bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional and Structural Outcomes of Single-Row Versus Double-Row Versus Combined Double-Row and Suture-Bridge Repair for Rotator Cuff Tears
Authors: Mihata Teruhisa , Watanabe Chisato , Fukunishi Kunimoto , Ohue Mutsumi , Tsujimura Tomoyuki , Fujiwara Kenta , Kinoshita Mitsuo 
Published: July 2011

Background: Although previous biomechanical research has demonstrated the superiority of the suture-bridge rotator cuff repair over double-row repair from a mechanical point of view, no articles have described the structural and functional outcomes of this type of procedure. Hypothesis: The structural and functional outcomes after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair may be different between the single-row, double-row, and combined double-row and suture-bridge (compression double-row) techniques. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: There were 206 shoulders in 201 patients with full-thickness rotator cuff tears that underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Eleven patients were lost to follow-up. Sixty-five shoulders were repaired using the single-row, 23 shoulders using the double-row, and 107 shoulders using the compression double-row techniques. Clinical outcomes were evaluated at an average of 38.5 months (range, 24-74 months) after rotator cuff repair. Postoperative cuff integrity was determined using Sugaya’s classification of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Results: The retear rates after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair were 10.8%, 26.1%, and 4.7%, respectively, for the single-row, double-row, and compression double-row techniques. In the subcategory of large and massive rotator cuff tears, the retear rate in the compression double-row group (3 of 40 shoulders, 7.5%) was significantly less than those in the single-row group (5 of 8 shoulders, 62.5%, P < .001) and the double-row group (5 of 12 shoulders, 41.7%, P < .01). Postoperative clinical outcomes in patients with a retear were significantly lower than those in patients without a retear for all 3 techniques. Conclusion: The additional suture bridges decreased the retear rate for large and massive tears. The combination of the double-row and suture-bridge techniques, which had the lowest rate of postoperative retear, is an effective option for arthroscopic repair of the rotator cuff tendons because the postoperative functional outcome in patients with a retear is inferior to that without retear.
Is the Anterior Tibial Artery Safe During Ankle Arthroscopy?
Authors: Son Kwang-Hyun , Cho Jae Ho , Lee Jin Woo , Kwack Kyu-Sung , Han Seung Hwan 
Published: July 2011

Background: Pseudoaneurysm of the anterior tibial artery (ATA) after ankle arthroscopy is an uncommon complication but can cause unexpected consequences. However, its contributing factor is not fully understood. Hypothesis: Anatomic factors, such as ATA variations and the distance between the ATA and joint capsule, may contribute to the occurrence of pseudoaneurysm. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: The magnetic resonance images and medical records of 358 ankle cases were analyzed. According to locations of the ATA in relation to the peroneus tertius (PT) and the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) tendon on axial magnetic resonance imaging, patients were classified as type 1 (safe type), type 2 (increased risk type), or type 3 (high-risk type). In addition, distances between the anterior joint capsule and the ATA were measured to evaluate the thickness of the anterior fat pad, which contains the ATA and anterior compartment tendons. Results: In 336 cases (93.8%), the ATA was located medial to the EDL (type 1, safe). In 7 cases (2.0%), the ATA was located lateral to the EDL and PT tendon (type 2, increased risk); and in 15 cases (4.2%), the branching artery was observed lateral to the EDL and PT tendon and the ATA was in the normal position (type 3, high risk). The mean distance between the anterior joint capsule and the ATA was 2.3 ± 1.1 mm. Conclusion: In 22 (6.2%) of the 358 cases, the ATA and its branches were located near the anterolateral ankle portal, which introduces the risk of vascular damage during arthroscopic surgery. Furthermore, the mean distance between the ATA and the joint capsule was only 2.3 ± 1.1 mm, and thus the ATA is very close to the anterior working space of the ankle joint. Careful preoperative evaluation and an intra-articular procedure may reduce the risk of vascular complications attributable to ankle arthroscopy.
The Treloar–Kearsley problem for elastomeric materials undergoing time-dependent microstructural evolution: Branching of extensional creep histories
Authors: Wineman Alan 
Published: July 2011

Treloar carried out experiments on square rubber sheets that were loaded by equal in-plane forces along their edges. Kearsley observed from Treloar’s data that the deformations were equal biaxial extensions for smaller forces, but became unequal biaxial extensions beyond a larger force. By means of a simple non-linear elasticity problem, Kearsley showed that the governing equations had multiple solutions that allowed for bifurcation from an equal biaxial to an unequal biaxial deformation. The present work considers this bifurcation phenomenon if Treloar’s experiments were to be carried out in the temperature range, say, of 100–150°C. Tobolsky showed that rubber in this temperature range undergoes microstructural evolution attributed to a chemical process of scission and crosslinking of macromolecular junctions. When loaded by equal in-plane forces along its edges, the rubber sheet can be expected to undergo equal biaxial extensional creep. The possibility is considered that there may be a time when the equal biaxial extensional creep history branches (bifurcates) into an unequal biaxial extensional creep history. Kearsley’s analysis is revisited using a constitutive theory developed for rubber undergoing thermally induced microstructural changes. It is assumed that there is a time when the equal biaxial extension history branches into an unequal biaxial extension history. A branching condition for determining this time is established. A numerical example shows the existence of a branching time and the subsequent branching of an equal biaxial extension history into an unequal biaxial extension history. After branching, the governing equations allow both equal biaxial and unequal biaxial extension histories. It is assumed that the sheet follows the deformation history that maximizes the rate of dissipation, which turns out to be the unequal biaxial extension history.
Spontaneous and evolutionary changes in the antibiotic resistance of Burkholderia cenocepacia observed by global gene expression analysis
Authors: Sass Andrea , Marchbank Angela , Tullis Elizabeth , LiPuma John J , Mahenthiralingam Eshwar 
Published: July 2011

Abstract

Background

Burkholderia cenocepacia is a member of the Burkholderia cepacia complex group of bacteria that cause infections in individuals with cystic fibrosis. B. cenocepacia isolate J2315 has been genome sequenced and is representative of a virulent, epidemic CF strain (ET12). Its genome encodes multiple antimicrobial resistance pathways and it is not known which of these is important for intrinsic or spontaneous resistance. To map these pathways, transcriptomic analysis was performed on: (i) strain J2315 exposed to sub-inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics and the antibiotic potentiator chlorpromazine, and (ii) on spontaneous mutants derived from J2315 and with increased resistance to the antibiotics amikacin, meropenem and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Two pan-resistant ET12 outbreak isolates recovered two decades after J2315 were also compared to identify naturally evolved gene expression changes.

Results
Spontaneous resistance in B. cenocepacia involved more gene expression changes and different subsets of genes than those provoked by exposure to sub inhibitory concentrations of each antibiotic. The phenotype and altered gene expression in the resistant mutants was also stable irrespective of the presence of the priming antibiotic. Both known and novel genes involved in efflux, antibiotic degradation/modification, membrane function, regulation and unknown functions were mapped. A novel role for the phenylacetic acid (PA) degradation pathway genes was identified in relation to spontaneous resistance to meropenem and glucose was found to repress their expression. Subsequently, 20 mM glucose was found to produce greater that 2-fold reductions in the MIC of multiple antibiotics against B. cenocepacia J2315. Mutation of an RND multidrug efflux pump locus (BCAM0925-27) and squalene-hopene cyclase gene (BCAS0167), both upregulated after chlorpromazine exposure, confirmed their role in resistance. The recently isolated outbreak isolates had altered the expression of multiple genes which mirrored changes seen in the antibiotic resistant mutants, corroborating the strategy used to model resistance. Mutation of an ABC transporter gene (BCAS0081) upregulated in both outbreak strains, confirmed its role in B. cenocepacia resistance.

Conclusions
Global mapping of the genetic pathways which mediate antibiotic resistance in B. cenocepacia has revealed that they are multifactorial, identified potential therapeutic targets and also demonstrated that putative catabolite repression of genes by glucose can improve antibiotic efficacy.
E7080, a multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor suppresses tumor cell migration and invasion
Authors: Glen Hilary , Mason Susan , Patel Hitesh , Macleod Kenneth , Brunton Valerie G 
Published: July 2011

Abstract

Background
E7080 is an orally active multi-targeted kinase inhibitor whose targets include vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR), fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) and platelet derived growth factor receptors (PDGFR). It has been shown to inhibit tumor angiogenesis by targeting endothelial cells. A number of the targets of E7080 are also expressed on tumor cells and here we have looked at the direct effects of E7080 on tumor cell behavior.

Methods
Using a panel of human tumor cell lines we determined the effect of E7080 on cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Inhibition of FGFR and PDGFR signaling in the cells was measured.

Results
E7080 had little effect on tumor cell proliferation. However, it blocked migration and invasion at concentrations that inhibited FGFR and PDGFR signaling. Knock-down of PDGFR-β in U2OS osteosarcoma cells also inhibited cell migration which, could not be further inhibited in the presence of E7080. Furthermore, E7080 could not inhibit the migration of a PDGFR negative cell line.

Conclusion
E7080 does not significantly affect tumor cell proliferation but can inhibit their migration and invasion at concentrations that both inhibit its known targets and are achievable clinically.
Measuring Outcome after Wrist Injury: Translation and Validation of the Swedish Version of the Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE-Swe)
Authors: Mellstrand Navarro Cecilia , Ponzer Sari , Törnkvist Hans , Ahrengart Leif , Bergström Gunnar 
Published: July 2011

Abstract

Background
There is a need for outcome measurement instruments for evaluation of disability after trauma. The Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE) is a self-administered region-specific outcome measuring instrument developed for use in evaluating disability and pain of the wrist. The aim of this study is to translate and to cross-culturally adapt the PRWE for use in a Swedish patient population. Moreover, we aim at investigating the PRWE in terms of validity, reliability and responsiveness.

Methods
We performed a translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the PRWE to Swedish (PRWE-Swe), utilising the process recommended by the American Association of Orthopedic Surgeons. A total of 124 patients with an injury to the wrist were included in the study. They filled in the PRWE and the DASH questionnaires at two separate occasions.

Results
Reliability of the PRWE in terms of internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha 0.97) and test-retest stability (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.93) were excellent. Face validity and content validity were judged as good. Criterion validity assessed as the correlation between the PRWE and the DASH was also good (Spearman's rho = 0.9). Responsiveness measured by the standardized response mean (SRM) was good with an SRMPRWE of 1.29.

Conclusion
This Swedish version of the PRWE is a short and easily understood self-administered questionnaire with good validity, reliability, and responsiveness. Our results confirm that the PRWE is a valuable tool in evaluating the results after treatment of a wrist injury.
Over 95% of large-scale length uniformity in template-assisted electrodeposited nanowires by subzero-temperature electrodeposition
Authors: Shin Sangwoo , Kong Bo Hyun , Kim Beom Seok , Kim Kyung Min , Cho Hyung Koun , Cho Hyung Hee 
Published: July 2011

AbstractIn this work, we report highly uniform growth of template-assisted electrodeposited copper nanowires on a large area by lowering the deposition temperature down to subzero centigrade. Even with highly disordered commercial porous anodic aluminum oxide template and conventional potentiostatic electrodeposition, length uniformity over 95% can be achieved when the deposition temperature is lowered down to -2.4°C. Decreased diffusion coefficient and ion concentration gradient due to the lowered deposition temperature effectively reduces ion diffusion rate, thereby favors uniform nanowire growth. Moreover, by varying the deposition temperature, we show that also the pore nucleation and the crystallinity can be controlled.
Convergence theorem for finite family of lipschitzian demi-contractive semigroups
Authors: Ali Bashir , Ugwunnadi Godwin Chidi 
Published: July 2011

AbstractLet E be a real Banach space and K be a nonempty, closed, and convex subset of E. Let "Equation missing" be a finite family of Lipschitzian demi-contractive semigroups of K, with sequences of bounded measurable functions L
i
: [0, ∞) → (0, ∞) and bounded functions λ
i
: [0, ∞) → (0, ∞), respectively, where "Equation missing", i = 1,2, ..., N. Strong convergence theorem for common fixed point for finite family "Equation missing" is proved in a real Banch space. As an application, a new convergence theorem for finite family of Lipschitzian demi-contractive maps is also proved.Mathematics subject classification (2000) 47H09, 47J25
Differential gene expression analysis of in vitro duck hepatitis B virus infected primary duck hepatocyte cultures
Authors: Nair Sajith , Arathy Devaki S , Issac Aneesh , Sreekumar Easwaran 
Published: July 2011

Abstract

Background
The human hepatitis B virus (HBV), a member of the hepadna viridae, causes acute or chronic hepatitis B, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) infection, a dependable and reproducible model for hepadna viral studies, does not result in HCC unlike chronic HBV infection. Information on differential gene expression in DHBV infection might help to compare corresponding changes during HBV infection, and to delineate the reasons for this difference.

Findings
A subtractive hybridization cDNA library screening of in vitro DHBV infected, cultured primary duck hepatocytes (PDH) identified cDNAs of 42 up-regulated and 36 down-regulated genes coding for proteins associated with signal transduction, cellular respiration, transcription, translation, ubiquitin/proteasome pathway, apoptosis, and membrane and cytoskeletal organization. Those coding for both novel as well as previously reported proteins in HBV/DHBV infection were present in the library. An inverse modulation of the cDNAs of ten proteins, reported to play role in human HCC, such as that of Y-box binding protein1, Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase isoform 1B, ribosomal protein L35a, Ferritin, α-enolase, Acid α-glucosidase and Caspase 3, copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD), Filamin and Pyruvate dehydrogenase, was also observed in this in vitro study.

Conclusions
The present study identified cDNAs of a number of genes that are differentially modulated in in vitro DHBV infection of primary duck hepatocytes. Further correlation of this differential gene expression in in vivo infection models would be valuable to understand the little known aspects of the hepadnavirus biology.
Ventilator-induced lung injury: historical perspectives and clinical implications
Authors: de Prost Nicolas , Ricard Jean-Damien , Saumon Georges , Dreyfuss Didier 
Published: July 2011

Abstract
Mechanical ventilation can produce lung physiological and morphological alterations termed ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). Early experimental studies demonstrated that the main determinant of VILI is lung end-inspiratory volume. The clinical relevance of these experimental findings received resounding confirmation with the results of the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) Network study, which showed a 22% reduction in mortality in patients with the acute respiratory distress syndrome through a simple reduction in tidal volume. In contrast, the clinical relevance of low lung volume injury remains debated and the application of high positive end-expiratory pressure levels can contribute to lung overdistension and thus be deleterious. The significance of inflammatory alterations observed during VILI is debated and has not translated into clinical application. This review examines seminal experimental studies that led to our current understanding of VILI and contributed to the current recommendations in the respiratory support of ARDS patients.
Diagnostic accuracy of white cell count and C-reactive protein for assessing the severity of paediatric appendicitis
Authors: Siddique Khurram , Baruah Paramita , Bhandari Santosh , Mirza Shirin , Harinath Gandra 
Published: July 2011

Objectives Simple investigations like white cell count (WCC) and C-reactive protein (CRP) may help to improve the accuracy of diagnosis in paediatric appendicitis. We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of WCC and CRP for the severity of acute appendicitis in children. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting This study was conducted on all children who underwent open appendectomy from January 2007 to December 2008 at a District General Hospital. Data regarding demographics, WCC, CRP, histology and postoperative complications were analysed. Participants All children who underwent open appendectomy during the study period. Main outcome measures Diagnostic accuracy of WCC and CRP for simple acute appendicitis and a perforated appendix. Results Out of 204 patients, 112 (54.9%) were girls. At surgery, appendix was grossly inflamed in 175 of which 32 had perforation. Histology revealed simple acute appendicitis in 135 (66.2%) and gangrenous appendicitis in 32 (15.7%). The rest were normal. The duration of symptoms, temperature, length of stay, WCC and CRP were significantly worse in the perforated group ( P value <0.05). Postoperative complications included wound infection ( n = 18), pelvic collection ( n = 5) and intestinal obstruction ( n = 6); and were more common among patients with a perforated appendix ( P value <0.05). WCC had a higher diagnostic accuracy and higher sensitivity than CRP in diagnosing simple acute appendicitis. The combined sensitivity of WCC and CRP increased to 95% and 100% for the diagnosis of simple acute appendicitis and a perforated appendix, respectively. Conclusion Accuracy of WCC is higherthan CRP for diagnosing simple acute appendicitis. The combined sensitivity of WCC and CRP increases for simple acute appendicitis as well as a perforated appendix.
Chronic Kidney Disease Stage Progression in Liver Transplant Recipients
Authors: LaMattina John C. , Foley David P. , Mezrich Joshua D. , Fernandez Luis A. , Vidyasagar Vijay , D'Alessandro Anthony M. , Musat Alexandru I. , Samaniego-Picota Milagros D. , Pascual Julio , Alejandro Munoz D.R. , Leverson Glen E. , Pirsch John D. , Djamali Arjang 
Published: July 2011

Summary

Background and objectives
There is little information on chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage progression rates and outcomes in liver transplant recipients. Identifying modifiable risk factors may help prevent CKD progression in liver transplant recipients.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
We performed a retrospective review of 1151 adult, deceased-donor, single-organ primary liver transplants between July 1984 and December 2007 and analyzed kidney outcomes and risk factors for CKD stage progression. Seven hundred twenty-nine patients had an available estimated GFR at 1 year posttransplant to establish a baseline stage. The primary end point was the CKD progression from one stage to a higher stage (lower GFR).

Results
Kaplan–Meier estimates of patient survival were 91%, 74%, and 64% at 5, 10, and 15 years, respectively. Estimates of liver allograft survival were 89%, 71%, and 60% at the same time points. At 1 year, 7%, 34%, 56%, 3%, and 1% of patients were in CKD stages 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. The incidence of stage progression was 28%, 40%, and 53% at 3, 5, and 10 years. The incidence of ESRD was 2.6%, 7.5%, and 18% at 5, 10, and 20 years. Multivariable Cox regression analyses demonstrated that CKD stage at 1 year, pretransplant diabetes and urinary tract infections/hypercholesterolemia in the first year proved to be independent risk factors for stage progression (hazard ratio 1.9, 0.28, 1.39, and 1.46, respectively, P < 0.05).

Conclusions
Future studies will determine whether treatment of risk factors in the first posttransplant year prevent CKD progression in liver transplant recipients.
Chronic Kidney Disease Awareness Among Individuals with Clinical Markers of Kidney Dysfunction
Authors: Tuot Delphine S. , Plantinga Laura C. , Hsu Chi-yuan , Jordan Regina , Burrows Nilka Ríos , Hedgeman Elizabeth , Yee Jerry , Saran Rajiv , Powe Neil R. 
Published: July 2011

Summary

Background and objectives
Awareness of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among providers and patients is low. Whether clinical cues prompt recognition of CKD is unknown. We examined whether markers of kidney disease that should trigger CKD recognition among providers are associated with higher individual CKD awareness.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
CKD awareness was assessed in 1852 adults with an estimated GFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 using 1999 to 2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data. CKD awareness was a “yes” answer to “Have you ever been told you have weak or failing kidneys?” Participants were grouped by distribution of the following abnormal markers of CKD: hyperkalemia, acidosis, hyperphosphatemia, elevated blood urea nitrogen, anemia, albuminuria, and uncontrolled hypertension. Odds of CKD awareness associated with each abnormal marker and groupings of markers were estimated by multivariable logistic regression.

Results
Among individuals with kidney disease, only those with albuminuria had greater odds of CKD awareness (adjusted odds ratio, 4.0, P < 0.01) than those without. Odds of CKD awareness increased with each additional manifested clinical marker of CKD (adjusted odds ratio, 1.3, P = 0.05). Nonetheless, 90% of individuals with two to four markers of CKD and 84% of individuals with ≥5 markers of CKD were unaware of their disease.

Conclusions
Although individuals who manifest many markers of kidney dysfunction are more likely to be aware of their CKD, their CKD awareness remains low. A better understanding of mechanisms of awareness is required to facilitate earlier detection of CKD and implement therapy to minimize associated complications.