bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of bulge cells in wound healing: possible implications for hidradenitis suppurativa
Authors: Ito M. , Liu Y. , Yang Z. , Nguyen J. , Morris R. , Liang F. , Cotsarelis G. 
Published: August 2010

The hair follicle bulge harbors a cluster of quiescent epithelial stem cells, which generate the new lower hair follicle during follicle cycling. The role of bulge cells for maintenance of the hair follicle and epidermis during normal homeostasis and after wounding remains controversial. To address these questions, we targeted the suicide gene, thymidine kinase (TK), or CrePR recombinase to hair follicle bulge cells using a K15 promoter. Administration of ganciclovir to K15‐TK mice caused their death due to gastrointestinal injury. We then treated immunodeficient mice carrying K15‐TK skin grafts with ganciclovir. This resulted in injury of bulge cells within several days. Loss of hair and permanent injury to hair follicles ensued. Dermal scarring was also present. The epidermis without follicles survived for several months.To further assess the contribution of bulge cells to epidermis, we used double transgenic K15‐crePR1, R26R mice. After 5 days of treatment with RU‐486 (time 0), bulge cells and a small fraction of epidermal cells expressed LacZ under control of the ROSA promoter. To determine whether bulge cells moved into the epidermis under normal homeostatic conditions, we counted labeled epidermal basal cells at times 0, 30 days, and 180 days. We found that the percentage of labeled epidermal basal cells (approximately 1%) remained constant, indicating an absence of cell movement from the bulge to the epidermis. After punch wounding, bulge progeny were detected in a radial pattern in the re‐epithelialized area. Radial streaks of bulge cell progeny emanated from the hair follicles at the wound edge. Bulge cell progeny proliferated and expressed normal epidermal differentiation markers such as keratin 10 and loricrin.Overall, these results indicate that follicular stem cells in the bulge are necessary for hair follicle survival and that these cells functionally contribute to epidermal regeneration in response to wounding; however, the epidermis self‐renews autonomously of the bulge under normal conditions.The role of bulge cells in hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is not known; however, pathological studies suggest aberrant proliferation of the hair follicle may accompany HS and inappropriate stem cell activation and differentiation could be a component of this disorder. The K15‐crePR1 transgenic mouse will serve as a powerful tool for evaluating the role of hair follicle stem cells in mouse models of HS. Studying hair follicle stem cells with recently defined markers for these cells will be useful for evaluating stem cell behavior in HS lesions.
Surgical treatment options for hidradenitis suppurativa and critical review of own experience
Authors: Marsch Wolfgang Christian 
Published: August 2010

HS (acne inversa) is a chronic, progressive, initially inflammatory, ultimately a fistulating and scarring disease affecting apocrine gland‐bearing skin areas. Late phases afford a broad surgical removal of affected skin areas including subcutaneous fatty tissue, with secondary mesh grafting after a period of granulation tissue formation. Fifty‐three patients have been treated surgically at our Dermatology Department. Long‐term results are excellent concerning satisfaction of the patients and functional objectives. Local recurrences or development of new lesions in formerly unaffected areas were noticed only in some patients who did not stop smoking.Patient details were as follows: gender distribution: male (M) 20 (38%), female (F) 33 (62%), age: M 19–62 (average 40.7), F 15–56 (average 35.4), onset: M 16–57 (32.2), F 8–50 (25.5), duration: 3 months to 37 years (8.0), F 6 months to 37 years (9.9). Sites mainly affected: axillary and perigenital. Specific regions for men: perineum and rima ani, for women: inguinal, submammary and abdominal. Multiple anatomical regions involved: men 40%, women 91%. Familiarity 0.4%. Associated acne papulo‐pustulosa or nodulo‐cystica (=conglobata): 19%. Cigarette smokers: men 100%, women 67%.Excised material from each operation was carefully examined histologically. The results endorse the concept of ‘acne inversa’ by recognizing a perifollicular accumulation of lymphocytes simultaneously at different infrainfundibula of terminal hair follicles. However, a follicular hyperkeratosis seems secondary to this, follicular perforation, and a combination of sinus, abscess and scar formation are most obviously tertiary events. Therefore, HS seems to be an inflammatory, probably an immunological disease with an initially strictly dermal target, even followed by an intradermal horizontal propagation. Laser flux imaging could visualize the subclinical peripheral extension of the basically dermal perifollicular inflammation. Biologics may have a beneficial effect on these early or perpetuating inflammatory events; however, thus far surgery remains the first‐line therapy in late phases of the disease.
Expression of wild‐type, but not mutant, loricrin causes programmed cell death in HaCaT keratinocytes
Authors: YONEDA Kozo , DEMITSU Toshio , MANABE Motomu , IGARASHI Junsuke , KOSAKA Hiroaki , INAGAKI Nobuya , TAKAHASHI Hidetoshi , KON Atsushi , KAKURAI Maki , KUBOTA Yasuo 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe epidermal cornified cell envelope is a complex protein–lipid composite that replaces the plasma membrane of corneocytes and is crucial for epidermal barrier function. Loricrin is a major constituent of the epidermal cornified cell envelope, contributing approximately 70% by mass. In order to explore novel function of wild‐type (WT) loricrin other than the major component of the epidermal cornified cell envelope, we transiently expressed construct encoding human WT and mutant loricrin (730insG) in HaCaT keratinocytes. HaCaT cells transfected with WT or mutant loricrin were at differentiation level. WT loricrin in the transfected cells was seen diffusely in the cytoplasm and nuclei. Positive transferase deoxytidyl uridine end labeling staining was observed in the nuclei of WT loricrin‐transfected HaCaT keratinocytes. Data from the DNA fragmentation assay showed that only WT loricrin induced DNA ladders compared with that of mutant loricrin. WT loricrin‐transfected HaCaT keratinocytes were susceptible to programmed cell death (PCD). Activation of caspase‐14 was also seen. In contrast, PCD or activation of caspase‐14 did not occur in mutant loricrin‐transfected HaCaT cells. These results suggest that the expression of WT loricrin facilitates induction of PCD in HaCaT keratinocytes.
Novel Brugada syndrome‐causing mutation in ion‐conducting pore of cardiac Na+ channel does not affect ion selectivity properties
Authors: Amin A. S. , Verkerk A. O. , Bhuiyan Z. A. , Wilde A. A. M. , Tan H. L. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAim:  Brugada syndrome is an inherited cardiac disease with an increased risk of sudden cardiac death. Thus far Brugada syndrome has been linked only to mutations in SCN5A, the gene encoding the α‐subunit of cardiac Na+ channel. In this study, a novel SCN5A gene mutation (D1714G) is reported, which has been found in a 57‐year‐old male patient. Since the mutation is located in a segment of the ion‐conducting pore of the cardiac Na+ channel, which putatively determines ion selectivity, it may affect ion selectivity properties.Methods:  HEK‐293 cells were transfected with wild‐type (WT) or D1714G α‐subunit and β‐subunit cDNA. Whole‐cell configuration of the patch‐clamp technique was used to study biophysical properties at room temperature (21 °C) and physiological temperature (36 °C). This study represents the first measurements of human Na+ channel kinetics at 36 °C. Ion selectivity, current density, and gating properties of WT and D1714G channel were studied.Results:  D1714G channel yielded nearly 80% reduction of Na+ current density at 21 and 36 °C. At both temperatures, no significant changes were observed in V1/2 values and slope factors for voltage‐dependent activation and inactivation. At 36 °C, but not at 21 °C, D1714G channel exhibited more slow inactivation compared with WT channel. Ion selectivity properties were not affected by the mutation at both temperatures, as assessed by either current or permeability ratio.Conclusion:  This study shows no changes in ion selectivity properties of D1714G channel. However, the profoundly decreased current density associated with the D1714G mutation may explain the Brugada syndrome phenotype in our patient.
Escherichia coliderived factors modulate human granulosa cell steroidogenesis
Authors: Reinsberg J. , Christoffel S. , Kumar A. , van der Ven H. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAim: In order to identify bacterial compounds which directly affect granulosa cell steroidogenesis, the effect of culture‐supernatants and extracts fromEscherichia coliwere tested in anin vitrogranulosa cell culture model.Methods: Samples were drawn from the culture‐supernatant ofE. coliATCC25922 cultured in Luria‐broth medium. Bacterial extract was prepared by incubation of freshly harvested bacteria in buffer. The bacterial culture‐supernatants and extracts were added to human granulosa cells in culture. The granulosa cells collected from the follicular aspirates from women undergoingin‐vitrofertilization were cultured for 17–53 h and progesterone or oestradiol was assayed in the spent culture medium.Results: TheE. coliculture‐supernatant stimulated the basal granulosa cell progesterone production demonstrating its maximum activity reached after 200–240 min of bacterial growth. The heat denaturated bacterial extract as well as its low‐molecular‐weight fraction (<10 kDa) stimulated both the basal and the hCG‐stimulated progesterone production; the oestradiol production was slightly inhibited. Stimulation of progesterone production was time dependent increasing from 125 ± 18% of control within the first 3 h to 205 ± 35% within 17–53 h. The high‐molecular‐weight fraction (>30 kDa) of the bacterial extract inhibited progesterone production. The inhibitory activity was significantly diminished by heat denaturation.Conclusions: The present study demonstrates the existence of various compounds which are secreted byE. coliand could also be extracted out ofE. colibacteria. These bacterial compounds modulate ovarian steroidogenesis. Further studies are needed to clarify how far these compounds contribute to menstrual disturbance observed in chronic pelvic inflammation.
A single bout of exercise is followed by a prolonged decrease in the interstitial glucose concentration in skeletal muscle
Authors: Henriksson J. , Knol M. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAim:  The present study was performed to test the hypothesis that the interstitial glucose concentration in human skeletal muscle is decreased for a prolonged period following a single bout of exercise, while blood flow has returned to resting levels.Methods:  Muscle interstitial concentrations of glucose, lactate, pyruvate and urea were monitored in six healthy individuals during 8 h following a 2‐h one‐leg exercise session by microdialysis at low perfusion flow rate. Simultaneously the blood flow was measured by the microdialysis ethanol technique.Results:  The blood glucose and the control leg interstitial glucose concentrations were stable during the experiment averaging 5.7 ± 0.1 and 4.1 ± 0.3 mm, respectively. In contrast, the interstitial glucose concentration in the exercise leg was markedly decreased, averaging 1.9 ± 0.5 mm, during the first 5.5 h following exercise (P < 0.01), after which it returned towards normal values. Muscle blood flow at the site of the microdialysis catheter, measured as the ethanol outflow‐to‐inflow ratio, did not change significantly over time in the control or exercise leg and did not differ significantly between the two legs. Interstitial concentrations of lactate, pyruvate and urea were not significantly different between the control and exercise leg.Conclusion:  The study shows that the interstitial glucose concentration in skeletal muscle is markedly decreased for several hours following a single exercise session. The decreased interstitial glucose concentration may serve to limit the rate of post‐exercise muscle glucose uptake to a rate compatible with normal blood glucose levels and may also be speculated to have a positive long‐term health implication by augmenting muscle insulin sensitivity.
Methotrexate in paediatric ulcerative colitis: a retrospective survey at a single tertiary referral centre
Authors: Aloi M. , Di Nardo G. , Conte F. , Mazzeo L. , Cavallari N. , Nuti F. , Cucchiara S. , Stronati L. 
Published: August 2010

Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2010; 32: 1017–1022SummaryBackground  Patients with ulcerative colitis often receive thiopurines as immunomodulators (IMs) to maintain remission and avoid corticosteroids. If unresponsive or intolerant to these agents, patients are treated with methotrexate, an antimetabolite never assessed in paediatric ulcerative colitis.Aim  To describe the experience with methotrexate in children with ulcerative colitis.Methods  Thirty‐two patients (median age 13.9 years) received methotrexate. Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis Activity Index (PUCAI) and use of corticosteroids were the main outcomes evaluated at baseline and at 3, 6 and 12 months.Results  Indications to methotrexate were azathioprine unresponsiveness in 18 patients, azathioprine intolerance/toxicity in 10 and spondyloarthropathy in four. Response or remission was achieved in 72%, 63% and 50% of patients at 3, 6 and 12 months respectively. Mean PUCAI were 49.5 ± 23.3 at baseline and 32.9 ± 21.9, 29.5 ± 21.8 and 29.4 ± 19.9 at 3, 6 and 12 months respectively (P: 0.03). At the beginning of methotrexate, 16 patients (50%) received corticosteroids that were discontinued in 13 of them (81%) by 6 months. At the end of the study, 11 patients (33%) needed short courses of corticosteroids for disease relapse.Conclusions  Methotrexate may be useful in treating children with ulcerative colitis, although large, controlled trials are warranted to define better its effectiveness.
Clinical trial: colectomy after rescue therapy in ulcerative colitis – 3‐year follow‐up of the Swedish‐Danish controlled infliximab study
Authors: Gustavsson A. , Järnerot G. , Hertervig E. , Friis‐Liby I. , Blomquist L. , Karlén P. , Grännö C. , Vilien M. , Ström M. , Verbaan H. , Hellström P. M. , Magnuson A. , Halfvarson J. , Tysk C. 
Published: August 2010

Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2010; 32: 984–989SummaryBackground  The long‐term efficacy of infliximab as rescue therapy in steroid‐refractory ulcerative colitis is not well described.Aim  To examine the long‐term efficacy of infliximab as a rescue therapy through a 3‐year follow‐up of a previous placebo‐controlled trial of infliximab in acute steroid‐refractory ulcerative colitis.Method  In the original study, 45 patients were randomized to a single infusion of infliximab 5 mg/kg or placebo, and at 3 months, 7/24 patients given infliximab were operated vs. 14/21 patients given placebo. Three years or later, patients were asked to participate in a clinical follow‐up.Results  Another seven patients underwent colectomy during follow‐up: five in the infliximab group and two in the placebo group. After 3 years, a total of 12/24 (50%) patients given infliximab and 16/21 (76%) given placebo (P = 0.012) had a colectomy. None of eight patients in endoscopic remission at 3 months later had a colectomy compared with 7/14 (50%) patients who were not in remission (P = 0.02). There was no mortality.Conclusion  The benefit of rescue therapy with infliximab in steroid‐refractory acute ulcerative colitis remained after 3 years. The main advantage of infliximab treatment occurred during the first 3 months, whereas subsequent colectomy rates were similar in the two groups. Mucosal healing at 3 months influenced later risk of colectomy.
Risk of colorectal adenomas in patients with coeliac disease
Authors: Lebwohl B. , Stavsky E. , Neugut A. I. , Green P. H. R. 
Published: August 2010

Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2010; 32: 1037–1043SummaryBackground  Coeliac disease is associated with an increased risk of lymphoma and small bowel malignancy, but most studies have found no increased risk of colorectal cancer.Aim  To compare the prevalence of colorectal adenomas in coeliac disease patients with that in non‐coeliac disease controls.Methods  We identified all coeliac disease patients who underwent colonoscopy at our institution during a 44‐month period. We matched each patient with non‐coeliac disease controls by age, gender and endoscopist. We compared the adenoma prevalence between these groups, and used multivariate analysis to assess the independent association of coeliac disease with adenomas.Results  We identified 180 patients with coeliac disease and 346 controls. At least one adenoma was present in 13% of coeliac disease patients and 17% of controls (P = 0.20). On multivariate analysis, age (OR per year 1.04, 95% CI 1.02–1.07) and male gender (OR 2.33, 95% CI 1.36–3.98) were associated with adenomas, while the relationship between coeliac disease and adenomas remained null (OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.41–1.34).Conclusions  Coeliac disease is not associated with an increased risk of colorectal neoplasia. The lack of increased risk of colorectal cancer observed in population studies is related to a true average risk of colorectal neoplasia, rather than artifactually reflecting increased colonoscopy and associated polypectomies in the coeliac population.
Sexual and reproductive traits ofHypania invalida(Polychaeta, Ampharetidae): a remarkable invasive species in Central European waterways
Authors: NORF HELGE , KNIGGENDORF LEIF G. , FISCHER ALBRECHT , ARNDT HARTMUT , KURECK ARMIN 
Published: August 2010

Summary1. The Ponto‐Caspian polychaeteHypania invalida(Archiv für Naturgeschichte, 1860, 26, 109) is undergoing rapid range expansion in the Rhine and other central European waterways. We examined its reproductive traits in an attempt to account for its remarkable invasive success.2. For the first time in this species, we found males, dioecy (gonochorism) and an exclusively sexual mode of reproduction; no indication for hermaphroditism or (unisexual) parthenogenesis, that could explain the rapid range expansion ofH. invalida,was found.3. Our experimental evidence shows thatH. invalidareproduces by males discharging their sperm into the water column while eggs are retained and fertilised in the female dwelling tubes. This mode of ‘spermcast’ reproduction is common in sessile benthic animals on wave‐washed shores.4. Fecundity ofH. invalidaranged between 60 and 260 eggs per clutch and is increased by iteroparity (i.e. multiple cycles of oogenesis and egg‐laying per specimen). Offspring are brooded for about 2 weeks before they leave the maternal dwelling tubes and disperse in the water column.5. After connection to a supply of Rhine water, sediments in flumes were rapidly colonised up to a density of 12 000 ind. m−2via the settlement of small larvae (<300 μm) from the water column; these reached sexual maturity approximately 12 weeks after settlement.6. The reproductive traits ofH. invalidagive the species a high rate of dispersal. The capacity of its larvae to survive passage through pumps before settlement enables them to travel in the ballast water of ships. This might explain the upstream expansion ofH. invalidain rivers. We conclude that further range expansion, and especially intercontinental transport of this polychaete, can only be prevented by improved ballast water treatment.
Equilibrium moisture contents of air dried beef. Dependence on drying temperature
Authors: IGLESIAS HÉCTOR A. , CHIRIFE JORGE 
Published: August 2010

SummaryThe water adsorption isotherms at 30°C of precooked beef previously dried at three different temperature: 30°C, 55°C and 70°C, respectively, were determined. It was found that the higher the drying temperature the lower is the sorption capacity of dried beef. A B.E.T. analysis of the isotherms demonstrated that the quantity of water contained in the monolayer is affected by the temperature of drying. he adsorption and desorption isotherms at 50°C were also determined; no hysteresis was found. A multilayer adsorption equation is used to describe adequately the water sorption behaviour of cooked beef in the rante of water activities studied
Thermal inactivation of Salmonella spp. in ground chicken breast or thigh meat
Authors: Juneja Vijay K. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryThermal inactivation of a four‐strain mixture of Salmonella spp. was determined in chicken breast and thigh meat. Inoculated meat was packaged in bags and then completely immersed in a circulating water bath and held at 55, 57.5, 60 and 62.5 °C for pre‐determined lengths of time. When the surviving bacteria were enumerated on tryptic soya agar supplemented with 0.6% yeast extract and 1% pyruvate (non‐selective medium), D‐values (time to inactivate 90% of bacteria) in chicken breast meat were 6.08, 4.77, 3.00 and 0.66 min at 55, 57.5, 60 and 62.5 °C, respectively; the values in thigh meat ranged from 11.48 min at 55 °C to 0.84 min at 62.5 °C. As expected, the measured heat resistance was lower when the recovery medium was selective (xylose lysine deoxycholate agar). Thermal death time values from this study will assist food processors in designing the HACCP plans to effectively eliminate Salmonella spp. in cooked chicken breast and thigh meat.
Content of some antinutritional factors in bean cultivars frequently consumed in Brazil
Authors: Almeida Deusdélia T. , Greiner Ralf , Furtunado Dalva M. N. , Trigueiro Ivaldo N. S. , Araújo Maria da Purificação N. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryProtein content and content of some antinutrients were determined in four Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp and three Vicia faba cultivars frequently consumed in Brazil. The V. faba cultivars showed higher protein contents [26.8%–27.2% (w/w)] than the V. unguiculata cultivars [20.5%–22.5% (w/w)]. The difference was, however, not statistically significant (P ≥ 0.05). Compared with the V. unguiculata cultivars, the V. faba cultivars exhibited a significantly higher content of all antinutritional factors analysed. In V. faba, condensed tannins ranged from 1.95 to 2.87 g eq. catechin (CE) kg−1, polyphenols from 4.81 to 7.21 g kg−1, phytate from 12.7 to 14.3 mmol kg−1, trypsin inhibitor activity from 4.12–4.38 TIU mg−1 and haemagglutinating activity from 51.3 to 57.2 HU kg−1; whereas in V. unguiculata, the corresponding values were determined to be 0.97–1.81 g eq. CE kg−1 for condensed tannins, 5.87–6.62 g kg−1 for polyphenols, 8.7–12.6 mmol kg−1 for phytate, 3.09–3.56 TIU mg−1 for trypsin inhibitor activity and 0.5–0.6 HU kg−1 for haemagglutinating activity.
Camellia sinensistea melanin suppresses transformation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and prevents against dioxin‐induced toxicity in mice
Authors: Hung Yao‐Ching , Steven Huang Guewha , Sava Vasyl M. , Makan Svetlana Y. , Hong Meng‐Yen 
Published: August 2010

SummaryThe suppressive effects ofCamellia sinensistea melanin (CSTM) on transformation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) induced by 2,3,7,8‐tetrachlorodibenzo‐p‐dioxin (TCDD) were disclosed for the first time. CSTM strongly inhibited TCDD‐induced toxicity with IC50equalling 20.4 μg mL−1. Daily administration of CSTM (40 mg kg−1, p.o.) prevented TCDD‐induced body weight loss, ameliorated TCDD‐induced mortality and prevented TCDD‐induced hepatomegaly and thymic atrophy. Co‐administration of CSTM significantly inhibited TCDD‐induced hepatic CYP1 A1 activity. CSTM retarded transformation of AhRin vitro. In animals treated with CSTM, the antibody‐secreting cells produced significantly (P < 0.05) more antibodies (32–34%) than the antigen control. Administration of TCDD caused a suppression of antibody‐forming cells of 29–33% against the antigen control level. Co‐administration of CSTM restored immunity to the control level. We demonstrated that CSTM directly competed with TCDD during the transformation of AhR and suppressed the downstream activation of genes associated with TCDD toxicity.