bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Local procedures for axillary hyperhidrosis and osmidrosis: A systematic review of prospective and controlled clinical trials
Authors: Grove Gabriela L. , Henning Mattias A. S. , Togsverd‐Bo Katrine , DiGiorgio Catherine M. , Avram Mathew M. , Haedersdal Merete 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAxillary hyperhidrosis and osmidrosis are challenging to treat, and neither topical nor systemic drugs have provided optimal treatment outcomes. In the past decades, treatment with botulinum toxin (BTX) has gained status as the gold standard, but it has its limitations both in regard to duration as well as indication for osmidrosis, specifically. A variety of local interventions have been explored in both the surgical field and within energy‐based devices (EBDs) for alternative in‐office treatments, but a collective overview is lacking. This study sought to investigate and assess the evidence on and effect of current local procedures for axillary hyperhidrosis and osmidrosis. A systematic search for prospective and controlled clinical trials in the databases PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library until 31 December 2023 was executed. Relevant literature was identified independently by two authors according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Fifty‐nine studies met the criteria for final inclusion, of which 46 studies were randomized controlled trials and 13 were nonrandomized trials. The included studies were classified by procedure type. Individually, a total of 28 studies investigated BTXs, 11 studies explored EBDs, while six studies reported on surgical interventions. Additionally, 14 studies evaluated alternative procedures or investigated combinations and side‐by‐side comparisons of the different procedure types. The dominant evidence on efficacy and safety was of BTX A. EBDs are increasingly being investigated with microwave thermolysis appearing to be the singular most established and scientifically well‐founded method. In the surgical field, less‐invasive methods are gaining ground. To meet the increasing demand for individualized treatment, additional high‐quality comparative studies are required for the establishment of a future variety of standard treatments.
An assessment of urban park accessibility using multi‐source data in Hefei, China: A social equity perspective
Authors: Yang Zhao , Fang Huanying , Wei Guoyi , Mo Jingyi , Gao Xuehui , Zhang Shuiming 
Published: May 2024

AbstractUrban parks are vital to enhance human well‐being and encourage sustainable urban development. However, the supply–demand match between the layout of urban parks and various social groups needs to be addressed. Therefore, this study quantitatively evaluates urban park accessibility using house‐level data from the social equity perspective in Hefei, China. A real‐time navigation route measurement based on the Amap application programming interface was taken advantage of to calculate green space travel time costs‐accessibility, and a combination of the Gaussian‐based two‐step floating catchment area method and measurement model to analyze supply–demand accessibility. On the other hand, housing price was used to indicate dwellers' socioeconomic status. The Gini coefficient, Lorenz curve, and bivariate correlation were adopted to explore the inequality of green space accessibility among residential communities. The results reveal a spatial inequality of green space between communities in the central portion of the Hefei and those in peri‐urban areas. We further found a spatial mismatch between green space resources and population distribution. At the same time, there is a significant correlation between green space accessibility and housing prices, which means the disadvantaged urban strata with low economic income face a supply shortage, while wealthier communities benefit more from green space accessibility. Hence, based on the evaluation results, the author proposes feasible optimization strategies for constructing urban parks in Hefei and can inform policy decisions regarding future park construction.
An integrated assessment of erosion drivers facilitating gully expansion rates—A near century multi‐temporal analysis from South Africa
Authors: Claassen Debbie , Botha Greg , Linol Bastien 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRural areas in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa are severely affected by gully erosion, yet little is known about the rates at which these features are expanding. This study explores the areal extent, physical mechanisms, rates, and drivers of gully expansion with the aim of investigating how erosion rates fluctuate in response to temporal variations of drivers over the last century. Investigations involved the creation of an erosion inventory geo‐database, the identification of area‐specific physical expansion mechanisms, an assessment of static and dynamic drivers, and a multi‐temporal study of 25 gullies in the Mthatha area. Results show gully erosion affects 2.3% of the study area, with gullies exhibiting an average annual areal increase of 2.08%, a sidewall retreat rate of 0.2 m/y, and a headcut retreat of 1.03 m/y over an 82‐year period between 1938 and 2020. A multi‐temporal case study of the Ngwevana Gully showed average annual areal growth rates ranging from 3.9% between 1938 and 1948 to 0.7% between 2017 and 2020. Findings indicate that although gullies consistently expand their areal footprint, they do so at fluctuating rates. An assessment of erosion drivers reveals that temporal promotion or suppression of these erosion rates occurs in response to the complex and dynamic interactions of both natural mechanisms and anthropogenic activities. In Mthatha, the periods of increased rates of erosion are linked to large‐scale flooding events during drier climate cycles, which were further exacerbated by invasive dryland agricultural practices, inappropriate land use, haphazard infrastructure development, and rapid population increases facilitated by past Apartheid settlement laws.
Advantages and caveats of endoscopic to the infratemporal fossa as isolated and combined techniques
Authors: Mongkolkul Kittichai , Salem Eman H. , Alsavaf Mohammad Bilal , Prevedello Daniel M. , Vankoevering Kyle , Kelly Kathleen , Carrau Ricardo L. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveIdentify the benefits and caveats of combining minimal access approaches to the infratemporal fossa (ITF), such as the endoscopic transnasal, endoscopic transorbital, endoscopic transoral, and endoscopic sublabial transmaxillary approaches to address extensive lesions not amenable to a single approach. The study provides anatomical metrics including area of exposure and degree of surgical freedom.MethodsFive human cadaveric specimens (10 sides) were dissected to expose and methodically analyze the anatomical intricacies of the ITF using the following minimal access approaches: endoscopic transnasal transpterygoid (EETA), endoscopic sublabial transmaxillary, endoscopic transorbital via infraorbital foramen, and endoscopic transoral techniques. Area of exposure at the pterygopalatine fossa and surgical freedom at the ITF were obtained for each approach.ResultsThe endoscopic sublabial transmaxillary sinus and the combined approach afford a significantly greater exposure than an isolated EETA. The difference in exposure (mean) between the endoscopic sublabial transmaxillary and EETA was 1.62 ± 0.85 cm2 (p < 0.001), and the difference between the combined approach and EETA was 4.25 ± 0.85 cm2 (p < 0.001).ConclusionsCombining minimal access endoscopic approaches to the ITF can provide significantly greater exposure than an isolated EETA; thus, providing enhanced access to address lesions with extensive involvement of the ITF, especially those with superolateral and inferolateral extensions. In addition, some approaches may have an adjunctive role to the resection, such as the endoscopic transoral approach offering the potential for early control of the internal maxillary artery and its branches, some of which may be supplying the tumor in the ITF; or the endoscopic transorbital approach yielding a direct line of sight to the superior ITF and middle cranial fossa.Level of EvidenceNA.
Increased antibiotic resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from chronic rhinosinusitis patients grown in anaerobic conditions
Authors: Tuli Jannatul Ferdoush , Ramezanpour Mahnaz , Cooksley Clare , Bouras George Spyro , Ogi Kazuhiro , Feizi Sholeh , Nepal Roshan , Psaltis Alkis James , Wormald Peter‐John , Vreugde Sarah 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionIn chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), the congestion and blockage of the nose can cause anaerobic conditions within the sinus cavities which may promote the expression of virulence and antibiotic resistance genes in invading pathogens. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a facultative anaerobic bacteria and causes severe recalcitrant CRS. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance of P. aeruginosa isolates of CRS patients in planktonic and biofilm form grown in aerobic and anaerobic conditions.MethodsP. aeruginosa clinical isolates of CRS patients (n = 25) were grown in planktonic and biofilm form in aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of planktonic forms and minimum biofilm eradication concentrations (MBEC) were determined. Additionally, metabolic activity by fluorescein diacetate assay, biofilm biomass by crystal violet assay and eDNA concentration were assessed in both conditions.ResultsP. aeruginosa planktonic cells grown in anaerobic condition exhibited increased gentamicin resistance (p < .01), whereas P. aeruginosa biofilms grown in anaerobic condition displayed significantly increased MBEC values for gentamicin (p < .0001) and levofloxacin (p < .001). The metabolic activity of anaerobic biofilms was significantly higher compared with aerobic biofilms (p < .0001). However, the biofilm biomass of isolates grown in aerobic conditions was higher than anaerobic conditions (p < .5).ConclusionP. aeruginosa isolates from CRS patients grown in anaerobic conditions showed significantly increased resistance to antibiotics with an increased metabolic activity but decreased biofilm biomass.Level of EvidenceNA.
Lifetime prevalence, risk, and treatment of mood and anxiety disorders in Qatar's national mental health study
Authors: Khaled Salma Mawfek , Alhussaini Nour W. Z. , Alabdulla Majid , Sampson Nancy A. , Kessler Ronald C. , Woodruff Peter W. , Al‐Thani Sheik Mohammed 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo estimate lifetime prevalence, risk, and treatment for mental disorders and their correlates in Qatar's general population for the first time.MethodsWe conducted a national phone survey of 5,195 Qatari and Arab residents in Qatar (2019–2022) using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview Version 3.3 and estimated lifetime mood and anxiety defined diagnoses. Survival‐based discrete time models, lifetime morbid risk, and treatment projections were estimated.ResultsLifetime prevalence of any disorder was 28.0% and was associated with younger cohorts, females, and migrants, but lower formal education. Treatment contact in the year of disorder onset were 13.5%. The median delay in receiving treatment was 5 years (IQR = 2–13). Lifetime treatment among those with a lifetime disorder were 59.9% for non‐healthcare and 63.5% for healthcare; it was 68.1% for any anxiety and 80.1% for any mood disorder after 50 years of onset. Younger cohorts and later age of onset were significantly predictors of treatment.ConclusionsLifetime prevalence of mental disorders in Qatar is comparable to other countries. Treatment is significantly delayed and delivered largely in non‐healthcare sectors thus the need for increased literacy of mental illness to reduce stigma and improve earlier help‐seeking in healthcare settings.
Efficient pulse sequence design framework for high‐dimensional MR fingerprinting scans using systematic error index
Authors: Hu Siyuan , Qiu Zhilang , Adams Richard James , Zhao Walter , Boyacioglu Rasim , Calvetti Daniela , McGivney Debra , Ma Dan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPurposeFor effective optimization of MR fingerprinting (MRF) pulse sequences, estimating and minimizing errors from actual scan conditions are crucial. Although virtual‐scan simulations offer an approximation to these errors, their computational demands become expensive for high‐dimensional MRF frameworks, where interactions between more than two tissue properties are considered. This complexity makes sequence optimization impractical. We introduce a new mathematical model, the systematic error index (SEI), to address the scalability challenges for high‐dimensional MRF sequence design.MethodsBy eliminating the need to perform dictionary matching, the SEI model approximates quantification errors with low computational costs. The SEI model was validated in comparison with virtual‐scan simulations. The SEI model was further applied to optimize three high‐dimensional MRF sequences that quantify two to four tissue properties. The optimized scans were examined in simulations and healthy subjects.ResultsThe proposed SEI model closely approximated the virtual‐scan simulation outcomes while achieving hundred‐ to thousand‐times acceleration in the computational speed. In both simulation and in vivo experiments, the optimized MRF sequences yield higher measurement accuracy with fewer undersampling artifacts at shorter scan times than the heuristically designed sequences.ConclusionWe developed an efficient method for estimating real‐world errors in MRF scans with high computational efficiency. Our results illustrate that the SEI model could approximate errors both qualitatively and quantitatively. We also proved the practicality of the SEI model of optimizing sequences for high‐dimensional MRF frameworks with manageable computational power. The optimized high‐dimensional MRF scans exhibited enhanced robustness against undersampling and system imperfections with faster scan times.
Isolated central nervous system relapse in two adolescents with primary mediastinal large B‐cell lymphoma after treatment with R‐DA‐EPOCH
Authors: Gullickson Cricket , Kersun Leslie , Reilly Anne , Seif Alix , Chehab Leena 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe addition of rituximab to standard regimens for primary mediastinal large B‐cell lymphoma (PMBCL) has significantly improved overall survival. However, the optimal management of isolated central nervous system (CNS) relapse and role of CNS prophylaxis remains undefined. We present cases of two adolescents with PMBCL who developed isolated CNS relapses. While isolated CNS relapse may be managed with high‐dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplant with or without CNS radiotherapy, review of these cases and the literature highlight the need for further work to define risk factors for CNS relapse, and identify patients who may benefit from CNS prophylaxis.
Anomalous hydraulic fluid absorption by carbon fiber/PEKK composites: Physical and mechanical aspects
Authors: Lesimple Gwladys , Iliopoulos Ilias , Miquelard‐Garnier Guillaume , Benethuiliere Thibaut , Bizet Stéphane , Fayolle Bruno 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCarbon fiber (CF)/polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) composites are exposed to Skydrol, a hydraulic fluid made of phosphate esters widely used in the aviation field. The present study investigates Skydrol absorption of CF/PEKK composite layups and the associated PEKK matrix. A significant unexpected increase of Skydrol uptake is observed for cross‐ply composites (0.50%) compared to unidirectional ones (0.06%), independently of ply number. The use of ‘model’ fluids like water and ethanol allows to identify the origin of this anomalous Skydrol absorption in the case of cross‐ply layup. We propose that the latter involves an imbibition process governed by the fluid surface tension and the presence of submicronic cavities. SEM imaging of composite cross‐section after ion beam polishing confirms fiber‐matrix submicronic debonding in the interlaminar region in the cross‐ply composite. SEM–EDX confirms the presence of Skydrol into the submicronic cavities. Despite this anomalous absorption, off‐axis tensile testing as well as ILSS testing show no significant impact of Skydrol on CF/PEKK mechanical properties with less than 10% difference compared to the initial values.Highlights
Absorption by diffusion of Skydrol in neat PEKK and CF/PEKK composites
Link between fluid surface tension and anomalous Skydrol absorption
Evidence of submicronic cavities in CF/PEKK composites by means of SEM–EDX
Low impact of Skydrol on CF/PEKK mechanical properties
Experimental analysis of 3D printed continuous carbon/glass hybrid fiber reinforced PLA composites: Revealing synergistic mechanical properties and failure mechanisms
Authors: Chen Yu , Wei Xiao , Mao Jian , Zhao Man , Liu Gang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the mechanical properties of continuous carbon/glass hybrid fiber‐reinforced polylactic acid (PLA) composites (HFRC) produced through the three dimensions (3D) printing process, comparing them with single carbon fiber‐reinforced PLA composites (CFRC). Initially, composite prepreg filaments are prepared using an impregnation device, followed by fabrication using a 3D printer. The mechanical performance results reveal a 13% increase in tensile strength for HFRC compared with CFRC. Due to differing elongation rates of carbon and glass fibers, HFRC exhibits two strength peaks, while CFRC demonstrates a 37% higher bending strength than HFRC. Scanning electron microscope images indicate that the tensile failure mechanism involves fiber brittle fracture and fiber‐matrix interface debonding, while the bending failure mechanism includes fiber pullout, fiber debonding, fiber cluster buckling, and interlayer interface failure.Highlights
To realize the moldless rapid manufacturing of continuous hybrid fiber‐reinforced PLA composites.
The stress–strain curves of single fiber‐reinforced composites and hybrid fiber‐reinforced composites are obviously different.
Elucidating the effect of single fiber/hybrid fiber in composites on mechanical properties and failure mechanism according to micro‐morphology.
Influence of CO2 laser surface treatment of basalt fibers on the mechanical properties of epoxy/basalt composites
Authors: Pozueco Sergio , Simonini Laura , Mahmood Haroon , Rigotti Daniele , Kakkonen Markus , Riveiro Antonio , Comesaña Rafael , Pou Juan , Tanhuanpää Olli , Kanerva Mikko , Sarlin Essi , Kallio Pasi , Pegoretti Alessandro 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn fiber reinforced composite materials, the interfacial strength between the fibers and the matrix plays a key role in controlling the stress transfer and damage mechanisms of the composite. In this study, CO2 laser surface treatment of the fibers was investigated as a potential sustainable substitute for conventional chemical treatments, that can be costly and have negative environmental effects. The influence of the laser treatment on basalt fiber fabric was comprehensively investigated. The fibers were subjected to different laser power levels and characterized from a morphological and mechanical point of view. From optical and scanning electron microscopy, it was observed that the treated fibers manifested increased surface roughness along with spots of fused and bonded fibers. Individual treated fibers exhibited improved tensile properties with increased values of scale parameter (by about 21%) in the case of a laser power equal to 1.04 W/mm2, and no substantial changes in Young's modulus. The treated fibers were subsequently used in the preparation of epoxy‐based microcomposites, and microdebonding tests revealed an increase in the interfacial shear strength (IFSS) up to 8%. Therefore, this work proved that a laser surface treatment of basalt fibers is a valid alternative to conventional fiber surface modification to enhance the mechanical compatibility between fibers and matrix, and therefore to improve the mechanical performances of basalt fiber composites.Highlights
Failure in composites due to weak interfacial adhesion with epoxy.
CO2 laser treatment of basalt fibers to enhance interfacial adhesion.
Treated fibers exhibit improved tensile properties.
Treated fibers manifested improved interfacial shear strength (IFSS, +8%).
Nanophytomedicine: A promising practical approach in phytotherapy
Authors: Sardarabadi Hadi , Darvishi Mohammad Hasan , Zohrab Fatemeh , Javadi Hamidreza 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe long and rich history of herbal therapeutic nutrients is fascinating. It is incredible to think about how ancient civilizations used plants and herbs to treat various ailments and diseases. One group of bioactive phytochemicals that has gained significant attention recently is dietary polyphenols. These compounds are commonly found in a variety of fruits, vegetables, spices, nuts, drinks, legumes, and grains. Despite their incredible therapeutic properties, one challenge with polyphenols is their poor water solubility, stability, and bioavailability. This means that they are not easily absorbed by the body when consumed in essential diets. Because of structural complexity, polyphenols with high molecular weight cannot be absorbed in the small intestine and after arriving in the colon, they are metabolized by gut microbiota. However, researchers are constantly working on finding solutions to enhance the bioavailability and absorption of these compounds. This study aims to address this issue by applying nanotechnology approaches to overcome the challenges of the therapeutic application of dietary polyphenols. This combination of nanotechnology and phytochemicals could cause a completely new field called nanophytomedicine or herbal nanomedicine.
Nationwide trends of balloon pulmonary angioplasty and pulmonary thromboendarterectomy for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (2012–2019)
Authors: Vohra Adam S. , Olonoff Danielle A. , Ip Ada , Kirtane Ajay J. , Steinberg Zachary , Horn Evelyn , Krishnan Udhay , Reisman Mark , Bergman Geoffrey , Wong Shing‐Chiu , Feldman Dmitriy N. , Kim Luke K. , Singh Harsimran S. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractChronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a sequela of a pulmonary embolus that occurs in approximately 1%−3% of patients. Pulmonary thromboendoarterectomy (PTE) can be a curative procedure, but balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) has emerged as an option for poor surgical candidates. We used the National Inpatient Sample to query patients who underwent PTE or BPA between 2012 and 2019 with CTEPH. The primary outcome was a composite of in‐hospital mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, tracheostomy, and prolonged mechanical ventilation. Outcomes were compared between low‐ and high‐volume centers, defined as 5 and 10 procedures per year for BPA and PTE, respectively. During our study period, 870 BPA and 2395 PTE were performed. There was a 328% relative increase in the number of PTE performed during the study period. Adverse events for BPA were rare. There was an increase in the primary composite outcome for low‐volume centers compared to high‐volume centers for PTE (24.4% vs. 12.1%, p = 0.003). Patients with hospitalizations for PTE in low‐volume centers were more likely to have prolonged mechanical ventilation (20.0%% vs. 7.2%, p < 0.001) and tracheostomy (7.8% vs. 2.6%, p = 0.017). In summary, PTE rates have been rising over the past 10 years, while BPA rates have remained stable. While adverse outcomes are rare for BPA, patients with hospitalizations at low‐volume centers for PTE were more likely to have adverse outcomes. For patients undergoing treatment of CTEPH with BPA or PTE, referral to high‐volume centers with multidisciplinary teams should be encouraged for optimal outcomes.