bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A HTS Assay for the Detection of Organophosphorus Nerve Agent Scavengers
Authors: Louise‐Leriche Ludivine , Pǎunescu Emilia , Saint‐André Géraldine , Baati Rachid , Romieu Anthony , Wagner Alain , Renard Pierre‐Yves 
Published: February 2010

AbstractA new pro‐fluorescent probe aimed at a HTS assay of scavengers is able to selectively and efficiently cleave the PS bond of organophosphorus nerve agents and by this provides non‐toxic phosphonic acid has been designed and synthesised. The previously described pro‐fluorescent probes were based on a conventional activated POaryl bond cleavage, whereas our approach uses a self‐immolative linker strategy that allows the detection of phosphonothioase activity with respect to a non‐activated PSalkyl bond. Further, we have also developed and optimised a high‐throughput screening assay for the selection of decontaminants (chemical or biochemical scavengers) that could efficiently hydrolyse highly toxic V‐type nerve agents. A preliminary screening, realised on a small α‐nucleophile library, allowed us to identify some preliminary “hits”, among which pyridinealdoximes, α‐oxo oximes, hydroxamic acids and, less active but more original, amidoximes were the most promising. Their selective phosphonothioase activity has been further confirmed by using PhX as the substrate, and thus they offer new perspectives for the synthesis of more potent V nerve agent scavengers.
Self‐Assembly of Calix[6]arene–Diazapyrenium Pseudorotaxanes: Interplay of Molecular Recognition and Ion‐Pairing Effects
Authors: Semeraro Monica , Arduini Arturo , Baroncini Massimo , Battelli Raffaella , Credi Alberto , Venturi Margherita , Pochini Andrea , Secchi Andrea , Silvi Serena 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe calix[6]arene wheel CX forms pseudorotaxane species with the diazapyrenium‐based axle 1⋅2PF6 in CH2Cl2 solution. The macrocyclic component is a heteroditopic receptor, which can complex the electron‐acceptor moiety of the axle inside its cavity and the counterions with the ureidic groups on the upper rim. The self‐assembled supramolecular species is a complex structure, which involves three components—the wheel, the axle and its counterions—that can mutually interact and affect. The stoichiometry of the resulting supramolecular complex depends on the nature and concentration of the counterions. Namely, it is observed that in dilute solution and with low‐coordinating anions the axle takes two wheels, whereas with highly coordinating anions or in concentrated solutions the complex has a 1:1 stoichiometry.
Direct asymmetric Michael addition of thioether‐based aryl sulfanyl‐propan‐2‐one to nitroalkenes catalyzed by a chiral amine‐thiourea bifunctional organocatalyst
Authors: Jiang Xianxing , Zhang Bangzhi , Zhang Yifu , Lin Li , Yan Wenjin , Wang Rui 
Published: February 2010

AbstractAlthough the organocatalytic direct asymmetric Michael reactions of carbonyl compounds to nitroalkenes have been investigated intensely, the Michael reaction of the thioether‐based donors remains a rather undeveloped field. This work concerns the asymmetric Michael addition of aryl sulfanyl‐propan‐2‐one to nitroalkenes with benzoic acid as an additive, and chiral amine‐thiourea as a bifunctional organocatalyst. The reactions provided the highly functionalized chiral adducts with excellent enantioselectivities (up to 96% ee) and good yields. Moreover, the further transformed products exhibited excellent diastereoselectivity. Chirality, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A practical and efficient method for the resolution of 3‐phospholene 1‐oxides via coordination complex formation1
Authors: Ujj Viktória , Bagi Péter , Schindler József , Madarász János , Fogassy Elemér , Keglevich György 
Published: February 2010

AbstractA simple, efficient, and economical method based on the combination of the exceptional behavior of o,o′‐dibenzoyl‐ or o,o′‐di‐p‐toluyl‐(2R,3R)‐tartaric acid in chiral recognition processes, and the coordination ability of calcium or magnesium ion was developed for the resolution of phospholene oxides 1. The calcium or magnesium salt of (−)‐o,o′‐dibenzoyl‐(2R,3R)‐tartaric acid 2,4‐6 or calcium hydrogen (−)‐o,o′‐di‐p‐toluyl‐(2R,3R)‐tartrate 3 may form crystalline diastereomeric coordination complexes with the appropriate antipode of substituted 3‐phospholene oxides 1 that makes possible efficient resolutions. Optically active phospholene oxides 1 were prepared directly by simply crystallization and digestion of the corresponding diastereomeric complexes so formed. Thermal behavior of the crystalline diastereomeric complexes was studied by simultaneous TG/DTA. The novel method may be of more general value in respect of the resolution of tertiary phosphine oxides. Chirality, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Chiral discrimination in diastereomeric salts of chlorine‐substituted mandelic acid and phenylethylamine
Authors: He Quan , Gomaa Hassan , Rohani Sohrab , Zhu Jesse , Jennings Michael 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe crystal structures of diastereomeric salts of chloromandelic acid and phenylethylamine were determined and are presented herein. The structure comparison between less soluble salts and more soluble salts shows that weak interactions such as CH/π interactions and van der Waals gain importance and contribute to chiral recognition when the hydrogen bonding patterns are very similar. Chirality, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Enantioselective synthesis and antioxidant activity of 3‐(3,4‐dihydroxyphenyl)‐glyceric acid—Basic monomeric moiety of a biologically active polyether from Symphytum asperum and S. caucasicum
Authors: Merlani Maia , Barbakadze Vakhtang , Amiranashvili Lela , Gogilashvili Lali , Yannakopoulou Elina , Papadopoulos Kyriakos , Chankvetadze Bezhan 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe racemic and enantioselective synthesis of a novel glyceric acid derivative, namely, 2,3‐dihydroxy‐3‐(3,4‐dihydroxyphenyl)‐propionic acid as well as the antioxidant activities is described. The virtually pure enantiomers, (+)‐(2R,3S)‐2,3‐dihydroxy‐3‐(3,4‐dihydroxyphenyl)‐propionic acid and (−)‐(2S,3R)‐2,3‐dihydroxy‐3‐(3,4‐dihydroxyphenyl)‐propionic acid were synthesized for the first time via Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation of trans‐caffeic acid derivatives using the enantiocomplementary catalysts, (DHQD)2‐PHAL and (DHQ)2‐PHAL. The determination of enantiomeric purity of the novel chiral glyceric acid derivatives was performed by high‐performance liquid chromatographic techniques on the stage of their alkylated precursors. The novel glyceric acid derivatives show strong antioxidant activity against hypochlorite and N,N‐diphenyl‐N‐picryl‐hydrazyl free radical. Their antioxidant activity is about 40‐fold higher than that of the corresponding natural polyether and three‐fold higher of trans‐caffeic acid itself. Chirality, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Determination of the absolute configurations of synthetic daunorubicin analogues using vibrational circular dichroism spectroscopy and density functional theory
Authors: Yang Guochun , Tran Ha , Fan Eric , Shi Wei , Lowary Todd L. , Xu Yunjie 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe absolute configurations of three synthesized anthracycline analogues have been determined using vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectroscopy and the density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The experimental VCD spectra of the three compounds have been measured for the first time in the film state, prepared from their CDCl3 solutions. Conformational searches for the monomers and some dimers of the three compounds have been performed at the DFT level using the B3LYP functional and the 6‐311G** and 6‐311++G** basis sets. The corresponding vibrational absorption and VCD spectra have been calculated. The good agreement between the experimental and the calculated spectra allows one to assign the absolute configurations of the three compounds with high confidence. In addition, the dominant conformers of the three compounds have also been identified. Chirality, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Chemielehrerfortbildung im europäischen Rahmen. CITIES
Authors: Gros Leo , Bader Hans Joachim 
Published: February 2010

AbstractPartner aus mehreren europäischen Ländern haben gemeinsam im COMENIUS‐Projekt CITIES erstmalig in mehreren Sprachen (Deutsch, Englisch, Polnisch, Tschechisch und Spanisch, mit Einführungen in Estnisch, Porugiesisch und Türkisch) vorliegendes Fortbildungsmaterial für Chemielehrer entwickelt. Es berücksichtigt Spezifika einzelner Länder, nimmt aber eine gesamteuropäische Perspektive ein. Informationen zur Chemie in Europa aus der Sicht von Politik und Wirtschaft zeigen den Rahmen, in dem die “chemical community” arbeitet. Eine strukturierte Reihe von Lehr‐ und Lernmaterialien soll helfen, Interesse und Begeisterung von Schülern zu wecken und die Chemie hinter Produkten und Phänomenen des Alltags zu entdecken.
Wasserspaltung durch Komplexchemie
Authors: Jaenicke Lothar 
Published: February 2010

AbstractDer Energiehunger der Menschheit wird nicht abnehmen, wohl aber der irdische Vorrat, aus dem Energie gewonnen werden kann. Dagegen wird man sich auf die Sonne und die Lichtenergiewandlungen, die die Natur uns vormacht, noch lange verlassen können. Die meisten Nutzungsvorschläge, von der sich entwickelnden Solarzellentechnologie (Photovoltaik) abgesehen, haben allerdings letzten Endes einen geringen Wirkungsgrad, ob man nun Biodiesel oder Bioalkohol produziert – es konkurriert mit der Nahrung für die wachsende Bevölkerung, und allesfressende, brennstoffproduzierende Mikroorganismen müssen erst gezüchtet werden. Es bleibt das Wunschziel, die Photosynthese für die Energieproduktion ingenieurstechnisch zu verwenden.
The effect of changes in Medicare reimbursement on the practice of office and hospital‐based endoscopic surgery for bladder cancer
Authors: Hemani Micah L. , Makarov Danil V. , Huang William C. , Taneja Samir S. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Procedures performed in the office offer potential cost savings. Recent analyses suggest, however, that a fee‐for‐service system may incentivize subscale operations and, thus, contribute to excessive spending. The authors of this report sought to characterize changes in the practice of office‐based and hospital‐based endoscopic bladder surgery after 2005 increases in Medicare reimbursement.METHODS:All office and hospital‐based endoscopic surgeries that were performed in a faculty practice from 2002 through 2007 were identified using billing codes for procedures, diagnoses, and procedure locations and then analyzed using the chi‐square test and logistic regression. Costs were estimated based on published Medicare reimbursements for office and hospital‐based surgeries.RESULTS:In total, 1341 endoscopic bladder surgeries were performed, including 764 in the office and 577 in the hospital. After 2005, the odds ratio (OR) for office surgery occurring among all cystoscopies and for surgery occurring in the office versus the hospital was 2.01 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.71‐2.37) and 2.29 (95% CI, 1.83‐2.87), respectively. Among all treated lesions that were associated with a diagnosis of bladder cancer and nonbladder cancer, the OR for a procedure occurring in the office versus the hospital was 1.36 (95% CI, 1.07‐1.73) and 1.99 (95% CI, 1.52‐2.60), respectively. The likelihood of repeat surgery on the same lesion increased after 2005 (OR, 2.86; 95% CI, 1.46‐5.62), and the likelihood of an office surgery leading to a bladder cancer diagnosis at the next visit declined (OR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.16‐0.51). The overall estimated expenditure increased by 50%.CONCLUSIONS:After 2005, more bladder lesions were identified and treated in the office. In a single group practice, office treatment of bladder cancer did not fully explain this new practice pattern, suggesting a lowered threshold for office intervention. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Evaluating the ability to detect change of health‐related quality of life in children with Hodgkin disease
Authors: Klaassen Robert J , Krahn Murray , Gaboury Isabelle , Hughes Joanna , Anderson Ronald , Grundy Paul , Ali S. Kaiser , Jardine Lawrence , Abla Oussama , Silva Mariana , Barnard Dorothy , Cappelli Mario 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:We evaluated 4 different health‐related quality of life (HRQL) measures prospectively to determine their ability to detect change over time: the Health Utilities Index Mark 2 and Mark 3, the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) 4.0 Generic Core and Cancer Module, the EuroQol EQ‐5D visual analogue scale (EuroQol), and the Lansky Play‐Performance Scale.METHODS:Children with all stages of Hodgkin disease from 12 centers across Canada were asked to complete the 4 measures at 4 time points: 2 weeks after the first course of chemotherapy, on the third day of the second course of chemotherapy, during the third week of radiation, and 1 year after diagnosis.RESULTS:Fifty‐one patients were enrolled in the study between May 1, 2002 and March 31, 2005. Two patients were excluded: 1 patient died shortly after the first time point and the other patient failed to complete any of the questionnaires. All measures showed a significant change between Time 1 and Time 4 (<0.05). When the change in child scores was analyzed between the time points using the child's self‐reported change in HRQL, the PedsQL and the EuroQol showed significant change at all time points.CONCLUSIONS:All of the measures were able to detect change in a diverse group of children with Hodgkin disease. The PedsQL and the EuroQol appeared to be the most sensitive to change. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
The use of anticoagulants improves biochemical control of localized prostate cancer treated with radiotherapy
Authors: Choe Kevin S. , Correa David , Jani Ashesh B. , Liauw Stanley L. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Substantial experimental evidence suggests that anticoagulants (ACs) may inhibit cancer growth and metastasis, although the limited data from clinical trials have been inconsistent. The potential antineoplastic effect of ACs was investigated in patients who received radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer.METHODS:The study cohort consisted of 662 patients with adenocarcinoma of the prostate who received radiotherapy (RT) with curative intent. Among those 622 men, 243 (37%) were receiving ACs (warfarin, clopidogrel, and/or aspirin). All patients received external‐beam RT, permanent seed implantation, or a combination of both. Prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) values were monitored for biochemical control of disease.RESULTS:At a median follow‐up of 49 months, the biochemical control rate at 4‐years was significantly better in patients who received ACs at 91% compared with 78% in patients who did not receive ACs (P = .0002). The distant metastasis rate at 4 years also was reduced in the AC group compared with the non‐AC group (1% vs 5%; P = .0248). In subgroup analysis, the improvement in biochemical control was significant only for patients with high‐risk disease. Along with Gleason score, T classification, and initial PSA, the use of AC therapy was associated independently with improved biochemical control in multivariate analysis.CONCLUSIONS:AC therapy was associated with an improvement in biochemical control in patients with prostate cancer who received RT with curative intent. The effect was most prominent in patients who had high‐risk disease. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
The impact of breast reconstruction on the delivery of chemotherapy
Authors: Alderman Amy K. , Collins E. Dale , Schott Anne , Hughes Melissa E. , Ottesen Rebecca A. , Theriault Richard L. , Wong Yu‐Ning , Weeks Jane C. , Niland Joyce C. , Edge Stephen B. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of postmastectomy breast reconstruction on the timing of chemotherapy.METHODS:The authors included stage I‐III breast cancer patients from 8 National Comprehensive Cancer Network institutions for whom guidelines recommended chemotherapy. Surgery type was categorized as breast‐conserving surgery (BCS), mastectomy alone, mastectomy with immediate reconstruction (M + IR), or mastectomy with delayed reconstruction (M + DR). A Cox regression analysis was used to assess the association between surgery type and timing of chemotherapy initiation.RESULTS:Of the 3643 patients, only 5.1% received it ≥8 weeks from surgery. In the multivariate analysis, higher stage, Caucasian and Hispanic race/ethnicity, lower body mass index, and absence of comorbid conditions were all significantly associated with earlier time to chemotherapy. There was also significant interaction among age, surgery, and chemotherapy delivery. Among women <60, time to chemotherapy was shorter for all surgery types compared with M + IR (statistical significant for all surgery types in the youngest age group and for BCS in women 40 to <50 years old). In contrast, among women ≥60, time to chemotherapy was shorter among women receiving M + IR or M + DR compared with those undergoing BCS or mastectomy alone, a difference that was statistically significant for the M + IR versus BCS comparison.CONCLUSIONS:Immediate postmastectomy breast reconstruction does not appear to lead to omission of chemotherapy, but it is associated with a modest, but statistically significant, delay in initiating treatment. For most, it is unlikely that this delay has any clinical significance. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Progress for resectable cancer?
Authors: Simons Jessica P. , Ng Sing Chau , McDade Theodore P. , Zhou Zheng , Earle Craig C. , Tseng Jennifer F. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is a deadly disease; however, recent studies have suggested improved outcomes in patients with locoregional cancer. Progress was evaluated at a national level in resected patients, as measured by the proportion who received guideline‐directed treatment and trends in survival.METHODS:The linked Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results and Medicare databases were queried to identify resections for pancreatic adenocarcinoma performed between 1991 and 2002. Receipt and timing of chemotherapy and radiation with respect to time‐trend were assessed. Using logistic regression, factors associated with adjuvant combination chemoradiotherapy were identified. Kaplan‐Meier curves stratified by year and treatment were used to assess survival.RESULTS:Of the 1910 patients, 47.9% (n = 915) received some form of adjuvant therapy within the first 6 months postoperatively; 34.4% (n = 658) received combination chemoradiotherapy (chemoRT). ChemoRT demonstrated a significant increase, from 29.2% to 37.5% (P < .0001). Neoadjuvant therapy was used in 5.7% (n = 108) of patients; no trend was observed during the study (P = .1275). The in‐hospital mortality rate was 8.0% (n = 153 patients); no significant trend was noted (P = .3116). Kaplan‐Meier survival, stratified by year group of diagnosis, did not change significantly over time (log‐rank test, P = .4381), even with comparisons of the first 3 years with the last 3 years of the study (log‐rank test, P = .3579).CONCLUSIONS:Adherence to guideline‐directed care isimproving in the United States; however, the pace is slow, and overall survival has yet to be impacted significantly. Both increased use of adjuvant therapy and the development of more promising systemic treatments are necessary to improve survival for patients with resectable pancreatic cancer. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Racial and insurance disparities in the receipt of transplant among patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Yu Jeanette C. , Neugut Alfred I. , Wang Shuang , Jacobson Judith S. , Ferrante Lauren , Khungar Vandana , Lim Emerson , Hershman Dawn L. , Brown Robert S. , Siegel Abby B. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have a poor prognosis if their tumors are not diagnosed early. The authors investigated factors associated with the receipt of liver transplant among patients with HCC and evaluated the effects of these differences on survival.METHODS:The authors reviewed records from consecutive patients diagnosed with HCC at Columbia University Medical Center from January 1, 2002 to September 1, 2008. We compared patient clinical and demographic characteristics, developed a multivariable logistic regression model of predictors of transplant, and used a Cox model to analyze predictors of mortality.RESULTS:Of 462 HCC patients, 175 (38%) received a transplant. Black patients were much less likely than whites to receive a transplant (odds ratio [OR], 0.03; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.0‐0.37). Hispanics and Asians were also less likely to undergo transplantation, but the differences were not statistically significant. Patients with private insurance were more likely to receive a transplant than those with Medicaid (odds ratio [OR], 22.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.67‐182.34). Black and Hispanic patients, and Medicaid recipients, presented with more advanced disease than whites and privately insured patients, and had poorer survival. In a Cox model, those who did not receive a transplant were 3 times as likely as transplant recipients to die, but race and insurance were not independently predictive of mortality.CONCLUSIONS:Race and insurance status were strongly associated with receipt of transplantation and with more advanced disease at diagnosis, but transplantation was the most important determinant of survival. Improved access to care for nonwhite and Medicaid patients may allow more patients to benefit from transplant. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Killing tumor cells through their surface β2‐microglobulin or major histocompatibility complex class I molecules
Authors: Yang Jing , Yi Qing 
Published: February 2010

AbstractTargeted antibody‐based therapy has been used successfully to treat cancers. Recent studies have demonstrated that tumor cells treated with antibodies specific for β2‐microglobulin (β2M) or major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules undergo apoptosis in vitro and in vivo (mouse models). Antibodies against β2M or MHC class I induce tumor cell apoptosis by 1) recruiting MHC class I molecules to lipid rafts and activating LYN kinase and the signal‐transducing enzyme phospholipase C‐γ2‐dependent c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase signaling pathway and 2) expelling interleukin 6 and insulin‐like growth factor 1 receptors out of lipid rafts and inhibiting the growth and survival factor‐induced activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase/Akt and extracellular signal‐related kinase pathways. Consequently, mitochondrial integrity is compromised, and the caspase‐9‐dependent cascade is activated in treated tumor cells. However, although β2M and MHC class I are expressed on normal hematopoietic cells, which is a potential safety concern, the monoclonal antibodies were selective to tumor cells and did not damage normal cells in vitro or in human‐like mouse models. These findings suggest that targeting β2M or MHC class I by using antibodies or other agents offers a potential therapeutic approach for β2M/MHC class I‐expressing malignancies. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.