bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two‐Step Loss of GLUTs in the High‐Metabolism Passerines
Authors: Wu Lei , Ji Yanzhu , Lei Fumin 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTGlucose transporters (GLUTs) play vital roles in cellular metabolism. Understanding their evolutionary dynamics in birds is essential for elucidating avian physiology and adaptation. However, the choice of gene detection method in gene family analysis may affect the conclusion. Here, we present a comprehensive investigation of methodologies and GLUT gene loss events in avian lineages, focusing on the loss of GLUT4 and GLUT8. To illustrate the effects of these methods, we first employed BUSCO‐based homolog identification, calculated pairwise evolutionary distances between different species, and performed separate blastn and blastp searches to identify homologs in two groups of animals. Our analyses revealed a significant decline in blastn accuracy with increasing evolutionary distance, represented by relative divergence times. Through a more robust blastp‐based gene detection pipeline, we provide evidence for the loss of GLUT genes in birds based on 58 vertebrate genomes, including 47 bird species. Our results support the reported early loss of GLUT4 in Aves. We also newly emphasize the absence of GLUT8 in passerines, potentially due to adaptation to high‐sugar diets in their ancestors. These findings enhance our knowledge of avian metabolism and the evolution of GLUT genes.
Moral dilemmas and slow codes
Authors: Crutchfield Parker 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSlow codes—insincere attempts at resuscitation—are widely regarded in medicine and medical ethics as morally impermissible. My goal here is to enrich this special issue on the slow code with an argument for the permissibility of slow codes that is rooted in moral psychology. Specifically, if we take seriously the results from moral psychology, the slow code is not only permissible, it is often the best option. The context of the decision about whether to perform a slow code is analogous to thoroughly investigated moral dilemmas such as the trolley problem. In particular, when the trolley problem is framed as a trilemma, it becomes clear that the decisional context of the slow code is analogous to the famous moral dilemma. Since in the trolley problem the choice analogous to the slow code is the best choice, the slow code may be the best choice when facing patient or family requests for futile CPR. In establishing this claim, I address a range of objections to the slow code. I conclude with an empirically supported explanation of the conventional wisdom. Resistance to the slow code doesn't sprout from the act's moral properties, but from moral judgments influenced by other factors, such as emotion, physical distance, and personal force.
The Nexus of Corporate Disclosure and Investors’ Information Needs: An Analysis Using Topic Modeling
Authors: Lui Daphne , Moraru‐Arfire Andreea , Tao Cong 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis paper identifies thematic topics that individual and institutional investors discuss about firms and investigates whether, and for which type of investors, companies incorporate in their disclosures the investors’ information needs. We use latent Dirichlet allocation to identify firm‐related topics discussed by investors and compare these topics with the content of subsequent firm disclosures. We find a positive association between the proportion of text dedicated to several firm‐related topics discussed by investors and the proportion of text on the same topics in firms’ subsequent MD&A disclosures. We also find that firms integrate much more in their disclosures institutional investors’ information needs, compared with those of individual investors. For a subset of topics, stronger associations occur for more profitable and high‐growth firms, and for firms experiencing more negative sentiment from institutional investors, subject to lower proprietary costs, and utilizing alternative communication channels. Overall, our findings extend the research on the link between individual and institutional investors’ request for information and the content of corporate disclosure.
Geometry-Driven Design of Morphable Surface Structures Using Topology Optimization and Circle Packing
Authors: Gao Lingfeng , Zhu Xiaoping , Tanaka Masato , Song Yuyang , Zhou Yuqing , Gu Xianfeng , Chen Shikui 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper introduces a new computational framework for modeling and designing morphable surface structures based on an integrated approach that leverages circle packing for surface representation, conformal mapping to link local and global kinematics, and topology optimization for actuator design. The framework utilizes a unique strategy of employing optimized compliant actuators as the basic building blocks of the morphable surface. These actuators, designed as circular elements capable of modifying their radius and curvature, are optimized using level-set topology optimization, considering both kinematic performance and structural stiffness. Circle packing is employed to represent the surface geometry, while conformal mapping guides the kinematic analysis, ensuring alignment between local actuator motions and desired global surface transformations. The design process involves mapping optimized component designs back onto the circle packing representation, facilitating coordinated control and achieving harmony between local and global geometries. This leads to efficient actuation and enables precise control over the surface morphology. The effectiveness of the proposed framework is demonstrated through two numerical examples, showcasing its capability to design complex, morphable surfaces with potential applications in fields requiring dynamic shape adaptation.
A capsidless (+)RNA yadokarivirus hosted by a dsRNA virus is infectious as particles, cDNA, and dsRNA
Authors: Fadli Muhammad , Hisano Sakae , Novoa Guy , Castón José R. , Kondo Hideki , Suzuki Nobuhiro 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Capsidless yadokariviruses (members of the order
Yadokarivirales
) with (+)RNA genomes divert the capsid of their partner icosahedral double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) viruses in different families of the order
Ghabrivirales
into the replication site. A yadokarivirus, AfSV2, has been reported from a German strain of the ascomycete fungus
Aspergillus foetidus
coinfected by two dsRNA viruses, a victorivirus (AfSV1
,
family
Pseudototiviridae
) and an alternavirus (AfFV, family
Alternaviridae
). Here, we identified AfSV1 as the partner of AfSV2 in a Japanese
A. foetidus
strain after showing the infectiousness of AfSV2 in three forms: virus particles (heterocapsid), transforming full-length complementary DNA (cDNA), and purified replicated form (RF) dsRNA that is believed to be inactive as a translational template. Virion transfection of virus-free
A. foetidus
protoplasts resulted in the generation of two strains infected either by AfSV1 alone or by both AfSV1 and AfSV2. Transformants with AfSV2 full-length cDNA launched AfSV2 infection only in the presence of AfSV1, but not those with AfSV2 RNA-directed RNA polymerase mutant cDNA. The purified fractions containing AfSV2 RF dsRNA also launched infection when transfected into protoplasts infected by AfSV1. Treatment with dsRNA-specific RNase III, but not with proteinase K, S1 nuclease, or DNase I, abolished the infectivity of AfSV2 RF dsRNA. Furthermore, we confirmed the infectiousness of gel-purified AfSV2 RF dsRNA in the presence of AfSV1. Taken together, our results show the unique infectious entity of AfSV2 and the expansion of yadokarivirus partners in the family
Pseudototiviridae
and provide interesting evolutionary insights.

IMPORTANCE

The viral phylum
Pisuviricota
accommodates members with both double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and (+)RNA genomes. Some members of the second group display peculiar virus lifestyles. These include (+)RNA yadkariviruses, which are capsidless and highjack the capsid of their partner dsRNA viruses in the order
Ghabrivirales
of a different phylum
Duplornaviricota
. We identified the partner dsRNA virus (AfSV1, a victorivirus) of a yadokarivirus (AfSV2) from the ascomycete
Aspergillus foetidus
. AfSV2 is infectious in the presence of AfSV1 in three forms: purified particles, transforming full-length complementary DNA, and, surprisingly, the purified replicative form dsRNA. These combined results expand yadokarivirus partner viruses to the family
Pseudototiviridae
and provide evidence for AfSV2 as a unique infectious entity as well as interesting evolutionary insights.
Antimicrobial resistance in Malaysia: a cross-sectional study analysing trends and economic impacts
Authors: AR Muhammad Nur Amir , Binti Wan Puteh Sharifa Ezat , Ibrahim Roszita , Rahman Md Mizanur , Abdul Karim Zulkefly , Bin Ali Fawzi Zaidan , Binti Bakhtiar Nor Farah 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveThis national study assessed the economic impact of treating patients with antimicrobial resistance (AMR) pathogens within Malaysia’s Ministry of Health (MoH) hospitals.DesignA cross-sectional study design and top-down costing approach, analysing Malaysian diagnosis-related group (DRG) data for AMR patients admitted to MoH hospitals from 2017 to 2020.Setting and participantsA total of 1190 cases were identified using International Statistical Classification of Diseases-10 version 2010 codes for AMR pathogens.Outcome measuresThe study aims to estimate direct healthcare costs for treating AMR patients. Costs per admission were calculated based on each patient’s length of stay (LOS). A binary logistic regression model identified cost determinants, with significant factors (p<0.05) further analysed using a multivariate multiple logistic regression. ORs with 95% CIs were determined, and treatment costs were categorised as above or below the annual national base rate.ResultsFindings showed that costs are influenced by the volume of cases identified through DRG codes and LOS, which averaged between 21.7 and 36.4 days. Median admission costs for AMR patients ranged from RM12 476.28 (IQR RM 15 655.93) to RM19 295.11 (IQR RM20 200.28). Both LOS and total costs increased annually, from RM3 711 046.10 in 2017 to RM9 700 249.08 in 2019. Patients over 56 years old and those with severity levels II and III were more likely exceeding the national base rate.ConclusionsThese findings, explaining 9.3% of the variance in the regression model, can inform policies to reduce the economic burden of AMR and improve patient outcomes, highlighting the need for a comprehensive strategy to address this global health threat.
Comparison of physiotherapy practice in university hospitals following chest trauma between two countries with different trauma panoramas: a prospective observational study
Authors: Fagevik Olsén Monika , Sehlin Maria , Svensson Annie , Roos Ronel , Slobo Margareta , Svensson-Raskh Anna , Van Aswegen Helena 
Published: February 2025

ObjectivesThe study aimed to describe and compare the clinical physiotherapy management of patients hospitalised due to chest trauma in South Africa (SA) and Sweden.DesignA prospective observational multicentre international study.SettingTwo university-affiliated public sector hospitals in SA and four university-affiliated public sector hospitals in Sweden.ParticipantsIn total, 364 adults, hospitalised due to chest trauma were consecutively recruited of which 179 were from SA and 185 were from Sweden.Outcome measuresPhysiotherapy practice was recorded in parallel with standard care. In addition, pulmonary complications and length of hospital stay were collected.ResultsDespite differences in the type of trauma between the national cohorts (83% penetrating traumas in SA and 95% blunt traumas in Sweden), most patients received physiotherapy treatment during the first 3 days in hospital. Physiotherapy interventions such as mobilisation (day 1: sit on edge of bed; days 1–3: walking) and exercises to maintain range of motion (days 1–3: shoulder; day 3: trunk) were initiated earlier in SA (p<0.05). Treatment with the active cycle of breathing technique was more used in SA while deep breathing exercises were more common in Sweden and positive expiratory pressure was common in both countries. Length of stay was in mean 5.4 (95% CI 4.8, 6.0) days in SA and 6.6 (5.8, 7.4) days in Sweden (p=0.024).ConclusionsDespite differences in trauma panoramas and the national cohorts there seem to be similarities in clinical physiotherapy practices between the two countries.
Investigating the factors that impede or facilitate the acceptance of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT): perspectives from psychiatrists and patients’ companions
Authors: Ghasem Zadeh Negin , Rabiei Saman , Shahabi Saeed , Fakhraei Bahareh , Bagheri Zahra , Tabrizi Reza 
Published: February 2025

ObjectivesThis study aims to investigate the positive and negative factors that can influence an individual’s acceptance of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) from the perspective of psychiatrists and patients’ companions (PCs).DesignA multicentre qualitative phenomenological study.SettingCities of Shiraz and Fasa in Fars province.ParticipantsEight psychiatrists and 10 PCs were interviewed.Methods and analysisSemistructured interviews were conducted with psychiatrists and PCs in hospitals in Fars Province, Iran. The interviews focused on the positive and negative factors influencing the participants’ acceptance of ECT. Subsequently, the interviews were transcribed and subjected to thematic analysis.ResultsIn total, 8 males and 10 females participated. The average age of psychiatrists and PCs was 42.43±6.37 and 53.20±16.64, respectively. Furthermore, the average working experience of psychiatrists was 8.57±1.90 years. Five themes emerged from the interviews: feeling supported, awareness, communications between physicians, patients, and PCs, previous experiences of oneself and others, and hospital structure.ConclusionsOur study provides valuable insights into the negative and positive factors that influence the acceptance of ECT from the perspectives of psychiatrists and PCs. The findings indicate important ways to enhance perspectives on ECT within the community.
Assessing the mediating role of self-disclosure between mental health literacy and psychological distress: a cross-sectional study among HIV-positive young and middle-aged men who have sex with men in China
Authors: You Xinyi , Wen Qi , Gu Jiayi , Yang Wenwen , Wu Yuhan , Zhang Liman , Song Yan 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveTo investigate the associations between mental health literacy (MHL), self-disclosure and psychological distress among HIV-positive young and middle-aged men who have sex with men (MSM). We hypothesised that self-disclosure would mediate the relationship between MHL and psychological distress.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingParticipants were recruited from the outpatient clinic of the Department of Infection at a tertiary hospital in Nanjing, Jiangsu province, China.ParticipantsA total of 209 HIV-positive young and middle-aged MSM.Outcome measuresUsing convenient sampling method, the study selected 209 HIV-positive young and middle-aged MSM from a tertiary hospital in Nanjing, China, from November 2023 to January 2024. The data were collected using a general information questionnaire, the Multicomponent Mental Health Literacy, the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale and the Distress Disclosure Index. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis and mediation analysis were conducted in the study.ResultsThe mean MHL score among HIV-positive young and middle-aged MSM was 11.90 (SD=5.09). Their mean score for self-disclosure was 31.97 (SD=6.87) and for psychological distress was 25.43 (SD=8.16). The bivariate correlation analysis showed that self-disclosure was positively correlated with MHL (r=0.264, p<0.001) and negatively correlated with psychological distress (r=−0.496, p<0.001), and MHL was negatively correlated with psychological distress (r=−0.308, p<0.001). Self-disclosure partially mediated the relationship between MHL and psychological distress among HIV-positive young and middle-aged MSM, and the mediating effect accounted for 38.31% of the total effect.ConclusionSelf-disclosure mediated the relationship between MHL and psychological distress. To improve psychological distress among HIV-positive young and middle-aged MSM, targeted intervention measures aimed at enhancing MHL and self-disclosure should be conducted.
Safety and efficacy of low profile flow diverter stents for intracranial aneurysms in small parent vessels: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Elek Alperen , Karagoz Sidar , Dindar Gülfem Nur , Yucel Semra , Cinar Celal , Kusbeci Mahmut , Ozturk Egemen , Oran Ismail 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundThis meta-analysis aims to evaluate the clinical and angiographic outcomes of low profile flow diverters (FDs) used in treating intracranial aneurysms in small parent vessels (≤3.5 mm).MethodsA systematic review was conducted using Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science databases from inception to October 2024. Studies reporting clinical and angiographic outcomes for Silk Vista Baby, Flow Re-direction Endoluminal Device Junior (FRED Jr), and p48 MW Flow Modulation Device were included. Favorable outcomes were defined as those reported directly in studies or as a modified Rankin Scale score of 0–2.Results33 studies involving 998 patients with 1049 aneurysms were analyzed. Favorable neurological outcomes were reported in 94% of cases overall, with unruptured aneurysms achieving better outcomes (97.1%) than ruptured aneurysms (80%). Procedure related complications were observed in 15.7% of cases, with a lower rate in unruptured aneurysms (12.7%) compared with ruptured aneurysms (20%). Complete or near complete occlusion was achieved in 79.5% of aneurysms from 28 studies, with similar rates for both unruptured (73.6%, from 14 studies) and ruptured (74%, from 13 studies) aneurysms. Among devices, the FRED Jr showed the highest favorable outcome rate (97.6%), while the p48 MW device had the highest complication rate (17.2%). Adjunctive coiling did not significantly affect neurological outcomes but was associated with a slightly lower complication rate (12.1%).ConclusionLow profile FDs demonstrated high rates of favorable neurological outcomes in small parent vessel aneurysms, particularly in unruptured cases. These FDs achieved acceptable rates of adequate aneurysm occlusion and complications.
Impact of Instagram and TikTok influencer marketing on perceptions of e-cigarettes and perceptions of influencers in young adults: a randomised survey-based experiment
Authors: Vassey Julia , Vogel Erin A , Unger Jennifer B , Cho Junhan , Bae Dayoung , Donaldson Scott I , Allem Jon-Patrick 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundPairing e-cigarettes with healthy lifestyle contexts in influencers’ promotional social media posts may increase e-cigarette use risk among young adults. This study examined the effects of e-cigarette and healthy lifestyle content on young adults’ perceptions of influencer credibility, harm perceptions of, and susceptibility to use, e-cigarettes.MethodsIn this survey-based online, repeated-measures experiment (2023), California young adults (N=1494, Mage=23 (SD=1.8); 63% female, 51% Hispanic) were randomly shown 10 (total) Instagram and TikTok videos, featuring influencers promoting e-cigarettes alongside healthy lifestyle activities (experimental group), or a healthy lifestyle activity alone (control). After watching each video, participants rated perceived influencer credibility (eg, honesty). After watching all videos, harm perceptions of e-cigarettes were assessed among all participants and susceptibility to e-cigarette use was assessed among e-cigarette never-users. Harm perceptions and susceptibility outcomes were compared between groups (experimental vs control) and between participants who perceived influencers as credible versus non-credible, using binomial generalised linear mixed effects models.ResultsParticipants in the experimental group were more likely to report lower harm perceptions (adjusted OR (AOR) 1.12; 95% CI 1.03; 1.21) and higher susceptibility to e-cigarette use (AOR 1.22, 95% CI 1.11; 1.34), than participants in the control condition. Similar results were found when influencers were perceived as credible, but not when they were perceived as non-credible.ConclusionsSocial media influencers’ posts promoting e-cigarette use along with healthy activities may contribute to young adult e-cigarette use. Decreasing perceived credibility of influencers could decrease the negative effects of their promotional posts.Trial registration numberNCT06433466.
Circular RNA Circ_0079226 Plays an Oncogenic Role in Gastric Cancer via the miR‐155‐5p/FOXK1/AKT Pathway
Authors: Zhang Hui , Huang Zhisheng , Zhong Yingyun 
Published: February 2025

Background: Circular RNA (circRNA) is implicated in various biological processes, including the progression of gastric cancer (GC). The specific functions and underlying mechanisms of circ_0079226 in GC are unknown.Methods: We examined cancerous and adjacent noncancerous tissues from 25 patients with GC to evaluate circ_0079226, miR‐155‐5p, and forkhead transcription factor K1 (FOXK1) expression. Pearson’s correlation analysis was used to assess the relationships among these RNAs. We examined their functional roles utilizing in vitro (cell cytotoxicity kit‐8, wound healing, and Transwell invasion assays) and in vivo (xenograft mouse models) approaches. Molecular mechanisms were investigated using bioinformatics, dual‐luciferase reporter assays, and rescue experiments, while quantitative real‐time PCR, western blot, immunohistochemistry (IHC), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and protein immunofluorescence (IF) were used to detect gene expression.Results: We found that circ_0079226 and FOXK1 levels were elevated, while miR‐155‐5p was reduced in GC tissues and cells. An inverse correlation existed between FOXK1 and miR‐155‐5p, while a direct correlation was observed between FOXK1 and circ_0079226. Circ_0079226 facilitated GC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and in vivo tumor growth. It functions by sequestering miR‐155‐5p, which directly targets FOXK1. High miR‐155‐5p expression mitigated the effects of circ_0079226 on GC cells, and the reintroduction of FOXK1 reversed the inhibitory effects of miR‐155‐5p. Circ_0079226 boosts FOXK1 and its associated downstream signaling pathways, including FAK, AKT, and p‐AKT, through competitive binding with miR‐155‐5p.Conclusions: In conclusion, circ_0079226 is implicated in GC cell proliferation and metastasis by modulating the miR‐155‐5p/FOXK1/AKT pathway, presenting it as a potential therapeutic target.
Usage and Perceptions of Anglicised Queer Terminology in Korea
Authors: Kim Eun-Young Julia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study examines how the English language mediates Korean speakers’ expressions and understanding of gender identity. Two groups of participants—a queer group and a general group—were asked to rate their familiarity with 21 English terms using a Likert scale, suggest corresponding Korean terms, and respond to an open-ended question on the role of English terms. The results indicate that the English terms of gender identity have provided labels for various concepts that are unnamed in the Korean language and have empowered queer speakers to assert their identity and have a sense of belonging. Many of the terms, however, were esoteric to those outside the queer community and created a barrier. The study calls for creating accessible language that can capture the experiences of queer Koreans and critically assessing Euro-American centric categories of sexual identities and language.