bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiation exposure in therapeutic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with two types of fluoroscopy systems
Authors: Wang Yao‐Sheng , Wu Ying‐Jung , Tseng Wan‐Jou , Huang Chien‐Jui , Chen Chiung‐Yu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFluoroscopy is necessary for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Occupational radiation exposure of staff (endoscopists, nurses, or assistants) is inevitable. Fluoroscopes with a tube over‐couch (OC) rather than under‐couch (UC) may have more radiation reflection dosage on the staff's upper body theoretically, where the most vital organs are. In the study, we assessed the radiation exposure on staff by two different types of fluoroscopes in real‐world practice. Using a radiation dosimeter to measure the radiation dosage on endoscopists and assistants in each ERCP procedure under two different fluoroscopic systems (UC vs. OC). Forty‐one ERCP procedures were enrolled. Dosimeters were used NanoDots for the measurement of personal radiation exposure. Those dosimeters were attached to the left forearm and chest of the endoscopist and only the chest of two assistants, the wall of the ERCP room, and the controlling room in every procedure. Nine‐teen ERCPs were performed under the OC unit, and the other 22 ERCPs were UC method. Fluoroscopic time and output of radiation dose showed no significant difference between the two groups. Radiation exposure in endoscopist were 0.0911[0.1041–0.3974] mGy (OC) versus 0.0276 [0.0080–0.2924] mGy (UC), p < .01 for the forearm; and 0.0318 [0.0070–0.2628] mGy (OC) versus 0.0182 [0.0088–0.1628] mGy (UC), p = .04 for the endoscopist's body. There was no difference in radiation exposure from assistants in both groups. For all the ERCP procedures, the measurement of radiation exposure from high to low is endoscopist's hand, endoscopist's body, assistant 1, assistant 2, and ERCP room (p < .01). Radiation detection from ERCP room is slightly higher but close to controlling room (p = .06). For the safety of occupational radiation protection, tube of fluoroscope UC is better than OC for the endoscopists more than assistants. Besides, the assistant 1 took higher radiation exposure than assistant 2 for each ERCP procedure.
Thrombosis risk prediction in lymphoma patients: A multi‐institutional, retrospective model development and validation study
Authors: Ma Shengling , La Jennifer , Swinnerton Kaitlin N. , Guffey Danielle , Bandyo Raka , De Las Pozas Giordana , Hanzelka Katy , Xiao Xiangjun , Rojas‐Hernandez Cristhiam M. , Amos Christopher I. , Chitalia Vipul , Ravid Katya , Merriman Kelly W. , Flowers Christopher R. , Fillmore Nathanael , Li Ang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractVenous thromboembolism (VTE) poses a significant risk to cancer patients receiving systemic therapy. The generalizability of pan‐cancer models to lymphomas is limited. Currently, there are no reliable risk prediction models for thrombosis in patients with lymphoma. Our objective was to create a risk assessment model (RAM) specifically for lymphomas. We performed a retrospective cohort study to develop Fine and Gray sub‐distribution hazard model for VTE and pulmonary embolism (PE)/ lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (LE‐DVT) respectively in adult lymphoma patients from the Veterans Affairs national healthcare system (VA). External validations were performed at the Harris Health System (HHS) and the MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC). Time‐dependent c‐statistic and calibration curves were used to assess discrimination and fit. There were 10,313 (VA), 854 (HHS), and 1858 (MDACC) patients in the derivation and validation cohorts with diverse baseline. At 6 months, the VTE incidence was 5.8% (VA), 8.2% (HHS), and 8.8% (MDACC), respectively. The corresponding estimates for PE/LE‐DVT were 3.9% (VA), 4.5% (HHS), and 3.7% (MDACC), respectively. The variables in the final RAM included lymphoma histology, body mass index, therapy type, recent hospitalization, history of VTE, history of paralysis/immobilization, and time to treatment initiation. The RAM had c‐statistics of 0.68 in the derivation and 0.69 and 0.72 in the two external validation cohorts. The two models achieved a clear differentiation in risk stratification in each cohort. Our findings suggest that easy‐to‐implement, clinical‐based model could be used to predict personalized VTE risk for lymphoma patients.
Rapid Synthesis of Peptides Mediated by PPh3−I2
Authors: Rathod Gajanan K. , Sharma Anku , Rao Kamya , Barahdia Aman S. , Jain Rahul 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe report a mild, operationally simple, convenient, and rapid method of peptide bond formation using triphenylphosphine and iodine. The developed protocol was utilized to couple coded, non‐coded, and challenging amino acids in 64–92 % yield. Sterically hindered α,α‐disubstituted amino acids, which are important constituents of natural peptides, were also coupled in good yield. Mild reaction conditions in open air produce peptide bonds in a short time (30 min) without racemization.
Cell Phones in the OR: A Cross‐Sectional Study of Norwegian Perioperative Nurses’ Knowledge, Practice, and Attitudes
Authors: Leonardsen Ann‐Chatrin Linqvist , Brevik Linda 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTFew studies have focused on the use of cell phones in the OR. In Norway, researchers sought to assess perioperative nurses’ knowledge, practice, and attitudes associated with cell phone use in the OR and distributed a nationwide questionnaire via a social media platform. More than 80% of the 332 respondents thought that cell phones were contaminated and that pathogens could contaminate hands. Almost all respondents brought their phone to work; approximately 61% of respondents carried it in their pocket in the OR. Responses to questions about phone cleaning showed that 39 (11.7%) of the respondents routinely cleaned their phone before entering the OR and 33 (9.9%) of the respondents cleaned it when leaving the OR. Less than 20% of respondents indicated their facility had guidelines for cleaning personal cell phones. Opportunities for improvement in cell phone cleaning in ORs exist and additional research involving all perioperative team members is needed.
Effect of Protic and Aprotic Formamide‐Based Organic Electrolytes for Rechargeable Zinc/MnO2 Battery
Authors: Lahiri Abhishek , Hirani Pranay , Haghani Sophia 
Published: April 2024

AbstractZinc ion batteries (ZIBs) are emerging as a promising and cost‐effective alternative energy storage system compared to other metal‐ion batteries. Aqueous electrolytes have been extensively studied in Zn‐ion batteries which has shown issues related to cathode dissolution. In comparison, little has been looked into the use of organic electrolytes in ZIBs. Here, we have studied both protic and aprotic forms of formamide‐based organic electrolytes containing Zn trifluoromethanesulfonate and their influence on the Zn solvation chemistry, electrochemistry, and performance of Zn‐MnO2 battery. It was observed that protic‐based electrolytes gave a much better capacity and stability for the Zn‐MnO2 battery. A capacity close to 150 mAh g−1 was obtained with formamide electrolyte at a current density of 0.25 A g−1. For all the other formamide‐based electrolytes tested, the capacity was lower. After 100 cycles, an average capacity retention of 72 % was obtained for formamide‐based electrolyte. This study shows that protic‐based electrolytes might be a suitable option for non‐aqueous‐based Zn‐ion batteries.
Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles: Biogenic Synthesis and Biomedical Applications
Authors: Humaira  , Ahmad Irfan , Shakir Hafiz Abdullah , Khan Muhammad , Ali Shaukat , Alshahrani Mesfer , Franco Marcelo , Irfan Muhammad 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCurrently, nanotechnology is developing at an exponential rate because of its widespread applications in various fields of life sciences. Traditionally, nanoparticles are fabricated through a variety of physical and chemical approaches but because of their limited efficiency in biomedical applications, biogenic synthesis of nanoparticles has gained much attention. Biogenically fabricated magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgONPs) possess unique features that enabled their use in therapeutics and environmental biotechnology. Biogenically MgONPs can be fabricated using plant extracts (Manihot esculenta, Rhizophora lamarckii, Ocimum sanctum, rosemary, Bauhinia purpurea, and others), bacteria (S. coelicolor, A. johnsonii RTN), fungi (Aspergillus flavus TFR‐12, Aspergillus brasiliensis TFR 2, white‐button mushroom's) and algae (S. whigti). These biogenically synthesized MgONPs are being reported as antifungal, antioxidant, antibacterial, antipyretic, anti‐inflammatory, and anticancer agents. Moreover, their photocatalytic activity is far being discovered against certain organic dyes. This review focuses on the biogenic synthesis of MgONPs, their applications in therapeutics, and as antimicrobial agents as well as future prospects associated with their applications in the biomedical field.
Continuous renal replacement therapy for lithium toxicity: A worthy treatment to avoid intradialytic hypotension and vasopressors
Authors: Zardoost Pooya , Buckman Zachary , Weaver Joseph , Elston Sidney , Prouty Alex , Stuart Ryan , Wehrum Henry L. 
Published: April 2024

Key Clinical MessageWhile intermittent hemodialysis (HD) is the most efficient method of removing lithium in patients with lithium toxicity, continuous renal replacement therapy is an acceptable alternative in the setting of intradialytic hypotension. This form of dialysis can reduce the need for vasopressors during HD, which increases mortality.
Sustainable Electrolytes: Design Principles and Recent Advances
Authors: Ma Xuemei , Zhang Dianwei , Wen Jie , Fan Ling , Rao Apparao M. , Lu Bingan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractToday, rechargeable batteries are omnipresent and essential for our existence. In order to improve the electrochemical performance of electric fields, the introduction of electrolytes with fluorine (F)‐based inorganic elemental compositions is a direction of exploration. However, most fluorocarbons have a high global warming potential and ozone depletion potential, which do not meet the sustainability requirements of the battery industry. Therefore, developing sustainable electrolytes is a viable option for future battery development. Although researchers have made much progress in electrolyte optimization, little attention has been paid to developing low‐toxic and safe electrolytes. This review aims to elucidate the design principles and recent advances in this direction for solvents and salts. It concludes with a summary and outlook on future research directions for the molecular design of green electrolytes for practical high‐voltage rechargeable batteries.
Electronic Current Density Induced by Uniform Magnetic Fields in Clarenes
Authors: Monaco Guglielmo , Summa Francesco F. , Zanasi Riccardo , Lazzeretti Paolo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSome planar and non‐planar clarenes have been studied using maps of magnetically induced quantum‐mechanical current density and tools from differential topology to assess their magnetic response in connection with recent results by Du and Wang. Bond current strengths have been computed to estimate quantitative measures. Isosurfaces of the divergence of induced Lorentz force density have been shown to provide useful additional criteria, especially in the case of non‐planar clarenes.
Ammonothermal Synthesis and Solid‐State NMR Study of the Imidonitridosilicate Rb3Si6N5(NH)6
Authors: Engelsberger Florian M. , Chau Thanh G. , Bräuniger Thomas , Schnick Wolfgang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe imidonitridosilicate Rb3Si6N5(NH)6, being only the second representative of this compound class, was synthesized ammonothermally at 870 K and 230 MPa. Its crystal structure was solved from single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction data. The imidonitridosilicate crystallizes isotypically with the respective potassium compound in space group P4132 with the lattice parameter a=10.9422(4) Å forming a three‐dimensional imidonitridosilicate tetrahedra network with voids for the rubidium ions. The structure model and the presence of the imide groups were verified by Fourier‐Transform infrared (FTIR) and magic‐angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectroscopy, using cross polarization 15N{1H} and 29Si{1H} MAS NMR experiments. Rb3Si6N5(NH)6 represents a possible intermediate during the ammonothermal synthesis of nitridosilicates. The characterization of such intermediates improves the understanding of the reaction pathway from ammonothermal solutions to nitrides. Thus, the ammonothermal synthesis is an alternative approach to the well‐established high‐temperature synthesis leading to the compound class of nitridosilicates.
Targeting Manganese Amidinate and ß‐Ketoiminate Complexes as Precursors for Mn‐Based Thin Film Deposition
Authors: Wilken Martin , Muriqi Arbresha , Krusenbaum Annika , Nolan Michael , Devi Anjana 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWith a focus on Mn based organometallic compounds with suitable physico‐chemical properties to serve as precursors for chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and atomic layer deposition (ALD) of Mn‐containing materials, systematic synthetic approaches with ligand variation, detailed characterization, and theoretical input from density functional theory (DFT) studies are presented. A series of new homoleptic all‐nitrogen and mixed oxygen/nitrogen‐coordinated Mn(II) complexes bearing the acetamidinate, formamidinate, guanidinate and ß‐ketoiminate ligands have been successfully synthesized for the first time. The specific choice of these ligand classes with changes in structure and coordination sphere and side chain variations result in significant structural differences whereby mononuclear and dinuclear complexes are formed. This was supported by density functional theory (DFT) studies. The compounds were thoroughly characterized by single crystal X‐ray diffraction, magnetic measurements, mass spectrometry and elemental analysis. To evaluate their suitability as precursors for deposition of Mn‐based materials, the thermal properties were investigated in detail. Mn(II) complexes possessing the most promising thermal properties, namely Bis(N,N’‐ditertbutylformamidinato)manganese(II) (IV) and Bis(4‐(isopropylamino)pent‐3‐en‐2‐onato)manganese(II) (ßIII) were used in reactivity studies with DFT to explore their interaction with oxidizing co‐reactants such as oxygen and water which will guide future CVD and ALD process development.
La contribution des fournisseurs à la résilience de la chaîne logistique d'équipements de protection individuelle
Authors: Beaulieu Martin , Rebolledo Claudia , Roy Jacques , Landry Sylvain 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe disruptions experienced by the healthcare supply chain of personal protective equipment (PPE) during the COVID‐19 pandemic highlighted the importance of initiatives aimed at strengthening the resilience of this chain. This research takes the point of view of suppliers who were involved in the first months of the pandemic to fully understand their reading of events and thus be able to identify resilience initiatives to face future crises. The case under study is that of the PPE supply chain of the public healthcare and social services sector in the province of Quebec. Interviews with 23 suppliers were the main source of data, which was analyzed through the lens of social capital theory. This case study demonstrates that traditional resiliency initiatives such as safety stock or excess production capacity at suppliers would be better calibrated if buyers conducted a supplier market watch to anticipate major turbulence that could impact the supply chain.
Recent Advances in the Electrochemical Defluorinative Transformations of C—F Bonds
Authors: Wan Qinhui , Liu Rui‐Xue , Zhang Zhongyi , Wu Xia‐Die , Hou Zhong‐Wei , Wang Lei 
Published: April 2024

Comprehensive SummaryOrganic fluorine compounds are ubiquitous and pivotally important organic molecules, yet their activation and transformation have long been a formidable challenge due to the high energy and low reactivity of C—F bonds. Organic electrosynthesis, an environmentally benign synthetic method in organic chemistry, enables a myriad of chemical transformations without the need for external redox reagents. In recent years, organic electrochemistry has emerged as a powerful tool for achieving the activation and transformation of C—F bonds in fluorine‐containing compounds. This review aims to succinctly recapitulate the latest advancements in the electrochemical defluorinative transformations of C—F bonds and to delve into the reaction design, mechanistic insights, and developmental prospects of these methods.
Key ScientistsIn 1959, Lund was the first to pioneer the electroreduction of CF3 to CH3 group. Electrochemistry has lately provided new opportunities for efficient conversion of organic fluorides. In 2020, Zhou and coworkers discovered the electrochemical defluorinative carboxylation of α‐CF3 alkenes. Lambert and colleagues reported electrophotocatalytic defluorinative amination of aryl fluorides. Electrochemical hydrodefluorination of trifluoromethylketones was developed by Lennox and coworkers in 2021. In the same year, Wang and Guo disclosed electrochemical radical defluorinative alkylation of α‐CF3 alkenes with Katritzky salts as the alkyl radical precursors. Subsequently, Wu and Liao described a transition‐metal‐free, site‐selective C—F arylation of polyfluoroarenes with (het)arenes using paired electrophotocatalysis. In 2023, numerous efforts were made to achieve electrochemical C—F bond activation. Xia and Guo developed an organoboron‐controlled method for the chemoselective electrochemical sequential (deutero)hydrodefluorination of trifluoroacetamides.
A comparative study of INSM1 (clone MRQ70) immunoreactivity on CytoLyt® pretreated cytology and resection specimens of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors
Authors: Jakowczuk Tiffany , Ren Shuyue 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionInsulinoma‐associated protein 1 (INSM1) is a newly characterized sensitive and specific immunohistochemical marker for neuroendocrine (NE) tumors. Whereas more traditional NE markers, such as chromogranin A and synaptophysin, are cytoplasmic, INSM1 is uniquely nuclear and thus could serve as a useful addition to NE tumor workup. While application of immunohistochemical studies to cytology specimens is becoming increasingly relevant, knowledge of the effects of the certain fixatives as well as the pattern and intensity of immunoexpression are important considerations.MethodsSixteen cases of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (PanNET) diagnosed between 2015 and 2021 underwent both fine‐needle aspiration, which was subsequently prepared in CytoLyt®‐fixed cytology cell block (CCB), and surgical resection, in which specimens were prepared into formalin‐fixed paraffin embedded blocks (FFPE). For all samples, INSM1 immunoreactivity was classified according to staining intensity and extent, then compared between CCBs and matched FFPEs.ResultsAll 16 FFPE specimens demonstrated strong and diffuse INSM1 immunoreactivity, while only 10/16 (62.5%) CCBs were positive. Of those 10, only 2/10 (20%) demonstrated strong and diffuse reactivity.ConclusionThe choice of fixative has a demonstrable effect on the immunoreactivity of INSM1 in PanNET. Even though the sensitivity is lower in CytoLyt®‐fixed cell block specimens, the addition of INSM1 is useful, especially in challenging cases that may be negative for one or more of the traditional NE markers.
Urinary metabolites indicative of the administration of hypoxen monitored by liquid chromatography–high resolution/accurate mass tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Görgens Christian , Möller Tristan , Guddat Sven , Svambayev Erkebulan , Geyer Hans , Thomas Andreas , Thevis Mario 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHypoxen, a poly(dihydroxyphenylene) thiosulfonate‐based drug, has been investigated concerning its effect on mitochondrial respiration and the utilization of lactate, especially in the context of strenuous exercise. Since 2023, patterns of use regarding hypoxen amongst the athletic population are monitored by the World Anti‐Doping Agency (WADA) and its accredited anti‐doping laboratories, necessitating information on suitable urinary markers indicative of the administration of hypoxen. In this exploratory study, urine samples collected post‐administration of 1.5 and 2.0 g of hypoxen were analyzed by means of liquid chromatography‐high resolution/high mass accuracy (tandem) mass spectrometry, which allowed for the identification of eight analytes that were plausibly attributable to metabolites of hypoxen. The identified species were assigned to the unconjugated species of S‐(2,2′,5,5′‐tetrahydroxy‐[1,1′‐biphenyl]‐3‐yl) sulfurothioate and its glucuronide and additional tentatively identified analytes comprising a mercaptobenzene core structure. Including the identified markers into routine doping control analytical procedures enabled the detection of hypoxen use in athletes' doping control samples, thus contributing relevant information to WADA's monitoring program.
FeF3‐Promoted Radical Fluoroalkylation of o‐Alkenylaryl Isocyanides to Access 2‐Fluoroalkylated Quinolines
Authors: Zhou Xin‐Yin , Zhang Wei‐Ming , Lu Cheng‐Wei , Wang Hua‐Hua , Zhang Xiao‐Hong , Zhang Xing‐Guo , Tu Hai‐Yong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAn iron(III)‐promoted radical fluoroalkylation of o‐alkenylaryl isocyanides has been developed using readily available perfluoroalkyl iodides as fluoroalkyl source. This cyclization reaction features broad substrate scope and provides a simple and efficient approach for regioselective construction of biologically important 2‐fluoroalkylated quinolines in 38–81 % yields.
A novel t(X;21)(p11.4;q22.12) translocation adds to the role of BCOR and RUNX1 in myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemias
Authors: Mavridou Elena , Lema Fernandez Anair Graciela , Nardelli Carlotta , Pierini Valentina , Quintini Martina , Arniani Silvia , Di Giacomo Danika , Crescenzi Barbara , Matteucci Caterina , Sambani Constantina , Mecucci Cristina 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn myeloid neoplasms, both fusion genes and gene mutations are well‐established events identifying clinicopathological entities. In this study, we present a thus far undescribed t(X;21)(p11.4;q22.12) in five cases with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The translocation was isolated or accompanied by additional changes. It did not generate any fusion gene or gene deregulation by aberrant juxtaposition with regulatory sequences. Molecular analysis by targeted next‐generation sequencing showed that the translocation was accompanied by at least one somatic mutation in TET2, EZH2, RUNX1, ASXL1, SRSF2, ZRSR2, DNMT3A, and NRAS genes. Co‐occurrence of deletion of RUNX1 in 21q22 and of BCOR in Xp11 was associated with t(X;21). BCOR haploinsufficiency corresponded to a significant hypo‐expression in t(X;21) cases, compared to normal controls and to normal karyotype AML. By contrast, RUNX1 expression was not altered, suggesting a compensatory effect by the remaining allele. Whole transcriptome analysis showed that overexpression of HOXA9 differentiated t(X;21) from both controls and t(8;21)‐positive AML. In conclusion, we characterized a new recurrent reciprocal t(X;21)(p11.4;q22.12) chromosome translocation in MDS and AML, generating simultaneous BCOR and RUNX1 deletions rather than a fusion gene at the genomic level.