bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationships between fish stock changes in the Baltic Sea and the M74 syndrome, a reproductive disorder of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)
Authors: Mikkonen Jaakko , Keinänen Marja , Casini Michele , Pönni Jukka , Vuorinen Pekka J. 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
Mikkonen, J., Keinänen, M., Casini, M., Pönni, J., and Vuorinen, P. J. 2011. Relationships between fish stock changes in the Baltic Sea and the M74 syndrome, a reproductive disorder of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 2134–2144. The M74 syndrome of Baltic salmon (Salmo salar), which appears as increased yolk-sac fry mortality (YSFM), impairs the reproduction of salmon stocks. Changes in the prey stocks of Baltic salmon in its two feeding areas, the southern Baltic Proper (BPr), where sprat (Sprattus sprattus) was the main prey species during the high incidence of M74, and the Bothnian Sea, where herring (Clupea harengus) is the dominant species, were analysed in relation to salmon growth and size and in relation to the incidence of M74. The high condition factor (CF > 1.05) of prespawning salmon predicted high YSFM. From the various stock factors of sprat and herring in the southern BPr, the biomass of sprat had the strongest positive relationships with the CF of prespawning salmon, and the total prey biomass with YSFM. It is concluded that the ample but unbalanced food resources for salmon in the BPr, primarily sprat, induce M74. By reducing the fishing pressure on cod (Gadus morhua) and by more effectively managing the sprat fishery in years when the cod stock is weak, the incidence of the M74 syndrome could be reduced and even prevented.
The ROXY1 C-Terminal L**LL Motif Is Essential for the Interaction with TGA Transcription Factors
Authors: Li Shutian , Gutsche Nora , Zachgo Sabine 
Published: September 2011

AbstractGlutaredoxins (GRXs) are small, ubiquitous, glutathione-dependent oxidoreductases that participate in redox-regulated processes associated with stress responses. Recently, GRXs have been shown to exert crucial functions during flower developmental processes. GRXs modulate their target protein activities by the reduction of protein disulfide bonds or deglutathionylation reactions. The Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) GRX ROXY1 participates in petal primordia initiation and further petal morphogenesis. ROXY1 belongs to a land plant-specific class of GRXs with a CC-type active site motif, deviating from the ubiquitously occurring CPYC and CGFS GRX classes. ROXY1 was previously shown to interact with floral TGA transcription factors in the nucleus, and this interaction is a prerequisite for ROXY1 to exert its activity required for Arabidopsis petal development. Deletion analysis further identified the importance of the ROXY1 C terminus for the ROXY1/TGA protein interactions and for the ROXY1 function in petal development. Here, by dissecting the ROXY1 C terminus, an α-helical L**LL motif immediately adjacent to the ROXY1 C-terminal eight amino acids was identified that is essential for the interaction with TGA transcription factors and crucial for the ROXY1 function in planta. Similar to the α-helical L**LL motifs binding to transcriptional coactivators with liganded nuclear receptors in animals, a hydrophobic face formed by the conserved leucines in the L**LL motif of ROXY1 possibly mediates the interaction with TGA transcription factors. Thus, the α-helical L**LL sequence is a conserved protein-protein interaction motif in both animals and plants. Furthermore, two separate TGA domains were identified by deletion experiments as being essential for mediating TGA protein interactions with ROXYs.
Vascular reconstruction in monolateral dual kidney transplantation with multiple arteries
Authors: Veroux Massimiliano , Giuffrida Giuseppe , Ekser Burcin , Sinagra Nunzia , Giaquinta Alessia , Leonardi Alessandra , Veroux Pierfrancesco 
Published: September 2011

Veroux M, Giuffrida G, Ekser B, Sinagra N, Giaquinta A, Leonardi A, Veroux P. Vascular reconstruction in monolateral dual kidney transplantation with multiple arteries.  Clin Transplant 2011 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399‐0012.2011.01537.x. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  We report the results of monolateral dual kidney transplantation with grafts with multiple arteries. Among the 42 monolateral DKT performed in a seven‐yr period, 12 (28.5%) patients received renal grafts with multiple arteries. In six patients, the accessory arteries were anastomosed end‐to‐side or side‐to‐side on the aortic patch. In six patients, with three or more accessory arteries, a vascular reconstruction with an inferior vena cava patch was performed, before implanting the kidney. There were no intraoperative complications in the entire series, and there were no immediate vascular complications. Vascular reconstruction of kidneys with multiple arteries may be performed safely even in monolateral dual kidney transplantation. Inferior vena cava may be an attractive alternative in vascular reconstruction for kidneys with multiple arteries.
The effect of a screening programme on the outcome of colorectal cancer
Authors: Suttie S. A. , Shaikh I. A. , Amin A. I. , Daniel T. , Yalamarthi S. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractAim  The study aimed to determine whether the introduction of a screening programme for colorectal cancer influenced resection and recurrence rates and prognosis.Method  Details of patients with a biopsy‐confirmed diagnosis of colorectal cancer attending from January 2002 to December 2006 were entered into a prospective database. All were followed to death or the end of the study period (December 2008). Patients with a synchronous cancer were excluded from analysis. A comparison was made between screen and non‐screen detected cancers for survival, disease‐free survival, location of the primary tumour, resection and recurrence rates.Results  In all, 841 [median age 72 (30–101) years; 53% men] patients with colorectal cancer were identified. Of these 68 were screen detected of whom 63 underwent surgery. Screen detected cancers were significantly less advanced at presentation (P = 0.001). There was no significant difference in primary tumour location between screen and non‐screen detected cancers (P = 0.184). Among curative resections, significantly fewer screened compared with non‐screened cancers developed a recurrence [6/59 (10.2%) vs 105/491 (21.4%), P = 0.043]. The mean disease‐free survival for screen and non‐screen detected cancers was 78.3 and 65.0 months (P = 0.010). Overall mean survival was significantly improved for screened (73.8 months) over non‐screened (57.9 months) detected cancers, P = 0.001.Conclusion  Screening for colorectal cancer in this population significantly improved overall cancer‐related and disease‐free survival, possibly as a result of the detection of significantly more early staged cancers.
Hedge Fund Activism and Information Disclosure: the Case of Germany
Authors: Weber Peter , Zimmermann Heinz 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBased on the German regulatory framework, we provide a more detailed picture of the information disclosure process surrounding the announcement of major shareholdings of hedge funds in listed companies. We separate price and volume effects between three event dates: the transaction date when the investor reaches a notification threshold, the announcement date when potential insiders (the target firm and the regulator) receive advance information, and the publication date when the information is officially released to the public. This separation makes it possible to analyse information and price pressure effects in some detail. The paper also documents the extent and nature of delays in hedge funds’ notification behaviour.
Vasoconstrictor and vasodilator responses to tryptamine of rat‐isolated perfused mesentery: comparison with tyramine and β‐phenylethylamine
Authors: Anwar MA , Ford WR , Broadley KJ , Herbert AA 
Published: September 2011

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Tryptamine increases blood pressure by vasoconstriction, but little is known about its actions on the mesentery, in particular the resistance arteries. Tryptamine interacts with trace amine‐associated receptors (TAARs) and because of its structural similarity to 5‐HT, it may also interact with 5‐HT receptors. Our hypothesis is therefore that the rat mesenteric arterial bed will exhibit vasopressor and vasodepressor responses to tryptamine via both 5‐HT and TAARs.EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Tryptamine‐evoked responses were assayed from pressure changes of the rat‐isolated mesenteric vasculature perfused at constant flow rate in the absence and presence of adrenoceptor and 5‐HT receptor antagonists.KEY RESULTS Tryptamine caused dose‐dependent vasoconstriction of the mesenteric arterial bed as increases in perfusion pressure. These were unaffected by the α1‐adrenoceptor antagonist, prazosin, but were attenuated by the non‐selective α‐adrenoceptor antagonist, phentolamine. The 5‐HT2A receptor antagonists, ketanserin and ritanserin, abolished the tryptamine‐induced pressure increases to reveal vasodilator responses in mesenteric beds preconstricted with phenylephrine. These tryptamine‐induced vasodilator responses were unaffected by the 5‐HT7 receptor antagonist, SB269970, but were eliminated by the NOS inhibitor, Nω‐nitro‐L‐arginine methyl ester (L‐NAME). Tyramine and β‐phenylethylamine also caused vasodilatation in pre‐constricted vasculature, which was also abolished by L‐NAME.CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Tryptamine causes vasoconstriction of the mesenteric vasculature via 5‐HT2A receptors, which when inhibited exposed vasorelaxant effects in pre‐constricted tissues. The vasodilatation was independent of 5‐HT2A and 5‐HT7 receptors but like that for tyramine and β‐phenylethylamine was due to NO release. Potency orders suggest TAAR involvement in the vasodilatation by these trace amines.
Evaluation of a Statewide Public Health Nursing Training in Utah
Authors: Prelip Michael , Flores Rachel , Kinsler Janni , Stevenson Audrey M. , Simonsen Sara E. , Sharif Mienah 
Published: September 2011

AbstractPublic health nurses continue to struggle to provide culturally relevant services that focus on the multiple needs of an ethnically diverse population while at the same time providing services to the population at large. This article describes the formative research, implementation, and results of a statewide effort to broaden UtahÆs public health nurses perception about their role and responsibility in addressing and serving the emerging needs of underserved and atrisk populations in Utah. A total of 51% of Utah state and local health department public health nurses participated in the training. There was a statistically significant increase in the mean level of perceived understanding of topic material from pretest to posttest, and 80% of participants reported applying what they learned in the training to their practice. Our experience demonstrates that even with limited resources, it is possible to deliver high quality training to a large proportion of public health nurses practicing in urban, rural, and frontier populations; observe significant results in their comprehension of training material and, most importantly; see application of what they learned in the training to their health care practice.
Areca nut extracts suppress the differentiation and functionality of human monocyte‐derived dendritic cells
Authors: Wang C.‐C. , Chen T.‐Y. , Wu H.‐Y. , Liu T.‐Y. , Jan T.‐R. 
Published: September 2011

Wang C‐C, Chen T‐Y, Wu H‐Y, Liu T‐Y, Jan T‐R. Areca nut extracts suppress the differentiation and functionality of human monocyte‐derived dendritic cells. J Periodont Res 2012; 47: 198–203. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/SBackground and Objective:  Areca quid chewing, a major risk factor contributing to the occurrence of oral cancer and precancer, has been reported to be associated with the severity and high prevalence of periodontal diseases in areca quid chewers. As dendritic cells are critically involved in the regulation of innate and adaptive immunity in oral mucosa, the objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of areca nut extracts (ANE) on the differentiation and reactivity of dendritic cells derived from monocytes.Material and Methods:  Human peripheral blood monocytes were cultured in the presence of granulocyte–monocyte colony‐stimulating factor and interleukin‐4 for 7 d to generate dendritic cells. To examine the effect of ANE on the generation of dendritic cells, the monocytes were exposed to ANE throughout the 7 d culture period. In addition, the effect of ANE on the maturation of monocyte‐derived dendritic cells induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was examined.Results:  Monocytes cultured in granulocyte–monocyte colony‐stimulating factor and interleukin‐4 exhibited a typical phenotype of dendritic cells, as evidenced by the heightened expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)‐DR, CD11c and the co‐stimulatory molecules CD40, CD80 and CD86. Exposure of the monocytes to ANE did not influence the expression of HLA‐DR and CD11c, but markedly attenuated the proportion of CD40‐positive cells and the mean fluorescence intensity of CD86. The expression of co‐stimulatory molecules in LPS‐activated dendritic cells was not affected, whereas the mRNA expression of interleukin‐12 induced by LPS was markedly suppressed by ANE treatment in a concentration‐dependent manner.Conclusion:  These results suggest that ANE exposure interfered with the differentiation of dendritic cells from monocytes. Moreover, the functionality of mature monocyte‐derived dendritic cells was attenuated in the presence of ANE.
Comparing methods of determining insertion length for placing gastric tubes in children 1 month to 17 years of age
Authors: Ellett Marsha L. Cirgin , Cohen Mervyn D. , Perkins Susan M. , Croffie Joseph M. B. , Lane Kathleen A. , Austin Joan K. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractPurpose.  The purpose was to compare three methods of predicting the gastric tube insertion length in children 1 month to 17 years of age: age‐related, height‐based (ARHB); nose‐ear‐xiphoid (NEX); and nose‐ear‐mid‐umbilicus (NEMU).Design and Methods.  The design was a randomized controlled trial. Children were randomly assigned to the ARHB, NEX, or NEMU groups. Tubes placed high were considered to be misplaced.Results.  There were significant differences in percentages of correctly placed tubes, with ARHB and NEMU being more accurate than NEX.Practice Implications.  NEX should no longer be used as a gastric tube insertion‐length predictor. Either ARHB or NEMU should be used.
Is the recall of men who have sex with men (MSM) diagnosed as having bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs) for re-screening a feasible and effective strategy?
Authors: Harte Derval , Mercey Danielle , Jarman Jay , Benn Paul 
Published: September 2011

ObjectivesTo assess the feasibility and outcomes of recalling men who have sex with men (MSM) diagnosed as having a bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI) for re-screening.MethodsThis evaluation was conducted from December 2008 for a 9-month period. MSM diagnosed as having a bacterial STI in that period were offered recall for re-screening 3 months after their diagnosis. Re-screening rates and infection incidence were calculated. Differences in baseline characteristics by re-screening status and factors predictive of infection at re-screening were assessed using the Mann–Whitney test, χ2test and logistic regression.ResultsOf the 337 MSM diagnosed as having a bacterial STI, 301 were offered recall. Of these, 206 (68.4%) re-screened after 3 months, 30 (10%) declined and the remainder did not re-attend despite giving verbal consent. Compared with those not re-screening, those re-screening were less likely to be HIV positive (p=0.001), but there was no difference in baseline risk behaviours. There were 15 diagnoses of bacterial STIs at re-screening (29 per 100 person-year follow-up (pyfu); 95% CI 14.3 to 43.7) and five new HIV diagnoses of whom three had a negative test at baseline, one tested negative 6 months earlier and one never tested. Among those testing at both time points, the HIV incidence was 8.3 per 100 pyfu (95% CI 0.0 to 17.7).ConclusionsThis evaluation demonstrates a ‘recall for re-screening’ strategy is feasible in terms of high re-screening rates and incidence of new infections diagnosed. Experimental evidence is needed to assess cost-effectiveness and whether it achieves its aim of reducing transmission of STIs and HIV.
Failure of Cerebral Hemodynamic Selection in General or of Specific Positron Emission Tomography Methodology?
Authors: Carlson Andrew P. , Yonas Howard , Chang Yue-Fang , Nemoto Edwin M. 
Published: September 2011

Background and Purpose—
The Carotid Occlusion Surgery Study (COSS) was an improvement over the Extracranial–Intracranial Bypass Study, which did not utilize physiological selection. To assess possible reasons for early closure of the COSS trial, we reviewed COSS methods used to identify high-risk patients and compared results with separate quantitative data.

Methods—
Increased oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) by positron emission tomography is a gold standard for ischemia, but the specific thresholds and equivalency of the semiquantitative OEF ratio utilized in COSS and quantitative OEF are at issue.

Results—
The semiquantitative hemispheric OEF ratio used in COSS did not identify the same group of patients as did quantitative OEF using a threshold of 50%.

Conclusions—
The failure of COSS is likely caused by a failure of the semiquantitative, hemispheric OEF ratio method rather than by the selection for bypass based on hemodynamic compromise.
Midterm Results of the Treatment of Cartilage Defects in the Knee Using Alginate Beads Containing Human Mature Allogenic Chondrocytes
Authors: Dhollander Aad A.M. , Verdonk Peter C.M. , Lambrecht Stijn , Verdonk René , Elewaut Dirk , Verbruggen Gust , Almqvist Karl Fredrik 
Published: September 2011

Background: The treatment of chondral lesions is still an important challenge for the orthopaedic surgeon. Attempts have been made to restore cartilage lesions by filling the defects with a temporary biocompatible matrix. Purpose: The authors present their midterm experience with the implantation of alginate beads containing human mature allogenic chondrocytes for the treatment of cartilage lesions in the knee. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A biodegradable, alginate-based biocompatible scaffold containing human mature allogenic chondrocytes was used for the treatment of cartilage lesions in the knee. Twenty-one patients were clinically prospectively evaluated with use of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and a visual analog scale (VAS). The mean follow-up time was 6.3 years (range, 5-8 years). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data were analyzed based on the MOCART (Magnetic Resonance Observation of Cartilage Repair Tissue) system, allowing morphologic assessment of the repair tissue. Magnetic resonance images were taken at 1 year of follow-up and at a mean follow-up of 6.1 years (range, 5-7 years). Results: During the follow-up period, the WOMAC and VAS scores improved significantly. No signs of clinical deterioration or adverse reactions to the alginate beads/allogenic chondrocyte implantation were observed. Four failures occurred during the follow-up period in this study (19.05%). The MOCART scores were moderate and remained stable in time. Conclusion: This investigation provided useful information on the efficacy of the implantation of alginate beads containing human mature allogenic chondrocytes for the treatment of cartilage lesions in the knee. The midterm clinical outcome of the presented technique was satisfactory. However, these results were not confirmed by the MRI findings.
On planar oscillations of a body with a variable mass distribution in an elliptic orbit
Authors: Burov A , Kosenko I 
Published: September 2011

Planar motion of an orbiting body having a variable mass distribution in a central field of gravity is under analysis. Within the so-called ‘satellite approximation’ planar attitude dynamics is reduced to the 3/2-degrees of freedom description by one ODE of second order. The law of the mass distribution variations implying an existence of the special relative equilibria, such that the body is oriented pointing to the attracting centre by the same axis for any value of the orbit eccentricity is indicated. For particular example of an orbiting dumb-bell equipped by a massive cabin, wandering between the ends of the dumb-bell. For this example stability of the equilibria such that the dumb-bell ‘points to’ the attracting centre by one of its ends is studied. The chaoticity of global dynamics is investigated. Two important examples of a vibrating dumb-bell and of a dumb-bell equipped by a cabin wandering between its endpoints are considered. The dynamics of space objects, including moving elements, has been investigated by many authors. These studies usually have been connected with the necessity to estimate the influence of relative motions of moving parts, for example, crew motions [ 1 , 2 ], circulation of liquids [ 3 ], etc. on the attitude dynamics of a spacecraft. The development of projects of large-scale space systems with mobile elements, in particular, of satellite systems with tethered elements and space elevators, has posed problems related to their dynamics. Various aspects of the role of mass distribution even for the simplest orbiting systems, like dumb-bell systems are known since the publications [ 4 – 7 ], etc. The possibility of the sudden loss of stability because of the mass redistribution has been pointed out in reference [ 8 ] (see also references [ 9 – 13 ]). The considered system belongs to the mentioned class of systems and represents by itself one of the simplest systems allowing both analytical and numerical treatment, without supplementary simplifying assumptions such as smallness of the orbital eccentricity. Another set of applied problems is related to orientation keeping of the system for deployment and retrieval of tethered subsatellites as well as for relative cabin motions of space elevators. In particular, the problem of the stabilization/destabilization possibility for the given state of motion due to rapid oscillations of the cabin exists. This could be the subject of another additional investigation.
Computational modelling of laser treatment of plates for increased buckling loads and natural frequencies
Authors: Bilik C , Rammerstorfer F G , Figala G , Buchmayr B 
Published: September 2011

As a special measure in lightweight design, residual stresses can be used for improving the stability and vibration behaviour of thin-walled structures. In contrast to the common practice of inducing proper residual stresses by mechanically caused local plastic deformation, in the present paper it is shown by numerical procedures as well as by experiments how such beneficial residual stresses can be produced by a proper heat treatment using laser. This is shown by simple plate examples, for proof of concept. A finite element approach is combined with algorithms simulating the heat input from laser beams. The analyses comprise investigations of a single laser dot for studying the fundamental behaviour of laser treatment according to the abovementioned aspects, and – for practical applications – continuously moving and intermittently acting beams are considered. Unwanted effects, such as distortions and possible instabilities appearing during the laser treatment, are considered as well, and methods are presented for avoiding them. A number of generic laser tracks as well as patterns of laser dots of different configurations are investigated. Experiments were performed which confirm the potential of laser treatment of plates for improving stability and dynamic behaviour.