bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Primary lymphedema with coarctation of the aorta: Possible new syndrome or variant of Irons–Bianchi syndrome?
Authors: Ferguson John S. , Gunatheesan Shymalar , Brice Glen , Hastings Rob , Newbury‐Ecob Ruth , Mortimer Peter S. , Mansour Sahar 
Published: September 2011

AbstractWe present a boy with congenital lymphedema, a congenital heart defect (coarctation of the aorta), and mild dysmorphic features. Clinical impression and targeted investigations ruled out Noonan syndrome and Milroy syndrome, but it was not clear whether or not he had Irons–Bianchi syndrome. We discuss the genomic and lymphoscintigraphy evaluation of this case, and review whether the small number of current case reports represent the original Irons–Bianchi syndrome or variants. We anticipate that ongoing molecular investigations such as Next Generation Sequencing will delineate a currently clinically defined phenotypic spectrum. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Temperature evaluated by ultrasonic technique during mixing process
Authors: Cheng Chin‐Chi , Lu Chi‐Huang 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTTemperature in internal mixer has been evaluated by ultrasonic measurements during the mixing process of low density polyethylene (LDPE) pellets with CaCO3 powder. The melting process of LDPE from solid pellets to polymer melt and the mixing progress of melted LDPE with CaCO3 powder were diagnosed by temperature and ultrasonic signatures on‐line. The improved factor analysis was utilized to evaluate the relationship between temperature and ultrasonic parameters and rebuilt the temperature. The estimated temperature value had an agreement with the raw data within 4%. The presented ultrasonic technique and evaluating methodology might be an optional approach to diagnose the mixing process of polymer with powder in the internal mixer and evaluate the temperature on‐line. © 2011 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis of operation conditions for a pilot‐scale supercritical CO2 extraction of diterpenoid from Pteris semipinnata L.
Authors: Lu Yingnian , Zhu Baozhang , Wu Kefeng , Gou Zhanping , Li Li , Chen George G , Cui Liao , Liang Nianci 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTA pilot‐scale supercritical CO2 extraction process with extraction volume of 20 L was established with which the antitumor diterpenoid, ent‐11α‐hydroxy‐15‐oxo‐kaur‐16‐en‐19‐oic‐acid, was extracted from the medicinal herb Pteris semipinnata L. The experiments showed that many factors had great impacts on yields of the diterpenoid, such as extraction temperature, pressure, fluid flow rate, extraction time and modifier. For the extraction process of the diterpenoid from Pteris semipinnata L, the optimum operation conditions were as follows: extraction temperature of 55 °C, extraction pressure of 30 MPa, supercritical CO2 flow rate of 160 kg/h, extraction time of 4 h, and 10% ethanol as the modifier. Under such a condition, the diterpenoid was almost completely extracted from the material, and the yield was approximately 0.504 g/kg dry herb by high‐performance liquid chromatography analysis. The yield was approximately 2.8‐fold more than that of the normal solvent extraction. The experimental results demonstrate that the supercritical CO2 extraction process is rapid, highly efficient and with less consumption of organic solvents. © 2011 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of spatial confinement and selective distribution of CB particles on the crystallization behavior of polypropylene
Authors: Li Lan‐Peng , Wei Jia‐Li , Yin Bo , Yang Ming‐Bo 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe effects of selective distribution of carbon black (CB) particles and spatial confinement on the crystallization behavior of isotactic polypropylene (iPP)/Polystyrene (PS)/CB composite were studied. The crystallization behaviors and the morphologies of the composite were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarized light microscope (PLM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicated the typical cocontinuous structure appeared in PP/PS/CB (55/45/1) composite, and CB particles are distributed in PS phase, which follows the theory of interfacial tension. Compared with PP/CB composite, the nucleation effect of CB particles on the crystallization process of PP in PP/PS/CB was greatly weakened by selective distribution. Moreover, the morphologies of cocontinuous structure, which means that the crystallization process of PP had to take place in the micron‐scale spatial confinement formed by continuous PS phase, greatly influenced the crystallization behavior of PP in PP/PS/CB composite. The spherulite radial growth rate of PP in spatial confinement was lower than that of neat PP during isothermal crystallization processes, and the results of the total crystallization activation energy (ΔE) and the nucleation parameter (Kt) implied that in comparison to neat PP, the activation energy of PP chain segments arranged into crystal was higher in composite with cocontinuous structure. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Mixing efficiency in co‐rotating batch mixer for preparation of NR/EPDM blends
Authors: Chaisuriyathepkul Anont , Suchiva Krisda , Sae‐oui Pongdhorn , Sirisinha Chakrit 
Published: September 2011

AbstractAn in‐house developed co‐rotating batch mixer was used to prepare the blends of natural rubber (NR) and ethylene‐propylene‐diene terpolymer (EPDM) in the present work. Phase morphology and magnitude of dispersive mixing efficiency offered by the in‐house developed co‐rotating batch mixer and a conventional counter‐rotating batch mixer were compared. It has been found that the co‐rotating batch mixer equipped with the MX2 rotor configuration could improve the dispersive mixing efficiency of NR/EPDM blends considerably. A poor state‐of‐mix in blends, particularly at high fill factor, could be overcome by the utilization of MX2 rotor configuration where the extensional flow is probably facilitated in the converging zones. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Explaining spatial variability in stream habitats using both natural and management‐influenced landscape predictors
Authors: Anlauf K. J. , Jensen D. W. , Burnett K. M. , Steel E. A. , Christiansen K. , Firman J. C. , Feist B. E. , Larsen D. P. 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACT

The distribution and composition of in‐stream habitats are reflections of landscape scale geomorphic and climatic controls. Correspondingly, Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) are largely adapted to and constrained by the quality and complexity of those in‐stream habitat conditions. The degree to which lands have been fragmented and managed can disrupt these patterns and affect overall habitat availability and quality.
Eleven in‐stream habitat features were modelled as a function of landscape composition. In total, 121 stream reaches within coastal catchments of Oregon were modelled. For each habitat feature, three linear regression models were applied in sequence; final models were composed of the immutable and management‐influenced landscape predictors that best described the variability in stream habitat.
Immutable landscape predictors considered proxies for stream power described the majority of the variability seen in stream habitat features. Management‐influenced landscape predictors, describing the additional human impacts beyond that which was inherently entwined with the immutable predictors, explained a sizeable proportion of variability. The largest response was seen in wood volume and pool frequency.

By using a sequential linear regression analysis, management‐influenced factors could be segregated from natural gradients to identify those stream habitat features that may be more sensitive to land‐use pressures. These results contribute to the progressing notion that the conservation of freshwater resources is best accomplished by investigating and managing stream systems from a landscape perspective.
Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Photodissociation Dynamics of Benzaldehyde (C6H5CHO) at 266, 248, and 193 nm
Authors: Bagchi Arnab , Huang Yu‐Hsuan , Xu Z. F. , Raghunath P. , Lee Yuan T. , Ni Chi‐Kung , Lin M. C. , Lee Yuan‐Pern 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe photodissociation of gaseous benzaldehyde (C6H5CHO) at 193, 248, and 266 nm using multimass ion imaging and step‐scan time‐resolved Fourier‐transform infrared emission techniques is investigated. We also characterize the potential energies with the CCSD(T)/6‐311+G(3df,2p) method and predict the branching ratios for various channels of dissociation. Upon photolysis at 248 and 266 nm, two major channels for formation of HCO and CO, with relative branching of 0.37:0.63 and 0.20:0.80, respectively, are observed. The C6H5+HCO channel has two components with large and small recoil velocities; the rapid component with average translational energy of approximately 25 kJ mol−1dominates. The C6H6+CO channel has a similar distribution of translational energy for these two components. IR emission from internally excited C6H5CHO,ν3(v=1) of HCO, and levelsv≤2,J≤43 of CO are observed; the latter has an average rotational energy of approximately 13 kJ mol−1and vibrational energy of approximately 6 kJ mol−1. Upon photolysis at 193 nm, similar distributions of energy are observed, except that the C6H5+HCO channel becomes the only major channel with a branching ratio of 0.82±0.10 and an increased proportion of the slow component; IR emission from levelsν1(v=1) andν3(v=1 and 2) of HCO andv≤2,J≤43 of CO are observed; the latter has an average energy similar to that observed in photolysis at 248 nm. The observed product yields at different dissociation energies are compared to statistical‐theory predicted results based on the computed singlet and triplet potential‐energy surfaces.
Integrated model for denosumab and ibandronate pharmacodynamics in postmenopausal women
Authors: Marathe Dhananjay D. , Marathe Anshu , Mager Donald E. 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTThis study aims to characterize the pharmacodynamic properties of denosumab, a RANK ligand inhibitor, and ibandronate, a bisphosphonate, using an integrated bone homeostasis model in postmenopausal women. Mean temporal profiles of denosumab, serum and urine N‐telopeptide (sNTX, uNTX), lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) following denosumab administration, and urine C‐telopeptide (uCTX) and lumbar spine BMD upon ibandronate administration were extracted from the literature. A mechanistic model was developed that integrates denosumab pharmacokinetics with binding to RANK ligand and ibandronate inhibition of osteoclast precursor differentiation to active osteoclasts (AOC). Biomarker concentrations were linked to the AOC pool. The BMD was characterized by a turnover model with stimulation of bone formation and degradation by AOB (active osteoblasts) and AOC pools. The estimated basal sNTX, uNTX and uCTX concentrations were 7.24 nm, 14.4 nmol/mmolCr and 31 µg/mmolCr. The BMD degradation rate was 0.00161 day‐1 with stimulation constants associated with AOB and AOC of 1214 and 790 pm‐1. The plasma ibandronate concentration producing 50% of maximum inhibition of osteoclast differentiation was 522 ng/l. The integrated model, which incorporates multiple pathways of therapeutic intervention, quantitatively describes changes in clinical biomarkers of bone turnover and BMD after denosumab and ibandronate exposures in postmenopausal women. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Beta2‐agonists use during pregnancy and the risk of congenital malformations
Authors: Eltonsy Sherif , Forget Amélie , Blais Lucie 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBACKGROUNDTreatment of asthma symptoms during pregnancy is crucial for maternal and fetal health. Short‐acting beta2‐agonists (SABA) are frequently used as rescue medications and long‐acting beta2‐agonists (LABA) are used as add‐on controller therapy for asthma during pregnancy.OBJECTIVEThe objective of this study was to investigate the association between exposure to SABA and LABA in the first trimester of pregnancy and the risk of congenital malformations among women with asthma.METHODSA cohort of pregnancies from women with asthma was formed through linkage of three administrative databases from Québec, Canada. The primary outcomes were major and any congenital malformations. The primary exposures were exposure to SABA and LABA during the first trimester, while secondary exposure was weekly SABA doses. The associations between congenital malformations (any, major, and specific) and SABA and LABA exposure were assessed with generalized estimating equations models.RESULTSFrom a group of 13,117 pregnancies, we identified 1242 and 762 infants with any (9.5%) and major (5.8%) congenital malformations, respectively. The adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval [CI]) for any malformations associated with the use of SABA and LABA were 1.04 (95% CI, 0.92–1.17) and 1.37 (95% CI, 0.92–2.17), respectively. The corresponding figures were 0.93 (95% CI, 0.80–1.08) and 1.31 (95% CI, 0.74–2.31) for major malformations. Significant increased risks of major “cardiac” and major “other and unspecified” congenital malformations were observed with LABA use.CONCLUSIONOur study supports the evidence of SABA safety during pregnancy, but more research is required to assess whether the increased risk of malformations among LABA users is due to the medication, bias by asthma severity, or chance alone. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Knowledge transfer and translation: Examining how teratogen information is disseminated
Authors: Shahin Ilan , Einarson Adrienne 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBACKGROUNDWell‐executed knowledge transfer and translation (KT) has become a vital part of effective health management. Following the thalidomide disaster, women and their health care providers became fearful of medications and environmental exposures that could affect the health of the unborn child. Therefore, it is important to disseminate evidenced‐based information to pregnant women and their health care providers, enabling them to make empowered decisions regarding exposures during pregnancy.OBJECTIVESThe objectives were twofold: (1) to explore the knowledge transfer process of teratology information from the research community to health care providers, pregnant women, and the general public; and (2) to examine how this impacts pregnant women and their health care providers who require this information.METHODSWe searched the peer reviewed literature (PUBMED, MEDLINE, and EMBASE), retrieved and examined original studies and review articles, and identified relevant data to evaluate how KT is conducted in this field.RESULTSWe found that KT and teratology information is very complex, with confusing information, over‐estimated fears of teratogenicity, as well as unhelpful, often negatively biased information from the media. Of all the methods we identified, Teratogen Information Services (TIS) appears to conduct the most effective KT approaches in this field.CONCLUSIONIt is evident that KT in this area needs improvement. Women and their health care providers are highly impacted by the type of teratology information they receive, affecting for example, deciding to terminate a wanted pregnancy or discontinue a needed pharmacotherapy. When disseminating information in this very sensitive and complex field, it is imperative that good KT strategies are used, encompassing the availability and appropriate interpretation of information. It is most important that an evidence‐based decision is made to ensure the optimal outcome for both the mother and her unborn child Birth Defects Research (Part A) 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of magnetic fields on antioxidative defense and fitness‐related traits of Baculum extradentatum (insecta, phasmatodea)
Authors: Todorović Dajana , Mirčić Dejan , Ilijin Larisa , Mrdaković Marija , Vlahović Milena , Prolić Zlatko , Mataruga Vesna Perić 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThis study aimed to determine the effect of magnetic fields on the antioxidative defense and fitness‐related traits of Baculum extradentatum. Following exposure to magnetic fields, antioxidative defense (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) activities, and total glutathione (GSH) content) and fitness‐related traits (egg mortality, development dynamics, and mass of nymphs) were monitored in nymphs. The experimental groups were: control (kept out of influence of the magnets), a group exposed to a constant magnetic field (CMF) of 50 mT, and a group exposed to an alternating magnetic field (AMF) of 50 Hz, 6 mT. We found increased SOD and CAT activities in animals exposed to constant and AMFs, whereas GSH activity was not influenced by experimental magnetic fields. No differences were found in egg mortality between control and experimental groups. Significant differences in the time of development between the control and the CMF group were observed, as well as between the CMF and the AMF group. No differences were found in the mass of the nymphs between the three experimental groups. In conclusion, CMF and AMF have the possibility to modulate the antioxidative defense and some of the fitness‐related traits in B. extradentatum. Bioelectromagnetics 33:265–273, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Screening of Binary Solvent Mixtures and Solvate Formation of Indomethacin
Authors: Hellstén S. , Qu H. , Louhi‐Kultanen M. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe applicability of solubility parameters and solvent activity in the screening of binary solvent mixtures was studied. The solubility of indomethacin was measured in binary mixtures of dichloromethane, acetone, and ethyl acetate with methanol and ethanol. Solubility extremes in the mixed solvents were observed. The solubility maxima were related to the excess Gibbs free energy of the solvents and the hydrogen bonding term of the Hansen solubility parameter. The solvates of indomethacin were characterized with a confocal Raman spectrometer, and the desolvation of the solvates was investigated with thermogravimetry.
Kinetics and Modeling of Fatty Alcohol Ethoxylation in an Industrial Spray Loop Reactor
Authors: Amaral G. M. , Giudici R. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe kinetics of the ethoxylation of fatty alcohols catalyzed by potassium hydroxide was studied to obtain the rate constants for modeling of the industrial process. Experimental data obtained in a lab‐scale semibatch autoclave reactor were used to evaluate kinetic and equilibrium parameters. The kinetic model was employed to model the performance of an industrial‐scale spray tower reactor for fatty alcohol ethoxylation. The reactor model considers that mass transfer and reaction occur independently in two distinct zones of the reactor. Good agreement between the model predictions and real data was found. These findings confirm the reliability of the kinetic and reactor model for simulating fatty alcohol ethoxylation processes under industrial conditions.
TiO2‐Modified Flower‐Like Bi2WO6 Nanostructures with Enhanced UV‐Vis Photocatalytic Activity
Authors: Zheng Y. , Lv K. L. , Li X. F. , Deng K. J. , Sun J. , Chen L. Q. , Cui L. Z. , Du D. Y. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractAnatase TiO2‐modified flower‐like Bi2WO6 nanostructures were prepared by a simple hydrothermal reaction followed by layer‐by‐layer deposition and calcination. The photocatalytic activity was evaluated using Brilliant Red X3B, an anionic azo dye, as the target organic pollutant under UV‐Vis light irradiation. The experiment results showed that the photocatalytic activity of the hybrid increases first and then decreases with increasing loading amount of TiO2. The hybrid coated with four layers of TiO2 (containing 20 wt‐% TiO2) showed the highest photocatalytic activity, which is 10.45 and 3.20 times higher than that of pure Bi2WO6 and TiO2, respectively. The improved photocatalytic performance of TiO2‐modified Bi2WO6 nanostructures could be ascribed to the improved light‐harvesting ability, efficient photo‐generated electron‐hole separation, and enhanced adsorption of the dye. This work may shed light on the design of complex architectures and the exploitation of their potential applications.
Isostructural Metal–Anion Radical Coordination Polymers with Tunable Phosphorescent Colors (Deep Blue, Blue, Yellow, and White) Induced by Terminal Anions and Metal Cations
Authors: Yong Guoping , Li Yingzhou , She Wenlong , Zhang Yiman 
Published: September 2011

AbstractFive phosphorescent metal–anion radical coordination polymers based on a new anion radical ligand generated by in situ deprotonation of a stable zwitterionic radical are described. The N,O,N‐tripodal anion radical ligand links metal cations, which leads to five isostructural coordination polymers, [M3(bipo−.)4(L)2]n (M=Cd or Mn, Hbipo−.=2,3′‐biimidazo[1,2‐a]pyridin‐2′‐one, L=Cl−, HCOO− or SCN−). The isostructural coordination polymers exhibit novel one‐dimensional spirocycle‐like structures. Three isostructural CdII coordination polymers display unusual phosphorescent color changes (blue, yellow, and white) induced by terminal anions. Significantly, the CdII coordination polymer with terminal Cl− possesses moderate quantum yield, and shows a bright white‐light phosphorescence emission, which is independent of excitation wavelength and can even be excited by visible light. Upon adjusting the metal cation to MnII, two isostructural MnII coordination polymers reveal deep‐blue‐light phosphorescence emissions that are independent of terminal anions. As radical‐based coordination polymers, some of them show antiferromagnetic interactions between radical species or radical and metal center.
ChemInform Abstract: Neutron Diffraction Studies of RSn1+xGe1‐x (R: Tb—Er) Compounds.
Authors: Gil A. , Penc B. , Baran S. , Hoser A. , Szytula A. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractTbSn1.12Ge0.88, DySn1.09Ge0.91, HoSn1.1Ge0.9, and ErSn1.08Ge0.92 are synthesized by arc melting of the elements followed by annealing at 773 K for 7 d.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Structure and Electrical Properties of Cu3.21Ti1.16Nb2.63O12 and the CuOx—TiO2—Nb2O5 Pseudoternary Phase Diagram.
Authors: Reeves‐McLaren Nik , Ferrarelli Matthew C. , Tung Yuan‐Wei , Sinclair Derek C. , West Anthony R. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractSubsolidus phase relations for the title system are determined at 935 °C.
ChemInform Abstract: Co3O4—SiO2 Nanocomposite: A Very Active Catalyst for CO Oxidation with Unusual Catalytic Behavior.
Authors: Jia Chun‐Jiang , Schwickardi Manfred , Weidenthaler Claudia , Schmidt Wolfgang , Korhonen Satu , Weckhuysen Bert M. , Schueth Ferdi 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe title catalyst is prepared by addition of C—SiO2 (obtained from activated carbon and Et4SiO4 in EtOH, followed by annealing at 350 °C for 30 min in air) to an aqueous Co(NO3)2 solution, and calcination of the resulting solid at 550°C for 90 min in air (yield given in g).
ChemInform Abstract: SmZn11‐Type Derivative Compound in the Yb—Zn—Al System: Crystal Structure and Magnetic Properties.
Authors: Stelmakhovych O. , Stelmakhovych B. , Uhlirova K. , Maskova S. , Havela L. , Kalychak Ya. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractSingle crystals of Yb3.50Zn32.1Al1.4 are prepared from a ternary Zn‐rich melt of the elements (alumina crucible, 1030 K, 1 h, cooling to 770 K).
ChemInform Abstract: The Ability of RP‐Type Cobaltites to Accommodate Carbonate Groups: A New Layered Oxide Sr4Co2(CO3)O5.86.
Authors: Demont A. , Pelloquin D. , Hebert S. , Breard Y. , Hoewing J. , Miyazaki Y. , Maignan A. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe possibility to introduce carbonate groups in a pure cobalt based Ruddlesden Popper type matrix is demonstrated.
ChemInform Abstract: Sol—Gel Assisted Preparation and Characterization of Silver Indium Diselenide Powders.
Authors: Chien Szu‐Chia , Chen Fu‐Shan , Lu Chung‐Hsin 
Published: September 2011

AbstractAgInSe2 powders are synthesized from aqueous solutions of In(NO3)3, AgNO3, citric acid, and ethylene glycol (heating of the obtained gel at 500 °C in air for 3 h), followed by addition of excess Se powder and heating in a horizontal tube (5 vol% H2/N2, 250—600 °C, 20—180 min).