bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
General procedure to measure fairness in regression problems
Authors: Suárez Ferreira Juliett , Slavkovik Marija , Casillas Jorge 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Fairness in artificial intelligence has emerged as a critical ethical concern, with most research focusing on classification tasks despite the prevalence of regression problems in real-world applications. We address this gap by presenting a general procedure for measuring fairness in regression problems, focusing on statistical parity as a fairness metric. Through extensive experimental analysis, we evaluate how different methodological choices, such as discretization methods, algorithm selection, and parameter optimization, impact fairness outcomes in regression tasks. Our primary contribution is a systematic framework that helps practitioners assess and compare fairness across various approaches to solving regression problems, providing clear guidelines for selecting appropriate strategies based on specific problem requirements. The results demonstrate the importance of carefully considering procedural decisions when evaluating fairness in regression contexts, as these choices influence both model performance and fairness outcomes.
Effect of moderate wine consumption on the activity of enzymes involved in Platelet Activating Factor metabolism and thrombotic biomarkers: A randomized, single-blind, parallel, clinical study in coronary heart disease men patients
Authors: Fragopoulou Elizabeth , Argyrou Chrysa , Matalliotaki Eleni , Pafilas Christos , Detopoulou Maria , Antonopoulou Smaragdi , Kolovou Genovefa , Kalogeropoulos Petros 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A randomized parallel intervention study was conducted with male patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease. Participants were assigned to three groups: Group A abstained from alcohol (n=20), Group B consumed red wine (n=21) and Group C (n=16) consumed an alcoholic beverage without wine micro-constituents. Biological samples were collected at baseline, 4 and 8 weeks. Enzyme activities of acetyl-CoA:lyso-PAF acetyltransferase (LysoPAF-AT), CDP-choline:1-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol cholinephosphotransferase (PAF-CPT), PAF-acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) in leukocyte homogenates, serum lipoprotein associated phospholipase-A2 (LpPLA2) and plasma markers of thrombosis were measured. PAF-, adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-, and collagen- induced platelet aggregation was measured in human platelet rich plasma.
Red wine consumption led to 15.3% reduction in LysoPAF-AT activity at 4 weeks (p=0.008) compared to baseline and Group A (p=0.01). PAF-CPT activity was reduced by 11.1% at 8 weeks (p=0.04) compared to baseline, and by 24.9% compared to Group C (p=0.02). PAF-AH activity was reduced by 36.2% at 8 weeks compared to baseline (p=0.001) and compared to Group A (p<0.000) and Group C (p=0.009). Fibrinogen levels in Group B reduced by 6-9% at 4 (p=0.04) and 8 weeks (p=0.01) compared to baseline while d-dimer in Group C increased by 16.1% at 8 weeks (p=0.005) compared to baseline. Platelet aggregation against PAF and collagen was reduced in Group B (82.6% and 35.4%, respectively), and in Group C (158.4% and 37.1%, respectively) compared to baseline and Group A (p<0.05).
In conclusion, moderate wine consumption improved the activity of PAF-metabolism enzymes regardless of ethanol and reduced platelet aggregation probably through mechanisms different from those of ethanol.
Trajectories of attention problems in autistic children and relations to social skills outcomes
Authors: Richard Annie Elise , Duku Eric , Bennett Teresa A. , Szatmari Peter , Vaillancourt Tracy , Zwaigenbaum Lonnie , Georgiades Stelios , Zaidman-Zait Anat , Kerns Connor M. , Bedford Rachael , Smith Isabel M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Co-occurring autism and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have been associated with poorer social skills. Most studies examining the association of ADHD symptoms and social skills in autism employ categorical and cross-sectional designs, which provide a narrow view of the development of ADHD symptoms. Using group-based trajectory modeling, we identified five trajectories of caregiver-reported attention problems in an inception cohort of autistic children (N = 393) followed from age 2–5 years (T1) to age 10.5–11 years (T8): Low-Stable (LS; 15.5% of participants), Low-Decreasing (LD; 25.2%), Low-Increasing (LI; 19.2%), Moderate-Decreasing (MD; 32.9%), and High-Stable (HS; 7.2%). Child FSIQ and caregiver age at baseline were lower and caregiver depression at baseline was higher for participants in the MD group than the LS group. Psychotropic medication use was associated with higher attention problems. The MD and HS groups had similar mean Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, Second Edition (VABS-II) Socialization standard scores at T8, which were lower than other groups. The LI group had lower Socialization scores than the LS group. Results support that a decline in caregiver-reported attention problems is common but not universal in autistic children and that even moderate/subclinical attention problems may relate to social skills outcomes in autism.
Molecular elucidation of cement hydration inhibition by silane coupling agents
Authors: Chen Binmeng , Wang Meng , Manzano Hegoi , Zhao Yuyang , Li Yunjian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Silane coupling agents are widely recognized to retard early hydration when incorporated into fresh cement paste, yet the atomic-level mechanisms underlying their effects on clinker dissolution, such as adsorption of silane monomer onto reactive surface sites and modification of ion detachment pathways, remain unexplored. Here we show dissolution behavior of tricalcium silicate (Ca3SiO5) under 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane impact using ab initio metadynamics, with experimental validation of the retardation effects in silane-treated pastes. The shielding effect of silane induces shifts in free energy changes of stepwise calcium dissolution from negative to positive and alters the most stable Ca coordination state during dissolution, resulting in the transition of dissolution from spontaneous to non-spontaneous. Specifically, hydrolyzed silane adsorbs dissociatively onto the Ca3SiO5 surface by forming ionic Ca-O bonds, thereby occupying reactive sites and introducing steric hindrance. This, in turn, impedes coordination interactions between calcium ions and water molecules. Experimental results further corroborate these interactions, as evidenced by reduced calcium concentrations in silane-treated pastes, which in turn slowed the hydration process. These findings offer nanoscale insights into the role of SCAs in cement hydration and provide a foundation for future research into the complex interactions within organic/cement systems.
Combined immunization with SARS-CoV-2 spike and SARS-CoV nucleocapsid protects K18-hACE2 mice but increases lung pathology
Authors: Kim Jaekwan , Kachko Alla , Selvaraj Prabhuanand , Rotstein David , Stauft Charles Brandon , Rajasagi Naveen , Zhao Yangqing , Wang Tony , Major Marian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 have targeted the spike protein and have been successful at preventing disease. However, with the emergence of variants, spike-specific vaccines become less effective. The nucleocapsid protein is relatively conserved among variants of SARS-CoV-2 and is a candidate for addition to spike in next generation vaccines for the induction of T cell protection. Previous studies on SARS-CoV have suggested that the induction of an immune response to nucleocapsid could result in enhanced disease. Using the K18-hACE2 mouse model we investigated immunization with a variant nucleocapsid, from SARS CoV (N1) alone or in combination with spike from SARS-CoV-2 and compared this to nucleocapsid from SARS-CoV-2 (N2). The spike-nucleocapsid-based vaccines conferred protection against SARS-CoV-2 in lungs and brain and decreased lung pathology compared to control mice. However, higher T and B cell immune responses were observed in N1-immunized mice prior to challenge, whether delivered alone or with spike, and immunization with N1 resulted in increased lung pathology compared to immunization with spike or N2. These findings suggest that spike-nucleocapsid-based vaccines are safe and effective, even with variant nucleocapsid sequences, but that viral control in this mouse model may be associated with higher lung pathology, compared to spike immunization alone, due to the immunogenic qualities of the nucleocapsid antigen.
A realworld pharmacovigilance study of trazodone based on the FDA adverse event reporting system
Authors: Yu Yong , Sun Xin , Hao Liqun , Zhang Xiaoyan , Guo Yankui 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
To explore and analyze the potential adverse event (AE) signals of trazodone, with reference to the safe clinical use of drugs. Based on the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS), the AE data of trazodone were extracted from the first quarter of 2004 to the second quarter of 2024, and the extracted data were statistically analyzed using the method, to identify valid AE signals that met our judgment, compare them with those recorded in the authorized information for trazodone thereby identifying unexpected potential adverse reactions. A total of 5199 AE reports with trazodone as the main suspect were extracted, with a higher reported proportion of females (52.68%) than males (38.83%). Many reports (31.47%) did not provide age information, although for those reports with identifiable age data, the 50–60 years age group was the most common (14.20%), and the country of reporting was predominantly the United States (82.58%). A total of 179 significant AE signals were unearthed, with suicide, formulation toxicity, abnormal penile erection, insomnia, and cardiac and respiratory arrest reported with high frequency, which was not entirely consistent with the specification record. The study unearthed 156 new potential AEs on the basis of trazodone drug inserts and suggested precautions for overdosing and dose adjustment, which is conducive to safeguarding the safety of patients’ medication.
Immediate early splicing controls translation in activated T-cells and is mediated by hnRNPC2 phosphorylation
Authors: Dróżdż Mateusz , Zuvanov Luíza , Sasikumar Gopika , Bose Debojit , Bruening Franziska , Robles Maria S , Preußner Marco , Wahl Markus , Heyd Florian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The fast and transient induction of immediate early genes orchestrates the cellular response to various stimuli. These stimuli trigger phosphorylation cascades that promote immediate early gene transcription independent of de novo protein synthesis. Here we show that the same phosphorylation cascades also target the splicing machinery, inducing an analogous splicing switch that we call immediate early splicing (IES). We characterize hnRNPC2-controlled IES, which depends on the MEK-ERK pathway and the T cell-specific kinase PKCθ. This splicing switch mainly targets components of the translation machinery, such as mRNAs encoding ribosomal proteins and eIF5A. Inducing the eIF5A IES protein variant is by itself sufficient to reduce global translation, and consistently, we observe reduced de novo protein synthesis early after T cell activation. We suggest that immediate early splicing and the ensuing transient decrease in translation efficiency help to coordinate the extensive changes in gene expression during T cell activation. Together, these findings set a paradigm for fast and transient alternative splicing in the immediate cellular response to activation, and provide evidence for its functional relevance during T-cell stimulation.
Portimine A toxin causes skin inflammation through ZAKα-dependent NLRP1 inflammasome activation
Authors: Gorse Léana , Plessis Loïc , Wearne Stephen , Paradis Margaux , Pinilla Miriam , Chua Rae , Lim Seong Soo , Pelluz Elena , TOH Gee-Ann , Mazars Raoul , Bomfim Caio , Hervé Fabienne , Lhaute Korian , Réveillon Damien , Suire Bastien , Ravon-Katossky Léa , Benoist Thomas , Fromont Léa , Péricat David , Neil Mertens Kenneth , Derrien Amélie , Terre-Terrillon Aouregan , Chomérat Nicolas , Bilien Gwenaël , Séchet Véronique , Carpentier Liliane , Fall Mamadou , Sonko Amidou , Hakim Hadi , Sadio Nfally , Bourdeaux Jessie , Cougoule Céline , Henras Anthony K , Perez-Oliva Ana Belen , Brehmer Patrice , Roca Francisco J , Zhong Franklin L , Common John , Meunier Etienne , Hess Philipp 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In 2020–2021, a “mysterious illness” struck Senegalese fishermen, causing severe acute dermatitis in over one thousand individuals following exposure through drift-net fishing activity. Here, by performing deep analysis of the environmental samples we reveal the presence of the marine dinoflagellate Vulcanodinium rugosum and its associated cyclic imine toxins. Specifically, we show that the toxin PortimineA, strongly enriched in environmental samples, impedes ribosome function in human keratinocytes, which subsequently activates the stress kinases ZAKα and P38 and promotes the nucleation of the human NLRP1 inflammasome, leading to the release of IL-1β/IL-18 pro-inflammatory cytokines and cell death. Furthermore, cell-based models highlight that naturally occurring mutations in the P38-targeted sites of human NLRP1 are unable to respond to PortimineA exposure. Finally, the development and use of human organotypic skins and zebrafish models of PortimineA exposure demonstrate that the ZAKα-NLRP1 axis drives skin necrosis and inflammation. Our results exemplify the threats to human health caused by emerging environmental toxins and identify ZAKα and NRLP1 as important pharmacological targets to mitigate PortimineA toxicity.
Unified Odd‐Descent Regularization for Input Optimization
Authors: Zhou Zheng‐Sen , Lai Zhao‐Rong 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTActivation‐descent regularization is a crucial approach in input optimization for ReLU networks, but traditional methods face challenges. Converting discrete activation patterns into differentiable forms introduces half‐space division, high computational complexity, and instability. We propose a novel local descent regularization method based on a network of arbitrary odd functions, which unifies half‐space processing, simplifies expression, reduces computational complexity, and enriches the expression of the activation descent regularization term. Furthermore, by selecting an arbitrary differentiable odd function, we can derive an exact gradient descent direction, solving the non‐differentiability problem caused by the non‐smooth nature of ReLU, thus improving optimization efficiency and convergence stability. Experiments demonstrate the competitive performance of our approach, particularly in adversarial learning applications. This work contributes to both theory and practice of regularization for input optimization.
Non-radiating anapole state in dielectric nanostructures and metamaterials
Authors: Wang Junqiao , Yang Jinyuan , Mei Yewen 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Plasmonic metamaterials and all-dielectric metamaterials, based on metallic or dielectric nanostructures, can concentrate light into subwavelength regions and manipulate light at nanometre length scales through the collective oscillation of free electrons in a metal (plasmon resonances) or from the oscillation of polarization charges and the circular displacement current that are excited inside dielectric mate¬rial (Mie resonances). However, the plasmonic nanostructures undergo large Joule losses and inevitable thermal heating. The all-dielectric metamaterials may overcome the critical issue of heat dissipation and could bridge the gap between fundamental nanoscience and devices. The dielectric resonance elements can be excited by electric and magnetic Mie resonances, and these Mie-type resonance modes can couple or interfere with each other or with other optical modes. Specially, while the radiation of the electric dipole and toroidal dipole modes are similar and in opposite phases, the total scattering cancelation in the far field is reduced to zero, i. e. non-radiating anapole dark state is generated. By manipulating of interaction of multipolar resonances in structured materials, the new field of all-dielectric resonant meta-optics has achieved rapid development. Here, we review the recent development of anapole dark state in dielectric metamaterials, including excitation, probing, coupling, and manipulation. We further discuss the potential applications of anapole state in nanophotonics. This review provides the new insight of anapole physics for achieving flexible and advanced control of light in dielectric nanostructures at the nanoscale.
Design of maneuver libraries for intelligent tactical decision systems
Authors: Qian Bangfei , Gong Zheng , Meng Hangbiao , Zhao Juncheng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
For intelligent tactical decision systems, this paper establishes a maneuver library with unified output commands based on a three-degree-of-freedom model using a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. Taking Split S and combat turn as examples, simulation results show that the designed maneuvers accurately reflect their geometric shapes and tactical significance, and can be effectively controlled through the control system.
Optimization of oil-cooled blade structures based on data-driven approaches
Authors: Cao Bo , Yu Yi , Sun Jingchuan , Zhang Lina 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The continuous escalation of turbine inlet temperatures in aero-engine applications has rendered traditional air-cooling techniques insufficient to undertake the efficient cooling of turbine guide vanes solely. In this context, oil-cooling technology has emerged as a potent complement to air-cooling methods. The stable operating temperature limit of fuel, when used as a coolant, is merely 523 K. In contrast, turbine guide vanes operate at temperatures as high as 1, 900 K, with material allowable temperatures strictly constrained within 1, 373 K. Designing efficient and safe oil-cooled blade structures becomes paramount to the successful application of oil-cooling technology. This paper presents a layered oil-cooled turbine blade structural design scheme, which ingeniously integrates insulation and heat conduction mechanisms, effectively enhancing the oil-cooling system’s adaptability to complex thermal flow environments and notably optimizing the uniformity of temperature distribution on the blade surface. Leveraging commercial simulation software, reduced order models and high-fidelity response surface models of the oil-cooled blades were constructed to conduct a parametric analysis of the layered oil-cooling structure. Under the conditions of ensuring cooling effectiveness and preventing fuel overheating, optimal design parameters for the internal structure of the layered oil-cooled turbine blades were identified, thereby establishing a comprehensive data-driven optimization methodology framework that supports thermal protection design in aero-engine.
Effect of reynolds number on buffet loads of horizontal tail in civil aircraft
Authors: Chen Zhenyu , Zhang Lingfeng , Liu Yang , Wu Dawei , Wei Xiaorong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this paper, the influence of the Reynolds number on the buffeting characteristics of the horizontal tail of a civil aircraft is investigated through CFD analysis and wind tunnel testing, providing valuable insights for the aerodynamic and structural strength design of horizontal tails in civil aircraft. The results indicate that the vibration response of the horizontal tail structure is driven by the separated flow from the main wing as well as the tail’s own separated flow. While the Reynolds number significantly affects the root mean square value of the buffet loads on the tail surface and the structural vibration response, it has no substantial impact on the frequency distribution of buffet load energy.
Design of a machine learning driven helicopter noise suppression system
Authors: Zhou Wenzheng , Du Dalong , Li Yang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Helicopter noise poses significant challenges to pilot health and flight safety. To address this issue, our research team has developed an intelligent noise recognition and suppression system. This system uses optimized sensor arrangements and efficient signal processing methods to accurately extract noise features. The deep learning model achieved an accuracy of 95.8% in noise classification tasks, and ensemble learning strategies further enhanced system robustness. The active noise control component achieved an average suppression effect of 18.7 dB in the 100-500Hz frequency range. The system demonstrated stable and reliable performance under various flight conditions and environmental settings, significantly improving the acoustic environment of the cockpit. This achievement provides technical support for improving helicopter pilot safety and comfort and offers valuable insights for other noise control applications.
The numerical simulation research of civil aviation engineer internal flow stability
Authors: Liu Zhenxiong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Steady three-dimensional numerical simulations have been used for the civil aviation engineer model to research internal flow stability. A comparison of the numerical method with empirical data validates the accuracy of CFD predictions, revealing a high level of agreement between the two. The simulation of the internal flow field indicates that the tip leakage vortex retains its form in the downstream area beyond the shock wave, achieving peak efficiency, while maintaining a stable vortex vector direction. When the vortex nears a stall condition, vigorous interaction between the vortex and the shock wave leads to the disintegration of the vortex, resulting in a spiral formation. The presence of a low-energy fluid region at the rotor blade’s tip is attributed to the intrusion of the leakage vortex, which may trigger flow instability. The characteristics of this phenomenon resemble those of rotational instability, highlighting the intricate nature of the flow dynamics.
Riveting deformation prediction of aircraft thin-walled parts based on BAS-BP neural network
Authors: Hu Yuanfan , Zhu Yongguo , Guo Feng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The contact surface is rough, which affects the riveting process. Firstly, the mechanical analysis of riveting deformation is carried out. Force and contact stiffness of joint surfaces are constructed by fractal contact theory. The fractal contact model of the rough surface of thin-walled parts is established. Based on the measured data of the riveting surface, the finite element analysis model of the rough surface of thin-walled parts is established. The interference uniformity of thin-walled parts is influenced by variables such as riveting force, riveting force action time, the length of the rivet, thin-walled part aperture, and fractal dimension. Finally, the BAS-BP is compared with the riveting deformation prediction data of thin-walled parts optimized by other algorithms.
Sliding mode guidance law with Field-of-view constraint and impact time control for missiles
Authors: Zhang Ziqi , Yin Zhongjie , Meng Wanli , Lu Zhengyu , Song Tianwei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study introduces an innovative guidance law that allows for controlled impact time while meeting the missile’s field-of-view angle constraints. The equation that shows the missile-target relative movement is first established. A non-singular sliding mode guidance law is designed, leveraging sliding mode control theory. Under the field-of-view constraints, the impact time reaches the desired value, as proven according to the Lyapunov stability theory. The analyses derived from the numerical simulation support that the missile’s field-of-view angle remains within constraints throughout the attack process, and the control commands are smooth without singularities. The research findings hold significant value as a reference for designing multi-missile coordinated attack strategies.