bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Harnessing stimuli‐responsive biomaterials for advanced biomedical applications
Authors: Liao Ziming , Liu Tingting , Yao Zhimin , Hu Tian , Ji Xiaoyuan , Yao Bin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCell behavior is intricately intertwined with the in vivo microenvironment and endogenous pathways. The ability to guide cellular behavior toward specific goals can be achieved by external stimuli, notably electricity, light, ultrasound, and magnetism, simultaneously harnessed through biomaterial‐mediated responses. These external triggers become focal points within the body due to interactions with biomaterials, facilitating a range of cellular pathways: electrical signal transmission, biochemical cues, drug release, cell loading, and modulation of mechanical stress. Stimulus‐responsive biomaterials hold immense potential in biomedical research, establishing themselves as a pivotal focal point in interdisciplinary pursuits. This comprehensive review systematically elucidates prevalent physical stimuli and their corresponding biomaterial response mechanisms. Moreover, it delves deeply into the application of biomaterials within the domain of biomedicine. A balanced assessment of distinct physical stimulation techniques is provided, along with a discussion of their merits and limitations. The review aims to shed light on the future trajectory of physical stimulus‐responsive biomaterials in disease treatment and outline their application prospects and potential for future development. This review is poised to spark novel concepts for advancing intelligent, stimulus‐responsive biomaterials.
Finding Waldo: Sonographic systematic approach to localize the appendix in children
Authors: Ahyad Rayan A. , Mansory Eman M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo describe a systematic scanning approach using anatomical landmarks followed by an assessment of radiology trainees' ability to identify the normal appendix in healthy children.MethodsUncontrolled pre and post study assessing radiology residents' sonographic skills in detecting the normal appendix in healthy children. Initial questionnaire for the trainees' demographics, perceptions and experiences in detecting the appendix with ultrasound in children followed by a precourse test on healthy volunteers. Hands‐on training was conducted by describing a systematic sonographic approach to identify the appendix using anatomical landmarks, and then a postcourse test was carried out. The primary outcome was unprompted ability to identify the appendix. Subjective self‐scoring of confidence was also recorded.ResultsA three‐hour hands‐on workshop was conducted. Sixteen radiology trainees participated and were randomly distributed to four stations, each with different ultrasound machines and healthy volunteers. Fifteen had a precourse assessment, and 12 completed the postcourse assessment. Before the course, 3/15 (20%) identified the appendix, while 10/12 (83%) identified the appendix afterward. After the course, participants perceived finding the appendix easier than before. There was no statistically significant difference in the participants' perceived confidence in detecting the appendix.ConclusionsWith the described scanning technique, most of the participants were able to identify the normal appendix after receiving short hands‐on training. This highlights the importance of targeted training of radiology trainees and nonradiologists.
Postoperative patient‐reported outcome measures after medial open‐wedge high tibial osteotomy was improved by decreased joint line convergence angle
Authors: Kumaki Daiki , Tensho Keiji , Iwaasa Tomoya , Maezumi Yusuke , Yoshida Kazushige , Koyama Suguru , Shimodaira Hiroki , Hiriuchi Hiroshi , Takahashi Jun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the relationship between pre‐ and postoperative joint line convergence angle (JLCA) changes and patient‐reported outcome measures related to medial open‐wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO).MethodsSixty‐one patients (71 knees) who underwent MOWHTO were examined. Preoperative and 2‐year postoperative radiographic parameters (hip–knee–ankle angle, weight‐bearing line ratio, medial proximal tibial angle and JLCA) were measured, and knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome scores (KOOS) were assessed. Patients were divided into two groups: group D (decreased JLCA compared with preoperative status) included 44 knees with a ΔJLCA < 0° and group I (increased JLCA and no‐change JLCA compared with preoperative status) included 27 knees with a ΔJLCA ≥ 0°. KOOS sub‐scores and the proportion of patients whose improvement exceeded the minimum clinically important difference (MCID) were compared between both groups using Student's t tests, Mann–Whitney U tests and chi‐square tests. Multiple regression analysis was performed to determine the factor that had an influential effect on the postoperative KOOS total.ResultsSignificant differences in 2‐year postoperative KOOS were observed between the two groups, including total, symptom, pain and activities of daily living scores. Group D had significantly more patients who achieved MCID for both KOOS symptoms and pain scores than group I did. Multivariate analysis indicated that JLCA change and body mass index were significantly associated with the postoperative KOOS total.ConclusionPatients with decreased JLCA had better 2‐year post‐MOWHTO KOOS and better symptom and pain improvements. Therefore, strategies that reduce JLCA are crucial to improving clinical outcomes, and efforts should be made to improve JLCA in surgical techniques.Level of EvidenceLevel Ⅳ, Case series.
Near‐Infrared and Cyan Dual‐Band Emission Copper Iodide Based Halides with [Cu6I9]3− Cluster
Authors: Zhang Ruiqing , Xie Huidong , Wang Fu , Zhao Qiyu , Meng Lingyi , Tang Zuobin , Su Binbin , Liu Hu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe luminescence property of various compounds is developed in the photoelectric applications field, while the near‐infrared (NIR) dual‐band emission of compounds is extremely challenging. Herein, 0D Cu(I)‐based organic–inorganic module (ETA)3Cu6I9 is synthesized to achieve NIR and cyan dual‐band emission in metal halide systems. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations combined with comprehensive spectroscopic data reveal its emission mechanism. Under the excitation at 371 nm, (ETA)3Cu6I9 shows the broadband NIR emission peaking at 775 nm with a large wavelength, attributed to the triple‐cluster‐center (3CC) transition. Meanwhile, under 286 nm excitation, (ETA)3Cu6I9 shows a bright cyan emission peaking at 490 nm, attributed to the metal‐to‐ligand charge transfer (MLCT) or halide‐to‐ligand charge transfer (XLCT) transitions. Moreover, (ETA)3Cu6I9 presents relatively superior thermal and air stability. Benefiting from the good stability of (ETA)3Cu6I9, the as‐fabricated NIR‐LED device demonstrates great potential in biological imaging and night vision. This study opens up a new way for designing new non‐toxic NIR and cyan dual‐band emission materials, which guides to synthesize new materials in metal halide field.
Why the Mostafa Maged maneuver is better: Mostafa Maged maneuver compared with bimanual uterine compression for postpartum hemorrhage
Authors: Maged Ali Mostafa , Rabie Mohamed Elsharkawy Mustafa 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the Mostafa Maged maneuver compared with bimanual uterine compression for the management of postpartum hemorrhage during vaginal delivery.MethodsThis was a prospective study involving 200 patients divided into two groups with 100 patients in each group. Group I received (Mostafa Maged maneuver), and Group II received (routine bimanual uterine compression). The Mostafa Maged maneuver requires placing the right hand in the posterior fornix and positioning the left hand on the uterine fundus and posterior uterine wall via the abdomen exteriorly. The subsequent step involves holding the entire uterus against the symphysis pubis. We determined the duration of each maneuver until practitioner fatigue and evaluated whether oxytocin was administered after compression for each maneuver.ResultsNo patients required blood transfusions in Group I (Mostafa Maged maneuver), unlike in Group II, in which 17/100 patients received blood transfusions after bimanual compression. There was a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001) between the groups regarding the administration of oxytocin. The mean duration of applying the Mostafa Maged maneuver was 12.7 min (range: 11–15 min). The mean duration of bimanual uterine compression (Group II) was 4.04 min (range: 3.5–4.5 min). There was a statistically significantly shorter duration for the Mostafa Maged maneuver and shorter time to onset of fatigue compared with bimanual uterine compression (p = 0.02, and p = 0.001, respectively). In contrast, there were no statistically significant differences between both groups for the dealing with the patient and the blood transfusion rate.ConclusionThe Mostafa Maged maneuver is easy to learn and feasible to perform compared with bimanual uterine compression. The Mostafa Maged maneuver may be a valuable addition to current conservative treatments for atonic postpartum hemorrhage, especially for obstetricians who lack the training and expertise to perform more complex procedures and those working in minimally equipped facilities.Trial registrationClinical trial registration, including the date of registration: NCT06002256.
Dietary Flavonoids Consumption and Health: An Umbrella Review
Authors: Li Haoqi , Zeng Yaxian , Zi Jing , Hu Yifan , Ma Guochen , Wang Xiaoyu , Shan Shufang , Cheng Guo , Xiong Jingyuan 
Published: May 2024

ScopeThe current evidence between dietary flavonoids consumption and multiple health outcomes is inadequate and inconclusive. To summarize and evaluate the evidence for dietary flavonoids consumption and multiple health outcomes, an umbrella review of meta‐analyses and systematic reviews is conducted.Methods and resultsPubMed, Ovid‐EMBASE, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews are searched up to January 2024. The study includes a total of 32 articles containing 24 unique health outcomes in this umbrella review. Meta‐analyses are recalculated by using a random effects model. Separate analyses are performed based on the kind of different flavonoid subclasses. The study finds some unique associations such as flavonol and gastric cancer, isoflavone and uterine fibroids and endometrial cancer, total flavonoids consumption and lung cancer, ovarian cancer, and prostate cancer. Overall, the study confirms the negative associations between dietary flavonoids consumption and type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer, and mortality, while positive associations are observed for prostate cancer and uterine fibroids.ConclusionAlthough dietary flavonoids are significantly associated with many outcomes, firm generalizable conclusions about their beneficial or harmful effects cannot be drawn because of the low certainty of evidence for most of outcomes. More well‐designed primary studies are needed.
Balancing nutrition for successful reproduction in ruminants
Authors: Ding Yitong , Liu Xinyue , Guan Yueming , Li Zimu , Luo Mengcheng , Wu Duanqin , Ye Lan , Guo Liu , Wang Leli , Guan Yongjuan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractProper nutrition is essential for sustaining optimal reproductive function in both humans and ruminants. Studies have shown that both undernutrition and overnutrition can negatively impact human reproductive processes. However, the Mediterranean diet, with its balanced and nutrient‐rich composition, is recognised for its positive effects on human reproduction. In the context of ruminants, a well‐balanced and nutrient‐rich diet is equally crucial for achieving peak reproductive performance. Grazing, which allows ruminants to feed on natural pasture in open environments, contrasts with indoor feeding, which is conducted in more controlled settings. A balanced dietary approach is vital for the successful reproduction of ruminant animals, and a combination of grazing and indoor feeding has been identified as an effective strategy to enhance their reproductive success. This review emphasises the impact of nutrition on reproductive outcomes in both human and ruminant populations, advocating for balanced dietary practices to improve reproductive success across species. A thorough understanding of the complex relationship between nutrition and reproductive health can offer valuable insights into enhancing fertility and reproductive efficiency in various contexts.
VISTA‐targeted antibody‐drug conjugates exhibit potent antitumor effects on malignant pleural mesothelioma
Authors: Kang Jingyue , Zhang Zongliang , Zhang Ruyuan , Zheng Meijun , Jiang Caiying , Yang Hui , Tong Aiping , Zhang Yan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMalignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a malignant tumor of the pulmonary pleural tissue for which there is a lack of effective targeted therapy. In this study, moderate to high V‐domain immunoglobulin T‐cell activation suppressor (VISTA) expression levels were observed in most MPM clinical tumor samples. We prepared two high‐affinity anti‐VISTA monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and generated two novel VISTA‐targeted antibody‐drug conjugates (ADCs) by conjugating anti‐VISTA mAbs with the potent cytotoxic drug monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE). αV1‐MMAE and αV2‐MMAE showed potent killing effects to VISTA‐positive cell lines in vitro, with half‐maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of nanomolar levels. αV1‐MMAE and αV2‐MMAE were also able to significantly induce apoptosis and cause G2/M phase arrest in VISTA‐positive cells. In the VISTA‐positive human MPM xenograft model, both αV1‐MMAE and αV2‐MMAE showed significant antitumor activity, led to a significant survival advantage compared to mice in the control group, and effectively induced apoptosis in the tumor tissues of mice. In conclusion, we demonstrated that the novel VISTA‐targeted ADCs (αV1‐MMAE and αV2‐MMAE), especially αV1‐MMAE, had potent killing effects against VISTA‐positive MPM cells both in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, through further development, they may have the potential to become new drugs for the treatment of MPM.
Simple MATLAB and Python scripts for multi‐exponential analysis
Authors: Afrough Armin , Mokhtari Rasoul , Feilberg Karen L. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMulti‐exponential decay is prevalent in magnetic resonance spectroscopy, relaxation, and imaging. This paper describes simple MATLAB and Python functions and scripts for regularized multi‐exponential analysis methods for 1D and 2D data and example test problems and experiments. Regularized least‐squares solutions provide production‐quality outputs with robust stopping rules in ~5 and ~20 lines of code for 1D and 2D inversions, respectively. The software provides an open‐architecture simple solution for transforming exponential decay data to the distribution of their decay lifetimes. Examples from magnetic resonance relaxation of a complex fluid, a Danish North Sea crude oil, and fluid mixtures in porous materials—brine/crude oil mixture in North Sea reservoir chalk—are presented. Developed codes may be incorporated in other software or directly used by other researchers, in magnetic resonance relaxation, diffusion, and imaging or other physical phenomena that require multi‐exponential analysis.
Impact of semaglutide on osteoarthritis risk in patients with obesity: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Baser Onur , Isenman Lauren , Baser Sefika , Samayoa Gabriela 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundOsteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative joint disorder. While the effect of obesity on OA is well documented, less is known about the effect of semaglutide on OA.ObjectiveTo determine the impact of semaglutide on the risk of OA in patients with obesity in the United States.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted utilizing Kythera Medicare closed claims data from November 1, 2020 to October 31, 2023. Continuously enrolled patients with obesity diagnoses during the baseline period (November 1, 2020– October 31, 2021) were identified and grouped based on whether they had or had not used semaglutide during the identification period (November 1, 2021– October 31, 2022) and followed if they had OA during the follow‐up period. Multivariate analysis was utilized to adjust for demographic variables and comorbidities.ResultsWe identified 1360 patients taking semaglutide and 39,891 patients not taking semaglutide. The most common comorbidities were chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, depression, and anxiety. After controlling for demographic and clinical factors, the semaglutide cohort had a significantly lower risk of OA than the non‐semaglutide cohort (HR, 0.84; p = 0.0069).ConclusionsThis study suggests that semaglutide may have the potential to help in preventing OA.
Polyurethane nanofiber scaffolds for future bone tissue applications: Using β‐cyclodextrin and zinc oxide nanoparticles to improve the properties
Authors: Khan Rumysa Saleem , Rather Anjum Hamid , Rafiq Muheeb , Wani Taha Umair , Jadhav Arvind H. , Abdal‐hay Abdalla , Kanjwal Muzafar A. , Ahmad Syed Mudasir , Sheikh Faheem A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractNumerous strategies exist to design a suitable bone graft made from polyurethane (PU) nanofibers. However, using PU nanofibers is impractical owing to their hydrophobicity. This work transforms the hydrophobicity of PU nanofibers using β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs). Transmission and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated the size of ~100 to 200 nm for ZnO NPs, and these NPs could finely harmonize inside nanofibers. The phenolphthalein absorbance test confirmed the inclusion of ZnO and β‐CD. Fourier transform infrared, X‐ray diffraction, and photoelectron spectroscopy showed that synthesized composites have intermolecular hydrogen interactions between the PU, β‐CD, and ZnO NPs. These embellishments improved the hydrophilicity from a contact angle of 60.2 ± 0.2° to 0°. The tensile strength of modified fibers increased from 2.16 ± 0.14 to 6.65 ± 6.0 MPa. The incorporation of ZnO NPs caused the mineralization of the nanofibers and the maximum number of hydroxyapatite NPs in the composite, which had the highest concentration of ZnO NPs. These nanofiber mats boosted the proliferation of Human Embryonic Kidney 293 T cells till 6 days of culture for the nanofiber with 5% β‐CD and 75 mg ZnO NPs combination. Cell fixation studies indicated the successful attachment of cells onto nanofibers. Consequently, our multifunctional scaffolds could be osteoproductive and osteoinductive biomaterials for future bone tissue engineering.
Amphiphilic block copolymers of poly(vinylidene fluoride) and poly(ethylene glycol)
Authors: Alamoudi Ammar A. , Nikam Shrikant B. , Bhaumik Saibal , Hadjichristidis Nikos 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAmphiphilic block copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) were successfully synthesized by growing poly(vinylidene fluoride) on PEG‐chain transfer agent (PEG‐macro‐CTA) using reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. MeO‐PEG‐XA, and XA‐PEG‐XA macro‐CTAs (XA refers to the xanthate moiety), synthesized by esterification of MeO‐PEG‐OH (20,000 g mol−1) and HO‐PEG‐OH (20,000 g mol−1) with 2‐bromopropionyl bromide followed by reaction with potassium ethyl xanthate, were used to synthesize MeO‐PEG‐b‐PVDF and PVDF‐b‐PEG‐b‐PVDF, respectively. The synthesized macro‐CTAs and block copolymers were characterized by NMR (1H, 13C and 19F), FTIR, and SEC. Furthermore, the PVDF/PEG block copolymer formation was proved by 1H DOSY NMR. The thermal properties were determined by TGA and DSC. The crystallinity and electroactive phases were revealed by XRD and FTIR. The size and shape of self‐assembled block copolymers in DMF/water mixtures were determined by DLS, TEM and critical micelle concentration with fluorescence spectroscopy. The influence of molecular weight and PVDF content on the properties of copolymers is discussed.
The transformation of Cure4Kids: Expanding knowledge transfer capacity
Authors: Berg Fair , Conger Kristy , Avula Meghana , Hansen Cameron , Chatman Georgia , Provasnik John , Alguire Kaylea , Wellman Andrew , Chantada Guillermo , Rodriguez‐Galindo Carlos , Moreira Daniel C. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGlobal survival disparities among children with cancer and other catastrophic diseases are the driving force behind Cure4Kids’ sustained outreach to healthcare professionals. Congruent with this need, Cure4Kids was redesigned to meet the emergent demands of diverse healthcare professionals seeking free, web‐based pediatric hematology/oncology education. Herein, we present an overview of each phase of the design and development process for the transformation and describe key features of the new Cure4Kids and future opportunities for expansion.
Cardiovascular and muscular plasticity in an endurance‐master athlete following 12 weeks of detraining and retraining: a case study
Authors: Zanou Nadège , Gremeaux Vincent , Place Nicolas , Lepers Romuald 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study examined the cardiorespiratory and muscular adaptations of a 53‐year‐old endurance master athlete following 12 weeks of detraining and retraining.MethodsData were collected before and after detraining, and after retraining. Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) was evaluated during maximal cycling exercise. Proteins involved in muscle contraction, mitochondrial function and glycolysis were investigated using western blot analysis.ResultsVO2max decreased by 7% after detraining and was 5% greater than baseline after retraining. Detraining induced an important increase in the ryanodine receptor type 1 protein levels (RyR1, +44%) with a decrease in the protein levels of its stabilizer FKBP12 (−24%). We observed a 138% increase in the sarco‐endoplasmic reticulum ATPase 1 protein and a 42% increase in the myosin heavy chain fast‐twitch protein in response to detraining. This was associated with depressed levels of the mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) proteins, while the expression of the mitochondrial dynamic proteins appeared stimulated. Twelve weeks of retraining reversed almost all the alterations observed in muscle proteins, but specifically increased mitochondrial biogenesis, OXPHOS and antioxidant defence proteins as well as the glucose transporter 4 (Glut‐4, +36%) and hexokinase (+100%) proteins levels above the baseline. The mitochondrial dynamic proteins were further increased with the retraining.ConclusionsThese data provide novel information on cardiorespiratory and muscular plasticity, suggesting that highly endurance‐trained athletes might show substantial muscular adaptations while retrained after a detraining period and call for more extensive clinical trials.