bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L'incidence des politiques du marché du travail et de la fiscalité sur l'emploi indépendant: nouvel éclairage à partir de données européennes
Authors: ÉGERT Balázs , MOUROUGANE Annabelle 
Published: May 2024

RésuméLes auteurs utilisent des régressions de données de panel sur la période 1995‐2022 pour identifier les principales politiques économiques qui influent sur le travail indépendant dans les pays européens de l'OCDE. Ils mettent en évidence des effets hétérogènes selon que les travailleurs indépendants exercent à leur compte ou emploient des salariés, et en fonction du sexe, de l’âge et du niveau de compétences. Le salaire minimum et la législation sur la protection de l'emploi sont fortement associés à la part à long terme des travailleurs à leur compte, tandis que la part des indépendants employeurs est sensible à l’évolution du coin fiscal et de l'indemnisation du chômage. La désindustrialisation est corrélée positivement à l'emploi indépendant, lequel présente également des propriétés cycliques.
Prevalence of risk factors for venous thromboembolism and aspirin resistance in Australian patients undergoing total hip and knee arthroplasty
Authors: van Oosterom Nameer , Barras Michael , Cottrell Neil 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionAspirin is used for venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis after total hip and knee arthroplasty (THA/TKA). However, its efficacy is unclear in patients with multiple VTE risk factors and at risk of aspirin resistance (AR).Background and AimsTo determine the prevalence of risk factors for VTE and AR in patients after THA/TKA and to determine the relationship between risk factors and drugs prescribed for thromboprophylaxis.MethodsA retrospective cohort study of elective‐THA/TKA in six Australian hospitals over a 1‐year period. Medical records were manually reviewed to determine demographics, thromboprophylaxis regimen and presence of risk factors. The relationship between individual and cumulative risk factors with the thromboprophylaxis regimen was determined.ResultsIn total, 1011 patients were included with a mean (SD) age of 65.9 (±11.0) years, and 56.4% were female. The five most prevalent risk factors were obesity (59.1%), age ≥65 years (58.2%), hypertension (45.3%), dyslipidaemia (35.9%) and diabetes (19.7%). Most patients had ≥1 risk factor for VTE (93.6%) and AR (93.6%), with 49.0% and 35.0% having ≥3 concurrent VTE and AR risk factors, respectively. The only significant relationship between risk factors and drugs was diabetes (P < 0.01). Rivaroxaban was more commonly used as the number of concurrent VTE risk factors increased (P < 0.05).ConclusionPatients had a high prevalence of VTE and AR risk factors, suggesting aspirin may not be beneficial in many patients. Only diabetes was linked to the selection of thromboprophylaxis. Patients who received rivaroxaban had a greater average number of VTE risk factors. Guidelines should promote individualised prescribing in higher‐risk patients.
The American Academy of Dermatology's “Good Skin Knowledge” program enhances children and adolescents' confidence regarding dermatologic knowledge
Authors: O'Connell Katie A. , Ramos Vanessa , Giefer Josie , Martinez Abigail , van den Bogert Katherine , Boiko Susan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe American Academy of Dermatology (AAD) has resources meant to be used by children. Herein, we discuss the Good Skin Knowledge (GSK) curriculum, which was created to educate youth aged 8–13 about common dermatologic conditions to promote healthy skin habits, build self‐confidence, and encourage careers in science and medicine. To assess participants' confidence regarding understanding and retention of GSK materials, the authors developed a pre‐ and post‐training survey consisting of 10 questions. Results of our survey demonstrate a significant improvement in participants confidence regarding knowledge of skin function and care with at least two thirds of youth surveyed indicating understanding across all areas, with the largest gains centered around knowledge of the three skin layers, knowing what a dermatologist does, and appreciating the causes of acne.
The wheat tan spot pathosystem in Australia: A showcase of effector‐assisted breeding
Authors: See Pao Theen , Oliver Richard P. , Moffat Caroline S. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTan spot disease of wheat (also known as yellow spot) is caused by the necrotrophic fungal pathogen Pyrenophora tritici‐repentis (Ptr). Initially described as a grass pathogen, Ptr has become a wheat pathogen of global importance. In Australia, tan spot was first recorded in 1952 as a minor wheat disease. However, by the 1970s tan spot had reached epidemic levels in Australia with yield losses of up to 49% reported in the north‐eastern region. A national survey carried out in 2007/2008 placed tan spot as the most economically important wheat disease with an estimated yield loss of 6%, corresponding to nearly a quarter of all disease losses. The incidence of tan spot in Australia has now markedly reduced with some wheat breeding programmes no longer considering tan spot disease resistance to be a priority trait. The disease can be effectively managed with integrated control strategies such as crop rotation, timely application of fungicides and removal of surface stubble. However, the key to the success of controlling tan spot disease in Australia has been achieved through wheat breeding programmes. The development of tan spot resistance resources suitable for the Australian climate was a concerted effort between national and international research organizations and Australian wheat breeders, supported by the Australian Grains Research Development Corporation (GRDC). While traditional breeding was essential to combat the disease, this article highlights the value of effector biology in assisting the development of resistant cultivars.
Double debiased transfer learning for adaptive Huber regression
Authors: Wang Ziyuan , Wang Lei , Lian Heng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThrough exploiting information from the source data to improve the fit performance on the target data, transfer learning estimations for high‐dimensional linear regression models have drawn much attention recently, but few studies focus on statistical inference and robust learning in the presence of heavy‐tailed/asymmetric errors. Using adaptive Huber regression (AHR) to achieve the bias and robustness tradeoff, in this paper we propose a robust transfer learning algorithm with high‐dimensional covariates, then construct valid confidence intervals and hypothesis tests based on the debiased lasso approach. When the transferable sources are known, a two‐step ‐penalized transfer AHR estimator is firstly proposed and the error bounds are established. To correct the biases caused by the lasso penalty, a unified debiasing framework based on the decorrelated score equations is considered to establish asymptotic normality of the debiased lasso transfer AHR estimator. Confidence intervals and hypothesis tests for each component can be constructed. When the transferable sources are unknown, a data‐driven source detection algorithm is proposed with theoretical guarantee. Numerical studies verify the performance of our proposed estimator and confidence intervals, and an application to Genotype‐Tissue Expression data is also presented.
Did mid‐Ediacaran regional sea‐level drawdown trigger extensive allochthonous salt breakout and the incision of kilometre‐deep palaeocanyons, Flinders Ranges, South Australia?
Authors: Giles Sarah M. , Giles Katherine A. , Rowan Mark G. , Maza Kiri , Christie‐Blick Nicholas , Lankford‐Bravo David F. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe Ediacaran Period is of interest for the emergence of multicellular life, one or more glaciations, and the occurrence of the largest δ13C excursion in Earth history (the Shuram). The Ediacaran stratigraphic succession in the Flinders Ranges of South Australia is distinctive also for well‐exposed outcrop examples of palaeocanyons and salt diapirs. We present data placing a level of salt‐sheet breakout during deposition of the Wonoka Formation, within the time span of the Shuram, and at a datum indistinguishable from the canyon incision level. We hypothesize that canyon incision and salt breakout were triggered by subaerial erosion and non‐deposition associated with sea‐level drawdown in a temporarily isolated embayment. This mechanism provides support for the idea that the palaeocanyons were fluvially incised, and imposes a new constraint on the palaeoenvironmental setting of Australia at the time of the Shuram and the Ediacara fauna.
Higher Morita–Tachikawa correspondence
Authors: Cruz Tiago 
Published: May 2024

AbstractImportant correspondences in representation theory can be regarded as restrictions of the Morita–Tachikawa correspondence. Moreover, this correspondence motivates the study of many classes of algebras like Morita algebras and gendo‐symmetric algebras. Explicitly, the Morita–Tachikawa correspondence describes that endomorphism algebras of generators–cogenerators over finite‐dimensional algebras are exactly the finite‐dimensional algebras with dominant dimension at least two. In this paper, we introduce the concepts of quasi‐generators and quasi‐cogenerators that generalise generators and cogenerators, respectively. Using these new concepts, we present higher versions of the Morita–Tachikawa correspondence that take into account relative dominant dimension with respect to a self‐orthogonal module with arbitrary projective and injective dimensions. These new versions also hold over Noetherian algebras that are finitely generated and projective over a commutative Noetherian ring.
P3N-PIPO
but not
P3
is the avirulence determinant in melon carrying the
Wmr
resistance against watermelon mosaic virus, although they contain a common genetic determinant
Authors: Sun Zhen , Wu Yu-Xuan , Liu Ling-Zhi , Tian Yan-Ping , Li Xiang-Dong , Geng Chao 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Viruses employ a series of diverse translational strategies to expand their coding capacity, which produces viral proteins with common domains and entangles virus-host interactions. P3N-PIPO, which is a transcriptional slippage product from the
P3
cistron, is a potyviral protein dedicated to intercellular movement. Here, we show that P3N-PIPO from watermelon mosaic virus (WMV) triggers cell death when transiently expressed in
Cucumis melo
accession
PI 414723
carrying the
Wmr
resistance gene. Surprisingly, expression of the P3N domain, shared by both P3N-PIPO and P3, can alone induce cell death, whereas expression of P3 fails to activate cell death in PI 414723. Confocal microscopy analysis revealed that P3N-PIPO targets plasmodesmata (PD) and P3N associates with PD, while P3 localizes in endoplasmic reticulum in melon cells. We also found that mutations in residues L35, L38, P41, and I43 of the P3N domain individually disrupt the cell death induced by P3N-PIPO, but do not affect the PD localization of P3N-PIPO. Furthermore, WMV mutants with L35A or I43A can systemically infect PI 414723 plants. These key residues guide us to discover some WMV isolates potentially breaking the
Wmr
resistance. Through searching the NCBI database, we discovered some WMV isolates with variations in these key sites, and one naturally occurring I43V variation enables WMV to systemically infect PI 414723 plants. Taken together, these results demonstrate that P3N-PIPO, but not P3, is the avirulence determinant recognized by Wmr, although the shared N terminal P3N domain can alone trigger cell death.

IMPORTANCE
This work reveals a novel viral avirulence (Avr) gene recognized by a resistance (R) gene. This novel viral Avr gene is special because it is a transcriptional slippage product from another virus gene, which means that their encoding proteins share the common N-terminal domain but have distinct C-terminal domains. Amazingly, we found that it is the common N-terminal domain that determines the Avr-R recognition, but only one of the viral proteins can be recognized by the R protein to induce cell death. Next, we found that these two viral proteins target different subcellular compartments. In addition, we discovered some virus isolates with variations in the common N-terminal domain and one naturally occurring variation that enables the virus to overcome the resistance. These results show how viral proteins with common domains interact with a host resistance protein and provide new evidence for the arms race between plants and viruses.
What’s on a prophage: analysis of
Salmonella
spp. prophages identifies a diverse range of cargo with multiple virulence- and metabolism-associated functions
Authors: Yates Caroline R. , Nguyen Anthony , Liao Jingqiu , Cheng Rachel A. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

The gain of mobile elements, such as prophages, can introduce cargo to the recipient bacterium that could facilitate its persistence in or expansion to a new environment, such as a host. While previous studies have focused on identifying and characterizing the genetic diversity of prophages, analyses characterizing the cargo that prophages carry have not been extensively explored. We characterized prophage regions from 303
Salmonella
spp. genomes (representing 254 unique serovars) to assess the distribution of prophages in diverse
Salmonella
. On average, prophages accounted for 3.7% (0.1%–8.8%) of the total genomic content of each isolate. Prophage regions annotated as Gifsy 1 and Salmon Fels 1 were the most commonly identified intact prophages, suggesting that they are common throughout the
Salmonella
genus. Among 21,687 total coding sequences (CDSs) from intact prophage regions in subsp.
enterica
genomes, 7.5% (median; range: 1.1%–47.6%) were categorized as having a function not related to prophage integration or phage structure, some of which could potentially provide a functional attribute to the host
Salmonella
cell. These predicted functions could be broadly categorized into CDSs involved in: (i) modification of cell surface structures (i.e., glycosyltransferases); (ii) modulation of host responses (e.g., SodC/SodA, SopE, ArtAB, and typhoid toxin); (iii) conferring resistance to heavy metals and antimicrobials; (iv) metabolism of carbohydrates, amino acids, and nucleotides; and (v) DNA replication, repair, and regulation. Overall, our systematic analysis of prophage cargo highlights a broader role for prophage cargo in influencing the metabolic, virulence, and resistance characteristics of
Salmonella
.

IMPORTANCE

Lysogenic bacteriophages (phages) can integrate their genome into a bacterial host's genome, potentially introducing genetic elements that can affect the fitness of the host bacterium. The functions of prophage-encoded genes are important to understand as these genes could be mobilized and transferred to a new host. Using a large genomic dataset representing >300 isolates from all known subspecies and species of
Salmonella
, our study contributes important new findings on the distribution of prophages and the types of cargo that diverse
Salmonella
prophages carry. We identified a number of coding sequences (CDSs) annotated as having cell surface-modifying attributes, suggesting that prophages may have played an important role in shaping
Salmonella
's diverse surface antigen repertoire. Furthermore, our characterization of prophages suggests that they play a broader role in facilitating the acquisition and transfer of CDSs associated with metabolism, DNA replication and repair, virulence factors, and to a lesser extent, antimicrobial resistance.
At-home bodyweight interval exercise in the fed versus fasted state lowers postprandial glycemia and appetite perceptions in females
Authors: Govette Alexa , Gillen Jenna B. 
Published: May 2024

Limited research has characterized the metabolic health benefits of bodyweight interval exercise (BWE) performed outside of a laboratory setting. Metabolic responses to exercise can also be influenced by meal timing around exercise, but the interactive effects of BWE and nutrition are unknown. This study investigated the effects of BWE performed in the fasted or fed state on postprandial glycemia, post-exercise fat oxidation and appetite perceptions. Twelve females (23 ± 2 years; 22 ± 2 kg/m2) underwent two virtually-monitored trials that involved completing BWE (10 × 1 min, 1 min recovery) 5 min before (FastEX) or beginning BWE 10 min after (FedEX) a standardized breakfast. Heart rate and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were measured during exercise and capillary glucose concentrations were measured for 2 h postprandial. Following exercise, appetite perceptions were assessed and Lumen expired carbon dioxide percentage (L%CO2) was measured as an index of fat oxidation. Heart rate (85 ± 5%) and RPE (14 ± 2) did not differ between conditions ( p > 0.05). Postprandial glucose mean (6.1 ± 0.6 vs. 6.8 ± 0.8 mmol/L, p = 0.03), peak (7.4 ± 1.2 vs. 8.5 ± 1.5 mmol/L, p = 0.01), and area under the curve (AUC) (758 ± 72 vs. 973 ± 82 mmol/L × 2 h, p = 0.004) were lower in FedEX versus FastEX. Appetite perceptions were lower in FedEX versus FastEX (−87.63 ± 58.51 vs. −42.06 ± 34.96 mm, p = 0.029). Post-exercise L%CO2was transiently decreased 30 min post-exercise in both conditions (4.03 ± 0.38 vs. 4.29 ± 0.34%, p = 0.0023), reflective of increased fat oxidation following BWE. These findings demonstrate that BWE performed in the fed compared to the fasted state lowered postprandial glycemia and appetite perceptions in females.
In Situ Investigation of Lattice Oxygen Loss from Preferentially Faceted Electrodeposited LiCoO2 via Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy
Authors: Mishra Abhiroop , Lin Jr-Wen , Zahiri Beniamin , Braun Paul V. , Rodríguez-López Joaquín 
Published: May 2024

Lattice oxygen loss from transition metal oxide cathodes in Li-ion batteries (LiBs) is a key factor responsible in their gradual capacity decline over time. Understanding and mitigating this phenomenon is crucial for the development of next-generation LiBs. The effect of various parameters on lattice oxygen loss, such as cathode chemical composition, has been studied extensively. However, there is a lack of experimental investigation into the lattice oxygen stability across different crystallographic facets within the same cathode composition. Here, we employed in situ scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) to investigate oxygen evolution from preferentially faceted, electrodeposited LiCoO2 cathodes. Samples predominantly exposing the (003) basal planes and the (101), (102), (110) fast Li-ion diffusing facets exhibited oxygen evolution at potentials exceeding 3.5 V vs Li+/Li. Finite element simulations helped quantify the flux of oxygen evolution on the first charge cycle to 33 ± 5 pmol cm−2s−1 for the basal plane and 37 ± 9 pmol cm−2s−1 for the faceted samples at potentials above 4 V based on single spot measurements. However, spatially resolved measurements showed that faceted samples exhibited significant heterogeneity in their oxygen evolution, reaching twofold values compared to the basal plane samples at potentials beyond 4.5 V.
Targeting Super-Enhancer–Driven Transcriptional Dependencies Suppresses Aberrant Hedgehog Pathway Activation and Overcomes Smoothened Inhibitor Resistance
Authors: Sui Yi , Wang Teng , Mei Yanqing , Zhu Ying , Jiang Wenyan , Shen Jiayi , Yan Siyuan , Lu Wenjie , Zhao Kewen , Mo Jialin , Wang Chaochen , Tang Yujie 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Aberrant activation of the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway plays important roles in oncogenesis and therapeutic resistance in several types of cancer. The clinical application of FDA-approved Hh-targeted smoothened inhibitors (SMOi) is hindered by the emergence of primary or acquired drug resistance. Epigenetic and transcriptional-targeted therapies represent a promising direction for developing improved anti-Hh therapies. In this study, we integrated epigenetic/transcriptional-targeted small-molecule library screening with CRISPR/Cas9 knockout library screening and identified CDK9 and CDK12, two transcription elongation regulators, as therapeutic targets for antagonizing aberrant Hh activation and overcoming SMOi resistance. Inhibition of CDK9 or CDK12 potently suppressed Hh signaling and tumor growth in various SMOi responsive or resistant Hh-driven tumor models. Systemic epigenomic profiling elucidated the Hh-driven super-enhancer (SE) landscape and identified IRS1, encoding a critical component and cytoplasmic adaptor protein of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) pathway, as an oncogenic Hh-driven SE target gene and effective therapeutic target in Hh-driven tumor models. Collectively, this study identifies SE-driven transcriptional dependencies that represent promising therapeutic vulnerabilities for suppressing the Hh pathway and overcoming SMOi resistance. As CDK9 and IRS inhibitors have already entered human clinical trials for cancer treatment, these findings provide comprehensive preclinical support for developing trials for Hh-driven cancers.
Significance: Dissecting transcriptional dependencies driven by super-enhancers uncovers therapeutic targets in Hedgehog-driven cancers and identifies strategies for overcoming resistance to smoothened inhibitors.
Carolina Maria de Jesus vive em nós: Reflexos e reflexões dos 10 anos de cotas da Unilab, Ceará
Authors: Silva Ana Maria Eugenia da , Silva Geyse Anne Souza da , Moreira Dayane da Silva 
Published: May 2024

O trabalho traz contribuições e reflexões acerca dos dez anos de cotas e seus múltiplos desdobramentos na Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira. Tais diálogos ocorrem a partir das produções (filme, poesias, artigos e roda de conversa) das autoras influenciadas por Carolina Maria de Jesus e seu modo de utilizar a escrita como forma de denunciar as diversas fomes a qual foi submetida. Os debates sobre a importância das cotas, desdobramentos, desafios e perspectivas no ensino superior são pautas latentes no dia a dia dos estudantes unilabianos, em particular, no cotidiano das autoras que atuam em diversas frentes como: Movimento Negro, Movimento Quilombola e nos grupos de estudo e pesquisas ao qual estão inseridas. Assim, nós, Carolinas, também utilizamos as nossas escritas-denúncias como forma de luta e resistência para enfrentar e combater as desigualdades, alimentadas pelo modo operante do epistemicídio em nossas vidas.
Perceptual Adaptation to Noise-Vocoded Speech by Lip-Read Information: No Difference between Dyslexic and Typical Readers
Authors: Pourhashemi Faezeh , Baart Martijn , Vroomen Jean 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Auditory speech can be difficult to understand but seeing the articulatory movements of a speaker can drastically improve spoken-word recognition and, on the longer-term, it helps listeners to adapt to acoustically distorted speech. Given that individuals with developmental dyslexia (DD) have sometimes been reported to rely less on lip-read speech than typical readers, we examined lip-read-driven adaptation to distorted speech in a group of adults with DD () and a comparison group of typical readers (). Participants were presented with acoustically distorted Dutch words (six-channel noise-vocoded speech, NVS) in audiovisual training blocks (where the speaker could be seen) interspersed with audio-only test blocks. Results showed that words were more accurately recognized if the speaker could be seen (a lip-read advantage), and that performance steadily improved across subsequent auditory-only test blocks (adaptation). There were no group differences, suggesting that perceptual adaptation to disrupted spoken words is comparable for dyslexic and typical readers. These data open up a research avenue to investigate the degree to which lip-read-driven speech adaptation generalizes across different types of auditory degradation, and across dyslexic readers with decoding versus comprehension difficulties.