bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dyslexic entrepreneurs: the incidence; their coping strategies and their business skills
Authors: Logan Julie 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThis comparative study explores the incidence of dyslexia in entrepreneurs, corporate managers and the general population. It examines the suggestion that dyslexic entrepreneurs develop coping strategies to manage their weaknesses, which are subsequently of benefit in the new venture creation process. Results of this study suggest that there is a significantly higher incidence of dyslexia in entrepreneurs than in the corporate management and general US and UK populations and some of the strategies they adopt to overcome dyslexia (such as delegation of tasks) may be useful in business. The study was undertaken in two parts. First, entrepreneurs and corporate managers completed an online questionnaire, which combined questions about their company, their management or leadership role and their business skills together with questions that were designed to explore the likely incidence of dyslexia. A follow‐up study that made use of a semi‐structured questionnaire explored business issues and educational experience in more depth with those who had been diagnosed as dyslexic and those who did not have any history of dyslexia or any other learning difficulty. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bulimia nervosa symptoms in the Multimodal Treatment Study of Children with ADHD
Authors: Mikami Amori Yee , Hinshaw Stephen P. , Arnold L. Eugene , Hoza Betsy , Hechtman Lily , Newcorn Jeffrey H. , Abikoff Howard B. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractObjective:We investigated body image dissatisfaction and bingeing/purging characteristics of bulimia nervosa (BN) in the ongoing prospective follow‐up of the Multimodal Treatment Study of Children with attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).Method:Participants were 337 boys and 95 girls with ADHD and 211 boys and 53 girls forming a local normative comparison group (LNCG), reassessed in midadolescence (mean age, 16.4), 8 years after original recruitment.Results:Youth with childhood ADHD showed more BN symptoms in midadolescence than did LNCG youth, and girls demonstrated more BN symptoms than did boys, with effect sizes between small and medium. Childhood impulsivity, as opposed to hyperactivity or inattention, best predicted adolescent BN symptoms, particularly for girls. Among youth with ADHD, treatment received during the follow‐up period was not associated with BN pathology.Discussion:Both boys and girls with ADHD may be at risk for BN symptoms in adolescence because of the impulsivity central to both disorders. © 2009 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2010
Proposed diagnostic criteria for night eating syndrome
Authors: Allison Kelly C. , Lundgren Jennifer D. , O'Reardon John P. , Geliebter Allan , Gluck Marci E. , Vinai Piergiuseppe , Mitchell James E. , Schenck Carlos H. , Howell Michael J. , Crow Scott J. , Engel Scott , Latzer Yael , Tzischinsky Orna , Mahowald Mark W. , Stunkard Albert J. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractObjective:To propose criteria for diagnosis of the night eating syndrome (NES).Method:An international research meeting was held in April 2008, and consensus criteria for NES diagnosis were determined.Results:The core criterion is an abnormally increased food intake in the evening and nighttime, manifested by (1) consumption of at least 25% of intake after the evening meal, and/or (2) nocturnal awakenings with ingestions at least twice per week. Awareness of the eating episodes is required, as is distress or impairment in functioning. Three of five modifiers must also be endorsed. These criteria must be met for a minimum duration of 3 months.Discussion:These criteria help standardize the definition of NES. Additional aspects of the nosology of NES yet to be fully elaborated include its relationship to other eating and sleep disorders. Assessment and analytic tools are needed to assess these new criteria more accurately. © 2009 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2010
Binding of LBP‐1a to specific immunoglobulin switch regions in vivo correlates with specific repression of class switch recombination
Authors: Repetny Karen J. , Zhong Xuemei , Holodick Nichol E. , Rothstein Thomas L. , Hansen Ulla 
Published: April 2009

AbstractUpon stimulation of mature B cells, class switch recombination (CSR) can alter the specific immunoglobulin heavy chain constant region that is expressed. In a tissue culture cell line, we previously demonstrated that inhibition of late SV40 factor (LSF) family members enhanced IgM to IgA CSR. Here, isotype specificity of CSR regulation by LSF family members is addressed in primary mouse splenic B cells. First, we demonstrate that leader‐binding protein‐1a (LBP‐1a) is the prevalent family member in B lymphocytes. Second, we demonstrate by ChIP that LBP‐1a binds genomic sequences around mouse switch (S) regions in an isotype‐specific manner, in accordance with computational predictions: binding is observed to Sμ and Sα, but not to the tested Sγ1, regions. Importantly, binding of LBP‐1a is tightly regulated, with occupancy at genomic S regions dramatically decreasing following LPS stimulation. Finally, the consequence of DNA‐binding by LBP‐1a is determined using bone marrow chimeric mice in which LSF/LBP‐1 activity is inhibited in hematopoietic lineages. Upon in vitro stimulation of such primary B cells, CSR occurs with a higher efficiency to IgA, but not to IgG1. These results are supportive of a model whereby LBP‐1a represses CSR in an isotype‐specific manner via direct interaction with S regions involved in the recombination.
Functional TLR9 modulates bone marrow B cells from rheumatoid arthritis patients
Authors: Rudnicka Weronika , Burakowski Tomasz , Warnawin Ewa , Jastrzebska Magdalena , Bik Magdalena , Kontny Ewa , Chorazy‐Massalska Magdalena , Radzikowska Anna , Buler Marcin , Maldyk Pawel , Maslinski Wlodzimierz 
Published: April 2009

AbstractTLR9 recognizes unmethylated CpG‐rich, pathogen‐derived DNA sequences and represents the component of the innate immune system that heavily influences adaptive immunity and may contribute to the immunological disturbances in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Accumulating data indicate that BM of RA patients participates in the pathogenesis of this disease as a site of proinflammatory cytokines overproduction and lymphocytes activation. Here, we investigated the functionality of TLR9 and its role in the modulation of RA BM B‐cell functions. We report that BM B cells isolated from RA patients express TLR9 at the mRNA and protein levels acquired at the stage of preB/immature B‐cell maturation. Stimulation of BM CD20+B cells by CpG‐containing oligodeoxynucleotide‐enhanced expression of activation markers (CD86 and CD54) triggered IL‐6 and TNF‐α secretion and cell proliferation. Significantly higher levels of eubacterial DNA encoding 16S‐rRNA were found in BM samples from RA than osteoarthritis patients. Moreover, RA BM B cells exerted higher expression of CD86 than their osteoarthritis counterparts, suggesting theirin situactivationviaTLR9. Thus, our data indicate that TLR9 may participate in direct activation and proliferation of B cells in BM, and therefore could play a role in the pathogenesis of RA.
Synthesis and Structure Characterization of Copper Terephthalate Metal–Organic Frameworks
Authors: Carson Cantwell G. , Hardcastle Kenneth , Schwartz Justin , Liu Xiaotao , Hoffmann Christina , Gerhardt Rosario A. , Tannenbaum Rina 
Published: April 2009

AbstractIn this paper, we report on a high‐throughput (gram quantities) solvothermal method for the synthesis of copper terephthalate metal–organic frameworks in dmf. While the structure of MOF‐2 and some of the associated polymorphs are well known, we know of no equivalent structural studies for the isostructural copper terephthalate (Cu–tpa). The material we have made crystallizes in the C2/m space group. Cu–tpa also exhibits reversible solvent‐exchange properties. These properties make this material useful for potential applications in gas storage and catalysis applications. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Highly Efficient Recyclable CoIII–salen Complexes in the Catalyzed Asymmetric Aminolytic Kinetic Resolution of Aryloxy/Terminal Epoxides for the Simultaneous Production of N‐Protected 1,2‐Amino Alcohols and the Corresponding Epoxides in High Optical Purity
Authors: Kureshy Rukhsana I. , Prathap K. Jeya , Agrawal Santosh , Kumar Manish , Khan Noor‐ul H. , Abdi Sayed H. R. , Bajaj Hari C. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractChiral CoIII–salen complexes 1–6 bearing different substituents at the 3,3′‐ and 5,5′‐positions of the salen unit, namely H, tBu, morpholinomethyl, and piperidinomethyl, have been synthesized. These complexes were used as catalysts in an environmentally benign protocol for the highly enantioselective aminolytic kinetic resolution (AKR) of racemic aryloxy/terminal epoxides with various carbamates as the nucleophile in the presence of different ionic liquids at room temperature. Excellent yields (>99 % with respect to the nucleophile) of N‐protected 1,2‐amino alcohols with high regio‐ and enantioselectivities (ee >99 %) were achieved with the simultaneous formation of the corresponding epoxides with high chiral purity (ee up to >99 %) and in quantitative yields with catalyst 1 in the ionic liquid [bmim]PF6 as the reaction medium in around 5 h. The catalyst is recyclable in this ionic‐liquid‐mediated AKR process (up to six cycles with no loss of performance), and the process is five times faster than the homogeneous process performed with conventional organic solvents.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
The application of CE‐MS in the trace analysis of environmental pollutants and food contaminants
Authors: Robledo Virginia Rodríguez , Smyth William Franklin 
Published: April 2009

AbstractIn this review, selected applications of CE‐MS in recent years have been highlighted for the separation, detection and determination of environmental pollutants and food contaminants in selected samples. Trace analysis by CE‐MS of analytes such as low molecular mass amines, nitroaromatics, alkylphosphonic acids, azo dyes, antidepressants, and antibiotic drugs, among others, in air, sediment and water samples have been reviewed. The CE‐MS analysis of pesticides such as triazolopyrimidine sulphoanilides, different types of antibiotics (sulphonamides, β‐lactones, quinolones and tetracyclines) and other exogenous compounds such as acrylamide and toxic oligopeptides in food samples has also been reviewed. The review gives details on the fragmentations, where available, that the ionic species exhibit in‐source and in ion trap, triple quadrupole and ToF MS analysers. A critical evaluation is also given of these recent CE‐MS analytical methods for the separation, detection and determination of trace levels of such pollutants and contaminants with analytical information on the treatment of the samples, CE separation conditions, linearity ranges, LODs and recoveries from the different matrices presented.
Neutral analyte focusing by micelle collapse in partial‐filling MEKC with UV and ESI‐MS detection
Authors: Quirino Joselito P. , Haddad Paul R. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractAnalyte focusing by micelle collapse is investigated as an on‐line sample preconcentration technique in partial‐filling MEKC with detection using UV and ESI‐MS. Enhancement in peak height sensitivity of more than a 100 was obtained for model alkylphenylketones and dialkylphthalates using analyte focusing by micelle collapse‐partial‐filling MEKC with UV or ESI‐MS detection.
Development of a CE‐ESI‐ITMS method for the enantiomeric determination of the non‐protein amino acid ornithine
Authors: Domínguez‐Vega Elena , Sánchez‐Hernández Laura , García‐Ruiz Carmen , Crego Antonio L. , Marina Maria Luisa 
Published: April 2009

AbstractUnequivocal enantiomeric determination by CE‐MS2of the non‐protein amino acid ornithine (Orn), previously derivatized with FITC, was carried out in this work. A CE‐tandem MS system was used to combine the potential of CE in chiral separations with the sensitivity and selectivity of tandem MS detection. The electrospray‐coaxial sheath flow interface conditions were optimized and an IT analyzer working in the MS2mode was employed to provide the best sensitivity and selectivity. Satisfactory results were obtained in terms of linearity (r2>0.99), precision (RSD from 1.3 to 2.3% for migration times and from 11.0 to 18.6% for corrected peak areas), and LOD (2×10−9 M). Interestingly, the CE‐MS2method developed allowed a sensitivity enhancement of 100 folds with respect to UV detection. The results demonstrated the feasibility for carrying out quantitative CE‐ESI‐MS2determinations of Orn enantiomers in beers. Thus,L‐Orn was found in the 16 beer samples analyzed at concentrations ranging from 1×10−6to 2×10−5 M, whereas the percentages ofD‐Orn with respect to the total amount of Orn reached values between 1.5 and 10.0%.
Novel oncogene amplifications in tumors from a family with Li–Fraumeni syndrome
Authors: Rieber Juliane , Remke Marc , Hartmann Christian , Korshunov Andrey , Burkhardt Birgit , Sturm Dominik , Mechtersheimer Gunhild , Wittmann Andrea , Greil Johann , Blattmann Claudia , Witt Olaf , Behnisch Wolfgang , Halatsch Marc‐Eric , Orakcioglu Berk , von Deimling Andreas , Lichter Peter , Kulozik Andreas , Pfister Stefan 
Published: April 2009

AbstractLi–Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) represents an inherited tumor syndrome that is typically caused by germline mutations of the tumor suppressor gene TP53. TP53 dysfunction secondarily disturbs the genetic integrity of the cell. Here, we report a family with LFS harboring a germline TP53 mutation (R248W) located in the functional domain of the protein that binds to the minor groove of the DNA. In this family, tumors of the central nervous system were diagnosed as primary malignancies in all carriers of the mutation. The index patient developed an anaplastic medulloblastoma with unusual genomic profile exhibiting six distinct high‐level genomic amplifications, two of them targeting the MYCN and GLI2 genes, respectively. In an extrarenal rhabdoid tumor from the same patient, we found a novel high‐level amplification of the MYC oncogene. The father of this patient was diagnosed with myxopapillary ependymoma (WHO °I), whereas a brother died from an early relapse of a choroid plexus carcinoma. The analysis of this LFS familiy thus revealed novel oncogene amplifications as different second hits that are likely to also play a role in the pathogenesis of their sporadic counterparts. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Geoarchaeology of the Mockingbird Gap (Clovis) site, Jornada del Muerto, New Mexico
Authors: Holliday Vance T. , Huckell Bruce B. , Weber Robert H. , Hamilton Marcus J. , Reitze William T. , Mayer James H. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThe Mockingbird Gap site is one of the largest Clovis sites in the western United States, yet it remains poorly known after it was tested in 1966–1968. Surface collecting and mapping of the site revealed a dense accumulation of Clovis lithic debris stretching along Chupadera Draw, which drains into the Jornada del Muerto basin. We conducted archaeological testing and geoarchaeological coring to assess the stratigraphic integrity of the site and gain clues to the paleoenvironmental conditions during the Clovis occupation. The 1966–1968 excavations were in stratified Holocene eolian sand and thus that assemblage was from a disturbed content. An intact Clovis occupation was found elsewhere in the site, embedded in the upper few centimeters of a well‐developed buried Bt horizon formed in eolian sand, representing the regional Clovis landscape. Coring in Chupadera Draw revealed ∼11 m of fill spanning the past ∼11,00014C years. The stratified deposits provide evidence of flowing and standing water on the floor of the draw during Clovis times, a likely inducement to settlement. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Topaz Basin archaeological obsidian source in the transition zone of central Arizona
Authors: Shackley M. Steven 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThe Classic Period Migration Project involves the analysis of archaeological sites at Perry Mesa in central Arizona and resulted in the discovery of several small marekanite1 obsidian artifacts that signaled a previously unlocated source. The source was eventually located in the Topaz Basin area of the upper Cienega Creek stream basin, southwest of Camp Verde, Arizona.2 While this locality solves the “unknown” sources in the Perry Mesa archaeological assemblage, it has not appeared in the archaeological record of Arizona with any frequency. The glass itself is an excellent medium for tool production, so its near absence in the archaeological record is likely attributable to social/territorial causes as well as limited secondary deposition, and along with other “minor” sources points to the archaeological utility of understanding these smaller sources. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Stratigraphy and formation processes of the Upper Pleistocene deposit at Gruta da Oliveira, Almonda karstic system, Torres Novas, Portugal
Authors: Angelucci Diego E. , Zilhão João 
Published: April 2009

AbstractGruta da Oliveira is a cave located in the Almonda karstic system in central Portugal. Its Upper Pleistocene fill is made up of gravitational sediments with varied biogenic and anthropogenic inputs. The archaeological sequence (35–70 ka) is fairly homogeneous, reflecting a predominantly moist climatic context modulated by millennial‐scale variations. Human occupation was almost continuous throughout. In the richer archaeological layers (8–14), the anthropogenic components are in primary position, and post‐depositional processes are restricted, although penecontemporaneous biological activity—such as hyena scavenging—overprinted the record. In layers 15–19, the excavated area corresponds to the footslope of a talus, where accumulation proceeded mainly through runoff and where the lithics and bones derive from occupations situated ca. 5m outward. The base of the deposit is >2m from the current base of the excavation, suggesting that Oxygen Isotope Stage (OIS)‐4 and OIS‐5 sediments underlay the deposit already exposed. This study confirms the archaeological integrity of the Mousterian assemblages found in the different layers, and, given the dates for layer 8, supports the hypothesis that Neanderthals survived in western Iberia until at least 35,000–38,000 calendar years ago. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Freshwater availability as the constraining factor in the Middle Paleoindian occupation of North‐Central Florida
Authors: Thulman David K. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThe locations of reliable surface water exposures during the Middle Paleoindian period (10,800–10,200 14C yr B.P.) in north‐central Florida are reconstructed and compared to the concentrations of Middle Paleoindian projectile points. Estimates of water table levels and surface water flow in Florida's karst geology confirm prior climate reconstructions for that time indicating the area was arid and supported a xeric ecology in most upland locales. Surface water flow data from recent extreme droughts and water table estimations are used to identify the areas of highest probability for surface water availability. The distribution of the highest concentrations of Middle Paleoindian points correlates with the areas of highest probability, indicating that scarce surface water sources were the strongest constraint on occupation location during that time. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Archaeofacies analysis: Using depositional attributes to identify anthropic processes of deposition in a monumental shell mound of Santa Catarina State, southern Brazil
Authors: Villagran Ximena S. , Giannini Paulo C.F. , DeBlasis Paulo 
Published: April 2009

AbstractIn the coast of Santa Catarina State (southern Brazil), a large population of monumental shell mounds characterizes a highly dynamic coastal setting. In this paper, sedimentary facies analysis was adapted for description, sampling, and interpretation of shell mound complex and repetitive archaeostratigraphic successions. Archaeofacies identification in the field, according to depositional attributes, is tested by contrasting field description with multi‐element chemical analyses, total carbon and nitrogen determinations, and micromorphological descriptions. Two vertical sequences at the black deposit of Jabuticabeira II shell mound were studied and preliminary results showed that: (1) depositional attributes are a reliable base for archaeofacies identification in the field, (2) the formation process of this site involved a sequence of anthropic depositional processes, where burned refuse was redeposited over the shell mound following a ritual construction pattern, and (3) the black deposit includes a double palimpsest that refers to provenance and meaning of mound construction material. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Late Holocene evolution of Tiber river delta and geoarchaeology of Claudius and Trajan Harbor, Rome
Authors: Giraudi Carlo , Tata Cristiana , Paroli Lidia 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThis study provides new information on the evolution of the Tiber delta during the late Holocene, and describes the record of sedimentation in the Port of Claudius and Trajan. The Tiber flowed into the Tyrrhenian Sea in the area of the Port of Claudius and Trajan between the 8th and 5th centuries B.C. The harbor basins excavated by the Romans during the 1st and 2nd centuries A.D. were filled with sediments containing saltwater fauna, then brackish‐water fauna, and finally by alluvial and marsh deposits. The Port of Claudius and Trajan was silted in as a consequence of episodes of alluviation that correlate with environmental events, possibly triggered by global climate changes. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Astrocyte function and role in motor neuron disease: A future therapeutic target?
Authors: Blackburn Daniel , Sargsyan Siranush , Monk Peter N. , Shaw Pamela J. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractAstrocytes are the most numerous cell type within the central nervous system (CNS) and perform a variety of tasks, from axon guidance and synaptic support, to the control of the blood brain barrier and blood flow. To perform these roles, there is a great variety of astrocytes. In this review, we summarize the function of astrocytes, in particular, their role in maintaining homeostasis at the synapse, regulating neuronal signaling, protecting neurons from oxidative damage, and determining the fate of endogenous neural precursors. The review also highlights recent developments indicating the role of astrocytes in motor neuron disease (MND), emphasizing their potential as therapeutic targets and agents in cell replacement therapy. The Cu‐Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) gene that has been implicated in 20% of cases of familial MND must be expressed in the glial cells as well as motor neurons to produce the disease state in murine models of disease. Selectively reducing mutant SOD1 (mSOD1) in astrocytes does not affect disease onset but slows disease progression, whereas reducing mSOD1 in motor neurons delays disease onset and slows early disease but has less effect on life span. This suggests that glial cells represent potential therapeutic targets in MND. However, the lack of specific markers for astrocytes, their precursors, and sub‐types means that our knowledge of astrocyte development/differentiation and response to injury lags far behind our understanding of function. Only by filling this knowledge gap can astrocytes be effectively targeted or replaced to successfully treat chronic CNS disorders such as MND. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.