bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Achalasia: laparoscopic Heller myotomy with fundoplication versus peroral endoscopic myotomy—a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sobral Joana , Machado Miguel , Barbosa José Pedro , Barbosa José 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThere are various therapeutic options for achalasia. Nevertheless, peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) and laparoscopic Heller myotomy with fundoplication (LHM) are distinguished by their efficacy and low incidence of complications. Compare POEM and LHM regarding several outcomes in patients with achalasia. This systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. An exhaustive literature search was performed using PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases. Studies comparing several outcomes between POEM and LHM in patients with achalasia were included. Data on clinical success, operative time, intraoperative complications, length of stay, reintervention rates, postoperative pain, overall complications, occurrence of GERD symptoms, use of proton bomb inhibitors and esophagitis were extracted. Quality assessment of the included studies was performed using the MINORS scale. We included 20 retrospective observational studies with a combined total of 5139 participants. The results demonstrated that there was no statistically significant difference in terms of intraoperative complications, postoperative complications, reintervention rate, occurrence of GERD symptoms, GERD HRQL, use of proton pump inhibitors, and esophagitis between POEM and LHM groups. Conversely, POEM was associated with higher clinical success and shorter operative time, length of stay, and postoperative pain. This meta-analysis concludes that both POEM and LHM, are effective and safe treatments for achalasia. However, POEM demonstrates better results regarding clinical success, operative time, length of stay, postoperative pain, and a tendency towards lower recurrence.
Storms facilitate airborne DNA from leaf fragments outside the main tree pollen season
Authors: Hanson Mary , Petch Geoff , Adams-Groom Beverley , Ottosen Thor-Bjørn , Skjøth Carsten A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBioaerosols are useful indicators of plant phenology and can demonstrate the impacts of climate change on both local and regional scales (e.g. pollen monitoring/flowering phenology). Analysing bioaerosols with eDNA approaches are becoming more popular to quantify the diversity of airborne plant environmental DNA (eDNA) and flowering season of plants and trees. Leaf abscission from broadleaved trees and other perennial species can also indicate the status of plant health in response to climate. This happens primarily during autumn in response to seasonal growth conditions and environmental factors, such as changing photoperiod and reduced temperatures. During this period biological material is released in larger quantities to the environment. Here, rural bioaerosol composition during late summer and autumn was captured by MiSEQ sequencing of the rRNA internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region, a common marker for taxonomic variation. Meteorological parameters were recorded from a proximal weather station. The composition of atmospheric taxa demonstrated that deciduous tree DNA forms part of the bioaerosol community during autumn and, for several common broadleaved tree species, atmospheric DNA abundance correlated to high wind events. This suggests that both flowering and autumn storms cause bioaerosols from deciduous trees that can be detected with eDNA approaches. This is an aspect that must be considered when eDNA methods are used to analyse either pollen or other fragments from trees.
Generation and characterisation of scalable and stable human pluripotent stem cell-derived microvascular-like endothelial cells for cardiac applications
Authors: Majid Qasim A. , Ghimire Bishwa R. , Merkely Bela , Randi Anna M. , Harding Sian E. , Talman Virpi , Földes Gábor 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCoronary microvascular disease (CMD) and its progression towards major adverse coronary events pose a significant health challenge. Accurate in vitro investigation of CMD requires a robust cell model that faithfully represents the cells within the cardiac microvasculature. Human pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells (hPSC-ECs) offer great potential; however, they are traditionally derived via differentiation protocols that are not readily scalable and are not specified towards the microvasculature. Here, we report the development and comprehensive characterisation of a scalable 3D protocol enabling the generation of phenotypically stable cardiac hPSC-microvascular-like ECs (hPSC-CMVECs) and cardiac pericyte-like cells. These were derived by growing vascular organoids within 3D stirred tank bioreactors and subjecting the emerging 3D hPSC-ECs to high-concentration VEGF-A treatment (3DV). Not only did this promote phenotypic stability of the 3DV hPSC-ECs; single cell-RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) revealed the pronounced expression of cardiac endothelial- and microvascular-associated genes. Further, the generated mural cells attained from the vascular organoid exhibited markers characteristic of cardiac pericytes. Thus, we present a suitable cell model for investigating the cardiac microvasculature as well as the endothelial-dependent and -independent mechanisms of CMD. Moreover, owing to their phenotypic stability, cardiac specificity, and high angiogenic potential, the cells described within would also be well suited for cardiac tissue engineering applications.
Mental Health and Well-being in Adolescent and Adult Siblings of Persons with Severe Mental Illness: A Scoping review
Authors: Lønning Ingvild S. , Fjermestad Krister , Haugland Bente Storm Mowatt 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSystematic knowledge about siblings of persons with mental illness is needed. The aim of this literature review was to gain knowledge about the mental health and well-being of siblings of individuals with severe mental illness (i.e., bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, eating disorders, psychosis) and factors associated with sibling outcomes. We reviewed quantitative studies published between 1990 and 2022 where siblings aged >12 years were compared to healthy control individuals. Eleven studies were included (combined sibling n = 1736). Seven of the 11 studies reported solely more negative outcomes for siblings than for healthy control individuals. Two studies reported both more negative and more positive sibling outcomes, with one study reported solely more positive outcomes and one no difference between siblings and healthy control individuals. The studies reporting negative outcomes had the highest methodological quality. The following factors were associated with sibling outcomes; demographic factors, i.e., age, sex, and number of siblings in the family, contextual factors, i.e., having contact with health care professionals due to own mental health problems, and characteristics of the sibling with severe mental illness, i.e., premorbid adjustment. The findings show that a family system approach with interventions addressing the entire family is indicated when a person is treated for severe mental illness. Further research on sibling outcomes should address methodological challenges such as poor representativeness and a wide age range in samples and use well-validated outcome measures. Factors associated with sibling outcomes should be examined further to increase the understanding of risk and protective factors in siblings.
LCTCS: Low-Cost and Two-Channel Sparse Network for Hyperspectral Image Classification
Authors: Sun Jie , Yang Jing , Chen Wang , Ding Sujie , li Shaobo , Hu Jianjun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractUsing convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in classifying hyperspectral images (HSIs) has achieved quite good results in recent years. It is widely used in agricultural remote sensing, geological exploration, environmental monitoring, and marine remote sensing. Unfortunately, the complexity of network structures used for hyperspectral image classification challenges the efficient delivery of HSI data extremely, and existing methods suffer from a large amount of redundancy in the network weight parameters during training, as they either require huge computational resources or make inefficient use of storage space when designing the network structure, and many of the parameters that waste computational resources contribute less to the rich spectral and spatial information transfer in HSI. So we introduce LCTCS, a better low-memory and less-parametric network approach. LCTCS aims to improve the efficiency of computational resource utilization with advanced classification performance and lower levels of computational resources. Unlike the conventional 2D and 3D convolution used previously, we use simple and efficient 3D grouped convolution as a vehicle to convey the semantic features of HSIs. More specifically, we design a novel two-channel sparse network to classify HSIs since grouped 3D convolution conveys the properties of hyperspectral data well in the time and space domains.We have compared LCTCS with eight widely used network methods on four publicly available hyperspectral datasets for learning HSI information. A series of experiments shows that the model architecture designed has $$65.89 \%$$

65.89
%

less storage space than the DBDA method, consumes $$67.36 \%$$

67.36
%

fewer computational resources than the SSRN method on the IP dataset, and accomplishes a highly accurate classification task with the number of parameters accounting for only $$1.99 \%$$

1.99
%

that of the DBMA method.
Justifying Self-Partiality
Authors: Baehni Agnès 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe role that the first-person perspective is allowed to play in moral reasoning is a major source of contemporary debate between partialists and impartialists. The discussion usually revolves around the question of partiality’s justification when it is intended to benefit our loved ones. Surprisingly, the issue of partiality to oneself is rarely addressed directly and its link with egoism is left unexplored. This is a gap that this paper attempts to fill by focusing on some of the difficulties raised by the idea of justified partiality to oneself.
Optimizing mHealth Instant Messaging-Based Smoking Cessation Support: A Sequential, Multiple Assignment, Randomized Trial (SMART)
Authors: Zhi Zhao Sheng , Xue Weng , Yongda Wu , Tak Cheung Derek Yee , Tsun Luk Tzu , Sau-chai Tong Henry , Wai-yin Lai Vienna , Hing Lam Tai , Ping Wang Man 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMobile health (mHealth) messaging has been used to enhance quitting. Optimal sequencing of more personalized and intensive interventions may increase abstinence for mHealth non-responders (continuing smokers). We aim to test the effectiveness and cost of an adaptive design intervention based on chat-based personalized instant messaging (PIM) versus that based on regular instant messaging (RIM; non-personalized) on validated abstinence. Sequential, multiple assignment randomized trial proactively recruited adult daily cigarette smokers in Hong Kong. At baseline, participants received brief cessation advice plus referral assistance to cessation services and were randomized to receive PIM (PIM group, n = 422) or RIM (RIM group, n = 422). At 1 month, PIM non-responders were further randomized (ratio 3:1) to receive either combined cessation interventions (CCI, including multi-media messages, nicotine replacement therapy sampling, incentive for service referral, phone counselling, family/peer group chat) or maintained PIM for 2 months. RIM non-responders were further randomized (ratio 1:3) to receive PIM or maintained RIM. Responders (quitters) in either group continued to receive the respective initial intervention. Bio-validated abstinence at 6 months by intention-to-treat. The 844 participants were mostly male (82.3%). At 1 month, 370 (87.7%) and 373 (88.4%) non-responded to PIM and RIM, respectively. Of non-responders, 273 (73.8%) received CCI and 91 (24.4%) received PIM. At 6 months, PIM group had non-significantly higher validated abstinence than RIM group (10.2% vs. 8.3%, risk ratio [RR] 1.23, 95%CI 0.80 to 1.88) at doubled cost (US$33,228.8 vs. 15,985.5). In non-responders, receiving CCI (vs. maintained PIM: 4.8% vs. 6.2%, RR 0.77, 95%CI 0.30 to 1.97) or PIM (vs. maintained RIM: 3.3% vs 5.7%, RR 0.58, 95%CI 0.17 to 1.95) did not increase validated abstinence. The PIM-based adaptive intervention did not significantly increase validated abstinence than that of non-personalized IM. Non-responders to PIM or RIM did not benefit from more intensive interventions. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03992742
Autonomous control of an ultrasound probe for intra-operative ultrasonography using vision-based shape sensing of pneumatically attachable flexible rails
Authors: McDonald-Bowyer Aoife , Syer Tom , Retter Adam , Stoyanov Danail , Stilli Agostino 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
In robotic-assisted minimally invasive surgery, surgeons often use intra-operative ultrasound to visualise endophytic structures and localise resection margins. This must be performed by a highly skilled surgeon. Automating this subtask may reduce the cognitive load for the surgeon and improve patient outcomes.

Methods
We demonstrate vision-based shape sensing of the pneumatically attachable flexible (PAF) rail by using colour-dependent image segmentation. The shape-sensing framework is evaluated on known curves ranging from $$r = 30$$

r
=
30

to $$r = 110$$

r
=
110

mm, replicating curvatures in a human kidney. The shape sensing is then used to inform path planning of a collaborative robot arm paired with an intra-operative ultrasound probe. We execute 15 autonomous ultrasound scans of a tumour-embedded kidney phantom and retrieve viable ultrasound images, as well as seven freehand ultrasound scans for comparison.

Results
The vision-based sensor is shown to have comparable sensing accuracy with FBGS-based systems. We find the RMSE of the vision-based shape sensing of the PAF rail compared with ground truth to be $$0.4975 \pm 0.4169$$

0.4975
±
0.4169

mm. The ultrasound images acquired by the robot and by the human were evaluated by two independent clinicians. The median score across all criteria for both readers was ‘3—good’ for human and ‘4—very good’ for robot.

Conclusion
We have proposed a framework for autonomous intra-operative US scanning using vision-based shape sensing to inform path planning. Ultrasound images were evaluated by clinicians for sharpness of image, clarity of structures visible, and contrast of solid and fluid areas. Clinicians evaluated that robot-acquired images were superior to human-acquired images in all metrics. Future work will translate the framework to a da Vinci surgical robot.
Psychiatric Illness and Clinical Negligence: When Can “Secondary Victims” Successfully Claim for Damages? Recent Developments from the United Kingdom
Authors: Dove Edward S. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOn January 11, 2024, the United Kingdom (U.K.) Supreme Court rendered its judgment in Paul v Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, restricting the circumstances in which “secondary victims” can successfully claim for damages in clinical negligence cases. This ruling has provided welcome clarity regarding the scope of negligently caused “pure” psychiatric illness claims, but the judgment may well prove controversial. In this article, I trace the facts and opinion from the majority and also discuss an important dissenting opinion. I then reflect on what the ruling means for psychiatric illness claims by secondary victims, and more broadly on the implications for clinical negligence law. I suggest that while much-needed clarity has been injected in this area of the law, it is difficult, reading the majority of the Supreme Court’s emphasis on the restricted scope of a medical practitioner’s duty, to envision a scenario in which secondary victim could ever succeed in a clinical negligence context.
Effect of spaceflight experience on human brain structure, microstructure, and function: systematic review of neuroimaging studies
Authors: Rezaei Sahar , Seyedmirzaei Homa , Gharepapagh Esmaeil , Mohagheghfard Fateme , Hasankhani Zahra , Karbasi Mahsa , Delavari Sahar , Aarabi Mohammad Hadi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSpaceflight-induced brain changes have been commonly reported in astronauts. The role of microgravity in the alteration of the brain structure, microstructure, and function can be tested with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques. Here, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of Spaceflight studies exploring the potential role of brain alterations identified by MRI in astronauts. We conducted a search on PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus to find neuroimaging correlates of spaceflight experience using MRI. A total of 20 studies (structural MRI n = 8, diffusion-based MRI n = 2, functional MRI n = 1, structural MRI and diffusion-weighted MRI n = 6, structural MRI and functional MRI n = 3) met our inclusion criteria. Overall, the studies showed that regardless of the MRI techniques, mission duration significantly impacts the human brain, prompting the inclusion of various brain regions as features in the analyses. After spaceflight, notable alterations were also observed in the superior occipital gyrus and the precentral gyrus which show alterations in connectivity and activation during spaceflight. The results provided highlight the alterations in brain structure after spaceflight, the unique patterns of brain remodeling, the challenges in drawing unified conclusions, and the impact of microgravity on intracranial cerebrospinal fluid volume.
Prognostic role of serum albumin levels in patients with chronic heart failure
Authors: Armentaro Giuseppe , Condoleo Valentino , Pastura Carlo Alberto , Grasso Maria , Frasca Angelo , Martire Domenico , Cassano Velia , Maio Raffaele , Bonfrate Leonilde , Pastori Daniele , Montalcini Tiziana , Andreozzi Francesco , Sesti Giorgio , Violi Francesco , Sciacqua Angela 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Hypoalbuminemia is common in heart failure (HF) patients; however, there are no data regarding the possible long-term prognostic role of serum albumin (SA) in the younger population with chronic HF without malnutrition. The aim of this study was to examine the long-term prognostic role of SA levels in predicting major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in middle-aged outpatients with chronic HF.

Methods
In the present retrospective analysis, 378 subjects with HF were enrolled. MACE (non-fatal ischemic stroke, non-fatal myocardial infarction, cardiac revascularization or coronary bypass surgery, and cardiovascular death), total mortality, and HF hospitalizations (hHF) occurrence were evaluated during a median follow-up of 6.1 years.

Results
In all population, 152 patients had a SA value < 3.5 g/dL and 226 had a SA value ≥ 3.5 g/dL. In patients with SA ≥ 3.5 g/dL, the observed MACE were 2.1 events/100 patient-year; while in the group with a worse SA levels, there were 7.0 events/100 patient-year (p < 0.001). The multivariate analysis model confirmed that low levels of SA increase the risk of MACE by a factor of 3.1. In addition, the presence of ischemic heart disease, serum uric acid levels > 6.0 mg/dL, chronic kidney disease, and a 10-year age rise, increased the risk of MACE in study participants. Finally, patients with SA < 3.5 g/dl had a higher incidence of hHF (p < 0.001) and total mortality (p < 0.001) than patients with SA ≥ 3.5 g/dl.

Conclusions
Patients with chronic HF that exhibits low SA levels show a higher risk of MACE, hHF and total mortality.
Lung Cancer Detection Systems Applied to Medical Images: A State-of-the-Art Survey
Authors: Tan Sher Lyn , Selvachandran Ganeshsree , Paramesran Raveendran , Ding Weiping 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Lung cancer represents a significant global health challenge, transcending demographic boundaries of age, gender, and ethnicity. Timely detection stands as a pivotal factor for enhancing both survival rates and post-diagnosis quality of life. Artificial intelligence (AI) emerges as a transformative force with the potential to substantially enhance the accuracy and efficiency of Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) systems for lung cancer. Despite the burgeoning interest, a notable gap persists in the literature concerning comprehensive reviews that delve into the intricate design and architectural facets of these systems. While existing reviews furnish valuable insights into result summaries and model attributes, a glaring absence prevails in offering a reliable roadmap to guide researchers towards optimal research directions. Addressing this gap in automated lung cancer detection within medical imaging, this survey adopts a focused approach, specifically targeting innovative models tailored solely for medical image analysis. The survey endeavors to meticulously scrutinize and merge knowledge pertaining to both the architectural components and intended functionalities of these models. In adherence to PRISMA guidelines, this survey systematically incorporates and analyzes 119 original articles spanning the years 2019–2023 sourced from Scopus and WoS-indexed repositories. The survey is underpinned by three primary areas of inquiry: the application of AI within CAD systems, the intricacies of model architectural designs, and comparative analyses of the latest advancements in lung cancer detection systems. To ensure coherence and depth in analysis, the surveyed methodologies are categorically classified into seven distinct groups based on their foundational models. Furthermore, the survey conducts a rigorous review of references and discerns trend observations concerning model designs and associated tasks. Beyond synthesizing existing knowledge, this survey serves as a guide that highlights potential avenues for further research within this critical domain. By providing comprehensive insights and facilitating informed decision-making, this survey aims to contribute to the body of knowledge in the study of automated lung cancer detection and propel advancements in the field.
Short Motivational Program for Perpetrators of Intimate Partner Violence: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Pinto e Silva Teresa , Dinis Maria Alzira Pimenta , Pedrosa e Sousa Hélder Fernando , Cunha Olga , Caridade Sónia 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe study aimed to determine the short-term effects of the Short Motivational Program (SMP) in increasing motivation to change on intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetrators and to analyse its suitability and acceptability. Ten male IPV perpetrators sentenced to prison, aged between 26 and 64 years (M = 47.8; SD = 13.2), participated in the SMP. Baseline and post-test measures of recidivism risk, attitudes supporting IPV, and psychopathy were collected. The SMP revealed positive results, with participants showing a slight decrease in supportive IPV attitudes and IPV recidivism risk. The results of this study reinforce the need to implement motivational interviewing techniques among IPV perpetrators in order to achieve positive change in perpetrators and prevent future aggressive behaviour and reoffending. Future well-powered studies using a rigorous controlled design are also warranted.