bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Statins and hemoperfusion improve 28-day survival in septic shock patients
Authors: Nakamura Tsukasa , Sato Eiichi , Fujiwara Nobuharu , Kawagoe Yasuhiro , Maeda Sayaka , Inoue Hiroyoshi , Yamagishi Sho-ichi 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
Uncontrolled inflammation and endotoxin play a central role in septic shock. Statins may possess anti-inflammatory properties, and removal of endotoxin by hemoperfusion with polymyxin B-immobilized fiber (PMX-F) could have favorable effects on sepsis. We examined retrospectively whether pre-existing statin and hemoperfusion with PMX-F at the time of admission were separately and independently associated with decreased overall 28-day mortality in septic shock patients. Consecutive 173 patients with septic shock (71.2±10.7 years old, 115 male and 58 female) were included in the present study. All patients underwent a complete history and physical examination, determination of blood chemistries. Multiple stepwise regression analysis revealed that albumin, creatinine (inversely), statin use, hemoperfusion with PMX-F and HDL-cholesterol were independently correlated to 28-day survival in septic shock patients (R2=0.464). Our present study suggests that pre-existing statin use and hemoperfusion with PMX-F may separately and independently contribute to blunt the process of septic shock.
Synovial sarcoma of carotid space
Authors: Krstic Viktor , Milosavljevic Milos , Mitrovic Slobodanka , Azanjac Goran , Knezevic Milan , Konstantinovic Vitomir , Nedovic Jasmina 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
Synovial sarcomas are malignant tumors of mesenchymal origin, extremely rarely located in the area of the head and neck. Histologically they can be monophasic, biphasic or poorly differentiated with numerous differential diagnostic dilemmas. A 54-year-old male with synovial sarcoma of the carotid space is presented. The patient refused suggested postoperative radiotherapy and, nine months after the primary surgery, local relapse was verified. Following surgical resection of the local relapse, postoperative radiotherapy treatment was utilized. Ten months after the second surgery, secondary deposits in the lungs were radiographically confirmed, and local recurrence was noticed again. Treatment was continued with symptomatic therapy and eleven months later patient died. Synovial sarcomas of the carotid space are extremely rare, with complex surgical approaches and pathohistological differential diagnostic dilemmas. Diagnosis requires determination of the immunophenotype of the tumor cells, whereas therapy requires an aggressive surgical approach and postoperative radiotherapy.
Sodium nitroprusside, a nitric oxide donor, fails to bypass the block of neuronal differentiation in PC12 cells imposed by a dominant negative Ras protein
Authors: Bátor Judit , Varga Judit , Berta Gergely , Barbakadze Tamar , Mikeladze David , Ramsden Jeremy , Szeberényi József 
Published: April 2012

AbstractNitric oxide (NO) is a mediator of a diverse array of inter- and intracellular signal transduction processes. The aim of the present study was to analyze its possible role as a second messenger in the process of neuronal differentiation of PC12 pheochromocytoma cells. Upon NGF treatment wildtype PC12 cells stop dividing and develop neurites. In contrast, a PC12 subclone (designated M-M17-26) expressing a dominant-negative mutant Ras protein keeps proliferating and fails to grow neurites after NGF treatment. Sodium nitroprusside (SNP), an NO donor, was found to induce the p53 protein and to inhibit proliferation of both PC12 and M-M17-26 cells, but failed to induce neuronal differentiation in these cell lines. Key signaling pathways (the ERK and Akt pathways) were also not affected by SNP treatment, and the phosphorylation of CREB transcription factor was only slightly stimulated. It is thus concluded from the results presented in this paper that NO is unable to activate signaling proteins acting downstream or independent of Ras that are required for neuronal differentiation.
Stabilization of erythrocytes against oxidative and hypotonic stress by tannins isolated from sumac leaves (Rhus typhina L.) and grape seeds (Vitis vinifera L.)
Authors: Olchowik Ewa , Lotkowski Karol , Mavlyanov Saidmukhtar , Abdullajanova Nodira , Ionov Maksim , Bryszewska Maria , Zamaraeva Maria 
Published: April 2012

AbstractErythrocytes are constantly exposed to ROS due to their function in the organism. High tension of oxygen, presence of hemoglobin iron and high concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids in membrane make erythrocytes especially susceptible to oxidative stress. A comparison of the antioxidant activities of polyphenol-rich plant extracts containing hydrolysable tannins from sumac leaves (Rhus typhina L.) and condensed tannins from grape seeds (Vitis vinifera L.) showed that at the 5–50 μg/ml concentration range they reduced to the same extent hemolysis and glutathione, lipid and hemoglobin oxidation induced by erythrocyte treatment with 400 μM ONOO− or 1 mM HClO. However, extract (condensed tannins) from grape seeds in comparison with extract (hydrolysable tannins) from sumac leaves stabilized erythrocytes in hypotonic NaCl solutions weakly. Our data indicate that both hydrolysable and condensed tannins significantly decrease the fluidity of the surface of erythrocyte membranes but the effect of hydrolysable ones was more profound. In conclusion, our results indicate that extracts from sumac leaves (hydrolysable tannins) and grape seeds (condensed tannins) are very effective protectors against oxidative damage in erythrocytes.
Nematicidal effect of chestnut tannin solutions on the potato cyst nematode Globodera rostochiensis (Woll.) Barhens
Authors: Renčo M. , Sasanelli N. , Papajová I. , Maistrello L. 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
Recently, tannins have been reported for their nematicidal activity against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica both in vitro and in pot experiments in addition to a biocidal effect on a wide range of fungi, bacteria and yeasts. However, no information is available on the effect of these polyphenols on plant parasitic cyst nematodes. Therefore, an in vitro and a pot experiments on potato were undertaken to investigate the nematicidal activity of tannin aqueous solutions at different concentrations on the potato cyst nematode Globodera rostochiensis. In the in vitro experiment different tannin concentrations in a geometric scale (from 0.32 to 20.48 g/l) were tested for their effect on the egg hatch of the nematode. All tested tannin concentrations were effective to reduce egg viability from 56 to 87%, in comparison to the untreated control. In the pot experiment, tannins, as aqueous solutions at rates of 100, 250 and 450 g/m2, were applied to soil at two different application times (at sowing and at sowing and two weeks later). All tested doses were effective to reduce the number of cyst/100 g soil, eggs and juveniles/g soil and reproduction rate in comparison to untreated control. The number of eggs and juveniles/cyst was not influenced by the different applied rates of tannins.
Characteristics and potential applications of coarse clay fractions from Puolanka, Finland
Authors: Leiviskä Tiina , Gehör Seppo , Eijärvi Erkki , Sarpola Arja , Tanskanen Juha 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
Characterization of coarse fractions of kaolin clay from two locations in Puolanka (Pihlajavaara and Poskimäki) was performed in order to find potential applications for these materials in water and wastewater treatment as low-cost adsorbents or as a raw material for other uses. The effects of wet and dry fractionation methods and the annealing of the sample on the properties of the coarse fractions were studied. The coarse fractions contained mainly quartz, while the kaolinite content was considered low. The Poskimäki (PM) clay had a higher specific surface area (SSA) and cation exchange capacities (CEC) than the Pihlajavaara (PV) clay due to a higher amount of iron. Annealing (800°C) decreased the SSA and CEC. The fractionation method had only a minor effect on particle size distribution. PV and PM colloidal suspensions had a negative zeta potential at natural pH values. Very small amounts of contained elements (Al, Si, Ca, Mg, K, Cd, Co, Fe, Mn, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb, Ba) were dissolved from samples at natural pH values. PM clay could be utilized in water treatment for example as a raw material in iron oxide-coated sands. For this purpose, the wet fractionated samples had a higher content of iron than the dry fractionated samples.
Gender, Citizenship, and Women's ‘Unskilled’ Labour: The Experience of Filipino Migrant Nurses in Singapore
Authors: Choi Seori , Lyons Lenore 
Published: April 2012

Les cadres juridiques qui régissent le déploiement des migrantes dans les marchés du travail domestique entravent souvent l'accès de ces dernières aux droits à la citoyenneté dans les pays d'accueil. La distinction entre la travailleuse « qualifiée » et « non qualifiée » s'inscrit dans les régimes du travail et de l'immigration qui en revanche déterminent les conditions de travail des migrantes (y compris les salaires, les heures de travail, les jours de congé, etc.), et leur liberté de circulation, leur capacité à se marier et à parrainer les membres de leurs familles, ainsi que leur admissibilité à la résidence permanente et en dernier ressort, à la citoyenneté. Dans le cas de Singapour, l'État tente d'améliorer les compétences de sa main-d'œuvre par l'entremise d'un régime d'immigration qui classe les travailleuses non citoyennes selon leur salaire. À l'aide d'un système à trois niveaux pour admettre des travailleuses non citoyennes, l'État classe les migrantes dans les catégories suivantes : professionnelles (titulaires de titre d'emploi—employment pass), travailleuses à compétence moyenne (titulaires de titre S—S pass) et travailleuses non qualifiées (titulaires de permis de travail—work permit). Ces trois catégories représentent une division du travail selon le genre dans le marché de l'emploi, entraînant des conséquences pour les migrantes à Singapour. Se fondant sur des études faites auprès des migrantes philippines qui travaillent à Singapour, le présent article explore comment le programme singapourien visant la main-d'œuvre migrante et fondé sur les compétences porte atteinte aux droits du travail et aux droits sociaux des infirmières migrantes. Notre analyse explore la place de la profession d'infirmière dans les régimes du travail, de l'immigration et de l'éducation. Nous avançons que le programme singapourien d'importation de la main-d'œuvre à plusieurs niveaux renforce la perception commune du public selon laquelle toutes les Philippines sont des « domestiques », donnant aux infirmières migrantes un statut ambigu, quelque part entre les catégories de travailleuses qualifiées ou non qualifiées. Bien que l'entre-deux des infirmières migrantes structure leur expérience de migration, il offre aussi un site de résistance.
Cashing in on Cachet? Ethnicity and Gender in the Strip Club
Authors: Law Tuulia 
Published: April 2012

Quelque part entre les pervers pépères, le culte de la culture populaire, les images sensationnalistes des médias et la politique canadienne en matière d'immigration, la danseuse nue roumaine est devenue une sorte d'archétype. Attrayante, sensuelle, avec son accent étranger excitant et sa peau blanche, elle est la parfaite danseuse exotique. Les danseuses nues représentent le genre, la sensualité ou la sexualité, l'émotion et souvent, l'ethnicité. L'ethnicité peut avoir un cachet dans l'industrie du sexe, et comme le genre, les travailleuses usent consciemment de leur ethnicité pour tirer profit de ce cachet. Les danseuses nues roumaines sont bien placées pour ce faire, car elles sont, au contraire des femmes de couleur, « différentes », mais pas trop. En conséquence, la préférence des clients et de la direction des clubs pour les danseuses roumaines a entraîné la création d'un archétype et la fabrication d'une pénurie de danseuses nues pour répondre à cette demande préférentielle. À l'aide d'une analyse interdépendante de la race, du genre, de l'ethnicité, de la stigmatisation et de la classe, l'auteure explore le discours sur « l'altérité acceptable » implicite dans le traitement et la perception des danseuses nues roumaines par les clients et les directeurs de clubs et le gouvernement canadien, ainsi que par le public.
Mandatory Family Mediation and the Settlement Mission: A Feminist Critique
Authors: Semple Noel 
Published: April 2012

En Amérique du Nord, les conflits familiaux font très souvent l'objet de médiation où une tierce partie neutre tente de trouver avec les époux une résolution volontaire de leurs différends. La médiation familiale compte de nombreux partisans et de nombreuses partisanes enthousiastes, et dans plusieurs juridictions, elle constitue un passage obligé avant d'entreprendre les procédures traditionnelles. Cependant, elle a aussi donné lieu à une critique féministe puissante qui considère le déséquilibre des pouvoirs et la violence familiale comme des sources d'exploitation et de résultats injustes obtenus par la médiation. Le présent article synthétise la critique féministe de la médiation familiale, et évalue les efforts faits dans la pratique de la médiation contemporaine pour y répondre. Même en l'absence de médiation familiale formelle, les juges et les autres travailleurs et travailleuses de l'appareil judiciaire en matière familiale soumettront vraisemblablement les époux en litige à des pressions informelles pour trouver un règlement. Le présent article défend l'idée que la critique féministe est peut-être plus pertinente à cette « mission de règlement » qu'à la médiation familiale formelle telle qu'elle se pratique de nos jours.
Cutting Edge: Human FcRL4 and FcRL5 Are Receptors for IgA and IgG
Authors: Wilson Timothy J. , Fuchs Anja , Colonna Marco 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
Fc receptor-like (FcRL) proteins are a family of cellular receptors homologous to FcγRI and are predominantly expressed by B cells. They function to costimulate or inhibit BCR signaling through consensus ITAMs and ITIMs; however, the extracellular ligands of these receptors remain unknown or controversial. In this study, we tested the ability of human FcRL proteins to bind Igs and found FcRL4 and FcRL5 to be bona fide Fc receptors. In cellular binding assays, FcRL4 bound efficiently to IgA and FcRL5 binds all IgG isotypes with varied efficiency. Additionally, we generated mAbs capable of specifically blocking these interactions. Given their expression on activated B cells and potential for inhibitory signaling, FcRL4 and FcRL5 are likely to be important for immune complex-dependent human B cell regulation, and they represent novel therapeutic targets for receptor blockade therapies.
Lyn-Dependent Signaling Regulates the Innate Immune Response by Controlling Dendritic Cell Activation of NK Cells
Authors: Krebs Danielle L. , Chehal Manreet K. , Sio Alexander , Huntington Nicholas D. , Da Mei Lin , Ziltener Pascal , Inglese Melissa , Kountouri Nicole , Priatel John J. , Jones Jessica , Tarlinton David M. , Anderson Gary P. , Hibbs Margaret L. , Harder Kenneth W. 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
The innate immune response is a first line of defense against invading pathogens; however, the magnitude of this response must be tightly regulated, as hyper- or suboptimal responses can be detrimental to the host. Systemic inflammation resulting from bacterial infection can lead to sepsis, which remains a serious problem with high mortality rates. Lyn tyrosine kinase plays a key role in adaptive immunity, although its role in innate immunity remains unclear. In this study, we show that Lyn gain-of-function (Lynup/up) mice display enhanced sensitivity to endotoxin and succumb to upregulated proinflammatory cytokine production at a dose well tolerated by control animals. Endotoxin sensitivity in Lynup/up mice depends on dendritic cells (DCs) and NK cells and occurs though a mechanism involving increased maturation and activation of the DC compartment, leading to elevated production of IFN-γ by NK cells. We further show that modulation of endotoxin-induced signal transduction in DCs by Lyn involves the phosphatases Src homology 2 domain-containing phosphatase-1 and SHIP-1. Collectively, we demonstrate that Lyn regulates DC physiology such that alterations in Lyn-dependent signaling have profound effects on the nature and magnitude of inflammatory responses. Our studies highlight how perturbations in signaling pathways controlling DC/NK cell-regulated responses to microbial products can profoundly affect the magnitude of innate immune responses.
Arsenic Trioxide Prevents Murine Sclerodermatous Graft-versus-Host Disease
Authors: Kavian Niloufar , Marut Wioleta , Servettaz Amélie , Laude Hélène , Nicco Carole , Chéreau Christiane , Weill Bernard , Batteux Frédéric 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
Chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) follows allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. It results from alloreactive processes induced by minor MHC incompatibilities triggered by activated APCs, such as plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), and leading to the activation of CD4 T cells. Therefore, we tested whether CD4+ and pDCs, activated cells that produce high levels of reactive oxygen species, could be killed by arsenic trioxide (As2O3), a chemotherapeutic drug used in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia. Indeed, As2O3 exerts its cytotoxic effects by inducing a powerful oxidative stress that exceeds the lethal threshold. Sclerodermatous GVHD was induced in BALB/c mice by body irradiation, followed by B10.D2 bone marrow and spleen cell transplantation. Mice were simultaneously treated with daily i.p. injections of As2O3. Transplanted mice displayed severe clinical symptoms, including diarrhea, alopecia, vasculitis, and fibrosis of the skin and visceral organs. The symptoms were dramatically abrogated in mice treated with As2O3. These beneficial effects were mediated through the depletion of glutathione and the overproduction of H2O2 that killed activated CD4+ T cells and pDCs. The dramatic improvement provided by As2O3 in the model of sclerodermatous GVHD that associates fibrosis with immune activation provides a rationale for the evaluation of As2O3 in the management of patients affected by chronic GVHD.
Myeloid-Specific Tristetraprolin Deficiency in Mice Results in Extreme Lipopolysaccharide Sensitivity in an Otherwise Minimal Phenotype
Authors: Qiu Lian-Qun , Stumpo Deborah J. , Blackshear Perry J. 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
Tristetraprolin (TTP) is a mRNA-destabilizing protein that binds to AU-rich elements in labile transcripts, such as the mRNA encoding TNF, and promotes their deadenylation and degradation. TTP-deficient (knockout [KO]) mice exhibit an early-onset, severe inflammatory phenotype, with cachexia, erosive arthritis, left-sided cardiac valvulitis, myeloid hyperplasia, and autoimmunity, which can be prevented by injections of anti-TNF Abs, or interbreeding with TNF receptor-deficient mice. To determine whether the excess TNF that causes the TTP KO phenotype is produced by myeloid cells, we performed myeloid-specific disruption of Zfp36, the gene encoding TTP. We documented the lack of TTP expression in LPS-stimulated bone marrow-derived macrophages from the mice, whereas fibroblasts expressed TTP mRNA and protein normally in response to serum. The mice exhibited a minimal phenotype, characterized by slight slowing of weight gain late in the first year of life, compared with the early-onset, severe weight loss and inflammation seen in the TTP KO mice. Instead, the myeloid-specific TTP KO mice were highly and abnormally susceptible to a low-dose LPS challenge, with rapid development of typical endotoxemia signs and extensive organ damage, and elevations of serum TNF levels to 110-fold greater than control. We conclude that myeloid-specific TTP deficiency does not phenocopy complete TTP deficiency in C57BL/6 mice under normal laboratory conditions, implying contributions from other cell types to the complete phenotype. However, myeloid cell TTP plays a critical role in protecting mice against LPS-induced septic shock, primarily through its posttranscriptional regulation of TNF mRNA stability.
Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Guidelines and Hospital Length of Stay, Readmission, Complications, and Mortality
Authors: Sauro Khara M. , Smith Christine , Ibadin Seremi , Thomas Abigail , Ganshorn Heather , Bakunda Linda , Bajgain Bishnu , Bisch Steven P. , Nelson Gregg 
Published: June 2024

ImportanceA comprehensive review of the evidence exploring the outcomes of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) guidelines has not been completed.ObjectiveTo evaluate if ERAS guidelines are associated with improved hospital length of stay, hospital readmission, complications, and mortality compared with usual surgical care, and to understand differences in estimates based on study and patient factors.Data SourcesMEDLINE, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Cochrane Central were searched from inception until June 2021.Study SelectionTitles, abstracts, and full-text articles were screened by 2 independent reviewers. Eligible studies were randomized clinical trials that examined ERAS-guided surgery compared with a control group and reported on at least 1 of the outcomes.Data Extraction and SynthesisData were abstracted in duplicate using a standardized data abstraction form. The study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Risk of bias was assessed in duplicate using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to pool estimates for each outcome, and meta-regression identified sources of heterogeneity within each outcome.Main Outcome and MeasuresThe primary outcomes were hospital length of stay, hospital readmission within 30 days of index discharge, 30-day postoperative complications, and 30-day postoperative mortality.ResultsOf the 12 047 references identified, 1493 full texts were screened for eligibility, 495 were included in the systematic review, and 74 RCTs with 9076 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Included studies presented data from 21 countries and 9 ERAS-guided surgical procedures with 15 (20.3%) having a low risk of bias. The mean (SD) Reporting on ERAS Compliance, Outcomes, and Elements Research checklist score was 13.5 (2.3). Hospital length of stay decreased by 1.88 days (95% CI, 0.95-2.81 days; I2 = 86.5%; P &amp;lt; .001) and the risk of complications decreased (risk ratio, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.59-0.87; I2 = 78.6%; P &amp;lt; .001) in the ERAS group. Risk of readmission and mortality were not significant.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this meta-analysis, ERAS guidelines were associated with decreased hospital length of stay and complications. Future studies should aim to improve implementation of ERAS and increase the reach of the guidelines.