bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differential susceptibility to lethal endotoxaemia in mice deficient in IL‐1α, IL‐1β or IL‐1 receptor type I
Authors: JOOSTEN LEO A.B. , VAN DE VEERDONK FRANK L. , VONK ALIEKE G. , BOERMAN OTTO C. , KEUTER MONIQUE , FANTUZZI GIAMILLA , VERSCHUEREN INEKE , VAN DER POLL TOM , DINARELLO CHARLES A. , KULLBERG BART JAN , VAN DER MEER JOS W.M. , NETEA MIHAI G. 
Published: October 2010

Joosten LAB, van de Veerdonk F, Vonk AG, Boerman OC, Keuter M, Fantuzzi G, Verschueren I, van der Poll T, Dinarello CA, Kullberg BJ, Van der Meer JWM, Netea MG. Differential susceptibility to lethal endotoxaemia in mice deficient in IL‐1α, IL‐1β or IL‐1 receptor type I. APMIS 2010; 118: 1000–7.The role of intereukin‐1 (IL‐1) in mortality caused by endotoxaemia remains controversial. While IL‐1 receptor antagonist (IL‐1Ra) protects mice from lethal endotoxaemia, mice deficient in IL‐1β (IL‐1β− /−) display normal susceptibility to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The aim of this study was to identify the source of these discrepancies. Mice deficient in IL‐1α, IL‐1β or IL‐1R type I were injected intraperitoneally with Escherichia coli or Salmonella typhimurium LPS. Survival of the mice was examined and compared with C57/Bl6 wild‐type mice. In addition, serum cytokine concentrations were determined after LPS challenge and in vitro cytokine production by peritoneal macrophages was analysed. Clearance of radioactive IL‐1α was examined in IL‐1α−/− and wild‐type mice. IL‐1β−/− mice were normally susceptible to endotoxaemia and cytokine production did not differ from that in control mice. Surprisingly, LPS mortality in IL‐1α−/− mice was significantly greater than that in control mice, accompanied by higher interferon‐γ release. These effects were mediated by a distorted homeostasis of IL‐1RI receptors, as shown by a strongly delayed clearance of IL‐1α. In contrast to the IL‐1α−/− and IL‐1β−/− mice, IL‐1RI−/− mice were completely resistant to high doses of LPS. In conclusion, IL‐1RI‐mediated signals are crucial in mediating mortality occurring as a result of lethal endotoxaemia. Investigation of IL‐1‐mediated pathways in IL‐1 knock‐out mice is complicated by a distorted homeostasis of IL‐1Rs.
Promoting Sleep by Nursing Interventions in Health Care Settings: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hellström Amanda , Willman Ania 
Published: October 2010

ABSTRACTBackground:Sleep disturbances are common problems among individuals in hospitals and institutions. Although several studies have explored this phenomenon, there is still a lack of knowledge about the effectiveness of sleep‐promoting nursing interventions. This systematic review aims to describe and evaluate the effectiveness of sleep‐promoting nursing interventions in health care settings.Approach:A systematic review was performed. In June 2009, a literature search was carried out in the following databases: Academic Search Elite, CINAHL, the Cochrane Library and MedLine/PubMed. Fifty‐two references were identified and after critical appraisal, nine studies were selected. A compilation of the results and the outcomes of the interventions were carried out. Furthermore, the evidence strength of the interventions was assessed.Findings:Little evidence for the nursing interventions, sleep hygiene, music, natural sound and vision, stimulation of acupoints, relaxation, massage and aromatherapy is found. However, large effect size of interventions were found when using massage, acupuncture and music, natural sounds or music videos. The use of sleep hygiene and relaxation, on the other hand, produced only small effects.Conclusion:The lack of high evidence strength for the nursing interventions together with the uncertainty about their effects calls for more research before implementing these interventions into clinical practice.
Coloplast Titan Inflatable Penile Prosthesis with One-Touch Release Pump: Review of 100 Cases and Comparison with Genesis Pump
Authors: Shaw Tavis , Garber Bruce B. 
Published: October 2010

ABSTRACT

Introduction
In 2008 Coloplast Corporation modified their Titan inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) with a new One-Touch Release (OTR) pump, in an attempt to facilitate device deflation. There is currently little published data concerning this new pump.

Aim
The aim of this pilot study was to assess initial patient and physician experience with the Titan OTR pump.

Methods
Retrospective chart review was used to assess the functionality and surgeon experience with 100 consecutive patients implanted with a Titan OTR pump, compared with 100 prior consecutive patients implanted with a Titan Genesis pump.

Main Outcome Measures
The ease of implantation of the OTR pump, the number of required postoperative inflate/deflate teaching visits, and OTR pump functionality were assessed and compared with that of the prior Genesis pump.

Results
The mean length of follow-up in the Genesis group (N = 100) was 20.8 months, and mean length of follow-up in the OTR group (N = 100) was 8.4 months. There was one device infection in each group. The average number of postoperative teaching sessions needed to teach the patient how to operate the device was 1.87 in the Genesis group, and 1.19 in the OTR group (P &lt; 0.001). The range of teaching visits was 1–5 in the Genesis group, and 1–3 in the OTR group (P &lt; 0.001). No pump malfunctions were seen in either group. Subjectively, the OTR pump was just as easy to implant as the Genesis pump. In addition, the OTR pump was subjectively easier for the surgeon and the patient to deflate, and just as easy to inflate, compared with the Genesis pump.

Conclusions
This pilot study revealed that the OTR pump functioned as specified by the manufacturer. With short-term follow-up, no pump malfunctions were detected. The OTR pump was associated with a statistically significant reduction in the number of postoperative teaching sessions required for the patient to properly operate the device. It was subjectively just as easy to implant and inflate, and easier to deflate, compared with the Genesis pump.
Assessing the Utility of Diagnostic Criteria: A Multisite Study on Gender Identity Disorder
Authors: Paap Muirne C.S. , Kreukels Baudewijntje P.C. , Cohen-Kettenis Peggy T. , Richter-Appelt Hertha , deCuypere Griet , Haraldsen Ira R. 
Published: October 2010

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Studies involving patients with gender identity disorder (GID) are inconsistent with regard to outcomes and often difficult to compare because of the vague descriptions of the diagnostic process. A multisite study is needed to scrutinize the utility and generality of different aspects of the diagnostic criteria for GID.

Aim
To investigate the way in which the diagnosis-specific Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition, Text Revision criteria for GID were used to reach a psychiatric diagnosis in four European countries: the Netherlands (Amsterdam), Norway (Oslo), Germany (Hamburg), and Belgium (Ghent). The main goal was to compare item (symptom) characteristics across countries.

Methods
The current study included all new applicants to the four GID clinics who were seen between January 2007 and March 2009, were at least 16 years of age at their first visit, and had completed the diagnostic assessment (N = 214, mean age = 32 ± 12.2 years). Mokken scale analysis, a form of Nonparametric Item Response Theory (NIRT) was performed.

Main Outcome Measures
Operationalization and quantification of the core criteria A and B resulted in a 23-item score sheet that was filled out by the participating clinicians after they had made a diagnosis.

Results
We found that, when ordering the 23 items according to their means for each country separately, the rank ordering was similar among the four countries for 21 of the items. Furthermore, only one scale emerged, which combined criteria A and B when all data were analyzed together.

Conclusions
Our results indicate that patients’ symptoms were interpreted in a similar fashion in all four countries. However, we did not find support for the treatment of A and B as two separate criteria. We recommend the use of NIRT in future studies, especially in studies with small sample sizes and/or with data that show a poor fit to parametric IRT models.
HerMES: Herschel-SPIRE observations of Lyman break galaxies
Authors: Rigopoulou D. , Magdis G. , Ivison R. J. , Amblard A. , Arumugam V. , Aussel H. , Blain A. , Bock J. , Boselli A. , Buat V. , Burgarella D. , Castro-Rodríguez N. , Cava A. , Chanial P. , Clements D. L. , Conley A. , Conversi L. , Cooray A. , Dowell C. D. , Dwek E. , Eales S. , Elbaz D. , Farrah D. , Franceschini A. , Glenn J. , Griffin M. , Halpern M. , Hatziminaoglou E. , Huang J.-S. , Ibar E. , Isaak K. , Lagache G. , Levenson L. , Lu N. , Madden S. , Maffei B. , Mainetti G. , Marchetti L. , Nguyen H. T. , O’Halloran B. , Oliver S. J. , Omont A. , Page M. J. , Panuzzo P. , Papageorgiou A. , Pearson C. P. , Pérez-Fournon I. , Pohlen M. , Rizzo D. , Roseboom I. G. , Rowan-Robinson M. , Schulz B. , Scott Douglas , Seymour N. , Shupe D. L. , Smith A. J. , Stevens J. A. , Symeonidis M. , Trichas M. , Tugwell K. E. , Vaccari M. , Valtchanov I. , Vigroux L. , Wang L. , Wright G. , Xu C. K. , Zemcov M. 
Published: October 2010

ABSTRACT
We present first results of a study of the submillimetre (submm) (rest-frame far-infrared) properties of z∼ 3 Lyman break galaxies (LBGs) and their lower redshift counterparts BX/BM galaxies, based on Herschel-SPIRE observations of the Northern field of the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey (GOODS-N). We use stacking analysis to determine the properties of LBGs well below the current limit of the survey. Although LBGs are not detected individually, stacking the infrared luminous LBGs (those detected with Spitzer at 24 μm) yields a statistically significant submm detection with mean flux 〈S250〉= 5.9 ± 1.4 mJy confirming the power of SPIRE in detecting UV-selected high-redshift galaxies at submm wavelengths. In comparison, the Spitzer 24 μm detected BX/BM galaxies appear fainter with a stacked value of 〈S250〉= 2.7 ± 0.8 mJy. By fitting the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) we derive median infrared luminosities, LIR, of 2.8 × 1012 L⊙ and 1.5 × 1011 L⊙ for z∼ 3 LBGs and BX/BMs, respectively. We find that LIR estimates derived from present measurements are in good agreement with those based on UV data for z∼ 2 BX/BM galaxies, unlike the case for z∼ 3 infrared luminous LBGs where the UV underestimates the true LIR. Although sample selection effects may influence this result we suggest that differences in physical properties (such as morphologies, dust distribution and extent of star-forming regions) between z∼ 3 LBGs and z∼ 2 BX/BMs may also play a significant role.
Optical/IR counterpart to the resolved X-ray jet source CXO J172337.5−373442 and its distance
Authors: Mookerjea Bhaswati , Parisi Pietro , Bhattacharyya Sudip , Masetti Nicola , Krühler Thomas , Greiner Jochen 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
We present results of observations in the optical to mid-infrared wavelengths of the X-ray source CXO J172337.5–373442, which was serendipitously discovered in the Chandra images and was found to have a fully resolved X-ray jet. The observations include a combination of photometry and spectroscopy in the optical using ground-based telescopes and mid-infrared photometry using Spitzer. We detect the optical/IR counterpart of CXO J172337.5–373442 and identify it to be a G9 V star located at a distance of 334 ± 60 pc. Comparable values of the hydrogen column densities determined independently from the optical/IR observations and X-ray observations indicate that the optical source is associated with the X-ray source. Since the X-ray luminosity cannot be explained in terms of emission from a single G9 V star, it is likely that CXO J172337.5–373442 is an accreting compact object in a binary system. Thus, CXO J172337.5–373442 is the nearest known resolved X-ray jet from a binary system, which is not a symbiotic star. Based on the existing X-ray data, the nature of the compact object cannot be confirmed. However, the low luminosity of the X-ray point source, 7.1 × 1030 L⊙, combined with estimates of the age of the jet and a lack of detection of bright outburst, suggests that the X-ray jet was launched during extreme quiescence of the object. The measured low X-ray luminosity of the jet suggests the likelihood of such jets being more ubiquitous than our current understanding.
Hybridization effects on phenotypic plasticity: experimental compensatory growth in farmed‐wild Atlantic salmon
Authors: Morris Matthew R. J. , Fraser Dylan J. , Eddington James , Hutchings Jeffrey A. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractCompensatory growth (CG) is a means by which organisms can increase their growth rate above their routine growth rate after a period of environmentally induced growth depression. Despite a focus on the implications of CG for aquaculture, little research has evaluated the effect of domesticated–wild hybridization on CG. Any deviation in the mean compensatory ability of hybrids relative to their wild progenitors, or any notable costs to compensation in terms of body morphology, could affect the ability of hybrids to persist in changing environments. We compared CG of farmed, wild and hybrid (F1, F2, wild backcross) juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Wild salmon experienced both lower routine and CG rates relative to farmed salmon, while hybrids were intermediate. However, the compensatory responses (slopes of the reaction norms) for each cross were parallel, indicating that hybridization did not affect the CG response itself. Morphological costs to compensation were not detected. In addition to contributing to risk assessments of the consequences of interbreeding between wild and escaped domesticated organisms, we conclude that plasticity studies on domesticated–wild hybrids and their progenitors are useful for testing basic predictions about the evolution of phenotypic plasticity, as well as understanding the evolutionary significance of hybrids.
Malignant pleural mesothelioma: A retrospective analysis of clinicopathological and survival data
Authors: Adel Azza M. , Abdel Hafeez Zeinab M. , El Sheikh Eman T. , El Sharawy Iman A. , Gobran Nagy S. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackground: The aim of this study was to analyze the clinicopathological features of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) and evaluate the therapeutic measures offered to patients with MPM and their impact on survival.Methods: Data was retrospectively collected from the medical records of 304 patients who presented to the Department of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Ain Shams University between January 2003 and December 2008.Results: The mean age of patients was 52.1 years (range 24–87 years). One hundred and ninety patients (62.5%) came from endemic areas and/or gave history of occupational asbestos exposure. One hundred and sixty‐nine patients received chemotherapy. There was a significant difference between the median survival for patients who received chemotherapy (9 months, 95% CI 7.69–10.30) and those who were offered best supportive care (2 months, 95% CI 0.09–3.91). Other factors that affected the survival negatively were: non‐epithelial pathology (P= 0.001); age >50 years (P= 0.012); bad performance status (P= 0.001); non‐platinum based chemotherapy (P= 0.0001); and progressive disease (P= 0.000). Cox regression analysis revealed that the factors that predicted shorter survival were patients being offered best supportive care rather than chemotherapy and progressive disease.Conclusion: MPM is a growing health problem in Egypt that needs more attention. The current analysis of data reflects the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion to allow for early diagnosis, especially for cases that live in areas with high asbestos exposure and for people who work in occupations that expose them to asbestos as well as their family members. Prospective randomized trials comparing multimodality approaches to other forms of treatment and including quality of life assessment are warranted.
Echocardiographic Changes in Heart Size in Hypohydrated Horses
Authors: Underwood C. , Norton J.L. , Nolen‐Walston R.D. , Dallap‐Schaer B.L. , Boston R. , Slack J. 
Published: October 2010

Background:Hypohydration causes transient echocardiographic changes in pigs, dogs, humans, and cats. These changes mask the diagnosis of some cardiac diseases (valvular regurgitation, dilated cardiomyopathy) and promote the diagnosis of others (hypertropic cardiomyopathy and infiltrative disease), thus inhibiting accurate echocardiographic evaluation.Objectives:To describe the echocardiographic changes associated with hypohydration in normal horses.Animals:Ten adult horses without detectable cardiac disease.Methods:Experimental study. Echocardiographic examinations were performed on horses in the euhydrated and hypohydrated states. Horses were hypohydrated by combined water deprivation and furosemide administration until a 4–7% reduction in bodyweight was achieved. Statistical analyses were performed by pairedt‐tests.Results:Hypohydration decreased left ventricular internal diameter in systole (0.8 ± 0.6 cm) and diastole (1.7 ± 0.9 cm), left atrial diameter (1.5 ± 0.4 cm) and left ventricular volume (490 ± 251 mL) (P‐values < .01), and increased septal wall thickness in diastole (0.6 ± 0.3 cm), free wall thickness in diastole (0.5 ± 0.3 cm), mean wall thickness (0.5 ± 0.2 cm) and relative wall thickness (0.2 ± 0.1 cm) (P‐values < .01).Conclusions and Clinical Importance:Hypohydration produces changes in left ventricular and atrial size that could mask or promote the severity of cardiac disease. The thickened, “pseudohypertrophied” appearance of the left ventricle in hypohydrated horses could affect interpretation of echocardiographic variables that are applied to the prediction of athletic performance. Echocardiography may prove a noninvasive method of monitoring volume status and response to fluid therapy in hypovolemic horses.
Nonlinear and Time-Varying Dynamics of High-Dimensional Models of a Translating Beam With a Stationary Load Subsystem
Authors: Xu G. Y. , Zhu W. D. 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
Nonlinear vibration and dynamic stability analyses of distributed structural systems have often been conducted for their low-dimensional spatially discretized models, and the results obtained from the low-dimensional models may not accurately represent the behaviors of the distributed systems. In this work the incremental harmonic balance method is used to handle a variety of problems pertaining to determining periodic solutions of high-dimensional models of distributed structural systems. The methodology is demonstrated on a translating tensioned beam with a stationary load subsystem and some related systems. With sufficient numbers of included trial functions and harmonic terms, convergent and accurate results are obtained in all the cases. The effect of nonlinearities due to the vibration-dependent friction force between the translating beam and the stationary load subsystem, which results from nonproportionality of the load parameters, decreases as the number of included trial functions increases. A low-dimensional spatially discretized model of the nonlinear distributed system can yield quantitatively and qualitatively inaccurate predictions. The methodology can be applied to other nonlinear and/or time-varying distributed structural systems.
Caspofungin Affects Growth of
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis
in Both Morphological Phases
Authors: Rodríguez-Brito Sabrina , Niño-Vega Gustavo , San-Blas Gioconda 
Published: October 2010

ABSTRACT

Five
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis
isolates were grown in the presence of caspofungin (0 to 1 μg/ml). Inhibition of the yeast phase ranged from 20 to 65%, while in the mycelial form it ranged from 75% to 82%. Such variability was loosely related to the amount of cell wall β-1,3-glucan. No association with point mutations in the β-1,3-glucan synthase was detected. Caspofungin induced physical changes and cytoplasmic deterioration in both fungal phases.
Inhibition of Bacterial Multidrug Resistance by Celecoxib, a Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitor
Authors: Kalle Arunasree M. , Rizvi Arshad 
Published: October 2010

ABSTRACT
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major problem in the treatment of infectious diseases and cancer. Accumulating evidence suggests that the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-specific inhibitor celecoxib would not only inhibit COX-2 but also help in the reversal of drug resistance in cancers by inhibiting the MDR1 efflux pump. Here, we demonstrate that celecoxib increases the sensitivity of bacteria to the antibiotics ampicillin, kanamycin, chloramphenicol, and ciprofloxacin by accumulating the drugs inside the cell, thus reversing MDR in bacteria.
An Oracle: Antituberculosis Pharmacokinetics-Pharmacodynamics, Clinical Correlation, and Clinical Trial Simulations To Predict the Future
Authors: Pasipanodya Jotam , Gumbo Tawanda 
Published: October 2010

ABSTRACT
Antimicrobial pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) science and clinical trial simulations have not been adequately applied to the design of doses and dose schedules of antituberculosis regimens because many researchers are skeptical about their clinical applicability. We compared findings of preclinical PK/PD studies of current first-line antituberculosis drugs to findings from several clinical publications that included microbiologic outcome and pharmacokinetic data or had a dose-scheduling design. Without exception, the antimicrobial PK/PD parameters linked to optimal effect were similar in preclinical models and in tuberculosis patients. Thus, exposure-effect relationships derived in the preclinical models can be used in the design of optimal antituberculosis doses, by incorporating population pharmacokinetics of the drugs and MIC distributions in Monte Carlo simulations. When this has been performed, doses and dose schedules of rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and moxifloxacin with the potential to shorten antituberculosis therapy have been identified. In addition, different susceptibility breakpoints than those in current use have been identified. These steps outline a more rational approach than that of current methods for designing regimens and predicting outcome so that both new and older antituberculosis agents can shorten therapy duration.
High Levels and Safety of Oseltamivir Carboxylate Plasma Concentrations after Nasogastric Administration in Critically Ill Children in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Giraud Carole , Manceau Sandra , Oualha Mehdi , Chappuy Hélène , Mogenet Agnès , Duchêne Patrick , Ducrocq Sarah , Hubert Philippe , Treluyer Jean M. 
Published: October 2010

ABSTRACT
During the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemics, the concentrations of oseltamivir (O) and its active metabolite (oseltamivir carboxylate [OC]) were determined in 11 children (1 month to 16 years of age) admitted to intensive care units for presumed severe H1N1 infection. They received oseltamivir phosphate (OP) nasogastrically at doses between 1.5 and 6.8 mg/kg of body weight. High OC concentrations were found, with a mean level of 678 ± 535 μg/liter. The mean OP concentration was 27 ± 52 μg/liter. No marked side effect was reported.