bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wilde's Transgressive Aesthetic and Contemporary Cultural Politics
Authors: Dollimore Jonathan 
Published: October 2011

AbstractOscar Wilde's transgressive aesthetic relates to contemporary theoretical debates in at least three respects: first, the dispute about whether the inversion of binary opposites subverts, or, on the contrary, reinforces the order which those binaries uphold; second, the political importance — or irrelevance — of decentring the subject; third, post-modernism and one of its more controversial features: the so-called disappearance of the depth model, especially the model of a deep human subjectivity, and the cultural and political ramifications of this. It is said that Wildean inversion disturbs nothing; by merely reversing the terms of the binary, inversion remains within its limiting framework: an inverted world can only be righted, not changed. There are two responses to this, one theoretical, the other historical. This chapter takes the theoretical first, since it is necessarily both a general question about deconstruction, and a specific question about the binary and its inversion.
Tragedy and Containment
Authors: Dollimore Jonathan 
Published: October 2011

AbstractMagnus Hirschfeld was one of those in the late 19th and early 20th centuries conducting a ‘scientific’ study of homosexuality, and arguing against its association with evil. Sigmund Freud moved in a different direction to Hirschfeld, emphasising not so much the homosexual as different from, but rather as similar to, the heterosexual. This produced the terrible irony, and a supreme instance of the recasting of victim as aggressor: when homosexuals were being murdered by the fascists, it could be said: ‘eradicate the homosexual and fascism will disappear’. No less important than the containment which involves the demonising of minority groups, and the turning of progress into reaction, is the containment which destroys difference through a coerced conformity masquerading as voluntary submission.
Augustine: Perversion and Privation
Authors: Dollimore Jonathan 
Published: October 2011

AbstractSaint Augustine has been seen to be one of the few great (male) geniuses who changed the direction of civilisation. This book does not share this view of Augustine or his place in history. From the point of view of the book, Augustine was the product of a Christian narrative which he powerfully influenced and within which he has been scripted ever since; the synthesis, development, suppression, and innovation which characterised his own work has been continued with its subsequent transmission. Augustine regarded sin as intrinsic to human nature and always bound up with perversion, transgression, and death: the perversion of free will leads man to transgress, and it is transgression which brings death into the world. However, evil is not a force or entity in its own right, nor was it a part of nature; evil should be understood as privation, a lack of good.
Perversion, Power, and Social Control
Authors: Dollimore Jonathan 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThis book suggests that the most significant recent theory of perversion derives from one of the most influential critics, Michel Foucault. This chapter considers Foucault's account, after a brief look at deviance theories. In important respects Foucault's analysis of sexual deviance would seem to meet some important objections, at least to the extent that he discovers not the rejuvenative or insightful potential of deviance, but the insidious, manipulative complexities of power, and the paradoxical relationship of deviants. He begins from the fundamental proposition that sexuality is not a stubborn drive or a natural force which civilisation seeks to sublimate, hold in check, or otherwise regulate; it is rather ‘a historical construct’ which enables the operation of power relations. The power that controls sexuality does not primarily work through prohibition, law, or taboo, thereby establishing the boundaries of the permissible.
Homophobia (1): Sexual/Political Deviance
Authors: Dollimore Jonathan 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe charge of homophobia is itself a kind of reverse discourse facilitated by the dynamic of perversion itself. As Ken Plummer observes, whereas once it was the homosexual who was viewed as sick, now it might be the heterosexual who is charged with pathology. Most provocatively, those gender anxieties are found to harbour a repressed homosexuality. The reversal remains inadequate in that it conceives of homophobia in mainly psychosexual terms, and phobic ones at that. The broad sense in which this chapter uses homophobia is loosely descriptive of a manifest phenomenon: the hatred, fear, and persecution of, the raging at, homosexuality and homosexuals. Here the chapter focuses on the genealogy of two aspects of discrimination, namely, displacement between the political deviance and sexual deviance, and the idea of perversion as an inimical absence.
The First Tetralogy and King John
Authors: Erskine-Hill Howard 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
When Shakespeare chose to produce a sequence of plays on the reign of King Henry VI he was choosing material of traditional and orthodox significance, of relatively recent relevance, and of current topical interest. Traditionally, the reign was a terrible example of misrule, political and military failure, and escalating civil war. Like Gorboduc, nearly thirty years earlier, the Henry VI plays made their immediate impact by the kind of telling contrast with the present which carried a grim warning. That the reign displayed features ‘for the which God is often angry with princes’, as Wentworth had recently argued, was clear to all, though opinions might divide as to why these appalling developments had occurred. Despite the obvious theme of order and disorder to which Tillyard most notably drew attention, no clear providential explanation is prominently advanced in the text. The great providential scheme of Hall, showing how England suffered for the deposition of Richard II, is nowhere explicit. Those who comment upon England's woes attribute them firmly to evident short-term causes, for example the unscrupulous ambition of the great nobles and the weakness of the inexperienced young king.
Post-Revolutionary Tragedy
Authors: Erskine-Hill Howard 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
Samson Agonistes and Don Sebastian are tragedies of alien setting, of the Hebrew faith in Philistia, of the Christian faith in Africa. When they were made public their authors were something like internal exiles. The London Milton had praised in Areopagitica, the London Dryden had praised in Annus Mirabilis had been overthrown by the revolutions of 1660 and 1688 respectively. For each poet the good city did not abide: alienation sharpened the metaphor of the wilderness. The post-revolutionary tragedy of Milton and Dryden is discussed here.
Narrativity and its Definitions
Authors: Sturgess Philip J. M. 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
This chapter provides a detailed effort of clarification concerning the idea of narrativity. It begins by considering the relationship which exists, or fails to exist, between this concept and two important critical ideas, that already evoked of a grammar of narrative and that of ‘deep narrative structures’. Narrativity may be thought of as the enabling force of narrative, a force that is present at every point in the narrative and thus always operates syntagmatically.
A Story of Narrativity in Ulysses
Authors: Sturgess Philip J. M. 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
This chapter aims to tell a story, namely the story of narrativity discerned in Joyce's novel Ulysses. The ‘story of narrativity’ means the story of the way in which a narrative unfolds along its syntagmatic course, the story of the causal moves which determine that unfolding at every point. This story will of course incorporate the represented story in some fashion or other.
The Future of an Illusion
Authors: Mcfarland Thomas 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
This chapter speculates on the possible changes or developments in the future conception of freedom. It suggests that the emergence of new and augmenting social process constitutes a continuing constriction even to the illusion of freedom. The most compelling of the many changes in society have a compressing effect on the transcendent dimensions so necessary to human dignity; and the benign changes provide inadequate recompense for a loss so grave.
Indian Dyarchy, 1916–1919
Authors: Lavin Deborah 
Published: October 2011

AbstractCurtis went to India at the invitation of Sir James Meston, Governor of the United Provinces, advising unofficially on the constitutional changes that were to set India on the path to Dominion status. He had found a new line of approach that neither the Indian nationalists nor the Government of India had thought of applying to internal politics: the consideration of how far India should be adapted for inclusion on a Commonwealth of nations. He altered his plans and decided to stay in India indefinitely to publicise dyarchy and Commonwealth. He worked a practical example of dyarchy as it would apply to the United Provinces, and published in an open letter Letter to Bhupendra Nath Basu. He wanted the dyarchy scheme to be radical yet simple. Curtis had influenced the idea of dualistic dyarchy, its application in practice, and its acceptance in India and in England.
International Relations and Anglo-Saxon Attitudes
Authors: Lavin Deborah 
Published: October 2011

AbstractCurtis enunciated a new vision of Commonwealth as the starting-point for a League of Nations in which the English-speaking peoples and their dependencies would have a pioneering role to play. He was helped to this view by a new recruit to the Round Table Alfred Zimmerman, who introduced him to the League of Free Nations Association. To Curtis, with its colonial past and classic federalism, America was an example of international relations. Curtis saw the creation of the British Institute of International Affairs. He also developed a plan for a joint meeting of Chatham House, the Council on Foreign Relations, and the Williamstown Institute of Politics. The relations of the Commonwealth to the international scene posed a problem to Chatham House. Curtis was not successful in persuading the Council to make a permanent commitment to the International of Pacific Relations.
The Lost Causes of Lionel Curtis
Authors: Lavin Deborah 
Published: October 2011

AbstractCurtis presented three conundrums that need to be stated and resolved. The most fundamental was the problem of how his prophetic and ethical visions related to his interventions in practical politics. The peculiarity of Curtis was that he refused to acknowledge that there was any hiatus between the ideal and the reality. The second was how to account for the fact that although Curtis's central idea — imperial federation or organic union — was out of date by the time of the First World War, he nevertheless continued to propound on it one form or another for the rest of his life. The third: given the implausibility of Curtis's gospel, and the imperviousness of the official mind to his central prophecy, was how the extent of his influence in practical politics should be accounted for.
Introduction
Authors: Gurr Andrew 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThis section of the book gives a detailed history of one or more of the individual playing companies known to have performed in London between about 1560 and 1642. To the end of each history is attached a list of the plays, the players, and other known helpers, the company’s playing-places in London, a record of its appearances in different parts of the country on tour, and its appearances at court. This last item is the factor that largely determines the inclusion of the company in these chapters, since none of the commercial companies is known to have presented a play at court unless it had been performing in London at some point in the preceding autumn, and its play had been approved then by the Master of the Revels. The lists of entries from the provincial records about the companies on their travels that appear at the end of each chapter are given here in the most concise form practicable.
Arnobius and the Age of Diocletian
Authors: Simmons Michael Bland 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
This chapter presents an introduction to Arnobius, his work, and the main issues of the age in which he lived. The first section examines to what extent, based upon Jerome's testimony and the Adversus nationes itself, Arnobius can be described as a representative of the Church. The second section provides a panoramic view of the pagan intellectual background to the Great Persecution. It surveys Porphyry of Tyre and Hierocles as the main leaders of the pagan intelligentsia. Some of the important questions here are: Did the anti-Christian propaganda published before the outbreak of persecution have a causal effect upon the State's official decision to mount its greatest attack upon the Church in its history? What were the main themes in the pagan attack upon Christianity? What specific role, if any, did such Hellenists as Porphyry and Hierocles play? The final section deals with the Great Persecution under Diocletian during the period ad 302–5.
The Date of the Adversus Nationes
Authors: Simmons Michael Bland 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
Beginning with Conrad Orelli's Arnobii afri disputationum adversus gentes libri vii in 1816 and continuing to the present, modern scholars have not reached a consensus concerning the date in which Arnobius of Sicca Veneria wrote his Adversus nations in seven books. The suggested dates of the work have ranged from ad 295 to 320. Most historians and classicists who have studied the work in any detail are usually content with the general chronological designation of either before, during, or after the Diocletianic Persecution. Jerome's Chronicon is the earliest of the five writings in which Arnobius is named. This chapter shows that Arnobius began to write the Adversus nations no earlier than the last quarter of ad 302, and finished book 7 before the persecution had ended, and thus sacrifice was a contemporary issue, probably sometime during the first half of 305.
Introduction
Authors: Kerler Dov-Ber 
Published: October 2011

AbstractIn the late eighteenth century, the European continent was recovering from the effects brought about by Khmelnitsky's massacres. Literature was not spared from this violence. Books and publications were destroyed, and writing was forced to come to a halt. Only a few books were left to serve as material evidence and as a reference of the time before the start of the nineteenth century. The work featured in this chapter is said to be one of the earliest to have an Eastern Yiddish form. This, as would be expected, is about the time of the massacres and the strife and oppression they caused. The publication had no indication of any date or time when it was written, but its structure spoke for the time it represented due to its structure and form.
The Emergence of Common Eastern Yiddish (Proto-Standard Yiddish)
Authors: Kerler Dov-Ber 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe continuous modernization was literally the constant production of new and fresh features and concepts. Grammatical reconstruction and future-tense auxiliary are some examples of these. The different regional dialects in Eastern Yiddish languages have produced an entirely new literature language, springing forth to become the modern and contemporary text. They further paved the way to new frontiers in Yiddish literature. This chapter discusses the most important and significant components of morphological and morpho-syntactic changes that can be seen as milestones during this area, particularly those of the late eighteenth-century Eastern Yiddish. Some of these include the diminutive features of morphological patterns, abstract noun formation, pronominal adjectives, possessive pronouns, and the preterite, among others. It is a very extensive and broad field, about which there is yet a lot more to discover.
The Candid Conte: Candide ou lʼoptimisme
Authors: PEARSON ROGER 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
This chapter discusses Candide, which is considered to be Voltaire's longest and funniest story. Some have even considered it to be the best of all the possible contes. Candide is an important work of Voltaire. Most of Voltaire's literary ingredients that have been previously used in his past works are all used in the Candide, making it difficult for writers to surpass the standards set by this story.
Fules Supervielle, Gravitations (1925/1932)
Authors: Scott Clive 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThis chapter discusses Jules Supervielle's poems and the prevailing prosody of displacement found in his poetry. The chapter also examines the different Superviellean strategies employed by Supervielle in his poems. Once again, the elements of rhythm, metre, and scansion are discussed and examined within the context of Supervielle' Gravitations and his other poems. In addition, this chapter looks into the differences between Perse and Supervielle through the difference of the forms of free verse they employ.
Gender and Language: The Womanly Woman and Manly Writing
Authors: BIEDER MARYELLEN 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThis chapter examines the reception of women's writing, the way in which they are read as conforming to or violating the contemporary construction of gender. The reclassification of women's writing from an implicitly inferior ‘not-male’ to an androgynous ‘manlike’ reaches beyond the obvious examples of the mid-century Getrudis Gómez de Avellaneda and the late-century Pardo Bazán to other women as well. This chapter also examines attempts by Pardo Bazán, Concepción Gimeno de Flaquer, and other women to renegotiate the separate spheres of gendered writing and to claim for some women the neutral status of poeta. Poetry is the only form of creative authorship that can be designated with a neutral term in Spanish, since the single word conflates the two genders and can thus serve to name either a female or a male poet.
Gender and National Identity: The Novel in Nineteenth-Century Spanish Literary History
Authors: BLANCO ALDA 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThis chapter charts the critical tradition's transformation of women as subjects of writing and reading into objects of blame and their subsequent exclusion from the text of literary history. That women should be the ones to bear the burden of blame should come as no surprise. However, to invoke misogyny alone as an explanation of José Montesinos's indictment of the woman reader is not enough. Misogyny cannot explain a critical tradition which, from the outset, relentlessly, and maybe even obsessively, inscribed the figure of woman into its discourse as its object of blame. Rather, the chapter suggests that by mapping out the discursive underpinnings of the ideological project of Spanish literary scholarship with relation to gender, one can begin to elucidate the original nexus that forged its construction.
Woman as Language in the First Series of Galdós's Episodios nacionales
Authors: UREY DIANE FAYE 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
The First Series of Benito Pérez Galdós's Episodios nacionales marks a new era in Spanish literary history. Written between 1873 and 1875 these ten ‘historical novels’ helped pave the way for the tremendous rise of the novel in the late 19th century. Their immense popularity was a major contribution to the formation of an enthusiastic reading public in Spain. Although they have often been considered thinly fictionalised, they also display an acute awareness of the equivocal relationships between language and world, fiction and history. Galdós's first Episodios nacionales constantly reveal paradoxes that question the ability of language to mean. They effectively demonstrate how traditional approaches to historical discourse or the realist novel lead only to the repetition of the same unsatisfactory, if not trite, conclusions about the individual and the world. In fully half of Galdós's seventy-eight novels women characters are protagonists, and they serve as central figures in nearly all of them.
Introduction
Authors: Hammond Nicholas 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
L24 constitutes the only fragment where ‘la condition de l'homme’ is directly named. Moreover, the Recueil original clearly shows that Blaise Pascal wrote each term with a capital letter, a point which all editors have ignored. The lack of any subordinate clauses leaves the fragment open ended: each of the nouns is open to interpretation, an activity in itself which indicates man's corruption. Thus, the combination of these factors leads one to look elsewhere in the fragmentary text for examples where the terms inconstance, ennui, and inquiétude are more fully developed. The patterning of L24 should also be considered. It has been well established that the word order and patterning play an essential stylistic role in the Pensées. This book shows in many respects how the terms depicting restlessness, inconstance and inquiétude, are closely related to one another, but also how both nouns point toward ennui and ennui refers back to them.
Inconstance
Authors: Hammond Nicholas 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
Inconstance occurs the least number of times in the Pensées of the three nouns which appear in L24. Situated as the final word, it offsets the structural symmetry of the fragment, thereby drawing particular attention to it. The scarcity of the use of inconstance in other fragments serves to highlight its significance in those passages where it appears in a prominent position. A major context in which inconstantia traditionally appears is in its contrast to the Stoic and neo-Stoic conception of constantia. The theme of inconstancy, of the changeability of all earthly things is one which recurs throughout writings known to Blaise Pascal. As Philippe Sellier has clearly shown, the Bible, especially Psalms 101 and 136 and St Augustine's commentaries on them, were a major source of inspiration to Pascal. In them, through the repetition of the Latin terms inconstantia and instabilitas, the mutability of human life is contrasted with the constancy of God.
A Stricken Place: The Condition of American Public Television
Authors: Tracey Michael 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAmerican public television approached 1995 in the knowledge that the Republican Party now controlled Congress and, in the shape of Representative Newt Gingrich, would be asking some difficult questions about federal support for the Corporation for Public Broadcasting and thus in part for the whole system. It approached the coming storm in a particularly ill-prepared way. Much of its difficulties were obviously not of its own making. The decline of the public sector was by this date a universal phenomenon. In the United States, almost uniquely, there was no profound guiding theology. Localism was built into the structure of public broadcasting from its inception. Public television was never meant to have the significance and centrality of public broadcasting in other countries. This condition was a deliberate act of political vandalism. In short, much of the public broadcasting community was in denial, shackled to its own ways of seeing.