bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Pre-Storage Treatment with Ethanol and CO<sub>2</sub> on Onion Dormancy
Authors: Qadir Altaf , Hashinaga Fumio , Karim Md Rezaul 
Published: March 2009

Onion (Allium cepa L.) cvs. âTazan' and âIyomante' were pre-treated either with ethanol (at a dose of 0.34, 0.68 and 0.91g.kg-1) and stored at 0, 10, 20 and 30ÂºC or with 100% CO2 (for 3.5, 7 and 14 days) and stored at 20ÂºC. Treatment of onion with ethanol delayed rooting, sprouting and reduced decay in both cultivars. Chemical analysis and organoleptic tests showed that the treatments had no adverse effect on the quality of onion. Pre-storage treatment with 100% CO2 for 3.5 and 7 days enhanced rooting and sprouting, while 14-days treatment exhibited a slight inhibitory effect. Key words: Onion, storage, ethanol, CO2 Â doi: 10.3329/jbs.v15i0.2203 J. bio-sci. 15: 55-62, 2007
L'égalité professionnelle entre les hommes et les femmes est-elle soluble dans la diversité ?
Authors: Laufer Jacqueline 
Published: March 2009

Résumé Depuis quelques années, on constate en France et en Europe des progrès dans le domaine de l’égalité professionnelle entre les hommes et les femmes. Parallèlement, un débat s’est développé sur la question de la « diversité », dans la société et dans l’entreprise. De nombreuses entreprises ont affiché une volonté de se mobiliser sur ces questions mais la façon de le faire suggère l’existence d’une certaine incertitude sur la manière d’articuler démarches d’égalité professionnelle et de diversité. Dans cette confrontation entre politiques d’égalité professionnelle et de diversité, plusieurs types d’enjeux apparaissent. En effet, il apparaît que la différence de sexe n’est pas une diversité « comme les autres » et la démultiplication des catégories de la « diversité » peut conduire à une situation où le caractère transversal et universel du principe d’égalité, et notamment de l’égalité entre les sexes, peut perdre de son acuité. Ainsi, plus l’égalité se développe dans le sens d’une prise en compte de la diversité, plus il devient nécessaire d’en rappeler les « exigences » en particulier dans le contexte de l’emploi où, comme nous l’avons souligné, il y a des motifs de s’inquiéter de la « fragilité » du principe d’égalité.
Statistiques ethniques : tabous et boutades
Authors: Meron Monique 
Published: March 2009

Résumé Les tabous statistiques existent depuis toujours mais diffèrent selon les pays et les époques. En France, la polémique autour des statistiques dites « ethniques » est particulièrement intense. Ravivés notamment à l’occasion de la mise en place concrète d’une enquête de l’Ined, « Trajectoires et origines » ( t e o ) sur les parcours de vie des immigrés et enfants d’immigrés, les débats sur cette question ont aussi rebondi face à la loi préparée par le ministre en charge de l’immigration et sont toujours très âpres. D’un côté, on trouve les convaincus du fait que mesurer et identifier les origines permettrait de mettre en évidence les discriminations et de lutter contre les inégalités de traitement liées à ces différences (éventuellement dans une logique d’encouragement à la discrimination positive). De l’autre, ceux qui perçoivent l’identification « ethno-raciale » comme contradictoire avec le principe républicain d’indifférenciation, mettent en avant le risque, en banalisant une vision ethnique de la société, de renforcer les stéréotypes racistes, aux dépens d’une analyse approfondie des inégalités sociales. Les catégories statistiques sont toujours des constructions sociales, particulièrement difficiles lorsqu’il s’agit de critères physiques et personnels aux frontières aussi floues et discutables que l’ethnie et/ou la couleur de peau. Peut-on poser n’importe quelle question dans une enquête statistique ? C’est un peu comme le dilemme des humoristes : peut-on rire de tout ?
La gestion des minorités discréditables : le cas de l'orientation sexuelle
Authors: Falcoz Christophe , Becuwe Audrey 
Published: March 2009

Résumé Cet article cherche à montrer qu’il n’est pas toujours opportun d’opposer les approches égalitaristes et antidiscriminatoires, d’un côté, et les approches anglo-saxonnes plus récentes en France de type « diversity management », de l’autre. Il peut exister pour certaines minorités discréditables (par opposition aux minorités discréditées) à la fois une demande d’égalité des droits au niveau de la société et une aspiration à bénéficier de politiques « inclusives » en entreprise ce que permettent d’illustrer les résultats d’une enquête auprès de 1 413 salarié-e-s gays et lesbiennes. Comme une forte proportion d’entre eux/elles se cache sur le lieu de travail, la question de la discrimination devient secondaire. Il s’agit plutôt pour ces salarié-e-s d’estimer le degré de tolérance vis-à-vis d’orientations sexuelles « non conformes », notamment en ayant une idée du degré d’hétérocentrisme de leur environnement de travail. L’étude montre que ce sont bien plus les politiques de management de la diversité que celles de lutte contre les discriminations qui seraient en mesure d’assurer aux gays et aux lesbiennes qui souhaitent se dévoiler au travail, qu’elles/ils puissent le faire sans risque.
Égalité, diversité et... discriminations multiples
Authors: Lanquetin Marie-Thérèse 
Published: March 2009

Résumé Le principe d’égalité de traitement et de non-discrimination s’est construit, en droit communautaire, tant par la voie de directives que par la jurisprudence de la Cour de Justice des Communautés européennes. Cette question a pris une nouvelle dimension depuis le traité d’Amsterdam de 1997. L’accent est mis désormais sur la lutte contre les discriminations et sur la nécessité de diversifier les acteurs. Cette mobilisation des acteurs se traduit aussi par l émergence du thème de la « diversité », thème qui s’articule avec les règles juridiques anti-discriminatoires mais qui s’affirme comme le thème dominant du débat public. Il a fait l’objet d’une Charte, d’un label, d’un accord national interprofessionnel, lesquels sont plus centrés sur la discrimination « raciale » que sur l’égalité entre hommes et femmes. Ce thème de la « diversité » ne risque t-il pas de reléguer le thème de l’égalité au second plan ? Au-delà de cette évolution, la réflexion s’oriente aujourd’hui, au niveau communautaire sur la notion de discrimination multiple qui concernerait le plus souvent les femmes et qui n’a pas fait l’objet d’études approfondies en France. Ce thème tente d’appréhender les phénomènes discriminatoires non plus sur le fondement d’un seul motif mais, d’une manière plus approfondie, sur « l’intersectionnalité » des motifs.
Recommendation and Students' Authoring in Repositories of Learning Objects: A Case-Based Reasoning Approach
Authors: Gomez-Albarran Mercedes , Jimenez-Diaz Guillermo 
Published: March 2009

This paper presents a Case-Based Reasoning approach for the personalized recommendation and the studentsâ?? authoring tasks in on-line repositories of Learning Objects (LOs).
The recommender combines content-based filtering techniques together with collaborative filtering mechanisms.
Studentsâ?? authoring tasks include the incorporation of ratings of the existing LOs and new LOs, which are peer reviewed.
This approach is going to be applied to a repository with more than 200 programming examples written in different programming languages.
Group membership, group norms, empathy, and young children's intentions to aggress
Authors: Nesdale Drew , Milliner Ella , Duffy Amanda , Griffiths Judith A. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThis study assessed the effect of ingroup norms and empathy on 6 and 9‐year‐old children's (N=161) attitudes and aggressive intentions toward outgroup members. Prior to an intergroup drawing competition against an outgroup, participants' empathy was measured, and they were randomly assigned to a simulated group with a norm of direct or indirect aggression, or no aggression norm. Results indicated participants' attitudes were less positive toward the outgroup vs. the ingroup, and that both direct and indirect aggressive intentions were displayed toward the outgroup. Most importantly, the ingroup was liked less when it had an aggression norm, and the participants' aggressive intentions were not enhanced by the group aggression norm. Empathy was a significant negative predictor of direct but not indirect aggression intentions. Implications for understanding the instigation and inhibition of children's aggression intentions are discussed. Aggr. Behav. 35:244–258, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Preparation of Mg‐Al hydrotalcite by urea method and its catalytic activity for transesterification
Authors: Zeng Hong‐Yan , Deng Xin , Wang Ya‐Ju , Liao Kai‐Bo 
Published: March 2009

AbstractLayered double hydroxides based on the structure (Mg6Al2(OH)16CO3·4H2O) were synthesized by urea hydrolysis method and characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM, and EDS. The results revealed that pH played a crucial role in the Mg‐Al hydrotalcite precipitation by controlling [urea]/[NO] molar ratio in reaction solution at 378 K and the optimized [urea]/[NO] molar ratio was 4.0. The sample calcined at 773 K was used as a solid catalyst for biodiesel synthesis. The catalyst was found to have a high catalytic activity in transesterification of rape oil to methanol with about 94% oil conversion at 338 K for 3 h. The water content of the oil could be kept below 2.0 wt % and free fatty acid content of the oil could be kept below 3.0 mg KOH·g[oil]−1 in order to get the best conversion. So, the solid catalyst was more tolerant to free fatty acid and water in rape oil than homogeneous basic‐catalysts. Moreover, the catalyst could be reused, but catalytic activity decreased on reuse of the catalyst although it remained highly active for the five uses. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2009
Nutritional deficiencies in iron overloaded patients with hemoglobinopathies
Authors: Claster Susan , Wood John C. , Noetzli Leila , Carson Susan M. , Hofstra Thomas C. , Khanna Rachna , Coates Thomas D. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractOne of the hallmarks of both sickle cell disease (SCD) and thalassemia major (TM) is accelerated oxidative damage. Decreased antioxidant levels and increased oxidant stress biomarkers are found in both diseases. Although isolated vitamin deficiencies have been reported in TM and nontransfused SCD patients, a comprehensive evaluation of vitamin and trace mineral levels has never been performed in chronically transfused SCD or TM patients. As vitamins and trace minerals may be consumed as a result of chronic oxidative stress; we hypothesized that levels of these compounds would correlate with surrogates of iron overload, hemolysis, and inflammation in chronically transfused patients. Using a convenience sample of our group of chronically transfused patients we studied 43 patients with SCD (17 male, 26 female) and 24 patients with TM (13 male and 11 female). The age range for our patients varied from 1.5 to 31.4 years. Levels of vitamins A, thiamin, B6, B12, C, D, E as well as selenium, zinc, copper, and ceruloplasmin were measured. We found that 40–75% of the patients were deficient in A, C, D and selenium and 28–38% of the patients had low levels of B vitamins and folate. There was little association with iron overload, hemolysis, or inflammation. Although the precise mechanism of these deficiencies is unclear, they may contribute to the morbidity of chronically transfused hemoglobinopathy patients. Am. J. Hematol., 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Seeing the phantom: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study of a supernumerary phantom limb
Authors: Khateb Asaid , Simon Stéphane R. , Dieguez Sebastian , Lazeyras François , Momjian‐Mayor Isabelle , Blanke Olaf , Landis Theodor , Pegna Alan J. , Annoni Jean‐Marie 
Published: March 2009

AbstractObjectiveSupernumerary phantom limb (SPL) is a rare neurological manifestation where patients with a severe stroke‐induced sensorimotor deficit experience the illusory presence of an extra limb that duplicates a real one. The illusion is most often experienced as a somesthetic phantom, but rarer SPLs may be intentionally triggered or seen. Here, we report the case of a left visual, tactile, and intentional SPL caused by right subcortical damage in a nondeluded woman.MethodsUsing functional magnetic resonance imaging, we investigated the multimodal nature of this phantom, which the patient claimed to be able see, use, and move intentionally. The patient participated in a series of sensorimotor and motor imagery tasks involving the right, the left plegic, and the SPL's hand.ResultsRight premotor and motor regions were engaged when she imagined that she was scratching her left cheek with her left plegic hand, whereas when she performed the same task with the SPL, additional left middle occipital areas were recruited. Moreover, comparison of responses induced by left cheek (subjectively feasible) versus right cheek scratching (reportedly unfeasible movement) with the SPL demonstrated significant activation in right somesthetic areas.InterpretationThese findings demonstrate that intentional movements of a seen and felt SPL activate premotor and motor areas together with visual and sensory cortex, confirming its multimodal dimension and the reliability of the patient's verbal reports. This observation, interpreted for cortical deafferentation/disconnection caused by subcortical brain damage, constitutes a new but theoretically predictable entity among disorders of bodily awareness. Ann Neurol 2009;65:698–705
Sodium imaging intensity increases with time after human ischemic stroke
Authors: Hussain Muhammad S. , Stobbe Robert W. , Bhagat Yusuf A. , Emery Derek , Butcher Kenneth S. , Manawadu Dulka , Rizvi Nasir , Maheshwari Perkash , Scozzafava James , Shuaib Ashfaq , Beaulieu Christian 
Published: March 2009

AbstractObjectiveEstablishing time of onset is important in acute stroke management. Current imaging modalities do not allow determination of stroke onset time. Although correlations between sodium magnetic resonance imaging signal intensity within ischemic lesions and time of onset have been shown in animal models, the relation to onset time has not been established in human stroke. Utilizing high‐quality sodium images, we tested the hypothesis that sodium signal intensity increases with time from symptom onset in human ischemic stroke.MethodsTwenty‐one stroke patients (63 ± 15 years old) were scanned 4 to 104 hours after symptom onset. Follow‐up images were obtained in 10 patients at 23 to 161 hours after onset, yielding a total of 32 time points. A standard stroke imaging protocol was acquired at 1.5 Tesla, followed by sodium magnetic resonance imaging at 4.7 Tesla. Relative sodium signal intensity within each lesion was measured with respect to the contralateral side.ResultsThe sodium image quality was sufficient to visualize each acute lesion (lesion volume range, 1.7–217cm3). Relative sodium signal intensity increased nonlinearly over time after stroke onset. Sodium images acquired within 7 hours (n = 5) demonstrated a relative increase in lesion intensity of 10% or less, whereas the majority beyond 9 hours demonstrated increases of 23% or more, with an eventual leveling at 69 ± 18%.InterpretationIncreases of sodium signal intensity within the ischemic lesion are related to time after stroke onset. Thus, noninvasive imaging of sodium may be a novel metabolic biomarker related to stroke progression. Ann Neurol 2009;66:55–62
Negative fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery imaging identifies acute ischemic stroke at 3 hours or less
Authors: Thomalla Götz , Rossbach Philipp , Rosenkranz Michael , Siemonsen Susanne , Krützelmann Anna , Fiehler Jens , Gerloff Christian 
Published: March 2009

AbstractObjectiveo evaluate the use of fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) imaging as surrogate marker of lesion age within the first 6 hours of ischemic stroke.Methodse analyzed FLAIR and diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) sequences performed within 6 hours of symptom onset in 120 consecutive patients with ischemic stroke with known symptom onset. The visibility of acute ischemic lesions on FLAIR images was judged in two steps (on FLAIR alone and with knowledge of DWI) and compared with DWI.Resultsegative FLAIR in the case of positive DWI allocated ischemic lesions to a time window 3 hours or less with a high specificity (0.93) and a high positive predictive value (0.94), whereas sensitivity (0.48) and negative predictive value (0.43) were low. Lesion visibility on FLAIR images alone (35.6%) and with knowledge of DWI (62.5%) was lower than on DWI (97.1%). The sensitivity of FLAIR increased with increasing time from symptom onset from 27.0/50.0% ≤ 3 hours to 56.7/93.3% after 3 to 6 hours (FLAIR alone/with knowledge of DWI). Multivariate regression analysis spotted longer time from symptom onset and larger size of the ischemic lesion as independent predictors of lesion visibility on FLAIR images.Interpretation“mismatch” between positive DWI and negative FLAIR allows the identification of patients that are highly likely to be within the 3‐hour time window. Within the first 6 hours of stroke, the sensitivity of FLAIR sequences for acute ischemic lesions increases with time from symptom onset elapsing, approximating 100% after 3 to 6 hours. Ann Neurol 2009;65:724–732
Kinetic study of the gasification of an Australian bituminous coal char in carbon dioxide
Authors: Chodankar Chetan R. , Feng Bo , Ran Jingyu , Klimenko A. Y. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractExperimental work was carried out to study the kinetics of the carbon dioxide gasification of a coal char. The coal char was prepared from an Australian bituminous coal by pyrolyzing it at 900 °C in a tube furnace for 9 min in inert environment. The coal char was gasified in a thermo‐gravimetric analyzer (TGA) with a mixture of carbon dioxide and nitrogen. The effects of gasification temperature (800–875 °C) and carbon dioxide concentration (10–80%) were studied. In the present study the reaction rate of the pyrolyzed coal was obtained and interpreted by Random pore model. Copyright © 2009 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Polypropylene nanocomposites prepared with natural and ODTABr‐modified montmorillonite
Authors: İşçi Sevim , Ünlü Cüneyt H. , Atıcı Oya 
Published: March 2009

AbstractIn this study, the main goal is to obtain montmorillonite nanocomposites of polypropylene (PP). To achieve this goal, a two‐phase study was performed. In the first part of the work, organomodified clay (OMMT) was synthesized and characterized. Octadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (ODTABr) cationic surfactant was added to the clay (Na‐activated montmorillonite, MMT) dispersions in different concentrations in the range of 5 × 10−5–1 × 10−2 mol/L. Rheologic, electrokinetic, and spectral analyses indicated that ODTABr has interacted with MMT at optimum conditions when the concentration was 1 × 10−2 mol/L. In the second part, modified (OMMT) and unmodified (MMT) montmorillonite were used to obtain PP nanocomposites (OMMT/PP and MMT/PP, respectively). The nanocomposites were prepared by melt intercalation where the montmorillonite contents were 1 or 5% (w/w) for each case. The thermal analyses showed that the thermal properties of OMMT/PP nanocomposites were better than MMT/PP, and both of them were also better than pure polymer. Increase in the concentration of MMT (or OMMT) decreased the thermal resistance. Based on the IR absorption intensity changes of regularity and conformational bands, it is found that the content of the helical structure of macromolecular chains has increased with increasing concentrations of both MMT and OMMT in the nanocomposites. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Expression and characterization of the PEBP homolog genes from Drosophila
Authors: Rautureau Gilles , Jouvensal Laurence , Vovelle Françoise , Schoentgen Françoise , Locker Daniel , Decoville Martine 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe phosphatidylethanolamine binding proteins (PEBPs) family is evolutionarily conserved and involved in different physiological phenomena. PEBPs were found in many species from bacteria to mammals. Despite numerous studies, PEBPs' biological function and mode of action remain elusive. Based on sequence homology, seven PEBP genes were detected in the Drosophila genome. Only one of them, the odorant binding protein (OBP), has been characterized. To date nothing is known concerning the expression pattern and biological roles of the six other PEBP genes. By RT‐PCR and Western blot analysis, we examined expression of the PEBPs in different tissues and embryos. The 6 PEBPs were differentially expressed. Only one, CG10298, is specific of only one tissue: the testis. Additionally, by comparing in wild type and male‐sterile mutants we show that CG10298 is present only during spermatid differentiation. Furthermore, by comparing structural parameters of the six PEBP proteins with those of human PEBP‐1, we have established that PEBP CG10298 is most closely related to human PEBP. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A case study of the modified Hirsch index hm accounting for multiple coauthors
Authors: Schreiber Michael 
Published: March 2009

AbstractJ.E. Hirsch (2005) introduced the h‐index
to quantify an individual's scientific research output by the largest number h of a scientist's papers, that received at least h citations. This so‐called Hirsch index can be easily modified to take multiple coauthorship into account by counting the papers fractionally according to (the inverse of) the number of authors. I have worked out 26 empirical cases of physicists to illustrate the effect of this modification. Although the correlation between the original and the modified Hirsch index is relatively strong, the arrangement of the datasets is significantly different depending on whether they are put into order according to the values of either the original or the modified index.
Large Entropic Effect in Flexible Crystalline Media for Gas Separation
Authors: Takamizawa Satoshi , Kohbara Masa‐aki , Miyake Ryosuke 
Published: March 2009

AbstractChanging channels: The novel dynamic gas‐separation mechanism is demonstrated by a GC study for a flexible single crystal [Cu2(bza)4(pyz)]n, 1. The single‐crystal host 1, because of its flexibility, can separate various gases by adjusting its channel structure according to the features of the guest gaseous molecules.magnified imageTo develop the application of the adsorption ability of our flexible single‐crystal host [Cu2(bza)4(pyz)]n (1) (bza=benzoate; pyz=pyrazine) possessing a 1D channel, we study the separation ability of a 1 packed column for various organic vapors and inorganic gases. A 1 packed column can detect various organic molecules with sharp signals although steric or nonpolar molecules give broad signals. Interestingly, 1 separates various organic mixtures even if the mixture contains nonpolar molecules. Comparing the separation properties with columns of other separation media, including zeolite, activated carbon, activated alumina, and silica gel, suggests that a 1 packed column separates various gaseous molecules under moderate conditions. Additionally, the eluted order of similar molecules, such as N2/O2 and methanol/ethanol using the 1 packed column is different from the others (zeolite, activated carbon, activated alumina, and silica gel), which suggests a difference in the separation mechanism of 1. From GC measurements, the estimated changes in Gibbs free energy by gas adsorption, under diluted gas conditions, exhibits a large entropy dependence caused by regularity in the generated adsorption state, which enables the dynamic control of gas adsorption selectivity. Therefore, it is suggested that single‐crystal host 1, because of its flexibility, can separate various gases by adjusting its channel structure according to the features of the guest gaseous molecules. This generates active controllability of the adsorption potential in addition to the intrinsic adsorption interaction.