bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TLR3 activation enhances abscopal effect of radiotherapy in HCC by promoting tumor ferroptosis
Authors: Qiu Liman , Ji Hongbing , Wang Kai , Liu Wenhan , Huang Qizhen , Pan Xinting , Ye Honghao , Li Zhenli , Chen Geng , Xing Xiaohua , Dong Xiuqing , Tang Ruijing , Xu Haipo , Liu Jingfeng , Cai Zhixiong , Liu Xiaolong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRadiotherapy (RT) has been reported to induce abscopal effect in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but such phenomenon was only observed in sporadic cases. Here, we demonstrated that subcutaneous administration of Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) agonist poly(I:C) could strengthen the abscopal effect during RT through activating tumor cell ferroptosis signals in bilateral HCC subcutaneous tumor mouse models, which could be significantly abolished by TLR3 knock-out or ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1. Moreover, poly(I:C) could promote the presentation of tumor neoantigens by dendritic cells to enhance the recruitment of activated CD8+ T cells into distant tumor tissues for inducing tumor cell ferroptosis during RT treatment. Finally, the safety and feasibility of combining poly(I:C) with RT for treating advanced HCC patients were further verified in a prospective clinical trial. Thus, enhancing TLR3 signaling activation during RT could provide a novel strategy for strengthening abscopal effect to improve the clinical benefits of advanced HCC patients.
Acceptor–donor–acceptor-type molecules with large electrostatic potential difference for effective NIR photothermal therapy
Authors: Fan Kexin , Zhang Ludan , Zhong Qinqiu , Xiang Yanhe , Xu Bowei , Wang Yuguang 
Published: April 2024

We explored a new way of utilizing the ESP difference to improve the molecular packing of (A–D–A) type molecules, and obtained a series of NIR PTAs with good PTT performance. The in vivo antitumor study demonstrates effective suppression of tumors.
Association of the trimethylamine N-oxide with cardiovascular risk and vascular alterations in middle-aged patients with risk factors for cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Spasova Natalia , Somleva Desislava , Krastev Bozhidar , Ilieva Radostina , Borizanova Angelina , Svinarov Dobrin , Kinova Elena , Goudev Assen 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background: Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is synthesized by the intestinal microbiota and is an independent predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We investigated TMAO levels across different CVD-risk patient groups, and evaluated associations between TMAO and vascular alterations (e.g., arterial stiffness, intima-media thickness [IMT], and the presence and grade of carotid artery plaques [CAPs]).
Methods: We examined 95 patients (58.5 ± 7.3 years): 40 with clinical atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), 40 with atherosclerosis risk factors (RF), and 15 controls. Arterial stiffness was measured by Carotid-Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity (C-F PWV). B-mode ultrasound was used to evaluate the presence and grade of CAPs and carotid IMT (CIMT). TMAO was measured by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and results were presented as the median (interquartile range).
Results: TMAO levels were higher in patients with ASCVD (251.5 [164.5] µg/l) when compared with patients with RFs (194.0 [174] µg/l, P=0.04) and controls (122.0 (77) µg/l, P&lt;0.001). A significant correlation was observed between TMAO and PWV (r = 0.31, P=0.003), which was not confirmed after adjustment for RFs. TMAO levels were significantly correlated with plaque score (r = 0.46, P&lt;0.001) and plaque height (r=0.41, P=0.003), and were independent predictors for grade III plaques (odds ratio [OR] = 1.002, confidence interval (CI) 95%: 1.000047–1.003, P=0.044).
Conclusions: TMAO levels are increased with expanded CVD risk. Across different types of vascular damage, TMAO is associated with atherosclerotic changes.
Investigating the Utility of a Compact Loudspeaker Array for Audiometric Testing
Authors: Zurek Patrick M. , Freyman Richard L. , Najem Fadi 
Published: April 2024

Purpose:
This project addressed the uses of a loudspeaker array for audiometric measurements. It sought to evaluate a prototype compact array in terms of the reliability of test results across sound booths.

Method:
A seven-loudspeaker array was developed to deliver sounds from −60° to +60° on an arc with a radius of 0.5 m. The system was equipped with a head position sensing system to maintain the listener's head near the optimal test position. Three array systems were distributed to each of the two test sites for within-subject assessments of booth equivalence on tests of sound localization, speech reception in noise, and threshold detection. A total of 36 subjects participated, 18 at each test site.

Results:
Results showed excellent interbooth consistency on tests of sound localization using speech and noise signals, including conditions in which one or both ears were covered with a muff. Booth consistency was also excellent on sound field threshold measurements for detecting quasi-diffuse noise bands. Nonequivalence was observed in some cases of speech-in-noise tests, particularly with a small one-person booth. Acoustic analyses of in situ loudspeaker responses indicated that some of the nonequivalent comparisons on speech-in-noise tests could be traced to the effects of reflections.

Conclusions:
Overall, the results demonstrate the utility and reliability of a compact array for the assessment of localization ability, speech reception in noise, and sound field thresholds. However, the results indicate that researchers and clinicians should be aware of the reflection effects that can influence the results of sound field tests in which signal and noise levels from separate loudspeakers are critical.
The Classroom Communication and Collaboration Appraisal: A Comprehensive Tool for Assessing Communication and Collaboration in Classroom Environments
Authors: Mealings Kiri , Miles Kelly , Buchholz Joerg M. 
Published: April 2024

Purpose:
The aim of this research note is to introduce a new appraisal form, the Classroom Communication and Collaboration (C3) Appraisal, designed to evaluate communication and collaboration within classroom settings.

Method:
A comprehensive synthesis of the key skills from a broad range of publications on successful communication and collaboration in the classroom was conducted. The resulting appraisal comprises 39 items across six scales: crafting clear messages, appropriateness of communication exchange, active listening, pragmatics and discourse, communication breakdown, and collaboration. To demonstrate its application, an exemplar usage of the C3 Appraisal involving a hearing child and a child with hearing loss engaged in a collaborative learning task is presented.

Results:
The C3 Appraisal allowed for the quality and successfulness of the collaborative learning task between the two children to be assessed and quantified across the six scales.

Conclusions:
These findings highlight the utility of the C3 Appraisal as a valuable tool for evaluating communication and collaboration in classroom environments. Next steps are to test the reliability and validity of the C3 Appraisal on a large data set.
Parsec-scale cosmic-ray ionisation rate in Orion
Authors: Socci A. , Sabatini G. , Padovani M. , Bovino S. , Hacar A. 
Published: April 2024

Context. Cosmic rays are a key component of the interstellar medium because they regulate the dynamics and chemical processes in the densest and coldest regions of molecular clouds. Still, the cosmic-ray ionisation rate of H2 (ζH2ion) is one of the most debated parameters characterising molecular clouds because of the uncertainties in the adopted chemical networks and analysis techniques.
Aims. This work aims to homogeneously estimate the ζH2ion at parsec scales towards the Orion Molecular Clouds OMC-2 and OMC-3. We explore the change in ζH2ion across a whole star-forming region by probing a range of column densities that has never been explored before. The significant increase in statistics obtained by studying an entire region allows us to place stronger constraints on the range of ζH2ion values and exploit its connection with the physical properties of the interstellar medium.
Methods. The most recent ζH2ion estimates are based on o-H2D+, which is a direct product of the interaction between cosmic rays and H2 in cold clouds. Since observations of o-H2D+ are challenging, we proxy its abundance through CO depletion by employing C18O (2–1) observations towards OMC-2 and OMC-3, taking advantage of the existing correlation between the two parameters. Using additional observations of HCO+ (1–0) and DCO+ (3–2), we determine the deuteration fraction, and we finally derive the map of ζH2ion in these two regions.
Results. The C18O depletion correlates with both the total column density of H2 and the N2H+ emission across OMC-2 and OMC-3. The obtained depletion factors and deuteration fractions are consistent with previous values obtained in low- and high-mass star-forming regions. These two parameters additionally show a positive correlation in the coldest fields of our maps. We derive cosmic-ray ionisation rates of ζH2ion ~ 5 × 10-18-10-16s-1. These values agree well with previous estimates based on o-H2D+ observations. The ζH2ion also shows a functional dependence on the column density of H2 across a full order of magnitude (~1022–1023 cm−2). The estimated values of ζH2ion decrease overall for increasing N(H2), as predicted by theoretical models.
Conclusions. The results delivered by our approach are comparable with theoretical predictions and previous independent studies. This confirms the robustness of the analytical framework and promotes CO depletion as a viable proxy of o-H2D+. We also explore the main limitations of the method by varying the physical size of the gas crossed by the cosmic rays (i.e. the path length). By employing a path length obtained from low-resolution observations, we recover values of the ζH2ion that are well below any existing theoretical and observational prediction. This discrepancy highlights the need for interferometric observations in order to reliably constrain the ζH2ion at parsec scales as well.
Retrospective Analysis of Bicanalicular Lacrimal Silicone Tube Intubation in Patients with Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction: A Long-term Follow-up Study
Authors: Lahme Larissa , Eter Nicole , Zimmermann Julian Alexander , Storp Jens Julian , Merté Ralph-Laurent 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCongenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO) is the most common cause of epiphora in the first year of life. In addition to conservative therapy, there are several invasive methods available. The aim of this retrospective study was to conduct a long-term follow-up of bicanalicular lacrimal duct intubation as the primary intervention in a large cohort of patients with CNLDO. The electronic medical records of 487 patients with CNLDO who underwent bicanalicular tube intubation were reviewed. To determine the long-term outcomes, a telephone interview was conducted. A total of 328 eyes of 235 patients were included in the study. The median average follow-up period was 6.67 (5.58 – 8.67) years. At the time of the survey, 218 patients (92.8%) were symptom free. Mean patient satisfaction with surgical outcome was 10/10. To our knowledge, this study provides the longest follow-up of the largest patient cohort in the literature consisting of patients who underwent probing with
bicanalicular lacrimal silicone tube intubation as a primary intervention for CNLDO. This study showed a high long-term postoperative success rate, with high postoperative satisfaction, few complications, and a low need for reintervention.
Effects of Exercise-Induced Changes in Myokine Expression on the
Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Gunasekara Nadira , Clauss Dorothea , Bloch Wilhelm 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this narrative review, we summarize the direct and indirect effects that
myokines have on the tumor microenvironment. We took studies of various cancer
types and species into account. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses that
matched the search terms were also considered. We searched databases for six
months. As a narrative approach was chosen, no data was analyzed or reanalyzed.
The goal of this narrative review is to create an overview on the topic to
identify research gaps and answer the questions as to whether myokine expression
may be relevant in cancer research in regard to the tumor microenvironment. Six
commonly known myokines were chosen. We found strong links between the influence
exercise has on interleukin-6, oncostatin M, secreted protein acidic and rich in
cysteine, and irisin in the context of tumor progression and inhibition via
interactions with the tumor microenvironment. It became clear that the effects
of myokines on the tumor microenvironment can vary and contribute to disease
progression or regression. Interactions among myokines and immune cells must
also be considered and require further investigation. To date, no study has
shown a clear connection, while multiple studies suggest further investigation
of the topic, similar to the effects of exercise on myokine expression.
Vade Mecum in ERCP, a roadmap to success: Tips from experts for excelling in ERCP
Authors: Teles de Campos Sara , Arvanitaki Marianna , Boskoski Ivo , Deviere Jacques 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background and study aims Training in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is operator-dependent and traditionally, the apprenticeship model, in which experts are considered to be role models, has been adopted for it. The aim of this study was to develop a practical guide compiling tips from experts to help guide trainees to succeed in ERCP.
Methods A web-based survey was created to understand the professional development of ERCP experts, the investments they made, the obstacles they overcame, and the quotes that guided their professional life. ERCP experts worldwide were invited to participate.
Results Fifty-three experts (of 71; 74.6%) from 24 countries answered the survey. Experts started ERCP training early (average age 31 years; range, 24–52 years) and it often was combined with training for endoscopic ultrasound. A long training period (average 21 months; range, 3–120 months) was needed to achieve competence, frequently in another department, and it was commonly complemented with research in the field (76.5%). “Time and practice” were the most worthwhile investments they made to achieve success. “Sports” were an area outside endoscopy frequently considered to be important to acquire the skills necessary to excel in ERCP. “Lack of dedicated time for training” and “peer competition” were the biggest obstacles the experts faced. Several pieces of advice were given to the experts, such as to be resilient, careful, patient, responsible, and hard-working. “Personal life” was mentioned as an undeniably crucial factor for achieving long-term success that should not be forgotten.
Conclusions This survey is the first to provide insight regarding the professional trajectory of renowned ERCP experts worldwide, providing valuable recommendations to help trainees excel in ERCP.
Photocatalytic Annulation of Enaminones with Thioureas for the Synthesis of 2-Aminothiazoles via Tandem C–S and C–N Bond Formation
Authors: Wan Changfeng , Wan Jie-Ping , Huang Qihui 
Published: April 2024

AbstractVisible-light photocatalytic reactions between enaminones and thioureas leading to thiazole products have been achieved. The annulation process consists of tandem C–S and C–N bond formation by running reactions under air atmosphere at ambient temperature. Broad substrate tolerance of the sustainable protocol has been verified by the practical synthesis of divergent thiazoles with both monocyclic and fused cyclic structures.
Partial Sacrectomy in the Management of Sacral Chordoma: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Santos Nicoly Augusta da Silva Quezada dos , Maximiano Mariana Letícia de Bastos , Cortez Paulo Rogério 
Published: April 2024

AbstractChordomas are rare neoplasms of low to intermediate grades, which arise from ectopic remnants of notochordal tissue, presenting a slow growth pattern and locally aggressive behavior. Due to their insidious course, the diagnosis is late, requiring immediate therapeutic intervention. The main prognostic factor is total surgical resection with wide margins. This therapeutic objective is only achieved in 40% to 55.6% of the cases, since chordoma tends to present an aggressive behavior, invading adjacent tissues and neurovascular structures. Currently, the main challenge of sacrectomy is to balance a wide resection with the preservation of the neurological function of the patient. Despite cases of successful gross total resection, local recurrence is an inevitable reality, and the overall survival is relatively low. The indication of adjuvant therapies is not well stablished in the literature, since the response to radiotherapy is not satisfactory for these tumors. The aim of the present study is to present a report the case of a patient with sacral chordoma (SC) who underwent partial sacrectomy and to carry out a brief review of the literature on sacrococcygeal chordomas.
Clinical Assessment of a Lateral Epicondylar Anatomical Plate for the Stabilization of Humeral Condylar Fractures in Dogs
Authors: Jones Rebecca L. , Tomlinson Andrew W. , Barnes Duncan M. , Hood Rebecca S. , McClement Jamie P. , Ogden Daniel M. , Owen Mark A. , Onyett Jeremy R. , Walton Myles B. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objective To report the use of a Lateral Epicondylar Anatomical Plate for the management of humeral condylar fractures (HCF) in dogs.
Study Design Medical records of dogs with HCF stabilized using the Lateral Epicondylar Anatomical Plate at six UK veterinary referral centres between April 2018 and February 2021 were reviewed. Long-term follow-up (>6 months) was obtained via owner questionnaire, which incorporated the Liverpool Osteoarthritis in Dogs clinical metrology instrument.
Results Sixty-two HCF were treated in 61 dogs (44 lateral condylar fractures [LCF] and 18 intracondylar (T/Y) fractures [ICF]). Fifty-one dogs were Spaniels or Spaniel crossbreeds. Intraoperative contouring of the plate was required for one dog—a French Bulldog. Postoperative complications occurred in 14/42 LCF and 6/18 ICF; overall there were 14 minor, 8 major, and 2 catastrophic complications. On final follow-up imaging, there was evidence of partial or complete osseous continuity of the condylar part of the fracture 32/53 HCF (24/39 LCF and 8/14 ICF) and lateral epicondylar part of the fracture in 53/53 HCF (39/39 LCF and 14/14 ICF). At final reexamination, 20/28 dogs with LCF and 5/13 dogs with ICF were not lame and the remaining dogs demonstrated mild lameness. According to the owner questionnaire, 17/17 dogs with LCF and 8/10 dogs with ICF returned to full limb use and median Liverpool Osteoarthritis in Dogs scores were 2/52 for LCF and 6.5/52 for ICF.
Conclusion The Lateral Epicondylar Anatomical Plate can be used successfully for the surgical stabilization of HCF in dogs.
Perpetrators in multimodal media discourse: a case study of personalization in images from The Telegraph
Authors: Shurma Svitlana 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe article deals with the visual and linguistic representation of alleged perpetrators through personalization in news reporting from The Telegraph’s online media platform. The analysis shows how visual message, along with verbal labelling in the text, represent different groups of alleged perpetrators as more or less ‘dangerous’ in news reports. Agency is analyzed through a focus on the lens range and its influence on perceived social distance, the angle of the shot and its role in the understanding of social relations, as well as the direction of an alleged perpetrator’s gaze in images as a way of social interaction with the viewer. The photos of alleged perpetrators appear in The Telegraph with the aim of informing the public about the danger these individuals pose, as well as legitimizing the actions of law enforcement institutions. It appears that verbal and visual identification of these individuals is done with the intention of ‘excluding’ the most dangerous social actors, such as ‘murderers’, from ingroups.
A high temperature engine materials test facility
Authors: Shelton Prabha H. , Wadley Haydn N. G. 
Published: April 2024

Gas turbine engines subject materials to extreme conditions. Their high temperature materials and co-developed coatings must survive combustion gas temperatures currently approaching 1800 °C, large thermal gradients, severe thermal shock, and static and fatigue inducing applied stresses, all the while operating in highly reactive, high-pressure, high-speed combustion gas flows containing significant partial pressures of water vapor, oxygen, and other reactive species for many tens of thousands of hours. We describe the design and development of a test facility for the study of materials under individual and combinations of test parameters similar to those experienced within legacy and future engines. A hydraulic load frame capable of applying static or cyclic tension-compression stresses up to 400 MPa to flat-dog bone-shaped test specimens is integrated within an environmental test chamber capable of sustaining gas pressures from 0.1 to 1.2 MPa (1–12 atm). An adjustable 0.1–2 kW power CO2 laser whose 10.6 µm wavelength radiation is strongly absorbed by ceramic coating materials is used to heat sample surfaces to temperatures of 1800 °C and above, while rear surface air jet cooling establishes through-thickness thermal gradients. Rapid laser heating in conjunction with transiently applied front and/or rear-side air cooling is used to create hot or cold thermal shock effects. This is accompanied by the impingement of a high pressure (up to 1.3 MPa) reactive gas jet upon the sample with speeds up to 300 m/s by preheating dry air, mixing it with steam to the desired humidity, heating to 850 °C, and then expanding it through a converging nozzle. Thermal imaging pyrometers measure specimen front and back surface temperature fields, while environmental test chamber view ports permit digital image correlation and strain mapping.
Ab initiopath integral Monte Carlo simulations of warm dense two-component systems without fixed nodes: Structural properties
Authors: Dornheim Tobias , Schwalbe Sebastian , Böhme Maximilian P. , Moldabekov Zhandos A. , Vorberger Jan , Tolias Panagiotis 
Published: April 2024

We present extensive new ab initio path integral Monte Carlo (PIMC) results for a variety of structural properties of warm dense hydrogen and beryllium. To deal with the fermion sign problem—an exponential computational bottleneck due to the antisymmetry of the electronic thermal density matrix—we employ the recently proposed [Y. Xiong and H. Xiong, J. Chem. Phys. 157, 094112 (2022); T. Dornheim et al., J. Chem. Phys. 159, 164113 (2023)] ξ-extrapolation method and find excellent agreement with the exact direct PIMC reference data where available. This opens up the intriguing possibility of studying a gamut of properties of light elements and potentially material mixtures over a substantial part of the warm dense matter regime, with direct relevance for astrophysics, material science, and inertial confinement fusion research.