bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Infection of Human Epithelial Cells Induces CXCL9 Expression and CD4+ T Cell Migration via Activation of p38-CCAAT/Enhancer-Binding Protein-β Pathway
Authors: Huang Wenjie , Hu Kai , Luo Sukun , Zhang Mudan , Li Chang , Jin Wei , Liu Yalan , Griffin George E. , Shattock Robin J. , Hu Qinxue 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
Recruitment of CD4+ T cells to infection areas after HSV-2 infection may be one of the mechanisms that account for increased HIV-1 sexual transmission. Lymphocytes recruited by chemokine CXCL9 are known to be important in control of HSV-2 infection in mice, although the underlying mechanism remains to be addressed. Based on our observation that CXCL9 expression is augmented in the cervical mucus of HSV-2–positive women, in this study we demonstrate that HSV-2 infection directly induces CXCL9 expression in primary cervical epithelial cells and cell lines, the principal targets of HSV-2, at both mRNA and protein levels. Further studies reveal that the induction of CXCL9 expression by HSV-2 is dependent upon a binding site for C/EBP-β within CXCL9 promoter sequence. Furthermore, CXCL9 expression is promoted at the transcriptional level through phosphorylating C/EBP-β via p38 MAPK pathway, leading to binding of C/EBP-β to the CXCL9 promoter. Chemotaxis assays indicate that upregulation of CXCL9 expression at the protein level by HSV-2 infection enhances the migration of PBLs and CD4+ T cells, whereas neutralization of CXCL9 or inhibition of p38-C/EBP-β pathway can significantly decrease the migration. Our data together demonstrate that HSV-2 induces CXCL9 expression in human cervical epithelial cells by activation of p38-C/EBP-β pathway through promoting the binding of C/EBP-β to CXCL9 promoter, which may recruit activated CD4+ T cells to mucosal HSV-2 infection sites and potentially increase the risk of HIV-1 sexual transmission.
Threshold tracking transcranial magnetic stimulation and neurofilament light chain as diagnostic aids in ALS
Authors: Jacobsen Anna B. , Bostock Hugh , Howells James , Cengiz Bülent , Samusyte Gintaute , Koltzenburg Martin , Pia Hossein , Fuglsang‐Frederiksen Anders , Blicher Jakob , Obál Izabella , Andersen Henning , Tankisi Hatice 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveThere is a need for sensitive biomarkers in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), to enable earlier diagnosis and to help assess potential treatments. The main objective of this study was to compare two potential biomarkers, threshold‐tracking short‐interval cortical inhibition (T‐SICI), which has shown promise as a diagnostic aid, and neurofilament light chains (NfL).MethodsNinety‐seven patients with ALS (mean age 67.1 ± 11.5 years) and 53 ALS mimics (aged 62.4 ± 12.9) were included. Mean disease duration was 14 months ±14.1. Patients were evaluated with revised ALS functional rating score (ALSFRS‐R), Penn upper motor neuron score (UMNS), muscle strength using the Medical Research Council (MRC) score and examined with T‐SICI, quantitative electromyography (EMG), and NfL measured in spinal fluid.ResultsNfL increased with increasing UMNS (rho = 0.45, p = 8.2 × 10−6) whereas T‐SICI at 2.5 ms paradoxically increased toward normal values (rho = 0.53, p = 1.9 × 10−7). However, these two measures were uncorrelated. Discrimination between ALS patients and mimics was best for NfL (area under ROC curve 0.842, sensitivity 84.9%, specificity 83.5%), compared with T‐SICI (0.675, 39.6%, 91.8%). For the patients with no UMN signs, NfL also discriminated best (0.884, 89.3%, 82.6%), compared with T‐SICI (0.811, 71.4%, 82.6%). However, when combining NfL and T‐SICI, higher AUCs of 0.854 and 0.922 and specificities of 93.8 and 100 were found when considering all patients and patients with no UMN signs, respectively.InterpretationBoth T‐SICI and NfL correlated with UMN involvement and combined, they provided a strong discrimination between ALS patients and ALS mimics.
Piezocatalysts and Piezo‐Photocatalysts: From Material Design to Diverse Applications
Authors: Jia Pengwei , Li Jianming , Huang Hongwei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPiezocatalysis and piezo‐photocatalysis technology is a continuously developing catalytic technology based on the piezoelectric effect of catalysts, which breaks the barrier between mechanical and chemical energy. The piezoelectric polarization field formed by the mechanical deformation of piezoelectric materials is proven to effectively manipulate band structures, improve the separation of electron‐hole pairs and enhance the catalytic activity, thus alleviating energy crises and environmental issues. Herein, this review first introduces the technology of piezocatalysis and piezo‐photocatalysis, comprehensively summarizes the synthesis methods of piezo(photo)catalysis materials, and analyzes and discusses the measures to optimize the performance of piezo(photo)catalysts. The following systematically summarizes the characteristics and development of the current main piezo(photo)catalytic systems, and discusses the application of first principles calculations in piezo(photo)catalysis in combination with practical researches. Subsequently, the main application progress of piezo(photo)catalysis in environmental remediation, energy conversion, and biomedical therapy fields is presented. In the end, the current challenges, development direction, and future prospects are prospected.
Highly Horizontal Oriented Tricomponent Exciplex Host with Multiple Reverse Intersystem Crossing Channels for High‐Performance Narrowband Electroluminescence and Eye‐Protection White Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Liu Denghui , Yang Guo‐Xi , Chen Zijian , Xie Wentao , Li Deli , Li Wei , Lin Jianying , Nie Xuewei , Li Zhizhi , Liang Baoyan , Yang Zhihai , Wang Zhiheng , Pu Junrong , Sun Guanwei , Shen Chenyang , Li Mengke , Su Shi‐Jian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDespite multiple‐resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR‐TADF) emitters with small full‐width at half maximum are attractive for wide color‐gamut display and eye‐protection lighting applications, their inefficient reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) process and long exciton lifetime induce serious efficiency roll‐off, which significantly limits their development. Herein, a novel device concept of building highly efficient tricomponent exciplex with multiple RISC channels is proposed to realize reduced exciton quenching and enhanced upconversion of nonradiative triplet excitons, and subsequently used as a host for high‐performance MR‐TADF organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). Compared with traditional binary exciplex, the tricomponent exciplex exhibits obviously improved photoluminescence quantum yield, emitting dipole orientation and RISC rate constant, and a record‐breaking external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 30.4% is achieved for tricomponent exciplex p‐PhBCzPh: PO‐T2T: DspiroAc‐TRZ (50: 20: 30) based OLED. Remarkably, maximum EQEs of 36.2% and 40.3% and ultralow efficiency roll‐off with EQEs of 26.1% and 30.0% at 1000 cd m−2 are respectively achieved for its sky‐blue and pure‐green MR‐TADF doped OLEDs. Additionally, the blue emission unit hosted by tricomponent exciplex is combined with an orange‐red TADF emission unit to achieve a double‐emission‐layer blue‐hazard‐free warm white OLED with an EQEmax of 30.3% and stable electroluminescence spectra over a wide brightness range.
Advancing Synthetic Hydrogels through Nature‐Inspired Materials Chemistry
Authors: Soliman Bram G. , Nguyen Ashley K. , Gooding J. Justin , Kilian Kristopher A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSynthetic extracellular matrix (ECM) mimics that can recapitulate the complex biochemical and mechanical nature of native tissues are needed for advanced models of development and disease. Biomedical research has heavily relied on the use of animal‐derived biomaterials, which is now impeding their translational potential and convoluting the biological insights gleaned from in vitro tissue models. Natural hydrogels have long served as a convenient and effective cell culture tool, but advances in materials chemistry and fabrication techniques now present promising new avenues for creating xenogenic‐free ECM substitutes appropriate for organotypic models and microphysiological systems. However, significant challenges remain in creating synthetic matrices that can approximate the structural sophistication, biochemical complexity, and dynamic functionality of native tissues. This review summarizes key properties of the native ECM, and discusses recent approaches used to systematically decouple and tune these properties in synthetic matrices. The importance of dynamic ECM mechanics, such as viscoelasticity and matrix plasticity, is also discussed, particularly within the context of organoid and engineered tissue matrices. Emerging design strategies to mimic these dynamic mechanical properties are reviewed, such as multi‐network hydrogels, supramolecular chemistry, and hydrogels assembled from biological monomers.
The Development of Quinoxaline‐Based Electron Acceptors for High Performance Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Liu Hongxing , Geng Yanfang , Xiao Zuo , Ding Liming , Du Jimin , Tang Ailing , Zhou Erjun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn the recent advances of organic solar cells (OSCs), quinoxaline (Qx)‐based nonfullerene acceptors (QxNFAs) have attracted lots of attention and enabled the recorded power conversion efficiency approaching 20%. As an excellent electron‐withdrawing unit, Qx possesses advantages of many modifiable sites, wide absorption range, low reorganization energy, and so on. To develop promising QxNFAs to further enhance the photovoltaic performance of OSCs, it is necessary to systematically summarize the QxNFAs reported so far. In this review, all the focused QxNFAs are classified into five categories as following: SM‐Qx, YQx, fused‐YQx, giant‐YQx, and polymer‐Qx according to the molecular skeletons. The molecular design concepts, relationships between the molecular structure and optoelectronic properties, intrinsic mechanisms of device performance are discussed in detail. At the end, the advantages of this kind of materials are summed up, the molecular develop direction is prospected, the challenges faced by QxNFAs are given, and constructive solutions to the existing problems are advised. Overall, this review presents unique viewpoints to conquer the challenge of QxNFAs and thus boost OSCs development further toward commercial applications.
Filter‐Less Color‐Selective Photodetector Derived from Integration of Parallel Perovskite Photoelectric Response Units
Authors: Wang Wencan , Tian Wei , Chen Fang , Wang Jianyuan , Zhai Wei , Li Liang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractColor‐selective photodetectors (PDs) play an indispensable role in spectral recognition, image sensing, and other fields. Nevertheless, complex filters and delicate optical paths in such devices significantly increase their complexity and size, which subsequently impede their integration in smart optoelectronic chips for universal applications. This work demonstrates the successful fabrication of filter‐less color‐selective perovskite PDs by integrating three perovskite units with different photoresponse on a single chip. The variation in photoresponse is attributed to different quantities of SnO2 nanoparticles, synthesized through controlled ultrasonic treatment on the surface of the electron transportation layer SnS2, which selectively absorb short‐wavelength light, thus increasing the relative transmittance of long‐wavelength light and enhancing the photoresponse of the units to long wavelengths. By integrating any two units and deriving the formula for the wavelength to the responsivity ratio, a wavelength sensor is developed which can accurately identify incident light in the range of 400–700 nm with a minimum error <3 nm. Furthermore, the device integrating three units with different photoresponse can identify red, green and blue in polychromatic light to achieve color imaging with a relative error <6%. This work provides valuable insights into wavelength identification and color imaging of perovskite PDs.
Zirconium‐Based Metal–Organic Frameworks with Free Hydroxy Groups for Enhanced Perfluorooctanoic Acid Uptake in Water
Authors: Liang Rong‐Ran , Yang Yihao , Han Zongsu , Bakhmutov Vladimir I. , Rushlow Joshua , Fu Yubin , Wang Kun‐Yu , Zhou Hong‐Cai 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPerfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is a highly recalcitrant organic pollutant, and its bioaccumulation severely endangers human health. While various methods are developed for PFOA removal, the targeted design of adsorbents with high efficiency and reusability remains largely unexplored. Here the rational design and synthesis of two novel zirconium‐based metal‒organic frameworks (MOFs) bearing free ortho‐hydroxy sites, namely noninterpenetrated PCN‐1001 and twofold interpenetrated PCN‐1002, are presented. Single crystal analysis of the pure ligand reveals that intramolecular hydrogen bonding plays a pivotal role in directing the formation of MOFs with free hydroxy groups. Furthermore, the transformation from PCN‐1001 to PCN‐1002 is realized. Compared to PCN‐1001, PCN‐1002 displays higher chemical stability due to interpenetration, thereby demonstrating an exceptional PFOA adsorption capacity of up to 632 mg g−1 (1.53 mmol g−1), which is comparable to the reported record values. Moreover, PCN‐1002 shows rapid kinetics, high selectivity, and long‐life cycles in PFOA removal tests. Solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance results and density functional theory calculations reveal that multiple hydrogen bonds between the free ortho‐hydroxy sites and PFOA, along with Lewis acid‐base interaction, work collaboratively to enhance PFOA adsorption.
Deciphering the Differential Origin of Hydrogen Bonds in the Normal and Tautomer Forms of 7‐Azaindole:Piperidin‐2‐one Hydrogen‐Bonded Complex: Excited‐State Double Proton Transfer
Authors: Paul Bijan K. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe excited‐state double proton transfer (ESDPT) reaction in the intermolecular hydrogen‐bonded complex 7‐azaindole:piperidin‐2‐one is investigated by quantum chemical calculations with particular emphasis on the H‐bonding interactions within the system. The natural bond orbital (NBO) calculations show that the X─H···Y H‐bonds in the studied complexes, namely, 7‐azaindole:piperidin‐2‐one (N‐form) and 7H‐pyrrolo[2,3‐b]pyridine:3,4,5,6‐tetrahydropyridin‐2‐ol (T‐form, proton transferred tautomer) are aptly described by hyperconjugative charge transfer effect ( is non‐bonded lone‐pair on Y‐atom). That the hyperconjugation effect outplays the rehybridization effect is invoked to account for the observed red‐shifting H‐bonds in harmony with the Bent's rule. The differential nature of interactions underlying the origin of X─H···Y H‐bonds in the complexes (N‐form and T‐form) is explored from atoms‐in‐molecules (AIM) calculations. The H‐bonds in the N‐form are found to have a primarily electrostatic origin (closed‐shell interaction) whereas the relatively stronger H‐bonds in the T‐form are assisted by contribution from shared‐shell (covalent) interaction. The nonoccurrence of the double‐proton transfer reaction in the S0 state is argued from the large barrier for the transformation N‐form → T‐form (N‐form constitutes the global minimum on the S0‐PEC), whereas the stability order is reversed together with a marked reduction of the energy barrier in the S1‐PEC accounting for the ESDPT process.
A Non‐Coding Oligonucleotide Recruits Cutaneous CD11b+ Cells that Inhibit Thelper Responses and Promote Tregs
Authors: Kamal Kahkashan , Richardsdotter‐Andersson Elina , Dondalska Aleksandra , Wahren‐Herlenius Marie , Spetz Anna‐Lena 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSkin‐resident antigen‐presenting cells (APC) play an important role in maintaining peripheral tolerance via immune checkpoint proteins and induction of T regulatory cells (Tregs). However, there is a lack of knowledge on how to expand or recruit immunoregulatory cutaneous cells without causing inflammation. Here, it is shown that administration of a non‐coding single‐stranded oligonucleotide (ssON) leads to CCR2‐dependent accumulation of CD45+CD11b+Ly6C+ cells in the skin that express substantial levels of PD‐L1 and ILT3. Transcriptomic analyses of skin biopsies reveal the upregulation of key immunosuppressive genes after ssON administration. Functionally, the cutaneous CD11b+ cells inhibit Th1/2/9 responses and promote the induction of CD4+FoxP3+ T‐cells. In addition, ssON treatment of imiquimod‐induced inflammation results in significantly reduced Th17 responses. It is also shown that induction of IL‐10 production in the presence of cutaneous CD11b+ cells isolated after ssON administrations is partly PD‐L1 dependent. Altogether, an immunomodulatory ssON is identified that can be used therapeutically to recruit cutaneous CD11b+ cells with the capacity to dampen Th cells.
Spatial Transcriptome‐Wide Profiling of Small Cell Lung Cancer Reveals Intra‐Tumoral Molecular and Subtype Heterogeneity
Authors: Zhang Zicheng , Sun Xujie , Liu Yutao , Zhang Yibo , Yang Zijian , Dong Jiyan , Wang Nan , Ying Jianming , Zhou Meng , Yang Lin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSmall cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive malignancy characterized by rapid growth and early metastasis and is susceptible to treatment resistance and recurrence. Understanding the intra‐tumoral spatial heterogeneity in SCLC is crucial for improving patient outcomes and clinically relevant subtyping. In this study, a spatial whole transcriptome‐wide analysis of 25 SCLC patients at sub‐histological resolution using GeoMx Digital Spatial Profiling technology is performed. This analysis deciphered intra‐tumoral multi‐regional heterogeneity, characterized by distinct molecular profiles, biological functions, immune features, and molecular subtypes within spatially localized histological regions. Connections between different transcript‐defined intra‐tumoral phenotypes and their impact on patient survival and therapeutic response are also established. Finally, a gene signature, termed ITHtyper, based on the prevalence of intra‐tumoral heterogeneity levels, which enables patient risk stratification from bulk RNA‐seq profiles is identified. The prognostic value of ITHtyper is rigorously validated in independent multicenter patient cohorts. This study introduces a preliminary tumor‐centric, regionally targeted spatial transcriptome resource that sheds light on previously unexplored intra‐tumoral spatial heterogeneity in SCLC. These findings hold promise to improve tumor reclassification and facilitate the development of personalized treatments for SCLC patients.
CKB Promotes Mitochondrial ATP Production by Suppressing Permeability Transition Pore
Authors: He Le , Lin Jianghua , Lu Shaojuan , Li Hao , Chen Jie , Wu Xinyi , Yan Qixin , Liu Hailiang , Li Hui , Shi Yufeng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCreatine kinases are essential for maintaining cellular energy balance by facilitating the reversible transfer of a phosphoryl group from ATP to creatine, however, their role in mitochondrial ATP production remains unknown. This study shows creatine kinases, including CKMT1A, CKMT1B, and CKB, are highly expressed in cells relying on the mitochondrial F1F0 ATP synthase for survival. Interestingly, silencing CKB, but not CKMT1A or CKMT1B, leads to a loss of sensitivity to the inhibition of F1F0 ATP synthase in these cells. Mechanistically, CKB promotes mitochondrial ATP but reduces glycolytic ATP production by suppressing mitochondrial calcium (mCa2+) levels, thereby preventing the activation of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) and ensuring efficient mitochondrial ATP generation. Further, CKB achieves this regulation by suppressing mCa2+ levels through the inhibition of AKT activity. Notably, the CKB‐AKT signaling axis boosts mitochondrial ATP production in cancer cells growing in a mouse tumor model. Moreover, this study also uncovers a decline in CKB expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells with aging, accompanied by an increase in AKT signaling in these cells. These findings thus shed light on a novel signaling pathway involving CKB that directly regulates mitochondrial ATP production, potentially playing a role in both pathological and physiological conditions.
Facile Fabrication of Melamine/MXene/FeNi‐PBA Composite Derived Multi‐Interface Magnetic Carbon Foam for High‐Efficiency Microwave Absorption
Authors: Yu Jiaao , Luo Hui , Lv Sihai , Wang Zhihui , Chen Fu , Cheng Yongzhi , Li Xiangcheng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe development of novel materials with high‐efficiency microwave absorption is crucial for mitigating the adverse impacts of electromagnetic pollution. In this study, MXene and FeNi Prussian blue analogs (PBA) are assembled onto a melamine foam using self‐assembly and in situ growth technique. Subsequently, magnetic carbon foam, comprising FeNi alloys, TiN and carbon with various morphologies, is synthesized via carbothermal reduction reaction. The surface morphology electromagnetic properties are significantly influenced by the pyrolysis temperature. The results revealed that the magnetic carbon foam composite demonstrated an effective microwave absorption bandwidth of 4.72 GHz at a thickness of only 1.5 mm, with a minimum reflection loss of −24.83 dB at 1.3 mm. The outstanding microwave absorption performance can be attributed to the 3D conductive network formed by N‐doped carbon, as well as the contributions from polarization loss, magnetic loss, and suitable impedance matching. Furthermore, the corresponding absorber coating demonstrated a maximum reduction value of radar cross‐section (RCS) by 13.16 dB m2. This research offers novel insights for the development of lightweight and efficient low‐filled electromagnetic composite for broadband microwave absorption.
Understanding the Role of Metal Interlayers in All‐Solid‐Electrolyte Batteries Using Operando X‐Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy
Authors: Yun Dong‐Jin , Kim Sewon , Heo Sung , Choi Hyung‐seok , Baik Jaeyoon , Chung JaeGwan , Park SeonTae , Yu DaEun , Lee Jaewoo , Kang Saera , Jung Changhoon , Ko Dong‐Su 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study reports a facile and reliable operando X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) system for the characterization of the chemical state and electronic structure during Li‐plating/stripping in all‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs). The measurement conditions (including manufacturing an in situ sample holder) and experimental parameters have been optimized through experimentation. The proposed system accurately defines the status of every metal interlayer component during real‐time battery operation (with simultaneous Li+‐ion in/out migration) under a repeating Li‐plating/stripping process. Moreover, it enables elucidation of ambiguous reaction mechanisms depending on the battery performance, such as the interlayer‐material effect on the efficiency and reversibility of the Li‐plating/stripping process, and changes in the oxygen‐containing bonds due to reaction with Li. The significance of the developed system is further validated by the usefulness and reliability of the valence band structure as a criterion for the analysis of lithium‐metal alloy formation and the progress of de‐alloying reactions.