bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P4flow: A software-defined networking approach with programmable switches for accounting and forwarding IPv6 packets with user-defined flow label tags
Authors: Misa Moreira Carmen , Martelli Edoardo , Cass Tony 
Published: May 2024

A comprehensive analysis of the HEP (High Energy Physics) experiment traffic across LHCONE (Large Hadron Collider Open Network Environment) and other networks, is essential for immediate network optimisation (for example by the NOTED project) and highly desirable for long-term network planning. Such an analysis requires two steps: tagging of network packets to indicate the type and owner of the traffic being carried and then processing of the tagged packets. The RNTWG (Research Network Technical Working Group) has defined a specification to identify the experiment and the application that originates a given network flow, named scitags (Scientific Network Tags) that is applied to the flow label field of the IPv6 header. We report here on the second step: processing of packets tagged according to this specification.
We developed P4flow as a software-defined networking approach by using P4 (Programming Protocol-Independent Packet Processors), a language for programming the data plane of network devices to accounting and process IPv6 packets with a scitags-based stamp in the flow label field, to understand the network utilisation and the applications used by the WLCG (Worldwide Large Hadron Collider Computing Grid) sites. With P4flow, and exploiting the control plane capabilities provided by RARE/FreeRtr (an Open Source Network Operating System developed by the GÉANT community), we cannot only generate statistics concerning the traffic per experiment and application but can also, using an Intel Tofino P4-programmable ASIC Ethernet Switch, decide how to forward traffic matching defined flow labels. This latter capability is particularly interesting as we prepare for a future where LHC experiments will be sharing network links with other major science collaborations such as SKA and ITER.
ScienceBox 2.0: Evolving the demonstrator package for CERN storage and analysis services
Authors: Bocchi Enrico , Desai Jimil , Alfageme Sainz Samuel 
Published: May 2024

With containers being the de-facto standard to package, distribute, and run applications, Helm charts are on the rise for application deployment in managed clusters (e.g., Kubernetes, OpenShift), providing developers and operators with a rich ecosystem of tools to utilize, as well as the means to configure applications and roll changes out in a programmatic way.
This paper describes the reboot of the ScienceBox project: The containerized software bundle providing the ability to deploy CERN storage and analysis services on any cloud or local infrastructure. While the service offering provided through ScienceBox remains unchanged, we evolved the original implementation to make use of Helm charts across the entire stack and incorporated a major architectural update to CERNBox, replacing the previous PHP backend with a distributed microservices architecture. ScienceBox maintains the flexibility to be deployed in a few clicks for demonstration purposes, or scaled out on managed clusters for the provisioning of a multi-user service. It also removes external dependencies by deploying additional services (e.g., IDP, DBs) and facilitates the configuration of the service stack by providing automated configuration scripts, making the package fully self-contained and easy to use.
Application of performance portability solutions for GPUs and many-core CPUs to track reconstruction kernels
Authors: Kwok Ka Hei Martin , Kortelainen Matti , Cerati Giuseppe , Strelchenko Alexei , Gutsche Oliver , Reinsvold Hall Allison , Lantz Steve , Reid Michael , Riley Daniel , Berkman Sophie , Lee Seyong , Ather Hammad , Norris Boyana , Wang Cong 
Published: May 2024

Next generation High-Energy Physics (HEP) experiments are presented with significant computational challenges, both in terms of data volume and processing power. Using compute accelerators, such as GPUs, is one of the promising ways to provide the necessary computational power to meet the challenge. The current programming models for compute accelerators often involve using architecture-specific programming languages promoted by the hardware vendors and hence limit the set of platforms that the code can run on. Developing software with platform restrictions is especially unfeasible for HEP communities as it takes significant effort to convert typical HEP algorithms into ones that are efficient for compute accelerators. Multiple performance portability solutions have recently emerged and provide an alternative path for using compute accelerators, which allow the code to be executed on hardware from different vendors. We apply several portability solutions, such as Kokkos, SYCL, C++17 std::execution::par, Alpaka, and OpenMP/OpenACC, on two mini-apps extracted from the mkFit project: p2z and p2r. These apps include basic kernels for a Kalman filter track fit, such as propagation and update of track parameters, for detectors at a fixed z or fixed r position, respectively. The two mini-apps explore different memory layout formats.
We report on the development experience with different portability solutions, as well as their performance on GPUs and many-core CPUs, measured as the throughput of the kernels from different GPU and CPU vendors such as NVIDIA, AMD and Intel.
Numerical investigation of the melt pool geometry evolution during selective laser melting of 316L SS
Authors: Ben Slama Mouna , Chatti Sami , Hassine Nada , Kolsi Lioua 
Published: May 2024

In this study, the melt pool size, precisely its width and depth, are numerically investigated for a wide range of values for both laser power and beam speed. A thermal model, developed on Ansys Additive Science, simulates the SLM of a single bead. A parametric study is achieved aiming at understanding the melt pool evolution and the defects appearing while varying these two parameters. The discussed porosity defects, namely the LOF and keyhole, are determined using the calculated melt pool dimensions and through mathematical correlations from the literature. Moreover, these numerical results are validated with experimental results for the reliability of the study. This investigation reveals a proportional relationship between the melt pool size and the laser power and an inversely proportional relationship with the scan speed. The optimal combination of these two parameters has to be well studied to avoid LOF and keyhole, which is afforded by this paper.
At lower laser power levels, such as 100 W, it is advisable to choose a slower scan speed ranging from 400 to 500 mm/s. As the laser power increases, so does the optimal scan speed. For instance, with 150 W, the ideal speed falls between 600 to 900 mm/s. Similarly, for 200 W, the recommended scan speed range extends from 900 to 1200 mm/s, and for 250 W, the optimal speed range lies between 1100 and 1400 mm/s.
Erwartungen und Motive des arbeitsmedizinischen Nachwuchses: eine
quantitative Befragung in fünf deutschen Akademien
Authors: Kaboth Pauline , Makowka Marie , Kämpf Daniel , Efimov Ilona , Droessler Stephanie , Schubert Melanie , Letzel Stephan , Harth Volker , Seidler Andreas 
Published: May 2024

Zusammenfassung
Zielsetzung Die vorliegende Studie soll die Charakteristika angehender
Arbeits- und Betriebsmediziner:innen abbilden sowie deren Erwartungen und Motive
für den Beginn einer arbeitsmedizinischen Weiterbildung untersuchen. Damit wird
eine Grundlage dafür geschaffen, die Attraktivität der präventiv ausgerichteten
betriebsärztlichen Tätigkeit noch weiter zu erhöhen und einem Mangel an Arbeits-
und Betriebsmediziner:innen entgegenzuwirken.
Methodik An fünf Standorten in Deutschland wurden angehende Arbeits- und
Betriebsmediziner:innen zu ihren Erwartungen an die Arbeitsmedizin, zu ihren
Motiven, eine Weiterbildung in der Arbeitsmedizin zu beginnen, und zu ihrer
Einschätzung dieser Weiterbildung hinsichtlich der Qualität befragt. Die
Befragung fand im Zeitraum von 2018 bis 2021 statt. Die erhobenen Daten wurden
deskriptiv ausgewertet. Anhand einer Clusteranalyse wurden die Motive
identifiziert, die Ärzt:innen zu einer arbeitsmedizinischen Weiterbildung
bewegen.
Ergebnisse Von insgesamt 233 befragten Personen war der Großteil weiblich
(68,5%) und im Mittel 43,1 Jahre alt (SD=7,9 Jahre). Die Response an der
Sächsischen Landesärztekammer (SLÄK) lag bei 50% und die an den restlichen vier
Akademien zwischen 18% und 23%. Die Clusteranalyse ergab vier verschiedene
Motive: „Karriere & Interesse“, „Work & Life Balance“,
„Selbstständigkeit“ und „Veränderungswunsch“. Zwei Drittel sprachen sich für
eine stärkere Einbindung des Faches Arbeitsmedizin in das Medizinstudium
aus.
Schlussfolgerung Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass unterschiedliche Motive
Ärzt:innen dazu bewegen, eine arbeitsmedizinische Weiterbildung anzustreben. Auf
diese Motive sollte v. a. bei der Akquise von arbeitsmedizinischem Nachwuchs
eingegangen werden.
Indikation und Kontraindikation videobasierter Psychotherapie: Eine
qualitative Delphi-Befragung zur Erfassung der Reflexions- und Abwägungsprozesse
von Psychotherapeut*innen
Authors: Thurmann Isabelle , Leukhardt Alena , Eichenberg Christiane 
Published: May 2024

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Die Corona-Pandemie zwang viele Psychotherapeut*innen
dazu, einen schnellen Übergang in das Videosetting zu ermöglichen. Auch nach der
akuten Phase der Pandemie sind videobasierte Psychotherapiesitzungen (VP) zu
einem gewissen Anteil in der Praxis bestimmbar, weshalb Indikations- (IN) und
Kontraindikationsempfehlungen (KIN) zur Sicherstellung der Behandlungsqualität
unerlässlich sind. Empirische Untersuchungen fehlen hierzu allerdings nahezu
vollständig. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit sollen Entscheidungs- und Abwägungsprozesse
von Psychotherapeut*innen im Hinblick auf VP erfasst und jene Faktoren
identifiziert werden, die einen Einfluss auf die Indikationsstellung haben
können.
Methodik Zweistufige, qualitativ angelegte Delphi-Befragung mit, als
Expert*innen für die untersuchte Thematik eingestuften psychodynamisch
orientierten Psychotherapeut*innen (PD; n=9) und Verhaltenstherapeut*innen (VT;
n=7), die den Arbeitsfeldern Forschung und Praxis zugeordnet werden können.
Ergebnisse Es zeigte sich, dass die Qualität der therapeutischen Allianz
für die Teilnehmer*innen in der Wahl des Settings handlungsleitend ist. Eine
Indikation für das Videosetting ergibt sich u. a. aus der Durchführbarkeit
therapeutischer Interventionen und dem jeweiligen Behandlungsziel. Die
Therapeut*innen wogen die Kosten und Nutzen des Videosettings für verschiedene
Störungsbilder ab. Das beiderseitig veränderte Gefühl der Kontrolle und die
Möglichkeit der Versorgungsverbesserung spielen dabei eine zentrale Rolle.
Diskussion Auf Grundlage der Ergebnisse wurde ein Entscheidungsbaum für
Psychotherapeut*innen erstellt, welcher die identifizierten Indikationskriterien
aufgreift. Schlüsselwörter: videobasierte Psychotherapie;
Indikationsempfehlungen; Delphi-Befragung; Entscheidungsbaum
Cariprazine Orodispersible Tablet: A New Formulation for
Cariprazine
Authors: Meszár Viktória , Magyar Gabriella , Pásztor Gabriella Mészárosné , Szatmári Balázs , Péter Krisztina , Marton Lívia , Dombi Zsófia B. , Barabássy Ágota 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
IntroductionCariprazine is an atypical dopamine receptor partial agonist
antipsychotic available in the form of capsules. Although capsules are one of
the most desirable routes of administration, there are certain situations
(e. g., in an acute psychiatric setting, or when swallowing difficulties, or
liquid shortages are present) when they cannot be administered. Therefore,
alternative solutions like orodispersible tablets are needed. This study aimed
to investigate the bioequivalence of a newly developed orodispersible tablet to
the commercially available hard gelatine capsule of cariprazine 1.5 mg.
MethodsThis was a phase I, open-label, randomized, single-dose
bioequivalence study. It had a 2-period, 2-sequence, cross-over design, where
each subject received one test and one reference product in a randomized
sequence, separated by a wash-out period of 55 days. Blood sampling was
performed over 72 h after dosing. Cariprazine concentrations were analyzed by a
validated HPLC-MS/MS method. Standard bioequivalence statistics was applied to
PK parameters calculated by non-compartmental analysis. Safety measures were
analyzed descriptively.
ResultPharmacokinetic data of 43 healthy volunteers and safety data of 54
subjects was analyzed. Cariprazine AUC0–72h and Cmax
geometric mean ratios were 117.76% and 100.88%, respectively. The 90% confidence
intervals were within the pre-defined bioequivalence acceptance limits of 80.00%
– 125.00%. Safety data was in line with the Summary of Product Characteristics
of Cariprazine.
Discussion The result of this clinical trial proved the bioequivalence of
the new orodispersible tablet formulation when compared to hard gelatine
capsules, enabling an alternative option for treatment of those suffering from
schizophrenia.
Pentoxifylline as a Novel Add-on Therapy for Major Depressive
Disorder in Adult Patients: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled
Trial
Authors: Merza Mohammad Talar A. , Merza Mohammad Tavgah A. , Salman Dyar M. , Jaafar Halmat M. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background Evidence indicates an association between immune dysregulation
and major depressive disorder (MDD). Pentoxifylline (PTX), a phosphodiesterase
inhibitor, has been shown to reduce pro-inflammatory activities. The aim of this
study was to evaluate changes in depressive symptoms and pro-inflammatory
markers after administration of PTX as an adjunctive agent to citalopram in
patients with MDD.
Methods One hundred patients were randomly assigned to either citalopram
(20 mg/day) plus placebo (twice daily) (n=50) or citalopram (20 mg/day) plus PTX
(400 mg) (twice daily) (n=50). The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale-17
(HAM-D-17) scores at baseline, weeks 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 and serum levels of
interleukin1-β (IL-1-β), tumor necrosis factor-α, C-reactive protein, IL-6,
serotonin, IL-10, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) at baseline and
week 12 were evaluated.
Results HAM-D-17 score in the PTX group significantly reduced in
comparison to the control group after weeks 4, 6, 8,10, and 12 ((LSMD): − 2.193,
p=0.021; − 2.597, p=0.036; − 2.916, p=0.019; − 4.336, p=0.005; and − 4.087,
p=0.008, respectively). Patients who received PTX had a better response (83%)
and remission rate (79%) compared to the placebo group (49% and 40%, p=0.006 and
p=0.01, respectively). Moreover, the reduction in serum concentrations of
pro-inflammatory factors and increase in serotonin and BDNF in the PTX group was
significantly greater than in the placebo group (p<0.001).
Conclusion These findings support the safety and efficacy of PTX as an
adjunctive antidepressant agent with anti-inflammatory effects in patients with
MDD.
Serum Uric Acid Combined with Homocysteine as a Predictive Biomarker
of Lupus Nephritis
Authors: Zhang Juan , Tian Jingjing , Wang Xiaoyuan , Shen Haili 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSerum uric acid (UA) and homocysteine (Hcy) are potential biomarkers of systemic
lupus erythematosus (SLE). In this study, the expressions of UA and Hcy in SLE
patients and the predictive value of these two parameters for lupus nephritis
(LN) were studied. A total of 476 SLE patients were recruited to this
case-control study, of which 176 SLE patients diagnosed with LN and 300 without
LN. Serum UA and Hcy levels were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression
analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between serum UA and Hcy and LN.
The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to predict the role
of combination of serum UA and Hcy in LN. We found that serum UA and Hcy levels
in SLE patients with LN were significantly higher than those in controls
(p<0.05). Multivariate logistic regressions showed that serum UA (OR+=+1.003,
95+% CI: 1.001–1.006, p+=+0.003), apolipoprotein B (Apo B) (OR+=+21.361, 95+%
CI: 2.312–195.373, p+=+0.007) and Hcy (OR+=+1.042, 95+% CI: 1.011–1.080,
p+=+0.014) were independent markers of LN. Combined serum UA and Hcy revealed a
better result (AUC+=+0.718, 95+% CI: 0.670–0.676, p<0.001) in prediction of
LN compared to that of the serum UA (AUC+=+0.710) and Hcy (AUC+=+0.657)
independently. In conclusion, serum UA and Hcy could be predictive biomarkers of
LN, and joint detection of serum UA and Hcy might be useful in the clinical
setting.
Advancements in Non-Dopaminergic Treatments for Schizophrenia: A
Systematic Review of Pipeline Developments
Authors: Komatsu Yuki , Takehara Moe , Hart Xenia , Takahashi Yuna , Hori Satoko , Ueno Fumihiko , Uchida Hiroyuki 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Introduction Conventional antipsychotic drugs that attenuate dopaminergic
neural transmission are ineffective in approximately one-third of patients with
schizophrenia. This necessitates the development of non-dopaminergic agents.
Methods A systematic search was conducted for completed phase II and III
trials of compounds for schizophrenia treatment using the US Clinical Trials
Registry and the EU Clinical Trials Register. Compounds demonstrating
significant superiority over placebo in the primary outcome measure in the
latest phase II and III trials were identified. Collateral information on the
included compounds was gathered through manual searches in PubMed and press
releases.
Results Sixteen compounds were identified; four compounds (ulotaront,
xanomeline/trospium chloride, vabicaserin, and roluperidone) were investigated
as monotherapy and the remaining 12 (pimavanserin, bitopertin, BI 425809,
encenicline, tropisetron, pregnenolone, D-serine, estradiol, tolcapone,
valacyclovir, cannabidiol, and rimonabant) were examined as add-on therapy.
Compared to the placebo, ulotaront, xanomeline/trospium chloride, vabicaserin,
bitopertin, estradiol, cannabidiol, rimonabant, and D-serine showed efficacy for
positive symptoms; roluperidone and pimavanserin were effective for negative
symptoms; and encenicline, tropisetron, pregnenolone, tolcapone, BI 425809, and
valacyclovir improved cognitive function.
Discussion Compounds that function differently from existing antipsychotics
may offer novel symptom-specific therapeutic strategies for patients with
schizophrenia.
No Skin Paddle, No Problem: Burying Deep Inferior Epigastric Artery Flaps in the Immediate Setting is Safe in Select Patient Populations
Authors: Lignieres Austin , Andejani Doaa F. , Chu Carrie K. , Largo Rene D. , Mericli Alexander F. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background In appropriately selected patients, it may be possible to fully bury breast free flaps deep to the mastectomy skin flaps. Because this practice forgoes the incorporation of a monitoring skin paddle for the flap, and thus limits the ability for physical exam, it may be associated with an increased risk of flap loss or other perfusion-related complications, such as fat necrosis. We hypothesized that fully de-epithelialized breast free flaps were not associated with an increased complication rate and reduced the need for future revision surgery.
Methods A single-institution retrospective review of 206 deep inferior epigastric artery (DIEP) flaps in 142 patients was performed between June 2016 and September 2021. Flaps were grouped into buried or nonburied categories based on the absence or presence of a monitoring paddle. Patient-reported outcomes were assessed postoperatively using the BREAST-Q breast reconstruction module. Electronic medical record data included demographics, comorbidities, flap characteristics, complications, and revision surgery.
Results The buried flap patients (N = 46) had a lower median body mass index (26.9 vs 30.3, p = 0.04) and a lower rate of hypertension (19.5 vs. 37.5%, p = 0.04) compared with nonburied flap patients (N = 160). Burying flaps was more likely to be adopted in skin-sparing mastectomy or nipple-sparing mastectomy (p = 0.001) and in an immediate or a delayed–immediate fashion (p = 0.009). There was one flap loss in the nonburied group; complication rates were similar. There was a significantly greater revision rate in the nonburied flap patients (92 vs. 70%; p = 0.002). Buried flap patients exhibited a greater satisfaction with breasts (84.5 ± 13.4 vs. 73.9 ± 21.4; p = 0.04) and sexual satisfaction (73.1 ± 22.4 vs. 53.7 ± 29.7; p = 0.01) compared with nonburied flap patients.
Conclusion Burying breast free flaps in appropriately selected patients does not appear to have a higher complication rate when compared with flaps with an externalized monitoring paddle. Furthermore, this modification may be associated with a better immediate aesthetic outcome and improved patient satisfaction, as evidenced by a lower rate of revision surgery and superior BREAST-Q scores among buried DIEP flaps.
Retention of endoscopic capsules in diverticula: Literature review of a capsule endoscopy rarity
Authors: Thorndal Camilla , Selnes Ola , Lei Ian Io , Schostek Sebastian , Koulaouzidis Anastasios 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background and study aims This review aimed to provide an updated
and comprehensive review of capsule retention within diverticula, shedding light on the
characteristics and management of this rare event in capsule endoscopy.
Methods A systematic literature search was conducted across
multiple databases. All observational studies that reported capsule retention in a
diverticulum among complication and outcomes, as well as case reports and series, were
included. Manual cross-checking of references was also performed. Two extractors performed
abstract and full-text reviews, as well as data-extraction.
Results We found 167 references from Pubmed, Embase, and Web Of
Science. Sixty-five duplicates were removed and another 71 references were excluded.
Crosschecking of references found additional two articles. In total, 32 articles were
included, resulting in a total of 34 cases of retained capsules in diverticula. The median age
was 69 and the majority of the patients were male (76.5%). The most common retention occurred
in Meckel’s diverticulum (32.4%) followed by Zenker’s diverticulum (20.6%). Investigation of
capsule retention was done with x-ray (50%) and computed tomography (CT) scan (44.1%).
Seventeen cases (50%) were asymptomatic. Resolution of the retention happened with endoscopy
(35.3%) and surgical management (32.4%), as well as self-resolution (20.6%).
Conclusions Due to the small number of cases, diverticula are not
a risk factor for incomplete capsule endoscopy examination. It affects mainly elderly, male,
asymptomatic patients, and typically is diagnosed with x-rays and CT scans. The most common
type is Meckel’s diverticulum, and endoscopy is the primary management. Capsule endoscopy
retentions are extremely rare, with only 34 cases reported since the technology's
introduction.
Syntheses of 7a-Substituted Pyrrolizidine Derivatives via Stereocontrolled Anionic Cyclization
Authors: Huang Fangzhi , Chen Yue-Lei , Ming Hongjun , He Darong , Si Shengmeng , Xu Chao , Yuan Yunge , Tian Xiaoran , Hu Zhigang , Li Shikuo , Zhang Hui 
Published: May 2024

AbstractStarting from inexpensive proline and epichlorohydrin, a pivotal stereocontrolled anionic cyclization reaction paves the way for a robust and adaptable methodology to produce stereoisomers of 7a-substituted pyrrolizidine derivatives. This process yields intriguing 7a-hydroxymethyl pyrrolizidine derivatives, among them valuable trans-(2-fluorohexahydro-1H-pyrrolizin-7a-yl)methanol, which is attainable through multiple steps.