bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Artist‐Led Pedagogic Process in the Contemporary Art Gallery: Developing a Meaning Making Framework
Authors: Pringle Emily 
Published: July 2009

AbstractDrawing on recent research which examined how selected artist educators perceive themselves as arts practitioners and analysed how these constructions inform their pedagogy, this article proposes a framework of meaning making in the art gallery. Art practice is defined as a process of conceptual and experiential enquiry which embraces inspiration, looking, questioning, making, reflective thinking and the building of meanings. The pedagogic process instigated in the gallery resembles art practice in that artists seek to ‘teach’ skills including questioning and critical reflection and promote experiential learning. Hence artist educators function as facilitators enabling learners to engage directly with art works (which are seen to embody the knowledge of the artist creator and contribute actively to the construction of meaning), whilst sharing their knowledge through dialogic exchange. The devised Meaning Making in the Gallery (MMG) framework encapsulates the pedagogic relation‐ship between artist, learners and artworks in the gallery and proposes a model of creative teaching and learning which has potential application within cultural institutions and beyond.
The Way They See It: An Evaluation of the Arts Across the Curriculum Project
Authors: Coutts Glen , Soden Rebecca , Seagraves Liz 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThis article reports on an evaluation to interrogate the efficacy of a Scottish Government sponsored initiative to introduce an arts‐infused education model to primary (elementary) and secondary (high) schools called Arts Across the Curriculum. Between April 2005 and December 2007 the evaluation team gathered data about this three‐year pilot project, using a variety of instruments including surveys, structured observations, interviews and video diaries. This article presents some of the findings from the evaluation and in particular it focuses on the artists' views of the efficacy of the project; in short we wanted to know how they ‘saw it’. It should be noted that the research team that evaluated the initiative had no say in the design of the project.
Modelling the evolution of vein microstructure with phase‐field techniques – a first look
Authors: HUBERT J. , EMMERICH H. , URAI J. L. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractVein microstructures in the Earth's crust contain a wealth of information on the physical conditions of crystal growth, but correct interpretation requires an improved understanding of the processes involved. In this paper the processes involved in the formation of veins are briefly reviewed, and the possibilities of modelling these processes using the phase‐field method are discussed. This technique, which is established in the computational materials science community to investigate crystallization processes, is shown to be a powerful tool to describe processes during vein formation and other geological processes involving crystal growth.
Daily Frustration, Cognitive Coping and Coping Efficacy in Adolescent Headache: A Daily Diary Study
Authors: Massey Emma K. , Garnefski Nadia , Gebhardt Winifred A. , Van Der Leeden Rien 
Published: July 2009

Objective.— To investigate both concurrent and prospective relationships between daily frustration, cognitive coping and coping efficacy on the one hand and daily headache occurrence on the other.Methods.— Eighty‐nine adolescents aged 13‐21 completed an online daily diary for 3 weeks. Data were analyzed using multilevel modeling.Results.— Daily frustration of goal pursuits was significantly related to both same day and next day headache occurrence. Coping efficacy beliefs were significantly related to lower next day headache occurrence (no same day relationship was found). None of the cognitive coping strategies used in response to daily frustration were related to headache occurrence on the same or next day.Conclusions.— Daily frustration to goal pursuit is suggested to be an important stressor contributing to concurrent and prospective headache occurrence. Furthermore, the extent to which adolescents believe in their ability to cope also appears to influence experience of subsequent headache. Further prospective studies are necessary to confirm these findings and to further unravel the possibly reciprocal relations between these factors. These findings offer useful insights into the dynamic interplay between daily stressful experiences and headache in youths.
Proton Spectroscopy in Patients With Post‐Traumatic Headache Attributed to Mild Head Injury
Authors: Sarmento Elder , Moreira Pedro , Brito Claudio , Souza Jano , Jevoux Carla , Bigal Marcelo 
Published: July 2009

Background.— Post traumatic headaches (PTH) following mild head injury (MHI) impose important diagnostic challenges to clinicians, and are often the scope of litigation.Objective.— To investigate whether spectroscopy magnetic resonance imaging (MRS) demonstrates markers of PTH following MHI.Methods.— We imaged individuals with PTH following MHI (n = 17), as well as controls (n = 12), using Proton MRS (1‐HS MRI). We estimated the metabolic ratios of N‐acetylaspartate (NAA) and choline (Cho), relative to creatine (Cr). Compared with controls, individuals with PTH following MHI had reduced values of NAA in the right (1.64 ppm vs 2.05 ppm, P = .012) and left anterior regions of the frontal lobe white matter (1.52 ppm vs 2.10 ppm; P = .024); anterior (1.52 ppm vs 1.78 ppm; P = .0155) and posterior medial region of the frontal lobes (1.6 ppm vs 2.07 ppm; P = .0045), and medial region of parietal lobes (1.76 ppm vs 2.23 ppm; P = .0065). Contrasted to controls, Cho measures were statistically increased in the posterior region of the white matter of the right side fontal lobe (1.18 ppm vs 0.99 ppm; P = .0095), anterior medial region of the frontal lobe (1.20 ppm; vs 1.07 ppm; P = .0265), and medial region of the parietal lobes (0.92 ppm vs 0.65 ppm; P = .0005).Conclusions.— Proton MRS may be useful as an imaging marker for PTH following mild injury. Future studies should contrast PTH following mild vs severe trauma, as well as PTH with other forms of headache, to clarify if the findings are specific of the disease, may be correlated with disease severity, or if they are unspecific headache markers.
Middle Meningeal Artery Dilatation in Migraine
Authors: Shevel Elliot 
Published: July 2009

Objective.— To show that migraine pain is not related to dilatation of the dural meningeal arteries.Background.— The origin of the pain in migraine has not yet been adequately explained and remains the subject of vigorous debate. Current theories implicate changes in the trigeminovascular system, which is defined as comprising the large intracranial vessels, and in particular, the dural meningeal vessels, the dura mater, and their neural connections.Methods.— The anatomical relationships of the dural meningeal arteries to the dura mater and the inner surface of the calvarium are described.Results.— The dural meningeal arteries lie in grooves in the inner table of the calvarium, are encased in the unyielding fibrous dura mater, and are consequently unable to dilate.Conclusion.— The pain of migraine is not related to dilatation of the dural meningeal arteries.
Clinical Assessment of Topiramate Therapy in Patients With Migrainous Vertigo
Authors: Gode Sercan , Celebisoy Nese , Kirazli Tayfun , Akyuz Aycan , Bilgen Cem , Karapolat Hale , Sirin Hadiye , Gokcay Figen 
Published: July 2009

(Headache 2010;50:77‐84)Objective.— To assess the efficacy of topiramate in reducing both the frequency and the severity of vertigo and headache attacks in patients with migrainous vertigo and to compare 50 and 100 mg/day doses of the drug.Methods.— Thirty patients diagnosed as definite migrainous vertigo were recruited in the study. Vertigo and headache frequency was determined as the monthly number of attacks whereas severity was determined by visual analog scales measured in millimeters from 0 to 100. Patients were randomized to either 50 or 100 mg/day topiramate for 6 months. Vertigo and headache frequency and severity were evaluated at the end of the study period.Results.— Number of mothly vertigo attacks decreased significantly in the overall group after treatment (median from 5.5 to 1; P < .01). The same was true for monthly headache attacks (median from 4 to 1; P < .01). A statically significant improvement in vertigo severity was noted (median from 80 to 20 mm; P < .01). Headache severity showed significant improvement as well (median from 60 to 30 mm; P < .01). No statistically significant difference between high‐ and low‐dose groups was present regarding efficacy (P > .05). Four patients in the high‐dose group discontinued treatment at the end of the first month because of adverse effects.Conclusions.— In the overall group, topiramate was found to be effective in reducing the frequency and the severity of vertigo and headache attacks. Both doses of the drug were equally efficacious. The 50 mg/day dose seems to be appropriate as higher adverse effects were noted when 100 mg/day was used.
Working and Episodic Memory in HIV Infection, Alcoholism, and Their Comorbidity: Baseline and 1‐Year Follow‐Up Examinations
Authors: Fama Rosemary , Rosenbloom Margaret J. , Nichols B. Nolan , Pfefferbaum Adolf , Sullivan Edith V. 
Published: July 2009

Background:  Selective memory deficits occur in individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and those with chronic alcoholism, but the potential compounded effect of these conditions is seldom considered, despite the high prevalence of alcohol use disorders in HIV infection.Methods:  Here, we examined component processes of working and episodic memory in HIV infection and chronic alcoholism (ALC) in 4 subject groups (HIV, ALC, HIV + ALC, and normal controls) at baseline and 1‐year follow‐up. Accuracy scores, response times, and rate of information processing were assessed with subtests of the computerized neuropsychological test battery, the MicroCog.Results:  Although individuals with either HIV infection or alcoholism generally performed at normal levels, individuals comorbid with HIV infection and alcoholism were impaired relative to controls and to the single diagnosis groups on selective memory processes. Immediate episodic memory was impaired, whereas working memory remained intact. Ability to retain information over time was not impaired in the clinical groups. Little performance change between groups was detected over 1 year. Results could not be explained by amount of alcohol consumed over a lifetime, CD4 cell count, AIDS diagnosis, or HAART medication.Conclusions:  This study provides behavioral support for adverse synergism of HIV infection and chronic alcoholism on brain function and is consistent with neuroimaging reports of compromised hippocampal and associated memory structures related to episodic memory processes in these 2 conditions.
Influence of Canal Preparation Depth on the Incidence of Femoral Medullary Infarction with Zurich Cementless Canine Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: HANEY DAVIDA R. , PECK JEFFREY N. 
Published: July 2009

Objective—To determine the incidence of femoral medullary infarction after modifying the depth of femoral reaming and filing when performing total hip replacement (THR) using the Zurich Cementless Total Hip Replacement system (ZCTHR).Study Design—Case series.Animals—Dogs (n=31) that had ZCTHR (34).Methods—Thirty‐one dogs (34 THR) had ZCTHR (May 2003–September 2006) and with >1 year radiographic (craniocaudal, mediolateral views) follow‐up after THR were evaluated for the presence of femoral medullary infarcts. Incidence was compared with a previous study performed before the technique modification.Results—Femoral medullary infarction occurred in 1 femur (2.9%; dog <18 months at THR) compared with 19.5% before the technique change, a significant decrease (P<.001).Conclusion—Limiting the depth of reaming and filing of the medullary canal resulted in a significant decrease in the incidence of femoral medullary infarction.Clinical Relevance—Depth of reaming and filing the medullary canal should be limited when performing THR using the ZCTHR.
An In Vitro Biomechanical Comparison of Dynamic Condylar Screw Plate Combined with a Dorsal Plate and Double Plate Fixation of Distal Diaphyseal Radial Osteotomies in Adult Horses
Authors: JANICEK JOHN C. , WILSON DAVID A. , CARSON WILLIAM L. , KRAMER JOANNE 
Published: July 2009

Objective—To compare stiffness and strength of a dynamic condylar screw plate combined with dorsal broad dynamic compression plate (DCS–bDCP) fixation with double broad dynamic compression plate (dbDCP) fixation used to repair oblique distal fractures of adult equine radii.Study Design—Experimental.Sample Population—Adult equine radii (n=10 pair).Methods—An unconstrained three‐dimensional loading–measurement system was used to determine stiffness of a 50 mm long intact, and then DCS–bDCP or dbDCP‐plated osteotomized/ostectomized segment of radii when subjected to a nondestructive sequence of compression, torsion, and lateral‐to‐medial (LM), medial‐to‐lateral (ML), cranial‐to‐caudal (CrCa), and caudal‐to‐cranial (CaCr) bending. Uniform load over the entire length of construct identified its weakest characteristics during torsion and LM and CrCa bending to failure.Results—No difference was observed between osteotomized/ostectomized DCS–bDCP and dbDCP construct stiffness for all 6 loading modes, and strength for all 3 failure loads. Ostectomized DCS–bDCP and dbDCP construct stiffness was significantly lower than osteotomized radii, the latter approaching intact for axial, LM, and CrCa bending. Most frequent failure was bone fracture through exit site of a screw located adjacent to osteotomy/ostectomy.Conclusions—DCS–DCP and dbDCP constructs had comparable strength and stiffness when repairing osteotomies/ostectomies in equine adult radius bone. Fracture reduction increased stiffness that approached intact bone for loads that placed the unplated side in compression.Clinical Relevance—DCS–bDCP and dbDCP constructs are comparable in stiffness and strength when applied to oblique distal diaphyseal osteotomies/ostectomies in equine radius bone. However, the DCS's localized effect on distal epiphyseal structure because of additional bone removal remains to be investigated under in vivo articular loading conditions.
Mapping of Split‐Line Pattern and Cartilage Thickness of Selected Donor and Recipient Sites for Autologous Osteochondral Transplantation in the Canine Stifle Joint
Authors: BÖTTCHER PETER , ZEISSLER MARKUS , MAIERL JOHANN , GREVEL VERA , OECHTERING GERHARD 
Published: July 2009

Objective— To characterize donor and recipient sites for autologous osteochondral transplantation in the canine stifle joint with respect to split‐line pattern and cartilage thickness.Study Design— In vitro study.Sample Population— Stifle joints (n=30) of dogs >20 kg.Methods— Collagen network orientation of the hyaline cartilage coverage of the distal femur was assessed using split‐line technique (n=10). Cartilage thickness was measured radiographically on osteochondral plugs harvested at the abaxial and axial surfaces of the femoropatellar joint (n=15), the most proximal abaxial aspect of the medial condyle (CO; n=5) and at both femoral condyles (n=15).Results— Cartilage within the femoropatellar joint and both femoral condyles had mostly transversely orientated pattern of split‐lines. Abaxial to the femoropatellar joint split‐lines were absent. All donor sites had significantly thinner cartilage than the medial condyle (CM). Only the distal trochlea had cartilage thickness comparable to the lateral condyle (CL). The thinnest cartilage was found abaxial to the femoropatellar joint followed by CO, which was ∼2–3 times thinner than the cartilage at both condyles.Conclusions— None of the investigated donor sites provided transplants of comparable cartilage thickness to CM. Transplants from within the femoropatellar joint should be harvested in priority as they reach cartilage morphology comparable to CL.Clinical Relevance— Adjusting for cartilage thickness and split‐line pattern may improve long‐term outcome after autologous osteochondral transplantation. But surface curvature and donor‐site morbidity have to be considered as well when choosing the most suitable donor site.
Efficacy of Adhesive Incise Drapes in Preventing Bacterial Contamination of Clean Canine Surgical Wounds
Authors: OWEN LAURA J. , GINES J. ALBERTO , KNOWLES TOBY G. , HOLT PETER E. 
Published: July 2009

Objective—To investigate the efficacy of adhesive incise drapes in reducing bacterial contamination of clean canine surgical wounds.Study Design—Randomized clinical trial.Animals—Dogs (n=100) having elective ovariohysterectomy or stifle surgery.Methods—Dogs were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups: drape or no drape. Swabs obtained from the inner edge of the surgical wound at the beginning (swab 1) and end (swab 2) of surgery were submitted for microbial culture. Number of colony forming units was counted for all positive cultures and change in bacterial counts between swabs 1 and 2 was calculated. Percentage adhesive drape adherence at the end of surgery was calculated from a digital photograph of the surgical site. Duration of surgery/anesthesia and the anesthetic induction agent used were recorded.Results—There was a significant increase in bacterial counts between swabs 1 and 2 (P=.001). Wound contamination was 14% (6 drape; 8 no drape;P=0.78) withStaphylococcusspp. most commonly isolated. Median percentage drape adherence at the end of surgery was 89.3% (0–100%). Duration of anesthesia was significantly related to wound contamination (P=.013), but duration of surgery and anesthesia induction agent were not.Conclusions—Adhesive incise drapes did not reduce wound contamination of clean canine surgical wounds.Clinical Relevance—Use of adhesive incise drapes in clean surgical procedures is of questionable benefit in dogs.
Cervical Spine Locking Plate Fixation for Treatment of Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy in Large Breed Dogs
Authors: TROTTER ERIC J. 
Published: July 2009

Objective—To describe indirect decompression by means of cervical spine locking plate (CSLP) fixation with vertebral distraction, discectomy, and cancellous block bone grafting in large breed dogs with single caudal cervical dynamic spondylotic lesions diagnosed by myelography with linear traction to the cervical spine, and contrast‐enhanced computed tomography.Study Design—Prospective clinical study.Animals—Dogs (n=12) with caudal cervical spondylotic myelopathy because of a single dynamic, traction‐responsive lesion.Methods—Single, traction‐responsive, caudal cervical spondylotic lesions were treated by vertebral distraction, discectomy, cancellous block bone grafting, and CSLP fixation. Follow‐up was obtained by sequential recheck examination by the author or referring veterinarian or by telephone inquiries.Results—Ten dogs had neurologic improvement after surgery. Indirect decompression by maintained distraction with cancellous block grafting and CSLP fixation was readily accomplished with less risk of blood loss or iatrogenic spinal cord injury than that associated with direct (ventral) decompression. There were no complications of graft intrusion, extrusion or subsidence, implant loosening, foraminal impingement, or end‐plate failure. Two dogs that had satisfactory short‐term recoveries developed clinical signs associated with adjacent segment disease and were euthanatized. At long‐term follow‐up, 8 dogs had satisfactory function, either a normal gait or one with slight to moderate proprioceptive deficits.Conclusions—CSLP fixation with cancellous block interbody grafting is an effective and perhaps safer method of treating single‐level, traction‐responsive cervical spondylosis in large breed dogs.Clinical Relevance—CSLP fixation with interbody bone grafting is a viable alternative to other techniques for treatment of single‐level, traction‐responsive cervical spondylosis.
Prospective Evaluation of Two Intracorporeally Sutured Prophylactic Laparoscopic Gastropexy Techniques Compared with Laparoscopic‐Assisted Gastropexy in Dogs
Authors: MAYHEW PHILIPP D. , BROWN DOROTHY CIMINO 
Published: July 2009

Objective— To report technique, surgical time, complication rate, and postoperative activity in dogs undergoing 2 intracorporeally‐sutured total laparoscopic gastropexy (TLG) techniques compared with a laparoscopic‐assisted gastropexy (LAG) technique.Study Design— Randomized clinical trial.Animals— Dogs (n=30) weighing >25 kg.Methods— Dogs were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups. Two TLG techniques were performed using a median 3 portal technique. One of 2 suturing techniques was used to approximate corresponding incisions made in the stomach and body wall; using intracorporeal hand‐suturing or a suture‐assist device (Endostitch™). In a 3rd group, a previously reported LAG technique was used. All dogs had an activity monitor placed for 7 days pre‐ and postoperatively. Linear regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association of surgical procedure on gastropexy time and the percentage change in activity counts.Results— Median gastropexy time was 28 minutes (range, 20–41 minutes) for LAG, 48 minutes (range, 39–61 minutes) for the hand suture TLG technique, and 56 minutes (range, 30–90 minutes) for the Endostitch™ TLG technique. LAG was performed faster than TLG (P<.05). LAG dogs had a greater decrease in postoperative activity than TLG dogs (P=.005); however there was no difference in surgical time or postoperative activity between TLG techniques.Conclusions— TLG can be performed safely and effectively in dogs and although it takes longer, it has less impact on postoperative activity compared with LAG.Clinical Relevance— TLG techniques may have advantages over LAG as measured by a greater willingness of dogs to move around postoperatively.
Long‐Term Efficacy of a Percutaneously Adjustable Hydraulic Urethral Sphincter for Treatment of Urinary Incontinence in Four Dogs
Authors: ROSE SCOTT A. , ADIN CHRISTOPHER A. , ELLISON GARY W. , SEREDA COLIN W. , ARCHER LINDA L. 
Published: July 2009

Objective—To evaluate the efficacy of a surgically placed, static hydraulic urethral sphincter (SHUS) for treatment of urethral sphincter mechanism incompetency (USMI).Study Design—Prospective study.Animals—Spayed female dogs (n=4) with acquired USMI.Methods—Urinary incontinence was assessed using a subjective continence score before and after implantation of an SHUS on the proximal urethra via ventral median celiotomy. Dogs were assessed for urinary continence, urinary tract infections, and implant‐associated complications for 30 months. Residual incontinence was treated with percutaneous inflation of the SHUS with sterile saline solution through a biocompatible subcutaneous administration port.Results—At last follow‐up (26–30 months after surgery), continence scores improved from a median preoperative score of 3/10 to a median postoperative score of 10. One dog developed wound drainage over the subcutaneously placed administration port but remained continent after port removal. Three occluders were percutaneously filled with additional saline (median, 0.18 mL; mean, 0.16 mL) to improve continence after surgery.Conclusions—Application and adjustment of an SHUS provided sustained improvements in continence score in all dogs.Clinical Relevance—In this pilot study, 3 of 4 dogs with hydraulic urethral sphincter implantation had successful percutaneous adjustment and maintained improved continence scores for 2 years after surgery. Continence was maintained in the 4th dog even after administration port removal. Based on this pilot study, the SHUS warrants further clinical evaluation for treatment of dogs with USMI unresponsive to medical management.