bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonmotor Symptoms in Parkinsons Disease: Its Relationship with Age of Onset, Duration and Stage of Disease and the Dose and Duration of Levodopa Usage
Authors: Ali M Ahmed , Haque Anisul , Anwarulla AKM , Ahmad Quamruddin 
Published: September 2009

Parkinson's disease is a disease of motor manifestations but non-motor symptoms are also common in Parkinson's disease. Little emphasis is put on non-motor symptoms of PD and there is little data on the relationship of non-motor symptoms to different aspects of the patient and the disease. In this study the relationship of non-motor symptoms to age at onset, duration and stage of the disease, and dose and duration of levodopa use are studied.128 patients of PD were studied for non-motor symptoms. 111 patients had different types of sensory, autonomic or psychiatric symptoms. Sensory and autonomic symptoms were significantly more common in patients with early age of disease onset and more prolonged duration of the disease, but psychiatric symptoms had no relationship with these factors. In this study it was also found that the frequencies of non-motor symptoms were related to the stage of the disease, longer the duration of the disease more and more non-motor symptoms appear so that 100% patients in stage 5 of the disease had non-motor symptoms. Also sensory and autonomic symptoms were significantly more common in patients with longer duration and higher dose of levodopa use but psychiatric symptoms were significantly commoner in patients with prolonged duration of levodopa use but not to dose of levodopa used. doi: 10.3329/taj.v21i1.3211 TAJ 2008; 21(1): 12-17
Comparison of Transabdominal and Transvaginal Sonography in Folicular Monitoring
Authors: Nahar Ziban , Islam AHMT , Akter Hasina , Lovely N Atia 
Published: September 2009

Transabdominal sonography (TAS) and Transvaginal sonography (TVS) were compared for follicular monitoring in 62 patients of infertility. These patients were referred for follicular monitoring in normal and stimulated cycles from infertility clinic. Patients' compliance and acceptance was excellent for TVS technique as compared to TAS technique. The overall resolution of ovarian and follicular anatomy was much better in TVS. With TAS only 25.5% had good visualization of follicles as compared to 84.8% (p<0.05) in TVS. TVS offered advantage of much better detection rate of smaller follicles (< 10 mm) and higher accuracy in assessing number of follicles. doi: 10.3329/taj.v21i1.3215 TAJ 2008; 21(1): 31-34
Morbidity and Mortality of Low Birth Weight Baby
Authors: Bari MI , Ullah MA , Khatun M 
Published: September 2009

This was a prospective study conducted in a cohort of live normal full term singleton newborns delivered in Rajshahi Medical College Hospital with the objective to explore their early neonatal health as well as the role of low birth weight on it. A total 770 live normal newborns were Included in this study. For data collection APGAR Score Estimating Checklist and one protested structured questionnaire were used. Simple descriptive as well as analytical techniques including Chi-square t test were done. The results of this study suggested that low weight (LBW) babies were more prone to develop early neonatal morbidity and mortality than normal birth weight (NBW) babies. LBW infants needed more resuscitation and responded less to resuscitative effort than the infants of NBW. Birth asphyxia was the commonest cause of early neonatal morbidity and mortality. doi: 10.3329/taj.v21i1.3216 TAJ 2008; 21(1): 35-39
Clinico-Pathological Profile of Liver Abscess in a Teaching Hospital
Authors: Siddiqui MN Alom , Ahad M Abdul , Ekram ARM Saifuddin , Islam Q Tarikul , Hoque M Azizul , Masum QAAI 
Published: September 2009

The study was conducted to assess the clinico-pathological profile of 50 liver abscess cases. This study showed that liver abscess is more common in male than in female. In present study Amoebic Liver Abscess (ALA) is much more common than Pyogenic Liver Abscess (PLA) and almost all the cases belonged to low or medium socio-economic class from rural areas. This may be due to poor living conditions, over crowding and unhygienic practices which leads to fecal contamination of food and drinks which help in transmission of amoeba. Liver abscess has correlation with consumption of indigenous alcohol. Ultrasonogram is an easy, widely available non-invasive and dependable investigation to diagnose liver abscess. In the absence of sophisticated investigations (e.g. Serum antibody against amoeba) at hand, only aspiration and study of pus is a good guide to confirm and to differentiate ALA from PLA. Complications like recurrence, pleuro-peritoneal involvement or rupture of the abscess are not common. doi: 10.3329/taj.v21i1.3218 TAJ 2008; 21(1): 44-49
Etiology of Upper Gastrointestinal Haemorrhage in a Teaching Hospital
Authors: Ahmed M Uddin , Ahad M Abdul , Alim MA , Ekram ARM Saifuddin , Masum Q Abdullah Al , Tanu Sumona , Uddin Refaz 
Published: September 2009

A descriptive study on all cases of haematemesis and or melaena was carried out at Rajshahi Medical College Hospital to observe the demographic profile, clinical presentation, cause and outcome of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in a tertiary hospital of Bangladesh. Fifty adult patients presenting with haematemesis and or melaena admitted consecutively into medical unit were evaluated through proper history taking, thorough clinical examination, endoscopic examination with in 48 hours of first presentation and other related investigations. Patients those who were not stabilized haemodynamically with in 48 hours of resuscitation and endoscopy could not be done with in that period were excluded from this study.Results our results showed that out of 50 patients 44 were male and 6 were female and average age of the patients was 39.9 years. Most of the patients were from low socio-economic condition. Farmers, service holders and laborers were the most (57%) affected group. Haematemesis and melaena (42%), only melaena (42%) and only haematemesis (16%) were the presenting features. Endoscopy revealed that duodenal ulcer (34%) was the most common cause of UGI bleeding followed by rupture of portal varices (16%) , neoplasm (10%) , gastric ulcer (08%) and gastric erosion (06%).Acute upper GI bleeding is a common medical problem that is responsible for significant morbidity and mortality. The extensive clinical spectrum of gastrointestinal bleeding may encompass many different clinical scenarios. It is often very difficult to find out the cause and site of bleeding. We find that though cases of ruptured oesophageal varices were increasing, still peptic ulcer disease is the leading cause of haematemesis and melaena. doi: 10.3329/taj.v21i1.3220 TAJ 2008; 21(1): 53-57
Pattern of Anorectal Disorders in Surgical Practice in Rajshahi
Authors: Sarkar H , Hassan M , Laila RN 
Published: September 2009

Anorectal disorders include a diverse group of pathological disorders that generate significant patient discomfort and disability. Their prevalence in the general population is probably much higher than that seen in clinical practice, since most patients with symptoms referable to the anorectum do not seek medical attention. Although many anorectal conditions are benign & easily treatable, patients may delay seeking medical advice because of embarrassment or fear of cancer. Both malignant and non malignant conditions often present as advanced disease, requiring more extensive treatment and causing greater patients distress than if conditions had been adequately diagnosed and managed at an earlier stage. This article will highlight predominant symptoms of anorectal conditions and to reveal common anorectal conditions only by D/R/E & proctoscopy. This review will also evaluate current diagnostic and therapeutic methods and establish guidelines for subspecialty referral. In this prospective Study 714 patient with anorectal symptoms were examined, 71.7% were male & 28.29% were female. So male female ratio was M: F=2.5:1. 40.06% patients were within 21-30 years old. The most common symptom was per rectal bleeding (63.59%) & the second common symptom was anal pain (56.16%). The most common anorectal disorder was internal hemorrhoid 60.22% & the second one was anal fissure (50.42%). A large percentage of patients (27.17%) have both hemorrhoid and anal fissure. 98.6% disorders were benign and only 1.4% were malignant. doi: 10.3329/taj.v21i1.3223 TAJ 2008; 21(1): 69-72
Massive Subcutaneous Emphysema during Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: Moosa ASM , Islam M Baharul , Akther Shahina , Rahman M Latifur , Ahmed Nazim Uddin 
Published: September 2009

Laparoscopic surgical techniques are increasingly being applied to treat cholelithiasis and other indications of gallbladder diseases. These procedures however are not without potential morbidity. Herein we describe two patients treated with laparoscopic cholecystectomy; those cases were complicated with subcutaneous emphysema and hypercarbia per-operatively. After discontinuation of pneumoperitoneum, saturation of partial pressure of oxygen (SpO2) gradually increased with improvement of the neck subcutaneous emphysema, at the same time the lung ventilation also improved. Our findings show that we have to stop pneumoperitoneum or decrease partial pressure of end carbon dioxide level immediately, when we find a sudden increase of the peak airway pressure or decrease SpO2 with subcutaneous emphysema during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. doi: 10.3329/taj.v21i1.3225 TAJ 2008; 21(1): 77-79
Ethical Issues of Organ Transplantation in Islam
Authors: Kamal M Mostafa 
Published: September 2009

Scientists and clinicians must become familiar with the factors that affect the emotional, physical, and spiritual health of their patients that are outside the ken of the traditionally dominant value systems. Although many researchers have addressed the cultural and ethnical factors, very few have considered the impact of religion. Islam, as the largest and fastestgrowing religion in the world, has adherents throughout the world, presents a complete moral, ethical, and medical framework, while it sometimes concurs conflicts with the conventional and secular ethical framework. This paper introduces to the Islamic principles of ethics in organ transplantation involving human subject to address issues of religion and religious ethics. Historical reflections are discussed as to why Muslim thinkers were late to consider contemporary medical issues such as organ donation. Islam respects life and values need of the living over the dead, thus allowing organ donation to be considered in certain circumstances. The sources of Islamic law are discussed in brief to see how the parameters of organ transplantation are derived. The Islamic perception, both Shiite and Sunni, is examined in relation to organ donation and its various sources. The advantages and disadvantages of brain dead and cadaveric donation are reviewed with technical and ethical considerations. The Islamic concept of brain death, informed and proxy consent are also discussed. The concept of rewarded donation as a way to alleviate the shortage of organs available for transplantation is assessed. doi: 10.3329/taj.v21i1.3230 TAJ 2008; 21(1): 97-103
Overview: Generation of Gene Knockout Mice
Authors: Hall Bradford , Limaye Advait , Kulkarni Ashok B. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThe technique of gene targeting allows for the introduction of engineered genetic mutations into a mouse at a determined genomic locus. The process of generating mouse models with targeted mutations was developed through both the discovery of homologous recombination and the isolation of murine embryonic stem cells (ES cells). Homologous recombination is a DNA repair mechanism that is employed in gene targeting to insert a designed mutation into the homologous genetic locus. Targeted homologous recombination can be performed in murine ES cells through electroporation of a targeting construct. These ES cells are totipotent and, when injected into a mouse blastocyst, they can differentiate into all cell types of a chimeric mouse. A chimeric mouse harboring cells derived from the targeted ES cell clone can then generate a whole mouse containing the desired targeted mutation. The initial step for the generation of a mouse with a targeted mutation is the construction of an efficient targeting vector that will be introduced into the ES cells.Curr. Protoc. Cell Biol. 44:19.12.1‐19.12.17. © 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Manipulation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells for Knockout Mouse Production
Authors: Limaye Advait , Hall Bradford , Kulkarni Ashok B. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThe establishment of mouse embryonic stem (ES) cell lines has allowed for the gene?ration of the knockout mouse. ES cells that are genetically altered in culture can then be manipulated to derive a whole mouse containing the desired mutation. To successfully generate a knockout mouse, however, the ES cells must be carefully cultivated in a pluripotent state throughout the gene‐targeting experiment. This unit describes detailed step‐by‐step protocols, reagents, equipment, and strategies needed for the successful generation of gene knockout embryonic stem cells using homologous recombination technologies. Curr. Protoc. Cell Biol. 44:19.13.1‐19.13.24. © 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Severe iron overload in Blackfan‐Diamond anemia: A case‐control study
Authors: Roggero Simona , Quarello Paola , Vinciguerra Tiziana , Longo Filomena , Piga Antonio , Ramenghi Ugo 
Published: September 2009

AbstractChronic iron overload is a serious complication in transfusion‐dependent patients. Few studies have addressed this issue in Diamond‐Blackfan anemia (DBA). We describe a retrospective analysis of iron overload, and its related complications in 31 transfusion‐dependent Italian DBA patients whose records included one or more evaluation of liver iron concentration (LIC) by means of noninvasive magnetic liver susceptometry with a superconductive quantum interference device (SQUID). This cohort is also matched with a group of transfusion‐dependent β‐thalassemia major patients to look for differences. A severe iron overload was observed in 54% patients, especially among those inadequately chelated. The DBA patients displayed a significantly higher LIC than the regularly chelated β‐thalassemics. This difference may have been attributable to nonoptimal chelation (late onset, type, dose, prescription, and compliance), or an unknown biological mechanism that lead to an early severe iron overload. We therefore suggest that all transfusion patients should have an accurate record of their iron intake, a regular monitoring of iron overload, in order to start chelation when a critical transfusion load is reached, and to test the efficacy/compliance of chelation treatment. Physicians taking care of transfusion‐dependent DBA patients must be concerned about the frequent and early complications such as cardiac toxicity. Am. J. Hematol., 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prodromal myeloproliferative neoplasms: The 2008 WHO classification
Authors: Kvasnicka Hans Michael , Thiele Juergen 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThe concept of prodromal chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms has been endorsed by the WHO classification implicating a stepwise evolution of disease. Histology of the bone marrow (BM) and borderline to mildly expressed clinical features play a pivotal role for diagnosing prefibrotic‐early primary myelofibrosis. By lowering the platelet count for essential thrombocythemia and regarding BM morphology, early manifestations are tackled. Pre‐polycythemic stages of polycythemia vera with a low hemoglobin level at onset are diagnosed by positive JAK2V617F mutation status, a low erythropoietin value, and characteristic BM features. The revised WHO classification incorporates hematological, morphological, and moleculargenetic parameters to generate a consensus‐based working diagnosis. Am. J. Hematol., 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Predictors of delayed return to work after back injury: A case–control analysis of union carpenters in Washington State
Authors: Kucera Kristen L. , Lipscomb Hester J. , Silverstein Barbara , Cameron Wilfred 
Published: September 2009

AbstractMethodsUnion administrative records identified 20,642 union carpenters who worked in Washington State from 1989 to 2003. The Department of Labor and Industries provided records of workers' compensation claims and associated medical care. Work‐related back claims (n = 4,241) were identified by ANSI codes (back, trunk, or neck/back) or ICD‐9 codes relevant to medical care consistent with a back injury. Cases (n = 738) were defined as back injury claims with >90 days of paid lost time; controls (n = 699) resulted in return to work within 30 days. Logistic regression models estimated odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (OR, 95% CI) of delayed return to work (DRTW).ResultsThirty percent of case claims and 8% of control claims were identified by an ICD‐9 code. DRTW after back injury was associated with being female (2.7, 95% CI: 1.3–5.5), age 30–44 (1.2, 95% CI: 0.9–1.7) and age over 45 (1.6, 95% CI: 1.1–2.3), four or more years union experience (1.4, 95% CI: 1.1–1.8), previous paid time loss back claim (1.8, 95% CI: 1.3–2.5), and ≥30‐day delay to medical care (3.6, 95% CI: 2.1, 6.1). Evidence of more acute trauma was also associated with DRTW.ConclusionsUse of ICD‐9 codes identified claims with multiple injuries that would otherwise not be captured by ANSI codes alone. Though carpenters of younger age and inexperience were at increased risk for a paid lost time back injury claim, older carpenters and more experienced workers, once injured, were more likely to have DRTW as were those who experienced acute events. Am. J. Ind. Med. 52:821–830, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Health, medication use, and agricultural injury: A review
Authors: Voaklander Donald C. , Umbarger‐Mackey Michelle L. , Wilson Michael L. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractBackgroundAgricultural work in the United States and Canada continues to be one of the most dangerous vocations. Surveillance evidence suggests that older farmers (>60 years of age) are at greater risk of serious injury than their younger counterparts. The purpose of this article was to outline illnesses and medications that may contribute to older farmers' increased risk of agricultural injury and to determine a minimum set of health‐related covariates that could be used in farm injury studies.MethodsA review of English language literature in Medline, CINAHL, and NIOSH databases was conducted examining disease and medication factors related to farm injury.ResultsHealth‐ and disease‐related factors most commonly reported as significantly contributing to agricultural injury included previous injury, hearing problems, depression, arthritis, and sleep deprivation. The use of “any medication” was identified as a significant risk factor for injury in a number of studies. The use of sleep medication was significantly related to injury in two studies.ConclusionsBased on the findings, it is recommended that at a minimum, researchers collect information on the prevalence of previous injury, hearing problems, depression, arthritis/muscular‐skeletal problems and sleep disturbance as these have been identified as significant risk factors in a number of studies. In addition, where subjects that identify any of these afflictions, further information should be sought on any medications used in their treatment which can add data on disease severity. More research and surveillance activities need to be focused on the older farm worker. This population is critical to the maintenance of the agricultural base in North America and health and safety research initiatives need to address this. By integrating research from the fields of gerontology, occupational health and safety, and injury prevention, innovative interventions could be constructed to assist the aging farmer in the continuation of safe farming. Am. J. Ind. Med. 52:876–889, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Learning dynamic information needs: A collaborative topic variation inspection approach
Authors: Wu I‐Chin , Liu Duen‐Ren , Chang Pei‐Cheng 
Published: September 2009

AbstractFor projects in knowledge‐intensive domains, it is crucially important that knowledge management systems are able to track and infer workers' up‐to‐date information needs so that task‐relevant information can be delivered in a timely manner. To put a worker's dynamic information needs into perspective, we propose a topic variation inspection model to facilitate the application of an implicit relevance feedback (IRF) algorithm and collaborative filtering in user modeling. The model analyzes variations in a worker's task‐needs for a topic (i.e., personal topic needs) over time, monitors changes in the topics of collaborative actors, and then adjusts the worker's profile accordingly. We conducted a number of experiments to evaluate the efficacy of the model in terms of precision, recall, and F‐measure. The results suggest that the proposed collaborative topic variation inspection approach can substantially improve the performance of a basic profiling method adapted from the classical RF algorithm. It can also improve the accuracy of other methods when a worker's information needs are vague or evolving, i.e., when there is a high degree of variation in the worker's topic‐needs. Our findings have implications for the design of an effective collaborative information filtering and retrieval model, which is crucial for reusing an organization's knowledge assets effectively.
Anion–Anion Proton Transfer in Hydrogen Bonded Complexes
Authors: Gale Philip A. , Hiscock Jennifer R. , Moore Stephen J. , Caltagirone Claudia , Hursthouse Michael B. , Light Mark E. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractComplexation of dihydrogen phosphate by an anion receptor containing six hydrogen bond donor groups has been shown to reduce the pKa of the bound anionic species to such an extent that addition of further aliquots of dihydrogen phosphate result in deprotonation of the bound species with the resultant formation of a monohydrogen phosphate receptor complex. X‐ray crystallographic studies confirm monohydrogen phosphate complex formation in the solid state. In this way, this study explains the formation of complexes with unusual stoichiometries when investigating the binding of dihydrogenphosphate anion to hydrogen‐bonding receptors.
A weighting proposal for an ensemble of regional climate models over Europe driven by 1961–2000 ERA40 based on monthly precipitation probability density functions
Authors: Sánchez E. , Romera R. , Gaertner M. A. , Gallardo C. , Castro M. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractPresent climate over Europe is simulated by 12 regional climate models (RCMs), forced by ERA40 reanalysis. A method is proposed to score models from the 1961–1990 monthly precipitation cumulative density functions (CDFs) for each season and eight chosen subregions, compared with the CRU observational database. Ensemble CDF curves compare well against observations for all the subregions and seasons. Higher percentiles (heavy precipitation amounts) show a larger spread among results. Important differences in scores are obtained among models, regions and seasons. Applying the scores to compute 1991–2000 weighted ensemble precipitation, results are slightly closer to observations than the direct (unweighted) ensemble, and some cases show a larger improvement. Copyright © 2009 Royal Meteorological Society