bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of orally administered lavender essential oil on responses to anxiety‐provoking film clips
Authors: Bradley Belinda F. , Brown Stephen L. , Chu Simon , Lea Robert W. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBackgroundLavender odour is commonly used to alleviate mild anxiety. Double blind studies are difficult to conduct with odours, and there are few reliable investigations of lavender's efficacy.MethodOrally administered lavender capsules (placebo, 100, 200 µl) were tested in a randomised between‐subjects (n = 97) double‐blind study. Film clips were used to elicit anxiety. Measures included anxiety, State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), mood, positive and negative affect scale (PANAS), heart rate (HR), galvanic skin response (GSR), and heart rate variation (HRV). Following baseline measurements capsules were administered. Participants viewed a neutral film clip, then an anxiety‐provoking and light‐hearted recovery film clip.ResultsFor the 200 µl lavender dose during the neutral film clip there was a trend towards reduced state anxiety, GSR and HR and increased HRV. In the anxiety‐eliciting film, lavender was mildly beneficial in females but only on HRV measures. In males sympathetic arousal increased during the anxiety film (GSR). HRV significantly increased at 200 µl during all three film clips in females, suggesting decreased anxiety.ConclusionThese findings suggest that lavender has anxiolytic effects in humans under conditions of low anxiety, but these effects may not extend to conditions of high anxiety. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
MAOA gene polymorphisms and response to mirtazapine in major depression
Authors: Tzeng Dong‐Sheng , Chien Chia‐Chang , Lung For‐Wey , Yang Chun‐ Yuh 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBackgroundPolymorphisms in the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) gene may influence treatment outcomes in major depression disorder (MDD).ObjectiveTo investigate the association of MAOA genetic polymorphisms and response to mirtazapine in patients with MDD.MethodFifty‐eight adult patients in Taiwan who met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition (DSM‐IV) diagnostic criteria for MDD were given mirtazapine for 7 weeks and evaluated on days 0, 7, 14, 21, 49 using the 24‐item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD). Remission was defined as a final HRSD ≤ 10 and a 50% reduction in baseline HRSD score. Patients provided venous blood for DNA testing. The patients' response to mirtazapine treatment was compared between those who had the long‐form polymorphism in the MAOA gene promoter and the short‐form polymorphism.ResultThe total HRSD scores after mirtazapine treatment were significantly lower than baseline (p < 0.001). There were 10 cases (38.5%) in short from and 6 (18.8%) in long from group touched the remission stage. Patients with the short‐form group had a greater response to mirtazapine (p < 0.001) than those with the long‐form polymorphism after controlling for age, sex, and apolipoprotein E genetic (APOE) polymorphism.ConclusionThe genetic polymorphisms in the MAOA promoter region may be associated with treatment response to mirtazapine. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ungauged catchment contributions to Lake Tana's water balance
Authors: Wale A. , Rientjes T. H. M. , Gieske A. S. M. , Getachew H. A. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractLake Tana's flow system is governed by four main components: the inflow from surrounding river catchments into the lake, the outflow at Bahir Dar through the Blue Nile, the direct rainfall on the lake and the direct evaporation from the lake. While recent studies applied simple pragmatic approaches to estimate runoff from ungauged catchments, here emphasis is placed on more advanced approaches based on regionalization and spatial proximity principles. In the regionalization approach, model parameters of the conceptual HBV (Hydrologiska Byråns Vattenbalansavdelning) rainfall‐runoff modelling of gauged catchments are transferred to ungauged catchments to allow runoff simulation. Parameter transfer was attempted through regression, proximity procedures and catchment size. This yielded 42, 47 and 46%, respectively, of the total river inflow for the three procedures. Lake areal rainfall is estimated by interpolation of the rain gauges around the lake, open water evaporation is estimated by the Penman‐combination equation while observed inflows and outflow data are directly used in the lake water balance. The water balance closure term was established by comparing the measured lake levels with the calculated levels. Results show that runoff from ungauged catchments is around 880 mm per year for the simulation period 1995–2001 with a water balance closure error of 5%. In addition, use is made of river and lake water chemistry to arrive at an estimate of the unknown inflow and outflow components through the mixing cell approach. The results obtained with this method also provide independent information with regard to the errors in the individual water balance components. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Resample or not?! Effects of resolution of DEMs in watershed modeling
Authors: Dixon B. , Earls J. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractResolution of data is a sensitive issue in environmental modeling. Professionals from diverse background use Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for environmental modeling. Availability of GIS software and publicly available digital data make modeling more accessible to anyone, but without proper understanding of the resampling and resolution of the digital database, model results are of little practical significance. It is imperative that the government agencies and their contractors responsible for using GIS‐based modeling to implement regulatory goals must have strong foundational knowledge of resolution of data and their implications. This study utilizes the SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model integrated with ArcView to examine how sensitive the SWAT model was to the resolution of Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) while predicting the streamflow. This research uses a case study to demonstrate to the modeling community that resolution of data matters when predicting flow. If there were no effect of resolution on the modeled results then the original 90 m DEM and the original 30 m DEM resampled to 90 m would show similar trends. Initial input layers into SWAT were: DEMs, soils, landuse (LU) and meteorological data. The model‐predicted streamflow was validated against USGS (US Geological Survey) stream gauge data. DEMs are available at 30, 90 and 300 m resolution originally; therefore, this study analysed the sensitivity of the predicted streamflow at 30, 90 and 300 m resolution. Results indicated that SWAT is indeed sensitive to the resolution of the DEMs: original 90 and 30 m DEM resampled to 90 m did not show the same trend. Therefore, the effects of resolution cannot be ignored and resampling may not be adequate in modeling stream flows using a distributed watershed model. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A tale of two isotopes: differences in hydrograph separation for a runoff event when using δD versus δ18O
Authors: Lyon Steve W. , Desilets Sharon L. E. , Troch Peter A. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractIt is often assumed that stable water isotopes (δD and δ18O) provide redundant information for a given sample of water. In this note we illustrate that the choice of isotope used may influence the resultant hydrograph separation. This is especially true in light of the spatial and temporal variability in the isotopic composition of rainfall water at the catchment scale. We present several possible hydrograph separations based on both δD and δ18O observed in rainfall for a single runoff event occurring in the southwest USA. This study demonstrates the potential of using both stable water isotopes by showing that δD and δ18O may provide unique information for catchment hydrologists. We also report on the utility of new technology capable of simultaneous measurements of both δD and δ18O using off‐axis integrated cavity output spectroscopy (OA‐ICOS) methods. This may be of interest to catchment hydrologists seeking to incorporate this type of equipment into their laboratory. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Phytoglycoprotein (75 kDa) isolated from Cudrania tricuspidata Bureau inhibits expression of interleukin‐4 in the presence of di (2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate via modulation of p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase in primary‐cultured mouse thymocytes
Authors: Oh Phil‐Sun , Lim Kye‐Taek 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to determine the inhibitory effect of a glycoprotein isolated from Cudrania tricuspidata Bureau (CTB glycoprotein) on di(2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP)‐induced differentiation of T helper (Th) type 2 cells in primary cultured thymocytes. The results obtained from this study revealed that the CTB glycoprotein in the presence of DEHP produces an antioxidative activity against intracellular reactive oxygen species production in cells. In addition, the activities of p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase and GATA‐binding protein 3 were decreased by treatment with the CTB glycoprotein (100 µg ml−1). The CTB glycoprotein also has an inhibitory effect on the expressions of interleukin (IL)‐4 and IL‐10 induced by DEHP in thymocytes. Hence, we speculate that the CTB glycoprotein might be one component for preparation of health supplements for prevention of Th2 cell response‐related immune diseases. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Retracted: Inhibition of constitutive activity of nuclear transcription factor kappaB sensitizes doxorubicin‐resistant cells to apoptosis
Authors: Gangadharan Charitha , Thoh Maikho , Manna Sunil K. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractRetraction: The following article from the Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, “Inhibition of Constitutive Activity of Nuclear Transcription Factor kappaB Sensitizes Doxorubicin‐Resistant Cells to Apoptosis” by Charitha Gangadharan, Maikho Thoh, and Sunil K. Manna, published online on February 25, 2009, in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the authors, the journal Editor‐in‐Chief, Gary S. Stein, and Wiley Periodicals, Inc. The authors have requested the retraction as some of the data was not properly documented as per the norms of good laboratory practice.
HIF‐1α regulates hypoxia‐induced EP1 expression in osteoblastic cells
Authors: Genetos Damian C. , Lee Christina M. , Wong Alice , Yellowley Clare E. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractChanges in regional oxygen tension that occur during skeletal development and fracture stimulate local bone cell activity to regulate bone formation, maintenance, and repair. The adaptive responses of bone cells to hypoxia are only beginning to be understood. The transcription factor hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α) is activated under hypoxia and promotes expression of genes required for adaptation and cell survival, and also regulates both bone development and fracture repair. We have previously demonstrated that hypoxic osteoblasts increase PGE2release and expression of the PGE2receptor EP1. In the present studies, we investigated the impact of altered HIF‐1α activity and expression on EP1 expression in osteoblasts. HIF‐1α stabilization was induced in cells cultured in 21% oxygen by treatment with dimethyloxaloglycine (DMOG) or siRNA targeted against PHD2. To implicate HIF‐1α in hypoxia‐induced EP1 expression, osteoblastic cells were treated with siRNA targeted against HIF‐1α prior to exposure to hypoxia. EP1 expression was significantly increased in cells cultured in 21% oxygen with DMOG or PHD2 siRNA treatment compared to controls. Hypoxia responsive element (HRE) activation in hypoxia was attenuated in cells treated with HIF‐1α siRNA compared to controls, indicating HIF‐1α as the functional HIF‐α isoform in this system. Furthermore, hypoxic cells treated with HIF‐1α siRNA demonstrated reduced EP1 expression in hypoxia compared to controls. Inhibition of SAPK/JNK activity significantly reduced hypoxia‐induced EP1 expression but had no impact on HIF‐1α expression or activity. These data strongly implicate a role for HIF‐1α in hypoxia‐induced EP1 expression and may provide important insight into the mechanisms by which HIF‐1α regulates bone development and fracture repair. J. Cell. Biochem. 107: 233–239, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Artificial neural networks‐based approach to design ARIs using QSAR for diabetes mellitus
Authors: Patra Jagdish C. , Singh Onkar 
Published: April 2009

AbstractIn this article, in the first part, we propose an artificial neural network‐based intelligent technique to determine the quantitative structure‐activity relationship (QSAR) among known aldose reductase inhibitors (ARIs) for diabetes mellitus using two molecular descriptors, i.e., the electronegativity and molar volume of functional groups present in the main ARI lead structure. We have shown that the multilayer perceptron‐based model is capable of determining the QSAR quite satisfactorily, with highR‐value. Usually, the design of potent ARIs requires the use of complex computer docking and quantum mechanical (QM) steps involving excessive time and human judgement. In the second part of this article, to reduce the design cycle of potent ARIs, we propose a novel ANN technique to eliminate the computer docking and QM steps, to predict the total score. The MLP‐based QSAR models obtained in the first part are used to predict the potent ARIs, using the experimental data reported by Hu et al. (J Mol Graph Mod 2006, 24, 244). The proposed ANN‐based model can predict the total score with anR‐value of 0.88, which indicates that there exists a close match between the predicted and experimental total scores. Using the ANN model, we obtained 71 potent ARIs out of 6.25 million new ARI compounds created by substituting different functional groups at substituting sites of main lead structure of known ARI. Finally, using high bioactivity relationship and total score values, we determined four potential ARIs out of these 71 compounds. Interestingly, these four ARIs include the two potent ARIs reported by Hu et al. (J Mol Graph Mod 2006, 24, 244) who obtained these through the complex computer docking and QM steps. This fact indicates the effectiveness of our proposed ANN‐based technique. We suggest these four compounds to be the most promising candidates for ARIs to prevent the diabetic complications and further recommend for wet bench experiments to find their potential against ARin vitroandin vivo. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2009
Refinement of the primary hydration shell model for molecular dynamics simulations of large proteins
Authors: Hamaneh Mehdi Bagheri , Buck Matthias 
Published: April 2009

AbstractA realistic representation of water molecules is important in molecular dynamics simulation of proteins. However, the standard method of solvating biomolecules, that is, immersing them in a box of water with periodic boundary conditions, is computationally expensive. The primary hydration shell (PHS) method, developed more than a decade ago and implemented in CHARMM, uses only a thin shell of water around the system of interest, and so greatly reduces the computational cost of simulations. Applying the PHS method, especially to larger proteins, revealed that further optimization and a partial reworking was required and here we present several improvements to its performance. The model is applied to systems with different sizes, and both water and protein behaviors are compared with those observed in standard simulations with periodic boundary conditions and, in some cases, with experimental data. The advantages of the modified PHS method over its original implementation are clearly apparent when it is applied to simulating the 82 kDa protein Malate Synthase G. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 2009
All‐electron LCAO calculations of the LiF crystal phonon spectrum: Influence of the basis set, the exchange‐correlation functional, and the supercell size
Authors: Evarestov R. A. , Losev M. V. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractFor the first time the convergence of the phonon frequencies and dispersion curves in terms of the supercell size is studied in ab initio frozen phonon calculations on LiF crystal. Helmann–Feynman forces over atomic displacements are found in all‐electron calculations with the localized atomic functions (LCAO) basis using CRYSTAL06 program. The Parlinski–Li–Kawazoe method and FROPHO program are used to calculate the dynamical matrix and phonon frequencies of the supercells. For fcc lattice, it is demonstrated that use of the full supercell space group (including the supercell inner translations) enables to reduce essentially the number of the displacements under consideration. For Hartree–Fock (HF), PBE and hybrid PBE0, B3LYP, and B3PW exchange‐correlation functionals the atomic basis set optimization is performed. The supercells up to 216 atoms (3 × 3 × 3 conventional unit cells) are considered. The phonon frequencies using the supercells of different size and shape are compared. For the commensurate with supercell k‐points the best agreement of the theoretical results with the experimental data is found for B3PW exchange‐correlation functional calculations with the optimized basis set. The phonon frequencies at the most non‐commensurate k‐points converged for the supercell consisting of 4 × 4 × 4 primitive cells and ensures the accuracy 1–2% in the thermodynamic properties calculated (the Helmholtz free energy, entropy, and heat capacity at the room temperature). © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 2009
Use of PAT principles for the open‐loop control of laboratory and pilot‐scale chromatography columns
Authors: Chhatre S. , Bou‐Habib G. , Smith M.P. , Hoare M. , Bracewell D.G. , Titchener‐Hooker N.J. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: Recently, there has been increased interest in employing process analytical technologies (PAT) that combine an understanding of how operating parameters affect product quality together with real‐time analysis to achieve efficient process manipulation during operation and thereby ensure that product outputs meet specifications. Primarily intended as the basis of control strategies for full‐scale manufacturing systems, such techniques can bring significant benefits for steps such as chromatographic separations. Rapid at‐line monitoring of a target product can also enable the design of more sophisticated development trials than are generally used at present, whereby data gathered during development can be used to initiate the use of control techniques that drive a process to achieve target values for outputs such as yield or purity. Furthermore, the acquisition of rapid at‐line data also frees the operator from having to perform potentially laborious off‐line assays.RESULTS: To demonstrate the value of such an approach, a target product (alcohol dehydrogenase) produced in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and purified by hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) was monitored in real time by stopped‐flow analysis (SFA) every 45 s. The at‐line monitoring system of the HIC step used in both packed and expanded bed modes provided a visual description of product levels, facilitating a real‐time representation of yield.CONCLUSION: This PAT information enabled process control wherein the load cycle was regulated successfully to a pre‐specified set‐point to achieve a desired level of breakthrough and so ensure that the product met its target specification. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Solvent extraction of uranium from acidic sulfate media by Alamine® 336: computer simulation and optimization of the flow‐sheets
Authors: Collet Solène , Chagnes Alexandre , Courtaud Bruno , Thiry Jacques , Cote Gérard 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: A series of nine conventional and non‐conventional flow‐sheets have been considered for the recovery of uranium from acidic sulfate solution by liquid–liquid extraction with 0.146 mol L−1 Alamine® 336 in kerosene modified with 5% w/w 1‐tridecanol and stripping with a 199 g L−1 Na2CO3 solution. The reference flow‐sheet was a classical counter‐current configuration with four mixers–settlers in the extraction stage and three mixers–settlers in the stripping stage. The others flow‐sheets possessing a total of eight mixers–settlers are unusual combined solvent extraction flow‐sheets with one or two independent extraction stripping loops and with one or two feed inlets.RESULTS: The configuration of the flow‐sheets strongly influences the extraction performance of the process depending on the working conditions (feed, stripping and solvent flow rates). The presence of two independent extraction–stripping loops may allow the delay of the saturation phenomenon encountered in the conventional flow‐sheet and thus, to operate at higher feed flow rates without loss of performance, as far as the residual fraction in the raffinate and the concentration factor in the stripping solution are concerned. Furthermore, the presence of a modification in the non‐conventional flow‐sheets with two independent extraction–stripping loops and two feed inlets leads to interesting configurations for uranium recovery from less concentrated solutions, such as heap leach solutions.CONCLUSION: The use of non‐conventional flow‐sheets is interesting as it allows the process of uranium (VI) recovery by liquid–liquid extraction to be improved. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Evaluation of basidiomycetous fungi for pretreatment of contaminated soil
Authors: Valentín Lara , Kluczek‐Turpeinen Beata , Oivanen Pekka , Hatakka Annele , Steffen Kari , Tuomela Marja 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: For most dioxin‐contaminated sawmill soils, combustion is recommended. However, the process may be inefficient if the soil has a high organic matter content. The use of saprotrophic basidiomycetous fungi is an alternative for pretreatment of this kind of soil. A total of 147 fungi were evaluated for their ability to grow in sawmill soil. From this screening, the best soil colonizing fungi were selected to study their enzyme activities and degradation of soil organic matter. Pine (Pinus sylvestris) bark was used as a co‐substrate to propagate the fungi into the soil. The activities of manganese peroxidase (MnP), laccase, endo‐1,4‐β‐glucanase, endo‐1,4‐β‐xylanase, and endo‐1,4‐β‐mannanase were analysed from the inocula and fungal treated soil.RESULTS: The screening revealed that 56 out of 147 fungi were able to grow in non‐sterile soil, and most of them were litter‐decomposing fungi (LDF). In pine bark cultures, the highest enzyme activities were observed with Phanerochaete velutina, which produced 5 U g−1 of MnP. The activity of endo‐1,4‐β‐glucanase was generally higher than that of other hydrolytic enzymes. The highest carbon loss from soil with a high organic matter content was achieved by P. velutina (3.4%) and Stropharia rugosoannulata (2.4%).CONCLUSIONS: Many LDF, and in addition the white‐rot fungus P. velutina, are potential degraders of soil organic matter since they showed good growth and respiratory activity. Pine bark was a suitable lignocellulosic co‐substrate and a good promoter of MnP activity. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry