bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peer tutoring technology in the professional development of a specialist
Authors: Artyukhina A. I. , Chizhova V. M. , Chumakov V. I. , Velikanova O. F. , Velikanov V. V. 
Published: June 2024

Aim. The article is devoted to summarizing the experience of using peer tutoring technology at the Volgograd State Medical University in organizing various areas of mentoring at the university, as well as preparing teachers to master this educational technology in the course of pedagogy and educational technologies of additional professional education at the Grigorenko Institute of Public Health.Material and methods. Theoretical (analysis of scientific sources on the research problem, analysis of the activities of Volgograd State Medical University mentors) and empirical research methods (observation, conversation, expert assessment method) were used. Peer tutoring management was analyzed according to the mentoring areas. In adaptation mentoring, peer tutoring was considered in the work of the "School of Curators", "School of Mentors". The analysis object in academic mentoring was peer tutoring in the activities of schools of excellence. In scientific mentoring, "School of Young Researchers" was discussed, while in social mentoring — Projectorium (youth socio-educational forum for social and innovative development), volunteering.Results. Mentoring should be referred specifically to pedagogical technologies, since its distinctive feature is the integration of didactic and educational components. The characteristics of mentoring, tutoring, peer-tutoring technologies are given. Within the federal innovation platform of Volgograd State Medical University, in the process of implementing the innovative educational project "System of Personalized Training in a Higher Educational Institution", a review of peer tutoring practices in adaptation, scientific, academic, and social areas was conducted. Peer tutoring technology in extracurricular educational work has its own characteristics in each direction and general advantages, which contributes to students’ self-determination and inclusion in personal and professional development faster than traditional methods.Conclusion. A variety of approaches to mentoring allows students to understand the advantage of this format of mastering novel professional and social skills in the process of extracurricular activities and, if desired, allows students to develop the mentor qualities. Mentoring and its form as peer tutoring in the student-to-professional format implements continuity and helps prepare graduates for cooperation with colleagues in a healthcare organization.
Prise en charge du syndrome d’irradiation aiguë
Authors: ARNAUTOU P. , KONOPACKI J. , MAILLOT J. , PETROVANU C. , SIAVELLIS J. , MALFUSON J.-V. 
Published: June 2024

Le syndrome d’irradiation aiguë correspond à l’ensemble des manifestions pathologiques secondaires à une exposition de l’organisme à des rayonnements ionisants à forte dose. Il évolue généralement en trois phases dont l’intensité et la durée dépendent de la dose de rayonnements absorbée. Les principaux tissus cibles sont la moelle osseuse, la peau et le tube digestif. Une irradiation de moins de 2 Gray n’a pas de conséquence clinique significative alors qu’une exposition au delà de 12 Gray est considérée comme au delà des ressources thérapeutiques actuelles. Le devenir des patients dont le niveau d’irradiation est situé dans cette zone thérapeutique est conditionné par leur capacité à survivre à l’aplasie radio-induite dont les risques hémorragique et infectieux sont potentiellement majorés par les atteintes cutanées, digestives et d’éventuelles lésions radio-combinées. L’évaluation du niveau d’exposition des victimes permet de calibrer leur prise en charge et s’appuie sur des paramètres cliniques, biologiques et physiques. Le traitement repose sur les soins intensifs hématologiques pour le volet symptomatique et sur les facteurs de croissance hématopoïétiques pour le volet étiologique.
Corporate fraud matters if you control firm leverage: evidence from the Russian bond market
Authors: Korotkikh Viacheslav V. , Salykina Alina E. 
Published: June 2024

Importance: financial market turbulence and worldwide economic decline present new challenges to the participants of the bond market. One of these challenges is related to the quality of information on firms’ activities provided to stakeholders.Purpose: identifying price anomalies in the rouble bond market caused by expectations of fraudulent activities of corporate issuers towards the falsification of information revealed in financial statements (accounting fraud) and of the firms capital structure.Methods: we consider four working hypotheses on the influence of the capital structure and the tendency of firms towards fraudulent activities on the falsification of reported information. We examine the excess returns and factor model based risk-adjusted returns of bond portfolios consisting of firms with different levels of fraud risk controlling firm capital structure and then check whether our results are robust with respect to bond market hidden states. We use the Hidden Markov Model to recover the sequence of bond market states based on spread of 30-year minus 3-months government bond yields. The authors performed data analysis in RStudio. The sample covers the period from January 2011 to December 2022.Results: this paper provides evidence of the significant contribution of the newly proposed risk factor, corresponding with corporate fraud controlling for firm capital structure, to the explanatory power of asset pricing models for bond portfolios excess returns. We then introduce hidden bond market states based on spread of government bond yields and show that proposed market states are statistically and economically significant. We further examine the state-dependent explanatory power of the risk factors for test portfolios. We find the strong evidence that the rouble corporate bond market is ineffective in relation to information on the possible firms accounting fraud.Conclusions: Investors in the Russian bond market should account for bond exposure to the accounting fraud risk factor in the risk-adjusted performance analysis of bond portfolios.
A model methodology for sustainable lending in the agricultural sector
Authors: Korobeynikov Dmitry A. 
Published: June 2024

Subject. Processes of internal institutionalisation and state regulation of the sustainable lending market in the agricultural sector, as well as the ESG transformation of business processes of lenders and borrowers within the framework of the concept of sustainable development.Objectives. The formation of a conceptual framework for sustainable lending and forecasting scenarios for its development in the agricultural sector; development of a model methodology providing a structural restructuring of the industry credit mechanism in terms of incorporating sustainable development goals and ESG factors into the credit procedures of banks and the business processes of borrowers, increasing the supply of relevant credit products, and creating a system of market and government incentives.Methodology. The developed model methodology for sustainable lending is based on the concepts of sustainable development, ESG, responsible banking, and sustainable finance. In order to achieve the objectives, the author used abstraction, generalisation, formalisation, analogies, and scenario forecasting methods.Results. It was shown that the concept of sustainable development and the principles of responsible banking form the basis of sustainable financing, the direction of which is sustainable lending. A conceptual apparatus of sustainable lending has been formed, which allows classifying it as a financial instrument for achieving sustainable development goals.Conclusions. Based on scenario forecasting, an acceleration model for the formation of a sustainable lending market in the agricultural sector is substantiated. The model assumes a proactive role of the state and banks (promotion of values, incentives), consolidation of institutional changes, and infrastructure development. A model methodology for sustainable lending in the agricultural sector, including three structural components: information, product and incentive system has been developed. The information component performs the functions of goal setting, consolidation in formal norms and regulation of institutional changes, incorporation of ESG factors into standard credit scoring procedures, and development of the market for non-financial ESG products. The product component is differentiated by types of sustainable development credit products. Standardised loan products, including government support measures, are offered for verified projects. For projects financed according to bank standards, unique loan products are offered with internal financial and non-financial incentives, restrictions and ESG risk management tools integrated into their structure. The incentive system is differentiated into financial and non-financial based on the types of credit products.
On the Systemic Problems of Training Highly Qualified Engineering Personnel for Domestic Industry
Authors: Душин А.В. , Иванова А.Д. 
Published: June 2024

Сегодняшнее производство испытывает серьезную нехватку высококвалифицированных инженерных кадров для реализации обозначенных Президентом Российской Федерации направлений развития страны: превосходство в области обеспечения безопасности государства, разработка прорывных направлений в области искусственного интеллекта, технологического лидерства и др. Статья посвящена проблемам недостаточно продуманной стратегии и политики в области подготовки квалифицированных кадров по инженерно-техническим специальностям, в том числе в аспирантуре Авторы обращают внимание на отсутствие атмосферы престижности инженерной науки, недостаточное финансирование аспирантов и отсутствие карьерных лифтов, реальной государственной и корпоративной защищенности молодых специалистов. Делается вывод о необходимости серьезных изменений в системе общественных ценностей и стимулов, обеспечения для молодых инженеров профессиональных, карьерных, финансовых перспектив, без чего невозможно воссоздать утраченную систему подготовки научно-технической элиты, разработки технологий мирового уровня, достижения технологического суверенитета страны.
Today's production is experiencing a serious shortage of highly qualified engineering personnel to implement the directions for the country's development outlined by the President of the Russian Federation: excellence in the field of ensuring state security, development of breakthrough areas in the field of artificial intelligence, technological leadership, etc. The article is devoted to the problems of insufficiently thought-out strategy and policy in the field of training qualified personnel in engineering and technical specialties, including in graduate school. The authors draw attention to the lack of an atmosphere of prestige in engineering science, insufficient funding for graduate students and the lack of career elevators, real state and corporate protection of young specialists. The conclusion is made about the need for serious changes in the system of social values and incentives, providing professional, career, and financial prospects for young engineers, without which it is impossible to recreate the lost system of training the scientific and technical elite, developing world-class technologies, and achieving the technological sovereignty of the country.
Approximations to the Moments of Order Statistics for Normal Distribution
Authors: Yılmaz Asuman , Kara Mahmut 
Published: June 2024

Order statistics occupy an important place in statistical theory. They have an important place in many fields of applied statistics such as goodness of fit tests and parameter estimation. In addition, it is necessary to find the expected values of these order statistics in these application areas. However for some probability distributions, these expected values are very difficult to find such as the standard normal distribution. So the problem of finding the expected values of the order statistics in statistical theory is of importance. In this study, two novel approximation methods are proposed for the expected values of the order statistics of the standard normal distribution. Also, the true values with previously given approximations, simulation results and our proposed approximations are compared by using mean square error (MSE), mean absolute error (MAE) and maximum error (ME) criteria. Furthermore, to evaluate the performances of all approximation methods, we compute the differences between exact values and approximation values. Then, the plot of these differences against the exact values is given. Based on both the plots and the comparison results, novel approximations fit the true values better than the other approximations presented in this paper.
Remote active monitoring of patients after myocardial infarction: are there any advantages over standard outpatient monitoring?
Authors: Sedykh D. Yu. , Alkhimova T. S. , Kashtalap V. V. , Barbarash O. L. 
Published: June 2024

Aim. To compare the clinical effectiveness of two patient management programs for 12 months after myocardial infarction (MI) (standard outpatient monitoring and office- based management with additional active remote medical supervision).Material and methods. 150 patients with non-fatal MI aged 35 to 70 years were included. At discharge, patients were randomized into groups with different followup programs for 12 months after MI (standard outpatient follow-up (n=75) or its combination with active remote patient monitoring (n=75)). One year after MI, the following parameters were was assessed: vital status, frequency of emergency cardiovascular hospitalizations due to coronary insufficiency, actual adherence to therapy and regular outpatient follow-up, achieving target parameters of cardiovascular health, and dynamics of behavioral risk factors.Results. In the group of patients with MI who spent 12 months in a combined program, compared with patients with standard monitoring, 4.8 times fewer combined ischemic events were registered (p<0.001); the proportion of emergency hospitalizations for cardiovascular reasons was 4.7 times lower (p<0.001). It was shown that patients observed in a combined program throughout the year were 1.7 times more likely to make regular visits to the clinic (p<0.001). Over a year, patients with active remote monitoring were more likely to achieve behavioral changes: the proportion of patients reporting an increase in weekly physical activity (p=0.013) and a decrease in the number of periods of monthly stress or their complete absence from work and/or home was 1.6 times higher (p=0.020), who were 1.8 times more likely to indicate a decrease in the frequency of monthly alcohol consumption and a decrease in the number of servings (p=0.001), as well as changes in dietary patterns. Patients who underwent additional remote patient monitoring were 1.2 times more likely to indicate a decrease in daily consumption of table salt (p = 0.011), 1.3 times more likely to note the addition of dietary meat to the diet (p=0.003), 1.1 times more likely to more often — fresh and cooked vegetables (>300 g per week) (p=0.032), 1.4 times more often — fresh fruits and berries (>300 g per week) (p=0.003), 1.2 times more often reported about reducing the consumption of complex carbohydrates to > ¼ of the plate per day (p=0.036).Conclusion. An original program of combined standard outpatient monitoring of patients and their active remote monitoring for 12 months after MI demonstrated advantages in secondary prevention of cardiovascular events and modification of cardiovascular risk factors.
Risk factors of ventricular arrhythmias in non-syndromic mitral valve prolapse
Authors: Trisvetova E. L. 
Published: June 2024

Non-syndromic mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is a common disease. In most cases, its benign course is noted, however, a connection between MVP and ventricular arrhythmias is reported, as well as sudden cardiac death. Clinical signs (chest pain, syncope/lipotymia, mid-systolic click), results of instrumental studies (electrocardiographic, echocardiographic, magnetic resonance imaging) allow us to identify known ("old") risk factors and new phenomena encountered in rhythm and conduction disturbances during MVP. Signs of "arrhythmic" MVP, often detected in young women, include prolapse of thickened both mitral valve leaflets, T wave inversion in the inferior basal leads on the electrocardiogram, annulus fibrosus disjunction, fibrosis of the papillary muscles and myocardium in the inferior basal wall of the left ventricle, determined by magnetic resonance imaging. resonance tomography and myocardial biopsies. In 2022, the European Heart Rhythm Association Expert Consensus presented risk stratification and treatment principles for patients with arrhythmic MVP, identifying low, intermediate and high-risk groups, and in 2024, the first meta-analysis of studies was performed to identify prognostic risk factors of arrhythmic MVP. The most significant predictors of arrhythmias included late gadolinium enhancement on magnetic resonance imaging, T-wave inversion on the electrocardiogram, prolapse of both mitral valve leaflets, and mitral annulus disjunction. When choosing treatment for patients with arrhythmic MVP, clinical characteristics are taken into account and a personalized approach is used to prevent sudden cardiac death and severe ventricular arrhythmias. As a rule, to prevent sudden cardiac death in patients with arrhythmic MVP, four treatment options are considered: medications (beta-blockers or non-dihydropyridine slow calcium channel blockers, a combination of a beta-blocker and flecainide, or amiodarone), radiofrequency ablation, surgical treatment of the mitral valve, implantable cardioverter — defibrillator (for primary or secondary prevention of sudden cardiac death).The rationale for surgical, electrophysiological, and/or therapeutic treatments depends on the specific rhythm disorder.
The phenomenon of complete treatment refusal in patients with acute cerebrovascular accident (according to the LIS-2 registry)
Authors: Lukina Yu. V. , Kutishenko N. P. , Zagrebelny A. V. , Ginzburg M. L. , Martsevich S. Yu. , Drapkina O. M. 
Published: June 2024

Aim. To describe and analyze a series of cases of absolute non-adherence to treatment (ANA), as well as to study the relationship of the phenomenon of refusal of treatment with long-term adverse outcomes in patients with acute cerebrovascular accident (ACVA), according to the LIS-2 registry (Lyubertsy Mortality Study 2).Material and methods. The study analyzed the results of two stages of prospective follow-up of patients with acute cerebrovascular accident included in the LIS-2 registry (n=960). After 2.8 [2.1; 3.5] years, an examination, a survey, and an assessment of treatment adherence according to the original questionnaire were conducted in 370 patients. After 6.9 [6.1;7.7] years, the outcomes of these patients were evaluated. The survival analysis included death from all causes, nonfatal myocardial infarctions and repeated ACVA, and emergency hospitalization for cardiovascular diseases also. These are the components of the primary combined endpoint.Results. According to the results of the questionnaire, 23 (6,2%) patients replied that they did not take prescribed medications, i.e. they were absolutely not adherent to treatment. Absolutely non-adherent patients smoked more often (p=0.004), were less comorbid, and had statistically significant difference in hypertension and coronary heart disease (CHD) (p<0.001 and p=0.03, respectively). The most common reason for ANA was unwillingness to take medications for a long time (n=12, 52,2%), the second most common reason was fear of drugs side effects and harm to health during long-term treatment (n=5, 21.7%). The components of the primary combined endpoint were registered in 10 (43.5%) absolutely non-adherent patients and in 104 (30.0%) people of the rest of the group. There was a discrepancy in the Kaplan-M ayer survival curves for the groups of absolutely non-adherent and all other patients, which did not reach statistical significance (p=0.12), as well as an increased risk of adverse long-term outcomes (hazard ratio, HR) in patients who completely refused treatment: HR=1.68, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.87-3.21, p=0.12 (univariate Cox analysis). According to the results of multivariate Cox regression analysis, the predictors significantly associated with an increase in the risk of endpoints were ANA (HR=2.66, 95% CI 1.06;6.68, p=0.037); presence of coronary heart disease (HR=2.18, 95% CI 1.13;4.24, p=0.021); increase in age for each year (HR=1.08, 95%CI 1.04;1.12, p<0.0001).Conclusion. The phenomenon of complete treatment refusal or ANA was noted in 6% of cases in patients with ACVA. Its leading cause was the reluctance of patients to take medications for a long time. In patients with ACVA it has been shown that the presence of CHD and complete refusal of recommended treatment increases the risk of adverse long-term outcomes by more than two times.
Clinical and prognostic value of the MELD-XI score in hospitalized patients with chronic heart failure
Authors: Dragomiretskaya N. A. , Podzolkov V. I. , Tolmacheva A. V. , Shvedov I. I. , Vetluzhskaya M. V. , Chistyakova V. D. 
Published: June 2024

Aim: to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic role of the MELD-XI index in hospitalized patients with CHF.Material and methods: The prospective study included 182 patients (92 men and 90 women), age 72.3±12.1 years, hospitalized at Clinical Hospital No. 4 of the First Moscow State Medical University with the CHF class II-IV. All patients signed the informed consent and underwent a standard examination with determination of NTproBNP and calculation of the MELD-XI index = 5.11 (ln [total bilirubin, mg/dl]) + 11.76 (ln [creatinine, mg/dl]) + 9.44. The primary endpoint was death from all causes within 36±3 months.Results: Based on the median MELD-XI index, 2 groups of patients were identified - high MELD-XI index>11.4 points (n=85 (47%)) and low - MELD-XI<11.4 points (n=97 (53 %)). Patients in the groups were comparable in age, comorbid diseases, and main classes of drug therapy received. Patients with a high MELD-XI index were characterized by a more severe course of stage IIB-III CHF and low LVEF (42.5[37; 50]% vs 52 [40; 60], p=0.0005).All-causes death over 3 years of follow-up was 39.6%. In patients who reached the end point, regardless of their initial LVEF, MELD-XI index values ​​were significantly higher (12.2 [9.7; 15.2] points) compared to survivors (10,6 [8,2;12,8] points (p<0.001)). According to ROC analysis, the threshold value of the MELD-XI index for high risk of death was 11.4 points (sensitivity 62.73%, specificity 59.15% (AUC 0.634; p=0.03)). Regression analysis showed that MELD-XI index values ​​>11.4 points increase the risk of death by 2.3 times (OR: 2.345, 95% CI: 1.274-4.315, p = 0.006) and are independent significant predictors of poor prognosis, along with LVEF <40%, NT-proBNP and sST2 levels and community-acquired pneumonia. Each subsequent 1-point increase in MELD-XI score increases the odds of death by 1.157 times (OR: 1.157, 95% CI: 1.0616-1.261, p<0.01)Conclusion: The MELD-XI score is a simple and reliable method for diagnosing multiple organ dysfunction in patients with CHF. MELD-XI index>11.4 points is a predictor of poor long-term prognosis in hospitalized patients with CHF.