bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Me and My AI Bot: Exploring the 'AIholic' Phenomenon and University Students' Dependency on Generative AI Chatbots - Is This the New Academic Addiction?
Authors: Salah Mohammed , Abdelfattah Fadi , Alhalbusi Hussam , Mukhaini Muna Al 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Amidst the buzz of technological advancement in education, our study unveils a more disconcerting narrative surrounding student chatbot interactions. Our investigation has found that students, primarily driven by intrinsic motivations like competence and relatedness, increasingly lean on chatbots. This dependence is not just a preference but borders on an alarming reliance, magnified exponentially by their individual risk perceptions. While celebrating AI's rapid integration in education is tempting, our results raise urgent red flags. Many hypotheses were supported, pointing toward a potential over-dependence on chatbots. Nevertheless, the unpredictable outcomes were most revealing, exposing the unpredictable terrain of AI's role in education. It is no longer a matter of if but how deep the rabbit hole of dependency goes. As we stand on the cusp of an educational revolution, caution is urgently needed. Before we wholly embrace chatbots as primary educators, it is imperative to understand the repercussions of replacing human touch with AI interactions. This study serves as a stark wake-up call, urging stakeholders to reconsider the unchecked integration of chatbots in learning environments. The future of education may very well be digital, but at what cost to human connection and autonomy?
Resistance phenotypes and molecular characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus associated with pleuritis in patients at “Hôpital du Mali” teaching hospital
Authors: Kalambry Aimé Césaire , Potindji Tchamou Malraux Fleury , Guindo Ibrehima , Kassogue Ambara , Kambire Dinanibè , Dramé Boubacar Sidiki Ibrahim , Yéna Sadio , Doumbia Seydou , Diakité Mahamadou 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is one of the pathogens strongly implicated in hospital infections. Data on the resistance and molecular characteristics of this bacterium are rare in Mali.
Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the antibiotic resistance patterns, virulence factors of S. aureus isolates from pleural fluid infections in hospitalized patients.
Methods
Pleural effusion samples were obtained by thoracentesis for bacteriological examination from October 2021 to December 2022 at the “Hôpital du Mali” teaching hospital. Comorbidities such as HIV/AIDS and diabetes were assessed. Standard microbiological procedures were used for bacterial identification. The disk diffusion method was used to identify methicillin-resistant S. aureus. The PCR amplification method was used to detect the following genes: lukE/D, sek, bsa, sel, and sep.
Results
This study analyzed 6096 samples from inpatients and found a pooled frequency of bacterial pleuritis of 526 (8.6%) in thoracic surgery and pediatric wards. S. aureus was isolated in 52 (9.88%) cases, of which 39 (75%) isolates were MRSA. There was no significant difference between the sexes (p = 1.00). The median age of the patients was 30 years. All S. aureus isolates showed resistance to penicillin-G. The leucocidin lukE/D toxin was detected in 7.7% of thoracic surgery patients, but sek, bsa, sel, and sep toxins were not found.
Conclusion
In this study, we found a high frequency of S. aureus (and MRSA) in pleurisy patients at the “Hôpital du Mali”. Only the leukocidin lukE/D was found. The empirical treatment protocol for pleurisy may need revision. Clindamycin, linezolid, teicoplanin, daptomycin, fosfomycin, vancomycin, moxifloxacin and fusidic acid were the most active antibiotics on our isolates in this study. Infection prevention measures, active surveillance, and effective therapeutic options are recommended.
WITHDRAWN: Effects of enzyme preparation and straw expansion treatment on sorghum micro-storage performance and microbial community
Authors: Sun Yuxin , Liu Mingjian , Bai Baochao , Sheng Panjie , An Jiangbo , Bao Ruiying , Yuan Zitong , Liu Tingyu , Shi Kai 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn by the authors due to author disagreement with the posting of the preprint. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
Research and application of ROM based on Res-PINNs neural network in fluid system
Authors: Liu Yuhao , Hou Junjie , Wei Ping , Jin Jie , Zhang Renjie 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The reduced-order-model(ROM) method provides a strong support for the rapid iteration and simulation verification of supporting fluid system design. This study focuses on the problems of gradient disappearance or explosion and incomplete learning of flow field characteristics in the training process of PINN ROM. Based on PINN model, an innovative ROM Res-PINNs is proposed. By embedding ResNet module into PINN neural network structure, it strives to improve the training stability of the model while retaining physical knowledge. In addition, parallel network structure is added to the model to improve its perception and learning ability of flow field state.At last, in order to verify the validity of the proposed model, two classical fluid problems, the flow around a cylinder and Vortex-Induced Vibration(VIV), are selected to compare and verify the proposed Res-PINNs model. The results show that Res-PINNs can reconstruct the flow field state more accurately, effectively overcome the problems of gradient disappearance or explosion and poor learning ability of PINN model during training, and provide a new solution for the application of deep learning order reduction method in aerospace system modeling and simulation.
'Roly-poly toy' motion during pollen exudation promotes rapid pollen adhesion in rice
Authors: Wada Hiroshi , Hatakeyama Yuto , Erra-Balsells Rosa , Muneta Takumi , Nonami Hiroshi , Ueda Hikari , Yamaga-Hatakeyama Yoko , Miyashita Naoya , Araki Takuya 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Angiosperms reproduce throughout pollination, at which pollen grains move from anthers to stigma. After pollen capture, pollen hydration occurs throughout newly formed pollen foot (pollen adhesion) prior to germination1, whereas few reported in grass that an unusual phenomenon, called picolitre ‘pollen exudation’, occurs shortly after pollen capture2-5. However, the precise role(s) including its chemical composition are unknown. Here we show the exact dynamics of captured pollen grains during pollen exudation in rice. We found that the exudates originated from the grains ran down toward the receptive part to help the grains to self-position, causing ‘roly-poly toy’-like rocking motion to lead pollen adhesion. Furthermore, single-cell metabolomics6 suggests that high content of sugars, fatty acids, and redox-related metabolites site-specifically determined in the exudates likely participate in osmotic and molecular signaling in stigmatic apoplast, increasing the fluid viscosity. Altering the center of gravity in an object causes a rocking motion, and thus the observed pollen behavior suggests possible within-grain organelle rearrangements attributed to the metabolic changes induced at pollen capture. Therefore, we anticipate that pollen exudation plays a crucial role on the optimal pollen adhesion that enables rapid pollination in rice. This study also illustrates significance of the event in grass family.
VGF and VGF-derived peptide AQEE30 stimulate osteoblastic bone formation through C3a receptor
Authors: Koh Jung-Min , Moon Sung Ah , Kim Jin-Man , Lee Young-Sun , Cho Han Jin , Choi Young Jin , Yoon Jong Hyuk , Kim Dayea , Che Xiangguo , Jin Xian , Baek In-Jeoung , Lee Seung Hun , Choi Je-Yong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

New therapeutic targets, especially those that stimulate bone formation in cortical bone, are needed to overcome the limitations of current anti-osteoporotic drugs. We previously demonstrated that factors secreted from megakaryocytes (MK) promote bone formation. In this study, we conducted a proteomic analysis to identify a novel bone-forming factor from MK secretions. We revealed that Vgf, a nerve growth factor-responsive gene, and its derived active peptide AQEE30 in MK-conditioned media, played an important role in osteoblast proliferation and in vitro bone formation. In both Vgf-deficient male and female mice, cortical bone mass was significantly decreased due to reduced osteoblast number and bone formation activity. AQEE30 stimulated intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels and protein kinase A (PKA) activity in osteoblasts, whereas an adenylyl cyclase inhibitor blocked the AQEE30-stimulated osteoblast proliferation and in vitro bone formation. Complement C3a receptor-1 (C3AR1) were expressed and interacted with AQEE30 in osteoblasts, and C3AR1 inhibitions blocked all AQEE30-induced changes, including stimulated proliferation, bone formation, and cAMP production, in osteoblasts. Injecting a mini-PEGylated AQEE30 into calvaria increased the number of osteocalcin-positive cells and new bone formation. In conclusion, this study reveals a novel role of VGF in bone formation, particularly in cortical bone, and shows that AQEE30, a VGF-derived peptide, mediates this role by activating cAMP-PKA signalling via the C3AR1 receptor in osteoblasts.
Inhibition of discharge rates of neurons via electroacupuncture at Shenshu (BL23), Huantiao (GB30) , Weizhong (BL40) and Yanglingquan (GB34) to alleviate inflammation-induced discogenic sciatica
Authors: Li Lijuan , Dai Hongbin , Wang Baoshan , Tang Hailing 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Sciatica is closely related to the disease symptoms of lumbar disc herniation. Previous studies exhibited that electroacupuncture (EA) can effectively relieve chronic low back pain and sciatica. However, the mechanism underlying the analgesic effects of EA on discogenic sciatica is still largely confusing. In this study, model rats of discogenic sciatica were established to avoid causing direct compression. Male SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group (FM), model group (M), electroacupuncture group (EA), electroacupuncture sham point group (NA) and sham operation electroacupuncture group (SEA). EA with low-frequency electronic pulse was adjusted to continuous wave (2Hz, 1mA) mode, and applied to the specified fixed acupuncture points (BL23, GB30, BL40, GB34) for 20 min on odd days for 4 weeks. After EA treatment for 4 weeks, the sensory neurons in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord in FM and SEA groups remained silent throughout the recording time, while the firing rates of neurons in M and NA groups stayed active at 20 ~ 30 sparks/10s. The EA group had a significantly lower firing rate during the EA intervention process compared to the M and NA groups. EA intervention can effectively reverse the abnormal excitability of sensory neurons in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, improve the plantar mechanical pain threshold and inflammatory factors depending on the accurate selection of acupuncture points in discogenic sciatica rat models.
Semantic Sentiment based LDA for Detecting Sentiments of Short Texts
Authors: Tajbakhsh Mir Saman , Solouk Vahid , Ranjbar Vahid , Salehi Mostafa 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Textual contents are very powerful sources of information about events. Twitter, as a microblogging social network provides such a platform for users in order to publish their thoughts about a special happening. However, deliberation on this social network indicates that words are majorly used in sentiments different that their original sounds. For instance, the word Damn or Hell despite their negative sounds are widely used to express positive feelings about the subject. In addition, there is a wide variety of words which are used in so-called microblogging form, rather than their original format which hinders the use of current sentimental databases to return the meaning. Lack of such database, makes the process of acquiring information with difficulties. The current paper introduces a novel topic modeling method for finding the sentiments in short texts using previous knowledge of trusted sources for sentiments. As the trusted source of sentiments, we utilized emojis that were extracted from a database of nearly 8 million tweets. The included in the process of sentiment analysis in a process of 9 stages. Further, the acquired word in each stage were appended to the next stage in form of a back propagation algorithm in order to incorporate the proposed method over the large sets of short texts which can be applied in real tweets. Thus, a sentimental database for heterogeneous words distinguishing sentimentally positive and negative words, and including hidden words named as Golden List were created. A validation test over the words acquired in each step, shows a sign of higher occurrence rate and sentimental closeness in negative top words rather than in positive top words in terms of Jaccard similarity. Moreover, the comparisons of the created dataset with two databases with the maximum of 20% word hit, indicates similarity rate of above 55% for both positive and negative top words.
Molecular, Cytological and Morphological Studies on Jassid Resistance in Cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.) Based on Hairiness Trait
Authors: S SUBHASHINI , K KEERTHIVARMAN , Rajeswari S. , N PREMALATHA , T KALAIMAGAL , M MUTHUSWAMI , P JEYAKUMAR 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The parents MCU 5, CO 14, CO 17, TCH 1828, KC 2, KC 3, GISV 323, GTHV 15–34 and RHC 1409 of upland cotton were used for the present study. They were obtained from the Tamilnadu Agricultural University, Department of cotton, Coimbatore. Among the 27 primers used only JESPR 154 primer showed amplified fragment at 150 bp which validates the corresponding parents with hairiness trait conferring resistance to Jassid. The hairy nature of trichome density was observed among the resistant genotypes (KC 3, GTHV 15–34, GISV 323 and RHC 1409). Hairiness confers resistance to jassids was evidence from the results and discussion which would confer breeders develop varieties with high resistance genotypes thereby reducing the jassid infestation. The trichomes were found to confer resistance to sucking pests. This henceforth reduce the pesticide consumption in cotton plants thereby paving the way for a safety environment for ecological species without harming them. Pesticide usage would be lowered with the use of tolerant genotypes. It also paves way for the improvement of future integrated pest management (IPM) programme.
Designing an effective educational toy: incorporating design-thinking and user-centered design in the design classroom
Authors: Houston Natalie , Manrique Ferney 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The “designing an effective educational toy” is a research project that emerged from a teaching and learning course designed to facilitate creative engagement both inside and outside the classroom at Wenzhou-Kean University in China. This research study examines the incorporation of design thinking and user-centered design concepts in the development of an educational toy by graphic design students. Utilizingthe ‘Double Diamond Model of Design’, thisresearch methodically progresses through the stages of observation, generation, prototyping, and testing to create a 3D letter-building kit with the goal of improving children's educational experiences. The approach prioritizes the integration of ideas through iterative design, taking safety into account, involving users, and focusing on instructional value. The key findings emphasize the effective implementation of design principles in developing a product that not only fulfills safety and educational requirements but also provides novel learning experiences. The essay continues by recommending the wider implementation of these concepts in the creation of educational toys to encourage improved learning outcomes and the development of skills in children.
Unlocking the Grain Quality Enigma: A KASP-Driven Voyage Through Bread Wheat's Quantitative Trait Nucleotides Under Heat Adversity
Authors: Bashir Latief , Budhlakoti Neeraj , Pradhan Anjan Kumar , Sharma Divya , Jain Antil , Rehman Saman Saim , Kondal Vishal , Jacob Sherry R , Bhardwaj Rakesh , Gaikwad Kiran , Mishra Dwijesh Chandra , Pandey Abhishek , Kaur Satinder , Bhati Pradeep Kumar , Singh Rakesh , Singh Gyanendra Pratap , Kumar Sundeep 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Heat stress is a critical factor affecting global wheat production and productivity. In this study, out of 500 studied accessions a diverse panel of 126 wheat genotypes grown under twelve distinct environmental conditions was analyzed. Using 35K single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping assays and trait data on five biochemical parameters, including grain protein content (GPC), grain amylose content (GAC), grain total soluble sugars (TSS), grain iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) content, six multi-locus GWAS models were employed for association analysis. This revealed 67 significantly associated QTNs linked to grain quality parameters, explaining phenotypic variations ranging from 3–44% under heat stress conditions. By considering the results in consensus to at least three GWAS models and three locations, the final QTNs were reduced to 17, with 14 being novel findings. Notably, two novel markers, AX-94461119 (chromosome 6A) and AX-95220192 (chromosome 7D), associated with grain iron and zinc, respectively, were validated through KASP approach. Candidate genes, such as chaperonin Cpn60/GroEL/TCP-1 family, P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolases (NTPases), Bowman-Birk type proteinase inhibitor (BBI), and NPSN13 protein, were identified from the associated genomic regions, which could be potentially targeted for improving quality traits and heat tolerance in wheat.
Rapid degradation of thermosetting ester epoxies and monomer recovery methods
Authors: Hu Xinyue , Ma Hanbing , Zhou Baineng , Deng Yinjie 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The degradation and recycling of waste epoxy resins is an urgent environmental problem, encouraging the use of degradable thermosetting epoxies. In this study, a high-performance thermosetting epoxy resin material that can be easily degraded and recycled was prepared using a low-viscosity and high-activity epoxy monomer, tetrahydrophthalic acid diglycidyl ester. Owing to the breakable ester bond in this epoxy monomer, the thermosetting three-dimensional epoxy cross-linked structure can be rapidly degraded using ethylene glycol at atmospheric pressure. After further depolymerization of the epoxy resin/glycol solution with NaOH, sodium cyclohexene-2-carboxylate was obtained. The sodium salt was acidified, epoxidized, and then re-prepared to obtain the epoxy monomer diglycidyl tetrahydrophthalate. The recycled epoxy monomer possesses the same thermal and mechanical properties as the original epoxy monomer, thus realizing the economic and environmentally friendly degradation and recycling of the thermosetting epoxy resin under mild conditions.
Toll-like receptor 3 orchestrates a conserved mechanism of heart regeneration
Authors: Fiegl Manuel , Röhrs Bernhard , Hau Dominik , Mair Sophia , Niederwanger Philipp , Regele Dominik , Merotto Lorenzo , Töchterle Sonja , Engler Clemens , Graber Michael , Kirchmair Elke , Niedrist Veronika , Muller Lynn , Pölzl Leo , Hirsch Jakob , Nägele Felix , Happacher Isidor , Oberegger Simon , Bonaros Nikolaos , Grimm Michael , Tancevski Ivan , Finotello Francesca , Meyer Dirk , Holfeld Johannes , Gollmann-Tepeköylü Can 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The human’s heart responds to tissue damage with persistent fibrotic scarring. Unlike humans, zebrafish exhibit the ability to repair cardiac injury and re-grow heart tissue throughout life. Here, we provide novel evidence for toll-like receptor 3 (tlr3) driving cardiac regeneration in zebrafish. Upon cardiac injury, survival is decreased in tlr3-/- fish as compared to wildtype controls. Tlr3-/- zebrafish fail to recruit innate immune cells to the injured ventricle, resulting in impaired DNA repair and transcriptional reprogramming of cardiomyocytes. Mechanistically, we uncover an evolutionary conserved mechanism of tlr3 activation in fibroblasts promoting monocyte migration towards an injured ventricular area. Our data reveal tlr3 as a novel therapeutic target to promote cardiac regeneration.
Selective Noradrenergic Activation of BDNF Translation by Mirtazapine
Authors: Ciraci Viviana , Santoni Letizia , Tongiorgi Enrico 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Antidepressants are known for their neurotrophic effects, particularly through the regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression. Mirtazapine, a tetracyclic noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressant (NaSSA) has been observed to upregulate BDNF, though its underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we used the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line to investigate whether mirtazapine could enhance BDNF translation by modulating serotonin and/or norepinephrine and their receptors. A 1-hour stimulation with 1 or 10 µM mirtazapine led to downregulation of serotonergic receptors 5HT1A, while increasing ADRA2A and ADRB2 receptors. Mirtazapine at 10 µM upregulated endogenous BDNF after 3h, but not 1h stimulation. To investigate the translation of major BDNF transcripts, we used chimeric BDNF-luciferase constructs with the untranslated 5'UTR exons I, IIc, IV, or VI, and the long version of the 3'UTR. Luciferase assays and Western blotting revealed that mirtazapine selectively enhanced exon-IIc-BDNF-long3'UTR-Luciferase translation. This increase was associated with norepinephrine release and was inhibited by blocking ADRA2A or ADRB2 adrenoceptors for the exon-IIc-BDNF-long3'UTR-Luciferase, and ADR2B for endogenous BDNF. These findings provide a new perspective on the critical role of the noradrenergic system in mediating mirtazapine’s effects on BDNF translation. We propose a novel mechanism of action in which mirtazapine promotes norepinephrine release and noradrenergic responses by upregulating ADRA2A and ADRB2 while downregulating serotonergic receptors.