bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The fundamental solution of poroelastic plate saturated by fluid and its applications
Authors: Wen P. H. , Liu Y. W. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractIn this paper, the numerical model of the transverse vibrations of a thin poroelastic plate saturated by a fluid was proposed. Two coupled dynamic equations of equilibrium related to the plate deflection and the equivalent moment were established for an isotropic porous medium with uniform porosity. The fundamental solutions for a porous plate were derived both in the Laplace transform domain and in the time domain. A meshless method was developed and demonstrated in the Laplace transform domain for solving two coupled dynamic equations. Numerical examples demonstrated the accuracy of the method of the fundamental solutions and comparisons were made with analytical solutions. The proposed meshless method was shown to be simple to implement and gave satisfactory results for a poroelastic plate dynamic analysis. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The effects of hepatocyte growth factor and insulin‐like growth factor‐1 on the myogenic differentiation of satellite cells in human urethral rhabdosphincter
Authors: Sumino Yasuhiro , Hanada Mari , Hirata Yuji , Sato Fuminori , Mimata Hiromitsu 
Published: July 2009

AbstractAimsTo examine the effects of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1) on the myogenic differentiation of human urethral rhabdosphincter (RS) satellite cells.MethodsHuman RS was obtained from patients undergoing radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer. Selectively cultured RS satellite cells, transfected with temperature sensitive simian virus‐40 T antigen (ts‐SV40 Tag) to extend their lifespan, were cultured at 33°C, and then incubated at 39°C to induce myogenic differentiation. Varying concentrations of HGF and IGF‐1 were added to the differentiation medium. Inactivation of SV40 Tag and evaluations of myogenic differentiation were examined by immunocytochemistry, western blotting and real‐time RT‐PCR.ResultsAt 39°C, ts‐SV40 Tag‐transfected RS satellite cells slowly proliferated, fused to form multinucleated myotubes, and expressed myosin heavy chain (MHC) in association with the temperature‐dependent inactivation of SV40 Tag. IGF‐1 significantly accelerated the MHC expression in a dose‐dependent fashion through activation of the PI3‐kinase pathway. Conversely, HGF did not promote MHC expression due a reduction in phosphorylation of both the MAP‐kinase and the PI3‐kinase pathways, a pattern of response different than the response of proliferating RS satellite cells to HGF.ConclusionsHGF did not induce myogenic differentiation of RS satellite cells. Conversely, IGF‐1 promoted myogenic differentiation of RS satellite cells via the PI3‐K pathway likewise proliferating RS satellite cells. These findings may be useful for developing novel techniques for regenerating the human RS to treat urinary incontinence. Neurourol. Urodynam. 29:470–475, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Expression of nerve growth factor immunoreactivity and messenger RNA in ischemic urinary bladder
Authors: Liang Ching‐Chung , Tseng Ling‐Hong , Ko Yu‐Shien , Lee Tsong‐Hai 
Published: July 2009

AbstractAimsThe bladder contractile dysfunction resulting from acute ischemia may be attributed to nerve growth factor (NGF) overexpression. This study was conducted to evaluate the acute and mid‐term effects of bladder ischemia on the temporal expression of NGF immunoreactivity and mRNA.Materials and MethodsBladder ischemia was induced by ligation of bilateral vesical arteries in female rats. We examined the NGF content of bladder detrusor muscle at 1 day, 1 week and 4 weeks after artery ligation. Immunoreactivity of NGF was studied by immunofluorescent staining and Western blot. The NGF mRNA was analyzed by real‐time polymerase chain reaction.ResultsThe immunofluorescence of NGF at 1 week and 4 weeks was significantly reduced when compared to sham‐operated group (P < 0.05). This decreased tendency was also found in Western blot test. An increased expression of NGF mRNA was noted at 1 day, 1 week and 4 weeks, but had no significant change when compared to sham‐operated group (P > 0.05).ConclusionsOur study showed bilateral vesical artery ligation may cause damage of detrusor muscle and there is decreased NGF immunofluorescence and elevated NGF mRNA in bladder suggesting an expression disparity following ischemia. Neurourol. Urodynam. 29:512–516, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparison of voiding function and nociceptive behavior in two rat models of cystitis induced by cyclophosphamide or acetone
Authors: Saitoh Chikashi , Yokoyama Hitoshi , Chancellor Michael B. , de Groat William C. , Yoshimura Naoki 
Published: July 2009

AbstractAimsNociceptive behavior and its relationship with bladder dysfunction were investigated in two cystitis models, which were induced by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of cyclophosphamide (CYP) or intravesical instillation of acetone, using freely moving, non‐catheterized conscious rats.MethodsFemale Sprague–Dawley rats were used. Cystitis was induced by i.p. injection of CYP (100 and 200 mg/kg) or intravesical instillation of acetone (10%, 30%, and 50%) via a polyethylene catheter temporarily inserted into the bladder through the urethra. Then the incidence of nociceptive behavior (immobility with decreased breathing rates) was scored. Voided urine was collected simultaneously and continuously to measure bladder capacity. The plasma extravasation in the bladder was quantified by an Evans blue (EB) dye leakage technique.ResultsCYP (100 mg/kg, i.p.) induced nociceptive behavior without affecting bladder capacity or EB concentration in the bladder. A higher dose of CYP (200 mg/kg, i.p.) decreased bladder capacity and increased EB levels as well as nociceptive behavior. In contrast, intravesical instillation of acetone (30%) decreased bladder capacity and increased EB levels, but evoked nociceptive behavior less frequently compared with CYP‐treated animals. In capsaicin‐pretreated rats, nociceptive behavior induced by CYP or acetone was reduced; however, the overall effects of CYP or acetone on bladder capacity and bladder EB levels were unaffected.ConclusionsThese results suggest that there is a difference in the induction process of nociceptive behavior and small bladder capacity after two different types of bladder irritation, and that C‐fiber sensitization is more directly involved in pain sensation than reduced bladder capacity. Neurourol. Urodynam. 29:501–505, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Reproducibility of same session repeated cystometry and pressure‐flow studies in women with symptoms of urinary incontinence
Authors: Broekhuis Suzan R. , Kluivers Kirsten B. , Hendriks Jan C.M. , Massolt Elske T. , Groen Jan , Vierhout Mark E. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to determine the reproducibility of same session repeated urodynamic measurements in women with symptoms of urinary incontinence.MethodsWomen presenting with symptoms of urinary incontinence underwent standardized urodynamic examination, which consisted of free uroflowmetry and two filling cystometries and pressure‐flow studies. Intra‐class Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and McNemar tests were used to describe the same session reproducibility.ResultsTwo evaluable urodynamic tests were available in 152 patients. Overall, reproducibility of the urodynamic parameters were good to excellent (ICC range: 0.72–0.93), except for the bladder volume at first sensation of bladder filling (ICC = 0.46) and the maximum Watt's factor (ICC = 0.68). The bladder volume at first sensation and the maximum cystometric capacity were systematically higher in the second run (mean difference (95% CI) = −45 (−73; −37) and −3 (−15; 10), respectively). Reproducibility of the diagnosis stress urinary incontinence and/or detrusor overactivity were good to excellent (median ICC = 0.76, P = 0.68 and P = 1.00, respectively). Reproducibility of the volume and amplitude at involuntary detrusor contractions, however, were only poor (ICC = 0.18 and 0.25, respectively).ConclusionsThe reproducibility of same session repeated urodynamic measurements in women with symptoms of urinary incontinence was good to excellent. Our results provide the scientific support for guidelines that recommend the omission of repeated filling cystometries and pressure‐flow studies in cases where the first test confirms the pathology expected. Neurourol. Urodynam. 29:428–431, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Concise RLT forms of binary programs: A computational study of the quadratic knapsack problem
Authors: Forrester Richard J. , Adams Warren P. , Hadavas Paul T. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe reformulation‐linearization technique (RLT) is a methodology for constructing tight linear programming relaxations of mixed discrete problems. A key construct is the multiplication of “product factors” of the discrete variables with problem constraints to form polynomial restrictions, which are subsequently linearized. For special problem forms, the structure of these linearized constraints tends to suggest that certain classes may be more beneficial than others. We examine the usefulness of subsets of constraints for a family of 0–1 quadratic multidimensional knapsack programs and perform extensive computational tests on a classical special case known as the 0–1 quadratic knapsack problem. We consider RLT forms both with and without these inequalities, and their comparisons with linearizations derived from published methods. Interestingly, the computational results depend in part upon the commercial software used. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2010
Dynamic signatures and their use in comparing the reliability of new and used systems
Authors: Samaniego Francisco J. , Balakrishnan N. , Navarro Jorge 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe signature of a system with independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) component lifetimes is a vector whose ith element is the probability that the ith component failure is fatal to the system. System signatures have been found to be quite useful tools in the study and comparison of engineered systems. In this article, the theory of system signatures is extended to versions of signatures applicable in dynamic reliability settings. It is shown that, when a working used system is inspected at time t and it is noted that precisely k failures have occurred, the vector s [0,1]n‐k whose jth element is the probability that the (k + j)th component failure is fatal to the system, for j = 1,2,2026;,n ‐ k, is a distribution‐free measure of the design of the residual system. Next, known representation and preservation theorems for system signatures are generalized to dynamic versions. Two additional applications of dynamic signatures are studied in detail. The well‐known “new better than used” (NBU) property of aging systems is extended to a uniform (UNBU) version, which compares systems when new and when used, conditional on the known number of failures. Sufficient conditions are given for a system to have the UNBU property. The application of dynamic signatures to the engineering practice of “burn‐in” is also treated. Specifically, we consider the comparison of new systems with working used systems burned‐in to a given ordered component failure time. In a reliability economics framework, we illustrate how one might compare a new system to one successfully burned‐in to the kth component failure, and we identify circumstances in which burn‐in is inferior (or is superior) to the fielding of a new system. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2009
Diffusion tensor imaging of the human calf muscle: distinct changes in fractional anisotropy and mean diffusion due to passive muscle shortening and stretching
Authors: Schwenzer Nina F. , Steidle Günter , Martirosian Petros , Schraml Christina , Springer Fabian , Claussen Claus D. , Schick Fritz 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe influence of passive shortening and stretching of the calf muscles on diffusion characteristics was investigated. The diffusion tensor was measured in transverse slices through the lower leg of eight healthy volunteers (29 ± 7 years) on a 3 T whole‐body MR unit in three different positions of the foot (40° plantarflexion, neutral ankle position (0°), and −10° dorsiflexion in the ankle). Maps of the mean diffusivity, the three eigenvalues of the tensor and fractional anisotropy (FA) were calculated. Results revealed a distinct dependence of the mean diffusivity and FA on the foot position and the related shortening and stretching of the muscle groups. The tibialis anterior muscle showed a significant increase of 19% in FA with increasing dorsiflexion, while the FA of the antagonists significantly decreased (∼20%). Regarding the mean diffusivity of the diffusion tensor, the muscle groups showed an opposed response to muscle elongation and shortening. Regarding the eigenvalues of the diffusion tensor, λ2 and λ3 showed significant changes in relation to muscle length. In contrast, no change in λ1 could be found. This work reveals significant changes in diffusional characteristics induced by passive muscle shortening and stretching. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Universal three‐dimensional connection hexahedral elements based on hybrid‐stress theory for solid structures
Authors: Wu D. , Lo S. H. , Sheng N. , Sze K. Y. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractHigh‐performance hybrid‐stress hexahedral solid elements are excellent choices for modeling joints, beams/columns walls and thick slabs for building structures if the exact geometrical representation is required. While it is straight‐forward to model beam–column structures of uniform member size with solid hexahedral elements, joining up beams and columns of various cross‐sections at a common point proves to be a challenge for structural modeling using hexahedral elements with specified dimensions. In general, the joint has to be decomposed into 27 smaller solid elements to cater for the necessary connection requirements. This will inevitably increase the computational cost and introduce element distortions when elements of different sizes have to be used at the joint. Universal connection hexahedral elements with arbitrary specified connection interfaces will be an ideal setup to connect structural members of different sizes without increasing the number of elements or introducing highly distorted elements. In this paper, the requirements and the characteristics of the hexahedral connection elements with 24 and 32 nodes will be discussed. Formulation of the connection elements by means of Hellinger–Reissner functional will be presented. The performance of connection elements equipped with different number of stress modes will be assessed with worked examples. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An Eulerian finite‐volume scheme for large elastoplastic deformations in solids
Authors: Barton P. T. , Drikakis D. , Romenski E. I. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractConservative formulations of the governing laws of elastoplastic solid media have distinct advantages when solved using high‐order shock capturing methods for simulating processes involving large deformations and shock waves. In this paper one such model is considered where inelastic deformations are accounted for via conservation laws for elastic strain with relaxation source terms. Plastic deformations are governed by the relaxation time of tangential stresses. Compared with alternative Eulerian conservative models, the governing system consists of fewer equations overall. A numerical scheme for the inhomogeneous system is proposed based upon the temporal splitting. In this way the reduced system of non‐linear elasticity is solved explicitly, with convective fluxes evaluated using high‐order approximations of Riemann problems locally throughout the computational mesh. Numerical stiffness of the relaxation terms at high strain rates is avoided by utilizing certain properties of the governing model and performing an implicit update. The methods are demonstrated using test cases involving large deformations and high strain rates in one‐, two‐, and three‐dimensions. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Do‐it‐yourself functionalized silicones part 2: synthesis by ring opening polymerization of commercial cyclosiloxanes
Authors: Yactine Bashim , Ratsimihety Amédée , Ganachaud François 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe second paper of the series devoted to the preparation and characterization of vinyl and hydrido‐functionalized silicones proposes readily available techniques to polymerize commercially available cyclosiloxanes. This study is divided into two main sections: one relies on the synthesis of various functional silicone oils by heterogeneous cationic ring opening polymerization (ROP) of cyclotetrasiloxanes (D4, D) and appropriate 1,3‐difunctional disiloxanes; the second part describes the anionic ROP of hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane (D3) initiated by potassium silanolates to prepare both homo‐ and hetero‐vinyl functionalized silicones. The conditzions in which polymers with desired molecular weights can be obtained have been established and some kinetic considerations are also reported. The width of the final molar mass distribution ranged between 1.5 and 1.8, respectively, in any case narrower than the mixtures proposed by different providers (around 2). Polymers were characterized by different techniques of size exclusion chromatography (SEC), proton and silicon nuclear magnetic resonance (1H and 29Si NMR), and mass spectrometry. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fabrication of well‐aligned electrospun nanofibrous membrane based on fluorinated polyimide
Authors: Karube Yuuki , Kawakami Hiroyoshi 
Published: July 2009

AbstractWe have fabricated novel nanofibrous fluorinated polyimide membranes on a specially designed collector, which is composed of conductive aluminum plates and glass insulator materials and can be removed from the apparatus, using an electrospinning method. We describe the structure and water flux properties of the nanofibrous fluorinated polyimide membranes. The electrospun nanofibers were deposited across the plates and uniaxially aligned to the collector. In addition, the multi‐layer stacked nanofibrous membranes, consisting of three‐dimensionally ordered nanopores, were produced. The pure water fluxes for the stacked membranes were measured, using a stirred dead‐end filtration cell, and were linearly decreased with an increasing deposition time, indicating that the nanopores formed in the nanofibrous membrane were further narrowed due to the regularly accumulated nanofibers. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A new method for crosslinking and reinforcing acrylonitrile–butadiene rubber using a silanized silica nanofiller
Authors: Yasin K. Ansar , Ansarifar A. , Hameed S. , Wang L. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractUsing a high loading of synthetic precipitated amorphous white silica nanofiller, an acrylonitrile–butadiene rubber containing 26% by weight acrylonitrile was crosslinked and its mechanical properties were measured. The silica surfaces were pre‐treated with bis(3‐triethoxysilylpropyl)tetrasulfide (TESPT) to chemically adhere silica to the rubber. To optimize the reaction between the tetrasulfane groups of TESPT and the rubber, accelerator and activator were added. The rubber was fully crosslinked and the hardness, tensile strength, stored energy density at break, elongation at break, tearing energy, and modulus increased substantially because of the filler. The bound rubber, crosslink density, tan δ, and glass transition temperature measurements indicated a strong interaction between the filler and rubber. This new method helped to substantially reduce the use of the curing chemicals and produce a safer and more cost‐effective rubber compound without compromising the good mechanical properties of the rubber, which are essential for long service life. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
WT1 expression at diagnosis does not predict survival in pediatric aml: A report from the Children's Oncology Group
Authors: Noronha Suzie A. , Farrar Jason E. , Alonzo Todd A. , Gerbing Robert B. , Lacayo Norman J. , Dahl Gary V. , Ravindranath Yaddanapudi , Arceci Robert J. , Loeb David M. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractWT1 is a transcription factor that is aberrantly overexpressed in acute and chronic leukemias. Overexpression of WT1 in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia has been reported, but the prognostic significance is unclear because sample sizes in these studies have been relatively small. WT1 expression was measured by quantitative RT‐PCR in samples obtained at diagnosis from 155 pediatric AML patients treated on a cooperative group protocol. Neither overall survival nor event‐free survival was correlated with WT1 expression. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009;53:1136–1139. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Inflammatory BCG adenitis associated with immune reconstitution following allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplant in infancy
Authors: Searle E. , Patel H. , Vilar F.J. , Gharib M. , Turner A.J. , Batra G , Wynn R.F. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractWe describe four cases of a localized, granulomatous reaction to BCG including ipsilateral painful, suppurative lymphadenopathy associated with donor immune reconstitution following allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplant performed in infancy and preceded by uneventful, routine BCG immunisation. The management of the inflammatory disease in these cases with surgery, antimycobacterial chemotherapy and steroids, is discussed. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010; 54:166–169. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Factors affecting the delivery of family‐centered care in pediatric oncology
Authors: Dix David B. , Klassen Anne F. , Papsdorf Michael , Klaassen Robert J. , Pritchard Sheila , Sung Lillian 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBackgroundThe provision of family‐centered care (FCC) emphasizes a partnership between parents and health‐care providers so that families are involved in every aspect of services for their child. Our study examines factors related to parental perception of the family‐centeredness of pediatric oncology services.ProcedureThis Canadian multi‐institutional cross‐sectional study included children with cancer receiving active treatment. One parent from each family provided information about the child, parent/family demographics, diagnosis, and treatment. FCC was measured with the MPOC‐20, a valid and reliable tool in the pediatric oncology setting that consists of two subscales: “Family‐Centered Service” and “Providing General Information.” Logistic multiple regression analyses were used to identify factors that were associated with lower ratings of FCC for each subscale.ResultsCompleted questionnaires were received back from 411 parents, giving an overall response rate of 80%. Worse perceived prognosis and worse parental psychosocial health were associated with less favorable ratings for both MPOC‐20 subscales. In addition, parents who were not married or living common‐law scored lower ratings for the Family‐Centered Services subscale, whereas scores for the Provision of General Information subscale differed depending on the treatment facility at which the child received care.ConclusionsOur study identified child/parent factors and health‐care delivery factors associated with FCC provided in the pediatric oncology setting. These results could be used as the starting point for future research looking at optimization of the FCC process. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009;53:1079–1085. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.