bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pilot‐scale study on ozone‐enhanced catalytic oxidation of waste gas emissions from the pulp and paper industry
Authors: Sahle‐Demessie Endalkachew , Almquist Catherine B. , Devulapelli Venu Gopal 
Published: June 2010

AbstractField studies were conducted at Domtar's Kraft pulp and paper mill (Hawesville, KY) for 2 weeks to investigate the treatment of high volume, low concentration (HVLC) waste gas streams using ozone‐enhanced catalytic oxidation technology. The contaminants in the HVLC waste gas from the pulping area of the mill contained mainly methanol (360 ± 80 ppm) and total reduced sulfur compounds [dimethyl sulfide (DMS) (4400 ± 670 ppm) and dimethyl disulfide (150 ± 25 ppm). The catalysts used in the field studies included ViO2/TiO2 and CuO/MoO3/ã‐Al2O3. The results of the field study showed ozone‐to‐sulfur ratios >2, space velocities <1000 h−1, and reaction temperatures ≥250°C are required to achieve >90% destruction of DMS in the HVLC waste gas stream. Ozone‐enhanced catalytic oxidation has key environmental advantages over incineration, including mild operating temperatures and thus, lower energy costs and lower NOx formation. Although the technology appeared to be feasible at the laboratory scale, the field study data revealed that several obstacles must be overcome prior to this technology being implemented at large scale. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2011
The characteristics and clinical outcome of adult patients with aplastic anemia and abnormal cytogenetics at diagnosis
Authors: Kim Sung‐Yong , Lee Jong‐Wook , Lee Sung‐Eun , Cho Byung‐Sik , Kim Myungshin , Eom Ki‐Seong , Kim Yoo‐Jin , Kim Hee‐Je , Lee Seok , Min Chang‐Ki , Cho Seok‐Goo , Kim Dong‐Wook , Han Kyungja , Min Woo‐Sung 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe characteristics and clinical outcome of 600 adult patients with aplastic anemia (AA) that had successful cytogenetic studies at the time of diagnosis were retrospectively evaluated. Among these, 572 (95.3%) had normal cytogenetics and 28 (4.7%) had abnormal cytogenetics. The most frequent abnormality was trisomy 8 (n = 15), followed by monosomy 7/deletion of 7q (n = 5), and deletion of 1q (n = 5). There were no statistically significant differences with respect to gender, hepatitis viral infection, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, or severity of disease between the patients in the normal and abnormal cytogenetics groups; however, the patients with abnormal cytogenetics were generally younger than those with normal cytogenetics (P < 0.001). Abnormal cytogenetics was associated with a higher cumulative leukemic transformation rate (P < 0.001) and lower leukemic transformation‐free survival (P = 0.021). Furthermore, abnormal cytogenetics was an independent predictor of a poor response to immunosuppressive therapy (HR = 0.255; 95% CI = 0.077–0.839; P = 0.024). These analyses suggest that patients with AA and abnormal cytogenetics have different clinical characteristics compared to patients with AA and normal cytogenetics. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Deficiency of electroneutral K+–Cl−cotransporter 3 causes a disruption in impulse propagation along peripheral nerves
Authors: Sun Yuan‐Ting , Lin Thy‐Sheng , Tzeng Shun‐Fen , Delpire Eric , Shen Meng‐Ru 
Published: June 2010

AbstractNerve conduction requires the fine tuning of ionic currents through delicate interactions between axons and Schwann cells. The K+–Cl−cotransporter (KCC) family includes four isoforms (KCC1–4) that play an important role in the maintenance of cellular osmotic homeostasis via the coupled electroneutral movement of K+and Cl−with concurrent water flux. Mutation inSLC12A6gene encoding KCC3 results in an autosomal recessive disease, known as agenesis of the corpus callosum associated with peripheral neuropathy. Nevertheless, the role of KCC3 in nerve function remains a puzzle. In this study, the microscopic examination of KCC isoforms expressed in peripheral nerves showed high expression of KCC2–4 in nodal segments of the axons and in the perinucleus and microvilli of Schwann cells. The KCC inhibitor [[(dihydroindenyl)oxy]alkanoic acid] but not the Na+–K+–2Cl−‐cotransport inhibitor (bumetanide) dose‐dependently suppressed the amplitude and area of compound muscle action potential, indicating the involvement of KCC activity in peripheral nerve conduction. Furthermore, the amplitude and area under the curve were smaller, and the nerve conduction velocity was slower in nerves fromKCC3−/−mice than in nerves from wild‐type mice, while the expression pattern of KCC2 and KCC4 was similar in KCC3 kockout and wild‐type strains.KCC3−/−mice also manifested a prominent motor deficit in the beam‐walking test. This is the first study to demonstrate that the K+–Cl−cotransporter activity of KCC3 contributes to the propagation of action potentials along peripheral nerves. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The effect of allogeneic stem cell transplantation on high risk chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: a single centre retrospective analysis
Authors: Válková V , Schwarz J , Vítek A , Marková M , Pohlreich D , Benešová K , Michalová K , Cetkovský P , Trněný M 
Published: June 2010

AbstractIn recent years, many studies have confirmed that allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo‐SCT) can provide long‐term disease control and possible cure in selected patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), including those with a biologically highly unfavourable risk profile. A retrospective analysis of allo‐SCT in 30 patients with CLL whose risk profile was unfavourable and who were treated in the years 2000–2009 was performed. The aim was to compare the results of allo‐SCT by prognostic factors and conditioning type and evaluate the results of unrelated transplantation. The median age was 54 years. Donors were 8 HLA‐matched siblings and 22 unrelated volunteers, 11 of whom were mismatched. Eighteen patients were treated with reduced intensity conditioning. Twelve patients received myeloablative conditioning. Estimated overall survival (OS) at 3 years was 78%, progression‐free survival (PFS) 71%, relapse incidence 10% and non‐relapse mortality (NRM) 16%, respectively, with a median follow‐up of 35 months. According to molecular/cytogenetic characteristics, OS and PFS for the high risk group (17p‐ or 11q‐) were 89 and 77%, respectively, not significantly different from those with standard risk. Graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) was associated with greater toxicity; significantly higher NRM for patients with aGVHD (p = 0.04) and worse PFS for patients with cGVHD (p = 0.04). Our results for the refractory disease group (77% responses) indicate that chemoresistance may be overcome by the GVL effect. Transplants from unrelated donors may be considered comparable to those from related donors. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Loss of p14ARF confers resistance to heat shock‐ and oxidative stress‐mediated cell death by upregulating β‐catenin
Authors: Damalas Alexander , Velimezi Georgia , Kalaitzakis Alexander , Liontos Michalis , Papavassiliou Athanasios G. , Gorgoulis Vassilis , Angelidis Charalampos 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe p14ARF is a key tumor suppressor induced mainly by oncogenic stimuli. Although p14ARF does not seem to respond to DNA damage, there are very few data regarding its role in other forms of stress, such as heat shock (HS) and oxidative stress (OS). Here, we report that suppression of p14ARF increased resistance to cell death when cells were treated with H2O2 or subjected to HS. In this setting, protection from cell death was mediated by elevated levels and activity of β‐catenin, as downregulation of β‐catenin alleviated the protective role of p14ARF silencing. Moreover, Hsp70 was shown to regulate β‐catenin protein levels by interacting with p14ARF, suggesting that Hsp70, p14ARF and β‐catenin form a regulatory network. This novel pathway triggers cell death signals when cells are exposed to HS and OS.
p53 status influences response to tamoxifen but not to fulvestrant in breast cancer cell lines
Authors: Fernandez‐Cuesta Lynnette , Anaganti Suresh , Hainaut Pierre , Olivier Magali 
Published: June 2010

AbstractMutations in the tumor suppressor gene TP53 are associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer. This prognostic value may rely in part on the fact that p53 plays a role in the antiproliferative and apoptotic activities of chemotherapy regimens used to treat breast tumors. However, some studies suggested that p53 may also influence response to antihormone treatments. Here we investigate how p53 may affect response to antihormonal treatments, using estrogen‐dependent breast cancer cell‐lines with different p53 status. We show that p53 mutated cells were more resistant to cytotoxic effects of 4‐hydroxy‐tamoxifen (OHT) compared to p53 wild‐type cells. In contrast, p53 status did not significantly impact on response to fulvestrant. p53 mutated cells were also hypersensitive to proliferative effects of estradiol. Interestingly, OHT at doses in the low range had proliferative activities in p53 mutated cells (120–150% proliferation rate under 1 μM OHT treatment in low estrogen conditions). Using gene silencing or specific tyrosine kinase inhibitors, we show that the proliferative effects of OHT were estrogen receptor dependent and could be abrogated by the inhibition of EGFR and/or HER2 kinases. These findings suggest that loss of p53 function may increase cross‐talks between estrogen receptor and EGFR/HER2 pathways, contributing to a proliferative effect of OHT. These results bring new insights into the prognostic role of p53 in breast cancer and into possible mechanisms underlying tamoxifen resistance.
The Proto‐Ribosome: An Ancient Nano‐machine for Peptide Bond Formation
Authors: Davidovich Chen , Belousoff Matthew , Wekselman Itai , Shapira Tal , Krupkin Miri , Zimmerman Ella , Bashan Anat , Yonath Ada 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe ribosome is a ribozyme whose active site, the peptidyl transferase center (PTC), is situated within a highly conserved universal symmetrical region that connects all ribosomal functional centers involved in amino acid polymerization. The linkage between this elaborate architecture and A‐site tRNA position revealed that the A‐ to P‐site passage of the tRNA 3′ terminus during protein synthesis is performed by a rotary motion, synchronized with the overall tRNA/mRNA sideways movement, and guided by the PTC. This rotary motion leads to suitable stereochemistry for peptide bond formation as well as for substrate‐mediated catalysis. Analysis of the substrate binding modes to ribosomes led to the hypothesis that the ancient ribosome produced single peptide bonds and non‐coded chains, potentially in a similar manner to the modern PTC. Later in evolution, a mechanism, enabling some type of decoding genetic control triggered the emergence of the small ribosomal subunit or part of it. This seems to be the result of the appearance of reaction products that could have evolved after polypeptides capable of enzymatic function were generated sporadically, while an ancient stable RNA fold was converted into an old version of a tRNA molecule. Since in the contemporary ribosome, the symmetry relates only to the backbone fold and nucleotide orientations but not nucleotide sequences, it emphasizes the superiority of functional requirement over sequence conservation, and indicates that the PTC may have evolved by gene fusion or gene duplication.
New predictive model for monitoring bone remodeling
Authors: Bougherara Habiba , Klika Václav , Maršík František , Mařík Ivo A. , Yahia L'Hocine 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe aim of this article was to present a new thermodynamic‐based model for bone remodeling which is able to predict the functional adaptation of bone in response to changes in both mechanical and biochemical environments. The model was based on chemical kinetics and irreversible thermodynamic principles, in which bone is considered as a self‐organizing system that exchanges matter, energy and entropy with its surroundings. The governing equations of the mathematical model have been numerically solved using Matlab software and implemented in ANSYS software using the Finite Element Method. With the aid of this model, the whole inner structure of bone was elucidated. The current model suggested that bone remodeling was a dynamic process which was driven by mechanical loading, metabolic factors and other external contributions. The model clearly indicated that in the absence of mechanical stimulus, the bone was not completely resorbed and reaches a new steady state after about 50% of bone loss. This finding agreed with previous clinical studies. Furthermore, results of virtual computations of bone density in a composite femur showed the development of a dense cortical bone around the medullary canal and a dense trabeculæ bone between the femoral head and the calcar region of the medial cortex due to compressive stresses. The comparison of the predicted bone density with the structure of the proximal femur obtained from X‐rays and using strain energy density gave credibility to the current model. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010.
Controlled release of 2, 3 desulfated heparin exerts its anti‐inflammatory activity by effectively inhibiting E‐selectin
Authors: Lakshmi T. S. Ramyaa , Shanmugasundaram N. , Shanmuganathan S. , Karthikeyan K. , Meenakshi J. , Babu Mary 
Published: June 2010

AbstractControl of inflammation using appropriate anti‐inflammatory agent prevents wound from becoming chronic. Heparin is a heterogeneous mixture of polysaccharide molecules with a mean molecular weight between 12–30 kDa containing 200–300 disaccharide units of glycosaminoglycan chains. Chemical modifications leading to generation of a unique pentasaccharide sequence effectively reduces its anticoagualant activity, while retaining its anti‐inflammmatory property. In this study, Standard heparin was partially desulfated to 2, 3 desulfated heparin (2, 3 DSH) and its anti‐inflammatory property was determined by assessing its ability to prevent static adhesion of leukocytes to endothelium and clotting assay. The effectiveness of 2, 3 DSH to down regulate E‐selectin and key proinflammatory cytokines (IL‐1β and IL‐6) was assessed by western blot and immunocytochemistry. These results were compared with commercially available 2‐Desulfated Heparin (2DSH) and standard heparin (SH). Finally, a controlled delivery system of 2, 3 DSH was designed using chitosan microspheres and collagen as scaffold. Optimal loading of 2, 3 DSH was achieved and the release kinetics were tuned to follow a controlled release pattern. The steady state concentration of 2, 3 DSH was found to be optimal to elicit anti‐inflammatory property and could achieve inhibition of E‐selectin expression while unaffecting the normal clotting cascade. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2010.
Chemistry and heterocyclization of dithiobiurea and thioureidoalkylthiourea
Authors: Hassan Alaa A. , El‐Sheref Essmat M. 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
magnified imageThis review summarizes published data on the behavior and reactions of dithiobiurea and thioureidoalkylthiourea derivatives, which lead to the formation of heterocyclic systems, including methods of preparation in addition to synthesis of imidazolidine, thiazole, thioazolidine, triazolidine, thiadiazine, and spiro compounds. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2010).
Climatology of Mediterranean cyclones using the ERA‐40 dataset
Authors: Campins Joan , Genovés A. , Picornell M. A. , Jansà A. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe generation of cyclone climatologies has recently received a renewed interest. Cyclones are closely related to the climate of certain regions, and thus, their variability is one of the key points in current climate research. The Mediterranean is a region with high density of cyclones, but due to its location and its particular morphology, cyclones are subject to large spatial and seasonal variability. Moreover, some cyclones are related to hazardous weather events, in particular, heavy precipitation and strong winds. Improved knowledge of Mediterranean cyclones would contribute to the improvement of the forecasts of such damaging events. In this study, objective detection and tracking algorithms are used on the ERA‐40 reanalysis to derive a climatology of surface cyclones for the Mediterranean region. The detection algorithm is also applied at various vertical levels, characterizing the three‐dimensional structure of the cyclones, and allowing to derive their vertical thickness. The relatively high spatial resolution, but mainly the long period (45 years) makes the ERA‐40 reanalysis especially suitable for the generation of a cyclone climatology. The aim of this study is twofold. First, a detailed description of the Mediterranean surface cyclones is obtained. This includes the spatial and seasonal variability and some of their main individual features, like the intensity, size, vertical thickness and life cycle. Moreover, some regions with a large cyclogenetic frequency are studied in detail. Second, the results of the present climatology are compared with many other studies. The qualitative comparison indicates a general agreement with most of previous climatologies. However, as a consequence of the ERA‐40 resolution, the comparison with high‐resolution cyclone datasets shows a shortcoming related to the detection of small cyclones. Nevertheless, it is concluded that the current climatology depicts a comprehensive view of the synoptic and sub‐synoptic cyclonic activities in the Mediterranean. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society
International broadcast meteorology
Authors: Teather John 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBroadcast meteorology has undergone a rapid expansion in the past few years and the profession of ‘Broadcast Meteorologist’ is now seen as a serious branch of meteorology. This paper explains how weather forecasts have evolved on television, focusing mainly on the BBC where the author was Director of the BBC Weather Centre for many years. The International Association of Broadcast Meteorology (IABM) has been established to promote weather broadcasting standards across the world and the foundation of this organization is discussed. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society
Peptides from Pisum sativum L. enzymatic protein digest with anti‐adhesive activity against Helicobacter pylori: Structure–activity and inhibitory activity against BabA, SabA, HpaA and a fibronectin‐binding adhesin
Authors: Niehues Michael , Euler Marco , Georgi Gilda , Mank Marko , Stahl Bernd , Hensel Andreas 
Published: June 2010

AbstractScope: Identification of anti‐adhesive peptides against Helicobacter pylori obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of seed proteins from Pisum sativum L. (Fabaceae).Methods and results: Bioassay‐guided fractionation of protein tryptic digest by ultrafiltration, size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and reversed phase chromatography (RPC) were used. Identification of bioactive peptides was achieved by MALDI‐TOF‐MS. Adhesion of H. pylori was monitored by two different assays, using a quantitative in vitro assay on human AGS cells with evaluation of bacterial binding by flow cytometry, beside a semi‐quantitative in situ adhesion assay using FITC‐labelled H. pylori on human stomach tissue sections. From two highly active fractions (F3, F3.3) two anti‐adhesive peptides (S3, S5) were identified. Neither F3 nor S3 or S5 had any cytotoxic effect against H. pylori. By hemagglutination assay and semiquantitative dot blot overlay assay with immobilized ligands it was shown that F3 interacts specifically with H. pylori adhesins BabA, SabA, HpaA and a fibronectin‐binding adhesin, while S3 and S5 inhibit only BabA. It was demonstrated that BabA, usually interacting with carbohydrate motifs such as fucosylated blood group antigens, interacts with the peptide moieties.Conclusion: Bioactive peptides from pea protein could be applied as functional ingredients for protecting infants and children against infections such as H. pylori.
Functional and proliferative effects of repeated low‐dose oral administration of furan in rat liver
Authors: Mally Angela , Graff Carmen , Schmal Olga , Moro Sabrina , Hamberger Carolin , Schauer Ute M. , Brück Jens , Özden Sibel , Sieber Max , Steger Ulrich , Schrenk Dieter , Hard Gordon C. , Chipman James Kevin , Dekant Wolfgang 
Published: June 2010

AbstractScope: Furan, a food contaminant formed during heat processing, induces hepatocellular tumors in rodents and high incidences of cholangiocarcinomas in rats even at the lowest dose (2 mg/kg b.w.) administered. Initial estimates suggested that human intake of furan may be as high as 3.5 μg/kg b.w./day, indicating a relatively narrow margin of exposure. The aim of this study was to establish dose–response data for cytotoxicity, regenerative cell proliferation and secondary oxidative DNA damage in livers of male F344 rats treated with furan at doses ≤2 mg/kg b.w. for 28 days.Methods and results: No significant signs of hepatotoxicity other than a mild, dose‐dependent increase in serum cholesterol and unconjugated bile acids, and no evidence of oxidative DNA damage were seen. Histopathological alterations and proliferative changes were restricted to subcapsular areas of the left and caudate liver lobes.Conclusion: Although statistically significant effects were only seen at the 2 mg/kg b.w. dose during the course of our study, a ∼two and ∼threefold increase in 5‐bromo‐2′‐deoxyuridine labeling index was observed at 0.1 and 0.5 mg/kg b.w., respectively, suggesting that chronic exposure to doses even below 2 mg/kg b.w. may cause proliferative changes in rat liver and highlighting the need to assess furan carcinogenicity at lower doses.
TASSER_low‐zsc: An approach to improve structure prediction using lowz‐score–ranked templates
Authors: Pandit Shashi B. , Skolnick Jeffrey 
Published: June 2010

AbstractIn a variety of threading methods, often poorly ranked (lowz‐score) templates have good alignments. Here, a new method,TASSER_low‐zscthat identifies these lowz‐score–ranked templates to improve protein structure prediction accuracy, is described. The approach consists of clustering of threading templates by affinity propagation on the basis of structural similarity (thread_cluster) followed by TASSER modeling, with final models selected by using a TASSER_QA variant. To establish the generality of the approach, templates provided by two threading methods, SP3and SPARKS2, are examined. The SP3and SPARKS2benchmark datasets consist of 351 and 357 medium/hard proteins (those with moderate to poor quality templates and/or alignments) of length ≤250 residues, respectively. For SP3medium and hard targets, usingthread_cluster, the TM‐scores of the best template improve by ∼4 and 9% over the original set (without lowz‐score templates) respectively; after TASSER modeling/refinement and ranking, the best model improves by ∼7 and 9% over the best model generated with the original template set. Moreover,TASSER_low‐zscgenerates 22% (43%) more foldable medium (hard) targets. Similar improvements are observed with low‐ranked templates from SPARKS2. The template clustering approach could be applied to other modeling methods that utilize multiple templates to improve structure prediction. Proteins 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.