bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GPCR kinase 2 interacting protein 1 (GIT1) regulates osteoclast function and bone mass
Authors: Menon Prashanthi , Yin Guoyong , Smolock Elaine M. , Zuscik Michael J. , Yan Chen , Berk Bradford C. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractG‐protein‐coupled receptor (GPCR) kinase 2 interacting protein‐1 (GIT1) is a scaffold protein expressed in various cell types including neurons, endothelial, and vascular smooth muscle cells. The GIT1 knockout (KO) mouse has a pulmonary phenotype due to impaired endothelial function. Because GIT1 is tyrosine phosphorylated by Src kinase, we anticipated that GIT1 KO should have a bone phenotype similar to Src KO. Microcomputed tomography of the long bones revealed that GIT1 KO mice have a 2.3‐fold increase in bone mass compared to wild‐type controls. Histomorphometry showed increased trabecular number and connectivity suggesting impaired bone remodeling. Immunoblot analysis of GIT1 expression showed that it was expressed in both osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Osteoblast activity and function assayed by alkaline phosphatase, mineral nodule formation, and in vivo calcein labeling were normal in GIT1 KO mice suggesting that the observed increase in bone mass was due to an osteoclast defect. GIT1 KO bone marrow cells differentiated into multinucleated osteoclasts, but had defective bone resorbing function on dentin slices. This defect was likely caused by loss of podosome belt based on immunofluorescence analysis and previous studies showing that GIT1 is required for podosome formation. Furthermore, we found that GIT1 was a regulator of receptor activator of NFκB (RANK) signaling since it was tyrosine phosphorylated in a Src‐dependent manner and was required for phospholipase C‐γ2 phosphorylation. These data show that GIT1 is a key regulator of bone mass in vivo by regulating osteoclast function and suggest GIT1 as a potential target for osteoporosis therapy. J. Cell. Physiol. 225: 777–785, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Modulation of sensory neuron‐specific receptors in the development of morphine tolerance and its neurochemical mechanisms
Authors: Chen Peiwen , Wang Dongmei , Li Meili , Zhang Yanding , Quirion Rémi , Hong Yanguo 
Published: June 2010

AbstractPrevention of opiate tolerance is a critical issue in pain management. The present study was designed to characterize the pharmacological properties of sensory neuron‐specific receptors (SNSR; also known asMas‐related genereceptors, or Mrg) for their modulation in the development of morphine tolerance and to investigate the underlying mechanism(s). Daily coadministration of the SNSR agonist BAM8‐22 at a dose of 0.01 or 0.001, but not 1.0, nmol with morphine (intrathecally, or i.t., 20 μg/day) for 6 days significantly decreased the development of morphine tolerance. Coadministration of BAM8‐22 (i.t., 1.0 nmol) on days 1, 3, and 5 completely blocked tolerance to morphine‐induced analgesia. Intermittent coadministration of the structurally dissimilar SNSR agonist (Tyr6)‐2‐MSH‐6‐12 (MSH; 5 nmol) also produced similar modulation. Chronic administration of morphine (20 μg, i.t.) increased expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) in superficial layers of the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia. All these increases were abolished when BAM8‐22 or MSH was intermittently coadministered. Furthermore, intermittent administration of BAM8‐22 inhibited morphine‐induced increase in protein kinase Cγ (PKCγ) in both membrane and cytosol of spinal dorsal horn neurons. These results suggest that moderate activation of SNSR modulated morphine tolerance by inhibition of the PKC signaling pathway, leading to abolishment of enhancement of nNOS and CGRP. As SNSR are uniquely located ina subset of small‐sized neurons in dorsal root and trigeminal ganglia, intermittent combination of SNSR agonist could be a promising adjunct for sustained use of opiates without central nervous system side effects. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cross‐talk between STAT1 and PI3K/AKT signaling in HIV‐1‐induced blood–brain barrier dysfunction: Role of CCR5 and implications for viral neuropathogenesis
Authors: Yang Bo , Singh Sangya , Bressani Rafael , Kanmogne Georgette D. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractHow neuroinflammation affects signaling pathways leading to human blood–brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction during HIV‐1 infection is incompletely understood. We previously demonstrated that signal transducers and activators of transcription‐1 (STAT1) signaling is involved in HIV‐1 induced BBB damage and is relevant to viral neuropathogenesis. The objective of this study was to delineate the signaling pathways upstream and downstream of STAT1 involved in HIV‐1‐induced endothelial dysfunction. We show that HIV‐1 activation of STAT1 and STAT3 in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMEC) is associated with induction of promoter activity of the interferon‐stimulated response element (ISRE)/interferon‐γ‐activated sequence (GAS). The STAT1 inhibitor fludarabine diminished HIV‐1‐induced ISRE/GAS promoter activity. CCR5 neutralizing antibodies and the phosphoinositide‐3‐kinase (PI3K) inhibitor LY‐294002 diminished HIV‐1‐induced phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT3, significantly diminished HIV‐1‐induced ISRE/GAS promoter activity, and diminished virus‐induced monocyte adhesion and transendothelial migration. HIV‐1 infection did not phosphorylate janus kinases but induced activation of the phosphoinositide‐dependent kinase‐1 (PDK1) and the serine‐threonine protein kinase AKT, both downstream effectors of PI3K. CCR5 antibodies also diminished virus‐induced phosphorylation ofPDK1 and AKT. These results suggest that the chemokine receptor CCR5 is partially involved in HIV‐1 binding to HBMEC and show cross‐talk between STAT1 and PI3K pathways in HIV‐1‐induced BBB dysfunction. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Characterization of Ir(ppy)3 and [Ir(ppy)2 bpy]+ by infrared, Raman spectra and surface‐enhanced Raman scattering
Authors: Lai Szu‐Hsueh , Ling Jung‐Wei , Huang Yu‐Min , Huang Min‐Jie , Cheng Chien Hung , Chen I‐Chia 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe Raman and infrared spectra of fac‐tris(2‐phenylpyridinato‐N,C2′)iridium(III), Ir(ppy)3 and surface‐enhanced resonance Raman spectra of bis(2‐phenyl pyridinato‐) (2,2′bipyridine) iridium (III), [Ir(ppy)2 (bpy)]+ cation were recorded in the wavenumber range 150–1700 cm−1, and complete vibrational analyses of Ir(ppy)3 and [Ir(ppy)2 (bpy)]+ were performed. Most of the vibrational wavenumbers were calculated with density‐functional theory agree with experimental data. On the basis of the results of calculation and comparison of the spectra of both complexes and their analogue [Ru(bpy)3]2+, we assign the vibrational wavenumbers for metal–ligand modes; metal–ligand stretching wavenumbers are 277/307 and 261/236 cm−1 for Ir(ppy)3, and 311/324, 257/270, 199/245 cm−1 for [Ir(ppy)2 bpy]+. Surface‐enhanced Raman scattering spectra of [Ir(ppy)2 bpy]2+ were measured at two wavelengths on the red and blue edges of the low‐energy metal‐to‐ligand charge‐transfer band. According to the enhanced Raman intensities for the vibrational modes of both ligands ppy and bpy, the unresolved charge‐transfer band is deduced to consist of charge‐transfer transitions from the triplet metal to both ligands ppy and bpy. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Chromatographic fingerprint study on Evodia rutaecarpa (Juss.) Benth by HPLC/DAD/ESI‐MSn technique
Authors: Zhou Xin , Zhao Yang , Lei Peihai , Cai Zongwei , Liu Hai 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe LC–ESI‐MSn method was developed for the analysis and characterization of alkaloids in the extract of E. rutaecarpa (called Wuzhuyu in Chinese). Thirty‐six batches of Wuzhuyu from different locations of China were investigated and the common fingerprinting profile was established with a professional analytical software recommended by the State Food and Drug Administration. Fifteen chemical components of the common peaks were identified by multi‐stage MS. The effects on the chromatographic profile resulting from different collecting locations, harvesting times or storage times were studied. Hierarchical clustering analysis and principal components analysis were also performed to classify and differentiate the 36 batches of the samples. As a result, those which had same chemical properties were sorted into one cluster, which was very useful in evaluating and controlling the quality of Wuzhuyu.
Understanding the benefits of social tourism: Linking participation to subjective well‐being and quality of life
Authors: McCabe Scott , Joldersma Thea , Li Chunxiao 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThis paper aims to explore the relationship between well‐being, quality of life and holiday participation among low‐income families in the UK. There have been very studies that have examined quality of life (QOL) and subjective well‐being in relation to tourism and none that have attempted to apply measures to assess the benefits of holidays for those people who are generally excluded from participation. This is important in relation to social tourism because of the fundamental need to develop mechanisms to evaluate the impact of charitable funding for supporting low‐income families' participation in holidaymaking. This study evaluates the types of reasons given for financial assistance in applications to the Family Holiday Association including follow‐up research with a sample of successful applicants on the perceived benefits of the holiday, including questions on QOL factors. The findings are limited in scope but do indicate that increases in QOL were reported among low‐income families. The paper concludes by arguing that further research on adapted well‐being and QOL measures be applied to tourism consumption. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Endoscopic frontal sinusotomy—Preventing recurrence or a route to revision?
Authors: Philpott Carl M. , Thamboo Andrew , Lai Leo , Park Jei , Javer Amin R. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:The Messerklinger technique is an endoscopic approach to sinus surgery designed to be minimally invasive and preserve mucosa and therefore physiological function. More recently there have been advocates for more radical endoscopic approaches to the frontal sinus such as the modified Lothrop procedure. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of endoscopic frontal sinusotomy in preventing recurrent frontal sinus disease and the need for any revision frontal sinus surgery.Study Design:Retrospective data review.Methods:A retrospective review of the chronic rhinosinusitis database at St. Paul's Sinus Centre was performed, randomly selecting 200 patients who had undergone primary bilateral functional endoscopic sinus surgery between 2000 and 2009. Any endoscopic or radiological recurrences listed on the database were counted along with the number of cases returned to theater for revision surgery. The preoperative Lund‐Mackay score was also extracted from the database.Results:In the 200 patients who had undergone their primary surgery at St. Paul's Hospital, the recurrence rate of frontal sinus disease was 19%, with less than one half (8%) requiring revision surgery. The Lund‐Mackay scores showed no correlation between disease severity and the incidence of recurrence (P = .35), and there was no difference between polyp and nonpolyp forms of chronic rhinosinusitis (P = .14). A comparison with 100 patients in the database who had received their primary surgery at another center showed that the revision patients had a recurrence rate of 34% and a revision rate of 21%. The patients who did not receive surgical revision were treated satisfactorily with topical medications in the outpatient clinic.Conclusions:Meticulously performed endoscopic frontal sinusotomy with computer guidance appears to be an effective minimally invasive procedure to treat chronic frontal sinusitis secondary to outflow tract obstruction. Properly performed, it is effective in dealing with the most diseased frontal sinus. It offers clear advantages in reducing complications and recurrence rates in frontal sinus disease even in revision cases. Laryngoscope, 2010
Prevalence of laryngomalacia in children presenting with sleep‐disordered breathing
Authors: Thevasagayam Mahilravi , Rodger Kirsty , Cave Dominic , Witmans Manisha , El‐Hakim Hamdy 
Published: June 2010

AbstractObjective:To determine the prevalence of laryngomalacia among children presenting with symptoms of sleep‐disordered breathing (SDB).Method:A retrospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary care paediatric hospital. All children presenting with SDB during a 55‐month period were investigated using sleep nasopharyngoscopy (SNP). Patients who had laryngomalacia were identified. Patients who did not present primarily with SDB, or were not examined with SNP were excluded. Data for analysis was collected from a prospectively kept surgical database and medical records. This included patients' demographics, symptoms (including symptoms in infancy), diagnoses, SNP findings, overnight pulse oximetry findings, and treatment.Results:We identified 358 patients with documented primary diagnosis of SDB and who had undergone SNP. Fourteen of these also had a documented diagnosis of laryngomalacia, giving a prevalence rate of 3.9%. Three children were syndromic, and one had cerebral palsy in addition to SDB and laryngomalacia. Three children were obese, and three children had gastroesophageal reflux disease. Seven cases (50%) had symptoms of snoring and/or swallowing dysfunction and/or stridor in infancy. Twelve patients had adenotonsillar surgery. In eight cases symptoms resolved completely with adenotonsillar surgery only. In total, six patients had a supraglottoplasty. There were three failures to supraglottoplasty.Conclusion:The prevalence of laryngomalacia within children presenting with SDB is 3.9%. Our findings support full evaluation of the airway to identify the site of pathology mediating SDB symptoms. Laryngoscope, 2010
What spatial light modulators can do for optical microscopy
Authors: Maurer C. , Jesacher A. , Bernet S. , Ritsch‐Marte M. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractWith the availability of high‐resolution miniature spatial light modulators (SLMs) new methods in optical microscopy have become feasible. The SLMs discussed in this review consist of miniature liquid crystal displays with micron‐sized pixels that can modulate the phase and/or amplitude of an optical wavefront. In microscopy they can be used to control and shape the sample illumination, or they can act as spatial Fourier filters in the imaging path. Some of these applications are reviewed in this article. One of them, called spiral phase contrast, generates isotropic edge enhancement of thin phase samples or spiral‐shaped interference fringes for thicker phase samples, which can be used to reconstruct the phase topography from a single on‐axis interferogram. If SLMs are used for both illumination control and spatial Fourier filtering, this combination for instance allows for the generalization of the Zernike phase contrast principle. The new SLM‐based approach improves the effective resolution and avoids some shortcomings and artifacts of the traditional method. The main advantage of SLMs in microscopy is their flexibility, as one can realize various operation modes in the same setup, without the need for changing any hardware components, simply by electronically switching the phase pattern displayed on the SLMs.
Study on corrosive electrochemical behaviors of zinc‐rich and graphite‐filled epoxy coatings in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution
Authors: Liu J. , Wang F. , Park K. C. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractEnvironment behaviors and degradation mechanisms of two organic epoxy coatings coated on carbon steel sheets in 3.5 wt% NaCl neutral solution were studied by electrochemical impedance measurements and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The results showed that the coating resistance (Rp) of the graphite‐filled epoxy coating tested, which presents the film barrier performance, is higher than those of 6101 epoxy resin for initial seawater immersion, but the coating resistance of the zinc‐rich epoxy coating was lower than that of 6101 epoxy resin. After salt spray tests, zinc‐rich epoxy coating coated on the metal still has good anti‐corrosion performances due to the existence of protection effects called “electrochemical” and “chemical” protection. Those behaviors and degradation mechanisms of two coatings can be explained by a series of measured electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements, and two equivalent circuit models were proposed to explain the degradation processes of the two organic coatings.
Electrochemical stability and surface analysis in evaluation fluoride effect on new bioalloy Ti7Al3V2Mo2Fe used in dentistry
Authors: Ionita D. , Prodana M. , Demetrescu I. , Stanciu S. G. , Stanciu G. A. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe aim of this study is focused on the effect of fluoride concentration on the corrosion behavior of Ti7Al3V2Mo2Fe alloys uncoated/coated in artificial saliva. Ti7Al3V2Mo2Fe alloys were covered by chemical methods with hydroxyapatite to enhance the osteointegration of implants materials. The stability of Ti7Al3V2Mo2Fe alloys uncoated/coated in artificial saliva with/without fluoride ions was studied by electrochemical techniques (open circuit potential, cyclic voltammetry, and linear polarization). On the covered samples, dissolution test in simulated body fluids and wettability test were performed. Investigations regarding the sample surface modifications were made by atomic force microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results show that the corrosion resistance of Ti7Al3V2Mo2Fe in solution containing fluoride decreases in comparison with that in a solution not containing fluoride. Significant changes appear at a concentration larger than 0.05 M. The coating has a positive effect on corrosion resistance of metallic substrate in the fluoride presence acting as a semi‐mechanical barrier.
Synthesis and properties of all solid polymer electrolytes based on poly(vinyl acetate‐co‐acetyl ethylene oxide acrylate)
Authors: Zhou Shuhua , Kim Dukjoon 
Published: June 2010

AbstractPoly(acetyl ethylene oxide acrylate‐co‐vinyl acetate) (P(AEOA‐VAc)) was synthesized and used as a host for lithium perchlorate to prepare an all solid polymer electrolyte. Introduction of carbonyl groups into the copolymer increased ionic conductivity. All solid polymer electrolytes based on P(AEOA‐VAc) at 14.3 wt% VAc with 12wt% LiClO4 showed conductivity as high as 1.2 × 10−4 S cm−1 at room temperature. The temperature dependence of the ionic conductivity followed the VTF behavior, indicating that the ion transport was related to segmental movement of the polymer. FTIR was used to investigate the effect of the carbonyl group on ionic conductivity. The interaction between the lithium salt and carbonyl groups accelerated the dissociation of the lithium salt and thus resulted in a maximum ionic conductivity at a salt concentration higher than pure PAEO‐salts system. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fabrication and transport properties of poly(N‐vinylcarbazole)‐cellulose triacetate Langmuir‐Schaefer films
Authors: Basavaraja C. , Jo Eun Ae , Huh Do Sung 
Published: June 2010

AbstractCellulose triacetate (CTA) was doped with poly(N‐vinylcarbazole) during the oxidative polymerization of N‐vinylcarbazole using ferric chloride as an initiator to form polymer blends. The blends were characterized by Fourier transform infrared and UV‐vis spectroscopy. The surface morphology was further studied using both scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Langmuir‐Schaefer films of the polymer blends were fabricated. The DC conductivity of the polymer films at room temperature was found to increase with an increase in CTA content up to a value of 0.001 S cm−1. The temperature‐dependent DC conductivity of the polymer films studied in the range of 300–500 K shows an increase in conductivity with an increase in temperature indicating a semiconducting behavior with a negative temperature coefficient of resistivity. The apparent activation energy also showed a pronounced effect with an increase in the temperature as well as an increase in the content of CTA. POLYM. COMPOS., 2011. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers
Separating stress and time dependent effects in the temperature dependent creep of polyethylene nanocomposites
Authors: Shaito Ali , Fairbrother Debora , Sterling Jerry , D'Souza Nandika Anne 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe nonlinear time dependent creep of linear‐low density polyethylene (LLDPE) reinforced with montmorillonite layered silicate was investigated. A previous study related the time/stress dependence of creep compliance of the material at room temperature using the Burger and Kohlrausch‐Williams‐Watts models. Using both the creep and recovery compliance curves, we employ the Schapery formulation to study the relationship between deformation, time, stress, and temperature of LLDPE nanocomposites. Smooth mastercurves are constructed using time–temperature–stress superposition principles. The stress and temperature‐related creep constants and shift factors were determined for the material using the Schapery nonlinear viscoelastic equation. The prediction results confirm the enhanced creep resistance of nanofillers even at extended time scales and low temperatures. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 50:1646–1657, 2010. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers
Maintenance and differentiation of neural stem cells
Authors: Massirer Katlin B. , Carromeu Cassiano , Griesi‐Oliveira Karina , Muotri Alysson R. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe adult mammalian brain contains self‐renewable, multipotent neural stem cells (NSCs) that are responsible for neurogenesis and plasticity in specific regions of the adult brain. Extracellular matrix, vasculature, glial cells, and other neurons are components of the niche where NSCs are located. This surrounding environment is the source of extrinsic signals that instruct NSCs to either self‐renew or differentiate. Additionally, factors such as the intracellular epigenetics state and retrotransposition events can influence the decision of NSC's fate into neurons or glia. Extrinsic and intrinsic factors form an intricate signaling network, which is not completely understood. These factors altogether reflect a few of the key players characterized so far in the new field of NSC research and are covered in this review. WIREs Syst Biol Med 2011 3 107–114 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.100This article is categorized under:

Developmental Biology > Stem Cell Biology and Regeneration