bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘I’m proud of my son with CP’: Cerebral palsy caregivers’ experiences, Gauteng province
Authors: Maronga-Feshete Faith , Pilusa Sonti , Dreyer Abigail 
Published: June 2024

Background: Caregivers of children with cerebral palsy (CP) are critical in the survival and well-being of their children. Despite the caregivers’ particularly demanding responsibilities, literature on their experiences is limited.Objectives: This study explored the caregivers’ experiences of providing care to children with CP.Method: An explorative qualitative study design using semi-structured interviews was employed. All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed guided by Colaizzi’s seven-step methodology.Results: Two themes emerged: the challenges in caregiving and positive experiences of providing care. Caregivers faced financial, psychological, social and physical challenges such as stigmatisation, a lack of work accommodations, time constraints due to demands of providing care, strained family relations, isolation, exclusion, emotional and physical exhaustion in their caregiving role. Despite the challenges, they also had fulfilling, positive experiences. Caregivers became more resilient, some relationships were strengthened and awareness of the CP condition increased over time.Conclusion: Caring for a child with CP is challenging. Cerebral palsy is a permanent disability; therefore, a holistic, long-term perspective to supporting caregivers is necessary to ensure they can care for their children adequately.Contribution: There is a need for various support structures for caregivers to lessen the burden of care. It is necessary to establish the relationships between the support structures available and the way that these structures are viewed and consequently utilised by the caregivers. This study highlights the experiences and needs of caregivers to inform stakeholders on intervention strategies.
Foundational mathematical knowledge of prospective teachers: Evidence from a professional development training
Authors: Mukuka Angel , Alex Jogymol K. 
Published: June 2024

This study examined the effect of a professional development training programme on 20 second-year preservice mathematics teachers’ knowledge in foundational mathematical concepts at a rural university in South Africa. The training programme aimed to enhance preservice teachers’ mathematical knowledge for teaching. An embedded mixed-methods case study design was employed. Baseline and endline assessments were administered before and after the training. A participant feedback survey was also administered after the training. Results showed that the training significantly improved the preservice teachers’ understanding and confidence in the selected concepts, despite their low baseline scores. The participants also expressed satisfaction with the knowledge they gained and appreciated the integration of theory and practice in the training. These findings suggest the need for teacher training institutions to ensure that preservice teachers are well versed in both university-level and school-level mathematics. They also support the need for collaboration with other stakeholders to provide preservice teachers with relevant and engaging professional development opportunities that can enhance their mathematical knowledge for teaching.Contribution: Findings of this study point to a renewed emphasis on the creation of greater collaborations between institutions of higher learning and other key stakeholders to promote the development of prospective teachers’ knowledge of what they will be expected to teach.
South African young adult males’ behavioural intentions when purchasing apparel via mobile apps
Authors: Correia Miguel , Cunnningham Nicole , Roberts-Lombard Mornay 
Published: June 2024

Purpose: More consumers are using mobile applications (apps) to shop for apparel, specifically young adult males. As these young adult males increase their presence on mobile shopping apps, they are becoming the focus of mobile application retailers who historically have not served this target market. Thus, this study aims to determine the behavioural intentions of young adult males.Design/methodology/approach: A descriptive research design was followed, and data were collected from 633 respondents and analysed using structural equation modelling (SEM).Findings/results: The results confirm the combined use of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), substantiating that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and attitude were significant contributors to the behavioural intentions of young adult males purchasing menswear apparel via mobile applications.Practical implications: The study offers retailers a better understanding of young adult males’ mobile application usage patterns, and strategic guidance on developing and marketing mobile applications to this generation.Originality/value: The study provides a comprehensive understanding of behavioural intention by combining constructs from both the TAM and TPB. The study’s findings demonstrate that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and attitude are important considerations for young adult males when shopping for apparel via mobile apps. Furthermore, a number of studies have proposed that young adults are prone to complying with the expectations of their social groups, yet, this study demonstrated that this is not the case for young adult males when purchasing apparel via mobile apps, which demonstrates a level of independence.
The effect of income on the relationship between travel motives and destination choices
Authors: Struwig Jarè , Du Preez Elizabeth A. 
Published: June 2024

Background: Studies investigating the relationship between travel motivations and destination choice are often unidimensional and hierarchical, presenting limited perspectives on traveller groups with diverse socioeconomic backgrounds.Aim: This study investigates the variations in travel motives versus destination choices given different income bands. It presents a nuanced profile of income group members based on socio-demographic variables and travel experience.Setting: South African domestic tourism.Method: Threshold regression was applied to determine whether 13 motivations changed toward six destinations given specific income levels. Data from the 2019 South African Social Attitudes Survey (SASAS) were used and the weighted sample represented 42 573 093 South Africans.Results: The threshold regression materialised with between four to six breakpoints for most destinations. Fun dominated as a motive among lower income groups, as opposed to relationship building for higher income groups. Relaxation, as a known core travel motivation, did not lead to varied interest in specific destinations. Apart from motives, race and travel experience produced several significant differences.Conclusion: Income thresholds meaningfully explain variations in the relationship between travel motivations and destination choice. More effective marketing strategies should be built around travellers within overlooked markets.Contribution: The study provides novel empirical evidence that destination choice is non-linear and multifaceted. It applies threshold regression that has not been used in destination choice studies. Finer nuanced segments are identified and suggest an amendment to the travel career pattern (TCP) to accommodate developing and emergent travellers.
Effects of physical stock loss on the financial performance of retail enterprises
Authors: Tabane Tshegofatso L. , Phume Tshisikhawe B. , Retief Miriam-Miri 
Published: June 2024

Background: Small, medium and micro retail enterprises (SMMEs) in South Africa are regarded as having a high failure rate. The reason behind the failure can be ascribed to a wide variety of issues. Stock shrinkage is one of the challenges contributing towards the failure of businesses particularly if not safeguarded.Aim: The study aimed to investigate the effects of stock shrinkage as a cause of physical stock loss on the financial performance of retail SMMEs in the City of Tshwane.Setting: The sample of the study was drawn from retail SMME owners, managers and owner-managers.Method: A quantitative research approach in the form of a questionnaire was adopted and a non-probability, convenience sampling method was employed. Regression analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS (version 27) to test the hypotheses.Results: Stock spoilage and internal theft are the strongest predictors of profitability and sales volume loss.Conclusion: It is concluded that stock shrinkage as a cause of physical stock loss relates to the financial performance of retail SMMEs. However, not all physical stock loss variables carry the same weight in terms of their contribution to retail financial losses.Contribution: The study contributes to retail SMMEs and stock shrinkage literature by identifying the causes of stock shrinkage as a result of physical stock loss. It further sheds light on high predictor variables of physical stock loss which can threaten the financial sustainability of businesses.
Exploiting non-parallel risk premia in the South African sovereign bond market
Authors: Hariparsad Sanveer , Maré Eben 
Published: June 2024

Background: This study focuses on diversifying fixed income attribution beyond yield and duration by identifying new risk premia applicable to various investment strategies.Aim: To identify cross-sectional bond risk factors in the South African sovereign bond market, capitalising on non-parallel shifts during high-risk macroeconomic events, developing a strategy to extract persistent alpha from higher order interest rate risks and disproving the strong efficient market hypothesis.Setting: This study finds that during high-risk macro events, non-parallel shifts increase in frequency. Empirical evidence suggests that post the 2008 financial crisis, there have been increased occurrences of risk-on/off events and researchers believe high risk macro events will increase in prominence. As such, most active US fixed income managers have reduced duration risk (from parallel shifts) in favour of alternative risk premia.Method: This study exploits slope and curvature risks, by utilising a butterfly strategy. Ten bond risk factors are back-tested and analysed during interest rate cycles, curve scenarios and risk-off periods from 1998 to 2023.Results: The top-ranked strategies displayed strong and persistent outperformance over the bottom-ranked strategies for most of the bond factors especially during risk-on episodes. The Bond All-Factor Rank demonstrated improved diversification by balancing upside and downside risks. Trade costs are an important factor that requires pragmatic management.Conclusion: Geopolitical risks are increasing in frequency and developing a strategy to exploit non-parallel risk premia is an attractive proposition.Contribution: This study identified new bond risk factors beyond the conventional spread factor to extract non-parallel risk premia.
Evaluating shareholder wealth creation in JSE-listed investment holding companies
Authors: Schwenke Nicholas , Sebastian Avani , Maroun Warren 
Published: June 2024

Background: The value and performance of underlying investments are the primary driver of value created by investment holding companies. In theory, the intrinsic net asset value of these companies should reflect the fair value of their ownership stakes in the underlying investments; however, most investment holding companies trade at a discount to the reported measure of intrinsic value per share.Aim: The aim of this study is to determine if corporate actions have reduced discounts to intrinsic net asset value among a sample of Johannesburg Securities Exchange (JSE)-listed holding companies.Setting: The study focused on a sample of JSE-listed investment holding companies.Method: The study was quantitative in nature, and an event study using multiple estimation models was used to determine the share price reaction to the corporate actions.Results: The results confirm the widening of a discount and indicate that corporate actions demonstrate no significant effect in reducing the discount to net asset value.Conclusion: The corporate actions in this study were not effective as a method to address discounts for holding companies. The persistent and widening discount reflects market perceptions. Demonstration of management’s ability to allocate capital and provide returns above the cost of capital is suggested as the only way to narrow the discount.Contribution: This study contributes to the existing JSE event study literature by focusing on investment holding companies and highlighting that the market perception of investment holding companies is reflected in the widening discount to intrinsic net asset value.
Leadership power bases influence on quality of work-life and intention to stay among retailing employees
Authors: Maphanga Mbali E. , Mokoena Aubrey B. , Isabirye Anthony K. 
Published: June 2024

Orientation: Retail managers utilise their position of authority to obtain the highest calibre work to uphold the perceived standards of their individual businesses.Research purpose: The goal of this research is to investigate the impact of leadership power bases and workplace quality on employees’ intentions to remain at a particular retail location in the Gauteng province.Motivation for the study: Effective and efficient management of staff is a key factor in determining the success of retailers in businesses of all sizes in that employees can be significantly impacted by the leadership power a store manager possesses.Research approach/design and method: A quantitative cross-sectional research design utilising a probability random sampling technique was adopted to collect data from a sample of 336 employees through a structured questionnaire.Main findings: Reward power showed a negative prediction of quality of work–life, whereas coercive power and lawful power bases showed a favourable contribution to the prediction of quality of work–life. In addition, quality of work–life proved to be a significant predictor of intention to stay.Practical/managerial implication: By investing in leadership development and fostering a supportive work culture, organisations can create an environment that encourages employees to stay for the long term.Contribution/value-add: Understanding the influence of different power bases, organisations can target development opportunities that will improve overall leadership capability and create a more positive work environment.
Elevated Levels of Gonadotrophic Hormones and Antioxidant Biomarker in Male Rats Following Administration of Hydromethanol Leaf Extract of Justicia secunda in Response to 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine Induction
Authors: Mobisson Samuel Kelechi , Iyanyi Uchechukwu Loveth , Ehigiator Ben Enoluomen , Ibe Fidelis U. , Monye Justin Bonaparte , Obembe Agona O. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine induces testicular toxicity and can result in reproductive dysfunction in male rats.

Aim:
This study investigated the effects of hydromethanolic leaf extract of Justicia secunda on phenylhydrazine (PHZ)-induced reproductive dysfunction in male Wistar rats.

Settings and Design:
Twenty rats (90–170 g) were grouped into five (A-E) (n = 4) with the approval of the research ethics committee.

Materials and Methods:
Group A (control) received 0.5 mL of normal saline, Groups B to E received PHZ, PHZ + Astymin (0.5 mL), PHZ + J. secunda (0.2 mg/kg) and PHZ + J. secunda (0.5 mg/kg), respectively. All animals in Groups B to E received 2 mg/kg PHZ intraperitoneally for 2 days, and thereafter, administration of Astymin and J. secunda commenced in Groups C, D and E for 14 days using gavage.

Statistical Analysis Used:
The data were analysed using a one-way analysis of variance and the Bonferroni post hoc test.

Results:
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) decreased significantly in PHZ, PHZ + Astymin and PHZ + J. secunda (0.2 mg/kg) and increased significantly in PHZ + J. secunda (0.5 mg/kg) than control. Luteinising hormone (LH) and testosterone significantly (P < 0.001) reduced in treated groups than control. Total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and very-low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol were significantly reduced in the treated groups than the control. Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) significantly (P < 0.001) increased in treated groups than in control. Testicular glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase, catalase and malondialdehyde significantly increased in extract-treated groups compared to control. Superoxide dismutase significantly decreased in PHZ-treated group than in the control.

Conclusion:
PHZ administration caused testicular toxicity and altered biochemical markers, astymin treatment reduced male reproductive hormones, while J. secunda (0.5 mg/kg) increased FSH and LH, decreased TNFα levels and altered the concentration of testicular antioxidant markers. These alterations may be linked to the toxic effect of PHZ and could negatively affect spermatogenesis.
T2-T3 Sympathetic Neurolysis: A Limb-saving Procedure
Authors: Mutha Sandeep , Manohar Manas Vithal , Sushmitha K , Phalgune Deepak Sadashiv 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Medical practitioners have a unique role and responsibility in medication administration. Most of the time, they are the last person to check to see that the medication is correctly prescribed and dispensed before administration. The correct route of drug administration is crucial and the wrong route of drug administration is a treatment failure and can also lead to patient morbidity and mortality. We report a case of accidental intra-arterial injection of diclofenac sodium, its complications, and management.
Anesthetic Management of a Pediatric Patient with Midline Neck Mass Causing Significant Tracheal Compression in Stridor for Resection of Tumor
Authors: Mathew Jacob , Rajan Sunil , Sreekumar Gayathri , Roy Roniya Ann , Pindis Sarah Johny , Paul Jerry 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
A 1-year-old female child weighing 10 kg, with a mass over the lower part of the neck presented with stridor. Computed tomography showed a solid enhancing lesion in the lower neck causing marked tracheal compression with complete apposition of the anterior and posterior walls of the trachea causing almost complete obliteration of the tracheal lumen. The child was posted for resection of the tumor under general anesthesia. She was induced with sevoflurane 8% in oxygen and intubated following a flexible bronchoscopic assessment with a 4.0 mm cuffed endotracheal tube using C-MAC videolaryngoscope. After positioning, she developed airway compression, and using a fiber-optic bronchoscope, ETT tip was repositioned distal to the area of tracheal compression. There were repeated episodes of airway compression with desaturation intraoperatively. Postoperatively, the child was ventilated. Due to tracheomalacia and bilateral vocal cord palsy, the extubation trials failed, and she was eventually tracheostomized on the 5th postoperative day to maintain airway.
Nasocardiac Reflex: A Unique Clinical Phenomenon during Augmentation Rhinoplasty – Role of Sphenopalatine Ganglion Block
Authors: Chittoria Konica , Tauheed Nazia , Nawaz Nida , Bari Farhat , Haleem Shahla 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Nasocardiac reflex is a trigeminovagal reflex that occurs during procedures in and around the nasal mucosa. It is characterized by a chain of events similar to vasovagal syncope. A case of nasocardiac reflex developed intraoperatively during augmentation rhinoplasty in a young female being operated on for saddle nose deformity. The occurrence of transient vagal response during surgical dissection of the nasal septum was evident in the form of severe bradycardia and hemodynamic instability. To complete the surgery without undue consequences, the situation was managed with transient stoppage of surgery, followed by intravenous atropine and topical infiltration of the involved nasal mucosa with 10 ml of 2% lignocaine.
Efficacy of Transmucosal Nitroglycerin Spray versus Intravenous Lignocaine for the Attenuation of Hemodynamic Responses to Intubation
Authors: Rajan Sunil , Raveendran Sherjin D. S. , Bhuyan Maharnab , Arul Lokeshshiva , Sreekumar Gayathri , Kumar Lakshmi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims:
Intravenous (IV) lignocaine and sublingual nitroglycerin (NTG) obtund intubation responses. We aimed to compare heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) changes following direct laryngoscopy and intubation after transmucosal NTG spray versus IV lignocaine.

Methods:
Sixty participants were randomized equally into two groups. Group A patients received IV lignocaine 1.5 mg/kg, 90 s before intubation. Oropharynx of Group B patients was sprayed with 800 μg of NTG oral spray just before induction. General anesthesia regimen for induction, intubation, and maintenance was similar for all patients. HR and MAP at predefined time points and incidence of intraoperative hypotension were noted.

Results:
Intergroup analysis showed comparable HR in both the groups till 10 min. There was no significant difference in baseline MAP in both the groups. MAP was significantly higher in Group A till 10 min after intubation. Intragroup analysis of HR in Group A showed no significant difference from baseline after induction, 1, 3, and 5 min after intubation. HR at different time points was comparable with baseline during the study period in Group B. A significant fall in MAP from baseline was noted in Group A except at 1 min after intubation. In Group B, a significant fall in MAP from baseline was noted till 15 min after intubation. The incidence of intraoperative hypotension was significantly higher in Group B compared with Group A (40% vs. 3.3%).

Conclusion:
Both IV lignocaine and transmucosal NTG spray attenuated hemodynamic responses to intubation. However, considering a significantly lesser fall in MAP, IV lignocaine 1.5 mg/kg can be considered superior to 800 μg of transmucosal NTG spray for safely attenuating hemodynamic response to intubation.
Efficacy of Structured Teaching Programs in Improving Oral Hygiene Knowledge among School Children at Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Gowdar Inderjit M. , Alogily Zaid A. , Alenazi Abdullah I. , Basuliman Mahfouz A. , Alamodi Muaadh H. , Alsubaie Abdulaziz F. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Children’s knowledge of oral hygiene is very important to have a good oral health. Health education intervention is the best way to impart oral hygiene knowledge to children, which is cost-effective also.

Aim of the Study:
To evaluate the effectiveness of a structured teaching program in improving the existing oral hygiene knowledge of children in the age group of 10–12 years.

Methodology:
A randomized control trial was planned with one intervention group and control group. A pre-intervention test was conducted in both the groups to assess baseline oral hygiene knowledge among children. After the pre-test, the intervention group children were educated through a structured teaching program for a period of 2 weeks. Again, post-test was conducted in both the groups after a gap of a week.

Results:
The pre-intervention oral hygiene knowledge scores were 8.43 ± 3.93 in the intervention group and 8.44 ± 3.90 in the control group. Post intervention, the oral hygiene knowledge score was 15.34 ± 2.37 in the intervention group and 8.96 ± 1.37 in the control group. A 45.04% increase in knowledge was observed in the intervention group. The results were statistically highly significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
A structured teaching program is an effective way to impart knowledge among school children; furthermore, long-term follow-up studies are needed to evaluate oral hygiene knowledge gained through the program.