bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
miR-183 inhibits TGF-β1-induced apoptosis by downregulation of PDCD4 expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells
Authors: Li Jipeng , Fu Hanjiang , Xu Chengwang , Tie Yi , Xing Ruiyun , Zhu Jie , Qin Yide , Sun Zhixian , Zheng Xiaofei 
Published: July 2010

Abstract

Background
In recent years, some miRNAs have been reported to be connected closely with the development of human hepatocellular carcinoma. In our previous studies, a set of miRNAs were revealed to be dysregulated in HCC tissues. However, the functions of these miRNAs in HCC remain largely undefined.

Methods
The expression profiles of miR-183 were compared between HCC tissues and adjacent normal liver tissues using qRT-PCR method. This method was used to screen the potential target genes of miR-183. A luciferase reporter assay was conducted to confirm target association. Finally, the functional effect of miR-183 in hepatoma cells was examined.

Results
Among the 25 HCC samples analyzed, microRNA-183 was significantly up-regulated (twofold to 367-fold) in 17 samples compared with the matching nontumoral liver tissues. Programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) was identified as the target gene of miR-183. Moreover, PDCD4 is a proapoptotic molecule involved in TGF-β1-induced apoptosis in human HCC cells, we found that miR-183 transfectants were resistant to apoptosis induced by TGF-β1.

Conclusions
We conclude that miR-183 can inhibit apoptosis in human HCC cells by repressing the PDCD4 expression, and miR-183 may play an important role in HCC development.
Ao38, a new cell line from eggs of the black witch moth, Ascalapha odorata (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is permissive for AcMNPV infection and produces high levels of recombinant proteins
Authors: Hashimoto Yoshifumi , Zhang Sheng , Blissard Gary W 
Published: July 2010

Abstract

Background
The insect cell line is a critical component in the production of recombinant proteins in the baculovirus expression system and new cell lines hold the promise of increasing both quantity and quality of protein production.

Results
Seventy cell lines were established by single-cell cloning from a primary culture of cells derived from eggs of the black witch moth (Ascalapha odorata; Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). Among 8 rapidly growing lines, cell line 38 (Ao38) was selected for further analysis, based on susceptibility to AcMNPV infection and production of secreted alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) from a baculovirus expression vector. In comparisons with low-passage High Five (BTI-Tn-5B1-4) cells, infected Ao38 cells produced β-galactosidase and SEAP at levels higher (153% and 150%, respectively) than those measured from High Five cells. Analysis of N-glycans of SEAP produced in Ao38 cells revealed two N-glycosylation sites and glycosylation patterns similar to those reported for High Five and Sf9 cells. Glycopeptide isoforms consisted of pauci- or oligomannose, with and without fucose on N-acetylglucosamine(s) linked to asparagine residues. Estimates of Ao38 cell volume suggest that Ao38 cells are approximately 2.5× larger than Sf9 cells but only approximately 74% of the size of High Five cells. Ao38 cells were highly susceptible to AcMNPV infection, similar to infectivity of Sf9 cells. Production of infectious AcMNPV budded virions from Ao38 cells peaked at approximately 4.5 × 107 IU/ml, exceeding that from High Five cells while lower than that from Sf9 cells. Ao38 cells grew rapidly in stationary culture with a population doubling time of 20.2 hr, and Ao38 cells were readily adapted to serum-free medium (Sf-900III) and to a suspension culture system. Analysis of Ao38 and a parental Ascalapha odorata cell line indicated that these lines were free of the alphanodavirus that was recently identified as an adventitious agent in High Five cell lines.

Conclusions
Ao38 cells represent a highly productive new insect cell line that will be useful for heterologous protein expression and other applications in biotechnology.
Vaccination response to protein and carbohydrate antigens in patients with rheumatoid arthritis after rituximab treatment
Authors: Rehnberg Maria , Brisslert Mikael , Amu Sylvie , Zendjanchi Kiandoht , Håwi Gunilla , Bokarewa Maria I 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Introduction
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is frequently complicated with infections. The aim of our study was to evaluate vaccination response in patients with RA after B-cell depletion by using rituximab.

Methods
Influenza (Afluria) and pneumococcal polysaccharides (Pneumo23) vaccines were given 6 months after rituximab (post-RTX group, n = 11) or 6 days before rituximab treatment (pre-RTX group; n = 8). RA patients never exposed to RTX composed the control group (n = 10). Vaccine-specific cellular responses were evaluated on day 6 after vaccination, and vaccine-specific humoral responses, on day 21.

Results
On day 6 after vaccination, formation of influenza-specific B cells was lower in post-RTX group as compared with the pre-RTX group and controls (P = 0.04). Polysaccharide-specific B cells were found in 27% to 50%, being equally distributed between the groups. On day 21, the impairment of humoral responses was more pronounced with respect to influenza as compared with the pneumococcal vaccine and affected both IgG and light-chain production. Total absence of influenza-specific IgG production was observed in 55% of the post-RTX group.

Conclusions
RTX compromises cellular and humoral vaccine responses in RA patients. However, repeated RTX treatment or previous anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) treatment did not accentuate these defects.
Diet-induced obesity differentially regulates behavioral, biomechanical, and molecular risk factors for osteoarthritis in mice
Authors: Griffin Timothy M , Fermor Beverley , Huebner Janet L , Kraus Virginia B , Rodriguiz Ramona M , Wetsel William C , Cao Li , Setton Lori A , Guilak Farshid 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Introduction
Obesity is a major risk factor for the development of osteoarthritis in both weight-bearing and nonweight-bearing joints. The mechanisms by which obesity influences the structural or symptomatic features of osteoarthritis are not well understood, but may include systemic inflammation associated with increased adiposity. In this study, we examined biomechanical, neurobehavioral, inflammatory, and osteoarthritic changes in C57BL/6J mice fed a high-fat diet.

Methods
Female C57BL/6J mice were fed either a 10% kcal fat or a 45% kcal fat diet from 9 to 54 weeks of age. Longitudinal changes in musculoskeletal function and inflammation were compared with endpoint neurobehavioral and osteoarthritic disease states. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to determine independent associations with diet, percentage body fat, and knee osteoarthritis severity. We also examined healthy porcine cartilage explants treated with physiologic doses of leptin, alone or in combination with IL-1α and palmitic and oleic fatty acids, to determine the effects of leptin on cartilage extracellular matrix homeostasis.

Results
High susceptibility to dietary obesity was associated with increased osteoarthritic changes in the knee and impaired musculoskeletal force generation and motor function compared with controls. A high-fat diet also induced symptomatic characteristics of osteoarthritis, including hyperalgesia and anxiety-like behaviors. Controlling for the effects of diet and percentage body fat with a multivariate model revealed a significant association between knee osteoarthritis severity and serum levels of leptin, adiponectin, and IL-1α. Physiologic doses of leptin, in the presence or absence of IL-1α and fatty acids, did not substantially alter extracellular matrix homeostasis in healthy cartilage explants.

Conclusions
These results indicate that diet-induced obesity increases the risk of symptomatic features of osteoarthritis through changes in musculoskeletal function and pain-related behaviors. Furthermore, the independent association of systemic adipokine levels with knee osteoarthritis severity supports a role for adipose-associated inflammation in the molecular pathogenesis of obesity-induced osteoarthritis. Physiologic levels of leptin do not alter extracellular matrix homeostasis in healthy cartilage, suggesting that leptin may be a secondary mediator of osteoarthritis pathogenesis.
The Q Factor: Modal Rationalism versus Modal Autonomism
Authors: Levine Joseph 
Published: July 2010

Type-B materialists (to use David Chalmers's jargon) claim that though zombies are conceivable, they are not metaphysically possible. This article calls this position regarding the relation between metaphysical and epistemic modality “modal autonomism,” as opposed to the “modal rationalism” endorsed by David Chalmers and Frank Jackson, who insist on a deep link between the two forms of modality. This article argues that the defense of modal rationalism presented in Chalmers and Jackson (2001) begs the question against the type-B materialist/modal autonomist.The argument proceeds as follows. Modal rationalists claim that for all nonphenomenal macro properties, the appropriate supervenience conditional is both necessary and a priori. Hence, type-B materialists must engage in special pleading when they claim that the relevant supervenience conditional for phenomenal properties, expressing the supervenience of the phenomenal on the physical, is necessary but not a priori. However, what Chalmers and Jackson demonstrate, if anything, is that the conditional that includes all the microphysical plus the phenomenal in the antecedent, and nonphenomenal macro facts (such as facts about water and other natural kinds, among other things) in the consequent, is a priori. The question arises why, since facts about water and the like do not metaphysically supervene on the phenomenal facts, is it appropriate to include the phenomenal facts in the antecedent of the relevant supervenience conditional.This article argues for the following claims: First, that it's crucial to the general semantic framework Chalmers and Jackson defend that they do include the phenomenal facts in the supervenience conditional; without them, the conditional would not be a priori. Second, that the only way to argue from the a priori character of these conditionals to the applicability of modal rationalism to the nonphenomenal cases is to rely either on modal rationalism itself or on the denial of type-B materialism. Obviously, in the context of this argument, either way would beg the question.
Number of autoantibodies and HLA genotype, more than high titers of glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies, predict insulin dependence in latent autoimmune diabetes of adults
Authors: Maioli M , Pes G M , Delitala G , Puddu L , Falorni A , Tolu F , Lampis R , Orrù V , Secchi G , Cicalò A M , Floris R , Madau G F , Pilosu R M , Whalen M , Cucca F 
Published: July 2010

ObjectiveIn latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA), the progression into insulin-dependent diabetes is usually faster than in type 2 diabetes (T2D) but the factors influencing this progression are not completely known. In this study, we searched for sensitive markers associated with early development of insulin dependence.DesignThe screening of 5568 T2D patients for glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies (GAD65Ab) identified 276 LADA patients (M=131; F=145) and in 251 of them, tyrosine phosphatase-2 (IA-2Ab) and thyroperoxidase autoantibodies (TPOAbs), some clinical features and genotype variation of the main type 1 diabetes (T1D) disease susceptibility loci (HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1) were analyzed.ResultsFour years after the diagnosis of diabetes, high GAD65Ab titer was not significantly associated with faster progression toward insulin deficiency (P=0.104). Patients with GAD65Ab and TPOAb or IA-2Ab or triple positivity for both islet and TPOAbs (GAD65Ab/IA-2Ab/TPOAb) showed a significantly faster disease progression (P=0.002). Among 104 TPOAb-positive LADA patients, 10 received replacement therapy (l-thyroxine), 43 showed high TSH levels (62.7% developed insulin dependence), and 3 had hyperthyroidism treated with methimazole. Multivariate analysis revealed a significant effect on disease progression only for TPOAb (P=0.022), female gender (P=0.036), low body mass index (BMI; P=0.001), and T1D high/intermediate risk HLA-DRB1/DQB1 genotypes grouped (P=0.020).ConclusionsHigh GAD65Ab titers per se are not a major risk factor for disease progression in LADA, while the number of positive autoantibodies and HLA DRB1-DQB1 genotypes at high risk for T1D are significant predictors. Moreover, clinical characteristics such as low BMI and female gender are more likely to identify patients who will require insulin therapy within 4 years of diagnosis.
Residency Curriculum Improves Breastfeeding Care
Authors: Feldman-Winter Lori , Barone Lauren , Milcarek Barry , Hunter Krystal , Meek Joan , Morton Jane , Williams Tara , Naylor Audrey , Lawrence Ruth A. 
Published: July 2010

OBJECTIVES:
Multiple studies have revealed inadequacies in breastfeeding education during residency, and results of recent studies have confirmed that attitudes of practicing pediatricians toward breastfeeding are deteriorating. In this we study evaluated whether a residency curriculum improved physician knowledge, practice patterns, and confidence in providing breastfeeding care and whether implementation of this curriculum was associated with increased breastfeeding rates in patients.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS:
A prospective cohort of 417 residents was enrolled in a controlled trial of a novel curriculum developed by the American Academy of Pediatrics in conjunction with experts from the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, American Academy of Family Physicians, and Association of Pediatric Program Directors. Six intervention residency programs implemented the curriculum, whereas 7 control programs did not. Residents completed pretests and posttests before and after implementation. Breastfeeding rates were derived from randomly selected medical charts in hospitals and clinics at which residents trained.

RESULTS:
Trained residents were more likely to show improvements in knowledge (odds ratio [OR]: 2.8 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.5–5.0]), practice patterns related to breastfeeding (OR: 2.2 [95% CI: 1.3–3.7]), and confidence (OR: 2.4 [95% CI: 1.4–4.1]) than residents at control sites. Infants at the institutions in which the curriculum was implemented were more likely to breastfeed exclusively 6 months after intervention (OR: 4.1 [95% CI: 1.8–9.7]).

CONCLUSIONS:
A targeted breastfeeding curriculum for residents in pediatrics, family medicine, and obstetrics and gynecology improves knowledge, practice patterns, and confidence in breastfeeding management in residents and increases exclusive breastfeeding in their patients. Implementation of this curriculum may similarly benefit other institutions.
Henry De la Beche and the plesiosaur's neck
Authors: NORMAN D. B. 
Published: July 2010

There was a close relationship, as neighbours, friends and colleagues, between the triumvirate of Henry Thomas De la Beche, William Daniel Conybeare and William Buckland, who were among the most important and influential members of the Geological Society of London during the decades immediately following its foundation in 1807. Their mutually supportive work on, and interest in, the geology and fossils of their local Dorset coast, meant that each had a great familiarity with the Lias (Lower Jurassic) and its fossil flora and fauna. Henry De la Beche was, however, also blessed with artistic flair, combined with a witty and satirical eye; this has been revealed in his renowned cartoons and caricatures.Much has been made of the originality (both scientific and artistic) of De la Beche's Duria Antiquior, a wonderful image of prehistoric life in the Liassic Seas of Dorset that was sketched during 1830. Re-examination of Duria reveals an attention to detail that is remarkable – though perfectly understandable in the light of his friends' and his own geological survey work in Dorset. The dominant central image, of a plesiosaur (Plesiosaurus dolichodeirus) being bitten across the neck by an ichthyosaur (Temnodontosaurus platyodon), has been attributed to a word picture created by William Conybeare during an exchange of letters with Henry De la Beche in 1824. In fact the evocative image may have much more to do with the nature of preservation of a remarkable skeleton, representing the first complete plesiosaur skeleton and discovered by Mary Anning in 1823, than has been recognised previously.
The study of the natural sciences and botanical and zoological illustration in Tuscany under the Medicis from the sixteenth to the eighteenth centuries
Authors: TOMASI LUCIA TONGIORGI 
Published: July 2010

A vast body of botanical and zoological illustrations was produced in Tuscany between the sixteenth and the eighteenth century. This artistic activity was made possible by the humanistic-scientific tradition which had been established in Florence during the late fifteenth century, and was further encouraged by the Medici dynasty. The contributions made by three uniquely talented and original artists are discussed. Jacopo Ligozzi produced paintings of plants and animals whose scientific accuracy and artistic quality far surpassed anything achieved by his predecessors. The miniaturist Giovanna Garzoni produced floral paintings for the Medici family. Bartolomeo Bimbi combined the genre of botanical and zoological illustration with that of the still life to create works of striking originality.The crucial role played by the new scientific institutions created during the Renaissance is also discussed. A permanent artists' studio was set up in the mid-sixteenth century at Pisa Botanic Garden. Members of Accademia del Cimento in Florence engaged in pioneering studies with the microscope, a newly invented instrument which gave scientists and artists an entirely new perspective on the natural world. The scientist Francesco Redi carried out important work with the help of the artist Filizio Pizzichi who prepared stunning microscopic studies of insects.
Electronic Health Records
Authors: Ammenwerth E. , Hoerbst A. 
Published: July 2010

Summary
Objectives: Since the first concepts for electronic health records (EHRs) in the 1990s, the content, structure, and technology of such records were frequently changed and adapted. The basic idea to support and enhance health care stayed the same over time. To reach these goals, it is crucial that EHRs themselves adhere to rigid quality requirements. The present review aims at describing the currently available, mainly non-functional, quality requirements with regard to electronic health records.
Methods: A combined approach – systematic literature analysis and expert interviews – was used. The literature analysis as well as the expert interviews included sources /experts from different domains such as standards and norms, scientific literature and guidelines, and best practice. The expert interviews were performed by using problem-centric qualitative computer-assisted telephone interviews
Methods Inf Med 2010; 49: 320–336 doi: 10.3414/ME10-01-0038 received: May 17, 2010 accepted: June 9, 2010 prepublished: July 6, 2010 (CATIs) or face-to-face interviews. All of the data that was obtained was analyzed using qualitative content analysis techniques.
Results: In total, more than 1200 requirements were identified of which 203 requirements were also mentioned during the expert interviews. The requirements are organized according to the ISO 9126 and the eEurope 2002 criteria. Categories with the highest number of requirements found include global requirements, (general) functional requirements and data security. The number of nonfunctional requirements found is by contrast lower.
Conclusion: The manuscript gives comprehensive insight into the currently available, primarily non-functional, EHR requirements. To our knowledge, there are no other publications that have holistically reported on this topic. The requirements identified can be used in different ways, e.g. the conceptual design, the development of EHR systems, as a starting point for further refinement or as a basis for the development of specific sets of requirements.
Hybridization and polyploidy of an aquatic plant,Ruppia(Ruppiaceae), inferred from plastid and nuclear DNA phylogenies
Authors: Ito Yu , Ohi‐Toma Tetsuo , Murata Jin , Tanaka Norio 
Published: July 2010

•Premise of the study: The monogeneric family Ruppiaceae is found primarily in brackish water and is widely distributed on all continents, many islands, and from subartic to tropical zones.Ruppiataxonomy has been confusing because of its simplified morphology yet high phenotypic plasticity and the existence of polyploidy and putative hybrids. This study addresses the current classification of species in the genus, the origin of putative hybrids and polyploids, and the distribution ofRuppiaspecies.•Methods: Separate molecular phylogenetic analyses using plastid DNA and nuclear‐encodedPHYBdata sets were performed after chromosome observations.•Key results: The resultant trees were largely congruent between genomes, but were incongruent in two respects: the first incongruence may be caused by long outgroup branches and their effect on ingroup rooting, and the second is caused by the existence of heterogeneousPHYBsequences for several accessions that may reflect several independent hybridization events. Several morphological species recognized in previous taxonomic revisions appear paraphyletic in plastid DNA andPHYBtrees.•Conclusions: Given the molecular phylogenies, and considering chromosome number and morphology, three species and one species complex comprising six lineages were discerned. A putative allotriploid, an allotetraploid, and a lineage of hybrid origin were identified within the species complex, and a hybrid was found outside the species complex, and their respective putative parental taxa were inferred. With respect to biogeography, a remarkably discontinuous distribution was identified in two cases, for which bird‐mediated seed dispersal may be a reasonable explanation.
A Fractal Function Related to the John–Nirenberg Inequality forQα(ℝn)
Authors: Yue Hong 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA borderline case functionfforQα(ℝn) spaces is defined as a Haar wavelet decomposition, with the coefficients depending on a fixed parameterβ> 0. On its supportI0= [0, 1]n,f(x) can be expressed by the binary expansions of the coordinates ofx. In particular,f=fβ∈Qα(ℝn) if and only if α <β<, while forβ= α, it was shown by Yue and Dafni thatfsatisfies a John–Nirenberg inequality forQα(ℝn). Whenβ≠ 1,fis a self-affine function. It is continuous almost everywhere and discontinuous at all dyadic points insideI0. In addition, it is not monotone along any coordinate direction in any small cube. When the parameterβ∈ (0, 1),fis onto fromI0 to, and the graph offhas a non-integer fractal dimensionn+ 1 −β.
Free Bessel Laws
Authors: Banica T. , Belinschi S. T. , Capitaine M. , Collins B. 
Published: July 2010

Abstract We introduce and study a remarkable family of real probability measures πst that we call free Bessel laws. These are related to the free Poisson law π via the formulae πs1 = π⊠s and π1t=π⊠t. Our study includes definition and basic properties, analytic aspects (supports, atoms, densities), combinatorial aspects (functional transforms, moments, partitions), and a discussion of the relation with random matrices and quantum groups.