bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nondaily behavior detection monitoring system for elderly people based on bayesian network representation of omnidirectional vision sensor
Authors: Seki Hirokazu , Tadakuma Susumu 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThis paper describes an unusual behavior detection system based on an omnidirectional vision sensor, as one of the important elements in realizing “Sensing and Robotic Support Rooms” for elderly people. Such support rooms are expected to be further developed in the future with advanced abilities to automatically recognize elderly people's actions and behavior patterns, to detect unusual patterns by using sensors, and to support their daily motions by using robotic manipulator control systems. The proposed monitoring system using an omnidirectional vision sensor automatically learns daily behavior patterns and detects unusual behavior patterns and actions by using the Bayesian network approach. The Bayesian network is constructed by using image feature values such as area and center‐of‐gravity values extracted from a captured image sequence, and the respective behavior patterns are represented as conditional probabilities. Unusual behavior patterns can be automatically detected on the basis of the low generation probability values. Experiments based on the investigation of elderly people's typical daily behavior patterns have shown the effectiveness of the proposed system. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 172(3): 42–51, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20990
Fundamental characteristics of laboratory scale model DC microgrid to exchange electric power from distributed generators installed in residential houses
Authors: Kakigano Hiroaki , Hashimoto Takuya , Matsumura Yohei , Kurotani Takashi , Iwamoto Wataru , Miura Yushi , Ise Toshifumi , Momose Toshinari , Hayakawa Hideki 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe DC microgrid is a novel power system using DC distribution in order to provide superhigh‐quality power. This DC system is suitable for DC‐output distributed generation and energy storage. In this research, we assumed one type of DC microgrid for residential houses (apartment house or housing complex). Each residence has a distributed generation facility such as a gas engine or fuel cell. These cogeneration facilities are connected to the DC power line, and the electricity from the cogeneration facilities can be shared among the residences. The hot water from the cogeneration facility is used in each residence. We constructed an experimental system based on this concept in our laboratory. We have studied the fundamental characteristics and the quality of the power supplied to the loads against several fluctuations or faults. The experimental results demonstrated that the system could supply high‐quality power to the loads despite sudden load variations and voltage sags of the utility grid. Afterwards, we moved the experimental system to an experimental apartment house (NEXT21). We studied the quality of power supply by using practical power lines, and confirmed that the system was also able to supply power to home appliances stably. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 172(3): 28–41, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20996
Biosorption study of anionic dyes from aqueous solutions using Bacillus amyloliquefaciens
Authors: Yenikaya Cengiz , Atar Emrah , Olgun Asim , Atar Necip , İlhan Semra , Çolak Ferdağ 
Published: May 2010

AbstractIn this study, the biosorption of two commonly used dyes, namely Acid Blue 225 (AB 225) and Acid Blue 062 (AB 062), from aqueous solutions by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens biomass was studied in a batch system with respect to initial dye concentration, pH, adsorbent dosage, and contact time. The biomass exhibited maximum uptake at pH 1 due to its positive nature at acidic pH and the anionic nature of the dyes. Kinetic studies showed that the biosorption of dyes on biomass was a gradual process. An equilibrium was reached in 90 min for both dyes. The kinetic studies indicated that a pseudo‐second‐order rate equation was able to provide a realistic description of biosorption kinetics of the dyes. The constants obtained from the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model at different temperatures were evaluated and the activation energies for the biosorption of AB 225 and AB 062 were found to be 13.52 and 13.62 kJ/mol, respectively. Isotherm studies pointed out that biosorption of dyes on biomass followed the Langmuir isotherm model. The adsorption capacity of biomass for AB 225 and AB 062 were 111.15 and 112.19 mg/g, respectively. Thermodynamic quantities that characterize the biosorption phenomena, i.e. enthalpy, entropy, and free energy change of the adsorption, were calculated leading to a conclusion on the efficiency of the properties of the biosorbent‐dye systems.
Impaired reelin processing and secretion by Cajal–Retzius cells contributes to granule cell dispersion in a mouse model of temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Duveau Venceslas , Madhusudan Amrita , Caleo Matteo , Knuesel Irene , Fritschy Jean‐Marc 
Published: May 2010

AbstractCajal–Retzius cells play a crucial role during ontogeny in regulating cortical lamination via release of reelin. In adult brain, they comprise small calretinin‐positive interneurons located in the marginal zone of the cerebral cortex and in the hippocampal fissure. Alterations of reelin signaling or expression have been involved in major neurological disorders, and they underlie granule cell dispersion (GCD) in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Here, we investigated in a mouse model of TLE the contribution of Cajal–Retzius cells to reelin production in epileptic hippocampus and the molecular mechanisms underlying GCD. Following unilateral intrahippocampal Kainic acid injection in adult mice to induce an epileptic focus, we observed that Cajal–Retzius cells gradually became strongly immunopositive for reelin, due to intracellular accumulation. This phenotype resembled the morphology of Cajal–Retzius cells in reeler Orleans (relnorl/orl) mice, which express a secretion‐deficient 310‐kDa reelin fragment. The possibility that GCD might result from abnormal reelin processing in Cajal–Retzius cells, leading to a lack of reelin secretion, was confirmed by KA injection in relnorl/+ mice, which induced severe GCD. Furthermore, Western blot analysis in KA‐treated wildtype mice revealed increased production of ∼300‐kDa reelin fragments, confirming abnormal proteolytic processing. This effect was not seen upon treatment with Botulinum neurotoxin E (BoNT/E), which prevents GCD in KA‐lesioned hippocampus by chronic blockade of synaptic transmission. Furthermore, BoNT/E blocked upregulation of TrkB in Cajal–Retzius cells, suggesting that production of truncated reelin in KA‐treated hippocampus is activity‐dependent and regulated by BDNF. Altogether, these data reveal that GCD results from abnormal reelin processing in Cajal–Retzius cells under the control of BDNF. Our findings highlight the critical role played by Cajal–Retzius cells for hippocampal neuronal reorganization in TLE. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Preserved hippocampus activation in normal aging as revealed by fMRI
Authors: Persson Jonas , Kalpouzos Grégoria , Nilsson Lars‐Göran , Ryberg Mats , Nyberg Lars 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe hippocampus is deteriorated in various pathologies such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and such deterioration has been linked to memory impairment. By contrast, the structural and functional effects of normal aging on the hippocampus is a matter of debate, with some findings suggesting deterioration and others providing evidence of preservation. This constitutes a crucial question since many investigations on AD are based on the assumption that the deterioration of the hippocampus is the breaking point between normal and pathological aging. A growing number of fMRI studies specifically aimed at investigating hippocampal engagement in various cognitive tasks, notably memory tasks, but the results have been inconclusive. Here, we optimized the episodic face‐name paired‐associates task in order to test the functioning of the hippocampus in normal aging. Critically, we found no difference in the activation of the hippocampus between the young and a group of older participants. Analysis of individual patterns of activation substantiated this impression. Collectively, these findings provide evidence of preserved hippocampal functioning in normal aging. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Damage of GABAergic neurons in the medial septum impairs spatial working memory and extinction of active avoidance: Effects on proactive interference
Authors: Pang Kevin C.H. , Jiao Xilu , Sinha Swamini , Beck Kevin D. , Servatius Richard J. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe medial septum and diagonal band (MSDB) are important in spatial learning and memory. On the basis of the excitotoxic damage of GABAergic MSDB neurons, we have recently suggested a role for these neurons in controlling proactive interference. Our study sought to test this hypothesis in different behavioral procedures using a new GABAergic immunotoxin. GABA‐transporter‐saporin (GAT1‐SAP) was administered into the MSDB of male Sprague–Dawley rats. Following surgery, rats were trained in a reference memory water maze procedure for 5 days, followed by a working memory (delayed match to position) water maze procedure. Other rats were trained in a lever‐press avoidance procedure after intraseptal GAT1‐SAP or sham surgery. Intraseptal GAT1‐SAP extensively damaged GABAergic neurons while sparing most cholinergic MSDB neurons. Rats treated with GAT1‐SAP were not impaired in acquiring a spatial reference memory, learning the location of the escape platform as rapidly as sham rats. In contrast, GAT1‐SAP rats were slower than sham rats to learn the platform location in a delayed match to position procedure, in which the platform location was changed every day. Moreover, GAT1‐SAP rats returned to previous platform locations more often than sham rats. In the active avoidance procedure, intraseptal GAT1‐SAP impaired extinction but not acquisition of the avoidance response. Using a different neurotoxin and behavioral procedures than previous studies, the results of this study paint a similar picture that GABAergic MSDB neurons are important for controlling proactive interference. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synthesis and Characterization of Dendrimeric Bridged Salen/Saloph Complexes and Investigation of Their Magnetic and Thermal Behaviors
Authors: Erdem Koç Ziya , Uysal Şaban 
Published: May 2010

AbstractEight new multinuclear FeIII and CrIII complexes involving the tetradentate Schiff bases N,N′‐bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine (salenH2) or N,N′‐bis(salicylidene)benzene‐1,2‐diamine (salophH2) and the two new ligands 4,4′,4″,4′′′,4′′′′,4′′′″‐[1,3,5‐triazine‐2,4,6‐triyltris(nitrilomethylidyne‐4,1‐phenyleneoxy‐1,3,5‐triazine‐6,2,4‐triyldiimino)]hexakis[benzoic acid] (4) or 5,5′,5″,5′′′,5′′′′,5′′′″‐[1,3,5‐triazine‐2,4,6‐triyltris(nitrilomethylidyne‐4,1‐phenyleneoxy‐1,3,5‐triazine‐6,2,4‐triyldiimino)]hexakis[benzene‐1,3‐dicarboxylic acid] (5) were synthesized (Schemes 1 and 2) and characterized by means of 1H‐NMR and FT‐IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, LC/MS analysis, AAS (atomic‐absorption spectrum) analysis, thermal analyses, and magnetic‐susceptibility measurements. The complexes can also be characterized as low‐spin distorted‐octahedral FeIII and CrIII complexes bridged by carboxylato moieties.
Four New Nor‐Diterpenoid Alkaloids from Aconitum brachypodum
Authors: Shen Yong , Zuo Ai‐Xue , Jiang Zhi‐Yong , Zhang Xue‐Mei , Wang Hong‐Ling , Chen Ji‐Jun 
Published: May 2010

AbstractFour new C19‐nor‐diterpenoid alkaloids, named brachyaconitines A–D (1–4), were isolated from the roots of Aconitum brachypodum Diels. Their structures were elucidated as 3‐O‐acetyl‐20‐deethyl‐20‐formylaconitine (1), 3‐O‐acetyl‐19,20‐didehydro‐20‐deethylaconitine (2), 3‐O‐acetyl‐8‐de(acetyloxy)‐7,8,17,20‐tetradehydro‐20‐deethyl‐7,17‐secoaconitine (3), and 1‐O‐methylflavaconitine (4) by means of MS, IR, 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR analyses. The structure of compound 1 was confirmed by an X‐ray diffraction experiment.
A New Isofuranonaphthalenone and Benzopyrans from the Endophytic Fungus Nodulisporium sp. A4 from Aquilaria sinensis
Authors: Wu Zheng‐Chao , Li Dong‐Li , Chen Yu‐Chan , Zhang Wei‐Min 
Published: May 2010

AbstractA new isofuranonaphthalenone, (7R*,8S*)‐3,6,7,8‐tetrahydro‐4,7,8‐trihydroxynaphtho[2,3‐c]furan‐5(1H)‐one (1), and a new benzopyran, (2R*,4R*)‐3,4‐dihydro‐4‐methoxy‐2‐methyl‐2H‐1‐benzopyran‐5‐ol (2), together with four known related analogs, 3–6, were isolated from the culture of Nodulisporium sp. A4, an endophytic fungus from the stem of Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg. The structures of the isolated compounds were determined by extensive analysis of their spectroscopic data as well as by comparison with literature reports. The isolated compounds 1–6 were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against the NCI‐H460 and SF‐268 tumor cell lines.
Fluorescence Sensing and Selective Binding of a Novel 4,4′‐Sulfonyldianiline‐Bridged Bis(β‐cyclodextrin) for Bile Salts
Authors: Zhao Yan , Yang Yong Cun , Chi Shao Ming , Shi Hao , Zhao Yong , Zhu Hong You , Li Qi Lin , Wang Yu Fei 
Published: May 2010

AbstractA novel 4,4′‐sulfonyldianiline‐bridged bis(β‐cyclodextrin (CD)) 2 was synthesized, and its complex stability constants (Ks) for the 1 : 1 inclusion complexation with bile salts, i.e., cholate (CA), deoxycholate (DCA), glycocholate (GCA), and taurocholate (TCA) have been determined in phosphate buffer (pH 7.2) at 25° by fluorescence spectroscopy. The result indicated that 2 can act as efficient fluorescent sensor and display remarkable fluorescence enhancement upon addition of optically inert bile salts. Structures of the inclusion complexes between bile salts and 2 were elucidated by 2D‐NMR experiments, indicating that the anionic tail group and the D ring of bile salts penetrate into one CD cavity of 2 from the wide opening deeply, while the phenyl moiety of the CD linker is partially self‐included in the other CD cavity to form a host–linker–guest binding mode. As compared with native β‐CD 1 upon complexation with bile salts, bis(β‐CD) 2 enhances the binding ability and molecular selectivity. Typically, 2 gives the highest Ks value of 26200 M−1 for the complexation with CA, which may be ascribed to the simultaneous contributions of hydrophobic, H‐bond, and electrostatic interactions. These phenomena are discussed from the viewpoints of multiple recognition and induce‐fit interactions between host and guest.
Three New Caged Prenylxanthones from Garcinia bracteata
Authors: Na Zhi , Hu Hua‐Bin , Fan Qing‐Fei 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThree new caged prenylxanthones (xanthone=9H‐xanthen‐9‐one), named neobractatin (1), 3‐O‐methylneobractatin (2), and 3‐O‐methylbractatin (3), along with eight known compounds, were isolated from the twig of Garcinia bracteata. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated on the basis of 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR experiments, including HMBC, HSQC, 1H,1H‐COSY, and ROESY, as well as HR‐MS analysis.
Three New Homoisoflavanones from the Ophiopogon japonicusKer‐Gawler (Liliaceae)
Authors: Wang Yongyi , Xu Jinzhong , Zhang Lei , Qu Haibin 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThree new homoisoflavanones, 1–3, together with a known one, 4, were obtained from the AcOEt extract of the tuberous roots of Ophiopogon japonicus (Liliaceae). They were identified as (3R)‐2,3‐dihydro‐7‐hydroxy‐5‐methoxy‐3‐(4‐methoxybenzyl)‐6,8‐dimethyl‐4H‐chromen‐4‐one (1), (3R)‐3‐(1,3‐benzodioxol‐5‐ylmethyl)‐2,3‐dihydro‐7‐hydroxy‐5‐methoxy‐6,8‐dimethyl‐4H‐chromen‐4‐one (2), (3R)‐3‐(1,3‐benzodioxol‐5‐ylmethyl)‐2,3‐dihydro‐7‐hydroxy‐5‐methoxy‐6‐methyl‐4H‐chromen‐4‐one (3), and ophiopogonanone A (4). Their structures were determined on the basis of extensive NMR‐spectroscopic and mass‐spectrometric analyses. The three new compounds are rare homoisoflavanones which contain a MeO group at C(5). Compounds 1 and 2 showed weak cytotoxicity against the HepG2 (human hepatoma G2), KB (human oral epidermoid carcinoma), and MCF‐7 (human breast adenocarcinoma) cell lines in an MTT assay. Compound 3 exhibited weak cytotoxicity against HepG2 and MCF‐7, and moderate cytotoxicity against KB cell lines. Compound 4 showed moderate cytotoxicity against HepG2, KB, and MCF‐7 cell lines.
A New Coumarin and Carbazole Alkaloid from Clausena vestita D. D. Tao
Authors: Shi Xiao‐Jing , Ye Guan , Tang Wen‐Jie , Zhao Wei‐Min 
Published: May 2010

AbstractPhytochemical investigation of the EtOH extract of Clausena vestita D. D. Tao led to the isolation of one new coumarin, clauslactone U (1), and one new carbazole alkaloid, clauszoline N (2), together with 28 known compounds. The structures of these compounds were established by using MS and 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR techniques, and by comparison with known analogues.
Perturbations of an Acetone‐Based Briggs–Rauscher System by α‐Tocopherol (Vitamin E)
Authors: Cervellati Rinaldo , Furrow Stanley D. , Greco Emanuela , Höner Kerstin , Venturi Maria Livia 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe malonic acid (MA)‐based oscillating Briggs–Rauscher reaction (BR) in batch mode has been shown to be sensitive to various hydrophilic polyphenol antioxidants. Several of these have been shown to cause cessation of oscillations for a period of time before a restart occurs. The length of time before oscillations restart is related to the type of antioxidant and its concentration. Procedures have been devised to use this method as a tool for measuring antioxidant activity from pure compounds and from extracts of natural sources. The antioxidant activity has been related to the reaction of the antioxidants with HOO. radicals present in the oscillating system. Vitamin E (α‐tocopherol), a typical highly lipophilic antioxidant containing an phenolic OH group, is soluble in acetone that also is a suitable substrate for the BR reaction. Perturbations of a highly concentrated acetone‐based BR oscillator by acetonic solutions of vitamin E were studied. The inhibitory effects were found similar to those provoked by hydrophilic polyphenols in the MA‐based oscillator, but to obtain reasonable inhibition times, the concentration of vitamin E must be at the mM level instead μM. However, there is a region of concentrations where there is a nearly linear relation between concentration and inhibition time. A comparison with a hydrophilic diphenol (2,6‐dihydroxybenzoic acid) in the acetone‐based oscillator showed that the inhibitory reaction is much slower in this system than in the MA one. We were able to model the perturbations by vitamin E assuming its reaction with HOO. radicals by using the FCA mechanism previously reported with some little modifications.
Oligonucleotide Analogues with Integrated Bases and Backbones. Part 25
Authors: Bogliotti Nicolas , Vasella Andrea 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe ability of A*[s]U dinucleosides to gel organic solvents and water is modulated by changing the nature of the substituents at OC(2′) and OC(3′), as evidenced by comparing the gelation of the dinucleosides 7–9 and the properties of the gels. A mere extension of the hydrophobic moiety, by replacing the isopropylidene groups of 2 by cyclohexylidene groups, as in 7, has a small effect, while changing the conformation of the ribose ring and reducing the size of the hydrophobic moiety, as in 8, has a strong effect on the scope of gelation, the minimum gelation concentration, as low as 0.07% for pentanol and decanol, and the properties of the gel. The fully deprotected dinucleoside 9 gels water at a minimal gelation concentration of 0.6%. A TEM of the corresponding xerogel shows the formation of fibers with a diameter of ca. 30 to 90 nm.
Regulation of circulating sclerostin levels by sex steroids in women and in men
Authors: Mödder Ulrike IL , Clowes Jackie A , Hoey Kelley , Peterson James M , McCready Louise , Oursler Merry Jo , Riggs B Lawrence , Khosla Sundeep 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Sex steroids are important regulators of bone turnover, but the mechanisms of their effects on bone remain unclear. Sclerostin is an inhibitor of Wnt signaling, and circulating estrogen (E) levels are inversely associated with sclerostin levels in postmenopausal women. To directly test for sex steroid regulation of sclerostin levels, we examined effects of E treatment of postmenopausal women or selective withdrawal of E versus testosterone (T) in elderly men on circulating sclerostin levels. E treatment of postmenopausal women (n = 17) for 4 weeks led to a 27% decrease in serum sclerostin levels [versus +1% in controls (n = 18), p &lt; .001]. Similarly, in 59 elderly men, we eliminated endogenous E and T production and studied them under conditions of physiologic T and E replacement, and then following withdrawal of T or E, we found that E, but not T, prevented increases in sclerostin levels following induction of sex steroid deficiency. In both sexes, changes in sclerostin levels correlated with changes in bone-resorption, but not bone-formation, markers (r = 0.62, p &lt; .001, and r = 0.33, p = .009, for correlations with changes in serum C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen in the women and men, respectively). Our studies thus establish that in humans, circulating sclerostin levels are reduced by E but not by T. Moreover, consistent with recent data indicating important effects of Wnts on osteoclastic cells, our findings suggest that in humans, changes in sclerostin production may contribute to effects of E on bone resorption. © 2011 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes and aspartate transaminase distinguish Albers-Schönberg disease (Chloride Channel 7 Deficiency Osteopetrosis) among the sclerosing bone disorders
Authors: Whyte Michael P , Kempa Lydia G , McAlister William H , Zhang Fan , Mumm Steven , Wenkert Deborah 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Osteopetrosis (OPT) refers to the consequences of generalized failure of skeletal resorption during growth. Most cases are explained by loss-of-function mutation within the genes that encode either chloride channel 7 (CLCN7) or a vacuolar proton pump subunit (TCIRG1), each compromising acid secretion by osteoclasts. Patients suffer fractures and sometimes cranial nerve entrapment and insufficient medullary space for hematopoiesis. In 1996, we reported that a high serum level of the brain isoenzyme of creatine kinase (BB-CK), the CK of osteoclasts, characterizes OPT dueamong the sclerosing bone disorders (J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1996;11:1438). Now, we show that elevation in serum of multiple lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isoenzymes with aspartate transaminase (AST) distinguishes autosomal dominant OPT due to loss-of-function mutation in CLCN7 [Albers-Schönberg disease (A-SD)] among these conditions. Serum total LDH and AST levels as high as 3× and 2×, respectively, the upper limits of normal for age-appropriate controls, were persistent and essentially concordant in A-SD. Serum LDH was elevated in 7 of 9 children and in the 2 adults studied with A-SD. LDH isoenzyme quantitation showed excesses of LDH-2, -3, and -4. Neither total LDH nor AST increases were found in other forms of OPT, including bisphosphonate-induced OPT, or in 41 children and 6 adults representing 20 additional sclerosing bone disorders. Serum TRACP-5b and BB-CK also were markedly elevated in A-SD. Hence, high serum levels of several enzymes characterize A-SD. Elevated serum LDH isoenzymes and AST indicate a disturbance (of uncertain clinical significance) within multiple extraosseous tissues when there is CLCN7 deficiency. © 2010 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.