bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A trans-cultural comparison of the organisation of care at headache centres world-wide
Authors: Bhola Ria , Goadsby Peter J 
Published: September 2010

Background: The need to provide better outcomes for patients with headache, and to minimise the costs involved in doing so, has prompted the search for new modes of service delivery by exploring the service organisation and nursing role from various cultural, economic and global perspectives. Materials and Methods: This study was based on comparisons with the UK headache service up to 2007, the point at which this study was set up. This UK service was based at the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (NHNN, UCLH Trust). Data were obtained from US headache centres in 2008 and from centres in Copenhagen, Bangkok, Sydney and Porto Alegre in 2009. Results: A comparison shows the key components of services at all centres showing the team structure and size of service. Prominent features at the centres included: team-working, regular meetings, educational input, good access and communication among team members, headache-trained neurologists, specialist nursing at most centres, and the input of psychological and physical therapists at some centres. Conclusions: The problems of tertiary headache care are very similar throughout the world and seem to transcend ethnic, cultural and economic considerations.
At the interface of community and healthcare systems: a longitudinal cohort study on evolving health and the impact of primary healthcare from the patient's perspectiv
Authors: Haggerty Jeannie , Fortin Martin , Beaulieu Marie-Dominique , Hudon Catherine , Loignon Christine , Préville Michel , Roberge Danièle 
Published: September 2010

Abstract

Background
Massive efforts in Canada have been made to renew primary healthcare. However, although early evaluations of initiatives and research on certain aspects of the reform are promising, none have examined the link between patient assessments of care and health outcomes or the impacts at a population level. The goal of this project is to examine the effect of patient-centred and effective primary healthcare on the evolution of chronic illness burden and health functioning in a population, and in particularly vulnerable groups: the multi-morbid and the poor.

Methods/Design
A randomly selected cohort of 2000 adults aged 25 to 75 years will be recruited within the geographic boundaries of four local healthcare networks in Quebec. At recruitment, cohort members will report on socio-demographic information, functional health and healthcare use. Two weeks, 12 months and 24 months after recruitment, cohort participants will complete a self-administered questionnaire on current health and health behaviours in order to evaluate primary healthcare received in the previous year.
The dependent variables are calculated as change over time of functional health status, chronic illness burden, and health behaviours. Dimensions of patient-centred care and clinical processes are measured using sub-scales of validated instruments. We will use Poisson regression modelling to estimate the incidence rate of chronic illness burden scores and structural equation modelling to explore relationships between variables and to examine the impact of dimensions of patient-centred care and effective primary healthcare.

Discussion
Results will provide valuable information for primary healthcare clinicians on the course of chronic illness over time and the impact on health outcomes of accessible, patient-centred and effective care. A demonstration of impact will contribute to the promotion of continuous quality improvement activities at a clinical level. While considerable advances have been made in the management of specific chronic illnesses, this will make a unique contribution to effective care for persons with multiple morbidities. Furthermore, the cohort and data architecture will serve as a research platform for future projects.
Schizophrenia, amphetamine-induced sensitized state and acute amphetamine exposure all show a common alteration: increased dopamine D2 receptor dimerization
Authors: Wang Min , Pei Lin , Fletcher Paul J , Kapur Shitij , Seeman Philip , Liu Fang 
Published: September 2010

Abstract

Background
All antipsychotics work via dopamine D2 receptors (D2Rs), suggesting a critical role for D2Rs in psychosis; however, there is little evidence for a change in receptor number or pharmacological nature of D2Rs. Recent data suggest that D2Rs form dimers in-vitro and in-vivo, and we hypothesized that schizophrenia, as well as preclinical models of schizophrenia, would demonstrate altered dimerization of D2Rs, even though the overall number of D2Rs was unaltered.

Methods
We measured the expression of D2Rs dimers and monomers in patients with schizophrenia using Western blots, and then in striatal tissue from rats exhibiting the amphetamine-induced sensitized state (AISS). We further examined the interaction between D2Rs and the dopamine transporter (DAT) by co-immunoprecipitation, and measured the expression of dopamine D2High receptors with ligand binding assays in rat striatum slices with or without acute amphetamine pre-treatment.

Results
We observed significantly enhanced expression of D2Rs dimers (277.7 ± 33.6%) and decreased expression of D2Rs monomers in post-mortem striatal tissue of schizophrenia patients. We found that amphetamine facilitated D2Rs dimerization in both the striatum of AISS rats and in rat striatal neurons. Furthermore, amphetamine-induced D2Rs dimerization may be associated with the D2R-DAT protein-protein interaction as an interfering peptide that disrupts the D2R-DAT coupling, blocked amphetamine-induced up-regulation of D2Rs dimerization.

Conclusions
Given the fact that amphetamine induces psychosis and that the AISS rat is a widely accepted animal model of psychosis, our data suggest that D2R dimerization may be important in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and may be a promising new target for novel antipsychotic drugs.
Potential therapeutic strategy for non-Hodgkin lymphoma by anti-CD20scFvFc/CD28/CD3zeta gene tranfected T cells
Authors: Zheng Yihu , Yu Kang , Du Jimei , Jiang Lei , Zhang Shenghui , Han Yixiang , Yu Panpan , Tan Yingxia 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBackgroundAnti-CD20 monoclonal antibody treatment has not only increased survival and cure rates in many non-Hodgkin lymphomas, but also has prompted an explosion in the development of novel antibodies and biologically active substances with specific cellular targets in the field of malignancies treatment. Since the robust immune responses are elicited by the gene-modified T cells, gene based T cell therapy may also provide a powerful tool for cancer immunotherapy.MethodsIn this study, we developed a vector construction encoding a chimeric T cell receptor that recognizes the CD20 antigen and delivers co-stimulatory signals to achieve T cell activation. One non-Hodgkin lymphoma cell line Raji cells co-cultured with peripheral blood-derived T cells were stably transfected with anti-CD20scFvFc/CD28/CD3zeta gene or anti-CD20scFvFc gene. T cells expressing anti-CD20scFvFc/CD28/CD3zeta or anti-CD20scFvFc gene co-cultured with CD20 positive Raji cells for different times. Cell lysis assay was carried by [3H]TdR release assay. The expressions of Fas, Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 of Raji cells were detected by flow cytometric. The secretion of IFN-gamma and IL-2 in co-culture medium was tested by ELISA assay. Activity of AP-1 was analyzed by EMSA.ResultsFollowing efficient transduction of peripheral blood-derived T cells with anti-CD20scFvFc/CD28/CD3zeta gene, an obvious cell lysis of Raji cells was observed in co-culture. T cells transduced anti-CD20scFvFc/CD28/CD3zeta gene had superior secretion of IFN-gamma and IL-2 compared to T cells transduced anti-CD20scFvFc gene. Also it led to a much stronger Fas-induced apoptosis signaling transduction in target cancer cells.ConclusionSo adoptively T cells transduced anti-CD20scFvFc/CD28/CD3zeta gene mediates enhanced anti-tumor activities against CD20 positive tumor cells, suggesting a potential of gene-based immunotherapy for non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
New Method of Full-Field Stress Analysis and Measurement Using Photoelasticity
Authors: Dijkstra Jelke , Broere Wout 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Photoelastic measurements provide a means to obtain a meaningful representation of the stress state in a granular material over the full area of a plane-strain sample without the need to place stress transducers inside the sample. This method uses the property of non-crystalline materials to become optically anisotropic when put under stress. To measure the resultant relative retardation of a light beam transmitted through a model built from glass grains and a liquid with a matching refractive index in the pores, a full-field polariscope has been built. This setup is able to characterize the stress state in the full-field of the sample with only seven intensity measurements. A plane-strain pile penetration test is used as an example.
Effects of Supplementary Cementitious Materials on Apparent Activation Energy
Authors: Poole J. L. , Riding K. A. , Juenger M. C. G. , Folliard K. J. , Schindler A. K. 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
The application of the Arrhenius equation to characterize the progress of cement hydration requires the use of an apparent activation energy (Ea) value to describe the temperature sensitivity of the combined hydration reactions. Supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) such as fly ash, ground-granulated blast-furnace slag, and silica fume are an integral part of most concrete mixtures, but their impact on Ea has not been fully explored for a wide range of cement and SCM compositions and replacement levels. This information is important in order to predict heat from the hydration of concrete or strength development using the “maturity method.” This paper examines the effects of SCMs on the apparent activation energy (Ea). It was observed that increasing amounts of Class F fly ash and silica fume generally lowered Ea, but the effects of slag and Class C fly ash were dependent on the composition of the cement, particularly the aluminate, alkali, and soluble sulfate contents.
Prevalence and predictors of vitamin D insufficiency in women of reproductive age living in northern latitude
Authors: Gagnon Claudia , Baillargeon Jean-Patrice , Desmarais Guillaume , Fink Guy D 
Published: September 2010

ObjectiveThis study assessed the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) ≤50 nmol/l) and insufficiency (serum 25OHD 51–74 nmol/l) during summer and the predictors of serum 25OHD in young women of reproductive age.DesignCross-sectional study.MethodsBetween May and September 2006, 153 healthy, ambulatory and essentially Caucasian women, aged 18–41 years, were recruited. Serum 25OHD and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were measured, and questionnaires were evaluated.ResultsAbout 3.9% of women had serum 25OHD ≤50 nmol/l with an additional 26.8% in the insufficient range. Most women (56.9%) had their blood sampled in September. Month of blood collection significantly influenced serum 25OHD. Body mass index (BMI) was inversely associated with serum 25OHD, while traveling to a warmer climate during winter/spring and using oral contraceptive pills (OCP) were associated with higher serum 25OHD. Sunscreen was used by 77.8% of women, but only 3.3% reported consuming vitamin D supplements. BMI, serum PTH, travel to a warmer climate, and OCP use were independently and significantly associated with serum 25OHD, after adjustment for the month of sampling, and explained 40% of the variance in serum 25OHD.ConclusionsIn Canada, the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency is relatively high (30%) during summer in healthy women of reproductive age. Given the expected decrease in serum 25OHD during winter and the low consumption of vitamin D supplements, a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency is to be anticipated during winter, except maybe for those traveling to a warmer climate.
Conventional and novel biomarkers of treatment outcome in patients with acromegaly: discordant results after somatostatin analog treatment compared with surgery
Authors: Rubeck Kristine Z , Madsen Michael , Andreasen Caroline Marie , Fisker Sanne , Frystyk Jan , Jørgensen Jens Otto L 
Published: September 2010

ContextControl of disease activity in acromegaly is critical, but the biochemical definitions remain controversial.ObjectiveTo compare traditional and novel biomarkers and health status in patients with acromegaly treated with either surgery alone or somatostatin analog (SA).Design and methodsSixty-three patients in long-term remission based on normalized total IGF1 levels after surgery alone (n=36) or SA (n=27) were studied in a cross-sectional manner. The groups were comparable at diagnosis regarding demographic and biochemical variables. Each subject underwent 3 h of serum sampling including a 2-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Health status was measured by two questionnaires: EuroQoL and Acrostudy (Patient-assessed-Acromegaly symptom questionnaire (PASQ)).ResultsTotal and bioactive IGF1 (μg/l) levels were similar (total: 185±10 (SA) versus 171±8 (surgery) (P=0.28); bioactive: 1.9±0.2 vs 1.9±0.1 (P=0.70)). Suppression of total and free GH (μg/l) during OGTT was blunted in the SA group (total GHnadir: 0.59±0.08 (SA) versus 0.34±0.06 (surgery) (P=0.01); free GHnadir: 0.43±0.06 vs 0.19±0.04 (P<0.01)). The insulin response to OGTT was delayed, and the 2-h glucose level was elevated during SA treatment (P=0.02). Disease-specific health status was better in patients after surgery (P=0.02).Conclusionsi) Despite similar and normalized IGF1 levels, SA treatment compared with surgery alone was associated with less suppressed GH levels and less symptom relief; ii) this discordance may be due to specific suppression of hepatic IGF1 production by SA; iii) we suggest that biochemical assessment during SA treatment should include both GH and IGF1.
Influence of Silicon Doping on the SA-MOVPE of InAs Nanowires
Authors: Sladek Kamil , Penz Andreas , Weis Karl , Wirths Stephan , Volk Christian , Alagha Shima , Akabori Masashi , Lenk Steffi , Luysberg Martina , Lueth Hans , Hardtdegen Hilde , Schaepers Thomas , Gruetzmacher Detlev 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe influence of Si-doping on the growth and material characteristics of InAs nanowires deposited by metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE) was investigated. It was observed that above a certain partial pressure ratio, doping has an influence on the morphology. The nanowires exhibit better uniformity but lower height vs. diameter aspect ratio as the supply of the dopant increases. It was consistantly found that the specific conductance of the nanowires also increases. Moreover the electrical measurements showed a transition from semiconducting to metallic behavior in the case of highly doped nanowires.
The Effect of Increased Waste Loading on the Durability of High Level Waste Glass
Authors: Brookes Chris , Harrison Mike , Riley Andrew , Steele Carl James 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThis paper describes the results from static leach tests using the ASTM International standard Materials Characterisation Centre (MCC-1) and Product Consistency Test (PCT) protocols for inactive High Level Waste (HLW) glasses fabricated at full scale on the Sellafield Vitrification Test Rig. The samples comprised monoliths and powders of a 75:25 Oxide:Magnox Blend glass with 31 wt% waste incorporation and a Magnox-only glass with 35 wt% waste incorporation. The tests were carried out in de-ionized water at 90 °C for durations up to 42 days and normalized mass losses calculated.The results of MCC-1 and PCT tests on both 31 wt% Blend and 35 wt% Magnox glasses, showing measurable differences to the corresponding standard 25 wt% waste incorporation glasses, are presented. A series of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) investigations were also undertaken. The variation in composition and thickness of the alteration layer with sample type and duration is reported.
Phase Composition and Elemental Distribution in the Vitrified U-bearing HLW Surrogate
Authors: Stefanovsky Sergey , Nikonov Boris , Omelianenko Boris , Marra James C 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe blocks of glassy material at 55 wt.% SB4 waste loading produced in a demountable cold crucible and cooled to room temperature in cold crucible and glasses cooled in a resistive furnace by a canister centerline cooling (CCC) regime were sectioned to investigate phase composition and elemental distribution between various parts of the blocks. X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy studies revealed some difference in the texture but not in phase composition of the materials sampled from various parts of the blocks. The glass samples were composed of vitreous and spinel structure phases. Spinel was present as both skeleton-type aggregates of fine (micron- or submicron-sized) crystals segregated at early stages of melt solidification and larger (up to tens of microns) individual more regular crystals formed during slow melt cooling. There was some tendency for elemental segregation in the glass block from the cold crucible with enrichment of the deeper zones with heavier transition metal ions and depletion of Na, Cs, Ca, Al and Si. Uranium was quite uniformly distributed within zones of the block and entered the vitreous phase.
Subsurface temperature maps in French sedimentary basins: new data compilation and interpolation
Authors: Bonté Damien , Guillou-Frottier Laurent , Garibaldi Cynthia , Bourgine Bernard , Lopez Simon , Bouchot Vincent , Lucazeau Francis 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Assessment of the underground geothermal potential requires the knowledge of deep temperatures (1–5 km). Here, we present new temperature maps obtained from oil boreholes in the French sedimentary basins. Because of their origin, the data need to be corrected, and their local character necessitates spatial interpolation. Previous maps were obtained in the 1970s using empirical corrections and manual interpolation. In this study, we update the number of measurements by using values collected during the last thirty years, correct the temperatures for transient perturbations and carry out statistical analyses before modelling the 3D distribution of temperatures. This dataset provides 977 temperatures corrected for transient perturbations in 593 boreholes located in the French sedimentary basins. An average temperature gradient of 30.6°C/km is obtained for a representative surface temperature of 10°C. When surface temperature is not accounted for, deep measurements are best fitted with a temperature gradient of 25.7°C/km. We perform a geostatistical analysis on a residual temperature dataset (using a drift of 25.7°C/km) to constrain the 3D interpolation kriging procedure with horizontal and vertical models of variograms. The interpolated residual temperatures are added to the country-scale averaged drift in order to get a three dimensional thermal structure of the French sedimentary basins. The 3D thermal block enables us to extract isothermal surfaces and 2D sections (iso-depth maps and iso-longitude cross-sections). A number of anomalies with a limited depth and spatial extension have been identified, from shallow in the Rhine graben and Aquitanian basin, to deep in the Provence basin. Some of these anomalies (Paris basin, Alsace, south of the Provence basin) may be partly related to thick insulating sediments, while for some others (southwestern Aquitanian basin, part of the Provence basin) large-scale fluid circulation may explain superimposed cold and warm anomalies.
Fault-related hydrothermal dolomites in Cretaceous carbonates (Cantabria, northern Spain): Results of petrographic, geochemical and petrophysical studies
Authors: Shah Mumtaz M. , Nader Fadi H. , Dewit Julie , Swennen Rudy , Garcia Daniel 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe present contribution documents NW-SE oriented fault and fracture related dolomites in Aptian-Albian carbonates (Karrantza area; northern Spain). Field observations revealed two main dolomite types, namely massive and zebra dolomite. Texturally, these dolomite types are mostly planar and nonplanar and variably reworked by subsequent alterations, which resulted in neomorphism and recrystallization, cataclastic deformation and calcite filling of dolostones. Petrographic and geochemical studies demonstrate the superposition of different diagenetic events, which were involved in multiphase dolomitization. Several phases of hydrothermal calcite cement pre- and post-date the dolomitisation events. Massive dolomites show overlapping stable isotopic ratios ranging from −16.9 to −8.9‰ (δ18 O V-PDB), and −2.6 to +3.1‰ (δ13 C V-PDB). Zebra dolomite shows more depleted values of δ18O and δ13C as compared to massive dolomites (δ18O: −18.1 to −15.2‰V-PDB and δ13C: −8.1 to +1.6‰ V-PDB). Fluid inclusion analyses show homogenization temperature (Th) values from 120 to 200°C and estimated salinities range between 10 and 24 eq. wt.% NaCl. Both dolomite types are nearly stoichiometric, with CaCO3 values between 50 and 52 mole% Limestones close to the dolomites show depleted δl8O values (similar to those of the dolomites), implying isotopic resetting during dolomitization. Recrystallization appears to have decreased the bulk porosity values in the interlocking nonplanar dolomite (with negligible porosity), while late-stage calcite cements occlude most of the remaining porosity, and make petrophysical measurements difficult to interpret. The possible source of dolomitizing fluids can be deeply buried Triassic evaporitic strata in the intra-platform basin, Keuper salt diapirs and/or Mg-bearing igneous rocks.
Clinical Comparison of Bur- and Laser-prepared Minimally Invasive Occlusal Resin Composite Restorations: Two-year Follow-up
Authors: Yazici A. R. , Baseren M. , Gorucu J. 
Published: September 2010

Clinical RelevanceThe laser could be a promising alternative for minimally invasive occlusal resin composite cavity preparations, as its clinical performance was similar to bur-prepared composite restorations.
Evaluation of LuGre Tire Friction Model with Measured Data on Multiple Pavement Surfaces
Authors: Rajapakshe M. P. , Gunaratne M. , Kaw A. K. 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Accurate modeling of tire/pavement friction phenomena is of utmost importance in many applications such as vehicle braking control and frictional evaluation of pavements. LuGre tire friction model is a model which is used for this purpose by estimating its parameters using measured pavement friction data. In this investigation, LuGre model parameters were estimated using field data collected by a standard pavement friction measuring device (Locked Wheel Skid Trailer-ASTM E 274) at a group of pavements with different surface friction properties. Adequacy of the model to predict measured friction data from the device was statistically evaluated and the accuracy of estimated model parameters was determined. The results show the potential of this model to facilitate frictional evaluation of pavements using dynamic friction measuring equipment.