bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Better Beginnings, Better Futures Project: Long‐term Parent, Family, and Community Outcomes of a Universal, Comprehensive, Community‐Based Prevention Approach for Primary School Children and their Families
Authors: Pancer S. Mark , Nelson Geoffrey , Hasford Julian , Loomis Colleen 
Published: March 2012

ABSTRACTBetter Beginnings, Better Futures is a large‐scale, multi‐year, longitudinal research‐demonstration project designed to reduce children's problems, promote healthy child development, and enhance family and community environments in three economically disadvantaged communities in the province of Ontario, Canada. The initial intervention was implemented from 1993 to 1997 and focused on families with children from 4 to 8 years of age in their first 4 years of schooling (from Junior Kindergarten to Grade 2). This study examined the long‐term parent, family and community programme outcomes, 15 years after the start of the intervention, when the young people who had participated in the intervention as young children were 18 to 19 years of age. Comparison of intervention communities with matched non‐intervention communities showed a mix of outcomes. Although few significant differences between intervention and comparison communities were found with regard to parents' health and family outcomes, there was evidence that parents in the intervention communities were engaging in fewer risk behaviours, had lower levels of depression and had more community involvement than parents in the comparison communities. These results suggest that the intervention did have some positive long‐term effects on youths' parents and on their community environments. Results are discussed with respect to the importance of considering family and neighbourhood contexts in the development and evaluation of prevention programmes. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reanimating the vital center: Challenges and opportunities in the regional talent development pipeline
Authors: Austin John 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe Midwest led the creation of the modern community college and public university, designed to support the advance of the industrial economy that grew to be centered in the region. In today's knowledge‐driven economy the role of learning and research institutions has changed dramatically. Looking forward, these institutions must change and contribute in new ways to the region's economic prosperity.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structures and Magnetic Properties of R2PbSi2S8 (R: Y, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho), R2PbSi2Se8 (R: La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd) and R2PbGe2S8 (R: Ce, Pr) Compounds.
Authors: Daszkiewicz M. , Marchuk O. V. , Gulay L. D. , Kaczorowski D. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe title compounds are prepared from the elements (1150 °C for 3 h followed by annealing at 500 °C for 720 h) and their crystal structure is determined by powder and single crystal XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: Polyhedral Magnetite Nanocrystals with Multiple Facets: Facile Synthesis, Structural Modelling, Magnetic Properties and Application for High Capacity Lithium Storage.
Authors: Su Dawei , Horvat Josip , Munroe Paul , Ahn Hyojun , Ranjbartoreh Ali R. , Wang Guoxiu 
Published: March 2012

AbstractPolyhedral Fe3O4 nanocrystals with multiple facets are hydrothermally synthesized from an aqueous solution of FeSO4, Fe(NO3)3, and LiOH (autoclave, 180 °C, 2 h).
ChemInform Abstract: A Wheel‐Shaped Indium—Telluride Nanocluster [In18Te30(dach)6]6‐: Its Formation and Structure.
Authors: Wang Yu‐Hong , Luo Wen , Jiang Jian‐Bing , Bian Guo‐Qing , Zhu Qin‐Yu , Dai Jie 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe new compound [Mn(dach)3]2 [In18Te30(dach)6] ·2Hdach·H2O (I) (dach: 1,2‐diaminocyclohexane) is solvothermally synthesized from a mixture of InCl3, Mn, and Te in a 7:3 mixture of dach and H2O (pyrex tube, 140 °C, 4 d, 40% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Ytterbium(III) Triflate: An Efficient and Simple Catalyst for Isomerization of 2′‐Hydroxychalcone and 2′‐Aminochalcones in Ionic Liquid.
Authors: Rao V. Kameswara , Rao M. Sudershan , Kumar Anil 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe catalytic system can be recycled and reused.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct N‐ and C‐Vinylation with Trimethoxyvinylsilane.
Authors: Arsenyan Pavel , Petrenko Alla , Paegle Edgars , Belyakov Sergey 
Published: March 2012

AbstractIf a solvent other than dioxane is used for the conversion of (IX) to (X), the respective dialkyne homo coupling product is formed as well besides the desired product (X).
ChemInform Abstract: Suzuki—Miyaura Coupling of Heteroaryl Boronic Acids and Vinyl Chlorides.
Authors: Thakur Ashish , Zhang Kainan , Louie Janis 
Published: March 2012

AbstractAn efficient protocol for minimizing protodeboronation in the title reaction using a catalyst combination of Pd(O‐Ac)2 and SPhos in conjuction with CsF in iPrOH is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Carbonylative Coupling of Benzyl Chlorides with Terminal Alkynes to Give 1,4‐Diaryl‐3‐butyn‐2‐ones and Related Furanones.
Authors: Wu Xiao‐Feng , Neumann Helfried , Beller Matthias 
Published: March 2012

AbstractPalladium‐catalyzed carbonylative coupling of benzyl chlorides (I) with benzylethyne (II) provides access towards a range of benzylidenefuranones (IV), while the reaction with aryl‐ and cycloalkylethynes (V) affords butynones (VI), exclusively.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrogen Peroxide Mediated Efficient Amidation and Esterification of Aldehydes: Scope and Selectivity.
Authors: Tank Rekha , Pathak Uma , Vimal Manorama , Bhattacharyya Shubhankar , Pandey Lokesh Kumar 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe reaction is conducted using an environmentally benign and simple protocol which leads to easily isolable products.
ChemInform Abstract: A Mild and Efficient Method for the Selective Deprotection of Silyl Ethers Using KF in the Presence of Tetraethylene Glycol.
Authors: Yan Hailong , Oh Joong‐Suk , Song Choong Eui 
Published: March 2012

AbstractTitle deprotection of silyl ethers tolerates a variety of acid‐sensitive functional groups like tetrahydropyranyl or furyl groups.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot, Stereoselective Synthesis of Trisubstituted 1,3‐Dienes by Hydromagnesiation‐Cross‐Coupling Tandem Reaction of Alkylarylacetylenes with Alkenyl Iodides.
Authors: Ye Xinglin , Wang Pingping , Zhang Haiyun , Cai Mingzhong 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe procedure is described as applicable to the stereocontrolled synthesis of naturally occurring 1,3‐diene systems.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Chemoselective Condensation of β‐Naphthol, Aldehyde, and Urea Catalyzed by Thiamine Hydrochloride.
Authors: Lei Min , Ma Lei , Hu Lihong 
Published: March 2012

AbstractMulticomponent reaction of aldehydes (III), which bear electron‐donating groups, yields oxazinones (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Access to β‐Oxodiazo Compounds by Copper(II)‐Catalyzed Oxidative Rearrangement of Stabilized Vinyl Diazo Derivatives.
Authors: Barluenga Jose , Lonzi Giacomo , Riesgo Lorena , Tomas Miguel , Lopez Luis A. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe target compounds can be converted into various derivatives like (III) and (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic Enantioselective Michael Addition of Malonic Acid Half‐Thioesters to β‐Nitroolefins: From Mimicry of Polyketide Synthases to Scalable Synthesis of γ‐Amino Acids.
Authors: Bae Han Yong , Some Surajit , Lee Jae Heon , Kim Ju‐Young , Song Myoung Jong , Lee Sungyul , Zhang Yong Jian , Song Choong Eui 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe amide (ALK) efficiently promotes the asymmetric coupling of nitroolefins with the thioester (II) giving adducts of type (III)/(VII) with high enantioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Methoxy Ether Cleavage of 2,6‐Dimethoxyphenol Followed by a Selective Acylation.
Authors: Adogla Enoch A. , Janser Romy F. J. , Fairbanks Samuel S. , Vortolomei Caitlyn M. , Meka Ranjith K. , Janser Ingo 
Published: March 2012

AbstractTreatment of (I) with AlCl3 and acyl chlorides at elevated temperature results in selective cleavage of one methoxy group followed by a regioselective acylation.
ChemInform Abstract: Ring Cleavage of Dihydropyrimidine Skeleton.
Authors: Cho Hidetsura , Kwon Eunsang , Yasui Yoshizumi , Kobayashi Satoshi , Yoshida Shin‐ichiro , Nishimura Yoshio , Yamaguchi Masahiko 
Published: March 2012

AbstractNucleophilic reaction of substrate (I) with anilines and phenylhydrazine results in unexpected ring opening to yield compounds of type (III).
ChemInform Abstract: CuII—β‐Cyclodextrin Complex as a Nanocatalyst for the Homo‐ and Cross‐Coupling of Arylboronic Acids under Ligand‐ and Base‐Free Conditions in Air: Chemoselective Cross‐Coupling of Arylboronic Acids in Water.
Authors: Kaboudin Babak , Abedi Yaghoub , Yokomatsu Tsutomu 
Published: March 2012

AbstractHomocoupling of aryl‐ and styrylboronic acids and their hydrolysis to afford biaryls and phenols, resp., are very sensitive to steric effects.
ChemInform Abstract: Concise Synthesis of β,β‐Diaryl Esters and Ketones from Ethynylcarbonyl Compounds by Rhodium‐Catalyzed Double Arylation with Arylboroxins.
Authors: Nishimura Takahiro , Noishiki Akira , Hayashi Tamio 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe title reaction proceeds via double arylation of β‐alkoxyacrylate intermediates which are generated in situ from CF3—CH2—OH and the corresponding alkynes.
ChemInform Abstract: Lewis Acid Mediated ArSE Aroylation of Naphthalene Derivative: Distinct Second Aroylation Behavior of α‐Naphthyl Ketone.
Authors: Okamoto Akiko , Mitsui Ryosuke , Oike Hideaki , Yonezawa Noriyuki 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe formation of the products strongly depends on the Lewis acid and the specific conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐Arylhydroxynitroindoles: A New Procedure for the Cleavage of Aryl Methyl Ethers.
Authors: Kokurkina G. V. , Dutov M. D. , Shevelev S. A. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe cleavage of the ether bond in methoxyindoles of type (III) can be achieved by heating in tetrabutylammonium bromide.
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐Substituted‐isoindoles: A Novel Synthetic Route and a Study of the Diels—Alder and Michael Reactions.
Authors: Voitenko Zoia V. , Sypchenko Volodymyr V. , Levkov Igor V. , Potikha Lyudmila M. , Kovtunenko Volodymyr A. , Shishkin Oleg V. , Shishkina Svetlana V. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractA novel one‐step procedure for the synthesis of isoindoles (III) is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Merging Organocatalysis and Gold Catalysis: Enantioselective Synthesis of Tetracyclic Indole Derivatives Through a Sequential Double Friedel—Crafts Type Reaction.
Authors: Loh Charles C. J. , Badorrek Jan , Raabe Gerhard , Enders Dieter 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe products are of a significant interest due to their potential pharmaceutical activity.
ChemInform Abstract: An Unexpected Multicomponent Reaction to Synthesis of 3‐(5‐Amino‐3‐methyl‐1H‐pyrazol‐4‐yl)‐3‐arylpropanoic Acids in Ionic Liquid
Authors: Xiao Zhiyong , Lei Min , Hu Lihong 
Published: March 2012

Abstractdiscussion of the mechanism
ChemInform Abstract: An Effective Synthesis of Indazolo[2,1‐a]indazole‐6,12‐diones by Regioselective Copper‐Catalyzed Cascade Acylation/Coupling Cyclization Process.
Authors: Wang Zhiming , Yu Bin , Cui Yuan , Sun Xiaoqiang , Bao Weiliang 
Published: March 2012

AbstractTitle compounds (III) are synthesized via a cascade intermolecular N‐acylation/intramolecular C—N coupling cyclization process.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and anti‐Candida Potential of Certain Novel 1‐[(3‐Substituted‐3‐phenyl)propyl]‐1H‐imidazoles.
Authors: Aboul‐Enein Mohamed Nabil , El‐Azzouny Aida Abd El‐Sattar , Attia Mohamed Ibrahim , Saleh Ola Ahmed , Kansoh Amany Lotfy 
Published: March 2012

AbstractEsters (VIIIc) and (VIIId), the most active derivatives synthesized, are equipotent with the reference antifungal tioconazole and more potent than miconazole against Candida albicans and Candida pseudotropicales.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave Assisted Synthesis of Some Novel Pyrazole Substituted Benzimidazoles (V) and Evaluation of Their Biological Activities.
Authors: Kalirajan R. , Rathore Leela , Jubie S. , Gowramma B. , Gomathy S. , Sankar S. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractSome compounds show significant antibacterial, e.g. (Va), (Ve), (Vg), (Vi), good antifungal, e.g. (Vg), (Vh), good anticancer, e.g. (Vf), (Vh) or significant antitubercular activities (Vb).
ChemInform Abstract: Click‐Chemistry Approach to Isoxazole‐Containing α‐CF3‐Substituted α‐Aminocarboxylates and α‐Aminophosphonates.
Authors: Vorobyeva Daria V. , Karimova Natalya M. , Odinets Irina L. , Roeschenthaler Gerd‐Volker , Osipov Sergey N. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractWith the object to obtaining promising biologically active compounds, novel α‐CF3‐substituted α‐aminocarboxylates and ‐phosphonates (III) and (V) bearing the isoxazole pharmacophore are synthesized.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis and in vitro Antitubercular Activity of 1,2,3‐Triazoles as Inhibitors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Authors: Shanmugavelan Poovan , Nagarajan Sangaraiah , Sathishkumar Murugan , Ponnuswamy Alagusundaram , Yogeeswari Perumal , Sriram Dharmarajan 
Published: March 2012

AbstractAn environmentally friendly, solvent‐free protocol for the efficient and rapid synthesis of 1,2,3‐triazoles (III) is achieved using Huisgen′s 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron‐Catalyzed Rearrangements and Cycloaddition Reactions of 2H‐Chromenes.
Authors: Luan Yi , Sun Huan , Schaus Scott E. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe method affords the cycloaddition products mostly with poor diastereoselectivities and can be applied to the synthesis of (.+‐.)‐dependensin (XV).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 14‐Fluorophenyl‐14H‐dibenzo[a,j]xanthenes and Their Derivatives under Microwave Irradiation and Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Jin Jianan , Zhang Jianmin , Shang Wenli , Zhu Shizheng 
Published: March 2012

AbstractA novel and highly efficient procedure for the synthesis of title compounds (III) is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Au‐Catalyzed Piperidine Synthesis via Tandem Acyloxy Migration/Intramolecular [3 + 2] Cycloaddition of Enynyl Esters.
Authors: Zheng Huaiji , Huo Xing , Zhao Changgui , Jing Peng , Yang Juan , Fang Bowen , She Xuegong 
Published: March 2012

AbstractA variety of substrates joined by a sulfonamide is converted to multisubstituted piperidines or the pyrrolidine (IIa) with complete stereoselectivity when the reaction is carried out in wet dichloromethane.
ChemInform Abstract: Design and Synthesis of Some Novel Quinoline Derivatives as Anticancer and Radiosensitizing Agents Targeting VEGFR Tyrosine Kinase.
Authors: Ghorab Mostafa M. , Ragab Fatma A. , Heiba Helmy I. , Ghorab Walid M. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractA variety of novel quinoline and pyrimidoquinoline derivatives (XVI) is synthesized from enaminone (I), and evaluated for in vitro effects against the human cancer cell line MCF7.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Characterization, Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity of 2‐(Aryl)‐3‐(3‐( (8‐hydroxyquinolin‐5‐yl)diazenyl)phenyl)thiazolidin‐4‐ones.
Authors: Chopde Himani N. , Pagadala Ramakanth , Meshram Jyotsna S. , Jetti Venkateshwarlu 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe title compounds of type (III) exhibit moderate to good antimicrobial activities.
ChemInform Abstract: 4‐Hydroxy‐2‐quinolones. Part 199. Use of N,N′‐Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide in the Synthesis of Ethyl 4‐Hydroxy‐2‐oxo‐1,2‐dihydroquinoline‐3‐carboxylates.
Authors: Ukrainets I. V. , Golik N. Yu. , Bevz O. V. , Gorokhova O. V. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractA novel access to quinoline‐3‐carboxylic esters using DCC is studied and possible side reactions between the acylating agent (II) and DCC are discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: Application of the Heck Reaction for the Synthesis of 1‐Alkoxyisoquinoline‐3‐carboxylic Acids Esters.
Authors: Ture A. , Rubina K. , Rozhkov E. , Kauss V. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe synthesis of isoquinoline‐3‐carboxylic acid derivatives via Heck reaction and subsequent cyclization is studied.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalyzed Cascade Reactions of Cyclic β‐Enamino Esters and α,β‐Unsaturated Aldehydes Leading to Indoloquinolizidines and Benzoquinolizidines.
Authors: Wu Xiaoyu , Nie Linlin , Fang Huihui , Chen Jie , Cao Weiguo , Zhao Gang 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe reaction is effective for aromatic and aliphatic α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: NHC‐Catalyzed Enantioselective [2 + 2] and [2 + 2 + 2] Cycloadditions of Ketenes with Isothiocyanates.
Authors: Wang Xiao‐Na , Shen Li‐Tao , Ye Song 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe [2 + 2]‐cycloaddition reaction of the aromatic isothiocyanate (III) with ketenes proceeds at room temperature with formation of 4‐thioxo‐2‐azetidinones.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and in vitro Antimycobacterial Activity of Fluoroquinolone Derivatives Containing a Coumarin Moiety.
Authors: Guo Qiang , Liu Ming‐Liang , Feng Lian‐Shun , Lv Kai , Guan Yan , Guo Hui‐Yuan , Xiao Chun‐Ling 
Published: March 2012

AbstractA variety of new gatifloxacin and ciprofloxacin coumarin derivatives with remarkable improved lipophilicity compared to the parent fluoroquinolone drugs is designed, synthesized and evaluated for antimycobacterial activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted aza‐Prins Reaction. Part 1. Facile Preparation of Natural‐Like 3‐Azabicyclo[3.3.1]non‐6‐enes.
Authors: Parchinsky Vladislav , Shumsky Alexei , Krasavin Mikhail 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe novel title compounds (III) are proposed to be useful substrates for the preparation of biologically active compounds [cf.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Alkynylthiolation of Alkynes with Triisopropylsilylethynyl Sulfide.
Authors: Iwasaki Masayuki , Fujino Daishi , Wada Tatsuya , Kondoh Azusa , Yorimitsu Hideki , Oshima Koichiro 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe reaction of terminal alkynes with sulfide (I) proceeds with complete regio‐ and stereoselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activities of a New Class of Macrocyclic Phosphonates.
Authors: Reddy G. Chandra Sekhar , Sankar A. Uma Ravi , Reddy M. Veera Narayana , Rani C. Radha , Reddy C. Suresh 
Published: March 2012

AbstractMost of the new title compounds (III) (12 examples) show moderate to high antibacterial and antifungal activities.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper(II)‐Mediated Intramolecular Cyclization of (Z)‐Chalcogenoenynes: Synthesis of 3‐Halochalcogenophene Derivatives.
Authors: Barancelli Daniela A. , Schumacher Ricardo F. , Leite Marlon R. , Zeni Gilson 
Published: March 2012

AbstractIntramolecular 5‐endo‐dig‐cyclization of various (Z)‐seleno‐ and thioenynes is mediated by CuBr2 or CuCl2 to afford 3‐bromo or 3‐chloroseleno‐ or thiophenes.
ChemInform Abstract: New Cannabinoid‐Like Chromane and Chromene Derivatives from Rhododendron anthopogonoides.
Authors: Iwata Naoki , Kitanaka Susumu 
Published: March 2012

AbstractAnthopogocyclolic acid (I) and anthopogochromenic acid (II) are isolated along with 5 related compounds which are known as synthetic analogues of cannabinoids.
ChemInform Abstract: Bioactive Phenolic Constituents from the Seeds of Pharbitis nil.
Authors: Kim Ki Hyun , Ha Sang Keun , Choi Sang Un , Kim Sun Yeou , Lee Kang Ro 
Published: March 2012

AbstractPharsyringaresinol (I), pharbilignoside (II) and the new phenylethanoid glycoside pharbiniloside (III) are isolated along with 22 known compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: 4‐Methoxy‐3‐methylgoniothalamin from Marine‐Derived Fungi of the Genus Penicillium.
Authors: Smetanina O. F. , Yurchenko A. N. , Kalinovsky A. I. , Pushilin M. A. , Slinkina N. N. , Yurchenko E. A. , Afiyatullov Sh. Sh. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe new styrylpyrone derivative (I) and the known compound sulochrin are isolated from the fungi P.
ChemInform Abstract: Secolignans, Neolignans and Phenylpropanoids from Daphne feddei and Their Biological Activities.
Authors: Hu Qiu‐Fen , Mu Huai‐Xue , Huang Hai‐Tao , Lv Hua‐Ying , Li Shu‐Li , Tu Pen‐Fei , Li Gan‐Peng 
Published: March 2012

AbstractFeddeiphenol A (Ia) and B (Ib), and the new neolignan, feddeiphenol C (II), are isolated from the leaves and stems along with 8 known constituents.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Chemistry of Cancrinite‐Group Minerals with an AB‐Type Framework: A Review and New Data. Part 1. Chemical and Structural Variations
Authors: Pekov Igor V. , Olysych Lyudmila V. , Chukanov Nikita V. , Zubkova Natalia V. , Pushcharovsky Dmitry Yu. , Van Konstantin V. , Giester Gerald , Tillmanns Ekkehart 
Published: March 2012

AbstractReview: 38 refs.
Stable and Water‐Dispersible Graphene Nanosheets: Sustainable Preparation, Functionalization, and High‐Performance Adsorbents for Pb2+
Authors: Song Hongjie , Hao Liying , Tian Yunfei , Wan Xiangyu , Zhang Lichun , Lv Yi 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe present study outlines a one‐step route to the preparation and functionalization of graphene nanosheets from graphene oxide using tea polyphenols as a simultaneous reductant and functionalization reagent. This method uses a “green” reductant and is free of additional functionalization reagents, thus it is environmentally friendly, simple, and low‐cost. The resulting functionalized graphene nanosheets have a mostly single‐layer structure, are stable, and have very good water dispersibility. The structure, composition, and morphology of the resulting material were characterized by using various methods including, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), UV/Vis spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, detailed X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Among other possible applications of the functionalized graphene, we discuss its use as an adsorbent for heavy‐metal ions in aqueous solutions.
Genetic testing for autism spectrum disorders
Authors: Bauer Sarah C. , Msall Michael E. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractChildren with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have unique developmental and behavioral phenotypes, and they have specific challenges with communication, social skills, and repetitive behaviors. At this time, no single etiology for ASD has been identified. However, evidence from family studies and linkage analyses suggests that genetic factors play a pivotal role in the etiology of ASD. However, ASD appear to be influenced by complex genetic and environmental factors, and evidence suggests that this is not a single gene disorder. In particular, ASD has a complex behavioral phenotype, and this variation reflects complex genotypes under the influence of external factors. With these considerations in mind, it is important to recognize that genetic testing is a vital component of the diagnostic evaluation of children with ASD. For example, children with ASD who have definitive etiologies may be able to access more specific resources, they may be spared long, emotionally and financially exhausting diagnostic journeys, and associated medical conditions and comorbidities can be managed proactively. Most importantly, children with disabilities of unknown origin should have an ongoing evaluation of potential etiologies for their symptoms (Crocker, 1987). Our purpose is to describe current trends in genetic testing for ASD, potential genetic etiologies of ASD, known genetic disorders associated with ASD, and recommendations for genetic testing in ASD. We will also emphasize the importance of access to informed health professionals, especially in the contexts of stigma and community supports. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Disabil Res Rev 2011; 17:3–8.