bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cognitive‐behavioral therapy of delusions: mental imagery within a goal‐directed framework
Authors: Serruya Gail , Grant Paul 
Published: July 2009

AbstractCentral to psychotic disorders, delusions are associated with disability and often respond inadequately to pharmacotherapy. Cognitive‐behavioral treatments have been developed over the last 20 years that successfully address delusions. However, meta‐analyses suggest only a modest improvement in psychotic symptoms. Because delusions share considerable overlap with anxiety, adapting principles and techniques that have demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of anxiety disorders might improve the impact of cognitive‐behavioral treatment of delusions. We report a case illustrating a cognitive‐behavioral approach to delusions with an emphasis on mental imagery techniques. A 25‐year‐old male diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia whose clinical presentation was dominated by paranoid delusions received 6 months of treatment. At the end of the follow‐up period, the patient's delusions were minimal and his negative symptoms had significantly improved. Mental imagery may be an important treatment tool for delusions. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol: In Session 65:1–12, 2009.
Organisational channel discrepancies between CVBs and meeting planners in the USA
Authors: Kim Dae‐Young , Lehto Xinran Y. , Kline Sheryl F. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe purpose of the study is to compare the perception of advertising and communication channels between convention and visitor bureaus (CVBs) and meeting planners in the USA. By employing 245 of CVBs and 226 meeting planners through an online survey method, the results of the study reveal clear channel discrepancies between CVBs and meeting planners in terms of preference, attitude and usage of communication and advertising channels. In addition, the study identifies different linkages between advertising channels and advertising effects in the two different groups. Implications for industry practitioners as well as suggestions for future study are discussed. Copyright © John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Influence of age and gender on dose and effectiveness of botulinum toxin for laryngeal dystonia
Authors: Vasconcelos Silvio , Bırkent Hakan , Sardesaı Maya G. , Meratı Albert L. , Hıllel Allen D. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To evaluate the influence of age and gender on the required dose and resulting efficacy of botulinum toxin injection for adductor laryngeal dystonia.Design:Retrospective chart review.Methods:All patients treated with botulinum toxin for laryngeal dystonia at the University of Washington Medical Center between 1991 and 2008 were identified from a large clinical database. Only patients undergoing thyroarytenoid muscle injection for adductor laryngeal dystonia were included in this study. Each patient's gender, age at treatment, stable dose of botulinum toxin, and patient‐reported duration of beneficial effect was recorded.Results:A total of 155 patients (50 males, 105 females) were identified, with average ages of 50.6 years for men and 54.4 years for women. The mean treatment doses of botulinum toxin were 1.85 ± 0.84 U for males and 2.15 ± 1.40 U for females. The associated mean durations of beneficial effect were 12.8 ± 7.7 weeks for males and 13.9 ± 7.3 weeks for females. Neither the difference in dose nor in duration was found to be statistically significant (P = .395 and P = .511, respectively). When analyzed by age, the mean doses of botulinum toxin were 1.87 ± 1.00 U for patients younger than 50 years and 2.20 ± 1.41 U for the older group. The associated mean durations of beneficial effect were 13.7 ± 7.4 weeks for the younger group and 13.5 ± 7.4 weeks for the older group. Again, neither difference was found to be statistically significant (P = .113 and P = .730, respectively).Conclusions:Dosage and duration of beneficial effect of botulinum toxin in treatment of adductor laryngeal dystonia do not appear to vary with age or gender. Laryngoscope, 2009
Liver‐derived extracellular matrix as a biologic scaffold for acute vocal fold repair in a canine model
Authors: Gilbert Thomas W. , Agrawal Vineet , Gilbert Mark R. , Povirk Katherine M. , Badylak Stephen F. , Rosen Clark A. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:The objective of the study was to evaluate a naturally derived liver extracellular matrix (L‐ECM) scaffold for repair of an acute injury to the vocal fold lamina propria in a canine model.Methods:The vocal fold lamina propria was removed bilaterally in four dogs. One vocal fold in each dog was repaired with a porcine L‐ECM scaffold, which was chosen because it contains hepatocyte growth factor, an antifibrotic growth factor that aids the healing of vocal folds. The other vocal fold was left untreated. At 3 months after surgery, morphologic and histologic analysis was performed to assess the vocal fold shape, collagen density, collagen composition, elastic fiber content, and glycosaminoglycan content.Results:The L‐ECM–treated vocal fold showed increased collagen density in the superficial aspect of the vocal fold (P < .05). The L‐ECM–treated vocal fold also showed an increased collagen III/I ratio as compared to the nontreated group (P < .05). However, the elastic fiber content was found to be increased in both groups, and the glycosaminoglycan content was decreased in both groups as compared to the normal vocal fold (P < .05) with no differences detected between groups.Conclusions:The L‐ECM scaffold did not restore the biochemical composition or histologic appearance of the injured vocal fold as compared to normal. However, the increased ratio of collagen III/I and elastic fiber content suggests that L‐ECM leads to formation of connective tissue that may be more pliable as compared to no treatment. Additional investigation, including functional assessment, is warranted. Laryngoscope, 2009
Culture of nasal epithelial cells using chitosan‐based membranes
Authors: Huang Tsung‐Wei , Young Yi‐Ho , Cheng Po‐Wen , Chan Yen‐Hui , Young Tai‐Horng 
Published: July 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:The aim of this study was to evaluate whether chitosan‐based membranes can be used as scaffolds for growth and differentiation of nasal epithelial cells (NECs). Our final goal was to establish a novel methodology for enhancing the regeneration of the respiratory system.Study Design:Prospective study.Methods:Human NECs were cultured on three various substrates, e.g., chitosan membranes, collagen, and chitosan‐collagen membranes. Morphology of NECs was examined via light and electron microscopy, the area of ciliated cells was measured by confocal microscopy, and ciliary beat frequency was also evaluated. Expression of mucin genes was investigated with reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction.Results:NECs were found to be successfully adhesive with collagen and chitosan‐collagen membranes at day 3 after seeding, but not with chitosan membranes. The cilia area on collagen were 6.1% ± 1.2%, 8.4% ± 1.4%, and 12.5% ± 1.9% at days 7, 14, and 21 after confluence, respectively, compared with 5.1% ± 0.9%, 8.6% ± 1.6%, and 12.3% ± 2.1% in chitosan‐collagen membranes, exhibited nonsignificant difference (P > .05). There were no significant differences in ciliary beat frequency between each group. The expression levels of mucin genes, namely, MUC5AC, MUC5B, and MUC2, in NECs on both collagen and chitosan‐collagen membranes did not differ significantly (P > .05).Conclusions:A small amount collagen mixed with chitosan substrate may improve the biocompatibility and promote the mucociliary differentiation in NECs. It appears that chitosan‐collagen membrane is a promising scaffold for culture of the nasal epithelium, which sets the stage for studying tissue regeneration in the respiratory system. Laryngoscope, 2009
Thermoresponsive, Hydrolytically Degradable Polymer Micelles Intended for Radionuclide Delivery
Authors: Hruby Martin , Konak Cestmir , Kucka Jan , Vetrik Miroslav , Filippov Sergey K. , Vetvicka David , Mackova Hana , Karlsson Goran , Edwards Katarina , Rihova Blanka , Ulbrich Karel 
Published: July 2009

AbstractNovel polymer micelles, prepared by self‐assembling thermoresponsive poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide)‐graft‐poly[N‐(2‐hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide] copolymers with hydrolytically degradable N‐glycosylamine groups between the polymer blocks are proposed for delivery of diagnostic and therapeutic radionuclides into solid tumors. The micelles are formed by fast heating of an aqueous solution of the copolymer to 37 °C. They have a hydrodynamic diameter of 128 nm (measured using dynamic light scattering) and slowly degrade during incubation in aqueous buffer at pH = 7.4. Labeling with both 131I and 90Y proceeds with high yields (>85%). The unlabeled polymers are not cytotoxic for any of the tested murine and human cell lines.magnified image
A coupled molecular dynamics and extended finite element method for dynamic crack propagation
Authors: Aubertin Pascal , Réthoré Julien , de Borst René 
Published: July 2009

AbstractA multiscale method is presented which couples a molecular dynamics approach for describing fracture at the crack tip with an extended finite element method for discretizing the remainder of the domain. After recalling the basic equations of molecular dynamics and continuum mechanics, the discretization is discussed for the continuum subdomain where the partition‐of‐unity property of finite element shape functions is used, since in this fashion the crack in the wake of its tip is naturally modelled as a traction‐free discontinuity. Next, the zonal coupling method between the atomistic and continuum models is recapitulated. Finally, it is discussed how the stress has been computed in the atomic subdomain, and a two‐dimensional computation is presented of dynamic fracture using the coupled model. The result shows multiple branching, which is reminiscent of recent results from simulations on dynamic fracture using cohesive‐zone models. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Studies on NO releasing from PCU grafted with endogenous NO donors
Authors: Guo Jin Tang , Ye Ya Qin , Feng Ya Kai , Zhao Hai Yang 
Published: July 2009

AbstractFilms of PCUs grafted with L‐nitrosocysteine (L‐CySNO) were successfully prepared in the presence of 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES). The final products (L‐CySNO‐grafted PCU) were characterized with ATR‐FTIR, SEM, XPS, and tensile strength measurement. Tensile strength of the L‐CySNO‐grafted PCU was decreased compared to that of non‐grafted PCU. In vitro NO release from the produced films was obtained by using ascorbic acid (Vc) as reducing agent, and the velocity of the released NO was measured by the Griess assay. The effects of temperature, molecular weight of polycarbonate diols (PCN), and thickness of the films on in vitro NO release were investigated in detail. It was found that with the increase of temperature, the velocity of NO release increased, whereas with the increase of molecular weight of polycarbonate diols, the velocity decreased. However, thickness of PCU films has no effect on NO release. The results of cytotoxicity test and hemolytic test indicate that blood compatibility and biocompatibility of the grafted PCU are better than those of the synthesized PCU. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Initial testing (stage 1) of the kinesin spindle protein inhibitor ispinesib by the pediatric preclinical testing program
Authors: Carol Hernan , Lock Richard , Houghton Peter J. , Morton Christopher L. , Kolb E. Anders , Gorlick Richard , Reynolds C. Patrick , Maris John M. , Keir Stephen T. , Billups Catherine A. , Smith Malcolm A. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBackgroundIspinesib is a highly specific inhibitor of kinesin spindle protein (KSP, HsEg5), a mitotic kinesin required for separation of the spindle poles. Here we report the activity of ispinesib against the in vitro and in vivo panels of the Pediatric Preclinical Testing Program (PPTP).ProceduresIspinesib was tested against the PPTP in vitro panel cell lines at concentrations from 0.1 nM to 1 µM and against the in vivo tumor panel xenografts by intraperitoneal administration (5 or 10 mg/kg) every 4 days for 3 doses repeated at day 21.ResultsIspinesib was highly potent against the PPTP's in vitro cell lines with a median IC50 of 4.1 nM. Ispinesib (10 mg/kg) induced unexplained toxicity in mice bearing osteosarcoma xenografts and exceeded the MTD in 12 of 40 non‐osteosarcoma xenografts. Ispinesib induced significant tumor growth delay in 88% (23/26) of evaluable xenografts. Using a time to event measure of efficacy, ispinesib had intermediate and high levels of activity against 4 (21%) and 5 (26%) of the 19 evaluable solid tumor xenografts, respectively. Ispinesib induced maintained complete responses (CR) in a rhabdoid tumor, a Wilms tumor and a Ewing sarcoma xenograft. Ispinesib (5 mg/kg) produced 2 complete and 2 partial responses among 6 evaluable xenografts in the ALL panel. The in vivo pattern of activity was distinctive from that previously reported for vincristine.ConclusionsIspinesib demonstrated broad in vivo antitumor activity, including maintained complete responses for several xenografts, although with high toxicity rates at the doses studied. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009; 53:1255–1263. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Tumore unter schwerem Beschuss. Krebstherapie mit Ionen in der klinischen Anwendung
Authors: Kraft Gerhard 
Published: June 2009

AbstractDie Schwerionen‐Tumortherapie erreicht eine Millimeterpräzision überall im menschlichen Körper und eine erhebliche biologische Wirkungssteigerung im Tumor verglichen mit der Belastung des Normalgewebes. Damit ist es vor allem möglich, bisher strahlenresistente Tumoren erfolgreich zu therapieren. Auf Grund der sehr guten Erfolge des Pilotprojektes an der GSI sind allein in Deutschland drei klinische Therapiezentren im Aufbau, an denen mehrere tausend Patienten pro Jahr behandelt werden sollen. Damit ist der Ionentherapie der Sprung von der technischen Grundlagenforschung in die Kliniken gelungen.
Schalten mit Licht und Strom. Phasenwechsel‐Materialien als universale Speichermedien
Authors: Welnic Wojciech , Wuttig Matthias 
Published: June 2009

AbstractPhasenwechsel‐Materialien besitzen in der amorphen Phase signifikant andere optische und elektrische Eigenschaften als in der kristallinen. Dieser starke Kontrast beider Phasen ermöglicht das sichere Lesen von digitaler Information, selbst wenn die Bits sehr dicht gepackt sind. Zudem lassen sich Phasenwechsel‐Materialien durch kurzes, lokales Erhitzen per Laser‐ oder Strompuls in weniger als zehn Nanosekunden von einer Phase in die andere umschalten. Als nichtflüchtige elektronische Datenspeicher könnten sie in Zukunft die schnellen, aber vergesslichen DRAM‐Chips heutiger Computer ersetzen. Als optische Speicher sind sie in wiederbeschreibbaren CDs, DVDs und Blu‐Ray‐Disks etabliert. Phasenwechsel‐Materialien sind zudem für die Grundlagenforschung hoch interessant.
Mit dem Wind gegen den Wind. Das Windfahrzeug InVentus Ventomobil
Authors: Lehmann Jan , Kühn Martin 
Published: June 2009

AbstractBeim ersten internationalen Windmobil‐Rennen Aeolus Race in den Niederlanden im Herbst 2008 traten sechs Fahrzeuge gegeneinander an. Sie demonstrierten, dass sie direkt gegen den Wind fahren konnten, ohne zu kreuzen. Das ermöglicht der Einsatz von Rotoren statt Segeln. Das InVentus Ventomobil der Universität Stuttgart gewann, da die Studierenden kreativ und engagiert das theoretische Wissen aus Vorlesungen in die Praxis umsetzten. Konsequente aerodynamische Auslegung des Rotors, Einsatz von modernstem Leichtbau, umfangreiche Tests und etwas Glück führten zum Erfolg.
Zeit für eine neue Lichtquelle
Authors: Reineke Sebastian , Lüssem Björn , Leo Karl 
Published: June 2009

AbstractWeiße organische Leuchtdioden (OLED) für Beleuchtungszwecke werden seit etwa 15 Jahren intensiv erforscht. Damit sich diese Technologie als wirkliche Alternative etablieren kann, gilt es seither, die Effizienz und Lebensdauer drastisch zu steigern. Kürzlich ist es unserer Gruppe an der TU Dresden gelungen, mit weißen OLED die Leistungseffizienz von Leuchtstoffröhren zu übertreffen.
Strommessung an einzelnen molekularen Drähten
Authors: Lafferentz Leif , Grill Leonhard 
Published: June 2009

AbstractMolekulare “Drähte” aus einem einzigen linearen Molekül besitzen ein enormes Potenzial für zukünftige Anwendungen in der Nanotechnologie. Dabei stellt der Ladungstransport ein entscheidendes Kriterium für ihre Verwendung in dieser molekularen Elektronik dar. Unserer Gruppe an der Freien Universität Berlin ist es erstmals gelungen, einen einzelnen molekularen Draht von einer Oberfläche hochzuziehen und den dabei durch den Draht fließenden Strom in Abhängigkeit von der Länge zu messen. Dies liefert ein tieferes Verständnis der elektrischen, aber auch der mechanischen Eigenschaften solcher molekularen Drähte.
Moleküle aus Rydberg‐Atomen
Authors: Butscher Björn , Bendkowsky Vera , Pfau Tilman 
Published: June 2009

AbstractDie Eigenschaften und Wirkungsmechanismen der wichtigsten chemischen Bindungstypen wie kovalent oder ionisch sind seit langem bekannt. Unserer Gruppe an der Universität Stuttgart gelang es kürzlich erstmals, ein Molekül aus zwei Rubidiumatomen zu erzeugen, das mit 100 nm nicht nur außergewöhnlich groß ist, sondern darüber hinaus von einem neuartigen Bindungsmechanismus zusammengehalten wird.
Spuren im Staub
Authors: Heering Peter 
Published: June 2009

AbstractGeorg Christoph Lichtenberg ist den meisten Menschen heute wegen seiner Aphorismen bekannt. Zu seinen Lebzeiten war er dagegen in seiner Rolle als Professor für Experimentalphysik an der Universität Göttingen berühmt. Dieser Ruhm gründete sich ganz wesentlich auf seine sehr populären Experimentalvorlesungen. Aber ihm gelang zumindest eine Entdeckung, die seinen Namen auch heute noch in Physiklehrbüchern vorkommen lässt: die Lichtenbergschen Staubfiguren.
Das Sehen der Polarisation
Authors: Schlichting H. Joachim 
Published: June 2009

AbstractWenn der Blick in den blauen Himmel ein gelbes Büschel sichtbar werden lässt, so muss es kein Augenfehler oder Einbildung sein. Es kann sich um ein Phänomen handeln, in dem das Polarisationssehen des Menschen zum Ausdruck kommt.
Protein composition of oil bodies from mature Brassica napus seeds
Authors: Jolivet Pascale , Boulard Céline , Bellamy Annick , Larré Colette , Barre Marion , Rogniaux Hélène , d'Andréa Sabine , Chardot Thierry , Nesi Nathalie 
Published: June 2009

AbstractSeed oil bodies (OBs) are intracellular particles storing lipids as food or biofuel reserves in oleaginous plants. Since Brassica napus OBs could be easily contaminated with protein bodies and/or myrosin cells, they must be purified step by step using floatation technique in order to remove non‐specifically trapped proteins. An exhaustive description of the protein composition of rapeseed OBs from two double‐zero varieties was achieved by a combination of proteomic and genomic tools. Genomic analysis led to the identification of sequences coding for major seed oil body proteins, including 19 oleosins, 5 steroleosins and 9 caleosins. Most of these proteins were also identified through proteomic analysis and displayed a high level of sequence conservation with their Arabidopsis thaliana counterparts. Two rapeseed oleosin orthologs appeared acetylated on their N‐terminal alanine residue and both caleosins and steroleosins displayed a low level of phosphorylation.
A proteomics study of barley powdery mildew haustoria
Authors: Godfrey Dale , Zhang Ziguo , Saalbach Gerhard , Thordal‐Christensen Hans 
Published: June 2009

AbstractA number of fungal and oomycete plant pathogens of major economic importance feed on their hosts by means of haustoria, which they place inside living plant cells. The underlying mechanisms are poorly understood, partly due to difficulty in preparing haustoria. We have therefore developed a procedure for isolating haustoria from the barley powdery mildew fungus (Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei, Bgh). We subsequently aimed to understand the molecular mechanisms of haustoria through a study of their proteome. Extracted proteins were digested using trypsin, separated by LC, and analysed by MS/MS. Searches of a custom Bgh EST sequence database and the NCBI‐NR fungal protein database, using the MS/MS data, identified 204 haustoria proteins. The majority of the proteins appear to have roles in protein metabolic pathways and biological energy production. Surprisingly, pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC), involved in alcoholic fermentation and commonly abundant in fungi and plants, was absent in our Bgh proteome data set. A sequence encoding this enzyme was also absent in our EST sequence database. Significantly, BLAST searches of the recently available Bgh genome sequence data also failed to identify a sequence encoding this enzyme, strongly indicating that Bgh does not have a gene for PDC.
Attenuation of inflammation and cellular stress‐related pathways maintains insulin sensitivity in obese type I interleukin‐1 receptor knockout mice on a high‐fat diet
Authors: de Roos Baukje , Rungapamestry Vanessa , Ross Karen , Rucklidge Garry , Reid Martin , Duncan Gary , Horgan Graham , Toomey Sinead , Browne John , Loscher Christine E. , Mills Kingston H. G. , Roche Helen M. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe development of insulin resistance in the obese is associated with chronic, low‐grade inflammation. We aimed to identify novel links between obesity, insulin resistance and the inflammatory response by comparing C57BL/6 with type I interleukin‐1 receptor knockout (IL‐1RI−/−) mice, which are protected against diet‐induced insulin resistance. Mice were fed a high‐fat diet for 16 wk. Insulin sensitivity was measured and proteomic analysis was performed on adipose, hepatic and skeletal muscle tissues. Despite an equal weight gain, IL‐1RI−/− mice had lower plasma glucose, insulin and triacylglycerol concentrations, compared with controls, following dietary treatment. The higher insulin sensitivity in IL‐1RI−/− mice was associated with down‐regulation of antioxidant proteins and proteasomes in adipose tissue and hepatic soluble epoxide hydrolase, consistent with a compromised inflammatory response as well as increased glycolysis and decreased fatty acid β‐oxidation in their muscle. Their lower hepatic triacylglycerol concentrations may reflect decreased flux of free fatty acids to the liver, decreased hepatic fatty acid‐binding protein expression and decreased lipogenesis. Correlation analysis revealed down‐regulation of classical biomarkers of ER stress in their adipose tissue, suggesting that disruption of the IL‐1RI‐mediated inflammatory response may attenuate cellular stress, which was associated with significant protection from diet‐induced insulin resistance, independent of obesity.