bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Capacity Building for University–Industry Linkages in Developing	Countries
Authors: Schiller Daniel , Brimble Peter 
Published: April 2009

The aim of this article is to analyse the impact of academic capacity building on university–industry–linkages (UILs) and to identify a set of critical success factors to guide improvements of university–industry knowledge transfers in developing countries. Extensive empirical evidence from a unique case of academic institution building and efforts to improve UILs in the context of a developing country—the Thai Higher Education Development Project (HEDP)—is used. Since the Thai HEDP combines the enhancement of both core academic missions and UIL activities within newly founded centres, it provides an interesting case study to support the cross-fertilization of ideas and academic entrepreneurship. The article is organised as follows: (i) A generic overview of UILs in Thailand is presented to place the establishment and evolution of the centres into perspective; (ii) The quantitative relevance of UILs at the centres is measured and considered by looking at their sources of income generation; (iii) Approaches and best practices of the centres towards UILs are discussed with the help of qualitative analysis; (iv) The empirical results are used to identify critical success factors for UILs, and their potential for cross-fertilisation of academic tasks in developing countries.
Molecular stratification model for prognosis in cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Santamaría Carlos M. , Chillón María C. , García-Sanz Ramón , Pérez Cristina , Caballero María D. , Ramos Fernando , de Coca Alfonso García , Alonso José M. , Giraldo Pilar , Bernal Teresa , Queizán José A. , Rodriguez Juan N. , Fernández-Abellán Pascual , Bárez Abelardo , Peñarrubia María J. , Balanzategui Ana , Vidriales María B. , Sarasquete María E. , Alcoceba Miguel , Díaz-Mediavilla Joaquín , San Miguel Jesús F. , Gonzalez Marcos 
Published: April 2009

Abstract
We have evaluated 9 new molecular markers (ERG, EVI1, MLL-PTD, MN1, PRAME, RHAMM, and WT1 gene-expression levels plus FLT3 and NPM1 mutations) in 121 de novo cytogenetically normal acute myeloblastic leukemias. In the multivariate analysis, high ERG or EVI1 and low PRAME expressions were associated with a shorter relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). A 0 to 3 score was given by assigning a value of 0 to favorable parameters (low ERG, low EVI1, and high PRAME) and 1 to adverse parameters. This model distinguished 4 subsets of patients with different OS (2-year OS of 79%, 65%, 46%, and 27%; P = .001) and RFS (2-year RFS of 92%, 65%, 49%, and 43%; P = .005). Furthermore, this score identified patients with different OS (P = .001) and RFS (P = .013), even within the FLT3/NPM1 intermediate-risk/high-risk subgroups. Here we propose a new molecular score for cytogenetically normal acute myeloblastic leukemias, which could improve patient risk-stratification.
Synthesis of Several Types of Bridged Nucleic Acids
Authors: Rahman S M Abdur , Imanishi Takeshi , Obika Satoshi 
Published: April 2009

Abstract
A number of bridged nucleic acids with conformationally locked sugar moiety were synthesized from the readily accessible sugar derivatives. The conformations of the sugar moiety of the bridged nucleic acids (BNAs) are locked to either N-type or S-type sugar puckering. This article summarizes the synthesis of these nucleic acid analogues.
Preparation of Cu@Ag Core–Shell Nanoparticles Using a Two-step Polyol Process under Bubbling of N2 Gas
Authors: Tsuji Masaharu , Hikino Sachie , Sano Yoshiyuki , Horigome Misao 
Published: April 2009

Abstract
Cu core–Ag shell nanoparticles, denoted as Cu@Ag, were prepared using a two-step polyol reduction process under bubbling N2 gas. Formation of Cu@Ag particles with an average size of ca. 80 nm was confirmed using energy-dispersed X-ray spectroscopic (EDS) measurements. The Cu particle oxidation was suppressed greatly by Ag shell covering.
Selective Uptake of Aromatic Compounds from Aqueous Solutions by Mg–Al Layered Double Hydroxide Intercalated with 2,7-Naphthalenedisulfonate
Authors: Kameda Tomohito , Yamazaki Takashi , Yoshioka Toshiaki 
Published: April 2009

Abstract
Mg–Al layered double hydroxide intercalated with 2,7-naphthalenedisulfonate ions (2,7-NDS·Mg–Al LDH) selectively absorbs aromatic compounds from aqueous solutions. The amount of material absorbed by 2,7-NDS·Mg–Al LDH depends on the electron-donating or electron-withdrawing properties of the functional groups on the molecules to be absorbed. The absorption mechanism is dependent on the π–π stacking interactions between the aromatic ring of the molecules to be absorbed and the naphthalene moiety of 2,7-NDS2−.
Expeditious Construction of Quinazolines via Brønsted Acid-induced C–H Activation: Further Extension of “tert-Amino Effect”
Authors: Mori Keiji , Ohshima Yoshitaka , Ehara Kensuke , Akiyama Takahiko 
Published: April 2009

Abstract
A simple method for the synthesis of quinazolines was developed by exploiting the “tert-amino effect.” A catalytic amount of Brønsted acid (TsOH·H2O) worked as an effective activator for the concise construction of a quinazoline framework from o-formylaniline and amine.
Drastic Change in Dimensional Structures of d-Penicillaminato (AuI2PtII2ZnII)n Coordination Polymers by Moderate Change in Solution pH
Authors: Konno Takumi , Yoshinari Nobuto , Taguchi Mai , Igashira-Kamiyama Asako 
Published: April 2009

Abstract
Treatment of an aqueous solution containing cis and trans isomers of a S-bridged tetranuclear AuI2PtII2 complex, [Au2{Pt(d-pen-N,S)2}2]2− ([1]2−), newly prepared from [Au(d-pen-S)2]3− and [PtCl4]2−, with Zn2+ at pH ≈5 gave a 3D porous (AuI2PtII2ZnII)n coordination polymer 2, in which trans-[1]2− units are linked by Zn2+. On the other hand, a 1D helix (AuI2PtII2ZnII)n coordination polymer 3, in which trans-[1]2− units are linked by [Zn(H2O)2]2+, was produced by similar treatment at pH ≈9.
Extension of Frozen-orbital Analysis to the Tamm–Dancoff Approximation to Time-dependent Density Functional Theory
Authors: Imamura Yutaka , Baba Takeshi , Nakai Hiromi 
Published: April 2009

Abstract
Frozen-orbital analysis (FZOA), which has been proposed in order to analyze excitations between degenerate orbitals, is extended to the Tamm–Dancoff approximation to time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT/TDA). FZOA for TDDFT/TDA with BLYP and B3LYP is applied to a CO molecule, and the difference between TDDFT/TDA and configuration interaction singles (CIS) is discussed.
A Novel Method for Preparing Silanols from Silylmethanols
Authors: Takeda Daisuke , Oyama Ryo , Yamada Shozo 
Published: April 2009

Abstract
Various types of silylmethanols were converted into their corresponding silanols in good to excellent yield under mild oxidation conditions using TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxyl).
Internal Alkyne-to-vinylidene Isomerization at Cationic Ruthenium and Iron Complexes
Authors: Mutoh Yuichiro , Ikeda Yousuke , Kimura Yusuke , Ishii Youichi 
Published: April 2009

Abstract
Cationic ruthenium and iron complexes [CpM(PP)]+ (Cp = η5-C5H5; M = Ru and Fe; PP = Ph2PCH2CH2PPh2, 2PPh3) can affect vinylidene rearrangement of general internal alkynes via the 1,2-migration of aryl and alkyl groups. Judging from the migratory aptitude of substituted aryl groups, the present reaction is viewed as an uncommon electrophilic rearrangement.
In‐task and post‐task affective response to exercise: Translating exercise intentions into behaviour
Authors: Kwan Bethany M. , Bryan Angela 
Published: April 2009

ObjectivesTo test whether affective response to an acute bout of exercise can predict regular voluntary exercise, and specifically whether a positive affective response helps translate intentions into behaviour.DesignA prospective correlational design.MethodsParticipants (N=127) recruited from the community reported intentions to engage in voluntary exercise and frequency of participation in voluntary exercise both at baseline and at a 3‐month follow‐up. Self‐reported positive affect, negative affect, tranquillity, and fatigue were assessed during a bout of moderate intensity exercise.ResultsWithin subject slopes for increases in positive affect and decreases in fatigue during exercise, and increased tranquillity and decreased fatigue post‐exercise were associated with more frequent participation in exercise at follow‐up. Changes in negative affect did not predict exercise at follow‐up; however, this was likely due to floor effects leading to lack of baseline variability in negative affect. Importantly, a positive affective response to exercise moderated the intention–behaviour relationship, such that those who responded to exercise more favourably exhibited stronger relationships between intentions and future exercise behaviourConclusionsWe conclude that exercise‐related increases in positive affect and tranquillity and decreases in feelings of fatigue can aid in the successful translation of exercise intentions into behaviour.
Preliminary Evaluation of Selected Hockey Equipment Tested according to EN TS15256: Protective Clothing—Hand, Arm, Leg, Genital, and Neck Protectors for Use in Ice Hockey—Protectors for Players Other than Goalkeepers—Requirements and Test Methods
Authors: Bishop Patrick J. 
Published: April 2009

Abstract
Several randomly selected models of three types of protective equipment for ice hockey, protective cups, shoulder pads, and shin pads, were tested according to CEN/TS 15256. Three of the nine models of genital protectors, three of the four models of shoulder pads, and four of the fifteen models of shin pads exceeded the threshold limits defined in the Technical Specification. However, these results were not well correlated with injury data to these regions of the body as provided by Hockey Canada. It would appear that the test protocols stated in TS 15256 are not reflective of the reality of the game of ice hockey and if used are likely to drive very adequately functioning equipment from the hockey market. Substantial changes to the test methods must be considered as standards and technical specifications, or both, for personal protective equipment for ice hockey are developed.
Long-Term Outdoor Weathering Study of Construction Sealants
Authors: Bull Errol D. , Lucas Gary M. 
Published: April 2009

Abstract
Long-term weather resistance is an important factor to consider when selecting a sealant product for use as an exterior weatherseal for construction applications. The weathering performance of sealants used in these applications can be dependent upon sealant type, sealant chemistry, product formulation, building location, climate, and joint orientation, among other factors. This paper compares and shows the long-term performance of three construction sealant types: silicone, polyurethane, and acrylic terpolymer. Performance attributes such as toughness, flexibility, adhesion, and physical degradation (i.e., reversion, cracking, hardness, etc.) are compared after a 22 year exposure to outdoor weathering in South Florida.
Crack Size Evaluation Using Unloading Compliance in Single-Specimen Single-Edge-Notched Tension Fracture Toughness Testing
Authors: Shen G. , Tyson W. R. 
Published: April 2009

Abstract
Crack-mouth-opening displacement (CMOD) unloading compliances of single-edge-notched tension (SE(T)) specimens, both pin-loaded and clamped, have been evaluated by finite element analysis (FEA), including evaluation of the effect of rotation during testing on compliance. For pin-loaded specimens, FEA results are compared with compliance correction equations based on a rigid-body rotation model recommended by Joyce and Link. The results agree reasonably well when the load line is far from the midsection of the ligament. However, the discrepancy increases when the load line approaches the midsection of the ligament where the bending load becomes small or negligible compared with the tension component and the rigid-rotation model breaks down. For clamped SE(T) specimens, factors affecting specimen rotation, such as the ratio H/W of span between load points H to width of the specimen W, normalized crack size, a/W, and material strain hardening coefficient, N, were investigated. This work was performed for specific application to surface circumferential cracks in pipes, for which the best constraint matching has been found to occur for clamped specimens with H/W = 10. For this geometry, an equation is proposed to correct compliance for rotation and to estimate crack size from rotation-corrected CMOD compliance. Crack sizes evaluated using this equation are compared with measurements on broken specimens. Excellent agreement has been achieved for initial and final crack sizes of both plain-sided and side-grooved SE(T) specimens.
More Information, Less Understanding: A Randomized Study on Consent Issues in Neonatal Research
Authors: Freer Yvonne , McIntosh Neil , Teunisse Saskia , Anand Kanwaljeet J. S. , Boyle Elaine M. 
Published: April 2009

BACKGROUND. Valid consent for research requires comprehensive and understandable information to be disclosed to participants. The way that information is shared varies, but regulatory bodies usually determine style. Some reports have suggested that although information may be all-inclusive, it does little to support understanding.
OBJECTIVE. To explore the impact of various information-sharing approaches on parents' understanding of a research study and the validity of their consent.
METHODS. This was a randomized, controlled trial. Parents of immature but well infants admitted to a large tertiary NICU in Edinburgh, Scotland, were randomly assigned within 72 hours of their infant's admission to receive 1 of 2 information leaflets, with or without a standardized verbal explanation, for a hypothetical intensive care research study. The leaflets differed in length and in the amount of detail in which the study process, risks, benefits, and patient rights were described. A questionnaire was used to elicit understanding about the purpose of the research, design of the study, procedures involved, and the consent process.
RESULTS. Forty-one parents participated in the study. Those who received the longer leaflet without verbal explanation gained only limited understanding of the purpose of the research. The procedures involved in the study were understood better by those who received the shorter leaflet. Issues relating to consent and study design were readily understood in all groups. Irrespective of documentation style, verbal explanation significantly improved understanding. Differences in understanding had little effect on whether a parent would enroll his or her infant into the study.
CONCLUSIONS. Verbal explanation significantly enhances understanding of the research process for participants regardless of the style of written documentation. However, shorter written information may lead to better understanding than lengthy, more complex documentation.
Stability of Neuromotor Outcomes at 18 and 30 Months of Age After Extremely Low Birth Weight Status
Authors: Peralta-Carcelen Myriam , Moses Marybeth , Adams-Chapman Ira , Gantz Marie , Vohr Betty R. ,   for the NICHD Neonatal Research Network
Published: April 2009

BACKGROUND. Extremely low birth weight (≤1000 g) children have increased rates of cerebral palsy and other abnormal neurologic findings.OBJECTIVE. To investigate the stability of neuromotor findings between 18 and 30 months' adjusted age in extremely low birth weight infants.METHODS. Seven hundred nineteen extremely low birth weight infants with assessments at 18 and 30 months' adjusted age were included in this analysis. At each visit a neurologic examination, the modified gross motor function classification system, and the Bayley Scales of Infant Development II were administered. Logistic regression models were constructed to assess neonatal factors and neuromotor function at 18 months of age associated with stability in neuromotor function.RESULTS. Eighty-four percent of the children had agreement in neurologic/motor function at both visits. However, classification changed from normal to abnormal in 6% and from abnormal to normal in 10%. Diagnosis of cerebral palsy was consistent for 91% of the children, and the gross motor function classification system score was consistent for 83%. In multivariate models, factors associated with decreased severity or absence of cerebral palsy diagnosis at 30 months of age were higher gestational age, no periventricular leukomalacia or severe intraventricular hemorrhage, and a gross motor function classification system score of 0 (normal) at the 18-month visit, whereas factors associated with a new cerebral palsy diagnosis at 30 months of age were postnatal steroid use, periventricular leukomalacia or severe intraventricular hemorrhage, a gross motor function classification system score of ≥1 at 18 months of age, and asymmetrical limb movement at 18 months of age.CONCLUSIONS. Stability of neurologic diagnosis in 84% and cerebral palsy in 91% of the children is reassuring. However, for a significant percentage of children, the neurologic diagnosis changes between 18 and 30 months of age. The diagnosis of cerebral palsy may be delayed in some infants until an older adjusted age.
First-Week Protein and Energy Intakes Are Associated With 18-Month Developmental Outcomes in Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants
Authors: Stephens Bonnie E. , Walden Rachel V. , Gargus Regina A. , Tucker Richard , McKinley Leslie , Mance Martha , Nye Julie , Vohr Betty R. 
Published: April 2009

OBJECTIVE. We sought to evaluate the association between early protein and energy intake and neurodevelopment and growth of extremely low birth weight (&lt;1000 g) infants.
STUDY DESIGN. Daily protein and energy intakes were collected by chart review for the first 4 weeks of life on 148 extremely low birth weight survivors. A total of 124 infants (84%) returned for evaluation at 18 months' corrected age. Bivariate analysis tested correlations between weekly protein or energy intakes and Bayley Mental Development Index, Psychomotor Development Index, or growth at 18 months. Separate regression models evaluated contributions of protein (grams per kilogram per day) and energy intake (kilojoules per kilogram per day) to the Mental Development Index, Psychomotor Development Index, and growth, while controlling for known confounders.
RESULTS. After adjusting for confounding variables, week 1 energy and protein intakes were each independently associated with the Mental Development Index. During week 1, every 42 kJ (10 kcal)/kg per day were associated with a 4.6-point increase in the Mental Development Index and each gram per kilogram per day in protein intake with an 8.2-point increase in the Mental Development Index; higher protein intake was also associated with lower likelihood of length &lt;10th percentile.
CONCLUSIONS. Increased first-week protein and energy intakes are associated with higher Mental Development Index scores and lower likelihood of length growth restrictions at 18 months in extremely low birth weight infants. Emphasis should be placed on providing more optimal protein and energy during this first week.
Intrauterine Inflammation, Neonatal Sepsis, and Chronic Lung Disease: A 13-Year Hospital Cohort Study
Authors: Lahra Monica M. , Beeby Philip J. , Jeffery Heather E. 
Published: April 2009

OBJECTIVE. To determine the impact of intrauterine inflammation of maternal (chorioamnionitis) and fetal (umbilical vasculitis) origin and neonatal sepsis on the development of neonatal chronic lung disease in preterm infants.METHODS. This study was conducted at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital in Sydney, Australia. All infants born at &lt;30 weeks' gestation, admitted to the NICU, and surviving to 36 weeks' corrected gestation during 1992–2004 were eligible. Infants with major congenital abnormalities and those without placental examination were excluded. Antenatal and perinatal data extracted from hospital databases were correlated with the independent, central neonatal database and diagnostic laboratory reports. Neonatal sepsis was categorized according to blood culture isolates into 3 groups: coagulase-negative staphylococci, other bacteria, and Candida species.RESULTS. There were 798 eligible infants born during the study period, and 761 (95.4%) had placental examination. The mean gestational age was 27.4 ± 1.5 weeks. Antenatal maternal steroids were given to 94.4%. Regression analysis showed that chorioamnionitis with umbilical vasculitis and increasing gestation were associated with reduced odds of chronic lung disease. Chorioamnionitis without umbilical vasculitis showed a trend to reduced odds of chronic lung disease. Birth weight at &lt;3rd percentile and neonatal sepsis were associated with increased odds of chronic lung disease.CONCLUSIONS. A fetal inflammatory response is protective for chronic lung disease. Neonatal sepsis is strongly associated with chronic lung disease, and the infecting organism is important. Coagulase-negative staphylococcal infection confers a risk for chronic lung disease similar to that of other bacteremias. Candidemia confers the greatest risk of chronic lung disease.
Prenatal, Perinatal, and Neonatal Factors Associated With Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Bilder Deborah , Pinborough-Zimmerman Judith , Miller Judith , McMahon William 
Published: April 2009

OBJECTIVE. To investigate prenatal, perinatal, and neonatal risk factors for autism spectrum disorders by using participants identified through broad ascertainment and reliable classification methods.METHODS. The targeted population was 8-year-old children born in 1994 and residing in 1 of the 3 most populous counties in Utah who were identified as having an autism spectrum disorder on the basis of methodology used by the 2002 Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network. Of those identified, 132 children (115 boys, 17 girls) had birth certificate records available. Each child was matched by gender and birth year to 100 controls (11 500 boys, 1700 girls) from the birth certificate database in a nested case-control design. Birth certificate records of participants and controls were surveyed for 23 potentially pathologic prenatal, perinatal, and neonatal factors.RESULTS. The prenatal factors that occurred significantly more frequently among children with autism spectrum disorders were advanced maternal age and parity. Increased duration of education among mothers of children with autism spectrum disorders was small but statistically significant. Significant perinatal factors were breech presentation and primary cesarean delivery. When corrected for breech presentation, a known indication for cesarean delivery, the association between primary cesarean delivery and autism spectrum disorders was eliminated. There were no significant associations found between autism spectrum disorders and neonatal factors.CONCLUSIONS. In the absence of other complications suggesting fetal distress, the association between breech presentation and autism spectrum disorders in this study suggests a shared etiology rather than causal relationship. Additional investigation focused on both genetic and environmental factors that link these autism spectrum disorder risk factors individually or collectively is needed.