bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deubiquitinase PSMD14 promotes tumorigenicity of glioblastoma by deubiquitinating and stabilizing β‐catenin
Authors: Wang Yang , Liu Yu , Ma Chongchen , Liu Cen , Tang Qikai , Wang Zhangjie , Lu Jiacheng , Chen Zhengxin , Wang Huibo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe deubiquitinating enzyme 26S proteasome non‐ATPase regulatory subunit 14 (PSMD14), a member of the JAB1/MPN/Mov34 metalloenzyme (JAMM) family, has been shown to function as an oncogene in various human cancers. However, the function of PSMD14 in glioma and the underlying mechanism remain unclear. In this study, our findings reveal a dramatic upregulation of PSMD14 in GBMs, which is associated with poor survival outcomes. Knocking down PSMD14 is associated with decreased proliferation and invasion of GBM cells in vitro and inhibited tumor growth in a xenograft mouse model. Mechanistically, PSMD14 directly interacts with β‐catenin, leading to a decrease in the K48‐linked ubiquitination of β‐catenin and subsequent β‐catenin stabilization. Increased β‐catenin expression significantly reverses the inhibitory effects of PSMD14 knockdown on the migration, invasion, and tumor growth of GBM cells. Moreover, we observed a significant correlation between PSMD14 and β‐catenin expression in human GBM samples. In summary, our results reveal that PSMD14 is a crucial deubiquitinase that is responsible for stabilizing the β‐catenin protein, highlighting its potential for use as a therapeutic target for GBM.
Escalating to medium‐ versus high‐efficacy disease modifying therapy after low‐efficacy treatment in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis
Authors: Müller Jannis , Roos Izanne , Kalincik Tomas , Lorscheider Johannes , Galli Edoardo , Benkert Pascal , Schädelin Sabine , Sharmin Sifat , Einsiedler Maximilian , Hänni Peter , Schmid Jürg , Kuhle Jens , Derfuss Tobias , Granziera Cristina , Ziemssen Tjalf , Siepmann Timo , Yaldizli Özgür 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) on low‐efficacy disease modifying therapies (DMT), the optimal strategy on how to escalate treatment once needed, remains unknown.Methods:We studied RRMS patients on low‐efficacy DMTs listed in the Swiss National Treatment Registry, who underwent escalation to either medium‐ or high‐efficacy DMTs. Propensity score‐based matching was applied using 12 clinically relevant variables. Both groups were also separately matched with control subjects who did not escalate therapy. Time to relapse and to disability worsening were evaluated using Cox proportional hazard models.Results:Of 1037 eligible patients, we 1:1 matched 450 MS patients who switched from low‐efficacy to medium‐efficacy (n = 225; 76.0% females, aged 42.4 ± 9.9 years [mean ± SD], median EDSS 3.0 [IQR 2–4]) or high‐efficacy DMTs (n = 225; 72.4% females, aged 42.2 ± 10.6 years, median EDSS 3.0 [IQR 2–4]). Escalation to high‐efficacy DMTs was associated with lower hazards of relapses than medium‐efficacy DMTs (HR = 0.67, 95% CI 0.47–0.95, p = .027) or control subjects (HR = 0.61, 95% CI 0.44–0.84, p = .003). By contrast, escalation from low to medium‐efficacy DMTs did not alter the hazard for relapses when compared to controls (i.e. patients on low‐efficacy DMT who did not escalate DMT during follow‐up)Conclusion:Our nationwide registry analysis suggests that, once escalation from a low‐efficacy DMT is indicated, switching directly to a high‐efficacy treatment is superior to a stepwise escalation starting with a moderate‐efficacy treatment.
PET Ligands for Imaging Mutant Huntingtin Aggregates: A Case Study in Non‐For‐Profit Scientific Management
Authors: Dickmann Catherine G. F. , Milicevic Sephton Selena , Barker Roger A. , Aigbirhio Franklin I. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPositron emission tomography imaging of misfolded proteins with high‐affinity and selective radioligands has played a vital role in expanding our knowledge of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease. The pathogenesis of Huntington's disease, a CAG trinucleotide repeat disorder, is similarly linked to the presence of protein fibrils formed from mutant huntingtin (mHTT) protein. Development of mHTT fibril–specific radioligands has been limited by the lack of structural knowledge around mHTT and a dearth of available hit compounds for medicinal chemistry refinement. Over the past decade, the CHDI Foundation, a non‐for‐profit scientific management organisation has orchestrated a large‐scale screen of small molecules to identify high affinity ligands of mHTT, with lead compounds now reaching clinical maturity. Here we describe the mHTT radioligands developed to date and opportunities for further improvement of this radiotracer class.
Ammonia as a Potential Energy Vector in the Burgeoning Hydrogen Economy
Authors: Kumar Abhishek , Vibhu Vaibhav , Bassat Jean‐Marc , Nohl Lucy , de Haart L. G. J. (Bert) , Bouvet Marcel , Eichel Rüdiger‐A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe adoption of green hydrogen economy is an indispensable necessity in the current global scenario of environment and energy security. In this endeavor, ammonia is poised to play a key vector of hydrogen to mitigate the challenges arising from transportation, storage and safety. Besides containing a high volumetric and gravimetric hydrogen density, NH3 decomposition into H2 for onsite utilization as a distributed energy source is devoid of greenhouse gases production. In this endeavor, significant technological advancements have been made for in situ production of H2 from NH3 decomposition and the use of NH3 in fuel cell devices to produce electricity. The ammonia decomposition methods to produce H2 mainly involve thermocatalytic, oxidative, electrocatalytic and photocatalytic, among which the catalyst assisted thermal cracking of NH3 has been widely investigated. The research progress in electrolysis of NH3 has been notable in the last couple of years and provides a low‐cost alternative to produce H2 at room temperature. In the area of device development, solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) have witnessed rapid development in the performances and stability, as ammonia is completely decomposed into H2 and N2 at high operating temperature above ~700 °C.
High‐Throughput Experimentation in Electrochemistry for Alkaline Water Electrolysis
Authors: Dessel Inka , Dogan Deniz , Eichel Rüdiger‐Albert , Hecker Burkhard , Hofmann Christian , Huber Florian , Jakob Asha , Kost Hans‐Joachim , Löb Patrick , Müller Andreas , Sahehmahamad Sarifahnurliza , Schmidt Volkmar M. , Schneider Fabian , Tempel Hermann , Wasserschaff Guido , Ziogas Athanassios 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHigh‐throughput experimentation, a well‐established and powerful tool in the field of heterogeneous catalysis screening, has been extended to the field of electrochemistry. A parallel and modular high‐throughput screening platform was designed, involving the development of a new modular electrochemical flow cell by the Fraunhofer Institute for Microengineering and Microsystems (IMM) in cooperation with hte GmbH and IEK‐9 / FZ Jülich GmbH. Here, this platform is introduced for alkaline water electrolysis, showing initial results that underline the flexibility, comparability, and accuracy of the experiments.
Multi‐scale study of fluidized bed‐chemical vapour deposition process in nuclear fuel coated particle fabrication for high‐temperature gas‐cooled reactor: A review
Authors: Yan Zefan , Jiang Lin , Tian Yu , Liu Rongzheng , Shao Youlin , Liu Bing , Liu Malin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFluidized bed‐chemical vapour deposition (FB‐CVD) is a kind of key technology used widely in many application fields, such as semiconductors, nuclear energy, energy storage, and catalysts. In recent years, it has drawn much attention in the preparation of nuclear fuel coated particles (CP). It also has long played a crucial role in the preparation of high‐temperature gas‐cooled reactor (HTGR) fuel pebbles. The multi‐scale study of FB‐CVD technology has paid attention to the industrial fabrication of nuclear fuel particles at a large scale. In this paper, the recent FB‐CVD studies of different application fields are summarized first. Then, the recent works of our group in the field of FB‐CVD process in nuclear fuel particle fabrication are summarized. The FB‐CVD process in nuclear fuel particle fabrication and the multi‐scale study of the FB‐CVD process are overviewed in detail. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is used to study the CVD process of preparing the coating layer at the micro‐scale. Computational fluid dynamics–discrete element model (CFD‐DEM) simulation is used to study the high‐density particle fluidization, mixing particle fluidization, and particle coating process at the particle scale. Process simulation is used to study the entire FB‐CVD production line at the macro scale. Finally, the great application potential of the multi‐scale coupling study of the FB‐CVD process in the industrial fabrication of nuclear fuel particles is revealed. This paper is helpful to develop the academic research field of fluidized beds. It also has inspiration and reference significance for the expansion of other industrial applications of FB‐CVD.
Association of anti‐factor Xa‐guided anticoagulation with hemorrhage during ECMO support: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Rajsic Sasa , Breitkopf Robert , Treml Benedikt , Jadzic Dragana , Innerhofer Nicole , Eckhardt Christine , Oberleitner Christoph , Bukumiric Zoran 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is associated with complex hemostatic changes. Systemic anticoagulation is initiated to prevent clotting in the ECMO system, but this comes with an increased risk of bleeding. Evidence on the use of anti‐Xa‐guided monitoring to prevent bleeding during ECMO support is limited. Therefore, we aimed to analyze the association between anti‐factor Xa‐guided anticoagulation and hemorrhage during ECMO.MethodsA systematic review and meta‐analysis was performed (up to August 2023). PROSPERO: CRD42023448888.ResultsTwenty‐six studies comprising 2293 patients were included in the analysis, with six works being part of the meta‐analysis. The mean anti‐Xa values did not show a significant difference between patients with and without hemorrhage (standardized mean difference −0.05; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.19; 0.28, p = .69). We found a positive correlation between anti‐Xa levels and unfractionated heparin dose (UFH; pooled estimate of correlation coefficients 0.44; 95% CI: 0.33; 0.55, p < .001). The most frequent complications were any type of hemorrhage (pooled 36%) and thrombosis (33%). Nearly half of the critically ill patients did not survive to hospital discharge (47%).ConclusionsThe most appropriate tool for anticoagulation monitoring in ECMO patients is uncertain. Our analysis did not reveal a significant difference in anti‐Xa levels in patients with and without hemorrhagic events. However, we found a moderate correlation between anti‐Xa and the UFH dose, supporting its utilization in monitoring UFH anticoagulation. Given the limitations of time‐guided monitoring methods, the role of anti‐Xa is promising and further research is warranted.
Macrocrowding of Polyethylene Glycol Facilitates the Formation of Polydopamine Nanoparticles and Derivatives via Depletion Stabilization
Authors: Duan Xiaoman , Han Zhaoyu , Liu Biwu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMussel‐inspired polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA NPs) show promise in biosensing, drug delivery, and energy storage. However, it is still difficult to obtain monodispersed PDA NPs and metal‐containing PDA NPs in mild aqueous conditions. Herein, we report a facile strategy to modulate the growth and formation of PDA NPs in a macrocrowding condition using inert polymers as crowders. Our results show that both high concentrations and molecular weights are important for polymer‐enabled particle stabilization. Importantly, we demonstrate that only polyethylene glycol (PEG) with a weak interaction with PDA could facilitate NPs formation. Lastly, we show that this strategy could be extended to metal‐containing PDA derivatives, and enzyme‐encapsulated PDA NPs. Overall, our findings offer a simple and effective approach for producing uniform biocompatible nanomaterials, while also shedding light on the role of depletion forces in nanoparticle stabilization.
Interfacial Mass Diagnostics: Quantitative Perspective on Construction and Mechanism Understanding of Dye‐Sensitized, Perovskite and Quantum Dots Solar Cells
Authors: Liu Weiqing , Zhang Yiyao , Yang Yan , Chen Wenhao , Yuan Ligang , Yu Zhongpeng , Yu Xiang , Wu Qiang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), quantum dot‐sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs) and perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted wide attention. DSSCs, QDSSCs and PSCs can be prepared by liquid phase or solid phase, which causes a certain range of interface micro‐mass changes during preparation. In addition, the photoelectric conversion process occurring inside the device also inevitably causes interface micro‐mass changes. Interpretation of these interface micro‐mass changes can help to optimize the cell structure, improve the stability and performance repeatability of the device, as well as directly or indirectly infer, track and predict the internal photoelectric conversion mechanism of the device. Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) is a powerful tool for studying surface mass changes, extending this technology to the fields of solar cells to directly obtain interface micro‐mass changes, which makes the research more in‐depth and opens up a new perspective for explaining the basic principles of solar cells. This review summarizes the research progress of QCM application in DSSCs, QDSSCs and PSCs in recent years, and explores the challenges and new opportunities of QCM application in new solar cells in the future.
Informal board hierarchy and corporate ESG performance
Authors: Peng Cheng , Chen Yuansheng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAgainst the backdrop of driving global economic sustainability, corporate Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) performance has gradually emerged as a crucial theoretical and practical concern. This study aims to enrich the theoretical understanding of the correlation between corporate governance and ESG. Notably, the theoretical contribution is based on the relational contract theory, indicating the significance of the informal structure and implicit characteristics of the board of directors for corporate ESG performance. Using Chinese listed firms as samples, this study empirically examines and reveals a positive correlation between the informal board hierarchy and corporate ESG performance. Moreover, based on theoretical deduction, this study identifies internal control, innovation efficiency, and financial performance as important mechanisms through which the informal board hierarchy promotes corporate ESG performance. Further analysis indicates that in firms characterized by higher board interaction, lower shareholding concentration, and the combination of the roles of chairman and CEO, the promoting effect of the informal hierarchy on corporate ESG becomes significantly more pronounced. Our findings contribute to the understanding of relational contract theory in the field of corporate sustainability, enriching the literature on corporate governance and ESG, and providing decision‐making references and practical insights for optimizing corporate development.
A robust parity‐time‐symmetric hybrid wireless power transfer system with extended coupling range
Authors: Qiu Dongyuan , Chen Hao , Gu Wenchao , Zhang Bo , Chen Yanfeng , Xiao Wenxun , Xie Fan 
Published: May 2024

SummaryInductive power transmission (IPT) and capacitive power transmission (CPT) are currently the two main wireless power transfer technologies. Hybrid power transmission (HPT) systems that combine IPT and CPT can improve transmission performance and are more attractive for some charging applications such as electric bicycles (e‐bikes). However, HPT systems are more sensitive to parameter variations, and the coupling mechanism is prone to misalignment during wireless charging. Therefore, achieving stable output power and constant transfer efficiency over a wide range of coupling coefficient variations is still a major challenge for HPT systems. In this work, the parity–time (PT) symmetry theory is applied to an SS‐type HPT system, and a circuit model of the PT‐based HPT system is developed by using coupling capacitance and coupling inductance. The effect of connecting the plates to the homonymous end or heteronymous end of the coupling coils on the PT symmetry range of the HPT system is discussed. It is found that the heteronymous end connection of the coils can effectively increase the range of constant output power and stable transfer efficiency. Finally, a prototype is built to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed PT‐based HPT system. The transfer power and efficiency remain constant in the PT‐symmetric range, and the inductive and capacitive coupling coefficients are smaller compared to IPT and CPT systems with the same parameters.
Maintenance of caecal homeostasis by diverse adaptive immune cells in the rhesus macaque
Authors: Castro Dopico Xaquin , Guryleva Mariia , Mandolesi Marco , Corcoran Martin , Coquet Jonathan M , Murrell Ben , Karlsson Hedestam Gunilla B 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe caecum bridges the small and large intestine and plays a front‐line role in discriminating gastrointestinal antigens. Although dysregulated in acute and chronic conditions, the tissue is often overlooked immunologically.MethodsTo address this issue, we applied single‐cell transcriptomic‐V(D)J sequencing to FACS‐isolated CD45+ caecal patch/lamina propria leukocytes from a healthy (5‐year‐old) female rhesus macaque ex vivo and coupled these data to VDJ deep sequencing reads from haematopoietic tissues.ResultsWe found caecal NK cells and ILC3s to co‐exist with a spectrum of effector T cells partially derived from SOX4+ recent thymic emigrants. Tolerogenic Vγ8Vδ1‐T cells, plastic CD4+ T helper cells and GZMK+EOMES+ and TMIGD2+ tissue‐resident memory CD8+ T cells were present and differed metabolically. An IL13+GATA3+ Th2 subset expressing eicosanoid pathway enzymes was accompanied by IL1RL1+GATA3+ regulatory T cells and a minor proportion of IgE+ plasma cells (PCs), illustrating tightly regulated type 2 immunity devoid of ILC2s. In terms of B lymphocyte lineages, caecal patch antigen‐presenting memory B cells sat alongside germinal centre cells undergoing somatic hypermutation and differentiation into IGF1+ PCs. Prototypic gene expression signatures decreased across PC clusters, and notably, expanded IgA clonotypes could be traced in VDJ deep sequencing reads from additional compartments, including the bone marrow, supporting that these cells contribute a steady stream of systemic antibodies.ConclusionsThe data advance our understanding of caecal immunological function, revealing processes involved in barrier maintenance and molecular networks relevant to disease.
The role of CD20+ T cells: Insights in human peripheral blood
Authors: Pinho Aryane Cruz Oliveira , Barbosa Pedro , Pereira Maria João , Paiva Artur , Carvalho Eugenia , Laranjeira Paula 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCD20+ T cells constitute a small subset of T cells. These are found among CD4+, CD8+, CD4+CD8+, CD4−CD8− T, and TCRγδ+ T cells, and have been poorly characterized. The aim of this study was to characterize peripheral blood (PB) CD20+ T cells and compare them to their PB CD20− T cell counterparts. PB from 17 healthy individuals was collected. The distribution of CD20+ T cells among maturation‐associated T cells compartments (naïve, central memory, transitional memory, effector memory, and effector T cells), their polarization, activation status, and expression of immune‐regulatory proteins were evaluated by flow cytometry. Their function was also assessed, by measuring IFN‐γ, TNF‐α, and IL‐17 production. Compared with CD20− T cells, CD20+ T cells represent a higher proportion of transitional memory cells. Furthermore, CD20+ T cells display a proinflammatory phenotype, characterized by the expansion of Th1, Th1/17, and Tc1 cell subsets , associated to a high expression of activation (CD25) and exhaustion (PD‐1) markers. In addition, the simultaneous production of the proinflammatory cytokines IFN‐γ, TNF‐α, and IL‐17 was also detected in CD4+CD20+ T cells. Our results show that CD20+ T cells are phenotypically and functionally different from CD20− T cells, suggesting that these cells are a distinct subset of T cells.
Using external morphology as a proxy for stomach size in Hemigrapsus sanguineus
Authors: Fletcher Laura S. , Blakeslee April M. H. , Crane Laura C. , Repetto Michele F. , Toscano Benjamin J. , Griffen Blaine D. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractStomach morphology can provide insights into an organism's diet. Gut size or length is typically inversely related to diet quality in most taxa, and has been used to assess diet quality in a variety of systems. However, it requires animal sacrifice and time‐consuming dissections. Measures of external morphology associated with diet may be a simpler, more cost‐effective solution. At the species level, external measures of the progastric region of the carapace in brachyuran crabs can predict stomach size and diet quality, with some suggestion that this approach may also work to examine individual diet preferences and specialization at the individual level; if so, the size of the progastric region could be used to predict trends in diet quality and consumption for individuals, which would streamline diet studies in crabs. Here, we tested whether external progastric region size predicts internal stomach size across latitude and time of year for individuals of the invasive Asian shore crab Hemigrapsus sanguineus. We found that the width of the progastric region increased at a faster rate with body size than stomach width. In addition, the width of the progastric region followed different trends across sites and over time compared to stomach width. Our results therefore suggest that the progastric region may not be used as a proxy for stomach size variation across individuals.