bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synchronous parenchymal renal tumors of different histology in the same kidney
Authors: Capaccio Enrico , Varca Virginia , Simonato Alchiede , Toncini Carlo , Carmignani Giorgio , Derchi Lorenzo E. 
Published: December 2009

Background: Synchronous primary cortical tumors of different histology in the same kidney are rare. Preoperative awareness of this coexistence is important, since it can help in planning the surgical approach. Purpose: To describe the imaging findings observed in five patients with two parenchymal malignant tumors of different histology in the same kidney. Material and Methods: We reviewed the pathology reports of 381 patients operated for renal tumors from January 2000 to March 2007. The medical records of all patients with multiple, synchronous, primary lesions of different histology in the same kidney were reviewed with special attention to imaging findings and indications on the nature of the disease process. Computed tomography (CT) examinations were retrospectively evaluated for tumor detection, size, location, and enhancement pattern. Results: We found seven patients with synchronous tumors of different histology in the same kidney (1.8%). Among these, five (1.3%) had two malignancies of different subtypes and represent our study group. Four had preoperative ultrasound; all had CT. Imaging allowed identification of multifocality in 4/5 cases and, in 3/4 patients with visible double tumors, recognition of differences in lesion appearance. In only one patient did the two tumors have similar enhancement patterns. Conclusion: It is possible to suspect preoperatively the presence of tumors of different histologic subtypes within the same kidney. Imaging findings may provide information regarding the presence of lesions with different aggressiveness within the kidney, which may be helpful in therapeutic planning.
Physical and clinical comparison between a screen-film system and a dual-side reading mammography-dedicated computed radiography system
Authors: Rivetti S. , Canossi B. , Battista R. , Lanconelli N. , Vetruccio E. , Danielli C. , Borasi G. , Torricelli P. 
Published: December 2009

Background: Digital mammography systems, thanks to a physical performance better than conventional screen-film units, have the potential of reducing the dose to patients, without decreasing the diagnostic accuracy. Purpose: To achieve a physical and clinical comparison between two systems: a screen-film plate and a dual-side computed radiography system (CRM; FUJIFILM FCR 5000 MA). Material and Methods: A unique feature of the FCR 5000 MA system is that it has a clear support medium, allowing light emitted during the scanning process to be detected on the "back" of the storage phosphor plate, considerably improving the system's efficiency. The system's physical performance was tested by means of a quantitative analysis, with calculation of the modulation transfer function, detective quantum efficiency, and contrast-detail analysis; subsequently, the results were compared with those achieved using a screen-film system (SFM; Eastmann Kodak MinR-MinR 2000). A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was then performed on 120 paired clinical images obtained in a craniocaudal projection with the conventional SFM system under standard exposure conditions and also with the CRM system working with a dose reduced by 35% (average breast thickness: 4.3 cm; mean glandular dose: 1.45 mGy). CRM clinical images were interpreted both in hard copy and in soft copy. Results: The ROC analysis revealed that the performances of the two systems (SFM and CRM with reduced dose) were similar ( P>0.05): the diagnostic accuracy of the two systems, when valued in terms of the area underneath the ROC curve, was found to be 0.74 for the SFM, 0.78 for the CRM (hard copy), and 0.79 for the CRM (soft copy). Conclusion: The outcome obtained from our experiments shows that the use of the dual-side CRM system is a very good alternative to the screen-film system.
Optimal treatment strategy for intracranial germ cell tumors: a single institution analysis
Authors: Kanamori Masayuki , Kumabe Toshihiro , Saito Ryuta , Yamashita Yoji , Sonoda Yukihiko , Ariga Hisanori , Takai Yoshihiro , Tominaga Teiji 
Published: December 2009

Object
This study retrospectively analyzed the long-term outcomes of 108 consecutive patients to establish the classification and optimal treatment strategy for each subgroup of newly diagnosed germ cell tumors (GCTs).

Methods
A retrospective review of medical records from the authors' department between April 1989 and March 2007 identified 108 patients with newly diagnosed intracranial GCT. The diagnoses were germinoma in 83 patients, and nongerminomatous GCT (NGGCT) in 25 patients.

Results
In patients with germinoma, the 10-year overall and progression-free survival (PFS) rates at a median follow-up period of 99 months were 86 and 74%, respectively. Recurrences developed during a range of 6 to 153 months (median 26 months) after starting the initial therapy. Patients treated only with chemotherapy demonstrated a shorter PFS rate, and patients treated with chemotherapy followed by reduced-dose radiation therapy to the whole ventricle, whole brain, or craniospinal axis showed significantly better PFS than patients treated with only radiation or reduced-dose radiation therapy to the focal field. Nongerminomatous GCTs were divided into good, intermediate, and poor prognosis groups as proposed by the Japanese Pediatric Brain Tumor Study Group. In the good and intermediate prognosis groups, the 10-year overall and PFS rates were 100 and 93%, respectively. In the poor prognosis group, the 3-year overall and PFS rates were 56 and 29%, respectively. All patients with NGGCTs, in whom the lesions on MR imaging disappeared after combination therapies consisting of resection, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy, remained alive.

Conclusions
Chemotherapy followed by reduced-dose radiation therapy covering the whole ventricle improves the prognosis for patients with germinoma. Combined therapy of radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and radical resection as an initial or salvage treatment achieved excellent tumor control in the intermediate prognosis NGGCT group. The outcomes were still dismal in the poor prognosis NGGCT group, so initial therapy should target complete disappearance of all lesions on MR imaging.
Role of diffusion tensor imaging in resection of thalamic juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma
Authors: Moshel Yaron A. , Elliott Robert E. , Monoky David J. , Wisoff Jeffrey H. 
Published: December 2009

Object
The choice of surgical approach during resection of a thalamic juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma (JPA) is dictated by the location of the displaced normal thalamus and posterior limb of the internal capsule (PLIC). Diffusion tensor (DT) imaging and white matter tractography can identify the location of the PLIC in relation to the tumor and may be useful in planning the operative trajectory.

Methods
Diffusion tensor imaging was used to localize the PLIC on preoperative MR imaging in 6 children undergoing resection of thalamic JPAs. After review of the standard T2-weighted MR imaging sequences, the anticipated position of the PLIC was determined. This result was compared with the location of the PLIC determined by a blinded radiologist with the use of DT imaging. The utility of DT imaging in determining the surgical approach to a thalamic JPA, degree of resection, and neurological outcomes were all evaluated.

Results
Diffusion tensor imaging confirmed the expected location of the PLIC as approximated on conventional T2-weighted images in all 6 cases. In 1 patient in particular, unexpected medial deviation of the PLIC was identified, and this proved useful in tailoring the approach to a more lateral trajectory. Gross-total resection of all cystic and solid tumor components was confirmed on postoperative imaging in all cases. All patients experienced mild to moderate worsening of neurological status immediately following resection, but 4 of 6 patients were back to their preoperative baseline at 6-month follow-up.

Conclusions
Diffusion tensor imaging and white matter tractography successfully identified the white matter fibers emanating from the precentral gyrus within the PLIC in children with thalamic JPAs prior to surgery. Diffusion tensor imaging served as a valuable tool for stereotactic planning of operative approaches to thalamic JPAs. Localizing the position of the PLIC helped minimize potential neurological morbidity and facilitated gross-total resection.
Cystic degeneration of the cerebellar tonsils in pediatric patients with Chiari Type I malformation
Authors: Stevenson Charles B. , Leach James L. , Gupta Anita , Crone Kerry R. 
Published: December 2009

Object
The operative indications and treatment algorithms for pediatric patients with Chiari Type I malformation (CM-I) vary widely. When an intradural approach and duraplasty are thought necessary at the time of surgery, neurosurgeons may elect to fulgurate or resect a portion of the cerebellar tonsils. Histological analyses of cerebellar tonsils resected during decompression in pediatric patients with CM-I have revealed multiple abnormal findings including extensive ischemic and degenerative changes. The authors describe an interesting phenomenon of cystic degeneration in the distal ends of the cerebellar tonsils in children undergoing operative treatment of CM-I.

Methods
The authors reviewed the clinical database of 440 pediatric patients who underwent surgical decompression for CM-I performed by a single surgeon. The clinical course, preoperative MR imaging and intraoperative ultrasound characteristics, and histological findings in 3 children found to have tonsillar cystic degeneration were analyzed and detailed.

Results
Cystic changes were subtle but uniformly evident on preoperative MR imaging and were more readily apparent on intraoperative ultrasonography. In each patient, the tonsillar cyst was resected. Histological examination revealed areas of cystic degenerative change characterized by distortion of the normal cerebellar architecture with absent Purkinje and internal granular cell layers. All children experienced improvement in their symptoms, without complication, postoperatively.

Conclusions
Cystic degeneration of the tonsils in pediatric patients with CM-I is an uncommon pathological process most likely resulting from long-standing and excessive compression. Based on their experience, the authors advocate expeditious surgical treatment, including intradural exploration and capacious duraplasty, for patients in whom there is evidence of this phenomenon on preoperative imaging.
Longitudinal assessment of regional directed delivery in a rodent malignant glioma model
Authors: Kondo Akihide , Goldman Stewart , Lulla Rishi R. , Mania-Farnell Barbara , Vanin Elio F. , Sredni Simone T. , Rajaram Veena , Soares Marcelo B. , Tomita Tadanori 
Published: December 2009

Object
Direct delivery of chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of brain tumors is an area of focus in the development of therapeutic paradigms because this method of delivery circumvents the blood-brain barrier without causing adverse systemic side effects. Few studies have investigated longitudinal tumor response to this type of therapy. In this study, the authors examined the time course of tumor response to direct delivery of a chemotherapeutic agent in a rodent malignant glioma model.

Methods
To visualize tumor response to chemotherapy, the authors used bioluminescence imaging in a rodent model. Rat 9L gliosarcoma cells expressing a luciferase gene were inoculated into adult male rat striata. Ten days following surgery the animals were randomly divided into 4 groups. Groups 1 and 2 received 20 and 40 μl carboplatin (1 mg/ml), respectively, via convection-enhanced delivery (CED); Group 3 received 60 mg/kg carboplatin intraperitoneally; and Group 4 received no treatment. Tumor growth was correlated with luminescence levels twice weekly.

Results
Differential growth curves were observed for the 4 groups. Systemically treated rats showed decreasing photon flux emission at 15.0 ± 4.7 days; rats treated with 20- or 40-μl CED showed decreased emissions at 4.0 ± 2.0 and 3.2 ± 1.3 days after treatment, respectively. Histopathologically, 6 of 12 CED-treated animals exhibited no residual tumor at the end point of the study.

Conclusions
Direct and systemic delivery of carboplatin was examined to determine how the method of drug delivery affects tumor growth. The present report is one of the first in vivo studies to examine the time course of tumor response to direct drug delivery. The results indicate that direct drug delivery may be a promising option for treating gliomas.
Impact of Age, Sex, Physical Function, Health-related Quality of Life, and Treatment with Adalimumab on Work Status and Work Productivity of Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors: MAKSYMOWYCH WALTER P. , GOOCH KATHERINE L. , WONG ROBERT L. , KUPPER HARTMUT , VAN DER HEIJDE DÉSIRÉE 
Published: December 2009

Objective. To determine factors associated with work in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS).Methods. Three hundred fifteen patients with AS were enrolled in a 24-week, randomized controlled study of adalimumab with a longterm, open-label, adalimumab extension phase. Patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures included the Medical Outcome Study Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36), AS Quality of Life Questionnaire (ASQOL), Health Utilities Index Mark 3 (HUI-3), and Work Productivity and Activity Impairment-Specific Health Problem Questionnaire (WPAI-SHP). Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze differences between working and nonworking patients. The relationships between PRO and WPAI-SHP scores were assessed using Pearson correlation coefficients. Multivariate modeling was applied to determine factors associated with productivity while at work. WPAI-SHP was assessed through 3 years of adalimumab exposure.Results. Younger age (p = 0.002) and male sex (p < 0.001) were significantly and independently associated with working patients with AS. The SF-36 Physical Component Summary score (p < 0.001), ASQOL score (p < 0.001), HUI-3 scores (p < 0.001), and both patient’s global assessment of disease activity (p < 0.001) and nocturnal pain (p < 0.001) scores were independently associated with working status. Work absenteeism due to AS was weakly correlated with all PRO scores. WPAI-SHP components of work presenteeism (lack of productivity at work), activity impairment, and overall work productivity loss due to AS were moderately correlated with quality of life as measured by the ASQOL, the SF-36 Physical Component Summary score, and the SF-36 Bodily Pain domain. Linear multivariate analyses indicated that work presenteeism was significantly associated with pain, functioning, and disease activity. Longterm adalimumab treatment was associated with sustained improvements in WPAI-SHP scores.Conclusions. Quality of life and the physical consequences associated with AS have a direct relationship with a patient’s ability to work. Adalimumab sustains improvements in work outcomes in patients with AS.
Echocardiography as an Outcome Measure in Scleroderma-related Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: A Systematic Literature Analysis by the EPOSS Group
Authors: KOWAL-BIELECKA OTYLIA , AVOUAC JEROME , PITTROW DAVID , HUSCHER DOERTE , BEHRENS FRANK , DENTON CHRISTOPHER P. , FOELDVARI IVAN , HUMBERT MARC , MATUCCI-CERINIC MARCO , NASH PETER , OPITZ CHRISTIAN F. , RUBIN LEWIS J. , SEIBOLD JAMES R. , STRAND VIBEKE , FURST DANIEL E. , DISTLER OLIVER 
Published: December 2009

Objective.To assess the validation status of echocardiography with continuous Doppler (echo-Doppler) as an outcome measure in pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with systemic sclerosis (PAH-SSc).Methods.Structured literature review on full-text English articles was performed using the PubMed and Cochrane databases. Assessment of validation of echo-Doppler was based on the OMERACT filter criteria with the domains truth (face, content, construct, and criterion validity), discrimination, and feasibility.Results.Out of 35 studies eligible for analysis, only 5 included well defined PAH-SSc subgroups (World Health Organization criteria). Echo was considered as having face validity based on expert opinion and high number of studies using echo for evaluation of patients with SSc. Echo was considered partially validated with respect to criterion validity based on significant correlations between echo measures and right-heart catheterization in patients with SSc at risk of PAH/PH. However, echo was found to lack specificity (lack of content validity), since measurements of echo pulmonary pressure may be influenced by left-heart disease and interstitial lung disease. Data from general populations of patients with scleroderma indicate that evaluation of pulmonary artery pressure by echo might not be available in all PAH-SSc patients because of technical factors. No studies enabling evaluation of the discriminant capacity over time and treatment of echo in PAH-SSc could be identified.Conclusion.Further studies are needed to fully validate echo-Doppler as an outcome measure in PAH-SSc. These studies would include cross-sectional analysis of baseline measures and longitudinal data of placebo and verum groups in randomized controlled trials of patients with PAH-SSc.
Signs of Accelerated Preclinical Atherosclerosis in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors: PETERS MIKE J.L. , van EIJK IZHAR C. , SMULDERS YVO M. , SERNE ERIK , DIJKMANS BEN A.C. , van der HORST-BRUINSMA IRENE E. , NURMOHAMED MICHAEL T. 
Published: December 2009

Objective.Preliminary evidence suggests that ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is associated with an increased cardiovascular (CV) risk. We investigated subclinical atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness in patients with AS compared with controls, and identified CV and AS related risk factors for atherosclerotic disease.Methods.A total of 59 patients with AS who were scheduled for etanercept treatment according to the ASsessments in Ankylosing Spondylitis guidelines and 30 healthy controls were recruited. Subclinical atherosclerosis was assessed as the average intima-media thickness (IMT) of the common carotid artery. Arterial stiffness was determined by distensibility, compliance, and Young’s elastic modulus of the carotid artery.Results.AS patients had a greater IMT (0.62 ± 0.09 mm vs 0.57 ± 0.09 mm in controls; p = 0.02), a difference that remained after adjustment for traditional CV risk factors. AS was associated with higher carotid pulse pressure (47 ± 7 mm Hg vs 44 ± 8 mm Hg in controls; p = 0.04), but this was not due to local vessel wall properties. Among AS patients, age and body mass index (BMI) were determinants of IMT. Age, BMI, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and disease duration were identified as determinants of stiffness indices. No relationship was found between large-vessel properties and higher Bath AS disease indices or C-reactive protein values.Conclusion.AS was associated with subclinical atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness, supporting epidemiological evidence of an increased CV risk in these patients. Whether these differences are due to AS or to a higher prevalence of CV risk factors in patients with AS remains to be determined.
AN UNUSUAL NEW SPECIES OF TARSONEMUS (ACARINA: TARSONEMIDAE) ASSOCIATED WITH THE INDIAN HONEY BEE
Authors: Lindquist Evert E. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe female of Tarsonemus indoapis n. sp. is described, illustrated, and its unusual morphological features are discussed. This mite is apparently restricted to the head region, where its microhabitat is possibly the posterior tentorial pits, of the adult host, Apis indica Fabricius. It is compared briefly with other tarsonemid symbionts of bees, that is, species of Acarapis and Tarsonemus apis Rennie.
NOTES ON BRUCHIDAE OF AMERICA NORTH OF MEXICO WITH A LIST OF WORLD GENERA
Authors: Bottimer L. J. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThis paper contains notes affecting the classification of the Bruchidae of United States and Canada, a list of all species found north of Mexico, and a list of World genera and their type-species. The MexicanMerobruchus vacillator(Sharp) is added to the fauna of this area. Transferred from our list to that of Latin America are:Acanthoscelides californicus(Boheman),Megacerus eugenienew name forBruchus ramicornisBoheman nee Erichson, andMimosestes innotatus(Pic.). The following are synonymized:Spermophagus(Zabrotes)semicinctusHorn (1894) withZabrotes subfasciatus(Boheman 1833);Bruchus subserripesFall (1910) withAcanthoscelides compressicornis(Schaeffer 1907);Lithraeus electusBridwell (1952) withLithraeus elegans(Blanchard 1851);Bruchus alboguttatusMotschoulsky (1874) withMeibomeus musculus(Say 1831);Bruchus bivulneratusHorn (1873) withBruchus abbreviatus, inadvertently validated by Say =Sennius abbreviatus(Say 1824);Bruchus nigrinusHorn (1873),B.nictitansMotschoulsky (1874), andB.depressusFall (1912) withSennius cruentatus(Horn 1873);Bruchus pythonicusPic (1913) withStator pygidialis(Schaeffer 1907); andBruchus biguttatusFabricius (1801) =Bruchus biguttellusSchoenherr (1833) withCallosobruchus chinensis(Linnaeus 1758). Original spellings of the specific names of two species are revived:Megacerus pygidalis(Motschoulsky) neepygidialisPic, andMegacerus discoidus(Say) necdiscoideus: authors.Bruchus lividusJ. E. LeConte 1824 is placed in our list as an unrecognized species. Thirty-five new combinations are proposed.
A REVISION OF THE TRIBE PRISTOLINI (HYMENOPTERA: TENTHREDINIDAE)
Authors: Wong Horne R. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA new genus, Melastola, with type-species Gymnonychus resinicolor Marlatt, and two new species, Pristola clarki and Melastola ferruginosa, are described. Keys to the genera and known species of the tribe Pristolini are presented. New distribution records for Pristola macnabi Ross are reported in North America.
FEEDING THROUGH ROOT SURFACES OF RUTABAGA BY HYLEMYA BRASSICAE (DIPTERA: ANTHOMYIIDAE)
Authors: Swailes G. E. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractResistance to the initiation of feeding by newly hatched larvae of Hylemya brassicae (Bouché) confined on surfaces of rutabaga roots was examined. Differences between varieties could be distinguished by using 10 larvae on a root segment. There were no differences between roots within a variety or between portions of one root. The evidence of resistance in Wilhelmsburger was confirmed. This technique of rearing on a small surface area of the root may be valuable in evaluating lines in the laboratory without destroying their propagation value.
STUDIES OF PHYSIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE ARTHROPOD SECRETIONS: I EVIDENCE FOR A SEX PHEROMONE IN FEMALEVITULA EDMANDSAE(LEPIDOPTERA: PHYCITIDAE)
Authors: Weatherston J. , Percy J. E. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractEvidence is presented for the presence of a sex attractant in femaleVitula edmandsae(Packard). The ability of the virgin female to attract the male varies with age, reaching a maximum 2 days after emergence.The pheromone-producing gland is a ring-shaped structure formed by modification of the epidermal cells in the intersegmental membrane between the eighth and ninth abdominal segments.