bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Italie : la rigueur a ses raisons que le coeur ne connaît point
Authors: Caracciolo Piero 
Published: April 2012

L’importante dette publique que l’Italie traîne depuis plus de vingt ans a de nouveau atteint, en 2011, le même niveau de 120% du PIB qu’elle avait déjà touché en 1994 et elle a poussé les taux d’intérêt sur les bons du trésor italiens à des niveaux que les agences de notation ont jugés dangereux pour la solvabilité de l’État. Le gouvernement de Silvio Berlusconi, en place depuis 2008, a pris des mesures d’austérité mais n’a pu convaincre ni les marchés, ni les agences, ni les autres chefs des exécutifs européens de leur efficacité. Il a ainsi démissionné le 12 novembre et a été remplacé par un cabinet formé par des experts indépendants des partis, guidé par Mario Monti, un professeur d’économie, ancien commissaire européen. Ce gouvernement, jouissant d’une plus grande crédibilité et d’un fort consensus à l’intérieur et à l’extérieur du pays, a complété les mesures de rigueur et a commencé à prendre des mesures de relance de l’économie. Ce long processus, qui a duré six mois, a été accompagné de vives discussions, voire de contestations, de la part des syndicats, des partis, des économistes et d’une myriade de comités déjà engagés dans la lutte contre Berlusconi. Ce dernier s’est vu contesté aussi bien par des libéraux, qui trouvaient sa politique trop peu novatrice, que par une gauche mettant au premier plan les exigences des citoyens. Une nouveauté caractérisant tous ces mouvements a été l’utilisation d’Internet et des sites sociaux.
Une mobilisation sociale transeuropéenne est-elle en train d'éclore au Sud ?
Authors: Belkaïd Akram 
Published: April 2012

Fin février 2012, la police anglaise, accompagnée d’huissiers, démantelait le campement de tentes multicolores dressées à proximité de la Cathédrale Saint-Paul au cœur de la City londonienne. Par cette action très médiatisée, les forces de l’ordre mettaient fin à une occupation entamée en octobre 2011 et qui s’était inscrite dans le mouvement mondial des Indignés né à Madrid en Espagne, un an auparavant. Pour de nombreux observateurs, ce démontage, qui s’est déroulé sans trop de heurts, avait valeur de symbole car le village alternatif et anticapitaliste de Saint-Paul faisait figure de dernier bastion des Indignés. Quelques semaines auparavant, la police new-yorkaise avait elle aussi mit fin – avec une violence plus marquée – à l’occupation de plusieurs squares et espaces verts à proximité du New York Stock Exchange (la Bourse) et du quartier des affaires de la mégapole étasunienne. Après la fin d’« Occupy Wall Street » (Occupons Wall Street) est ainsi intervenue celle d’« Occupy the London stock exchange ». Dans une conjoncture marquée par l’essoufflement patent du mouvement des Indignés, y compris en Espagne, il n’en fallait pas plus pour que nombre de commentateurs en décrètent l’échec définitif, tout en le qualifiant d’épiphénomène romantique engendré à la fois par la crise économique et financière de 2008, mais aussi par les événements du « Printemps arabe » où les peuples, notamment ceux de Tunisie et d’Égypte, ont obtenu la chute de leurs dirigeants au cours des premiers mois de l’année 2011.
Sismicités criminelles en Méditerranée Un dangereux aveuglement
Authors: Gayraud Jean-François 
Published: April 2012

Les pays du Nord de la Méditerranée vivent des crises criminelles. Des territoires toujours plus nombreux se retrouvent sous l’influence de réalités criminelles d’autant plus redoutables qu’elles sont anciennes, territorialisées, fonctionnant en quasi symbiose avec leur environnement politico-social. Cependant, ces crises sont en partie incomprises ou ignorées car latentes, permanentes et insidieuses. Là où elles sont nées, et parfois au-delà, les mafias italiennes, albanophones et turques transforment depuis longtemps les systèmes politiques et corrodent les marchés économiques et financiers. Elles s’affirment comme de vraies puissances concurrençant la souveraineté des États et des collectivités locales. Une géopolitique criminelle émerge. L’arc mafieux qui s’affirme au Nord de la Méditerranée constitue désormais un fait stratégique. Mais qui cela préoccupe t-il réellement, alors même que des dizaines de millions de méditerranéens vivent confrontées à des tyrannies criminelles au moins aussi redoutables que les anciennes tyrannies politiques ?
Using Computerized Provider Order Entry to Enforce Documentation of Tests with Pending Results at Hospital Discharge
Authors: Asirwa C. , Li X. , Kesterson J. , Tierney W.M. , Were M.C. , Cadwallader J. 
Published: April 2012

Summary
Background: Small numbers of tests with pending results are documented in hospital discharge summaries leading to breakdown in communication and medical errors due to inadequate followup.
Objective: Evaluate effect of using a computerized provider order entry (CPOE) system to enforce documentation of tests with pending results into hospital discharge summaries.
Methods: We assessed the percent of all tests with pending results and those with actionable results that were documented before (n = 182 discharges) and after (n = 203 discharges) implementing the CPOE-enforcement tool. We also surveyed providers (n = 52) about the enforcement functionality.
Results: Documentation of all tests with pending results improved from 12% (87/701 tests) before to 22% (178/812 tests) (p = 0.02) after implementation. Documentation of tests with eventual actionable results increased from 0% (0/24) to 50% (14/28)(p<0.001). Survey respondents felt the intervention improved quality of summaries, provider communication, and was not time-consuming. Conclusions: A CPOE tool enforcing documentation of tests with pending results into discharge summaries significantly increased documentation rates, especially of actionable tests. However, gaps in documentation still exist.
Orphée au Brésil
Authors: Villeneuve Johanne 
Published: April 2012

L’article qui suit propose une étude du film Orfeu Negro de Marcel Camus (1959) et une réflexion théorique sur le rapport entre cinéma et oralité. Film de fiction inspiré par une certaine ethnographie, Orfeu Negro transpose le mythe d’Orphée dans un Brésil aussi actuel qu’intemporel. À travers sa rencontre avec le Brésil, ses acteurs, musiciens et danseurs, Camus révèle le caractère orphique d’un cinéma dansé et chanté ; il exalte le carnaval, le corps et le chamanisme ; il renoue avec le caractère enchanté d’une culture que nous nous proposons de décrire ici et qui contraste avec la culture européenne à laquelle le réalisateur appartient.
Rêver en psychanalyse : entre l’ogre et la princesse
Authors: Lanctôt Bélanger Marie Claire 
Published: April 2012

Évoquant des créateurs tels que Strindberg, Bergman, Stevenson, l’auteur se demande pourquoi les peintres, les cinéastes, les poètes, les musiciens et les auteurs écrivent-ils leurs rêves ? Sur quelle vérité le rêve se forme-t-il ? Puis, en travaillant deux rêves personnels, un rêve d’enfance apporté en analyse et un de fin de cure, les principales notions du rêve seront reprises pour illustrer comment le rêve se nourrit de pulsionnel et d’infantile. En association avec un élément d’un rêve, Marie Bonaparte est évoquée dans son difficile rapport au sexe féminin. Enfin, le texte se conclut sur le rêve comme pensée de la nuit et espace de transformation.
Table ronde de 1961 autour d’Incandescence de Pierre Mercure
Authors: Gauthier Mario 
Published: April 2012

Conçue et mise sur pied par le compositeur Pierre Mercure (1927-1966) du 3 au 8 août 1961, la Semaine internationale de musique actuelle de Montréal (SIMA) secoua auditeurs et critiques de son temps. Dans un contexte où la musique d’avant-garde avait alors à peine droit de cité, ce festival donna à voir et à entendre des oeuvres dont l’impact et l’influence se font encore sentir de nos jours. Maryvonne Kendergi, qui était alors commentatrice libre à la radio de Radio-Canada, eut l’idée de réunir autour de la même table Jean Beaudet, Eric McLean, Jean Vallerand et Pierre Mercure, dont le ballet Incandescence avait été donné en création le 6 août 1961. Nous proposons ici une transcription quasi intégrale des 35 minutes que Madame Kendergi a conservées de cet entretien. À notre connaissance, il n’a jamais été publié ou entendu dans sa totalité à ce jour.
Aborder la modernité : Triptyque et Lignes et points de Pierre Mercure
Authors: Cherney Brian 
Published: April 2012

Les deux oeuvres pour orchestre Triptyque (1959) et Lignes et points (1964) illustrent les diverses façons qu’avait Pierre Mercure d’aborder l’héritage du modernisme musical. Un des traits fondamentaux de la musique d’allégeance moderniste – et une préoccupation qui relie les compositeurs des premières décennies du xxe siècle (Bartók, Stravinsky, Berg, Hindemith, Honnegger, etc.) avec ceux qui relèvent de l’avant-garde musicale de l’après-guerre – se trouve dans un souci de symétrie. Pour sa part, Mercure emploie des formes symétriques pour structurer les deux oeuvres étudiées dans cet article à divers niveaux. Dans Triptyque, la surface de la musique reste tout à fait traditionnelle, alors que plusieurs aspects de sa structure (un peu cachés) relèvent d’une sensibilité résolument moderniste. Dans Lignes et points, au contraire, la surface de la musique, les sons, les couleurs et les textures sont empreints d’un caractère moderne, voire avant-gardiste, alors que sa structure pour ainsi dire « souterraine » se résume à un thème et variations de confection tout à fait classique (bien que cette forme ne s’entende pas nécessairement comme telle). D’autres aspects de ces deux oeuvres révèlent l’influence sur Mercure de ses contemporains, tels que Karlheinz Stockhausen, Earle Brown et John Cage, dont Mercure a entendu les oeuvres lors de la Semaine internationale de musique actuelle (SIMA) qu’il a organisée en 1961.
Re-ordering the Landscape: Landed Elites and the New Urban Aristocracy in Manchester
Authors: O’Reilly Carole 
Published: April 2012

This paper examines the relationship between the landed aristocracy in the vicinity of Manchester and the “urban aristocracy” of the municipal authority and their role in the development of municipal parks in the city in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. It contests the view that landed elites had little impact on the development of the environs of Manchester during this period and argues that their social and economic influence was gradually replaced by that of the municipal authority in a reordering of the social landscape. It also re-examines the role of debt in the decline of the traditional landed elites and argues that, in the case of the two families studied here, debt became a problem much earlier than others have suggested and was often chronic and persistent. The aristocracy of the Manchester area and the sales of their estates have been marginalized in existing histories, as this group has been perceived as peripheral to the city’s development. It is the contention of this paper that they played a more active role in their localities than previously believed and that they forged significant networks with local authorities, families, businesses, and institutions. Their economic relationships with the new business elite in Manchester, represented primarily but not solely by the municipal authority, provide an opportunity to examine the reordering of the social landscape as the landed elite sought to remove themselves from the city. Having symbolized the social and economic power of the aristocracy, the land now represented the civic pride and enterprise of the municipal authority. This paper reveals the complex interplay of power between these elite groups and sheds a unique light on urban land usage and the formation of leisure spaces in the city.
HPLC‐SEC Characterization of Membrane Protein‐Detergent Complexes
Authors: Korepanova Alla , Matayoshi Edmund D. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractDetermination of the oligomeric state of integral membrane proteins in detergent solutions is a challenging task because the amount of detergent associated with the protein is typically unknown and unpredictable. Methods that estimate the molecular weight of proteins from their hydrodynamic properties in solution are not suitable for detergent‐solubilized membrane proteins. However, size‐exclusion chromatography (SEC) performed in combination with analyses of static light scattering (SLS), ultraviolet absorbance (UV), and refractive index (RI) provides a universal method for determination of the molar masses of biopolymers and protein‐detergent complexes. The light scattered by a protein is directly proportional to its molecular mass, irrespective of shape, and any additional contributions due to bound detergent molecules can be quantitatively accounted for by the additional combined analysis of ultraviolet absorbance and refractive index information. The primary intention of this unit is to describe how to apply the combination of high‐performance liquid chromatography SEC and SLS‐UV‐RI to evaluate molecular mass and the physicochemical heterogeneity of purified membrane protein‐detergent complexes. Curr. Protoc. Protein Sci. 68:29.5.1‐29.5.12. © 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Fabrication of Gelatin Microgels by a “Cast” Strategy for Controlled Drug Release
Authors: Wang Anhe , Cui Yue , Li Junbai , van Hest Jan C. M. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a “casting” strategy to prepare intrinsically fluorescent, uniform and porous gelatin microgels with multi‐responsiveness. Gelatin microgels with tunable size were obtained by copying the structure of a porous CaCO3 template. The diameter of the gelatin microgels was sensitive to salt concentration and pH. Doxorubicin and Rhodamine B as model drugs were loaded into the microgels via electrostatic interaction and release of the payload was triggered by changing the salt concentration and pH, respectively. Cell experiments demonstrated that the gelatin microgels had an excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability. The merits of gelatin microgels such as tunable size, biocompatibility, and stimulus responsive upload and release of positively charged small molecules will permit the microgels as excellent carriers for drug delivery. The whole manufacturing process is furthermore environmental‐friendly involving no organic solvents and surfactants.
Modified mini‐lothrop/extended draf IIB procedure for contralateral frontal sinus disease: a case series
Authors: Eloy Jean Anderson , Friedel Mark E. , Kuperan Arjuna B. , Govindaraj Satish , Folbe Adam J. , Liu James K. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBackground:Management of frontal sinus disease represents one of the most challenging aspects of endoscopic sinus surgery. In select cases, anatomic variations (outflow tract osteoneogenesis, scarring, fat prolapsed from previous orbital decompression) may hinder ipsilateral access using traditional endoscopic approaches. We previously proposed a modification of the standard Draf IIB procedure which incorporates a frontal intersinus septectomy (modified mini‐Lothrop procedure/extended Draf IIB) to access and manage recalcitrant unilateral frontal sinus obstruction inaccessible ipsilaterally in cadaver specimens. In this study, we describe this technique, and present a case series of 4 patients who benefited from this approach.Methods:A retrospective analysis at a large tertiary referral center was performed on all patients undergoing frontal sinus surgery between July 2008 and June 2011. Four patients with frontal sinus recess obstruction inaccessible from the ipsilateral side and treated with the modified mini‐Lothrop procedure/extended Draf IIB were identified.Results:All 4 patients underwent successful frontal sinusotomies via a Modified mini‐Lothrop procedure/extended Draf IIB without complications and had a patent drainage pathway assessed endoscopically after a mean follow‐up of 21 (range, 9‐28) months.Conclusion:The modified mini‐Lothrop procedure/extended Draf IIB represents a feasible approach and adequate alternative to more traditional endoscopic and open frontal sinus procedures in select cases. This modification was successful in addressing difficult to access unilateral frontal sinus disease in this small cohort. © 2012 ARS‐AAOA, LLC.
The effect of adding polysilane on heat fusion properties of various kinds of polyethylene
Authors: Katsuhisa Tokumitsu , Masahiro Yamada , Mika Nakamura , Kana Kobori 
Published: April 2012

AbstractIn this study, the affects that added polysilanes (PSis) (linear (Mw = 500–24,900, PMPS), cyclic (Mw = 900, PDPS), and networked (Mw = 1100, PPSi)) have on the heat‐fusion properties of various types of polyethylene (PE) materials (HDPE, LDPE, LLDPE, and UHMWPE) were investigated. Addition of PM‐5 (PMPS; Mw = 500) on the surface of PE films led to an increase in the peeling strength such that the modified films could not be peeled off even under the same conditions for which the PE films without PM‐5. This result indicated that the modified film could be heat‐fused at a much lower temperature than the neat sample. On addition of PDPS or PPSi of nearly the same molecular weight as PM‐5 to the surface of PE films, the peeling strength decreased dramatically and the modified films could not be heat‐fused any further than the neat PE samples under the same conditions. Moreover, for PMPSs of higher molecular weights, the peeling strength decreased dramatically with increasing molecular weight, and the modified PE films could not be heat‐fused and thus were readily peeled off. Through evaluation of electron probe microanalysis measurements, it was found that only PM‐5 (Mw = 500) can diffuse (migrate) into PE materials. Furthermore, the diffusion distance increased in the order LDPE, LLDPE, UHMWPE, and HDPE and corresponded to the intensity of the molecular motion in the amorphous region (β relaxation) of each PE material. Consequently, it was deduced that only PM‐5 is compatible with PE and has the ability to migrate through the amorphous regions of PE materials, thus enabling this PSi to affect PE heat‐fusion properties. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Mixed‐surfactant‐induced morphology change of polyaniline
Authors: Chen Chia‐Fu , Lei I‐Ann , Chiu Wen‐Yen 
Published: April 2012

AbstractIn this study, polyaniline (PANI) was synthesized in the presence of a mixture of two surfactants, dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid (DBSA) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The morphology of PANI observed under transmission electron microscopy was found to be spherical and cylindrical shapes. At low DBSA concentrations (2 and 10 mM), the addition of SDS made it easier to obtain the cylindrical morphology of PANI. A scheme based on the deformation and coagulation of mixed micelles was proposed to explain the morphological change of PANI. In the system of 10 mM DBSA, when the SDS concentration was 2 mM, the tubular morphology of PANI was observed, whereas when the SDS concentration was increased, a fiber morphology of PANI was found. The relative ratio of anilinium cations to free aniline played a key role in whether the tube or fiber morphology existed. Finally, a significant improvement in the conductivity of PANI was achieved when PANI had a cylindrical morphology. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Characterization of soy protein–celery composite paper sheet: Rheological behavior, mechanical, and heat‐sealing properties
Authors: Shao Cai , Yang Chuanmin , Wang Xinyu , Luo Peng 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe rheological properties of soy protein spray‐coating dispersions were investigated as a function of concentration (10–13.75%) and temperature (30–60°C). The dispersions showed a shear‐thinning behavior. With the increase in concentration, the consistency coefficient (κH) values increased. An increasing in temperature led to an increasing flow behavior index (nH) and a decreasing κH. However, Cox–Merz rule was not applicable to the coating dispersions. Soy protein–celery composite paper sheet was prepared by spraying soy protein on the surface of the celery paper sheet. The cohesion of soy protein and celery fiber resulted in sealing of celery paper. The seal strength increased with the increase in soy protein concentration. The seal strength increased from 114.850 to 160.560 N/m, when the soy protein concentration increased from 10 to 13.75%. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Estimating the Attraction Domain for the Boost Inverter
Authors: Albea C. , Gordillo F. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThis work presents an approach for estimating the domain of attraction for polynomial systems with state and control‐signal constraints, including saturation. In many problems, it is possible to derive global stability properties for such systems, neglecting constraints. Consideration of the constraints usually makes the problem much more complicated. In this paper, the stability analysis performed for the unconstrained case is used for the problem as a whole. For application of the method, there are powerful computational tools that can be employed in cases of polynomial systems. The technique is not only valid for the analysis of equilibrium points, but also for other attractors, such as limit cycles.As examples, the domain of attraction for given control laws is estimated for both a nonlinear DC‐DC boost converter and for a boost inverter.
Linear Observer‐Based Active Disturbance Rejection Control of the Omnidirectional Mobile Robot
Authors: Sira‐Ramírez H. , López‐Uribe C. , Velasco‐Villa M. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThis article describes the design of a linear observer‐linear controller‐based robust output feedback scheme for output reference trajectory tracking tasks in an omnidirectional mobile robot. The unknown, possibly state‐dependent, additive nonlinearities influencing the input‐output tracking error dynamics are modeled as an absolutely bounded, additive, unknown “time‐varying disturbance” input signal. This procedure simplifies the system tracking error description to that of three independent chains of second order integrators with, known, position‐dependent control gains. These simplified systems are additively perturbed by the unknown, smooth, time‐varying signal which is proven to be trivially observable. Generalized proportional integral (GPI) observers, are shown to naturally estimate, in an arbitrarily close manner, the unknown perturbation input of the simplified system and a certain number of its time derivatives. This information is used to advantage on the linear, observer‐based, feedback controller design via a simple cancellation effort. The results are implemented on a laboratory prototype of an omnidirectional mobile robot.