bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Whole transcriptome profiling reveals a lncMDP1 that regulates myogenesis by adsorbing miR-301a-5p targeting CHAC1
Authors: Chen Bingjie , Cai Hanfang , Niu Yufang , Zhang Yushi , Wang Yanxing , Liu Yang , Han Ruili , Liu Xiaojun , Kang Xiangtao , Li Zhuanjian 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMyoblast proliferation and differentiation are essential for skeletal muscle development. In this study, we generated the expression profiles of mRNAs, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and microRNAs (miRNAs) in different developmental stages of chicken primary myoblasts (CPMs) using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) technology. The dual luciferase reporter system was performed using chicken embryonic fibroblast cells (DF-1), and functional studies quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), 5-Ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU), flow cytometry cycle, RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (RNA-FISH), immunofluorescence, and western blotting assay. Our research demonstrated that miR-301a-5p had a targeted binding ability to lncMDP1 and ChaC glutathione-specific gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase 1 (CHAC1). The results revealed that lncMDP1 regulated the proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts via regulating the miR-301a-5p/CHAC1 axis, and CHAC1 promotes muscle regeneration. This study fulfilled the molecular regulatory network of skeletal muscle development and providing an important theoretical reference for the future improvement of chicken meat performance and meat quality.
Near-collapse of the geomagnetic field may have contributed to atmospheric oxygenation and animal radiation in the Ediacaran Period
Authors: Huang Wentao , Tarduno John A. , Zhou Tinghong , Ibañez-Mejia Mauricio , Dal Olmo-Barbosa Laércio , Koester Edinei , Blackman Eric G. , Smirnov Aleksey V. , Ahrendt Gabriel , Cottrell Rory D. , Kodama Kenneth P. , Bono Richard K. , Sibeck David G. , Li Yong-Xiang , Nimmo Francis , Xiao Shuhai , Watkeys Michael K. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractEarth’s magnetic field was in a highly unusual state when macroscopic animals of the Ediacara Fauna diversified and thrived. Any connection between these events is tantalizing but unclear. Here, we present single crystal paleointensity data from 2054 and 591 Ma pyroxenites and gabbros that define a dramatic intensity decline, from a strong Proterozoic field like that of today, to an Ediacaran value 30 times weaker. The latter is the weakest time-averaged value known to date and together with other robust paleointensity estimates indicate that Ediacaran ultra-low field strengths lasted for at least 26 million years. This interval of ultra-weak magnetic fields overlaps temporally with atmospheric and oceanic oxygenation inferred from numerous geochemical proxies. This concurrence raises the question of whether enhanced H ion loss in a reduced magnetic field contributed to the oxygenation, ultimately allowing diversification of macroscopic and mobile animals of the Ediacara Fauna.
Investigating inflation, living costs and mental health service utilization in post-COVID-19 England
Authors: Chen Shanquan , Yang Miaoqing , Kuper Hannah 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the association between price inflation and mental health conditions in the general population during the post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) era in England, beginning from April 2022. Here, utilizing data from the Office for National Statistics and the National Health Service, we examined the association between price inflation, reflected by an official index ‘Consumer Prices Index including owner occupiers’ housing costs’ and the number of people in contact with mental health services across different age groups. Our findings revealed that, compared with the pre-COVID-19 period (August 2016 to February 2020), significant associations emerged between specific living costs (including costs for ‘food and non-alcoholic beverages’, ‘housing, water and fuels’ and ‘miscellaneous goods and services’) and mental health service utilization during the post-COVID-19 era. This association was particularly noted for adults aged 19–64 years and the elderly population aged 65 years and over. The results highlight the importance of addressing the potential causes of mental health issues in the context of rising living costs and can inform targeted social and economic policies, such as financial subsidies for food and non-alcoholic beverages and the need to scale up mental health services.
Antimicrobial stewardship: a definition with a One Health perspective
Authors: Hibbard Rebecca , Mendelson Marc , Page Stephen W. , Ferreira Jorge Pinto , Pulcini Céline , Paul Mathilde C. , Faverjon Céline 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAntimicrobial stewardship (AMS) is a commonly advocated approach to address antimicrobial resistance. However, AMS is often defined in different ways depending on where it is applied, such that a range of definitions is now in use. These definitions may be functional and well-structured for a given context but are often ill-adapted for collaborative work, creating difficulties for intersectoral communication on AMS and complicating the design, implementation, and evaluation of AMS interventions from a One Health perspective. Using boundary object theory, we identified three key elements common to AMS in different settings in the human and animal health sectors—a sense of collective and temporal responsibility, flexibility in scale and scope, and contextual contingency. Based on these findings, we propose a definition for antimicrobial stewardship applicable to the human and animal health sectors, intended to facilitate intersectoral communication and cooperation. Further directions of this work could include the application of the definition to develop indicators for evaluating stewardship interventions and the extension of the definition to incorporate elements pertinent to plant and ecosystem health.
An analytical fast field solver for surface permanent magnet co‐axial magnetic gears
Authors: Javanmardi Mohammad Hosein , Rahideh Akbar 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA mathematical model of co‐axial magnetic gears is given for the prediction of magnetic field distribution and the magnetic forces. The modelling approach is based on the separation of variables method (SVM), Sturm–Liouville problem, and spectral analysis. This method is computationally more efficient and has the ability to account for finite permeability of magnetic saliency. An finite element method (FEM) validation is performed for a case study, and the results are observed to be almost matched. The computational time of the analytical model has been almost in the same order of that of the FEM for a specified rotor position (both in a matter of a second or less); however, when 100 number of rotor positions were accounted in the simulation, the computational time of FEM was increased to 82 s, while the computational complexity of SVM was almost unaffected.
Stereo matching from monocular images using feature consistency
Authors: Lu Zhongjian , Chen An , Gao Hongxia , Zhang Langwen , Zhang Congyu , Yang Yang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSynthetic images facilitate stereo matching. However, synthetic images may suffer from image distortion, domain bias, and stereo mismatch, which would significantly restrict the widespread use of stereo matching models in the real world. The first goal in this paper is to synthesize real‐looking images for minimizing the domain bias between the synthesized and real images. For this purpose, sharpened disparity maps are produced from a mono real image. Then, stereo image pairs are synthesized using these imperfect disparity maps and the single real image in the proposed pipeline. Although the synthesized images are as realistic as possible, the domain styles of the synthesized images are always very different from the real images. Thus, the second goal is to enhance the domain generalization ability of the stereo matching network. For that, the feature extraction layer is replaced with a teacher–student model. Then, a constraint of binocular contrast features is imposed on the output of the model. When tested on the KITTI, ETH3D, and Middlebury datasets, the accuracy of the method outperforms traditional methods by at least 30%. Experiments demonstrate that the approaches are general and can be conveniently embedded into existing stereo networks.
Low sidelobe planar electrically large sparse array antenna with element number reduction based on genetic algorithm
Authors: Zhu Yangkun , Ma Wenyu , Wang Chuang , Cao Wenquan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractConventionally, both electrically larger (EL) arrays and sparse arrays offer the advantage of element number reduction but disadvantage of high sidelobe levels. A new scheme of planar EL sparse array antenna based on a genetic algorithm (GA) to achieve low sidelobe with element number reduction is proposed. To begin with, EL sparse array antenna optimisation models based on GA for both linear and planar arrays are analysed. Then, an EL slot antenna element based on a 3 × 3 substrate integrated waveguide cavity is designed. An 8‐element linear EL sparse array antenna is designed and compared with a uniform array antenna, demonstrating a reduction in the maximum sidelobe level (MSLL) by nearly 4.6 dB. After that, a 4 × 8 element planar EL sparse array antenna is fabricated and measured. Compared to an 8 × 16 element planar EL uniform array antenna, the number of antenna elements is reduced by 75%, while the MSLL is reduced by approximately 3 dB. The measured −10 dB impedance bandwidth ranges from 25.3 to 27.8 GHz. At the central frequency, the radiation pattern achieves a peak gain of 29.6 dBi, exhibiting low sidelobe levels below −15.0 dB.
Interdisziplinäre Plastische und Rekonstruktive Chirurgie
von Plattenepithelkarzinomen des
Kopf-Hals-Bereichs
Authors: Remmert S. , Sack F. , Hasenberg S. , Lehnhardt M. , Steubing Y. , Puscz F. 
Published: May 2024

ZusammenfassungDas Plattenepithelkarzinom ist das häufigste Malignom im Bereich der Mundhöhle,
des Pharynx und des Larynx. Auch im Zeitalter modernster medikamentöser
Behandlungsverfahren ist und bleibt derzeit die radikale Resektion dieser
Tumoren der therapeutische Goldstandard. Der mit der Operation verbundene
Verlust anatomischer Strukturen verstärkt zwangsläufig die durch den Tumor
selbst hervorgerufenen Funktionsstörungen. Dabei wird der Umfang der
funktionellen Defizite maßgeblich vom Resektionsausmaß bestimmt. Komplette
Organresektionen, wie die Glossektomie, die komplette Gaumenresektion, die
Laryngektomie oder die quere Pharyngo- Laryngektomie führen zu schwersten
Funktionsausfällen, wie Störungen des Schluckaktes mit lebensbedrohlichen
Aspirationen und Artikulationsstörungen bis hin zur Sprechunfähigkeit. Mit Hilfe
der plastisch- rekonstruktiven Chirurgie lassen sich der Gewebeverlust ersetzen
und die spezifischen Funktionen des oberen Aerodigestivtraktes erhalten bzw.
wiederherstellen.In den letzten Jahrzehnten haben sich die rekonstruktiven Operationsverfahren im
Rahmen der Behandlung maligner Tumoren des Kopf- Hals- Bereichs enorm weiter
entwickelt. Um diese optimal zu nutzen, ist ein umfassendes, interdisziplinäres
Therapiekonzept Voraussetzung für den onkologischen und funktionellen Erfolg.
Dabei spielen neben allgemeinmedizinischen und sozialen vor allem
operationstechnische Parameter die entscheidende Rolle bei der Wahl der
Rekonstruktionsmethode. In wie weit die operativen Maßnahmen fachübergreifend
erfolgen müssen, hängt von der Lokalisation der Defekte im Kopf-Hals-Bereich und
von der Art des benötigten Ersatzgewebes ab. Hierbei kommt neben der Expertise
der HNO-Chirurgen die Expertise der Plastischen Chirurgen, der
Mund-Kiefer-Gesichtschirurgen und der Abdominalchirurgen besonders zum Tragen.
Der Einsatz unterschiedlicher Gewebe, die Kombination verschiedener
Transplantate und Lappen oder die Präformierung von Spenderregionen ermöglichen
Rekonstruktionen weit über das Maß der alleinigen Wiederherstellung der
Oberflächenintegrität. Die funktionellen Ergebnisse und damit die Lebensqualität
der Patienten nach chirurgischer Therapie ausgedehnter Tumoren der genannten
Lokalisationen hängen entscheidend von der Art der Rekonstruktion ab. Deshalb
wird im nachfolgenden Referat der besondere Schwerpunkt auf die Wahl der
Rekonstruktionsmethode und die Rekonstruktionstechnik bei Gewebeverlusten nach
Resektionen von Plattenepithelkarzinomen im Kopf-Hals-Bereich (HNSCC)
gelegt.
Tumour stage and overall survival in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and primary sclerosing cholangitis – a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Schramm Christoph , Sapuk Ayaz , Hoyer Dieter , Radünz Sonia , Schmidt Hartmut 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background Patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) carry increased risks for malignancy, among which cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the most frequent. We aimed to characterise a cohort of patients with PSC and intrahepatic CCA (iCCA) and to compare this cohort with CCA in different localisations.
Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of our medical database from 01.01.2007 to 30.06.2023 and differentiated CCA according to its localisation within the biliary tract into iCCA, perihilar CCA (pCCA), distal CCA (dCCA), and gallbladder carcinoma (GBC).
Results We identified 8 (28%) patients with iCCA, 14 (48%) patients with pCCA, 6 (21%) patients with GBC, and 1 (3%) patient with dCCA without significant differences in gender distribution and mean age. Mean time between diagnosis of PSC and CCA was 158±84 months for iCCA, 93±94 months for pCCA, and 77±69 months for GBC (p=0.230). At the time of CCA diagnosis, advanced-stage disease was present in 6 (75%) patients with iCCA, 13 (93%) patients with pCCA, and 2 (40%) patients with GBC (p=0.050). Only 5 (63%) patients with iCCA received curatively intended surgery, of whom 4 (80%) patients developed recurrence after a mean time of 38±31 months. Mean survival time in patients with iCCA (35±33 months) lay between patients with pCCA (14±8 months) and patients with GBC (57±58 months), but the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.131).
Conclusion Patients with PSC and iCCA showed an advanced tumour stage at diagnosis and limited long-time survival, which was classified between pCCA with worse prognosis and GBC with better prognosis.
Racial capitalism and COVID-19
Authors: Prasad Ajnesh 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe aim of this article is to revisit the racial disparities in health outcomes from COVID-19 and to problematize the overly simplified attribution of these numbers to race. This article calls for a deeper understanding of society’s wider economic arrangements in which these racial disparities are produced. It considers why a proposed public-policy measure that targeted racism—though without substantively accounting for the underlying form of capitalism through which it materializes—in an effort to remediate the differential health outcomes from COVID-19 between whites and racialized others was problematic and incomplete. Such an approach neither sufficiently accounted for structural conditions that led vulnerable racial minorities to develop comorbidities at a much higher rate than the local white population nor did it explain the labor market dynamics that resulted in vulnerable racial minorities being more likely to be employed in low-paid, frontline work as compared to white workers, which made the most effective way by which to avoid contracting the virus (i.e., physical distancing) all but impossible. This article finds that should the unsettling numbers related to the racial health disparities that unfolded during the pandemic be analyzed from a critical perspective, it would show how race is a cog in the machinery of neoliberalism, which culminates in racial capitalism. Specifically, racial capitalism fosters the economic stratification necessary to yield the consequences it had in terms of disparities in health outcomes from COVID-19. This article uses COVID-19 to illuminate how racism and capitalism function symbiotically to organize society, and responding to the former is perfunctory without interrogating the latter.
Developmental patterns of flowers and pods and the effect on seed number in French serradella (Ornithopus sativus) and yellow serradella (Ornithopus compressus) cultivars
Authors: Goward Laura E. , Haling Rebecca E. , Smith Rowan W. , Penrose Beth , Simpson Richard J. 
Published: May 2024

Context Reliable seed production is a key requirement for successful year-on-year regeneration of annual pasture legumes. Aims The study aims were to investigate the developmental patterns of flowers and pods and the effect on seed number among cultivars of French (Ornithopus sativus Brot.) and yellow serradella (O. compressus L.); and to assess the effects of early flower loss. Methods Four cultivars of each species were grown in a glasshouse under non-limiting growth conditions. Date of flowering and numbers of flowers, pods and seeds were assessed for up to 20 reproductive nodes on two stem axes per plant (n = 5 plants). A flower removal treatment was imposed to assess whether early flower loss affected flower and/or pod production. Key results Flowering in the serradellas was indeterminate, but for all cultivars there was a peak period of flower and pod production, with the timing and duration of the peak period differing among cultivars. Peak flowering occurred primarily because the proportion of plants flowering began to decline, but the number of flowers per reproductive node and the number of pods formed per node also declined with time. Compensation for early flower loss was observed for most cultivars because of a longer duration of pod formation and/or greater numbers of pods developed on higher reproductive nodes. Conclusions This study demonstrated that there is diversity in the patterns of flowering and podding and number of seeds initiated among serradellas. Implications Diversity in flowering and podding patterns combined with a capacity to compensate for early flower loss may be used to develop serradellas better able to cope with environmental stressors (frost, drought, heat) experienced during the flowering window.
Feasibility of acousto-electric tomography
Authors: Jensen Bjørn , Kirkeby Adrian , Knudsen Kim 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In acousto-electric tomography (AET) the goal is to reconstruct the electric conductivity in a domain from electrostatic boundary measurements of corresponding currents and voltages, while the domain is perturbed by a time-dependent acoustic wave, thus taking advantage of the acousto-electric effect. We approach the AET reconstruction in two steps: First, the interior power density is obtained from boundary measurements by solving a linear inverse and ill-posed problem; second, the interior conductivity is reconstructed from the power density by solving a non-linear and well-posed problem. Mathematically these inverse problems are fairly well understood, and reconstruction methods work well on synthetic data. This is in contrast to experimental findings. An effect can indeed be observed and data can be collected. However, the acousto-electric coupling is very weak, and consequently, the change in the measured voltage due to the acoustic perturbation might be too small compared to the background noise for viable reconstructions. In this paper, we take one step towards understanding the feasibility of AET. We provide an in-silico model of the coupled physics scenario based on standard models for the individual phenomena. Moreover, we formulate and implement numerically a full reconstruction method for the inverse problem via the two steps. We perform computational experiments with realistically chosen parameters from the context of medical imaging. The focus is on understanding the role of the acousto-electric coupling parameter and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The critical signal strength is analyzed and the omnipresent Johnson–Nyquist noise is estimated. We obtain both positive and negative findings; we can reconstruct features even under severe noise conditions, but we also find that the SNR one is likely to face in practice is too low to obtain useful reconstructions.
Propagation behaviors of two-dimensional chirped finite-energy Pearcey beams in free space
Authors: Zhang Jinggui , Xu Yunwu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We introduce two-dimensional chirped finite energy Pearcey beams (FEPBs) for the first time and investigate the propagation dynamics. First, we applied the Huygens–Fresnel integral to derive an explicit analytical expression which is suitable for describing FEPB propagation in free space. It is interesting to find that FEPBs will experience three typical propagation patterns, i.e. the single-autofocusing case, dual-autofocusing case and non-autofocusing diffraction case, only depending on the value of the input asymmetric chirp. We further arrive at the critical condition of these three patterns analytically. However, by changing the sign, another input symmetric chirp acts to strengthen or weaken the autofocusing intensity but does not affect the focal distance. Our findings suggest that two-dimensional chirped FEPBs have more potential in controlling linear self-focusing and optical particle manipulation, when compared with the corresponding Airy field or conventional Gaussian field.
Magnetic anisotropy in heterogeneous amorphous thin films: insights from thickness- and temperature-driven spin-reorientation
Authors: Masood Ansar , Belova L , Ström V 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Magnetization orientation in thin films is intricately influenced by multiple anisotropy components, with the dominant anisotropy serving as a key determinant. This complexity becomes particularly intriguing when considering thin films composed of subnanometer-scale heterogeneous amorphous structures. Our investigation builds upon this foundation, specifically focusing on the Fe–Ni–B–Nb alloy system, known for its moderate glass-forming ability and susceptibility to nanocrystallization. In this study, we present thickness- and temperature-driven spin-reorientation (SRT) transition, attributed to competing magnetic anisotropy energies in thin films featuring a heterogeneous amorphous structure. Thermogravimetric investigations unveiled a unique heterogeneous amorphous structure, a revelation unattainable through conventional structural analysis methods. The observed spontaneous perpendicular magnetization in amorphous films, as evidenced by transcritical hysteresis loops and magnetic stripe domains, is ascribed to the pronounced residual stress arising from the substantial magnetostriction of the alloy system. The temperature-driven SRT is correlated to the order-disorder magnetic transition of the heterogeneous amorphous phase, characterized by a Curie temperature of ∼225 K. This transformative magnetic state of the heterogeneous amorphous matrix limits the exchange interaction among the densely distributed α-Fe nuclei regions, ultimately governing the dynamic magnetic responses with varying temperature. This work provides valuable insights into the dynamic magnetic orientation of thin films, especially those with heterogeneous amorphous structures, contributing to the broader understanding of the underlying mechanisms of magnetization reversals.