bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FT‐Raman spectroscopy—a rapid and reliable quantification protocol for the determination of natural indigo dye in Polygonum tinctorium
Authors: Fiedler Andrea , Baranska Malgorzata , Schulz Hartwig 
Published: June 2010

AbstractIn the recent years, Raman and IR spectroscopies have attracted increasing attention as fast, non‐invasive and widely applicable alternative analytical approaches for a variety of materials. Vibrational spectroscopy has been used in the analysis of herbal products, dyes and sensitive art objects, besides complex and aqueous biomaterials such as biopolymers or mammalian tissue. Compared to conventional analytical methods based on high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or gas chromatography, which often involves extensive and time‐consuming sample preparation, Raman or IR spectroscopy can avoid these procedures. The present work introduces a fast and reliable quantification method for the determination of naturally occurring indigo dye in dyer's knotweed (Polygonum tinctorium) based on Fourier transform (FT) Raman spectroscopy. The results were validated by HPLC‐UV, and the merits and drawbacks of the present method are elaborated. Besides the qualitative aspects of signal assignment and comparison to appropriate attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR‐FT‐IR) measurements, the Raman spectrum of dihydro indigo, an important intermediate in the indigo dying process, is presented for the first time and discussed with regard to its spectroscopic behaviour. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Raman and IR studies of TaWO5.5, ASbWO6 (A = K, Rb, Cs, Tl), and ASbWO6·H2O (A = H, NH4, Li, Na) pyrochlore oxides
Authors: Ma̧czka M. , Knyazev A. V. , Kuznetsova N. Yu. , Ptak M. , Macalik L. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractRaman and infrared (IR) spectra of defect pyrochlores TaWO5.5, NH4SbWO6·H2O, HSbWO6·H2O, LiSbWO6·H2O, NaSbWO6·H2O, KSbWO6, RbSbWO6, CsSbWO6, and TlSbWO6 were measured. The obtained spectra are discussed using the factor group approach for the cubic Fd‐3m space group, and assignment of bands to respective motions of atoms is proposed. Our results show that the phonon properties of the pyrochlores are strongly affected by disorder, and therefore Raman and IR spectroscopies are very useful tools in studying disorder in this family of compounds. In particular, our studies have shown that in these ionic conductors disorder at sites occupied by NH$_{4}^{+}$, H+, or alkali‐metal ions decreases with increasing size and mass of these ions. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Meeting the 12 lymph node (LN) benchmark in colon cancer
Authors: Rajput A. , Romanus D. , Weiser M.R. , Ter Veer A. , Niland J. , Wilson J. , Skibber J.M. , Wong Y.‐N. , Benson A. , Earle C.C. , Schrag D. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBackgroundExamining ≥12 LN in colon cancer has been suggested as a quality metric. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the 12 LN benchmark is achieved at NCCN centers compared to a US population‐based sample.MethodsPatients with stage I–III disease resected at NCCN centers were identified from a prospective database (n = 718) and were compared to 12,845 stage I–III patients diagnosed in a SEER region. Age, gender, location, stage, number of positive nodes were compared for NCCN and SEER data in regards to number of nodes evaluated. Multivariate logistic regression models were developed to identify factors associated with evaluating 12 LNs.Results92% of NCCN and 58% of SEER patients had ≥12 LN evaluated. For patients treated at NCCN centers, factors associated with not meeting the 12 LN target were left‐sided tumors, stage I disease and BMI >30.Conclusions≥12 LN are almost always evaluated in NCCN patients. In contrast, this target is achieved in 58% of SEER patients. With longer follow‐up of the NCCN cohort we will be able to link this quality metric to patterns of recurrence and survival and thereby better understand whether increasing the number of nodes evaluated is a priority for cancer control. J. Surg. Oncol. 2010;102:3–9. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Rate coefficients for the reactions CH3 + Br2 (224–358 K), CH3CO + Br2 (228 and 298 K), and Cl + Br2 (228 and 298 K)
Authors: Khamaganov V. , Crowley J. N. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractRate coefficients for the reactions of CH3 + Br2 (k2), CH3CO + Br2 (k3), and Cl + Br2 (k5) were measured using the laser‐pulsed photolysis method combined with detection of the product Br atoms using resonance fluorescence. For the reactions involving organic radicals, the rate coefficients were observed to increase with decreasing temperature and within the temperature range explored, were adequately described by Arrhenius‐like expressions: k2 (224–358 K) = 1.83 × 10−11 exp(252/T) and k3 (228–298 K) = 2.92 × 10−11 exp(361/T) cm3 molecule−1 s−1. The total, temperature‐independent uncertainty for each reaction (including possible systematic errors in Br2 concentration measurement) was estimated as ∼7% for k2 and 10% for k3. Accurate data on k5 was obtained at 298 K, with a value of 1.88 × 10−10 cm3 molecule−1 s−1 obtained (with an associated error of 6%). A limited data set at 228 K suggests that k5 is, within experimental uncertainty, independent of temperature. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 42: 575–585, 2010
Lipid nutrition and eye health
Authors: Bretillon Lionel , Acar Niyazi , Berdeaux Olivier , Bron Alain , Creuzot‐Garcher Catherine 
Published: June 2010

AbstractAccording to demographic forecasts, the elderly population will represent a growing part of the developed societies in the near future. Eye diseases are the second most prevalent pathologies after the age of 65 years. Age‐related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of irreversible vision loss in western countries. The number of people suffering from ocular pathologies is expected to increase sharply in the near future, becoming a socio‐economic burden. Recent data indicate that lipid nutrients may represent new tools in the prevention of eye diseases, and especially AMD.
Force‐Free Patterning of Polyelectrolyte Multilayers under Solvent Assistance
Authors: Han Lulu , Zhou Jing , Gong Xiao , Yang Jie , Gao Changyou 
Published: June 2010

AbstractPhysical patterns were created on hydrated PSS/PDADMAC multilayers without using external force. A typical process was to put a PDMS stamp onto the wet and swollen multilayers, which were then put into an oven and maintained for a period of time to micromold the multilayers. The influence of molding temperature and time, multilayer thickness, solvent quality, and multilayer compositions on pattern formation were elucidated. Evolution of the patterns from double lines, double strips, and meniscus‐shaped ridges to high ridges was observed under all conditions, revealing that this is a universal principle for this process. Finally, patterns on PAA/PAH and PSS/PAH multilayers were also prepared at the optimal conditions, highlighting its wide generality on the multilayer patterning.magnified image
A Serre‐Swan Theorem for Bundles of Topological Modules
Authors: Papatriantafillou Maria H. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractLet R be a unital topological ring whose set of invertible elements is open and inversion is continuous, and let X be a compact Hausdorff space admitting continuous R‐valued partitions of unity. Considering bundles over X of fibre type a projective finitely generated R‐module, we prove a Serre‐Swan type theorem: namely, the category of these bundles is equivalent to the category of projective finitely generated modules over the ring of continuous R‐valued functions on X.
Limited Sets in C(K)‐Spaces and Examples Concerning the Gelfand‐Phillips‐Property
Authors: Schlumprecht Thomas 
Published: June 2010

AbstractIn this paper we give criteria for limitedness in C(K)‐spaces and discuss the Gelfand‐Phillips‐property. We show that the Gelfand‐Phillips‐property is not a three‐space‐property, that l1 ⊄ X does not imply the Gelfand‐Phillips‐property of X and that the Gelfand‐Phillips‐property of a space X does not imply that the dual unit ball contains a w*‐sequentially precompact subset which norms X up to a constant.
Certain Norm Related Quantities of Unbounded Linear Operators
Authors: Labuschagne L. E. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractCertain norm related functions of linear operators are considered in the very general setting of not necessarily continuous linear operators in normed spaces. These are shown to be closely related to the theory of precompact, strictly cosingular and a class of Φ− type operators in addition to having applications to perturbation theory. We also obtain some basic continuity and precompactness properties of linear operators in normed spaces which are expressed in terms of the functions under consideration.
A Remark on Hamiltonian Cycles
Authors: Vu‐Dinh‐Hoa  
Published: June 2010

AbstractLet G be an undirected and simple graph on n vertices. Let ω, α and χ denote the number of components, the independence number and the connectivity number of G. G is called a 1‐tough graph if ω(G – S) ⩽ |S| for any subset S of V(G) such that ω(G − S) > 1. Letσ2 = min {d(v) + d(w)|v and w are nonadjacent}.Note that the difference α ‐ χ in 1‐tough graph may be made arbitrary large. In this paper we prove that any 1‐tough graph with σ2 > n + χ ‐ α is hamiltonian.
Non‐Zero Space Charge Approximation of Thyristors
Authors: Kern Marietta 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe subject of this paper is the time‐independent one‐dimensional version of the van Roosbroeck system. We study thyristor structures and show the existence of solutions. Instead of the zero space charge approximation we study the full problem and prove a non‐blow‐up result with respect to the current J.
Some Observations on the Integrated Cauchy Functional Equation
Authors: Shanbhag D. N. , Radhakrishna Rao C. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractIn this paper, some new observations concerning the problem of solving two or more integral equations of the type in Ramachandran, Gu and Lau (1988) and Rao and Shanbhag (1989b) are made by reducing it to the one of solving the integral equation of the type in Davies and Shanbhag (1987). Some applications of the results on integral equations are also given.
Closedness of the Set of Extreme Points in Orlicz Spaces
Authors: Suarez‐Granero Antonio , Wisła Marek 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe aim of the paper is to give necessary and sufficient conditions under which the set of extreme points of the unit ball of an Orlicz space Lϕ(μ), equipped with the Luxemburg norm, is closed. Using that description a theorem is given saying when the notions “extremal” and “nice”, for a linear bounded compact operator from Lϕ(μ) into C(Z), coincide.
Representation of Permutation Groups by Coloured Graphs
Authors: Baumann Ulrike 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe topic of this paper is representing permutation groups by connected graphs with proper edge colourings. Every connected graph G with a proper edge colouring ϕ determines a group Ac(G, ϕ) of graph automorphisms which preserve the colours of the edges. We characterize permutation groups being full groups of colour preserving automorphisms for some kinds of proper edge colourings.
Measure Valued Solutions for Non‐Newtonian Compressible Isothermal Monopolar Fluids in a Finite Channel with Nonzero Input and Output
Authors: Matušů‐Nečasová Š. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe global existence of measure valued solutions of initial boundary value problems in a bounded domain with nonzero input and output in a finite channel for the systems of partial differential equations for viscous non‐Newtonian isothermal compressible monopolar fluids and the global existence of a weak solution for multipolar fluids is proved.
False Hyperelliptic Surfaces with Section
Authors: Nara Yoshifumi Takeda 
Published: June 2010

AbstractLet X be a nonsingular relatively minimal projective surface over an algebraically closed field of characteristic p > 0. We call X a false hyperelliptic surface if X satisfies the following conditions: (1) c2(X) = 0, c1(X)2 = 0, dim Alb (X) = 1, and (2) All fibres of the Albanese mapping of X are rational curves with only one cusp of type xpv + yn = 0. In this article, we consider a false hyperelliptic surface whose Albanese mapping has a cross‐section. We prove that every false hyperellyptic surface with section arises from an elliptic ruled surface and that every false hyperelliptic surface has an elliptic fibration with multiple fibre. Moreover, we construct an example of false hyperelliptic surface with section, whose elliptic fibration has a multiple fibre of supersingular elliptic curve of multiplicity pv (v > 1).
Riemannian Metrics with the Prescribed Curvature Tensor and all Its Covariant Derivatives at One Point
Authors: Kowalski Oldřich , Belger Martin 
Published: June 2010

AbstractOn an n‐dimensional vector space, equipped with a scalar product, we prescribe (0, 4) ‐, (0, 5)‐, … type tensors R(0), R(1), …, satisfying the well‐known conditions for a curvature tensor and its derivatives and furthermore certain inequalities for the absolute values of the components of R(k). Then there is an analytic Riemannian metric g on an open ball of the Cartesian space Rn[u1, …, un] for which u1, …, un are normal coordinates and (▽(k)R)0 = R(k) (k = 0, 1, 2, …) hold under an identification of the tangent space T0Rn at the origin with the vector space; ▽(k)R denote the curvature tensor and its covariant derivatives with respect to the Levi‐Civita connection ▽ of g, respectively.
On Hardy‐Bessel Potential Spaces Over the 2‐Series Field
Authors: Tateoka Jun 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to present characterizations of the inhomogeneous Hardy‐Bessel potential spaces Fpα (K) over the 2‐series field K defined by Littlewood‐Paley type function, magnified image where Δ0(x) = 1(|x|≥1), = 0(other), Δj(x) = 2j ≥, = 0(other) (j ≥ 1). These characterizations are given by difference of functions, ball means of difference and atoms. As applications of these results we shall determine when Fpα(K) is a multiplication algebra, and prove the lower majorant property, the uniform localization property and the equivalence of Fourier multipliers.
On Light Edges and Triangles in Planar Graphs of Minimum Degree Five
Authors: Borodin Oleg V. , Sanders Daniel P. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThis paper presents two tight inequalities for planar graphs of minimum degree five. An edge or face of a plane graph is light if the sum of the degrees of the vertices incident with it is small. A light edge inequality is presented which shows that planar graphs of minimum degree five have a large number of light edges; a graph is presented which shows that this inequality cannot be improved. This completes work contributed to by Wernicke, Grünbaum, Fisk, and Borodin. A graph is presented which shows that a similar light triangle inequality of Borodin is best possible; no such graph had been previously found.
On an A Priori Estimate for Solutions of an Elliptic Equation
Authors: Faierman M. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractIn the investigation of the spectral theory of non‐selfadjoint elliptic boundary value problems involving an indefinite weight function, there arises the problem of obtaining Lp a priori estimates for solutions about points of discontinuity of the weight function. Here we deal with this problem for the case where the weight function vanishes on a set of positive measure.
Nevanlinna Matrices of Entire Functions
Authors: Berg Christian , Pedersen Henrik L. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe notion of a pre‐Nevanlinna matrix of entire functions is introduced, and we find necessary and sufficient conditions for an entire function to belong to such a matrix, thereby generalizing previous work of Krein.If one of the functions in a pre‐Nevanlinna matrix is a polynomial, then the three others arc also polynomials and their degrees differ by at most two. If the functions in a pre‐Nevanlinna matrix are transcendental they have necessarily the same order, type and indicators.
Aromatic Ring‐Fused Carborane‐Based Luminescent π‐Conjugated Polymers
Authors: Kokado Kenta , Tominaga Masato , Chujo Yoshiki 
Published: June 2010

AbstractA series of π‐conjugated polymers linked by benzocarborane (1,2‐(buta‐1′,3′‐diene‐1′,4′‐diyl)‐1,2‐dicarbadodecaborane) were synthesized via Sonogashira–Hagihara polycondensation reaction. The opened molecular structure of diiodo monomer containing benzocarborane resulted in fast polymerization and high molecular weights. The obtained polymers were fully characterized by 1H, 13C, and 11B NMR spectroscopies. UV‐vis absorption and photoluminescence studies revealed the acceptor‐profile of benzocarborane. Unlike the polymers linked by o‐carborane, these polymers exhibited strong luminescence in the solution state, presumably because the inductive effect of carborane is dominant, rather than cage‐π interactions.magnified image
When does Parkinson's disease begin?
Authors: Gaig Carles , Tolosa Eduardo 
Published: June 2010

AbstractPathological and neuroimaging studies have shown that in Parkinson's disease (PD) there is a “subclinical” or “premotor” period during which dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) degenerate but typical motor symptoms have not yet developed. Post‐mortem studies based on nigral cell counts and evaluating dopamine levels in the striata, and imaging studies assessing the nigrostriatal pathway in vivo, have estimated that this time period could last 3 to 6 years. In addition, emerging evidence indicates that the neuropathological process of PD does not start in the SN but more likely elsewhere in the nervous system: in the lower brainstem and the olfactory bulb, or even more distant from the SN, such as in the peripheral autonomic nervous system. Patients with PD frequently can present non‐motor symptoms, such as hyposmia or constipation, years before the development of classical motor signs. The physiopathology of these “premotor” symptoms, though still unclear, is currently thought to be related to early involvement by the pathological process underlying PD of non‐dopaminergic lower brainstem structures or autonomic plexuses. However, the answer to the question “when does PD start” remains uncertain. Here, we review clinical, pathological, and neuroimaging data related to the onset of the pathological process of PD, and propose that its onset is non‐motor and that non‐motor symptoms could begin in many instances 10 and 20 years before onset of motor symptoms. The variable course of the disorder once the motor symptoms develop, suggests that the start and progression of premotor PD is also highly variable andgiven the heterogeneous nature of PD, may differ depending on the cause/s of the syndrome. When and where the neuropathological process develops in PD remains uncertain. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society
The economic and environmental benefits of weather forecasts for salting operations in Devon
Authors: Ackerman J A 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThis paper sets out to show that even with a winter climate which is relatively mild, compared with conditions experienced by some European countries, Devon can save money and minimise the effect on the environment by employing sophisticated technology together with a forecast aimed specifically at road‐surface conditions. In Devon, on many nights during the winter, the forecast minimum road temperatures hover around freezing and therefore the decision to salt is not straightforward. A system has been developed in Devon which combines use of the forecast with sensor, radar and satellite data, thermal maps and a Control and Information Room which is manned 24 hours a day. Staff in the control room monitor road conditions so that salting operations can be properly timed or cancelled if conditions are ‐warmer than expected. The system has been successful in realising both economic and environmental benefits to Devon and has provided an effective and efficient service to the public in the county.
Weather forcasting procedures in an environmental programme for agricultural assistance
Authors: Ciminelli M G , Coretti C , Betello G , Priolo A , Terpessi C , Bonelli P , Redaelli G 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to give a general description of the project TERRA del Sud and to present the activities carried out as far as meteorological weather forecasting is concerned. TERRA del Sad it a system for the aquisition, processing and dissemination of environmental data, and is designed mainly to support agricultural practices and decision making in agricultural planning. Several meteorological procedures have been developed for weather forecasting. A system for the processing and displaying of meteorological images and data has been developed for analysis and nowcasting and simple methods of statistical post‐processing are applied to the ECMWF model outputs for short‐ and medium‐range forecasting of precipitation and temperature. Some preliminary results and future developments are presented.
Towards a new role for the Royal Meteorological Institute in Belgium's civil defence and emergency planning policies: The GIDS Project
Authors: Vandenberghe P 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBelgium's Civil Protection organisation, like any other public service these days, has to reorganise itself because of changes m the socio‐economic climate. In a changed society where industrial and technological risks are perceived more sharply, this organisation, which was born in the Cold War era, is nowadays more concerned with fighting industrial accidents and coordinating emergency planning activities. In this context, a project for a digitalised emergency planner is being launched with the support of the European Community. In this so‐called GIDS system, a dispersion module is indispensable. Because of the urgency of the needs of risk management, the meteorological input for it will have to he provided very rapidly, frequently and m great detail. To meet these specific needs the meteorological services may have to consider offering new kinds or new formats of ‘nowcast’ calculations. The conclusion is that, with the various meteorological services rethinking their tasks, new‐technology projects such as the CIDS system may engender a new kind of collaboration.
On the ‘state of the art’ in local weather forecasting
Authors: Balzer K 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBased partly on more than 20 years of evaluating local weather forecasts in Germany, a comprehensive analysis of the verification results of synoptic, statistical and short‐ and medium‐range forecasts was carried out in order to obtain some insight into the present ‘state of the art’ in local weather forecasting. This ‘state’ is characterised by (a) striking improvements in skill, especially for the three‐to‐six‐day period; (b) an absence of significant progress in very‐short‐range forecasting, especially for aviation purposes and rare events; (c) an important role for statistical interpretation of medium‐range forecasting products; (d) an increasing importance of direct model output for some short‐range predictands; and, finally, (e) the urgent necessity to combine all the relevant forecast information m an optimum manner in real time.
A modern teaching tool for cyclone development and structure
Authors: Saraber M J M , Heijboer L C 
Published: June 2010

AbstractA simple cyclone model is presented as a new and modern tool for use in education and training in synoptic‐dynamic meteorology. The model has been programmed on an IBM‐compatible personal computer under DOS and is used as a teaching tool by the Royal Dutch Air Force and at the Department of Meteorology of Wageningen Agricultural University. The model is based on an approximate analytical solution of the equations of motion. This solution is capable of generating a realistic mature mid‐latitude cyclone and its development in time. Several basic parameters of the solution can be varied, leading to different characteristic types of cyclone structure and development.