bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Major Diatom Microfossils from the Arctic Region: A Review
Authors: Guruvayoorappan Harikrishnan , Mohan Rahul 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Diatoms-the unicellular, eukaryotic, photosynthetic phytoplankton belonging to Class Bacillariophyceae are an excellent tool to understand past ocean surface conditions, especially in high latitude regions. Along with sea surface temperature and sea ice, which they are primarily sensitive to, diatom assemblages could potentially be used to record runoff from melting glaciers and atmospheric teleconnections such as North Atlantic Oscillations (NAO) in Arctic fjords. However, understanding the ecology and geographical distribution of diatoms is extremely important before they can be used for palaeoceanographic reconstructions. In this study, four significant Arctic diatoms namely Bacterosira bathyomphala, Fragilariopsis cylindrus, Fragilaripsis oceanica and Thalassiosira antarctica var. borealis resting spores (R.S.) have been reviewed to understand their current status in their use for palaeoceanographic reconstructions. These four diatoms have been selected as they represent a typical Arctic environment. Numerous studies in the past thirty years had classified these diatoms into different assemblage groups, indicating specific ocean surface conditions. Here, we review the previous studies and to present the up-to-date classification of these species. We also compared the change in abundance of these four species through mid to late Holocene and modern period to their respective sea surface temperature and sea ice reconstructions, to show the robustness of their usage in palaeoceanographic reconstructions. The findings of this study will help to understand the up-to-date ecological characteristics of Arctic diatoms used in palaeoceanographic as well as palaeoecological reconstructions and the gap areas in diatom research such as a requirement for pan Arctic Sea ice diatom dataset.
Foraminiferal Biostratigraphy and Paleoecology of the Southeasternmost Outcrops of the Oligocene Qom Formation, SE Iran
Authors: Mohammadi Ebrahim , Ameri Hamed 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The Qom Formation is deposited along more than 1800 km of the NE margin of the Tethyan Seaway in the Oligocene-Early Miocene during the final sea transgression on the Iranian Plate. We present (foraminiferal-based) biostratigraphic data from three exposed sections near the northwestern Jazmurian Lake, as the southeasternmost outcrops of the Qom Formation. Larger benthic foraminifera are mainly represented by nummulitids (Nummulites, Operculina, Heterostegina), lepidocyclinids (Nephrolepidina, Eulepidina, Lepidocyclina), and Amphistegina. The presence of Nummulites fichteli/intermedius and Nummulites vascus in the lower parts of the study sections together with lepidocyclinids indicates that their basal deposits could be attributed to the late Rupelian. The Qom Formation is of late Rupelian-Chattian in age in all three stratigraphic sections. Also, the presence of Nummulites- bearing tuffaceous limestones and tuff unit in the lower part of the Bozadan section is indicative of contemporaneous volcanic activity.
Most parts of the study sections with an association of large and flat perforate foraminifera were deposited in normal saline waters. These parts are presented by large and flat nummulitids, lepidocyclinids, and Amphistegina. These large and flat perforate foraminifera often dominate in the lower part of the photic zone. The abundance of larger benthic foraminiferal and coralline red algae and the coral facies indicates a tropical-subtropical palaeoenvironment.
Physico-mechanical Properties Estimation of Upper Siwalik Sandstone using Field (MASW) and Laboratory Test, Himachal Himalaya, India
Authors: Sahu Anamika , Kumar Prabhakar , Pandey Mohit , Singh Jyoti , Singh Sandeep , Joshi Anand , Samadhiya Narendra K , Soni Rajeev , Singh Satvinder 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
A study on the Upper Siwalik Sandstone was conducted to determine and compare the relationship between shear wave velocity and the petro-physical and petro-mechanical characteristics of the sandstone. Two localities in the Himachal Himalaya’s Bilaspur district were sampled for collection of sandstone of Upper Siwalik. The method of Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) was used to obtain average shear wave velocity at 30m depth (Vs30) in the field. The shear modulus of rocks is intimately correlated with the Vs30 parameter. The Vs30 value is 185 m/s for the Majher Khad (sandstone A) region and 366 m/s for the Dharot region (sandstone B). Based on obtained Vs30 values these two regions are classified under class D and class C respectively by the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP). Both the rocks belong to Upper Siwalik Sandstone, but diversity in Vs30 and shear modulus values can be ascribed to the composition of minerals, the size of the grains, and the cementing substances present in the rock.
Digital Mapping of Key Static Soil Attributes of Tamil Nadu, India using Legacy Soil Information
Authors: Kalaiselvi B. , Dharumarajan S. , Suputhra Amar , Lalitha M. , Vasundhara R. , Hegde Rajendra , Archana K.V. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Acquiring spatial soil information is pivotal for land resource management, environmental and soil modelling. Digital soil mapping approach helps in prediction of spatial soil properties by establishing the relationship between soil and environmental covariates. In the current study, we attempted to predict and map spatial distribution of soil depth, coarse fragments (CF), and soil textural classes over 0.13 million sq km area of Tamil Nadu, India. About 2105 samples were used for the prediction of soil attributes viz., soil depth and coarse fragments using random forest (RF) regression model, multiple linear regression (MLR), and support vector machine (SVM), while the same set of soil data was used to predict the soil textural classes as categorical variables using Random Forest classifier. Different environmental covariates such as derivatives of digital elevation models, IRS LISS-III data and bioclimatic variables were related for predicting the soil properties. The predicted soil depth and CF ranged from 46-200 cm and 1-42 per cent, respectively. The RF model outperformed by explaining the variability (R2) of 43% for soil depth and 21% for coarse fragments with root mean square error (RMSE) of 38 cm and 13%, respectively, whereas, MLR and SVM could achieve the maximum variability of R2 of 0.20 and 0.25 for soil depth and R2 of 0.07 and 0.09 for CF. With respect to soil textural classes, RF classifier performed well with overall accuracy of 63.8% and kappa index of 0.43. Variable importance ranking of Random Forest model showed that elevation, multiresolution valley bottom flatness (MrVBF), multiresolution ridge top flatness (MrRTF) and remote sensing variables (NDVI & EVI) displayed decisive role in prediction of the soil depth, coarse fragments and soil textural classes. In this study, 250 m resolution detailed soil depth, CF and textural class maps were prepared which will be useful for different environmental modelling and proper agricultural management purposes.
Brahmaputra River Bank Erosion as a Major Geo-Environmental Problem in Lower Assam, India
Authors: Ali Asraf 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe concepts as well as the methodological approaches for investigating geo-environmental pattern, process and problems in a region have been continuously getting their holds since few decades past to make them firm-footed in the contemporary trend of geo-environmental studies. The lower Brahmaputra River valley of Assam, like other parts of northeast India, stands amidst complex geotectonic and physiographic set-up because, of its hills, foothills and river plain topography. The state of Assam as a whole, eventually have been experiencing natural hazards like floods including flash floods, river bank erosion, landslide, etc. Out of which bank erosion heavily affects on the life and land properties of the peoples in affected area by completely damaging it. The river Brahmaputra has a tendency to shifting southward due to various geo-tectonic and seismic instabilities of the region. It is found that during the last 50 years nearly 100 sq km of the study area is eroded in the southern part of the district of Goalpara only. The intensity of shifting is very high mostly in the lower Brahmaputra valley including western margin of the districts of Goalpara, South Salmara Mankachar and Dhubri. The data derived from 14 cross sections along the selected points of lower Brahmaputra reveals that the average annual southward shifting of the river due to bank erosion is 109.14 m/year.Hence, bank erosion has been a serious problem, which is caused mainly by the seismic instability, stream bed rise-up, continuous sedimentation; Intense rainfall, etc. And eventually the phenomenon results into the loss of large tracts of fertile agricultural lands on both the banks of the river Brahmaputra in the study area. The present paper is an attempt to analyze the cause and consequences of Brahmaputra River Bank Erosion as a major geo-environmental problem with special reference to the bank line at Goalpara district of lower Assam in India.
A Palavra Mágica no Islã: "Shahada", um Rito de Iniciação na Fé Islâmica
Authors: Da Cruz Josilene Silva , Gomes Eunice Simões Lins 
Published: June 2024

Resumo: neste artigo pretendemos apresentar a relevÃ¢ncia dos ritos dentro da religiÃ£o islÃ¢mica principalmente os ritos que constituem os pilares da fÃ© ressaltando a Shadada como um rito iniciatÃ³rio. Nossa metodologia se pautarÃ¡ em pesquisa descritiva bibliogrÃ¡fica na qual estaremos fazendo uma relaÃ§Ã£o com a teoria do mito de Ernst Cassirer, essencialmente os argumentos apresentados na sua obra Linguagem e Mito (2009) demonstrando o poder da palavra como â??arquipotÃªnciaâ?. Deste modo para realizarmos a anÃ¡lise proposta temos tambÃ©m como fundamentaÃ§Ã£o a hermenÃªutica, pois a utilizaremos como um viÃ©s interpretativo em nosso artigo. Realizando uma conexÃ£o entre os argumentos trazidos por Cassirer na obra supracitada e relacionado-os com o rito da Shahada que Ã© comumente conhecido como sua profissÃ£o de fÃ©. Com este estudo pudemos verificar neste rito uma espÃ©cie de consagraÃ§Ã£o Ã Deus (Allah) e no qual a palavra se constitui como elemento mÃ¡gico-transformador, ressaltando a crenÃ§a monoteÃ­sta como principal fundamento da fÃ© islÃ¢mica.
Palavras-chave: Rito de iniciaÃ§Ã£o. OraÃ§Ã£o. HermenÃªutica. Palavra. Islamismo.
A study on comparison of cleaning efficiency of rotary and manually operated endodontic files
Authors: Singgam Sneha , Lisam Bharti 
Published: June 2024

: The purpose of this study is comparison of cleaning efficiency of rotary and manual endo files during cleaning and shaping of primary and permanent tooth.: A total of 100 articles were searched in pubmed on cleaning efficiency of rotary and manual files. Articles which had protocol on cleaning efficacy rather than cyclic fatigue and torsional effects were included. A total of 15 articles were assessed out of which 7 were included.: Rotary files were found to have significantly better cleaning efficiency and less time consumption on primary and permanent tooth. However manual endodontic files were also found to serve equivalent cleaning efficiency.: In this study we obtain several articles which stated variable results and conclusion. However, particularly on cleaning efficiency, rotary and manual endodontic files were found to have significantly no differences in primary as well as permanent tooth.
Dens in dente: A review of literature with a rare case report
Authors: Varshney Ashima , Gupta Sonal , Saly Afsia 
Published: June 2024

Dens invaginatus (DI) (dens in dente) is a developmental anomaly resulting from an invagination in part of variable depth of the enamel organ into the dental papilla in the surface of the crown before calcification of the dental tissues. They are a target for caries leading to pulp necrosis and apical pathosis, so the diagnosis and early prevention measures are important. When treatment is necessary, conservative, endodontic, and periodontal possibilities are very effective. Surgical interventions are only rarely indicated. This article presents a unique case report of unilateral DI of Type III (Ohlers) involving the maxillary left central incisor as well as a comprehensive review of literature on history, aetiology and classification. Early detection and management are recommended before the development of pulpal and periodontal pathosis that further complicates the prognosis. Postoperative follow-up subsequent to treatment is essential for effective long-term clinical management.
From sustainability to resilience: tracing the transition path for spatial planning policy in Greece
Authors: Asprogerakas Evangelos , Tasopoulou Anastasia 
Published: June 2024

Sustainability and resilience are currently key analytical concepts with wide acceptance among different disciplines. This study initially attempts a comprehensive analysis of the current policy to specify the meaningful elements for integrating these concepts into spatial planning theory and practice. Then, a critical review of the Greek spatial planning policy aims to shed light on its evolution in relation to the two paradigms. The findings show that the actual shift from sustainability to resilience remains to be observed and that more attention should be focused on the political rather than the administrative aspect of planning.
PEDIATRIC OCULAR TRAUMA MANAGEMENT: A CASE STUDY OF EFFECTIVE INTRA-ORBITAL FOREIGN BODY IOFB EXTRACTION
Authors: Alexandria Stephanie  , Liesa Z Subuh  , Doni Setiawan  , Yugos Juli Fitra  
Published: June 2024

Highlights:

The rare nature of Orbitocranial Injury with Intraorbital Foreign Body (IOFB).
Utilizing a 3D Head CT Scan to ascertain the precise location of the IOFB and its impact on anatomical structures is pivotal in shaping immediate treatment strategies, thereby reducing the potential for complications.

Abstract:
Introduction: Penetrating intraorbital foreign body (IOFB) injuries are a rare form of traumatic injury. Recognized as a surgical emergency, meticulous history-taking and a thorough examination are essential for determining the trauma's mechanism and cause, facilitating accurate diagnosis and effective disease management.
Case Illustration: In the emergency room, a 5-year-old female patient was presented with a craniofacial injury resulting from an IOFB. An evacuation procedure, conducted through a subsidiary incision, was performed to extract the foreign body. Interestingly, the object removed from the orbital cavity was a plastic foreign body, initially suspected to be a fractured orbital bone.
Discussion: The clinical presentation, management, and outcomes of orbital foreign body injuries can differ based on the material composition of the foreign body. In cases of intraorbital foreign body trauma, the primary treatment goal is foreign body removal.
Conclusion: Precise and accurate initial management in the emergency department is crucial. Early diagnosis, aided by a 3D head CT scan, is instrumental in locating the IOFB and identifying the involved anatomical structures. This, in turn, enables timely treatment decisions to minimize the risk of complications.
USING OF NEGATIVE WOUND PRESSURE THERAPY (NPWT): A CASE SERIES OF WOUND DISRUPTION AS A COMPLICATION OF A CAESAREAN SECTION
Authors: Herman Yosef Limpat Wihastyoko  , Ellenora Resti Mustikaningrat  , Dorothea Respa Kusumaningrat  , Gisella Sekar Wruhastanti  , Yohana Joni  
Published: June 2024

Highlights:

Surgical site infection during caesarean section can cause complications, thereby increasing maternal mortality and morbidity, especially in groups at risk.
VAC therapy can stimulate granulation tissue formation so that primary wound junctions occur.
VAC shows its ability to close wounds entirely within 3-4 weeks.

Abstract:
Introduction: Wound disruption following caesarean sections is a common issue that can increase maternal mortality and morbidity. Several factors have been identified, including maternal, procedural, and antibiotic factors. The re-suturing method, primer, and secondary suture often fail, causing recurrent and delayed healing.
Case Illustration: CASE 1: A 26-year-old woman, 7 days post-caesarean section, presented with a wet wound and yellowish serous fluid. Three weeks later, wound dehiscence occurred despite re-debridement and re-suturing. Subsequent installation of VAC resulted in granulation tissue and re-epithelialization. CASE 2: A 32-year-old woman, 14 days post-caesarean section, complained of weakness and pus in the surgical wound. Upon examination, a red-yellowish fluid was found, indicating wound dehiscence. Re-debridement and VAC installation led to the formation of granulation tissue and re-epithelialization.
Discussion: VAC is the new wound care technique that suctions or collects excess exudate that absorbent gauze cannot accommodate. In comparison, absorbent gauze is limited in its capacity to absorb the fluid that produced in wounds. An innovation where the use of VAC, which has a negative pressure function, can stimulate granulation tissue to form and can bind the edges of the wound so that it can close naturally.
Conclusion: In instances of wound disruption following surgery, such as in the case of a caesarean section, it may be prudent to contemplate re-debridement followed by re-suturing. VAC presents itself as a viable alternative for managing wound dehiscence until the formation of granulation tissue.
Non-invasive detection and monitoring of childhood meningitis
(“UNITED Meningitis - Ultrasound Non-Invasive Technology for Early Diagnosis of Meningitis”)
Authors: Bassat Quique , Quesada Rita , Pellicer Adelina , Cabañas Fernando , Ajanovic Sara 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Meningitis can be a life-threatening disease if not promptly diagnosed and treated. Among infants and neonates with a permeable fontanelle, clinical presentation is usually unspecific, justifying the need for an invasive procedure such as lumbar puncture (LP) in order to rule in or out meningitis. This investigation aims to validate a non-invasive, ultrasound-based transfontanelllar device to screen for meningitis by counting WBC beneath the anterior fontanelle. A customized ultrasonic probe working at 20mHz will be used to detect white blood cells, and deep-learning models will be trained for classification. The proof-of-concept study will include 16 participants, and sensitivity and specificity of the device will be calculated. The study will be performed in three Spanish Hospitals, and will include children under 12 months old, a permeable fontanelle, suspected meningitis and a LP performed within 24h before recruitment. The expected time to reach the pre-defined sample size is 18 months.
Adipose gene expression profiles and their associations with adaptations in Northern Finncattle, Mirandesa cattle, Yakutian cattle and Holstein cattle
Authors: Ruvinskiy Daniil , Amaral Andreia , Weldenegodguad Melak , Ammosov Innokentyi , Honkatukia Mervi , Lindeberg Heli , Peippo Jaana , Popov Ruslan , Soppela Päivi , Stammler Florian , Uimari Pekka , Ginja Catarina , Kantanen Juha , Pokharel Kisun 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
The drastic change in global climate has led to in-depth studies of the genetic resources of native cattle adapted to challenging environments. Native cattle breed data may harbor unique variants that will enable the generation of new tools to improve the adaptation potential of commercial cattle breeds. Adipose tissues are key factors in the regulation of metabolism and energy balance and are crucial for the molecular switches needed to adapt to rapid environmental and nutritional changes. The transcriptome landscape of four adipose tissues was used in this study to investigate the effect of the environment on the gene expression profiles of three local breeds, Yakutian cattle (Sakha Republic), Northern Finncattle (Finland), Mirandesa cattle (Portugal) and commercial Holstein cattle.
Results
A total of 26 animals (12 cows, 14 bulls) yielded 81 samples of perirenal adipose tissue (n = 26), metacarpal adipose tissue (n = 26), tailhead adipose tissue (n = 26) and prescapular adipose tissue (n = 3). More than 17,000 genes were expressed in our dataset. Principal component analysis of the normalized expression profiles revealed a differential expression profile of the metacarpal adipose tissue. We found that the genes upregulated in the metacarpal adipose tissue of Yakutian cattle, such as NR4A3, TEKT3, and FGGY, were associated with energy metabolism and response to cold temperatures. In Mirandesa cattle, the upregulated genes in perirenal adipose tissue were related to immune response and inflammation (AVPR2, CCN1, and IL6), while in Northern Finncattle, the upregulated genes appeared to be involved in various physiological processes, including energy metabolism (IGFBP2). According to the sex-based comparisons, the most interesting result was the upregulation of the TPRG1 gene in three tissues of Yakutian cattle females, suggesting that adaptation is related to feed efficiency.
Conclusions
The highest number of differentially expressed genes was found between Yakutian cattle and Holstein, several of which were associated with immunity in Yakutian cattle, indicating potential differences in disease resistance and immunity between the two breeds. This study highlights the vast difference in gene expression profiles in adipose tissues between breeds from different climatic environments, most likely highlighting selective pressure and the potential significance of the uniquely important regulatory functions of metacarpal adipose tissue.
Estimation of the mortality attributable to heat in France between 2014 and 2023: an indicator to document the health effects of climate change
Authors: Pascal Mathilde , Wagner Vérène , Lagarrigue Robin , Casamatta Delphine , Pouey Jérôme , Vincent Nicolas , Boulanger Guillaume 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Developing indicators to monitor spatial and temporal trends in the health effects of climate change is crucial to encouraging adaptation. Heat is one of the most studied climate-related health issues, but its impact is still little known to decision-makers. We propose an approach for producing annual estimates of heat-related mortality, as an indicator to support adaptation policies.
A first step was to develop temperature-mortality relationships for each of the 96 metropolitan French departments, for summers (June- September) 2014-2022. Several approaches were tested to control for a possible influence of the COVID-19 pandemic since 2020. Those models were then used to compute the annual mortality attributable to heat for 2014-2023.
Heat-related risks tended to be slighly higher after the pandemic ; an increase from 19.8°C to 28.5°C was associated with a relative risk of 1.25 [CI 95% 1.21 :1.30] in 2004-2019, and 1.31 [1.24 :1.38] in 2020-2022. Between 2014 and 2023, 37,825 deaths [IC95% 34,273 : 40,483] were attributable to heat. The largest impacts are observed in 2022 (6,969 [6,277 : 7,445]), 2023 (5 167 [4 587 ; 5 551]), and 2019 (4,441 [4,086 : 4,717]).
The 2014-2022 temperature-mortality relationships will be used to compute the heat-related mortality for the coming year. A regular update of the relationships is planned. This indicator documents the mortality impact of heat during the summer and during extreme heat waves. It shows that the impact is increasing, despite major prevention efforts. This call for a more ambitious, transformative adaptation to climate change.