bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sexual function in adolescent and young adult survivors of lower extremity bone tumors
Authors: Barrera Maru , Teall Tanya , Barr Ronald , Silva Mariana , Greenberg Mark 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBackgroundImproving survival rates and new surgical options have led to increased interest regarding late effects and quality of life in adolescent and young adult survivors of bone cancers, including their sexual functioning. This study investigated sexual functioning in adolescent and young adult survivors of lower limb bone tumors, in relation to surgical treatments, gender differences, depressive symptoms, global self worth, and physical disability.ProcedureTwenty‐eight participants (age range 18–32 years) completed measures of gender specific sexual function, depressive symptoms, global self worth, and physical disability. For analysis, surgical intervention was grouped into limb sparing surgeries (LS; allograft fusion and endoprosthesis) and amputation or Van Nes rotationplasty (AMP).ResultsMale survivors reported significantly higher scores than females on total sexual function scores (P = 0.050), sexual drive (P = 0.002), and frequency of sexual thoughts, fantasies or erotic dreams (P = 0.021). Men also reported significantly better physical functioning scores than women (P = 0.012). LS scored significantly lower on frequency of sexual thoughts, fantasies and erotic dreams (P = 0.048) and frequency of sexual experiences (P = 0.016) compared with AMP. In addition, LS reported significantly more depressive symptoms scores (P = 0.004) and lower self worth scores (P = 0.037), than AMP.ConclusionsThese results suggest that male survivors of lower extremity bone tumors experience better sexual functioning than women. Survivors of limb sparing surgeries struggle with sexual function, depressive symptoms, and poor self‐perception compared to Van Nes rotationplasty and amputation survivors. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2010;55:1370–1376. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Set‐LRP of MMA in acetic acid
Authors: Fleischmann Sven , Percec Virgil 
Published: September 2010

AbstractSingle‐electron transfer living radical polymerization (SET‐LRP) has emerged as a reliable, robust, and straight forward tool for the construction of well‐defined polymers. This manuscript reports on the influence of acidity on the SET‐LRP process. The SET‐LRP of methyl methacrylate initiated with tosyl chloride and catalyzed by Cu(0)/Me6‐TREN at 50 °C in protic solvent mixtures containing acetic acid is described. The polymerization kinetics was recorded in the presence of various amounts of acetic acid. Hereby it was found that the SET‐LRP process tolerates considerable acidity. The SET‐LRP of MMA comprising 1, 2.5, 10, and 25% acetic acid were well controlled. The reactions followed first‐order kinetic in monomer consumption and the molecular weights increased linearly with conversion while retaining narrow molecular weight distribution. In all cases, complete monomer conversion was achieved. Acetic acid could be also used as a solvent for the SET‐LRP of MMA. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2010
Long‐term comparative trial of two different physiotherapy techniques; postural drainage with percussion and autogenic drainage, in the treatment of cystic fibrosis
Authors: McIlwaine Maggie , Wong Lawrence T , Chilvers Mark , Davidson George F. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIn N. America, over the past decade, various airway clearance techniques (ACT) have been introduced for the treatment of cystic fibrosis (CF). We hypothesized that autogenic drainage (AD), an ACT developed in Belgium would be as effective as postural drainage with percussion (PD) in treating patients with CF.MethodsThirty‐six CF patients, aged 12–18 years, with Shwachman score 65–98, were enrolled in a 2‐year cross‐over trial. Patients were matched as pairs and members of each pair were randomly assigned to two groups. For the first study year, Group A performed PD while Group B performed AD. At the end of 1 year Groups A and B crossed over physiotherapy techniques. Clinical status and pulmonary function (FVC, FEV1, FEF25–75) were measured at 3 monthly intervals. Only results from the first year of the study are reported, as 10 out of 17 patients who had completed performing AD for the first year refused to change back to PD for the second year.ResultsDuring the first year of the study, both the AD and PD groups demonstrated improved pulmonary function with no significant difference between the two groups. Change in FVC and FEV1 percent predicted for Groups A and B was 0.47 ± 1.65se versus 2.35 ± 1.51se and 2.09 ± 2.2se versus 0.92 ± 2.25se. However, CF patients exhibited a marked preference for the AD technique. Results suggest that both AD and PD are effective methods of performing physiotherapy for CF patients and that the benefits of either technique are enhanced by measures which encourage adherence. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2010;45:1064–1069. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Photochemical degradation of citrate buffers leads to covalent acetonation of recombinant protein therapeutics
Authors: Valliere‐Douglass John F. , Connell‐Crowley Lisa , Jensen Randy , Schnier Paul D. , Trilisky Egor , Leith Matt , Follstad Brian D. , Kerr Jennifer , Lewis Nathan , Vunnum Suresh , Treuheit Michael J. , Balland Alain , Wallace Alison 
Published: September 2010

AbstractNovel acetone and aldimine covalent adducts were identified on the N‐termini and lysine side chains of recombinant monoclonal antibodies. Photochemical degradation of citrate buffers, in the presence of trace levels of iron, is demonstrated as the source of these modifications. The link between degradation of citrate and the observed protein modifications was conclusively established by tracking the citrate decomposition products and protein adducts resulting from photochemical degradation of isotope labeled 13C citrate by mass spectrometry. The structure of the acetone modification was determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy on modified–free glycine and found to correspond to acetone linked to the N‐terminus of the amino acid through a methyl carbon. Results from mass spectrometric fragmentation of glycine modified with an acetone adduct derived from 13C labeled citrate indicated that the three central carbons of citrate are incorporated onto protein amines in the presence of iron and light. While citrate is known to stoichiometrically decompose to acetone and CO2 through various intermediates in photochemical systems, it has never been shown to be a causative agent in protein carbonylation. Our results point to a previously unknown source for the generation of reactive carbonyl species. This work also highlights the potential deleterious impact of trace metals on recombinant protein therapeutics formulated in citrate buffers.
New insights into S2P signaling cascades: Regulation, variation, and conservation
Authors: Chen Gu , Zhang Xu 
Published: September 2010

AbstractRegulated intramembrane proteolysis (RIP) is a conserved mechanism that regulates signal transduction across the membrane by recruiting membrane‐bound proteases to cleave membrane‐spanning regulatory proteins. As the first identified protease that performs RIP, the metalloprotease site‐2 protease (S2P) has received extensive study during the past decade, and an increasing number of S2P‐like proteases have been identified and studied in different organisms; however, some of their substrates and the related S1Ps remain elusive. Here, we review recent research on S2P cascades, including human S2P, E. coli RseP, B. subtilis SpoIVFB and the newly identified S2P homologs. We also discuss the variation and conservation of characterized S2P cascades. The conserved catalytic motif of S2P and prevalence of amino acids of low helical propensity in the transmembrane segments of the substrates suggest a conserved catalytic conformation and mechanism within the S2P family. The review also sheds light on future research on S2P cascades.
Non‐native interactions play an effective role in protein folding dynamics
Authors: Faísca Patrícia F. N. , Nunes Ana , Travasso Rui D.M. , Shakhnovich Eugene I. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractSystematic Monte Carlo simulations of simple lattice models show that the final stage of protein folding is an ordered process where native contacts get locked (i.e., the residues come into contact and remain in contact for the duration of the folding process) in a well‐defined order. The detailed study of the folding dynamics of protein‐like sequences designed as to exhibit different contact energy distributions, as well as different degrees of sequence optimization (i.e., participation of non‐native interactions in the folding process), reveals significant differences in the corresponding locking scenarios—the collection of native contacts and their average locking times, which are largely ascribable to the dynamics of non‐native contacts. Furthermore, strong evidence for a positive role played by non‐native contacts at an early folding stage was also found. Interestingly, for topologically simple target structures, a positive interplay between native and non‐native contacts is observed also toward the end of the folding process, suggesting that non‐native contacts may indeed affect the overall folding process. For target models exhibiting clear two‐state kinetics, the relation between the nucleation mechanism of folding and the locking scenario is investigated. Our results suggest that the stabilization of the folding transition state can be achieved through the establishment of a very small network of native contacts that are the first to lock during the folding process.
Mechanical and electronic properties of carbon nanotube–graphene compounds
Authors: Artyukh A. A. , Chernozatonskii L. A. , Sorokin P. B. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractComposite structures of graphene and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have attracted great interest due to their expected distinguished properties. Here we have investigated the mechanical and electronic properties of new nanostructures based on CNT–graphene covalent‐bonded compounds.magnified image
The process of the formation of the graphene–nanotube compound. Left: single graphene and nanotube (border atoms of graphene are highlighted). Right: carbon nanotube–graphene composite.
Study of the mechanical response of carbon nanotubes‐SU8 composites by nanoindentation
Authors: Mionić Marijana , Jiguet Sébastien , Judelewicz Moshe , Karimi Ayat , Forró László , Magrez Arnaud 
Published: September 2010

AbstractMultiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/SU8 composites have been produced to enhance the mechanical properties of SU8 photoresist. We have studied the influence of SU8 solvent on the structural homogeneity of composites through nanoindentation testing. It is found that acetone and propylene glycol methyl ether acetate (PGMEA) are very suitable solvents to prepare MWCNTs/SU8 composites with significant increase of the Young's modulus (EY). The highest increase of EY in respect to the parent material of 104% was obtained with acetone as solvent. It was noticed that the remaining solvent in the composite influences strongly EY, as well.
A combined photoemission and ab initio study of the electronic structure of (6,4)/(6,5) enriched single wall carbon nanotubes
Authors: Blauwe Katrien De , Miyata Yasumitsu , Ayala Paola , Shiozawa Hidetsugu , Mowbray Duncan J. , Rubio Angel , Hoffmann P. , Kataura Hiromichi , Pichler Thomas 
Published: September 2010

AbstractDue to the growing number of applications of small diameter single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) in opto‐electronics and biological imaging, there is a strong need for a better understanding of their electronic properties. Because (6,5) tubes with a diameter of 0.75 nm are currently the strongest enriched in the CoMoCat synthesis process, they are one of the most studied carbon nanotubes. However, there is still a lack of knowledge on the electronic properties of these tubes. In this paper, we report on a detailed analysis of the electronic structure of (6,4)/(6,5) enriched nanotubes with a combined experimental and theoretical approach. From photoemission the detailed C1s and valence band response of these narrow diameter tubes is studied. The observed electronic structure is in sound agreement with state of the art ab initio calculations using density functional theory.
Raman response from double‐wall carbon nanotubes based on metallicity selected host SWCNTs
Authors: Simon F. , Kramberger C. , Peterlik H. , Pfeiffer R. , De Blauwe K. , Pichler T. , Kuzmany H. , Yanagi K. , Miyata Y. , Kataura H. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractWe studied SWCNTs and derivatives separated according to their metallicity using X‐ray diffractometry, optical absorption, and Raman spectroscopy. The X‐ray study evidences a complete absence of graphite and metal catalysts. Optical absorption shows that the metallic sample is of high purity, however, a small amount of metallic tubes are present in the semiconducting sample. We synthesized double‐wall carbon nanotubes from the separated SWCNTs by filling‐in C60's and heating these samples. The Raman spectra of the inner tubes are markedly distinct in the two types of samples and also allows to characterize the efficiency of the separation.
Site‐selective deposition of single‐wall carbon nanotubes by patterning self‐assembled monolayer for application to thin‐film transistors
Authors: Fujii Shunjiro , Tanaka Takeshi , Suga Hiroshi , Naitoh Yasuhisa , Minari Takeo , Tsukagoshi Kazuhito , Kataura Hiromichi 
Published: September 2010

AbstractWe have demonstrated a site‐selective deposition of uniform single‐wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) thin films on a SiO2/Si substrate using patterned self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs). Non‐polar octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) SAM was patterned by ultraviolet (UV) light through shadow mask. Then polar 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) SAM was selectively formed at the channel area of thin film transistors (TFTs). Finally, SWCNT thin films were selectively deposited on the TFT channel using these patterned SAMs. In this work, 25 TFTs were fabricated simultaneously on the same substrate using semiconductor‐enriched SWCNTs (s‐SWCNTs) solution. As a result, 23 TFTs showed high on/off current ratios over 104 without any post‐treatment. It was confirmed that this method is useful to produce a large number of TFTs at a same time and applicable to the low cost production of SWCNT‐integrated circuits in near future.
Impacts of fluorine on GaN high electron mobility transistors: Theoretical study
Authors: Hong Ki‐Ha , Hwang Injun , Choi Hyuk Soon , Oh Jaejoon , Shin Jaikwang , Chung U‐In , Kim Jongseob 
Published: September 2010

AbstractWe investigate the role of fluorine (F) in GaN‐based high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) with first principle calculations. Formation energy calculations of F in GaN and AlN reveal that energetically favored interstitial F (Fi) and substitutional F at N sites (FN) could play important roles in the performance of HEMTs. Fiis responsible for positive threshold voltage (Vth) shift by forming F–anion and depleting 2DEG carriers. The degradation of device performance at high temperature is ascribed to the defect energy state near conduction band edge of FN. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Investigation of electron delay in the base on noise performance in InGaP heterojunction bipolar transistors
Authors: Shimukovitch A. , Sakalas P. , Zampardi P. , Schroter M. , Matulionis A. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe DC, RF and noise characteristics of InGaP/GaAs heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) with different base layer widths and δ‐doped layer in the collector were investigated. Analysis of the RF and noise characteristics revealed that the high frequency noise of these HBTs is reduced due to cross‐correlation of shot noise sources and Coulomb blockade from accumulated charge. The measured noise performance is in a good agreement with the HICUM L2 compact model [M. Schroter, IEICE Trans. Electron. E88‐C, 1098 (2005)] when correlated shot noise sources with Fano factor for collector shot noise are included.magnified imageDoping and content profiles of the investigated InGaP HBTs.(© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Invisible Scar Endoscopic Dorsal Approach Thyroidectomy: A Clinical Feasibility Study
Authors: Schardey Hans Martin , Barone Mirko , Pörtl Stefan , von Ahnen Martin , von Ahnen Thomas , Schopf Stefan 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of the present study was to test the safety and feasibility of the dorsal approach endoscopic thyroidectomy procedure in a prospective trial in humans, after the procedure had been developed ex vivo in human cadavers.MethodsA total of 28 patients were enrolled for 30 unilateral procedures of thyroidectomy. Two cases were staged bilateral procedures. Patients presenting with suspicious cold nodules, hot nodules, or goiters were operated on under general anaesthesia. Skin incision is carried out on the scalp, behind the ear. Deep to the sternocleidomastoid muscle, but respecting the superficial cervical fascia, the preparation goes past the carotid triangle to reach the thyroid below the straight neck muscles. Postoperatively the patients underwent neurological assessment, vocal cord examination, clinical control for hemorrhage, and determination of serum levels of Ca2+.ResultsThirty unilateral procedures by the dorsal approach were carried out in 22 women and 6 men. There was 1 subtotal thyroidectomy and 29 total unilateral thyroidectomies with no conversions. There was one permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) lesion and one postoperative hemorrhage. The size of the lobes removed ranged from 6 to 40 ml (mean: 18 ml). In four cases the specimen exceeded 38 ml. There was one multifocal papillary cancer requiring open surgical revision and lymphadenectomy. The other diagnoses were benign. All wounds healed by primary intention. Temporary impairment of cervical nerves was detected in six patients. It was possible to avoid access‐related problems by improving the patient’s positioning on the operating table, omitting straight instruments, and respecting the superficial fascia before entering the carotid triangle.ConclusionsHemithyroidectomy by the dorsal approach is feasible. It is a single surgeon, single port, gasless unilateral endoscopic technique with the option to go bilateral.
The Development of a Methodology for Examining the Process of Family Communication of Genetic Test Results
Authors: Smith Jonathan A. , Dancyger Caroline , Wallace Melissa , Jacobs Chris , Michie Susan 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIt is important to study communication processes in families where members are undergoing testing for genetic conditions because the information received from such testing is crucial not just to the individual concerned but also to other members of the biological family. This topic has received little research attention, in part because of the complexities of methodology required. In this paper we present the development of a method specifically designed for the examination of the content and process of communication of genetic information in families. The method aims to maximize ecological validity as far as is possible. We describe how participants and other family members are recruited and how data were collected. We outline three main data analytic strategies: a graphic to show how genetic information changes as it flows from clinic and through the family, an intensive qualitative analysis of the meaning and impact of the genetic information to different family members, and an informative genogram which plots key family dynamics. This method will be illustrated in relation to a study of ten family‐groups where one individual has been found to carry a genetic mutation predisposing them to hereditary breast and ovarian cancer.
Signal transduction and signal transmission
Authors: Gießl A. , Regus-Leidig H. , Brandstätter J. H. 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Vision begins in highly specialized light-sensing neurons, the rod and cone photoreceptors. Their task is to absorb photons, transduce the physical stimulus into neuronal sig­nals, transmit the signals to the parallel signal processing pathways of the subsequent reti­nal network with the highest possible fidelity and continuously adapt to changes in stim­ulus intensities. If you imagine a pitch-black night with only a few photons hitting the ret­ina and being absorbed by the photoreceptors and a bright sunny day with the photore­ceptors being bombarded by billions of photons, you realize that a photoreceptor faces two fundamental challenges: it has to detect the light signal with the greatest sensitivity, e.g. a single photon leads to a change in the membrane potential of a rod photoreceptor and, at the same time, encode light intensities covering a broad dynamic range of sev­eral orders of magnitude. To fulfill these demands, photoreceptors have developed separate, structurally and functionally specialized compartments, which are the topic of this article: the outer segment for signal transduc­tion and the terminal with its highly complex ribbon synapse for signal transmission.
Artificial implants for the regeneration of peripheral nerves
Authors: Koxholt I. , Mey J. 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Axonal regeneration is possible in the pe­ripheral nervous system. Therefore, nerve le­sions can be cured by suturing the dissoci­ated nerve stumps or by grafting an autol­ogous nerve. Since nerve transplantations cause a sensory deficit at the donor site, it is desirable to develop artificial implants for nerve regeneration. Artificial implants have to promote and guide axonal growth, the migration of Schwann cells and must not cause inflammation. Hollow tubes as nerve bridges are already used in the clinic. However, with these it is not possible to achieve nerve re­generation over distances much longer than 30 mm. For this purpose, a number of natural and synthetic materials have already been tested. Biocompatible tubes are being developed which contain orientated fibers or gels with longitudinal channels. In addition, artificial guidance materials are endowed with specific biological functions. Most frequently, extracellular matrix proteins or synthet­ic peptides that activate integrin receptors are coupled to the materials. Other approach­es use gradients of neurotrophins or incorporate living cells. In the long run, a major goal of research is to develop cell-free artificial implants which allow a similar degree of regen­eration as is possible with autologous nerve transplants.
ON-FARM ASSESSMENT OF CLONAL INTRODUCTION OF ROOT CROPS DIVERSITY IN VANUATU, MELANESIA
Authors: CAMUS P. , LEBOT V. 
Published: September 2010

SUMMARYEx-situ collections of vegetatively propagated root crops are difficult to maintain in developing countries. On-farm conservation could be a solution but is more complex for vegetatively propagated than for sexually propagated species. In Vanuatu, a Melanesian archipelago where yam, taro, sweet potato and cassava are staples, a study was undertaken to develop an on-farm conservation system based on the geographic distribution of allelic diversity. Two years after the introduction of new varieties, a survey was conducted with 449 farmers located on 10 different islands. In order to evaluate on-farm conservation efficiency, qualitative and quantitative investigations were conducted and data were analysed. The conclusion was that farmers do enrich their varietal portfolios with introduced exotic genotypes thus broadening the narrow genetic bases of some species. Nevertheless, no local varieties were lost. Significant geographic distribution of clones of new varieties throughout the archipelago also took place via spontaneous, informal distribution to farmers' relatives. These encouraging results point to the potential impact of the geographic distribution of allelic diversity on smallholders' varietal portfolios. On-farm conservation appears to be an appropriate strategy for the conservation of root crop germplasm diversity in Vanuatu. Potential applications for transfer of the methodology to other locations are discussed.