bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The observed evolution of sub‐daily to multi‐day heavy precipitation in Switzerland
Authors: Bauer Victoria M. , Scherrer Simon C. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHeavy precipitation is a major natural hazard in the Alps. Understanding the possible changes due to climate change is a prerequisite for effective climate adaptation and protection. In this study, we revisit the long‐term (1901–2023) evolution of daily and multi‐day heavy precipitation intensity and frequency, discuss trends for sub‐daily to multi‐day events in the recent period 1981–2023 and investigate elevation dependencies in the complex topography of Switzerland. We analyze station measurements from MeteoSwiss' dense operational network covering the whole country and a wide range of elevation levels. We find that daily maximum precipitation and the frequency of precipitation events exceeding the 99th all‐day percentile have increased since 1901 with a peak in the 1980s and decreases thereafter. For the recent period 1981–2023, positive trends in summer heavy precipitation intensity are detected for short (10‐min to 3‐h) events, but no changes are found for the frequency of these moderate extreme events. For longer (1‐ to 5‐day) events on the other hand, decreases in intensity and frequency are found, especially for the winter half‐year. We hypothesize that the opposing trends on the centennial (1901–2023) vs. decadal (1981–2023) time scales are caused by the interaction between thermodynamics, reflecting the primary influence of human‐induced climate change, and the internal variability of atmospheric dynamics. Moreover, we observe a small negative elevation dependency of the daily long‐term trends up to 2300 m above sea level. For the 1981–2023 trends, no strong elevation dependencies are found for sub‐daily events. For daily events, we find small opposing negative summer and positive winter elevation dependencies for both intensities and frequencies. The reason for these tendencies remains unclear. Our results underscore the need to further investigate the interplay between climate change, internal variability of large‐scale dynamics and elevation to better understand heavy precipitation variability in the complex Alpine terrain.
Cryolithionite‐Based Pseudocapacitive Electrode for Sustainable Lithium‐ion Capacitors
Authors: Ladenstein Lukas , Pan Xuexue , Nguyen Hung Q. , Knez Daniel , Philipp Martin , Kothleitner Gerald , Redhammer Günther J. , Abbas Qamar , Rettenwander Daniel 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLithium‐ion insertion/deinsertion in anode at slow rates limits the power performance of energy storage devices. Here, a new pseudocapacitive electrode with high reversible capacity during cycling has been proposed for a lithium‐ion capacitor. The lithium‐fluoride garnet, namely Na3Fe2Li3F12, is obtained via precipitation from an aqueous solution at room temperature using abundant materials and exhibits a high discharge capacity of 746 mAh g−1. After the first charging cycle, the energy is stored via fast pseudocapacitive faradaic reactions which are facilitated by the nanocrystalline transport pathways with no structural modification to the electrode. The high stability window of F‐garnet allows extracting cell voltages of 2.2–3.2 V in a lithium‐ion capacitor where it is coupled with a porous carbon‐based positive electrode, with a high energy efficiency of 93 % maintained for 10000 charge/discharge cycles. This study opens a new research direction concerning pseudocapacitive anode materials for enhancing power performance and even replacing the traditional battery‐like anode materials.
Inquiry lipaseoring the mechanism of pancreatic lipase inhibition by isovitexin based on multispectral method and enzyme inhibition assay
Authors: Yu Hui , Xing Zhongfu , Jia Kaijie , Li Sai , Xu Yankun , Zhao Pan , Zhu Xiaojing 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIsovitexin is a main natural flavonoid component in various plants. Currently, the inhibitory effect of isovitexin on pancreatic lipase (PL) and its mechanism have not been elucidated yet. In the present study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of isovitexin on PL, as well as its interaction mechanism, using enzyme inhibition methods, spectroscopic analysis, and molecular simulations. Results showed that isovitexin possessed significant PL inhibitory activity, with IC50 values of 0.26 ± 0.02 mM. The interaction between isovitexin and PL was dominated by static quenching, and mainly through hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interaction forces. Analysis of fluorescence spectroscopy confirmed that isovitexin binding altered the conformation of the PL. Circular dichroism (CD) spectrum indicated that isovitexin altered the secondary structure of PL by decreasing the α‐helix content and increasing the β‐fold content. Molecular simulations further characterize the conformational changes produced by the interaction between isovitexin with PL. The performed study may provide a new insight into the inhibitory mechanism of isovitexin as a novel PL inhibitor.
Putting the ‘economy’ back in the circular economy
Authors: Valentine Scott Victor 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper offers a business‐focused critique centring on the superordinate goal of circular economy (CE) strategy and advances an ideograph that can help economic planners and corporate leaders conceptualize CE strategies that meet the bifurcate goals of strengthening economic resilience while also attenuating resource footprints. The paper, based on critical discourse analysis (CDA) and supported by an extensive literature review, highlights the pervasive manner in which the CE is mischaracterized as a materials circulation (MC) strategy and demonstrates how an oft‐referenced ideograph—the Ellen MacArthur Foundation (EMF) Butterfly—graphically entrenches this characterization. The first contribution that this study makes centres on providing clarity on how CE principles can be integrated with corporate strategy to elevate competitive advantage through resource economic optimization (REO). The second contribution is the development of a reconceptualized ideograph—The Integrated Circular Economy (ICE) model—that better conveys how this strategic perspective on CE and be conflicted with economic networks to deliver better economic and environmental performance.
Disparities in treatment patterns and mortality in prostate cancer: Interaction between Black race and end‐stage kidney disease
Authors: Sarabu Nagaraju , Dong Weichuan , Koroukian Siran M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundBlack men and men with end‐stage kidney disease have lower rates of treatment and higher mortality for prostate cancer. We studied the interaction of end‐stage kidney disease (ESKD) with Black race for treatment rates and mortality for men with prostate cancer.Methods and ResultsWe included 516 Black and 551 White men with ESKD before prostate cancer 22,299 Black men, and 141,821 White men without ESKD who were 40 years or older from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End‐Results‐Medicare data (2004–2016). All Black men with or without ESKD and White men with ESKD had higher prostate‐specific antigen levels at diagnosis than White men without ESKD. Black men with ESKD had the lowest rates for treatment in both local and advanced stages of prostate cancer (age‐adjusted risk ratio: 0.76, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.71–0.82 for local stage and age‐adjusted risk ratio: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.76–0.9 for advanced stages) compared to White men without ESKD. Compared to White men without ESKD, prostate cancer‐specific mortality was higher in White men with ESKD for both local and advanced stages (age‐adjusted hazard ratio: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.2–2.8 and HR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.2–2.2) and it was higher for ESKD Black men only in advanced stage prostate cancer (age‐adjusted hazard ratio: 2.4, 95% CI: 1.5–3.6).ConclusionOur findings suggest that having a comorbidity such as ESKD makes Black men more vulnerable to racial disparities in prostate cancer treatment and mortality.
Effect of nutrition impact symptoms on oral nutritional supplements energy intake and use days in patients with head and neck cancer: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Dai Tingting , Xian Jinli , Li Xuemei , Wang Zhiqiang , Hu Wen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study aims to explore the effect of nutritional impact symptoms (NIS) on oral nutritional supplements (ONS) energy intake and use days among head and neck cancer (HNC) patients.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted among HNC patients in a hospital in western China between January 2019 and June 2020. The NIS was from the Patient‐Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG‐SGA) scale. Mann–Whitney test was used to examine the differences between different kinds of NIS and ONS use days. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the effect of NIS on ONS energy intake.ResultsThe most prevalent four NIS were no appetite (35.3%), dysphagia (29.4%), vomiting (13.2%) and oral pain (12.5%), respectively. All patients in the study were malnutrition. Patients with xerostomia or oral pain had less ONS use days than those without these symptoms. Patients with vomiting (OR 0.09, 95% CI 0.02–0.50) or pain (OR 0.15, 95% CI 0.02–0.89) were less likely to have ONS energy intake ≥400 kcal/day than those without these symptoms after adjusting the confounding factors. In addition, one‐point increase in total NIS score was associated with a lower proportion of ONS energy intake ≥400 kcal/day (OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.59–0.99).ConclusionXerostomia, oral pain, vomiting and pain should be strengthened and intervened to improve ONS use and nutritional status among HNC patients with malnutrition.
“They don't care to study it”: Trust, race, and health care experiences among patient‐caregiver dyads with multiple myeloma
Authors: Grant Shakira J. , Mills Jiona A. , Telfair Joseph , Erisnor Gabriell , Wildes Tanya M. , Bates‐Fraser Lauren C. , Olshan Andrew F. , Kent Erin E. , Muss Hyman B. , Mihas Paul 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundMedical mistrust, rooted in unethical research, is a barrier to cancer‐related health care for Black/African American (AA) persons. Understanding trust, mistrust, and health care experiences is crucial, especially in multiple myeloma (MM), which disproportionately burdens Black/AA persons in incidence and survival.Study PurposeThis study qualitatively examines the experiences of Black/AA and White dyads (patient with MM and adult caregiver) to gain insights into these phenomena.MethodsFrom November 2021 to April 2022, we recruited 21 dyads from the UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center. Participants completed a sociodemographic survey and a 60–90 min semi‐structured interview. We used ATLAS.ti v9 for project management and to facilitate data analysis using the Sort and Sift, Think and Shift approach (ResearchTalk Inc).ResultsWe interviewed 21 racially concordant dyads (11 Black/AA, 10 White) with mean patient ages of 70 (Black/AA) and 72 (White) at enrollment. Both Black/AA and White caregivers had a mean enrollment age of 68. The mean duration from MM diagnosis to enrollment for all patients was 5.5 years. Four key themes emerged: (1) knowledge and trust, (2) heightened emotions and discomfort, (3) differing mental constructs of health care experiences, and (4) mitigating mistrust, which varied by self‐identified race. Black/AA participants had greater knowledge of historical events like the U.S. Public Health Service Untreated Syphilis Study at Tuskegee and carried the emotional burden longer. They also emphasized self‐learning and self‐guided research about MM for informed medical decision‐making. Both Black/AA and White dyads emphasized the pivotal role of patient‐provider relationships and effective communication in fostering trust and addressing concerns.ConclusionOur study offers contextual insights into the enduring challenges of medical mistrust, particularly within the Black/AA community, and its implications for patients and caregivers accessing and receiving MM‐related care. Future studies should leverage these insights to guide the development of multilevel interventions addressing medical mistrust within the Black/AA community.
Strategies for increasing accrual in cancer clinical trials: What is the evidence?
Authors: Michaels Margo , Weiss Elisa S. , Sae‐Hau Maria , Illei Dora , Lilly Bethany , Szumita Leah , Connell Brian , Lee Marialanna , Cooks Eric , McPheeters Melissa 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionDespite the importance of clinical trial participation among cancer patients, few participate—and even fewer patients from ethnic and racial minoritized groups. It is unclear whether suggested approaches to increase accrual are successful. We conducted a scoping review to identify evidence‐based approaches to increase participation in cancer treatment clinical trials that demonstrated clear increases in accrual. Notably, more stringent than other published reviews, only those studies with comparison data to measure a difference in accrual rates were included.MethodsWe searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and Web of Science for English‐language articles published from January 1, 2012, to August 8, 2022. Studies were included if they were conducted in the United States, described single or multicomponent interventions, and provided data to measure accrual relative to baseline levels or that compared accrual rates with other interventions.ResultsSixteen articles were included: six with interventions addressing patient barriers, two addressing provider barriers, seven describing institutional change, and one describing policy change. Key themes emerged, such as a focus on patient education, cultural competency, and building the capacity of clinics. Few studies provide comparative accrual data, making it difficult to identify with certainty any effective, evidence‐based approaches for increasing accrual. Some patient‐ and system‐level interventions studies showed modest increases in accrual primarily through pre‐post measurement.ConclusionDespite an extensive body of literature about the barriers that impede cancer treatment trial accrual, along with numerous recommendations for how to overcome these barriers, results reveal surprisingly little evidence published in the last 10 years on interventions that increase accrual relative to baseline levels or compared with other interventions. As clinical trials are a primary vehicle through which we improve cancer care, it is critical that evidence‐based approaches are used to inform all efforts to increase accrual. Strategies for increasing participation in cancer clinical trials must be developed and rigorously evaluated so that these strategies can be disseminated, participation in trials can increase and become more equitable, and trial results can become more generalizable.
Incorporating a deep‐learning client outcome prediction tool as feedback in supported internet‐delivered cognitive behavioural therapy for depression and anxiety: A randomised controlled trial within routine clinical practice
Authors: Hisler Garrett C. , Young Katherine S. , Cumpanasoiu Diana Catalina , Palacios Jorge E. , Duffy Daniel , Enrique Angel , Keegan Dessie , Richards Derek 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionMachine learning techniques have been leveraged to predict client psychological treatment outcomes. Few studies, however, have tested whether providing such model predictions as feedback to therapists improves client outcomes. This randomised controlled trial examined (1) the effects of implementing therapist feedback via a deep‐learning model (DLM) tool that predicts client treatment response (i.e., reliable improvement on the Patient Health Questionnaire‐9 [PHQ‐9] or Generalized Anxiety Disorder‐7 [GAD‐7]) to internet‐delivered cognitive behavioural therapy (iCBT) in routine clinical care and (2) therapist acceptability of this prediction tool.MethodsFifty‐one therapists were randomly assigned to access the DLM tool (vs. treatment as usual [TAU]) and oversaw the care of 2394 clients who completed repeated PHQ‐9 and GAD‐7 assessments.ResultsMultilevel growth curve models revealed no overall differences between the DLM tool vs. TAU conditions in client clinical outcomes. However, clients of therapists with the DLM tool used more tools, completed more activities and visited more platform pages. In subgroup analyses, clients predicted to be ‘not‐on‐track’ were statistically significantly more likely to have reliable improvement on the PHQ‐9 in the DLM vs. TAU group. Therapists with access to the DLM tool reported that it was acceptable for use, they had positive attitudes towards it, and reported it prompted greater examination and discussion of clients, particularly those predicted not to improve.ConclusionAltogether, the DLM tool was acceptable for therapists, and clients engaged more with the platform, with clinical benefits specific to reliable improvement on the PHQ‐9 for not‐on‐track clients. Future applications and considerations for implementing machine learning predictions as feedback tools within iCBT are discussed.
Synthesis, Characterization, Antimicrobial and In Silico Studies of Isatin Schiff Base Linked 1,2,3‐Triazole Hybrids
Authors: Kumar Vijay , Bhukal Akanksha , Raman Anirudh Pratap Singh , Singh Prashant , Lal Kashmiri 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA new series of isatin‐Schiff base linked 1,2,3‐triazole hybrids has been synthesized using CuAAC approach from (E)‐3‐(phenylimino)‐1‐(prop‐2‐yn‐1‐yl)indolin‐2‐one derivatives in high yield (73–91 %). These synthesized derivatives were characterized using FT‐IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 2D‐NMR and HRMS spectral techniques. The in vitro antimicrobial activity assay demonstrated that most of the tested hybrids exhibited promising activity. Compound 5 j displayed significant antibacterial efficacy against P. aeruginosa and B. subtilis with MIC value of 0.0062 μmol/mL. While, 5 j also showed better antifungal potency against A. niger with MIC value of 0.0123 μmol/mL. The docking studies of most promising compounds were performed with the well‐known antibacterial and antifungal targets i. e. 1KZ1, 5TZ1. Molecular modelling investigations demonstrated that hybrids 5 h and 5 l exhibited good interactions with 1KZN and 5TZ1, with binding energies of −9.6 and −11.0 kcal/mol, respectively. Further, molecular dynamics studies of the compounds showing promising binding interactions were also carried out to study the stability of complexes of these hybrids with both the targets.
Antiproliferative Potential of Essential Oil from the Leaves of Croton floribundus (Euphorbiaceae) Against Human Metastatic Melanoma Cell Lines
Authors: Garcia Daniela A. , Costa Lara P. D. M. , Rosa Welton , Ladvocat Ana C. C. P. , Dias Danielle F. , Soares Marisi G. , Ionta Marisa , Chagas‐Paula Daniela A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMelanoma is a cancer type with high lethality, metastatic capacity, and limited therapeutic options. Different essential oils have been reported with antitumoral potential. Thus, the essential oil (EO) of the leaves of C. floribundus was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC‐MS. The majority of substances annotated were β‐selinene, E‐Caryophyllene, and Premnaspirodiene. The cytotoxic activity of EO was evaluated on three melanoma cell lines SKMEL‐147, WM‐1366, and CHL‐1, which are representative of metastatic melanoma with different mutation profiles. The IC50 values found for EO were lower than temozolomide (reference drug) in all melanoma cell lines. In addition, the selectivity of EO was upward when compared to the reference drug. Interestingly, the WM‐1366 cell line was the most responsive, and these findings are very promising considering that it has shown high resistance to the plethora of compounds. Thus, the C. floribundus EO is a promising source to drive further studies for the development of new treatments for metastatic melanoma, which is urgently relevant given the resistance of this pathology to current treatments.
Synthesis and Antifungal Activity of Chalcone Derivatives Containing 1,3,4‐Thiadiazole
Authors: Zhang Tao , Liu Yi , Xin Hui , Tian Jiao , Deng Tianyu , Meng Kaini , An Youshan , Xue Wei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract24 chalcone derivatives containing 1,3,4‐thiadiazole were synthesized. The results of bioactivity tests indicated that some of the target compounds exhibited superior antifungal activities in vitro. Notably, the EC50 value of D4 was 14.4 μg/mL against Phomopsis sp, which was significantly better than that of azoxystrobin (32.2 μg/mL) and fluopyram (54.2 μg/mL). The in vivo protective activity of D4 against Phomopsis sp on kiwifruit (71.2 %) was significantly superior to azoxystrobin (62.8 %) at 200 μg/mL. The in vivo protective activities of D4 were 74.4 and 57.6 % against Rhizoctonia solani on rice leaf sheaths and rice leaves, respectively, which were slightly better than those of azoxystrobin (72.1 and 49.2 %) at 200 μg/mL. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that the mycelial surface collapsed, contracted and grew abnormally after D4 treatment. Finally, the results were further verified by in vivo antifungal assay, fluorescence microscopy (FM) observation, determination of relative conductivity, membrane lipid peroxidation degree assay, and determination of cytoplasmic content leakage. Molecular docking results suggested that D4 could be a potential SDHI.
TRIM47 promotes HDM‐induced bronchial epithelial pyroptosis by regulating NEMO ubiquitination to activate NF‐κB/NLRP3 signaling
Authors: Zhan Wenjuan , Zhang Huifang , Su Yufei , Yin Li 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAsthma is an inflammatory disease. Airway epithelial cell pyroptosis and cytokine secretion promote asthma progression. Tripartite motif 47 (TRIM47) belongs to the E3 ubiquitin ligase family and is associated with apoptosis and inflammation in a range of diseases. However, the role of TRIM47 in asthma has not been explored. In this study, the human bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS‐2B was treated with house dust mite (HDM) and TRIM47 expression was detected by RT‐qPCR and Western blot. After transfection with TRIM47 interfering and overexpressing plasmids, the synthesis and secretion of cytokines, as well as pyroptosis‐related indicators, were examined. Nuclear factor kappa‐B (NF‐κB) pathway proteins and nod‐like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome were measured to explore the mechanism of TRIM47 action. In addition, the effect of TRIM47 on the level of NF‐κB essential modulator (NEMO) ubiquitination was detected by an immunoprecipitation assay. The results showed that TRIM47 was upregulated in HDM‐induced BEAS‐2B cells and that TRIM47 mediated HDM‐induced BEAS‐2B cell pyroptosis and cytokine secretion. Mechanistically, TRIM47 promoted the K63‐linked ubiquitination of NEMO and facilitated NF‐κB/NLRP3 pathway activation. In conclusion, TRIM47 may promote cytokine secretion mediating inflammation and pyroptosis in bronchial epithelial cells by activating the NF‐κB/NLRP3 pathway. Therefore, TRIM47 may be a potential therapeutic target for HDM‐induced asthma.
Ru/CeTX (T=Ti, Sc; X=Ge, Si) Intermetallic Catalysts for NH3 Synthesis at Low Temperature (300 °C): Insight into Composition and Related Mechanisms.
Authors: Croisé Charlotte , Alabd Khaled , Tencé Sophie , Gaudin Etienne , Villesuzanne Antoine , Courtois Xavier , Bion Nicolas , Can Fabien 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBecause of its current and future intensive use, the synthesis of sustainable ammonia is of major concern. This study focuses on highlighting the mechanistic behaviours of NH3 production from molecular nitrogen and hydrogen on ruthenium materials supported on cerium‐based ternary intermetallics. An interesting activity is reported for Ru/CeTX materials (T=Sc, Ti; X=Si, Ge) with an ammonia production rate around 0.60 mmolNH3 h−1 g−1 at only 300 °C and 1 bar. While the activity at 400 °C appeared attributable to the N≡N cleavage activation, this low‐temperature activity is no longer correlated with this parameter, but rather to the behaviour regarding hydrogen and especially the ability of cerium‐based intermetallic materials to desorb hydrogen from the structure, supporting an associative‐type mechanism.