bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sialendoscopy‐based diagnosis and classification of parotid duct stenoses
Authors: Koch Michael , Iro Heinrich , Zenk Johannes 
Published: July 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To assess stenoses of Stensen's duct considering findings provided by sialendoscopy‐based direct visualization. A practical classification scheme based on different parameters is presented.Methods:Ultrasonography and sialendoscopy were used to diagnose and analyze symptomatic stenoses of the parotid gland excretory duct in 93 patients. Sialendoscopy was performed with semirigid endoscopes that enabled direct evaluation and classification of those stenoses in terms of tissue quality, luminal narrowing, extend, number, location, and in consideration of possible etiologic diseases or conditions.Results:A total of 111 stenoses were diagnosed in 93 patients. Three types could be distinguished. Stenoses were inflammation‐dominated with various narrowing of the lumen (type I) in 16.1% of patients, fibrous and web‐associated, predominant incomplete (luminal narrowing <50%, type II) in 18.3%, and fibrous, predominant high‐grade (luminal narrowing >50%, type III) in 66.6%. A length of more than 1 cm or diffuse involvement of the duct system was observed in 12.9% of cases. Together 70.1% of all stenoses were found in middle and distal regions of the duct. Multiple stenoses were found in 12.9% of patients, bilateral in 6.5%. Of all patients, 45.2% had diseases possibly implicated in the etiogenesis. Type III stenoses were associated with these comorbidities in up to 100%.Conclusions:Minimally invasive techniques play a central role in the diagnosis and treatment of Stensen's duct stenoses. Sialendoscopy is the diagnostic method of first choice. It enables an exact and direct classification of stenoses and provides additional information for planning effective treatment. Laryngoscope, 2009
Comparison among different available surgical approaches in T1 glottic cancer
Authors: Karatzanis Alexander D. , Psychogios George , Zenk Johannes , Waldfahrer Frank , Hornung Joachim , Velegrakis George A. , Iro Heinrich 
Published: July 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:This study aims to assess the oncologic results of open and transoral surgical techniques in T1a and T1b category glottic carcinomas.Study Design:Retrospective clinical study.Methods:The files of 438 T1a and T1b glottic cancer cases managed with primary surgery were reviewed. Transoral laser surgery and open surgical procedures used to treat these cases, including cordectomy, vertical partial laryngectomy, and frontolateral partial laryngectomy, were compared for disease specific survival and local control rates. In addition, all techniques were compared for incidence of major complications and related tracheotomies.Results:No statistically significant differences were noted between laser surgery and open procedures with regard to disease specific survival and local control for both T1a and T1b cases. Laser surgery showed a significantly lower incidence of complications and tracheotomies.Conclusions:Laser surgery appears to be a very effective management modality for T1 glottic cancer with comparable results to open procedures and a lower incidence of complications. A transcervical approach should be reserved only for selected cases where individual anatomic factors do not permit complete tumor exposure during diagnostic microlaryngoscopy. Laryngoscope, 2009
Fiberoptic videolaryngoscopy during bicycle ergometry: A diagnostic tool for exercise‐induced vocal cord dysfunction
Authors: Tervonen Hanna , Niskanen Minna M. , Sovijärvi Anssi R. , Hakulinen Auli S. , Vilkman Erkki A. , Aaltonen Leena‐Maija 
Published: July 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Exercise‐induced vocal cord dysfunction is difficult to diagnose because the paradoxical vocal cord adduction should be observed during exercise. Our goal was to develop and validate a new diagnostic method for exercise‐induced vocal cord dysfunction by combining continuous fiberoptic laryngoscopy with a bicycle ergometry test.Methods:Thirty consecutive patients referred to a laryngologist because of suspicion of exercise‐induced vocal cord dysfunction and 15 healthy controls underwent the exercise test until dyspnea or exhaustion rated as 18–19/20 on the Borg scale. Laryngeal findings, electrocardiography, blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory rate were monitored, and forced expiratory flow in the first second was measured before and after the exercise. The medical history was assessed by use of a structured questionnaire.Results:Among the 30 patients, 27 (90%) performed the test successfully, as did all controls. Diagnostic signs of inspiratory stridor, supraglottic collapse, and vocal cord adduction appeared in five (19%) patients but in none of the controls. Of the 30 patients referred, the laryngologist considered 25 to be suspect. Of them, 9 (36%) showed signs diagnostic or highly suspect for exercise‐induced vocal cord dysfunction. Of the 15 patients whose dyspnea could be induced during the test, nine (60%) were suspected of having exercise‐induced vocal cord dysfunction.Conclusions:Fiberoptic videolaryngoscopy during bicycle ergometry was a well‐tolerated and relatively easily established diagnostic tool that could induce dyspnea in more than one half the patients examined. If the symptom of dyspnea appeared, the most frequent diagnosis was exercise‐ induced vocal cord dysfunction. Laryngoscope, 2009
Pertussis in adulthood
Authors: Poirrier Anne‐Lise , Gillard‐Tromme Noelle , Lefebvre Philippe P. , El‐Shazly Amr 
Published: July 2009

AbstractWhooping cough is resurgent in the developed world. Systematic vaccination has changed its epidemiology, with the majority of cases now primarily affecting adolescents and adults. A 46‐year‐old male physiotherapist presented with a 1‐week history of bothersome cough and respiratory difficulties, and a 51‐year‐old man was admitted to the emergency department with a 4‐week history of increasing cough and dyspnea. Polymerase chain reaction of nasopharyngeal swab were positive for Bordetella pertussis. These cases illustrate pertussis in adulthood. We review the clinical features, the prevalence, the diagnostic tools, and the management of the patients and their relatives to increase awareness of this highly contagious disease. Laryngoscope, 2009
Rhinovirus upregulates matrix metalloproteinase‐2, matrix metalloproteinase‐9, and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in nasal polyp fibroblasts
Authors: Wang Jong Hwan , Kwon Hyun Ja , Jang Yong Ju 
Published: July 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been suggested to have an important role in the pathogenesis of nasal polyps (NPs). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of rhinovirus (RV) infection on the expression of MMPs, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)‐1, and VEGF in NP fibroblasts.Methods:NP fibroblasts (5 × 105 cells/mL) obtained from patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) were infected with RV serotype 16 (RV‐16) for 4 hours. The RV‐16 infection was confirmed by seminested reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) and in situ hybridization. After 48 hours, MMP‐2, MMP‐9, TIMP‐1, and VEGF protein levels were measured from culture supernatants by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. The changes in the expression of MMP‐2, MMP‐9, TIMP‐1, and VEGF mRNA were assayed by RT‐PCR.Results:RV‐16 infection significantly enhanced the gene and protein expressions of MMP‐2, MMP‐9, and VEGF in NP fibroblasts, whereas TIMP‐1 expression was not significantly affected by RV‐16. MMP‐2, MMP‐9, and VEGF protein expression increased by 2.39‐, 2.99‐, and 3.02‐fold, respectively, in RV‐infected NP fibroblasts compared to noninfected controls. RV‐16 infection also significantly upregulated the expression of MMP‐2, MMP‐9, and VEGF mRNA by 1.27‐, 1.70‐, and 1.53‐fold, respectively, compared to control levels.Conclusions:These in vitro findings suggest that RV infection may contribute to the pathogenesis of NP formation in patients with CRSwNP. Laryngoscope, 2009
Coprevalence and impact of dysphonia and hearing loss in the elderly
Authors: Cohen Seth M. , Turley Richard 
Published: July 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To determine the coprevalence of voice problems and hearing loss in the elderly, to assess whether hearing loss is a risk factor for dysphonia, and to evaluate the quality‐of‐life impact of dysphonia and hearing loss among the elderly.Study Design:Cross‐sectional study of independent living residents in two retirement communities.Methods:Main outcome measures include prevalence of dysphonia and hearing loss, Voice Related Quality of Life (VRQOL), Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly–Screening Version (HHIE‐S), and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES‐D) scale. Relationships between continuous variables were analyzed with Spearman correlation, between categorical variables with chi‐square, and between categorical and continuous variable with analysis of variance (ANOVA) on ranks.Results:A total of 248 residents responded with a mean age of 82.4 years. Of those, 19.8% had dysphonia, 50.0% had hearing loss, and 10.5% had both. Respondents with hearing loss were more likely to have dysphonia than those without hearing loss (odds ratio = 2.31, 95% confidence interval, 1.19‐4.47). Worse VRQOL scores were associated with more impairment on the HHIE‐S (Spearman correlation = −0.36, P < .001). Respondents with both dysphonia and hearing loss had greater depression scores than those with neither symptom (median CES‐D score 13 vs. 8, P = .03, ANOVA on ranks, Dunn's method, P < .05).Conclusions:Voice problems and hearing loss are common in the elderly, adversely impact quality of life, and require simultaneous management. Laryngoscope, 2009
Value structures in a decoy and compromise effect experiment
Authors: Pechtl Hans 
Published: July 2009

AbstractTwo processes have been identified as governing decoy and compromise effects in decision making: The value shift process suggests that the decoy influences the cognitive evaluation of the target or the competitor in terms of their perceived attribute values. The value added process postulates that the decoy provides an increment in value for the target because the presence of the decoy helps justify the choice of the target over the competitor. Several theories for explaining such value shifts are analyzed and then tested in an experimental setting. The results are surprising and contradict traditional assumptions, since a negative value shift is established for the target relative to the competitor. Furthermore, there are clear indications that value shift and value added processes operate simultaneously and may compensate for one another. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Complaining: A function of attitude, personality, and situation
Authors: Thøgersen John , Juhl Hans Jørn , Poulsen Carsten Stig 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe random nature of situations where an acquired product or service contains a defect or deficiency means that consumers usually have no experience of seeking redress (i.e., complaining), or their experience may be from totally different situations. Because of this, most people have not formed a clear attitude about how to behave in the specific situation and they may also be uncertain about social norms for proper behavior. Hence, their behavior is guided by more general traits and dispositions as well as by situation‐specific factors, which are bound to exert a relatively strong influence on behavior. This study confirms that the likelihood that consumers will complain over defects and deficiencies depends a lot on the situation and specifically on the size of the loss due to the defect and deficiency. However, some individuals refrain from complaining even in serious cases. This study shows that the propensity to complain depends on the person's attitude toward complaining and on personality traits (inclination to become dissatisfied). The two latter variables reinforce one another. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Is this dystonia?
Authors: Albanese Alberto , Lalli Stefania 
Published: July 2009

AbstractTorsion dystonia is characterized by sustained muscle contractions causing twisting and repetitive movements and abnormal postures. The diagnosis can be made difficult, delayed, and often misled by several factors: variability of dystonia presentation, uncertain recognition of the specific physical signs, lack of diagnostic tests, wide etiological spectrum, and coexistence of other movement disorders. Diagnostic tools are of limited assistance for the diagnosis of dystonia, which remains based on clinical diagnostic skills. We propose here, a new diagnostic algorithm to systematize the clinical diagnostic workout. A correct recognition of the physical signs that constitute the hallmark of most dystonia syndromes provides the grounds to perform a structured diagnostic sequence and share a consistent methodology. This clinical algorithm may be enhanced by adding diagnostic tools for dystonia, once their diagnostic value is assessed. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society
Polyphenol metabolites from colonic microbiota exert anti‐inflammatory activity on different inflammation models
Authors: Larrosa Mar , Luceri Cristina , Vivoli Elisa , Pagliuca Chiara , Lodovici Maura , Moneti Gloriano , Dolara Piero 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe polyphenols in fruits and vegetables may be partly responsible for the health‐promoting effects attributed to fruit and vegetable intake. Although their properties have been relatively well studied, the activity of their metabolites, produced after ingestion, has been poorly investigated. Thus, the aim of this work was to study the potential anti‐inflammatory effect of 18 polyphenol metabolites, derived from colon microbiota. They were screened by measuring prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production by CCD‐18 colon fibroblast cells stimulated with IL‐1β. Metabolites that inhibited more than 50% PGE2 production were hydrocaffeic (HCAF), dihydroxyphenyl acetic (dOHPA), and hydroferulic acid (HFER), that subsequently were tested with the writhing and paw pressure test in rodents where all three compounds showed an anti‐inflammatory effect. The effect of HCAF administered orally (50 mg/kg) was also tested in the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)‐induced colitis model. Weight loss and fecal water content were more pronounced in DSS rats than in DSS‐HCAF treated rats. HCAF treatment diminished the expression of the cytokines IL‐1β, IL‐8, and TNF‐α, reduced malonyldialdehyde (MDA) levels and oxidative DNA damage (measured as 8‐oxo‐2′‐deoxyguanosine levels) in distal colon mucosa. These results indicate that HCAF, dOHPA, and HFER have anti‐inflammatory activity in vitro and in vivo.
Naturally occurring flavonoids attenuate high glucose‐induced expression of proinflammatory cytokines in human monocytic THP‐1 cells
Authors: Wu Chi‐Hao , Wu Cheng‐Feng , Huang Hsiao‐Wen , Jao Ya‐Chien , Yen Gow‐Chin 
Published: July 2009

AbstractActivation of circulating monocytes by hyperglycemia is bound to play a role in inflammatory and atherosclerosis. In this study, we examined whether flavonoids (catechin, EGCG, luteolin, quercetin, rutin) – phytochemicals that may possible belong to a new class of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) inhibitors – can attenuate high glucose (15 mmol/L, HG)‐induced inflammation in human monocytes. Our results show that all flavonoids significantly inhibited HG‐induced expression of proinflammatory genes and proteins, including TNF‐α, interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), and cyclooxygenase (COX)‐2, at a concentration of 20 μM. Flavonoids also prevented oxidative stress in activated monocytes, as demonstrated by their inhibitory effects on intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Nε‐(carboxymethyl)lysine formation caused by HG. These inhibitory effects may involve inhibition of nuclear factor‐κB activation and may be supported by downregulation of the following: i) PKC‐dependent NADPH oxidase pathway; ii) phosphorylation of p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase and extracellular signal‐regulated protein kinase, and iii) mRNA expression of receptor of AGEs. In addition, we found for the first time that lower levels of Bcl‐2 protein under HG conditions could be countered by the action of flavonoids. Our data suggest that, along with their antioxidant activities, flavonoids possess anti‐inflammatory properties and might therefore have additional protective effects against glycotoxin‐related inflammation.
A novel approach to the rapid assignment of 13C NMR spectra of major components of vegetable oils such as avocado, mango kernel and macadamia nut oils
Authors: Retief Liezel , McKenzie Jean M. , Koch Klaus R. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractAssignment of 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of major fatty acid components of South African produced vegetable oils was attempted using a method in which the vegetable oil was spiked with a standard triacylglycerol. This proved to be inadequate and therefore a new rapid and potentially generic graphical linear correlation method is proposed for assignment of the 13C NMR spectra of major fatty acid components of apricot kernel, avocado pear, grapeseed, macadamia nut, mango kernel and marula vegetable oils. In this graphical correlation method, chemical shifts of fatty acids present in a known standard triacylglycerol is plotted against the corresponding chemical shifts of fatty acids present in the vegetable oils. This new approach (under carefully defined conditions and concentrations) was found especially useful for spectrally crowded regions where significant peak overlap occurs and was validated with the well‐known 13C NMR spectrum of olive oil which has been extensively reported in the literature. In this way, a full assignment of the 13C{1H} NMR spectra of the vegetable oils, as well as tripalmitolein was readily achieved and the resonances belonging to the palmitoleic acid component of the triacylglycerols in the case of macadamia nut and avocado pear oil resonances were also assigned for the first time in the 13C NMR spectra of these oils. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluation of a rapid, multiphase MRE sequence in a heart‐simulating phantom
Authors: Kolipaka Arunark , McGee Kiaran P. , Araoz Philip A. , Glaser Kevin J. , Manduca Armando , Ehman Richard L. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe aims of this study were to validate stiffness estimates of a phantom undergoing cyclic deformation obtained using a multiphase magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) imaging sequence by comparison with those obtained using a single‐phase MRE sequence and to quantify the stability of the multiphase‐derived stiffness estimates as a function of deformation frequency and imaging parameters. A spherical rubber shell of 10 cm diameter and 1 cm thickness was connected to a computerized flow pump to produce cyclic pressure variations within the phantom. The phantom was imaged at cyclic pressures between 18–72 bpm using single‐phase and multiphase MRE acquisitions. The shear stiffness of the phantom was resolved using a spherical shell wave inversion algorithm. Shear stiffness was averaged over the slice of interest and plotted against pressure within the phantom. A linear correlation was observed between stiffness and pressure. Good correlation (R2 = 0.98) was observed between the stiffness estimates obtained using the standard single‐phase and the multiphase pulse sequences. Stiffness estimates obtained using multiphase MRE were stable when the fraction of the deformation period required for acquisition of a single image was not greater than 42%. The results demonstrate the potential of multiphase MRE technique for imaging dynamic organs, such as the heart. Magn Reson Med, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
On a third‐order Newton‐type method free of bilinear operators
Authors: Amat S. , Bermúdez C. , Busquier S. , Plaza S. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThis paper is devoted to the study of a third‐order Newton‐type method. The method is free of bilinear operators, which constitutes the main limitation of the classical third‐order iterative schemes. First, a global convergence theorem in the real case is presented. Second, a semilocal convergence theorem and some examples are analyzed, including quadratic equations and integral equations. Finally, an approximation using divided differences is proposed and used for the approximation of boundary‐value problems. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An implicit wavelet sparse approximate inverse preconditioner using block finger pattern
Authors: Imakura A. , Sogabe T. , Zhang S.‐L. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractRecently, an implicit wavelet sparse approximate inverse (IW‐SPAI hereafter) preconditioner has been proposed by Hawkins and Chen for nonsymmetric linear systems. The preconditioning matrix of the IW‐SPAI is characterized by a special sparse structure, the so‐calledfinger pattern, which makes it possible to construct a good sparse approximate inverse. Since the IW‐SPAI requires a number of QR factorizations with substantial costs to construct the preconditioner, there is a strong need to construct the IW‐SPAI more efficiently. The target of this paper is to reduce the costs of the IW‐SPAI using Haar basis. Under the strategy of classifying the QR factorizations into several groups and reducing the number of QR factorizations, in this paper, we introduce ablock finger patternfor Haar basis in the place of the finger pattern as the nonzero pattern of the preconditioning matrix. From the block finger pattern, we propose an implicit wavelet sparse approximate inverse preconditioner using block finger pattern (BIW‐SPAI hereafter). Numerical experiments indicate that the BIW‐SPAI is often more efficient than the IW‐SPAI. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A fast dual boundary element method for 3D anisotropic crack problems
Authors: Benedetti I. , Milazzo A. , Aliabadi M. H. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractIn the present paper a fast solver for dual boundary element analysis of 3D anisotropic crack problems is formulated, implemented and tested. The fast solver is based on the use of hierarchical matrices for the representation of the collocation matrix. The admissible low rank blocks are computed by adaptive cross approximation (ACA). The performance of ACA against the accuracy of the adopted computational scheme for the evaluation of the anisotropic kernels is investigated, focusing on the balance between the kernel representation accuracy and the accuracy required for ACA. The system solution is computed by a preconditioned GMRES and the preconditioner is built exploiting the hierarchical arithmetic and taking full advantage of the hierarchical format. The effectiveness of the proposed technique for anisotropic crack problems has been numerically demonstrated, highlighting the accuracy as well as the significant reduction in memory storage and analysis time. In particular, it has been numerically shown that the computational cost grows almost linearly with the number of degrees of freedom, obtaining up to solution speedups of order 10 for systems of order 104. Moreover, the sensitivity of the performance of the numerical scheme to materials with different degrees of anisotropy has been assessed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.