bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Air and Noise Pollution Exposure in Early Life and Mental Health From Adolescence to Young Adulthood
Authors: Newbury Joanne B. , Heron Jon , Kirkbride James B. , Fisher Helen L. , Bakolis Ioannis , Boyd Andy , Thomas Richard , Zammit Stanley 
Published: May 2024

ImportanceGrowing evidence associates air pollution exposure with various psychiatric disorders. However, the importance of early-life (eg, prenatal) air pollution exposure to mental health during youth is poorly understood, and few longitudinal studies have investigated the association of noise pollution with youth mental health.ObjectivesTo examine the longitudinal associations of air and noise pollution exposure in pregnancy, childhood, and adolescence with psychotic experiences, depression, and anxiety in youths from ages 13 to 24 years.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study used data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, an ongoing longitudinal birth cohort founded in 1991 through 1993 in Southwest England, United Kingdom. The cohort includes over 14 000 infants with due dates between April 1, 1991, and December 31, 1992, who were subsequently followed up into adulthood. Data were analyzed October 29, 2021, to March 11, 2024.ExposuresA novel linkage (completed in 2020) was performed to link high-resolution (100 m2) estimates of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), fine particulate matter under 2.5 μm (PM2.5), and noise pollution to home addresses from pregnancy to 12 years of age.Main outcomes and measuresPsychotic experiences, depression, and anxiety were measured at ages 13, 18, and 24 years. Logistic regression models controlled for key individual-, family-, and area-level confounders.ResultsThis cohort study included 9065 participants who had any mental health data, of whom (with sample size varying by parameter) 51.4% (4657 of 9051) were female, 19.5% (1544 of 7910) reported psychotic experiences, 11.4% (947 of 8344) reported depression, and 9.7% (811 of 8398) reported anxiety. Mean (SD) age at follow-up was 24.5 (0.8) years. After covariate adjustment, IQR increases (0.72 μg/m3) in PM2.5 levels during pregnancy (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.11 [95% CI, 1.04-1.19]; P = .002) and during childhood (AOR, 1.09 [95% CI, 1.00-1.10]; P = .04) were associated with elevated odds for psychotic experiences. Pregnancy PM2.5 exposure was also associated with depression (AOR, 1.10 [95% CI, 1.02-1.18]; P = .01). Higher noise pollution exposure in childhood (AOR, 1.19 [95% CI, 1.03-1.38]; P = .02) and adolescence (AOR, 1.22 [95% CI, 1.02-1.45]; P = .03) was associated with elevated odds for anxiety.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this longitudinal cohort study, early-life air and noise pollution exposure were prospectively associated with 3 common mental health problems from adolescence to young adulthood. There was a degree of specificity in terms of pollutant-timing-outcome associations. Interventions to reduce air and noise pollution exposure (eg, clean air zones) could potentially improve population mental health. Replication using quasi-experimental designs is now needed to shed further light on the underlying causes of these associations.
Constructing an Interlaced Catalytic Surface via Fluorine‐Doped Bimetallic Oxides for Oxygen Electrode Processes in Li–O2 Batteries
Authors: Sun Zongqiang , Lin Xiaodong , Wang Chutao , Tan Yanyan , Dou Wenjie , Hu Ajuan , Cui Jiaqing , Fan Jingmin , Yuan Ruming , Zheng Mingsen , Dong Quanfeng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLithium–oxygen (Li–O2) batteries, renowned for their high theoretical energy density, have garnered significant interest as prime candidates for future electric device development. However, their actual capacity is often unsatisfactory due to the passivation of active sites by solid‐phase discharge products. Optimizing the growth and storage of these products is a crucial step in advancing Li–O2 batteries. Here, a fluorine‐doped bimetallic cobalt‐nickel oxide (CoNiO2–xFx/CC) with an interlaced catalytic surface (ICS) and a corncob‐like structure is proposed as an oxygen electrode. Unlike conventional oxide electrodes with a “single adsorption catalytic mechanism,” the ICS of CoNiO2−xFx/CC offers a “competitive adsorption catalytic mechanism,” where oxygen sites facilitate oxygen conversion while fluorine sites contribute to the growth of Li2O2. This results in a change in Li2O2 morphology from a surface film to toroidal particles, effectively preventing the burial of active sites. Additionally, the unique open architecture aids in the capture and release of oxygen and the formation of well‐contacted Li2O2/electrode interfaces, which benefits the complete decomposition of Li2O2 products. Consequently, the Li–O2 battery with a CoNiO2−xFx/CC cathode demonstrates a high specific capacity of up to 30923 mAh g−1 and a lifespan exceeding 580 cycles, surpassing most reported metal oxide‐based cathodes.
Inclusion of Anion Additives in the Inner Solvation Shell to Regulate the Composition of Solid Electrolyte Interphase
Authors: Lohani Harshita , Kumar Ajit , Bano Amreen , Ghosh Arpita , Kumari Pratima , Ahuja Aakash , Sengupta Abhinanda , Kumar Dhruv , Major Dan Thomas , Mitra Sagar 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAn innovative approach to electrolyte engineering in carbonate electrolytes is introduced by incorporating high donor number dual anion additives into the conventional electrolyte system (1 M NaPF6 EC:PC). The active engagement of anions in the primary solvation shell effectively hinders the reduction of solvent molecules by reducing the Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital (LUMO) of Na+‐solvent‐anion complex as compared to the LUMO of pure solvents or Na+‐solvent complex. The participation of anions leads to the formation of a thinner and an inorganic‐rich Solid Electrolyte Interphase on the hard carbon anode enhancing Initial Coulombic Efficiency and significantly improving its kinetics. Moreover, the system with dual anion additives exhibits oxidative stability up to 4.5 V, effectively mitigating the undesired side reactions at high voltage operation of the layered sodium nickel manganese oxide cathode. The addition of dual anion additives proves instrumental in suppressing structural degradation and transition metal dissolution during the long cycling performance of the layered oxide cathode in a sodium‐ion full cell. The synergistic effects of this dual anion additive added electrolyte on both the anode and the cathode ultimately ensured prolonged cycling of the sodium‐ion full cell. The electrolyte engineering approach outlined in this study opens the door to advancing next‐generation high‐voltage sodium batteries.
Stimuli‐responsive photoluminescent copper(I) halides for scintillation, anticounterfeiting, and light‐emitting diode applications
Authors: Popy Dilruba A. , Singh Yashpal , Tratsiak Yauhen , Cardoza Abby M. , Lane John M. , Stand Luis , Zhuravleva Mariya , Rai Neeraj , Saparov Bayram 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHighly sensitive stimuli‐responsive luminescent materials are crucial for applications in optical sensing, security, and anticounterfeiting. Here, we report two zero‐dimensional (0D) copper(I) halides, (TEP)2Cu2Br4, (TEP)2Cu4Br6, and 1D (TEP)3Ag6Br9, which are comprised of isolated [Cu2Br4]2−, [Cu4Br6]2−, and [Ag6Br9]3− polyanions, respectively, separated by TEP+ (tetraethylphosphonium [TEP]) cations. (TEP)2Cu2Br4 and (TEP)2Cu4Br6 demonstrate greenish‐white and orange‐red emissions, respectively, with near unity photoluminescence quantum yields, while (TEP)3Ag6Br9 is a poor light emitter. Optical spectroscopy measurements and density‐functional theory calculations reveal that photoemissions of these compounds originate from self‐trapped excitons due to the excited‐state distortions in the copper(I) halide units. Crystals of Cu(I) halides are radioluminescence active at room temperature under both X‐ and γ‐rays exposure. The light yields up to 15,800 ph/MeV under 662 keV γ‐rays of 137Cs suggesting their potential for scintillation applications. Remarkably, (TEP)2Cu2Br4 and (TEP)2Cu4Br6 are interconvertible through chemical stimuli or reverse crystallization. In addition, both compounds demonstrate luminescence on‐off switching upon thermal stimuli. The sensitivity of (TEP)2Cu2Br4 and (TEP)2Cu4Br6 to the chemical and thermal stimuli coupled with their ultrabright emission allows their consideration for applications such as solid‐state lighting, sensing, information storage, and anticounterfeiting.
Precise Helium Sieving from Hydrogen Using Fluorine‐Decorated Carbon Hollow Fiber Membranes
Authors: Wu Qi , Liu Lu , Jiao Yang , Li Zhenyuan , Bai Ju , Ma Xiaohua , Luo Shuangjiang , Zhang Suojiang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSeparating helium (He) and hydrogen (H2), two gases that are extremely similar in molecular size and condensation properties, presents a formidable challenge in the helium industry. The development of membranes capable of precisely differentiating between these gases is crucial for achieving large‐scale, energy‐efficient He/H2 separation. However, the limited selectivity of current membranes has hindered their practical application. In this study, we propose a novel approach to overcome this challenge by engineering submicroporous membranes through the fluorination of partially carbonized hollow fibers. We demonstrate that the fluorine substitution on the inner rim of the micropore walls within the carbon hollow fibers enables tunability of the microporous architecture. Furthermore, it enhances interactions between H2 molecules and the micropore walls through the polarization and hydrogen bonding induced by C−F bonds, resulting in simultaneous improvements in both He/H2 diffusivity and solubility selectivities. The fluorinated HFM‐550‐F‐1 min membrane exhibits exceptional mixed‐gas separation performance, with a binary mixed‐gas He/H2 selectivity of 10.5 and a ternary mixed‐gas He/(H2+CO2) selectivity of 20.8, at 40 bar feed pressure and 35 °C, surpassing all previously reported polymer‐based gas separation membranes, and remarkable plasticization resistance and long‐term continuous stability over 30 days.
Improving Team Members’ Attention During the OR Briefing or Time Out
Authors: Braverman Ariel 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTEffective coordination among health care professionals is crucial to achieving optimal outcomes. In the OR, even minor errors can have catastrophic consequences. To mitigate the risk of error, health care professionals have adopted a briefing culture like that used in the aviation industry. Briefings are essential to ensure that everyone involved in a procedure knows the plan and potential risks and is prepared to perform their duties safely and effectively. The fundamental human sense involved in briefings is auditory perception; although important, hearing alone does not equate to focused attention. To enhance the efficacy of briefings, engaging the use of a second sense by adding a visual checklist may increase attentiveness and the chances of early error detection and prevention. Using a projection device may enhance all team members’ engagement and participation during the briefing or time‐out process and can be an effective tool for improving communication and reducing errors.
Effect of Weighted Blanket Versus Traditional Practices on Anxiety and Pain in Patients Undergoing Elective Surgery: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Payne Danielle R. , Vinson Jaime , Powers Jan , McDaniel Brandon T. , Sevier Cherise , Marshall Cynthia , Sell Sue 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTPerioperative anxiety is common in surgical patients and linked to poor outcomes. This multicenter randomized controlled trial assessed the effect of the use of a warm weighted blanket on presurgical anxiety and pain, as well as postsurgical restlessness, nausea, and vomiting. Levels of anxiety and pain were measured in adult patients using a 100‐point visual analog scale before elective surgery. Patients received either a warm weighted blanket (n = 74) or a traditional sheet or nonweighted blanket (n = 74). Patients in the intervention group had significantly lower preoperative anxiety scores (mean [SD] = 26.28 [25.75]) compared to the control group (mean [SD] = 38.73 [30.55], P = .008). However, the intervention had no significant effect on presurgical pain or postsurgical nausea, vomiting, or restlessness. These results suggest that weighted blankets reduce preoperative anxiety in adult patients.
Two‐particle debris flow simulation based on SPH
Authors: Zhang Jiaxiu , Yang Meng , Li Xiaomin , Jiang Qun'ou , Zhang Heng , Meng Weiliang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDebris flow is a highly destructive natural disaster, necessitating accurate simulation and prediction. Existing simulation methods tend to be overly simplified, neglecting the three‐dimensional complexity and multiphase fluid interactions, and they also lack comprehensive consideration of soil conditions. We propose a novel two‐particle debris flow simulation method based on smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) for enhanced accuracy. Our method employs a sophisticated two‐particle model coupling debris flow dynamics with SPH to simulate fluid‐solid interaction effectively, which considers various soil factors, dividing terrain into variable and fixed areas, incorporating soil impact factors for realistic simulation. By dynamically updating positions and reconstructing surfaces, and employing GPU and hash lookup acceleration methods, we achieve accurate simulation with significantly efficiency. Experimental results validate the effectiveness of our method across different conditions, making it valuable for debris flow risk assessment in natural disaster management.
Deep‐Ultraviolet Photoexcitation of Aqueous Urea Forms Carbamic Acid/Carbamate in Less Than One Picosecond
Authors: Thøgersen Jan , Madzharova Fani , Weidner Tobias , Jensen Frank 
Published: May 2024

AbstractUrea is believed to have been essential to the synthesis of prebiotic nucleotides and thereby the RNA or DNA of the first lifeforms. Models suggesting that life began in wet‐dry cycles around shallow aquatic ponds imply that reactants such as urea were exposed to deep ultraviolet irradiation from the young sun. Detrimental photodissociation of urea induced by deep UV excitation potentially challenges these models. We here follow the primary deep ultraviolet photochemistry of aqueous urea. The data show that urea is barely excited at 200 nm due to weak ultraviolet absorption. The likelihood of photodissociation is further reduced by strong intra‐molecular coupling of the CN and CO stretch vibrations accompanied by an efficient dissipation of the excitation energy to the surrounding water molecules mitigated by urea‐water hydrogen bonds. We find that 54±5 % of the excited urea molecules dissociate. Reactions between the photoproducts and surrounding solvent molecules form carbamic acid or the carbamate anions within 0.6 ps. The molecules that do not dissociate return to the electronic ground state in 2 ps. Interestingly, the photodissociation processes of urea in the aqueous phase is different from earlier reported reactions observed following the VUV photolysis of urea in noble gas matrices and highlight the potential influence of water on the prebiotic photochemistry.
Impact of pressure on coking of vacuum residue
Authors: Shen Jing , Sajiv Kumar Roshni , Wiens Jason , Wormsbecker Michael , Semagina Natalia 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThermal conversion of vacuum tower bottoms (VTB) and its narrow‐cut distillation fractions were studied at 530°C between 0.1 and 2 MPa pressure to assess the effect of the reaction pressure on coking. Coke yield in the VTB conversion increased with pressure, which was found to be mostly due to the enhanced coking of the 700°C+ narrow cut. The microcarbon residue in the liquid remained unaffected. The yield of products with a boiling point below 510°C, including distillate and by‐product lights, decreased with the pressure increase. The trend was a cumulative effect of the increased yields from the VTB cuts boiling below 635°C and the decreased yields from the heavier cuts. Admixing different VTB cuts into the VTB feed resulted in the weighted average changes with no synergistic or antagonistic effects.
Conversion of tailings solvent recovery unit (TSRU) by‐products into activated carbon‐zeolite composites: Impact of fusion pre‐treatment on porosity and CO2 capture
Authors: Sedghkerdar Mohammad Hashem , Patel Umang , Mahinpey Nader 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCurrently, the oil sands industry is producing millions of tons of tailings by‐products from the tailings solvent recovery unit (TSRU) into the tailings ponds. TSRU tailings (TTs) consist of water, asphaltene, and minerals, including silica and alumina mixtures. The oil sands sector has expanded efforts to discover solutions to remove the tailings ponds due to growing public concern about the environmental effects of these ponds and stiffer government rules on their disposal. Therefore, this report studied the effect of the different methods for the conversion of the TTs into the activated carbon‐zeolite composite. The TTs were treated with activation followed by hydrothermal, either with or without fusion with NaOH at 800°C for 1 h as a pre‐treatment. Zeolite Na‐P, zeolite A, and zeolite X were identified during the different characterizations, depending on the pre‐treatment of the fusion. The result showed that the fusion with NaOH before the hydrothermal reaction was effective as it increased the porosity and adsorption of the composite. The CO2 capture capacity of the product before fusion was 0.19 mmol/g, and after fusion, it was improved to 0.486 mmol/g.
Mitigating voltage decay of O3‐NaNi1/3Fe1/3Mn1/3O2 layered oxide cathode for sodium‐ion batteries by incorporation of 5d metal tantalum
Authors: Huang Shuai , Sun Yuanyuan , Yuan Tao , Che Haiying , Zheng Qinfeng , Zhang Yixiao , Li Pengzhi , Qiu Jian , Pang Yuepeng , Yang Junhe , Ma Zi‐Feng , Zheng Shiyou 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe cycling stability of O3‐type NaNi1/3Fe1/3Mn1/3O2 (NFM) as a commercial cathode material for sodium ion batteries (SIBs) is still a challenge. In this study, the Ni/Fe/Mn elements are replaced successfully with tantalum (Ta) in the NFM lattice, which generated additional delocalized electrons and enhanced the binding ability between the transition metal and oxygen, resulting in suppressed lattice distortion during charging and discharging. This caused significant mitigation of voltage decay and improved cycle stability within the potential range of 2.0–4.2 V. The optimized Na(Ni1/3Fe1/3Mn1/3)0.97Ta0.03O2 sample achieved a reversible capacity of 162.6 mAh g−1 at a current rate of 0.1 C and 73.2 mAh g−1 at a high rate of 10 C. Additionally, the average charge/discharge potential retention reached 98% after 100 cycles, significantly mitigating the voltage decay. This work demonstrates a significant contribution towards the practical utilization of NFM cathodes in the SIBs energy storage field.
Restorative justice and disciplinary administrative law: The case of the Brazilian state
Authors: Barros Kassia , Traguetto Jessica 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn Brazil, conflicts involving public servants are governed by the standards of disciplinary administrative law, which is inspired by the retributive criminal law model. However, new possibilities (for instance, restorative justice [RJ] applications) may positively contribute to the settling of controversies. This article aims to describe the restorative justice approach within the administrative disciplinary context of the Executive Branch of the State of Goiás. The study has a qualitative nature and is characterized by exploratory‐descriptive research. The method consists of a case study carried out in the Comptroller General of the State. The results point to a state move toward the adoption of consensual dispute resolution methods in the public sphere aimed particularly at public servants, with initiatives conducted by the Office of the State Controller General of Goiás (CGE), such as pilot projects consisting of: restorative circles and the institution of Law No. 21.631/2022 (labor mediation). Specifically with respect to disciplinary offenses, RJ is not instituted, but it is one of the motivators for the materialization of RJ measures in the workplace. The present study involving the theme of RJ and Disciplinary Administrative Law is unprecedented in Brazil. Motivators were identified for the implementation of restorative practices in the workplace and the identification of the process needed to change states to implement the characteristics of a restorative paradigm, culminating in the institution of mediation processes and other RJ interventions.
Coupling coefficient calculation method of circular coil with bilateral finite magnetic shields at horizontal misalignment in wireless power transfer systems
Authors: Chen Zhongbang , Li Zhongqi , Lyu Mingsheng , Lin Zhiyuan , Li Junjun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe coupling coefficient determines the transfer efficiency of the wireless power transfer (WPT) system. The magnetic leakage can be reduced, and the coupling coefficient of the coil can be enhanced by adding a magnetic shield. Thus, the transfer efficiency of the WPT system can be improved. However, when the receiving coil is added with magnetic shield and occurs horizontally misaligned, the coupling coefficients between the coils with the magnetic shield can only be calculated by finite element simulation, and there is no calculation method for the coupling coefficient of two circular coils with bilateral finite magnetic shield at horizontal misalignment. Therefore, based on Maxwell's equations and Bessel's function, the formula of the coupling coefficient between circular coils at coaxial is derived by the subdomain hierarchical analysis (SHA) method. On this basis, the coupling coefficient calculation formula between circular coils at horizontal misalignment is further derived by using the boundary vector equivalence (BVE) method. The results show that the maximum experimental error is not more than 5.58%, and the longest average time of the algorithm is not more than 1.282 s, which verifies the effectiveness and rapidity of the proposed method.