bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
When time is not space: The social and linguistic construction of time intervals and temporal event relations in an Amazonian culture
Authors: Sinha Chris , Sinha Vera Da Silva , Zinken Jörg , Sampaio Wany 
Published: April 2011

AbstractIt is widely assumed that there is a natural, prelinguistic conceptual domain of time whose linguistic organization is universally structured via metaphoric mapping from the lexicon and grammar of space and motion. We challenge this assumption on the basis of our research on the Amondawa (Tupi Kawahib) language and culture of Amazonia. Using both observational data and structured field linguistic tasks, we show that linguistic space-time mapping at the constructional level is not a feature of the Amondawa language, and is not employed by Amondawa speakers (when speaking Amondawa). Amondawa does not recruit its extensive inventory of terms and constructions for spatial motion and location to express temporal relations. Amondawa also lacks a numerically based calendric system. To account for these data, and in opposition to a Universal Space-Time Mapping Hypothesis, we propose a Mediated Mapping Hypothesis, which accords causal importance to the numerical and artefact-based construction of time-based (as opposed to event-based) time interval systems.
Melt temperature learning control of injection molding process based on CMAC neural network
Authors: Peng Yonggang , Wei Wei 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
Accurately monitoring and controlling melt temperature in the injection molding process can be a challenge. A barrel temperature model was achieved with the use of a system modeling method. Because of time variance, uncertainty and non-linearity of injection molding barrel temperature, a learning control method based on the use of a cerebellar model articulation controller (CMAC) neural network was proposed. Simulations and experimental results have demonstrated that this method elicits high response speed and excellent control accuracy of barrel melt temperature.
Preparation and properties of PLA/long alkyl chain modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes nanocomposites
Authors: Shih Yeng-Fong , Wang Yen-Pin , Hsieh Chi-Fa 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
In this investigation, poly(lactic) acid (PLA)/multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) hybrids were prepared using a melt blending process. To increase the compatibility between CNTs and PLA, the surfaces of the CNTs were firstly pretreated in acid solution (HNO3) to functionalize them with carboxylic groups (-COOH). Then, stearyl alcohol was grafted onto carboxylic groups using a dehydrating agent, N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide. Chemically modified CNTs (CNT-C18) were thus obtained. Therefore, modified carbon nanotubes (CNT-C18) dispersed excellently in organic solvents. PLA/CNTs nanocomposites were prepared by the melt-blending method. Experimental results reveal that the PLA/CNT-C18 nanocomposites that consisted of well-dispersed nanotubes exhibited enhanced thermal and mechanical properties. Adding 4 wt% CNT-C18 to a nanocomposite increased the storage modulus (E′) at 40°C by 17.8%, and the loss modulus (E″) at the glass transition temperature (T

g
) by 15.1%. Adding 3 wt% CNT-C18 also reduced the surface resistivity of the PLA nanocomposites from >1016 Ω/cm2to 104 Ω/cm2. Such PLA/CNT-C18 nanocomposites are highly efficient in anti-static agents and can be exploited in the outer coverings of electronic devices.
Physical properties of biaxially oriented PA6 film for simultaneous stretching and sequential processing
Authors: Takashige Masao , Kanai Toshitaka 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
There are two different stretching processes that produce the biaxially oriented film, namely the tenter process and double bubble tubular film process. Furthermore, there are two tenter processes, i.e., the sequential biaxial stretching process and simultaneous biaxial stretching process. There is no report describing the difference among film physical properties of the three different processes. The biaxially oriented polyamide film using the double bubble tubular process has good balanced physical property and high impact strength, thus it is used for proper applications utilizing their advantage properties. In this report, the influence of each biaxial stretching process on film physical properties of polyamide, which has hydrogen bond, was studied in detail. As a result, the tentering process film has anisotropic tensile properties between machine direction (MD) and transverse direction (TD). This result was influenced by a later stretching process, namely TD stretching. On the contrary, the double bubble tubular film has good balanced properties, especially thermal shrinkage and impact strength. Tentering simultaneous stretching film has much larger shrinkage in MD than in TD. The sequential stretching film has larger shrinkage in TD than in MD. The double bubble tubular film has high impact strength, because it corresponds to the balanced molecular orientation.
Insights into the slip flow phenomena encountered during in-mold coating (IMC) of plastic parts
Authors: Cortright Emily , Carbajal Luis , Castro Jose M. , Straus Elliott , Triantafillopoulos Nick 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
Researchers have been using DNA for flow visualization studies owing to its ability to be tagged by a fluorescent dye. We used DNA to study the apparent slip phenomena encountered in the in-mold coating (IMC) flow through thin channels. IMC can be basically considered a carbon black suspension. IMC of sheet molding (SMC) compound is a well-established and environmentally friendly processing technique used by many industries to improve surface quality of parts to meet automotive standards. It is recently being evaluated for use with thermoplastic injection molded parts to obtain similar surface quality improvements and eliminate the need for priming and/or painting. The flow geometry gaps encountered during the coating process, are mostly at the micro-scale. Previous work in our group has shown that the flow can be represented using continuous mechanics approaches with the incorporation of slip at the wall. In this paper, we used DNA, as a model suspension, to make further insights into the nature of the slip flow phenomena encountered during the coating process.
Numerical analysis of mixing performance of mixing section in pin-barrel single-screw extruder
Authors: Chen Jinnan , Dai Pan , Yao Hui , Chan Tung 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
Using the finite elements method, numerical simulations of the flow field of a rubber melt in the mixing sections of a conventional full-flight single-screw extruder and a pin-barrel single-screw extruder were carried out. Particle tracking analysis was used to statistically analyze the mixing state of the rubber melt in the mixing section with pin and that without pin. The mixing performance of both types of mixing section was quantitatively evaluated. The results show that the pins partially disorganize the particle trajectories, change the particle moving directions, and enhance the mixing performance. The particle residence time is longer in the mixing section with pins than in the mixing section with no pin, leading to better mixing in the former. The distributive mixing of particles in both types of mixing section was statistically analyzed. The pins increase the efficiency of stretching and the time-averaged efficiency of stretching, and hence the mixing efficiency. However, further increase in the number of pins does not necessarily enhance the mixing performance.
New process technology for high volume production of composites
Authors: Michaeli Walter , Wessels Jan , Pöhler Marco , Winkelmann Lionel 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
Despite their outstanding properties, the use of composites is still limited. The absence of an appropriate and economic high volume production technology is the most important restriction for the use of composites. This paper presents results of the research on new high volume production chains for continuous fibre reinforced composites which are based on the separation and parallelisation of the process steps “impregnation” and “forming and curing”. Two new impregnation processes for polyurethane and epoxy resin as well as a new compression moulding technology are introduced. The production of high performance parts with a fibre volume content higher than 50% in a cycle time below 10 min is described and analyses of the impregnation quality and the mechanical properties of the parts are presented.
Adaptive Routenbeschreibungen für Navigationssysteme
Authors: Münter Daniel , Hussein Tim 
Published: April 2011

Zusammenfassung
In diesem Beitrag stellen wir ein Verfahren zur adaptiven Präsentation für Navigationsgeräte vor, welche auf semantischen Modellen basiert. Dabei reichern wir herkömmliche Routenbeschreibungen mit semantischen Informationen an und präsentieren dem Fahrer lediglich diejenigen Routenanweisungen, an denen er wirklich interessiert ist und blenden überfl üssige Anweisungen aus.
A Context-Aware Proactive Controller for Smart Environments
Authors: Krüger Frank , Ruscher Gernot , Bader Sebastian , Kirste Thomas 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
Controlling smart environments containing multiple devices is a challenging problem. In particular the definition of suitable interaction paradigms, which can be divided into implicit and explicit models. Here we introduce an implicit controller for smart environments that infers possible goals of the users and provides support by achieving them automatically. We use models of the environment and the user to automatically create this controller. The resulting system is purely reactive and can be executed in real time.
Relativer Vorteil im Unterhaltungserleben virtueller Welten – Eine empirische Analyse am Beispiel ”World of Warcraft“
Authors: Pannicke Danny , Zarnekow Rüdiger , Müller Sebastian 
Published: April 2011

Zusammenfassung
World of Warcraft ist seit mehreren Jahren Marktführer im Bereich der verteilten Online-Rollenspiele (MMORPG) mit inzwischen etwa 11,5 Millionen Benutzern weltweit. Die durchgeführte Studie leistet einen Beitrag zur Erklärung dieses beispiellosen Erfolgs. Dazu wird auf der Basis der Forschungsergebnisse zum Unterhaltungserleben im Kontext von Computerspielen ein Modell mit fünf Determinanten des relativen Vorteils entwickelt. Das entwickelte Modell wurde auf der Basis einer Stichprobe (N = 121) aktiver Nutzer überprüft. Im Ergebnis zeigt sich, dass der relative Vorteil von World of Warcraft insbesondere auf der Qualität der Rahmenhandlung basiert. Andere Aspekte, wie etwa die technische Qualität, haben demgegenüber für den relativen Vorteil eine untergeordnete Bedeutung. In der Konsequenz legt die Studie weitere Forschungsbemühungen zu den Wirkungszusammenhängen narrativer Elemente in virtuellen Welten nahe.
Neue Möglichkeiten des Mouse-Trackings: Automatisierte Mustererkennung erleichtert die Usability-Analyse
Authors: Erlbeck Helena 
Published: April 2011

Zusammenfassung
Die Methode des Mouse-Trackings ist in den letzten Jahren zunehmend bekannt und beliebt geworden und hat sich einen festen Platz neben traditionellen Usability testing-Methoden verdient. Das Aufzeichnen von Mausbewegungen ermöglicht das genaue Nachvollziehen einzelner Nutzersessions und sämtlicher Interaktionen innerhalb dieser Sessions. Diese bisher größtenteils manuelle Analyse wird nun auch durch neue Methoden der automatisierten Erkennung spezifi scher Interaktionsmuster ergänzt und verfeinert.
Vastagtű-biopsziás hengerből készített imprint citológia növeli a vékonytű-aspirációs citológia szenzitivitását emlőrákos betegekben
Authors: Dayal Sanjeev , Murray Juliette , Wilson Kate , Lannigan Alison 
Published: April 2011

Abstract

Background: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) can have high inadequate results. The main objective of this study was to validate the sensitivity of imprint cytology and compare it to that of FNAC across all levels of staff experience. Our other objective was to find out whether handling of a core biopsy to obtain an imprint slide affected its morphology so as to make histopathological reporting from that tissue difficult. This we thought could be of significance while trying to diagnose smaller cancers where just one core could contain tumour. Methods: Patients (n = 56) with a suspicious breast lump had fine needle aspiration (FNA) and core biopsy. The core biopsy used to prepare the two imprint cytology slides was sent separately for histopathology reporting. Results: Simultaneous imprint cytology from a core biopsy increased the sensitivity of cytology results by 12% compared to that of FNAC alone. In this series we found imprint cytology to have a sensitivity of 84%, a specificity of 100%, a positive predictive value of 100% and a negative predictive value of 82.7%. The histopathologists did not report any distortion in tissue morphology so as to affect histological reporting of the core used. Conclusion: Since most patients will have a core biopsy to confirm invasive cancer and the technique of imprint cytology is easily performed, perhaps it should be more widely used especially in units where the sensitivity of FNA is low.
Irradiatiós enteritis sebészeti prevenciója: esetismertetés és az irodalom áttekintése
Authors: Teknős Dániel , Baranyai Zsolt , Sinkó Dániel , Jakab Ferenc 
Published: April 2011

Absztrakt
A sugárzás okozta bélgyulladás az igen magas szövődményi és mortalitási ráta miatt a hasi és kismedencei radioterápia egyik legrettegettebb szövődménye. A kórkép megelőzésében elsősorban besugárzástervezési és sugártechnikai újításoknak köszönhetően sikerült jelentős eredményeket elérni. Ugyanakkor lehetőség van sebészeti beavatkozásokkal tovább csökkenteni az irradiatio okozta bélgyulladás előfordulásának gyakoriságát. 75 éves férfi betegünknél urothelialis carcinoma transuretralis resectiója történt. Az irradiatiós kezelés előtt a fixált vékonybélkacsok nagyobb sugárterhelésének kivédésére kétoldali lágyéksérve miatt Shouldice szerinti hasfali rekonstrukciót végeztük. A későbbiekben a beteg 55 Gy besugárzásban és két széria Carboplatin-kezelésben részesült. A kemoirradiatiós kezelést követően a betegnél nem alakult ki sugárzás okozta enteritis. Cikkünkben foglalkozunk az inguinalis hernioplasztika prevenciós szerepével irradiatiós enteritis kialakulásában. Esetünk kapcsán bemutatjuk a kórképpel kapcsolatos, korábban közölt sebészeti prevenciós eljárásokat.
Irradiatiót és pneumonectomiát követő hörgősipolyos empyema thoracis nyitott, vákuumtámogatott (VAC) kezelése thoraco-myoplastica után
Authors: Balogh Gábor , Garbera István , Ifj. Balogh Gábor , Pápai Székely Zsolt 
Published: April 2011

Absztrakt
Hörgőrák miatt jobb felső tüdőlebeny resectióján átesett beteg kemoirradiatiós kezelésének szövődményeként tüdőfibrosis, fenyegető tüdőgangraena lépett fel. Jobb oldali pneumonectomiára kényszerültünk, amely után késői hörgőcsonkkinyílás, empyema alakult ki. Esetünk ismertetésével azt kívánjuk bemutatni, hogy súlyos iatrogén ártalommal járó onkoradiológiai kezelés milyen szövődményláncolatot idézett elő, és mik voltak azok a terápiás eszközök, amelyek 3 év után a beteg gyógyulásához vezettek.
Smart E&P Collaboration Centers: Design, Technology Support and Lessons Learned
Authors: Al-Qahtani Adel A. , Hogg Martin F. , Lau Kenneth K. , Al-Naser Naser A. 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
The application and adoption of collaboration centers in the E&P industry has increased significantly in the past decade. The benefits of collaboration center utilization have been clearly identified including the delivery of cost-effective and fully integrated multidiscipline field, reservoir and well management decisions.
Saudi Aramco has established a number of collaboration centers that directly capitalize on large scale, multidiscipline, value added technical and business collaborations. These centers, for instance, cover areas of Exploration, Geosteering, Real-time Drilling, Field Development, Production and Intelligent Field Management. Tangible economic and technical benefits of such collaboration encompasses: improved recovery, improved technical workflows, technology innovation, enhanced staff skill set development, and significant reduction of critical field development study cycle times. This paper outlines Saudi Aramco's experience from 5 years of utilizing multidiscipline collaboration workrooms with a focus on facility design, technology (software and hardware) support and lessons learned.
Advances in interactive, high performance technology solutions (hardware and software) and easy to use visual communication technologies present additional opportunities to extend and enhance the value added impact of collaboration centers, including virtual collaboration. The need for physical, localized centers will be discussed, compared and evaluated in the context of virtual collaboration center potential. The paper presents a "checklist" methodology for collaboration center design, layout, support and maintenance incorporating the challenges of continuous technology advancement and multidiscipline project complexity.
Effects of Maturity, Genotypic Background, and Temperature on Seed Mineral Composition in Near‐Isogenic Soybean Lines in the Early Soybean Production System
Authors: Bellaloui Nacer , Smith James R. , Gillen Anne M. , Ray Jeffery D. 
Published: April 2011

ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to investigate the effects of maturity, genotypic background, and maximum temperature 20 d before maturity on soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seed mineral concentrations. A field experiment was conducted in Stoneville, MS, in 2004 and 2005, using two sets of near‐isogenic soybean lines that differed in maturity genes. One set of isolines derived from cultivar Clark and the other from cultivar Harosoy. The maturity of each line within a set varied, but all had a common genotypic background. For Clark isolines, there were positive correlations (P < 0.05) between maturity and N with r = 0.83 in 2004 and r = 0. 62 in 2005, and between maturity and Ca (r = 0.59 in 2004 and r = 0.89 in 2005). For Harosoy isolines, there were positive correlations (P < 0.05) between maturity and Ca with r = 0.60 in 2004 and r = 0.83 in 2005, and between maturity and B (r = 0.48 in 2004 and r = 0.72 in 2005). There was a highly significant genotypic background effect (P < 0.01) on seed N, S, Ca, K, Mg, P, and B concentrations, and maturity gene (E‐gene) effect (P < 0.01) on Ca and B. Generally the contribution of genotypic background or maturity to total variation of nutrient concentrations was greater than that of temperature. This information may be useful when developing soybean germplasm with higher seed mineral content by using genotypes with a higher nutrient uptake efficiency trait as either parental lines or source material to improve existing varieties for the seed nutrition trait.
Exotic Scab Resistance Quantitative Trait Loci Effects on Soft Red Winter Wheat
Authors: Kang Jing , Clark Anthony , Van Sanford David , Griffey Carl , Brown‐Guedira Gina , Dong Yanhong , Murphy J. Paul , Costa Jose 
Published: April 2011

ABSTRACTFusarium head blight (FHB), caused by Fusarium graminearum, of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a disease that periodically strikes the mid‐Atlantic region of the United States. Breeding for resistant wheat varieties is an effective method of disease control. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of exotic FHB resistance quantitative trait loci (QTL), singly and in combination, on FHB resistance in soft red winter wheat (SRWW). Three FHB resistance QTL on chromosomes 3BS (Fhb1), 2D, and 5A were introgressed from nonadapted Chinese cultivar Ning7840 into the adapted SRWW cultivar McCormick. Eight near‐isogenic lines (NIL) were developed by marker‐assisted backcrossing. The NIL that combined 3BS and 2DL expressed the highest resistance and lowest deoxynivalenol (DON) content in four environments that included three field and one greenhouse studies. These results indicate that the combination of just two QTL (3BS and 2DL) would be useful to breed for improved FHB resistance in SRWW in the mid‐Atlantic region.
Results of 25 Years of Upland Rice Breeding in Brazil
Authors: Breseghello Flavio , de Morais Orlando Peixoto , Pinheiro Patrícia Valle , Silva Ana Carolina Simões , da Maia de Castro Emilio , Guimarães Élcio Perpétuo , de Castro Adriano Pereira , Pereira José Almeida , de Matos Lopes Altevir , Utumi Marley Marico , de Oliveira Jaison Pereira 
Published: April 2011

ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to estimate the results of the upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) breeding program conducted by the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa) and collaborators over the period of 1984 to 2009 covering 25 annual steps of improvement. The best lines generated by this program are evaluated in “value for cultivation and use (VCU) trials.” This study used data from 603 VCU trials conducted in seven Brazilian States. The group of lines entering VCU in each year was taken as a sample of the elite program in that year. Best linear unbiased estimates (BLUEs) of the means of groups were computed, and the regression of the BLUEs on years was taken as an estimate of the efficiency of the breeding program. Traits studied were grain yield (GY), days to flowering (DTF), and plant height (PH). For GY, three phases were described: from 1984 to 1992, the gain for GY was nonsignificant, from 1992 to 2002, the yearly gain was 15.7 kg ha−1 (0.53%), and from 2002 to 2009, the yearly gain was 45.0 kg.ha−1 (1.44%). No evidence of yield plateau was observed. There was a reduction of 0.25 d yr−1 in DTF and 0.52 cm yr−1 in PH, reflecting the change from traditional to modern cultivars. Factors influencing the results of the breeding program in this period are discussed.
Allele Mining of Exotic Maize Germplasm to Enhance Macular Carotenoids
Authors: Burt Andrew J. , Grainger Christopher M. , Smid Matthew P. , Shelp Barry J. , Lee Elizabeth A. 
Published: April 2011

ABSTRACTLutein and zeaxanthin are commonly referred to as the macular carotenoids, as they are localized to ocular tissues and their loss is associated with age‐related macular degeneration. Thirty‐four high‐carotenoid (HiC) lines exhibiting uniquely high concentrations of carotenoids resulted from allele mining of the Orange Flint race using traditional breeding techniques and visual selection for deep orange endosperm color. Total carotenoid concentrations of the HiC lines ranged from 50 to 101 μg g−1 dry weight (DW) with lutein and zeaxanthin concentrations as high as 66 and 65 μg g−1 DW, respectively, levels higher than reported in previous germplasm surveys. The HiC lines fall into three classes based on the accumulation of the major carotenoid: “high‐lutein,” “high‐zeaxanthin,” and “balanced.” Significant year effects were observed for carotenoid concentrations but not for profiles. During kernel development the pattern of carotenoid accumulation in the HiC lines did not appear to be different than in yellow corn belt dent lines. Collectively, the HiC lines represented only one y1 haplotype, 10 unique haplotypes of lcyE, and two unique haplotypes at crtRB1 Interestingly, previously identified diagnostic polymorphisms within lcyE did not appear to be useful in distinguishing between high‐lutein and high‐zeaxanthin HiC lines, and high β‐carotene levels were achieved despite the presence of a suboptimal crtRB1 allele. The HiC lines illustrate the utility of mining allelic variation from exotic sources coupled with the power of simple visual selection and the potential limitations of diagnostic polymorphisms.