bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitative detection of adulterated olive oil by Raman spectroscopy and chemometrics
Authors: Zhang Xiao‐Fang , Zou Ming‐Qiang , Qi Xiao‐Hua , Liu Feng , Zhang Cheng , Yin Feng 
Published: May 2011

AbstractCommercially available extra virgin olive oils are often adulterated with some other cheaper edible oils with similar chemical compositions. A set of extra virgin olive oil samples adulterated with soybean oil, corn oil and sunflower seed oil were characterized by Raman spectra in the region 1000–1800 cm−1. Based on the intensity of the Raman spectra with vibrational bands normalized by the band at 1441 cm−1 (CH2), external standard method (ESM) was employed for the quantitative analysis, which was compared with the results achieved by support vector machine (SVM) methods. By plotting the adulterant content of extra virgin olive oil versus its corresponding band intensity in the Raman spectrum at 1265 cm−1, the calibration curve was obtained. Coefficient of determination (R2) of each curve was 0.9956, 0.9915 and 0.9905 for extra virgin olive oil samples adulterated with soybean oil, corn oil and sunflower seed oil, respectively. The mean absolute relative errors were calculated as 7.41, 7.78 and 9.45%, respectively, with ESM, while they were 5.10, 6.96 and 4.55, in the SVM model, respectively. The prediction accuracy shows that the ESM based on Raman spectroscopy is a promising technique for the authentication of extra virgin olive oil. The method also has the advantages of simplicity, time savings and non‐requirement of sample preprocessing; especially, a portable Raman system is suitable for on‐site testing and quality control in field applications. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The vibrational spectra of the cyanide ligand revisited: the ν(CN) infrared and Raman spectroscopy of Prussian blue and its analogues
Authors: Kettle Sidney F. A. , Diana Eliano , Marchese Edoardo M. C. , Boccaleri Enrico , Stanghellini Pier Luigi 
Published: May 2011

AbstractA careful analysis of the Raman spectra of the M′x[M(CN)6]y Prussian blue species has enabled a general model for the interpretation of the ν(CN) vibrational spectra. The spectral patterns are derived from those of the metal ions with local Oh symmetry. Two limiting models are discussed. A ‘localized mode’ model, involving matrix‐isolated species, is in much better accord with the observations than a ‘factor group’ model. The use of the infrared feature as fingerprint of specific MCNM′ units arises from the axis‐specific nature of individual T1u modes. The interpretation of the A1g and Eg Raman features is done in terms of localized vibrations, with involvement of additional energy terms from the lattice motions. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Raman spectroscopy study of damage induced in fluorapatite by swift heavy ion irradiations
Authors: Miro S. , Costantini J. M. , Bardeau J. F. , Chateigner D. , Studer F. , Balanzat E. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractRaman spectroscopy was used to study the radiation damage of fluorapatite single crystals and sinters. Krypton and iodine ion irradiations were performed at high energies (∼1 MeV amu−1) for fluences ranging between 1 × 1011 and 5 × 1013 cm−2. Evolution of the symmetric stretching mode of the PO43− tetrahedral building blocks (strongest Raman mode observed at 965 cm−1) versus ion fluence was investigated. After irradiation, this peak decreases in intensity and a second broader peak appears at lower wavenumber. The well‐resolved peak has been assigned to the crystalline phase, and the broader one to the amorphous phase. The integrated intensity ratios of these two peaks versus fluence are in good agreement with the damage fractions determined by X‐ray diffraction (XRD). Fits of the amorphous fraction versus fluence show that the amorphization mechanisms is dominated by a single‐impact process for iodine ions and by a double‐impact process for krypton ions in the case of single crystals and sinters. For both irradiations, complete amorphization could not be obtained. The amorphous fraction saturates at a maximum value of 88% for sinters and 72% for single crystals. This is attributed to a recrystallization effect which is more important in single crystals than in sinters. For both types of samples, the crystalline peak shifts slightly to a lower wavenumber with fluence, and then shifts back to its initial value for an amorphous fraction larger than 60%. This feature is attributed to a stress relaxation, as shown in the XRD data, which is accompanied by a decrease of the crystalline peak full‐width at half‐maximum. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Real‐time monitoring of active ingredient dispersion in a pharmaceutical aqueous suspension using Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Pu Yu , Medendorp Joseph P. , Yonzon Chanda R. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractIn a typical aqueous nasal suspension manufacturing process, the homogeneity of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) dispersion in a premix vessel is determined merely by visual observation. In this study, to better demonstrate in‐process control, Raman spectroscopy was developed as a process analytical tool (PAT) to monitor the real‐time API dispersion homogeneity in the active premix process. The end‐point variations of the API dispersion as a function of the surfactant type, surfactant concentration, and agitation speed were evaluated by dispersive Raman spectroscopy in combination with multivariate analysis for both lab‐scale and pilot‐scale batches. The optimal surfactant concentration and type were determined to be 0.2% surfactant A for the active dispersion based on a quantitative end‐point comparison. In addition, a chemometric model was developed successfully for the real‐time prediction of API concentration in the active premix, with a root mean squared error of prediction (RMSEP) of 5.4%. In conclusion, Raman spectroscopy has proven to be a viable PAT tool to qualitatively and quantitatively assess the active premix homogeneity in an aqueous nasal suspension manufacturing process. In the future, this method can potentially be used in the commercial manufacturing process for in‐process control of the dispersion homogeneity of the suspension. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis of the chromite inclusions found in nephrite minerals obtained from different deposits using SEM‐EDS and LRS
Authors: Zhang Z. W. , Gan F. X. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractScanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM‐EDS) and laser Raman spectroscopy (LRS) were used to analyse the chromite inclusions found in four samples of the mineral nephrite that were obtained from Taiwan (one), Manasi in China (two) and New Zealand (one). The chromite inclusions found in sample HL‐1 (Taiwan) contain low contents of Mg and Al, as well as a characteristically high Zn content. The most significant finding, however, was that HL‐1 could also be distinguished from the other samples by the lower wavenumbers of the positions of the peaks that belong to the A1g, F2g(1) and Eg modes. Compared to the difference in compositions, the difference in the positions of the peaks in the Raman spectra of the chromite inclusions, as revealed by LRS, can more easily be used to distinguish between samples of nephrite that have been obtained from different deposits, and in particular to identify the provenance of the raw material used in ancient nephrite artefacts, in view of the fact that LRS is non‐destructive and easy to apply. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Phase solubility studies and stability of cholesterol/β‐cyclodextrin inclusion complexes
Authors: dos Santos Cristina , Buera María P , Mazzobre María F 
Published: May 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND: Cyclodextrins (CDs) are able to enhance the solubility, stability and bioavailability of several bioactive hydrophobic compounds by complex formation. They can also be used for removal of undesired components (such as cholesterol, off‐flavors or bitter components) present in foods. Although many patents account for the use of cyclodextrins for removal of cholesterol from dairy foods, there is no available information on the effect of water on encapsulation efficiency and on the stability of sterols in CDs. The aim of this work was to study the inclusion properties and the factors affecting the encapsulation and stability of cholesterol in β‐cyclodextrin (BCD). The optimum encapsulation conditions (ligand–CD molar ratio, stirring time and temperature), and stability of the complexes as a function of storage time and water content were analyzed.RESULTS: Phase solubility study pointed out the formation of 1:1 stoichiometric complexes between cholesterol and β‐cyclodextrin, which was influenced by temperature variations. The process was shown to be exothermic and energetically favored. The presence of cholesterol greatly modified the BCD water sorption curves, being the amount of adsorbed water smaller in the combined systems. The principal ‘driving force’ for complex formation is the substitution of the high‐enthalpy water molecules by an appropriate hydrophobic ligand. The freeze‐dried complexes probed to be stable at different storage conditions.CONCLUSION: The phase solubility and stability data obtained could be essential for selecting the most suitable conditions when CDs are employed either for removing cholesterol or to incorporate functional ingredients (i.e. sitosterol) in the development of innovative food products. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Type II radical hysterectomy and adjuvant therapy for pelvic lymph node metastasis with stage IB–IIB cervical carcinoma: A retrospective study of 288 patients
Authors: Zheng Min , Huang Long , Liu Ji‐Hong , Xiong Ying , Li Jun‐Dong , Huang Xin , He Li , Ren Yu‐Feng , Wang Hui‐Yun 
Published: May 2011

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate type II radical hysterectomy with or without adjuvant therapy as a treatment for patients with pelvic lymph node metastasis (PLNM) and stage IB–IIB cervical carcinoma.MethodsA total of 288 patients with stage IB–IIB cervical carcinoma and confirmed PLNM who underwent a type II radical hysterectomy between 1995 and 2005 were retrospectively evaluated.ResultsThe 5‐year overall survival (OS) rate for this cohort was 65.6%, and independent prognostic factors identified for PLNM patients included a non‐squamous cell histological subtype and parametrial involvement. Survival differences between patients that received or did not receive adjuvant treatment were also evaluated, and the 5‐year OS and DFS rates for patients who did not receive adjuvant therapy (47 and 41.4%, respectively) were much lower than the rates for patients who did receive adjuvant therapies (67.7 and 59.4%, respectively). However, these differences were not statistically significant (OS, P = 0.057; DFS, P = 0.080).ConclusionsType II radical hysterectomy, in combination with adjuvant therapies, is an efficient treatment for PLNM patients with stage IB–IIB cervical cancer. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011; 104:480–485. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Less false‐negative sentinel node procedures in melanoma patients with experience and proper collaboration
Authors: Veenstra Hidde J. , Wouters Michel J.W.M. , Kroon Bin B.R. , Olmos Renato. A. Valdés , Nieweg Omgo E. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractBackground and objectivesThe aims of the study were to determine the percentage of false‐negative sentinel node procedures in melanoma patients, to investigate the time cohort of these recurrences, whether a learning phase was involved and to search for causes of the failures.MethodsBetween December 1993 and December 2008, 708 melanoma patients underwent a sentinel node biopsy. The procedure was considered false‐negative if a recurrence developed in the basin from which a tumor‐free sentinel node had been removed. Of all false‐negative cases, the pre‐operative images, operative report and pathology slides were reviewed.ResultsSentinel node biopsy was positive in 164 (23%) of the patients and false‐negative in 10 (1.4%), which results in a false‐negative rate of 5.7%. Five of the 10 failures occurred in the first year after the sentinel node biopsy was introduced. Causes for these false‐negative procedures could be attributed once to the nuclear medicine physician, once to the surgeon and twice to the pathologist.ConclusionThe sentinel node procedure failed to identify involvement in 5.7% of the patients with lymph node metastases. Half of the false‐negative biopsies took place in the first year after the procedure was introduced, illustrating the existence of a learning period. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011; 104:454–457. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Treatment of borderline cases for curative resection of biliary tract cancer
Authors: Kobayashi Shogo , Nagano Hiroaki , Marubashi Shigeru , Wada Hiroshi , Eguchi Hidetoshi , Takeda Yutaka , Tanemura Masahiro , Umeshita Koji , Doki Yuichiro , Mori Masaki 
Published: May 2011

AbstractBackground and AimTo dissect the high rate of non‐curative resection associated with biliary tract caner, we compared the outcome of non‐curative resection with that of inoperable cancer in patients referred for surgery.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 447 patients with biliary tract cancer who were referred to our hospital between 1970 and 2008. We compared the background and overall survival (OS) rates accordingly to surgery (curative resection, non‐curative resection, or no surgery “inoperable”) and alternative therapies (chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy).ResultsThe 3‐year OS rate was 19% for the non‐curative resection group (n = 72) and 2% for the inoperable group (n = 135, P < 0.0001). Among the inoperable cases, the 3‐year OS rate for patient who received chemotherapy, including gemcitabine (GEM), was 18% (n = 18), which was similar to that of patients of the non‐curative resection who were treated with GEM (P = 0.7379). There were no significant differences in survival between non‐curative resection without GEM and inoperable cases with GEM‐based chemotherapy.ConclusionOur results indicate that the prognosis of patients who undergo non‐curative surgery is better than those with inoperable cancer, but similar to those who receive chemotherapy including GEM. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011; 104:499–503. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Discontinuous Galerkin methods in nanophotonics
Authors: Busch K. , König M. , Niegemann J. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThis article reviews the state of the recently developed discontinuous Galerkin finite element method for the efficient numerical treatment of nanophotonic systems. This approach combines the accurate and flexible spatial discretisation of classical finite elements with efficient time stepping capabilities. We describe in detail the underlying principles of the discontinuous Galerkin technique and its application to the simulation of complex nanophotonic structures. In addition, formulations for both time‐ and frequency‐domain solvers are provided and specific advantages and limitations of the technique are discussed. The potential of the discontinuous Galerkin approach is illustrated by modelling and simulating several experimentally relevant systems.
Combined influence of selective focus and decision involvement on attitude–behavior consistency in a context of memory‐based decision making
Authors: Van Kerckhove Anneleen , Vermeir Iris , Geuens Maggie 
Published: May 2011

AbstractMarketers often use salient stimuli to draw consumers' attention to a specific brand in the hope that a selective focus on the brand increases the sales of this brand. However, previous studies are inconsistent concerning the impact that selectively focusing on a specific brand has on final brand choice. To offer an explanation for these inconsistent results, this paper introduces decision involvement as a moderator of the relation between selective focus and attitude–decision consistency. Two studies indicate that selectively focusing on a not preferred alternative indeed alters choice decisions, but only when decision involvement is low. Study 1 further shows that this interaction effect between selective focus and involvement takes place in the selection rather than the brand consideration stage. By introducing level of processing along with decision involvement, Study 2 shows that the interaction effect emerges even in limited processing conditions. The study also reconciles different explanations for the negative effect of selective focus on attitude–behavior consistency. Selectively focusing on a not preferred choice option when consumers are low involved and use limited processing seems to lead to inconsistent choices because of an increased accessibility of the focal option, whereas selective focus on a not preferred option when consumers are low involved and use deep processing lead to inconsistent choices because of attitude polarization. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Functional magnetic resonance imaging in consumer research: A review and application
Authors: Reimann Martin , Schilke Oliver , Weber Bernd , Neuhaus Carolin , Zaichkowsky Judith 
Published: May 2011

AbstractAlthough the field of psychology is undergoing an immense shift toward the use of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), the application of this methodology to consumer research is relatively new. To assist consumer researchers in understanding fMRI, this paper elaborates on the findings of prior fMRI research related to consumer behavior and highlights the features that make fMRI an attractive method for consumer and marketing research. The authors discuss advantages and limitations and illustrate the proposed procedures with an applied study, which investigates loss aversion when buying and selling a common product. Results reveal a significantly stronger activation in the amygdala while consumers estimate selling prices versus buying prices, suggesting that loss aversion is associated with the processing of negative emotion. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Interaction of Cyclooxygenase‐2 promoter polymorphisms with Helicobacter pylori infection and risk of gastric cancer
Authors: Zhang Xuemei , Zhong Rong , Zhang Zhi , Yuan Juxiang , Liu Li , Wang Yan , Kadlubar Susan , Feng Fumin , Miao Xiaoping 
Published: May 2011

AbstractOverexpression of cyclooxygenase (COX)‐2 has been implicated in the development of cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between genetic variants in COX‐2 promoter interacting with Helicobacter pylori and the susceptibility to gastric cancer (GC). Three COX‐2 polymorphisms −1290A>G (rs689465), −1195G>A (rs689466), and −765G>C (rs20417) were genotyped in 323 GC patients and 944 controls. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by logistic regression model. In GC patients, the ORs were 2.33 (95% CI = 1.50–3.63) and 2.70 (95% CI = 1.68–4.33) for −1195AA and −765CG genotype carriers, respectively. Haplotype analysis showed all −1195A allele‐containing haplotypes, except G−1290–A−1195–G−765, were associated with increased risk for GC, compared with the A−1290–G−1195–G−765 haplotype. Moreover, significant multiplicative and additive interactions were observed between H. pylori infection and all these three polymorphisms, and H. pylori‐infected subjects carrying the variant allele of −1290A>G, −1195G>A, or −765G>C had increased risk of GC compared with non‐H. pylori‐infected subjects with wild‐type allele (OR = 4.10, 95% CI = 1.90–8.83; OR = 3.46, 95% CI = 1.31–9.11; and OR = 3.32, 95% = 1.27–8.73, respectively). Our results suggested that the COX‐2 promoter polymorphisms were associated with increased risk of GC, especially interacting with H. pylori infection. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Genetic polymorphisms in APE1 are associated with renal cell carcinoma risk in a Chinese population
Authors: Cao Qiang , Qin Chao , Meng Xiaoxin , Ju Xiaobing , Ding Qi , Wang Meilin , Zhu Jian , Wang Wei , Li Pu , Chen Jiawei , Zhang Zhengdong , Yin Changjun 
Published: May 2011

AbstractApurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) is a DNA repair protein, which plays important roles in the base excision repair (BER) pathway. Genetic variations of APE1 have been shown to influence an individual's susceptibility to carcinogenesis. We hypothesized the genetic polymorphisms of APE1 are associated with the risk of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). In a case‐control study of 612 RCC patients and 632 age and sex matched healthy controls, we genotyped two APE1 functional polymorphisms (−656 T>G, rs1760944 and 1349 T>G, rs1130409) and assessed their associations with risk of RCC. We found that, compared with 1349 TT/TG genotypes, the variant genotype 1349 GG had a significantly increased RCC risk [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.47, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.10–1.95], particularly among subgroups of BMI > 23 kg/m2 (OR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.06–2.22), male (OR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.17–2.46), never smokers (OR = 1.56, 95% CI = 1.11–2.21), light smokers (OR = 2.01, 95%CI = 1.02–3.95), and drinkers (OR = 2.00, 95% CI = 1.13–3.54). Furthermore, the polymorphism was significantly associated with risk of developing localized stage RCC. No altered RCC risk was associated with the −656 T>G polymorphism, but we found individuals who were homozygous for both risk alleles of the two SNPs had a 2.17‐fold increased risk for RCC, compared to individuals with 0 risk alleles. Our results suggest that polymorphisms of APE1 may confer susceptibility to RCC. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Protective role of cathepsin L in mouse skin carcinogenesis
Authors: Benavides Fernando , Perez Carlos , Blando Jorge , Contreras Oscar , Shen Jianjun , Coussens Lisa M. , Fischer Susan M. , Kusewitt Donna F. , DiGiovanni John , Conti Claudio J. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractLysosomal cysteine protease cathepsin L (CTSL) is believed to play a role in tumor progression and is considered a marker for clinically invasive tumors. Studies from our laboratory using the classical mouse skin carcinogenesis model, with 7,12‐dimethyl‐benz[a]anthracene (DMBA) for initiation and 12‐O‐tetradecanoylphorbol‐13‐acetate (TPA) for promotion, showed that expression of CTSL is increased in papillomas and squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). We also carried out carcinogenesis studies using Ctsl‐deficient nackt (nkt) mutant mice on three different inbred backgrounds. Unexpectedly, the multiplicity of papillomas was significantly higher in Ctsl‐deficient than in wild‐type mice on two unrelated backgrounds. Topical applications of TPA or DMBA alone to the skin of nkt/nkt mice did not induce papillomas, and there was no increase in spontaneous tumors in nkt/nkt mice on any of the three inbred backgrounds. Reduced epidermal cell proliferation in Ctsl‐deficient nkt/nkt mice after TPA treatment suggested that they are not more sensitive than wild‐type mice to TPA promotion. We also showed that deficiency of CTSL delays terminal differentiation of keratinocytes, and we propose that decreased elimination of initiated cells is at least partially responsible for the increased papilloma formation in the nackt model. Mol. Carcinog. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.