bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of implant design on insertion torque and immediate micromotion
Authors: Freitas Jr Amilcar C. , Bonfante Estevam A. , Giro Gabriela , Janal Malvin N. , Coelho Paulo G. 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate the effect of insertion torque on micromotion to a lateral force in three different implant designs.
Material and methods: Thirty‐six implants with identical thread design, but different cutting groove design were divided in three groups: (1) non‐fluted (no cutting groove, solid screw‐form); (2) fluted (90° cut at the apex, tap design); and (3) Blossom™ (Patent pending) (non‐fluted with engineered trimmed thread design). The implants were screwed into polyurethane foam blocks and the insertion torque was recorded after each turn of 90° by a digital torque gauge. Controlled lateral loads of 10 N followed by increments of 5 up to 100 N were sequentially applied by a digital force gauge on a titanium abutment. Statistical comparison was performed with two‐way mixed model ANOVA that evaluated implant design group, linear effects of turns and displacement loads, and their interaction.
Results: While insertion torque increased as a function of number of turns for each design, the slope and final values increased (P<0.001) progressively from the Blossom™ to the fluted to the non‐fluted design (M±standard deviation [SD]=64.1±26.8, 139.4±17.2, and 205.23±24.3 Ncm, respectively). While a linear relationship between horizontal displacement and lateral force was observed for each design, the slope and maximal displacement increased (P<0.001) progressively from the Blossom™ to the fluted to the non‐fluted design (M±SD=530±57.7, 585.9±82.4, and 782.33±269.4 μm, respectively). There was negligible to moderate levels of association between insertion torque and lateral displacement in the Blossom™, fluted and non‐fluted design groups, respectively.
Conclusion: Insertion torque was reduced in implant macrodesigns that incorporated cutting edges, and lesser insertion torque was generally associated with decreased micromovement. However, insertion torque and micromotion were unrelated within implant designs, particularly for those designs showing the least insertion torque.
To cite this article: Freitas AC Jr, Bonfante EA, Giro G, Janal MN, Coelho PG. The effect of implant design on insertion torque and immediate micromotion. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 23, 2012; 113–118. doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2010.02142.x
Clinical and hormonal status of infants with nonmosaic XXY karyotype
Authors: Lahlou Najiba , Fennoy Ilene , Ross Judith L , Bouvattier Claire , Roger Marc 
Published: March 2011

AbstractAim:  To compare our recent findings in a cohort of 77 nonmosaic XXY infants <2 years of age with clinical and biological features already reported.Results:  The majority of reported XXY neonates had normal external genitalia. Only undescended testes and/or micropenis were identified reasons for referral. Delayed ambulation and speech skills were also indications for postnatally karyotyping. All subjects from our cohort (73 prenatally detected subjects, five postnatal diagnoses) had height and weight within the normal range, and were not dysmorphic. Insulin‐like‐peptide‐3 and testosterone secretion by Leydig cells appeared normally sensitive to luteinizing hormone. In reported studies, inhibin B levels were within normal range, anti‐Mullerian hormone levels were normal or high and follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH) levels were significantly higher than control values, data consistent with a relative resistance to FSH.Conclusion:  Early detection of Klinefelter syndrome is desirable for prospectively monitoring the apparition of developmental problems and the progressive decline in the tubular function of the testis, with the hope of designing future conservative interventions before germ cell degeneration is completed.
Tenascin‐C and Matrix Metalloproteinase‐9 Levels in Crevicular Fluid of Teeth and Implants
Authors: Özçakır‐Tomruk Ceyda , Chiquet Matthias , Mericske‐Stern Regina 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTBackground: The role of and interaction between bacterial infection and biomechanical impact in the development of peri‐implant inflammatory processes is not clear.Objective: To determine the amount and concentration of tenascin‐C (TNC) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) around teeth and in peri‐implant sulcus fluid from healthy implants and implants with peri‐implantitis, and to correlate it with matrix metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP‐9) levels.Materials and Methods: Seven control individuals and 18 patients with 41 implants with/without peri‐implantitis were included. GCF was collected with filter strips and volumes were measured with a Periotron device. The amount of serum albumin per sample was quantified by densitometric analysis of Coomassie‐stained sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Relative activity of MMP‐9 was determined from the densitometry of zymograms. Amounts and concentrations of TNC were evaluated by ELISA.Results: Relative MMP‐9 activity was increased in peri‐implantitis. A tendency was observed to measure higher TNC concentrations at teeth than at implants. The amount of TNC in GCF collected from healthy implant sites and the peri‐implantitis sites was significantly different. Based on immunoblotting, TNC in GCF seemed degraded. In contrast to TNC, MMP‐9 was significantly related to the PD and the volume of GCF.Conclusion: TNC is known to be induced in inflammation. The increase found in peri‐implantitis was less than expected. In the context of peri‐implantitis, TNC might be a marker of bone remodelling rather than inflammation and infection. A possible proteolytic degradation of TNC during peri‐implantitis needs to be studied.
Does the patch fit the stoma? A study on peristoma geometry and patch use in laryngectomised patients
Authors: van der Houwen E.B. , van Kalkeren T.A. , Post W.J. , Hilgers F.J.M. , van der Laan B.F.A.M. , Verkerke G.J. 
Published: March 2011

Clin. Otolaryngol. 2011, 36, 235–241Objective:  To determine the geometry of (peri)stomas of laryngectomised patients in relation to patch use. This data will enable improvement of tracheostoma interfaces, specifically addressing patients currently unable to use stoma patches. The low use of Heat‐and‐Moisture‐Exchange (HME) filters and (hands‐free) speech valves, although very important to the quality of life of laryngectomised patients, is mainly attributed to poor fit of the adhesive patches to the stoma site. Current patch shapes are not based upon an objective (peri)stoma geometry because this geometry is unknown.Design:  Observational anthropometric study of the (peri)stoma of laryngectomised patients.Setting:  Ten hospitals or institutes in eight countries.Participants:  About 191 laryngectomised patients, at least 1 year post operative.Main outcome measures:  (Peri)stomas were photographed and measured. Patients completed a questionnaire on patch‐use. Concavity of commercially available patches was measured.Results:  In countries with a financial reimbursement system 58% of the patients use patches, compares to only 9% in other countries. Patches stay in situ for an average of 33.3 h. Patch and non‐patch users differ on five out of ten measured geometrical parameters. Most striking differences are that patch users have much shallower peristomas (13 versus 18 mm), and stomas far more parallel to the anterior neck plane. The deepest commercially available patch is only 7 mm deep.Conclusions:  This study provides detailed (peri)stoma geometry data of a divers population, and for the first time in relation to patch‐use. It reveals a serious mismatch between patients and patches. With these data new patches can be developed that could dramatically improve rehabilitation after laryngectomy.
Imidazoline Antihypertensive Drugs: Selective I1‐Imidazoline Receptors Activation
Authors: Nikolic K. , Agbaba D. 
Published: March 2011

SummaryInvolvement of imidazoline receptors (IR) in the regulation of vasomotor tone as well as in the mechanism of action of some centrally acting antihypertensives has received tremendous attention. To date, pharmacological studies have allowed the characterization of three main imidazoline receptor classes, the I1‐imidazoline receptor which is involved in central inhibition of sympathetic tone to lower blood pressure, the I2‐imidazoline receptor which is an allosteric binding site of monoamine oxidase B (MAO‐B), and the I3‐imidazoline receptor which regulates insulin secretion from pancreatic β‐cells. All three imidazoline receptors represent important targets for cardiovascular research. The hypotensive effect of clonidine‐like centrally acting antihypertensives was attributed both to α2‐adrenergic receptors and nonadrenergic I1‐imidazoline receptors, whereas their sedative action involves activation of only α2‐adrenergic receptors located in the locus coeruleus. Since more selective I1‐imidazoline receptors ligands reduced incidence of typical side effects of other centrally acting antihypertensives, there is significant interest in developing new agents with higher selectivity and affinity for I1‐imidazoline receptors. The selective imidazoline receptors agents are also more effective in regulation of body fat, neuroprotection, inflammation, cell proliferation, epilepsy, depression, stress, cell adhesion, and pain. New agonists and antagonists with high selectivity for imidazoline receptor subtypes have been recently developed. In the present review we provide a brief update to the field of imidazoline research, highlighting some of the chemical diversity and progress made in the theoretical studies of imidazoline receptor ligands.
Symplectic Elasticity: Theory and Applications
Authors: Lim C. W. , Xu X. S. 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Many of the early works on symplectic elasticity were published in Chinese and as a result, the early works have been unavailable and unknown to researchers worldwide. It is the main objective of this paper to highlight the contributions of researchers from this part of the world and to disseminate the technical knowledge and innovation of the symplectic approach in analytic elasticity and applied engineering mechanics. This paper begins with the history and background of the symplectic approach in theoretical physics and classical mechanics and subsequently discusses the many numerical and analytical works and papers in symplectic elasticity. This paper ends with a brief introduction of the symplectic methodology. A total of more than 150 technical papers since the middle of 1980s have been collected and discussed according to various criteria. In general, the symplectic elasticity approach is a new concept and solution methodology in elasticity and applied mechanics based on the Hamiltonian principle with Legendre’s transformation. The superiority of this symplectic approach with respect to the classical approach is at least threefold: (i) it alters the classical practice and solution technique using the semi-inverse approach with trial functions such as those of Navier, Lévy, and Timoshenko; (ii) it consolidates the many seemingly scattered and unrelated solutions of rigid body movement and elastic deformation by mapping with a series of zero and nonzero eigenvalues and their associated eigenvectors; and (iii) the Saint–Venant problems for plane elasticity and elastic cylinders can be described in a new system of equations and solved. A unique feature of this method is that bending of plate becomes an eigenvalue problem and vibration becomes a multiple eigenvalue problem.
Expression of CK19 in invasive breast carcinomas of special histological types: implications for the use of one-step nucleic acid amplification
Authors: Alvarenga César A , Paravidino Paula I , Alvarenga Marcelo , Dufloth Rozany , Gomes Madalena , Zeferino Luiz C , Schmitt Fernando 
Published: March 2011

BackgroundThe sentinel lymph node (SLN) is the first lymph node to receive the lymphatic drainage of a primary tumour; based on the knowledge that CK19 is positive in more than 95% of breast carcinomas, a molecular method for intraoperative diagnosis of SLN metastases (the one-step nucleic acid amplification (OSNA) assay) was developed.AimsTo evaluate CK19 immunoreactivity in a series of special histological types of breast carcinoma in order to verify whether the OSNA assay can be used in all breast cancer cases independently of the histological type.Methods116 samples of invasive breast carcinomas of special type were investigated for CK19 immunoreactivity in tissue microarrays (TMA); negative cases were evaluated in the entire tissue tumour tissue.ResultsOf the 116 cases, 88.9% were positive CK19. Micropapillary and apocrine carcinomas were all positive for CK19 in TMAs. The tubular (93%), mucinous (86%), medullary typical and atypical (84%), mixed carcinomas (83%) increased the rate of positivity for this marker to 100% after repeating the immunostain in whole tissue of negative TMA cases, because the expression of those cases was focal.ConclusionMost breast cancer cases were positive for CK19, independent of the histological type; therefore the OSNA assay can be used in all breast cancer cases with a potential low rate of false negative for CK19 detection of micrometastasis. There is an important variation between the positivity assessed on TMAs and the entire tissue; these findings can be clinically relevant because in some cases CK19 is evaluated on core-needle biopsy prior to surgery.
Tumor-Associated Neutrophils: New Targets for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Gregory Alyssa D. , McGarry Houghton A. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractStudies have begun to emerge showing critical roles for neutrophils in tumorigenesis. Neutrophils can have a significant impact on the tumor microenvironment via their production of cytokines and chemokines, which influence inflammatory cell recruitment and activation. Additionally, products secreted from neutrophils, such as reactive oxygen species and proteinases, have defined and specific roles in regulating tumor cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Although evidence suggests that neutrophils act in a decidedly protumor capacity in vivo, recent studies indicate that neutrophils may be manipulated to exhibit cytotoxicity against tumors. Herein, we explore the idea of targeting tumor-associated neutrophils as a means of antitumor therapy and the important ramifications such manipulation could pose to host tissues. Cancer Res; 71(7); 2411–6. ©2011 AACR.
MicroRNA-95 Promotes Cell Proliferation and Targets Sorting Nexin 1 in Human Colorectal Carcinoma
Authors: Huang Zhaohui , Huang Shenglin , Wang Qifeng , Liang Linhui , Ni Shujuan , Wang Lisha , Sheng Weiqi , He Xianghuo , Du Xiang 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are strongly implicated in cancer but their specific roles and functions in the major cancers have yet to be fully elucidated. In this study, we defined the oncogenic significance and function of miR-95, which we found to be elevated in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues by microarray analysis. Evaluation of an expanded CRC cohort revealed that miR-95 expression was up-regulated in nearly half of the tumors examined (42/87) compared with the corresponding noncancerous tissues. Ectopic overexpression of miR-95 in human CRC cell lines promoted cell growth in vitro and tumorigenicity in vivo, whereas RNAi-mediated silencing of miR-95 decreased cell growth ratio. Mechanistic studies revealed that miR-95 repressed the expression of reporter gene coupled to the 3′-untranslated region of sorting nexin 1 (SNX1), whereas miR-95 silencing up-regulated SNX1 expression. Moreover, miR-95 expression levels correlated inversely with SNX1 protein levels in human CRC tissues. RNAi-mediated knockdown of SNX1 phenocopied the proliferation-promoting effect of miR-95, whereas overexpression of SNX1 blocked miR-95–induced proliferation of CRC cells. Taken together, these results demonstrated that miR-95 increases proliferation by directly targeting SNX1, defining miR-95 as a new oncogenic miRNA in CRC. Cancer Res; 71(7); 2582–9. ©2011 AACR.
S6 Kinase 2 Promotes Breast Cancer Cell Survival via Akt
Authors: Sridharan Savitha , Basu Alakananda 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
The 40S ribosomal protein S6 kinase (S6K) acts downstream of mTOR, which plays important roles in cell proliferation, protein translation, and cell survival and is a target for cancer therapy. mTOR inhibitors are, however, of limited success. Although Akt is believed to act upstream of mTOR, persistent inhibition of p70 S6 kinase or S6K1 can activate Akt via a negative feedback loop. S6K exists as two homologues, S6K1 and S6K2, but little is known about the function of S6K2. In the present study, we have examined the effects of S6K2 on Akt activation and cell survival. Silencing of S6K1 caused a modest decrease, whereas knockdown of S6K2 caused a substantial increase in TNF-α and TRAIL (TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand)-mediated apoptosis. In contrast to S6K1, depletion of S6K2 by siRNA decreased basal and TNF-induced Akt phosphorylation. Ectopic expression of constitutively active Akt in MCF-7 cells restored cell survival in S6K2-depleted cells. We have previously shown that activation of Akt induces downregulation of Bid via p53. Knockdown of S6K2 caused an increase in p53, and downregulation of p53 by siRNA decreased Bid level. Silencing of Bid blunted the ability of S6K2 deficiency to enhance TNF-induced apoptosis. Taken together, our study shows that the two homologues of S6K have distinct effects on Akt activation and cell survival. Thus, targeting S6K2 may be an effective therapeutic strategy to treat cancers. Cancer Res; 71(7); 2590–9. ©2011 AACR.
Insulin Receptor Activation in Deletion 11q Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: Brown Jennifer R. 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
The chromosomal abnormalities characteristic of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) are well studied, but the mechanisms underlying their contribution to pathogenesis are only partially elucidated. Integrated genomic profiling, focused on deletion 11q, has identified elevated expression of the insulin receptor in a subgroup of CLLs and associated it with worse outcomes. Clin Cancer Res; 17(9); 2605–7. ©2011 AACR.
Cost-effectiveness of dabigatran etexilate for the prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in atrial fibrillation: A Canadian payer perspective
Authors: Kansal Anuraag , Connolly Stuart , Peng Siyang , Linnehan John , Bradley-Kennedy Carole , Plumb Jonathan , Sorensen Sonja 
Published: March 2011

SummaryOral dabigatran etexilate is indicated for the prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) in whom anticoagulation is appropriate. Based on the RE-LY study we investigated the cost-effectiveness of Health Canada approved dabigatran etexilate dosing (150 mg bid for patients <80 years, 110 mg bid for patients ≥80 years) versus warfarin and “real-world” prescribing (i.e. warfarin, aspirin, or no treatment in a cohort of warfarin-eligible patients) from a Canadian payer perspective. A Markov model simulated AF patients at moderate to high risk of stroke while tracking clinical events [primary and recurrent ischaemic strokes, systemic embolism, transient ischaemic attack, haemorrhage (intracranial, extracranial, and minor), acute myocardial infarction and death] and resulting functional disability. Acute event costs and resulting long-term follow-up costs incurred by disabled stroke survivors were based on a Canadian prospective study, published literature, and national statistics. Clinical events, summarized as events per 100 patient-years, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), total costs, and incremental cost effectiveness ratios (ICER) were calculated. Over a lifetime, dabigatran etexilate treated patients experienced fewer intracranial haemorrhages (0.49 dabigatran etexilate vs. 1.13 warfarin vs. 1.05 “real-world” prescribing) and fewer ischaemic strokes (4.40 dabigatran etexilate vs. 4.66 warfarin vs. 5.16 “real-world” prescribing) per 100 patient-years. The ICER of dabigatran etexilate was $10,440/QALY versus warfarin and $3,962/QALY versus “real-world” prescribing. This study demonstrates that dabigatran etexilate is a highly cost-effective alternative to current care for the prevention of stroke and systemic embolism among Canadian AF patients.
The Contribution of Indian Ocean Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies on Australian Summer Rainfall during El Niño Events
Authors: Taschetto Andréa S. , Sen Gupta Alex , Hendon Harry H. , Ummenhofer Caroline C. , England Matthew H. 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
This study investigates the impact of Indian Ocean sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies on the atmospheric circulation of the Southern Hemisphere during El Niño events, with a focus on Australian climate. During El Niño episodes, the tropical Indian Ocean exhibits two types of SST response: a uniform “basinwide warming” and a dipole mode—the Indian Ocean dipole (IOD). While the impacts of the IOD on climate have been extensively studied, the effects of the basinwide warming, particularly in the Southern Hemisphere, have received less attention. The interannual basinwide warming response has important implications for Southern Hemisphere atmospheric circulation because 1) it accounts for a greater portion of the Indian Ocean monthly SST variance than the IOD pattern and 2) its maximum amplitude occurs during austral summer to early autumn, when large parts of Australia, South America, and Africa experience their monsoon. Using observations and numerical experiments with an atmospheric general circulation model forced with historical SST from 1949 to 2005 over different tropical domains, the authors show that the basinwide warming leads to a Gill–Matsuno-type response that reinforces the anomalies caused by changes in the Pacific as part of El Niño. In particular, the basinwide warming drives strong subsidence over Australia, prolonging the dry conditions during January–March, when El Niño–related SST starts to decay. In addition to the anomalous circulation in the tropics, the basinwide warming excites a pair of barotropic anomalies in the Indian Ocean extratropics that induces an anomalous anticyclone in the Great Australian Bight.