bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Features of Scleroderma Patients With or Without Prior or Current Ischemic Digital Ulcers: Post-Hoc Analysis of a Nationwide Multicenter Cohort (ItinérAIR-Sclérodermie)
Authors: TIEV KIET PHONG , DIOT ELISABETH , CLERSON PIERRE , DUPUIS-SIMÉON FRÉDÉRIQUE , HACHULLA ERIC , HATRON PIERRE-YVES , CONSTANS JOËL , CIRSTÉA DANIÉLA , FARGE-BANCEL DOMINIQUE , CARPENTIER PATRICK H. 
Published: June 2009

Objective.Digital ulcers are the most frequent vascular manifestations of systemic sclerosis (SSc). Clinical features of patients with prior or current digital ulcers have not been extensively described. This cross-sectional analysis of a large multicenter cohort compared the characteristics of SSc patients with prior or current digital ulcers with those never affected.Methods.Patients with prior/current digital ulcers or never affected were identified in the cohort of SSc patients enrolled in the French ItinérAIR-Sclérodermie registry. Rodnan skin scores, pulmonary function test results, and clinical and immunological data were analyzed to identify digital ulcerassociated clinical features.Results.Of 599 SSc patients, 317 had prior or current digital ulcers. These patients were more frequently male, with impaired diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO), and higher Rodnan skin scores than patients never affected by digital ulcers. In a multivariate analysis, male gender, early onset of SSc, increased duration of SSc, high Rodnan skin score, and presence of anti-topoisomerase I antibodies (anti-topo I) were associated with prior or current digital ulcers. Comparison of patients with current digital ulcers versus patients never affected indicated that affected patients had increased duration of SSc, impaired DLCO, increased Rodnan score, and younger age at onset of SSc.Conclusion.Male patients with early onset SSc, more severe skin fibrosis, impaired DLCO, and anti-topo I were most likely to exhibit prior or current digital ulcers. Confirmation of these results in a prospective longitudinal study may enable identification of patients at greatest risk of developing digital ulcers, facilitating management of this disabling complication.
Once-Weekly Oral Alendronate 70 mg in Patients with Glucocorticoid-Induced Bone Loss: A 12-Month Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: STOCH S. AUBREY , SAAG KENNETH G. , GREENWALD MARIA , SEBBA ANTHONY I. , COHEN STANLEY , VERBRUGGEN NADIA , GIEZEK HILDE , WEST JOSEPH , SCHNITZER THOMAS J. 
Published: June 2009

Objective.Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis is the most common iatrogenic form of osteoporosis. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of once-weekly bisphosphonate therapy for prevention and treatment of bone loss in patients on glucocorticoid therapy.Methods.We conducted a 12-month, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with 114 and 59 patients in the treatment and placebo arms, respectively. Participants were stratified according to the duration of prior oral glucocorticoid therapy at randomization. Participants received alendronate 70 mg once weekly (ALN OW) or placebo; all received supplemental daily calcium (1000 mg) and 400 IU vitamin D. Clinical evaluations were performed at baseline, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months.Results.At 12 months, there was a significant mean percentage increase from baseline in the ALN OW group for lumbar spine (2.45%), trochanter (1.27%), total hip (0.75%), and total body (1.70%) bone mineral density (BMD). Comparing ALN OW versus placebo at 12 months, a significant treatment difference for the mean percentage change from baseline was observed for lumbar spine (treatment difference of 2.92%; p ≤ 0.001), trochanter (treatment difference 1.66%; p = 0.007), and total hip (treatment difference 1.19; p = 0.008) BMD. Biochemical markers of bone remodeling also showed significant mean percentage decreases from baseline.Conclusion.Over 12 months ALN OW significantly increased lumbar spine, trochanter, total hip, and total body BMD compared with baseline among patients taking glucocorticoid therapy. A significant treatment difference versus placebo was observed at 12 months for the mean percentage change from baseline for lumbar spine, trochanter, and total hip.
Lack of Specificity of the 6-Minute Walk Test as an Outcome Measure for Patients with Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: SCHOINDRE YOLAND , MEUNE CHRISTOPHE , DINH-XUAN ANH TUAN , AVOUAC JÉRÔME , KAHAN ANDRÉ , ALLANORE YANNICK 
Published: June 2009

Objective.The 6-minute walk test (6MWT) is an important prognostic tool in various cardiovascular diseases and has been considered as a surrogate endpoint. However, conflicting results have been reported in systemic sclerosis (SSc). Our objective was to evaluate the relationships of the 6-min walking distance (6MWD) and organ damage in SSc.Methods.Eighty-seven consecutive patients with SSc were included and prospectively investigated; they underwent 6MWT in addition to conventional assessment of possible lung, heart, kidney, skin, and muscle involvement, and disease activity scoring, severity, and quality of life determination.Results.Twenty-six patients (30%) had an abnormal 6MWT and the mean 6MWD was 461.8 ± 103.0 m. When considering 6MWT as a binary variable — normal or abnormal — C-reactive protein (CRP) was the only independent variable associated with abnormal 6MWT. Considered as a continuous variable, the 6MWD was associated with measures of lung involvement and inflammation, with the activity and severity of disease, and also with quality of life; nevertheless, calcinosis was the only independent factor associated in multivariate analyses with a trend for an association for CRP.Conclusion.The 6MWD relates to broad factors in SSc and these results raise doubts about the specificity of the 6MWD in this systemic disease, and its relevance to monitoring therapy.
Erratum: Durable and generalized effects of spatial experience on mental rotation: Gender differences in growth patterns
Authors: Terlecki Melissa S. , Newcombe Nora S. , Little Michelle 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe above article (DOI: 10.1002/acp.1420) was published online on 26 November 2007 and in print in Volume 22: 996‐1013, 2008. A printing error was subsequently identified in the article.Page 996: Missing author information. Should read Dr. Nora S. Newcombe, Temple University, Philadelphia, USA, National Science Foundation Grants REC‐0337360 and SBE0541957.
Scaffold Design and Manufacturing: From Concept to Clinic
Authors: Hollister Scott J. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractSince Robert Langer and colleagues pioneered the concept of reconstructing tissue using cells transplanted on synthetic polymer matrices in the early 1990s, research in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine has exploded. This is especially true in the development of new materials and structures that serve as scaffolds for tissue reconstruction. The basic tenet of the last two decades holds scaffolds as degradable materials providing temporary function while enhancing tissue regeneration through the delivery of biologics. Although a number of new scaffolding materials and structures have been developed in research laboratories, the application of such materials practice even has been extremely limited. This paper argues that better integration of all these factors is needed to bring scaffolds from “concept to clinic”. It reviews current work in all these areas and suggests where future work and funding is needed.
Tuning the Amphiphilicity of Building Blocks: Controlled Self‐Assembly and Disassembly for Functional Supramolecular Materials
Authors: Wang Yapei , Xu Huaping , Zhang Xi 
Published: June 2009

AbstractAmphiphilicity is one of the molecular bases for self‐assembly. By tuning the amphiphilicity of building blocks, controllable self‐assembly can be realized. This article reviews different routes for tuning amphiphilicity and discusses different possibilities for self‐assembly and disassembly in a controlled manner. In general, this includes irreversible and reversible routes. The irreversible routes concern irreversible reactions taking place on the building blocks and changing their molecular amphiphilicity. The building blocks are then able to self‐assemble to form different supramolecular structures, but cannot remain stable upon loss of amphiphilicity. Compared to the irreversible routes, the reversible routes are more attractive due to the good control over the assembly and disassembly of the supramolecular structure formed via tuning of the amphiphilicity. These routes involve reversible chemical reactions and supramolecular approaches, and different external stimuli can be used to trigger reversible changes of amphiphilicity, including light, redox, pH, and enzymes. It is anticipated that this line of research can lead to the fabrication of new functional supramolecular assemblies and materials.
Remarkable Electronic Effect on the Diastereoselectivity of the Heck Reaction of Methyl Cinnamate with Arenediazonium Salts: Formal Total Synthesis of (±)‐Indatraline and (±)‐Sertraline
Authors: Pastre Julio Cezar , Correia Carlos Roque Duarte 
Published: June 2009

Abstractmagnified imageAn efficient and stereoselective protocol for the preparation of β,β‐disubstituted acrylates in good to high yields by means of a Heck–Matsuda arylation was accomplished. The method employs a base‐ and ligand‐free Heck arylation reaction of methyl cinnamate using both electron‐deficient and electron‐rich arenediazonium salts as electrophiles. The Heck reaction displays a remarkable electronic dependence regarding the diastereoselectivity of the arylation process, which correlates with the electronic nature of the arenediazonium salts employed. A rationale for the observed diastereoselectivity is presented. The overall methodology provides a convenient route to 3‐arylindanones and 4‐aryltetralones allowing the concise formal total syntheses of the therapeutically important psychoactive compounds (±)‐indatraline and (±)‐sertraline.
Copper‐Catalyzed Stereoselective Hydroarylation of 3‐Aryl‐2‐ propynenitriles with Arylboronic Acids
Authors: Yamamoto Yoshihiko , Asatani Tsuyoshi , Kirai Naohiro 
Published: June 2009

Abstractmagnified imageThe selective synthesis of 3,3‐diarylacrylonitriles has been achieved by copper‐catalyzed hydroarylation of 3‐aryl‐2‐propynenitriles with arylboronic acids. The starting cyanoalkynes were efficiently prepared from the appropriate aromatic aldehydes and diethyl cyanomethylphosphonate in two steps. The hydroarylation of the obtained cyanoalkyne substrates proceeded in methanol at ambient temperature to produce 3,3‐diarylacrylonitriles in good to high yields with excellent syn selectivity. The present method was successfully applied to the regiospecific synthesis of both stereoisomers of CC‐5079, which was recently reported as a potent anticancer drug.
Versatile Supramolecular Copper(II) Complexes for Henry and Aza‐Henry Reactions
Authors: Zhang Guoqi , Yashima Eiji , Woggon Wolf‐D. 
Published: June 2009

Abstractmagnified imageChiral supramolecular metal‐organic frameworks assembled from copper complexes catalyse Henry and aza‐Henry reactions of aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes and N‐protected aromatic imines in high yield and good to excellent enantioselectivity. Reactions can be performed in the absence of base in ethanol or water.
Cobalt/Rhodium Heterobimetallic Nanoparticle‐Catalyzed Oxidative Carbonylation of Amines in the Presence of Carbon Monoxide and Molecular Oxygen to Ureas
Authors: Park Ji Hoon , Yoon Jae Chun , Chung Young Keun 
Published: June 2009

Abstractmagnified imageAn environmentally friendly oxidative carbonylation of aliphatic and aromatic primary amines to ureas has been successfully achieved in the presence of a catalytic amount of cobalt/rhodium heterobimetallic nanoparticles without any promoters. The catalyst system could be reused with only a slight loss of catalytic activity.
Simple and Fast Synthesis of New Axially Chiral Bipyridine N,N′‐Dioxides for Highly Enantioselective Allylation of Aldehydes
Authors: Kadlčíková Aneta , Hrdina Radim , Valterová Irena , Kotora Martin 
Published: June 2009

Abstractmagnified imageUnsymmetrically 3,3′‐substituted axially chiral bis(tetrahydroisoquinoline) N,N′‐dioxides can be prepared in just three steps. They exhibit unique catalytic activity (turnover frequency, enantioselectivity, substrate scope) in the asymmetric allylation of aromatic aldehydes (up to 96% ee). The product of the enantioselective allylation of benzaldehyde served as a building block for the preparation of an intermediate useful in the enantioselective synthesis of diospongines.
Wachstumsmechanismen Metall‐organischer Gerüststrukturen: Einblicke in die Keimbildung anhand einer schrittweisen Methodik
Authors: Shekhah Osama , Wang Hui , Zacher Denise , Fischer Roland A. , Wöll Christof 
Published: June 2009

AbstractEins nach dem anderen: Die In‐situ‐Beobachtung der schrittweisen Bildung von Metall‐organischen Gerüstverbindungen (MOFs) mithilfe von Oberflächenplasmonenresonanz ermöglicht mechanistische Studien zur Keimbildung und zur Entstehung sekundärer Baueinheiten sowie Untersuchungen zu den Wachstumsgeschwindigkeiten auf funktionalisierten organischen Oberflächen mit unterschiedlicher kristallographischer Ausrichtung.magnified image
α‐Chiral Acetylenes Having an All‐Carbon Quaternary Center: Phase Transfer Catalyzed Enantioselective α Alkylation of α‐Alkyl‐α‐alkynyl Esters
Authors: Hashimoto Takuya , Sakata Kazuki , Maruoka Keiji 
Published: June 2009

AbstractEin mehrphasiger Prozess: Untersuchungen der Titelreaktion ergaben, dass sie als basenvermittelte Isomerisierung zu Allenylester und anschließende phasentransferkatalysierte Alkylierung an der α‐Position des Esters verläuft (siehe Schema).magnified image
How Does Electrostatic Activation Control Iminium‐Catalyzed Cyclopropanations?
Authors: Lakhdar Sami , Appel Roland , Mayr Herbert 
Published: June 2009

AbstractPrediction of lg k=s(N+E) verified: In contrast to previous statements, ordinary α,β‐unsaturated iminium ions do react with sulfur ylides. Electrostatic interactions accelerate the reactions by a factor of more than 105 and are responsible for the high stereoselectivity.magnified image
Synthesis and Reactivity of a Strained Silicon‐Bridged [1]Ferrocenophanium Ion
Authors: Masson Georgeta , Herbert David E. , Whittell George R. , Holland Jason P. , Lough Alan J. , Green Jennifer C. , Manners Ian 
Published: June 2009

AbstractNot blue but red‐brown: A [1]ferrocenophanium ion has been synthesized and isolated as a red‐brown crystalline salt, surprisingly different in color from characteristically blue‐green unstrained ferrocenium ions. Compared to the neutral iron(II) counterpart, the [1]ferrocenophanium ion displays a considerably higher ring tilt and an increased propensity for ring‐opening reactions.magnified image
Decarboxylative Grob‐Type Fragmentations in the Synthesis of Trisubstituted Z Olefins: Application to Peloruside A, Discodermolide, and Epothilone D
Authors: Prantz Kathrin , Mulzer Johann 
Published: June 2009

AbstractDiscriminating elimination: A new method for the synthesis of methyl‐branched trisubstituted Z olefins, a structural motif in many polyketides with anticancer activity, relies on an −OH‐induced decarboxylative Grob‐type fragmentation (see scheme; Ms=mesyl). The starting materials are β‐mesyloxy lactones with a quaternary α center, which are prepared by aldol reactions in a diastereo‐ and enantioselective manner.magnified image
α‐Chiral Acetylenes Having an All‐Carbon Quaternary Center: Phase Transfer Catalyzed Enantioselective α Alkylation of α‐Alkyl‐α‐alkynyl Esters
Authors: Hashimoto Takuya , Sakata Kazuki , Maruoka Keiji 
Published: June 2009

AbstractGoing through the phases: The title reaction was found to proceed by an initial base‐mediated isomerization to allenyl esters and subsequent phase transfer catalyzed alkylation at the α position of the ester (see scheme).magnified image
Microwave‐assisted Synthesis, Structure, and Tunable Liquid‐Crystal Properties of 2,5‐Diaryl‐1,3,4‐Thiadiazole Derivatives through Peripheral n‐Alkoxy Chains
Authors: Han Jie , Chang Xiao‐Yong , Zhu Li‐Rong , Pang Mei‐Li , Meng Ji‐Ben , Chui Stephen Sin‐Yin , Lai Siu‐Wai , Roy V. A. L. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractChain change: Variations in the position, number, and chain length of the n‐alkoxy chains readily tune the liquid‐crystalline properties of 2,5‐diaryl‐1,3,4‐thiadiazole derivatives from smectic to hexagonal columnar mesophases at room temperature. The calamitic S‐heterocyclic compounds show electrical conductivity in both solid and liquid‐crystal states.magnified imageA series of substituted 2,5‐diaryl‐1,3,4‐thiadiazole derivatives are prepared by microwave‐assisted synthesis in the absence of an organic solvent. All derivatives are well characterized by 1H and 13C NMR, MS, and elemental analyses. The X‐ray crystal structure of 2,5‐di‐(4‐decyloxyphenyl)‐1,3,4‐thiadiazole reveals the tilt lamellar arrangement of rod‐shaped molecules, which are stabilized by a variety of weak non‐covalent interactions. The liquid crystalline properties are studied by polarized‐light optical microscopy (POM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and in situ variable temperature X‐ray diffraction (VTXRD). By variations in the peripheral n‐alkoxy chains, the calamitic mesogens exhibit enantiotropic smectic (SmC and/or SmA) mesophases with wide mesomorphic temperature ranges, whilst the disc‐like mesogens form hexagonal columnar mesophase (Colh) at room temperature. The bulk electrical conductivity values of the smectic mesophases of 1–3 are in the range of 10−3–10−4 S cm−1, which are slightly higher than that of their solid films. In contrast, the solid film made from 2,5‐di‐(3,4,5‐trioctyloxyphenyl)‐1,3,4‐thiadiazole shows poor conductivity (2×10−7 S cm−1).
Rissbildung und Zugtragverhalten von mit Fasern verstärktem Stahlbeton am Beispiel ultrahochfesten Betons
Authors: Leutbecher Torsten , Fehling Ekkehard 
Published: June 2009

AbstractBei Kombination konventioneller Betonstahl‐ oder Spannbewehrung und Fasern ergeben sich Unterschiede im Trag‐ und Verformungsverhalten eines zugbeanspruchten Betonbauteils gegenüber dem bekannten Stahl‐ und Spannbeton. Dies gilt für Betone unterschiedlicher Festigkeit gleichermaßen, erreicht bei ultrahochfesten Betonen (UHPC) jedoch besondere Aktualität, da aus Gründen der Duktilität der Einsatz von Fasern bei diesen Betonen die Regel ist. Im Hinblick auf die Dauerhaftigkeit und Dichtigkeit ist vor allem der günstige Einfluss der Fasern auf den Rissbildungsprozess und die Rissbreiten im Gebrauchszustand von Bedeutung. Besonders bei erhöhten Anforderungen an die Rissbreite (Größenordnung: unter 0, 1 mm) kann durch gemischte Bewehrung aus Stabstahl und Fasern eine wesentliche Verbesserung gegenüber Stahlbeton erzielt werden. Die Analyse der Vorgänge bei Rissbildung setzt zunächst das Verständnis der unterschiedlichen Wirkungsweisen der beiden Bewehrungselemente ”Stabstahl” und ”Fasern” voraus. Im Teil 1 dieses Beitrags werden die hierzu erforderlichen mechanischen Zusammenhänge dargestellt und unter Berücksichtigung des Gleichgewichts und der Verträglichkeit miteinander verknüpft. Im Teil 2 erfolgt eine Überprüfung der abgeleiteten Beziehungen anhand experimenteller Untersuchungen an gemischt bewehrten Zugelementen aus UHPC. Ihre Anwendung wird zudem an zwei Rechenbeispielen veranschaulicht. Aufgrund seiner allgemeingültigen Formulierung ist der vorgestellte Ansatz auf alle mit Stabstahl und Fasern bewehrten Betone anwendbar, d. h. nicht auf ultrahochfeste Betone beschränkt.
Advected river textures
Authors: Burrell Tim , Arnold Dirk , Brooks Stephen 
Published: June 2009

AbstractWe present a new method for the realistic real‐time simulation of rivers. Our solution includes a 2D fluid solver that simulates the flow of a river's surface, an efficient method for adaptively computing 3D flow information and an animated 3D procedural wave texture that is advected through the fluid via advection particles in order to mimic the highly detailed fluid surfaces that are characteristic of rivers. Our technique that couples animated texture advection with a pseudo‐3D fluid simulation produces stable results that are representative of large‐scale real‐world rivers and suitable for use in real‐time applications. Our system surpasses prior work on real‐time river rendering both with regards to efficiency and visual quality, which we establish through the rendering of rivers tens of kilometers long. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and Evaluation of New Thiodigalactoside‐Based Chemical Probes to Label Galectin‐3
Authors: van Scherpenzeel Monique , Moret Ed E. , Ballell Lluis , Liskamp Rob M. J. , Nilsson Ulf J. , Leffler Hakon , Pieters Roland J. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractLight up galectin: Photoprobes based on thiodigalactoside were prepared for galectin‐3, a lectin linked to cancer. The probes contained either benzophenone or acetophenone moieties as the photolabel for covalent attachment to the protein. One particular probe labeled galectin‐3 selectively, even in the presence of cell lysate.magnified imageNew chemical probes were synthesized to label galectin‐3. They are based on the high affinity thiodigalactoside ligand. The probes were synthesized with benzophenone or acetophenone moieties as the photolabel for covalent attachment to the protein. Besides labeling the protein, these aromatic photolabels also greatly enhance the affinity of the probes towards galectin‐3, due to the interaction of the photolabel with two arginine guanidinium groups of the protein. The linkage between the sugar and the photolabel was varied as an ester, an amide, and a triazole. For the amide and triazole derivatives, a versatile synthetic route towards a symmetrical 3‐azido‐3‐deoxy‐thiodigalactoside was developed. The new probes were evaluated for their binding affinity of human galectin‐3. They were subsequently tested for their labeling efficiency, as well as specificity in the presence of a protein mixture and a human cancer cell lysate.
Probing Intermolecular Interactions in Ionic Liquid–Water Mixtures by Near‐Infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Wu Bo , Liu Yang , Zhang Yumei , Wang Huaping 
Published: June 2009

AbstractIn this contribution, an insight into the interactions between ionic liquids (ILs), 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, [Bmim]BF4, and 1‐allyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride, [Amim]Cl, and water is presented using near‐infrared (NIR) spectroscopic measurements. Distinct differences were found in the NIR spectra of pure [Amim]Cl and [Bmim]BF4, whereby we propose optimized conformations. It was found that the relative position of the anion with respect to imidazolium cation is different in these two ILs. The geometry difference determined their different interaction modes with water, for example, the NIR spectra in alkyl group region were different for these two ILs/H2O mixtures, irrespective of being in a water‐rich region or IL‐rich region. However, their NIR spectra for aromatic group were similar, whereby we deduced that for both ILs, the water molecules were favorable to form hydrogen bonds with the proton H2 on imidazolium ring, rather than H4 and H5. Furthermore, it was shown that water molecules preferred to interact with BF4−, but Cl− interacted more specifically with aromatic C‐H groups compared with BF4−. This was confirmed by the fact that the supramolecular structure of aqueous [Bmim]BF4 solution was destroyed as mole fraction of water surpasses 0.3979, which was lower than the value of 0.5822 for [Amim]Cl/H2O. These results would have important directive significance for the study of the aggregation behavior and recovery of hydrophilic ILs in water.