bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a castrate resistant transplant tumor model of prostate cancer
Authors: Ellis Leigh , Lehet Kristin , Ramakrishnan Swathi , Adelaiye Remi , Pili Roberto 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBACKGROUNDCurrently, limited mouse models that mimic the clinical course of castrate resistant prostate development currently exist. Such mouse models are urgently required to conduct pre‐clinical studies to assist in the understanding of disease progression and the development of rational therapeutic strategies to treat castrate resistant prostate cancer.METHODSWild type intact FVB male mice were injected by subcutaneous injection with Myc‐CaP cells to establish androgen sensitive Myc‐CaP tumors. Tumor bearing mice were castrated and resulting tumors serially passaged in pre‐castrated FVB male mice to produce a bone fide Myc‐CaP castrate resistant tumor.RESULTSImmunohistochemical analysis revealed that initial androgen sensitive Myc‐CaP tumors had strong nuclear transcriptional active androgen receptor expression, as indicated by marked c‐MYC staining and were highly proliferative. Castration of tumor bearing animals resulted in cytoplasmic relocation of androgen receptor concurrent with loss of transcriptional activity and tumor proliferation. Serial passaging of castrate refractory Myc‐CaP in pre‐castrated male FVB mice resulted in the development of a bona fide castrate resistant Myc‐CaP tumor which pheno‐copied the original androgen sensitive parental Myc‐CaP tumor.CONCLUSIONSDeveloping a murine castrate transplant resistant tumor model that mimics the clinical course of human castrate resistant prostate cancer will create better opportunities to understand the development of castrate resistant prostate cancer and also allow for more rapid pre‐clinical studies to stratify rational novel therapies for this lethal form of prostate cancer. Prostate 72:587–591, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mating disruption for the control of Aonidiella aurantii Maskell (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) may contribute to increased effectiveness of natural enemies
Authors: Vacas Sandra , Vanaclocha Pilar , Alfaro Cristina , Primo Jaime , Verdú María Jesús , Urbaneja Alberto , Navarro‐Llopis Vicente 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND: New directives on sustainable use of pesticides have encouraged research on efficient alternative pest control methods. In the case of the California red scale (CRS), Aonidiella aurantii (Maskell), this imperative, along with the many difficulties in controlling this pest, have led to the investigation of new approaches. Previously developed mating disruption (MD) dispensers, together with the augmentative releases of the parasitoid Aphytis melinus DeBach, are here considered as a combined strategy for use against A. aurantii.RESULTS: Efficacy of MD was demonstrated by a mean reduction of 80% in CRS male catches and a mean fruit damage reduction of 83% compared with the control. A delay in the development of A. aurantii instars was observed in the MD plot. This delay increased the period of exposure of the susceptible instars to natural enemies, which resulted in higher predation and parasitism levels in the MD plot. Under laboratory conditions, A. melinus mating behaviour and effects on A. aurantii were not significantly altered in a CRS‐pheromone‐saturated environment.CONCLUSION: Mating disruption pheromone did not affect the behaviour or level of parasitism by A. melinus or the incidence of other generalist predators. Therefore, A. aurantii pheromone appears to be compatible with augmentative releases and biological control, making its use a good strategy for CRS management. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Effects of surface treatments and application shanks on nematode, pathogen and weed control with 1,3‐dichloropropene
Authors: Jhala Amit J , Gao Suduan , Gerik James S , Qin Ruijun , Hanson Bradley D 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND: Preplant fumigation with methyl bromide (MeBr) has been used for control of soilborne pests in high‐value annual, perennial and nursery crops, but is being phased out. In 2007 and 2008, research trials were conducted to evaluate the effects of surface treatments and two application shanks on pest control with 1,3‐dicloropropene (1,3‐D) in perennial crop nurseries.RESULTS: All 1,3‐D treatments controlled nematodes similarly to MeBr. Application of 1,3‐D with virtually impermeable film (VIF) reduced Fusarium oxysporum compared with unfumigated plots, but was not as effective as MeBr. Applications of 1,3‐D with VIF or 1,3‐D followed by metam sodium reduced Pythium spp., but 1,3‐D followed by intermittent water seals was comparable with the untreated plots. When sealed with high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) film or VIF, 1,3‐D generally was as effective as MeBr for reducing weed density and total weed biomass, but weed control was reduced by intermittent water seals and in unsealed plots subsequently re‐treated with additional 1,3‐D or metam sodium.CONCLUSION: Applications of 1,3‐D sealed with HDPE or VIF film or with intermittent water seals can control nematodes similarly to MeBr. However, additional management practices may be needed for effective pathogen and weed control if plastic film is not used. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Sensitization mechanisms of 1 µm luminescence in Tb3+–Yb3+ co‐doped borate glasses
Authors: Ueda Jumpei , Tanabe Setsuhisa 
Published: July 2011

AbstractTb3+–Yb3+ co‐doped borate glasses were prepared and the ultraviolet/visible sensitization of infrared luminescence of Yb3+ has been evaluated by the photoluminescence (PL), the PL excitation (PLE) spectra, and the lifetime measurement. The Tb3+: 5D4–7FJ luminescence in visible range and the Yb3+: 2F5/2–2F7/2 luminescence at 1000 nm were observed upon the excitation of Tb3+: 4f levels by 378 and 488 nm. On the basis of the difference in behavior of the Yb3+ concentration dependence of the integrated PL intensity and lifetimes of the Yb3+:2F7/2 level by UV and blue excitations, the energy transfer (ET) paths by the UV, and blue excitation are different. The intervalence charge transfer (IVCT) band between the Tb3+–Yb3+ pair were observed in the PLE spectra monitoring the Yb3+ emission. We conclude that the ET is caused through the IVCT state by the UV excitation and the ET upon the 5D4 level excitation of Tb3+ by 488 nm is caused by phonon assisted ET or cooperative downconversion.
Effects of Ephedra Water Decoction and Cough Tablets containing Ephedra and Liquorice on CYP1A2 and the Pharmacokinetics of Theophylline in Rats
Authors: Tang Jingling , Zhou Xiaoyan , Ji Hongyu , Zhu Daling , Wu Linhua 
Published: July 2011

Ephedra water decoction (EWD) and cough tablets containing ephedra and liquorice (maxing cough tablets, MXCT) have been used widely in the treatment of asthma. In the clinic, EWD and MXCT may be prescribed with theophylline, one of the most popular antiasthmatic drugs and a typical substrate of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A2. So in the present study the potential effects of EWD and MXCT on CYP1A2 activity and the pharmacokinetics of theophylline in rats were evaluated.In the in vivo CYP1A2 activity research, the rats were given oral caffeine (10 mg/kg) after a 14 day pretreatment with EWD (18 g/kg) and MXCT (0.1, 0.2 or 0.4 g/kg). Then the CYP 1A2 activity was expressed by using the caffeine metabolic ratio (CMR). The results showed that the CMR increased markedly compared with the control groups. In the pharmacokinetics experiment, the rats were given oral theophylline (10 mg/kg) after a 14 day pretreatment with EWD (18 g/kg) and MXCT (0.2 g/kg). The results showed that the AUC0‐24 h and Cmax of theophylline were reduced markedly compared with the control groups.These results demonstrated that EWD or MXCT pretreatment obviously induced CYP1A2 activity, therefore, speeding up the metabolism of theophylline. The concomitant use of EWD or MXCT may decrease the effect of theophylline in rats. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Corrections to ‘ filtering for singularly perturbed nonlinear systems’
Authors: Aliyu M. D. S. 
Published: July 2011

SUMMARYIn a recently published paper, the authors considered the ‐filtering problem for singularly perturbed (two time‐scale) nonlinear systems. Two types of filters were discussed; namely, decomposition and aggregate, and sufficient conditions for the solvability of the problem in terms of the Hamilton–Jacobi–Isaac's equations were presented. In this note, we provide a modification to the HJIEs that make them more formal and amenable to computations. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
AFM detection of mitogen‐induced morphological changes in Human B lymphocyte
Authors: Wang Qiulan , Wang Mu , Li Shengpu , Xing Xiaobo , Liu Xiao , Dong Shisong , Cai Jiye 
Published: July 2011

AbstractB‐lymphocyte activation plays an important role in humoral immune system, and its process has been studied well in vivo and in vitro. However, the ultrastructure and adhesion property changes remain unclear. In this study, changes in the morphology and mechanical properties of human peripheral blood B lymphocytes were first studied by atomic force microscopy (AFM). B lymphocytes were treated with the mitogen, pokeweed mitogen (PWM), and Staphylococcus aureus Cowan strain I (SAC) for 24 hr. After B lymphocyte is stimulated by the mitogen, the cell height, diameter, and volume are changed in different degree. The ultrastructure of the B lymphocytes membrane obviously displayed proteins gathering, corresponding with larger changes of average roughness and mean height of particles on cell membrane. Meanwhile, we detected the adhesion force of B lymphocytes after being stimulated by PWM and SAC. We found that the treated cells had a higher adhesion force of 304.16 ± 60.30 pN (PWM) and 249.63 ± 58.03 pN (SAC) than that of control group (104.28 ± 21.77 pN). Therefore, our results could provide new information to further understand the B‐lymphocyte activation process and their structure‐function analyses. SCANNING 34: 60–67, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Real‐time in vivo imaging collagen in lymphedematous skin using multiphoton microscopy
Authors: Wu Xiufeng , Zhuo Shuangmu , Chen Jianxin , Liu Ningfei 
Published: July 2011

AbstractChanges of dermal collagen are characteristic for chronic lymphedema. To evaluate these changes, a real‐time imaging based on two‐photon excited fluorescence and second‐harmonic generation was developed for investigating collagen of lymphedematous mouse and rat tail skin in vivo. Our findings showed that the technique could image the morphological changes and distribution of collagen in lymphedematous mouse and rat tail skin in vivo. More importantly, it may allow visualization of dynamic collagen alteration during the progression of lymphedema. Our findings demonstrated that multiphoton microscopy may have potential in a clinical setting as an in vivo diagnostic and monitoring system for therapy in lymphology. SCANNING 33:463–467, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Prospects of a Subnanometer Focused Neon Ion Beam
Authors: Rahman F. H. M. , McVey Shawn , Farkas Louis , Notte John A. , Tan Shida , Livengood Richard H. 
Published: July 2011

SummaryThe success of the helium ion microscope has encouraged extensions of this technology to produce beams of other ion species. A review of the various candidate ion beams and their technical prospects suggest that a neon beam might be the most readily achieved. Such a neon beam would provide a sputtering yield that exceeds helium by an order of magnitude while still offering a theoretical probe size less than 1‐nm. This article outlines the motivation for a neon gas field ion source, the expected performance through simulations, and provides an update of our experimental progress. SCANNING 33: 129–134, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Lessons learned from transferring software products to India
Authors: Šmite Darja , Wohlin Claes 
Published: July 2011

SUMMARYGlobalization has influenced the way software is developed today, and many software organizations have started to actively utilize resources from around the world. However, these endeavors are recognized as very challenging, and they have attracted a lot of attention in software research in the past decade. Unlike many other research initiatives, which explore the complexities of distributed software development activities, the focus of this paper is on software transfers. Software transfers refer to activities that are moved from one location to another. The authors draw attention to the lessons learned from an empirical investigation of two transfer projects conducted at Ericsson. Both transfers were performed between a site in Sweden and a site in India. The observations outline a set of generic practices that have been found useful for transferring software development within a company. It also highlights a number of challenges to be addressed and a set of corresponding recommendations. Finally, the paper emphasizes the need to identify software products that are suitable for transfers and the need to monitor the long‐term effects of transfer. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Resilience implications of policy responses to climate change
Authors: Adger W. Neil , Brown Katrina , Nelson Donald R. , Berkes Fikret , Eakin Hallie , Folke Carl , Galvin Kathleen , Gunderson Lance , Goulden Marisa , O'Brien Karen , Ruitenbeek Jack , Tompkins Emma L. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThis article examines whether some response strategies to climate variability and change have the potential to undermine long‐term resilience of social–ecological systems. We define the parameters of a resilience approach, suggesting that resilience is characterized by the ability to absorb perturbations without changing overall system function, the ability to adapt within the resources of the system itself, and the ability to learn, innovate, and change. We evaluate nine current regional climate change policy responses and examine governance, sensitivity to feedbacks, and problem framing to evaluate impacts on characteristics of a resilient system. We find that some responses, such as the increase in harvest rates to deal with pine beetle infestations in Canada and expansion of biofuels globally, have the potential to undermine long‐term resilience of resource systems. Other responses, such as decentralized water planning in Brazil and tropical storm disaster management in Caribbean islands, have the potential to increase long‐term resilience. We argue that there are multiple sources of resilience in most systems and hence policy should identify such sources and strengthen capacities to adapt and learn. WIREs Clim Change 2011 2 757–766 DOI: 10.1002/wcc.133This article is categorized under:

Vulnerability and Adaptation to Climate Change > Learning from Cases and Analogies
The risk of spontaneous rupture of liver hemangiomas: a critical review of the literature
Authors: Donati Marcello , Stavrou Gregor A. , Donati Angelo , Oldhafer Karl J. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe risk of spontaneous bleeding or rupture of liver hemangiomas still remains unknown. The aim of this review was to analyze the problem of spontaneous bleeding or rupture in liver hemangiomas and to identify factors leading to bleeding in these cases.MethodsA MEDLINE search was undertaken to identify articles in English, French, German, Italian, and Spanish from 1898 to 2010. Basic data such as age and sex of patients were collected. Additional data such as risk factors or causes of rupture were also analyzed. Cases were divided into spontaneous and non‐spontaneous ruptures.ResultsA total of 97 cases are described. In 51 of the 97 patients (52.6%) a non‐spontaneous rupture was identified. Only in 46 out of the 97 cases (47.4%) was a spontaneous rupture found. Non‐spontaneous rupture was significantly more frequent in patients aged <40 years than in older ones (p = 0.0099).Mean size of the ruptured lesions was 11.2 cm (range 1–37 cm). Massive bleeding occurred in 88 patients (90.7%). Reported mortality over the past 20 years has been significantly lower than before (p < 0.001).The overall mortality for the period under study was ~35%.ConclusionsThe spontaneous rupture of a hepatic hemangioma is to be considered an exceptional event. Preventive surgery should be considered only for lesions of at least 11‐cm size in special cohorts of patients.
Unique System of Care Issues and Challenges in Serving Children Under Age 3 and their Families
Authors: Finello Karen Moran , Poulsen Marie Kanne 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThis article addresses the primary modifications necessary for system change to better meet the mental health needs of children under the age of three. The role of risk and resiliency factors in the young child, family and community and the necessity for a comprehensive community infant‐family mental health system with a focus on the whole family are addressed. Barriers to care within early childhood systems of care are examined, including stigma, community referral and collaboration, diagnostic concerns during infancy, issues around family engagement, empowerment and partnership, funding of comprehensive and well coordinated infant‐family services, workforce capacity and evaluation. Recommendations for implementation of system changes at the community and federal levels are proposed.
Safety and dose flexibility clinical evaluation of intravesical liposome in patients with interstitial cystitis or painful bladder syndrome
Authors: Lee Wei‐Ching , Chuang Yao‐Chi , Lee Wei‐Chia , Chiang Po‐Hui 
Published: July 2011

AbstractTo present single institution open‐label experience with intravesical liposomes (LPs), a mucosal protective agent, in patients with interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome (IC/PBS) and to assess the safety and efficacy on IC/PBS symptoms. A total of 17 symptomatic IC/PBS patients were treated with intravesical LPs (80 mg/40 mL distilled water) once a week for 4 weeks (n = 12) or twice a week treatment for 4 weeks (n = 5). The primary outcome was the change in the O'Leary‐Sant Symptom/Problem score and O'Leary‐Sant total Score from baseline to Week 4 and Week 8. Other outcome measurements included the changes in pain scale, urgency scale, voiding log, and patient global assessment. Both weekly and biweekly LP instillation regiments were well tolerated. The incidence of urinary incontinence, retention, or unanticipated adverse changes was not noted at any dose either during the treatment or at the 4‐week follow‐up. The O'Leary‐Sant Symptom/Problem score, O'Leary‐Sant total Score, and pain score were significantly improved from baseline at both dose regimens with added benefit with the biweekly regimen. Intravesical LPs treatment is safe and its efficacy has sustained duration. Furthermore large‐scale, placebo‐controlled studies are warranted to assess the efficacy for this promising new treatment for IC/PBS.
Motor ability and adaptive function in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Wang Hui‐Yi , Huang Tzu‐Hsiu , Lo Sing‐Kai 
Published: July 2011

AbstractAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neuropsychiatric disorder. Previous studies have reported that children with ADHD exhibit deficits of adaptive function and insufficient motor ability. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between adaptive function and motor ability in children with ADHD compared with a group of normal children. The study group included 25 children with ADHD (19 boys and 6 girls), aged from 4.6 years to 8.6 years (mean ± standard deviation, 6.5 ± 1.2). A group of 24 children without ADHD (normal children) were selected to match the children with ADHD on age and gender. The Movement Assessment Battery for Children, which includes three subtests, was used to assess the motor ability of the children of both groups. The Chinese version of Adaptive Behavior Scales, which consists of 12 life domains, was used to assess adaptive function of the children with ADHD. Compared with the normal children, children with ADHD exhibited poorer motor ability on all the three subtests of motor assessment. In the ADHD group, nine (36%) children had significant motor impairments and seven (28%) were borderline cases. A total of 10 (40%) children with ADHD had definite adaptive problems in one or more adaptive domains. With statistically controlling of IQ for the ADHD group, those children with impaired motor ability had significantly poorer behaviors in the adaptive domain of home living (p = 0.035). Moreover, children with ADHD who had severely impaired manual dexterity performed worse than the control group in the adaptive domains of home living (r = −0.47, p = 0.018), socialization (r = −0.49, p = 0.013), and self‐direction (r = −0.41, p = 0.040). In addition, children with poorer ball skills had worse home living behavior (r = −0.56, p = 0.003). Children who had more impaired balance exhibited poorer performance in social behavior (r = −0.41, p = 0.040). This study found significant correlation between motor ability and adaptive function in children with ADHD, especially in their adaptive domains of home living, socialization, and self‐direction. In clinical settings, identification of motor difficulties may have important implications for the understanding of relative factors in effective management of the adaptive dysfunction in children with ADHD.
Preaching at the British Association for the Advancement of Science: sermons, secularization and the rhetoric of conflict in the 1870s
Authors: TOAL CIARAN 
Published: July 2011

AbstractMuch attention has been given to the science–religion controversies attached to the British Association for the Advancement of Science, from the infamous 1860 Huxley–Wilberforce debate at Oxford to John Tyndall's 1874 ‘Belfast Address’. Despite this, almost no attention has been given to the vast homiletic literature preached during the British Association meetings throughout the nineteenth century. During an association meeting the surrounding churches and halls were packed with men of science, as local and visiting preachers sermonized on the relationship between science and religion. These sermons are revealing, particularly in the 1870s when the ‘conflict thesis’ gained momentum. In this context, this paper analyses the rhetoric of conflict in the sermons preached during the meetings of the association, exploring how science–religion conflict was framed and understood through time. Moreover, it is argued that attention to the geography of the Sunday activities of the British Association provides insight into the complex dynamic of nineteenth-century secularization.