bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The chloroplast genome sequences of Ipomoea alba and I. obscura (Convolvulaceae): genome comparison and phylogenetic analysis
Authors: Sudmoon Runglawan , Kaewdaungdee Sanit , Ho Hao Xuan , Lee Shiou Yih , Tanee Tawatchai , Chaveerach Arunrat 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIpomoea species have diverse uses as ornamentals, food, and medicine. However, their genomic information is limited; I. alba and I. obscura were sequenced and assembled. Their chloroplast genomes were 161,353 bp and 159,691 bp, respectively. Both genomes exhibited a quadripartite structure, consisting of a pair of inverted repeat (IR) regions, which are separated by the large single-copy (LSC) and small single-copy (SSC) regions. The overall GC content was 37.5% for both genomes. A total of 104 and 93 simple sequence repeats, 50 large repeats, and 30 and 22 short tandem repeats were identified in the two chloroplast genomes, respectively. G and T were more preferred than C and A at the third base position based on the Parity Rule 2 plot analysis, and the neutrality plot revealed correlation coefficients of 0.126 and 0.105, indicating the influence of natural selection in shaping the codon usage bias in most protein-coding genes (CDS). Genome comparative analyses using 31 selected Ipomoea taxa from Thailand showed that their chloroplast genomes are rather conserved, but the presence of expansion or contraction of the IR region was identified in some of these Ipomoea taxa. A total of five highly divergent regions were identified, including the CDS genes accD, ndhA, and ndhF, as well as the intergenic spacer regions psbI-atpA and rpl32-ccsA. Phylogenetic analysis based on both the complete chloroplast genome sequence and CDS datasets of 31 Ipomoea taxa showed that I. alba is resolved as a group member for series (ser.) Quamoclit, which contains seven other taxa, including I. hederacea, I. imperati, I. indica, I. nil, I. purpurea, I. quamoclit, and I. × sloteri, while I. obscura is grouped with I. tiliifolia, both of which are under ser. Obscura, and is closely related to I. biflora of ser. Pes-tigridis. Divergence time estimation using the complete chloroplast genome sequence dataset indicated that the mean age of the divergence for Ipomoeeae, Argyreiinae, and Astripomoeinae, was approximately 29.99 Mya, 19.81 Mya, and 13.40 Mya, respectively. The node indicating the divergence of I. alba from the other members of Ipomoea was around 10.06 Mya, and the split between I. obscura and I. tiliifolia is thought to have happened around 17.13 Mya. The split between the I. obscura accessions from Thailand and Taiwan is thought to have taken place around 0.86 Mya.
Kidney volume-to-birth weight ratio as an estimate of nephron endowment in extremely low birth weight preterm infants
Authors: Villani Gabriele , Zaza Pierluigi , Lamparelli Raffaella , Maffei Gianfranco 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn humans, nephrogenesis is completed by 32–36 weeks gestation, with a highly variable total number of nephrons, ranging from 200,000 to over 2 million. Premature birth disrupts the development and maturation of the kidneys, leading to a reduction in the final number of nephrons. Due to significant genetic variability in the number of nephrons among individuals, it is crucial to identify premature infants with fewer nephrons at birth as early as possible. These infants are more susceptible to developing renal failure with advancing age compared to those with a higher nephron endowment. Bedside ultrasound, an effective and non-invasive tool, is practical for identifying newborns with a lower nephron count. However, renal volume alone cannot reliably indicate the number of nephrons due to substantial variability at birth, influenced by gestational age when nephron maturation is incomplete. This variability in kidney volumes persists as newborns grow. In this observational study we hypothesize that the relationship between renal volume and birth weight may serve as an indicator of nephron endowment in premature infants with birth weight less than 1000 g. This finding could represent the basis for defining appropriate surveillance protocols and developing targeted therapeutic approaches.
The high expression of ADRM1 in hepatocellular carcinoma is closely related to tumor immune infiltration and is regulated by miR-891a-5p
Authors: Shao Ziqi , Wang Yuan , He Yuejun , Zhang Chen , Zhao Yandong , Zhang Mimi , Li Qiang , Wang Jian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLiver cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide. Although some progress has been made in the diagnosis and treatment of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the diagnosis and treatment of HCC is still facing great challenges because of the high mortality rate and poor prognosis of HCC. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between adhesion-regulating molecule1 (ADRM1), and liver cancer, and the relationship between prognoses. ADRM1 is highly expressed in tumors and is closely associated with the prognosis of patients with liver cancer. In our previous study, we found that ADRM1 was highly expressed in HCC and was closely related to tumor immune and immune checkpoint levels in HCC. We validated the immune expression of ADRM1 in liver cancer cells using flow cytometry. In hepatocellular carcinoma tissues, miR-891a-5p regulates ADRM1. Upregulation of miR-891a-5p upregulates ADRM1, and downregulation of miR-891a-5p downregulates ADRM1. It is suggested that ADRM1 plays a key role in the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma. This study is expected to provide new ideas for the research and development of anti-HCC drugs targeting miR-891a-5p/ADRM1. However, further trials are needed to confirm these results and explore the actual results in patients with HCC.
Exploring the effects of naringin on oxidative stress-impaired osteogenic differentiation via the Wnt/β-catenin and PI3K/Akt pathways
Authors: Wang Hui , Liang Jun , Wang Yiran , Zheng Junyuan , Liu Ying , Zhao Yiyang , Ma Yixuan , Chen Pei , Yang Xufang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to explore naringin’s potential to promote the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 under oxidative stress. It delved into Nar’s connection with the Wnt/β-catenin and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Initially, 2911 OP-related genes were analyzed, revealing close ties with the PI3K/Akt and Wnt pathways alongside oxidative stress. Nar’s potential targets—ESR1, HSP90AA1, and ESR2—were identified through various databases and molecular docking studies confirmed Nar’s affinity with ESR1 and HSP90AA1. Experiments established optimal concentrations for Nar and H2O2. H2O2 at 0.3 mmol/L damaged MC3T3-E1 cells, alleviated by 0.1 µmol/L Nar. Successful establishment of oxidative stress models was confirmed by DCFH-DA probe and NO detection. Nar exhibited the ability to enhance osteogenic differentiation, counteracting oxidative damage. It notably increased osteoblast-related protein expression in MC3T3-E1 cells under oxidative stress. The study found Nar’s positive influence on GSK-3β phosphorylation, β-catenin accumulation, and pathway-related protein expression, all critical in promoting osteogenic differentiation. The research concluded that Nar effectively promotes osteogenic differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells under oxidative stress. It achieved this by activating the Wnt/β-catenin and PI3K/Akt pathways, facilitating GSK-3β phosphorylation, and enhancing β-catenin accumulation, pivotal in osteogenesis.
Head movement dynamics in dystonia: a multi-centre retrospective study using visual perceptive deep learning
Authors: Peach Robert , Friedrich Maximilian , Fronemann Lara , Muthuraman Muthuraman , Schreglmann Sebastian R. , Zeller Daniel , Schrader Christoph , Krauss Joachim K. , Schnitzler Alfons , Wittstock Matthias , Helmers Ann-Kristin , Paschen Steffen , Kühn Andrea , Skogseid Inger Marie , Eisner Wilhelm , Mueller Joerg , Matthies Cordula , Reich Martin , Volkmann Jens , Ip Chi Wang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDystonia is a neurological movement disorder characterised by abnormal involuntary movements and postures, particularly affecting the head and neck. However, current clinical assessment methods for dystonia rely on simplified rating scales which lack the ability to capture the intricate spatiotemporal features of dystonic phenomena, hindering clinical management and limiting understanding of the underlying neurobiology. To address this, we developed a visual perceptive deep learning framework that utilizes standard clinical videos to comprehensively evaluate and quantify disease states and the impact of therapeutic interventions, specifically deep brain stimulation. This framework overcomes the limitations of traditional rating scales and offers an efficient and accurate method that is rater-independent for evaluating and monitoring dystonia patients. To evaluate the framework, we leveraged semi-standardized clinical video data collected in three retrospective, longitudinal cohort studies across seven academic centres. We extracted static head angle excursions for clinical validation and derived kinematic variables reflecting naturalistic head dynamics to predict dystonia severity, subtype, and neuromodulation effects. The framework was also applied to a fully independent cohort of generalised dystonia patients for comparison between dystonia sub-types. Computer vision-derived measurements of head angle excursions showed a strong correlation with clinically assigned scores. Across comparisons, we identified consistent kinematic features from full video assessments encoding information critical to disease severity, subtype, and effects of neural circuit interventions, independent of static head angle deviations used in scoring. Our visual perceptive machine learning framework reveals kinematic pathosignatures of dystonia, potentially augmenting clinical management, facilitating scientific translation, and informing personalized precision neurology approaches.
From wearable sensor data to digital biomarker development: ten lessons learned and a framework proposal
Authors: Daniore Paola , Nittas Vasileios , Haag Christina , Bernard Jürgen , Gonzenbach Roman , von Wyl Viktor 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWearable sensor technologies are becoming increasingly relevant in health research, particularly in the context of chronic disease management. They generate real-time health data that can be translated into digital biomarkers, which can provide insights into our health and well-being. Scientific methods to collect, interpret, analyze, and translate health data from wearables to digital biomarkers vary, and systematic approaches to guide these processes are currently lacking. This paper is based on an observational, longitudinal cohort study, BarKA-MS, which collected wearable sensor data on the physical rehabilitation of people living with multiple sclerosis (MS). Based on our experience with BarKA-MS, we provide and discuss ten lessons we learned in relation to digital biomarker development across key study phases. We then summarize these lessons into a guiding framework (DACIA) that aims to informs the use of wearable sensor data for digital biomarker development and chronic disease management for future research and teaching.
Androgen-responsive FOXP4 is a target for endometrial carcinoma
Authors: Kayahashi Kayo , Hasan Mahadi , Khatun Anowara , Kohno Susumu , Terakawa Jumpei , Horike Shin-ichi , Toyoda Natsumi , Matsuoka Ayumi , Iizuka Takashi , Obata Takeshi , Ono Masanori , Mizumoto Yasunari , Takahashi Chiaki , Fujiwara Hiroshi , Daikoku Takiko 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAlthough low estrogen is considered to suppress uterine endometrial carcinoma, the most cases occur in the postmenopausal stage. After menopause, the production of androgen level also declines. Therefore, to resolve the above enigma, we hypothesize that the postmenopausal decline of androgen is a trigger of its progression. In the present study, to validate this hypothesis, we examine the pathological roles of androgen/AR by analyzing clinical data, culturing endometrioid cancer cell lines, and using murine models. Clinical data show that androgen receptor (AR) expression and serum dihydrotestosterone (DHT) are associated with lower disease-free survival (DFS). DHT suppresses malignant behaviors in AR-transfected human endometrial cancer cells (ECC). In ovariectomized Ptenff/PRcre/+ mice, DHT decreases the proliferation of spontaneously developed murine ECC. In AR-transfected human ECC and Ptenff/PRcre/+ mice, DHT suppresses FOXP4 expression. FOXP4-overexpressed human ECC increases, while FOXP4-knocked-down ECC shows decreased malignant behaviors. DHT/AR-mediated ECC suppression is restored by FOXP4 overexpression. The high FOXP4 expression is significantly correlated with low postoperative DFS. These findings indicate that the androgen/AR system suppresses the malignant activity of endometrial carcinoma and that downstream FOXP4 is another target molecule. These findings will also impact developments in clinical approaches to elderly health.
Structure-guided conversion from an anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitor into Plasmodium lysyl-tRNA synthetase selective inhibitors
Authors: Zhou Jintong , Xia Mingyu , Huang Zhenghui , Qiao Hang , Yang Guang , Qian Yunan , Li Peifeng , Zhang Zhaolun , Gao Xinai , Jiang Lubin , Wang Jing , Li Wei , Fang Pengfei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) play a central role in the translation of genetic code, serving as attractive drug targets. Within this family, the lysyl-tRNA synthetase (LysRS) constitutes a promising antimalarial target. ASP3026, an anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitor was recently identified as a novel Plasmodium falciparum LysRS (PfLysRS) inhibitor. Here, based on cocrystal structures and biochemical experiments, we developed a series of ASP3026 analogues to improve the selectivity and potency of LysRS inhibition. The leading compound 36 showed a dissociation constant of 15.9 nM with PfLysRS. The inhibitory efficacy on PfLysRS and parasites has been enhanced. Covalent attachment of l-lysine to compound 36 resulted in compound 36K3, which exhibited further increased inhibitory activity against PfLysRS but significantly decreased activity against ALK. However, its inhibitory activity against parasites did not improve, suggesting potential future optimization directions. This study presents a new example of derivatization of kinase inhibitors repurposed to inhibit aaRS.
Implementation of binarized neural networks immune to device variation and voltage drop employing resistive random access memory bridges and capacitive neurons
Authors: Ezzadeen Mona , Majumdar Atreya , Valorge Olivier , Castellani Niccolo , Gherman Valentin , Regis Guillaume , Giraud Bastien , Noel Jean-Philippe , Meli Valentina , Bocquet Marc , Andrieu Francois , Querlioz Damien , Portal Jean-Michel 
Published: June 2024

AbstractResistive Random Access Memories (ReRAM) arrays provides a promising basement to deploy neural network accelerators based on near or in memory computing. However most popular accelerators rely on Ohm’s and Kirchhoff’s laws to achieve multiply and accumulate, and thus are prone to ReRAM variability and voltage drop in the memory array, and thus need sophisticated readout circuits. Here we propose a robust binary neural network, based on fully differential capacitive neurons and ReRAM synapses, used in a resistive bridge fashion. We fabricated a network layer with up to 23 inputs that we extrapolated to large numbers of inputs through simulation. Defining proper programming and reading conditions, we demonstrate the high resilience of this solution with a minimal accuracy drop, compared to a software baseline, on image classification tasks. Moreover, our solution can achieve a peak energy efficiency, comparable with the state of the art, when projected to a 22 nanometer technology.
A novel approach to anxiety level prediction using small sets of judgment and survey variables
Authors: Bari Sumra , Kim Byoung-Woo , Vike Nicole L. , Lalvani Shamal , Stefanopoulos Leandros , Maglaveras Nicos , Block Martin , Strawn Jeffrey , Katsaggelos Aggelos K. , Breiter Hans C. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAnxiety, a condition characterized by intense fear and persistent worry, affects millions each year and, when severe, is distressing and functionally impairing. Numerous machine learning frameworks have been developed and tested to predict features of anxiety and anxiety traits. This study extended these approaches by using a small set of interpretable judgment variables (n = 15) and contextual variables (demographics, perceived loneliness, COVID-19 history) to (1) understand the relationships between these variables and (2) develop a framework to predict anxiety levels [derived from the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)]. This set of 15 judgment variables, including loss aversion and risk aversion, models biases in reward/aversion judgments extracted from an unsupervised, short (2–3 min) picture rating task (using the International Affective Picture System) that can be completed on a smartphone. The study cohort consisted of 3476 de-identified adult participants from across the United States who were recruited using an email survey database. Using a balanced Random Forest approach with these judgment and contextual variables, STAI-derived anxiety levels were predicted with up to 81% accuracy and 0.71 AUC ROC. Normalized Gini scores showed that the most important predictors (age, loneliness, household income, employment status) contributed a total of 29–31% of the cumulative relative importance and up to 61% was contributed by judgment variables. Mediation/moderation statistics revealed that the interactions between judgment and contextual variables appears to be important for accurately predicting anxiety levels. Median shifts in judgment variables described a behavioral profile for individuals with higher anxiety levels that was characterized by less resilience, more avoidance, and more indifference behavior. This study supports the hypothesis that distinct constellations of 15 interpretable judgment variables, along with contextual variables, could yield an efficient and highly scalable system for mental health assessment. These results contribute to our understanding of underlying psychological processes that are necessary to characterize what causes variance in anxiety conditions and its behaviors, which can impact treatment development and efficacy.
“Speech Is Golden”: The Importance of Colloquial Arabic for Reading Standard Arabic for Beginning Readers
Authors: Rakhlin Natalia V. , Li Nan , Aljughaiman Abdullah , Grigorenko Elena L. 
Published: June 2024

Purpose:
We investigated the role of spoken language in the acquisition of literacy in the context of Arabic diglossia, where the written language, Standard Arabic, deviates substantially from the spoken language, Colloquial Arabic, children acquire naturally from birth.

Method:

The participants (
N
= 110; 40 girls) were Saudi Arabic–speaking children in Grades 2–4. Children completed assessments of oral paragraph reading and word decoding using a vowelized script. They also completed three spoken assessments of Colloquial Arabic, which include sentence comprehension, sentence completion, and pragmatic knowledge, as well as a test of phonological awareness. We used path analysis to investigate the contributions of each of the spoken language indicators, decoding, and phonological awareness to reading comprehension (RC) in single and multiple serial mediator models.

Results:
We found that spoken language (i.e., sentence comprehension, sentence completion, and pragmatic knowledge) and word decoding uniquely contributed to RC. Moreover, word decoding mediated the association between spoken language and RC. The path from spoken language to phonological awareness, then to word decoding, and finally to RC was inconclusive.

Conclusions:
While most studies on literacy acquisition in the context of Arabic diglossia focus on the linguistic distance between the colloquial (spoken) and the standard (written) language varieties, our results highlight the important contribution of spoken language skills to reading skills in Arabic despite this linguistic gap. The important implication of these findings is that spoken language interventions aimed at boosting children's narrative language skills in their home language (Colloquial Arabic) are an important tool for building a foundation for literacy in diglossia contexts.
Abrechnung unterdosierter Arzneimittel
Authors: Napp-Saarbourg Prisca 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag befasst sich mit der Zulässigkeit der Abrechnung unterdosierter Arzneimittel durch einen Vertragsarzt gegenüber der für den Arzt jeweils zuständigen Kassenärztlichen Vereinigung auf Grundlage des EBM-Ä sowie durch einen privat liquidierenden Arzt nach der GOÄ. Konkret wird untersucht, ob der Arzt nach Durchführung der Radiosynoviorthese für das hierbei unmittelbar dem Patienten verabreichte Radionuklid stets die gleiche Pauschale abrechnen kann, auch wenn er bei dem Patienten eine Dosierung zum Einsatz gebracht hat, welche unterhalb der zugelassenen Dosierungsspanne liegt. Im Schwerpunkt geht es um eine mögliche Betrugsstrafbarkeit nach § 263 StGB. Weitere Risiken berufs- und disziplinarrechtlicher Verfahren werden aufgezeigt.
Von der Assistentin zur Technologin – Delegation von Leistungen unter Berücksichtigung des MT-Berufe-Gesetzes
Authors: Schüttler Christian 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Delegation ärztlicher Leistungen an nichtärztliches Personal ist mit einigen Fallstricken verbunden, die sich aber letztlich als beherrschbar erweisen. Entscheidend ist, dass Ärzte ihre Auswahl-, Anleitungs- und Überwachungspflichten erfüllen und prüfen, welche Tätigkeiten überhaupt – und wenn ja, in welchem Ausmaß – delegiert werden können. Erfreulich ist, dass der Gesetzgeber durch das MTBG die Mitwirkung an Vorbehaltstätigkeiten des § 5 MTBG nicht eingeschränkt hat. Das eigentliche Problem des Mangels an Fachkräften wird gleichwohl durch gesetzgeberische Aktivitäten allein nicht gelöst werden können.
Influences of a Remote Monitoring Program of Home Nasogastric Tube Feeds on Transition from NICU to Home
Authors: Quinn Megan , Banta-Wright Sandra , Warren Jamie B. 
Published: June 2024

Objective The transition from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) to the home is complex and multifaceted for families and infants, particularly those with ongoing medical needs. Our hospital utilizes a remote monitoring program called Growing @ Home (G@H) to support discharge from the NICU with continued nasogastric tube (NGT) feeds. We aim to describe the experience of the transition from NICU to home for families enrolled in G@H.
Study Design Using a semistructured interviewing technique, parents of infants discharged on G@H were interviewed at NICU discharge, at 1 month, and at 6 months after NICU discharge. Interviews were recorded and transcribed into data analysis software. Conventional content analysis was used to analyze qualitative data. Codes were assigned to describe key elements of the interviews and used to identify major themes.
Results Parents (n = 17) identified three major themes when discussing the effect of G@H on the transition to home. The program provided a means of escape from the NICU, allowing families to stop living split lives between their homes and the NICU. It acted as a middle ground between the restrictive yet supportive NICU environment, and the normal yet isolated home environment. G@H served as a safety net for families, providing a continued connection to the NICU for their still-fragile infants.
Conclusion G@H utilizes telehealth to positively support the complex transition from NICU to home for families and infants discharged with NGT feeds.
Key Points