bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transactivation of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Gene by Kruppel-like Factor 6 Regulates Apoptosis during Influenza A Virus Infection
Authors: Mgbemena Victoria , Segovia Jesus A. , Chang Te-Hung , Tsai Su-Yu , Cole Garry T. , Hung Chiung-Yu , Bose Santanu 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Influenza A virus (flu) is a respiratory tract pathogen causing high morbidity and mortality among the human population. NO is a cellular mediator involved in tissue damage through its apoptosis of target cells and resulting enhancement of local inflammation. Inducible NO synthase (iNOS) is involved in the production of NO following infection. Although NO is a key player in the development of exaggerated lung disease during flu infection, the underlying mechanism, including the role of NO in apoptosis during infection, has not been reported. Similarly, the mechanism of iNOS gene induction during flu infection is not well defined in terms of the host transactivator(s) required for iNOS gene expression. In the current study, we identified Kruppel-like factor 6 (KLF6) as a critical transcription factor essential for iNOS gene expression during flu infection. We also underscored the requirement for iNOS in inducing apoptosis during infection. KLF6 gene silencing in human lung epithelial cells resulted in the drastic loss of NO production, iNOS promoter-specific luciferase activity, and expression of iNOS mRNA following flu infection. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay revealed a direct interaction of KLF6 with iNOS promoter during in vitro and in vivo flu infection of human lung cells and mouse respiratory tract, respectively. A significant reduction in flu-mediated apoptosis was noted in KLF6-silenced cells, cells treated with iNOS inhibitor, and primary murine macrophages derived from iNOS knockout mice. A similar reduction in apoptosis was noted in the lungs following intratracheal flu infection of iNOS knockout mice.
Cutting Edge: Impaired MHC Class I Expression in Mice Deficient for Nlrc5/Class I Transactivator
Authors: Biswas Amlan , Meissner Torsten B. , Kawai Taro , Kobayashi Koichi S. 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
MHC class I and class II are crucial for the adaptive immune system. Although regulation of MHC class II expression by CIITA has long been recognized, the mechanism of MHC class I transactivation has been largely unknown until the recent discovery of NLRC5/class I transactivator. In this study, we show using Nlrc5-deficient mice that NLRC5 is required for both constitutive and inducible MHC class I expression. Loss of Nlrc5 resulted in severe reduction in the expression of MHC class I and related genes such as β2-microglobulin, Tap1, or Lmp2, but did not affect MHC class II levels. IFN-γ stimulation could not overcome the impaired MHC class I expression in Nlrc5-deficient cells. Upon infection with Listeria monocyogenes, Nlrc5-deficient mice displayed impaired CD8+ T cell activation, accompanied with increased bacterial loads. These findings illustrate critical roles of NLRC5/class I transactivator in MHC class I gene regulation and host defense by CD8+ T cell responses.
One‐Step Synthesis of Strained Bicyclic Carboxylic and Boronic Amino Esters via Ruthenium‐Catalysed Tandem Carbene Addition/Cyclopropanation of Enynes
Authors: Bray Chloé Vovard‐Le , Klein Hubert , Dixneuf Pierre H. , Macé Aurélie , Berrée Fabienne , Carboni Bertrand , Dérien Sylvie 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe reaction of 1,6‐ and 1,7‐enynes, derived from carboxylic and boronic amino acids, with diazo compounds in the presence of the (cyclooctadiene)(pentamethylcyclopentadiene)ruthenium chloride complex [RuCl(cod)(C5Me5)] catalyst leads to the formation of strained bicyclic proline or homoproline derivatives in good yields. This catalytic transformation proceeds under mild conditions, in one step from easily accessible enynes and was applied to various protecting groups. High stereoselectivities for the created alkenyl chain and excellent diastereoselectivities for proline derivatives were obtained.
Safety concerns regarding binge drinking in pregnancy: A review
Authors: Conover Elizabeth Ann , Jones Kenneth Lyons 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBACKGROUNDThere is ongoing debate about the risks to the fetus associated with maternal binge drinking. This makes it difficult to counsel patients about the potential risks associated with their use of alcohol during pregnancy.METHODSThis article reviews the literature on animal and human studies regarding binge drinking (four to five drinks at one time in humans, or the equivalent in laboratory animals).RESULTSAnimal studies provide evidence that high doses of alcohol over a short period of time can be more damaging than lower doses over a long period of time. Human data are more inconsistent, especially in terms of the association with malformations. Although neurobehavioral effects are the most commonly reported adverse outcome, some studies do not find such an association. Conclusions are confounded by the design of many studies, which fail to document pattern and total amount of alcohol consumption at one time. In addition, it has been suggested there is a bias against the null effect in publications.CONCLUSIONAlthough the evidence in humans is not conclusive, the incidence of binge exposures in pregnancy is high, and it appears prudent to counsel patients to avoid this exposure whenever possible. Women inadvertently exposed to a single binge episode of alcohol early in the first trimester before pregnancy recognition can be reassured that the risks for adverse effects in their baby are likely low if they are able to discontinue use for the duration of the pregnancy. Unfortunately, there may be some residual fetal risk. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 94:570–575, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A novel fluorescent assay for oxytetracycline hydrochloride based on fluorescence quenching of water‐soluble CdTe nanocrystals
Authors: Gao Chao , Liu Zhen , Chen Jianqiu , Yan Zhengyu 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTA novel assay for oxytetracycline hydrochloride (OTC) based on fluorescence quenching was developed from the interaction between functionalized cadmium telluride quantum dots (CdTe QDs) and OTC. Optimum conditions for the detection of OTC were found after investigating all factors. Under optimum conditions, luminescence of CdTe nanocrystals (λex = 365 nm, λem = 562 nm) was quenched by OTC in a concentration‐dependent manner best described by a modified Stern‐Volmer type equation. Good linearity was obtained with a regression coefficient of 0.9999 in the range of 1.34 ~ 13.4 x 10‐5 mol/L and a limit of detection of 3.08 x 10‐7 mol/L. In addition, the quenching mechanism was also established. The results imply that the close proximity of OTC‐CdTe was driven by electrostatic attraction and the resulting effective electron transfer from OTC to QDs could be responsible for fluorescence quenching of CdTe‐QDs. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Introduction
Authors: Weaver Melissa 
Published: June 2012

AbstractEditor's SummaryNew Orleans was the site of the 3rd ASIS&T Summit on Research Data Access & Preservation (RDAP), held March 22–23, 2012. This Bulletin features articles reflecting the major themes of the summit, including challenges and opportunities for future RDAP efforts. Data citation is highlighted as a critical aspect of RDAP. The RDAP12 website describes the program and additional resources, and presentation slides and some poster material are available on SlideShare. Plans are underway for RDAP13, to be held in Baltimore, Maryland, in April 2013. A community planning email listserv is open to all.
Session summary: The RDAP12 panel on training data management practitioners
Authors: Hu Xiao 
Published: June 2012

AbstractEditor's SummaryAttendees at the ASIS&T Research Data Access and Preservation (RDAP) Summit, held in March 2012, discussed education and training for data managers and considered data literacy as a critical skill comparable to information and digital literacy. George Mason University, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute and the School of Information Studies at Syracuse University in collaboration with the Cornell University Library are leading the way in programs offering degrees and certificates on data science research and education. Most educational materials are available online. There was agreement on the need for expanding the numbers of skilled data management practitioners and addressing data manager training in grants for heavily data‐driven projects, though the balance between theory and practice prompted diverging opinions.
Session summary: The RDAP12 data citation panel practitioners
Authors: Mayernik Matthew S. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractEditor's SummaryThe data citation panel of the March 2012 Research Data Access and Preservation (RDAP) Summit targeted an issue that has eluded agreement. The practice of data citation has ranged from general acknowledgements to citing papers describing data to specifically citing the original data. A task group on data citation standards and practices, under the aegis of the International Council for Science, organized a workshop and report and will deliver the results of a survey on current practices. The group's forthcoming white paper will examine emerging proposals for standardization and best practices, tools and infrastructure to support data citation, challenges and opportunities. While panelists and attendees acknowledged the difficulty of standardization at an international level, the emergence of DataCite and ORCID for citing data and authors, respectively, are positive signs.
Taxonomies, biology and baseball: The need for fieldwork
Authors: Ven Eman Jay 
Published: June 2012

AbstractEditor's SummaryBetween baseball and biology, a surprising point of conjunction is taxonomy. A baseball afficionado's proposed three categories for players in spring training could serve as a start for an expanded classification generalizable to all sports. At the same time, a biologist laments what seems to be the abandonment of biological taxonomic classification field studies for pure lab work. The common point is the value of taxonomies for facilitating understanding of the field, whether biology or baseball, from a broad perspective and on a detailed level. Taxonomies define a conceptual space, clarify groupings and identify relationships between concepts, and can help reveal trends and prompt insights for a domain.
Recommendations for the Production of Silicon Carbide‐derived Carbon Based on Intrinsic Kinetic Data
Authors: Knorr T. , Strobl F. , Glenk F. , Etzold B. J. M. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractRecommendations for mode of operation and critical dimensions regarding inner mass transfer limitation were deduced for the technical extraction of silicon from silicon carbide to produce nanoporous carbon (carbide‐derived carbon, CDC). The recommendations are based on intrinsic kinetics derived from experimental data and reaction engineering simulation of the transient process (shrinking‐core like mechanism). As the reaction takes place at 1000 °C under chlorine atmosphere, kinetic data as well as diffusion coefficients are extracted from integral conversion data in a lab scale reactor. The reaction rate dependency for varying chlorine concentrations is represented best by a Hougen‐Watson type rate approach with dissociative adsorption of a reactant. From the experimental data the effective diffusion coefficient of chlorine in the resulting nanoporous carbon could also be derived to 4 · 10–8 m2s–1 at 1000 °C.
Gel Sculpture: Moldable, Load‐Bearing and Self‐Healing Non‐Polymeric Supramolecular Gel Derived from a Simple Organic Salt
Authors: Sahoo Pathik , Sankolli Ravish , Lee Hee‐Young , Raghavan Srinivasa R. , Dastidar Parthasarathi 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAn easy access to a library of simple organic salts derived from tert‐butoxycarbonyl (Boc)‐protected L‐amino acids and two secondary amines (dicyclohexyl‐ and dibenzyl amine) are synthesized following a supramolecular synthon rationale to generate a new series of low molecular weight gelators (LMWGs). Out of the 12 salts that we prepared, the nitrobenzene gel of dicyclohexylammonium Boc‐glycinate (GLY.1) displayed remarkable load‐bearing, moldable and self‐healing properties. These remarkable properties displayed by GLY.1 and the inability to display such properties by its dibenzylammonium counterpart (GLY.2) were explained using microscopic and rheological data. Single crystal structures of eight salts displayed the presence of a 1D hydrogen‐bonded network (HBN) that is believed to be important in gelation. Powder X‐ray diffraction in combination with the single crystal X‐ray structure of GLY.1 clearly established the presence of a 1D hydrogen‐bonded network in the xerogel of the nitrobenzene gel of GLY.1. The fact that such remarkable properties arising from an easily accessible (salt formation) small molecule are due to supramolecular (non‐covalent) interactions is quite intriguing and such easily synthesizable materials may be useful in stress‐bearing and other applications.
The Effects of Ultrasound and Light on Indocyanine‐Green‐Treated Tumour Cells and Tissues
Authors: Nomikou Nikolitsa , Sterrett Christine , Arthur Ciara , McCaughan Bridgeen , Callan John F. , McHale Anthony P. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is emerging as a treatment modality for the management of neoplastic disease. Despite considerable clinical success, its application for the treatment of deep‐seated lesions is constrained by the inability of visible light to penetrate deeply into tissues. An emerging alternative approach exploits the fact that many photosensitisers respond to ultrasound, eliciting cytotoxic effects on target cells and tissues; this has become known as sonodynamic therapy (SDT). The objectives of this study were 1) to determine whether the IR‐absorbing dye, indocyanine green (ICG), can be employed as a sonosensitiser and 2) to determine whether ultrasound can be used to enhance ICG‐mediated PDT. Exposing ICG‐treated mouse fibrosarcoma cells to ultrasound at an energy density of 30 J cm−2 decreased cell viability by 65 %. Prior exposure of ICG‐treated cells to light (λ 830 nm) and subsequent treatment with ultrasound led to a 90 % decrease in cell viability. In combination treatments a synergistic effect was observed at lower doses of ultrasound. Microscopic examination of cell populations treated with light or ultrasound demonstrated the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Using a mouse tumour model, treatment with light, ultrasound, or a combination thereof led to respective decreases in tumour growth of 42, 67, and 98 % at day 27 post‐treatment. These results could provide a means of circumventing light‐penetration issues that currently challenge the widespread use of PDT in the treatment of cancer.
Population structure and demographic history of a tropical lowland rainforest tree species Shorea parvifolia (Dipterocarpaceae) from Southeastern Asia
Authors: Iwanaga Hiroko , Teshima Kosuke M. , Khatab Ismael A. , Inomata Nobuyuki , Finkeldey Reiner , Siregar Iskandar Z. , Siregar Ulfah J. , Szmidt Alfred E. 
Published: June 2012

Abstract Distribution of tropical rainforests in Southeastern Asia has changed over geo‐logical time scale, due to movement of tectonic plates and/or global climatic changes. Shorea parvifolia is one of the most common tropical lowland rainforest tree species in Southeastern Asia. To infer population structure and demographic history of S. parvifolia, as indicators of temporal changes in the distribution and extent of tropical rainforest in this region, we studied levels and patterns of nucleotide polymorphism in the following five nuclear gene regions: GapC, GBSSI, PgiC, SBE2, and SODH. Seven populations from peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, and eastern Borneo were included in the analyses. STRUCTURE analysis revealed that the investigated populations are divided into two groups: Sumatra‐Malay and Borneo. Furthermore, each group contained one admixed population. Under isolation with migration model, divergence of the two groups was estimated to occur between late Pliocene (2.6 MYA) and middle Pleistocene (0.7 MYA). The log‐likelihood ratio tests of several demographic models strongly supported model with population expansion and low level of migration after divergence of the Sumatra‐Malay and Borneo groups. The inferred demographic history of S. parvifolia suggested the presence of a scarcely forested land bridge on the Sunda Shelf during glacial periods in the Pleistocene and predominance of tropical lowland rainforest at least in Sumatra and eastern Borneo.
Equivalent circuit model for electric double layer capacitors and its applications
Authors: Yamashiro Susumu , Nakamura Koichi 
Published: June 2012

AbstractFor a better understanding and detailed analysis of the electric behavior of EDLCs, we present one dynamic equivalent circuit model and two static ones, each of which consists of a resistance and a capacitance varying with voltage. A dynamic model based on the differential capacity is used to simulate the discharging curves. Also, two static models based on the integral and the effective capacity are used to estimate the energy efficiency and constant current charging–discharging time. Owing to the same energy‐oriented approach as is used in defining the effective capacity, the static model based on this capacity shows its superiority in estimating the efficiency and capacitance over another static model based on the integral capacity. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 180(4): 29–37, 2012; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.21300
Topology for current balancer with half‐bridge inverters in single‐phase three‐wire distribution systems with DC‐capacitor‐voltage balancer
Authors: Baba Yusuke , Sugahara Kazuya , Okamoto Masayuki , Hiraki Eiji , Tanaka Toshihiko 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThis paper proposes a new topology for a current balancer with half‐bridge inverters in single‐phase three‐wire distribution systems. Two half‐bridge inverters are connected to the sources. The midpoint of the two capacitors on the DC‐side is connected to a neutral line. The two half‐bridge inverters function as a current balancer for single‐phase three‐wire distribution systems by exchanging the active and reactive power on each feeder through the two DC capacitors. The third leg functions as a DC‐capacitor‐voltage balancer for two DC capacitors connected to the half‐bridge inverters. Thus, balanced source voltages and currents are obtained on the secondary side on the pole‐ mounted distribution transformer with balanced DC‐capacitor voltages. The basic principle of the proposed current balancer is discussed in detail, and then confirmed by digital computer simulation using PSIM software. A prototype experimental model is constructed and tested. Experimental results show that balanced source voltages and currents are obtained on the secondary side on the pole‐mounted distribution transformer with balanced DC‐capacitor voltages. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 180(4): 38–46, 2012; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.22277
A polyphenol extract of tara pods (Caesalpinia spinosa) as a potential antioxidant in oils
Authors: Romero Nalda , Fernández Arturo , Robert Paz 
Published: June 2012

AbstractTara is a native species of Peru and is widely distributed in Latin America; its fruits (pods) have a high potential for medical, industrial and food uses. A supercritical tara polyphenol extract (STPE) was obtained from tara pods by supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) with CO2. The antioxidant activity of the STPE was studied in two oils, regular and high‐oleic sunflower oil (SO, HOSO), with and without their natural antioxidants. Under accelerated conditions of oxidation, a linear relationship was observed in antioxidant‐stripped oils between the polyphenol content of the STPE and the induction period.The antioxidant effect of STPE on the HOSO was studied at 60°C. The highest polyphenol concentration of STPE showed the greatest α‐tocopherol degradation and the lowest hydroperoxide formation, which implies that α‐tocopherol causes the regeneration of the polyphenols that protect the TAGs in HOSO.Tara pods combined with SFE method could be used as a source of antioxidants in oils.
Response of base‐isolated nuclear structures for design and beyond‐design basis earthquake shaking
Authors: Huang Yin‐Nan , Whittaker Andrew S. , Kennedy Robert P. , Mayes Ronald L. 
Published: June 2012

SUMMARYThe American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) 43‐05 presents two performance objectives for the design of nuclear structures, systems and components in nuclear facilities: (1) 1% probability of unacceptable performance for 100% design basis earthquake (DBE) shaking and (2) 10% probability of unacceptable performance for 150% DBE shaking. To aid in the revision of the ASCE 4‐98 procedures for the analysis and design of base‐isolated nuclear power plants and meet the intent of ASCE 43‐05, a series of nonlinear response‐history analyses was performed to study the impact of the variability in both earthquake ground motion and mechanical properties of isolation systems on the seismic responses of base‐isolated nuclear power plants. Computations were performed for three representative sites (rock and soil sites in the Central and Eastern United States and a rock site in the Western United States) and three types of isolators (lead rubber, Friction Pendulum and low‐damping rubber bearings) using realistic mechanical properties for the isolators. Estimates were made of (1) the ratio of the 99th percentile (90th percentile) response of isolation systems computed using a distribution of spectral demands and distributions of isolator mechanical properties to the median response of isolation systems computed using best‐estimate properties and 100% (150%) spectrum‐compatible DBE ground motions; (2) the number of sets of three‐component ground motions to be used for response‐history analysis to develop a reliable estimate of the median response of isolation systems. The results of this study provide the technical basis for the revision of ASCE Standard 4‐98. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Generation of precursor cell lines from preneoplastic fields surrounding head and neck cancers
Authors: van Zeeburg Hester J.T. , Graveland A. Peggy , Brink Arjen , Nguyen Melanie , Leemans C. René , Bloemena Elisabeth , Braakhuis Boudewijn J.M. , Brakenhoff Ruud H. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBackgroundHead and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) develops in the mucosal linings of the upper aerodigestive tract. HNSCC may develop in large preneoplastic fields, which are in most cases invisible, but can be detected microscopically and by genetic analysis.MethodsCells of mucosal tissue biopsies were cultured and genetically analyzed. Genetic changes in established preneoplastic cultures were compared to the corresponding tumor and surgical margins.ResultsOf 45 mucosal tissue biopsies taken from primary tumor resection specimen, 26 were successfully cultured and could be genetically analyzed. In 1 culture, genetic changes were found and an immortalized preneoplastic cell line was obtained with genetic changes that were also found in a surgical margin of the corresponding specimen.ConclusionOur data show that noninvasive fields surrounding HNSCC may consist of immortalized preneoplastic cell clones. Our preneoplastic cell line is a valuable tool to develop and test treatment strategies for precursor fields in patients with HNSCC. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2013