bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The rhizosphere microbiome and its influence on the accumulation of metabolites in Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Reichb. f
Authors: Li Shiqing , Li Xiaomei , Ye Yueyu , Chen Man , Chen Haimin , Yang Dongfeng , Li Meiya , Jiang Fusheng , Zhang Xiaobo , Zhang Chunchun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Reichb. f. (B. striata) is a perennial herbaceous plant in the Orchidaceae family known for its diverse pharmacological activities, such as promoting wound healing, hemostasis, anti-inflammatory effects, antioxidant properties, and immune regulation. Nevertheless, the microbe-plant-metabolite regulation patterns for B. striata remain largely undetermined, especially in the field of rhizosphere microbes. To elucidate the interrelationships between soil physics and chemistry and rhizosphere microbes and metabolites, a comprehensive approach combining metagenome analysis and targeted metabolomics was employed to investigate the rhizosphere soil and tubers from four provinces and eight production areas in China.

Results
Our study reveals that the core rhizosphere microbiome of B. striata is predominantly comprised of Paraburkholderia, Methylibium, Bradyrhizobium, Chitinophaga, and Mycobacterium. These microbial species are recognized as potentially beneficial for plants health. Comprehensive analysis revealed a significant association between the accumulation of metabolites, such as militarine and polysaccharides in B. striata and the composition of rhizosphere microbes at the genus level. Furthermore, we found that the soil environment indirectly influenced the metabolite profile of B. striata by affecting the composition of rhizosphere microbes. Notably, our research identifies soil organic carbon as a primary driving factor influencing metabolite accumulation in B. striata.

Conclusion
Our fndings contribute to an enhanced understanding of the comprehensive regulatory mechanism involving microbe-plant-metabolite interactions. This research provides a theoretical basis for the cultivation of high-quality traditional Chinese medicine B. striata.
The complete annotated plastome sequences of six genera in the tropical woody Polygonaceae
Authors: Burke Janelle M. , Koenemann Daniel M. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
The Polygonaceae is a family well-known for its weeds, and edible plants, Fagopyrum (buckwheat) and Rheum (rhubarb), which are primarily herbaceous and temperate in distribution. Yet, the family also contains a number of lineages that are principally distributed in the tropics and subtropics. Notably, these lineages are woody, unlike their temperate relatives. To date, full-genome sequencing has focused on the temperate and herbaceous taxa. In an effort to increase breadth of genetic knowledge of the Polygonaceae, we here present six fully assembled and annotated chloroplast genomes from six of the tropical, woody genera: Coccoloba rugosa (a narrow and endangered Puerto Rican endemic), Gymnopodium floribundum, Neomillspaughia emarginata, Podopterus mexicanus, Ruprechtia coriacea, and Triplaris cumingiana.

Results
These assemblies represent the first publicly-available assembled and annotated plastomes for the genera Podopterus, Gymnopodium, and Neomillspaughia, and the first assembled and annotated plastomes for the species Coccoloba rugosa, Ruprechtia coriacea, and Triplaris cumingiana. We found the assembled chloroplast genomes to be above the median size of Polygonaceae plastomes, but otherwise exhibit features typical of the family. The features of greatest sequence variation are found among the ndh genes and in the small single copy (SSC) region of the plastome. The inverted repeats show high GC content and little sequence variation across genera. When placed in a phylogenetic context, our sequences were resolved within the Eriogonoideae.

Conclusions
These six plastomes from among the tropical woody Polygonaceae appear typical within the family. The plastome assembly of Ruprechtia coriacea presented here calls into question the sequence identity of a previously published plastome assembly of R. albida.
Identifying primary care clinicians’ preferences for, barriers to, and facilitators of information-seeking in clinical practice in Singapore: a qualitative study
Authors: Lee Mauricette Moling , Tang Wern Ee , Smith Helen Elizabeth , Tudor Car Lorainne 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
The growth of medical knowledge and patient care complexity calls for improved clinician access to evidence-based resources. This study aimed to explore the primary care clinicians’ preferences for, barriers to, and facilitators of information-seeking in clinical practice in Singapore.

Methods
A convenience sample of ten doctors and ten nurses was recruited. We conducted semi-structured face-to-face in-depth interviews. The interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed using thematic content analysis.

Results
Of the 20 participants, eight doctors and ten nurses worked at government-funded polyclinics and two doctors worked in private practice. Most clinicians sought clinical information daily at the point-of-care. The most searched-for information by clinicians in practice was less common conditions. Clinicians preferred evidence-based resources such as clinical practice guidelines and UpToDate®. Clinical practice guidelines were mostly used when they were updated or based on memory. Clinicians also commonly sought answers from their peers. Furthermore, clinicians frequently use smartphones to access the Google search engine and UpToDate® app. The barriers to accessing clinical information included the lack of time, internet surfing separation of work computers, limited search functions in the organisation’s server, and limited access to medical literature databases. The facilitators of accessing clinical information included convenience, easy access, and trustworthiness of information sources.

Conclusion
Most primary care clinicians in our study sought clinical information at the point-of-care daily and reported increasing use of smartphones for information-seeking. Future research focusing on interventions to improve access to credible clinical information for primary care clinicians at the point-of-care is recommended.

Trial registration
This study has been reviewed by NHG Domain Specific Review Board (NHG DSRB) (the central ethics committee) for ethics approval. NHG DSRB Reference Number: 2018/01355 (31/07/2019).
The association between dietary vitamin B1 intake and constipation: a population-based study
Authors: Du Wenyi , Lu Lingchen , Liu Yuxuan , Yan Yuxin , La Rui , Wu Qian , Xu Jie , Zhou Xiaojun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Numerous researches have indicated a correlation between the intake of dietary micronutrients and the occurrence of constipation. Nevertheless, the correlation between constipation and vitamin B1 remains uninvestigated. The main aim of this research was to examine the association between chronic constipation and the consumption of vitamin B1 in the diet among adult participants of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Methods
This study used data from the NHANES, a survey on health and nutrition conducted between 2005 and 2010. The respondents’ dietary information was gathered by utilizing the 24-hour dietary records. Various statistical analyses, such as multiple logistic regression, subgroup analysis, and curve-fitting analysis, were employed to investigate the correlation between dietary intake of vitamin B1 and chronic constipation.

Results
In the trial, there were 10,371 participants, out of which 1,123 individuals (10.8%) were identified as having chronic constipation. Fully adjusted multiple logistic regression analyses showed that increasing dietary intake of vitamin B1 (OR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.77-0.99) was significantly associated with a reduced risk of constipation. Following adjustment for multiple variables in Model 3, the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the third tertile, in comparison to the first tertile (reference group), was 0.80 (0.65, 0.99). In addition, subgroup analyses and interaction tests showed a significant inverse association between vitamin B1 intake and the prevalence of constipation, especially among men, non-hypertensive, and non-diabetic individuals (all P-values less than 0.05).

Conclusion
This research uncovered an inverse correlation between the consumption of vitamin B1 in the diet and the occurrence of chronic constipation. One potential explanation for this phenomenon is that the consumption of vitamin B1 in one’s diet is linked to the softening of stools and an augmented occurrence of colonic peristalsis. Additional extensive prospective research is required to thoroughly examine the significance of thiamine in long-term constipation.
Association between pain interference and motoric cognitive risk syndrome in older adults: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Li Gege , He Zijun , Hu Jinjing , Xiao Chongwu , Fan Weichao , Zhang Zhuodong , Yao Qiuru , Zou Jihua , Huang Guozhi , Zeng Qing 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Motoric cognitive risk syndrome (MCR) is a pre-dementia condition characterized by subjective complaints in cognition and slow gait. Pain interference has previously been linked with cognitive deterioration; however, its specific relationship with MCR remains unclear. We aimed to examine how pain interference is associated with concurrent and incident MCR.

Methods
This study included older adults aged ≥ 65 years without dementia from the Health and Retirement Study. We combined participants with MCR information in 2006 and 2008 as baseline, and the participants were followed up 4 and 8 years later. The states of pain interference were divided into 3 categories: interfering pain, non-interfering pain, and no pain. Logistic regression analysis was done at baseline to examine the associations between pain interference and concurrent MCR. During the 8-year follow-up, Cox regression analysis was done to investigate the associations between pain interference and incident MCR.

Results
The study included 7120 older adults (74.6 ± 6.7 years; 56.8% females) at baseline. The baseline prevalence of MCR was 5.7%. Individuals with interfering pain had a significantly increased risk of MCR (OR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.17–1.95; p = 0.001). The longitudinal analysis included 4605 participants, and there were 284 (6.2%) MCR cases on follow-up. Participants with interfering pain at baseline had a higher risk for MCR at 8 years of follow-up (HR = 2.02, 95% CI = 1.52–2.69; p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Older adults with interfering pain had a higher risk for MCR versus those with non-interfering pain or without pain. Timely and adequate management of interfering pain may contribute to the prevention and treatment of MCR and its associated adverse outcomes.
Informal care after hip fracture: prospective cohort
Authors: Ipsen Jonas Ammundsen , Viberg Bjarke , Pedersen Lars T. , Draborg Eva , Bruun Inge Hansen 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Hip fracture is very common and it has life-shattering consequences for older persons. After discharge the older persons need help with even basic everyday activities from formal and informal caregivers. In Scandinavia formal care are well-developed however the presence of informal caregivers likely reflect on the amount of formal care and wears on the informal caregivers. This study explore how often and how much informal care (IC) older persons receive after hip fracture.

Method
We contacted 244 community-dwelling older persons every two weeks the first twelve weeks after discharge after hip fracture and asked them if they received care from family and/or friends and how much. We used non-parametric statistics and level of significance was 95%.

Results
The proportion of older persons receiving IC was 90% and the median amount of IC was 32 hours (IQR 14-66). The number of older persons who received IC was highest the first four weeks after discharge and so was the amount of hours of IC. The older persons that were high-dependence on IC received a median of 66 (IQR 46-107) hours compared to the low-dependent of 11 hours (IQR 2-20).

Conclusion
IC is very frequent, especially the first two to four weeks after discharge. The median IC was 32 hours from discharge to the 12-week follow-up. However, this figure tended to rise for persons with, among other, reduced functionality and those residing with a partner.

Implications
With respect to local differences, the findings in this study are likely applicable to other Scandinavian countries. We strongly suggest that the variation in older person need for informal caregiver be given consideration in the prioritisation of resources.

Trial registration
This prospective cohort study of informal care, was part of a cluster-randomised stepped-wedge clinical controlled trial. Written consent was obtained required by regional ethics committee S-20200070. Data was collected in accordance with the Danish Data Protection Agency (20-21854).
Evaluation of clinical and laboratory characteristics of dengue viral infection and risk factors of dengue hemorrhagic fever: a multi-center retrospective analysis
Authors: Riaz Muhammad , Harun Sabriah Noor Binti , Mallhi Tauqeer Hussain , Khan Yusra Habib , Butt Muhammad Hammad , Husain Aamir , khan Muhammad Mujeeb , Khan Amer Hayat 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundDengue Viral Infection (DVI) has become endemic in Pakistan since the first major outbreak in Karachi in 1996. Despite aggressive measures taken by relevant authorities, Pakistan has been dealing with a worsening dengue crisis for the past two decades. DHF is severe form of dengue infection which is linked with significant morbidity and mortality. Early identification of severe dengue infections can reduce the morbidity and mortality. In this context we planned current study in which we find out the different factors related with DHF as well as clinical laboratory features of DHF and compare them to DF so that patients can be best evaluated for DHF and managed accordingly at admission.MethodsRetrospective study conducted over a period of 6 years (2013–2018) in two tertiary care hospitals in Pakistan. Data were collected by using a pre-structured data collection form. Data were statistically analyzed to determine the clinical and laboratory characteristics of DVI and risk factors of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF).ResultsA total 512 dengue cases (34.05 ± 15.08 years; Male 69.53%) were reviewed. Most common clinical manifestations of DVI were fever (99.60%), headache (89.1%), chills (86.5%), rigors (86.5%), myalgia (72.3%). Less common clinical manifestations were vomiting (52.5%), arthralgia (50.2%) and skin rashes (47.5%). Furthermore, nasal bleeding (44.1%), gum bleeding (32.6%), pleural effusion (13.9%) and hematuria (13.1%) were more profound clinical presentations among DHF patients. Mortality rate was 1.5% in this study. Logistic regression analysis indicated that delayed hospitalization (OR: 2.30) and diabetes mellitus (OR:2.71), shortness of breath (OR:2.21), association with risk groups i.e., living near stagnant water, travelling to endemic areas, living in endemic regions (OR:1.95), and presence of warning signs (OR:2.18) were identified as risk factors of DHF. Statistically we found that there is strong association of diabetes mellitus (DM) with DHF while the patient suffering from DM individually had higher odds (2.71) of developing DHF than patients without disease.ConclusionsThe current study demonstrated that the clinical and laboratory profiles of DF and DHF are significantly distinct. Significant predictors of DHF were advanced age, diabetes mellitus, ascites, pleural effusion, thick gallbladder and delayed hospitalization. The identification of these factors at early stage provides opportunities for the clinicians to identify high risk patients and to reduce dengue-related morbidity and mortality.
Heart failure subtype after acute kidney injury
Authors: Birkelo Bethany C. , Brittain Evan , Guide Andrew , Greevy Robert A. , Matheny Michael E. , Annis Jeffrey , Richardson Trey , Faubel Sarah , Siew Edward D. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with increased risk of heart failure (HF). Determining the type of HF experienced by AKI survivors (heart failure with preserved or reduced ejection fraction, HFpEF or HFrEF) could suggest potential mechanisms underlying the association and opportunities for improving post-AKI care.

Methods
In this retrospective study of adults within the Vanderbilt University health system with a diagnosis of HF, we tested whether AKI events in the two years preceding incident HF associated more with HFpEF or HFrEF while controlling for known predictors. HF outcomes were defined by administrative codes and classified as HFpEF or HFrEF by echocardiogram data. We used multivariable logistic regression models to estimate the effects of AKI on the odds of incident HFpEF versus HFrEF.

Results
AKI (all stages) trended towards a preferential association with HFpEF in adjusted analyses (adjusted OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.63 – 1.01). Stage 1 AKI was associated with higher odds of HFpEF that was statistically significant (adjusted OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.43 – 0.88), whereas stages 2–3 AKI showed a trend toward HFrEF that did not reach statistical significance (adjusted OR 1.11, 95% CI 0.76 – 1.63).

Conclusions
AKI as a binary outcome trended towards a preferential association with HFpEF. Stage 1 AKI was associated with higher odds of HFpEF, whereas stage 2–3 trended towards an association with HFrEF that did not meet statistical significance. Different mechanisms may predominate in incident HF following mild versus more severe AKI. Close follow-up with particular attention to volume status and cardiac function after discharge is warranted after even mild AKI.
Immunotherapy combined with apatinib in the treatment of advanced or metastatic gastric/gastroesophageal tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Jincheng , Lin Jie , Wang Ruimin , Tong Ti , Zhao Yinghao 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Immunotherapy or apatinib alone has been used as third-line adjuvant therapy for advanced or metastatic gastric/gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) tumors, but the efficacy of combining them with each other for the treatment of patients with advanced or metastatic G/GEJ is unknown; therefore, we further evaluated the efficacy and safety of immunotherapy combined with apatinib in patients with advanced or metastatic G/GEJ.

Methods
The main search was conducted on published databases: Embase, Cochrane library, PubMed.The search was conducted from the establishment of the database to December 2023.Clinical trials with patients with advanced or metastatic G/GEJ and immunotherapy combined with apatinib as the study variable were collected. Review Manager 5.4 software as well as stata 15.0 software were used for meta-analysis.

Results
A total of 651 patients from 19 articles were included in this meta-analysis. In the included studies, immunotherapy combined with apatinib had a complete response (CR) of 0.03 (95% CI: 0.00 -0.06), partial response (PR) of 0.34 (95% CI: 0.19–0.49), stable disease (SD) of 0.43 (95% CI: 0.32–0.55), objective response rate (ORR) was 0.36 (95% CI: 0.23–0.48), disease control rate (DCR) was 0.80 (95% CI: 0.74–0.86), and median progression-free survival (PFS) was 4.29 (95% CI: 4.05–4.52), median Overall survival (OS) was 8.79 (95% CI: 7.92–9.66), and the incidence of grade ≥ 3 TRAEs was 0.34 (95% CI: 0:19-0.49). PR, ORR, DCR, median PFS and median OS were significantly higher in the immunotherapy and apatinib combination chemotherapy group (IAC) than in the immunotherapy combination apatinib group (IA). And the difference was not significant in the incidence of SD and grade ≥ 3 TRAEs.

Conclusion
This meta-analysis shows that immunotherapy combined with apatinib is safe and effective in the treatment of advanced or metastatic G/GEJ, where IAC can be a recommended adjuvant treatment option for patients with advanced or metastatic G/GEJ. However, more large multicenter randomized studies are urgently needed to reveal the long-term outcomes of immunotherapy combined with apatinib treatment.
Association of lipid-lowering drug targets with risk of cutaneous melanoma: a mendelian randomization study
Authors: Miao Lusheng , Miao Taosheng , Zhang Ying , Hao Jin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Melanoma proliferation is partly attributed to dysregulated lipid metabolism. The effectiveness of lipid-lowering drugs in combating cutaneous melanoma (CM) is a subject of ongoing debate in both in vitro and clinical studies.

Method
This study aims to evaluate the causal relationship between various lipid-lowering drug targets, namely 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR, targeted by statins), Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9, targeted by alirocumab and evolocumab), and Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 (NPC1L1, targeted by ezetimibe), and the outcomes of cutaneous melanoma. To mimic the effects of lipid-lowering drugs, we utilized two genetic tools: analysis of polymorphisms affecting the expression levels of drug target genes, and genetic variations linked to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and drug target genes. These variations were sourced from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). We applied Summary-data-based Mendelian Randomization (SMR) and Inverse Variance Weighted Mendelian Randomization (IVW-MR) to gauge the effectiveness of these drugs.

Results
Our findings, with SMR results showing an odds ratio (OR) of 1.44 (95% CI: 1.08–1.92; P = 0.011) and IVW-MR results indicating an OR of 1.56 (95% CI: 1.10–2.23; P = 0.013), demonstrate a positive correlation between PCSK9 expression and increased risk of CM. However, no such correlations were observed in other analyses.

Conclusion
The study concludes that PCSK9 plays a significant role in the development of CM, and its inhibition is linked to a reduced risk of the disease.
Causal association of sleep traits with the risk of thyroid cancer: A mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zong Liang , Liu Guiping , He Hongsheng , Huang Deliang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
This study was to explore the causal associations of sleep traits including sleep duration, snoring, chronotype, sleep disorders, getting up in the morning, sleeplessness/insomnia and nap during day with the risk of thyroid cancer based on Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Method
Summary single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-phenotype association data were obtained from published genome-wide association studies (GWASs) using the FinnGen and UK Biobank databases. A series of screening processes were performed to select qualified SNPs strongly related to exposure. We applied the inverse variance weighted (IVW), the Mendelian Randomization robust adjusted profile score (MR-RAPS), the Mendelian randomization pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO), and the Weighted Median to estimate the causal links between sleep traits and the risk of thyroid cancer. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated.

Results
The IVW results showed that getting up in the morning (OR = 0.055, 95%CI: 0.004–0.741) and napping during day (OR = 0.031, 95%CI: 0.002–0.462) were associated with decreased risk of thyroid cancer in the Italian population. A 1.30-h decrease of sleep duration was associated with 7.307-fold of thyroid cancer risk in the Finnish population (OR = 7.307, 95%CI: 1.642–32.519). Cronotype could decrease the risk of thyroid cancer in the Finnish population (OR = 0.282, 95%CI: 0.085–0.939). Sleep disorders increased the risk of thyroid cancer in the Finnish population (OR = 2.298, 95%CI: 1.194–4.422). The combined results revealed that sleep duration was correlated with increased risk of thyroid cancer (OR = 5.600, 95%CI: 1.458–21.486).

Conclusion
Decreased sleep duration was associated with increased risk of thyroid cancer, which indicated the importance of adequate sleep for the prevention of thyroid cancer.