bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ciliated cells in abdominal or pelvic fine needle aspirations: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Perry Kyle D. , Cheng Ning Li , Eberts Paul , Yang Jack 
Published: June 2011

AbstractCiliated cells encountered outside of an expected anatomical location (e.g., the respiratory tract, fallopian tube, etc) can represent a diagnostic difficulty for the cytopathologist, especially during preliminary assessment of a fine needle aspiration (FNA) for adequacy or malignancy. We present the cytologic and histologic features of a FNA and needle core biopsy, respectively, of an abdominal mass, likely from a gastrointestinal duplication cyst, foregut cyst or a bronchogenic cyst. We also briefly review the differential diagnosis for ciliated cells encountered in abdominal or pelvic FNAs. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2013. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Clinical and immunological characteristics associated with the presence of protozoa in sputum smears
Authors: Martínez‐Girón Rafael , van Woerden Hugo Cornelis 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe objective of this study is to assess the relationship between protozoa in spontaneously expectorated sputum samples and a range of clinical and immunological variables. Clinical details including age, gender, smoking status, and use of oral or inhaled steroids were recorded for a cohort of 199 patients whose spontaneously expectorated sputum samples were submitted to a Cytology Laboratory in Spain between January 2005 and December 2006. Slides were scanned for protozoa under light microscopy and scanned for monocytes/small macrophages highlighted by immunocytochemistry (CD68 monoclonal antibody). One hundred ninety‐one patients provided adequate sputum samples, of whom 70 had protozoa in their sputum. There was a strong relationship between the presence of protozoa and monocytes/small macrophages identified under light microscopy (P < 0.001). A binary logistic regression model also indicated a relationship between protozoa and both smoking status and steroid use. The diagnoses in those with protozoa included infection (including tuberculosis), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung fibrosis, asthma, chronic liver disease, immunosuppression, cancer, pancreatic or renal disease, heart failure, and AIDS. The identified association between protozoa and monocytes/small macrophages in sputum suggests an immune response and warrants further investigation to clarify whether or not these organisms have any pathological significance in this wide range of conditions. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2013. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Palpable lesions as a diagnostic tool in patients with thoracic pathology
Authors: Yener Nese Arzu , Midi Ahmet , Cubuk Rahmi , Orki Alpay , Onar Cagatay , Ersev Ayse , Arman Bulent 
Published: June 2011

AbstractPalpable lesion(s) noticed in a patient with thoracic disease may be a useful diagnostic tool and it often gives a clue for further management. In this study, we searched the diagnostic value of palpable lesions in patients with thoracic pathology suspected clinically and/or radiologically. We prospectively examined the correlations of clinical/radiologic and pathologic findings of 72 palpable lesions from 68 patients who presented with suspect for a thoracic disease from two tertiary medical centers. Thirty‐two lesions (44.4%) were diagnosed as malignant either by fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) only or FNA with confirmatory biopsy. The most common malignancy was non‐small‐cell carcinoma (10) followed by adenocarcinoma (6), and small‐cell carcinoma (5). The most common localization of the palpable lesions was cervical region (20.8%) followed by left supraclavicular (13.8%) and anterior chest wall (13.8%). FNA was effective in obtaining an accurate diagnosis in 66.6% of the patients. Tissue confirmation of FNA was performed in 54 patients. The sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, and positive predictive value of FNA in distinguishing a malignant lesion from a benign disease for these palpable lesions were 75, 97, 96, and 80, respectively. One false negativity and one false positivity were also found. Abnormal radiologic features were not correlated with having a malignant palpable lesion. Evaluation of the palpable lesions by FNA and tissue biopsy together is effective for initial triage of the patients with suspect for a thoracic pathology. FNA alone is a convenient and easy method for this purpose especially when the material is immediately assessed for specimen adequacy. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2013. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
IQGAP1 involvement in MTOC and granule polarization in NK‐cell cytotoxicity
Authors: Kanwar Namita , Wilkins John A. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractNatural killer (NK) cells form a region of tight contact called the NK immunological synapse (NKIS) with their target cells. This is a dynamic region serving as a platform for targeted signaling and exocytotic events. We previously identified IQGAP1 as a cytoskeletal component of the NK‐like cell line YTS. The present study was undertaken to determine the role of IQGAP1 in the function of NK cells. Silencing of IQGAP1 expression resulted in almost complete loss of the cytotoxic activity of YTS cells. Loss of IQGAP1 did not prevent conjugate formation with target cells but it did result in a failure to reorient the microtubule organizing centre to the immune synapse. Significantly, IQGAP1 expression was required for the perigranular accumulation of an F‐actin network. IQGAP1 was shown to undergo marked rearrangements during synapse maturation in effector target conjugates of YTS or primary NK cells. These results suggest previously undescribed role(s) for IQGAP1 in regulating multiple aspects of cytoskeletal organization and granule polarization in NK cells.
The inflammasome drives protective Th1 and Th17 cellular responses in disseminated candidiasis
Authors: van de Veerdonk Frank L. , Joosten Leo A. B. , Shaw Patrick J. , Smeekens Sanne P. , Malireddi R. K. Subbarao , van der Meer Jos W. M. , Kullberg Bart‐Jan , Netea Mihai G. , Kanneganti Thirumala‐Devi 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe Nlrp3 inflammasome has been proposed to play an important role in antifungal host defense. However, studies exploring the role of the inflammasome in antifungal host defense have been limited to the direct effects on IL‐1β processing. Although IL‐1β has important direct effects on the innate immune response, important effects of the caspase‐1‐dependent cytokines IL‐1β and IL‐18 are exerted on the initiation of the adaptive Th1 and Th17 cellular responses. No studies have been employed to assess the impact of the inflammasome on the Th1/Th17 defense mechanisms in vivo during candidiasis. In the present study, we demonstrate an essential role for caspase‐1 and ASC (apoptosis‐associated speck‐like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain) in disseminated candidiasis through regulating antifungal Th1 and Th17 responses. Caspase‐1−/− and ASC−/− mice display diminished Th1/Th17 responses, followed by increased fungal outgrowth and lower survival. These observations identify a critical role for the inflammasome in controlling protective adaptive immune responses during invasive fungal infection.
[Pd(L)Cl2]‐Catalyzed Selective Hydroxylation of Arylboronic Acids to Phenols
Authors: Chowdhury Abhishek Dutta , Mobin Shaikh M. , Mukherjee Soumen , Bhaduri Sumit , Lahiri Goutam Kumar 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe palladium complex [Pd(L)Cl2] (1) has been prepared by the reaction of Pd(COD)Cl2 (COD = 1,5‐cyclooctadiene) with L [N,N′‐bis(diphenylphosphanyl)‐2‐(diphenylphosphanyl)ethanamine]. The ligand L and complex 1 have been characterized by elemental analysis, mass spectrometry and 1H/31P NMR spectroscopy. In the presence of O2, 1 selectively catalyzes the hydroxylation of a variety of arylboronic acids to the corresponding phenol derivatives in solvents with low‐dielectric constants at 298 K, although in solvents with high dielectric constants the same reaction leads to the formation of both phenol and the coupled product, i.e. biaryl. The mechanistic aspects of the selective phenol formation from arylboronic acid with 1 have been addressed.
Alternative algebraic rate‐integration approach for progress‐curve analysis of enzyme kinetics
Authors: Goličnik Marko 
Published: June 2011

AbstractA recent article of Zavrel et al. in this journal (Eng. Life Sci. 2010, 10, 191–200) described a comparison of several computer programs for progress‐curve analysis with respect to different computational approaches for parameter estimation. The authors applied both algebraic and dynamic parameter estimations, although they omitted time‐course analysis through the integrated rate equation. Recently, it was demonstrated that progress‐curve analysis through the integrated rate equation can be considered a simple and useful alternative for enzymes that obey the generalized Michaelis–Menten reaction mechanism. To complete this gap, the time‐dependent solution of the generalized Michaelis–Menten equation is here fitted to the progress curves from the Zavrel et al. reference article. This alternative rate‐integration approach for determining the kinetics parameters of Michaelis–Menten‐type enzymes yields the values with the greatest accuracy, as compared with the results obtained by other (algebraic or dynamic) parameter estimations.
Research and development of UHV AC transformer and shunt reactor
Authors: Guangfan Li , Bo Li , Jingzhong Li , Zhigang Zhao , Jianyi Wang , Juntao Zhong , Xile Zhang , Chuanlong Mi 
Published: June 2011

SUMMARYThe Jingdongnan‐Nanyang‐Jingmen UHV AC Pilot Project has already been put into service in China. In this paper, insulation level of power transformer and shunt reactor for 1000 kV power transmission project in China are introduced. UHV AC transformer and shunt reactor structures are given. Key technologies, including cooling type, regulating method for UHV AC transformer, pattern of outgoing line, and noise controlling, are discussed. Besides, due to the high voltage class, high capacity, and super size of UHV power transformer, the size of its test circuit is correspondingly enlarged, the impacts of stray inductance and capacitance will be more intense consequentially, thus in factory test including lighting impulse test, switching impulse voltage test, short‐duration induced AC voltage test at 500 kV side, and long‐duration induced AC voltage test with partial discharge measurement are presented. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Treatment‐related alteration of cortisol predicts change in neuropsychological function during acute treatment of late‐life anxiety disorder
Authors: Lenze Eric J. , Dixon David , Mantella Rose C. , Dore Peter M. , Andreescu Carmen , Reynolds Charles F. , Newcomer John W. , Butters Meryl A. 
Published: June 2011

ObjectiveOlder adults with anxiety disorders are burdened by impairment in neurocognition, which may be mediated by elevated circulating cortisol levels. In a randomized controlled trial of acute serotonin‐reuptake inhibitor treatment for late‐life anxiety disorder, we examined whether change in salivary cortisol concentrations during treatment predicted improvements in measures of memory and executive function.MethodsWe examined 60 adults aged 60 years and older, who took part in a 12‐week trial of escitalopram versus placebo for generalized anxiety disorder. All subjects had pre‐treatment and post‐treatment assessments that included monitoring of peak and total daily cortisol and a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation.ResultsSalivary cortisol changes during treatment showed significant associations with changes in immediate and delayed memory but no association with executive tasks (measures of working memory and set shifting). Analyses suggested that a decrease in cortisol due to serotonin‐reuptake inhibitor treatment was responsible for the memory changes: memory improvement was seen with cortisol reduction among patients receiving escitalopram but not among patients receiving placebo.ConclusionSerotonin‐reuptake inhibitor‐induced alteration in circulating cortisol during treatment of generalized anxiety disorder predicted changes in immediate and delayed memory. This finding suggests a novel treatment strategy in late‐life anxiety disorders: targeting hypothalamic–pituitary– adrenal axis dysfunction to improve memory. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Helicobacter pylori infection and the risks of Barrett's oesophagus: A population‐based case–control study
Authors: Thrift Aaron P. , Pandeya Nirmala , Smith Kylie J. , Green Adèle C. , Hayward Nicholas K. , Webb Penelope M. , Whiteman David C. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractInfection with Helicobacter pylori is associated with significantly reduced risks of oesophageal adenocarcinoma; however, few studies have examined the association between H. pylori and Barrett's oesophagus (BO), the precursor lesion. We explored the relationship between H. pylori infection and BO and sought to identify potential modifiers. We compared the prevalence of positive H. pylori serology among 217 adults with simple BO (without dysplasia), 95 with dysplastic BO and 398 population controls sourced from the metropolitan Brisbane area. We determined H. pylori serostatus using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. To estimate relative risks, we calculated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using multivariable logistic regression in the entire sample and stratified by factors known to cause BO. The prevalence of H. pylori seropositivity was 12%, 3%, and 18%, respectively, among patients with simple BO, dysplastic BO and population controls. BO patients were significantly less likely to have antibodies for H. pylori (Simple BO: OR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.30–0.86; Dysplastic BO: OR = 0.10, 95% CI: 0.03–0.33) than population controls. For simple BO, the association was diminished after adjustment for frequency of gastro‐oesophageal reflux (GOR) symptoms. Adjustment for frequency of GOR symptoms did not substantially alter the observed effect for dysplastic BO. Although there was some variation in the magnitude of risk estimates across strata of age, sex, GOR symptoms and use of proton pump inhibitors or H2‐receptor antagonists, the differences were uniformly nonsignificant. Helicobacter pylori infection is inversely associated with BO, and our findings suggest that decreased acid load is not the only mechanism underlying the H. pylori protective effect.
Prostate stem‐cell antigen gene is associated with diffuse and intestinal gastric cancer in Caucasians: Results from the EPIC‐EURGAST study
Authors: Sala Núria , Muñoz Xavier , Travier Noemie , Agudo Antonio , Duell Eric J. , Moreno Víctor , Overvad Kim , Tjonneland Anne , Boutron‐Ruault Marie Christine , Clavel‐Chapelon Françoise , Canzian Federico , Kaaks Rudolf , Boeing Heiner , Meidtner Karina , Trichopoulos Antonia , Tsiotas Konstantine , Zylis Dimosthenis , Vineis Paolo , Panico Salvatore , Palli Domenico , Krogh Vittorio , Tumino Rosario , Lund Eiliv , Bueno‐de‐Mesquita H. Bas , Numans Mattjis E. , Peeters Petra H.M. , Quirós J. Ramon , Sánchez María‐José , Navarro Camen , Ardanaz Eva , Dorronsoro Miren , Hallmans Göran , Stenling Roger , Manjer Jonas , Allen Naomi E. , Travis Ruth C. , Khaw Kay‐Tee , Jenab Mazda , Offerhaus G. Johan A. , Riboli Elio , González Carlos A. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractA genome‐wide study performed in a Japanese population identified a strong association between SNP rs2294008 (Met1Thr) in the Prostate Stem Cell Antigen gene (PSCA) and diffuse‐type gastric cancer (GC). This association was validated in different Asian populations, and, very recently, a study has been published in Caucasians. In this study, we analyzed the association between PSCA variation and GC risk in Caucasians from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. Six tagSNPs covering the PSCA gene region were genotyped in 411 incident gastric adenocarcinoma cases and 1530 matched controls from a nested case–control study in the EPIC cohort. Associations were analyzed by unconditional logistic regression, adjusting for age, sex and country. The T allele of rs2294008 in PSCA was found to be a highly significant risk factor for GC (per allele OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.23–1.66, p‐value = 6.5 × 10−6), particularly of the noncardia‐type (per allele OR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.19–1.81, p‐value = 3 × 10−4). At contrast with previous studies, no significant differences were observed between the diffuse (per allele OR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.20–1.96, p‐value = 5 × 10−4) and the intestinal (per allele OR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.20–1.93, p‐value = 5 × 10−4) GC histological subtypes. Although rs12155758 and rs9297976 were also found associated with GC, this association appeared to be due to linkage disequilibrium with rs2294008. Haplotype analysis did not provide additional information. These results confirm the association between variation in the promoter region of PSCA and GC risk in Caucasians and also indicate that the rs2294008 variant is a similar risk factor for both the diffuse and intestinal‐types of GC.
The association of circulating adiponectin levels with pancreatic cancer risk: A study within the prospective EPIC cohort
Authors: Grote Verena A. , Rohrmann Sabine , Dossus Laure , Nieters Alexandra , Halkjær Jytte , Tjønneland Anne , Overvad Kim , Stegger Jakob , Chabbert‐Buffet Nathalie , Boutron‐Ruault Marie‐Christine , Clavel‐Chapelon Françoise , Teucher Birgit , Becker Susen , Montonen Jukka , Boeing Heiner , Trichopoulou Antonia , Lagiou Pagona , Trichopoulos Dimitrios , Palli Domenico , Sieri Sabina , Tumino Rosario , Vineis Paolo , Mattiello Amalia , Argüelles Marcial , Duell Eric J , Molina‐Montes Esther , Larrañaga Nerea , Chirlaque María‐Dolores , Gurrea Aurelio Barricarte , Jeurnink Suzanne M. , Peeters Petra HM , Ye Weimin , Sund Malin , Lindkvist Björn , Johansen Dorthe , Khaw Kay‐Tee , Wareham Nick , Crowe Francesca L. , Romieu Isabelle , Rinaldi Sabina , Jenab Mazda , Romaguera Dora , Michaud Dominique S. , Riboli Elio , Bas Bueno‐de‐Mesquita H. , Kaaks Rudolf 
Published: June 2011

AbstractExcess body weight and type 2 diabetes mellitus, risk factors of pancreatic cancer, are characterized by decreased levels of adiponectin. In addition to anti‐inflammatory and anti‐proliferative actions, adiponectin has an important role in regulating glucose metabolism, i.e., decreasing circulating blood glucose levels. Prospectively, hyperglycemia has been associated with risk of pancreatic cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of pre‐diagnostic adiponectin levels with pancreatic cancer risk. We conducted a case–control study nested within European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Blood samples of 452 pancreatic cancer cases and 452 individually matched controls were analyzed by immunoassays. Multivariate conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Overall, adiponectin showed no association with pancreas cancer risk; however, among never smokers, higher circulating levels of adiponectin were associated with a reduction in pancreatic cancer risk (OR = 0.44 [95% CI 0.23–0.82] for highest vs. lowest quartile), whereas among current smokers there was no significant association (OR = 1.59 [95% CI 0.67–3.76] for highest vs. lowest quartile; p‐trend = 0.530; p‐interaction = 0.309). In our study, lower adiponectin concentrations may be associated with the development of pancreatic cancer among never smokers, whereas the only other prospective study being conducted so far showed a decrease in risk among male smokers. Therefore, further studies are needed to clarify the role of adiponectin in pancreatic cancer development.
Surface‐modified gold nanoshells for enhanced cellular uptake
Authors: Liang Zhongshi , Liu Yun , Li Xiangyang , Wu Qinge , Yu Jiahui , Luo Shufang , Lai Lihui , Liu Shunying 
Published: June 2011

AbstractGold nanoshells have shown a great potential for use as agents in a wide variety of biomedical applications, and some of which require the delivery of large numbers of gold nanoshells onto or into the cells. Here, we develop a ready method to enhance the cellular uptake of gold nanoshells by modifying with meso‐2,3‐dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA). The quantifiable technique of inductively coupled plasma atomic emissions spectroscopy (ICP‐AES) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to investigate the cellular uptake of unmodified and DMSA‐modified gold nanoshells. Three cell lines (RAW 264.7, A549, and BEL‐7402) were involved and the results indicated that the cellular uptake of the DMSA‐modified gold nanoshells was obviously enhanced versus the unmodified gold nanoshells. The reason possibly lies in the nonspecific adsorption of serum protein on the DMSA‐modified gold nanoshells (DMSA‐GNs), which consequently enhanced the cellular uptake. As a continued effort, in vitro experiments with endocytic inhibitors suggested the DMSA‐GNs internalized into cells via receptor‐mediated endocytosis (RME) pathway. This study has provided a valuable insight into the effects of surface modification on cellular uptake of nanoparticles. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A:, 2011.
Quantifying the effect of pore size and surface treatment on epidermal incorporation into percutaneously implanted sphere‐templated porous biomaterials in mice
Authors: Underwood Robert A. , Usui Marcia L. , Zhao Ge , Hauch Kip D. , Takeno Marc M. , Ratner Buddy D. , Marshall Andrew J. , Shi Xuefeng , Olerud John E. , Fleckman Philip 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe sinus between skin and a percutaneous medical device is often a portal for infection. Epidermal integration into an optimized porous biomaterial could seal this sinus. In this study, we measured epithelial ingrowth into rods of sphere‐templated porous poly(2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate) implanted percutaneously in mice. The rods contained spherical 20‐, 40‐, or 60‐μm pores with and without surface modification. Epithelial migration was measured 3, 7, and 14 days post‐implantation utilizing immunohistochemistry for pankeratins and image analysis. Our global results showed average keratinocyte migration distances of 81 ± 16.85 μm (SD). Migration was shorter through 20‐μm pores (69.32 ± 21.73) compared with 40 and 60 μm (87.04 ± 13.38 μm and 86.63 ± 8.31 μm, respectively). Migration was unaffected by 1,1′ carbonyldiimidazole surface modification without considering factors of pore size and healing duration. Epithelial integration occurred quickly showing an average migration distance of 74.13 ± 12.54 μm after 3 days without significant progression over time. These data show that the epidermis closes the sinus within 3 days, migrates into the biomaterial (an average of 11% of total rod diameter), and stops. This process forms an integrated epithelial collar without evidence of marsupialization or permigration. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A:, 2011.