bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling the interaction of keV clusters with molecular solids
Authors: Mody Jaydeep D. , Webb Roger P. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe use of polyatomic (cluster) ion beams for SIMS has proven to be an efficient method for the characterization of solids. Computer simulation programs such as Molecular Dynamics (MD) are often run to gain an insight into the ion‐solid interactions that take place under these circumstances; however, for simulations to be able to make accurate predictions, a massive amount of computational resources are required to be at hand. These include several months in simulation time and the use of very large targets, not to mention that a single simulation run is a representation of only a single ion trajectory. Thus, MD simulations are invaluable for gaining insight into ion‐solid interactions but are less so for being able to provide information when time constraints are put in place. The work here aims to achieve a prediction model that, when completely functional, will be able to deal with the pressures of the clock. This, we believe, is achievable by employing simpler modeling criteria that are dependant upon aspects of an initial energy deposition profile within the target under irradiation. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Human Embryonic Stem Cells Are Capable of Executing G1/S Checkpoint Activation
Authors: Bárta Tomáš , Vinarský Vladimír , Holubcová Zuzana , Doležalová Dáša , Verner Jan , Pospíšilová Šárka , Dvořák Petr , Hampl Aleš 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Embryonic stem cells progress very rapidly through the cell cycle, allowing limited time for cell cycle regulatory circuits that typically function in somatic cells. Mechanisms that inhibit cell cycle progression upon DNA damage are of particular importance, as their malfunction may contribute to the genetic instability observed in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). In this study, we exposed undifferentiated hESCs to DNA-damaging ultraviolet radiation-C range (UVC) light and examined their progression through the G1/S transition. We show that hESCs irradiated in G1 phase undergo cell cycle arrest before DNA synthesis and exhibit decreased cyclin-dependent kinase two (CDK2) activity. We also show that the phosphatase Cdc25A, which directly activates CDK2, is downregulated in irradiated hESCs through the action of the checkpoint kinases Chk1 and/or Chk2. Importantly, the classical effector of the p53-mediated pathway, protein p21, is not a regulator of G1/S progression in hESCs. Taken together, our data demonstrate that cultured undifferentiated hESCs are capable of preventing entry into S-phase by activating the G1/S checkpoint upon damage to their genetic complement.
Neural tube defects in mice exposed to tap water
Authors: Mallela Murali K. , Werre Stephen R. , Hrubec Terry C. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractIn May of 2006 we suddenly began to observe neural tube defects (NTDs) in embryos of untreated control mice. We hypothesized the mice were being exposed unknowingly to a teratogenic agent and investigated the cause. Our results suggested that NTDs were not resulting from bedding material, feed, strain, or source of the mice. Additionally, mice were negative for routine and comprehensive screens of pathogens. To further test whether the NTDs resulted from infectious or genetic cause localized to our facility, we obtained three strains of timed pregnant mice from commercial suppliers located in four different states. All strains and sources of mice arrived in our laboratory with NTDs, implying that commercially available mice were possibly exposed to a teratogen prior to purchase. Our investigation eventually concluded that exposure to tap water was causing the NTDs. The incidence of NTDs was greatest in purchased mice provided tap water and lowest in purchased mice provided distilled deionized water (DDI). Providing mice DDI water for two generations (F2‐DDI) eliminated the NTDs. When F2‐DDI mice were provided tap water from three different urban areas prior to breeding, their offspring again developed NTDs. Increased length of exposure to tap water significantly increased the incidence of NTDs. These results indicate that a contaminant in municipal tap water is likely causing NTDs in mice. The unknown teratogen appears to have a wide geographic distribution but has not yet been identified. Water analysis is currently underway to identify candidate contaminants that might be responsible for the malformations. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol, 2011.
Study of the antioxidant response of several bean variants to irrigation with water containing MC‐LR and cyanobacterial crude extract
Authors: Pichardo Silvia , Pflugmacher Stephan 
Published: June 2010

AbstractCyanobacterial toxins have adverse effects on both terrestrial and aquatic plants. Agricultural plants may come in contact with cyanobacterial toxins when surface waters are used for its irrigation. In the present study the effects of MC‐LR and cyanobacterial crude extract on three variants of bean by irrigating the seedlings with water containing 5 μg L−1 MC‐LR were assessed. Study of the antioxidant enzymes activities glutathione‐S‐transferase (GST), peroxidases (POD) and glutathione reductase (GR) was performed in leaves and roots of the seedling exposed to the cyanotoxin compared to a control group and to a group exposed to cyanobacterial crude extract without MCs. Damage of oxidative status was observed in view of the fact that the antioxidant enzymes activities were altered. It is interesting to point out that each variant of bean was affected in a very different way, being GST the most altered enzyme and the B1 the most sensitive variant showing the greatest alterations in the majority of the studied enzymes. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol, 2011.
Ductus venosus pulsatility index measurement reduces the false‐positive rate in first‐trimester screening
Authors: Timmerman E. , Oude Rengerink K. , Pajkrt E. , Opmeer B. C. , van der Post J. A. M. , Bilardo C. M. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate if ductus venosus (DV) pulsatility index for veins (PIV) and a‐wave measurements can increase the accuracy of first‐trimester Down syndrome screening in a high‐risk population.MethodsThe database of our fetal medicine unit was searched for all cases at increased first‐trimester Down syndrome risk. Multivariable logistic regression was used to construct a prediction rule for chromosomal anomalies at any given maternal age, nuchal translucency multiples of the median (NT‐MoM) and DV‐PIV MoM. The discriminative ability of the model was assessed by using receiver–operating characteristics (ROC) analysis.ResultsThe study population included 445 fetuses. DV‐PIV was increased (≥ 95th percentile) in 239 (54%) and DV a‐wave was abnormal in 187 fetuses (42%). In this cohort, 80% of all chromosomal anomalies were identified by an increased DV‐PIV and 68% by an abnormal a‐wave. The odds of chromosomal anomalies increased by a factor of 4.2 per MoM increase in DV‐PIV, adjusted for NT and maternal age. The area under the ROC curve for the prediction of chromosomal anomalies was 0.79. After correction for DV‐PIV, DV a‐wave did not significantly add to the prediction of chromosomal anomalies.ConclusionIn a population of fetuses at increased first‐trimester risk for Down syndrome, the combination in a logistic regression model of NT, DV‐PIV and maternal age can improve the accuracy of screening for trisomy 21 and other chromosomal anomalies. This is the first study that models the additional value of DV‐PIV as a continuous variable to NT measurement alone in a high‐risk first‐trimester population. Copyright © 2010 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
CORE: centrally optimized routing extensions for efficient bandwidth management and network coding in the IEEE 802.16 MeSH mode
Authors: Mogre Parag S. , d'Heureuse Nico , Hollick Matthias , Steinmetz Ralf 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe IEEE 802.16 standard (WiMAX) specifies a MeSH mode which permits the deployment of Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) supporting carrier‐grade QoS. The network operator for such planned WMNs is interested in maximizing the traffic admitted in the WMN and simultaneously supporting QoS. Recently network coding has emerged as a promising technique for increasing the throughput in WMNs. This paper proposes CORE, which addresses the problem of jointly optimizing the routing, scheduling, and bandwidth savings via network coding. Prior solutions are either not applicable in the 802.16 MeSH mode or computationally too costly to be of practical use in the WMN under realistic scenarios. CORE's heuristics, in contrast, are able to compute solutions for the above problem within a operator definable maximum computational cost, thereby enabling the computation and near real‐time deployment of the computed solutions. We analyze the performance of CORE's heuristics via a thorough simulation study covering the typical usage scenarios for WMNs. The results presented demonstrate that CORE is able to increase the number of flows admitted considerably and with minimal computational costs. We also see that CORE successfully increases the number of network coding sessions which can be established in the WMN. Further, the results provide insights into limiting factors for the gains which can be obtained in different typical usage scenarios for WMNs. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Synthesis and Biological Activity of two Organostannoxane Ladder‐like Complexes Derived from Schiff Bases
Authors: Gómez Elizabeth , Morales‐Morales Norma N. , Santana Patricia , Ramírez‐Apan Teresa , Nieto‐Camacho Antonio , Toscano Ruben A. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractTwo complexes containing (nBu)2Sn4O4L4 (L = salicylaminoaryl alcohols) were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis and 1H, 13C, and 119Sn NMR as well as IR spectroscopy. The crystal structure of complex 2.2 was determined by X‐ray crystallography. It consists of three, four‐member Sn2O2 rings in a ladder‐like, structural arrangement with four tin centers, bridged by four, three‐coordinate μ3‐oxygen atoms. The dimeric distannoxane have two different, pentacoordinate tin atoms, where the Schiff base acts as monodentate ligand. The complexes were subjected to a thiobarbituric acid, reactive substance (TBARS) assay, which displayed a higher antioxidant activity than the α‐tocopherol and Butylated hydroxy toluene (BHT), used as positive controls.
Formation and Crystal Structures of Lewis Acid Adducts of Ph3PCHP(O)Ph2; New Neutral and Cationic Species
Authors: Petz Wolfgang , Öxler Florian , Aicher Kathrin , Neumüller Bernhard 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe carbodiphosphorane C(PPh3)2 (1) is easily hydrolyzed from wet air to give the ylide Ph3PCHP(O)Ph2 (2), which forms addition compounds with various Lewis acids to give neutral or cationic compounds. According to pairs of electrons at the central carbon atom and the oxygen atom, respectively, addition compounds with coordination modes A (via oxygen), B (via carbon), and C (via carbon and oxygen) were isolated either as by‐products from reactions of Lewis acids with 1 (contaminated with some 2) or directly with 2. The crystal structures and the spectroscopic properties of 2 and of the addition compounds [Ph3PCHP(OBF3)Ph2] (5), [Ph3PCH2P(OBF3)Ph2][(μ‐OH)B2F6] (6), [Ph3PCH2P(OBI3)Ph2][BI4] (7), [Ph3PCHP(OSnCl2)Ph2] (8), and [Ph3PCH2P(O)Ph2]2[Hg2I6] (9) are reported.
Loss of NPC1 function in a patient with a co‐inherited novel insulin receptor mutation does not grossly modify the severity of the associated insulin resistance
Authors: Kirk J. , Porter K. M. , Parker V. , Barroso I. , O'Rahilly S. , Hendriksz C. , Semple R. K. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractIn Npc1 null mice, a model for Niemann Pick Disease Type C1, it has been reported that hepatocyte insulin receptor function is significantly impaired, consistent with growing evidence that membrane fluidity and microdomain structure have an important role in insulin signal transduction. However, whether insulin receptor function is also compromised in human Niemann Pick disease Type C1 is unclear. We now report a girl who developed progressive dementia, ataxia and opthalmoplegia from 9 years old, followed by severe acanthosis nigricans, hirsutism and acne at 11 years old. She was diagnosed with Niemann Pick Disease type C1 (OMIM#257220) based on positive filipin staining and reduced cholesterol‐esterifying activity in dermal fibroblasts, and homozygosity for the p.Ile1061Thr NPC1 mutation. Further analysis revealed her also to be heterozygous for a novel trinucleotide deletion (c.3659 + 1_3659 + 3delGTG) at the end of exon 20 of INSR, encoding the insulin receptor, leading to deletion of Trp1193 in the intracellular tyrosine kinase domain. INSR mRNA and protein levels were normal in dermal fibroblasts, consistent with a primary signal transduction defect in the mutant receptor. Although the proband was significantly more insulin resistant than her father, who carried the INSR mutation but was only heterozygous for the NPC1 variant, their respective degrees of IR were very similar to those previously reported in a father–daughter pair with the closely related p.Trp1193Leu INSR mutation. This suggests that loss of NPC1 function, with attendant changes in membrane cholesterol composition, does not significantly modify the IR phenotype, even in the context of severely impaired INSR function.
THE RELATIONSHIP OF POLISH STUDENTS' HEIGHT, WEIGHT AND BMI WITH SOME SOCIOECONOMIC VARIABLES
Authors: KRZYŻANOWSKA MONIKA , UMŁAWSKA WIOLETA 
Published: June 2010

SummaryThe aim of this study was to assess the variation in student body height, weight and BMI in relation to several socioeconomic factors. Data (collected in 1998) were obtained through a structured questionnaire from 2800 students (1023 men and 1777 women) from Wrocław Universities, Poland. Information on students' age, reported height and weight and their place of residence prior to starting university, the number of siblings and parents' education were collected. Students with mothers or fathers with higher education had, on average, higher mean heights, but after correcting for other socioeconomic variables only place of residence showed a significant association with height and BMI, with those living in medium or large urban centres having a higher mean height and those living in small or medium urban areas having a lower mean BMI.
Inhibitory effect ofHuRgene small interfering RNA segment on laryngeal carcinoma Hep-2 cell growth
Authors: Shen Z , Ye D , Zhang X , Jiang Z , Xiao B , Guo J 
Published: June 2010

AbstractObjectives:To investigate the effect of theHuRgene on laryngeal carcinoma Hep-2 cell growth, and to analyse correlations between theHuR, cyclooxygenase-2 and survivin genes.Study design:Experiment study.Setting:Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, a tertiary care centre in China.Methods:Copies of a small interfering RNA segment directed against theHuRgene were transfected into Hep-2 cells using LipofectamineTM2000. The effect of the small interfering RNA segment on Hep-2 cell proliferation was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Changes in the expression of theHuR, cyclooxygenase-2 and survivin genes were detected by semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis. Concentrations of the HuR, cyclooxygenase-2 and survivin proteins were evaluated using Western blotting.Results:Expression of theHuR, cyclooxygenase-2 and survivin genes, as indicated by messenger RNA and protein levels, was suppressed by theHuRgene small interfering RNA segment in a dose-dependent manner. The proliferation indices of all treated groups were significanlty lower than those of control groups (p < 0.05).Conclusions:Impairment ofHuRgene expression, using interfering RNA technology, can significantly suppress Hep-2 cell proliferation and induce apoptosis. TheHuRgene may be an effective target for gene therapy in patients with laryngeal carcinoma.
Resection of secondary pulmonary malignancies in head and neck cancer patients
Authors: Geurts T W , Klomp H M , Burgers S A , van Tinteren H , Roukema B Y , Balm A J M 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBackground:This study aimed to evaluate a single institute's experience with resection of metachronous pulmonary malignancy in patients treated for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.Methods:Sixty-three consecutive patients treated curatively for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma underwent surgical resection of malignant lung lesions. Survival was estimated and potential prognostic factors investigated.Results:The median overall survival for the total group was 22.2 months. Fifty-one patients (81 per cent) had one lung lesion, while the remainder had multiple lesions (range, two to seven). In the 63 patients, 35 lobectomies, 4 pneumonectomies and 24 wedge resections were performed. For patients with pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma (n = 52), the three-year survival rate was 35 per cent (95 per cent confidence interval, 22–48); for patients with resected adenocarcinoma (n = 10), it was 50 per cent (95 per cent confidence interval, 18–75). The overall five-year survival rate was 30 per cent (95 per cent confidence interval, 19–42).Conclusion:In patients treated curatively for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, resection of secondary pulmonary cancer is associated with favourable long term overall survival, especially for patients with adenocarcinoma lesions.
Immunoglobulin G4 related systemic sclerosing disease involving the temporal bone
Authors: Masterson L , Del Pero M Martinez , Donnelly N , Moffat D A , Rytina E 
Published: June 2010

AbstractObjective:To report a rare condition affecting the temporal bone. Immunoglobulin G4 related systemic sclerosing disease is a recently described autoimmune condition with manifestations typically involving the pancreas, biliary system, salivary glands, lungs, kidneys and prostate. Histologically, it is characterised by T-cell infiltration, fibrosis and numerous immunoglobulin G4-positive plasma cells. This condition previously fell under the umbrella diagnosis of inflammatory pseudotumour and inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour.Case report:We present the case of a 58-year-old woman with multiple inflammatory masses involving the pharynx, gall bladder, lungs, pelvis, omentum, eyes and left temporal bone, over a seven-year period. We describe this patient's unusual clinical course and pathological features, which resulted in a change of diagnosis from metastatic inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour to immunoglobulin G4 related systemic sclerosing disease. We also review the literature regarding the management of inflammatory pseudotumours of the temporal bone, and how this differs from the management of immunoglobulin G4 related systemic sclerosing disease.Conclusion:We would recommend a full review of all histological specimens in patients with a diagnosis of temporal bone inflammatory pseudotumour or inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour. Consideration should be given to immunohistochemical analysis for anaplastic lymphoma kinase and immunoglobulin G4, with measurement of serum levels of the latter. Management of the condition is medical, with corticosteroids and immunosuppression, rather than surgical excision.
Medicolegal significance of asymmetrical hearing loss in cases of industrial noise exposure
Authors: Fernandes S V , Fernandes C M 
Published: June 2010

AbstractObjective:In Australia, the current guidelines for evaluation of noise-induced hearing loss suggest that, in cases of asymmetrical loss, ‘the worse ear be equated to the better ear’ for purposes of compensation. This study aimed to establish that such a method was prejudicial to the worker (i.e. the plaintiff). In consideration of the legal duty ‘to co-construct the ideas of truth and the ideas of justice in the context of legal proceedings’, our study objectives were (1) to document the incidence of asymmetrical hearing loss in compensation cases seen in our practice, and (2) to provide a reasoned argument for inclusion of the same for compensation considerations.Study design:Open, retrospective, clinical study.Setting:Australian plaintiffs with asymmetrical hearing loss (who comprise a significant percentage of industrial hearing loss legal cases) may be excluded from full consideration of their hearing loss as a result of the current guidelines. In contrast to the process of medical diagnosis and treatment, it appeared that the application of accepted probability standards within the legal process may permit inclusion of such clients' hearing loss in compensation considerations.Methods:This study included 208 consecutive clients referred by legal practitioners for assessment of hearing loss for compensation purposes.Results and conclusion:A total of 22.6 per cent of clients (47 of 208) had asymmetrical hearing loss, with the left side having the greater loss in 60 per cent of cases. We believe that asymmetrical hearing loss should be included in compensation considerations, both on medical and legal grounds.
A survey of data mining and knowledge discovery process models and methodologies
Authors: Mariscal Gonzalo , Marbán Óscar , Fernández Covadonga 
Published: June 2010

AbstractUp to now, many data mining and knowledge discovery methodologies and process models have been developed, with varying degrees of success. In this paper, we describe the most used (in industrial and academic projects) and cited (in scientific literature) data mining and knowledge discovery methodologies and process models, providing an overview of its evolution along data mining and knowledge discovery history and setting down the state of the art in this topic. For every approach, we have provided a brief description of the proposed knowledge discovery in databases (KDD) process, discussing about special features, outstanding advantages and disadvantages of every approach. Apart from that, a global comparative of all presented data mining approaches is provided, focusing on the different steps and tasks in which every approach interprets the whole KDD process. As a result of the comparison, we propose a new data mining and knowledge discovery process namedrefined data mining processfor developing any kind of data mining and knowledge discovery project. The refined data mining process is built on specific steps taken from analyzed approaches.
On the interaction of deaffrication and consonant harmony
Authors: DINNSEN DANIEL A. , GIERUT JUDITH A. , MORRISETTE MICHELE L. , GREEN CHRISTOPHER R. , FARRIS-TRIMBLE ASHLEY W. 
Published: June 2010

ABSTRACTError patterns in children's phonological development are often described as simplifying processes that can interact with one another with different consequences. Some interactions limit the applicability of an error pattern, and others extend it to more words. Theories predict that error patterns interact to their full potential. While specific interactions have been documented for certain pairs of processes, no developmental study has shown that the range of typologically predicted interactions occurs for those processes. To determine whether this anomaly is an accidental gap or a systematic peculiarity of particular error patterns, two commonly occurring processes were considered, namely Deaffrication and Consonant Harmony. Results are reported from a cross-sectional and longitudinal study of twelve children (age 3 ; 0–5 ; 0) with functional phonological delays. Three interaction types were attested to varying degrees. The longitudinal results further instantiated the typology and revealed a characteristic trajectory of change. Implications of these findings are explored.