bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative host suitability of common bean cultivars to the soybean cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines, in Iran
Authors: Safaie Naser , Tanha Maafi Zahra , Pourjam Ebrahim , Heydari Ramin 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe first occurrence of soybean cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines, on beans in Iran was documented when a cyst-forming nematode was detected in a commercial common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) field in Iran and subsequently identified as H. glycines. The population was identified as HG Type 0. Host suitability of the 11 P. vulgaris cultivars most commonly grown in the country were evaluated with that population in pot and field trials. Pot assays were conducted in a growth chamber and nematode reproduction on the cultivars was compared. In the field trials, host suitability of the tested entries was evaluated in a field naturally infested with H. glycines. In both the pot and field experiments, most of the common bean cultivars were susceptible or moderately susceptible to the HG Type 0 populations of H. glycines. Common bean cvs Sayad and Dehghan were classified as moderately resistant in pot trials and were moderately resistant and moderately susceptible, respectively, in field trials. The occurrence of H. glycines in commercial bean production fields and lack of high levels of resistance of the commonly grown P. vulgaris cultivars could severely affect common bean and soybean production programmes in Iran.
Impact of the root-lesion nematode Pratylenchus goodeyi and mulch on the East African Highland banana crop performance in Kibuye, Western Rwanda
Authors: Gaidashova Svetlana , De Waele Dirk , Dochez Carine , Delvaux Bruno , van Asten Piet 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe effect of nematode root injuries on banana crop yield is very poorly known in higher parts of the East African highlands. This study assessed the impact of the root-lesion nematode, Pratylenchus goodeyi, on growth and yield of three banana cultivars (Musa spp. AAA-EA) in a field experiment involving nematicide and mulch applications at conditions of high altitude (about 1500 m). Plant growth, yield, root damage and nematode population densities were observed over three production cycles. Low to medium levels (≤50%) of root necrosis were associated with improved plant growth, whilst higher root necrosis (>50%) had no effect on plant growth. No significant reduction in bunch weight was associated with high root necrosis in any cycle and any of the three cultivars. Mulch significantly reduced root necrosis and P. goodeyi population densities. Bunch weight significantly increased in all mulched plots irrespective of root necrosis intensity. These results agree with those of earlier surveys in Rwanda that suggested little impact of P. goodeyi on banana yields. However, they challenge general perceptions and previous findings on the negative impact of root lesion nematodes on banana crop performance.
Assessment of a three-stage sampling strategy to investigate the spatial distribution and population density of Aphelenchoides besseyi among Oryza sativa seeds
Authors: Togashi Katsumi , Hoshino Shigeru 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThis study aimed to determine the spatial distribution patterns of Aphelenchoides besseyi among Oryza sativa seeds on panicle, plant hill, and paddy field spatial scales and to present a three-stage sampling method for estimating the mean density per seed in paddy fields. Living and dead nematodes were extracted individually from 20 seeds sampled from each of five panicles, which were sampled from each of six rice plant hills in each of eight paddy fields, where all plants had leaves exhibiting the 'white tip' symptom. Nested ANOVA indicated that A. besseyi density per seed was significantly different among the eight paddy fields, among rice plant hills in paddy fields, and among panicles in rice plant hills. The proportion of nematode-infested seeds (prevalence) increased and reached an upper limit as the mean density per seed on the panicle scale increased, whereas linear relationships were observed between nematode prevalence and the mean density on plant hill and paddy field scales. Relationships between mean density and mean crowding of nematodes per seed indicated that the nematodes exhibited clumped distribution on each of panicle, plant hill and field scales. Using these relationships, a three-stage sampling plan for estimating nematode density per seed at a specified precision level is presented.
Guitartia tridentata n. gen., n. sp. (Monhysterida: Xyalidae) and Macrodontium gaspari n. gen., n. sp. (Chromadorida: Microlaimidae), free-living marine nematodes from the Caribbean Sea
Authors: Armenteros Maickel , Decraemer Wilfrida , Vincx Magda 
Published: May 2010

AbstractTwo new genera of free-living marine nematodes are described from the muddy bottom of Cienfuegos Bay, Caribbean Sea. Guitartia n. gen. (Xyalidae, Monhysterida) is characterised by three long tooth-like structures in the stegostom, second and third circle of anterior sensilla separate and posterior genital branch of the female restricted to a long post-vulvar sac. The type species is Guitartia tridentata n. gen., n. sp. Within the Xyalidae, Guitartia n. gen. is morphologically close to Amphimonhystrella, Cobbia, Elzalia, Scaptrella and Valvaelaimus, all being characterised by sclerotised structures in the stoma and transverse striation of the body cuticle. Main features for discrimination are the type of stoma structure, the shape and relative size of amphidial fovea, the presence of a post-vulvar sac and gubernacular apophyses and the absence of terminal setae on the tail. Macrodontium n. gen. (Microlaimidae, Chromadorida) is characterised by a heavily sclerotised stoma with one large dorsal tooth and two smaller subventral teeth, sexual dimorphism in size and position of the amphidial fovea and males with a single anterior testis. The type species is Macrodontium gaspari n. gen., n. sp. Within the Microlaimidae, Macrodontium n. gen. is similar to the genera Acanthomicrolaimus and Bolbolaimus due to sclerotised stoma and presence of large dorsal tooth. The new genus is similar to Aponema in sexual dimorphism in the size of the amphidial fovea, monorchic males, presence of a gubernacular apophysis and conico-cylindrical tail shape. Morphological characters of diagnostic value within the family are the ornamentation of the body cuticle, relative length of cephalic sensilla, stoma sclerotisation and number of testes.
Avoiding Stroke During Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Kellermann Kristine , Jungwirth Bettina 
Published: May 2010

The life saving benefits of cardiac surgery are frequently accompanied by negative side effects such as stroke, that occurs with an incidence of 2%-13% dependent to type of surgery. The etiology is most likely multifactorial with embolic events considered as main contributor. Although stroke presents a common complication, no guidelines for any routine use of pharmacological substances or non-pharmacological strategies exist to date. Non-pharmacological strategies include monitoring of brain oxygenation and perfusion with devices such as near infrared spectroscopy and Transcranial Doppler help. Epiaortic and transesophageal echocardiography visualize aorta pathology, enabling the surgeon to sidestep atheromatous segments. Additionally can the use of specially designed aortic cannulae and filters help to reduce embolization. Brain perfusion can be improved by using antero- or retrograde cerebral perfusion during deep hypothermic circulatory arrest, by tightly monitoring mean arterial blood pressure and hemodilution. Controlling perioperative temperature and glucose levels may additionally help to ameliorate secondary damage. Many pharmacological compounds have been shown to be neuroprotective in preclinical models, but clinical studies failed to confirm these results so far. Remacemide, an NMDA-receptor-antagonist showed a significant drug-based neuroprotection during cardiac surgery. Other substances currently assessed in clinical trials whose results are still pending are acadesine, an adenosine-regulating substance, the free radical scavenger edaravone and the local anesthetic lidocaine. Stroke remains as significant complication after cardiac surgery. Non-pharmacological strategies allow perioperative caregivers to detect injurious events and to ameliorate stroke and its sequelae. Considering the multi-factorial etiology though, stroke prevention will likely have to be addressed with an individualistic combination of different strategies and substances.
One-step Conversion of CO32−LDH (Layered Double Hydroxide) into Anion-exchangeable LDHs Using an Acetate-buffer/Salt Method
Authors: Iyi Nobuo , Yamada Hirohisa 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
By carrying out decarbonation of CO32−-type MgAl-LDH (layered double hydroxide) using an acetate-buffer/salt solution under N2 flow, CO32−LDH was successfully converted into ClO4− and NO3−LDHs, which contain only a little residual CO32−, in one step under mild conditions. Due to the superior anion-exchangeability, they serve as suitable intermediates for the preparation of LDH hybrids.
A Notable Difference in Photoluminescent Efficiency between a Newly Synthesized Asymmetric Dinuclear Cu(I) Cyano Complex Building Unit [Cu2(CN)5]3− and a Symmetric Unit [Cu2(CN)6]4−
Authors: Fuchiwaki Junta , Nishikiori Shin-ichi 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
A new cyano-bridged Cu(I)/Cd(II) coordination polymer K[CdCu2(CN)5]·dce·3H2O (dce = 1,2-dicyanoethane) containing a novel asymmetric dinuclear Cu(I) building unit [Cu2(CN)5]3− was synthesized, and its emission intensity was very weak in contrast to very strong emission of CdCu(CN)3·hpn·2H2O (hpn = 3-hydroxypropionitrile) containing an already known symmetric building unit [Cu2(CN)6]4−.
Novel Multinuclear NiIIAuI2 and NiIIAuI3 Complexes Containing d-Penicillaminate and Bis(diphenylphosphino)methane: Rational Expansion of 8-Membered to 12-Membered Chelating Metalloring
Authors: Hashimoto Yuji , Tsuge Kiyoshi , Konno Takumi 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
A digold(I) complex, [Au2(d-Hpen-S)2(dppm)] ([1]), newly prepared from [Au2Cl2(dppm)] and d-H2pen, readily reacted with Ni2+ to give a S-bridged NiIIAuI2 trinuclear complex having an 8-membered chelating metalloring, [Au2(dppm){Ni(d-pen-N,O,S)2}] ([2]). Complex [2] was reversibly converted to a NiIIAuI3 tetranuclear complex having a 12-membered metalloring, [Au3(dppm)2{Ni(d-pen-N,O,S)2}]Cl ([3]Cl), retaining the coordination environment about a NiII center.
Surface Thiolation of MCMB to Support Sn Nanoparticles for Anode Materials of Lithium Ion Batteries
Authors: Kim Yong-Tae 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
In this study, we suggest a unique approach with which it is possible to enhance the capacity and cycle performance of composite anode materials for lithium ion batteries. We introduced surface thiol groups onto mesocarbon microbeads (MCMB), and these functional groups efficiently obstructed the agglomeration between Sn nanoparticles in the composite formation. This resulted in the high dispersion of Sn nanoparticles with very small size. Half-cell tests showed that highly dispersed Sn nanoparticles enabled us to enhance the capacity by improvement of mechanical stress tolerance in the charge/discharge process.
A Vanadium-based Chemical Oscillator
Authors: Kanamori Kan , Shirosaka Yuya , Sakai Yukie , Kanamori Toshiki , Mukai Yasuyo , Kubo Kenji , Nakajima Yu , Wada Naoki , Matsugo Seiichi , Miyashita Yoshitaro , Kustin Kenneth 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Nature abounds with examples of aperiodic functions such as hormonal, daily, and seasonal cycles and cardiac rhythms, but establishing a chemical basis of these oscillations has been difficult. Efforts to provide chemical models for the study of oscillating phenomena have focused on halogen-, sulfur-, and manganese-based systems. We show here that a vanadium-based chemical system exhibits oscillatory behavior similar to circadian and other aperiodic rhythms.
Preparation of Semiconducting Graphene-based Carbon Films from Silylated Graphite Oxide and Covalent Attachment of Dye Molecules
Authors: Matsuo Yoshiaki , Mimura Taito , Sugie Yosohiro 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Dye molecules were attached to the layers of semi-conducting graphene-based carbon film by reacting the reduced silylated graphite oxide containing amino groups with active ester of dye.
Fabrication and Photochromism of High-density Diarylethene Monolayer Immobilized on a Quartz-glass Substrate
Authors: Nishi Hiroyasu , Kobatake Seiya 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Diarylethene monolayer was fabricated on a quartz-glass substrate using a silane coupling technique. The coupling agent was easily prepared from a diarylethene with a hydroxy group and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. It was found that the chromophore was introduced in high density on the substrate and still exhibited reversible photochromism with relatively high conversion upon photoirradiation despite being constrained on the quartz-glass surface.
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Properties of Periodontal Ligament Cells From Deciduous and Permanent Teeth
Authors: Silvério Karina Gonzales , Rodrigues Thaisângela Lopes , Coletta Ricardo Dela , Benevides Luciana , Da Silva João Santana , Casati Márcio Zaffalon , Sallum Enilson Antônio , Nociti Francisco Humberto 
Published: May 2010

Background: Human postnatal stem cells have been identified in periodontal ligaments (PDLs). In this study, the in vitro biologic properties of CD105+ enriched cell subsets from PDLs harvested from deciduous (DePDL) and permanent (PePDL) teeth are comparatively assessed.Methods: PDL tissue was obtained from 12 teeth (six primary and six permanent) from which CD105+ CD34− CD45− cells were isolated by magnetic cell sorting. To identify and quantitatively compare the stem cell markers, DePDL and PePDL cells were assessed for CD166 surface antigen expression by flow cytometry, real‐time polymerase chain reaction, and immunostaining for Stro‐1 and Oct‐4, osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation, and proliferation rate by trypan blue method.Results: Magnetic cell sorting isolated cell populations containing 23.87% (± 11.98%) and 11.68% (± 6.27%) of CD105+ expressing cells from PePDL and DePDL, respectively. Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated a higher proportion of CD105+ cells coexpressing CD166 surface antigen in PePDL, whereas immunostaining and real‐time polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrated that both cell subsets expressed Stro‐1 and Oct‐4. DePDL‐CD105+ subsets were more proliferative compared to PePDL subsets, and both cell populations showed multipotential capabilities to differentiate in vitro to osteoblast/cementoblast– and adipocyte‐like cells. However, a higher expression of adipogenic‐related genes was observed in DePDL cells, whereas PePDL‐CD105+ cell subset presented a more homogeneous osteoblast/cementoblast response.Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that highly purified mesenchymal progenitor cell subsets can be obtained from the PDLs of both deciduous and permanent teeth, and further indicate phenotype dissimilarities that may have an impact on their clinical applications.
Periodontal Disease in Association With Systemic Levels of Interleukin‐18 and CXC Ligand 16 in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Catheterization
Authors: Schallhorn Rachel A. , Patel Devang N. , Chandrasekar Bysani , Mealey Brian L. 
Published: May 2010

Background: Interleukin (IL)‐18 is a proinflammatory cytokine that is present in chronically inflamed tissues; IL‐18 was positively associated with periodontitis and coronary artery disease (CAD). CXC ligand (CXCL) 16, a recently discovered chemokine, was identified in atherosclerotic lesions; its role in periodontal disease is largely unknown. This research study correlates periodontal parameters with systemic levels of IL‐18 and CXCL16.Methods: Fifty‐one patients who presented for clinically indicated coronary angiography received full‐mouth periodontal examinations. The periodontal status of patients was defined using frequency distributions of probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (AL), and bleeding on probing (BOP). Blood samples were collected during cardiac catheterization, and plasma levels of IL‐18 and CXCL16 were analyzed. The severity of CAD was determined by the presence and extent of coronary artery stenosis. Correlations between periodontal parameters, levels of inflammatory mediators, and CAD status were analyzed.Results: The extent of BOP exhibited a significant positive correlation with IL‐18 in the Spearman rank correlation analysis (P = 0.039), which indicated a correlation between periodontal inflammation and systemic IL‐18 levels. When multiple regression analysis was performed, the extent of clinical AL ≥3 mm (P = 0.045) and ≥5 mm (P = 0.024) exhibited an association with IL‐18, whereas CXCL16 was associated with clinical AL ≥5 mm (P = 0.040) and PD ≥7 mm (P = 0.047).Conclusion: A significant correlation is identified between periodontitis and systemic levels of IL‐18 and CXCL16 in patients undergoing diagnostic coronary angiography.
Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor‐Kappa B Ligand/Osteoprotegerin Ratio in Sites of Chronic Periodontitis of Subjects With Poorly and Well‐Controlled Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Santos Vanessa Renata , Lima Jadson Almeida , Gonçalves Tiago Eduardo Dias , Bastos Marta Ferreira , Figueiredo Luciene Cristina , Shibli Jamil Awad , Duarte Poliana Mendes 
Published: May 2010

Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the levels of osteoclastogenesis‐related factors (soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor‐kappa B ligand [sRANKL] and osteoprotegerin [OPG]) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) from subjects with poorly and well‐controlled type 2 diabetes and chronic periodontitis before and after periodontal therapy.Methods: Eighteen subjects with well‐controlled diabetes (glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c] levels ≤8%) and 20 subjects with poorly controlled diabetes (HbA1c levels >8%) were enrolled in this study. All subjects were submitted to non‐surgical periodontal therapy. GCF sampling and clinical periodontal parameters were assessed at baseline and 3 and 6 months post‐therapy. Total amounts and concentrations of sRANKL and OPG in GCF were analyzed by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results: Total amounts and concentrations of sRANKL and RANKL/OPG ratios were higher in poorly controlled subjects than in well‐controlled subjects at baseline and 3 and 6 months post‐therapy (P <0.05). In addition, RANKL/OPG ratios decreased in well‐controlled subjects (P <0.05) but not in poorly controlled subjects (P >0.05) at 3 months post‐therapy. Almost all clinical parameters improved significantly for both groups post‐treatment (P <0.05).Conclusion: RANKL/OPG ratios in untreated and treated periodontitis sites may be negatively influenced by poor glycemic control in subjects with type 2 diabetes.
A study of concentration boundary‐layer formation over a bed of model bivalves
Authors: O'Riordan C. A. , Monismith S. G. , koseff J. R. 
Published: May 2010

We conducted experiments in a laboratory flume to study the interaction of bivalve siphonal currents with the turbulent boundary layer, using a bed of model Tapes japonica (625 animals m−2). Refiltration of excurrent fluid, which represents a decrease in aggregate feeding efficiency, was measured for 225 siphon pairs oriented perpendicular to the cross‐flow (free stream flow) direction. Refiltration was as high as 18% and related to position in the bed, pumping rate, and siphon height of the animals, as well as the cross‐flow speed. Scaling analysis of refiltration data suggests that the velocity ratio, VR = uj/u*, where uj is the jet velocity and u* is the boundary shear velocity of the cross flow, is a good predictor of refiltration forVR > 20.Laser‐induced fluorescence was used to visualize the flow. Analysis of the height of maximum phytoplankton depletion and spreading width of the plume obtained from quantitative concentration profiles show that changes in the vertical momentum of the excurrent jet become more important in determining the phytoplankton removal efficiency as VR decreases. The hydrodynamics of this complex interaction suggest that changes in pumping rate and siphon height will improve phytoplankton removal efficiency only for animals feeding in a strong cross flow.
Field evaluation of a valved sediment trap
Authors: Peterson M. L. , Hernes P. J. , Thoreson D. S. , Ifedges J. I. , Lee C. , Wakeham S. G. 
Published: May 2010

An internally valved sediment trap designed to isolate sinking particulate matter from free‐swimming animals, temporally subsample particle flux, and minimize washout of solid and dissolved material is described. The trap is controlled by a single microprocessor capable of supporting multiple traps as well as other instrumentation on a single array. Test deployments of valved and nonvalved control traps, along with three other conventional cylindrical trap designs, were undertaken during a series of six 1‐week experiments in Dabob Bay, Washington. Treated traps containing biocide‐spiked (HgCl2 or Formalin) bottom brine layers (80‰ NaCl brine), brine layers alone, and only seawater (untreated) were deployed on multitrap arrays.Fluxes of material >850 µm in size (almost exclusively large zooplankton) caught in biocide‐ and brine‐treated valved traps were reduced by an average of 88% relative to non‐valved control traps; all other open traps collected >850‐µm fluxes equivalent to controls. The type of treatment had a significant effect on the >850‐µm mass flux, with Formalin‐treated traps >HgCl2 ∼ NaCl brine ≫ untreated. Fluxes of <850‐µm material were reduced in treated valved traps and averaged 39% less than fluxes caught in VERTEX‐style particle interceptor traps. Organic C: total N ratios were higher in material caught in valved traps than in all other types, primarily due to reduced nitrogen fluxes. Reduced fluxes of the primarily autochthonous biochemicals (pigments, amino acids, and lipids) measured by valved relative to control traps indicate significant exclusion (>80%) of zooplankton <850 µm from valved traps.