bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors accounting for a missed diagnosis of cystic fibrosis after newborn screening
Authors: Rock Michael J. , Levy Hara , Zaleski Christina , Farrell Philip M. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractNewborn screening is a public health policy program involving the centralized testing laboratory, infant and their family, primary care provider, and subspecialist for confirmatory testing and follow‐up of abnormal results. Cystic fibrosis (CF) newborn screening has now been enacted in all 50 states and the District of Columbia and throughout many countries in the world. Although CF neonatal screening will identify the vast majority of infants with CF, there are many factors in the newborn screening system that can lead to a missed diagnosis of CF. To inform clinicians, this article summarizes the CF newborn screening system and highlights 14 factors that can account for a missed diagnosis of CF. Care providers should maintain a high suspicion for CF if there are compatible symptoms, regardless of the results of the newborn screening test. These factors in newborn screening programs leading to a missed diagnosis of CF present opportunities for quality improvement in specimen collection, laboratory analysis of immunoreactive tryspinogen (IRT) and CF mutation testing, communication, and sweat testing. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2011; 46: 1166–1174. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Recurrent pleural effusion without intrathoracic migration of ventriculoperitoneal shunt catheter: A case report
Authors: Chuen‐im Piyaporn , Smyth Matthew D. , Segura Bradley , Ferkol Thomas , Rivera‐Spoljaric Katherine 
Published: September 2011

AbstractPleural effusion is a rare complication of ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunting, usually due to the migration of the VP shunt catheter into the thorax. Herein we report a neurologically disadvantaged child with alobar holoprosencephaly and hydrocephalus, initially treated with a VP shunt, who years later developed recurrent right‐sided pleural effusion ultimately confirmed to be a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) hydrothorax without intra‐thoracic migration of the distal shunt catheter. Thoracentesis was compatible with a transudative effusion. Given the presence of a persistent pleural effusion, beta‐2 transferrin concentrations were measured, which yielded a positive result. Plain radiographs and head computed tomography (CT) showed a normally positioned, functional VP shunt. A spine CT myelogram to look for a spinal dural‐thoracic CSF fistula was negative. A radionuclide CSF shunt study demonstrated normal functioning VP shunt with radiotracer accumulation within the peritoneum, with subsequent tracer rapidly accumulating in the right hemithorax. Video‐assisted thoracoscopic (VATS) exploration with drainage of the pleural effusion and pleurodesis was then performed. No diaphragmatic defect or shunt tubing within the thorax was found and the procedure failed to resolve the effusion. The patient's recurrent effusion was ultimately resolved with intracranial endoscopic choroid plexus coagulation to decrease CSF output. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2012; 47:91–95. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Acid and non‐acid reflux during physiotherapy in young children with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Doumit Michael , Krishnan Usha , Jaffé Adam , Belessis Yvonne 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBackgroundGastro‐esophageal reflux (GOR) may contribute to lung disease in children with cystic fibrosis (CF). There is conflicting evidence regarding the effect of chest physiotherapy (CPT) in the head‐down position on GOR. Furthermore, there is currently no evidence on the impact of physiotherapy on GOR as assessed by pH‐multichannel intraluminal impedance (pH‐MII).Aims(1) To characterize GOR in young children with CF. (2) To determine whether the head‐down position during physiotherapy exacerbates GOR.MethodsChildren were studied using pH‐MII monitoring over 24‐hr, during which they received two 20‐min sessions of CPT. One session was performed in “modified” drainage positions with no head‐down tilt and the alternate session in “gravity‐assisted” drainage positions, which included 20° head‐down tilt.ResultsTwenty children with CF (8 males), median age 12 months (range 8–34) were recruited. A total of 1,374 reflux episodes were detected in all children, of which 869 (63%) were acid and 505 (37%) were non‐acid. Seventy‐two percent of the episodes migrated proximally. During CPT, there was no significant difference between total number of reflux episodes in the modified or gravity‐assisted positions, median [inter‐quartile range (IQR)] 1 (0–2.5) compared to 1 (0.75–3) episode, respectively, P = 0.63. There was also no significant difference between the number of reflux episodes which migrated proximally, median (IQR) 1 (0–2) compared to 0 (0–2) episodes, respectively, P = 0.75.ConclusionIn young children with CF, GOR is primarily acidic and proximal migration is common. Physiotherapy in the head‐down position does not appear to exacerbate GOR. The impact of GOR on lung disease remains to be elucidated. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2012; 47:119–124. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Infection control knowledge, attitudes, and practices among cystic fibrosis patients and their families
Authors: Miroballi Yolanda , Garber Elizabeth , Jia Haomiao , Zhou Juyan Julia , Alba Luis , Quittell Lynne M , Angst Denise , Cabana Michael , Saiman Lisa ,   and the CF Infection Control Study Consortium
Published: September 2011

AbstractBackgroundIn 2003, the Cystic Fibrosis (CF) Foundation in the United States published evidence‐based infection control guidelines and distributed these to CF care centers. However, it is unclear how well the guidelines have been disseminated to patients and families, how well patients and families understand the principles of infection control, and what barriers they experience implementing the guidelines.MethodsWe assessed infection control knowledge, attitudes, and practices among CF patients and their families at 17 randomly selected CF centers. Anonymous surveys were completed by CF patients (≥16 years old) or their family members (patients <16 years old). To adjust for similarities of patients within each center, generalized estimating equations regression was used.ResultsFrom January 2007 to May 2009, 1,399 respondents completed surveys of whom 38% were patients and 62% were family members (overall mean age of patients = 14 years). Overall, 65% of respondents were aware of the CF infection control guidelines, but only 30% had discussed them more than once with their CF care team. More than one discussion was associated with increased knowledge of infection control, including routes of pathogen transmission; the importance of avoiding close contact with other CF patients; increased confidence in practicing infection control; and increased belief in the health benefits of infection control.ConclusionsThis study revealed that many CF patients and families are aware of the infection control guidelines, but that few had discussed them more than once with their CF teams. These findings underscore the importance of engaging patients and their families in regular discussions about infection control that address questions and concerns including the potential impact of infection control on health and well‐being. Further strategies are needed to overcome barriers to implementing these guidelines. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2012; 47:144–152. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Assessing asthma control: Symptom scores, GINA levels of asthma control, lung function, and exhaled nitric oxide
Authors: Waibel Vanessa , Ulmer Hanno , Horak Elisabeth 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe childhood asthma control test (C‐ACT) is a validated symptom score for assessing asthma control in children. We used a slightly modified version (C‐ACTM) of the German C‐ACT and compared our results with the literature, correlated the children's part of C‐ACT (C‐ACTchildren) with a visual analogue scale (VASchildren), explored the agreement between C‐ACTM and GINA levels of asthma control, as well as the relationship between C‐ACTM and lung function and exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO).MethodsWe investigated 107 children with a diagnosis of asthma. The study protocol consisted of a clinical examination, assessment of asthma control according to GINA guidelines, administration of C‐ACTM, VASchildren, lung function, and FeNO.ResultsOf our patients 66% had, according to GINA, partly controlled‐/uncontrolled asthma, 18% were uncontrolled according to C‐ACTM. Children with partly controlled‐/uncontrolled asthma according to GINA had lower C‐ACTM scores than did children with controlled asthma (16.1 ± 3.6 SD vs. 25.4 ± 1.8 SD; P < 0.000), and children with a C‐ACTM score ≤ 19 had poorer lung function (mean FEV1% predicted 81.5 ± 13.5 SD vs. 94.2 ± 12.1 SD; P = 0.002). Spearman's rank correlation coefficients revealed significant correlations between all symptom scores. Multiple linear regression adjusted for age, gender, FEV1 and FeNO demonstrated a significant relationship between C‐ACTM, VASchildren, and FEV1 (P = 0.003, resp. <0.000), but no significant correlation between C‐ACTM, VASchildren, and FeNO.ConclusionsThe German version of C‐ACTM is valid and useful for monitoring children with asthma along with tests aimed to follow up lung function and airway inflammation. Concordance between C‐ACTM and GINA is moderate, because asthma control assessed by C‐ACTM allows more symptoms and lung function is not included in the scoring. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2012; 47:113–118. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Refining the orthotopic dog prostate cancer (DPC)‐1 model to better bridge the gap between rodents and men
Authors: Anidjar Maurice , Scarlata Eleonora , Cury Fabio L. , Rocha Joice , Hamel Lucie , Luz Murilo , Chevalier Simone 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBACKGROUNDRodent models are often suboptimal for translational research on human prostate cancer (PCa). To better fill the gap with human, we refined the previously described orthotopic dog prostate cancer (DPC)‐1 model.METHODSCyclosporine (Cy) A was used for immune suppression at varying doses and time‐periods prior and after orthotopic DPC‐1 cell implantation in the dog prostate (n = 12). Follow up included digital rectal examination, ultrasound prostate imaging and biopsies of hypoechoic areas. At necropsy, the prostate, iliosacral lymph nodes (LN), lung nodules, and suspicious bone segments were collected for histopathology.RESULTS15 mg CyA/kg daily for 10 days was optimal for tumor take. Maintaining these conditions post‐implantation resulted in a rapid tumor development within and beyond the prostate and in iliosacral LNs. To minimize tumor burden, 10 times less DPC‐1 cells were implanted. A series of dogs was next followed for 3–4 months, under continuous immune suppression (n = 3) or with CyA interruption at 8.5 weeks (n = 2). In all instances, multifocal tumors were found within the prostate. Predominant patterns were micropapillary and cribriform. Metastases were present in iliosacral LNs and lungs. Moreover, pelvic bone metastases producing a mixed osteoblastic/osteolytic reaction were confirmed in two dogs, one per group. Lastly, the release of CyA 1–2 weeks post‐implantation (n = 3) did not prevent tumor growth and spreading to LNs.CONCLUSIONSThe continuing growth of DPC‐1 tumors despite the release of CyA and, for the first time, spreading to bones renders this refined model closer to the spontaneous canine and hormone‐refractory phase of human PCa. Prostate 72:752–761, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Diversity in Chinese Auckland: Hypothesising Multiple Ethnoburbs
Authors: Xue Jingjing , Friesen Wardlow , O'Sullivan David 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTIn relation to its population, New Zealand has a high rate of immigration, and these immigrants are concentrated in the primate city of Auckland. This study considers the settlement of Chinese migrants in Auckland and considers their spatial distribution using the concept of ‘ethnoburb’. The location of Chinese residents and businesses is mapped and analysed to consider whether the concept of ethnoburb is useful in this context, which has similarities and differences from the Los Angeles context in which the concept was originally proposed. The areas where Chinese clustering is greatest are identified, and the characteristics of the residents of these clusters are compared. Distinctive differences in terms of age, ethnic diversity, migrant origin, education, occupation, and Chinese business concentration are apparent between different areas, and this has lead us to hypothesise that these areas can be described as distinctive ethnoburbs, rather than a single homogeneous ethnoburb. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Correlation between quenching temperature and internal friction behavior in Zr55Al10Ni5Cu30 bulk metallic glasses
Authors: Wang Zhi‐zhi , Zu Fang‐qiu , Zhang Zhang , Cui Xiao , Li Liang , Shui Jia‐peng 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIt is widely accepted that the structures and properties of solids are influenced greatly by its matrilineal liquid state. In the present paper, the correlation between the internal friction behavior of Zr55Al10Ni5Cu30 BMG samples and their quenching temperatures was investigated. The measured tan ϕ − T curves showed that the positions of internal friction peaks did not change with frequencies for all samples. But they were shifted to higher temperature with the quenching temperature elevated. In the supercooled liquid, the higher the melt temperature was, the lower the internal friction was. Based on the theory of Perez, the correlation parameter χ was deduced from tan ϕ − f curves in the vicinity of Tg. The change of the value of χ showed that the melt temperature had significantly influence on the mechanical relaxation of metallic glasses.
Real‐time study of protein adsorption on thin nanocrystalline diamond
Authors: Grieten L. , Janssens S. D. , Ethirajan A. , Bon N. Vanden , Ameloot M. , Michiels L. , Haenen K. , Wagner P. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe study of protein adsorption on solid surfaces is interesting for theoretical and practical bio‐analytical sensing applications. In this work we combine electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, and fluorescence microscopy with thin boron doped nanocrystalline diamond films to address and study the adsorption behavior of globular proteins (antibodies) on hydrophobic and hydrophilic diamond surfaces. A powerful combination of time resolved impedance spectroscopy and data modeling with equivalent circuits allow a detailed insight in the protein behavior at an interface. It is found that hydrogenated diamond is greatly favorable for impedimetric read‐out but causes slight conformational loss of the protein structure and therefore also its biological activity. The oxidized surface allows faster adsorption and a high biological activity but results in smaller impedimetric response.
Sputter‐deposited Ga–Sn–Zn–O thin films for transparent thin film transistors
Authors: Kim Dong‐Ho , Kim Hey‐Ri , Kwon Jung‐Dae , Lee Gun‐Hwan , Lee Hee Sung , Im Seongil 
Published: September 2011

AbstractGa–Sn–Zn–O (GTZO) thin films were prepared on glass substrates at 100 °C by co‐sputtering of Ga‐doped ZnO and SnO2 targets. Characteristic properties of the films were investigated with varying oxygen gas content in the sputtering ambient. Whereas amorphous GTZO films were prepared with pure Ar sputtering, polycrystalline films were obtained with the addition of oxygen gas. With a proper mixing ratio of sputtering gases, O2/(Ar + O2) ∼2%, we could obtain GTZO films with good performances as an active channel material in thin film transistor (TFT); i.e, field effect mobility of 12.2 cm2 V−1 s−1, on/off current ratio of 109, and subthreshold voltage swing of 0.46 V decade−1.
Controlling out‐of‐plane deformations of graphene nanobridges
Authors: Nakajima T. , Shintani K. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractGraphene nanoribbons (GNRs) can be applied to transistors, mass sensors, and dust detectors. Suspended GNRs which connect terminals in electronic devices like bridges can be treated as edge‐constrained GNRs. In this paper, edge‐constrained GNRs of various sizes and initial strains are studied using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. To induce strain in GNRs, bond lengths between carbon atoms of the initial configurations of GNR models are varied. The bond length of the energetically stable GNRs is estimated at 1.47 Å. At this bond length, GNRs obviously change the tendencies of their energies, amplitudes, and deformations. The relationships between the out‐of‐plane deformations and the sizes of GNRs, and between the out‐of‐plane deformations and strains of GNRs are studied. Under compressive strain, the out‐of‐plane deformation of GNRs is dominantly caused by buckling. The amplitude of the buckling decreases as GNRs elongate. On the other hand, under tensile strain, the out‐of‐plane deformation of GNRs is caused by ripples and thermal vibrations. The ripples show regular patterns. It is suggested we can control the amplitudes of the out‐of‐plane deformations and ripple patterns of GNRs by adjusting their strain.
Direct graphene growth on insulator
Authors: Lippert Gunther , Dabrowski Jarek , Lemme Max , Marcus Charles , Seifarth Olaf , Lupina Grzegorz 
Published: September 2011

AbstractFabrication of graphene devices is often hindered by incompatibility between the silicon technology and the methods of graphene growth. Exfoliation from graphite yields excellent films but is good mainly for research. Graphene grown on metal has a technological potential but requires mechanical transfer. Growth by SiC decomposition requires a temperature budget exceeding the technological limits. These issues could be circumvented by growing graphene directly on insulator, implying Van der Waals growth. During growth, the insulator acts as a support defining the growth plane. In the device, it insulates graphene from the Si substrate. We demonstrate planar growth of graphene on mica surface. This was achieved by molecular beam deposition above 600 °C. High resolution Raman scans illustrate the effect of growth parameters and substrate topography on the film perfection. Ab initio calculations suggest a growth model. Data analysis highlights the competition between nucleation at surface steps and flat surface. As a proof of concept, we show the evidence of electric field effect in a transistor with a directly grown channel.magnified image
Energetic carbon atoms impinge onto the mica. Few‐layer graphene nucleates at step edges and at chemisorbed carbon atoms (black circles). At temperatures above 600 °C, nano‐sized graphene flakes can slide freely to coalesce into a graphene film.
Comprehensive characterization of an individual carbon nanotube transport device
Authors: Frielinghaus Robert , Goß Karin , Trellenkamp Stefan , Houben Lothar , Schneider Claus M. , Meyer Carola 
Published: September 2011

AbstractWe present a comprehensive characterization of an individual multiwalled carbon nanotube transport device combining electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy with electrical measurements. Each method gives complementary information that mutually help to interpret each other. A sample design that allows for combining these investigation methods on individual carbon nanotube devices is introduced. This offers a direct correlation of transport features and shifts of Raman modes with structural properties as, e.g. the contact interface and the morphology of the nanotube.
Electric dipole moments and polarizabilities of small Bin (n = 2–24, 40, 80) clusters
Authors: Zhang Song , Yuan Hong Kuan , Chen Hong , Kuang An Long , Wu Bo 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe electric dipole moments (EDMs) and polarizabilities of small Bin (n = 2–24, 40, 80) clusters are investigated by the finite field method within density functional theory (DFT). The results show that both dipole moments and polarizabilities have even–odd oscillation behaviors, and they strongly depend on geometrical structures and electronic structures. High symmetry structure prohibits the occurrence of EDMs on Bi clusters. The increasing polarizabilities of Bi clusters are attributed to the inherent novel chain‐like geometrical evolution, which is significantly different from the characters observed in metal clusters or semiconductor clusters.
Local magnetic switching in patterned permalloy elements by focussed‐MOKE measurements
Authors: Sun Li , Zou Xiao , Zhang Wen , Li Guodong , Zhai Ya , Wu Jing , Xu Yongbing , Zhai Hongru 
Published: September 2011

AbstractAn investigation on the local magnetization processes within patterned permalloy films was performed by means of focussed magneto‐optic Kerr effect (MOKE) measurements, from which local magnetic hysteresis loops of the individual elements were found to be dependent on the separation between the individuals as well as the position in the array. When the separation between elements is larger than the element size, positions of elements in the array is relatively less influential on the behaviour of the magnetic hysteresis loops which are just the contribution of an individual element. When the separation between elements is close to the element size, the magnetic anisotropy shown in the magnetic Kerr loops is affected by the element position indicating that the magnetic interaction should be taken into account, which is also confirmed by the Micromagnetic simulations. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Inversion for atmospheric thermodynamical parameters of IASI data in the principal components space
Authors: Masiello G. , Serio C. , Antonelli P. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe problem of reducing the dimensionality of infrared atmospheric sounding interferometer (IASI) data space through a suitable transform and performing the retrieval process for thermodynamical parameters within the transformed data space is addressed in this paper. The reduction of dimensionality is performed with the principal components transform, which allows us to represent the full IASI spectrum with a few coefficients of the expansion. This truncated expansion could have a twofold beneficial effect: (i) it could improve the present exploitation and performance of IASI data for the retrieval of temperature and moisture; and (ii) it could save transmission bandwidth, data rate and costs for the dissemination to users of IASI data. A suitable form of the inverse/forward model completely embedded in the transformed space has been derived and applied to simulated and real IASI data. This methodology has allowed us to assess the IASI performance for temperature, water vapor and ozone based on the full IASI spectral coverage. The use of back‐transformed spectral radiances (i.e. the filtered radiances obtained by the truncated expansion) instead of expansion coefficients has also been addressed and assessed. Retrieval exercises performed in simulation and with real observations lead us to conclude that the principal components space‐based inverse approach is potentially superior over the current practice of using sparse channels. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society