bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postoperative Pain Control using a Comprehensive Programme for Day-Case Shoulder Surgery
Authors: Neilson Sam , Hallam Linda , Hundle Bhagwant , Funk Lennard 
Published: November 2010

Background To assess the effectiveness of a peri-operative pain control regimen for day-case shoulder surgery, including open and complex procedures. Methods A prospective cohort study of all patients undergoing day-case shoulder surgery in a single hospital over a 1-year period, using a comprehensive pain control regimen. The regimen included patient education, interscalene block, analgesics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications and a cold compression shoulder wrap. All patients were followed up with a telephone call 24 hours after surgery to assess their pain levels, compliance and any ill effects. Results There were 187 patients in the time period, with 90.4% reporting that their pain was well controlled. Twenty-eight patients (15%) experienced moderate and severe pain 24 hours postoperatively. These were limited to five common procedures, with arthroscopic rotator cuff repair and arthroscopic stabilization being the most common, comprising 75% of the reported painful procedures. Only four patients reported severe pain (2%). Two of these took no medication at all. Three of these four patients had 360° labral repairs and the other a massive, revision arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Conclusion Postoperative pain after day-case shoulder surgery can be effectively managed with a comprehensive analgesic regimen. This includes open shoulder surgery and complex arthroscopic procedures.
Determination of Dewetting Criterion for Nonlinear Solid Propellant
Stress Analysis
Authors: Lindsey G. H. , Woods J. E. 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
A criterion for dewetting in solid propellant materials is developed from an application of Drucker’s postulate to an idealized model of stress-strain behavior. The criterion is evaluated experimentally via dewetting measurements in uniaxial and multiaxial stress states. Development of the method of data reduction for the triaxial tensile test has brought new insight to previous work reported with the test.
Analysis of variables associated with the Ichthyophonus hoferi epizootics in Norwegian spring spawning herring, 1992–2008
Authors: Kramer-Schadt Stephanie , Holst Jens Christian , Skagen Dankert 
Published: November 2010

We present a long-term study of epizootics in a migratory fish species that shows major advancements in our understanding of marine disease ecology. On the individual macroscopic level, Ichthyophonus hoferi infections in herring significantly reduced body condition (p < 0.01) and reproductive capacity (gonad weight, p < 0.001). Infection prevalence increased with age (p < 0.001, R adj2 = 0.71). Prevalence in the catches strongly depended on target school size and was thus higher in trawl catches. We found strong seasonality in infection prevalence within years, with peaks in summer and winter. Summer peaks spatially formed an “infectious belt” off the west coast of Norway, consisting of infected fish unable to follow the migration routes to the feeding grounds. Prevalence varied also between years (p ≤ 0.001). Since 1992, it had declined from stock prevalence levels of 10%, down to almost extinction, with another major peak in 1999. The annual peaks could best be associated with strong year classes (Pearson’s r = 0.56), a good overall body condition (r = 0.86), and plastic wintering behaviour.
The response of zooplankton in a whole-lake experiment on the effects of a cage aquaculture operation for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Authors: Paterson Michael J. , Podemski Cheryl L. , Findlay Wilhelmina J. , Findlay David L. , Salki Alex G. 
Published: November 2010

There is hope that increased development of aquaculture will help meet future global needs for protein. The growth of the freshwater aquaculture industry in Canada, however, has been hampered by insufficient information on environmental impacts. We examined the effects of an experimental cage aquaculture operation for rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) on planktonic Crustacea and rotifers using 6 years of precage and 7 years of postcage data. Following the initiation of aquaculture, total crustacean and rotifer biomass, egg production, and depth distributions did not change significantly when compared with data from three nearby unimpacted lakes. We found statistically detectable increases in densities of Bosmina cf. longirostris and Diacyclops thomasi and an overall change in crustacean zooplankton community structure using correspondence analysis. The response of zooplankton was less than we expected because comparatively large changes were observed in phytoplankton biomass, hypolimnetic O2, and densities of invertebrate ( Mysis diluviana ) and fish predators. Our study emphasizes the need to monitor multiple variables when assessing the ecosystem impacts of potential stressors such as aquaculture.
Chemopreventive Effects of Pioglitazone on Chemically Induced Lung Carcinogenesis in Mice
Authors: Wang Yian , James Michael , Wen Weidong , Lu Yan , Szabo Eva , Lubet Ronald A. , You Ming 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
Pioglitazone [(RS)-5-(4-[2-(5-ethylpyridin-2-yl)ethoxy]benzyl)thiazolidine-2,4-dione] is a ligand of nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ that is approved for the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus. Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ has been associated with anticancer activities in a variety of cancer cell lines through inhibition of proliferation and promotion of apoptosis. We examined the effect of pioglitazone on lung cancer development in carcinogen-induced lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). When pioglitazone was administered beginning 8 weeks after the first carcinogen treatment when microscopic adenomas already existed, pioglitazone significantly inhibited tumor load (sum of tumor volume per lung in average) by 64% (P &lt; 0.05) in p53wt/wt mice and 50% (P &lt; 0.05) in p53wt/Ala135Val mice in the lung adenocarcinoma model. Delayed administration of pioglitazone caused a limited (35%, P &lt; 0.05) decrease in lung SCC. Induction of apoptosis occurred in both model systems. These data show that pioglitazone significantly inhibited progression of both adenocarcinoma and SCC in the two mouse model systems. Mol Cancer Ther; 9(11); 3074–82. ©2010 AACR.
Description of new and known species of the rare nematode genera Qudsiella Jairajpuri, 1967 and Swangeria Thorne, 1939 (Belondiridae: Dorylaimida)
Authors: Ahmad Wasim , Naz Tabbasam 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
Two new and a known species of the rare genera Qudsiella and Swangeria are
described and illustrated. Qudsiella tropica sp. n. is characterised by
having a 1.3-1.5 mm long body, a rounded lip region continuous with the
body, 3 μm long odontostyle with distinct lumen and aperture, vulva located
at 40-42% from anterior end, long filiform tail, 26-30 μm long spicules and
three or four regularly spaced ventromedian supplements. Qudsiella gracilis
is redescribed based on specimens collected from India, Japan and Nicaragua.
Swangeria longicauda sp. n. is characterised by a 1.2-1.3 mm long body,
truncate lip region continuous with the body, 2.5-3 μm long attenuated
odontostyle, expanded part of pharynx occupying ca 34-35% of total neck
length and long filiform tail. The diagnosis of each genus is emended.
Biopesticides with complex modes of action: direct and indirect effects of DiTera® on Meloidogyne incognita
Authors: Spence Kenneth O. , Lewis Edwin E. 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
Bionematicides may exhibit complex modes of action based on: i) direct lethal
or sub-lethal effects on the nematode; ii) promotion of plant growth and
damage tolerance; and/or iii) influencing the interaction between the plant
and the nematode by inducing plant defences. A suite of assays was conducted
to characterise the mode of action of the commercial bionematicide DiTera®
(Valent Biosciences, Chicago, IL, USA). Agar-based behavioural assays
revealed significant chemotactic responses of second-stage juveniles of
Meloidogyne incognita to DiTera with concentrations of 1.0% and 0.1% being
repellent and 0.01% being attractive to M. incognita. In addition, exposure
to 1.0% DiTera reduced the velocity and increased the meander of nematodes
in no-choice tests. These experiments were complemented with soil-based
assays. Rhizotron and minirhizotron assays that allowed spatially explicit
evaluation of root growth demonstrated root proliferation of Solanum
lycopersicum cv. Rutgers in response to localised applications of DiTera.
Our results confirm that DiTera can positively affect plant growth and may
influence nematode foraging behaviour. However, results of the soil-based
assays provided little support for the hypothesis that DiTera has direct or
indirect (plant-mediated) effects on M. incognita performance. This is in
contrast to some of the published literature, and it may be that the chosen
methods were not appropriate to detect these effects.
Schistonchus (Aphelenchoididae) from Ficus (Moraceae) in Australia, with description of S. aculeata sp. n.
Authors: Davies Kerrie , Bartholomaeus Faerlie , Ye Weimin , Kanzaki Natsumi , Giblin-Davis Robin 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
A checklist of Schistonchus collected from Ficus spp. in Australia and stored
in the Waite Nematode Collection at the University of Adelaide is presented.
Within Australia, Schistonchus contains 12 morphospecies and four nominal
species, based on a combination of the following characters: body shape when
heat-relaxed, position of excretory pore, length of post-uterine sac,
spicule form, and number and position of caudal papillae. Up to four
morphospecies of Schistonchus have been collected from one species of Ficus
and, in several cases, one morphospecies of Schistonchus has been collected
from more than one host fig species. A phylogenetic tree based on D2/D3
sequences showed that Australian collections of Schistonchus fall into two
clades, suggestive of endemic and introduced lineages with host switching.
Schistonchus aculeata sp. n. is described from F. aculeata and F. opposita
and differentiated from other species of Schistonchus by having the
excretory pore opening near the lips, a short post-uterine sac,
rosethorn-shaped spicules, arcuate gubernaculum or thickening of dorsal
wall, amoeboid sperm, and three pairs of caudal papillae (one pair
adcloacal, one just posterior to mid-tail, and one near the tail tip),
association with Kradibia spp. pollinating wasps and apparent
biogeographical range. A key to the known species and morphospecies of
Schistonchus from Australia is presented.
Upper-Level Atmospheric Circulation Patterns and Ground-Level Ozone in the Atlanta Metropolitan Area
Authors: Diem Jeremy E. , Hursey Melissa A. , Morris Imani R. , Murray Amanda C. , Rodriguez Ricardo A. 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to identify middle-troposphere circulation patterns associated with high ozone concentrations during June–August of 2000–07 in the Atlanta, Georgia, metropolitan statistical area (MSA), which is located in the southeastern United States. The methods involved classifying daily 500-hPa geopotential height fields into synoptic types, determining the mean atmospheric conditions (i.e., daytime temperature, daytime relative humidity, daytime cloud cover, morning mixing height, and afternoon mixing height) for the types, determining the mean daily maximum 8-h average ozone concentrations for the types, and performing back-trajectory analyses for high-ozone types. There were a total of 12 synoptic types, and significantly high ozone concentrations across the MSA coincided with the three following types: Atlanta under a continental anticyclone, Atlanta to the east of a continental anticyclone and west of a trough, and Atlanta under the western side of a trough. The continental-anticyclone type was much more prevalent than the other two types. When the MSA was under or just to the east of a continental anticyclone, atmospheric conditions were conducive to increased in situ ozone production and pollutant carryover from the previous day. Between 45% and 60% of the days with those circulation patterns had ozone concentrations exceeding the federal standard. When the Atlanta MSA was under the western side of a trough, not only did the potential for in situ ozone production and pollutant carryover contribute to high ozone concentrations, but there also was a high potential for pollutant transport from the Ohio River valley into the Atlanta MSA.
Amelioration of murine immune thrombocytopenia by CD44 antibodies: a potential therapy for ITP?
Authors: Crow Andrew R. , Song Seng , Suppa Sara J. , Ma Shuhua , Reilly Michael P. , Andre Pierrette , McKenzie Steven E. , Lazarus Alan H. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractTo explore the potential for monoclonal antibodies as a treatment for immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) and to further explore their mechanisms of action, we tested 8 monoclonal CD44 antibodies in murine ITP and found 4 antibodies that could successfully ameliorate ITP; 2 of these antibodies function at a full 3-log fold lower dosage compared with IVIg. Further characterization of the 2 most successful antibodies (5035–41.1D and KM114) demonstrated that, similar to IVIg: (1) the presence of the inhibitory IgG receptor FcγRIIB was required for their ameliorative function, (2) complement-deficient mice responded to anti-CD44 treatment, and (3) human transgenic FcγRIIA-expressing mice also responded to the CD44 therapeutic modality. Dissimilar to IVIg, the Fc portion of the CD44 antibody was not required. These data demonstrate that CD44 antibodies can function therapeutically in murine ITP and that they could potentially provide a very-low-dose recombinant therapy for the amelioration of human ITP.
High IGSF4 expression in pediatric M5 acute myeloid leukemia with t(9;11)(p22;q23)
Authors: Kuipers Jenny E. , Coenen Eva A. , Balgobind Brian V. , Stary Jan , Baruchel Andre , de Haas Valerie , de Bont Eveline S. J. M. , Reinhardt Dirk , Kaspers Gertjan J. L. , Cloos Jacqueline , Danen-van Oorschot Astrid A. , den Boer Monique L. , Marschalek Rolf , Meyer Claus , Pieters Rob , Zwaan C. Michel , van den Heuvel-Eibrink Marry M. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractPediatric mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL)–rearranged acute monoblastic leukemia with t(9;11)(p22;q23) has a favorable outcome compared with other MLL-rearranged AML. The biologic background for this difference remains unknown. Therefore, we compared gene expression profiles (GEPs; Affymetrix HGU133 + 2.0) of 26 t(9;11)(p22;q23) patients with 42 other MLL-rearranged AML patients to identify differentially expressed genes. IGSF4, a cell-cell adhesion molecule, was found to be highly expressed in t(9;11)(p22;q23) patients, which was confirmed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. IGSF4 expression within t(9;11)(p22;q23) patients was 4.9 times greater in French-American-British morphology classification (FAB)–M5 versus other FAB-types (P = .001). Methylation status investigation showed that high IGSF4-expressing t(9;11)(p22;q23) patients with FAB-M5 have no promoter hypermethylation, whereas all other cases do. Cell-line incubation with demethylating agent decitabine resulted in promoter demethylation and increased expression of IGSF4. Down-regulation of IGSF4 by siRNA did not affect proliferation or drug sensitivity. In a cohort of 79 MLL-rearranged AML cases, we show significant better overall survival for cases with high IGSF4 expression (5-year overall survival 0.70 vs 0.37, P = .03) In conclusion, we identified IGSF4 overexpression to be discriminative for t(9;11)(p22;q23) patients with FAB-M5, regulated partially by promoter methylation and resulting in survival benefit.
Soluble perlecan domain i enhances vascular endothelial growth factor-165 activity and receptor phosphorylation in human bone marrow endothelial cells
Authors: Muthusamy Arivalagan , Cooper Carlton R , Gomes Ronald R 
Published: November 2010

Abstract

Background
Immobilized recombinant perlecan domain I (PlnDI) binds and modulates the activity of heparin-binding growth factors, in vitro. However, activities for PlnDI, in solution, have not been reported. In this study, we assessed the ability of soluble forms to modulate vascular endothelial growth factor-165 (VEGF165) enhanced capillary tube-like formation, and VEGF receptor-2 phosphorylation of human bone marrow endothelial cells, in vitro.

Results
In solution, PlnDI binds VEGF165 in a heparan sulfate and pH dependent manner. Capillary tube-like formation is enhanced by exogenous PlnDI; however, PlnDI/VEGF165 mixtures combine to enhance formation beyond that stimulated by either PlnDI or VEGF165 alone. PlnDI also stimulates VEGF receptor-2 phosphorylation, and mixtures of PlnDI/VEGF165 reduce the time required for peak VEGF receptor-2 phosphorylation (Tyr-951), and increase Akt phosphorylation. PlnDI binds both immobilized neuropilin-1 and VEGF receptor-2, but has a greater affinity for neuropilin-1. PlnDI binding to neuropilin-1, but not to VEGF receptor-2 is dependent upon the heparan sulfate chains adorning PlnDI. Interestingly, the presence of VEGF165 but not VEGF121 significantly enhances PlnDI binding to Neuropilin-1 and VEGF receptor-2.

Conclusions
Our observations suggest soluble forms of PlnDI are biologically active. Moreover, PlnDI heparan sulfate chains alone or together with VEGF165 can enhance VEGFR-2 signaling and angiogenic events, in vitro. We propose PlnDI liberated during basement membrane or extracellular matrix turnover may have similar activities, in vivo.
SHOX2 DNA Methylation is a Biomarker for the diagnosis of lung cancer based on bronchial aspirates
Authors: Schmidt Bernd , Liebenberg Volker , Dietrich Dimo , Schlegel Thomas , Kneip Christoph , Seegebarth Anke , Flemming Nadja , Seemann Stefanie , Distler Jürgen , Lewin Jörn , Tetzner Reimo , Weickmann Sabine , Wille Ulrike , Liloglou Triantafillos , Raji Olaide , Walshaw Martin , Fleischhacker Michael , Witt Christian , Field John K 
Published: November 2010

Abstract

Background
This study aimed to show that SHOX2 DNA methylation is a tumor marker in patients with suspected lung cancer by using bronchial fluid aspirated during bronchoscopy. Such a biomarker would be clinically valuable, especially when, following the first bronchoscopy, a final diagnosis cannot be established by histology or cytology. A test with a low false positive rate can reduce the need for further invasive and costly procedures and ensure early treatment.

Methods
Marker discovery was carried out by differential methylation hybridization (DMH) and real-time PCR. The real-time PCR based HeavyMethyl technology was used for quantitative analysis of DNA methylation of SHOX2 using bronchial aspirates from two clinical centres in a case-control study. Fresh-frozen and Saccomanno-fixed samples were used to show the tumor marker performance in different sample types of clinical relevance.

Results
Valid measurements were obtained from a total of 523 patient samples (242 controls, 281 cases). DNA methylation of SHOX2 allowed to distinguish between malignant and benign lung disease, i.e. abscesses, infections, obstructive lung diseases, sarcoidosis, scleroderma, stenoses, at high specificity (68% sensitivity [95% CI 62-73%], 95% specificity [95% CI 91-97%]).

Conclusions
Hypermethylation of SHOX2 in bronchial aspirates appears to be a clinically useful tumor marker for identifying subjects with lung carcinoma, especially if histological and cytological findings after bronchoscopy are ambiguous.
Association of polymorphisms of interleukin-18 gene promoter region with polycystic ovary syndrome in chinese population
Authors: Yang Yan , Qiao Jie , Li Mei-zhi 
Published: November 2010

Abstract

Background
Recent research shows that polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) may have an association with low-grade chronic inflammation, and that PCOS may induce an increase in serum interleukin-18 (IL-18) levels.

Methods
To investigate the polymorphisms of the IL-18 gene promoters with PCOS, two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter of the IL-18 gene (at positions -607C/A and -137G/C) in 118 Chinese women with PCOS and 79 controls were evaluated using polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Results
No significant differences were found in the genotype distribution, allele frequency and haplotype frequency between the PCOS and control groups. Further analysis demonstrated a relationship between IL-18 gene promoter polymorphisms and PCOS insulin resistance (IR). Regarding the -137 allele frequency, G and C allele frequencies were 93.5% and 6.5%, respectively, in the PCOS with IR patients; G and C allele frequencies were 85.4% and 14.6%, respectively, in PCOS patients without IR (chi2 = 3.601, P = 0.048).

Conclusions
The presence of a polymorphism in the IL-18 gene was found to have no correlation with the occurrence of PCOS. Carriage of the C allele at position -137 in the promoter of the IL-18 gene may play a protective role from the development of PCOS IR.
Categorisation of continuous risk factors in epidemiological publications: a survey of current practice
Authors: Turner Elizabeth L , Dobson Joanna E , Pocock Stuart J 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
Background
Reports of observational epidemiological studies often categorise (group) continuous risk factor (exposure) variables. However, there has been little systematic assessment of how categorisation is practiced or reported in the literature and no extended guidelines for the practice have been identified. Thus, we assessed the nature of such practice in the epidemiological literature. Two months (December 2007 and January 2008) of five epidemiological and five general medical journals were reviewed. All articles that examined the relationship between continuous risk factors and health outcomes were surveyed using a standard proforma, with the focus on the primary risk factor. Using the survey results we provide illustrative examples and, combined with ideas from the broader literature and from experience, we offer guidelines for good practice.

Results
Of the 254 articles reviewed, 58 were included in our survey. Categorisation occurred in 50 (86%) of them. Of those, 42% also analysed the variable continuously and 24% considered alternative groupings. Most (78%) used 3 to 5 groups. No articles relied solely on dichotomisation, although it did feature prominently in 3 articles. The choice of group boundaries varied: 34% used quantiles, 18% equally spaced categories, 12% external criteria, 34% other approaches and 2% did not describe the approach used. Categorical risk estimates were most commonly (66%) presented as pairwise comparisons to a reference group, usually the highest or lowest (79%). Reporting of categorical analysis was mostly in tables; only 20% in figures.

Conclusions
Categorical analyses of continuous risk factors are common. Accordingly, we provide recommendations for good practice. Key issues include pre-defining appropriate choice of groupings and analysis strategies, clear presentation of grouped findings in tables and figures, and drawing valid conclusions from categorical analyses, avoiding injudicious use of multiple alternative analyses.