bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
N‐terminal‐pro‐brain natriuretic peptide: a guide for early targeted indomethacin therapy for patent ductus arteriosus in preterm Infants
Authors: Nuntnarumit Pracha , Chongkongkiat Prapaiporn , Khositseth Anant 
Published: April 2011

AbstractAim:  To determine whether N‐terminal‐pro‐brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) level could be an effective guide for early targeted indomethacin therapy for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm infants.Methods:  An interventional study involved preterm infants, born at <33 weeks of gestation, who had plasma NT‐proBNP levels obtained at day 2 of life. Indomethacin therapy was given if plasma NT‐proBNP level was ≥10 180 pg/mL, the cut‐off for predicting hemodynamic significant PDA (hsPDA). Echocardiograms were performed within 6 h at the time of plasma NT‐proBNP collection and again at day 7, or whenever clinical hsPDA was suspected. Primary outcomes were the incidence of later hsPDA and unnecessary exposure rate to indomethacin.Results:  Fifty infants were enrolled. On day 2, 19 (38%) infants had plasma NT‐proBNP above the cut‐off and received indomethacin therapy; none of them developed later hsPDA, while 1 of 31 infants with NT‐proBNP below the cut‐off level developed clinical hsPDA. Unnecessary exposure to indomethacin occurred in two infants (11%). Overall, no enrolled infants had either reopening of ductus or PDA ligation.Conclusion:  Using NT‐proBNP level on day 2 as a guide for early targeted indomethacin therapy reduced later onset of hsPDA and the number of unnecessary exposures to indomethacin.
Treatment of peri‐implantitis with deproteinised bovine bone and tetracycline: a case report
Authors: Park Jun‐Beom 
Published: April 2011

doi: 10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2011.00470.x

Treatment of peri‐implantitis with deproteinised bovine bone and tetracycline: a case reportObjective:  The objective of this study is to evaluate the use of tetracycline in a patient with peri‐implantitis.Background:  Tetracycline is widely used in regeneration procedures owing to its positive effect with bone graft material, regeneration of extraction socket bone and its traditional antibacterial effect. However, there have been limited reports on bone graft procedures combined with tetracycline application in peri‐implantitis.Materials and methods:  The detoxification procedure was performed with chlorhexidine and tetracycline, and the defect area was grafted with a 4:1 volume ratio combination of deproteinised bovine bone mixed with tetracycline.Results:  Soft tissue healing was uneventful, and the treatment yielded improved clinical results with a reduced probing depth.Conclusions:  Tetracycline was used in the treatment of peri‐implantitis by burnishing the implant surface and applying tetracycline in conjunction with an osseous graft to the defect area. The treatment of peri‐implantitis with tetracycline seemed to show improved clinical results up to the follow‐up period.
The effect of denture adhesives on Candida albicans growth in vitro
Authors: Sampaio‐Maia Benedita , Figueiral Maria Helena , Sousa‐Rodrigues Patricia , Fernandes Maria Helena , Scully Crispian 
Published: April 2011

doi: 10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2011.00478.x

The effect of denture adhesives on Candida albicans growth in vitroObjective:  Denture‐wearing favours the growth of Candida. In view of the fact that many denture wearers regularly use adhesives to enhance denture retention, stability and function, the aim of this work was to study the effect of denture adhesives on Candida albicans growth in vitro.Materials and methods:  The denture adhesives tested were Corega® cream, Kukident® cream, Novafix® cream, Polident® cream, Protefix® cream, Steradent® cream, Aderyn® powder, Corega® ultra powder, Protefix® powder and Corega® strip. C. albicans growth curves were obtained in the presence or absence of a 1% solution of the denture adhesive diluted in Sabouraud broth. Macro‐ and microscopic morphological changes in C. albicans were analysed, as was microbial contamination of the denture adhesive.Results:  Most of the denture adhesives studied induced morphological changes in C. albicans cells and colonies, but only two had any significant inhibitory effect on yeast growth. Kukident® cream markedly inhibited C. albicans growth in a concentration‐dependent way, reducing the growth rate by 95%, whereas Corega® cream also inhibited C. albicans growth but in a non‐concentration‐dependent way, reducing the growth rate by 37%. In addition, denture adhesives available as powders had detectable microbial contamination.Conclusion:  Some commercially available denture adhesives showed microbial contamination and some had significant inhibitory effect on C. albicans growth.
Bluestocking Studies: the State of the Field – and into the Future
Authors: Heller Deborah 
Published: April 2011

AbstractAlthough Sylvia Myers’s groundbreaking book, The Bluestocking Circle, was published in 1990, the field of Bluestocking Studies did not gain critical momentum until some 12 years ago, when two developments (the demolition of the ‘domestic thesis’ and the English translation of Habermas’s Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere) had opened the way for a new approach. It was now realized that the Bluestockings were not mere salon ‘hostesses’ and harmless dabblers in men’s intellectual culture; rather they were innovative agents in 18th‐century culture and society and were full participants in, indeed fashioners of, the Enlightenment. The present essay reviews the scholarly literature, praising advances where appropriate and censuring retrograde tendencies when necessary. It criticizes the ahistorical imposition of 20th‐century feminism onto the Blues, and it challenges certain orthodoxies, empty clichés, and facile generalizations. It argues that the Bluestockings were not a ‘circle’ and Elizabeth Montagu was not ‘Queen of the Blues’. The Bluestockings were rather a loosely bounded system of separate but interrelated groups of persons or influences. Looking toward the future, the way to move ahead in Bluestocking Studies is to go back ad fontes– to the sources.
Reading the Chester Cycle
Authors: Baldwin Elizabeth M. S. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThis article reviews recent (1998–2008) work on the Chester cycle of medieval drama. Recent thought on the cycle has been fundamentally affected by the letters of the Puritan divine Christopher Goodman, which show the Chester cycle being revised and altered right up to its final performance in 1575. The works discussed primarily cover post‐Reformation issues, with a focus on authority and control, both inside and outside the play. These concerns also inform articles on such other topics as sponsorship, audience response, and gender. Staging is discussed in several articles, as are the thematic and pragmatic functions of the Expositor. Many of the articles are also comparative, linking the Chester cycle with the York, Towneley, or N. Town plays, as well as other art and literature, both medieval and modern.
The Imitation of Christ in English Reformation Writing
Authors: Perry Nandra 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThis essay surveys scholarly treatments of the imitatio Christi theme in the printed literature of the English Reformation up to about 1640 and makes a case for the relevance of contemporary religious and devotional writing on this topic to the study of early modern English literature. While imitation has long been recognized by literary critics as a central feature of early modern English pedagogy and poetics, the devotional practice of imitating Christ’s life and Passion has been historically regarded as a minor element in English Protestant piety. However, recent trends in the study of early modern English literature and the historiography of the English Reformation suggest that it is time to reconsider the role of the imitatio Christi not only within English Protestant devotional culture, but within the broader culture of literary imitation as well.
Renminbi Going Global
Authors: Chen Xiaoli , Cheung Yin‐Wong 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe present paper evaluates the international status of the Chinese currency, the renminbi (RMB), by examining its use in the global market. Specifically, the discussion focuses on the recent developments of RMB trading in the global foreign exchange market, cross‐border trade settlement in RMB, the Hong Kong offshore market and China's policies relating to the RMB. The evidence suggests that the use of the RMB overseas, especially in trade financing and in the off‐shore market, has increased rapidly in recent years. However, compared with the size of the Chinese economy, the current scale of the use of the RMB is quite small. Although the RMB has great potential to become an international currency, its acceptance in the global economy is affected by both economic and political factors. Attaining a fully fledged international RMB is still a distant goal.
Food Security and Agricultural Changes in the Course of China's Urbanization
Authors: Zhu Ling 
Published: April 2011

AbstractChina's small farmers face increasing challenges because of land and water resource constraints and the effects of climate change. With the strengthened agricultural stimulus policies, poverty reduction and social protection programs, as well as the expanding international food trade, up to now China has achieved food security through small farm agriculture. During intensive economic restructuring, smallholders still coexist with large‐sized farms and industrialized agricultural businesses, but are in a vulnerable position in market transactions. Oriented to 2050, China's agricultural development and food security policies should work to improve domestic market structure, to further release international trade control and to empower smallholders.
Nonlinear Effects of Fiscal Policy on Private Consumption: Evidence from China
Authors: Wang Liyong , Gao Wei 
Published: April 2011

AbstractIn the present paper, we use the Markov‐switching model to test the nonlinear effects of government expenditure and taxes on private consumption in China. The results show that fiscal policy in China has a significantly nonlinear effect. In years 1978–1980 and 1984–1997, the effect of government consumption on private consumption is non‐Keynesian. During the same periods, the effect of taxes is also non‐Keynesian, but the effect is not significant. The effect of government investment is linear but asymmetric. After retesting the reasons for the existence of nonlinear effects, we find that in China initial fiscal conditions and the magnitude of fiscal consolidations are not related to the nonlinear effects of fiscal policy. The government should pay close attention to the characteristics of commodity and labor markets to identify the conditions and regimes associated with nonlinear effects.
Temporal Causal Relationship between Resource Use and Economic Growth in East China
Authors: Wang Yuan , Chen Jie , Lu Genfa 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe present paper attempts to combine cointegration theory and the material flow analysis approach to examine the causal relationship between resource use and real GDP in Jiangsu Province in East China. The study considers the period from 1990 to 2007. We use direct material input as the proxy variable for resource use. Our estimation indicates that real GDP and resource use are cointegrated and there is only unidirectional long‐run Granger causality running from resource use to real GDP, but not vice versa. The estimation results mean that resources are a limiting factor in terms of economic growth, and, therefore, strategies should be adopted for more vigorous economic development and consistent resource use in East China. Furthermore, the novel idea and methodology involved in the present study can be readily extended to cover other regions for the analysis of the relationship between resource use and economic growth.
Zoroastrianism and the Bible: Monotheism by Coincidence?
Authors: Gerstenberger Erhard S. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractNo book since the beginning of human writing systems has been of greater influence on religion and culture in the ‘Western’ Hemisphere than the Bible. Many believers have taken it to be the ultimate revelation and unchangeable truth for all times and peoples. Especially its creedal centre, monotheism, i.e. faith in one inclusive and exclusive deity was hailed as the pivotal, unsurpassable human cognition. Unfortunately, there are no absolutes within reach of human understanding. Finitum non capax infiniti. Biblical scholarship long has recognized that everything we perceive in this world is conditioned by time and space. Expressions of faith are no exception from this rule. Therefore, acknowledgment of historical and cultural ‘contextuality’ is necessary, including the fact, that Israel’s monotheistic religion was not borne in the epoch of Moses, but only much later inside the political, economic and spiritual framework of the Persian Empire (539–331 bc). If there is some truth to this assumption, scholarly zeal should be directed towards a clarification of the intimacies of religious interaction in this period. A prominent question would be: What really were the common patterns of contemporary thinking and believing, in which both Zoroastrian and Yahwistic faith participated?
Purging efficacy of ZnPcH1‐based photodynamic therapy on chronic myeloid leukemia bone marrow
Authors: HUANG H. , CHEN Y. , CHEN W. , WU Y. 
Published: April 2011

SummaryIntroduction:  Ex vivo purging is an emerging technique for successful transplantation of autologous hematopoietic stem cells in the treatment of leukemia. Among them, photodynamic therapy (PDT) might be a promising modality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the purging efficacy of ex vivo PDT on chronic myeloid leukemia (CML).Methods:  A new amphiphilic mono‐α‐substituted zinc (II) phthalocyanine (ZnPcH1) was used as a PDT photosensitizer. Nest reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) and real‐time quantitative PCR of BCR/ABL1 fusion gene remained positive were performed to determine the purging effects of ZnPcH1‐PDT on the mixture of CML cell line K562 cells and normal bone marrow mononuclear cells (MNC) and on the CML cells from the bone marrow of patients with CML who had achieved complete hematology remission but whose BCR/ABL1 fusion genes remained positive.Results:  CML cells exhibited higher susceptibility to ZnPcH1‐PDT than normal granulocyte/macrophage progenitors. PDT could eliminate K562 cells from K562–normal MNC mixture and the residual BCR/ABL1 positive CML cells from the bone marrow of patients with CML.Conclusion:  Our data suggest that ZnPcH1‐PDT may be a useful modality for purging CML cells for autologous grafts.
Fear Appeals and Persuasion: A Review and Update of the Extended Parallel Process Model
Authors: Maloney Erin K. , Lapinski Maria K. , Witte Kim 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM; Communication Monographs, 59, 1992, 329) is a predominant message design theory in the social science fear appeal literature that provides a framework for effective communication of health‐related information. This paper provides a review and update of the theory and the use of fear appeals in persuasion. First, a brief overview of the EPPM is provided. Then, Littlejohn and Foss (Theories of Human Communication, 2005, Belmont, CA: Thomson Wadsworth) criteria for evaluation of theory are used as a guide for reviewing research guided by the EPPM in terms of the consistency of data with theoretical predictions, how it has been adjusted and extended through research findings, and a discussion of future research to expand social scientific knowledge about fear appeals and persuasion. It is concluded that the EPPM has advanced our understanding of how fear appeals operate and continues to generate questions for research in risk messaging.
Hindsight Bias, Visual Aids, and Legal Decision Making: Timing is Everything
Authors: Fessel Florian , Roese Neal J. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractOnce individuals learn the outcomes of events, they tend to overestimate the ability with which they could have predicted the event (hindsight bias). We discuss the relation between processing fluency and hindsight bias in the context of visual animations designed to clarify complex events. Visual reconstructions, by increasing clarity while masking gaps or uncertainty in the underlying data, have been shown to increase hindsight bias in legal settings. More generally, any computer‐generated visual may not only clarify data sets, but breed overconfidence. Further, by taking a broader view of judgments shift over time, a clearer portrait of hindsight bias may be achieved.
Language Use and Persuasion: Multiple Roles for Linguistic Styles
Authors: Blankenship Kevin L. , Craig Traci Y. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractLanguage is the most common medium for persuasion. Stylistic variations in how individuals communicate can influence a number of processes and outcomes in a persuasion setting. This article reviews previous research on a number of commonly studied language styles and their influence on persuasion and provides suggestions for future research. First, we provide a review of some of the commonly studied stylistic features and their relation to persuasion. We then use a common multi‐process model of persuasion (i.e., the elaboration likelihood model; Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 1986, New York: Academic Press) to provide an overview of how linguistic styles can influence persuasion. In the final section, we discuss directions for future research on linguistic styles and persuasion.
Delete, Restart, or Rewind? Post‐1989 Public Memory Work in East‐Central Europe
Authors: Pearce Susan C. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractIn this review, I survey the empirical research literature on collective memory work in post‐1989 Central‐East Europe. Among the central cultural changes that the transformative moment of 1989 represented for the seven former members of the Eastern Bloc was the restructuring of public memory, through new anniversaries, monuments, museums, and apologies. By synthesizing the existing literature, we can discern a number of common threads in public memory across these locations, as well as differences, signaling that each country is charting its own path. Trends point toward preferences for damning the communist history, reviving national traditions, lustrating particular individuals, and hesitating over how to commemorate the 1989 events. There are gaps in the arenas that the literature address, which could be filled by a more representative balance across the seven countries, and toward increased attention to the publicly performed meanings of 1989.
Sociological Perspectives on Addiction
Authors: Weinberg Darin 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThis article provides a critical survey of sociological research on addiction. It begins with the seminal research of Alfred Lindesmith on heroin addiction then proceeds through discussions of functionalist contributions, research that exemplifies what David Matza called the ‘appreciative’ turn in the sociology of deviance, rational choice theories, and social constructionist approaches. It is confined to research on addiction in its original meaning as putative enslavement to a substance or activity rather than merely deviant or disapproved activity more broadly. As will be seen, though, there is a ubiquitous and theoretically interesting tendency even among those who contend to be writing about addiction as such to slip into modes of analysis that effectively substitute questions regarding the social approval of an activity for questions concerning whether it is voluntary or involuntary. Hence, one purpose of this article is to explore whether, and how, this slippage might be avoided.
Isn’t Every Crime a Hate Crime?: The Case for Hate Crime Laws
Authors: Blazak Randy 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe process to create hate crime laws in the United States has wrestled with the core issues of freedom of speech and greater harm. This article looks at the evolution of bias crime laws, culminating with President Obama’s signing of the Matthew Shepard and James Byrd, Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act in 2009. The constitutionality of the laws is ‘discussed and suggestions for sociological research are made. Four elements of hate crime laws are discussed; criminality, intent, perception, and protected statuses. The logic of hate crime laws is based on the argument that hate crimes are a form of terrorism, designed to intimidate large groups of people. Readers should be familiar with the basic case for the existence of such laws.
The Sociology of Neuroethics: Expectational Discourses and the Rise of a New Discipline
Authors: Brosnan Caragh 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe sudden emergence of the discipline ‘neuroethics’ is an intriguing event from the perspective of the sociologies of medicine, science and bioethics. Despite calls for greater social science engagement with neuroethics, it has so far received little attention. So that sociologists might consider how to engage with the field, and in order to simultaneously contribute towards a sociology of neuroethics, this paper explores neuroethics’ disciplinary identity via a critical analysis of literature defining neuroethics’ scope and role. Drawing on the sociologies of bioethics and expectations, I argue that in setting the neuroethical agenda, neuroethicists construct expectations about the future of neuroscience. In doing so, they align themselves with neuroscience, rather than maintaining a critical distance. Similar critiques have been made of bioethics, but in its efforts to distinguish itself from bioethics, neuroethics appears to exacerbate many of the attributes which sociologists have found problematic. This reinforces the need for critical social science perspectives to inform neuroethics, and also shows how neuroethics is potentially an interesting area of empirical study for sociology. However, the paper concludes by calling for critical reflexivity in sociology’s engagement with neuroethics, in light of recent debates surrounding the relationship between social science, bioethics, bioscience and expectations.