bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diabetes across the Lifespan: A Comparative Analysis of Clinical And Biochemical Profiles in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Gaur Archana , Sakthivadivel Varatharajan , Taranikanti Madhuri , John Nitin Ashok , Umesh Madhusudhan , Ganji Vidya , Medala Kalpana 
Published: May 2024

Introduction:
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a pervasive and complex metabolic disorder that has emerged as a global health concern. T2DM is frequently associated with alterations in various biochemical markers, such as increased levels of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and abnormal lipid profiles. T2DM is traditionally associated with middle-aged and older individuals, there is a growing recognition of its occurrence in younger age groups also. This research study aims to study the clinical and biochemical profiles in diverse age groups.
Materials and Methods: The study commenced after obtaining ethics approval from the Institute Ethics Committee (AIIMS/BBN/ IEC/APR/2021/32/10.5.2021). The study participants included 100 patients with type 2 DM of both genders. A complete general physical examination including height, weight, BP, pulse rate and waist and hip circumference was done. Blood was collected to assess the glycemic status and lipid profile. Neuropathy assessment was done using Michigan neuropathy screening instrument [MNSI] and Temperature threshold testing.
Results: The waist circumference and hip circumference are significantly higher in the group III (41-50) and IV (51-60). The glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) is significantly higher in Group I (20-30) and II (31-40). The TG levels are also significantly higher in group III and IV in comparison to other groups. The presence of neuropathy is also significantly higher in group III, IV and V (>60). A significant positive correlation of age with years of DM, SBP and presence of neuropathy can be observed.
Conclusion: The triglycerides and HbA1c are higher in middle aged patients, specifying the need to intervene and for tight control. The neuropathy is increased in older patients especially after 40 years, further emphasizing the proper control on lipid and glycemic profile to delay the early onset of complications.
QARAG‘AY GULCHANGLARI VA SHARQIY BIOTA O‘SIMLIKLARI TARKIBIDAGI VITAMINLAR TAHLILI
Authors: To‘ychiyev G‘ofurjon O‘rmonovich , Asqarov Ibrohimjon Rahmonovich , Abdulloyev Obidjon Shaxabidinovich 
Published: May 2024

Maqolada vitaminlarni o'z ichiga olgan dorivor o'simliklarning xususiyatlari ko'rib chiqiladi. Vitaminlarni oz miqdori xam biokimyoviy jarayonlarni tartibga soladi, hujayralarni nafas olishida ishtirok etadi va organizmdagi moddalar almashinuvida muxim rol o'ynaydi. Qarag‘ay gulchanglari va sharqiy biota o‘simligi tarkibidagi suvda eruvchan vitaminlar miqdorini Yaponiyaning Shimadzu kompaniyasida ishlab chiqarilgan LC-40 Nexera Lite yuqori samarali suyuqlik xromatografida amalga oshirildi. Tadqiqot qilingan barcha namunalar tarkibida B1, B2, B6 B9, C vitaminlari aniklandi va shuning uchun bu o‘simlik xom ashyolaridan o‘pka sili, bronxit, nafas qisishi,prostatit, prostata adenomasi, onkologik kasalliklarini davolashda yordam beruvchi yangi oziq-ovqat qoshilmalarini yaratish taklif etildi.
Revisão da Lei de Cotas: uma avaliação após dez anos de implementação pela Universidade Federal de Uberlândia
Authors: Máximo Ricardo de Oliveira , Oliveira Cíntia Rodrigues de 
Published: May 2024

Esta pesquisa buscou investigar o processo de implementação de políticas de ação afirmativa pela Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU) após um período superior a 10 anos de promulgação da Lei nº 12.711/2012, como forma de avaliação de sua efetividade na correção de distorções históricas e democratização do acesso ao ensino superior brasileiro. Realizou-se uma revisão da literatura e descrição de outras experiências. Os resultados demonstraram o início tardio na reserva de vagas, a permanência da hegemonia branca, com ampla maioria de estudantes brancos, tanto na graduação quanto na pós-graduação stricto sensu, além das dificuldades institucionais no acompanhamento e no preenchimento de vagas destinadas a pessoas com deficiência.
الإدارات المالية في المنظمات غير الحكومية دراسة مقارنة ( مصر ولبنان)
Authors: أحمد سالم شكر  
Published: May 2024

تعتبر المنظّمات غير الحكومية بشكل عام ركيزة أساسية من ركائز حماية حقوق الإنسان في المجتمع الدولي، وكذا تقديم مختلف الخدمات للمناطق الأكثر احتياجاً، كما تعتبر من الشركاء الكبار في دول عدّة في التنمية، وذلك نظراً للإمكانيات والآليات المتعددة التي تملكها هذه المنظّمات، تظهر أهميّة الإدارة الماليّة لهذه المنظّمات غير الحكوميّة؛ وقد شهد الوطن العربي مجموعات كبيرة من المنظّمات غير الحكوميّة أو كما يطلق عليها في بعض الدول: المنظّمات غير الربحيّة والمنظّمات الأهلية، والمنظّمات التطوعية، ومنظّمات المجتمع المدني. والتي شاركت في مختلف المناحي في هذه الدول.
ومن بين أشهر هذه الدول جمهورية مصر العربية والجمهورية اللبنانية اللتين اهتمتا بهذا الشأن، وعليه، فقد هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى إبراز المنظّمات غير الحكوميّة في كل من مصر ولبنان ومناقشة أداء الإدارة الماليّة فيها على نحو تفصيلي، منطلقين من السؤال التالي: "ما هو دور الإدارة المالية في تقييم الأداء في المنظمات غير الحكومية"، وتوصلنا إلى أنه بخصوص الإدارة الماليّة على وجه التحديد فقد تبين أن الإدارة الماليّة في هذه المنظّمات غير الحكوميّة في كلا البلدين شبه مختفية؛ فغالبية تشريعات الدولتين لا تدرك المفهوم العلمي للإدارة الماليّة، ومن ثم لم تحظ بالقدر المناسب من الذكر والتنظيم.
Tromboembolismo Pulmonar: Actualización Post Pandemia de COVID -19
Authors: Sánchez Madriz Luis Josué , Soto Benavides Diana Carolina , Palma González Luis Diego , Camacho Arias Nikol Paola , Shion Pérez Jeniffer Fabiola 
Published: May 2024

El tromboembolismo pulmonar (TEP) es una afección grave que ocurre cuando un coágulo de sangre bloquea una arteria en los pulmones. Puede causar dificultad para respirar, dolor en el pecho, desmayos e incluso la muerte. En la reciente pandemia de COVID 19, la incidencia de TEP se incrementó. El estudio consistió en una revisión de literatura de investigación médica El proceso de análisis se realizó con una matriz de resumen de artículos científicos estilo PRISMA. En total se analizaron 10 estudios, con grados de recomendación A y B en escala de Oxford. La infección por COVID-19 aumenta el riesgo de que las personas desarrollen tromboembolismo pulmonar (EP). Esta afección grave y potencialmente mortal se produce cuando los coágulos de sangre viajan desde otra parte del torrente sanguíneo (normalmente la pierna) hasta los pulmones. El mayor riesgo de EP puede deberse a una respuesta inmune irregular causada por la infección por COVID-19. La respuesta exagerada del sistema inmune, parece ser el mecanismo de acción que provoca TEP en paciente con COVID 19 El marcador Dímero – D, ha demostrado importante sensibilidad para predecir eventos de TEP en pacientes con COVID 19. Se concluye que la enfermedad de COVID 19 incrementa la incidencia de TEP en pacientes con riesgo de trombosis y también en aquellos sin antecedentes trombóticos.
No benefit of higher protein dosing in critically ill patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Qin Yonggen , Huang Jian , Ping Xiaofeng , Zheng Hui , Zhang Kai , Xu Xiaoya , Yu Jiuqing 
Published: May 2024

Purpose
The optimal range of protein dosage and effect of high-dose protein on critically ill patients remain controversial. We conducted a meta-analysis to compare higher and lower doses of protein supplementation for nutritional support in critically ill patients.

Methods
We searched the PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases for randomized controlled trials that compared higher (≥1.2 g/kg per day) versus lower (<1.2 g/kg per day) doses of protein supplementation among critically ill adult patients. This search spanned from the inception of relevant databases to November 20, 2023. Our primary endpoint of interest was overall mortality, while secondary endpoints included length of stay in the intensive care unit, length of hospital stay, duration of mechanical ventilation, and incidence of acute kidney injury.

Results
Seventeen studies including 2,965 critically ill patients were included in our meta-analysis. The pooled analyses showed no significant difference in overall mortality (RR 1.03, 95%CI [0.92–1.15], P = 0.65, I2 = 0%), length of intensive care unit stay (MD 0.19, 95%CI [−0.67 to 1.04], P = 0.66, I2 = 25%), length of hospital stay (MD 0.73, 95%CI [−1.59 to 3.04], P = 0.54, I2 = 27%), duration of mechanical ventilation (MD −0.14, 95%CI [−0.83 to 0.54], P = 0.68, I2 = 8%), and incidence of acute kidney injury (RR 1.11, 95%CI [0.87–1.41], P = 0.38, I2 = 0%) between critically ill patients receiving higher or lower doses of protein supplementation.

Conclusions
For critically ill patients, the protein supplementation dose had no significant effect on clinical outcomes, including overall mortality, length of intensive care unit and hospital stay, duration of mechanical ventilation, and incidence of acute kidney injury.
Novel packing‐enhanced distillation separation of isoamyl alcohol isomer: Experimental and pilot scale study
Authors: Liu Yue , Gao Hong , Sun Jinsheng , Wang Yanhong , Wu Peng , Liu Yanzhen , Ji Yulan 
Published: December 2010

AbstractSeparation of isoamyl isomers by means of internally enhanced ordinary distillation was investigated in this work. Because of very close boiling points between the target components of the mixture, a novel paralleling spiral packing of extremely low HEPT was experimentally developed with success for this purpose. A coupled scheme of pilot scale was subsequently setup separating 2‐methyl‐butanol and 3‐methyl‐butanol from fusel oil, usually low‐class byproduct of fuel bioethanol manufactures. Basically, batch distillation is used to remove light ends and the continuous partner to separate 2‐methyl‐butanol and 3‐methyl‐butanol. Operating results satisfactorily suggested that the concentration of 2‐methyl‐butanol was over 99 wt % with the yield over 80%. Computational flowsheet simulation was also done with the outcome in good agreement with the tested onsite to facilitate industrial design. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2011
Dimorphism in Piperazinium Hexachlorostannate(IV) Trihydrate, (C4H12N2) [SnCI6] · 3H2O
Authors: James Margaret A. , Knop Osvald , Cameron T. Stanley 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe crystal structure of an ordered form of piperazinium hexachlorostannate(IV) trihydrate existing at room temperature has been determined (P212121, a = 960.8(2) pm, b = 1145.9(1) pm, c = 1439.4(2) pm, Z = 4). This structure is obtained, formally, from the disordered Pnnm structure previously described by Borchers and Weiss by an orientation‐changing chromatic c/2 translation on an orthorhombic Bravais Pc lattice, with the attendant doubling of the c unit‐cell dimension. A hydrogen‐bonding scheme for the ordered structure is proposed.
Moderating effects in consumers' perceptions of price unfairness
Authors: Rondan‐Cataluña Francisco Javier , Martin‐Ruiz David 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThis study explores the moderating effects of various consumer features – such as price insensitivity and recency of last purchase – on the relationships among perceived value, inferred vendor profit, and perceived price fairness. A proposed model is developed and an empirical study is then conducted among consumers in four contexts: (i) two tangible goods; and (ii) two intangible services. The proposed model and hypotheses are tested using Partial Least Squares (PLS) software SmartPLS 2.0.M3, which provides a component‐based approach for estimation purposes. The influence of these moderating variables (price insensitivity and recency of the last purchase) depends on the context and the nature of the offering. This is a pioneering study of perceived price fairness in a framework of distributive justice utilizing a variety of contexts, products, and services.Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prognostic factors in male urethral cancer
Authors: Rabbani Farhang 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Male urethral cancer is a rare neoplasm, with the published literature consisting of small single‐institution retrospective series. As such, there is no objective analysis of prognostic factors and treatment outcome. The author sought to use the population‐based Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database to evaluate prognostic factors in male urethral cancer.METHODS:From 1988 to 2006, 2065 men were identified in the SEER database as having primary urethral cancer. Median follow‐up was 2.5 years. Cancer‐specific and overall survival was computed using the Kaplan‐Meier method, and Cox proportional hazards analysis was used to evaluate patient age at diagnosis, year of diagnosis, race, histologic type, grade, T stage, nodal status, M stage, extent of surgery, and type of radiation as potential significant independent predictors of survival.RESULTS:Overall survival at 5 and 10 years was 46.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 43.9‐48.6%) and 29.3% (95% CI, 26.6‐32.0%), respectively, whereas cancer‐specific survival at 5 and 10 years was 68.0% (95% CI, 65.5‐70.5%) and 60.1% (95% CI, 57.0‐63.2%), respectively. Advanced age, higher grade, higher T stage, systemic metastases, other histology versus transitional cell carcinoma (TCC), and no surgery versus radical resection were predictors of death and death from disease, whereas adenocarcinoma was associated with a lower likelihood of death and death from disease as compared with TCC. In addition, nodal metastasis was a predictor of death. Surgery had a better outcome than radiation for stage T2‐T4 nonmetastatic disease.CONCLUSIONS:Age, grade, TNM stage, histology, and extent of surgery were predictive of overall and cancer‐specific survival. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Clinical and histologic factors associated with melanoma thickness in New Zealand Europeans, Maori, and Pacific peoples
Authors: Sneyd Mary Jane , Cox Brian 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Thickness is the major prognostic indicator for patients with melanoma. In many countries, the incidence of thick melanoma has not decreased. To reduce mortality, knowledge of the characteristics associated with melanoma depth is needed.METHODS:To examine the relation between melanoma thickness and other factors in Europeans, Maori, and Pacific peoples, the authors analyzed the 14,802 melanoma registrations in New Zealand between 1996 and 2006. Notifications of invasive cutaneous melanoma from 1996 to 2006 were extracted from the New Zealand Cancer Registry. Ethnicity was categorized using the Statistics New Zealand prioritization algorithm. The geometric mean tumor thickness was calculated using log‐transformed Breslow depth. Multivariate linear regression was used to examine the relation of predictor variables, their interactions, and melanoma thickness.RESULTS:Melanoma thickness increased by 1% per year from 1996 to 2006. Although melanoma is rare in Maori and Pacific peoples, after adjustment, melanoma thickness was significantly greater in those populations compared with Europeans. Among Europeans, melanoma thickness was associated significantly with age at diagnosis, year of registration, sex, histology subtype, and extent of disease at diagnosis. In Maori, thick melanomas were likely to be nodular and to have regional or lymph node spread. The most important determinant of melanoma thickness in Pacific peoples was body site.CONCLUSIONS:Differences in melanoma thickness among ethnic groups were not explained fully by tumor subtype, site, or extent of disease. The current results indicated that the thicker melanomas in darker skinned populations probably can be accounted for in part by more aggressive lesions. Research is needed to identify additional characteristics to explain ethnic variations in melanoma thickness. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
The role of technetium‐99m methoxyisobutyl isonitrile scintigraphy in predicting the therapeutic effect of chemotherapy against nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Wang Xiao Shen , Zhang Ying Jian , Liu Xiao Lan , Zhou Zheng Rong , Hu Chao Su , Eisbruch Avraham 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:The authors prospectively evaluated the correlation between technetium‐99m methoxyisobutyl isonitrile (99mTc‐MIBI) accumulation in tumors and response to induction chemotherapy in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).METHODS:Eighty‐six patients with locally advanced NPC underwent single‐photon emission computed tomography 15 minutes after an intravenous injection of 740 megabecquerels (20 mCi) 99mTc‐MIBI before chemotherapy. The tumor uptake ratio (TUR) was calculated. Two weeks after the second cycle of combined chemotherapy with 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) and cisplatin (DDP), the tumor response rate was evaluated. The correlation between 99mTc‐MIBI accumulation in tumors and response to chemotherapy with 5‐FU/DDP was examined.RESULTS:Positive accumulation of 99mTc‐MIBI in tumors was observed in 76 patients (88.4%). The tumor response was a complete response (CR) in 8 patients, a partial response (PR) in 68 patients, stable disease (SD) in 9 patients, and progressive disease (PD) in 1 patient. The response rate (CR and PR) to 5‐FU/DDP chemotherapy in patients who had positive 99mTc‐MIBI accumulation (tumor uptake ratio [TUR] >1.1) was higher than that in patients who had negative 99mTc‐MIBI accumulation (TUR ≤1.1; 98.7% vs 10%; P < .001).CONCLUSIONS:Patients with negative 99mTc‐MIBI accumulation were resistant to 5‐FU/DDP chemotherapy. 99mTc‐MIBI imaging in patients with NPC was capable of predicting tumor response to chemotherapy with 5‐FU/DDP and can help in the selection of patients for induction chemotherapy. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Pharmacology of neuroendocrine peptides
Authors: Daniel Edwin E. , Collins Stephen M. , Fox Jo‐Ann E. T. , Huizinga Jan D. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe sections in this article are:Gastrin and Cholecystokinin (CCK)Classification of Gastrin‐CCKReceptorsLocus of ReceptorsModulation of Gastrin‐CCKReceptorsPostreceptor MechanismsApplied Pharmacology in the GutSubstance P and TachykininsReceptors to TachykininsDegradation of TachykininsActions of TachykininsVasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide (VIP)ReceptorsAntagonistsControl of MotilityOpiatesNatural OpiatesReceptor TypesDegradation of OpiatesOpiates and Guinea Pig IleumActions on Segments of Gastrointestinal Tract in other SpeciesOpiates, Immune System, and Gastrointestinal MotilityRational Design of DrugsOther PeptidesMotilinSomatostatinNeurotensinGastrin‐Releasing Polypeptide/Bombesin FamilyGalanin
Electrophysiological and neuromuscular relationships in extramural blood vessels
Authors: Kreulen D. L. , Keef K. D. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe sections in this article are:Innervation of Mesenteric CirculationAnatomyMesenteric ArteryResting Membrane PotentialCell CouplingActive Membrane PropertiesResponses to Addition of Autonomic NeurotransmittersResponses to Nerve StimulationPharmacology of Neuroeffector TransmissionPrejunctional Effects on Neuromuscular TransmissionNeuromuscular Relationships in Nonmammalian ArteryMesenteric VeinResting Membrane PotentialAction PotentialsPassive Membrane PropertiesResponse to Autonomic Transmitter SubstancesResponse to Nerve StimulationPharmacology of Neuroeffector TransmissionPortal VeinSpontaneous Action PotentialsCell CouplingResponse to Nerve StimulationResponse to NeurotransmittersFunctional Implications of Neuromuscular Differences Between Artery and VeinConclusions
First Stereoselective Total Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Amphidinin B and Its Analogues
Authors: Yadav Jhillu S. , Reddy A. Srinivas , Reddy Ch. Suresh , Reddy Basi V. Subba , Saddanapu Venkateshwarlu , Addlagatta Anthony 
Published: December 2010

AbstractA highly stereoselective first total synthesis of amphidinin B is described. The key steps involved in this synthesis are the generation of the exo‐double bond in the C1–C9 segment, the Barbier allylation, enzymatic kinetic resolution, and the construction of the C10–C21 segment by Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation, base‐induced epoxide ring‐opening, radical cyclization, diastereoselective reduction of the exo‐cyclic double bond, one‐pot allylation followed by debenzylation, Evans alkylation, and Yamaguchi esterification.
Viburspiran, an Antifungal Member of the Octadride Class of Maleic Anhydride Natural Products
Authors: Saleem Muhammad , Hussain Hidayat , Ahmed Ishtiaq , Draeger Siegfried , Schulz Barbara , Meier Kathrin , Steinert Michael , Pescitelli Gennaro , Kurtán Tibor , Flörke Ulrich , Krohn Karsten 
Published: December 2010

AbstractViburspiran (8), a structurally new member of the maleic anhydride natural products, was isolated, along with seven known compounds 9–15, from the fungal endophyte Cryptosporiopsis sp. The structure of the new compound was elucidated by spectroscopic methods and confirmed by single‐crystal X‐ray analysis. The absolute configuration was established by TDDFT CD calculations by using the solid‐state structure for input geometry. Viburspiran (8) is the first representative of a new class of eight‐membered maleic anhydride natural products, named octadrides and exhibited antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea and Microbotryum violaceum.
ALK rearrangement in sickle cell trait‐associated renal medullary carcinoma
Authors: Mariño‐Enríquez Adrián , Ou Wen‐Bin , Weldon Christopher B. , Fletcher Jonathan A. , Pérez‐Atayde Antonio R. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractRenal Medullary Carcinoma (RMC) is an aggressive malignancy that affects young black individuals with sickle cell trait. No effective treatment is available, resulting in an ominous clinical course, with overall survival averaging less than four months. We report rearrangement of the ALK receptor tyrosine kinase in a pediatric case of RMC harboring a t(2;10)(p23;q22) translocation. Mass spectrometry‐based proteomic evaluation identified a novel ALK oncoprotein in which the cytoskeletal protein vinculin (VCL) was fused to the ALK kinase domain. The resulting VCL‐ALK fusion does not contain known self‐association domains, but includes the talin binding domains of vinculin. We demonstrate coprecipitation of strongly tyrosine phosphorylated talins with the VCL‐ALK oncoprotein, suggesting that ALK oncogenic crossphosphorylation is mediated by interactions between neighboring VCL‐ALK proteins on a talin scaffold. This report widens the spectrum of ALK‐related tumors and ALK fusion partners, and provides a rationale for treating RMC with targeted ALK inhibitors. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.