bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abdominal Instillation of Crystalloid Fluid Decreases the Recurrence of Adhesive Small Bowel Obstruction
Authors: Nemeth Zoltan H. , Flanagan Joseph S. , Stopper Patricia B. , Rolandelli Rolando H. 
Published: June 2024

Peritoneal adhesion is a common cause of small bowel obstruction (SBO). In this study, we included 40 adult patients who had SBO, or partial obstructive symptoms. In the abdominal instillation of crystalloid fluid (AICF) cohort, 16 patients underwent lysis of adhesions and abdominal crystalloid fluid instillation at the end of the procedure. In the control (CO) group, 24 patients received lysis of adhesions without fluid instillation. AICF was achieved by the abdominal instillation of 1864 ± 97.5 mL of crystalloid fluid. We analyzed the recurrence of peritoneal adhesions resulting in reoperation for SBO within the 64.3 ± 9.15 months of follow-up time for the CO and the 70.5 ± 13.16-month follow-up for the AICF group. The AICF group had a lower SBO recurrence rate of 12.5% compared to the CO group’s 41.6% rate ( P = .049). Taken together, AICF decreased the recurrence of SBO requiring reoperation secondary to adhesion formation compared to the lysis of adhesions alone, as seen in the CO group.
Prognostic Value of Systemic Inflammatory Response in Lymph Node-Negative Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Takano Yasuhiro , Kubota Akihito , Kai Wataru , Kodera Keita , Koyama Muneyuki , Kobayashi Yasunobu , Kanno Hironori , Hanyu Nobuyoshi 
Published: June 2024

Background The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of systematic inflammatory response in patients with lymph node-negative colorectal cancer. Methods We retrospectively investigated 245 patients with lymph node-negative colorectal cancer who underwent curative resection and evaluated the prognostic impact of systematic inflammatory response, which was represented by neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), prognostic nutritional index (PNI), and C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio (CAR). Then, the prognostic significance of the systematic inflammatory response on survival was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method in patients selected by propensity score matching (PSM) analysis. Results In the multivariate analysis, CAR ≥ .081 ( P = .004) was independent predictors of disease-free survival, while American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status ≥3 ( P = .049) and CAR ≥ .081 ( P < .001) were independent predictors of overall survival. By PSM analysis, PSM-high-CAR was significantly associated with worse disease-free survival ( P = .043) and overall survival ( P = .041) in patients with lymph node-negative colorectal cancer. Conclusions C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio may be a significant indicator of poor long-term outcomes in patients with lymph node-negative colorectal cancer.
Postoperative Bleeding in Children With Tonsillectomy: A Retrospective Cohort
Authors: Liu Yan , Xu Jiayan , Fan Yamei , Zhou Ying 
Published: June 2024

Background: It is necessary to evaluate the risk factors of secondary bleeding after tonsillectomy in children, to provide reference for clinical children management and care. Methods: Children who underwent tonsillectomy from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2022, in our hospital were retrospectively included. The characteristics of children with and without secondary bleeding were analyzed. Results: A total of 1068 children undergoing tonsillectomy were included, and the incidence of secondary bleeding children undergoing tonsillectomy was 4.87%. Age ≥ 9 years old (odds ratio [OR] = 2.609, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.112-3.437), type of surgery (OR = 1.764, 95% CI = 1.148-2.291), and degree of tonsil embedding (OR = 2.116, 95% CI = 1.805-2.644) were the risk factors of secondary bleeding after tonsillectomy in children (all P < .05). Conclusion: Medical staff should proactively monitor and address the identified risk factors by implementing timely warning systems and preventive strategies to reduce the postoperative bleeding following tonsillectomy.
Perceptions on Treatment Utilization and Risk of Overdose Among Opioid Users in Kolkata: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Das Saibal , Sarkar Sharmila , Bhowmik Kalyan , Mukherjee Sovonlal , Saha Indranil , Basu Aniruddha , Roy Ayoleena , Rao Ravindra , Sarkhel Sujit , Neogi Rajarshi , Bhargava Stuti , Paramanik Milan , Ghosh Atanu , Mandal Shambhu , Mondal Sarnendu , Sen Sreyashi , Mondal Manaswini , Khatun Yeasmina , Saha Asim , Chakrabarti Amit 
Published: June 2024

Objective: This study was performed to explore the perceptions of treatment utilization patterns and the risk of overdose of both opioid users and their peer educators in Kolkata, India. Methods: This study used a qualitative approach for data collection between September and December 2023. In-depth interviews (IDIs) of 20 opioid users from two authorized opioid substitution therapy (OST) centers (10 registered clients) and their respective field practice areas (10 unregistered clients) in Kolkata were conducted. Key informant interviews (KIIs) of six peer educators were also conducted. Semi-structured interviews were conducted; audio was recorded, transcribed, and translated for coding and analysis. An inductive thematic analysis was performed. Results: Six broad themes (individual knowledge, logistics, legal/administrative, treatment effectiveness, self-confidence of treatment, and poor knowledge about the antidote of opioid poisoning, i.e., naloxone) emerged from the data analysis of IDIs. Four broad themes (high-risk behavior, raising awareness, the benefits of OST, and poor knowledge about naloxone) emerged from the data analysis of KIIs. Both opioid users and their peer educators were aware of the dangers of opioid overdose. However, they lacked sufficient knowledge in recognizing and offering immediate assistance in instances of opioid overdose, including the administration of naloxone. Conclusion: The findings recognize the necessity of drawing and retaining opioid users in an efficient healthcare facility, such as OST centers, and providing them adequate training to identify and provide immediate assistance in cases of overdose, including naloxone administration. Our findings will assist policymakers in designing programs to prevent and treat opioid overdoses.
Transition of cluster headache: Depicting side-changing attacks as a chronic trait in an interview-based follow-up study
Authors: Søborg Marie-Louise Kulas , Petersen Anja Sofie , Lund Nunu , Barloese Mads Christian Johannes , Jensen Rigmor Højland 
Published: June 2024

Background Cluster headache presents in an episodic and chronic form, between which patients can convert during the course of disease. We aimed to quantify the rate of cluster headache patients changing phenotype within one and five years and investigate the earlier proposed association between chronification and having side-shifting attacks. Methods In total, 430 cluster headache patients well-characterized according to current International Classification of Headache Disorders criteria, who were all participants in a prior transition-study, were re-interviewed in an observational, retrospective, cross-sectional follow-up study design at the Danish Headache Center. Results The transition rate for the whole cohort was 6.5% within one year and 19.8% within five years. The risk of becoming chronic if episodic was 4.0% within one year and 12.3% within five years. For conversion from chronic to episodic, the corresponding risk was 11.1% and 25.0%, respectively. Alterations in attack-side were reported in 32% of all chronic patients, generating an odds ratio of 2.24 of being chronic as opposed to episodic if experiencing side-shifting attacks. Conclusions A higher transition rate since the original cross-sectional study demonstrates cluster headache as a non-static condition. Identifying a risk of transition within one and five years, based on current phenotype along with high odds of being chronic when experiencing a shift of attack-side, offers a valuable clinical compass in the dialogue with the patient.
Stress and Loneliness Among Family Caregivers of Older Persons With Cognitive Impairment: The Mediating Role of Social Isolation and the Moderating Role of Personal Mastery
Authors: Sung Pildoo , Lim-Soh Jeremy , Lee June May-Ling , Chan Angelique 
Published: June 2024

Objectives Relatively little attention has been paid to the underlying processes and conditions leading to loneliness among caregivers of older persons with cognitive impairment (PCI). Drawing upon the caregiver stress-process model and the social relationship expectations framework, this study examined the mediating role of social isolation and the moderating role of caregiver personal mastery in the association between PCI memory and behavioral problems and caregiver loneliness. Methods Structural equation modeling was applied to cross-sectional data from 266 caregivers in Singapore. Results Caregiver-reported PCI memory and behavioral problems were associated with increased levels of caregiver loneliness. Caregiver social isolation partially mediated the association and caregiver personal mastery moderated the association. Discussion Caregivers with low mastery were more likely to experience loneliness due in part to social isolation resulting from their PCI’s memory and behavioral problems. Tailored interventions should address caregiver social isolation and foster caregiver personal mastery.
Prevalence and Factors Associated With Palliative Care Utilization Among Hospitalized Patients With Gallbladder Cancer- A National Inpatient Sample Analysis
Authors: Ajibawo Temitope , Okunowo Oluwatimilehin 
Published: June 2024

Objectives Various factors have been associated with palliative utilization in different cancers. However, literature is still lacking on the prevalence and factors associated with palliative care use in gallbladder cancer (GBC). This study aims to determine the prevalence of palliative care utilization and examine the factors associated with palliative care utilization among patients with GBC. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis using the National Inpatient Sample between 2016 and 2018. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize the study population. We explored factors associated with palliative care utilization among hospitalized GBC patients using logistic regression. Results Of the 20280 GBC hospitalizations, 18.0 % utilized palliative care. Multivariable analysis revealed that treatment at urban teaching hospitals, or treatment at urban nonteaching hospitals, Medicare insurance, other insurance coverage, transfer to a facility/discharge with home health, and death during hospital stay were associated with higher utilization of palliative care. In contrast, non-elective admissions were associated with decreased odds of palliative care utilization. Conclusion Palliative care use among GBC patients is still low at 18.0%. Palliative care use was associated with insurance disparities, discharge disposition, hospital location, and type of admission. Therefore, concerted efforts to address these disparities in palliative care utilization are needed to improve the quality of care for this population.
Does Family Functioning Matter? Understanding the Relationship Between Family Interactions and Depressive Symptoms for Caregivers of Cancer Patients
Authors: White Makinde Keisha , Pitzer Kyle A. , Benson Jacquelyn J. , Mitchell Maysara , Oliver Debra Parker , Demiris George , Washington Karla T. 
Published: June 2024

Background Caregivers of cancer patients are at increased risk of depression and other health challenges. There is limited understanding of the role of the caregiver’s own family members in promoting or discouraging mental wellbeing. Family functioning conceptualizes how family members interact to promote a positive family environment and has the potential to impact caregiver mental health. The purpose of this study is to assess the association between family interactions and depressive symptoms among family caregivers of cancer patients. Methods Secondary analysis of baseline data from an NIH-funded randomized control trial of family caregivers of cancer patients recruited from academic palliative care clinics at three sites (2 Midwest, 1 East). We tested for an association between caregiver responses to the Family Quality of Life in Dementia-Family Interactions Subscale and Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Depression Short Form 8A using a block-wise approach to linear modeling. Results A total of 246 caregivers were included in analysis; caregivers were mostly White (82%), not Hispanic or Latina/o (96%), and female (65%), with an average age of 55 years. Overall, participants had high family interactions (mean 57.7, sd 11.7) and an average depressive symptom burden (t-score 52.4, SD 8.57). Family interactions was significantly negatively associated with depressive symptoms (b = −.163, se = .057) when accounting for relevant covariates. Conclusion Family caregivers with more positive family interactions are likely to have fewer depressive symptoms, suggesting family functioning may play a key role in bolstering family caregiver mental health and wellbeing.
The efficacy of technology-based devices on the first-attempt success rate for difficult intravenous access in pediatrics: A systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Hosseini Seyed Javad , Firooz Mahbobeh , Yazdi Khadijeh , Abdollahi Masoud , Hosseini Seyed Reza , Ramezani Monir 
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Previous studies have compared various technology-based devices, such as ultrasonography (USG), near-infrared (NIR), and transilluminator (TI), with standard care (SC) to facilitate peripheral intravenous cannulation (PIVC) in pediatric patients. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of these interventions on the first-attempt success rate (FASR) of PIVC in pediatric patients with difficult intravenous access (DIVA) using network meta-analysis (NMA). Methods: We conducted a comprehensive literature search in databases to identify randomized clinical trials comparing the effects of different devices on the FASR of PIVC from inception until August 2023. Pooled relative risks with 95% credible intervals were estimated using pairwise and network meta-analysis with random effects. To rank the efficacy of devices, we calculated the probabilities of the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA). Results: A total of 18 studies were included in the final analysis. The results of pairwise meta-analysis showed that the use of devices increased the FASR for PIVC by 13% (RR: 1.13, 95% CI: [0.98, 1.30]) compared to SC. The ranking of interventions based on efficacy from highest to lowest was as follows: USG (SUCRA: 1), NIR (SUCRA: 0.6), SC (SUCRA: 0.3), and TI (SUCRA: 0.1), with a very low confidence estimate. Conclusion: Based on our findings, the prioritization of device usage to increase the FASR of PIVC in pediatric patients with DIVA is as follows: USG, NIR, SC, and TI, respectively. However, due to inconsistencies in the network, existence of an overall high risk of bias in the included studies, and very low confidence estimate, further clinical trials are required.
Investigating the Potency of Camphor Combined With Kerosene on the Emergence of Anopheles Gambiae
Authors: Ojianwuna Cynthia C. , Enwemiwe Victor N. , Esiwo Eric , Golley Deborah , Ifeta Sarah E. , Oborayiruvbe Treasure E. 
Published: June 2024

Background Camphor has a long-term application history in the control of insect pests and their mixture with kerosene is not an exception in the control of mosquitoes. Objectives Due to differences in larval biology and positioning in breeding sites, this study was designed to reassess the potency of camphor mixed with kerosene against the emergence of Anopheles mosquitoes in order to ascertain that efficacy of a treatment may not differ greatly with different mosquito species. Methodology Larvae and pupae of Anopheles mosquitoes were collected from Ndokwa West Area of Delta State, Nigeria using standard World Health Organization method and left to acclimatize for 6 h in the Insectary before exposure. Mosquitoes were confirmed as Anopheles gambiae. Camphor (2 g) and its mixture with kerosene in equal ratio were introduced into 100, 200, and 400 mL of water which equated 0.02%, 0.01%, and 0.005%, respectively. Anopheles mosquitoes exposed to only water served as control for the experiment. Twenty larvae and pupae in their third stage of larval development was first sorted into 1000 mL glass beaker and then introduced into various treatment concentrations in 3 replicates. Results Highest mortality was recorded in larvae exposed to 0.02% of camphor mixed with kerosene. Pupae exposed to same concentration compared favorably. Lethal dosage (LD50 and LD95) of camphor exposed to Anopheles larvae and pupae ranged from 0.002% to 0.004% and 0.021% to 0.491%, respectively. More so, values were 0.002% and range from 0.010% to 0.021% in camphor mixed with kerosene, respectively. Conclusion Therefore, the intensification in the use of camphor mixed with kerosene among the population in mosquito breeding sites would reduce the mosquito biting activities and diseases in the locality.
Sociodemographic and Clinical Factors Associated With Clinical Outcome in Neuroinfectious Diseases: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Boubour Alexandra , Kim Carla Y. , Torres Sarah , Jia Dan T. , Hess Evan , Liu Sibei , Sun Yifei , Fong Kathryn , Epstein Samantha , Yan Helena , Luche Nicole , Gao Kerry , Glassberg Brittany , Harmon Michael , Hoang Hai , Navis Allison , Schorr Emily , Gofshteyn Jacqueline S. , Yeshokumar Anusha K. , Thakur Kiran T. 
Published: June 2024

Objective To evaluate sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with clinical outcomes in patients hospitalized with neuroinfectious diseases at three tertiary care centers in New York City. Methods This retrospective cohort study was conducted at three large urban tertiary care centers between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2017. Poor clinical outcome was defined as length of hospital stay (LOS) ≥2 weeks and/or discharge to a location other than home. Sociodemographic and clinical factors were obtained from electronic medical records and descriptively analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis investigated relationships between sociodemographic and clinical factors, and outcomes. Results Among 205 patients with definitive neuroinfectious diagnoses, older patients were more likely to have a LOS ≥2 weeks (odds ratio [OR]: 1.03; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01-1.05) and less likely to be discharged home (OR: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.94-0.98) than younger patients. Patients with an immunocompromised state were more likely to have a LOS ≥2 weeks (OR: 2.80; 95% CI: 1.17-6.69). Additionally, patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) were more likely to have a LOS ≥2 weeks (OR: 4.65; 95% CI: 2.13-10.16) and less likely to be discharged home (OR: 0.14; 95% CI: 0.06-0.34). There were no statistically significant associations between sex, race, ethnicity, English proficiency, substance use, or poverty index, and clinical outcome. Conclusions In this multicenter cohort of hospitalized neuroinfectious diseases, older age, history of immunocompromised state, and admission to the ICU were significantly associated with poor clinical outcome.
Medical waste generation rate and management practices among government hospitals in Eastern Ethiopia. A descriptive survey
Authors: Tolera Sina Temesgen , Kebede Kuma , Muzeyin Mohammed , Aschalew Alemayehu 
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Healthcare facilities generate medical waste, also known as healthcare waste or health facility waste, during the healthcare delivery process, which is improperly managed as a result of underfunded healthcare systems, poor training, and lack of awareness of policies and legislation on handling medical waste as well as do not have national guidelines in place to adhere to the correct disposal of such wastage in developing countries like Ethiopia. Objectives: To estimate the healthcare waste generation rate among selected public hospitals in eastern Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was conducted in eight public in eastern Ethiopia from 1st June 2023 to 30th July 2023. The “Bed-Patient-healthcare wastes” model was used to estimate the healthcare waste generation rate based on WHO and empirical evidence. HCW generation rate = No of (Inpatients (Inpts) + Outpatients (Outpts))/day*0.53 kg/day. Meanwhile, general (GW), infectious (IW), pharmaceutical (PW), sharps (SW), and pathological (PtW) are computed as follows: GW = No. of (Inpt + Oupt)/day*0.53 kg/day and IW, PW, SW, and PtW = No. of Inpts/day*0.53 kg/day. In contrast, for hazardous and non-hazardous healthcare wastes, No of HCWs/day*0.8 and no. of HCWs/day*0.2 were utilized, and Key informant interviews and field observational were also applied. Descriptive analysis such as percentage, mean, and standard deviation were presented. Result: According to the current assessment, 105.1-142.8 kg/day healthcare waste was generated from outpatient and 167.3-244.2 kg/day from inpatients of public hospitals. From these, the Mean ± SD of daily healthcare waste generation rate estimated by non-hazardous and hazardous waste were 164.6 ± 80.9 kg/patients/day and 41.2 ± 20.2 kg/patients/day, respectively. In daily generation, the mean and standard deviations (Mean ± SD) of general wastes, infections waste, pharmaceutical wastes, sharp wastes, and pathological waste/patient were 62% (521.9), 23% (194.8), 4% (35.4), 2% (17.7), and 9% (70.9), respectively. Conclusion: The current assessment concluded that a large volume of healthcare waste is generated from selected public hospitals, which were not effectively segregated, separated at the source, and haven’t conventional or standard treatment. As a result, the study advised that regional and global collaboration in hospital waste and wastewater management be encouraged.
Burden of irregular menstrual cycle and its predictors among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mussa Ibsa , Jibro Usmael , Sertu Addisu , Deressa Alemayehu , Mohammed Fethia , Regassa Lemma Demissie , Cheru Abera , Mohammed Eptisam , Abdurahman Dureti , Balis Bikila 
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Irregular menstrual cycle has negative health and psychosocial repercussions for women of reproductive age worldwide. However, there is no national data for policymakers and health planners in Ethiopia. Therefore, this review aimed to determine the overall burden of irregular menstrual cycle and predictors among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia. Methods: International databases (SCOPUS, CINAHL, CAB Abstract, EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, Google, and Google Scholar) and lists of references were employed to search literature in Ethiopia. The random-effects model was used to calculate the odds ratios of the outcome variable using STATA version 18. The heterogeneity of the studies was measured by computing I2 and p-values. In addition, sensitivity analysis and funnel plots were performed to test the stability of pooled data in the presence of outliers and publication bias. Results: The review includes 21 studies and 9109 populations. The overall burden of irregular menstrual cycles among reproductive-age women was 35% (95% CI: 30–41) with I2 = 96.96%. Sleeping for <5 h a day (AOR: 2.49; 95% CI: 1.49–3.49) and a stressful life (AOR: 3.15; 95% CI: 1.44–4.85) were predictors of irregular menstrual cycles. Conclusion: More than one in every three reproductive-age women in Ethiopia experience irregular menstrual cycles. Sleeping for <5 h a day and stress increase the likelihood of an irregular menstrual cycle, which can be modified by improving sleeping hours and decreasing stress stimulators through psychotherapy.