bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A fault location method based on genetic algorithm for high‐voltage direct current transmission line
Authors: Li Yongli , Zhang Shuo , Li Hongbo , Zhai Yongchang , Zhang Weiya , Nie Yao 
Published: June 2012

SUMMARYA fault location method based on genetic algorithm for high‐voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission line is proposed in this article. This method adopts the Bergeron model of transmission line, in which the voltage at any point of the line can be calculated by the voltage and current data sampled at both terminals of the line, and the fault position can be identified using the distributed characteristics of voltage along the line. Unlike the traditional fault location methods based on the Bergeron model, which depend on accurate line parameters and highly synchronized samples at two terminals of the line, the proposed method takes line parameters and asynchronous time at two terminals of the line together with the unknown fault location as the variables in model building to obtain the fault location. As an optimization problem, the model is solved by genetic algorithm. The significant advantage of the method is that it can reduce the influence of line parameter deviation and asynchronous samples at two terminals to the fault location result. The purpose of proposing this method is to avoid the situation without location result for the traveling wave fault location method when a grounding fault occurred with high resistance and to improve the accuracy of fault location result under harsh environment condition. The simulation model of a typical 500 kV HVDC transmission line in the Chinese power system was built by PSCAD, and MATLAB was used to verify the algorithm. Actual fault recording data obtained from the south grid of China were used to test the effectiveness of this method. Simulation results show that the proposed method is valid and is capable of eliminating the influence of line parameters deviation and asynchronous data on the accuracy of fault location results for the HVDC transmission line. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
INFERTILITY INSURANCE MANDATES AND MULTIPLE BIRTHS
Authors: Buckles Kasey S. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTIn 2002, 15.4% of women of childbearing age in the USA reported struggles with infertility. Over the past 3 decades, drugs and assisted reproductive technologies have been developed to treat infertility, but treatment is costly. Since 1985, several states have adopted insurance mandates that require providers to cover or offer infertility treatments. In this paper, I examine the impact of strong mandate‐to‐cover laws on multiple births, which are associated with infertility treatment use. I also investigate whether the laws had heterogeneous treatment effects.Using birth certificate data from 1980–2002, I show that the laws had a small and statistically insignificant impact on multiple birth rates. However, I find that there were over 5300 mandate‐induced triplet and higher‐order births over the period, for which the delivery costs alone are estimated to be over $900 million. Increases in multiple birth rates are only observed for women over 30 and are greater for women who are married, white, or have a college degree. This is consistent with previous work, which finds that the mandates did not reduce disparities in treatment use. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
SOCIAL BENEFITS AND ABATEMENT COSTS OF GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION REDUCTIONS FROM RESTORING DRAINED FEN WETLANDS: A CASE STUDY FROM THE ELBE RIVER BASIN (GERMANY)
Authors: Grossmann Malte , Dietrich Ottfried 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTThis paper presents estimates of the costs and benefits of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions through fen wetland restoration. This study takes previous research on GHG emissions from peat wetlands further by coupling water‐level‐dependent emission functions with a landscape‐ and basin‐scale assessment of the hydrology and water management of wetlands. For this purpose we use a water management model for the Elbe River Basin that includes the major lowland fen wetland sites as water users. Based on the resultant estimates of the GHG emissions of wetlands and the reduction potential of management options under a more realistic description of water availability, this paper provides improved estimates of the benefits of restoration in terms of the shadow price of carbon and the GHG abatement costs of wetland restoration measures. An econometric approach is used to develop abatement cost estimates for wetland restoration.We find mean current emissions over 35 wetland sites (3840 km²) to be in the range of 17.5–25.5 tCO2e ha‐1. The median of estimated abatement costs for fen stabilisation scenarios are within a range of €10–20 tCO2e‐1 and for restoration scenarios in a range of €7–14 tCO2e‐1. Fen wetland restoration can therefore potentially contribute to mitigation targets at low cost. An approach focused on restoration is a more efficient strategy compared to an approach centred on agri‐environmental schemes, even though both components are required in a zoning approach. However the effects of climatic change may reduce the effectiveness of wetland restoration measures by roughly 50%. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Phototoxic effects of fluorescent protein KillerRed on tumor cells in mice
Authors: Shirmanova Marina V. , Serebrovskaya Ekaterina O. , Lukyanov Konstantin A. , Snopova Ludmila B. , Sirotkina Marina A. , Prodanetz Natalia N. , Bugrova Marina L. , Minakova Ekaterina A. , Turchin Ilya V. , Kamensky Vladislav A. , Lukyanov Sergey A. , Zagaynova Elena V. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractKillerRed is known to be a unique red fluorescent protein displaying strong phototoxic properties. Its effectiveness has been shown previously for killing bacterial and cancer cells in vitro. Here, we investigated the photototoxicity of the protein on tumor xenografts in mice. HeLa Kyoto cell line stably expressing KillerRed in mitochondria and in fusion with histone H2B was used. Irradiation of the tumors with 593 nm laser led to photobleaching of KillerRed indicating photosensitization reaction and caused significant destruction of the cells and activation of apoptosis. The portion of the dystrophically changed cells increased from 9.9% to 63.7%, and the cells with apoptosis hallmarks from 6.3% to 14%. The results of this study suggest KillerRed as a potential genetically encoded photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy of cancer. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in ischemic heart disease
Authors: von Knobelsdorff‐Brenkenhoff Florian , Schulz‐Menger Jeanette 
Published: June 2012

AbstractIschemic heart disease is the most frequent etiology for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Early detection and accurate monitoring are essential to guide optimal patient treatment and assess the individual's prognosis. In this regard, cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR), which entered the arena of noninvasive cardiovascular imaging over the past two decades, became a very important imaging modality, mainly due to its unique versatility. CMR has proven accuracy and is a robust technique for the assessment of myocardial function both at rest and during stress. It also allows stress perfusion analysis with high spatial and temporal resolution, and provides a means by which to differentiate tissue such as distinguishing between reversibly and irreversibly injured myocardium. In particular, the latter aspect is a unique benefit of CMR compared with other noninvasive imaging modalities such as echocardiography and nuclear medicine, and provides novel information concerning the presence, size, transmurality, and prognosis of myocardial infarction. This article is intended to provide the reader with an overview of the various applications of CMR for the assessment of ischemic heart disease from a clinical perspective. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012;36:20–38. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Climatic response to changes in vegetation in the Northwest Hetao Plain as simulated by the WRF model
Authors: Yu Entao , Wang Huijun , Sun Jianqi , Gao Yongqi 
Published: June 2012

AbstractConsidering the ‘Green Great Wall’ project and future climate change, the vegetation in the Northwest Hetao Plain (NWHP) of China is expected to undergo considerable changes. In this study, the climatic response to prescribed changes in vegetation is investigated using the Weather Research and Forecasting model. When the vegetation is changed from ‘bare or sparsely vegetated’ category to ‘grassland’ in the NWHP, the climate shows both local and remote responses. Locally, the temperature increases in the winter but decreases in the summer. The precipitation level increases substantially in the summer while increases slightly in the winter, which is mainly caused by the increase in the amount of water‐vapour and circulation adjustment. Additionally, atmospheric circulation anomalies also lead to remote circulation responses, including a decrease in precipitation over Central North China and an increase in precipitation over Central and South China. The results of this study bring to light the local and remote climatic responses to changes in vegetation in the NWHP using a state‐of‐the‐art regional climate model. Copyright © 2012 Royal Meteorological Society
Forecasting the onset of cloud‐to‐ground lightning using radar and upper‐air data in Romania
Authors: Antonescu Bogdan , Burcea Sorin , Tǎnase Adrian 
Published: June 2012

AbstractA method for forecasting the onset of cloud‐to‐ground (CG) lightning flashes is examined. Reflectivity data and upper‐air measurements were analysed for 49 convective storms observed in 36 different days over southern Romania during the convective season (May–September) from 2003 to 2005. The radar reflectivity data were associated with the CG lightning flash locations obtained from the Romanian National Lightning Detection Network. The CG lightning initiation signature is based on reflectivity thresholds (35 and 40 dBZ) at a given environmental temperature aloft (−10 and − 15 °C). We have found that the best predictor is the 35 dBZ radar reflectivity at the height of the − 10 °C isotherm, with a probability of detection of 95%, and mean lead time of 17 min before the first CG lightning. In previous studies, it was found that the onset of CG lightning flashes had greater threshold value for reflectivity (40 dBZ) and shorter lead time (13 min). The results presented in this study are currently used in the nowcasting operational activities at the Romanian National Meteorological Administration. Copyright © 2012 Royal Meteorological Society
Smad8/BMP2‐engineered mesenchymal stem cells induce accelerated recovery of the biomechanical properties of the achilles tendon
Authors: Pelled Gadi , Snedeker Jess G. , Ben‐Arav Ayelet , Rigozzi Samuela , Zilberman Yoram , Kimelman‐Bleich Nadav , Gazit Zulma , Müller Ralph , Gazit Dan 
Published: June 2012

AbstractTendon tissue regeneration is an important goal for orthopedic medicine. We hypothesized that implantation of Smad8/BMP2‐engineered MSCs in a full‐thickness defect of the Achilles tendon (AT) would induce regeneration of tissue with improved biomechanical properties. A 2 mm defect was created in the distal region of murine ATs. The injured tendons were then sutured together or given implants of genetically engineered MSCs (GE group), non‐engineered MSCs (CH3 group), or fibrin gel containing no cells (FG group). Three weeks later the mice were killed, and their healing tendons were excised and processed for histological or biomechanical analysis. A biomechanical analysis showed that tendons that received implants of genetically engineered MSCs had the highest effective stiffness (>70% greater than natural healing, p < 0.001) and elastic modulus. There were no significant differences in either ultimate load or maximum stress among the treatment groups. Histological analysis revealed a tendon‐like structure with elongated cells mainly in the GE group. ATs that had been implanted with Smad8/BMP2‐engineered stem cells displayed a better material distribution and functional recovery than control groups. While additional study is required to determine long‐term effects of GE MSCs on tendon healing, we conclude that genetically engineered MSCs may be a promising therapeutic tool for accelerating short‐term functional recovery in the treatment of tendon injuries. © 2012 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 30:1932–1939, 2012
Stability of the metatarsophalangeal joint of the lesser toes: A cadaveric study
Authors: Suero Eduardo M. , Meyers Kathleen N. , Bohne Walter H.O. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractDorsal instability of the metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) of the lesser toes is an important cause of forefoot pain. Both conservative and surgical treatment options have been proposed. However, the role of each static stabilizing structure has not been elucidated. We hypothesized that isolated sectioning of the plantar plate (PP) would result in greater dorsal translation compared to isolated sectioning of the medial collateral ligaments (MCL) or lateral (LCL) collateral ligaments, or the extensor hood (EH), and that combined injury to two or more structures would result in greater dorsal translation compared to isolated PP injury. Fifty‐four cadaveric lesser toe specimens were randomized into groups for individual and combined sectioning of the PP, EH, and LCL and MCL. A 30 N axial load was applied to each specimen in the plantar–dorsal direction and dorsal translation of the phalanx was measured for each condition. ANOVA was used to compare groups. A 19% change in MTP translation was found from intact after sectioning the PP. No significant difference in translation was seen after individual sectioning of the EH, MCL, or LCL. A significant increase in translation occurred from intact with the following sectioning combinations: MCL + LCL, 37%; EH + MCL + LCL, 45%; and PP + MCL + LCL, 63%. Thus, the PP is the main restraint for dorsal MTPJ translation. MCL and LCL have important partial contribution to MTPJ stability. Injury to the PP, individually, or combined injuries to the PP, EH, MCL, or LCL, appear to cause significant instability that may warrant more aggressive treatment. © 2012 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 30:1995–1998, 2012
Effect of Echinacea purpurea L. on oxidative status and meat quality in Arbor Acres broilers
Authors: Lee Tzu Tai , Ciou Jhih Ying , Chen Chung Li , Yu Bi 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: Echinacea purpurea L. (EP) is a popular herbal antioxidant and immunomodulator. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of EP on meat quality and oxidative status in broilers. Two hundred and fifty (1‐day‐old) male broilers (Arbor Acres) were randomly allocated to five groups including the control (corn‐soybean meal diet) and 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0% EP powder groups, with two replicates per treatment group.RESULTS: The results indicated that the addition of 0.5% and 1.0% EP significantly increased water‐holding capacity and decreased storage loss of breast and thigh fillets at 35 days old. For fillet colour, L* (lightness) values were lower, and a* (redness) and b* (yellowness) values were higher with EP supplementation. Lower crude fat contents were observed in EP groups in comparison with control at 35 days of age in breast and thigh fillets, respectively. Production of malondialdehyde was slightly reduced in serum of EP supplemented birds compared to the control group. Results for Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity, catalase and superoxide dismutase were significantly higher for the 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0% EP supplemental groups than control group in serum. Liver and spleen tissues results showed that the antioxidative enzymes activities were higher with EP powder at 35 days of age.CONCLUSION: Dried EP can be used as a feed additive to improve the meat quality and oxidative status in Arbor Acres broilers. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
The Factor Structure of Tourist Satisfaction at Pilgrimage Destinations: the Case of Medjugorje
Authors: Krešić Damir , Mikulić Josip , Miličević Katarina 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTAlthough there is an abundance of studies on secular tourist satisfaction and perceived quality of respective tourist destinations, these issues have remained largely neglected when it comes to pilgrimage destinations. The objective of this paper thus is to investigate the key drivers of tourist satisfaction in a pilgrimage destination context by using the case of Medjugorje, one of the most renowned shrines to the Virgin Mary in the world. A recently proposed moderated regression analysis is used to explore whether individual destination attributes can be classified into factors with either a larger or smaller potential to generate satisfaction than dissatisfaction, according to the three‐factor theory of customer satisfaction. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Porous Polysaccharide‐Based Scaffolds for Human Endothelial Progenitor Cells
Authors: Lavergne Mélanie , Derkaoui Mohammed , Delmau Catherine , Letourneur Didier , Uzan Georges , Le Visage Catherine 
Published: June 2012

AbstractHuman ECFCs contribute to vascular repair. For this reason, they are considered as valuable cell therapy products in ischemic diseases. Porous scaffolds are prepared that are composed of natural polysaccharides, pullulan and dextran, by chemical crosslinking without use of organic solvents. These porous scaffolds, which have pores with an average size of 42 µm and a porosity of 21%, preserve the viability and the proliferation of cord‐blood ECFCs. After 7 d of culture in porous scaffolds, ECFCs express endothelial markers (CD31 and vWf) and maintain endothelial functions. The cultured cells can be easily retrieved by enzymatic degradation of the porous scaffolds. In vitro results suggest that the porous scaffold could allow cell delivery of ECFCs for treatment of vascular diseases.magnified image
Manufacturing of Surface Relief Structures in Moving Substrates Using Photoembossing and Pulsed‐Interference Holography
Authors: Picot Olivier T. , Alcalá Rafael , Sánchez Carlos , Dai Mian , Hughes‐Brittain Nanayaa F. , Broer Dirk J. , Peijs Ton , Bastiaansen Cees W. M. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractPhotoembossing is a cost‐effective technique for the production of complex surface relief structures in a photopolymer film, achieved via contact‐mask exposure to UV‐light. Here, photoembossing is explored using interference holography with a CW laser and a nanosecond pulsed laser. It is shown that identical surface relief structures are produced if the photopolymer film is kept in a fixed position. In the case of a moving substrate, relief structures are only obtained with the pulsed laser and the heights of the relief structures and their shape are the same as in the static experiments. This illustrates that photoembossing in combination with pulsed laser interference holography is potentially useful in the production of large area structured films using roll‐to‐roll processes.magnified image
Green tea epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate (EGCG) promotes neural progenitor cell proliferation and sonic hedgehog pathway activation during adult hippocampal neurogenesis
Authors: Wang Yanyan , Li Maoquan , Xu Xueqing , Song Min , Tao Huansheng , Bai Yun 
Published: June 2012

ScopeAdult hippocampal neurogenesis is a lifelong feature of brain plasticity that appears to be critically involved in adult brain function and neurological disease. Recent studies suggest that (–)‐epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate (EGCG), which is the main polyphenolic constituent of green tea, may be used for the prevention and treatment of various neurodegenerative diseases. We hypothesized that EGCG promotes adult neurogenesis, which may be beneficial to hippocampus‐dependent learning and memory.Methods and resultsWe show that EGCG treatment significantly increased the number of 5‐bromo‐2′‐deoxyuridine (BrdU)‐labeled cells in adult hippocampal neural progenitor cell (NPC) cultures and in the dentate gyrus of adult mice. Meanwhile, EGCG markedly improved spatial cognition in mice. These events are associated with the sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway. We observed that EGCG triggered a robust upregulation of Shh receptor (Patched) mRNA and protein expression in cultured NPCs as well as an upregulation of the downstream Shh transcriptional target Gli1. These changes were further confirmed in the hippocampus of mice administered EGCG. The blockage of the Shh signal with the pharmacological inhibitor cyclopamine attenuated EGCG‐induced hippocampal neurogenesis.ConclusionOur results provide strong evidence that EGCG enhances adult hippocampal neurogenesis.
A unified formulation for interface coupling and frictional contact modeling with embedded error estimation
Authors: Masud Arif , Truster Timothy J. , Bergman Lawrence A. 
Published: June 2012

SUMMARYWe present a derivation of a new interface formulation via a merger of continuous Galerkin and discontinuous Galerkin concepts, enhanced by the variational multiscale method. Developments herein provide treatment for the pure‐displacement form and mixed form of small deformation elasticity as applied to the solution of two problem classes: domain decomposition and contact mechanics with friction. The proposed framework seamlessly accommodates merger of different element types within subregions of the computational domain and nonmatching element faces along embedded interfaces. These features are retained in the treatment of multibody small deformation contact problems as well, where an unbiased treatment of the contact interface stands in contrast to classical master/slave constructs. Numerical results for problems in two and three spatial dimensions illustrate the robustness and versatility of the proposed method. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
New criteria on stability analysis for uncertain neutral system with mixed time‐varying delays
Authors: Chen Huabin 
Published: June 2012

SUMMARYThis paper mainly studies the problem of the robustly stability analysis for uncertain neutral system with mixed time‐varying delays. By constructing an augmented Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional, some new delay‐dependent criteria can be established in terms of linear matrix inequalities. Compared with some existing results, our delay‐dependent criteria can be shown to be some less conservative ones via some illustrative numerical examples. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.