bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Classification of Almond Cultivars Using Oil Volatile Compound Determination by HS‐SPME–GC–MS
Authors: Beltrán Sanahuja A. , Ramos Santonja M. , Grané Teruel N. , Martín Carratalá M. L. , Garrigós Selva M. C. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractProtected designations of origin “Alicante” and “Jijona” nougats are manufactured products produced using raw materials from Eastern Spain. In order to avoid adulteration practices, determination of volatile compounds from three different almond cultivars (Spanish Guara and Marcona and, from the USA, Butte) was performed to obtain a set of parameters for discrimination between Spanish and American cultivars. Factorial experimental design was applied for the development of a headspace solid‐phase microextraction–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (HS‐SPME–GC–MS) analytical method for isolation and determination of the volatile compounds in almond oils. Main HS‐SPME variables optimized were extraction temperature, extraction time, and stirring speed. Several volatile compounds including aldehydes, alkanes, alcohols and aromatic hydrocarbons were identified. Multivariate techniques were applied for classification and discrimination of the different almond cultivars studied. Specifically, cluster and stepwise linear discriminant analysis (LDA) were used, with LDA showing the best performance. The results obtained demonstrated that the proposed method combined with multivariate statistical analysis can be successfully applied for discrimination among different almond cultivars.
Frequent users of pornography. A population based epidemiological study of Swedish male adolescents
Authors: Svedin Carl Göran , Åkerman Ingrid , Priebe Gisela 
Published: October 2010

ABSTRACTFrequent use of pornography has not been sufficiently studied before. In a Swedish survey 2015 male students aged 18 years participated. A group of frequent users of pornography (N = 200, 10.5%) were studied with respect to background and psychosocial correlates. The frequent users had a more positive attitude to pornography, were more often “turned on” viewing pornography and viewed more often advanced forms of pornography. Frequent use was also associated with many problem behaviours. A multiple logistic regression analysis showed that frequent users of pornography were more likely to be living in a large city, consuming alcohol more often, having greater sexual desire and had more often sold sex than other boys of the same age.High frequent viewing of pornography may be seen as a problematic behaviour that needs more attention from both parents and teachers and also to be addressed in clinical interviews.
Improving OR Efficiency in a University Medical Center Arthroplastic Surgery Service
Authors: Ngu Jenny Cao 
Published: October 2010

AbstractStaff members in the arthroplastic surgery service at University of California San Francisco Medical Center initiated an multidisciplinary OR efficiency project at the request of the facility's chief executive officer and an arthroplastic surgeon. Elements of the program included forming a consistent team, updating preference cards, starting anesthesia care earlier in the day, working with sterile processing department personnel to improve case cart delivery, improving the turnover routine, and reducing and planning for surgery cancellations. Since the project began in 2004, the surgeon has been able to double his procedure volume in the same amount of time. The surgical team and the program have become an example for the medical center and have influenced the OR culture to focus on efficiency, quality, and accountability.
Incorrect Surgical Counts: A Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Rowlands Aletha , Steeves Richard 
Published: October 2010

AbstractEnsuring that patients remain free of unintended retained foreign bodies is a primary responsibility of perioperative nurses and surgical technologists. However, these incidents continue to occur despite hospital policies and AORN recommended practice guidelines for their prevention. To provide insight into how incorrect surgical counts occur, researchers conducted a qualitative analysis of the tasks and challenges faced by perioperative nurses and surgical technologists in an academic medical center and a community hospital. Using hermeneutic phenomenological methodology, we identified bad behavior, general chaos, and communication difficulties as problems associated with incorrect surgical counts. As point‐of‐care providers, perioperative RNs are well poised to identify problematic areas and design systems and processes that protect patients. Perioperative RNs should consider using red rules or a code of conduct as tools for improving the manual counting process. These strategies could be developed in the shared governance council or a perioperative staff‐led committee to ensure adherence to AORN standards.
Increasing Patient Safety and Surgical Team Communication by Using a Count/Time Out Board
Authors: Edel Elizabeth Morell 
Published: October 2010

AbstractCommunication and collaboration in patient care settings is vital for promoting the best possible patient outcomes. The counting of sponges, sharps, and instruments, and the surgical time out before the start of any surgical procedure are opportunities for the surgical team to address patient safety risks. Personnel in the surgical services department at St Luke's Episcopal Hospital, Houston, Texas, implemented the use of a hanging, magnetic, dry‐erase board that includes the elements of a time out (eg, patient name and identifiers, procedure, site, allergies) and provides a means to document countable items. The board promotes team awareness of this time out and count information at all times during a procedure. Specific magnets on the count board identify items intentionally packed inside the patient to remind the team of the location of these items when the count is reconciled at the end of the procedure. In addition, a process of obtaining an radiograph of items similar to any missing items assists radiologists in identifying the location of retained surgical items. As a result of implementing both changes, our ability to locate missing items has significantly increased.
The 22q11.2 microdeletion: Fifteen years of insights into the genetic and neural complexity of psychiatric disorders
Authors: Drew Liam J. , Crabtree Gregg W. , Markx Sander , Stark Kimberly L. , Chaverneff Florence , Xu Bin , Mukai Jun , Fenelon Karine , Hsu Pei‐Ken , Gogos Joseph A. , Karayiorgou Maria 
Published: October 2010

AbstractOver the last fifteen years it has become established that 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) is a true genetic risk factor for schizophrenia. Carriers of deletions in chromosome 22q11.2 develop schizophrenia at rate of 25–30% and such deletions account for as many as 1–2% of cases of sporadic schizophrenia in the general population. Access to a relatively homogeneous population of individuals that suffer from schizophrenia as the result of a shared etiological factor and the potential to generate etiologically valid mouse models provides an immense opportunity to better understand the pathobiology of this disease. In this review we survey the clinical literature associated with the 22q11.2 microdeletions with a focus on neuroanatomical changes. Then, we highlight results from work modeling this structural mutation in animals. The key biological pathways disrupted by the mutation are discussed and how these changes impact the structure and function of neural circuits is described.
Guestworkers and second-class citizenship
Authors: Stilz Anna 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
This paper takes up the question of rights restrictions for guestworkers from a liberal-democratic perspective. Is it ever legitimate to offer migrants job opportunities in exchange for their agreement to waive rights? If so, are there limits on the rights we can ask guestworkers to give up? I examine three arguments for why rights restrictions on guestworkers should not be allowed: (1) that they require guestworkers to waive an inalienable claim to membership, (2) that they are exploitative, and (3) that they place guestworkers into dominating social relationships in the receiving society. I conclude that none of these arguments can rule out rights restrictions on guestworkers altogether. I then sketch some restrictions that remain permissible even after we take these arguments into account.
Fusion yield: Guderley model and Tsallis statistics
Authors: HAUBOLD H. J. , KUMAR D. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe reaction rate probability integral is extended from Maxwell–Boltzmann approach to a more general approach by using the pathway model introduced by Mathai in 2005 (A pathway to matrix-variate gamma and normal densities.Linear Algebr. Appl.396, 317–328). The extended thermonuclear reaction rate is obtained in the closed form via a Meijer'sG-function and the so-obtainedG-function is represented as a solution of a homogeneous linear differential equation. A physical model for the hydrodynamical process in a fusion plasma-compressed and laser-driven spherical shock wave is used for evaluating the fusion energy integral by integrating the extended thermonuclear reaction rate integral over the temperature. The result obtained is compared with the standard fusion yield obtained by Haubold and John in 1981 (Analytical representation of the thermonuclear reaction rate and fusion energy production in a spherical plasma shock wave.Plasma Phys.23, 399–411). An interpretation for the pathway parameter is also given.
Excavating sponges from the Adriatic Sea: description ofCliona adriaticasp. nov. (Demospongiae: Clionaidae) and estimation of its boring activity
Authors: Calcinai B. , Bavestrello G. , Cuttone G. , Cerrano C. 
Published: October 2010

Boring sponge diversity in the area of the Conero Promontory, the most important rocky emergence on the west coast of the Adriatic Sea (Italy), was assessed. Four species were recorded; one of them,Cliona adriatica, is new and is described here. The new species differs from all the other excavating sponge species, characterized by yellow papillae and lacking or scarcity of microscleres, in the large size of the boring chambers and the presence of numerous styles.Cliona adriaticais present on about 12% of the surface of rocky bottoms in the Conero Promontory area. The impact of this highly destructive species on the carbonatic micritic rock of the promontory was evaluated calculating a relationship between the volume of the boring chambers and the surface of the epilithic portions. Consequently, it was estimated that 1 cm2of epilithic tissue corresponds to 8.5 g of excavated rock. The recorded correlation between the excavated volume and the area of the papillar zone (roughly the area of the substratum affected by the erosion) allows an estimation of the substratum removed by a boring sponge, using only visually oriented, non-destructive, sampling methods.
Verdi, Solera, Piave and the libretto for Attila
Authors: Izzo Francesco 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThis article clarifies the relationship between Verdi and Solera, shows why it broke down in 1846 and discusses Solera's idiosyncratic verses. It also rereads a widely misunderstood letter that Verdi sent to Solera, which contains not only Piave's emendations to the final act of Attila but also Solera's response to them, angrily scribbled over Piave's work.
P-wave dispersion between transcatheter and surgical closure of secundum-type atrial septal defect in childhood
Authors: Baspinar Osman , Sucu Murat , Koruk Senem , Kervancioglu Mehmet , Ustunsoy Hasim , Deniz Hayati , Kilinc Metin 
Published: October 2010

AbstractPatients with atrial septal defect have an increased risk for atrial fibrillation. Increased P-wave dispersion predicts the development of atrial fibrillation. The aim of this study was to determine difference in P dispersion between transcatheter closure with Amplatzer septal occluder and surgical closure in childhood. A total of 68 children (the mean age was 7.2 plus or minus 3.3 years; the mean secundum atrial septal defects diameter was 17.3 plus or minus 5.4 millimetres) were evaluated in this study. Transcatheter closure was attempted in 41 children with secundum atrial septal defects, and the defect in 27 patients was closed by surgical techniques. P maximum, P minimum and P dispersion were measured by the 12-lead surface electrocardiography. P maximum, P minimum and P dispersion were found to be similar in patients with pre- and post-procedure (98.0 plus or minus 19.3 versus 95.1 plus or minus 23.0 milliseconds; 68.0 plus or minus 20.8 versus 67.6 plus or minus 24.3 milliseconds, 29.9 plus or minus 11.0 versus 27.1 plus or minus 12.1 milliseconds, respectively). There was no statistical significance in the comparison of P dispersion between the two groups. But in the surgical group, P-wave dispersion was decreased more significantly compared with baseline values (p-value equal to 0.03). In conclusion, there is no P dispersion between transcatheter closure with Amplatzer septal occluder and surgical closure of secundum atrial septal defect.
Emotions and Their Cognitive Control in Children With Cerebellar Tumors
Authors: HOPYAN TALAR , LAUGHLIN SUZANNE , DENNIS MAUREEN 
Published: October 2010

AbstractA constellation of deficits, termed the cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome (CCAS), has been reported following acquired cerebellar lesions. We studied emotion identification and the cognitive control of emotion in children treated for acquired tumors of the cerebellum. Participants were 37 children (7–16 years) treated for cerebellar tumors (19 benign astrocytomas (AST), 18 malignant medulloblastomas (MB), and 37 matched controls (CON). The Emotion Identification Task investigated recognition of happy and sad emotions in music. In two cognitive control tasks, we investigated whether children could identify emotion in situations in which the emotion in the music and the emotion in the lyrics was either congruent or incongruent. Children with cerebellar tumors identified emotion as accurately and quickly as controls (p > .05), although there was a significant interaction of emotions and group (p < .01), with the MB group performing less accurately identifying sad emotions, and both cerebellar tumor groups were impaired in the cognitive control of emotions (p < .01). The fact that childhood acquired cerebellar tumors disrupt cognitive control of emotion rather than emotion identification provides some support for a model of the CCAS as a disorder, not so much of emotion as of the regulation of emotion by cognition. (JINS, 2010, 16, 1027–1038.)
Using Microscopy to Assess Chorion Structural Integrity and Parasitoid Oviposition Sites on Stink Bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) Eggs
Authors: Koppel A.L. , Herbert D.A. , Westbrook E.W. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractPrevious efficacy studies found that many insecticides used by growers could be having an adverse effect on egg parasitoids (Telenomus podisi) developing in the eggs of the brown stink bug (Euschistus servus), while unhatched stink bugs experienced lower levels of mortality. One plausible explanation for this was that insecticides might enter parasitized eggs more readily via oviposition wounds. Parasitized E. servus eggs, as well as nonparasitized stink bug (Acrosternum hilare, E. servus, Murgantia histrionica, and Podisus maculiventris) eggs, were examined using electron microscopy. Egg response to perforation by a tungsten probe served as a control. Microscopy images depicted the chorion surface as characterized by a matrix of ridges and micropylar processes in a ring around the margin of the operculum. Observations of oviposition sites showed a “scab” formed where the ovipositor penetrated the chorion, and at sites penetrated by the probe. These formations appeared to be the result of fluids from inside the egg leaking out, drying, and hardening after oviposition or probe perforation, suggesting that the response was not due to substances secreted by the parasitoid. Further, no open wounds or holes were seen to increase the possibility of insecticides entering parasitized eggs.
Syndrome of inappropriate anti‐diuretic hormone in Kawasaki disease
Authors: Mori Jiro , Miura Masaru , Shiro Hiroyuki , Fujioka Kenichiro , Kohri Takeo , Hasegawa Tomonobu 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackground:  The pathogenesis of hyponatremia in acute Kawasaki disease (KD) remains unclear. A recent case report of KD complicated by syndrome of inappropriate anti‐diuretic hormone (SIADH) led us to determine the prevalence of SIADH in acute KD patients.Methods:  Subjects were 39 Japanese KD patients (2–84 months of age, 25 males and 14 females) treated with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), 2 g/kg/day and oral aspirin. SIADH was defined when hyponatremic patients (serum sodium concentration <135 mEq/L) had decreased serum osmolality <280 mOsm/kg H2O, elevated urine sodium concentration >20 mEq/L and elevated urine osmolality >100 mOsm/kg H2O without dysfunctions of renal, thyroid or adrenal gland. We also studied the relation between clinical course of SIADH and the amount of infused fluid during IVIG.Results:  Before IVIG, 27 patients (69%) had hyponatremia and 11 (28% of total; 41% of hyponatremic patients) had SIADH while after IVIG, 13 (33%) hyponatremia and four (10%; 31% of hyponatremic patients) SIADH. Among 11 patients with SIADH before IVIG, SIADH improved in 10 after IVIG, but hyponatremia persisted in five. Significant correlation was observed between serum sodium concentration after IVIG and infusion amount in SIADH patients (r=−0.64, P= 0.03), but not in non‐SIADH patients.Conclusions:  This is the first report to show that SIADH is common as a cause of hyponatremia in acute KD and hence careful management of water and sodium is warranted.
Expert Opinion: Efficacy of superficial chemical peels in active acne management – what can we learn from the literature today? Evidence‐based recommendations
Authors: Dréno B , Fischer TC , Perosino E , Poli F , Viera MS , Rendon MI , Berson DS , Cohen JL , Roberts WE , Starker I , Wang B 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackground  Superficial chemical peels offer therapeutic results in a convenient, affordable treatment. Many clinicians use these peels in the treatment of acne and acne‐prone oily skin.Objectives  This article examines the evidence base that supports the widespread use of superficial peels in this setting.Methods  A search of the English language medical literature was performed to identify clinical trials that formally evaluated the use of chemical peeling in active acne.Results  Search of the literature revealed very few clinical trials of peels in acne (N = 13); a majority of these trials included small numbers of patients, were not controlled and were open label. The evidence that is available does support the use of chemical peels in acne as all trials had generally favourable results despite differences in assessments, treatment regimens and patient populations. Notably, no studies of chemical peels have used an acne medication as a comparator. As not every publication specified whether or not concomitant acne medications were allowed, it is hard to evaluate clearly how many of the studies evaluated the effect of peeling alone. This may be appropriate, however, given that few clinicians would use superficial chemical peels as the sole treatment for acne except in rare instances where a patient could not tolerate other treatment modalities.Conclusions  In the future, further study is needed to determine the best use of chemical peels in this indication.
Spectrum of autoantibodies other than anti‐desmoglein in pemphigus patients
Authors: Mejri K. , Abida O. , Kallel‐Sellami M. , Haddouk S. , Laadhar L. , Zarraa I.R. , Ben Ayed M. , Zitouni M. , Mokni M. , Lahmar H. , Fezaa B. , Turki H. , Tron F. , Masmoudi H. , Makni S. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackground  Pemphigus is a life‐threatening autoimmune blistering disease mediated by autoantibodies against adhesion molecule of the skin. Its concurrence with systemic and organ‐specific autoimmune disease was described in case reports.Objectives  To evaluate the presence of a broad spectrum of organ‐specific and non‐organ‐specific autoantibodies other than anti‐desmoglein antibodies in pemphigus patients.Patients and methods  Serum samples were obtained from 105 pemphigus foliaceus (PF) patients, 51 pemphigus vulgaris (PV) patients and 50 controls. Both indirect immunofluorescence assay and ELISA were used to assess the presence of autoantibodies related to connective tissue diseases, autoimmune hepatitis, vasculitis, rheumatoid arthritis, coeliac disease, diabetes and thyroiditis.Results  Significant difference was observed between the three groups for anti‐thyroglobulin antibodies in the pemphigus foliaceus group (18% vs. 4%, P = 0.03). A significantly higher occurrence of IgM anti‐cardiolipin (P = 0.03), IgG anti‐reticulin (P = 0.01) and IgG anti‐gliadin antibodies (P = 0.008) were observed in the PV group. Cases with more than four autoantibodies were frequently positives for both anti‐desmoglein 1 and anti‐desmoglein 3.Conclusion  Autoantibodies other than anti‐desmoglein antibodies are not rare in pemphigus patients. Clinical and serological follow‐up of pemphigus patients with positive autoantibodies are needed to clarify their impact in disease evolution.
Nonverbal Learning Disability explained: the link to shunted hydrocephalus
Authors: Rissman Barbara 
Published: October 2010

Accessible summary

Children with a Nonverbal Learning Disability (NLD) resulting from shunted hydrocephalus and spina bifida face many difficulties not experienced by those with a language learning disability.
As they grow older and more autonomy is expected, friendships became harder to sustain and daily life can be full of fear if the nonverbal learning disability is not identified and managed.
This paper explains the theorised cause of nonverbal learning disability – damage to right hemisphere white matter or myelin.
Damage is believed to cause problems with planning, organisation, time management, problem‐solving, decision‐making and friendships, and the mismatch with articulate speech and a good vocabulary causes a functional profile that is difficult for educationists or nonmedical readers to understand.
By linking the medical condition to the learning disability, this paper aims to reduce misunderstanding and false accusations of laziness. Implications and the Way Forward provide early guidelines to families, educators and others.
The ‘final common pathway’ that links shunted hydrocephalus to nonverbal learning disability is explained in comprehensible language.

SummaryA nonverbal learning disability is believed to be caused by damage, disorder or destruction of neuronal white matter in the brain’s right hemisphere and may be seen in persons experiencing a wide range of neurological diseases such as hydrocephalus and other types of brain injury (Harnadek & Rourke 1994). This article probes the relationship between shunted hydrocephalus and nonverbal learning disability. Description of hydrocephalus and intelligence associated with hydrocephalus concludes with explication of the ‘final common pathway’ that links residual damage caused by the hydrocephalic condition to a nonverbal learning disability (Rourke & Del Dotto 1994, p. 37). The paper seeks to assist teachers, teacher aides, psychologists, guidance officers, support workers, parents and disability service providers whose role is to understand and advocate for individuals with shunted hydrocephalus and spina bifida.