bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Volatile metabolic profiles of cell suspension cultures of Lavandula vera, Nicotiana tabacum and Helianthus annuus, cultivated under different regimes
Authors: Georgiev Milen , Georgiev Vasil , Penchev Plamen , Antonova Daniela , Pavlov Atanas , Ilieva Mladenka , Popov Simeon 
Published: February 2010

AbstractCell suspension cultures of Lavandula vera (Lamiaceae), Nicotiana tabacum (Solanaceae), and Helianthus annuus (Asteraceae) were cultivated in three different ways: in shake flasks both as free suspensions and in two‐phase systems (in the presence of Amberlite XAD‐4 resin as a second phase), as well as in 3‐L stirred tank reactor, and their volatile metabolic profiles were studied using GC‐MS. A number of compounds, some of them having allelochemical and biological activities, were identified in all the three cell suspension cultures under study. Also the presence of some compounds, unusual for the intact plants, was observed. It was found that the cultivation mode strongly influences the production and the transport (secretion into the culture medium) of the low‐molecular‐mass volatile metabolites. Principal component analyses of 12 common hydrocarbons showed discrimination between the different cultivation modes (shake flasks and two‐phase systems cultivation) by first principal component (PC1) and second principal component (PC2).
High‐order finite difference schemes for incompressible flows
Authors: Fadel H. , Agouzoul M. , Jimack P. K. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThis paper presents a new high‐order approach to the numerical solution of the incompressible Stokes and Navier–Stokes equations. The class of schemes developed is based upon a velocity–pressure–pressure gradient formulation, which allows: (i) high‐order finite difference stencils to be applied on non‐staggered grids; (ii) high‐order pressure gradient approximations to be made using standard Padé schemes, and (iii) a variety of boundary conditions to be incorporated in a natural manner. Results are presented in detail for a selection of two‐dimensional steady‐state test problems, using the fourth‐order scheme to demonstrate the accuracy and the robustness of the proposed methods. Furthermore, extensions to higher orders and time‐dependent problems are illustrated, whereas the extension to three‐dimensional problems is also discussed. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
“Hard” and “soft” lesions underlying the HLA class I alterations in cancer cells: Implications for immunotherapy
Authors: Garrido Federico , Cabrera Teresa , Aptsiauri Natalia 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe ability of cancer cells to escape from the natural or immunotherapy‐induced antitumor immune response is often associated with alterations in the tumor cell surface expression of Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) Class I antigens. Considerable knowledge has been gained on the prevalence of various patterns of MHC Class I defects and the underlying molecular mechanisms in different types of cancer. In contrast, few data are available on the changes in MHC Class I expression happening during the course of cancer immunotherapy. We have recently proposed that the progression or regression of a tumor lesion in cancer patients undergoing immunotherapy could be predetermined by the molecular mechanism responsible for the MHC Class I alteration and not by the type of immunotherapy used, i.e., interleukin‐2 (IL‐2), Bacillus Calmette‐Guèrin (BCG), interferon‐alpha (IFN‐α), peptides alone, dendritic cells loaded with peptides, protein‐bound polysaccharide etc. If the molecular alteration responsible for the changes in MHC Class I expression is reversible by cytokines (“soft” lesion), the MHC Class I expression will be upregulated, the specific T cell–mediated response will increase and the lesion will regress. However, if the molecular defect is structural (“hard” lesion), the MHC Class I expression will remain low, the escape mechanism will prevail and the primary tumor or the metastatic lesion will progress. According to this idea, the nature of the preexisting MHC Class I lesion in the cancer cell has a crucial impact determining the final outcome of cancer immunotherapy. In this article, we discuss the importance of these two types of molecular mechanisms of MHC Class I–altered expression.
A toxicokinetic study to elucidate 3‐hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene atypical urinary excretion profile following intravenous injection of benzo(a)pyrene in rats
Authors: Marie Caroline , Bouchard Michèle , Heredia‐Ortiz Roberto , Viau Claude , Maître Anne 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe toxicokinetics of benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) and 3‐hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene (3‐OHBaP) were assessed in 36 male Sprague–Dawley rats injected intravenously with 40 µmol kg1 of BaP to explain the reported atypical urinary excretion profile of 3‐OHBaP. Blood, liver, kidney, lung, adipose tissue, skin, urine and feces were collected at t = 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, 33, 48, 72 h post‐dosing. BaP and 3‐OHBaP were measured by high‐performance liquid chromatography/fluorescence. A biexponential elimination of BaP was observed in blood, liver, skin and kidney (t½ of 4.2–6.1 h and 12.3–14.9 h for initial and terminal phases, respectively), while a monoexponential elimination was found in adipose tissue and lung (t½ of 31.2 and 31.5 h, respectively). A biexponential elimination of 3‐OHBaP was apparent in blood, liver and skin (t½ of 7.3–11.7 h and 15.6–17.8 h for initial and terminal phases, respectively), contrary to adipose tissue, lung and kidney. In adipose tissue and lung, a monophasic elimination of 3‐OHBaP was observed (t½ of 27.0 h and 24.1 h, respectively). In kidney, 3‐OHBaP kinetics showed a distinct pattern with an initial buildup during the first 8 h post‐dosing followed by a gradual elimination (t½ of 15.6 h). In the 72‐h post‐treatment, 0.21 ± 0.09% (mean ± SD) of dose was excreted as 3‐OHBaP in urine and 12.9 ± 1.0% in feces while total BaP in feces represented 0.40 ± 0.16% of dose. This study allowed the identification of the kidney as a retention compartment governing 3‐OHBaP atypical urinary excretion. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Consil® bioactive glass particles enhance osteoblast proliferation and selectively modulate cell signaling pathways in vitro
Authors: Au Angela Y. , Au Rebecca Y. , Demko Jennifer L. , McLaughlin Ron M. , Eves Barbara E. , Frondoza Carmelita G. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractConsil® Bioglass® is a commercially available bioactive glass formulation previously shown in clinical studies to support osteogenesis and the repair of bony defects in dogs and cats. Previous in vitro studies confirm that Consil® particles are able to bond directly with bone while promoting osteoblast proliferation and extracellular matrix production. However, the cellular mechanisms mediating their clinical effect remain unclear. This study evaluated whether enhancement of osteoblast proliferation by Consil® particles is associated with signal transduction. Consil® particles maintained the osteoblast phenotype and enhanced proliferation of canine osteoblasts for up to 21 days in culture. Stimulation of proliferation and maintenance of phenotype expression were accompanied by the modulation of selective cell signaling pathways including integrins, the mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and the immediate‐early gene c‐Jun. These genes have been documented to mediate osteoblast growth and differentiation. The signal transduction occurs in a time‐dependent manner in which Consil® particles induce a decrease in the pattern of MAPK and c‐Jun gene transcription from 4 to 24 h and a subsequent return to control levels by 7 days in culture. Our observations suggest that Consil® Bioglass® particles may provide cues that enhance cell division necessary for facilitating bone regeneration and the repair of bony defects. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010
Biomineralized composite substrates increase gene expression with nonviral delivery
Authors: Rao Rameshwar R. , He Jiawei , Leach J. Kent 
Published: February 2010

AbstractCurrent strategies to enhance gene transfer have focused on the development of vectors to increase the efficiency of DNA delivery. However, the extracellular matrix and microenvironment have a profound impact on numerous cellular activities including spreading and proliferation; two processes that have been associated with gene transfer efficiency. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that the presence of a biomineralized coating on biodegradable substrates would affect transgene expression following nonviral gene delivery. Thin films were prepared from polymeric microspheres, while biomineralized films were fabricated from microspheres previously soaked in modified simulated body fluid. Mineralized films were significantly more rigid and had widespread mineral coverage compared with nonmineralized substrates. Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were cultured on biomineralized or nonmineralized films and transfected with plasmid DNA condensed with linear polyethyleneimine (PEI). Compared with cells transfected on nonmineralized films, increases in gene expression were detected in the presence of biomineral at all charge ratios examined. We observed increased uptake of both PEI and DNA by cells on mineralized films. The results of these studies offer an approach to modulate gene delivery and improve the potential benefit of nonviral gene delivery approaches. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 2010
Fabrication and characterization of a biomimetic composite scaffold for bone defect repair
Authors: Nitzsche H. , Lochmann A. , Metz H. , Hauser A. , Syrowatka F. , Hempel E. , Müller T. , Thurn‐Albrecht T. , Mäder K. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractFor successful bone tissue engineering, scaffolds with tailored properties are a basic requirement. The combination of different available materials not only appears to be desirable but also very challenging. In this study, a composite material consisting of hydroxyapatite and collagen was produced by a biomimetic precipitation method and characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetry (TGA). Subsequently, a suspension‐quick‐freezing and lyophilization method was used to incorporate the hydroxyapatite into a polymeric matrix consisting of collagen and chitosan. Before physicochemical characterization, the highly porous scaffolds were consolidated by a dehydrothermal treatment (DHT). The main attention was focused on the particle size of hydroxyapatite, which should be in the nanometer range. This is relevant to achieve a homogeneous resorption of the material by osteoclasts. Small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) were used to evaluate the outcome. The results suggest a successful polymeric embedding of nanoscaled hydroxyapatite particles into the matrix of the spongy construct. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010
Who can win with a cost and profitability system?
Authors: Lawson Raef A. , Hatch Toby , Desroches Denis , Stratton William O. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractWhat kinds of companies have successful cost and profitability systems? The authors surveyed companies from all over the world to find out. The results show that significant investments in time and money are required, but companies that succeed see significant benefits from their cost systems and share some common traits. They have a culture that encourages employees not only to understand their costs and profits, but also to act on the information. These companies often use activity‐based costing and use their systems for operational, financial, and strategic decision support. They can also determine cost and profitability at all appropriate levels—for activities, products, customers, and departments. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Accuracy of transrectal ultrasonography in staging rectal tumors that are clinically eligible for transanal endoscopic microsurgery
Authors: Koebrugge Boukje , Bosscha Koop , Jager Gerrit , Ernst Miranda 
Published: February 2010

AbstractPurposeTransanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) is performed in patients with premalignant or selected stage T1 rectal lesions. Transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) is an important tool in the preoperative staging of rectal lesions to determine whether lesions are suitable for TEM or not. We analyze the accuracy of TRUS in distinguishing between rectal lesions requiring TEM or more radical excision.MethodsFrom 2006 to 2008 thirty‐five patients were included. All patients underwent TRUS. Following TRUS and/or additional imaging, patients underwent surgery. Preoperative TRUS staging was correlated to postoperative pathology findings.ResultsIn 30 patients TRUS was diagnostic. Postoperative pathologic findings confirmed the preoperative TRUS findings in 29 patients; in 1 patient, a T3 staged tumor was an overstaged lesion biopsied as a tubulovillous adenoma. The accuracy level in the diagnostic TRUS group was 97% (29/30). In 5 patients TRUS was nondiagnostic; in 4 of these patients MRI was performed showing no tumor invasion in all 4 patients, confirmed by pathologic findings. Correct TRUS interpretation was possible in 86% (30/35). Overall accuracy of TRUS was 83% (29/35).ConclusionTRUS is accurate in distinguishing rectal lesions suitable for TEM from the lesions needing more radical surgery. If TRUS is nondiagnostic or the lesion is of high stage (≥T2), MRI should be performed. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2010
Synthesis of pyrazolopyridine 3‐carboxylates by Friedlander condensation
Authors: Toche Raghunath B. , Bhavsar Dinesh C. , Kazi Muddassar A. , Bagul Sandeep M. , Jachak Madhukar N. 
Published: February 2010

Abstractmagnified imageA series of 1,3,6‐trisubstituted and 1,3,5,6‐tetrasubstituted pyrazolo [3,4‐b] pyridines5have been synthesized by series of reactions on 1‐phenyl‐3‐carboxylate pyrazolone to obtaino‐aminoaldehyde, which undergo facile condensation with various α‐methylene ketones, nitriles, and esters, furnish fused pyridine derivative in good yield. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2010).
Age dependence of expression of growth factor receptors in porcine ACL fibroblasts
Authors: Vavken Patrick , Saad Fawzy A. , Murray Martha M. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractTissue engineering approaches that harness the stimulatory power of platelet‐rich plasma have produced encouraging results in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) repair. However, a number of recent studies have demonstrated age‐dependent differences in cellular responses to such an approach. Identifying the reasons for these differences would allow counteracting them and consequently improve outcomes. In this study we hypothesized that these age‐related effects are caused by differences in the expression of the receptors for growth factors released from platelet‐rich plasma (PRP). Porcine ACL fibroblasts from a predetermined number of animals of different ages were obtained, and mRNA levels of the receptors of platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF), transforming growth factor β (TGF‐β), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were determined. Expression levels were compared across age groups (young and adolescent) and regressed on age in days. While no significant difference was seen across groups, the regression analysis showed decreases in receptor expression with increasing age. These differences were statistically significant for TGF‐β receptor 1, FGF receptor, and VEGF receptor 2; and borderline significant for TGF‐β receptor 3 and PDGF receptor. The only receptor that was not associated with age was VEGF receptor 1, a regulator of VEGF receptor 2. These findings suggest that the decrease in growth factor receptor expression as a likely reason for reduced PRP action with increasing age. © 2010 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 28:1107–1112, 2010
Enrichment and low‐level determination of glyphosate, aminomethylphosphonic acid and glufosinate in drinking water after cleanup by cation exchange resin
Authors: Küsters Markus , Gerhartz Michael 
Published: February 2010

AbstractFor the determination of glyphosate, aminomethylphosphonic acid and glufosinate in drinking water, different procedures of enrichment and cleanup were examined using anion exchange or SPE. In many cases interactions of, e.g. alkaline earth metal ions especially calcium could be observed during enrichment and cleanup resulting in loss of analytes. For that reason, a novel cleanup and enrichment procedure for the determination of these phosphonic acid herbicides has been developed in drinking water using cation‐exchange resin. In summary, the cleanup procedure with cation‐exchange resin developed in this study avoids interactions as described above and is applicable to calcium‐rich drinking water samples. After derivatization with 9‐fluorenylmethylchloroformate followed by LC with fluorescence detection, LOD of 12, 14 and 12 ng/L and mean recoveries from real‐world drinking water samples of 98±9, 100±16 and 101±11% were obtained for glyphosate, aminomethylphosphonic acid and glufosinate, respectively. The low LODs and the high precision permit the analysis of these phosphonic acid herbicides according to the guidelines of the European Commission.
On‐line HPLC method for screening of antioxidants against superoxide anion radical from complex mixtures
Authors: Sun Cuirong , Fu Jindi , Chen Juanjuan , Jiang Liyan , Pan Yuanjiang 
Published: February 2010

AbstractA practical approach for rapidly screening antioxidants against superoxide anion radicals from complex mixtures was developed based on the quantitative difference in active compounds before and after their reaction. To test the effectiveness of the approach, seven flavonoids with antioxidative properties were investigated both individually and in a mixture. Using the approach, antioxidants could be rapidly separated and screened with a ranked order of activities in the meantime. The radical scavenging activities were in the following order: quercetin > kaempferol > fisetin > puerarin > luteolin > rutin > baicalein. The order of activity was conducted by comparing the scavenging ratio of the antioxidant, which was completely consistent with the results obtained from the traditional electronic spin resonance. Then, the method was successfully applied to black tea extracts. This approach is fast and convenient for screening, isolating, and analyzing potential antioxidants from a mixture with good quantitative and reproducible ability.
Aqueous normal phase retention of nucleotides on silica hydride‐based columns: Method development strategies for analytes revelant in clinical analysis
Authors: Matyska Maria T. , Pesek Joseph J. , Duley John , Zamzami Mazin , Fischer Steven M. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractAn aqueous normal phase HPLC method coupled with UV or ESI/MS detection was used for the determination of a wide variety of nucleotides, essential in metabolomics studies. Fifteen nucleotides were tested in clinically relevant mixtures at levels of 100 μg/mL for UV detection and 1 μg/mL for ESI‐MS detection. Analysis times for all protocols developed were less than 20 min. The chromatographic conditions were changed to achieve optimized retention and separation of the nucleotides studied. The aqueous normal phase‐HPLC methods were developed utilizing two columns, one having a minimally modified hydride surface another having an undecanoic acid moiety on a hydride surface. Volatile, low ionic strength mobile phases were used. Negative ion mode ESI‐MS at near neutral pH mobile phase, combined with a TOF detector provided a highly sensitive and specific method, which is equally suitable for quadrupole and ion trap instruments.
Evaluating the effectiveness of destination marketing organisations' websites: evidence from China
Authors: Li Xu , Wang Youcheng 
Published: February 2010

AbstractDespite the extensive use of the Internet as a marketing tool by Chinese destination marketing organisations (DMOs), few studies have been conducted to measure the effectiveness of Chinese DMOs' websites. This study attempted to fill the gap by constructing a conceptual website evaluation model consisting of five dimensions of information, communication, transaction, relationship and technical merit. The proposed framework was tested to evaluate the effectiveness of each of the dimensions of 31 Chinese Provincial Tourism Administrations' (PTAs) websites. The results indicated that overall, the PTAs in China were not using their websites effectively. Among the five dimensions, transaction and relationship dimensions were the weakest areas of Chinese PTAs' websites. Great variation exists in the website effectiveness among different provinces. Suggestions and implications were provided and discussed. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Degradation and development of peatlands in Peninsular Malaysia and in the islands of Sumatra and Borneo since 1990
Authors: Miettinen J. , Liew S. C. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the extent of peatland degradation and development in Peninsular Malaysia and in the islands of Sumatra and Borneo, in the western part of insular Southeast Asia, since 1990. Furthermore, carbon emissions caused by these land cover changes were estimated in order to evaluate their contribution to global climate change. High resolution Landsat (30 m spatial resolution) and Satellite Pour l'Observation de la Terre (SPOT; 10–20 m) satellite images were used to derive information on land cover in 1990 and 2008. Analysis of land cover changes since 1990 revealed remarkable reduction and degradation of peatswamp forest ecosystems. In less than 20 years, 5·1 Mha of the total 15·5 Mha of peatland had been deforested (11·6 Mha → 6·5 Mha; 75 per cent → 42 per cent) and the great majority of the remaining forests had been selectively logged. Simultaneously, area covered by unmanaged secondary growth ecosystems had doubled to nearly a quarter of all peatlands and industrial plantations had expanded dramatically (0·3 Mha → 2·3 Mha; 2 per cent → 15 per cent). It was conservatively estimated that these changes have caused minimum of 1·5 Gt carbon emissions into the atmosphere since 1990. Currently, peatlands of the study area emit at least 81 Mt of carbon (equivalent to 300 Mt of carbon dioxide) on annual basis due to mere peat decomposition. Thereby, it was concluded that peatland degradation and development in insular Southeast Asia during the past two decades have not only put the existence of Southeast Asian peatswamp forest ecosystems in danger but it has also caused globally significant carbon emissions and created a constant source of carbon dioxide. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.