bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prospection of riverbank filtration feasible areas by electrical resistivity tomography
Authors: Gomes Renata Suzi , Isaac Ricardo de Lima , Elis Vagner Roberto 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The riverbank filtration (RBF) is a very economic technique, as it utilizes the bank's soil as a filtration media, dismissing the use of chemicals and large constructions in the treatment process. Depending on the quality of the water source RBF is able to produce good quality water, or it can be utilized as pre-treatment for springs with lower quality. This technique's deployment depends on the natural conditions of each place, requiring an area prospection study, to assess the riverbank's hydrogeological conditions and the river's morphological data. Aiming to promote alternative solutions to water scarcity at Salto-SP, the prospection Jundiaí river bank filtration, through the use of a geophysical technique, tomography by electroresistivity, in order to find a feasible area. The method turned out to be efficient for its purpose, as it allowed a detailed investigation of the desired spots, providing data about the hydraulic connection and the aquifer's width.
Geoelectrical evaluation of overburden protective capacity in an Alluvial deposit microenvironment in the vicinity of an industrial district, southwest Nigeria: Insights on aquifer vulnerability and groundwater contamination
Authors: Olatinsu Olawale Babatunde , Abiola Amidu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

In this study, electrical resistivity techniques were employed in the evaluation of overburden protective capacity at a location designated for industrial activities in southwest Nigeria. 40 VES stations and 6 resistivity imaging traverses were occupied using Schlumberger and Wenner configurations respectively. Results indicate the presence of typical multi-layered aquifer and aquitard system, presumably composed of sand, clayey sand, clay and hard clay. Predominant phreatic (unconfined) sand/clayey sand aquifers mapped at shallow depth (< 5m) are not suitable for long term sustainable groundwater development, since volume and quality of groundwater vary with seasons. 70% of surveyed locations are underlain by much deeper (5.0-68.0 m) sand/clayey sand aquifer. The occurrence of impermeable clay with resistivity range 29-71 Ωm and thickness range 2.5-10.0 m and/or hard clay with resistivity in the range 818-2557 Ωm and thickness range 1.4-52.4 m is depicted across 20 VES locations. Clay materials are lithological barriers to pollutants infiltration into the aquifer zone. However, fractures in hard compacted and consolidated clay can serve as pathways for rapid movement of water and dissolved contaminants into aquifer systems. The overburden protective capacity rating at the locations exhibits abysmally poor rating (0.0027-0.0813 S) in 27 (67.5%) l; weak (0.1044-0.1824 S) in 9 (22.5%) and moderate rating (0.348-0.472 S) in 4 (10%). These values suggest high probability of pollutants migration into groundwater resources. This is also supported by high values of transverse resistance (filtration coefficient).
Social Determinants of Health and Biological Age among Diverse U.S. Adults, NHANES 2011-2018
Authors: Mesa Robert , Llabre Maria , Lee David , Rundek Tatjana , Kezios Katrina , Hazzouri Adina Zeki Al , Elfassy Tali 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

We examined the sex-specific association between education and income with biological age (BA) and by race/ethnicity. The Klemera-Doubal method was used to calculate BA among 6,213 females and 5,938 males aged 30-75 years who were Hispanic, non-Hispanic (NH) White, NH Black (NHB), or NH Asian (NHA). Compared with a college education, less than a high school education was associated with greater BA by 3.06 years (95% CI: 1.58, 4.54) among females only; associations were strongest among NHB, Hispanic, and NHA females. Compared with an annual income of ≥$75,000, an income <$25,000 was associated with greater BA by 4.95 years (95% CI: 3.42, 6.48) among males and 2.76 years among females (95% CI: 1.51, 4.01); associations were strongest among NHW and NHA adults, and Hispanic males. Targeting upstream sources of structural disadvantage among racial/ethnic minority groups, in conjunction with improvements in income and education, may promote healthy aging in these populations.
Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Visually Induced Motion Sickness: An eLORETA Study
Authors: Molefi Emmanuel , McLoughlin Ian , Palaniappan Ramaswamy 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS), a non-invasive form of electrical brain stimulation, has shown potent therapeutic potential for a wide spectrum of conditions. How taVNS influences the characterization of motion sickness - a long mysterious syndrome with a polysymptomatic onset - remains unclear. Here, to examine taVNS-induced effects on brain function in response to motion-induced nausea, 64-channel electroencephalography (EEG) was analyzed from 42 healthy participants collected during nauseogenic visual stimulation concurrent with taVNS administration, in a crossover randomized sham-controlled study. Cortical neuronal generators were estimated from the obtained EEG using exact low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (eLORETA). While both sham and taVNS increased insula activation during electrical stimulation, compared to baseline, taVNS additionally augmented middle frontal gyrus neuronal activity. Following taVNS, brain regions including the supramarginal, parahippocampal, and precentral gyri were activated. Contrasting sham, taVNS markedly increased activity in the middle occipital gyrus during stimulation. A repeated-measures ANOVA showed that taVNS decreases motion sickness symptoms. This reduction in symptoms correlated with taVNS-induced neural activation. Our findings provide new insights into taVNS-induced brain changes, during and after nauseogenic stimuli exposure, including accompanying behavioral response. Together, these findings suggest that taVNS has promise as an effective neurostimulation tool for motion sickness management.
Success and Opportunities of the American Academy of Pediatrics Marshall Klaus Research Grant Program in Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine
Authors: Lingappan Krithika , Lee Albertina , Weitkamp Jörn-Hendrik , Tune Angie , Couto Jim 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Physician-scientists play a pivotal role in the biomedical workforce as a crucial link between clinical practice and research. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), Section on Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, initiated the Marshall Klaus Perinatal Research Award to enhance the development of research skills among physicians training in Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine. In this study, we sought to identify trends in funding along with geographical and demographic variables of the applicants and mentees and assess the applicants' scholarly productivity and funding from the National Institutes of Health (NIH). We found that basic science applications had a higher funding likelihood than clinical/translational applications. Female applicants comprised most awardees, and the geographical distribution of awardees is skewed towards top research-oriented academic divisions. There was significant association between awardee status and K08 or K23 funding attainment. These findings inform future efforts for more equitable academic career opportunities and a more diverse research landscape in neonatal medicine.
Lithium-Ion batteries cooling system performance improvement with liquid and phase change materials
Authors: Mirmohammadi Ali 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Battery cooling is essential to prevent battery damage. Lithium-Ion batteries do not perform well at high temperatures ;thus, by designing thermal management systems, the temperature of the batteries remains within the permissible range. In this paper, a Lithium-Ion battery is modeled electrically and thermally. The purpose is to investigate the temperature rise and the voltage drop of the battery and manage temperature rising by the cooling system. The results show that when the battery is discharged at a rate of 1c, the battery temperature reaches 318K and at a rate of 2c, the battery temperature reaches 335K which can cause damage. To overcome this problem, a cooling system is designed. In this system, temperature decreases to 303K for 0.01 m/s flow velocity in discharge rate of 2c. In addition, the battery cooling is investigated by using octadecane and nonadecane phase change materials. When octadecane and nonadecane are used, the battery temperature decreasesto 308K and 310K, respectively. The results show that octadecane material has a better cooling performance for the battery.
The impact of heat stress on the human plasma lipidome
Authors: Estevao Igor L. , Kazman Josh B. , Bramer Lisa M. , Nicora Carrie , Ren Ming Qiang , Sambuughin Nyamkhishig , Munoz Nathalie , Kim Young-Mo , Bloodsworth Kent , Richert Maile , Teeguarden Justin , Burnum-Johnson Kristin , Deuster Patricia A. , Nakayasu Ernesto S. , Many Gina 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The year of 2023 displayed the highest average global temperatures since it has been recorded—the duration and severity of extreme heat are projected to increase. Rising global temperatures represent a major public health threat, especially to occupations exposed to hot environments, such as construction and agricultural workers, and first responders. Despite efforts of the scientific community, there is still a need to characterize the pathophysiological processes leading to heat related illness and develop biomarkers that can predict its onset. Here, we performed a plasma lipidomic analysis on male and female subjects who underwent heat tolerance testing (HTT), consisting of a 2-h treadmill walk at 5 km/h with 2% inclination at a controlled temperature of 40ºC. We identified 995 lipids from 27 classes, with nearly half of all detected lipids being responsive to HTT. Lipid classes related to substrate utilization were predominantly affected by HTT, with a downregulation of triacylglycerols and upregulation of free fatty acids and acyl-carnitines (CARs). We additionally examined correlations between changes in plasma lipids by using the physiological strain index (PSI). Here, even chain CAR 4:0, 14:0 and 16:1, suggested by-products of incomplete beta oxidation, and diacylglycerols displayed the highest correlation to PSI. PSI did not correlate with plasma lactate levels, suggesting that correlations between even chain CARs and PSI is related to metabolic efficiency versus physical exertion. Overall, our results show that HTT has a strong impact on the plasma lipidome and that metabolic inefficiencies may underlie heat intolerance.
Thermodynamics of the $\alpha$-FeOOH (goethite)-ScOOH solid solution
Authors: Majzlan Juraj 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Scandium (Sc) is a rare element that finds uses in modern technologies. Thermodynamic properties of Sc phases could help in the development of innovative technologies to extract Sc from mining waste. In this work, we investigated the FeOOH-ScOOH solid solution with the goethite structure. The end members and five intermediate compositions were synthesized and characterized. The lattice parameters show that the solid solution is non-ideal, with complex behavior induced by the Fe-Sc substitution. The excess unit-cell volume deviates negatively for the Sc-rich region, and positively for the Fe-rich region from the ideal behavior (Vegard's law). Enthalpies of dissolution were determined by acid-solution calorimetry in 5 mol \(\cdot\) dm \(^{-3}\) HCl at T = 343.15 K. Enthalpies of mixing ($\Delta_{mix}H$), calculated from the experimental data, are small and positive. The available data allow for fitting the data as $\Delta_{mix}H = W x (1-x)$, with the mixing parameter $W = 15.2\pm$1.0 kJ$\cdot$mol$^{-1}$. Using $\Delta_fG^o$ of ScOOH from earlier literature, we calculated a Lippmann diagram that shows that Sc should strongly partition into the aqueous phase upon goethite precipitation. The thermodynamic conclusions disagree with field observations that Sc is primarily harbored by goethite in lateritic profiles. It seems that under weathering conditions, adsorption of Sc$^{3+}$ and kinetic hindrance to exsolution prevail over thermodynamic driving forces.
Corporate ESG Performance and Investor attention:Evidence from China’s new energy industry
Authors: Tian Zhong , Wang Ying , Song Haohao , Mao Xiangyu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Against the backdrop of the development of "dual carbon" and "new quality productivity", in-depth exploration of how companies' adherence to ESG concepts affects investors' choices is particularly important for promoting high-quality and sustainable development of companies. To compensate for the lack of existing research on corporate ESG performance and investor attention at the strategic level of analysis, this paper proposes a research paradigm based on GMCR-AHP-TOPSIS, constructs a conflict analysis graph model and does an arithmetic case analysis. The study found that if companies choose to follow the concept of ESG development and take the initiative to do a good job of ESG information disclosure, it is easier to win the attention of investors, and the better the ESG performance of the company, the easier it is to win the investment of investors. At the same time, along with the high quality and sustainable development of typical Chinese new energy companies with good ESG performance, the industry's new quality productivity improvement will help promote the implementation of China's "dual carbon" goal in the long run. The findings of this paper may be of great value to investors in making ESG investment decisions.
Development of a Pre-Operational Coastal Ocean Model for Mississippi Sound and Bight
Authors: Cambazoglu M. Kemal , Armstrong Brandy , Wiggert Jerry 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The Mississippi Sound and Bight is a complex coastal system with shallow estuarine waters that are highly vulnerable to the effects of climate change and anthropogenic influences. In order to further our understanding of the system and provide natural resource managers and decision-makers with science-based guidance, a pre-operational coastal ocean forecast system has been developed using the Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Wave Sediment Transport Modeling System (COAWST). The COAWST application for Mississippi Bight (msbCOAWST) can be run in hindcast mode, pre-operational daily mode, or forecast mode and relies on other operational models including the National Water Model (NWM) for river forcing, the High Resolution Rapid Refresh model (HRRR) for atmospheric forcing, and the Navy Coastal Ocean Model (NCOM) for open boundary forcing. msbCOAWST is being validated using data from a variety of in situ measurements that quantify coastal processes, including tides, and water quality (i.e. temperature and salinity). The highest model skill is obtained for temperature followed by water levels and salinity. msbCOAWST has been used to provide guidance for quantifying how freshwater influences derived from river diversion operations impact habitat suitability for oysters. The model is currently being extended to include waves, sediment transport, and biogeochemistry and in the future will be linked with ecological models so as to comprehensively reveal consequential environmental concerns such as harmful algal blooms and the onset and persistence of hypoxia, with their associated impacts on the region’s fisheries and shellfisheries.
On bridge graphs with local antimagic chromatic number 3
Authors: Shiu Wai Chee , Lau Gee-Choon , Zhang Ruixue 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Let $G=(V, E)$ be a connected graph. A bijection $f: E\to \{1, \ldots, |E|\}$ is called a local antimagic labeling if for any two adjacent vertices $x$ and $y$, $f^+(x)\neq f^+(y)$, where $f^+(x)=\sum_{e\in E(x)}f(e)$ and $E(x)$ is the set of edges incident to $x$. Thus a local antimagic labeling induces a proper vertex coloring of $G$, where the vertex $x$ is assigned the color $f^+(x)$. The local antimagic chromatic number $\chi_{la}(G)$ is the minimum number of colors taken over all colorings induced by local antimagic labelings of $G$. In this paper, we present some families of bridge graphs with $\chi_{la}(G)=3$ and give several ways to construct bridge graphs with $\chi_{la}(G)=3$.
2010 AMS Subject Classifications: 05C78, 05C69.
Waterborne Polyurethane Modified with the Hydroxy Silicone Oil for Improving its Thermal, Water Resistance, and Mechanical Properties
Authors: Liu Chao , Wang Yujie , Li Wenli , Luo Yingchun , Yan Wei , Zhou Guoyong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Hydroxy silicone oil were employed to modify waterborne polyurethane (WPU) by copolymerization reaction. Their structures and properties of Si-WPU were characterized by FTIR, DLS, TEM, TG-DSC, XPS, SEM, AFM and so on, respectively. The results showed that the WPU was successfully modified with hydroxy silicone oil. The surface roughness of the Si-WPU film was significantly improved. The Si-WPU film of the initial decomposition temperature was increased by 62–70°C, the glass transition temperature (Tg) was enhanced by about 60°C, the crosslinking density of the WPU and the tensile strength gradually were also significantly enhanced. The performance of WPU modified with 25000 molecular weight hydroxyl silicone oil(13%,w/w) is by far the best, and the tensile strength properties of the Si-WPU film were significantly enhanced by 2.63MPa. The contact angles of Si-WPU film were improved by 93.95°, 98.67°, and 103.95°, respectively. The water absorption rates were enhanced by 4.17%, 5.21%, and 7.41%, respectively. The corresponding surface energy was also reduced to as low as 13%. It is shown that water resistance, heat resistance, and the microphase separation of the Si-WPU was notablely enhanced, respectively.
Enhancing LED modeling accuracy to extract practical parameters and compare simulation
Authors: Elsharkawy Hoda , Khalaf Ashraf A.M. , M.El-Dakroury Mohamed 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of parameters required for accurate modeling of Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs) and their subsequent use in simulator software for comparing practical and simulation results. The focus of the study is on parameter extraction from the LED model, including key variables such as LED capacitance value, saturation current, emission coefficient, shunt resistance, and series resistance. The research showcases a practical methodology for parameter extraction that yields results closely aligned with simulation outcomes when the extracted parameters are incorporated into the simulation framework. This study is better than previous studies from the point of extracting the five parameters for LED modeling through the use of several experiments which their practical results has been verified by implement simulation approaches.
2024 UK General Election manifesto commitments: implications for the economy, environment, and society
Authors: Stafford Richard , Alexander Jenny , Axon Stephen , Boakes Zach , Cantarello Elena , Croker Abigail , Cvitanović Marin , Almela Victoria Dominguez , Ginige Tilak , Harris Natalie , Jones Ellie-Anne , Kountouris Yiannis , Lilleker Darren , Russell Freya , Sokolnicki James , Upson Sarah , Vincent Ellie 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

In July 2024, the UK will have a general election and elect a new government. The election campaign is filled with claims and counterclaims about what different parties will do. The promises made in political manifestos are a key part of this claim-making, and the wider electoral processes which aid voters in making their decisions. Manifestos can be an important part of people’s decision making and are one way in which the elected government is then held to account. However, the level of detail varies across manifestos, and the accuracy of costings and other information is hotly contested. This work assesses the pledges made in manifestos using a complex system modelling approach, identifying how different pledges interact to predict how each party’s policies would change the political, economic, environmental, and social landscapes of the UK. The outcomes show that more radical ideas are proposed by the smaller parties. The Greens and Liberal Democrats deliver better environmental, social and public services outcomes. Reform UK are predicted to cut average living standards (despite tax cuts) and perform poorly on the environment and many public services such as the NHS, but likely to reduce crime. The Labour and Conservative parties have policies which mainly are predicted not to deliver to the same magnitude as the Greens, Liberal Democrats and Reform (as indicated above). However, Labour are more aligned in most cases to publicly favourable outcomes than the Conservatives. While no party is a clear ‘winner’ in terms of policies, this work compares outcomes across the different parties and may result in better informed decisions being made at the ballot box.
Root exudates simultaneously form and disrupt soil organo-mineral associations
Authors: Shabtai Itamar , Hafner Benjamin , Schweizer Steffen , Hoeschen Carmen , Possinger Angela , Lehmann Johannes , Bauerle Taryn 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Plant root exudates can form organo-mineral associations (OMAs) through physico-chemical interactions with soil mineral surfaces but can disrupt existing OMAs by increasing microbial decomposition and dissolution of OMAs. The controls on these seemingly opposing processes are not well understood, nor are OMA chemical and spatial characteristics that may explain net soil organic matter (SOM) gain or loss at the root-soil interface termed the rhizosphere. By labeling maize plants with 13CO2, we found that exudates caused a net SOM gain in the rhizosphere’s clay size fraction which contained high-activity minerals. The OMAs formed on rhizosphere clay particles were linked to microbial metabolism of exudates and were more spatially and chemically heterogeneous than non-rhizosphere OMAs. In contrast, we found a net SOM loss in the rhizosphere’s silt size fraction which contained low-activity minerals and that dry soil conditions mitigated this rhizosphere SOM loss. Our findings show that root exudates can simultaneously form and disrupt OMAs, mediated by mineral composition and soil moisture.
Cobertura vacinal geral antes e durante a pandemia de covid-19 no território brasileiro: Um estudo transversal
Authors: Manoel Poliana  Zanotto , Da Costa Lindemberg Barreto Mota , Dos Santos Priscila Antão , Silva Anita de Souza , Bezerra Antônio Diego Costa 
Published: June 2024

OBJETIVO: Analisar a cobertura vacinal geral dos imunobiológicos oferecidos pelo Programa Nacional de Imunizações (PNI) antes (2018-2019) e durante a pandemia da COVID-19 (2020-2021) no território brasileiro, por região e capital. METODOLOGIA: Foi realizado um estudo transversal, com dados secundários do PNI via Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS). Os dados foram tabulados e submetidos a testes estatísticos, incluindo o teste de Shapiro-Wilk para verificar a normalidade e os testes de correlação de Pearson e Spearman. RESULTADOS: Foram aplicadas 407.570.811 doses de imunobiológicos no Brasil, a cobertura vacinal média geral do período (2018-2021) foi de 69,4%, exibindo tendência decrescente acentuada, que variou de 75,2% no período pré-pandêmico e 63,7% na pandemia. CONCLUSÃO: Durante a pandemia houve decréscimo da vacinação nacional em relação ao período anterior à mesma, com destaque das regiões Norte e Nordeste. Dessa forma, a pandemia pode ter contribuído para redução das imunizações.