bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cs8−xSi46: A Type‐I Clathrate with Expanded Silicon Framework
Authors: Wosylus Aron , Veremchuk Igor , Schnelle Walter , Baitinger Michael , Schwarz Ulrich , Grin Yuri 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe synthesis of the new binary Cs8−xSi46 (shown here) completes the series of binary alkali metal silicides with a clathrate‐I structure M8−xSi46 (M=Na, K, Rb, Cs). In contrast with the lighter homologues, Cs8−xSi46 can be prepared only at elevated pressures. The compound was obtained at 1200 °C between 2–10 GPa and the Cs content rises with applied pressure.magnified image
Directly Relating Gas‐Phase Cluster Measurements to Solution‐Phase Hydrolysis, the Absolute Standard Hydrogen Electrode Potential, and the Absolute Proton Solvation Energy
Authors: Donald William A. , Leib Ryan D. , O'Brien Jeremy T. , Williams Evan R. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractHydrated ion nanocalorimetry is used to measure reduction energies and H atom affinities of gaseous hydrated ions by determining the energy deposited into these nanodrops from the number of water molecules lost upon reduction by thermally generated electrons (see figure).magnified imageSolution‐phase, half‐cell potentials are measured relative to other half‐cell potentials, resulting in a thermochemical ladder that is anchored to the standard hydrogen electrode (SHE), which is assigned an arbitrary value of 0 V. A new method for measuring the absolute SHE potential is demonstrated in which gaseous nanodrops containing divalent alkaline‐earth or transition‐metal ions are reduced by thermally generated electrons. Energies for the reactions 1) M(H2O)242+(g)+e−(g)→M(H2O)24+(g) and 2) M(H2O)242+(g)+e−(g)→MOH(H2O)23+(g)+H(g) and the hydrogen atom affinities of MOH(H2O)23+(g) are obtained from the number of water molecules lost through each pathway. From these measurements on clusters containing nine different metal ions and known thermochemical values that include solution hydrolysis energies, an average absolute SHE potential of +4.29 V vs. e−(g) (standard deviation of 0.02 V) and a real proton solvation free energy of −265 kcal mol−1 are obtained. With this method, the absolute SHE potential can be obtained from a one‐electron reduction of nanodrops containing divalent ions that are not observed to undergo one‐electron reduction in aqueous solution.
Tunable Gel Formation by Both Sonication and Thermal Processing in a Cholesterol‐Based Self‐Assembly System
Authors: Wu Junchen , Yi Tao , Xia Qian , Zou Ying , Liu Feng , Dong Jie , Shu Tianmin , Li Fuyou , Huang Chunhui 
Published: May 2009

AbstractSonication‐induced gelation: Adaptive gels that are responsive to ultrasound were prepared and characterized. The self‐assembly of the gelators can be controlled by ultrasound (S‐gel) stimuli and renewed by a thermodynamic process (T‐gel, see images).magnified imageA family of asymmetric cholesterol‐based fluorescent organogelators containing naphthalimide, connected by two acylamines and different alkyl‐chain spacers, have been designed and prepared. These compounds can gelate a variety of organic solvents with both ultrasound stimuli and general sol–gel processes. The self‐assembly and gelling properties of the compounds depend on the length of the alkyl chains and can be controlled by ultrasound stimuli and renewed by a thermodynamic process. The morphologies and surface wetabilities of the xerogels prepared from these gelators are strongly affected by environmental stimuli. The mechanism of the process was investigated by confocal laser scanning microscopy, transmission or scanning electron microscopy, wide‐angle X‐ray scattering analysis, and rheological experiments. The studies reveal that the cooperation and relative competition of multiple intermolecular interactions, influenced by the sonication or thermal stimulus, are the main contributors for the aggregation or nucleation processes; this results in the macrodifferences in morphology and surface properties. These results provide a deeper understanding of the intermediate transition state of the gel during use of an ultrasound stimulus.
A Near‐Infrared Fluorescence‐Based Optical Thermosensor
Authors: Lee Seung‐Young , Lee Seulki , Youn In‐Chan , Yi Dong Kee , Lim Yong Taik , Chung Bong Hyun , Leary James F. , Kwon Ick Chan , Kim Kwangmeyung , Choi Kuiwon 
Published: May 2009

AbstractA polymeric thermosensor composed of the thermo‐responsive block copolymer Pluronic F127 (PF127) and the near‐infrared (NIR) dye Cy5.5 can simply monitor, image, and analyze temperature changes. The thermoprobe exhibited linear NIR fluorescent emission changes (see figure) over a broad temperature range (0–80 °C).magnified image
Number of metastatic sites is a strong predictor of survival in patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer with or without brain metastases
Authors: Oh Yun , Taylor Sarah , Bekele Benjamin Nebiyou , Debnam J. Matthew , Allen Pamela K. , Suki Dima , Sawaya Raymond , Komaki Ritsuko , Stewart David J. , Karp Daniel D. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:The staging system for non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) does not consider tumor burden or number of metastatic sites, although oligometastases are more favorable.METHODS:Using log‐rank testing, the authors analyzed overall survival (OS) in 1284 patients newly presenting with metastatic NSCLC by number of metastatic organ sites and the presence of brain metastases.RESULTS:OS for patients without brain metastases was found to be correlated with the number of metastatic sites (P= .0009). Brain metastases conferred an inferior OS (median of 7 months vs 9 months; 95% confidence interval, 7‐8 months vs 8‐10 months [P= .00,002]). To evaluate the influence of tumor burden on OS, the authors considered subsets of patients in whom the brain (n = 135) or lung (n = 137) was the solitary metastatic organ site. In patients with brain metastases, OS was found to be correlated inversely with the volume of all metastases or the largest lesion (hazards ratio, 1.04 or 1.03, respectively;P= .01). For patients with lung metastases, OS was better for those with a maximum tumor size below the median of 40 mm (P= .0004).CONCLUSIONS:Staging of NSCLC and clinical trial patient stratification should include quantitation of tumor burden. The prognostic impact of brain metastases is small and partly dependent on tumor volume, which indicates the need for aggressive therapy for patients with NSCLC brain metastasis and their inclusion in clinical trials. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
Survival is poorer in patients with secondary core‐binding factor acute myelogenous leukemia compared with de novo core‐binding factor leukemia
Authors: Borthakur Gautam , Lin E , Jain Nitin , Estey Elihu E. , Cortes Jorge E. , O'Brien Susan , Faderl Stefan , Ravandi Farhad , Pierce Sherry , Kantarjian Hagop 
Published: May 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:Therapy related secondary acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) was commonly associated with prior exposure to alkylating agents or topoisomerase inhibitor. The long‐term outcome of such patients with secondary AML was found to be worse than that of patients with de novo AML. Earlier reports suggested similar outcomes for patients with de novo and secondary AML associated with core‐binding factor (CBF) abnormalities.METHODS:A total of 188 patients with CBF AML were analyzed. The frequency of secondary CBF AML was 9%.RESULTS:Patients with secondary CBF AML were found to have significantly worse overall (OS) and event‐free survival (EFS) compared with patients with de novo CBF AML. Secondary CBF AML status appeared to have only marginal significance in multivariate analysis.CONCLUSIONS:Matched analysis (by age, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, and additional cytogenetic abnormality) indicated worse OS and EFS in patients with secondary CBF AML. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
Rapid gynogenetic mapping ofXenopus tropicalismutations to chromosomes
Authors: Khokha Mustafa K. , Krylov Vladimir , Reilly Michael J. , Gall Joseph G. , Bhattacharya Dipankan , Cheung Chung Yan J. , Kaufman Sarah , Lam Dang Khoa , Macha Jaroslav , Ngo Catherine , Prakash Neha , Schmidt Philip , Tlapakova Tereza , Trivedi Toral , Tumova Lucie , Abu‐Daya Anita , Geach Timothy , Vendrell Elisenda , Ironfield Holly , Sinzelle Ludivine , Sater Amy K. , Wells Dan E. , Harland Richard M. , Zimmerman Lyle B. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractPilot forward genetic screens inXenopus tropicalishave isolated over 60 recessive mutations. Here we present a simple method for mapping mutations to chromosomes using gynogenesis and centromeric markers. When coupled with available genomic resources, gross mapping facilitates evaluation of candidate genes as well as higher resolution linkage studies. Using gynogenesis, we have mapped the genetic locations of the 10X. tropicaliscentromeres, and performed fluorescence in situ hybridization to validate these locations cytologically. We demonstrate the use of this very small set of centromeric markers to map mutations efficiently to specific chromosomes. Developmental Dynamics 238:1398–1406, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dynamic expression of neurogenic markers in the developing chick olfactory epithelium
Authors: Maier Esther , Gunhaga Lena 
Published: May 2009

AbstractNeurogenesis in the olfactory epithelium begins in early embryos and proceeds throughout life. A comparison of neurogenic marker expression at different developmental stages and at different axes of the olfactory epithelium has not been reported in a coordinated way. In this study, we have in detail compared the temporal and spatial expression patterns of the precursor markers Hes5, Cash1, Ngn1, and the neuronal markers Gap43, HuC/D, Lhx2 in the developing olfactory placode and epithelium in chick embryos from HH10 to HH34. We show that Hes5 starts to be expressed in cells of the prospective olfactory placode at HH10, earlier then previously reported. During olfactory pit stages, the expression of Hes5, Cash1, Ngn1, Gap43, HuC/D, and Lhx2 varies throughout the anterior‐posterior and superior‐inferior axis of the olfactory epithelium. By HH34, expression of the precursor and neuronal markers show the first signs of apical‐basal stratification of the epithelium. Developmental Dynamics 238:1617–1625, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Use of adenovirus for ectopic gene expression in Xenopus
Authors: Dutton James R. , Daughters Randy S. , Chen Ying , O'Neil Kathy E. , Slack J.M.W. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractCOVER PHOTOGRAPH: Xenopus tadpole expressing GFP from separate injections of adenoviral vector encoding GFP into the limb and into the tail musculature. Photographed by Dr Ying Chen. See Dutton et al., Developmental Dynamics 238:1412–421. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A Chiral Metal–Organic Framework Based on Heptanuclear Zinc Cores
Authors: Liu Hai‐Yang , Zhao Bin , Shi Wei , Zhang Zhen‐Jie , Cheng Peng , Liao Dai‐Zheng , Yan Shi‐Ping 
Published: May 2009

AbstractTwo zinc(II) complexes, [Zn9(L1)6(H2O)2]·13.5H2O (1) and [Zn9(L2)6(H2O)3]·C2H5OH·8.5H2O (2), were synthesized. Both 1 and 2 are constructed from molecular building units (MBUs) that contain heptanuclear zinc clusters as cores. By introducing an additional chiral site into the original ligand, we achieved the transformation of the MOF from a nonchiral to a chiral structure, which provides a new strategy for designing chiral compounds. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
N,O‐Chelates of Group 4 Metals: Contrasting the Use of Amidates and Ureates in the Synthesis of Metal Dichlorides
Authors: Leitch David C. , Beard J. David , Thomson Robert K. , Wright Vincent A. , Patrick Brian O. , Schafer Laurel L. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractA series of dichloride complexes of titanium and zirconium with amidate and ureate ancillary ligands have been prepared. Three examples of bis(amidate)dichlorotitanium and zirconium complexes were effectively synthesized through salt metathesis with metal tetrachloride as starting materials. Optimum results were achieved using sodium amidate salts formed from sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide and neutral amide proligands, while other methods were ineffective. Use of electron‐donating ureate ligands in lieu of amidates enables preparation through alternate routes. Protonolysis of Ti(NMe2)2Cl2 and Zr(NMe2)2Cl2(dme) with urea proligands leads to dichlorobis(ureate) complexes in good yield. Using a tethered bis(ureate) ligand eliminates the fluxional behaviour and coordination isomerism observed for both bis(amidate) and bis(ureate) zirconium complexes.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Two New Fusidilactones from the Fungal Endophyte Fusidium sp.
Authors: Qin Song , Krohn Karsten , Flörke Ulrich , Schulz Barbara , Draeger Siegfried , Pescitelli Gennaro , Salvadori Piero , Antus Sándor , Kurtán Tibor 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe new bicyclic fusidilactones D (1) and E (2), along with the known and related fusidilactone B (3), have been isolated from the fungal endophyte Fusidium sp. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic analysis and the relative configurations were confirmed by an X‐ray diffraction study of a single crystal of 3. The absolute configurations were determined by TDDFT calculations of CD spectra using the solid‐state CD/TDDFT approach. The metabolites exhibited moderate antifungal, antibacterial, and antialgal activities. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Stille Cross‐Coupling Reactions with Tin Reagents Supported on Ionic Liquids
Authors: Dien Pham Phuoc , Vitz Jürgen , Chamignon Cécile , Martel Arnaud , Legoupy Stéphanie 
Published: May 2009

AbstractNew ionic‐liquid‐supported tin reagents were synthesized and used in Stille cross‐coupling reactions. High yields of biaryls were obtained under low‐temperature, solvent‐free, ligand‐free conditions, with simple purification techniques. Moreover, the tin compound could be recycled up to five times without significant loss of reactivity. An expanded catalytic cycle for the Stille cross coupling reaction is proposed in order to explain side products that were formed under certain reaction conditions.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Solid‐State Optical Properties of a Chiral Supramolecular Organic Fluorophore Consisting of Fluorescent 1‐Pyrenesulfonic Acid and Amine Molecules
Authors: Imai Yoshitane , Murata Katuzo , Nakano Yoko , Harada Takunori , Sato Tomohiro , Tajima Nobuo , Fujiki Michiya , Kuroda Reiko , Matsubara Yoshio 
Published: May 2009

AbstractBy using (R)‐1‐phenylethylamine as a chiral molecule and 1‐pyrenesulfonic acid as a fluorescent molecule, a chiral supramolecular organic fluorophore composed of a 2D layered structure was successfully developed. This chiral supramolecular fluorophore possesses circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) properties in the solid state. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Anodic Oxidation: An Attractive Alternative to CAN‐Mediated Cleavage of para‐Methoxyphenyl Ethers
Authors: Vaxelaire Carine , Souquet Florence , Lannou Marie‐Isabelle , Ardisson Janick , Royer Jacques 
Published: May 2009

Abstractpara‐Methoxyphenyl (PMP) ether is a very convenient protecting group for the alcohol function; however, its cleavage requires strong oxidative conditions. In this field, the use of powerful ceric ammonium nitrate has been widely described, despite the fact that its strong nature results in the formation of degradation products in acid‐ or oxidation‐sensitive substrates. In this paper, a new anodic oxidation method for the cleavage of para‐methoxyphenyl ethers in weakly basic medium is reported. This process is an attractive alternative to circumvent the use of ceric ammonium nitrate. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
CE‐TOF/MS: Fundamental concepts, instrumental considerations and applications
Authors: Staub Aline , Schappler Julie , Rudaz Serge , Veuthey Jean‐Luc 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThis review discusses the fundamental principles of TOF analyzers and covers the great progress that has been made in this area in recent years (i.e. orthogonal acceleration, reflectron). This paper also gives an overview of applications performed by CE coupled to TOF/MS detection. The main domains of interest include the analysis of biomolecules and natural compounds.
Quantification and excretion kinetics of a magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent by capillary electrophoresis‐mass spectrometry
Authors: Künnemeyer Jens , Terborg Lydia , Nowak Sascha , Brauckmann Christine , Telgmann Lena , Albert Anastasia , Tokmak Faruk , Krämer Bernhard K. , Günsel Andreas , Wiesmüller Gerhard A. , Karst Uwe 
Published: May 2009

AbstractA novel method for the analysis of Gadolinium‐based contrast agents in complex clinical matrices is presented. Three commonly applied ionic contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging were separated by CE and detected by ESI‐MS. Blank urine samples were spiked with Dotarem® (Gd‐DOTA, Gadolinium‐1,4,7,10‐tetraazacyclododecane‐1,4,7,10‐tetraacetic acid), Magnevist® (Gd‐DTPA, Gadolinium‐diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid) and Multihance® (Gd‐BOPTA, Gadolinium‐benzyloxymethyl‐diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid) to determine the recovery rates. The figures of merit were determined with LODs as low as 2.0×10−7 mol/L for Gd‐DOTA, 5.0×10−7 mol/L for Gd‐DTPA and 1.0×10−6 mol/L for Gd‐BOPTA. The respective LOQs were 6.6×10−7 mol/L for Gd‐DOTA, 1.5×10−6 mol/L for Gd‐DTPA and 3.3×10−6 mol/L for Gd‐BOPTA. The linear working range comprised two orders of magnitude starting at the LOQ, with regression coefficients of R≥0.999 for all investigated analytes. Using this CE‐MS method, Gd‐DOTA was quantified in seven urine samples obtained at different times after delivery from a volunteer magnetic resonance imaging patient who was treated with Dotarem®. Additionally, total Gd concentrations were determined by means of ICP‐optical emission spectroscopy to validate the CE‐MS data. To compensate for dietary dilution effects of the urine samples, creatinine was determined by HPLC with UV/Vis absorption detection. Gd‐DOTA concentrations were normalized to urinary creatinine, illustrating the fast excretion kinetics of Gd‐DOTA.
Capillary electrophoresis of small ions using complex formation and indirect detection
Authors: Foret Frantisek 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe journal Electrophoresis was launched in about the same time as modern CE. Today, Electrophoresis is one of the leading journals in the field of analytical separations. With over 23% of all papers on CE published in the past 5 years Electrophoresis is also the number one journal covering CE applications. During the past three decades CE has matured into one of the key separation techniques for the analysis of a large variety of ions. Analysis of small organic and inorganic ions used to be a high flyer during the development of CE, often under the name capillary ion analysis. In this mode it was mostly applied for analysis of inorganic ions in waters and/or determination of food ingredients and additives. Complex forming equilibria were commonly used for optimization of the separation and indirect UV absorbance detection was often the only choice for the detection of non‐absorbing ions. This short critical overview reflects some of the aspects of CE based on indirect UV absorbance detection and complex forming equilibria related to our work on the topic published in Electrophoresis almost 20 years ago.
LSAMP, a novel candidate tumor suppressor gene in human osteosarcomas, identified by array comparative genomic hybridization
Authors: Kresse Stine H. , Ohnstad Hege O. , Paulsen Erik B. , Bjerkehagen Bodil , Szuhai Karoly , Serra Massimo , Schaefer Karl‐Ludwig , Myklebost Ola , Meza‐Zepeda Leonardo A. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractOsteosarcomas are the most common primary malignant tumor of bone, and almost all conventional osteosarcomas are high‐grade tumors with complex karyotypes. We have examined DNA copy number changes in 36 osteosarcoma tumors and 20 cell lines using microarray‐based comparative genomic hybridization. The most frequent minimal recurrent regions of gain identified in the tumor samples were in 1q21.2‐q21.3 (78% of the samples), 1q21.3‐q22 (78%), and 8q22.1 (72%). Minimal recurrent regions in 10q22.1‐q22.2 (81%), 6q16.1 (67%), 13q14.2 (67%), and 13q21.1 (67%) were most frequently lost. A small region in 3q13.31 (2.1 Mb) containing the gene limbic system‐associated membrane protein (LSAMP) was frequently deleted (56%). LSAMP has previously been reported to be a candidate tumor suppressor gene in other cancer types. The deletion was validated using fluorescence in situ hybridization, and the expression level and promoter methylation status of LSAMP were investigated using quantitative real‐time reverse transcription PCR and methylation‐specific PCR, respectively. LSAMP showed low expression compared to two normal bone samples in 6/15 tumors and 5/9 cell lines with deletion of 3q13.31, and also in 5/14 tumors and 3/11 cell lines with normal copy number or gain. Partial or full methylation of the investigated CpG island was identified in 3/30 tumors and 7/20 cell lines. Statistical analyses revealed that loss of 11p15.4‐p15.3 and low expression of LSAMP (both P = 0.011) were significantly associated with poor survival. Our results show that LSAMP is a novel candidate tumor suppressor gene in osteosarcomas. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Loch Lomond Stadial (Younger Dryas) glaciers and climate in Wales
Authors: Hughes Philip D. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractFormer cirque glaciers in the Aran and Berwyn mountains, North Wales, indicate a cold and wet climate during the Loch Lomond Stadial (Younger Dryas), with values of annual accumulation close to modern values of precipitation. Climate at the equilibrium line altitude (ELA) of these glaciers was reconstructed using a simple degree–day melt model and a regression relationship between summer precipitation + winter balance. These different approaches utilized published palaeoecological proxy data to isolate summer temperature and annual temperature range, in order to reconstruct values of annual accumulation and summer precipitation + winter balance. The degree–day model predicts that annual accumulation of 1920–2586 mm water equivalent (w.e.) would have been required to offset ablation, whilst the regression approach predicts a value of 2428–2985 mm w.e. for summer precipitation + winter balance. The degree of divergence between values of annual accumulation and summer precipitation + winter balance calculated by the two approaches depends on summer temperatures and also annual temperature range, which effectively determine the proportion of precipitation that falls as rain or snow. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nodal ratio as an independent predictor of survival in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity
Authors: Shrime Mark G. , Bachar Gideon , Lea Jane , Volling Cheryl , Ma Clement , Gullane Patrick J. , Gilbert Ralph W. , Irish Jonathan C. , Brown Dale H. , Goldstein David P. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractBackgroundThe association between nodal ratio and survival in oral cavity carcinomas has recently been proposed, but no prospective evaluations exist.MethodsWe sought to determine, using an institutional database, whether nodal ratio impacts survival in node‐positive oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma.ResultsBetween 1994 and 2004, 143 new diagnoses of N1‐2 squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity were identified. The mean number of nodes identified was 41.6, and the mean nodal ratio was 9%. Nodal ratio was strongly statistically associated with overall and disease‐specific survival in both univariate and multivariate analyses. No other prognostic indicator maintained that degree of statistical significance. Patients could be stratified into low (0% to 6%), moderate (6% to 13%), and high‐risk (>13%) groups based on nodal ratio.ConclusionsIn squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity, an increased nodal ratio is a strong predictor of decreased survival. Risk of death can be stratified by nodal ratio. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2009