bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Madness of Mothers: Agape Love and the Maternal Myth in Northeast Brazil
Authors: Mayblin Maya 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACT  In Northeast Brazil, the question of whether motherhood predisposes a woman to love her children, and whether children can be socialized effectively even in the absence of love, is a source of debate. I explore how motherhood references different configurations of the essential nature of things by charting how concepts of mother love map onto the Christian concept of agape. The analogical link between mother love and agape, I argue, offers people a set of conceptual tools for reflecting on a range of problems emerging from contrasting ontologies implicit within local forms of Christianity. Problems include the nature of the human‐divine relation, the concept of primal animation, and the profound imbalance of power that a creature‐Creator relationship entails. Debates about motherhood can thus be understood in terms of “ontopraxis,” whereby social agents situate themselves in relation to shared ontological categories and negotiate ambiguous and even contradictory cosmological schemes. [motherhood, love, Christianity, ontopraxis, agape]RESUMO  Do Nordeste rural do Brasil, a questão se a maternidade predispõe uma mulher para amar seus filhos e, se as crianças podem ser socializados de forma eficaz, mesmo na ausência de amor, é uma fonte de incerteza e debate. Neste artigo, exploro como a maternidade referencia diferentes configurações da natureza essencial das coisas, traçando como o amor de mãe, para a população local, se aproxima do conceito cristão de amor ágape. A ligação analógica entre amor de mãe e amor ágape, em minha opinião, oferece às pessoas um conjunto de ferramentas conceituais para refletir sobre uma série de problemas que emergem no contraste entre ontologias implícitas nas formas locais do cristianismo. Tais problemas incluem a natureza da relação humano–divino, o conceito de animação primal, e o profundo desequilíbrio de poder que um relacionamento criatura–criador implica. Debates sobre a maternidade, em minha opinião, falam para além das mães. Eles também podem ser entendidas em termos de “ontopraxis,” pelo qual os agentes sociais situam‐se em relação a categorias ontológicas compartilhadas, e negociam, ambíguos e, às vezes, até mesmo contraditórios, esquemas cosmológicos.
Overexpression of HIF Prolyl‐Hydoxylase‐2 transgene in the renal medulla induced a salt sensitive hypertension
Authors: Zhu Qing , Liu Miao , Han Wei‐Qing , Li Pin‐Lan , Wang Zhengchao , Li Ningjun 
Published: June 2012

AbstractRenal medullary hypoxia‐inducible factor (HIF)‐1α and its target genes, such as haem oxygenase and nitric oxide synthase, have been indicated to play an important role in the regulation of sodium excretion and blood pressure. HIF prolyl hydroxylase domain‐containing proteins (PHDs) are major enzymes to promote the degradation of HIF‐1α. We recently reported that high salt intake suppressed the renal medullary PHD2 expression and thereby activated HIF‐1α‐mediated gene regulation in the renal medulla in response to high salt. To further define the functional role of renal medullary PHD2 in the regulation of renal adaptation to high salt intake and the longer term control of blood pressure, we transfected PHD2 expression plasmids into the renal medulla in uninephrectomized rats and determined its effects on pressure natriuresis, sodium excretion after salt overloading and the long‐term control of arterial pressure after high salt challenge. It was shown that overexpression of PHD2 transgene increased PHD2 levels and decreased HIF‐1α levels in the renal medulla, which blunted pressure natriuresis, attenuated sodium excretion, promoted sodium retention and produced salt sensitive hypertension after high salt challenge compared with rats treated with control plasmids. There was no blood pressure change in PHD2‐treated rats that were maintained in low salt diet. These results suggested that renal medullary PHD2 is an important regulator in renal adaptation to high salt intake and a deficiency in PHD2‐mediated molecular adaptation in response to high salt intake in the renal medulla may represent a pathogenic mechanism producing salt sensitive hypertension.
Validation of the Swedish version of the incontinence impact questionnaire and the urogenital distress inventory
Authors: Franzén Karin , Johansson Jan‐Erik , Karlsson Jan , Nilsson Kerstin 
Published: June 2012

AbstractObjective. To validate the Swedish versions of the Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ‐7) and Urogenital Distress Inventory (UDI‐6). Design and setting. Prospective study, university hospital. Population and method. We analyzed reliability, validity, and responsiveness in a clinical sample of 96 women with urinary incontinence. Main outcome measures. Construct and criterion validity, reliability via test–retest and internal consistency. Responsiveness via calculation of effect size. Result. Test–retest reliability ranged from moderate to almost perfect. Cronbach's alpha was 0.39 (UDI‐6) and 0.83 (IIQ‐7). Effect size calculation of change after treatment demonstrated good responsiveness. The effect size at six months was moderate in the Stress Urinary Incontinence group and small in the Urge Urinary Incontinence + Mixed Urinary Incontinence group. There was a moderate to strong correlation between UDI‐6 and IIQ‐7 and treatment satisfaction at six, 12, and 24 months for both groups. Conclusion. The UDI‐6 scale did not produce the same solid result in the psychometric analysis as the IIQ‐7 scale, but these newly translated Swedish forms of UDI‐6 and IIQ‐7 show good responsiveness and are easy to administer and to fill out.
Serum lipids modify periodontal infection ‐ C‐reactive protein association
Authors: Haro Anniina , Saxlin Tuomas , Suominen Anna‐Liisa , Ylöstalo Pekka , Leiviskä Jaana , Tervonen Tellervo , Knuuttila Matti 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAimTo investigate whether low‐grade inflammation‐related factors such as serum low‐density (LDL‐C) and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) modify the association between periodontal infection and C‐reactive protein.Material and MethodsThis study was based on a subpopulation of the Health 2000 Survey, which consisted of dentate, non‐diabetic, non‐rheumatic subjects who were 30–49 years old (n = 2710). The extent of periodontal infection was measured by means of the number of teeth with periodontal pocket ≥4 mm and teeth with periodontal pocket ≥6 mm and systemic inflammation using high sensitive C‐reactive protein.ResultsThe extent of periodontal infection was associated with elevated levels of C‐reactive protein among those subjects whose HDL‐C value was below the median value of 1.3 mmol/l or LDL‐C above the median value of 3.4 mmol/l. Among those with HDL‐C ≥ 1.3 mmol/l or LDL‐C ≤ 3.4 mmol/l, the association between periodontal infection and serum concentrations of C‐reactive protein was practically non‐existent.ConclusionThis study suggests that the relation of periodontal infection to the systemic inflammatory condition is more complicated than previously presumed. The findings of this study suggest that the possible systemic effect of periodontal infection is dependent on serum lipid composition.
PredictingEllenberg's soil moisture indicator value in theBavarianAlps using additive georegression
Authors: Häring Tim , Reger Birgit , Ewald Jörg , Hothorn Torsten , Schröder Boris 
Published: June 2012

AbstractQuestionsCan forest site characteristics be used to predictEllenberg indicator values for soil moisture? Which is the best averaged mean value for modelling? Does the distribution of soil moisture depend on spatial information?LocationBavarianAlps,Germany.MethodsWe used topographic, climatic and edaphic variables to model the mean soil moisture value as found on 1505 forest plots from the databaseWINALPecobase. All predictor variables were taken from area‐wide geodata layers so that the model can be applied to some 250 000 ha of forest in the target region. We adopted methods developed in species distribution modelling to regionalizeEllenberg indicator values. Therefore, we use the additive georegression framework for spatial prediction ofEllenberg values with theR‐library mboost, which is a feasible way to consider environmental effects, spatial autocorrelation, predictor interactions and non‐stationarity simultaneously in our data. The framework is much more flexible than established statistical and machine‐learning models in species distribution modelling. We estimated five different mboost models reflecting different model structures on 50 bootstrap samples in each case.ResultsMedianR2values calculated on independent test samples ranged from 0.28 to 0.45. Our results show a significant influence of interactions and non‐stationarity in addition to environmental covariates. Unweighted mean indicator values can be modelled better than abundance‐weighted values, and the consideration of bryophytes did not improve model performance. Partial response curves indicate meaningful dependencies between moisture indicator values and environmental covariates. However, mean indicator values <4.5 and >6.0 could not be modelled correctly, since they were poorly represented in our calibration sample. The final map represents high‐resolution information of site hydrological conditions.ConclusionsIndicator values offer an effect‐oriented alternative to physically‐based hydrological models to predict water‐related site conditions, even at landscape scale. The presented approach is applicable to all kinds ofEllenberg indicator values. Therefore, it is a significant step towards a new generation of models of forest site types and potential natural vegetation.
In Vitro Assessment of Primary Stability of Straumann® Implant Designs
Authors: Romanos Georgios E. , Ciornei Gabriela , Jucan Adina , Malmstrom Hans , Gupta Bhumija 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTBackground: Primary implant stability (PS) is one of the main factors influencing implant survival rate. Several methods to determine the PS have been used, such as Periotest values (PVs) and resonance frequency analysis (RFA) with implant stability quotient (ISQ) values.Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare different implant designs in regard to PS assessed by Periotest and RFA in vitro.Materials and Methods: A total of 90 implants were placed in freshly slaughtered cow ribs. The implants (Straumann®, Institute Straumann AG, Basel, Switzerland; length 10 mm, ø3.3 mm) had the following three designs: Bone Level (BL, 30 implants), Standard Plus (SP, 30 implants), and Tapered Effect (TE, 30 implants). Before implant placement, the investigator was calibrated for every design according to the manufacturer's instructions. An independent observer, blinded to the study, assessed the accuracy of placement. RFA based on the Osstell device and PVs were performed after abutment connection. One‐way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test were used for statistical evaluation.Results: All implants were mechanically stable. The mean PV for BL was −4.67(± 1.18), for SP, −6.07(± 0.94), and for TE, −6.57(± 0.57). The mean ISQ values were 75.02(± 3.65), 75.98(± 3.00), and 79.83(± 1.85), respectively. The one‐way ANOVA showed significant difference among three implant designs in PV (p < .0001) and for the ISQ between BL/TE or SP/TE implants (p < .0001). In addition, the Tukey's (pair‐wise comparison) test showed significant differences in PV and RFA between the BL/TE (p < .0001).Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, higher implant stability was found for tapered designed implants.
Prenatal diagnosis of parasitic conjoined twins with three‐dimensional ultrasound
Authors: Terata Miyuki , Kikuchi Akihiko , Kanasugi Tomonobu , Oyama Rie , Fukushima Akimune , Sugiyama Toru 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAsymmetric and parasitic conjoined twins are extremely rare anomalies of monochorionic monoamniotic twins, consisting of an incomplete twin attached to the fully developed body of the co‐twin. Sonographic examination is essential for prenatal diagnosis as early detection of fetal anomalies with poor prognosis provides a chance to deliver the infant vaginally for the mother. We herein describe a case with a prenatal diagnosis of a parasitic twin using three‐dimensional (3‐D) ultrasound. The clear images obtained with 3‐D ultrasound helped in counseling the parents. Making an early prenatal diagnosis of severe fetal anomalies with careful and sophisticated sonographic examinations should be warranted.
Change of mucosal color in early gastric cancer
Authors: Lee Hak Hyun , Lee Sun‐Young , Yoon Hyeon Young , Hong Sung Noh , Kim Jeong Hwan , Sung In‐Kyung , Park Hyung Seok , Shim Chan Sup , Han Hye Seung 
Published: June 2012

Objective: To investigate the association between mucosal color change and the characteristics of early gastric cancer (EGC).Methods: Data of consecutive patients with EGC resected between August 2005 and October 2010 at Konkuk University Medical Center were analyzed retrospectively. The characteristics of EGC relative to mucosal color change were analyzed.Results: Whitish discoloration of the cancer was linked to female to male gender ratio (P = 0.009), large tumor size (P < 0.001), deep invasion (P = 0.046) and depressed contours (P < 0.001) compared with EGC without discoloration or with hyperemic change. In addition, a whitish discoloration was also related to signet ring cell carcinoma (P < 0.001) and diffuse type carcinoma based on Lauren's classification (P < 0.001). On multiple linear regression analysis, diffuse type based on Lauren's classification (P = 0.017) and depth of invasion (P = 0.003) were significant independent factors for whitish discoloration.Conclusions: Mucosal color change is an important clue in the diagnosis of EGC. EGC with whitish discoloration needs more attention due to its link with the diffuse type of Lauren's classification.
Toward a definition and taxonomy of public sector ombudsmen
Authors: Carl Sabine 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe world‐wide diffusion of the ombudsman concept and the accompanying academic literature have failed to produce a universal definition of “ombudsman.” As a result, liberal interpretations of the concept have flourished, and the invention of technical terms has gone unchecked. This article examines the two most commonly cited definitions of an ombudsman and the wealth of technical terms for their conformity to the original concept. A definition for public sector ombudsmen congruent with primordial functions and recent conceptual extensions is proposed. The article concludes with a taxonomy of the different kinds of ombudsmen in place today.
Parliamentary and judicial ambivalence toward executive prerogative powers in Canada
Authors: Lagassé Philippe 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThis article argues that ambivalence surrounds the prerogative powers of the Canadian Crown and the significant authority they afford the executive in Canada. In strictly legal terms, these residual Crown powers are vulnerable to parliamentary abolition, displacement and limitation, and their exercise is subject to judicial review and remedy, leading scholars to suggest that these powers are an increasingly marginal source of executive authority. In practice, however, they have proven more resilient to legislative infringement than their formal vulnerability to statutory interference implies. In addition, the judiciary's authority to review the exercise of these powers has been tempered by the courts' reluctance to impose robust remedies. The article maintains that the predominant understanding of these powers, which stresses their vestigial status, fails to capture the actual power and acquiescence they afford the executive.
Maturité organisationnelle des organisations publiques et management des connaissances
Authors: Lemay Lilly , Bernier Luc , Rinfret Natalie , Houlfort Nathalie 
Published: June 2012

SommaireLes départs massifs à la retraite dans les fonctions publiques et le non‐renouvellement d'environ la moitié des effectifs posent non seulement le défi du transfert intergénérationnel des connaissances, mais aussi celui du management de ces dernières. Dans les ouvrages scientifiques sur le sujet, les notions d'apprentissage organisationnel, d'organisation apprenante et d'organisation intelligente sont présentes, mais elles ne sont pas articulées entre elles. Par ailleurs, les résultats d'une recherche menée auprès de 50 cadres de la fonction publique québécoise, nous ont permis de faire état de la situation et de brosser un portrait du contenu du transfert et de la manière dont il est transmis, ou pourrait l'être. Nous intégrons ensuite ces résultats dans un modèle de maturité organisationnelle en cinq phases, lequel permet d'articuler les concepts d'apprentissage organisationnel, d'organisation apprenante et d'organisation intelligente.
Life‐cycle assessment of local feedstock supply scenarios to compare candidate biomass sources
Authors: Godard Caroline , Boissy Joachim , Gabrielle Benoît 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe use of life cycle assessment (LCA) as a comprehensive tool to assess environmental impacts of bioenergies is recommended. Nevertheless, several methodological points remain under debate, particularly regarding the feedstock production step, which is a key stage of bioenergy chains. The present work focuses on field emissions during feedstock production, improving assessment methods by the use of process‐based models. To do so, a real bioenergy chain, the local feedstock supply for a boiler located in northern France, was studied. The LCA compares flax shives, (the reference) with four other biomass sources: Miscanthus, cereal straw, linseed straw, and triticale as a whole plant. Six feedstock supply scenarios were also compared. The study aimed to test a new LCA methodology for agricultural chains by integrating local characteristics (such as climate, soil, and crop management data) and using models to estimate field dynamics of pesticide emissions and soil organic carbon (SOC). Results showed that flax shives and linseed straw had the lowest impacts, except for global warming: as a consequence, supply scenarios with the largest share of flax shives had the lowest impacts. For all selected impact categories, transportation and fertilization were the main contributors. SOC dynamics led to high C sequestration level (e.g. with Miscanthus) or to high CO
2 emissions level (e.g. with flax shives), thus significantly influencing the global warming impact. Sensitivity analysis showed a large influence of allocation method (economic or mass‐based). This study demonstrated the relevance of integrating simulation models using local data in agricultural LCAs, especially for dynamics of SOC and pesticide from fields. Moreover, this work brought scientific elements to support the choice of flax shives as the main biomass feedstock, and the ranking of the other sources as alternative biomass supplies for the boiler.
Primary inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the diaphragm: Report of a case
Authors: Fu Junke , Wu Qifei , Zhang Yong , Zhang Xufeng , Wang Zhe 
Published: June 2012

AbstractWe report a case of primary inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the diaphragm in a 64‐year‐old man. The patient was hospitalized for a computed tomography (CT)‐detected large tissue mass at the left lower lung field. Complete tumor excision followed by pathological investigation was performed. Microscopically, the tumor showed staggered arrangements of spindle myoepithelial cells, lymphoblastic and eosinophil cells. Immunohistochemically, the proliferating spindle cells showed positive staining for smooth muscle actin, vimentin, CD68 and Desmin, but negative for cytokeratin, leukocyte common antigen, epithelial membrane antigen, and S‐100. This is the first reported inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the diaphragm found in an adult. The postoperative course was uneventful and the patient had no recurrence 18 months after surgery.
Diagnostic potential of serum direct markers and non‐invasive fibrosis models in patients with chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Gümüşay Özge , Özenirler Seren , Atak Ayşegül , Sönmez Cemile , Özkan Seçil , Tuncel Ayşe Fıtnat , Yılmaz Güldal , Akyol Gülen 
Published: June 2012

Aim:  Liver biopsy is recommended in the majority of patients with chronic viral hepatitis for fibrosis evaluation. Because of the disadvantages of liver biopsy, many studies related to non‐invasive biomarkers and scores have been performed. In this study, we aimed to assess the diagnostic value of serum direct markers and non‐invasive fibrosis models to predict liver fibrosis in the treatment‐naive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients and to compare their diagnostic performance.Methods:  This study included 58 patients with a diagnosis of CHB virus infection and 30 healthy controls. Hyaluronic acid, tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 1 and amino‐terminal propeptide of type III procollagen were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay; and the Original European Liver Fibrosis panel, the Enhanced Liver Fibrosis (ELF) panel, PP score, aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI) and FIB‐4 indexes were calculated using the formulas taken from previous publications. Fibrosis stage was determined using Ishak's scoring system.Results:  The fibrosis stages identified upon liver biopsy was F0 in 12 patients (20.7%), F1–2 in 36 (62.1%) and F3–5 in 10 (17.2%). The diagnostic value of all the non‐invasive indices was low to detect mild fibrosis. We demonstrated that the diagnostic accuracy of HA is the best for predicting fibrosis of F3 or more (area under the receiver–operator curve, 0.902). In our study, the results from a combination of tests showed that ELF and APRI had the highest diagnostic value sensitivity of 90%, specificity of 100%, positive predictive value of 100% and negative predictive value of 96.4% for detection of fibrosis of F3 or more.Conclusion:  In CHB patients, combination of ELF and APRI has a better diagnostic value in predicting fibrosis of F3 or more.