bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of light‐emitting diode versus other light sources for treatment of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Tridente Ascanio , De Luca Daniele 
Published: December 2011

AbstractVarious light‐emitting diode (LED) phototherapy devices have been trialled on the assumption of a more effective spectral distribution of the light emitted. We reviewed the current literature to determine whether LED is more effective than other types of phototherapy. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials of LED versus other phototherapies. Studies were found to be of medium quality based on a components approach. Data were statistically aggregated within a very homogeneous population (term or late preterm neonates). Results appeared robust at sensitivity analysis. Five hundred and eleven neonates were included in the meta‐analysis. LED and other phototherapy devices appeared to be equally effective in reducing total serum bilirubin (TSB) in term or late preterm neonates. The pooled mean TSB rate of decrease was 3.269 μmol/L/h (0.191 mg/dL/h) and 3.074 μmol/L/h (0.18 mg/dL/h) in the LED and conventional arms, respectively [average difference in TSB rate of decrease = 0.194 μmol/L/h (0.011 mg/dL/h) in favour of LED phototherapy; p = 0.378].Conclusion:  No significant difference in TSB rate of decrease was detected between LED and other types of phototherapy. Further randomized controlled trials are needed to ascertain whether LED phototherapy may be more effective when increasing the spectral power, or in certain selected subpopulations.
Definitions Matter in Understanding Social Inclusion
Authors: Martin Lynn , Cobigo Virginie 
Published: December 2011

AbstractSocial inclusion is an explicit goal of legislation, policies, and supports for persons with intellectual and developmental disabilities in many countries. However, evidence outlining the dimensions of social inclusion is still limited. How we understand social inclusion defines how it is measured. This study aims to better understand the concept and indicators of social inclusion. Retrospective analyses were conducted on 1,341 adults with intellectual disabilities residing in institutional and community‐based settings who were assessed with the “interRAI Intellectual Disability” instrument. Objective and subjective items in the instrument related to five domains of social inclusion (i.e., relationships, leisure, productive activities, accommodations, and informal support). The results highlighted the heterogeneity within domains, and by the nature of the indicator. Overall, percentages varied between 3.0% and 96.4% depending on which indicator was used; variability also existed in rates achieved using objective and subjective indicators. Acceptable‐to‐good levels of internal consistency were reported for three of the five domains; low correlations were found to exist between some, but not all, domains. The results of this study demonstrate that without an understanding of what social inclusion means for both general and vulnerable populations, it is not clear what is being measured, or how it should be measured. A clear definition of inclusion and its measurement is needed for decision‐makers and service providers to define the nature of their responsibilities, set actions, and assess their effectiveness in achieving inclusion.
Solution‐Focused Brief Therapy With People With Mild Intellectual Disabilities: A Case Series
Authors: Roeden John M. , Maaskant Marian A. , Bannink Fredrike P. , Curfs Leopold M. G. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractSolution‐focused brief therapy (SFBT) is a form of behavior therapy that focuses on evoking desired behavior rather than on the existing problem behavior. To illustrate the use of this form of therapy, the authors undertook a study of 10 case studies of applications of SFBT with people with a mild intellectual disability (MID). For all 10 cases, before SFBT, after SFBT, and during a follow‐up after 6 weeks, the following measurements were taken: assessment of quality of life and assessment of maladaptive behavior as well as goal attainment according to people with MID and according to carers. It was found that SFBT treatments contributed to improvements in psychological functioning and decreases in maladaptive behavior. In addition, achievement of goal attainments were noted according to both people with MID and their carers. The positive changes evident after SFBT proved sustainable during follow‐up. Treatment strategies and therapeutic alliances employed were usually assessed as positive by the participants. Although the study had limitations due to the lack of a control group and the small number of cases, the fact that several case studies showed positive treatments results did indicate the effectiveness of SFBT for people with MID.
Adults With Intellectual Disabilities Living in Hong Kong's Residential Care Facilities: A Descriptive Analysis of Health and Disease Patterns by Sex, Age, and Presence of Down Syndrome
Authors: Wong Chi Wai 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe aim of this study was to describe the health status profile and identify the healthcare needs of adults with intellectual disability (ID) residing in 18 of Hong Kong's residential care facilities. The author employed a cross‐sectional study using a structured questionnaire survey to collect data on 811 persons with ID (432 males, 53.3%, and 379 females, 46.7%) with an average age of 44. Of the residents, 107 (13.2%) had Down syndrome, 275 (34%) had epilepsy, and 134 (16.6%) had cerebral palsy. Some 25.4% were underweight and 27.3% were overweight. They had the same illnesses as the general population, but the relative frequencies were different. In terms of prevalence, the top five chronic conditions were epilepsy, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cataract, and gout (compared to Hong Kong's general population, where the top five conditions were hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cataract, heart disease, and respiratory disease). Compared to the general population, the prevalence of epilepsy, dementia, and gout among the adults was higher and there was an earlier onset of dementia. Also noted was an increasing rate of common chronic diseases in the age group 40+. Adults with Down syndrome showed higher prevalence of cataract, gout, heart disease, thyroid disease, hemorrhoids, dementia, hypercholesterolemia, psoriasis, varicose veins, fatty liver, cirrhosis, sleep apnea, as well as prostatic hypertrophy. The author concludes that there is lack of information about healthcare service for people with ID in Hong Kong, and that the study findings should have implications for policy development in the area of healthcare services for people with ID.
Pediatric migraine teaching for families
Authors: Craddock Lindsay , Ray Lynne D. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractPurpose.  Child and family education regarding management of pediatric migraine is essential to reduce acute pain, prevent chronic daily migraine, and minimize the total number of headache attacks. This paper summarizes current evidence and provides a foundation for family teaching.Conclusions.  Effective management of pediatric migraine can be achieved with a combination of individually tailored biobehavioral strategies, lifestyle modifications, and optimal scheduling of rescue and preventative pharmacologic treatment.Practice Implications.  Included are goal setting recommendations, common triggers, key comorbidities, lifestyle modifications, principles of pharmacologic management, commonly used naturopathic compounds, and a link to an online downloadable teaching handout.
Dialogue social et gouvernance de la sécurité sociale: un thème d'actualité pour l'OIT
Authors: Ghellab Youcef , Varela Nancy , Woodall John 
Published: December 2011

RésuméDe tous les sujets intéressant le monde du travail, aucun ne reflète peut‐être mieux les principes du tripartisme et du dialogue social que la sécurité sociale. On est donc naturellement fondéà se demander si ces instruments essentiels de bonne gouvernance ont été, et sont toujours, employés efficacement pour surmonter les sérieux défis auxquels de nombreux régimes de sécurité sociale sont actuellement confrontés. La réforme de la sécurité sociale, notamment en ce qui concerne les prestations de retraite, a figuré en bonne place durant ces dernières décennies parmi les priorités de nombreux pays, reflétant ainsi l'impact de facteurs tels que la mondialisation et le vieillissement démographique. De nouveaux thèmes se sont récemment immiscés dans le débat, suite à la crise financière et économique mondiale. Le Bureau international du Travail (BIT) s'est efforcé d'analyser et de comprendre ces questions; tant avant qu'après la crise économique, les départements du Dialogue social et de la Sécurité sociale ont entrepris conjointement des études, dont les résultats sont mitigés. La valeur et la pertinence du dialogue social ont été confortées dans plusieurs pays où cette tradition est fortement ancrée et donne des résultats positifs. Malheureusement, confrontés à de graves tensions économiques et soumis aux fortes pressions des institutions financières internationales (IFI) et d'autres organismes, d'autres gouvernements ont agi unilatéralement, parfois sans prendre la mesure de leurs responsabilités constitutionnelles. Les auteurs concluent qu'il est à la fois nécessaire et possible de réexaminer cette problématique, et de réactiver l'engagement et la volonté politiques nécessaires à l'instauration d'un dialogue social tripartite, afin de résoudre les questions politiques, souvent complexes et lourdes de conséquences, qui se posent en matière de sécurité sociale.
Attitude des employeurs à l'égard du respect des obligations en matière d'assurance sociale à Shanghai, en Chine
Authors: Nyland Chris , Thomson S. Bruce , Zhu Cherrie J. 
Published: December 2011

RésuméLa gestion du respect des obligations en matière d'assurance sociale représente un problème de gouvernance particulièrement important dans les pays émergents dont les régimes de réglementation souffrent de lacunes. En s'appuyant sur des données qualitatives issues de huit études de cas menées à Shanghai, en République populaire de Chine, le présent article analyse de façon approfondie la manière dont les employeurs répondent aux tentatives de l'Etat de gérer leurs comportements envers l'assurance sociale. Le sentiment des employeurs et leurs réactions aux politiques en place et aux structures de réglementation traduisent cinq préoccupations principales: l'élaboration d'une politique efficace, une réglementation équitable, le contrôle des coûts, la réputation de leur entreprise et le recrutement et la fidélisation de leur personnel. Ces données indiquent également que trois éléments inhérents aux entreprises peuvent exercer une incidence sur le respect des obligations: les facteurs de risque, les compétences de leur personnel et leur type de propriété. Il avait été supposé que la taille de l'entreprise pouvait également influer sur le respect des obligations en matière d'assurance sociale, mais les données n'ont rien révélé de patent en ce sens.
Vision impairment during cardiac surgery and extracorporeal circulation: current understanding and the need for further investigation
Authors: Nenekidis Ioannis , Pournaras Constantin J. , Tsironi Evangelia , Tsilimingas Nikolaos 
Published: December 2011

Abstract.The aim of this article was to provide a comprehensive review of current knowledge regarding ocular hemodynamic alterations affecting the retinal neuroglial cells and optic nerve head (ONH) function during cardiac surgery. Literature indicates that visual loss after heart surgery is a rare but devastating complication provoked by two main causes of optic ischaemia and infarction during on‐pump cardiac procedures: microembolism and/or hypoperfusion. Retinal ischaemia and ischaemic optic neuropathy are two possible major consequences of extracorporeal circulation in cardiac surgery. The hemodynamic modifications within the vascular beds of retina and ONH during cardiovascular operations have been incompletely studied. Consequently, it is of great interest to investigate the hemodynamic changes during cardiopulmonary bypass within the choroidal, retinal and optic nerve microcirculations as well as other potential causes of vaso‐occlusion. Maintaining stable hemodynamic parameters during cardiovascular surgery seems to be the key to prevent visual impairment.
Predictive factors for cholangiocarcinoma associated with hepatolithiasis determined on the basis of Japanese Multicenter study
Authors: Suzuki Yutaka , Mori Toshiyuki , Abe Nobutsugu , Sugiyama Masanori , Atomi Yutaka 
Published: December 2011

Aim:  The aim of this study was to delineate predictive factors for cholangiocarcinoma in patients with hepatolithiasis, and to establish optimal management for hepatolithiasis from the viewpoint of carcinogenesis on the basis of a Japanese nationwide survey for hepatolithiasis.Methods:  The Hepatolithiasis Research Group was organized in 2006 by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan, and conducted a nationwide survey. The research group collected data on 336 cases of hepatolithiasis in 2006, in a cross‐sectional survey involving 2592 institutions in Japan. Predictive factors for cholangiocarcinoma associated with hepatolithiasis were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analyses of clinicopathological and therapeutic factors.Results:  Twenty‐three patients had cholangiocarcinoma. Histories of choledocoenterostomy and liver atrophy were found to be significantly predictive factors by multivariate analysis. In 87.5% of cases of cholangiocarcinoma with liver atrophy, cholangiocarcinoma was located in the atrophic lobes. The method of reconstruction did not affect the incidence of cholangiocarcinoma (choledochojejunostomy vs. choledochoduodenostomy; side‐to‐end vs. side‐to‐side anastomosis).Conclusions:  Choledocoenterostomy and liver atrophy may increase the risk of developing cholangiocarcinoma. Choledocoenterostomy is thus contraindicated in patients with hepatolithiasis. An aggressive resection strategy is recommended for an atrophic segment.
Possible widespread presence of hepatitis A virus subgenotype IIIA in Japan: Recent trend of hepatitis A causing acute liver failure
Authors: Miyamura Tatsuo , Ishii Koji , Kanda Tatsuo , Tawada Akinobu , Sekimoto Tadashi , Wu Shuang , Nakamoto Shingo , Arai Makoto , Fujiwara Keiichi , Imazeki Fumio , Kiyohara Tomoko , Wakita Takaji , Yokosuka Osamu 
Published: December 2011

Aim:  Recently, the number of acute hepatitis A cases has decreased in Japan. However, six patients with acute liver failure caused by hepatitis A virus (HAV) have been admitted to Chiba University Hospital, Japan, in the last 18 months, between 2010 and June 2011. The aim of this study is to characterize the recent HAV genotypes from an urban hospital in Japan and to compare the clinical differences.Methods:  Hepatitis A virus RNA was detected by strand‐specific reverse transcription. Then, HAV VP1/2A regions were amplified by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Sequences were directly determined and phylogenetic trees were constructed for determining HAV subgenotypes.Results:  Analysis of these HAV genomes revealed that 4 and 2 belonged to subgenotypes IA and IIIA, respectively.Conclusions:  Fujiwara et al. reported a frequency of HAV subgenotype IIIA of only 2.1% in Japan. We conclude that HAV subgenotype IIIA might be widespread in our country.
Prevalence of Patent Foramen Ovale with Right‐to‐Left Shunting in Dogs with Pulmonic Stenosis
Authors: Fujii Y. , Nishimoto Y. , Sunahara H. , Takano H. , Aoki T. 
Published: December 2011

BackgroundRight‐to‐left (R‐L) shunt caused by patent foramen ovale (PFO) concurrent with pulmonic stenosis (PS) is considered common, although there is a lack of published evidence.ObjectivesTo investigate the prevalence of R‐L shunt caused by a PFO in dogs with PS.AnimalsThirty‐one client‐owned dogs with PS, without obvious extracardiac disease detected on the clinical examinations.MethodsCase control study: R‐L shunt probably caused by PFO was diagnosed when IV injected microbubbles appeared at the left atrial level with an intact atrial septum on echocardiography (bubble‐positive dogs). The severity of PS concurrent tricuspid regurgitation (TR), relative thickness of the right ventricle, and relative right atrial area were compared between bubble‐positive and bubble‐negative dogs.ResultsThe prevalence of R‐L shunts caused by PFO was 39% (12 of 31 cases). The instantaneous pressure gradient (PG) across the pulmonic valve and relative thickness of the right ventricle were significantly increased in bubble‐positive compared with those in bubble‐negative dogs. None of the dogs with mild or moderate PS (pressure gradient < 80 mm Hg, n = 2) demonstrated R‐L shunt. The prevalence of TR in bubble‐positive dogs was significantly higher than that in bubble‐negative dogs.Discussion and Clinical RelevancePatent foramen ovale PFO with R‐L shunt was more common in dogs with very severe PS and absent in dogs with mild PS.
Flow‐Mediated Vasodilation Measurements inCavalierKingCharlesSpaniels with Increasing Severity of Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease
Authors: Moesgaard S.G. , Klostergaard C. , Zois N.E. , Teerlink T. , Molin M. , Falk T. , Rasmussen C.E. , Luis Fuentes V. , Jones I.D. , Olsen L.H. 
Published: December 2011

BackgroundCardiovascular disease is associated with endothelial dysfunction in humans and studies of plasma biomarkers suggest that dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) might also have endothelial dysfunction.HypothesisThat progression of mitral regurgitation (MR) is associated with development of endothelial dysfunction.AnimalsForty‐threeCavalierKingCharlesSpaniels (CKCS) withMRof varying severity.MethodsPrivately ownedCKCSwere prospectively recruited and divided in 4 groups: (1) 12CKCSwith minimalMR; (2) 9CKCSwith mildMR; (3) 11CKCSwith moderate‐severeMR; and (4) 11CKCSwith moderate‐severeMRand clinical signs compatible with heart failure. Dogs underwent blood sampling, echocardiography, blood pressure (BP) recordings, and flow‐mediated vasodilation (FMD) measurements. The effect of progressiveMRonFMDwas determined by multivariate analyses.ResultsFlow‐mediated vasodilation decreased with progression ofMR. Group 4 (4.79 ± 3.22%) had significantly lowerFMDthan groups 1 (10.40 ± 4.58%) and 2 (10.14 ± 3.67%) (P < .005) and group 3 (6.79 ± 3.98%) had a significantly lowerFMDthan group 1 (P = .03). Increasing left ventricular end‐diastolic diameter (P = .0004, R2 = 0.27) and the combination of age (P = .01) and body weight (P = .002) (R2 = 0.31) were significantly associated with reducedFMD.FMDdid not correlate with sex,BP, or plasma markers.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceReducedFMDindicates that increased disease severity inCKCSwithMMVDis associated with development of endothelial dysfunction which might be a future therapeutic and/or diagnostic target.
Coronary patients who returned to work had stronger internal locus of control beliefs than those who did not return to work
Authors: Bergvik Svein , Sørlie Tore , Wynn Rolf 
Published: December 2011

Objectives. Return To Work (RTW) is an important indicator of recovery from coronary artery disease (CAD), associated with social and economical benefits, and improved quality of life. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery are effective procedures relieving symptoms and reducing the risk for new events, but psychosocial problems are frequent among these patients. The aim was to determine psychosocial and treatment‐related factors associated with RTW among PCI and CABG patients in Northern Norway.Design. Cross‐sectional design based on questionnaire data from CABG and PCI patients 3–15 months following discharge, and from hospital records.Methods. Of the 348 responding patients, 168 were younger than 67 years and working prior to hospitalization. Factors associated with RTW were examined in a logistic regression analysis.Results. A total of 108 (64%) had RTW within 3–15 months. Four factors made unique significant contributions to the model, including higher education, time since hospital discharge and Internal Locus of Control (LoC) of the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale (MHLC) as positively associated factors, and Powerful Others LoC as a negatively associated factor. Analyses controlled for data on demographics, emergency status, type of treatment, number of days at the hospital, physical exercise, attending a rehabilitation program, mental distress, Type D personality, and for the CABG patients additional data on coronary health.Conclusions. Patients’ control beliefs and educational level are significant psychosocial factors associated with RTW following PCI and CABG treatment. Implications for hospital treatment and rehabilitation programs are discussed.
Efficacy of US paediatric obesity primary care guidelines: two randomized trials
Authors: Raynor H. A. , Osterholt K. M. , Hart C. N. , Jelalian E. , Vivier P. , Wing R. R. 
Published: December 2011

SummaryObjectiveThe objective of this study was to examine the efficacy of US primary care paediatric obesity treatment recommendations, within two randomized trials.MethodsBetween November 2005 to September 2007, 182 families (children aged 4–9 years, body mass index [BMI] ≥85th percentile) were recruited for two separate trials and randomized within trial to a 6‐month intervention. Each trial had one intervention that increased child growth‐monitoring frequency and feedback to families (GROWTH MONITORING). Each trial also had two interventions, combining GROWTH MONITORING with an eight‐session, behavioural, parent‐only intervention targeting two energy‐balance behaviours (Trial 1: reducing snack foods and sugar‐sweetened beverages [DECREASE], and increasing fruits, vegetables and low‐fat dairy [INCREASE]; Trial 2: decreasing sugar‐sweetened beverages and increasing physical activity [TRADITIONAL] and increasing low‐fat milk consumption and reducing television watching [SUBSTITUTES]). Child standardized BMI (ZBMI) and energy intake were assessed at 0, 6 and 12 months.ResultsIn both trials, main effects of time were found for ZBMI, which decreased at 6 and 12 months (P < 0.01). In Trial 1, ZBMI reduced from 0 to 6 months, which was maintained from 6 to 12 months (ΔZBMI 0 to 12 months = −0.12 ± 0.22). In Trial 2, ZBMI reduced from 0 to 6 and from 6 to 12 months (ΔZBMI 0–12 months = −0.16 ± 0.31). For energy intake, main effects of time were found in both trials and intake reduced from 0 to 6 months (P < 0.05), with Trial 1 reducing intake from 0 to 12 months (P < 0.05).ConclusionsAll interventions improved weight status. Future research should examine effectiveness and translatability of these approaches into primary care settings.