bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality Improvement Support Agencies as a systemic quality strategy: France and Québec
Authors: Dare Labante Outcha , Champagne François , Denis Jean‐Louis 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn a high‐quality health and social services system, policymakers encourage action at all levels of change to ensure the consistency of quality strategies. This is especially important at the systemic level, in which the other three levels of change are nested. This study aims to present an analysis of Quality Improvement Support Agencies as a systemic strategy, which has been successfully implemented in several jurisdictions. A comparative study of two critical cases in different jurisdictions was carried out: Haute autorité de santé in France (HAS) and Institut national d'excellence en santé et services sociaux (INESSS) in Québec, Canada.
Human papillomavirus‐driven head and neck cancers in Japan during 2008–2009 and 2018–2019: The BROADEN study
Authors: Nibu Ken‐ichi , Oridate Nobuhiko , Saito Yuki , Roset Montserrat , Forés Maresma Marta , Cuadras Daniel , Morais Edith , Roberts Craig , Chen Ya‐Ting , Spitzer Jacque , Sato Kayo , Saito Itori , Tazaki Ichiro , Clavero Omar , Schroeder Lea , Alemany Laia , Mehanna Hisham , Mirghani Haitham , Giuliano Anna R. , Pavón Miquel Angel , Waterboer Tim 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThere is limited understanding of epidemiology and time trends of human papilloma virus (HPV)‐driven head and neck cancers (HNC) in Japan, especially outside of the oropharynx. To assess HPV‐driven HNC, a non‐interventional study (BROADEN) of HNC patients diagnosed in 2008–2009 and 2018–2019 was conducted in Japan. Adult patients with oropharyngeal, nasopharyngeal, laryngeal, hypopharyngeal or oral cavity cancers were included in this study. HPV was centrally tested using p16INK4a immunohistochemistry, HPV‐DNA PCR and HPV E6*I mRNA. HPV attributability required positivity in at least two tests (p16INK4a immunohistochemistry, HPV‐DNA PCR, HPV E6*I mRNA) in the oropharynx, and HPV‐DNA and HPV E6*I mRNA positivity for non‐oropharynx sites. Nineteen hospitals included a total of 1108 patients, of whom 981 had valid samples. Men accounted for 82% of HNC diagnoses. Patients in the earlier cohort were younger and included a higher percentage of smokers. There was an increasing trend of HPV‐driven oropharyngeal cancer over the last decade, from 44.2% to 51.7%. HPV attribution in nasopharyngeal cancers was 3.2% in 2008–2009 and 7.5% in 2018–2019; and 4.4% and 0% for larynx respectively. In total, 95.2% of HPV‐driven HNC were attributed to HPV genotypes included in the 9‐valent HPV vaccine being HPV16 the most prominent genotype. These results suggest that an epidemiologic shift is happening in Japan, with a decrease in smoking and alcohol use and an increase in HPV‐driven HNC. The increasing trend of HPV‐driven HNC in Japan highlights the need for preventive strategies to mitigate the rise of HPV‐driven HNC.
Music enrichment programs may promote early language development by enhancing parent responsiveness: A narrative review
Authors: Smith Amy R. , Kong Kai Ling 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe first years of life are critical for language development. Numerous studies indicate that actively participating in music creates a neural processing advantage in brain regions that support language development. Nevertheless, shared social characteristics between music and language may also play a role in explaining the benefits of music engagement during infancy for language development. The causal effects of a social learning pathway explaining the relation between music and language development in infants have not been fully elucidated. In this article, we posit that music enrichment programs indirectly benefit language development through enhanced parental responsiveness, an aspect of high‐quality parent–infant interactions. We summarize research on parent–child music enrichment classes and early language development. We also provide a narrative review and conceptual model of relevant research to support how parental responsiveness may partly explain the association between participating in music enrichment programs during infancy and benefits to early language development.
Human mediation should be a non‐factor in hybridization and conservation
Authors: Halm Derek 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHybridization by introgression (“hybridization”) is a complex topic in conservation. Many conservation decision‐makers are concerned about hybridization by introgression because it may threaten species persistence or local phenotypes, among other potential long‐term problems. While attitudes have changed towards hybridization as a conservation threat, there are still concerns about hybridization as a problem, particularly if the hybridization was anthropogenically mediated. I propose that these concerns are overblown and that it is misguided to focus on whether hybridization is unintentionally human‐mediated. I argue that practitioners should still consider the effects of hybridization on conservation, but the reasons should concern the long‐term environmental consequences, such as ecological function and social and cultural that hybridization has, rather than whether humans “caused” the hybrid. I propose a series of steps to think differently about these cases.
Evinacumab: Mechanism of action, clinical, and translational science
Authors: Dingman Robert , Bihorel Sébastien , Gusarova Viktoria , Mendell Jeanne , Pordy Robert 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHomozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH) is a rare and serious genetic condition characterized by premature cardiovascular disease due to severely elevated low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C). HoFH primarily results from loss‐of‐function (LOF) mutations in the LDL receptor (LDLR), reducing LDL‐C clearance such that patients experience severe hypercholesterolemia, exacerbating the risk of developing cardiovascular events. Treatment options such as statins, lomitapide, ezetimibe, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors, and apheresis help lower LDL‐C; however, many patients with HoFH still fail to reach their target LDL‐C levels and many of these lipid‐lowering therapies are not indicated for pediatric use. Angiopoietin‐like protein 3 (ANGPTL3) has been identified as a target to treat elevated LDL‐C by acting as a natural inhibitor of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and endothelial lipase (EL), enzymes involved in the hydrolysis of the triglyceride and phospholipid content of very low‐density lipoproteins. Persons heterozygous for LOF mutations in ANGPTL3 were reported to have lower LDL‐C than non‐carriers and lower risk of coronary artery disease. Evinacumab is a first‐in‐class human monoclonal antibody that specifically binds to ANGPTL3 to prevent its inhibition of LPL and EL. In clinical trials, a 15 mg/kg intravenous dose every 4 weeks has shown a mean percent change from baseline in LDL‐C of ~50% in adult, adolescent, and pediatric patients with HoFH. This mini review article describes the mechanism of action of evinacumab, evinacumab population PK and PD modeling, and clinical development history of evinacumab for the treatment of HoFH.
Bilateral centromedian nucleus of thalamus responsive neurostimulation for pediatric‐onset drug‐resistant epilepsy
Authors: Ahn Samuel , Edmonds Benjamin , Rajaraman Rajsekar R. , Rao Lekha M. , Hussain Shaun A. , Matsumoto Joyce H. , Sankar Raman , Salamon Noriko , Fallah Aria , Nariai Hiroki 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNeuromodulation therapies offer an efficacious treatment alternative for patients with drug‐resistant epilepsy (DRE), particularly those unlikely to benefit from surgical resection. Here we present our retrospective single‐center case series of patients with pediatric‐onset DRE who underwent responsive neurostimulation (RNS) depth electrode implantation targeting the bilateral centromedian nucleus (CM) of the thalamus between October 2020 and October 2022. Sixteen patients were identified; seizure outcomes, programming parameters, and complications at follow‐up were reviewed. The median age at implantation was 13 years (range 3.6–22). Six patients (38%) were younger than 12 years of age at the time of implantation. Ictal electroencephalography (EEG) patterns during patients’ most disabling seizures were reliably detected. Ten patients (62%) achieved 50% or greater reduction in seizure frequency at a median 1.3 years (range 0.6–2.6) of follow‐up. Eight patients (50%) experienced sensorimotor side effects, and three patients (19%) had superficial pocket infection, prompting the removal of the RNS device. Side effects of stimulation were experienced mostly in monopolar‐cathodal configuration and alleviated with programming change to bipolar configuration or low‐frequency stimulation. Closed‐loop neurostimulation using RNS targeting bilateral CM is a feasible and useful therapy for patients with pediatric‐onset DRE.
A value‐based healthcare approach
Authors: Møberg Kristoffer Dahl , Malmmose Margit 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study explores the interpretations of a recently implemented value‐based healthcare (VBHC) approach within a Danish healthcare region. We examine managerial perceptions of VBHC and how it seeks to balance quality and cost while incorporating patient perspectives. Our research involves interviews with hospital managers at different organizational levels, where we delve into their explanations of how they approach VBHC. Applying institutional logics, our case study reveals the complexities inherent in public healthcare management's understanding of integrating patient perspectives. We find that at the regional level, VBHC guidelines primarily emphasize quality indicators, suggesting a strategic focus on quality over finances due to the absence of cost guidelines. Consequently, we identify a unified accentuated willingness among managers to transcend the traditional focus on productivity associated with New Public Management. In this context, department managers highlight intuitive decision‐making approaches and innovative initiatives, which are decoupled from cost information. This decoupling is attributed to a lack of financial expertise at the department level. These managers rely heavily on notions of appropriateness in their reflections on VBHC. On a department level, the term “value” is interpreted as representing the patient perspective, rather than being solely a monetary value of outcomes. Although the latter is often indirectly embedded in decision‐making processes, we posit that nuanced aspects of decision‐making and the collective logics mobilized at various levels of hospital management, particularly in relation to VBHC, remain underexplored areas in the accounting literature.
Functional and phylogenetic dimensions of tree biodiversity reveal unique geographic patterns
Authors: Paz Andrea , Crowther Thomas W. , Maynard Daniel S. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimQuantify tree functional and phylogenetic richness and divergence at the global scale, and explore the drivers underpinning these biogeographic patterns.LocationGlobal.Time PeriodPresent.Major Taxa StudiedTrees.MethodsUsing global tree occurrence data, we outlined species' observed ranges using individual alpha hulls to obtain per‐pixel tree species composition at a 0.83‐degree resolution. Using eight traits from a recent tree‐trait database and a vascular‐plant phylogeny we computed and mapped four pixel‐level biodiversity indices, including two metrics related to richness: phylogenetic richness and functional richness, and two related to divergence: mean pairwise phylogenetic distance and Rao's quadratic entropy. To account for the effect of species richness, we also calculated standardized effect sizes accounting for richness for each pixel. We then explored the relations between richness and divergence and the latitudinal patterns of divergence both globally and across biomes. Finally, we used a random forest modelling approach to test for drivers of the different dimensions of diversity in trees.ResultsIn contrast to the latitudinal gradient in species richness, functional and phylogenetic divergence both peak in mid‐latitude systems, exhibiting the highest values in temperate ecosystems and lowest values in boreal and tropical forests. This result holds for functional divergence when removing gymnosperms but the peak flattens for phylogenetic divergence. Phylogenetic richness is consistently lower than expected given the number of species, whereas functional richness has higher‐than‐expected values at mid‐latitudes, mimicking functional divergence patterns. When considering the drivers of these diversity patterns, temperature and historical speciation rates consistently emerge as the strongest forces driving divergence, with negligible effects of human influence, soils or historical climate stability.Main ConclusionsCollectively, these results reveal unique similarities and disparities across biomes that are not apparent in any single dimension of biodiversity, highlighting the importance of considering multiple aspects of biodiversity in the management of natural ecosystems.
Tree diversity across multiple scales and environmental heterogeneity promote ecosystem multifunctionality in a large temperate forest region
Authors: Li Jie , Hao Minhui , Cheng Yanxia , Zhao Xiuhai , von Gadow Klaus , Zhang Chunyu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimBiodiversity across different scales provides multidimensional insurance for ecosystem functioning. Although the effects of biodiversity on ecosystem multifunctionality are well recorded in local communities, they remain poorly understood across scales (from local to larger spatial scales). This study evaluates how multiple attributes of biodiversity maintain ecosystem multifunctionality from local to regional scales, across diverse environmental gradients.LocationNorth‐eastern China.Time Period2017.Major Taxa StudiedWoody plants.MethodsWe define multifunctionality using both averaged and modified multiple‐threshold approaches. Multiple dimensions of biodiversity across varying spatial scales were measured within the framework of Hill–Chao numbers. Using variance decomposition, linear mixed models and structural equation modelling, we explored how multiple attributes of tree diversity at varying spatial scales affect multifunctionality, and how these relationships are modulated by environmental drivers.ResultsWe found that both α‐ and β‐diversity are critical for regional community multifunctionality, while the relationships between species, functional and phylogenetic diversity and multifunctionality decoupled across spatial scales and thresholds of ecosystem functioning. Phylogenetic β‐diversity and species α‐diversity are, respectively, more important for promoting high‐ and moderate‐threshold multifunctionality (e.g. EMFT90 and EMFT50) in regional communities. Environmental drivers typically have stronger effects than biodiversity on multifunctionality. Soil and climatic conditions had either direct effects on multifunctionality or indirect ones mediated by species α‐diversity. Environmental heterogeneity is important for high‐threshold multifunctionality, exerting directly and indirectly through phylogenetic β‐diversity. Latitude not only directly influences multifunctionality but also modulates it through species α‐diversity and phylogenetic β‐diversity.Main ConclusionsThis study underscores the positive effects of biodiversity on multifunctionality across multiple dimensions. Based on our findings, we conclude that any design of a forested landscape that is aimed at maximizing multifunctionality should consider maintaining high local diversity as well as forest community heterogeneity at varying scales.
The 36th International Mammalian Genome Conference: A scientific gathering under the cherry blossoms in Tsukuba
Authors: Abe Kuniya , Masuya Hiroshi , Shiroishi Toshihiko 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe 36th International Mammalian Genome Conference (IMGC) was held in a hybrid format at the Tsukuba International Congress Center in Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan, for 4 days from March 28 to 31, 2023. This international conference on functional genomics of mouse, human, and other mammalian species attracted 246 participants in total, of which 129 were from outside Japan, including Europe, the United States and Asia, and 117 participants were from Japan. The conference included three technical workshops, keynote lectures by domestic researchers, commemorative lectures for the conference awards, 57 oral presentations, and 97 poster presentations. The event was a great success. Topics included the establishment and analysis of disease models using genetically engineered or spontaneous mutant mice, systems genetic analysis using mouse strains such as wild‐derived mice and recombinant inbred mouse strains, infectious diseases, immunology, and epigenetics. In addition, as a joint program, a two‐day RIKEN Symposium was held, and active discussions continued over the four‐day period. Also, there was a trainee symposium, in which young researchers were encouraged to participate, and excellent papers were selected as oral presentations in the main session.
Dermatologic manifestations of zoonotic diseases transmitted by dogs: “Spot” could give you spots
Authors: Klein Paytra A. , Parisi Rose , Daniel Jency M. , Rogers Roy S. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe bond between humans and dogs is precious and has been treasured since ancient times. Dog ownership is linked to numerous health benefits, such as increased physical activity and social functioning and decreased depression and cardiovascular events. However, dogs can transmit zoonotic diseases to humans, many of which present with cutaneous findings. This review summarizes the dermatologic manifestations, transmission routes, diagnosis, and treatment of zoonotic diseases transmitted by dogs, including vector‐borne, bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic infections. This review emphasizes the significance of clinicians obtaining a comprehensive exposure history when patients exhibit a rash of unknown origin. Such an approach can provide valuable epidemiological clues related to diagnosing a zoonotic disease transmitted by a pet dog. Furthermore, identifying the dog as an infection source and subsequent veterinary treatment can help prevent recurrent infections in dermatologic patients.
Impact of psoriasis on the risk of device‐related infective endocarditis in patients with permanent pacemakers: a propensity‐matched analysis
Authors: Wei Chapman , Mustafa Nawal , Grovu Radu , Wei Chaplin , Rizvi Taqi , Bradu Stefan , Mustafa Ahmad 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundDevice‐related infective endocarditis (IE) is associated with high mortality, resulting in a growing emphasis on identifying and managing comorbidities that increase the risk of IE in these patients. Psoriasis is increasingly being recognized as having multiple cardiovascular manifestations. However, little is known about the impact of psoriasis on IE risk in patients with permanent pacemakers (PPM). Our study aimed to assess whether psoriasis is associated with an increased risk of developing IE in patients with PPM.MethodsThe National Inpatient Sample database was utilized to extract patients with PPM. The presence of psoriasis stratified patients. Demographic and comorbidity data were collected. 1:10,000 propensity matching for IE risk factors was performed to examine independent associations between psoriasis and IE.ResultsOf 437,793 patients, 45 had psoriasis. Psoriasis patients had higher IE rates (4.4% vs. 0.6%; P < 0.01). On multivariate analysis, psoriasis was associated with a 7.2‐fold high IE risk (OR: 7.2 [1.7–30.2]; P < 0.01). Post‐match analysis showed an 8.3‐fold IE risk in psoriasis patients (OR: 8.3 [2.0–34.4]; P < 0.001).ConclusionPsoriasis was independently associated with elevated IE risk in patients with PPM. Further studies are required to corroborate these findings, which will have implications for IE prophylaxis.
Physical activity patterns, sleep quality, and stress levels among rotating‐shift nurses during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Chiang Shang‐Lin , Tzeng Wen‐Chii , Chiang Li‐Chi , Lee Meei‐Shyuan , Lin Chueh‐Ho , Lin Chia‐Huei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimTo examine the associations between physical activity patterns, sleep quality, and stress levels among rotating‐shift nurses during the COVID‐19 pandemic.BackgroundStress adversely impacts hospital nurses, particularly those on rotating shifts. The effects of physical activity patterns and sleep quality on the stress levels of these nurses during the COVID‐19 pandemic warrant investigation.MethodsA multicenter cross‐sectional study was conducted with 550 eligible registered hospital nurses, randomly selected from four hospitals during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Taiwan. The work schedule type of these nurses was categorized into rotating shifts (working at least two shifts in a month, involving day, evening, and night shifts) or fixed‐day shifts (working only the day shift). Data were collected on sociodemographic characteristics, physical activity patterns (sedentary or active), sleep quality (poor or adequate), and stress levels for analysis.ResultsRotating‐shift nurses with active physical activity patterns exhibited lower stress levels compared with those with sedentary patterns. Nurses who experienced adequate sleep quality had lower stress levels compared with those with poor sleep quality among rotating and fixed‐day shift nurses.ConclusionsActive physical activity patterns and adequate sleep quality were associated with lower stress levels among rotating‐shift nurses during the pandemic. Promoting active physical activity and enhancing sleep quality are essential strategies for reducing stress in these nurses.Implications for nursing and health policyStrategies aimed at promoting physical activity and improving sleep quality should be integral components of health promotion programs and policymaking efforts directed at nursing leaders, to foster a healthy and supportive work environment and enhance the welfare of rotating‐shift hospital nurses.Reporting methodThe study is reported using the statement of Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE).
The fallible manager: The critique of management within pluralist industrial relations
Authors: Heery Edmund 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis article uses the work of Willy Brown, John Purcell, Linda Dickens, and Keith Sisson to identify the critique of management within pluralist industrial relations. The notion of the ‘fallible manager’ captures the essence of this critique. Within the pluralist tradition, fallible managers are identified as the source of industrial relations problems and are also deemed incapable of reversing the harms they cause in the absence of supportive state intervention. While managers are deemed fallible in the pluralist tradition, however, management typically is not regarded as illegitimate and in a reformed institutional context is capable of managing for the common good, to generate ‘shared value.’