bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HLA Antigens and E‐Rosettes in Tetanus Patients
Authors: Bale Uma M. , Mehta M. M. , Contractor Nafisa M. , Bhatia H. M. , Dastur F. D. 
Published: July 2010

One‐hundred‐and‐fifty‐four tetanus patients and 118 normal persons were typed for 27 HLA antigens of A and B loci. There was no significant difference in the frequency of any of these antigens between the normal controls and the tetanus patients. Classification of the patients into mild, moderate and severe also did not show any significant deviation in the frequency of HLA antigens from the controls.Percentage E‐rosettes in normal individuals showed lower values among a low socioeconomic group. The values for E‐rosettes among tetanus patients were similar to those observed in low socioeconomic normal individuals.The distribution of ABO and Rho (D) groups among the tetanus patients were not significantly different from the fequencies in the normal population.
Generation of HLA‐D Specific Primed Lymphocyte Typing (PLT) Cells and Cross‐Reactions of PLT‐Cells Primed with Homozygous Typing Cells
Authors: Morling N. , Platz P. , Ryder L. P. , Svejgaard A. , Thomsen M. 
Published: July 2010

An approach for the selection of HLA‐D specific primed lymphocyte typing (PLT) cells is described. The responder cells were primed with homozygous typing cells. Reproducible extra reactions were found and were analyzed in relation to HLA‐D antigens defined by homozygous typing cells (HTC's).The secondary response of 105 different PLT‐cell combinations generated by 29 different primary responders against 19 different homozygous typing cells of the specificities Dwl to Dw8 and the local specificity “H” were tested in secondary PLT toward 17 different homozygous typing cells and 10 heterozygous cells.Cross‐reactions were defined as reactions equal to or higher than die lowest HLA‐D specific reaction observed. The entire experimental design and data analysis gave rise to a conservative definition of cross‐reactivity.Two main groups of cross‐reacting HLA‐D determinants seem to exist: (i) Dwl, 3, 4, 7, and the local specificity “H”, and (ii) Dw2, 5, 6, 8, and “H”. The primary pairwise cross reactions were in group (i): Dwl‐3, Dwl‐“H”, Dw3–4, Dw3–7, Dw7‐“H”, and in group (ii): Dw2–6, Dw2–8, Dw5–8, and Dw5‐“H”.The existence of such cross‐reactions is likely to interfere with the results of PLT‐typing and should be taken into account when attempts are made to develop HLA‐D specific PLT‐cells.
Screening and Use of High Titered Anti–HLA–DR Sera in PHA‐Blast Complement Fixation and B‐Lymphocytotoxicity Techniques
Authors: Lepage V. , Gaudy Y. , Terrier E. , Dausset J. , Colombani J. 
Published: July 2010

Screening for anti‐HLA‐DR sera was performed by complement fixation on PHA stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes (PHA‐CF), or cultured B lymphoid cell lines. Out of 1,350 sera from multiparous women, multitransfused patients, and patients transfused during extra‐corporal circulation (ECC), 219 contained anti‐HLA‐DR activity (16.2%). Anti‐HLA‐DR antibodies developed after ECC were often high titered (1:10 to 1:100). In half of these sera anti‐HLA‐A, B antibodies were weak or absent, making it possible to use them as anti‐HLA‐DR reagents without platelet absorption. Of the 219 positive sera 51 contained defined anti‐DR antibodies (20 monospecific and 31 bi‐or multispecific). The 13 best sera recognized DR1 to DR7 specificities with r values from 0.83 to 1.Twenty‐four sera selected by CF were also studied by lymphocytotoxicity technique against peripheral blood B lymphocytes (B‐LCT). Both PHA‐CF and B‐LCT techniques gave similar results, detecting the same specificities and showing comparable sensitivity.The advantages of CF are: easy storage of target cells at −80°C or +4°C, and fast reading. For these reasons PHA‐CF or CF on cultured B lymphoid cell lines can be proposed for large scale screening of anti‐HLA‐DR sera. The sera thus screened can be used for HLA‐DR typing either by PHA‐CF or B‐LCT.
Association of Pernicious Anemia and Intrinsic Factor Antibody with HLA–D
Authors: Thomsen M. , Jørgensen F. , Brandsborg M. , Gimsing P. , Nielsen J. Lanng , Ryder L. P. , Svejgaard A. 
Published: July 2010

One‐hundred‐and‐six patients with pernicious anemia were HLA–A, B, C typed by serological technique and HLA–D typed by mixed lymphocyte culture technique for the specificities HLA–Dw1–8 and the locally defined D“H”. In 13 cases, the D‐typing was unsuccessful due to technical difficulties.HLA–A, B, C antigen frequencies did not show any significant deviation from expected values, while D typing showed increased frequencies of Dw2 and Dw5 and a possibly decreased frequency of Dw3.The typing was compared with clinical data such as the presence of organ specific autoimmune disease in first degree relatives, presence of anemia or myelopathy at time of diagnosis and presence of antibodies towards parietal cells or intrinsic factor.The presence of intrinsic factor antibody was associated with the presence of Dw2 and a decrease of Dw5 and possibly also with a decrease of Dw4. No associations were found for the other investigated parameters. If intrinsic factor antibodies have a pathogenetic role, our findings might reflect a heterogeneity of pernicious anemia.These findings and the recently reported association between HLA‐DR5 and Hashimoto's disease link these two thyrogastric diseases together to form a special subgroup within the group of organspecific autoimmune diseases; the other diseases in the group have as a common denominator the frequent presence of D/DR3.
HLA in a Selective Aldosterone Biosynthetic Defect due to Type 2 Corticosterone Methyl‐Oxidase Deficiency
Authors: Brautbar Chaim , Theodor Rachel , Sack Joseph , Levene Cyril , Dupont Bo , Levine Lenore S. , Sharon Raphael , Smaller Shoshana , Cohen Tirza , Rösler Ariel 
Published: July 2010

HLA phenotypes were studied in nine Jewish families, originating from Iran, with 18 individuals affected with a selective aldosterone biosynthetic defect and 12 healthy siblings. This disorder is inherited through an autosomal recessive gene and parents were consanguineously related in eight out of nine sibships.Family analysis showed that 18 affected individuals carried 20 different haplotypes and only two patients were homozygous for a haplotype. Yet a peak lod score of 1.128 was obtained for the recombinant fraction of 0.05 and thus linkage to HLA cannot be ruled out.
Assessment of the specificity of human Iaalloantisera and alloantigens by the use of radioiodinated human Ia antigens
Authors: TANIGAKI NOBUYUKI , TOSI ROBERTO 
Published: July 2010

A method for preparing radiolabelled human Ia antigens and a utilization of the labelled antigens in defining the la specificity of antigens and antisera are presented.The standard preparation procedure involves solubilization with Renex 30 (a non‐ionic detergent), purification by gel filtration and lectin‐affinity chromatography, and radioiodination, and yields an Ia preparation with immunological purity of 48–62%.The basic procedure for defining the Ia specificity of antisera is a direct binding assay: it allows to react a given antiserum with a panel of labelled la preparations of different specificities and measures the extent of binding by the double antibody technique. The major or putative specificity can be deduced from the reaction pattern. The specificity can be further evaluated by a sequential binding test or a binding inhibition test.The Ia tissue typing is performed by the binding inhibition assay: it measures the ability of test tissues to inhibit the binding of a reference labelled Ia preparation with a reference Ia antiserum. This assay permits Ia typing with unseparated blood leukocytes of 2 to 3 × 1057. These radioimmunoassay procedures can offer a solution to problems involved in human Ia serology.
Detection, isolation and characterization of cell free HLA A and B antigens from human amniotic fluid
Authors: DEH M. E. , KLOUDA P. T. , LEVINE M. , HARRIS R. , DONNAI P. 
Published: July 2010

Cell‐free HLA A and B antigens, paternal and maternal, have been detected in human amniotic fluids obtained from women at 16‐18 weeks’gestation. Fractionation of amniotic fluid samples on sephadex showed that HLA A and B antigen activity was mainly in the 40,000 to 70,000 mol. wt. fractions. Lentil lectin sepharose 4B affinity chromatography of 30,000 to 70,000 sephadex molecular weight fraction of amniotic fluids isolated proteins which gave 2 bands, M and N, on discontinuous polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (disc PAGE without SDS). SDS disc PAGE of the LcH bound glycoproteins recovered from amniotic fluids indicated 4 main protein bands approximately 12,900, 32,000, 52,600 and 78,500 mol. wt. Schiff's stain of the SDS gels showed that all the proteins except the 12,900 mol. wt. polypeptide contained carbohydrate.It was suggested that the 12,900 and 32,000 mol. wt. proteins obtained on disc PAGE gels represented the 2 subunits of the HLA A and B antigen molecule, i.e., β2,‐microglobulin and the allospecific heavy chains, similar to the papain‐solubilized moiety of membrane antigens. In the absence of SDS the 2 polypeptides migrate in polyacrylamide gels as l protein band M, representing the intact (undissociated) antigen molecules. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assays were proposed for the estimation of cell‐free HLA antigens.
Influence of HLA‐D/DR antigen disparity in CTL generation in vitro
Authors: JOHNSEN H. E , MADSEN M , MOSSIN J , KRISTENSEN T 
Published: July 2010

This report describes the influence of HLA‐D/‐DR antigen disparity upon the level of cytotoxicity in allogeneic in vitro cultures.Allogeneic cultures, between unrelated HLA‐D/‐DR full house donors, tested in CML gave three different levels of cytotoxicity, termed weak, intermediate and strong cytotoxicity. HLA‐D/‐DR compatibility predictsweakcytotoxicity and two HLA‐B antigen incompatibility predictsstrongcytotoxicity. On the contrary, HLA‐A antigens have no major influence upon the strength of cytotoxicity.Accepting that the MLC/CML reaction is an in vitro parallel to the in vivo transplantation of allogeneic tissue, the observations are in accordance with the results of HLA‐D/‐DR matching for graft survival in human renal transplantation.
HLA polymorphisms in a Shanghai Chinese population
Authors: JARAQUEMADA D. , ALONSO A. , AWAD J. , D'AMARO J. , OLLIER W. , DOYLE P. , OKOYE R. C. , WILLIAMS E. , FESTENSTEIN H. , LIAN FAN , GOUANGYAN ZHOU , RENBIAO CHEN , JENCHIEH TSANG 
Published: July 2010

The frequencies of the HLA‐A, B, C, D, DR and MB antigens have been determined in a homogeneous Shanghai Chinese population. Comparisons with the HLA‐A and ‐B frequencies in other subsets of the Chinese population revealed some marked differences. No comparisons were possible for the D, DR and MB antigens since there were no previous studies of the antigens in those loci.We suggest that studies of the Chinese population should be confined to clearly defined homogeneous subsets. In this manner, the confounding effect of population heterogeneity may be avoided, and it is this heterogeneity which calls for extensive surveys of the huge Chinese population.
Further studies on psoriasis‐associated HLA‐Dw/DR7 using PLT cells primed against a familial psoriasis‐linked HLA haplotype
Authors: Marcusson Jan A. , Möller Erna 
Published: July 2010

The products of the HLA‐D region and their correlation to psoriasis vulgaris was studied using the primed lymphocyte typing (PLT) assay. In families with one healthy and one psoriatic parent and one psoriatic child primary MLC (mixed lymphocyte culture) stimulation was carried out between responder cells from the healthy parent and stimulator cells from the psoriatic child. In this way 21 PLT reagents directed against putative psoriasis‐associated lymphocyte activating determinants were produced. Three reagents that gave clear bimodal stimulation patterns against lymphocytes of 51 psoriasis patients were further tested against 78 controls. Specificity of these reagents was studied using homozygous typing cells (HTC's) as stimulators.Compiled data show that cells from DR7 positive psoriatic patients give higher res‐timulation of these PLT reagents than do cells from healthy DR7 positive controls. In addition, a higher frequency of psoriasis patients compared to controls gave significant restimulation. Therefore we concluded that these PLT reagents recognized at least partly different DR7 associated determinants in the psoriasis patients and in controls. The reason is either that psoriasis patients carry a different lymphocyte activating DR associated specificity or, alternatively, that restimulation was caused by products of a distinct psoriasis associated locus in linkage disequilibrium with D/DR7 or of a determinant recognized together with D/DR7 as a restriction element. These data further support the notion that psoriasis is a disease with primary HLA associations to both class I and class II MHC genes.
HLA, MLR, P and Lewis antigens and living donor renal transplantation in a single centre in the Middle East
Authors: White Arthur G. , Kumar M. S. Anil , Abouna George M. 
Published: July 2010

One hundred and fifty‐one living donor renal transplants performed in a single centre in Kuwait were analysed for graft survival in relation to HLA matching, mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR), P and Lewis antigens.There was a significant difference in graft survival (P = .05) but only at 3, 4 and 5 years between HLA identical (97%, 94%, 94%) and haploidentical combinations (83%, 81% and 79%), respectively. The zero haplotype matched combinations were not significantly different in graft survival from the identical or haploidentical groups. Compatibility or incompatibility for P or Lewis antigens did not influence graft survival.The MLR was significant (P = .05) with the MLR negative recipients having 100% graft survival at 4 years compared to 84% in the MLR positive group.In conclusion with an overall actuarial graft survival of 84% at 6 years none of the factors examined ‘dramatically’ influenced graft survival. The ‘Centre Effect’ is the main factor influencing graft survival in our Centre.
Killer immunoglobulin receptor gene and allele frequencies in Caucasoid, Oriental and Black populations from different continents
Authors: Middleton D. , Meenagh A. , Moscoso J. , Arnaiz‐Villena A. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractParallel to the growth in interest in the past few years in the killer immunoglobulin‐like receptor (KIR) genes has been the elucidation of the presence/absence of these genes and to a very limited extent, the frequency of alleles of these genes in many populations. In the present study, we have chosen seven populations to investigate the presence/absence of the KIR genes and their alleles, i.e. Cuban, Brazilian, Oman, Hong Kong Chinese, Singapore Chinese, South African Xhosa and South African San. The populations were chosen to represent different continents of the world. We show the divergence in the frequencies of these genes, and their alleles, in the different populations. Many new sequence‐specific oligonucleotide probe patterns represent new alleles, each occurred in only one of the populations. The KIR gene frequencies of these seven populations were calculated and genetic distances were represented by neighbour‐joining dendrograms and correspondence analyses. Also, the presence or absence of 17 KIR loci in the presently studied populations was compared with the presence or absence of the same loci in 56 worldwide populations (available on the website www.allelefrequencies.net). In total, 5134 individuals were analysed and the populations grouped, with some exceptions, according to a geographical gradient.
Evaluating the role of HLA‐DQ polymorphisms on immune response to bacterial superantigens using transgenic mice
Authors: Rajagopalan G. , Polich G. , Sen M. M. , Singh M. , Epstein B. E. , Lytle A. K. , Rouse M. S. , Patel R. , David C. S. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBacterial superantigens bind directly to human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II molecules and vigorously activate T cells expressing certain T‐cell receptor variable region families. As interaction with HLA class II molecules is the primary step in this process, polymorphic variations in HLA class II can determine the extent of superantigen binding to HLA class II molecules, govern the magnitude of immune activation induced by given superantigens and determine the outcome of superantigen‐mediated diseases. As direct assessment of the influence of HLA class II polymorphism in humans is impossible because of expression of more than one HLA class II alleles in a given individual and toxicity of superantigens, transgenic mice expressing HLA‐DQ6 (HLA‐DQA1*0103 and HLA‐DQB1*0601) and HLA‐DQ8 (HLA‐DQA1*0301 and HLA‐DQB1*0302) were used to achieve this goal. HLA‐DQ6 and HLA‐DQ8 elicited comparable in vitro and in vivo immune response to staphylococcal enterotoxins (SE) A, SEB, SEH and SEK, toxic shock syndrome toxin‐1, streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin (SPE) A and SPEC and streptococcal mitogenic exotoxin Z (SMEZ). However, each superantigen had a unique T‐cell receptor activation profile. In vivo challenge with Streptococcus pyogenes, H305, capable of elaborating SPEA and SMEZ, yielded a similar clinical outcome in HLA‐DQ6 and HLA‐DQ8 transgenic mice. In conclusion, HLA‐DQ6 and HLA‐DQ8 elicited comparable response to certain bacterial superantigens. Our report highlights the advantages of HLA class II transgenic mice in such studies.
Effect of post‐teneral diets on the performance of sterileAnastrepha ludensandAnastrepha obliquafruit flies
Authors: Liedo P. , Orozco D. , Cruz‐López L. , Quintero J. L. , Becerra‐Pérez C. , del Refugio Hernández M. , Oropeza A. , Toledo J. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe effect of post‐teneral diets on the mating performance, pheromone production and longevity of sterileAnastrepha ludensandAnastrepha obliquafruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) was investigated. Enriched pre‐release diets improved male mating performance. Wild and sterile males fed on mango and orange fruits achieved the greatest copulatory success, followed by those fed on a 3 : 1 sugar : yeast (SY) diet. Males fed only on a sugar diet achieved the lowest number of matings. The mean numbers of copulas achieved by wild males were significantly higher than those by sterile males fed on a sugar‐only diet, while there were no significant differences between wild males and sterile males fed on yeast diets. There was a trend of reduced mean number of copulas as the proportion of yeast was reduced in the diet, but differences were not significant. Pre‐release diets had a significant effect on pheromone production. Males fed on a 3 : 1 SY diet produced the greatest amount of the three main pheromone components inA. ludensmales and two major components inA. obliquamales, followed by males fed on fruits or pasteurized fruit juice. Males fed on a sugar only diet produced the lowest amounts. The longevity response to post‐teneral diets was complex. The most yeast‐rich diet and the poorest diet (sugar only) resulted in the lowest life expectancies. Flies fed on 24 : 1 SY diets showed the highest life expectancies for both males and females of the two species. Considering the tradeoffs between mating performance and longevity, the 24 : 1 SY diet would be recommended for programmes integrating the sterile insect technique, but the effects of these diets on field survival and dispersal still need to be investigated.
A short review on the onychomycosis by dermatophytes isolated in Bucharest
Authors: Alteraş I. 
Published: July 2010

ZusammenfassungKlinische und mykologische Befunde über ein Krankengut von 525 Fällen durch Dermatophyten verursachter Onychomykosen sind wiedergegeben. Die Fälle wurden in den letzten 20 Jahren in Bukarest gesammelt. Die Zehennägel waren am meisten befallen (65 % allein und 15 % zusammen mit Fingernägeln); der Befall der Fingernägel betrug 20 % allein und 15 % zusammen mit Fußnägeln. Der Haupterreger war T. rubrum (55 % aller Fälle), an den Fußnägeln zu 70 %. An zweiter Stelle folgte T. mentagrophytes (interdigitale) bei 26% aller Fälle, überwiegend (88 %) an Fußnägeln. Bei 3 Patienten war T. mentagrophytes (granulare) der Erreger. In der Reihenfolge der Häufigkeit folgte T. violaceum (12 %); bevorzugt befallen wurden die Fingernägel (83 %). E. floccosum war nur in 3 % der Fälle verantwortlich. Der Anteil von T. schönleinii war zahlenmäßig nur von geringer Bedeutung (1,3%). Andere Arten, z. B. T. tonsurans, T. verrucosum, T. quinckeanum, M. canis und M. audouinii wurden nur sporadisch gefunden. In 83 % der Fälle waren außer dem Nagelbefall auch verschiedene Hauterscheinungen zu verzeichnen.
Gefahr sekundärer Mykosen bei gefährdeten Personen:* Danger of Secondary Mycoses in Compromised Patients
Authors: Tomšíkova Alena , Štêpková Ivana , Nováčková Dana 
Published: July 2010

Zusammenfassung: Eine Analyse des Vorkommens der opportunistisch‐pathogenen Pilze in verschiedenem Untersuchungs‐Material von Tumorkranken, Diabetikern, Leukämikern, von Patienten nach Nierentransplantation und nach Kortikosteroidtherapie wurde durchgeführt.In alien Fällen kam es während der schwächenden Grundkrankheit und während der die Abwehrmechanismen hemmenden Therapie zu einem erheblichen Anstieg im Vor‐kommen verschiedener Pilzarten, an erster Stelle der Sproßpilze.Die parasitische Wirkung dieser Pilze wurde durch hohes Niveau der antifungalen komplementfixierenden und präzipitierenden Antikörper und durch den Nachweis von Früh‐ und Spätallergie‐Reaktionen bestatigt.Die Ergebnisse bei den gefährdeten Patienten wurden mit entsprechenden Unter‐suchungen bei gesunden und an Candidose erkrankten Menschen verglichen.Summary: An analysis of the occurrence of opportunistic fungi was carried out in different infectious material with persons suffering from cancer, diabetes mellitus, leucemia, further in patients with renal transplants and corticosteroid therapy.In all cases a significant increase of different fungi species, especially of yeasts, appeared during a debilitating disease as well as during therapy suppressing the defense system.The parasitic effect of these fungi was confirmed by a high level of the fungal antibodies as well as the fungal allergy.The results from the compromised patients were compared with investigations of healthy persons and persons suffering from candidiasis.
Ketoconazole in the Treatment of Combined Infection with Dermatophytosis and Candidosis
Authors: Kamalam A. , Thambiah A. S. 
Published: July 2010

Summary: A boy of 5 years with dominant ichthyosis vulgaris with no immune deficiencies and who had extensive dermatophytosis caused by Trichophyton mentagrophytes and candidosis of oral mucosa, nails and paronychia was successfully treated with oral ketoconazole.Zusammenfassung: Ein 5jähriger Junge, bei dem auf dem Boden einer dominanten Ichthyosis vulgaris, jedoch ohne Immundefekte, eine ausgedehnte Dermatophytose durch Trichophyton mentagrophytes und eine Candidose der Mundschleimhaut sowie der Nägel entstanden war, wurde erfolgreich mit oraler Ketoconazoltherapie behandelt.