bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of diflubenzuron and mancozeb on soil microarthropods: a long-term study
Authors: Adamski Zbigniew , Błoszyk Jerzy , Piosik Katarzyna , Tomczak Kamila 
Published: July 2010

Effects of diflubenzuron and mancozeb on soil microarthropods: a long-term study
Soil microarthropods exposed to the pesticides mancozeb (240 mg per 1 m2) or diflubenzuron (7.2 mg of diflubenzuron per 1 m2) were studied for 6 months after a single application. The observed taxa included Collembola, Insecta, Myriapoda, and 4 groups of mites: Actinedida (=Prostigmata), Gamasina, Uropodina, and Oribatida. Their abundance in soil was subject to seasonal fluctuations, but for a majority of taxa no significant differences were noticed between the control and exposed plots. The total number of microarthropods was insignificantly lower in exposed groups. Myriapods were the only taxon that was close to extinction after a single exposure to diflubenzuron. These data prove that soil has some buffering capacity, and this fact should always be taken into consideration when estimating the risk for the environment. However, the situation may change if the application of pesticides is repeated.
Soil mites (Acari, Mesostigmata) from Szczeliniec Wielki in the Stołowe Mountains National Park (SW Poland)
Authors: Kamczyc Jacek , Gwiazdowicz Dariusz 
Published: July 2010

Soil mites (Acari, Mesostigmata) from Szczeliniec Wielki in the Stołowe Mountains National Park (SW Poland)
The species composition of mesostigmatid mites in the soil and leaf litter was studied on the Szczeliniec Wielki plateau, which is spatially isolated from similar rocky habitats. A total of 1080 soil samples were taken from June 2004 to September 2005. The samples, including the organic horizon from the herb layer and litter from rock cracks, were collected using steel cylinders (area 40 cm2, depth 0-10 cm). They were generally dominated by Gamasellus montanus, Veigaia nemorensis, and Leptogamasus cristulifer. Rhodacaridae, Parasitidae and Veigaiidae were the most numerously represented families as regards to individuals. Among the 55 recorded mesostigmatid species, 13 species were new to the fauna of the Stołowe National Park. Thus the soil mesostigmatid fauna of the Szczeliniec Wielki plateau is generally poor and at an early stage of succession.
Clitellocephalus ophoni (Tuzet et Ormières, 1956) (Apicomplexa: Eugregarinida: Gregarinidae) recorded in Poland on strawberry seed beetle Harpalus (Ophonus) rufipes (De Geer, 1774) (Coleoptera: Carabidae)
Authors: Sienkiewicz Paweł , Lipa Jerzy 
Published: July 2010

Clitellocephalus ophoni (Tuzet et Ormières, 1956) (Apicomplexa: Eugregarinida: Gregarinidae) recorded in Poland on strawberry seed beetle Harpalus (Ophonus) rufipes (De Geer, 1774) (Coleoptera: Carabidae)
The eugregarine Clitellocephalus ophoni (Tuzet et Ormières, 1956), originally recorded and described on the strawberry seed beetle Harpalus (Ophonus) rufipes (De Geer, 1774) collected in France, is now reported from the same host insect in Poland. It is a new protozoan species in Polish fauna. Out of 280 adult beetles collected in Poland, 21 were parasitized by gregarines, but only 3 by C. ophoni. A morphometric and morphological analysis of C. ophoni trophozoites and gamonts found in the digestive tract of host specimens in France and Poland indicated a significant similarity. The prevalence of C. ophoni is low (about 1%), but the community of gregarines with prevalence of 8% could be an important factor of environmental resistance.
Calculation of the viscosity of the liquid ternary Ag–Au–Sn system
Authors: Knott S. , Terzieff P. 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
The viscosity of the ternary Ag–Au–Sn system has been calculated using two different semi-empirical models which apply universal parameters valid for all metals. Experimental values of the integral enthalpy of mixing were used as inputs. The theoretical results are represented as iso-lines of the excess viscosity. Additional calculations based on a geometrical model fitted to the experimental viscosities of the binary systems were applied in order to discuss the physical significance of the results predicted for the ternary system.
Effect of annealing on formability and crystallographic textures of aluminium 5052 alloy sheets
Authors: Ravindran R. , Manonmani K. , Narayanasamy R. 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
In this work, forming and fracture limit diagrams have been experimentally evaluated for aluminium 5052 alloy sheet annealed at four different temperatures namely 200°C, 250°C, 300°C and 350°C. With the help of these diagrams, the safe range which avoids necking and fracture during forming of aluminium 5052 alloy sheets was examined and the effect of annealing temperature on this range and other parameters namely microstructure, tensile properties and formability parameters were studied. The forming limit diagrams of aluminium 5052 alloy sheets annealed under different temperatures were also examined with respect to the crystallographic texture point of view. The crystallographic textures were then correlated with normal anisotropy of the sheet metal. It was found that the formability of aluminium 5052 alloy annealed at 350°C possessed good formability, optimal texture and high normal anisotropy value.
The use of fly ash and basaltic pumice as additives in the productionof clay fired brick in Turkey
Authors: Binici Hanifi , Aksogan Orhan , Temiz Huseyin , Kaplan Hasan , Ulusoy Ahmet 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
The main objective of this study is to investigate the suitability of fly ash and basaltic pumice as additives in the production of high quality clay fired bricks. Clay bricks with/without additives were produced adding equal amounts of fly ash and basaltic pumice, separately and together, with the rates of 5, 10 and 20 wt.%. Each sample was fired at 700, 900 and 1 050°C for 8 h. Bulk density, harmful magnesia and lime, shrinkage, water absorption, compressive and flexural strength, freezing and thawing tests were carried out. The test results were compared with the standard values and they were found to be satisfactory. Finally, it was concluded that both fly ash and basaltic pumice were suitable admixtures and could be used efficiently in fired brick production.
Study of wear behaviour of ductile iron subjected to two step austempering
Authors: Kumari Ritha , Rao P. Prasad 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
An investigation was carried out to examine the influence of two step austempering on microstructural parameters and the wear behaviour of austempered ductile iron. Ductile iron was austenitised at 900°C for 30 min, and then austempered successively at two different temperatures. It was first austempered at 300°C for different durations from 2 min to 30 min and subsequently austempered at 400°C for 2 h, after which it was quenched to room temperature. Resulting microstructures were characterised through optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Mechanical properties were studied through hardness measurement and tensile testing. Wear studies were carried out using a pin-on-disc machine. Wear rate was found to decrease with increasing time at the first step temperature of 300°C. At short austempering times at 300°C, the amount of austenite was instrumental in improving the wear resistance through formation of deformation induced martensite. Wear rate was found to depend on yield strength, austenite content and its carbon content.
Alloys with thermal expansion matching to electrolyte materials for solid oxide fuel cells
Authors: Rodionov Yu. L. , Mogutnov B. M. , Shaposhnikov N. G. , Korms I. A. , Pozdnyakov V. A. , Mishanin S. V. , Malinov V. I. 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
The thermal expansion of the Fe-(30–40) wt.% Ni-(20–30) wt.% Co-(6–10) wt.% Cr alloys matches closely with yttria-stabilized zirconia, often used as electrolyte in solid oxide fuel cells. At the best fit, the difference in the thermal expansion coefficients does not exceed 0.7·10–6 K–1 in the range from room temperature to ~500°C. Significant mismatch begins above 600°C, but the internal stresses this mismatch might cause in the metallic component of the metal/ceramics junctions remain significantly below the yield strength up to the temperatures exceeding the starting temperature of relaxation processes by ~180–240°C. The above alloys are phase stable so that no phase transformations are expected at the cell operating temperatures. Their resistance to corrosion attacks in cathodic and anodic environments is comparable to ferritic steels containing 25–30% chromium. The transfer of chromium from the alloys containing 34% Ni, 30% Co and 6–14% Cr into the La0.6Sr0.4MnO4 cathode material occurs after 400–600 h heating at 900°C. Chromium penetrated to a depth of 20 μm at most.
Electromagnetic radiation during plastic deformation under unrestricted quasi-static compression in metals and alloys
Authors: Chauhan Vishal S. , Misra Ashok 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Intermittent electromagnetic radiation (EMR) emissions from metals and alloys during deformation under unrestricted quasi-static compression are reported in this paper. The end surface conditions of the compressing platens, whether lubricated or unlubricated, influence the EMR emission characteristics. The EMR emissions under compression show shape anisotropy. The first EMR emission invariably occurs near the yield. The EMR emission characteristics are also influenced by the crystal structure. During axial compression, dead metal zones formed on the top and bottom portions of the specimens possibly generate a climbing motion of edge dislocations in the radially outward mid-regions. During the climbing motion, these edge dislocations form accelerated electric line dipoles and emit electromagnetic radiation. These EMR emissions can be used to evaluate the degree of damage in metallic components under compression.
Thermophysical properties of liquid tin–bismuth alloys
Authors: Plevachuk Yuriy , Sklyarchuk Vasyl , Gerbeth Gunter , Eckert Sven 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Tin–bismuth alloys are under intense consideration as favourable lead-free solders for consumer electronics and telecommunications. The electrical and thermal conductivity, viscosity, surface tension and density were studied in a wide temperature range above the liquidus. The scaling relations have been proposed. A comparison with data available in literature is given.
Invariant NKT Cells Are Required for Antitumor Responses Induced by Host-Versus-Graft Responses
Authors: Saito Toshiki I. , Li Hao Wei , Sykes Megan 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Based on clinical observations, we have previously shown in a murine model that recipient leukocyte infusion (RLI) induces a host-versus-graft reaction in mixed bone marrow chimeras and that rejection of donor cells leads to a specific antitumor response against recipient malignancies. This response is dependent on T cells and IFN-γ. We investigated the role of NKT cells (NKTs) in this phenomenon. Depletion of recipient NK1.1+ cells led to loss of an anti-tumor effect induced by RLI in mixed bone marrow chimeras. In recipients specifically lacking host invariant NKT cells (iNKTs), RLI did not induce an antitumor effect, indicating a critical role for recipient iNKTs. Conversely, specific activation of iNKTs enhanced the anti-tumor effect induced by RLI. Following RLI, recipient iNKTs, NK cells, dendritic cells (DCs), and CD8 T cells were activated. CD8 T cells were the major producers of IFN-γ. Lack of recipient iNKTs resulted in failure of activation of NK cells and DCs by RLI. Our studies demonstrate a central role for iNKTs in promoting RLI-induced anti-tumor effects and suggest that this pathway involved promotion of the activation of recipient NK cells and DCs.
SevereListeria monocytogenesInfection Induces Development of Monocytes with Distinct Phenotypic and Functional Features
Authors: Drevets Douglas A. , Schawang Jennifer E. , Mandava Vinay K. , Dillon Marilyn J. , Leenen Pieter J. M. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractMonocytes perform diverse roles during infection with the facultative intracellular bacterium Listeria monocytogenes. They are essential as bactericidal cells in host defense but can also become Trojan horses transporting bacteria into the brain. To explain these contrasting roles, we characterized bone marrow (BM) monocytes in steady state and generated during lethal and sublethal L. monocytogenes infection. Ly-6ChighCD11b+ BM monocytes expressed high amounts of M-CSFR/CD115 in steady state and 72 h following sublethal infection. However, infection with increasing numbers of bacteria resulted in progressive loss of CD115 and strongly decreased CD115-encoding c-fms mRNA expression. Conversely, analysis of regulatory molecules showed de novo expression of the nonsignaling IL-1RII, CD121b, under the same conditions. Ly-6ChighCD11b+ monocytes in circulation also acquired a CD115neg/lowCD121bhigh phenotype during lethal infection. These BM monocytes showed upregulation of suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 and 3 and IL-1R–"associated kinase-M to a greater extent and/or earlier compared with cells from sublethal infection and showed decreased LPS-induced IL-6 production despite similar levels of surface TLR4 expression. BM monocytes from uninfected or sublethally infected mice bound and internalized very few L. monocytogenes in vitro. However, both functions were significantly increased in monocytes developing during lethal infection. Nonetheless, these cells did not produce reactive oxygen intermediates, suggesting an inability to kill L. monocytogenes. Together, these data show that systemic infections with lethal and sublethal amounts of bacteria differentially shape developing BM monocytes. This results in distinct phenotypic and functional properties consistent with being Trojan horses rather than bactericidal effector cells.
A 5′ Extended IFN-Stimulating Response Element Is Crucial for IFN-γ–Induced Tripartite Motif 22 Expression via Interaction with IFN Regulatory Factor-1
Authors: Gao Bo , Wang Yaxin , Xu Wei , Duan Zhijian , Xiong Sidong 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Interferon-γ is crucial for the noncytopathic clearance of hepatitis B virus. In our previous study, we demonstrated that an IFN-γ–inducible molecule, tripartite motif (TRIM) 22, played an important role in antiviral immunity against hepatitis B virus. However, the molecular mechanism of TRIM22 induction by IFN-γ is still unclear. In this study, we identified a novel cis-element termed 5′ extended IFN-stimulating response element (5′ eISRE) that was crucial for IFN-γ inducibility of TRIM22 through transfection assays with luciferase reporter constructs and EMSAs. The 5′ eISRE consists of an ISRE-like motif (ACTTTCGTTTCTC) and a 6-bp sequence (AATTTA) upstream of it, and all three thymine triplets of this cis-element (AATTTAACTTTCGTTTCTC) were revealed to contribute to the IFN-γ inducibility of TRIM22 by site-directed mutagenesis. Further studies showed that upon IFN-γ stimulation, the 5′ eISRE could be bound by IFN regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1), but not by STAT1, as demonstrated by supershift analysis and an ELISA-based transcription factor assay. Moreover, overexpression of IRF-1 significantly induced TRIM22 expression, whereas silencing of IRF-1 with specific short interference RNA abolished IFN-γ–induced TRIM22 expression in HepG2 cells, indicating an IRF-1–dependent expression of TRIM22. Taken together, it was demonstrated in this study that a novel cis-element, 5′ eISRE, was crucial for the IFN-γ–induced transcriptional activity of the TRIM22 gene via interaction with IRF-1.
Cutting Edge: Rapamycin Augments Pathogen-Specific but Not Graft-Reactive CD8+ T Cell Responses
Authors: Ferrer Ivana R. , Wagener Maylene E. , Robertson Jennifer M. , Turner Alexa P. , Araki Koichi , Ahmed Rafi , Kirk Allan D. , Larsen Christian P. , Ford Mandy L. 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Recent evidence demonstrating that exposure to rapamycin during viral infection increased the quantity and quality of Ag-specific T cells poses an intriguing paradox, because rapamycin is used in transplantation to dampen, rather than enhance, donor-reactive T cell responses. In this report, we compared the effects of rapamycin on the Ag-specific T cell response to a bacterial infection versus a transplant. Using a transgenic system in which the Ag and the responding T cell population were identical in both cases, we observed that treatment with rapamycin augmented the Ag-specific T cell response to a pathogen, whereas it failed to do so when the Ag was presented in the context of a transplant. These results suggest that the environment in which an Ag is presented alters the influence of rapamycin on Ag-specific T cell expansion and highlights a fundamental difference between Ag presented by an infectious agent as compared with an allograft.
Photovoice in the workplace: A participatory method to give voice to workers to identify health and safety hazards and promote workplace change—a study of university custodians
Authors: Flum Marian R. , Siqueira Carlos Eduardo , DeCaro Anthony , Redway Scott 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBackgroundPhotovoice, a photographic participatory action research methodology was used in a workplace setting to assess hazards that were creating extremely high injury and incidents rates for university custodians and to promote the conditions to eliminate or reduce those hazards.MethodsUniversity custodians participated in a Photovoice project to identify, categorize, and prioritize occupational hazards and to discuss and propose solutions to these problems. Results were presented to management and to all custodians for further discussion. The effort was led by a worker‐based union‐sponsored participatory evaluation team in partnership with a university researcher.ResultsVisual depiction of hazardous tasks and exposures among custodians and management focused primarily on improper or unsafe equipment, awkward postures, lifting hazards, and electrical hazards. The process of taking pictures and presenting them created an ongoing discussion among workers and management regarding the need for change and for process improvements, and resulted in greater interest and activity regarding occupational health among the workers. In a follow‐up evaluation 1‐year later, a number of hazards identified through Photovoice had been corrected. Injury rates for custodians had decreased from 39% to 26%.ConclusionsPhotovoice can be an important tool, not just for identifying occupational hazards, but also empowering workers to be more active around health and safety and may facilitate important changes in the workplace. Am. J. Ind. Med. 53:1150–1158, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Daily self‐reports resulted in information bias when assessing exposure duration to computer use
Authors: Chang Che‐hsu (Joe) , Menéndez Cammie Chaumont , Robertson Michelle M. , Amick Benjamin C. , Johnson Peter W. , del Pino Rosa J. , Dennerlein Jack T. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBackgroundSelf‐reported exposure duration to computer use is widely used in exposure assessment, and this study examined the associated information bias in a repeated measures setting.MethodsFor 3 weeks, 30 undergraduate students reported daily cumulative computer‐use duration and musculoskeletal symptoms at four random times per day. Usage‐monitor software installed onto participant's personal computers provided the reference measure. We compared daily self‐reported and software‐recorded duration, and modeled the effect of musculoskeletal symptoms on observed differences.ResultsThe relationships between daily self‐reported and software‐recorded computer‐use duration varied greatly across subject with Spearman's correlations ranging from −0.22 to 0.8. Self‐reports generally overestimated computer use when software‐recorded durations were less than 3.6 hr, and underestimated when above 3.6 hr. Experiencing symptoms was related to a 0.15‐hr increase in self‐reported duration after controlling for software‐recorded duration.ConclusionsDaily self‐reported computer‐use duration had a weak‐to‐moderate correlation with software‐recorded duration, and their relationship changed slightly with musculoskeletal symptoms. Self‐reports resulted in both non‐differential and differential information bias. Am. J. Ind. Med. 53:1142–1149, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The feasibility of adapting a population‐based asthma‐specific job exposure matrix (JEM) to NHANES
Authors: McHugh Michelle K. , Symanski Elaine , Pompeii Lisa A. , Delclos George L. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBackgroundTo determine the feasibility of applying a job exposure matrix (JEM) for classifying exposures to 18 asthmagens in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 1999–2004.MethodsWe cross‐referenced 490 National Center for Health Statistics job codes used to develop the 40 NHANES occupation groups with 506 JEM job titles and assessed homogeneity in asthmagen exposure across job codes within each occupation group.ResultsIn total, 399 job codes corresponded to one JEM job title, 32 to more than one job title, and 59 were not in the JEM. Three occupation groups had the same asthmagen exposure across job codes, 11 had no asthmagen exposure, and 26 groups had heterogeneous exposures across jobs codes.ConclusionThe NHANES classification of occupations limits the use of the JEM to evaluate the association between workplace exposures and asthma and more refined occupational data are needed to enhance work‐related injury/illness surveillance efforts. Am. J. Ind. Med. 53:1220–1224, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Selective epoxidation of natural triglycerides using acidic ion exchange resin as catalyst
Authors: Dinda S. , Goud V.V. , Patwardhan A. V. , Pradhan N. C. 
Published: July 2010

ABSTRACTEpoxidation is a very useful reaction in organic synthesis. Due to the high reactivity of the epoxide group it can be used as an active intermediate for the synthesis of many high‐value products. Epoxides are commercial products and they have many industrial uses. Understanding the kinetics of epoxidation reactions can lead to production of value‐added products from locally available renewable natural resources. This research investigated the kinetics of epoxidation of cottonseed oil by peroxyacetic acid (PAA) generated in situ from hydrogen peroxide and glacial acetic acid (AA) in the presence of acidic ion exchange resin (AIER) catalysts, namely Amberlite IR‐120. The effect of several variables including temperature, stirring speed, catalyst loading, and particle size, concentration of hydrogen peroxide and AA on oxirane conversion was studied. A satisfactory level of oxirane conversion (greater than 65%) with high selectivity (greater than 90%) could be obtained if the epoxidation was carried out at optimum conditions, using in situ generated PAA. The Langmuir–Hinshelwood–Hougen–Watson (L–H–H–W) kinetic model approach has been adopted for the development of overall reaction rate equations, and the proposed kinetic model includes the major side reactions for the estimation of kinetic parameters. Kinetic parameters were estimated by fitting experimental data using a nonlinear regression method. From the estimated kinetic constants, the activation energy for the AIER catalysed epoxidation of cottonseed oil was found to be 10.1 kcal mol−1. Copyright © 2010 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.