bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Husband’s involvement in utilization of maternal health services by their spouse in district Rohtak, Haryana
Authors: Chayal Vinod , Sagar Vidya , Verma Ramesh , Kalhan Meenakshi , Agrawal Ginni , Sasidharan Shravan K , Satija Jitesh , Jangra Annpurna , Punyani Priya , Arora Himani , Singh Yogender , Sharma Divya , Singmar Achchhesh 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Husband and wife as a couple are fully responsible for their current and future. In our society, the husband is mostly responsible for making the decision regarding any expenses. In India, there is a need to reduce the maternal mortality rate, and Husband’s involvement in antenatal care could be a key to success as it will enable them to support their partner in adequate preparation for birth and to utilize emergency obstetric care early if complications arise.

Aim and Objectives:
To find out about male involvement in the utilization of maternal healthcare services by their spouse and various factors affecting male involvement in the utilization of maternal healthcare services.

Methods:
This study was conducted in urban and rural field practice areas attached to the Department of Community Medicine, PGIMS, Rohtak. The study included 400 couples where 200 each were recruited from rural and urban areas. Out of 17 subcenters under CHC Chiri eight, subcenters were selected randomly by lottery method. A line list of these couples was prepared at each subcenter using ANC and birth register. Couples were enrolled from this line list till a sample size of 25 was reached at each of these eight subcenters. In this way, a total of 200 couples were enrolled from rural areas in which women delivered and availed maternal health services in the last 6 months. In urban areas, an equal number of couples were enrolled from each of these three urban health posts till the sample size of 200 was reached in an urban area.

Results:
The majority of the husbands (73%) reported that they participated in their wives’ utilization of maternal health services. Twenty-seven percent did not participate in their wives’ utilization of maternal health services. It also showed that 71.0% of the husbands did not know about the investigations that needed to be performed during a woman’s pregnancy. Only 29% were aware of it. On analysis, it was observed that 73% of the husbands had good participation in their spouses’ maternal and child health (MCH) care, while the rest had poor participation (27%). It also showed that as the education level of the participants’ husbands increased, their participation in their spouses’ MCH care increased, with the highest being observed among graduates (91.3%) and the lowest among those with primary schooling level education (66.7%) which were statistically significant.
Efficacy of cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test (CBNAAT) in comparison with line probe assay and liquid culture in the evaluation of tubercular lymph node abscess
Authors: Vankayala Veena Reddy , Sutrave Sumeeth , Kumari B Swapna , Gaddam Ramulu , Mandapakala Gopala Krishna Murthy 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Tuberculosis (TB) remains the number one cause of adult deaths by a curable infectious disease. Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli (MTB) is the most common causative organism isolated from mycobacterial lymphadenitis. Accurate and speedy diagnosis is required, especially in paucibacillary extrapulmonary TB. In this study, we compared the efficacy of CBNAAT with line probe assay and liquid culture in the evaluation of tubercular lymph node abscesses.

Materials and Methods:
This is a hospital-based observational cross-sectional study conducted at Gandhi Medical College and Hospital, Secunderabad, TS, in patients who presented with lymph node abscesses over a period of 18 months after obtaining clearance from the ethics committee and obtaining informed consent. Each sample was evaluated and analyzed in association with the clinical findings, AFB staining, CBNAAT, LPA, and AFB culture, and the results were compared.

Results:
Fifty patients with TB lymph node abscess diagnosed through FNAC were included in the present study. AFB smear was positive in 29 samples, CBNAAT was positive in 43 samples, LPA was positive in 44 samples, and liquid culture was positive in 39 samples. CBNAAT could detect TB in 16 smear-negative cases, 10 liquid culture-negative cases, and one LPA-negative case. In our study, CBNAAT was more effective in diagnosing TB lymph node abscess than AFB smear. No significant results were obtained when comparing CBNAAT with LPA and liquid culture.

Conclusion:
This study demonstrates excellent diagnostic accuracy of the Xpert MTB/RIF test in patients with tuberculous lymphadenitis, with a sensitivity of 86%, specificity of 83.33%, negative predictive value of 95.56%, and positive predictive value of 58.82%. Thus, it can be a rule in testing for lymph node TB. These efforts will contribute to the attainment of the TB elimination goal.
Health-related quality of life in gout patients in Madinah Region, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alhammadi Nouf A. , Jan Raghad Abdulmohsen , Alrohaily Lujain Sami , Aljohani Sulafah Mohammed , Alharthi Nada Nawaf , Almalki Abdulwahab Egal 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Gout can significantly impact health-related quality of life (HRQoL) due to excruciating pain, chronic arthropathy, and associated comorbidities. The objective of our study was to evaluate HRQoL among patients diagnosed with gout in the Madinah region of Saudi Arabia.

Materials and Methods:
The research took place in the Madinah Region, where eligible adult participants aged 18 years or older, having a confirmed history, or present diagnosis of gout were enrolled using medical records from 2016 to 2022. To gather data, patients were invited to participate in telephone-based interviews and complete the Short Form-36 (SF-36) questionnaire.

Results:
The majority of participants were male (81.5%), and 31–39 years form the largest group (37.0%). Most participants were married (86.4%), and the majority possess university and postgraduate education (70.4%). The respondents’ self-reported assessments were as follows: physical function (69.9), limitation due to physical health (74.1), emotional problem (75.8), energy or fatigue (61.6), emotional well-being (68.9), social functioning (76.6), pain (78.9), and general health (63.8).

Conclusions:
HRQoL among patients with gout was not significantly affected.
Contraceptive use, unmet need and its determinants among tribal married reproductive women: A community based observational study in a district of West Bengal
Authors: Basu Gandhari , Chakraborty Upasana , Halder Indranil 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Context:
Reported literatures revealed the problems of access and misconceptions, low contraceptive usage and high unmet need for family planning among the tribes.

Aims:
Our aim was to find out the prevalence of contraceptive usage, unmet need and their determinants among tribal married reproductive women.

Settings and Design:
A community-based, observational, analytical research using cross-sectional design was conducted among 290 tribal women of the Nadia district of West Bengal.

Subjects and Methods:
After obtaining ethical clearance, an interviewer-administered pre-designed, structured proforma was used to collect information on socio-demographic attributes, marital history, contraceptives and fertility status, unmet needs and the reasons for not using contraceptives.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Bi-variate analysis was used to know the differences and a two-tailed significance test with a P value of 0.05 or less was considered statistically significant.

Results:
The present study revealed a high prevalence of teenage marriage (60.7%) and pregnancy (27.6%). Every one in six tribal women was illiterate. The contraceptive prevalence rate was 43.8%. Tubectomy (38.6%) was the most common method (38.6%) and unfelt need (19.6%) was the most common reason for non-use. Age, occupation of women, social class, living status, marital duration, number of living children and desire to have a future child were found to be associated with the current contraceptive use. Social class, number of living children, contraceptive awareness, source and place of availability, abortion history, opposition from family and husband, and husband participation all were significantly associated with the unmet need for family planning.

Conclusion:
In-depth counselling focusing on achieving a satisfactory level of awareness and acceptance of family planning methods may help to achieve reproductive health by reducing unmet needs.
Toll-Like receptor 3 genetic polymorphism in dengue encephalitis
Authors: Verma Rajesh , Pandey Atul K. , Chakraborty Rajarshi , Prakash Shantanu , Jain Amita 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Context:
Dengue is one of the important vector-borne viral diseases affecting humans with diverse manifestations. Toll-like receptors (TLR) are pattern recognition receptors and play an important role in innate immunity against microbes. TLR3 plays a critical role in controlling the innate immune response mediated by flaviviruses such as dengue.

Aim:
We attempted to study the susceptibility of single nucleotide polymorphism of the TLR3 gene in dengue encephalitis (DE) patients and determine the association in terms of genotype, allele, and haplotype distribution along with the clinical outcome.

Settings and Design:
It was a case-controlled observational study in a tertiary care hospital.

Methods and Material:
We investigated the single nucleotide polymorphism in the TLR3 Leu412Phe gene using real-time polymerase chain reaction in 29 cases of DE and compared them with equal number of age- and sex-matched dengue patients without neurological features.

Statistical Analysis Used:
The genotype and allele frequencies were compared using a two-sided Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test.

Results:
The findings revealed that the genotypic distribution of TLR3 Leu412Phe polymorphism for the mutant genotype Phe/Phe (TT) demonstrated increased association of DE (31.03% vs 6.8%, P 0.019, odds ratio 6.075, 95% confidence interval 1.181–31.245). However, the number of heterozygous (H) genotype (Leu/Phe–CT) and mutant Phe allele (T) did not show any statistically significant association. TLR3 gene polymorphism did not show any correlation with mortality outcome at 1 month.

Conclusion:
The presence of mutant TLR3 Leu412Phe polymorphism may confer the propensity to have DE in patients with dengue infection in the Indian population. TLR3 polymorphism did not affect mortality outcome at 1 month.
Assessment of self-management care and glycated hemoglobin level among diabetes mellitus patients attend diabetic center in armed forces hospital in southern region, Kingdom Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alshahrani Salehah A. , Salem Fatima , Al harbi Sana , Alshahrani Ali , AlAhmari Yasser 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Diabetes mellitus (DM) requires patients to take on a high level of responsibility for their daily care. Thus, care for people with diabetes is moving toward patients taking an active role in their own health care.

Objective:
To evaluate the impact of self-management care on glycemic control in individuals with DM and determine the correlation between glycated hemoglobin (A1C) levels and self-management practices.

Material and Methods:
A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among diabetes patients at a diabetic center in Armed Forces Military hospitals, Southern region. A questionnaire of demographic and clinical information and self-management measured with the Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire was used. Glycemic control was assessed using HbA1c levels.

Results:
The study involved 255 patients with diabetes, of which 61.2% were females and 81.6% aged ≥41 years. The average diabetic self-management score was 6.49 on a scale of 10. The mean glucose self-management subscale score was 7.83 points, while the mean dietary control (DC) subscale score was 4.89. The patients had a mean physical activity (PA) subscale score of 6.31 and 8.75 for healthcare usage. Patients with higher education were significantly less likely to have poor glycemic control. Diabetes duration was significantly and positively correlated with poorer glycemic control. Mean perceived PA and DC scores were significantly associated with glycemic control.

Conclusion:
Type 2 diabetes patients had satisfactory self-care practices. Many did not achieve the target glycemic control for diabetes.
A comparative study between first three waves of COVID-19 pandemic with respect to risk factors, initial clinic-demographic profile, severity and outcome
Authors: Thakur Indranil , Chatterjee Arabinda , Ghosh Ashis Kumar , Chatterjee Shiv Sekhar , Saha Santanu , Panja Tanmaykanti , Dan Utpal 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
During the 2 years and 9 months from March 2020 to December 2022, the SARS-CoV-2 virus raged across the country. Cases occurred in three particular time clusters recognised by World Health Organisation as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) waves. In this study, we compare the clinical parameters of adult non-obstetric COVID-19 patients admitted to our rural tertiary care hospital during the three distinct waves of the pandemic.

Materials and Methods:
Retrospective chart analysis of 272, 853 and 97 patients admitted with SARS-CoV-2 infection to the only rural medical tertiary care centre in the Sunderbans of West Bengal in the first, second and third waves, respectively, was done after obtaining ethical and scientific clearance. Clinical [vital parameters, oxygen requirement, mental status, risk factor assessment, duration of hospital stay, modified-emergency warning score (m-EWS), quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA), confusion, uraemia, respiratory rate, blood pressure, age ≥ 65 years (CURB65)], epidemiological variables (age, gender, and vaccination status), laboratory parameters and in-hospital outcome were recorded and analysed statistically.

Results:
Statistically significant (P < 0.05) m-EWS and qSOFA scores were recorded during the second wave of the pandemic. The second wave also recorded the highest mortality (14.89%) compared to the first (12.87%) and third (11.96%) waves, though this was not statistically significant. The highest duration of hospital stay was recorded in the first wave of the pandemic (mean = 9.99 days, P < 0.01). The difference in mortality rates between patients with and without co-morbidity (P < 0.05) was observed during Wave-1, across any pandemic wave, and overall but not in Wave-2 and Wave-3.

Conclusion:
The second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic was the most severe in comparison with the other two waves, while the outcome was poorer in those with co-morbidities, especially in the first wave.
Prevalence of high-risk children and role of maternal factors on these children—findings of cross-sectional community-based study
Authors: Gupta Vivek , Nimonkar Ravi , Hiremath Ravishekar N. , Ahmed Shafique , Sinha Pooja , Huchchannavar Raghavendra 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Children, being the future of any nation, not only need special attention but also need a suiTable environment to have proper growth and development. They are also vulnerable to various diseases and disabilities. It is observed that certain maternal characteristics are helpful in the development and survival of such high-risk children.

Methodology:
A community-based, cross-sectional, analytic study was undertaken among children under 5 years of age in two slums. The population of both slums was 1550, out of which children under 5 years of age were 196 (12.64%), which constituted the study population. The “high-risk” children were identified based on pre-development criteria of “risk factors.” Data was collected by interview technique, physical examination of the children, and checking of medical documents. The data regarding “high-risk” children were analyzed to determine the association of “high-risk” children with maternal factors like birth order, education, and occupation of the mother and child being looked after as the mother’s substitute. The data obtained was subjected to standard statistical methods to achieve valid comparisons.

Results:
The present study revealed that out of 196 children under 5 years of age surveyed, 88 were “high-risk” children which constituted a prevalence rate of 44.89%. A significant association had been found between the prevalence of “high-risk” children and factors like birth order, education, and occupation of the mother and child being looked after by the mother’s substitute.

Conclusion:
The study showed a significant association between various maternal factors and high-risk children. Thus maternal social and environmental factors along with enhancing pregnancy health go a long way in preventing high-risk children and betterment of child health.
Development of a diagnostic nomogram for alpha-fetoprotein-negative hepatocellular carcinoma based on serological biomarkers
Authors: He Li , Zhang Cui , Liu Lan-Lan , Huang Li-Ping , Lu Wen-Jing , Zhang Yuan-Yuan , Zou De-Yong , Wang Yu-Fei , Zhang Qing , Yang Xiao-Li 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Serum biomarkers play an important role in the early diagnosis and prognosis of HCC. Because a certain percentage of HCC patients are negative for alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), the diagnosis of AFP-negative HCC is essential to improve the detection rate of HCC.
AIM
To establish an effective model for diagnosing AFP-negative HCC based on serum tumour biomarkers.
METHODS
A total of 180 HCC patients were enrolled in this study. The expression levels of GP73, des-γ-carboxyprothrombin (DCP), CK18-M65, and CK18-M30 were detected by a fully automated chemiluminescence analyser. The variables were selected by logistic regression analysis. Several models were constructed using stepwise backward logistic regression. The performance of the models was compared using the C statistic, integrated discrimination improvement, net reclassification improvement, and calibration curves. The clinical utility of the nomogram was assessed using decision curve analysis (DCA).
RESULTS
The results showed that the expression levels of GP73, DCP, CK18-M65, and CK18-M30 were significantly greater in AFP-negative HCC patients than in healthy controls (P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that GP73, DCP, and CK18-M65 were independent factors for diagnosing AFP-negative HCC. By comparing the diagnostic performance of multiple models, we included GP73 and CK18-M65 as the model variables, and the model had good discrimination ability (area under the curve = 0.946) and good goodness of fit. The DCA curves indicated the good clinical utility of the nomogram.
CONCLUSION
Our study identified GP73 and CK18-M65 as serum biomarkers with certain application value in the diagnosis of AFP-negative HCC. The diagnostic nomogram based on CK18-M65 combined with GP73 demonstrated good performance and effectively identified high-risk groups of patients with HCC.
Meta-analysis of transarterial chemoembolization combined with cryoablation vs transarterial chemoembolization alone for ≥ 5 cm hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Cheng Jie-Fei , Sun Qiu-Lian , Tang Ling , Xu Xin-Jian , Huang Xiang-Zhong 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks sixth globally in cancer incidence and third in mortality rates. Unfortunately, over 70% of HCC patients forego the opportunity for curative surgery or liver transplantation due to inadequate physical examinations, poor physical condition, and limited organ availability upon diagnosis. Clinical guidelines endorse transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) as the frontline treatment for intermediate to advanced-stage HCC. Cryoablation (CRA) is an emerging local ablative therapy increasingly used in HCC management. Recent studies suggest that combining CRA with TACE offers complementary and synergistic effects, potentially improving long-term survival rates. However, the superiority of combined TACE + CRA therapy over TACE alone for HCC lesions equal to or exceeding 5 cm requires further investigation.
AIM
To compare the efficacy and safety of TACE combined with CRA vs TACE alone in the treatment of HCC with a diameter of ≥ 5 cm.
METHODS
PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP databases were searched to retrieve all relevant studies on TACE and CRA up to July 2022. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software.
RESULTS
After screening according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 6 articles were included, including 2 randomized controlled trials and 4 nonrandomized controlled trials, with a total of 575 patients included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that the objective response rate [odds ratio (OR) = 2.56, 95% confidence interval (CI):1.66-3.96, P < 0.0001), disease control rate (OR = 3.03, 95%CI: 1.88-4.89, P < 0.00001), 1-year survival rate (OR = 3.79, 95%CI: 2.50-5.76, P < 0.00001), 2-year survival rate (OR = 2.34, 95%CI: 1.43-3.85, P = 0.0008), and 3-year survival rate (OR = 3.34, 95%CI: 1.61-6.94, P = 0.001) were all superior to those of the control group; the postoperative decrease in alpha-fetoprotein value (OR = 295.53, 95%CI: 250.22-340.85, P < 0.0001), the postoperative increase in CD4 value (OR = 10.59, 95%CI: 8.78-12.40, P < 0.00001), and the postoperative decrease in CD8 value (OR = 6.47, 95%CI: 4.44-8.50, P < 0.00001) were also significantly higher than those in the TACE-alone treatment group.
CONCLUSION
Compared with TACE-alone treatment, TACE + CRA combined treatment not only improves the immune function of HCC patients with a diameter of ≥ 5 cm, but also enhances the therapeutic efficacy and long-term survival rate, without increasing the risk of complications. Therefore, TACE + CRA combined treatment may be a more recommended treatment for patients with HCC with a diameter of ≥ 5 cm.
XÁC ĐỊNH TỔNG HÀM LƯỢNG HỢP CHẤT HỮU CƠ DỄ BAY HƠI TRONG BAO BÌ NHỰA POLYSTYRENE CÓ TIẾP XÚC VỚI THỰC PHẨM BẰNG KỸ THUẬT TD-GC/MS
Authors: NGUYỄN VĂN TRỌNG *  , HỒ VĂN TÀI  , TRẦN THỊ THANH THÚY  
Published: June 2024

Trong nghiên cứu này tổng thành phần các hợp chất hữu cơ dễ bay hơi được định danh thành phần dựa trên kỹ thuật giải hấp nhiệt kết hợp sắc ký khí ghép khối phổ (TD-GC/MS), tổng thành phần này được định lượng dựa trên trên tỉ lệ diện tích với styrene. Phương pháp GC-MS được thẩm định với 5 hoạt chất đại diện của nền mẫu nhựa polystyrene bao gồm toluene, styrene, isopropylbenzene, ethylbenzene, n-propylbenzene. Kết quả thẩm định cho thấy phương pháp có độ nhạy, độ lặp và độ tái lập cao với MDL và MQL lần lượt ethylbenzene (2,07 mg/kg và 6,89 mg/kg), isopropylbenzene (2,33 mg/kg và 7,76 mg/kg), n-propylbenzene (2,50 mg/kg và 8,33 mg/kg), styrene (2,26 mg/kg và 7,53 mg/kg), toluene (2,41 mg/kg và 8,03 mg/kg), độ đúng nằm trong khoảng 90,17 – 106,67 %. Phương pháp được sử dụng định lượng 30 mẫu nhựa có trên thị trường kết quả cho thấy hầu hết các mẫu đều phát hiện có thành phần VOCs nhưng không vượt ngưỡng cho phép theo quy chuẩn Việt Nam (QCVN 12-1:2017/BYT). Nghiên cứu này mong muốn đóng góp một phương pháp phân tích nhằm kiểm soát đánh giá chất lượng bao bì nhựa polystyrene có tiếp xúc với thực phẩm, kết quả phân tích khuyến cáo về các chất hữu cơ dễ bay hơi trong bao bì thôi nhiễm vào thực phẩm có thể ảnh hưởng sức khỏe cho người sử dụng.