bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Construction of a Hybrid Family Based on Lanthanide–Organic Framework Hosts and Polyoxometalate Guests
Authors: Liu Xiaoyu , Jia Yanyan , Zhang Yongfeng , Huang Rudan 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA series of 3D polyoxometalate (POM) based coordination polymers, namely, Ln4(pdc)4[SiW12O40]·xH2O (Ln = Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy; x = 19, 13, 14, 18; H2pdc = pyridine‐2,6‐dicarboxylate), have been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, IR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analyses (TGA), XRD, and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analyses. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction reveals that they are all isostructural, and the Keggin polyanions [SiW12O40]4– are wrapped as noncoordinating guests in the nonlinear channels of the 3D host framework with 43·62·8 topology that is formed by rare‐earth metal ions and organic ligands. Furthermore, cyclic voltammetry (CV), ethanol‐sorption properties, and catalytic properties are also discussed.
New Versatile Strategy towards Zinc(II)‐, Copper(II)‐ and Cobalt(II)‐Metallated Thiophene/Porphyrin‐Hybrids
Authors: Zöllner Mike J. , Becker Eike , Jahn Ullrich , Kowalsky Wolfgang , Johannes Hans‐Hermann 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA series of linear and lateral functionalised porphyrin–thiophene hybrid molecules was synthesised. Directly linked metal‐free conjugates were synthesised by a successive bromination/cross‐coupling sequence and transformed subsequently into zinc, copper and cobalt porphyrins. In the lateral connection mode, diverse strategies were necessary to obtain zinc and cobalt porphyrins, whereas the synthesis of the copper derivative followed an established route. All compounds were investigated by cyclic voltammetry. Within the series, the cobalt derivatives were exceptional because the cobalt porphyrin oxidation proved to be in competition with the thiophene oxidation. These results lead to a better understanding of the redox behaviour because such hybrid molecules consist of two independent redox centres. Furthermore, in the linear case, the absorption spectra clearly indicated an electronic influence of the thiophene periphery on the porphyrin, although conjugation is hindered strongly.
Direct Structural Comparison of a Rigid Cyclic Peptidic Scaffold Using Crystallography and NMR in Strained PH Polymer Gels
Authors: Arnusch Christopher J. , Ippel Johannes H. , Kooijman Huub , Spek Anthony L. , Liskamp Rob M. J. , Kemmink Johan , Pieters Roland J. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA small series of biaryl ether containing cyclic peptidic scaffolds was synthesized and cyclized by an SNAr reaction. The structure of one rigid scaffold was solved by X‐ray crystallography and also determined in solution by NMR spectroscopy. Molecular alignment of the peptidic scaffold in strained PH polymer gels in [D6]DMSO was applied to extract residual dipolar couplings (RDCs). The RDC values were used to obtain a structure that was compared to the crystal structure. Good correlation was obtained, indicating that the RDC method represents a very precise structure determination method for small organic molecules in solution.
A Bifunctional Chromogenic Calix[4]arene Chemosensor for Both Cations and Anions: A Potential Ca2+ and F– Switched INHIBIT Logic Gate with a YES Logic Function
Authors: Chang Kai‐Chi , Su In‐Hao , Wang Yu‐Yun , Chung Wen‐Sheng 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA bifunctional chromogenic calix[4]arene 3, which contains both triazoles and hydroxy azophenols as both cationic and anionic recognition sites and the azophenol moiety as a coloration unit, was designed and synthesized. The recognition of Ca2+ by 3 gave rise to a marked colour change from greenish to bright yellow, whereas the recognition of F– by 3 showed a colour change from light green to bluish. The colour changes of 3 by the inputs of Ca2+ and F– have been implemented to construct a combinational logic circuit at the molecular level.
Simultaneous Determination of Ascorbic Acid, Dopamine and Uric Acid with Chitosan‐Graphene Modified Electrode
Authors: Han Dongxue , Han Tingting , Shan Changsheng , Ivaska Ari , Niu Li 
Published: July 2010

AbstractChitosan functionalized graphene was synthesized by a together‐blending and in situ chemical reduction method. UV‐vis, FT‐IR, Raman and SEM techniques were used to study the molecular structure and morphology of the resulting composite. The chitosan‐graphene modified glassy carbon electrode showed high electrocatalytic activity towards oxidations of ascorbic acid (AA), dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA). By using the differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) as the analytical technique the calibration curves for AA, DA and UA, determined simultaneously, were found linear with a concentration range of 50–1200 μM, 1.0–24 μM and 2.0–45 μM, respectively.
Liquid chromatography on chip
Authors: Faure Karine 
Published: July 2010

AbstractLC is one of the most powerful separation techniques as illustrated by its leading role in analytical sciences through both academic and industrial communities. Its implementation in microsystems appears to be crucial in the development of μ‐Total Analysis System. If electrophoretic techniques have been widely used in miniaturized devices, LC has faced multiple challenges in the downsizing process. During the past 5 years, significant breakthroughs have been achieved in this research area, in both conception and use of LC on chip. This review emphasizes the development of novel stationary phases and their implementation in microchannels. Recent instrumental advances are also presented, highlighting the various driving forces (pressure, electrical field) that have been selected and their respective ranges of applications.
Facilitating the hyphenation of CIEF and MALDI‐MS for two‐dimensional separation of proteins
Authors: Cheng Chang , Lu Joann J. , Wang Xiayan , Roberts Jonathan , Liu Shaorong 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBoth CIEF and MALDI‐MS are frequently used in protein analysis, but hyphenation of the two has not been investigated proportionally. One of the major reasons is that the additives (such as carrier ampholytes and detergent) in CIEF severely suppress the MALDI‐MS signal, which hampers the hyphenation of the two. In this paper, we develop a simple means to alleviate the above signal‐suppressing effect. We first deposit 1 μL of water onto a MALDI‐MS target, deliver a fraction of CIEF‐separated protein (∼0.1 μL) to the water droplet, evaporate the solvent, add 0.5 μL of MALDI matrix to the sample spot, dry the matrix and move the target plate to a MALDI‐TOF‐MS for mass spectrum measurement. We optimize the droplet volume and the laser‐ablation region. Under the optimized conditions, we improve the S/N by two‐ to tenfold. We also apply this method for 2‐D separations of standard proteins and apolipoprotein A–I, a membrane protein expressed in Escherichia coli cells.
Dynamic coating of SU‐8 microfluidic chips with phospholipid disks
Authors: Sikanen Tiina , Wiedmer Susanne K. , Heikkilä Liisa , Franssila Sami , Kostiainen Risto , Kotiaho Tapio 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIn this work, PEG‐stabilized phosphatidylcholine lipid aggregates (disks), mimicking mammalian cell membranes, were introduced as a new biofouling resistant coating for SU‐8 polymer microchannels. A rapid and simple method was developed for immobilization of PEGylated phosphatidylcholine disks in microchannels. Microfluidic chips made from SU‐8, PDMS, or glass were dynamically coated with the PEGylated disks followed by characterization of their surface chemistry before and after coating. On the basis of the observed changes in EOF and nonspecific protein adsorption, the affinity of the PEGylated disks was shown to be particularly strong toward SU‐8. The PEG‐lipid coating enabled permanent change in EOF in SU‐8 microchannels with an initial value of 4.5×10−8 m2 V−1 s−1, decreasing to 2.1×10−8 m2 V−1 s−1 (immediately after modification), and, eventually, to 1.5×10−8 m2 V−1 s−1 (7 days after modification) for 9 mM sodium borate (pH 10.5) as BGE. As determined by the Wilhelmy plate measurements and microchip‐CE analysis of BSA, the PEG‐lipid coating also enabled efficient biofouling shield against protein adsorption, similar to that of low amounts of SDS (3.5 mM) or Tween‐20 (80 μM) as buffer additives. These results suggest that dynamically attached PEG‐lipid aggregates provide stable, biomimicking surface modification that efficiently reduces biofouling on SU‐8.
Great horned owl (Bubo virginianus) dietary exposure to PCDD/DF in the Tittabawassee River floodplain in Midland, Michigan, USA
Authors: Coefield Sarah J. , Zwiernik Matthew J. , Fredricks Timothy B. , Seston Rita M. , Nadeau Michael W. , Tazelaar Dustin L. , Moore Jeremy N. , Kay Denise P. , Roark Shaun A. , Giesy John P. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractSoils and sediments in the floodplain of the Tittabawassee River downstream of Midland, Michigan, USA contain elevated concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD). As a long-lived, resident top predator, the great horned owl (Bubo virginianus; GHO) has the potential to be exposed to bioaccumulative compounds such as PCDD/DF. Site-specific components of the GHO diet were collected along 115 km of the Tittabawassee, Pine, Chippewa, and Saginaw Rivers during 2005 and 2006. The site-specific GHO biomass-based diet was dominated by cottontail rabbits (Sylvilagus floridanus) and muskrats (Ondatra zibethicus). Incidental soil ingestion and cottontail rabbits were the primary contributors of PCDD/DF to the GHO diet. The great horned owl daily dietary exposure estimates were greater in the study area (SA) (3.3 to 5.0 ng 2,3,7,8-TCDD equivalents (TEQWHO-avian)/kg body wt/d) than the reference area (RA) (0.07 ng TEQWHO-Avian/kg body wt/d). Hazard quotients (HQs) based on central tendency estimates of the average daily dose and no-observable-adverse effect level (NOAEL) for the screech owl and uncertainty factors were &lt;1.0 for both the RA and the SA. Hazard quotients based on upper end estimates of the average daily dose and NOAEL were &lt;1.0 in the RA and up to 3.4 in the SA. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2010;29:2350–2362. © 2010 SETAC
Ecological risk assessment of great horned owls (Bubo virginianus) exposed to PCDD/DF in the Tittabawassee River floodplain in Midland, Michigan, USA
Authors: Coefield Sarah J. , Fredricks Timothy B. , Seston Rita M. , Nadeau Michael W. , Tazelaar Dustin L. , Kay Denise P. , Newsted John , Giesy John P. , Zwiernik Matthew J. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractSoils and sediments downstream of Midland, Michigan, USA have elevated polychlorinated dibenzofuran (PCDF) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin (PCDD) concentrations. To determine if the PCDD/DF concentrations have the potential to adversely affect terrestrial avian predators, a site-specific, multiple lines of evidence risk assessment was conducted for the great horned owl (Bubo virginianus; GHO). As long-lived resident top predators, the GHO has the potential to be exposed to relatively great concentrations of bioaccumulative compounds such as PCDD/DF. From 2005 to 2008, concentrations of PCDD/DF were measured in blood plasma of adult and nestling GHOs and addled eggs. Indicators of the condition of the population, including abundance and reproductive success, were collected along 115 km of river corridor. Fifty-five active 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD) equivalents (TEQWHO-Avian) nests were monitored in 21 breeding territories from 2005 to 2008. The geometric mean concentration in blood plasma of GHOs was greater in the study area (SA) than in the reference area (RA) for both adults (RA: 3.1; SA: 9.4 ng TEQWHO-Avian/kg) and nestlings (RA: 0.82 ng TEQWHO-Avian/kg, SA: 2.1 ng TEQWHO-Avian/kg) GHOs, but less than concentrations expected to cause adverse effects based on laboratory studies. Concentrations of TEQWHO-Avian in addled GHO eggs were also greater in the SA than the RA (50 and 7.3 ng/kg, wet weight, respectively), but were less than concentrations expected to cause adverse effects. The GHO population condition and productivity were both greater in the study area than in the reference area and were similar to other GHO populations. This result suggests the GHO population in the Tittabawassee River floodplain is consistent with what would be expected for this area. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2010;29:2341–2349. © 2010 SETAC
Combustion behavior and application of polyolefin‐based floor sheet laminated with Nylon‐6/clay nanocomposites film
Authors: Ito Mikiya , Sakamoto Tatsuro , Uehara Motoki , Tsuruta Koji , Tamura Kenji , Mutoh Hiroyuki , Nagai Kazukiyo 
Published: July 2010

AbstractNanocomposites are potential materials that can be used to improve the flame resistance of polymers without the need for halogen‐based flame retardants. However, the nanocomposites cannot be used as the only raw material to produce final products as they are too expensive compared with low‐cost commodity plastics. Therefore, some types of polyolefin‐based floor sheet laminated with nanocomposites film were prepared for the cone calorimetric study to determine the suitable nanocomposites laminated structure for flame resistance. This study found that the polyolefin‐based floor sheet laminated with 200 µm Nylon‐6/montmorillonite nanocomposites film on the surface can reduce the HRR max and the S significantly; other types of nanocomposites film‐laminated floor sheet were not able to reduce their flame resistance in comparison with the normal Nylon‐6 film‐laminated floor sheet. Meanwhile, based on the gas barrier performance, the higher aspect ratio of clay is assumed to contribute to the higher flame resistance of nanocomposites. Thus, the polyolefin‐based floor sheet laminated with Nylon‐6/sericite nanocomposites film on the surface was also prepared and examined in the cone calorimetric study. However, the Nylon‐6/sericite nanocomposites film surface‐laminated floor sheet did not cause a significant reduction in the HRR max and S compared with the Nylon‐6/montmorillonite nanocomposites film surface‐laminated floor sheet. The grade determined according to the standard fire test and the mechanical properties of the Nylon‐6/montmorillonite nanocomposites film surface‐laminated floor sheet satisfied the requirements for floor sheets for Japanese railway vehicles. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characterization of aroma compounds of Verdejo white wines from the La Mancha region by odour activity values
Authors: Sánchez‐Palomo E. , Gómez García‐Carpintero E. , Alonso‐Villegas R. , González‐Viñas M. A. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractVitis vinifera L.var. Verdejo is a new variety of Denomination of Origin La Mancha located in the Castilla–La Mancha region. It is considered one of the most important Spanish white young wines. Aroma compounds of Verdejo wines from the La Mancha region made from three oenological techniques – the standard method, prefermentative maceration and enzyme treatment – were studied in terms of odour activity values (OAVs). The OAVs for the different compounds were classified into seven odorant series that describe the aroma profile of these wines (1, fruity; 2, floral; 3, green/fresh; 4, sweet; 5, spice; 6, fatty; and 7, other odours). The total intensities for every aromatic series were calculated as the sum of the OAVs of each one of the compounds assigned to this series. The fruity and sweet series are the ones most strongly contributing to the aroma profile of Verdejo wines, independently of wine‐making technique, while the floral and green series in combination contribute in low proportions. According to the results, wines elaborated with skin contact and enzyme treatment showed higher values in the aromatic series than control wines. These results are in agreement with the mean scores given by the assessors in the sensory analysis of the wines elaborated by the different oenological techniques. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Optimal arbitrage strategies on stock index futures under position limits
Authors: Dai Min , Zhong Yifei , Kwok Yue Kuen 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAssuming the absence of market frictions, deterministic interest rates, and certainty in dividend payouts from the stocks in the index basket, an arbitrageur can lock in the profit of a positive (negative) arbitrage basis in a stock index futures by adopting a short (long) futures strategy. In addition, the arbitrageur may improve the arbitrage profit by adopting the so‐called early unwinding strategy of liquidating the position before maturity, or more aggressively from the long position directly to the short position or vice versa. In this study, we examine the optimal arbitrage strategies in stock index futures with position limits and transaction costs. In our analysis, the index arbitrage basis is assumed to follow the Brownian Bridge process. The model formulation of the option value functions leads to a coupled system of variational inequalities. We determine the values of the arbitrage opportunities and the optimal threshold values of the arbitrage basis at which the arbitrageur should optimally close an existing position or open a new index arbitrage position. In particular, we examine the impact of transaction costs on the index arbitrage strategies. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 31:394–406, 2011
The information flow and market efficiency between the U.S. and Chinese aluminum and copper futures markets
Authors: Fung Hung‐Gay , “Wilson” Liu Qingfeng , Tse Yiuman 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis study examines the information flow and market efficiency between the metallurgical futures markets of the United States and China over a ten‐year span from 1999 to 2009. There were structural breaks in the aluminum and copper futures price series for the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX) and Shanghai Futures Exchange (SHFE) between 2006 and 2008. The New York and Shanghai markets are cointegrated, indicating an equilibrium relationship between the two markets. Trading strategies are implemented to explore the error‐correction process. The overall results show that U.S. and Shanghai futures prices are closely related and both markets are comparably efficient on a daily basis. The U.S. market does not appear to be more efficient than the Chinese market in incorporating information into prices. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark
Ultrahigh‐pressure metamorphism at the Lanterman Range (northern Victoria Land, Antarctica)
Authors: Palmeri R. , Talarico F.M. , Ricci C.A. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractNorthern Victoria Land is a key area for the Ross Orogen—a Palaeozoic fold belt formed at the palaeo‐Pacific margin of Gondwana and also known as the Delamerian and Tyennan Orogeny in southern Australia, and Tasmania, respectively. A narrow and discontinuous high‐ to ultrahigh‐pressure (HP/UHP) belt, consisting of mafic and ultramafic rocks (including garnet‐bearing types) within a metasedimentary sequence of gneisses and quartzites, is exposed at the Lanterman Range (northern Victoria Land), at the boundary between two main lithotectonic terranes (the Wilson and Bowers terranes). Mesostructural and microstructural relations between eclogitic boudins and country gneisses are, in some areas, characterized by interlayering with sharp contacts on a cm scale. Geological, petrological and geochronological studies indicate that mafic, ultramafic and felsic host rocks underwent a common metamorphic evolution with an UHP eclogite–facies stage ≈ 500 Ma ago at temperatures of up to ≈ 850°C and pressures up to 3.3 GPa. The retrograde P–T path is similar and, indeed, it overlaps in every lithology; it is a nearly isothermal path from UHP conditions up to deep crustal levels, and becomes a cooling–unloading path from intermediate to shallow levels. The discovery of UHP rocks at the Lanterman Range yields eclogite–facies rocks of this area among the rare UHP rocks of the world and represents the only known locality in Antarctica and along the entire palaeo‐Pacific margin of Gondwana during the Ross–Delamerian–Tyennan Orogen. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Retrograde metamorphism of ultrahigh‐temperature granulites from the khondalite belt in Inner Mongolia, North China Craton: evidence from aluminous orthopyroxenes
Authors: Liu Shoujie , Bai Xiang , Li Jianghai , Santosh M. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractOrthopyroxene‐sillimanite‐sapphirine‐spinel‐quartz granulites have been reported from the khondalite belt in Inner Mongolia, North China Craton (NCC), which record ultrahigh‐temperature (UHT) metamorphism. These rocks record metamorphic temperatures up to 1050°C and pressures up to 10 kbar during the peak metamorphism, as indicated by diagnostic UHT mineral assemblages such as equilibrium orthopyroxene + sillimanite + quartz, sapphirine + quartz and low‐Zn‐spinel + quartz. To well constrain the retrograde P–T conditions, we investigate orthopyroxenes in different textural settings in these UHT rocks and the results reveal marked variations in alumina contents, indicating a multistage formation. The core of coarse orthopyroxene porphyroblasts and some of the grains associated with sillimanite and quartz have the highest alumina content of up to 7.61–8.05 wt%. Rims of coarse orthopyroxene porphyroblasts and those occurring as coronas surrounding garnet grains have intermediate alumina value ranging from 6.21 to 7.61 wt%. Fine grained orthopyroxenes which form symplectite with cordierite have the lowest alumina content between 5.52 and 6.15 wt%. Based on the XAl–XMg isopleths, orthopyroxenes in different textural associations and textures indicate formation under varying temperature and pressure conditions, ranging from 950°C, 10.5 kbar to 840°C, 8.5 kbar. These results are in accordance with the P–T estimates from previous studies on these rocks using Ti‐in‐zircon geothermometry and pseudosection analysis. The reaction textures and orthopyroxene chemistry suggest an initial stage of isobaric cooling followed by isothermal decompression, and a final stage of cooling. Combined with the available age data which suggest the timing of the UHT event as 1.92 Ga, and the previous models on P–T evolution of the khondalites, our results suggest a complex exhumation of the UHT granulites within the Inner Mongolia Suture Zone associated with the final assembly of the NCC within the Columbia supercontinent during the Palaeoproterozoic. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.