bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Designing experiential learning activities with generative artificial intelligence tools for authentic assessment
Authors: Salinas-Navarro David Ernesto , Vilalta-Perdomo Eliseo , Michel-Villarreal Rosario , Montesinos Luis 
Published: May 2024

Purpose
This article investigates the application of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) in experiential learning for authentic assessment in higher education. Recognized for its human-like content generation, GenAI has garnered widespread interest, raising concerns regarding its reliability, ethical considerations and overall impact. The purpose of this study is to explore the transformative capabilities and limitations of GenAI for experiential learning.

Design/methodology/approach
The study uses “thing ethnography” and “incremental prompting” to delve into the perspectives of ChatGPT 3.5, a prominent GenAI model. Through semi-structured interviews, the research prompts ChatGPT 3.5 on critical aspects such as conceptual clarity, integration of GenAI in educational settings and practical applications within the context of authentic assessment. The design examines GenAI’s potential contributions to reflective thinking, hands-on learning and genuine assessments, emphasizing the importance of responsible use.

Findings
The findings underscore GenAI’s potential to enhance experiential learning in higher education. Specifically, the research highlights GenAI’s capacity to contribute to reflective thinking, hands-on learning experiences and the facilitation of genuine assessments. Notably, the study emphasizes the significance of responsible use in harnessing the capabilities of GenAI for educational purposes.

Originality/value
This research showcases the application of GenAI in operations management education, specifically within lean health care. The study offers insights into its capabilities by exploring the practical implications of GenAI in a specific educational domain through thing ethnography and incremental prompting. Additionally, the article proposes future research directions, contributing to the originality of the work and opening avenues for further exploration in the integration of GenAI in education.
The association between institutional setting, cultural intelligence and social interaction in a divided society: a study among students
Authors: Idilbi Nasra , Arieli Daniella , Satran Carmit , Ali Saleh Ola , Halperin Ofra 
Published: May 2024

Purpose
This study aims to explore the perception of students from conflicted groups studying nursing together regarding the intergroup encounter. Specifically, this study focused on Jewish and Arab students in a nursing undergraduate program at an Israeli college. This study focused on the association between two factors [students’ cultural intelligence (CQ) level and their satisfaction with the support provided by the college] and the degree of closeness or social interaction Arab and Jewish students experience.

Design/methodology/approach
Accordingly, 362 students completed three anonymous questionnaires during December 2022, focused on (1) CQ (2) satisfaction with the academic setting and (3) experience of intergroup social interaction.

Findings
The results revealed that (1) Arab students (minority group) demonstrated higher CQ than Jewish students, especially regarding awareness of cultural differences and motivation for intercultural encounters. (2) Arab students experienced the intergroup encounter with Jewish students as closer and warmer than Jewish students did. (3) Despite being a minority group in Israel, Arab students’ satisfaction with the college’s support was higher than that of Jewish students. (4) Satisfaction with the support provided by the college was the main factor associated with the sense of social interaction, having a higher correlation with it than the degree of CQ.

Originality/value
Fostering CQ through curricula alone is insufficient in shaping intergroup experiences of students studying together in a divided society. To encourage social interaction between students in academia in divided societies, educational institutions need to ensure their students’ sense of support is high.
KL-SG High-Speed Rail – a catalyst for national economic development
Authors: Permalu Sri Viknesh , Nagarajoo Karthigesu 
Published: May 2024

PurposeIn an increasingly interconnected world, transportation infrastructure has emerged as a critical determinant of economic growth and global competitiveness. High-speed rail (HSR), characterized by its exceptional speed and efficiency, has garnered widespread attention as a transformative mode of transportation that transcends borders and fosters economic development. The Kuala Lumpur – Singapore (KL-SG) HSR project stands as a prominent exemplar of this paradigm, symbolizing the potential of HSR to serve as a catalyst for national economic advancement.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is prepared to provide an insight into the benefits and advantages of HSR based on proven case studies and references from global HSRs, including China, Spain, France and Japan.FindingsThe findings that have been obtained focus on enhanced connectivity and accessibility, attracting foreign direct investment, revitalizing regional economies, urban development and city regeneration, boosting tourism and cultural exchange, human capital development, regional integration and environmental and sustainability benefits.Originality/valueThe KL-SG HSR, linking Kuala Lumpur and Singapore, epitomizes the potential for HSR to be a transformative agent in the realm of economic development. This project encapsulates the aspirations of two dynamic Southeast Asian economies, united in their pursuit of sustainable growth, enhanced connectivity and global competitiveness. By scrutinizing the KL-SG High-Speed Rail through the lens of economic benchmarking, a deeper understanding emerges of how such projects can drive progress in areas such as cross-border trade, tourism, urban development and technological innovation.
Gendered processes of recruitment to elite higher educational institutions in mid‐twentieth century Britain
Authors: Worth Eve , Muggleton Naomi , Reeves Aaron 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis article uses rare and detailed data on matriculants to the University of Oxford during the middle decades of the twentieth century as a prism through which to consider gendered processes of recruitment to elite institutions. The article makes four key claims. First, the broader shifts in middle‐class women's labour market participation in the mid‐century are reflected in patterns of maternal occupation among matriculants, shifting from being predominantly housewives to professionals across the period. Related to this, the fathers of matriculants had similar professions whether their child was male or female, but mothers’ professions varied much more between male and female students. There was much more variation between mothers and fathers of students who attended what we term ‘elite’ schools. Finally, across the mid‐twentieth century, the number of male students from elite schools declined significantly, whereas the number of women students who had attended an ‘elite’ school was much steadier. Given the centrality of Oxford for processes of elite recruitment, these trends in their matriculants will have far wider implications for who gets access to elite positions in the decades after these shifts were occurring, revealing in some ways the continuity of class privilege and the increasingly salient role of mother's occupation in processes of elite reproduction.
The spatial pattern and association network of green finance development: Empirical evidence from China
Authors: Jiang Tangyang , Xu Juanjuan , Yu Yang , Jahanger Atif , Balsalobre‐Lorente Daniel 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGreen finance is a market‐driven approach to achieve the “double carbon” goal. However, the existing research predominantly focuses on the connotations and empowerment aspects of green finance. Notable regional disparities exist in China's financial markets and resource endowments, resulting in uneven levels of green finance development among various areas, significantly impeding the overall green transformation of the economy and society. In light of this, our paper explores the spatial patterns and association network of green finance development in China. The research findings indicate that: (1) The development of green finance in China exhibits an “east high, west low” spatial distribution pattern, with significant spatial clustering observed among neighboring provinces. The eastern region displays a “H‐H” clustering, while the western region shows an “L‐L” clustering. (2) The spatial correlation distribution of provincial green finance in China demonstrates an eastward concentration and westward dispersion trend, with strong correlation areas gradually expanding. Notably, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai, and the Beijing‐Tianjin‐Hebei urban agglomerations lead nationally in attractiveness. (3) The external radiation capability of provincial green finance is progressively improving, with provinces such as Beijing, Hebei, Hubei, and Sichuan likely to occupy strategic structural positions, possessing greater development advantages. This study not only expands the theoretical scope of existing green finance research but also provides a practical reference for coordinating and achieving the high‐quality development of regional green finance from a practical perspective.
Bumblebees attend to both the properties of the string and the target in string‐pulling tasks, but prioritize the features of the string
Authors: Zhou Dongbo , Dong Shunping , Ge Jin , Chittka Lars , Wang Cai , Wen Chao , Wen Junbao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPrevious studies have demonstrated that associative learning and experience play important roles in the string‐pulling of bumblebees (Bombus terrestris). However, the features of the target (artificial flower with sugar reward) and the string that bees learn in such tasks remain unknown. This study aimed to explore the specific aspects of the string‐flower arrangement that bumblebees learn and how they prioritize these features. We show that bumblebees trained with string‐pulling are sensitive to the flower stimuli; they exhibit a preference for pulling strings connected to flowers over strings that are not attached to a target. Additionally, they chose to pull strings attached to flowers of the same color and shape as experienced during training. The string feature also plays a crucial role for bumblebees when the flower features are identical. Furthermore, bees prioritized the features of the strings rather than the flowers when both cues were in conflict. Our results show that bumblebees solve string‐pulling tasks by acquiring knowledge about the characteristics of both targets and strings, and contribute to a deeper understanding of the cognitive processes employed by bees when tackling non‐natural skills.
Chromosome‐level genome assembly of Pedicularis kansuensis illuminates genome evolution of facultative parasitic plant
Authors: Fang Longfa , Li Mingyu , Zhang Jia , Jia Chenglin , Qiang Yuqing , He Xiaojuan , Liu Tao , Zhou Qiang , Luo Dong , Han Yuling , Li Zhen , Liu Wenxian , Yang Yongzhi , Liu Jianquan , Liu Zhipeng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractParasitic plants have a heterotrophic lifestyle, in which they withdraw all or part of their nutrients from their host through the haustorium. Despite the release of many draft genomes of parasitic plants, the genome evolution related to the parasitism feature of facultative parasites remains largely unknown. In this study, we present a high‐quality chromosomal‐level genome assembly for the facultative parasite Pedicularis kansuensis (Orobanchaceae), which invades both legume and grass host species in degraded grasslands on the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau. This species has the largest genome size compared with other parasitic species, and expansions of long terminal repeat retrotransposons accounting for 62.37% of the assembly greatly contributed to the genome size expansion of this species. A total of 42,782 genes were annotated, and the patterns of gene loss in P. kansuensis differed from other parasitic species. We also found many mobile mRNAs between P. kansuensis and one of its host species, but these mobile mRNAs could not compensate for the functional losses of missing genes in P. kansuensis. In addition, we identified nine horizontal gene transfer (HGT) events from rosids and monocots, as well as one single‐gene duplication events from HGT genes, which differ distinctly from that of other parasitic species. Furthermore, we found evidence for HGT through transferring genomic fragments from phylogenetically remote host species. Taken together, these findings provide genomic insights into the evolution of facultative parasites and broaden our understanding of the diversified genome evolution in parasitic plants and the molecular mechanisms of plant parasitism.
Review article: Evaluation and care of the critically ill patient with cirrhosis
Authors: Kosuta Iva , Premkumar Madhumita , Reddy K. Rajender 
Published: May 2024

SummaryBackgroundThe increase in prevalence of liver disease globally will lead to a substantial incremental burden on intensive care requirements. While liver transplantation offers a potential life‐saving intervention, not all patients are eligible due to limitations such as organ availability, resource constraints, ongoing sepsis or multiple organ failures. Consequently, the focus of critical care of patients with advanced and decompensated cirrhosis turns to liver‐centric intensive care protocols, to mitigate the high mortality in such patients.AimProvide an updated and comprehensive understanding of cirrhosis management in critical care, and which includes emergency care, secondary organ failure management (mechanical ventilation, renal replacement therapy, haemodynamic support and intensive care nutrition), use of innovative liver support systems, infection control, liver transplantation and palliative and end‐of life care.MethodsWe conducted a structured bibliographic search on PubMed, sourcing articles published up to 31 March 2024, to cover topics addressed. We considered data from observational studies, recommendations of society guidelines, systematic reviews, and meta‐analyses, randomised controlled trials, and incorporated our clinical expertise in liver critical care.ResultsCritical care management of the patient with cirrhosis has evolved over time while mortality remains high despite aggressive management with liver transplantation serving as a crucial but not universally available resource.ConclusionsImplementation of organ support therapies, intensive care protocols, nutrition, palliative care and end‐of‐life discussions and decisions are an integral part of critical care of the patient with cirrhosis. A multi‐disciplinary approach towards critical care management is likely to yield better outcomes.
Updates in characteristics and survival rates of cirrhosis in a nationwide cohort of real‐world U.S. patients, 2003–2021
Authors: Tran Sally , Zou Biyao , Lee KeeSeok , Kam Leslie , Yeo YeeHui , Henry Linda , Cheung Ramsey , Nguyen Mindie H. 
Published: May 2024

SummaryBackgroundAdverse outcomes of cirrhosis remain a top priority.AimsWe examined the distribution of cirrhosis causes, HCC incidence and mortality and related changes over time in a nationwide U.S. cohort.MethodsA retrospective study of a national sample of commercially insured patients with cirrhosis from Optum's de‐identified Clinformatics® Data Mart Database (CDM).ResultsA total of 628,743 cirrhosis cases were identified with 45% having NAFLD, 19.5% HCV, and 16.3% ALD. African Americans had the highest rate of decompensation (60.6%), while Asians had the highest rate of HCC (2.4%), both p < 0.001. African Americans more frequently had HCV (28.4%) while Hispanic/Latinos more frequently had NAFLD (49.2%, p < 0.001). Patients in the 2014–2021 cohort were significantly older (63.0 ± 12.8 vs. 57.0 ± 14.3), less frequently decompensated (54.5% vs. 58.3%) but more frequently had HCC (1.7% vs. 0.6%) and NAFLD (46.5% vs. 44.2%), all p < 0.001. The overall annual incidence of HCC was 0.76% (95% CI: 0.75–0.77) with a 5‐year cumulative incidence of 4.03% (95% CI: 3.98–4.09), with significant variation by sex, race/ethnicity, and cirrhosis aetiology. The overall median years of survival were 11.4 (95% CI: 11.3–11.5) with a 5‐year cumulative survival of 73.4% (95% CI: 73.3%–73.6%), also with significant disparities in similar subgroups (lowest in cryptogenic cirrhosis and worse in 2014–2021 vs. 2003–2013). The 2014–2021 period was independently associated with worse survival (aHR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.08–1.20).ConclusionsHCC incidence and survival vary by aetiology among patients with cirrhosis, with cryptogenic cirrhosis having the lowest survival and lower survival in the more recent time period.
Impacts of tumor microenvironment during neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Sugawara Kotaro , Fukuda Takashi , Murakami Chiaki , Oka Daiji , Yoshii Takako , Amori Gulanbar , Ishibashi Kumiko , Kobayashi Yasuhito , Hara Hiroki , Kanda Hiroaki , Motoi Noriko 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWith the advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), a better understanding of tumor microenvironment (TME) is becoming crucial in managing esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients. We investigated the survival impact of TME status and changes in patients with ESCC who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by surgery (n = 264). We examined immunohistochemical status (CD4+, CD8+, CD20+, Foxp3+, HLA class‐1+, CD204+, and programmed death ligand‐1 [PD‐L1+]) on 264 pre‐NAC and 204 paired post‐NAC specimens. Patients were classified by their pre‐ and post‐NAC immune cell status and their changes following NAC. Our findings showed that pre‐NAC TME status was not significantly associated with survival outcomes. In contrast, post‐NAC TME status, such as low level of T cells, CD4+ T cells, and high PD‐L1 combined positive score (CPS), were significantly associated with poor overall survival (OS). Notably, TME changes through NAC exerted significant survival impacts; patients with consistently low levels of T cells, low levels of CD4+ T cells, or high levels of PD‐L1 (CPS) had very poor OS (3‐year OS: 35.5%, 40.2%, and 33.3%, respectively). Tumor microenvironment changes of consistently low T cells, low CD4+ T cells, and high PD‐L1 were independent predictors of poor OS in multivariate Cox hazards analyses, while factors indicating post‐NAC status (T cells, CD4+, and PD‐L1 [CPS]) alone were not. Therefore, we suggest that the consistently low T/high PD‐L1 group could benefit from additional therapies, such as ICIs, and the importance of stratification by the TME, which has recently been recognized.
Clinical outcomes associated with neoadjuvant therapy for the treatment of resectable non‐small cell lung cancer in real‐world practice
Authors: Huang Xiaojie , Pang Guanchao , Mao Zhirong , Li Baizhou , Teng Zhihua , Yang Yan , Qiu Zijian , Chen Xiuxiu , Wang Pingli 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn order to improve survival outcomes in resectable non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), strategies for neoadjuvant therapy need to be revisited. We evaluated and compared the efficacy of different neoadjuvant therapeutic modalities in a real‐world setting.MethodsA total of 258 patients with clinical stage IIA to IIIB NSCLC was included. All the patients underwent surgical resection after one to four cycles of neoadjuvant treatment consisting of chemotherapy (83), immunotherapy (23), and immunotherapy plus chemotherapy (152).ResultsThe radiologic response rate in the combined immunochemotherapy group was 67.8%, higher than that of 48.2% in the chemotherapy group and 4.3% in the immunotherapy group (p < 0.001). An improved major pathological response (MPR) was also achieved in the combined therapy group compared with the chemotherapy group and the immunotherapy group (53.9% vs. 10.8% vs. 8.7%, p < 0.001). Patients in the combined therapy group had a significant trend toward longer disease‐free survival than those in the chemotherapy alone group (3‐year disease‐free survival [DFS] of 68.79% vs. 50.81%; hazard ratio [HR] for progression or death, 0.477; p = 0.003). Multivariate Cox analysis identified radical surgery (HR, 0.328; p = 0.033), ypN0–1 stage (HR, 0.591; p = 0.038) and MPR result (HR, 0.362; p = 0.007) to be independent prognostic factors for DFS.ConclusionsNeoadjuvant treatment with a combination of immunotherapy plus chemotherapy appears to achieve higher radiological and pathological responses than monotherapy for IIA‐IIIB NSCLC. Log‐rank analysis showed that a better outcome could be expected in patients with the addition of immunotherapy to neoadjuvant chemotherapy if compared with patients with chemotherapy alone in terms of DFS.
Your feelings are reasonable: Emotional validation promotes persistence among preschoolers
Authors: Jeon Jeewon , Park Daeun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPersistence is a critical factor that significantly predicts life outcomes. Although individual differences in persistence emerge early in life, the knowledge of effective strategies for cultivating persistence in young children remains limited. Based on these two studies, we suggest that emotional validation, defined as the acceptance of emotions without judgment, is a beneficial technique for promoting persistence in the wake of frustration. Study 1 examined 150 parents of children aged 4–6 years and found that parents’ tendency to validate their children's emotions was positively associated with children's trait persistence. We conducted a randomized experiment (N = 93, aged 4–6 years) in Study 2 to establish a causal relationship between emotional validation and persistence in preschoolers. Children who received emotional validation feedback (n = 31) exhibited higher levels of persistence than those who received emotional invalidation (n = 31) and no feedback (baseline, n = 31) on a frustrating task. The persistence between the emotional invalidation and no‐feedback conditions was not statistically different. This finding highlights the vital role of emotional validation in promoting persistence in children at trait and state levels. In summary, this study offers a compelling strategy for empowering young children with resilience and determination when they encounter challenges.Research Highlights
Parental emotional validation predicts the trait‐level persistence of children aged 4−6 years.
Children who received emotion‐validation feedback persisted longer on a task than those who received emotion‐invalidation feedback or no feedback.
Children in the emotion invalidation condition did not differ from those in the no‐feedback condition in terms of persistence.
Future studies are required to investigate the mechanisms underlying emotional validation in promoting task persistence in children.