bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Most Distant H i Galaxies Discovered by the 500 m Dish FAST
Authors: Xi Hongwei , Peng Bo , Staveley-Smith Lister , For Bi-Qing , Liu Bin , Chen Ru-Rong , Yu Lei , Ding Dejian , Guo Wei-Jian , Zou Hu , Xue Suijian , Wang Jing , Brink Thomas G. , Zheng WeiKang , Filippenko Alexei V. , Yang Yi , Wei Jianyan , Dai Y. Sophia , Li Zi-Jian , He Zizhao , Jiang Chengzi , Moiseev Alexei , Kotov Sergey 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Neutral hydrogen (H i) is the primary component of the cool interstellar medium (ISM) and is the reservoir of fuel for star formation. Owing to the sensitivity of existing radio telescopes, our understanding of the evolution of the ISM in galaxies remains limited, as it is based on only a few hundred galaxies detected in H i beyond the local Universe. With the high sensitivity of the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST), we carried out a blind H i search, the FAST Ultra-Deep Survey, which extends to redshifts up to 0.42 and a sensitivity of 50 μJy beam−1. Here, we report the first discovery of six galaxies in H i at z > 0.38. For these galaxies, the FAST angular resolution of ∼4′ corresponds to a mean linear size of

∼
1.3

h

70

−
1

Mpc. These galaxies are among the most distant H i emission detections known, with one having the most massive H i content (

10

10.93
±
0.04

h

70

−
2

M

⊙

). Using recent data from the DESI survey and new observations with the Hale, Big Telescope Alt-azimuth, and Keck telescopes, optical counterparts are detected for all galaxies within the 3σ positional uncertainty (

0.5

h

70

−
1

Mpc) and 200 km s−1 in recession velocity. Assuming that the dominant source of H i is the identified optical counterpart, we find evidence of evolution in the H i content of galaxies over the last 4.2 Gyr. Our new high-redshift H i galaxy sample provides the opportunity to better investigate the evolution of cool gas in galaxies. A larger sample size in the future will allow us to refine our knowledge of the formation and evolution of galaxies.
SpyderZ: An Efficient Support Vector Machine Library for Photometric Redshift Estimation and Redshift Probability Information
Authors: Agarwal Vikhyat , Singal Jack , Gyure Christine 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We present SpyderZ, a Python-based library for photometric redshift estimation using support vector machines (implemented with scikit-learn). Our approach discretizes redshift values into uniformly-sized bins and uses one-vs-one support vector classifiers with voting strategies to produce effective probability density functions (ePDFs) over redshift for each galaxy. These ePDFs, which are not constrained to be Gaussian or any other shape, allow for our model's predictions to be used quantitatively with uncertainty analysis methods, and have been shown to enable reliable catastrophic outlier detection. Adapted from the previous IDL package SpiderZ, SpyderZ offers training and evaluation speed optimizations on the order of 102, along with support for parallelization across CPU cores. Our library also offers in-built data sanity checks, result visualizations, metric calculations, cross validation, batch evaluations, and parallelized hyperparameter search (grid search and random search).
Increasing the Usability and Accessibility of Voyager 2 Images of Triton
Authors: Bland Michael T. , Martin Emily S. , Patthoff Alex 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Much of what we know about Neptune’s moon Triton was inferred from the analysis of images returned by the Voyager 2 mission, the only spacecraft to have visited that putative ocean world. Unfortunately, the highest-resolution images (scales < 2 km pixel−1) are difficult to use because they are only available in nonstandard formats, and the locations of the images on Triton’s surface are incorrect by up to 200 km. Although image mosaics of Triton are publicly available, these do not include the highest-resolution data. Here we describe our effort to improve the usability and accessibility of Voyager 2 images of Triton. We used the USGS’s ISIS software to process 41 Triton images, including geometric calibration, radiometric calibration, and reseau removal. We improved the image locations using a photogrammetric control network with 958 points and 3910 image measurements. Least-squares bundle adjustment of the network yielded rms uncertainty of 0.50, 0.52, and 0.51 pixels in latitude, longitude, and radius, respectively, and maximum residuals of −4.21 and +3.20 pixels, respectively. Image-to-image alignment is therefore vastly improved. We have released these processed images as cloud-optimized GeoTIFFs in orthographic projection at the original pixel scale of each image. Associated mosaics have also been created and released to provide geologic context for the individual images. These products provide the science community with analysis-ready data that enable new investigations of Triton, increase accessibility to this unique data set, and continue to enhance the scientific return from the Voyager 2 mission.
A sum‐rate maximization for IRS‐aided broadcast SWIPT with time‐switching structure and nonlinear energy harvester
Authors: Son Pham Ngoc , Tuan Pham Viet , VU Van Hiep , Le Mai T. P. , Nguyen‐Duy‐Nhat Vien 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study evaluates the sum‐rate gain of the intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) in a broadcast simultaneous wireless information and power transfer network. Users are equipped with a time‐switching (TS) structure for an alternating information decoder and a nonlinear energy harvester. The sum‐rate maximization (SRM) problem is formulated subject to the constraints of the energy‐harvesting threshold required by users and limited transmission power at the base station (BS). To address the SRM problem, we jointly designed a broadcast beamforming precoding vector at the BS, reflective phase shifters at the IRS, and TS factors at the users. Subsequently, after certain manipulations, we propose efficient iterative algorithms that combine alternating optimization, successive convex approximation, semidefinite relaxation, and rank‐one penalty function methods to obtain a suboptimal solution. Finally, the numerical results show the promising sum‐rate gain of the proposed scheme compared with the conventional schemes.
Characterization of Lateralite: An Environment Friendly Chemical Additive for Soil Stabilization
Authors: Ogundalu Adewale , Obaji Ndubuisi , Ogunjimi Rebecca , Apata Akindele 
Published: May 2024

The objective of this paper is to determine the chemical composition of Lateralite stabilizer and to characterize Lateralite, stabilizer as a solution for improving the engineering properties of fined grained lateritic and clayey soil for road construction. Oxides and metallic compositions of Lateralite was determined by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, AAS, composition of chemical elements of Lateralite stabilizer was determined by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and a quantitative analysis by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) associated with Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The oxide composition of Lateralite as determined by AAS is: Calcium Oxide (63.89%), Silicon Oxide (18.31%), Aluminium Oxide (5.89%), Ferrous oxide (1.67%), Magnesium oxide (1.56%), Sulphur oxide (1.22%), Potassium oxide (0.78%), Sodium oxide (0.41%) and L.O.I 6.27%. The elemental composition analysis by XPS revealed ten (10) elements with Percentage Atomic Concentration, PAC, as: Oxygen (54.33%), Carbon (18.26%), Silicon (9.38%), Calcium (7.56%), Magnesium (4.08%), Aluminium (2.90%), Sodium (2.47%), Ferrous (0.44%), Sulphur (0.31%) and Nitrogen (0.27%) while SEM revealed eleven (11) elements: Oxygen (57.9%), Calcium (21.13%), Silicon (11.08%), Aluminium (4.23%), Ferrous (1.89%), Sulphur (1.07%), Magnesium (1.02%), Sodium (0.99%), Potassium (0.35%), Tin (0.18%) and Barium (0.17%). The three (3) characterization techniques used, (AAS, XPS and SEM) revealed the exchangeable cations in Lateralite are Calcium (7.56%), Magnesium (4.08%), Aluminium (2.90%) and Sodium (2.47%) which are in the ratio 3: 1.65:1.17:1, (Ca2+: Mg2+: Al3+ :Na+). This shows a high concentration and quantity of exchangeable calcium cations over other cations. This will enable the formation of Calcium compounds with very strong and stable inter-particle bonds and a stable Lateralite-stabilized soil mixture.
A ideia de compaixão no capítulo II do Bhagavad-Gita
Authors: Alexandre de Sousa Marcel Alcleante 
Published: May 2024

O Senhor Krsna ensina a seu discípulo Arjuna um caminho pertinente à ação em meio à batalha. O estudo desse discipulado contextualiza-se em meio à leitura do capítulo II do Bhagavad-Gita. Uma palavra chamou atenção no diálogo de Krsna com Arjuna, a saber, o termo “compaixão”. Arjuna estava tomado de compaixão. Dessa forma, através de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, caracterizada por uma revisão de textos em Open Access, estaremos nos aproximando desse termo na sabedoria vedanta. Para tanto estaremos fundamentado nossa apresentação em alguns upanisads. Reconhecendo, portanto, uma dificuldade para a realização da mesma, mas que o ocorrido é valioso ao significado do termo.
A persistência da geografia da fome no Brasil do século XXI
Authors: De Resenes Marcon Maria Teresinha 
Published: May 2024

Este artigo objetiva descrever o perfil da população brasileira que passa pela insegurança alimentar em diferentes gradações: leve, moderada e grave, tendo como base fundamental a releitura das obras de Josué de Castro e outros aportes bibliográficos que tratam da pobreza e das políticas sociais, bem como relatórios de pesquisadores de entidades públicas e não governamentais que produzem indicadores sociais e suas análises. A fome, como fenômeno social, tem suas raízes históricas fundadas nas desigualdades sociais advindas de uma sociedade excludente, concentradora de renda e riqueza. Estas desigualdades afloram nos indicadores de pobreza e de miséria, com a consequente insegurança alimentar que atingiu 58,7% dos brasileiros em 2021/2022, dos quais, 15,5% em situação de insegurança alimentar grave. A fome ainda persiste e tem seu mapa geográfico concentrado nas regiões Norte e Nordeste do país, principalmente nas suas áreas rurais e seu mapa humano retrata a fome com rosto de mulher: negra ou parda, chefe de família, mãe de filhos menores de idade, com baixa ou nenhuma escolaridade, alto grau de desocupação, trabalhadoras autônomas ou informais, com renda menor que meio salário mínimo, dependente dos programas sociais, que embora vivam em vários lugares deste Brasil, são principalmente nortistas e nordestinas e estão também nas favelas e periferias das cidades brasileiras.
Lactobacillus spp. na vanguarda: abordagem terapêutica não-medicamentosa no combate efetivo à Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Rodrigues da Silva Lucas , Torquati Adriane , Araujo Caroline , Mara Coelho Caxito Samyra , Brandão Fabiana 
Published: May 2024

Introdução: A resistência antimicrobiana representa um alarmante problema de saúde global, sendo o uso indiscriminado de antibióticos o principal contribuinte para esse cenário. Assim, a busca por terapias que contornem as resistências está entre os estudos contemporâneos mais necessários. Dentre os patógenos humanos com elevada resistência se destaca a bactéria gram-negativa Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Por outro lado, uma abordagem não medicamentosa promissora, os probióticos, um grupo de bactérias não patogênicas, quando presentes em proporções adequadas, resultam em efeitos benéficos ao hospedeiro. Dentre os probióticos o gênero Lactobacillus é o mais estudado, apresentam potencial efeito imunomodulador e antimicrobiano. Objetivo: Compilar as principais descobertas sobre o efeito de Lactobacillus spp. sobre o crescimento de patógenos. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática baseada na metodologia PRISMA, com critérios de exclusão e elegibilidade, abrangendo os últimos 8 anos. Um total de 21 artigos foram incluídos para análise. Resultados: Diferentes estudos mencionam o uso de probióticos com efeitos benéficos no hospedeiro e na homeostase da microbiota. Estudos recentes indicam que, além dos probióticos, os produtos desses micro-organismos, chamados de pós-bióticos, poderiam ser uma promissora abordagem terapêutica para controlar o crescimento e/ou a colonização por P. aeruginosa. Conclusão: Os probióticos e seus produtos embora se apresentem como seguros para uso em humanos, parecem ter seus efeitos benéficos espécie-específicos, particularmente no tocante ao controle de crescimento e/ou colonização por P. aeruginosa. Probióticos e pós-bióticos poderiam ser empregados como complementos às abordagens clínicas para o combate de infecções bacterianas, especialmente da espécie P. aeruginosa.
Socio-Economic Causes of Smuggling in Pakistan: An Empirical Analysis
Authors: Hayat Munawar , Waleed Muhammad 
Published: May 2024

This research aims to investigate the economic drivers of smuggling in Pakistan. For this objective, data from 300 respondents were gathered from places where smuggling occurs in Pakistan. The binary logistic approach is utilized to evaluate the socioeconomic determinants of smuggling. Results infer that the age of the respondent, people living in rural areas, the employed status of the household, education level, the value of assets, earnings, and livestock ownership are the factor that reduces the participation of the people in smuggling activities. Conversely, married households, household size, and monthly expenditure are increasing smuggling activities in the study area.
Providing Guidance and Counseling Services in Time of Covid-19 Pandemic: Lived Experiences of Guidance Designates
Authors: Salvador Normie , Singson Deborah Natalia , Madrigal Dennis , Bual Joel 
Published: May 2024

The pandemic era has directed a new facade of education from traditional to a more conducive system of virtual and modular schemes. The Guidance Designates are equally tasked to play a crucial part in this abrupt transition as the teachers. They, too, are directed to maintain relationships on top of the delivery of guidance and counseling services at the height of the COVID-19 pandemic to meet the needs of students and families and let the education roll. This descriptive phenomenological study was conducted to explore the lived experiences of public junior high school guidance designates in the delivery of guidance and counseling services during the pandemic. The participants of this study were five guidance designates in public junior high schools identified using purposive sampling who took part in the unstructured in-depth interview. The study revealed that guidance designates faced issues, struggles, and sentiments in the delivery of guidance services during the time of pandemic. They utilized various alternatives for the delivery of appropriate services to clients despite unreachable ones. Despite their feelings of boredom and loneliness, they found meaning in their chosen profession by becoming grateful for the designation, and their commitment to serving the clients ignited the passion to go on despite the odds. Their enjoyment with colleagues acts as their strong social support during the crucial times of the pandemic. Thus, these experiences honed them to be shade shifters that remained resilient and flexible in the delivery of guidance and counseling services in the pandemic era.
Relação entre Herpes Zoster e a vacina da covid-19
Authors: Barone Beatriz Vieira , Silva Victoria Toledo Oliva Ferreira 
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: avaliar se há evidente relação entre a Herpes Zoster e a vacinação da COVID-19. Materiais e Métodos: o estudo trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura. A pergunta definida para investigação foi: Qual a relação entre a reativação da Herpes Zoster e os indivíduos vacinados contra a Covid-19?. As buscas científicas ocorreram por meio das bases de dados PubMed e MedLine a partir dos descritores “Varicella Zoster” e “COVID-19 vaccines” unidos pelo operador boleando AND. Selecionou-se artigos em texto completo publicados em 2021-2022 que abordavam a temática e a amostra final, após aplicação dos critérios de seleção, foi composta por oito trabalhos. Resultados: 75% dos artigos foram publicados em 2022, dois artigos de abrangêcia global e seis nacionais. A população estudada foi aquela que desenvolveu Herpes Zoster após pelo menos uma dose da vacina. Conclusão: Há possibilidade que exista relação entre a vacinação e reativação viral. Embora tenha-se identificado diferenças estatísticas relevantes sobre a frequência de acometimento dos vacinados e não vacinados, a quantidade de estudos que afirma a casuística é considerável.
Benefícios das terapias alternativas no tratamento da depressão pós-parto
Authors: Silva Ana Lídia Santos , Botelho Lívia Carvalho Murta 
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: analisar os benefícios das terapias alternativas no tratamento da depressão pós-parto. Materiais e Métodos: realizou-se uma busca nas bases de dados PubMed, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO). Foram utilizados os descritores “alternative therapies” “post partum depression” a partir de uma estratégia de busca avançada com auxílio do operador booleano “AND”. Foram encontrados 202 estudos na PubMed, 47 estudos na BVS e nenhum documento foi encontrado na base de dados do SciELO. Foram incluídos estudos em português, inglês e espanhol, artigos publicados nos últimos 10 anos. Excluíram-se os artigos de revisão de literatura, revisão sistemática e meta-análise, guia de prática clínica, dissertações e teses. Resultados: notou-se melhora dos sintomas depressivos, acompanhado de melhora no sono, progressão da recuperação dos sintomas mais rapidamente, aumento da sociabilidade e qualidade de vida, de acordo com a terapia alternativa aplicada e com o comprometimento com o tratamento. Conclusão: os benefícios consistem na possibilidade de redução dos escores de depressão da puérpera de maneira eficaz e mais rápida, na possibilidade da melhora da estabilidade do humor e da redução dos efeitos físicos e da ineficiência do sono.
Incidental Finding of Deranged Renal Function in Elderly Patients Presenting with Fractures in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Shabana Abbas  , Mehnaz Khattak  , Sanober Hameed  , Nouman Maqbool  , Sami Saeed  , Numan Majeed  
Published: May 2024

Objective: To determine the incidental rate of renal impairment among elderly women with fractures who reported to the Orthopaedic OPD at a tertiary care Hospital.
Methodology: This prospective cohort study was done at Orthopaedic department and OPD Fauji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi during a period of one year from March 2022 to February 2023. A total of 147 females aged >60 years presented with Hip fractures, surgically managed and who had history of normal pre-fracture renal function were included. A 5ml blood sample was obtained and sent to the Hospital diagnostic laboratory to evaluate the renal profile, serum calcium and vitamin D levels. All the information was recorded via pre-structured study proforma.
Results: The study enrolled 147 elderly participants with an average age of 66.82 years. Among the participants, 24 patients (16.3%) experienced Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), with 9.5% having stage-I AKI, 4.8% with stage II AKI, and 2.0% with stage III AKI. Before sustaining the hip fracture, the mean serum creatinine level was 67.04 µmol/L, and following the fracture, it increased to 81.95 µmol/L (p-value < 0.0001). The severity of AKI did not exhibit a statistically significant correlation with the age of the patients. However, there was a statistically significant increase in serum creatinine levels among patients based on the duration of their fractures (p-value < 0.001).
Conclusion: The incidence of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in elderly patients following hip fractures was found to be 16.3%, with varying stages of severity.
Episodic forgiveness in young American adults and its pathways to distress by health, outlook, spirituality, aggression, and social support
Authors: Skalski-Bednarz Sebastian Binyamin , Toussaint Loren L. , Konaszewski Karol , Surzykiewicz Janusz 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundForgiveness is one form of emotion-focused coping, and the positive effects of such a practice on mental well-being have been confirmed by numerous meta-analyses. The biopsychosocial model assumes that feeling burdened is determined by a number of physical, psychological, and social factors, suggesting a multidimensional relationship between forgiveness and distress. In this study, we tested a model according to which various sociopsychological variables (i.e., health, outlook, spirituality, aggression, and social support) mediate the negative association between episodic forgiveness (also known as state forgiveness) and distress.Participants and procedureWe tested the model on a cross-sectional sample of 436 young adults from the United States (62% of whom were women) using structural equation modelling (SEM).ResultsThe results of the overall model supported our indirect effects hypotheses. An analysis of specific indirect effects revealed that variables such as health, a negative outlook, aggressiveness, and social support play a special role in adaptation to stressful life events in forgiving individuals.ConclusionsThe relationship between episodic forgiveness and distress can be explained through complex sociopsychological mechanisms, including feelings of health, outlook, or social support, and attitudes, experiences, and behaviours related to these mechanisms can influence each other and collectively contribute to preventing or reducing perceived burden in young American adults.
La inteligencia artificial y el aprendizaje en los estudiantes de 1, 2 y 3 año de bachillerato general de la Unidad Educativa María Luisa Luque de Sotomayor
Authors: Bustillos Castillo David Alberto , Alvarado Calle Eddy Josué , Yagual Lázaro Gary 
Published: May 2024

En el presente artículo se aborda la importancia de inteligencia artificial (IA) como tecnología que permite que las máquinas imiten la inteligencia humana para realizar tareas y tomar decisiones y su impacto en la escuela. Se hace necesario instrumentar los beneficios de estas herramientas en la educación, sus procesos y sub-procesos, por cuanto apoya y mejora el aprendizaje de los estudiantes en porcientos significativos, aspecto reconocido en el mundo hoy. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar cómo la IA impacta el aprendizaje de alumnos de 1, 2 y 3 año de bachillerato general en la escuela María Luisa Luque de Sotimayor. La metodología aplicada al estudio es mixta, pues integra lo cuantitativo y lo cualitativo. Se empleó, además, el procedimiento de la estadística descriptiva que permite categorizar las escalas ordinales asociadas a escalas de intervalos. Como resultado se obtuvo que la muestra de maestros seleccionada posee un conocimiento medio de la temática en cuestión, por lo que se recomienda la capacitación de los maestros en términos de este tipo de aprendizaje adaptativo permite un rápido progreso y mejor retención de conocimientos. La realimentación automática para tareas y actividades, así como los sistemas de evaluación automatizados permiten calificar tareas de alumnos y brindar retroalimentación personalizada sobre cómo mejorar, lo que reduce para los maestros la carga de calificar, permitiendo más tiempo para enseñar a mejorar la comunicación, la resolución de problemas y el pensamiento crítico.