bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bending behavior of segmental precast diaphragm walls using bolted sleeve joints
Authors: Xue Wen , Wang Jing‐Zong , Zheng Yi‐Lin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTo study the bending behavior of segmental precast diaphragm walls using bolted sleeve joints, 2 full size specimens were tested. Both BC and EC specimens were connected using bolts with steel sleeves as positioner. BC specimen was consisted of two fully RC plates while EC specimen had precast holes in the concrete walls for lightweight treatment. Ultimate strengths, deformations, strains and failure modes were obtained from the test results. Finite element models were developed using ABAQUS and verified against the test results. The verified finite element models were used to further analyze the stress state of specimens under different loading. It indicated that the bolted sleeve joint exhibited good bearing capacity and bending stiffness. The lightweight treatment in the concrete part had minor effect and the design requirement could be satisfied.
Modified powder of Corchorus capsularis as a new adsorbent for removal of tetracycline group antibiotic from water
Authors: Trong Le Van , Hang Nguyen Thi Thanh , Huong Ha Thi Thu , Son Le Ngoc , Huy Do Quang , Son Tran Van , Ha Nguyen Thanh , Hang Tran Thi Minh , Trang Hoang Minh , Khai Nguyen Manh 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study prepared a novel adsorbent from Corchorus capsularis modified powder for the removal of the tetracycline group (tetracycline ‐TC, oxytetracycline ‐OTC, chlortetracycline ‐CTC) in aqueous solution. Corchorus capsularis powder was pre‐treated with 15% sodium hydroxide (COC), then reformed by a mixture of 0.15 mol L−1 sodium bisulfide (SB) and 0.2 mol L−1 ammonium peroxydisulfate (APS). This adsorbent was embedded with monoacrylamide (AM) at ratio AM/COC = 1/1 at 60 °C for 2.5 h. After modification with AM (BTA), the surface area of the adsorbents increased from 1.53 to 2.79 m2 g−1, while the pore size of the adsorbents decreased from 36.95 to 11.85 nm. The study also investigated the effects of pH, adsorbent dose and temperature on the adsorptive removal process. Tetracycline concentrations were determined using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). The kinetics and isotherms of adsorption performance were examined using a variety of models, including pseudo‐first‐order kinetic (PFO), pseudo‐second‐order kinetic (PSO), Freundlich, Langmuir, and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherms (DRM). The experimental data fitted very well with the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model. The maximum adsorption bulks of TC, OTC, CTC following Langmuir isotherm model were 1.25, 0.83, 1.43 mg g−1, respectively. The adsorption constants Kp of TC, OTC, and CTC from the Freundlich isotherm model were 15.36, 21.80, and 22.08 mg1−nLng−1, respectively. The mean free energy E (kJ mol−1) of TC, OTC, and CTC from DRM was 4.35, 4.20, and 4.57, respectively. The results indicated that modified Corchorus capsularis powder had significant potential as a new adsorbent material for removing antibiotics from aqueous solutions.
Performance Comparison of Different Vibration Control Strategies
Authors: Miah Mohammad Shamim , Lienhart Werner 
Published: May 2024

AbstractStructural engineers are always struggling with the unpredictable complexities of the extreme vibration due to natural or human induced loads. It is not possible to eliminate the vibration from structures entirely what so ever. Therefore, in order to keep the structures safe and healthy, the vibration needs to be mitigated and that can be done by adopting passive, active or semi-active type control systems. Those aforementioned technologies come with a price, hence, it is not so straightforward to decide which technology should be adopted. The passive vibration systems (e.g. tuned mass damper, base-isolator) can be found both in many old and new structures due to their feasibility and simplicity. On the other hand, many modern structures are adopting active and semi-active control systems (e.g. dampers) as an alternative to achieve better control on structure. Both the active and semi-active control systems are more expensive than passive control systems but they offer better control on structures. In order to understand the discussed issue, herein, a comparative study has been performed to evaluated their performances. A detail comparison among passive, active and semi-active control alternatives have been conducted. The outcome shows that the passive control systems can be suitable where deformations are and the other alternatives would be beneficial where large deformations are expected.
Experimental Study on the Behaviour of Glulam Timber Beams Bonded with Glued-in BFRP Rods
Authors: Jemaa Yaser , Yeboah David , Gkantou Michaela 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe technique known as glued-in rods (GiR) presents an appealing option for effectively connecting structural timber members. The utilization of fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) rods offers additional advantages, such as reduced weight, improved corrosion resistance and lower thermal conductivity. Studies examining the behaviour of GiR connections with Basalt FRP (BFRP) rods are limited, and there is currently a lack of guidance for their fabrication and design. This paper presents an experimental study on the performance of glulam timber beams bonded with glued-in BFRP rods. Epoxy adhesive was used to glue the BFRP rods into the cross-sections of glulam, forming the connections. The experimental programme includes four types of connections, investigating two configurations for the glued-in rods (Designs D1 and D2) and two rod diameters (8 mm and 10 mm). Testing was conducted with four replicates for each connection type, resulting in a total of 16 tests. To assess the moment capacity of connections, a four-point bending set-up with a 2300 mm span, was applied. The response in terms of load-displacement response was monitored and the failure mechanisms were assessed. The predominant observed failure mode was bar pull-out and tensile splitting of timber. D1 connections with 10 mm bars demonstrated superior performance in both moment capacity and maximum displacement at failure.
Experimental Study on the Feasibility of Disassembling and Reusing Lightweight Façade Wall Systems
Authors: Iuorio Ornella , Kitayama Shoma 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper presents experimental investigations into the feasibility of disassembling and reusing exterior lightweight infill walls. The work stems as necessary steps towards the advancement of circular economy principles in future constructions. The experiment employed the single-shear test method commonly used to assess the shear strength of steel connections. The test samples consisted of cold-formed steel plates attached to hot-rolled steel plates, connected by screws. The cold-formed steel plate represents the track, a component of exterior lightweight infill walls, while the hot-rolled steel plate represents the beams of the primary structural frame. In total, twenty-one specimens were made: nine were tested after screwing, nine were tested after unscrewing and re-screwing, and three were tested after unscrewing, re-screwing, unscrewing, and re-screwing. The unscrewing step demonstrates the disassembly of the infill walls, while the re-screwing demonstrates their reuse. The experimental results revealed that the average peak strengths of the samples with different connections exhibited negligible differences. This can be attributed to the interaction between the screws and the connected cold-formed steel and hot-rolled steel plates, a mechanism further discussed in this paper. The test outcomes imply that exterior lightweight infill walls can be disassembled from the primary structural frame’s beams after the infill walls’ service life, and subsequently reused in the construction of other exterior lightweight infill walls. The study also demonstrated that more specimens should be tested to confirm the observation.
Integration of Carbon Emissions Estimates into Climate Resilience Frameworks for Transport Asset Recovery
Authors: Mitoulis Stergios A. , Bompa Dan V. , Argyroudis Sotirios 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study describes a framework for optimizing environmental sustainability, climate resilience, and cost in post-hazard transport asset recovery. Particular focus is given to the environmental impact assessment component and its conceptual integration with resilience metrics. After describing the workflow adopted in the complete framework, the environmental impact modelling assumptions, system boundaries, and life cycle inventories for materials, on-site activities and transportation are detailed. Carbon equivalent emissions are evaluated for various restoration tasks for a bridge subjected to nine flood scenarios and represented through a sustainability index. A baseline environmental impact analysis is initially conducted, considering conventional materials, construction techniques, and procedures for each restoration task. Additional sensitivity studies are carried out to evaluate the influence of low-carbon solutions and task duration on carbon emissions. These are weighted based on the probability of the bridge being in a specific damage state. The results demonstrate that low-carbon solutions can provide carbon savings to varying degrees depending on the hazard intensity. Normalised sustainability, resilience, and cost metrics are combined into a unique global index, which can be adopted to prioritise the recovery of the asset. Suggestions on adopting circularity indicators and waste hierarchy levels into such frameworks are also given.
6D-BIM Applications to Enrich Circular Value Chains and Stakeholder Engagement Within Built Environments
Authors: Kaewunruen Sakdirat , Baniotopoulos Charalampos , Guo Yunlong , Sengsri Pasakorn , Teuffel Patrick , Bajare Diana 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBuilding Information Modelling (BIM) is a digitalisation tool that is widely adopted in construction industry. It is a three-dimensional digital replica of asset(s) such as buildings, which contain architectural information and building details (e.g. dimensions, materials, parts, and components). It has evolved from 2D CAD models (or blueprints) in the past to 3D CAD models embedded with information layers (e.g., construction time sequence or 4D-BIM), resulting in automation in construction. BIM has now been essential in various countries; for example, new UK BIM standards require asset owners to keep and maintain building information. BIM adopts an interoperable concept that can benefit the whole life-cycle assessment (LCA) and circularity of the built environments. Its applications extend to six dimensions (6D) where time sequence, cost and carbon footprint can now be reported in real time. These attributes are essential to stakeholders and critically help reduce any unexpected consumption and waste over the life cycle of a project. This study builds on the development of 6D BIM of an existing building to enrich circular value chains and stakeholder engagement. This paper highlights the development of 6D BIM, and, subsequently, the stakeholder interviews to address challenges, barriers, benefits, and effectiveness of 6D-BIM applications for stakeholder engagements across circular value chains. Snowballing sampling method has been used to identify stakeholder interviews to obtain new insights into the digital valorisation for stakeholder engagement. The outcome of this study will exhibit new insights and practical paradigms for BIM applications in built environments.
Development of Circularity Assessment Indices for Construction Sector: A Critical Review
Authors: Güngör Bengü , Askar Rand , Agibayeva Akmaral , Karaca Ferhat , Bragança Luís 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe efficient assessment of circularity in buildings requires a comprehensive consideration of diverse elements such as material selection, design principles, construction methods, operational effectiveness, and end-of-life management. However, the absence of a consistent methodology poses a significant challenge in circularity assessment, as extant evaluation techniques either offer a broad perspective on circularity or concentrate on specific components. The lack of clarity in the variations and ranges of circularity indicators further hampers the ability to thoroughly evaluate a building’s performance, leading to a preference for a qualitative approach. This study aims to overcome the challenges associated with the development of circularity assessment indices by proposing a generic framework for index generation, providing guidance to tool developers and decision-makers in understanding the rationale behind circularity indices within the building environment literature. To achieve this goal, the study conducts a literature review elucidating common methods employed in developing circularity indicators and indices as well as the aggregation methods encompassing both qualitative and quantitative indicators, emphasizing how their weights are determined and utilized in the aggregation process. This critical review offers insights into current practices, identifies challenges, and fosters a deeper understanding of the inherent complexities in circularity assessment. Ultimately, this study contributes to the advancement of methodologies for evaluating and enhancing circularity in building, addressing a vital aspect of sustainable construction practices.
An Analysis of the Circularity Indicators at the Building Design Level
Authors: Feizollahbeigi Bahar , Mateus Ricardo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe built environment is responsible for around 50% of the total extraction of raw materials and 25% of all waste in the European Union, which comprises numerous materials that still have the potential for reuse and recycling. Due to the planet’s finite reserves, transitioning towards a circular approach in the built environment to achieve sustainability, particularly at the building design stage, is inevitable. At this level, the role of indicators as the primary measurement tools is essential to assess the circularity in the built environment and guide the implementation of circular economy (CE) principles into the design and construction of buildings and infrastructure. This study aims to analyse international and European policies and standards and extract and present the remarkable and relevant existing circularity indicators at the building design level. Subsequently, a categorised list of the most employed indicators to measure building design-level circularity is discussed. To achieve this goal, a bibliographic-analytical approach is used to analyse the prevalence and alignment of several sustainability and circularity criteria in international policies and standards at the building design level. Finally, the indicators are classified into seven categories: Material and Resources, Energy resources, Water resources, Waste Management, Environment, social and economic indicators. In conclusion, suggestions for further research that have the potential to facilitate the design processes of engineers, architects, and stakeholders are presented. The outcomes of this research can significantly contribute to creating a more circular and, consequently, sustainable built environment.
Unlocking the Potential of Material and Building Passports in the Transition to a Circular Economy in Buildings: A Critical Review
Authors: Gómez-Gil Marta , Askar Rand , Karanafti Aikaterina , Trubina Nika , Blázquez Teresa , Güngör Bengü , Bragança Luís , Leindecker Gerald 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe transition towards a Circular Economy (CE) stands as a pivotal strategy in reshaping our prevailing consumption patterns towards more sustainable resource management. Within this context, the European Union places a strong emphasis on elevating recycling and renovation rates while reducing dependence on primary resources, with a particular focus on the construction industry. Material and Building Passports have emerged as potential tools to facilitate this transition. They play a multifaceted role in CE, serving to raise awareness of the building’s performance, functioning as digital repositories of extensive data, and acting as consulting instruments for stakeholders involved in renovation actions, energy management, and building operation. However, a universally accepted definition of these tools remains elusive, and diverse interpretations persist. To contribute to a deeper understanding of these tools, this study embarks on a comprehensive review, tracing their evolutionary journey and delving into the potentialities and synergies they offer in fostering circularity throughout the life cycle of buildings. It also examines the barriers hindering their full-scale development and adoption, including the lack of standardization and legislative measures, financial constraints, issues of stakeholder involvement and responsibility, as well as challenges associated with data accessibility.
Towards Circular Building Key Performance Indicators
Authors: AlJaber Abdulaziz , Martinez-Vazquez Pedro , Baniotopoulos Charalampos 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe concept of circular economy (CE) nowadays garners considerable attention as strategy for resource management and waste reduction. The principles of circular economy have emerged as a promising framework for minimizing environmental impacts while maximizing resource efficiency across the entire life cycle of a building. To effectively assess and monitor the progress towards circularity in buildings, the development and implementation of appropriate key performance indicators (KPIs) are crucial. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of circular economy KPIs in the building sector, aiming at supporting industry professionals, policymakers, and researchers in understanding and implementing effective measurement and evaluation frameworks. The study identified several indicators related to circular buildings and categorized them based on building types and layers. The study findings indicate lack of robustness to comprehensively evaluate the circularity and socio-economic impacts of circular practices that highlight the need for more comprehensive and universally accepted KPIs. Such indicators could guide stakeholders, enabling them to assess progress towards circularity, identify areas for improvement, inform their decisions, and actively promote the transition towards more circular building practices.
Axiomatic Design and Design Structure Matrix for Circular Building Design
Authors: Marchesi Marianna 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe study aims to propose the integration of Axiomatic Design (AD) and Design Structure Matrix (DSM) methods to support the implementation of building reversibility within circular building design (CBD). In CBD, strategies for building reversibility have been formulated, but available tools mainly support design evaluation in the late stages. On the other side, in engineering design, methods to support reversibility in early design stages are available. AD and DSM are two matrix-based product modelling methods that are used in the analysis and modelling of relations in complex systems from the concept design. AD guides the designers in modelling the relationships between functional elements and physical components in a structured manner from the early design stages. DSM provides a method for modelling physical relationships among the physical components and groups them into modules. Despite the potential benefits of using these matrix-based design methods, previous studies on building reversibility within CBD have not yet explored this proposition. The study intends to place the theoretical premises for the application of AD combined with DSM within CBD for building reversibility. The study applies theory-oriented research by exploring, collecting, and evaluating relevant information from different theoretical and practical sources to formulate propositions on building reversibility within CBD. Propositions will be tested in future real-world applications while detecting challenges and limitations to assess effectiveness in supporting building reversibility within CBD.
Resilience Framework for Aged Bridges Subjected to Human-Induced Hazard - Case Study in Ukraine
Authors: Kopiika Nadiia , Mitoulis Stergios-Aristoteles , Ninic Jelena 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBridge structures are key components of transport networks, enabling connections between important centres and regions of countries. Their operability and functionality loss due to long-term deterioration or extreme hazards could cause crucial social and economic impacts. Assessment of bridge resilience against these hazards is needed to predict functionality, optimal management, sustainable development, and decision-making in maintenance and post-conflict restoration measures. Nevertheless, no studies exist to date to optimize resilience metrics for aged bridges subjected to human-induced stressors, considering indirect losses due to disruption of the transport network. This is a capability gap that gave the motivation for this research paper. The study covers functionality-related resilience metrics of damaged bridges, associated with direct losses in terms of repair cost, and socio-economic metrics due to the inoperability of the logistic route. The application of a framework for resilience assessment was illustrated with an example of the case study of the post-conflict restoration of Ukrainian aged bridge structures, which experienced extensive war-induced destruction. This research presents a novel application of resilience framework for assets, subjected to war-induced stressors, considering both direct and indirect losses, and introduces cost and safety-based resilience indexes.
Multi-scalar Business Models for Advancing Circular Economy in Real Estate Development
Authors: Meslec Mihaela , Haase Matthias 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCities face the challenge of addressing urban vacancies due to market volatility, rapid shifts in needs, demand, user preferences, or issues related to financing, planning, or delays in building approvals common in cities like Zürich. The study delves into a transformative shift in the Swiss real estate market, emphasizing the integration of circular economy principles, impact investments, and digitalization. The research approach is mainly descriptive, drawing upon case studies of temporary use urban projects. It incorporates a review coupled with the application of design thinking in the development of a digitalization model. In Zürich, the temporary use of vacant buildings is predominantly as office space showing a limited multi-scalar impact. In contrast, in vacant sites, Nature-based Solutions interventions demonstrated high multi-scalar impacts, enhancing biodiversity, air quality, and resident well-being, and aligning with circular economy principles. Meanwhile, various flexible uses of vacant sites indicated moderate impact, promoting innovation and new business models. A digitalization model is proposed to re-purpose these sites in circular rather than linear economy. The research underscores the importance of temporary, flexible uses on vacant site as platforms for testing new multi-scalar impact investment ideas and establishing the financial profitability of nature-based solutions in urban contexts. The study highlights the potential of temporary urban land use to promote swift urban transformations, balancing financial returns with ecological impacts for advancing circular economy.