bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ferrocene‐Functionalized Disubstituted Polyacetylenes with High Light Refractivity: Synthesis through Polymer Reaction by Using Click Chemistry and Application as Precursors to Magnetic Nanoparticles
Authors: Jim Cathy K. W. , Qin Anjun , Mahtab Faisal , Lam Jacky W. Y. , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: August 2011

AbstractFerrocene‐functionalized disubstituted polyacetylenes are synthesized in high yields by copper‐catalyzed click reactions of azido‐decorated poly(1‐phenyl‐1‐hexyne) and poly(diphenylacetylene) with 1‐ethynylferrocene. All the organometallic polymers are soluble and film‐forming. They enjoy high thermal stability (≥300 °C) and are redox‐active. Thanks to the ferrocenyl units, thin films of the polymers show high refractive indices (n=1.745–1.698) in the wavelength region of 400–1700 nm as well as high Abbé numbers (vD’ up to 426) and low optical dispersions (D’ down to 0.002) at telecommunication important wavelengths. Pyrolyses of the polymers under nitrogen furnish magnetic ceramics with high magnetizabilities.
Robust Stability and Stabilization Criteria for Discrete Singular Time‐Delay LPV Systems
Authors: Zhang Xian , Zhu Huanyu 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThis paper is concerned with establishing robust stability and stabilization criteria for discrete singular time‐delay linear parameter varying (LPV) systems. Firstly, a robust stability criterion is obtained for this class of systems by a delay‐partition approach, and thereby a less conservative sufficient condition which guarantees discrete singular time‐delay LPV systems to be admissible is given. Secondly, a class of state feedback controllers for stabilizing discrete singular time‐delay LPV systems is designed. Finally, compared with existing results, the numerical results of several examples illustrate the effectiveness of the approach proposed in this paper.Copyright © 2011 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society
Einfluss der Verbundtragwirkung bei mehrschichtigen Stahlbetonwandtafeln mit innen liegender Wärmedämmung
Authors: Pahn Matthias , Schnell Jürgen 
Published: August 2011

AbstractFür mehrschichtige Stahlbetonwandtafeln mit Verbindungsmitteln aus glasfaserverstärktem Kunststoff (GFK) sind neben den Nachweisen zur Tragfähigkeit auch Nachweise im Grenzzustand der Gebrauchstauglichkeit zu führen. Insbesondere bei hohen, schlanken Wandelementen ist das Verbundtragverhalten unter Einbeziehung der innen liegenden Wärmedämmschicht dieser Bauteile zu berücksichtigen. Basierend auf dem gekoppelten Differentialgleichungssystem der Sandwichtheorie werden analytische, geschlossene Lösungen zur Berechnung der Schnittund Verformungsgrößen des Fassadensystems vorgestellt. Im Rahmen von Bauteilversuchen wird die Verbundtragwirkung an mehrschichtigen Stahlbetonplattenstreifen überprüft, und es erfolgt die Verifizierung des Berechnungsmodells anhand der gemessenen Bauteildurchbiegung und der Relativverschiebung zwischen den Schalen. Eine Parameterstudie gibt Aufschluss darüber, inwieweit die Zustandsgrößen aus der Verbundtragwirkung bei den Nachweisen im Grenzzustand der Gebrauchstauglichkeit berücksichtigt werden müssen.Effects of composite action on multilayered sandwich panels with integrated insulationPrefabricated multilayered concrete walls with integrated insulation and fastened with connectors of glass‐fiber reinforced polymers have to be designed to sustain ultimate limit state and serviceability state. Especially, high and slender wall panels are influenced by the composite action between the concrete layers and the integrated insulation. Solving the coupled system of differential equations of the sandwich theory analytically, closed solutions to calculate deformations and internal forces of the façade system will be shown. An experimental study shows the effect of composite action at multilayered sandwich panels. A verification of the calculation model is obtained by comparing the measured mid‐span deflection of the concrete member to the relative deformation between the concrete layers. A parameter study shows the influence of internal forces and deformations due to the composite action at serviceability state.
Optimal weight in estimating and comparing areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve using longitudinal data
Authors: Wu Yougui , Wang Xiaofei 
Published: August 2011

AbstractIn the setting of longitudinal study, subjects are followed for the occurrence of some dichotomous outcome. In many of these studies, some markers are also obtained repeatedly during the study period. Emir et al. introduced a non‐parametric approach to the estimation of the area under the ROC curve of a repeated marker. Their non‐parametric estimate involves assigning a weight to each subject. There are two weighting schemes suggested in their paper: one for the case when within‐patient correlation is low, and the other for the case when within‐subject correlation is high. However, it is not clear how to assign weights to marker measurements when within‐patient correlation is modest. In this paper, we consider the optimal weights that minimize the variance of the estimate of the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of a repeated marker, as well as the optimal weights that minimize the variance of the AUC difference between two repeated markers. Our results in this paper show that the optimal weights depend not only on the within‐patient control–case correlation in the longitudinal data, but also on the proportion of subjects that become cases. More importantly, we show that the loss of efficiency by using the two weighting schemes suggested by Emir et al. instead of our optimal weights can be severe when there is a large within‐subject control–case correlation and the proportion of subjects that become cases is small, which is often the case in longitudinal study settings.
Cross‐linked collagen sponges loaded with plant polyphenols with inhibitory activity towards chronic wound enzymes
Authors: Antonio Francesko , Guillem Rocasalbas , Sonia Touriño , Clara Mattu , Piergiorgio Gentile , Valeria Chiono , Gianluca Ciardelli , Tzanov Tzanko 
Published: August 2011

AbstractCollagen sponges loaded with polyphenols from Hamamelis virginiana were investigated as active materials for chronic wound dressings, evaluating in vitro the inhibition of two major enzymes that impair the wound healing process – myeloperoxidase (MPO) and collagenase. Prior to polyphenols loading, collagen was cross‐linked with genipin to improve its biostability. The effect of genipin cross‐linking and polyphenol concentration in the development of mechanically and enzymatically stable sponges was studied. The tensile strength of the cross‐linked collagen increased with the increase of the cross‐linking degree, coupled to decrease in the elongation and the swelling capacity of the sponges. The stability of the sponges to collagenase digestion reached maximum when 1 mM genipin was used. However, the biostability decreased more than 10‐fold after loading the sponges with polyphenols (0.5 mg/mL), nevertheless, this effect was partially overcome using higher concentration of polyphenols (1 and 2 mg/mL) to inhibit collagenase. Moreover, the polyphenols released from the sponges were sufficient for complete inhibition of MPO activity. No considerable cytotoxicity of the genipin cross‐linked collagen loaded with polyphenols was observed evaluating the NIH 3T3 fibroblasts viability.
Tolerance of β‐diketone hydrolases as representatives of the crotonase superfamily towards organic solvents
Authors: Siirola Elina , Grischek Barbara , Clay Dorina , Frank Annika , Grogan Gideon , Kroutil Wolfgang 
Published: August 2011

AbstractCrotonase superfamily enzymes catalyze a wide variety of reactions, including hydrolytic C–C bond cleavage in symmetrical β‐diketones by 6‐oxo camphor hydrolase (OCH) from Rhodococcus sp. The organic solvent tolerance and temperature stability of OCH and its structurally related ortholog Anabaena β‐diketone hydrolase have been investigated. Both enzymes showed excellent tolerance toward organic solvents; for instance, even in the presence of 80% (v/v) THF or dioxane, OCH was still active. In most solvent mixtures, except methanol, the stereospecificity was conserved (>99% e.e. of product), hence neither the type of solvent nor its concentration appeared to have an effect on the stereoselectivity of the enzyme. Attempts to correlate the observed activities with log P, functional solvent group or denaturing capacity (DC) of the solvent were only successful in the case of DC for water miscible solvents. This study represents the first investigation of organic solvent stability for members of the crotonase superfamily. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2011;108: 2815–2822. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Elucidating the effects of laccase‐modifying compounds treatments on bast and core fibers in flax pulp
Authors: Fillat Amanda , Roncero M. Blanca , Vidal Teresa 
Published: August 2011

AbstractLaccases in combination with various chemical compounds have been tested with a view to obtain environmental friendly, high‐value paper products from unbleached flax pulp, which is currently being assessed as a raw material for biotechnological innovation. With the aim of better understanding the effects of violuric acid (VA) and p‐coumaric acid (PCA) on flax pulp, changes in the chemical composition of the two major fiber types it contains were assessed. Following classification, the initial pulp was split into two fractions according to fiber size, namely: bast (long) fibers and core (short) fibers. Fiber size was found to significantly influence the properties of pulp and it response to various laccase treatments. The laccase‐PCA treatment substantially increased kappa number (KN) and color in both fiber fractions, which suggests grafting of the phenolic compound onto fibers. On the other hand, the laccase‐VA treatment produced long fibers with a low lignin content (KN = 1.3) and a high brightness (5% points higher than for the control fraction), which testifies to its bleaching efficiency. Both biotreatments produced long fibers containing highly crystalline cellulose and caused HexA removal from global and short fibers. On the other hand, the laccase treatments caused no morphological changes in the fibers, the integrity of which was largely preserved. As shown here, laccase acts as polymerization agent with PCA and as delignification agent with VA; also, the two enzymes systems act differently on bast and core fibers. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2012;109: 225–233. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Pretreatment of corn stover by combining ionic liquid dissolution with alkali extraction
Authors: Geng Xinglian , Henderson Wesley A. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractPretreatment plays an important role in the efficient enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass into fermentable sugars for biofuels. A highly effective pretreatment method is reported for corn stover which combines mild alkali‐extraction followed by ionic liquid (IL) dissolution of the polysaccharides and regeneration (recovery of the polysaccharides as solids). Air‐dried, knife‐milled corn stover was soaked in 1% NaOH at a moderate condition (90°C, 1 h) and then thoroughly washed with hot deionized (DI) water. The alkali extraction solublized 75% of the lignin and 37% of the hemicellulose. The corn stover fibers became softer and smoother after the alkali extraction. Unextracted and extracted corn stover samples were separately dissolved in an IL, 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride (C4mimCl), at 130°C for 2 h and then regenerated with DI water. The IL dissolution process did not significantly change the chemical composition of the materials, but did alter their structural features. Untreated and treated corn stover samples were hydrolyzed with commercial enzyme preparations including cellulases and hemicellulases at 50°C. The glucose yield from the corn stover sample that was both alkali‐extracted and IL‐dissolved was 96% in 5 h of hydrolysis. This is a highly effective methodology for minimizing the enzymatic loading for biomass hydrolysis and/or maximizing the conversion of biomass polysaccharides into sugars. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2012;109: 84–91. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Production of poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyhexanoate) by Ralstonia eutropha in high cell density palm oil fermentations
Authors: Riedel Sebastian L. , Bader Johannes , Brigham Christopher J. , Budde Charles F. , Yusof Zainal Abidin Mohd , Rha ChoKyun , Sinskey Anthony J. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractImproved production costs will accelerate commercialization of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) polymer and PHA‐based products. Plant oils are considered favorable feedstocks, due to their high carbon content and relatively low price compared to sugars and other refined carbon feedstocks. Different PHA production strategies were compared using a recombinant strain of Ralstonia eutropha that produces high amounts of P(HB‐co‐HHx) when grown on plant oils. This R. eutropha strain was grown to high cell densities using batch, extended batch, and fed batch fermentation strategies, in which PHA accumulation was triggered by nitrogen limitation. While extended batch culture produced more biomass and PHA than batch culture, fed batch cultivation was shown to produce the highest levels of biomass and PHA. The highest titer achieved was over 139 g/L cell dry weight (CDW) of biomass with 74% of CDW as PHA containing 19mol% HHx. Our data suggest that the fermentation process is scalable with a space time yield (STY) better than 1 g PHA/L/h. The achieved biomass concentration and PHA yield are among the highest reported for the fermentation of recombinant R. eutropha strains producing P(HB‐co‐HHx). Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2012;109: 74–83. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cell transfer printing from patterned poly(ethylene glycol)‐oleyl surfaces to biological hydrogels for rapid and efficient cell micropatterning
Authors: Takano Toshiaki , Yamaguchi Satoshi , Matsunuma Erika , Komiya Senori , Shinkai Masashige , Takezawa Toshiaki , Nagamune Teruyuki 
Published: August 2011

AbstractCell transfer printing from patterned poly(ethylene glycol)‐oleyl surfaces onto biological hydrogel sheets is investigated herein, as a new cell stamping method for both cell microarray and tissue engineering. By overlaying a hydrogel sheet on the cells immobilized on the poly(ethylene glycol)‐oleyl surface and successively peeling it off, the immobilized cells were transferred onto a hydrogel sheet because the adhesive interaction between the cells and the hydrogel was stronger than that between the cells and the poly(ethylene glycol)‐oleyl surface. Four types of human cell could be efficiently transferred onto a rigid collagen sheet. The transfer printing ratios, for all cells, were above 80% and achieved within 90 min. A cell microarray was successfully prepared on a collagen gel sheet using the present stamping method. We have also demonstrated that the transferred pattern of endothelial cells is transformed to the patterned tube‐like structure on the reconstituted basement membrane matrix. Finally, the patterns of two types of endothelial cell are shown to be easily prepared on the matrix, and the desired tube‐like structures, including the orderly pattern of the two different cells, were formed spontaneously. Thus, the present poly(ethylene glycol)‐oleyl coated substrates are useful for rapid and efficient cell stamping, in the preparation of multi‐cellular pattern on extracellular matrices. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2012;109: 244–251. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Optically controlled contraction of photosensitive skeletal muscle cells
Authors: Asano Toshifumi , Ishizua Toru , Yawo Hiromu 
Published: August 2011

AbstractAs the skeletal muscle cell is an efficient force transducer, it has been incorporated in bio‐microdevices using electrical field stimulation for generating contractile patterns. To improve both the spatial and temporal resolutions, we made photosensitive skeletal muscle cells from murine C2C12 myoblasts, which express channelrhodopsin‐2 (ChR2), one of archaea‐type rhodopsins derived from green algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The cloned ChR2‐expressing C2C12 myoblasts were made and fused with untransfected C2C12 to form multinucleated myotubes. The maturation of myotubes was facilitated by electrical field stimulation. Blue LED light pulse depolarized the membrane potential of a ChR2‐expressing myotube and eventually evoked an action potential. It also induced a twitch‐like contraction in a concurrent manner. A contraction pattern was thus made with a given pattern of LED pulses. This technique would have many applications in the bioengineering field, such as wireless drive of muscle‐powered actuators/microdevices. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2012;109: 199–204. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Two Dimensions of Corporate Sustainability Assessment: Towards a Comprehensive Framework
Authors: Schneider Anselm , Meins Erika 
Published: August 2011

ABSTRACTOver the last years, many approaches have emerged that attempt to measure the contribution of firms to sustainable development, i.e. corporate sustainability. Our review of existing methodologies for the assessment of corporate sustainability reveals two major shortcomings. First, value creation as a core condition for sustainability as well as for further contributions to economic sustainability is often ignored in these assessments, suggesting that financial and non‐financial organizational processes are separable. Second, existing approaches fail to differentiate between the actual contribution of a firm to sustainability on the one hand, and governance‐related features aimed at attaining this contribution on the other. We argue that the implementation of sustainability‐oriented organizational structures and managerial instruments alone does not necessarily guarantee sustainability performance. Therefore, besides the dimension of current sustainability performance, we introduce the notion of sustainability governance as a second distinct dimension of corporate sustainability assessment. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Attitudes and Decisions about Sexual Offenders: A Comparison of Laypersons and Professionals
Authors: Jung Sandy , Jamieson Lisa , Buro Karen , DeCesare John 
Published: August 2011

ABSTRACTThe current study examines the inherent biases about sexual offending held by 123 laypersons and 120 professionals (i.e. probation officers and therapists). In order to determine the extent of these biases, a series of brief newspaper articles were constructed to depict cases of sexual offenders. Each article comprised several combinations of key variables, including offender type, level of admission, and the presence of alcohol. Participants read a series of three fabricated articles and then completed a questionnaire regarding attitudes about the various offenders. The results indicate important differences between the lay and professional samples. Laypersons deemed sex offenders more favourably in terms of character, accountability, and risk for sexual recidivism. However, both groups showed some similar perceptions about sexual offending. Specifically, both groups evaluated child molesters more negatively than exhibitionists and in some cases, rapists. These findings highlight the need for continuing education for professionals in order to attenuate the effects of prejudicial attitudes. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
About weak‐strong uniqueness for the 3D incompressible Navier‐Stokes system
Authors: Chemin J.‐Y. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThis article studies the problem of L2 stability and weak‐strong uniqueness of solutions of the incompressible Navier‐Stokes on the whole space
\input amssym ${\Bbb S}^3$
constructed by Kato's approach in spaces coming from Littlewood‐Paley theory and using the L1 smoothing effect for the heat flow. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Design strategy for optimizing power consumption of sensor node with Min(N,T) policy M/G/1 queuing models
Authors: Jiang Fuu‐Cheng , Huang Der‐Chen , Yang Chao‐Tung , Lin Chu‐Hsing , Wang Kuo‐Hsiung 
Published: August 2011

SUMMARYEnergy saving is an important issue in wireless sensor networks for majority of sensor nodes equipped with non‐rechargeable batteries. To prolong the lifetime of sensor nodes, most research works have focused on how to tune the duty cycling schemes among nodes to save the communication cost using multifarious wake‐up strategies. To this aim, we propose a novel design strategy for mitigating the average power consumption of sensor node using the Min(N,T) policy M/G/1 queuing theory. The basic point of our approach is that Min(N,T) dyadic policy would mitigate the total average times of medium contention by having both a counter (N) and a timer (T) for the control of triggering on a radio server to transmit queued packets, and then the power consumption of communication can be alleviated. A comprehensive mathematical analysis on the optimal control parameters had been made. Much data analysis and simulations had been conducted to validate the proposed model. In this article, we show how the improvement level on power consumption can be achieved through analytical and simulation results. With little or no extra management cost, the proposed add‐on power‐saving technique can provide a design strategy to optimize relevant system parameters including power consumption and latency delay. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dominant activation of the hedgehog signaling pathway alters development of the female reproductive tract
Authors: Migone Fernando F. , Ren Yi , Cowan Robert G. , Harman Rebecca M. , Nikitin Alexander Yu. , Quirk Susan M. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe role of hedgehog (HH) signaling in reproductive tract development was studied in mice in which a dominant active allele of the signal transducer smoothened (SmoM2) was conditionally expressed in the Müllerian duct and ovary. Mutant females are infertile, primarily because they fail to ovulate. Levels of mRNA for targets of HH signaling, Gli1, Ptch1, and Hhip, were elevated in reproductive tracts of 24‐day‐old mutant mice, confirming overactivation of HH signaling. The tracts of mutant mice developed abnormally. The uterine luminal epithelium had a simple columnar morphology in control mice, but in mutants contained stratified squamous cells typical of the cervix and vagina. In mutant mice, the number of uterine glands were reduced and the oviducts were not coiled. Expression of genes within the Hox and Wnt families that regulate patterning of the reproductive tract were altered. Hoxa13, which is normally expressed primarily in the vagina and cervix, was expressed at 12‐fold higher levels in the uterus of mutant mice compared with controls. Wnt5a, which is required for development of the cervix and vagina and postnatal differentiation of the uterus, was expressed at higher levels in the oviduct and uterus of mutant mice compared with controls. Mating mutant females with fertile or vasectomized males induced a severe inflammatory response in the tract. In summary, overactivation of HH signaling causes aberrant development of the reproductive tract. The phenotype observed could be mediated by ectopic expression of Hoxa13 in the uterus and elevated levels of Wnt5a in the oviducts and uterus. genesis 50:28–40, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.