bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Near-Surface Transport Pathways in the North Atlantic Ocean: Looking for Throughput from the Subtropical to the Subpolar Gyre
Authors: Rypina Irina I. , Pratt Lawrence J. , Lozier M. Susan 
Published: January 2011

Abstract
Motivated by discrepancies between Eulerian transport estimates and the behavior of Lagrangian surface drifters, near-surface transport pathways and processes in the North Atlantic are studied using a combination of data, altimetric surface heights, statistical analysis of trajectories, and dynamical systems techniques. Particular attention is paid to the issue of the subtropical-to-subpolar intergyre fluid exchange. The velocity field used in this study is composed of a steady drifter-derived background flow, upon which a time-dependent altimeter-based perturbation is superimposed. This analysis suggests that most of the fluid entering the subpolar gyre from the subtropical gyre within two years comes from a narrow region lying inshore of the Gulf Stream core, whereas fluid on the offshore side of the Gulf Stream is largely prevented from doing so by the Gulf Stream core, which acts as a strong transport barrier, in agreement with past studies. The transport barrier near the Gulf Stream core is robust and persistent from 1992 until 2008. The qualitative behavior is found to be largely independent of the Ekman drift.
Identification of HIF2α as an important STAT5 target gene in human hematopoietic stem cells
Authors: Fatrai Szabolcs , Wierenga Albertus T. J. , Daenen Simon M. G. J. , Vellenga Edo , Schuringa Jan Jacob 
Published: January 2011

Abstract
The transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) fulfills essential roles in self-renewal in mouse and human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), and its persistent activation contributes to leukemic transformation, although little molecular insight into the underlying mechanisms has been obtained. In the present study, we show that STAT5 can impose long-term expansion exclusively on human HSCs, not on progenitors. This was associated with an enhanced cobblestone formation under bone marrow stromal cells of STAT5-transduced HSCs. Hypoxia-induced factor 2α (HIF2α) was identified as a STAT5 target gene in HSCs, and chromatin immunoprecipitation studies revealed STAT5 binding to a site 344 base pairs upstream of the start codon of HIF2α. Lentiviral RNA interference (RNAi)–mediated down-modulation of HIF2α impaired STAT5-induced long-term expansion and HSC frequencies, whereas differentiation was not affected. Glucose uptake was elevated in STAT5-activated HSCs, and several genes associated with glucose metabolism were up-regulated by STAT5 in an HIF2α-dependent manner. Our studies indicate that pathways normally activated under hypoxia might be used by STAT5 under higher oxygen conditions to maintain and/or impose HSC self-renewal properties.
Enzymatic Polymerization to an Alternating N-Phthaloyl Chitin Derivative Catalyzed by Chitinase
Authors: Ohmae Masashi , Kurosaki Kazuhiro , Makino Akira , Kobayashi Shiro 
Published: January 2011

Abstract
A chitin derivative with an alternating N-phthaloyl group was prepared via chitinase-catalyzed polymerization. A chitobiose oxazoline derivative with a N-phthaloyl group at the C2′ position was designed as a transition-state-analog substrate monomer for chitinase belonging to the glycoside hydrolase family 18. The monomer was successfully polymerized by the enzyme catalysis, providing the corresponding chitin derivative. This implies that the recognition at the C2 position of the substrate by the family 18 chitinase in the −2 and +1 subsites is quite loose.
Tacrolimus-Induced Neutropenia in Renal Transplant Recipients
Authors: De Rycke Anja , Dierickx Daan , Kuypers Dirk R. 
Published: January 2011

SummaryTacrolimus has become an important cornerstone in the prevention of rejection after kidney transplantation. However, its use has been complicated by several side effects, including chronic allograft nephropathy, diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, and neurotoxicity. Tacrolimus-induced neutropenia is a less recognized, but potentially harmful complication. Three patients with severe neutropenia developing within 3 months after kidney transplantation are described. After having excluded other well known causes, tacrolimus was considered the most probable culprit. Definitive proof of this hypothesis was obtained by discontinuation of tacrolimus and switching to cyclosporine, which led to recovery of white blood cell count in all three patients.
Plasma S100A12 Level Is Associated with Cardiovascular Disease in Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Shiotsu Yayoi , Mori Yasukiyo , Nishimura Masato , Sakoda Chikako , Tokoro Toshiko , Hatta Tsuguru , Maki Noboru , Iida Kumiko , Iwamoto Noriyuki , Ono Toshihiko , Matsuoka Eiko , Kishimoto Noriko , Tamagaki Keiichi , Matsubara Hiroaki , Kosaki Atsushi 
Published: January 2011

Summary

Background and objectives
S100A12 is an endogenous receptor ligand for advanced glycation end products. Cardiovascular disease remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease. In this study, we report cross-sectional data on 550 hemodialysis patients and assess the relationship between plasma S100A12 level and cardiovascular disease.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
A cross-sectional study of 550 maintenance hemodialysis patients was conducted. We investigated the past history of cardiovascular disease and quantified the plasma level of S100A12 protein in all participants.

Results
Plasma S100A12 level was higher in hemodialysis patients with cardiovascular disease (n = 197; 33.8 ± 28.1 ng/ml) than in those without it (n = 353; 20.2 ± 16.1 ng/ml; P < 0.001). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, the plasma S100A12 level (odds ratio [OR], 1.28; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.13 to 1.44; P < 0.001) was identified as an independent factor associated with the prevalence of cardiovascular disease. The other factors associated with the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases were the presence of diabetes mellitus (OR, 2.81; 95% CI, 1.79 to 4.41; P < 0.001) and high-sensitivity CRP level (OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.00 to 1.05; P = 0.046). Furthermore, the plasma S100A12 level (OR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.09 to 1.54; P = 0.004) was significantly associated with cardiovascular disease even in hemodialysis patients without diabetes mellitus (n = 348).

Conclusions
These results suggest that the plasma S100A12 protein level is strongly associated with the prevalence of cardiovascular disease in hemodialysis patients.
Current-fed Step-up DC/DC Converter for Fuel Cell Applications with Active Overvoltage Clamping
Authors: Andreiciks Aleksandrs , Steiks Ingars , Krievs Oskars 
Published: January 2011

Current-fed Step-up DC/DC Converter for Fuel Cell Applications with Active Overvoltage ClampingIn order to use hydrogen fuel cells in domestic applications either as main power supply or backup source, their low DC output voltage has to be matched to the level and frequency of the utility grid AC voltage. Such power converter systems usually consist of a DC-DC converter and a DC-AC inverter. A double inductor step-up push-pull converter is investigated in this paper, presenting simulation and experimental results for passive and active overvoltage clamping. The prototype of the investigated converter is elaborated for 1200 W power to match the rated power of the proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell located in hydrogen fuel cell research laboratory.
Chinese Influence on Early Modern Indonesian Art ? Hou Qua : a Chinese Painter in 19th-century Java
Authors: Krauss Werner 
Published: January 2011

Werner Kraus
Chinese Influence on Early Modem Indonesian Art ? Hou Qua : a Chinese Painter in 19th- century Java
La découverte que la littérature indonésienne moderne avait été précédée par une littérature écrite en malais par les Chinois de Java fut l'une des étapes importantes de l'histoire littéraire indonésienne. Cet article avance que les Chinois pourraient avoir joué un rôle similaire dans le domaine pictural, celui d'une influence majeure sur l'apparition d'une peinture indonésienne non traditionnelle, à Java au XIXe siècle. L'influence chinoise sur les arts d'Asie du Sud-Est était déjà importante depuis des siècles. À la suite du développement de ce qu'on appela le marché de l'art chinois dans les ports francs de Macao et Canton, un nouveau style pictural pénétra le monde sud-est asiatique. On trouva rapidement une sorte d'art d'exportation à Manille et même à Batavia. Un certain nombre de ces peintres d'exportation furent employés par Raffles et des naturalistes anglais dans le Monde malais. Après l'ouverture forcée de la Chine, certains peintres commerciaux installèrent leurs activités dans les ports sud-est asiatiques. Nous savons que le peintre cantonais Sun Qua avait un studio à Singapour. D'autres se rendirent à Java et parvinrent à pénétrer le marché du portrait. Cet article identifie pour la première fois l'un de ces peintres chinois, Hou Qua, et montre les rapports qui le lièrent à la scène artistique javanaise.
Raden Saleh's Interpretation of the Arrest of Diponegoro : an Example of Indonesian "proto-nationalist" Modernism
Authors: Krauss Werner 
Published: January 2011

Werner Kraus
Raden Saleh's Interpretation of the Arrest of Diponegoro : an Example of Indonesian "proto- nationalist " Modernism
L'arrestation de Diponegoro fut représentée par le peintre néerlandais Pieneman au début des années 1830, dans la tradition des interprétations héroïques de l'histoire néerlandaise. Diponegoro apparaissait soumis, de même que toute sa famille et sa suite. Tous les personnages du tableau semblaient comprendre que la rude action de De Kock avait pour but le bien des Javanais. L'approche de Raden Saleh est différente. C'est un Diponegoro furieux qui est le personnage actif, au centre du tableau. Son regard est provoquant, alors que celui des officiers néerlandais est figé et ne croise les yeux de personne. Le tableau de Saleh peut être interprété à deux niveaux : le premier emploie la perspective de la culture javanais ; le second prend en compte l'histoire de la peinture européenne. Cet unique tableau historique de Raden Saleh suit de près celui de Louis Gallait de 1841, L'abdication de Charles V, qui était l'un des tableaux historiques clefs dans les années précédant la Révolution de 1848. Louis Gallait était belge. Son tableau doit être compris comme une déclaration politique majeure envers le gouvernement néerlandais : notre lutte pour l'indépendance aujourd'hui ressemble à la vôtre il y a 400 ans. Raden Saleh saisit le message et le transforma en une déclaration proto-nationaliste : le Prince Diponegoro est le Guillaume le Taciturne javanais ; sa lutte contre l'occupation étrangère doit être comprise comme le possible début de la fin de la souveraineté néerlandaise à Java. Interprété de cette manière, Raden Saleh représente une partie, ou pour mieux dire une figure de proue, d'une conscience modernisante et mondialisante à Java.
Inscriptions islamiques en arabe de l'archipel des Maldives
Authors: Kalus Ludvik , Guillot Claude 
Published: January 2011

Ludvik kalus, Université Paris IV - Sorbonne & Claude Guillot, Centre national de la
Recherche scientifique, Paris
Inscriptions islamiques en arabe de l 'archipel des Maldives
This article presents and analyses several Islamic inscriptions in Arabie, prior to the year 1000 Hijrah, which have been found in the Maldives archipelago. This descriptive inventory is complemented with comments about their significance for the history of the Maldives and for the commercial and cultural exchanges in the Indian ocean. Special attention is paid to the important inscription of the founding of the Friday mosque in Male, which has been read and commented upon by the Maghrebi traveler Ibn Battuta in ancient times. Not only does this inscription give details about the various restorations of the mosque, it also contains information about the conversion of the country to Islam in the XII th century and about the agent of this conversion, whose identity has varied along the centuries.
An Early Traveler's Compendium : Caspar Schmalkalden 's Images of Asia
Authors: Somers Heidhues Mary 
Published: January 2011

Mary Somers Heidhues, Université de Hambourg
An Early Traveler's Compendium : Caspar Schmalkalden' s Images of Asia
Ce manuscrit du XVIIe siècle, conservé à la bibliothèque de recherche de Gotha et contenant la relation de voyage d'un employé allemand de la VOC, Caspar Schmalkalden (1616-1673), a été publié en 1983 et à nouveau en 2002. Ces deux éditions, cependant, omettent une section importante du texte, contenant la version finale, d'ailleurs incomplète, du récit du retour en Europe. D'autres manuscrits, des brouillons préliminaires, sont conservés dans des bibliothèques européennes. Le fait que Schmalkalden ait visité les Indes Orientales et Occidentales donne à cette relation un intérêt tout particulier, d'autant plus que l'auteur a fourni de nombreuses illustrations, souvent en couleurs. Cet article passe en revue les sections relatives à l'Asie, y compris l'annexe inédite, et tente d'expliquer la façon dont l'ouvrage a été composé. Comme tant de ses contemporains, il est parfois évident que Schmalkalden a emprunté ses informations à d'autres relations de voyage. On peut de même retrouver l'origine de certaines de ces illustrations dans des ouvrages antérieurs, notamment les séries d'images des Indes réalisées par le peintre Andries Beeckmann. Il est donc clair que ce texte attend toujours une édition critique définitive.
A Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing Myectomy and Recession in the Management of Inferior Oblique Muscle Overaction
Authors: Rajavi Zhale , Molazadeh Arman , Ramezani Alireza , Yaseri Mehdi 
Published: January 2011

Purpose:
It is still not clear whether inferior oblique recession or inferior oblique myectomy is a better option for weakening inferior oblique overaction (IOOA). The aim of this study was to compare the effect of these two methods on IOOA.

Methods:
Patients who were candidates for surgical management of IOOA were randomly assigned to either IO myectomy or recession. Complete ophthalmic examinations were performed before surgery. In the myectomy group, 5 mm was excised from the inferior temporal region of IO muscle(s). In the recession group, the IO muscle was disinserted and subsequently sutured to a point 2 mm lateral and 4 mm posterior to the insertion of the inferior rectus muscle on the temporal side. Satisfactory results were defined as an IO function of grade 0 or 1+ at 3 months postoperatively.

Results:

The study included 50 patients (82 eyes) with a mean age of 12.3 ± 5.9 years (range: 3 to 32 years). Both methods were effective on the weakening of IOOA (
P
< .001). The rate of satisfactory results was similar in both groups (
P
= .686). The rate of residual IOOA and IO underaction did not differ between the two groups. Regarding the changes of horizontal or vertical deviations, V pattern, and dissociated vertical deviation, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups.

Conclusion:
For treatment of IOOA, both IO myectomy and recession can be used with similar success rate.
Pediatric Ocular Injuries From Airsoft Toy Guns
Authors: Shazly Tarek A. , Al-Hussaini A. K. 
Published: January 2011

Purpose:
To report ocular injuries caused by airsoft guns in children.

Methods:
A retrospective chart review of pediatric patients who sustained ocular injuries related to airsoft guns between November 2005 and December 2007. Place of trauma, presenting symptoms and signs, surgical interventions performed, and final visual outcome were reviewed.

Results:
Thirty-two patients with a mean age of 8.8 ± 4.0 years (range: 1.5 to 18 years) were examined; 28 were boys (87.5%). Presenting visual acuity ranged from hand motions to 20/20 and could not be assessed in 2 patients. Hyphema was a common finding that was present in 24 cases, corneal abrasions were present in 10 cases, and raised intraocular pressure was present in 7 cases. Seven patients presented with traumatic cataract, and two had iridodialysis. Immediate surgical intervention was performed in 7 patients and 7 patients were scheduled for elective surgery. The patients presented after an average of 1.9 ± 1.9 days (range: 4 hours to 6 days) after the injury. Average follow-up was 18 days (range: 7 days to 5 months). Final visual acuity was 20/200 or worse in 5 patients, 20/40 or better in 23 patients, and could not be assessed in 2 cases.

Conclusion:
Airsoft guns can cause a variety of serious injuries, sometimes necessitating operative intervention. The long-term morbidity from some of these injuries is significant. Airsoft guns are capable of inflicting serious and permanent ocular damage.
A new interpretation of primitive Pythagorean triples and a conjecture related to Fermat's Last Theorem
Authors: Piyadasa RAD , Munasinghe J , Arachchi DK Mallawa , Kumara KH 
Published: January 2011

In this study primitive Pythagorean triples have been carefully examined and found that all of them satisfy a simple rule related to mean value theorem. It is pointed out that integral triples satisfying the equation on Fermat's Last Theorem should satisfy a special rule related to mean value theorem. A conjecture is proposed which may lead to find a simple proof of Fermat's Last Theorem. Keywords: Pythagorean triples; Fermat's Last Theorem DOI: 10.4038/josuk.v3i0.2742J. Sci. Univ. Kelaniya 3 (2007) : 93-98
Coaches Activating, Reaching, and Engaging Patients to Engage in Advance Care Planning
Authors: Rodriguez Gladys M. , Parikh Divya A. , Kapphahn Kris , Gupta Divya M. , Fan Alice C. , Shah Sumit , Srinivas Sandy , Teuteberg Winifred , Seevaratnam Briththa , Asuncion Khay , Chien Joanne , Moore Kaidi , Ruiz Shann Mika , Patel Manali I. 
Published: May 2024

ImportanceAdvance care planning (ACP) remains low among patients with advanced cancer. Multilevel interventions compared with clinician-level interventions may be more effective in improving ACP.ObjectiveTo evaluate whether a multilevel intervention could improve clinician-documented ACP compared with a clinician-level intervention alone.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis randomized clinical trial, performed from September 12, 2019, through May 12, 2021, included adults with advanced genitourinary cancers at an academic, tertiary hospital. Data analysis was performed by intention to treat from May 1 to August 10, 2023.InterventionParticipants were randomized 1:1 to a 6-month patient-level lay health worker structured ACP education along with a clinician-level intervention composed of 3-hour ACP training and integration of a structured electronic health record documentation template (intervention group) or to the clinician-level intervention alone (control group).Main Outcome and MeasuresThe primary outcome was ACP documentation in the electronic health record by the oncology clinician within 12 months after randomization. Secondary, exploratory outcomes included shared decision-making, palliative care use, hospice use, emergency department visits, and hospitalizations within 12 months after randomization.ResultsAmong 402 participants enrolled in the study, median age was 71 years (range, 21-102 years); 361 (89.8%) identified as male. More intervention group participants had oncology clinician–documented ACP than control group participants (82 [37.8%] vs 40 [21.6%]; odds ratio [OR], 2.29; 95% CI, 1.44-3.64). At 12-month follow-up, more intervention than control group participants had palliative care (72 [33.2%] vs 25 [13.5%]; OR, 3.18; 95% CI, 1.91-5.28) and hospice use (49 [22.6%] vs 19 [10.3%]; OR, 2.54; 95% CI, 1.44-4.51). There were no differences in the proportion of participants between groups with an emergency department visit (65 [30.0%] vs 61 [33.0%]; OR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.57-1.33) or hospitalization (89 [41.0%] vs 85 [46.0%]; OR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.55-1.22). Intervention group participants had fewer hospitalizations than control group participants (mean [SD] number of hospitalizations per year, 0.87 [1.60] vs 1.04 [1.77]) and a lower risk of hospitalization (incidence rate ratio, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.65-0.98).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this randomized clinical trial, a multilevel intervention improved oncology clinician–documented ACP compared with a clinician-level intervention alone for patients with genitourinary cancer. The intervention is one approach to effectively increase ACP among patients with cancer.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03856463
Interventions for Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy
Authors: Wang Wilson X. , Xing Maggie , Apte Rajendra S. 
Published: May 2024

Clinical QuestionWhat is the efficacy of pharmacologic interventions in preventing proliferative vitreoretinopathy?Bottom LineThere is limited high-quality evidence to support currently available pharmacological options for prevention of proliferative vitreoretinopathy.
Suprazygomatic Maxillary Nerve Blocks and Opioid Requirements in Pediatric Adenotonsillectomy
Authors: Lin Carole , Abboud Steven , Zoghbi Veronica , Kasimova Ksenia , Thein Jonathan , Meister Kara D. , Sidell Douglas R. , Balakrishnan Karthik , Tsui Ban C. H. 
Published: May 2024

ImportancePain management following pediatric adenotonsillectomies is opioid-inclusive, leading to potential complications.ObjectiveTo investigate the use of suprazygomatic maxillary nerve (SZMN) blocks to reduce pain and opioid use after pediatric intracapsular adenotonsillectomy and to measure recovery duration and incidence of complications.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a randomized, blinded, prospective single-center tertiary pediatric hospital that included 60 pediatric patients (2-14 years old) scheduled for intracapsular adenotonsillectomy from November 2021 to March 2023. Patients were excluded for having combined surgical procedures, developmental delay, coagulopathy, chronic pain history, known or predicted difficult airway, or unrepaired congenital heart disease. Participants were randomized to receive bilateral SZMN blocks (block group) or not (control group).InterventionSZMN block administered bilaterally under general anesthesia for intracapsular adenotonsillectomy.Primary Outcomes and MeasuresOpioid consumption, FLACC (Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability) scores, and rates of opioid-free postanesthesia care unit (PACU) stay. Secondary outcomes were recovery duration and incidence of adverse effects, ie, nausea, vomiting, block site bleeding, and emergency delirium.ResultsThe study population included 53 pediatric patients (mean [SD] age, 6.5 [3.6] years; 29 [55%] females; 24 [45%] males); 26 were randomly assigned to the SZMN block group and 27 to the control group. The mean (SD) opioid morphine equivalent consumption during PACU stay was 0.15 (0.14) mg/kg for the 27 patients in the control group compared with 0.07 (0.11) mg/kg for the 26 patients in the block group (mean difference, 0.08; 95% CI, 0.01-0.15; Cohen d, 0.64). The block group had a higher incidence of opioid-free PACU stays (n = 7 patients; 58%) compared with the control group (n = 15 patients; 26%) (mean difference, 32%; 95% CI, 5%-53%). Patients in the block group experienced lower FLACC scores (0.7 vs 1.6; mean difference, 0.9; 95% CI, 0.2-1.6; Cohen d, 0.7). The overall occurrence of adverse events was similar in the 2 groups, with no reported nerve block-related complications.Conclusions and RelevanceThe results of the randomized clinical trial indicate that SZMN blocks are a useful adjunct tool for managing postoperative pain in pediatric intracapsular adenotonsillectomy. Use of these blocks during adenotonsillectomy provided clinically meaningful reductions of postoperative opioid consumption with a low risk of complications.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04797559