bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive factors for cardiac events following concurrent chemotherapy and radiation with durvalumab consolidation for unresectable non-metastatic non-small cell lung cancer.
Authors: Patel Nikita Pankaj , Dressler Danielle , Zhu Mengou , Liu Yingzhe , Sun Zequn , Patel Jyoti D. 
Published: June 2024

12033 Background: The PACIFIC trial was a randomized phase 3 study which evaluated the use of Durvalumab as consolidation therapy after definitive chemoradiation for patients with unresectable non-metastatic NSCLC. There was a significant improvement in progression free survival and overall survival. It was established as a standard approach for management. Due to nonspecific activation of the immune system, immune related adverse events are commonly associated with ICIs. Immune related cardiotoxicity is less common however may present as arrhythmia, pericarditis, valvular disease, cardiomyopathy, and there is more recent data to suggest an acceleration of atherosclerotic plaque burden likely due to inflammation that can result from immune activation. In this population, there are usually several other risk factors for cardiac disease including age, history of tobacco use, exposure to cardiotoxic chemotherapy and chest radiation. The objective of this study is to quantify, characterize, and identify potential risk factors for cardiac events (CEs) that occur after exposure to concurrent chemotherapy and radiation followed by Durvalumab in patients with unresectable non-metastatic NSCLC. Methods: Patients who received concurrent chemotherapy and radiation followed by Durvalumab for treatment of NSCLC at a large academic medical center between January 1, 2017 and April 1, 2021 were retrospectively identified. Demographics, treatment history, cardiovascular comorbidities (pre-existing arrhythmia, coronary artery disease, diabetes mellitus, heart failure, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, cerebral vascular accident, peripheral artery disease, tobacco use) and CEs occurring within 5 years of treatment were collected by chart review. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify potential risk factors for cardiac events in this patient population. Results: Among 115 patients, 29 (25%) experienced CEs including 15 new/worsening arrhythmia, 11 new/worsening cardiomyopathy, and 9 new/worsening coronary artery disease. There were no cardiac deaths identified. The most common arrhythmia was atrial fibrillation. Pre-existing arrhythmia, dyslipidemia, and number of pack years showed significant association with cardiac events (p<0.05). Cumulative dose of radiation was found to be marginally significant on logistic regression analysis (p=0.07). Patients on a statin had a slightly lower odds of cardiac event (OR 0.03, p=0.02). Conclusions: Cardiac events following exposure to concurrent chemotherapy and Durvalumab may occur in up to 25% of patients with unresectable non-metastatic NSCLC. Further retrospective analysis of changes in coronary atherosclerotic plaque burden across PET-CT with ICI exposure and correlation with cardiac events is underway.
Efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced solid tumors with hepatitis B infection.
Authors: Niu Ruiqi , Du Yingying , Qian Hesheng , Pang Jingdan , Zeng Xinyan , Chen Sheng , Wang Jing , Wu Wentian , Shao Changchun 
Published: June 2024

12037 Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is related to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The breakthroughs of immunotherapy (IO) have dramatically changed treatment paradigms in malignancies based on considerable survival benefits. Advanced tumor patients are under risk of HBV reactivation after IO, and serum HBV DNA positive (HBV+) is regarded as the exclusion of clinical study. It is urgent to explore the impact of HBV infection on the efficacy and safety of IO. Methods: A retrospective review of advanced tumors patients with HBV infection who received IO was performed at the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University and Fuyang Cancer Hospital between January 1, 2019, and August 31, 2023. 563 patients were included, of which 346 were HCC patients. The long-term efficacy is overall survival (OS). CTCAE 5.0 was used to evaluate the hepatic adverse event. Results: In advanced tumor, patients who have had HBV+ had higher incidence of hepatic adverse events (hAE) ( P<0.001) and severe hepatic adverse events (hSAE) ( P=0.001) than HBV negative (HBV-). Among HBeAg positive(HBeAg+) hepatitis patients, there was no difference in hAE ( P=0.131) and hSAE ( P=0.431) between HBV+ and HBV- patients. However, in HBeAg negative (HBeAg-) patients, HBV+ patients have a significantly higher incidence of hAE ( P=0.003) and hSAE ( P=0.001) than HBV-. In HCC, there was no statistical difference in OS between HBV+ and HBV- patients (P=0.132), with 91.0% patients received antiviral treatment. HBV+ patients had more hAE ( P=0.023) and hSAE ( P=0.020). HBV+ HBeAg- patients had more hSAE than HBV- ( P=0.022). In HBeAg+ patients, there was no difference in OS ( P=0.755), hAE ( P=0.199) and hSAE ( P=0.426) between HBV+ and HBV-. In non-HCC, antiviral treatment brought more hAE ( P=0.025), which existed in HBeAg- ( P=0.029) and HBV- ( P=0.047). Thirty HCC patients converted HBV- to HBV+ during IO (mOS: 527d, 95% CI: 266.22-787.78), of which 2 patients had an ALT flare, of which 28 patients had hAE and 10 patients had hSAE. Conclusions: HBV+ patients have higher incidence of hAE and hSAE. In HCC, HBV+ patients are more likely to occur hAE and hSAE. HBV+ HCC patients had worse OS than who remained HBV- during ICIs. For non-HCC patients with antiviral treatment, there was no difference in OS or AEs and SAEs, regardless of infection status and HBV status. In HBeAg+ HCC patients, there was no statistical difference in OS, hAE, and hSAE regardless of HBV activity. Antiviral treatment was associated with a higher incidence of hAE and hSAE irrespective of tumor, infection status, and HBV DNA status. In advanced HCC, 18.9% of HBV- patients turned HBV+, which not only have worse OS and greater hepatic toxicity. Dynamic monitoring of HBV-related serological indicators and liver enzymes is needed for hepatitis B patientsduring IO, and HBV reactivation is a sign of poor clinical prognosis.
Neurofilament light chains: A biomarker for vincristine-related neuropathy.
Authors: McNally Gretchen A , Xu Menglin , Voorhees Timothy , Baiocchi Robert A. , Bond David Alan , Epperla Naren , Maddocks Kami J. , Sawhala Yazeed , Ramaswamy Bhuvaneswari , Lustberg Maryam B. 
Published: June 2024

12114 Background: Sensory vincristine-related neuropathy is a well-known toxicity of front-line lymphoma treatments, potentially negatively impacting both disease outcomes as well as the long-term quality of life of cancer survivors. Most aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphomas are curable with the multi-agent chemotherapy regimens CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) or infusional dose-adjusted EPOCH (etoposide, prednisone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, and doxorubicin). This pilot study aimed to characterize and describe chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) outcomes, utilizing patient and clinician-reported outcome measures and neurofilament light chains (NF-L). Nf-L, released in response to axonal damage, is emerging as a sensitive blood-based biomarker for CIPN. Studies in rats have demonstrated repeated vincristine exposure correlated with increased serum NF-L light chains and progressive damage. This has not previously been reported in humans. Methods: A single-center prospective study assessed CIPN toxicity in people with aggressive non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma treated with CHOP and EPOCH. Patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures included the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-Chemotherapy Induced Peripheral Neuropathy (EORTC QLQ-CIPN20) questionnaire. Items 19 and 20 were excluded. The clinician-reported outcome measure was the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI CTCAE v5.0). Outcomes were evaluated at three time points: (1) Baseline, (2) Immediately before cycle four, and (3) Immediately before cycle six. Blood samples were collected from participants and processed for plasma Nf-L chain analysis. Results: There were 26 participants at baseline (CHOP: n = 17, EPOCH: n = 9), 21 participants at time point 2 (CHOP: n = 17, EPOCH: n = 7), and 16 participants at time point 3 (CHOP: n = 10, EPOCH n = 6). The mean CIPN-18 scores increased at each time point and were not significantly different by chemotherapy type. Five of the 16 participants (31.3%) experienced CIPN ≥ grade 1 at time point 3. A significant relationship existed between the CIPN-18 and the CTCAE (r- 0.39, p =0.002) and between CIPN-18 and Nf-L levels (r= 0.42, p = 0.002). The mean Nf-L levels increased from the first time point (mean = 54.4 pg/mL, 16-187.9 pg/mL) to the second time point (mean = 108.7 pg/mL, 37-232.2 pg/mL) and remained significantly elevated at Time Point 3 (mean = 92pg/mL, 34-172.2 pg/mL). Conclusions: One-third of all participants were experiencing symptoms of CIPN by the third time point (cycle six of therapy), as measured by the CTCAE > 0 and the CIPN-18 > 20. Our study lays the groundwork for using Nf-L as a potential biomarker, in combination with PROs, to identify, recognize, and measure vincristine-induced neurotoxicity.
Muscle cofilin alters neuromuscular junction postsynaptic development to strengthen functional neurotransmission
Authors: Christophers Briana , Leahy Shannon N. , Soffar David B. , von Saucken Victoria E. , Broadie Kendal , Baylies Mary K. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
Cofilin, an actin-severing protein, plays key roles in muscle sarcomere addition and maintenance. Our previous work found that Drosophila cofilin (DmCFL) knockdown in muscle causes progressive deterioration of muscle structure and function and produces features seen in nemaline myopathy caused by cofilin mutations. We hypothesized that disruption of actin cytoskeleton dynamics by DmCFL knockdown would impact other aspects of muscle development, and, thus, conducted an RNA-sequencing analysis that unexpectedly revealed upregulated expression of numerous neuromuscular junction (NMJ) genes. We found that DmCFL is enriched in the muscle postsynaptic compartment and that DmCFL muscle knockdown causes F-actin disorganization in this subcellular domain prior to the sarcomere defects observed later in development. Despite NMJ gene expression changes, we found no significant changes in gross presynaptic Bruchpilot active zones or total postsynaptic glutamate receptor levels. However, DmCFL knockdown resulted in mislocalization of GluRIIA class glutamate receptors in more deteriorated muscles and strongly impaired NMJ transmission strength. These findings expand our understanding of the roles of cofilin in muscle to include NMJ structural development and suggest that NMJ defects may contribute to the pathophysiology of nemaline myopathy.
Establishment of a Transplantation Model of PDAC-Derived Liver Metastases
Authors: Ferrara Benedetta , Dugnani Erica , Citro Antonio , Schiavo Lena Marco , Marra Paolo , Camisa Paolo Riccardo , Policardi Martina , Canu Tamara , Esposito Antonio , Doglioni Claudio , Piemonti Lorenzo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
The highly metastatic nature of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and the difficulty to achieve favorable patient outcomes emphasize the need for novel therapeutic solutions. For preclinical evaluations, genetically engineered mouse models are often used to mimic human PDAC but frequently fail to replicate synchronous development and metastatic spread. This study aimed to develop a transplantation model to achieve synchronous and homogenous PDAC growth with controlled metastatic patterns in the liver.

Methods
To generate an orthotopic PDAC model, the DT6606 cell line was injected into the pancreas head of C57BL/6 mice, and their survival was monitored over time. To generate a heterotopic transplantation model, growing doses of three PDAC cell lines (DT6606, DT6606lm, and K8484) were injected into the portal vein of mice. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to monitor metastatic progression, and histologic analysis was performed.

Results
Orthotopically injected mice succumbed to the tumor within an 11-week period (average survival time, 78.2 ± 4.45 days). Post-mortem examinations failed to identify liver metastasis. In the intraportal model, 2 × 105 DT6606 cells resulted in an absence of liver metastases by day 21, whereas 5 × 104 DT6606lm cells and 7 × 104 K8484 cells resulted in steady metastatic growth. Higher doses caused significant metastatic liver involvement. The use of K8484 cells ensured the growth of tumors closely resembling the histopathologic characteristics of human PDAC.

Conclusions
This report details the authors’ efforts to establish an “optimal” murine model for inducing metastatic PDAC, which is critical for advancing our understanding of the disease and developing more effective treatments.
Prevalence of stunting and associated factors among under-five children in sub-Saharan Africa: Multilevel ordinal logistic regression analysis modeling
Authors: Seretew Wullo Sisay , Tesema Getayeneh Antehunegn , Yirsaw Bantie Getnet , Argaw Girum Shibeshi 
Published: June 2024

Introduction
Stunting is still a major public health problem all over the world, it affecting more than one-third of under-five children in the world that leads to growth retardation, life-threatening complication and accelerate mortality and morbidity. The evidence is scarce on prevalence and associated factors of stunting among under-five children in Sub-Saharan Africa for incorporated intervention. Therefore this study aimed to investigate the prevalence and determinants of stunting among under-five children in Sub-Saharan Africa using recent demographic and health surveys of each country.

Methods
This study was based on the most recent Demographic and Health Survey data of 36 sub-Saharan African countries. A total of 203,852(weighted sample) under-five children were included in the analysis. The multi-level ordinal logistic regression was fitted to identify determinants of stunting. Parallel line (proportional odds) assumption was cheeked by Brant test and it is satisfied (p-value = 0.68) which is greater than 0.05. Due to the nested nature of the dataset deviance was used model comparison rather than AIC and BIC. Finally the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% CI was reported identify statistical significant determinants of stunting among under-five children.

Results
In this study, the prevalence of stunting among under-five children in Sub-Saharan Africa 34.04% (95% CI: 33.83%, 34.24%) with a large difference between specific countries which ranges from 16.14% in Gabon to 56.17% in Burundi. In the multi-level ordinal logistic regression good maternal education, born from mothers aged above 35 years, high household wealth status, small family size, being female child, being female household head, having media exposure and having consecutive ANC visit were significantly associated with lower odds of stunting. Whereas, living from rural residence, being 24–59 month children age, single or divorced marital status, higher birth order and having diarrhea in the last two weeks were significantly associated with higher odds of stunting.

Conclusion
Stunting among under-five children is still public health problem in Sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore designing interventions to address diarrhea and other infectious disease, improving the literacy level of the area and increase the economic level of the family to reduce the prevalence of stunting in the study area.
Dietary supplementations to mitigate the cardiopulmonary effects of air pollution toxicity: A systematic review of clinical trials
Authors: Ilaghi Mehran , Kafi Fatemeh , Shafiei Mohadeseh , Zangiabadian Moein , Nasiri Mohammad Javad 
Published: June 2024

Background
There is a consistent association between exposure to air pollution and elevated rates of cardiopulmonary illnesses. As public health activities emphasize the paramount need to reduce exposure, it is crucial to examine strategies like the antioxidant diet that could potentially protect individuals who are unavoidably exposed.

Methods
A systematic search was performed in PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and ClinicalTrials.gov up to March 31, 2023, for clinical trials assessing dietary supplements against cardiovascular (blood pressure, heart rate, heart rate variability, brachial artery diameter, flow-mediated dilation, and lipid profile) or pulmonary outcomes (pulmonary function and airway inflammation) attributed to air pollution exposure.

Results
After reviewing 4681 records, 18 studies were included. There were contradictory findings on the effects of fish oil and olive oil supplementations on cardiovascular outcomes. Although with limited evidence, fish oil offered protection against pulmonary dysfunction induced by pollutants. Most studies on vitamin C did not find protective cardiovascular effects; however, the combination of vitamin C and E offered protective effects against pulmonary dysfunction but showed conflicting results for cardiovascular outcomes. Other supplements like sulforaphane, L-arginine, n-acetylcysteine, and B vitamins showed potential beneficial effects but need further research due to the limited number of existing trials.

Conclusions
Although more research is needed to determine the efficacy and optimal dose of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant dietary supplements against air pollution toxicity, this low-cost preventative strategy has the potential to offer protection against outcomes of air pollution exposure.
Antibiotic Resistance: Actions to accelerate global response
Authors: Muhunthan Hari 
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of increasing patterns of antibiotic resistance on the global response to combat the spread of antibiotic resistance. The focus will be on global contributors to antibiotic resistance, the emergence of antibiotic resistance globally, previous efforts to combat antibiotic resistance, bright spots of where it has worked, and their effectiveness. Data will be collected from 4 databases: PUBMED, JSTOR, Gale, and ProQuest. After reviewing the titles and abstracts of the papers selected, relevant articles were retrieved for full-text review.
Today, resistance patterns in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria are difficult to treat and are possibly untreatable with today’s antibiotics. The overall main factors are the current shortage of effective treatments, lack of prevention measures, and new antibiotics, which require the creation of new and original treatment options and alternative antimicrobial therapies (Frieri et al., 2017). Some minor contributors of antibiotic resistance include demographic factors, the poor quality of available antibiotics, misuse, the ease of obtaining antibiotics. Self-medication and lack of regulation on medical imports are major factors in more developed countries. Antibiotic resistance was already widespread by the 1950s, but it spiked in the 1990s and early 2000s.
Previous efforts to combat antibiotic resistance efforts in the healthcare sector, yielded very little to no success. The policies of global organizations include major attempts to draw attention and the need for efforts to alleviate the problem. New and novel modern efforts to combat antibiotic resistance have, however, yielded results. In communities, cleaning your hands by using alcohol-based wipes or soap and water has proven effective in preventing infection, and this can stop the spread of antibiotic resistance. In hospitals, preventing infections has proven very effective. Clinicians can also play a role in combating antibiotic resistance, as they are in direct contact with patients, they can either spread or control infection and antibiotic resistance. Educating nurses and other clinicians about antibiotic resistance may help in control of spread of infections. Pharmacists can also provide patients with infections information about the ineffectiveness of antibacterials and can recommend appropriate over-the-counter medication for treatment (Uchil et al., 2014).
The Kassel Fragment from an Early South English Legendary
Authors: Schultze Dirk 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
A print of Siliceus’s Arithmetica (Paris 1526), once preserved in the Landesbibliothek in Kassel, but now lost, contained a fragment of one parchment leaf until it was removed in 1904. The text, vaguely identified by Wiedemann (1994) as a “Vita Thomae Beket”, is here more precisely identified as part of the “Life of St. Thomas of Canterbury” from an early South English Legendary. I describe fragment and text in detail, and the text is analysed with respect to dialect and to its position in the transmission history. A diplomatic edition of the text preserved in this fragment makes this early witness of an important Middle English legendary available for the first time.
The deterritorialization of China pop: a pilot study on the global presence of Chinese streaming services
Authors: Liu Zhaoxi (Josie) 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Through a close examination of various platforms and content offered by the top three Chinese streaming services, iQiyi, Tencent Video and YouKu, this study provides an overview of these services’ international operation and starts mapping out the global presence of Chinese pop culture content.

Design/methodology/approach
This study mostly relies on empirical data collected from several sources, including documents and digital artifacts. Documents include BAT’s financial results and annual reports in recent years, as well as some analyses of their reports. Digital artifacts include hundreds of screenshots taken from various platforms run by iQiyi, Tencent Video, YouKu, and third-party platforms: Netflix, Rakuten Viki and YouTube. These data are sorted and analyzed to map out their global reach.

Findings
The study finds that the three platforms have wide global reach that can be conceptualized as the first stage of deterritorialization. This stage is carried out with scale, synergy and strings attached, and that private-sector media companies are the main force.

Practical implications
It maps out the global reach of China’s pop culture content.

Social implications
The case of global reach of China pop is a significant development in cultural globalization. The deterritorialization of Chinese media content further complicates but also advances cultural globalization.

Originality/value
By conceptualizing the global reach of Chinese streaming services as the first stage cultural deterritorialization, this study makes theoretical contributions to the broader discussion of cultural globalization. This study also makes contributions to the study of Chinese media globalization by providing micro level analysis of the global expansion of iQiyi, Tencent Video and YouKu, China’s top three video streaming services.
Bittersüß. Perspektiven auf spirituelle Konflikte und Möglichkeiten heilsamen Umgangs
Authors: Daniela Haußmann Annette 
Published: June 2024

Zusammenfassung
Spirituelle Konflikte sind in krisenhaften und belastenden Lebenssituationen nicht selten. Eine schwere Erkrankung, der Verlust eines wichtigen Menschen oder kräftezehrende Lebensumstände können dazu führen, dass tragende Sinnstrukturen und spirituell-religiöse Überzeugungen ins Wanken geraten. Hier haben Gesundheitsberufe die besondere Aufgabe einer einfühlsamen Begleitung, welche die spirituelle Dimension einschließt und diesbezüglichen Konflikten Raum gibt. Anhand eines Fallbeispiels werden Möglichkeiten des Umgangs von der Exploration über Expression und Validierung bis zur Transformation durch Imagination vorgestellt. Benannt werden auch Herausforderungen und Grenzen sowie Ideen für die praktische Umsetzung.