bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Concentration‐QTc and cardiac safety analysis of single and multiple zavegepant nasal spray doses in healthy participants to support approval
Authors: Hughes Jim H. , Bertz Richard , Bhardwaj Rajinder , Donohue Mary K. , Madonia Jennifer , Anderson Matt S. , Morris Beth A. , Croop Robert S. , Liu Jing 
Published: May 2024

AbstractZavegepant is a novel gepant administered as a nasal spray approved in the United States at a 10 mg dose for the acute treatment of migraine with or without aura in adults. The cardiovascular safety of zavegepant nasal spray was assessed in both single‐ascending dose (SAD) and multiple‐ascending dose (MAD) studies in healthy participants. The SAD study included 72 participants (54 active/18 placebo) who received 0.1–40 mg zavegepant or placebo. The MAD study included 72 participants (56 active/16 placebo) who received 5–40 mg zavegepant or placebo for 1–14 days. Plasma zavegepant pharmacokinetics and electrocardiographic (ECG) parameters (Fridericia‐corrected QT interval [QTcF], heart rate, PR interval, ventricular depolarization [QRS], T‐wave morphology, and U‐wave presence) were analyzed pre‐ and post‐zavegepant administration. Using pooled data from the SAD and MAD studies, the relationship between time‐matched plasma zavegepant concentrations and QTc interval was assessed using a linear mixed‐effects model to evaluate the potential for QTc interval prolongation. Results showed that single and multiple doses of zavegepant had no significant impact on ECG parameters versus placebo, and there was no concentration‐dependent effect on QTcF interval. The estimated slope of the plasma zavegepant concentration‐QTcF model was −0.053 ms per ng/mL with a 90% confidence interval of −0.0955 to −0.0110 (p = 0.0415), which is not considered clinically meaningful. At doses up to four times the recommended daily dose, zavegepant does not prolong the QT interval to any clinically relevant extent.
Population pharmacokinetic modeling of sotatercept in healthy participants and patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Ait‐Oudhia Sihem , Jaworowicz David , Hu Ziheng , Bihorel Sébastien , Hu Shuai , Balasubrahmanyam Budda , Mistry Bipin , de Oliveira Pena Janethe , Wenning Larissa , Gheyas Ferdous 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSotatercept is a breakthrough, first‐in‐class biologic, that is FDA‐approved for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). A population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) model was developed using data from two phase 1 studies in healthy participants, and two phase 2 studies and one phase 3 study in participants with PAH. The pooled sotatercept PK data encompassed single intravenous (IV) or subcutaneous (SC) doses ranging from 0.01 to 3.0 mg/kg, as well as multiple SC doses ranging from 0.03 to 1.0 mg/kg, with PK samples collected up to a maximum of ~150 weeks following Q3W and Q4W dosing regimens. The final PopPK analysis included 350 participants, with 30 and 320 participants receiving sotatercept IV and SC, respectively. A two‐compartment model with a first‐order absorption rate constant and a linear disposition from central compartment well‐described sotatercept PK. The estimated bioavailability is ~66%; bioavailability, clearance (CL), and central volume (VC) have low to moderate inter‐individual variability. Time‐varying body weight and baseline albumin concentration were statistically significant predictors of PK; CL and VC were predicted to increase with increasing body weight, while CL was predicted to decrease with increasing baseline albumin concentration. However, the magnitude of covariate effects is not predicted to meaningfully alter the disposition of sotatercept. Altogether, the PopPK modeling results demonstrate favorable PK characteristics (low to moderate variability and typical bioavailability), supporting sotatercept as a SC biological agent for the treatment of patients with PAH.
A pharmacokinetic framework describing antibiotic adsorption to cardiopulmonary bypass devices
Authors: O'Hanlon Conor J. , Holford Nick , Anderson Brian J. , Greaves Mark , Blackburn Lee , Tingle Malcolm D. , Hannam Jacqueline A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) can alter pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters and the drug may adsorb to the CPB device, altering exposure. Cefazolin is a beta‐lactam antibiotic used for antimicrobial prophylaxis during cardiac surgery supported by CPB. Adsorption of cefazolin could result in therapeutic failure. An ex vivo study was undertaken using CPB devices primed and then dosed with cefazolin and samples were obtained over 1 hour of recirculation. Twelve experimental runs were conducted using different CPB device sizes (neonate, infant, child, and adult), device coatings (Xcoating™, Rheoparin®, PH.I.S.I.O), and priming solutions. The time course of saturable binding, using Bmax (binding capacity), Kd (dissociation constant), and T2off (half‐time of dissociation), described cefazolin adsorption. Bmax estimates for the device sizes were neonate 40.0 mg (95% CI 24.3, 67.4), infant 48.6 mg (95% CI 5.97, 80.2), child 77.8 mg (95% CI 54.9, 103), and adult 196 mg (95% CI 191, 199). The Xcoating™ Kd estimate was 139 mg/L (95% CI 27.0, 283) and the T2off estimate was 98.4 min (95% CI 66.8, 129). The Rheoparin® and PH.I.S.I.O coatings had similar binding parameters with Kd and T2off estimates of 0.169 mg/L (95% CI 0.01, 1.99) and 4.94 min (95% CI 0.17, 59.4). The Bmax was small (< 10%) relative to a typical total patient dose during cardiac surgery supported by CPB. A dose adjustment for cefazolin based solely on drug adsorption is not required. This framework could be extended to other PK studies involving CPB.
Thermal Tests of Type B Radioactive Transport Package: Experimental Description and Heat Flux Analysis
Authors: Lian Yiren , Wang Ning , Wang Changwu , Yan Jin , Chen Lei , Zhu Yeming , Sun Shutang , Sun Hongchao , Li Guoqiang 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTThe design of Type B radioactive transport package should be able to withstand the fire accident scenario in transportation accident conditions. For the simulation of the fire scenario, there are mainly three methods: pool fire test, furnace test and thermal radiation test. This paper tried to carry out the fire test with the furnace method that the conditions in the furnace can be more carefully controlled. The paper described the requirements of fire test, test conditions and measurement test methods and analysed the temperature change of fire site and the heat flux data of the surface of the package during the fire test. The test results seemed that the fire test method could provide satisfactory thermal environment for fire test of Type B radioactive transport package.
Integrating fuzzy logic and multi‐criteria decision‐making in a hybrid FMECA for robust risk prioritization
Authors: Chakhrit Ammar , Djelamda Imene , Bougofa Mohammed , Guetarni Islam H. M. , Bouafia Abderraouf , Chennoufi Mohammed 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFailure mode effects and criticality analysis (FMECA) is widely employed across industries to recognize and reduce possible failures. Despite its extensive usage, FMECA encounters challenges in decision‐making. In this paper, a new fuzzy resilience‐based RPN model is created to develop the FMECA method. The fuzzy model transcends the limitations associated with traditional risk priority number calculations by incorporating factors beyond frequency, severity, and detection. This extension includes considerations impacting system cost, sustainability, and safety, providing a more comprehensive risk assessment. In addition, to create trust in decision‐makers, a robust assessment approach is suggested, integrating three methodologies. In the initial phase, the fuzzy analytical hierarchy process and the grey relation analysis method are used to determine the subjective weights of different risk factors and resolve the flaws associated with the deficiency of constructed fuzzy inference rules. In the second phase, an entropy method is applied to handle the uncertainty of individual weightage calculated and capture different conflicting experts' views. The suggested approach is validated through a case study involving a gas turbine. The results demonstrate significant differences in failure mode prioritization between different approaches. The introduction of MTTR addresses critical shortcomings in traditional FMECA, enhancing predictive capabilities. Furthermore, the hybrid approach improved criticality assessment and failure mode ranking, classifying failure modes into fifteen categories, aiding decision‐making, and applying appropriate risk mitigation measures. Overall, the findings validate the efficacy of the proposed approach in addressing uncertainties and divergent expert judgments for risk assessment in complex systems.
Synergistic modulation of SLME and thermal transport toward promising p‐type lead‐free halide semiconductors In2TiX6 (X = Br, I) via first principles analysis
Authors: Kumbhakar Jaidev , Abraham Jisha Annie , Srivastava Anshuman , Meena K. L. , Manzoor Mumtaz , Ghfar Ayman A. , Sharma Ramesh 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLead halide perovskites have been replaced by the environmentally acceptable and effective lead‐free double perovskite material. Double perovskites are innovative compounds for sustainable energy and budding substitutes to organic as well as lead‐based solar cells. In the current study, it has been expounded on the structural, electronic, thermoelectric, as well as thermodynamic characteristics of newly designed double perovskites In2TiX6 (X = Br, I) by means of ab‐initio computations relied on the FP‐LAPW tactics and semi‐classical Boltzmann transport theory with PBE‐GGA as exchange correlation potential. To obtain accurate value of band gaps (1.294 eV and 1.025 eV), TB‐mBJ approximation has been used along with PBE‐GGA. The best combinations of both compounds have spectroscopic limited maximum efficiency (SLME) values 33.96% and 31.63%, that are appropriate for solar cell absorbers, at 300 K, respectively. We have also computed Debye temperature and Grüneisen parameter to find the lattice thermal conductivity for both the investigated alloys. Thermoelectric properties have been labeled by Seebeck coefficient, electrical as well as thermal conductivities, and figure of merit. The peak values of Seebeck coefficient of 248 μV/K and 202 μV/K are observed for In2TiBr6 and In2TiI6 respectively in the p‐type regions. Attained results illustrates that the investigated In2TiX6 may be contender in thermoelectric due to their high figure of merit in low as moderate temperatures. Our results suggest that these materials are viable for use in thermoelectric devices.
Effect of soil pH and mineralogy on the sorption and desorption of phosphite and phosphate in Ultisols of the Southeastern Coastal Plain
Authors: Szogi Ariel A. , Padilla Joshua T. , Shumaker Paul D. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe development of transgenic crop varieties capable of utilizing phosphite (Phi) as a phosphorus (P) source is a promising strategy to increase P use efficiency while decreasing reliance on phosphate (Pi)‐based fertilizers. However, little information is available on Phi sorption and desorption in soils. We conducted batch experiments to investigate the sorption of Phi and Pi by three Ultisols from the Coastal Plain of the southeastern United States. At the soils' acidic field pH (pH 4.7–6.2), Pi had a higher affinity than Phi for soil solids, where maximum sorbed concentrations of Pi were an average of 44% greater than those of Phi. The sorption of both P species decreased when experiments were repeated adjusting soil pH to 6.5. More Phi than Pi was recovered during desorption experiments, indicating that Phi was more reversibly sorbed and, therefore, may be more plant‐available than Pi. Multiple linear regression between calculated linear distribution coefficients (KD; 10 mg P L−1 input solutions) and soil properties suggested that amorphous Al‐ and Fe‐oxides controlled Pi sorption. Alternatively, amorphous Al‐oxides and gibbsite controlled Phi sorption. Our results show that a lower affinity of Phi than Pi in Ultisols could improve P availability for plant uptake of Phi‐based fertilizers but may increase the risk of soil P buildup over time.
Tuning the D‐Band Center of Bi2S3─MoS2 Heterostructure Towards Superior Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Li Yanan , Li Tengyu , Deng Yirui , Tang Wenhao , Wu Hao , Feng Ming , Yan Peng , Liu Ruiping 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLithium‐sulfur (Li–S) batteries are one of the most promising energy storage devices due to their environmental friendliness, low cost, and high specific capacity. However, the slow electrochemical kinetics and the “shuttle effect” have seriously hindered their commercialization. Herein, the nanoflower Bi2S3─MoS2 (BMS) heterostructure is synthesized by a two‐step hydrothermal method, and then the Bi2S3─MoS2‐Polypropylene (BMS‐PP) interlayer is constructed. The heterostructure is rich in active sites, in which BMS has strong adsorption to lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and can effectively anchor LiPSs while catalyzing LiPSs and promote the redox of Li2S at the same time, which can improve the utilization of active substances. More importantly, the d‐band center can be tuned by the formation of Bi2S3─MoS2 heterostructure. Thus, Li–S batteries containing the BMS‐PP interlayer show excellent rate performance (841.6 mAh g−1 at 5 C) and cycling performance (70.3% capacity retention after 500 cycles at 3 C). This work provides a new route for high‐performance lithium–sulfur batteries.
The global prevalence and associated risk factors of Eimeria infection in domestic chickens: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Badri Milad , Olfatifar Meysam , Hayati Alireza , Bijani Behzad , Samimi Rasoul , Abdoli Amir , Nowak Oskar , Diaz Daniel , Eslahi Aida Vafae 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundEimeria is a protozoan parasite that affects poultry, particularly chickens, causing a disease known as coccidiosis. This disease imposes substantial significant economic challenges to the poultry sector.ObjectivesThe current study aimed to estimate the global prevalence and associated risk factors of Eimeria in domestic chickens.MethodsMultiple databases (Scopus, PubMed, ProQuest, Web of Science and Google Scholar) were searched for articles published until June 2023. The pooled prevalence was estimated using a random‐effects model with a 95% confidence interval. The statistical analysis was conducted using meta packages in R version (3.6.1).ResultsIn total, 41 articles fulfilled the eligibility criteria. The global pooled prevalence was 44.3% (36.9%–51.8%) with Eimeria tenella (38.7%, 30.1%–47.7%) as the most prevalent species. The highest pooled prevalence was related to the Western Pacific Region (80.5%, 72.6%–87.3%) and urban areas (44.4%, 36.5%–52.6%). Moreover, areas with humid subtropical climates represent the highest overall prevalence (75.8%, 46.6%–95.9%).ConclusionThe necessity for robust and innovative strategies for preventing and managing this disease cannot be overstated. Addressing Eimeria impact is crucial not only for safeguarding poultry health but also for sustaining the economic viability of the poultry industry.
A self‐assembled tannic acid‐modified Zn‐Al LDH supported Mg(OH)2 nanofiller for the preparation of bisphenol A based poly(amide‐imide) nanocomposites
Authors: Hajibeygi Mohsen , Moradi Hesam 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA multifunctional organic‐inorganic nanofiller as a reinforcement of bisphenol A based poly(amide‐imide) (BPAI) was assembled through the formation of electrostatic forces between tannic acid (TA)‐modified Zn‐Al LDH and Mg(OH)2 nanoparticles (MDH). TA‐modified MDH@Zn‐Al LDH (TML) was fabricated using an in‐situ, one‐step co‐precipitation method. This involved the growth of LDH layers in the TA/MDH suspension. The manner of surface modification and the placement of MDH along with LDH in the TML structure were confirmed using FTIR, XRD, FE‐SEM, and TGA. The results exhibited that the modification has resulted in an intercalated structure with increased interlayer spacing of LDH. The Poly(amide‐imide) nanocomposites were prepared by reinforcing BPAI with TML using the solution casting method. The best thermal stability of the nanocomposites, in both air and N2 atmospheres, appeared in the sample with 2 wt% TML content. The T10 and Tmax values of this sample in the air atmosphere were found to be 45 and 37°C higher, respectively, than those of BPAI. Comparative to neat BPAI, the THR and HRC values of the mentioned sample were reduced by 43.6% and 45.7%, respectively. These results demonstrated the significant synergistic effect of the TML structure in enhancing the thermal and combustion resistance of BPAI.Highlights
Preparation of LDH on a Mg(OH)2/tannic acid as multifunctional nanofiller.
Self‐assembling nanofiller including tannic acid‐modified LDH‐supported MDH.
A synthesized bisphenol A based poly(amide‐imide) (BPAI).
Effect of the nanofiller on the thermal and combustion resistance of BPAI.
Patterns of Sexual Risk Behaviors and Sexuality-Related Risk Factors among Young Adults in Germany: Implications for Prevention and Therapy
Authors: Jepsen Dennis , Healy Karl Vince , Bernard Marie , Markert Jenny , Brzank Petra J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSexual risk behavior (SRB) includes behavioral (sex without contraception, sexualized substance use, sex work, sexual partner violence, other sexual activities that harm oneself or others) and affective subtypes (sexuality-related feelings of shame/guilt, relationship impairments) and leads to psychosocial and health-related consequences. Young adults comprise a vulnerable group regarding the development of SRB. The study aimed to identify SRB patterns among young adults and their relation to sexuality-related risk factors. A cross-sectional online survey measured behavioral and affective aspects of SRB with nine items. Latent class analysis was conducted to identify patterns of SRB. Gender, sexual orientation, age of first intercourse, number of sexual partners, hypersexuality, and sexual dysfunction were captured as risk factors via multinomial logistic regression. Within this convenience sample (n = 609; nfemale = 365; nmale = 245; Mage = 23.1 years), the SRB patterns unremarkable (67%; low values in all SRB subtypes), shame-ridden (17%; high values in sexual feelings of shame/guilt) and risky sexual behavior (16%; high values in all subtypes of SRB, especially sexualized drug use) were identified. The shame-ridden and risky patterns were strongly associated with higher hypersexuality values, the risky pattern moreover with being non-heterosexual, of younger age at first sexual experience, and a higher number of sexual partners. Male and sexual minority participants demonstrated SRB more often than females and heterosexuals. Within prevention and treatment of SRB, it seems beneficial to address sexuality-related feelings of shame/guilt and addictive patterns (concerning sexual behaviors/substances) via gender- and diversity-sensitive measurements.
Attachment and Political Personality are Heritable and Distinct Systems, and Both Share Genetics with Interpersonal Trust and Altruism
Authors: Kleppesto Thomas Haarklau , Czajkowski Nikolai Olavi , Vassend Olav , Roysamb Espen , Eftedal Nikolai Haahjem , Sheehy-Skeffington Jennifer , Ystrom Eivind , Kunst Jonas R. , Gjerde Line C. , Thomsen Lotte 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe attachment and caregiving domains maintain proximity and care-giving behavior between parents and offspring, in a way that has been argued to shape people’s mental models of how relationships work, resulting in secure, anxious or avoidant interpersonal styles in adulthood. Several theorists have suggested that the attachment system is closely connected to orientations and behaviors in social and political domains, which should be grounded in the same set of familial experiences as are the different attachment styles. We use a sample of Norwegian twins (N = 1987) to assess the genetic and environmental relationship between attachment, trust, altruism, right-wing authoritarianism (RWA), and social dominance orientation (SDO). Results indicate no shared environmental overlap between attachment and ideology, nor even between the attachment styles or between the ideological traits, challenging conventional wisdom in developmental, social, and political psychology. Rather, evidence supports two functionally distinct systems, one for navigating intimate relationships (attachment) and one for navigating social hierarchies (RWA/SDO), with genetic overlap between traits within each system, and two distinct genetic linkages to trust and altruism. This is counter-posed to theoretical perspectives that link attachment, ideology, and interpersonal orientations through early relational experiences.
The Prevalence, Predictors, and Health Consequences of Disagreement in Reports of Child Maltreatment Exposure
Authors: Dunn Erin C. , Ernst Samantha C. , Nishimi Kristen , Choi Kristen R. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence, predictors, and consequences of disagreement between prospective caregiver and retrospective child reports of childhood physical and emotional maltreatment. The design was a secondary analysis of data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, a three-decade long UK-based birth cohort. Prospective caregiver reports were in poor to fair agreement with retrospective child reports for physical and emotional maltreatment exposure, with caregivers tending to underreport exposure. Disagreement between reporters was associated with increased risk of depressive symptoms and substance use severity, but decreased risk for mental health diagnoses. Screening measures of childhood maltreatment exposure should take caution against using measures from different reporters interchangeably (i.e., from mother versus child). Disagreement in reports may indicate unmet need for mental health evaluation.
Exploring the impact of entrepreneurial indicators on CO2 emissions within the environmental Kuznets curve framework: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Khezri Mohsen , Karimi Mohammad Sharif , Naysary Babak 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMany countries emphasize entrepreneurship promotion as a policy focus. However, empirical research has often neglected the complex environmental consequences associated with such initiatives. In this study, we analyzed data using a panel model from 14 countries, covering the years 2002 to 2018. Our goal was to thoroughly assess the impact of eleven distinct entrepreneurship indicators on CO2 emissions. Our findings indicate that some control variables, like trade liberalization, are fundamental in reducing emissions. This contrasts with traditional views, which typically revolve around a consistent Kuznets curve that depicts the environmental effects of economic growth. Instead, our research uncovers a dynamic pattern transitioning from a concave upward trajectory to an inverted U-shaped curve, primarily due to increased levels of entrepreneurship. Remarkably, various entrepreneurial indicators, such as government support and policies, taxes and bureaucracy, governmental programs, and cultural and social norms, demonstrate direct positive impacts on CO2 emissions. Conversely, other indicators show a mix of positive and negative effects. Furthermore, examining the spill-over effects of entrepreneurship indicators, particularly in their role in energy use intensity and GDP per capita, reveals significant implications for improving energy consumption efficiency. However, it is important to acknowledge that despite the potential for enhanced efficiency, the negative effects resulting from an increased scale of output may not be completely counteracted.