bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urogenital schistosomiasis among adult male population in an endemic area of southern Tanzania: a descriptive cross-sectional study
Authors: Zacharia Abdallah , Makene Twilumba , Haule Stanley , Lukumay Gift , Omary Huda , Shabani Monica , Ngasala Billy 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundUrogenital schistosomiasis (UGS) caused bySchistosoma haematobiumis endemic in Southern Tanzania. The disease has significant implications for both socioeconomic and public health. Because infections withS. haematobiumusually peak in childhood, the majority of studies have concentrated on school-aged children leaving other groups such as males which might be continuous reservoir of infection transmission. However, despite its chronic consequences in the male population, the disease has received insufficient attention, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. This study was conducted to describe the previous and current schistosomiasis status among adult males living in high-endemic areas of southern TanzaniaDesign, setting and participantsA descriptive cross-sectional study was employed to gather data on the prevalence of UGS among adult men residing at schistosomiasis endemic in the Mtama District Council. Quantitative methods of data collection which included questionnaire and laboratory procedures were used.ResultsOut of 245 participants, macrohaematuria and microhaematuria were found in 12 (4.9%, 95% CI 2.4% to 7.8%) and 66 (26.9%, 95% CI 21.6% to 32.7%) participants, respectively.S. haematobiumova were recovered from the urine samples of 54 (22.0%, 95% CI 16.7% to 27.3%) participants. The median intensity of infection was 20 eggs per 10 mL of urine ranging from 1 to 201 eggs per 10 mL of urine (IQR) 60.5). Out of 245 participants 33 (13.5% 95% CI 9.0% to 17.6%) had light intensity of infection and 21 (38.9%, 95% CI; 25.0% to 52.5%) had heavy intensity of infection. Overall, the prevalence of heavy intensity of infection was 8.6% (95% CI 4.9% to 12.6%). The prevalence and intensity of UGS varied significantly by age, marital status and village of residence.ConclusionThis study sheds light on the prevalence of UGS among adult males in endemic areas of southern Tanzania. The results highlight the urgent need for comprehensive intervention strategies to address the burden of the disease.
Flow cytometric analysis of peripheral blood neutrophil myeloperoxidase expression in myelodysplastic neoplasms (MPO-MDS-Valid): protocol for a multicentre diagnostic accuracy study
Authors: Planta Charlotte , Bret Caroline , Manzoni Delphine , Lhoumeau Anne-Catherine , Mayeur Rousse Caroline , Ticchioni Michel , Campos Lydia , Eischen Alice , Gonnet Nicolas , Merle Raymond , Seigneurin Arnaud , Paul Franciane , Comte Estelle , Allieri-Rosenthal Alessandra , Tondeur Sylvie , Regnart Chloé , Jacob Marie-Christine , Labarère José , Park Sophie , Raskovalova Tatiana 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionMany patients referred for suspicion of myelodysplastic neoplasm (MDS) are subjected to unnecessary discomfort from bone marrow aspiration, due to the low disease prevalence in this population. Flow cytometric analysis of peripheral blood neutrophil myeloperoxidase expression could rule out MDS with sensitivity and negative predictive value estimates close to 100%, ultimately obviating the need for bone marrow aspiration in up to 35% of patients. However, the generalisability of these findings is uncertain due to the limited sample size, the enrolment of patients at a single study site, and the reliability issues associated with laboratory-developed tests and varying levels of operator experience. This study aims to validate the accuracy attributes of peripheral blood neutrophil myeloperoxidase expression quantified by flow cytometric analysis in an independent multicentre sample.Methods and analysisThe MPO-MDS-Valid project is a cross-sectional diagnostic accuracy study comparing an index test to a reference standard. Consecutive adult patients referred for suspicion of MDS are being recruited at seven university hospitals and one cancer centre in France. At each site, flow cytometric analysis of peripheral blood samples is performed by operators who are blinded to the reference diagnosis. A central adjudication committee whose members are unaware of the index test results will determine the reference diagnosis of MDS, based on cytomorphological evaluation of bone marrow performed in duplicate by experienced hematopathologists. The target sample size is 400 patients and the anticipated study recruitment completion date is 31 December 2025.Ethics and disseminationAn institutional review board (Comité de Protection des Personnes Nord-Ouest III, Caen, France) approved the protocol, prior to the start of the study. Participants are recruited using an opt-out approach. Efforts will be made to publish the primary results within 6 months after study completion.Trial registration numberNCT05175469.
No-fault compensation schemes for COVID-19 vaccine injury: a mixed bag for claimants and citizens
Authors: Macleod Sonia , Uberti Francesca , Kameni Enga 
Published: June 2024

The development of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) presented a unique set of challenges. There was a global need for safe, effective vaccines against a new virus. In response to the development of vaccines for COVID-19 (some of which used novel technologies), there was a proliferation of no-fault compensation schemes (NFCS) for COVID-19 vaccine injuries. We identified 28 national vaccine injury NFCS operating in December 2019. Just 2 years later, over 130 countries had some NFCS coverage for COVID-19 vaccines. This rapid expansion was primarily driven by the creation of three multinational schemes. The COVID-19 Vaccines Global Access (COVAX) scheme covers vaccines given under the COVAX framework in 92 low and middle-income countries across the globe. The African Vaccines Acquisition Trust (AVAT) scheme covers vaccines administered under the AVAT framework in 36 African and Caribbean countries. The UNICEF scheme covers vaccines administered by UNICEF in 18 Asian countries.Because of the sudden expansion of no-fault compensation for vaccine injury, especially in developing economies, more research on the foundations, procedures and outcomes of NFCS is needed. In this article, we examine how these NFCS meet the needs of individual claimants and society more widely. To do so, we first review the rationales offered to support the creation of vaccine injury NFCS. We then argue that, in order to achieve their function as compensation mechanisms, NFCS should be accessible and offer substantive and procedural justice to claimants. Finally, we focus on transparency and accountability as necessary requirements to allow scrutiny over existing NFCS and their wider impacts.
Healthcare professionals roles in pancreatic cancer care: patient and family views and preferences
Authors: Horinuki Fumika , Saito Yumiko , Yamaki Chikako , Toh Yasushi , Takayama Tomoko 
Published: June 2024

ObjectivesThis study explored the information needs and requirements of patients with pancreatic cancer (PPCs) and their families through patients’ and families’ views and preferences (PVPs) collected by healthcare professionals (HCPs) and to identify differences in PVPs by profession.MethodsWe conducted an anonymous web-based survey of HCPs in cancer care hospitals in Japan, posing specific questions from patients or families regarding pancreatic cancer within the past year. We qualitatively analysed the data and classified them into several categories according to their content. We also compared the percentage of PVPs in each category in the medical profession.ResultsWe collected 893 PVPs from 353 HCPs and classified them into 15 topics within 5 categories: (1) treatment and care, (2) characteristics of the disease, (3) daily life, (4) feelings of patients or families and (5) communication with HCPs/peer support information. Physicians, nurses and pharmacists received mainly PVPs in categories 1 and 2. Characteristically, cancer counsellors received PVPs in all categories, with higher frequencies for categories 3–5.ConclusionsPPCs and families have diverse PVPs, and appear to select different HCPs for consultation based on their specific concerns. Each HCP should recognise that their individual experience may be insufficient in understanding the full spectrum of PVPs; however, cancer counsellors tend to have a broader awareness of them. To support PPCs and families, HCPs should appropriately collaborate with each other, considering that HCPs like cancer counsellors who do not provide direct treatment still play an important role in providing holistic support.
Americium-241 in peat bogs as a global marker of the beginning of the Anthropocene: examples from Europe and North America
Authors: Oleksandrenko A. , Appleby P.G. , Duke M.J.M. , Noernberg T. , Shotyk W. 
Published: June 2024

Fallout radionuclides are being considered as potential global indicators of the beginning of the Anthropocene, yet questions persist about their preservation in bogs. This study assessed the reliability of 241Am records in peat cores from acidic, ombrotrophic bogs. The source of 241Am (half-life 432.7 years) in these natural archives is radioactive decay of the short-lived plutonium isotope 241Pu (half-life 14.329 years) present in fallout from the atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons. We leveraged previously gathered data to gauge the congruence of 241Am records with 210Pb dates, examining the alignment of the 241Am activity peak with the depth corresponding to the year AD 1963, as determined using the 210Pb constant rate of supply (CRS) model. Our analysis employed 35 peat cores from 30 sites across Europe and North America, collected over the last three decades for trace metal deposition studies. Each core underwent independent 210Pb dating. Among the 35 cores, 10 were excluded because of significant uncertainty in 241Am peak quantification. Among the remaining 25 cores, 22 displayed a single 241Am peak and 3 exhibited two peaks with similar 241Am activities. Of the 22 cores with a single peak, 18 were within 10 years of AD 1963, with 10 of those being within 5 years. For 10 of the 22 cores, 14C dates obtained from the atmospheric bomb pulse curve enabled comparison, with 9 showing ≤10 years of difference and 7 of those showing ≤5 years from the 210Pb CRS model AD 1963. Factors contributing to age discrepancies included (i) analytical limitations of 241Am measurements in peat using gamma spectrometry, (ii) the impact of peat accumulation rates on 241Am activities, i.e., dilution effects, (iii) post-depositional migration of 241Pu and (or) 241Am, (iv) uncertainties introduced during 210Pb age-modelling, and (v) the limited number of samples dated using 14C. The usefulness of 241Am as an Anthropocene marker (assuming AD 1963) hinges on the accepted uncertainty level in defining this epoch. Detection of 241Am through gamma spectrometry was statistically validated as a real peak in 22 out of a total of 35 cores: this fraction (63%) is within the range reported in other studies. Given that the cores were gathered from 16 European and 14 North American sites, these peaks can be taken to denote the hemispheric onset of the Anthropocene. Lastly, common post-depositional migration of 137Cs in ombrotrophic peatlands contrasts with its immobility in minerotrophic peatlands, where the presence of mineral matter and neutral pH inhibit its movement. This observation suggests that fens and swamps, characterized by minerotrophic conditions, may also serve as repositories of nuclear weapons test fallout, including 241Am.
Pseudo-transition between antiferromagnetic and charge orders in a minimal spin-pseudospin model of one-dimensional cuprates
Authors: Strečka Jozef , Karl’ová Katarína 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This study rigorously investigates the phenomenon of a pseudo-transition in a minimal spin-pseudospin model, serving as a simplified model of one-dimensional cuprate chains [CuO]$$_\infty $$

∞

, by making use of the transfer-matrix method. The studied spin-pseudospin model of one-dimensional cuprate chains [CuO]$$_\infty $$

∞

reveals a peculiar pseudo-transition between a charged-ordered phase and an antiferromagnetic phase, which is accompanied with anomalous behavior of magnetic and thermodynamic quantities. While the entropy and short-range correlations undergo near the pseudo-transition steep continuous changes reminiscent of a discontinuous phase transition, the specific heat displays a sizable sharp peak akin to a continuous phase transition.

Graphic Abstract
A density plot of the specific heat of one-dimensional spin-pseudospin model of cuprate chain in the inter-site interaction versus temperature plane, which serves as a pseudo-phase diagram involving charged-ordered (CO) and antiferromagnetic (AF) phases
On the (un)testability of the general free scalar–tensor gravity for the Solar System tests
Authors: Huang Li , Deng Xue-Mei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRecently, Zhang et al. [Eur. Phys. J. C 84, 381, https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-12723-8 (2024)] constrained the Yukawa correction in the general free scalar–tensor gravity by borrowing the measured values of the parametrized post-Newtonian (PPN) parameters $$\gamma -1=(2.1\pm 2.3)\times 10^{-5}$$

γ
-
1
=

(
2.1
±
2.3
)

×

10

-
5

and $$\beta -1=(-\,4.1\pm 7.8)\times 10^{-5}$$

β
-
1
=

(
-

4.1
±
7.8
)

×

10

-
5

in the Solar System tests. They firstly defined two PPN parameters $$\gamma (r)$$

γ
(
r
)

and $$\beta (r)$$

β
(
r
)

in the gravity, which depend on the radial distance r and include the Yukawa-type parameters. Then, by comparing between the experiments’ results of two PPN parameters and their $$\gamma (r)$$

γ
(
r
)

and $$\beta (r)$$

β
(
r
)

, the authors claimed that they gave the tightest bound on the gravity by the Cassini tracking experiment. However, we find their approach is not rigorous. In this paper, corresponding astronomical experiments have been physically modelled by considering the lightlike and the timelike geodesics in the general free scalar–tensor gravity. Contrary to the wrong results in Zhang et al.’s work, it is shown that the Cassini tracking experiment is insensitive to the general free scaler–tensor gravity. Furthermore, we also find that the time delay and the light deflection are all independent of the gravity. Due to an additional Yukawa-type advance in the periastron shift, we derive very much improved bounds on the Yukawa-type parameters of this gravity.
Probing dirac neutrino properties with dilepton signature
Authors: Xu Wan-Lun , Han Zhi-Long , Jin Yi , Li Honglei , Lu Zongyang , Meng Zhao-Xia 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe neutrinophilic two Higgs doublet model is one of the simplest models to explain the origin of tiny Dirac neutrino masses. This model introduces a new Higgs doublet with eV scale VEV to naturally generate the tiny neutrino masses. Depending on the same Yukawa coupling, the neutrino oscillation patterns can be probed with the dilepton signature from the decay of charged scalar $$H^\pm $$

H
±

. For example, the normal hierarchy predicts BR$$(H^+\rightarrow e^+\nu )\ll $$

(

H
+

→

e
+

ν
)
≪

BR$$(H^+\rightarrow \mu ^+\nu )\approx $$

(

H
+

→

μ
+

ν
)
≈

BR$$(H^+\rightarrow \tau ^+\nu )\simeq 0.5$$

(

H
+

→

τ
+

ν
)
≃
0.5

when the lightest neutrino mass is below 0.01 eV, while the inverted hierarchy predicts BR$$(H^+\rightarrow e^+\nu )/2\simeq $$

(

H
+

→

e
+

ν
)
/
2
≃

BR$$(H^+\rightarrow \mu ^+\nu )\simeq $$

(

H
+

→

μ
+

ν
)
≃

BR$$(H^+\rightarrow \tau ^+\nu )\simeq 0.25$$

(

H
+

→

τ
+

ν
)
≃
0.25

. By precise measurement of BR$$(H^+\rightarrow \ell ^+\nu )$$

(

H
+

→

ℓ
+

ν
)

, we are hopefully to probe the lightest neutrino mass and the atmospheric mixing angle $$\theta _{23}$$

θ
23

. Through the detailed simulation of the dilepton signature and corresponding backgrounds, we find that the 3 TeV CLIC could discover $$M_{H^+}\lesssim 1220$$

M

H
+

≲
1220

GeV for NH and $$M_{H^+}\lesssim 1280$$

M

H
+

≲
1280

GeV for IH. Meanwhile, the future 100 TeV FCC-hh collider could probe $$M_{H^+}\lesssim 1810$$

M

H
+

≲
1810

GeV for NH and $$M_{H^+}\lesssim 2060$$

M

H
+

≲
2060

GeV for IH.
Asymptotics of Cointegration Tests for High-Dimensional Var(k)
Authors: Bykhovskaya Anna , Gorin Vadim 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The paper studies nonstationary high-dimensional vector autoregressions of order k, VAR(k). Additional deterministic terms such as trend or seasonality are allowed. The number of time periods, T, and the number of coordinates, N, are assumed to be large and of the same order. Under this regime the first-order asymptotics of the Johansen likelihood ratio (LR), Pillai–Bartlett, and Hotelling–Lawley tests for cointegration are derived: the test statistics converge to nonrandom integrals. For more refined analysis, the paper proposes and analyzes a modification of the Johansen test. The new test for the absence of cointegration converges to the partial sum of the Airy1 point process. Supporting Monte Carlo simulations indicate that the same behavior persists universally in many situations beyond those considered in our theorems.
The paper presents empirical implementations of the approach for the analysis of S&P100 stocks and of cryptocurrencies. The latter example has a strong presence of multiple cointegrating relationships, while the results for the former are consistent with the null of no cointegration.
Using Rich Lists to Study the Super-Rich and Top Wealth Inequality: Insights from Switzerland
Authors: Baselgia Enea , Martínez Isabel Z. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We present a new data set we built based on Swiss rich lists going back to 1989. We show, among other things, that 60% of the super-rich are heirs—a fraction twice as large as in the US—and that wealth mobility at the very top has declined significantly. We find that top 0.01% wealth shares are higher than previous estimates based on wealth tax statistics suggest. At the same time, we argue that rich list data lead to overestimating wealth inequality. While rich lists are valuable to study the super-rich, we recommend to use reported wealth figures with caution.
Communicating conservation: Evidence of knowledge gains through a children’s conservation club in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Andini Hutasoit Petricia , Saragih Risti Angelina , Riyan Dwi , Christina Ina , Yustiningtyas Riethma , Aragay Soler Joana , Cheyne Susan M. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Conservation education as a key element in fighting species extinction. One of the key objectives of environmental education is to promote pro-environmental behaviours; increasing knowledge and understanding are the first steps. An understanding of the forest and its links to human and wildlife health is essential to foster forest protection. We used NVivo 12 to evaluate a conservation education program based around the Sebangau National Park, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Two age groups were evaluated 7-10 years old (37 children) and 11-13 years old (35 children) in 2 sessions conducted approximately 9 months apart. We asked students to write an essay about their knowledge of the forest. Over the 9 months, children increased their use of words accurately associated with BNF activities (0 to 4%), conservation actions (0 to 2%) and forest threats (2 to 12%) as well as expressing more of an emotional connection to the forest and wildlife (0 to 5%). Children who had joined the club for >12 months showed an increase in knowledge about forest characteristics (25 to 30%) and wildlife species names (43 to 55%). While we can demonstrate clear awareness increase on environmental issues, changing mind-sets, attitudes and behaviours does require an in-depth vital experience. We strongly believe that non-formal education is a key complementary tool to inspire new generations to take action towards conservation and sustainable development.
TITIRITIANDO: Creating an engaging theatrical education program to teach children that cotton-top tamarins (Saguinus oedipus) are not pets
Authors: Savage Anne , Diaz Leysthen , Pasion Johana , Torregroza Katharine , Stevens Alexander Franke , Guillen Rosamira 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Cotton-top tamarins (Saguinus oedipus) are a critically endangered primate found only in Colombia. Proyecto Tití has been leading conservation efforts in Colombia and has developed successful conservation education programs that engage communities in activities that promote the long-term survival of cotton-top tamarins. TITIRITIANDO is an educational theatrical program that introduces children to cotton-top tamarins and the challenges they face in the illegal pet trade. We presented this program to 4018 elementary school children to determine if using puppets and interactive messaging created an emotional connection between children and cotton-top tamarins that inspired them to engage in actions that aid cotton-top tamarin conservation. Pre- and post-test evaluations were conducted on 1917 students. Pre-surveys found 34% of the children were unable to identify at least one action to help cotton-top tamarins. Following the program students could on average identify at least 3 actions that positively impacted cotton-top tamarins with “not having a cotton-top tamarin as a pet” (75%) as the most frequently sited response. Misconceptions regarding the health and wellbeing of pet cotton-top tamarins was evident with 20% of the students believing that animals were well cared for and had a better life living with people than in the forest. Following the program, students were able to understand and empathize with pet cotton-top tamarins and on average could identify at least 3 negative impacts on individual welfare/well-being with the most common answers as they (1) are sad/depressed (91%), (2) die (87%), (3) are fed an inappropriate diet (80%), (4) have lost their family (74%) and (5) have lost their freedom (39%). This study demonstrates the effectiveness of educational theater in helping children to understand the impact the illegal pet trade has on cotton-top tamarins and how they can engage in activities to protect them.
Species groups of Crossodonthina Yosii (Collembola: Neanuridae), with the description of a new species and a new record for C. bidentata Luo & Chen
Authors: JIANG JI-GANG , WANG QING-YUN 
Published: June 2024

A new two-eyed species of the genus Crossodonthina Yosii (Collembola: Neanuridae) is recorded and described from the Nanling National Forest Park, Ruyuan Yao Autonomous County, Guangdong Province, China. Crossodonthina quadridentata sp. nov. is characterized by 2+2 eyes, labral chaetotaxy formula as 4/4, 2, cephalic chaeta O present, cephalic tubercles Dl, L and So fused together, mandible with 4 basal teeth and 5 fringed rami, and maxilla with two lamellae, the outer lamella apically bifurcated, the inner lamella ciliated. Crossodonthina bidentata Luo & Chen is also recorded for the first time in the Mount Wuyi National Nature Reserve, Fujian Province. The genus Crossodonthina is herein tentatively divided into two species groups. The main differences between the montana and the nipponica groups are listed and discussed, and the importance of the number of eyes in the classification of Neanuridae is stressed.
Problemy ukraińskiej samoidentyfikacji w ujęciu Bohdana Łepkiego: próba rekapitulacji. Komentarz do artykułu Bohdana Łepkiego „Kilka zagadnień z literatury ukraińskiej” (1933)
Authors: Hladyr Yana 
Published: June 2024

Tekst stanowi komentarz do artykułu ukraińskiego pisarza, działacza społecznego i kulturalnego Bohdana Łepkiego, opublikowanego w 1933 roku w „Sprawach Narodowościowych”. Omawiany artykuł opisuje znaczenie końca XIX i początku XX wieku dla kultury ukraińskiej i narodowej samoidentyfikacji Ukraińców, ze szczególnym naciskiem na rozwój i rozkwit literatury ukraińskiej w tym okresie. W komentarzu autorka skupia się na obecnych markerach ukraińskiej tożsamości kulturowej.