bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of Inflammatory Biomarkers in Mediating Causal Effect of Life Course Body Composition on Hypertension
Authors: Fu Liwan , Li Yan , Cheng Hong , Xiong Jingfan , Xiao Pei , Dong Hongbo , Shan Xinying , Li Yanyan , Mi Jie 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND:
The mediating role of inflammatory biomarkers in the causal relationship between body composition and hypertension remains unclear and requires further investigation.

METHODS:
This study used a combination of retrospective observational analysis and Mendelian randomization approaches. Observational data were derived from 4717 Chinese children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years who underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry to assess body composition. Mendelian randomization analyses utilized summary statistics from large-scale data sets, including UK Biobank, deCODE2021, International Consortium of Blood Pressure, FinnGen, and other consortia. The inflammatory biomarkers included leptin, insulin, adiponectin, osteocalcin, FGF23 (fibroblast growth factor 23), and PTH (parathyroid hormone).

RESULTS:

The observational analysis revealed that increased fat mass positively influenced diastolic blood pressure through osteocalcin, while fat-free mass had an inverse effect. Insulin mediated the association between fat mass and systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and hypertension, with additional indirect effects observed for PTH (all
P
<0.05). The Mendelian randomization analyses demonstrated a causal relationship between childhood body mass index and hypertension mediated by insulin (indirect effect: odds ratio, 0.87 [95% CI, 0.78–0.97]) and adiponectin (odds ratio, 1.13 [95% CI, 1.04–1.23]). Adiponectin mediated the effects of fat-free mass (odds ratio, 0.81 [95% CI, 0.71–0.93]) and fat mass (odds ratio, 1.30 [95% CI, 1.11–1.51]) on hypertension. Leptin, adiponectin, and insulin also mediated the causal effects of body composition on systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and hypertension.

CONCLUSIONS:
These findings indicate that body composition influences blood pressure through distinct inflammatory biomarkers. Targeting inflammatory biomarkers may provide tailored strategies for managing body composition and hypertension.
New Readings in 4Q111 (4QLama) 3 3–7
Authors: Reymond Eric 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This contribution proposes several new readings in 4Q111, seeking to present the text on its own terms, not from the perspective of the Masoretic Text or of a hypothetical original form. With this orientation, it becomes easier to make sense of several readings as well as other seemingly incoherent and/or unexpected words and phrases.
Liu Yong’s Ci and the New Development of Capital Literary Discourse in the “Making” of Bianjing
Authors: Xie Yan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The classical Chinese poetry composed in the ci form by Liu Yong 柳永 holds a significant place in the history of “capital literature.” Liu’s ci encompass verses written at the behest of the emperor, lauding the emperor, and also vivid depictions of life in Bianjing 汴京, the capital of the Northern Song dynasty. While Liu’s portrayal of Bianjing may lack novelty in terms of basic themes and content, his structural skills shine through in his creative and charming descriptions of minutia such as the weather and walking. In contrast to poetry and prose from the Han through Tang dynasties, Liu’s ci do not focus on the spatial characteristics of the capital city, but rather emphasizes the passage of time and sensory experiences. This focus suggests a change in his perception of the capital city, transitioning from a representation of authority to an expression of customs and shared enjoyment between the emperor and the people. Through his creation of a discourse system for capital city poetry, Liu profoundly influenced subsequent poets and popular literature. Analyzing Liu’s ci and capital literature through the lens of a discourse system allows us to appreciate the subjectivity and agency of literature as it both originates from the capital city and allows the city to thrive.
Fatima-GB: Searching Clarity within Marine Fog
Authors: Fernando H.J.S. , Dorman C. , Pardyjak E. , Shen L. , Wang Q. , Creegan E. , Gaberšek S. , Gultepe I. , Hoch S. , Lenain L. , Richter D. , Chang R. , VandenBoer T.C. , Bardoel S. , Barve A. , Blomquist B. , Bullock T. , Chen Z. , Colosi L. , Coppersmith R.S. , Crawford I. , Crilley L.R. , Dimitrova R. , Dowling A. , Eleuterio D. , Fiorino S. , Gallagher M. , Gapp N. , Giacosa G. , Grachev A. , Grare L. , Hintz T. , Hocut C. , Huang K.Y. , Hyde O. , Keefer K. , Ortiz-Suslow D.G. , Perelet A. , Perrie W. , Ruiz-Plancarte J. , Salehpoor L. , Singh D. , Statom N. , Taylor P. , Wang S. , Yamaguchi R. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Fog constitutes a thick, opaque blanket of air hugging the Earth’s surface, laden with small water droplets or ice crystals. Fog disrupts transportation, poses security threats, disorients human perception and impacts communications and ecosystems. Collusion of atmospheric, terrestrial and hydrologic processes produces fog droplets that pullulate over hygroscopic aerosols that act as condensation nuclei. Marine fog is particularly complex, since underlying dynamic, thermodynamic and (bio)physicochemical processes span fifteen decades of spatial scales, from megameter-sized synoptic weather systems to nanometer-scale bioaerosols. This paper overviews the first international field campaign (Fatima-GB) of the project dubbed Fatima (Fog and turbulence interactions in the marine atmosphere) conducted during 01-31 July, 2022 in the Grand Banks region of North Atlantic. Therein, weather systems and commingling cold and warm oceanic waters provide entrée for fog genesis. Measurement platforms included an islet southwest of Nova Scotia (Sable Island), a research vessel (Atlantic Condor), an offshore Oil Platform and autonomous surface vehicles. The instrument array comprised of extant remote and in-situ sensors augmented by novel sensing systems prototyped and deployed in marine fog to penetrate the smallest scales of turbulence, examine aerosols, and quantify radiation budget. The comprehensive data set so gathered, together with satellite and reanalysis products, mesoscale-model and large-eddy simulations demonstrated that the long-held hypotheses of marine fog formation by warm air advection over colder water and in areas of enhanced (shelf) turbulence need to be revisited. The study also elicited new phenomena, for example, the Fog Shadow (clearings of fog downstream of islands).
Likelihood Systems Can Improve Hit Rates in Low-Prevalence Visual Search Over Binary Systems
Authors: Rieger Tobias , Marx Benita , Manzey Dietrich 
Published: February 2025

Objective To study the performance consequences of binary versus likelihood decision support systems in low-prevalence visual search. Background Hit rates in visual search are often low if target prevalence is low, an issue that is relevant for numerous real-world visual search tasks (e.g., luggage screening and medical imaging). Given that binary decision support systems produce many false alarms at low prevalence, they have often been discounted as a solution to this low-prevalence problem. By offering additional information about the certainty of target-present indications through splitting these into warnings and alarms, likelihood-based systems could potentially boost hit rates without raising the number of false alarms. Method We used a simulated medical search task with low target prevalence in a paradigm where participants sequentially uncovered parts of the stimulus with their mouse. In two sessions, participants completed the task either while being supported by a binary or a likelihood system. Results Hit rates were higher when interacting with the likelihood systems than with the binary system, at no cost of higher false alarms. Conclusion Likelihood systems are a promising way to tackle the low-prevalence problem, and might further be an effective means to make systems more transparent. Application Simple-to-process information about system certainty for each case might be a solution to low hit rates in domains with low target prevalence, such as radiology.
Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging-derived radiomics for the prediction of Ki67 expression in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Wang Qing , Wang Chen , Qian Xianling , Qian Baoxin , Ma Xijuan , Yang Chun , Shi Yibing 
Published: February 2025

Background Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is an aggressive liver malignancy, and Ki67 is associated with prognosis in patients with ICC and is an attractive therapeutic target. Purpose To predict Ki67 expression based on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) radiomics multiscale tumor region in patients with ICC. Material and Methods A total of 191 patients (training cohort, n = 133; validation cohort, n = 58) with pathologically confirmed ICC were enrolled in this retrospective study. All patients underwent baseline abdominal MR scans in our institution. Univariate logistic analysis was conducted of the correlation between clinical and MRI characteristics and Ki67 expression. Radiomics features were extracted from the image of six MRI sequences (T1-weighted imaging, fat-suppression T2-weighted imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging, and 3-phases contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging sequences). Using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) to select Ki67-related radiomics features in four different tumor volumes (VOItumor, VOI+8mm, VOI+10mm, VOI+12mm). The Rad-score was calculated with logistic regression, and models for prediction of Ki67 expression were constructed. The receiver operating curve was used to analyze the predictive performance of each model. Results Clinical and regular MRI characteristics were independent of Ki67 expression. Four Rad-scores all showed favorable prediction efficiency in both the training and validation cohorts (AUC = 0.849–0.912 vs. 0.789–0.838). DeLong’s test showed that there was no significant difference between the AUC of the radiomics scores, while the Rad-score (VOI+10mm) performed the most stable predictive efficiency with △AUC 0.033. Conclusion Multiparametric MRI radiomics based on multiscale tumor regions can help predict the expression status of Ki67 in ICC patients.
Ultrasound and advanced imaging techniques in prostate cancer diagnosis: A comparative study of mpMRI, TRUS, and PET/CT
Authors: Dong Ying , Wang Peng , Geng Hua , Liu Yankun , Wang Enguo 
Published: February 2025

Objective This study aims to assess and compare the diagnostic performance of three advanced imaging modalities—multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI), transrectal ultrasound (TRUS), and positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT)—in detecting prostate cancer in patients with elevated PSA levels and abnormal DRE findings. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 150 male patients aged 50–75 years with elevated PSA and abnormal DRE. The diagnostic accuracy of each modality was assessed through sensitivity, specificity, and the area under the curve (AUC) to compare performance in detecting clinically significant prostate cancer (Gleason score ≥ 7). Results MpMRI demonstrated the highest diagnostic performance, with a sensitivity of 90%, specificity of 85%, and AUC of 0.92, outperforming both TRUS (sensitivity 76%, specificity 78%, AUC 0.77) and PET/CT (sensitivity 82%, specificity 80%, AUC 0.81). MpMRI detected clinically significant tumors in 80% of cases. Although TRUS and PET/CT had similar detection rates for significant tumors, their overall accuracy was lower. Minor adverse events occurred in 5% of patients undergoing TRUS, while no significant complications were associated with mpMRI or PET/CT. Conclusion These findings suggest that mpMRI is the most reliable imaging modality for early detection of clinically significant prostate cancer. It reduces the need for unnecessary biopsies and optimizes patient management.
DR-ConvNeXt: DR classification method for reconstructing ConvNeXt model structure
Authors: Song Pengfei , Wu Yun 
Published: February 2025

Background Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major complication of diabetes and a leading cause of blindness among the working-age population. However, the complex distribution and variability of lesion characteristics within the dataset present significant challenges for achieving high-precision classification of DR images. Objective We propose an automatic classification method for DR images, named DR-ConvNeXt, which aims to achieve accurate diagnosis of lesion types. Methods The method involves designing a dual-branch addition convolution structure and appropriately increasing the number of stacked ConvNeXt Block convolution layers. Additionally, a unique primary-auxiliary loss function is introduced, contributing to a significant enhancement in DR classification accuracy within the DR-ConvNeXt model. Results The model achieved an accuracy of 91.8%,sensitivity of 81.6%, and specificity of 97.9% on the APTOS dataset. On the Messidor-2 dataset, the model achieved an accuracy of 83.6%, sensitivity of 74.0%, and specificity of 94.6%. Conclusions The DR-ConvNeXt model's classification results on the two publicly available datasets illustrate the significant advantages in all evaluation indexes for DR classification.
Bayesian mixture models for phylogenetic source attribution from consensus sequences and time since infection estimates
Authors: Blenkinsop Alexandra , Sofocleous Lysandros , Di Lauro Francesco , Kostaki Evangelia Georgia , van Sighem Ard , Bezemer Daniela , van de Laar Thijs , Reiss Peter , de Bree Godelieve , Pantazis Nikos , Ratmann Oliver ,   on behalf of the HIV Transmission Elimination Amsterdam (H-TEAM) Consortium
Published: February 2025

In stopping the spread of infectious diseases, pathogen genomic data can be used to reconstruct transmission events and characterize population-level sources of infection. Most approaches for identifying transmission pairs do not account for the time passing since the divergence of pathogen variants in individuals, which is problematic in viruses with high within-host evolutionary rates. This prompted us to consider possible transmission pairs in terms of phylogenetic data and additional estimates of time since infection derived from clinical biomarkers. We develop Bayesian mixture models with an evolutionary clock as a signal component and additional mixed effects or covariate random functions describing the mixing weights to classify potential pairs into likely and unlikely transmission pairs. We demonstrate that although sources cannot be identified at the individual level with certainty, even with the additional data on time elapsed, inferences into the population-level sources of transmission are possible, and more accurate than using only phylogenetic data without time since infection estimates. We apply the proposed approach to estimate age-specific sources of HIV infection in Amsterdam tranamission networks among men who have sex with men between 2010 and 2021. This study demonstrates that infection time estimates provide informative data to characterize transmission sources, and shows how phylogenetic source attribution can then be done with multi-dimensional mixture models.
Scapular asymmetry in patients with cervical disc herniation
Authors: Dursun Ömer , Dincer Erhan , Reyhanlı Gökmen 
Published: February 2025

Background The fact that scapular asymmetry and cervical disc herniation share similar findings (e.g. forward head posture, neck pain) necessitates the assessment of scapular asymmetry in cervical disc herniation. Objective This comparative cross-sectional study sought to evaluate scapular asymmetry in cervical disc herniation. Methods The study involved 114 participants, split evenly between those diagnosed with cervical disc herniation and healthy individuals. Neck and interscapular pain were assessed using a numerical rating scale. Mechanosensitivity in the upper trapezius and suboccipital muscle insertion was measured bilaterally with an analog algometer. Forward head posture was assessed by determining the craniocervical angle. Cervical range of motion was evaluated using a goniometer, while scapular asymmetry was tested using the lateral scapular slide test. Upper trapezius tightness was visually evaluated, and pectoralis minor length was measured using a plastic angle ruler. Results Scapular asymmetry ratio was significantly higher in patients with cervical disc herniation (p < .05). The study group demonstrated significantly greater mechanosensitivity and limited cervical range of motion (p < .05). Neck and interscapular pain were more prominent in the study group. Pectoralis minor length, upper trapezius tightness, and craniocervical angle were similar in both groups (p > .05). Conclusions Scapular asymmetry is more prevalent in cervical disc herniation.
Moderate Hypofractionated Post-Prostatectomy Radiotherapy (MYSTERY) Versus Conventionally Fractionated Post-Prostatectomy Radiotherapy (COPORT) for the Patients With Localized Prostate Cancer: The Protocol of a Prospective, Randomized Trial
Authors: Liang Yiyin , Zhang Weiwei , Zhao Xianzhi , Zhang Huojun 
Published: February 2025

Introduction A few studies have examined whether the safety and efficacy of moderate hypofractionated post-prostatectomy radiotherapy (moderate HYPORT, also called MYSTERY) are equal to those of conventionally fractionated post-prostatectomy radiotherapy (COPORT) in patients with localized prostate cancer. Therefore, this study aims to compare the safety and efficacy of MYSTERY and COPORT in patients with postoperative prostate cancer. Methods and analysis This study is a prospective, single-center, open-label, randomized controlled clinical trial. Patients with localized prostate cancer will be randomly allocated to receive COPORT (66-74 Gy at 2 Gy per fraction) or MYSTERY (57.5-65 Gy at 2.5 Gy per fraction). The primary outcomes are radiotherapy-related gastrointestinal and genitourinary adverse events. Secondary outcomes include progression-free survival, quality of life, medical expenses, and overall survival.
Quality of Life and Associated Factors Among Family/Caregivers of Pediatric Patients Treated for Cancer at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital: Institution-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Negash Zenebe , Kinfe Eden M. , Zerihun Urji , Fentie Atalay M. 
Published: February 2025

Background Pediatric cancer significantly affects the quality of life (QOL) of patients and their families/caregivers particularly in low-income countries where there is scarcity of resources. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the QOL and associated factors among family/caregivers of pediatric patients treated for cancer at Tikur Anbassa Specialized Hospital (TASH), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Method An institution-based cross-sectional study design was used to collect information from family/caregivers who were present in the pediatric oncology unit at TASH from January 2, 2023 to May 30, 2023. The validated Amharic version of the caregiver oncology quality of life questionnaire (CarGOQOL) was used to collect the data. A random sampling technique was applied to select the study participants. The descriptive and regression analysis were conducted using statistical software SPSS version 27.0. Results A total of 350 family/caregivers answered the questionnaire. The overall response rate was 82.7%, and about 55% of the respondents were women. Among the participants, under-35 age made up the majority (60.9%). About 81% of family/caregivers were parents, and 77.7% of family/caregivers were married. More than half of the participants have at least a secondary level education. In addition, about two-thirds of the participants (63%) live in rural areas. Furthermore, more than half of the participants generate less than $17.86 per month. Nearly fifty percent of family/caregivers of pediatric cancer patients had poor QOL. The finding showed that widowed family/caregivers (AOR:5.59, 95%CI: 1.12, 27.79, P-value: 0.03) had poor QOL as compared to married, and those with a monthly income of between $17.87- $89.29 were less likely to have poor QOL compared to those with an income below <$17.87 ( P-value: 0.01). Conclusion In the current study, poor QOL was high among family/caregivers of pediatric cancer patients. Being widowed and lowest income were significantly associated with the QOL of the caregivers of pediatric patients with cancer.
Role of anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL10) in patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Abdulsatar Duaa Mohammed , Fahad Hayfaa Mahmood , Hatif Sahar Taha , Awad Al-Nuaimi Zaid Jaafar 
Published: February 2025

Background Anti-inflammatory cytokines is thought to influence the onset and course of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Particular cytokines include Interleukin-10 (IL-10), which is usually considered anti-inflammatory. Objectives The current study designed to determine the activity of the IL10 and their roles in chronic kidney disease. Methods This research is done, forty- five blood samples were collected from patients with chronic kidney disease and 42 volunteers. A sandwich ELISA was used to estimate the serum levels of human Interleukin-10. Results The mean age among patient groups (males, females) it was 47.40 ± 2.96 and 62.64 ± 14.46 years, respectively. While the control groups (males, females) were 40.97 ± 1.67 and 45.25 ± 7.13 years (p > 0.05). Of the 45 patients, 20 (44.4%) were males, 25 (55.6%) females. The resulted data showed that there are no significant (p > 0.05) for the total of the mean of human IL-10 between patients and control, respectively, where the mean level of IL10 in males was 190.10 ± 15.07& 154.18 ± 8.77 (p < 0.05) respectively and 142.22 ± 12.43 & 117.04 ± 14.66 in females, but not significantly (p > 0.05), and revealed an highly increased significant in this marker during the course of the chronic kidney disease in males more than females in patients (p < 0.05). Conclusion Can conclude from this study that decreased anti-inflammatory cytokine IL10 likely affects CKD progression and prognosis in females specifically.