bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coronavirus-related health literacy level of Turkish adults: psychometric properties of the scale
Authors: Soylar Pınar , Öztürk Fatma Özlem , Sönmez Sibel 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
An adequate level of health literacy enables people to adopt protective behaviors to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic. Validated instruments are desired to assess such reactions. This study aims to determine the level of health literacy and validity and reliability of the Coronavirus-Related Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLS-COVID-Q22) adapted to Turkish. The present study was carried out with 452 participants in Turkey using an online survey. The scale was translated from English to Turkish using the back-translation technique. The cultural adaptation was outlined in the context of establishing the validity and reliability of the instruments. A coronavirus-related health literacy measure was validated (HLS-COVID-Q22) for the Turkish population through exploratory factorial analysis, followed by a confirmatory factorial analysis. The coronavirus-related health literacy level of the participants was found to be 2.92 (± 0.51). Cronbach’s alpha internal consistency coefficient was found to be 0.95. A four-factor solution was confirmed with eigenvalues &gt; 1.0, suggesting a four-factor solution and explaining 68.84% of the total variance. It was determined that the χ2/df and root mean square residual, root mean square error of approximation and comparative fit index values in the last model had a good fit and that the normed fit index, goodness-of-fit index and adjusted goodness-of-fit index values were acceptable. The coronavirus-related health literacy level of Turkish adults was moderate. HLS-COVID-Q22 was a reliable and valid instrument for measuring coronavirus-related health literacy in the Turkish population. Promoting population-based health literacy and making decisions on accurate and reliable information are important in coping with the epidemic.
Binary black holes population and cosmology in new lights: signature of PISN mass and formation channel in GWTC-3
Authors: Karathanasis Christos , Mukherjee Suvodip , Mastrogiovanni Simone 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
The mass, spin, and merger rate distribution of the binary black holes (BBHs) across cosmic redshifts provide a unique way to shed light on their formation channel. Along with the redshift dependence of the BBH merger rate, the mass distribution of BBHs can also exhibit redshift dependence due to different formation channels and dependence on the metallicity of the parent stars. We explore the redshift dependence of the BBH mass distribution jointly with the merger rate evolution from the third gravitational wave (GW) catalogue GWTC-3 of the LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA collaboration. We study possible connections between peak-like features in the mass spectrum of BBHs and processes related to supernovae physics and time delay distributions. We obtain a preference for short-time delays between star formation and BBH mergers. Using a power-law form for the time delay distribution ($(t^{\rm min}_d)^{d}$), we find d &lt; −0.7 credible at 90 per cent interval. The mass distribution of the BBHs could be fitted with a power-law form with a redshift-dependent peak feature that can be linked to the pair instability supernovae (PISN) mass-scale MPISN(Z*) at a stellar metallicity Z*. For a fiducial value of the stellar metallicity Z* = 10−4, we find the $\rm M_{\rm PISN}(Z_*)=44.4^{+7.9}_{-6.3}$$\rm M_\odot$. This is in accordance with the theoretical prediction of the lower edge of the PISN mass-scale and differs from previous analyses. Although we find a strong dependence of the PISN value on metallicity, the model that we explored is not strongly favoured over those that do not account for metallicity as the Bayes factors are inconclusive. In the future with more data, evidence towards metallicity dependence of the PISN will have a significant impact on our understanding of stellar physics.
Data mining techniques on astronomical spectra data – III. Association analysis
Authors: Cai Jianghui , Zhang Mingxing , Yang Haifeng , Shi Chenhui , Zhou Lichan , He Yanting , Su Meihong , Zhao Xujun , Chen Jiongyu 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
Association analysis is an important task that aims to investigate correlations in astronomical spectral data and mine relationships between different data features. With the rapid development of various sky survey projects, multiple association analysis methods have been applied to efficiently investigate the correlation between spectral data. However, due to the different focuses of analysing the relationships within spectral data, the performance and applicability scenarios of association analysis methods vary. We present the third article in the series to provide a comprehensive review of algorithms for astronomical spectral association analysis. First, this paper outlines the ideas and applications of association analysis algorithms for astronomical spectra in the current literature. Secondly, experiments are conducted on a unified A-type stellar spectral data set constructed based on three different signal-to-noise ratios and data volumes to examine the performance of different algorithms in analysing the correlation between data features. The results indicate that association rule algorithms can more comprehensively and effectively uncover the correlations among different spectral features, while regression analysis algorithms offer a simpler and more intuitive approach to analysing relationships between features. The spectral data used in the experiments are obtained from the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope. Finally, the source code of association analysis algorithms and manuals for usage are provided on GitHub.
Simultaneous derivation of galaxy physical properties with multimodal deep learning
Authors: Gai Mario , Bove Mario , Bonetta Giovanni , Zago Davide , Cancelliere Rossella 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
Upcoming telescopes and surveys will revolutionize our understanding of the Universe by providing unprecedented amounts of observations on extragalactic objects, which will require new tools complementing traditional astronomy methods, in particular machine learning techniques, and above all, deep architectures. In this study, we apply deep learning methods to estimate three essential parameters of galaxy evolution, i.e. redshift, stellar mass, and star formation rate (SFR), from a data set recently analysed and tailored to the Euclid context, containing simulated H-band images and tabulated photometric values. Our approach involved the development of a novel architecture called the FusionNetwork, combining two components suited to the heterogeneous data, ResNet50 for images, and a Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) for tabular data, through an additional MLP providing the overall output. The key achievement of our deep learning approach is the simultaneous estimation of the three quantities, previously estimated separately. Our model outperforms state-of-the-art methods: overall, our best FusionNetwork improves the fraction of correct SFR estimates from ∼70 to ∼80 per cent, while providing comparable results on redshift and stellar mass.
Improved prenatal assessment of kidney disease using multiple ultrasound features
Authors: Buffin-Meyer Bénédicte , Klein Julie , Aziza Jacqueline , Fernandez Manon , Feuillet Guylène , Seye Mouhamed , Buléon Marie , Fédou Camille , Camus Mylène , Burlet-Schiltz Odile , Martinovic Jelena , Saulnier-Blache Jean-Sébastien , Decramer Stéphane , Schanstra Joost P 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Background
Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT), often discovered in utero, cover a wide spectrum of outcomes ranging from normal postnatal kidney function to foetal death. The current ultrasound workup does not allow for an accurate assessment of the outcome. The present study aimed to significantly improve the ultrasound-based prediction of postnatal kidney survival in CAKUT.

Methods
Histological analysis of kidneys of 15 CAKUT foetuses was performed to better standardize the ultrasound interpretation of dysplasia and cysts. Ultrasound images of 140 CAKUT foetuses with 2-year postnatal follow-up were annotated for amniotic fluid volume and kidney number, size, dysplasia and/or cysts using a standardized ultrasound readout. Association of ultrasound features and clinical data (sex and age at diagnosis) with postnatal kidney function was studied using logistic regression. Amniotic fluid proteome related to kidney dysplasia or cysts was characterized by mass spectrometry.

Results
Histologically, poor ultrasound corticomedullary differentiation was associated with dysplastic lesions and ultrasound hyperechogenicity was associated with the presence of microcysts. Of all ultrasound and clinical parameters, reduced amniotic volume, dysplasia and cysts were the best predictors of poor outcome (odds ratio 57 [95% confidence interval (CI) 11–481], 20 [3–225] and 7 [1–100], respectively). Their combination into an algorithm improved prediction of postnatal kidney function compared with amniotic volume alone (area under the receiver operating characteristics curve 0.92 [95% CI 0.86–0.98] in a 10-fold cross-validation). Dysplasia and cysts were correlated (Cramer's V coefficient = 0.44, P &lt; .0001), but amniotic fluid proteome analysis revealed that they had a distinct molecular origin (extracellular matrix and cell contacts versus cellular death, respectively), probably explaining the additivity of their predictive performances.

Conclusion
Antenatal clinical advice for CAKUT pregnancies can be improved by a more standardized and combined interpretation of ultrasound data.
Applying Behavioral Learning Theory in Schools
Authors: Sprague Jeffrey 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter provides terms, concepts, and evidence-supported strategies for applying behavioral learning theory in schools. The chapter begins with a brief history of behavioral learning theory (also known as applied behavior analysis, or ABA), and then a section presenting basic concepts and definitions, including the components of the operant, stimulus control, reinforcement, and punishment. The main content of the chapter describes and illustrates ABA methods for teaching new behaviors (academic and behavioral) and for increasing or decreasing problematic behaviors via simple and multicomponent approaches. This includes methods for (a) establishing (and transferring) stimulus control (teaching new behaviors), (b) increasing behaviors via reinforcement, (c) promoting generalization and maintenance, (d) decreasing behaviors via punishment, and (e) multicomponent ABA interventions, which combine several basic ABA methods in a unified manner. Each method is defined with a simple example or research study provided to illustrate their use.
DWARF TILLER1 regulates apical–basal pattern formation and proper orientation of rice embryos
Authors: Tang Jingyao , Huang Xiaorong , Sun Mengxiang , Liang Wanqi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Body axis establishment is one of the earliest patterning events in plant embryogenesis. Asymmetric zygote division is critical for apical–basal axis formation in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). However, how the orientation of the cell division plane is regulated and its relation to apical–basal axis establishment and proper position of embryos in grasses remain poorly understood. By characterizing mutants of 3 rice (Oryza sativa) WUSCHEL HOMEOBOX9 (WOX9) genes, whose paralogs in Arabidopsis play essential roles in zygotic asymmetric cell division and cell fate determination, we found 2 kinds of independent embryonic defects: topsy-turvy embryos, in which apical–basal axis twists from being parallel to the longitudinal axis of the seed to being perpendicular; and organ-less embryos. In contrast to their Arabidopsis orthologs, OsWOX9s displayed dynamic distribution during embryo development. Both DWT1/OsWOX9A and DWL2/WOX9C play major roles in the apical–basal axis formation and initiation of stem cells. In addition, DWT1 has a distinct function in regulating the first few embryonic cell divisions to ensure the correct orientation of the embryo in the ovary. In summary, DWT1 acts in 2 steps during rice embryo pattern formation: the initial zygotic division, and with DWL2 to establish the main body axes and stem cell fate 2 to 3 d after pollination.
Strebel Differentials and String Field Theory
Authors: Ishibashi Nobuyuki 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
A closed string worldsheet of genus g with n punctures can be presented as a contact interaction in which n semi-infinite cylinders are glued together in a specific way via the Strebel differential on it, if $n\ge 1,\ 2g-2+n\gt 0$. We construct a string field theory of closed strings such that all the Feynman diagrams are represented by such contact interactions. In order to do so, we define off-shell amplitudes in the underlying string theory using the combinatorial Fenchel–Nielsen coordinates to describe the moduli space and derive a recursion relation satisfied by them. Utilizing the Fokker–Planck formalism, we construct a string field theory from which the recursion relation can be deduced through the Schwinger–Dyson equation. The Fokker–Planck Hamiltonian consists of kinetic terms and three-string interaction terms.
Use of Early Ketamine Sedation and Association With Clinical and Cost Outcomes Among Mechanically Ventilated Patients With COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Royce-Nagel Galen , Jarzebowski Mary , Wongsripuemtet Pattrapun , Krishnamoorthy Vijay , Fuller Matthew , Ohnuma Tetsu , Treggiari Miriam , Yaport Miguel , Cobert Julien , Garrigan Ethan , Bartz Raquel , Raghunathan Karthik 
Published: June 2024

OBJECTIVES:
To describe the utilization of early ketamine use among patients mechanically ventilated for COVID-19, and examine associations with in-hospital mortality and other clinical outcomes.

DESIGN:
Retrospective cohort study.

SETTING:
Six hundred ten hospitals contributing data to the Premier Healthcare Database between April 2020 and June 2021.

PATIENTS:
Adults with COVID-19 and greater than or equal to 2 consecutive days of mechanical ventilation within 5 days of hospitalization.

INTERVENTION:
The exposures were early ketamine use initiated within 2 days of intubation and continued for greater than 1 day.

MEASUREMENTS:
Primary was hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes included length of stay (LOS) in the hospital and ICUs, ventilator days, vasopressor days, renal replacement therapy (RRT), and total hospital cost. The propensity score matching analysis was used to adjust for confounders.

MAIN RESULTS:
Among 42,954 patients, 1,423 (3.3%) were exposed to early ketamine use. After propensity score matching including 1,390 patients in each group, recipients of ketamine infusions were associated with higher hospital mortality (52.5% vs. 45.9%, risk ratio: 1.14, [1.06–1.23]), longer median ICU stay (13 vs. 12 d, mean ratio [MR]: 1.15 [1.08–1.23]), and longer ventilator days (12 vs. 11 d, MR: 1.19 [1.12–1.27]). There were no associations for hospital LOS (17 [10–27] vs. 17 [9–28], MR: 1.05 [0.99–1.12]), vasopressor days (4 vs. 4, MR: 1.04 [0.95–1.14]), and RRT (22.9% vs. 21.7%, RR: 1.05 [0.92–1.21]). Total hospital cost was higher (median $72,481 vs. $65,584, MR: 1.11 [1.05–1.19]).

CONCLUSIONS:
In a diverse sample of U.S. hospitals, about one in 30 patients mechanically ventilated with COVID-19 received ketamine infusions. Early ketamine may have an association with higher hospital mortality, increased total cost, ICU stay, and ventilator days, but no associations for hospital LOS, vasopressor days, and RRT. However, confounding by the severity of illness might occur due to higher extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and RRT use in the ketamine group. Further randomized trials are needed to better understand the role of ketamine infusions in the management of critically ill patients.
Critically Ill Older Adults’ Representation in Intervention Trials: A Systematic Review
Authors: Forget Marie-France , Wang Han Ting , Carignan Raphaelle , Dessureault Alexandre , Gravel Mathieu , Bienvenue Jeanne , Bouchard Maude , Durivage Camille , Coveney Richard , Munshi Laveena 
Published: June 2024

OBJECTIVES:
Older adults may be under-represented in critical care research, and results may not apply to this specific population. Our primary objective was to evaluate the prevalence of inclusion of older adults across critical care trials focused on common ICU conditions or interventions. Our secondary objective was to evaluate whether older age was used as a stratification variable for randomization or outcome analysis.

DESIGN, SETTING AND SUBJECTS:
We performed a systematic review of previously published systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in critical care. We searched PubMed, Ovid, CENTRAL, and Cochrane from 2009 to 2022. Systematic reviews of any interventions across five topics: acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), sepsis/shock, nutrition, sedation, and mobilization were eligible.

MAIN RESULTS:
We identified 216 systematic reviews and included a total of 253 RCTs and 113,090 patients. We extracted baseline characteristics and the reported proportion of older adults. We assessed whether any upper age limit was an exclusion criterion for trials, whether age was used for stratification during randomization or data analysis, and if age-specific subgroup analysis was present. The most prevalent topic was sepsis (78 trials, 31%), followed by nutrition (62 trials, 25%), ARDS (39 trials, 15%), mobilization (38 trials, 15%), and sedation (36 trials, 14%). Eighteen trials (7%) had exclusion criteria based on older age. Age distribution with information on older adults prevalence was given in six trials (2%). Age was considered in the analysis of ten trials (5%) using analytic methods to evaluate the outcome stratified by age.

Conclusions:
In this systematic review, the proportion of older critically ill patients is undetermined, and it is unclear how age is or is not an effect modifier or to what extent the results are valid for older adult groups. Reporting age is important to guide clinicians in personalizing care. These results highlight the importance of incorporating older critically ill patients in future trials to ensure the results are generalizable to this growing population.
Fibrolipoma of the lower lip: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Wang Dengshun , Yu Hongwei , Gao Tong , Lu Haibin , Wang Yu’e 
Published: June 2024

Background:Fibrolipoma of the lower lip is an uncommon condition with limited documentation in the literature. This paper provides updated insights into oral and maxillofacial lipomas through a detailed case report and comprehensive literature review, discussing clinical features, pathogenesis, diagnostic approaches, histopathology, and therapeutic strategies.Case presentation:A 54-year-old female presented with a painless, enlarging mass on the inner aspect of her right lower lip, first noticed 2 years prior. The mass, now the size of a peanut, interfered with her eating and speech. Physical examination revealed a 2.0 × 2.5 × 1.0 cm mass beneath the mucous membrane of the right lower lip. It was firm, well-demarcated, and mobile. Surgical excision was performed, and histopathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of a lower lip fibrolipoma. The lesion was successfully removed without recurrence.Conclusion:Lipomas in the oral and maxillofacial regions are rare, slow-growing benign tumors, particularly within the lips. Although their diagnosis is straightforward based on clinical presentation, histopathological confirmation is essential. Surgical resection remains the treatment of choice, with excellent prognostic outcomes.
Suboptimally Controlled Diabetes in Pregnancy: A Review to Guide Antepartum and Delivery Management
Authors: Cate Jennifer J. M. , Bloom Elizabeth , Chu Allison , Bauer Samuel T. , Kuller Jeffrey A. , Dotters-Katz Sarah K. 
Published: June 2024

Importance
Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common complications in pregnancy with adverse maternal and neonatal risks proportional to the degree of suboptimal glycemic control, which is not well defined. Literature guiding providers in identifying and managing patients at highest risk of complications from diabetes is lacking.

Objective
This article reviews the definition, epidemiology, and pathophysiology of suboptimal control of diabetes in pregnancy, including “diabetic fetopathy”; explores proposed methods of risk stratification for patients with diabetes; outlines existing antepartum management and delivery timing guidelines; and guides direction for future research.

Evidence Acquisition
Original research articles, review articles, and professional society guidelines on diabetes management in pregnancy were reviewed.

Results
The reviewed available studies demonstrate worsening maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with suboptimal control; however, the definition of suboptimal based on parameters followed in pregnancy such as blood glucose, hemoglobin A1c, and fetal growth varied from study to study. Studies demonstrating specific associations of adverse outcomes with defined suboptimal control were reviewed and synthesized. Professional society recommendations were also reviewed to summarize current guidelines on antepartum management and delivery planning with respect to diabetes in pregnancy.

Conclusions
The literature heterogeneously characterizes suboptimal glucose control and complications related to this during pregnancy in individuals with diabetes. Further research into antepartum management and delivery timing for patients with varying levels of glycemic control and at highest risk for diabetic complications is still needed.

Target Audience
Obstetricians and gynecologists, family physicians

Learning Objectives
After completing this activity, the learner will be better able to determine levels of glycemic control associated with adverse outcomes; discuss antepartum management and monitoring of patients with diabetes; and summarize recommendations for delivery timing for pregnancies with suboptimal glycemic control.
Building Knowledge Using a Novel Web-Based Intervention to Promote HPV Vaccination in a Diverse, Low-Income Population
Authors: Webster Emily M. , Ahsan Muhammad Danyal , Kulkarni Amita , Peñate Emilio , Beaumont Shanice , Ma Xiaoyue , Wilson-Taylor Melanie , Chang Jane , Ipp Lisa , Safford Monika M. , Cantillo Evelyn , Frey Melissa , Holcomb Kevin , Chapman-Davis Eloise 
Published: June 2024

(Abstracted from Gynecol Oncol 2024;181:102–109)
Significant racial and socioeconomic disparities exist in the incidence, morbidity, and mortality from cervical cancer within the United States and worldwide. Greater than 90% of cervical cancer cases are attributable to human papillomavirus (HPV), and evidence suggests an approximately 90% reduction in cervical cancer incidence among HPV-vaccinated individuals.