bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temperature and soil moisture manipulation yields evidence of drought‐induced pollen limitation in bee‐pollinated squash
Authors: Gambel Jess , Holway David A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractClimate change alters environmental conditions in ways that directly and indirectly affect plants. Flowering plants, for example, modify reproductive allocation in response to heat and drought stress, and such changes can in turn affect pollinator visitation and, ultimately, plant reproduction. Although the individual effects of warming and drought on plant reproductive allocation are well known, these factors may interact to influence reproduction. Here, we conducted a fully crossed temperature by irrigation manipulation in squash (Cucurbita pepo) to test how temperature and soil moisture variation affect pollinator‐mediated reproduction. To tease apart the direct and indirect effects of temperature and soil moisture, we compared hand‐pollinated plants to bee‐pollinated plants and restricted bee foraging (i.e., pollen transfer) to one experimental group per day. Temperature and soil‐moisture limitation acted independently of one another: warming decreased flower size and increased pollen production, whereas the effects of soil‐moisture limitation were uniformly inhibitory. While treatments did not change squash bee (Xenoglossa spp.) behavior, floral visitation by the honey bee (Apis mellifera) increased with temperature in male flowers and decreased with soil moisture in female flowers. Pollen deposition by bees was independent of plant soil moisture, yet reducing soil moisture increased pollen limitation. This result stemmed at least in part from the effects of soil‐moisture limitation on pollen viability; seed set declined with increasing deposition of fluorescent pigment (a proxy for pollen) from plants experiencing decreased soil moisture. These findings suggest that the transfer of lower‐quality pollen from plants experiencing soil‐moisture limitation led to drought‐induced pollen limitation. Similar effects may occur in a wide variety of flowering plant species as climate warming and drought increasingly impact animal‐pollinated systems.
Estimation of electric field inside a neural spheroid by low‐frequency magnetic field exposure
Authors: Saito Atsushi , Shiina Takeo , Sekiba Yoichi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractExposure to time‐varying, low‐frequency and high‐intensity magnetic field (MF) induce electric field (EF) inside the human body, producing stimulus effects such as nerve fiber excitation or synaptic modulation. To measure such stimulus effects by low‐frequency MF exposure in real‐time, we developed a fluorescent recording system using optical fibers that is neither affected by the MF nor affects the MF distribution. In this study, a numerical calculation model composed of voxels with a 6.25 µm spatial resolution was developed. Using this numerical model, we evaluated the distribution of the EF generated inside three‐dimensional neuronal tissue called neural spheroid, under 50 Hz sinusoidal wave, 300 mT (root mean square) uniform MF exposure. We also investigated the influence of the optical fiber on the electric field distribution in neural spheroid. As a result, MF produced an induced EF in the neural spheroid of more than 4 V/m, well above the theoretical threshold of synaptic modulation. These results indicated that our experimental system was suitable for the evaluation of the threshold of stimulus effects using neural spheroid.
Serial cardiac biomarkers, pulmonary artery pressures and traditional parameters of fluid status in relation to prognosis in patients with chronic heart failure: Design and rationale of the BioMEMS study
Authors: Allach Youssra , Barry‐Loncq de Jong Mylene , Clephas Pascal R.D. , van Gent Marco W.F. , Brunner‐La Rocca Hans‐Peter , Szymanski Mariusz K. , van Halm Vokko P. , Handoko M. Louis , Kok Wouter E.M. , Asselbergs Folkert W. , van Kimmenade Roland R.J. , Manintveld Olivier C. , van Mieghem Nicolas M.D.A. , Beeres Saskia L.M.A. , Rienstra Michiel , Post Marco C. , van Heerebeek Loek , Borleffs C. Jan Willem , Tukkie Raymond , Mosterd Arend , Linssen Gerard C.M. , Spee Ruud F. , Emans Mireille E. , Smilde Tom D.J. , van Ramshorst Jan , Kirchhof Charles J.H.J. , Feenema‐Aardema Margriet W. , da Fonseca Carlos A. , van den Heuvel Mieke , Hazeleger Ronald , van Eck J.W. Martijn , Boersma Eric , Kardys Isabella , de Boer Rudolf A. , Brugts Jasper J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimsHeart failure (HF), a global pandemic affecting millions of individuals, calls for adequate predictive guidance for improved therapy. Congestion, a key factor in HF‐related hospitalizations, further underscores the need for timely interventions. Proactive monitoring of intracardiac pressures, guided by pulmonary artery (PA) pressure, offers opportunities for efficient early‐stage intervention, since haemodynamic congestion precedes clinical symptoms.MethodsThe BioMEMS study, a substudy of the MONITOR‐HF trial, proposes a multifaceted approach integrating blood biobank data with traditional and novel HF parameters. Two additional blood samples from 340 active participants in the MONITOR‐HF trial were collected at baseline, 3‐, 6‐, and 12‐month visits and stored for the BioMEMS biobank. The main aims are to identify the relationship between temporal biomarker patterns and PA pressures derived from the CardioMEMS‐HF system, and to identify the biomarker profile(s) associated with the risk of HF events and cardiovascular death.ConclusionSince the prognostic value of single baseline measurements of biomarkers like N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide is limited, with the BioMEMS study we advocate a dynamic, serial approach to better capture HF progression. We will substantiate this by relating repeated biomarker measurements to PA pressures. This design rationale presents a comprehensive review on cardiac biomarkers in HF, and aims to contribute valuable insights into personalized HF therapy and patient risk assessment, advancing our ability to address the evolving nature of HF effectively.
Severity of effect considerations regarding the use of mutation as a toxicological endpoint for risk assessment: A report from the 8th International Workshop on Genotoxicity Testing (IWGT)
Authors: Parsons Barbara L. , Beal Marc A. , Dearfield Kerry L. , Douglas George R. , Gi Min , Gollapudi B. Bhaskar , Heflich Robert H. , Horibata Katsuyoshi , Kenyon Michelle , Long Alexandra S. , Lovell David P. , Lynch Anthony M. , Myers Meagan B. , Pfuhler Stefan , Vespa Alisa , Zeller Andreas , Johnson George E. , White Paul A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractExposure levels without appreciable human health risk may be determined by dividing a point of departure on a dose–response curve (e.g., benchmark dose) by a composite adjustment factor (AF). An “effect severity” AF (ESAF) is employed in some regulatory contexts. An ESAF of 10 may be incorporated in the derivation of a health‐based guidance value (HBGV) when a “severe” toxicological endpoint, such as teratogenicity, irreversible reproductive effects, neurotoxicity, or cancer was observed in the reference study. Although mutation data have been used historically for hazard identification, this endpoint is suitable for quantitative dose–response modeling and risk assessment. As part of the 8th International Workshops on Genotoxicity Testing, a sub‐group of the Quantitative Analysis Work Group (WG) explored how the concept of effect severity could be applied to mutation. To approach this question, the WG reviewed the prevailing regulatory guidance on how an ESAF is incorporated into risk assessments, evaluated current knowledge of associations between germline or somatic mutation and severe disease risk, and mined available data on the fraction of human germline mutations expected to cause severe disease. Based on this review and given that mutations are irreversible and some cause severe human disease, in regulatory settings where an ESAF is used, a majority of the WG recommends applying an ESAF value between 2 and 10 when deriving a HBGV from mutation data. This recommendation may need to be revisited in the future if direct measurement of disease‐causing mutations by error‐corrected next generation sequencing clarifies selection of ESAF values.
A study on decompression wave propagation characteristics during CO2 pipeline leakage with consideration of gas‐liquid transition
Authors: Bin Liu , Kaixuan Li , Zhipeng Yu , Zaizhou Wang , Wenjun Chen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPipelines stand as the most cost‐effective method for large‐scale transportation of CO2 from a source point to the storage site, especially over extensive distances. The potential for crack propagation following a pipeline rupture highlights the need for precise analysis of decompression wave propagation. To accurately model this, understanding the decompression wave's propagation laws becomes imperative. Although previous studies have predominantly focused on pipeline leaks within the dense phase or supercritical state, the transition from liquid to gas during leakage significantly affects the decompression wave propagation. When a gaseous CO2 pipeline ruptures, the high Joule‐–Thomson coefficient causes a swift temperature plunge, potentially leading to a gas–liquid transition. However, research on how this phase transition impacts the decompression wave characteristics is limited. To address this gap, this study proposes a transition computational fluid dynamics model to predict the decompression wave behavior. The model is validated with an industrial‐scale full‐bore rupture experiment. The results reveal that the gaseous CO2 leakage induces a pressure plateau at a certain distance from the leakage due to the gas‐liquid phase transition. The influences of initial conditions on this pressure plateau and decompression wave are also explored. This study provides valuable insights into understanding the decompression wave behaviors of gaseous CO2 pipelines, which are essential for ensuring the safety and reliability of CO2 transportation within the carbon capture and storage technology chain. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Empirical models for calculating soil wetting patterns under surface drip irrigation systems: A comprehensive analysis
Authors: Li Ge , Nie Weibo , Li Yuchen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAccurate estimation of the surface wetted radius (R) and vertical wetted depth (Z) of wetting patterns in drip irrigation systems is crucial for ensuring that the designs of such systems are effective. This study compared 14 empirical models for estimating drip irrigation wetting patterns by assessing their accuracy using published measurement data and HYDRUS‐2D/3D simulations. The technique for order of preference by similarity to the ideal solution (TOPSIS) was employed to comprehensively rank the models. The results indicate that the empirical model proposed by Fan et al. (2023) (FY) exhibited the highest accuracy when the estimations of R and measured and simulated values were compared, with mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE), Nash–Sutcliffe modelling efficiency (NSE), and percent bias (PB) values of 2.2 cm, 3.4 cm, 0.79, and −7.1% and 5.2 cm, 7.0 cm, 0.50, and −14.1%, respectively. The empirical model proposed by Amin and Ekhmaj (2006) (AE) demonstrated the highest accuracy when the estimations of Z were compared with measured and simulated values, with MAE, RMSE, NSE and PB values of 1.7 cm, 2.0 cm, 0.95 and 4.15% and 4.4 cm, 5.9 cm, 0.82 and 4.7%, respectively. The comprehensive rankings of available models in the present study indicate that the FY model is the most universally applicable, followed by the Li et al. (2022) (LY) model, with comprehensive indices of 0.960 and 0.936, respectively. This research can aid in the selection of universally applicable, reliable and straightforward empirical models for estimating wetting patterns in drip irrigation systems.
Rsad2 mediates Bisphenol A‐induced actin cytoskeletal disruption in mouse spermatocytes
Authors: Jiang Xiao , Sun Shengqi , Shi Chaofeng , Liu Kangle , Yang Yurui , Cao Jia , Gu Jing , Liu Jinyi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBisphenol A (BPA) is widely exposed in populations worldwide and has negative effects on spermatogenesis both in animals and humans. The homeostasis of the actin cytoskeleton in the spermatogenic epithelium is crucial for spermatogenesis. Actin cytoskeleton destruction in the seminiferous epithelium is one of the important reasons for BPA‐induced spermatogenesis disorder. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unexplored. Herein, we explored the role and mechanism of Rsad2, an interferon‐stimulated gene in BPA‐induced actin cytoskeleton disorder in mouse GC‐2 spermatocyte cell lines. After BPA exposure, the actin cytoskeleton was dramatically disrupted and the cell morphology was markedly altered accompanied by a significant increase in Rsad2 expression both in mRNA and protein levels in GC‐2 cells. Furthermore, the phalloidin intensities and cell morphology were restored obviously when interfering with the expression of Rsad2 in BPA‐treated GC‐2 cells. In addition, we observed a significant decrease in intracellular ATP levels after BPA treatment, while the ATP level was obviously upregulated when knocking down the expression of Rsad2 in BPA‐treated cells compared to cells treated with BPA alone. Moreover, Rsad2 relocated to mitochondria after BPA exposure in GC‐2 cells. BPA promoted Rsad2 expression by activating type I IFN‐signaling in GC‐2 cells. In summary, Rsad2 mediated BPA‐induced actin cytoskeletal disruption in GC‐2 cells, which provided data to reveal the mechanism of BPA‐induced male reproductive toxicity.
Evaluation of the potential role of glutamatergic, cholinergic, and nitrergic systems in the dopamine release induced by the pesticide glyphosate in rat striatum
Authors: Costas‐Ferreira Carmen , Durán Rafael , Faro Lilian R. F. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractGlyphosate (GLY) is a pesticide that severely alters nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurotransmission, inducing great increases in dopamine release from rat dorsal striatum. This GLY‐induced striatal dopamine overflow occurs through mechanisms not yet fully understood, hence the interest in evaluating the role of other neurotransmitter systems in such effects. So, the main objective of this mechanistic study was to evaluate the possible mediation of the glutamatergic, cholinergic, and nitrergic systems in the GLY‐induced in vivo dopamine release from rat dorsal striatum. The extracellular dopamine levels were measured by cerebral microdialysis and HPLC with electrochemical detection. Intrastriatal administration of GLY (5 mmol/L) significantly increased the dopamine release (1102%). Pretreatment with MK‐801 (50 or 400 μmol/L), a non‐competitive antagonist of NMDA receptors, significantly decreased the effect of GLY (by 70% and 74%, respectively), whereas AP‐5 (400 μmol/L), a competitive antagonist of NMDA receptors, or CNQX (500 μmol/L), an AMPA/kainate receptor antagonist, had no significant effect. Administration of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitors, L‐nitroarginine (L‐NAME, 100 μmol/L) or 7‐nitroindazole (7‐NI, 100 μmol/L), also did not alter the effect of GLY on dopamine release. Finally, pretreatment of the animals with mecamylamine, an antagonist of nicotinic receptors, decreased the effect of GLY on dopamine release by 49%, whereas atropine, a muscarinic antagonist, had no significant effect. These results indicate that GLY‐induced dopamine release largely depends on the activation of NMDA and nicotinic receptors in rat dorsal striatum. Future research is needed to determine the effects of this pesticide at environmentally relevant concentrations.
迅速βヒドロキシ酪酸測定により敗血症を契機とした飢餓性ケトアシドーシスを診断治療し得た1例(A case of starvation ketoacidosis caused by sepsis diagnosed and treated based on beta–hydroxybutyrate measurements)
Authors: 大河 辻 , 稔 吉田 , 淑男 内倉 , 英喜 本多 , 孝昌 岩澤 , 徹 吉田 , 茂樹 藤谷 
Published: June 2024

要旨敗血症性ショックを契機とした飢餓性ケトアシドーシスを血清βヒドロキシ酪酸の測定により診断治療した。ケトアシドーシスのなかでも飢餓性の症例報告は少なく，我々が調べる範囲で敗血症を契機とした報告はない。しかし，飢餓性ケトアシドーシスに至るリスクを持つ患者は多く，鑑別として重要である。症例は88歳の女性，5日間の経口摂取不能と体動困難を主訴に救急搬送された。来院後，血圧低下と炎症反応高値，膿尿，anion gap（AG）開大性代謝性アシドーシスを認めた。尿管狭窄に対してステント留置し，尿路感染症による敗血症性ショックの診断でICU入室となった。第2病日，カテコラミンは中止でき，乳酸も正常値であったが，代謝性アシドーシスの進行を認め持続的腎代替療法を施行した。βヒドロキシ酪酸は4.8mmol/Lと上昇しており，糖尿病や飲酒歴はなく，5日間の絶食期間から飢餓性ケトアシドーシスと診断し，ブドウ糖とインスリンの持続静注を開始した。第4病日にβヒドロキシ酪酸は低下し，改善を得た。本症例ではインスリン分泌や筋肉量低下に加えて，敗血症によるグルカゴン分泌促進により短期間で飢餓性ケトアシドーシスを発症したと考えられる。AG開大性代謝性アシドーシスの鑑別に血清βヒドロキシ酪酸は有用であった。また，高齢化によりリスクを持つ患者は増えており，飢餓性ケトアシドーシスも念頭におく必要がある。
PECARN頭部外傷ルールを用いた臨床的に重要な頭部外傷の中間リスク群におけるリスク層別化の検討(Risk stratification for clinically important traumatic brain injury in the intermediate–risk group factor of the PECARN head trauma prediction rule)
Authors: 駿佑 早野 , 淳司 神薗 , 健太郎 井手 , 悟子 植松 , 健一 鉄原 , 徹 小林 
Published: June 2024

要旨【目的】PECARN頭部外傷ルールは，clinically important traumatic brain injury（ciTBI）の低リスク群に頭部CT不要と判断するのに役立つ。しかし，中間リスク群に頭部CTを撮影するか，院内経過観察するかに関して臨床判断に迷うことがあり，ciTBIのリスク因子を探索した。【対象】国内6施設での多施設共同前方視的観察研究データベースの二次解析を行った。2016年6月から2017年9月に研究参加施設を受診した16歳未満の頭部外傷患者のうち，中間リスク群を対象とした。2歳未満と2歳以上に分けて，ciTBIとの関連を単変量ロジスティック回帰分析にて検討した。【結果】中間リスク群1,377例中，2歳未満の1.2%（7/607），2歳以上の0.65%（5/770）にciTBIを認めた。2歳未満での月齢［オッズ比（OR）0.74，95%信頼区間（CI）0.62–0.90］・2項目以上該当（OR 5.25，95% CI 1.15–23.9），2歳以上での前頭部以外の皮下血腫（OR 13.1，95% CI 1.3–640）がciTBIに関連した。【結語】PECARN中間リスク群において，2歳未満での低月齢・2項目以上該当，2歳以上での前頭部以外の皮下血腫のciTBI発生リスクが高い可能性が示唆された。
Renal impairment is prevalent in pediatric NAFLD/MASLD and associated with disease severity
Authors: Mouzaki Marialena , Yates Katherine P. , Arce‐Clachar Ana Catalina , Behling Cindy , Blondet Niviann M. , Fishbein Mark H. , Flores Francisco , Adams Kathryn Harlow , Hertel Paula , Jain Ajay K. , Molleston Jean P. , Schwimmer Jeffrey B. , Vos Miriam B. , Xanthakos Stavra A. ,   for the NASH Clinical Research Network
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectivesRenal impairment is prevalent in adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD/metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease [MASLD]) and is associated with increased mortality. Pediatric data are limited. Our objective was to determine the prevalence of hyperfiltration or chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children with NAFLD/MASLD and determine links with liver disease severity.MethodsData from children who had previously participated in prospective, multicenter, pediatric studies by the Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Clinical Research Network (NASH‐CRN) were collected. Renal function was determined using the calculated glomerular filtration rate (cGFR). Hyperfiltration was defined as cGFR > 135 mL/min/1.73m2, while CKD stage 2 or higher as cGFR < 90 mL/min/1.73 m2. Renal dysfunction progression was defined as transition from normal to hyperfiltration or to CKD stage ≥ 2, or change in CKD by ≥1 stage. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to determine the prevalence of CKD and independent associations between CKD and liver disease severity.ResultsThe study included 1164 children (age 13 ± 3 years, 72% male, 71% Hispanic). The median cGFR was 121 mL/min/1.73 m2; 12% had CKD stage 2−5, while 27% had hyperfiltration. Hyperfiltration was independently associated with significant liver fibrosis (odds ratio: 1.45). Baseline renal function was not associated with progression in liver disease over a 2‐year period (n = 145). Renal dysfunction worsened in 19% independently of other clinical risk factors. Progression of renal impairment was not associated with change in liver disease severity.ConclusionsRenal impairment is prevalent in children with NAFLD/MASLD and hyperfiltration is independently associated with significant liver fibrosis. Almost 1/5 children have evidence of progression in renal dysfunction over 2 years, not associated with change in liver disease severity. Future assessments including additional renal impairment biomarkers are needed.
Performance of Baveno VII criteria for the screening of varices needing treatment in patients with biliary atresia
Authors: Ling Yu‐Chieh , Hsu Chien‐Ting , Chen Cheng‐Yu , Tai Chi‐San , Chang Kai‐Chi , Wu Jia‐Feng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveBiliary atresia (BA) is the leading cause of liver cirrhosis and chronic liver insufficiency in children in the world. Gastroesophageal varices bleeding is an ominous complication of cirrhosis in BA patients and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. In this study, we aimed to investigate the utility of noninvasive Baveno VI and Baveno VII criteria for the screening of varices need treatment (VNT) and the need for liver transplantation in BA patients.MethodsThis study enrolled 48 BA patients (23 females and 25 males) who underwent an esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and transient elastography at a mean age of 11.18 ± 1.48 years; the clinical data were surveyed in a retrospective design.ResultsThe sensitivity and negative predictive value of Baveno VI and Baveno VII criteria for the prediction of VNT in BA patients are both 100% and 100%, respectively. The VNT missing rate of Baveno VI and Baveno VII criteria are both 0% in our cohort. The Baveno VI, expanded Baveno VI, and Baveno VII criteria are also predictive of the need for liver transplantation in our cohort (OR = 10.33, 4.24, and 21.33; p = 0.009, 0.03, and 0.007, respectively).ConclusionThe Baveno VI and Baveno VII criteria are useful for the screening of VNT and minimize non‐necessary invasive EGD in BA patients with low VNT missing rates. The Baveno VI, expanded Baveno VI, and Baveno VII criteria are associated with the need for liver transplantation.
Structure–spectrum relationship in the calculated Raman spectra of silicates
Authors: Bagheri Mohammad , Komsa Hannu‐Pekka 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSilicate minerals have a rich structural variety consisting of silicon oxide clusters or networks of any dimensionality interdispersed with different types of elements, which is reflected in marked changes in the Raman spectra. Understanding how the changes in the Raman spectra are correlated with the atomic structure would be highly desirable for fast material identification and analysis. Extracting such trends from experimental spectra can be difficult owing to the uncertainties in the structural details of the samples and in ensuring consistency between measurements from different sources. Simulated spectra, however, avoid these problems, making them a good candidate for systematic studies. Here, we study the correlation between the structure and Raman spectral features of 179 silicates derived from a database of Raman spectra simulated using first‐principles calculations. We investigate the spectral similarities with a specific emphasis on materials containing isolated 0D clusters in nesosilicate (SiO4), sorosilicate (Si2O7), and cyclosilicate (Si3O9 and Si4O12) configurations. While trends identified in the previous reports can be confirmed, we find that the variations within each group of similar structural motifs tend to be larger than the changes across groups, and therefore, developing a reliable automated classification algorithm is likely to be challenging.