bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of Bibenzyl Derivatives Bearing Pyranyl Moieties: First Total Synthesis of Bauhinol D.
Authors: Park Byung Ho , Lee Yong Rok , Kim Sung Hong 
Published: June 2011

AbstractNatural and unnatural bibenzyl derivatives with a fused pyran ring are synthesized in moderate yields by an ethylenediamine diacetate‐catalyzed single step reaction of dihydroxybibenzyl (I) with α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: Discovery of Torezolid as a Novel 5‐Hydroxymethyl‐oxazolidinone Antibacterial Agent.
Authors: Im Weon Bin , Choi Sun Ho , Park Ju‐Young , Choi Sung Hak , Finn John , Yoon Sung‐Hwa 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe SAR study of a series of novel pyridyl phenyl oxazolidinone analogues leads to the discovery of title compound (I) which shows promising in vivo activity against Gram‐positive infections.
ChemInform Abstract: Trifluoromethyl‐Substituted Cyclopropanes
Authors: Grygorenko Oleksandr O. , Artamonov Oleksiy S. , Komarov Igor V. , Mykhailiuk Pavel K. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractReview: cyclopropanation reactions, intramolecular cyclizations, fluorination of cyclopropanecarboxylic acids; 118 refs.
Adjuvant trastuzumab with chemotherapy is effective in women with small, node‐negative, HER2‐positive breast cancer
Authors: McArthur Heather L. , Mahoney Kathleen M. , Morris Patrick G. , Patil Sujata , Jacks Lindsay M. , Howard Jane , Norton Larry , Hudis Clifford A. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Several large, randomized trials established the benefits of adjuvant trastuzumab with chemotherapy. However, the benefit for women with small, node‐negative HER2‐positive (HER2+) disease is unknown, as these patients were largely excluded from these trials. Therefore, a retrospective, single‐institution, sequential cohort study of women with small, node‐negative, HER2+ breast cancer who did or did not receive adjuvant trastuzumab was conducted.METHODS:Women with ≤2 cm, node‐negative, HER2+ (immunohistochemistry 3+ or fluorescence in situ hybridization ≥2) breast cancer were identified through an institutional database. A “no‐trastuzumab” cohort of 106 trastuzumab‐untreated women diagnosed between January 1, 2002 and May 14, 2004 and a “trastuzumab” cohort of 155 trastuzumab‐treated women diagnosed between May 16, 2005 and December 31, 2008 were described. Survival and recurrence outcomes were estimated by Kaplan‐Meier methods.RESULTS:The cohorts were similar in age, median tumor size, histology, hormone receptor status, hormone therapy, and locoregional therapy. Chemotherapy was administered in 66% and 100% of the “no trastuzumab” and “trastuzumab” cohorts, respectively. The median recurrence‐free and survival follow‐up was: 6.5 years (0.7‐8.5) and 6.8 years (0.7‐8.5), respectively, for the “no trastuzumab” cohort and 3.0 years (0.5‐5.2) and 3.0 years (0.6‐5.2), respectively, for the “trastuzumab” cohort. The 3‐year locoregional invasive recurrence‐free, distant recurrence‐free, invasive disease‐free, and overall survival were 92% versus 98% (P = .0137), 95% versus 100% (P = .0072), 82% versus 97% (P < .0001), and 97% versus 99% (P = .18) for the “no trastuzumab” and “trastuzumab” cohorts, respectively.CONCLUSIONS:Women with small, node‐negative, HER2+ primary breast cancers likely derive significant benefit from adjuvant trastuzumab with chemotherapy. Cancer 2011;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Delayed synapse elimination in mouse levator palpebrae superioris muscle
Authors: Fox Michael A. , Tapia Juan Carlos , Kasthuri Narayanan , Lichtman Jeff W. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractAt birth, synaptic sites in developing rodent muscles are innervated by numerous motor axons. During subsequent weeks, this multiple innervation disappears as one terminal strengthens, and all the others are eliminated. Experimental perturbations that alter neuromuscular activity affect the rate of synaptic refinement, with more activity accelerating the time to single innervation and neuromuscular blockade retarding it. However, it remains unclear whether patterns of muscle use (driven by endogenous neuronal activity) contribute to the rate of synapse elimination. For this reason we examined the timing of supernumerary nerve terminal elimination at synapses in extraocular muscles (EOMs), a specialized set of muscles controlling eye movements. On the basis of their exceptionally high patterns of activity, we hypothesized that synaptic refinement would be greatly accelerated at these synapses. We found, however, that rates of synaptic refinement were only modestly accelerated in rectus and oblique EOMs compared with synapses in somite‐derived skeletal muscle. In contrast to these results, we observed a dramatic delay in the elimination of supernumerary nerve terminals from synapses in the levator palpebrae superioris (LPS) muscle, a specialized EOM that initiates and maintains eyelid elevation. In mice, natural eye opening occurs at the end of the second postnatal week of development. Thus, although synapse elimination is occurring in most EOMs and somite‐derived skeletal muscles, it appears to be dramatically delayed in a set of specialized eyelid muscles that remain immobile during early postnatal development. J. Comp. Neurol. 519:2907–2921, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Selective localization of collybistin at a subset of inhibitory synapses in brain circuits
Authors: Patrizi Annarita , Viltono Laura , Frola Elena , Harvey Kirsten , Harvey Robert J. , Sassoè‐Pognetto Marco 
Published: June 2011

AbstractCollybistin is a brain‐specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that is crucial for the postsynaptic accumulation of gephyrin and γ‐aminobutyric acid A receptors (GABAARs) at a specific subset of inhibitory synapses. Our understanding of the in vivo function of collybistin has been hampered by lack of information about the synaptic localization of this protein in brain circuits. Here we describe the subcellular localization of endogenous collybistin by using antibodies raised against distinct molecular domains that should recognize the majority of endogenous collybistin isoforms. We show that collybistin co‐clusters with gephyrin and GABAARs in synaptic puncta and is recruited to postsynaptic specializations early during synapse development. Notably, collybistin is present in only a subset of gephyrin‐positive synapses, with variable co‐localization values in different brain regions. Moreover, collybistin co‐localizes with GABAARs containing the α1, α2, or α3 subunits, arguing against a selective association with specific GABAAR subtypes. Surprisingly, we found that collybistin is expressed only transiently in Purkinje cells, suggesting that in these cerebellar neurons collybistin plays a selective role during the initial assembly of postsynaptic specializations. These data reveal a remarkable heterogeneity in the organization of GABAergic synapses and provide an anatomical basis for interpreting the variable effects caused by disruption of the collybistin gene in human X‐linked intellectual disability and mouse knockout models. J. Comp. Neurol., 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cytodiagnosis of primary thyroid lymphoma with histologic correlation: A case report
Authors: Mondal Santosh Kumar 
Published: June 2011

AbstractPrimary thyroid lymphoma is a very rare disease. Here, we present a case of primary diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in a 48‐year‐old female involving thyroid gland. The patient had thyroid swelling for 15 years which rapidly increased during last 5 months. Fine needle aspiration cytology revealed monomorphic large cells arranged discretely. The cells have high nuclear‐cytoplasmic ratio with prominent single to multiple nucleoli. Aggregates of thyroid follicular cells were absent in the smears. A cytodiagnosis of DLBCL was made and a differential diagnosis of lymphocytic thyroiditis was also included. Subsequent histologic examination revealed a high‐grade non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Immunohistochemistry showed the tumor cells expressing CD45, CD20, BCl‐6, and tumor cells were negative for cytokeratin, epithelial membrane antigen, CD3, CD5, and CD30. Proliferative index (Ki‐67) was very high (70%). Thus, a final diagnosis of NHL of DLBCL subtype was established. The patient was treated with R‐CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristin, prednisone) and radiotherapy. The patient is under one‐year follow‐up which is uneventful. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2011; © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology: An experience of 1,382 cases in a community practice setting with the implication for risk of neoplasm and risk of malignancy
Authors: Her‐Juing Wu Howard , Rose Crystal , Elsheikh Tarik M. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC) has provided a set of uniform diagnostic terminology including benign (B), atypia of undetermined significance (AUS), follicular neoplasm (FN), suspicious for malignancy (SM), malignancy (M), and nondiagnostic (ND) for the interpretation of thyroid fine‐needle aspiration (FNA). We applied this terminology on our 1,382 thyroid aspirates in a community practice setting, which included 539 cases of B (39%), 376 cases of AUS (27.2%), 116 cases of FN (8.4%), 37 cases of malignant (2.7%), 36 cases of SM (2.6%), and 278 cases of ND (20.1%). Two hundred twenty‐one cases (16%) of thyroid FNA had corresponding follow‐up thyroidectomies. Each diagnostic category represented a unique association with risk of malignancy and risk of neoplasm. Based on histologic follow‐up, the risk of neoplasm (including benign and malignant neoplasm) was B 14%, AUS 44%, FN 67%, SM 77%, and M 100% and the risk of malignancy was B 3%, AUS 6%, FN 22%, SM 56%, and M 100%. The classification and follow‐up recommendation of TBSRTC are appropriate for each category. Both B and AUS are low‐risk lesions with low probability of malignancy. FN predicts a higher rate for neoplasm but an intermediate rate for malignancy while SM carries a high risk for malignancy. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2011; © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Improvement of hydrophilicity of polymer surface by surface‐wave excited Ar plasma with acetic acid
Authors: Anzawa Eiki , Kral Martin , Ogino Akihisa , Nagatsu Masaaki 
Published: June 2011

AbstractPlasma surface treatment has many advantages over other wet techniques. In this work, we focused on surface modification by introducing ‐COOH groups onto the polymer surface by means of surface‐wave plasma. To introduce ‐COOH groups onto the surface, we added a small amount of acetic acid (CH3COOH) vapor to the argon plasma. The water contact angle on the polycarbonate surface decreased from 70° to 0° after plasma treatment. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements revealed that the surface roughness increased and oxygen molecules were introduced. These results suggest that functional groups on the polymer surface were replaced by highly hydrophilic groups as a result of Ar + CH3COOH plasma treatment. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 176(4): 1–6, 2011; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.21137
Bifunctional Mesoporous Silica Catalyst for C–C Bond Forming Tandem Reactions
Authors: Sharma Krishna K. , Biradar Ankush V. , Das Sayantani , Asefa Tewodros 
Published: June 2011

AbstractWe report on the synthesis and catalytic properties of a class of hybrid organic–inorganic mesoporous bifunctional heterogeneous catalysts for efficient catalysis of two‐step tandem reactions in one pot. With a solvent‐assisted grafting method, two different catalytic groups, that is, an organoamine and a palladium–organodiamine complex, were immobilized onto high‐surface‐area mesoporous silica sequentially, by using their corresponding organosilanes in 2‐propanol or toluene as the solvent in the first step and toluene as the solvent in the second step. Both MCM‐41 and SBA‐15 mesoporous silicas were used as support materials for the two catalytic groups, and the effect of different sequential grafting of the two organosilanes in 2‐propanol or toluene on the structures and the catalytic properties of the resulting bifunctional catalysts were investigated. By using the resulting amine/PdII–diamine bifunctional mesoporous material as catalyst, the occurrence of two very important C–C bond forming reactions, that is, the Sonogashira and the Henry reactions, was demonstrated in one pot for the first time. Yields of approximately 100 % in 2.5 h for the Sonogashira reaction and approximately 100 % in 45 min for the Henry reaction were obtained in the presence of the bifunctional catalyst when the reactions were run individually. When the bifunctional catalyst was used to catalyze the Sonogashira–Henry reactions in tandem in one pot, a yield of up to approximately 60 % of the Sonogashira–Henry product in 5 h was obtained. The synthesis and use of such bifunctional catalysts for efficient catalysis of the tandem reaction is of importance in three significant ways: it prevents the unnecessary use of solvents and other chemicals required for the purification of the intermediate products of either individual reaction, eliminates some of the work‐up procedures, and lowers the cost of synthesis of the final product.
Switchable Green and White Luminescence in Terbium‐Based Ionic Liquid Crystals
Authors: Getsis Anna , Mudring Anja‐Verena 
Published: June 2011

Abstract[C12mim]Br (C12mim = 1‐dodecyl‐3‐methyl) and [C12mpyr]Br (C12mpyr = N‐dodecyl‐N‐methylpyrrolidinium), both doped with TbBr3, as well as the neat compounds [C12mim]3[TbBr6] and [C12mpyr]3[TbBr6] show mesomorphic behavior and are able to form smectic liquid crystalline phases. The thermal phase behavior of all compounds was investigated by hot‐stage polarizing optical microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. Whilst the doped compounds crystallize around room temperature, the neat compounds solidify as glasses around –5 °C and qualify also as ionic liquids. The crystal structure of the acetonitrile solvate of the imidazolium compound, [C12mim]3[TbBr6]·2CH3CN, could be determined by single X‐ray diffraction. The structure features alternating double layers of [C12mim]+ cations and [TbBr6]3– octahedra with hydrogen bonded acetonitrile. [C12mim]3[TbBr6]·2CH3CN can serve as a structure model for the smectic mesophase of the solvate‐free [C12mim]3[TbBr6]. All materials show strong green luminescence from the 5D4‐level of Tb3+ after excitation into the 4f8→ 4f75d1 transition. In case of the imidazolium compounds, the color of this emission can be switched between green and blue‐white depending on the excitation energy. After excitation with λex = 254 nm, strong green emission mainly from the 5D4‐level of Tb3+ is observed. With λex = 366 nm, only the blue‐white luminescence from the imidazolium cation itself is detected.
Rare‐Earth Cobalt Gallides RE4Co3Ga16 (RE = Gd–Er, Y): Self‐Interstitial Derivatives of RE2CoGa8
Authors: Slater Brianna R. , Bie Haiying , Gaultois Michael W. , Stoyko Stanislav S. , Mar Arthur 
Published: June 2011

AbstractTernary rare‐earth cobalt gallides RE4Co3Ga16 (RE = Gd–Er, Y) have been prepared by arc‐melting of the elements followed by annealing at 800 °C. Single crystals of the Gd and Tb members were also grown in the presence of a Ga self‐flux. They extend the rare‐earth substitution possible in the Sm4Co3Ga16‐type structure (Pearson symbol tP23, space group P4/mmm, Z = 1), in which additional Co atoms enter as self‐interstitials into the parent RE2CoGa8 structure. Structural refinements were carried out on single‐crystal (RE = Gd, Tb) and powder (RE = Dy, Ho, Er, Y) X‐ray diffraction data. Cell parameters lie in the ranges of a = 6.03–5.96 Å and c = 11.11–10.96 Å. Magnetic measurements on RE4Co3Ga16 (RE = Gd, Tb, Dy) reveal that they order antiferromagnetically below TN of 19, 25, and 14 K, respectively; Y4Co3Ga16 is Pauli paramagnetic. The electrical resistivity of Tb4Co3Ga16 undergoes a transition coincident with the magnetic ordering temperature. Band structure calculations on Y4Co3Ga16 indicate that the major bonding contributions arise from Co–Ga and Ga–Ga interactions, with the stuffing of interstitial Co atoms into octahedral sites of the parent Y2CoGa8 structure, which provides additional Co–Ga bonding stabilization.
Clinical and functional outcomes in patients with major depressive disorder and painful physical symptoms switched to treatment with duloxetine
Authors: Sheehan David V. , Chokka Pratap R. , Granger Renee E. , Walton Richard J. , Raskin Joel , Sagman Doron 
Published: June 2011

ObjectiveThis post hoc analysis of a multicenter, single‐arm, open‐label trial (the Attributes of Response in Depressed Patients Switched to Treatment with Duloxetine [ARDENT] study) assessed the relationship between functional improvement in the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) and clinical outcomes of mood, pain, and anxiety over 8 weeks after switching treatment to duloxetine in patients with major depressive disorder.MethodsAnalyses included all 195 patients who completed the study. Pearson's correlation and multivariate regression analyses were used to evaluate the relationship between change from baseline in SDS total score and 17‐item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD17) Maier score (mood), Brief Pain Inventory‐Short Form average pain score (pain), and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale total score (anxiety) at week 8.ResultsAt week 8, change in SDS total score was positively correlated with change in mood (r = 0.49), anxiety (r = 0.44), and pain (r = 0.40). Multivariate linear regression coefficients for mood and pain were estimated at 1.21 (standard error [SE] = 0.184) and 1.16 (SE = 0.180), respectively (both p < 0.0001) compared with 0.02 (SE = 0.097; p = 0.82) for anxiety. Overall, 43% of patients achieved both HAMD17 and SDS total remission.ConclusionsFunctional improvement at 8 weeks was positively correlated with mood, pain, and anxiety in patients with major depressive disorder switched to duloxetine. Change in mood and pain exerted a relatively stronger joint effect on functioning than did anxiety in this patient population. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluation of the osteoconductivity of α‐tricalcium phosphate, β‐tricalcium phosphate, and hydroxyapatite combined with or without simvastatin in rat calvarial defect
Authors: Rojbani Hisham , Nyan Myat , Ohya Keiichi , Kasugai Shohei 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the osteoconductivity of three different bone substitute materials: α‐tricalcium phosphate (α‐TCP), (β‐TCP), and hydroxyapatite (HA), combined with or without simvastatin, which is a cholesterol synthesis inhibitor stimulating BMP‐2 expression in osteoblasts. We used 72 Wistar rats and prepared two calvarial bone defects of 5 mm diameter in each rat. Defects were filled with the particles of 500–750 μm diameter combined with or without simvastatin at 0.1 mg dose for each defect. In the control group, defects were left empty. Animals were divided into seven groups: α‐TCP, β‐TCP, HA, α‐TCP with simvastatin, β‐TCP with simvastatin, HA with simvastatin, and control. The animals were sacrificed at 6 and 8 weeks. The calvariae were dissected out and analyzed with micro CT. The specimens were evaluated histologically and histomorphometrically. In α‐TCP group, the amount of newly formed bone was significantly more than both HA and control groups but not significantly yet more than β‐TCP group. Degradation of α‐TCP was prominent and β‐TCP showed slower rate while HA showed the least degradation. Combining the materials with Simvastatin led to increasing in the amount of newly formed bone. These results confirmed that α‐TCP, β‐TCP, and HA are osteoconductive materials acting as space maintainer for bone formation and that combining these materials with simvastatin stimulates bone regeneration and it also affects degradability of α‐TCP and β‐TCP. Conclusively, α‐TCP has the advantage of higher rate of degradation allowing the more bone formation and combining α‐TCP with simvastatin enhances this property. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A:, 2011.
A chemically polymerized electrically conducting composite of polypyrrole nanoparticles and polyurethane for tissue engineering
Authors: Broda Christopher R. , Lee Jae Y. , Sirivisoot Sirinrath , Schmidt Christine E. , Harrison Benjamin S. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractA variety of cell types respond to electrical stimuli; accordingly, many conducting polymers (CPs) have been used as tissue engineering (TE) scaffolds, and one such CP is polypyrrole (PPy). PPy is a well‐studied biomaterial with potential TE applications because of its electrical conductivity and many other beneficial properties. Combining its characteristics with an elastomeric material, such as polyurethane (PU), may yield a hybrid scaffold with electrical activity and significant mechanical resilience. Pyrrole was in situ polymerized within a PU emulsion mixture in weight ratios of 1:100, 1:20, 1:10, and 1:5, respectively. Morphology, electrical conductivity, mechanical properties, and cytocompatibility with C2C12 myoblast cells were characterized. The polymerization resulted in a composite with a principle base of PU interspersed with an electrically percolating network of PPy nanoparticles. As the mass ratio of PPy to PU increased so did electrical conductivity of the composites. In addition, as the mass ratio of PPy to PU increased, stiffness of the composite increased while maximum elongation length decreased. Ultimate tensile strength was reduced by ∼47% across all samples with the addition of PPy to the PU base. Cytocompatibility assay data indicated no significant cytotoxic effect from the composites. Static cellular seeding of C2C12 cells and subsequent differentiation showed myotube formation on the composite materials. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: , 2011.
Silk fibroin and polyethylene glycol‐based biocompatible tissue adhesives
Authors: Serban Monica A. , Panilaitis Bruce , Kaplan David L. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractTissue sealants have emerged in recent years as strong candidates for hemostasis. A variety of formulations are currently commercially available and though they satisfy many of the markets' needs there are still key aspects of each that need improvement. Here we present a new class of blends, based on silk fibroin and chemically active polyethylene glycols (PEGs) with strong adhesive properties. These materials are cytocompatible, crosslink within seconds via chemical reaction between thiols and maleimides present on the constituent PEGs and have the potential to further stabilize through β‐sheet formation by silk. Based on the silk concentration in the final formulation, the adhesive properties of these materials are comparable or better than the current leading PEG‐based sealant. In addition, the silk‐PEG based materials show decreased swelling and longer degradation times. Such properties would make them suitable for applications for which the current sealants are contraindicated. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A:, 2011.