bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oral health–related quality of life – associations with oral health and conditions in Swedish 70‐year‐old individuals
Authors: Stenman Ulrika , Ahlqwist Margareta , Björkelund Cecilia , Hakeberg Magnus 
Published: June 2011

doi: 10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2011.00495.xOral health–related quality of life – associations with oral health and conditions in Swedish 70‐year‐old individualsObjective:  The aim of this study was to evaluate oral health–related quality of life (OHRQoL) in relation to different chronic oral conditions and perception of oral health among elderly individuals. Background: Health‐related quality of life is important to assess and understand the impact of different diseases and conditions on individuals’ well‐being.Material and methods:  Randomly selected 70‐year‐old individuals (N = 561) were included in this analysis. They were clinically examined and answered a questionnaire. Variables used were perceived oral health, satisfaction with appearance of teeth, problems with chewing and dry mouth, burning mouth syndrome, dental anxiety and dental visiting habits. To measure the participants′ perception of the impact of oral conditions on their well‐being, the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP‐14) was used.Results:  The OHIP‐14 distribution of sum of scores showed a floor effect but revealed acceptable psychometric properties with regard to reliability and validity. Multivariable logistic regression revealed three highly predictive variables for individuals with high OHIP‐14 scores: using dentures, having chewing problems and being dissatisfied with appearance of teeth.Conclusion:  Use of dentures, having chewing problems and being dissatisfied with appearance of teeth are associated with high OHIP‐14 sums, indicating strong influence on OHRQoL.
Edentulism and dental caries in Victorian nursing homes
Authors: Hopcraft Matthew S. , Morgan Michael V. , Satur Julie G. , Wright F. A. Clive 
Published: June 2011

doi: 10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2011.00510.xEdentulism and dental caries in Victorian nursing homesObjectives:  The aim of this project was to investigate edentulism and dental caries in nursing home residents in Victoria, Australia.Background:  The Australian population is ageing with a growing number of people living in nursing homes. These residents are at increased risk for dental caries, have more teeth present now than at any time in the past 50 years and often have difficulty maintaining adequate oral hygiene.Materials and methods:  Clinical dental examinations were conducted at 31 nursing homes in Melbourne and regional Victoria between May 2005 and June 2006. A total of 510 residents were examined out of 1345 eligible participants. Socio‐demographic and medical history was collected via questionnaire.Results:  Just over half of the residents were dentate (53.9%), and dentate residents had a mean of 14.4 teeth present and 2.66 untreated decayed teeth. Residents who required total assistance with oral hygiene had more decayed teeth and fewer filled teeth than residents who did not require assistance.Conclusions:  Nursing home residents in Victoria are retaining an increasing number of natural teeth and have more tooth surfaces at risk for dental caries. Untreated dental caries was a significant problem for residents, particularly for those who are dependent on others for their daily oral hygiene care.
Sirenomelia with a de novo balanced translocation 46,X,t(X;16)(p11.23;p12.3)
Authors: Kurosawa Kenji , Tanoshima‐Takei Miki , Yamamoto Toshiyuki , Ishikawa Hiroshi , Masuno Mitsuo , Tanaka Yukichi , Yamanaka Michiko 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACTWe report a female fetus with sirenomelia with 46,X,t(X;16)(p11.23;p12.3) de novo. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with bacterial artificial chromosomes were employed for narrowing down the breakpoint regions. On chromosome 16, the breakpoint was mapped in the region of RP11‐453F10 (19 920 640–20 118 153 bp from 16pter). On chromosome X, the breakpoint was mapped in the region of RP11‐794A15 (47 333 744–47 524 066 bp from Xpter). This is the first case report of sirenomelia associated with translocations. The abnormal phenotype, associated with a balanced translocation, was caused by deletion or breakage of dosage‐sensitive genes of the breakpoint, disruption of an imprinted gene, or uniparental disomy. Although the parental origin of normal 16 and der(16) remained undetermined, this case will provide insight into the pathogenetic mechanism of sirenomelia.
Alternations of phospholipid profile in placenta of streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rat
Authors: Hasegawa Mina , Tanaka Katsuhiro , Komori Masayuki , Takenaka Shigeo 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACTPhospholipids have important roles in many biological processes, but their role in fetal malformation in pregnancy in diabetes is unclear. Metabolic fingerprinting of placental phospholipids in pregnant streptozotocin‐induced type 1 diabetic rats was performed using Fourier transform‐ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. Some of the fetuses from the pregnant diabetic rats exhibited ventricular septal defects. Alterations of phospholipid compositions in the diabetic rat placenta were detected. We suggest that these changes in phospholipids in the diabetic placenta might be involved in development of fetal malformation in a type 1 diabetic pregnancy.
C‐Terminal extension of a plant cysteine protease modulates proteolytic activity through a partial inhibitory mechanism
Authors: Dutta Sruti , Choudhury Debi , Dattagupta Jiban K. , Biswas Sampa 
Published: June 2011

The amino acid sequence of ervatamin‐C, a thermostable cysteine protease from a tropical plant, revealed an additional 24‐amino‐acid extension at its C‐terminus (CT). The role of this extension peptide in zymogen activation, catalytic activity, folding and stability of the protease is reported. For this study, we expressed two recombinant forms of the protease in Escherichia coli, one retaining the CT‐extension and the other with it truncated. The enzyme with the extension shows autocatalytic zymogen activation at a higher pH of 8.0, whereas deletion of the extension results in a more active form of the enzyme. This CT‐extension was not found to be cleaved during autocatalysis or by limited proteolysis by different external proteases. Molecular modeling and simulation studies revealed that the CT‐extension blocks some of the substrate‐binding unprimed subsites including the specificity‐determining subsite (S2) of the enzyme and thereby partially occludes accessibility of the substrates to the active site, which also corroborates the experimental observations. The CT‐extension in the model structure shows tight packing with the catalytic domain of the enzyme, mediated by strong hydrophobic and H‐bond interactions, thus restricting accessibility of its cleavage sites to the protease itself or to the external proteases. Kinetic stability analyses (T50 and t1/2) and refolding experiments show similar thermal stability and refolding efficiency for both forms. These data suggest that the CT‐extension has an inhibitory role in the proteolytic activity of ervatamin‐C but does not have a major role either in stabilizing the enzyme or in its folding mechanism.Structured digital abstract
ErvC cleaves ErvC by protease assay (View interaction)
trypsin cleaves ErvC by protease assay (View interaction)
The KdpC subunit of the Escherichia coli K+‐transporting KdpB P‐type ATPase acts as a catalytic chaperone
Authors: Irzik Kristina , Pfrötzschner Juliane , Goss Tatjana , Ahnert Franziska , Haupt Melina , Greie Jörg‐Christian 
Published: June 2011

In Bacteria and Archaea, high‐affinity potassium uptake is mediated by the ATP‐driven KdpFABC complex. On the basis of the biochemical properties of the ATP‐hydrolyzing subunit KdpB, the transport complex is classified as type IA P‐type ATPase. However, the KdpA subunit, which promotes K+ transport, clearly resembles a potassium channel, such that the KdpFABC complex represents a chimera of ion pumps and ion channels. In the present study, we demonstrate that the blending of these two groups of transporters in KdpFABC also entails a nucleotide‐binding mechanism in which the KdpC subunit acts as a catalytic chaperone. This mechanism is found neither in P‐type ATPases nor in ion channels, although parallels are found in ABC transporters. In the latter, the ATP nucleotide is coordinated by the LSGGQ signature motif via double hydrogen bonds at a conserved glutamine residue, which is also present in KdpC. High‐affinity nucleotide binding to the KdpFABC complex was dependent on the presence of this conserved glutamine residue in KdpC. In addition, both ATP binding to KdpC and ATP hydrolysis activity of KdpFABC were sensitive to the accessibility, presence or absence of the hydroxyl groups at the ribose moiety of the nucleotide. Furthermore, the KdpC subunit was shown to interact with the nucleotide‐binding loop of KdpB in an ATP‐dependent manner around the ATP‐binding pocket, thereby increasing the ATP‐binding affinity by the formation of a transient KdpB/KdpC/ATP ternary complex.Structured digital abstract
kdpBN and kdpC bind by isothermal titration calorimetry(View interaction)
kdpBN and kdpC bind by nuclear magnetic resonance(View interaction)
Quantitative rt‐PCR holds promise as a screening tool for patients with severe sepsis
Authors: Kirkbright Shelley , Fatovich Daniel , Kee Cordelia , Kay Ian , Flexman James , Pryce Todd M , Waterer Grant W 
Published: June 2011

AbstractObjective: The aim of the present study was to determine if the quantification of bacterial 16S rDNA could be clinically useful in predicting patients at increased risk of developing septic shock.Methods: A retrospective study of patients with positive blood cultures taken on arrival to the ED. An EDTA sample was collected simultaneously with blood cultures and assayed by polymerase chain reaction to quantitate the bacterial 16S rDNA load. Descriptive and clinical data were collected from the medical record and this was blinded to the 16S rDNA result. Subsequently, the 16S rDNA result was compared with illness severity markers including septic shock and death to determine the relationship between the 16S rDNA load and illness severity.Results: 98 patients (mean age 61 ± 20 years, range 18–92) with positive blood cultures were studied, most commonly growing Escherichia coli (n= 25) and Staphylococcus aureus (n= 23). 16 (16%) died. There were 42 (43%) 16S rDNA positive patients. A high 16S rDNA load was associated with an increased risk of developing delayed septic shock (OR 21.9, 95% CI 2.5–192.6) in comparison with either a low or negative 16S rDNA load; with a mortality OR 4.6 (95% CI 0.9–23.5).Conclusions: The quantitative assay for 16S rDNA might be a useful screening tool to detect severe sepsis in those whom it might not be clinically suspected. However, prospective studies are required to further assess the clinical usefulness of this assay.
Gepirone-ER Treatment of Low Sexual Desire Associated with Depression in Women as Measured by the DeRogatis Inventory of Sexual Function (DISF) Fantasy/Cognition (Desire) Domain—A Post Hoc Analysis
Authors: Fabre Louis F. , Smith Louis C. , DeRogatis Leonard R. 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Gepirone-extended release (ER) is effective in treating hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD), as measured by the percent of females with HSDD that no longer met criteria for HSDD treatment. Another approach is to determine treatment effect on sexual desire using a recognized rating scale for sexual function. Because gepirone-ER has antidepressant and anxiolytic effects, investigation of these effects on sexual desire is appropriate.

Aim
The aim of this study was to determine whether gepirone-ER has positive effects on sexual desire as measured by the DeRogatis Inventory of Sexual Function (DISF) in a post hoc analysis of 8- and 24-week studies and if this gepirone effect is independent of its antidepressant or anxiolytic activity.

Main Outcome Measures
The main outcome measures used for this study were the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-25), change from baseline (CFB), and DISF CFB.

Methods:
Three hundred thirty-four women selected for depressive symptoms, not sexual dysfunction, received gepirone-ER (40–80 mg/day) in a controlled study of atypical depression using the HAMD-25 to measure antidepressant efficacy and a DISF subscale (domain I) to measure sexual cognition/fantasy (desire). After treatment, a 50% reduction from baseline HAMD-25 score identified antidepressant responders. Item 12 of HAMD scale (psychic anxiety) was used to define anxiolytic response scores of 0, 1 as responders, and scores of 2, 3, and 4 as nonresponders.

Results:
Gepirone-ER had no significant antidepressant or an anxiolytic effect in study 134006; however, DISF results demonstrate that gepirone-ER improves sexual desire in short term (P = 0.043) and long term (P = 0.006). Both gepirone-ER antidepressant and anxiolytic responders have statistically significant improved sexual desire. Gepirone-ER antidepressant and anxiolytic nonresponders also show statistically significant improvement.

Conclusions
In depressed women, gepirone-ER has three mechanisms of action affecting sexual desire: an antidepressant effect, an anxiolytic effect, and a pro-sexual effect. Gepirone-ER improves sexual desire from the 24th to the 50th percentile according to population norms for the DISF.
Impact of Systemically Active Neurohumoral Factors on the Erectile Response of the Rat
Authors: MacKenzie Lindsay D. , Heaton Jeremy P.W. , Adams Michael A. 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and specific regulation of penile blood flow are the primary determinants of an erection. While this concept is well recognized, the differential relationship between systemically acting vasoactive factors on arterial pressure and erectile responses is not well described.

Aim
The aim of this study was to determine how the modification of systemic levels of neurohumoral factors impacts on the magnitude and efficiency of the erectile response.

Main Outcome Measures
The main outcome measures for this study are changes in MAP and intracavernosal pressure (ICP) following electrostimulation of the cavernous nerve.

Methods
Anesthetized adult, male Sprague-Dawley rats were catheterized for measuring MAP (carotid), ICP, and drug administration (vena cava). Erections were induced via cavernous nerve electrostimulation. Vasoactive drug infusions were used to produce changes in MAP levels including: hexamethonium, angiotensin II (ANGII) ± hexamethonium, methoxamine ± hexamethonium, losartan, MAHMA NONOate, and terbutaline.

Results
In general, ICP and MAP were linearly correlated regardless of treatment. Hexamethonium markedly dropped MAP and proportionately decreased the magnitude of the erectile response. ANGII or methoxamine given to hexamethonium-pretreated or untreated rats increased MAP similarly, but produced contrasting effects on erectile responses. ANGII-induced pressor responses were associated with increased erectile responses whereas all methoxamine treatments markedly decreased erectile responses. Depressor changes with losartan or terbutaline, but not MAHMA NONOate, also impacted negatively on the efficiency of the erectile responses at lower arterial pressures.

Conclusions
In general, the magnitude of the erectile responses was found to be dependent upon the level of MAP, although the mechanism by which arterial pressure was changed impacted substantially on the characteristics of the relationship. The major finding was that circulation-wide α-adrenoceptor stimulation was extremely deleterious to erectile responses whereas global stimulation of ANG II receptors was actually proerectile. Overall, the results indicate that neurohumoral specificity in systemic hemodynamic control is also critical in establishing the optimal erectile environment in rats.
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of Once-A-Day Tadalafil in Men with Erectile Dysfunction Who Are Naïve to PDE5 Inhibitors
Authors: Montorsi Francesco , Aversa Antonio , Moncada Ignacio , Perimenis Petros , Porst Hartmut , Barker Clare , Shane Michael A. , Sorsaburu Sebastian 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The majority of subjects included in previous tadalafil once-a-day clinical trials were non-naïve to previous phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors on demand. A study on PDE5 inhibitor naïve subjects was therefore warranted.

Aim
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of once-a-day tadalafil in PDE5 inhibitor-naïve men with erectile dysfunction (ED).

Main Outcomes Measures
Primary efficacy end points were changes from baseline to end point in the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) Erectile Function (EF) domain score and the per-subject proportion of “yes” responses to sexual encounter profile (SEP) question 2 (SEP2) and question 3 (SEP3).

Methods
PDE5 inhibitor-naïve men with ED (N = 217) were randomized in a 1:2 ratio to receive placebo or tadalafil 5 mg once a day for 12 weeks. Enrollment began in January 2009 and the last subject completed in January 2010.

Results
At end point, least square mean change from baseline IIEF-EF domain score (7.3 vs. 3.4), SEP2 (23.8% vs. 12.2%) and SEP3 (39.5% vs. 21.5%), was significantly larger for tadalafil vs. placebo (all P &lt; 0.001). The most common adverse events (AEs) in tadalafil-treated subjects were back pain, nasopharyngitis, dyspepsia, headache, and myalgia. Four subjects (2.7%) in the tadalafil group and one subject (1.4%) in the placebo group discontinued because of AEs.

Conclusions
In PDE5 inhibitor-naïve men, tadalafil once a day significantly improved EF compared with placebo. Safety results were consistent with previous tadalafil once-a-day clinical trials.
Surgical Option for the Correction of Peyronie's Disease: An Autologous Tissue-Engineered Endothelialized Graft
Authors: Imbeault Annie , Bernard Geneviève , Ouellet Gabrielle , Bouhout Sara , Carrier Serge , Bolduc Stéphane 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Surgical treatment is indicated in severe cases of Peyronie's disease. Incision of the plaque with subsequent graft material implantation is the option of choice. Ideal graft tissue is not yet available.

Aim
To evaluate the use of an autologous tissue-engineered endothelialized graft by the self-assembly method, for tunica albuginea (TA) reconstruction in Peyronie's disease.

Methods
Two TA models were created. Human fibroblasts were isolated from a skin biopsy and cultured in vitro until formation of fibroblast sheets. After 4 weeks of maturation, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were seeded on fibroblasts sheets and wrapped around a tubular support to form a cylinder of about 10 layers. After 21 days of tube maturation, HUVEC were seeded into the lumen of the fibroblast tubes for the endothelialized tunica albuginea (ETA). No HUVEC were seeded into the lumen for the TA model. Both constructs were placed under perfusion in a bioreactor for 1 week.

Main Outcome Measures
Histology, immunohistochemistry, and burst pressure were performed to characterize mature tubular graft. Animal manipulations were also performed to demonstrate the impact of endothelial cells in vivo.

Results
Histology showed uniform multilayered fibroblasts. Extracellular matrix, produced entirely by fibroblasts, presented a good staining for collagen 1. Some elastin fibers were also present. For the TA model, anti-human von Willebrand antibody revealed the endothelial cells forming capillary-like structures. TA model reached a burst pressure of 584 mm Hg and ETA model obtained a burst pressure of 719 mm Hg.

Conclusions
This tissue-engineered endothelialized tubular graft is structurally similar to normal TA and presents an adequate mechanical resistance. The self-assembly method used and the autologous property of this model could represent an advantage comparatively to other available grafts. Further evaluation including functional testing will be necessary to characterize in vivo implantation and behavior of the graft.
Neural Bases of Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder in Women: An Event-Related fMRI Study
Authors: Bianchi-Demicheli Francesco , Cojan Yann , Waber Lakshmi , Recordon Nathalie , Vuilleumier Patrik , Ortigue Stephanie 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Although there is an abundant debate regarding the mechanisms sustaining one of the most common sexual complaints among women, i.e., female hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD), little remains known about the specific neural bases of this disorder.

Aim
The main goal of this study was to determine whether women with HSDD showed differential patterns of activation within the brain network that is active for sexual desire in subjects without HSDD.

Methods
A total of 28 right-handed women participated in this study (mean age 31.1 ± 7.02 years). Thirteen out of the 28 women had HSDD (HSDD participants), while 15 women reported no hypoactive sexual desire disorder (NHSDD participants). Using event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we compared the regional cerebral blood flow responses between these two groups of participants, while they were looking at erotic vs. non-erotic stimuli.

Main Outcome Measure
Blood-oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) signal changes in response to erotic stimuli (compared with non-erotic stimuli). Statistical Parametric Mapping was used to identify brain regions that demonstrated significant differential activations between stimuli and between groups.

Results
As expected, behavioral results showed that NHSDD participants rated erotic stimuli significantly higher than HSDD participants did on a 10-point desirable scale. No rating difference was observed for the non-erotic stimuli between NHSDD and HSDD participants. Our functional neuroimaging results extended these data by demonstrating two distinct types of neural changes in participants with and without HSDD. In comparison with HSDD participants, participants without HSDD demonstrated more activation in brain areas involved in the processing of erotic stimuli, including intraparietal sulcus, dorsal anterior cingulate gyrus, and ento/perirhinal region. Interestingly, HSDD participants also showed additional activations in brain areas associated with higher order social and cognitive functions, such as inferior parietal lobule, inferior frontal gyrus, and posterior medial occipital gyrus.

Conclusion
Together, these findings indicate that HSDD participants do not only show a hypo activation in brain areas mediating sexual desire, but also a different brain network of hyper activation, which might reflect differences in subjective, social, and cognitive interpretations of erotic stimuli. Collectively, these data are in line with the incentive motivation model of sexual functioning.
A quasi-radial stability criterion for rotating relativistic stars
Authors: Takami Kentaro , Rezzolla Luciano , Yoshida Shin’ichirou 
Published: June 2011

Abstract
The stability properties of relativistic stars against gravitational collapse to black holes is a classical problem in general relativity. In 1988, a sufficient criterion for secular instability was established by Friedman, Ipser & Sorkin, who proved that a sequence of uniformly rotating barotropic stars are secularly unstable on one side of a turning point and then argued that a stronger result should hold: that the sequence should be stable on the opposite side, with the turning point marking the onset of secular instability. We show here that this expectation is not met. By computing in full general relativity the F-mode frequency for a large number of rotating stars, we show that the neutral-stability point, that is, where the frequency becomes zero, differs from the turning point for rotating stars. Using numerical simulations, we validate that the new criterion can be used to assess the dynamical stability of relativistic rotating stars.