bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mangrove species distribution and abundance in relation to local environmental settings: a case-study at Tumpat, Kelantan Delta, east coast of peninsular Malaysia
Authors: Satyanarayana Behara , Idris Indra F. , Mohamad Khairul A. , Husain Mohd-L. , Shazili Noor A.M. , Dahdouh-Guebas Farid 
Published: January 2010

Abstract
We studied mangrove vegetation at Tumpat to estimate different tree structural parameters (e.g., stem density and basal area) at selected sites (PCQ method). There were five dominant taxa in the vegetation, i.e., Sonneratia caseolaris, Nypa fruticans, Avicennia alba, Rhizophora mucronata, and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza in order of importance. Total tree density varied between 79 and 132 stems 0.1 ha-1, and basal area from 0.14 to 4.9 m2 0.1 ha-1. Based on species composition and stem density, the mangrove sites were separable into two groups (Bray-Curtis similarity: 60%). While Group-1 (sites G9, J5, K4, N6 and O4), dominated by S. caseolaris and N. fruticans, was distributed throughout the forest, Group-2 (sites C6 and G6), represented largely by A. alba, was present close to the bay-mangrove boundary. Elevation measurements indicate that Group-1 species occupied low-lying to elevated grounds (0.87–2.23 m above mean sea level) with a (mean) salinity between 0.38 and 14.6 psu, whereas Group-2 occurred preferentially at low to medium elevations (0.86–1.29 m) and high salinity (14.6 psu). Discrete mangrove associations (=groupings) were discerned, wherein the distribution of species was governed by factors such as proximity of land or sea, freshwater input and elevation.
Buchbesprechung
Authors: Golebiowski Anja 
Published: January 2010

Zusammenfassung

Romantik und Geschichte. Polnische Paradigma, europäischer Kontext, deutsch-polnische Perspektive. Hrsg. von Alfred GALL, Thomas GROB, Andreas LAWATY und German RITZ. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2007. 419 S. ISBN 978-3-447-05654-0
Buchbesprechung
Authors: Dzika Joanna 
Published: January 2010

Zusammenfassung
LÖWE, IWONA, Gatunki paratekstowe w komunikacji medialnej. Katowice: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego, 2007. 241 S. (Prace naukowe Uniwersytetu Śląskiego w Katowicach; 2513: Językoznawstwo Polonistyczne). ISBN 978-83-226-1654-3
Buchbesprechung
Authors: Döpmann Hans-Dieter 
Published: January 2010

Zusammenfassung
HANS-CHRISTIAN DIEDRICH, »Wohin sollen wir gehen...« . Der Weg der Christen durch die sowjetische Religionsverfolgung. Eine russische Kirchengeschichte des 20. Jahrhunderte in ökumenischer Perspektive. Erlangen: Martin-Luther-Verlag 2007. 570 S. ISBN 978-3-87513-158-1, 978-3-87513-160-4
Buchbesprechung
Authors: Richter Angela 
Published: January 2010

Zusammenfassung
FISCHER, WLADIMIR: Dositej Obradović als bürgerlicher Kulturheld. Zur Formierung eines serbischen bürgerlichen Selbstbildes durch literarische Kommunikation 17831845. Frankfurt am Main et al: Peter Lang, 2007. 322 S. (Studien zur Geschichte Südosteuropas; 16). ISBN 3631542143, 978-3631542149
The Effect of Piezoelectric Use on Open Sinus Lift Perforation: A Retrospective Evaluation of 56 Consecutively Treated Cases From Private Practices
Authors: Toscano Nicholas J. , Holtzclaw Dan , Rosen Paul S. 
Published: January 2010

Background: The lateral window approach to maxillary sinus augmentation is a well‐accepted treatment option in implant dentistry. The most frequent complication reported with traditional techniques has been the perforation of the Schneiderian membrane, with perforation rates ranging from 11% to 56%. The purpose of this retrospective, consecutive case series from two private practices was to report on the rate of Schneiderian membrane perforations and arterial lacerations when a piezoelectric surgical unit was used in conjunction with hand instrumentation to perform lateral window sinus elevations.Methods: Clinical data (Schneiderian membrane perforation, Underwood septa, and laceration of the lateral arterial blood supply to the maxillary sinus) were obtained retrospectively from two private practices and pooled for analysis. The information was collated after an exhaustive chart review. Fifty‐six consecutively treated lateral window sinus lifts were performed on 50 partially or completely edentate patients.Results: Zero perforations of the Schneiderian membrane occurred during the piezoelectric preparation of the lateral antrostomies, whereas two perforations were noted during subsequent membrane elevations using hand instrumentation. In both instances, membrane perforations were associated with sinus septa. The overall sinus perforation rate was 3.6%. Arterial branches of the posterior superior alveolar artery were encountered in 35 cases, and there were zero instances of arterial laceration.Conclusions: This retrospective case series from clinical private practices confirmed that a lateral window approach to sinus elevation incorporating piezoelectric technology in conjunction with hand instrumentation was an effective means to achieve sinus elevation while minimizing the potential for intraoperative complications. Further prospective and randomized controlled studies are warranted to qualify these observations.
Transcrestal Sinus Floor Elevation With a Minimally Invasive Technique
Authors: Trombelli Leonardo , Minenna Pasquale , Franceschetti Giovanni , Minenna Luigi , Farina Roberto 
Published: January 2010

Background: Recently, we proposed a minimally invasive technique to limit the postoperative morbidity of transcrestal sinus floor elevation procedures. The technique is based on the use of specially designed drills and osteotomes. The purpose of the present study is to present data on the clinical outcomes and postoperative morbidity of sinus floor elevation procedures performed using the proposed technique.Methods: Fourteen implants were placed in the posterior portions of the maxilla areas of 11 patients using the proposed technique. Postoperative pain and discomfort were assessed using a 100‐mm visual analog scale (VAS). The incidences of intra‐ and postoperative complications were recorded. The position of the grafted sinus floor with respect to the implant apex was assessed on periapical radiographs 6 months post‐surgery.Results: The augmented sites had a presurgery residual bone height of 6.1 mm, whereas the mean length of the implants inserted in augmented sites was 10.3 ± 0.9 mm. Immediately after surgery, VAS scores for pain and discomfort were 9.4 ± 13.4 and 17.0 ± 22.2, respectively. The 7‐day VAS score for pain was 2.1 ± 4.9. No complications were observed during or after the surgical procedure. Six months after surgery, a newly formed mineralized tissue was found at or beyond the level of the implant apex in all cases.Conclusion: The proposed technique represents a suitable option to elevate the sinus floor due to a predictable displacement of the sinus floor and a limited post‐operative morbidity.
Site‐Specific Gingival Bleeding on Probing in a Steady‐State Plaque Environment: Influence of Polymorphisms in the Interleukin‐1 Gene Cluster
Authors: Müller Hans‐Peter , Barrieshi‐Nusair Kefah M. 
Published: January 2010

Background: We previously reported a high prevalence of a combination of alleles 2 at positions interleukin (IL)‐1A−889 and IL‐1B+3954 in an Arabic population with gingivitis. In a steady state, the proportion of sites with bleeding on probing (BOP) was consistently reduced. The aim of the present study is to expand this observation by considering the site level.Methods: Fifty healthy non‐smoking volunteers, 19 to 28 years of age, participated in this study. Clinical examinations included probing depth, BOP, plaque index (PI), and calculus. Examinations were repeated after 2 and 4 weeks, and subjects were advised not to change oral hygiene habits. Polymorphisms in the IL‐1 gene cluster were assessed using a reverse hybridization assay.Results: Twenty‐six subjects (52%) carried alleles 2 at positions IL‐1A−889 and IL‐1B+3954 and were designated genotype positive. In multivariate multilevel models of BOP, bleeding tendency in subjects with positive IL‐1 genotype was only reduced at sites with PI 0 (odds ratio of 0.98, 0.65, and 0.56 at baseline and 2 and 4 weeks, respectively; χ2(3) = 11.946; P = 0.008) or 1 (χ2(3) = 6.027; P = 0.110). A decreased bleeding tendency at certain tooth types in subjects who were IL‐1 positive was largely related to the relative cleanliness of these areas. Random parts of the models revealed very low biserial correlations of 0.13 to 0.15 at the site level, whereas correlations were considerably higher (0.76 to 0.83) at the subject level.Conclusion: Multilevel modeling of site‐specific data yielded new information about the influence of the IL‐1 genotype in plaque‐induced gingivitis.
Proinflammatory Gene Expression at Chronic Periodontitis and Peri‐Implantitis Sites in Patients With or Without Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Venza Isabella , Visalli Maria , Cucinotta Maria , De Grazia Giuseppina , Teti Diana , Venza Mario 
Published: January 2010

Background: Diabetes and periodontal diseases are often associated. Both have highly inflammatory components, but the role played by distinct phlogistic mediators in their pathogenesis is not fully understood and remains controversial. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether type 2 diabetes alters the expression of inflammatory mediators in sites with chronic periodontitis (CP) or peri‐implantitis (P‐IM).Methods: The expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, interleukin (IL)‐6 and ‐8, and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)‐1 plus key CC chemokine receptors (CCR1 through 5) and CXC chemokine receptors (CXCR1 through 3) was quantified by real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in gingival or peri‐implant biopsies from 135 patients with well‐controlled or poorly controlled diabetes and periodontal disease, 65 patients with periodontal disease but otherwise healthy, and 90 systematically and periodontally healthy subjects. Western blots were performed.Results: Relative to controls, in patients without diabetes and patients with well‐controlled diabetes, TNF‐α, CCR5, and CXCR3 expression was exclusively higher in sites with P‐IM (P <0.01), whereas IL‐6 and ‐8 were overexpressed in sites with CP and, even more, in sites with P‐IM (P <0.01). In patients with poor glycemic control, TNF‐α, CCR5, and CXCR3 mRNAs were increased in sites with CP (P <0.01). A statistically significant higher IL‐6 and ‐8 expression from patients without diabetes and patients with well‐controlled diabetes was observed compared to patients with poorly controlled diabetes. Regardless of metabolic/glycemic status, MCP‐1 and CCR2 and 4 were markedly higher in both of the oral pathologies examined (P <0.01). At the protein levels, Western blot experiments confirmed the real‐time PCR results.Conclusions: These findings showed that: 1) in subjects without diabetes and patients with well‐controlled diabetes, TNF‐α, CCR5, and CXCR3 may constitute distinctive biomarkers of P‐IM; 2) poor glycemic control abolished the differences between CP and P‐IM regarding the expression of these mediators; and 3) type 2 diabetes affected the expression of TNF‐α, IL‐6 and ‐8, CCR5, and CXCR3.
Biologic Width and Morphologic Characteristics of Soft Tissues Around Immediately Loaded Implants: Studies Performed on Human Autopsy Specimens
Authors: Romanos George E. , Traini Tonino , Johansson Carina B. , Piattelli Adriano 
Published: January 2010

Background: Esthetics and the health of oral implants are based upon the soft tissue reaction and biologic width (BW).Methods: Twelve dental implants were placed in the maxilla and mandible of a patient who smoked. Permanent standard abutments and temporary restorations were immediately fixed in place during the surgery stage. The definitive restorations were placed 4 months after loading without removal of the original abutments. After 10 months, the patient died, and the implants were removed en block and processed for histology.Results: The BW in the maxilla was 6.5 ± 2.5 mm, whereas in the mandible, it was 4.8 ± 1.3 mm (P = 0.017). The sulcular epithelium (SE) in the maxilla was 2.7 ± 0.8 mm, whereas in the mandible, it was 1.7 ± 0.4 mm (P <0.001). The junctional epithelium (JE) in the maxilla was 1.3 ± 0.4 mm, whereas in the mandible, it was 1.5 ± 0.5 mm (P = 0.164). The connective tissue (CT) in the maxilla was 2.5 ± 1.3 mm, whereas in the mandible, it was 1.6 ± 0.4 mm (P = 0.006). In the maxillary bone, the BW, SE, and CT were significantly longer than in the mandible, whereas for the JE, no statistically significant difference was observed.Conclusion: The soft tissue organization around dental implants was different for upper and lower jawbones.
Esthetic Index for Anterior Maxillary Implant‐Supported Restorations
Authors: Juodzbalys Gintaras , Wang Hom‐Lay 
Published: January 2010

Background: The aim of this study is to develop and validate a complex esthetic index (CEI) designed for rating the esthetics of anterior maxillary implant‐supported restorations with respect to the surrounding soft and hard tissues.Methods: Fifty patients (31 males and 19 females; age: 18 to 50 years; mean age ± SD: 32.4 ± 9.1 years) previously treated with dental implants were evaluated regarding the esthetic results of their restorations using the proposed CEI. Two calibrated oral surgeons did the evaluation and recording. The evaluation was carried out twice by each of the examiners 2 weeks apart. The weighted Cohen's κ was used to calculate the intra‐ and interobserver agreement.Results: An analysis of CEI for 50 anterior maxillary implant‐supported restorations showed good intra‐ and interobserver agreement for the soft tissue index (S) and implant‐supported restoration index (R). Only the interobserver agreement for the overall R was rated as moderate (0.54 and 0.52). The single‐parameter analysis showed that the lowest (moderate) intra‐ and interobserver agreement was with the subjective parameters of S (soft tissue color and texture variations) and R (crown surface roughness and ridges and color and translucency). An adequate CEI of S100, P100, and R100 was scored by both examiners in 10% and 12% of cases for evaluations I and II, respectively.Conclusions: This study presents evidence that this newly developed CEI, which incorporates the implant restoration and adjacent soft and hard tissue parameters, is a reproducible tool for scoring anterior implant esthetic predictably. However, prospective clinical trials involving examiners with different training backgrounds are needed to further validate the long‐term stability of this index.
Nitric Oxide Synthase in Gingival Tissues of Patients With Chronic Periodontitis and With and Without Diabetes
Authors: Pan Zeynep , Guzeldemir Esra , Toygar Hilal Uslu , Bal Nebil , Bulut Sule 
Published: January 2010

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the gingival tissues of periodontitis patients with and without type 2 diabetes to assess whether NO plays a role in the severity of periodontitis in patients with diabetes. Patients with diabetes and healthy patients were used as controls.Methods: A total of 80 patients were evaluated in four groups (with 20 subjects each): patients with chronic periodontitis and diabetes (12 males and eight females; mean age, 52.1 ± 6.9 years), patients with chronic periodontitis who were otherwise healthy (12 males and eight females; mean age, 43.1 ± 8.9 years), periodontally healthy patients with diabetes (12 males and eight females; mean age 50.9 ± 6.3 years), and systemically and periodontally healthy control subjects (12 males and eight females; mean age 29.8 ± 9.2 years). Periodontal parameters were recorded. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect inflammation and iNOS expression in gingival tissues.Results: Although periodontal parameters were slightly higher in periodontitis compared to diabetic periodontitis, immunohistochemical parameters were higher in diabetic periodontitis compared to periodontitis. All periodontal parameters were higher in patients with periodontitis and with/without diabetes compared to controls and patients with diabetes. All immunohistochemical parameters were higher in patients with diabetes and periodontitis compared to patients with only diabetes or periodontitis, but there was no difference between the latter two groups. There was a correlation between the expression of iNOS and inflammatory cells in controls, patients with diabetes, and patients with periodontitis but not in patients with diabetes and periodontitis.Conclusions: Inflammation and iNOS expression were more prominent in the gingiva of the patients with both diabetes and periodontitis. However, iNOS expression did not seem to have an additional detrimental effect on the course of periodontitis in patients with diabetes compared to those with periodontitis alone.
Treatment of concomitant prolapse and stress urinary incontinence via a transobturator subvesical mesh without independent suburethral tape
Authors: SERGENT FABRICE , SENTILHES LOÏC , RESCH BENOÎT , VERSPYCK ERIC , MEDEIROS RICHARD , DESCAMPS PHILIPPE , MARPEAU LOÏC 
Published: January 2010

AbstractObjective. Evaluate the efficacy of a transobturator subvesical mesh for cystocele in concomitant stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Design. Longitudinal observational study. Setting. Tertiary referral urogynecology center. Population. One hundred and five women with at least an anterior vaginal wall prolapse and concomitant SUI who underwent surgery. Methods. After reduction of prolapse elements, the intervention consisted of a non‐absorbable monoprosthesis placement with two transobturator expansions and, if necessary, associated hysterectomy or infraccocygeal sacropexy. No specific procedure was performed for SUI. Main outcome measures. All patients had a physical examination and a subjective symptoms assessment via questionnaire in the preoperative period and at one‐year or more after surgery. The pelvic organ prolapse quantification system was used for anatomical results. For SUI, Ingelman‐Sundberg classification and cough test were used. Loss of urine was measured by a one‐hour pad test. Functional results were evaluated by visual analog scale, quality‐of‐life questionnaires, including the pelvic floor distress inventory and the pelvic floor impact questionnaire. Results. Median follow‐up was 45 months (range: 12–72). A total of 102 women (97%) were cured of their prolapse, of whom 72 (69%) were cured of their SUI and 13 (12%) showed improvement. Pad test, visual analogic scale and quality‐of‐life questionnaires were all improved (p < 0.05). Complications consisted of one rectal injury, one transitory urinary retention, and two hematomas. Of the erosions 6% was observed for monofilament polypropylene prostheses. Conclusion. Transvaginal monoprosthesis for the simultaneous correction of prolapse and SUI represents an effective treatment for bulky or recurrent prolapse as well as posthysterectomy vaginal vault prolapse.
Lesson Learned in Understanding Nature’s Laws in Water Induced Disaster Management: Some Examples
Authors: Sthapit Keshar M 
Published: January 2010

Every year, there is unfortunate news about the property damage and loss of lives by the water induced disaster. Water induced disasters are the complex natural phenomena as an outcome of the rain and landform guided by the nature's laws. This paper describes some of the nature's laws essential to respect to live in harmony with nature. This includes consideration of angle of repose while using land, natural drainage to be respected during construction, hazard risk zoning to live in flood and landslide affected areas, fault line zone to be avoided for habitation, and toe of a slope is not to be disturbed to reduce slope failure. Water induced disasters such as erosion and flood are the nature's adaptation strategies to the changes in hydrological, physiographical and management or conservation status of the land caused by nature or human activities. Therefore, it is important to understand that these laws need to be understood and respected to live in harmony with nature so that effects and impacts of water induced disaster will be reduced. DOI: 10.3126/init.v3i0.2428 The Initiation Vol.3 2009 57-65
Protected Birds of Nepal: A Review of their Status, Distribution and Habitat
Authors: Baral Hem S 
Published: January 2010

National Parks and Wildlife Conservation Act, 1973 is the major Act that forms the basis for biodiversity protection in Nepal. The Act lists nine species of birds protected by law. These species are Tragopan satyra (Satyr Tragopan), Lophophorus impejanus (Danphe), Catreus wallichi (Cheer), Buceros bicornis (Great Hornbill), Houbaropsis bengalensis (Bengal Florican), Sypheotides indica (Lesser Florican), Grus antigone (Sarus Crane), Ciconia ciconia (White Stork) and C. nigra (Black Stork). As these birds were listed on the Act several years back, there is a need to update the list taking into account the available information on Nepal's birds. Himalayan Nature funded by Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund and World Wildlife Fund (WWF Nepal) is working to recommend updated list to Nepal government. Key Words: National Park and Wildlife Conservation Act, Protected birds of Nepal, Status update DOI: 10.3126/init.v3i0.2429 The Initiation Vol.3 2009 p.66-80
Distribution, Status, Potentiality and Maketing Importance of Guchchi Chyau (<i>Morchella conica</i>, pers.) in Mugu District, Nepal
Authors: Karki Ajay 
Published: January 2010

Morchella conica, pers (Guchchi Chyau) is achlorophyllus but posh fungus species often called as morel mushroom. Its use is not only limited to the household sector but also used in food and non food industries. Distribution status and potentiality is discerned in this paper and is linked it up with the financial contribution made to enhance local livelihoods. The general morphology, ecology and distribution pattern is critically analyzed to link up its importance. It is distributed within twelve VDCs of Mugu district which keeps tremendous potentiality to address the problem of poverty in the region. Information of this research based article is collected from direct field observation, focus group discussion; key informants interview and surface analysis of market structure. Haphazard and immature collections are the issues regarding its sustainability Key Words: Collection, Storage, Value addition, Cultivation, Marketing DOI: 10.3126/init.v3i0.2500 The Initiation Vol.3 2009 p.97-101
Planning and Development Confront in Climate Change Context
Authors: Gotame Bharat 
Published: January 2010

There are ample of evidences to prove the impacts of Climate Change and will be with us for a long time to come. It will have significant impact on natural systems so that most of the habitat of living organism is directly influenced moreover the human being (which is heterotrophic in nature) and their roles to sustain the development and earth at summary are being vulnerable. This literature review article tries to summarize some climate change scenario and its increasing impact over the livelihood assets and their direct/indirect influence to development fronts. Nepal a developing country having more than 70% of mountainous regions with agriculture based economy is more susceptible to climate change impacts. Planning of development activities remarked with increasing trend of climate change impact with pivotal theme should make the development more sustainable and long living. Existing initiatives to make adaptation options are insufficient to halt the expected danger and redesigning the module of development is urgent in Nepal. On adaptation and vulnerability, a continuing effort must take place to exchange experiences and look for emerging best practices and frameworks. The urgency of the issue requires planners, policy makers, evaluators, practitioners and researchers to become involved in designing and in empowering communities and government as well. Key Words: Climate change, Development, Planning, Economic impact, Adaptation DOI: 10.3126/init.v3i0.2503 The Initiation Vol.3 2009 p.119-127