bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transgenic female mice producing trans 10, cis 12-conjugated linoleic acid present excessive prostaglandin E2, adrenaline, corticosterone, glucagon, and FGF21
Authors: Rao Yu , Liang Lu-Wen , Li Mei-Juan , Wang Yang-Yang , Wang Bao-Zhu , Gou Ke-Mian 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDietary trans 10, cis 12-conjugated linoleic acid (t10c12-CLA) is a potential candidate in anti-obesity trials. A transgenic mouse was previously successfully established to determine the anti-obesity properties of t10c12-CLA in male mice that could produce endogenous t10c12-CLA. To test whether there is a different impact of t10c12-CLA on lipid metabolism in both sexes, this study investigated the adiposity and metabolic profiles of female Pai mice that exhibited a dose-dependent expression of foreign Pai gene and a shift of t10c12-CLA content in tested tissues. Compared to their gender-match wild-type littermates, Pai mice had no fat reduction but exhibited enhanced lipolysis and thermogenesis by phosphorylated hormone-sensitive lipase and up-regulating uncoupling proteins in brown adipose tissue. Simultaneously, Pai mice showed hepatic steatosis and hypertriglyceridemia by decreasing gene expression involved in lipid and glucose metabolism. Further investigations revealed that t10c10-CLA induced excessive prostaglandin E2, adrenaline, corticosterone, glucagon and inflammatory factors in a dose-dependent manner, resulting in less heat release and oxygen consumption in Pai mice. Moreover, fibroblast growth factor 21 overproduction only in monoallelic Pai/wt mice indicates that it was sensitive to low doses of t10c12-CLA. These results suggest that chronic t10c12-CLA has system-wide effects on female health via synergistic actions of various hormones.
Proteomic analysis of sperm from fertile stallions and subfertile stallions due to impaired acrosomal exocytosis
Authors: Hernández-Avilés Camilo , Ramírez-Agámez Luisa , Weintraub Susan T. , Scoggin Charles F. , Davis Brian W. , Raudsepp Terje , Varner Dickson D. , Love Charles C. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThoroughbred stallions that carry a double-homozygous genotype A/A-A/A for SNPs rs397316122 and rs69101140 in exon 5 of the FKBP6 gene (chr13; EquCab3.0) are uniquely subfertile due to impaired acrosomal exocytosis (IAE). In this study, the sperm proteome in frozen/thawed semen from subfertile Thoroughbred stallions was studied and compared to that of frozen/thawed sperm from fertile Thoroughbred stallions. A total of 2,220 proteins was identified, of which 140 proteins were found to be differentially abundant in sperm from the subfertile stallions compared to that of fertile stallions (83 less and 57 more abundant). Proteins of differential abundance in sperm from the subfertile stallions were mainly overrepresented in the “metabolism” and the “metabolism of lipids” pathways. One of these proteins, arylsulfatase F (ARSF), was studied by immunofluorescence. A lower proportion of sperm displaying ARSF signal at the acrosome region was observed in sperm from subfertile Thoroughbred stallions. In addition, heterologous zona pellucida binding assays revealed that sperm from subfertile Thoroughbred stallions bound at a lower proportion to zonae pellucidae than sperm from fertile Thoroughbred stallions. In conclusion, a group of differential abundance proteins, including some of acrosome origin, were identified in sperm from subfertile stallions with acrosome dysfunction.
A combined theoretical and experimental approach to determine the right choice of co-ligand to impart spin crossover in Fe(ii) complexes based on 1,3,4-oxadiazole ligands
Authors: Sundaresan Sriram , Eppelsheimer Julian , Gera Esha , Wiener Lukas , Carrella Luca M. , Vignesh Kuduva R. , Rentschler Eva 
Published: May 2024

It is discussed why for the Fe(ii) complexes [Fe(LTetra-Py/Ph-ODA)(NCE)] with E = S, Se and BH3 only the latter revealed SCO.
Atox1-cyclin D1 loop activity is critical for survival of tumor cells with inactivated TP53
Authors: Kuchur Oleg A. , Pogodaeva Sofya S. , Shcherbakova Anna V. , Tsymbal Segrey A. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The search for relevant molecular targets is one of the main tasks of modern tumor chemotherapy. To successfully achieve this, it is necessary to have the most complete understanding of the functioning of a transcriptional apparatus of the cell, particularly related to proliferation. The p53 protein plays an important role in regulating processes such as apoptosis, repair, and cell division, and the loss of its functionality often accompanies various types of tumors and contributes to the development of chemoresistance. Additionally, the proliferative activity of tumor cells is closely related to the metabolism of transition metals. For example, the metallochaperone Atox1 – a copper transporter protein – acts as a transcription activator for cyclin D1, promoting progression through the G1/S phase of the cell cycle. On the other hand, p53 suppresses cyclin D1 at the transcriptional level, thereby these proteins have divergent effects on cell cycle progression. However, the contribution of the interaction between these proteins to cell survival is poorly understood. This work demonstrates that not only exists a positive feedback loop between Atox1 and cyclin D1 but also that the activity of this loop depends on the status of the TP53 gene. Upon inactivation of TP53 in A549 and HepG2 cell lines, the expression of ATOX1 and CCND1 genes is enhanced, and their suppression in these cells leads to pronounced apoptosis. This fundamental observation may be useful in selecting more precise interventions for combined therapy of p53-negative tumors.
Insights into the regulation of malate dehydrogenase: inhibitors, activators, and allosteric modulation by small molecules
Authors: Martinez-Vaz Betsy M. , Howard Alicia L. , Jamburuthugoda Varuni K. , Callahan Kevin P. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Cellular metabolism comprises a complex network of biochemical anabolic and catabolic processes that fuel the growth and survival of living organisms. The enzyme malate dehydrogenase (MDH) is most known for its role in oxidizing malate to oxaloacetate (OAA) in the last step of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, but it also participates in the malate-aspartate shuttle in the mitochondria as well as the glyoxylate cycle in plants. These pathways and the specific reactions within them are dynamic and must be carefully calibrated to ensure a balance between nutrient/energy supply and demand. MDH structural and functional complexity requires a variety of regulatory mechanisms, including allosteric regulation, feedback, and competitive inhibition, which are often dependent on whether the enzyme is catalyzing its forward or reverse reaction. Given the role of MDH in central metabolism and its potential as a target for therapeutics in both cancer and infectious diseases, there is a need to better understand its regulation. The involvement of MDH in multiple pathways makes it challenging to identify which effectors are critical to its activity. Many of the in vitro experiments examining MDH regulation were done decades ago, and though allosteric sites have been proposed, none to date have been specifically mapped. This review aims to provide an overview of the current knowledge surrounding MDH regulation by its substrate, products, and other intermediates of the TCA cycle while highlighting all the gaps in our understanding of its regulatory mechanisms.
Modifications of astrophysical ices induced by cosmic rays
Authors: Mejía C. , de Barros A. L. F. , Domaracka A. , Boduch P. , Rothard H. , da Silveira E. F. 
Published: May 2024

Aims. Astrophysical ices on dust grain mantles in the interstellar medium (ISM) and dense circumstellar envelopes (CSEs) are continuously exposed to galactic cosmic rays (GCRs). In a laboratory setting, we studied the physical and chemical modifications of ice layers induced by energetic heavy ions as GCR analogues. The ice layers used have a molecular composition similar to that of icy grain mantles.
Methods. Mixtures of H2O:CO:CH3OH molecules (percentages 73:24:3, 68:30:3, and 58:38:3) were condensed on a substrate at 15 K and irradiated with 40 MeV 58Ni11+ ion beams. Irradiation-induced modifications were followed using the mid-infrared absorption spectroscopy technique.
Results. We observed the evolution of infrared bands of CO2, HCO, HCOOH, CH4, H2CO,H2O2, and more complex synthesised molecules. From the molecular column densities, cross-sections and sputtering yields were determined and compared to published results of water and carbon monoxide. Analysis of the chemical modifications reveals that the precursors are easily destroyed when they are in a molecular mixture, while others are desorbed.
Conclusions. The main radiolitic modifications induced by GCR irradiations are molecular decomposition and sputtering. Extrapolation to astrophysical radiation conditions shows a strong dependence on the intensity of the GCR distributions at low energies, which allows the analysis of the ice evolution at timescales comparable to those of the ISM and CSE.
Filament eruption by multiple reconnections
Authors: Liu Y. , Ruan G. P. , Schmieder B. , Guo J. H. , Chen Y. , Zheng R. S. , Su J. T. , Wang B. 
Published: May 2024

Context. Filament eruption is a common phenomenon in solar activity, but the triggering mechanism is not well understood.
Aims. We focus our study on a filament eruption located in a complex nest of three active regions close to a coronal hole.
Methods. The filament eruption is observed at multiple wavelengths: by the Global Oscillation Network Group (GONG), the Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory (STEREO), the Solar Upper Transition Region Imager (SUTRI), and the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) and Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) on board the Solar Dynamic Observatory (SDO). Thanks to high-temporal-resolution observations, we were able to analyze the evolution of the fine structure of the filament in detail. The filament changes direction during the eruption, which is followed by a halo coronal mass ejection detected by the Large Angle Spectrometric Coronagraph (LASCO) on board the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO). A Type III radio burst was also registered at the time of the eruption. To investigate the process of the eruption, we analyzed the magnetic topology of the filament region adopting a nonlinear force-free-field (NLFFF) extrapolation method and the polytropic global magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) modeling. We modeled the filament by embedding a twisted flux rope with the regularized Biot-Savart Laws (RBSL) method in the ambient magnetic field.
Results. The extrapolation results show that magnetic reconnection occurs in a fan-spine configuration resulting in a circular flare ribbon. The global modeling of the corona demonstrates that there was an interaction between the filament and open field lines, causing a deflection of the filament in the direction of the observed CME eruption and dimming area.
Conclusions. The modeling supports the following scenario: magnetic reconnection not only occurs with the filament itself (the flux rope) but also with the background magnetic field lines and open field lines of the coronal hole located to the east of the flux rope. This multiwavelength analysis indicates that the filament undergoes multiple magnetic reconnections on small and large scales with a drifting of the flux rope.
Rapid optical flare in the extreme teraelectronvolt blazar 1ES 0229+200 on intraday timescales with the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite
Authors: Kishore S. , Gupta A. C. , Wiita P. J. , Tiwari S. N. 
Published: May 2024

Context.The extreme teraelectronvolt (TeV) blazar 1ES 0229+200 is a high-frequency-peaked BL Lacertae object. It has not shown intraday variability in extensive optical and X-ray observations, nor has it shown any significant variability on any measurable timescale in the 1–100 GeV energy range over a 14-year span; however, variations in the source flux around its average are present in the energy range above 200 GeV.Aims.We aim to search for intraday optical variability in 1ES 0229+200 as part of an ongoing project to search for variability and quasi-periodic oscillations in the high-cadence (2 min), nearly uniformly sampled optical light curves of blazars provided by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS).Methods.1ES 0229+200 was monitored by TESS in its Sectors 42, 43, and 44. We analysed the data of all these three sectors both with the TESS-providedlightkurvesoftware and theeleanorreduction pipeline. We detected a strong, essentially symmetric flare that lasted about 6 h in Sector 42. We fitted the flare’s rising and declining phases to exponential functions. We also analysed the light curve of Sector 42 using the Lomb-Scargle periodogram (LSP) and continuous auto-regressive moving average (CARMA) methods.Results.The optical light curve of Sector 42 of the TESS observations displayed in the present work provides the first evidence of a strong, rapid, short-lived optical flare on the intraday timescale in the TeV blazar 1ES 0229+200. The variability timescale of the flare provides the upper limit for the size of the emission region to be within (3.3 ± 0.2–8.3 ± 0.5)×1015cm. Away from the flare, the slope of the periodogram’s power spectrum is fairly typical of many blazars (α < 2), but the nominal slopes for the flaring regions are very steep (α ∼ 4.3), which may indicate that the electron distribution undergoes a sudden change. We discuss possible emission mechanisms that could explain this substantial and rapid flare.
Inflammatory biomarkers are correlated with thrombus burden in cerebral venous sinus thrombosis
Authors: Yaman Kula Aslı , Kurtoğlu Ahmet Volkan , Güzel Vildan , Balsak Serdar , Yabacı Tak Ayşegül , Asil Talip 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background Increasing evidence suggests that inflammatory biomarkers play a significant role in cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST). The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) are related to thrombotic conditions and indicators of systemic inflammation.
Objective To analyze the correlation between inflammatory biomarkers and the extent of thrombus, determined by the CVST-Score.
Methods A total of 40 patients with CVST (24 female subjects; 60%) and 40 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were retrospectively evaluated. Inflammatory biomarkers, including C-reactive protein (CRP), PLR, NLR, MLR, and the CVST-Score, were recorded to assess the relationship between biomarkers and thrombus burden. The patients were grouped according to symptom duration (group 1: 0–3 days; group 2: 4–7 days; and group 3: 8–30 days) to compare biomarker levels.
Results The CRP, NLR, and PLR were significantly higher in the CVST group (p < 0.001; p = 0.003; p = 0.014 respectively). The NLR and PLR presented a significant positive correlation with the CVST-Score (p = 0.003, r = 0.464; p = 0.040, r = 0.326 respectively). The NLR was significantly higher in group 1 compared with groups 2 and 3 (p = 0.016 and p = 0.014 respectively). In group 1, there was a stronger positive correlation between the CVST-Score and the NLR (p = 0.026, r = 0.591) and the PLR (p = 0.012, r = 0.648). The multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the NLR is a key factor in predicting the CVST-Score (p = 0.019).
Conclusion The NLR and PLR are associated with thrombus burden in CVST, especially in patients admitted to the hospital in the early stages. The NLR is an independent factor to predict the thrombus burden in CVST.
Linking crises: inter-crisis learning and the European Commission’s approach to the National Recovery and Resilience Plans
Authors: Angelou Angelos 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe article examines potential linkages between the management of the Eurozone crisis and the EU’s economic response to the COVID-19 pandemic. It does so by focusing on the Commission and its approach to conditionality-based lending. The analysis employs the concept of inter-crisis learning to argue that the lessons the Commission drew from the Eurozone crisis informed its conditionality-related proposals for the National Recovery and Resilience Plans (NRRPs). By using qualitative data, including eight elite interviews, the article suggests that the Commission derived lessons regarding the design, negotiation, implementation, and monitoring of conditionality programs. These lessons led to cognitive changes within the organisation and to behavioral changes that were reflected in its proposals regarding the conditionality attached to NRRPs. The article contributes to the literature examining the EU’s economic response to the pandemic by discussing the Commission’s drivers and preferences during that period. It also complements the literature on coordinative Europeanisation by offering insights on how the European Commission shapes its proposals on conditionality-based lending; a central element of its relationship with member states when it comes to crisis management. Finally, it discusses the implications of the article’s main thesis for the process of European integration.
Accumulation of organic carbon was limited to the surface of a duplex soil in the mixed farming zone of south-eastern Australia
Authors: Conyers Mark K. , Li Guangdi D. , Poile Graeme J. , Oates Albert , Helyar Keith R. , Rohan Maheswaran 
Published: May 2024

Context The goal of increasing sequestration of carbon (C) in soil assumes that management factors can be as influential as intrinsic factors such as climate and parent material. Aim The hypotheses tested in this study were (i) that soil C would increase more in limed than in unlimed pasture treatments, and (ii) that well-managed perennial pasture treatments would accumulate soil C to a greater depth than annual pasture treatments. Method An 18-year field experiment was conducted on a duplex soil in the mixed farming zone of south-eastern Australia. The experiment contained four treatment contrasts: limed and unlimed perennial and annual pasture systems. Soils samples to 120 cm were taken annually and analysed for C and nitrogen (N) concentrations. Soil C and N stocks were calculated. Key results The four treatments produced a similar annual rate of increase in soil C concentration and C stocks. The increase in C stock was confined to the surface 30 cm of soil in all four treatments, leading to the rejection of both hypotheses. Nitrogen concentration and N stocks to 30 cm depth increased significantly over the 18 years, with no difference among treatments. Conclusion Pasture land use increased soil C storage by ~700 kg ha−1 year−1; however, the increase was confined to the surface soil. Implication The soil C sequestered in this duplex soil is vulnerable to erosion. The co-retained N might have more value from both production and environmental perspectives.
Word segmentation granularity in Korean
Authors: Park Jungyeul , Kim Mija 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This paper describes word segmentation granularity in Korean language processing. From a word separated by blank
space, which is termed an eojeol, to a sequence of morphemes in Korean, there are multiple possible levels of word segmentation
granularity in Korean. For specific language processing and corpus annotation tasks, several different granularity levels have
been proposed and utilized, because the agglutinative languages including Korean language have a one-to-one mapping between
functional morpheme and syntactic category. Thus, we analyze these different granularity levels, presenting the examples of Korean
language processing systems for future reference. Interestingly, the granularity by separating only functional morphemes including
case markers and verbal endings, and keeping other suffixes for morphological derivation results in the optimal performance for
phrase structure parsing. This contradicts previous best practices for Korean language processing, which has been the de facto
standard for various applications that require separating all morphemes.
Analytical model and precise evaluation of multi-layer magnetic shielding performances considering ultra-weak magnetic properties
Authors: Xu Xueping , Wu Weiwei , Zhao Zhenkai , Liu Wei , Sun Jinji 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Regarding the vast difference between the design index and the actual performance of magnetic shielding devices, this paper proposes a novel method of using precise permeability under a specific weak magnetic field, aiming to improve the design accuracy of shielding performance. Firstly, the relative permeability of the permalloy is measured under the applied magnetic field from the geomagnetic field down to 1 nT. Next, the precise shielding coefficient formulas of the single- and double-layer spherical shells are derived. For the double-layer spherical shells, the deviation of remanence between considering the ultra-weak magnetic properties and using the constant permeability is 24.3%. This clarifies the necessity of considering the ultra-weak magnetic properties in multi-layer structures. Then, a new accurate method of the shielding coefficient for the finite-length magnetic shielding cylinder is proposed, with a deviation of less than 5%. Finally, this method has been validated again by remanence measurement of the three-layer magnetic shielding cylinders. The deviation between simulation and experiment is 4.03% when considering the ultra-weak magnetic properties. While using the constant permeability, the deviation is as high as 19.31%. Therefore, considering the ultra-weak magnetic properties in multi-layer structures can significantly improve the accuracy of the performance evaluation.
Fault identification of centrifugal pump using WGAN-GP method with unbalanced datasets based on kinematics simulation and experimental case
Authors: Li Qing , Chu Liying , Sun Qiang , Tang Yanning , Zhang Yaping 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In practical engineering applications, the accuracy and stability of fault identification for centrifugal pump will be significantly reduced due to unbalanced distribution between normal and fault datasets, i.e., the number of normal working samples is far more than the fault samples. To alleviate this bottleneck issue, this paper explores the fault identification of centrifugal pump based on Wasserstein generative adversarial network with gradient penalty (WGAN-GP) through combining kinematics simulation and experimental case. Specifically, ideal unbalanced vibration datasets from failure patterns such as damaged impeller of centrifugal pump are simulated and collected by prototype ADAMS software, then the unbalanced vibration signals are transformed into 2D grey-scale images. Furtherly, the generated grey-scale image datasets are feed into the original grey-scale image dataset as new datasets for training when the Nash equilibrium of the WGAN-GP model is reached. Eventually, the fault patterns of centrifugal pump are identified using confusion matrix graph. Meanwhile, another public dataset of centrifugal pump is employed for verifying the accuracy of the WGAN-GP model. Results indicate that fault identification accuracies with 95.07% and 98.0% of both kinematics simulation and experimental case are obtained, respectively, and the issues of unbalanced distribution and insufficient dataset can be overcome effectively.