bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi impor bungkil kedelai (SBM) sebagai pakan di Indonesia
Authors: Wijayanti Rini , Ridla Muhammad , Mutia Rita 
Published: June 2024

The increase in demand for feed impacts the availability of feed ingredients such as soybean meal (SBM), which is still 100% derived from imports. This study aimed to analyze the factors impacting the import of SBM as a crucial feed ingredient in Indonesia, offering insights for governmental policy-making. Secondary data spanning 2019-2022, encompassing SBM import quantities, price, and quality, were sourced from the Import Service Recommendation System. Additionally, annual feed production data were obtained from the Feed Directorate Information System, overseen by the Directorate General of Livestock and Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture, Republic of Indonesia. SBM prices were sourced from World Bank online data. The dataset spanned four years (2019-2022), each comprising twelve months, with eight parameters under examination. Multiple linear regression was employed to evaluate the influence of independent variables including price upon arrival in Indonesia (USD), moisture content, protein content, crude fiber content, crude fat content, feed production, and the world price (USD) on the dependent variable of import volume. The results showed that all independent variables significantly affect the volume of SBM imports. Partially, variables like feed production, international prices, prices upon arrival in Indonesia, and moisture content have a significant and negative effect on SBM imports. The coefficient of determination shows that the independent variables explain 66.1% of the import volume of SBM. The study highlights critical factors influencing SBM imports in Indonesia. Effective policies addressing these factors could enhance the sustainability of the poultry farming industry.
Key words: animal feed, import, linear regression, soybean meal
Karakteristik Fermentasi Kedelai yang Diperkaya Mineral Zn dengan Rhizopus sp.
Authors: Febriyanti Regina Cahyani  , Toto Toharmat  , Iwan Prihantoro  
Published: June 2024

Zinc (Zn) supplementation is needed by livestock to overcome decreased body immunity due to problems with feed quality and environmental stress that affect their productivity levels. This research aims to analyze the fermentation characteristics of Rhizopus sp. on soybeans as a substrate with different levels of Zn mineral and fermentation times. This study uses a complete factorial design with 4 replications. Factor 1 is the Zn mineral level, namely 0, 400, 800, 1200, and 1600 ppm. Factor 2 is the fermentation time, namely 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 days. The data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and significantly different treatments were further tested with Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) in the SPSS 25 program. The results of the analysis indicate that Zn levels ≥800 ppm significantly (p<0.05) inhibit mycelium development on the first day of fermentation. Increasing Zn levels significantly (p<0.05) decreases the average acidity level and significantly (p<0.05) increases the substrate ash content, while fermentation time significantly (p<0.05) increases acidity level and decreases biomass, dry matter content, organic matter, and ash content of substrate. Zn level and fermentation time treatments influence the growth and performance of Rhizopus sp. in transforming soybean nutrients.
Key words: fermentation, Rhizopus sp., soybean, Zn mineral
Optimization of Polysulfone/Polyethylene Glycol (PSf/PEG) Casted Solution Composition as a Membrane Electrolyte in a Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC)
Authors: Cahyani Sinta Anjas , Kusumawati Nita 
Published: June 2024

Stability is the main challenge in developing electrical energy made from sunlight, namely Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC). The DSSC system comprises a photoanode, electrolyte, comparison electrode, and dye sensitizer with a photoelectrochemical working principle. Dye sensitizer and electrolyte are the main components that determine the stability of DSSC, with problems such as solvent evaporation leakage in liquid electrolytes and dye desorption. In overcoming these problems, the polymer electrolyte of Polysulfone/Polyethylene Glycol (PSf/PEG) is a solution to the problem by increasing the mobility of I-/I3- ions in the electrolyte. Polymer composition and porogen (pore formers) affect the ionic conductivity, which impacts the electron flow of the DSSC system. Therefore, this study optimized the composition of PSf/PEG polymer electrolyte, namely 18/0, 17/1, 16/2, 15/3, 14/4, and 13/5. This research was carried out using quantitative methods with data processed in a quantitative descriptive manner to determine the performance of DSSC based on PSf/PEG membrane electrolyte. The wavelength absorption of the dye was characterized using a Spectrophotometer UV-Vis instrument, and the specific wavelength was obtained at 573 nm, which indicates anthocyanin absorption. Electrochemical characterization of the dye using voltammetry yielded a resulting energy bandgap value of 0.5132 eV with the touch plot method. Testing the performance and stability of DSSC, voltage, and current measurements were carried out using a multimeter, and fill factor and efficiency calculations were carried out. The performance of DSSC with liquid electrolytes was 1.66%, while that of DSSC with membrane electrolytes of the best composition (16/2) was 1.38% at 0 hours. In addition, the performance test was carried out at 72 hours of exposure time, resulting in an efficiency of 0.77%, while the DSSC with the best composition of membrane electrolyte (16/2) was 1.11%. This shows a decrease in the efficiency of DSSC with liquid electrolytes by 53.43%, while the membrane electrolyte efficiency of DSSC is 19.33-20.17%.
Design and Construction of Mice Detection and Removal Equipment in the House Based on the Internet of Things (IoT)
Authors: Lubis Zakia , Nasution Mulkan Iskandar , Nasution Nazaruddin 
Published: June 2024

Rats are rodents that have a negative impact on society, both in agriculture and industry. Rodents roaming around in the house can damage electrical connections, which can trigger fires and cause fires, as well as causing economic losses. This research used a PIR sensor to detect movement and an ESP32 cam to stream live video on the blynk application. Box two contains a series of ultrasonic sound generators emitted through speakers. Additionally, tool tests were carried out using a 12 V battery test, PIR sensor test, relay test, ESP32 Cam, ultrasonic generator PWM test, Blynk test, and tool test on mice. This research aims to design a device for detecting and repelling mice in homes based on the Internet of Things (IoT). The design of this tool uses an ESP32 microcontroller as the main controller. This tool also has components such as an ESP32 cam, relay, ultrasonic speaker, 3.7-volt battery, PIR sensor, servo motor, and ultrasonic sound generator module. This tool has a working system in the form of a PIR sensor that detects mouse movement. Then the ultrasonic sound automatically comes on, the servo motor moves and the ESP32 cam connected to the Blynk application will stream live video. This tool also has an on and off button system via the blynk application. The test results carried out by the PIR sensor were able to detect the presence of objects at a distance of 5 m. The frequency issued by the ultrasonic module and measurements made via an oscilloscope has an average percent error of 1,02%. This proves that the performance of the designed prototype tool works well. The results of tests to repel mice using ultrasonic sound, which could disturb the mice, were at 40-50 kHz. The overall test results for the home IoT-based mouse detection and repellent system worked well.
APPROACH TO THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT (PLAS) TO IMPROVE SCIENCE LEARNING OUTCOMES
Authors: Fazriah Annisa , Nurhasanah Aan , Prasetio Pajar Anugrah 
Published: June 2024

The background to this research is that there is a problem of low learning outcomes for class V students in science content which is caused by the use of less varied learning approaches. The research method used in this research is quasi-experimental with a Non-Equivalent Control Group Design. research menggunakan soalmultiple choice tests and observation sheets. Based on statistical testing, namely the t test on the final test ( posttest ) data, it was obtained that Tvalue 2.31<T table 3.29, so the hypothesis was accepted, meaning that there were differences in learning outcomes for classes that used the PLAS approach and classes that used the conventional approach. Based on the results of the N-Gain test, it is known that the experimental class test results before the PLAS approach ( pretest ) were given an average score of 44.13. Meanwhile, the test result after being given the PLAS approach treatment ( posttest ) was 81.30. Then we get an N-Gain result of 0.648, so according to the N-Gain criteria, this result can be stated as a medium criterion. Meanwhile, the test results in the control class carried out before using the PLAS approach ( pretest ) obtained a score of 42.05. After being given treatment it became 59.55. And obtained an N-Gain result of 0.295, according to the N-Gain criteria, this result is stated as low criteria. The results of this research show that the application of the natural environment approach (PLAS) can improve students' science learning outcomes.
Constructing mathematical bitterness scale related to teacher factor
Authors: Dirgantoro Kurnia Putri Sepdikasari , Soesanto Robert Harry , Yanti Yanti 
Published: June 2024

Mathematical bitterness is one of the critical factors influencing students’ mathematical performance, highlighting the need for further action to address its impact. However, there has been no instrument thus far that can identify mathematical bitterness, particularly one caused by teacher treatment. This research, therefore, aims to construct an instrument to identify the presence of mathematical bitterness. This research involved 307 senior high school and undergraduate students, who were given and responded to a set of 30 questions. The data were then analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) through IBM SPSS 20. Confirmatory factor analysis grouped the items into six dimensions (indicators) of mathematical bitterness. Each indicator shows a high Cronbach Alpha result, indicating strong validity in each group of indicators. Overall, the constructed instrument demonstrates strong validity and reliability. This instrument has been successfully constructed and statistically tested, thus making it readily available for use by other scholars interested in investigating mathematical bitterness on a broader scale.
Correction to: Hubungan penguasaan perkalian dan pembagian dasar terhadap prestasi belajar matematika siswa kelas VIII SMP PMDS Putra Palopo
Authors: Rahmah Nur , Asnidar Asnidar 
Published: June 2024

Correction to: Jurnal Elemen, Vol. 1 No. 1, January 2015, p. 57-69
https://doi.org/10.29408/jel.v1i1.81
The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. The previous email was not the corresponding author’s email, her email is rnur68845@gmail.com. The original article has been corrected.
The original article can be found online at https://doi.org/10.29408/jel.v1i1.81
Study of respiratory function of the lungs in smokers and patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Mikhailovicheva A. I. , Smirnov V. V. , Struchkov P. V. , Nosenko N. S. , Sotnikova A. G. , Dyachkova E. O. , Divakova T. I. , Bazhenova-Bessonova Yu. A. , Manichev I. A. 
Published: June 2024

The article discusses the use of methods for assessing lung respiratory function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and smokers.The aim of the study is a comparative evaluation of the informative value of capnometry, spirometry, multiple breath nitrogen washout method, and diﬀusion test in patients with COPD, as well as an early detection of respiratory function impairment in smokers.Results. Three groups of patients were examined: 1st — 30 patients with moderately severe COPD, average age 50.6 ± 4.3 years, 2nd — 30 smokers, average age 45.6 ± 2.4 years, 3rd (control group) — 30 practically healthy non-smokers, average age 45.6 ± 2.4 years. Capnometry showed a statistically significant increase in the slope of the alveolar phase in patients with COPD compared to the control group and smokers at rest, both before and after bronchodilator use. Significant diﬀerences between smokers and control groups were detected during forced exhalation. According to spirometry data, the FEV1/FVC ratio in patients with COPD was statistically significantly lower compared to the control group and smokers, both before and after bronchodilator use. Diﬀusion capacity was significantly lower in patients with COPD and smokers compared to the control group. The lung clearance index was significantly higher in the COPD group compared to the other two groups.Conclusions. All the mentioned methods were informative in patients with COPD, but capnometry and lung diﬀusion capacity assessment were sensitive methods in smokers, revealing uneven distribution of ventilation-perfusion ratios in the lungs and impaired gas exchange function.
Comparative characteristics of the nasal airflow aerodynamic parameters in patients with nasal septum deformation and healthy participants
Authors: Sagandykova N. S. , Baurzhan M. B. , Shbair M. I. , Papulova N. M. , Kasenova D. S. , Aigozhina B. Kh. 
Published: June 2024

Surgical treatment of nasal septum deviation or deformity (NSD) is a common method of treatment. The quality of treatment is assessed visually with rhinoscopy, taking into account subjective patient sensations. However, there are still no objective criteria for assessing nasal airflow improvement, which complicates the evaluation of patient breathing after treatment. We used a novel CFD modeling method to create a virtual airflow model and determine flow parameters in the nasal cavity in normal and pathological conditions.Objective: to compare the aerodynamic characteristics of airflow in patients with NSD and healthy nasal cavities.Material and methods: the study used electronic files of computed tomography scans of the nasal sinuses of 60 patients with NSD and 21 healthy participants. Specific software (3D slicer, Ansys Fluent) was used to obtain airflow parameters; 3D models of the nasal cavity airflow were created, and CFD flow modeling was conducted.Results: in patients with NSD, flow velocity ranged from 5.17 to 15.63 m/s, in healthy individuals from 1.1 to 2.0 m/s; pressure force on the nasal walls ranged from 2.20 to 10.20 Pa in patients with NSD, in healthy individuals from 0.60 to 1.00 Pa; flow temperature ranged from 26.45 to 36.80 °C in patients with NSD, in healthy individuals from 20.14 to 24.40 °C; flow partial pressure ranged from –120.60 to –0.01 Pa in patients with NSD, in healthy individuals from 2.00 to –4.80 Pa, p < 0.0001. Conclusion: Aerodynamic characteristics of nasal cavity airflow in patients with nasal septum deviation significantly diﬀer from those in healthy individuals. The application of CFD modeling of nasal airflow will assist clinicians in objectively assessing nasal breathing in NSD, as well as surgical treatment outcomes and quality assessment in otorhinolaryngological practice.
Meretas Jalan Pembebasan: Hermeneutik Silang Budaya antara Cerita Rakyat Perempuan-Perempuan Pelarian dan Ratu Wasti
Authors: Ressa Yosia Polando , Tumbelaka-van Munster Cindy Cecilia , Arulangi Ronald 
Published: June 2024

Abstract. The topic discussed in this article is the issue of gender justice related to sex discrimination and violence in a patriarchal society, where women lose their inspiring voice. Christian women can look for values in the Bible, but sometimes they only find that women's voices that are very weak because of patriarchal gender bias. They can trace their path of searching for spiritual riches in their oral traditions, namely folklore. Based on this background, this article offers a cross-cultural reading of the Bible between the authority of values originating from folklore and other local wisdom, and the authority of the Bible as the basis for church teaching. The cultural context of Mamasa and the stories of “Runaway Women” will be in dialogue with the story of Queen Vashti in the book of Esther. As the result, women's struggle in seeking gender justice can be achieved if relationships and networks of empowering power are built with other women around them.Abstrak. Topik yang didiskusikan dalam tulisan ini adalah seputar persoalan keadilan gender terkait diskriminasi seks dan kekerasan dalam masyarakat yang patriarkhal, di mana perempuan kehilangan suara inspirasinya. Para perempuan Kristen dapat saja mencari-cari pijakan nilai dalam Akitab, namun terkadang hanya menemukan kenyataan bahwa suara-suara perempuan di sana sangat lemah karena bias gender yang patriarkhal. Mereka dapat menyusuri jalan pencarian mereka dalam kekayaan spiritual dalam tradisi lisan mereka, yaitu cerita rakyat. Dengan latar belakang tersebut, tulisan ini menawarkan pembacaan Alkitab silang budaya antara otoritas nilai yang bersumber dari cerita rakyat dan kearifan lokal lainnya, dan otoritas Alkitab sebagai dasar pengajaran gereja. Konteks kultural Mamasa dan cerita “Perempuan-perempuan Pelarian” akan didialogkan dengan kisah Ratu Wasti dalam kitab Ester. Hasilnya, perjuangan perempuan dalam mengusahakan keadilan gender apabila terbangun relasi dan jejaring kekuatan pemberdaya dengan perempuan lain di sekitarnya.
Plight of Informal Women Workers in the context of COVID-19 lockdown: A Study of Patiala District
Authors: Chhina Anmol P. , Sharma Manisha 
Published: June 2024

As the pandemic spread rapidly to every region of the globe, the national governments soon announced stringent measures such as, border closures, nationwide lockdowns and restrictions on internal mobility. The economic activity came to a halt and the pandemic construed into an anomalous humanitarian crisis globally. Although all the countries faced health crisis and socio-economic repercussions, there has been a disproportionate impact on emerging and developing economies and the most vulnerable groups of the society including migrant laborers, refugees, informal workers, women and children. In India, informal workers make up around 90 percent of the workforce and the most vulnerable among them are women, who have a high participation in the informal sector. It is in this context that the present study is based on experiences of women workers in the informal sector of Punjab. It is a qualitative research based on primary data collected through 100 semi-structured interviews conducted in the Patiala district of Punjab. The findings indicate that following the crisis, women have faced heightened burden of unpaid domestic work, elevated incidences of domestic violence and inordinate impact on reduction in working hours, incomes and job loss. As female workers face the brunt of this crisis, it is imperative to include gendered perspective in policy making and provision of adequate social security coverage to mitigate the vulnerability of these workers.
Knowledge Regarding Autism among Teachers at Selected Schools in Chennai
Authors: Deepa K. 
Published: June 2024

Autism children resembles normal children but their needs and problems vary with a normal growth and development. The parents and care givers should take evidence-based effort to improve their quality of life. The teacher should welcome these children to accomplish their victories at their own time. Objectives- To identify the level of knowledge on Autism among teachers, to associate level of knowledge with selected demographic variables. Quantitative approach, Descriptive design was chosen. Data was collected among 30 teachers in Queen Marys Primary school by Convenient sampling technique through a self-administered Questionnaire. Findings reveal that out of 30 samples 15(50%) teachers had inadequate knowledge 09 (30%) teachers had moderately adequate knowledge and 06 (20%) teachers had adequate knowledge. There was no statistically significant association between selected Demographic variables like Age, Gender, academic level, attended training on autism, Teaching experience, Exposure to autism children and level of knowledge (P>0.01). Hence next to parents, caregivers, mentors play a major role in molding the life of children. Their positive attitude, perception towards autism is essential in framing architecting child’s future.
Optimal design of stator slot with semi-closed type to maximize magnetic flux connection and reduce iron leakage in high-speed spindle drives
Authors: Purwanto Wawan , Mulani Firoj , Krismadinata Krismadinata , Maksum Hasan , Arif Ahmad , Putra Dwi Sudarno , Padrigalan Kathleen Ebora 
Published: June 2024

A novel approach was devised to optimize the stator slot semi-closed type in order improve the magnetic flux connection and minimize iron leakage in high-speed spindle drives. The concept was executed through a combination of response surface approach including the technique of finite element analysis. The primary objective of this investigation would be to provide an engineering approach which improves the functionality of stator criteria, including the stator slot geometry, coil turn per slot, and wire size. The purpose is to achieve higher flux connection and minimize iron leakage. This study presents an enhanced analytical approach that incorporates the analysis of stator flux connection, finite element calculation of flux connection, and iron leakage analysis of stator variables. The results are analyzed through the utilization of finite element computation, and their accuracy is verified through experimental measurements. The findings suggest the ideal design yields increased magnetic flux connection and reduced iron leakage in comparison to the industrial layout. The precision provided by the suggested model is confirmed through the comparison of the simulation and experimental information. In general, the percentage of errors is estimated to be around 7%.
Isotherm Adsorption of Ion Phosphate from Vinasse Waste Using Quaternary Ammonium Polymer as Adsorbent in Term Effect of Temperature
Authors: Veranica  , Rahayu Aster , Maryudi  , Dhias Cahya Hakika  , Lee Wah Lim  , Lia Anggresani  
Published: June 2024

Vinasse liquid waste is a waste product resulting from the ethanol distillation process. Phosphate in high concentrations can harm the environment, such as by polluting water sources and underground surfaces. In this research, adsorption of phosphate ions was carried out in vinasse waste to remove these pollutants using quaternary ammonium polymers. The study examined the effect of vinasse waste sample temperature on the adsorption of phosphate ions. The first step in this work was to create a quaternary ammonium polymer utilising a one-pot technique using 2-[methacryloyloxy)ethyl trimethylammonium chloride solution, also referred to as META. Subsequently, the adsorption process was performed using temperature variations of 25, 30, 40, 50, and 60 . Phosphate ion adsorbance was measured with UV-Vis spectrometers at a wavelength of 880 nm. The quaternary ammonium polymer succeeded in adsorbing the phosphate ion content of the vinasse waste at an optimal temperature of 40 , with an adsorption capacity of 3.78 mg/L and a removal efficiency of 75.70%. The adsorption isotherm model for phosphate ions onto quaternary ammonium polymer was studied using the Freundlich and Langmuir equations. The obtained data indicated that the Langmuir isotherm model, with an value of 0.9921, is well-suited for describing the adsorption behaviour in this research.