bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of mast production on home range use of Japanese black bears
Authors: Kozakai Chinatsu , Yamazaki Koji , Nemoto Yui , Nakajima Ami , Koike Shinsuke , Abe Shin , Masaki Takashi , Kaji Koichi 
Published: June 2011

AbstractAlthough bears may expand their home ranges in times of low food availability, it is unclear what mechanisms directly affect home range extension in times of low mast production in Japanese forests. To clarify the relationship between home range utilization by Japanese black bears (Ursus thibetanus) and abundance and distribution of mast production, we collected data on habitat use from 13 bears (6 M and 7 F) fitted with Global Positioning System (GPS) collars equipped with activity sensors in the Ashio‐Nikko Mountains on the eastern part of Honshu Island, Japan, during 2006–2008. We also collected data on mast production by 5 Fagaceae species. We categorized each fall as either poor (2006) or relatively‐good (2007 and 2008) based on mast production. Bears used small patches in their large home ranges and the distances between core areas increased in the fall of 2006, when the mast of Japanese oak (Quercus crispula) were poorly distributed. Our findings suggest that localized patches of Japanese oak are the staple food for bears in our study area, even in poor mast years. However, in the fall of 2006, we also found that bears moved to lower elevations, relative to 2007 and 2008, in search of alternative foods (e.g., Konara oak [Q. serrata] and Japanese chestnut [Castanea crenata]), which were mostly at lower elevations and produced mast consistently over the study period. Our results suggest that dispersion and elevational distribution of mast‐producing trees affect bear habitat use in fall, as well as amount of mast. © 2011 The Wildlife Society.
Occupancy and abundance of wintering birds in a dynamic agricultural landscape
Authors: Miller Mark W. , Pearlstine Elise V. , Dorazio Robert M. , Mazzotti Frank J. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractAssessing wildlife management action requires monitoring populations, and abundance often is the parameter monitored. Recent methodological advances have enabled estimation of mean abundance within a habitat using presence–absence or count data obtained via repeated visits to a sample of sites. These methods assume populations are closed and intuitively assume habitats within sites change little during a field season. However, many habitats are highly variable over short periods. We developed a variation of existing occupancy and abundance models that allows for extreme spatio‐temporal differences in habitat, and resulting changes in wildlife abundance, among sites and among visits to a site within a field season. We conducted our study in sugarcane habitat within the Everglades Agricultural Area southeast of Lake Okeechobee in south Florida. We counted wintering birds, primarily passerines, within 245 sites usually 5 times at each site during December 2006–March 2007. We estimated occupancy and mean abundance of birds in 6 vegetation states during the sugarcane harvest and allowed these parameters to vary temporally or spatially within a vegetation state. Occupancy and mean abundance of the common yellowthroat (Geothlypis trichas) was affected by structure of sugarcane and uncultivated edge vegetation (occupancy = 1.00 [${\rm 95\%}\,{\rm C\mathord{\buildrel{\lower3pt\hbox{$\scriptscriptstyle\frown$}}\over I} }$ = 0.96–1.00] and mean abundance = 7.9 [${\rm 95\%}\,{\rm C\mathord{\buildrel{\lower3pt\hbox{$\scriptscriptstyle\frown$}}\over I} }$ = 3.2–19.5] in tall sugarcane with tall edge vegetation versus 0.20 [${\rm 95\%}\,{\rm C\mathord{\buildrel{\lower3pt\hbox{$\scriptscriptstyle\frown$}}\over I} }$ = 0.04–0.71] and 0.22 [${\rm 95\%}\,{\rm C\mathord{\buildrel{\lower3pt\hbox{$\scriptscriptstyle\frown$}}\over I} }$ = 0.04–1.2], respectively, in short sugarcane with short edge vegetation in one half of the study area). Occupancy and mean abundance of palm warblers (Dendroica palmarum) were constant (occupancy = 1.00,${\rm 95\%}\,{\rm C\mathord{\buildrel{\lower3pt\hbox{$\scriptscriptstyle\frown$}}\over I} }$ = 0.69–1.00; mean abundance = 18,${\rm 95\%}\,{\rm C\mathord{\buildrel{\lower3pt\hbox{$\scriptscriptstyle\frown$}}\over I} }$ = 1–270). Our model may enable wildlife managers to assess rigorously effects of future edge habitat management on avian distribution and abundance within agricultural landscapes during winter or the breeding season. The model may also help wildlife managers make similar management decisions involving other dynamic habitats such as wetlands, prairies, and even forested areas if forest management or fires occur during the field season. © 2011 The Wildlife Society.
Leadership and the power of framing
Authors: Fairhurst Gail T. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractWhen an organizational vision or change initiative fails in an organization, it is usually not because the CEO or some senior vice president has suddenly decided not to pursue it any longer, Gail T. Fairhurst argues. “On the contrary, the death‐knell sounds gradually” each time a leader loses an opportunity to frame the vision or initiative to daily reality or “the situation here and now.” Fairhurst shows how successful leaders “manage meaning” by carefully interpreting uncertainty and framing “the situation here and now” in ways that connect with others.
Layer‐by‐Layer Assembled Multilayer Films of Methoxypoly(ethylene glycol)‐block‐poly(α,L‐glutamic acid) and Chitosan with Reduced Cell Adhesion
Authors: Cao Bin , Yan Shifeng , Zhang Kunxi , Song Zhijiang , Chen Xuesi , Cui Lei , Yin Jingbo 
Published: June 2011

AbstractA methoxypoly(ethylene glycol)‐block‐poly(α,L‐glutamic acid) (mPEGGA) diblock copolymer is synthesized. Using QCM measurements, it is shown that (CS/mPEGGA)n film construction takes place over two build‐up stages (exponential‐to‐linear). UV‐vis spectra reveal the regular increase of the multilayer film growth at different molecular weights of mPEGGA. Contact angle and surface morphology investigation prove that the hydrophilicity of CS/mPEGGA multilayer film‐modified substrate becomes better and the surface becomes rough. Significantly reduced cell adhesion is observed on the CS/mPEGGA multilayer film coated surface.
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Gold Nanoparticle/Carbazole Dendron Hybrids
Authors: Danda Chaitanya , Ponnapati Ramakrishna , Dutta Pampa , Taranekar Prasad , Patterson Gary , Advincula Rigoberto C. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe synthesis, spectral properties, and electropolymerization of hybrid gold nanoparticle core/carbazole dendron shells are reported. Ligand exchange of short‐chain alkane thiol stabilized Au‐NP is compared with direct synthesis using peripheral carbazole dendron ligands. Optical spectra, light scattering, TEM, and electron diffraction data confirm size, polydispersity, and composition. The direct synthesis route yields higher carbazole surface functionality. Higher dendron generation yields larger carbazole species on the surface. The advantage of a larger Au‐NP core is highlighted in terms of conformational mobility and electropolymerizability to form π‐conjugated polycarbazole species. Absorption and fluorescence shift is observed with the electropolymerized film. magnified image
Newton‐Hodge filtration for self‐dual F‐crystals
Authors: Csima N. E. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractIn this paper we study F‐crystals with self‐dual structure over base schemes of characteristic p. We generalize Katz's Newton‐Hodge Filtration Theorem to F‐crystals with self‐dual structure. © 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
Ricci solitons of compact real hypersurfaces in Kähler manifolds
Authors: Cho Jong Taek , Kimura Makoto 
Published: June 2011

AbstractIf a compact real hypersurface of contact‐type in a complex number space admits a Ricci soliton, then it is a sphere. A compact Hopf hypersurface in a non‐flat complex space form does not admit a Ricci soliton. © 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
Graft‐crosslinked Copolymers Based on Poly(arylene ether ketone)‐gc‐sulfonated Poly(arylene ether sulfone) for PEMFC Applications
Authors: Zhang Xuan , Hu Zhaoxia , Luo Linqiang , Chen Shanshan , Liu Jianmei , Chen Shouwen , Wang Lianjun 
Published: June 2011

AbstractNovel poly(arylene ether ketone) polymers with fluorophenyl pendants and phenoxide‐terminated wholly sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) oligomers are prepared via Ni(0)‐catalyzed and nucleophilic polymerization, respectively, and subsequently used as starting materials to obtain graft‐crosslinked membranes as polymer electrolyte membranes. The phenoxide‐terminated sulfonated moieties are introduced as hydrophilic parts as well as crosslinking units. The chemical structure and morphology of the obtained membranes are confirmed by 1H NMR and tapping‐mode AFM. The properties required for fuel cell applications, including water uptake and dimensional change, as well as proton conductivity, are investigated. AFM results show a clear nanoscale phase‐separation microstructure of the obtained membranes. The membranes show good dimensional stability and reasonably high proton conductivities under 30–90% relative humidity. The anisotropic proton conductivity ratios (σ⟂/||) of the membranes in water are in the range 0.65–0.92, and increase with an increase in hydrophilic block length. The results indicate that the graft‐crosslinked membranes are promising candidates for applications as polymer electrolyte membranes. magnified image
XIAP‐associated factor 1 (XAF1), a novel target of p53, enhances p53‐mediated apoptosis via post‐translational modification
Authors: Zou Bing , Chim Chor S. , Pang Roberta , Zeng Hui , Dai Yun , Zhang Rongxin , Lam Colin S.C. , Tan Victoria P.Y. , Hung Ivan F.N. , Lan Hui Y. , Wong Benjamin C.Y. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe role of X chromosome‐linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP)‐associated factor 1 (XAF1) in mediating apoptosis has been reported but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The present study was designed to examine the putative interaction between XAF1 and p53 and the functional importance of this interaction in regulation of apoptosis in human gastric and colon cancer cells. We first identified XAF1 as a novel target gene of p53 by the chromatin immunoprecipitation (CHIP) assay and demonstrated that wild‐type p53, but not mutant p53, down‐regulated XAF1 at both mRNA and protein levels, which acted mostly under the condition of high expression of XAF1 and was associated with the physical interaction between p53 and the XAF1 promoter. We also found that the over‐expression of XAF1 led to activation of wild‐type p53 via post‐translational modification in cells with or without DNA damage, which resulting in p53 nuclear accumulation and its increased transcriptional activity and enhancing p53‐dependent apoptosis. These findings suggest that a potential novel feedback loop exists between XAF1 and wild‐type p53. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Constitutive AhR activation leads to concomitant ABCG2‐mediated multidrug resistance in cisplatin‐resistant esophageal carcinoma cells
Authors: To Kenneth K.W. , Yu Le , Liu Shuwen , Fu Jianhua , Cho Chi Hin 
Published: June 2011

AbstractEsophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a highly malignant disease that is generally not responding to chemotherapy. It is particularly predominant in China. Although ESCC is significantly associated with cigarette smoking, the relationship between its molecular pathogenesis and responsiveness to chemotherapy and cigarette smoke remains elusive. This study reported the constitutive activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), leading to ABCG2 upregulation and the multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype, in ESCC cell lines with acquired cisplatin resistance. Reporter gene assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis and specific gene knockdown confirmed that the enhanced AhR binding to a xenobiotic response element (XRE) within the ABCG2 promoter is responsible for ABCG2 overexpression. A HSP90 inhibitor (17‐AAG) and two AhR antagonists (kaempferol and salicylamide) were shown to inhibit ABCG2 upregulation, thereby reversing the ABCG2‐mediated MDR. Our data therefore advocate the use of these inhibitors as novel chemosensitizers for the treatment of esophageal cancer. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
QUantitative Imaging of eXtraction of oxygen and TIssue consumption (QUIXOTIC) using venular‐targeted velocity‐selective spin labeling
Authors: Bolar D. S. , Rosen B. R. , Sorensen A. G. , Adalsteinsson E. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractWhile oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) are fundamental parameters of brain health and function, a robust MRI‐based mapping of OEF and CMRO2 amenable to functional MRI (fMRI) has not been established. To address this issue, a novel method called QUantitative Imaging of eXtraction of Oxygen and TIssue Consumption, or QUIXOTIC, is introduced. The key innovation in QUIXOTIC is the use of velocity‐selective spin labeling to isolate MR signal exclusively from postcapillary venular blood on a voxel‐by‐voxel basis. Measuring the T2 of this venular‐targeted blood allows calibration to venular oxygen saturation (Yv) via theoretical and experimental T2 versus blood oxygen saturation relationships. Yv is converted to OEF, and baseline CMRO2 is subsequently estimated from OEF and additional cerebral blood flow and hematocrit measurements. Theory behind the QUIXOTIC technique is presented, and implications of cutoff velocity (VCUTOFF) and outflow time parameters are discussed. Cortical gray matter values obtained with QUIXOTIC in 10 healthy volunteers are Yv = 0.73 ± 0.02, OEF = 0.26 ± 0.02, and CMRO2 = 125 ± 15 μmol/100 g min. Results are compared to global measures obtained with the T2 relaxation under spin tagging (TRUST) technique. The preliminary data presented suggest that QUIXOTIC will be useful for mapping Yv, OEF, and CMRO2, in both clinical and functional MRI settings. Magn Reson Med, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A novel small deletion in PMP22 causes a mild hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies phenotype
Authors: Casasnovas Carlos , Banchs Isabel , De Jorge Laura , Antónia albertí Maria , Martínez–Campo Yolanda , Povedano Mónica , Montero Jordi , Volpini Victor 
Published: June 2011

AbstractIntroduction: In this study we examined a family with electrophysiological findings of hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies (HNPP) and a mild clinical presentation.Methods: Four members of a family were referred for diagnosis of HNPP. Electrophysiological studies included motor and sensory nerve conduction studies in the upper and lower extremities. Investigations of microsatellites, using polymorphic repeat markers flanking the gene, and multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification (MLPA) were performed for molecular studies. Results: The initial study of microsatellites did not detect any change, but MLPA demonstrated a small deletion of exon 5 in the PMP22 gene. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate the important role of small deletions in the PMP22 gene in the etiology of HNPP with a normal microsatellite study. Muscle Nerve 45: 135–138, 2012
Reproducibility of MUNIX in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Nandedkar Sanjeev D. , Barkhaus Paul E. , Stålberg Erik V. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractIntroduction: In this study we investigated the reproducibility of motor unit number index (MUNIX) in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Methods: MUNIX was recorded in patients with ALS. Studies were performed in 18 thenar and 18 hypothenar muscles by two operators. The reproducibility was assessed using mean MUNIX values, linear regression, correlation coefficient, and coefficient of variation (COV) in individual studies. Results: The mean values showed no significant difference. The linear regression showed a strong correlation. Most patients had low COV. A high COV was seen when MUNIX was very low. The COV was higher in thenar than in hypothenar muscles. Conclusions: MUNIX has very good reproducibility in ALS patients. COV may exaggerate interoperator variation when MUNIX is very low. The higher variability in the thenar muscle is also due to variability in compound muscle action potential amplitude. Although both muscles show good reproducibility, the hypothenar is better suited for serial studies in individual patients Muscle Nerve, 2011
Prevalence and risk factors of muscle complications secondary to statins
Authors: El‐Salem Khalid , Ababneh Bashar , Rudnicki Stacy , Malkawi Ahmad , Alrefai Ali , Khader Yousef , Saadeh Ruba , Saydam Mohammad 
Published: June 2011

AbstractIntroduction: The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of muscle complications among patients using statins. Methods: We conducted a prospective comparative study on 345 patients receiving statins and compared the findings with an age‐ and gender‐matched control group of 85 subjects. Univariate and multivariate analyses with logistic regression models were used to study the association of different patient and disease characteristics with muscle complications. Results: Adverse reactions were reported by 21% of patients and 5.9% of controls (P = 0.0013). Objective weakness was found in 15% of the patients who reported muscle symptoms (3.2% of the total cohort), but not in controls. Older age, longer duration of statin use, diabetes, stroke, and lower body mass index were associated with increased risk of developing these symptoms. Conclusions: Adverse reactions to statins may be more common than previously reported, and they may be affected by specific patient and disease characteristics. Muscle Nerve 2011
Variability of urodynamic parameters in patients with overactive bladder
Authors: Frenkl Tara L. , Railkar Radha , Palcza John , Scott Boyd B. , Alon Achilles , Green Stuart , Schaefer Werner 
Published: June 2011

AbstractAimsTo report interpatient, intrapatient, and study site variability of urodynamic study (UDS) parameters in patients with overactive bladder (OAB).MethodsFifty‐eight patients with OAB participated in a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, urodynamic trial of an experimental OAB drug. Patients underwent 3 serial cystometries (CMGs) at three times: screening, pre‐dose, and 4‐hr postdose. This post hoc analysis describes intrapatient, interpatient, and site variability for the 6 CMGs prior to administration of study drug. Sites were given standard procedures for equipment calibration and UDS technique. Instilled volumes and pressures were recorded at first sensation of filling, first desire to void (FDV), strong desire to void (SDV), and maximum cystometric capacity (MCC).ResultsThe UDS volume endpoint with the smallest observed within‐patient variability based on coefficient of variation (%CV) was MCC (%CV 24). Pressure measurements of all bladder sensations had larger within‐patient variability than volume (MCC %CV 105). The between‐patient variability was greater than within‐patient variability for all bladder sensation volumes. Between‐patient MCC variability for the 6 pre‐treatment CMGs ranged from %CV of 50 to 58, whereas the within‐patient %CV for MCC was 21–23. Excellent reproducibility was observed for bladder volume for MCC (intraclass correlation coefficients, range: 0.80–0.84). The between‐site variability was large, as demonstrated by the mean volumes by site for MCC (132–397 ml).ConclusionsMCC was the most reproducible sensation. Pressure measurements were substantially more variable than volume. Between‐patient variability was substantially greater than within‐patient variability. The observed intersite variability suggests that despite detailed instructions, sensations may not have been measured in a consistent manner across sites. Neurourol. Urodynam. Neurourol. Urodynam. 30: 1565–1569, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Managing unsatisfactory outcome after mid‐urethral tape insertion
Authors: Smith Anthony R.B. , Artibani Walter , Drake Marcus J. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThis article reviews the literature on the assessment and management of women whose previous mid‐urethral tape surgery to manage stress urinary incontinence symptoms has failed to produce a satisfactory outcome. In many areas the literature is deficient and the article includes consensus statements drawn from the International Continence Society Research Society meeting in Bristol in June 2010. The need for a structured approach to assessment and management is highlighted, so that further research into areas of uncertainty can be prioritized. The article concludes with a number of research recommendations. Neurourol. Urodynam. Neurourol. Urodynam. 30:771–774, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Detrusor underactivity: A plea for new approaches to a common bladder dysfunction
Authors: van Koeveringe G.A. , Vahabi B. , Andersson K.E. , Kirschner‐Herrmans R. , Oelke M. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractAimsDetrusor underactivity (DU) is defined by the International Continence Society as a contraction of reduced strength and/or duration resulting in prolonged or incomplete emptying of the bladder but has yet received only little attention. The purpose of this report is to summarize the ICI‐RS meeting in Bristol in 2010 exploring current knowledge on DU and outline directions for future research.MethodsA think tank discussion was held and the summary of discussions was presented to all ICI‐RS participants. This report is based on the final discussions.ResultsThe understanding of the pathophysiology, epidemiology, assessment, and treatment of DU remains rudimentary. DU is defined by pressure‐flow analysis but no consensus exists regarding which of the available formulae should be used for quantification of detrusor work. DU is likely to be multifactorial. Aging causes a decay in detrusor activity but other concomitant causes, either myogenic or neurogenic, may aggravate the problem resulting in decrease of detrusor contractility. No effective pharmacotherapy for the condition exists. Only a few surgical therapeutic strategies have been explored, such as neuromodulation and skeletal muscle myoplasties. Consequently, the management of affected individuals remains unsatisfactory.ConclusionsFuture directions recommended by the ICI‐RS panel include assessment of pathogenesis by developing novel animal models in addition to new non‐invasive tests allowing longitudinal trials. Furthermore, optimizing the existing evaluation algorithms to support standard testing for DU and further epidemiological studies to quantify the size of the problem are required for the development of future treatment modalities. Neurourol. Urodynam. Neurourol. Urodynam. 30:723–728, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.