bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Watching the guards: Ensuring compliance with fundamental rights at the external borders
Authors: Rijpma Jorrit J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe essay deals with the enhancement of the legal framework for informal readmissions at internal borders enshrined in the proposal on an amended Schengen Border Code, which in turn requires enhancement of bilateral police cooperation. It focuses on the impact of the new rules on the prohibition on police controls equivalent to border checks to highlight that the case‐law of the Court of Justice on the matter creates a huge grey area which is critical for the ideal of a border‐check‐free Union. Increased use of video surveillance and other technologies also faces the legal bottleneck of prohibition on police controls having equivalent effects to border checks, as well as raising serious concerns on fundamental rights. It is argued that the situation resulting from these amendments to the Schengen Border Code should be considered in terms of an impending rule of law crisis at internal borders. [Correction added on 19 July 2024 after first online publication: The Abstract section was previously omitted and has been included in this version.]
Unlocking the secret life of blue mussels: Exploring connectivity in the Skagerrak through biophysical modeling and population genomics
Authors: Gustafsson Malin , Strand Åsa , Laugen Ane T. , Albretsen Jon , André Carl , Broström Göran , Jorde Per Erik , Knutsen Halvor , Ortega‐Martinez Olga , Sodeland Marte , Waern Malin , Wrange Anna‐Lisa , De Wit Pierre 
Published: May 2024

AbstractKnowledge of functional dispersal barriers in the marine environment can be used to inform a wide variety of management actions, such as marine spatial planning, restoration efforts, fisheries regulations, and invasive species management. Locations and causes of dispersal barriers can be studied through various methods, including movement tracking, biophysical modeling, demographic models, and genetics. Combining methods illustrating potential dispersal, such as biophysical modeling, with realized dispersal through, e.g., genetic connectivity estimates, provides particularly useful information for teasing apart potential causes of observed barriers. In this study, we focus on blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) in the Skagerrak—a marginal sea connected to the North Sea in Northern Europe—and combine biophysical models of larval dispersal with genomic data to infer locations and causes of dispersal barriers in the area. Results from both methods agree; patterns of ocean currents are a major structuring factor in the area. We find a complex pattern of source‐sink dynamics with several dispersal barriers and show that some areas can be isolated despite an overall high dispersal capability. Finally, we translate our finding into management advice that can be used to sustainably manage this ecologically and economically important species in the future.
Effects of episodic stream dewatering on brook trout spatial population structure
Authors: Hitt Nathaniel P. , Rogers Karli M. , Kessler Karmann G. , Briggs Martin A. , Fair Jennifer H. , Dolloff C. Andrew 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Stream dewatering is expected to become more prevalent due to climate change, and we explored the potential consequences for brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) within a temperate forest ecosystem in eastern North America.

We estimated fish density within stream pools (n = 386) from electrofishing surveys over 10 years (2012–2021) to compare a stream that exhibits episodic dewatering (Paine Run) against a stream of similar size that remains flow‐connected (Staunton River) within Shenandoah National Park, Virginia (U.S.A.). Annual surveys encompassed fluvial distances ranging from 2.6 to 4.4 km in each stream.

Mean annual fish density (fish/pool m2) was not different between streams for juvenile or adult age classes, but spatial variation in density was greater in Paine Run for both age classes of fish. Paine Run also included a greater proportion of unoccupied pools than Staunton River and exhibited stronger spatial autocorrelation in fish density among nearby pools, suggesting dispersal limitation due to surface flow fragmentation.

Fish density in pools increased during years with low summer precipitation, and this effect was observed in both streams but was stronger in Paine Run than Staunton River, further indicating the importance of fish movement into pools in response to low‐flow thresholds.

Our results indicate the importance of pools as ecological refuges during low‐flow conditions and that episodic dewatering may affect extirpation risks for brook trout by sequestering more fish into fewer areas. Our findings also highlight the importance of hydrological variation within stream networks because downstream river gages could not predict the observed spatial heterogeneity in fish density or pool occupancy.
Does work after retirement affect health‐related quality of life: Evidence from a propensity score matching study in China
Authors: Wang Yiming , Tian Yong , Du Wei , Fan Lijun 
Published: May 2024

AimExtending working life is considered as an important initiative to respond to the population aging and pension payment dilemma. This study aimed to investigate whether work after retirement is related to improved health‐related quality of life.MethodsWe used two waves of data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study in 2011 and 2018. Work after retirement was ascertained based on self‐reported retirement and work status, and health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) was measured with the three‐level EuroQol five‐dimensions. The impact of work after retirement on HRQOL was analyzed using the propensity score matching with difference‐in‐difference approach.ResultsA total of 1043 retirees were included. The results showed that work after retirement was associated with significant improvement in HRQOL among retirees (β = 0.072, P < 0.001). Heterogeneity analyses did not show specificity on sex (P for sex interaction >0.05), but older‐aged retirees seemed more sensitive to the benefits of work after retirement on HRQOL than their younger‐aged counterparts (≥65 years: β = 0.167, P < 0.001 vs <65 years: β = −0.047, P > 0.05; P for age interaction = 0.010).ConclusionsWork after retirement shows a positive impact on HRQOL among community‐dwelling adults in China. Policy‐makers should take the health of retirees into account when implementing policies related to delayed retirement, and reduce health inequity. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 722–729.
Subgingival 0.75% boric acid vs 1% povidone‐iodine adjunctive to subgingival instrumentation in stage II and III periodontitis–A double‐blind randomized clinical trial
Authors: Pham Thuy Anh Vu , Nguyen Minh Duc 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPurposeTo compare the effects of subgingival irrigation with 0.75% boric acid (BA) and 1% povidone‐iodine (PVP‐I) as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) on clinical and microbiologic parameters in the management of patients with periodontitis after a 12‐month follow‐up.MethodsSixty systemically healthy individuals diagnosed with periodontitis were included in this double‐blind randomised clinical trial. The patients were randomly allocated to treatment groups: (1) SRP plus 0.75% BA and (2) SRP plus 1% PVP‐I. Whole‐mouth periodontals were clinically examined, and the counts of bacteria including Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Treponema denticola (Td), Tannerella forsythia (Tf), Solobacterium moorei (Sm) and Streptococcus salivarius (Ss) were tested by real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).ResultsAll periodontal parameters and the counts of Aa, Fn, Pg, Td, Tf, Sm and Ss in both groups showed statistically significant reductions at T3, T6 and T12 compared to T0. Whole‐mouth or moderate or severe PD and CAL improvements were significantly found in the 0.75% BA group compared to the 1% PVP‐I group at T3, T6 and T12. The reduction in Aa or Fn and the reduction in Ss were significantly higher in the 0.75% BA group at T6 and T12 than in the 1% PVP‐I group.ConclusionThis study shows that subgingival irrigation with 0.75% BA may be an alternative to 1% PVP‐I because it promotes greater PD reductions and CAL gain, particularly up to 12 months after treatment.
Prognostic outcomes in Japanese patients with metastatic castration‐sensitive prostate cancer: Comparative assessments between conventional androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and ADT with novel androgen receptor signal inhibitor
Authors: Watanabe Hiromitsu , Nakane Keita , Takahara Kiyoshi , Naiki Taku , Yasui Takahiro , Shiroki Ryoichi , Koie Takuya , Miyake Hideaki 
Published: May 2024

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to compare the prognostic outcomes between metastatic castration‐sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) patients receiving conventional androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and those receiving ADT plus a novel androgen‐receptor signaling inhibitor (ARSI) in routine clinical practice in Japan.MethodsThis was conducted as a retrospective multicenter study including 581 mCSPC patients, consisting of 305 receiving ADT alone or in combination with bicalutamide (group 1) and 276 receiving ADT plus one of the following ARSIs: abiraterone acetate, apalutamide, or enzalutamide (group 2). Prognostic outcomes between these 2 groups were comprehensively compared.ResultsIn the entire cohort, prostate‐specific antigen—progression‐free survival (PSA‐PFS) in group 2 was significantly longer than that in group 1, while no significant difference was noted in overall survival (OS) between the two groups. In patients corresponding to the LATITUDE high‐risk group, however, both PSA‐PFS and OS in group 2 were significantly longer than those in group 1. Of several factors examined, the following were identified as independent predictors of poor PSA‐PFS in the entire cohort as well as the LATITUDE high‐risk group: high C‐reactive protein, high lactate dehydrogenase, high alkaline phosphatase, high Gleason score, and group 1. Furthermore, it was possible to precisely classify both the entire cohort and LATITUDE high‐risk group into 3 risk groups regarding PSA‐PFS according to the positive numbers of independent factors: positive for ≤1 factor, favorable; 2 factors, intermediate; and ≥3 factors, poor.ConclusionCombined use of ARSIs with ADT could improve the prognostic outcomes of mCSPC patients, particularly those in the LATITUDE high‐risk group, in real‐world clinical practice in Japan.
The impact of automated writing evaluation on English as a foreign language learners' writing self‐efficacy, self‐regulation, anxiety, and performance
Authors: Sari Elif , Han Turgay 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundWith the growing trend of integrating technology into teaching environments, using Automated Writing Evaluation (AWE) in writing instruction has been extensively studied over the last two decades. The studies on AWE mostly investigated its impact on students' writing proficiencies and revealed conflicting results. However, very few studies have investigated how the use of AWE impacts learners' writing‐specific psychological factors, such as self‐efficacy, self‐regulation, and anxiety, from an empirical perspective. Therefore, further experimental studies are needed in this regard.ObjectivesThis study aimed at examining how a combined automated‐teacher feedback condition in which the students received automated feedback on their sentence‐level errors alongside teacher feedback on content and organization impacted English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students' self‐efficacy, self‐regulation, anxiety, and writing performance, compared with a traditional teacher‐only feedback condition.MethodsThe study utilized a quasi‐experimental design in which two intact classes were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. During one semester (16 weeks), students in the experimental group received both automated and teacher feedback, referred to in this study as combined automated‐teacher feedback. In contrast, students in the control group received only teacher feedback. Two scales, a questionnaire and a focus group interview, were used to obtain the data. The data were analysed using both quantitative and qualitative techniques.Results and ConclusionThe quantitative results demonstrated no statistically significant difference between the two types of feedback procedures in promoting the use of self‐regulated writing strategies by the students. However, the use of combined automated‐teacher feedback was found to be more effective than conventional teacher‐only feedback in enhancing the students' writing self‐efficacy and writing performance. The two different feedback processes were shown to be ineffective at helping the students' writing anxiety, however. The qualitative data also showed that students had favourable opinions of their experiences with receiving automated and teacher comments together.ImplicationsConsidering the findings of this study regarding the impact of combined automated‐teacher feedback on students' writing self‐efficacy and writing performance, as well as positive student perceptions, it is suggested that this feedback model is used as an alternative to teacher‐only feedback in EFL writing instruction.
Potential of computer‐mediated communications in directing communication repair, co‐regulation patterns and student engagement
Authors: Mohammadi Zenouzagh Zohre , Admiraal Wilfried , Saab Nadira 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackground studyAlthough the number of computer‐based instruction has increased drastically, the understanding of how design features of learning modality can affect learning remains incompelte. This partly stems from studies' heavy focus on modified output. Therefore, how interactive nature of computer‐mediated learning feeds into learning is under examined.ObjectivesThis study examined the potentials of multimodal and text‐based computer‐mediated communication (CMC) to support learner communication repair, co‐regulation patterns and engagement dimensions.MethodTo this end, collaborative online writing performance of 30 English as a Foreign Language learners in Moodle and online writing forum was analysed via conversation analysis. Data from stored conversation of Moodle and chat logs of writing forum were coded for communication repair to trace language related episodes (LREs), co‐regulation patterns and students' engagement dimensions.ResultsThe frequency analysis of coded data on LREs indicated while multimodal CMC involved students in global and organisational and content LREs, text‐based computer‐mediate communication involved students in morphosyntactic and lexical LREs. Results also indicated significant differences in co‐regulation patterns in multimodal and text‐based computer‐mediated communication. While students enacted planning, monitoring co‐regulation practices in multimodal computer‐mediated communication, students in text‐based CMC executed evaluation and elaboration co‐regulation practices. Findings also indicated that students were differentially engaged in learning. Students were more emotionally and socially engaged in multimodal CMC and cognitively and behaviourally engaged in text‐based computer‐mediated writing.ConclusionsThe results posit dual function for CMCs, as a mean for communication and cognitive co‐regulation. However, dynamics of interaction is influenced by the mode of interaction.
SAP deletion promotes malignant insulinoma progression by inducing CXCL12 secretion from CAFs via the CXCR4/p38/ERK signalling pathway
Authors: Jiang Guangchun , Xu Shuo , Mai Xiaobin , Tu Juan , Wang Le , Wang Lijing , Zhan Yaping , Wang Yan , Zhang Qianqian , Zheng Lingyun , Li Jiangchao , Tang Pei , Qi Cuiling 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMalignant insulinoma is an extremely rare type of functioning pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour with a high degree of malignancy and a high incidence of metastasis. However, it is still unclear how malignant insulinomas develop and metastasize. Serum amyloid P component (SAP), a member of the pentraxin protein family, is an acute‐phase protein secreted by liver cells. The role of SAP in insulinoma and the related mechanism are still unknown. To determine the effect of SAP on insulinoma, we crossed Rip1‐Tag2 mice, which spontaneously develop insulinoma, and SAP knockout (KO) mice to generate Rip1‐Tag2;SAP−/− mice. We found that SAP deletion significantly promoted the growth, invasion and metastasis of malignant insulinoma through C‐X‐C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12) secreted by cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Further study showed that SAP deletion promoted CXCL12 secretion by CAFs through the CXCR4/p38/ERK signalling pathway. These findings reveal a novel role and mechanism of SAP in malignant insulinoma and provide direct evidence that SAP may be a therapeutic agent for this disease.
Automatic assessment of bowel preparation by an artificial intelligence model and its clinical applicability
Authors: Lee Ji Young , Park Jooyoung , Lee Hyo Jeong , Park Hana , Jin Eun Hyo , Park Kanggil , Baek Ji Eun , Yang Dong‐Hoon , Hong Seung Wook , Kim Namkug , Byeon Jeong‐Sik 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackground and AimReliable bowel preparation assessment is important in colonoscopy. However, current scoring systems are limited by laborious and time‐consuming tasks and interobserver variability. We aimed to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) model to assess bowel cleanliness and evaluate its clinical applicability.MethodsA still image‐driven AI model to assess the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS) was developed and validated using 2361 colonoscopy images. For evaluating real‐world applicability, the model was validated using 113 10‐s colonoscopy video clips and 30 full colonoscopy videos to identify “adequate (BBPS 2–3)” or “inadequate (BBPS 0–1)” preparation. The model was tested with an external dataset of 29 colonoscopy videos. The clinical applicability of the model was evaluated using 225 consecutive colonoscopies. Inter‐rater variability was analyzed between the AI model and endoscopists.ResultsThe AI model achieved an accuracy of 94.0% and an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.939 with the still images. Model testing with an external dataset showed an accuracy of 95.3%, an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.976, and a sensitivity of 100% for the detection of inadequate preparations. The clinical applicability study showed an overall agreement rate of 85.3% between endoscopists and the AI model, with Fleiss' kappa of 0.686. The agreement rate was lower for the right colon compared with the transverse and left colon, with Fleiss' kappa of 0.563, 0.575, and 0.789, respectively.ConclusionsThe AI model demonstrated accurate bowel preparation assessment and substantial agreement with endoscopists. Further refinement of the AI model is warranted for effective monitoring of qualified colonoscopy in large‐scale screening programs.
Developing a circular design framework: Co‐creation and validation of a circular product and service design tool
Authors: Dagilienė Lina , Čeičytė‐Pranskūnė J. , Telešienė A. , Valušytė R. , Varžinskas V. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSustainable products are at the core of the circular economy, which is gaining momentum in scientific, economic, and policy fields. However, existing research in the field of circular product design remains fragmented. The literature has generally tended to focus on material or resource efficiency, while other complex issues related to product ecosystem also exist, such as the needs of the ecosystem (non‐human) and human user, circular challenge, and circular business model. By using a co‐creation approach, this study aims to create and validate a circular product design framework (CD‐Framework) and a self‐assessment tool for circular product design (CD‐Tool) that facilitates an understanding of how product circularity can be improved from the product ideation. The proposed CD‐Framework consists of 10 interconnected categories: circular challenge; circular business model; production; digital fabrication technologies; materials; branding and communication for circularity; packaging, distribution and logistics; user; usage; and after usage. The CD‐Tool was designed as a tool to aid product developers from various industry sectors in the self‐assessment of the circularity of product design. We contribute to developing tools that accelerate integration of circularity into product design through product‐level and ecosystem‐level considerations.
Clinicians Address Gestational Weight Gain and Nutrition Using the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) Nutrition Checklist
Authors: Salazar Nichele , Ortiz Felina , Edie Alison , Miller Anne 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe negative effects of excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) and obesity during pregnancy are well documented in the literature. However, lack of time, education, comfort, and confidence among health care providers often make it difficult to provide proper nutrition and weight gain guidance for pregnant persons. In response, the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) has developed a nutrition checklist that can standardize recommendations for GWG, facilitate discussions with pregnant persons, and aid providers with nutrition education. The checklist is an innovative tool that can help reduce complications associated with excessive GWG. This article discusses the benefits of FIGO Nutrition Checklist and its implementation at a midwifery clinic that primarily serves Native American women. By using this quick, simple, guided, time‐efficient tool, clinics can be successful in facilitating important conversations and education about nutrition and GWG during pregnancy.
Anti‐hair loss effect of a shampoo containing caffeine and adenosine
Authors: Chen Dongxiao , Yu Fanglu , Wang Congcong , Chen Haowei , Tan Jie , Shi Qingying , He Xihong , Liu Xinyan , Wang Fang , Zhao Huabing 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundHair loss is a widespread health problem that affects numerous individuals and is associated with age, lack of sleep, stress, endocrine problems, and other problems. Caffeine exerts various pharmacological effects, particularly after ingestion. The caffeine‐induced inhibition of phosphodiesterases can increase intracellular cAMP concentrations, ultimately resulting in stimulatory effects on cell metabolism and proliferation. Hence, caffeine has been confirmed to inhibit hair loss caused by premature termination of the hair growth phase. Adenosine also improves hair loss by stimulating hair growth and thickening hair shafts. However, further empirical evidence is required to comprehensively assess the efficacy of hair loss treatment and prevention using a formulation of caffeine and adenosine in specific proportions in shampoos.ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate a shampoo with caffeine and adenosine as a daily scalp care product for hair loss in 77 subjects aged 18–60 years.MethodsThe overall and local hair densities were assessed using professional cameras and dermoscopes at different magnifications and distances. Five hairs that came off the participant's head were randomly selected to measure hair diameter. The self‐assessment questionnaires were filled on third month of product use.ResultsThe combination of caffeine and adenosine in the shampoo significantly enhanced hair density compared to that of the baseline. The results revealed a significant reduction in hair loss. The hair diameters of the subjects did not change significantly. Most of the participants (71.05%) were satisfied with their hair after using the product.ConclusionsShampoos containing caffeine and adenosine have been demonstrated to exert therapeutic benefits for reducing hair loss.