bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trans Fatty Acid‐Induced NF‐κB Activation Does Not Induce Insulin Resistance in Cultured Murine Skeletal Muscle Cells
Authors: Hommelberg Pascal P. H. , Langen Ramon C. J. , Schols Annemie M. W. J. , van Essen Anon L. M. , Snepvangers Frank J. M. , Mensink Ronald P. , Plat Jogchum 
Published: February 2010

AbstractLong‐chain saturated fatty acids such as palmitic acid induce insulin resistance and NF‐κB activation in skeletal muscle cells. Here we investigated the effects of long‐chain fatty acid (FA) saturation and configuration on NF‐κB activity and insulin sensitivity in cultured skeletal muscle cells. Of all tested unsaturated FAs, only elaidic acid (3‐fold), cis9,trans11‐CLA (3‐fold) and trans10,cis12‐CLA (13‐fold) increased NF‐κB transactivation in myotubes. This was not accompanied by decreased insulin sensitivity (measured as insulin‐induced glucose uptake and GLUT4 translocation). We therefore conclude that FA‐induced NF‐κB activation is not sufficient for the induction of insulin resistance in skeletal muscle cells.
Clinical Issues—February 2010
Authors: Burlingame Byron , Petersen Carol , Denholm Bonnie 
Published: February 2010

This MonthContinuously monitoring an open but unused sterile fieldKey words: procedural delay, continuous monitoring, sterile field.Documentation of skin status after pneumatic tourniquet useKey words: pneumatic tourniquet, skin assessment, perfusion status.Blanket warmer settingsKey words: blanket warming cabinets, fluid warming cabinets, temperature settings.
Successful treatment of Bartonella henselae endocarditis in a cat
Authors: Perez Cristina , Hummel James B. , Keene Bruce W. , Maggi Ricardo G. , Diniz Pedro P.V.P. , Breitschwerdt Edward B. 
Published: February 2010

This report describes the clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of a cat with vegetative valvular endocarditis temporally associated with natural infection with Bartonella henselae. Lethargy, abnormal gait and weakness were the main clinical signs that resulted in referral for diagnostic evaluation. Using a novel and sensitive culture approach, B henselae was isolated from the blood. Following antibiotic therapy there was total resolution of clinical signs, the heart murmur, the valvular lesion by echocardiography, and no Bartonella species was isolated or amplified from a post-treatment blood culture. In conjunction with previous case reports, infective endocarditis can be associated with natural B henselae infection in cats; however, early diagnosis and treatment may result in a better prognosis than previously reported.
A basal bird from the Campanian (Late Cretaceous) of Dinosaur Provincial Park (Alberta, Canada)
Authors: BUFFETAUT ERIC 
Published: February 2010

AbstractA fragmentary bone from the Dinosaur Park Formation (Campanian) of Dinosaur Provincial Park (Alberta, Canada), originally described as a pterosaur tibiotarsus, is reinterpreted as the distal end of the tibiotarsus of a basal bird, probably an enantiornithine, on the basis of several distinctive characters. It is the first report of such a bird from the Dinosaur Park Formation and shows that this group was present, together with various more derived ornithurines, in the relatively high-latitude environments of Late Cretaceous western Canada.
Neoriojatrema mokokchungensis n. g., n. sp. (Monogenea: Polystomatidae: Polystomatinae) from the urinary bladder of a megophryid frog, Xenophrys glandulosa, in Nagaland, north-eastern India
Authors: Imkongwapang R. , Tandon V. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractA new monogenean fluke, collected from the urinary bladder of a megophryid frog, Xenophrys glandulosa Fei, Ye & Huang, 1991 from Mokokchung and Tuensang districts of Nagaland, north-eastern India is described. Of the six genera under the subfamily Polystomatinae (Polystomatidae) known so far, the present form comes closer to Eupolystoma Kaw, 1950; Pseudopolystoma Yamaguti, 1963 and Riojatrema Lamothe-Argumedo, 1964, in all of which the opisthaptor lacks large hooks. However, a combination of characters, namely, shape of the body, rounded or bulbous pharynx, intestinal caeca not joining posteriorly in the opisthaptoral region, ovary located in the anterior third of the body and presence of vaginal apertures, sets the present form apart from all these genera, and also from the known species of Riojatrema. These differences warrant the establishment of a new species and a new genus to accommodate the present form. The validity of this new monogenean, named as Neoriojatrema mokokchungensis after the type locality of the fluke, is discussed.
Parasitic castration of Buccinanops cochlidium (Gastropoda: Nassariidae) caused by a lepocreadiid digenean in San José Gulf, Argentina
Authors: Averbuj A. , Cremonte F. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractParasitic castration of Buccinanops cochlidium from San José Gulf, Argentina, caused by a lepocreadiid digenean, is reported for the first time. Rediae and ophtalmotrichocercous cercariae probably belonging to Opechona sp. were identified in the gonad and digestive gland. Opechona sp. has been reported previously parasitizing B. monilifer from a northern locality in the Argentine Sea. Overall prevalence of infection was 15.5%; it varied seasonally, rising during the warm months after the host oviposition period. Cercariae were expelled at the same time as the hatching of snail embryos (during the higher water temperature period). Rediae affected male and female snails equally, but prevalence increases along with host size. The parasite causes the complete castration of the host. Parasitized adult snails showed a reduction of penis size in comparison with healthy males. It remains to be confirmed whether the peak of cercariae emission coincides with the presence of jellyfishes and scombrid or other fishes in the area, which could act as second intermediate and definitive hosts, respectively.
The dust ion acoustic waves propagation in collisional dusty plasmas with dust charge fluctuations: Effect of ion loss and ionization
Authors: EL-LABANY S. K. , SHALABY M. , EL-SHAMY E. F. , KHALED M. A. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractIn the present research paper, the nonlinear propagation of dust ion acoustic solitary waves in a collisional dusty plasma, which consists of negatively charged small dust grains, positively charged ions and isothermal electrons with background neutral particles, is investigated. The low rates compared to the ion oscillation frequency, of the charge-fluctuation dynamics of the dust grains, the ionization, ion-neutral and dust-neutral collisions (i.e. weak dissipations) are considered. Using the reductive perturbation theory, a damped Korteweg-de Vries (DKdV) equation is derived. On the other hand, the dynamics of solitary waves at a critical phase velocity is governed by a damped modified Korteweg-de Vries (DMKdV) equation. The nonlinear properties of dust ion acoustic waves in the presence of weak dissipations in the two cases are discussed.
Ultrahigh-throughput screening in drop-based microfluidics for directed evolution
Authors: Agresti Jeremy J. , Antipov Eugene , Abate Adam R. , Ahn Keunho , Rowat Amy C. , Baret Jean-Christophe , Marquez Manuel , Klibanov Alexander M. , Griffiths Andrew D. , Weitz David A. 
Published: February 2010

The explosive growth in our knowledge of genomes, proteomes, and metabolomes is driving ever-increasing fundamental understanding of the biochemistry of life, enabling qualitatively new studies of complex biological systems and their evolution. This knowledge also drives modern biotechnologies, such as molecular engineering and synthetic biology, which have enormous potential to address urgent problems, including developing potent new drugs and providing environmentally friendly energy. Many of these studies, however, are ultimately limited by their need for even-higher-throughput measurements of biochemical reactions. We present a general ultrahigh-throughput screening platform using drop-based microfluidics that overcomes these limitations and revolutionizes both the scale and speed of screening. We use aqueous drops dispersed in oil as picoliter-volume reaction vessels and screen them at rates of thousands per second. To demonstrate its power, we apply the system to directed evolution, identifying new mutants of the enzyme horseradish peroxidase exhibiting catalytic rates more than 10 times faster than their parent, which is already a very efficient enzyme. We exploit the ultrahigh throughput to use an initial purifying selection that removes inactive mutants; we identify ∼100 variants comparable in activity to the parent from an initial population of ∼10
7
. After a second generation of mutagenesis and high-stringency screening, we identify several significantly improved mutants, some approaching diffusion-limited efficiency. In total, we screen ∼10
8
individual enzyme reactions in only 10 h, using < 150 μL of total reagent volume; compared to state-of-the-art robotic screening systems, we perform the entire assay with a 1,000-fold increase in speed and a 1-million-fold reduction in cost.
Formation of carcinogens indoors by surface-mediated reactions of nicotine with nitrous acid, leading to potential
thirdhand smoke
hazards
Authors: Sleiman Mohamad , Gundel Lara A. , Pankow James F. , Jacob Peyton , Singer Brett C. , Destaillats Hugo 
Published: February 2010

This study shows that residual nicotine from tobacco smoke sorbed to indoor surfaces reacts with ambient nitrous acid (HONO) to form carcinogenic tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs). Substantial levels of TSNAs were measured on surfaces inside a smoker’s vehicle. Laboratory experiments using cellulose as a model indoor material yielded a > 10-fold increase of surface-bound TSNAs when sorbed secondhand smoke was exposed to 60 ppbv HONO for 3 hours. In both cases we identified 1-(
N
-methyl-
N
-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridinyl)-4-butanal, a TSNA absent in freshly emitted tobacco smoke, as the major product. The potent carcinogens 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridinyl)-1-butanone and
N
-nitroso nornicotine were also detected. Time-course measurements revealed fast TSNA formation, with up to 0.4% conversion of nicotine. Given the rapid sorption and persistence of high levels of nicotine on indoor surfaces—including clothing and human skin—this recently identified process represents an unappreciated health hazard through dermal exposure, dust inhalation, and ingestion. These findings raise concerns about exposures to the tobacco smoke residue that has been recently dubbed “thirdhand smoke.” Our work highlights the importance of reactions at indoor interfaces, particularly those involving amines and NO

x

/HONO cycling, with potential health impacts.
Metscape: a Cytoscape plug-in for visualizing and interpreting metabolomic data in the context of human metabolic networks
Authors: Gao Jing , Tarcea V. Glenn , Karnovsky Alla , Mirel Barbara R. , Weymouth Terry E. , Beecher Christopher W. , Cavalcoli James D. , Athey Brian D. , Omenn Gilbert S. , Burant Charles F. , Jagadish H. V. 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
Summary: Metscape is a plug-in for Cytoscape, used to visualize and interpret metabolomic data in the context of human metabolic networks. We have developed a metabolite database by extracting and integrating information from several public sources. By querying this database, Metscape allows users to trace the connections between metabolites and genes, visualize compound networks and display compound structures as well as information for reactions, enzymes, genes and pathways. Applying the pathway filter, users can create subnetworks that consist of compounds and reactions from a given pathway. Metscape allows users to upload experimental data, and visualize and explore compound networks over time, or experimental conditions. Color and size of the nodes are used to visualize these dynamic changes. Metscape can display the entire metabolic network or any of the pathway-specific networks that exist in the database.
Availability: Metscape can be installed from within Cytoscape 2.6.x under ‘Network and Attribute I/O’ category. For more information, please visit http://metscape.ncibi.org/tryplugin.html
Contact: jinggao@umich.edu
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Modeling macro–molecular interfaces with Intervor
Authors: Loriot Sébastien , Cazals Frédéric 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
Summary: Intervor is a software computing a parameter-free representation of macro–molecular interfaces, based on the α-complex of the atoms. Given two interacting partners, possibly with water molecules squeezed in-between them, Intervor computes an interface model which has the following characteristics: (i) it identifies the atoms of the partners which are in direct contact and those whose interaction is water mediated, (ii) it defines a geometric complex separating the partners, the Voronoi interface, whose geometric and topological descriptions are straightforward (surface area, number of patches, curvature), (iii) it allows the definition of the depth of atoms at the interface, thus going beyond the traditional dissection of an interface into a core and a rim. These features can be used to investigate correlations between structural parameters and key properties such as the conservation of residues, their polarity, the water dynamics at the interface, mutagenesis data, etc.
Availability: Intervor can be run from the web site http://cgal.inria.fr/abs/Intervor or upon downloading the binary file. Plugins are also made available for VMD and Pymol.
Contact: frederic.cazals@sophia.inria.fr
Silent ships sometimes do encounter more fish. 2. Concurrent echosounder observations from a free-drifting buoy and vessels
Authors: De Robertis Alex , Wilson Christopher D. 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
De Robertis, A., and Wilson, C. D. 2010. Silent ships sometimes do encounter more fish. 2. Concurrent echosounder observations from a free-drifting buoy and vessels. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 996–1003. The reactions of walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) to the NOAA ships “Miller Freeman” (MF), a conventionally designed research vessel, and the “Oscar Dyson” (OD), a noise-reduced research vessel, were compared near the Shumagin Islands, Alaska. Observations with a buoy-mounted echosounder indicated a stronger decrease in pollock backscatter strength and a greater increase in pollock backscatter depth associated with the passage of the MF than the OD. The pollock began to respond at a distance of ∼270 m from the vessel and were disturbed for several minutes after vessel passage. The reaction to the OD was weak, suggesting that measurements of pollock made by the OD in this environment are not strongly biased by vessel avoidance. Comparison of echosounder observations collected on board each vessel indicated that the MF measured less pollock backscatter, a deeper pollock depth distribution, and weaker single-target echoes than the OD. Together, the results indicate that acoustic measurements from the two vessels are not equivalent because of a reduced avoidance response to the noise-reduced vessel.
Serum lactoferrin level as a serologic biomarker for allergic rhinitis
Authors: Choi G. ‐S. , Shin S. ‐Y. , Kim J. ‐H. , Lee H. ‐Y. , Palikhe N. S. , Ye Y. ‐M. , Kim S. ‐H. , Park H. ‐S. 
Published: February 2010

SummaryBackground
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a very common disease and a risk factor for allergic asthma. The discovery of new biomarkers for the early detection of AR would improve the clinical outcomes and reduce socio‐economic burden. We sought to identify a novel serologic marker for detection of AR using a proteomic approach.Methods
To identify the proteins involved in AR, comparative proteomics was applied using nasal lavage fluids (NLFs) taken before and after a nasal provocation test (NPT) with Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dpt) in a subject with AR sensitized to Dpt. The clinical relevance of the identified proteins was evaluated by ELISA using NLFs and sera from the three study groups: Dpt‐sensitive AR; asymptomatic Dpt‐sensitive controls; and non‐atopic healthy controls. The sensitivities and specificities of the candidate proteins for predicting AR were determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.Results
In proteomic analysis, lactoferrin expression was up‐regulated after NPT. The validation study using ELISA showed a significantly lower serum lactoferrin level in the AR group than those of the other two groups (P<0.05, respectively). To discriminate between subjects with or without AR, the optimal serum cut‐off level of lactoferrin was set at <307 ng/mL using the ROC curve. The sensitivity and specificity for predicting AR were 81.4% and 58%. When combined with serum Dpt‐specific IgE level, the sensitivity and specificity for predicting AR were 76.7% and 79.2%.Conclusion
These results suggest that the serum lactoferrin level is associated with the phenotype of Dpt‐sensitive AR, and in combination with the serum Dpt‐specific IgE level, may be a potential serologic marker for early detection of AR. Cite this as: G.‐S. Choi, S.‐Y. Shin, J.‐H. Kim, H.‐Y. Lee, N. S. Palikhe, Y.‐M. Ye, S.‐H. Kim and H.‐S. Park, Clinical & Experimental Allergy, 2010 (40) 403–410.
Interaction between early maternal smoking and variants in TNF and GSTP1 in childhood wheezing
Authors: Panasevich S. , Lindgren C. , Kere J. , Wickman M. , Pershagen G. , Nyberg F. , Melén E. 
Published: February 2010

SummaryBackground
Children exposed to tobacco smoke early in life have a higher risk of wheeze. Individual susceptibility may depend on genetic factors.Objective
We studied whether variations in single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TNF, glutathione S transferase P1 (GSTP1) and β2‐adrenoreceptor (ADRB2) genes modify the effect of early maternal smoking on the development of childhood asthma, wheeze and allergic sensitization.Methods
In the Swedish prospective birth cohort BAMSE (Children, Allergy, Milieu, Stockholm, Epidemiological Survey) (n=4089), data collection included questionnaires to measure tobacco smoke exposure and clinical outcomes up to age 4 and medical examinations with blood sampling for specific IgE measurements and genotyping. We defined early maternal smoking as daily smoking by the mother during pregnancy and/or postnatally. We investigated five TNF, six GSTP1 and three ADRB2 SNPs in 982 selected wheezers and non‐wheezers.Results
An interaction with early maternal smoking was found for three TNF SNPs (−857C/T, Intron 1, Intron 3) with respect to early wheeze (up to 2 years of age). For example, the odds ratio (OR) for developing early wheeze related to early maternal smoking was 2.4 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.6–3.7] in children with a wild‐type CC homozygote genotype of the TNF−857 SNP, while no tobacco‐related risk was seen in children carrying the rare T allele. A clear dose response was observed in children with the CC genotype, with an OR of 1.3 (95% CI 1.1–1.5) per each additional pack per week smoked by the mother during pregnancy. A suggestive interaction with early maternal smoking was also seen for three GSTP1 SNPs (Intron 5, Intron 6 and Ile105Val) with respect to transient wheeze, but not for ADRB2 and wheeze phenotypes. No effect modifications were observed for allergic sensitization.Conclusion
Our results suggest that the risk of early childhood wheeze associated with early maternal smoking may be modified by TNF and GSTP1 polymorphisms. Cite this as: S. Panasevich, C. Lindgren, J. Kere, M. Wickman, G. Pershagen, F. Nyberg and E. Melén, Clinical & Experimental Allergy, 2010 (40) 458–467.
The role of protease‐activated receptors PAR‐1 and PAR‐2 in the repair of 16HBE 14o−epithelial cell monolayersin vitro
Authors: Ewen D. , Clarke S.L. , Smith J.R. , Berger C. , Salmon G. , Trevethick M. , Shute J.K. 
Published: February 2010

SummaryBackgroundWe recently reported that repair following mechanical wounding of epithelial cell layersin vitrois dependent on fibrin formation and the activity of locally expressed coagulation cascade proteins. Serine proteases of the coagulation cascade are an important group of protease‐activated receptor (PAR) activators and PAR‐1 to 4 are expressed by the normal bronchial epithelium.ObjectiveWe tested the hypothesis that activation of PAR‐1 and PAR‐2 by coagulation cascade proteases stimulates epithelial repair via effects on fibrin formation.MethodsUsing mechanically wounded 16HBE 14o−epithelial cell layers in culture, we investigated the effect of PAR‐1 and PAR‐2 agonist peptides, control partially scrambled peptides and PAR‐neutralizing antibodies on the rate of repair and fibrin formation. Coagulation factors in culture supernatants were measured by immunoblot. RT‐PCR was used to investigate PAR‐1, PAR‐2 and PGE2 receptor (EP‐1 to EP‐4) expression in this model and qRT‐PCR to quantify responses to wounding. Additionally, we investigated the effect of exogenously added factor Xa (FXa) and neutrophil elastase and the influence of PGE2 and indomethacin on the repair response.ResultsPAR‐1 and PAR‐2 peptide agonists stimulated the rate of repair and enhanced the formation of a fibrin provisional matrix to support the repair process. Conversely, PAR‐neutralizing antibodies inhibited repair. Under serum‐free culture conditions, 16HBE 14o−cells expressed EP‐2 and EP‐3, but not EP‐1 or EP‐4, receptors. Wounding induced an increased expression of EP‐3 but did not alter EP‐2, PAR‐1 or PAR‐2 expression. In the absence of PAR agonists, there was no evidence for a role for PGE2 in fibrin formation or the repair process. Indomethacin attenuated fibrin formation in wounded cultures only in the presence of the PAR‐2 peptide. FXa stimulated epithelial repair while neutrophil elastase reduced the levels of coagulation factors and inhibited repair.ConclusionLocally expressed serine proteases of the coagulation cascade activate PAR‐1 and PAR‐2 to enhance fibrin formation and bronchial epithelial repair.Cite this as: D. Ewen, S.L. Clarke, J.R. Smith, C. Berger, G. Salmon, M. Trevethick and J.K. Shute,Clinical & Experimental Allergy, 2010 (40) 435–449.