bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Harnessing Complexity: Integrating Remote Sensing and Fuzzy Expert System for Evaluating Land Use Land Cover Changes and Identifying Mangrove Forest Vulnerability in Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Md. Monirul , Rafi Dewan Abdullah Al , Jannat Arifa , Aruga Kentaka , Liebenehm Sabine , Hossain Radita 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

In this study, we analyze Landsat images to examine the alterations in land cover within the Sundarbans and its surrounding regions in Bangladesh, spanning twenty-one years from 2000 to 2021. Furthermore, we develop a vulnerability map considering the combined effect of eight socioeconomic, geophysical, and climatic factors. The results show that a significant portion of the mangrove forest has been transformed into aquaculture practices because of the expansion of high-value shrimp cultivation. A decrease in forest areas and the expansion of aquaculture zones suggest a livelihood shift among the local population over time. This transition has adversely affected human activities within the ecosystem and the biodiversity of mangrove forests. Consequently, it is imperative to implement suitable measures to enhance the state of mangrove forests and safeguard their biodiversity. The vulnerability analysis shows that the highly vulnerable, moderately vulnerable, and low vulnerable areas cover 35.66%, 26.86%, and 19.42%, respectively. The vulnerability maps generated in this research could serve as a valuable resource for coastal planners seeking to ensure the sustainable stewardship of these coastal mangrove forests. These results offer a detailed understanding of coastal mangrove LULC patterns and vulnerability status, which will be useful for policymakers and resource managers to incorporate into coastal land use and environmental management practices urgently.
Structural basis and biased signaling of proton sensation by GPCRs mediated by extracellular histidine rearrangement
Authors: Sun Jin-Peng , Guo Lulu , Zhu Kong-Kai , Zhong Ya-Ni , Gao Mingxin , Liu Junyan , Qi Zhimin , Liu Zili , Rong Naikang , Zhang Minghui , Li Dongfang , Zhang Qi-Yue , Yang Gongming , Zhang Xinxin , Zhang Mingyue , Ding Ning , Yang Zhao , Xiao Peng , Xia Ming , Yu Xiao , Gaole Alatan , Yang Fan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Proton sensing by membrane G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) is crucial in controlling the breathing rate, bone formation, and cardiovascular and kidney functions. However, the structural basis and mechanistic insights of proton sensing-induced GPCR activation remains unclear. Here, we report seven cryo-EM structures of GPR4 and GPR68, two well-known proton-sensing receptors, at different pH values and in complex with Gs or Gq trimers. Structural inspection, structure-based pKa calculations, and mutational and computational analyses revealed that the protonation of two conserved extracellular histidines in ECL2 and TM6, HECL2-45.47 and H7.36, induced polar network formation and other conformational changes to tether TM6 to ECL2, and these changes constitute the central common mechanisms of the proton-induced activation of both GPR4 and GPR68. Unexpectedly, proton sensation by specific extracellular histidine determined biased G protein subtype coupling of GPR4. Moreover, GPR68 has an additional pH-sensing residue, H842.67, whose protonation facilitates tighter interactions between TM2, ECL1 and ECL2, which may contribute to the more acidic optimal pH range for GPR68 activation than for GPR4 activation. The propagation path connecting proton-sensing histidines to the toggle switch and the structural basis of the Gs and Gq coupling of GPR4 and GPR68 were characterized. In summary, our study provides structural and mechanistic insights into the proton sensing, activation and downstream effector coupling mechanisms of two proton-sensing GPCRs.
AI-Enhanced Audio-Based Predictive Control for Injection Molding Machines in the Era of IoT
Authors: Huang Ming-Shyan , Chen Jian-Yu , Kanga Chih-Wei , Chou Tung-Hsiang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

In the past, most of traditional master craftsmen always adopted the acoustic actions to recognition the situation of machine. Along with the development of time and technology, the mode of industry has changed with the Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0). The long been known for the mother of industry, mold industry, has been inevitably impacted by Industry 4.0. This research stems from the structure of the six-level IoT model, through Internet connecting sensors, data collection, and the appropriate implementation of human and machine interface to intellectualize the injection molding machine. This research has collected 130 times of audio frequency, and there were 53 effective data sets, in sum there were 34,030,640 datasets. There were 5 manufacturing actions of petroleum molding machines that were successfully identified. Due to the low accuracy of one of the manufacturing actions, the training of audio frequency is based on the other four. In the end, there are 93.64% of accurate AI intelligent identifying models. Concurrently, through labeling the audio characteristics of different manufacturing parameters, the model recognizing audio characteristics from injection molding machines under different injection speed and rotation speed parameters is successfully trained. It is expected that in the future, other researchers can use this research as a reference to further strengthen the correlation between audio characteristics and injection molding machines to engage a more in-depth and diverse application of this topic.
JEL Classification: C80, C88, C90.
Study on the characteristics of acoustic-thermal precursors of destabilization damage in coal-rock combination bodies with different proportions
Authors: Hao Tianxuan , Wang Guoqing , Li Fan , Tang Yiju , Yuan Meiqi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The destabilization and damage process of the coal-rock body is accompanied by the release of acoustic and thermal signals. In order to investigate the destabilization and damage precursor signal characteristics of coal-rock combination bodies with different ratios, and to analyze the reliability and applicability of the warning signals, this paper carries out the uniaxial compression tests of 7 different ratios of coal-rock combined body specimens by using the rock mechanics loading test system and the synchronous monitoring platform of IR and AE and analyzes the destructive precursor feature laws of specimens in terms of the mechanical, acoustic-emission, infrared thermographic, and temperature characteristics, respectively. The results show that: the strength characteristics of the specimens satisfy the linear relationship with the coal-rock ratio, the smaller the coal-rock ratio is, the greater the uniaxial compressive strength of the specimens and the more obvious the tensile damage is. The AE counts of the coal-rock combined body damage precursors are positively correlated with the coal-rock ratio, and the AE peak count is negatively correlated with the coal-rock ratio, and the smaller the coal-rock ratio is, the closer the slope of AE cumulative counts curves is to 1 at the stage of the peak damage. In the elastic and yielding phases, the MIRT curve fluctuates and rises, and before the peak damage, the MIRT curve shows a "V" shape, and the smaller the coal-rock ratio is, the more obvious the "V" shape is. When the coal-rock ratio is 1:3 or less, the monitoring effect of IR is better than that of AE, and AE monitoring is more suitable for specimens with a coal-rock ratio greater than 1:3. When the coal-rock ratio is 3:1, IR monitoring is not as effective as AE monitoring. Therefore, the synergistic monitoring of AE and IR can make the early warning signal of coal-rock combination bodies damage precursor more reliable and accurate.
The Association between Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index and Cardiotoxicity Related to 5-Fluorouracil in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Liu Xiaoqin , Wang Yan , Wang Wenling , Dong Hongming , Wang Gang , Chen Wanghua , Chen Juan , Chen Weiwei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background and aims: The cardiotoxicity related to 5-fluorouracil（5-FU） in cancer patients has garnered widespread attention. The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) has recently been identified as a novel predictive marker for developing cardiovascular diseases in healthy individuals. However, it remains unclear whether the increasing SII leads to a higher risk of cardiotoxicity related to 5-FU. This study aims to address this gap by investigating the association between SII and cardiotoxicity related to 5-FU in a colorectal cancer cohort.
Methods: From January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2020, colorectal cancer patients who underwent 5-FU-based chemotherapy at affiliated cancer hospital of Guizhou Medical University were included. After adjustment for confounders and stratification by tertiles of the interactive factor, linear regression analyses, curve fitting and threshold effect analyses were performed.
Results: Of the 754 participants included ﬁnal analysis, approximately 21% (n=156) of participants ultimately experienced cardiotoxicity related to 5-FU. Monocyte (M) was identified as an interactive factor for SII on cardiotoxicity related to 5-FU. In the low tertile of M (T1: M≤0.38×109/L), increasing log SII was positively correlated with cardiotoxicity related to 5-FU (Odds Ratio [OR], 8.04; 95% confidence interval [95%CI], 1.68 to 38.56). However, a non-linear relationship between log SII and cardiotoxicity was observed in the middle tertile of M (T2: 0.38<M≤0.52 × 109/L). Elevated log SII was correlated with decrease of cardiotoxicity risk when log SII>1.37 (OR, 0.14; 95%CI, 0.02 to 0.88) but with a threshold effect. In the high tertile of M (T3: M>0.52 × 109/L), a trend towards a negative linear correlation between the log SII and cardiotoxicity was observed (OR, 0.85; 95%CI, 0.37 to 1.98).
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that SII may serve as a potential biomarker for predicting cardiotoxicity related to 5-FU in colorectal cancer patients. SII is an independent risk factor for cardiotoxicity related to 5-FU with low monocyte levels (T1). Conversely, in the middle monocyte levels (T2), SII is a protective factor for cardiotoxicity related to 5-FU but with a threshold effect.
Analyzing the Physical Properties of Polymer-Loaded Phenolic Resin
Authors: Afzal Amina , Khalid M Adeel , Kalsoom Umber 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

This research interrogates the effect of loading phenolic resin (\({C}_{8}{H}_{6}{O}_{2}\)) and graphene oxide (GO) solutions into a polyethersulphone (PES) matrix to improve the physio-mechanical properties of PES. A new class of thin-film was successfully synthesized by incorporation of phenolic resin (\({C}_{8}{H}_{6}{O}_{2}\)) and graphene oxide (GO) solutions into a 2 wt% polyethersulphone (PES) matrix and its application in pharma packaging was investigated. To alter the mechanical properties of the thin films, a mixture of phenolic resin and graphene oxide was dispersed into a prepared polyethersulphone solution at varying concentrations using a solution mixing technique. the XRD spectra for PES/GO/PR thin films to confirm the presence of GO. The sharp peak was observed at 2θ = 19.79˚. The tensile testing of the polyethersulphone composite thin films revealed an increase in the tensile strength, which rose from 3.74 to 33.91 MPa, and Young's modulus was also improved from 9.97 to 20.85 MPa. Additionally, there was a significant improvement in the percentage elongation, which rose from 1.02 to 1.66% for PC-4, indicating a strong agreement between the filler used and the composition method.
Flow Characteristics and Performances of the Electrostatic Precipitator Enhanced by Turbulence Agglomerators
Authors: Maulana Hasan Syafik , Lin Rong-Xian , Tien Wei-Hsin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The electrostatic precipitator (ESP) is an effective device for removing particulate matter (PM) in the air, especially for larger particles. However, the collection efficiency of sub-micron particles is significantly reduced. This could be a problem when PM becomes a virus carrier, as happened in 2019 when the spread of Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This virus can survive in aerosols for an hour and be transmitted via particulate matter attached to a surface for several days. One possible solution is to add particle agglomerators before the charging section of the ESP to coagulate particles together into a larger one to improve the particle collection efficiency. This study examined the flow characteristics of eight different turbulence agglomerator configurations using Particle image velocimetry (PIV). The effectiveness of agglomeration and collection efficiency were also compared. The impacts of the ribs' profiles, slits, and inclination angle conditions were investigated. The results of the flow visualization indicate that Z-type turbulators produce a greater and larger region of turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) than quadrilateral-type turbulators. The 135° inclined angle minimizes the turbulent kinetic energy. However, the slit in the center of the ribs can increase it. Particle sizer measurements imply that the turbulence agglomerator successfully coagulates the ultrafine particles into bigger particles, and the efficiency is correlated with the turbulent kinetic energy. Particle agglomeration increases the ESP's ability to collect ultrafine particles, but because of the weak cohesive force, coagulated particles could disintegrate back into ultrafine particles when they collide on the collecting plate.
FLT3 inhibition upregulates OCT4/NANOG to promote proliferation and TKI resistance of FLT3-ITD+ acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Zhou Qi , Shu Xiaojun , Zhao Pingping , Li Zijian , Chu Huiyuan , Guan Yongyu , Chai Yihong , Xi Yaming 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Up to 30% of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients face unfavorable outcomes due to the FMS-like receptor tyrosine kinase-3 (FLT3) internal tandem duplication (ITD) mutation. Although FLT3 inhibitors show encouraging outcomes in treatment, they fail to eliminate leukemia stem cells, the origin of persistent and resistant lesions. Exploration of the mechanism in FLT3-ITD+ AML maintenance and chemoresistance is crutial for the development of novel therapeutic approaches. The manifestation of pluripotency transcription factors (TFs) and their link to clinical outcomes have been documented in various tumors. This study investigates the correlation between core pluripotency TF and treatment in AML.
Results: We discovered that FLT3 inhibition induced upregulation of OCT4 and NANOG in FLT3-ITD+ AML cells. Subsequently, we demonstrated that downregulation of OCT4 or NANOG inhibited cell growth, promoted apoptosis, and induced G0/G1 cell cycle phase arrest in FLT3-ITD+ AML cells. Importantly, downregulation of OCT4 or NANOG increased responsiveness to FLT3-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) (gilteritinib), implying that OCT4 and NANOG may contribute to TKI resistance in FLT3-ITD+AML.
Conclusion: Our study verifies the involvement of OCT4 and NANOG in regulating TKI sensitivity, and targeting them may improve the cytotoxicity of FLT3 TKIs in FLT3-ITD+ AML.
Prediction of Bending Angle of Ti6Al4V Alloy Sheets Formed Using Multiple Laser Irradiation
Authors: Mulay Sujit , Paliwal Vineet , Babu N. Ramesh 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

This study proposes a model to predict the bending angle of Ti6Al4V alloy sheets formed using multiple laser irradiation. The model uses the 1D heat transfer equation to calculate the temperature along the sheet thickness direction by considering the conductive losses. Based on this temperature, the thermal strains and stresses induced along the sheet's thickness are estimated. Finally, the bending angle of the sheet is calculated by balancing the strain energies induced by stress, strain, and the bending moment. For the subsequent irradiation, the temperature dependent properties of Ti6Al4V alloy were updated based on the initial temperature of sheet. The experimental and predicted bending angle results were compared for Ti6Al4V alloy sheets of varying thicknesses. The proposed model predicts the bending angle with an average percentage error of 8.86% for 2 mm thick Ti6Al4V alloy sheet.
Lived experiences of cancer patients undertaking chemotherapy at Felege-Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Bahir Dar, North-West Ethiopia, a descriptive phenomenological study
Authors: Yigzaw Zeamanuel Anteneh , Ambaw Fentie , Birhanu Belayneh 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Cancer is the most important cause of acute and chronic illnesses in the world. Cancer has different types of symptoms at different stages on different sites of the body. Chemotherapy involves different side complications and harsh effects on the patient’s general health in emotional, social, physical, and spiritual dimensions. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the lived experiences of patients living with cancer undertaking chemotherapy in Felege-Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Bahir Dar, North-west Ethiopia.
Method: A descriptive phenomenological study was conducted from March 17 to May 23, 2021. A heterogeneous purposive sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Thirteen cancer patients and two healthcare workers who work at the oncology center were enrolled. Data was gathered from patients undertaking chemotherapy through an in-depth interview guide and observational checklist. The data obtained through in-depth interviews and observation was recorded, transcribed translated, and coded by using Atlas Ti version 7 software. Thematic analysis was used. The rigor of the study was obtained.
Result: In this study, five main themes and thirteen subthemes were constructed. The major themes were: - the seriousness of the disease, affected usual role, financial constraint, psychological impact, and challenges to getting chemotherapy. The disease affects the participants by restricting their social movement. The inaccessibility of the service unit in their immediate surroundings, as well as a lack of drugs and lab investigations in the government hospitals, makes their lives difficult.
Conclusion: The study identified five main themes and thirteen subthemes. The participants explore the condition of the disease as an incurable disease and consider the disease to be deadly. The disease became serious due to the nature of the treatment and its side effects. The disease also prevents the patient and their family from participating in various activities. Therefore, we recommend accessible, affordable chemotherapy services with psychological support to all cancer patients.
Promoting Equity in Hepatitis C Care: A Qualitative Study Using an Intersectionality Lens to Explore Barriers and Facilitators to Point-of-Care Testing Among People Who Inject Drugs and Service Providers
Authors: Fontaine Guillaume , Presseau Justin , Bruneau Julie , Etherington Cole , Thomas Isabella M. , Hung Jui-Hsia Cleo , Allen Zack van , Patey Andrea M. , Kareem Ayesha , Mortazhejri Sameh , Høj Stine Bordier , Boyer-Legault Geneviève , Grimshaw Jeremy M. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a significant global health burden, particularly among people who inject drugs. Rapid point-of-care HCV testing has emerged as a promising approach to improve HCV detection and linkage to care in harm reduction organizations such as needle and syringe programs. The objective of this study was to use an intersectionality lens to explore the barriers and enablers to point-of-care HCV testing in a needle and syringe program.
Methods: A qualitative study was conducted using semi-structured interviews with clients (people who inject drugs) and service providers in a large community organization focused on the prevention of sexually transmitted and blood borne infections in Montreal, Canada. An intersectionality lens was used alongside the Theoretical Domains Framework to guide the formulation of research questions as well as data collection, analysis, and interpretation.
Results: We interviewed 27 participants (15 clients, 12 providers). The intersectional analysis revealed that intersectional stigma amplifies access, emotional and informational barriers to HCV care for people who inject drugs, while identity and lived experience of HCV and drug use represent powerful tools leveraged by providers. There were four themes for clients: (1) understanding and perceptions of HCV testing, (2) an accessible and inclusive environment for HCV testing, (3) the interplay of emotions and motivations in HCV testing decision-making, and (4) the impact of intersectional stigma related to HCV, behaviors (e.g., drug use), and identities (e.g., gender identity). For providers, five themes emerged: (1) knowledge, skills, and confidence for HCV testing, (2) professional roles and their intersection with identity and lived experience, (3) resources and integration of services, (4) social and emotional factors, and (5) behavioral regulation and incentives for HCV testing.
Conclusion: The application of an intersectionality lens provides a nuanced understanding of the impact of intersectional stigma in the lives of people who inject drugs, which amplifies barriers to point-of-care HCV testing. Findings underscore the need for tailored strategies that address stigma, improve provider roles and communication, and foster an inclusive environment for equitable HCV care. Integrating an intersectionality lens into implementation research offers valuable insights for more equitable and effective interventions.
Secukinumab’ Cardioprotective Effect in Doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy: Targeting the NF-κB/NLRP3 Pathway in Rats
Authors: Hassen Mostafa D. , Mousa Nahla O. , Radwan Sara M. , Gabre Refaat M. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a medication employed in the treatment of cancer as a chemotherapeutic agent. However, it induces cardiotoxicity via activating inflammatory pathways. Cytokines dysregulation is a key factor that can lead to activation of inflammatory mechanisms. Interleukin-17A (IL-17A) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that triggers pathogenic immune responses. The objective of this study was to investigate the defensive power of secukinumab (SEC), a fully human monoclonal IgG1/κ antibody targeting IL-17A, designed to combat DOX-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC). Male Wistar rats were treated with DOX and co-treated with SEC for two weeks. The results showed that DOX caused heart tissue injury, increased cardiotoxicity markers significantly (P < 0.0001), oxidative stress and inflammation. Additionally, DOX activated the nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-κB) pathway and Pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, potentially contributing to DIC. The co-treatment with SEC successfully reversed all DOX-related abnormalities by restoring cardiac functions to normal levels, decreasing levels of inflammatory cytokines, including IL-17A and Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and improving oxidative stress by lowering malondialdhyde (MDA) levels and increasing reduced glutathione (GSH) levels. Furthermore, it also decreased the upregulation of the NF-κB/NLRP3 axis induced by doxorubicin. This study highlights the protective properties of SEC against DIC by modulating the NF-κB/NLRP3/caspase1/IL-1β axis.