bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of Herpangina in 2 Years-Old Patient
Authors: Femilian Afryla , Pramono Ananda Ayu 
Published: April 2024

Herpangina is an acute viral infection caused by Enterovirus 71. This infection generally occurs in children under 10 years old and can heal within 4-7 days. Herpangina is characterized by the appearance of ulcers with discomfort pain in the posterior area of ​​the oral cavity like tonsils, uvula and soft palate. A 2-year-old came with his mother, complaining of a large number of sores in his mouth and anorexia. 2 days ago he had fever. To describe management and treatment of herpangina in a 2 years old patient. Herpangina is a self-limiting disease. Dentists can give symptomatic and supportive therapy to support the healing process. In addition, maintaining the cleanliness of the environment and the oral cavity can reduce the risk of recurrence or other viral infections.
Extraction Management of Gangrene Radix with Radicular Cyst
Authors: Firgina Widya , Setyawan Erwin 
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Radicular cysts are the most common type of cyst found in the teeth and mouth are associated with pulp necrosis and tooth root canal infections. Treatment that can be done for radicular cysts consists of surgical and non-surgical treatments, treatments such as tooth extraction. This case report describes the results of managing tooth root extraction with a radicular cyst. Case Report: A 22-year-old woman complained that her lower right back tooth had root residue. Objective examination revealed that her two roots remain, mesial and distal to tooth 46 Percussion (-) and palpation (+) revealed an asymptomatic, firm consistency, nodular lesion 1 cm in size. Radiographic examination showed a radiolucent area on tooth 46 with a clear and firm base in the shape of a semicircle measuring ± 1 cm. Case management: The tooth was extracted using a technique called infiltration anesthesia. Conclusion: Establishing a good and correct diagnosis in cases of radicular cysts can provide appropriate treatment for patients by knowing the characteristics of the lesion. Tooth extraction with optimal elimination of infected tissue is one of the treatments that can be carried out in radicular cysts
Bone Regeneration on Chronic Apical Abscess After Root Canal Treatment
Authors: Ragil Hayunda , Mutmainnah Ayu Annisa , Aristiyanto Regia 
Published: April 2024

Chronic Apical Abscess is explained as an inflammatory reaction to pulp infection and necrosis. It is characterized by intermittent discharge of pus through an intraoral sinus tract and usually associated with little or no discomfort. On radiograph examination showed radiolucency as signs of periapical bone destruction. Root canal treatment can elimination bacteria as source of the infection in root canal system. Purpose: these two case report aims to present the management of chronic apical abscess with bone destruction in periapical area. Case report: (1) A 21-years-old female came to complained of a lack of self-confidence due to her upper-front tooth was broken about 8 years ago. Clinical examination showed no discomfort on percussion test, negative on palpation and vitality test. Periapical radiography showed a radiolucent with clear but indistinct boundaries, oval in shape with a diameter of approximately 4 mm. (2) A 20-years-old male complained that his front teeth were broken and discoloured. This complaint had been felt for a long time about 7 years ago. The patient had felt spontaneous pain in the tooth that was hit during the accident for a week. Currently, the tooth is no longer painful. There is no swelling in the gum area where the tooth has changed colour. Radiological examination showed bone damage with a periapical radiolucent appearance with diffuse oval borders with a diameter of 5-6 mm. The diagnosis of these two cases were pulp necrosis with chronic apical abscess. Root canal treatment were performed to elimination bacteria of source infection. First case was restoration using composite resin crown with fiber post intracanal restoration and the second case was restoration using direct restoration. Conclusion: proper root canal treatment resulting bone regeneration and periapical lesions healing in chronic apical abscess cases.
Genetic diversity and stability analysis based on agro-morphological traits among rice genotypes developed through marker-assisted backcrossing
Authors: Oginyi Jeremiah C. , Chukwu Samuel C. , Paul Kelechi U. , Mkpuma Kenneth C. 
Published: April 2024

Background: The genetic diversity and stability analysis based on agro-morphological traits among rice genotypes developed through SSR marker-assisted backcrossing was evaluated at college of agricultural science (CAS), Ebonyi State niversity, Abakaliki, Nigeria.
Methods: In this study, 9 rice accessions sourced from the Iinstitute of tropical agriculture and food security (ITAFoS), universiti Putra, Malaysia and Ebonyi, Nigeria; were evaluated for yield stability performance. The experiments were laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications each for two seasons.
Results: Result of the evaluated rice accessions showed highly marked morphological variability based on the mean performance and were grouped into three main clusters. Cluster I had CP, cluster II contained Line4, Line5, Line6, and Line8, and cluster III had Line1, Line7, Line12, and Putra-1. The first, 3 principal components were identified and retained for having the Eigen-value >1. The first PC had an eigenvalue of (6.30) with 52.5% proportion of which plant height accounted most for this variation with (0.359) whereas panicle length contributed the least (-0.13). For stability analysis, CP had highest values for most of the parameters. High heritability value was recorded for all nine traits which range between 71.04% and 95.06%. The highest heritability value (95.06%) was found in Days 50% heading while grain width had the lowest (71.04%).
Conclusions: It could be concluded that CP, Putral-1, and line7 were the most stable in terms of yield across the two seasons of this study; hence, recommended for parental materials for hybridization.
Efficacy and safety of ebastine 10 mg and phenylephrine 10 mg fixed-dose combination in Indian patients with allergic rhinitis: A phase 4 multicentre study
Authors: S Manjula , Srinivas CV , Chavan Shrinivas , S Ramesh , Adgaonkar Nitin Chandrashekhar , M Krishna Kumar 
Published: April 2024

There is a lack of comprehensive studies examining the efficacy and safety of the fixed-dose combination (FDC) of ebastine 10 mg and phenylephrine 10 mg in allergic rhinitis (AR), especially in Indian settings. So, this study aimed to fill the existing research gap by evaluating the efficacy and safety of the FDC ebastine 10 mg and phenylephrine 10 mg in Indian patients with moderate/severe persistent AR.An open-label, non-randomized, single-group, multicentric, phase 4 clinical study included adult patients visiting the outpatient departments of 4 sites across India. All the selected subjects received the FDC once daily in the evening for 5 days. Safety and efficacy of the FDC were evaluated by comparing the Individual Symptoms Score (ISS), Total symptom Score (TSS), and analysing adverse event profiles reported by patients, assessed by the investigator, from baseline to 6 days. The study also assessed the impact of this condition on patients' quality of life using the rhino-conjunctivitis quality of life scale (RQLS). The study included 145 participants with a mean age of 37.17 ± 12.65 years and male-to-female ratio of 1:1.26. Comparison of baseline symptoms with day 6 revealed statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvements in Individual Symptoms Score (ISS). The mean difference in Total Symptom Score (TSS) from baseline to day 6 also showed a substantial improvement of 3.52 ± 1.54 (95% CI: 3.27-3.78; P &#60;0.001). Rhino-conjunctivitis quality of life scale (RQLS) also demonstrated statistically significant improvement from day 1 to day 6 (t = 24.44, P &#60;0.001). Adverse events were effectively managed with the use of readily available over-the-counter medications like antipyretics, analgesics, and/or antacid.The study validated the efficacy and safety of the FDC ebastine 10 mg and phenylephrine 10 mg, in managing AR with good safety profile. The findings underscore the importance of this combination as a viable therapeutic option, with significant improvements in symptom scores and quality of life observed within a short duration.
A prospective study on clinical profile, severity, microbiology, and outcome of patients with ventilator associated infective complications admitted in intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Sen Subhajit , Ramasubban Suresh 
Published: April 2024

: Mechanical ventilation epitomizes intensive care medicine. Ventilator‑associated complications are mainly Ventilator associated respiratory infections (VARI); These are a major cause of concern in the intensive care units (ICUs) worldwide, especially in developing countries. VARI includes patients with ventilator‑associated tracheobronchitis (VAT) and ventilator‑associated pneumonia (VAP).The clinical profile, severity, microbiology, and outcomes of such infections is not well described in Eastern India. The primary objective of the study was to study the risk factors, severity scoring, microbiological profile and 28 days outcome of patients admitted in intensive care unit of our hospital.Secondary objective of our study was to find out any correlation between risk factors, severity scoring, microbiological profile, and outcome of patients with VAT and VAP admitted in intensive care unit of our hospital.: This was a prospective observational study done in the ICU of a tertiary care centre in eastern India. A total 50 patients of clinically, microbiologically and/or radiologically diagnosed case of VAP and VAT were included in the study. A structured data collection proforma was prepared and data collection was done. Raw data was tabulated and analysed: 66% of our patients were male, Smoking was the commonest addiction(24%), VARI developed early with 17% on Day 3, 72% developed VARI within 5 days of ventilation. 16% had history of recent admission, Diabetes and hypertension were the commonest comorbidities. 58% of the patients developed VAP, the median SOFA score in VAP was 6 also similar in VAT. Patients with neurological diseases had the maximum number of VAT and VAP. Klebsiella pneumoniae was the commonest organism causing VAT (42%) while Acinetobacter Baumanii was commonest to cause VAP (44%). 51% of VAP patients were on volume control mode, while it was 52% of VAT patients. Most isolates are MDR pathogens with intermediate sensitivity to Polymyxin being most common (66%) 1 isolate was pan resistant. Mortality was 58% for VAP and 19% in VAT. Both Klebsiella and Acinetobacter accounts for 41% death in VAP group, in VAT group Klebsiella was commonest however no statistical significance with other organism.: Gram negative bacteria were the predominant cause of VAT and VAP, Acinetobacter and Klebsiella are the commonest organisms. Most Isolates are MDR with intermediate sensitivity to Polymyxins. Median SOFA scores were the same in both. Mortality was high in VAP group. Volume control mode was predominant mode of ventilation, Neurological causes was predominant cause that leads to ventilation and subsequent VARI.
Does early neutering increase the risk of cranial cruciate ligament rupture?
Authors: Low Daniel 
Published: April 2024

PICO Question
In bitches, does gonadectomy before 1 year of age compared to gonadectomy at 1 year of age or older, increase the risk of cranial cruciate ligament disease during their life?

Clinical bottom line
Category of research
Risk.
Number and type of study designs reviewed
Eight studies were reviewed, four of which were retrospective cohort studies, two of which were prospective longitudinal cohort studies, one of which was a retrospective case-control study and one of which was a prospective case-control study.
Strength of evidence
Moderate.
Outcomes reported
The evidence was mixed, but overall was suggestive that gonadectomy before 1 year of age increased the risk of cranial cruciate ligament disease in bitches. Gonadectomy before 1 year of age was found to increase the risk of cranial cruciate ligament disease in seven of eight studies. Most studies assessed a narrow range of breeds and the generalisability of these results to all dogs is thus limited. The one study which assessed a range of 35 breeds noted an increase in risk of cranial cruciate ligament disease in 6 of 35 breeds associated with gonadectomy before 1 year of age. Direct comparison of studies is limited by the varying age stratifications, breed analyses, and study methodologies.
Conclusion
Gonadectomy before 1 year of age in Golden Retriever, German Shepherd, and Rottweiler bitches may increase the risk of cranial cruciate ligament disease. In other breeds, limited evidence is available to draw conclusions.

How to apply this evidence in practice
The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources.
Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.
Contribution of Self-efficacy and Optimism on Nurse Work Engagement
Authors: Dewanti Nisa , Prakosa Mira Melynda 
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Work engagement for nurses is needed to increase dedication so that health organizations run effectively and efficiently. Self-efficacy and optimism are components of personal resources that can predict work engagement. This research aims to see the contribution of the role of self-efficacy and optimism to nurses' work engagement.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. A cluster sampling technique was used to recruit 130 nurses. Data on self-efficacy, optimism, and nurse work engagement were collected by questionnaire, and analyzed by logistic regression techniques.
Results: Self-efficacy and optimism in nurses had a significant effect on nurse work engagement with the sig values 0.011 and 0.000. These make nurses more persistent, enthusiastic, and focused at work.
Conclusions: Nurses who have high self-efficacy are always confident in their abilities. Likewise, nurses who have high optimism tend to be more confident and have high persistence at work, so that work engagement will be formed well. Future studies should place greater emphasis on exploring new nurse’s self-efficacy and optimism.
DISKRIMINASI PEREMPUAN DALAM NOVEL KIM JI-YEONG LAHIR TAHUN 1982 DAN PEMANFAATANNYA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN SASTRA DI SMA
Authors: Sakinah Arifatunnisa , Setiawan Budhi , Suryanto Edy 
Published: April 2024

<p align="justify">Fenomena diskriminasi gender yang tumbuh di masyarakat kerap diproyeksikan ke dalam karya sastra. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan bentuk diskriminasi gender, faktor pemengaruh diskriminasi gender, dan solusi meminimalkan tindak diskriminasi gender novel <em>Kim Ji-yeong Lahir Tahun 1982 </em>karya Cho Nam-joo serta pemanfaatan hasil analisis tersebut dalam pembelajaran sastra di SMA. Pendekatan penelitian ini adalah sastra feminis. Sumber data penelitian berupa dokumen novel <em>Kim Ji-yeong Lahir Tahun 1982 </em>dan informan yaitu pembaca novel tersebut,<em> </em>guru mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia, serta siswa kelas XI SMA.. Teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu teknik <em>purposive sampling. </em>Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu teknik analisis dokumen dan wawancara. Uji validitas data yaitu teknik triangulasi teori dan sumber data. Teknik analisis data adalah analisis mengaliryang meliputi reduksi, display data, dan kesimpulan.. Hasil penelitian sebagai berikut: (1) lima bentuk diskriminasi gender dalam novel <em>Kim Ji- yeong Lahir Tahun 1982, </em>yaitu marginalisasi, subordinasi, stereotipe, kekerasan, dan beban ganda; (2) faktor pemengaruh diskriminasi gender adalah adanya konstruksi biologis (kondisi fisik dan psikis) dan konstruksi budaya (patriarki); (3) solusi untuk meminimalkan tindak diskriminasi gender antara lain upaya peningkatan kesadaran dan pengetahuan pribadi, dukungan keluarga, orang-orang terdekat, dan masyarakat sekitar, adanya konseling berbasis gender, serta peran serta komunitas terkait; dan (4) hasil kajian novel <em>Kim Ji-yeong Lahir Tahun 1982 </em>dapat dimanfaatkan dalam pembelajaran resensi novel kelas 11 SMA karena selain sebagai suatu inovasi, peserta didik juga memperoleh wawasan tentang kesetaraan gender.</p>
KAJIAN EKOKRITIK DALAM NOVEL SOKOLA RIMBA KARYA BUTET MANURUNG DAN RELEVANSINYA DENGAN PEMBELAJARAN SASTRA DI SMA
Authors: Febriyanti Noreka Elisabeth , Zulianto Sugit , Setiawan Budhi 
Published: April 2024

<div>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan ran sastra di SMA. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan ekokritik sastra. Sumber datanya adalah novel <em>Sokola Rimba</em> dan informan. Teknik pengumpulan data yang diterapkan adalah analisis dokuemna dan wawancara. Uji validitas data dilakukan dengan menggunakan triangulasi teori dan sumber data. Teknik analisis data menggunakan model analisis mengalir. Hasil penelitian ekokritik pada novel <em>Sokola Rimba </em>disimpulkan hal-hal berikut. <em>Pertama,</em> bentuk ekokritik yang ditemukan dalam novel tersebut terbagi menjadi tiga, yaitu bentuk kritik hutan belantara (<em>wilderness</em>) berjumlah 32 data, kritik pencemaran (<em>pollution</em>) berjumlah 7 data, dan kritik binatang (<em>animals</em>) berjumlah 3 data. <em>Kedua,</em> novel <em>Sokola Rimba </em>karya Butet Manurung dapat dimanfaatkan untuk pembelajaran sastra di SMA karena telah memenuhi empat aspek kelayakan novel untuk dijadikan bahan pembelajaran. Di samping itu, novel tersebut memuat bentuk ekokritik yang dapat meningkatkan daya berpikir kritis peserta didik terhadap permasalahan yang dihadapi terutama permasalahan ekologi. Selain itu, novel tersebut mengandung nilai-nilai moral seperti nilai peduli lingkungan yang dapat diteladani dan diterapkan dalam kehidupan konkret, serta dapat menumbuhkan rasa cinta dan peduli terhadap kelestarian alam. </div>
CAMPUR KODE BAHASA KARO DALAM INTERAKSI JUAL BELI DI PASAR PANCUR BATU: KAJIAN SOSIOLINGUISTIK
Authors: Rantika Dwi , Dardanila Dardanila , Sembiring Sugihana Br. 
Published: April 2024

<p>Campur kode merupakan penggunaan satuan bahasa dari satu bahasa ke bahasa yang lain untuk memperluas gaya bahasa atau ragam bahasa. Campur kode terjadi karena perbedaan latar belakang antar seseorang dengan orang lain. Penelitian ini betujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk-bentuk campur kode antara pedagang dan pembeli di Pasar Pancur Batu. Jenis penelitian ini ialah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode simak dan metode cakap. Dari hasil analisis data ditemukan terdapat 60 data campur kode, yang terdiri dari 39 data berupa penyisipan kata, 10 data penyisipan frasa, 7 data berupa penyisipan pengulangan kata, dan 4 data berupa penyisipan berwujud klausa.</p>
A Proposed Image Scaling Technique by Using Bezier Curve
Authors: Ali Sameer Rafal 
Published: April 2024

عملية تغيير حجم الصورة في مجال معالجة الصور باستخدام التحويلات الهندسية بدون تغيير دقة الصورة تعرف ب image scaling او image resizing. عملية تغيير حجم الصورة لها تطبيقات واسعة في مجال الحاسوب والهاتف النقال والاجهزة الالكترونية الاخرى. يقترح هذا البحث طريقة لتغيير حجم الصورة باستخدام المعادلات الخاصة بمنحني Bezier وكيفية الحصول على افضل نتائج. تم استخدام Bezier curve في اعمال سابقة في مجالات مختلفة ولكن في هذا البحث تم استخدام معادلات ال Bezier curve في تغيير حجم الصور. فكرة استخدام معدلات Bezier curve في تغيير حجم الصور تاتي من خاصية توليد النقاط التي تقع على المنحني والتي تعمل على سحب احداثيات النقاط الموجودة في الصورة بالاعتماد على شكل المنحني وبالتالي تغيير حجم الصورة. تتميز هذه الخوارزمية بسرعة الاداء في تغيير حجم الصور لذلك فهي مفيدة في مجال معالجة الصور والتطبيقات الواقعية التي تحتاج الى تغيير حجم الصور بسرعة هائلة. تم اختبار دقة الخوارزمية باستخدام مقاييس MSE و SNR و PSNR حيث تم تطبيق المقاييس على الصور الاصلية و الصور المسترجعة من عملية تغيير حجم الصورة وكانت النتائج مقبولة كطريقة مقترحة وسريعة لتغيير حجم الصور. وتم استنتاج ان الخوارزمية تعطي افضل النتائج في تصغير او تكبير الصور عندما تكون عدد النقاط المستخدمة في توليد المنحني زوجية اما اذا كانت عدد النقاط فردية فسوف يكون هنالك ضياع في جزء من الصورة الذي يعتمد على معامل التغيير.
Effect of Graphene and Fe3O4 on the Protection Efficiency of Polyeugenol Conducted Coating for Stainless Steel 316L in NaCl solution
Authors: Monther Alqudsi Ayat , Abid Saleh Khulood 
Published: April 2024

التآكل هو مصطلح يطلق على عملية تفكك سطح المعادن والسبائك في بيئة معينة. تتغير الخواص الكيميائية للسبائك المعدنية بعد عملية التأكل وكذلك سلوكها الميكانيكي. لغرض الحماية من التأكل تم تطبيق إستراتيجية جديدة تعتمد على تخليق مادة بوليميرية من خلال البلمرة الكهربائية لليوجينول لتكوين للبولي يوجينول / المركب النانوي (Graphgene ، Fe3O4 )على الفولاذ المقاوم للصدأ نوع (SS316L) ، والذي يربط كقطب كهربائي انود ، باستخدام عملية البلمرة الكهربائية ، فإن البوليمر الموصل الناتج يعطي حماية جيدة ضد التآكل. تم اجراء الفحوصات المختبرية من التشخيص بتقنية الاشعة التحت الحمراء ومطيافية القوة الذرية للبوليمر المحضر لوحده مرة ومع المواد النانوية مرة اخرى. أظهرت النتائج أنه بالمقارنة مع SS316L الغير مطلي ، يوفر البولي يوجينول مع الكرافين أفضل حماية للمعدن المستخدم من التآكل.
Density Functional Theory Study on Chemical Reactivity of Aspirin: Substituent Effect
Authors: T. Mohammed Halah , M. Kamil Ahmed , A-Ali Drea Abbas , M. Abduljalil Hayder , K. Alkhafaje Waleed 
Published: April 2024

يوجد دليل قوي على أن عمليات التخثر والالتهابات لها دورا في شدة الإصابة بفيروس كورونا. يمكن تخفيف تأثير الفيروس عن طريق استخدام بعض الأدوية الشائعة (مثل الأسبرين) التي تعمل على كبح هذه العمليات الضارة. تم اقتراح مشتقات جديدة للأسبرين بواسطة تعويض مجاميع الخلات والأمين والأميد والريبوز في المواقع 2 و 3 و 4 و 5في حلقة البنزين. استخدمت نظرية الدالة الوظيفية للكثافة (DFT) B3LYP / (6–31G) لتقدير خصائصها النشطة وفعاليتها الكيميائية. أظهرت النتائج بان فجوة الطاقة للأسبرين تساوي 0.199 إلكترون فولت، بينما لمشتقات 3- خلات الأسبرين و 3- أمين الأسبرين و 4- أميد الأسبرين و 5- ريبوز الأسبرين لها فجوات طاقة اقل وكانت تساوي 0.187 و 0.144 و0.177 و 0.162 إلكترون فولت على التوالي. تم حساب المعاملات العالمية مثل الكهروسلبية (χ) والجهد الكيميائي (µ) والصلابة (η) ومؤشر الالفة للالكترونات (ω) و جهد التأين (I) والألفة الالكترونية (A) للأسبرين وكانت تساوي -0.166 و 0.166 و 0.098 و -0.140 و 0.265 و 0.068 بينما للأسبرين 3- أمين يساوي -0.130 و 0.130 و 0.072و 0.117- و 0.202 و 0.058 على التوالي. من ناحية أخرى ، فإن حواجز الطاقة لتفاعلات الأسبرين و 3- أمين الأسبرين مع السيرين هي -39.286 و -152.559 هاتري. تشير هذه النتائج إلى أن 3- أمين الأسبرين أكثر نشاطًا من الأسبرين. أن هذه النتائج تفتح الطريق لتطوير دواء فعال جديد لمضادات الالتهابات وأمراض القلب والأوعية الدموية.