bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patientenindividuelle Verblisterung im Pflegeheim reduziert Fehlerhäufigkeit
Authors: Maier Svenja , Kreuzenbeck Cordula C. J. 
Published: April 2024

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund
Die vorliegende Studie vergleicht das externe mit dem internen Stellen von Arzneimitteln für Bewohner stationärer Pflegeeinrichtungen. Ziel der Studie ist die quantitative Auswertung der Fehlerhäufigkeit im Vergleich und die Erhebung der Fehlerarten.

Material und Methoden
Untersucht wurden sechs stationäre Pflegeeinrichtungen, bei denen entweder die Arzneimittel intern oder extern in der Apotheke oder dem Blisterzentrum gestellt wurden. Die Datenerhebung erfolgte im Zeitraum von Februar bis Ende Juli 2022, die Analyse mittels Kreuztabelle und Chi-Quadrat sowie Odds-Ratio und relativem Risiko.

Ergebnisse
Insgesamt wurden 471 Stellvorgänge und 29.216 einzelne Tabletten gezählt und kontrolliert. 35 Stellvorgänge oder 7,4 % waren insgesamt fehlerhaft. Im Ergebnis zeigt sich eine hoch signifikante Verringerung der Fehlerhäufigkeit bei den Stellvorgängen außerhalb der Pflegeeinrichtungen. Der Pearson-Chi-Quadrat ergab für die Fehlerhäufigkeit in Stellvorgängen einen Wert von 38,982 und ist mit < 0,001 als hoch signifikant einzustufen. Der Odds Ratio gibt ein 12,043faches Risiko eines falsch gestellten Medikaments bei intern stellenden Einrichtungen im Vergleich zu externen Stellen an.

Diskussion
Der Zusammenhang zwischen Fehlerhäufigkeiten und Stellen innerhalb der Pflegeheime ist nur leicht positiv. Dies kann vor allem durch die insgesamt geringe Fehlerhäufigkeit erklärt werden. Bemerkenswert ist, dass allein das Stellen durch Apotheken außerhalb des Pflegeheims in einem identischen Verfahren die Fehlerhäufigkeit so deutlich senkt. Dies allein könnte für eine Auslagerung dieser Tätigkeit sprechen.
Limerence, Hidden Obsession, Fixation, and Rumination: A Scoping Review of Human Behaviour
Authors: Bradbury Paula , Short Emma , Bleakley Paul 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis systematic scoping review explores the behavioural state of limerence and the relationship it has with rumination as part of a precursory phase to stalking, for the purpose of identifying a trajectory in harmful human behaviour. The review also considers how limerence impacts those who experience it, as well as factors which serve as accelerants to this cognitive state. It examines cognitive disorders identifiable on the DSM-5, such as obsessive–compulsive disorders, autism spectrum disorders, and erotomania, and applies them to studies which conceptualise limerence as an obsessive behaviour. At present, there is extraordinarily limited literature focusing on this state of unrequited and intense human emotion towards another person—a phenomenon characterised by limited by self-awareness and restraint, yet also a state that involves obsession and fixation, sharing cognitive characteristics and behaviours intrinsically tied to stalking behaviours. This review argues that behaviours exhibited in a state of limerence can serve as the building blocks upon which more harmful, externally focused stalking behaviours could develop. This review identified that the emerging literature on limerence offers new and important insights into the psychology of obsessive desire as a precursor to other, more proximal forms of violence which warrant greater attention, as they do not fit into existing psychological classifications of obsession because these behaviours are motivated by a lack of reciprocation and rejection. The objective is not to label individuals experiencing limerence as deviant but, rather, to better understand how fixation and obsessive desire can be maintained in the absence of approach behaviours.
Impact of the Use of Cryoprotectants in the Production of Freeze-Dried Soluble Coffee from Cold Brew Arabica Coffee
Authors: Barroso Livia Alves , Viegas Cláudia , Stančiauskaitė Monika , Macedo Ana S. , Lemos Iara Lopes , da Costa Joyce Maria Gomes , Schmiele Marcio , da Silveira João Vinícios Wirbitzki , Brandão Pedro , Amaral Tatiana Nunes , Fonte Pedro 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCold brew is a method of coffee extraction that uses low temperature, preserving the volatile compounds of coffee. Freeze-drying allows the preservation of coffee features and nutritional value. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different cryoprotectants in cold brew extracts as a basis for freeze-dried coffee production. Thus, the Coffea arabica extracts and the soluble coffee were characterized concerning caffeine content, antioxidant capacity, total phenolic compounds, and antimicrobial activity to verify the potential of this method. The extracts did not show antimicrobial activity with a high soluble solid content. It was observed that the cold extraction methods were efficient regarding the caffeine content, antioxidant capacity, and total phenolic compounds. Freeze-dried coffees also did not show antimicrobial activity, and they maintained the water and humidity activity standards. In general, cryoprotectants displayed an unfavorable influence on the extract and freeze-dried coffee in the analyses performed. The coffee extract without cryoprotectants had a higher antioxidant capacity (88.12%) and content of phenolic compounds (7.74 mg AG/mL of the coffee extract). Only for the analyses of soluble solids, the cryoprotectants mannitol and fructose showed promising results (14.03 °Brix, 14.40 °Brix, 11.33 °Brix, respectively). Thus, for the analyses conducted, the cryoprotectants did not lead to significant advantages for this process.
Predicting response to non-selective beta-blockers with liver–spleen stiffness and heart rate in patients with liver cirrhosis and high-risk varices
Authors: Giuffrè Mauro , Dupont Johannes , Visintin Alessia , Masutti Flora , Monica Fabio , You Kisung , Shung Dennis L. , Crocè Lory Saveria ,   The NSBB-Elasto-Response-Prediction Group, Abazia Cristiana , Faini Clara , Campigotto Michele , Dottor Francesca , Gulotta Marco , Albergati Irma Valeria , Shung Dennis L. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Non-selective beta-blockers (NSBB) are used for primary prophylaxis in patients with liver cirrhosis and high-risk varices (HRVs). Assessing therapeutic response is challenging due to the invasive nature of hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) measurement. This study aims to define a noninvasive machine-learning based approach to determine response to NSBB in patients with liver cirrhosis and HRVs.

Methods
We conducted a prospective study on a cohort of cirrhotic patients with documented HRVs receiving NSBB treatment. Patients were followed-up with clinical and elastography appointments at 3, 6, and 12 months after NSBB treatment initiation. NSBB response was defined as stationary or downstaging variceal grading at the 12-month esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). In contrast, non-response was defined as upstaging variceal grading at the 12-month EGD or at least one variceal hemorrhage episode during the 12-month follow-up. We chose cut-off values for univariate and multivariate model with 100% specificity.

Results
According to least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression, spleen stiffness (SS) and liver stiffness (LS) percentual decrease, along with changes in heart rate (HR) at 3 months were the most significant predictors of NSBB response. A decrease > 11.5% in SS, > 16.8% in LS, and > 25.3% in HR was associated with better prediction of clinical response to NSBB. SS percentual decrease showed the highest accuracy (86.4%) with high sensitivity (78.8%) when compared to LS and HR. The multivariate model incorporating SS, LS, and HR showed the highest discrimination and calibration metrics (AUROC = 0.96), with the optimal cut-off of 0.90 (sensitivity 94.2%, specificity 100%, PPV 95.7%, NPV 100%, accuracy 97.5%).
Effectiveness of compassion-based interventions at work: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis considering process evaluation and training transfer
Authors: San Román-Niaves Mabel , Vasquez Cristian A. , Coo Cristian , Nielsen Karina , Llorens Susana , Salanova Marisa 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study sought to systematically review and meta-analyze the effects of compassion-based interventions in the workplace. This study examines the mechanisms of the evaluation process and the elements that promote training transfer and its effects on well-being. Through rigorous systematic review methods, a total of nine studies that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed. The results of the random effect model indicate a standardized mean difference of -.24, 95% CI [-.62, .14], suggesting a non-significant decrease in stress levels between pre- and post-compassion training. Similarly, the standardized mean difference of -.096, 95% CI [-.50, .31] suggests a non-significant decrease in depression levels between pre- and post-compassion training. These findings indicate that there were no significant differences in the effects of the interventions. Even more, six studies met the key components of the process evaluation and none measured training transfer. According to these results, we proposed in the current study a "Framework for Evaluating the Effectiveness of Compassion-based Interventions in the Workplace," which offers guidelines for quality designing, implementing, and evaluating compassion-based interventions in the workplace, considering four key components: Structural Elements, Process Evaluation, Training Transfer and Well-being Outcomes. This study highlights the importance of improving the methodology of studies, conducting larger-scale trials, and focusing on the key components of compassion-based interventions. Additionally, exploring training transfer and its impact on well-being is suggested. These findings provide a foundation for future research in the field of compassion-based interventions in the workplace.
On the Quadratic Convergence of Newton’s Method for Mean Field Games with Non-separable Hamiltonian
Authors: Camilli Fabio , Tang Qing 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe analyze asymptotic convergence properties of Newton’s method for a class of evolutive Mean Field Games systems with non-separable Hamiltonian arising in mean field type models with congestion. We prove the well posedness of the Mean Field Game system with non-separable Hamiltonian and of the linear system giving the Newton iterations. Then, by forward induction and assuming that the initial guess is sufficiently close to the solution of problem, we show a quadratic rate of convergence for the approximation of the Mean Field Game system by Newton’s method. We also consider the case of a nonlocal coupling, but with separable Hamiltonian, and we show a similar rate of convergence.
Performance of pilot-scale gravel and sponge bed hydroponic systems vegetated with Duranta erecta treating wastewater in a developing country, Ethiopia, Africa
Authors: Worku Abebe , Tibebu Solomon 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to assess the performance of hydroponics vegetated with Duranta erecta in removing nutrients from domestic wastewater in a pilot-scale study. Domestic wastewater was fed to four lines of hydroponic-constructed filter systems (HCFS). The lines 1 and 3 were filled with gravel, but the lines 2 and 4 were filled with polyester sponges. The experimental biofilters (lines 1 and 2) were planted with Duranta erecta, and the control biofilters (lines 3 and 4) were unplanted. This experiment was operated at hydraulic retention times (HRT) of 1, 3, 5, and 7 days which were conducted sequentially. Results indicated that the planted biofilters in gravel media removed nutrients better than the other planted biofilters in sponge media. Better removal efficiencies of 55 and 47% for total nitrogen (TN) and of 32 and 26% for total phosphorus (TP) removal by planted and control lines, respectively, were obtained at 7 days HRT. At the end of the experiment, TN and TP accumulation in the plant biomass sample increased from 132 to 216 g TN/Kg of dry weight, and from 53to 86 g TP/Kg of dry weight, respectively at 7 days HRT. Hence, it can be concluded that nature-based hydroponic filters planted with Duranta erecta might have a promising potential, mainly with gravel media. HCFS represents a very welcome technology to treat domestic wastewater at a decentralized level in developing countries, including Ethiopia.
Improvement of plant resistance to geminiviruses via protein de-S-acylation
Authors: Zhao Yawen , Li Zhenggang , Wang Zhiying , Huang Liting , Li Gongda , Liu Xiaoshi , Yuan Meiqi , Huang Wei , Ling Lishan , Yang Chengwei , He Zifu , Lai Jianbin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGeminiviruses are an important group of viruses that infect a variety of plants and result in heavy agricultural losses worldwide. The homologs of C4 (or L4) in monopartite geminiviruses and AC4 (or AL4) in bipartite geminiviruses are critical viral proteins. The C4 proteins from several geminiviruses are the substrates of S-acylation, a dynamic post-translational modification, for the maintenance of their membrane localization and function in virus infection. Here we initiated a screening and identified a plant protein ABAPT3 (Alpha/Beta Hydrolase Domain-containing Protein 17-like Acyl Protein Thioesterase 3) as the de-S-acylation enzyme of C4 encoded by BSCTV (Beet severe curly top virus). Overexpression of ABAPT3 reduced the S-acylation of BSCTV C4, disrupted its plasma membrane localization, inhibited its function in pathogenesis, and suppressed BSCTV infection. Because the S-acylation motifs are conserved among C4 from different geminiviruses, we tested the effect of ABAPT3 on the C4 protein of ToLCGdV (Tomato leaf curl Guangdong virus) from another geminivirus genus. Consistently, ABAPT3 overexpression also disrupted the S-acylation, subcellular localization, and function of ToLCGdV C4, and inhibited ToLCGdV infection. In summary, we provided a new approach to globally improve the resistance to different types of geminiviruses in plants via de-S-acylation of the viral C4 proteins and it can be extendedly used for suppression of geminivirus infection in crops.
« Dans les rues, on ne voit que des musulmans ! »
Authors: Glesener Thomas , Hershenzon Daniel 
Published: April 2024

Résumé
En 1717, une plainte anonyme adressée au roi d’Espagne s’alarmait du nombre excessif de musulmans vivant à Carthagène (Murcie). Cette supplique déclencha une enquête du Conseil de Castille destinée à recenser les musulmans et à clarifier leur statut. Outre les esclaves des galères royales, l’enquête pointa tout particulièrement les
libertinos
, une catégorie méconnue d’esclaves privés résidant et travaillant librement dans la ville tout en étant lourdement endettés vis-à-vis de leurs maîtres en raison des sommes dues pour leur propre rachat. Cet article reconstitue la condition de ces esclaves déliés de leurs maisonnées et met au jour les tensions qu’elle suscita entre des normativités concurrentes. D’une part, le droit des esclaves à travailler pour financer leur affranchissement, tout comme celui des maîtres à vivre des rentes placées sur ces personnes étaient profondément ancrés dans les coutumes locales. D’autre part, en raison de l’augmentation de l’insécurité le long des côtes, les autorités locales et la couronne œuvrèrent à restreindre cet enchevêtrement de droits en obligeant les maîtres à garder leurs esclaves chez eux. Ce conflit entre des régimes d’esclavage différents, l’un inscrit dans les droits locaux, l’autre adossé à la juridiction royale, eut pour enjeu l’accès des esclaves au marché du travail, à la libre résidence ou encore aux protections dispensées par le droit des contrats. En faisant de l’enquête elle-même le nœud problématique de la recherche, cet article interroge le sens d’une procédure qui, en recensant les esclaves, procédait moins à un dénombrement démographique, qu’à une redistribution des droits de cité entre des habitants musulmans.
Do Opportunity Costs of Regulations Appropriately Benefit or Inappropriately Burden Disadvantaged Consumers?
Authors: Kenkel Donald 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPresident Biden’s first-day memo “Modernizing Regulatory Review” directs the Office of Management and Budget to “propose procedures that take into account the distributional consequences of regulations… to ensure that regulatory initiatives appropriately benefit and do not inappropriately burden disadvantaged, vulnerable, or marginalized communities.” This paper makes two contributions. First, it discusses how economic analysis can transparently provide the information needed to make value-judgments about what distributional effects are appropriate and inappropriate. Second, it discusses the distributional consequences of regulations that are either designed to reduce internalities or might have the additional benefit of reducing internalities. Examples include tobacco product regulations, appliance energy efficiency standards, and automobile fuel efficiency standards. In many cases, the regulations will increase the prices or decrease the availability of goods that disadvantaged consumers prefer. This paper discussed how to determine whether restricting their consumption opportunities creates net benefits or net costs for disadvantaged consumers. Inframarginal consumers who do not change their consumption face higher opportunity costs but do not receive any benefits from reduced internalities. Empirical challenges include the need to quantify the fraction of inframarginal consumers and the size of the internalities.
Recurrence and transience of a Markov chain on
$\mathbb Z$
+ and evaluation of prior distributions for a Poisson mean
Authors: Hobert James P. , Khare Kshitij 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEaton (1992) considered a general parametric statistical model paired with an improper prior distribution for the parameter and proved that if a certain Markov chain, constructed using the model and the prior, is recurrent, then the improper prior is strongly admissible, which (roughly speaking) means that the generalized Bayes estimators derived from the corresponding posterior distribution are admissible. Hobert and Robert (1999) proved that Eaton’s Markov chain is recurrent if and only if its so-called conjugate Markov chain is recurrent. The focus of this paper is a family of Markov chains that contains all of the conjugate chains that arise in the context of a Poisson model paired with an arbitrary improper prior for the mean parameter. Sufficient conditions for recurrence and transience are developed and these are used to establish new results concerning the strong admissibility of non-conjugate improper priors for the Poisson mean.
The latent cognitive structures of social networks
Authors: Aguiar Izabel , Ugander Johan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWhen people are asked to recall their social networks, theoretical and empirical work tells us that they rely on shortcuts, or heuristics. Cognitive social structures (CSSs) are multilayer social networks where each layer corresponds to an individual’s perception of the network. With multiple perceptions of the same network, CSSs contain rich information about how these heuristics manifest, motivating the question, Can we identify people who share the same heuristics? In this work, we propose a method for identifying cognitive structure across multiple network perceptions, analogous to how community detection aims to identify social structure in a network. To simultaneously model the joint latent social and cognitive structure, we study CSSs as three-dimensional tensors, employing low-rank nonnegative Tucker decompositions (NNTuck) to approximate the CSS—a procedure closely related to estimating a multilayer stochastic block model (SBM) from such data. We propose the resulting latent cognitive space as an operationalization of the sociological theory of social cognition by identifying individuals who share relational schema. In addition to modeling cognitively independent, dependent, and redundant networks, we propose a specific model instance and related statistical test for testing when there is social-cognitive agreement in a network: when the social and cognitive structures are equivalent. We use our approach to analyze four different CSSs and give insights into the latent cognitive structures of those networks.
Technology diplomacy in early Communist China: the visit to the Jingjiang Flood Diversion Project in 1952
Authors: Liang Yue 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis article focuses on the 1952 visit to the Jingjiang Flood Diversion Project, the first large-scale water infrastructure built on the Yangzi river after the founding of the People's Republic of China, by a foreign delegation from the Asia-Pacific Peace Conference. Serving as a form of technology diplomacy, this trip advanced two main purposes for the newly established country – to build up closer ties with ‘foreign friends’ who advocated international peace in the context of the Korean War, and to demonstrate China's own technical capabilities and achievements as part of the national campaign of ‘peaceful construction’ of the early 1950s. I argue that vernacular technologies, which were grounded in indigenous knowledge and practices for water control in the mid-Yangzi region, were essential in shaping China's self-reliant modernization and China's public diplomacy, which targeted individuals without scientific or technical backgrounds.
Cropland can support high bird diversity in heterogeneous rural tropical landscapes
Authors: Davis Sheena , Guerreiro Milheiras Sergio , Olivier Pieter L. , Barnes Lauren , Shirima Deo , Kioko Esther , Sallu Susannah M. , Ishengoma Evodius , Marshall Andrew R. , Pfeifer Marion 
Published: April 2024

Summary
Land-use change for crop production is one of the key drivers of habitat loss and fragmentation and consequently biodiversity loss and change in tropical regions. This may impact biodiversity-regulated ecosystem services; birds are important to crop health regulating services (e.g. seed dispersal, pest control) and disservices (e.g. seed predation, grain herbivory). However, knowledge is limited on how birds use heterogeneous agricultural landscapes and the consequences for spatial distribution and flow of services and disservices. We studied crop and non-crop–habitat associations of birds in forest–agricultural landscapes of the Kilombero Valley, Tanzania. We focused on dietary preference as a key trait impacting bird responses to land-use change, services, and disservices to crops. We surveyed birds across four main habitat types using repeated point counts, recording a total of 148 species. We found that crop habitats supported higher species richness and larger communities of potentially beneficial species to crop health, whereby 34.5% of invertebrate-feeding species were recorded in cropland. We found that habitat heterogeneity within the landscape supports bird functional diversity and that each habitat type supported unique communities of species. Furthermore, the number of species unique to forest habitats increased with increasing forest canopy closure. Our findings suggest that management strategies for maintaining trees and shrubs, and enhancing tree cover within the crop production landscape, can be effective approaches for maintaining bird diversity and services. However, in-depth studies on trade-offs with disservices need further exploration to mitigate negative impacts of birds on crop yields.