bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ru–Ru Metal–Metal Bonding in the Chains of Edge‐Sharing Octahedra of NdMn1.5Ru0.5O5: A Neutron Powder Diffraction and Magnetic Study
Authors: de la Calle Cristina , Alonso José A. , Martínez‐Lope María J. , Retuerto María , García‐Hernández Mar , Fernández‐Díaz María T. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractFour members of a new series of oxides of nominal stoichiometry NdMn2–xRuxO5 (x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.5) have been prepared in polycrystalline form by wet‐chemistry procedures followed by thermal treatment at 1000 °C. NdMn2–xRuxO5 materials are isostructural with NdMn2O5. Their crystal structures have been refined from XRD data and, for the x = 0.5 oxide, from NPD data in the space group Pbam. The crystal contains infinite chains of (Mn,Ru)4+O6 octahedra sharing edges, linked together by dimeric (Mn)3+O5 square pyramidal units and NdO8 polyhedra. There is a slight anti‐site disordering effect, implying that some Ru cations are introduced at the pyramidal positions. For x = 0.5, the crystallographic formula is Nd3+(Mn4+0.572(4)Ru4+0.428(4))oct(Mn3+0.964(8)Ru3+0.036(8))pyrO4.92(4). The abrupt contraction of the c axis for x = 0.5, together with the short (Mn,Ru)−(Mn,Ru) distances (2.60 Å) observed within the chains of octahedra suggest the presence of Ru–Ru metal bonding for this composition. The magnetic properties are characteristic of spin‐glasses, as confirmed by ac susceptibility measurements.
Noncovalent Saccharide Recognition by Means of a Tetrakis(bile acid)–Porphyrin Conjugate: Selectivity, Cooperation, and Stability
Authors: Kalenius Elina , Koivukorpi Juha , Kolehmainen Erkki , Vainiotalo Pirjo 
Published: January 2010

AbstractMolecular recognition of Glu, Glc2‐Glc6 and Mal3 by a tetrakis(bile acid)–porphyrin conjugate has been studied by using ESI‐FTICR mass spectrometry. The bile acid conjugate was observed to form 1:1 noncovalent complexes with saccharides. The conjugate was found to have size‐selectivity towards saccharides with three or more glucose residues. The Glc3 and Glc4 also formed kinetically the most stable complexes. The electron capture dissociation (ECD) experiments revealed that in complexation of an oligosaccharide three glucose residues interact with the bile acid conjugate, whereas additional glucose residues are susceptible to fragmentation. The ECD results also showed the significance of the porphyrin centre for complexation of an intact oligosaccharide. It is obvious that the complexation of an intact sugar requires at least one bile acid side arm and the porphyrin centre.
Titanocene‐Promoted Eliminations on Epoxy Alcohols and Epoxy Esters
Authors: Fernández‐Mateos Alfonso , Madrazo Soledad Encinas , Teijón Pablo Herrero , González Rosa Rubio 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe reaction of a series of 2,3‐epoxy alcohols and the corresponding formates, acetates, and benzoates promoted by Cp2TiCl has been studied. The different outcome of the reaction of epoxy derivatives has been rationalized in terms of mechanistically biased processes. After homolytic oxirane cleavage, four main types of reaction were found: dehydroxylation, decarboxylation, dehydrogenation, and deoxygenation. The reaction products varied according to the substitution pattern. The radical nature of these eliminations is demonstrated.
p‐Toluenesulfonic Acid Promoted Annulation of 2‐Alkynylanilines with Activated Ketones: Efficient Synthesis of 4‐Alkyl‐2,3‐Disubstituted Quinolines
Authors: Peng Changlan , Wang Yong , Liu Lanying , Wang Honggen , Zhao Jiaji , Zhu Qiang 
Published: January 2010

AbstractReactions between readily available 2‐alkynylanilines and activated ketones such as β‐keto esters promoted by p‐toluenesulfonic acid afford 4‐alkyl‐2,3‐disubstituted quinolines in good to excellent yields. The generality of substituents at the other end of the triple bond of 2‐alkynylanilines makes the method a valuable approach to diversified 4‐alkylquinolines, which are difficult to obtain by classical methods such as the Friedländer reaction. Quinoline dimers can be prepared efficiently with alkyl or aryl linkers at C‐4.
Variation of the Backbone Conjugation in NLO Model Compounds: Torsion‐Angle‐Restricted, Biphenyl‐Based Push‐Pull‐Systems
Authors: Rotzler Jürgen , Vonlanthen David , Barsella Alberto , Boeglin Alex , Fort Alain , Mayor Marcel 
Published: January 2010

AbstractTerminal piperidinyl‐ and nitro‐functionalized biphenyls, bridged between the 2 and 2′ positions by a variable number of methylene groups, are synthesized and fully characterized. These push‐pull systems with defined and restricted torsion angles between their phenyl rings are ideal model compounds to investigate the influence of the chromophore's conjugation in nonlinear optic (NLO) responses. A general synthetic route that can be implemented to access these model compounds is reported, starting from dibromo or ditriflate biphenyls. Hartwig–Buchwald cross‐coupling, a selective azacycloalkylation of diaminobiphenyls and a mild oxidation of primary amines to nitro groups in the presence of a tertiary amine summarizes the synthetic pathway towards the desired model compounds. NLO properties of the series of torsionally constrained push‐pull biphenyls are collected by electric‐field‐induced second‐harmonic generation (EFISH) experiments. The results agree qualitatively with semi‐empirical simulations based on the AM1 Hamiltonian. A linear dependence of the quadratic response on the cos2(Φ) of the inter‐aryl dihedral angle is observed, which points to oscillator strength loss as the dominant effect of increasing backbone twist.
Flicker propagation and emission coordination study in a simulated low voltage network
Authors: Bhattacharyya Sharmistha , Cobben Sjef , Myrzik Johanna , Kling Wil 
Published: January 2010

AbstractVoltage flicker is an irritating problem especially for the low voltage (LV) customers. It is mainly caused by the loads having repetitive cycle of operation. During the past years, the network operators around the world have registered many complaints from the customers about flicker related problems. Presently, there is no common standard value for the flicker planning level available globally. Moreover, in some countries (for example, in the Netherlands), the existing networks are not even based on a specific planning level value for flicker. Therefore, it is necessary to discuss the flicker planning level values in different voltage levels to overcome flicker related problems. In this paper a typical LV network is simulated to analyze the flicker propagation behavior in the network. The effects of switching LV disturbing loads (such as elevator, welding machine, etc.) on flicker generation at different customer's installations are studied by using synchronized measurement technique. Also, the impacts of the background flicker pollution transferred from the upstream to the downstream networks are analyzed. The simulation results give an overview of the flicker pollution levels at the LV customer's installations in the presence of background flicker. This paper estimates the maximum value of flicker emission share at different customer's point of connections (POC), considering the impact of background flicker pollution. Finally, planning level values of flicker in different voltage levels are suggested that can be useful for the network operators in designing their future networks. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Type‐specific roles of histone deacetylase (HDAC) overexpression in ovarian carcinoma: HDAC1 enhances cell proliferation and HDAC3 stimulates cell migration with downregulation of E‐cadherin
Authors: Hayashi Akiko , Horiuchi Akiko , Kikuchi Norihiko , Hayashi Takuma , Fuseya Chiho , Suzuki Akihisa , Konishi Ikuo , Shiozawa Tanri 
Published: January 2010

AbstractHistone acetylation/deacetylation controls chromatin activity and subsequent gene transcription. Recent studies demonstrated the activation of histone deacetylases (HDACs) in various human malignancies; however, the expression and function of HDACs in ovarian tumors are not fully understood. In this study, we examined the immunohistochemical expression of HDAC1, HDAC2 and HDAC3 using tissues obtained from 115 cases of ovarian tumors and compared it with that of Ki‐67 (a growth marker), p21, and E‐cadherin and clinicopathological parameters. In addition, we analyzed the effect of specific siRNA for HDAC1, HDAC2 and HDAC3 on the expression of cell cycle‐related molecules and E‐cadherin to clarify the functional difference among the 3 HDACs. The results indicated that the immunohistochemical expression of nuclear HDAC1, HDAC2 and HDAC3 proteins increased stepwise in benign, borderline and malignant tumors. The expression of HDAC1 and HDAC2 was correlated with Ki‐67 expression and that of HDAC3 was inversely correlated with E‐cadherin expression. Among the HDACs examined, only HDAC1 was associated with a poor outcome, when overexpressed. Treatment with HDAC inhibitors suppressed the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells in association with apoptosis. A specific siRNA for HDAC1 significantly reduced the proliferation of ovarian carcinoma cells via downregulation of cyclin A expression, but siRNA for HDAC3 reduced the cell migration with elevated E‐cadherin expression. Our results suggested that HDAC1 plays an important role in the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells, whereas HDAC3 functions in cell adhesion and migration. Therefore, specific therapeutic approaches should be considered according to the HDAC subtypes.
Brief motivational feedback for college students and adolescents: a harm reduction approach
Authors: Whiteside Ursula , Cronce Jessica M. , Pedersen Eric R. , Larimer Mary E. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractAlcohol consumption and its attendant problems are prevalent among adolescents and young adult college students. Harm reduction has been found efficacious with heavy drinking adolescents and college students. These harm reduction approaches do not demand abstinence and are designed to meet the individual where he or she is in the change process. The authors present a case illustration of a harm reduction intervention, the Brief Alcohol Screening and Intervention for College Students (BASICS), with a heavy‐drinking female college student experiencing significant problems as a result of her drinking. BASICS is conducted in a motivational interviewing style and includes cognitive‐behavioral skills training and personalized feedback. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 66: 1–14, 2010.
Harm reduction therapy with families and friends of people with drug problems
Authors: Denning Patt 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThis article describes and illustrates the ongoing development of a treatment for working with families and friends of drug users using harm reduction principles. The author was instrumental in applying harm reduction principles to substance abuse and has used these same principles to help families deal with the pessimism, pain, and grief that accompany their relationship to a person with an active substance abuse problem. The treatment involves learning decision‐making processes based on both self‐care and love for the substance abuser and is based on the values of harm reduction, caring, and incrementalism, rather than those of codependency, tough love, and abrupt behavior change. A long‐term family therapy group and two family consultations illustrate the treatment and its applications. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol: In Session 66: 1–11, 2010.
Cell‐fusion‐mediated somatic‐cell reprogramming: A mechanism for tissue regeneration
Authors: Lluis Frederic , Cosma Maria Pia 
Published: January 2010

AbstractSpontaneous cell fusion between two cells of different lineages will originate new hybrid cells that have different features from the original parent cells. It has been shown that injury to a tissue can enhance spontaneous cell–cell fusion events. If one of the parent cells of a cell–cell fusion is highly plastic, such as a stem cell, and the other is a somatic cell, their fusion can be followed by reprogramming events that can generate new hybrid pluripotent cells. These, in turn, have the potential to differentiate and regenerate the damaged tissue. However, if this process is deregulated, this would provide a mechanism for cancer development. J. Cell. Physiol. 223: 6–13, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mitogen‐activated protein kinase‐activated protein kinase 2 (MK2) in skeletal muscle atrophy and hypertrophy
Authors: Norrby Marlene , Tågerud Sven 
Published: January 2010

AbstractSkeletal muscle is a highly plastic tissue. Overall muscle growth (hypertrophy) or muscle wasting (atrophy) results from alterations in intracellular signaling pathways with important regulatory steps occurring in the nucleus as well as in the cytoplasm. Previous studies have identified components of the Akt/mTor pathway as well as the p38 MAPK pathway as important for skeletal muscle hypertrophy and/or atrophy. The present study tests the hypothesis that MK2, a substrate of p38 which following phosphorylation, can be exported from the nucleus in a complex with p38, may be important for skeletal muscle growth. The expression of MK2 was examined in denervated mouse hind‐limb (atrophic) and hemidiaphragm (transiently hypertrophic) muscles. MK2 mRNA expression decreased after denervation in both atrophic (48% of innervated controls, P < 0.001) and hypertrophic muscle (34% of innervated controls, P < 0.01) but MK2 protein expression decreased only in atrophic muscle (32% of innervated controls, P < 0.01). The level of T205 phosphorylated MK2 increased after denervation in both atrophic (fourfold increase, P < 0.01) and hypertrophic muscles (almost sevenfold increase, P < 0.001) whereas the level of T317 phosphorylated MK2 (necessary for nuclear export) increased after denervation in hypertrophic muscle (nearly threefold increase, P < 0.001) but not in atrophic muscle. Logarithmically transformed relative changes in MK2 phosphorylated at T317 correlated well (r2 = 0.7737) with relative changes in muscle weight. The results suggest a role for MK2 in the regulation of muscle mass, a role which, at least in part, may be related to determining the subcellular localization of p38 in muscle fibers. J. Cell. Physiol. 223: 194–201, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
EGF and its related growth factors mediate sodium transport in mpkCCDc14 cells via ErbB2 (neu/HER‐2) receptor
Authors: Levchenko Vladislav , Zheleznova Nadezhda N. , Pavlov Tengis S. , Vandewalle Alain , Wilson Patricia D. , Staruschenko Alexander 
Published: January 2010

AbstractAmiloride‐sensitive sodium entry, via the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC), is the rate‐limiting step for Na+ absorption. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is involved in the regulation of Na+ transport and ENaC activity. However it is still controversial exactly how EGF regulates ENaC and Na+ absorption. The aim of the present study was to characterize the EGF regulation of Na+ transport in cultured mouse renal collecting duct principal mpkCCDc14 cells, a highly differentiated cell line which retains many characteristics of the cortical collecting duct (CCD). EGF dose dependently regulates basal transepithelial Na+ transport in two phases: an acute phase (<4 h) and a chronic phase (>8 h). Similar effects were observed with TGF‐α, HB‐EGF, and amphiregulin which also belong to the EGF‐related peptide growth factor family. Inhibition of MEK1/2 by PD98059 or U0126 increased acute effects and disrupted chronic effects of EGF on Na+ reabsorption. Inhibition of PI3‐kinase with LY294002 abolished acute effect of EGF. As assessed by Western blotting, ErbB2 is the most predominant member of the ErbB family detected in mpkCCDc14 cells. Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed localization of ErbB2 in the CCD in Sprague–Dawley rat kidneys. Both acute and long‐term effects of EGF were abolished when cells were treated with tyrphostin AG‐825 and ErbB2 inhibitor II, chemically dissimilar selective inhibitors of the ErbB2 receptor. Thus, we conclude that EGF and its related growth factors are important for maintaining transepithelial Na+ transport and that EGF biphasically modulates sodium transport in mpkCCDc14 cells via the ErbB2 receptor. J. Cell. Physiol. 223: 252–259, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A versatile synthesis of [2,3,4‐13C3]isoflavones
Authors: Al‐Maharik Nawaf , Botting Nigel P. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractA flexible synthetic method is presented, which allows all the key isoflavones (daidzein, genistein, glycitein, formononetin and biochanin A) to be prepared in 13C‐labelled form via the same route, involving the thallium(III)‐mediated oxidative rearrangement of a key chalcone intermediate. This method results in the incorporation of 13C atoms at the 2, 3 and 4 positions of the isoflavone skeleton. We also report the first syntheses of 13C‐labelled versions of the daidzein metabolites, equol and ODMA. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Binding site on human immunoglobulin G for the affinity ligand HWRGWV
Authors: Yang Haiou , Gurgel Patrick V. , Williams D. Keith , Bobay Benjamin G. , Cavanagh John , Muddiman David C. , Carbonell Ruben G. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractAffinity ligand HWRGWV has demonstrated the ability to isolate human immunoglobulin G (hIgG) from mammalian cell culture media. The ligand specifically binds hIgG through its Fc portion. This work shows that deglycosylation of hIgG has no influence on its binding to the HWRGWV ligand and the ligand does not compete with Protein A or Protein G in binding hIgG. It is suggested by the mass spectrometry (MS) data and docking simulation that HWRGWV binds to the pFc portion of hIgG and interacts with the amino acids in the loop Ser383–Asn389 (SNGQPEN) located in the CH3 domain. Subsequent modeling has suggested a possible three‐dimensional minimized solution structure for the interaction of hIgG and the HWRGWV ligand. The results support the fact that a peptide as small as a hexamer can have specific interactions with large proteins such as hIgG. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Regioisomer characterization of triacylglycerols by non‐aqueous reversed‐phase liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry using silver nitrate as a postcolumn reagent
Authors: Lévêque Nathalie L. , Héron Sylvie , Tchapla Alain 
Published: January 2010

AbstractTriacylglycerols (TAGs) provide a challenge for mass spectrometry (MS) analysis because of their complexity. In particular, for dietary, nutritional and metabolic purposes, the positional placement of fatty acids on the glycerol backbone of TAGs is a crucial aspect. To solve this problem, we have investigated the TAGs' fragmentation patterns using an ion trap mass spectrometer. A series of pure regioisomeric pairs of TAGs (POP/PPO, POO/OPO and OSO/SOO) were cationized by Ag+ after their separation by non‐aqueous reversed‐phase liquid chromatography (NARP‐LC) before MS to improve MS sensitivity. Electrospray ionization–MS (ESI‐MS) conditions were optimized in order to produce characteristic [M + Ag + AgNO3]+ ions from each TAG, which were then fragmented to produce MS/MS spectra and then fragmented further to produce up to MS5 spectra. The observation of ions produced by LC‐MS5 of on‐line Ag+‐cationized TAG provided unambiguous information on the fatty acid distribution on the glycerol backbone. These strategies of MS to MS5 experiments were applied to identify components and to determine the regiospecificity of TAG within a complex mixture of lipids in natural oils. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis and cloudiness influence on UV total irradiation
Authors: Santos Julia Bilbao , Villán David Mateos , Castrillo Argimiro de Miguel 
Published: January 2010

AbstractUltraviolet (UV) total solar irradiation, 290–385 nm (UVT), at ground level in Valladolid, Spain (lat. 41°40′N, long. 4°50′W and 840 m a.s.l.), has been recorded from February 2001 to June 2008. The temporal evolution of the UVT irradiation follows a sinusoidal pattern with maximums in summer and minimums in winter. A complete statistical study of hourly and daily values of UVT solar irradiation has been carried out. The results show that the stability is greater in the summer months and it can be concluded that the maximum values can be considered as representative of UVT irradiation. During an average year, the accumulated UVT solar irradiation is 244.5 MJ m−2. The relationships between UVT and global solar irradiation have been analysed finding a relationship of 4.2% between them. A potential relationship between both also provides good results. The dependence of UVT solar radiation with solar elevation and cloudiness has been studied. It can be concluded that solar elevation is the main factor to take into account for modelling the UV solar radiation. The dependence of UV/G ratio with cloudiness has been shown introducing the clearness index or global hemispherical transmittance (kt). This ratio has an increasing trend with the cloud cover and hence, it can be deduced that the presence of clouds reduces the global radiation more strongly than the UV component does. UV hemispherical transmittance (ktuv) has been evaluated. It has been found that ktuv values represent almost 70% of the global hemispherical transmittance in Valladolid city. With a potential relationship between both transmittances coefficient of determination values higher than 0.9 are also achieved. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society
Response to the comments on ‘time trends of daily maximum and minimum temperatures in Catalonia (NE Spain) for the period 1975–2004’
Authors: Martínez M. D. , Serra C. , Burgueño A. , Lana X. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractSome comments published recently on a study of time trends of daily maximum and minimum temperatures, Tmax and Tmin, have generated certain controversy with respect to a specific property of the Standard Normal Homogeneity Test (SNHT) and the applicability of the absolute and relative versions of this test. New insights to both questions are introduced in the present response. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society
Why Pulse Duration Matters in Photovoltaics
Authors: Patel Rajesh S. , Bovatsek Jim , Tamhankar Ashwini 
Published: January 2010

AbstractIn the manufacture of thin‐film photovoltaic (TFPV) solar panels, Q‐switched diode‐pumped solid‐state (DPSS) lasers are routinely used for “laser scribing” – the selective removal of thin‐film materials. These lasers are available at various wavelengths (266–1064nm), output powers (0.5–34W), repetition rates (up to 500KHz) and pulse durations (<10 to greater than 100ns).Developing the ideal laser scribe process – that is, one that removes only the desired material leaving the adjacent material unaffected – can be a challenge. In a non‐ideal scribe process, not only can there be leftover material, but also high ridges can form along the scribe line. Additionally, the supportive glass substrate can develop micro‐cracks that can then cause lift‐off of the thin‐film material. Because these unwanted ridges and burrs interfere with subsequent thin‐film layers, these non‐uniformities can lead to electrical shorts that reduce TFPV efficiencies and yields.This article addresses the various ways in which pulse duration affects the laser scribe process – specifically thin‐film removal thresholds, scribe quality and substrate quality. It is shown that laser systems with shorter pulse durations will generally result in a laser scribe process that has lower material removal thresholds, cleaner scribes and minimal damage to glass substrates, ultimately leading to higher yields and lower overall manufacturing costs of TFPV panels.