bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geodiversity Assessment in the Midriff
Islands Region of the Gulf of California (Northwest Mexico)
Authors: Miros-Gómez Jorge Alberto , Canet Carles , Calmus Thierry 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA concurrent qualitative-quantitative assessment of geodiversity was
carried out within the Midriff Islands, a priority region within the Gulf of
California that stands out for its geological, ecological, and cultural importance.
This study is carried out on the coast of central Sonora, where the Comcaac
indigenous community has lived for more than a thousand years imbuing their
territory with material and symbolic values. The objective of this study was to
highlight the elements of geodiversity and contribute to the management and
conservation strategies that are carried out in the area. The qualitative approach
consisted of detailed fieldwork and a descriptive-documentary assessment of the
geodiversity attributes of the study area, which led to the preparation of
geomorphological and geological maps. The quantitative approach consisted of the
elaboration of a geodiversity index map using an adapted methodology that considered
some sites of cultural value due to their relationship with abiotic natural elements
of geodiversity. As a result of both approaches, several localities and zones of
high to medium geodiversity were identified mainly located along the mountain ranges
and the coast. Coastal areas, although not having the highest geodiversity, could be
considered the most relevant in terms of geological heritage and geoconservation,
because they comprise a variety of rocky outcrops and extraordinary landforms with
scientific interest, as well as cultural and aesthetic values. In addition, the
concurrent assessment was favorable to recognize localities where geoconservation
and sustainable use strategies, such as geotourism, can be implemented.
Human shoulder anatomy: new ultrasound, anatomical, and microscopic perspectives
Authors: Arrillaga Beatriz , Miguel-Pérez Maribel , Möller Ingrid , Rubio Laura , Blasi Juan , Pérez-Bellmunt Albert , Ortiz-Sagristà Juan Carlos , Ortiz-Miguel Sara , Martinoli Carlo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to describe the shoulder anatomy, together with the anatomical relationships in adults and early stages of development. The shoulder muscles were studied from ultrasound, anatomical, and microscopic perspectives in a sample of 34 human shoulders. Thickness measurements were taken of the tendons and fasciae of the subscapularis, long head tendon of the biceps brachii, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor. Ultrasound and dissection techniques are strongly correlated. However, the measurements obtained from the dissection technique were superior to those obtained from the ultrasound in all cases, except for the thickness of the long head tendon of the biceps brachii, the teres minor tendon, and the fascia thickness of the infraspinatus. In addition, the study of shoulder anatomy revealed no differences between females and males. Relevant findings from dissection included a clear overlap between the infraspinatus and supraspinatus, which shared tendon fibers, and a similar connection between the transverse ligament of the long head tendon of the biceps brachii and the subscapularis, which created a more interconnected shoulder function. The study of the anatomical measurements shows an underestimation of the shoulder measurements in the ultrasound compared with the dissection technique, but a high correlation between the measurements made by the two techniques. We present reference values for the tendon and fascia thicknesses of the rotator cuff, with no differences observed by gender. The relationships between shoulder structures described in the anatomical study imply as well that, in the event of an injury, adjacent tissues may be affected. This extended information may facilitate future optimal clinical explorations.
Nomogram for predicting survival in T1–T2 stage patients with supraglottic squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Maimaitituerxun Mulading , Kamilijiang Paiheriding , Maimaiti Aierpati , Yasheng Yalikun , Yong Jun , Qukuerhan Ayiheng , Mutalifu Muredili , Kuyaxi Pilidong , Mierzhakemu Muzhapaier , Aierken Aierpati , Jueraiti Jiulalai , Alimu Nilipaer 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Supraglottic squamous cell carcinoma (SGSCC) is characterized by low differentiation, rapid growth, and inconspicuous initial manifestations. Early detection and prompt treatment can significantly improve survival rates. The main focus of treatment is to maintain optimal laryngeal function.

Methods
Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, we conducted univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses to identify independent prognostic factors for T1–T2 SGSCC. We also enrolled 109 patients with T1–T2 SGSCC from the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University as an external validation set. In addition, we developed a nomogram to predict the prognosis of T1–T2 SGSCC, assessed the predictive accuracy and discriminatory ability of the nomogram using the area under the curve (AUC), C-index, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and calibration curve, and confirmed the clinical validity of the nomogram using decision curve analysis (DCA).

Results
Our investigation identified nine prognostic indicators for T1–T2 SGSCC: age (≥ 65 years), marital status, American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage (II–IV), grade (III–IV), M stage (M1), radiotherapy, chemotherapy, sex (female), and surgery. These variables were used to create accurate nomograms that predict overall and specific survival rates at 1, 3, and 5 years. The nomograms demonstrated superior prognostic value and accuracy compared to AJCC staging. Laryngectomy with partial laryngectomy is the preferred treatment option for T1–T2 SGSCC cases, providing superior overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS). Radiotherapy also improves OS and CSS. Our results were based on a comprehensive analysis of various indicators, including the C-index, ROC curve, calibration curve, and DCA curve.

Conclusion
Nomograms provide significant advantages in treatment decision making and diagnosis. Laryngectomy with partial laryngectomy is the most appropriate method for T1–T2 SGSCC cases. However, radiotherapy can also be used. Thus, patients with T1–T2 SGSCC should be evaluated to determine if combination therapy is the optimal treatment approach. Nevertheless, further research is needed to understand the role of chemotherapy. Overall, this study identified nine key predictors of future outcomes, aiding healthcare professionals in assessing risks and making treatment decisions for T1–T2 SGSCC patients.
Review of history and mechanisms of action of lactulose (4-O-β-D-Galactopyranosyl-β-D-fructofuranose): present and future applications in food
Authors: Vičič Vid , Pandel Mikuš Ruža , Ferjančič Blaž 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLactulose is a synthetic disaccharide composed of galactose and fructose. Literature review of history, legal status and possible food applications of lactulose in functional foods, such as confectionery and beverages. In the colon, lactulose is fermented by the microbiota and acts as a selective modulator of bacterial growth, promoting the growth of Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria. It generates organic acids, such as short-chain fatty acids and lactic acid, which lower the pH of the colon and act as an osmotic laxative. Lactulose was first used in 1957 as an ingredient in an infant formula. Later it was registered as a prescription drug and banned for food use in many countries. In 2012, lactulose received an EU (European union) health claim “contributes to acceleration of intestinal transit”. It can be used in food and food supplements across all age groups, from infants to the elderly. Lactulose has favourable technological properties, such as sweetness of 48–62% sucrose without an aftertaste, high solubility, low cariogenic potential and stability. Lactulose gummy candy, without added sweeteners, has an overall likability comparable to classic sucrose/glucose-based candy. With more than 60 years of safe use in infant, child, adult and elderly population, lactulose is an ideal ingredient for prebiotic functional food. Its technological properties allow for development of functional candy and beverages almost indistinguishable from those made from sucrose.
Student voice and agency for transformative change in matters that matter: Impactful inquiry in primary science
Authors: Kirk Melinda 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In an era of socio-ecological challenges and uncertain times, it is imperative that student voice is supported to enable student transformative agency and desired positive change in their lives and community. Although international policy, the Australian Curriculum, School Strategic Plans, communities, teachers, and students often advocate for student voice, authentic enactment remains a challenge. This paper illustrates a transformative curriculum enactment of student voice and agency as impactful inquiry that resulted in student-desired transformative whole-school change. Conducted in a Melbourne metropolitan primary school following multiple Covid-19 pandemic lockdowns, a contextually responsive Year 6 Microorganisms Learning sequence is reported. A student-identified health risk and high microbial load in a Lost Property Box resulted in the students' collective agentic pursuit and implementation of scientifically grounded solutions, processes, and policy changes in the school community. Students, teachers, and school leadership reported student voice and agency as key outcomes of the student-driven inquiry that followed student voice and concerns for positive change. It is argued that it is a critical educative responsibility to support student voice in establishing bearing, which encompasses recognised positioning, direction, and path forward to make a difference in matters that matter to students. This paper seeks to inform and inspire further student voice-responsive impactful inquiry, which develops students' capacity and efficacy for their desired positive impact in their community now and possibly in the future.
Research advances in the molecular classification of gastric cancer
Authors: Shi Dike , Yang Zihan , Cai Yanna , Li Hongbo , Lin Lele , Wu Dan , Zhang Shengyu , Guo Qingqu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGastric cancer (GC) is a malignant tumor with one of the lowest five-year survival rates. Traditional first-line treatment regimens, such as platinum drugs, have limited therapeutic efficacy in treating advanced GC and significant side effects, greatly reducing patient quality of life. In contrast, trastuzumab and other immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as nivolumab and pembrolizumab, have demonstrated consistent and reliable efficacy in treating GC. Here, we discuss the intrinsic characteristics of GC from a molecular perspective and provide a comprehensive review of classification and treatment advances in the disease. Finally, we suggest several strategies based on the intrinsic molecular characteristics of GC to aid in overcoming clinical challenges in the development of precision medicine and improve patient prognosis.
Improved Test Procedure and Sample Size Calculation for Assessing Similarity in Two-Group Comparative Studies with Heterogeneous Variances
Authors: Jan Show-Li , Shieh Gwowen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe two one-sided tests (TOST) method for mean equivalence or average equivalence has been extended to assessing similarity or switchability for individual equivalence in clinical trials. Tolerance interval procedures are available to establish similarity with respect to the proportion of the response differences covered by a prespecified threshold range. However, the extended TOST procedures based on tolerance intervals are potentially susceptible to the control of Type I errors. This article aims to present an exact approach with the specified Type I error probability for appraising similarity between two treatments in comparative studies with heterogeneous variances. Analytic examination and numerical comparison are conducted to clarify the utility of the suggested similarity test and the drawback of the current TOST procedures. To enhance the usefulness of the described exact method, the related power and sample size issues are also considered. Computer algorithms are provided to implement the proposed test procedure, power calculation, and sample size determination in similarity studies.
Comparison of Polarized Versus Other Types of Endurance Training Intensity Distribution on Athletes’ Endurance Performance: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis
Authors: Silva Oliveira Pedro , Boppre Giorjines , Fonseca Hélder 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Polarized training intensity distribution (POL) was recently suggested to be superior to other training intensity distribution (TID) regimens for endurance performance improvement.

Objective
We aimed to systematically review and meta-analyze evidence comparing POL to other TIDs on endurance performance.

Methods
PRISMA guidelines were followed. The protocol was registered at PROSPERO (CRD42022365117). PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched up to 20 October 2022 for studies in adults and young adults for ≥ 4 weeks comparing POL with other TID interventions regarding VO2peak, time-trial (TT), time to exhaustion (TTE) or speed or power at the second ventilatory or lactate threshold (V/P at VT2/LT2). Risk of bias was assessed with RoB-2 and ROBINS-I. Certainty of evidence was assessed with GRADE. Results were analyzed by random effects meta-analysis using standardized mean differences.

Results
Seventeen studies met the inclusion criteria (n = 437 subjects). Pooled effect estimates suggest POL superiority for improving VO2peak (SMD = 0.24 [95% CI 0.01, 0.48]; z = 2.02 (p = 0.040); 11 studies, n = 284; I2 = 0%; high certainty of evidence). Superiority, however, only occurred in shorter interventions (< 12 weeks) (SMD = 0.40 [95% CI 0.08, 0.71; z = 2.49 (p = 0.01); n = 163; I2 = 0%) and for highly trained athletes (SMD = 0.46 [95% CI 0.10, 0.82]; z = 2.51 (p = 0.01); n = 125; I2 = 0%). The remaining endurance performance surrogates were similarly affected by POL and other TIDs: TT (SMD = – 0.01 [95% CI -0.28, 0.25]; z =  − 0.10 (p = 0.92); n = 221; I2 = 0%), TTE (SMD = 0.30 [95% CI – 0.20, 0.79]; z = 1.18 (p = 0.24); n = 66; I2 = 0%) and V/P VT2/LT2 (SMD = 0.04 [95% CI -0.21, 0.29]; z = 0.32 (p = 0.75); n = 253; I2 = 0%). Risk of bias for randomized controlled trials was rated as of some concern and for non-randomized controlled trials as low risk of bias (two studies) and some concerns (one study).

Conclusions
POL is superior to other TIDs for improving VO2peak, particularly in shorter duration interventions and highly trained athletes. However, the effect of POL was similar to that of other TIDs on the remaining surrogates of endurance performance. The results suggest that POL more effectively improves aerobic power but is similar to other TIDs for improving aerobic capacity.
Perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors among adolescents living with obesity, caregivers, and healthcare professionals in Italy: the ACTION Teens study
Authors: Maffeis Claudio , Busetto Luca , Wasniewska Malgorzata , Di Pauli Daniele , Maccora Carla , Lenzi Andrea 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
ACTION Teens (NCT05013359) was conducted in 10 countries to identify perceptions, attitudes, behaviors, and barriers to effective obesity care among adolescents living with obesity (ALwO), caregivers of ALwO, and healthcare professionals (HCPs). Here, we report data from participants in Italy.

Methods
The ACTION Teens cross-sectional online survey was completed by 649 ALwO (aged 12– < 18 years), 455 caregivers, and 252 HCPs in Italy in 2021.

Results
Most ALwO thought their weight was above normal (69%), worried about weight affecting their future health (87%), and reported making a weight-loss attempt in the past year (60%); fewer caregivers responded similarly regarding their child (46%, 72%, and 33%, respectively). In addition, 49% of caregivers believed their child would lose excess weight with age. ALwO (38%) and caregivers (30%) most often selected wanting to be more fit/in better shape as a weight-loss motivator for ALwO; HCPs most often selected improved social life/popularity (73%). ALwO (25%) and caregivers (22%) most frequently selected lack of hunger control and not liking exercise, respectively, as weight-loss barriers, while HCPs most often agreed that unhealthy eating habits were a barrier (93%). ALwO most often obtained weight-management information from family/friends (25%) and search engines (24%); caregivers most often obtained information from doctors (29%).

Conclusion
In Italy, the impact of obesity on ALwO was underestimated by caregivers, and ALwO and HCPs had different perceptions of key weight-loss motivators and barriers. Additionally, the internet was a key information source for ALwO, which suggests new education/communication strategies are needed.

Level of evidence
IV; Evidence obtained from multiple time series with/without intervention, e.g. case studies.
Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05013359.
Improved shape-from-template method with perspective space constraints for disappearing features
Authors: Tan Dongliang , Yang Huamin , Jiang Zhengang , Shi Weili , Qin Jun , Qu Feng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractInferring the 3D surface shape of a known template from 2D images captured by a monocular camera is a challenging problem. Due to the severely underconstrained nature of the problem, inferring shape accurately becomes particularly challenging when the template exhibits high curvature, resulting in the disappearance of feature points and significant differences between the inferred and actual deformations. To address this problem, this paper proposes a concise and innovative approach that utilizes a physical simulator incorporating the object’s material properties and deformation law. We utilize a view frustum space constructed from the contours of a monocular camera image to effectively restrict the physically-based free motion of the template. Additionally, we employ mesh denoising techniques to ensure the smoothness of the surface following deformation. To evaluate our shape inference results, we utilize a ground truth 3D point cloud generated from multiple viewpoint images. The results demonstrate the superior performance of our approach compared to other methods in accurately inferring deformations, particularly in scenarios where feature points are unobservable. This method carries significant practical implications across diverse domains, including virtual reality, digital modeling, and medical surgery training.
Getting to the ‘Heart’ of Socio-Emotional Learning (SEL): Challenging Epistemology and Ontology in Emotion Theory
Authors: Goodman K. A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractEducational psychology remains constricted by Westernised science’s universalising views. The teaching about emotions and their expression is a critical element at the core of educational psychology, but the underpinning ontology and theories appear to be largely unexamined. The importance of educational psychology was highlighted by the Covid-19 pandemic, and with wellbeing initiatives accumulating, now, more than ever before, educational psychology research and practice in Aotearoa New Zealand must be called to account. Most existing programmes derive from anthropological, psychological and observation-based approaches, unquestioningly proposing that we all feel emotions because of, or in response to, certain occurrences in our lives. Dare we question this ‘given’ through a decolonising or cross-cultural lens? Māori values, holistic concepts and the diverse ways of knowing and being with emotion need to be considered as Aotearoa New Zealand looks beyond the dominant discourse of current SEL. In classrooms every day, practitioners discern how to discuss and respond to emotions, their own and those of the students in their care. This article invites educators to critique their own understandings of emotions and considers ways to challenge educational psychology and the practice of teaching about emotions to acknowledge the culturally diverse classroom contexts of Aotearoa New Zealand.
Generic families of finite metric spaces with identical or trivial 1-dimensional persistence
Authors: Smith Philip , Kurlin Vitaliy 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPersistent homology is a popular and useful tool for analysing finite metric spaces, revealing features that can be used to distinguish sets of unlabeled points and as input into machine learning pipelines. The famous stability theorem of persistent homology provides an upper bound for the change of persistence in the bottleneck distance under perturbations of points, but without giving a lower bound. This paper clarifies the possible limitations persistent homology may have in distinguishing finite metric spaces, which is evident for non-isometric point sets with identical persistence. We describe generic families of point sets in metric spaces that have identical or even trivial one-dimensional persistence. The results motivate stronger invariants to distinguish finite point sets up to isometry.
Simple variants of non-cooperative polymorphic P systems
Authors: Kuczik Anna , Vaszil György 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe investigate the computational power of non-cooperative polymorphic P systems with no additional ingredients. The variants we study are even more simple in the sense that the sets of possible right-hand sides of the dynamically changing rules are finite. We show that systems with this type of restriction characterize exactly the class of Parikh sets of ET0L languages.
Physiological and Perceptual Demands During a Simulated “The Hundred” Batting Work-Bout in Female Cricketers
Authors: Pote Lee , Nicholls Scott , Shaw Alicia , Keenan James , Christie Candice 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
No research has investigated the physiological and perceptual demands of female cricket players at any level or for any format, making this study unique. This is despite the growth in popularity and professionalism of the women’s game. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the physiological (heart rate, oxygen consumption) and perceptual (ratings of perceived exertion, body discomfort) demands of female cricketers during a simulated “The Hundred” protocol.

Methods
Twenty female cricketers (age: 19 ± 4.53 years, stature: 167.90 ± 7.28 cm; mass: 67.30 ± 13.51 kg) currently playing for a first-class county cricket club were recruited. The protocol consisted of six sets and was designed to mimic the nonpowerplay phase of a women’s “Hundred” match. Throughout the protocol selected physiological and perceptual responses were recorded.

Results
Heart rate responses increased significantly (P < 0.05) from the first set (149 ± 14 beats/min) until the end of the third set (167 ± 10 beats/min). A further significant decrease (P < 0.05) was observed between set three (167 ± 10 beats/min) and set six (165 ± 12 beats/min). Oxygen uptake responses increased significantly (P < 0.05) from set one (22.06 ± 7.82 mL/kg/min) until set three (26.30 ± 7.58 mL/kg/min). A significant difference (P < 0.05) was also observed between set three and all the other sets. Central ratings of perceived exertion increased significantly (P < 0.05) throughout the protocol (9 ± 1.83–13 ± 3.17). Body discomfort, results indicated that the quadriceps and calves were the areas that felt the most discomfort during the protocol.

Conclusion
In conclusion, the design of training programs should mimic the demandsof the women?s format of the game and focus on individualised exercise preparation.