bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nanotechnology and human health: risks and benefits
Authors: Cattaneo Anna Giulia , Gornati Rosalba , Sabbioni Enrico , Chiriva‐Internati Maurizio , Cobos Everardo , Jenkins Marjorie R. , Bernardini Giovanni 
Published: November 2010

AbstractNanotechnology is expected to be promising in many fields of medical applications, mainly in cancer treatment. While a large number of very attractive exploitations open up for the clinics, regulatory agencies are very careful in admitting new nanomaterials for human use because of their potential toxicity. The very active research on new nanomaterials that are potentially useful in medicine has not been counterbalanced by an adequate knowledge of their pharmacokinetics and toxicity. The different nanocarriers used to transport and release the active molecules to the target tissues should be treated as additives, with potential side effects of themselves or by virtue of their dissolution or aggregation inside the body. Only recently has a systematic classification of nanomaterials been proposed, posing the basis for dedicated modeling at the nanoscale level. The use of in silico methods, such as nano‐QSAR and PSAR, while highly desirable to expedite and rationalize the following stages of toxicological research, are not an alternative, but an introduction to mandatory experimental work. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Polyelectrolyte multilayer film and human mesenchymal stem cells: An attractive alternative in vascular engineering applications
Authors: Moby V. , Labrude P. , Kadi A. , Bordenave L. , Stoltz J. F. , Menu P. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have tremendous potential as a cell source for regenerative medicine due to their capacity for differentiation into endothelial‐like cells when seeded on nonmodified cover glasses. This absence of removable surface, preventing recovery of cell sheet, constitutes a critical obstacle to predict an application in tissue engineering. It remains unknown whether MSCs differentiation could be realized when the cells are cultivated on a scaffold that could be used in vascular engineering. In this study, we propose to differentiate human MSCs into endothelial‐like cells on surfaces coated with polyelectrolyte multilayer film (PMF) and fibronectin (control surfaces). We quantified Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule (PECAM) and von Willebrand Factor (vWF) expressions (endothelial cell specific markers) and nitric oxide (NO) production, which is representative of the cell functionality. After only two weeks of differentiation, we showed, on PMF, that MSCs expressed PECAM and vWF, exhibiting a differentiation into endothelial‐like cells, which functionality was explored by a significant production of nitrites. These results highlight the importance of PMF to get human MSCs differentiation and suggest that this film of nanometer thickness opens a new route for vascular bioengineering by pre‐seeding hMSCs directly into a vascular graft functionalized by a removable coating. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A:, 2011.
First‐principles investigation of A‐B intersite charge transfer and correlated electrical and magnetic properties in BiCu3Fe4O12
Authors: Li Hongping , Lv Shuhui , Liu Xiaojuan , Meng Jian 
Published: November 2010

AbstractFirst‐principles calculations using the augmented plane wave plus local orbitals method, as implemented in the WIEN2K code, have been carried out to study the A‐B intersite charge transfer and the correlated electrical and magnetic properties of the perovskite BiCu3Fe4O12, especially as regards the charge transfer. The results indicate that the charge transfer between A‐site Cu and B‐site Fe is by way of O 2p orbitals, and during this process orbital hybridization plays an important role. More importantly, the charge transfer is of 3d9 + 4d5L0.75→3d9L + 4d5 type (here L denotes an oxygen hole or a ligand hole). During this process, the magnetic interaction experiences a transition from Cu‐Fe ferrimagnetic coupling to G‐type antiferromagnetic coupling within B‐site Fe with paramagnetic Cu3+. As to electrical property, it undergoes a metal to insulator transition. All our calculated results are consistent with the available experimental results. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2011
Percutaneously placed covered retrievable stents for the treatment of biliary anastomotic strictures following living donor liver transplantation
Authors: Kim Jinoo , Ko Gi-Young , Sung Kyu-Bo , Gwon Dong Il , Lee Sung-Gyu , Kim Kwang-Mi , Kim Kyung-Ah , Yoon Hyun-Ki 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
This study evaluated the feasibility and efficacy of covered retrievable stent placement compared with drainage catheter placement for treating biliary anastomotic strictures following living donor liver transplantation (LDLT). In 39 of 59 patients who underwent LDLT, balloon dilation of strictures and subsequent interposition of 14-French indwelling catheters were performed (group 1), whereas in 20 patients, 29 covered retrievable stents were percutaneously placed (group 2). The drainage catheters were positioned above the stricture after at least 12 weeks of internal drainage or following stent removal after at least 8 weeks of stent placement. The drainage catheters were removed when the follow-up cholangiogram revealed free passage of contrast media. In the presence of residual stricture, either of the following was performed: (1) balloon dilation of the stricture and replacement of the indwelling catheter or (2) placement of another covered retrievable stent for at least 12 weeks. Technical success was achieved in all recipients. Clinical success was higher in group 1 (95%) than in group 2 (70%) (P = 0.005), whereas the duration of treatment was significantly shorter in group 2 (197 ± 89 days) than in group 1 (278 ± 115 days) (P = 0.018). All stents were successfully removed at a median of 14 weeks after placement, except for 1 patient in whom early stent removal was inevitable and a second patient in whom the stent migrated completely. Stent migration rate was 24% (7 of 29 stents). In conclusion, treatment of biliary anastomotic strictures following LDLT is feasible using covered retrievable stents and has an acceptable clinical success rate with shorter treatment duration. Liver Transpl 16:1410–1420, 2010. © 2010 AASLD.
Star Shaped Polyglycidols End Capped with Vinyl sulfonate Groups and Conjugation Reaction with Dodecylamine
Authors: Haamann Daniel , Keul Helmut , Klee Doris , Möller Martin 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe synthesis of six arm star shaped polyglycidols followed by end capping with vinyl sulfonate groups is reported. The obtained multifunctional polymers show excellent reactivity towards amines. The addition of amines to the vinyl sulfonate groups was proven via NMR spectroscopy.
Amine Functionalisations of Glycidyl methacrylate Based PolyHIPE Monoliths
Authors: Majer Janja , Krajnc Peter 
Published: November 2010

AbstractHigh internal phase emulsions were employed to prepare highly porous (up to 80% pore volume) monoliths of poly(glycidyl methacrylate‐co‐ethylenegycol dimethacrylate) by free radical polymerisations of continuous phases of emulsions. Monoliths with cavities approximately 4 µm in diameter and with interconnecting pores approximately 0.7 µm in diameter were obtained. In order to obtain monoliths with ion exchange groups on the surface of pores for chromatography applications, functionalisations with different amines were performed and various reaction conditions tested. FTIR spectroscopy and nitrogen content analysis were used to monitor the functionalisation processes. Monoliths were succesfully functionalised with 1,2‐diaminoethane, 1,4‐diaminobuthane, 1,8‐diaminooctane and tris(diethylamino)amine.
Nonaqueous Emulsions – A Versatile Tool for New Types of Functional Nanoparticles
Authors: Haschick Robert , Hoffmann Michael S. , Zhao Yi , Klapper Markus , Müllen Klaus 
Published: November 2010

AbstractSummary: The preparation of functional polymer latex particles is usually carried out in aqueous heterogeneous systems, i.e. for example in emulsion or mini‐emulsion polymerization. Due to the presence of water, moisture sensitive reactions like step growth polymerizations or metal catalyzed reactions can not be accomplished without side reactions and / or decomposition. In order to avoid these side reactions, different nonaqueous emulsion systems have been developed. According to the desired polymerization procedure, these systems consist of a nonpolar organic phase surrounded by a perfluorinated solvent or of a polar organic phase which is dispersed in a nonpolar organic solvent. Both emulsions are stabilized by amphipolar block copolymers and result in long time stable particle dispersions. The resulting dispersions yield particles with narrow size distributions and – depending on the reaction conditions – diameters down to tens of nanometers. This technique allows the formation of particles consisting of numerous different classes of polymers, e.g. polyurethanes, polyesters, polyolefins etc. and the formation of more complex morphologies such as core shell structures.
Hyperbranched Poly([1,2,3]‐triazole‐[1,3,5]‐triazine)s: An Unusual High Degree of Branching as an Effect of a Polyaddition Kinetics
Authors: Malkov Georgiy V. , Shastin Alexey V. , Estrin Yakov I. , Badamshina Elmira R. , Mikhailov Yuriy M. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe results of the kinetic study of melt and solution polymerization at the 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction of the AB2 monomer – 2‐azido‐4,6‐bis(prop‐2‐yn‐1‐yloxy)‐[1,3,5]‐triazine (ABPOT) are presented in this work as well as the results of the 13C‐NMR characterization of the obtained hyperbranched poly([1,2,3]‐triazole‐[1,3,5]‐triazine)s. It is established, that the first‐shell substitution effect during polyaddition process and unusual high degree of branching (up to 0.9) of polymers synthesized in melt are held.
Luminescent Properties of a Silicone‐Carbazolyl Polyfluorene Hybrid Material for Device Applications
Authors: Martins Tatiana D. , Yoshida Ines V. P. , Atvars Teresa D. Z. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractIn the present work, bilayered hybrids obtained by hydrosilylation of polysiloxane with carbazolyl moieties (Sil‐Cz) and polyfluorene (Sil‐PFO) had their photophysical behavior, morphological characteristics and interaction properties studied for applications in electroluminescent devices. Fluorescence spectra of the Sil‐Cz did not show emission in the excimer/aggregate region (from 400 to 500 nm). This is an unexpected behavior since most of the carbazole‐based materials present excimer and aggregation. Nonetheless, this unusual observation was also predicted by geometry optimization calculations. Fluorescence spectra were taken for both compounds separately and for the bilayered system show some evidence of interaction between carbazolyl and polyfluorene moieties, giving rise to the supposition that the can form a system with tunable luminescent properties.
Biopolymer Synthesized by Strains of Xanthomonas sp Isolate from Brazil Using Biodiesel‐Waste
Authors: Reis Elisiane C. , Almeida Mônica , Cardoso Juliana C. , Pereira Maysa de A. , de Oliveira César B.Z. , Venceslau Emanuella M. , Druzian Janice I. , Mariano Rosa , Padilha Francine F. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe future supplies and usage of glycerol are expected to increase as biodiesel plants increase production, and the output will greatly outpace demand. Biodiesel production has already had a significant impact on the price of refined glycerol. A major concern of glycerol producers is the reduced price of glycerol resulting from the increased production of biodiesel. Some alternative uses for this glycerol that have been investigated are substrates for fermentation process or the production of biosurfactants, fatty acids, biopolymers, and others products. This work had as objective to evaluate two strains of Xanthomonas sp isolate from Brazil for xanthan gum in orbital agitator, analizing the apparent viscosity of aqueous solutions and selecting viscosity. The experiments of xanthan gum production were realized in orbital agitator with 120 rpm agitation, for cells production, and 180rpm, for biopolymer production, under a 28 °C temperature. The rheology of the fermentation broth was analyzed by apparent viscosity and the polymer was recovered with ethanol (1:3, v/v). After its recovery, the productivity evaluation was performed. The productivity were 0.157 and 0.363 gL−1 for C1 and 0.186 and 0.363 gL−1 for C9 to media glycerol or glycerol and sucrose, respectively. The viscosity analysis was performed for aqueous solutions 3%, at 25 °C, the best apparent viscosity was obtained using gum synthesized with glycerol and sucrose (50:50) at 25 °C, 143 mPa.s−1 from Xanthomonas sp C1.
Polyphenylens, Cross‐Linked Through Pd‐Carbene Complexes Formation, for Catalysis in Suzuki‐Miyaura Reactions
Authors: Rud Dmiry A. , Kushakova Natalia S. , Shapovalov Alexey V. , Naumkin Alexander V. , Zhidkova Irina V. , Khotina Irina A. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractPolyphenylenes supported N‐heterocyclic carbene Pd‐complexes were synthesized for catalysis of cross‐coupling Suzuki‐Miyaura reactions. Starting polyphenylenes were prepared by cyclocondensation reaction of diacetylaromatic with monoacetylaromatic compounds. N‐metylimidazole has been involved to the polymer through the mono‐functional acetyl monomer, in which in p‐position to acetyl group the group of haloalkyl was situated, and haloalkyl group interacted with N‐methylimidazole. N‐heterocyclic carbene complexes of Pd were synthesized usually by the reaction of imidazolium salts with the salts of transition metals in the presence of a base, obtaining the complex (N‐heterocyclic carbene)2PdX2. The catalysis reaction was carried out between arylhalides (iodo‐ or bromobenzene) and phenylboronic acid with the presence of 1 mol% of Pd. The yields of biphenyl are from 70 to 95%, which is comparable with homogeneous catalysis.
Aromatic Copolyimides Containing Perylene Units
Authors: Rusu Radu‐Dan , Damaceanu Mariana‐Dana , Bruma Maria 
Published: November 2010

AbstractPerylene‐containing copolyimides have been synthesized by one‐step polycondensation reaction under high temperature of two different aromatic diamines with a mixture of perylene‐3,4,9,10‐tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) and 4,4'‐hexafluoroisopropylidene diphthalic anhydride (6FDA). The copolyimides were soluble in polar amidic solvents and their solutions gave flexible thin films when spread onto glass plates. Very thin films obtained by spin coating had smooth surfaces and were self‐organized into vertically segregated structures. The polymers were highly thermostable, their decompositions being above 470 °C and displayed reasonable high glass transition temperature values. After being excited with UV light, the polymers emitted light in the bluish and green‐yellow domains.
Raman Structural Study of Copolymers of Propylene with Ethylene and High Olefins
Authors: Chernyshov Konstantin , Gen Dmitry , Shemouratov Yuri , Prokhorov Kirill , Nikolaeva Gulnara , Sagitova Elena , Pashinin Pavel , Kovalchuk Anton , Klyamkina Alla , Nedorezova Polina , Shklyaruk Boris , Optov Valery 
Published: November 2010

AbstractNascent form of random copolymers of propylene with ethylene, 1‐butene, 1‐hexene, 1‐octene, and 4‐methyl‐1‐pentene was studied by Raman spectroscopy. The most significant spectral alterations with a change in propylene content were observed in two lines at 809 and 841 cm−1. The first line corresponds to vibrations of polypropylene helical chains in the crystalline phase, while the second one is associated with vibrations of polypropylene helical chains having isomeric defects. Raman data confirm that conformational composition and phase state of copolymer macromolecules strongly depend on the comonomer content as well as on the size of the comonomer units.
Microfillers – Advantageous Potential for White Goods Industry
Authors: Vasić Vasilije , Schiesser Stefan 
Published: November 2010

AbstractMarket advantage of contemporary appliance product development heavily depends on the polymer materials and related fillers – e.g. micro‐fillers. Presented and analyzed is washing machine, its vital product component ‐ plastic tub. Namely, during the product life cycle it is exposed to the simultaneous and severe dynamic thermo‐mechanical loads. Material selection for suitable polymer composite is conducted predominantly with time‐dependency criteria – creep property at various thermo‐mechanical conditions. Experimental validation and polymer material benchmarking is implemented on already regular polymer composites with mineral fillers from 4 different appliance producers (PP + 40 × CaCO3) on one side with the regular, on market accessible microfiller on other side. The overall study contain comparison of regular PP as basic, reference property in comparison with regular mineral fillers with/without technology processing and microfillers. All these data provide necessary and proper procedure path for the polymer product designer to conduct rational and reliable polymer material selection during polymer product development.
Mechanical Unfolding of a Homopolymer Globule: Applied Force versus Applied Deformation
Authors: Polotsky Alexey A. , Smolyakova Elizaveta E. , Borisov Oleg V. , Birshtein Tatiana M. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWe propose the quantitative mean‐field theory of mechanical unfolding of a globule formed by long flexible homopolymer chain collapsed in poor solvent and subjected to an extensional force We show that with an increase in the applied force the globule unfolds as a whole without formation of an intermediate state. The value of the threshold force and the corresponding jump in the distance between chain ends increase with a deterioration of the solvent quality and / or with an increase in the degree of polymerization. This way of globule unfolding is compared with that in the D‐ensemble, when the distance between chain ends is imposed.
Fast switching immobilized photochromic dyes
Authors: Malic Nino , Campbell Jonathan A. , Ali Abdelselam S. , Francis Craig L. , Evans Richard A. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractA novel photochromic dye conjugate architecture is described, which allows both covalent tethering to a polymeric host matrix and fast photochromic switching. The new conjugates consist of a photochromic dye covalently bound to two different substituents via a Y‐branching linker (hetero Y‐branching), one being a polymerizable methacrylate moiety and the other a soft (low Tg) poly(dimethylsiloxane) oligomer. The novel conjugates gave faster photochromic decoloration in the host lens matrix compared with the electronically equivalent nonmatrix‐bound and unconjugated parent control dyes. In addition, further acceleration of fade speed kinetics was observed with a longer linker between photochromic dye and methacrylate moiety. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011
The toughness amplification map of poly(vinyl chloride) and its cellulose acetate‐compatibilized starch alloys containing core/shell rubber particles: Possible transition to super‐toughening
Authors: Pourrahimi A. M. , Mohammadi N. , Javadi A. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractToughening amplification of the neat poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and its reinforced version containing 25 phr of the cellulose acetate (CA)‐compatibilized starch using methyl methacrylate‐butadiene‐styrene (MBS) core–shell particles was studied. The room temperature measured impact strength of the PVC showed mild increase up to 10 wt % with the addition of MBS particles. Then, the toughness enhanced discontinuously to super‐tough plateau regime. The room temperature measured impact strength of PVC containing 20 phr of MBS particles, however, was reduced by as much as 95% when it was filled with 25 phr of the CA‐compatibilized starch. In addition, the brittle–ductile transition (BDT) of the toughened PVC increased from 0 to 60 °C because of its reinforcement, even though the matrix number density of the core/shell particles remained almost constant. The decline in the impact strength and the rise in the BDT of the hybrid PVC system were attributed to the decrease in the shear deformable matrix and shear deformation propagation rate despite the increase in the process zone size. Maximum impact strength of the hybrid system at 60 °C (its BDT) increased to about 25% of the toughened PVC at its BDT (0 °C). The toughness amplification correlation of the toughened and hybrid PVC systems with their process zones fractional stress volumes under the impact load showed three regimes: quasi‐tough, transition, and super‐tough, which were superimposable on literature data regarding hybrid nylon 66 systems. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2010
Fabricating single silicon quantum rods for repeatable single dot photoluminescence measurements
Authors: Bruhn Benjamin , Sangghaleh Fatemeh , Linnros Jan 
Published: November 2010

AbstractA fabrication method for a matrix pattern of laterally separated silicon quantum rods was developed, consisting of a three‐step recipe utilizing electron beam lithography (EBL), reactive ion etching (RIE), and oxidation. Photoluminescence (PL) measurements – images, spectra, and blinking – verified that the presented method results in a high number of luminescing single silicon quantum rods in well defined positions on the sample. These are suitable for single dot spectroscopy and repeatable measurements, even using different measurement methods and instruments.magnified imageColorized scanning electron microscope images of undulating silicon nanowalls for controlled single quantum rod fabrication.
Deblur of radially variant blurred image for single lens system
Authors: Zhang Yupeng , Ueda Toshitsugu 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThis paper introduces a method to deblur a radially blurred image which is created by a single lens imaging system. Single lens imaging system does not create stronger lens aberrations around the center of an image, but stronger around the outside. One obvious phenomenon caused by this is the radially increased blurring effect along the radial line. Researchers have already studied one kind of radial blur caused by vertical motion between camera and object, but few have studied on the radial blur caused by inherent defect of a single lens system. Because of the radially variant property, a method is proposed in this paper that carries out the deconvolution using Polar coordinate system for both image and point spread functions (PSFs) converted from Cartesian coordinate system. By doing this the deblurring becomes a regular spatially invariant (SI) linear mathematical model for each circled region in the image that has same radial distance from the image center. Simulation results suggest the proposed method visually obtained the best deblurred image quality using four PSFs applied to four SI regions compared to deblurred images by other simulation conditions. However, segmenting the blurred image into more than four regions is undesirable because of the high β/n ratio. © 2010 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.