bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insight into the complex ammonia decomposition/oxidation kinetics in ammonia protonic ceramic fuel cells via elementary modeling
Authors: You Jiacheng , Chen Jiangping , Liu Shunli , Fang Huihuang , Zhong Fulan , Luo Yu , Jiang Lilong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe protonic ceramic fuel cells (PCFCs) can convert the chemical energy of fuel directly into electric power, with the advantages of high efficiency and alternative fuel range at intermediate temperatures. Ammonia has been regarded as a promising fuel for PCFCs due to its carbon‐free and hydrogen‐rich properties, high volumetric energy density and easy storage/transportation. However, the performance of ammonia PCFCs (NH3‐PCFCs) is far inferior to the hydrogen PCFCs (H2‐PCFCs) because of the sluggish and complex kinetics at anodes. In this study, we established an elementary reaction kinetic model for NH3‐PCFCs, investigated the effect of reaction parameters, anode components and reaction partition, and explored the coupling mechanism between the ammonia decomposition and electrochemical reaction. Importantly, the ammonia decomposition and electrochemical reaction can be flexibly regulated by adjusting anode parameters, then affecting the performance ratio of NH3‐PCFCs and H2‐PCFCs. The detailed rate‐determining steps were further identified by experimental and model analysis. Thus, the ammonia/hydrogen performance ratio of the cell can exceed 95% at 550°C after accelerating the ammonia decomposition reaction. Our work provides insights into the kinetics in NH3‐PCFCs for improving their performance with optimization.
Comparable relapse incidence after unrelated allogeneic stem cell transplantation with post‐transplant cyclophosphamide versus conventional anti‐graft versus host disease prophylaxis in patients with acute myeloid leukemia: A study on behalf of the Acute Leukemia Working Party of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation
Authors: Nagler Arnon , Ngoya Maud , Galimard Jacques‐Emmanuel , Labopin Myriam , Blau Igor Wolfgang , Kröger Nicolaus , Gedde‐Dahl Tobias , Schroeder Thomas , Burns David , Salmenniemi Urpu , Rambaldi Alessandro , Choi Goda , Peffault de Latour Régis , Vydra Jan , Sengeloev Henrik , Eder Matthias , Mielke Stephan , Forcade Edouard , Kulagin Alexander , Ciceri Fabio , Mohty Mohamad 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe compared relapse incidence (RI) post‐unrelated transplantation with post‐transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) versus no PTCy graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis, in 7049 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients in remission, 707 with PTCy, and 6342 without (No PTCy). The patients in the PTCy group were younger, 52.7 versus 56.6 years (p < .001). There were more 9/10 donors in the PTCy group, 33.8% versus 16.4% (p < .001), and more received myeloablative conditioning, 61.7% versus 50.2% (p < .001). In the No PTCy group, 87.7% of patients received in vivo T‐cell depletion. Neutrophil and platelet engraftment were lower in the PTCy versus No PTCy group, 93.8% and 80.9% versus 97.6% and 92.6% (p < .001). RI was not significantly different in the PTCy versus the No PTCy group, hazard ratio (HR) of 1.11 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.9–1.37) (p = .31). Acute GVHD grades II–IV and III–IV, were significantly lower in the PTCy versus the No PTCy group, HR of 0.74 (95% CI 0.59–0.92, p = .007) and HR = 0.56 (95% CI 0.38–0.83, p = .004), as were total and extensive chronic GVHD, HRs of 0.5 (95% CI 0.41–0.62, p < .001) and HR = 0.31 (95% CI 0.22–0.42, p < .001). Non‐relapse mortality (NRM) was significantly lower with PTCy versus the No PTCy group, HR of 0.67 (95% CI 0.5–0.91, p = .007). GVHD‐free, relapse‐free survival (GRFS) was higher in the PTCy versus the No PTCy group, HR of 0.69 (95% CI 0.59–0.81, p = .001). Leukemia‐free survival (LFS) and overall survival (OS) did not differ between the groups. In summary, we observed comparable RI, OS, and LFS, significantly lower incidences of GVHD and NRM, and significantly higher GRFS in AML patients undergoing unrelated donor‐hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with PTCy versus No PTCy GVHD prophylaxis.
Distribution of COVID‐19 mitigation measures by industry and work arrangement—US blood donors, May 2021–December 2021
Authors: Shi Dallas S. , Rinsky Jessica L. , McDonald Emily , Shah Melisa M. , Groenewold Matthew R. , de Perio Marie A. , Feldstein Leora R. , Saydah Sharon , Haynes James M. , Spencer Bryan R. , Stramer Susan L. , McCullough Matthew , Jones Jefferson M. , Chiu Sophia K. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo describe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) mitigation measures in workplaces of employed US blood donors by industry and work arrangement.MethodsDuring May–December 2021, blood donors responded to a survey; we describe the distribution of reported workplace mitigation measures by industry and work arrangement, organized using the hierarchy of controls.Results.Of 53,433 respondents representing 21 industries, ventilation upgrades were reported by 4%–38% of respondents (overall: 20%); telework access ranged from 14%–80% (53% overall). Requiring masks (overall: 84%; range: 40%–94%), physical distancing (77%; 51%–86%), paid leave for illness (70%; 38%–87%), and encouraging vaccination (61%; 33%–80%) were common. Independent workers reported fewer mitigation measures than those in traditional employment settings.ConclusionsMitigation measures varied by industry and work arrangement. Some mitigation measures may be challenging to implement or irrelevant in certain industries, supporting the idea that mitigation is not a one‐size‐fits‐all strategy.Policy ImplicationsTailored strategies to mitigate workplace risks of disease transmission are vital. Strategies should rely on effective methods for identifying workplace controls (e.g., through the hierarchy of controls) and account for industry‐specific characteristics and workplace environments.
Novel Radical Cyclization Cascade for the Unified Synthesis of the Cedrane and Clovane Sesquiterpene Skeletons
Authors: Suzuki Takahiro , Yamashita Kotaro , Ikeda Wataru , Ikeuchi Kazutada , Tanino Keiji 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRadical cyclization cascade reactions of epoxycyclohexanes possessing alkene and alkyne side chains have been achieved. Sequential 5‐ or 6‐exo‐trig/5‐exo‐dig reactions triggered by epoxide ring opening with Cp2TiCl were found to provide a useful unified synthetic method for generating the carbon skeletons of clovane and cedrane, two tricyclic sesquiterpenes. The factors responsible for the development of stereoselectivity during cyclization are also discussed.
Tumor misdiagnosis resulting in inappropriate use of biologics
Authors: Yoshiyasu Yuki , Krysinski Mason R. , Chandra Rakesh K. , Chen Philip G. 
Published: June 2024

Key points
Unilateral or destructive sinonasal disease should raise suspicion for tumor.
Patients receiving biologic therapy for CRSwNP should be carefully selected.
Tissue diagnosis should be considered prior to starting biologics for nasal polyposis.
Predictability of European winter 2021/2022: Influence of La Niña and stratospheric polar vortex
Authors: McLean Peter , Bulmer Chris , Davies Paul , Dunstone Nick , Gordon Margaret , Ineson Sarah , Kelly Jason , Kettleborough Jamie , Knight Jeff , Lockwood Julia Florence , Scaife Adam A. , Smith Doug , Stringer Nicky , Walker Brent 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe Northern Hemisphere winter of 2021/2022 exhibited a positive North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) which led to largely mild and wet conditions for Northern Europe. A moderate La Niña in the tropical Pacific and a stronger than average stratospheric polar vortex together explained the observed anomalies over the winter. Winter 2021/2022 was well predicted in general by seasonal forecast systems. The ensemble mean indicated a positive winter NAO and the forecast spread of forecasts from the Met Office GloSea6 seasonal prediction system spanned the observed mean sea level pressure anomaly for the whole winter and the individual months. However, December showed the largest departure from the mean of the forecast which is consistent with evidence from previous work that early winter ENSO teleconnections are too weak in model predictions. Nevertheless, around one in four members captured the negative NAO pattern in December. The strong pressure gradient and positive NAO predicted for the latter part of the winter allowed successful warning of the possibility of above average storminess and strong winds which occurred in February 2022. This is potentially useful information for the energy sector who increasingly rely on wind power and the insurance industry for warning of storm damage.
Pelargonidin inhibits cell growth and promotes oxidative stress‐mediated apoptosis in lung cancer A549 cells
Authors: Yue Liwei , Li Ying , Luo Yuting , Alarfaj Abdullah A. , Shi Yubo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLung cancer has the worst prognosis with an average 5‐year survival rate of only 10%–20%. Lung cancer has the highest prevalence rate and a second most common cause of cancer‐associated mortalities worldwide. The present study was planned to explore the anticancer effects of pelargonidin against the lung cancer A549 cells via analyzing oxidative stress‐mediated apoptosis. The viability of both control and pelargonidin‐treated A549 cells was analyzed using the MTT cytotoxicity assay at different time periods. The levels of endogenous ROS generation, mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm), and apoptosis were assessed using corresponding fluorescent staining assays. The levels of oxidative stress biomarkers, including TBARS, SOD, CAT, and GSH, in the cell lysates of control and pelargonidin‐treated A549 cells were examined using the assay kits. The pelargonidin treatment substantially suppressed the A549 cell growth. Further, pelargonidin promoted the ROS production and depleted the Δψm levels in the A549 cells. The fluorescent staining assays witnessed the occurrence of increased apoptosis in the pelargonidin‐treated A549 cells. The pelargonidin also boosted the TBARS and reduced the antioxidant levels thereby promoted the oxidative stress‐regulated apoptosis in the A549 cells. In summary, the findings’ results of the current study demonstrated an anticancer activity of pelargonidin on A549 cells. The pelargonidin treatment substantially decreased the growth and encouraged the oxidative stress‐regulated apoptosis in A549 cells. Therefore, it was evident that the pelargonidin could be employed as an effective anticancer candidate to treat the lung cancer.
Current state of implementation of in silico tools in the biopharmaceutical industry—Proceedings of the 5th modeling workshop
Authors: Wittkopp Felix , Welsh John , Todd Robert , Staby Arne , Roush David , Lyall Jessica , Karkov Sophie , Hunt Stephen , Griesbach Jan , Bertran Maria‐Ona , Babi Deenesh 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe fifth modeling workshop (5MW) was held in June 2023 at Favrholm, Denmark and sponsored by Recovery of Biological Products Conference Series. The goal of the workshop was to assemble modeling practitioners to review and discuss the current state, progress since the last fourth mini modeling workshop (4MMW), gaps and opportunities for development, deployment and maintenance of models in bioprocess applications. Areas of focus were four categories: biophysics and molecular modeling, mechanistic modeling, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and plant modeling. Highlights of the workshop included significant advancements in biophysical/molecular modeling to novel protein constructs, mechanistic models for filtration and initial forays into modeling of multiphase systems using CFD for a bioreactor and mapped strategically to cell line selection/facility fit. A significant impediment to more fully quantitative and calibrated models for biophysics is the lack of large, anonymized datasets. A potential solution would be the use of specific descriptors in a database that would allow for detailed analyzes without sharing proprietary information. Another gap identified was the lack of a consistent framework for use of models that are included or support a regulatory filing beyond the high‐level guidance in ICH Q8–Q11. One perspective is that modeling can be viewed as a component or precursor of machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI). Another outcome was alignment on a key definition for “mechanistic modeling.” Feedback from participants was that there was progression in all of the fields of modeling within scope of the conference. Some areas (e.g., biophysics and molecular modeling) have opportunities for significant research investment to realize full impact. However, the need for ongoing research and development for all model types does not preclude the application to support process development, manufacturing and use in regulatory filings. Analogous to ML and AI, given the current state of the four modeling types, a prospective investment in educating inter‐disciplinary subject matter experts (e.g., data science, chromatography) is essential to advancing the modeling community.
A biomimetic, triggered‐release micelle formulation of methotrexate and celastrol controls collagen‐induced arthritis in mice
Authors: Ren He , Wu Zewen , Li Jingxuan , Zhang Nan , Nah Coo Yee , Li Jiexin , Zhang Jingyu , Lovell Jonathan F. , Zhang Liyun , Zhang Yumiao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease that leads to the destruction of articular cartilage and bone. RA is characterized by immune cell infiltration and abnormal proliferation of synoviocytes in the joints. Herein, we developed a biomimetic formulation via co‐loading the anti‐inflammatory agent Celastrol (Cel) along with the stabilizer Vitamin K (VK) in antirheumatic methotrexate (MTX)‐conjugated Pluronic F127 (F127) micelles. Micelles were then coated with B cell derived membrane, yielding MTX loaded Cel Micelle (CeViM)‐micelle@B, which were investigated for RA treatment. VK, used at levels well within safety margins, was identified as a carrier compound that could stabilize Cel within micelles, increasing the encapsulation efficiency of Cel. In addition, MTX, a front‐line RA therapeutic, was chemically grafted to F127 via a responsive linker sensitive to the chemically reducing environments. As such, CeViM‐micelle@B released pristine MTX in response to the intracellular reducing environments, which combined with Cel to suppress pro‐inflammatory responses. B cell membrane coating enhanced accumulation of CeViM‐micelle@B in joints, leading to a 75% decrease of inflammatory cytokine secretion in vitro, and significantly ameliorated cartilage and bone structures in the collagen‐induced arthritis murine model. Taken together, this biomimetic nanoparticle holds potential as a next‐generation targeted RA treatment.
‘I have to put my citizen's hat on’: Operational and societal mindsets to provide a new perspective on organisational decision‐making for sustainability
Authors: Meath Cristyn , Newey Lance , Griffiths Andrew 
Published: June 2024

AbstractManagerial cognition research is becoming more prevalent in the corporate sustainability literature, providing insights as to how functioning of the mind impacts decision‐making. As we witness catastrophic decline of the planet's natural capital, entering the sixth wave of mass extinction, this study investigates decision‐making related to natural resource consumption through interviews with 32 decision‐makers in the construction/infrastructure and manufacturing industries. Drawing on mindset theory and interview data, we develop the concept of an operational mindset and a societal mindset. The study also identifies the occurrence of individuals switching between operational and societal mindsets when asked to consider the sustainability of key natural resources for the interviewees' organisations. While similarities exist with the prominent business case and paradoxical cognitive frames concept, a number of differences are identified by drawing on the foundations of mindset theory and extensive empirical research from its application in other business disciplines.
Understanding sexual homicide in Korea using machine learning algorithms
Authors: Kwon Hyeokjun , Lee Sanggyung , Georgoulis Hana , Beauregard Eric , Sea Jonghan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe current study was conducted to confirm the characteristics in sexual homicide and to explore variables that effectively differentiate sexual homicide and nonsexual homicide. Further, newer methods that have received attention in criminology, such as the machine learning method, were used to explore the ideal algorithm for classifying sexual homicide and patterns for sexual homicide in Korea. To do this, 542 homicide cases were analyzed utilizing eight algorithms, and the classification performance of each algorithm was analyzed along with the importance of variables. The results of the analysis revealed that the Naive Bayes, K‐Nearest Neighbors, and RF algorithms demonstrate good classification accuracy, and generally, factors such as relationships, marriage, planning, personal weapons, and overkill were identified as crucial variables that distinguish sexual homicide in Korea. In addition, the crime scene information of the crime occurring in the dark (at night) and body disposal were found to have high importance. The current study proposes ways to enhance the efficacy of crime investigation and advance the research on sexual homicides in Korea through a more scientific understanding of sexual homicide that has not been thoroughly explored domestically.
Unveiling the shadows: Investigating the interplay of stalking and sexual homicide—A case study
Authors: Stefanska Ewa , Longpré Nicholas 
Published: June 2024

AbstractStalking can be defined as a pattern of fixated, repeated, and unwanted behaviours. Stalking is not an isolated incident and was associated to sexual violence. While the relationship between sexual violence and stalking is scarcely explored, no studies have tested the relationship between stalking and sexual homicide, which both involves elements of obsession. The aim of this paper was to study the relationship between stalking and sexual homicide using an exploratory case study analysis of 7 males convicted for sexual homicide. Results revealed: (1) The presence of obsession prior to the homicide; (2) The victims were ex‐intimate partners or acquaintances; (3) The victims were followed several times prior to the index offence; (4) Stalking elements were not always considered by the authorities, which has led to an escalation of behaviours. This study expands our understanding between stalking and sexual violence, supporting the design of prevention and treatments.
Magnon Sensing of NO, NO2 and NH3 Gas Capture on CrSBr Monolayer
Authors: Rivero‐Carracedo Gonzalo , Rybakov Andrey , Baldoví José J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAir pollution and greenhouse emissions are significant problems across various sectors, urging the need for advanced technologies to detect and capture harmful gases. In recent years, two‐dimensional (2D) materials have attracted increasing attention due to their large surface‐to‐volume ratio and reactivity. Herein, we investigate the potential of single‐layer CrSBr for gas sensing and capturing by means of first‐principles calculations. We explore the adsorption behaviour of different pollutant gases (H2S, NH3, NO, NO2, CO and CO2) on this 2D ferromagnet and the impact of intrinsic defects on its magnetic properties. Interestingly, we find that Br vacancies enhance the adsorption of NH3, NO and NO2 and induce a selective frequency shift on the magnon dispersion. This work motivates the creation of novel magnonic gas sensing devices based on 2D van der Waals magnetic materials.
Design and Synthesis of Novel β‐Carboline‐Bisindole Hybrids as Potential Anticancer Agents
Authors: Huyen Nguyen Thi Thanh , Phuc Ban Van , Huyen Tran Thi , Hong Tran Thi , Nguyen Hien , Nguyen Van Ha , Nguyen Minh Tho , Hung Tran Quang , Dinh Chau Phi , Dang Tuan Thanh 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe are reporting a short and convenient pathway for the synthesis of novel β‐carboline‐bisindole hybrid compounds from relatively cheap and commercially available chemicals such as tryptamine, dialdehydes and indoles. These newly designed compounds can also be prepared in high yields with the tolerance of many functional groups under mild conditions. Notably, these β‐carboline‐bisindole hybrid compounds exhibited some promising applications as anticancer agents against the three common cancer cell lines MCF‐7 (breast cancer), SK‐LU‐1 (lung cancer), and HepG2 (liver cancer). The two best compounds 5 b and 5 g inhibited the aforementioned cell lines with the same IC50 range of the reference Ellipticine at less than 2 μM. A molecular docking study to gain more information about the interactions between the synthesized molecules and the kinase domain of the EGFR was performed. Therefore, this finding can have significant impacts on the development of future research in medicinal chemistry and drug discovery.
Pharmacokinetics and Bioequivalence of Vardenafil Hydrochloride in Healthy Chinese Volunteers
Authors: He Sheng , Wu Xinyi , Zhang Wanggang , Wang Keli , Chen Yu , Zheng Zhibo , Zhang Ting , Chen Lili , Duan Qingqing , He Dongyuan , Wu Binbin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractVardenafil hydrochloride tablet is an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase type 5, primarily for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. This postprandial study evaluated the pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence of the test and reference formulations of vardenafil hydrochloride tablets in healthy Chinese volunteers. An open, randomized, single‐center, single‐dose, 2‐period, 2‐sequence bioequivalence test was conducted on 66 healthy subjects under fed conditions. Subjects were randomly assigned to a 20‐mg test or reference formulation with a 7‐day washout period. Venous blood samples (4 mL) were collected from each subject 25 times spanning predose (0 hour) to 24 hours after dosing. The plasma concentration of vardenafil was determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry. Sixty‐two volunteers completed the study. Under fed conditions, the maximum plasma concentration was 29.1 ng/mL, the area under the concentration–time curve (AUC) from time 0 to the time of the last measurable concentration was 85.3 ng•h/mL, and AUC from time 0 to infinity was 87.1 ng•h/mL. The 90% confidence intervals of the geometric mean ratio of AUC time 0 to the time of the last measurable concentration and AUC from time 0 to infinity were within the bioequivalence acceptance range of 0.80‐1.25. The test formulation was a bioequivalent alternative to the reference formulation when taken under fed conditions in healthy Chinese subjects.