bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mass spectrometric characterization of aminophospholipids containing N‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)glycine in kombu algae extracts
Authors: Ventura Giovanni , Bianco Mariachiara , Calvano Cosima Damiana , Bianco Giuliana , Di Capua Angela , Coniglio Davide , Losito Ilario , Cataldi Tommaso R. I. 
Published: June 2024

Rationale1,2‐Diacyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phospho‐O‐[N‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)glycines] (PHEGs) are a class of rare aminophospholipids found specifically in brown algae, including kombu seaweed. Despite their potential importance in algal physiology, a comprehensive mass spectrometry (MS) characterization, useful to understand their biological behaviour, is still lacking.MethodsTo establish the structural regiochemical features of PHEGs, we employed hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC). Following separation, the isolated band of PHEGs was analyzed using MS techniques. This included multistage tandem MS experiments, performed in both positive and negative electrospray ionization modes at low and high resolution.ResultsBy comparing MS/MS and MS3 spectra acquired in negative ion mode, the regiochemical rules for PHEG identification were established. The most abundant PHEG species in kombu seaweed, from both Laminaria ochroleuca (European Atlantic) and Laminaria longissima (Japan), was identified as PHEG 20:4/20:4. Less abundant species included PHEG 20:4/20:5 and hydroxylated forms of both PHEG 20:4/20:4 (i.e. 40:8;O) and 20:4/20:5 (40:9;O). The presence of a lyso PHEG 20:4 was consistently detected but at very low levels.ConclusionsThis study employed MS analysis to elucidate the regiochemical patterns of PHEGs in kombu seaweed. We identified PHEG 20:4/20:4 as the dominant species, along with several less abundant variants, including hydroxylated forms. These findings provide valuable insights into the potential roles and metabolism of PHEGs in brown algae, paving the way for further investigation into their biological functions.
Explaining regulatory change in the European Union: The role of the financial crisis in ratcheting up of risk regulation
Authors: Justo‐Hanani Ronit 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe European Union was hit by the financial crisis of 2008. The impact of this crisis, however, and the extent to which this has led to strengthening environmental, health and safety risk regulation in the EU remain open to debate. This article advances the discussion of the “ratcheting‐up” hypothesis by adding a new explanatory factor, namely the financial crisis, and shows what role it played in two cases of risk regulation: Nanotechnology and Alien Invasive Species. It is argued that the crisis, acting as an external economic pressure for the competitiveness and growth of the single market, advanced the economic rationale for strengthening environmental, health and safety standards with implications for effective risk governance, namely regulatory convergence across its (then) 28 member states.
KEAP1–NRF2 system regulates age‐related spermatogenesis dysfunction
Authors: Kuribayashi Sohei , Fukuhara Shinichiro , Kitakaze Hiroaki , Tsujimura Go , Imanaka Takahiro , Okada Koichi , Ueda Norichika , Takezawa Kentaro , Katayama Kotoe , Yamaguchi Rui , Matsuda Koichi , Nonomura Norio 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPurposeThe average fatherhood age has been consistently increasing in developed countries. Aging has been identified as a risk factor for male infertility. However, its impact on various mechanisms remains unclear. This study focused on the KEAP1–NRF2 oxidative stress response system, by investigating the relationship between the KEAP1–NRF2 system and age‐related changes in spermatogenesis.MethodsFor examination of age‐related changes, we used 10‐, 30‐, 60‐, and 90‐week‐old mice to compare sperm count, sperm motility, and protein expression. For assessment of Keap1 inhibition, 85‐week‐old C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to the following groups: control and bardoxolone methyl (KEAP1 inhibitor). Whole‐exome sequencing of a Japanese cohort of patients with non‐obstructive azoospermia was performed for evaluating.ResultsSperm count decreased significantly with aging. Oxidative stress and KEAP1 expression in the testes were elevated. Inhibition of KEAP1 in aging mice significantly increased sperm count compared with that in the control group. In the human study, the frequency of a missense‐type SNP (rs181294188) causing changes in NFE2L2 (NRF2) activity was significantly higher in patients with non‐obstructive azoospermia than in healthy control group.ConclusionsThe KEAP1–NRF2 system, an oxidative stress response system, is associated with age‐related spermatogenesis dysfunction.
Bioinspired Nanolayered Structure Tuned by Extensional Stress: A Scalable Way to High‐Performance Biodegradable Polyesters
Authors: Li Lei , Jia De‐Zhuang , Sun Zhao‐Bo , Zhou Sheng‐Yang , Dai Kun , Zhong Gan‐Ji , Li Zhong‐Ming 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe nacre‐inspired multi‐nanolayer structure offers a unique combination of advanced mechanical properties, such as strength and crack tolerance, making them highly versatile for various applications. Nevertheless, a significant challenge lies in the current fabrication methods, which is difficult to create a scalable manufacturing process with precise control of hierarchical structure. In this work, a novel strategy is presented to regulate nacre‐like multi‐nanolayer films with the balance mechanical properties of stiffness and toughness. By utilizing a co‐continuous phase structure and an extensional stress field, the hierarchical nanolayers is successfully constructed with tunable sizes using a scalable processing technique. This strategic modification allows the robust phase to function as nacre‐like platelets, while the soft phase acts as a ductile connection layer, resulting in exceptional comprehensive properties. The nanolayer‐structured films demonstrate excellent isotropic properties, including a tensile strength of 113.5 MPa in the machine direction and 106.3 MPa in a transverse direction. More interestingly, these films unprecedentedly exhibit a remarkable puncture resistance at the same time, up to 324.8 N mm−1, surpassing the performance of other biodegradable films. The scalable fabrication strategy holds significant promise in designing advanced bioinspired materials for diverse applications.
Removal of Minor Components From Vegetable Oils by a Multistage Chromatography Column in a Specific Order
Authors: Shen Mengqi , Lian Qi , You Sicong , Zhou Lu , Xu Baocheng , Zhang Hongwei , Amjad Muhammad Usman , Liu Lili 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different chromatographic column absorbents (activated clay, silica gel, and activated aluminum oxide) on the adsorption and removal of minor components (sterols, tocopherols, β‐carotene, free fatty acids (FFAs), secondary oxidation products, and peroxides) in vegetable oils. For single absorbents, activated aluminum oxide was the most effective material for removing tocopherols and FFAs from oil. All the adsorbents used have the capacity to remove β‐carotene from edible oils, and activated clay has the strongest ability, with removal rates reaching 99.8%. The brassicasterol, campesterol, β‐sitosterol, γ‐tocopherol, and δ‐tocopherol in vegetable oil can be completely removed by silica gel. Using a combination of these absorbents, a multistage optimized method was developed to maximize the removal of various minor components from vegetable oils. After multistage purification, free sterols, tocopherols, FFAs, β‐carotene, and secondary oxidation products were completely removed, whereas peroxides were also removed at concentrations less than 0.71 mmol/kg. The purified oils could be used as standard samples for in‐depth study of the effects of minor components on formation of association colloids and their influence on oil oxidation, as well as for evaluating the antioxidant potential of novel antioxidants or extracts.
Concepts for a New Rapid and Simple HPLC Method for Simultaneous Determination of Rosuvastatin and Perindopril in Dosage Forms
Authors: Piponski Marjan , Halka Liudmyla , Kucher Tetyana , Kryskiw Liubomyr , Horyn Mariana , Zarivna Nadiya , Duve Khrystyna , Logoyda Liliya 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTSimultaneous determination of a tandem of drugs like perindopril and rosuvastatin with differences in water and organic solvent solubilities, hydrophobicity, polarities, and UV‐absorbing possibilities between them necessitates careful selection of chromatographic conditions. The four specified and different bonded reversed‐phase columns were tested with running mobile phases containing various composition contents concepts; the concept of using diluted trifluoroacetic acid in mobile phase composition with acetonitrile enabled simultaneous acidification and weak ion‐pairing with protonized molecules of analytes, yielding appropriate, short, reasonable run times and resolutions of analytes, satisfying UV‐transparency, and good peak symmetries. These facts especially stand for the peak of perindopril, as a member of the group of proline‐containing moiety in its structure, often and easily prone to peak‐tailing, skewing, or splitting on the high‐performance liquid chromatography chromatograms, which is usually solved by using alkyl‐sulfonate base and ion pairs on higher concentrations of buffering salts with low pH values and with column temperatures increasing by 50°C–60°C. Linearity range was 0.002/004–0.5 mg/mL. The score for method AGREE was 0.73–0.77. The method development approaches, with all columns employing our concepts in mobile phases and experimental conditions, can cover the complete needs and demands of quality control departments and laboratories as simple high‐throughput analysis methods.
Einschränkungen der Mobilität von älteren Verkehrsteilnehmern durch Medikamente, Alkohol und Cannabis
Authors: Bödefeld Theresa , Hartung Benno 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungViele Grunderkrankungen gehen mit Symptomen einher, die die Fähigkeit, komplexe Aufgaben des Alltags zu lösen, beeinträchtigen können. Hierzu gehört auch die aktive Teilnahme am Straßenverkehr. Das Ziel von Arzneimitteltherapien ist es, sofern keine Heilung möglich ist, die Symptome soweit zu lindern, dass der Patient im Alltag so wenig Einschränkungen wie möglich erfährt. Jedoch haben etwa 20 % der ca. 100.000 in Deutschland zugelassenen Arzneimittel verkehrsrelevante Nebenwirkungen, die die Fahrsicherheit ihrerseits ebenfalls beeinträchtigen können.So wird davon ausgegangen, dass an jedem 4. Verkehrsunfall die Wirkung eines Arzneimittels zumindest mitursächlich ist und jeder 10. Verkehrstote Psychopharmaka vor Fahrtantritt eingenommen hat. Neben Alkohol und Drogen stehen insbesondere Medikamente aus der Gruppe der Benzodiazepine, Opioide und Antidepressiva im Verdacht, die Fahrsicherheit zu beeinträchtigen. Die Effekte dieser Substanzen auf junge Menschen sind vielfach beschrieben. In dieser Übersichtsarbeit sollen speziell die verkehrsrelevanten (Neben‑)Wirkungen verschiedener Wirkstoffklassen auf betagte Personen ab 65 Jahren dargestellt werden.Insbesondere Ältere müssen häufig verschiedene Medikamente einnehmen, die aufgrund von Grunderkrankungen anders metabolisiert werden als bei Jüngeren und darüber hinaus interagieren können. Es kann festgestellt werden, dass (1) ältere Personen häufig sensibler auf Substanzen reagieren, (2) nicht alle Vertreter einer Wirkstoffklasse den gleichen Effekt auf die Fahrsicherheit haben und (3) eine pauschale Beurteilung nicht möglich ist, sondern die Wirkungen von weiteren Faktoren, wie zum Beispiel Grunderkrankungen, Therapieregime und Einnahmezeit der Medikation, abhängen.
Rate of oophorectomy in pediatric ovarian torsion: risk factors and change over time
Authors: Ayemoba Joy , Callier Kylie , Johnson Kevin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The management of ovarian torsion in pediatric patients has evolved over time. Ovarian salvage is currently recommended given concerns for fertility preservation and the low likelihood of malignancy. Studies have shown that the incidence of oophorectomy is higher amongst pediatric surgeons in comparison to gynecologists. Using a national database, this study examined how the surgical management of ovarian torsion has evolved.

Methods
Children with a discharge diagnosis of ovarian torsion (ICD-9 code 620.5, ICD-10 code N835X) and procedure codes for oophorectomy (CCS code 119) were identified within the KID database from 2003, 2006, 2009, 2012, 2016, and 2019. Diagnosis of ovarian pathology was based upon ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes at the time of discharge.

Results
A total of 7008 patients, ages 1–20, had a discharge diagnosis of ovarian torsion. Of those patients, 2,597 (37.1%) were diagnosed with an ovarian cyst, 1560 (22.2%) were diagnosed with a benign ovarian neoplasm, and 30 (0.4%) were diagnosed with a malignant neoplasm. There was a decreased risk of oophorectomy in urban-teaching versus rural hospitals (OR: 0.64, p < 0.001). The rate of oophorectomy has decreased overtime. However, patients with benign or malignant neoplasms were more likely to undergo oophorectomy than those without a diagnosis (OR: 2.03, p < 0.001; 4.82, p < 0.001).

Conclusion
The rate of oophorectomy amongst children with ovarian torsion has decreased over time. Yet, despite improvements, oophorectomy is common amongst patients with benign ovarian neoplasms and those treated at rural hospitals. Continued education is needed to optimize patient care in all clinical scenarios.

Level of evidence
IV.
The interplay of intercropping, wildflower strips and weeds in conservation biological control and productivity
Authors: Hatt Séverin , Döring Thomas F. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDifferent diversification practices have the potential to reduce pests and therefore pesticide use. Yet, their integration at the agroecosystem level and the evaluation of their multifunctional effects remain limited. Through a two-year field experiment conducted in Germany, we tested whether associating intercropping (faba bean-wheat, followed by breadseed poppy-barley) with pluriannual wildflower strips strengthens the biological regulation of aphid pests and weeds, and enhances cropping system productivity. The contribution of flowering weeds to conservation biological control was also analysed. Aphid but also predator colonization and predation rates on bean and poppy were consistently lower in intercropping compared to sole cropping. Wildflower strips enhanced aphid predation in bean-wheat intercropping, and further reduced aphid colonization at 10 m distance but not at 20 m in poppy-barley intercropping. Weed biomass was consistently reduced in intercropping compared to sole cropping bean and poppy, and did not significantly affect bean and poppy yields in intercropping. The cover of one flowering weed species, Matricaria recutita, was negatively correlated to aphid colonization and positively correlated to predation rate. Matricaria recutita flowers were also visited more often by predatory hoverflies in plots adjacent to wildflower strips. Finally, land equivalent ratio was consistently higher than 1, and the highest in bean-wheat intercropping associated to wildflower strips. The study demonstrates the benefits of associating wildflower strips to intercropping to strengthen biological control and cropping system productivity. Flowering weeds, maintained at an acceptable level through intercropping, turn out to be relevant functional biodiversity in interacting with wildflower strips for conservation biological control.
Assessing seismic hazard and uncertainty in Büyükçekmece using ground motion simulations
Authors: Süleyman Hakan , Çaktı Eser 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study presents a comprehensive seismic hazard assessment for Büyükçekmece, a district in Istanbul, Turkey, situated near the seismically active North Anatolian Fault (NAF). The study utilizes stochastic ground motion simulations with the validated EXSIM algorithm to understand the potential impact of medium to large-magnitude earthquakes (ranging from MW 6.3 to 7.42) on this vulnerable community. The research employs a site-specific approach, considering unique amplification factors for each location. By conducting 50 scenario-based simulations, the study assesses the seismic hazard, highlighting the importance of comprehending variations in ground motion, even when they are small, for a more precise hazard assessment. Furthermore, this study addresses the critical issue of uncertainty, particularly concerning stress parameters and hypocenter locations. The researchers demonstrate that variability in these factors can introduce substantial uncertainty in ground motion predictions. The study provides insights into the range of potential ground motion outcomes through probabilistic assessments involving multiple scenarios and stress drop values. Notably, the results indicate that ground motion levels vary with earthquake magnitudes and underscore the significance of accounting for this variability. This research emphasizes the seismic vulnerability of Büyükçekmece and the importance of accurate ground motion simulations, offering valuable insights for earthquake preparedness and mitigation efforts in the region.
New Generation Carboxyl Functionalized SiO2 Nanocomposite Encapsulated with Nd3+SIP Hydrogen Bonded Organic Framework (Ln3+-HOF) Support for NIR-Luminescence
Authors: Coban Mustafa Burak , Gungor Elif , Acar Yasemin , Subasat Hulya Kara 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this study, hydrothermally synthesized {[Nd(SIP)(H2O)4]}n (NdSIP) and carboxylate-modified SiO2 spheres were used to obtain SiO2@NdSIP nanocomposites. Different concentrations of NdSIP in the range of 5–15%wt. were used in the hydrothermal synthesis of SiO2@NdSIP nanocomposites. NdSIP has been structurally characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction technique. NdSIP and SiO2@NdSIP nanocomposites were characterized using various techniques including field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Hirshfeld surface analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), solid-state UV absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy.
Comparison of ReCiPe 2016, ILCD 2011, CML-IA baseline and IMPACT 2002+ LCIA methods: a case study based on the electricity consumption mix in Europe
Authors: Rybaczewska-Błażejowska Magdalena , Jezierski Dominik 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The international standards ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 do not specify a single method for the performance of life cycle impact assessment (LCIA). As a result, many different LCIA methods have been developed and the choice between them is not always obvious. Therefore, the main aim of this research is to systematically compare the most commonly used multi-impact LCIA methods worldwide to support practitioners in confronting the question of how the choice of LCIA method affects the LCA results.

Methods
Four LCIA methods: ReCiPe 2016, ILCD 2011, CML-IA baseline and IMPACT 2002+ at the midpoint level were applied to compare the environmental profiles of the electricity consumption mix in the EU-27, Norway, Switzerland and the United Kingdom, taking into account the electricity consumption mix in individual countries. The results of the impact categories were converted into common metrics using unit conversion factors to allow the comparison of the results in absolute values across LCIA methods.

Results and discussion
In the LCA study, four common LCIA methods were compared across 12 defined midpoint areas of impacts. Results were consistent for climate change and ozone depletion, with the exception of the ReCiPe 2016 method, and acidification and eutrophication, with the exception of the IMPACT 2002+ method. Significant disparities were noted for ozone formation/respiratory organics, particulate matter/respiratory inorganics ecotoxicity and water consumption. The rankings of environmental profiles remained largely consistent across LCIA methods, with only a few exceptions concerning the following midpoint areas of impacts: ozone formation/respiratory organics, ecotoxicity and resource scarcity (minerals). Contribution analysis highlighted the crucial role of only a few key substances in each area.

Conclusions
The methodological choices during LCIA have significant implications for the characterisation results in absolute values, but lead, in most cases, to comparable conclusions on the ranking of environmental profiles of the electricity consumption mix in the EU-27, Norway, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. This results from large methodological discrepancies between LCIA methods, concerning, among others, the geographical differentiation (either the European or global context), the scope of the impact categories grouped into the same midpoint area of impacts (for instance eutrophication) and the contribution of specific environmental flows to a given result of the impact category. Consequently, the findings of this research underpin the importance of careful selection of the LCIA method and impact categories, following the goal and scope definition and unique attributes of each method.
Lie symmetry analysis of cubic–quartic optical solitons having cubic–quintic–septic–nonic form of self-phase modulation structure
Authors: Kukkar Akshat , Kumar Sachin , Malik Sandeep , Murad Muhammad Amin Sadiq , Arnous Ahmed H. , Biswas Anjan , Yildirim Yakup , Alshomrani Ali Saleh 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe present study examines optical solitons characterized by cubic–quartic dynamics and featuring a self-phase modulation structure encompassing cubic, quintic, septal, and nonic terms. Soliton solutions are obtained through Lie symmetry analysis, followed by integration of the resulting ordinary differential equations using Kudryashov’s auxiliary equation method and a hyperbolic function approach. A comprehensive range of optical soliton solutions has been recovered, alongside the revelation of their criteria for existence.