bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterizing the Relationship between Personality Dimensions and Psychosis-Specific Clinical Characteristics
Authors: Jang Youjin Jenny , Yassin Walid , Mesholam-Gately Raquelle , Gershon Elliot S. , Keedy Sarah , Pearlson Godfrey G. , Tamminga Carol A. , McDowell Jennifer , Parker David A. , Sauer Kodiak , Keshavan Matcheri S. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundPast studies associating personality with psychosis have been limited by small nonclinical samples and a focus on general symptom burden. This study uses a large clinical sample to examine personality’s relationship with psychosis-specific features and compare personality dimensions across clinically and neurobiologically defined categories of psychoses.MethodsA total of 1352 participants with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and bipolar with psychosis, as well as 623 healthy controls (HC), drawn from the Bipolar-Schizophrenia Network for Intermediate Phenotypes (BSNIP-2) study, were included. Three biomarker-derived biotypes were used to separately categorize the probands. Mean personality factors (openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism) were compared between HC and proband subgroups using independent sample t-tests. A robust linear regression was utilized to determine personality differences across biotypes and diagnostic subgroups. Associations between personality factors and cognition were determined through Pearson’s correlation. A canonical correlation was run between the personality factors and general functioning, positive symptoms, and negative symptoms to delineate the relationship between personality and clinical outcomes of psychosis.ResultsThere were significant personality differences between the proband and HC groups across all five personality factors. Overall, the probands had higher neuroticism and lower extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness. Openness showed the greatest difference across the diagnostic subgroups and biotypes, and greatest correlation with cognition. Openness, agreeableness, and extraversion had the strongest associations with symptom severity.ConclusionsIndividuals with psychosis have different personality profiles compared to HC. In particular, openness may be relevant in distinguishing psychosis-specific phenotypes and experiences, and associated with biological underpinnings of psychosis, including cognition. Further studies should identify potential causal factors and mediators of this relationship.
Impact of Prior Dengue Infection on the Severity and Outcomes of Subsequent Infections: A Meta-Analysis of the Placebo Arm of Clinical Trials
Authors: Macchia Alejandro , Figar Silvana , Biscayart Cristián , González Bernaldo de Quirós Fernán 
Published: June 2024

AbstractImportanceThe increasing incidence and prevalence of dengue in Latin America is well-documented. Historical case-control series also highlight that secondary infections are a risk factor for severe dengue, hospitalization, and death. This has generated alarm among some sectors of the population and the scientific community. However, there has been no examination based on the results of randomized clinical trials that analyzes the risk of severe events in individuals with and without prior dengue infection.ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between serologically confirmed prior dengue infection (DVC) and the subsequent risk of DVC, severe dengue (DS), dengue hospitalization (DHOSP), dengue-related death, and all-cause mortality.MethodsA systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Studies were searched in PubMed, CINAHL, Medline, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science, including only phase III randomized clinical trials of vaccine efficacy with data on participants in the placebo groups and information on previous infections. Random-effects models were applied to calculate combined odds ratios (OR), and heterogeneity among studies was assessed.ResultsA total of four studies corresponding to three phase III clinical trials were included. Participants with prior infection had a lower likelihood of developing DVC during follow-up (OR: 0.85; 95% CI: [0.75; 0.98]; p=0.024) and the same risk of dengue hospitalization as those without prior dengue (OR: 1.18; 95% CI: [0.92; 1.53]; p=0.198). However, they had a higher rate of DS during follow-up (OR: 2.91; 95% CI: [1.23; 6.87]; p=0.015). No dengue-related deaths were observed in any of the clinical trials during follow-up.ConclusionsPrior dengue infection significantly reduces the risk of DVC and increases the risk of DS, although it does not significantly affect the risk of dengue hospitalization or dengue-related death during follow-up. The findings of this study highlight the need to reconsider the value of prior infection as an independent risk factor.
Sleep Quality mediates the association between Tea Consumption and Duration of COVID-19-related Symptoms in the Elderly
Authors: Fan Yuxing , Wang Yunyu , Jiang Jun , Yang Shaopeng , Lu Jie , Ma Qinghua , Zhu Hong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe association between tea consumption and the duration of COVID-19-related symptoms remains inconclusive. This cross-sectional study aims to investigate the potential mediating role of sleep quality in this association.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study using data from elderly individuals aged 50 and above in Weitang Town in 2023. Detailed information on tea consumption, duration of COVID-19-related symptoms, and sleep quality was collected using pre-designed questionnaires. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Spearman correlation analysis was employed to examine the relationships between variables. Mediation effect analysis utilized a mediation model with multi-category independent variables.ResultsThe correlation analysis revealed negative associations between tea drinking frequency, type, years, concentration, and sleep quality. Additionally, sleep quality was significantly and positively associated with the duration of COVID-19-related symptoms, whereas various tea consumption variables were significantly and negatively associated with the duration of COVID-19-related symptoms. The mediation analysis confirmed that sleep quality partially mediated the relationship between daily tea drinking and the duration of COVID-19-related symptoms. Moreover, sleep quality fully mediated the associations between drinking green tea, consuming tea for less than 15 years or more than 30 years, the concentration of tea consumption, and the duration of COVID-19-related symptoms.ConclusionsTea consumption indirectly influences the duration of COVID-19-related symptoms through its impact on sleep quality. These findings highlight the importance of considering the effects of tea consumption on COVID-19 infection, as well as the potential to reduce the duration of COVID-19-related symptoms by improving sleep quality.
Serum BMP8B levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a case-control study
Authors: Xue Hui-Ling , Hao Wan-Jiao , Song Jie , Li Ye , Liu Man , Wei Jun-XIU , Ren Xiao-Pang 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesBone morphogenetic protein-8B (BMP8B) is an adipokine that is synthesized in many tissues and has been shown to be associated with the development of obesity and metabolic disorders in animals and humans. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between serum BMP8B levels and various metabolic parameters in women with PCOS.Material and methodsThis cross-sectional study included 80 women with PCOS and 40 age- and BMI-matched controls without PCOS. BMP8B, total cholesterol, triglyceride,fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin, total testosterone (T),follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH),estradiol (E2) levels were measured in all the participants. HOMA-IR was used to calculate the insulin resistance.ResultsSerum BMP8B levels were lower in women with PCOS than in healthy women(43.11±13.09 [ng/mL]vs. 106.45±52.32 [ng/mL], p< 0.001). HOMA-IR, LH/FSH, total-testosterone, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels were significantly higher in women with PCOS than controls. Circulating BMP8B levels were positively correlated with HOMA-IR,BMI in PCOS group; was positively correlated with triglyceride in Control group.ConclusionThe low concentration of circulating BMP8B in PCOS may be associated with insulin resistance,Lipid metabolism and BMI,bat may be a new target for PCOS treatment.
“Identification of potential high-risk clones of Carbapenem-ResistantPseudomonas aeruginosaco-producing, KPC-2, VIM-2 and OXA-74 from tertiary hospitals in Metro Manila, Philippines”
Authors: Tesalona Sherill , Abulencia Miguel Francisco , Pineda-Cortel Maria Ruth , Sapula Sylvia A , Venter Henrietta , Lagamayo Evelina 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTCarbapenem-resistantPseudomonas aeruginosa(CRPA) is an opportunistic human pathogen and a global public health concern due to the limited treatment options available for infections by this pathogen. Identification of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) determinants at an early phase is crucial to administer the appropriate treatment in a timely manner, thereby alleviating the transmission and enhancing the outcomes of patients infected with these pathogens. This study investigated the whole genome sequence (WGS) of 35 CRPA isolates obtained from three hospitals in Metro Manila, Philippines, collected from August 2022 to January 2023. The investigation revealed that a high proportion of isolates obtained from Hospital B and C contained acquired AMR determinants. The traditional multilocus sequence type (MLST) analysis using Pasteur nomenclature in the PubMLST database revealed six different known sequence types (STs), namely ST111, ST175, ST1822, ST357, ST3753 and ST389 and the highest number of unknown STs (27 singletons). Moreover, to delineate the unknown STs identified, the Pasteur nomenclature in the Pathogenwatch database was used, which led to the identification of novel STs. Notably, a novel ST4b1c was found to co-produce the metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL) NDM-7, extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) CTX-M-15 and TEM-2, as well as class D OXA-395. Furthermore, potential high-risk clones represented by ST389 and novel STs (ST95c6, STf555, and STab6a) were identified, all of which co-produced carbapenemases KPC-2, VIM-2, and OXA-74. This study represents the first report in the Philippines on the co-production of ESBL KPC-2, MBL VIM-2 and Class D OXA-74 hosted by potential high-risk clones and novel STs. It underscores the need for continuous surveillance and monitoring of other problematic strains.
TGF-β2/OPTN/FOXC1/miR-200axis regulates intraocular pressure dynamics in trabecular meshwork cells
Authors: Sugali Chenna Kesavulu , Gajula Navya Naidu , Chava Suresh , Reddy Aramati Bindu Madhava 
Published: June 2024

SummaryGlaucoma is the second leading cause of irreversible blindness globally, with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) being its primary risk factor. Current therapeutic approaches, such as beta-blockers, alpha-adrenergic agonists, Rho-kinase inhibitors, etc., aim to reduce IOP levels. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying altered IOP remain poorly understood. In this study, we have treated primary human trabecular meshwork cells (HTM) with exogenous dexamethasone (dex) or transforming growth factor beta-2 (TGF-β2) to investigate its effects on glaucoma candidate genes. Interestingly, our findings reveal that FOXC1 acts as a repressor toCYP1B1, and optineurin (OPTN) facilitates the ubiquitination of FOXC1, thereby inducing CYP1B1 expression. Further, we discovered that themiR-200family and other miRNAs regulate these glaucoma-candidate genes. Furthermore, TGF-β2 downregulates themiR-200family, whereas themiR-200family targetsFOXC1, exerting reversible effects by altering the extracellular matrix. FOXC1 positively regulatesCLOCK, one of its target genes. Besides, CLOCK/BMAL1 has binding sites on miR-200 family promoters. Modulating the TGF-β2/OPTN/FOXC1/miR-200axis appears critical in regulating IOP dynamics through CLOCK/BMAL1-mediated daily rhythmicity in the anterior segment of the eye.Graphical Abstract
The Assembly of Purple-red Spinach Provides Insight into the Mechanism of Betalain Biosynthesis
Authors: Liu Zhiyuan , She Hongbing , Meng Meng , Zhang Helong , Xu Zhaosheng , Qian Wei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPurple-red spinach is a unique cultivar with rich in betalains, which has been used for food colorants and is beneficial for human health. In view of the lack of genomic inforamtion of purple-red spinach genome and promote the idetification of betalian gene, we presented the genome of purple-red spinach with Nanopore ultra-long and illumina sequencing platform. The contig N50 size was 2.2Mb and 99.33% contig sequence was anchored to the six chromosomes, totaling 878.83Mb. The purple-red genome constitues 74.15% repeat sequence and harbors 26020 protein-coding genes. We also comprehensively identified candidate genes in betalain biosynthesis pathway in spinach. Moreover, a combined transcriptomic and BSA analysis uncovered a key betalain gene, FUN_002594, which regulated the color and betalain content of leaf. Our data present a valuable resource for facilitating molecular breeding programs of spinach and shed novel light on unique attributes, as well as the modulation of betalain biosynthesis.
Tool use fine-tunes arm and tool maps
Authors: Peviani V.C. , Pfeifer L.N. , Risso G. , Bassolino M. , Miller L.E. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThere is evidence that the sensorimotor system builds fine-grained spatial maps of the limbs based on somatosensory signals. Can a hand-held tool be mapped in space with a comparable spatial resolution? Do spatial maps change following tool use? In order to address these questions, we used a spatial mapping task on healthy participants to measure the accuracy and precision of spatial estimates pertaining to several locations on their arm and on a hand-held tool. To study spatial accuracy, we first fitted linear regressions with real location as predictor and estimated location as dependent variables. Intercepts and slopes, representing constant offset and estimation error, were compared between arm and tool, and before to after tool use. We further investigated changes induced by tool use in terms of variable error associated with spatial estimates, representing their precision. We found that the spatial maps for the arm and tool were comparably accurate, suggesting that holding the tool provides enough information to the sensorimotor system to map it in space. Further, using the tool fine-tuned the user’s spatial maps, increasing the precision of the tool map to a greater extent than their arm map. Furthermore, this increased precision is focal to specific tool locations, i.e., the tool tip, which may work as a spatial anchor following tool use. Our results demonstrate that tool users possess dynamic maps of tool space that are comparable to body space.
Modeling the velocity of evolving lineages and predicting dispersal patterns
Authors: Bastide Paul , Rocu Pauline , Wirtz Johannes , Hassler Gabriel W. , Chevenet François , Fargette Denis , Suchard Marc A. , Dellicour Simon , Lemey Philippe , Guindon Stéphane 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAccurate estimation of the dispersal velocity or speed of evolving organisms is no mean feat. In fact, existing probabilistic models in phylogeography or spatial population genetics generally do not provide an adequate framework to define velocity in a relevant manner. For instance, the very concept of instantaneous speed simply does not exist under one of the most popular approaches that models the evolution of spatial coordinates as Brownian trajectories running along a phylogeny (Lemeyet al., 2010). Here, we introduce a new family of models – the so-called “Phylogenetic Integrated Velocity” (PIV) models – that use Gaussian processes to explicitly model the velocity of evolving lineages instead of focusing on the fluctuation of spatial coordinates over time. We describe the properties of these models and show an increased accuracy of velocity estimates compared to previous approaches. Analyses of West Nile virus data in the U.S.A. indicate that PIV models provide sensible predictions of the dispersal of evolving pathogens at a one-year time horizon. These results demonstrate the feasibility and relevance of predictive phylogeography in monitoring epidemics in time and space.
Mapping Somatosensory Afferent Circuitry to Bone Identifies Neurotrophic Signals Required for Fracture Healing
Authors: Xu Mingxin , Thottappillil Neelima , Cherief Masnsen , Li Zhao , Zhu Manyu , Xing Xin , Gomez-Salazar Mario , Mwirigi Juliet M. , Sankaranarayanan Ishwarya , Tavares-Ferreira Diana , Zhang Chi , Wang Xue-Wei , Archer Mary , Guan Yun , Tower Robert J. , Cahan Patrick , Price Theodore J. , Clemens Thomas L. , James Aaron W. 
Published: June 2024

SummaryThe profound pain accompanying bone fracture is mediated by somatosensory neurons, which also appear to be required to initiate bone regeneration following fracture. Surprisingly, the precise neuroanatomical circuitry mediating skeletal nociception and regeneration remains incompletely understood. Here, we characterized somatosensory dorsal root ganglia (DRG) afferent neurons innervating murine long bones before and after experimental long bone fracture in mice. Retrograde labeling of DRG neurons by an adeno-associated virus with peripheral nerve tropism showed AAV-tdT signal. Single cell transcriptomic profiling of 6,648 DRG neurons showed highest labeling across CGRP+ neuron clusters (6.9-17.2%) belonging to unmyelinated C fibers, thinly myelinated Aδ fibers and Aβ-Field LTMR (9.2%). Gene expression profiles of retrograde labeled DRG neurons over multiple timepoints following experimental stress fracture revealed dynamic changes in gene expression corresponding to the acute inflammatory (S100a8,S100a9) and mechanical force (Piezo2). Reparative phase after fracture included morphogens such asTgfb1, Fgf9andFgf18. Two methods to surgically or genetically denervate fractured bones were used in combination with scRNA-seq to implicate defective mesenchymal cell proliferation and osteodifferentiation as underlying the poor bone repair capacity in the presence of attenuated innervation. Finally, multi-tissue scRNA-seq and interactome analyses implicated neuron-derived FGF9 as a potent regulator of fracture repair, a finding compatible with in vitro assessments of neuron-to-skeletal mesenchyme interactions.
Metabolic engineering ofAcinetobacter baylyiADP1 for naringenin production
Authors: Kurnia Kesi , Efimova Elena , Santala Ville , Santala Suvi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNaringenin, a flavanone and a precursor for a variety of flavonoids, has potential applications in the health and pharmaceutical sectors. The biological production of naringenin using genetically engineered microbes is considered as a promising strategy. The naringenin synthesis pathway involving chalcone synthase (CHS) and chalcone isomerase (CHI) relies on the efficient supply of key substrates, malonyl-CoA and coumaroyl-CoA. In this research, we utilized a soil bacterium,Acinetobacter baylyiADP1, which exhibits several characteristics that make it a suitable candidate for naringenin biosynthesis; the strain naturally tolerates and can uptake and metabolize coumarate, a primary compound in alkaline-pretreated lignin and a precursor for naringenin production.A. baylyiADP1 also produces intracellular lipids, such as wax esters, thereby being able to provide an excess of malonyl-CoA for naringenin biosynthesis. Moreover, the genomic engineering of this strain is notably straightforward. In the course of the construction of a naringenin-producing strain, the coumarate catabolism was eliminated by a single gene knockout (ΔhcaA) and various combinations of plant-derived CHS and CHI were evaluated. The best performance was obtained by a novel combination of genes encoding for a CHS fromHypericum androsaemumand a CHI fromMedicago sativa,that enabled the production of 18 mg/L naringenin in batch cultivations from coumarate. Furthermore, the implementation of a fed-batch system led to a significant 3.7-fold increase (66 mg/L) in naringenin production. These findings underscore the potential ofA. baylyiADP1 as a host for naringenin biosynthesis as well as advancement of lignin-based bioproduction.
Hemoglobin Rothschild: Structural Rationalization of Decreased O2Affinity as a Consequence of a β37(C3)Trp→Arg Mutation
Authors: Al-Seragi Mohammed 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHemoglobin Rothschild is characterized by a β37(C3)Trp→Arg mutation that severely impairs wildtype hemoglobin function. This mutation has previously been documented to diminish conformational cooperativity, and thereby uppercut oxygen affinity. While the mutation is known to have direct implications on the hinge region at theα1β2interface, the immediate and indirect manifestations of this mutation have not been rendered using high-resolution molecular visualization software. Further unexplored is whether low O2affinity inHbRis an outcome of a stabilized, unliganded, tetrameric T-state, a liganded, dimerized R-state deprived of quaternary enhancement, or a combination of both.Herein, PyMOL is used to rationalize the structural artifacts of the Rothschild variant that govern decreased O2affinity via a stabilized, tetrameric T-stateHbR, and decreased O2affinity viaHbRdimerization and loss of cooperative binding in the R-state. Molecular docking simulations were then performed to determine on what grounds O2affinity is most attenuated. The result shows that, at the 95% confidence level, reduced O2affinity inHbRis just as much an outcome of a stabilized tetrameric T-state as it is a dimerized R-state lacking quaternary, subunit cooperativity. The work described here builds a statistical framework to accommodate further, pair-wise comparison of low O2affinity hemoglobin variants to build intuition on which primary sequence mutations pose the largest clinical consequences.
Impact of Maximal Overexpression of a Non-toxic Protein on Yeast Cell Physiology
Authors: Fujita Yuri , Namba Shotaro , Moriya Hisao 
Published: June 2024

SummaryWhile it is recognized that excess expression of non-essential proteins burdens cell growth, the physiological state of cells under such stress is largely unknown. This is because it is challenging to distinguish between adverse effects arising from the properties of the expressed excess protein (cytotoxicity) and those caused solely by protein overexpression. In this study, we attempted to identify the model protein with the lowest cytotoxicity in yeast cells by introducing a new neutrality index. We found that a non-fluorescent fluorescent protein (mox-YG) and an inactive glycolytic enzyme (Gpm1-CCmut) showed the lowest cytotoxicity. These proteins can be expressed at levels exceeding 40% of total protein while maintaining yeast growth. The transcriptome of cells expressing mox-YG to the limit indicated that the cells were in a nitrogen source requirement state. Proteome analysis revealed increased mitochondrial function and decreased ribosome abundance, like the inactivated state of the TORC1 pathway. The decrease in ribosome abundance was presumably due to defective nucleolus formation, partially rescued by a mutation in the nuclear exosome. These findings suggest that massive overexpression of excess protein, termed protein burden, causes nitrogen source starvation, a metabolic shift toward more energy-efficient respiration, and a ribosomal biosynthesis defect due to an imbalance between ribosomal protein and rRNA synthesis in the nucleolus.