bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unveiling Dynamic Structure and Bond Evolutions in BiOIO3 Photocatalysts during CO2 Reduction
Authors: Lan Yujie , Zhang Yajun , Huang Xiaojuan , Bi Yingpu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe have established a correlation between photocatalytic activity and dynamic structure/bond evolutions of BiOIO3‐based photocatalysts during CO2 reduction by combining operando X‐ray diffraction with photoelectron spectroscopy. More specifically, the selective photo‐deposition of PtOx species on BiOIO3 (010) facets could effectively promote the electron enrichment on Bi active sites of (100) facets for facilitating the adsorption/activation of CO2 molecules, leading to the formation of Bi sites with high oxidation state and the shrink of crystalline structures. With introducing light irradiation to drive CO2 reduction, the Bi active sites with high oxidation states transformed into normal Bi3+ state, accompanying with the expansion of crystalline structures. Owing to the dynamic structure, bond, and chemical‐state evolutions, a significant improvement of photocatalytic activity for CO evolution has been achieved on PtOx‐BiOIO3 (195.0 μmol g−1 ⋅ h−1), much higher than the pristine (61.9 μmol g−1 ⋅ h−1) as well as metal‐Pt decorated BiOIO3 (70.3 μmol g−1 ⋅ h−1) samples. This work provides new insights to correlate the intrinsically dynamic structure/bond evolutions with CO2 reduction activity, which may help to guide future photocatalyst design.
Polyvinyl alcohol/polyethyleneimine grafted carbon oxynitride composite nanofiber membranes with the synergistical enhanced photocatalytic degradation and bactericidal performance
Authors: Bai Xuemei , Luan Jingmin , Song Tingting , Sun Haifeng , Yan Baolin , Dai Yuhua , Yu Jianxiang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGraphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) has received much attention as a metal‐free photocatalyst for dye degradation and sterilization. However, the low photocatalytic bactericidal activity and the difficulty in recycling have limited its applications. Here, oxidatively modified g‐C3N4 grafted with polyethyleneimine (PEI) nanofiber membranes (PVA/PEI‐OCN) was reported to enhance the photocatalytic activity. The modification by PEI grafting could reduce the recombination rate of photogenerated carriers and lead to more electrons for the photocatalytic reaction. In addition, electron spin resonance (ESR) results showed that the generation of reactive oxygen species (˙OH, ˙O2− and 1O2) were significantly enhanced in photocatalysis, leading to the significant enhancement of photocatalytic bactericidal activity and dye degradation. Furthermore, the PVA/PEI‐OCN nanofiber membranes prepared by electrospinning had smooth surfaces and uniform fiber formation, with an average diameter of 380 ± 60 nm. The tensile strength was about 73.5% higher than that of PVA nanofiber membranes. The inhibition diameter of PVA/PEI‐OCN‐4 against Escherichisa coli (E. coil) could reach 20 ± 0.2 mm, and the maximum degradation efficiency of methylene blue solution (10 mg/L) could reach 92.8% within 120 min. This work provided an effective paradigm for the rational design of metal‐free photocatalytic materials for elimination of bacterial and dye contamination.
Noble Gas Anions: An Overview of Strategies and Bonding Motifs
Authors: Borocci Stefano , Grandinetti Felice , Sanna Nico , Zazza Costantino 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis review article aims to provide an overview of the strategies employed to prepare noble gas anions under different environments and experimental conditions, and of the bonding motifs typically occurring in these species. Observed systems include anions fixed into synthesized salts, detected in the gas phase or in high‐pressure devices. The major role of the theoretical calculations is also highlighted, not only in support of the experiments, but also as effective in predicting still unreported species. The chemistry of noble gas anions overall appears as a varied and rich paint, offering fascinating opportunities for both experimentalists and theoreticians.
Challenges and Perspectives for Direct Recycling of Electrode Scraps and End‐of‐Life Lithium‐ion Batteries
Authors: Hayagan Neil , Gaalich Insaf , Loubet Philippe , Croguennec Laurence , Aymonier Cyril , Philippot Gilles , Olchowka Jacob 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe growing demand and production of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) have led to a critical concern regarding their resources and end‐of‐life management. Consequently, LIB recycling has emerged as a prominent topic in academia and in industries, driven by new worldwide governmental regulations and the increasing gap between the supply and demand of critical and strategic raw materials. Widely considered as a more sustainable and cheaper recycling method compared to pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy, direct recycling currently grabs the spotlight. This perspective provides insights and outlooks on the chemical and technological challenges of the innovative direct recycling approach for LIBs, addressing both the production scraps and batteries at their end‐of‐life (EOL). Technological advancements, changes in battery chemistry, along with the LIB market dynamics and collaborations between battery makers and recyclers, are key drivers of LIB waste recycling. While production scraps lend themselves well to direct recycling, EOL batteries encounter challenges in adopting this novel recycling technology. Besides, the need to assess novel direct recycling processes using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is also important for identifying eco‐design strategies and optimizing the processes, leading to a more sustainable energy storage system.
A review of the current treatment methods for retroperitoneal fibrosis with obstructive uropathy
Authors: Carey Charles , Gurumurthy Gerard , Napier‐Hemy Richard , Zelhof Bachar 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroduction and aimsRetroperitoneal fibrosis (RPF) is a fibroinflammatory disease in which patients may suffer obstructive uropathy (OU). The optimum treatment strategy for RPF with secondary OU is currently unclear, and the aim of this literature review is to assess the methods used to treat this patient cohort.MethodsMedline, Embase, Cinahl, the Cochrane Library and PubMed were systematically searched to find studies assessing treatment outcomes in this patient cohort. After reviewing the studies' titles, abstracts and full texts, 12 were found that matched our search aims. Data from these publications were analysed and reported.ResultsThe demographic and symptomatic features of patients across the 12 studies were representative of the general RPF population. No randomised control trials (RCTs) were found, and just one study formally compared outcomes between patients who underwent different treatment strategies. Many of the studies concluded that using medical and surgical methods in combination led to positive outcomes; whereas, others found positive outcomes following a variety of regimens. Many studies also highlighted, however, that significant minorities required further treatment after initial therapy. Conclusions regarding optimum treatment methods were limited as most publications did not formally compare outcomes following different strategies and had an observational study design.ConclusionAlthough positive outcomes were commonly seen following medical, surgical and a combination of treatments, the literature currently lacks research formally comparing outcomes after assigning specific treatment protocols to groups of RPF patients. More research is therefore required to determine how to best manage RPF leading to secondary OU.
The role of upfront lenalidomide maintenance for primary central nervous system lymphoma following first‐line methotrexate treatment: A retrospective study
Authors: Zhang Yan , Wang Wei , Zhao Danqing , Chong Wei , Chen Chao , Zhang Wei , Zhou Daobin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundConsolidation therapy improves the duration of response among patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). Lenalidomide maintenance has shown encouraging results in older patients with PCNSL. Herein, we performed a retrospective, single‐center analysis to evaluate the effect of lenalidomide maintenance on the duration of response in patients with newly‐diagnosed PCNSL.MethodsSixty‐nine adult patients with PCNSL who achieved complete remission or partial remission (PR) after induction therapy were enrolled. The median age of patients was 58.0 years. The maintenance group (n = 35) received oral lenalidomide (25 mg/day) for 21 days, every 28 days for 24 months; the observation group did not undergo any further treatment.ResultsAfter a median follow‐up of 32.6 months, the maintenance group experienced fewer relapse events. However, the median progression‐free survival (PFS) was similar between groups (36.1 vs. 30.6 months; hazard ratio, 0.78; 95% confidence interval, 0.446). Lenalidomide maintenance significantly improved PFS and overall survival (OS) only among patients who experienced PR after induction. The median duration of lenalidomide maintenance was 18 months; lenalidomide was well tolerated and minimally impacted the quality of life.ConclusionsThe present study was the first to evaluate lenalidomide maintenance as a frontline treatment among patients with PCNSL, PFS and OS did not improve, although the safety profile was satisfactory.
Kaempferol Derivatives from Hippophae rhamnoides Linn. Ameliorate H2O2‐Induced Oxidative Stress in SH‐SY5Y Cells by Upregulating Nrf2
Authors: Ding Jin , Tie Fangfang , Dong Qi , Hu Na , Wang Honglun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAs a medicinal and edible resource, Hippophae rhamnoides Linn. subsp. sinensis Rousi is rich in bioactive secondary metabolites, including flavonoids and their derivatives, which offer protective effects against oxidative damage. This study reported the isolation of three new kaempferol derivatives from the seed residue of H. rhamnoides – Hippophandine A, B, and C (compounds 1–3). Their structures were elucidated by high‐resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR‐ESI‐MS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and chemical analyses. The compounds were evaluated for their ability to mitigate hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)‐induced cell death in SH‐SY5Y cells. The results elucidated that Hippophandine A−C at concentrations of 1, 5, and 10 μM reduced the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and increased the activity of antioxidative enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and catalase (CAT). Furthermore, they significantly altered the protein expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its downstream heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1), which is an indicator of redox detection in H2O2‐induced SH‐SY5Y.
A hybrid construct of decellularized matrix and fibrin for differentiating adipose stem cells into insulin‐producing cells, an optimized in vitro assessment
Authors: Bozorgi Azam , Khazaei Mohammad Rasool , Bozorgi Maryam , Khazaei Mozafar 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe generation of insulin‐producing cells (IPCs) is an attractive approach for replacing damaged β cells in diabetic patients. In the present work, we introduced a hybrid platform of decellularized amniotic membrane (dAM) and fibrin encapsulation for differentiating adipose tissue‐derived stem cells (ASCs) into IPCs. ASCs were isolated from healthy donors and characterized. Human AM was decellularized, and its morphology, DNA, collagen, glycosaminoglycan (GAG) contents, and biocompatibility were evaluated. ASCs were subjected to four IPC differentiation methods, and the most efficient method was selected for the experiment. ASCs were seeded onto dAM, alone or encapsulated in fibrin gel with various thrombin concentrations, and differentiated into IPCs according to a method applying serum‐free media containing 2‐mercaptoethanol, nicotinamide, and exendin‐4. PDX‐1, GLUT‐2 and insulin expression were evaluated in differentiated cells using real‐time PCR. Structural integrity and collagen and GAG contents of AM were preserved after decellularization, while DNA content was minimized. Cultivating ASCs on dAM augmented their attachment, proliferation, and viability and enhanced the expression of PDX‐1, GLUT‐2, and insulin in differentiated cells. Encapsulating ASCs in fibrin gel containing 2 mg/ml fibrinogen and 10 units/ml thrombin increased their differentiation into IPCs. dAM and fibrin gel synergistically enhanced the differentiation of ASCs into IPCs, which could be considered an appropriate strategy for replacing damaged β cells.
The Role of AI in Drug Discovery
Authors: Abbas M. K. G. , Rassam Abrar , Karamshahi Fatima , Abunora Rehab , Abouseada Maha 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe emergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in drug discovery marks a pivotal shift in pharmaceutical research, blending sophisticated computational techniques with conventional scientific exploration to break through enduring obstacles. This review paper elucidates the multifaceted applications of AI across various stages of drug development, highlighting significant advancements and methodologies. It delves into AI′s instrumental role in drug design, polypharmacology, chemical synthesis, drug repurposing, and the prediction of drug properties such as toxicity, bioactivity, and physicochemical characteristics. Despite AI′s promising advancements, the paper also addresses the challenges and limitations encountered in the field, including data quality, generalizability, computational demands, and ethical considerations. By offering a comprehensive overview of AI′s role in drug discovery, this paper underscores the technology‘s potential to significantly enhance drug development, while also acknowledging the hurdles that must be overcome to fully realize its benefits.
Single‐Operator Left atrial appendage Occlusion utilizing Conscious sedation TEE, Lack of Outpatient pre‐imaging, and Same‐day Expedited discharge (SOLO‐CLOSE): A comparison with conventional approach
Authors: Golzarian Hafez , Pasley Benjamin A. , Shah Sidra R. , Thiel Arielle M. , Knous Mallory , Kleman Anna C. , Saum Jamie L. , Hempfling Gerri L. , Otto Michael , Otto Todd , Racer Lisa , Martz Denise , Gemmel David J. , Laird Amanda D. , Cole William C. , Parsa Prabhakar , Imm Craig , Patel Sandeep M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundLeft atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) with WATCHMAN currently requires preprocedural imaging, general anesthesia, and inpatient overnight admission. We sought to facilitate simplification of LAAO.AimsWe describe and compare SOLO‐CLOSE (single‐operator LAA occlusion utilizing conscious sedation TEE, lack of outpatient pre‐imaging, and same‐day expedited discharge) with the conventional approach (CA).MethodsA single‐center retrospective analysis of 163 patients undergoing LAAO between January 2017 and April 2022 was conducted. The SOLO‐CLOSE protocol was enacted on December 1, 2020. Before this date, we utilized the CA. The primary efficacy endpoint was defined as successful LAAO with ≤5 mm peri‐device leak at time of closure. The primary safety endpoint was the composite incidence of all‐cause deaths, any cerebrovascular accident (CVA), device embolization, pericardial effusion, or major postprocedure bleeding within 7 days of the index procedure. Procedure times, 7‐day readmission rates, and cost analytics were collected as well.ResultsBaseline characteristics were similar in both cohorts. Congestive heart failure (37.5% vs. 11.1%) and malignancy (28.8% vs. 12.5%) were higher in SOLO‐CLOSE. Median CHA2D2SVASc score was 5 in both cohorts. The primary efficacy endpoint was met 100% in both cohorts. Primary safety endpoint was similar between cohorts (p = 0.078). Mean procedure time was 30 min shorter in SOLO‐CLOSE (p < 0.01). Seven‐day readmissions for SOLO‐CLOSE was zero. After SOLO‐CLOSE implementation, there was a 188% increase in positive contribution margin per case.ConclusionsThe SOLO‐CLOSE methodology offers similar efficacy and safety when compared to the CA, while improving clinical efficiency, reducing procedural times, and increasing economic benefit.
Decades of stability of conjunctival vascular malformations in two patients
Authors: Matsuo Toshihiko , Tanaka Takehiro , Kimata Yoshihiro 
Published: May 2024

Key Clinical MessageConjunctival hemangioma and lymphangioma are rare and their long‐term follow‐up description has been scarce. In our two patients, conjunctival vascular and lymphatic malformations remained stable in decades and could be observed without treatment.AbstractA 65‐year‐old woman with diabetic retinopathy underwent glaucoma surgery to construct a filtering bleb adjacent to conjunctival hemangioma, and showed bleb function and stable hemangioma for a decade. A 1.5‐year‐old girl with right eye lid and cheek swelling by orbital to facial lymphangioma was followed for visual acuity development. Conjunctival lymphangioma was stable in 20 years.
A Review on Fe2O3‐Based Catalysts for Toluene Oxidation: Catalysts Design and Optimization with the Formation of Abundant Oxygen Vacancies
Authors: Zhang Ruoqun , He Hongzhe , Tang Yuneng , Zhang Zhicheng , Zhou Hailiang , Yu Jianglong , Zhang Lian , Dai Baiqian 
Published: May 2024

AbstractVolatile organic compounds (VOCs) are typical pollutants with hazards for humans and the environment, which can be efficiently mitigated by catalytic combustion. Fe2O3‐based catalysts are a promising choice due to their low cost and strong redox ability. Several attempts have been made to promote the catalytic performance for Fe2O3‐based catalysts at low temperatures. This review summarizes the research progress on Fe2O3‐based catalysts for the oxidation of toluene, one of the most common and harmful VOC. Firstly, the structural properties and catalytic performances for Fe2O3‐based catalysts have been summarized, and the reaction mechanisms for toluene oxidation on the surface of Fe2O3‐based catalysts were detailed to comprehend the role of oxygen vacancies. Then, the modification for single Fe2O3 catalysts, including synthesis parameters, structure and morphology control, is introduced to reveal the correlation between physicochemical properties of catalysts and their activity for toluene oxidation. In addition, composite Fe2O3 catalysts, which can promote catalytic performance significantly by the synergetic effect between different components, were presented in detail. Moreover, waste‐derived Fe2O3 catalysts with sustainable merit as converting waste into worth have been discussed. Finally, the advanced machine learning tools, which are helpful in accelerating catalyst design, configuration optimization and reactivity prediction, have been introduced as an emerging research opportunity for the future.
Ionic Liquids Boost Anthraquinone Hydrogenation over Pd‐based Bimetallic Pincer Catalysts
Authors: Li Xiaolei , Zhang Tiantong , Wang Fuying , Peng Mao , Zhang Jinli , Gu Chengzhi , Li Xiaoyan , Li Wei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA series of bimetallic‐ionic liquid (IL) pincer catalysts Pd−M@IL were synthesized using low Pd‐loading amount (0.3 %) and adopting six kinds of ion liquids with the cation containing the imidazole ring, and then evaluated the catalytic activities toward 2‐ethylanthraquinone hydrogenation reaction with the purpose to produce H2O2. Under the reaction conditions of 60 °C, 0.30 MPa and 15 min reaction time, over the catalysts Pd−La@[BMIm]Ac/alu and Pd−La@[VBIM]Br/alu achieved high hydrogenation efficiency(9.4 g/L and 8.5 g/L) but also high selectivity toward the active anthraquinone (98.9 % and 99.6 %). Through characterizations of STEM, TPD, in‐situ XPS, etc., it illustrates that the pincer catalysts Pd−La@[BMIm]Ac/alu and Pd−La@[VBIM]Br/alu have much better dispersity than the bimetallic Pd−La/alu, these two ionic liquids of [BMIm]Ac and [VBIM]Br provide different local environment around Pd−La sites, which in turn modulate the catalytic activity of the pincer‐catalysts toward anthraquinone hydrogenation. DFT calculations disclose the unique electron transfer between ILs ([BMIm]Ac and [VBIM]Br) and Pd−La clusters and subsequent changes of energy barriers for anthraquinone hydrogenation. The work illuminates a facile strategy to design novel hydrogenation catalysts through combining the pincer microenvironment partially encapsulated by the cation and the anion of ionic liquids with the internal bimetallic sites.
Association between plasma growth differentiation factor 15 levels and pre‐eclampsia in China
Authors: Xu Shuhong , Lu Yicheng , Yao Mengxin , Yang Zhuoqiao , Chen Yan , Ding Yaling , Xiao Yue , Liang Fei , Qian Jiani , Ma Jinchun , Liu Songliang , Yan Shilan , Yin Jieyun , Ma Qiuping 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundGrowth differentiation factor‐15 (GDF‐15) is a stress response protein and is related to cardiovascular diseases (CVD). This study aimed to investigate the association between GDF‐15 and pre‐eclampsia (PE).MethodThe study involved 299 pregnant women, out of which 236 had normal pregnancies, while 63 participants had PE. Maternal serum levels of GDF‐15 were measured by using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay kits and then translated into multiple of median (MOM) to avoid the influence of gestational week at blood sampling. Logistic models were performed to estimate the association between GDF‐15 MOM and PE, presenting as odd ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsMOM of GDF‐15 in PE participants was higher compared with controls (1.588 vs. 1.000, p < 0.001). In the logistic model, pregnant women with higher MOM of GDF‐15 (>1) had a 4.74‐fold (95% CI = 2.23–10.08, p < 0.001) increased risk of PE, adjusted by age, preconceptional body mass index, gravidity, and parity.ConclusionsThese results demonstrated that higher levels of serum GDF‐15 were associated with PE. GDF‐15 may serve as a biomarker for diagnosing PE.
sAPPα Peptide Promotes Damaged Microglia to Clear Alzheimer's Amyloid‐β via Restoring Mitochondrial Function
Authors: Tang Yingqi , Wang Yangang , Gao Ziran , Li Jiayi , Zhang Lijia , Shi Haoting , Dong Jingwen , Song Shipeng , Qian Chenggen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is an age‐related neurodegenerative disease with amyloid‐β (Aβ) deposition as the main pathological feature. It's an important challenge to find new ways to clear Aβ from the brain. The soluble amyloid precursor protein α (sAPPα) is a neuroprotective protein and can attenuate neuronal damage, including toxic Aβ. However, the regulatory role of sAPPα in non‐neuronal cells, such as microglia, is less reported and controversial. Here, we showed that sAPPα promoted the phagocytosis and degradation of Aβ in both normal and damaged microglia. Moreover, the function of damaged microglia was improved by the sAPPα through normalizing mitochondrial function. Furthermore, the results of molecular docking simulation showed that sAPPα had a good affinity with Aβ. We preliminarily reveal that sAPPα is similar to antibodies and can participate in the regulation of microglia phagocytosis and degradation of Aβ after binding to Aβ. sAPPα is expected to be a mild and safe peptide drug or drug carrier for AD.