bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retrospective study of outcome of diabetic laser treatment in Singapore National Eye Centre
Authors: WONG HYM , LIM LH , WONG YME 
Published: November 2010

Abstract Purpose To describe 2 year clinical outcomes for a retrospective study group of patients undergoing photocoagulation and focal laser treatment for diabetic retinopathy (DR)or maculopathy at an eye institution in Singapore. Methods Retrospective study Results 150 consecutive eyes were recruited.The mean age was 59.3 years old with 46% males and 54% females.Majority were type 2 diabetics (146 out of 150) with mean HBA1c of 8.4 %. Indication for pan retinal laser photocoagulation (PRP) was severe non proliferative DR and indication for macula laser was clinically significant macular edema(CSME). For patients with only PRP performed, the mean change in log mar visual acuity (VA) at 2 yrs was +0.121 +/‐0.46. DR status at 2 yrs was stable in 90.6% of the patients and the macula was unremarkable in 86.8% of the patients. In patients requiring only macula laser, there was improvement in log mar VA at 2 years, with a mean change of ‐0.085 +/‐ 0.18. Diabetic status was stable in 91.3% of the patients and the macula was dry in 95.7% of the patients. In patients undergoing both PRP and macula laser , there was improvement in VA with a mean log mar VA change of ‐0.095 +/‐0.45. DR status at 2 years was stable in 92% of the patients and the macula was dry in 88% of the patients.Complications of laser treatment include epiretinal membrane (5.3%), cystoid macular edema(0.7%)and scar creep(0.7%).0.9% of the patients developed CSME after commencing PRP. Conclusion There is an overall improvement in visual acuity in DR patients undergoing laser treatment. Most patients had stable DR at 2 yrs and there were few complications of the laser.
Share & correlation of data between the South‐East Anglia Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Services (SEA‐DRSS) & Addenbrooke’s University Hospital Diabetic Retinopathy Service (AUH‐DRS)
Authors: KARTHIKEYAN M , CILLIERS H , CHOW L , VERMA D 
Published: November 2010

Abstract Purpose The SEA‐DRSS refer mainly to AUH‐DRS. To better monitor outcomes, a database of referrals was created aimed to establish a network between SEA‐DRSS &AUH‐DRS to share &correlate data. 1. To assess referrals from SEA‐DRSS to AUH‐DRS &once assessed to monitor outcomes. 2. Are NICE referral guidelines being met &to predict impact on AUH‐DRS. Methods Prospective data of referrals &review of 50 patients in database from July–September 2009. All referral data recorded &at hospital assessment: visual acuities, ocular &systemic co‐morbidity, BP, HBA1c, grading according to DRS & EDTRS, outcomes for treatment &follow‐up. Results Data were collected for 46 patients with 3(6%) non‐attendance. Male:female=1.2: 1 DMType1:Type2=1:8 Mean age 26yrs DM Type1; 64yrs for DM Type2. 9.6w between referral &assessment. Meeting NICE guidelines &DR progression due to delay will be discussed. Correlation of VA &grading data between SEA‐DRSS &AUH‐DRS will be compared by statistical analysis taking contributing factors for DR like BP &HBA1c into account. Laser required by 16% with treatment &frequency will be discussed. Of 16(32%) referred for cataracts 50% were listed for surgery. 92% required follow‐up &we plan to elaborate on the impact on AUH‐DRS. Conclusion Increased demand is generated by referrals. Though few required laser, there is significant follow‐up required. Efficient &accurate DRSS‐referrals need to be matched in assessment by excellent hospital‐DRS with capacity to provide laser/surgical treatments &follow‐up. Prospective review of referrals &outcomes is required for future planning &cost‐structuring of AUH‐DRS.
Fluorescein angiography patterns associated with the effect of intravitreal bevacizumab injection for diabetic macular edema
Authors: KIM HS 
Published: November 2010

Abstract Purpose To analyze the fluorescein angiography (FAG) findings associated with the effect of intravitreal bevacizumab injection (IVB) for treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME). Methods Seventy eyes of 65 patients with DME were included in this prospective, non‐randomized pilot study. The changes in best‐corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT) on optical coherence tomography were evaluated considering the FAG pattern at baseline and 3 month after IVB. Results On baseline FAG, 20 eyes (28.6%) showed honeycomb type hyperfluorescence; 9 eyes (12.9%), petaloid type; and 41 eyes (58.6%), diffuse type. Three months after IVB, the mean decrease in CMT was 250.5 (198.78) μm in the case of the honeycomb and petaloid type, which was significantly larger than that in the case of the diffuse type 102.5 (147.72) μm (p = 0.03). The improvement in BCVA was 0.27 (0.30) logMAR in the case of the honeycomb and petaloid type and 0.11 (0.27) logMAR in the case of the diffuse type; this difference was statistically significant (p < 0.02). There was no statistical relationship between the leakage starting time and CMT or BCVA. Conclusion The effect of IVB for treatment of DME was better in eyes showing honeycomb and petaloid type hyperfluorescence on baseline FAG than those exhibiting diffuse type hyperfluorescence.
Non‐invasive imaging of human foveal capillary network using dual‐conjugate adaptive optics
Authors: SJÖSTRAND J , POPOVIC Z , KNUTSSON P , THAUNG J , OWNER‐PETERSEN M 
Published: November 2010

Abstract Purpose To demonstrate non‐invasive imaging of foveal capillary networks with a high‐resolution wide‐field dual‐conjugate adaptive optics (DCAO) imaging instrument. Methods The foveal capillary networks of five normal subjects were imaged with a novel high‐resolution wide‐field DCAO instrument. The foveal avascular zone (FAZ) in each image was defined using a manual procedure. An automated algorithm was used to identify vessels and extract morphological FAZ and vessel parameters. Capillary densities were calculated in two annular regions of interest (ROI) outside the FAZ (500 µm and 750 µm outer radius from the foveal center). Results Results: Mean FAZ area was 0.302 ± 0.100 mm2 and mean capillary density (length/area) in the inner ROI was 38.0 ± 4.0 mm‐1 and 36.4 ± 4.0 mm‐1 in the outer ROI. The difference in ROI capillary density was not significant. Conclusion We have demonstrated our technique for non‐invasive imaging and semi‐automated detection. Analysis of foveal capillaries yields lower capillary densities than reported in histological studies, but similar results compared to the current clinical gold standard of fluorescein angiography and AO‐SLO. The increased field of view of the DCAO instrument opens up new possibilities for high‐resolution non‐invasive clinical imaging of foveal capillaries.
Differences between the thickness measurements by the fast and normal StratusTM OCT protocols in diabetic macular edema
Authors: SZALAI I , TATRAI E , SOMFAI GM , NEMETH J 
Published: November 2010

Abstract Purpose Stratus OCT enables fast and normal scanning of the macula. It is unknown whether there are any differences between the measured values by these two protocols, therefore our purpose was to compare the central subfield mean thickness (CSMT), center point thickness (CPT) and total macular volume (TMV) measured by the fast and the normal protocols of Stratus OCT. Methods Twenty‐two eyes of 22 diabetic patients were recruited in this study. The inclusion criteria were diffuse diabetic macular edema on the fundus and CSMT more than 250 µm measured by the OCT fast protocol. Each eye was scanned by both types of OCT scanning protocols. CSMT, CPT and TMV values were recorded. The thickness values measured by the two types of protocols were compared using paired Student t‐test. The level of significance was set at 0.05. Results No significant difference was found between any of the parameters measured by the two OCT protocols. The mean difference (MD) between CSMT and CPT measured by fast and normal protocols were 0.77 ± 10.50 µm (range, 1‐29 µm; p=0.73) and 1.36 ± 21.55 µm (range, 0‐52 µm; p=0.77) which were 0.24% and 0.45% of the mean thickness, respectively. In case of TMV, the MD was 0.01 ± 0.12 mm3 (range, 0‐0.29 mm3; p=0.68) which was 0.12% of the mean TMV. Conclusion However, no significant difference was found between the thickness measurements, care must be taken when comparing CSMT and CPT values between the fast and normal protocols in eyes with diffuse diabetic macular edema because inner retinal boundary detection errors can be present at the cystoid cavities influencing the thickness measurements.
Reproducibility of non‐mydriatic retinographies
Authors: RAMIREZ MERCADO G , BONNIN‐ARIAS C , NAVARRO‐VALLS JJ , GONZALEZ‐ MONTERO G , MARTIN‐PEREZ Y , SANCHEZ RAMOS C 
Published: November 2010

Abstract Purpose The purpose is to know the stability of the taken registries basic of eye by means of non‐Mydriatic retinography. Methods The sample has been of 20 eyes of young people of both sexes between 19 and 35 years old. The measurements were carried out with a non‐mydriatic retinal camera model Topcon TRC‐NW8 in mesopic conditions maintaining the fixation point stable. The number of times in wich each eye was measured was 10. Two coordinates in each of the five points determined were located, points that are: P1_First intersection point between the nasal Vein superior and papilla; P2_First intersection point between the nasal Artery inferior with papilla; P3_First intersection point of the nasal Vein inferior with papilla (the direction always was according to the needles of the clock); P4_First Bifurcation nasal Vein; P5 superior_First Bifurcation nasal Artery superior. For the statistic analysis was used the Statgraphics plus 5.0. Results OD: x1= 2735.7 ± 18.1,y1= 1248.6 ± 8.12,x2= 2821 ± 20,y2= 1599.1 ± 11.94,x3= 2888.6 ± 18.88,y3= 1554.5 ± 9.8,x4= 2727.5 ± 19.2,y4= 1095.5 ± 9.9,x5= 2347.5 ± 18.7,y5= 609 ± 12 OI:x1= 1511.36 ± 6.5,y1= 1153 ± 12.5,x2= 1507.36 ± 7.2,y2= 1512.63 ± 14.7,x3= 1432.45 ± 8.2,y3= 1497.36± 13.2,x4= 1691.36 ± 6.5,y4= 988.72 ± 13.1,x5= 1833.18 ± 8.2,y5= 840.54 ± 10.8 The measurements obtained with non‐mydriatic retinal camera are very similar, therefore, the variations of the deviation only oscillated between the 0,16% and 4,85% Conclusion The reproducibility of the registries of non‐mydriatic retinal camera is very elevated for the selected points. These results enable us to consider the retina as a key element to implement in new security devices.
Intravitreal bevacizumab (AVASTIN®) in the treatment of diabetic macular oedema
Authors: ADEPEGBA OA , SIVAPRASAD S , MCHUGH DM 
Published: November 2010

Abstract Purpose To report visual acuity and anatomic response to intravitreal bevacizumab(IVB) injection in patients with persistent diabetic macular oedma(DMO). Methods Clinic notes of 19 patients (20eyes)were retrospectively evaluated. VA in ETDRS, central retinal thickness (CRT) and number of IVB (1.25mg/0.05mi)injections required was recorded. All patients underwent at least one FFA prior to IVB therapy. Re‐treatment was PRN based on persistent or increase in fluid with drop of VA.Previous treatments included triamcinolone (IVTA),grid (micropulse and green) lasers.Follow up was every 6weeks. Results The mean age was 69.5±6.9 (range 59‐81) years. All eyes had previous lasers. Seven eyes had both laser and IVTA. Mean number of bevacizuamab injection was 1.15. Three eyes received 2nd injection at mean of 13.3weeks (range 4‐24) and 1 eye a 3rd injection at 9weeks. The average interval between the grid lasers and avastin therapy was 18.9weeks (SD=10.35). Mean follow up was 6.45±1.1 (6‐9) months. The mean baseline VA was 42.51±16.24 and mean baseline CRT was 471±95.23. The mean change in vision at 1st 3rd and 6th month was +10.8, +11.8 and +13.2(p=0.0867) The mean reduction in CRT from baseline was ‐101.36µm,‐167.7µm and‐149.25µm at month 1, 3 and 6 respectively. (p= 0.00912). Three patients completed 9months follow up with a mean change in VA of +10.83 and CRT of‐105µm. Twenty‐ five percent gained >15letters, 75% maintained stable vision and none lost more than 15 letters. No complications recorded. Conclusion Intravitreal bevacizumab 1.25mg was followed by improvement of vision and a significant reduction in persistent DMO. Further, larger studies are needed to evaluate the long term efficacy and safety of IVB on persistent diabetic macular oedema.
Clinical management of vascular retinopathy in diabetic patients and the impact on their QoL: REDIMA Study
Authors: LOPEZ MI , GOMEZ ULLA F , TORRES IMAZ R , CERVERA TAULET E , FERNANDEZ ARIAS I 
Published: November 2010

Abstract Purpose to determine the clinical management of vascular retinopathy (VR) in diabetic patients and the impact on their QoL. Determine the progression of the VR in the 6 months after diagnosis and evaluate the correlation between the evolution of the systemic disease and progression of the VR Methods Patients with type 1 or 2 diabetes, ≥18 years, with new diagnosed vascular retinopathy (without treatment and with clinically significant macular edema) were included in this ongoing, epidemiological, 6‐months prospective, multicentric study Results Data of 219 patients were evaluated at baseline. Mean age was 64 ± 11.8 years, 179 (85.2%) had type 2 diabetes and 31 (14.8%) type 1. 93.9% (200/213) presented diabetic retinopathy (DR), 71.2% (151/212) had bilateral macular edema, 5.7% (11/194) showed central retinal vein occlusion, and 10.2% (18/177) presented branch retinal vein occlusion. Surgical treatment for retinal pathology was started with laser in 64.4% of patients (112/174), panphotocoagulation in 41.1% (58/141) and vitrectomy for 9.1% (12/132) and medical treatment with sodium pegaptanib in 61 subjects (29.8%), triamcinolone in 19 (9.3%), in 8 (3.9%) with bevacizumab and in 4 (2.0%) with ranibizumab. 81.3% (170/209) were considered to have cardiovascular risk. Mean score for General Health subscale (NEI VFQ‐25;100 best; 0 worst) was 37.4±19, and 56.8±16.4 for General Vision subscale Conclusion Data recording is continuing to study the evolution after 6 months
Hyperbaric oxygen and nadroparin calcium in the therapy of combined branch retinal artery and central retinal vein occlusion
Authors: PINNA A , FIMIANI F , TENDAS D , BOLOGNINI A , CARTA F 
Published: November 2010

Abstract Purpose Branch retinal artery obstruction with simultaneous central retinal vein occlusion (BRAO/CRVO) is a rare condition. We describe 3 cases of BRAO/CRVO successfully treated with hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) and subcutaneous nadroparin calcium. Methods The first patient, a 42‐year‐old man, developed sudden visual loss (hand‐motion) in his left eye one day after tonsillectomy. The second patient, a 60‐year‐old man with hypercholesterolemia, complained of sudden visual loss (finger counting) in his left eye upon arising. The third patient, an apparently healthy 39‐year‐old bricklayer, noted an acute decrease in his left vision (20/70) while working. In all patients, fundus evaluation and fluorescein angiography revealed BRAO/CRVO. Results All patients were treated with HBO at 2.5 atmospheres (15‐20 sessions) and subcutaneous nadroparin calcium (200 UI/Kg/die) for 6 weeks. Two months later, there was complete resolution of the clinical signs of BRAO/CRVO and left visual acuity was 20/25 in patient 1, 20/32 in patient 2, and 20/20 in patient 3. Patient 2 had an improvement in the left visual field, but there was still a discrete cecocentral scotoma. Conclusion In these 3 patients with BRAO/CRVO, vision returned to near normal after prompt treatment with HBO and subcutaneous nadroparin calcium. We have to acknowledge that the effect of our intervention cannot be determined from 3 cases and no control. Nevertheless, a comparison between our results and those reported in similar cases seem to suggest that this therapy may be beneficial in the management of BRAO/CRVO.
Ranibizumab for macular edema following branch retinal vein occlusion
Authors: CRUZ N , PINILLA I , CASAS P , GARCIA‐MARTIN E , IDOIPE M , FUERTES I , CASCANTE M , CRISTOBAL BESCOS JA 
Published: November 2010

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the efficacy and safeness of intraocular injections of Ranibizumab followed by grid photocoagulation in patients with macular edema (ME) secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). Methods Prospective study of 12 eyes with ME secondary to BRVO. Eyes were injected with 0.5 of Ranibizumab at the diagnosis time. Thirty days after the injection grid laser was applied in the area of capillary diffusion. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and macular thickness measured by Cirrus‐HD Optical Coherence Tomography were evaluate, at the time of diagnosis, 1 month after injection an 3, 6, and 12 months after the laser. Results The mean BCVA at diagnosis was 0.34. One month after Ranibizumab BCVA was 0.53. Three,6 and 12 months after the laser the BCVA was 0.56, 0.65 and 0.73. The macular average thickness 1, 3, 6 and 12 months of treatment was 437, 300, 292 and 232 microns respectively. No safety events were found. Conclusion Single intraocular injection of Ranibizumab at the diagnosis of BRVO combined with grid photocoagulation could be an effectiveopton to accelerate visual recovery, improving the quality of life and VA since the first month of treatment.
Intravitreal bevacizumab for the treatment of macular edema secondary to branch and central vein occlusion
Authors: KORT F , CHEBIL A , BOURAOUI R , BOULADI M , CHAKER N , LAAJIMI M , EL MATRI L 
Published: November 2010

Abstract Purpose To evaluate functional and anatomic response after intravitreal Bevacizumab (IVB) injections in patients with macular edema secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) and central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). Methods Records of thirty patients (30 eyes) with macular edema secondary to BRVO (28 eyes) and CRVO (12 eyes) treated with IVB, were retrospectively reviewed. Best‐corrected visual acuity (BCVA) evaluation, fluorescein angiography (FA), central retinal thickness (CRT) measured with optical coherence tomography (OCT) were assessed at baseline and follow up visits in all the cases for up to 12 months. IVB injections (1.25 mg, 0.05 ml) were performed at 4‐week intervals. Retreatment was based on BCVA and CRT findings. Results Mean BCVA was 20/200 at baseline and improved significantly to 20/57 after 6 months (p = .029). At 12 months mean BCVA was 20/100 (p = .055). Mean CRT was 568 μm at baseline and decreased to 211 μm after 6 months (p <.05) and 223µm at 12 months (p<.05). Mean number of injections was 4.2 over 12 months. No complications were observed. Conclusion In patients with macular edema secondary to branch and central retinal vein occlusion, intravitreal bevacizumab injection seems to be an effective and safe therapeutic option.
Management of talc retinopathy in addicts on crushed tianeptine tablets solution
Authors: BARDEEVA J , RYABTCEVA A 
Published: November 2010

Abstract Purpose Description of retinopathy among drug addicts using intravenous mortars from the crushed tianeptine tablets appeared in Russia since 2006. Methods 11 patients were treated. In all patients there was a decrease in visual acuity of both eyes, less than 10/100. In 7 patients neoangiogenesis retina of both eyes was revealed, 4 of those were complicated by intravitreal hemorrhages and iris rubeoz. 1 male had peripheral, others ‐ central neovascularization including of the optic disk. The follow up period was about 2 years.In patients referred during first month of decreasing visual acuity no ophthalmoscope signs оf proliferation and angiogenesis was noted. Fluorescent angiography identified total violation of perfusion of the retina. That was argument for laser photocoagulation. Laser treatment had being done within 4 months, consisted in application of 1600‐2600 spots 300‐500 mkn. Blockers VEGF had been used in the cases of neovascular glaucoma. Vitrectomy was the last chance in cases with tractional retinal detachment and hemophthalm. Results The stabilization of process was achieved in patients with early retinopathy during the of laser coagulation before development newly formed vessels. As a result of early treatment a complete resorbtion of macular edema by 6 months with a gradual atrophy nerve fiber layer according to the OCT. Visual acuity was maintained the same as at the first referral. Benefits of panretinal laser photocoagulation in cases of retinal neovascularization and optic nerve is doubtful, positive dynamics was not observed. Conclusion Retinopathy as a result of intravenous оf crushed tianeptine solution use is similar to talc retinopathy.Early laser treatment can be recommended before proliferation occur.
Bilateral obliterating periphlebitis in Gitelman syndrome
Authors: FUERTES MI , GARCIA‐MARTIN E , PINILLA I , IDOIPE M , CRUZ N , CALVO P 
Published: November 2010

Abstract Purpose Gitelman syndrome (GS) is a rare inherited defect in the distal tubule of the kidneys, characterized by a remarkable reduction of salt transportation. Consequently, GS patients present renal salt wasting, low blood pressure, hypochloremia, hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis and hypercalciuria. Some patients are completely asymptomatic but others show transient periods of muscle weakness, tetany, paresthesias, paralysis or cardiac rhythm alterations. Sclerochoroidal calcifications have been reported in GS. Methods A 44 year old female, diagnosed as GS after suffering an acute hypopotassemia episode 2 months before, arrived at the ER complaining of sudden vision diminution in her left eye (LE). She underwent a comprehensive ophthalmic examination and a fluorescein angiography (FA). Results The best‐corrected visual acuity on Snellen chart was RE 10/10 and LE 6/10. Funducopic examination showed a bilateral obliterating periphlebitis with sheathed venous vessels and vitritis in her LE. Blood pressure was 96/63 mm Hg. Blood and urine test showed hypopotassemia (2.6mEq/l) and hypocalciuria, despite of the administration of magnessium, postassium and aspartic acid oral supplements. The FA showed vascular sheathed, venous occlusion, macular edema and peripheral ischemia. The patient received medical treatment including a subtenon injection of triamcinolone, mydriatic and esteroid eye drops and oral prednisone 1mg/Kg per day. After a worsening of her RE BCVA, she showed a slow improvement being the prednisone dose progressively reduced. The vasculitis subsided with persistence of peripheral sclerosed vessels in both eyes. Conclusion GS can be the cause of an acute obliterating periphlebitis that required high corticosteroid doses to be controlled.
Coats´ disease diagnosed in the adulthood
Authors: CRUZ N , PINILLA I , GARCIA‐MARTIN E , IDOIPE M , FUERTES I , CABEZON L , JIMENEZ DEL RIO B , CRISTOBAL BESCOS JA 
Published: November 2010

Abstract Purpose Coast´s disease is an idiopathic unilateral exudative retinal vasculopathy characterized by telangiectasias and irregular dilatation of retinal vessels leading to intra‐and subretinal exudation and lipid deposition. Typically occurs in childhood but sometimes could be found in adults. Methods 34 years old male referred diminished visual acuity (VA) of the left eye (LE). VA was RE 10/10, LE 3/10. Anterior pole and IOP were normal. LE fundoscopy showed peripheral telangiectasias, vascular sheathing and subretinal exudation. Macular edema existed beyond the vascular arcades surrounded by lipid exudation. Optical coherence tomography (Stratus OCT) showed an increase macular thickness (370µ), and fluorescence angiography showed early hyperfluorescence the telangiectasias, and mild late hyperfluorescence of the subretinal fluid. Results Coats´ disease was diagnosed and photocoagulacion was performed. Two months later, VA was 9/10 with diminution of lipid exudation. Macular thikness was 232µ. Conclusion The diagnosis of Coats´ disease is established by the appearance of the retina. OCT and AGF are useful for monitoring the progression. Coats´ disease the adulthood remains localized, and with slower progression. Laser treatment is still the first option.