bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety and feasibility of 3D‐electroanatomical mapping‐guided zero or near‐zero fluoroscopy catheter ablation for pediatric arrhythmias: Meta‐analysis
Authors: Prana Jagannatha Gusti Ngurah , Antara I. Made Putra Swi , Kosasih Anastasya Maria , Adrian Jonathan , Mendel Brian , Labi Nikita Pratama Toding , Aji Wingga Chrisna , de Liyis Bryan Gervais , Tangkas Made Refika Widya Apsari , Cardia Yosep Made Pius , Alamsyah Alif Hakim 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundCatheter ablation in the pediatric population using fluoroscopy has been known to cause adverse events. This study aims to assess the effectiveness and safety of zero fluoroscopy (ZF) and near‐ZF‐guided catheter ablation for the treatment of arrhythmias in the pediatric population.MethodsThe PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library databases were searched and reviewed for relevant studies. Outcomes of interest include safety, short‐term, and long‐term effectiveness. We classified patients ≤21 years old who underwent ZF or near‐ZF ablation with fluoroscopy time ≤1.5 min as our study group and patients within the same age range who underwent conventional fluoroscopy and/or near‐ZF ablation with a mean fluoroscopy time >1.5 min as our control group. Both ZF and near‐ZF ablation utilized 3D‐electroanatomical mapping (3D‐EAM).ResultsTen studies composed of 2279 patients were included in this study. Total fluoroscopy time (MD –15.93 min, 95% CI (−22.57 – (−9.29), p < .001; I2 = 84%)) and total procedural time (MD –22.06 min, 95% CI (−44.39 – (−0.28), p < .001; I2 = 88%)) were significantly lower in the near‐ZF group. Both ZF and near‐ZF demonstrated a trend towards improved success rates compared to conventional fluoroscopy but did not achieve statistical significance for all subgroup analyses. Ablation in the study group also decreased incidence of complication compared to the control (RR 0.35; 95% CI (0.14–0.90); p = .03; I2 = 0%).ConclusionZF and near‐ZF ablation reduced the overall duration, compares in effectiveness, and shows a superior safety profile compared to control group.
Altered proteome profiles related to visceral adiposity may mediate the favorable effect of green Mediterranean diet: the DIRECT‐PLUS trial
Authors: Zelicha Hila , Kaplan Alon , Yaskolka Meir Anat , Rinott Ehud , Tsaban Gal , Blüher Matthias , Klöting Nora , Ceglarek Uta , Isermann Berend , Stumvoll Michael , Chassidim Yoash , Shelef Ilan , Hu Frank B. , Shai Iris 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study was to explore the effects of a green Mediterranean (green‐MED) diet, which is high in dietary polyphenols and green plant‐based protein and low in red/processed meat, on cardiovascular disease and inflammation‐related circulating proteins and their associations with cardiometabolic risk parameters.MethodsIn the 18‐month weight loss trial Dietary Intervention Randomized Controlled Trial Polyphenols Unprocessed Study (DIRECT‐PLUS), 294 participants with abdominal obesity were randomized to basic healthy dietary guidelines, Mediterranean (MED), or green‐MED diets. Both isocaloric MED diet groups consumed walnuts (28 g/day), and the green‐MED diet group also consumed green tea (3–4 cups/day) and green shakes (Mankai plant shake, 500 mL/day) and avoided red/processed meat. Proteome panels were measured at three time points using Olink CVDII.ResultsAt baseline, a dominant protein cluster was significantly related to higher phenotypic cardiometabolic risk parameters, with the strongest associations attributed to magnetic resonance imaging‐assessed visceral adiposity (false discovery rate of 5%). Overall, after 6 months of intervention, both the MED and green‐MED diets induced improvements in cardiovascular disease and proinflammatory risk proteins (p < 0.05, vs. healthy dietary guidelines), with the green‐MED diet leading to more pronounced beneficial changes, largely driven by dominant proinflammatory proteins (IL‐1 receptor antagonist protein, IL‐16, IL‐18, thrombospondin‐2, leptin, prostasin, galectin‐9, and fibroblast growth factor 21; adjusted for age, sex, and weight loss; p < 0.05). After 18 months, proteomics cluster changes presented the strongest correlations with visceral adiposity reduction.ConclusionsProteomics clusters may enhance our understanding of the favorable effect of a green‐MED diet that is enriched with polyphenols and low in red/processed meat on visceral adiposity and cardiometabolic risk.
Analysis of ginseng rusty root symptoms transcriptome and its pathogenesis directed by reactive oxygen species theory
Authors: Yu Pengcheng , Song Xiaowen , Zhang Wei , Yao Yao , Ren Junling , Wang Liyang , Liu Wenfei , Meng Zhaoping , Meng Xiangcai 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGinseng rusty root symptoms (GRS) is a primary disease of ginseng, which seriously decreases the yield and quality of ginseng and causes enormous losses to ginseng production. GRS prevention and control is still challenging due to its unclear etiology. In this study, the phloem tissue of healthy Panax ginseng (AG), the nonred tissue of the phloem epidermis around the lesion (BG), and the red lesion site tissue of GRS (CG) were extracted for mRNA transcriptomic analysis; 35,958 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified and were associated with multiple stress resistance pathways, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and iron ion binding. Further study showed that the contents of O2•‐, H2O2, and malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly increased in BG and CG tissues. Under anaerobic conditions caused by excessive soil moisture, the overproduction of ROS destroys cell membranes, simultaneously converting Fe2+ to Fe3+ and depositing it in the cell wall, which results in GRS, as evidenced by the success of the GRS induction test.
Phase Noise in Real‐World Twin‐Field Quantum Key Distribution
Authors: Bertaina Gianluca , Clivati Cecilia , Donadello Simone , Liorni Carlo , Meda Alice , Virzì Salvatore , Gramegna Marco , Genovese Marco , Levi Filippo , Calonico Davide , Dispenza Massimiliano , Degiovanni Ivo Pietro 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe impact of noise sources in real‐world implementations of twin‐field quantum key distribution (TF‐QKD) protocols is investigated, focusing on phase noise from photon sources and connecting fibers. This work emphasizes the role of laser quality, network topology, fiber length, arm balance, and detector performance in determining key rates. Remarkably, it reveals that the leading TF‐QKD protocols are similarly affected by phase noise despite different mechanisms. This study demonstrates duty cycle improvements of over a factor of two through narrow‐linewidth lasers and phase‐control techniques, highlighting the potential synergy with high‐precision time and frequency distribution services. Ultrastable lasers, evolving toward integration and miniaturization, offer promising solutions for agile TF‐QKD implementations on existing networks. Properly addressing phase noise and practical constraints allows for consistent key rate predictions, protocol selection, and layout design, crucial for establishing secure long‐haul links for the quantum communication infrastructures under development in several countries.
Empirically exploring the veracity of the new stakeholder perspective in strategy: Documenting workforce rents
Authors: Neckebrouck Jeroen , Kryscynski David 
Published: May 2024

AbstractResearch SummaryWithout compelling empirical proxies for economic profits, we may need to reconsider the decades of empirical research purporting to inform our theories of competitive advantage. The new stakeholder perspective suggests that stakeholders may capture significant shares of the firm's economic profits that should be incorporated into these proxies. In this article, we propose a novel empirical approach to measuring stakeholder rents and then apply our approach to measure workforce rents across the population of all Belgian firms employing workers from 2008 to 2016. Our results demonstrate substantial variance in workforce rents among firms, with some firms allowing most of the economic profits they generate to flow to the workforce. We discuss the implications of our findings in detail and lay out a pathway for future research.Managerial SummaryThis article examines the extent to which companies pay their workforces above (below) what the labor market demands as a way of exploring how much of the company's economic profits go to stakeholders other than shareholders. We demonstrate a wide range of over (under) payments to workforces in a large sample of Belgian firms from 2008 to 2016. One of the important contributions of our paper is developing a method to determine over (under) payments for the workforce, but our method can also be applied to other stakeholders. We hope our work provides an empirical approach for others to explore how stakeholders capture portions of the economic profits that companies create.
A review on models, products and techniques for evapotranspiration measurement, estimation, and validation
Authors: Bariş Mesut , Tombul Mustafa 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this review study, the major available methods for measurement and estimation of evapotranspiration (ET) are discussed briefly while explaining the latest developments. The best available validation methods are also reviewed and explained. It highlights the importance of accurate ET quantification in managing water resources, evaluating climate change impacts, and supporting crop water requirement management. Measurement methods such as scintillometry, lysimetry, and the eddy covariance (EC) flux method are presented. Additionally, hydrological models are discussed as estimation approaches for actual and potential ET. The paper explores various ET estimation products, particularly those based on remote sensing techniques. Specifically, methods like Mapping EvapoTranspiration at high Resolution with Internalized Calibration (METRIC), Simplified Surface Energy Balance Operational (SSEBop ET), Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MOD16), Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL), Global Land Surface Evaporation: Amsterdam Methodology (GLEAM), Satellite Application Facility on Land Surface Analysis (LSA‐SAF), and Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS) are described. The integration of machine learning (ML) with EC and remote sensing is investigated, with a comprehensive discussion of different ML approaches. Validation methods including the EC method, water balance method‐derived ET (WBET), and statistical techniques are explained. Overall, this review paper provides a comprehensive overview of ET quantification, covering measurement techniques, estimation approaches, remote sensing methods, and the integration of ML. The insights gained from this review contribute to a profound knowledge of ET dynamics and helps those sectors dealing with drought monitoring, water resource management and climate change assessments.
Introduction: Community Energy and Sustainable Energy Transitions
Authors: Castán Broto Vanesa 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis chapter introduces the book on Community Energy and Sustainable Energy Transitions in Ethiopia, Malawi, and Mozambique. The book is the result of an interdisciplinary collaboration between an international team of scholars brought together thanks to research funds from the UK’s Global Challenges Research Fund. The Introduction argues the need for a perspective from these three countries as a means to challenge existing assumptions about the development of community energy projects and their value for accelerating the transition to sustainable energy. The aim is to develop a postcolonial perspective on community energy that emerges from practical experiences on the ground and the challenges raised by those experiences. The chapter concludes with an overview of the book and a call to consider community energy as an inherently diverse phenomenon.
Energy Literacy for the Energy Transition: Forming the Next Generation of Energy Practitioners in Ethiopia
Authors: Bekele Getachew , Lake Adugnaw , Habtu Dawit , Assefa Amare 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDelivering the energy transition depends on multiple actions in policy and regulation, project delivery, and project operation that require multiple skills. To what extent is current energy education serving the demands of a rapidly changing sector? This chapter adopts the energy literacy framework to examine the energy education landscape in Ethiopia and its suitability to the current demands of the transition to sustainable energy. The energy literacy framework highlights that while energy education has, in general, focused on developing technical and economic skills for the management of energy systems, a changing landscape also requires community and political literacy.Empirical research conducted in Ethiopia examined first policymakers’ perspectives on the skills needed to deliver the energy transition. Second, the research analysed energy-related programmes offered in higher education, looking into the historical development of the Institutes of Technology in Ethiopia. Third, the research conducted a survey with higher education leavers to examine how they have adapted their education to their professional practice. The research reveals a significant gap in social sciences perspectives on energy, compounded by educational programmes that prioritise theory over practice. A concerted reform within the educational sector is needed to ensure professionals acquire the skills to lead the energy transition in Ethiopia.
Pioneering Community Energy for Development in Malawi
Authors: Hara Christopher , Gogoda Chrispin , Chitawo Maxon L. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCommunity energy projects are increasingly common in Malawi to provide energy access in a country with the lowest electricity access rates in the world. However, they face challenges, some of which only become apparent during the process of implementation. This chapter asks what the lessons from the combined experiences of different implementing community energy projects in different locations in Malawi are.The research took a comparative approach using primary data from five field visits to community energy sites in the districts Rumphi, Mchinji, Dedza, Mulanje and Nsanje and a literature review including project documents. The analysis shows that community energy projects have a net positive impact on communities, but they face challenges related to dealing with an inadequate regulatory system, facilitating community participation and leadership and managing unexpected events. The recommendation is to provide long-life and ad hoc support to these projects, for example, via government subsidies.
Potentially Polluting Wrecks: An Introduction
Authors: Brennan Michael L. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractShipwrecks lie hidden below the surface of the water and, especially those in deep water, are out of sight and easily ignored. Many of these wrecks from the modern era either contain or are suspected to contain hazardous materials that are within the metal hulls which have the potential to cause an environmental disaster should they leak or spill. A potentially polluting wreck (PPW) is a shipwreck containing a cargo or a large volume of its own fuel that remains within the wreck and has the potential to cause an environmental hazard should the structure become compromised and either leak or catastrophically release. This book addresses those wrecks with the potential to pollute due to petroleum cargoes or bunkers. While unexploded ordnance and munitions also represent both a hazard and toxic substance, addressing this type of cargo and threat is different than for petroleum cargos and would need its own volume on the subject. According to the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN), ‘marine pollution from sunken vessels is predicted to reach its highest level this decade, with over 8,500 shipwrecks at risk of leaking approximately 6 billion gallons of oil’ (IUCN, 2023). They contain hazardous materials including chemicals, unexploded ordinances, and an estimated six billion gallons of heavy fuel oil. ‘This is 545 times more oil than the Exxon Valdez leak in 1989 and 30 times that of the Deepwater Horizon spill in 2010, both of which had severe and long-lasting environmental consequences’ (IUCN, 2023). Many of the wrecks identified as PPWs are those sunk during the two world wars, particularly oil tankers, but also include freighters, as well as ships from parts of the twentieth century that foundered in storms.
Assessment Methodologies for Potentially Polluting Wrecks: The Need for a Common Approach
Authors: Lawrence Mark , Leather Stuart , Burnay Simon 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThere are believed to be more than 8500 Potentially Polluting Wrecks (PPW) lying on the seabed around the world, including many oil tankers, which potentially still contain very large quantities of oil. With many of these wrecks having been submerged for nearly 80 years (and sometimes more), the condition of their hulls is continuing to deteriorate, which combined with the increase in the frequency of severe weather events, means that the risk of significant pollution is increasing, particularly for wrecks in shallower waters.
Im Brennpunkt der Wirtschaftspolitik: Innovation, Globalisierung und Klimawandel
Authors: Keuschnigg Christian 
Published: May 2024

ZusammenfassungGlobalisierung, Innovation und Klimawandel treiben den wirtschaftlichen Wandel voran. Der Aufstieg Chinas pflügt die Weltwirtschaft um. Der Strukturwandel zwingt Familien und Unternehmen, sich ständig neu anzupassen. Rezessionen und Finanzkrisen gefährden den erreichten Wohlstand. Welche neuen Herausforderungen ergeben sich für die Wirtschaftspolitik? Wie kann die Politik die Voraussetzungen für nachhaltiges Wachstum in einer sich rasch ändernden Wirtschaft verbessern? Wer sind die Gewinner und Verlierer? Was kann die Politik tun, damit nicht nur wenige, sondern möglichst viele vom wirtschaftlichen Wandel profitieren?
Wie erfolgreich investiert China im Ausland?
Authors: Hartmann Björn 
Published: May 2024

ZusammenfassungChina ist ein Land der jungen Sparer und bildet riesige Finanzvermögen. Der Aufstieg Chinas auf den internationalen Finanzmärkten ist vorprogrammiert. Ein Land kann viel gewinnen, indem es sein Finanzvermögen breit streut und mit dem Ertrag aus Auslandsinvestitionen die Ertragsschwankungen im Inland teilweise ausgleicht. Die Investoren müssen beides im Blick haben, Ertrag und Risiko. Doch wie erfolgreich sind die chinesischen Auslandsinvestitionen? Welche Anlagemotive treiben die Investitionsentscheidungen? Gelingt es, mit Auslandsinvestitionen das Anlagerisiko der heimischen Sparer zu reduzieren? Kann chinesisches Anlagekapital im Ausland eine höhere Rendite erzielen als daheim?
Mit Innovation den Klimawandel meistern
Authors: Stromeyer Cara 
Published: May 2024

ZusammenfassungDer Klimawandel hält Politik und Wirtschaft auf Trab. Kann mehr Innovation die Lösung sein? Innovation soll die Emissionen stark reduzieren und das Wachstum in eine Umwelt schonende Richtung lenken. Aber es ist schwer, die Richtung der Innovation zu ändern und das gesammelte Knowhow der Vergangenheit in grossen Teilen abzuschreiben. Um diese Trägheit zu überwinden und einen nachhaltigen Paradigmenwechsel einzuleiten, braucht es anfänglich kräftige Massnahmen: nicht nur hohe CO2 Steuern und Preise für den Emissionshandel, sondern auch starke Investitionen in die Grundlagenforschung und in private F&E-Förderung grüner Technologien.
Altes nutzen oder Neues erfinden? Wie Firmen sich dem Emissionshandel anpassen
Authors: Stromeyer Cara 
Published: May 2024

ZusammenfassungUm die schlimmsten Folgen des Klimawandels abzuwenden, müssen die CO2 Emissionen rasch auf Netto-Null sinken. Wie wirksam ist das Emissionshandelssystem der EU? CO2 Steuern und die Preise für Emissionsrechte geben der Umwelt einen Preis und machen Emissionen kostspielig. Die Firmen können Altes nutzen oder Neues erfinden. Der Einsatz existierender Technologien verspricht schnelle, aber begrenzte Erfolge. Neue Innovationen dauern länger, aber wirken umso nachhaltiger. Die Forschungsarbeit zeigt, wie die Einführung des Emissionshandels in der EU die grünen Innovationen beflügelt. Das senkt die Kosten für die Eindämmung der Emissionen und steigert die Chance, ehrgeizige Klimaziele zu erreichen.
Evaluating possible ‘next day’ impairment in insomnia patients administered an oral medicinal cannabis product by night: a pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Suraev Anastasia , McCartney Danielle , Marshall Nathaniel S. , Irwin Christopher , Vandrey Ryan , Grunstein Ronald R. , D’Rozario Angela L. , Gordon Christopher , Bartlett Delwyn , Hoyos Camilla M. , McGregor Iain S. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCannabis and its major constituents, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), are being widely used to treat sleep disturbances. However, THC can cause acute cognitive and psychomotor impairment and there are concerns that driving and workplace safety might be compromised the day after evening use. Here, we examined possible ‘next day’ impairment following evening administration of a typical medicinal cannabis oil in adults with insomnia disorder, compared to matched placebo. This paper describes the secondary outcomes of a larger study investigating the effects of THC/CBD on insomnia disorder. Twenty adults [16 female; mean (SD) age, 46.1 (8.6) y] with physician-diagnosed insomnia who infrequently use cannabis completed two 24 h in-laboratory visits involving acute oral administration of combined 10 mg THC and 200 mg CBD (‘THC/CBD’) or placebo in a randomised, double-blind, crossover trial design. Outcome measures included ‘next day’ (≥9 h post-treatment) performance on cognitive and psychomotor function tasks, simulated driving performance, subjective drug effects, and mood. We found no differences in ‘next day’ performance on 27 out of 28 tests of cognitive and psychomotor function and simulated driving performance relative to placebo. THC/CBD produced a small decrease (-1.4%, p=.016, d=-0.6) in accuracy on the Stroop-Colour Task (easy/congruent) but not the Stroop-Word Task (hard/incongruent). THC/CBD also produced a small increase (+8.6, p=.042, d=0.3) in self-ratings of Sedated at 10 h post-treatment, but with no accompanying changes in subjective ratings of Alert or Sleepy (p’s>0.05). In conclusion, we found a lack of notable ‘next day’ impairment to cognitive and psychomotor function and simulated driving performance following evening use of 10 mg oral THC, in combination with 200 mg CBD, in an insomnia population who infrequently use cannabis.