bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural design and optimization of 3D interface structures based on betavoltaic nuclear batteries
Authors: Gao Tao , Zhang Ao , Chen Li , Li Jingmin , Liu Chong , Cui Yuxiang 
Published: June 2024

Nuclear batteries, a novel energy device in microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), have garnered significant attention from academia and industry due to their promising application prospects. They possess high energy density and reliable operation without human intervention and offer unique advantages in the case of long-term stable power supply. Among these, thermal conversion nuclear batteries (RTGs) represent the most mature technology and the earliest application, while betavoltaic nuclear batteries have entered commercialization. Challenges in betavoltaic nuclear batteries research include energy wastage due to the self-absorption effect of radioactive sources, low conversion efficiency, and significant radiation damage to transducer devices. These issues are attributable not only to the inherent properties of the radioactive source but also to the material and structural design of transducers. A 3D interface structure design scheme based on the wide bandgap semiconductor material GaN and the radioactive isotope 63Ni nuclear microbatteries is proposed. In the scheme, Geant4 and COMSOL Multiphysics were used to simulate the GaN-based betavoltaic nuclear battery of 63Ni source, and the PN junction 3D interface structure of the transducer was designed and optimized. The effects of the surface area, number of micropillars, thickness, and doping concentration of each region on the battery performance were analyzed. Results indicate that with P- and N- region thicknesses and doping concentrations at 0.1, 9.9 µm, 1 × 1018, and 1 × 1014 cm−3, respectively, the nuclear battery can achieve a conversion efficiency of 7.57%, a short-circuit current density of 0.3959 µA/cm2, an open-circuit voltage of 2.3074 V, and maximum output power of 0.7795 µW/cm2. In addition, discussion regarding the surface area and quantity of P-layer micropillars confirms the hypothesis that these variables are positively correlated with the output performance of the transducer.
Genetic diversity, population structure and demographic history of the rock oyster Striostrea prismatica (Gray, 1825) within two Eastern Pacific biogeographic realms
Authors: Tárula-Marín Alexis , Díaz-Cárdenas Brenda , Castro-Félix Luz Patricia , López-Uriarte Ernesto , Santerre Anne , Aréchiga-Palomera Martin A. 
Published: June 2024

Context Striostrea prismatica is a valuable native oyster found along the Eastern Pacific coast from Mexico to Peru. There is evidence of overexploitation of this natural resource. Thus, population genetic data can help in designing management strategies. Aims This study aimed to assess the genetic diversity, population structure and demographic history of S. prismatica using nuclear and mitochondrial DNA markers. Methods Oysters were collected from seven natural fishing banks in two biogeographic realms of the eastern Pacific Ocean. Inter-simple sequence repeat markers and partial sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), 12S rRNA (12S) and 16S rRNA (16S) genes were amplified by polymerase chain reaction and analysed. Key results Nuclear data revealed high intraspecific genetic diversity, moderate to strong genetic differentiation among fishing banks and a subtle genetic structure among marine ecoregions. The analyses supported strong isolation by distance, but chaotic genetic patchiness was also detected. Mitochondrial data showed high haplotype diversity and evidence of a population expansion c. 25,000 years ago. Conclusions Dispersal capacity, oceanographic features and historical factors can explain the levels of genetic diversity and the pattern of population differentiation and connectivity observed in S. prismatica. Implications The information generated in this study will support future management plans for this fishing resource.
The modeling method and simulation study on the biaxially anisotropic polymer films
Authors: Li Qingwei , Wu Mengjie 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Biaxially anisotropic polymer (BAP) films are very common materials, usually prepared by stretching linear polymers along two orthogonal directions in sequence. Most molecular chains of BAPs are oriented in the two stretching directions with a crossed arrangement, leading to unique properties of BAP films. However, the theoretical and simulation studies on BAPs and BAP-based devices are few until now. Here, we developed entity modeling methods to successfully simulate actual BAPs: through constructing the model of crossed rebars embedded in matrix, which respectively imitate crossed molecular chains and inter-chain van der Waals interactions, the mechanical properties of the BAP films/strips can be reproduced. Different from uniaxially anisotropic polymers, the longitudinal Young’ moduli of BAP strips have two maxima in 0°/90° directions, and their coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs) also have two maxima in ±45° directions. By introducing asymmetry, the BAP film model becomes from symmetric to moderately asymmetric and then to highly asymmetric: the ratio of two modulus maxima (in 0°/90°) increases (from 1 to 1.13, then to 1.22), and the directions of maximum CTEs also change (from ±45° to ±35°, then to ±27°), making the simulated BAP films closer to reality. Moreover, we systematically studied the helical morphing behaviors of the BAP-based bimorph actuator by finite element simulations. The chirality of this strip actuator is reversed four times, while its cutting angle changes within 180°. Besides, as the asymmetry of BAP film increases, the angle of chirality reversion of the BAP-based actuators changes from ±45° to ±60°, then to ±70°.
Conformal wormholes in

f
(
R
,

L

m

)

theory
Authors: Taṣer Dog̃ukan , Ulu Dog̃ru Melis , Eraslan Erkan , Aydın Hüseyin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this study, we present a new static and conformally symmetric wormhole solution. We develop new wormhole model in

f
(
R
,

L

m

)

gravity. Shape function of conformally symmetric

f
(
R
,

L

m

)

wormholes, provided by homothetic vector field is obtained regarding to conformal factor. It is investigated whether the function provides a stable throat infrastructure that does not allow collapsing. Anisotropic fluid matter filled the obtained conformally symmetric traversable wormholes is discussed by examining the dynamical properties of the fluid. Constructed new wormhole model violates all energy conditions. Physical significance of the sources filled constructed wormholes is discussed using volume quantifier. It is revealed that

f
(
R
,

L

m

)

theory allows traversable and conformally symmetric wormholes if supported by phantom field.
Dissipation-free modes in dissipative systems
Authors: van Seters Daan , Ludwig Tim , Yuan H Y , Duine Rembert A 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The coupling between a system and its environment (or bath) always leads to dissipation. We show, however, that a system composed of two subsystems can have a dissipation-free mode, if the bath is shared between the two subsystems. Reading in reverse, a shared bath does not contribute to the dissipation of all modes. As a key example, we consider a simple model for a two-sublattice antiferromagnet, where the environment is modeled by a bath that is shared between the two sublattice magnetizations. In our model, we find that the Néel order parameter is a dissipation-free mode. For antiferromagnets, our results offer an explanation for why the dissipation rate of the Néel vector is typically much lower than that of the average magnetization. In general, our results suggest a way to reduce dissipation (and decoherence) for some modes in composite systems, which could have experimental and technological applications.
Noise analysis of NC-GAAFET cylindrical nanowire with non-uniform interface trap charge
Authors: Kumar Vivek , Maurya Ravindra Kumar , Rawat Gopal , Debnath Radhe Gobinda , Mummaneni Kavicharan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this article, low to high frequency noise behavior analysis of negative capacitance gate-all-around field effect transistor (NC-GAAFET) MFIS structure Silicon Nanowire (SiNW) device, using Sentauras TCAD simulations, is investigated. The NC-GAAFET SiNW yields on current (ION) 5.31 times larger and off current (IOFF) is significantly reduced by ∼ 105 orders compared to baseline SiNW. The device exhibits an excellent switching ratio of 5.2 × 1014. Average subthreshold swing for the NC-GAAFET is 33 mV/dec compared to 64 mV/dec of baseline nanowire. The Negative-DIBL for the device is −20 mV/V which outshines earlier findings. Furthermore, the drain current noise power spectral density (PSD) Sid, and input referred gate voltage noise PSD (Svg) are comprehensively analyzed in the presence of Gaussian trap (non-uniform) distribution. The analysis indicates that, flicker or (1/f) noise dominates in low frequency regime, generation-recombination (G-R) noise is more influential in mid frequency regime whereas in very high frequency regime diffusion noise is leading. The device exhibits least Sid(NET) and Svg(NET) at tfe = 6 nm compared to baseline, tfe = 5 nm, and 7 nm.
Correlation of the properties of quasi-ternary Ni-based superalloys computed from DFT to elemental properties enabling predictions on the behavior of metallic alloying elements
Authors: Bhattacharya Devaparna , Thottathil Akhil , Vummethala Seshu Bai 
Published: June 2024

AbstractResearch on multicomponent superalloys derived from Ni3Al shows that certain elemental additions congregate at the boundary of theγ/γ′ interface while certain others partition into either theγor theγ′ phases. Such microstructural features have a strong bearing on the performance of the superalloy. However, no established correlations exist as of now, that can help predict such a behavior. The present work addresses this issue by examining the properties of the quasi-ternary alloys of Ni3Al and brings out correlations to selected lumped parameters related to the elemental properties. Computation of thermodynamic properties of 11 alloys of quasi-ternary Ni24Al7X system was carried out from first principles using Wien 2k and Gibbs2 code on a supercell constructed with 32 atoms. Elements X substituted at the Al site are selected from the information derived from the literature. Systematic variations are shown to occur in compressibility and heat of formationΔHof the alloys with average electron concentration, elemental radii and/or electronegativity of the constituent elements in the alloys. Analysis of the data computed for a supercell onΔHof quasi-ternary Ni31X alloys of Ni (theγphase) and theΔHof Ni24Al7X alloys (theγ′ phase) explains the possible reason for the enrichment of elements like Re and W at theγ/γ′ interface. Trends in the observed correlations correctly predict the experimental observations on alloying effects reported from spectroscopic studies on quasi-ternary alloys of Ni3Al. The scope of predicting alloying behavior based on basic elemental properties gains significance in the design of superalloys.
Metal dependence of spontaneous graphitization growth at room temperature
Authors: Elnobi Sahar , Asaka Toru , Abuelwafa Amr Attia , Masaki Tanemura 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The low-temperature graphene growth is a crucial step toward more efficient, cost-effective, productive, cheap, and sustainable energy systems. In this work, we report the effect of transition metal nanoparticles (TMNPs) Ag, Pd, and Cu on the graphitization of amorphous carbon (a-C) deposited onto SiO2 substrates using a one-step magnetron sputtering technique at room temperature (RT). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Raman spectroscopy, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to examine the structures of TMNP-C films. The a-C around the metallic NPs spontaneously formed a disordered graphitic structure. Moreover, the 2D peak was detected in Raman spectra, and XPS analyses revealed the sp2 graphitization for the Ag-C, Pd-C, and Cu-C films deposited on the SiO2 substrates. These studies suggest that these metals’ graphitization activity is in the sequence of Pd > Cu > Ag. The highest catalytic activity of Pd NPs in graphitization at low temperatures was due to the highest carbon solubility and nano-sized particles. Thus, the control of the particle size of the catalyst to enhance the carbon solubility and decrease the melting point will open up a new strategy to grow high-quality graphene at low- temperatures.
GRB 210323A: Signature of Long-lasting Lifetime of Supra-massive Magnetar as the Central Engine from the Merger of Binary Neutron Star
Authors: Shan Yingze , Liu Xiaoxuan , Yang Xing , Yuan Haoyu , Lü Houjun 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Theoretically, a supra-massive neutron star or magnetar may be formed after the merger of binary neutron stars. GRB 210323A is a short-duration gamma-ray burst (GRB) with a duration of lasting ∼1 s. The light curve of the prompt emission of GRB 210323A shows a signal-peaked structure and a cutoff power-law model can adequately fit the spectra with E

p
= 1826 ± 747. More interestingly, it has an extremely long-lasting plateau emission in the X-ray afterglow with a duration of ∼104 s, and then follows a rapid decay with a decay slope ∼3.2. This temporal feature is challenging by invoking the external shock mode. In this paper, we suggest that the observed long-lasting X-ray plateau emission is caused by the energy injection of dipole radiation from supra-massive magnetar, and the abrupt decay following the long-lasting X-ray plateau emission is explained by supra-massive magnetar collapsing into a black hole. It is the short GRB (SGRB) with the longest X-ray internal plateau emission powered by a supra-massive neutron star. If this is the case, one can estimate the physical parameters of a supra-massive magnetar, and compare with other SGRBs. We also discuss the possible gravitational-wave emission, which is powered by a supra-massive magnetar and its detectability, and the possible kilonova emission, which is powered by r-process and magnetar spin-down to compare with the observed data.
A frequency servo SoC with output power stabilization loop technology for miniaturized atomic clocks
Authors: Zhang Hongyang , Geng Xinlin , Ye Zonglin , Wang Kailei , Xie Qian , Wang Zheng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
A frequency servo system-on-chip (FS-SoC) featuring output power stabilization technology is introduced in this study for high-precision and miniaturized cesium (Cs) atomic clocks. The proposed power stabilization loop (PSL) technique, incorporating an off-chip power detector (PD), ensures that the output power of the FS-SoC remains stable, mitigating the impact of power fluctuations on the atomic clock's stability. Additionally, a one-pulse-per-second (1PPS) is employed to synchronize the clock with GPS. Fabricated using 65 nm CMOS technology, the measured phase noise of the FS-SoC stands at −69.5 dBc/Hz@100 Hz offset and −83.9 dBc/Hz@1 kHz offset, accompanied by a power dissipation of 19.7 mW. The Cs atomic clock employing the proposed FS-SoC and PSL obtains an Allan deviation of 1.7 × 10−11 with 1-s averaging time.
Power quality disturbance identification based on MD-EfficientNet
Authors: Liu Yuhang , Shi Weifeng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Aiming at the problem of the increase of complex power quality disturbance in new power systems, which leads to the difficulty of perturbation recognition, a power quality perturbation recognition method based on the combination of the Manhattan distance matrix and EfficientNet is proposed. Firstly, the one-dimensional disturbance sequence is transformed into a two-dimensional image by the Manhattan distance matrix. Then, the EfficientNet extracts features from the image, and the output feature map is finally recognized by a linear classifier. The proposed method has high recognition accuracy and good noise robustness under different conditions.
Intelligent scheduling model of main grid outage plan based on multiple indicator constraints
Authors: Zhang Mengfan , Huang Dengyi , Xu Danlei , Wang Shujun , Jiang Chunbing , Xu Fengjiao , Liu Feng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This paper proposes an intelligent scheduling method based on expert knowledge and preference filtering to address the key issues in the grid outage plan scheduling business. By combing, reconstructing, and function disassembling the manual scheduling process of the monthly outage plan, this paper proposes the initial scheduling, coordinated adjustment, rolling scheduling, and conflict retrospective process of the monthly outage plan. It conducts research on the difficult problems existing in the process. For the difficult problem of decoupling the plan adjustment and scheduling-solving process, this paper proposes an expert knowledge-based method, including knowledge graph-based plan association relationship discrimination and supervised learning-based plan prioritization. Finally, this paper carries out the system framework design, service design, database, and data structure design for the proposed intelligent scheduling method. It verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method through case tests in real power grids.
Evaluation study of peak shaving potential of battery swapping stations factoring in service capacity and resource tunability
Authors: Han Shuai , Wu Ning , Ruan Shiya , Zhang Longfei , Sun Leping 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Electric power demand response is an indispensable way to alleviate the pressure on the power system’s supply service and optimize energy utilization. Battery swapping stations (BSSs) feature flexible energy storage resources and a certain degree of autonomy in their charging behaviors, conferring them with certain advantages in participating in the process of power grid regulation. If considering the participation of BSSs in an organized regulation as a means of grid adjustment to formulate a reasonable regulatory strategy, it is imperative to evaluate the potential for different BSSs to participate in grid regulation. Accordingly, commencing by collecting operational data related to these stations, this paper analyzes the key influencing factors for BSSs to participate in demand response for grid peak shaving from dimensions such as their service capacities, swapping demands, and tunable charging loads. This involves constructing a comprehensive evaluation system for the multi-dimensional peak-shaving potential of BSSs and developing corresponding algorithmic models. The aim is to identify and determine the tunability characteristics of BSS resources in peak shaving scenarios within the grid, thereby providing support for the precise formulation of demand response strategies.
EPL-based medium- and long-term end-use energy service demand forecasting model for parks
Authors: Fang Lei , Sun Huazhong , Wang Juanjuan , Cao Kai , Li Guoqiang , Liu Ming 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Aiming at the problem of medium and long-term energy demand forecast in parks, which is limited by meteorological factors, industry production plans, energy policies, energy prices, and other uncertainties which has low accuracy, this paper takes the multi-energy load data of typical parks in Weifang City from 2022 to 2023 as the research object, comprehensively considers a variety of influencing factors, and proposes a medium- and long-term end-user energy service forecasting model for parks based on EPL. The demand prediction model adopts Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) to decompose the load and its drivers into several intrinsic modal functions and residual terms. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) correlation analysis separates the decomposed feature sub-sequence into period and trend terms. Long Short-Term Memory Network (LSTM) is constructed for period and trend forecasting respectively. Finally, the forecasting results are superimposed to receive the final results. The application results show that the EPL-based model for predicting the load demand of the park in the medium and long term has good applicability and reliability.
Research on machine learning-based device fingerprint recognition technology for power internet of things
Authors: Dang Fangfang , Yan Lijing , Yang Ying , Li Shuai , Li Dingding , Niu Dong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
With the rapid development of Electric Power Internet of Things (IoT) technology, a large number of devices are being networked and exposed to cyberspace. Due to the disparity in security design levels and lax management during usage, electric power terminals are susceptible targets for network attackers. This not only causes losses to device owners but also poses a threat to the overall cybersecurity of the network, as compromised devices can serve as nodes for botnets. The importance of addressing this issue cannot be underestimated. Asset identification is a prerequisite for the secure management of IoT devices. This paper analyzes and studies existing asset identification technologies. Existing device identification methods based on message content features have problems such as reliance on textual features of message content and difficulties in labeling large-scale data. To overcome these limitations, a machine learning-based classification method for IoT devices is proposed. This method extracts features from the web homepage of devices and generates feature vector fingerprints. By leveraging the random forest algorithm, the accuracy of IoT device classification is improved. This approach is suitable for asset identification of IoT devices and provides support for the precise implementation of vulnerability scanning for IoT devices.
Thermal performance analysis of an AA-CAES system integrated with CSP and ORC
Authors: Chen Guang , Chen Laijun , Cui Sen , Chen Siyuan , Zhu Zhichao 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
To promote the performance of compressed air energy storage systems and solve the problem of limited initial temperature of AA-CAES turbines, the concept of solar thermal storage CAES and waste heat recovery system (AA-CAES+CSP+ORC) was raised. The mathematical model under the new system was built. Besides, we analyze the superiorities and disadvantages of coupling systems and traditional AA-CAES systems. Accordingly, the effect of main thermodynamic arguments on system characteristics in coupled systems has been studied. The results show that, compared to traditional AA-CAES systems, the electrical-to-electrical transform efficiency of AA-CAES +CSP systems has been improved to a certain extent. Moreover, CSP+AA CAES+ORC achieved 77.1%, and the system efficiency was also improved by nearly 7%. The system can effectively enhance the electrical-to-electrical efficiency. Furthermore, the variation law of the thermal characteristics of the system by the initial heat of the expander and the outlet heat of compression side heat flux are analyzed.