bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alleviating Acute Lung Injury Induced by Lipopolysaccharide: Dayuan
Yin Suppresses Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Elderly Male Rats
Authors: Zhang Lei , Zhu Wei , Zhang Ze-peng , Huang Yu 
Published: June 2024

Background:
The occurrence of acute lung injury (ALI) caused by lipopolysaccharide
(LPS) is prevalent and perilous among older individuals. Inflammation and oxidative stress
are vital factors in the progression of ALI in this population. Dayuan Yin (DYY) is a classic
Chinese herbal formula used for treating pulmonary diseases. Therefore，this situation can be
well simulated by selecting suitable aged rats and induced by LPS, which is helpful to evaluate
the role of DYY.

Objective:
The objective of this study is to assess the therapeutic efficacy of DYY in reducing
pulmonary inflammation and oxidative stress injury in aged rats induced by LPS.

Methods:
In elderly male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats, the ALI model was induced by injecting
LPS into the peritoneal cavity. The therapeutic effect of the DYY group was evaluated after 3
days of oral administration. Lung tissue damage was assessed using hematoxylin-eosin staining
and the lung wet/dry (W/D) ratio. Inflammatory reaction in lung tissue was analyzed by counting
inflammatory agents, measuring total protein (TP), and examining the concentration of inflammatory
components in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Lung oxidative stress was assessed
by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and superoxide
dismutase (SOD) levels in BALF. The impact of DYY on the phosphorylation of
PI3K, AKT, and NF-κBp65 protein was analyzed using Western Blot (WB).

Results:
The administration of DYY exhibited a dose-dependent reduction in the severity of
lung injury caused by LPS, leading to a reversal of the LPS-induced lung W/D ratio. Furthermore,
DYY treatment resulted in decreased levels of leukocytes, eosinophils, neutrophils, macrophages,
lymphocytes, and total protein in BALF. Additionally, DYY significantly inhibited
the upregulation of Interleukin -6, Interleukin -10, and Interleukin -1β (IL-6, IL-10, IL-1β) as
well as Tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) induced by LPS (P<0.01). The lungs experienced oxidative
stress due to LPS, leading to the production of MDA and iNOS, as well as a decrease in
SOD activity. DYY reduced oxidative stress in the lungs and inhibited the activation of p-PI3K,
p-Akt, and p-NF-κBp65, with a greater effect at higher doses.

Conclusion:
In a dose-dependent manner, DYY suppresses the inflammatory response and oxidative
stress in the lung tissue of elderly rats, thereby reducing ALI caused by LPS. This effect
may be attributed to the inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway activation.
Roles of MDA-LDL/OX-LDL/LOX-1 and TNF-α/TLR4/NF-κB Signaling
Pathways in Myocardial Damage by Implantations of Cardiac Pacemakers
in Elderly Patients
Authors: Li Xia , Zhou Wenhang , Guo Dianxuan , Hu Youdong , Zhou Hualan , Chen Ying 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
Permanent pacemakers are an established treatment for sick sinus syndrome
and high-grade atrioventricular block. Permanent cardiac pacemaker implantations may damage the
myocardium.

Objective:
This study evaluated markers of myocardial injury, oxidative stress and inflammation in
elderly patients with permanent pacemaker implantations.

Methods:
Various markers were measured at 1, 2, 3 and 4 months after permanent pacemaker implantations
in elderly patients.

Results:
The levels of high-sensitivity troponin T (hsTnT), lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein
receptor-1 (LOX-1), malondialdehyde-modified low-density lipoprotein (MDA-LDL), oxidized
low-density lipoprotein (OX-LDL), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)
and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) were increased in 2-month group compared with control and 1-
month groups (P<0.001), and were further increased at 4-month group compared with 2- and 3-
month groups after pacemaker implantations (P<0.001). Patients with dual-chamber pacemakers had
higher levels of hsTnT, LOX-1, MDA-LDL, OX-LDL, TNF-α, TLR4 and NF-κB than patients with
single chamber pacemakers (P<0.001). Patients who underwent the pacemakers with the active fixation
leads had raised levels of hsTnT, LOX-1, MDA-LDL, OX-LDL, TNF-α, TLR4 and NF-κB
compared patients with pacemakers using the passive fixation leads (P<0.001). Myocardial blood
flows in 3-month and 4-month groups were lower than 1-month and 2-month groups (P<0.001).

Conclusion:
Levels of hsTnT, LOX-1, MDA-LDL, OX-LDL, TNF-α, TLR4 and NF-κB were elevated
in elderly patients with permanent pacemaker implantations and the activations of oxidative
stress and pro-inflammatory signalling pathways may be associated with myocardial damages and
ischemia after pacemaker implantations in elderly patients.
Pill Burden: A Major Barrier to HAART Adherence and Fixed Dose
Combinations (FDCS) as its Solution – A Mini-Review
Authors: Simon Mugisa , Derrick Ssebaduka , Kosanam Sreya , Pasupula Rajeshwari 
Published: June 2024

:
HIV/ AIDS is a global pandemic, one of the most challenging; with no cure for the disease,
various therapies available in the form of regimens as Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy
(HAART) or simply Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) are the only way to manage the disease.
The Fixed Dose Combinations (FDCs) concept has been a well-recognised improvement in pharmacotherapy
for the treatment of a variety of chronic maladies like hypertension, diabetes,
HIV/AIDS, and several FDC products consisting of HIV drugs are approved. These single-tablet
regimens have been essential in streamlining ART, lowering pill burden and increasing adherence.
Adherence to HAART is the most vital factor to ensure medication success and virologic
suppression. However, adherence is faced with several barriers including adverse effects of drugs,
the complexity of ART, social-cultural factors, and pill burden among others. This writing reviews
the concept of adherence to ART, and its barriers while stressing pill burden as a significant
one which we suggest would be solved by using Fixed Dose Combinations (FDCs).
Exploring the Potential of Nanomolecular Therapeutic Therapy Options, and Novel Biomarkers in Triple-negative Breast Cancer Treatment
Authors: Verma Ravinder , Jain Yashmi , Rani Laxmi , Kaushik Deepak , Bhatt Shailendra , Mathur Pooja 
Published: June 2024

Abstract:
Approximately 1,70,000 of the 1 million cases of Breast Cancer (BC) identified every year
globally are triple-negative. Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) has different clinical and pathologic
features. Because of its aggressive attitude, typically poor prognosis, and non-existence of targeted
medicines, chemotherapy is the only treatment available, making it a clinical problem. This
subgroup is responsible for 15% of all types of BC cases and a larger proportion of BC cases in African-
American females. It can be treated with conventional therapy because there are no special
treatment recommendations for this subtype; nonetheless, this therapy leaves patients with a high incidence
of local and systemic recurrence. Clinically, they manifest as interval cancer in younger
women and have a higher chance of recurrence in the first three years. Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor
(EGFR), VEGF, basal cytokeratins, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1, p53, tyrosinase kinases,
mTOR, heat and stress proteins, and TOP-2A are only a few of the biomarkers examined in research
on TNBC. This study aims to concentrate on its characteristics, definition, and available treatments
now and in the future. Additionally, we looked for angiogenesis, growth, and survival pathway
blockade, as well as synthetic lethality. Moreover, nanomolecular therapeutic therapy options, the
role of biomarkers, and various clinical trials are discussed briefly. The successful development of
targeted therapy for TNBC is still limited because of its heterogeneity. In this article, we outline the
present and potential treatment landscape for TNBC and discuss how a thorough knowledge of the
ecosystem around TNBC could aid in categorizing risk levels and improving the likelihood of therapy
personalization.
EPI-HAN: Identification of Enhancer Promoter Interaction Using Hierarchical Attention Network
Authors: Ahmed Fatma S. , Aly Saleh , Liu Xiangrong 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Enhancer-Promoter Interaction (EPI) recognition is crucial for understanding
human development and transcriptional regulation. EPI in the genome plays a significant role in
regulating gene expression. In Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS), EPIs help to improve
the mechanistic understanding of disease- or trait-associated genetic variants.

Methods:
Experimental methods for classifying EPIs are time-consuming and expensive. Consequently,
there has been a growing emphasis on research focused on developing computational approaches
that leverage deep learning and other machine learning techniques. One of the main challenges
in EPI prediction is the long sequences of enhancers and promoters, which most existing computational
approaches struggle with. This paper proposes a new deep learning model based on the Hierarchical
Attention Network (HAN) for EPI detection. The proposed EPI-HAN model has two
unique features: (i) a hybrid embedding strategy (ii) a hierarchical HAN structure comprising two
attention layers that operate at both the individual token and smaller sequence levels.

Results:
In benchmark comparisons, the EPI-HAN model demonstrates superior performance over
state-of-the-art methods, as evidenced by AUROC and AUPR metrics for specific cell lines. Specifically,
for the cell lines HeLa-S3, HUVEC, and NHEK, the AUROC values are 0.962, 0.946, and
0.987, respectively, and the AUPR values are 0.842, 0.724, and 0.926, respectively.

Conclusion:
The comparative results indicate that our model surpasses other state-of-the-art models
in three out of six cell lines. The Superior performance in recognizing EPIs is attributed to the hierarchical
structure of the attention mechanism.
Probiotics in the Prevention of Mucositis in People Undergoing Curative
Radiotherapy for their Head and Neck Cancer: A Mini-Review
Authors: Krishna Abhishek , Marakala Vijaya , D'souza Rashmi T. , Shenoy Vinayaka R. , D'souza Sandeep , Pai Jakribettu Ramakrishna , Shrinath Baliga Manjeshwar 
Published: June 2024

:
Radiotherapy for head and neck cancer (HNC) is associated with a dose-limiting side
effect known as radiation-induced oral mucositis (RIOM), which severely diminishes the quality of
life for patients. The best part is that this adverse effect has identified risk factors, enabling the implementation
of preventative medication to delay/mitigate the ill effects, colonization of opportunistic
microbes, and infection. Clinically, several effective strategies have been developed to prevent
severe RIOM. However, there are limited options for solutions that are both advantageous and practical
while also being cost-effective to implement. Results from well-designed and carried-out research
have indicated that probiotics have potential benefits in both the management and prevention
of RIOM. Research using animal models and clinical studies has affirmatively shown that the utilization
of probiotic organisms can successfully modify the intensity of inflammation by modifying
the composition, metabolism, and functional characteristics of natural microbiota. Furthermore, the
majority (3 of 4) randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies revealed that probiotics were
beneficial in decreasing RIOM. This article collates and examines the scientific observations, addresses
the underlying mechanisms, and explores the potential benefits of probiotics in mitigating
the occurrence and severity of RIOM.
Exploring the Practice of Ideological and Political Theories teaching in Journalism Courses in the Era of Smart Media
Authors: Zhu Wenxuan 
Published: June 2024

With the wave of informationisation and intelligence sweeping the world today, smart media is profoundly changing the face of the news industry with its powerful data integration capability, personalised information pushing method and instant interactive communication mechanism. News is not only a medium of information transmission but also an important force in shaping social opinion and leading value orientation. Therefore, in the era of smart media, the teaching content and methods of journalism courses need to keep pace with the times in order to better cultivate journalism talents who can meet the needs of the times. This paper describes the intrinsic connection between journalism courses and civic education, analyses the significance of the integration of journalism courses and civic education in the era of smart media, and explores the integration path to provide more reference for cultivating more excellent journalism talents.
Planos de Saúde dos municípios do estado do Espírito Santo: uma análise com foco na Vigilância Sanitária
Authors: Costa Tebas de Freitas Frederico Felipe , Rosas Ferreira Livia , Karolyne Jandrey Paola , Pôrto Marques Gabriela 
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Health Plans are management instruments that guide the definition and implementation of health activities. As an integral part of the Unified Health System, Health Surveillance actions must be included in Health Plans. Objective: To analyze the inclusion of health surveillance in municipal health plans in the state of Espírito Santo, aiming to understand how this area was expressed in the management of these instruments. Method: A documentary analysis of municipal health plans for the four-year periods 2018–2021 and 2022–2025 was carried out, framing health surveillance actions into categories and subcategories. It was found that health surveillance actions are mostly of an authorization and health control nature, as well as related to the process of decentralization of activities between the state and municipality. Results: There was a strong presence of actions related to the physical structuring of health surveillance bodies, denoting a possible weakness in meeting the population’s health needs. Conclusions: The lack of consolidated national indicators and information systems in health surveillance ends up distancing this area from planning bodies, thus generating discrepancies between the population’s health needs and health surveillance actions.
Labor Costs of Implementing New Accounting Standards
Authors: Huang Zhongwei , Enache Luminita , Moldovan Rucsandra , Srivastava Anup 
Published: June 2024

SYNOPSIS
Although much research focuses on informational benefits of new accounting standards, the costs of implementing them remain largely unexamined. We consider one such cost in the adoption of two recent standards: lease accounting and revenue recognition. We find an increase in the number of job postings demanding skills related to accounting for those standards around their issuance. Firms most affected by new standards, measured by accounting complexity and early adoption behavior, post more accounting jobs. Using job postings as a proxy for hiring, we estimate incremental labor costs at about 30 percent of median audit fees for each standard for the most affected firms. Our tests indicate greater regulatory compliance burden for smaller firms. We provide large-sample evidence on the lower bound for the costs of implementing new accounting standards. Our findings should interest standard setters as they evaluate the cost-benefit tradeoffs of issuing new standards.
Data Availability: Data are commercially available from the sources cited in the text.
JEL Classifications: J23; M41; M51.
THE UNFINISHED “KHACHATUR ABOVYAN” NOVEL BY AKSEL BAKUNTS
Authors: DOLUKHANYAN AELITA 
Published: June 2024

The idea of the “Khachatur Abovyan” novel occupied Aksel Bakunts’s mind for several years leading him to studiously examine the writings of the great educator, as well as to research the archival materials about Abovyan’s life.
Numerous remarkable literary critics, including Edvard Jrbashyan, Suren Aghababyan, and Hrant Tamrazyan, have analyzed the novel “Khachatur Abovyan.” They have all considered it a historical novel (Tamrazyan H., 1984).
This unfinished novel reflects the joint evaluation of Bakunts and Charents regarding
the tragic issues and barriers that Abovyan had to fight for bringing his vision to life, as noted by Suren Aghababyan (Nalbandian V., 1978).
Yeghishe Charents tremendously admired the “Khachatur Abovyan” novel. On one occasion, he told Ruben Zaryan, “Wait, wait a bit more, and then you will see what our friend will accomplish.” (Aghababyan S., 1986).
Bakunts succeeded in bringing to life the period of Abovyan’s life when he was studying in Dorpat (present-day Tartu in Estonia), vividly describing Abovyan’s university environment and longing for his distant homeland.
The novel “Khachatur Abovyan” has accurately represented the changes in the life of Eastern Armenia after it joined Russia. Had the novel “Khachatur Abovyan” been completed, it would have greatly enriched the modern Armenian literary heritage and would have been considered a masterpiece created by Aksel Bakunts.
SELF-DEFENSE IN 1904 ON THE PAGES OF THE MAGAZINE “DROSHAK”
Authors: HOVSEPYAN KARINE 
Published: June 2024

The self-defense of Sassoon in 1904 occupies a unique place in the Western Armenian national-liberation struggle.
This is one of the unique episodes of the liberation struggle, when the struggle had united, both to all the Hayduks and to the national parties: Hnchakyan, Dashnaktsutyun, despite their obvious differences. The struggle is presented in the article according to "Droshak", which reflected the events of those years with the greatest accuracy, because his information was supplemented by the direct participants of that struggle and with letters from leading figures, which were written in the mess of events under new impressions. This fact has great importance, as the memoirs of the liberation figures were written years after the events and many details are left out . “Droshak"comes to fill that gap.
In article is discussed the well-prepared siege of Sassoon by the Turkish government, which presented for many years as a revolt, rather than self-defense. Besides the Turkish government, that point of view was also advanced by the tsarist authorities. However, the fact that rebellions took place in Sassoon in 1894 and 1904 is a falsification of historical events and the birthplace of that falsehood was ottoman court Yltzn. The purpose of the forgery Sassoon's responsibility for the epic events put on the Armenians (Poghosyan S. 1989).
The Role of Midwives on Mother's Mental Health in the First 1000 Days of Life
Authors: Aulia Dinda , Jayanti Ratna Dwi , Pasca Wardhana Manggala , Farida Sembiring Ella , Djaguna Nurafmi , Fitriana Farida , Azizah Nurul 
Published: June 2024

The first 1000 days of life is a transitional period from conception to two years after giving birth, a time when a woman experiences changes in roles and responsibilities. This period is a vulnerable time for women to experience mental health problems such as stress and anxiety which also increase the risk of depression. To assess non-pharmacology interventions that can prevent or reduce maternal mental health problems in the first 1000 days, especially that the midwife can provide. Design: A literature review of systematic review Data sources: PubMed, Science Direct, Epistemonikos, and website searching. Methods: literature searching used advanced search with the Boolean operator, truncation, and MeSH terms. The criteria included articles published in 2021, the use of Bahasa and English, open access, describing mental health issues (stress, anxiety, depression) in the first 1000 days, and giving information about the non-pharmacology intervention that a midwife can provide. The flow of literature searching used the PRISMA diagram and assessed with the Critical Appraisal Skills Program checklist. Findings: 235 articles were obtained and four studies were included in this review that discusses maternal mental health with different periods and variations of intervention. To inform sources of maternal mental health problems, the effect on mother and child, the effect of an intervention, and the role of a midwife. Conclusion: all of the interventions have a different effect in each period of the first 1000 days, but are still helpful for the mother. Cognitive Â Â Behavioral Therapy has a dominant effect to prevent or reduce maternal mental health problems. Midwives can provide intervention by enhancing their knowledge and skill, also needs support from the organization profession. This intervention needs to integrate into routine maternal care to give optimum results.
Wells and Women
Authors: Ternes Brock , Lohr Hannah 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The feminization of environmental responsibility holds that women more actively engage in pro-environmental behaviors compared to men. We highlight the gendered patterns of water conservation in a drought-prone region above the High Plains aquifer (HPA). Using qualitative and quantitative data from well owners and non-well owners across Kansas (n = 864), we investigate how gender moderates the relationship between several demographic variables and watering practices. Our multigroup regression results suggest that, among men, being a well owner, politically conservative, and living above the HPA are negatively associated with drought-time water conservation. Qualitatively, women in our study point out the gendered nature of water conservation, while men did not; moreover, we find evidence that male-dominated irrigation reinforces unsustainable groundwater extractions.
A photoswitchable bichromophoric oxazine with fast switching speeds and excellent fatigue resistance
Authors: Deniz Erhan , Impellizzeri Stefania , Sortino Salvatore , Raymo Françisco M. 
Published: June 2024

<p>In search of strategies to regulate the photochemical and photophysical properties of photochromic oxazines, we designed a multichromophoric compound incorporating 3<em>H</em>-indole, benzooxazine, and 2-(4-dimethylaminophenyl)ethynyl fragments. We synthesized this molecule in two steps in an overall yield of 51%, starting from commercial precursors. The ultraviolet irradiation of this photochrome opens a [1,3]oxazine ring in less than 6 ns to generate a zwitterionic isomer with a quantum yield of 0.10. In particular, the photoinduced ring opening generates a 4-nitrophenolate anion and a 3<em>H</em>-indolium cation. Additionally, this process brings the 2-(4-dimethylaminophenyl)ethynyl appendage into conjugation with the 3<em>H</em>-indolium cation. As a result, two distinct bands for the anionic and cationic fragments of the photogenerated zwitterion appear in the visible region of the absorption spectrum. The photogenerated isomer has a lifetime of 2 µs and switches back to the original form with first-order kinetics. Furthermore, this bichromophoric photochrome tolerates hundreds of switching cycles with no sign of degradation and can be operated within rigid polymer matrices. Thus, this particular structural design can lead to the development of a new family of bichromophoric photochromes and photoresponsive materials with microsecond switching times and excellent fatigue resistances.</p>