bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global Climate Change: Political Realism and the Case for a World Climate Bank
Authors: Bernstein Alyssa R. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe Paris Agreement’s goals cannot be achieved without sufficient funding, but the funding has been extremely inadequate. Addressing this problem innovatively, John Broome and Duncan Foley offer economic and political arguments in favor of establishing a new international institution, a World Climate Bank (WCB). The economic case for a WCB appears strong insofar as the bank’s main function would be to scale up mobilization of the financial resources needed for decarbonizing the world economy. However, Broome and Foley problematically assert that a WCB must buy up fossil fuel assets. I argue that this could lead to disastrous consequences and must be ruled out. Claims by Broome and Foley about realism play important roles in their proposal, although it is not clearly based on any particular form of realist political theory. I argue that a realistic proposal would include sound arguments, and I show that the political arguments offered by Broome and Foley involve equivocation, vagueness, and self-contradiction. I sketch a provisional political case for a World Climate Bank for Mitigation, Adaptation, and Resilience (WCB-MAR) satisfying certain desiderata. In the course of critiquing and revising the Broome-Foley proposal, I begin to develop a new conception of political realism. Here I aim to motivate political scientists and theorists focusing on international institutions and global justice to help develop and assess political responses to the climate crisis, including my proposal for a WCB-MAR. When doing such work, they should take full account of the gravity and urgency of the crisis. This requires them to be politically realistic in the sense discussed herein.
Determination of the time-variable geopotential by means of orbiting clocks
Authors: Giuliani Simone , Tapley Byron D. , Ries John C. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMonitoring the time-variable geopotential identifies the mass redistribution across the Earth and reveals, e.g., climate change and availability of water resources. The features of interest are characterized by spatial and temporal scales accessible only through space missions. Among the most important gravity missions are GRACE (2002–2017), its successor GRACE-FO (since 2018), and GOCE (2009–2013), which all sense the Earth’s gravity field via the geopotential derivatives. We investigate the geopotential estimation through frequency comparisons between orbiting clocks by means of the Doppler-canceling technique, describing the clocks’ behavior in the Earth’s gravitational field via Einstein’s general relativity. The novelty of this approach lies in measuring gravity by sensing the geopotential itself. The proof of principle for the measurement is achieved through an innovative mission scenario: for the first time, the observations are collected by a probing clock in LEO. We show gravity solutions obtained by simulating an estimation problem via our proposed architecture. The results suggest that we can conceivably retrieve the geopotential coefficients with accuracy comparable to the GRACE measurement concept by employing clocks with stabilities of order $${10}^{-18}$$

10

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18

. Presently, terrestrial clocks can routinely attain fractional frequency stabilities of $${10}^{-18}$$

10

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18

, whereas spaceborne clocks are still at the $${10}^{-15}$$

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15

level. While our findings are promising, further analysis is needed to obtain more realistic indications on the feasibility of an actual mission, whose realization will be possible when clock technology reaches the required performance. The goal is for the technique investigated in this study to become a future staple for gravity field estimation.
Prefrontal cortex oxygenation during a mentally fatiguing task in normoxia and hypoxia
Authors: De Wachter Jonas , Roose Manon , Proost Matthias , Habay Jelle , Verstraelen Matthias , De Bock Sander , De Pauw Kevin , Meeusen Romain , Van Cutsem Jeroen , Roelands Bart 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMental fatigue (MF) and hypoxia impair cognitive performance through changes in brain hemodynamics. We want to elucidate the role of prefrontal cortex (PFC)-oxygenation in MF. Twelve participants (22.9 ± 3.5 years) completed four experimental trials, (1) MF in (normobaric) hypoxia (MF_HYP) (3.800 m; 13.5%O2), (2) MF in normoxia (MF_NOR) (98 m; 21.0%O2), (3) Control task in HYP (CON_HYP), (4) Control in NOR (CON_NOR). Participants performed a 2-back task, Digit Symbol Substitution test and Psychomotor Vigilance task before and after a 60-min Stroop task or an emotionally neutral documentary. Brain oxygenation was measured through functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy. Subjective feelings of MF and physiological measures (heart rate, oxygen saturation, blood glucose and hemoglobin) were recorded. The Stroop task resulted in increased subjective feelings of MF compared to watching the documentary. 2-back accuracy was lower post task compared to pre task in MF_NOR and CON_NOR, while no differences were found in the other cognitive tasks. The fraction of inspired oxygen did not impact feelings of MF. Although performing the Stroop resulted in higher subjective feelings of MF, hypoxia had no effect on the severity of self-reported MF. Additionally, this study could not provide evidence for a role of oxygenation of the PFC in the build-up of MF.
Cost-effectiveness of one-stop-shop [18F]Fluorocholine PET/CT to localise parathyroid adenomas in patients suffering from primary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: van Mossel Sietse , Saing Sopany , Appelman-Dijkstra Natasha , Quak Elske , Schepers Abbey , Smit Frits , de Geus-Oei Lioe-Fee , Vriens Dennis 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
We conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis in which we compared a preoperative [18F]Fluorocholine PET/CT-based one-stop-shop imaging strategy with current best practice in which [18F]Fluorocholine PET/CT is only recommended after negative or inconclusive [99mTc]Tc-methoxy isobutyl isonitrile SPECT/CT for patients suffering from primary hyperparathyroidism. We investigated whether the one-stop-shop strategy performs as well as current best practice but at lower costs.

Methods
We developed a cohort-level state transition model to evaluate both imaging strategies respecting an intraoperative parathyroid hormone monitored treatment setting as well as a traditional treatment setting. The model reflects patients’ hospital journeys after biochemically diagnosed primary hyperparathyroidism. A cycle length of twelve months and a lifetime horizon were used. We conducted probabilistic analyses simulating 50,000 cohorts to assess joint parameter uncertainty. The incremental net monetary benefit and cost for each quality-adjusted life year were estimated. Furthermore, threshold analyses regarding the tariff of [18F]Fluorocholine PET/CT and the sensitivity of [99mTc]Tc-methoxy isobutyl isonitrile SPECT/CT were performed.

Results
The simulated long-term health effects and costs were similar for both imaging strategies. Accordingly, there was no incremental net monetary benefit and the one-stop-shop strategy did not result in lower costs. These results applied to both treatment settings. The threshold analysis indicated that a tariff of €885 for [18F]Fluorocholine PET/CT was required to be cost-effective compared to current best practice.

Conclusion
Both preoperative imaging strategies can be used interchangeably. Daily clinical practice grounds such as available local resources and patient preferences should inform policy-making on whether a hospital should implement the one-stop-shop imaging strategy.
Behavioral correlates of migration in bats – do migration strategies predict responses to a novel environment?
Authors: Schabacker Theresa , Rizzi Sofia , Teige Tobias , Hoffmeister Uwe , Voigt Christian C. , Snijders Lysanne 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMigration is a life-history trait that shapes individual-by-environment interactions, affecting fitness. Currently, many species are changing their migration strategies, stressing the need to identify and better understand the behavioral correlates of migration. As a partial migrant, the noctule bat, Nyctalus noctula, allows for rare intra-specific investigations of the potential behavioral causes (or consequences) of variation in migration. Here, we combined in-situ behavioral assays with stable isotope analyses to investigate whether spatial and acoustic responses to a roost-like novel environment correlate with migration strategy (local or distant). Given a migrant’s more frequent exposure to novel environments, we predicted migrants would enter a novel environment more quickly and show stronger spatial and acoustic exploration activity. However, individuals of local and distant origin did not differ in acoustic exploration (call activity per unit space), nor, contrasting to several bird studies, in spatial activity (number of chambers visited). Surprisingly, local individuals were more likely than migrants to enter the novel environment. Our findings suggest that small-scale exploration does not vary with migration, potentially because of similar selection pressures across migration strategies on small-scale exploration (e.g., exploration of roosts) as opposed to large-scale. Yet, our findings on the likelihood of entering a novel environment suggest that locals may be more risk-taking. Repeated measures would be necessary to determine if personality differences are underlying these responses. Our unique approach, combining behavioral assays with isotopic geolocation, gave us novel insight into an elusive taxon, highlighting the importance of studying behavioral correlates of migration across various taxa.
Physiotherapists’ adherence to Clinical Practice Guidelines in fibromyalgia: a cross-sectional online survey
Authors: Ferrández-Gómez José Édgar , Gacto-Sánchez Mariano , Nouni-García Rauf , Gascón-Jaén Jaime , Lozano-Quijada Carlos , Baño-Alcaraz Aitor 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTo evaluate the level of knowledge and adherence to Clinical Practice Guidelines on fibromyalgia of physiotherapists in Spain. A cross-sectional study using an ad-hoc online survey was implemented to assess aspects on the assessment, treatment, and decision of the length of the therapeutic approach on fibromyalgia. Based on the results, professionals were classified as adherent, partially adherent, or non-adherent. The level of agreement with several statements on the condition was also evaluated across the professionals surveyed to evaluate the potential consensus. A total of 240 physiotherapists met inclusion criteria, amongst which 68 (28.33%) were adherent. The academic level of studies (Chi-square = 48.601, p-value = 0.001) and having had previous training in fibromyalgia (Chi-square = 151.011, p-value = 0.001) displayed statistically significant differences across adherence-based groups. Consensus was reached for 15 out of 24 statements. Our findings highlight the presence of an acceptable level of knowledge and adherence to clinical practice guidelines in the field of fibromyalgia among physiotherapists in Spain.Practice implicationsOur results also reveal the existence of an evidence-to-practice gap in the field, with potential room for improvement: further efforts on promoting and reinforcing the importance of evidence-based therapies are needed, from university teaching plans to clinical updates for daily practice.
TRAIL: Simulating the impact of human locomotion on natural landscapes
Authors: Alvarado Eduardo , Argudo Oscar , Rohmer Damien , Cani Marie-Paule , Pelechano Nuria 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHuman and animal presence in natural landscapes is initially revealed by the immediate impact of their locomotion, from footprints to crushed grass. In this work, we present an approach to model the effects of virtual characters on natural terrains, focusing on the impact of human locomotion. We introduce a lightweight solution to compute accurate foot placement on uneven ground and infer dynamic foot pressure from kinematic animation data and the mass of the character. A ground and vegetation model enables us to effectively simulate the local impact of locomotion on soft soils and plants over time, resulting in the formation of visible paths. As our results show, we can parameterize various soil materials and vegetation types validated with real-world data. Our method can be used to significantly increase the realism of populated natural landscapes and the sense of presence in virtual applications and games.
Gehirn-Check-up: strukturiertes Vorgehen zur Diagnostik von kognitiven Störungen im hausärztlichen Setting
Authors: Wolski Lucas , Bopp Ann-Kathrin , Schwientek Ann-Kathrin , Langer Sandra , Dogan Vildan , Grimmer Timo 
Published: June 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die anlassbezogene Identifizierung der leichten kognitiven Störung („mild cognitive impairment“, MCI) in der Primärversorgung ist wichtig, um reversible Ursachen zu behandeln oder das Fortschreiten zu einem demenziellen Syndrom zu verlangsamen. Hierzu wurde die Praxistauglichkeit eines Diagnosealgorithmus, im Weiteren als „Gehirn-Check-up“ bezeichnet, untersucht.

Methodik
Mittels eines standardisierten Fragebogens wurden das Nutzungsverhalten und die Praxistauglichkeit des Gehirn-Check-up in n = 37 allgemeinmedizinischen und internistischen Arztpraxen in Deutschland erhoben.

Ergebnisse
Der Gehirn-Check-up wurde von n = 37 Ärzt:innen bei 389 Personen (66 %) durchgeführt. Zu den Barrieren bezüglich der Durchführung zählten: Angst der Betroffenen vor dem Ergebnis, Zeitmangel des Fachpersonals sowie Kosten. Insgesamt bewerteten 73 % der Teilnehmenden den Gehirn-Check-up im Behandlungsalltag als praxistauglich. Lange Wartezeiten auf einen Termin bei neurologischen/psychiatrischen Fachärzt:innen wurden als Hürde für eine optimale Betreuung genannt.

Schlussfolgerung
Der strukturierte Algorithmus Gehirn-Check-up scheint hilfreich in der Primärversorgung zu sein, da dieser unter Routinebedingungen im hausärztlichen Setting praxistauglich ist und dazu beitragen kann, anlassbezogen Patient:innen mit einer MCI leichter zu identifizieren. Um weitere Barrieren besser adressieren zu können, bedarf es jedoch weiterer Machbarkeitsstudien.
Correlation of RANK and RANKL with mammographic density in primary breast cancer patients
Authors: Wunderle Marius , Heindl Felix , Behrens Annika S. , Häberle Lothar , Hack Carolin C. , Heusinger Katharina , Huebner Hanna , Gass Paul , Ruebner Matthias , Schulz-Wendtland Rüdiger , Erber Ramona , Hartmann Arndt , Beckmann Matthias W. , Dougall William C. , Press Michael F. , Fasching Peter A. , Emons Julius 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B (RANK) and its ligand (RANKL) have been shown to promote proliferation of the breast and breast carcinogenesis. The objective of this analysis was to investigate whether tumor-specific RANK and RANKL expression in patients with primary breast cancer is associated with high percentage mammographic density (PMD), which is a known breast cancer risk factor.

Methods
Immunohistochemical staining of RANK and RANKL was performed in tissue microarrays (TMAs) from primary breast cancer samples of the Bavarian Breast Cancer Cases and Controls (BBCC) study. For RANK and RANKL expression, histochemical scores (H scores) with a cut-off value of > 0 vs 0 were established. PMD was measured in the contralateral, non-diseased breast. Linear regression models with PMD as outcome were calculated using common predictors of PMD (age at breast cancer diagnosis, body mass index (BMI) and parity) and RANK and RANKL H scores. Additionally, Spearman rank correlations (ρ) between PMD and RANK and RANKL H score were performed.

Results
In the final cohort of 412 patients, breast cancer-specific RANK and RANKL expression was not associated with PMD (P = 0.68). There was no correlation between PMD and RANK H score (Spearman’s ρ = 0.01, P = 0.87) or RANKL H score (Spearman’s ρ = 0.04, P = 0.41). RANK expression was highest in triple-negative tumors, followed by HER2-positive, luminal B-like and luminal A-like tumors, while no subtype-specific expression of RANKL was found.

Conclusion
Results do not provide evidence for an association of RANK and RANKL expression in primary breast cancer with PMD.
Anterior enterocele after cystectomy: case report and review of the literature
Authors: Schröder Carolin , Plöger Ruben , Knüpfer Stephanie , Tascón Padrón Laura , Ralser Damian J. , Otten Lucia A. , Egger Eva K. , Mustea Alexander , Könsgen Dominique 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Anterior enterocele is a rare but potentially serious complication after cystectomy with heterogeneous treatment options.

Methods
Here we report on the management of a 71-year-old patient with recurrence of anterior enterocele after cystectomy and provide a systematic review of the literature using the PubMed/MEDLINE database.

Results
The 71-year-old patient with recurrence of anterior enterocele after cystectomy was successfully treated with colpocleisis and anterior colporrhaphy at the Department of Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, University Hospital Bonn. The use of a synthetic mesh was not needed. At 16-month follow-up postoperatively, the patient was asymptomatic and had no signs of recurrence. n = 14 publications including n = 39 patients were identified for the systematic review including case reports and reviews. The median duration of developing an anterior enterocele after cystectomy was 9 months (range 3 months to 8 years). Patients had a median age of 71 years (range 44–84). In all cases, a surgical approach was described using a wide variety of surgical procedures. In total, 36% of all patients developed a recurrence with an average time period of 7 months after primary surgery. A rare complication represents a vaginal evisceration with the need of urgent surgery. Furthermore, the occurrence of a fistula is a possible long-term complication.

Conclusion
Anterior enterocele after cystectomy is a rare complication requiring an individual and interdisciplinary treatment.
Decomposing geographical judgments into spatial, temporal and linguistic components
Authors: Gatti Daniele , Anceresi Giorgia , Marelli Marco , Vecchi Tomaso , Rinaldi Luca 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWhen mentally exploring maps representing large-scale environments (e.g., countries or continents), humans are assumed to mainly rely on spatial information derived from direct perceptual experience (e.g., prior visual experience with the geographical map itself). In the present study, we rather tested whether also temporal and linguistic information could account for the way humans explore and ultimately represent this type of maps. We quantified temporal distance as the minimum time needed to travel by train across Italian cities, while linguistic distance was retrieved from natural language through cognitively plausible AI models based on non-spatial associative learning mechanisms (i.e., distributional semantic models). In a first experiment, we show that temporal and linguistic distances capture with high-confidence real geographical distances. Next, in a second behavioral experiment, we show that linguistic information can account for human performance over and above real spatial information (which plays the major role in explaining participants’ performance) in a task in which participants have to judge the distance between cities (while temporal information was found to be not relevant). These findings indicate that, when exploring maps representing large-scale environments, humans do take advantage of both perceptual and linguistic information, suggesting in turn that the formation of cognitive maps possibly relies on a strict interplay between spatial and non-spatial learning principles.
The effectiveness of mind-body therapy and physical training in alleviating depressive symptoms in adult cancer patients: a meta-analysis
Authors: Zeng Yixian , Huang Ruixin , Zhao Li , He Xingfei , Mao Shanshan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of mind-body therapy (MBT) and/or physical training in alleviating depressive symptoms among adult cancer patients through a meta-analysis.

Methods
PubMed, Embase, EBSCO, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were searched from up to October 21, 2023. Effect sizes, 95% confidence intervals, and other pertinent values were computed utilizing a random-effects model with Review Manager 5.3 and StataMP 14. The reporting of findings adhered to the guidelines for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. The PROSPERO registration code for this review is 4,203,477,316.

Results
10 randomized controlled trials (11 datasets) involving a total of 620 participants were selected for analysis. The results demonstrated that complementary therapies, encompassing MBT and physical training, were effective in alleviating depressive symptoms in adult cancer patients (SMD= -0.47; 95%CI: -0.87, -0.08; P = 0.02). Subgroup analysis indicate that physical training may effectively alleviate depressive symptoms (SMD= -0.72; 95%CI: -1.31, -0.13; P = 0.02), demonstrating moderate effect sizes. Conversely, MBT does not seem to significantly influence depressive symptoms (P = 0.69).

Conclusions
Complementary therapy lasting four weeks or more, incorporating physical training and MBT, has been shown to alleviate depressive symptoms in adult cancer patients. And physical training has a significant effect on depressive symptoms, while MBT has no effect. Nevertheless, given the constraints of the included studies, further research is required in the future to provide more robust evidence.
Effectiveness of increasing the scalp cooling duration to prevent alopecia during adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer: a randomized pilot study
Authors: Carton Edith , Blas Anne Mercier , Perret Clément , Le Bihan Marcelle 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Alopecia is a common side-effect of chemotherapy and can be extremely distressing to patients. Scalp cooling can be used to reduce hair loss, but the optimal duration of cooling remains unclear. Our aim was to determine whether increasing the duration of scalp cooling improves hair preservation.

Methods
Patients with HER2-negative, non-metastatic, breast cancer received scalp cooling during adjuvant chemotherapy: three cycles of epirubicin/cyclophosphamide (EC) followed by three cycles of paclitaxel. The patients were randomly assigned to two groups. Group A (n=18) wore a Paxman cooling cap during each infusion and for 30 min post-infusion while Group B (n=19) wore the cap from 30 min before to 2 h after each infusion. All patients were asked to complete a questionnaire recording hair loss/regrowth, adverse events, and quality of life. Success of treatment was defined as <50% hair loss.

Results
The success rates after each of the three cycles did not differ significantly between the two groups (EC: Group A: 40%, Group B: 44%; paclitaxel: Group A: 50%, Group B: 36%; p>0.05). Hair regrowth was significantly higher in Group B at the 8-week follow-up, but not at the 6-month follow-up. Head discomfort affected more patients in Group B than in Group A during the first session (94% vs. 62%, respectively; p=0.039).

Conclusion
Long duration scalp cooling during chemotherapy might increase patients’ discomfort and does not appear to improve hair preservation.