bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of stiripentol in hyperthermia‐induced seizures in a mouse model of Dravet syndrome
Authors: Cao Dezhi , Ohtani Hideyuki , Ogiwara Ikuo , Ohtani Sanae , Takahashi Yukitoshi , Yamakawa Kazuhiro , Inoue Yushi 
Published: May 2012

SummaryPurpose:  We previously reported a mutant mouse carrying a severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy (SMEI) mutation in Scn1a. In this study, we examined the susceptibility to hyperthermia‐induced seizures of heterozygous Scn1a mutant mice (Scn1aRX/+) and wild‐type (Scn1a+/+) mice. Then we assessed the efficacy of stiripentol (STP) monotherapy versus STP and clobazam (CLB) combination therapy to prevent hyperthermia‐induced seizures in Scn1aRX/+ mice.Methods:  The seizure‐inducing body temperatures in Scn1aRX/+ mice and age‐matched Scn1a+/+ mice were compared in three age groups (1 month, 3–5 months, > 6 months). Then STP, CLB, or STP + CLB was administered intraperitoneally to Scn1aRX/+ mice of two age groups (p1M, aged 1 month; p5M, aged 5–10 months). The efficacy of medications was assessed by comparing the seizure‐inducing body temperature and the duration of seizures.Key Findings:  The seizure‐inducing body temperature was significantly lower in Scn1aRX/+ than in Scn1a+/+ mice for all age groups (p < 0.01). The seizure‐inducing body temperature was significantly elevated after administration of STP in p1M (p < 0.05) but not in p5M (p > 0.05), and it was significantly elevated after administration of CLB in both age groups (p < 0.05). The seizure‐inducing body temperature was significantly higher after administration of STP + CLB than after administration of CLB in p5M (p < 0.05).Significance:  Scn1a
RX/+ mice have increased susceptibility to hyperthermia‐induced seizure in all age groups. STP monotherapy is effective in preventing hyperthermia‐induced seizures in Scn1aRX/+ mice aged 1 month, but not in those aged 5 months and older. When used in combination therapy with CLB, STP inhibits the metabolism of CLB and probably synergistically enhances the anticonvulsant effect in mice aged 1 month.
Cortical abnormalities and their cognitive correlates in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy and interictal psychosis
Authors: Gutierrez‐Galve Leticia , Flugel Dominique , Thompson Pamela J. , Koepp Matthias J. , Symms Mark R. , Ron Maria A. , Foong Jacqueline 
Published: May 2012

SummaryPurpose:  To determine whether cortical abnormalities are more severe and widespread in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and interictal psychosis (IP) compared to those with TLE only (NIP) and healthy controls (HC), and to explore the associations between cortical parameters (area, thickness and volume), psychotic symptoms, and cognitive performance.Methods:  Twenty‐two patients with IP (9 male; 10 hippocampal sclerosis, HS), 23 TLE nonpsychotic (NIP) patients (11 male; 13 HS) matched for duration of epilepsy and 20 HC participated. Surface‐based morphometry (SBM) was used to measure cortical parameters. Cognition was examined in IP and NIP patients. Associations between cortical parameters and cognition were examined using linear mixed models adjusted by age, gender, and brain volume.Key Findings:  IP patients had an earlier onset of epilepsy, more status epilepticus, and worse cognitive performance than NIP patients. In IP patients, cortical thickness was reduced in the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), and their current IQ was associated with decreases in area, but not thickness, in regions of the frontotemporal cortex.Significance:  IP likely reflects the interplay of psychosis‐related genetic factors and the cumulative effects of seizure activity on the brain. Cortical thinning in the IFG, a region implicated in schizophrenia, is likely to be related to seizure activity, whereas changes in IQ, associated with reductions in area of frontotemporal cortex, may be related to the presence of psychosis.
Association Between In Vivo Alcohol Metabolism and Genetic Variation in Pathways that Metabolize the Carbon Skeleton of Ethanol and NADH Reoxidation in the Alcohol Challenge Twin Study
Authors: Lind Penelope A. , Macgregor Stuart , Heath Andrew C. , Madden Pamela A. F. , Montgomery Grant W. , Martin Nicholas G. , Whitfield John B. 
Published: May 2012

BackgroundVariation in alcohol metabolism affects the duration of intoxication and alcohol use. While the majority of genetic association studies investigating variation in alcohol metabolism have focused on polymorphisms in alcohol or aldehyde dehydrogenases, we have now tested for association with genes in alternative metabolic pathways that catalyze the carbon skeleton of ethanol (EtOH) and NADH reoxidation.MethodsNine hundred fifty single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) spanning 14 genes (ACN9, ACSS1, ACSS2, ALDH1A1, CAT, CYP2E1, GOT1, GOT2, MDH1, MDH2, SLC25A10, SLC25A11, SLC25A12, SLC25A13) were genotyped in 352 young adults who participated in an alcohol challenge study. Traits tested were blood alcohol concentration (BAC), breath alcohol concentration (BrAC), peak alcohol concentration, and rates of alcohol absorption and elimination. Allelic association was tested using quantitative univariate and multivariate methods.ResultsA CYP2E1 promoter SNP (rs4838767, minor allele frequency 0.008) exceeded the threshold for study‐wide significance (4.01 × 10−5) for 2 early BAC, 8 BrAC measures, and the peak BrAC. For each phenotype, the minor C allele was related to a lower alcohol concentration, most strongly for the fourth BrAC (p = 2.07 × 10−7) explaining ~8% of the phenotypic variance. We also observed suggestive patterns of association with variants in ALDH1A1 and on chromosome 17 near SLC25A11 for aspects of blood and breath alcohol metabolism. An SNP upstream of GOT1 (rs2490286) reached study‐wide significance for multivariate BAC metabolism (p = 0.000040).ConclusionsOverall, we did not find strong evidence that variation in genes coding for proteins that further metabolize the carbon backbone of acetaldehyde, or contribute to mechanisms for regenerating NAD from NADH, affects alcohol metabolism in our European‐descent subjects. However, based on the breath alcohol data, variation in the promoter of CYP2E1 may play a role in preabsorptive or early hepatic alcohol metabolism, but more samples are required to validate this finding.
Spectral Profiles of Complex Fractionated Atrial Electrograms Are Different in Longstanding and Acute Onset Atrial Fibrillation Atrial Electrogram Spectra
Authors: CIACCIO EDWARD J. , BIVIANO ANGELO B. , WHANG WILLIAM , GAMBHIR ALOK , GARAN HASAN 
Published: May 2012

Spectral Profiles of CFAE. Background: Spectral analysis of complex fractionated atrial electrograms (CFAE) may be useful for gaining insight into mechanisms underlying paroxysmal and longstanding atrial fibrillation (AF). The commonly used dominant frequency (DF) measurement has limitations.Method: CFAE recordings were acquired from outside the 4 pulmonary vein ostia and at 2 left atrial free wall sites in 10 paroxysmal and 10 persistent AF patients. Two consecutive 8s‐series were analyzed from recordings >16s in duration. Power spectra were computed for each 8s‐series in the range 3–12 Hz and normalized. The mean and standard deviation of normalized power spectra (MPS and SPS, respectively) were compared for paroxysmal versus persistent CFAE. Also, the DF and its peak amplitude (ADF) were compared for pulmonary vein sites only. Power spectra were computed using ensemble average and Fourier methods.Results: No significant changes occurred in any parameter from the first to second recording sequence. For both sequences, MPS and SPS were significantly greater, and DF and ADF were significantly less, in paroxysmals versus persistents. The MPS and ADF measurements from ensemble spectra produced the most significant differences in paroxysmals versus persistents (P < 0.0001). DF differences were less significant, which can be attributed to the relatively high variability of DF in paroxysmals. The MPS was correlated to the duration of uninterrupted persistent AF prior to electrophysiologic study (P = 0.01), and to left atrial volume for all AF (P < 0.05).Conclusions: The MPS and ADF measurements introduced in this study are probably superior to DF for discerning power spectral differences in paroxysmal versus longstanding CFAE. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 23, pp. 971‐979, September 2012)
A complication of double lumen hemocatheter guide wire entrapment in a hemodialysis patient
Authors: Wu Ping‐Hsun , Kuo Mei‐Chuan , Li Hung‐Hau , Chen Hung‐Chun 
Published: May 2012

AbstractDouble lumen hemocatheter is commonly used for temporary hemodialysis patient and various complications have been documented but few reports of guide wire‐related complications. We report a complication of double lumen hemocatheter guide wire entrapment in a 43‐year‐old female of type 1 diabetes mellitus and hemodialysis patient. She was admitted for left arteriovenous shunt dysfunction and right internal jugular vein hemocatheter chamber clotting was found while on hemodialysis, so a new hemocatheter was changed over guide wire. Guide wire was introduced without any resistance and the clotting hemocatheter was removed. During the procedure, the J‐tipped guide wire could not be withdrawn and portable chest radiography revealed the J‐tip of the guide wire was in the right ventricle near the region of tricuspid valve. Fluoroscopy was arranged and it also confirmed the J‐tip was lying in the ventricle near the tricuspid valve where it was stuck. Snare catheter kit was inserted through the 10 Fr sheath and the cardiologist untied the knot by endovascular snare and removed the guide wire smoothly. This report emphasizes the importance of awareness on guide wire entrapment while inserting double lumen hemocatheter. When a guide wire became hard to withdraw, extracting an entrapped guide wire with fluoroscopy guide and snare catheter is a preferable and minimal invasive approach.
Grammatical Gender and Inferences About Biological Properties in German‐Speaking Children
Authors: Saalbach Henrik , Imai Mutsumi , Schalk Lennart 
Published: May 2012

AbstractIn German, nouns are assigned to one of the three gender classes. For most animal names, however, the assignment is independent of the referent’s biological sex. We examined whether German‐speaking children understand this independence of grammar from semantics or whether they assume that grammatical gender is mapped onto biological sex when drawing inferences about sex‐specific biological properties of animals. Two cross‐linguistic studies comparing German‐speaking and Japanese‐speaking preschoolers were conducted. The results suggest that German‐speaking children utilize grammatical gender as a cue for inferences about sex‐specific properties of animals. Further, we found that Japanese‐ and German‐speaking children recruit different resources when drawing inferences about sex‐specific properties: Whereas Japanese children paralleled their pattern of inference about properties common to all animals, German children relied on the grammatical gender class of the animal. Implications of these findings for studying the relation between language and thought are discussed.
Are Automatic Imitation and Spatial Compatibility Mediated by Different Processes?
Authors: Cooper Richard P. , Catmur Caroline , Heyes Cecilia 
Published: May 2012

AbstractAutomatic imitation or “imitative compatibility” is thought to be mediated by the mirror neuron system and to be a laboratory model of the motor mimicry that occurs spontaneously in naturalistic social interaction. Imitative compatibility and spatial compatibility effects are known to depend on different stimulus dimensions—body movement topography and relative spatial position. However, it is not yet clear whether these two types of stimulus–response compatibility effect are mediated by the same or different cognitive processes. We present an interactive activation model of imitative and spatial compatibility, based on a dual‐route architecture, which substantiates the view they are mediated by processes of the same kind. The model, which is in many ways a standard application of the interactive activation approach, simulates all key results of a recent study byCatmur and Heyes (2011). Specifically, it captures the difference in the relative size of imitative and spatial compatibility effects; the lack of interaction when the imperative and irrelevant stimuli are presented simultaneously; the relative speed of responses in a quintile analysis when the imperative and irrelevant stimuli are presented simultaneously; and the different time courses of the compatibility effects when the imperative and irrelevant stimuli are presented asynchronously.
Age‐related distributions of anti‐Müllerian hormone level and anti‐Müllerian hormone models
Authors: LEE JOONG YEUP , JEE BYUNG CHUL , LEE JUNG RYEOL , KIM CHUNG HYON , PARK TAESUNG , YEON BO RA , SEO SO YEON , LEE WON DON , SUH CHANG SUK , KIM SEOK HYUN 
Published: May 2012

Abstract Objective. To determine age‐specific reference values for anti‐Müllerian hormone (AMH) and to set up an optimal model for AMH changes by age for infertility investigations. Design. Prospective study. Setting. Several infertility clinics and two university hospitals. Sample. A total of 21 226 AMH samples were obtained. Methods. Data on patients’ age, race/ethnicity, and AMH levels were available from the laboratory center data registry between November 2008 and January 2011. Main outcome measures. The distribution of AMH levels by age. From 16 972 women aged between 25 and 45 years, we established and validated five AMH‐age regression models. Results. The overall mean AMH level was 4.09 ± 3.71 ng/mL (median: 3.13 ng/mL). There was an inverse relation between AMH level and age. Among multiple regression models, the quadratic model was most appropriate to describe AMH‐age relation (log AMH = 0.205 × age – 0.005 × age2– 0.047). Conclusions. AMH levels show a progressive decline with increasing age. Age‐specific AMH values may provide more specific information useful for patients and clinicians. AMH‐age models could play a role as a basic step to approach more accurate ovarian reserve estimation.
The Myxovirus‐Resistance Protein, MX1, is a Component of Exosomes Secreted by Uterine Epithelial Cells
Authors: Racicot Karen , Schmitt Anthony , Ott Troy 
Published: May 2012

ProblemDairy cattle suffer from high percentages of early embryonic loss, and therefore, it is critical to study the function of the uterus at this time. We hypothesize that the antiviral protein, myxovirus resistance (MX)1, regulates secretion in uterine glandular cells during early pregnancy.Method of StudyUterine epithelial cells were used to study uterine function, in vitro. Sucrose gradients, Western blotting, and transmission electron microscopy were used to isolate and identify exosomes. Immunofluorescence and ceramide inhibitors were used for the characterization of exosomes.ResultsMyxovirus resistance1 was associated with exosomes and protected from proteases, indicating it was inside exosomes. MX1 partially colocalized with exosomal protein CD63, and a ceramide inhibitor reduced numbers of MX1‐associated exosomes.ConclusionThis study is the first to characterize MX1‐associated exosomes, and we postulate that MX1 regulates secretion in epithelial cells by playing a role in exosome formation or trafficking.
Ovarian Stimulation Reduces IL‐6 Release from Mouse and Human Pre‐Implantation Embryos
Authors: Yu Chunhua , Wang Li , Li Jianhua , Guo Chun , Guo Xinyu , Zhang Xinyan , Xu Ye , Yao Yuanqing 
Published: May 2012

ProblemIn our previous study, ovarian stimulation retarded post‐implantation development and caused 92 genes, including interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), to be differentially expressed in mouse blastocysts. None of them had been tested at protein level, In this study, we confirm the level change of IL‐6 mRNA in mouse blastocysts and IL‐6 protein release to the culture medium from mouse and human pre‐implantation embryos.Method of studyIL‐6 mRNA were measured by PCR and IL‐6 release to the culture medium were measured by ELISA.ResultsSuperovulation caused a 1.95‐fold reduction in IL‐6 mRNA in mouse blastocysts and reduced IL‐6 secretion into the culture medium in mouse zygotes which were developed to the blastocyst stage (6.397 ± 0.635 versus 4.799 ± 0.312 pg/mL). Ovarian stimulation also significantly reduced IL‐6 release into the culture medium in human zygotes which were cultured for 2 days (4.713 ± 0.945 versus 4.543 ± 0.796 pg/mL).ConclusionOur findings indicate that IL‐6 might serve as a candidate marker for evaluating embryo developmental competence.
Maternal dietary fat and fatty acid intake during lactation and the risk of asthma in the offspring
Authors: Lumia M , Luukkainen P , Kaila M , Tapanainen H , Takkinen H‐M , Prasad M , Niinistö S , Nwaru B I , Kenward M G , Ilonen J , Simell O , Knip M , Veijola R , Virtanen S M 
Published: May 2012

AbstractAim:  To explore the association between maternal dietary fat and fatty acid (FA) intake during lactation, and the risk of asthma in the offspring by the age of 5 years.Methods:  The subjects comprised 1798 mother–child pairs from the Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention (DIPP) Nutrition Study. Dietary intake was assessed by a validated 181‐item food frequency questionnaire, which covered the third month of lactation. The cumulative incidence of asthma was assessed at the age of 5 years with a questionnaire modified from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC). Cox proportional hazards regression was used for statistical analysis.Results:  The maternal use of margarines during lactation was associated with a marginally increased risk of asthma [hazard ratio (HR) for user vs. nonuser 1.96, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01–3.82, p = 0.047] after adjusting for putative confounders. The maternal intakes of n‐3 polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) and fish during lactation were not associated with the risk of asthma.Conclusion:  Maternal use of margarines during lactation was weakly associated with an increased risk of asthma in the offspring at the age of 5 years. Other fats or FAs during lactation were not associated with the risk of asthma. However, the nonadherence to dietary recommendations regarding especially fats of our study population may restrict the generalizability of our results.
Body size and lifestyle in an urban population entering adulthood: the ‘Grow up Gothenburg’ Study
Authors: Sjöberg Agneta , Barrenäs Marie‐Louise , Brann Ebba , Chaplin John Eric , Dahlgren Jovanna , Mårild Staffan , Lissner Lauren , Albertsson‐Wikland Kerstin 
Published: May 2012

AbstractAim:  To present data on body size, lifestyle and health status in students in their final year in high schools in Gothenburg area, Sweden, with specific attention to origin and gender.Methods:  Weight, height and waist circumference were measured by standardized procedures. Self‐administered questionnaires described dietary habits, sleep, physical activity, body image, country of origin and general health.Results: Eighty‐six percent of participants, (2600 girls, 2714 boys, mean age 18.6 years) were of Nordic origin, 86% reported no chronic health problems and 14%/19% of girls/boys were overweight or obese. Girls consumed more vegetables and fruits and fewer sweet drinks than boys, while breakfast consumption was most common in Nordic groups. Boys reported more positive answers than girls regarding body image. Nordic girls had more negative body image and higher morbidity compared with other groups.Conclusion:  Within this generally healthy cohort, boys were more likely to be overweight/obese than girls, although paradoxically boys were more satisfied with their appearance. Nordic girls constitute a group with particularly high risk of reporting low body self‐esteem and chronic morbidity. In the longer term, the current cross‐sectional data on body size, lifestyle and health will provide important baseline information for future follow‐up studies of health outcomes in later life.
Loneliness and self‐reported health among older persons in New Zealand
Authors: La Grow Steven , Neville Stephen , Alpass Fiona , Rodgers Vivien 
Published: May 2012

Aim:  The purpose of this study was to identify the rate, degree and impact of loneliness in a sample of 332 older community‐dwelling New Zealanders.Methods:  A cross‐sectional survey was used to collect self‐reported data on loneliness, physical and mental health, age, sex and marital status. Eight per cent of the sample was found to be severely lonely, 44% moderately lonely and 48% not lonely. Participants were assigned to three groups by level of loneliness and compared on age, sex, marital status and health.Results:  The groups were found to differ on physical (F[2,329]= 5.3, P = 0.006) and mental health (F[2,329]= 13.7, P < 0.001) but not on age, sex or marital status.Conclusions:  Those who were in the severely and moderately lonely groups scored lower on both health measures than those in the not lonely group.
Government spending on dental care: is it a public priority?
Authors: Ramji Sabrina , Quiñonez Carlos 
Published: May 2012

AbstractObjectives: The majority of Canadians believe that the government should play some role in providing dental care within Canada's health care system. However, it is unclear whether Canadians consider this as a top public priority. This study determines whether dental care is a public priority among Canadian adults relative to other policy concerns and identifies factors predictive of a first priority ranking for dental care.Methods: Data were collected in 2008 from a national random sample of 1,005 Canadian adults through a telephone interview survey. Respondents were asked to rank five spending priorities (dental care, pharmacare, home care, vision care, and child care) in terms of preferences for new government spending. Simple descriptive analyses were undertaken based on sociodemographic characteristics. Logistic regression modeling was conducted to determine which factors are predictive of a first priority ranking for dental care.Results: Comparatively, dental care stands as the third choice among the other spending priority areas. Approximately 21 percent of adults consider dental care a first priority for spending. First priority ranking of dental care appears to be linked to socioeconomic factors: household income, educational attainment, and dental insurance coverage.Conclusions: As a public priority, a moderate level of demand exists for more government spending on dental care in Canada, specifically among those of low income, low educational attainment, and who lack dental insurance coverage. A sustained effort should be made to push forward public dental care policies that target priority population subgroups.
Accuracy of record linkage software in merging dental administrative data sets
Authors: Beil Heather , Preisser John S. , Rozier R. Gary 
Published: May 2012

AbstractObjective: To determine the accuracy of record matching using “Link King” software that uses an ordinal score for the certainty that linked records are valid matches.Methods: We linked records in North Carolina Medicaid files to public health surveillance files using Link King matching software. We selected a stratified random sample of 230 of 45,295 linked records and 50 of 35,119 non‐linked surveillance records, then manually reviewed the records. Sensitivity (Sn) and Specificity (Sp) were calculated based on each cut point of the Link King score, using manual review as the gold standard.Results: The Sn increased from 0.837 (95% CI: 0.785, 0.892) to 0.935 (0.879, 0.994) and Sp decreased from 0.893 (0.816, 0.976) to 0.865 (0.790, 0.947) as cut points were varied to widen the scope of declared matches. With a goal of both Sn and Sp being large, accuracy was best when linked record pairs from the top three levels of certainty were included in the match.Conclusions: This study found that a publicly available software program accurately merged Medicaid and surveillance data. The Link King could be useful to researchers in merging administrative databases.