bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seasonal inflow of warm water onto the southern Weddell Sea continental shelf, Antarctica
Authors: Årthun Marius , Nicholls Keith W. , Makinson Keith , Fedak Michael A. , Boehme Lars 
Published: August 2012

To capture the austral summer to winter transition in water mass properties over the southern Weddell Sea continental shelf and slope region, 19 Weddell seals were tagged with miniaturized conductivity–temperature–depth sensors in February 2011. During the following 8 months the instruments yielded about 9000 temperature–salinity profiles from a previously undersampled area. This allows, for the first time, a description of the seasonality of warm water intrusions onto the shelf, as well as its southward extent towards the Filchner Ice Shelf. A temperature section across the Filchner Depression and eastern shelf shows a pronounced decrease in warm water inflow from summer to winter, further supported by an almost 3–year long time series from a shelf–break mooring. The seasonal variability is related to the surface wind stress and an associated deepening of the off‐shelf core of Warm Deep Water.
Determination of the Earth's pole tide Love number k2 from observations of polar motion using an adaptive Kalman filter approach
Authors: Seitz F. , Kirschner S. , Neubersch D. 
Published: August 2012

The geophysical interpretation of observed time series of Earth rotation parameters (ERP) is commonly based on numerical models that describe and balance variations of angular momentum in various subsystems of the Earth. Naturally, models are dependent on geometrical, rheological and physical parameters. Many of these are weakly determined from other models or observations. In our study we present an adaptive Kalman filter approach for the improvement of parameters of the dynamic Earth system model DyMEG which acts as a simulator of ERP. In particular we focus on the improvement of the pole tide Love number k2. In the frame of a sensitivity analysis k2 has been identified as one of the most crucial parameters of DyMEG since it directly influences the modeled Chandler oscillation. At the same time k2 is one of the most uncertain parameters in the model. Our simulations with DyMEG cover a period of 60 years after which a steady state of k2 is reached. The estimate for k2, accounting for the anelastic response of the Earth's mantle and the ocean, is 0.3531 + 0.0030i. We demonstrate that the application of the improved parameter k2 in DyMEG leads to significantly better results for polar motion than the original value taken from the Conventions of the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service (IERS).
Hsp90 rescues PTK6 from proteasomal degradation in breast cancer cells
Authors: Kang Shin-Ae , Cho Hyun-Soo , Yoon Jong Bok , Chung In Kwon , Lee Seung-Taek 
Published: August 2012

PTK6 [protein tyrosine kinase 6; also known as Brk (breast tumour kinase)] is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase, closely related to Src, but evolutionarily distinct, that is up-regulated in various cancers, including breast cancer. Hsp90 (heat-shock protein 90) was identified as a PTK6-interacting protein in HEK (human embryonic kidney)-293 cells overexpressing PTK6. Hsp90 interacted with the PTK6 tyrosine kinase catalytic domain, but catalytic activity was not required for the interaction. Geldanamycin, an Hsp90 inhibitor, significantly decreased the PTK6 protein level through proteasome-dependent degradation, but did not affect the level of Src. Geldanamycin treatment also decreased phosphorylation of PTK6 substrates due to reduced amounts of PTK6. Moreover, overexpression of CHIP [C-terminus of Hsc70 (heat-shock cognate 70)-interacting protein], a chaperone-dependent E3 ligase, enhanced proteosomal degradation of PTK6. Geldanamycin increased the interaction of PTK6 with CHIP, but decreased the interaction of PTK6 with Hsp90. We also found that endogenous PTK6 associated with Hsp90 and geldanamycin decreased expression of endogenous PTK6 in breast carcinoma cells. Finally, we report that silencing endogenous CHIP expression in breast carcinoma cells inhibited geldanamycin-induced PTK6 reduction. These results demonstrate that Hsp90 plays an essential role in regulating PTK6 stability and suggest that Hsp90 inhibitors may be useful as therapeutic drugs for PTK6-positive cancers, including breast cancer.
Frequency multiplexed superconducting quantum interference device readout of large bolometer arrays for cosmic microwave background measurements
Authors: Dobbs M. A. , Lueker M. , Aird K. A. , Bender A. N. , Benson B. A. , Bleem L. E. , Carlstrom J. E. , Chang C. L. , Cho H.-M. , Clarke J. , Crawford T. M. , Crites A. T. , Flanigan D. I. , de Haan T. , George E. M. , Halverson N. W. , Holzapfel W. L. , Hrubes J. D. , Johnson B. R. , Joseph J. , Keisler R. , Kennedy J. , Kermish Z. , Lanting T. M. , Lee A. T. , Leitch E. M. , Luong-Van D. , McMahon J. J. , Mehl J. , Meyer S. S. , Montroy T. E. , Padin S. , Plagge T. , Pryke C. , Richards P. L. , Ruhl J. E. , Schaffer K. K. , Schwan D. , Shirokoff E. , Spieler H. G. , Staniszewski Z. , Stark A. A. , Vanderlinde K. , Vieira J. D. , Vu C. , Westbrook B. , Williamson R. 
Published: August 2012

A technological milestone for experiments employing transition edge sensor bolometers operating at sub-Kelvin temperature is the deployment of detector arrays with 100s–1000s of bolometers. One key technology for such arrays is readout multiplexing: the ability to read out many sensors simultaneously on the same set of wires. This paper describes a frequency-domain multiplexed readout system which has been developed for and deployed on the APEX-SZ and South Pole Telescope millimeter wavelength receivers. In this system, the detector array is divided into modules of seven detectors, and each bolometer within the module is biased with a unique ∼MHz sinusoidal carrier such that the individual bolometer signals are well separated in frequency space. The currents from all bolometers in a module are summed together and pre-amplified with superconducting quantum interference devices operating at 4 K. Room temperature electronics demodulate the carriers to recover the bolometer signals, which are digitized separately and stored to disk. This readout system contributes little noise relative to the detectors themselves, is remarkably insensitive to unwanted microphonic excitations, and provides a technology pathway to multiplexing larger numbers of sensors.
Using Boat Electrofishing to Estimate the Abundance of Invasive Common Carp in Small Midwestern Lakes
Authors: Bajer Przemyslaw G. , Sorensen Peter W. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
The common carp Cyprinus carpio is among the most invasive fish worldwide, but practical methods for estimating its abundance have not yet been developed. Particularly needed are methods that can accurately assess low densities of common carp to enact proactive management strategies before populations reach damaging levels. In this study we tested whether the density of adult common carp in small Minnesota lakes could be accurately predicted from their catch rates using boat electrofishing. We used mark and recapture to estimate the abundance of common carp in eight Midwestern lakes with a wide range of common carp densities (13–400 carp/ha), while also surveying each lake using boat electrofishing. In addition, we reduced common carp abundance by up to 90% in two lakes to test whether this was accompanied by a similar drop in electrofishing catch rates. A regression analysis showed that electrofishing catch rates increased linearly with increasing densities of common carp. A cross-validation procedure showed that boat electrofishing can accurately estimate common carp densities; however, we observed a tendency to overestimate low densities and underestimate high densities. Our results suggest that electrofishing surveys can be routinely employed to estimate common carp densities in small lakes.
Received December 13, 2011; accepted April 26, 2012
Experimental observation of ion heating by mode-converted ion Bernstein waves in tokamak plasmas
Authors: Zhang X.J. , Zhao Y.P. , Wan B.N. , Gong X.Z. , Lin Y. , Zhang W.Y. , Mao Y.Z. , Qin C.M. , Yuan S. , Deng X. , Wang L. , Ju S.Q. , Chen Y. , Li Y.D. , Li J.G. , Noterdaeme J.M. , Wukitch S.J. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
We report the experimental observation of ion heating by the mode-converted ion Bernstein waves (MC IBWs) in tokamak plasmas. The MC IBW is created from the fast waves launched from the high-field-side antenna in the HT-7 tokamak in plasmas consisting of deuterium majority, hydrogen minority and 7Li ions. Experimental evidence and numerical simulation show that the interaction between the MC IBW and 7Li ions at the first ion-cyclotron harmonic resonance of 7Li (i.e. ω = 2ΩLi-7) is the main mechanism for radio-frequency power deposition. By comparing with previous experiments of direct-launch IBW flow drive on tokamaks and existing theories, we hypothesize that this MC IBW and 7Li interaction also leads to the observed flow drive effect.
An integrated model for materials in a fusion power plant: transmutation, gas production, and helium embrittlement under neutron irradiation
Authors: Gilbert M.R. , Dudarev S.L. , Zheng S. , Packer L.W. , Sublet J.-Ch. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
The high-energy, high-intensity neutron fluxes produced by the fusion plasma will have a significant life-limiting impact on reactor components in both experimental and commercial fusion devices. As well as producing defects, the neutrons bombarding the materials initiate nuclear reactions, leading to transmutation of the elemental atoms. Products of many of these reactions are gases, particularly helium, which can cause swelling and embrittlement of materials.
This paper integrates several different computational techniques to produce a comprehensive picture of the response of materials to neutron irradiation, enabling the assessment of structural integrity of components in a fusion power plant. Neutron-transport calculations for a model of the next-step fusion device DEMO reveal the variation in exposure conditions in different components of the vessel, while inventory calculations quantify the associated implications for transmutation and gas production. The helium production rates are then used, in conjunction with a simple model for He-induced grain-boundary embrittlement based on electronic-structure density functional theory calculations, to estimate the timescales for susceptibility to grain-boundary failure in different fusion-relevant materials. There is wide variation in the predicted grain-boundary-failure lifetimes as a function of both microstructure and chemical composition, with some conservative predictions indicating much less than the required lifetime for components in a fusion power plant.
Risk factors of heavy episodic drinking among Korean adolescents
Authors: Chung S. S. , Joung K. H. 
Published: August 2012

Accessible summary

Heavy episodic drinking among adolescents is a growing concern in Korea.

This paper presents risk factors for decision making about heavy episodic drinking among grades 7–12 students based on 2009 Korean national data.

We expect these results to be useful in detecting susceptible groups for high‐risk drinking.

AbstractThe main objective of this study was to identify the risk factors and develop a decision tree model of heavy episodic drinking (HED) among adolescents. Data were obtained from a representative nationwide Korean population. Nine variables (such as last 30 days smoking, school grade, sex, depression, school achievement, level of stress, region, and economic status) were found as risk factors of HED. On the highest level of the tree root, major classification rule was played by dividing based on the last 30 days smoking and school grades. These findings should be helpful for school and mental healthcare providers to detect Korean adolescents with high possibility of HED, which will aid in planning of healthcare interventions for at‐risk adolescents.
Robot‐assisted or pure laparoscopic nerve‐sparing radical prostatectomy: What is the optimal procedure for the surgical margins? A single center experience
Authors: Koutlidis Nicolas , Mourey Eric , Champigneulle Jacqueline , Mangin Philippe , Cormier Luc 
Published: August 2012

Objectives:  To compare positive surgical margin rates after robot‐assisted and pure laparoscopic radical prostatectomy when neurovascular bundles are preserved, and to identify parameters affecting surgical margin status.Methods:  From March 2004 to January 2009, 279 consecutive prostatectomies with preservation of neurovascular bundles were carried out by the same surgeon: 175 robot‐assisted radical prostatectomies and 104 laparoscopic radical prostatectomies. An intraperitoneal Montsouris's technique was used for all cases. Patient's age, body mass index, prostate weight, prostate‐specific antigen level, clinical stage, preoperative and postoperative Gleason score, percentage of positive biopsies, pathological stage, and positive surgical margin status were prospectively recorded in an institutional database. The two groups were retrospectively analyzed and compared.Results:  Positive surgical margin rates were 17% and 13% for the robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy and laparoscopic radical prostatectomy group (P = 0.4), respectively. At multivariable analysis, only prostate‐specific antigen level and prostate weight significantly affected the surgical margin status, where the type of procedure (robotic vs laparoscopic) did not have any effect.Conclusion:  In our single‐surgeon experience, prostate‐specific antigen levels and prostate weight are predictive of positive surgical margin in patients undergoing nerve‐sparing radical prostatectomy, whereas there seems to be no difference between the robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy and the laparoscopic radical prostatectomy techniques.
Reactive histiocytosis of the orbit and posterior segment in a dog
Authors: Pumphrey Stephanie A. , Pizzirani Stefano , Pirie Christopher G. , Sato Amy F. , Buckley Faith I. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractWe present a case of reactive histiocytic disease involving the orbit, optic nerve, retina, and choroid in a Border Collie dog initially presenting for vision loss. Long‐term partial return of vision has been achieved with systemic immunosuppression. Anterior segment and ocular surface manifestations of reactive histiocytic disease in dogs are relatively common. Posterior segment and orbital involvement, however, are minimally documented in the existing literature. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of disease confined to the orbit and posterior segment as well as the first report of vision loss as a presenting complaint for reactive histiocytic disease. Clinical, magnetic resonance imaging, cytologic, and histopathologic findings are reviewed.
Diabetes self‐risk assessment questionnaires coupled with a multimedia health promotion campaign are cheap and effective tools to increase public awareness of diabetes in a large Chinese population
Authors: Zhang Y. L. , Gao W. G. , Pang Z. C. , Sun J. P. , Wang S. J. , Ning F. , Song X. , Kapur A. , Qiao Q. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractAims  To evaluate costs and effectiveness of implementing a diabetes self‐risk assessment (Diabetes Risk Score) questionnaire coupled with a multimedia health promotion campaign on changes in diabetes awareness in a large diabetes prevention programme.Methods  Between 2007 and 2010, a multimedia health promotion campaign was conducted targeting the 1.94 million population of Qingdao, China, using newspapers, radio programmes, distribution of free booklets and Diabetes Risk Score flyers. Diabetes awareness questionnaires filled out by people first interviewed in 2006 (survey A), before the initiation of the campaign, were compared with those first interviewed between 2007 and 2010 during the campaign period (survey B). The rates of diabetes awareness in both surveys were studied amongst adults aged 35–74 years without a prior history of diabetes, but with a Diabetes Risk Score of ≥ 14.Results  In survey B, 85, 82 and 76% of the urban participants correctly recognized obesity, family history of diabetes and physical inactivity, respectively, as important risk factors for diabetes; while the awareness rates were 43, 46 and 25%, respectively, in survey A (P < 0.001). The corresponding figures among rural participants were 65, 63 and 53% in survey B and 29, 22 and 11% in survey A (P < 0.001). To cover 1000 individuals, the programme spent €5.4 on the use of the Diabetes Risk Score flyer, €31.3 on the education booklet, €7.7 on the newspaper campaign and €37.5 on radio programmes.Conclusions  The combination of a Diabetes Risk Score questionnaire with a multimedia health promotion campaign is a cheap and effective health promotion tool to raise public awareness of diabetes.
Economic consequences of SFAS 142 goodwill write‐offs
Authors: Jarva Henry 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThis paper examines the economic consequences of goodwill write‐offs under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 142 (SFAS 142). Although write‐off firms have performed poorly, it is evident that deteriorating economic performance explains only a small proportion of write‐offs. After controlling for endogeneity of write‐off choice, I fail to find evidence that investors and analysts fixate on SFAS 142 goodwill write‐offs. I also provide evidence that write‐off firms pay higher audit fees, suggesting that auditors charge higher fees in response to extra audit effort. These results are consistent with the principles of market efficiency, analyst‐forecast rationality and efficient audit pricing.
Electrical Delay in Apically Positioned Left Ventricular Leads and Clinical Outcome After Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy
Authors: KANDALA JAGDESH , UPADHYAY GAURAV A. , ALTMAN ROBERT K. , BOSE ABHISHEK , HEIST E. KEVIN , MELA THEOFANIE , SINGH JAGMEET P. 
Published: August 2012

Electrical Delay in Apically Positioned LV Leads. Introduction: In recent studies, an anatomical apical left ventricular (LV) lead pacing location has been associated with deleterious outcome after cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). The differential impact of the LV lead electrical location in these patients remains unknown.Methods and Results: Thirty‐one consecutive CRT patients (mean age 71.7 ± 12.7 years, 55% left bundle‐branch block [LBBB] morphology) with an apical LV lead and LV lead electrical delay (LVLED) were studied. Anatomical LV lead location was determined via review of coronary venography and chest radiographs. Electrical location was assessed through intraprocedural LVLED measurement. Patients were dichotomized into either “long” LVLED (LVLED ≥ 50% of QRS) or “short” LVLED groups (LVLED < 50%). Patients in the long LVLED group demonstrated significantly greater freedom from a primary composite endpoint of all‐cause death, heart failure hospitalization, and cardiac transplantation at 2 years (81% vs 30%, P = 0.007 vs short LVLED patients). Longer LVLED was also associated with more favorable LV remodeling (LV end‐systolic volume –41.9 ± 10.3 mL vs –4.3 ± 17.2 mL; P = 0.05), and greater improvement in LV ejection fraction (+9.4 ± 2.9% vs +2.3 ± 7.5%; P = 0.04). Even after multivariate adjustment, LVLED remained an independent predictor of the primary composite endpoint (HR 0.47, P = 0.031).Conclusions: Electrical lead localization, as estimated by LVLED ≥ 50%, is associated with improved long‐term clinical outcome and measures of LV remodeling in patients with apical LV leads. Intraprocedural LVLED assessment may provide incremental utility in targeting lead placement even in conventionally unfavorable anatomical segments. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 24, pp. 182‐187, February 2013)
Stimulation of Cadaverine Production by Foodborne Pathogens in the Presence of Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, and Streptococcus spp.
Authors: Kuley Esmeray , Balıkcı Esra , Özoğul İlyas , Gökdogan Saadet , Özoğul Fatih 
Published: August 2012

Abstract:  The effect of Lactobacillus plantarum (FI8595), Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris MG 1363), Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis (IL 1403), and Streptococcus thermophilus on cadaverine and other biogenic amine production by foodborne pathogens was investigated lysine decarboxylase broth. Both of lactic acid bacteria and foodborne pathogens used (especially Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, Lc. lactis subsp. lactis and Lb. plantarum) had an ability to convert aminoacids into biogenic amine. The conversion of lysine into cadaverine was the highest (167.11 mg/L) by Lactobacillus spp. Gram‐positive bacteria generally had a greater ability to produce cadaverine with corresponding value of 46.26, 53.76, and 154.54 mg/L for Enterococcus faecalis, S. aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes, respectively. Significant variations on biogenic amine production were observed in the presence of lactic acid bacteria strains (P < 0.05). The role of lactic acid bacteria on biogenic amine production by foodborne pathogens varied depending on strains and specific amine. Cadaverine accumulation by Enterobactericeae was increased in the presence of lactic acid bacteria strains except for St. thermophilus, which induced 2‐fold lower cadaverine production by S. Paratyphi A. Lc. lactis subsp. lactis and Lc. lactis subsp. cremoris induced 10‐fold higher increases in histamine for E. coli and K. pneumoniae, respectively. Lactic acid bacteria resulted in strong increases in cadaverine production by P. aeruginosa, although remarkable decreases were observed for histamine, spermidine, dopamine, agmatine, and TMA in the presence of lactic acid bacteria in lysine decarboxylase broth . The result of the study showed that amine positive lactic acid bacteria strains in fermented food led to significant amine accumulation by contaminant bacteria and their accumulation in food product may be controlled by the use of proper starters with amine‐negative activity.Practical Application:  Foodborne pathogens and certain lactic acid bacteria are particularly active in the production of biogenic amines. Most of the strains of bacteria possess more than 1 amino acid decarboxylase activity under lysine enrichment culture conditions. Lactic acid bacteria strains had a significant role on increase putrescine accumulation by foodborne pathogens. The increased production of biogenic amines in mixed culture is the result of presence of amine positive lactic acid bacteria strains. The addition of a proper selected starter culture with amine‐negative activity is advisable to produce safer fermented food with low contents of biogenic amines.