bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
7.4: A Stacking Color Electrowetting Display for the Smart Window Application
Authors: Lee Wei‐Yen , Chiu Yung‐Hsiang , Liang Chao‐Chiun , Cheng Wei‐Yuan , Lo Kuo‐Lung , Tsai Yu‐Hsiang 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe electrowetting display with the property of transflective is applicable as windows. However, low transmittance is a key issue of a stacking color electrowetting display as a window application. To improve the transmittance, an advanced oil splitting suppression waveform was proposed. Finally, a stacking color electrowetting display for the smart window application has been demonstrated. And the transmittance up to 30% has been attended.
60.1: LCD Integrated Optics
Authors: Wheatley John , Liu Tao , Sousa Matthew E. , Etzkorn Stephen , Bösl Ellen , van Derlofske John , Sanford Quinn , Hoyle C. David , Benoit Gilles 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA new class of optical film is demonstrated which addresses fundamental and longstanding constraints in LCD backlights. These films enable displays with highly integrated optics and no free‐floating films. Both unitary polarized solid light guides and edge‐lit hollow systems without guides are shown. The non‐incremental impact on multiple LCD value propositions including waste stream is discussed. Film development has been done on manufacturing scale.
73.3L: Late‐News Paper: High Efficiency LED Illuminator for 2D/3D Switchable LCoS Projection Display
Authors: Hsieh Sheng‐Hsun , Chen Cheng‐Huan 
Published: July 2011

AbstractAn LCoS projector based on LED illuminator is proposed with simulation analysis and prototype evaluation for adding capability of high dynamic range in 2D presentation with switchability to 3D function. Evaluation shows each projection pattern can keep uniformity performance. Extinction ratio reaches 100:1 with overall efficiency up to 15%.
61.4: Active Crosstalk Reduction on Multi‐View Displays Using Eye Detection
Authors: Park Juyong , Nam Dongkyung , Sung Geeyoung , Kim Yuntae , Park Dusik , Kim Changyeong 
Published: July 2011

AbstractMulti‐view displays have some problems in the quality of images, while they provide glasses‐free systems. Especially inter‐view crosstalk is the most critical factor to deteriorate the image quality and cause visual fatigue under large depths. We propose a method to provide clear images appropriate to the positions of the observer's eyes. In a subpixel group, using the visibility profiles of the subpixels expressing each view, we can determine the subpixel values to express a certain color at a certain direction. This can compensate color distortion caused by slanted lenticular lens and expand the observable area using the repeated regions neighboring the main region.
62.3: Fundamental Issues with IJP P‐OLED Devices: Identification and Corrective Actions
Authors: Grizzi Ilaria , Crankshaw Mark , Forsythe Daniel , Williams Gary 
Published: July 2011

AbstractP‐OLED materials development is usually reported using a spin‐coated platform. This paper details the work done to realise considerable performance in spin‐coated and printed devices. The challenges faced in achieving this result were:
Eliminating current leakage pathways that reduce device efficiency
Eliminating sources of contamination that reduce lifetime.
8.4: Contrast‐Enhanced High‐Speed Polarization Modulator for Active‐Retarder 3D Displays
Authors: Osterman Jesper , Scheffer Terry 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA contrast‐enhanced, high‐speed polarization modulator for active‐retarder 3D displays is proposed. By using a double‐cell structure together with a dedicated driving scheme and an external quarter‐wave retarder, a high‐performance modulator can be realized, resulting in minimized brightness loss and low crosstalk levels in fast‐refresh, time‐multiplexed 3D displays.
66.3: Hybrid White OLEDs for General Lighting
Authors: Loebl Peter , Goldmann Claudia , van Elsbergen Volker , Grabowski Stefan , Boerner Herbert , Bertram Dietrich 
Published: July 2011

AbstractOLEDs for general lighting require both high efficacy and good lumen maintenance. Hybrid stacks combining fluorescent blue and phosphorescent red and green emitters are a very good choice for both long lifetime and good efficacy values: 31 lm/W are demonstrated for a cold white color point. 44 lm /W are measured with improved out‐coupling (ILO) using a scattering foil and 60 lm/W are demonstrated using a macro‐extractor for light out‐coupling. For warm white we realized 34 lm/W (with ILO 45 lm/W and 64 lm /W using a macro‐extractor). LT50 lumen maintenance is for both stacks better than 30,000 hours.
9.1: Invited Paper: Turning Points in Mobile Display Development
Authors: Ohshima Hiroyuki , Ting Dai‐Liang 
Published: July 2011

AbstractRecent mobile displays have encountered a turning point in market trends as well as in technology requirements. Mobile displays are rapidly shifting to larger sizes, higher resolution >300ppi, wider viewing angles, higher contrast, and integration with touch functionality. All of this has caused a generation change in mobile display architecture and technologies. This paper will address those revolutions and Chimei Innolux CMI's approach.
67.4: Measurement and Characterization of Autostereoscopic 3D Display: A New Analytical Method
Authors: Liu Sheng‐Chi , Chang Che‐Wei 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThis work discusses the characterization of an autostereoscopic 3D display by theoretical analyses, optical simulations and experimentation. A camera is utilized to capture 3D information; quantifies the display performance and evaluates the 3D quality of the display. Based on the results thus obtained, the new analytical method is verified simply and accurately to be able to evaluate an autostereoscopic 3D display.
70.3: Precise Evaluation of the Colorimetric Properties of Displays Versus Viewing Angle using Fourier Optics
Authors: Boher Pierre , Leroux Thierry , Bignon Thibault , Collomb‐Patton Véronique 
Published: July 2011

AbstractFull analysis of the color properties of different displays is presented using viewing angle measurements made using Fourier optics system. L*a*b* color space and on axis values of white state as reference are used. Gravity center behavior and hull area in addition to volume have been computed for the entire viewing angle.
P‐165: A New Class of Blue Phosphorescent Iridium Complexes for Organic Electroluminescent Devices
Authors: Groarke Michelle , Andresen Sven , Li Juo‐Hao , Weber Karl , Hirai Tadahiko , MacDonald James , Bown Mark , Ueno Kazunori 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWe report a new class of phosphorescent Ir(III) complexes that exhibit highly efficient blue emission. These complexes display an absolute quantum yield of greater than 0.9 in solution at room temperature and have been applied in OLED devices that give an efficiency of 15.7 cd/A at 1000 cd/m2 with CIE coordinates of (0.15, 0.21).
Breaking Oil Recovery Limit in Malaysian Thin Oil Rim Reservoirs: Enhanced Oil Recovery by Gas and Water Injection
Authors: Razak Ezzam A. , Chan Keng Seng , Darman Nasir 
Published: July 2011

Abstract
The goal of an oil field development project is to accelerate the hydrocarbon production and maximize the recovery at a lowest cost. For a thin oil rim reservoir with a large gas cap on top and a strong aquifer below, achieving such goal can be very challenging since recovery of both oil and gas shall be maximized. A successful project shall entail plan first to accelerate the oil production maximizing the oil recovery prior to the gas cap blow-down.
The maximum oil recovery factor achievable in thin oil rim reservoirs was evaluated for a Malaysian thin oil rim reservoir based on dynamic flow properties. The force balance between the gas cap expansion, aquifer expansion and viscous withdrawal was demonstrated by showing the model simulated water-oil and gas-oil contact movement. The understanding of the force balance progressively guided the field development project team to selectively re-activate some of the idle wells, to selectively place new additional infill horizontal wells, and to plan selective water and gas- cap gas injection in key reservoir sectors.
In this paper, the reservoir simulation study on simultaneous up-dip water and down-dip gas injection was reported. The down-dip gas injection, injecting gas at and close to water/oil contact, was found to be able to impede bottom aquifer advancement, improve sweep and further enhance the thin oil-rim oil recovery. The gravity assisted injection technique could become a cost effective alternate for IWAG particularly for remaining oil rim which can be less than 10 m after the successful primary and secondary production.
Scaling Principle and Scaling Prediction in ASP Flooding Producers in Daqing Oilfield
Authors: Jiecheng Cheng , Wanfu Zhou , Yusheng Zhang , Guangtian Xu , Chengfeng Ren , Zhangang Peng , Wenguang Bai , Zongyu Zhang , Xin Wang , Hairong Fu , Qingguo Wang , Xianxiao Kong , Lei Shi 
Published: July 2011

Abstract
ASP flooding in Daqing oilfield commenced from 1980s. To date, industrial pilot tests have been carried out in three blocks. The averaged recovery was increased by 20%. On the other hand, scaling issue caused high frequent pump failures. Large amount of scale building up in the producers wellbore and downhole equipments with high speed, which resulted in the averaged running life of lifting system decreased from 599 days of water flooding period to 60 days. Further more, some producers’ running lives were only around 30 days, leading to higher production cost and lower production rate as well.
Study indicated that, the scaling principle and scale composition in producing wells differed from each other and was difficult to be predicted accurately. In this study, after tracking and measuring the ion in produced fluid for the whole process from water flooding, polymer flooding to ASP flooding and analyzing composition of the scale on different parts of scaling well, the criterion and distinguishing chart of scaling tendency had been set up initially. The criteria were applied in 102 wells in ASP flooding area, the accordance rate was more than 90 percent. Based on that, scaling inhibition technology was timely performed for predicted scaling wells, and the running lives were increased from 40 days to above 200 days. This paper presented the process of the study and is greatly helpful for APS flooding in commercial scale.
Case Story: Line Driving Horizontal Producer/Injector Patterns Increasing Recovery for Thin Carbonate Reservoir, Oman
Authors: Zhao Limin , Yang Shuang , Zhao Guoliang , Guo Rui , Duan Tianxiang , Wang Jun 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBlock B is located in northwest of Oman basin and its target formation is thin Early Cretaceous Shuaiba limestone reservoir with high porosity and low permeability. The reservoir is confined by faults towards northeast and southwest and trapped by lithology towards northwest and southeast. It was brought on stream in 1990 with vertical producers and the development situation was deteriorated heavily for years of natural depletion.Based on the detail geological and reservoir engineering study, the line driving horizontal producer/injector patterns along the striking of the faults were optimized and implemented in the full block. During the early stage of water injection, the ratio of injection/production was about 3 to restore the formation pressure as soon as possible and made the free gas dissolve back into the oil. When the formation pressure was resumed to about bubble point pressure, the ratio of injection/production was reduced for balance. Close monitoring of production performance and streamline study were carried out to guide the magnitude of production and injection and keep the waterflooding front advancing evenly to increase the sweep efficiency. As of Dec., 2010, great success was achieved as the oil rate was increased from less than 2,000b/d at the depletion stage to 10,000b/d and the recovery factor was about 30%.
Potential Pharmacologic Treatments for Cystinuria and for Calcium Stones Associated with Hyperuricosuria
Authors: Goldfarb David S. 
Published: July 2011

Summary
Two new potential pharmacologic therapies for recurrent stone disease are described. The role of hyperuricosuria in promoting calcium stones is controversial with only some but not all epidemiologic studies demonstrating associations between increasing urinary uric acid excretion and calcium stone disease. The relationship is supported by the ability of uric acid to “salt out” (or reduce the solubility of) calcium oxalate in vitro. A randomized, controlled trial of allopurinol in patients with hyperuricosuria and normocalciuria was also effective in preventing recurrent stones. Febuxostat, a nonpurine inhibitor of xanthine oxidase (also known as xanthine dehydrogenase or xanthine oxidoreductase) may have advantages over allopurinol and is being tested in a similar protocol, with the eventual goal of determining whether urate-lowering therapy prevents recurrent calcium stones. Treatments for cystinuria have advanced little in the past 30 years. Atomic force microscopy has been used recently to demonstrate that effective inhibition of cystine crystal growth is accomplished at low concentrations of L-cystine methyl ester and L-cystine dimethyl ester, structural analogs of cystine that provide steric inhibition of crystal growth. In vitro, L-cystine dimethyl ester had a significant inhibitory effect on crystal growth. The drug's safety and effectiveness will be tested in an Slc3a1 knockout mouse that serves as an animal model of cystinuria.
The Relationship between Epicardial Adipose Tissue and Malnutrition, Inflammation, Atherosclerosis/Calcification Syndrome in ESRD Patients
Authors: Turkmen Kultigin , Kayikcioglu Hatice , Ozbek Orhan , Solak Yalcin , Kayrak Mehmet , Samur Cigdem , Anil Melih , Zeki Tonbul Halil 
Published: July 2011

Summary

Background and objectives
Malnutrition, inflammation, atherosclerosis/calcification (MIAC) and endothelial dysfunction are the most commonly encountered risk factors in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease in ESRD patients. Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is the true visceral fat depot of the heart. The relationship between CAD and EAT was shown in patients with high risk of coronary artery disease. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between EAT and MIAC syndrome in ESRD patients.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
Eighty ESRD patients and 27 healthy subjects enrolled in this cross-sectional study. EAT and coronary artery calcification score were measured by a multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) scanner. Patients with serum albumin <3.5 mg/dl were defined as patients with malnutrition; those with serum C-reactive protein level >10 ng/dl (normal range, 0–5 ng/dl) had inflammation; and those with CACS >10 had atheroscleosis/calcification.

Results
Total CACS and EAT measurements were significantly higher in ESRD patients when compared with healthy subjects. There was a statistically significant relationship between EAT and CACS in ESRD patients (r = 0.48). EAT measurements were higher in PD patients than HD patients. Twenty-four of the patients had no component, 31 had one component, 17 had two components, and nine had all of the MIAC components. EAT was found to be significantly increased when the presence of MIAC components increased. EAT was positively correlated with age, body mass index, and presence of MIAC. These parameters were also found as independent predictors of increased EAT.

Conclusions
We found a relationship between EAT and components of MIAC syndrome in ESRD patients.
Effects of Hawley retainers on consonants and formant frequencies of vowels
Authors: Kayikci Mavis Emel Kulak , Akan Seden , Ciger Semra , Ozkan Soner 
Published: July 2011

Abstract

Objective:
To assess (1) whether Hawley retainers cause speech disturbance and (2) the duration of speech adaptation to Hawley retainers with objective and subjective tests.

Materials and Methods:
Twelve adolescents, aged 11.11 to 18.03 years, were included in this study. The assessment of speech sounds were done subjectively using an articulation test and objectively using acoustic analysis before and after Hawley retainer application.

Results:
After wearing Hawley retainers, patients showed statistically significant speech disturbances on consonants [ş] and [z]. Regarding the vowels, statistically significant changes were recorded with [i], while F1 increased and F2 and F3 decreased.

Conclusions:
The tongue changes its target position with the application of a foreign body within the mouth; however, in time it adapts to that new situation.
Total ear canal ablation and lateral bulla osteotomy for treatment of otitis externa and media in a rabbit
Authors: Chow Eric P. , Bennett R. Avery , Whittington Julia K. 
Published: July 2011

Abstract
Case Description—A 7-year-old spayed female Miniature Rex European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) was evaluated because of scratching at the right ear. Physical examination revealed purulent exudate in the right ear canal.
Clinical Findings—Microbial culture of the exudate yielded Pseudomonas aeruginosa susceptible to marbofloxacin; however, the infection was refractory to appropriate medical treatment. Computed tomography revealed isoattenuating material within the right tympanic bulla and external ear canal with no enhancement following IV administration of contrast medium. The left tympanic bulla appeared normal.
Treatment and Outcome—A total ear canal ablation and lateral bulla osteotomy were performed on the right ear, and polymethylmethacrylate beads containing either gentamicin or cefazolin were placed within the bulla and surrounding tissues. Two weeks after surgery, the patient appeared comfortable with no signs of scratching at the right ear.
Clinical Relevance—Total ear canal ablation and lateral bulla osteotomy can be successfully performed for treatment of chronic otitis externa and media in rabbits. Cartilage plates that compose the external ear canal, a bony acoustic duct, lack of a horizontal ear canal, and thickness of the lateral aspect of the tympanic bulla are features unique to rabbits and have not been described in relation to these surgical procedures in rabbits. Rabbits also produce a caseous exudate, and it is difficult to resolve infections of bone and soft tissues. Placement of antimicrobial-impregnated polymethylmethacrylate beads is recommended to minimize the risk of recurrent infection.
Cystic endometrial hyperplasia and chronic endometritis in a chinchilla
Authors: Granson Hilary J. , Carr Anthony P. , Parker Dennilyn , Davies Jennifer L. 
Published: July 2011

Abstract
Case Description—A 4-year-old nulliparous sexually intact female chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera) was evaluated because of a 2-month history of blood being sporadically observed in its cage.
Clinical Findings—Results of physical examination of the chinchilla were unremarkable except for the presence of blood-stained fur around the perineum. There were no external lesions to account for the bleeding. Findings on urinalysis, bacteriologic culture of urine, and whole-body radiography were unremarkable. The chinchilla's littermate had been evaluated because of similar clinical signs 2 years earlier, and these signs resolved following ovariohysterectomy.
Treatment and Outcome—Ovariohysterectomy was performed, and gross changes were not observed in the reproductive tract. However, microscopic examination revealed multifocal cystic dilation of the endometrial glands, foci of microhemorrhage, and chronic suppurative inflammation consistent with a final diagnosis of cystic endometrial hyperplasia and chronic endometritis. Clinical signs did not recur.
Clinical Relevance—Cystic endometrial hyperplasia has been documented in a variety of animals, but to the authors' knowledge, this was the first reported case in a chinchilla. Cystic endometrial hyperplasia and chronic endometritis should be considered as a differential diagnosis in an adult sexually intact female chinchilla with a history of suspected hemorrhagic vaginal discharge, suspected hematuria, or hemorrhage from an unknown source.
Results of beetles (Coleoptera) survey of Zástudánčí National Nature Reserve (Central Moravia) 2008 - part 1
Authors: Nakládal Oto 
Published: July 2011

Results of beetles (Coleoptera) survey of Zástudánčí National Nature Reserve (Central Moravia) 2008 - part 1
During the beetles survey of Zástudánčí National Nature Reserve (Central Moravia), 3585 specimens belonging to 857 species from 64 families were recorded. Faunistic data of 23 of them (Haliplidae, Dytiscidae, Carabidae, Hydrophilidae, Histeridae, Hydraenidae, Ptiliidae, Leiodidae, Scydmaenidae, Silphidae, Staphylinidae, Lucanidae, Geotrupidae, Scarabaeidae, Buprestidae, Cerophytidae, Eucnemidae, Throscidae, Elateridae, Drilidae, Lycidae, Lampyridae, and Cantharidae) are presented. Presenting data represent 2191 specimens belonging to 456 species. Critically endangered species (according to Red list of theatened species in the Czech Republic - Invertebrates) Negastrius pulchellus and N. sabulicola (Elateridae) and Cerophytum elateroides (Cerophytidae) were recorded.
The reasons for low intrapopulation genetic variation in Lamium incisum Willd
Authors: Wąsowicz Katarzyna , Szczecińska Monika , Sawicki Jakub 
Published: July 2011

The reasons for low intrapopulation genetic variation in Lamium incisum Willd
The paper presents results of a study which aim was preliminary screening of intrapopulation genetic variability in Lamium incisum Willd. This weed species is rarely distributed in Poland and lessening its count during the last years. As a plant inhabiting anthropogenic sites it is exposed to extreme conditions and disturbances caused mostly by the progressive intensification of agriculture. In order to investigate the genetic variability of the selected population markers of ISSR category were used. The analysis of chosen individuals with use of three ISSR primers revealed total of 49 loci, of which only 15 were polymorphic. Nei's gene diversity index (HE=0.099) and the mean number of alleles per locus (AE=1.160) indicated low genetic diversity within the examined population. The research presented in this paper allows for a better learning of the genetic variability of the investigated species and considers probable factors influencing its level.
Recent occurrence of moss Buxbaumia viridis (Bryophyta, Buxbaumiaceae) in the Kłodzko region (Central and Eastern Sudetes, SW Poland)
Authors: Cykowska Beata , Vončina Grzegorz 
Published: July 2011

Recent occurrence of moss Buxbaumia viridis (Bryophyta, Buxbaumiaceae) in the Kłodzko region (Central and Eastern Sudetes, SW Poland)
A rare epixylous moss, Buxbaumia viridis (Moug. ex Lam. & DC.) Brid. ex Moug. & Nestl., was searched at historical localities in the Kłodzko region, especially in Bialskie and Bystrzyckie Mts. The species was rediscovered at two localities in the upper part of the valley of Jedlnik stream on the east slope of Iwinka Mt. in Puszcza Śnieżnej Białki Nature Reserve. This paper presents data on autecology of B. viridis at one of the rediscovered localities as well as shows its current distribution in the Kłodzko region.
Prevalence of Gender Based Violence among Pregnant Women: A Hospital Based Study
Authors: Chaudhary Pushpa , Chaudhary Shrawan Kumar , Shrestha Madhu 
Published: July 2011

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njog.v5i2.5072 NJOG 2010 Nov-Dec; 5(2): 17-22