bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Establishment of the administrative expulsion as an element of the State's migration policy
Authors: Shumskii Viktor Vasilyevich , Tkachenko Vladimir Vasilyevich , Kolenichenko Vasilii Vasilyevich 
Published: May 2024

The article examines the issues of formation and legal regulation of the institution of administrative expulsion in the domestic legal system, as well as special institutions – temporary detention centers for foreign citizens of the territorial bodies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. These institutions are, under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia and possessing administrative legal personality, specialized regime law enforcement agencies established in order to comply with legal requirements in terms of: implementing the execution of administrative expulsion from the country, deportation or readmission, as well as isolation from society of immigrants subject to forced expulsion from the Russian Federation, deportation or readmission. The socio-economic and political changes that took place during the time period under consideration had an impact on the development of the democratization of society, manifested in respect and observance of human rights and freedoms in modern Russia, and led to the formation of legal norms governing the organization and activities of special institutions. The analysis of legislative acts related to the legal regulation of administrative expulsion and special institutions was carried out, statistical data for 2022 were analyzed. The authors identify the current problems that arise in the activities of Temporary Detention Centers for foreign citizens, related both to imperfect interaction with other government agencies (FSSP), and personnel issues, and logistical support. In connection with the identified problems, the authors propose certain proposals for improving the activities of temporary Detention Centers for foreign citizens. In particular, it is proposed to increase the number of personnel; reduce or not involve civilians at all in the protection of temporary Detention Centers for foreign citizens; differentiate the activities of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Federal Bailiff Service so that this service is actually engaged in expulsion and deportation, that is, escorted foreign citizens from temporary Detention Centers for foreign citizens to places of official expulsion.
The problems of introducing distance learning technologies into the process of education for convicts in the context of digital transformation
Authors: Guseyan Gulya Ovikovna , Bondareva Anastasiya Vladimirovna , Himedenova Dina Nikolaevna 
Published: May 2024

The subject of this article is the problem of the introduction of distance learning technologies in the process of education by convicts in the context of digital transformation. The article examines the main normative legal acts regulating the right of convicts to education; characterizes the problems existing in the penitentiary system when convicts receive education; examines the experience of using distance learning technologies by foreign countries, evaluates the possibility of applying their experience in the Russian penitentiary system. The relevance of the topic is due to the fact that the possibility of convicts receiving education in Russia applies only to certain categories of convicts, which is considered ineffective in the current conditions of humanization. In addition, remote technologies that have proven their worth and importance are practically not used in the modern penitentiary system, which is seen as a serious disadvantage and requires special attention. The main purpose of the study is to develop the possibilities and prospects for the implementation of the process of distance learning of convicts in Russia. Along with general scientific methods, the authors also used special legal methods (system-analytical, comparative legal, statistical) in the preparation of this article. Based on the conducted research, prospects have been identified that contribute to the successful introduction of distance learning technologies into the Russian penal system. The optimal way to solve the stated problems will be the legislative regulation of the possibility of obtaining education using distance learning technologies for all categories of convicts, as well as the development of effective programs and courses through which persons serving imprisonment could gain knowledge and master a particular profession.
Microbiological Assessment of Commercial Antibiotic Discs from selected Pharmacies in Bwari Area Council, Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Magrapedo Moses Daniel , Ozoude Theresa Obiageli 
Published: May 2024

Aims: To assess the potency of two brands of locally prepared antibiotics against two bacterial species.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Microbiology, Veritas University, Abuja, Nigeria, between September 2021 and February 2022.
Methodology: We purchased two brands of antibiotics and obtained our test isolates from General hospital in Bwari, Abuja. The test isolates were characterized both routinely and molecularly by Sanqer sequencing method to confirm the species. Agar diffusion method was employed to assess the effectiveness of the antibiotics on the test isolates. Finally, the results were compared with the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI).
Results: The isolates obtained from the Bwari Genera l Hospital were characterized routinely and molecularly to identify the species. Disc - agar diffusion modified method was employed while the potencies of the discs were compared with approved standards of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). The two brands which are locally made and available in multidisc panels, demonstrated performances against Staphylococcus sciuri and Proteus mirabilis but showed significant variations in concentrations and in their inhibitory zone diameters. Both brands containing Tarivid (10 µg) produced only a small zone against Proteus mirabilis, while Streptomycin (30 µg) and Gentamycin (10 µg) exhibited unreadable zones against Staphylococcus sciuri. Unreadable zones of inhibition, which implies large zones that merged together and exceeded plate diameters at the time of reading; were common with both brands and can lead to mis-information, increase in the susceptibility of resistant organisms and eventually, drug abuse.
Conclusion: The result of this assessment shows, that there is gross variation in these commercially available but locally prepared antibiotic discs. The disparity in the types of antimicrobial agents and their concentrations will pose a delicate problem to clinical microbiologists and subsequently in the diagnosis, administration of antibiotics and the likelihood of drug resistance.
Exploring the Role of Active Photosynthetic Pigments in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Crop Growth Process
Authors: Djibrilla Alio Sanda M. , Abdourahimou Koraou N. , Issa Samna Mainassara , Adamou Hassane , Abdoulkadri Ayouba M. , Illyassou Karimoun M. , Abdoulkader Atto H. , Aissetou Drame Yaye , Rabani Adamou 
Published: May 2024

Photosynthesis is a necessary process for plants during which light energy is absorbed via pigments present in leaves for essential processes and needs of the particular plant. This work identified and studied the active photosynthetic pigments in tomato crop (Solanum lycopersicum) at each growth stage and grown in an open field under Sahelian conditions. Phytochemical screening, UV-visible and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thin layer chromatography analyses were done on tomatoes leaves samples. The results, first, revealed the presence of phytoconstituents such as triterpenoids and carotenoids. Then, UV spectra combined with FTIR and thin layer chromatography showed that chlorophylls (a and b), xanthophyll (lutein) and carotene (mostly β) are being synthesized at different proportions during all growth stages. Besides, the photosynthetic pigments showed more activity during the flowering stage than at the other growth stages. The various action spectra showed intense absorption within the intervals 400 – 510 nm and 560 – 710 nm which seem to be vital radiation ranges for photosynthesis. Knowing these optimum plant’s needs can help in a choice of better outdoor and indoor cultivation conditions that can ensure necessary radiations for optimum plant growth.
Engineering Disorder in Superdiffusive Lévy Glasses
Authors: Bertolotti Jacopo , Vynck Kevin , Pattelli Lorenzo , Barthelemy Pierre , Lepri Stefano , Wiersma Diederik S. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractDisorder is known to have a substantial impact on light transport in optical materials. In particular, when properly tuned, disorder can unveil optical properties that common, periodically patterned materials do not possess. In this paper, a method to realize disordered dielectric materials dubbed Lévy glasses, in which light transport is superdiffusive, is presented. The degree of superdiffusion is set by engineering the spatial inhomogeneity of the scatterer density in the material. A model that relates the microscopic parameters to the macroscopic transport properties of Lévy glasses is given and the signature of superdiffusion on the transmission profile in a slab configuration is shown experimentally.
Gold‐Nanocluster‐Based Fluorescent Sensors for Highly Sensitive and Selective Detection of Cyanide in Water
Authors: Liu Yanlan , Ai Kelong , Cheng Xiaoli , Huo Lihua , Lu Lehui 
Published: February 2010

AbstractA novel, gold‐nanocluster‐based fluorescent sensor for cyanide in aqueous solution, which is based on the cyanide etching‐induced fluorescence quenching of gold nanoclusters, is reported. In addition to offering high selectivity due to the unique Elsner reaction between cyanide and the gold atoms of gold nanoclusters, this facile, environmentally friendly and cost‐effective method provides high sensitivity. With this sensor, the lowest concentration to quantify cyanide ions could be down to 200 × 10−9 M, which is approximately 14 times lower than the maximum level (2.7 × 10−6 M) of cyanide in drinking water permitted by the World Health Organization (WHO). Furthermore, several real water samples spiked with cyanide, including local groundwater, tap water, pond water, and lake water, are analyzed using the sensing system, and experimental results show that this fluorescent sensor exhibits excellent recoveries (over 93%). This gold‐nanocluster‐based fluorescent sensor could find applications in highly sensitive and selective detection of cyanide in food, soil, water, and biological samples.
Synthetic Methodologies for Carbon Nanomaterials
Authors: Liu Zhaoping , Zhou Xufeng , Qian Yitai 
Published: February 2010

AbstractCarbon nanomaterials have advanced rapidly over the last two decades and are among the most promising materials that have already changed and will keep on changing human life. Development of synthetic methodologies for these materials, therefore, has been one of the most important subjects of carbon nanoscience and nanotechnology, and forms the basis for investigating the physicochemical properties and applications of carbon nanomaterials. In this Research News article, several synthetic strategies, including solvothermal reduction, solvothermal pyrolysis, hydrothermal carbonization, and soft‐chemical exfoliation are specifically discussed and highlighted, which have been developed for the synthesis of novel carbon nanomaterials over the last decade.
New Vanadium Oxide Nanostructures: Controlled Synthesis and Their Smart Electrical Switching Properties
Authors: Wu Changzheng , Wei He , Ning Bo , Xie Yi 
Published: February 2010

AbstractControl over the different polymorphs of vanadium oxide that possess electrical switching properties is advancing rapidly as a result of the need to address energy‐efficiency issues; an example of which is the intelligent regulation of infrared light demonstrated by these polymorphs. Recent advances in the development of new vanadium oxide structures as well as their promising electrical switching properties are summarized here. Theoretical analysis and experimental results suggest that the presence of infinite vanadium ion chains in the crystal structure plays a decisive role in determining the electrical properties of vanadium oxides. The successful synthesis of new vanadium oxide materials and their nanostructures not only promotes a mechanistic understanding of the temperature‐driven electrical switching properties but also provides the right materials for constructing smart devices that can selectively filter out infrared light.
Simulation of particle migration in free‐surface flows
Authors: Min Kyung Hoon , Kim Chongyoup 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe migration of particles in free surface flows using the diffusive flux model was investigated. As the free‐surface flows, a planar jet flow and a slot coating flow were chosen. The suspension was assumed to be a Newtonian fluid with a particle concentration dependent viscosity. The governing equations were solved numerically by the finite volume method, and the free‐surface problem was handled by the volume of the fraction model. The result shows that even though the velocity profile is fully developed and becomes flat, the particle distribution never reaches the uniform distribution for both of the cases. It is also shown that the die swell of the free jet is reduced compared to the Newtonian fluid and when the particle loading is 0.5, die contraction is observed. The change in die swell characteristics is purely due to particle migration since the suspension model does not show normal stress differences. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2010
Intellectual disability, midface hypoplasia, facial hypotonia, and alport syndrome are associated with a deletion in Xq22.3
Authors: Rodriguez Jayson D. , Bhat Shambhu S. , Meloni Ilaria , Ladd Sydney , Leslie Nancy D. , Doyne Emanuel O. , Renieri Alessandra , DuPont Barbara R. , Stevenson Roger E. , Schwartz Charles E. , Srivastava Anand K. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractAlport syndrome with intellectual disability (ID) is a contiguous gene deletion syndrome involving several genes on Xq22.3 including COL4A5 and ACSL4. We report on a family with two males with this disorder and a Xq22.3 deletion. Fluorescent in situ hybridization and genomic analyses mapped the deletion region to between exon 1 of COL4A5 and exon 12 of ACSL4. The patients' mother has microscopic hematuria and was found to be heterozygous for the Xq22.3 deletion. Analysis using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction of lymphoblastoid cell line RNA from an affected male in the family revealed a stable chimeric transcript with the ACSL4 exons 13–17 replaced by a cryptic exon from intron 1 of the COL4A5 gene. A truncated 54 kDa protein was predicted from this transcript but Western blot analysis and ACSL4 enzyme assay both showed functional nullisomy of ACSL4. We also compared the clinical features of the family with three previously reported families with the ACSL4 gene deletion and found that ID with absent or severely delayed speech, midface hypoplasia, and facial hypotonia are consistent features observed in the absence of ACSL4 gene. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
VACTERL association in a cat
Authors: Moura Enio , Cirio Silvana M. , Villanova José A. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractWe describe a female domestic cat with apparent VATER/VACTERL association, including vertebral abnormalities, anal atresia, radial agenesis, and cardiovascular and renal defects. If we consider the acronym VATER, this cat had a triad (VAR); however, if we consider the extended acronym VACTERL, she had a pentad (VACRL). © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of germline mutations in the Ras/MAPK signaling pathway on adaptive behavior: Cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome and Noonan syndrome
Authors: Pierpont Elizabeth I. , Pierpont Mary Ella , Mendelsohn Nancy J. , Roberts Amy E. , Tworog‐Dube Erica , Rauen Katherine A. , Seidenberg Mark S. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractCardiofaciocutaneous syndrome (CFC) and Noonan syndrome (NS) are two phenotypically overlapping genetic disorders whose underlying molecular etiologies affect a common signaling pathway. Mutations in the BRAF, MEK1, and MEK2 genes cause most cases of CFC and mutations in PTPN11, SOS1, KRAS, and RAF1 typically cause NS. Although both syndromes are associated with developmental delays of varying severity, the extent to which the behavioral profiles differ may shed light on the different roles these respective genes play in development of skills necessary for everyday functioning. In this study, profiles of adaptive behavior of individuals with CFC and NS who had confirmed pathogenic mutations in Ras/mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway genes were investigated. Patterns of strengths and weaknesses, age‐related differences, and risk factors for difficulties in adaptive skills were assessed. Although genes acting more downstream in the Ras/MAPK pathway were associated with more difficulties in adaptive functioning than genes more upstream in the pathway, several inconsistencies highlight the wide spectrum of possible developmental courses in CFC and NS. Along with clinical and genetic factors, variables such as chronological age, gestational age at birth, and parental education levels accounted for significant variance in adaptive skills. Results indicate that there is wide heterogeneity in adaptive functioning in CFC and NS, but that these abilities are correlated to some extent with the specific disease‐causing genes. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mosaic deletion 11p13 in a child with dopamine beta‐hydroxylase deficiency—Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Erez A. , Li J. , Geraghty M.T. , Ben‐Shachar S. , Cooper M.L. , Mensing D.E. , Vonalt K.D. , Ou Z. , Pursley A.N. , Chinault A.C. , Patel A. , Cheung S.W. , Sahoo T. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractDopamine beta‐hydroxylase (DBH) deficiency is characterized by a lack of sympathetic noradrenergic function. Affected individuals exhibit profound deficits in autonomic regulation of cardiovascular function. The diagnosis of DBH deficiency is based on clinical findings, biochemical studies, and sequencing of DBH gene. We report here the characterization of a mosaic cytogenetic abnormality detected by array‐CGH in a 16‐year‐old female with primary DBH deficiency together with dysmorphic features. These features could not be explained by DBH deficiency leading to further investigation. Karyotype was reported normal (46,XX), while a targeted genomic array‐CGH revealed a mosaic loss for a segment of at least 1 Mb across 11p13. This segmental loss included the PAX6 and WT1 genes within the WAGR syndrome critical region. Interestingly, the derivative chromosome 11 was observed only in about 28% of cells analyzed. Utilizing a genome‐wide oligonucleotide‐based array, the deletion segment was estimated to encompass a segment of ∼10 Mb. Mosaic deletions of 11p13 in WAGR are extremely uncommon. In this case it is distinctly possible that the patient's bilateral iris colobomata might be a manifestation, albeit abbreviated, of the haploinsufficiency for PAX6. This case highlights the importance of cytogenetic analysis when a mutation alone cannot account for the complete phenotype. It also emphasizes the enhanced ability of high‐resolution array‐CGH techniques in accurately detecting subtle rearrangements in a mosaic form. Finally, it demonstrates the possible phenotypic effects of low‐level PAX6 haploinsufficiency in a dosage‐sensitive manner. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Monozygotic twins discordant for neurofibromatosis 1
Authors: Kaplan Lee , Foster Rosemary , Shen Yiping , Parry Dilys M. , McMaster Mary L. , O'Leary Melanie Collins , Gusella James F. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractWe present monozygotic twins discordant for the autosomal dominant disorder neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). The affected twin was diagnosed with NF1 at age 12, based upon accepted clinical criteria for the disorder. Both twins were re‐examined at ages 35 and 57, at which times the unaffected twin continued to show no clinical manifestations of NF1. Short tandem repeat marker (STR) genotyping at 10 loci on chromosome 17 and 10 additional loci dispersed across the genome revealed identical genotypes for the twins, confirming their monozygosity. The affected twin has three children, two of whom also have NF1, while the unaffected twin has two children, both unaffected. Using lymphoblastoid, fibroblast, and buccal cell samples collected from both twins and from other family members in three generations, we discovered a pathogenic nonsense mutation in exon 40 of the NF1 gene. This mutation was found in all cell samples from the affected twin and her affected daughter, and in lymphoblastoid and buccal cells but not fibroblasts from the unaffected twin. We also found a novel non‐synonymous change in exon 16 of the NF1 gene that was transmitted from the unaffected mother to both twins and co‐segregated with the pathogenic mutation in the ensuing generation. All cells from the twins were heterozygous for this apparent exon 16 polymorphism and for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within 2.5 kb flanking the site of the exon 40 nonsense mutation. This suggests that the NF1 gene of the unaffected twin differed in the respective lymphoblastoid cells and fibroblasts only at the mutation site itself, making post‐zygotic mutation leading to mosaicism the most likely mechanism of phenotypic discordance. Although the unaffected twin is a mosaic, the distribution of the mutant allele among different cells and tissues appears to be insufficient to cause overt clinical manifestations of NF1. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
c. 595‐596 insC of FOXC2 underlies lymphedema, distichiasis, ptosis, ankyloglossia, and Robin sequence in a Thai patient
Authors: Tanpaiboon Pranoot , Kantaputra Piranit , Wejathikul Karn , Piyamongkol Wirawit 
Published: February 2010

AbstractLymphedema–distichiasis syndrome is a rare primary lymphedema inherited as an autosomal dominant disorder. The characteristic features consist of late onset‐lymphedema and distichiasis together with other occasionally seen features including varicose vein, cleft palate, ptosis, and congenital heart diseases. FOXC2 is the gene found to be associated with this syndrome. We report here the first Thai patient who has characteristic features of this syndrome and the infrequently described features including ankyloglossia, and Robin sequence which consists of glossoptosis, cleft palate, and micrognathia. Mutation analysis of FOXC2 revealed c. 595‐596 insC. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Postnatal growth retardation, facial dysmorphism, spondylocarpal synostosis, cardiac defect, and inner ear malformation (cardiospondylocarpofacial syndrome?)—A distinct syndrome?
Authors: Sousa Sérgio B. , Baujat Geneviéve , Abadie Véronique , Bonnet Damien , Sidi Daniel , Munnich Arnold , Krakow Deborah , Cormier‐Daire Valérie 
Published: February 2010

AbstractWe report on two unrelated cases born to nonconsanguineous parents with a similar clinical presentation: hypotonia since the neonatal period, severe failure to thrive, postnatal growth retardation, facial dysmorphism, congenital cardiac defects (septal defect and non progressive multiple valve dysplasia), shortened extremities, carpal/tarsal and extensive vertebral synostosis, delayed carpal bone age, deafness, and inner ear malformations. Presently, both patients present with normal psychomotor development. Additional abnormal findings include extra oral frenulum, nasal speech, and vesico‐ureteral reflux. Molecular analysis in one patient excluded the Noggin gene and Filamin B (FLNB) was excluded in the other patient. Although some features are similar to spondylocarpotarsal synostosis syndrome, the exclusion of FLNB and this constellation of findings suggest a new entity, closely similar to an autosomal dominant condition reported by Forney et al. 1966 in a unique family. Identification of similarly affected patients should aid in the further elucidation of this syndrome. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.