bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of ultrasonic influence on heat transfer and resistance performance of round tube with twisted belt
Authors: Yang Yuxi , Liu Hongyan , Yu Chulin , Wang Wenqing , Lv Xiaohan , Zhang Haiqing 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this study, ultrasonic technology is combined with twisted belts to explore the comprehensive performance, and this study also investigated the effect of different Reynolds numbers, ultrasonic frequencies, and number of transducers on the performance of circular and twisted band tubes. It was found that ultrasonic waves applied on the tube plate enhanced the heat transfer performance of the heat exchanger tubes, reduced the flow resistance, and improved the overall performance, and the lower the ultrasonic frequency, the better the heat transfer and resistance reduction ability, and at the experimental condition frequency of 21 kHz, the maximum increase of Nu is 19.06%. With the increase of Reynolds number, the better the ultrasonic enhancement heat transfer performance, but the worse the resistance reduction performance. For different heat exchanger tube structures, the synergistic enhanced heat transfer effect of ultrasonic waves with the twisted belt is better than round tubes, and the synergistic drag reduction effect with the round tube is better than the twisted tape round tube. When the installed ultrasonic transducers are two, the heat transfer performance of the heat exchanger tube is the best, and the maximum increase in the value of Nu was 28.06%.
Mechanochemical synthesis and structural characterization of the I2-II-IV-VI4 quaternary chalcogenide Ag2CdGeSe4
Authors: Profita Kevin D. , Bredow Thomas , Heppke Eva M. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Ag2CdGeSe4 – a I2-II-IV-VI4 quaternary chalcogenide – was synthesized by a mechanochemical synthesis route with a subsequent annealing step inside of a glass ampoule. Detailed analysis and structural investigation using X-ray powder diffraction (PXRD) indicate that Ag2CdGeSe4 crystallizes in the wurtzstannite-type structure with space group Pmn21. For Rietveld refinements, all cubic diamond/sphalerite- and hexagonal diamond/wurtzite-related structure types including all subgroups of the wurtzstannite-type structure were considered. Quantum-chemical calculations were carried out at density-functional theory (DFT) level. The results do not allow an unambiguous verification of the experimentally observed Ag2CdGeSe4 type, due to the small energy differences between the structures. Comparison of calculated and measured UV/Vis data, however, support the results of the Rietveld refinement.
The Cost of Testing
Authors: McNeil Randall 
Published: April 2024

My name is Randall McNeil. I currently work as a Policy Analyst at Arnold Ventures, and I was formerly incarcerated. Released in August 2022 under DC’s IRAA reform after spending 24 years and 4 months in prison, I expected support from my probation officer upon my return to society. However, I encountered unexpected challenges. Initially assigned a probation officer who was temporary, I was subjected to monthly drug testing. Before my first drug test, I was informed of yet another change in probation officers. This cycle continued until I finally received a permanent probation officer, who immediately increased the frequency of drug testing as a means for me to earn trust. Additionally, she insisted on office and home visits instead of accommodating my job schedule, providing no transitional support.
Currently residing in Maryland with my wife, I recently faced an alarming situation when I received notice from my probation officer that the judge that released me contacted the Metropolitan Police Department (MPD) and reported me as non-compliant due to a change of address within Maryland, which I failed to notify. As a former DC prisoner with a prior gun charge, I am obligated to register as a gun offender with the MPD. Despite adhering to all other release requirements, my failure to update my address led to a judge authorizing an arrest warrant. Fortunately, the officer granted me an opportunity to rectify the oversight, which I promptly addressed. This experience highlighted the precariousness of one’s circumstances, where even a minor lapse in compliance could have severe consequences. I am relieved to report that I am now fully compliant with all regulations.
Offshore Fault Geometry Revealed from Earthquake Locations Using New State-of-Art Techniques: The Case of the 2022 Adriatic Sea Earthquake Sequence
Authors: An Like , Grigoli Francesco , Enescu Bogdan , Buttinelli Mauro , Anselmi Mario , Molinari Irene , Ito Yoshihiro 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Precise hypocenter locations are critical for properly interpreting earthquake occurrence processes. However, when the coverage with seismic stations is unfavorable or sparse, locating precisely earthquake hypocenters, in particular their depth, is challenging. Here we apply a newly developed approach, which uses only two land stations, to the recently occurred 2022 Adriatic Sea offshore earthquake sequence (mainshock of magnitude Mw 5.5) and achieve location results that are comparable to the catalog locations obtained using dozens of stations. First, six events with magnitudes M ≥3.0 were relocated using a travel-time stacking method. Next, using these six earthquakes as reference events, we applied a two-station differential travel-time method to reconstruct the earthquake cluster geometry and locate the remaining events, including the mainshock. The obtained earthquake distribution shows a dipping direction that varies from south to southwest, depending on the choice of the input parameters. Our preferred result shows a cluster dipping at an angle of ∼30° toward the south-southwest. This solution was chosen because the depth of the mainshock hypocenter obtained using the differential-time procedure agrees well with the depth constrained using depth phases. Moreover, the relatively sharp earthquake cluster geometry is in general consistent with the thrust fault structures revealed by a local seismic reflection survey and focal mechanism solutions.
New Empirical Source-Scaling Laws for Crustal Earthquakes Incorporating Fault Dip and Seismogenic-Thickness Effects
Authors: Huang Jyun-Yan , Abrahamson Norman A. , Sung Chih-Hsuan , Chao Shu-Hsien 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
New global source-scaling relations for the aspect ratio and rupture area for crustal earthquakes that include the width-limited effect and a possible free-surface effect are derived using a global dataset of finite-fault rupture models. In contrast to the commonly used scaling relations between moment magnitude (M), fault length (L), width (W), and area, we built self-consistent scaling relations by relating M to the aspect ratio (L/W) and to the fault area to model the change in the aspect ratio once the rupture width reaches the down-dip width limit of the fault. The width-limited effect of large-magnitude earthquakes depends on the fault dip and a regional term for the seismogenic thickness. The magnitude scaling of the aspect ratio includes a break in the magnitude scaling that is dip angle dependent. This dip angle-dependent magnitude scaling in the magnitude–area relation is modeled by a trilinear relation incorporating a dip-related transition range. The effect of the free surface was observed using a normalized depth term and parameterizing the source by the depth of the top of the fault rupture; it is more apparent in the area scaling relation. The scaling differences are related to the fault geometry, not to the rake angle, as commonly assumed. Finally, the corresponding L and W scaling relations obtained by converting the area and aspect ratio models to L and W models not only show good agreement with the previous regional scaling laws on average but also provide better fault-specific application due to the inclusion of a fault-specific dip angle and seismogenic thickness.
The criterion of human dignity in the Quran
Authors: Jafari Seyed Abdosaleh , Araminia Behin , Tavasoli Nafiseh , Tavasoli Hanieh , Abedi Soheil , Abolhasan Navab Seyed , Talebi Darabi Bagher 
Published: April 2024

In the Holy Quran, a strong emphasis has been placed on the dignity of human beings. There are two verses in the Quran that discuss the differences between humans and other creatures. In this article, we have tried to interpret these two verses using free selection of virtues and goodness as the criterion for human dignity that was obtained in our previous research. In the verse of trust, unlike other creatures, man accepts a trust that informs us about his cruelty and ignorance. However, if we consider this trust as freedom of choice, it can also imply injustice and ignorance alongside justice and wisdom for humans. In the verse of succession, angels tell God that human as vicegerent on earth leads to corruption and bloodshed. God does not deny this, but reminds the angels of the existence of pure ones. If we consider freely choosing goodness the differentiating factor between humans and other creatures the angels accurately refer to the possibility of creating corruption and bloodshed. However, they did not see the value of voluntary goodness compared to their own compulsory goodness.
Therefore, by considering freely choosing goodness as the criterion for human dignity, these two verses can be easily interpreted.
Experience of Individual Northern European Countries in Providing Protection of Justice (Criminological Aspect and Criminal Law Aspect)
Authors: Khrystova Yuliia , Khrystov Oleksandr , Karpenko Maksym , Shendryk Vladyslav , Kasapohlu Svitlana 
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the article is to describes experience of Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden in providing criminological protection of justice. . This article is the qualitative research with a historical and comparative approach. Thus, as of 01 January, 2023, employees of the Court Security Service in Ukraine ensured public order and security in 590 appellate and local courts and bodies of the justice system, which is more than 80% of their total number , and as of 01 January 2024 security was ensured in 639 (87 %) objects of the justice system. To a large extent, this is related to introduction of restrictions in Ukraine provided for by martial law as a result of the armed aggression of the Russian Federation.The results of the study concluded that the it has been established that today in some countries of Northern Europe, in contrast to Ukraine, permanent security checks for all visitors are implemented only in those courts where such checks are needed for security reasons, and implementation of such a criminological function is entrusted to security inspectors represented by police officers, court employees, as well as security companies. Based on the results of the research, promising directions for improving activities of the Court Security Service of Ukraine were determined, and expediency of strategic planning practice in the sphere of ensuring protection of justice in Ukraine was also emphasized.
THE COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING ASSESSMENT OF TUNJUNGSARI SUBURBAN, BANTUR VILLAGE, MALANG DISTRICT: A CASE STUDY
Authors: Mazarina Devi Hilda , Soebagiono  , Denik Retno 
Published: April 2024

Background: The community health nursing assessment is a process to understand the health problems that are often found in such location including health behavior problems, environmental problem, also health services utilization problem which will cause various effect among age group population
Purpose: Researcher would like to perform nursing process to the community health problems at the Tunjungsari Suburban, Bantur Village, Malang District.
Methods: The case study with a cross sectional approach used as research design. The nursing community assessment checklist delivered to 641 respondents who lives at 217 households around Tunjungsari Suburban, Bantur Village. The data then analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis based on community nursing approach using community as partner theory.
Results: The results showed that the community had a risky health behaviour marked by 47% adult were smoking inside the house, 73% of the elders never performing any health check, 89% of the elder’s never to come to the Posyandu. 38,27% of the total population experienced acute inflammatory respiratory disease during the past 6 months, and failed to managing the household waste due to limited facilities.
Conclusion: Based on the result of this study, it is recommended for the stakeholders to improve the community health services, increases the health promotion programs distribution especially targeting the elder’s population. For the government providing final waste management in this community will help to increases the community health.
Keywords: Case study; community health; nursing process.
Analyse d'impact ex post de trente ans de recherche et développement sur les conditions de pré-abattage des ruminants
Authors: BERGER Christine , CLAVEL Laëtitia , DUCREUX Barbara , DAVID Valérie 
Published: April 2024

Cette analyse d’impact ex post démarre en 1984 et porte donc sur plus de 30 ans de travaux de R&D conduits par Idele et ses partenaires (MSA, DGAL, DGER, Interbev, INRAE, ADIV) sur les conditions de pré-abattage. Elle a été mise en œuvre par les méthodes ASIRPA et ImpresS. Ce cas concret a confirmé l’intérêt et l’applicabilité de ces méthodes, mais elles ont nécessité des adaptations, i) en renforçant la caractérisation des « bénéficiaires » directs comme indirects et ii) en confortant la structure du « récit d’impact ». Les connaissances opérationnelles destinées aux bouviers d'abattoirs et aux chauffeurs de camions transportant des animaux vivants, ont été valorisées sous forme i) de guides de bonnes pratiques et formations à la manipulation des animaux ; ii) de références pour la rénovation des bâtiments, utiles pour le plan de modernisation des abattoirs ; et iii) de spécifications pour l'aménagement des camions destinés au transport du bétail. Contribuant à l’élaboration de nouvelles réglementations sur le transport des animaux vivants, elles ont accompagné la mise en œuvre du règlement sur la protection animale dans les abattoirs. Ce déploiement a contribué à l’amélioration des bâtiments et des équipements de la zone de pré-abattage, mais aussi à l'appropriation de connaissances permettant aux bouviers de réduire les facteurs de stress liés à la manipulation. Les principaux impacts observables sont i) une contribution à la réduction des accidents (humains et animaux) ; ii) une meilleure rémunération des éleveurs ; iii) une amélioration de la qualité de la viande ; et iv) une contribution à construire un argumentaire de nature à rassurer les consommateurs.
Expectation Gap na Auditoria em Saúde Pública: um Estudo no Contexto das Atribuições e Responsabilidades dos Profissionais da Auditoria do SUS da Bahia
Authors: Santos Daniela Silva dos , Ribeiro Elizabeth Matos , Pinheiro Francisco Marton Gleuson , Albuquerque Katia Silene Lopes de Souza 
Published: April 2024

Objetivo da pesquisa: Identificar e analisar as possíveis diferenças entre o que o auditor interno da Auditoria do SUS/BA acredita ser sua atribuição e o que os atores que integram a estrutura do Sistema de Governança e Gestão da Sesab esperam que a auditoria interna realize, em relação ao propósito da auditoria e à responsabilidade do Auditor.
Enquadramento Teórico: Duas teorias dão suporte teórico a esse estudo, enquanto a teoria da agência explica o porquê da auditoria, a teoria da legitimidade explica como a auditoria é utilizada e reconhecida.
Metodologia: Tratou-se de estudo de natureza exploratória, com abordagem qualitativa, realizada na Auditoria do SUS/BA com dados obtidos com fundamento na literatura, pesquisa documental e entrevistas semiestruturadas, avaliados mediante análise de conteúdo e triangulação de informações.
Resultados: Os resultados apontaram lacunas de expectativas entre a percepção dos dois grupos entrevistados, corroborando com a literatura explorada.
Originalidade: O estudo se diferencia dos demais por transpor para a Auditoria do SUS/BA um fenômeno de interesse da auditoria do setor privado, carente de exploração no setor público; e pela abordagem qualitativa, a despeito das evidências empíricas utilizarem abordagem quantitativa.
Contribuições teóricas e práticas: Ratificou-se o fenômeno expectation gap sustentado pela teoria da legitimidade. A implicação teórica também se mostra na abordagem qualitativa, que permitiu identificar não somente a existência das lacunas como, também, quais são e por que existem. Em termos práticos, com a revelação das diferenças, a Auditoria do SUS/BA poderá se aproximar institucionalmente dos atores da Governança e Gestão e promover capacitações para tratar das expectativas dos auditores, suas atribuições e responsabilidades.
Palavras-chave: Auditoria Governamental, Auditoria do SUS, Expectation Gap, Governança Pública.
LEGAL PROTECTION OF LINGUISTIC MINORITY UNDER DISCRIMINATION: THE CASE OF ANGLOPHONE CAMEROON
Authors: Kome Donard 
Published: April 2024

The minority English-speaking population in Cameroon, where French is the majority language, has a number of political, economic, and social complaints that collectively make up the "Anglophone problem." These grievances are described using the terms discrimination, marginalization, and second-class citizenship. The right to speak English in Cameroon must always be upheld as a fundamental right. To protect the rights of minorities, Cameroon has established a number of laws. Since Cameroon and many other countries have ratified a number of human rights instruments, it is the state's duty to safeguard all the rights guaranteed by these instruments, including those of minorities. As demonstrated by the current crisis, another escalation in that cycle, there are several political systemic deficiencies that need to be closed if Cameroon is to grow as a single nation. Greater localized control over political and financial resources might be necessary to achieve this. In order to better serve the needs of citizens, existing institutions and leadership structures must become more accommodating.
Agonistic song rate positively correlates with male breeding success and avian malaria infection in a promiscuous songbird with female-only parental care
Authors: Kubacka Justyna , Dubiec Anna , Arantes Larissa Souza , Herdegen-Radwan Magdalena , Mazzoni Camila , Sparmann Sarah , Osiejuk Tomasz Stanisław 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The link between male song and reproductive success has been explored at length in socially monogamous birds, but results were inconsistent and under-represented socially non-monogamous species with uniparental care. Here, we evaluated whether metrics of male song in the aquatic warbler Acrocephalus paludicola, a promiscuous songbird with female-only care and large repertoires, are associated with fitness- and quality-related traits. We showed that the number of 9-day-old nestlings fathered and probability of avian malaria infection increased with the rate of agonistic song, produced in male-male interactions, and that male scaled mass index (proxy for energy reserves) positively correlated with the repertoire size. The male breeding success was not explained by repertoire size and song duty cycle. None of the song variables clearly explained the male return rate or change in the tarsus length (proxy for structural body size) and scaled mass index of the fathered chicks between days 2 and 9 post-hatch. No other relationships between the song characteristics and the inbreeding coefficient, scaled mass index, wing-length and Trypanosoma infection status of the males were supported, and Plasmodium infection was unrelated to the song duty cycle and repertoire size. We conclude that in male aquatic warblers the repertoire size could be a signal of early developmental stress or current body condition, and the agonistic song rate could be shaped by sexual selection and signal to females a genetic makeup that enhances survival upon infection by Plasmodium.
Quantitative and qualitative analysis of medical students’ symptoms and feelings during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Felix Soraia Nogueira , Costa Anna Paula Lima , Andrade Juliana Matsumoto , Ballester Denise , Tempski Patrícia Zen , Kobayasi Renata , Garcia Maria Lúcia Bueno , Costa Fernanda Magalhães Arantes , Freitas Lucas Rodrigues Silva , Correia Aristides Tadeu , Tibério Iolanda de Fátima Lopes Calvo , Romanholo Beatriz Mangueira Saraiva , Martins Milton de Arruda 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, traditional face-to-face teaching has been disrupted. Social restrictions and isolation during this period may have contributed to various physical and emotional disorders. We aimed to assess the perceptions of medical students regarding their emotions, anxiety and depression symptoms, and daily experiences during the pandemic.
Methods: We conducted a prospective mixed methods study involving students in their 1st to 4th years of medicine at a university in São Paulo, Brazil,in 2020 and 2021. Participants completed online questionnaires, including the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ), and Medical Student Quality-of-Life Questionnaire (VERAS-Q) and participated in an online focus group.
Results:313 students finished the questionnaires, and 200 were involved in the focus group. Women exhibited higher scores for anxiety (p=0.002) and depression (p=0.007); men demonstrated better quality of life (p=0.042). The students aged 18 to 24 years (p=0.048) presented better quality of life and lower trait anxiety (p=0.001). Both trait and state anxiety were strongly associated with depression (p<0.01) and inversely related to quality of life, showing a moderate association with happiness (p<0.01). Depression was strongly linked to both trait and state anxiety (p<0.01) and moderately negatively correlated with happiness and quality of life (p<0.01). The focus groups revealed recurring negative feelings, such as anxiety, depression, tiredness, loneliness, difficulty managing time and others, resulting in reduced mental and physical health during the pandemic. Coping strategies were discussed, including the adoption of new healthy habits, religious practices, and reconnection with family.
Conclusion: Depression and anxiety symptoms were more prevalent among females, while quality of life improved for younger and male students. The qualitative analysis enhanced our understanding of the determinants and consequences of students' recurring negative feelings and revealed positive aspects such as greater proximity to family and religiosity.
E2GO : Free Your Hands for Smartphone Interaction
Authors: Liang Dong , Yan Shaoming , Ju Yuanliang , Quan Rong , Tu Huawei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Current eye-gaze interaction technologies for smartphones are considered inflexible, inaccurate, and power-hungry. These methods typically rely on hand involvement and accomplish partial interactions. In this paper, we propose a novel eye-gaze smartphone interaction method named Event-driven Eye-Gaze Operation (E2GO), which can realize comprehensive interaction using only eyes and gazes to cover various interaction types. Before the interaction, an anti-jitter gaze estimation method was exploited to stabilize human eye fixation and predict accurate and stable human gaze positions on smartphone screens to further explore refined time-dependent eye-gaze interactions. We also integrated an event-triggering mechanism in E2GO to significantly decrease its power consumption to deploy on smartphones. We have implemented the prototype of E2GO on different brands of smartphones and conducted a comprehensive user study to validate its efficacy, demonstrating E2GO’s superior smartphone control capabilities across various scenarios.