bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydrothermal synthesis of highly symmetric 26‐facet Cu2O polyhedra
Authors: Wang Wei , Liao Zhigang , Wang Yi , Wu Xiang , Qu Fengyu , Zhang Xu 
Published: February 2011

AbstractHighly symmetric 26‐facet polyhedral microcrystals of cuprous oxide (Cu2O) are successfully synthesized through a facile low temperature hydrothermal reaction. These polyhedra are constructed by well‐developed {100}, {110} and {111} crystallographic faces. The obtained microstructures were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and Ultraviolet‐Visible (UV‐Vis) absorption spectrum. Cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium (EDTA‐2Na) have been confirmed to be necessary additives to the development of these perfect polyhedra. The growth process of the 26‐facet Cu2O polyhedra is depicted on the grounds of the time‐dependent experiments. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Influence of transverse magnetic field on thermocapillary flow in liquid bridge
Authors: Li Xiaohong , Zeng Zhong , Yao Liping , Li Liang , Chen Chaobo , Zhang Yongxiang , Chen Jingqiu 
Published: February 2011

AbstractFor exploring the optimizing convection control technique by external magnetic field in floating zone crystal growth of semiconductor under microgravity, thermocapillary flow in a floating half‐zone model is simulated numerically, and the influences of both the transversal uniform magnetic field and the magnetic field generated by transversal four coils on thermocapillary flow are investigated. The results indicate that the transversal uniform magnetic field is likely to break the axisymmetrical structure of thermocapillary flow, which is unfavorable to the growth of high‐quality crystal; under the magnetic field generated by transversal four coils, both the mean and the maximum velocities increase with the increment of the distance between coils or the decrement of coil radius; and the convection tends to be more axisymmetrical with increasing coil radius. Compared to the transversal uniform magnetic field, the magnetic field generated by transversal four coils of appropriate radius and relative distance may not only suppress convection, but also enhance the axisymmetry of convection at the same time, and finally, the better convection control can be achieved. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Floating zone growth and characterization of ruby single crystals
Authors: Fan Xiujun , Wang Yue , Xu Hong , Jiang Yijian 
Published: February 2011

AbstractLarge, high optical quality single crystals of ruby have been grown successfully by the floating zone method under air atmosphere. The size of the grown crystal is typically 60‐70 mm in length and 7‐8 mm in diameter. The obtained crystals were red and did not have any macroscopic defects such as cracks and inclusions. Grown crystals were characterized by powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD) methods, polarized optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The absorption and fluorescence spectra were measured at room temperature and the dielectric constant measurements of ruby crystals were also presented. Defects occurring in single crystals of ruby during crystal growth by floating zone method are described, and their correlation with the growth parameters is discussed. The origin and control of these defects in grown crystals were studied and the optimum method was proposed. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Determining the stability margin in linear interval parameter electric circuits via a DAE model
Authors: Kolev Lubomir 
Published: February 2011

SUMMARYThis paper addresses the problem of determining the stability margin Ms in linear time‐invariant electric circuits whose parameters R, L, C, M and controlled source coefficients α are allowed to take on fixed but unknown values within corresponding preset intervals. A method for solving the above robust stability problem is suggested. Unlike previous results resorting to the state–space formulation, the new method is based on an appropriate description of the circuit considered using a specific model in semi‐state form. The set of differential algebraic equations (DAEs) thus obtained contain the circuit parameters in a linear manner. The latter property permits Ms to be determined in an efficient way using the right endpoint of the range related to the real part of the first (closest to the imaginary axis) eigenvalue of a corresponding interval generalized eigenvalue problem. The new method is shown to have polynomial numerical complexity with respect to the size of the generalized eigenvalue problem. Two numerical examples illustrating the new DAE approach are provided. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Interoperability of time series cytometric data: A cross platform approach for modeling tumor heterogeneity
Authors: Khan Imtiaz A. , Lupi Monica , Campbell Lee , Chappell Sally C. , Brown M. Rowan , Wiltshire Marie , Smith Paul J. , Ubezio Paolo , Errington Rachel J. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe cell cycle, with its highly conserved features, is a fundamental driver for the temporal control of cell proliferation—while abnormal control and modulation of the cell cycle are characteristic of tumor cells. The principle aim in cancer biology is to seek anunderstanding of the origin and nature of innate and acquired heterogeneity at the cellular level, driven principally by temporal and functional asynchrony. A major bottleneck when mathematically modeling these biological systems is the lack of interlinked structured experimental data. This often results in the in silico models failing to translate the specific hypothesis into parameterized terms that enable robust validation and hence would produce suitable prediction tools rather than just simulation tools. The focus has been on linking data originating from different cytometric platforms and cell‐based event analysis to inform and constrain the input parameters of a compartmental cell cycle model, hence partly measuring and deconvolving cell cycle heterogeneity within a tumor population. Our work has addressed the concept that the interoperability of cytometric data, derived from different cytometry platforms, can complement as well as enhance cellular parameters space, thus providing a more broader and in‐depth view of the cellular systems. The initial aim was to enable the cell cycle model to deliver an improved integrated simulation of the well‐defined and constrained biological system. From a modeling perspective, such a cross platform approach has provided a paradigm shift from conventional cross‐validation approaches, and from a bioinformatics perspective, novel computational methodology has been introduced for integrating and mapping continuous data with cross‐sectional data. This establishes the foundation for developing predictive models and in silico tracking and prediction of tumor progression. © 2011 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
A novel IEEE 802.11‐based MAC protocol supporting cooperative communications
Authors: Liu Wei , Jin Huan , Wang Xinbing , Guizani Mohsen 
Published: February 2011

AbstractCooperative diversity is a transmission technique, where multiple terminals form a virtual antenna array that realizes spatial diversity gain in a distributed fashion. The concept of cooperation has already been introduced to MAC layer to design MAC protocol. But it does not take advantage of physical layer's cooperation. In this paper, we present a novel MAC protocol based on IEEE 802.11, called C‐MAC, which is able to support the basic building block of cooperative system. In other words, in C‐MAC, a source would invite a relay node into data transmission if there exits an available one. During data transmission, the source sends the signal to destination in the first time slot. The relay node will retransmit the overheard information to the destination in the second time slot. The destination combines two signals from the source and the helper to create the spatial diversity and robustness against channel fading. The C‐MAC is backward compatible to the legacy IEEE 802.11 system. The performance of C‐MAC mainly depends on physical layer's performance as it just provides the support for cooperation at the MAC layer. If the physical layer works well, C‐MAC would outperform IEEE 802.11 when considering packet error rate (PER). We also perform extensive simulation using ns‐2 with assumptive physical parameters. The results show that C‐MAC would outperform 802.11 if PER is over some threshold, e.g. when PER is 0.4, C‐MAC can achieve up to 11.5% higher throughput than IEEE 802.11. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The eating disorders examination in adolescent males with anorexia nervosa: How does it compare to adolescent females?
Authors: Darcy Alison M. , Doyle Angela Celio , Lock James , Peebles Rebecka , Doyle Peter , Le Grange Daniel 
Published: February 2011

AbstractObjective:The study aimed to explore the Eating Disorder Examination (EDE) for adolescent males with eating disorders (EDs) compared with adolescent females with EDs.Method:Data were collected from 48 males and matched on percent median body weight (MBW) and age to 48 females at two sites.Results:Adolescent males with anorexia nervosa‐type presentation scored significantly lower than matched females on Shape Concern, Weight Concern, and Global score. They also scored lower on a number of individual items.Discussion:The EDE has clinical utility with adolescent males with anorexic‐type presentation although males' scoring ranges are consistently lower than those from adolescent females with similar clinical presentations. Males scored significantly lower on a number of items representing core symptoms such as desire to lose weight. More research is needed to gain a better understanding of the experience of adolescent males with EDs, particularly in relation to the nature of shape concern. © 2011 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2012)
Secondary CD8+ T‐cell responses are controlled by systemic inflammation
Authors: Wirth Thomas C. , Martin Matthew D. , Starbeck‐Miller Gabriel , Harty John T. , Badovinac Vladimir P. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractRepeated infections and experimental prime‐boost regimens frequently result in the generation of secondary (2°) CD8+ T‐cell responses. In contrast to primary (1°) CD8+ T cells, the parameters that influence the abundance and phenotype of 2° effector and memory CD8+ T‐cell populations are largely unknown. Here, we analyze the impact of different booster infections, Ag curtailment, and systemic inflammation on the quality and quantity of secondary CD8+ T‐cell responses. We show that similar to 1° CD8+ T‐cell responses, the phenotype of 2° effector and memory CD8+ T‐cell populations is critically dependent on the nature of the infectious pathogen and the inflammatory milieu early after infection. In addition, systemic inflammation increases the number of 2° effector and memory CD8+ T cells after booster infections and immunizations. Therefore, our data reveal new means to boost the number of 2° effector and memory CD8+ T cells in prime‐boost regimens and show a surprisingly high degree of plasticity in 2° memory CD8+ T‐cell phenotype that is controlled by systemic inflammation.
Mechanistic Insights into the Reaction of Enantiomerically Pure Lithiosilanes and Electrophiles: Understanding the Differences between Aryl and Alkyl Halides
Authors: Däschlein Christian , Bauer Simeon O. , Strohmann Carsten 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe reactivity of enantiomerically pure lithiosilanes against aliphatic and aromatic halo electrophiles has been investigated with the focus on product composition and enantiomeric ratios as a basis for a better understanding of ongoing mechanisms. Both parameters are strongly influenced by both the organic group and the corresponding halide of the used electrophile. Thus, high stereoselectivities and yields are only obtained if one distinct reaction mechanism dominates. In the case of aliphatic electrophiles, experimental and quantum chemical studies support the preference of an SN2 mechanism for chlorides resulting in retention of configuration on silicon, whereas bromides tend to react under inversion through a halide–lithium exchange (ate complex). For aromatic electrophiles these relationships change: chlorides and bromides both favor the formation of an ate complex over nucleophilic aromatic substitution, leading to inversion of configuration on silicon.
Coordination of a Hemilabile N,N,S Donor Ligand in the Redox System [CuL2]+/2+, L = 2‐Pyridyl‐N‐(2′‐alkylthio­phenyl)methyleneimine
Authors: Schnödt Johannes , Manzur Jorge , García Ana‐Maria , Hartenbach Ingo , Su Cheng‐Yong , Fiedler Jan , Kaim Wolfgang 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe new copper(I) complexes [Cu(L1)2](BF4), L1 = 2‐pyridyl‐N‐(2′‐methylthiophenyl)methyleneimine, and [Cu(L2)2](ClO4), L2 = 2‐pyridyl‐N‐(2′‐benzylthiophenyl)methyleneimine, have been prepared and structurally characterized. In contrast to the known [Cu(L1)2](ClO4)2, which exhibits partial thioether S binding to effect five‐coordinate Cu2+, the copper(I) compounds reported here contain four‐coordinate metal ions with exclusively N‐donor binding. Cyclic voltammetry reveals a fully reversible oxidation of the CuI species, which suggests a small barrier for reorganization. The reduction at negative potentials is irreversible for compounds [Cu(L)2](X) and for the structurally characterized new compound [Cu(L1)(PPh3)2](ClO4). UV/Vis spectroelectrochemistry shows the typical low‐energy absorption bands of copper(I) (MLCT transition) and copper(II) (ligand‐field transition) in the visible region; the CuII form develops an intense band at 350 nm attributed to a S‐to‐Cu ligand‐to‐metal charge transfer (LMCT).
Asymmetric Organocatalytic Aza‐Friedel–Crafts Reaction of Naphthols with N‐Sulfonyl Imines
Authors: Chauhan Pankaj , Chimni Swapandeep Singh 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe first organocatalytic asymmetric aza‐Friedel–Crafts reaction of naphthols with N‐sulfonyl imines has been developed. The cupreine‐derived bifunctional organocatalyst BzCPN efficiently catalyzes the formation of aza‐Friedel–Crafts products in good to excellent yields (up to 99 %) with high enantioselectivities (up to 99.5:0.5 er) under mild reaction conditions, with a low catalyst loading (2–5 mol‐%), and in an aerobic environment.
Mechanically Interlocked Porphyrin Gears Propagating Two Different Rotational Frequencies
Authors: Ogi Soichiro , Ikeda Tomohiro , Wakabayashi Rie , Shinkai Seiji , Takeuchi Masayuki 
Published: February 2011

AbstractWe report a new supramolecular rotor (1), in which a lanthanum(III) bis(porphyrinate)s double‐decker (LaDD) bears two porphyrinatorhodium(III)‐based rotors whose planes aresituated orthogonally to one another. In [D2]dichloromethane, 1H NMR spectral results indicated that rotational information was transmitted from the LaDD rotor to two porphyrinatorhodium(III)‐based rotors through mechanical interaction of the teeth of the rotors. Mechanical interaction was achieved among the multiple rotors in 1 even after switching the rotational activity of the LaDD rotor by using [D5]pyridine. The spatial arrangement of the two porphyrinatorhodium(III)‐based rotors is a critical factor in maintaining mechanical interaction between multiple molecular rotors when changing the dynamic properties of one rotor.
Components of the Net Current in Differential Pulse Polarography. Part 2. Kinetics and Adsorption
Authors: Zelić Marina , Lovrić Milivoj 
Published: February 2011

AbstractComponents of the net response in differential pulse polarography were studied theoretically, assuming gradually changing electrode rate constant or strength of the reactant adsorption. The difference between the maximum potential of the peak component and the half‐wave potential of the wave component appear as an important parameter. From its value, the electrode rate constant can be calculated even when the standard potential is not known. In a reversible process, effects of the reactant adsorption on the mentioned separation are less pronounced. The results were compared with experimentally obtained effects. For deeper insight into the applicability of this approach, additional experimentally obtained polarograms (that reflect different potential/timing parameters or changing character of the electrode process) should be studied in terms of their components.
Impact of the Gold Support on the Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Sugars at Enzyme‐Modified Electrodes
Authors: Vidaković‐Koch Tanja , Ivanov Ivan , Falk Magnus , Shleev Sergey , Ruzgas Tautgirdas , Sundmacher Kai 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe influence of gold support on the bioelectrocatalytic activity of glucose oxidase and cellobiose dehydrogenase immobilized on self‐assembled monolayer‐modified high surface area gold electrodes such as rough gold and gold nanoparticles has been studied. The two types of enzyme‐modified electrodes showed very high activity towards sugar oxidation. However, it has been shown that the largest part of this electrocatalytic activity comes from the underlying gold surface. These findings are of special importance for bioelectrochemical studies of enzymatic electrodes, where the immobilization support might show electrocatalytic properties toward the substrates of investigated enzymes.
In vitro cormlet production and growth evaluation under greenhouse conditions in saffron (Crocus sativus L.) – A commercially important crop
Authors: Devi Kiran , Sharma Madhu , Singh Markandey , Singh Ahuja Paramvir 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe present study describes the effects of season on initial bud sprouting, direct shoot regeneration from the base of the sprouted bud, and cormlet production from multiple shoots, and provides growth evaluation of in vitro produced cormlets under greenhouse conditions. Initial sprouting of buds from corm segments was previously described in medium supplemented with 2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4‐D, 9.05 μM) and 6‐benzylaminopurine (BAP, 26.64 μM). Maximum bud sprouting (90%) was observed during November and December. Direct multiple shoot primordia were initiated from the base of these sprouted buds on BAP (26.64 μM). Multiplication of shoots was achieved in BAP (26.64 μM) and α‐naphthalene acetic acid (1.0 and 5.0 μM). Growth retardants (chlorocholine chloride and paclobutrazol) were used for cormlet production from multiple shoots, and paclobutrazol (1.7 μM) evinced maximum cormlet production (86.07%). Growth of these in vitro‐produced cormlets was evaluated under greenhouse conditions, and 91.66% sprouting was observed. An increase in cormlet weight (66.88%) was also observed under in vivo conditions.
Hepatocyte-targeted expression by integrase-defective lentiviral vectors induces antigen-specific tolerance in mice with low genotoxic risk
Authors: Mátrai Janka , Cantore Alessio , Bartholomae Cynthia C. , Annoni Andrea , Wang Wei , Acosta-Sanchez Abel , Samara-Kuko Ermira , De Waele Liesbeth , Ma Ling , Genovese Pietro , Damo Martina , Arens Anne , Goudy Kevin , Nichols Timothy C. , von Kalle Christof , L. Chuah Marinee K. , Roncarolo Maria Grazia , Schmidt Manfred , VandenDriessche Thierry , Naldini Luigi 
Published: February 2011

Abstract

Lentiviral vectors are attractive tools for liver-directed gene therapy because of their capacity for stable gene expression and the lack of preexisting immunity in most human subjects. However, the use of integrating vectors may raise some concerns about the potential risk of insertional mutagenesis. Here we investigated liver gene transfer by integrase-defective lentiviral vectors (IDLVs) containing an inactivating mutation in the integrase (D64V). Hepatocyte-targeted expression using IDLVs resulted in the sustained and robust induction of immune tolerance to both intracellular and secreted proteins, despite the reduced transgene expression levels in comparison with their integrase-competent vector counterparts. IDLV-mediated and hepatocyte-targeted coagulation factor IX (FIX) expression prevented the induction of neutralizing antibodies to FIX even after antigen rechallenge in hemophilia B mice and accounted for relatively prolonged therapeutic FIX expression levels. Upon the delivery of intracellular model antigens, hepatocyte-targeted IDLVs induced transgene-specific regulatory T cells that contributed to the observed immune tolerance. Deep sequencing of IDLV-transduced livers showed only rare genomic integrations that had no preference for gene coding regions and occurred mostly by a mechanism inconsistent with residual integrase activity.

Conclusion:

IDLVs provide an attractive platform for the tolerogenic expression of intracellular or secreted proteins in the liver with a substantially reduced risk of insertional mutagenesis. (Hepatology 2011;)
Loss of phosphatase and tensin homolog enhances cell invasion and migration through aKT/Sp-1 transcription factor/matrix metalloproteinase 2 activation in hepatocellular carcinoma and has clinicopathologic significance
Authors: Sze Karen Man-Fong , Wong Kris Lai-Ting , Chu Glanice Kin-Yan , Lee Joyce Man-Fong , Yau Tai-On , Oi-Lin Ng Irene 
Published: February 2011

Abstract

Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is frequently inactivated in cancers and is associated with advanced stages of cancers or metastasis. However, the molecular mechanism of PTEN in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastasis is unclear. In this study, we found frequent (47.5%, n = 40) protein underexpression of PTEN in human HCCs compared with their corresponding nontumorous livers. Significantly, PTEN underexpression was associated with larger tumor size (

P

= 0.021), tumor microsatellite formation (

P

= 0.027), and shorter overall survival of patients (

P

= 0.035). Using different cell models, we observed that PTEN-knockdown HCC cells and PTEN-knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) had enhanced cell migratory and invasive abilities. In addition to activation of AKT, there was up-regulation of the Sp1 transcription factor (SP1) and matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2), as well as MMP2 activation in PTEN-knockdown HCC cells and PTEN−/− MEFs. With dual luciferase reporter assay, exogenous expression of SP1 in HCC cells led to enhanced MMP2 promoter activity by up to 74%, whereas deletion of the putative SP1 binding site on the MMP2 promoter led to reduced promoter activity by up to 65%. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, we documented increased binding of SP1 to the MMP2 promoter in PTEN-knockdown HCC cells. Overexpression of SP1 and MMP2 was significantly but negatively associated with PTEN underexpression in human HCCs.

Conclusion:

Our results show that PTEN was underexpressed in HCCs, and this underexpression was associated with more aggressive biological behavior and poorer patient survival. We have provided the first evidence that MMP2 up-regulation upon PTEN loss is SP1-dependent. Our findings indicate that PTEN plays a significant role in down-regulating HCC cell invasion via the AKT/SP1/MMP2 pathway. (Hepatology 2011;)
New Patchoulol‐Type Sesquiterpenoids from Pogostemon cablin
Authors: Zhou Lei , Xu Min , Yang Chong‐Ren , Wang Yi‐Fei , Zhang Ying‐Jun 
Published: February 2011

AbstractFour new patchoulol derivatives, 8α,9α‐dihydroxypatchoulol (1), 3α,8α‐dihydroxypatchoulol (2), 6α‐hydroxypatchoulol (3), and 2β,12‐dihydroxypatchoulol (4), were isolated from the aerial part of Pogostemon cablin (Labiatae), together with nine known compounds, sesquiterpenoids 5–8 and flavonoids 9–13. Their structures were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic analysis, using 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR techniques.