bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What Were Rock Art Sites Like in the Past? Reconstructing the Shapes of Sites as Cultural Settings
Authors: Delannoy Jean-Jacques , David Bruno , Genuite Kim 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRock art research often focuses on the art, rather than on the site or its landscape. Yet what makes the art meaningful in culture is not just the paintings, stencils or engravings, but the individual and connected places where they are found and of which they are a part. Over time, those places can change, and sometimes dramatically so. To understand the art, attention thus needs to be given on these spatial contexts: the details of what was where in the past matter. In this chapter we argue that in archaeology—a discipline aimed at understanding the cultural past—the form of the landscape of rock art sites at the time the art was produced and engaged needs to be understood. We do so by investigating four dimensions of a site’s past landscapes: its past landforms; its palaeo-entrance; its palaeo-landmarks and pathways; and its past rock surfaces. Each brings new insights on the physical configuration of a rock art place, as context of its cultural significance and engagements.
The UNESCO World Heritage List in a Globalized World: The Case of the Paleolithic Caves of Northern Spain (1985–2008)
Authors: Pérez Eduardo Palacio 
Published: May 2024

AbstractNorthern Spain is home to one of the richest concentrations of Paleolithic cave art found anywhere in the world. The universal value of this heritage was first recognized by UNESCO in 1985, when the cave of Altamira was inscribed in the World Heritage List. In 2008, a further seventeen cave art sites in the region were added to the original list. In this paper I examine this process with reference to two main issues. First, taking the case of Cantabria as a paradigm, I examine the archaeological and heritage narratives that, since the end of the nineteenth century, have made these caves a center of global rock art research. In particular, I discuss the role of these narratives in the nomination process that led to securing UNESCO World Heritage status. Second, I analyze the impact that the World Heritage status has had for Cantabria, a region in which a plurality of stakeholders must be satisfied. I suggest that the economic (tourism), conservation (heritage value), and academic (intellectual value) factors that were the primary drivers in establishing the World Heritage status of the caves constitute a plurality of diverse (and sometimes opposed) interests that have yet to be reconciled. This case study has important implications for the ways in which Paleolithic rock art is globalized by archaeological, heritage, and local communities alike.
Local—National—Global: Defining Indigenous Values of Murujuga’s Cultural Landscape in the Frame of International Patrimony
Authors: Stevens Amy , McDonald Jo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMurujuga, as the Dampier Archipelago (including Burrup Peninsula) National Heritage Listed Place is known to its traditional custodians, is on the Pilbara coast of northern Western Australia. Murujuga’s scientific values are endorsed on Australia’s National Heritage List under a range of significance criteria. This chapter describes how an Australian local Aboriginal community’s contemporary connections and significance values have been framed through the lens of Outstanding Universal Value in a world heritage nomination—and the scaffolding required to translate local and national heritage values into the global purview. The World Heritage List (WHL) criteria distinguish between natural and cultural values: an anathema to Aboriginal custodians who see ngurra (country) as both a natural and cultural domain. We describe the disjunct between Aboriginal custodial connections to country and UNESCO’s framing of Outstanding Universal Values (OUV) for a world heritage nomination. The Ngarda-Ngarli are pursuing World Heritage by documenting outstanding universal cultural values under criteria i, iii, and v). For Aboriginal custodians this journey towards international recognition provides an opportunity to assert their local connection and control over this significant place, in the belief that global recognition will increase its protection. This chapter explores whether World Heritage recognition will help its traditional custodians to manage this extraordinary heritage estate, particularly in the face of the national economic value being placed on Industry in this same landscape.
Out of Place: Postcolonial Legacy and Indigenous Heritage in South Africa
Authors: Tomášková Silvia 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIndigenous peoples the world over are speaking out for their rights in former colonial societies. The term Indigenous, derived from Latin, means within, originating where it is found, or belonging to a particular place by birth or origin, a temporal claim to a place. In an archaeological sense, the San can claim to be the true Indigenous people in all of southern Africa, having lived in the region for thousands of years, before any migrations, and well before any colonial onslaught. Yet in the Northern Cape, South Africa, well-known for a significant concentration of rock engravings and archaeological sites, the current San inhabitants are the most recent arrivals, with no record of an Indigenous population since at least the mid-nineteenth century. In 1999 the South African government resettled some 400 formerly military !Xu and Khwe families of different origins, language backgrounds, and histories in Platfontein without any deliberations about their relation to local boundaries, history or heritage. Indigeneity here is far more complicated and vexing. In this chapter I probe the quest for an authentic Indigenous past of ancient images, to show that the complex history of postcolonial locales demands that archaeologists attend to the dislocations and violence of global forces of the past hundreds of years. The insistence on ancient roots of Indigenous people in a place can effectively deprive them of a role in global history, and of agency in political events. Contested spaces, centuries of conflict, truce, and temporary agreements that fester and erupt with unsurprising regularity are all a part of the context that frames ancient images. We should account for this context when studying them, in order to avoid one-dimensional, simplistic notions of Indigenous heritage.
Translation and Transformation: The Materiality of Rock Art in a World of Bytes
Authors: Robb John 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRock art is fundamentally material and local in several ways: its substrate’s material qualities affect how humans made it and interact with it (for instance, how visible it is), it is fixed in a specific landscape location, and it participates in local systems of knowledge ranging from what it is ontologically to what specific motifs represent. This article, working from a material culture perspective and using European rock art as an example, explores what happens when we translate rock art into other media, particularly digitised forms. The process of translation liberates rock art from its location and medium, heightens its visibility and representational clarity, passes it through filters prioritising some imagery (particularly narrative pictures) over others, and reinscribes it into new frames of reference. Thus, it often results in losing the fundamental material qualities that made it rock art, in the process refashioning it into an entirely new product that meets the needs of different people living in a different world.
Some Implications of Pleistocene Figurative Rock Art in Indonesia and Australia
Authors: Brumm Adam , Oktaviana Adhi Agus , Aubert Maxime 
Published: May 2024

AbstractUntil recent years, most western scholars had overlooked the existence of rock art in Indonesia or viewed it as being of limited antiquity and of largely regional-interest only. In 2014, however, an Indonesian-Australian team announced the results of a program of Uranium-series (U-series) dating of rock art in Maros-Pangkep, Sulawesi, including a surprisingly early antiquity of at least 39.9 ka for a hand stencil and 35.4 ka for a figurative animal painting. U-series dating more recently has yielded minimum ages for figurative animal painting of 40 ka in Kalimantan and 45.5 ka in Maros-Pangkep, with the latter presently constituting the world’s oldest dated example of representational art. Indonesia’s previously little-known rock art has been propelled to the global stage. Here, we examine how scholars are grappling with the implications of ‘ice age art’ in Indonesia and its integration, for the first time, into models of early human artistic culture in other parts of the world. In particular, we discuss the seemingly close stylistic parallels between Late Pleistocene figurative animal art in Indonesia and early representational depictions of animals in the Arnhem Land and Kimberley regions of northern Australia. We consider scenarios that could explain these similarities, including the idea that a single figurative rock art style spread into Australia from Wallacea during the early movements of our species in the region.
The Framework for Ochre Experiences (Foes): Towards a Transdisciplinary Perspective on the Earth Material Heritage of Ochre
Authors: Velliky Elizabeth C. , Hodgskiss Tammy , Straffon Larissa Mendoza , Gustafson Heidi , Gollifer Ann , Haaland Magnus M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOchre is a mineral pigment that has been used by humans for more than 300,000 years. It appears in archaeological, historical, and contemporary settings across vast distances of time and space, and increasing evidence shows ochre use by ancestral hominins as well as by certain animal species. Because of its unique behavioral, functional, contextual, and temporal breadth, it is a topic of study from a range of disciplines. There has been considerable debate amongst them; in particular, on which concepts and empirical methods are the most useful in deciphering ancient ochre practices on an individual, societal, or evolutionary level. However, if we want to understand the significance of ochre from a range of perspectives, we first must acknowledge that ochre formation and use involves different processes operating across all these domains simultaneously. The diversity of ways in which humans interact with ochre relies largely on individual backgrounds and experiences, which is often reviewed at an operational level. Here, we offer an ambitious framework to describe and explore the exceptionally broad role of ochre throughout geological, biological, and cultural evolution, titled the Framework for Ochre Experiences (FOES). We use this framework to realize the complex histories, properties, and uses of ochre; not within a specific domain – but of the entire earth-human system, operating from deep time and into the future. To do this, we bring together several voices to promote a reflective and insightful interaction between different types of ochre actors. We believe this experiential and transdisciplinary approach is not only important for improving our understanding of ochre use in the deep past, but also necessary if we are to appreciate, preserve and actively engage with this unique earth-material heritage now and in the future.
Introduction
Authors: Jarvis Charlotte 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTrawling has been recognised as a profoundly damaging practice with lasting negative consequences on seabed ecology and marine life since its first mention in a 1376 parliamentary petition. Mobile fishing gear (including any dredge, trawl, or similar device) is used to tow or push a net with a boat to catch fish. Bottom trawling, in particular, grew from a need to keep up with declining fish stocks and developed further with technological changes and increased demands, though it created ‘anger and resentment’ within the fishing communities (Bolster, 2012, p. 236). All three trawling revolutions—invention, mechanisation, and later deep-water expansion—have been met with controversy and pushback by the public and environmentalists alike (Roberts, 2008).
History of Trawling and Ecological Impact
Authors: Jarvis Charlotte , Brennan Michael L. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBottom trawling developed from the practice of fishing with a net or long lines, but that older style was able to be more controlled and discriminate in its catch. With bottom trawling, nets are weighted to keep them low along the seafloor and a large beam on deck spreads nets wide to increase catch. Marine biologists and environmentalists have been concerned about trawling since it began. As far back as 1376, the English parliament highlighted the destructive nature of the practice to fish populations and habitats, noting that it ‘runs so heavily and hardly over the ground when fishing that it destroys the flowers of the land’ and takes so many fish ‘to the great damage of the commons and the destruction of the fisheries’ (Petition by the Commons to King Edward III, 1376 seen in Bolster, 2012). This first known mention of trawling calls for the removal of the practice and yet the activity endures. Trawling in Europe continued sporadically through the medieval and early modern periods using mainly the beam trawl method until the early nineteenth century when the industrial revolution pushed the technology further.
Holographic renormalization of Horndeski gravity
Authors: Cáceres Nicolás , Corral Cristóbal , Díaz Felipe , Olea Rodrigo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We study the renormalization of a particular sector of Horndeski theory. In particular, we focus on the nonminimal coupling of a scalar field to the Gauss-Bonnet term and its kinetic coupling to the Einstein tensor. Adopting a power expansion on the scalar function that couples the Gauss-Bonnet term, we find specific conditions on their coefficients such that the action and charges are finite. To accomplish the latter, we add a finite set of intrinsic boundary terms. The contribution of the nonminimal coupling generates an effective scalar mass, allowing us to recover a modified Breitenlohner-Freedman bound. Furthermore, we compute the holographic 1-point functions and Ward identities associated with the scalar field and the metric. We constrain the parameter space of the theory by taking into account the preservation of scaling symmetry at the boundary.
On Left T-Nilpotent Rings
Authors: Andruszkiewicz Ryszard R. , Kȩpczyk Marek 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIt is shown that any ring being a sum of two left T-nilpotent subrings is left T-nilpotent. The paper contains the description of all the semigroups S such that an S-graded ring $$R=\bigoplus _{s\in S}A_s$$

R
=

⨁

s
∈
S

A
s

has the property that the left T-nilpotency of all subrings among the subgroups $$A_s$$

A
s

of the additive group of R implies the left T-nilpotency of R. Furthermore, this result is extended to rings R being S-sums.
Existence Theorems for Parameter Dependent Weakly Continuous Operators with Applications
Authors: Andrzejczak Grzegorz , Galewski Marek , Motreanu Dumitru 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe paper presents results on the solvability and parameter dependence for problems driven by weakly continuous potential operators with continuously differentiable and coercive potential. We provide a parametric version on the existence result to nonlinear equations involving coercive and weakly continuous operators. Applications address a variant of elastic beam equation.
Layered Patterns in Reaction–Diffusion Models with Perona–Malik Diffusions
Authors: De Luca Alessandra , Folino Raffaele , Strani Marta 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this paper we deal with a reaction–diffusion equation in a bounded interval of the real line with a nonlinear diffusion of Perona–Malik’s type and a balanced bistable reaction term. Under very general assumptions, we study the persistence of layered solutions, showing that it strongly depends on the behavior of the reaction term close to the stable equilibria $$\pm 1$$

±
1

, described by a parameter $$\theta >1$$

θ
>
1

. If $$\theta \in (1,2)$$

θ
∈
(
1
,
2
)

, we prove existence of steady states oscillating (and touching) $$\pm 1$$

±
1

, called compactons, while in the case $$\theta =2$$

θ
=
2

we prove the presence of metastable solutions, namely solutions with a transition layer structure which is maintained for an exponentially long time. Finally, for $$\theta >2$$

θ
>
2

, solutions with an unstable transition layer structure persist only for an algebraically long time.
Exploring the effectiveness of negative and positive inserts in machining Inconel 718 alloy: a comparative study
Authors: Żyłka Łukasz , Płodzień Marcin , Krupa Krzysztof , de Lacalle Luis Norberto López , Fernandez Asier 
Published: May 2024

AbstractInconel 718 alloy is characterised by high strength and corrosion resistance and remains stable at high temperatures, so it is widely used in the energy and aerospace industries. However, machining this material is difficult due to its high strength, hardness, and high specific force coefficient exceeding 3000 MPa. Turning of the Inconel 718 alloy can be carried out with negative and positive inserts. Therefore, the impacts of the insert geometry on the turning process of Inconel 718, cutting force components, and surface roughness were studied. Three positive and three negative insert geometries were tested. It was shown that the key influence on the active components of the cutting force is the effective rake angle. The surface roughness, on the other hand, depends mainly on the cutting-edge radius. It has been shown that the negative insert geometry with γ = 6° and rn=22 μm provides a 30% lower cutting force than the positive inserts and the same surface roughness. The developed models of the cutting force components proved that when cutting with positive inserts, a higher specific cutting force occurs for the Inconel 718 alloy than for the negative insert. It was shown that technological parameters had a very similar effect on the cutting force components and surface roughness parameters regardless of the blade geometry. It was proven that the use of positive inserts makes sense only for depths of cut no greater than the size of the corner radius.
Novel prognostic impact and cell specific role of endocan in patients with coronary artery disease
Authors: Lin Liang-Yu , Chang Ting-Ting , Leu Hsin-Bang , Huang Chin-Chou , Wu Tao-Cheng , Chou Ruey-Hsin , Huang Po-Hsun , Yin Wei-Hsian , Tseng Wei-Kung , Wu Yen-Wen , Lin Tsung-Hsien , Yeh Hung-I , Chang Kuan-Cheng , Wang Ji-Hung , Wu Chau-Chung , Chen Jaw-Wen 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Both the clinical and mechanistic impacts of endocan were not well elucidated especially in coronary artery disease (CAD).

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the prognostic and potential pathological role of endocan for cardiovascular (CV) events in stable CAD patients.

Methods
A total of 1,071 stable CAD patients with previous percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were enrolled prospectively in a nationwide Biosignature study. Another cohort of 76 CAD patients with or without PCI were enrolled for validation. Baseline biomarkers including endocan level was measured and total CV events especially hard CV events (including CV mortality, non-fatal myocardial infection and stroke) during follow-up were identified. Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) as an in vivo biological contributor to vascular repairment from CAD patients were used for the in vitro functional study.

Results
After 24 months, there were 42 patients (3.92%) with hard CV events and 207 (19.3%) with total CV events in the study group. The incidence of both events was increased with the tertiles of baseline endocan level (hard events: 1.7%,3.4%, and 6.7% in 1st,2nd, and 3rd tertile respectively, p = 0.002; total events: 13.8%vs.16.2%vs.28.0%, p < 0.0001). Multivariate regression analysis revealed the independent association of endocan level with total and hard CV events. These findings were validated in another cohort with a 5-year follow-up. Furthermore, in vitro inhibition of endocan improved cell migration and tube formation capacities, and reduced cell adhesiveness of EPCs from CAD patients.

Conclusions
Endocan might be a novel prognostic indicator, mechanistic mediator, and potential therapeutic target for clinical CAD.

Graphical abstract
Population-specific climate sensitive top height curves and their applications to assisted migration
Authors: Luo Dawei , O’Neill Gregory A. , Yang Yuqing , Galeano Esteban , Wang Tongli , Thomas Barb R. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGrowth and yield (G&Y) of forest plantations can be significantly impacted by maladaptation resulting from climate change, and assisted migration has been proposed to mitigate these impacts by restoring populations to their historic climates. However, genecology models currently used for guiding assisted migration do not account for impacts of climate change on cumulative growth and assume that responses of forest population to climate do not change with age. Using provenance trial data for interior lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta subsp. latifolia Douglas) and white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) in western Canada, we integrated Universal Response Functions, representing the relationship of population performance with their provenance and site climates, into top height curves in a G&Y model (Growth and Yield Projection System, GYPSY) to develop population-specific climate sensitive top height curves for both species. These new models can estimate the impact of climate change on top height of local populations and populations from a range of provenances to help guide assisted migration. Our findings reveal that climate change is expected to have varying effects on forest productivity across the landscape, with some areas projected to experience a slight increase in productivity by the 2050s, while the remainder are projected to face a significant decline in productivity for both species. Adoption of assisted migration, however, with the optimal populations selected was projected to maintain and even improve productivity at the provincial scale. The findings of this study provide a novel approach to incorporating assisted migration approaches into forest management to mitigate the negative impacts of climate change.
Stakeholder perspectives on landslide triggers and impacts in five countries
Authors: Tayebi Safiyeh , Jabed Md. Akib , Ruano Ana Lorena , Lee Gwenyth O , da Silva Paula F. , Ahmed Saleh , G. Edier V. Aristizábal , Dahal Ranjan Kumar , Soltani Arezoo , Imran Khan Mohammad , Rahman Md. Atiqur , Islam M Ashraful , Haque Ubydul 
Published: May 2024

AbstractExpert perspectives drive landslide mitigation and post-disaster policy planning. This study examines landslide risk perceptions among the stakeholders (government officials, academics, policy experts, local community representatives, and representatives of NGOs/civil society) across Brazil, Colombia, Nepal, Iran, and Pakistan, identifying both shared concerns and local heterogeneity. Key informants revealed a discrepancy in their degree of concern about landslides, with government officials exhibiting greater apprehension compared to local community representatives. Local community representatives incorrectly perceived landslides to be the result of natural phenomena. In contrast, governmental and academic stakeholders felt that human-induced triggers, specifically those related to land use and land cover change, were significant contributors to landslide occurrences, necessitating stringent law enforcement. The comprehensive impacts of landslides included economic losses, infrastructure disruption, agricultural losses, and food security concerns, underscoring the multifaceted nature of this hazard. Our results suggest the need for proactive citizen engagement in landslide monitoring, recognizing the importance of local contexts. We end by proposing a dual-pronged policy approach that emphasizes the socio-economic context of each region.