bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Equations to Estimate Creatinine Excretion Rate
Authors: Ix Joachim H. , Wassel Christina L. , Stevens Lesley A. , Beck Gerald J. , Froissart Marc , Navis Gerjan , Rodby Roger , Torres Vicente E. , Zhang Yaping (Lucy) , Greene Tom , Levey Andrew S. 
Published: October 2010

Summary

Background and objectives
Creatinine excretion rate (CER) indicates timed urine collection accuracy. Although equations to estimate CER exist, their bias and precision are untested and none simultaneously include age, sex, race, and weight.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
Participants (n = 2466) from three kidney disease trials were randomly allocated into equation development (2/3) and internal validation (1/3) data sets. CER served as the dependent variable in linear regression to develop new equations. Their stability was assessed within the internal validation data set. Among 987 individuals from three additional studies the equations were externally validated and compared with existing equations.

Results
Mean age was 46 years, 42% were women, and 9% were black. Age, sex, race, weight, and serum phosphorus improved model fit. Two equations were developed, with or without serum phosphorus. In external validation, the new equations showed little bias (mean difference [measured − estimated CER] −0.7% [95% confidence interval −2.5% to 1.0%] and 0.3% [95% confidence interval −2.6% to 3.1%], respectively) and moderate precision (estimated CER within 30% of measured CER among 79% [76% to 81%] and 81% [77% to 85%], respectively). Corresponding numbers within 15% were 51% [48% to 54%] and 54% [50% to 59%]). Compared with existing equations, the new equations had similar accuracy but showed less bias in individuals with high measured CER.

Conclusions
CER can be estimated with commonly available variables with little bias and moderate precision, which may facilitate assessment of accuracy of timed urine collections.
Varialvus gen. nov. (Digenea, Cryptogonimidae), from species of Lutjanidae (Perciformes) off the Great Barrier Reef, New Caledonia and the Maldives
Authors: Miller Terrence , Bray Rodney , Justine Jean-Lou , Cribb Thomas 
Published: October 2010

AbstractA survey of the cryptogonimid trematode fauna infecting Indo-West Pacific Lutjanidae (Perciformes) revealed the presence of four new species whose morphological and genetic differences relative to all other known cryptogonimids warrants the proposal of a new genus, Varialvus gen. nov. Species of this new genus were recovered from sites off Heron and Lizard Islands on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia, New Caledonia and Rasdhoo Atoll, Maldives. Varialvus gen. nov. is distinguished from all other cryptogonimid genera by the combination of a fusiform to oval body, the relatively small number of large oral spines, a median ovary which is relatively condensed and highly lobed, opposite to slightly oblique testes, uterine loops that are restricted to the hindbody and extend well posterior to the testes, and vitelline follicles that are mainly in the forebody but may extend from the anterior margin of the ovary to anterior to the intestinal bifurcation. Bayesian inference analysis of partial large subunit (LSU) rDNA sequence data for these species revealed that they formed a monophyletic clade, despite V. charadrus sp. nov. having a distinctly muscular gonotyl, which based on morphological characters alone may have warranted placement in a separate genus in the absence of DNA sequence data. At least one species of Varialvus gen. nov. is apparently widespread in the Indo-West Pacific. Three species, V. lacertus sp. nov., V. jenae sp. nov. and V. angustus sp. nov. have each been found at only one locality, but V. charadrus sp. nov. was recovered from lutjanids off the Great Barrier Reef, New Caledonia and the Maldives, demonstrating a biogeographic range of at least 10,000 kilometres. Siphoderina lutjani (Saoud, Ramadan et Al Kawari, 1988) Miller et Cribb, 2008 is transferred here as V. lutjani (Saoud, Ramadan et Al Kawari, 1988) n. comb. based on morphological and host group agreement with species of Varialvus gen. nov.
Critically endangered Pristis microdon (Elasmobranchii), as a host for the Indian parasitic copepod, Caligus furcisetifer Redkar, Rangnekar et Murti, 1949 (Siphonostomatoida): New records from northern Australia
Authors: Morgan David , Tang Danny , Peverell Stirling 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThis paper presents the first records of the parasitic copepod Caligus furcisetifer Redkar, Rangnekar et Murti, 1949 beyond Indian waters, specifically, on the body surface and head of the critically endangered largetooth sawfish (commonly referred to as the freshwater sawfish in Australia), Pristis microdon Latham, 1794 (Elasmobranchii, Pristidae), in brackish tidal waters of the Fitzroy River in the Kimberley region of Western Australia and the Leichhardt River in the Gulf of Carpentaria in northern Queensland. This represents a geographic range extension of ∼8000 km for this parasite. Further, it is only the second member of the genus Caligus to be found on an elasmobranch host in Western Australia and it is the first time this species has been reported from the Southern Hemisphere. Male biased dispersal of P. microdon may be the vector in which the parasite has dispersed from India across to northern Australia, or vice versa. A decline in populations of the critically endangered P. microdon (and possibly other pristid species) in these regions may lead to a concomitant decline in their parasite fauna.
Radiculopathy of the Eighth Cervical Nerve
Authors: Greathouse David G. , Joshi Anand 
Published: October 2010

Study Design Resident's case problem. Background The C8 nerve root is the least commonly encountered of cervical radiculopathies. The purpose of this resident's case problem is to provide an unusual presentation of a C8 radiculopathy, without cervical or proximal upper quarter symptoms, diagnosed by a combination of physical examination, electromyography (EMG) and nerve conduction studies (NCSs), and imaging. Diagnosis A 49-year-old, right-hand-dominant male was referred to the EMG/NCS laboratory for a suspected left ulnar neuropathy at the elbow. A physical examination, NCS, and EMG were performed, and a C8 radiculopathy involving both the anterior and posterior primary rami was identified. Following the EMG and NCS evaluation, the patient had enhanced magnetic resonance imaging studies that confirmed a foraminal C7-T1 herniation and associated small central disc protrusion. The patient was then referred to neurosurgery for further consultation and subsequent surgical intervention. The patient underwent a C7-T1 laminectomy, mesial facetectomy, and foraminotomy, and excision of a herniated disk using an operating microscope. The neurosurgeon noted that there was a large disk herniation containing some disk material immediately anterior to the C8 motor root, that impinged directly on the motor root. One month postoperatively, the patient had decreased pain and numbness and tingling in his arm and his hand weakness had improved. Discussion The report illustrates the utility of a combination of physical examination, EMG and NCSs, and imaging in the diagnosis of a C8 radiculopathy in a patient presenting with forearm and hand symptoms but without cervical or upper quarter symptoms. Level of Evidence Diagnosis, level 4. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2010;40(12):811–817. doi:10.2519/jospt.2010.3187
Association Between Centralization, Depression, Somatization, and Disability Among Patients With Nonspecific Low Back Pain
Authors: Edmond Susan L. , Werneke Mark W. , Hart Dennis L. 
Published: October 2010

Study Design Secondary analysis of a prospective observational cohort study. Objectives To evaluate whether depression and somatization subscores of the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R), which have been shown to identify chronic disability in individuals with nonspecific low back pain, are applicable to a different population of individuals with low back pain; and to determine if this potential association is confounded by a combination of centralization and subsequent treatment based on centralization. Background To help direct management of patients with nonspecific low back pain, recommendations include performing tests designed to identify psychosocial risk factors predictive of poor patient outcomes. SCL-90-R depression and somatization subscores have been shown to predict chronic disability among patients with low back pain. Methods SCL-90-R depression and somatization subscores and data on centralization were collected during the initial physical therapy examination of 231 consecutive patients treated for low back pain in 2 clinics. Disability was assessed by the Oswestry Disability Questionnaire at intake and discharge from physical therapy, and work status was determined by patient self-report at 6 and 12 months after discharge. Pain intensity was assessed by the numeric pain rating scale at the initial visit, and at 6- and 12-month follow-ups. Data were analyzed using logistic regression. Results Odds ratios for the association between depression and somatization subscores and patient outcomes ranged from 0.76 to 2.93. For analyses in which the data suggested a trend toward an association, the association was less evident following adjustment for centralization and centralization-based treatment. Conclusions In our sample, in which all individuals received physical therapy, and those who centralized received interventions based on the direction of centralization, SCL-90-R depression and somatization subscores were moderately associated with chronic pain and disability. This association was reduced when centralization and centralization-based treatment was considered in multivariable analyses. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2010;40(12):801–810. doi:10.2519/jospt.2010.3334
Comparison of Graded Exercise and Graded Exposure Clinical Outcomes for Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain
Authors: George Steven Z. , Wittmer Virgil T. , Fillingim Roger B. , Robinson Michael E. 
Published: October 2010

Study Design Quasi-experimental clinical trial. Objectives This study compared outcomes from graded exercise and graded exposure activity prescriptions for patients participating in a multi-disciplinary rehabilitation program for chronic low back pain. Our primary purpose was to investigate whether pain and disability outcomes differed based on treatment received (graded exercise or graded exposure). Our secondary purpose was to investigate if changes in selected psychological factors were associated with pain and disability outcomes. Background Behavioral interventions have been advocated for decreasing pain and disability from low back pain, yet relatively few comparative studies have been reported in the literature. Methods Consecutive sample with chronic low back pain recruited over a 16-month period from an outpatient chronic pain clinic. Patients received physical therapy supplemented with either graded exercise (n = 15) or graded exposure (n = 18) principles. Graded exercise included general therapeutic activities and was progressed with a quota-based system. Graded exposure included specific activities that were feared due to back pain and was progressed with a hierarchical exposure paradigm. Psychological measures were pain-related fear (Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire, Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia, Fear of Pain Questionnaire), pain catastrophizing (Coping Strategies Questionnaire), and depressive symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory). Primary outcome measures were pain intensity (visual analog scale) and self-report of disability (modified Oswestry Disability Questionnaire). Results Statistically significant improvements (P<.01) were observed for pain intensity and disability at discharge. The rate of improvement did not differ based on behavioral intervention received (P>.05 for these comparisons). Overall, 50% of patients met criterion for minimally important change for pain intensity, while 30% met this criterion for disability. Change in depressive symptoms was associated with change in pain intensity, while change in pain catastrophizing was associated with change in disability. Conclusions Physical therapy supplemented with graded exercise or graded exposure resulted in equivalent clinical outcomes for pain intensity and disability. The overall treatment effects were modest in this setting. Instead of being associated with a specific behavioral intervention, reductions in pain and disability were associated with reductions in depressive symptoms and pain catastrophizing, respectively. Level of Evidence Therapy, level 2b-. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2010;40(11):694–704. doi:10.2519/jospt.2010.3396
Static Foot Posture Associated With Dynamic Plantar Pressure Parameters
Authors: Teyhen Deydre S. , Stoltenberg Brian E. , Eckard Timothy G. , Doyle Peter M. , Boland David M. , Feldtmann Jess J. , McPoil Thomas , Christie Douglas S. , Molloy Joseph M. , Goffar Stephen L. 
Published: October 2010

Study Design Controlled laboratory study. Objective To explore potential associations between foot posture index (FPI-6) composite scores and dynamic plantar pressure measurements, and to describe each of the 6 subscales and the FPI-6 composite scores across our sample. Background The FPI-6 is a static foot posture assessment comprised of 6 observations. Extreme scores have been associated with increased injury risk. However, knowledge describing the relationship between FPI-6 scores and plantar pressure distributions during gait is limited. Methods Participants (n = 1000; 566 males, 434 females) were predominantly active adults (mean ± SD age, 30.6 ± 8.0 years; body mass index, 26.2 ± 3.7 kg/m2), who ran 3.1 ± 1.4 d/wk. Static and dynamic foot characteristics were compared using the FPI-6 and a capacitance-based pressure platform. Correlation and hierarchical stepwise regression analyses were performed to determine the most parsimonious set of dynamic pressure data associated with FPI-6 scores. Results The mean ± SD FPI-6 score was 3.4 ± 2.9 (range, −6.0 to 11.0). Only 31 participants received a score of −2 (supinated foot) on any FPI-6 subscale. Classification of a pronated foot was 2.4 times more likely than a supinated foot. A 5-variable model (R = 0.57, R2 = 0.32) was developed to describe the association between dynamic plantar pressures and FPI-6 scores. Conclusion The multivariate model associated with FPI-6 scores comprised clinically plausible variables which inform the association between static and dynamic foot postures. Different cutoff values may be required when using the FPI-6 to screen for individuals with supinated feet, given the limited number of high-arched participants identified by FPI-6 classifications. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2011;41(2):100–107, Epub 22 October 2010. doi:10.2519/jospt.2011.3412
Association Between Directional Preference and Centralization in Patients With Low Back Pain
Authors: Werneke Mark W. , Hart Dennis L. , Cutrone Guillermo , Oliver Dave , McGill Maj Troy , Weinberg Jon , Grigsby David , Oswald William , Ward Jason 
Published: October 2010

Study Design Prospective, longitudinal, observational cohort. Objectives Primary aims were to determine (1) baseline prevalence of directional preference (DP) or no directional preference (no-DP) observed for patients with low back pain whose symptoms centralized (CEN), did not centralize (non-CEN), or could not be classified (NC), and (2) to determine if classifying patients at intake by DP or no-DP combined with CEN, non-CEN, or NC predicted functional status and pain intensity at discharge from rehabilitation. Background Although evidence suggests that patient response classification criteria DP or CEN improve outcomes, previous studies did not delineate relations between DP and CEN findings and outcomes. Methods Eight therapists classified patients using standardized definitions for DP and CEN. Prevalence rates for DP and no-DP and CEN, non-CEN, and NC were calculated. Ordinary least-squares multivariate regression models assessed whether multilevel classification combining DP and CEN (DP/CEN, DP/non-CEN, DP/NC, no-DP/non-CEN, and no-DP/NC categories) predicted discharge functional status (scale range, 0 to 100, with higher values representing better function) or pain intensity (scale range, 0 to 10, with higher values representing more pain). Results Overall prevalence of DP and CEN was 60% and 41%, respectively. For those with DP, prevalence rates for DP/CEN, DP/non-CEN, and DP/NC were 65%, 27%, and 8%, respectively. The amount of variance explained (R2 values) for function and pain models was 0.50 and 0.39, respectively. Compared to patients classified as DP/CEN, patients classified as DP/non-CEN or no-DP/non-CEN reported 7.7 and 11.6 functional status units less at discharge (P<.001), respectively, and patients classified as no-DP/non-CEN reported 1.7 pain units more at discharge (P<.001). Conclusion Findings suggest that classification by pain pattern and DP can improve a therapist's ability to provide a short-term prognosis for function and pain outcomes. Level of Evidence Prognosis, level 1b-. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2011;41(1):22–31, Epub 22 October 2010. doi:10.2519/jospt.2011.3415
A Comparison of Interventions for Children With Cerebral Palsy to Improve Sitting Postural Control: A Clinical Trial
Authors: Harbourne Regina T. , Willett Sandra , Kyvelidou Anastasia , Deffeyes Joan , Stergiou Nicholas 
Published: October 2010

BackgroundThe ability to sit independently is fundamental for function but delayed in infants with cerebral palsy (CP). Studies of interventions directed specifically toward sitting in infants with CP have not been reported.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to compare 2 interventions for improving sitting postural control in infants with CP.DesignFor this randomized longitudinal study, infants under 2 years of age and at risk for CP were recruited for intervention directed toward sitting independence.SettingThe intervention was conducted at home or at an outpatient facility.Patients and InterventionFifteen infants with typical development (mean age at entry=5 months, SD=0.5) were followed longitudinally as a comparison for postural variables. Thirty-five infants with delays in achieving sitting were recruited. Infants with delays were randomly assigned to receive a home program (1 time per week for 8 weeks; mean age=15.5 months, SD=7) or a perceptual-motor intervention (2 times per week for 8 weeks; mean age=14.3 months, SD=3).MeasurementsThe primary outcome measure was center-of-pressure (COP) data, from which linear and nonlinear variables were extracted. The Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM) sitting subsection was the clinical outcome measure.ResultsThere was a main effect of time for the GMFM sitting subscale and for 2 of the COP variables. Interaction of group × time factors indicated significant differences between intervention groups on 2 COP measures, in favor of the group with perceptual-motor intervention.LimitationsThe small number of infants limits the ability to generalize the findings.ConclusionsAlthough both groups made progress on the GMFM, the COP measures indicated an advantage for the group with perceptual-motor intervention. The COP measures appear sensitive for assessment of infant posture control and quantifying intervention response.
Facial Affect Recognition in Anorexia Nervosa: Is Obsessionality a Missing Piece of the Puzzle?
Authors: Castro Liliana , Davies Helen , Hale Lucy , Surguladze Simon , Tchanturia Kate 
Published: October 2010

Objective: Socio-emotional difficulties are thought to be important maintaining factors of eating disorders. Several studies point to deficits in facial affect recognition in anorexia nervosa (AN). However, the majority of these studies fail to control for comorbidity and its effect on emotional processing. This study aims to explore how patients with AN recognize happiness and sadness in human faces, controlling for different comorbidities, namely anxiety, depression, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Methods: Thirty patients with AN, and 40 healthy participants completed a facial emotion recognition task. This task measured discrimination accuracy, response bias and response time towards sad and happy faces presented at different durations (500 ms, 2000 ms). The associations between facial affect recognition and clinical symptoms and intelligence quotient were explored. Results: Regression analysis showed that discrimination accuracy of sad faces presented for 500 ms was significantly associated with AN diagnosis, body mass index, and Obsessive-compulsive symptoms. However, the level of Obsessive-compulsive symptoms was the strongest predictor of a poor discrimination of briefly presented sad faces. Conclusions: Our results support previous studies that report emotional processing deficits in AN with obsessionality playing a pivotal role in this deficit.
Safety and maximum tolerated dose of superselective intraarterial cerebral infusion of bevacizumab after osmotic blood-brain barrier disruption for recurrent malignant glioma
Authors: Boockvar John A. , Tsiouris Apostolos J. , Hofstetter Christoph P. , Kovanlikaya Ilhami , Fralin Sherese , Kesavabhotla Kartik , Seedial Stephen M. , Pannullo Susan C. , Schwartz Theodore H. , Stieg Philip , Zimmerman Robert D. , Knopman Jared , Scheff Ronald J. , Christos Paul , Vallabhajosula Shankar , Riina Howard A. 
Published: October 2010

Object
The authors assessed the safety and maximum tolerated dose of superselective intraarterial cerebral infusion (SIACI) of bevacizumab after osmotic disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) with mannitol in patients with recurrent malignant glioma.

Methods
A total of 30 patients with recurrent malignant glioma were included in the current study.

Results
The authors report no dose-limiting toxicity from a single dose of SIACI of bevacizumab up to 15 mg/kg after osmotic BBB disruption with mannitol. Two groups of patients were studied; those without prior bevacizumab exposure (naïve patients; Group I) and those who had received previous intravenous bevacizumab (exposed patients; Group II). Radiographic changes demonstrated on MR imaging were assessed at 1 month postprocedure. In Group I patients, MR imaging at 1 month showed a median reduction in the area of tumor enhancement of 34.7%, a median reduction in the volume of tumor enhancement of 46.9%, a median MR perfusion (MRP) reduction of 32.14%, and a T2-weighted/FLAIR signal decrease in 9 (47.4%) of 19 patients. In Group II patients, MR imaging at 1 month showed a median reduction in the area of tumor enhancement of 15.2%, a median volume reduction of 8.3%, a median MRP reduction of 25.5%, and a T2-weighted FLAIR decrease in 0 (0%) of 11 patients.

Conclusions
The authors conclude that SIACI of mannitol followed by bevacizumab (up to 15 mg/kg) for recurrent malignant glioma is safe and well tolerated. Magnetic resonance imaging shows that SIACI treatment with bevacizumab can lead to reduction in tumor area, volume, perfusion, and T2-weighted/FLAIR signal.