bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Macro-chiral liquid crystal quantum dots enable large asymmetric circularly polarized luminescence
Authors: Yu huanan , Zhang Kaige , Yu Qiqu , Zhang Jingji , Redshaw Carl , Chen Zhonghui , Zeng Jiaxuan , Sun Zixu , Xu Dongdong , Mehl Georg H 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Circularly polarized luminescent (CPL) materials have garnered considerable interest for a variety of advanced optical applications, including three-dimensional (3D) imaging, data encryption, and asymmetric catalysis. However, the development of high-performce CPL has been hindered by the absence of simple synthetic methods for chiral luminescent emitters that exhibit both high quantum yields and dissymmetry factors. In this study, we present an innovative approach for the synthesis of macro-chiral liquid crystal quantum dots (Ch-QDs/LC) and their CPL performance enhancement through doping with 4-cyano-4’-pentylbiphenyl (5CB), thus yielding a spiral emission generator (SEG). The Ch-QDs/LCs were synthesized and their surfaces functionalized with a chiral mesogenic ligand, specifically cholesteryl benzoate, anchored via a lipoic acid linker. Under the regulation of chiral 2S-Zn2+ coordination complexes, the chiral LC encapsulation process promotes coordinated ligand substitution, resulting in an exceptional quantum yield of 56.3%. This is accompanied by high absorption dissymmetry factor (gabs) and luminescence dissymmetry factor (glum) values ranging from 10-3 to 10-2, surpassing most reported dissymmetry factors by at least an order of magnitude. The modular Ch-QDs/LCs demonstrate the ability to transfer chirality to the surrounding medium efficiently and manifest macro-chiral characteristics within a nematic LC matrix. Utilizing Ch-QDs/LC as an effective CPL emitter within achiral 5CB matrices enabled the system to achieve a maximum glum of 0.35. The resultant SEG device acted as a direct CPL source, initiating enantioselective photopolymerization and, thus, paving the way for novel applications of chiroptical materials in practical optical devices.
Design of 2.45 GHz Rectifier for Low-Power RF Energy Harvesting Applications
Authors: Omara Fayrouz , Ali Wael , Eltrass Ahmed , Abbasy Nabil 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The rising demand across various applications has spurred growth in the energy harvesting, which is a novel means to generate energy and provide energy to low-power devices utilizing the available resources. The primary part of energy harvesting systems that convert RF energy to DC power from existing sources is known as a rectifier. The objective of this study is to create an innovative rectifying circuit designed for energy harvesting at 2.45 GHz. The primary aim is to enhance the output voltage compared to existing rectifier circuits such as the Dickson and Cockcroft-Walton configurations. The proposed rectifier circuit exhibits exceptional output threshold and maximum output voltage. Moreover, it achieves a significantly improved power conversion efficiency (PCE), with an enhancement of 43% for the Dickson rectifier and 47% for the Cockcroft-Walton rectifier. To develop and evaluate the suggested rectifier circuit, simulations are performed utilizing the Schottky diode HSMS 285C. The input power range considered for the simulations varies from -20 dBm to 35 dBm. To validate the simulation results, fabricated models for the three prominent topologies have been developed, and the simulation and measurement outcomes agree well, confirming the suitability of the proposed topology for harvesting RF Wi-Fi signals. Results demonstrate that the presented rectifier surpasses the operational attributes of the conventional the rectifying networks in relation to output voltage and PCE.
Radiopaque thermosensitive Pickering emulsion vascular embolist for permanent arterial embolization
Authors: Li Ling , Chen Ning , Cheng Guotao , Liu Anna , Zhang Ling , Xing Jun , Cao Yanyan , Yu Houqiang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The emergence of liquid embolic agents has advanced the utilization of transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE). Unlike the conventional solid embolic agent (gelatin sponge/PVA),which lacks developmental properties and necessitates lipiodol combination for efficacy, leading to a cumbersome two-step embolization process, there is a need for an embolic material capable of carrying imaging effects and displaying favorable cell compatibility to enhance clinical treatment outcomes. Wehave developed a novel liquid embolic material, poly (N-isopropylacrylamide)-co-acrylic acid nanogels (PNAs). By blending PNAs with lipiodol using a medical three-way tube, we obtain a thermosensitive lipiodol gel emulsion (TLGE). This material exhibits excellent temperature sensitivity and biocompatibility, with TLGE demonstrating fluidity and X-ray contrast in the decellularized liver model. This embolization technique necessitates only a single injection, allowing for quick mixing and usage, greatly benefiting clinicians. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA)facilitates intraoperative imaging, real-time embolization process monitoring, and prevention of inadvertent embolization and arterial leakage, ensuring precise embolization treatment for arterial vessels. Over a 42-day period of embolization of the right renal artery in New Zealand rabbits, there were no instances of vessel recanalization or damage to other target organs. Consequently, this innovative temperature-sensitive material holds substantial promise in TAE surgery.
WITHDRAWN: Short-term Charging Load Forecasting for Electric Vehicles with a Multilayer LSTM Model Considering Sliding Windows and Online Learning
Authors: Yang Ye , Wang Wen , Li PeiJun , Qin Jian , Yang XinQiao , Li YaNan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

As the large-scale development of electric vehicles (EVs), accurate short-term charging load forecasting for EVs is the basis of vehicle to grid (V2G) interaction. In this paper, considering the uncertainties of EV users' charging behavior, a multi-layer Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model considering sliding windows and online learning is proposed for short-term forecasting. Several typical features including peak and valley tariffs, environment temperature, charging date, charging time, historical average charging load are extracted considering their correlations with charging load. A multilayer LSTM model considering sliding window is proposed by inputting the typical feature matrix, and an online learning method is added to the model to improve the processing speed of the model for fast and accurate short-term charging load prediction. Finally, the proposed multilayer LSTM model considering sliding window and online learning is demonstrated to have unique advantages in terms of robustness, processing speed and prediction accuracy through practical examples.
A panel of cancer testis antigens in pan squamous cell carcinomas: implication for biomarkers and therapeutic targets
Authors: Li Lin , Yan Jiayao , Chen Tingting , Guo Jingyi , Liu Fangcen , Wei Xiao , Fu Yao , Liu Qin , Wang Kongcheng , Liu Baorui 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the expression of seven cancer testis antigens (MAGE-A1, MAGE-A4, MAGE-A10, MAGE-A11, PRAME, NY-ESO-1 and KK-LC-1) in pan squamous cell carcinoma and their prognostic value, thus assessing the potential of these CTAs as immunotherapeutic targets. The protein expression of these CTAs was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 60 lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), 62 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCA) and 62 head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC). The relationship between CTAs expression and progression-free survival (PFS) was assessed. PD-L1 expression and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes were also collected and correlated with CTAs expression. The prognostic impact of CTAs gene expression was evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier Plotter website. CTAs expression was 0–48% in ESCA, 3%-77% in LUSC, and 3%-71% in HNSC. Analysis of PFS showed that MAGE-A1 expression in HNSC (p < 0.01), PRAME in LUSC (p = 0.008), MAGE-A10 (p = 0.012) and PRAME (p = 0.021) in ESCA were significantly correlated with PFS. In all three cancers, coexpression of three CTAs was used as a cutoff value for grouping, and the results showed a significant difference in PFS between these two groups. Moreover, CTAs expression was significantly correlated with PD-L1 expression and T cell infiltration. These findings indicate a high incidence of CTA expression in HNSC, LUSC and ESCA, which was correlated with PD-L1 expression, T cell infiltration, and tumor progression. The results suggest that cancer testis antigens could be feasible vaccine targets in squamous cell carcinoma.
A Comprehensive Logging Evaluation Method for Identifying High-Quality Shale Gas Reservoirs Based on Multifractal Spectra Analysis
Authors: Bi Xueli , Li Juhua , Lian Cuihao 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Conventional logging interpretation methods can help to qualitatively identify shale reservoirs using shale attribute parameters and interpretation templates. However, improving the identification accuracy of complex shale reservoirs is challenging due to the numerous evaluation parameters and the complexity of model calculations. This study examines the JY6-2 and JY10-4 wells in the Fuling shale gas field as examples to effectively quantify the characteristics of high-quality shale reservoirs. We establish a comprehensive evaluation method for identifying high-quality shale gas reservoirs, utilizing multi-fractal spectra analysis of well logs. First, the conventional well logs are qualitatively analyzed and evaluated using the methods of multiple fractals and R/S analysis. Subsequently, a gray relational analysis is employed to combine the production well logs, which reflect dimensionless productivity contributions, with the fractal characteristics of conventional well logs to obtain the corrected weight multifractal spectrum width ∆α' and the fractal dimension D'. The comprehensive fractal evaluation indexes λ and γ are introduced, forming three categories of productivity evaluation standards for shale gas reservoirs characterized by fractals. The calculation results show that the ∆α' comprehensive fractal evaluation index for Class I gas reservoirs is 0.6 λ< 1, and the D' comprehensive fractal evaluation index is 0 γ < 0.5; for Class II gas reservoirs, the ∆α' comprehensive fractal evaluation index is 0.25 λ < 0.6, and the D' comprehensive fractal evaluation index is 0.5 γ < 0.8; for Class III gas reservoirs, the ∆α' comprehensive fractal evaluation index is 0 λ < 0.25, and the D' comprehensive fractal evaluation index is 0.8 γ < 1. Overall, the comprehensive fractal evaluation index of the high-production wells ∆α' is close to 1 and shows a decreasing trend from high to low production; the comprehensive fractal evaluation index of the low-production wells with the R/S fractal dimension D' is close to 1 and shows a decreasing trend from low-production to high-production. Finally, Well JY8-2 is employed as a validation well to demonstrate the effectiveness of the evaluation method. This research method is a simple way to extract the multifractal spectra based on conventional logging data to evaluate comprehensive sweet spot zones. It is of great significance for identifying high-quality reservoir areas in shale gas reservoirs, and provides technical support for the effective development of shale reservoirs on a large scale.
The impact of a multidisciplinary intervention to reduce severe retinopathy of prematurity in Kampala, Uganda
Authors: Rodriguez Sarah , Kirabira Victoria , Vaucher Yvonne , Namakula Lucy , Kasozi Sarah , Ells Anna , Blair Michael , Isenberg Sherwin , Lambert Scott 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background: To address the threat of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), the Stop Infant Blindness in Africa (SIBA) project introduced a comprehensive program, including subspecialty training and oxygen management equipment.
Methods: A before-and-after retrospective cohort study compared preterm infants <1750g or <34 weeks’ gestation before (2022) and after (2023) program implementation. Outcomes included: the proportion with severe ROP, the proportion with Zone III vascularization on first examination, and factors associated with severe ROP.
Results: Overall, 140 infants were screened before and 122 after program implementation. The proportion with Zone III vascularization increased from 16.1% (N=11) pre-intervention to 44.9% (N=32) post-intervention (p=0.001). The proportion with severe ROP decreased from 27.8% (N=19) to 12.8% (N=9, p=0.03). Factors predicting severe ROP on adjusted analyses were gestational age and blood transfusion.
Conclusion: In SSA, introduction of a comprehensive program to prevent and treat ROP can decrease the risk of severe ROP.
Early administration of anamorelin improves cancer cachexia in patients with gastrointestinal cancer
Authors: Matsumoto Toshihiko , Cho Sien , Nakasya Akio , Nagai Hiroki , Satake Hironaga , Yasui Hisateru 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Purpose: To report the efficacy of anamorelin in patients with colorectal and gastric cancer with cachexia and in those receiving systemic chemotherapy.
Methods: We retrospectively collected real-world data from patients with colorectal and gastric cancer with cachexia who received anamorelin. Efficacy was assessed based on appetite improvement and body weight (BW) gain.
Results: Forty-three patients with cancer and cachexia received anamorelin between June 2021 and October 2022 (23 with gastric cancer, 20 with colorectal cancer). The median observation time was 7.3 months, 25 patients were male, the median age was 71 years, the median body mass index was 19.7, and the ECOG PS 0/1/2 ratio was 4/33/6. Seven patients received best supportive care only, and 36 received concomitant chemotherapy with anamorelin. Thirty-four patients received prior chemotherapy with two or fewer regimens, while nine received three or more regimens. The median anamorelin treatment duration was 2.8 months, and overall survival (OS) from the first anamorelin administration was 7.3 months. Twenty-four and 21 patients experienced appetite improvement and BW gain, respectively, at 3 weeks, as did 20 and 15 at 12 weeks, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, anamorelin administration before second-line chemotherapy and colorectal cancer correlated with appetite improvement and BW gain after 3 weeks. Furthermore, anamorelin administration before second-line chemotherapy correlated with BW gain after 12 weeks in the univariate analysis, and OS significantly improved in patients with BW gain after 12 weeks.
Conclusion: Early anamorelin contributes to appetite improvement and BW gain in colorectal and gastric cancer with cachexia.
Pixel-level attention based data compression for spike camera
Authors: Li Yansong , Huang Xiaofeng , Li Shangqia , Cui Yan , Zhou Yang , song Jian , Yin Haibing 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

With the rapid development of autonomous driving applications, there is an increasing demand for high-speed vision sensors, like spike cameras. However, the data transmission and storage requirements are becoming increasingly burdensome due to the high temporal resolution, such as 40,000Hz. To resolve this problem, we propose a pixel-level attention-based data compression method for the spike camera. Firstly, the input spike data is partitioned into two block types by pixel-level attention-based method. Then, the two blocks are condensed using different methods, and side information marking is transmitted for spike decoding. Finally, the condensed spike and side information marking are compressed into a binary stream for storage. Experimental results show that our method achieves higher compression efficiency than conventional methods. The decompressed spike can also reconstruct the image with better visual quality.
Comparison of Ganglion Cell Layer thickness and Pattern Electroretinography among glaucoma suspects and healthy controls
Authors: Nanda Jayadev , Saha Bhawesh Chandra , Raj Amit , Singh Prabhakar , Sinha Prerna 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To evaluate the difference in ganglion cell layer (GCL) thickness on optical coherence tomography (OCT) and wave forms on pattern electroretinography (PERG) among glaucoma suspects and healthy controls
Methods
An analytical, cross-sectional study was done on 100 eyes of 50 subjects, equally divided in the glaucoma suspect and control group. Subjects with an asymmetrically increased vertical cup-to-disc ratio and without any perimetric change were taken as suspects, and subjects with normal findings were taken as controls. GCL thickness was evaluated on spectral domain OCT at 3mm, 3.45mm, and 6mm centering the foveola, and P50, N95 wave forms were recorded according to the standard PERG protocol.
Results
In this study, we observed that the average GCL thickness is significantly less in glaucoma suspects at 3.45mm (p = 0.045) and at 6mm (p < 0.001) circle zone. On PERG, P50 amplitude was significantly low in glaucoma suspects in comparison to controls (p = 0.007). There was significantly increased implicit time for both P50 and N95 in glaucoma suspects (p < 0.001). For N95 amplitude, a non-significant (p = 0.127) difference was observed among the two groups. At 3.45mm, average GCL thickness showed a weak negative correlation with N95 implicit time (r=-0.286, p = 0.044), a weak positive correlation with P50 amplitude (r = 0.349, p = 0.013), and at 6 mm, a weak positive correlation with P50 amplitude (r = 0.311, p = 0.028) in glaucoma suspects.
Conclusions
Thickness analysis of GCL alone can help in the structural assessment of preperimetric glaucoma. PERG can be used as a valuable tool for the detection of ganglion cell dysfunction, even before cell loss.
Study of quasi two-phase flow for gun barrel with leakage
Authors: Feng Guotong , Geng Xuehao , Zhou Kedong , Zhang Yingqi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

This paper is devoted to research the core flow of gun barrel with leakage. In order to built the correspondence between fired rounds and inner bore size, the comprehensive life test of gun barrel is conducted and the inner bore erosion model of gun barrel is built based on measurement data of inner bore size. Then an interior ballistic model of quasi two-phase flow with leakage is built by combining this erosion model and hydrodynamic theory. The core flow parameters of barrel with and without leakage are solved by programming respectively, the validity of the interior ballistic model and simulation results are verified by muzzle velocity test and chamber pressure test. Through analysis of the simulation results, several distribution lows of core flow in gun barrel with leakage are obtained. By fired rounds increase,the gas leakage occurs more and more early and the velocity of leaked gas gets larger, while the flow field parameters of projectile bottom all decrease.
Determining optimum plant density and nitrogen rate using field experiment and model simulation
Authors: Desta Bizuwork Tafes , Tesema Sisay Eshetu , Gezahegn Almaz Meseret , Zemede Almayehu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Low crop management practices were the key factors that leads to a significant reduction in durum wheat yield in the central highlands of Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to determine optimum plant density and nitrogen rate that increase durum wheat productivity while reducing environmental impacts. A combination of data from field experiments conducted from 2017 to 2020 under rainfed conditions and simulation data of CERES-Wheat model were used for this study. The CERES-Wheat model was calibrated for Utuba cultivar from three-years (2017 to 2019) field experiment data. The model was further verified with the experimental data conducted during the 2020 cropping season under four plant densities and four nitrogen fertilizer rates. Differences in temperature and rainfall patterns during the potential growing season, seasonal analysis was used to determine the optimum plant density and N rate using 37 years (1985–2022) of historical weather data. The simulation results suggested that 275 plants m − 2 with an application of 250 kg ha− 1 N increased grain yield, improved nitrogen use, and produced the highest economic return while minimizing environmental risk under rainfed conditions. Compared with the current plant density (175 plants m− 2) and N fertilizer (100 kg ha− 1), plant density (275 plants m− 2 with 250 kg ha− 1 N) rate increased grain yield by about 49%, N use efficiency by 23% with the highest net return (2114 US$ ha− 1). In general, this study showed that the CERES-Wheat model can be a promising tool for providing crop management recommendations under rainfed durum wheat farming.
Janus Hollow Microstructures via an Interfacial Phase
Hydrogen Bond Network
Authors: Duan Ming , Xu Yinan , Zhao Lei , Wang Jingyi , Xiong Yan , Fang Shenwen , Li Keran , Zhang Chunpeng , Li Jiaxue , Deng Min , Ye Hao 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Janus hollow microstructures have been widely used in chemistry, medicine, biology, and materials science because of their anisotropy and hollow structure. Constructing multiple types of hollow microstructures and establishing structure–property relationships remain challenging. Here, the present authors developed a one-pot polymerization strategy for constructing Janus hollow microstructures in which deep eutectic solvents (DESs) completely replaced water as the continuous phase. A range of Janus hollow microstructures was produced with various compositions, as well as various ratios of the hydrophilic part and film thickness. Consequently, their corresponding morphologies ranged from 3D-like forms (such as spherical and bowl shape) to 2D-like forms (including pie shape, vesicle shape, and vacuum-bag-like). There were hydrogen bond interactions between the DESs and hydrophobic monomers. Hence, hydrogen bond networks formed at the DES–oil interface during the polymerization, inducing free radical stabilization and monomer activation, which was the underlying mechanism for forming the Janus hollow structure. The polymerization strategy provides a faster, more convenient, and more universal way to prepare Janus hollow microstructures compared with conventional methods.
Modified passive leg-raising maneuver to predict fluid responsiveness by transthoracic ultrasound guidance in healthy pigs under sevoflurane anesthesia.
Authors: Tarragona Lisa , Donati Pablo , Zaccagnini Andrea , Fuensalida Santiago , Ceballos Martín , Díaz Alfredo , Nigro Néstor , Montagne Juan , Redondo José Ignacio , Otero Pablo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate whether the velocity-time integral of aortic blood flow (VTIAo) assessed by transthoracic echocardiography is significantly increased after passive leg-raising maneuver (PLRM) in anesthetized and mechanically ventilated fluid responder pigs. Eight healthy Landrace pigs were anesthetized, mechanically ventilated, and subjected to PLRM. Ultrasound-guided VTIAo measurements were taken before and after PLRM and compared to assess changes. Fluid challenge was then performed, and changes in VTIAo were assessed to classify pigs as fluid responders or non-responders. Following PLRM, fluid responders exhibited a significant increase in VTIAo compared to baseline (p = 0.017). An optimal cutoff of 11.2% for ΔVTIAo was calculated for predicting fluid responsiveness after PLRM, with an AUROC of 1.00 (95% CI not estimated – 1.00), sensitivity of 100% (95% CI 59 – 100%), specificity of 100% (95% CI 2.5–100%), positive predictive value of 100% (95% CI 59–100%), and a negative predictive value of 100% (95% CI 2.5–100%).
This study demonstrates the potential of using ultrasound-guided VTIAo measurements associated with PLRM to predict fluid responsiveness in anesthetized pigs. A ΔVTIAo value of ≥11.2% reliably identified fluid-responsive pigs under anesthesia and mechanical ventilation, offering a non-invasive alternative to fluid challenges. Further research addressing study limitations could enhance understanding of fluid responsiveness assessment in animal models.