bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HLA and Juvenile Chronic Polyarthritis
Authors: Veys E.M. , Coigne E. , Mielants H. , Verbruggen A. 
Published: July 2010

HLA antigens have been identified in patients with juvenile chronic polyarthritis (J.C.P.) (n = 35). In J.C.P. the incidence of antigen B27 (57%) was found to be higher than in a normal population (n = 1,000). On recent evaluation of the clinical status, serology and x‐rays, the patients with juvenile chronic polyarthritis who have been followed up for many years, could be subdivided into four groups: Group 1: J.C.P. evolving to ankylosing spondylitis (n = 3); Group 2: J.C.P. with sacroiliitis (n = 17); Group 3: J.C.P. without sacroiliitis (n = 9); Group 4: juvenile rheumatoid arthritis characterised by a positive serology (n = 6).Groups 1 and 2 were characterised by a high incidence of antigen B27 (19/20). Only one subject of groups 3 and 4 had antigen B27. Sex distribution in groups 1 and 2 was found to be similar to that found in ankylosing spondylitis in adults and sex distribution in groups 3 and 4 was found to be similar to that found in rheumatoid arthritis in adults.It is concluded that if B27 positives develop juvenile chronic polyarthritis they have a high risk of developing sacroiliitis and acute uveitis.The authors propose to give the name Still's disease to the total group of children presenting initial symptoms corresponding to the criteria of Ansell & By waters (1959). Follow‐up of the cases permitted their further classification as juvenile ankylosing spondylitis, as juvenile chronic polyarthritis with or without sacroiliitis or as juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.
Alloantigens Defined by Cytotoxic Isoantisera Prepared against Peripheral Rabbit Lymphocytes
Authors: Luster Michael I. , Vice John L. 
Published: July 2010

Seven lymphocytotoxic antisera were produced in rabbits by means of isoimmunization with purified peripheral lymphocytes. The phenotypic profile of the defined lymphocyte antigens was determined in a panel of 97 rabbits. The results indicated the existence of at least two major antigenic determinants. Further typing and cross‐absorptions were performed with several of the lymphocytotoxic antisera in order to demonstrate monospecificity.The anti‐3 antiserum was used to determine the distribution of the respective antigens in various rabbit organs. The highest concentration of the alloantigen was contained in the spleen, followed in descending order by the lymph nodes, lung, skin, kidney, heart and liver. Fat and red blood cells (rbc) contained no detectable antigen.A two‐stage physical adherence column method was used to separate T‐derived from B‐derived lymphocytes and each fraction was tested for the alloantigen. Alloantigen was detected on both cell types. The fact that the anti‐3 antiserum never killed more than 30% of the cells suggests that it could define a subpopulation of lymphocytes.
Inhibition of the Mixed Leukocyte Reaction by Alloantisera in Man. I. Technical aspects*
Authors: Jonker Margreet , van Rood J.J. 
Published: July 2010

Some technical aspects of MLC inhibition by sera obtained from multiparous women were studied. The variability of the MLC response was very high. The serum source used in the cultures was probably to a large extent responsible for this variability. Aspecific inhibition, which was observed with some test sera, could be removed by dialysis against PBS. To make the evaluation of inhibition by immune sera objective, a scoring system was introduced for the degree of inhibition. Test sera were usually added to the cultures. Alternatively, stimulator and responder cells were preincubated with the test serum. Preincubation of the stimulator cells did not show a difference in inhibition pattern when this was compared with serum addition. Preincubation of the responder cells showed a completely different inhibition pattern.The MLC inhibition test compared very well with an indirect immunofluorescence test and a cytotoxicity test using B‐cell enriched cell suspensions.
A Simulation of HLA—DR Matching in Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Busson M. , Hors J. , Dausset J. 
Published: July 2010

A simulation of the matching for HLA‐DR, B, A loci was achieved by taking into account the practical situation of kidney transplants for 89 donors and 322 potential recipients.A complete HLA‐DR identical graft was theoretically possible in 52% of the cases. Conversely, if the identity for B or particularly the identities for both B and A were sought, the necessary pool of recipients would have to be much larger, requiring intense international cooperation.
HLA Antigens in a Psoriatic Family: Comparative Studies with MLC, HTC, PLT and Serological HLA‐DR Determinations
Authors: Marcusson Jan , Möller Erna 
Published: July 2010

HLA genotypes were characterized in a large family of 48 individuals in three generations. In this family, carriers of the proband's disease‐predisposing haplotype commonly expressed clinical signs of illness, manifested as psoriasis and/or arthritic lesions. From these data, and from other family studies, presented previously, we have concluded that cutaneous andlor joint lesions may be signs of disease in carriers of the predisposing HLA haplotype.We have investigated HLA‐A, B, C and DIDR antigens in the family members. This gave us the opportunity to evaluate the validity of different assays for the determination of HLA‐D alleles in a family material where the MLC tests formed the basis for a correct assignment of HLA‐D determinants. The HTC method and the PLT assay were both afflicted with specific typing problems, partly due to the existence of cellular cross‐reactions between HLA‐D determinants, which seemed to be reminiscent of serological DR crossreactions.
Typing for HLA‐D/DR Associated DP‐Antigens with the Primed Lymphocyte Typing (PLT) Technique
Authors: Morling N. , Jakobsen B. K. , Platz P. , Ryder L. P. , Svejgaard A. , Thomsen M. 
Published: July 2010

A total of 74 healthy unrelated random individuals and 36 patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) were typed for HLA‐D antigens with the homozygous typing cell technique and typed for HLA‐D/DR associated DP‐antigens with the primed lymphocyte typing (PLT) technique. All patients and some of the controls were also HLA‐DR typed with a limited battery of anti‐DR sera. Selected PLT‐cells, specific for the HLA‐D/DR antigens D/DRwl‐8 and the local specificity D “H” were used. The results of the PLT‐experiments were evaluated with the Normalized Median Response (NMR) method and the further procedure of DP‐antigen assignment was analyzed. The DP‐antigen assignments could be done solely according the NMR‐values in approximately two thirds of the individuals. In the remaining individuals, further interpretation of the experimental data had to be done for the assignment of DP‐antigens. The correlation coefficients were estimated between the HLA‐D assignments and (i) the individual PLT‐cell NMR‐values with a fixed cut‐off for positive reactions and (ii) the DP‐antigen assignments. These coefficients were 0.79 and 0.92, respectively. The correlations between HLA‐D, ‐DR and DP‐antigen assignments of the specificities HLA‐D, ‐DR and DPI, 2, 3, 4, 7 and 8 were analyzed in 42 controls and 36 JRA patients. The total correlation coefficients were: (i) HLA‐D/DR: r = 0.78; HLA‐DR/DP: 0.77; and HLA‐D/DP: 0.96. The DP‐antigen assignments correlated significantly better with HLA‐D than with the HLA‐DR antigen assignments, which does not agree with other studies.The DP‐antigen frequencies among the controls were calculated and the estimated sum of gene frequency corresponding to definable DP‐antigens was 0.94 indicating that about 12% of random individuals possess as yet undefined DP‐antigens.
Polyglandular Autoimmune Disease and HLA
Authors: Farid Nadir R. , Larsen Bodil , Payne Ronald , Noel Elke P. , Sampson Laura 
Published: July 2010

We have studied 25 patients with polyglandular autoimmune disease with respect to HLA antigens. Whereas the combination of insulin dependent diabetes with Graves’disease or atrophic thyroiditis was associated with an increase in HLA–B8, this was not found to be the case for patients with I.D.D.M. and goitrous thyroiditis. However 4/7 of these patients were DRw3 positive in contrast to previously established normal distribution of HLA–B8 in patients with goitrous thyroiditis alone. These data suggest that patients with polyglandular failure may be highly selected for HLA‐B8/DRw3 positivity.We also report on two families with polyglandular autoimmune disease; the results suggest that these disorders are not necessarily transmitted with B8/DRw3 bearing haplotypes. In one family both the affected mother and non‐affected father were B8 positive. The mother's B8, which was associated with DRw7, BfF and Rgadid not appear to be involved in the transmission of disease susceptibility to two affected offspring. The search for complete haplotypic arrangement should be pursued to see whether this uncommon haplotype arrangement is peculiar to autoimmune diseases.
Residual Heteroantigenicity of Glutaraldehyde‐Treated Porcine Cardiac Valves
Authors: Villa Maria Luisa , De Biasi Silvia , Pilotto Fulvia 
Published: July 2010

Treatment of porcine valves in vitro with glutaraldehyde significantly decreases their hetero‐antigenicity, as judged by immune reaction in mice heterografted with glutaraldehyde‐treated valves or injected intraperitoneally with valvular homogenates.Conditioned porcine valves, grafted in a cutaneous pouch onto the backs of two different inbred strains (C57B1 and DBA) behave like inert material and show minimal cellular infiltration at histological examination. Little or no antibody response, demonstrable with the cytotoxity test is elicited by glutaraldehyde‐treated valvular tissue, either grafted or injected intraperitoneally as homogenate. These data supply a biological basis for the surgical practice of heterotransplants of glutaraldehyde‐treated valves as an alternative to the artificial prostheses.
Distribution of HLA Antigens in Ticuna Indians of Brazil: Results of Typing a Leprosy‐Affected Family
Authors: Lawrence Dale N. , Bodmer Julia G. , Bodmer Walter F. 
Published: July 2010

HLA typing was performed in 1978, using antisera recognizing specificities defined by the Seventh Workshop, on lymphocytes separated and frozen in the field during a 1976 expedition among Amazonian Ticuna Indians. Family segregation of HLA antigens was used to ascertain haplotypes of a sample of essentially unrelated reproductive‐age adults. “Expaternal” haplotypes were also included in the total of 81 haplotypes used for calculating the A and B locus gene frequencies.Common A and B locus antigens among the Ticuna were Aw24, Aw31, A2, Bw39, B40, Bw35, and B15.1. Bw52 and Bw53 were also present. No A or B locus “blanks” were found. A slight degree of European admixture was apparent. Bw16‐reactive cells from certain persons consistently failed to react with Oxford antisera capable of recognizing the Bw38 or Bw39 subspecificities. Cw1 and Cw3 were found in association with typical South American Indian haplotypes. The results of HLA typing of a large extended family with multiple cases of leprosy are depicted and compared to recently reported family studies of leprosy.
MHC Restricted Dual Specific Inhibition of Mixed Leukocyte Culture Reactions by Human HLA Antibody Molecules
Authors: de Rooij‐Doyer E. , Jonker M. , Bruning J.W. , van Rood J.J. 
Published: July 2010

A human alloantiserum was found which selectively inhibits responding cells in mixed leukocyte culture reactions. Inhibition was achieved by pre‐incubation of responder cells in the antiserum followed by washing. The serum showed dual specificity as an inhibiting agent. First, inhibition was restricted to HLA‐B7 or ‐B40 positive stimulator cells, specificities against which the antiserum also had cytotoxic activity. Second, inhibition was almost exclusively associated with the presence of the phenotype HLA‐Al, ‐B8 on the responder cellsThe HLA associated specificity for responder cells was unexpected since no alloantibody activity directed to responder alloantigens could be detected by conventional serological methods. The antiserum donor had not been immunized with HLA‐Al, ‐B8 antigens nor with known crossreactive antigens. Furthermore, the serum donor did not carry HLA‐Al, ‐B8 antigens herself.The inhibiting substance in the antiserum had physicochemical properties of IgG and was specifically reactive with HLA‐B7 positive platelets. Pepsin digest preparations were not inhibitory. Fc receptor positive responder cells were required for inhibition. Responder cells, preincu‐bated with the antiserum, suppressed the response of cells not incubated with the antiserum. Three possible explanations of these results are discussed: specific binding of the Fc part of the antibody with Fc receptors of responder cells, specific activation of suppressor cells and cross‐reactivity.
Use of Monocytes in HLA‐A, B, C and DR Typings
Authors: Stux S. , Hammond P. , Fitzpatrick D. , Dubey D. , Yunis E. 
Published: July 2010

A simple method of improved serologic typing of monocytes for HLA‐A, B, C and DR specificities is described. The method employs monocytes recovered from frozen samples of peripheral blood mononuclear cells; it chiefly involves pretreatment of monocytes with 0.01% iodoacetamide (IAA) prior to typing.The advantage of this method lies principally in the lowering of the background nonspecific cytotoxicities and false positive readings upon IAA addition to the monocyte preparations. Using this method monocytes can be typed for HLA‐A, B, C determinants. Although the addition of IAA results in substantial typing improvements, we found the assignment of A, B, C specificities difficult due to the presence of extra positive reactions when monocytes were compared to Tlymphocyte typings, probably due to the presence of DR or monocyte specific antibodies in the routinely used HLA antisera. This method proved to be most useful in DR typings where monocytes in the presence of IAA were compared with autologous B cells in the absence of IAA. The differences in typings due to a decrease in false positive cytotoxic readings were significantly in favor of using IAA treated monocytes in DR typings (P > 0.0001). The use of IAA in the course of B cell or T cell typings had no adverse consequences on either A, B, C or DR typings, respectively. Our results indicate a potential usefulness for the use of IAA in typing monocytes for HLA determinants in general and for the DR determinants in particular.
Genetically Appropriate Expression of HLA and DR (IA) Alloantigens on Human Melanoma Cell Lines
Authors: Pollack Marilyn S. , Livingston Philip O. , Fogh Jorgen , Carey Thomas E. , Oettgen Herbert F. , Dupont Bo 
Published: July 2010

Studies of the expression of HLA and DR alloantigens on cultured human melanoma cells in comparison with those expressed on peripheral lymphocytes and B‐cells derived from the same patients have shown that the HLA‐A B, and C locus antigens expressed on the cultured tumor cells were consistent with those expected from the typing of periperal blood lymphocytes. One melanoma cell line failed to express all the HLA antigens expected from donor typing.All five of the lines tested also expressed DR antigens and in three instances these could be demonstrated to have genetically consistent allotypes. However, in preliminary studies, stimulation of allogeneic lymphocytes by the DR positive melanoma cells could not be demonstrated.
Expression of HLA‐DR Antigens on Tlymphocytes
Authors: Gerbase‐Delima Maria , Kraemer Maria H. , Novo Neil F. , Paiva Elias R. , Mendes Nelson F. 
Published: July 2010

Our data have demonstrated, for the first time, expression of HLA‐DR antigens on heated T cells (45*C, 1 h) and have confirmed the occurrence of these antigens on mitogen‐stimulated T cells.HLA‐DR antigens were detected by microlymphocytotoxicity employing defined and non‐defined anti‐HLA‐DR sera. The HLA‐DR T cell antigens proved to be the same as the ones expressed on B cells from the same donor. In addition, extra reactions were observed on mitogen‐stimulated and on heated T cells which could be abolished by absorption with cytotoxicity negative B cells of the same donor (cytotoxicity‐negative‐absorption‐positive phenomenon).
Drug‐Induced Antibodies: Interaction of the Drug with a Polymorphic Platelet‐Antigen
Authors: Claas Frans H. J. , Langerak Janneke , de Beer Lois Lolkes , van Rood Jon J. 
Published: July 2010

Preincubation of donor platelets with ticarcillin will prevent the reactivity of a platelet antibody against these platelets, whereas no influence was observed on antisera against HLA, 5A, 5b and Zwa. The implications for the mechanism of drug‐induced antibodies with restricted specificity will be discussed.In part supported by the Dutch Organization for Health Research (TNO), the Dutch Foundation for Medical Research (FUNGO) which is subsidized by the Dutch Foundation for the Advancement of Pure Research (ZWO), the J. A. Cohen Institute for Radiopathology and Radiation Protection (IRS).
Bf Polymorphism and its Relationship with HLA Antigens in a Sample of the Spanish Population: High BfF1 Frequencies
Authors: Rodriguez‐Córdoba S. , Bootello A. , Arnaiz‐Villena A. 
Published: July 2010

Bf allele frequencies were studied in a sample of the normal Spanish population and in family haplotypes. BfF1 shows a frequency higher than in other Caucasoid populations and closer to that found in Negroids. Basques show an even higher BfF1 frequency. BfF1 is in strong linkage disequilibrium with B18. HLA‐Bw44 is found to be the B12 split in linkage disequilibrium with BfF and Bw50‐BfS1 association is confirmed. DR3‐BfF1 are not in linkage disequilibrium in the normal Spanish population, in contrast to DR3‐BfF1 linkage found in a diabetic Spanish population.Results are discussed on the bases of the paleo‐North African Iberian population origins and of the use of Bf to define B12 and Bw21 splits.
HLA‐A, B, C, D, DR Antigens and Primed Lymphocyte Typing (PLT) Defined DP‐antigens in Juvenile Chronic Arthritis
Authors: Morling N. , Hellesen C. , Jakobsen B. K. , Platz P. , Ryder L. P. , Svejgaard A. , Thomsen M. 
Published: July 2010

A total of 48 patients with juvenile chronic arthritis (JCA) were typed for HLA‐A, ‐B, ‐C, ‐D and ‐DR antigens and 36 patients were also typed for HLA‐D/DR associated “DP”‐antigens with the primed lymphocyte typing technique. In the total group of patients, we found increased frequencies of HLA‐B27, HLA‐Dw/DP5 and HLA‐Dw/DP8, and decreased frequencies of HLA‐Dw/‐DR/DP2. The increased frequencies of HLA‐Dw/DP8 and the decreased frequencies of HLA‐Dw/‐DR/DP2 were primarily found among patients with persistent pauciarticular arthritis. The frequencies of HLA‐Dw/‐DR/DP4 were increased in patients with polyarticular arthritis. The frequencies of HLA‐B27 and ‐Dw/DP5 were increased in both pauciarticular and polyarticular arthritis.The results indicate (i) that genetic factors controlled by HLA confer susceptibility and/or resistance to JCA, and (ii) that the clinical subdivision of JCA into pauciarticular and polyarticular JCA can be supported by the presence of different genetic markers (HLA‐antigens) in the two groups of JCA‐patients.If these data can be confirmed HLA‐D, ‐DR or DP typing may be of value in the prognostic evaluation of patients with pauciarticular onset JCA.
Histocompatibility typing by cytotoxic lymphocytes. The HLA‐A2–28, B5‐w35 serologically cross‐reactive groups reviewed by cytotoxic lymphocytes
Authors: Kristensen Tom , Maussen Bernard , Charmot Dominique , Mawas Claude , Kissmeyer‐Nielsen Flemming 
Published: July 2010

Using a standardized indirect cell‐mediated lympholysis (CML) technique, cytotoxic lymphocytes (CTLs) were raised between unrelated, fully HLA‐A, B (and C) typed individuals, differing only for one identified HLA‐A, B antigenic determinant. Ten CTLs involved HLA‐A2+ stimulators and HLA‐A2‐, A28‐, A9‐responders. Five CTLs involved HLA‐Bw35+ stimulators and HLA‐B5‐, Bw35‐, B15‐, B17‐, B18‐, Bw21‐responders. These CTLs were tested for cell‐mediated cytotoxicity against two different panels (20 and 9 cells respectively) of HLA‐A28+ and HLA‐B5+ PHA‐lymphoblasts. The same panel cells were used as cold competitors for cytotoxicity against the specific 51Cr labelled targets.The following observations were made: (1) most panel cells are neither lysed nor able to block; (2) significant lysis is, however, seen in the panels positive for serologically cross‐reactive antigens, although lysis is generally lower than comparable lysis by anti‐A28 or anti‐B5 CTLs; (3) all target cells lysed in the A28 panel are able to inhibit specific lysis while 2 cells in the B5 panel are lysed but do not inhibit (Cytotoxicity‐P ositive‐I nhibition‐Negative = CYPIN); (4) a group of panel cells cannot be lysed but are able to inhibit (Cytotoxicity‐Negative‐Inhibition‐Positive = CYNIP).These observations indicate that cross‐reactive groups identified by serology may also be identified by cellology using direct cytotoxicity and/or cold target inhibition. The cross‐reactivity defined by CTLs, as in serology, is inconstant and often incomplete. Whether the immunogenetic background of cross‐reactivity as defined by antibody or CTL is identical is unknown but probable.The occurrence of CYNIP underlines that direct cytotoxicity and cold target inhibition are not directly comparable and indicates that different epitopes may be involved, although the discrepancy may be brought about by the experimental conditions used.The CYPIN phenomenon indicates the existence of immunodominant epitopes although non‐T cell‐mediated lysis cannot be excluded.
Planned immunization of human volunteers with HLA‐DR incompatible lymphocytes
Authors: MADSEN MELVIN , JOHNSEN HANS E. , KRISTENSEN TOM , JØRGENSEN FRITZ , U. LAMM LARS , KISSMEYER‐NIELSEN FLEMMING 
Published: July 2010

Aiming at the production of anti HLA‐DR test sera, eight healthy human volunteers were immunized by repeated intradermal injections of lymphocytes which were selected to be incompatible for one HLA‐DR antigen, and matched as well as possible for HLA‐A,‐B,‐C antigens. One out of 3 recipients immunized exclusively against HLA‐DR produced lyrnphocytotoxic HLA‐DR antibodies. The remaining 5 recipients were immunized against 1 or more HLA‐A,‐B,‐C antigens in addition to one HLA‐DR antigen. After 3 immunizations, 3 of these reacted with strong HLA‐A or ‐B antibody production; however, only one showed a parallel anti HLA‐DR antibody response detectable by complement dependent lymphocytotoxicity.Testing of the recipient sera in the antibody dependent cell‐mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) assay revealed that 6 of the 8 recipients did react early to the immunizations with HLA specific antibody production. However, in spite of repeated booster injections it was not possible to obtain more than the above‐mentioned 2 sera with HLA‐DR antibodies strong enough to react in the lymphocytotoxicity microtechique.
Successful transplantation with a positive T and B cell crossmatch due to autoreactive antibodies
Authors: Ting Alan , Morris Peter J. 
Published: July 2010

A total of 16 cadaver donor renal allografts have been performed in the presence of a positive T and B cell crossmatch due to autoantibodies. Fourteen of these patients were considered to be highly‐sensitized, in that they had pregraft antibodies reacting with more than 85% of the lymphocyte panel. Ten of the 16 grafts are still functioning with follow‐up times of between 3 and 66 months.Within the same time period three living related donor transplants were also performed with a positive T and B cell crossmatch due to autoantibodies. Two were from HLA‐identical siblings and the other from his father. All three patients had pregraft antibodies reacting with 100% of the lymphocyte panel. All grafts are functioning normally between 9 and 48 months after transplantation. Autoreactive T and B cell antibodies are not damaging to renal allografts and recognition of these antibodies allows a significant number of patients to be successfully transplanted (with a positive crossmatch).