bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Iatrogenic False Aneurysms. A Rare Complication of Hip Surgery
Authors: Garrido-Gómez Juan , Garrido-Gómez Maria N. , Arrabal-Polo Miguel A. , Garrido-Pareja Fermin , Linares-Palomino Jose P. 
Published: July 2012

The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of arterial false aneurysms following hip surgery diagnosed and treated in our hospital between January 1995 and January 2010. We conducted a retrospective analysis of all patients undergoing hip surgery (osteosynthesis, hemi-arthroplasty, total arthroplasty, or revision arthroplasty) under our care. To determine the incidence of arterial false aneurysm, we identified patients with abnormal bleeding through the surgical wound postoperatively. Out of the 11,839 patients undergoing hip surgery during the study period, 321 had abnormal bleeding that aroused suspicion of an associated vascular lesion. Among these, the presence of a false aneurysm requiring specific treatment was confirmed in eight patients. False aneurysms are a rare and occasionally severe complication of hip surgery that typically manifest with significant haemorrhage during the postoperative period. The management of these lesions by interventional radiology is associated with few complications and permits rapid patient stabilisation and early recovery, avoiding more aggressive and sometimes fruitless surgical exploration.
Impedimetric characterization of human blood using three-electrode based ECIS devices
Authors: Pradhan Rangadhar , Mitra Analava , Das Soumen 
Published: July 2012

Abstract
In this study, three-electrode based electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) devices were used to study the electrical properties of blood and its constituents using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The three-electrode based ECIS devices were fabricated by using micromachining technology with varying sizes for working, reference and counter electrodes. The blood and its constituents such as serum, plasma, and red blood cells (RBCs) were prepared by conventional methods and stored for impedance measurement using fabricated microdevices. Equivalent circuits for blood, serum, plasma and RBCs were proposed using the software package ZSimpWin to validate the experimental data. The proposed equivalent circuit models of blood and its components have excellent agreement up to a frequency of 1 MHz. It is evident from the experimental results that blood and its components have specific impedance signatures that decrease with the increase of frequency. Blood shows higher impedance than the other samples in the lower frequency range (<50 kHz). It was also found that above 50 kHz, the impedance value of RBCs is nearly the same as whole blood. The impedance of serum and plasma steadily decreases with the increase of frequency up to 100 kHz and flattens out after that. The minimum impedance value achieved for serum and plasma is much less than the value obtained for whole blood.
Public Library Computer Waiting Queues: Alternatives to the First-Come-First-Served Strategy
Authors: Williamson Stuart 
Published: July 2012

This paper summarizes the results of a simulation of alternative queuing strategies for a public library computer sign-up system. Using computer usage data gathered from a public library, the performance of these various queuing strategies is compared in terms of the distribution of user wait times. The consequences of partitioning a pool of public computers are illustrated as are the potential benefits of prioritizing users in the waiting queue according to the amount of computer time they desire.
Multifunctional Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Cancer‐Targeted and Controlled Drug Delivery
Authors: Zhang Quan , Liu Fang , Nguyen Kim Truc , Ma Xing , Wang Xiaojun , Xing Bengang , Zhao Yanli 
Published: July 2012

AbstractMultifunctional mesoporous silica nanoparticles are developed in order to deliver anticancer drugs to specific cancer cells in a targeted and controlled manner. The nanoparticle surface is functionalized with amino‐β‐cyclodextrin rings bridged by cleavable disulfide bonds, blocking drugs inside the mesopores of the nanoparticles. Poly(ethylene glycol) polymers, functionalized with an adamantane unit at one end and a folate unit at the other end, are immobilized onto the nanoparticle surface through strong β‐cyclodextrin/adamantane complexation. The non‐cytotoxic nanoparticles containing the folate targeting units are efficiently trapped by folate‐receptor‐rich HeLa cancer cells through receptormmediated endocytosis, while folate‐receptor‐poor human embryonic kidney 293 normal cells show much lower endocytosis towards nanoparticles under the same conditions. The nanoparticles endocytosed by the cancer cells can release loaded doxorubicin into the cells triggered by acidic endosomal pH. After the nanoparticles escape from the endosome and enter into the cytoplasm of cancer cells, the high concentration of glutathione in the cytoplasm can lead to the removal of the β‐cyclodextrin capping rings by cleaving the pre‐installed disulfide bonds, further promoting the release of doxorubicin from the drug carriers. The high drug‐delivery efficacy of the multifunctional nanoparticles is attributed to the co‐operative effects of folate‐mediated targeting and stimuli‐triggered drug release. The present delivery system capable of delivering drugs in a targeted and controlled manner provides a novel platform for the next generation of therapeutics.
Solution‐Processed, Alkali Metal‐Salt‐Doped, Electron‐Transport Layers for High‐Performance Phosphorescent Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Earmme Taeshik , Jenekhe Samson A. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractHigh‐performance, blue, phosphorescent organic light‐emitting diodes (PhOLEDs) are achieved by orthogonal solution‐processing of small‐molecule electron‐transport material doped with an alkali metal salt, including cesium carbonate (Cs2CO3) or lithium carbonate (Li2CO3). Blue PhOLEDs with solution‐processed 4,7‐diphenyl‐1,10‐phenanthroline (BPhen) electron‐transport layer (ETL) doped with Cs2CO3 show a luminous efficiency (LE) of 35.1 cd A−1 with an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 17.9%, which are two‐fold higher efficiency than a BPhen ETL without a dopant. These solution‐processed blue PhOLEDs are much superior compared to devices with vacuum‐deposited BPhen ETL/alkali metal salt cathode interfacial layer. Blue PhOLEDs with solution‐processed 1,3,5‐tris(m‐pyrid‐3‐yl‐phenyl)benzene (TmPyPB) ETL doped with Cs2CO3 have a luminous efficiency of 37.7 cd A−1 with an EQE of 19.0%, which is the best performance observed to date in all‐solution‐processed blue PhOLEDs. The results show that a small‐molecule ETL doped with alkali metal salt can be realized by solution‐processing to enhance overall device performance. The solution‐processed metal salt‐doped ETLs exhibit a unique rough surface morphology that facilitates enhanced charge‐injection and transport in the devices. These results demonstrate that orthogonal solution‐processing of metal salt‐doped electron‐transport materials is a promising strategy for applications in various solution‐processed multilayered organic electronic devices.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Structural Modeling of High‐Capacity, Dual Functioning MnO2 Electrode/Electrocatalysts for Li‐O2 Cells
Authors: Trahey Lynn , Karan Naba K. , Chan Maria K. Y. , Lu Jun , Ren Yang , Greeley Jeffrey , Balasubramanian Mahalingam , Burrell Anthony K. , Curtiss Larry A. , Thackeray Michael M. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractIt has become clear that cycling lithium‐oxygen cells in carbonate electrolytes is impractical, as electrolyte decomposition, triggered by oxygen reduction products, dominates the cell chemistry. This research shows that employing an α‐MnO2/ramsdellite‐MnO2 electrode/electrocatalyst results in the formation of lithium‐oxide‐like discharge products in propylene carbonate, which has been reported to be extremely susceptible to decomposition. X‐ray photoelectron data have shown that what are likely lithium oxides (Li2O2 and Li2O) appear to form and decompose on the air electrode surface, particularly at the MnO2 surface, while Li2CO3 is also formed. By contrast, cells without α‐MnO2/ramsdellite‐MnO2 fail rapidly in electrochemical cycling, likely due to the differences in the discharge product. Relatively high electrode capacities, up to 5000 mAh/g (carbon + electrode/electrocatalyst), have been achieved with non‐optimized air electrodes. Insights into reversible insertion reactions of lithium, lithium peroxide (Li2O2) and lithium oxide (Li2O) in the tunnels of α‐MnO2, and the reaction of lithium with ramsdellite‐MnO2, as determined by first principles density functional theory calculations, are used to provide a possible explanation for some of the observed results. It is speculated that a Li2O‐stabilized and partially‐lithiated electrode component, 0.15Li2O·α‐LixMnO2, that has Mn4+/3+ character may facilitate the Li2O2/Li2O discharge/charge chemistries providing dual electrode/electrocatalyst functionality.
The Impact of the New York State Milk Price Gouging Law on the Price Transmission Process and Supermarket Pricing Strategies in the Fluid Whole Milk Market
Authors: Bolotova Yuliya V. , Novakovic Andrew M. 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTThe study analyzes the effect of the New York State Milk Price Gouging Law 200% rule (June 1991–October 2008) on the nature of Class I milk price transmission and supermarket pricing strategies in the fluid whole milk market. This rule established that retail prices of fluid milk products higher than 200% of the Class I milk prices were unconscionably excessive. There is empirical evidence suggesting that supermarket whole milk pricing strategies and the nature of Class I milk price transmission tend to be different in the law period as compared to the period prior to the MPGL enforcement. During the pre‐law period, supermarkets used retail price stabilization practice characterized by an incomplete and asymmetric price transmission. During the law period, supermarkets used marketing margin stabilization practice characterized by more than a complete and a much more symmetric price transmission. The institutional environment affected by the interaction of the analyzed regulatory mechanism and the changes taking place in the economic environment (increasing Class I milk price volatility and increasing concentration in the fluid milk processing and supermarket retailing) was likely to cause the observed changes in the supermarket whole milk pricing strategy and Class I milk price transmission process. [EconLit classifications: C33, C34, D12]. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Abelian dark matter models for 511 keV γ rays and direct detection
Authors: Cline J.M. , Frey A.R. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe authors construct a simple U(1) hidden sector model of metastable dark matter that could explain excess 511 keV gamma rays from the galactic center as observed by INTEGRAL, through inelastic scattering of dark matter followed by its decay. Although the model is highly constrained, it naturally accommodates dark matter with mass and cross section in the range suggested by the CoGeNT and CRESST experiments. The dark gauge boson that mediates the interactions with standard model matter has a mass of several hundred MeV, and might be discovered by heavy photon detection experiments, including APEX, MAMI and HPS.
Characterization and bioactivity evaluation of (starch/N‐vinylpyrrolidone)—hydroxyapatite nanocomposite hydrogels for bone tissue regeneration
Authors: Raafat Amany I. , Saad Eldin Aisha A. , Salama Aida A. , Ali Nashwa S. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractHydrogel series composed of starch/N‐vinylpyrrolidone (starch/NVP) have been synthesized by means of γ‐radiation‐induced graft copolymerization and crosslinking process. Optimization of the preparation conditions was achieved to ensure the highest gelation degree. The produced hydrogels were characterized using fourier transform spectroscopy, as well as by studying their swelling behavior. In situdeposition of hydroxyapatite (HAp) was achieved via alternate soaking technique. The developed nanocomposites nHAp‐(starch/NVP) were characterized using energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy. Mechanical study revealed that the compressive strength of the composites increased initially after the first cycle of deposition, then it decreased gradually by increasing the number of the deposition cycles. In vitro bioactivity and blood compatibility evaluation of the obtained nanocomposites indicated that these nanocomposites were both bioactive and biocompatible. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Modeling the hyperviscoelastic behavior of a tire tread compound reinforced by silica and carbon black
Authors: Ghoreishy Mir Hamid Reza , Alimardani Mohammad , Mehrabian Ramin Zafar , Gangali Saeed Taghvaei 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThis research study was devoted to the modeling of the mechanical behavior of three carbon black/silica natural rubber/butadiene rubber (NR/BR) compounds under a tensile load. These compounds were prepared on a two‐roll mill, and the tensile testes were carried out on a dumbbell‐shaped specimen and three rubber‐strip specimens with different widths. Heat buildup tests were also performed, and the temperature rise was determined. The time‐independent behavior of the rubber was described by traditional hyperelastic models, including those of Marlow and Yeoh. The viscoelastic behavior was studied with two linear (Prony series) and nonlinear [Bergstrom–Boyce (BB)] models. A previously developed methodology by the authors, which was based on the finite element modeling of the tension of the rubber strips, was used to determine the parameters of the mentioned equations. It was shown that neglecting the viscoelasticity would have given rise to large errors in predicting the mechanical deformation in the rubbers. However, the linear viscoelastic model failed to predict the correct behavior at a large strain, particularly for wider samples. On the other hand, not only could the combination of the Yeoh hyperelastic model with the BB equation describe the mechanical behavior at low to medium strains, but also the large strains were taken into consideration. Both the linear and nonlinear hyperviscoelastic models accurately described the hysteresis in rubbers, and this could be used for the evaluation of the rolling resistance in tires. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Dual layer structural thermoplastic polyester powder coating film and its weathering resistance
Authors: Takeshita Yukitoshi , Kamisho Takuya , Sakata Seizo , Sawada Takashi , Watanuki Yoshikazu , Nishio Ryuichi , Ueda Toshinobu 
Published: July 2012

AbstractMicro FTIR analysis was performed to the point with a 50–80 μm spatial resolution to verify the exact structure of a new blend thermoplastic powder coating film. Resistance to certain artificially accelerated conditions and actual outdoor exposure were examined to confirm the performance of the film as a protective coating for use in the telecommunication field. The new blend powder coating film consists of primary polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and secondary polyvinyl butyral (PVB) resins, and has a distinct dual phase structure. Specifically, it forms a continuous PVB phase in a surface layer with a thickness of approximately 100–150 μm. Good corrosion resistance was confirmed in artificially accelerated testing using salt water spray, heat cycle, and accelerated UV tests. Actual outdoor exposure in a metropolitan area (Shinkiba in Tokyo) and a coastal area (Miyake Island) revealed good weathering performance throughout the study period. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Effect of fiber surface treatment of poultry feather fibers on the properties of their polymer matrix composites
Authors: Huda M. S. , Schmidt W. F. , Misra M. , Drzal L. T. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThis study develops the enabling technology needed to transform the fibers of poultry feather (FPF), a waste product left over after processing poultry in the food processing industry, as reinforcement filler material for manufacturing composite materials. We successfully fabricated composite materials from biopolymers (polylactide, PLA) and FPF that were produced by the extruder system. FPF‐reinforced polypropylene (PP) composites were also compounded and molded and compared to PLA/FPF composite. The composites were evaluated via thermal and mechanical analysis. To enhance the adhesion between the polymer matrix and the FPF, the FPF have been treated with sodium hydroxide, 10% maleinized polybutadiene rubber, and a silane‐coupling agent. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to analyze the influence of modifications on the properties of fibers and found that the coupling agent was localized at the surface of the fibers. Thermal behavior of pretreated fibers was also studied by thermogravimetric analysis. All treatments clearly enhanced thermal performance of fibers. This enhancement of fiber properties, along with an improvement in fiber/matrix adhesion, led to improvement in the mechanical properties of the composite materials. It was found that the surface‐treated fiber‐reinforced materials offered superior mechanical properties compared to untreated fiber‐reinforced composite materials. Moreover, morphological studies by the scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that better adhesion between the fiber and the matrix was achieved especially for the surface‐treated fiber‐reinforced composite materials. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Influence of sodium bromide additive on polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membranes
Authors: Noor Nur Diana Mohd , Yusof Noordin Mohd , Ahmed Iqbal , Hesampour Mehrdad , Idris Ani 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe effect of sodium bromide (NaBr) on performance and characteristics of ultrafiltration (UF) membranes was studied. Asymmetric UF membranes were prepared by phase inversion technique from a multicomponent dope polymer solution consisting of the polymer; polyethersulfone (PES), solvent; N, N‐dimethylformamide (DMF) and NaBr as micromolecular additive. The dissolution of PES‐DMF‐NaBr was carried out using microwave irradiation technique to induce rapid dissolution through minimal heating time. Various concentrations of NaBr were mixed with PES in the range of 1–5 wt % and its influence on membrane characteristics such as surface hydrophilicity was measured by contact angle and the performance in terms of water flux and rejection rates were evaluated using micromolecular test substances. The morphology and streaming potential of PES UF membranes were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and ζ‐potential measurement, respectively. Overall, the results suggest that the membrane consisting of 1 wt % NaBr exhibits the best performance in terms of rejection and flux rates with molecular weight cutoff (MWCO) of 45 kDa and mean pore size of 6 nm. The membrane with the 1 wt % addition of NaBr demonstrates most negative charge which indicates less fouling characteristics and displays approximately three times higher permeation. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Dynamic mechanical properties of polystyrene‐co‐styrenesulfonic acid copolymers neutralized with aliphatic diamines
Authors: Luqman Mohammad , Ko Kwang‐Hwan , Kim Joon‐Seop , Shin Kwanwoo 
Published: July 2012

AbstractIn this article, we reported the effects of the addition of various aliphatic diamines (ADAs) on the dynamic mechanical properties of poly(styrene‐co‐styrenesulfonic acid) copolymers. It was found that the ionic modulus decreased with increasing chain length of ADAs but increased for the ADA12‐containing ionomers. Upon the neutralization of the copolymers with ADAs, a minor change in the size and position of the matrix loss tangent peak was observed. However, the position of the cluster loss tangent peaks shifted to lower temperatures, and the shift rate depended on the chain length of ADAs. Thus, it was suggested that the ADAs acted mainly as preferential plasticizer for the cluster regions. In addition, the effect of the amount of ADA on the difference between the matrix and cluster temperatures of the ionomers was strongest than that of the type of ADA or ion content. The X‐ray peak of ADA12 suggested that the ADA12 acted both as plasticizer and as filler. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Conformational Equilibrium and its Influence on the Dielectric and Thermodynamic Behaviour of Cyclohexane, or Benzene + 1,2‐Dibromoethane
Authors: Perez Fascual , Florian Asuncion , Lazaro Ana , Gracia Mariano , Losa Celso Gutierrez , Valero Jose 
Published: July 2012

AbstractStatic permittivities (ϵ), excess enthalpies (HE), and excess volumes (VE) of Cyclohexane or Benzene + 1,2‐Dibromoethane, and the densities and refractive indices of the pure components, at 288.15, 298.15, 308.15 and 308.15 K, were measured. The dielectric measurements allowed the study of the conformational equilibrium and the calculation of the equilibrium constant and the conformational enthalpy. We have found that HE is practically independent of T in the range studied by us, and an explanation of this result is proposed. The influence of the temperature on VE is small and negative. HE and VE data were correlated in terms of Flory‐Patterson's theory.
Prediction of Gas Solubilities by a Modified UNIFAC‐Equation
Authors: Nocon G. , Weidlich U. , Gmehling J. , Onken U. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe design of absorption processes requires the knowledge of gas solubility data. Because experimental data are often not available, an estimation method must be used. Various methods for the prediction of gas solubilities have been published in the literature. It is shown that none of the described methods provides satisfactory prediction results. Therefore a new method – the modified UNIFAC method – is proposed. This modification of the UNIFAC method takes into account free volume effects. The method has been used successfully for the estimation of carbon dioxide, methane, oxygen and ethylene solubilities in aliphatic hydrocarbons and alcohols at 1 atm.
Relations between Velocity Correlation Coefficients and Phenomenological Transport Coefficients in Multicomponent Mixtures
Authors: Schönert H. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBy introducing the concept of tracer transport into the equations of thermodynamics of irreversible processes it is possible to link unequivocally the phenomenological transport coefficients of irreversible thermodynamics to the velocity correlation coefficients of the linear response theory. The equations derived are valid for neutral and/or ionic constituents or species.
An Improved Formula for the Partition Function of a Single Free Internal Rotation and Its Consequences Regarding Evaluation of Thermodynamic Functions
Authors: Slanina Zdenêk 
Published: July 2012

AbstractConventional partition function of free internal rotation shows incorrect limit behaviour for low temperatures and small values of reduced moment of inertia. Consequences of transition to the new formula with correct limit behaviour regarding calculations of thermodynamic functions have been studied for CH3NO2, C6H5NH+, C6H5, – C6H5, CIF, HF · HF CIF, CF3H · OH2, CCl3H · OH2 · C3H6 OH2, (H2)2, and (H2O)2. In the case of association of HF and CIF the thermodynamic characteristics of the overall process have also been recalculated in the terms of the newly suggested approach. It has been shown that application of the new formula can cause substantial changes in H and S values in the region of not only low but also moderate temperatures. Corrections of values of the thermodynamic characteristics which are required by this improved procedure can be more significant than or comparable with the values of corrections with respect to deviations from behaviour of rigid rotator or harmonic oscillator. As a side product the study points out a number of numerical errors and non‐reproducibilities of the earlier reported values based on the conventional formula.