bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ben-Hur/1959
Authors: Erdoğan Nevnihal 
Published: April 2024

Ben-Hur has been filmed three times. The protagonist of the film, who was
shot during the time of silent cinema in 1925, was Ramon Novarro, the great star of the
era. The most memorable one, which won 11 Oscars and has an important place in
cinema history, is the 1959 film by the master director William Wyler. This review
focuses on the 1959 film, considered more successful due to its impressive, sincere,
and convincing spatial setup.Judah Ben-Hur was a wealthy Jewish merchant prince, living in Jerusalem in 26 AD
(early first century). What is told in the movie is the story of a large family who lived
in Jerusalem when the cruel and imperious administration of the Roman Empire was
ruling, and Jesus Christ was spreading his teachings.
In this section, the construction of space that can form the common language of both
disciplines in the cinema-architecture relationship, design, innovations and invention,
inspiration for real-life, and beyond, the richness of imaginary fiction, ideas about
different lives and worlds, art and aesthetics in space setup, and the similarities of
cinema and architecture will be the topics of interest. Since the film occurs in the
atmosphere of ancient cities such as Rome and Jerusalem, which were at the center of
classical world civilization, it provides a suitable setting for conducting analyses in this
field. The film presents a wide range of architectural facades within these rich themes.
“Power and architecture,” “Faith and architecture,” and “Politics and architecture” are
the main ones. The method of the article will be to explain the analysis of the Ben-Hur
film over these themes.
The influence of government power on shaping the city and its architecture is excellent.
The ideologies, administrative approaches, and practices of the rulers of Rome and
Jerusalem were created through monumental buildings that command, subjugate, and
spiritually influence, and magnificent architectural works that oppress the ruled. Today,
we often cannot show the ability to look at the texture and layers of cities from a
historical perspective. However, a well-executed political-religious-architectural film
can turn into a civilization narrative that reveals these issues in detail and history. That
is what happened with Ben-Hur.
Doctor Zhivago
Authors: Erdoğan Nevnihal 
Published: April 2024

Adapted from the novel, the film is about historical events depicting the last
period of Tsarist Russia, the city of Moscow between 1903-1905, when the Socialist
Revolution gained strength, the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution in Russia, and the Russian
Civil War (1917-1922), the turmoil in the postrevolutionary Soviet Union and the
Second World War. An essential forty-year period in terms of political balance and
social development both in the Soviet Union and in the world is described through the
life of Doctor Zhivago.Throughout the narrative, Yuri Zhivago, a bourgeois intellectual, poet, writer, and
physician who lived through the times before and after the 1917 October Revolution, is
traumatized by the erasure of all values belonging to the Revolution he believed in, and
then, coming of a corrupted new system that follows. All these staggering
developments turn his life upside down. The multilayered plot of the film is based
mainly on love.
In the film, the reflections of events on the architectural space, especially the transition
process from bourgeois life to socialist life, are examined through space. Pre- and postrevolutionary events are explained by stunning spatial fiction.The director reflected almost all emotions through the space. The most important
lesson to be learned from this movie is the answer to the question of how to use
architectural phenomena or existing situations while expressing emotion in design. The
combination of emotions and architectural space is successfully reflected in the film
Doctor Zhivago. It can be said that this film has shown the ability of architecture to be
successfully assembled in a cinematic structure only at this level, transforming it into a
narrative element of dramatic structure.
The main instrument of the film, which constantly leans on the vitality of both the
Tsarist and Soviet eras, as a tribute and satirical, is often the architecture. However,
beyond that, Russia's extraordinary nature and idyllic environments, endless steppes,
and snow-covered countryside are used as elements of an epic narrative, reflecting a
different perception of space.&nbsp;<br>
The Man Who Fell to Earth
Authors: Akarsu Hikmet Temel 
Published: April 2024

The Man Who Fell on Earth, directed by Nicolas Roeg in 1976 and starring
David Bowie, is an influential dystopia film on emotional episodes. Although the
images seem to be about the world we live in, the story in its essence is based on aliens
characterized through sublimation. The plot is briefly as follows: Aliens belonging to a
planet that has exhausted the world they live in need water to survive. Leaving behind
the last few surviving family members, the alien figure Thomas Jerome Newton (David
Bowie) comes to Earth, a planet with plenty of water, to find a solution. His vehicle is
damaged during the descent and is unable to take off again.
Thomas Jerome Newton (David Bowie) in this, that is, our beautiful world with
abundant water, wonderful nature, and endless possibilities, tries to seem like a normal
person by camouflaging his real appearance and trying to find methods to send water to
his own planet in order to save his family as soon as possible. Using his alien
knowledge and technology, he obtains many patents and soon earns a large amount of
money, under the astonishing, greedy, and lustful gaze of his lawyers and advisors.
However, the wealth he gained unexpectedly in a short time and through successful
patents attracts the attention not only of the state but also of many other intriguing and
mischievous circles. Evil people who want to seize Thomas Jerome Newton's fortune
meanwhile destroy his chance to return to save his family as well.
A sustainable world and environment, green, organic architecture, environmentally
compatible buildings, conservation of natural water resources, energy-efficient
buildings, designs that consider carbon dioxide emissions, smart buildings, landscape,
etc. , are the concepts that have settled into the focal point of architecture and have
become significant after the 21st century. Although the movie “The Man Who Fell to
Earth” was produced in 1976, it owes its worth to the fact that it introduces an early
awareness of the agenda of this field in an indirect fashion.
The Use of Claustrophobic Spaces as a Cinematographic Tool: Panic Room-D. Fincher (2002)
Authors: Hale Kozlu H. 
Published: April 2024

The use of the art of cinematography in conveying the emotions desired to
be reflected on the audience in cinema films has an important role, especially in the
spatial arrangement and design of cinema spaces. While the spaces discussed in the
films are sometimes produced virtually, the spaces that exist/are built in real life are
either used directly or designed. These usage possibilities and contingencies allowed by
the technology of the period are also a facilitating tool for the emotions that are to be
conveyed to the audience within the scope of the film. In addition to different shooting
techniques, the arrangement of spatial data such as width, height, and light has been
frequently used in this emotion transfer. The space setups of the scenes where positive
emotions are to be reflected are often different from the space setups of the scenes
where negative emotions are handled. Creating a claustrophobic atmosphere by setting
up narrow, dark, closed spaces in some scenarios that are intended to be reflected in
emotions such as anxiety and fear is frequently encountered, especially in
thriller/horror movies.
Panic Room, one of the important movies in which the feeling of claustrophobia is
handled with different dimensions, primarily allows the audience to weigh their
feelings towards a closed space with the reflections of its name. It is disturbingly
reminiscent of the familiar problems of modern social psychology, with the help of the
word “panic”. Panic Room, directed by David Fincher in 2002, is a striking movie that
evokes feelings of tension, fear, excitement, and claustrophobia with its cinematic
space design and camera movements. In the movie, which is about a mother (Meg) and
her daughter (Sarah) struggling with thieves on their first night in their new home, the
building that is shown as the house where the events occurred is in New York
Manhattan Upper West Side. Exterior and interior shots, based on this building and the
street it is located on, were shot in spaces built in the studio environment. This study
aims to examine the spaces where the interior and exterior shots of the film are made
architecturally. The reflection of claustrophobic emotions, especially emphasized in the
interior shots, on cinematic techniques, and the processing of these emotions through
space are discussed.
Impacts of Telehealth Adoption on the Quality of Care for Individuals With Serious Mental Illness: Retrospective Observational Analysis of Veterans Affairs Administrative Data
Authors: Cummings Camilla , Raja Pushpa , Gabrielian Sonya , Doran Neal 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Telehealth implementation can be challenging for persons with serious mental illness (SMI), which may impact their quality of care and health outcomes. The literature on telehealth’s impacts on SMI care outcomes is mixed, necessitating further investigation.

Objective
We examined the impacts of facility-level telehealth adoption on quality of care metrics over time among patients with SMI.

Methods
We analyzed Veterans Affairs (VA) administrative data across 138 facilities from January 2021 to December 2022. We performed longitudinal mixed-effects regressions to identify the relationships between the proportion of facility-level telehealth visits and SMI specialty care quality metrics: engagement with primary care; access and continuity of care across a range of mental health services including psychotherapy or psychosocial rehabilitation, SMI-specific intensive outpatient programs, and intensive case management; and continuity of mental health care after a high-risk event (eg, suicide attempt).

Results
Facilities with a higher proportion of telehealth visits had reduced access and continuity of physical and mental health care for patients with SMI (P<.05). Higher telehealth adoption was associated with reduced primary care engagement (z=−4.04; P<.001), reduced access to and continuity in SMI-specific intensive case management (z=−4.49; P<.001; z=−3.15; P<.002), reductions in the continuity of care within psychotherapy and psychosocial rehabilitation (z=−3.74; P<.001), and continuity of care after a high-risk event (z=−2.46; P<.01). Telehealth uptake initially increased access to intensive outpatient but did not improve its continuity over time (z=−4.47; P<.001). Except for continuity within SMI-specific intensive case management (z=2.62; P<.009), continuity did not improve over time as telehealth became routinized.

Conclusions
Although telehealth helped preserve health care access during the pandemic, telehealth may have tradeoffs with regard to quality of care for some individuals with SMI. These data suggest that engagement strategies used by SMI-specific intensive case management may have preserved quality and could benefit other settings. Strategies that enhance telehealth implementation—selected through a health equity lens—may improve quality of care among patients with SMI.
HIV-infection in the Russian Federation: current diagnostic trends
Authors: Adgamov R. R. , Antonova A. A. , Ogarkova D. A. , Kuznetsova A. I. , Pochtovyi A. A. , Kleymenov D. A. , Kuznetsova N. A. , Siniavin A. E. , Kaminskiy G. D. , Tsyganova E. V. , Gushchin V. A. , Gintsburg A. L. , Mazus A. I. 
Published: April 2024

The aim of the study: to analyse diagnostic trends of HIV-infection in the Russian Federation in the period 2017–2022. Materials and methods. The study used data obtained from reports from the Federal Register of persons infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (FRHIV). The circumstances in HIV diagnosis and clinical and epidemiological characteristics of newly diagnosed patients, including CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts, were analysed. A likely time window between presumed infection and confirmation of HIV diagnosis was also determined. Categorical data evaluated in the study were presented as proportions and caparisoned using the chi-square test (χ2). In case of multiple comparisons, the Bonferroni correction for multiplicity was used. Quantitative data were tested for normality using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov criterion. In most cases, nonparametric characteristics of distributions — median and interquartile range — were applied, as well as the Mann-Whitney criteria for comparison of two independent groups and the Kraskell-Wallis criteria for comparison more than two groups, followed by pair wise comparisons using the Mann-Whitney criterion with Bonferroni multiplicity correction. A p-value<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Data analysis and graphical visualization was performed using the statistical software R version 4.1.1 and its libraries.Results and discussion. The results showed an increase in HIV detection through voluntary testing, preventive medical examination, and clinical indications. The proportion of injecting drug users (IDUs) decreased over time, while the involvement of women in the epidemic process and heterosexual transmission increased. Additionally, there was an increase in the proportion of patients aged 35 years and older. The analysis of CD4-cell counts revealed significant differences among gender and age subgroups. Women had higher absolute CD4-lymphocyte counts throughout the follow-up period. Patients aged 0–14 years had the highest proportion of CD4-lymphocytes over 500 cells/μL, while patients over 50 years old had the highest proportion of CD4-lymphocytes less than 200 cells/μL. Men who have sex with men and people infected through mother-to-child transmission had the highest mean baseline CD4-cell counts. IDUs and heterosexuals had a statistically significant decrease in CD4-cell counts over the follow-up period and also had the longest median time from infection to disease detection — 24 and 20 months, respectively.Conclusion: Thus, this study helps identify the most significant risk groups of HIV-infected individuals in Russia at present.
The main directions of prevention of occupational infection viral hepatitis with a contact transmission mechanism in hospitals in Saint-Petersburg
Authors: Daryina M. G. , Zahvatova A. S. , Sarana A. M. , Vasiliev K. D. , Ivanova T. G. , Molchanovskaya M. A. , Kolosovskaya E. N. , Belova L. V. 
Published: April 2024

The high level of hepatitis B and C infection in the modern period in the general population increases the frequency of contact of hospital specialists with patients with this infectious pathology. A significant concentration of infection sources in medical organizations and violations in the implementation of disinfection and sterilization algorithms and requirements for hand hygiene of medical workers create conditions for the nosocomial spread of viral hepatitis pathogens with a contact transmission echanism.The aim. Substantiation of the main directions of prevention of occupational infection viral hepatitis with a contact transmission mechanism in hospitals of Saint Petersburg.Materials and methods. A retrospective epidemiological analysis of the annual reports of Saint-Petersburg hospitals was carried out, which contain information on the number of new cases chronic forms of viral hepatitis among specialists of medical organizations and on the number personnel under dispensary supervision for these infectious diseases, as well as on the number of injuries received by hospital staff while performing functional duties, as well as vaccination coverage against viral hepatitis B, measles and diphtheria for the period from 2009 to 2022. The assessment of the equipment of megapolis healthcare institutions modern washing-disinfecting and sterilization equipment was also carried out.Results and discussion. The realization of the possibility of infecting hospital specialists viral hepatitis with a contact transmission mechanism is predetermined by the high concentration of patients with this pathology in healthcare institutions; the presence of occupational injuries during the implementation of medical and diagnostic procedures and disinfection and sterilization measures.Conclusion. A set of measures for early detection of sources of infections with a contact transmission mechanism among patients and staff; disinfection of medical devices using modern disinfection and sterilization equipment; revaccination against hepatitis B and equipping workplaces of specialists with personal protective equipment in full remains relevant for the prevention of occupational infection of medical workers.
The Legal and Normative Framework of International Activities of Subnational Parliaments: a Case of St. Petersburg Parliament
Authors: Savelchev L.  A. 
Published: April 2024

Purpose. The article engages in a comprehensive analysis of the legal and normative foundations of international activities of the Russian sub-state regions with an emphasis on regional parliaments.Methods. In order to compile the study, the author draws upon a case-oriented research design and engages in two approaches namely comparative and political-legal. The case of the study is St. Petersburg, a Russian region, and its supreme legislative body namely the Legislative Assembly of Saint Petersburg.Results. The author has defined the general normative-legal foundations of the international activity of the Russian regions, outlined the general normative-legal foundations of the international activity of the legislative authorities of the Russian regions and analysed the normative-legal foundations of the international activity of the representative authority of the Russian regions and their proportion with the executive branch of power in the case of the Legislative Assembly of St. Petersburg and the system of executive authorities of St. Petersburg. In addition, the author outlined the problems of legal regulation of international activities of Russian regions.Conclusions. Firstly, in terms of legal basis, the regions of the Russian Federation have a limited range of freedom in the sphere of international relations, consisting in the maintenance of cultural and economic ties, and the international activity of the regions itself is under the control of the federal authorities. Secondly, the federal legislation of Russia contains legal uncertainties regarding the interpretation of concepts and the definition of specific mechanisms and forms of international activities of the regions. Thirdly, federal legislation, while not defining the clear competences of regional parliaments, provides the Russian regions to independently determine the specific powers of their authorities within the framework of federal and regional legislation. Fourthly, the competences of international activities of the Legislative Assembly of St. Petersburg are limited to the status-value, normative-recommendary and advisory-expert nature. Fifthly, the structure of the powers of public authorities in St. Petersburg shows a prevalence in the powers of international activities between the legislative and executive authorities in favour of the second one
Desain dan Analisis PID Controller Menggunakan Metode Genetic Algorithm pada Boost Converter Tipe CCM
Authors: Dewi Ayu Kusuma , Dyah Lestari  , Muhammad Afnan Habibi  
Published: April 2024

Boost converter merupakan DC-DC Converter yang berfungsi untuk menaikkan tegangan. Namun untuk menghasilkan tegangan keluaran yang stabil dan sesuai dengan nilai yang diinginkan diperlukan suatu controller, salah satunya PID controller. Apabila penentuan konstanta PID tepat, maka akan didapatkan respon tegangan yang memiliki settling time cepat serta mampu menghilangkan overshoot. Namun, tuning PID controller menggunakan metode konvensional kurang optimal jika digunakan untuk sistem nonlinear dan memiliki orde tinggi. Penelitian yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk mendesain dan menganalisis PID controller menggunakan metode genetic algorithm yang diterapkan pada boost converter. Tahapan dalam penelitian ini yaitu, (1) studi literatur; (2) desain open loop boost converter; (3) analisis perhitungan boost converter; (4) tuning PID controller menggunakan metode genetic algorithm dan ziegler nichols; (5) simulasi desain rangkaian; (6) membandingkan respon tegangan output antara metode genetic algorithm dan ziegler nichols; (7) analisis hasil simulasi. Proses pembuatan desain boost converter tipe CCM dilakukan dengan menggunakan bantuan software MATLAB/SIMULINK. Perbandingan dilakukan berdasarkan nilai overshoot dan settling time yang dihasilkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai overshoot yang dihasilkan oleh boost converter tanpa. PID controller adalah 55,7% dengan settling time 0,0767s. Overshoot paling kecil dari metode genetic algorithm adalah 0%, sedangkan settling time paling singkat adalah 0,000294s. Overshoot yang dihasilkan metode ziegler nichols adalah 3,35% dengan settling time 0,1302s. PID controller dapat memperbaiki overshoot serta settling time pada respon tegangan output boost converter tipe CCM. Penggunaan genetic algorithm dalam proses tuning PID controller mampu memberikan overshoot yang lebih kecil dan settling time yang lebih singkat jika dibandingkan dengan metode ziegler nichols.
Sistem Pengontrol Suhu CNC Laser Cutting 40W dengan Modul TEC1-12706
Authors: Rohmatulloh Abidin , Kusban Muhammad 
Published: April 2024

Pengontrolan suhu pada tabung laser CO2 sangat penting untuk menjaga kinerja tabung laser. Tabung laser sendiri menghasilkan energi berupa cahaya dan panas. Energi panas ini jika tidak dikendalikan akan berpotensi merusak tabung laser. Adanya sistem pengontrol suhu menggunakan modul TEC1-12706 sangat bermanfaat untuk menjaga kinerja laser. Modul ini termasuk dalam thermoelectric yang mampu merubah energi listrik menjadi energi panas atau dingin dan juga sebaliknya. Penggunaan modul TECI-12706 termasuk ramah lingkungan karena tidak memakai Freon sebagai bahan utamanya. Proses yang dilakukan yaitu mensirkulasikan air dari tabung menuju peltier untuk didinginkan dan dibawa lagi menuju tabung. Proses ini menggunakan dua sensor yaitu sensor suhu dan sensor waterflow. Kriteria yang harus dipenuhi yaitu suhu tidak boleh kurang dari 25 derajat celcius atau melebihi 35 derajat celcius. Selain itu, volume air yang mengalir juga tidak boleh kurang dari 20 liter per menit. Hasil percobaan sistem pengontrol suhu menggunakan peltier TEC1-12706 mampu menurunkan suhu saat laser sedang running dengan cara mendinginkan air sirkulasi pada tabung laser.
THE CORRELATION PECULIARITIES OF INTELLIGENCE AND WILL-POWER OF A PERSSON IN DIFFERENT STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT
Authors: AVAGYAN ANI 
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the article is to reveal the characteristics of the correlation between intelligence and willpower at different stages of personality development. In the article the author reviews the specifics between intellect and will-power of the three stages of person's development. It is mentioned that connections with different level of expression have revealed between intellect and will-power. Based on those, the author makes conclusion that intellect and will-power are factors of hard connections.
Intelligence has been found to have a regulatory function in a person's willpower. At different stages of a person's development, depending on the problems at the given stage, willpower becomes more relevant, and the regulatory function of the intellect in relation to the actualized properties increases.