bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterizing cognitive profiles in diverse middle‐aged and older Hispanics/Latinos: Study of Latinos‐Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (HCHS/SOL)
Authors: Graves Lisa V. , Tarraf Wassim , Gonzalez Kevin , Bondi Mark W. , Gallo Linda C. , Isasi Carmen R. , Daviglus Martha , Lamar Melissa , Zeng Donglin , Cai Jianwen , González Hector M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionWe investigated cognitive profiles among diverse, middle‐aged and older Hispanic/Latino adults in the Study of Latinos–Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (SOL‐INCA) cohort using a cross‐sectional observational study design.MethodsBased on weighted descriptive statistics, the average baseline age of the target population was 56.4 years, slightly more than half were women (54.6%), and 38.4% reported less than a high school education. We used latent profile analysis of demographically adjusted z scores on SOL‐INCA neurocognitive tests spanning domains of verbal memory, language, processing speed, and executive function.ResultsStatistical fit assessment indices combined with clinical interpretation suggested five profiles: (1) a Higher Global group performing in the average‐to‐high‐average range across all cognitive and instrumental activity of daily living (IADL) tests (13.8%); (2) a Higher Memory group with relatively high performance on memory tests but average performance across all other cognitive/IADL tests (24.6%); (3) a Lower Memory group with relatively low performance on memory tests but average performance across all other cognitive/IADL tests (32.8%); (4) a Lower Executive Function group with relatively low performance on executive function and processing speed tests but average‐to‐low‐average performance across all other cognitive/IADL tests (16.6%); and (5) a Lower Global group performing low‐average‐to‐mildly impaired across all cognitive/IADL tests (12.1%).DiscussionOur results provide evidence of heterogeneity in the cognitive profiles of a representative, community‐dwelling sample of diverse Hispanic/Latino adults. Our analyses yielded cognitive profiles that may assist efforts to better understand the early cognitive changes that may portend Alzheimer's disease and related dementias among diverse Hispanics/Latinos.Highlights
The present study characterized cognitive profiles among diverse middle‐aged and older Hispanic/Latino adults.
Latent profile analysis of neurocognitive test scores was the primary analysis conducted.
The target population consists of middle‐aged and older Hispanic/Latino adults enrolled in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos and ancillary Study of Latinos ‐ Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging.
A case report of loss of thyroid transcription factor 1 expression in lung adenocarcinoma EBUS FNA
Authors: Mathew Hitesh , Bartle‐Jones Ros 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe present a case report of a 76‐year‐old male with a histologically confirmed KRAS mutated, thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF1) positive, grade 1, mucinous adenocarcinoma with cytologically difficult to interpret lymph node metastasis showing loss of TTF1 expression and overlapping features with goblet cell hyperplasia. The case highlights the importance of molecular testing in aiding diagnosis and guiding treatment of non‐small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC).
Intersection of coral molecular responses to a localized mortality event and ex situ deoxygenation
Authors: Strader Marie E. , Wright Rachel M. , Pezner Ariel K. , Nuttall Marissa F. , Aichelman Hannah E. , Davies Sarah W. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn July 2016, East Bank of Flower Garden Banks (FGB) National Marine Sanctuary experienced a localized mortality event (LME) of multiple invertebrate species that ultimately led to reductions in coral cover. Abiotic data taken directly after the event suggested that acute deoxygenation contributed to the mortality. Despite the large impact of this event on the coral community, there was no direct evidence that this LME was driven by acute deoxygenation, and thus we explored whether gene expression responses of corals to the LME would indicate what abiotic factors may have contributed to the LME. Gene expression of affected and unaffected corals sampled during the mortality event revealed evidence of the physiological consequences of the LME on coral hosts and their algal symbionts from two congeneric species (Orbicella franksi and Orbicella faveolata). Affected colonies of both species differentially regulated genes involved in mitochondrial regulation and oxidative stress. To further test the hypothesis that deoxygenation led to the LME, we measured coral host and algal symbiont gene expression in response to ex situ experimental deoxygenation (control = 6.9 ± 0.08 mg L−1, anoxic = 0.083 ± 0.017 mg L−1) in healthy O. faveolata colonies from the FGB. However, this deoxygenation experiment revealed divergent gene expression patterns compared to the corals sampled during the LME and was more similar to a generalized coral environmental stress response. It is therefore likely that while the LME was connected to low oxygen, it was a series of interconnected stressors that elicited the unique gene expression responses observed here. These in situ and ex situ data highlight how field responses to stressors are unique from those in controlled laboratory conditions, and that the complexities of deoxygenation events in the field likely arise from interactions between multiple environmental factors simultaneously.
Acoustic difference in advertisement calls among two sympatric Boulenophrys species: A confirmatory case to acoustic niche hypothesis and morphological constraint hypothesis
Authors: Shen Tuo , Liu Jing , Tang Xiujun , Peng Caichun , Li Shize , Feng Chaobo , Mu Lang , Su Haijun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn anurans, acoustic communication is the most important form of communication at the interspecific and intraspecific levels. Acoustic diagnostic features may be a potential alternative to morphometric and molecular diagnostics. Here, we assessed the variations in advertisement calls between two sympatric species, Boulenophrys leishanensis and Boulenophrys spinata, that share their breeding season and breeding sites. In addition, we investigated any potential relationships between call parameters and body size. We found that the advertisement calls of both species are simple calls. The two species exhibited significant differences in all call parameters. Both B. leishanensis and B. spinata showed a significant negative correlation with their body size on dominant frequency. These differences in call parameters may play an important role in interspecific recognition. Additionally, because intraspecific acoustic variation reflects body size, calls may be relevant for sexual selection. Our study supports the acoustic niche hypothesis and the morphological constraint hypothesis and calls are a valid tool for distinguishing between the two species of Boulenophrys in the field.
Experimental research based on robot‐assisted surgery: Lower limb fracture reduction surgery planning navigation system
Authors: Du Hanwen , Wu Geyang , Hu Ying , He Yucheng , Zhang Peng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsLower extremity fracture reduction surgery is a key step in the treatment of lower extremity fractures. How to ensure high precision of fracture reduction while reducing secondary trauma during reduction is a difficult problem in current surgery.MethodsFirst, segmentation and three‐dimensional reconstruction are performed based on fracture computed tomography images. A cross‐sectional point cloud extraction algorithm based on the normal filtering of the long axis of the bone is designed to obtain the cross‐sectional point clouds of the distal bone and the proximal bone, and the optimal reset target pose of the broken bone is obtained by using the iterative closest point algorithm. Then, the optimal reset sequence of reset parameters was determined, combined with the broken bone collision detection algorithm, a surgical planning algorithm for lower limb fracture reset was proposed, which can effectively reduce the reset force while ensuring the accuracy of the reset process without collision.ResultsThe average error of the reduction of the model bone was within 1.0 mm. The reduction operation using the planning and navigation system of lower extremity fracture reduction surgery can effectively reduce the reduction force. At the same time, it can better ensure the smooth change of the reduction force.ConclusionPlanning and navigation system of lower extremity fracture reduction surgery is feasible and effective.
Association of IL‐33 in modeling type‐2 airway inflammation and pulmonary emphysema in mice
Authors: Miyaoka Chika , Watanabe Masato , Nakamoto Keitaro , Yoshida Yuki , Hirata Aya , Aso Jumpei , Nunokawa Hiroki , Ishida Manabu , Honda Koujiro , Takata Saori , Saraya Takeshi , Ishii Haruyuki 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe developed pulmonary emphysema and a type 2 airway inflammation overlap mouse model. The bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) interleukin 13 (IL‐13), IL‐4, and IL‐5 levels in the overlap model were higher than in the pulmonary emphysema model and lower than in the type 2 airway inflammation model, but IL‐33 level in the lung was higher than in other models. IL‐33 and interferon‐γ (IFNγ) in lungs may control the severity of a type 2 airway inflammation in lung.image
The impact of internal iliac artery ligation on hormonal and functional ovarian reserve parameters: A case–control study in patients with postpartum hemorrhage in sub‐Saharan Africa
Authors: Birge Özer , Kayar İlkan , Çetin Ferhat 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe study aims to evaluate the long‐term impact of internal iliac artery ligation (IIAL) on ovarian hormonal and functional changes in women. The procedure is often used for postpartum hemorrhage and is considered uterus‐sparing. However, its effects on ovarian reserve and fertility preservation remain controversial.MethodsThis is a retrospective, case–control study involving consecutive female patients aged 17–47 years. These patients underwent successful bilateral IIAL due to severe postpartum hemorrhage between January 2022 and December 2022. The control group included women of matching age, parity, and body mass index (BMI) who did not undergo IIAL. Both groups were followed for 6 months to measure follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels, antral follicle counts, and ovarian volume.ResultsThe study comprised 62 patients in the IIAL group and 86 in the control group. No significant differences were found in FSH and LH levels between the two groups (P > 0.05). However, the numbers of antral follicles in both the right and left ovaries were significantly lower in the IIAL group than in the control group (P < 0.05). Ovarian volume did not show a significant difference between the groups (P > 0.05).ConclusionThe findings suggest that IIAL leads to a significant decrease in the number of ovarian follicles at 6 months post‐operation. However, it does not significantly impact FSH and LH levels or ovarian volume.
Modified Frailty Index Associates With Transoral Robotic Surgery Complications and Survival: A National Database Study
Authors: Jain Amiti , Goldberg Zachary N. , Briggs Erin , Amin Dev R. , Urdang Zachary D. , Goldman Richard A. , Cognetti David M. , Curry Joseph M. 
Published: April 2024

ObjectiveThe modified frailty index (mFI‐5) is a National Surgical Quality Improvement Program‐derived 5‐factor index that has been proven to reflect frailty and predict morbidity and mortality. We hypothesize that mFI‐5 is a valid predictive measure in the transoral robotic surgery (TORS) population.MethodsRetrospective study utilizing the TriNetX US‐collaborative health records network querying for TORS patients. Cohorts were stratified by mFI‐5 score which uses five ICD‐10 codes: nonindependent functional status, hypertension, obstructive respiratory disease, heart failure, and diabetes mellitus. Cohorts were matched by age using propensity score matching. Outcome measures included survival, infection, pneumonia, tracheostomy dependence, and percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy dependence. Reported odds ratios were normalized to mFI‐5 = 0.ResultsA total of 9,081 patients were included in the final analysis. Greater mFI‐5 scores predicted decreased survival and increased incidence of postoperative infection and pneumonia. Odds of 5‐year mortality were 1.93 (p = 0.0003) for mFI‐5 = 2 and 1.90 (p = 0.0002) for mFI‐5 = 3. Odds of 2‐year mortality were 1.25 (p = 0.0125) for mFI‐5 = 1, 1.58 (p = 0.0002) for mFI‐5 = 2, and 1.87 (p = 0.003) for mFI‐5 = 3. Odds of postoperative infection were 1.51 (p = 0.02) for mFI‐5 = 2 and 1.78 (p = 0.05) for mFI‐5 = 3. Two‐year odds of developing pneumonia were 1.69 (p = 0.0001) for mFI‐5 = 2 and 2.84 (p < 0.0001) for mFI‐5 = 3. Two‐month odds of pneumonia were 1.50 (p = 0.0259) for mFI‐5 = 2 and 2.55 (p = 0.0037) for mFI‐5 = 3. mFI‐5 = 4 or 5 had too few patients to analyze. Using polynomial regression to model age versus incident 5‐year post‐TORS death (R2 = 0.99), mFI‐5 scores better predicted survival than age alone.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that mFI‐5 predicts mortality, pneumonia, and postoperative infection independently of age.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 134:4278–4283, 2024
Detecting Misfolded α‐Synuclein in Blood Years before the Diagnosis of Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Kluge Annika , Schaeffer Eva , Bunk Josina , Sommerauer Michael , Röttgen Sinah , Schulte Claudia , Roeben Benjamin , von Thaler Anna‐Katharina , Welzel Julius , Lucius Ralph , Heinzel Sebastian , Xiang Wei , Eschweiler Gerhard W. , Maetzler Walter , Suenkel Ulrike , Berg Daniela 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundIdentifying individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) already in the prodromal phase of the disease has become a priority objective for opening a window for early disease‐modifying therapies.ObjectiveThe aim was to evaluate a blood‐based α‐synuclein seed amplification assay (α‐syn SAA) as a novel biomarker for diagnosing PD in the prodromal phase.MethodsIn the TREND study (University of Tuebingen) biennial blood samples of n = 1201 individuals with/without increased risk for PD were taken prospectively over 4 to 10 years. We retrospectively analyzed blood samples of 12 participants later diagnosed with PD during the study to detect and amplify pathological α‐syn conformers derived from neuronal extracellular vesicles using (1) immunoblot analyses with an antibody against these conformers and (2) an α‐syn‐SAA. Additionally, blood samples of n = 13 healthy individuals from the TREND cohort and n = 20 individuals with isolated rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) from the University Hospital Cologne were analyzed.ResultsAll individuals with PD showed positive immunoblots and a positive α‐syn SAA at the time of diagnosis. Moreover, all PD patients showed a positive α‐syn SAA 1 to 10 years before clinical diagnosis. In the iRBD cohort, 30% showed a positive α‐syn SAA. All healthy controls had a negative SAA.ConclusionsWe here demonstrate the possibility to detect and amplify pathological α‐syn conformers in peripheral blood up to 10 years before the clinical diagnosis of PD in individuals with and without iRBD. The findings of this study indicate that this blood‐based α‐syn SAA assay has the potential to serve as a diagnostic biomarker for prodromal PD. © 2024 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Analysis and design of a wide stop‐band and high out‐of‐band suppression BPF
Authors: Guo Gui‐Qiang , Liu Hao , Su Guo‐Dong , Liu Jun , Wang Junchao , Sun Lingling 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis paper proposes a wide bandpass filter (BPF) with high out‐of‐band suppression and wide stop‐band characteristics. An interdigital coupled line structure loaded by a rectangular resonator ring is employed to generate three transmission poles in the pass‐band and an additional transmission zero (TZ) in the stop‐band, thereby achieving a wider pass‐band while enhancing stop‐band suppression. Compared to traditional coupled‐line structures, the structure mentioned in this paper offers significant advantages in designing filters with wide stop‐bands and high out‐of‐band suppression. Furthermore, open‐circuit T‐stub, and a pair of open‐circuit stub are used to generate multiple parasitic TZs at high frequencies, which is adopted to further expand the stop‐band range. Measurement results shows that the insertion loss of the BPF is of −2.86 dB within the range of 7.05–12.20 GHz. The stop‐band ranges from 13 to 48 GHz with an out‐of‐band suppression of −27 dB, especially when the out‐of‐band suppression is −40 dB, the stop‐band frequency range is 16.40–31.35 GHz.
Multifunctional coatings for solar module glass
Authors: Song Ning , Chang Nathan , Gentle Angus , Zeng Yiyu , Jiang Yajie , Wu Yanfang , Deng Shuo , Cheng Yuhao , Huang Jialiang , Zhou Zibo , Keevers Mark , Green Martin A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCurrently, single‐layer antireflection coated (SLARC) solar glass has a dominant market share of 95% compared to glass with other coatings or no coating, for Si PV modules. This antireflection coating (ARC) results in an efficiency gain of 2–3%. However, there are issues with these SLARCs: (1) solar cell warming due to increased sub‐bandgap light absorption (by +0.4 ~ 1.2 K), counteracting the cell current gain and accelerating the aging of the solar panels, and (2) poor durability due to the coating's porous structure (typically lasting ≤5 years). This paper aims to develop a non‐porous multilayer coating (MLC) that is more durable and will act as a spectrally selective filter for solar modules. Studies have been conducted on MLCs in terms of optical, microstructure, mechanical, and durability properties compared with commercial single‐layer AR coatings. The MLCs showed superior performance in durability and benefit in reducing parasitic heat absorption in the non‐usable wavelength range. Also, a techno‐economic analysis model based on the multifunctional coating specifically to evaluate economic benefits has been developed.
Longitudinal mediation effect of hassles between neuroticism and dimensions of the tripartite model in college students
Authors: Du Wenxin , Wang Jieyi , Li Qi , Lu Shan , Xiao Jing 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study addresses a gap in the literature by exploring the longitudinal effects of hassles in mediating the relationship between neuroticism and the tripartite model of depression and anxiety. The research investigates these associations in a large sample of university students, utilising baseline and 6‐month follow‐up data. Initial assessments involved participants completing measures for neuroticism, depression and anxiety symptoms, and the occurrence of stress, followed by monthly assessments of stress, anxiety symptom and mood symptoms over a 6‐month period. Our results illuminate the mediating role of daily hassles in the relationship between neuroticism and various dimensions of anxiety and depression, including general distress, specific depression, and anxiety symptoms. These findings underscore the significant impact of neuroticism and hassles on a broad spectrum of mood symptoms, offering valuable insights for both research and clinical practice. Discussions around the implications of these findings are provided in the our paper, where we also outline potential directions for future research and clinical applications.
Strategic decision‐making at platform transitions: The case of Nokia (2010–2011)
Authors: Vuori Timo O. , Tushman Michael L. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractResearch SummaryWe develop new theory on incumbent firms' strategic decision‐making and the associated emotional dynamics at platform transitions. Based on in‐depth interviews with Nokia's senior leaders about their decision to adopt the Windows platform in 2011, we suggest that highly capable platform companies' entry into the established phone industry invalidated senior leaders' long‐held core assumptions about the industry, triggering existential anxiety and stunting self‐regulation. Distinct mechanisms then influenced senior leaders' emotions toward external platform options—myopic appraisals of firm competitiveness inside a platform (vs. platform competitiveness against other platforms), appraisals of changing firm boundaries, and emotional resonance of potential partners. These emotions contributed to emotional drift, with top managers ultimately favoring the emotionally attractive option. Our theorizing extends theory on platforms, strategy, and emotion.Managerial SummaryThis research provides fresh insights into how emotions play a crucial role in incumbent firms' strategic choices, especially in the context of evolving technology platforms and major industry shifts. Our research focused on Nokia's 2011 decision to adopt the Windows platform. We discovered that when new players, like platform companies, enter a market, they can unsettle longstanding beliefs, causing anxiety and decision‐making challenges among top management. Specifically, we found that executives often focus too narrowly on their firm's ability to compete within a new platform rather than the platform's overall competitiveness. Additionally, changes in company boundaries and the emotional appeal of potential partners significantly influence these decisions. Executives' analyses emotionally drift such that they start favoring the emotionally attractive options.
Custom‐Design of Multi‐Stimuli‐Responsive Degradable Silica Nanoparticles for Advanced Cancer‐Specific Chemotherapy
Authors: Zhang Junjie , Zhou Jiani , Tang Longguang , Ma Jiayi , Wang Ying , Yang Hui , Wang Xiaoxiao , Fan Wenpei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractChemotherapy is crucial in oncology for combating malignant tumors but often encounters obatacles such as severe adverse effects, drug resistance, and biocompatibility issues. The advantages of degradable silica nanoparticles in tumor diagnosis and treatment lie in their ability to target drug delivery, minimizing toxicity to normal tissues while enhancing therapeutic efficacy. Moreover, their responsiveness to both endogenous and exogenous stimuli opens up new possibilities for integrating multiple treatment modalities. This review scrutinizes the burgeoning utility of degradable silica nanoparticles in combination with chemotherapy and other treatment modalities. Commencing the elucidation of degradable silica synthesis and degradation mechanisms, emphasis is placed on the responsiveness of these materials to endogenous (e.g., pH, redox reactions, hypoxia, and enzymes) and exogenous stimuli (e.g., light and high‐intensity focused ultrasound). Moreover, this exploration delves into strategies harnessing degradable silica nanoparticles in chemotherapy alone, coupled with radiotherapy, photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, gas therapy, immunotherapy, starvation therapy, and chemodynamic therapy, elucidating multimodal synergies. Concluding with an assessment of advances, challenges, and constraints in oncology, despite hurdles, future investigations are anticipated to augment the role of degradable silica in cancer therapy. These insights can serve as a compass for devising more efficacious combined tumor treatment strategies.