bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance of Community Pharmacists in Providing Clinical Medication Reviews
Authors: Laaksonen Raisa , Duggan Catherine , Bates Ian 
Published: June 2010

Background: Drug-related problems (DRPs) may result in adverse drug reactions causing hospital admissions (5–17%); older patients in particular may experience such reactions during a hospital stay (6–17%). While community pharmacists can identify DRPs through clinical medication reviews, little is known about how well they perform in providing such reviews. Objective: To assess trained community pharmacists' performance in writing care plans and referrals when providing clinical medication reviews to elderly patients as part of a patient outcome–focused Medicines Management project. Methods: In the south of England, 43 community pharmacists were recruited from 80 local community pharmacies; 37 completed clinical pharmacy training to provide medication reviews for elderly patients who were receiving prescriptions for 4 or more medicines from local general practices. Eleven trained pharmacists withdrew and did not provide any reviews. As part of quality assurance, a clinical pharmacist reviewed all care plans and referrals written by the community pharmacists and, if required, amended referrals before they were sent to the patients' family physicians with recommendations. The referrals written by the community pharmacists were compared with those written by the clinical pharmacist and were deemed to be accurate or incomplete (the community pharmacists could provide verbal information to the physicians) if the observations of DRPs and suggestions to solve them were beneficial to patients. Incorrect or missing observations and suggestions were considered non-beneficial to patients. Results: The performance assessment was based on a sample of 244 referrals written by 20 community pharmacists. The clinical pharmacist identified 908 DRPs and suggested 1489 solutions; the community pharmacists beneficially identified 75% of these DRPs (1% were incorrectly identified and 24% were missed) and suggested 58% of the solutions (6% were incorrectly suggested and 36% were missed). Conclusions: The community pharmacists beneficially identified most DRPs and suggested many solutions. However, the assessment may underestimate the community pharmacists' abilities, as it relied on the records they kept and was based on a gold standard. While the pharmacists were self-selected, this study provides valuable insight into trained community pharmacists' clinical medication review performance.
Assessing Anticoagulation Knowledge in Patients New to Warfarin Therapy
Authors: Winans Amanda R McFee , Rudd Kelly M , Triller Darren 
Published: June 2010

Background: Warfarin is highly efficacious for the treatment and prevention of thromboembolic disorders. However, anticoagulation control has been a longstanding challenge, as patients' lack of knowledge of warfarin therapy is a predictor of nonadherence and compromised patient safety. Objective: To ascertain whether hospitalized patients newly initiated on warfarin are provided adequate anticoagulation education during hospitalization, as measured at discharge, as well as determine whether there is a difference in the knowledge obtained by patients educated via a structured program versus those counseled by “usual care.” Methods: A prospective evaluation of warfarin education of inpatients new to warfarin therapy was performed at Bassett Medical Center, Cooperstown, NY. Patients who were admitted to the hospital and receiving warfarin for any given diagnosis, were >18 years of age and able to give informed consent, and spoke English were recruited. Patients with dementia or cognitive impairment, those who were pregnant, or those who had previously been on warfarin therapy were excluded. Recruited patients received warfarin education in the form of a structured program provided by a pharmacist or counseling by usual care during hospitalization. Prior to discharge, the Oral Anticoagulation Knowledge (OAK) test, a prevalidated tool used to measure warfarin knowledge, was administered to evaluate outcomes. Further warfarin education was provided post-test if necessary. Results: The intervention group (n = 20) scored significantly higher on the OAK test than the usual care group (n = 20): 74% versus 55%, respectively (p = 0.004). Conclusions: This preliminary study demonstrated that there is a large amount of variability regarding patient knowledge of warfarin on discharge from an inpatient facility. A formalized inpatient warfarin education program may empower patients to achieve a larger degree of initial warfarin knowledge than those educated by usual care. Previous studies have demonstrated that this may improve adherence and subsequently increase long-term safety associated with oral anticoagulation. Larger, prospective, randomized studies are necessary to further evaluate patient education and safety outcomes.
Quantification of fungal colonization in modified wood: Quantitative real-time PCR as a tool for studies on Trametes versicolor
Authors: Pilgård Annica , Alfredsen Gry , Hietala Ari 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Traditional wood preservatives based on biocides are effective against wood-deteriorating organisms because of their toxicity. By contrast, modified woods are non-toxic by definition. To investigate the efficiency of various wood modifications, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to profile the DNA amounts of the white-rot fungus Trametes versicolor (L.) [Lloyd strain CTB 863 A] during an 8-week-long growth period in treated Pinus sylvestris (L.) sapwood. The studied wood was modified by acetylation, furfurylation, and thermal treatment. The traditional wood preservatives bis-(N-cyclohexyldiazeniumdioxy)-copper (Cu-HDO) and chromated copper arsenate (CCA) were used as references, whereas untreated P. sylvestris (L.) sapwood served as a control. The maximum levels of fungal DNA in native wood occurred at the end of the experiment. For all wood treatments, the maximum fungal DNA level was recorded after an incubation period of 2 weeks, followed by a decline until the end of the trial. For the preservative-treated woods, Cu-HDO showed the lowest level of fungal DNA throughout the experiment, indicating that exploratory hyphal growth is limited owing to the phytotoxicity of the treatment. The other treatments did not inhibit the exploratory hyphal growth phase. We conclude that qPCR studies of hyphal growth patterns within wood should provide a powerful tool for evaluating and further optimizing new wood protection systems.
Changes in C-reactive protein levels before type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular death: the Whitehall II study
Authors: Tabák A G , Kivimäki M , Brunner E J , Lowe G D , Jokela M , Akbaraly T N , Singh-Manoux A , Ferrie J E , Witte D R 
Published: June 2010

ObjectiveProspective studies show that high C-reactive protein (CRP) levels predict diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD), but changes in this marker preceding disease onset are not well characterized. This study describes CRP trajectories prior to type 2 diabetes onset and fatal CVD.MethodsIn a prospective cohort of 7350 British civil servants (70% male, mean age 51 years), 558 incident type 2 diabetes cases (75-g oral glucose tolerance test, doctor's diagnosis, or self-report) and 125 certified fatal cardiovascular events were observed during a median follow-up of >14 years. Trajectories of logarithmically transformed CRP levels prior to incident diabetes or fatal cardiovascular event (cases), or the end of follow-up (controls) were calculated using multilevel modeling.ResultsBaseline CRP levels were higher among participants who developed diabetes (median (interquartile range) 1.44 (2.39) vs 0.78 (1.21) mg/l) or fatal CVD (1.49 (2.47) vs 0.84 (1.30) mg/l) compared with controls (bothP<0.0001). In models adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, ethnicity, and employment grade, CRP levels increased with time among both incident diabetes cases and controls (P<0.0001), but this increase was less steep for cases group (P<0.05). CRP levels followed increasing linear trajectories in fatal cardiovascular cases and controls (P<0.0001) with no slope difference between the groups.ConclusionsCRP levels were higher among those who subsequently developed diabetes or died from CVD. For type 2 diabetes, age-related increase in CRP levels was less steep in the cases group than in controls, whereas for fatal CVD these trajectories were parallel.
Species boundaries and frequency of hybridization in the Dryopteris carthusiana (Dryopteridaceae) complex: A taxonomic puzzle resolved using genome size data
Authors: Ekrt Libor , Holubová Renata , Trávníček Pavel , Suda Jan 
Published: June 2010

• Premise of the study: Genome duplication and interspecific hybridization are important evolutionary processes that significantly influence phenotypic variation, ecological behavior, and reproductive biology of land plants. These processes played a major role in the evolution of the Dryopteris carthusiana complex. This taxonomically intricate group composed of one diploid (D. expansa) and two allotetraploid (D. carthusiana and D. dilatata) species in Central Europe. Overall phenotypic similarity, great plasticity, and the incidence of interspecific hybrids have led to a continuous dispute concerning species circumscription and delimitation.• Methods: We used flow cytometry and multivariate morphometrics to assess the level of phenotypic variation and the frequency of hybridization in a representative set covering all recognized species and hybrids.• Key results: Flow cytometric measurements revealed unique genome sizes in all species and hybrids, allowing their easy and reliable identification for subsequent morphometric analyses. Different species often formed mixed populations, providing the opportunity for interspecific hybridization. Different frequencies of particular hybrid combinations depended primarily on evolutionary relationships, reproductive biology, and co‐occurrence of progenitors.• Conclusions: Our study shows that genome size is a powerful marker for taxonomic decisions about the D. carthusiana complex and that genome size data may help to resolve taxonomic complexities in this important component of the temperate fern flora.
Upper Cretaceous woods from the Olmos Formation (late Campanian–early Maastrichtian), Coahuila, Mexico
Authors: Estrada‐Ruiz Emilio , Martínez‐Cabrera Hugo I. , Cevallos‐Ferriz Sergio R. S. 
Published: June 2010

•Premise of the study: The Olmos Formation was part of a system of deltas that existed in the southern portion of the Western Interior of North America during the Campanian‐Maastrichtian. The paleofloristic composition from the northern portions of the Epicontinental Sea is relatively well known, but less intensive exploration in the south has precluded more detailed floristic comparison across the entire latitudinal span of the Sea. The Olmos Formation flora, with more than 100 different leaf morphotypes so far recognized and several wood types, has the most diverse Cretaceous fossil plant assemblage in Mexico and represents a valuable opportunity for comparative studies.•Methods: The fossil woods here described were collected in the Coahuila State, Mexico. The samples were studied using standard thin section technique and identified by comparison with fossil and extant material.•Key results: We described four new genera (Olmosoxylon, cf. Lauraceae;Coahuiloxylon, ?Anacardiaceae, ?Burseraceae;Muzquizoxylon, Cornaceae; andWheeleroxylon, Malvaceae s.l.) and three xylotypes of angiosperms.•Conclusions: Some of the genera present in the Olmos Formation such asJavelinoxylonandMetcalfeoxylonhave been described from geologic units in the USA (San Juan Basin, New Mexico and Big Bend National Park, Texas), suggesting similarity in the taxonomic composition of the floras that inhabited southern portions of the western margin of the Campanian‐Maastrichtian Epicontinental Sea. Other species, however, have only been reported for the Olmos Formation, indicating some degree of local floristic differentiation among the assemblages that inhabited the southern portion of the Western Interior.
Ten microsatellite markers in endangered species Sauvagesia rhodoleuca (Ochnaceae)
Authors: Li Xiao‐Yi , Wang Zheng‐Feng , Zhu Peng , Ye Wan‐Hui , Huang Xiao‐Feng , Wu Lin‐Fang , Chai Sheng‐Feng , Cao Hong‐Lin 
Published: June 2010

• Premise of the study: We developed microsatellite markers to investigate the level of genetic diversity within and among populations of the endemic shrub Sauvagesia rhodoleuca in China.• Methods and Results: Ten polymorphic microsatellite loci were identified in five populations. The number of alleles per locus varied from 2 to 16. Observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.000 to 1.000 and from 0.000 to 0.726, respectively.• Conclusions: The results provide basic information on genetic diversity for future studies of population genetics in S. rhodoleuca.
A set of microsatellite markers for Arrabidaea chica (Bignoniaceae), a medicinal liana from the Neotropics
Authors: Figueira Glyn M. , Ramelo Pamela R. , Ogasawara Daniela C. , Montanari Ilio , Zucchi Maria I. , M.Cavallari Marcelo , Foglio Mary A. 
Published: June 2010

• Premise of the study: Microsatellite markers were developed, optimized, and characterized for Arrabidaea chica (Humb. & Bonpl.) Verl. (Bignoniaceae), a Neotropical liana extensively used in folk medicine. The aim of this study was to develop molecular tools to investigate the genetic structure and diversity of natural populations and germplasm collections of this species.• Methods and Results: Eight highly polymorphic microsatellite markers revealed a multibanded pattern, suggesting that the species is polyploid. The total number of bands per locus ranged from 9 to 17, revealing high levels of polymorphism.• Conclusions: The high level of polymorphism detected with these markers indicates their utility in devising conservation strategies and rational exploitation of A. chica.
La didactique a-t-elle raison de s'intéresser à l'histoire des sciences?
Authors: Raichvarg Daniel 
Published: June 2010

Should didactics be interested in the history of sciences ?
The relationship between historical and individual construction of knowledge is inevitably a field of investigation for didactics. A particular conception, however, "le récapitulationnisme", born in the 19th century, seems to constitute a screen which prevents heuristic approach to the question. We analyse here the recapitulationist model as a Science historian, pointing out the conditions of its emergence and the modifications of its intension and extension ; we try in this way to overcome this obstacle. While outlining the epistemological history of this concept, we signal the elements which, from Baldwin to Bachelard, including Haeckel, Freud and Piaget, may help to ground didactical investigations.
Muscle origin of porcine satellite cells affects in vitro differentiation potential
Authors: Redshaw Zoe , McOrist Steven , Loughna Paul 
Published: June 2010

AbstractPost‐natal muscle regeneration relies on the activation of tissue stem cells known as satellite cells, to repair damage following exercise trauma and disease. Satellite cells from individual muscles are known to be heterogeneous with regard to proliferation, fusion and transplantation abilities, although the muscle origin has rarely been considered pertinent to their differentiation capabilities. In this study we compared the potential of two functionally distinct skeletal muscle satellite cell populations from porcine diaphragm and hind‐limb semi‐membranosus muscles. These two muscles were chosen primarily for differences in metabolic and contractile properties: the diaphragm is more continuously active and has a greater oxidative capacity. Cells were induced to differentiate towards myogenic and adipogenic lineages, and here we have shown that cells from diaphragm exhibit a significantly greater degree of myogenesis compared with those from semi‐membranosus, while the converse was true for adipogenesis. Unexpectedly, both conditions generated small numbers of cells with neuronal characteristics for both muscle types, although more so in cells derived from the diaphragm. With increased interest in muscle adiposity with age and disease, these findings suggest that muscle origin of satellite cells does affect lineage fate, however whether differences in developmental origin or metabolic activity of the parent tissue govern this, remains to be determined. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ChemInform Abstract: Magic Electron Counts for Networks of Condensed Clusters: Vertex‐Sharing Aluminum Octahedra.
Authors: VAJENINE G. V. , HOFFMANN R. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Coordination Ambidence of the Thiocyanate Anion in Alkali Trithiocyanatomanganate(II) Hydrates.
Authors: BIEDERMANN M. , HARTUNG H. , BOEHLAND H. , MATTHAEUS R. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: NH4V3O8: A Novel Sinusoidal Layered Compound Formed by the Cation Templating Effect.
Authors: HUANG S. D. , SHAN Y. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Two Modifications of Copper(I) Octahedro‐hexatungsten(II) Tetradecabromide, Cu2[W6Br14].
Authors: ZHENG Y.‐Q. , GRIN Y. , PETERS K. , VON SCHNERING H. G. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Phase Diagram and Oxygen‐Ion Conductivity in the Y2O3—Nb2O5 System.
Authors: LEE J.‐H. , YASHIMA M. , KAKIHANA M. , YOSHIMURA M. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure and Reactivity of Platinum—Copper Alloy Particles Supported on ZSM‐5.
Authors: SHPIRO E. S. , TKACHENKO O. P. , JAEGER N. I. , SCHULZ‐EKLOFF G. , GRUENERT W. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Kinetics and Mechanisms of the Oxidation of Hydrazine by Aqueous Iodine.
Authors: LIU R. M. , MARGERUM D. W. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Electronic Spectra and Structure of 2‐Bromopicolines, Their N‐Oxides and 2‐Bromo‐4‐nitropicoline N‐Oxides.
Authors: PUSZKO A. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: [Cp3Ba]‐: The First Structurally Characterized Barate Complex.
Authors: HARDER S. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Azetidine Based Ligands in Boron Catalyzed Asymmetric Diels—Alder Reactions.
Authors: STARMANS W. A. J. , WALGERS R. W. A. , THIJS L. , DE GELDER R. , SMITS J. M. M. , ZWANENBURG B. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Unusual Diastereoselection in the Synthesis of Nine‐Membered Ring Lactams and Conformation‐Controlled Transannular Reactions to Generate Optically Active Indolizidinones.
Authors: SUDAU A. , NUBBEMEYER U. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Catalysis of Intramolecular [4 + 2] Cycloaddition Reaction by Palladium Complexes.
Authors: KUMAR K. , JOLLY R. S. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of Carbobicyclics via Organoyttrium‐Catalyzed Sequential Cyclization/Silylation Reactions.
Authors: MOLANDER G. A. , NICHOLS P. J. , NOLL B. C. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Hammett ϱ+ Values as Kinetic Evidence for the Concerted Biomimetic Bicyclization Mechanism.
Authors: MALNAR I. , HUMSKI K. , KRONJA O. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Photocyclization of 4‐Oxo‐4‐phenyl‐butanoyl Amines to δ‐Lactams.
Authors: LINDEMANN U. , RECK G. , WULFF‐MOLDER D. , WESSIG P. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.