bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Impressing Rate of Field on Polarization Reversal in Mg Doped Near Stoichiometric Lithium Tantalate Single Crystals
Authors: Ganesamoorthy Sarveswaran , Nakamura Masaru , Takekawa Shunji , Kumaragurubaran Somu , Terabe Kazuya , Kitamura Kenji 
Published: April 2011

ABSTRACTThe coercive field measured from ferroelectric hysteresis loop for pure and Mg:SLT (0.5 mol% doped) crystals were found to be independent of ramp rate of voltage, while it depends strongly on ramp rate for Mg:SLT (1 mol% doped) crystals. The measured coercive field decreased monotonously depending on the Mg concentration and low Ec value of 6 kV/cm is obtained for Mg(1.0 mol%)SLT crystal. Internal field of about 1 kV/cm present in pure SLT completely gets vanished in Mg(1.0 mol%)SLT. Spontaneous polarization is insensitive to the Mg addition. The origin of the internal field and large changes in switching fields appear largely to be dependent on the [Li]/[Li+Ta] ratio in crystals. On repeated cycling, the coercive field is found to have a marginal variation in pure and Mg doped SLT crystals.
New Magnetic Zintl Phases in Eu-In-P System
Authors: Jiang Jiong , Payne Amy C. , Kauzlarich Susan M. 
Published: April 2011

ABSTRACTSingle crystals of two new compounds, Eu3InP3 and Eu3In2P4, were prepared by In flux synthesis. Eu3InP3 crystallizes in the Pnma orthorhombic space group with a = 12.6517(15) Å, b = 4.2683(5) Å, c = 13.5643(14) Å, and Z = 4 while Eu3In2P4 belongs to Pnnm space group, a = 6.6999(6) Å, b = 16.1019(13) Å, c = 4.2725(4) Å, and Z = 2. These two compounds are isotypic to the main group compounds Sr3InP3 and Sr3In2P4 respectively. Both structures consist of distorted In-P tetrahedra and isolated Eu2+ ions. In Eu3InP3 these tetrahedra share corners to form one-dimensional chains. The Eu2+ ions occupy three different sites, and form a complicated network containing some triangles. In Eu3In2P4 these tetrahedra form edge-shared dimers, and these dimers form chains. Eu3InP3 shows unusual magnetic properties: there are three magnetic ordering transitions at 14 K, 10.4 K, and around 5 K and the magnetization curve shows steps in the low temperature region. Eu3In2P4 magnetically orders at 14.5 K. Its magnetization curve saturates at around 1T. Eu3InP3 and Eu3In2P4 are both semiconductors.
Effect of growth parameters on refractive index and film composition of plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition silicon oxynitride films
Authors: Naskar S. , Bower C. A. , Yadon L. N. , Wolter S.D. , Stoner B.R. , Glass J.T. 
Published: April 2011

ABSTRACTThe importance of silicon oxynitride (SiOxNy) for optoelectronic device applications is ever increasing owing to its tunable refractive index. In this research, the influence of deposition conditions on film properties, correlated with film composition and bonding, have been investigated. Thick SiOxNy films were deposited in a plasma enehanced chemical vapor deposition reactor using silane (SiH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) as precursor gases. To investigate the influence of deposition conditions on film properties, three different parameters were studied; gas flow ratio, RF plasma mixed frequency ratio and RF power. Several different SiOxNy films were deposited at varying conditions. The temperature and pressure were maintained at 350°C and 1 Torr during all the experimental runs. The films were characterized for refractive index, growth rate and residual stress. The refractive index and the thickness of the films were measured using a prism-coupling technique. For composition analysis, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies and elastic recoil detection analysis were undertaken. The materials analysis was used to determine the correlation between growth parameters and material chemistry. In addition, the correlation between material chemistry and refractive index was also investigated.
Effect of Al Additions on the Synthesis of Single-Phase Ti3SiC2
Authors: Sun ZhengMing , Yang Songlan , Hashimoto Hitoshi , Barsoum Michel W. 
Published: April 2011

ABSTRACTPowder mixtures of 3Ti/SiC/C/xAl with different Al contents (x=0∼0.2) were reactively sintered by pulse discharge sintering (PDS) process, to reveal the effect of Al addition on the single-phase bulk Ti3SiC2 synthesis. It was found that the optimal sintering temperature for the Ti3SiC2 synthesis is greatly decreased by the Al addition. Almost single-phase bulk Ti3SiC2 material can be synthesized from 3Ti/SiC/C/0.15Al and 3Ti/SiC/C/0.20Al powder mixtures at temperature as low as 1200°C for 15 min by PDS. And the optimal temperature range for the Ti3SiC2 formation is enlarged obviously by the Al addition.
Synthesis and Properties of [B/C] Layered Compounds.
Authors: Mori Takao 
Published: April 2011

ABSTRACTWe report synthesis and properties of layered compounds with 2D boron-and-carbon-mixed-atomic-layers which are related to topics of recent high interest. The previous discovery of the first [B/C] graphite intercalation-like compound Sc2B1.1C3.2 and evaluation of reported high temperature ferromagnetism in CaB2C2 are reviewed. MgB2 related [B/C] compounds MgB2C2 and LiBC were synthesized and hole doping carried out in search for superconducting materials with high TC. Superconductivity was not observed for any of the compounds above 1.8 K, but (Mg, Li)B2C2 is demonstrated to be the most promising system, with an insulator to metal transition indicated to be induced.
Synthesis of InP and InAs quantum rods using Indium Acetate and Myristic acid
Authors: Shweky Itzhak , Aharoni Assaf , Mokari Taleb , Nadler Moshe , Rothenberg Eli , Popov Inna , Banin Uri 
Published: April 2011

ABSTRACTThe development of solution based synthesis approaches for preparing nanocrystals of III-V semiconductor presents a significant & important challenge especially with relation to shape control to achieve rod growth. To this end, a novel approach for synthesis of soluble semiconductor quantum rods using metal nanoparticles to direct and catalyze one-dimensional growth is developed. The synthesis method is useful in particular for III-V semiconductor with cubic lattice, where the utilization of surfactant-controlled rod-growth is not easily realized. The growth takes place via the solution–liquid–solid (SLS) mechanism where proper precursors are injected into a coordinating solvent as we reported in earlier work for InAs nanorods. Herein, we report the synthesis of high quality InP nanorods using Indium Acetate and myristic acid with gold nanoparticles as the catalysts in the SLS growth mode. A similar route was successfully developed for the growth of InAs nanorods. We find that the amount of Au catalyst in the reaction is an important parameter to achieving shape control. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) images of InP and InAs nanocrystals revealed that the crystals are mostly rod-shaped. XRD measurements, absorption spectra were preformed for the nanorods characterization.
The Chemical Bonding of Organic-Inorganic in Hybrid Compounds
Authors: Dai Yadong , Guo Liling , Hu Minjie , Shi Kunyu , Min Xinmin , Cao Minhe , Liu Hanxing 
Published: April 2011

ABSTRACTAs has been discussed, research on the electronic structure between organic and inorganic atoms in hybrid compounds has become important. In our study, DV—Xα method was employed to calculate the electronic structure of the hybrid compound. The information obtained from the calculation included orbit charge, bonding order, Fermi energy, density of the state, etc. The influence of organic and inorganic parts on the energy band structure of the hybrid compound was discussed based on the calculation results of Fermi energy and density of state. The chemical bonding between organic and inorganic parts in the hybrid compound was also analyzed in detail according to the orbital charges and bond orders.
Dynamics of Silicon Nanostructures Under Laser Irradiation Studied Quantum Mechanically
Authors: Mazzone A.M. , Bianconi M. 
Published: April 2011

ABSTRACTThis study is motivated by recent applications of ultra-short laser pulses to the manipulation of structures on the atomic scale. It describes the energies and the time-scale needed to induce and to observe such changes. The structures adopted to this purpose are taken from the field of silicon nanotechnology and consist on monotaomic wires and small clusters of a columnar shape. These last ones are covered on both sides with an aluminum overlayer and can be regarded as the finite-size analogous of macroscopic electronic devices. The effect of laser is simply described as an increase of the kinetic energy in the nuclear subsystem. The calculations are based on real-time, real-space implementation of the semiempirical Hartree-Fock theory. The results show the occurrence of phenomena similar to recristallization and melting in the bulk and illustrate the dependence of these effects on the energy input and on the cluster size and composition.
Study and tailoring of composite and nanocomposite materials for lithium battery electrode application
Authors: Gaudefroy Vincent , Guy Delphine , Lestriez Bernard , Bouchet Renaud , Guyomard Dominique 
Published: April 2011

ABSTRACTTo increase electrode cycling performance in batteries, most researchers generally focus their work on the active material optimisation. Here we show that the polymeric binder of the composite electrode may have an important role on the electrode performance. We describe a new tailored polymeric binder combination with controlled polymer-filler (carbon black) interactions that allows the preparation of new and more efficient electrode architecture. Using this polymeric binder, composite electrodes based on Li1.2V3O8 display a room-temperature cycling capacity of 280 mAh/g (C/5 rate, 3.3–2 V) instead of 150 mAh/g using a standard-type (PVdF-HFP binder) composite electrode. We have coupled SEM observations, galvanostatic cycling and electronic conductivity measurements in order to define and understand the impact of the microstructure of the composite electrode on its electrochemical performance.
On the Origin of Color Degradation in Polyfluorenes – Block Copolymer Approach for Stable Blue Light Emission
Authors: Chochos Christos L. , Kallitsis Joannis K. , Gregoriou Vasilis G. 
Published: April 2011

ABSTRACTSpectroscopic studies on a series of rod-coil block copolymers with terfluorene as the rigid segment demonstrate that the main cause of color instability in fluorene oligomers and polymers is aggregate and/or excimer formation and not the presence of keto defects alone (fluorenone formation) along the molecular chain. Keto defects when are present contribute to the appearance of the undesirable ‘green’ emission band but are not the leading cause of color instability. Thus, the synthesis of materials where aggregation and/or inter-chain, inter-segment interactions are inhibited is the key approach for the production of stable polymeric light-emitting devices (PLED's). The potential of this method is verified by the synthesis of photo-oxidative stable fluorene/styrene diblock copolymer blue emitters.
Molecular Simulation of the Water Uptake and Glass Transition of Sulfonated Copolyimides as Polyelectrolytes for Fuel Cell Applications
Authors: Hu N. , Hsu A.T. 
Published: April 2011

ABSTRACTMolecular dynamics and Grand Canonical Monte Carlo simulations have been used to obtain the glass transition temperatures and the water uptake for polyimides synthesized from Naphthalene-1, 4, 5, 8-tetracaboxylic dianhydride (NTDA), 2, 2'-benzidinedisulfonic acid (BDSA), 4, 4'-diaminodiphenylether-2, 2'-disulfonic acid (ODADS), and non-sulfonated diamine monomers. The glass transition temperature Tgs of these polyimide copolymers have been determined from plots of specific volumes versus temperatures above and below Tgs. The simulation results suggest that the ODADS-based polyimide membranes have lower Tgs and better mechanical properties than the BDSA-based polyimides, which can be attributed to high mobility of the backbones of ODADS as supported by the vectorial autocorrelation function (VACF) results of this study. In addition, comparisons of the simulated Tgs for ODADS-based polyimides of various degrees of hydration show that water content in polyimides may enhance their mechanical properties by lowering the Tgs. In the case of water uptake of these polyimide copolymers, the GCMC simulation results indicate better water solubility for more sulfonated polymers.
Histoires de terroir
Authors: Wulff Helena 
Published: April 2011

Résumé L’Irlande possède une forte tradition littéraire qui pesa sur son passage à l’indépendance politique. De nos jours, cette tradition se développe grâce à une nouvelle génération d’écrivains tels que Chris Binchy, Anne Enright, Deirdre Madden, Éilís Ní Dhuibhne et Colm Tóibín. S’inspirant de Walter Benjamin et de ses deux types archaïques de conteurs – « le sédentaire qui laboure la terre » et le voyageur qui rapporte « les traditions de contrées lointaines » –, cet article montre comment des romans récents, situés en Irlande, se rattachent aux tropes de l’Irlande nouvelle et du monde entier.
Premières leçons de danse
Authors: Julhe Samuel , Mirouse Stéphanie 
Published: April 2011

Résumé L’image de la « jeune ballerine » ou du « petit rat de l’Opéra » est très largement évoquée dans l’ensemble des travaux portant sur les danseurs. Cependant peu se sont spécifiquement intéressés aux premières années d’apprentissage. Fondé sur un travail ethnographique auprès de deux groupes de jeunes danseuses débutantes, âgées de 4 à 11 ans, au croisement d’une sociologie de la socialisation, d’une sociologie de l’enfance et d’une sociologie interactionniste, cet article porte sur les modalités de socialisation corporelle de ces jeunes filles, en centrant le regard sur les oppositions entre contraintes pesant sur les attitudes corporelles et temps de relâchement.
A Pointwise Estimate for the Fourier Transform and Maxima of a Function
Authors: Berndt Ryan 
Published: April 2011

AbstractWe show a pointwise estimate for the Fourier transform on the line involving the number of times the function changes monotonicity. The contrapositive of the theorem may be used to find a lower bound to the number of local maxima of a function. We also show two applications of the theorem. The first is the two weight problem for the Fourier transform, and the second is estimating the number of roots of the derivative of a function.
Formation of solid solutions between racemic and enantiomeric citalopram oxalate
Authors: de Diego Heidi Lopez , Bond Andrew D. , Dancer Robert James 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe X‐ray powder diffractograms of racemic citalopram oxalate and (S)‐citalopram oxalate are very similar, but the melting point of the racemate is higher than that of the pure enantiomer. The higher melting point indicates that the racemate is a racemic compound, rather than a conglomerate. The crystal structure of the enantiomer contains two molecules of (S)‐citalopram in the asymmetric unit. The conformation of the two molecules is different but they approximate mirror images of each other if the aromatic groups are interchanged. The crystal structure of the racemate is essentially isostructural with that of the enantiomer, having almost the same cell parameters but containing a crystallographic inversion centre that is not retained in the enantiomer structure. The closely‐comparable crystal structures permit solid solutions to be formed between racemic and enantiomeric citalopram oxalate. Phase diagrams of the (R)‐citalopram and (S)‐citalopram oxalate system are constructed, and they show that solid solutions are formed at all ratios of the two enantiomers. Chirality, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synthesis and Antitumor Evaluation of Nitrovinyl Biphenyls: Anticancer Agents Based on Allocolchicines
Authors: Jain Nishant , Yada Divya , Shaik Thokhir B. , Vasantha Galanki , Reddy P. Surendra , Kalivendi Shasi V. , Sreedhar B. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractA new class of nitrovinyl biphenyl compounds based on the structures of colchicines and allocolchicines were designed, synthesized, and shown to inhibit tubulin polymerization and cause mitotic arrest. A majority of these compounds were found to possess potent anticancer properties, with IC50 values in the range of 0.05–7 μM, and are equally potent with colchicine in HeLa and MCF‐7 cells. Compounds 14 e and 14 f inhibited tubulin assembly by more than 60 %, and flow cytometry studies indicated growth arrest of cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle in a concentration‐dependent manner. Treatment of cells with 14 f resulted in upregulation of cyclin B1 and aurora kinase B mRNA levels, corresponding to growth arrest in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle as the mode of action.
T‐cell‐rich B‐cell lymphoma (TCRBCL): Limitations in fine‐needle aspiration cytodiagnosis
Authors: Das Dilip K. , Pathan Shahed K. , Mothaffer Fatma J. , John Bency , Mallik Mrinmay K. , Sheikh Zafar A. , Haji Bahiyah E. , Amir Thasneem , Francis Issam M. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractExclusive reports on fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytodiagnosis of T‐cell‐rich B‐cell lymphoma (TCRBCL) are scarce in literature. This report reflects the diagnostic difficulties associated with cytodiagnosis of this rare variant of diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma. The study is based on 11 cases with age ranging from 16 to 63 years and a median of 50 years. Male to female ratio was 6:5. Ten cases presented with lymphadenopathy and one had lymphadenopathy as well as extranodal solid tumor. The initial cytodiagnosis was suggestive of TCRBCL in one case, TCRBCL/Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) in three cases, TCRBCL/HL/anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) in two cases, TCRBCL/ALCL in one case, and TCRBCL/non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) T‐cell/ALCL in one case. There was also a cytologically diagnosed HL case, which on review turned out to be HL/TCRBCL. Histopathological diagnosis was HL in all these nine cases. There were two histologically diagnosed TCRBCL cases during this period, with cytodiagnoses of NHL other than TCRBCL in one and HL in the other. While highlighting the difficulties associated with the cytodiagnosis of TCRBCL, this study conveys a word of caution that adequate immunocytochemical studies should be performed before diagnosing this rare neoplasm with a varied cytomorphology. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mealtimes on eating disorder wards: A two‐study investigation
Authors: Long Stacey , Wallis Deborah J. , Leung Newman , Arcelus Jon , Meyer Caroline 
Published: April 2011

AbstractObjective:This research had two aims. First, to assess the current mealtime practices within UK eating disorders units. Second, to investigate staff perspectives of these mealtimes, including their involvement and understanding of patients' experience.Method:Study 1 involved a survey to assess mealtime protocols across 22 eating disorders units. In Study 2, sixteen semistructured interviews were conducted with staff at three eating disorders units.Results:Between and within‐unit variation exist regarding the implementation of mealtimes. Thematic analysis revealed that staff perceived their provision of mealtimes to be influenced by their own interpersonal difficulties created by the meals. Additionally, they perceived that these issues could be aided by forward planning, successful teamwork, and focused staff training.Discussion:There is a need for specialized mealtime implementation training. Furthermore, research is required to evaluate current mealtime practices from patient perspectives and to determine the impact of modified mealtime approaches on treatment outcome. © 2011 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2012)
Cot/tpl2 activity is required for TLR‐induced activation of the Akt p70 S6k pathway in macrophages: Implications for NO synthase 2 expression
Authors: López‐Peláez Marta , Soria‐Castro Irene , Boscá Lisardo , Fernández Margarita , Alemany Susana 
Published: April 2011

AbstractLPS stimulation activates IKK and different MAP kinase pathways, as well as the PI3K‐Akt‐mTOR‐p70 S6k pathway, a negative regulator of these MyD88‐dependent intracellular signals. Here, we show that Cot/tpl2, a MAP3K responsible for the activation of the MKK1‐Erk1/2, controls P‐Ser473 Akt and P‐Thr389 p70 S6k phosphorylation in LPS‐stimulated macrophages. Analysis of the intracellular signalling in Cot/tpl2 KO macrophages versus WT macrophages reveals lower IκBα recovery and higher phosphorylation of JNK and p38α after 1 h of LPS stimulation. Moreover, Cot/tpl2 deficiency increases LPS‐induced NO synthase 2 (NOS2) expression in macrophages. Inhibition of the PI3K pathway abolishes the differences in IκBα and NOS2 expression between Cot/tpl2 KO and WT macrophages following LPS administration. Furthermore, in zymosan‐ and polyI:C‐stimulated macrophages, Cot/tpl2 mediates P‐Ser473 Akt phosphorylation, increases IκBα levels and decreases NOS2 expression. In conclusion, these data reveal a novel role for the Cot/tpl2 pathway in mediating TLR activation of the Akt‐mTOR‐p70 S6k pathway, allowing Cot/tpl2 to fine‐control the activation state of other signalling pathways.
Global spatial regularity for a regularized elasto‐plastic model
Authors: Knees Dorothee 
Published: April 2011

AbstractIn this note the spatial regularity of weak solutions for a class of elasto‐viscoplastic evolution models is studied for nonsmooth domains. The considered class comprises models which are obtained through a Yosida regularization from classical, rate‐independent elasto‐plastic models. The corresponding evolution model consists of an elliptic PDE for the (generalized) displacements which is coupled with an ordinary differential equation with a Lipschitz continuous nonlinearity describing the evolution of the internal variable. It is shown that the global spatial regularity of the displacements and the inner variables is exactly determined through the mapping properties of the underlying elliptic operator (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A primal‐dual formulation for infinitesimal nonlocal plasticity with hardening
Authors: Wieners Christian 
Published: April 2011

AbstractWe show that the nonlocal model for infinitesimal elasto‐plasticity with nonlinear isotropic hardening proposed by Gurtin and Reddy in Continuum Mech. Thermodyn. 21 (2009) can be written as a model of monotone‐gradient type, and we introduce a discrete primal‐dual formulation for the corresponding incremental problem which allows to use standard return mapping algorithms (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
On thermodynamically consistent models and gradient structures for thermoplasticity
Authors: Mielke Alexander 
Published: April 2011

AbstractIt is investigated in what sense thermoplasticity can be written as a generalized gradient system with respect to the total entropy and the entropy‐production potential. The difficulty is that the quasistatic equilibrium equation for the elastic forces is obtained by minimizing the total energy and that this condition must be eliminated suitably. The subtle interplay between energy and entropy is treated via the formalism of GENERIC (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Existence results for a nonlinear evolution equation containing a composition of two monotone operators
Authors: Kraynyukova Nataliya 
Published: April 2011

AbstractWe present an existence result for an evolution equation with a nonlinear operator, which is a composition of two monotone mappings. The first monotone mapping is a subdifferential of the indicator function of some convex set while the other is constructed as the Nemyckii operator of a monotone function. Such equations arise from the mathematical models, which describe piezoelectric material behavior. Under some additional assumptions we prove the existence and uniqueness of the strong solution for the case, when the operator generated by the monotone function is a Lipschitz continuous mapping. In the case of a nonlinear growth of the monotone function we prove the existence of the strong solution (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)