bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Survival, growth characteristics and bioactive potential of Lactobacillus acidophilus in a soy‐based cream cheese
Authors: Liong Min‐Tze , Easa Azhar Mat , Lim Poh‐Tuan , Kang June‐Yan 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: Soy‐based products have received much attention lately as dairy replacers and carriers for probiotics, without the cholesterol and lactose intolerance factors. We have previously developed a soy cream cheese product and would like to evaluate its suitability as a carrier for probiotic microorganisms. Soy cream cheese is commercially uncommon, while a probiotic soy cream cheese is yet to be available in the market.RESULTS: Five strains of probiotics were screened for their α‐galactosidase activity. Lactobacillus acidophilus FTCC 0291 showed the highest α‐galactosidase‐specific activity and was incorporated into soy cream cheese for a storage study of 20 days at 25 and 4 °C. L. acidophilus FTCC 0291 in soy cream cheese at both storage temperatures maintained a viability exceeding 107 CFU g−1 over storage. Oligosaccharide and reducing sugar analyses indicated that L. acidophilus FTCC 0291 was capable of utilizing the existing reducing sugars in soymilk and concurrently hydrolyzing the oligosaccharides into simpler sugars for growth. L. acidophilus FTCC 0291 also produced organic acids, leading to decreased pH. Under low pH and high organic acid concentration, the growth of total aerobes and anaerobes was significantly (P < 0.05) suppressed compared to the control. The hydrolysis of protein in soymilk produced essential growth factors such as peptides and amino acids that may have promoted the growth of L. acidophilus FTCC 0291 and the release of bioactive peptides with in vitro angiotensin I‐converting enzyme inhibitory activity.CONCLUSION: This study showed that soy cream cheese could be used as a carrier for probiotic bacteria, with potential antihypertensive property. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Osteosarcoma in the elderly over 60 years: A multicenter study by the Japanese musculoskeletal oncology group
Authors: Nishida Yoshihiro , Isu Kazuo , Ueda Takafumi , Nishimoto Yutaka , Tsuchiya Hiroyuki , Wada Takuro , Sato Keiji , Tsukushi Satoshi , Sugiura Hideshi 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBackgroundFew studies have described the characteristics and prognostic factors of osteosarcoma patients aged over 60 years.MethodsThe Japanese Musculoskeletal Oncology Group (JMOG) carried out a retrospective review of patients over the age of 60 years with osteosarcoma.ResultsOnly 12 patients had secondary osteosarcoma, with none associated with Paget's disease. The primary disease sites were the extremities in 63% and trunk in 33%. The overall survival was 42.8% and disease‐free survival was 40.8% at 5 years in the high grade group. An univariate analysis indicated that significant poor prognostic factors for overall survival were axial location, lung metastasis at initial presentation, and absence of surgical treatment. Multivariate analysis revealed that a significant poor prognostic factor for overall survival was the absence of surgical treatment. Secondary osteosarcoma did not lower the overall or the disease‐free survival in any group.ConclusionsThe current study indicates that the number of osteosarcoma patients over 60 years is increasing. The number of cases with secondary osteosarcoma over 60 years is relatively small in Japan, with no patients having osteosarcomas related to Paget's disease. Although there is a predilection for axial localization, surgical treatment has a significant impact on patient's prognosis. J. Surg. Oncol. 2009;100:48–54. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Invasive intraductal papillary‐mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas: Comparison with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Murakami Yoshiaki , Uemura Kenichiro , Sudo Takeshi , Hayashidani Yasuo , Hashimoto Yasushi , Nakashima Akira , Sueda Taijiro 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to clarify the clinicopathological differences between patients with invasive intraductal papillary‐mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) of the pancreas and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.MethodsThe medical records of 16 patients with invasive IPMN and 106 patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, who underwent surgical resection, were retrospectively reviewed, and the clinicopathological factors and survival were compared between the two groups.ResultsThe presence of retroperitoneal tissue invasion, portal or splenic vein invasion, nodal involvement, and positive surgical margins were significantly lower in patients with invasive IPMN than in those with ductal adenocarcinoma (P < 0.05). The actuarial 5‐year overall survival rates in patients with invasive IPMN and ductal carcinoma were 40% and 18%, respectively (P = 0.008). However, the actuarial 5‐year survival rate of patients with invasive IPMN was only 27% for UICC stage II disease, although this was significantly higher than that of patients with UICC stage II ductal adenocarcinoma (P = 0.049).ConclusionsInvasive IPMN has a favorable prognosis compared with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma that is likely due to the less aggressive nature of the disease. However, the prognosis for cases of advanced invasive IPMN is not always favorable despite complete tumor resection. J. Surg. Oncol. 2009;100:13–18. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma in a young patient population—12‐year experience at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
Authors: Duffy A. , Capanu M. , Allen P. , Kurtz R. , Olson S.H. , Ludwig E. , Klimstra D.S. , O'Reilly E.M. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBackgroundThere is a dearth of data in a younger population of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PAC) regarding epidemiology, genetics, prognosis, and outcome. This report examines a large cohort of patients with PAC ≤45 years of age evaluated at MSKCC over a 12‐year period.MethodsA retrospective analysis of patients referred to MSKCC with PAC identified from the institutional tumor registry, who were ≤45 years on the date of the diagnostic biopsy, between January 1995 and February 2008, was performed. Information reviewed included demographics, clinical and pathological staging, surgical management, therapy, date of relapse, death or last follow‐up. Survival curves were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method and compared using the log‐rank test.ResultsOne hundred thirty‐six cases of PAC, age ≤45 years at diagnosis, were identified. Seventy‐four (54%) females, 62 (46%) males. Age range: 24–45; 4, 38, and 94 patients in age groups 20–29, 30–39, 40–45 years, respectively. Fifty (37%) had a smoking history. Fourteen (10.3%) had a positive family history of PAC. Thirty‐five (25.7%) underwent a curative resection for localized disease. Twenty‐eight (20.1%) presented with locally advanced, inoperable disease. Sixty‐eight (50%) presented as AJCC Stage IV. Twenty‐three (37%) of those resected underwent adjuvant chemoradiation. Thirteen received adjuvant gemcitabine. The median overall survival for the entire cohort was 12.3 months (95% CI 10.2–14.0 months). The median overall survival for the patients with locally resectable disease was 41.8 months (95% CI 20.3–47 months). The median overall survival for the patients who presented with locally advanced, unresectable disease was 15.3 months (95% CI 12–19.3 months). The median overall survival for those who presented with metastatic disease was 7.2 months (95% CI 5.2–9.5 months).ConclusionsThis is the largest reported cohort of young patients with PAC ≤45 years of age. The data suggest that patients with stages I–II disease may have an improved prognosis, however the prognosis for stages III–IV patients appears to be similar to the typical (older) patient population with PAC. J. Surg. Oncol. 2009;100:8–12. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Properties and Bioapplications of Blended Cellulose and Corn Protein Films
Authors: Yang Quanling , Lue Ang , Qi Haisong , Sun Yunxia , Zhang Xianzheng , Zhang Lina 
Published: April 2009

AbstractA series of blend films have been prepared from cellulose and corn protein in a NaOH/urea solution by a simple, low cost, and ‘green’ pathway. Their structure and properties are characterized by amino acid analysis, X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetry, and tensile testing. The results reveal that a certain miscibility exists between cellulose and corn protein and their thermal stability and mechanical properties are improved significantly, compared with the protein materials, when the protein content is less than 18 wt.‐%. The protein, which contains tyrosine and histidine, could remain in the blend films after being washed for ten days, which indicates the strong hydrogen bonding between the hydroxy groups of cellulose and the hydroxyphenyl of tyrosine and imidazolyl of histidine in the protein. Furthermore, they exhibit good biocompatibility capable of supporting cell adhesion and proliferation.magnified image
Gel‐Like Structure of a Hexadecyl Derivative of Hyaluronic Acid for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis
Authors: Finelli Ivana , Chiessi Ester , Galesso Devis , Renier Davide , Paradossi Gaio 
Published: April 2009

AbstractHyaluronic acid is a polysaccharide with viscoelastic and mechanical properties that are crucial for the normal functioning of osteoarticular junctions. It is demonstrated that introduction of a hexadecyl side chain into HA yields an injectable polysaccharide capable of forming physical hydrogels, which are stable at very low polymer concentrations, whereas native hyaluronic acid forms viscous solutions at concentrations that are ten times higher. Characterization of this system showed that the driving force for its gel‐like behavior is the occurrence of hydrophobic interactions involving aliphatic side chains, despite the low degree of substitution, as confirmed by molecular dynamics simulations of HYADD4 and HA hydrogels.magnified image
Reverse Thermal Organogelation of Poly(ethylene glycol)‐Polypeptide Diblock Copolymers in Chloroform
Authors: Choi Yun Young , Jeong Yuri , Joo Min Kyung , Jeong Byeongmoon 
Published: April 2009

AbstractMost organogel formation has been observed at low temperatures and the gel melts as the temperature increases. As an opposite case to traditional organogels, we report a reverse thermal gelation of methoxy‐aminopoly(ethylene glycol)‐homopolypeptide block‐copolymer chloroform solutions that undergo a sol‐to‐gel transition as the temperature increases. A series of methoxy‐aminopoly(ethylene glycol)‐homopolypeptide block copolymers showing reverse thermal gelation in chloroform was synthesized and we prove that the secondary structure of the polypeptide determines the morphology of the organogel.magnified image
Synthesis of Block Copolymers with a Pentasilane Core
Authors: Morisaki Yasuhiro , Otaka Hiromichi , Naka Kensuke , Chujo Yoshiki 
Published: April 2009

AbstractWe report a new method for the synthesis of block copolymers with a pentasilane core by the polymerization of alkyl methacrylate monomers using the pentasilyl dianion as an initiator. The polymerization proceeded with living features and yielded the corresponding block copolymers with controlled molecular weights. The amphiphilic block copolymer was obtained by the polymer reaction, and it formed sphere‐like aggregates in MeOH/H2O solution.magnified image
Supramolecular Structures Generated by Spherical Polyelectrolyte Brushes and their Application in Catalysis
Authors: Lu Yan , Wittemann Alexander , Ballauff Matthias 
Published: April 2009

AbstractWe survey recent studies on composite particles made from spherical polyelectrolyte brushes (SPB) and catalytically active nanoparticles or enzymes. SPB consist of a solid core (diameter: ca. 100 nm) onto which long chains of anionic or cationic polyelectrolyte (PE) are densely grafted (“PE brush”). Immersed in water the PE layer affixed to the colloidal core will swell due to the enormous osmotic pressure of the confined counterions (“osmotic brush”). This confinement of the counterions can be used to generate metal nanoparticles on the surface of the SPB. Moreover, enzymes can be immobilized within the PE layer. In both cases, the resulting composite particles are stable against coagulation and can be easily handled and filtered off. The catalytic activity of both systems is largely preserved in case of the enzymes, in case of the metal nanoparticles it is even enhanced. Thus, the SPB present an excellent carrier system for applications in catalysis.magnified image
Recent Advances in Solid‐State MAS NMR Methodology for Probing Structure and Dynamics in Polymeric and Supramolecular Systems
Authors: Brown Steven P. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThis article reviews recent applications of novel 1H, 2H, 13C, 15N and 17O solid‐state MAS NMR methods that provide new insight into the structural and dynamic processes that determine the bulk properties of polymeric and supramolecular materials. The review highlights methods that exploit the sensitivity to structure and dynamics of the NMR chemical shift and quadrupolar coupling as well as the through‐space dipolar coupling and through‐bond J coupling. In particular, it is shown that solid‐state NMR exhibits marked sensitivity to key intra‐ and intermolecular hydrogen‐bonding and π–π interactions, allowing, for example, the very accurate determination of internuclear distances as well as the probing of dynamics over a very wide range of timescales.magnified image
Synthesis and Aggregation Behavior of Multi‐Responsive Double Hydrophilic ABC Miktoarm Star Terpolymer
Authors: Zhang Yanfeng , Liu Hao , Hu Jinming , Li Changhua , Liu Shiyong 
Published: April 2009

AbstractWe report the first example of the synthesis and the “schizophrenic” micellization behavior of a multi‐responsive double hydrophilic ABC miktoarm star terpolymer. A well‐defined miktoarm star terpolymer consisting of poly(ethylene glycol), poly(2‐(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate), and poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) arms, PEG(‐b‐PDEA)‐b‐PNIPAM, was synthesized via the combination of atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and click reaction. Containing pH‐responsive PDEA and thermo‐responsive PNIPAM arms, this novel type of miktoarm star terpolymer molecularly dissolves in aqueous solution at acidic pH and room temperature, but supramolecularly self‐assembles into PDEA‐core micelles at alkaline pH and room temperature, and PNIPAM‐core micelles at acidic pH and elevated temperatures. Most importantly, both types of micellar aggregates possess well‐solvated hybrid coronas.magnified image
Precision Sulfonic Acid Ester Copolymers
Authors: Opper Kathleen L. , Wagener Kenneth B. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractLinear ethylene copolymers containing sulfonic acid ethyl esters precisely spaced on every 21st carbon have been synthesized using metathesis polycondensation chemistry. These precision structures with one directly attached and one aromatic spaced sulfonic acid ester are synthesized with the goal of tailoring layered higher order morphologies in contrast to conventional clustered ionic polyolefins. Primary structural characterization confirms the precision polymer structures. Additional secondary microstructural analysis by DSC shows a recoverable endothermic melt transition of polyethylene‐like lamellae crystallites of the directly attached ester while completely amorphous behavior is observed when the ester is spaced away from the backbone with an aromatic group.magnified image
Unusual Photopolymerization Behavior of Amino Acid‐Derived Polydiacetylene Supramolecules
Authors: Yoon Jaewon , Azizan Kamalrul Azlan Bin , Yoo Hyun Oh , Okada Shuji , Kim Jong‐Man 
Published: April 2009

AbstractUV‐irradiation of aqueous suspensions of amino acid‐derived amphiphilic diacetylene supramolecules promotes a process that involves initial formation of species that absorb at 640 nm followed by the generation of polymers that have longer wavelength (686 nm) absorbance. The initially formed intermediate polydiacetylenes display substantial colorimetric reversibility while the long wavelength absorbing polymers show irreversible thermochromism during heating and cooling cycles. The long wavelength absorbing polydiacetylenes, formed from amino acid‐derived amphiphilic diacetylene supramolecules, are suggested to have more planer backbone structures that allow more efficient overlap of the conjugated p‐orbitals.magnified image
Regioregulated Syntheses of Poly(aminopyridine)s by Pd‐catalyzed Amination Reaction
Authors: Kuwabara Junpei , Mori Hironori , Teratani Takuya , Akita Munetaka , Kanbara Takaki 
Published: April 2009

AbstractRegioregulated poly(aminopyridine)s were synthesized by a Pd‐catalyzed CN coupling reaction. The polymerization using Pd(0) and a bulky monodentate phosphine ligand distinctively produced the para‐linked and meta‐linked poly(aminopyridine)s, without the need for a protection process. The regioregularity of the polymer was confirmed by 1H NMR spectroscopy. Model reactions were studied to evaluate the possibility of crosslinkage in the polymer. A large difference in reactivity was observed between 5‐amino‐2‐bromopyridine and 2‐amino‐5‐bromopyridine, which should have afforded same product. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicated that electron densities of the Br‐bound carbon atom and the pyridine‐nitrogen atom determine the reactivity of the monomers.magnified image
Well‐Organized CdS/C60 in Block Copolymer Micellar Cores
Authors: Koh Haeng‐Deog , Lee Jung‐Pil , Lee Jae‐Suk 
Published: April 2009

AbstractCdS nanoparticles of 4.5 nm diameter were synthesized in poly(2‐vinylpyridine) micellar cores which were obtained by solvating a polystyrene‐block‐poly(2‐vinylpyridine) block copolymer in polystyrene‐selective toluene. Then, a C60‐toluene solution was dispersed into the CdS micelle solution with stirring. This led to the well‐defined organization of two different nanoparticles; specifically: a CdS NP decorated by several/dozens of C60 molecules, because C60 molecules were strongly coordinated with pyridine molecules in the micellar cores by charge‐transfer complexation C–P2VPδ+. A harmoniously organized CdS/C60 micellar structure was clearly verified by transmission electron microscopy. Fluorescent quenching of CdS nanoparticles, which was strongly affected by neighboring C60 molecules, was observed.magnified image
Synthesis, Characterization and Self‐Assembly of Novel Amphiphilic Block Copolymers with a Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes Moiety Attached at the Junction of the Two Blocks
Authors: Zhang Liang , Lu Dairen , Tao Kang , Bai Ruke 
Published: April 2009

AbstractA novel well‐defined amphiphilic block copolymer, with the polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) moiety at the junction of the two blocks of polystyrene and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), was designed and synthesized. First, a macroinitiator containing a POSS moiety and a PEO chain was prepared and then atom transfer radical polymerization of styrene was carried out in the presence of the macroinitiator in bulk. The polymerization results show that the process bears the characteristics of controlled/living free radical polymerizations. The structure and molecular weight of the polymers were characterized by GPC, 1H NMR, and FT‐IR spectroscopy. The self‐assembly behaviors of the polymers was investigated by TEM and SEM. It was observed that the polymers can self‐assemble into vesicles in aqueous solution.magnified image
Fabrication of Aligned Polyaniline Nanofiber Array via a Facile Wet Chemical Process
Authors: Sun Qunhui , Bi Wu , Fuller Thomas F. , Ding Yong , Deng Yulin 
Published: April 2009

AbstractIn this work, we demonstrate for the first time a template free approach to synthesize aligned polyaniline nanofiber (PN) array on a passivated gold (Au) substrate via a facile wet chemical process. The Au surface was first modified using 4‐aminothiophenol (4‐ATP) to afford the surface functionality, followed subsequently by an oxidation polymerization of aniline (AN) monomer in an aqueous medium using ammonium persulfate as the oxidant and tartaric acid as the doping agent. The results show that a vertically aligned PANI nanofiber array with individual fiber diameters of ca. 100 nm, heights of ca. 600 nm and a packing density of ca. 40 pieces·µm−2, was synthesized.magnified image
Free vascularized fibular grafting for treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head secondary to hip dislocation
Authors: Garrigues Grant E. , Aldridge J. Mack , Friend Jennifer K. , Urbaniak James R. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractTraumatic dislocation of the hip results in osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) or avascular necrosis (AVN) in ∼40% of patients. This high‐energy event causes an ischemic insult to the femoral head that may lead to ONFH. Here, we investigate use of Free‐Vascularized Fibular Grafting (FVFG) in patients with ONFH after traumatic hip dislocation. Thirty‐five patients with FVFG for this indication were reviewed (average follow‐up 3.3 years, range 1–21). We reviewed patient injury statistics, demographics, preoperative radiographs, pre‐ and postoperative Harris Hip scores, complications, and rate of conversion to total hip arthroplasty (THA). The majority (81%) of our patients were young males (22 years) with ONFH diagnosed an average of 2 years after injury. The average preoperative Harris Hip score was 64.9 which improved by over 10 points to 76.1 at 1‐year follow‐up. Seven of 35 patients required conversion to THA at an average of 45 (13–86) months postoperation. After a maximum follow up of 21 years, the remainder of the patients retained their native hips and Harris Hip scores tended to show improved hip function. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2009.
Treatment of avulsion injury of three fingers with a compound thoracodorsal artery perforator flap including serratus anterior fascia
Authors: Ulrich Dietmar , Pallua Norbert 
Published: April 2009

AbstractComplete degloving injury of three digits not amenable to revascularization may leave poor cosmetic and functional results. We used a compound thoracodorsal artery perforator (TDAP) flap in a 34‐year‐old, right‐handed, male worker with traumatic degloving injury. The flap consisted of a thin nonbulky skin component isolated on two perforators in combination with serratus fascia, both pedicled on the thoracodorsal vessels. The mobility of the two flap components allowed the palmar and dorsal part of the fingers to be reconstructed without relying on multiple flaps or anastomoses. The skin component of the TDAP flap was transferred to the palmar defect, the serratus fascia flap to the dorsal part of the fingers and sutured loosely. Coverage of the serratus anterior fascia was done with split‐thickness skin graft. Both components of the flap survived completely. One month after the first operation, the surgical syndactyly between middle and ring finger was separated, one month later the syndactyly between the ring and little finger. Good coverage of the soft tissue defects with good function could be achieved. There were no donor‐site problems. Therefore, we consider the compound TDAP flap as a useful method that provides functional and cosmeticcoverage of severe avulsion injury of multiple digits. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2009.