bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PW01-100 - The Relationship Between Anxiety, Depression And Thyroid Function In Subjects On And Not On Thyroxine: The Hunt Population Study
Authors: Panicker V. , Evans J. , Bjøro T. , Ǻsvold B.O. , Dayan C.M. , Bjerkeset O. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectiveThere have been conflicting reports on the relationship between thyroid function and mood between studies in subjects on thyroxine and the general population not on thyroxine. We investigated this relationship in a large population study.DesignWe analysed data on serum TSH levels and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) scores from the HUNT 2 study (age ≥ 40 years). Following a test for interaction, analyses were performed separately in females on thyroxine (n=1,265) and in people not on thyroxine (males n=9,319 and females n=17,694).ResultsMore females on thyroxine had high depression and anxiety scores than females not on thyroxine (depression 18.4% vs 13.0%, p< 0.001, anxiety 23.4% vs 18.7% p< 0.001). In those not on thyroxine there was an inverse association between serum TSH and depression score in males (B coefficient = -0.61, 95% CI -0.91 to -0.24, p=0.001) though not in females (B coefficient = -0.07, -0.33 to 0.19), and an inverse association between TSH and anxiety score in both sexes (B coefficient for males = -0.68, 95% CI -1.04 to -0.32, p< 0.001; females -0.37, -0.67 to -0.08, p=0.01). By contrast, in females on thyroxine, TSH was positively associated with both depression (B coefficient = +0.27, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.51, p< 0.05) and anxiety (B coefficient = +0.29, 0.01 to 0.56, p< 0.05).ConclusionsThere is a different relationship between thyroid function and depression and anxiety in females on thyroxine compared to individuals with no thyroid disease.
PW01-103 - Serum Leptin Levels Are Associated With Low Social Ties And Depression
Authors: Haefner S. , Emeny R. , Zierer A. , Thorand B. , Herder C. , Koenig W. , Rupprecht R. , Ladwig K.-H. ,   Kora Investigators
Published: June 2010

ObjectiveTo examine whether depression or social isolation or the combination of both is associated with high leptin levels.Research methods and proceduresIn this cross-sectional study, the study population comprised 1229 subjects. Social network was assessed according to the Social Network Index initially designed for the Alameda study. Depression was assessed using the DEEX scale. Four categories were built: “socially integrated, not depressed”, “socially integrated, depressed”, “socially isolated, not depressed”, “socially isolated, depressed”. Serum leptin concentrations were assessed.Logistic regression was performed in men and women separately to investigate the influence of the three different categories “socially integrated, depressed”, “socially isolated, not depressed” and “socially isolated, depressed” in comparison with the reference category “socially integrated, not depressed”. The probability belonging to the upper 30% of leptin values was modelled. Four models were adjusted for BMI, age, lifestyle factors, psychosomatic complaints and metabolic variables.ResultsIn men, but not in women a significant effect could be seen. The combination of depressed state and social isolation was associated with a four fold increased risk of belonging to the group with the 30% highest leptin levels in men, whereas in women odds ratios did not reach significance.DiscussionMen, who were socially isolated and depressed, had an increased risk for high leptin levels. Therefore the combination of social isolation and depression, which is known to be associated with the worst outcome in cardiovascular disease, may have the potential to increase leptin levels in men.
PW01-110 - Associations Of Smoking, Exercise, And Alcohol Drinking With Poor Sleep Quality Of Japanese Civil Servants
Authors: Sekine M. , Tatsuse T. 
Published: June 2010

BackgroundSome of lifestyle factors may influence sleep quality. Because poor sleep quality is associated with an increased risk for various physical and mental diseases, it would be beneficial to identify lifestyle factors that may lead to poor sleep quality.MethodsThe subjects were 3341 employees (2280 males and 1061 females) aged 20-65 in local government in Japan. A questionnaire survey was conducted in January 2003. Sleep quality was evaluated using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). PSQI consists of 7 subscale scores generating a global PSQI score. In the present study, a subject with a global score of more than 5.5 was defined as having poor sleep quality. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to evaluate whether smoking, exercise, and alcohol drinking habits were independently associated with poor sleep quality, after adjustment for potential confounding factors.ResultsIn both men and women, current smokers were more likely to have poor sleep quality. While, in men, physical inactivity (exercise frequency of less than 1/week) were associated with poor sleep quality, there were no significant relationship between physical inactivity and poor sleep quality in women. While, in men, daily alcohol drinking was associated with better sleep quality, no significant associations of drinking frequency with sleep quality were found in women.ConclusionCurrent smoking may lead to poor sleep quality for both men and women, while the associations of physical inactivity and infrequent alcohol drinking with poor sleep quality were significant only for men. Longitudinal study is necessary to confirm the causality.
PW01-113 - Pilot Study Of The Characteristics In Patients With Dual Pathology In Comunidad De Madrid, Spain
Authors: Szerman N. , Mesías B. , Vega P. , Badurte I. 
Published: June 2010

The results of a pilot study of dual pathology will be presented in the poster. For that purpose, data of 400 patients from Centers of drug dependency attention - 65,25 %- and centers of mental health and Psychiatry services of Comunidad de Madrid - 34,75%- were gathered. Selection was made by incorporating to the study, retrospectively, the last 25 open histories in each of the participant centers.Results obtained in that study show with great detail, the characteristics of drug taking in patients with dual pathology of the sample, giving as a result that 57,35% took alcohol, 51,47% cocaine and 33,82 % opiate. These three substances were the ones mostly taken.Regarding the diagnosis in reference to the mental disorder or to the behavior of patients with dual pathology, The most frequent diagnosis is part of the affective disorders group (49,26%), followed by personality and behavioral disorders, that are diagnosed in a third part of patients with his pathology.Other mental disorders, like schizophrenia, appear less (9,56%). In comparison with patients of the dual pathology sample, statistics analysis made showed that affective disorder is associated to dual pathology with more statistic significance than in patients without this pathology (49,26% versus a 15,89%). A similar profile was found with personality disorders and adult behavior. Regarding schizophrenia and schizoid disorder, despite low impact of these disorders in the sample, it has been noticed a significant statistic association in the appearance of both diagnosis, being more frequent in patients with dual pathology.
PW01-122 - No-Shows, Drop-Outs And Completers In Psychotherapeutic Treatment: Demographic And Clinical Predictors In A Large Sample Of Non-Psychotic Patients
Authors: Fenger M. , Mortensen E. , Poulsen S. , Lau M. 
Published: June 2010

IntroductionHigh rate of non-attendance in mental health treatment is a major problem in terms of lost economic resources and deteriorated quality of life for the patients.AimsThe aim of the present study was to conduct an analysis of the influence of demographic and clinical variables on treatment attendance.MethodsA naturalistic study of 2473 non-psychotic consecutive patients offered psychotherapeutic treatment. Demographic and clinical variables were registered at assessment. Bivariate and multiple logistic regression analyses of the associations between these variables and attendance were conducted.Results675 (27.3%) did not show up and 289 (11.7%) dropped out of treatment. Regression analysis showed that younger age, few years of school, taking an education, unemployment, no sick leave, personality disorder, low or high GAF, no earlier treatment, no use of psychoactive medicine, and substance abuse were significant predictors for non-attendance.ConclusionNo-show was predicted mainly by clinical factors, whereas drop-out was predicted by demographic variables. Results and strategies to reduce non-attendance were discussed.
PW01-134 - Limbic And Paralimbic Cortex Grey Matter Densities Are Negatively Associated With Trauma Load
Authors: Nardo D. , Högberg G. , Larsson S.A. , Hällström T. , Pagani M. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectiveThere is converging evidence of gray matter (GM) structural alterations in different limbic structures in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate GM density in PTSD in relation to trauma load.MethodMagnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans of 21 subjects exposed to occupational trauma, who developed PTSD (S), and of 22 who did not (NS), were performed. The self-rated Trauma Antecedent Questionnaire (TAQ) was administered to assess lifelong trauma load and resilience. TAQ includes two scales (“trauma and neglect” TAQ−, and “resilience factors” TAQ+) further divided into four subscales measuring trauma load and resilience in four different age periods: zero to six, seven to twelve, thirteen to eighteen and adult. Regression analyses between the two sub-scales and GM density were performed on all 43 subjects by means of an optimized Voxel-Based Morphometry (VBM) analysis as implemented in SPM2.ResultsThe analyses showed that GM density negatively correlated only with adult TAQ- in bilateral posterior cingulate, left anterior insula, and right anterior parahippocampal gyrus.ConclusionsIrrespective of the PTSD diagnosis, trauma load was found to correlate with GM density in several limbic structures suggesting a high vulnerability of these structures to the effects of stress and trauma, These regions are implicated in integration, encoding and retrieval of autobiographical and episodic memories, emotional processing, interoceptive awareness and self-referential conscious experience. Thus, our study supports lower GM densities in limbic and paralimbic cortices as a potential structural basis for memory and dissociative dysfunction in PTSD.
PW01-145 - Neural Correlates Of Assessing Environmental And Technological Hazards
Authors: Herwig U. , Brühl A. , Viebke M.-C. , Scholz R.W. , Knoch D. , Siegrist M. 
Published: June 2010

BackgroundIn personal and in political context, we often evaluate the risk of certain conditions. Therefore, two principal psychological approaches are suggested: the analytical consideration and the intuitive estimation, both with according discriminative brain activation. We investigated the neural basis on which non-experts evaluated high risk of different environmental hazards for the society compared with respective low risk.MethodsTwenty healthy subjects underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging while evaluating the risk of fifty more or less risky conditions presented as written terms. We analyzed brain activations during the individual estimations of ‘high’ against ‘low’ risk. Further, the individual brain activations associated with ‘negative’ versus ‘not negative’ emotional valence of the terms were analyzed.ResultsEstimating hazards to be of high risk was associated with activation in medial thalamus, anterior insula, nucleus caudatus, posterior cingulate cortex and precuneus. These areas were not involved according to the analysis of the emotion ratings.ConclusionsThe results point to a substantial contribution of viscerosensitive areas to signal high risk and supports models of an intuitive “gut” feeling independent of the subjective emotional valence when estimating a high risk of environmental hazards.
PW01-153 - Effect Of Daao On Regional Brain Function In Healthy Individuals And Patients With Schizophrenia And Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Papagni S.A. , Mechelli A. , Prata D. , Kambeitz J. , Picchioni M. , Fu C. , Kane F. , Kalidindi S. , McDonald C. , Kravariti E. , Toulopoulou T. , Murray R. , Collier D. , McGuire P. 
Published: June 2010

IntroductionRecent studies have identified DAAO as a probable susceptibility gene for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. However, little is known about how this gene may affect brain function to increase vulnerability to these disorders.ObjectiveThe present investigation examined the impact of DAAO genotype on brain function in patients with schizophrenia, patients with bipolar I disorder and healthy volunteers.AimWe tested the hypotheses that the high-risk variant of DAAO would be associated with altered prefrontal function and functional connectivity in schizophrenic and bipolar patients.MethodsWe used functional magnetic resonance imaging to measure brain responses during a verbal fluency task in a total of 121 subjects comprising 40 patients with schizophrenia, 33 patients with bipolar I disorder and 48 healthy volunteers. We then used statistical parametric mapping (SPM) and psycho-physiological interaction (PPI) analyses to estimate the main effects of diagnostic group, the main effect of genotype and their interaction on brain activation and functional connectivity.ResultsIn schizophrenic patients relative to bipolar patients and controls, the high-risk variant of DAAO was associated with lower deactivation in the left precuneus and greater activation in the right calcarine and posterior cingulate gyrus during task performance. In addiction, these areas expressed altered functional connectivity with the rest of the brain in schizophrenic patients relative to bipolar patients and controls.ConclusionsOur results suggest that genetic variation in DAAO has a significant impact on brain function and provide preliminary evidence for a disease-specific pattern of gene action in specific brain regions.
PW01-162 - Destigmatizing Mental Ilness
Authors: Selo M. 
Published: June 2010

In view of the fact that the “Münchner Bündniss gegen Depression” started on Oct 12, 2009, with the aim of destigmatizing depression and informing the population at large about mental illness, I propose the following:A session/workshop which I would lead with representatives (patients and relatives) of the Munich self-help- groups, a psychiatrist (Dr. Waldemar Greil), and a representative from the pharmaceutical industry.Aim would be to find out how to best fulfill the mission of the “Münchner Bündniss” gegen Depression and how to ensure sustainability.For your information I am including my resume. I am the President of the Werner Alfred Selo Foundation in Switzerland. The foundation gives grants for research proposals in the area of comorbidity of depression and migraines. I have served two terms on the Board of NARSAD (National Alliance for Research in Schizophrenia and Depression. I have been a mental health advocate since I came out of a mental hospital in New York in 1980. My most recent activities were being the protagonist in the movie Bipolar by psychiatrist and filmmaker Dr.Ernst Juenger (www.bipolar.de/bipolar) and being a panel discussant at the World Health Summit in Berlin (Oct 15-18, 2009). I also participated in a round-table discussion organized by the Kanton of Zug on bipolar illness in Zug, Switzerland on November 8, 2009.
PW01-168 - Disturbance Of Intentionality: A Phenomenological Approach For The Development Of Schneiderian First-Rank Symptoms In Schizophrenia
Authors: Hirjak D. , Fuchs T. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesIn 1950, Kurt Schneider proposed that a considerable number of schizophrenic patients develop first-rank symptoms (FRS). In such cases, patients experience third-person auditory verbal hallucinations, audible thoughts, made experiences, replaced control of will, thought insertion, broadcast and withdrawal. This group of symptoms might therefore be seen as pathognomonic of schizophrenic psychopathology. Although a number of studies tend to explain these symptoms in terms of neurobiological and neuropsychological processes, the cause and development of FRS still remains unknown.MethodsThe method applied for the development of an explanatory model of FRS consists first in the overview of psychiatric and philosophical literature and secondly in the further development of the concept of disturbed intentionality and its implication to the FRS in schizophrenia. Intentionality is understood as a basic characteristic of conscious experience as being directed towards its object and, at the same time, implying a sense of mineness. This report also reviews and discusses some generally accepted views of FRS.ResultsCurrent psychiatric research shows a significant increase of interest phenomenological explanations of FRS. In this contribution we introduce a phenomenological model of FRS based on the concept of intentionality. We also show that this concept offers an insight into the interrelatedness between particular FRS.ConclusionsWe propose that the experience of FRS in patients with schizophrenia is rooted in the disturbed and inverted intentionality of their mental and bodily actions. This theoretical model of FRS will open up new directions in psychiatric research.
PW01-264 - How Would European Trainees Treat Bipolar Disorder For Their Patients And Themselves, And What Influences Decision-Making?
Authors: Jauhar S. , Lydall G. , Riese F. , Gama Marques J. , Bendix M. , Andlauer O. , Gerber S. , De Vriendt N. , Dumitrescu I. , Nawka A. , Guloksuz S. , Mendonca L. , Nwachukw I. , Psaras R. , Roventa C. , Giacco D. , Mufic A. , Dobrzynska E. , Nazaraliev A. , Van Zanten J. ,   European Federation of Psychiatric Trainees (EFPT) Research Group
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesGuidelines produced for management of Bipolar Disorder illustrate change in evidence-base for treatment of acute and maintenance phases of illness. Our Pan-European Research Group assessed clinical practice and desired treatments amongst amongst Psychiatry trainees.MethodsA semi-structured survey was piloted, and homogenous sample size (at least 50) agreed upon from each country, with 50% minimum response rate. It was distributed via web-link, questioning preference of mood stabiliser for patients, trainees themselves and factors influencing choice.ResultsTables 1 summarise choices.Number (n)PercentageDrug(s)263/22440.8/34.8Lithium121/10118.8/15.7Semisodium Valproate133/8520.7/13.2Sodium Valproate21/503.3/7.8Lamotrigine27/184.2/2.8Lithium and Sodium Valproate10/151.6/2.3Carbamezapine24/123.7/1.92nd Generation Atypical antipsychotics8/41.2/0.7Various combinations34/1345.3/21Left blank[Choice of mood stabiliser for patient/themselves]Factors influencing decision-making mapped onto cost, efficacy and side-effect profile (less than 4% other reasons). 66% (n=538) of respondents felt efficacy most important, 25% (n=202) felt side-effect profile most important and 3% (n=24) considered cost of most importance.ConclusionsNo clear difference exists in choice of mood stabiliser for European trainees and their patients, and decisions based on perceived efficacy are generally in keeping with established guidelines.
PW01-177 - Jumping To Conclusions In Psychotic Patients: A Comparison With Siblings And Healthy Controls
Authors: Barrigon M.L. , Rubio J.L. , Ruiz-Veguilla M. , Hernández L. , Ferrin M. , Salcedo M.D. , Moreno J.M. ,   Neurodevelopmental Psychiatry Research Uni
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesTo explore a cognitive bias-Jumping to Conclusions-in patients with schizophrenia and to compare with non-psychotic siblings and healthy controls by means of the Picture Decision Task (PDT).Methods42 patients with schizophrenia, 20 non-psychotic siblings and 77 healthy controls were compared in the PCT. This task consists of showing drawings of common objects that are displayed on a computer screen in decreasing degrees of fragmentation: new features are added in eight successive stages, until the entire object is eventually manifest. There are two kinds of trials (“cued” and “uncued”; that is, with and without interpretative clues). According to the responses, five parameters were calculated: Jumping To Conclusions at first stage-that is, with the very first drawing-(JTC-1), Plausibility Rating at first stage (PR-1), Draws To Decision (DTD), Time Response at first stage (TR-1) and Time Response for Draw to Decision (TR-DTD)ResultsIn comparison with siblings and controls, more of the schizophrenia patients made a definitive decision at the first stage (represented by a significantly higher JTC-1), and they showed a higher Plausibility Rating (represented by a higher PR-1) than siblings and controls. For the uncued trials, patients needed fewer stages (a lower DTD) when making a decision than siblings (5.53±0.20 vs. 7.04±0.28; p=0.001) and controls (5.53±0.20 vs. 6.83±0.14; p=0.001).ConclusionsThese results suggest that patients make quick decisions with a high level of conviction and may manifest a data-gathering bias. Our results may indicate some degree of faulty appraisal and an inability to tolerate ambiguity when faced with decision-making.
PW01-192 - Development Of A Valid Early Improvement Threshold To Predict Response And Remission In Fes
Authors: Schennach-Wolff R. , Mayr A. , Seemüller F. , Jäger M. , Moeller H.-J. , Riedel M. ,   German Competence Network on Schizophrenia
Published: June 2010

BackgroundTo test in first-episode schizophrenia (FES) patients whether early treatment improvement accurately predicts subsequent treatment outcome and to develop a valid definition for early improvement.Methods188 first episode schizophrenia inpatients were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) at admission and biweekly until discharge within a randomized, double-blind trial. 93 patients were treated with risperidone, 95 with haloperidol. Response was defined as a 40% improvement in PANSS total score from admission to discharge, remission according to the recently proposed consensus criteria and early improvement as an improvement in the PANSS total subscore after the second week. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analyses were used to evaluate predictive validity of early improvement and to find the most reasonable cutoff definition according to specificity and sensitivity. A confidence interval for the optimum cutoff was furthermore estimated.ResultsROC analyses revealed reasonable predictability for response (AUC=0.707) and remission (AUC=0.692) concerning early improvement as a predictor for response/remission. No significant differences were found between the two treatment groups. Early improvement defined as a 46% PANSS total score reduction for response and a PANSS total score reduction of 50% for remission obtained the best results in terms of sensitivity and specificity.ConclusionWe were able to confirm that early improvement is a valid predictor of subsequent treatment response and remission. FES patients should at least improve up to 30% in the PANSS total score at week 2 to achieve treatment response and remission.