bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Reflecting Water on Viewers’ Visual Perception and Subjective Evaluation: A Case Study in Classic Chinese Garden
Authors: Sun Minkai , Bao Yanyan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Water is considered one of the most important elements in landscape design. Studies claim that water expands perceived spatial dimension. In classic Chinese gardens, water is usually used to expand limited garden spaces. However, this information is mostly experience-based. Therefore, this exploratory study compared the differences in characteristics of the observer's visual and cognitive processing using a typical classic Chinese garden scenery picture with and without water through experiment (repeated measures design). A total of 64 participants were asked to randomly view two pictures respectively. The results showed that water reflection attracts more visual attention than pavement. Moreover, reflections can reduce the proportion of visual attention of a reflected substance and lower its visual attractiveness. The estimation of the actual area size showed that water was not effective for people’s spatial perception. However, participants felt a greater sense of spaciousness when viewing scenes that included water. These results suggest that reflecting on the water enhanced people’s appreciation of the scene.
3D reconstructed models based on real cervical cancer cases for undergraduate gynecological oncology education: a single-group pre- and post-test study
Authors: Zhang Jingjing , Liu Xiuying , Kong Liangyi , Huang Yinye , Hu Zheng 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
The landscape of medical education is rapidly evolving, driven by advancements in technology. This evolution has ushered in a new era characterized by digitization, connectivity, and intelligence. In this era, traditional teaching methods are being augmented with innovative technologies such as virtual learning, artificial intelligence platforms, and access to information clouds. One notable advancement is the integration of three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction models into medical education, particularly in fields like gynecological oncology.
Methods
This study introduces 3D reconstruction models based on real cervical cancer cases as a teaching tool for undergraduate gynecological oncology education. The aim was to assess the impact of these models on students' learning efficiency and perspectives. Participants were fourth-year Clinical Medicine students from Wuhan University, China. Pre- and post-tests were conducted to evaluate students' comprehension of cervical intraepithelial lesions, cervical cancer, female pelvic anatomy, and the 2018 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics staging system for cervix uteri.
Results
A significant improvement in students' post-test scores across all areas. Feedback from students underscored the visual benefits and engaging nature of the models, with many expressing that the 3D models provided a clearer representation of cervical cancer and enhanced their learning experience.
Conclusion
The integration of 3D reconstruction models into medical education represents a promising approach to address the complexities of teaching intricate subjects like anatomy and gynecological oncology. These models offer a more intuitive and meticulous visualization of anatomical structures and pathological processes, fostering a hands-on and exploratory learning experience for students. Further research and integration of such technologies into medical curricula are warranted to continue enhancing the educational experience for future medical professionals in the digital age.
Adding trastuzumab to carboplatin and paclitaxel improves overall survival in patients with advanced-stage HER2/neu-overexpressing uterine serous carcinoma or carcinosarcoma
Authors: Lu Ting-Fang , Sun Lou , Shih Yu-Hsiang , Chen Yen-Fu , Fan Chun-Ting , Wang Shao-Jing , Hsu Shih-Tien , Liu Chih-Ku , Hwang Sheau-Feng , Lu Chien-Hsing 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Uterine serous carcinomas and carcinosarcomas are aggressive forms of endometrial cancer with poor survival outcomes. Trastuzumab, a human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)-directed monoclonal antibody, has demonstrated tumoricidal efficacy. However, clinical data regarding its efficacy in uterine serous carcinoma are limited, and there are no clinical data available for uterine carcinosarcoma. Therefore, this study aimed to ascertain the efficacy and safety of adding trastuzumab to carboplatin and paclitaxel as a frontline treatment for advanced-stage HER2-overexpressing uterine serous carcinoma and carcinosarcoma.
Methods
This retrospective study used deidentified data from electronic health records sourced from the TriNetX Research Network. Participants were identified using ICD codes, and HER2 positivity was confirmed by immunohistochemistry or fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH). Propensity score matching (PSM) was employed to reduce confounders, and survival outcomes and adverse events were assessed.
Results
Following PSM, 280 patients with advanced HER2-positive uterine serous carcinoma or carcinosarcoma were analysed. The group of patients treated with carboplatin/paclitaxel + trastuzumab (CP + T) showed a significantly extended median overall survival compared to those treated solely with CP (41 months versus 25.2 months, hazard ratio [HR] = 0.51, p = 0.002) in both advanced-stage uterine carcinosarcoma and serous carcinoma. Specifically, patients with uterine carcinosarcoma experienced an even longer survival benefit (HR = 0.39, p < 0.0001) when trastuzumab was added to their chemotherapy regimen, surpassing the survival benefit seen in patients with uterine serous carcinoma (HR = 0.56, p = 0.04). However, patients who received trastuzumab experienced higher rates of hypertension, diarrhoea, and left ventricular systolic dysfunction.
Conclusions
The addition of trastuzumab to frontline chemotherapy is effective for the treatment of HER2-overexpressing uterine serous carcinoma and carcinosarcoma, particularly uterine carcinosarcoma. However, careful monitoring of adverse cardiac events is needed.
Solution-based Post-processing and Electroless Nickel Plating Parameters Impacting the Microstructure and Hardness of Nickel-Plated L-shaped Additively Manufactured Steel Components.
Authors: Demisse Wondwosen , Sachez Pablo , Fulford Daniel , Rice Lucas , Klein Kate L. , Tyagi Pawan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Electroless coating brings the advantage of providing films on the complex geometry of additively manufactured components. However, there is a knowledge gap about the impact of AM part surface and postprocessing parameters on the quality of electroless coating. This study explores the application of three solution-based surface finishing techniques on the microstructure and surface hardness of additively manufactured stainless steel components coated with electroless nickel films. Given that AM techniques for metal parts often yield surfaces with inherently rough textures and differences in properties along the different planes, we investigated their relationship with nickel coating. To mitigate the impact of surface irregularities on electroless nickel coating quality, this research evaluated the effectiveness of chemical polishing (CP) and electropolishing (EP) as post-processing treatments for AM stainless steel. Characterization of the treated samples was conducted using the analytical Digital Microscope, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and scratch tester. Additionally, the study incorporated an instant segmentation machine learning algorithm to overcome image analysis challenges. The findings indicate that EP and CP significantly improve surface smoothness, decreasing the arithmetical mean height (Ra) by as much as 4 µm and 10 µm, respectively. Furthermore, the nickel-coated AM samples demonstrated an enhancement in scratch resistance, exhibiting up to a two-fold increase in surface hardness compared to their as-built counterparts. Taguchi design of experiment was applied to investigate the effect of process parameters. This study provides insights for developing improved surface quality and acquiring new properties via the coating process to make AM parts suitable for challenging environments and novel applications.
A combination of RNA-Seq and CHIP-Seq analysis for determining super enhancer- associated genes to evaluate prognosis and immunity of glioma
Authors: Li Lianxi , Yang ZhiHao , Wu HaoYuan , Chang ChenXi , Wang ZhiWei , Zhang DeRan , Bian ErBao , Zhao Bing 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Gliomas are one of the most prevalent primary malignant tumors seen in adults. Despite the use of surgical resection, radiation and chemotherapies, a clinical relapse or advancement is practically inevitable, and finding new therapeutic targets is urgent to increase the overall survival period. Super enhancers are known to be ultra-long cis-acting elements that have enhanced transcriptional activities, which mediate higher grades of transcription to promote the growth of glioma and are expected to be a new therapeutic direction for glioma. Based on this, we adopted transcriptional RNA-seq and H3K27ac Chip-seq of 44 patient-derived glioblastoma stem cells and 9 neural stem cells, by integrating two methods of analysis, we screened 33 high-risk genes and imported these genes into TCGA and CGGA glioma databases. The first step is prognosis evaluation. In order to build the risk model, we applied the Lasso and COX analyses and used the KM and ROC curves to detect the accuracy of the risk model, Consensus cluster exhibited suitable groupings and unique molecular differences. The second step is functional analysis, utilizing the GSEA program, GO and KEGG to explore mechanisms between these genes and glioma. The third step is immune evaluation, including immune microenvironment and immune checkpoints, to look for potential therapeutic strategies. Finally, the function of the gene was verified in vitro experiments with molecules and cells. Collectively, we identified SE-associated high-risk genes through multi-omics analysis, bringing more possibilities for risk assessment and treatment strategies for glioma.
The causal relationship between smoking behaviors and rosacea and Acne: Evidence from a Mendelian randomization
Authors: Gohari Fatemeh , Golmohammadi Melika , Saeidian Amir Hesam , Pourganji Maryam , Masoudi Homayoon , Rad Ali Taghavi , Moeinafshar Aysan , Farahani Amin , Akbarzadeh Arash , Mirtavoos-Mahyari Hanifeh 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Previous observational studies have demonstrated positive associations between smoking patterns and the prevalence of acne and rosacea. However, the possible causal relationship remained unclear. Therefore, we conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) study to investigate the potential causal association between smoking and these two common chronic inflammatory skin disorders. The summary statistics dataset related to smoking initiation and smoking behaviors were gathered from the published Genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 462,690 participants in the UK Biobank. The genetic variants associated with acne and rosacea were also obtained from the published GWAS of the FinnGen consortium which included 7,072,771 and 20,169,986 SNPs, respectively. Using these data, we conducted a two-sample MR analysis to determine the causal relationship between smoking behaviors and acne and rosacea. Our results show that lifetime smoking is significantly associated with a higher risk of acne (beta = 0.23, 95%; CI = (0.03, 0.43), SE = 0.10, Pbeta =0.02). Heterogeneity and pleiotropy tests revealed no evidence of heterogeneity or pleiotropy. However, no significant association was observed between smoking initiation and the risk of acne (beta = 0.02, 95%; CI (0.12, 0.14), SE = 0.073, Pbeta =0.71) (MR–Egger intercept = 0.013, P-value = 0.15). Despite no signs of pleiotropy, evidence of heterogeneity was found. Regarding rosacea, our findings determine a significant correlation between smoking behaviors, including smoking initiation and lifetime smoking, and an elevated risk of rosacea (beta = 0.34; 95% CI (0.11, 1.47), SE = 0.15, Pbeta= 0.02) (beta = 0.79; 95% CI (0.11, 1.47), SE = 0.34, Pbeta= 0.02). No evidence of heterogeneity or pleiotropy was also observed. Our study suggests a causal relationship between smoking behaviors and both acne and rosacea. These findings can be beneficial in terms of providing additional perspectives on healthcare decision policies.
How do Gender and Age Similarities with a Potential Social Engineer Influence One's Trust and Willingness to Take Security Risks?
Authors: Abuelezz Israa , Barhmagi Mahmoud , Al-Shakhsi Sameha , Yankouskaya Ala , Nhlabatsi Armstrong , Khan Khaled M. , Ali Raian 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

This study investigates how age and gender similarity between individuals and potential social engineers affect the individuals’ trust and risk-taking behaviors. We crafted and face validated 16 personas, varying in demographics and visual cues, and inquired whether participants would agree to use each persona's offer to connect to the internet via their personal mobile hotspot, as well as the degree of trust they placed in the persona's intentions. Individuals were informed about the potential risks associated with using another person's mobile hotspot and that the person offering can be, but not necessarily, malicious. Data from 635 participants (322 Arabs and 313 British) were collected through an online survey. Participants were categorized by gender into male and female groups, and by age into two groups: early adulthood (18–35 years) and middle adulthood (36–59 years). Our results showed a correlation between trust and offer acceptance across all participant groups except for British females in middle adulthood. Additionally, participants, regardless of their gender and age groups, exhibited greater trust and acceptance towards personas who were female or older. Arab sample did not indicate a significant gender preference in aged personas; however, the British early adulthood group displayed a significant inclination towards accepting the offer from aged female personas over aged male personas. While demographic similarity between the potential manipulator personas and participants did not significantly impact the participants trust and risk-taking, our study uncovered differences in trust and offer acceptance when both age and gender demographics were considered together, suggesting nuanced effects of demographic matching and mismatching on taking security risks. These findings underscore the importance of incorporating bias awareness and debiasing techniques to reduce high reliance on demographic or cultural stereotypes.
Osseointegration Potential of Boron-Coated Titanium Alloy Pedicle Screw in Rabbit Spine Model
Authors: Ozer Hidir , Hekimoglu Mehdi , Kulac Ibrahim , Eren Ozgur Can , Arici Yeliz Kasko , Celik Haydar Sahin , Ozer Ali Fahir 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Study Design:
Prospective, randomized controlled trial
Objective
To enhance stem cell conversion and osseointegration using boron-coated screws and leveraging boron compounds' properties.
Background Data:
The sustained functionality of spinal implants is critical, and titanium alloys, despite advantages, face challenges like weak osteogenic ability. This study focuses on addressing these issues through boron-coated titanium alloy pedicle screws, aiming to improve osseointegration rates by utilizing boron compounds' antibacterial and antifungal properties.
Methods
Rabbits (n = 10/group) were randomly divided into control and experimental groups. Surgical procedures were performed by the same surgeon. Under anesthesia, access was gained to the skin, subcutaneous tissue, fascia, and muscle tissue. In the control group, standard 3.5x14 mm titanium alloy pedicle screws were unilaterally placed in the L6 and L7 lumbar spines, connected by a rigid rod. In the experimental group, 3.5x14 mm boron-coated titanium pedicle screws were similarly placed and connected. Tissues were closed, and rabbits were kept alive for 12 weeks before sacrifice. Histological examination and statistical analysis of results were conducted.
Results
In the rabbit spine model, boron-coated titanium alloy pedicle screws exhibited a statistically comparable osseointegration rate to standard ones (p = 0.302). The levels of necrosis (p = 0.653) and fibrosis (p = 0.086) around boron-coated screws were similar to those observed around titanium alloy pedicle screws.
Conclusion
Boron-coated pedicle screws exhibited osseointegration comparable to standard ones. The levels of necrosis and fibrosis around the screws were within acceptable ranges. Despite their known stronger biomechanical properties, they can be considered as a superior alternative to standard ones.
Cost implications of achieving a gender-integrated indoor residual spraying program in southern Mozambique
Authors: Willis Derek W. , Rundle Kiri , Maartens Francois , Rea Christian Cuellar Perez , Lee Donna , Dhanai Roshantha , Patel Roopal , Cassolato Matteo , Berdnikov Maxim , Morrison Linden , Charles Sherwin , Candrinho Baltazar 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Progress toward gender equality in the indoor residual spraying (IRS) workforce lags behind other areas of vector control implementation and research. One reason for this may be misconceptions about the cost of implementing IRS with a higher percentage of female staff. The Tchau Tchau Malaria program in southern Mozambique has achieved high levels of gender equality in its workforce and provides a valuable case study for analyzing the impact of gender equality on the cost of annual IRS campaigns.
Methods
This study examined data from the 2020/2021 campaign of the Tchau Tchau Malaria program to understand how employing a high percentage of female spray operators affected the cost of salaries paid to spray operators during the training and implementation phases of the campaign. Salary cost estimates for the actual Tchau Tchau Malaria campaign were compared to a counterfactual scenario assuming a lower percentage of female SOs (30%), consistent with other IRS programs in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Results
Approximately 58.5% of the 2,182 spray operators employed by the 2020/2021 Tchau Tchau Malaria campaign were female. Male spray operators were slightly more productive than female spray operators. However, female spray operators were more likely to have worked with previous campaigns; therefore, the average cost of training for female spray operators was lower than the average cost of training for male spray operators. The total salary cost for the Tchau Tchau Malaria campaign compared with the counterfactual scenario differed by less than 1%.
Conclusions
Our analysis of the Tchau Tchau Malaria campaign in Mozambique, when compared to a counterfactual scenario with low gender equality, revealed that achieving a higher level of gender equality in spray operator employment had a minimal effect on the total cost of salaries paid to spray operators.
Albumin plus CEA: a novel biomarker for predicting prognosis in resectable gastric cancer: a case-control study
Authors: Li Jie , Zhao Haozong , Zhang Qianshi , Ren Shuangyi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Preoperative high levels of serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and low levels of albumin (ALB) are closely related to poor prognosis among patients with gastric cancer. This study aims to determine the prognostic value of preoperative serum ALB plus CEA levels as a new biomarker in patients with resectable gastric cancer.
Methods
A total of 329 patients with gastric cancer were included in this study. The optimal cutoff values of ALB and CEA were 4.77 ng/mL and 41.47 g/L, respectively. Patients were stratified into three groups based on these cutoff values: ALB-CEA = 0 (ALB > 41.47 g/L and CEA ≤ 4.77 ng/mL), ALB-CEA = 1 (ALB ≤ 41.47 g/L or CEA > 4.77 ng/mL), and ALB-CEA = 2 (ALB ≤ 41.47 g/L and CEA > 4.77 ng/mL). Kaplan-Meier curve and Cox proportional model were used to determine the predictive effect of the biomarker on the overall survival (OS) of patients in the training and validation sets.
Results
ALB-CEA had a larger area under the curve than ALB or CEA alone (0.703, 0.671, 0.635 in the validation set; 0.776, 0.694, 0.616 in the validation set respectively). The Kaplan-Meier curve revealed that higher ALB-CEA scores were indicative of lower survival rates (p < 0.001). Additionally, the multivariate analysis revealed that ALB-CEA was an independent risk factor for poor prognosis in patients with gastric cancer (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
Preoperative ALB-CEA may be a new biomarker for predicting the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer. For those patients with higher preoperative ALB-CEA scores, more extensive postoperative follow-up should be performed to detect tumor progression early and intervene in time.
Comparison of Pearson’s and Spearman’s correlation coefficients values for selected traits of Pinus sylvestris L.
Authors: Bocianowski Jan , Wrońska-Pilarek Dorota , Krysztofiak-Kaniewska Anna , Matusiak Karolina , Wiatrowska Blanka 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The Spearman rank correlation coefficient is a non-parametric (distribution-free) rank statistic proposed by Charles Spearman as a measure of the strength of the relationship between two variables. It is a measure of a monotonic relationship that is used when the distribution of the data makes Pearson's correlation coefficient undesirable or misleading. The Spearman coefficient is not a measure of the linear relationship between two variables. It assesses how well an arbitrary monotonic function can describe the relationship between two variables, without making any assumptions about the frequency distribution of the variables. Unlike Pearson's product-moment (linear) correlation coefficient, it does not require the assumption that the relationship between variables is linear, nor does it require that the variables be measured on interval scales; it can be applied to variables measured at the ordinal level. The purpose of this study is to compare the values of Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficient and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient and their statistical significance for six Pinus sylvestris L. traits (original – for Pearson's coefficient and ranked – for Spearman's coefficient) estimated from all observations, object means (for trees) and medians. The results show that the linear and rank correlation coefficients are consistent (as to direction and strength). In cases of divergence in the direction of correlation, the correlation coefficients were not statistically significant, which does not imply consistency in decision-making. Estimation of correlation coefficients based on medians is robust to outlier observations and factors that linear correlation is then very similar to rank correlation.