bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of molecular structure on intermolecular interactions and organic solid state luminescence in supramolecular systems
Authors: Anthony Savarimuthu Philip , Varughese Sunil , Draper Sylvia M. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractSupramolecular chemistry provides a versatile approach to tune organic solid state luminescence by controlling the molecular organization through weak interactions. In this study, we have successfully tuned the solid state luminescence of 2‐cyano‐3(4‐(diphenylamino)phenyl)acrylic acid (CDPA) by co‐crystallizing with substituted pyridines. The position of methyl group on the pyridine (4‐picoline, 3‐picoline, and 2‐picoline) has a dramatic effect on the supramolecular interactions formed, from usual carboxylic acid–pyridine interactions to deprotonation of CDPA in the crystal lattice and that allows to tune the CDPA solid state luminescence from 587 to 548 nm gradually. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluation of the psychometric properties of the BCPT Symptom Checklist with a sample of breast cancer patients before and after adjuvant therapy
Authors: Terhorst Lauren , Blair‐Belansky Heather , Moore Paul J. , Bender Catherine 
Published: July 2010

AbstractObjective: The purpose of this analysis was to provide psychometric information related to the Breast Cancer Prevention Trial (BCPT) Symptom Checklist in women with breast cancer prior to the initiation of adjuvant therapy and 6 months post‐initiation of therapy.Methods: This investigation was a secondary analysis of baseline data from the Anastrozole Use in Menopausal Women (AIM) Study (R01 CA 107408). The data used in this study were obtained from women diagnosed with Stage I, II, and IIIa breast cancer and who received adjuvant therapy that included chemotherapy alone, anastrozole alone, and chemotherapy plus anastrozole. Data were examined before adjuvant therapy (n=278), and at 6 months post‐adjuvant therapy (n=195). Construct validity was examined through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and the internal consistency of each resulting subscale was computed. Discriminant validity evidence was obtained by correlating BCPT subscales with subscales from the MOS SF‐36.Results: A seven‐factor structure was extracted from the 42 items at baseline; an eight‐factor structure was found using 6‐month data. CFA was performed to compare the baseline and 6‐month models as well as an eight‐factor model recommended by Cella et al. Findings revealed that the two eight‐factor models best represented the data. Low negative correlations with the subscales of the MOS SF‐36 provided discriminant validity evidence.Conclusion: This analysis provides evidence for the reliability, discriminant validity, and factor structure of the BCPT Symptom Checklist. Further testing of this instrument is needed to confirm the factor structure of this measure. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Galectin‐3 is a substrate for prostate specific antigen (PSA) in human seminal plasma
Authors: Saraswati Sarika , Block Ashley S. , Davidson Mari. K. , Rank Roger. G. , Mahadevan Maha , Diekman Alan B. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBACKGROUNDGalectin‐3 is a multivalent carbohydrate‐binding protein involved in cell adhesion, cell cycle control, immunomodulation, and cancer progression, including prostate cancer. Galectin‐3 function is regulated by proteolytic cleavage that destroys galectin‐3 multivalency while preserving carbohydrate‐binding activity. In human semen, galectin‐3 is present in seminal plasma and is also associated with prostasomes, exosome‐like vesicles secreted by the prostate. In the current study, we characterized the proteolytic activity that cleaves galectin‐3 in human seminal plasma.METHODSAn in vitro assay was developed to investigate galectin‐3 cleavage in seminal plasma. The effect of protease inhibitors, divalent ion chelators, and Zn2+ on the cleavage activity was determined. Proteases enriched from seminal plasma were tested for their ability to cleave galectin‐3. Affinity purification and microsequence analysis were used to identify the cleavage site in galectin‐3.RESULTSGalectin‐3 was identified in human seminal plasma in an intact and truncated form. Gelatinases enriched from seminal plasma did not cleave galectin‐3. Inhibitor studies indicated that the galectin‐3 cleavage activity in seminal plasma is a Zn2+ sensitive, serine protease. Prostate specific antigen (PSA) was demonstrated to cleave galectin‐3 between tyrosine107‐glycine108 and produce a functionally active, monovalent lectin.CONCLUSIONSPSA is a chymotrypsin‐like serine protease secreted by the prostatic epithelium and normally functions in liquefaction of semen following ejaculation. Furthermore, PSA is implicated in the promotion of localized prostate tumors and bone metastases by its roles in immunomodulation, invasion, and apoptosis. Our results indicate that PSA regulates galectin‐3 in human semen and may regulate galectin‐3 function during prostate cancer progression. Prostate 71: 197–208, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Inhibition of ADAM9 expression induces epithelial phenotypic alterations and sensitizes human prostate cancer cells to radiation and chemotherapy
Authors: Josson Sajni , Anderson Cynthia S. , Sung Shian‐Ying , Johnstone Peter A.S. , Kubo Hiroyuki , Hsieh Chia‐Ling , Arnold Rebecca , Gururajan Murali , Yates Clayton , Chung Leland W.K. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractINTRODUCTIONRecent studies demonstrated the importance of ADAM9 in prostate cancer relapse upon therapy. In this study, we determined the role of ADAM9 in the therapeutic resistance to radiation and chemotherapy.MATERIALS AND METHODSADAM9 was either transiently or stably knocked down in C4‐2 prostate cancer cells. The sensitivity of ADAM9 knockdown cells toward radiation and chemotherapeutic agents were determined. Additionally, the effects of ADAM9 knockdown on prostate cancer cell morphology, biochemical and functional alterations were accessed.RESULTSBoth transient and stable knockdown of ADAM9 resulted in increased apoptosis and increased sensitivity to radiation. ADAM9 knockdown also increased prostate cancer sensitivity to several chemotherapeutic drugs. ADAM9 knockdown resulted in increased E‐cadherin and altered integrin expression and underwent phenotypic epithelial transition. These were reflected by the morphological, biochemical, and functional alterations in the ADAM9 knockdown cells.CONCLUSIONSADAM9 plays a crucial role in prostate cancer progression and therapeutic resistance in part by altering E‐cadherin and integrin expression. ADAM9 is an important target for the consideration of treating prostate cancer patients who developed therapeutic resistance and disease relapse. Prostate 71:232–240, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hot Forging of C45 using PVD (Ti,Al)N/γ‐Al2O3 Coated Dies
Authors: Bobzin K. , Hirt G. , Springorum F. , Zitz U. , Steinhof F. , Bagcivan N. , Baadjou R. , Ewering M. , Immich P. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe process of hot forging with permanent moulds is a challenge in respect to the very high thermal, mechanical and tribological loads on tools. Ensuring sufficient lifetime application of protective films can be beneficial. Initial screening experiments using PVD coated compression plates show that one of the metastable phases of alumina, the γ‐phase, exhibits high strength and toughness and fulfils the requirements for a protective coating. The next important step in the development towards an industrial application is the implementation on complex tool shapes and verification in real forming experiments. After coating deposition using an industrial coating unit, coated dies were tested in forming experiments under industrial conditions. The forming experiments show an improvement of the wear resistance after 1000 forming cycles for the coated dies compared to the uncoated dies.
Atomic force microscopy of biological samples
Authors: Allison David P. , Mortensen Ninell P. , Sullivan Claretta J. , Doktycz Mitchel J. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe ability to evaluate structural–functional relationships in real time has allowed scanning probe microscopy (SPM) to assume a prominent role in post genomic biological research. In this mini‐review, we highlight the development of imaging and ancillary techniques that have allowed SPM to permeate many key areas of contemporary research. We begin by examining the invention of the scanning tunneling microscope (STM) by Binnig and Rohrer in 1982 and discuss how it served to team biologists with physicists to integrate high‐resolution microscopy into biological science. We point to the problems of imaging nonconductive biological samples with the STM and relate how this led to the evolution of the atomic force microscope (AFM) developed by Binnig, Quate, and Gerber, in 1986. Commercialization in the late 1980s established SPM as a powerful research tool in the biological research community. Contact mode AFM imaging was soon complemented by the development of non‐contact imaging modes. These non‐contact modes eventually became the primary focus for further new applications including the development of fast scanning methods. The extreme sensitivity of the AFM cantilever was recognized and has been developed into applications for measuring forces required for indenting biological surfaces and breaking bonds between biomolecules. Further functional augmentation to the cantilever tip allowed development of new and emerging techniques including scanning ion‐conductance microscopy (SICM), scanning electrochemical microscope (SECM), Kelvin force microscopy (KFM) and scanning near field ultrasonic holography (SNFUH). WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2010 2 618–634This article is categorized under:

Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Cells at the Nanoscale
Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging
Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology
Bis(methanesulfonyl) Peroxide, CH3S(O)2OOS(O)2CH3: Spectroscopic, Structural, and Thermal Properties
Authors: Zeng Xiaoqing , Beckers Helmut , Willner Helge , Lehmann Christian W. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBis(methanesulfonyl)peroxide, CH3S(O)2OOS(O)2CH3, was fully characterized by NMR, UV, and vibrational spectroscopy (ATR, matrix IR, and Raman), mass spectrometry, single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, and DFT calculations. Three gauche conformers were theoretically predicted, and probably due to the stabilization of intramolecular hydrogen bonding interactions the G+G– conformer was found to be most stable. G+/– designates anticlock/clockwise rotation around the O–S bonds at either end of the O–O linkage. Evidence for this most stable conformer was found for the matrix‐isolated molecules. Two other conformers G+G+ and G–G– were calculated to be 9.0 and 4.0 kJ·mol–1 higher in energy at the B3LYP/6‐311++G(d,p) level of theory. In the crystal structure of CH3S(O)2OOS(O)2CH3 [monoclinic, P21/c, a = 8.1214(17) Å, b = 8.9443(19) Å, c = 10.298(2) Å, α = γ = 90°, β = 110.815(4)°] the less stable G–G– conformer is stabilized due to strong intermolecular interactions. The crystalline solid explodes at 79 °C with a large enthalpy release of 266 kJ·mol–1 as determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
Radial basis function regression methods for predicting quantitative traits using SNP markers
Authors: LONG NANYE , GIANOLA DANIEL , ROSA GUILHERME J. M. , WEIGEL KENT A. , KRANIS ANDREAS , GONZÁLEZ-RECIO OSCAR 
Published: July 2010

SummaryA challenge when predicting total genetic values for complex quantitative traits is that an unknown number of quantitative trait loci may affect phenotypes via cryptic interactions. If markers are available, assuming that their effects on phenotypes are additive may lead to poor predictive ability. Non-parametric radial basis function (RBF) regression, which does not assume a particular form of the genotype–phenotype relationship, was investigated here by simulation and analysis of body weight and food conversion rate data in broilers. The simulation included a toy example in which an arbitrary non-linear genotype–phenotype relationship was assumed, and five different scenarios representing different broad sense heritability levels (0·1, 0·25, 0·5, 0·75 and 0·9) were created. In addition, a whole genome simulation was carried out, in which three different gene action modes (pure additive, additive+dominance and pure epistasis) were considered. In all analyses, a training set was used to fit the model and a testing set was used to evaluate predictive performance. The latter was measured by correlation and predictive mean-squared error (PMSE) on the testing data. For comparison, a linear additive model known as Bayes A was used as benchmark. Two RBF models with single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-specific (RBF I) and common (RBF II) weights were examined. Results indicated that, in the presence of complex genotype–phenotype relationships (i.e. non-linearity and non-additivity), RBF outperformed Bayes A in predicting total genetic values using SNP markers. Extension of Bayes A to include all additive, dominance and epistatic effects could improve its prediction accuracy. RBF I was generally better than RBF II, and was able to identify relevant SNPs in the toy example.
Bayesian mixture structural equation modelling in multiple-trait QTL mapping
Authors: MI XIAOJUAN , ESKRIDGE KENT , WANG DONG , BAENZIGER P. STEPHEN , CAMPBELL B. TODD , GILL KULVINDER S. , DWEIKAT ISMAIL 
Published: July 2010

SummaryQuantitative trait loci (QTLs) mapping often results in data on a number of traits that have well-established causal relationships. Many multi-trait QTL mapping methods that account for correlation among the multiple traits have been developed to improve the statistical power and the precision of QTL parameter estimation. However, none of these methods are capable of incorporating the causal structure among the traits. Consequently, genetic functions of the QTL may not be fully understood. In this paper, we developed a Bayesian multiple QTL mapping method for causally related traits using a mixture structural equation model (SEM), which allows researchers to decompose QTL effects into direct, indirect and total effects. Parameters are estimated based on their marginal posterior distribution. The posterior distributions of parameters are estimated using Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods such as the Gibbs sampler and the Metropolis–Hasting algorithm. The number of QTLs affecting traits is determined by the Bayes factor. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated by simulation study and applied to data from a wheat experiment. Compared with single trait Bayesian analysis, our proposed method not only improved the statistical power of QTL detection, accuracy and precision of parameter estimates but also provided important insight into how genes regulate traits directly and indirectly by fitting a more biologically sensible model.
L2-Boosting algorithm applied to high-dimensional problems in genomic selection
Authors: GONZÁLEZ-RECIO OSCAR , WEIGEL KENT A. , GIANOLA DANIEL , NAYA HUGO , ROSA GUILHERME J. M. 
Published: July 2010

SummaryTheL2-Boosting algorithm is one of the most promising machine-learning techniques that has appeared in recent decades. It may be applied to high-dimensional problems such as whole-genome studies, and it is relatively simple from a computational point of view. In this study, we used this algorithm in a genomic selection context to make predictions of yet to be observed outcomes. Two data sets were used: (1) productive lifetime predicted transmitting abilities from 4702 Holstein sires genotyped for 32 611 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) derived from the Illumina® BovineSNP50 BeadChip, and (2) progeny averages of food conversion rate, pre-corrected by environmental and mate effects, in 394 broilers genotyped for 3481 SNPs. Each of these data sets was split into training and testing sets, the latter comprising dairy or broiler sires whose ancestors were in the training set. Two weak learners, ordinary least squares (OLS) and non-parametric (NP) regression were used for theL2-Boosting algorithm, to provide a stringent evaluation of the procedure. This algorithm was compared with BL [Bayesian LASSO (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator)] and BayesA regression. Learning tasks were carried out in the training set, whereas validation of the models was performed in the testing set. Pearson correlations between predicted and observed responses in the dairy cattle (broiler) data set were 0·65 (0·33), 0·53 (0·37), 0·66 (0·26) and 0·63 (0·27) for OLS-Boosting, NP-Boosting, BL and BayesA, respectively. The smallest bias and mean-squared errors (MSEs) were obtained with OLS-Boosting in both the dairy cattle (0·08 and 1·08, respectively) and broiler (−0·011 and 0·006) data sets, respectively. In the dairy cattle data set, the BL was more accurate (bias=0·10 and MSE=1·10) than BayesA (bias=1·26 and MSE=2·81), whereas no differences between these two methods were found in the broiler data set.L2-Boosting with a suitable learner was found to be a competitive alternative for genomic selection applications, providing high accuracy and low bias in genomic-assisted evaluations with a relatively short computational time.
The impact of the Val158Met catechol-O-methyltransferase genotype on neural correlates of sad facial affect processing in patients with bipolar disorder and their relatives
Authors: Lelli-Chiesa G. , Kempton M. J. , Jogia J. , Tatarelli R. , Girardi P. , Powell J. , Collier D. A. , Frangou S. 
Published: July 2010

BackgroundThe Met allele of the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) valine-to-methionine (Val158Met) polymorphism is known to affect dopamine-dependent affective regulation within amygdala–prefrontal cortical (PFC) networks. It is also thought to increase the risk of a number of disorders characterized by affective morbidity including bipolar disorder (BD), major depressive disorder (MDD) and anxiety disorders. The disease risk conferred is small, suggesting that this polymorphism represents a modifier locus. Therefore our aim was to investigate how theCOMTVal158Met may contribute to phenotypic variation in clinical diagnosis using sad facial affect processing as a probe for its neural action.MethodWe employed functional magnetic resonance imaging to measure activation in the amygdala, ventromedial PFC (vmPFC) and ventrolateral PFC (vlPFC) during sad facial affect processing in family members with BD (n=40), MDD and anxiety disorders (n=22) or no psychiatric diagnosis (n=25) and 50 healthy controls.ResultsIrrespective of clinical phenotype, the Val158allele was associated with greater amygdala activation and the Met158allele with greater signal change in the vmPFC and vlPFC. Signal changes in the amygdala and vmPFC were not associated with disease expression. However, in the right vlPFC the Met158allele was associated with greater activation in all family members with affective morbidity compared with relatives without a psychiatric diagnosis and healthy controls.ConclusionsOur results suggest that theCOMTVal158Met polymorphism has a pleiotropic effect within the neural networks subserving emotional processing. Furthermore the Met158allele further reduces cortical efficiency in the vlPFC in individuals with affective morbidity.
Far infrared pedestrian detection and tracking for night driving
Authors: Olmeda Daniel , de la Escalera Arturo , Armingol José María 
Published: July 2010

SUMMARYThis paper presents a module for pedestrian detection from a moving vehicle in low-light conditions. The algorithm make use of a single far infrared camera based on a microbolometer. Images of the area ahead of the vehicle are analyzed to determine if any pedestrian might be in its trajectory. Detection is achieved by searching for distributions of temperatures in the scene similar to that of the human body. Those areas with an appropriate temperature, size, and position in the image are classified, by means of a correlation between them and some probabilistic models, which represents the average temperature of the different parts of the human body. Finally, those pedestrians found are tracked in a subsequent step, using an unscented Kalman filter. This final stage of the algorithm enables the algorithm to predict the trajectory of the pedestrian, in a way that does not depend on the movement of the camera. The aim of this system is to warn the vehicle's driver and reduce the reaction time in case an emergency break is necessary.
Role of Endoscopic Ultrasound for Evaluating Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders in Pediatrics: A Tertiary Care Center Experience
Authors: Al‐Rashdan Abdullah , LeBlanc Julia , Sherman Stuart , McHenry Lee , DeWitt John , Al‐Haddad Mohammad 
Published: July 2010

ABSTRACTBackground:Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) with or without fine needle aspiration (FNA) has a well‐established role in the evaluation of various gastrointestinal (GI) tract disorders in adults. The clinical impact of EUS on the management of the pediatric population remains less clear. This study evaluates the feasibility, safety, and applications of EUS ± FNA in pediatric GI tract disorders.Patients and Methods:Using a prospectively maintained EUS database, all patients 18 years of age or younger referred for EUS at our institution were identified. Retrospective chart review was conducted to document procedure indications, type of anesthesia used, EUS findings, final FNA cytology results, and clinical impact of EUS ± FNA on the subsequent management of pediatric patients.Results:Fifty‐eight EUS procedures were performed in 56 patients (35 girls). Median age was 16 years (range 4–18 years). The main indications for EUS were acute or recurrent pancreatitis, abdominal pain of suspected pancreatobiliary origin, suspected biliary obstruction, upper GI mucosal/submucosal lesions, and evaluation of pancreatic abnormalities seen on prior imaging. Sedation used included nurse‐administered propofol sedation in 38 (73%), general anesthesia in 9 (17%), and fentanyl with meperidine in 3 (6%). Five therapeutic procedures performed included celiac plexus blocks in 4 and 1 EUS‐guided pancreatogram. In 44 (86%) patients, EUS provided a new diagnosis. The procedure was successfully completed in all patients with no reported complications.Conclusions:EUS ± FNA is feasible and safe and makes a significant impact on most pediatric patients. Nurse‐administered propofol sedation appears to be safe and well tolerated in this group.