bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sex differences in musculoskeletal stress markers: Problems with activity pattern reconstructions
Authors: Weiss E. , Corona L. , Schultz B. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThis study examined six musculoskeletal stress marker (MSM) scores that showed reverse sex differences in the previously published research. MSM scores often differ by sex within a population. Most often females have lower MSM scores than do males; however, reverse sex differences do occur. If reverse sex differences are culturally specific, then these MSM scores are more likely caused by activity patterns than biology. Yet, if the same MSM scores show reverse trends in multiple populations, then perhaps these reversals may be the result of biological sex differences, such as hormonal differences and body size, or methodological reasons, such as MSM location. In the current study, deltoideus, pronator quadratus and trapezius MSM scores were significantly more pronounced in males in the California Amerind population examined. Most MSM scores examined significantly correlated with body size and age. With articular size and age controls, only the pronator quadratus and trapezius continued to display significant sex differences. Males had greater MSM pronator quadratus and trapezius scores than did females. The lack of sex differences in four out of six MSM scores may relate to the confounding factor of body size. Thus, it is suggested that some reverse sex differences in the published literature may not relate to activity patterns whereas other MSM sites show more promise. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Application of a potential vorticity modification method to a case of rapid cyclogenesis over the Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Manders A. M. M. , Verkley W. T. M. , Diepeveen J. J. , Moene A. R. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA method to modify the potential vorticity of a numerical weather analysis is applied to a case of rapid cyclogenesis over the Atlantic Ocean. The development of the cyclone's intensity in terms of mean sea level pressure is underestimated by the Dutch version of the limited‐area weather prediction model HIRLAM. The analysis shows a rather clear mismatch between the potential vorticity of the analysis and the corresponding water vapour satellite image. A barotropic displacement of potential vorticity, based on a subjective comparison with the water vapour satellite image, improves the forecast in terms of the cyclone's mean sea level pressure eighteen hours after the analysis. Similar but different modifications are investigated to assess the sensitivity of the development to the modification applied.The numerical analysis of the global ECMWF model displays a similar mismatch between potential vorticity and water vapour image, although the mismatch is somewhat less dramatic than for the HIRLAM model. Notwithstanding, the ECMWF model describes the development of the mean sea level pressure of the cyclone very well. Investigation of targeted singular vectors and a regular ensemble for this case shows, however, that the forecast is sensitive to perturbations of the initial state, in particular in the region of the potential vorticity/water vapour mismatch. The operational forecast lies in the middle of the ECMWF ensemble, the ensemble containing members with both stronger and weaker development of the cyclone.Our study confirms that a mismatch between an analysed potential vorticity field and a water vapour satellite image might indicate an error in the analysis. However, the error is not necessarily confined to the upper atmosphere and may involve the lower atmosphere as well. Pairs of ECMWF ensemble members, differing according to the sign of the initial perturbation and leading to either shallow or deep cyclones, are studied to shed some light on the effect of different initial conditions. The modification that improves the HIRLAM forecast resembles one of the more strongly developing ensemble members, indicating that the modification lies within the range of acceptable possibilities. Copyright © 2007 Royal Meteorological Society
Robust finite‐time stability of impulsive dynamical linear systems subject to norm‐bounded uncertainties
Authors: Amato F. , Ambrosino R. , Ariola M. , De Tommasi G. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractRobust finite‐time stability (FTS) for a class of uncertain hybrid systems is tackled for the first time in this paper. In particular, uncertain impulsive dynamical linear systems (U‐IDLS) are considered. U‐IDLS exhibit jumps in the state trajectory that can be either time‐driven (time‐dependent IDLS) or driven by specific state values (state‐dependent IDLS). Furthermore, U‐IDLS may exhibit uncertainties both in the linear dynamic and in the jump equation. In this paper, sufficient conditions for FTS of IDLS are provided. These results require the solution of feasibility problems involving differential‐difference linear matrix inequalities (D/DLMIs), which can be numerically solved in an efficient way, as illustrated in the proposed examples. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Added value of the gray‐scale whirlpool sign in the diagnosis of adnexal torsion
Authors: Valsky D. V. , Esh‐Broder E. , Cohen S. M. , Lipschuetz M. , Yagel S. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractObjectiveAdnexal torsion is a common gynecologic emergency affecting females of all ages. Expedient diagnosis and treatment are important, particularly in young fertile patients to preserve ovarian viability. Classical parameters for the clinical and sonographic diagnosis of adnexal torsion have very high false‐positive rates, approaching 50%. The sonographic ‘whirlpool’ sign has been shown to be effective for visualizing the torsed part in the prenatal diagnosis of malrotation of the midgut with volvulus, as well as scrotal and ovarian torsion. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the whirlpool sign in the diagnosis of torsion, as compared to a protocol based on ‘classic’ sonographic signs of torsion alone.MethodsThis was a retrospective chart review. Files of all patients who underwent laparoscopy for suspected torsion at our center between January 2006 and May 2009 were extracted and reviewed. Ultrasound reports were retrieved from our computerized database. Patients were assigned to the study group if the whirlpool sign had been investigated during pre‐procedural evaluation or to the control group if only the standard protocol had been applied.ResultsEighty women were referred for laparoscopy for suspected adnexal torsion during the study period. In 22 women the ultrasound investigation had included the whirlpool sign (study group) while 58 had been examined by the standard protocol (control group). Twenty women in the study group had a positive whirlpool sign on ultrasound, 18 of whom (90.0%) had confirmed torsion on laparoscopy. In the control group 32 of 58 (55.2%) women had confirmed torsion on laparoscopy.ConclusionThe addition of the sonographic whirlpool sign to the preoperative sonographic evaluation of patients with suspected torsion appears to improve the rate of true‐positive diagnoses as confirmed by laparoscopy. Copyright © 2010 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Solvothermal Synthesis, Crystal Structures, and Magnetic Properties of Two Organically Templated Iron Sulfates with Chain Structures
Authors: Ma Ling , Liu Dan , Xing Yan , Liu Xianchun , Li Gaijuan 
Published: June 2010

AbstractTwo new one‐dimensional (1D) organically templated iron(III) sulfates [C2NH8]3 [Fe3(μ3‐O)2(SO4)4] (1) and [C2N2H10][C2NH7]0.5[FeF(SO4)2] (2) were synthesized under solvothermal conditions and characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD), FT‐IR spectroscopy, elemental analyses, ICP analyses, and thermogravimetric analyses. Single‐crystal structure analysis reveals that both compounds show linear‐chain structures, involving FeO6 (FeF2O4) octahedra and SO4 tetrahedra. The magnetic properties of the two compounds have also been investigated.
Synthesis and Structures of New Borylferrocenes, and Structures of, 2‐Chalcogeno‐bis(aminoboryl)[3]ferrocenophanes and 1,1′‐Tris(di‐methylaminoboryl))][3]ferrocenophane [1, 2]
Authors: Appel Andrea , Nöth Heinrich 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe reaction of Br2BCpFeCp with (Me3Si)2S affords the hexacyclic tris(ferrocenyl)trithia‐triborine (CpFeCp‐BS)3, whereas the tris(ferrocenyl)boroxine is obtained from CpFeCpB(NMe2)2 and H2O via the isolated intermediate [CpFeCpBO)3·HNMe2. In this compound there are two ferrocenyl units in trans‐orientation and a third one is bonded to an O2BNHMe2 unit with formation of a tetracoordinated boron atom (We use the symbol Cp here not only for the C5H5 unit but also for C5H4 or C5H3 units). The structures of several bromo(dialkylamino)borylferrocenes and the 1,1′‐bis[bromo(dialkylamino)boryl]ferrocenes were determined. They show no Fe–B interaction. The Br(R2N)B and the (R2N)2B groups are increasingly twisted against their Cp planes. In case of 1,1′‐[Br(iPr2N)BCp]2Fe the CB(Br)N planes are twisted against the respective Cp planes by 38.7 and 112.5°, which brings the bromine atoms closer to the iron atom. This twisting is enhanced by an increase of the steric demands by the amino groups and is largest for (iPr2NtBuHNBCp)2Fe. The structures of two 1,1′‐chalcogeno‐bis(diorganylaminoboryl)[3]ferrocenophanes X[(R2N)BCp]2Fe (X = O. S; R = Me, iPr) are reported as well as the new 1,1′‐tris(dimethylaminoboryl)[3]ferrocenophane.
Benzyllanthanide Chemistry: Revival of Manzer’s ortho‐Me2N‐Benzyl Ligand
Authors: Harder Sjoerd 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe Manzer benzyl ligand, ortho‐Me2N‐benzyl (DMA), has been introduced in lanthanide (Ln) chemistry more than three decades ago with the syntheses of Sc(DMA)3 and Er(DMA)3 but no reaction chemistry or structures have been described. Only recently it was shown that a Ln(DMA)3 complex can also be obtained for the largest Ln metal lanthanum and first crystal structures appeared. At present crystal structures of many Ln(DMA)3 complexes throughout the series have been determined and were found to be isomorphous. This reports describes the improvement of synthetic methods for Ln(DMA)3 complexes, a discussion on structures and trends and more important, the wide scope of Ln(DMA)3 reagents as versatile building‐blocks in lanthanide chemistry: the fast‐growing number of complexes and catalysts that have been made starting from a Ln(DMA)3 reagent are summarized. Despite the intramolecular chelating Me2N arm, half‐sandwich catalysts containing the DMA fragment are still active in alkene polymerizations or other catalytic conversions. The main advantages of Ln(DMA)3 complexes are: i) easy syntheses from commercially available starting materials, ii) convenient crystallization which warrants high purity, iii) high stability on account of intramolecular coordination while sufficient reactivity for further conversions is maintained and iv) availability of these reagents over the full Ln range which is advantageous for catalyst screening.
Shelf Life of Cold‐Pressed Pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) Seed Oil Obtained with a Screw Press
Authors: Vujasinovic Vesna , Djilas Sonja , Dimic Etelka , Romanic Ranko , Takaci Aleksandar 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe production of cold‐pressed oil from nonroasted naked pumpkin seeds by pressing with screw presses started in the Republic of Serbia at the end of 1990s. This oil has the characteristic flavour of raw‐dried seeds, and is a specific product of this region. The oil samples were prepared by pressing naked pumpkin seeds and pumpkin seeds with the hulls in a 3:2 ratio using a screw press. The changes of the oil sensory characteristics, basic chemical quality and oxidative stability were followed over a 2‐year period. The results obtained showed that the oil sensory quality was stable during the first 12 months of storage, after which the flavour became musty. Although the chemical quality of the oil deteriorated to some extent, both the acid and peroxide values satisfied the legislative minimum during the whole investigation time. The oxidative stability of oil determined by a Rancimat apparatus was good, although the induction period after 2 years decreased by 25–40%. To ensure the use of only the highest quality oil, a 12‐month shelf life is recommended.
Plasma prolactin concentrations and copulatory behavior after salsolinol injection in male rats
Authors: Terada Misao , Oláh Mark , Nagy György M. , Taniguchi Kazumi , Sato Fumio , Muranaka Shiro , Fungfuang Wirasak , Kromkhun Pudcharaporn , Nakada Tomoaki , Yokosuka Makoto , Saito Toru R. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractPurposeThe dopamine‐derived endogenous compound, R‐salsolinol (SAL), was recently identified as a putative endogenous prolactin (PRL)‐releasing factor. However, how SAL influences copulatory behavior is unknown. In this study, we examined the relationship between SAL and copulatory behavior in male rats.MethodsMale Sprague‐Dawley rats administered SAL were exposed to female rats in estrus, the plasma PRL concentration was measured, and the behavioral frequency and time during copulatory behavior were noted.ResultsIn the control and SAL groups, plasma PRL concentrations at 15 min before exposure to the female were 7.3 ± 2.0 and 8.0 ± 1.5 ng/ml, respectively. Moreover, plasma PRL concentrations in males immediately after exposure to the female were 7.4 ± 1.2 and 68.0 ± 5.9 ng/ml, respectively (P < 0.05). All (8/8) of the control animals ejaculated in the presence of the female, whereas only 33% (2/6) of the SAL group ejaculated. An increasing tendency for mount latency and intromission latency and a decreasing tendency for intromission frequency were observed in the SAL group.ConclusionsCopulatory behavior was inhibited in male rats after SAL injection, suggesting that SAL is a copulatory behavior inhibiting factor.
Management of physical health in patients with schizophrenia: practical recommendations
Authors: Heald A. , Montejo A.L. , Millar H. , De Hert M. , McCrae J. , Correll C.U. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractImproved physical health care is a pressing need for patients with schizophrenia. It can be achieved by means of a multidisciplinary team led by the psychiatrist. Key priorities should include: selection of antipsychotic therapy with a low risk of weight gain and metabolic adverse effects; routine assessment, recording and longitudinal tracking of key physical health parameters, ideally by electronic spreadsheets; and intervention to control CVD risk following the same principles as for the general population. A few simple tools to assess and record key physical parameters, combined with lifestyle intervention and pharmacological treatment as indicated, could significantly improve physical outcomes. Effective implementation of strategies to optimise physical health parameters in patients with severe enduring mental illness requires engagement and communication between psychiatrists and primary care in most health settings.
COMPARING KNOWLEDGE AND USE OF HEALTH SERVICES OF MIGRANTS FROM RURAL AND URBAN AREAS IN KUNMING CITY, CHINA
Authors: WEI XIAOLIN , PEARSON STEPHEN , ZHANG ZHANXIN , QIN JIANGMEI , GEREIN NANCY , WALLEY JOHN 
Published: June 2010

SummaryThis paper compares the knowledge and utilization of health services among rural residents, urban residents, rural migrants and urban migrants in a large Chinese city. Data were obtained from a questionnaire survey of 2765 individuals (1951 heads of households and 814 spouses) in Guandu district, Kunming, in 2005. The determinants of their knowledge and utilization of health services were analysed using multivariate logistic regression. First, the migrant population was less likely to know of, or utilize, high-level hospitals and township hospitals than residents. Migrants were more likely to utilize private rather than public services for general health care and delivery care. Second, there was a difference between rural migrants and urban migrants in terms of knowledge and utilization of health services. Rural migrants utilized more low-cost private clinics, but had less knowledge about sources of condoms than urban migrants. Finally, rural residents had more knowledge and utilization of township hospitals than urban residents. This latter group were more likely to utilize high-level hospitals. Migrants' access to health care in urban China is understood better using a dual rural–urban and migrant–resident analytical framework. Rural migrants are the most disadvantaged in their access to urban health care. Further reform of the registered residence system and urban public financing system is recommended. Better information on services and their utilization should be provided to migrants and residents.
Resistance and resilience of benthic biofilm communities from a temperate saltmarsh to desiccation and rewetting
Authors: McKew Boyd A , Taylor Joe D , McGenity Terry J , Underwood Graham J C 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Periods of desiccation and rewetting are regular, yet stressful events encountered by saltmarsh microbial communities. To examine the resistance and resilience of microbial biofilms to such stresses, sediments from saltmarsh creeks were allowed to desiccate for 23 days, followed by rewetting for 4 days, whereas control sediments were maintained under a natural tidal cycle. In the top 2 mm of the dry sediments, salinity increased steadily from 36 to 231 over 23 days, and returned to seawater salinity on rewetting. After 3 days, desiccated sediments had a lower chlorophyll a (Chl a) fluorescence signal as benthic diatoms ceased to migrate to the surface, with a recovery in cell migration and Chl a fluorescence on rewetting. Extracellular β-glucosidase and aminopeptidase activities decreased within the first week of drying, but increased sharply on rewetting. The bacterial community in the desiccating sediment changed significantly from the controls after 14 days of desiccation (salinity 144). Rewetting did not cause a return to the original community composition, but led to a further change. Pyrosequencing analysis of 16S rRNA genes amplified from the sediment revealed diverse microbial responses, for example desiccation enabled haloversatile Marinobacter species to increase their relative abundance, and thus take advantage of rewetting to grow rapidly and dominate the community. A temporal sequence of effects of desiccation and rewetting were thus observed, but the most notable feature was the overall resistance and resilience of the microbial community.
Extending Use of the NRT to Preschool-Age Children With and Without Specific Language Impairment
Authors: Deevy Patricia , Weil Lisa Wisman , Leonard Laurence B. , Goffman Lisa 
Published: July 2010

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of the Nonword Repetition Test (NRT; Dollaghan & Campbell, 1998) using a sample of 4- and 5-year-olds with and without specific language impairment (SLI) and to evaluate its feasibility for use in universal screening.

Method
The NRT was administered to 29 children with SLI and 47 age-matched children with typical development. Diagnostic accuracy was computed using alternative scoring methods, which treated out-of-inventory phonemes either as errors or as unscorable. To estimate accuracy in a universal screening context, the probability of identifying a child at risk for language impairment was computed using the prevalence of SLI (7%) as the base rate.

Results
Diagnostic accuracy was acceptable using both scoring methods. The resulting likelihood ratios (LR+ = 22.66, 19.43; LR− = .05, .05) were similar to those reported for older children. The probability of accurate detection of children with SLI in the general population increased from 7% to 61%. However, this value suggests that many false positives could be expected.

Conclusion
The NRT yielded results similar to those reported for older children. However, despite its strengths, the NRT is not sufficient for screening the general population of 4- and 5-year-olds.
Remembering and Researching the Old and the New: An Interview with Roddy Roediger
Authors: Elmes David G. 
Published: June 2010

Dr. Henry L. (Roddy) Roediger is the James S. McDonnell Distinguished University Professor in the Psychology Department at Washington University in St. Louis (WUSTL) and a scholar of human memory. He graduated from Washington & Lee University in 1969 and received his PhD in psychology from Yale University. He served as chair of the Psychology Department at WUSTL from 1996 to 2004, when he was named dean of academic planning in Arts and Sciences. Roediger's research interests include such topics as how people can suffer memory illusions and false memories (remembering events differently from the way they happened or remembering events that never happened at all); implicit memory (when past events affect ongoing behavior without one's awareness); and, most recently, applying cognitive psychology to improving learning in educational situations. One primary current interest is why the process of retrieval serves as a powerful memory enhancer. David G. Elmes is professor emeritus of psychology at Washington & Lee University, where he taught for 40 years. He earned undergraduate and graduate degrees from the University of Virginia. Elmes was a research associate at the Human Performance Center of the University of Michigan, and he was a Visiting Fellow of University College at the University of Oxford. He has coauthored or edited four books that focus on research methods and has numerous publications on learning, memory, and olfaction. Elmes served as president of the Council on Undergraduate Research. He is a fellow of the Association for Psychological Science and the Virginia Academy of Science.
THE EFFECT OF DIVORCE ON PARENT–CHILD CONTACTS
Authors: Albertini Marco , Garriga Anna 
Published: June 2010

ABSTRACT
Previous studies on divorce have found consistent empirical evidence that a negative association exists between marital disruption and children's wellbeing, life chances and intergenerational relations. However, there are relatively few studies on the long-term effect of divorce on parent–child contacts. Furthermore, contemporary research is confronted with two declining effect hypotheses. Firstly, it has been argued that the negative effects of divorce may possibly decrease as children's age at time of divorce increases; secondly, it has been suggested that the consequences of divorce might be less severe the more frequent marriage dissolution is in a society. By using data from Sweden, Denmark, Belgium and France from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe, we analyze the existing relation between parents’ divorce and the intensity of parent–child contacts. Furthermore, we provide some empirical evidence on the two declining effect hypotheses. Our findings show that divorce has long-term negative effects on the intensity of intergenerational relations. The results do not provide any evidence in favor of either the individual or the collective declining effect hypothesis.
Public perception of the professional titles used within psychological services
Authors: Kanellakis Pavlo , D'Aubyn Jennefer 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBackground and aim: There have been several calls for adopting an empirical approach investigating public opinion concerning the differentiation between the professional titles ‘counsellor’ and ‘psychotherapist’. The present research makes a first step to addressing this issue. Method: Sixteen interviewers, recruited across the UK, interviewed 450 members of the public in 57 UK district codes. Age, gender and education were monitored for sampling purposes. Results: The findings indicated that around two thirds of the public perceive the professional title ‘counsellor’ to be distinct from the professional titles ‘psychotherapist’ and ‘psychological therapist’ and for these latter two titles to be almost identical. About one third of the public perceive the opposite trend, and one tenth is undecided whether these professional titles are distinct or indistinct. Conclusion: These results have implications for the debate concerning the structure of the Health Professions Council (HPC) Register in the regulation of counsellors and psychotherapists.