bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proteomic approach with LCMS-IT-TOF identified an increase of Rab33B after transient focal cerebral ischemia in mice
Authors: Hyakkoku Kana , Hamanaka Junya , Tsuruma Kazuhiro , Shimazawa Masamitsu , Hara Hideaki 
Published: November 2010

Abstract

Background
Several proteins are known to be markedly expressed in the brain during cerebral ischemia; however, the changes in protein profiles within the ischemic brain after an ischemic insult have not been fully elucidated. We studied the changes in the ischemic brain proteome after focal cerebral ischemia, induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in mice.

Methods
LCMS-IT-TOF mass spectrometry was used to detect the changes in ischemic brain protein patterns after MCAO. We evaluated the protein expression detected in the ischemic area, by western blotting and immunohistochemistry.

Results
Nine unique proteins were identified from the ischemic area at 10 h after ischemic insult. Among these proteins, we focused on Rab33b, a member of RAS oncogene family and we found that Rab33b was up-regulated in the ischemic striatum and the number of Rab33B-positive cells increased in a time-dependent manner. Rab33B colocalized with Iba-1 positive microglia in the ischemic area.

Conclusion
These findings suggest that LCMS-IT-TOF is useful for identifying changes in proteins after cerebral ischemia and that Rab33B is partially related to the pathogenesis of transient cerebral ischemia in mice.
Evidence-Based Guidelines for Determination of Sample Size and Interpretation of the European Organisation for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30
Authors: Cocks Kim , King Madeleine T. , Velikova Galina , Martyn St-James Marrissa , Fayers Peter M. , Brown Julia M. 
Published: November 2010

Purpose To use published literature to estimate large, medium, and small differences in quality of life (QOL) data from the European Organisation for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30). Methods An innovative method combining systematic review of published studies, expert opinions, and meta-analysis was used to estimate large, medium, and small differences for QLQ-C30 scores. Published mean data were identified from the literature. Differences (contrasts) between groups (eg, between treatment groups, age groups, and performance status groups) were reviewed by 34 experts in QOL measurement and cancer treatment. The experts, blinded to actual QOL results, were asked to predict these differences. A large difference was defined as one representing unequivocal clinical relevance. A medium difference was defined as likely to be clinically relevant but to a lesser extent. A small difference was one believed to be subtle but nevertheless clinically relevant. A trivial difference was used to describe circumstances unlikely to have any clinical relevance. Actual QOL results were combined using meta-analytic techniques to estimate differences corresponding to small, medium, or large effects. Results Nine hundred eleven articles were identified, leading to 152 relevant articles (2,217 contrasts) being reviewed by at least two experts. Resulting estimates from the meta-analysis varied depending on the subscale. Thus, the recommended minimum to detect medium differences ranges from 9 (cognitive functioning) to 19 points (role functioning). Conclusion Guidelines for the size of effects are provided for the QLQ-C30 subscales. These guidelines can be used for sample size calculations for clinical trials and can also be used to aid interpretation of differences in QLQ-C30 scores.
What Oncologists Believe They Said and What Patients Believe They Heard: An Analysis of Phase I Trial Discussions
Authors: Jenkins Valerie , Solis-Trapala Ivonne , Langridge Carolyn , Catt Susan , Talbot Denis C. , Fallowfield Lesley J. 
Published: November 2010

Purpose Evaluation of the communication and informed consent process in phase I clinical trial interviews to provide authentic, practice-based content for inclusion in a communication skills training intervention for health care professionals. Patients and Methods Seventeen oncologists and 52 patients from five United Kingdom cancer centers consented to recording of phase I trial discussions. Following each consultation, clinicians completed questionnaires indicating areas they felt they had discussed, and researchers conducted semistructured interviews with patients examining their recall and understanding. Patients and oncologists also completed the Life Orientation Test-Revised questionnaire, measuring predisposition toward optimism. Independent researchers coded the consultations identifying discussion of key information areas and how well this was done. Observed levels of agreement were analyzed for each consultation between oncologist-coder, oncologist-patient, and patient-coder pairs. Results In several key areas, information was either missing or had been explained but was interpreted incorrectly by patients. Discussion of prognosis was a frequent omission, with patients and coders significantly more likely to agree that oncologists had not discussed it (odds, 4.8; P < .001). In contrast, coders and oncologists were more likely to agree that alternate care plans to phase I trial entry had been explained (odds, 2.5; P = .023). Conclusion These data indicate that fundamental components of communication and information sharing about phase I trial participation are often missing from interviews. Important omissions included discussion of prognosis and ensuring patient understanding about supportive care. These findings will inform educational initiatives to assist communication about phase I trials.
Gene Expression Signature to Improve Prognosis Prediction of Stage II and III Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Salazar Ramon , Roepman Paul , Capella Gabriel , Moreno Victor , Simon Iris , Dreezen Christa , Lopez-Doriga Adriana , Santos Cristina , Marijnen Corrie , Westerga Johan , Bruin Sjoerd , Kerr David , Kuppen Peter , van de Velde Cornelis , Morreau Hans , Van Velthuysen Loes , Glas Annuska M. , Van't Veer Laura J. , Tollenaar Rob 
Published: November 2010

Purpose This study aims to develop a robust gene expression classifier that can predict disease relapse in patients with early-stage colorectal cancer (CRC). Patients and Methods Fresh frozen tumor tissue from 188 patients with stage I to IV CRC undergoing surgery was analyzed using Agilent 44K oligonucleotide arrays. Median follow-up time was 65.1 months, and the majority of patients (83.6%) did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy. A nearest mean classifier was developed using a cross-validation procedure to score all genes for their association with 5-year distant metastasis–free survival. Results An optimal set of 18 genes was identified and used to construct a prognostic classifier (ColoPrint). The signature was validated on an independent set of 206 samples from patients with stage I, II, and III CRC. The signature classified 60% of patients as low risk and 40% as high risk. Five-year relapse-free survival rates were 87.6% (95% CI, 81.5% to 93.7%) and 67.2% (95% CI, 55.4% to 79.0%) for low- and high-risk patients, respectively, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 2.5 (95% CI, 1.33 to 4.73; P = .005). In multivariate analysis, the signature remained one of the most significant prognostic factors, with an HR of 2.69 (95% CI, 1.41 to 5.14; P = .003). In patients with stage II CRC, the signature had an HR of 3.34 (P = .017) and was superior to American Society of Clinical Oncology criteria in assessing the risk of cancer recurrence without prescreening for microsatellite instability (MSI). Conclusion ColoPrint significantly improves the prognostic accuracy of pathologic factors and MSI in patients with stage II and III CRC and facilitates the identification of patients with stage II disease who may be safely managed without chemotherapy.
Disease Course Patterns After Discontinuation of Bevacizumab: Pooled Analysis of Randomized Phase III Trials
Authors: Miles David , Harbeck Nadia , Escudier Bernard , Hurwitz Herbert , Saltz Leonard , Van Cutsem Eric , Cassidy Jim , Mueller Barbara , Sirzén Florin 
Published: November 2010

PurposePreclinical studies have suggested accelerated tumor growth, local invasion, and distant metastasis after withdrawal of treatment with some antiangiogenic agents. To investigate whether discontinuation of bevacizumab treatment is associated with accelerated disease progression or increased mortality, we retrospectively analyzed five randomized, placebo-controlled phase III studies in 4,205 patients with breast, colorectal, renal, and pancreatic cancer.MethodsTime from treatment discontinuation to progressive disease or death was analyzed in patients discontinuing bevacizumab/placebo as a result of adverse events (AEs). Mortality rates were assessed at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, and 210 days after the last bevacizumab/placebo dose in the following two groups: patients discontinuing bevacizumab/placebo as a result of AEs and patients discontinuing bevacizumab/placebo for any reason. In the same groups, time from treatment discontinuation to death was analyzed. Data on disease progression pattern were available and analyzed in four of the five studies.ResultsIn the pooled analysis, median time from discontinuation as a result of AEs to progression/death was 3.0 months (95% CI, 2.6 to 3.8 months) for placebo and 4.0 months (95% CI, 3.4 to 4.6 months) for bevacizumab (hazard ratio, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.79 to 1.10). Mortality rates from 30 days to 210 days after treatment discontinuation and time from discontinuation to death were similar in bevacizumab- and placebo-treated patients. In addition, similar patterns of disease progression were seen in bevacizumab- and placebo-treated patients.ConclusionThis retrospective analysis of five placebo-controlled clinical trials does not support a decreased time to disease progression, increased mortality, or altered disease progression pattern after cessation of bevacizumab therapy.
Neptunium(V) complexation by natural pyoverdins and related model compounds
Authors: Moll Henry , Glorius Maja , Johnsson A. , Schäfer M. , Budzikiewicz H. , Pedersen K. , Bernhard Gert 
Published: November 2010

AbstractUbiquitous fluorescentPseudomonasspecies secrete bacterial pyoverdin-type siderophores. These bioligands have great potential to bind and transport actinides in the environment due to their hydroxamate and catechol functionalities. We investigated the unknown interaction of the neptunyl cation (NpO2+) with pyoverdins (PYO) released byPseudomonas fluorescens(CCUG 32456) cells and with simple hydroxamate (salicylhydroxamic acid: SHA and benzohydroxamic acid: BHA) and catechol (2,3-dihydroxynaphthalene: NAP) ligands using near-infrared (NIR) absorption spectroscopy over a wide pH range. NpO2+-bioligand species of the MxLyHztype were identified from the spectrophotometric titrations in all four systems. The 1:1:2, 1:1:1, and 1:1:0 complexes were determined with the pyoverdins. In addition to 1:1 species, SHA, BHA, and NAP also form 1:2:0 species with NpO2+. The stability constants of these neptunyl(V)-bioligand complexes and their individual spectroscopic properties are reported. Our findings indicate that NpO2+has a stronger affinity to the catechol functionality of the pyoverdin molecule. The identified NpO2+-PYO species belong to the strongest NpO2+complexes with organic material reported so far.
Influence of Boom Clay organic matter on the adsorption of Eu3+by illite – geochemical modelling using the component additivity approach
Authors: Bruggeman C. , Liu D. J. , Maes Norbert 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe solid–liquid distribution of europium (Eu) between an adsorptive surface and a solution phase containing a competitive colloid is the result of a delicate balance between several individual chemical reactions. In this study, adsorption isotherms of Eu in presence of dissolved Boom Clay natural organic matter were experimentally determined under conditions relevant for a geological repository (trace Eu concentrations, anoxic conditions, ∼0.014 mol l−1NaHCO3background electrolyte). It was found that both the concentration and size distribution (or operational cut-off used to discriminate between “mobile” and “immobile” colloids) of natural organic matter has a strong influence on the observed solid–liquid distribution.The experimental data were subsequently modelled using a component additive approach with two well-established sorption/interaction models: the 2 SPNE SC/CE model for describing Eu adsorption on illite, and Humic Ion-Binding Model VI for describing Eu complexation to natural organic matter. Model parameters were gathered from dedicated measurements in batch systems containing only Eu and the interacting phase under study, under similar conditions as in the ternary isotherm experiments. Mutual interactions between illite and natural organic matter were studied and quantified. Under the experimental conditions of this study, it was found that these interactions were only of minor importance.The two models were subsequently combined to blind predict the Eu solid–liquid distribution in the ternary batch experiments. Within an error margin of 0.5logߙKdunits, the additivity approach succeeded well in predicting Eu uptake in all experimental systems studied. A sensitivity analysis was performed to select the most important model parameters influencing the Eu uptake, and the robustness of the model. This study has shown that the component additivity approach for describing and predicting uptake of trivalent lanthanides/actinides under Boom Clay conditions, is promising, and may help in unraveling the complex behaviour of these radionuclides witnessed in migration experiments.
The role of green rust in the migration of radionuclides: An overview of processes that can control mobility of radioactive elements in the environment using as examples Np, Se and Cr
Authors: Skovbjerg L. L. , Christiansen B. C. , Nedel S. , Dideriksen K. , Stipp S. L. S. 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
Green rust is an Fe(II)-Fe(III) layered double hydroxide that can be present in groundwater in rock formations where long term nuclear waste repositories are being planned. Green rust (GR) is redox-active, making data for its behaviour a necessity in safety assessment modeling because the mobility of many elements, including radionuclides, is controlled by redox reactions. In this paper, we compare the influence of geometry and charge of three redox active ions on their reaction with colloidal size particles of green rust sodium sulfate (GRNa,SO4). Pentavalent neptunyl, selenite and chromate all have different geometries and valence states. Ions with shape and charge similar to SO4
2−, the GRNa,SO4 interlayer anion such as, for example, CrO4
2−, diffuse into the GR interlayer where electrons are readily transferred, and the element may become incorporated into the final oxidised product. More often, the geometry and/or charge of the ion differ significantly from the interlayer anion, such as is the case for SeO3
2− and NpO2
+. These are reduced at the exterior of the flat hexagonal GR crystals, primarily at the edges. Se(IV) is reduced to Se(0) and precipitates as a separate phase, while Np(V) is reduced to Np(IV) and precipitates possibly as NpO2 or as a substitute in an iron oxide. Whether it adsorbs to pore walls in the groundwater flowpath, or it travels as a colloid, green rust can have a significant effect on radionuclide mobility in the near and far field of repositories.
A comparative batch sorption and time-resolved laser fluorescence spectroscopy study on the sorption of Eu(III) and Cm(III) on synthetic and natural kaolinite
Authors: Huittinen N. , Rabung Thomas , Andrieux P. , Lehto Jukka , Geckeis H. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractEu(III) and Cm(III) sorption onto synthetic and natural kaolinite (St. Austell, UK) were studied by batch sorption experiments and time-resolved laser fluorescence spectroscopy (TRLFS). All investigations were performed under argon atmosphere (O2<1 ppm). 0.1 M NaClO4and 0.25 g/L kaolinite were used as electrolyte and solid concentrations, respectively, throughout the study. Batch sorption experiments were performed with Eu(III), a homologue to trivalent actinides at three different metal ion concentrations between 6.6×10−8and 6.6×10−6 M. pH-dependent sorption was found to be congruent for the two lowest Eu(III) concentrations (6.6×10−8and 6.6×10−7 M) while a shift of the sorption distribution coefficient,Kd, to higher pH values was observed for the highest metal ion concentration (6.6×10−6 M). Furthermore, the natural kaolinite showed higher uptake of Eu(III) for the lowest metal ion concentration at pH<5 as compared to the synthetic product. This difference is believed to arise from a higher amount of Eu(III) being sorbed as outer-sphere species on the natural kaolinite due to its negative surface charge being higher than that of the synthetic mineral. The spectroscopic investigations were performed with 2×10−7 M Cm(III) as a luminescent probe. Four single component spectra could be extracted from the recorded emission spectra for both the synthetic and the natural kaolinite, with peak positions in average at 598.8, 602.7, 607.4 and 611.0 nm. The three first emission peaks appearing between pH 5 and 13 were assigned to three inner-sphere Cm-complexes. The fourth emission peak appearing in the alkaline pH range (>9) is assumed to be a result of Cm(III) incorporation by a surface precipitate of hitherto unknown composition.
U(VI) sorption on granite: prediction and experiments
Authors: Nebelung Cordula , Brendler Vinzenz 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
One widely accepted approach – component additivity (CA) – to describe the sorption of contaminants onto complex materials such as rocks or soils is based on the assumption that the surface of a complex mineral assemblage is composed of a mixture of mineral constituents whose surface properties are known from independent studies. An internally consistent SCM (surface complexation model) database can be developed that describes the adsorption reactions of solutes to each phase. Here, the capability of such a methodology was tested, using the code MINTEQA2 including thermodynamic data of the NEA-TDB, and literature data for SCM, namely the DDL model.
The sorption characteristics of U(VI) on granite (from Eibenstock, Saxony, Germany, with the main components quartz, albite, orthoclase, and muscovite) was predicted and then compared to batch experiments. Granite plays an important role in the remediation of former uranium ore mining and milling sites, but is also one of the host rocks considered for final disposal of nuclear materials. Safety assessment requires a detailed understanding of this system and its retention potential with regard to hazardous components. Namely the sorption of uranium in this complex rock is not fully understood yet. The experiments thus also provided a better understanding of the far-field behaviour in granitic geological nuclear repositories.
The robustness of the prediction was tested by variation of the granite composition and the variation of the specific surface area (SSA) – first all components were predicted with a uniform granite SSA, second with a distinct SSA for each granite component (determined on pure minerals for the same grain size fractions). Changes in compositions yielded only marginal differences in the prediction. Different approaches to SSA showed somewhat larger deviations.
In conclusion, the CA methodology is a valid and robust approach to U(VI) sorption onto complex substrates such as granite, provided sufficient information on component phases is available. This should help to minimize experimental efforts and to increase confidence into complex SCM computations.
Quantum chemical modeling of uranyl adsorption on mineral surfaces
Authors: Kremleva Alena , Krüger Sven , Rösch Notker 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
We overview quantum mechanical simulations that model the adsorption of actinide ions at solvated mineral surfaces. Pertinent examples illustrate the status of this emerging field of computational chemistry. In particular, we describe our own studies on uranyl adsorption on kaolinite. Already the few available results, from applications of density functional methods to cluster models or periodic slab models, show that such calculations are a useful complement to experimental investigations. Detailed information at the atomic level from accurate electronic structure calculations on well defined model systems helps to refine current interpretations of the chemical nature of uranyl adsorption species and to discover new features of these interface systems. Results from quantum mechanical simulations also provide a valuable reference for future experimental investigations.
Molecular interactions of plutonium(VI) with synthetic manganese-substituted goethite
Authors: Hu Yung-Jin , Kestrel Schwaiger Luna , Booth Corwin H. , Kukkadapu Ravi K. , Cristiano Elena , Kaplan Daniel , Nitsche Heino 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
Plutonium(VI) sorption on the surface of well-characterized synthetic manganese-substituted goethite minerals (Fe1−xMnxOOH) was studied using X-ray absorption spectroscopy. We chose to study the influence of manganese as a minor component in goethite because goethite rarely exists as a pure phase in nature. Manganese X-ray absorption near-edge structure measurements indicated that essentially all the Mn in the goethite existed as Mn(III), even though Mn was added during mineral synthesis as Mn(II). Importantly, energy dispersive X-ray analysis demonstrated that Mn did not exist as discrete phases and that it was homogeneously mixed into the goethite to within the limit of detection of the method. Furthermore, Mössbauer spectra demonstrated that all Fe existed as Fe(III), with no Fe(II) present. Plutonium(VI) sorption experiments were conducted open to air and no attempt was made to exclude carbonate. The use of X-ray absorption spectroscopy allows us to directly and unambiguously measure the oxidation state of plutonium in situ at the mineral surface. Plutonium X-ray absorption near-edge structure measurements carried out on these samples showed that Pu(VI) was reduced to Pu(IV) upon contact with the mineral. This reduction appears to be strongly correlated with mineral solution pH, coinciding with pH transitions across the point of zero charge of the mineral. Furthermore, extended X-ray absorption fine structure measurements show evidence of direct plutonium binding to the metal surface as an inner-sphere complex. This combination of extensive mineral characterization and advanced spectroscopy suggests that sorption of the plutonium onto the surface of the mineral was followed by reduction of the plutonium at the surface of the mineral to form an inner-sphere complex. Because manganese is often found in the environment as a minor component associated with major mineral components, such as goethite, understanding the molecular-level interactions of plutonium with such substituted mineral phases is important for risk assessment purposes at radioactively contaminated sites and long-term underground radioactive waste repositories.