bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic analysis of laser moxibustion for different KL graded knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Yan Yuming , Lin Lin , Cheng Ke , Deng Haiping , Qin Meng , Shen Xueyong , Zhao Ling 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Our previous studies showed that laser moxibustion may be effective in alleviating the symptoms of knee osteoarthritis. However, the therapeutic effect in patients with different Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grades is still unclear. We aimed to compare the efficacy of laser moxibustion in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis with different KL grades.

Methods:
A total of 392 symptomatic KOA patients with different KL grades were randomly assigned to the laser treatment or sham laser control group (1:1). The patients received laser moxibustion treatment or sham treatment 3 times a week for 4 weeks. Outcomes were measured using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) scores and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores, and the primary outcome measurement was the change in WOMAC pain scores from baseline to week 4.

Results:
Among 392 randomized participants, 364 (92.86%) completed the trial. Participants with KL grades 2, 3, and 4 had significantly higher pain, functional, and total WOMAC scores than those with KL grade 1. Spearman correlation test results showed a positive correlation between KL grade and WOMAC pain, function, stiffness scores, and WOMAC total scores. That is, the higher the KL grade, the higher the WOMAC pain, function, stiffness, and WOMAC total scores. After 4 weeks of treatment, patients with KL grades 2 and 3 had significantly higher improvement scores in pain, function, and total scores than those with KL grade 1, whereas those with KL grade 2 had significantly higher improvement scores in stiffness than those with KL grade 1. Patients with KL grade 4 showed no significant effects after laser moxibustion treatment.

Conclusion:
Laser moxibustion is effective for pain reduction and functional improvement in the treatment of KOA with KL grades 2 and 3.
Efficacy and safety of albiglutide, a once-weekly glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kamrul-Hasan A.B.M. , Dutta Deep , Nagendra Lakshmi , Bhattacharya Saptarshi , Singla Rajiv , Kalra Sanjay 
Published: June 2024

Background:
No meta-analysis has holistically analyzed and summarized the therapeutic efficacy and safety of albiglutide in type 2 diabetes (T2D). This meta-analysis addresses this knowledge gap.

Methods:
Randomized controlled trials involving patients with T2D receiving albiglutide in the intervention arm and either a placebo or an active comparator in the control arm were searched through electronic databases. The primary outcome was the change from baseline (CFB) in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c); secondary outcomes included CFB in fasting plasma glucose, body weight, and adverse events (AE).

Results:
From 443 initially screened articles, data from 12 randomized controlled trials involving 6423 subjects were analyzed. Albiglutide, at both doses, outperformed placebo in terms of HbA1c reductions (for albiglutide 30 mg: mean differences −1.04%, 95% confidence interval [CI] [−1.37–−0.72], P < .00001, I
2 = 89%; and for albiglutide 50 mg: mean differences −1.10%, 95% CI [−1.45–−0.75], P < .00001, I
2 = 90%). Higher proportions of subjects achieved HbA1c < 7% in the albiglutide arm than in placebo (for albiglutide 30 mg: odds ratio 6.26, 95% CI [2.50–15.70], P < .0001, I
2 = 82%; and for albiglutide 50 mg: odds ratio 5.57, 95% CI [2.25–13.80], P = .0002, I
2 = 84%). Albiglutide had glycemic efficacy comparable to other glucose-lowering drugs. CFB in body weight was similar with albiglutide and placebo. AE profile, including gastrointestinal AE, was identical with albiglutide and placebo, except for higher drug-related AE and injection-site reaction with albiglutide.

Conclusion:
Albiglutide provides reassuring data on good glycemic efficacy, tolerability, and safety over an extended period of clinical use in patients with T2D. Albiglutide 30 mg has comparable efficacy and safety profiles to albiglutide 50 mg.
Role of flibanserin in managing hypoactive sexual desire disorder in women: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kamrul-Hasan A.B.M. , Hannan Mohammad Abdul , Alam Muhammad Shah , Aalpona Fatema Tuz Zahura , Nagendra Lakshmi , Selim Shahjada , Dutta Deep 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Flibanserin, approved for the treatment of hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) in females, has demonstrated diverse therapeutic and adverse effect (AE) prospects in the extant randomized controlled trials (RCTs). This meta-analysis aimed to characterize the outcomes of flibanserin use in these patients comprehensively.

Methods:
RCTs involving women with HSDD receiving flibanserin in the intervention arm and placebo in the control arm were sought after throughout the electronic databases. The primary outcomes were the changes from baseline in satisfying sexual events (SSE) per month and sexual desire score per month measured using an electronic diary (eDiary).

Results:
From 478 initially screened articles, data from 8 RCTs involving 7906 women with HSDD were analyzed. In premenopausal women, flibanserin 100 mg was superior to placebo in improving the number of SSE per month (mean difference, MD 0.69, 95% CI [0.39, 0.99]), eDiary sexual desire score (MD 1.71, 95% CI [0.43, 2.98]), Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) desire domain (FSFI-d) score (MD 0.30, 95% CI [0.29, 0.31]), FSFI total score (MD 2.51, 95% CI [1.47, 3.55]), Female Sexual Distress Scale-Revised (FSDS-R) Item 13 score (MD −0.30, 95% CI [−0.31, −0.29]), and FSDS-R total score (MD −3.30, 95% CI [−3.37, −3.23]). Compared to placebo, a higher number of premenopausal women using flibanserin 100 mg achieved improvements in the Patient’s Global Impression of Improvement score (OR 1.93, 95% CI [1.58, 2.36], P < .00001) and responded positively at Patient Benefit Evaluation (PBE) (odds ratio, OR 1.76, 95% CI [1.34, 2.31], P < .0001). Postmenopausal women receiving flibanserin 100 mg also benefited in terms of the number of SSE per month, FSFI-d and total scores, FSDS-R Item 13 and total scores, and PBE response. Although flibanserin use was associated with higher risks of dizziness, fatigue, nausea, somnolence, and insomnia, these adverse events were mild in nature; the serious AEs and severe AEs were comparable between the flibanserin and placebo groups.

Conclusion:
While flibanserin has demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of HSDD in both pre- and postmenopausal women, its therapeutic advantages may be overshadowed by the higher likelihood of AEs.
Global research trends and future directions in diabetic macular edema research: A bibliometric and visualized analysis
Authors: Li Yuanyuan , Jie Chuanhong , Wang Jianwei , Zhang Weiqiong , Wang Jingying , Deng Yu , Liu Ziqiang , Hou Xiaoyu , Bi Xuqi 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Diabetic Macular Edema (DME) significantly impairs vision in diabetics, with varied patient responses to current treatments like anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy underscoring the necessity for continued research into more effective strategies. This study aims to evaluate global research trends and identify emerging frontiers in DME to guide future research and clinical management.

Methods:
A qualitative and quantitative analysis of publications related to diabetic macular edema retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) between its inception and September 4, 2023, was conducted. Microsoft Excel, CiteSpace, VOSviewer, Bibliometrix Package, and Tableau were used for the bibliometric analysis and visualization. This encompasses an examination of the overall distribution of annual output, major countries, regions, institutions, authors, core journals, co-cited references, and keyword analyses.

Results:
Overall, 5624 publications were analyzed, indicating an increasing trend in DME research. The United States was identified as the leading country in DME research, with the highest h-index of 135 and 91,841 citations. Francesco Bandello emerged as the most prolific author with 97 publications. Neil M. Bressler has the highest h-index and highest total citation count of 46 and 9692, respectively. The journals “Retina – the Journal of Retinal and Vitreous Diseases” and “Ophthalmology” were highlighted as the most prominent in this field. “Retina” leads with 354 publications, a citation count of 11,872, and an h-index of 59. Meanwhile, “Ophthalmology” stands out with the highest overall citation count of 31,558 and the highest h-index of 90. The primary research focal points in diabetic macular edema included “prevalence and risk factors,” “pathological mechanisms,” “imaging modalities,” “treatment strategies,” and “clinical trials.” Emerging research areas encompassed “deep learning and artificial intelligence,” “novel treatment modalities,” and “biomarkers.”

Conclusion:
Our bibliometric analysis delineates the leading role of the United States in DME research. We identified current research hotspots, including epidemiological studies, pathophysiological mechanisms, imaging advancements, and treatment innovations. Emerging trends, such as the integration of artificial intelligence and novel therapeutic approaches, highlight future directions. These insights underscore the importance of collaborative and interdisciplinary approaches in advancing DME research and clinical management.
Cardiac complications (arrhythmias and heart failure) in patients with ischemic stroke: A meta-analysis
Authors: Shah Sangam , Dahal Krishna , Subedi Prativa , Thapa Sangharsha , Mandal Prince , Kashyap Ashutosh , Bhattarai Himal Bikram , Gupta Ashwini , Dhakal Sarita , Singh Sweta , Chand Swati 
Published: June 2024

Background:
In patients with ischemic stroke (pwIS), cardiac complications have been observed in observational studies. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the arrhythmias and heart failure in pwIS.

Methods:
Up until September 2023, we searched for case-control, cross-sectional, or cohort studies in 4 databases. For case-control/cross-sectional studies, odds ratios (OR) were determined using a random-effects model meta-analysis, while hazard ratios (HR) were calculated for cohort studies, and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled in the meta-analysis.

Results:
In the meta-analysis, we incorporated 5 studies: 2 cohort studies, 2 case-control studies, and 1 cross-sectional study. In all, 81,181 controls and 25,544 pwIS were included in this investigation. The combined OR for case-control studies of arrhythmias was estimated to be 1.86 (95% CI: 0.70–4.94, P = .21), HR for cohort studies of arrhythmias to be 4.2 (95% CI: 1.49–12.01, P < .05), and for cohort studies of heart failure to be 2.9 (95% CI: 2.65–3.18, P < .05), suggesting that pwIS may be more likely to experience cardiac complications.

Conclusion:
Our results revealed that there is a comparatively higher risk of cardiac complications in pwIS; however, more research is needed to evaluate the risk of cardiac complications in pwIS.
Doxycycline Prophylaxis to Prevent Sexually Transmitted Infections in Women
Authors: Stewart Jenell , Oware Kevin , Donnell Deborah , Violette Lauren R. , Odoyo Josephine , Soge Olusegun O. , Scoville Caitlin W. , Omollo Victor , Mogaka Felix O. , Sesay Fredericka A. , McClelland R. Scott , Spinelli Matthew , Gandhi Monica , Bukusi Elizabeth A. , Baeten Jared M. ,   for the dPEP Kenya Study Team
Published: June 2024

(Abstracted from N Engl J Med 2024;389:2331–2340)
Around the globe, bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are increasing, with 374 million estimated annual infections of Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Treponema pallidum. The burden of STI sequelae is disproportionately endured by women, with resulting effects such as chronic pain, pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy, infertility, pregnancy/fetal complications, and increased risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition.
Comparison of Perioperative Adverse Events Following Suburethral Sling Placement Using Synthetic Mesh, Autologous Rectus Fascia, and Autologous Fascia Lata in a National Surgical Registry
Authors: Hong Christopher X. , Son Young , Patel Vaishnavi J. , Lince Kimberly , Gupta Priyanka 
Published: June 2024

(Abstracted from Neurourol Urodyn 2024:1–10)
The involuntary loss of urine due to effort activities such as coughing, sneezing, or athletic exertion, better known as stress urinary incontinence (SUI), is common for adult women, with anywhere from 4% to 35% of the population being affected. Surgical placement of suburethral sling is a highly effective method of treatment, with up to an 89.2% success rate at 3 years.
The Use of Disposable Supplies: Measuring Suburethral Sling Surgical Waste by Cost and Weight
Authors: Melnyk Alexandra I. , Woods Noe , Bradley Megan S. , Moalli Pamela 
Published: June 2024

(Abstracted from Urogynecology 2024;30:132–137)
Throughout the past decade, approximately 10% of total greenhouse gas emissions produced nationally in the United States have originated from the US health care system. Additionally, the carbon footprint of the health care system includes around 5 million tons of annual waste production (around 29 lb per hospital bed per day).
Efficacy and safety of tesamorelin in people with HIV on integrase inhibitors
Authors: Russo Samuel C. , Ockene Mollie W. , Arpante Allison K. , Johnson Julia E. , Lee Hang , Toribio Mabel , Stanley Takara L. , Hadigan Colleen M. , Grinspoon Steven K. , Erlandson Kristine M. , Fourman Lindsay T. 
Published: June 2024

Objective:
Tesamorelin is the only FDA-approved therapy to treat abdominal fat accumulation in people with HIV (PWH). Phase III clinical trials were conducted prior to the introduction of integrase inhibitors (INSTIs), which are now a mainstay of HIV antiretroviral therapy.

Design:
We leveraged a randomized double-blind trial of 61 PWH and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tesamorelin 2 mg once daily vs. identical placebo among participants on INSTI-based regimens at baseline.

Methods:
In the parent clinical trial, visceral fat cross-sectional area, hepatic fat fraction, and trunk-to-appendicular fat ratio were quantified using magnetic resonance imaging, proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, respectively, at baseline and 12 months. Metabolic and safety outcomes were compared between treatment arms.

Results:
Among 38 participants on INSTI-based regimens at baseline, 15 individuals on tesamorelin and 16 individuals on placebo completed the 12-month study. Tesamorelin led to significant declines in visceral fat (median [interquartile range]: −25 [−93, −2] vs. 14 [3, 41] cm2, P = 0.001), hepatic fat (−4.2% [−12.3%, −2.7%] vs. −0.5% [−3.9%, 2.7%], P = 0.01), and trunk-to-appendicular fat ratio (−0.1 [−0.3, 0.0] vs. 0.0 [−0.1, 0.1], P = 0.03). Tesamorelin was well tolerated with a similar frequency of adverse events, including hyperglycemia, between groups.

Conclusions:
The current analysis provides the first dedicated data on the efficacy and safety of tesamorelin among PWH on INSTI-based regimens. Despite the association of INSTI use with weight gain and adipose tissue dysfunction, tesamorelin had beneficial effects on body composition with no exacerbation of glycemic control.
COVID-19 Breakthrough Infections Among People With HIV: A Statewide Cohort Analysis
Authors: Yang Xueying , Zhang Jiajia , Chen Shujie , Liu Ziang , Poland Gregory A. , Olatosi Bankole , Weissman Sharon , Li Xiaoming 
Published: June 2024

Objectives:
This study aims to identify COVID-19 breakthrough infections among people with HIV (PWH) across different phases of the pandemic and explore whether differential immune dysfunctions are associated with breakthrough infections.

Design and methods:
This retrospective population-based cohort study used data from an integrated electronic health record (EHR) database in South Carolina (SC). Breakthrough infection was defined as the first COVID-19 diagnosis documented in the state agency after the date an individual was fully vaccinated (ie, 2 doses of Pfizer/BNT162b2 or Moderna/mRNA-1273, or 1 dose of Janssen/Ad26.COV2.S) through June 14, 2022. We analyzed the risk and associated factors of the outcome using Cox proportional hazards models.

Results:
Among 7596 fully vaccinated PWH, the overall rate of breakthrough infections was 118.95 cases per 1000 person-years. When compared with the alpha-dominant period, the breakthrough infection rate was higher during both delta-dominant (HR: 1.50; 95% CI: 1.25 to 1.81) and omicron-dominant (HR: 2.86; 95% CI: 1.73 to 4.73) periods. Individuals who received a booster dose had a lower likelihood of breakthrough infections (HR: 0.19; 95% CI: 0.15 to 0.24). There was no association of breakthrough infections with degree of HIV viral suppression, but a higher CD4 count was significantly associated with fewer breakthroughs among PWH (>500 vs <200 cells/mm3: HR: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.49 to 0.94).

Conclusions:
In our PWH population, the incidence of breakthrough infections was high (during both delta-dominant and omicron-dominant periods) and mainly associated with the absence of a booster dose in patients older than 50 years, with comorbidities and low CD4 count.
Three Novel Patient-Reported Outcome Measures to Assess the Patient Experience With Daily and Weekly HIV Oral Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: Bailey Julie R. , Fonseca Eileen , Borsa Alexander , Hawryluk Emily , Gubernick Steven I. , Motte Anna de la , Karantzoulis Stella , Reaney Matthew , Saretsky Todd L. 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) can provide data on the barriers and facilitators of adherence to daily oral antiretroviral therapy (OART) regimens. We aimed to develop PROMs to understand the perspectives of people with HIV (PWH) on (1) facilitators/barriers to daily OART regimen adherence and (2) a hypothetical switch to a long-acting (LA)-OART regimen.

Methods:
Following the US food and drug administration patient-reported outcome guidance, targeted literature reviews and concept elicitation interviews with clinicians (n = 7) and PWH (n = 28) were conducted to develop conceptual models (CMs) of facilitators/barriers to OART regimen adherence. Three de novo PROMs were developed after an item-generation meeting. Three waves of cognitive debriefing interviews were conducted among PWH (n = 30) to demonstrate content validity and refine the PROMs.

Results:
The targeted literature review identified 25 facilitators/barriers; an additional 16 facilitators/barriers were added by clinicians and PWH and represented in 2 CMs. During the item-generation meeting, the CMs were used to develop 3 de novo PROMs: (1) HIV Patient Perspective of Regimen, (2) HIV Patient Perspective of Regimen Change, and (3) HIV Drivers of Adherence Questionnaire. In the cognitive debriefing interviews, PWH corroborated the relevancy of items in the PROMs, and minor adjustments were made for clarity.

Conclusion:
Three content-valid PROMs were developed to understand the treatment experience of PWH taking daily OART and how that experience may be altered upon a switch to weekly LA-OART. Data from future LA-OART clinical trials will help define a scoring guide and evaluate the structure and measurement properties of the PROMs.
IMPLICATIONS OF YWHAH GENE EXPRESSION IN THE EARLY DETECTION OF SEPSIS
Authors: Yao Hua , Zhou Yue , Geng Zhengguang , Gao Fei , Su De , Kang Yan , Fu Bao 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
Sepsis, a complex and multifaceted condition, is a common occurrence with serious implications for critically ill patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). The YWHAH gene encodes the 14-3-3n protein, a member of the 14-3-3 protein family. While existing research primarily focuses on the role of 14-3-3n in conditions such as schizophrenia and various cancers, our study revealed that the expression of the YWHAH gene remained relatively stable in both infected individuals and healthy controls. Through Venn plot analysis following weighted gene correlation network analysis, we observed a potential association between elevated YWHAH expression and the transition from infection to sepsis. In a comprehensive analysis of public single-cell transcriptome databases, the expression of YWHAH was found to be distinctive in cases of sepsis and infection. These findings were corroborated through an in vitro analysis utilizing real-time polymerase chain reaction. This study represents the initial identification of variations in YWHAH gene expression between patients with infection and sepsis, potentially offering insights for the development of early detection and treatment strategies for sepsis.
Long-term Outcomes After Kidney Transplantation From DBD Donors Aged 70 y and Older
Authors: Lindahl Jørn Petter , Åsberg Anders , Heldal Kristian , Jenssen Trond , Dörje Christina , Skauby Morten , Midtvedt Karsten 
Published: June 2024

Background.
Transplantation of kidneys from elderly donations after brain death (DBD) donors has increased owing to organ shortages. We aimed to assess the impact on long-term kidney transplant outcomes from DBD donors aged 70 y and older compared with kidneys from younger donors.

Methods.
From 2007 to 2022, 2274 first single kidney transplantations from DBD donors were performed at our center. Data from 1417 kidney transplant recipients receiving a DBD organ were included and categorized into 3 groups according to donor age: 70 y and older (n = 444, median age 74 y), 60–69 y (n = 527, median age 64 y), and a reference group consisting of donors aged 45–54 y (n = 446, median age 50 y). Kaplan-Meier plots and multivariate Cox regression with correction for recipient, donor, and transplant characteristics were used to investigate patient and kidney graft survival outcomes.

Results.
The median patient follow-up time was 9.3 y (interquartile range, 5.3–13.1). The adjusted hazard ratios for patient death in recipients of kidneys from DBD donors aged 70 y and older compared with 60–69 y and 45–54 y were 1.12 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.92-1.36; P = 0.26) and 1.62 (95% CI, 1.26-2.07; P < 0.001), respectively. Compared with recipients of donors aged 60–69 y and 45–54 y, the adjusted hazard ratios for kidney graft loss in recipients of donors aged 70 y and older were 1.23 (95% CI, 1.02-1.48; P = 0.029) and 1.94 (95% CI, 1.54-2.45; P < 0.001), respectively.

Conclusions.
Transplantation of kidneys from DBD donors aged 70 y and older resulted in acceptable long-term outcomes and is encouraging.