bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High Rate of Osteolytic Lesions in Medium-Term Followup after the AES Total Ankle Replacement
Authors: Kokkonen Ari , Ikavalko Mikko , Tiihonen Raine , Kautiainen Hannu , Belt Eero A. 
Published: February 2011

Background: Some previous studies have shown a high percentage of early-onset and rapidly progressing osteolysis associated with total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) by the Ankle Evolutive System (AES). The purpose of our study was to analyze medium-term results at our institution. Materials and Methods: Altogether 38 TAAs using AES prostheses were carried out between 2003 and 2007. Diagnoses were rheumatoid arthritis (71%), post-traumatic and idiopathic osteoarthritis (29%). The mean age was 54 years, followup 28 months. Tibial and talar components had hydroxyapatite coating on metal (Co-Cr) components (HA-coated). Since 2005 the design was changed and components were porous coated with titanium and hydroxyapatite (dual-coated). Results: Two-year survival was 79% (95% CI: 56 to 98). At followup 34 (89%) primary tibial and talar components were preserved. In 19 (50%) TAAs osteolysis (more than or equal to 2 mm) occurred in the periprosthetic bone area and in nine (24%) comprised large “cyst-like osteolysis”. In HA-coated prostheses radiolucent lines (less than or equal to 2 mm) or osteolysis (more than or equal to 2 mm) were detected in 11 (100%) cases and in dual-coated prostheses in 19 (74%) ( p= 0. 08). On the other hand there was more large “cyst-like osteolysis” around the dual-coated prosthesis and lesions were larger ( p= 0. 017). In rheumatoid arthritis osteolysis was detected in 14 (52%) and large “cyst-like osteolysis” in seven (26%) prostheses and in the group of traumatic and idiopathic osteoarthritis in six (55%) and two (18%), respectively. Conclusion: This study showed a high frequency of osteolysis in medium-term followup after the AES ankle replacement. The outcome was not sufficiently beneficial and we have discontinued use of this prosthesis. Level of Evidence: IV, Retrospective Case Series
Political Demonstrations and Spectacles during the Rebellion Losses Controversy in Upper Canada
Authors: Radforth Ian 
Published: February 2011

Abstract: In response to the rebellion losses bill controversy of 1849, Upper Canadians mounted a series of political demonstrations and spectacles. Opponents of the bill (and of the governor who gave it royal assent) took to the streets in displays of ‘muscular conservatism' where sheer numbers and undertones of violence associated with effigy burnings and rioting gave weight to their opposition. In response, Reform government supporters joined the fray, engaging in emotional and physical outbursts that strayed from the etiquette of deliberative democracy. Government supporters also staged welcome ceremonies – vice-regal displays – when Governor Elgin toured the province to reveal popular support for his actions and the principle of responsible government. The article examines the wide range of performative strategies deployed across the province as Upper Canadians grappled with a divisive issue. It argues that deliberative democracy built a public, but so too did muscular conservatism and monarchical display.
Off the Streets and into the Fortress: Experiments in Hip Separatism at Toronto's Rochdale College, 1968–1975
Authors: Henderson Stuart 
Published: February 2011

Abstract: Toronto's Rochdale College (1968–1975) represented something much more than simply a new venue for countercultural experimentation and identity in the centre of English Canada's biggest city. It served as a bridge between the hip emphasis on public performativity that characterized the Yorkville scene of the mid-1960s and the more private hip separatism of the early 1970s. The symbolic association between Rochdale and impenetrability was central to both Rochdalians' self-identification and its perception by outsiders; there also were connections between Rochdale and the broader trend toward hip separatism in the years after 1968.
Deep brain stimulation for the treatment of drug-refractory epilepsy in a patient with a hypothalamic hamartoma
Authors: Marras Carlo Efisio , Rizzi Michele , Villani Flavio , Messina Giuseppe , Deleo Francesco , Cordella Roberto , Franzini Angelo 
Published: February 2011

Hypothalamic hamartomas (HHs) are developmental malformations associated with a range of neurological problems, including intractable seizures. There is increasing evidence of the epileptogenicity of the hamartoma and of the inhomogeneous distribution of the epileptic abnormalities within the malformation. The management strategy for treatment and results differ according to the insertion plane and the extension of the malformation into the hypothalamus. Cases characterized by extensive involvement of the hypothalamus are particularly challenging.
The authors describe the case of a patient with drug-resistant epilepsy and a large hypothalamic hamartoma with an extensive area of attachment. The patient underwent implantation of 2 deep brain electrodes. The intraoperative recording showed a synchronous interictal epileptic discharge in the left temporal lobe and on the left side of the lesion. The patient was treated with chronic high-frequency stimulation. No side effects due to the stimulation were reported. At 18 months' follow-up, a reduction in complex partial seizure frequency was reported, but no significant reduction in overall seizure frequency was noticed (p = 0.14, t-test).
The authors report on neurophysiological studies of the relationship between HH and epilepsy, and also discuss the literature on chronic high-frequency stimulation, including its rationale and the results of chronic stimulation of various targets for the treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy due to HH.
Preoperative and postoperative developmental attainment in patients with sagittal synostosis: 5-year follow-up
Authors: Bellew Maggie , Liddington Mark , Chumas Paul , Russell John 
Published: February 2011

Object
The object of this study was to clarify whether improved developmental attainment following surgical correction of sagittal synostosis (SS), previously identified at initial postoperative assessment, is maintained at longer-term follow-up at 5 years of age.

Methods
The study involved 32 children with SS who underwent corrective surgery at a mean (± SD) age of 8.5 ± 7.25 months (range 2.8–39.9 months). All the children were assessed preoperatively, at 7 months postoperatively, and at 5 years of age, using the Griffiths Mental Development Scales. A control group consisted of 23 children with SS who had received developmental assessment on 2 or more occasions without surgical intervention (8 of these children had had follow-up at 5 years of age).

Results
The data indicated that, prior to surgical correction, children with SS had poorer Gross Locomotor function than other areas of development and that, following surgical intervention, the deficit resolved (even where there was severe developmental delay). The results further showed that improvement in Gross Locomotor function observed at 7 months postoperatively was further improved upon by 5 years of age. The same was true for their overall General Quotient, even in those children exhibiting severe developmental delay. Lesser improvements across time were shown for other skill areas. The children with SS who did not undergo surgery did not show any improvement in development, and in fact a deterioration in fine locomotor control was identified in these patients.

Conclusions
The results of this study suggest that corrective surgery for SS has a positive early impact on development, which is maintained and improved upon by 5 years of age, and that this surgery therefore offers more than simply a cosmetic improvement. Furthermore, the results suggest that not operating on children with SS means not only that this opportunity for developmental gain is missed, but that it may also cause an actual deterioration in developmental attainment.
Delayed development of os odontoideum after traumatic cervical injury: support for a vascular etiology
Authors: Zygourakis Corinna C. , Cahill Kevin S. , Proctor Mark R. 
Published: February 2011

A previously healthy 2-year-old girl sustained a C1–2 ligamentous injury after a motor vehicle accident and underwent successful halo immobilization, with postimmobilization images showing good cervical alignment. At the time, plain radiography, CT scanning, and MR imaging showed a normal odontoid. Four years later, however, the patient was found to have an os odontoideum, evident on plain radiography and CT imaging. At the 10-year follow-up, the os odontoideum had not been surgically repaired, and the child had mild hypermobility.
This is the first documented case in the modern imaging era of delayed os odontoideum formation after definitive CT scanning showed no fracture. As such, this suggests that os odontoideum may result from traumatic vascular interruption in the developing spine, with resulting osseous remodeling leading to an os odontoideum. This case argues against the congenital etiology of os odontoideum, as well as the strict posttraumatic theory whereby a trauma-induced odontoid fracture leads to osseous remodeling and subsequent development of an os odontoideum.
Corpus callosotomy in multistage epilepsy surgery in the pediatric population
Authors: Lin Jessica S. , Lew Sean M. , Marcuccilli Charles J. , Mueller Wade M. , Matthews Anne E. , Koop Jennifer I. , Zupanc Mary L. 
Published: February 2011

Object
The object of this study was to evaluate surgical outcome in a select group of patients with medically refractory epilepsy who had undergone corpus callosotomy combined with bilateral subdural electroencephalography (EEG) electrode placement as the initial step in multistage epilepsy surgery.

Methods
A retrospective chart review of 18 children (ages 3.5–18 years) with medically refractory symptomatic generalized or localization-related epilepsy was undertaken. A corpus callosotomy with subdural bihemispheric EEG electrode placement was performed as the initial step in multistage epilepsy surgery. All of the patients had tonic and atonic seizures; 6 patients also experienced complex partial seizures. All of the patients had frequent generalized epileptiform discharges as well as multifocal independent epileptiform discharges on surface EEG monitoring. Most of the patients (94%) had either normal (44%) MR imaging studies of the brain or bihemispheric abnormalities (50%). One patient had a suspected unilateral lesion (prominent sylvian fissure).

Results
Of the 18 patients who underwent corpus callosotomy and placement of subdural strips and grids, 12 progressed to further resection based on localizing data obtained during invasive EEG monitoring. The mean patient age was 10.9 years. The duration of invasive monitoring ranged from 3 to 14 days, and the follow-up ranged from 6 to 70 months (mean 35 months). Six (50%) of the 12 patients who had undergone resection had an excellent outcome (Engel Class I or II). There were no permanent neurological deficits or deaths.

Conclusions
The addition of invasive monitoring for patients undergoing corpus callosotomy for medically refractory epilepsy may lead to the localization of surgically amenable seizure foci, targeted resections, and improved seizure outcomes in a select group of patients typically believed to be candidates for palliative surgery alone.
Factors affecting survival of infants with myelomeningocele in southeastern Uganda
Authors: Warf Benjamin C. , Wright Ernest J. , Kulkarni Abhaya V. 
Published: February 2011

Object
The survival of infants treated for myelomeningocele (MM) and hydrocephalus in Uganda is unknown. This study investigated 5-year survival and the factors that influenced death in these patients.

Methods
All 140 children from 16 contiguous districts in southeastern Uganda presenting to CURE Children's Hospital of Uganda for repair of MM prior to 6 months of age between December 2000 and December 2004 comprised the study cohort. Nine patients died within 1 month (6.4% operative mortality) and were excluded from further analysis. Sixty-seven (51%) required treatment for hydrocephalus. Survival status could not be determined for 3 patients (2%). Circumstances of death were ascertained by hospital record or interview. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis. Association between survival and district of origin, age at MM closure, MM lesion level, presence of hydrocephalus, and method of hydrocephalus treatment were investigated.

Results
The median follow-up was 86 months. Seventy-three children (56%) were alive at the time of the study, and 81 (63%) had survived more than 5 years. The under-5 mortality rate was 37% (2.5 times greater than the general population). Only 4 deaths appeared directly related to hydrocephalus or MM. There was no significant association between survival and age at MM closure, MM lesion level, presence of hydrocephalus, or its method of treatment. Mortality was lower, approaching that for their unaffected peers, in districts with community-based rehabilitation programs (p = 0.001).

Conclusions
Community-based support following surgical interventions for MM and hydrocephalus appears essential to the continued survival of these children in Africa.
Fourth ventriculostomy: an alternative treatment for hydrocephalus due to atresia of the Magendie and Luschka foramina
Authors: Giannetti Alexandre Varella , Malheiros Jose Augusto , Silva Marcia Cristina da 
Published: February 2011

Atresia of the foramina of Magendie and Luschka is a rare cause of obstructive hydrocephalus. Although this condition has been classically treated by CSF shunting, recent treatments have also included endoscopic third ventriculostomy. In the present study, the authors present the case of a patient with hydrocephalus in whom an alternative method was used following a CSF shunt malfunction.
A young female patient in whom a shunt was placed during the patient's 1st year of life was faring well until she was 8 years old. She was admitted to the emergency department 5 times with signs of CSF shunt malfunction. Each time, the CT scan showed a slight dilation of the lateral and third ventricles and a large increase in the size of the fourth ventricle. In comparison, ventricles were smaller in a previous imaging study obtained when the patient was asymptomatic. Magnetic resonance imaging showed the same slight dilation of all the ventricles and a significant increase in the fourth ventricle. There was no aqueductal stenosis. An important enlargement of both lateral recesses of the fourth ventricle suggested the possibility of an atresia of the foramina. The foramen of Monro and the width of the third ventricle would not allow the passage of an endoscope. The decision was made to open those foramina endoscopically through the fourth ventricle. After induction of general anesthesia, with the patient in the prone position, a bur hole was made in the left paramedian and suboccipital region. The endoscope was introduced underneath the cerebellar hemisphere. The authors were then able to distinguish the floor of the fourth ventricle and other anatomical landmarks. Navigation through the lateral recesses allowed them to see the fine membranes closing the foramina. These membranes were opened with a monopolar cautery as a blunt instrument. The orifice was then enlarged with a 3 Fr Fogarty catheter. The authors also opened a bulging thin membrane located at the foramen of Magendie. During the postoperative period, the authors observed a marked improvement in the state of the patient's alertness as well as a disappearance of her headaches and cessation of vomiting. In addition, the patient's gait ataxia improved slowly. Six-month postoperative MR imaging demonstrated an unequivocal reduction in the size of the fourth ventricle. The patient was still doing well 36 months after the surgery.
Endoscopic fourth ventriculostomy, the opening of the 3 foramina of the fourth ventricle, may be an alternative treatment in cases in which these structures are congenitally closed.
Syndrome of alternating hypernatremia and hyponatremia after hypothalamic hamartoma surgery
Authors: Abla Adib A. , Wait Scott D. , Forbes Jonathan A. , Pati Sandipan , Johnsonbaugh Roger E. , Kerrigan John F. , Ng Yu-Tze 
Published: February 2011

Object
In this paper, the authors' goal was to describe the occurrence of alternating hypernatremia and hyponatremia in pediatric patients who underwent resection of hypothalamic hamartomas (HHs) for epilepsy. Hypernatremia in patients after pituitary or hypothalamic surgery can be caused by diabetes insipidus (DI), whereas hyponatremia can occur due to a syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone, cerebral salt wasting, or excessive administration of desmopressin (DDAVP). The triphasic response after surgery in the pituitary region can also explain variations in sodium parameters in such cases.

Methods
One hundred fifty-three patients with HH who underwent surgery were enrolled in a prospective study to monitor outcomes. Of these, 4 patients (2.6%) were noted to experience dramatic alterations in serum sodium values. The medical records of these patients were identified and evaluated.

Results
Patients' ages at surgery ranged from 1.2 to 6.0 years. All patients were girls. Two patients had Delalande Type IV lesions (of 16 total Type IV lesions surgically treated) and 2 had Type III lesions (of 39 total Type III lesions). All patients had a history of gelastic seizures refractory to medication. Seizure frequency ranged from 3 to 300 per day. After surgery, all patients experienced hypernatremia and hyponatremia. The largest fluctuation in serum sodium concentration during hospitalization in a single patient was 53 mEq/L (range 123–176 mEq/L). The mean absolute difference in maximum and minimum sodium values was 38.2 mEq/L.
All patients exhibited an initial period of immediate DI (independent of treatment) after surgery followed by a period of hyponatremia (independent of treatment), with a minimum value occurring between postoperative Days 5 and 8. All patients then returned to a hypernatremic state of DI, and 3 patients still require DDAVP for DI management. A second occurrence of hyponatremia lasting several days without DDAVP administration occurred in 2 patients during their hospitalization between periods of hypernatremia. One patient stabilized in the normal range of sodium values prior to discharge from rehabilitation without the need for further intervention. At last follow-up, 3 patients are seizure-free.

Conclusions
Severe instability of sodium homeostasis with hypernatremia and hyponatremia is seen in up to 2.6% of children undergoing open resection of HH. This risk appears to be related to HH type, with a higher risk for Types III (2 [5.1%] of 39) and IV (2 [12.5%] of 16) lesions. Here, the authors describe alternating episodes of hypernatremia and hyponatremia in the postoperative period following HH surgery. Management of this entity requires careful serial assessment of volume status and urine concentration and will often require alternating salt replacement therapy with DDAVP administration.
Long-term outcome after emergency resection of hypothalamic hamartomas for status gelasticus
Authors: Pati Sandipan , Rastogi Reena G , Abla Adib A. , Rekate Harold L. , Ng Yu-Tze 
Published: February 2011

Object
Gelastic seizures are epileptic events characterized by bouts of laughter. They are rare and mostly associated with hypothalamic hamartomas (HHs). Status gelasticus, a rare form of status epilepticus, is defined as a prolonged cluster of gelastic seizures (> 20–30 minutes) without necessarily involving loss of awareness between seizures. Emergency resection of the hamartoma is highly effective in these situations and should be considered as early as possible. The authors retrospectively reviewed their surgical cases to document the success, complications, and long-term follow-up after emergency resection of HHs for status gelasticus.

Methods
The authors report on a retrospective case series from a single tertiary care center. Three patients who presented with status gelasticus underwent emergency resection of HHs. Demographic details, seizure history, medical treatment, and postoperative follow-up data were evaluated. Long-term follow-up (minimum 2 years) data were obtained either from the last clinic visit notes or via telephone and e-mail contacts. The institutional review board at St. Joseph's Hospital approved this study.

Results
In the last 7 years, of 157 patients who underwent HH resection, the resection was performed on an emergency basis for status gelasticus in 3 cases. At emergency surgery, these 3 patients ranged in age from 9 months to 3.5 years. All of the patients were boys. Delalande and Fohlen Type II, III, and IV lesions were present in the 3 patients. Surgical approaches for resection of HH included an orbitozygomatic, transcallosal anterior interforniceal approach and endoscopic resection. Status gelasticus was terminated following emergency surgery in all cases, and 1 patient was seizure free. Postsurgical complications included, in 1 case, a small right thalamic infarct with mild transient left hemiparesis, which completely resolved within 2 days. Within 2 years of their original surgery, 2 patients underwent further elective surgeries (endoscopic resection and radiosurgery for persistent symptomatic seizures). Follow-up since their most recent surgery ranged from 8 months to 2 years. Two patients were seizure free and 1 patient had greater than 50% reduction in seizures.

Conclusions
Status gelasticus associated with HHs can be successfully terminated by emergency resection of the HH. Long-term follow-up in the present series suggests good seizure freedom results or at least greater than 50% reduction in seizures, although repeat operations were necessary.
Le centenaire de l'Institut byzantin des Assomptionnistes
Authors: Failler Albert 
Published: February 2011

REB 53 1995 France p. 5-40
A. Failler, Le centenaire de l'Institut byzantin des Assomptionnistes. — L'Institut byzantin des Assomptionnistes, connu aujourd'hui sous le sigle IFEB (Institut Français d'Études Byzantines), fut fondé à Kadiköy, l'antique Chalcédoine, le 7 octobre 1895. A l'occasion du centenaire, qui coïncide avec le transfert de la bibliothèque à l'Institut Catholique de Paris (21, rue d'Assas — Paris 6e) et la restructuration de la Revue des études byzantines et de l'ensemble des publications, le dernier membre de l'ancienne équipe des Assomptionnistes retrace le siècle d'histoire de l'Institut, en insistant sur ses débuts (la fondation de l'œuvre et la publication des Échos d'Orient) et. sur les circonstances de sa nouvelle implantation parisienne.
Barlaam the Calabrian. Three Treatises on Papal Primacy: Introduction, Edition, and Translation
Authors: Kolbaba Tia M. 
Published: February 2011

REB 53 1995 France p. 41-115
Tia M. Kolbaba, Barlaam the Calabrian. Three Treatises on Papal Primacy : Introduction, Edition, and Translation. — Barlaam the Calabrian, c. 1290-1348, wrote twenty-one treatises against Latin doctrine before 1342. Three of these treatises address the issue of papal primacy. Traditional in most aspects, these treatises are unique in others, especially in their acknowlegment that even a Latin and a Greek who argue in good faith may argue at cross purposes. This article presents an edition and English translation of these texts with introductory notes about the history of the issue and about the life of the infamous Barlaam.
Notes on the Correspondence of Theodore the Studite
Authors: Efthymiadis Stephanos 
Published: February 2011

REB 53 1995 France p. 141-163
S. Efthymiadis, Notes on the Correspondence of Theodore the. Studite. — Fifteen notes treating mainly questions of prosopography in the letters of Theodore the Studite recently edited by George Fatouros. By reference to historiographie, hagiographie and sigillographie sources several ecclesiastics and lay officials, active in the first half of the 9th century, are identified with addressees or persons mentioned in the correspondence.