bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Case report: An uncommon presentation of extramedullary plasmacytoma without a concurrent diagnosis of multiple myeloma
Authors: Stawarz Katarzyna , Galazka Adam , Gorzelnik Anna , Durzynska Monika , Bienkowska-Pluta Karolina , Zwolinski Jakub 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionExtramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) is an uncommon solitary tumor originating from neoplastic plasma cells located outside the bone marrow. Despite its rarity, the occurrence of EMP without a concurrent diagnosis of multiple myeloma (MM) is considered extremely rare. Approximately 80–90% of EMP cases are found in the head and neck region, with a higher incidence in men aged between 50 and 60 years. The current treatment modalities include radiotherapy (RT) as a first-line approach, with surgery or chemotherapy regarded as other therapeutic options. While RT proves effective in the majority of EMP cases, there are instances where the tumor remains refractory to radiation. In this case report, we present an unusual scenario of EMP resistant to RT without concurrent signs of multiple myeloma which was successfully treated with surgery followed by systemic therapy.Case reportA 72-year-old male was admitted to the Head and Neck Cancer Clinic with a 6-month history of swallowing difficulties. He denied experiencing weight loss or pain on swallowing. Basic laboratory tests yielded results within normal limits, except for beta-2 microglobulin. Physical examination revealed an enlarged submandibular lymph node on the right side. Fiberoptic examination identified a soft tissue polypoid mass within the right piriform fossa, slightly protruding into the vocal slit. A CT scan displayed a well-circumscribed 2 cm polypoid, homogeneously enhancing soft tissue mass adjacent to the posterior surface of the epiglottis and the right side of the tongue base. Bone marrow biopsy revealed no abnormalities, and there were no clinical or laboratory signs of multiple myeloma. Based on the tumor biopsy results and imaging studies, a diagnosis of EMP was made. Due to the lack of response to RT, surgical removal of the tumor was pursued, followed by systemic therapy. Ultimately, the patient achieved full recovery with effective disease control.ConclusionIn conclusion, EMP without concurrent multiple myeloma is an exceedingly rare condition that demands a multidisciplinary approach for both diagnosis and treatment. Moreover, although RT continues to be the primary standard treatment for EMP, in some cases other therapeutic regimens prove to be successful.
Molecular mechanism of the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma by Hedyotis Diffusa: an integrative study with real-world clinical data and experimental validation
Authors: Wang Sheng , Yin Na , Li Yingyue , Ma Zhaohang , Lin Wei , Zhang Lihong , Cui Yun , Xia Jianan , Geng Liang 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundWith a variety of active ingredients, Hedyotis Diffusa (H. diffusa) can treat a variety of tumors. The purpose of our study is based on real-world data and experimental level, to double demonstrate the efficacy and possible molecular mechanism of H. diffusa in the treatment of lung adenocarcinom (LUAD).MethodsPhenotype-genotype and herbal-target associations were extracted from the SymMap database. Disease-gene associations were extracted from the MalaCards database. A molecular network-based correlation analysis was further conducted on the collection of genes associated with TCM and the collection of genes associated with diseases and symptoms. Then, the network separation SAB metrics were applied to evaluate the network proximity relationship between TCM and symptoms. Finally, cell apoptosis experiment, Western blot, and Real-time PCR were used for biological experimental level validation analysis.ResultsIncluded in the study were 85,437 electronic medical records (318 patients with LUAD). The proportion of prescriptions containing H. diffusa in the LUAD group was much higher than that in the non-LUAD group (p &lt; 0.005). We counted the symptom relief of patients in the group and the group without the use of H. diffusa: except for symptoms such as fatigue, palpitations, and dizziness, the improvement rate of symptoms in the user group was higher than that in the non-use group. We selected the five most frequently occurring symptoms in the use group, namely, cough, expectoration, fatigue, chest tightness and wheezing. We combined the above five symptom genes into one group. The overlapping genes obtained were CTNNB1, STAT3, CASP8, and APC. The selection of CTNNB1 target for biological experiments showed that the proliferation rate of LUAD A549 cells in the drug intervention group was significantly lower than that in the control group, and it was concentration-dependent. H. diffusa can promote the apoptosis of A549 cells, and the apoptosis rate of the high-concentration drug group is significantly higher than that of the low-concentration drug group. The transcription and expression level of CTNNB1 gene in the drug intervention group were significantly decreased.ConclusionH. diffusa inhibits the proliferation and promotes apoptosis of LUAD A549 cells, which may be related to the fact that H. diffusa can regulate the expression of CTNNB1.
Maximum correntropy unscented filter based on unbiased minimum-variance estimation for a class of nonlinear systems
Authors: Zhang Yike , Niu Ben , Song Xinmin 
Published: June 2024

Introduction: The unscented Kalman filter based on unbiased minimum-variance (UKF-UMV) estimation is usually used to handle the state estimation problem of nonlinear systems with an unknown input. When the nonlinear system is disturbed by non-Gaussian noise, the performance of UKF-UMV will seriously deteriorate.Methods: A maximum correntropy unscented filter based on the unbiased minimum variance (MCUF-UMV) estimation method is proposed on the basis of the UKF-UMV without the need for estimation of an unknown input and uses the maximum correntropy criterion (MCC) and fixed-point iterative algorithm for state estimation.Results: When the measurement noise of the nonlinear system is non-Gaussian noise, the algorithm performs well.Discussion: Our proposed algorithm also does not require estimation of an unknown input, and there is no prior knowledge available about the unknown input or any prior assumptions. The unknown input can be any signal. Finally, a simulation example is used to demonstrate the effectiveness and reliability of the algorithm.
A nine-degree-of-freedom optimization-based method to evaluate the isocenter coincidence of the treatment beams and image system of a medical accelerator
Authors: Zhou Yun , Qiao Jian , Yan Nan , Dai Liyan , Pu Yuehu 
Published: June 2024

Medical accelerators have been widely used in tumor radiation therapy. Accurate isocenter coincidence between treatment beams and imaging systems is critical for image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT). We propose a method utilizing a phantom with marker spheres to detect the Nine Degrees of Freedom (9-DOF) in the system’s geometric model to assess isocenter coincidence between the treatment beams and the kV cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). The phantom was initially aligned with the accelerator. Subsequently, the projections of the treatment and CBCT beams’ were acquired separately with full gantry rotation. By analyzing the marker spheres’ position in both the treatment beam and CBCT beam projections, the 9-DOF parameters were calculated. A comparison with a Winston-Lutz-based system was performed. Then, the analysis revealed imprecise circular trajectories with noticeable random deviations in the rotations of both the treatment beams and CBCT. The isocenter deviations for the treatment beams and CBCT were 0.18 mm (X), −0.49 mm (Y), and −0.35 mm (Z) after trajectories fitting, respectively. The rotational planes of the two systems exhibited a pinch angle of 0.0235°. This proposed method offers a quantitative assessment of the geometric pose of the source and the detector panel, and the isocenter coincidence of the treatment beams and imaging systems of an accelerator at each gantry angle.
Comparison of smoking traditional, heat not burn and electronic cigarettes on salivary cytokine, chemokine and growth factor profile in healthy young adults–pilot study
Authors: Zięba Sara , Maciejczyk Mateusz , Antonowicz Bożena , Porydzaj Aleksandra , Szuta Mariusz , Lo Giudice Giuseppe , Lo Giudice Roberto , Krokosz Stanisław , Zalewska Anna 
Published: June 2024

Objective: Smoking is the cause of numerous oral pathologies. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of smoking traditional cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and heat-not-burn products on the content of salivary cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors in healthy young adults.Design: Three groups of twenty-five smokers each as well as a control group matched in terms of age, gender, and oral status were enrolled in the study. In unstimulated saliva collected from study groups and participants from the control group, the concentrations of cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors were assessed by Bio-Plex® Multiplex System.Results: We demonstrated that smoking traditional cigarettes is responsible for increasing the level of IFN-γ compared to non-smokers and new smoking devices users in unstimulated saliva in the initial period of addiction. Furthermore, e-cigarettes and heat-not-burn products appear to have a similar mechanism of affecting the immune response system of unstimulated saliva, leading to inhibition of the local inflammatory response in the oral cavity.Conclusion: Smoking traditional cigarettes as well as e-cigarettes and heat-not-burn products is responsible for changes of the local immune response in saliva. Further research is necessary to fill the gap in knowledge on the effect of new smoking devices on the oral cavity immune system.
Can sports participation be a protective factor against suicide-related outcomes in adolescents: a systematic review
Authors: Huo Meilin , Yang Zhen , Yang Li , Chen Sitong 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundSuicide-related outcomes among adolescents have become a serious public health problem worldwide. Emerging evidence suggests that sports participation may interact with suicide-related outcomes. The objective of this systematic review is to systematically review and summarize the association between sports participation and suicide-related outcomes among adolescents.DesignA systematic review according to PRISMA Statement (International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols registration: INPLASY202330072) https://inplasy.com/inplasy-2023-3-0072/.MethodsThe literature search was conducted in three electronic databases: Web of Science, PubMed, and EBSCOhost.ResultsA total of 16 studies (12 cross-sectional studies, 4 prospective studies) met the inclusion criteria were evaluated. Strong consistent evidence was found for the negative association between suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and sports participation among adolescents. There was insufficient evidence to support consistency in the association between sports participation and suicide plans, and no evidence regarding gender differences between sports participation and these suicide-related outcomes. Furthermore, there was heterogeneity in the measures of sports participation and suicide-related outcomes across the included studies.ConclusionEvidence suggests that more sports participations are associated with lower suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in adolescents. However, the directionality of the observed associations should be examined based on more high-quality longitudinal studies in the future.
The N270 as an index of consumer commodity color preference in the S1–S2 paradigm
Authors: Shu Deming , Liu Dianzhi , Zhang Gong-Liang 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionAffective decision-making is a prominent topic in consumer psychology research, with its core assumption being that consumers tend to purchase brands and commodities they like. However, the reasons behind why we develop emotional responses of liking or disliking toward certain commodities, as well as what the underlying neural mechanisms are, remain largely unknown.MethodsThis study utilized the S1–S2 paradigm in an experiment wherein S1 presented 12 types of commodities and S2 displayed 48 distinct colored squares. Participants were instructed to assess whether they “Like” or “Dislike” the commodity in S1, which was colored with the S2 color. Electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings were obtained during the reaction process and subsequently analyzed to examine the components of S2-induced event-related potentials (ERPs).ResultsThe analysis revealed that S2 elicited a significant N270 in the prefrontal scalp area under both the “Like” and “Dislike” conditions. Interestingly, the amplitude of the N270 was significantly higher during the “Dislike” condition compared to the “Like” condition.DiscussionThe N270 component was shown to reflect the conflict in physical attributes between S1 and S2, as well as the conflict between commodity and color. This highlights the potential utility of this component as an objective EEG indicator of consumer commodity color preferences in future marketing research.
Exploring quantitative indices to characterize piano timbre with precision validated using measurement system analysis
Authors: Zhuang Yuan , Yang Shuo 
Published: June 2024

AimTimbre in piano performance plays a critical role in enhancing musical expression. However, timbre control in current piano performance education relies mostly on descriptive characterization, which involves large variations of interpretation. The current study aimed to mitigate the limitations by identifying quantitative indices with adequate precision to characterize piano timbre.MethodsA total of 24 sounds of G6 were recorded from 3 grand pianos, by 2 performers, and with 4 repetitions. The sounds were processed and analyzed with audio software for the frequencies and volumes of harmonic series in the spectrum curves. Ten quantitative timbre indices were calculated. Precision validation with statistical gage R&amp;R analysis was conducted to gage the repeatability (between repetitions) and reproducibility (between performers) of the indices. The resultant percentage study variation (%SV) of an index must be ≤10% to be considered acceptable for characterizing piano timbre with enough precision.ResultsOut of the 10 indices, 4 indices had acceptable precision in characterizing piano timbre with %SV ≤10%, including the square sum of relative volume (4.40%), the frequency-weighted arithmetic mean of relative volume (4.29%), the sum of relative volume (3.11%), and the frequency-weighted sum of relative volume (2.09%). The novel indices identified in the current research will provide valuable tools to advance the measurement and communication of timbre and advance music performance education.
Post-traumatic stress disorder: the role of the amygdala and potential therapeutic interventions – a review
Authors: Davis Lori L. , Hamner Mark B. 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionPost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric disorder triggered by exposure to a life-threatening or sexually violent traumatic event, and is characterized by symptoms involving intrusive re-experiencing, persistent avoidance of associated stimuli, emotional and cognitive disturbances, and hyperarousal for long periods after the trauma has occurred. These debilitating symptoms induce occupational and social impairments that contribute to a significant clinical burden for PTSD patients, and substantial socioeconomic costs, reaching approximately $20,000 dollars per individual with PTSD each year in the US. Despite increased translational research focus in the field of PTSD, the development of novel, effective pharmacotherapies for its treatment remains an important unmet clinical need.ObservationsIn this review, we summarize the evidence implicating dysfunctional activity of the amygdala in the pathophysiology of PTSD. We identify the transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) ion channels as promising drug targets given their distribution in the amygdala, and evidence from animal studies demonstrating their role in fear response modulation. We discuss the evidence-based pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy treatment approaches for PTSD.DiscussionIn view of the prevalence and economic burden associated with PTSD, further investigation is warranted into novel treatment approaches based on our knowledge of the involvement of brain circuitry and the role of the amygdala in PTSD, as well as the potential added value of combined pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy to better manage PTSD symptoms.
Examining putamen resting-state connectivity markers of suicide attempt history in depressed adolescents
Authors: Tymofiyeva Olga , Ho Tiffany C. , Connolly Colm G. , Gorrell Sasha , Rampersaud Ryan , Darrow Sabrina M. , Max Jeffrey E. , Yang Tony T. 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionSuicide is a current leading cause of death in adolescents and young adults. The neurobiological underpinnings of suicide risk in youth, however, remain unclear and a brain-based model is lacking. In adult samples, current models highlight deficient serotonin release as a potential suicide biomarker, and in particular, involvement of serotonergic dysfunction in relation to the putamen and suicidal behavior. Less is known about associations among striatal regions and relative suicidal risk across development. The current study examined putamen connectivity in depressed adolescents with (AT) and without history of a suicide attempt (NAT), specifically using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to evaluate patterns in resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC). We hypothesized the AT group would exhibit lower striatal RSFC compared to the NAT group, and lower striatal RSFC would associate with greater suicidal ideation severity and/or lethality of attempt.MethodsWe examined whole-brain RSFC of six putamen regions in 17 adolescents with depression and NAT (MAge [SD] = 16.4[0.3], 41% male) and 13 with AT (MAge [SD] = 16.2[0.3], 31% male).ResultsOnly the dorsal rostral striatum showed a statistically significant bilateral between-group difference in RSFC with the superior frontal gyrus and supplementary motor area, with higher RSFC in the group without a suicide attempt compared to those with attempt history (voxel-wise p&lt;.001, cluster-wise p&lt;.01). No significant associations were found between any putamen RSFC patterns and suicidal ideation severity or lethality of attempts among those who had attempted.DiscussionThe results align with recent adult literature and have interesting theoretical and clinical implications. A possible interpretation of the results is a mismatch of the serotonin transport to putamen and to the supplementary motor area and the resulting reduced functional connectivity between the two areas in adolescents with attempt history. The obtained results can be used to enhance the diathesis-stress model and the Emotional paiN and social Disconnect (END) model of adolescent suicidality by adding the putamen. We also speculate that connectivity between putamen and the supplementary motor area may in the future be used as a valuable biomarker of treatment efficacy and possibly prediction of treatment outcome.
Assessment of psychiatrists’ preparedness in managing disaster-related psychiatric disorders: a survey in Taiwan from post-graduate medical education perspective
Authors: Lin Po-Chun , Chou Yu-Ching , Kao Lien-Cheng , Wan Fang-Jung , Tzeng Nian-Sheng 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundDisaster-related psychiatric disorders (DRPD) present a significant challenge to mental health professionals, yet there is a notable lack of emphasis on the preparedness of psychiatrists in managing these conditions within post-graduate medical education.MethodsThis study utilized a questionnaire to collect data from psychiatrists, focusing on their prior involvement in managing DRPD, perceived competence, medication preferences, and factors influencing their experiences in handling such disorders. Analysis included distribution and ranking of variables, alongside cross-analysis examining associations between demographic factors (age, gender, hospital levels, years of practice, board certification) and treatment experiences, as well as readiness for in-hospital or outside-hospital mobilization in DRPD management.ResultsOne hundred and three Taiwanese psychiatrists participated in the study, with the majority reporting involvement in managing DRPD (71.8%), particularly in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression. Antidepressants, specifically serotonin selective reuptake inhibitors, were commonly preferred for DRPD treatment, including PTSD and depression. Psychiatrists aged over 40, with more than 10 years of practice, and hold the board-certified status, showed greater experiences for outside- or inside- the hospital mobilization in DRPD management.ConclusionFindings suggest that within post-graduate medical education, Taiwanese psychiatrists demonstrate significant experience, willingness, and capacity to effectively manage DRPD. However, there is a need to integrate comprehensive training on disaster psychiatry into post-graduate psychiatric education programs to further enhance preparedness and optimize outcomes in managing these challenging conditions.
Leveraging ChatGPT to optimize depression intervention through explainable deep learning
Authors: Liu Yang , Ding Xingchen , Peng Shun , Zhang Chengzhi 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionMental health issues bring a heavy burden to individuals and societies around the world. Recently, the large language model ChatGPT has demonstrated potential in depression intervention. The primary objective of this study was to ascertain the viability of ChatGPT as a tool for aiding counselors in their interactions with patients while concurrently evaluating its comparability to human-generated content (HGC). MethodsWe propose a novel framework that integrates state-of-the-art AI technologies, including ChatGPT, BERT, and SHAP, to enhance the accuracy and effectiveness of mental health interventions. ChatGPT generates responses to user inquiries, which are then classified using BERT to ensure the reliability of the content. SHAP is subsequently employed to provide insights into the underlying semantic constructs of the AI-generated recommendations, enhancing the interpretability of the intervention. ResultsRemarkably, our proposed methodology consistently achieved an impressive accuracy rate of 93.76%. We discerned that ChatGPT always employs a polite and considerate tone in its responses. It refrains from using intricate or unconventional vocabulary and maintains an impersonal demeanor. These findings underscore the potential significance of AIGC as an invaluable complementary component in enhancing conventional intervention strategies.DiscussionThis study illuminates the considerable promise offered by the utilization of large language models in the realm of healthcare. It represents a pivotal step toward advancing the development of sophisticated healthcare systems capable of augmenting patient care and counseling practices.