bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Student and Teacher Experiences and Perceptions of “Make Basketball Count” – a Program That Delivers Integrated Basketball and Numeracy Lessons for Primary Schools
Authors: Riley Nicholas , Sanctuary Colin , Drew Ryan , Robinson Katie 
Published: February 2025

Purpose: Physical activity is beneficial for children’s health and well-being, but competing demands on schools has reduced the amount of time children are active. Integrating physical activity into the school curriculum has shown promise for improving educational outcomes including enjoyment, engagement, and perceived well-being. This study evaluated the feasibility of the Make Basketball Count program, which combined basketball skills with mathematics concepts. Methods: Grade 3 students (n = 104, aged 9–11 years) from two schools participated in the program, consisting of six weekly physically active math lessons using basketball as a stimulus delivered by qualified teachers and a basketball development officer. Students and teachers completed program evaluation questionnaires. Students also completed semistructured interviews through focus groups. Results: Positive feedback was received regarding program enjoyment, engagement, and perceived benefits (health, well-being, and confidence). Discussion: This study provides preliminary evidence that the program was feasible for delivery in primary schools. A randomized controlled trial is recommended to determine the impact of the program.
Macroscopic dynamics of the antiferroelectric smectic $$Z_\textrm{A}$$ phase and its magnetic analog $$Z_\textrm{M}$$
Authors: Brand Helmut R. , Pleiner Harald 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We analyze the macroscopic dynamics of antiferroelectric smectic

$$Z_\textrm{A}$$

Z
A

and antiferromagnetic smectic

$$Z_\textrm{M}$$

Z
M

liquid crystals. The smectic

$$Z_\textrm{A}$$

Z
A

phase is characterized by antiferroelectric order in one direction in the planes of the smectic layers giving rise to an orthogonal biaxial overall symmetry without polar direction. Thus in sufficiently thick (bulk) samples without externally applied electric fields, globally

$$D_{2h}$$

D

2
h

symmetry results. Therefore, the macroscopic dynamics of the smectic

$$Z_\textrm{A}$$

Z
A

is isomorphic to that of the McMillan phase and one can take over the corresponding results in the field-free limit. This also applies to the defect structure in the sense that one can expect the appearance of half-integer defects as they have also been observed for the McMillan phase. Based on the fact that ferromagnetic nematic liquid crystals are known for about a decade, it seems natural to investigate the antiferromagnetic analog of the smectic

$$Z_\textrm{A}$$

Z
A

phase, which we denote as

$$Z_\textrm{M}$$

Z
M

in the present paper. In this phase, one also has an in-plane preferred direction, which is, however, not like a director in an ordinary nematic, but odd under time reversal. It can be characterized by a staggered magnetization,

$${\varvec{N}}$$

N

, just as in a solid antiferromagnet like MnO. As additional macroscopic variables when compared to a usual non-polar smectic A phase, we have the in-plane staggered magnetization and the magnetization

$${\varvec{M}}$$

M

. As a consequence, we find that spin waves (frequently called anti-magnons in solids) become possible. Therefore, we have for the antiferromagnetic smectic phase,

$$Z_\textrm{M}$$

Z
M

, three pairs of propagating modes: first and ‘second’ sound as in usual smectic A phases and one pair of spin waves. The coupling between ‘second’ sound and spin waves is also analyzed leading to the possibility to excite spin waves by dynamic layer compressions and, vice versa, to generate ‘second’ sound by temporally varying magnetic fields. We note, however, that without additional mechanical or magnetic deformations, the coupling between spin waves on the one hand and first and second sound on the other is a higher order effect in the wave vector

$$\textbf{q} $$

q

. We also analyze the question of antiferroelectricity and antiferromagnetism for nematic liquid crystals.

Graphical abstract
Development of an epithermal and fast neutron target station for the High Brilliance Neutron Source
Authors: Schmidt Norberto Sebastián , Shabani Doruntin , Li Jingjing , Zakalek Paul , Mauerhofer Eric , Dawidowski Javier , Gutberlet Thomas 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The conceptual design of an epithermal and fast neutron target–moderator–reflector (TMR) unit for the High Brilliance Neutron Source (HBS) project is presented. A total of 450 simulations with the Monte Carlo code were analyzed to explore different combinations and thicknesses of pre-moderator and moderator materials. For each case, the highest epithermal outgoing neutron current at the end of an extraction channel was obtained. Analysis of the outgoing current density showed that the neutron spectra are independent of the proton pulse width, while the integral outgoing current is proportional to the pulse width, indicating a trade-off between the time resolution obtained and the neutron flux per pulse expected at the sample position. The neutron time distribution analysis showed that

$$\hbox {D}_2$$

D
2

O as pre-moderator, combined with

$$\hbox {D}_2$$

D
2

O, 7LiF or graphite as moderators, will provide a competitive epithermal neutron current. The averaged epithermal and fast values obtained for the 96 Hz station and 167

$$\upmu $$

μ

s proton pulse width are

$$9 \times 10^{9}\,\hbox {cm}^{-2}\,\hbox {s}^{-1}$$

9
×

10
9

cm

-
2

s

-
1

and

$$2 \times 10^{10}\,\hbox {cm}^{-2}\,\hbox {s}^{-1}$$

2
×

10
10

cm

-
2

s

-
1

for the epithermal and fast neutron extraction channels, respectively, with reductions expected for short proton pulses in burst-mode operation.
Simulating rotating newtonian universes
Authors: Pál Balázs , Goh Tze , Rácz Gábor , Szapudi István 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We present the results of a novel type of numerical simulation that realizes a rotating Universe with a shear-free, rigid body rotation inspired by a Gödel-like metric. We run cosmological simulations of unperturbed glasses with various degrees of rotation in the Einstein–de Sitter and the

$$\Lambda$$

Λ

CDM cosmologies. To achieve this, we use the N-body code capable of simulating the infinite Universe, overcoming the technical obstacles of classical toroidal (periodic) topologies that would otherwise prevent us from running such simulations. Results show a clear anisotropy between the polar and equatorial expansion rates with more than

$$1~\%$$

1

%

deviation from the isotropic case for maximal rotation without closed timeline curves within the horizon,

$$\omega _{0} \approx 10^{-3}$$

ω
0

≈

10

-
3

$$\hbox {Gyr}^{-1}$$

Gyr

-
1

; a considerable effect in the era of precision cosmology.
Discovery of the Low-Hemorrhagic Antithrombotic Effect of Montelukast by Targeting FXIa in Mice
Authors: Zhou Yang , Wang Dong , Wu Juhong , Qi Yingying , Song Meiru , Yao Huiqiao , Liao Christopher Kai , Lin Haili , Huang Meijuan , Zhuo Dexiang , Jiang Longguang , Yuan Cai , Chen Yuanzhong , Huang Mingdong , Li Jinyu , Xu Peng 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND:
FXIa (coagulation factor XIa) is considered as a promising antithrombotic target with reduced hemorrhagic liabilities. The objective of this study was to identify a small-molecule inhibitor of FXIa as a potential low-hemorrhagic anticoagulant.

METHODS:

A high-throughput virtual screening was conducted using a drug repurposing library with the catalytic domain of FXIa as the bait. The identified inhibitor’s anticoagulant activity was evaluated in vitro and in both arterial and venous murine thrombotic models. The dependency of the inhibitor on FXIa was further examined using FXI
−/−
mice. Hemorrhagic risks were subsequently evaluated in models of both localized and major bleeding.

RESULTS:

Virtual screening led to the identification of montelukast, a commonly used antiasthmatic drug, as a potent and specific FXIa inhibitor (IC
50
, 0.17 μmol/L). MK exhibited anticoagulant effects comparable to those of 2 mostly prescribed anticoagulants (warfarin and apixaban) in both arterial and venous thrombotic models. Notably, in stark contrast to the pronounced hemorrhagic risks of warfarin and apixaban, MK did not measurably increase the tendency of localized or major bleeding. Furthermore, MK did not prolong the time to arterial thrombotic occlusion in FXI
−/−
mice, while effectively inhibited arterial occlusion induced by the reinfusion of recombinant FXIa, confirming that MK’s anticoagulant activity is mediated by plasma FXIa. Additionally, MK ameliorated inflammation levels and mitigated pulmonary microthrombus formation in a septic mouse model. Moreover, combination therapy with MK enhanced the antithrombotic effects of antiplatelets without an obvious increase of hemorrhage.

CONCLUSIONS:
This proof-of-concept study suggests the potent low-hemorrhage antithrombotic effect of MK by targeting FXIa and unveiling a new therapeutic application of MK.
Sex-Divergent Blood Pressure Associations With Multiorgan System Metabolic Stress
Authors: Kwan Alan C. , Wang Minhao , Ji Hongwei , Claggett Brian , Ouyang David , Trivedi Hirsh , Sharma Sonia , Shyy John , Velazquez Amanda , Ebinger Joseph E. , Cheng Susan 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND:
Women experience excess cardiovascular risk compared with men in the setting of similar metabolic disease burden. We aimed to examine sex differences in the vascular response to various forms of metabolic stress.

METHODS:

We conducted an observational study of 4299 adult participants (52% women, aged 59±13 years) of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017 to 2018 cohort and 110 225 adult outpatients (55% women, aged 64±16 years) from the Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in 2019. We used natural splines to examine the association of systemic and organ-specific measures of metabolic stress including body mass index, hemoglobin A1c, hepatic FIB-4 score, and CKD-EPI estimated glomerular filtration rate with systolic blood pressure (SBP). Piecewise linear models were generated using normal value thresholds (body mass index <25 kg/m
2
, hemoglobin A1c <5.7%, FIB-4 <1.3, and estimated glomerular filtration rate ≥90 mL/min), which approximated observed spline break points. The primary outcome was an increase in SBP in association with increase in each metabolic measure.

RESULTS:

Women compared with men demonstrated larger magnitudes and an earlier onset of increase in SBP per increment increase across all metabolic stress measures. The slope of SBP increase per increment of each metabolic measure was greater for women than men particularly for metabolic measures within the normal range, with slope differences of 1.86 mm Hg per kg/m
2
of body mass index, 12.48 mm Hg per %hemoglobin A1c, 6.87 mm Hg per FIB-4 unit, and 0.44 mm Hg per mL/min decrement of estimated glomerular filtration rate in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cohort (
P
difference <0.05 for all). Overall results were consistent in the Cedars-Sinai Medical Center cohort.

CONCLUSIONS:
Women exhibited greater SBP alteration in the setting of multiple types of metabolic stress, particularly in periods representing the transition from metabolic health to disease. These findings suggest potential benefit of early metabolic health interventions as part of efforts to mitigate vascular risks in both women and men.
Youth Blood Pressure and Target Organ Injury Markers: The SHIP AHOY Study
Authors: Hamdani Gilad , Urbina Elaine M. , Daniels Stephen R. , Falkner Bonita E. , Ferguson Michael A. , Flynn Joseph T. , Hanevold Coral D. , Ingelfinger Julie R. , Khoury Philip R. , Lande Marc B. , Meyers Kevin E. , Samuels Joshua , Mitsnefes Mark 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND:
Hypertension in adolescence is associated with subclinical target organ injury. We aimed to determine whether different blood pressure thresholds were associated with an increasing number of target organ injury markers in healthy adolescents.

METHODS:
A total of 244 participants (mean age 15.5±1.8 years, 60.1% male) were studied. Participants were divided based on systolic clinic and systolic awake ambulatory blood pressure into low- (<75th percentile), mid- (75th–90th percentile), and high-risk (>90th percentile) groups. The ambulatory blood pressure phenotype was classified as normotensive, white-coat, masked, or sustained hypertension. Target organ injury assessments included left ventricular mass, systolic and diastolic function, and vascular stiffness. A multivariable general linear model was constructed to evaluate the association of different participant characteristics with higher numbers of target organ injury markers.

RESULTS:

A total of 31.2% of participants had 1, 11.9% 2, 3.7% 3, and 0.8% 4 target organ injury markers. The number of target organ injury markers increased according to the risk groups: the percentage of participants with >1 marker in the low-, mid-, and high-risk groups was 6.7%, 19.1%, and 21.8% (
P
=0.02) and 9.6%, 15.8%, and 32.2% (
P
<0.001), based on clinic and ambulatory blood pressure, respectively. Participants with white-coat (23%), masked (35%), and sustained hypertension (32%) had significantly higher >1 target organ injury marker than normotensives (8%,
P
<0.001). The results were unchanged in multivariate analysis.

CONCLUSIONS:
High clinic and ambulatory blood pressure values, as well as ambulatory blood pressure phenotypes (white-coat, masked, and sustained hypertension), were independently associated with an increasing number of subclinical cardiovascular injury markers in adolescents.
Endovascular Therapy in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke With Large Infarct: A Guideline From the Society of Vascular and Interventional Neurology
Authors: Mokin Maxim , Jovin Tudor G. , Sheth Sunil A. , Nguyen Thanh N. , Asif Kaiz S. , Hassan Ameer E. , Jadhav Ashutosh P. , Kenmuir Cynthia , Liebeskind David S. , Mansour Ossama , Nogueira Raul G. , Novakovic Robin , Ortega‐Gutierrez Santiago , Yoo Albert J. , Guerrero Waldo R. , Malik Amer M. ,   for the SVIN GAPS committee
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND
Recent randomized clinical trials of endovascular therapy in patients with large infarct provided new evidence in support of endovascular interventions in patients with acute ischemic stroke. The Society of Vascular and Interventional Neurology Guidelines and Practice Standards committee aims to provide up‐to‐date recommendations on focused relevant clinical questions. Here, we review current evidence and provide recommendations for the selection and endovascular treatment of patients with anterior circulation large vessel occlusion and large infarct.

METHODS
The Society of Vascular and Interventional Neurology Guidelines and Practice Standards committee assembled a writing group and recruited interdisciplinary experts to review and evaluate the current literature. Recommendations were assigned using the Guidelines and Practice Standards Class of Recommendation/Level of Evidence algorithm and guideline format. The recommendations were developed through a consensus process involving an expert panel of vascular neurologists, neurointensivists, and neurointerventionalists. The final guideline was approved by the Guidelines and Practice Standards committee and the Society of Vascular and Interventional Neurology board of directors.

RESULTS
Literature review yielded 6 high‐quality randomized trials and 6 meta‐analyses of patients with large infarct from anterior circulation large vessel occlusion treated with endovascular therapy versus medical management that have been extracted to derive the enclosed summary recommendations. We provide separate recommendations for those presenting within 6 hours of symptoms onset and those presenting in the 6–24‐hour treatment window.

CONCLUSION
These guidelines provide focused practical recommendations based on recent evidence regarding the selection and endovascular therapy in patients with acute ischemic stroke with large infarct.
The Persistence of the Old Regime and its Culture: Friedrich Nietzsche and the Aristocratic-Bourgeois Bloc
Authors: Azzarà Stefano G. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The recent English edition of Nietzsche, the Aristocratic Rebel has reopened the debate on the re-rereading of Nietzsche proposed by Domenico Losurdo in 2002. When dealing with the German philosopher, two opposite errors are to be avoided: interpreting him as directly paving the way for Nazism culturally, or making him a prophet of ultra-individualism and anarcho-libertarianism who anticipates the postmodern turn. The point is to understand Nietzsche in his own time and hence to proceed based on a precise historical and political survey. Following the line of research suggested by Arno J. Mayer and Charles Maier, this article challenges the idea of a Sonderweg that supposedly led German modernisation inexorably to Nazism. It then defines the sociological and cultural characteristics of the aristocratic-bourgeois bloc that furnished the ruling classes of Europe between the late nineteenth century and the First World War. Finally, it shows how Nietzsche gave consummate expression to this bloc culturally and philosophically, in a (vain) attempt to rejuvenate its hegemony.
Philology Betwixt and Between: Johan David Michaelis and his British Interlocutors
Authors: Palmieri Kristine 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Johann David Michaelis’s longstanding engagement with British scholarship is often noted yet rarely examined. This article thus focuses on his interactions with three prominent correspondents – Robert Lowth, Benjamin Kennicott, and Sir John Pringle – in order to do two thigs. On one hand, it sheds new light on Michaelis’s English connections, so as to underscore not just the persistence of that trans-national sociability and those scholarly interactions which characterized the early modern Republic of Letters until the late eighteenth century, but also the importance of these connections for the development of German scholarship. On the other hand, it offers a micropolitics of knowledge, which highlights the extent to which local circumstances and confessional considerations impacted both the scope and the aims of the philological projects these men undertook.
On Creation, Nature, and the Ethical Self: a Comparative Analysis of Ikhwān al-Ṣafāʾ, al-Rāghib al-Iṣfahānī, and Abū Ḥāmid al-Ghazālī
Authors: Al-Daghistani Sami 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this paper, I examine ideas on creation, nature, and the ethical self as conceptualized by the Ikhwān al-Ṣafāʾ (Brethren of Purity, fl. ca. 350–369/961–980) and al-Rāghib al-Iṣfahānī (d. before 409/1018), with a particular focus on Abū Ḥāmid al-Ghazālī (d. 505/1111). Drawing from the classical scholarship on kalām, taṣawwuf, and falsafa, I analyze texts by these ethicists who wrote on nature and the role of the human as part of their ethical understanding of the universe as a means to achieve salvation in the Hereafter. By cross-referencing the abovementioned classical scholars and their ideas, I ask how nature is conceptualized in the classical Islamic tradition as part of the divine creation and how closely it was conceived in relation to obtaining a virtuous character. Looking at these three figures who show a degree of cross-influence, indicates that these scholars wrote on creation and nature from an integrative perspective, encompassing theological, philosophical, and cosmological questions as ethical concerns. Reading these scholars presupposes that nature was not separated from other domains but rather amalgamated in a web of approaches and movements that addressed, for instance, the creation of the cosmos and its conservation based on a utilitarian perspective that was nonetheless ingrained in a metaphysical understanding of the universe. In a similar vein, this paper invites us to rethink the contemporary designations of nature/environment as a monovalent concept, encapsulated in a particular division of sciences as it appeared in modern Europe, and hence welcomes a critical take on the current debates on environmental sustainability as a common ethical concern.
How does occupational therapy literature conceptualise executive functions and how this influences occupational therapy assessment? An integrative review
Authors: Heaps Alex 
Published: February 2025

Background: Occupational therapists (OT) are commonly tasked with assessing the functional impact of an executive dysfunctional following a brain injury. Research has highlighted uncertainty in the literature regarding how this phenomenon is understood in occupational therapy. Purpose: To explore the conceptual understanding of executive function in OT literature and how this influences the professions approach to assessment. Method: An integrative review of 13 studies was completed using thematic analysis to generate themes in the literature. Results: Four themes were generated: (1) There is inconsistency in our working definition of executive functions (EF) and what constitutes a component (2) EF is conceptualised in singular complex tasks in the OT literature, (3) There is uncertainty on the accuracy of assessing EF performance in one-off tasks (4) There is uncertainty about what constitutes normal EF performance in an occupation. Conclusions: This integrative review identifies challenges in the conceptualisation and assessment of executive functions within OT. Inconsistent definitions, reliance on neuropsychological frameworks and standardised assessments, such as the multiple-errands test and executive function performance test, fail to capture the complex and individualised nature of occupational performance. The limited integration of occupational science further hampers the development of OT-specific approaches. Clearer definitions and qualitative research would enable advancements in practice and enhance client-centred interventions.
Hepatic Expression of Fibroblast Growth Factor 19 Significantly Correlates With Serum Bile Acids in Neonatal Cholestasis
Authors: Fouad Ola A. , Zaghlol Doaa F. , Sweed Dina M. , Saber Magdy A. , Sira Mostafa M. 
Published: February 2025

Background: Bile acids in the ileum act as a feedback regulator of their own synthesis by inducing the release of ileal fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19), which inhibits the cholesterol-7-alpha hydroxylase enzyme. In cholestasis, this feedback mechanism is dysregulated. FGF19 is not expressed in the healthy liver. We aimed to assess the hepatic expression of FGF19 in neonatal cholestasis (NC) and its relation to serum bile acids. Methods: The study included 41 patients with NC. FGF19 immunohistochemical staining in liver tissue (hepatocytes, endothelial cells, bile ducts, and bile canaliculi) was evaluated as negative, weak, moderate, and strong staining. FGF19 staining in 6 liver samples from explants of children with Crigler-Najjar syndrome type-1 served as controls. Results: Hepatocyte, endothelial, and canalicular FGF19 expression was significantly higher in cholestasis group compared to controls ( P = .039, .006, and .028 respectively). Serum bile acids had significant correlation with hepatocyte FGF19, endothelial, and bile duct FGF19 expressions ( P = .002, .003, and .01, respectively) but not with canalicular FGF19 expression. Hepatocyte FGF19 expression significantly associated with cholestasis severity in terms of serum total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, and aspartate transaminase levels ( P = .01, .02, and .02, respectively). Conclusion: Hepatic FGF19 expression significantly upregulated in NC and correlated with cholestasis severity.