bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of facilitative vowel contexts in the treatment of post‐alveolar fronting: a case study
Authors: Stokes Stephanie F. , Griffiths Rebecca 
Published: February 2010

Background: School‐aged children with persisting speech sound disorders (SSDs) may show little improvement in speech accuracy following phonological or articulation therapy.Aims: To determine the effects of establishing consonant production in facilitative vowel contexts for a 7‐year‐old boy (CD) with persisting post‐alveolar fronting. CD had received phonological awareness therapy and traditional articulation therapy as part of a community caseload. However, his post‐alveolar fronting showed resistance to therapy.Methods & Procedures: CD received individual therapy for nine 45–55‐min sessions. A checklist of quality indicators for single‐subject research was used to explore the likelihood that a community clinic could meet quality indicators. Fifteen test words in each of target, generalization and control sets were measured at five times pre‐, during and post‐therapy. A trend analysis was used to measure the statistical significance of the results and to demonstrate the efficacy of therapy.Outcomes & Results: Therapy was successful. Gains on treatment and generalization test items were rapid and significantly higher than gains on control test items. Only three of 21 single‐subject research quality indicators were not met in this research.Conclusions & Implications: Targeting facilitative vowel contexts was successful for this 7‐year‐old boy with persisting post‐alveolar fronting which had been resistant to other therapy techniques. Speech and language therapists are encouraged to ensure that quality indicators for single‐subject interventions are built into regular practice.
Investigating children's ability to reflect on stored phonological representations: the Silent Deletion of Phonemes Task
Authors: Claessen Mary , Leitão Suze , Barrett Nick 
Published: February 2010

Background:The development of children's speech, language, and literacy skills is considered to build on a robust and intact speech‐processing system, with normally functioning skills at all levels of input and output processing, as well as storage. There are a range of tasks available that assess input and output processing skills, however there are few tasks described in the literature that require a child to reflect on and analyse the internal structure of their own phonological representations.Aims:This paper will describe the development of the Silent Deletion of Phonemes (SDOP) task. This task is designed to assess a child's ability to delete and manipulate sounds silently within their own stored representations while minimizing the impact of any output difficulties.Methods & Procedures:The SDOP task was presented to 69 typically developing mainstream Year 2 children (aged 7;2–8;1 years) as part of a battery of phonological processing skills and literacy measures.Outcomes & Results:Scores for the population of typically developing Year 2 children were normally distributed and above a basal level but not approaching ceiling. Performance on the SDOP was significantly correlated with other measures of phonological processing but not a measure of non‐verbal ability. It was most highly correlated with the measure of phonological awareness as expected, as both tasks measure awareness of the internal structure of words. However, the SDOP provided more information about the accuracy and specificity of a child's underlying phonological representations. The SDOP explained a significant amount of concurrent variance in both reading and spelling performance beyond the variance accounted for by the predictors that have been used by researchers to date. In combination, the SDOP and rapid‐naming measure accounted for 58.8% of variance in performance on the reading measure and 54.4% of variance in spelling performance.Conclusions & Implications:The SDOP task appears to be a valid and reliable tool to assess the internal structure of a child's stored phonological representations. Profiling phonological representations allows clinicians to explore children's speech‐processing skills which may be particularly useful with children with complex literacy difficulties.
Measuring verbal and non‐verbal communication in aphasia: reliability, validity, and sensitivity to change of the Scenario Test
Authors: van der Meulen Ineke , van de Sandt‐Koenderman W. Mieke E. , Duivenvoorden Hugo J. , Ribbers Gerard M. 
Published: February 2010

Background: This study explores the psychometric qualities of the Scenario Test, a new test to assess daily‐life communication in severe aphasia. The test is innovative in that it: (1) examines the effectiveness of verbal and non‐verbal communication; and (2) assesses patients' communication in an interactive setting, with a supportive communication partner.Aims: To determine the reliability, validity, and sensitivity to change of the Scenario Test and discuss its clinical value.Methods & Procedures: The Scenario Test was administered to 122 persons with aphasia after stroke and to 25 non‐aphasic controls. Analyses were performed for the entire group of persons with aphasia, as well as for a subgroup of persons unable to communicate verbally (n = 43). Reliability (internal consistency, test–retest reliability, inter‐judge, and intra‐judge reliability) and validity (internal validity, convergent validity, known‐groups validity) and sensitivity to change were examined using standard psychometric methods.Outcomes & Results: The Scenario Test showed high levels of reliability. Internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.96; item‐rest correlations = 0.58–0.82) and test–retest reliability (ICC = 0.98) were high. Agreement between judges in total scores was good, as indicated by the high inter‐ and intra‐judge reliability (ICC = 0.86–1.00). Agreement in scores on the individual items was also good (square‐weighted κ values 0.61–0.92). The test demonstrated good levels of validity. A principal component analysis for categorical data identified two dimensions, interpreted as general communication and communicative creativity. Correlations with three other instruments measuring communication in aphasia, that is, Spontaneous Speech interview from the Aachen Aphasia Test (AAT), Amsterdam–Nijmegen Everyday Language Test (ANELT), and Communicative Effectiveness Index (CETI), were moderate to strong (0.50–0.85) suggesting good convergent validity. Group differences were observed between persons with aphasia and non‐aphasic controls, as well as between persons with aphasia unable to use speech to convey information and those able to communicate verbally; this indicates good known‐groups validity. The test was sensitive to changes in performance, measured over a period of 6 months.Conclusions & Implications: The data support the reliability and validity of the Scenario Test as an instrument for examining daily‐life communication in aphasia. The test focuses on multimodal communication; its psychometric qualities enable future studies on the effect of Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC) training in aphasia.
DEFERENCE, DEFIANCE, AND DOCTRINE: DEFINING THE LIMITS OF JUDICIAL REVIEW
Authors: Allan T.R.S. 
Published: February 2010

While a court must respect the sphere of decision-making autonomy properly enjoyed by a public authority, a general doctrine of deference is unlikely to furnish a useful means of defining the limits of the court's jurisdiction. The appropriate degree of judicial deference is dependent on all the circumstances: the correct balance between constitutional rights and the general public interest is a feature of the context in which a specific legal issue arises. A doctrine of deference is rendered otiose by application of the ordinary common law grounds of judicial review, whereby the decision of a public authority is subjected to a test of procedural rectitude. The legitimacy of an executive decision is a function of the quality of the process that led to it, in which rights are accorded an importance commensurate with their true weight in all the circumstances. Wednesbury unreasonableness, correctly understood, constitutes a control over process adaptable to context and circumstance. The rule of law imposes constraints of equality and due process, and in the legislative context the former principle is paramount. Statutes must be interpreted as conforming to constitutional principle, so that basic rights are not unjustifiably curtailed. Legislation should not be held invalid, or defective, when capable of a suitably benign construction, consistent with constitutional standards. What is required is a construction that reconciles legitimate public purposes and established basic rights, according to context; and courts are only rarely justified in abdicating that responsibility.
Management of Late-life Depression in the Nursing Home
Authors: Urdaneta Carolina Aponte , Thakur Mugdha 
Published: February 2010

CME Educational Objectives

1.
Explain the prevalence, diagnosis, and work-up of depression in nursing home patients.

2.
Review available evidence regarding treatment of depression in long-term care settings.

3.
Discuss nonpharmacologic options in the treatment of depression in long-term care settings.
LECANIUM TULIPIFERÆ
Authors: Cook A. J. 
Published: February 2010

On page 218 of the “Revised Manual,” in speaking of other sources than flowers from which bees collect sweets, I remark that I have seen the bees thick about a large bark-louse, which attacks and often destroys one of our best honey-trees. This is an undescribed species of the genus Lecanium.In the summer of 1870, this louse, which, as far as I know, has never yet been described, and for which I propose the above very appropriate name, tulipiferæ–the Lecanium of the tulip tree–was very common on the tulip trees about the College lawns.
DESCRIPTION OF A NEW GRAPHOLITHA
Authors: Grote A. R. 
Published: February 2010

Grupholitha taleana, n. s.♂.Fore wings brownish fuscous; under the glass the scales are seen to be blackish with white tips. Thorax concolorous. Fore wings, with three orange-ochre costal lines; the outer two ante-apical, outwardly oblique and joining a marginal line of the same color; the inner a little less oblique, just without the middle of the wing. The marginal line only extends to the outer border of a black patch situate below the median fold and containing four or five ochre dots. Fringes silky, concolorous with the wings. Hind wings a little darker than primaries, immaculate. Beneath concolorous brownish fuscous, with the exterior margins of both wings shaded with pale. Costa of primaries above at apices narrowly yellowish, enclosing fuscous streaklets. No costal fold.
NOTES ON THE EARLY STAGES OF SOME MOTHS
Authors: Goodell L. W. 
Published: February 2010

Euloncha oblinita Grote.Larva, one specimen-Body black; a broad coral-red band on the back of each ring and a row of bright yellow blotches on the sides. The black ground color is variegated with White on the sides. On each ring are ten small warts, each of which bears about eight short, stiff, spreading brown spines, which sting severely when touched. Head roundish, coral-red, with two brown spots on the crown. Length when full grown, 1.4 inches. Feed on the smooth alder (Alnus serrulata). Changed to a pupa within a tough cocoon attached firm1y to a twig. Imago June 6.I am indebted to Prof. A. R. Grote for the identification of this species, and to Dr. A. S. Packard, jr., for the following Geometrids.
MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA
Authors: Chambers V. T. 
Published: February 2010

TortricinaIt is not my purpose to enter upon the difficult field of this family. My acquaintance with the literature of the subject, and with the characters of the multitude of very unnatural genera into which it has been in modern times divided, is too limited to justify me in so doing; the more especially as Prof. Fernald is now working it up. But the two species mentioned below are sufficiently interesting to induce me to publish the following observation upon them.
ON EUPROSERPINUS PHAETON
Authors: Grote A. R. 
Published: February 2010

The fact that Mr. Strecker has seen fit to misstate the circumstances under which this species was named has induced me to correct the impression he may have created as far as possible.In the descriptional part (p. 30) we say : “We are indebted to Mr. J. W. Weidemeyer for the information respecting this singular little species, which, we believe, has not been hitherto described, while an excellent figure, shown us by Mr. S. Calverley, enables us to present the present description and to fix the species. It appears that Dr. Boisduval has etiquetted a specimen in his cabinet as Proserpinus Phaeton.”
DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES OF MELITAEA FROM TEXAS
Authors: Edwards W. H. 
Published: February 2010

Melitaea Fulvia.Male.—Expands 1.5 inch.Upper side brown-black over basal area of each wing, somewhat dusted rvith fulvous; or the ground color is partly replaced by fulvous, especially in the cells ; the costal margin and apex of primaries black, and both hind margins are narrowly edged by black ; all the nervures and branches black ; remainder of wings fulvous ; both have a submarginal series of fulvous spots, preceded by a black line, those of primaries at apex replaced by yellow, or obsolete ; beyond the black line a complete common series of small yellow spots ; a second on the disk, larger, and on secondaries elongated, sometimes very much so, and more or less confluent with the spots of the outer row ; on primaries a large yellow spot, edged with fulvous, next inside arc of cell, and two or three small yellow spots below this ; in cell of secondaries a small similar spot, but sometimes wanting ; fringes alternately and equally black and white.
ON CECIDOMYIA LEGUMINICOLA, n. sp.
Authors: Lintner J. A. 
Published: February 2010

Cecidomyia trifolii, Canandian Entomologist, vol. xi., p. 44. 1879.I am indebted to Dr. Hagen, of Cambridge, Mass., for the information that the name which I had selected for the clover-seed fly was preoccupied by Franz Loew, in Verhandl. Zool. Bot. Gesell., Wien, 1874, vol. xxiv., where he describes (p. 142) the male and female, larva, pupa and gall of a species occurring in a folded leaf of Trifolium pratense, and figures (pl. 2, f. 4) the deformation of the plant.
DESCRIPTION OF A NEW FOSSORIAL WASP
Authors: Patton W. H. 
Published: February 2010

Chlorion aerarium.Length one inch. Bronzed-purple ; antennæ, mandibles, tegulæ and feet black, postscutellum blue; wings dark brown, with a purple reflection, Clypeus terminated by a row of five teeth, the lateral teeth a little more remote from the intermediate teeth than the intermediate teeth are from the median tooth.
MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA
Authors: Chambers V. T. 
Published: February 2010

L. Murtfeldtella Cham.Miss Murtfeldt favors me with the following notes upon the larva of this species : “It feeds in the flowers of the Œnotheras both wild and cultivated, and is especially destructive to Œ. Missouriensis, which is now extensively cultivated.
DESCRIPTIONS OF TWO SPECIES OF AGROTIS, AND TWO OF APATELA
Authors: Grote A. R. 
Published: February 2010

Agrotis vocalis, n. s.♂ ♀. This species seems allied to albalis and lagena. The hind wings are whitish; the fore wings are mixed gray, black and white. The lines are black, thick, single, dentate, the subterminal obsolete. A slight black basal submedian streak.
DESCRIPTIONS OF SEVERAL NEW PROCTOTRUPIDÆ AND CHRYSIDIDÆ
Authors: Patton W. H. 
Published: February 2010

Proctotrupes crenulatus.♀.—Length of body 10 m. m. Red ; eyes, ocelli, antennæ (except basal joint), sides and apical margin of scutellum, the post-scutellum, metathorax, extreme base of abdomen and tip of ovipositor, black ; mesopleura, disk of mesopectus and spiracles of metathorax, piceous ; terminal joints of the tarsi fuscous.
MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA
Authors: Chambers V. T. 
Published: February 2010

Lithocolletis Scudderella F. & B.Knowing this species only by Prof. Frey's description, I have in previous notices treated it as identical with L. salicifoliella Cham. But among the specimens submitted to me by Dr. Hagen is one of Prof. Frey's Scudderella, and being thus enabled to compare it with salicifoliella, I find that they are sufficiently distinct.
NORTH AMERICAN NOCTUIDÆ IN THE ZUTRAEGE.: SECOND AND THIRD HUNDREDS
Authors: Grote A. R. 
Published: February 2010

Anomis erosa, 19, fig. 287–288.“Savannah.” I have identified this species from specimens taken in Georgia and Alabama. Hübner figures the variety in which the wings are orange except the s. t. space. Usually they are terminally darker shaded. The species is compared with A. exacta, by Hübner. Mr. Thaxter caught this species in Jamaica, W. I.
NOTES ON THE LARVA OF AGROTIS LUBRICANS
Authors: French G. H. 
Published: February 2010

Several times during the last of August and the fore part of September, while working in my garden, I found a caterpillar that without the use of the lens was green with a white stripe on each side. A more minute description would be as follows :Length when full grown, 1.25 inches, the shape of the body very much like that of A. saucia.
NEW SPECIES OF N. AM. MOTHS
Authors: Grote A. R. 
Published: February 2010

Trochilium lustrans, n. s.Larger than tipuliformis, with long black antennae, which are whitish before the tips. Abdomen black with six yellow bands, the two terminal ones broader than the rest and continued beneath. Anal tuft black and yellow. Legs yellow, marked on tibiae and femora with black. Thorax black with yellow inner edge to the tegulae. Head black with a yellow ring behind and yellowish stripe on each side of the clypeus.
ON THE EARLY STAGES OF FOUR GEOMETRID MOTHS
Authors: Goodell L. W. 
Published: February 2010

Ochyria designata, Pack.Mature larva, five specimens.—Head roundish, flattened, as wide as the first segment, yellowish green ; jaws brown. Body thickest at the 9th segment, attenuated anteriorly; yellowish green, the dorsal and subdorsal spaces reticulated and lined with brown ; a narrow stigmatal brown line and a dorsal row of triangular brown spots, one each on the 4th, 9th and 10th segments, and two on each of the intermediate ones; a minute substigmatal black spot on the anterior part of each segment from the 6th to 9th.
NORTH AMERICAN MOTHS
Authors: Grote A. R. 
Published: February 2010

Oncocnemis levis, n. s.Primaries much shaded with black over dusty ochrey. Markings fine, neat, distinct. The lines black, with narrow included dusty ochrey shades. Half-line present. Anterior line with three dentations. Claviform long, reaching to posterior line, having a pale dusty ochre annulus edged outwardly with black, brown interiorly.
TWO NEW SPECIES OF ICHNEUMONIDÆ
Authors: French G. H. 
Published: February 2010

Microgaster utilis, n. sp.Length .11 of an inch. Head, thorax and abdomen of the males uniform black, the females the same with the exception that the under side of the second and third basal joints of the abdomen are tawny. Antennæ fuscous, somewhat rufous at base. Legs and feet tawny, rather pale, the knees of the hind pair dusky, the most so in the males.
ON THE DESCRIBED N. AM. SPECIES OF THALPOCHARES
Authors: Grote A. R. 
Published: February 2010

Thalpocharas patruelis Grote, Can. Ent., viii., 27.The fore wings are 12-veined, no accessory cell, 9, 10 out of 8, costal nervules rather crowded, cell open. Hind wings 8-veined, vein 5 a little weaker than the rest, independent. This little species, of which I have both sexes, is rusty ochrey, the hind wings sub-pellucid, washed with ochrey externally.
LIST OF DIURNAL LEPIDOPTERA TAKEN IN THE VICINITY OF PORTLAND, MAINE.
Authors: Lyman H. H. 
Published: February 2010

From 1868 till 1876 I spent from six to eight weeks of the summer on Cape Elizabeth, near Portland, Me., the visits extending from July 14th or 16th to Sept. 5th or 8th, and the following list of Diurnal Lepidoptera is compiled from my diaries :1. Papilio asterias F. Formerly somewhat common, latterly very scarce ; July and August.
NEW NOCTUIDÆ
Authors: Grote A. R. 
Published: February 2010

Xylomiges dolosa, n. s.Professor C. H. Fernald has sent me a fresh female specimen which evidently belongs to an undescribed species of Xylomiges, and for which I propose the specific name dolosa. The species is black and grayish white, the black dull and lustreless. Eyes hairy, abdomen a little flattened, the tufts are not discernible.
NEW NOCTUIDÆ, WITH LIST OF THE SPECIES OF PERIGRAPHA
Authors: Grote A. R. 
Published: February 2010

Agrotis nanalis, n. s.♀. The smallest species known to me. All the tibiæ spinose ; eyes naked; body untufted. A slender species which may be compared with opaca. The fore wings are blackish with the lines lost. The stigmata are concolorous, difficult to make out. The orbicular is elongate, the reniform vague, upright, broad; the spots are picked out by a brown shading which fills the cell and marks the subcostal and median veins.
NORTH AMERICAN MOTHS
Authors: Grote A. R. 
Published: February 2010

Graphiphora agrotiformis, n. s.♀. This form reminds one of Agrotis collaris or versipellis. Eyes hairy; tibiæ unarmed ; tuftings obsolete. Fore wings blackish brown to the continuous, black, upright, uneven subterminal line ; beyond with the fringes brownish. Median lines geminate, faint. Orbicular round, paler than the wing ; reniform moderate, outwardly excavate, upright, pale-ringed with dark centre ; the cell between the spots black-shaded; the stigmata are comparatively small.
PTEROPHORIDÆ
Authors: Fish Charles 
Published: February 2010

Œdematophorus lugubris, n. s.Front of head and palpi very dark fuliginous, the vertex slightly lighter. Form of palpi as in O. Baroni. Antennæ dotted above with white and blackish scales, tawny brown beneath. Thorax color of vertex. Abdomen slender, with scales slightly raised at extremities of joints, dark fuliginous brown, rather copiously sprinkled with black scales.
ON THE APHIDIDÆ OF FLORIDA, WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES
Authors: Ashmead WM. H. 
Published: February 2010

In the April number of the Canadian Entomologist I described a new Aphis affecting Pinus australis belonging to the Section Lachnini.Having been studying the Aphididae of Florida for the past two years, a quantity of new material has accumulated on my hands, representing nearly all the known North American genera.
NOTES ON THE PREPARATORY STAGES OF PAPILIO CRESPHONTES, Cram.
Authors: French G. H. 
Published: February 2010

Egg—Spherical, a little flattened at base, .06¼ inch in diameter, pale ochre with sometimes a greenish tinge, at others inclining to orange. Duration of this period six days.Young Larva—Length .11 inch ; the body covered with tubercles from which project small spines; color dark brown, the tubercles on all but the first of the anterior joints a little lighter, joints 6 and 11 straw color. Duration of this period three days.
ON THE EARLY STAGES OF PLUSIA PRECATIONIS, Guenee.
Authors: Coquillett D. W. 
Published: February 2010

Egg.—Flattened-globular or button-shaped, sometimes with an impressed spot in the centre of the upper side ; upper part grooved, grooves narrow, interspaces roughened ; milky white ; transverse diameter about ½ m. m.Larva.—First stage : Body deep green, two dorsal, a subdorsal and stigmatal white line, the latter the most distinct ; piliferous spots green, usually tipped with black, each bearing a short black hair; venter deep green, unmarked; head pale green. Provided with only 12 legs.
ON THE LIFE DURATION OF THE HETEROCERA (MOTHS)
Authors: Lintner J. A. 
Published: February 2010

I have been requested by Mr. Edwards, who has presented to the Association an interesting and valuable paper, “On the Length of Life of Butterflies,” to supplement it with some remarks on the Life Duration of the Heterocera.The period of time passed by insects in their perfect stage, is an item in their history to which, so far as I know, very little attention has been paid.