bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fungal Als proteins hijack host death effector domains to promote inflammasome signaling
Authors: Zhou Tingting , Solis Norma V. , Marshall Michaela , Yao Qing , Pearlman Eric , Filler Scott G. , Liu Haoping 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
High-damaging Candida albicans strains tend to form hyphae and exacerbate intestinal inflammation in ulcerative colitis patients through IL-1β-dependent mechanisms. Fungal agglutinin-like sequence (Als) proteins worsen DSS-induced colitis in mouse models. FADD and caspase-8 are important regulators of gut homeostasis and inflammation. However, whether they link directly to fungal proteins is not fully understood. Here, we report that Als proteins induce IL-1β release in immune cells. We show that hyphal Als3 is internalized in macrophages and interacts with caspase-8 and the inflammasome adaptor apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC). Caspase-8 is essential for Als3-mediated ASC oligomerization and IL-1β processing. In non-immune cells, Als3 is associated with cell death core components FADD and caspase-8. N-terminal Als3 (N-Als3) expressed in Jurkat cells partially inhibits apoptosis. Mechanistically, N-Als3 promotes oligomerization of FADD and caspase-8 through their death effector domains (DEDs). N-Als3 variants with a mutation in the peptide-binding cavity or amyloid-forming region are impaired in DED oligomerization. Together, these results demonstrate that DEDs are intracellular sensors of Als3. This study identifies additional potential targets to control hypha-induced inflammation.
Contextual subspace variational quantum eigensolver calculation of the dissociation curve of molecular nitrogen on a superconducting quantum computer
Authors: Weaving Tim , Ralli Alexis , Love Peter J. , Succi Sauro , Coveney Peter V. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We present an experimental demonstration of the Contextual Subspace Variational Quantum Eigensolver on superconducting hardware. Calculating the potential energy curve of molecular nitrogen proves challenging for many conventional quantum chemistry techniques, since static correlation dominates in the dissociation limit. Our quantum simulations retain good agreement with the Full Configuration Interaction energy, outperforming all benchmarked single-reference wavefunction techniques in capturing the bond-breaking appropriately. Moreover, our methodology is competitive with multiconfigurational approaches but at a saving of quantum resource, meaning larger active spaces can be treated for a fixed qubit allowance. To achieve this result, we deploy an error mitigation/suppression strategy comprised of Dynamical Decoupling, Measurement-Error Mitigation and Zero-Noise Extrapolation. Circuit parallelization also provides passive noise-averaging and improves the effective shot yield to reduce the measurement overhead. Furthermore, we introduce a modified adaptive ansatz construction algorithm that incorporates hardware awareness into our variational circuits, minimizing the transpilation cost for the target qubit topology.
An expanded database of high-resolution MS/MS spectra for lichen-derived natural products
Authors: Bracegirdle Joe , Elix John A. , Mawalagedera Udayangani , Chooi Yit-Heng , Gueidan Cécile 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The history of lichen compound identification has long relied on techniques such as spot tests and TLC, which have been surpassed in sensitivity and accuracy by modern metabolomic techniques such as high-resolution MS/MS. In 2019, Olivier-Jimenez et al. released the Lichen DataBase (LDB), a library containing the Q-TOF MS/MS spectra of 251 metabolites on the MetaboLights and GNPS platforms, that has been widely used for the identification of lichen-derived unknowns. To increase the compound coverage, we have generated the Orbitrap MS/MS spectra of a further 534 lichen-derived compounds from the metabolite library of Jack Elix, housed at the CANB herbarium (Canberra, Australia). This included 399 unique metabolites that are not in the LDB, bringing the total number combined to 650. Technical validation was achieved by investigating the compounds in three Australian lichen extracts using the Library Search and Molecular Networking tools on the GNPS platform. This update provides a much larger database for lichen compound identification, which we envisage will allow refining the lichen chemotaxonomy framework and contribute to compound discovery.
Association between Mexican vaccination schemes and the duration of long COVID syndrome symptoms
Authors: Rodriguez-Torres Juan Francisco , Romero-Ibarguengoitia Maria Elena , Garza-Silva Arnulfo , Rivera-Cavazos Andrea , Hurtado-Cabrera Mauricio , Kalife-Assad Ricardo , Villarreal-Parra Diana Liz , Loose-Esparza Alejandro , Gutierrez-Arias Juan José , Mata-Porras Yaressi Guadalupe , Ojeda-Salazar Daniela Abigail , Morales-Rodriguez Devany Paola , Sanz-Sánchez Miguel Ángel , Gonzalez-Cantú Arnulfo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic had a profound global impact, characterized by a high fatality rate and the emergence of enduring consequences known as Long COVID. Our study sought to gauge the prevalence of Long COVID syndrome in northeastern Mexico, correlating it with patients' comorbidities and vaccination records. We carried out an observational cross-sectional approach, by administering a comprehensive questionnaire covering patients’ medical history, demographics, vaccination status, COVID-related symptoms, their duration, and any treatment received. Our participant cohort included 804 patients, averaging 41.5 (SD 13.6) years in age, with 59.3% being women. Notably, 168 individuals (20.9%) met Long COVID criteria. Our analysis of COVID-19 long lasting compared vaccination schemes, unveiling a significant difference between vaccinated and unvaccinated groups (p =  < 0.001). Through linear regression model, we found male gender (β = − 0.588, p < 0.001) and vaccination status (β = 0.221, p = 0.015) acted as protective factors against Long COVID symptom duration, while higher BMI was a risk factor (β = − 0.131, p = 0.026). We saw that the duration of Long COVID was different within vaccinated patients, and we did not find any association of comorbidities with an increase in the presence of symptoms. Even three years after the pandemic, a significant prevalence of Long COVID persists, and there is still a lack of standardized information and any possible treatment regarding this condition.
UPLC-qTOF-MS/MS profiling of phenolic compounds in Fagonia arabica L. and evaluation of their cholinesterase inhibition potential through in-vitro and in-silico approaches
Authors: Badawy Sarah A. , Hassan Ahmed R. , Abu Bakr Marwa S. , Mohammed Abd El-Salam I. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Fagonia arabica L. is a widely used traditional medicinal herb. This study explored the flavonoid and phenolic acid content in the aerial parts of F. arabica, leading to the tentative identification of 42 compounds using Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass/Mass Spectrometry and analyzed with the phytochemical-focused RIKEN tandem mass spectral database (ReSpect) for identification based on authentic standards. The total phenolic and flavonoid content was measured in the ethyl acetate and butanol fractions. The flavonoid content in the ethyl acetate fraction was 101 ± 1.43 µg Rutin/mg, compared to 6.48 ± 0.29 µg rutin/mg in the butanol fraction. Similarly, the ethyl acetate fraction contained 199.14 ± 1.58 µg gallic acid/mg, while the butanol fraction had 47.69 ± 0.54 µg gallic acid/mg. Also, the study demonstrated the effectiveness of the different fractions of Fagonia arabica L. in inhibiting the butyrylcholinesterase enzyme, which is a key contributor to the progression of Alzheimer’s disease. At a concentration of 0.45 mg/mL, the ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest efficiency, inhibiting butyrylcholinesterase by 50% (IC50). Based on the in vitro results, a molecular docking study suggested the selectivity of the tentatively identified compounds towards butyrylcholinesterase over acetylcholinesterase, as kaempferol-3-O-glucoside achieved the highest selectivity. This insight could inform potential modifications to enhance selectivity, which may be applied in the synthesis, semi-synthesis, and development of novel treatments for Alzheimer’s disease.
Long-term social memory of mate copying in Drosophila melanogaster is localized in mushroom bodies
Authors: Nöbel Sabine , Danchin Etienne , Isabel Guillaume 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Long-term social memory (LTSM) is a key feature to elicit the cultural inheritance of behaviour independently of genetics. However, the neurobiological basis of LTSM remains largely unknown. We previously used the Drosophila animal model, which is known to perform mate copying through observational learning of the mate choice of conspecifics to show that the expression of the rutabaga gene, a calcium/calmodulin-dependent adenylyl cyclase (AC-Rut+) that acts as a coincidence detector enabling associative learning, is necessary and sufficient in the γ-Kenyon cells (KCs) of the mushroom bodies (MBs). Here, we show that the expression of AC-Rut+ in both the γ- and the α/β-KCs is required for LTSM involving de novo protein synthesis in a mate-copying context, whether using demonstrations involving real flies or involving pictures of copulating conspecifics. Thus, pathways of short- and long-term memory show considerable overlap in the MBs across social vs. asocial learning contexts.
Non-verbal cues in eyewitness testimonies do not predict accuracy or credibility assessments
Authors: Raver Arman , Lindholm Torun , Alm Charlotte 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Non-verbal behaviour, such as facial expressions and body language, plays a critical role in assessments of witnesses’ credibility that inform legal decisions in cases involving crime. While prior research has primarily focused on associations between non-verbal cues and deception, this study investigates the relation between non-verbal cues and recall memory accuracy in honestly reported mock eyewitness testimonies. Using a sample of 36 video-recorded eyewitness testimonies about a violent crime (n = 680 statements), we examined whether non-verbal cues were associated with statement accuracy (correct vs. incorrect), witness credibility as rated by independent observers, and witnesses’ self-reported confidence. Additionally, we explored whether these associations differed for native vs. non-native speaking witnesses. Results revealed no associations between non-verbal cues and statement accuracy or perceived credibility. Furthermore, while non-native speakers were perceived as less credible, these perceptions were not related to non-verbal cues. Our findings contradict common beliefs by showing that non-verbal behaviour is not reliably related to accuracy or perceived credibility in eyewitness testimonies, highlighting the need for caution in their use in high-stakes legal contexts.
Dating in Stuttering Therapy: A Framework for Practice
Authors: Johnson Monica L. , Medina Angela M. 
Published: February 2025

Purpose:
The focus of this article is to explore the intricacies of dating for people who stutter and integrate this aspect of life into therapy. Furthermore, this article aims to provide a framework for practice from which speech-language pathologists can incorporate the communicative context of dating into the lives of people who stutter on their caseloads.

Method:
We introduce Knapp's (1978) theoretical process of initiation and maintaining intimate relationships and lay out a framework to guide clinicians through incorporating dating into our provision of services for people who stutter.

Conclusions:
This article champions clinicians who enhance their practices by supporting communication for adults who stutter and are interested in beginning or maintaining intimate relationships. We present guidance for clinicians to enhance their practices by providing therapeutic opportunities for determining when and where in their lives people who stutter exercise therapeutic strategies. Overall, the social communicative lives of people who stutter, including dating, are a matter to be addressed by our expertise in the profession's focus on facilitating and supporting successful communication.
Intermediate-mass stars and the origin of the gas-giant planet-metallicity correlation
Authors: Maldonado J. , Mirouh G. M. , Mendigutía I. , Montesinos B. , Gragera-Más J. L. , Villaver E. 
Published: February 2025

Context. Currently, the number of known planets around intermediate-mass stars (1.5 M⊙ < M⋆ < 3.5 M⊙) is rather low. As a consequence, models of planet formation derive their strongest observational evidence from the chemical signature of mostly low-mass (FGK) main-sequence (MS) stars with planets.
Aims. We aim to test whether the well-known correlation between the metallicity of the star and the presence of gas-giant planets found for MS low-mass stars still holds for intermediate-mass stars. In particular, we aim to understand whether or not the planet-metallicity relation changes as stars evolve from the pre-MS to the red giant branch.
Methods. We compiled the basic stellar parameters (metallicity, mass, and age) of a sample of intermediate-mass stars at different evolutionary phases with and without evidence suggesting that they host gas-giant planets. The metallicities of the different susbsamples were compared and set in the context of current models of planet formation and stellar evolution.
Results. Our results confirm that pre-MS stars with transitional discs with gaps show lower metallicities than pre-MS ones with flat discs. We show a tendency of intermediate-mass stars in the MS to follow the gas-giant planet-metallicity correlation, although the differences in metal content between planet and non-planet hosts are rather modest and the strength of the correlation is significantly lower than for the less massive FGK MS stars. For stars in the red giant branch, we find a strong planet-metallicity correlation, compatible with that found for FGK MS stars. We discuss how the evolution of the mass in the convective zone of the star’s interior might affect the measured metallicity of the star. In particular, if the planet-metallicity correlation were of a primordial origin, one would expect it to be stronger for less massive stars, as they are longer convective during the stellar evolution. However, within our sample, we find the opposite.
Conclusions. The lack of a well-established planet-metallicity correlation in pre-MS and MS intermediate-mass stars can be explained by a scenario in which planet formation leads to an accretion of metal-poor material on the surface of the star. As intermediate-mass stars are mainly radiative, the metallicity of the star does not reflect its bulk composition but the composition of the accreted material. When the star leaves the MS and develops a sizeable convective envelope, a strong-planet metallicity correlation is recovered. Thus, our results are in line with core-accretion models of planet formation and the idea that the planet-metallicity correlation reflects a bulk property of the star.
Mg-MOF-74: A novel material for adsorption and detection of toxic gases
Authors: Adhikari Dipak , Karki Ravi , Adhikari Kapil , Pantha Nurapati 
Published: February 2025

This study investigated the adsorption characteristics of toxic gases such as CO, H2S, SO2, NH3, and NOx (x = 1,2) on Mg-MOF-74 using the framework of density functional theory as implemented in the Gaussian-09 and Quantum ESPRESSO suites of the programs. The result of the study revealed that these molecules and Mg-MOF-74 have adsorption interactions. CO, H2S, and NH3 molecules interact with MOF through physisorption, whereas SO2, NO, and NO2 molecules interact through chemisorption. In addition, the potential application of Mg-MOF-74 as an appropriate sensor for detecting these gas molecules is investigated by analyzing the HOMO–LUMO gap, density of states, and frontier molecular orbitals of both the MOF and gas molecules. The findings revealed that the HOMO–LUMO gap of bare MOF is 1.34 eV. The adsorption of CO, H2S, or NH3 molecules has no significant effect on the HOMO–LUMO gap of the MOF; however, the adsorption of SO2, NO, and NO2 molecules reduces it by 51% (0.66 eV), 61% (0.52 eV), and 63% (0.49 eV), respectively. This suggests that the electronic properties of Mg-MOF-74 are highly sensitive to the presence of SO2, NO, and NO2 gas molecules, which will be immensely helpful to researchers who are creating nano-electric circuits to detect toxic gases.
Observation of Topological Nodal-Ring Phonons in Monolayer Hexagonal Boron Nitride
Authors: Tao 陶 Zhiyu 志禹 , Wang 王 Yani 雅妮 , He 何 Shuyi 舒怡 , Li 李 Jiade 佳德 , Xue 薛 Siwei 思玮 , Su 苏 Zhibin 智斌 , Sun 孙 Jiatao 家涛 , Peng 彭 Hailin 海琳 , Guo 郭 Jiandong 建东 , Zhu 朱 Xuetao 学涛 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Topological physics has evolved from its initial focus on fermionic systems to the exploration of bosonic systems, particularly phononic excitations in crystalline materials. Two-dimensional (2D) topological phonons emerge as promising candidates for future technological applications. Currently, experimental verification of 2D topological phonons has remained exclusively limited to graphene, a constraint that hinders their applications in phononic devices. Here, we report experimental evidence of topological phonons in monolayer hexagonal boron nitride using advanced high-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy. Our high-precision measurements explicitly demonstrate two topological nodal rings in monolayer hexagonal boron nitride, protected by mirror symmetry, expanding the paradigm of 2D topological phonons beyond graphene. This research not only deepens fundamental understanding of 2D topological phonons, but also establishes a phononic device platform based on wide-bandgap insulators, crucial for advancements in electronics and photonics applications.
Odd parity gravitational waves in modified Bianchi I cosmology
Authors: Kamal Arsal , Manzoor Rubab , Aydogdu Oktay , Salti Mustafa , Siddiqa Aisha 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this study, we primarily examine the behavior of axial (odd parity) gravitational waves (GWs) in an initially Bianchi Type-I Universe, with a particular focus on the influence of a scalar field within the framework of

f
(
R
,

T

ψ

)

theory. To this end, we employ the Regge–Wheeler perturbation framework, with a particular emphasis on the axial mode. Using these axial perturbations, we derive the perturbed field equations after formulating the field equations for the unperturbed cosmological model. Our results indicate that the scalar field primarily influences the temporal components of the perturbations, whereas the spatial components exhibit sinusoidal wave-like behavior. These findings provide new insights into the interplay between scalar fields and GWs, with potential implications for understanding the dynamics of the early Universe and testing modified gravity theories.
Quantum curved tetrahedron, quantum group intertwiner space, and coherent states
Authors: Hsiao Chen-Hung , Pan Qiaoyin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this paper, we construct the phase space of a constantly curved tetrahedron with fixed triangle areas in terms of a pair of Darboux coordinates called the length and twist coordinates, which are in analogy to the Fenchel–Nielsen coordinates for flat connections, and their quantization. The curvature is identified to the value of the cosmological constant, either positive or negative. The physical Hilbert space is given by the

U

q

(

s

u

(
2
)
)

intertwiner space. We show that the quantum trace of quantum monodromies, defining the quantum length operators, form a fusion algebra and describe their representation theory. We also construct the coherent states in the physical Hilbert space labeled by the length and twist coordinates. These coherent states describe quantum curved tetrahedra and peak at points of the tetrahedron phase space. This work is closely related to 3+1 dimensional loop quantum gravity with a non-vanishing cosmological constant. The coherent states constructed herein serve as good candidates for the application to the spinfoam model with a cosmological constant.
Heat capacities and thermodynamic geometry in deformed Jackiw–Teitelboim gravity
Authors: Babaei-Aghbolagh H , Mirjalali Mirmani , Mahdavian Yekta Davood , Babaei Velni Komeil , Mohammadzadeh Hosein 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this paper, we will study some thermodynamic features and phase structure of charged AdS black holes in deformed Jackiw–Teitelboim (dJT) gravity. We find the values of temperature, entropy and electric charge at the critical inflection points of the corresponding solutions. In addition, we compute the heat capacity as thermal stability parameter along with the expansion coefficient and isothermal compressibility as thermodynamic response functions in dJT model. It is shown that they are divergent at the critical points of the isocharge curves and satisfy the Ehrenfest’s equations which discloses this fact that the phase transition at the critical points is of second order. In the context of thermodynamic geometry, we also compute the state scalar curvature, R, of these black holes following three practical methods; Weinhold, Ruppeiner and New thermodynamic geometry. This provides more insights into the behavior and significance of the scalar curvature near the critical points of charged AdS black holes in dJT theory, analogous to that for conventional critical phenomena.
Evidence for Planck luminosity bound in quantum gravity
Authors: Wieland Wolfgang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Recently, we introduced a non-perturbative quantization of impulsive gravitational null initial data. In this note, we investigate an immediate physical implication of the model. One of the quantum numbers is the total luminosity carried to infinity. We show that a transition happens when the luminosity reaches the Planck power

L

P

. Below

L

P

, the spectrum of the radiated power is discrete. Above the Planck power, the spectrum is continuous. A physical state that lies in the continuous spectrum consists of a superposition of kinematical states in which the shear is unbounded from above. We argue that such states are unphysical because they contain caustics that are in conflict with the falloff conditions at asymptotic infinity.