bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Self-etchant pH on Shear Bond Strength of Orthodontic Brackets: An in vitro Study
Authors: Shivalinga BM , Jyothikiran H , Goyal Amit 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT

Aims
To determine the effect of self-etchant pH on shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets; to compare the shear bond strengths of brackets bonded with three SEPs and brackets bonded with conventional etch, rinse, bond method and to find the brackets/adhesive failure mode.

Materials and methods
One hundred and twenty premolar teeth were cleaned, mounted, and randomly divided into four groups of 30 samples each- Transbond XT conventional etch and bond system (control), Adper SE Plus SEP (3M ESPE) with a pH of 0.9 to 1.0, Transbond Plus SEP (3M Unitek) with a pH of about 1.0 and Clearfil SE Bond SEP (Kuraray America) with a pH of around 2.0. All teeth were bonded with Transbond XT paste (3M Unitek). The teeth were debonded within half an hour after initial bonding by using a universal testing machine. The residual adhesive on each tooth was evaluated. ANOVA was used to compare the shear bond strength (SBS) of the three groups, and the Chi-square test was used to compare the adhesive remnant index (ARI) scores for the three groups.

Results
ANOVA indicated significant differences between the groups. Clearfil attained the SBS (6.5 ± 0.6689 MPa) closest to the control group, whereas Adper inspite of being the most aggressive recorded the lowest SBS (5.7 ± 0.5695 MPa). Transbond self-etching primer achieved a mean SBS of 6.1 ± 0.6211 MPa. However, all the three SEPs recorded SBS which was significantly less than that of Transbond conventional etch, rinse and bond system (11.8027 ± 0.8059 MPa). The comparisons of the ARI scores between the three groups indicated that bracket failure mode was significantly different between the three groups (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
These findings show that factors other than pH, such as the ability of the bonding adhesive to form a chemical bond to enamel and the strength of the bonding adhesive itself, significantly influence the SBS of orthodontic brackets.

How to cite this article
Goyal A, Jyothikiran H, Shivalinga BM. Effect of Self-etchant pH on Shear Bond Strength of Orthodontic Brackets: An in vitro Study. World J Dent 2012;3(1):41-49.
Behavior Assessment Amid Children Aged 0 to 3 Years in Dental Institution
Authors: Kiran K , Dwivedi Swati , Vashisth Pallavi , Bhatia Virag 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT
The study was conducted to evaluate the behavior of children in age group of 0 to 3 years in dental institution. Sample sizes of 432 were selected randomly for the study, between age group of 0 to 3 years. They were divided into six groups according to their age: Group I—0 to 6 months; Group II—7 to 12 months; Group III—13 to 18 months; Group IV—19 to 24 months; Group V—25 to 30 months; Group VI—31 to 36 months. The behavior of the child was observed while his/her entrance in the dental department and during the first four clinical appointments with a clinical examination and oral hygiene therapy. The child was classified as collaborative behavior (CB) and noncollaborative behavior (NCB). Statistical analysis was performed using Pearson's Chi-square test (p < 0.005). Result showed that babies from 0 to 6 months showed a favorable behavior; babies from 7 to 30 months showed unfavorable behavior; and babies from 31 to 36 months showed no statistically significant difference between the percentage of collaborative and noncollaborative behavior.

How to cite this article
Kiran K, Dwivedi S, Vashisth P, Bhatia V. Behavior Assessment Amid Children Aged 0 to 3 Years in Dental Institution. World J Dent 2012;3(1):50-54.
Immunofluorescence in Oral Pathology—Part II: Pathology and Immunofluorescent Patterns in Subepidermal Immunobullous Disorders
Authors: Premalatha BR , Rao Roopa S , Mysorekar Vijaya 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACTThe immunobullous disorders are a group of autoimmune diseases in which components of the epidermis and basement membrane zone are targeted, resulting in the formation of cutaneous and mucosal blisters. Based on the level of blistering, the autoimmune blistering diseases may be subdivided into intraepidermal and subepidermal. An exhaustive list of immunobullous disorders is beyond the scope of this review, but those involving oral mucosa are taken into consideration.One major group namely the subepidermal immunobullous diseases which includes bullous pemphigoid (BP), mucosal pemphigoid [cicatricial pemphigoid (CP) or (MMP)], epidermolysis bullosa acquisita (EBA) linear IgA bullous disease (LABD) are discussed in this section. The diagnosis of these diseases requires clinicopathological correlation; immunofluorescence methods provide a useful adjunct to light microscopy. These methods entail the use of fluorescein-linked antibodies to immunoglobulins, complement components, or other proteins either in the skin biopsy or sera. In continuation with part I, the immunofluorescence patterns in the above listed immunobullous disorders are reviewed in detail with a summary of pathogenesis and characteristic histopathological findings.How to cite this articleRao RS, Premalatha BR, Mysorekar V. Immunofluorescence in Oral Pathology—Part II: Pathology and Immunofluorescent Patterns in Subepidermal Immunobullous Disorders. World J Dent 2012;3(1):68-73.
Distal Extension Removable Partial Denture with Resilient Attachment Connected to an Anterior Fixed Implant-Supported Prosthesis: A Clinical Report
Authors: Zavanelli Adriana Cristina , Mazaro José Vitor Quinelli , Zavanelli Recardo Alexandre , Guilherme Adérico Santana , Magalhães Jaqueline Barbosa , de Carvalho Cardoso Leandro 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT

Background
Considering the limited qualitative and quantitative bone in the posterior arch, this modality of prosthetic treatment could provide a positive emotional factor reestablished by immovability of the anterior fixed implant-supported segment.

Objective
This clinical report demonstrates the possibility of achieving positive results with a removable partial denture connected to an implant-supported fixed prosthesis associated to an extra resilient attachment.

Clinical significance
In cases of posterior mandibular and maxilla atrophy added to the patients desire against the bone graft, this kind of prosthetic treatment has an important place as an alternative.

How to cite this article
Zavanelli RA, Mazaro JVQ, Guilherme AS, Magalhães JB, de Carvalho Cardoso L, Zavanelli AC. Distal Extension Removable Partial Denture with Resilient Attachment Connected to an Anterior Fixed Implant-Supported Prosthesis: A Clinical Report. World J Dent 2012;3(1):87-90.
Tooth Fragment Reattachment: An Esthetic, Biological Restoration
Authors: Kararia Nitin , Chaudhary Ajay , Kararia Vandana 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT
Coronal fractures of the anterior teeth are a common form of dental trauma. If the original tooth fragment is retained following fracture, reattachment of the fractured fragment to the remaining tooth can provide better and long-lasting esthetics, improved function, a positive psychological response and is a faster and less complicated procedure. This paper reports on two coronal tooth fracture cases that were successfully treated using adhesive reattachment technique.

How to cite this article
Kararia N, Chaudhary A, Kararia V. Tooth Fragment Reattachment: An Esthetic, Biological Restoration. World J Dent 2012;3(1):91-94.
Root Canal Treatment of a Mandibular Second Molar with a Reverse Anatomy
Authors: Majety Kishore Kumar , Halebathi Ramesh Giriyappa , Gandhi Bhavana 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT
The complex anatomy of the root canal system takes up many configurations and variations are not uncommon. A clinician should be aware of the normal, so as to recognize these aberrations in the anatomy. Successful root canal therapy is achieved by thorough shaping and cleaning of the root canal system followed by obturation of the radicular space. The aim of the present article is to describe a case of a mandibular second molar with an unusual anatomy of having a single mesial canal and two distal canals which is in reverse to usually seen, encountered during routine endodontic treatment. The clinician should always keep in mind that anatomic aberrations can occur in any tooth and the recognition of these is achieved by thorough examination of the internal anatomy of the tooth and its radiographs.

How to cite this article
Giriyappa RH, Majety KK, Gandhi B. Root Canal Treatment of a Mandibular Second Molar with a Reverse Anatomy. World J Dent 2012;3(1):97-99.
Application of Hounsfield Unit to evaluate Prognosis of a Rehabilitated Tooth with Grade Three Mobility
Authors: Hegde Nidharsh D , Shrivastava Deepali 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT
The relationship between pulpal and periodontal disease was first described by Simring and Goldberg in 1964. Pathological agents pass between the pulp and periodontium, thereby creating the endoperio lesion. Lateral canals play an important role in the spread of infection from pulp to periodontium. This article reports a case of a 38-year-old patient with a combined endoperio lesion. Bone density is a key factor in predicting bone healing. Application of Hounsfield unit to determine the healing pattern of bone.

How to cite this article
Hegde MN, Hegde ND, Shrivastava D. Application of Hounsfield Unit to evaluate Prognosis of a Rehabilitated Tooth with Grade Three Mobility. World J Dent 2012;3(1):109-111.
Dentin Bonding Agents-II Recent Trials
Authors: Kakar Surbhi , Nagar Rohit 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT
Most modern adhesive systems are superior to their predecessors, especially in terms of retention that is no longer the main cause of premature clinical failure. Recent adhesives also appear less sensitive to substrate and other clinical covariables. Various recent trials have been conducted on various issues like the antibacterial properties of self-ethching dental adhesive system (which are effective against bacteria that invade through microleakage at the resin dentin interphase), shear bond strength of composite resin to dentin, using newer dentin bonding agents, nanoleakege expression in bonded dentin and next generation bonding agents.
This paper gives the insight to the various recent trials on dental adhesive systems.

How to cite this article
Kakar S, Goswami M, Nagar R. Dentin Bonding Agents-II Recent Trials. World J Dent 2012;3(1): 115-118.
Preparation and Use of Fibrin Composite as a Hard Tissue Graft Material: An Animal Study
Authors: Kandasamy Baburajan , Padmanabhan TV , Sridhar R 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT
As the saying goes-without the wall or base, no treasure of art can be incorporated Alveolar ridge forms the basic infrastructure for a successful denture. But resorption is inevitable sequelae of extraction.
Various graft materials have been used to improve the alveolar ridge. Hydroxyapatite is the most commonly used bone graft material. The main disadvantage of hydroxyapatite is the particle displacement leading to inadequate ridge form.
Fibrin and collagen have been used as sealants in many surgeries. So it is prudent to combine fibrillar collagen and hydroxyapatite and utilize this material as an effective graft.
The objective of this study is to study the usefulness of fibrin-fibrillar collagen hydroxyapatite composite as a graft material for the repair of experimentally created bony defects.
Occlusal Plane Analyzer: A Customized Device for Determining the Occlusal Plane
Authors: Gupta Rubina 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT
Since times immemorial, dentists have faced the challenge of providing accord between function and esthetics. The occlusal plane, lost in patients rendered edentulous, should be relocated if complete dentures are to be esthetically and functionally satisfactory.
Changes in the plane of occlusion modify the physical and functional relationship of the oral musculature leading to an alteration in function, comfort and also the esthetic value.
Considering the importance of the accurate establishment of the location and the effect of the inclination of the established occlusal plane on function, esthetics and speech, a method to conform it to the occlusal plane that existed in the natural teeth seems necessary.
This paper describes a custom-made instrument to check for the parallelism of ala-tragus line to the occlusal plane and also to check for the parallelism of occlusal plane to interpupillary line.
Personal Identification using Complete Dentures
Authors: Banerjee Saurav , Gupta Tapas , Banerjee Ardhendu 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT
Personal identification is an indispensable requirement for forensic and medicolegal investigations or, in case of an accident, loss of memory, states of unconsciousness being inadvertently misplaced on admission to a hospital or in identifying bodies of those who have died in a calamity. Positive identification through labeled dentures plays a key role in the above-mentioned scenario. The importance of denture identification has long been accredited by the dental profession and various denture identification systems have been reported in the literature. This clinical report highlights a technique of denture identification wherein a used IOPA lead foil with patient details engraved is incorporated within the heat polymerized resin during the processing of the denture.
Formação docente e educação a distância: um estudo do cenário educativo de Santa Catarina
Authors: Moré Rafael Pereira Ocampo , Vieira Grace Tavares , De Araújo Márcia Santiago , Costa Alexandre Marino 
Published: May 2012

A formação docente é fator preponderante na luta pela qualidade na educação do Brasil. A partir da promulgação da Lei de Diretrizes e Bases (LDB), em 1996, tem-se o desafio de formar novos professores e, para isso, verifica-se na Educação a Distância (EaD) uma excelente alternativa de acesso à educação superior pública. A EaD é definida como proposta educativa que utiliza tecnologias para diminuir a distância entre as Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) e os alunos, e é nesse contexto que surge a Universidade Aberta do Brasil (UAB), que atualmente é a principal política de formação docente por meio da EaD. O objetivo do trabalho é apresentar as políticas de formação docente inseridas no estado de Santa Catarina, sendo detalhada a UAB no cenário brasileiro e catarinense e analisada a inserção de TICs nas escolas catarinense como mecanismo de promoção e estímulo ao uso da EaD como proposta educativa.
Proposing a Training Evaluation Strategy to Ensure Training Transfer in Public Sector Organizations in Pakistan: An exploratory Account
Authors: Khalid Muhammad Maqsood , Ashraf Muhammad , Azeem Muhammad , Ahmed Rahil Irfan , Ahmad Hafiz Nabeel 
Published: May 2012

Purpose For human resources development training is a key scheme in attaining organization objectives. Evaluating training outcome is low in public organizations of Pakistan. This situation demands a viable training strategy based on systematic flow of processes and techniques to develop the workforce for practical application in job environment. This study addresses a doable training assessment strategy to ensure training effectiveness in public organizations of Pakistan. Design The study approach is based on theoretical phenomenon. It is a review of old and current approaches of training evaluation. The strategy presented in this study is based on critical review of diverse approaches to training evaluation to inculcate quality and bring improvement in training programs conducted in developing country environment such as Pakistan. Findings In Pakistani public organizations, there is no trend by this time to formally evaluate training outcome. But this unstable state of affairs will not last long. In future they will need to know what cost they incurred on training and what benefits did they acquire. This is essential to get training quality. This study addresses the policy makers in both public and private sectors of Pakistan to respond to the proposed training strategy as an innovative move to instill training as a thought provoking and willingly participative activity. Research Limitations This study is limited to assess training and evaluation needs of public organizations and their employees in Pakistan. Practical Implications In the awake of financial crisis and long debts, Pakistan needs to save every penny and must not give away any investment. This study invites public organizations to consider the proposed training assessment strategy for practical implementation. This study offers assistance to evaluation activities and presents solutions to gaps in performance and skill. Originality/value This study will contribute to the debate on training evaluation methods and techniques and finds its originality from literature review to conceive a training evaluation strategy and to develop a practicable methodology to judge training effectiveness. Keywords Public organizations, training assessment, evaluation, effectiveness, strategy,
Analysis of Factors Affecting Technology Acceptance by Iranian Movie Producers
Authors: Javadi Mohammad Hossain Moshref , Allameh Mohsen , Zare Arash 
Published: May 2012

Since investment on cinematic technologies imposes excessive costs on authorities, acceptance of these technologies among its users has an important role in their success and final efficiency. The purpose of this study was to analyze factors influencing on acceptance of technology among Tehran cinematic artists. In this study, at first, by collecting information from the library, determinant variables of usage of new technologies were specified. On this basis, in addition to the variables of model of acceptance of technology, social influence, resistance to change and self- efficacy were studied. In next stage, for surveying the effect of studied components, closed- end 27- items questionnaire was used for collecting data. The measurement tools in this study were the established questionnaire made of a technology acceptance model. The number of sample was determined equal to 211 according to the preliminary study that samples included Tehran cinematic actors. Based on the results, all variables, except for resistance to change and self- efficacy of computer that had meaningful difference less than average, other had meaningful difference more or equal to average. Mean difference of attitude toward usage of technology and of social influence was meaningful in different graduate ranges and mean of other factors shows no meaningful difference in different graduate ranges. All assumptions were confirmed in 5% meaningful level. Keywords: Technology Acceptance Model, Cinema, Social Influence, Resistance to Change, Self- Efficacy.
Rilonacept (interleukin‐1 trap) for prevention of gout flares during initiation of uric acid–lowering therapy: Results from a phase III randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, confirmatory efficacy study
Authors: Schumacher H. Ralph , Evans Robert R. , Saag Kenneth G. , Clower James , Jennings William , Weinstein Steven P. , Yancopoulos George D. , Wang Jian , Terkeltaub Robert 
Published: May 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of the interleukin‐1 inhibitor rilonacept (interleukin‐1 Trap) for gout flare prevention during initiation of uric acid–lowering therapy (ULT).MethodsIn total, 241 adult patients with gout, ≥2 gout flares within the past year, and a serum urate level ≥7.5 mg/dl were initiated on allopurinol 300 mg daily and randomly allocated in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive 16 once‐weekly subcutaneous injections of placebo, rilonacept 80 mg, or rilonacept 160 mg, with a double (loading) dose on day 1. Allopurinol was titrated to achieve a serum urate level of <6.0 mg/dl. The study was powered for the primary efficacy end point, the number of gout flares per patient through week 16.ResultsMore patients in the rilonacept groups (80.0% in the rilonacept 80 mg group, 86.4% in the rilonacept 160 mg group) completed the study than in the placebo group (72.5%; P < 0.05 for the rilonacept 160 mg group versus the placebo group). Over 16 weeks, the mean number of gout flares per patient was significantly reduced by rilonacept treatment (placebo: 1.06, rilonacept 80 mg: 0.29 [P < 0.001], rilonacept 160 mg: 0.21 [P < 0.001]). Significantly lower proportions of patients reported ≥1 gout flares with rilonacept 80 mg (18.8%) and rilonacept 160 mg (16.3%) relative to placebo (46.8%; P < 0.001 for both). Except for injection site reactions (1.3% in the placebo group versus 8.8% in the rilonacept 80 mg group [P = 0.0635, post hoc analysis] and 19.8% in the rilonacept 160 mg group [P = 0.0001, post hoc analysis]), the incidence of adverse events was generally balanced among the treatment groups.ConclusionRilonacept markedly reduced the occurrence of gout flares associated with the initiation of ULT. The efficacy and safety profile suggests that rilonacept may have the potential to improve long‐term disease control for some patients by improving adherence to ULT by reducing flares during the first months after ULT initiation.
Physicians' explanations for apparent gaps in the quality of rheumatology care: Results from the US Medicare Physician Quality Reporting System
Authors: Curtis Jeffrey R. , Sharma Pradeep , Arora Tarun , Bharat Aseem , Barnes Itara , Morrisey Michael A. , Kilgore Meredith , Saag Kenneth G. , Wright Nicole C. , Yun Huifen G. , Delzell Elizabeth 
Published: May 2012

AbstractObjectiveThe metrics used to assess quality of care and pay for performance in rheumatology are increasingly important. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services established the Physician Quality Reporting System (PQRS) to allow physicians to report performance measures for many conditions, including osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We described the frequency and nature of physician‐reported reasons why recommended care for individual osteoporosis and RA patients was not provided.MethodsUsing national data on Medicare fee‐for‐service beneficiaries (2007–2009), we identified health care providers reporting on quality of care for any of 3 osteoporosis or 3 RA measures. PQRS reason codes allowed physicians to submit explanations why recommended care was not given.ResultsIn 2009, 1,775 physicians reported on ≥1 osteoporosis PQRS measure and 630 physicians reported on ≥1 RA measure. For the older women whose physician reported on lifetime dual x‐ray absorptiometry screening at least once since the age of 60 years via PQRS, 76% received such screening. Among the patients with physician‐diagnosed osteoporosis reported via PQRS, 82% received prescription osteoporosis medication in the preceding year. For RA medication use reported via PQRS, 89% of patients received a disease‐modifying antirheumatic drug or a biologic agent. For the remaining 11–24% of osteoporosis and RA patients, physicians reported medical, patient, system, or other reasons why care was considered but not provided.ConclusionA substantial fraction of Medicare enrollees who did not receive recommended osteoporosis or RA care had physician‐documented reasons for why care was not provided. For Medicare and other health plans that implement penalties for apparent nonperformance or delivery of suboptimal care, it will be important to allow physicians to provide reasons that care was considered medically inappropriate, refused, or otherwise not feasible.