bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Animal models of hormonal contraceptives: Understanding drug‐specific and user‐specific variables
Authors: Lacasse Jesse M. , Ismail Nafissa , Porcu Patrizia , Raval Ami P. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis manuscript reviews findings from the symposium “Hormonal Contraceptives and the Brain: A Focus on Rodent Models,” presented at the 2024 meeting for Steroids and the Nervous System in Turin, Italy. Hormonal contraceptives (HCs) are widely used by over 300 million women globally, yet their neurobiological and behavioral impacts have only recently gained extensive research attention. This review emphasizes the importance of animal models in studying these effects due to the practical and ethical limitations of human studies. By distinguishing drug‐specific variables (e.g., dosage, chemical composition, routes of administration) from user‐specific variables (lifestyle factors, genetic predispositions), researchers can better understand HC‐related outcomes. Here, we emphasize the utility of animal models for uncovering putative mechanisms underlying the effects of HCs observed in human studies. Moreover, the authors reflect on the design of the animal models of HC used in their experiments, past and present. We also discuss current research related to user‐specific variables which highlight the vulnerability of adolescents to the adverse effects of HCs, exposure to stressors, and the compounded risks of HC when combined with substances like cannabinoids and nicotine. This review underscores the value of animal models in advancing our understanding of the broader neurobiological and behavioral impacts of HCs in humans. These studies are crucial for developing personalized medicine approaches and optimizing contraceptive regimens to mitigate risks.
Synergistic Anti‐Aging Effects of Adipose‐Derived Stem Cell Extracellular Vesicles Loaded With Natural Compounds
Authors: Vo Nhan , Vu Diem My , Tran Nam H. B. , Nguyen Diem D. N. , Phung Phuc M. , Nguyen Hoai‐Nghia , Tu Lan N. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundSmall extracellular vesicles from adipose‐derived stem cells (ASC‐sEVs) are gaining attentions rapidly for inherent therapeutic values in skin care and cosmetics. However, the optimal combinations of ASC‐sEVs and certain natural compounds for synergistic anti‐aging effects have not been systematically studied.MethodsHuman ASC‐sEVs were purified from culture supernatant of ASCs and multi‐omics datasets of miRNAs, proteins and lipids of ASC‐sEVs were analyzed for pathways regulating skin homeostasis. ASC‐sEVs were then loaded with nicotinamide riboside (NR), resveratrol (RES), vitamin C (VITC), retinol (RET) and arbutin (ARB) at different concentrations by the sonication‐incubation method. Their anti‐oxidant, anti‐wrinkle and anti‐melanogenic effects were tested in vitro using the human keratinocyte HaCaT cells exposed to UVB radiation and human melanocyte B16F10 cells.ResultsMulti‐omics data analysis of ASC‐sEVs identified key bioactive molecules regulating collagen formation, pigmentation, oxidative stress and inflammation. In the in vitro screenings for anti‐aging effects, the compound‐loaded ASC‐sEVs outperformed the sEV‐ and compound‐only treatments. Specifically in UVB‐exposed HaCaT cells, 2 μg/mL sEVs loaded with 20 μg/mL NR, 2 μg/mL RES, 5 μg/mL VITC reduced reactive oxygen species level by 22.0%; while combination of sEVs and 2 μg/mL RES, 2.8 μg/mL RET significantly reduced MMP3 and upregulated PLOD1 expressions. B16F10 cells incubated with 2 μg/mL sEVs loaded with 2 μg/mL RES, 0.5 mM ARB had intracellular and extracellular melanin content lowered by 21.4% and 22.4% respectively. All the combinations caused no cytotoxicity.ConclusionOur study demonstrated the superiority of ASC‐sEVs to deliver both endogenous biocargos and exogenous compounds to achieve synergistic skin anti‐aging effects.
A Novel Technique for Eye Rejuvenation: A Case Series of the Combined Use of CO2 Laser Blepharoplasty and Erbium: YAG Resurfacing and A Novel Artificial Intelligence Model to Quantify Laser Results
Authors: Kesty Chelsea E. , Kesty Katarina R. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundConsumers are searching for a solution to rejuvenate the eye area. Surgical blepharoplasties are a common solution, but they lack improvement in skin quality.AimsTo present a novel procedure of a laser upper blepharoplasty in combination with erbium laser resurfacing of the lower eyelid for optimal rejuvenation and minimal complications.MethodsThe authors present a laser upper blepharoplasty with the CO2 laser performed at the same time as lower eyelid resurfacing using an erbium laser. The authors used an artificial intelligence large language model to assess the patient before and after photographs to quantify cosmetic improvement.ResultsAfter this novel procedure, patients demonstrated significant improvements in upper eyelid contour, reduced skin laxity, and smoother lower eyelid texture. Patient satisfaction was high, with each patient reporting an overall rejuvenated appearance and a more “awake” and youthful look. The artificial intelligence algorithm showed cosmetic improvement in line with the clinical evaluations by the patient and physician.ConclusionsThe combination of CO2 laser blepharoplasty and Er:YAG laser resurfacing addresses both upper eyelid dermatochalasis and lower eyelid wrinkles effectively while minimizing recovery time and the potential for complications. Artificial intelligence models were used to enhance this study and corroborate evaluator cosmetic improvement.
Pigmented Skin Disorders in High‐Altitude: Cross‐Sectional Epidemiological Analysis in the General Population of Lhasa, China
Authors: Xu Mingming , Zhen Zha , Chen Ying , Zhang Shuo , Li Jing , Li Nan , Li Ruiyu , Quzong Suolang , Huang Liming , Zhang Wei 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundPrevious studies showed the prevalence of melasma, plateau facial telangiectasia, and vitiligo varied in different regions but were absent in high‐altitude areas.AimsTo investigate the prevalence of three common pigmented skin disorders (melasma, plateau facial telangiectasia, and vitiligo) among the general population in Lhasa, aiming to provide a scientific basis for their prevention and management in high‐altitude areas.MethodsFrom May 2021 to October 2021, multistage stratified cluster random sampling was conducted in Lhasa to carry out a questionnaire and a second on‐site physical examination, and the results were statistically analyzed.ResultsThe study included 4988 participants, revealing a prevalence of 14.94% for melasma, 17.14% for plateau facial telangiectasia, and 0.38% for vitiligo. Notably, the prevalence of melasma and plateau facial telangiectasia were significantly higher among women, particularly those aged 31–50 years, compared to men. Urban residents also showed a higher prevalence than their rural counterparts.ConclusionsOur study concludes that the prevalence of the three pigmented skin disorders in Lhasa is notably higher than in lower‐altitude areas, with UV radiation being a significant risk factor. Our findings underscore the need for enhanced public health interventions, including screening, education, and prevention efforts, to mitigate the impact of these skin disorders in high‐altitude regions. Our research contributes valuable insights toward the understanding and management of pigmented skin disorders in such unique environments. It may also provide an easy‐to‐use epidemiological survey method for socioeconomically underdeveloped areas.
Gut microbiota and potential serum metabolites biomarkers of pregnant woman for preeclampsia
Authors: Meng Qingju , Gong Jingjin , Wu Junwei , Chen Fang , Li Yanqiu 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundThe pathogenesis of preeclampsia (PE) remains unclear, but the interaction between intestinal flora and PE has been attention in recent studies. Several studies have shown that imbalanced intestinal flora plays an important role in the inducement of PE.PurposeThe potential correlation among intestinal flora, metabolites, and fetal growth restriction was explored by integrating data and analyzing neonatal growth. The study is hoped to provide references for subsequent studies.MethodsA comparison between the intestinal flora of healthy pregnant women and pregnant with PE was conducted using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Subsequently, the feces, serum and umbilical cord blood collected from healthy pregnant women and those with PE were analyzed using global untargeted metabolomics to identify differences in metabolites.ResultsThe results showed that Bifidobacterium, Chryseobacterium, Eubacterium, Pravotella and Bacteroides are the core species associated with many metabolites. Normal‐birth weight had a negative correlation with the abundance of raclopride, Phe‐Gly‐O and Lys‐Phe‐OH showed a positive correlation with Phosphonate and Lys‐Gly. Simultaneously, these core metabolites showed a strong correlation with other growth indices (BPD, AC, FL). In summary, the imbalance of intestinal flora in pregnant women may alter the abundance of the core metabolites, thereby affecting the neonatal growth.ConclusionsA global untargeted metabolomics was performed on the samples including feces, serum, and umbilical cord blood. The integrated multi‐omics analysis revealed the interaction among intestinal flora, metabolites and the clinical indices, demonstrating the potential effects of the imbalance of intestinal flora on neonatal growth in the pregnant women with PE.
Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma mimicking mucinous ovarian cancer: A case report
Authors: Güler Çekiç Sebile , Atay Ömer Faruk , Ülker Volkan , Akbayir Özgür 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPelvic masses can represent various etiologies, including gynecologic and non‐gynecologic conditions. As discussed in this paper, among all pathologies, intraabdominal dissemination of an extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma (ESMC) presenting as a pelvic mass is a rare condition. The case is a 58‐year‐old woman with a history of soft tissue sarcoma who presented to the gynecologic oncology department with a pelvic mass and was operated on with the suspicion of mucinous ovarian cancer. She underwent complete cytoreductive surgery, and her final pathology was reported as ESMC. Due to several numbers of metastases shown in positron emission tomography‐computed tomography, she had chemotherapy and then operated on for tumorectomy from the right leg. ESMC is a rare, aggressive soft tissue neoplasm that rarely has metastasis to the abdomen. This unique case presents a late recurrence of the disease to the pelvis, which can mimic mucinous ovarian cancer.
The impact of oral postbiotics on the restoration of pelvic floor muscle function
Authors: Xu Yuan , Yang Yawei , Chen Ruxin , Li Can , Li Mingdian , Yuan Qingxi , Gao He 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAimTo elucidate the efficacy and underlying mechanisms of postbiotics in ameliorating stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in a rat model.MethodsSUI model was established via pelvic floor injury and bilateral ovariectomy to simulate postmenopausal conditions. Following successful model induction, subjects were randomly allocated into control, model, positive drug, and experimental groups. The positive drug group received midodrine hydrochloride (20 mg/kg), while the experimental group received postbiotics (75 mg/kg) daily for 28 days. Urodynamic and abdominal leak point pressure tests were conducted on days 7, 14, 21, and 28. After 28 days, histopathology and western blot analysis for collagen I (Col I), collagen III (Col III), and elastin, as well as quantitative polymerase chain reaction for gene expression, were performed.ResultsThe model group showed abnormal urodynamic waveforms and lower maximum abdominal leak point pressure compared to controls. Histopathology revealed muscle fiber disarray, fiber rupture, and decreased muscle thickness. Both mRNA and protein levels of Col I, Col III, and Elastin were reduced. Midodrine improved urodynamic parameters and pathology, increasing Col I, Col III, and Elastin levels. Postbiotics also improved urodynamic parameters and pathology, with increased protein levels of Col I, Col III, and Elastin, and upregulated mRNA levels of Col I, Col III, Elastin, and transforming growth factor β1.ConclusionPostbiotics demonstrate therapeutic potential in alleviating SUI in rats by upregulating the expression of Col I, Col III, Elastin, and transforming growth factor β1 genes, enhancing collagen and elastin protein content in sphincter and pubococcygeus muscles, and consequently restoring muscle contractility and function.
Understanding older consumers' new product‐related information behaviors—A life‐span theory perspective
Authors: Hettich Dominik , Bornemann Torsten , Hattula Stefan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractFor firms facing an aging society, substantial adoption gaps that often exist for new product alternatives between older and younger consumers pose a significant challenge. To examine the root cause of this phenomenon, our research draws on life‐span theory and is based empirically on a set of studies involving 2050 participants in both field and controlled settings. As a first contribution, we show that, in contrast to growth‐oriented younger consumers, older consumers exhibit lower levels of novelty seeking because of their relatively higher prioritization of maintenance goals. This predisposition leads older consumers to perceive the inconvenience induced by the possible behavior change associated with purchasing new (vs. established) products in a given category as more salient than potential benefit gains. In comparison, younger consumers perceive benefit gains to be more salient. For established product alternatives with familiar benefits, there is no such clear age‐related difference. As a second contribution, we propose easy‐to‐implement adaptations of the communication strategy to address this issue, and we examine the effectiveness of these adaptations in a field study at the point‐of‐purchase. Specifically, since prevention‐framed (vs. promotion‐framed) claims are more compatible with older consumers' maintenance orientation, they can increase the salience of benefit gains over behavior change for new product alternatives and foster older consumers' product‐related information behaviors and new product consideration. These results have important implications for researchers and managers as they refine the understanding of older consumers' acceptance of new products.
Tensioning diaphragmoplasty for treating bilateral phrenic nerve paralysis in a dog
Authors: Matsumoto S. , Hosoya K. , Kim S. , Okumura M. 
Published: February 2025

A spayed female Miniature dachshund presented with a large mediastinal mass. During thymectomy, the left phrenic nerve, which was encircled by the neoplastic tissue, was resected en bloc with the tumour and the right phrenic nerve was damaged by thermal coagulation from electrosurgery. Postoperatively, the dog exhibited significant respiratory distress and paradoxical respiratory movement. Bilateral diaphragmatic paralysis was confirmed on inspiratory radiographs, and lack of structural abnormalities on thoracic computed tomography was noted. The dog collapsed 5 days postoperatively from respiratory fatigue. Thus, salvage surgery and tensioning diaphragmoplasty were performed. Briefly, The diaphragm was partially resected, primarily closed and reinforced with a polypropylene mesh sutured on the abdominal surface. Thereafter, the dog's condition improved significantly. The dog did not present with respiratory issues until she died of urothelial carcinoma on day 375. In conclusion, this surgical technique can be considered to re‐establish the function of the diaphragm.
Effectiveness of current digital cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia interventions for adolescents with insomnia symptoms: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Cleary Melissa A. , Richardson Cele , Ross Ruby J. , Heussler Helen S. , Wilson Andrew , Downs Jenny , Walsh Jennifer 
Published: February 2025

SummarySleep problems occur in up to 20%–45% of adolescents. This systematic review and meta‐analysis examined the effectiveness of digital sleep interventions, based on cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia, for adolescents with insomnia symptoms. The objective was to synthesise and quantify, through meta‐analyses, changes in sleep following completion of a digital sleep‐based intervention. MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and Web of Science databases were searched from January 2012 to March 2024. Within‐subject studies or randomized–controlled trials reporting the effects of digital cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia were included. Risk of bias was assessed using the integrated quality criteria for the review of multiple study designs. Random‐effects meta‐analyses estimated pooled standardised within‐subject mean differences to assess effectiveness. Nine studies involving 486 adolescents were included. Digital cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia interventions were effective in reducing insomnia symptoms (Hedges’ g = 1.40), subjective sleep‐onset latency (Hedges’ g = 0.72) and waking after sleep onset (Hedges’ g = 0.47), and increasing subjective and objective total sleep time (Hedges’ g = −0.29 and −0.23, respectively). Other objective measures of sleep did not improve. All studies met the minimum ICROMS score and were considered to be of sufficient quality. Seven within‐subject studies failed to satisfy all mandatory criteria. These results suggest that digital cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia interventions are effective in improving adolescent's perceptions of their sleep, but are less effective at improving some objective measures of sleep. To achieve a clear understanding of how digital cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia interventions compare with other behavioural interventions, additional high‐quality randomized–controlled trials comparing digital cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia interventions with traditional in‐person modalities are needed. (PROSPERO;CRD42021287479).
Examining alterations in fGCM concentrations post‐defaecation across three animal feeding classes (ruminants, hindgut fermenters and carnivores)
Authors: Osburn K. R. , Crossey B. , Majelantle T. L. , Ganswindt A. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractQuantification of faecal glucocorticoid metabolites (fGCMs) is a popular non‐invasive technique for monitoring wildlife's response to stressors, demanding an understanding of the stability of fGCM concentrations post‐defaecation to ensure comparability of determined fGCM values across samples. To provide species‐specific recommendations for the duration within which sampling can take place, we measured the rate at which the fGCM concentrations of nine different species changed throughout a 7‐day period post‐defaecation. In this study, we explored the temporal dynamics of fGCM concentrations in nine species across three feeding classes (ruminants, hindgut fermenters and carnivores): impala (Aepyceros melampus), giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis), blue wildebeest (Connochaetes taurinus), plains zebra (Equus quagga), African elephant (Loxodonta africana), white rhino (Ceratotherium simum), cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus), spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta) and leopard (Panthera pardus). Utilizing enzyme immunoassays already established for each of the focal species, we identified broader feeding class‐specific patterns. All herbivores exhibited a significant decrease in fGCM concentrations over time, starting from 6 h (impala) to 48 h (giraffe, blue wildebeest, white rhino and African elephant) post‐defaecation. For carnivores, concentrations remained fairly comparable for 12–24 h, after which fGCM concentrations either decreased (spotted hyena), increased (leopard) or remained stable (cheetah), with notable variation in triplicate concentrations (cheetah and leopard). These findings offer insights into scheduling faecal sampling for endocrine monitoring, particularly from free‐roaming wildlife, to ensure comparability of determined hormone metabolite concentrations. Furthermore, the species‐specific variation in fGCM concentration post‐defaecation demonstrated in this study underlines the necessity to investigate every new species to ensure accurate and comparable results. Future studies ought to investigate how the mass of collected material, sex and drying methodologies affect the measurement of fGCMs post‐defaecation.
Acute Transient Aminotransferase Elevation is Common With Intrathecal Methotrexate, but Liver Injury is Infrequent
Authors: Gopalakrishna Harish , Hercun Julian , Shah Nirali N. , Roschewski Mark , Rotman Yaron 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsHepatotoxicity is a known risk of oral and intravenous methotrexate (MTX), but whether intrathecal (IT) administration causes hepatotoxicity remains unknown. We aimed to explore whether IT‐MTX causes acute hepatoxicity.MethodsRetrospective single‐centre analysis of all patients treated with IT‐MTX from 2000 to 2020. We compared liver enzymes (LE) at baseline (within 7 days before IT‐MTX) to post‐MTX (within 7 days after IT‐MTX). LE elevation was defined as ≥ 50% increase in LE from baseline and greater than upper limit of normal. Drug‐induced liver injury (DILI) was defined based on established criteria.ResultsA total of 270 patients (184 adults and 86 paediatric) received IT‐MTX and had available LE data. Aminotransferase elevation was seen post‐MTX in 107 (40%) patients, of whom 96 (36%) had ALT and 68 (25%) had AST elevation. DILI occurred in 16 (6%) patients. Aminotransferases peaked a median of 4 (3–5) days post‐MTX, returning near baseline by day 7. Paediatric patients had higher incidence of aminotransferase elevations and DILI than adults (ALT 51% vs. 28%; AST 41% vs. 18%; DILI 11% vs. 3%; p < 0.01 for all). No significant predictors of LE elevation or DILI were identified, and no patient developed liver failure. The severity of ALT elevation after the first IT‐MTX dose did not predict severity of a subsequent dose.ConclusionAcute transient aminotransferase elevation is common after IT‐MTX, especially in paediatric patients. Only a fraction of patients developed DILI, which was self‐limited with no sensitisation or liver failure.