bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microscopical and chemical surface characterization of the gingival portion and connection of an internal hexagon abutment before and after different technical stages of preparation
Authors: Canullo Luigi , Micarelli Costanza , Iannello Giuliano 
Published: May 2012

AbstractAimThis study was aimed to assess contaminants on the abutment surface close to the implant‐abutment interface and the connection, after common technical protocols.Materials and methodsA total of 40 abutments were divided into four groups: control group (abutment removed from the plastic envelop), test group1 (milled), test group2 (milled and polished), test group3 (milled, polished and steamed). Groups were subjected to scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis. Pollution particles were counted and measured. Mean values and standard deviation (SD) were calculated. To evaluate any difference between groups Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test was conducted. In addition, contaminant chemical characterization was investigated by Energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX).ResultsControl group presented minimal amount of pollution (mean value of 2.1 spots [SD: 1.66] covering 0.004% of the surface). On the other hand, SEM analysis revealed on the abutment surface a mean value of 115.9 (SD: 32.27), 162 (SD: 21.17), and 32.5 (SD: 9.73) spots, respectively, in Test group 1, 2, and 3. Micro‐particles covered the 0.025%, 0.057%, 0.0404% of the surface, respectively, in Test group 1, 2, and 3. On the connection, SEM analysis revealed a mean value of 61.9 (SD: 9.07), 39 (SD: 12.35), 42.1 (SD: 8.59) spots, respectively, in Test group 1, 2, and 3. Micro‐particles covered the 0.0774%, 0.0869%, and 0.0392% of the surface, respectively, in Test group 1, 2, and 3. Spots were identified by EDX as micro‐particles of lubricant and titanium smear layer. All differences were statistically significant.ConclusionsAfter technical procedures, presence of contaminants on the abutment surface in contact with the peri‐implant tissues was confirmed. To prevent that such debris could interfere with biological stability of peri‐implant tissues and, thus, enhance the implant‐prosthesis integration, different cleaning protocols should be evaluated.
Incidence and clinical characteristics of myeloproliferative neoplasms displaying a PDGFRB rearrangement
Authors: Arefi Maryam , García Juan L. , Peñarrubia María J. , Queizán José A. , Hermosín Lourdes , López‐Corral Lucía , Megido Marta , Giraldo Pilar , de las Heras Natalia , Vanegas Raúl J. , Gutiérrez Norma C. , Hernández‐Rivas Jesús M. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractObjectivesThe myeloproliferative neoplasms displaying a PDGFRB rearrangement are rare diseases derived from a haematopoietic stem cell. The goals of the study were to assess the incidence of these disorders and to define the clinical and biological characteristics as well as the response to the imatinib therapy.MethodsA total of 556 patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms were studied by means of molecular cytogenetics.ResultsThe incidence of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) with PDGFRB rearrangement was low (10 cases, 1.8% of all MPN). Most of the patients showed moderate anaemia (median Hb was 10.0 gr/dL; range from 7.5 to 13 g/dL), leukocytosis (median white blood cells was 21.7 × 109/L with a range from 4 to 43 × 109/L) and eosinophilia (median circulating eosinophils was 2.4 × 109/L with a range of 1.1–5.7 × 109/L) with a median of bone marrow infiltration cells displaying PDGFRB rearrangement of 55% (range, 37–85%). In three cases, a t(5;12) was observed while two patients showed rearrangements of 17q21 region. In two cases, a del(5)(q31) was observed. Most of the patients responded to standard dosage of imatinib, and the response was maintained in the time in those patients with a follow‐up higher than 9 years.ConclusionsThe incidence of patients with PDGFRB rearrangement is low. These patients showed leukocytosis with eosinophilia and anaemia. The efficacy of imatinib therapy in patients showing PDGFRB rearrangement is high. For this reason, in all patients with MPN without any other molecular aberration, PDGFRB rearrangement should be ascertained.
Modulation of T‐cell Reactivity During Equine Pregnancy is Antigen Independent
Authors: Noronha Leela E. , Antczak Douglas F. 
Published: May 2012

ProblemPregnant mares demonstrate a reduction in cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) reactivity against cells from the breeding stallion. We investigated whether this effect is limited to activity against paternal major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens, and whether it occurs during MHC‐compatible pregnancy.Method of StudyMares were mated to carry MHC‐compatible or MHC‐incompatible pregnancies. CTL activity of these mares when pregnant and non‐pregnant was measured against cells from horses with MHC haplotypes unrelated to the mare or breeding stallion.ResultsWhile carrying MHC‐incompatible pregnancies, mares demonstrated reduced CTL activity against lymphocytes from third‐party horses in addition to those from the breeding stallion. This effect was also observed in mares carrying MHC‐compatible pregnancies.ConclusionsThe decrease in maternal T‐cell reactivity characteristic of normal equine pregnancy is not restricted to paternal alloantigen, and occurs during MHC‐matched matings. This suggests that antigen‐independent mechanisms may be responsible for this reduction in cell‐mediated immune activity.
The effect of an oxygenating agent on chlorhexidine‐induced extrinsic tooth staining: a systematic review
Authors: van Maanen‐Schakel NWD , Slot DE , Bakker EWP , Van der Weijden GA 
Published: May 2012

To cite this article:   Int J Dent Hygiene10, 2012; 198–208  DOI: 10.1111/j.1601‐5037.2012.00555.x van Maanen‐Schakel NWD, Slot DE, Bakker EWP, Van der Weijden GA. The effect of an oxygenating agent on chlorhexidine‐induced extrinsic tooth staining: a systematic review.Abstract:Background:  Although chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) is currently the most effective mouthwash for reducing plaque and gingivitis, one of its side effects is extrinsic tooth staining. Interes‐tingly, oxygenating agents may reduce this staining.Objective:  The aim of this review was to systematically search the literature for data concerning the inhibiting effect of an oxygenating agent (OA) on CHX‐induced tooth staining.Methods:  MEDLINE‐PubMed, Cochrane‐CENTRAL, EMBASE and other relevant electronic databases were searched for articles that were published up to November 2011. Articles were included if they were randomized controlled trials or controlled clinical trials conducted with healthy subjects ≥ 16 years of age that compared the effects of CHX mouthrinse combined with an OA with the effects of CHX alone.Results:  An independent screening of 1183 titles and abstracts resulted in 4 publications that met the inclusion criteria. The extracted data allowed meta‐analyses of intermediate length studies and showed that combining an OA with CHX mouthrinses led to a significant reduction in tooth staining (mean difference: 0.27; P = 0.02) and plaque scores (mean difference: 0.10; P = 0.003) when compared with CHX alone. One of the included studies reported a side effect for one participant. The present review was limited by the availability of data, and the included studies were methodologically and clinically heterogeneous, which affected the quality and interpretation of the evidence.Conclusion:  There is moderate evidence that a combination of CHX and an OA reduces tooth staining without interfering with plaque growth inhibition.
Impact on wound healing and efficacy of various leg ulcer debridement techniques
Authors: Doerler Martin , Reich‐Schupke Stefanie , Altmeyer Peter , Stücker Markus 
Published: May 2012

SummaryAim: To evaluate the evidence on the impact of different debridement techniques on healing and their efficacy in the treatment of leg ulcers.Methods: Web‐based search (PubMed) for trials investigating surgical, enzymatic, autolytic, osmotic, ultrasound‐assisted, and biosurgical wound debridement on leg ulcers with regard to healing and efficacy.Results: Both surgical and hydrosurgical methods proved to be effective debridement techniques. For conventional surgical debridement, a significantly greater reduction of the wound surface area and a higher healing rate were reported. Studies on autolytic, osmotic, and enzymatic wound debridement showed effective debridement for krill enzymes, dextranomer and manuka honey. Only for manuka honey was there a significantly greater reduction of the wound surface area compared to standard treatment. One study comparing fibrinolysin/DNAse with placebo and one comparing autolytic with enzymatic debridement showed no significant differences between the respective techniques. Trials on ultrasound‐assisted wound debridement reported a positive impact on healing. A significant wound surface area reduction was demonstrated in one of them. Maggot therapy led to effective debridement. The largest trial showed no significantly improved healing.Conclusions: Further studies are needed to strengthen the evidence for a significant impact of wound debridement on the healing of leg ulcers.
The Basal Level Ethylene Response is Important to the Wall and Endomembrane Structure in the Hypocotyl Cells of Etiolated Arabidopsis Seedlings
Authors: Xu Chan , Gao Xiaoyan , Sun Xiaobin , Wen Chi‐Kuang 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe sub‐cellular events that occur during the ethylene‐modulated cell elongation were characterized by examining the ultra‐structure of etiolated Arabidopsis seedling hypocotyl cells. Preventing the basal level ethylene response facilitated cell elongation, and the cells exhibited wall loosening and separation phenotype. Nearby the wall separation sites were frequently associated with an increase in the cortical rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER) membranes, the presence of paramural bodies, and the circular Golgi formation. The cortical rER proliferation and circular Golgi phenotype were reverted by the protein biosynthesis inhibitor cycloheximide. The cortical rER membranes were longer when the ethylene response was prevented and shortened with elevated ethylene responses. Proteomic changes between wild type and the ethylene‐insensitive mutant ethylene insensitive2 (ein2) seedling hypocotyls indicated that distinct subsets of proteins involving endomembrane trafficking, remodeling, and wall modifications were differentially expressed. FM4‐64 staining supported the proteomic changes, which indicated reduced endocytosis activity with alleviation of the ethylene response. The basal level ethylene response has an important role in endomembrane trafficking, biological materials transport and maintenance of the endomembrane organization. It is possible that endomembrane alterations may partly associate with the wall modifications, though the biological significance of the alterations should be addressed in future studies.
Regulation of cholesterol biosynthetic pathway in different regions of the rat central nervous system
Authors: Segatto M. , Trapani L. , Lecis C. , Pallottini V. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractAimIn this study, we investigated the regulatory network of the key and rate‐limiting enzyme of cholesterol biosynthetic pathway, the 3‐hydroxy 3‐methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGR) in different brain regions, to add new insight about lipid metabolism and physiology in the central nervous system (CNS).MethodsHMGR levels and activation state and the proteins involved in the enzyme regulatory network were analysed by Western blot in hippocampus, cortex, cerebellum and brain stem of adult male rats.ResultsHMGR protein level and phosphorylation state exhibit a specific pattern in each brain area analysed, according to the levels and activation state of the proteins responsible for the short‐ and long‐term regulation of the enzyme. Moreover, low‐density lipoprotein receptor expression displays a similar trend to that of HMGR.ConclusionsThe obtained data indicate that cholesterol biosynthesis could be differently modulated in each brain region in adult male rat and emphasize marked differences in HMGR and low‐density lipoprotein receptor regulation. The results provide new insights into the intricate network that regulates cholesterol homoeostasis in the adult CNS in connection with the regional needs of this molecule.
KIAA1549‐BRAFFusions and IDH Mutations Can Coexist in Diffuse Gliomas of Adults
Authors: Badiali Manuela , Gleize Vincent , Paris Sophie , Moi Loredana , Elhouadani Selma , Arcella Antonietta , Morace Roberta , Antonelli Manila , Buttarelli Francesca Romana , Figarella‐ Branger Dominique , Kim Young‐Ho , Ohgaki Hiroko , Mokhtari Karima , Sanson Marc , Giangaspero Felice 
Published: May 2012

AbstractKIAA1549‐BRAFfusion gene and isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutations are considered two mutually exclusive genetic events in pilocytic astrocytomas and diffuse gliomas, respectively. We investigated the presence of theKIAA1549‐BRAFfusion gene in conjunction with IDH mutations and 1p/19q loss in 185 adult diffuse gliomas. Moreover BRAFv600Emutation was also screened. TheKIAA1549‐BRAFfusion gene was evaluated by reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) and sequencing. We found IDH mutations in 125 out 175 cases (71.4%). There wereKIAA1549‐BRAFfusion gene in 17 out of 180 (9.4%) cases and BRAFv600Ein 2 out of 133 (1.5%) cases. In 11 of these 17 cases, both IDH mutations and theKIAA1549‐BRAFfusion were present, as independent molecular events. Moreover, 6 of 17 cases showed co‐presence of 1p/19q loss, IDH mutations andKIAA1549‐BRAFfusion. Among the 17 cases withKIAA1549‐BRAFfusion gene 15 (88.2%) were oligodendroglial neoplasms. Similarly, the two cases with BRAFv600Emutation were both oligodendroglioma and one had IDH mutations and 1p/19q co‐deletion. Our results suggest that in a small fraction of diffuse gliomas,KIAA1549‐BRAFfusion gene and BRAFv600Emutation may be responsible for deregulation of the Ras‐RAF‐ERK signaling pathway. Such alterations are more frequent in oligodendroglial neoplasm and may be co‐present with IDH mutations and 1p/19q loss.
Dynamic properties of a dirt and a synthetic equine racetrack surface measured by a track‐testing device
Authors: SETTERBO J. J. , FYHRIE P. B. , HUBBARD M. , UPADHYAYA S. K. , STOVER S. M. 
Published: May 2012

SummaryReasons for performing study:Racetrack surface is a risk factor for Thoroughbred racehorse injury and death that can be engineered and managed. To investigate the relationship between surface and injury, the mechanical behaviour of dirt and synthetic track surfaces must be quantified.Objectives:To compare dynamic properties of a dirt and a synthetic surfacein situusing a track‐testing device designed to simulate equine hoof impact; and to determine the effects of impact velocity, impact angle and repeated impact on dynamic surface behaviour.Methods:A track‐testing device measured force and displacement during impact into a dirt and a synthetic surface at 3 impact velocities (1.91, 2.30, 2.63 m/s), 2 impact angles (0°, 20° from vertical), and 2 consecutive impacts (initial, repeat). Surfaces were measured at 3 locations/day for 3 days. The effects of surface type, impact velocity, impact angle and impact number on dynamic surface properties were assessed using analysis of variance.Results:Synthetic surface maximum forces, load rates and stiffnesses were 37–67% of dirt surface values. Surfaces were less stiff with lower impact velocities, angled impacts and initial impacts. The magnitude of differences between dirt and synthetic surfaces increased for repeat impacts and higher impact velocities.Conclusions:The synthetic surface was generally softer than the dirt surface. Greatly increased hardness for repeat impacts corroborates the importance of maintenance. Results at different impact velocities suggest that surface differences will persist at higher impact velocities.Potential relevance:For both surfaces it is clearly important to prevent horse exposure to precompacted surfaces, particularly during high‐speed training when the surface has already been trampled. These data should be useful in coordinating racetrack surface management with racehorse training to prevent injuries.
Is computerized cognitive‐behavioural therapy a treatment option for depression in late‐life? A systematic review
Authors: Crabb Rebecca M. , Cavanagh Kate , Proudfoot Judy , Learmonth Despina , Rafie Samantha , Weingardt Kenneth R. 
Published: May 2012

Objective. Computerized cognitive‐behavioural therapy (CCBT) may enhance older adults’ access to evidence‐based depression treatment. Our objective was to determine the extent to which adults aged 65 years and older are represented in existing studies of CCBT for depression and describe available data on recruitment, retention, and outcomes.Methods. We retrieved all controlled and uncontrolled trials of CCBT for depression published between 2000 and 2010. We obtained data on older adults via the article text or correspondence with authors.Results. Older adults comprised approximately 3% of study participants in reviewed studies. Authors reported that older participants may be less likely than younger adults to drop out, but more likely to experience technical challenges.Conclusions. Older adults are under‐represented in studies of CCBT for depression.Practitioner Points
CCBT may be a means to help older adults gain access to evidence‐based treatment for depression.
According to our systematic review, existing studies of CCBT for depression have included very few older participants. Comments by authors of studies suggest that older adults are at least as likely as younger adults to persist with CCBT programs but may be more likely to require technical support.
Practitioners should be aware that older adults are increasingly using the Internet for health reasons and may also benefit from Internet‐based interventions for depression.
A limitation of our study is the fact that older adults who have participated in trials of CCBT for depression may be more comfortable with computer use than older adults in general.
Using Standardized Nursing Languages in End‐of‐Life Care Plans
Authors: Roecklein Nancy 
Published: May 2012

PURPOSE:  This case study demonstrates the challenges to achieve dignified life closure and a comfortable death for a middle‐aged woman with terminal cancer and her family.DATA SOURCES:  Data were obtained from a patient known through the author's clinical experiences, personal family experiences, and published sources.DATA SYNTHESIS:  The appropriate nursing diagnosis, patient outcomes, and nursing interventions were identified through the use of NANDA‐International, the Nursing Outcomes Classification, and the Nursing Interventions Classification.CONCLUSIONS:  This case study illustrates the appropriate nursing diagnosis, interventions, and outcomes pertinent to an individual with emotional distress at the end of life.IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE:  Employing the NANDA‐International standardized nursing diagnosis, the Nursing Interventions Classification and the Nursing Outcomes Classification provided the needed constructs for considering and improving a dying patient's care in a primary and home setting.
Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum: a Potentially Misidentified and Multiresistant Corynebacterium Species Isolated from Clinical Specimens
Authors: Hinić V. , Lang C. , Weisser M. , Straub C. , Frei R. , Goldenberger D. 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACTCorynebacterium tuberculostearicumis a lipophilic corynebacterium validly characterized in 2004. We provide clinical information on 18 patients from whom this organism was isolated. The majority of the patients were hospitalized and had a history of prolonged treatment with broad-spectrum antimicrobials. In 7 (38.9%) of the 18 cases, the isolates were found to be clinically relevant. The present report also includes detailed data on the biochemical and molecular identification ofC. tuberculostearicum, as well as its identification by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Our data demonstrate that routine biochemical tests do not provide reliable identification ofC. tuberculostearicum. MALDI-TOF MS represents a helpful tool for the identification of this species, since all of the strains matchedC. tuberculostearicumas the first choice and 58.3% (7/12) of the strains processed with the full extraction protocol generated scores of >2.000. Nevertheless, partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing still represents the gold standard for the identification of this species. Due to the challenging identification ofC. tuberculostearicum, we presume that this organism is often misidentified and its clinical relevance is underestimated. The antimicrobial susceptibility profile ofC. tuberculostearicumpresented here reveals that 14 (87.5%) of the 16 strains analyzed exhibited multidrug resistance.
Gene-Based Vaccination with a Mismatched Envelope Protects against Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Nonhuman Primates
Authors: Flatz Lukas , Cheng Cheng , Wang Lingshu , Foulds Kathryn E. , Ko Sung-Youl , Kong Wing-Pui , Roychoudhuri Rahul , Shi Wei , Bao Saran , Todd John-Paul , Asmal Mohammed , Shen Ling , Donaldson Mitzi , Schmidt Stephen D. , Gall Jason G. D. , Pinschewer Daniel D. , Letvin Norman L. , Rao Srinivas , Mascola John R. , Roederer Mario , Nabel Gary J. 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT
The RV144 trial demonstrated that an experimental AIDS vaccine can prevent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in humans. Because of its limited efficacy, further understanding of the mechanisms of preventive AIDS vaccines remains a priority, and nonhuman primate (NHP) models of lentiviral infection provide an opportunity to define immunogens, vectors, and correlates of immunity. In this study, we show that prime-boost vaccination with a mismatched SIV envelope (Env) gene, derived from simian immunodeficiency virus SIVmac239, prevents infection by SIVsmE660 intrarectally. Analysis of different gene-based prime-boost immunization regimens revealed that recombinant adenovirus type 5 (rAd5) prime followed by replication-defective lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (rLCMV) boost elicited robust CD4 and CD8 T-cell and humoral immune responses. This vaccine protected against infection after repetitive mucosal challenge with efficacies of 82% per exposure and 62% cumulatively. No effect was seen on viremia in infected vaccinated monkeys compared to controls. Protection correlated with the presence of neutralizing antibodies to the challenge viruses tested in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. These data indicate that a vaccine expressing a mismatched Env gene alone can prevent SIV infection in NHPs and identifies an immune correlate that may guide immunogen selection and immune monitoring for clinical efficacy trials.