bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of body mass index and gender on coronary arterial attenuation with fixed iodine load per body weight at dual-source CT coronary angiography
Authors: Zhu Xiaomei , Zhu Yinsu , Xu Hai , Tang Lijun , Xu Yi 
Published: July 2012

Background Most of current coronary CT angiography protocols are not adapted to body weight (BW) or cardiac output and no literature about influence of gender on coronary attenuation are reported with administration of a fixed iodine load per BW. Purpose To determine the influence of body mass index (BMI) and gender on coronary arterial attenuation if contrast material dose is linearly adjusted to a patient's BW at dual-source CT coronary angiography (DSCT-CA). Material and Methods A total of 207 consecutive patients (mean age 60.6 years) undergoing DSCT-CA were included. Contrast material (370 mg I/mL) dose calculation was randomly categorized into two groups (Group1: 1.10 mL/kg for men and women; Group 2: men 1.10 mL/kg, women 0.99 mL/kg) and flow rate was calculated as dose was divided by scan time plus 8 s. Mean arterial attenuations between men and women were compared with respect to attenuations of ascending aorta (AA) above coronary ostia, left main coronary artery (LM), proximal segments of right coronary artery (RCA), left anterior descending (LAD), and left circumflex artery (LCX) in two groups, respectively. Attenuations of coronary arteries were correlated with BW and BMI with simple linear regression. Results The mean attenuations of AA, LM, RCA, LAD, and LCX were 407.8 ± 53.6 HU, 412.6 ± 55.4 HU, 411.4 ± 64.3 HU, 399.1 ± 56.7 HU, and 399.1 ± 60.2 HU, respectively, and there were no significant differences between men and women in group 1 (AA, P = 0.571; LM, P = 0.670; RCA, P = 0.737; LAD, P = 0.439, and LCX, P = 0.888). In group 2, the mean attenuations of AA, LM, RCA, LAD, and LCX in men were significantly higher than those in women (AA, P = 0.008; LM, P = 0.025; RCA, P = 0.017; LAD, P = 0.015, and LCX, P = 0.002). Positive linear regression between BW and attenuations of AA (R2 = 0.047, P = 0.02), LM (R2 = 0.036, P = 0.04), RCA (R2 = 0.080, P < 0.01), LAD (R2 = 0.078, P < 0.01), and LCX (R2 = 0.033, P = 0.05) was found in group 1, suggesting that attenuations of coronary arteries increased in heavier patients. Similarly, there was positive linear regression between BMI and attenuations of AA (R2 = 0.117, P < 0.01), LM (R2 = 0.090, P < 0.01), RCA (R2 = 0.138, P < 0.01), LAD (R2 = 0.111, P < 0.01), and LCX (R2 = 0.078, P < 0.01). Conclusion Men and women have similar coronary attenuations with a fixed iodine load per BW. BMI has a positive linear influence on arterial attenuation at DSCT-CA involving injection protocol with dose linearly tailored to BW. Excessive contrast material may inadvertently be given in heavier patients when the dose is determined by BW only. Contrast material dose may need to be tailored individually by BW and BMI.
Virtual non-contrast dual-energy CT compared to single-energy CT of the urinary tract: a prospective study
Authors: Lundin Margareta , Lidén Mats , Magnuson Anders , Mohammed Ahmed Abdulilah , Geijer Håkan , Andersson Torbjörn , Persson Anders 
Published: July 2012

Background Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) has been shown to be useful for subtracting bone or calcium in CT angiography and gives an opportunity to produce a virtual non-contrast-enhanced (VNC) image from a series where contrast agents have been given intravenously. High noise levels and low resolution have previously limited the diagnostic value of the VNC images created with the first generation of DECT. With the recent introduction of a second generation of DECT, there is a possibility of obtaining VNC images with better image quality at hopefully lower radiation dose compared to the previous generation. Purpose To compare the image quality of the single-energy series to a VNC series obtained with a two generations of DECT scanners. CT of the urinary tract was used as a model. Material and Methods Thirty patients referred for evaluation of hematuria were examined with an older system (Somatom Definition) and another 30 patients with a new generation (Somatom Definition Flash). One single-energy series was obtained before and one dual-energy series after administration of intravenous contrast media. We created a VNC series from the contrast-enhanced images. Images were assessed concerning image quality with a visual grading scale evaluation of the VNC series with the single-energy series as gold standard. Results The image quality of the VNC images was rated inferior to the single-energy variant for both scanners, OR 11.5–67.3 for the Definition and OR 2.1–2.8 for the Definition Flash. Visual noise and overall quality were regarded as better with Flash than Definition. Conclusion Image quality of VNC images obtained with the new generation of DECT is still slightly inferior compared to native images. However, the difference is smaller with the new compared to the older system.
Magnetic resonance imaging of radiation-induced brain injury using targeted microparticles of iron oxide
Authors: Zhu Yeqing , Ling You , Zhong Jinglian , Liu Xueguo , Wei Kun , Huang Suiqiao 
Published: July 2012

Background Radiation-induced brain injury (RBI) is the most serious complication of primary and metastatic brain and neck malignant tumors following radiation therapy. However, at present, RBI is difficult to diagnose in the early period. Recently, studies have demonstrated that the early stage of RBI is characterized by an inflammatory reaction, and that intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is significantly up-regulated in the irradiated brain tissues. Purpose To provide an early diagnosis of RBI using molecular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with microparticles of iron oxide (MPIO) targeted to ICAM-1 in the vascular endothelium of brains. Material and Methods A monoclonal antibody against ICAM-1 was conjugated to MPIO to form the targeted MRI contrast agent ICAM-MPIO. The adhesion of ICAM-MPIO to endothelial cells was quantified by optical imaging and MRI. Sprague-Dawley rats were irradiated to establish an animal model of the early period of RBI. ICAM-MPIO and free-MPIO were injected via tail vein, respectively. T2 signal intensity and T2 values of the irradiated brains and normal brains were subsequently evaluated by MRI. Results In vitro, the adhesion of ICAM-MPIO to the activated endothelial cells was 5 ± 0.5-fold greater than to the non-stimulated cells, which could be detected by optical imaging and MRI (R2 = 1.0, P < 0.01). In vivo, ICAM-MPIO caused a marked negative MRI contrast effect in irradiated brains. As compared with brains without irradiation, the specific contrast effect increased more than seven-fold after administration of ICAM-MPIO (F = 751.495, P < 0.05). Conclusion MPIO coated with monoclonal antibody of ICAM-1 could be used for detecting the early period of RBI by optical imaging and MRI.
Clinical Outcomes and Predictors for ESRD and Mortality in Primary GN
Authors: Chou Yu-Hsiang , Lien Yu-Chung , Hu Fu-Chang , Lin Wei-Chou , Kao Chih-Chin , Lai Chun-Fu , Chiang Wen-Chih , Lin Shuei-Liong , Tsai Tun-Jun , Wu Kwan-Dun , Chen Yung-Ming 
Published: July 2012

Summary

Background and objectives
Relatively little is known about the long-term outcomes of different histologic types of primary glomerulonephritis in Asian populations.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
From 1993 to 2006, 987 patients undergoing renal biopsy were studied, and 580 patients (mean age=44.4 years, male=58.5%) with the four most common forms of glomerulonephritis (membranous nephropathy, focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis, IgA nephropathy, and minimal change disease) were selected for analysis. Median follow-up period was 5.9 (interquartile range=5.7) years.

Results
The focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis group displayed the highest incidence of ESRD (25.8%) and the fastest decline of estimated GFR (4.6 ml/min per 1.73 m2 per year). The IgA nephropathy group also had a higher rate of ESRD than the membranous nephropathy patients (19.2% versus 4.3%, P<0.001). In contrast, the membranous nephropathy group exhibited an overall death rate similar to the focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis group (17.2% versus 14.4%) but higher than the IgA nephropathy and minimal change disease patients (4.6% and 3.7%, respectively, P<0.001). The most powerful predictor for ESRD was focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis, whereas the strongest predictor for all-cause mortality was membranous nephropathy with higher proteinuria. Protectors against ESRD included male sex and higher hemoglobin.

Conclusions
Most predictors for ESRD and overall mortality found in this ethnic Chinese cohort were similar to other studies. However, some risk factors linked with distinct glomerular pathologies displayed differential clinical outcomes.
Temporal dynamics of microparticle elevation following subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Sanborn Matthew R. , Thom Stephen R. , Bohman Leif-Erik , Stein Sherman C. , Levine Joshua M. , Milovanova Tatyana , Maloney-Wilensky Eileen , Frangos Suzanne , Kumar Monisha A. 
Published: July 2012

Object
Microparticles (MPs), small membrane fragments shed from various cell types, have been implicated in thrombosis, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction. Their involvement in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and the development of cerebral infarction and clinical deterioration caused by delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) remain ill defined. The authors sought to quantify the magnitude of elevations in MPs, delineate the temporal dynamics of elevation, and analyze the correlation between MPs and DCI in patients with SAH.

Methods
On the day of hemorrhage and on Days 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 after hemorrhage, peripheral blood samples were drawn from 22 patients with SAH. Plasma samples were labeled with Annexin V and CD142, CD41a, CD235a, CD146, CD66b, or von Willebrand factor (vWF) and were quantified by flow cytometry. Clinical data, including the 3-month extended Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS-E) scores, infarction as measured on MRI at 14 days after SAH, and vasospasm as measured by transcranial Doppler ultrasonography and angiography, were collected and compared with the MP burden.

Results
When averaged over time, all MP subtypes were elevated relative to controls. The CD235a+(erythrocyte)−, CD66b+(neutrophil)−, and vWF-associated MPs peaked on the day of hemorrhage and quickly declined. The CD142+(tissue factor [TF])–associated MPs and CD146+(endothelial cell)–associated MPs were significantly elevated throughout the study period. There was a strong negative correlation between TF-expressing and endothelial-derived MPs at Day 1 after SAH and the risk of infarction at Day 14 after SAH.

Conclusions
Microparticles of various subtypes are elevated following SAH; however, the temporal profile of this elevation varies by subtype. Those subtypes closely associated with thrombosis and endothelial dysfunction, for example, CD145+(TF)-associated MPs and CD146+(endothelial cell)–associated MPs, had the most durable response and demonstrated a significant negative correlation with radiographic infarction at 14 days after SAH. Levels of these MPs predict infarction as early as Day 1 post-SAH.
Ectopic recurrent craniopharyngioma of the frontal bone
Authors: Jakobs Martin , Orakcioglu Berk 
Published: July 2012

Ectopic recurrence of craniopharyngioma is a rare phenomenon after transcranial resection of the primary tumor. The authors present a case of ectopic recurrent adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma of the frontal bone resected 16 years after initial transcranial resection of the primary tumor. The lesion was first radiographically described 12 years after surgery and was adjacent to the osteosynthesis plate that had been implanted at the craniotomy site. The recurrent craniopharyngioma was totally resected via a lateral eyebrow approach. No infiltration of the meninges or the brain was detected.
Only 50 cases of ectopic recurrent craniopharyngioma have been described to date, with the present case being the first one with recurrence located at the skull bone. So far 2 mechanisms have been described: contamination with tumor cells alongside the surgical tract and spreading via CSF and the subarachnoid space.
The authors reviewed the literature, provided the largest collection of cases so far, and performed basic statistical analysis regarding ectopic recurrence. Pediatric and adult patients as well as male and female ones are affected equally by this phenomenon. The mean time of ectopic recurrence after initial surgery was 7.1 years. Ectopic recurrence, although rare, should always be considered in a patient with a newly diagnosed intracranial lesion who has undergone transcranial craniopharyngioma resection before.
Hydatid cyst of the ambient cistern radiologically mimicking an arachnoid cyst
Authors: Şanlı Ahmet Metin , Türkoğlu Erhan , Kertmen Hayri , Gürer Bora 
Published: July 2012

Hydatid cysts of the posterior fossa are extremely rare. Intracranial hydatid cysts are more common in children and occur more frequently in the supratentorial space. A 7-year-old boy was admitted to the emergency department because of intense headache, nausea, vomiting, and progressive drowsiness that developed within the period of a week. On radiological examination a round, 2.5 × 2.5-cm cystic lesion appeared in the ambient cistern and caused hydrocephalus as a result of extrinsic aqueductal stenosis. The cyst was successfully removed using the puncture, aspiration, irrigation, and resection technique via an infratentorial-supracerebellar approach with the patient in the sitting position.
The authors here described an unusual case of a hydatid cyst in the left ambient cistern with hydrocephalus due to extrinsic aqueductal stenosis, which seems to be the first such case in the literature. Hydatid cyst may be considered in the differential diagnosis of arachnoid cysts of the quadrigeminal cistern to determine which surgical procedure to perform and to avoid unexpected complications.
An Evaluation of Teaching Physical Examination to Pharmacists
Authors: Barry Arden R. , McCarthy Lisa , Nelson Cindy L. , Pearson Glen J. 
Published: July 2012

Background: Evolving scope of practice has led pharmacists to develop new skills traditionally performed by other members of the health care team, including physical examination (PE). A session to teach PE skills to pharmacists was created as part of a professional development program. The purpose of this study was to evaluate participants' perception of, barriers to and confidence in performing PE before and after the session. Methods: A 2-hour session introduced participants to PE as part of a primary care professional development program. Surveys were administered before and after the session, and then 4 weeks later. Participants' confidence in performing PE was assessed using a 4-point unipolar scale questionnaire, and mean weighted responses were compared between the pre- and post-session surveys. Results: Thirty-four pharmacists participated in the study. At baseline, 82.4% had never received formal PE education, but 38.2% performed PE in practice, including blood pressure measurement. Eighty-two percent of participants identified barriers to performing PE, the most common being lack of formal training. Participants' confidence with PE significantly increased between the pre- and post-session surveys, except for comfort with making drug therapy interventions based on PE findings. Forty-three percent of participants completed the 4-week follow-up survey, which demonstrated that the use of PE in practice remained unchanged. Conclusion: Prior to the session, most participants did not use PE in their practice, primarily due to a lack of formal training. The session significantly improved participants' confidence in PE, but this did not translate into short-term practice change.
The Feminization of the Canadian Pharmacy Workforce: A Gender Analysis of Graduates from a Canadian School of Pharmacy
Authors: Young Stephanie , LeMessurier Jennifer , Mathews Maria 
Published: July 2012

Background: There is limited information available regarding the impact of the feminization of the pharmacy workforce in Canada. Methods: Using data from a cross-sectional mailed survey, we examined gender differences among 289 pharmacists who graduated between 1990 and 2007 from pharmacy school in Newfoundland and Labrador. Results: Of the 114 male and 175 female respondents, a larger proportion of females than males graduated after 2000 (21.1% vs 13.3%), worked part-time (8.6% vs 1.8%), were staff pharmacists (66.3% vs 47.4%), earned $70,000 or less per year (28.0% vs 17.7%) and rated opportunities for job advancement as not important in choosing their current job (22.5% vs 12.3%). Female pharmacists also worked fewer hours than their male counterparts (mean 37.6 vs 41.3 hours). These differences were more pronounced among older female pharmacists (graduated in the 1990s). Conclusion: Gender and age should be considered when predicting an effective supply of pharmacists to meet current and future workforce demands. Can Pharm J 2012;145:186–190.e2.
Retail Policies in the Global Gasoline Market
Authors: Riboldazzi Sabina 
Published: July 2012

The global motor fuel market is dominated by the oil companies (NOC – National Oil Companies and IOC – International Oil Companies) which control the raw material and manage stable alliances designed to monitor the various stages of the fuel supply chain. Where distribution is concerned, the large oil companies are being threatened by the expansion of large retailers which, particularly in certain European countries, now occupy important positions.
Écriture de soi, une injonction réflexive. L’exemple de la Validation des acquis de l’expérience
Authors: Astier Isabelle 
Published: July 2012

La Validation des acquis de l’expérience (VAE), procédure récente de certification, exige des candidats qu’ils écrivent le récit de leur expérience professionnelle. L’article porte sur les écritures de femmes candidates au diplôme d’auxiliaire de vie sociale, produites dans le cadre d’un atelier d’écriture. Malgré l’aspect très contraint de ces écrits, en filigrane, on peut lire autre chose : le travail réflexif mené par ces femmes de très bas niveau de qualification. En participant à cet atelier d’écriture, elles réactivent peu à peu des qualités qui sont transformées en compétences. Écrire son expérience donne, d’une certaine manière, une réalité à ce qui n’était que de l’ordre de l’intimité, du privé. Toute chose qui n’avait donc pas d’apparence pour les autres. Ces femmes « sans qualités » en écrivant leur vie d’aide à domicile se professionnalisent. Leur petite activité besogneuse est arrachée au domaine privé pour être transformée en intervention digne d’intérêt pour la puissance publique.
Transformation sociale et création culturelle
Authors: CASTORIADIS Cornelius 
Published: July 2012

Après avoir constaté que les cultures et les sociétés sont mortelles, l’auteurse demande ce qui, dans le monde social-historique contemporain, est en train demourir, comment et pourquoi il en est ainsi; il cherche aussi à discerner ce qui esten devenir. « Ce qui est en train de naître, péniblement, fragmentairement etcontradictoirement, depuis deux siècles et plus, c'est le projet d'une nouvellesociété, le projet d'autonomie sociale et individuelle ».
L’idée de développement culturel : esquisse pour unepsychanalyse
Authors: DUMONT Fernand 
Published: July 2012

L’auteur discute en profondeur de la notion de développement culturel en seposant les questions suivantes : de quelle culture s’agit-il lorsque l’on parle dedéveloppement culturel? Et pourquoi le développement? C’est parce que l’auteurplaide pour la primauté de la culture dans l’observation sociale qu’il se montretrès critique envers les idées reçues.
Mécanismes de changement dans les formations sociales et formes d’action politique
Authors: HARRÉ Rom 
Published: July 2012

À partir d’une application aux formations sociales des théories évolutionnistes darwinienne et lamarckienne, l’auteur est amené à analyser les conditions de sélection et de mutation qui expliquent le changement social. Ces considérations théoriques le conduiront à une critique du marxisme, de l’histoire et de l’anthropologie débouchant sur de nouvelles formes d’action politique fondées non plus sur la confrontation globale mais sur la création de micro-sociétés alternatives, plus susceptibles de transformer en profondeur la « base morale » des sociétés.
Récits pour construire une mémoire organisationnelle : les directeurs se souviennent
Authors: SYMONS Gladys L. 
Published: July 2012

RESUME
Le but de cet article est d'examiner la mémoire organisationnelle en tant que cas spécifique de mémoire sociale. On analyse le processus de la production de la mémoire organisationnelle d'un service de police (SPCUM). En cette année de son 25e anniversaire, l'organisation bâtit son histoire et fortifie sa culture organisationnelle. À travers les récits des directeurs ainsi que de documents officiels de l'organisation, cet essai examine la façon dont la mémoire alimente la culture organisationnelle. Les récits construisent une mémoire qui renforce les valeurs et la culture de l'organisation ainsi que le rôle de la police dans la société.
The Poetic Translation of Translation: Reflections and Findings
Authors: Orea Tomás Ramos 
Published: July 2012

À partir de sa retraduction de Two Bodies d'Octavio Paz traduit vers l'anglais par Iain Forbes White, l'auteur propose des réflexions sur les problèmes que pose la retraduction de poèmes et souligne la nécessité de conserver ce qu'il appelle la « poéticité » du discours poétique.
Les nouveaux territoires de l’art vidéo
Authors: Uzel Jean-Philippe 
Published: July 2012

En s’appuyant sur la distinction entre espace d’exposition et espace de circulation des oeuvres, l’article met l’accent sur la diffusion internationale de l’art vidéo depuis la fin des années 1990. Alors que la reconnaissance institutionnelle (marché et musée) de cette forme d’art a été étroitement associée à l’installation (Bill Viola, Gary Hill, Douglas Gordon...), la récente multiplication des rencontres et des festivals internationaux a mis sur le devant de la scène les monobandes destinées à la projection en salle. Jumelées à l’arrivée de la vidéo numérique, qui rend très aisée la production et la postproduction d’une bande, ces nouvelles conditions de diffusion offrent aux jeunes artistes un accès quasi immédiat à la scène internationale. Mais comme le montre l’exemple de Pascal Grandmaison — un vidéaste montréalais en début de carrière —, cette internationalisation de la vidéo, loin d’être le signe de la consécration de l’artiste, n’est, paradoxalement, que la première étape de son inscription dans le milieu local de l’art.
Le credo identitaire comme ressource pour l’art ?
Authors: Azam Martine 
Published: July 2012

À travers un siècle de relations entre art et territoire en région Midi-Pyrénées, l’article s’intéresse à la façon dont les acteurs, collectifs et individuels, ont érigé en ressources les notions de territoire et d’identité. Abordée de façon chronologique, la première partie de l’article retrace les périodes au cours desquelles le mouvement régionaliste et les milieux artistiques se sont retrouvés pour porter la revendication d’une identité spécifique. La seconde partie cherche à dépasser les circonstances propres à chacun des moments de l’histoire régionale et dégage les composantes humaines et discursives — les acteurs, le discours identitaire, le « retard » — et les variantes qu’elles enregistrent.