bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of Basal and Foliar Nutrition on Kabuli Gram (Cicer kabulium L.) Cultivars
Authors: Patidar Kapil , Birla Jinendra , Singh Shivpal , Patidar Girish 
Published: June 2024

A field experiment was conducted at Mahatma Gandhi Chitrakoot Gramodaya Vishwavidyalaya, Chitrakoot, Satna (M.P.) during rabi 2014-15 and 2015-16 with a view to find out the suitable kabuli variety of chickpea and their nutrient management through basal and foliar feeding. Treatment of consisted three kabuli chickpea varieties (Subhra, Ujjwal and Kripa) and four nutrient management practices (100% NPK basal + water spray, 50% NPK basal + 2% DAP spray at 30 DAS, 50% NPK basal + 2% DAP spray at 30 & 50 DAS and 75% NPK basal + 2% DAP spray at 30 DAS). Yield attributes of chickpea viz. number of pods per plant and seed weight/plant were statistically at par in all varieties while seeds/pod was higher in Ujjwal and 1000- seed weight in Kripa. The grain yield (1313 kg/ha), straw yield (2670 kg/ha) and net returns of Rs. 73518 were maximum under Subhra variety of kabuli chickpea. Among the nutrient management, the yield contributing characters such as number of pods/plant, seeds/pod, 1000- seed weight, seed yield per plant, grain yield (1183 kg/ha) and straw yield (2405 kg/ha) were found significantly superior in 100% NPK basal + water spray followed by 75% NPK basal + 2% DAP spray at 30 DAS. The net returns of Rs. 62847 and B:C ratio of 4.8 were recorded maximum under Subhara (3.72) and 50% NPK basal + 2% DAP spray at 30 DAS.
Correlation and Path Coefficient Analysis among Yield and Yield Associated Traits in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Accessions in the ‘Terai’ Region of Uttarakhand
Authors: K R Aishwarya , Singh Dhirendra , S D Pradeep , Mehta Tanvi , Singh Khyati , Fandan Renu , Nitwal Renu , Singh J P. 
Published: June 2024

In a breeding program, knowledge regarding the direct and indirect effects of traits and understanding the traits' relationships in potato genotypes are vital prerequisites for crop improvement. The main focus of the research was to assess the correlation and path analysis in 32 CPRI advanced potato breeding lines using a randomized block design with three replications to direct proper selection criteria for tuber yield in the Terai region of Uttarakhand. Each genotype was assessed for twelve yield-related traits, and the mean data was used for further analysis. Correlation coefficient analysis showed that the average weight of tubers per plant, number of tubers per plant, tuber length, tuber girth, number of branches per plant, and plant height contributed to the highest positive correlation with tuber yield. The path coefficient result revealed that the average weight of tubers per plant, number of tubers per plant, and number of branches per plant had the highest positive direct effect on yield, whereas the effects of other traits were low. Therefore, these specific characters could be used as selection criteria to improve the yield performance of potatoes.
A “PEC” das domésticas e a luta anticapitalista: tensionando o valor do reconhecimento social
Authors: Garcia de Mello Luciana 
Published: June 2024

Esse artigo objetiva tensionar o valor do reconhecimento social para a luta anticapitalista, que ocorre no mercado de trabalho. A teoria de Axel Honneth considera que a institucionalização de novos valores e normas está relacionada à ampliação da liberdade social. Adotando como referência a luta das trabalhadoras domésticas, questiona-se o alcance do reconhecimento para impactar o conflito capital versus trabalho e promover maior justiça social. Tal mudança está vinculada à luta anticapitalista. Como metodologia utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo do livro “Eu, empregada doméstica”. Concluiu-se que o reconhecimento por si só não é suficiente para mudar o sistema capitalista.
A Petrobras como um vetor da contrarrevolução preventiva brasileira: a relação entre o empresariado e as políticas petrolíferas no contexto do golpe de 1964
Authors: Cesar Pereira de Carvalho Julio 
Published: June 2024

Este artigo tem o objetivo de evidenciar a cadência orgânica entre a Petrobras, a ditadura e as classes dominantes brasileiras. Na trilha dos autores que identificam o golpe de 1964 e o regime então instituído como militar e empresarial, são evidenciados elementos que apontam a ascensão de atores vinculados às indústrias privadas pela estrutura organizativa do Estado, em geral, e da Petrobras, em particular. Esse processo, segundo hipótese que rege o estudo, foi resultante do fato de a estatal do petróleo ter sido um dos vetores da contrarrevolução preventiva acirrada a partir da década de 1950.
Empresários, senhoras, fardas e estolas: a campanha da classe dominante pelo golpe civil-militar de 1964
Authors: Rodrigues Marques Marlon 
Published: June 2024

O artigo analisa o papel de parcela importante de religiosos e leigos católicos aliados a classe dominante no patrocínio, organização e execução das grandes mobilizações populares que culminaram na destituição de João Goulart e no golpe civil-militar de 1964. Demonstramos que eventos como a Cruzada do Rosário em Família e a Marcha da Família com Deus pela liberdade foram gestadas na antessala de aparelhos privados de hegemonia como as Ligas Femininas e o complexo IPES/IBAD. O ativo engajamento de leigos e religiosos católicos nesse processo sinaliza que parcela do catolicismo brasileiro não só aderiu a solução autoritária como também ajudou a construí-la através de uma campanha de desestabilização que aliava medo, conservadorismo e politização da fé.
Yolk–Shell Hybrid Materials with a Periodic Mesoporous Organosilica Shell: Ideal Nanoreactors for Selective Alcohol Oxidation
Authors: Liu Jian , Yang Heng Quan , Kleitz Freddy , Chen Zhi Gang , Yang Tianyu , Strounina Ekaterina , Lu Gao Qing (Max) , Qiao Shi Zhang 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThis contribution describes the preparation of multifunctional yolk–shell nanoparticles (YSNs) consisting of a core of silica spheres and an outer shell based on periodic mesoporous organosilica (PMO) with perpendicularly aligned mesoporous channels. The new yolk–shell hybrid materials were synthesised through a dual mesophase and vesicle soft templating method. The mesostructure of the shell, the dimension of the hollow space (4∼52 nm), and the shell thickness (16∼34 nm) could be adjusted by precise tuning of the synthesis parameters, as evidenced by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and nitrogen sorption investigations. Various metal nanoparticles (e.g., Au, Pt, and Pd) were encapsulated and confined in the void space between the core and the shell using impregnation and reduction of adequate metal precursors. The selective oxidation of various alcohol substrates was then carried out to illustrate the benefits of such an architecture in catalysis. High conversion (∼100%) and excellent selectivity (∼99%) were obtained over Pd nanoparticles encapsulated in the hybrid PMO yolk–shell structures.
Sensing of Vaporous Organic Compounds by TiO2 Porous Films Covered with Polythiophene Layers
Authors: Kimura Mutsumi , Sakai Ryousuke , Sato Seiko , Fukawa Tadashi , Ikehara Tsuyoshi , Maeda Ryutaro , Mihara Takashi 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThis paper describes the detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) through analyses of two output signals from integrated microcantilever sensor arrays coated with organic‐inorganic hybrid sensing layers. The surface of TiO2 porous films was modified by amphiphilic terthiophene monomers and the adsorbed monomers were polymerized at the surface of TiO2 nanoparticles. The TiO2 porous films covered with polythiophene layers worked as highly sensitive sensing interfaces to provide two output signals for weight and resistance changes during exposure to VOC vapor. When the TiO2 porous films onto the sensor arrays were dyed with various kinds of amphiphilic monomers with different substituents, the resulting films provide exact information on VOC concentration from the mass changes as well as VOC classification from the analyses of response patterns.
Molecular Design of Interfacial Modifiers for Polymer‐Inorganic Hybrid Solar Cells
Authors: Yu Jusfong , Shen Tsung‐Lung , Weng Wei‐Hsiang , Huang Yu‐Chen , Huang Ching‐I , Su Wei‐Fang , Rwei Syang‐Peng , Ho Kuo‐Chuan , Wang Leeyih 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe heterojunction of poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and TiO2 in hybrid solar cells is systematically engineered with four cyanoacrylic acid‐containing conjugated molecules with various lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) levels, WL‐1 to WL‐4, which are prepared by the formylation of thiophene derivatives in a Vilsmeier–Haack reaction, followed by treatment with cyanoacetic acid. The optical characteristics, redox properties, and intrinsic dipole moments of these interfacial modifiers (IMs) are examined using UV‐vis spectrophotometry, cyclic voltammetry, and density functional theory calculations. Using cyanoacrylic acid as a terminal anchoring group in IMs increases the electron affinity in regions close to the titania surface and forms a molecular dipole that is orientated away from the TiO2 surface, enabling both open‐circuit voltage (VOC) and short‐circuit current density to be increased simultaneously. Photovoltaic measurements demonstrate that VOC increases with the dipole moment of IMs along the molecular backbone. Moreover, the external quantum efficiency (EQE) spectra display a bimodal distribution, revealing that both IMs and P3HT contribute to the photocurrent. The EQE at 570 nm is identified as characteristic of P3HT. More importantly, the LUMO of the IMs decisively determines the dissociation efficiency of P3HT excitons. The device based on P3HT/WL‐4/TiO2 exhibits the highest power conversion efficiency of 2.87%.
A melting pot of multicontinental mtDNA lineages in admixed Venezuelans
Authors: Gómez‐Carballa Alberto , Ignacio‐Veiga Ana , Álvarez‐Iglesias Vanesa , Pastoriza‐Mourelle Ana , Ruíz Yarimar , Pineda Lennie , Carracedo Ángel , Salas Antonio 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe arrival of Europeans in Colonial and post‐Colonial times coupled with the forced introduction of sub‐Saharan Africans have dramatically changed the genetic background of Venezuela. The main aim of the present study was to evaluate, through the study of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation, the extent of admixture and the characterization of the most likely continental ancestral sources of present‐day urban Venezuelans. We analyzed two admixed populations that have experienced different demographic histories, namely, Caracas (n = 131) and Pueblo Llano (n = 219). The native American component of admixed Venezuelans accounted for 80% (46% haplogroup [hg] A2, 7% hg B2, 21% hg C1, and 6% hg D1) of all mtDNAs; while the sub‐Saharan and European contributions made up ∼10% each, indicating that Trans‐Atlantic immigrants have only partially erased the native American nature of Venezuelans. A Bayesian‐based model allowed the different contributions of European countries to admixed Venezuelans to be disentangled (Spain: ∼38.4%, Portugal: ∼35.5%, Italy: ∼27.0%), in good agreement with the documented history. Seventeen entire mtDNA genomes were sequenced, which allowed five new native American branches to be discovered. B2j and B2k, are supported by two different haplotypes and control region data, and their coalescence ages are 3.9 k.y. (95% C.I. 0–7.8) and 2.6 k.y. (95% C.I. 0.1–5.2), respectively. The other clades were exclusively observed in Pueblo Llano and they show the fingerprint of strong recent genetic drift coupled with severe historical consanguinity episodes that might explain the high prevalence of certain Mendelian and complex multi‐factorial diseases in this region. Am J Phys Anthropol 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Übergangsmetallkatalysierte denitrogenierende Transanellierungen: Umwandlung von Triazolen in andere heterocyclische Systeme
Authors: Chattopadhyay Buddhadeb , Gevorgyan Vladimir 
Published: November 2011

AbstractDie übergangsmetallkatalysierte denitrogenierende Transanellierung eines Triazolrings wurde kürzlich als ein neues Konzept für den Aufbau diverser stickstoffhaltiger heterocyclischer Kerne beschrieben. Die Methode ermöglicht eine einstufige Synthese von komplexen Stickstoffheterocyclen aus leicht zugänglichen und preisgünstigen Triazolvorläufern. In diesem Kurzaufsatz werden die jüngsten Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der übergangsmetallkatalysierten denitrogenierenden Transanellierung von Triazolen erläutert.
Single‐Molecule Analysis Using DNA Origami
Authors: Rajendran Arivazhagan , Endo Masayuki , Sugiyama Hiroshi 
Published: November 2011

AbstractDuring the last two decades, scientists have developed various methods that allow the detection and manipulation of single molecules, which have also been called “in singulo” approaches. Fundamental understanding of biochemical reactions, folding of biomolecules, and the screening of drugs were achieved by using these methods. Single‐molecule analysis was also performed in the field of DNA nanotechnology, mainly by using atomic force microscopy. However, until recently, the approaches used commonly in nanotechnology adopted structures with a dimension of 10–20 nm, which is not suitable for many applications. The recent development of scaffolded DNA origami by Rothemund made it possible for the construction of larger defined assemblies. One of the most salient features of the origami method is the precise addressability of the structures formed: Each staple can serve as an attachment point for different kinds of nanoobjects. Thus, the method is suitable for the precise positioning of various functionalities and for the single‐molecule analysis of many chemical and biochemical processes. Here we summarize recent progress in the area of single‐molecule analysis using DNA origami and discuss the future directions of this research.
N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Catalyzed Domino Reactions
Authors: Grossmann André , Enders Dieter 
Published: November 2011

AbstractWhile organocatalyzed domino reactions or “organocascade catalysis” developed into an important tool in synthetic chemistry during the past decade, the utility of N‐heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) as catalysts in domino reactions has only received growing attention in the past three years. Taking into account the unique activation modes of the substrates by NHC catalysts, it is often difficult to distinguish between a single chemical transformation and a sequential one‐pot transformation. Therefore, herein we present a critical consideration of domino, cascade, and tandem catalysis in the case of NHC catalysts and highlight recent publications in this area.
Determination of cyclobenzaprine in human plasma by liquid chromatography‐electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry and its application in a pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Xiang Yi , Zhou Liping , Qian Zhenyu , Peng Kelong , Li Dongyan , Chen Xiaomei , Jiang Hongliang , Zheng Heng 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACTA sensitive, rapid and simple liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC‐ESI‐MS/MS) method was developed for the quantitative determination of cyclobenzaprine in human plasma, to study the pharmacokinetic behavior of cyclobenzaprine capsule in healthy Chinese volunteers. With escitalopram as the internal standard (IS), sample pretreatment involved a one‐step liquid–liquid extraction using saturated sodium carbonate solution and hexane–diethyl ether (3:1, v/v). The separation was performed on an Ultimate XB‐CN column (150 × 2.1 mm, 5 µm). Isocratic elution was applied using acetonitrile–water (40:60, v/v) containing 10 m M ammonium acetate and 0.1% formic acid. The detection was carried out on a triple‐quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer in multiple reaction monitoring mode via electrospray ionization. The ion‐pairs including m/z 276.2–216.2 for cyclobenzaprine and m/z 325.2–109.1 for IS were used for monitoring. Linear calibration curves were obtained over the range of 0.049–29.81 ng/mL with the lower limit of quantification at 0.049 ng/mL. The intra‐ and inter‐day precision showed ≤6.5% relative standard deviation. The established method laid the groundwork for follow‐up studies and provided basis for the clinical administration of cyclobenzaprine. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Directed Evolution Strategies for Enantiocomplementary Haloalkane Dehalogenases: From Chemical Waste to Enantiopure Building Blocks
Authors: van Leeuwen Jan G. E. , Wijma Hein J. , Floor Robert J. , van der Laan Jan‐Metske , Janssen Dick B. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractWe used directed evolution to obtain enantiocomplementary haloalkane dehalogenase variants that convert the toxic waste compound 1,2,3‐trichloropropane (TCP) into highly enantioenriched (R)‐ or (S)‐2,3‐dichloropropan‐1‐ol, which can easily be converted into optically active epichlorohydrins—attractive intermediates for the synthesis of enantiopure fine chemicals. A dehalogenase with improved catalytic activity but very low enantioselectivity was used as the starting point. A strategy that made optimal use of the limited capacity of the screening assay, which was based on chiral gas chromatography, was developed. We used pair‐wise site‐saturation mutagenesis (SSM) of all 16 noncatalytic active‐site residues during the initial two rounds of evolution. The resulting best R‐ and S‐enantioselective variants were further improved in two rounds of site‐restricted mutagenesis (SRM), with incorporation of carefully selected sets of amino acids at a larger number of positions, including sites that are more distant from the active site. Finally, the most promising mutations and positions were promoted to a combinatorial library by using a multi‐site mutagenesis protocol with restricted codon sets. To guide the design of partly undefined (ambiguous) codon sets for these restricted libraries we employed structural information, the results of multiple sequence alignments, and knowledge from earlier rounds. After five rounds of evolution with screening of only 5500 clones, we obtained two strongly diverged haloalkane dehalogenase variants that give access to (R)‐epichlorohydrin with 90 % ee and to (S)‐epichlorohydrin with 97 % ee, containing 13 and 17 mutations, respectively, around their active sites.
Identification of Late‐Stage Glycosylation Steps in the Biosynthetic Pathway of the Anthracycline Nogalamycin
Authors: Siitonen Vilja , Claesson Magnus , Patrikainen Pekka , Aromaa Maria , Mäntsälä Pekka , Schneider Gunter , Metsä‐Ketelä Mikko 
Published: November 2011

AbstractNogalamycin is an anthracycline antibiotic that has been shown to exhibit significant cytotoxicity. Its biological activity requires two deoxysugar moieties: nogalose and nogalamine, which are attached at C7 and C1, respectively, of the aromatic polyketide aglycone. Curiously, the aminosugar nogalamine is also connected through a CC bond between C2 and C5′′. Despite extensive molecular genetic characterization of early biosynthetic steps, nogalamycin glycosylation has not been investigated in detail. Here we show that expression of the majority of the gene cluster in Streptomyces albus led to accumulation of three new anthracyclines, which unexpectedly included nogalamycin derivatives in which nogalamine was replaced either by rhodosamine with the CC bond intact (nogalamycin R) or by 2‐deoxyfucose without the CC bond (nogalamycin F). In addition, a monoglycosylated intermediate—3′,4′‐demethoxynogalose‐1‐hydroxynogalamycinone—was isolated. Importantly, when the remaining biosynthetic genes were introduced into the heterologous host by using a two‐plasmid system, nogalamycin could be isolated from the cultures, thus indicating that the whole gene cluster had been identified. We further show that one of the three glycosyltransferases (GTs) residing in the cluster—snogZ—appears to be redundant, whereas gene inactivation experiments revealed that snogE and snogD act as nogalose and nogalamine transferases, respectively. The substrate specificity of the nogalamine transferase SnogD was demonstrated in vitro: the enzyme was able to remove 2deoxyfucose from nogalamycin F. All of the new compounds were found to inhibit human topoisomerase I in activity measurements, whereas only nogalamycin R showed minor activity against topoisomerase II.
A novel approach to the treatment of recurrent non‐atherosclerotic carotid stenosis in a patient with takayasu arteritis
Authors: Tann Stephen M. , Pershad Ashish 
Published: November 2011

AbstractTakayasu arteritis is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease of medium‐ and large‐sized arteries which frequently affects the major supra‐aortic vessels. Morbidity and mortality with both medical and surgical treatments for this disease are high. In the past decade, angioplasty and stenting has emerged as a reasonable alternative to treatment of stenoses in these patients. Restenosis rates of percutaneously treated Takayasu lesions have been higher than with non‐inflammatory lesions. Novel approaches are being sought to treat restenoses in these patients, such as the use of a stent grafts. Such a case is described in this report. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Initial experience with a dedicated coronary re‐entry device for revascularization of chronic total occlusions
Authors: Whitlow Patrick L. , Lombardi William L. , Araya Mario , Michael Wyman R. , Torres Humberto , Dauvergne Christian , Tsuchikane Etsuo , Lansky Alexandra , Thompson Craig A. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractObjective: The aim of this registry was to evaluate a new device designed to facilitate antegrade guidewire re‐entry into the true lumen of a chronic total coronary occlusion (CTO) from the adjacent subintimal space. Background: Successful recanalization of CTOs results in clinical improvement in appropriately selected patients. CTO intervention is time‐ and resource‐consuming, and a simplified approach enabling antegrade guidewire re‐entry into the distal true lumen might improve success. Methods: Patients with CTO and ischemia were entered into a prospective registry regardless of lesion characteristics. If wire manipulation resulted in subintimal wire entrapment, a new re‐entry tool (a 2.5‐mm flat subintimal balloon with two exit ports offset by 180°) was used as a platform to attempt guidewire penetration into the distal true lumen. The primary endpoint assessed was successful device‐guided re‐entry. Standard techniques were then utilized to open the CTO. Results: In 40 consecutive CTO lesions attempted, 19 resulted in subintimal wire entrapment (mean occlusion length 44 mm). Sixteen of these 19 were successfully crossed with an antegrade guidewire into the distal true lumen using the new device (84%). One patient with unsuccessful re‐entry was subsequently recanalized with a retrograde technique. All crossed lesions were stented (17/17), resulting in TIMI 3 flow without major complications. Two cases were unsuccessful. One patient had a grade I coronary perforation requiring no treatment. Conclusions: A new device to recanalize CTOs complicated by subintimal wire entrapment can be used successfully by experienced operators. Further study of this coronary re‐entry device is ongoing. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.