bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Free Will as Defined by the Constrained Disorder Principle: a Restricted, Mandatory, Personalized, Regulated Process for Decision-Making
Authors: Ilan Yaron 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe concept of free will has challenged physicists, biologists, philosophers, and other professionals for decades. The constrained disorder principle (CDP) is a fundamental law that defines systems according to their inherent variability. It provides mechanisms for adapting to dynamic environments. This work examines the CDP's perspective of free will concerning various free will theories. Per the CDP, systems lack intentions, and the "freedom" to select and act is built into their design. The "freedom" is embedded within the response range determined by the boundaries of the systems' variability. This built-in and self-generating mechanism enables systems to cope with perturbations. According to the CDP, neither dualism nor an unknown metaphysical apparatus dictates choices. Brain variability facilitates cognitive adaptation to complex, unpredictable situations across various environments. Human behaviors and decisions reflect an underlying physical variability in the brain and other organs for dealing with unpredictable noises. Choices are not predetermined but reflect the ongoing adaptation processes to dynamic prssu½res. Malfunctions and disease states are characterized by inappropriate variability, reflecting an inability to respond adequately to perturbations. Incorporating CDP-based interventions can overcome malfunctions and disease states and improve decision processes. CDP-based second-generation artificial intelligence platforms improve interventions and are being evaluated to augment personal development, wellness, and health.
Umwelt Theory, Biosemiotics and Damage Limitation
Authors: Pickering John 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPhenomenology, particularly as developed by Merleau-Ponty, primarily concerns how human beings perceive and act towards the world they encounter, their lifeworld. Umwelt theory, by contrast, primarily concerns the animal lifeworld, which is also the concern of Biosemiotics. Exploring the overlap between the two disciplines requires a fuller understanding of how human perception has evolved to become so very different from that of animals. This article will try to provide that and show how that may help to address the ecological crisis surrounding us. Human beings now develop and live in in a world where most of what they encounter are cultural artefacts. In fact, as Simondon suggests, human beings and technological objects are co-evolving. This has brought about radical changes in the way we relate to the natural world. But these are not necessarily changes for the better. Indeed, McGilchrist claims that the last thousand years or so of cultural evolution has profoundly impaired how human beings attend to the world. This paper will suggest that this impairment has contributed to the ecological crisis we now face, and that to help meet it both Biosemiotics and Umwelt theory should take more account of the revival of interest in panpsychism as seen in the work of Goff and others.
Dynamic flow analysis and crowd management for transfer stations: a case study of Suzhou Metro
Authors: Zhang Jun , Ai Qiannan , Ye Yuling , Deng Shejun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTransfer stations are important nodes in the metro network, and it is of great significance to study the coordinated organization scheme between passenger demand and facility configuration, in order to improve the transportation efficiency. Taking the Dongfangzhimen station of the Suzhou Metro as the research object, this paper starts by analyzing the configuration of service-oriented facilities, and then dissects the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics and individual behavior characteristics of passengers via data processing, where a meticulous analysis has been carried out based on the automatic fare collection data and the field investigation data. On this basis, we have discussed the performance and bottlenecks under the current facility configuration and flow organization scheme, constructed the simulation scene of a representative peak hour in holidays using AnyLogic, and put forward a volume-based path organization scheme considering the coordination with flow demand, as well as a plan of multi-stage crowd management. As evidenced by the results, the improved scheme exhibits a higher adaptability to passenger flow and a greater balance among facility utilization, where the maximum queue length, the average time consumption and the average standing density have been reduced by 31%, 14% and 6%, respectively. The proposed methods of data analysis, flow organization and strategy decision are reliable and applicable to the management of metro transfer stations.
Delving into the time dependent properties of thorium laser induced plasma by optical emission spectroscopy
Authors: Banerjee Anannya , Mohan Anandhu , Sarkar Arnab 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLaser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) presents a promising avenue for both qualitative and quantitative analysis. This technique utilizes emission spectral study from laser-induced plasma (LIP) generated due to ablation of samples from surfaces. From the point of view of understanding plasma physics, this study delves into the parametric analysis of Laser-induced plasma of Thorium, which is a key element in India’s pioneering three stage power program. Following optimization of experimental parameters like acquisition delay and number of laser shots, key plasma parameters such as Temperature and Electron density of the plasma were computed. For description of LIP, ‘Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium’ (LTE) model is widely used. The model’s validity was meticulously scrutinized in entire temporal region of analysis. Furthermore, investigations into the impact of laser parameters like irradiance, revealed changes in magnitude of plasma parameters along with their evolution pattern and it was concluded that the temporal holding region of LTE strongly depends upon the laser parameters. Next, temporal evolution study of the peak broadening within the plasma revealed the importance of optimization of the experimental parameters, and differences between the decay trends of ionic and atomic lines were clarified. In addition, experiments were carried out exploring the influence of different ambient atmospheres (Air, He, and Ar) on spectral intensity and plasma lifetime, both of which were found to have the order Ar > Air > He. This provided crucial insights into the plasma-atmosphere interaction, which was also manifested by the different rates of decay trend of plasma parameters. In summary, this complete study offers a valuable tool for diagnosing the plasma properties of complex sample matrices like Thorium, thereby advancing our understanding of LIBS applications a step forward.
Methods and Environmental Conditions Typical of Nature-Based Mindfulness Practice: A Scoping Review
Authors: Burger Teneal , Potgieter Johan C. , Nell Werner 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Objectives
this scoping review aimed to explore the diversity of existing nature-based mindfulness (NBM) interventions. The specific objectives of this review were to (1) describe the practices and methods that are used in NBM interventions, and to (2) determine the environmental conditions that are typically associated with NBM interventions.

Method
Thirty peer-reviewed scientific studies were identified via a systematic PRISMA search protocol and then thematically analysed and categorically organised.

Results
In relation to the first research objective, a typological scheme for classifying NBM interventions was proposed in which four main categorizations of NBM interventions were identified, including (1) conventional practices combined with nature, (2) activity-based practices using nature, (3) NBM therapy practices, and (4) emerging practices. These themes demonstrate the diversity of existing NBM interventions and provide a more integrated understanding of the applicability of these interventions across different clinical and non-clinical contexts. In relation to the second research objective, existing NBM interventions were found to be conducted in (1) naturally occurring, (2) curated natural, and (3) simulated natural environments. Within these categories, a diverse range of restorative environments were identified as suitable contexts for NBM interventions, with forest-based interventions being the most commonly used environment.

Conclusions
Overall, this study contributes to a more integrated understanding of the practices, methods, and environmental conditions typical of existing NBM interventions, proposes a classification scheme for NBM interventions, and identifies a number of new developments within the field as well as promising avenues for future research and practice.

Preregistration
This study has not been preregistered.
Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of ovarian cancer metastasis in the spleen: a therapeutic option to consider
Authors: Boccatonda Andrea , Mauloni Paula Antonia , Cevenini Monica , Masi Livia , Bakken Sofia Maria , Serra Carla 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSplenic metastasis are rare clinical entities developing in less than 1% of all metastatic cancers and usually in the setting of disseminated disease. To date, splenectomy is traditionally the first line therapy in patient with splenic metastasis, however non-surgical therapies have been reported. Here we described the case of a 57-year-old patient with splenic metastasis from ovarian cancer successfully treated by percutaneous radiofrequency ablation. Furthermore, we performed a literature systematic review of the cases of splenic metastases treated by thermal ablation.
Selective anti-CXCR2 receptor blockade by AZD5069 inhibits CXCL8-mediated pro-tumorigenic activity in human thyroid cancer cells in vitro
Authors: Coperchini F. , Greco A. , Petrosino E. , Croce L. , Teliti M. , Marchesi N. , Pascale A. , Calì B. , Pignatti P. , Magri F. , Uddin M. , Rotondi M. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy. Current therapies are successful, however some patients progress to therapeutically refractive disease. The immunotherapeutic potential of the CXCL8-chemokine/CXCR2-chemokine-receptor system is currently being explored in numerous human cancers. This study aimed to evaluate if the targeting of CXCR2 by its selective antagonist, AZD5069, could modulate CXCL8-mediated pro-tumorigenic effects in thyroid-cancer (TC) cells in vitro.

Methods
Normal human primary thyroid cells (NHT) and TC cell lines TPC-1 (RET/PTC), BCPAP, 8505C and 8305C (BRAFV600e) were treated with AZD5069 (100 pM-10 µM) over a time-course. Viability and proliferation were assessed by WST-1 and crystal violet assays. CXCL8 and CXCR2 mRNA were evaluated by RT-PCR. CXCL8-protein concentrations were measured in cell culture supernatants by ELISA. CXCR2 on cell surface was evaluated by flow-cytometry. Cell-migration was assessed by trans-well-migration chamber-system.

Results
AZD5069 exerted negligible effects on cell proliferation or viability. AZD5069 significantly reduced CXCR2, (but not CXCL8) mRNAs in all cell types. CXCR2 was reduced on the membrane of some TC cell lines. A significant reduction of the CXCL8 secretion was found in TPC-1 cells (basal-secretion) and NHT (TNFα-induced secretion). AZD5069 significantly reduced basal and CXCL8-induced migration in NHT and different TC cells.

Conclusions
Our findings confirm the involvement of the CXCL8/CXCR2-axis in promoting pro-tumorigenic effects in TC cells, further demonstrating its immunotherapeutic significance in human cancer.
Berufskrankheit UV-induzierter Hautkrebs
Authors: Diehl Katharina , Dursun Esma , Görig Tatiana 
Published: June 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Seit 2015 sind das Plattenepithelkarzinom als eine Art des nichtmelanozytären Hautkrebses (NMSC) sowie die aktinische Keratose, als seine Vorstufe, als Berufskrankheit anerkannt. Insbesondere Personen, die im Freien arbeiten, haben aufgrund der hohen kumulierten Sonnenexposition im Laufe des Berufslebens ein erhöhtes Risiko, NMSC zu entwickeln. Unklar ist jedoch bislang, wie ihr Wissensstand diesbezüglich ist.

Methodik
Im Rahmen einer bundesweiten Repräsentativbefragung (8. Welle des Nationalen Krebshilfe-Monitorings) wurde untersucht, welche Begriffe in Bezug auf NMSC und welche möglichen Anzeichen von NMSC bekannt sind. Dabei wurde zwischen Außenbeschäftigten und der Allgemeinbevölkerung unterschieden. Zudem wurde das Wissen unter Außenbeschäftigten detailliert nach soziodemografischen und hautspezifischen Merkmalen ausgewertet.

Ergebnisse
Sowohl unter Außenbeschäftigten als auch in der Allgemeinbevölkerung waren umgangssprachliche Begriffe wie „weißer Hautkrebs“ bekannter als medizinische Fachbegriffe wie „Plattenepithelkarzinom“. Während sich keine Unterschiede zwischen Außenbeschäftigten und der Allgemeinbevölkerung hinsichtlich der Kenntnisse der Begriffe ergaben, schienen Außenbeschäftigte besser vertraut mit den möglichen Anzeichen von NMSC. Insbesondere jüngeres Alter, Migrationshintergrund, heller Hauttyp und mehr als 40 Muttermale am Körper waren mit einem höheren Wissensstand verbunden.

Diskussion
Trotz ihres höheren Risikos, an NMSC zu erkranken, haben Außenbeschäftigte nur bedingt ein höheres Wissen als die Allgemeinbevölkerung. In beiden Gruppen scheint weitere Aufklärung notwendig, nicht zuletzt, um eine adäquate Selbstuntersuchung der Haut zu unterstützen und um für eine bessere Umsetzung von Sonnenschutzmaßnahmen durch die Außenbeschäftigten selbst, aber auch durch die Arbeitgebenden zu sensibilisieren.
DFFNet: a lightweight approach for efficient feature-optimized fusion in steel strip surface defect detection
Authors: Hu Xianming , Lin Shouying 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSteel surface defect detection is crucial in manufacturing, but achieving high accuracy and real-time performance with limited computing resources is challenging. To address this issue, this paper proposes DFFNet, a lightweight fusion network, for fast and accurate steel surface defect detection. Firstly, a lightweight backbone network called LDD is introduced, utilizing partial convolution to reduce computational complexity and extract spatial features efficiently. Then, PANet is enhanced using the Efficient Feature-Optimized Converged Network and a Feature Enhancement Aggregation Module (FEAM) to improve feature fusion. FEAM combines the Efficient Layer Aggregation Network and reparameterization techniques to extend the receptive field for defect perception, and reduce information loss for small defects. Finally, a WIOU loss function with a dynamic non-monotonic mechanism is designed to improve defect localization in complex scenes. Evaluation results on the NEU-DET dataset demonstrate that the proposed DFFNet achieves competitive accuracy with lower computational complexity, with a detection speed of 101 FPS, meeting real-time performance requirements in industrial settings. Furthermore, experimental results on the PASCAL VOC and MS COCO datasets demonstrate the strong generalization capability of DFFNet for object detection in diverse scenarios.
Scalable concept drift adaptation for stream data mining
Authors: Hu Lisha , Li Wenxiu , Lu Yaru , Hu Chunyu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractStream data mining aims to handle the continuous and ongoing generation of data flows (e.g. weather, stock and traffic data), which often encounters concept drift as time progresses. Traditional offline algorithms struggle with learning from real-time data, making online algorithms more fitting for mining the stream data with dynamic concepts. Among families of the online learning algorithms, single pass stands out for its efficiency in processing one sample point at a time, and inspecting it only once at most. Currently, there exist online algorithms tailored for single pass over the stream data by converting the problems of classification into minimum enclosing ball. However, these methods mainly focus on expanding the ball to enclose the new data. An excessively large ball might overwrite data of the new concept, creating difficulty in triggering the model updating process. This paper proposes a new online single pass framework for stream data mining, namely Scalable Concept Drift Adaptation (SCDA), and presents three distinct online methods (SCDA-I, SCDA-II and SCDA-III) based on that framework. These methods dynamically adjust the ball by expanding or contracting when new sample points arrive, thereby effectively avoiding the issue of excessively large balls. To evaluate their performance, we conduct the experiments on 7 synthetic and 5 real-world benchmark datasets and compete with the state-of-the-arts. The experiments demonstrate the applicability and flexibility of the SCDA methods in stream data mining by comparing three aspects: predictive performance, memory usage and scalability of the ball. Among them, the SCDA-III method performs best in all these aspects.
A review of coal permeability models including the internal swelling coefficient of matrix
Authors: Lu Shouqing , Shi Jiang , Jiao Lei , Ma Yankun , Li Wei , Sa Zhanyou , Liu Jie , Bei Taibiao , Wang Shengcheng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCoal bed methane (CBM), the high-quality and efficient fuel, has caught the interest of many nations as they strive for environmentally friendly development. Therefore, the efficient exploitation and utilization of CBM has become one of the international focal research problems. A significant factor affecting the mining of CBM is coal permeability. To better capture the changes that occur during the extraction of CBM, the internal swelling coefficient of matrix (ISCM) has been gradually in permeability introduced into the permeability models, and such models have become an important type of the development of permeability models. The goal is to find out more precisely the evolution mechanism of the ISCM and its influence on the permeability models. In this paper, the selection of coal structure, determination of boundary conditions and influencing factors of permeability for were first analyzed. Then, according to the research process of ISCM, the permeability models including the ISCM were reviewed and divided into four phases: proposal phase, development phase, evaluation phase and display of internal structure phase. On the basis of the ISCM values in the current coal permeability models, the primary influencing factors and evolutionary laws of the ISCM are explored. The results obtained provide guidance for future theoretical refinement of permeability models with the ISCM.
What are the Policy Drivers to Undertake Green Retrofitting Investments? The Role of Tax Incentives and Communication in Italian Households’ Decision-Making
Authors: Faccioli Michela , Lucarelli Caterina , Mazzoli Camilla , Severini Sabrina 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper explores households’ decision-making process to undertake green retrofitting investments, with the aim to identify the key behavioural drivers to adoption. We developed a discrete choice experiment survey and collected data from a sample of 434 individuals to explore the influence of monetary and non-monetary incentives on energy saving investment choices, focusing on the case of Italy, where a tax relief scheme (the so-called Superbonus) was introduced in 2020 to encourage green retrofitting investments. Our results show that the level of savings on energy bills, the environmental sustainability of the intervention and the comfort achieved all similarly contribute to adopt energy saving measures. Tax incentives, differently, were found to be less important drivers, except for those respondents who have a high level of green retrofitting cognition, suggesting a pivotal role of education and knowledge in driving choices. Our findings also indicate that communication matters: we show that green retrofitting decisions are influenced by the non-technical communication of the environmental benefits, while the use of technical expressions is found to be ineffective. These results are relevant to guide more efficient policy design and point to the need to combine targeted tax interventions with communication to encourage the uptake of energy saving measures.
Latest advances in extrusion processes of light metals
Authors: Leśniak Dariusz , Zasadziński Józef , Libura Wojciech , Gronostajski Zbigniew , Śliwa Romana , Leszczyńska-Madej Beata , Kaszuba Marcin , Woźnicki Antoni , Płonka Bartłomiej , Widomski Paweł , Madura Jacek 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe paper presents a review of the literature and authors’ research on the current achievements in the field of extrusion of aluminium alloys, magnesium alloys, powders and aluminium-based composites in particular. The microstructure transformations taking place during homogenisation of billets from the medium- and high-strength heat-treatable aluminium alloys are still an object of interest of researchers. The recently published papers are related to dissolution of soluble phases formed during solidification and elimination of microsegregation, precipitation of the dispersoids, insoluble phases’ transformation as well as particles re-precipitation during cooling. The novelties in the extrusion of magnesium alloys and aluminium-based composites are shortly reported. Specifics of the extrusion dies design and their working conditions, which limit the products quality and working life of the tools, are extensively reported. The computer-aided designing (CAD) and finite-element method (FEM) and 3D optical scanning were used in analysis aimed at dimensional deviations of the dies and the extruded products. The surface engineering techniques such as welding techniques, diffusion layers and protective coatings such as produced by physical vapour deposition (PVD), plasma-enhanced physical vapour deposition (PAPVD), chemical vapour deposition (CVD) and plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition (PECVD) are described. Various original methods of extrusion including the severe plastic deformation processes (SPD), such as cyclic extrusion compression (CEC), equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) and hydrostatic extrusion (HE) are discussed. The above techniques as well as the new KOBO extrusion process with oscillating die movement generate significant refining of the microstructure of metals and alloys and enable consolidation of the powdered materials. The application of the rapid solidification process connected with the hot extrusion permits production of beneficial microstructure and above-standard mechanical properties of the extruded products. Finally, the opportunities and directions of development of the extrusion process of metals and alloys are indicated.
Lightweight Intent Recognition Method Based on Diffusion Model
Authors: Li Lemin , Song Yafei , Quan Wen , Ni Peng , Wang Ke 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTo address the challenges posed by imbalanced and limited battlefield data, which typically results in complex models prone to overfitting during training, we introduce a novel diffusion model grounded in Wasserstein distance (WDiffusion) tailored for the multi-categorical and multivariate characteristics inherent to intent recognition data. Subsequently, we propose a streamlined tactical intent recognition framework predicated on gate recurrent unit (GRU), designed to enhance model responsiveness, and train it on an innovative dataset. Comparative experimental analyses corroborate that the synthetic data generated via WDiffusion significantly outperforms other prevalent generation models. Furthermore, the WDiffusion-GRU model achieves a recognition accuracy of 97.09%, surpassing current aerial target intent recognition models by more than 1.07%. This advancement maintains high recognition precision while substantially curtailing model parameters, thereby amplifying the agility and reliability of battlefield commanders’ decision-making processes.