bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Theoretical analysis of insulin‐dependent glucose uptake heterogeneity in 3D bioreactor cell culture
Authors: Magrofuoco Enrico , Elvassore Nicola , Doyle Francis J. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThree‐dimensional (3D) cell cultures in bioreactors are becoming relevant as models for biological and physiological in vitro studies. In such systems, mathematical models can assist the experiment design that links the macroscopic properties to single‐cell responses. We investigated the relationship between biochemical stimuli and cell response within a 3D cell culture in scaffold with heterogeneous porosity. Specifically, we studied the effect of insulin on the local glucose metabolism as a function of 3D pore size distribution. The multiscale mathematical model combines the mass transport within a 3D scaffold and a signaling pathways model. It considers the scaffold heterogeneity, and it describes spatiotemporal concentration of metabolites, biochemical stimuli, and cell density. The signaling model was integrated into this model, linking the local insulin concentration at cell membrane to the glucose uptake rate through glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) translocation from the cytosol to the cell membrane. The integrated model determines the cell response heterogeneities in a single channel, hence the biological response distribution in a 3D system. It also provides macroscopic outcomes to evaluate the feasibility of an experimental measurement of the system response. From our analysis, it became apparent that the flow rate is the most important operative variable, and that an optimum value ensures a fast and detectable cell response. This model on insulin‐dependent glucose consumption rate offers insight into the cell metabolism physiology, which is a fundamental requirement for the study metabolic disorder such as Type 2 diabetes mellitus, in which the physiological insulin‐dependent glucose metabolism is impaired. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2012
Influence of Support and Linker Parameters on the Activity of Silica‐Supported Catalysts for Cyclic Carbonate Synthesis
Authors: North Michael , Villuendas Pedro 
Published: April 2012

AbstractSilica‐supported, bimetallic aluminium(salen) complexes bearing pendant quaternary ammonium groups catalyse the synthesis of cyclic carbonates from epoxides and carbon dioxide in both batch and gas‐phase flow reactors. The influence of particle and pore size of the silica support on catalyst activity was investigated with smaller particle sizes (<80 μm) being advantageous to catalyst activity, whereas the silica pore size had little effect on catalyst activity. The nature of the silica support also affected catalyst stability and the Fluorochem LC301 silica gave a catalyst with both the highest intrinsic activity and the lowest rate of deactivation. The catalysts are attached to the silica through a linker containing three or eleven carbon atoms. The longer linker was found give a catalyst loading three times higher than the shorter linker, but this was offset by a three times lower activity for the catalyst with the longer linker.
ChemInform Abstract: The Self‐Activated Luminescence Properties of Blue‐Emitting Sr9Ga(PO4)7.
Authors: Du Fuping , Huang Yanlin , Kim Sun Il , Seo Hyo Jin 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe title compound is synthesized by solid state reaction of a stoichiometric mixture of SrCO3, (NH4)2HPO4, and Ga2O3 (350 °C for 10 h, 850 °C for 5 h, and 1050 °C in air for 10 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses and Structures of Sc2Nb4‐xSn5, YNb6Sn6, and ErNb6Sn5: Exploratory Studies in Ternary Rare‐Earth Niobium Stannides.
Authors: Yue Cheng‐Yang , Lei Xiao‐Wu 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe new compounds Sc2Nb4‐xSn5 (x = 0.37, 0.52), YNb6Sn6, and ErNb6Sn5 are synthesized from mixtures of the elements (1000—1050 °C for 8 d, annealing at 770—850 °C for 8—10 d, 30% yield for ErNb6Sn5).
ChemInform Abstract: Pb3TeCo3V2O14: A Potential Multiferroic Co Bearing Member of the Dugganite Series.
Authors: Silverstein H. J. , et al. et al. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe title compound is prepared by solid state reaction of stoichiometric amounts of PbO, TeO2, Co3O4, and V2O5 (sintering in air at 650—800 °C for 15—24 h and annealing at 600 °C for up to 72 h).
ChemInform Abstract: D2‐Symmetric Dirhodium Catalyst Derived from a 1,2,2‐Triarylcyclopropanecarboxylate Ligand: Design, Synthesis and Application.
Authors: Qin Changming , Boyarskikh Vyacheslav , Hansen Joern H. , Hardcastle Kenneth I. , Musaev Djamaladdin G. , Davies Huw M. L. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe new rhodium catalyst (I) is prepared and highly enantioselective cyclopropanations, tandem cyclopropanation/Cope rearrangements and a combined C—H functionalization/Cope rearrangement are achieved using this catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 3‐Substituted 1,5‐Aldehyde Esters via an Organocatalytic Highly Enantioselective Conjugate Addition of New Carbonylmethyl 2‐Pyridinylsulfone to Enals.
Authors: Deng Jing , Wang Fei , Yan Wenzhong , Zhu Jin , Jiang Hualiang , Wang Wei , Li Jian 
Published: April 2012

AbstractGood yields and high enantioselectivities are achieved in the addition of sulfonylated carbon nucleophiles (II)/(IV) to various α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐Acyl(aroyl)‐1,1,3,3‐tetracyanopropenides. Part 3. Heterocyclization by the Action of Hydrogen Halides.
Authors: Karpov S. V. , Kayukov Ya. S. , Bardasov I. N. , Kayukova O. V. , Lipin K. V. , Nasakin O. E. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractReaction of the title propenides (I) with hydrogen halides affords exclusively pyridine derivatives (II) in sBuOH whilst furanylidenemalononitriles are formed in aqueous medium.
ChemInform Abstract: Spirocyclohexadienones. Part 12. Dienone—Phenol Rearrangement of 1‐Substituted 2‐Azaspiro[4.5]undeca‐1,6,9‐trienes and Their Analogues.
Authors: Glushkov V. A. , Rotermel E. V. , Odegova T. F. , Shklyaev Yu. V. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe hydrolytic cleavage of the spiro compounds in acid media is accompanied by dienone—phenol rearrangement to furnish substituted N‐(hydroxyphenylethyl)‐carboxylic amides.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Heterogeneous Epoxidation of Alkenes by a Supported Tungsten Oxide Catalyst.
Authors: Kamata Keigo , Yonehara Koji , Sumida Yasutaka , Hirata Kazuhisa , Nojima Susumu , Mizuno Noritaka 
Published: April 2012

AbstractA heterogenous catalyst comprising of tungsten and zinc oxides (3.5 wt% W and 0.8 wt% Zn) on SnO2 support is found to efficiently promote the epoxidation of alkenes and the oxidation of amines, silanes, and sulfide by hydrogen peroxide.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Oxidative C—H Bond Acylation of Acetanilides with Benzylic Alcohols.
Authors: Yuan Yu , Chen Duanteng , Wang Xiaowei 
Published: April 2012

AbstractOxidative coupling of benzylic alcohols (II) and (IV) with acetanilides (I) proceeds readily in the system tert‐butyl hydroperoxide—TfOH—Pd(O‐Ac)2 to afford o‐aroylanilides (III) and (V), resp., in moderate to good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Approach Towards Dethioacetalization Reactions with H2O2—SOCl2 System.
Authors: Bahrami Kiumars , Khodaei Mohammad Mehdi , Tajik Maryam , Shakibaian Vida 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe reagent combination is efficient for dithioacetals,1,3‐dithianes and 1,3‐dithiolanes.
ChemInform Abstract: Rapid Synthesis of Highly Functionalized α‐Amino Amides and Medium Ring Lactones Using Multicomponent Reactions of Amino Alcohols and Isocyanides.
Authors: Bachman Martin , Mann Sam E. , Sheppard Tom D. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractFour‐component reactions between amino alcohols, aldehydes, isocyanides and aromatic thiols provide arylthioalkylamino acid amides (18 examples) under microwave heating.
ChemInform Abstract: Titanium(IV) Enolates of 2‐Nitrocarboxylic Esters and Their Oxidative Chlorination. A Convenient Route to α‐Chloro‐α‐nitrocarboxylates.
Authors: Ciez Dariusz , Kalinowska‐Tluscik Justyna 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe novel method involves oxidative chlorination of titanium(IV) enolates derived from esters (I) and (III) in the presence ammonium nitrate.
ChemInform Abstract: Designing N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes: Simultaneous Enhancement of Reactivity and Enantioselectivity in the Asymmetric Hydroacylation of Cyclopropenes.
Authors: Liu Fan , Bugaut Xavier , Schedler Michael , Froehlich Roland , Glorius Frank 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe utility of ortho,ortho′‐disubstituted triazolium derivatives as NHC‐catalysts in the preparation of enantioenriched acyl cyclopropanes is demonstrated.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd(II)‐Catalyzed Enantioselective C—H Activation of Cyclopropanes.
Authors: Wasa Masayuki , Engle Keary M. , Lin David W. , Yoo Eun Jeong , Yu Jin‐Quan 
Published: April 2012

AbstractA novel mono‐N‐protected amino acid ligand is employed for Pd(II)‐catalyzed enantioselective C—H activation of cyclopropanes (I) to synthesize enantioenriched cis‐substituted derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective One‐Pot Conjugate Addition of Grignard Reagents to Cyclic Enones Followed by Amidomethylation.
Authors: Bilcik Filip , Drusan Michal , Marak Jozef , Sebesta Radovan 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe title reaction proceeds with good to high enantioselectivity but low diastereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: In situ Acidic Carbon Dioxide/Ethanol System for Selective Oxybromination of Aromatic Ethers Catalyzed by Copper Chloride.
Authors: Liu An‐Hua , He Liang‐Nian , Hua Fang , Yang Zhen‐Zhen , Huang Cheng‐Bin , Yu Bing , Li Bin 
Published: April 2012

AbstractA simple, efficient, and regioselective method is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Fe/I2/NaI‐Mediated Synthesis of Alkenyl Iodides Through Direct Coupling of Alcohols and Alkynes.
Authors: Li Ming‐Ming , Zhang Qiang , Yue Hui‐Lan , Ma Lei , Ji Jian‐Xin 
Published: April 2012

AbstractReaction of secondary alcohols with alkynes under optimized conditions A) produces E/Z‐isomeric mixtures of the synthetically important structural motifs with the (E) isomer always predominating.
ChemInform Abstract: Indium‐Mediated Reaction of Nitroethane and Aldehydes: Characterization of the Nucleophilic Organoindium Species.
Authors: Soengas Raquel G. , Estevez Amalia M. 
Published: April 2012

Abstract2‐Bromonitroethane undergoes reductive coupling with aldehydes in the presence of indium powder to yield diastereomeric mixture of nitroalkanols.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Enantioselective Co‐Catalytic Direct Aldol Reactions by Combination of Hydrogen‐Bond Donating and Acyclic Amino Acid Catalysts.
Authors: Ma Guangning , Bartoszewicz Agnieszka , Ibrahem Ismail , Cordova Armando 
Published: April 2012

AbstractAmino acid AMA in combination with the thiourea THU promotes the asymmetric aldol reaction of aldehydes with ketones.
ChemInform Abstract: Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of β‐Keto‐enamines: An Efficient Approach to Chiral γ‐Amino Alcohols
Authors: Geng Huiling , Zhang Xiaowei , Chang Mingxin , Zhou Le , Wu Wenju , Zhang Xumu 
Published: April 2012

Abstractyields determined by NMR
ChemInform Abstract: Low Catalyst Loadings for Copper‐Catalyzed O‐Arylation of Phenols with Aryl and Heteroaryl Halides under Mild Conditions.
Authors: Yong Fui‐Fong , Teo Yong‐Chua , Yan Yaw‐Kai , Chua Guan‐Leong 
Published: April 2012

AbstractAn improved procedure is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Enhanced Synthesis of Aryl Nitriles Using Dimeric Orthopalladated Complex of Tribenzylamine and K4[Fe(CN)6].
Authors: Hajipour Abdol Reza , Rafiee Fatemeh , Ruoho Arnold E. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe use of PBC, which is not sensitive to moisture and air, allows the efficient cyanation of a broad spectrum of aryl halides.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium Complexes of P,P and P,S Type Bidentate Ligands: Implication in Suzuki—Miyaura Cross‐Coupling Reaction.
Authors: Saikia Kokil , Deb Biswajit , Borah Bibek Jyoti , Sarmah Podma Pollov , Dutta Dipak Kumar 
Published: April 2012

AbstractAmong palladium complexes (I) and their monosulfide analogues (II), the former show higher efficacy in the coupling reactions of bromides (III) with boronic acids (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: One Stone Two Birds: Construction of Polysubstituted Benzenes from the Same Starting Material and Precatalyst by Switching the Active Sites of Catalyst with Different Additives.
Authors: Feng Chun , Wang Xin , Wang Bi‐Qin , Zhao Ke‐Qing , Hu Ping , Shi Zhang‐Jie 
Published: April 2012

AbstractTuning the active sites of Grubbs second generation catalyst with either CuI or AgOTf allows the selective construction of 2 different tetrasubstituted benzene series from the same starting materials.
ChemInform Abstract: Diarylcyclohexanones: Synthons for New Bicyclic Compounds.
Authors: Ahmad Sarfraz , Weis Robert , Faist Johanna , Wolkinger Volker , Saf Robert , Belaj Ferdinand , Brun Reto , Kaiser Marcel , Seebacher Werner 
Published: April 2012

AbstractDiarylcyclohexanones (III) are used as synthons for the preparation of diarylbicyclo[2.2.2]octanones (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Heck Coupling Catalyzed by Pd‐Exchanged Supported 12‐Tunstophosphoric Acid — An Efficient Ligand‐Free, Low Pd‐Loading Heterogeneous Catalyst.
Authors: Pathan Soyeb , Patel Anjali 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe recyclable catalyst is successfully applied to the coupling of styrenes with iodo‐ and bromobenzenes.
ChemInform Abstract: A Forgotten Olefin: A Convenient One‐Pot Cascade Reaction Involving Suzuki—Miyaura and Mizoroki—Heck Couplings to Form (E)‐1,2‐Di(pyren‐1‐yl)ethylene.
Authors: Yamashita Ken‐ichi , Kimura Keisuke , Tazawa Shin , Asano Motoko S. , Sugiura Ken‐ichi 
Published: April 2012

AbstractAlong with the successful olefin metathesis sequence to title compound (IV), a cascade reaction is found.
ChemInform Abstract: Optimized Syntheses of the Furan Fatty Acids F5 and F6 Featuring Convertion of a β‐Iodofuran into a β‐Methylfuran in a Single Operation.
Authors: Knight David W. , Smith Andrew W. T. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractOptimized syntheses of the furan fatty acids F5 (XI) and F6 (XV) are presented which comprise the conversion of the β‐iodofuran (XII) into the β‐methylfuran (XIV) in a single operation.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloadditions of Azlactones and Electrophilic Alkenes Catalyzed by Dimeric BinapAuTFA Complexes.
Authors: Martin‐Rodriguez Maria , Najera Carmen , Sansano Jose M. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe gold catalyst (I) is highly suitable for the preparation of various optically active pyrrole derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: A Zinc(II) Catalyst System for the Conia‐Ene Reaction of Alkynyl‐Aminomalonates Applicable to 5‐endo‐Dig Reactions.
Authors: Hess Wilfried , Burton Jonathan W. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractVarious nitrogen heterocycles are obtained by zinc(II)‐catalyzed 5‐exo‐dig and 5‐endo‐dig cyclizations of alkynyl‐α‐aminomalonates.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2,5‐Disubstituted‐3‐cyanoindoles.
Authors: Bobko Mark A. , Evans Karen A. , Kaura Arun C. , Shuster Leanna E. , Su Dai‐Shi 
Published: April 2012

AbstractA three‐step sequence including selective iodination and ring closure with KOtBu via a Modified Madelung reaction yields iodo precursors of type (VI), which can be coupled with arylboronic acids.
ChemInform Abstract: Polyfunctional Imidazoles. Part 4. Synthesis of 2‐Aryl‐4‐chloro‐1‐methyl(aryl)‐1H‐imidazole‐5‐carbaldehydes (III)
Authors: Chornous V. A. , Grozav A. N. , Bratenko M. K. , Vovk M. V. 
Published: April 2012

Abstractvia Vilsmeier—Haack reaction of corresponding 2‐aroylaminoacetamide derivatives (I)
ChemInform Abstract: Imidazo[1,2‐a]benzimidazole Derivatives. Part 28. Syntheses and Heterocyclizations on the Basis of 1‐Allyl‐2‐aminobenzimidazole.
Authors: Anisimova V. A. , Tolpygin I. E. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractAddition of HBr to the double bond of benzimidazole derivatives (I) and (VII) is studied.
ChemInform Abstract: Isoquinoline‐Mediated S‐Vinylation and N‐Vinylation of Benzo[d]oxazole‐2‐thiol and Benzo[d]thiazole‐2‐thiol.
Authors: Yavari Issa , Nasiri‐Gheidari Samira , Mirzaei Anvar 
Published: April 2012

AbstractWhen 2‐mercaptobenzimidiazole is used, additional cyclization occurs to yield the tricyclic compound (IX).
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Asymmetric Cycloaddition Reaction of Alkenyl Trichloroacetates with Nitrones.
Authors: Yanagisawa Akira , Izumiseki Atsuto , Sugita Takuya , Kushihara Naoyuki , Yoshida Kazuhiro 
Published: April 2012

AbstractOptically active isoxazolidines are obtained with up to 95% e.e.
ChemInform Abstract: Nanoporous Copper Metal Catalyst in Click Chemistry: Nanoporosity‐Dependent Activity Without Supports and Bases.
Authors: Jin Tienan , Yan Mei , Menggenbateer Menggenbateer , Minato Taketoshi , Bao Ming , Yamamoto Yoshinori 
Published: April 2012

AbstractNanoporous copper with a ligament size of ≈40 nm is highly efficient for the addition of azides to alkynes.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of 2‐Arylhydrazonoacetamidoximes with Orthoesters.
Authors: Belskaya N. P. , Koksharov A. V. , Lesogorova S. G. , Slepukhin P. A. , Bakulev V. A. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractDepending on the reactant structure, 3‐arylhydrazono‐1,2,4‐oxadiazoles or 1,2,3‐triazoles are obtained.
ChemInform Abstract: Solvent‐Free One‐Pot Synthesis of Spiro[indoline‐3,4′(1H′)‐pyrano[2,3‐c]pyrazol]‐2‐one Derivatives by Grinding.
Authors: Liu Ying , Ren Zhongjiao , Cao Weiguo , Chen Jie , Deng Hongmei , Shao Min 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe reaction proceeds by simple grinding under ambient conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Heterocyclic Carbene‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Annulation of Bromoenal and 1,3‐Dicarbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Sun Fang‐Gang , Sun Li‐Hui , Ye Song 
Published: April 2012

AbstractIn the presence of base and the salts (I), bromoenals undergo cycloaddition with 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds to afford optically active dihydropyranones.
ChemInform Abstract: An Unusual Me3SiI‐Promoted [4 + 2] Annulation and Reduction: An Efficient Approach to Construct 4H‐Benzopyrans.
Authors: Wang Feijun , Qu Mingliang , Chen Feng , Li Li , Shi Min 
Published: April 2012

AbstractA cascade reaction of salicylic aldehydes with β‐dicarbonyl compounds affords 4H‐benzopyrans in moderate to good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: KAl(SO4)2·12H2O as a Recyclable Lewis Acid Catalyst for Synthesis of Spirooxindoles in Aqueous Media.
Authors: Oskooie Hossein A. , Heravi Majid M. , Karimi Narges , Hamidi Hoda 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe work‐up procedure is easy and the catalyst can be recycled.
ChemInform Abstract: Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate as an Efficient and Cheap Catalyst for the Synthesis of 2‐Aminochromenes
Authors: Meng Xin‐Ying , Wang Hong‐Juan , Wang Chun‐Ping , Zhang Zhan‐Hui 
Published: April 2012

Abstractvia one‐pot, three‐component reaction of naphthols with aromatic aldehydes and malononitrile under solvent‐free conditions
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of Substituted 4H‐Chromenes by Three‐Component Reaction of Alkyl Isocyanides, Dialkyl Acetylenedicarboxylates, and N‐Aryl‐3‐hydroxynapthalene‐2‐carboxamide.
Authors: Hassanabadi Alireza , Mosslemin Mohammad H. , Anary‐Abbasinejad Mohammad , Ghasemi Maryam 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe reactive intermediate generated by the reaction of alkyl isocyanides and acetylenedicarboxylates is trapped by carboxamide (I) yielding substituted 4H‐chromenes (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Reaction of ortho‐Piperidinobenzaldehydes with Pyrazolone.
Authors: Platonova A. Yu. , Deeva E. V. , Zimovets O. A. , Shatunova D. V. , El'tsov O. S. , Slepukhin P. A. , Glukhareva T. V. , Morzherin Yu. Yu. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe title reaction proceeds as a tandem Knoevenagel condensation/tert‐amino effect cyclization to furnish spiro‐compounds (III) in a stereoselective fashion.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of Pyrano[4,3‐b]quinolinones from 2‐Alkynyl‐3‐formylquinolines via Oxidative 6‐endo‐dig Ring Closure.
Authors: Roy Priyabrata , Ghorai Binay K. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe utility of NaClO2/H2O2 for the oxidative cyclization of 3‐formylquinolines and pyrazine (V) is demonstrated.
ChemInform Abstract: Indium(III) Chloride Catalyzed Convergent, Regioselective Synthesis of Annulated Quinoline and Pyridine Derivatives.
Authors: Majumdar K. C. , Nandi Raj Kumar , Ponra Sudipta 
Published: April 2012

AbstractA convenient and high‐yielding protocol is presented for the reaction of substrates of type (I) and (IV) with aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Heterocyclic Compounds Using Amidines as Their Ene‐1,1‐diamine Tautomers. Part 4. Synthesis of N‐Bridged Heterocycles 1,2,3,4‐Tetrahydropyrido[1,2‐a]pyrimidin‐6‐ones and Methyl 1,2,3,4‐Tetrahydropyrrolo[1,2‐a]pyrimidin‐7‐ylideneacetates.
Authors: Ihara Shogo , Soma Takashi , Yano Daigo , Aikawa Shunichi , Yoshida Yasuhiko 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe C‐alkylation of 2‐benzyl‐1,4,5,6‐tetrahydropyrimidines (I) by ethyl benzoylacetate and dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate, respectively, is studied.
ChemInform Abstract: Iodine‐Catalyzed, Multicomponent, One‐Pot Synthesis of 5‐Aryl‐5,8‐dihydrotetrazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidine‐7‐carboxylic Acids.
Authors: Zeng Li‐Yan , Ren Yi‐Ming , Cai Chun 
Published: April 2012

AbstractOther Lewis acid catalysts such as ferric chloride and cupric bromide are also effective while stannic chloride fails to provide the desired product.
ChemInform Abstract: Dicyanopyrazine‐Containing Fused Aromatic Molecules: Potential n‐Type Materials for Use in Optoelectronic Devices.
Authors: Li Qing , Li Jiuyan , Ren Huicai , Gao Zhanxian , Liu Di 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBoth compounds (III) exhibit bright blue fluorescence and have remarkable high EA and IP values.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxygen‐Bridged Neutral Annulenes: A Novel Class of Materials for Organic Field Effect Transistors.
Authors: Singh Kamaljit , Virk Tarunpreet Singh , Zhang Jing , Xu Wei , Zhu Daoben 
Published: April 2012

AbstractNew, neutral, meso‐substituted aromatic annulenes (III) are synthesized via a two‐step procedure starting from dialdehydes (I).
ChemInform Abstract: A New Selective Approach to Unsymmetrical Siloxanes and Germasiloxanes via O‐Metalation of Silanols with 2‐Methylallylsilanes and 2‐Methylallylgermanes.
Authors: Hreczycho Grzegorz , Pawluc Piotr , Marciniec Bogdan 
Published: April 2012

AbstractScandium triflate is an efficient catalyst for the selective O‐germylation and O‐silylation of silanols (I) under mild conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd‐Catalyzed Selective Hydrosilylation of Aryl Ketones and Aldehydes.
Authors: Chouthaiwale Pandurang V. , Rawat Varun , Sudalai Arumugam 
Published: April 2012

AbstractIt is demonstrated that Pd(O‐Ac)2 is an efficient catalyst for the hydrosilylation of various aryl ketones and aldehydes in DMF.
ChemInform Abstract: Convenient Synthesis of Monosubstituted Arylferrocenes Using PEG‐1000 as Phase‐Transfer Catalyst.
Authors: Chen Shufeng , An Zhicheng , Guo Ye , Li Baoguo 
Published: April 2012

AbstractA new approach for the synthesis of monosubstituted arylferrocenes is based on the coupling of aryldiazonium salts with ferrocene using PEG‐1000 as an efficient phase‐transfer catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Straightforward and Facile Approach Toward the N‐Derivatization of Pyroglutamates Through Mitsunobu Reaction: Synthesis of N‐Alkyl/N‐Acyl Pyroglutamates.
Authors: Panday Sharad Kumar , Prasad Jagdish , Pathak Manoher Bhushan 
Published: April 2012

AbstractA simple and efficient methodology for the N‐alkylation/N‐acylation of pyroglutamate under Mitsunobu conditions is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile N‐Urethane‐Protected α‐Amino/Peptide Thioacid Preparation Using EDC and Na2S.
Authors: Vishwanatha T. M. , Samarasimhareddy M. , Sureshbabu Vommina V. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractA simple protocol allows the conversion of α‐amino acid derivatives into the corresponding thioacid derivatives without epimerization.