bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hip pain in adolescents: Results of a cross‐sectional study in German pupils and a review of the literature
Authors: Spahn Gunter , Schiele Rainer , Langlotz Anette , Jung Regina 
Published: August 2010

Abstract Aim: To determine the prevalence of hip pain (HP) in adolescents in East Germany and to evaluate the potential factors associated with HP. Design: Cross‐sectional epidemiological study of a total of 2368 pupils (1137 males, 1231 females; age 14.5±0.65, range 13–18 y). Demographic data and information on sports activity and consumption of soft legal drugs were obtained using a questionnaire. Physical examination was carried out by school doctors. Odds ratio (OR [95% confidence interval]) was calculated for common factors associated with HP. Results: The prevalence of adolescents suffering from HP was 6.5% (n=151). Pain episodes were reported as occasional in 3.0%. A total of 69 subjects (2.9%) suffered from permanent pain during physical activity. Permanent pain when at rest was reported in 0.5% (n=12). Female subjects, students attending high school, smoking adolescents and adolescents with a consumption of alcoholic beverages had a significantly higher prevalence of HP. HP was associated with a significantly higher prevalence of low back pain and knee pain. The prevalence of pathological findings of the hip was 2.5% (n=60). Factors significantly associated with HP were: female gender (1.9‐fold), attending high school (2.1‐fold) and consumption of tobacco (1.6‐fold). Conclusions: HP in adolescents seems to be mostly caused by functional disorders. There is a possible association between HP and psychological stress or consumption of legal drugs. Prophylactic measures are necessary in this age group in future.
Overweight, obesity, weight‐related concerns and behaviours in Hong Kong Chinese children and adolescents
Authors: Wong J PS , Ho SY , Lai MK , Leung GM , Stewart SM , Lam TH 
Published: August 2010

Abstract Aim: To study the prevalence of overweight and obesity, and weight‐related concerns and behaviours among overweight, obese and non‐overweight children and adolescents. Methods: We carried out a cross‐sectional survey of all Chinese students in primary schools in the Central and Western District of Hong Kong in March 2002. Thirty‐one of 32 schools participated, and 5402 boys and 5371 girls aged 8 to 15 y who completed a standardized questionnaire were included. We used the International Obesity Task Force definition (IOTF reference) to define overweight and obesity. Results: The prevalence (95% CI) of overweight was 16.4% (15.7–17.1%) (19.9% in boys, 12.9% in girls), and that of obesity was 7.7% (7.2–8.2%) (10.3% in boys and 5.1% in girls). The combined prevalence of overweight and obesity was similar to that based on the local reference. Overweight children had more concerns about their weight than obese children. They were more likely than obese children to feel fat, wish to be lighter, diet and exercise to lose weight. Although obese children were heavier, they did not make more effort to lose weight than overweight children. Conclusions: The differences in weight‐related concerns and behaviours among overweight, obese and non‐overweight children suggested good validity of the IOTF reference and the self‐reported data. The differences between overweight and obese children suggested that the two groups had different psychological states and that they needed different weight management programmes and other intervention strategies.
Hydrocephalus prevalence and outcome in a population‐based cohort of children born in 1989–1998
Authors: Persson Eva‐Kavin , Hagberg Gudrun , Uvebrant Paul 
Published: August 2010

Abstract Aim: To determine the prevalence, aetiology and clinical outcome in children with surgically treated hydrocephalus. Methods: A population‐based study of all 208 liveborn children with hydrocephalus, 124 with infantile hydrocephalus and 84 with hydrocephalus associated with myelomeningocoele, born during 1989–1998 in western Sweden. Aetiological and clinical information was collected from records. Results: The prevalence of hydrocephalus was 0.82 per 1000 live births, 0.49 for children with infantile hydrocephalus and 0.33 for children with myelomeningocoele. The prevalence of infantile hydrocephalus decreased during the period from 0.55 to 0.43 per 1000. In this group, the aetiology was prenatal in 55% and peri‐postnatal in 44% of the children. The origin was perinatal haemorrhage in all cases born very preterm. The mortality rate was 5% for children with either infantile hydrocephalus or myelomeningocoele. Mental retardation, cerebral palsy and epilepsy were significantly more frequent in the group with infantile hydrocephalus: 46% vs 16%, 31% vs 4% and 31% vs 10%, respectively. All children with infantile hydrocephalus born very preterm had at least one of these impairments, as did 80% of those with overt hydrocephalus at birth. Conclusion: A slightly decreasing trend for infantile hydrocephalus was observed during the 10‐y period. Children with infantile hydrocephalus had a worse outcome than those with myelomeningocoele. The need for neurosurgical revisions for two‐thirds of the children indicates the need for further development of prevention and treatment strategies.
Focus on neonatal resuscitation—NOW
Authors: Heinonen Kirsti 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe paper by Saugstad et al. in this issue of Acta Paediatrica presents new and provocative data on the development of the child's physiological status during the first minutes of life. The data were extracted from the database of the Resair 2 study designed to investigate the outcome of resuscitation with air or 100% oxygen. The potential of these variables to predict the outcome of asphyxiated infants was evaluated. Conclusion: The data—in spite of some technical limitations and lack of representative reference measurements—point out the potential value of sequential physiological observations in the early identification of newborn infants at risk of poor outcome, challenge the routine habit of giving ample oxygen to depressed neonates, and call for further studies.
Polyunsaturated fatty acids in plasma lipids of diabetic children during and after diabetic ketoacidosis
Authors: Decsi Tamás , Szabó Éva , Kozári Adrienn , Erhardt Éva , Marosvölgyi Tamás , Soltész Gyula 
Published: August 2010

Abstract Background and aim: Previously we reported significantly higher plasma values of the essential fatty acids but significantly lower values of their longer‐chain metabolites in diabetic children than in healthy controls. Here, we report data on the acute effect of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) on the fatty acid composition of plasma lipids. Methods: Diabetic children (n=9; age: 16.1 [3.3] y; duration of diabetes: 5.0 [5.3.] y; daily insulin dose: 0.87 [0.66] unit/kg body weight/d; glycated haemoglobin: 13.4 [2.8] %; median [IQR]) were investigated at admission for DKA (during DKA) and at the end of the treatment of DKA (after DKA). Fatty acid composition of plasma lipid classes was determined by high‐resolution capillary gas‐liquid chromatography. Results: Blood glucose (27.0 [8.5] vs 6.5 [1.6] mmol/l), pH (7.28 [0.35] vs 7.36 [0.06]) and base excess (−8.9 [15.1] vs −2.2 [6.3] mmol/l) were grossly abnormal during but not after DKA. Values of linoleic acid were significantly lower after than during DKA (non‐esterifed fatty acids (NEFA): 15.55 [1.47] vs 12.27 [5.74] % wt/wt; triacylglycerols (TG): 20.84 [9.23] vs 17.40 [5.78]; p<0.05). In contrast, values of gamma‐linolenic acid (NEFA: 0.87 [0.54] vs 2.34 [1.85]; p<0.05) and arachidonic acid (TG: 1.37 [0.71] vs 1.74 [0.57]; p<0.05) were significantly lower during than after DKA. The product/substrate ratios for delta‐6 desaturation were significantly lower during than after DKA. Conclusion: Successful treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis is associated with a significant increase of long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acid values in blood plasma in diabetic children. This observation suggests that disturbances of essential fatty acid metabolism in diabetic children are related not only to diet but to hypoinsulinaemia as well.
Fast bedside measurement of blood count and C‐reactive protein in neonates with suspected late‐onset sepsis
Authors: Makhoul Imad R , Smolkin Tatiana , Zinder Oren , Diamond Eric , Tamir Ada , Sujov Polo 
Published: August 2010

AbstractConventional and fast complete blood count (CBC) and C‐reactive protein (CRP) measurements were compared in 56 neonates with suspected sepsis. Mean differences between pairs (conventional minus fast) of the corresponding CBC and CRP values were significant for the six CBC parameters tested (p<0.02), but not for CRP (p=0.18). Conclusion: In neonatal sepsis, conventional and fast methods are comparable only for CRP but not for CBC variables.
Benign neonatal sleep myoclonus: An under‐recognized, non‐epileptic condition
Authors: Ramelli Gian Paolo , Sozzo Alessandra B , Vella Silvano , Bianchetti Mario G 
Published: August 2010

AbstractDuring a 3‐y period 13 newborns were referred for investigation of jerks. The events were epileptic in six children. The diagnosis of benign neonatal sleep myoclonus was made in the remaining seven children. Conclusion: Benign neonatal sleep myoclonus is an important neonatal entity that can be mistaken for epilepsy.
Parental assessment of developmental delay in children: Some limitations and hazards
Authors: Lagerberg Dagmar 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAccording to a study published in the present issue of Acta Paediatrica, mothers' reports of developmental delays in children of preschool age were associated with socio‐economic factors. Conclusion: For the present, developmental screening procedures using parental assessments cannot be considered evidence based. National health service systems ensuring preventive health care for all children, regardless of socio‐economic background, will form a more solid basis for early detection and treatment.
A single‐centre study can improve our knowledge of a rare disease! As exemplified by studies in Langerhans' cell histiocytosis
Authors: Donadieu Jean 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe main contribution of this clinical study of Langerhans' cell histiocytosis (LCH) is that it provides information on the adult outcome of patients diagnosed during childhood. Conclusion: The authors show that most patients, sometimes despite their sequelae, undertake higher education and live as independent adults. This study also offers evidence that some sequelae are due to radiotherapy, which should therefore be excluded from the treatment of LCH. The analysis of causes of death shows the important role of haematological dysfunction.
Assessment of left ventricular diastolic function by Doppler tissue imaging in children with end‐stage renal disease
Authors: Saygili Arda , Yildirim Selman Vefa , Cengiz Nurcan , Uslu Yasemin , Tokel Kürsat , Saatçi Ümit 
Published: August 2010

Abstract Aim: To evaluate left ventricular (LV) diastolic function in children with end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) using conventional pulsed‐Doppler echocardiography and Doppler tissue imaging (DTI), and to compare the findings with these two modalities. Methods: Twenty‐four children with ESRD and 22 healthy age‐ and sex‐matched control subjects were assessed with conventional Doppler echocardiography and DTI. The scans of the renal disease patients were done after a dialysis session. Parameters related to LV systolic and diastolic function were compared in the ESRD and control groups. Results: The ESRD patients had lower mean mitral E/A ratio both according to conventional Doppler echocardiography and TDI than the control subjects. The ESRD group also had significantly longer isovolumetric relaxation time (116±31 ms vs 97±3.1 ms, respectively; p<0.001), and significantly longer deceleration time (235±44 ms vs 202±35 ms, respectively; p<0.01) than the control group. Conclusion: DTI findings correlate well with conventional Doppler echocardiography findings. Children with ESRD show, after dialysis, echocardiographic signs of LV diastolic dysfunction.
Long‐term follow‐up of Langerhans cell histiocytosis: 39 years’ experience at a single centre
Authors: Bernstrand Cecilia , Sandstedt Bengt , Åhström Lars , Henter Jan‐Inge 
Published: August 2010

Abstract Aim: To evaluate the long‐term outcome of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) in children. Methods: We re‐evaluated all children (<15 y old at diagnosis) treated at our unit in 1962–1989. Histopathology specimens were reviewed and verified for 49 patients. Forty patients underwent physical examination and laboratory tests, and 38 were subjected to imaging, at a median time of 16 y (range 5.5–33.5) after diagnosis. Results: Altogether, 5/49 (10%) children died, all with multi‐system disease and age <2 y at diagnosis. Age at diagnosis (p=0.001) and survival (p=0.014) for the 22 children with multi‐system disease was significantly lower compared with the 27 children with single‐system disease. The term “maximal extent of disease” was introduced since reactivation of LCH often tends to involve additional organs not previously affected by the disease. At follow‐up, late sequelae had developed in 17/40 (42%) patients, including diabetes insipidus in 6/40 (15%), CNS complications in at least 4/40 (10%) (3/16, 19%, of multi‐system patients) and late‐stage pulmonary disease in 4/38 (11%). Seven out of 21 (33%) of the patients with multi‐system disease were alive and healthy without sequelae at follow‐up, as compared to 16/24 (67%) of those with single‐system disease (p=0.026). Of 14 individuals 25 y at follow‐up, senior high school had been completed in 7/9 (78%) with single‐system and 1/5 (20%) with multi‐system disease (at maximal disease extent) (p=0.091). Conclusion: Multi‐system LCH is associated not only with increased mortality but also pronounced propensity for severe late sequelae; 51% of the patients (multi‐system=33%, single‐system=67%) were alive without sequelae at follow‐up. Among multi‐system patients, at least 19% suffered CNS sequelae.
Screening for congenital cataracts: A cost‐consequence analysis of eye examination at maternity wards in comparison to well‐baby clinics
Authors: Magnusson Gunilla , Persson Ulf 
Published: August 2010

Abstract Aim: To estimate, on a national basis in Sweden, the costs versus consequences of combined maternity ward and well‐baby clinic eye screening compared to well‐baby clinic screening alone. Methods: Two scenarios were created and compared regarding healthcare costs: visual acuity development and quality‐adjusted life‐years (QALYs). One scenario represented early management (combined maternity ward and well‐baby clinic screening); the other represented less early management (well‐baby clinic screening only). Each scenario was based on 100 000 births, and the healthcare costs were calculated from detection until age 18 y. All estimates of prevalence, visual outcome, postoperative complications and screening procedures were based on previous, recently published studies. Estimated costs were obtained from St. Erik's Eye Hospital in Stockholm and the University Hospital of Lund, at 2001 prices. Results: Total cost of the maternity ward/well‐baby clinic screening scenario was 7.9 million SEK, and that of the maternity ward screening scenario was 6.9 million SEK. The incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio was estimated at 234 000 SEK/QALY provided three more children per year were detected in Sweden by mandatory maternity ward/well‐baby clinic screening. Conclusion: The incremental expense of introducing combined maternity ward/well‐baby clinic eye screening on a nationwide basis is cost effective and within acceptable levels of cost/QALY when compared with other widely accepted therapies across diverse medical specialties.
Measuring implementation progress in kangaroo mother care
Authors: Bergh Anne‐marie , Arsalo Irmeli , Malan Atties F , Patrick Mark , Pattinson Robert C , Phillips Noel 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAim:To describe the development and testing of a monitoring model with quantitative indicators or progress markers that could measure the progress of individual hospitals in the implementation of kangaroo mother care (KMC).Methods:Three qualitative data sets in the larger research programme on the implementation of KMC of the MRC Research Unit for Maternal and Infant Health Care Strategies in South Africa were used to develop a progress‐monitoring model and an accompanying instrument.Results:The model was conceptualized around three phases (pre‐implementation, implementation and institutionalization) and six constructs depicting progress (awareness, adopting the concept, mobilization of resources, evidence of practice, evidence of routine and integration, sustainable practice). For each construct, indicators were developed for which data could be collected by means of the monitoring instrument used in a walk‐through visit to a hospital. The instrument has been tested in 65 hospitals.Conclusion:The progress‐monitoring model enables the quantification of individual hospitals' progress in the process of implementing KMC and an objective measurement of the effectiveness of different outreach strategies. The model also has potential to be adapted for measuring progress in other innovative healthcare interventions on a large scale.
Social inequalities in maternal opinion of child development in southern Brazil
Authors: de Lourdes Drachler Maria , Ganzo De Castro Aerts Denise , Mendonça De Souza Rosana , Carlos De Carvalho Leite José , Justo Giugliani Elsa , Marshall Tom 
Published: August 2010

Abstract Aims and methods: Concurrent validity of maternal opinion of child development was estimated in a cross‐sectional, population‐based survey of 6–59‐mo children (n=3025), using a standard measure devised from the Denver Developmental Screening Test. Results: Sensitivity, specificity and negative predictive value increased with maternal education and family income. Positive predictive value was higher in low‐income families and children with impairments, low birthweight and long hospital stays. Conclusion: Children at social and clinical risk should be assessed more carefully, even if maternal report is normal or advanced.
Does the choice of bottle nipple affect the oral feeding performance of very‐low‐birthweight (VLBW) infants?
Authors: Scheel C. E. , Schanler Richard J. , Lau Chantal 
Published: August 2010

Abstract Background: There is a continuous debate regarding the best bottle nipple to be used to enhance the bottle‐feeding performance of a preterm infant. Aim: To verify that feeding performance can be improved by using the bottle nipple with the physical characteristics that enhance infants’ sucking skills. Methods: Ten “healthy” VLBW infants (941±273 g) were recruited. Feeding performance was monitored at two time periods, when taking 1–2 and 6–8 oral feedings/d. At each time and within 24 h, performance was monitored using three different bottle nipples offered in a randomized order. Rate of milk transfer (ml/min) was the primary outcome measure. The sucking skills monitored comprised stage of sucking, suction amplitude, and duration of the generated negative intraoral suction pressure. Results: At both times, infants demonstrated a similar rate of milk transfer among all three nipples. However, the stage of sucking, suction amplitude, and duration of the generated suction were significantly different between nipples at 1–2, but not 6–8 oral feedings/d. Conclusion: We did not identify a particular bottle nipple that enhanced bottle feeding in healthy VLBW infants. Based on the notion that afferent sensory feedback may allow infants to adapt to changing conditions, we speculate that infants can modify their sucking skills in order to maintain a rate of milk transfer that is appropriate with the level of suck‐swallow‐breathe coordination achieved at a particular time. Therefore, it is proposed that caretakers should be more concerned over monitoring the coordination of suck‐swallow‐breathe than over the selection of bottle nipples.
Breastfeeding patterns, beliefs and attitudes among Kurdish mothers in Diyarbakir, Turkey
Authors: Saka Gunay , Ertem Meliksah , Musayeva Alida , Ceylan Ali , Kocturk Tahire 
Published: August 2010

Abstract Aim: The aim was to rapidly assess existing breastfeeding patterns, beliefs and attitudes in the province of Diyarbakir, a socio‐economically disadvantaged region of Turkey. Methods: A cross‐sectional survey exploring demographic and breastfeeding patterns was carried out among 921 mothers with children 6–18 mo of age. Results were quantitatively analysed. Focus group interviews dealing with beliefs and attitudes were separately carried out among 107 mothers and analysed by qualitative content analysis. Results: Nearly all mothers had breastfed their infants at some time, but exclusive breastfeeding was rare. About 62.2% of the mothers had waited for at least 24 h before initiating breastfeeding. Almost half of the infants received sweetened water as a first feeding. There was agreement on the superiority of breastfeeding and awareness of its contraceptive effect. Early introduction of sugared water, water and supplementary feeds was considered desirable. Working in the fields and pregnancy were considered situations counteracting breastfeeding. Conclusion: The attitude to breastfeeding was highly positive, but more information is needed to encourage the use of colostrum, discourage early supplementation and promote exclusive breastfeeding during the first 6 mo of life.
Cervicofacial nocardiosis in an immunocompetent child
Authors: Kumar T. Sathish , Xavier Scott Julius , Viswanathan Sugumaran , Agarwal Indira , Mohan Raj Promila , Lalitha Mukkai Kesavan 
Published: August 2010

AbstractNocardiosis occurs primarily as an opportunistic infection in an immunocompromised host. The infection may on rare occasion occur in a normal host confounding the diagnosis. It is also notably an uncommon infection in children. We report a 1‐y‐old girl with cervicofacial nocardial infection who presented with acute suppurative otitis media and lymphadenitis. This child did not have any predisposing risk factors for this infection and responded well to treatment with co‐trimoxazole and chloramphenicol. She is doing well on follow‐up. Conclusion: Nocardiosis in an immunocompetent small child is reported.
Fabry disease and the heart: an overview of the natural history and the effect of enzyme replacement therapy
Authors: Shah JS , Elliott PM 
Published: August 2010

AbstractFabry disease is a genetic disorder caused by the deficiency of α‐galactosidase A, resulting in the lysosomal accumulation of glycosphingolipids. Fabry disease may result in cardiac, cerebral and renal complications. Cardiac abnormalities in patients with Fabry disease were first described in the 1960s. In the 1990s a form of Fabry disease confined to the heart was reported; however, this variant is extremely rare and a more appropriate concept is of cardiac predominance of the disease in some patients. Up to 60% of males with classic Fabry disease have cardiac abnormalities, including left ventricular hypertrophy, valvular dysfunction and conduction abnormalities. Recent data suggest that left ventricular mass and systolic function in patients with Fabry disease improve after 12 months of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT); however, many of the patients studied are relatively young and have mild cardiac abnormalities, suggesting that more research into the efficacy of ERT in older patients is necessary. Conclusion: Cardiac manifestations are common in patients with Fabry disease and are not confined to a ‘cardiac variant’ of the disease.