bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Binding of anti‐HLA class I antibody to endothelial cells produce an inflammatory cytokine secretory pattern
Authors: Reyes‐Vargas Eduardo , Pavlov Igor Y. , Martins Thomas B. , Schwartz Jason J. , Hill Harry R. , Delgado Julio C. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractCurrent methods are inadequate for the diagnosis of early chronic allograft rejection. The goal of this study was to determine whether ligation of anti‐HLA antibodies to endothelial cells is associated with a distinctive cytokine secretory pattern. Human iliac artery endothelial cells (HIAEC) cultured in vitro were incubated with w6/32, an anti‐HLA class I mAb. Culture supernatants collected daily for up to 4 days were tested for secretion of 13 cytokines using a multiplexed fluorescent microsphere immunoassay. Culture of HIAEC with medium containing mAb w6/32 supported the growth of HIAEC during the 4‐day study period. Levels of the pro‐inflammatory cytokines IL‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐8, and TNF‐α became significantly increased in supernatants of HIAEC incubated with the mAb w6/32. We conclude that ligation of anti‐HLA class I antibodies to HLA class I antigens in endothelial cells initiates an acute inflammatory process and detecting an inflammatory cytokine secretory pattern might be useful to diagnose sub‐clinical chronic allograft rejection. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 23:157–160, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evaluation of extracts of Jatropha curcas and Moringa oleifera in culture media for selective inhibition of saprophytic fungal contaminants
Authors: Ayanbimpe Grace Mebi , Ojo Titilayo K. , Afolabi Ezekiel , Opara Faith , Orsaah Sylvia , Ojerinde Olalekan Stephen 
Published: May 2009

AbstractMost fungi occur in nature and utilize simple sources of carbohydrates and nitrogen for growth. Sabouraud's dextrose agar has been an ideal medium for primary isolation of fungi from clinical specimens, but for specimens from nonsterile sites or heavily contaminated ones, it has been necessary to include inhibitory substances such as antibiotics like chloramphenicol (antibacterial) and cycloheximide (antifungal). The problems we have in the our laboratory owing to frequent contamination of cultures and the delays in the procurement of cycloheximide have stimulated a search for alternatives in our local environment to enhance effective laboratory diagnoses of fungal infections. Purified extracts of the leaves and bark of Jatropha curcas and Moringa oleifera (common plants in our locality) were tested against clinical isolates of fungi at various concentrations to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration at which common fungal contaminants are inhibited, without affecting the growth of the pathogenic fungi sought for. At a concentration of 0.75 mg ml−1 contaminants were totally inhibited by the leaf extracts. The bark extracts did not inhibit any fungus even at higher concentrations. From the results it was evident that the leaf extracts of both plants have potentials for use as inhibitory substances in culture media against contaminant fungi including Aspergillus spp., Penicillium spp., etc. J. curcas and M. oleifera are very common plants in our locality. They can be obtained at almost no cost and at any time needed. The benefits of these findings to mycology laboratories in a developing country are enormous. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 23:161–164, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Filarial infection is resisted differentially by subjects having different blood group phenotypes
Authors: Dixit Vandana , Pati A.K. , Gupta A.K. , Bisen P.S. , Prasad G.B.K.S. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThis study was aimed to elucidate the relationship between major blood group antigens (BGAs) and susceptibility or resistance to human lymphatic filariasis. A total of 492 human subjects, living in Raipur city of Chhattisgarh, endemic for bancroftian filariasis in Central India, were screened for the presence of Wuchereria bancrofti microfilariae and disease manifestations. The frequency of BGAs was tabulated as a function of the status of filariasis, namely normal (no infection), mf carrier (presence of microfilariae in blood), and elephantiasis (confirmed clinical manifestations). The comparison of ABO phenotype distributions among all the three groups clearly indicated that disease status has a significant relationship with the blood group attributes. The result of χ2 analysis of the frequencies of ABO phenotypes observed in microfilaraemic and elephantiasis groups (observed frequency vs. expected frequency computed based on the distribution of the normal population) revealed that there has been a significant alteration in the distribution of ABO phenotypes in microfilaraemic, but not in elephantiasis, group. The susceptibility to filarial infection was computed as a function of blood group phenotypes in the population. The susceptibility and conditional susceptibility for elephantiasis were the least among the subjects with AB phenotypes. The mechanism of association between filariasis and ABO antigens needs to be further explored to understand how the distribution of BGAs affects susceptibility/resistance to infection. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 23:186–191, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Determining urinary trace elements (Cu, Zn, Pb, As, and Se) in patients with bladder cancer
Authors: Lin Chang‐Ni , Wang Lai‐Hao , Shen Kun‐Hung 
Published: May 2009

AbstractObjectives: Trace elements are essential components of biological structures, but they can be toxic at concentrations beyond those necessary for their biological functions.Methods: A study group of 30 patients with bladder cancer and a control group of 30 healthy volunteers were measured for trace elements using a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer.Results: Urinary zinc and selenium levels in patients were significantly (P<0.05) higherthan those in controls, but urinary copper, arsenic, and lead were not significantly different.Conclusion: This case–control study suggests that zinc and selenium concentrations are associated with the proliferation of bladder cancer cells because zinc and selenium are excreted in the urine of bladder cancer patients. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 23:192–195, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Strain isolation and optimization of process parameters for bioconversion of glycerol to lactic acid
Authors: Hong An‐An , Cheng Ke‐Ke , Peng Feng , Zhou Sheng , Sun Yan , Liu Can‐Ming , Liu De‐Hua 
Published: May 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: The crude glycerol from biodiesel production represents an abundant and inexpensive source which can be used as raw material for lactic acid production. The first aim of this investigation was to select a strain suitable for producing lactic acid from glycerol with a high concentration and productivity. The second aim was to obtain the optimum fermentation conditions, as a basis for large‐scale lactate production in the future.RESULTS: Eight bacterial strains, which could aerobically convert glycerol to lactic acid, were screened from soil samples. One of the strains, AC‐521, which synthesized lactic acid with a higher concentration, was identified based on its 16S rDNA sequences and physiological characteristics. These results indicated that this strain was a member of Escherichia coli. The optimal fermentation conditions for Escherichia coli AC‐521 were 42 °C, pH 6.5, 0.85 min−1 (KLa).CONCLUSION: Escherichia coli AC‐521 suitable for producing lactic acid from glycerol with high concentration and productivity was identified. After 88 h of fed‐batch fermentation, both the lactic acid concentration and glycerol consumption reached maximum, giving 85.8 g L−1 of lactic acid with a productivity of 0.97 g L−1 h−1 and a yield of 0.9 mol mol−1 glycerol. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Oleic acid‐added embedding medium for histological analysis of hard tissue
Authors: Lim Jin Ik , Lee Yong‐Keun 
Published: May 2009

AbstractFor the histological analysis of hard tissue such as bone, various acrylate‐based materials have been used as an embedding medium. However, commercial embedding media are expensive, and cutting the embedded block takes a long time. In this study, mixtures of methyl methacrylate (MMA), di‐butyl‐phthalate (DBP), and oleic acid (OA) were tested for possible application as an embedding medium for large and small undecalcified bone specimens. Mechanical properties were tested in a compressive mode. We investigated the change of hydrophilicity in the sectioned surface by measuring the contact angle depending on the OA. Crystallinity was analyzed using a X‐ray diffractometer (XRD). Surface analysis was performed using a confocal laser scanning microscope. To determine the staining efficiency of staining dyes, hamatoxylin‐eosin (H&E) and Masson's trichrome (MT) staining methods were performed for the histological analysis of bone‐implant complex. We confirmed that the investigated embedding media showed good properties such as optimal mechanical strength appropriate for cutting the embedded block and proper staining efficiency for histological analysis. Therefore, the MMA/DBP/OA mixtures can be used as an embedding media appropriate for various hard tissues and bone‐implant complex. Microsc. Res. Tech. 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Transient expression of genes delivered to newborn rat liver using recombinant adeno‐associated virus 2/8 vectors
Authors: Flageul Maude , Aubert Dominique , Pichard Virginie , Nguyen Tuan Huy , Nowrouzi Ali , Schmidt Manfred , Ferry Nicolas 
Published: May 2009

AbstractBackgroundIn vivo adeno‐associated virus (AAV) delivery to adult liver results in sustained expression of the transgene. However, it has been suggested that AAV delivery to the newborn liver may result in transient expression. In the present study, we analysed transgene expression after AAV8 delivery of a therapeutic or a marker gene to newborn rat liver.MethodsRecombinant AAV 8 vectors carrying either the human UGT1A1 cDNA or the lacZ gene were injected intravenously in 2‐day‐old Gunn or Wistar rats. Serum bilirubin level was recorded in Gunn rats and β‐galactosidase expression was monitored by immunohistochemistry or enzyme activity. The molecular forms of AAV genome were analysed by the polymerase chain reaction and Southern blotting in whole liver and by the quantitative polymerase chain reaction in macroscopically dissected β‐galactosidase clusters.ResultsIn Gunn rat, complete serum bilirubin normalization occurred after AAV delivery but hyperbilirubinemia resumed thereafter. Similarly, β‐galactosidase expression was maximum at day 7, but only a few (less than 1%) β‐galactosidase positive cells were recorded at 1 or 3 months. These cells gathered in small clusters and the AAV copy number was 75‐fold higher in positive cell clusters than in the surrounding parenchyma.ConclusionsThe results obtained in the present study show that in vivo AAV delivery to newborn rats results in transient expression in most hepatocytes. Expression of the trangene was persistent in small clusters of cells and preliminary data support the hypothesis that integration of the viral genome occurs in these clusters. Altogether, our data confirm the low efficiency of AAV vectors for gene therapy of liver diseases when delivered in the newborn period. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pioneer colonizer microorganisms in biofilm formation on galvanized steel in a simulated recirculating cooling‐water system
Authors: Doğruöz Nihal , Göksay Duygu , Ilhan‐Sungur Esra , Cotuk Ayşın 
Published: May 2009

AbstractSome bacteria have a higher tendency to produce biofilm than others. Especially, Pseudomonas and Aeromonas strains are acknowledged to be pioneer colonizers and are predominant in biofilm formation. We examined biofilm formation and first attachment maintance of biofilms of Pseudomonas spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aeromonas spp, sulphate reducing bacteria and filamentous fungi. A simulated recirculating cooling‐water system was used. Heterotrophic bacteria counts on galvanized steel and glass surfaces rose during the tidy period of 720 hours. In addition, we determined that although Pseudomonas spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Aeromonas spp. were the pioneer colonizers, they surprisingly could not be determined in the biofilms on both types of surface after 456 hours. Sulphate reducing bacteria were observed in biofilms on both surfaces from the outset of the experiments. Filamentous fungi were seen on the galvanized steel and glass surfaces after 0.5 h. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Differential response of antioxidative defense system of Anabaena doliolum under arsenite and arsenate stress
Authors: Srivastava Ashish Kumar , Bhargava Poonam , Thapar Riti , Rai Lal Chand 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThis study offers first hand information on the arsenite (As(III)) and arsenate (As(V))‐induced oxidative stress and changes in antioxidative defense system of Anabaena doliolum. A requirement of 58 mM As(V) as compared to only 11 mM As(III) to cause 50% reduction in growth rate suggests that As(III) is more toxic than As(V) in the test cyanobacterium. In contrast to above, oxidative damage measured in terms of lipid peroxidation, electrolyte leakage and peroxide content were significantly higher after As(V) than As(III) treatment as compared to control. Similarly all the studied enzymatic parameters of antioxidative defense system except glutathione reductase (GR) and non‐enzymatic parameters except glutathione reduced (GSH) showed greater induction against As(V) than As(III). Interestingly, higher increase in non‐enzymatic counterpart than enzymatic in both the stresses suggests that detoxification is mainly managed by former than the later. This confirms the belief of pronounced stimulation of the antioxidative defense system by As(V) than As(III). In conclusion, the cyanobacterium may survive better in As(V) than As(III) contaminated fields because of its low toxicity and pronounced induction of antioxidative defense system. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Reduction of molybdate to molybdenum blue by Enterobacter sp. strain Dr.Y13
Authors: Shukor M.Y. , Rahman M.F. , Shamaan N.A. , Syed M.A 
Published: May 2009

AbstractExtensive use of metals in various industrial applications has caused substantial environmental pollution. Molybdenum‐reducing bacteria isolated from soils can be used to remove molybdenum from contaminated environments. In this work we have isolated a local bacterium with the capability to reduce soluble molybdate to the insoluble molybdenum blue. We studied several factors that would optimize molybdate reduction. Electron donor sources such as glucose, sucrose, lactose, maltose and fructose (in decreasing efficiency) supported molybdate reduction after 24 h of incubation with optimum glucose concentration for molybdate reduction at 1.5% (w/v). The optimum pH, phosphate and molybdate concentrations, and temperature for molybdate reduction were pH 6.5, 5.0, 25 to 50 mM and 37 °C, respectively. The Mo‐blue produced by cellular reduction exhibited a unique absorption spectrum with a maximum peak at 865 nm and a shoulder at 700 nm. Metal ions such as chromium, cadmium, copper, silver and mercury caused approximately 73, 71, 81, 77 and 78% inhibition of the molybdenum‐reducing activity, respectively. All of the respiratory inhibitors tested namely rotenone, azide, cyanide and antimycin A did not show any inhibition to the molybdenum‐reducing activity suggesting components of the electron transport system are not responsible for the reducing activity. The isolate was tentatively identified as Enterobacter sp. strain Dr.Y13 based on carbon utilization profiles using Biolog GN plates and partial 16S rDNA molecular phylogeny. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The Legionella pneumophila Dps homolog is regulated by iron and involved in multiple stress tolerance
Authors: Yu Ming‐jia , Ren Jun , Zeng Yong‐lun , Zhou Shi‐ning , Lu Yong‐jun 
Published: May 2009

AbstractIron homeostasis is essential to almost all organisms. In this study, we identified the putative homolog of the iron‐storage protein‐encoding gene, dpsL, in the intracellular pathogen Legionella pneumophila and demonstrated its expression under iron‐limited conditions and its responses to multiple stresses. Quantitative real‐time PCR analysis indicated that the expression of dpsL was enhanced under iron limitation regardless of the growth phase. Compared with the wild‐type cells, the cells devoid of dpsL were heat and H2O2‐sensitive. In contrast to the dps mutants of other bacteria, the growth of the dpsL mutant in an iron‐deprived medium was delayed but finally reached the same cell density as wild‐type cells during the stationary phase of growth. The finding that the dpsL mutant is salt resistant suggested the involvement of DpsL in virulence. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Phenotypic and genotypic characterizations of rhizobia isolated from root nodules of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) grown in Moroccan soils
Authors: El‐Akhal M. Rabie , Rincon Ana , Mourabit Nourdin El , Pueyo Jose J. , Barrijal Said 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe phenotypic and genotypic characterization of sixty‐two rhizobial isolates obtained from nodules of Arachis hypogaea in north‐western Morocco was performed. Their physiological and biochemical properties revealed a great deal of diversity among them. Isolates were classified into two major groups based on the numerical analysis of their phenotypic and genotypic characteristics. Isolates in the first group were alkali‐ and salt‐sensitive, slow or extra‐slow growers; they did not use disaccharides as carbon source and varied in the use of amino acids. ARDRA analysis of the 16S rDNA region grouped them together with reference strains belonging to the genus Bradyrhizobium. In the second group, isolates were fast growers, acid‐sensitive, and alkali‐ and salt‐tolerant; they used both mono and disaccharides as carbon sources, and methionine was the only amino acid they could metabolize as a nitrogen source. ARDRA analysis grouped them with fast‐growing reference strains. Both groups exhibited a range of variability in tolerance to heavy metals. The Intergenic Spacer (IGS)‐PCR fingerprinting analysis confirmed a high genotypic diversity at the strain level. This characterization provides a basis for the selection of peanut‐nodulating rhizobia which may have applications in formulating appropriate inocula for improving peanut crop yield on Moroccan soils, including saline and acidic marginal areas. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Comparative proteomic analysis of passaged Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Zhang Mao‐Jun , Zhao Fei , Xiao Di , Gu Yi‐Xin , Meng Fan‐Liang , He li‐Hua , Zhang Jian‐Zhong 
Published: May 2009

AbstractIn order to identify the proteins associated with Helicobacter pylori colonization in mice, we used 2‐dimensional gel electrophoresis (2‐DE) to analyze the membrane‐ and soluble‐cellular proteins extracted from H. pylori strain 26695 and the mouse‐passaged homolog 88‐3887. We defined 2‐ and 3‐fold changes in protein expression as the threshold values for differential expression in the membrane‐protein and whole‐cell‐protein fractions, respectively. The differentially expressed proteins were identified by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF/TOF). A total of 29 proteins, including 16 membrane‐ or membrane‐associated proteins (13 upregulated, 3 downregulated) and 13 cellular proteins (10 upregulated, 3 downregulated) were differentially expressed between the strains 26695 and 88‐3887. Among the upregulated proteins, 10 proteins had been previously shown to be associated with the mouse colonization, and 13 upregulated proteins were shown to be associated with the adaptation of H. pylori in murine hosts for the first time in this study. The identified proteins were classified as proteins related to metabolism, stress response, virulence, or adhesion. The data presented in this report indicated that there were subsets of upregulated proteins in mouse‐adapted H. pylori. In particular, the adhesins, virulence factors, and stress‐response proteins are likely to contribute to colonization in mice. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Annual temperature history in Southwest Tibet during the last 400 years recorded by tree rings
Authors: Yang Bao , Kang Xingcheng , Liu Jingjing , Bräuning Achim , Qin Chun 
Published: May 2009

AbstractWe present a tree ring‐width record from the southern Tibetan Plateau (TP) which spans from 1612–1998 AD (387 years). The series was developed from Tibetan juniper (Juniperus tibetica Kom) growing at sites near the western distribution limit of the species. Two versions of the chronology, a traditionally standardized chronology (TSC) and a regional curve standardization (RCS)chronology were developed. Linear regression models between ring width and mean annual temperature account for 41% (TSC) and 43% (RCS) of the annual (July–June) temperature variance for the period 1957–1998. According to the TSC reconstruction, warm periods occurred during the 1620s, 1650–1675, 1720s, 1740–1790, 1810s, 1850s–1890s, 1935–1950, and 1957–1964 and since 1980. Cold conditions prevailed during the 1630s–1640s, 1680s–1710s, 1730s, 1820–1840s, 1900s–1920s and the 1970s. Within the last 400 years, the late‐20th century warming is distinctive but still within the range of natural climatic variability of this region. Comparison of our TSC reconstruction with proxy temperature records from other parts of the TP shows that the cold conditions during the 1730s, 1900s–1920s, and 1970s, and the warm periods during the 1770–1800, 1850s–1890s, 1935–1950, and 1957–1964 and since 1980 were synchronously occurring broad‐scale climate anomalies on the whole TP. Differences between the reconstructions are found during the 17th century and around 1760, which were probably caused by local differences in temperature change and different sensitivity in seasonality. The RCS series portrays low‐frequency variations such as warm periods during 1620–1640, 1650–1690, 1715–1790, and 1845–1875, and cold conditions during 1640–1650, 1690–1715, and 1875–1995. These long‐term trends need to be verified by developing other proxy records that target to capture low‐frequency signals in the future. Copyright © 2009 Royal Meteorological Society
Posttyphoon prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder, major depressive disorder, panic disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder in a Vietnamese sample
Authors: Amstadter Ananda B. , Acierno Ron , Richardson Lisa K. , Kilpatrick Dean G. , Gros Daniel F. , Gaboury Mario T. , Tran Trinh Luong , Trung Lam Tu , Tam Nguyen Thanh , Tuan Tran , Buoi La Thi , Ha Tran Thu , Thach Tran Duc , Galea Sandro 
Published: May 2009

AbstractIn 2006, typhoon Xangsane disrupted a multiagency health needs study of 4,982 individuals in Vietnam. Following this disaster, 798 of the original participants were reinterviewed to determine prevalence and risk factors associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depressive disorder (MDD), panic disorder (PD), and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Posttyphoon prevalences were PTSD 2.6%, MDD 5.9%, PD 9.3%, and GAD 2.2%. Of those meeting criteria for a disorder, 70% reported only one disorder, 15% had two, 14% had three, and 1% met criteria for all four disorders. Risk factors for posttyphoon psychopathology differed among disorders, but generally were related to high typhoon exposure, prior trauma exposure, and in contrast to Western populations, higher age, but not gender.