bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deformation mechanisms and fluid conditions of mélange shear zones associated with seamount subduction
Authors: Frank Madison , Ujiie Kohtaro , Motohashi Ginta , Nagaya Takayoshi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLithologic heterogeneity and the presence of fluids have been linked to seamount subduction and collocated with slow earthquakes. However, the deformation mechanisms and fluid conditions associated with seamount subduction remain poorly understood. The exhumed Chichibu accretionary complex on Amami-Oshima Island preserves mélange shear zones composed of mudstone-dominated mélange and basalt–limestone mélange deformed under sub-greenschist facies metamorphism. The mudstone-dominated mélange contains sandstone, siliceous mudstone, and basalt lenses in an illitic matrix. The basalt–limestone mélange contains micritic limestone and basalt lenses in a chloritic matrix derived from the mixing of limestone and basalt at the foot of a seamount. The basalt–limestone mélange overlies the mudstone-dominated mélange, possibly representing a submarine landslide from the seamount onto trench-fill terrigenous sediments. The asymmetric S–C fabrics in both mélanges show top-to-SE shear consistent with megathrust-related shear. Quartz-filled shear and extension veins in the mudstone-dominated mélange indicate brittle failure at near-lithostatic fluid pressure and low differential stress. Microstructural observations show that deformation in the mudstone-dominated mélange was accommodated by dislocation creep of quartz and combined quartz pressure solution with frictional sliding of illite, whereas the basalt-limestone mélange was accommodated by frictional sliding of chlorite and dislocation creep of coarse-grained calcite, with possible pressure solution creep and diffusion creep of fine-grained calcite. The mélange shear zones formed in association with seamount subduction record temporal changes in deformation mechanisms, fluid pressure, and stress state during megathrust shear with brittle failure under elevated fluid pressure, potentially linking tremor generation near subducting seamounts.
Gastric rupture caused by intragastric perforation of splenic artery aneurysm: a case report and literature review
Authors: Koguchi Hazuki , Nakatsutsumi Keita , Ikuta Takahiro , Fujita Akihiro , Otomo Yasuhiro , Morishita Koji 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
The rupture of splenic artery pseudoaneurysm (SAP) is life-threatening disease, often caused by trauma and pancreatitis. SAPs often rupture into the abdominal cavity and rarely into the stomach.

Case presentation
A 70-year-old male with no previous medical history was transported to our emergency center with transient loss of consciousness and tarry stools. After admission, the patient become hemodynamically unstable and his upper abdomen became markedly distended. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography performed on admission showed the presence of a splenic artery aneurysm (SAP) at the bottom of a gastric ulcer. Based on the clinical picture and evidence on explorative tests, we established a preliminary diagnosis of ruptured SAP bleeding into the stomach and performed emergency laparotomy. Intraoperative findings revealed the presence of a large intra-abdominal hematoma that had ruptured into the stomach. When we performed gastrotomy at the anterior wall of the stomach from the ruptured area, we found pulsatile bleeding from the exposed SAP; therefore, the SAP was ligated from inside of the stomach, with gauze packing into the ulcer. We temporarily closed the stomach wall and performed open abdomen management, as a damage control surgery (DCS) approach. On the third day of admission, total gastrectomy and splenectomy were performed, and reconstruction surgery was performed the next day. Histopathological studies of the stomach samples indicated the presence of moderately differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma. Since no malignant cells were found at the rupture site, we concluded that the gastric rupture was caused by increased internal pressure due to the intra-abdominal hematoma.

Conclusions
We successfully treated a patient with intragastric rupture of the SAP that was caused by gastric cancer invasion, accompanied by gastric rupture, by performing DCS. When treating gastric bleeding, such rare causes must be considered and appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic strategies should be designed according to the cause of bleeding.
A pilot randomized controlled trial of a telemedicine psychosocial intervention to improve symptom management in adults with long COVID: the COPE study protocol
Authors: Knowles Lindsey M. , Grewal Mehr , Drever Sydney A. , Hoffman Jeanne M. , Friedly Janna L. , Herring Tracy E. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Long COVID is a serious public health concern due to its high prevalence and potentially debilitating symptoms. Symptoms may include fatigue, dyspnea, cognitive problems, insomnia, anxiety, and depression. There is currently no cure for long COVID, and the average length of recovery and proportion of patients who fully recover are still unknown. Subsequently, there is a critical need to improve function. Research in other chronic conditions suggests that psychosocial self-management interventions reduce symptom severity and interference with functioning. We describe the design of our study to examine the feasibility, acceptability, appropriateness, and preliminary efficacy of an intervention designed to improve symptom management and coping in adults with long COVID.

Methods
This pilot trial (N = 50) uses a pragmatic, randomized two-group parallel design set within the University of Washington Post-COVID Rehabilitation and Recovery Clinic. The self-management intervention is a 6-week, group-based telemedicine intervention that teaches evidence-based strategies to manage common symptoms and improve stress management as well as communication and self-advocacy. The comparator is a wait-list control. Participants complete self-report measures of the primary and secondary outcomes at baseline and post-treatment/wait-list. Primary outcomes include intervention feasibility, acceptability, and appropriateness. Secondary outcomes include Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System measures of fatigue, sleep disturbance, cognitive difficulties, self-efficacy, pain interference, depression and anxiety symptoms, and a measure of long COVID symptoms and impression of change. At post-intervention, intervention participants also complete a qualitative interview to inform intervention refinement. Quantitative data will be examined using descriptive and statistical analysis including t-tests and chi-square tests to compare the intervention and wait-list groups on secondary outcomes. Qualitative data will be analyzed using the rigorous and accelerated data reduction technique (RADaR).

Discussion
Results of this pilot randomized controlled trial will characterize the feasibility, acceptability, and appropriateness of the self-management intervention and inform intervention refinement necessary prior to further testing. Long COVID is a public health concern, and rehabilitation approaches that equip patients to manage symptoms may improve patient function and quality of life and reduce burden on the health care system.

Trial registration
NCT05658536. December 16, 2022.
Unraveling the enigma of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity in Indian adults with type 2 diabetes – a comparative cross-sectional study
Authors: M. Yogesh , Patel Monika G. , Makwana Hardik Harshadbhai , Kalariya Hardikkumar 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity are growing concerns associated with increasing diabetes incidence, but data from Indian diabetic cohorts are limited. This study examined the prevalence and clinical factors associated with sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, 750 participants aged 35–70 years were recruited by systematic stratification and a fixed quota sampling technique from medical camps and categorized into diabetic (n = 250), nondiabetic (n = 250), and obese nondiabetic (n = 250) groups. The assessments included questionnaires, muscle mass estimation by bioimpedance analysis, and blood tests. Sarcopenia was defined using the Asian Working Group consensus, and sarcopenic obesity was defined as sarcopenia with a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2. Logistic regression was used to analyze risk factors.

Results
Sarcopenia affected 60% of diabetic patients, 28% of nondiabetic patients, and 38% of nonobese nondiabetic patients (p < 0.001). The prevalence of sarcopenic obesity was 40%, 11%, and 30%, respectively (p < 0.001). Diabetes was associated with 2.3-fold greater odds (95% CI 1.1–4.7) of sarcopenia and 2.4-fold greater odds (1.1-5.0) of sarcopenic obesity after adjustment. A duration greater than 10 years, uncontrolled diabetes, age greater than 65 years, low physical activity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia also independently increased the odds.

Conclusion
Indian adults with type 2 diabetes have a high burden of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity. Early optimization of diabetes care and lifestyle changes are vital for preserving muscle health.
Identifying factors related to delayed neck metastasis after surgical treatment in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Lee Sang-Min , Kim Hyosik , Ahn Kang-Min 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
General treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is surgical treatment with or without neck dissection. Although the incidence of delayed neck metastasis is rare, it may occur after the surgery and is known to be the most important factor in the prognosis. The purpose of is study is to evaluate the clinical and histopathological factors associated with delayed neck metastasis case among patients.

Methods
A total of 195 patients who underwent surgical treatment for OSCC from 2016 to 2022 were investigated. Among them, delayed neck metastasis (DNM) was analyzed. The criterion for delayed neck metastasis was a newly developed neck lesion after the primary operation without neck dissection in cN0 necks. To identify the correlation between prognostic factors and the incidence of delayed neck metastasis, χ2 analysis with phi correlation and Cramer’s V test was performed. Cumulative survival rates (CRS) were compared between the groups with the incidence of DNM and without DNM. Also, the log rank test for CSR and Cox proportional hazard model was analyzed to estimate the significance of the CSR and confirm the correlations between prognostic factors and DNM.

Result
Among 195 patients, 14 were discovered to have DNM. The primary tumor locations were the tongue (n = 5), floor of the mouth (n = 2), mandibular gingiva (n = 1), maxillary gingiva (n = 4), retromolartrigone (n = 1), and buccal mucosa (n = 2) each. The cases consisted of TNM stage I (n = 1), stage II (n = 3), stage III (n = 3), and stage IV (n = 8), respectively. The result of the χ2 analysis identified a correlation between positive neck (p = 0.01), depth of invasion (p = 0.09), radiation therapy (p = 0.003), and DNM. Groups without DNM showed better prognosis compared to groups with DNM. Regarding positive neck, depth of invasion, and radiation therapy, only depth of invasion showed significance in CSR analysis.

Conclusion
DNM after surgical treatment of OSCC is a rare event, and few were found in a review of the literature. Also, many prognostic factors have been suggested but controversial. However, in our study, some prognostic factors have been identified to have a significant correlation with the incidence of DNM, and analysis of such factors provides important information predicting neck metastasis and the prognosis.
Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced cardiotoxicity in patients with lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yamani Naser , Ahmed Aymen , Ruiz Gabriel , Zubair Amraha , Arif Fariha , Mookadam Farouk 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for the treatment of lung cancer may precipitate cardiotoxic events. We aimed to perform a meta-analysis to evaluate the cardiotoxicity associated with ICIs in patients with lung cancer.

Methods
A literature search was conducted across four electronic databases (Cochrane CENTRAL, MEDLINE, OVID EMBASE and Google Scholar) from inception through 31st May 2023. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the impact of ICIs on cardiac outcomes in lung cancer patients were considered for inclusion. Risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled and analysis was performed using a random-effects model. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach was followed to assess confidence in the estimates of effect (i.e., the quality of evidence).

Results
A total of 30 studies including 16,331 patients, were included in the analysis. Pooled results showed that single ICI (RR: 2.15; 95% CI: 1.13–4.12; p = 0.02; I2 = 0%) or a combination of single ICI plus chemotherapy (RR: 1.38 [1.05–1.82]; p = 0.02) significantly increased the risk of cardiac adverse events when compared with chemotherapy alone. No significant difference was noted when a dual ICI (RR: 0.48 [0.13–1.80]; p = 0.27) was compared with single ICI. In addition, there was no significant association between the use of ICIs and incidence of cardiac failure (RR: 1.11 [0.48–2.58]; p = 0.80), or arrhythmia (RR: 1.87; [0.69–5.08]; p = 0.22).

Conclusion
Compared with chemotherapy alone, use of a single ICI or a combination of single ICI plus chemotherapy significantly increased the risk of cardiotoxicity. However, employing dual immunotherapy did not result in a significant increase in the risk of cardiotoxicity when compared to the use of a single ICI.
Recent progress of small-molecule of RET inhibitors against Non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Shen Jiayi , Chen Liping , Song Yulan , Chen Sheng , Guo Wei , Li Yongdong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSince the oncogenic rearranged during transfection (RET) gene fusion was discovered in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in 2012, multiple-targeted kinase inhibitors (MKIs) cabozantinib and vandetanib have been explored in the clinic for RET positive NSCLC patients. As the nonselective nature of these inhibitors, patients have off-target adverse effects. The discovery of highly potent selective RET inhibitors such as pralsetinib and selpercatinib improve the clinic efficiency and more favorable toxicity profile. However, acquired resistance mediated by secondary mutations in the solvent-front region of the kinase (e.g. G810C/S/R) become a new challenge for selective RET inhibitor therapies. In this review, we highlight typical RET inhibitors developed during these years and provide a reference for more potential RET inhibitors exploration in the future.
Associations of C reactive protein to albumin ratio, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, platelet to lymphocyte ratio with disease activity in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Authors: Di Donato Giulia , Attanasi Marina , Mariarita d’ Angelo Debora , La Bella Saverio , Di Ludovico Armando , Chiarelli Francesco , Breda Luciana 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Recent works in the scientific literature reported the role of C reactive protein to albumin ratio (CAR), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) as biomarkers of disease activity in rheumatic diseases.

Objectives
To investigate the role of CAR, PLR and NLR as potential markers of disease activity in children with non-systemic JIA (nsJIA) and their correlation with the risk of persistent disease activity of flare during follow up.

Methods
Our prospective, cross-sectional study involved 130 nsJIA patients (74 with active disease and 56 with inactive disease according to Wallace criteria) and 62 healthy controls. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data were collected at baseline (T0) and at 3 (T1), 6 (T2), 12 (T3) and 18 months (T4) during follow up. Disease activity was evaluated through Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score (JADAS-27).

Results
At baseline, CRP and CAR were higher in patients than in controls (p = 0.046), while no differences were found for NLR and PLR. However, there was no positive correlation between CAR, NLR, PLR and JADAS-27 in JIA patients. To better investigate the role of CAR, NLR and PLR as markers of disease activity, we used a generalized estimating equation (GEE) model, applied to all patients either with or without active disease. According to this analysis, CAR and NLR baseline levels were predictive of higher risk of disease activity at 6 months follow up (p < 0.001).

Conclusions
CAR and NLR could indicate persistent disease activity in patients with JIA. Their predictive value could be increased by their combined use and by the observation of their trend during follow up, since increasing CAR values over time could predict a disease flare in the brief time.
Hypertrophic olivary degeneration following head injury: a case report
Authors: Singh Neha , Thakur Kishan Kumar , Singh Deepak Kumar , Marak James 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Hypertrophic olivary degeneration (HOD) is a unique type of neuronal degeneration presenting as hypertrophy, in contrast to atrophy as seen in most cases. It presents with classical characteristic clinical features due to involvement of dentate-rubral-olivary pathway, also described as triangle of Guillain and Mollaret formed in midbrain, pons and cerebellum. It can be idiopathic or secondary to infarction, bleeding, tumours, trauma or demyelination. However, the mechanism is still unclear. Herein, we present a case of HOD that had developed after post-traumatic pontine and midbrain haemorrhagic contusion.

Case presentation
A young male patient presented with progressively increasing tremors of both hands, inability to walk and multiple cranial nerve palsy. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated bilateral inferior olivary nucleus enlargement and signal changes seen as T2 and T2-FLAIR hyperintensities and non-enhancing T1 iso-intensities. Based on these features, diagnosis of HOD was made. Patient was kept on conservative management and his condition improved.

Conclusions
Hypertrophic olivary degeneration is a unique neuronal degeneration with typical clinical manifestations and distinct imaging features. Proper and early recognition and multidisciplinary treatment approach can result in the best outcomes for the patient.
A streamlined approach to classifying and tailoring implementation strategies: recommendations to speed the translation of research to practice
Authors: Leeman Jennifer , Rohweder Catherine , Lafata Jennifer Elston , Wangen Mary , Ferrari Renee , Shea Christopher M. , Brenner Alison , Roth Isabel , Fleming Oscar , Toles Mark 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Implementation science emerged from the recognized need to speed the translation of effective interventions into practice. In the US, the science has evolved to place an ever-increasing focus on implementation strategies. The long list of implementation strategies, terminology used to name strategies, and time required to tailor strategies all may contribute to delays in translating evidence-based interventions (EBIs) into practice. To speed EBI translation, we propose a streamlined approach to classifying and tailoring implementation strategies.

Main text
A multidisciplinary team of eight scholars conducted an exercise to sort the Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC) strategies into three classes: implementation processes (n = 25), capacity-building strategies (n = 20), and integration strategies (n = 28). Implementation processes comprise best practices that apply across EBIs and throughout the phases of implementation from exploration through sustainment (e.g., conduct local needs assessment). Capacity-building strategies target either general or EBI-specific knowledge and skills (e.g., conduct educational meetings). Integration strategies include “methods and techniques” that target barriers or facilitators to implementation of a specific EBI beyond those targeted by capacity building. Building on these three classes, the team collaboratively developed recommendations for a pragmatic, five-step approach that begins with the implementation processes and capacity-building strategies practice-settings are already using prior to tailoring integration strategies. A case study is provided to illustrate use of the five-step approach to tailor the strategies needed to implement a transitional care intervention in skilled nursing facilities.

Conclusions
Our proposed approach streamlines the formative work required prior to implementing an EBI by building on practice partner preferences, expertise, and infrastructure while also making the most of prior research findings.
Evaluation of key factors for mass rearing the egg parasitoid
Telenomus remus
Nixon (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae)
Authors: Lü Xin , Qiu Ranran , He Xiaofang , Li Jun 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background

Telenomus remus
is an egg parasitoid used as a biocontrol agent to control the invasive pest
Spodoptera frugiperda
. The use of high-quality factitious hosts is needed for efficient mass rearing of high-fitness parasitoids for biological control releases. To improve the efficiency and quality of parasitoid production for mass rearing, we evaluated host perference, supplemental nutrition, ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, parasitoid density, and exposure duration. Quality control for the mass rearing of
Te. remus
has not been conducted previously. This study determined the conditions and quality control factors necessary for the effective mass rearing of
Te. remus
.

Methods

The preferred host of
Te. remus
was determined and the effects of supplemental nutrition on
Te. remus
adults, as well as those of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation on host eggs were evaluated. The subsequent impact on the quality of
Te. remus
were also assessed. The optimal parasitoid-to-host eggs ratio and exposure duration were studied.

Results

Telenomus remus
preferred
S. frugiperda
eggs as the host. Nutrition supplementation prolonged female longevity and increased fecundity of
Te. remus
. UV irradiation caused
S. frugiperda
eggs to shrivel, having a negative effect on
Te. remus
reproduction. When the ratio of
Te. remus
to
S. frugiperda
eggs ranged from 1:4 to 1:10 and the exposure duration was 48 h, a lower wizened egg rate, higher emergence rate, and greater female proportion was obtained.

Conclusions

The use of
S. frugiperda
eggs as the host for mass rearing of
Te. remus
was indicated, and it was found
Spodoptera litura
eggs could sever as an alternative host. Nutrition supplementation and non-UV-irradiated
S. frugiperda
eggs should be provided. The suitable ratio of
Te. remus
to
S. frugiperda
eggs ranges from 1: 4 to 1:10, and the exposure duration should be 48 h, as determined by the ratio of parasitoid to host eggs.