bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CONFORMITY IN THE DECISION TO BUY BIKE ACCESSORIES AND SPARE PARTS FOR ADULT AGE CYCLISTS
Authors: Kirana Garda Sukma , Firdausi Naura Nuha , Aziz Dzulchilda Khoirunnisa , Noveni Nia Anggri 
Published: May 2024

The current needs of cyclists, which have now become part of their lifestyle, are accessories and spare parts. One of the reasons someone decides to buy something is due to the influence of conformity. The purpose of this study is to predict the contribution of conformity behavior to the decision to purchase bicycle accessories and spare parts. This research uses a quantitative method with a simple regression analysis. The scales used are the conformity scale and the purchase decision scale. The sampling technique used in this is the purposive sampling technique. The population in this study consists of adult cyclists (21–60 years old), for a total of 83 participants. Based on the analysis of data collected from the conformity scale and purchase decision scale, then processed using SPSS version 26, it was found that the significance value of conformity and purchase decision is 0.00 (p= < 0.05), which means conformity significantly influences purchase decisions. However, this influence occurs negatively. Meanwhile, the contribution of conformity to purchase decisions is 16.9%. Based on the research results, it is shown that adult cyclists exhibit conformity behavior, and this conformity behavior negatively influences the decision to purchase bicycle accessories and spare parts. This finding is noteworthy because conformity is commonly found in adolescents, while adulthood is generally referred to as "trial and error" behavior, but this time conformity behavior is found in adults. The reason conformity only slightly influences purchase decisions may be because there are still many other factors influencing purchase decisions, such as self-concept, product quality, product branding, lifestyle, attitudes or evaluations of products, and income.
Analysis of Road Drainage Capacity of Developing Industrial Area in Karawang
Authors: Amanda Sely Audi , Sudjatmiko Eddy Triyanto 
Published: May 2024

<p class="Abstract"><span lang="EN-US">Karawang district was formerly known as a rice barn in West Java. But now, this area has become one of Indonesia's largest industrial districts. Its great potential increases the community’s demand for business places. Therefore, the high activity of an area must be balanced with the fulfillment of infrastructure facilities. In maintaining adequate road conditions, it is necessary to provide an integrated drainage system between the road drainage system and the drainage system of the surrounding area. This paper is objective which is to evaluate the capacity and performance of existing road drainage channel. As the land use changes, it’s crucial to evaluate the increase rainfall water runoff. By collects and evaluating recent rainfall data and hydrological analysis using the Normal, Gumbel, Log Normal, and Log Pearson III methods to determine the design rainfall in South Karawang. The results of rain data processing obtained by the selected parameters test method are the Log Pearson III with 10-years of rainfall design 141.26 mm. After conducting capacity evaluation, the results show that the existing channels that serve the area (<em>A</em>) of 8.37 ha with the runoff coefficient (<em>C</em>) of 0.89 are needs to be increases to accommodate the surface rainfall water runoff discharge of, <em>Q</em> = 3.26 m<sup>3</sup>/s. Thus, a precast concrete U-Ditch of 1200 x 1400 mm will provide effective 400 mm of freeboard, <em>W</em>, and 0.5% as channel slope (<em>s</em>) is designed with channel discharge (<em>Q<sub>channel</sub></em>) of 3.39 m<sup>3</sup>/s to accommodate the needs of current conditions.</span></p>
The Environmental Sustainability Potential of Autonomous Vehicles: An Overview
Authors: Szűcs Herman , Szűcs Jozefin 
Published: May 2024

The optimization of transportation systems and the integration of autonomous vehicles (AV) are significantly transforming urban mobility and exerting outstanding effects from an environmental perspective. This article examines the possibilities of autonomous vehicles in reducing traffic congestion, emissions, and energy consumption. The optimized driving style of AVs, dynamic route planning, and enhanced intersection systems have a profound impact on emission reduction. The article also delves into current development trends and challenges, encompassing advancements in AV sensing technologies, traffic safety, and cybersecurity. These findings collectively suggest that the deployment of autonomous vehicles brings substantial benefits to sustainable urban mobility; however, further development is necessary to support the widespread adoption of AVs and strengthen societal trust.
Feasibility and greenhouse gas emissions of timber structures in solar photovoltaic carport construction
Authors: Ranta Samuli , Akulenko Elena , Huerta Hugo , Wang Shuo , Jouttijärvi Sami , Miettunen Kati 
Published: May 2024

This contribution focuses on reducing the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of solar photovoltaic (PV) carport structures by replacing carbon-intensive steel with a wood-based material. There is a growing need for PV systems that are suitable for urban environments where the lack of roof spaces and open land limits the use of traditional PV installations. To date, PV carports have been mainly constructed with steel, which has a high carbon footprint and can be considered aesthetically unattractive. Wood structures, on the other hand, could act as carbon storage and thus reduce the GHG emissions of the whole system. Emissions and costs of supporting structures for PV systems have received very little attention, and there is virtually no literature specific to them. This study compares wood-based glued laminated timber (GLT) structures with conventional steel structures by investigating the GHG emissions and economic feasibility. The simulated 485 kWp system with wooden structures yielded base-case lifetime GHG emissions of 11.3 g CO2 eq/kWh in Turku Finland (60°N), and 8.2 g CO2 eq/kWh in Dijon France (47° N), representing a 48% lower value compared to systems with steel structures. Furthermore, wooden structures were competitive in terms of costs, being approximately 25% cheaper. Thus, wooden structures provide a very attractive way to make infrastructure integrated PV more sustainable.
Associated factors of diabetic retinopathy in type 1 and 2 diabetes in Limpopo province in South Africa
Authors: Maluleke Khisimusi Debree , Ntimana Cairo Bruce , Mashaba Reneilwe Given , Seakamela Kagiso Peace , Maimela Eric 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundDiabetic retinopathy (DR) is the major cause of vision impairment or blindness in individuals who have diabetes. It has accounted for 2.6% of all cases of blindness, and 1.9% of all cases of vision impairments globally. There is a lack of data on the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and its associated factors amongst diabetic rural populations. Hence, the current study aimed to determine factors associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR) among diabetes mellitus (DM) patients undergoing diabetic therapy.MethodsThe study was cross-sectional in design and the participants were selected using convenient sampling. STATA version 15 software was used for data analysis. Chi-square was used to compare proportions. Logistic regression was used to determine the relationship between DR and associated risk factors.ResultsThe prevalence of DR was 35.3%, of which 32% were mild and 3.4% were moderate non-proliferative DR (NPDR). Females were more unemployed than males (32.1% versus 16.8%, p=0.0058). Males were found to drink alcohol (21.8% versus 1.9%, p&lt;0.001) and smoke cigarettes (4% versus 0.3%, p=0.0034) more than females. Being aged ≥ 55 years (OR: 2.7, 95% CI: 1.6-4.4), with matric qualification (OR: 0.6; 95% CI: 0.4-1.0); employed (OR: 1.4, 95% CI: 1.2-1.6); having high systolic blood pressure (OR=1.4, 95%CI=1.1-1.7) were the independent determinants of DR.ConclusionsThe prevalence of diabetic retinopathy was 34%. DR was determined by high systolic blood pressure, old age, and employment. Although not statistically significant, gender, hyperglycemic state, poor glycemic control, smoking, and increased body mass index (BMI) were associated with increased risk of developing DR.
Association analysis between Acetyl-Coenzyme A Acyltransferase-1 gene polymorphism and growth traits in Xiangsu pigs
Authors: Xiao Meimei , Ruan Yong , Huang Jiajin , Dai Lingang , Xu Jiali , Xu Houqiang 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionAcetyl-Coenzyme A Acyltransferase-1 (ACAA1) is a peroxisomal acyltransferase involved in fatty acid metabolism. Current evidence does not precisely reveal the effect of the ACAA1 gene on pig growth performance.MethodsThe present study assessed the mRNA expression levels of the ACAA1 gene in the heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney of 6-month-old Xiangsu pigs and in the longissimus dorsi muscle at different growth stages (newborn, 6 months and 12 months of age) using RT-qPCR. The relationship between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of ACAA1 gene and growth traits in 6-month-old and 12-month-old Xiangsu pigs was investigated on 184 healthy Xiangsu pigs using Sanger sequencing.ResultsThe ACAA1 gene was expressed in heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, and longissimus dorsi muscle of 6-month-old pigs, with the highest level of expression in the liver. ACAA1 gene expression in the longissimus dorsi muscle decreased with age (p &lt; 0.01). In addition, four SNPs were identified in the ACAA1 gene, including exon g.48810 A&gt;G (rs343060194), intron g.51546 T&gt;C (rs319197012), exon g.55035 T&gt;C (rs333279910), and exon g.55088 C&gt;T (rs322138947). Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p &gt; 0.05) was found for the four SNPs, and linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis revealed a strong LD between g.55035 T&gt;C (rs333279910) and g.55088 C&gt;T (rs322138947) (r2 = 1.000). Association analysis showed that g.48810 A&gt;G (rs343060194), g.51546 T&gt;C (rs319197012), g.55035 T&gt;C (rs333279910), and g.55088 C&gt;T (rs322138947) varied in body weight, body length, body height, abdominal circumference, leg and hip circumference and living backfat thickness between 6-month-old and 12-month-old Xiangsu pigs.ConclusionThese findings strongly demonstrate that the ACAA1 gene can be exploited for marker-assisted selection to improve growth-related phenotypes in Xiangsu pigs and present new candidate genes for molecular pig breeding.
Characterization of intestinal mononuclear phagocyte subsets in young ruminants at homeostasis and during Cryptosporidium parvum infection
Authors: Baillou Ambre , Tomal Florian , Chaumeil Thierry , Barc Céline , Levern Yves , Sausset Alix , Pezier Tiffany , Schulthess Julie , Peltier-Pain Pauline , Laurent Fabrice , Lacroix-Lamandé Sonia 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionCryptosporidiosis is a poorly controlled zoonosis caused by an intestinal parasite, Cryptosporidium parvum, with a high prevalence in livestock (cattle, sheep, and goats). Young animals are particularly susceptible to this infection due to the immaturity of their intestinal immune system. In a neonatal mouse model, we previously demonstrated the importance of the innate immunity and particularly of type 1 conventional dendritic cells (cDC1) among mononuclear phagocytes (MPs) in controlling the acute phase of C. parvum infection. These immune populations are well described in mice and humans, but their fine characterization in the intestine of young ruminants remained to be further explored.MethodsImmune cells of the small intestinal Peyer’s patches and of the distal jejunum were isolated from naive lambs and calves at different ages. This was followed by their fine characterization by flow cytometry and transcriptomic analyses (q-RT-PCR and single cell RNAseq (lamb cells)). Newborn animals were infected with C. parvum, clinical signs and parasite burden were quantified, and isolated MP cells were characterized by flow cytometry in comparison with age matched control animals.ResultsHere, we identified one population of macrophages and three subsets of cDC (cDC1, cDC2, and a minor cDC subset with migratory properties) in the intestine of lamb and calf by phenotypic and targeted gene expression analyses. Unsupervised single-cell transcriptomic analysis confirmed the identification of these four intestinal MP subpopulations in lamb, while highlighting a deeper diversity of cell subsets among monocytic and dendritic cells. We demonstrated a weak proportion of cDC1 in the intestine of highly susceptible newborn lambs together with an increase of these cells within the first days of life and in response to the infection.DiscussionConsidering cDC1 importance for efficient parasite control in the mouse model, one may speculate that the cDC1/cDC2 ratio plays also a key role for the efficient control of C. parvum in young ruminants. In this study, we established the first fine characterization of intestinal MP subsets in young lambs and calves providing new insights for comparative immunology of the intestinal MP system across species and for future investigations on host–Cryptosporidium interactions in target species.
The effect of selenium supplementation on oxidative stress, clinical and physiological symptoms in patients with migraine: a double-blinded randomized clinical trial
Authors: Balali Arghavan , Sadeghi Omid , Khorvash Fariborz , Rouhani Mohammad Hossein , Askari Gholamreza 
Published: May 2024

Background and AimThe present double-blinded randomized clinical trial aimed to investigate the effect of selenium supplementation on oxidative stress, clinical, and physiological symptoms in patients with migraine.MethodsIn total, 72 patients with migraine were randomly assigned to receive either 200 μg/day selenium (n = 36) or placebo (n = 36) for 12 weeks. Clinical traits of migraine (e.g., severity, frequency, and duration of headaches), mental health indices (e.g., depression, anxiety, and distress), quality of life, biomarkers of oxidative stress (e.g., nitric oxide [NO], malondialdehyde [MDA], total antioxidant capacity [TAC], total oxidant status [TOS]), and anthropometric indices were assessed at baseline and at the end of the study.ResultsSelenium supplementation resulted in a significant reduction in NO (−1.24 ± 0.43 vs. 0.16 ± 0.43; p = 0.03) levels and a significant increase in TAC (9.89 ± 2.50 vs. −0.18 ± 2.50; p = 0.01) compared to the placebo group. Moreover, selenium supplementation had a significant protective effect against MDA levels compared to placebo (0.33 ± 0.57 vs. 1.83 ± 0.57; p = 0.03). In addition, selenium intake was associated with a lower headache frequency (−8.15 ± 0.77 vs. −4.12 ± 0.77; p &lt; 0.001) and severity (−2.89 ± 0.42 vs. −1.16 ± 0.42; p = 0.01) as well as a lower Headache Impact Test-6 (HIT-6) score (−9.22 ± 2.00 vs. −2.08 ± 2.00; p = 0.02) compared to the controls. For other outcome variables, we found no significant effect.ConclusionSelenium supplement may be considered a complementary therapy in patients with migraine due to its beneficial effects on oxidative stress and migraine symptoms. Further studies are needed to affirm our findings.Clinical Trial Registration: This study was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (https://www.irct.ir) on 27 May 2023 with code number of IRCT20121216011763N60.
The risk of endocrine immune-related adverse events induced by PD-1 inhibitors in cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhao Pengfei , Zhao Ting , Yu Lihong , Ma Wenming , Liu Wenyu , Zhang Chenning 
Published: May 2024

ObjectiveEndocrinopathies are the most common immune-related adverse events (irAEs) observed during therapy with PD-1 inhibitors. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the risk of immune-related endocrinopathies in patients treated with PD-1 inhibitors.MethodsWe performed a systematic search in the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases to retrieve all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving PD-1 inhibitors, spanning from their inception to November 24, 2023. The comparative analysis encompassed patients undergoing chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or receiving placebo as control treatments. This study protocol has been registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023488303).ResultsA total of 48 clinical trials comprising 24,514 patients were included. Compared with control groups, patients treated with PD-1 inhibitors showed an increased risk of immune-related adverse events, including hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, hypophysitis, thyroiditis, diabetes mellitus, and adrenal insufficiency. Pembrolizumab was associated with an increased risk of all aforementioned endocrinopathies (hypothyroidism: RR=4.76, 95%CI: 3.55-6.39; hyperthyroidism: RR=9.69, 95%CI: 6.95-13.52; hypophysitis: RR=5.47, 95%CI: 2.73-10.97; thyroiditis: RR=5.95, 95%CI: 3.02-11.72; diabetes mellitus: RR=3.60, 95%CI: 1.65-7.88; adrenal insufficiency: RR=4.80, 95%CI: 2.60-8.88). Nivolumab was associated with an increased risk of hypothyroidism (RR=7.67, 95%CI: 5.00-11.75) and hyperthyroidism (RR=9.22, 95%CI: 4.71-18.04). Tislelizumab and sintilimab were associated with an increased risk of hypothyroidism (RR=19.07, 95%CI: 5.46-66.69 for tislelizumab and RR=18.36, 95%CI: 3.58-94.21 for sintilimab). For different tumor types, both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism were at high risks. Besides, patients with non-small cell lung cancer were at a higher risk of thyroiditis and adrenal insufficiency. Patients with melanoma were at a higher risk of hypophysitis and diabetes mellitus. Both low- and high-dose group increased risks of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism.ConclusionRisk of endocrine irAEs may vary in different PD-1 inhibitors and different tumor types. Increased awareness and understanding of the risk features of endocrine irAEs associated with PD-1 inhibitors is critical for clinicians.Systematic review registrationcrd.york.ac.uk/prospero, identifier PROSPERO (CRD42023488303).
Trend analysis and age-period-cohort effects on morbidity and mortality of liver cancer from 2010 to 2020 in Guangzhou, China
Authors: Wang Dedong , Hu Xiangzhi , Xu Huan , Chen Yuanyuan , Wang Suixiang , Lin Guozhen , Yang Lei , Chen Jinbin , Zhang Lin , Qin Pengzhe , Wu Di , Liang Boheng 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionLiver cancer is one of the most common malignant gastrointestinal tumors worldwide. This study intends to provide insight into the epidemiological characteristics and development trends of liver cancer incidence and mortality from 2010 to 2020 in Guangzhou, China.MethodsData were collected from the Cancer Registry and Reporting Office of Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Cross-sectional study, Joinpoint regression (JPR) model, and Age-Period-Cohort (APC) model were conducted to analyze the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) and age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) trend of liver cancer among the entire study period.ResultsThe age-standardized incidence and mortality of liver cancer in Guangzhou showed an overall decreasing trend. The disparity in risk of morbidity and mortality between the two sexes for liver cancer is increasing. The cohort effect was the most significant among those born in 1965~1969, and the risk of liver cancer incidence and mortality in the total population increased and then decreased with the birth cohort. Compared with the birth cohort born in 1950~1954 (the reference cohort), the risk of liver cancer incidence and mortality in the males born in 1995~1999 decreased by 32% and 41%, respectively, while the risk in the females decreased by 31% and 32%, respectively.ConclusionsThe early detection, prevention, clinical diagnosis, and treatment of liver cancer in Guangzhou have made remarkable achievements in recent years. However, the risk of liver cancer in the elderly and the middle-aged males is still at a high level. Therefore, the publicity of knowledge related to the prevention and treatment of liver cancer among the relevant population groups should be actively carried out to enhance the rate of early diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer and to advocate a healthier lifestyle.
Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling to predict the pharmacokinetics of codeine in different CYP2D6 phenotypes
Authors: Yang Yujie , Zhang Xiqian , Wang Yirong , Xi Heng , Xu Min , Zheng Liang 
Published: May 2024

ObjectivesCodeine, a prodrug used as an opioid agonist, is metabolized to the active product morphine by CYP2D6. This study aimed to establish physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models of codeine and morphine and explore the influence of CYP2D6 genetic polymorphisms on the pharmacokinetics of codeine and morphine.MethodsAn initial PBPK modeling of codeine in healthy adults was established using PK-Sim® software and subsequently extrapolated to CYP2D6 phenotype-related PBPK modeling based on the turnover frequency (Kcat) of CYP2D6 for different phenotype populations (UM, EM, IM, and PM). The mean fold error (MFE) and geometric mean fold error (GMFE) methods were used to compare the differences between the predicted and observed values of the pharmacokinetic parameters to evaluate the accuracy of PBPK modeling. The validated models were then used to support dose safety for different CYP2D6 phenotypes.ResultsThe developed and validated CYP2D6 phenotype-related PBPK model successfully predicted codeine and morphine dispositions in different CYP2D6 phenotypes. Compared with EMs, the predicted AUC0-∞ value of morphine was 98.6% lower in PMs, 60.84% lower in IMs, and 73.43% higher in UMs. Morphine plasma exposure in IMs administered 80 mg of codeine was roughly comparable to that in EMs administered 30 mg of codeine. CYP2D6 UMs may start dose titration to achieve an optimal individual regimen and avoid a single dose of over 20 mg. Codeine should not be used in PMs for pain relief, considering its insufficient efficacy.ConclusionPBPK modeling can be applied to explore the dosing safety of codeine and can be helpful in predicting the effect of CYP2D6 genetic polymorphisms on drug–drug interactions (DDIs) with codeine in the future.