bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical analysis and quality of life survey of hemophilia B patients in the central and western regions of China
Authors: Wang Wen , Xu Li , Wu Jingsheng , Liu Weiyong , Jin Jiao , Huang Jing , Xu Zhongjin , Huang Yali , Li Bai , Liu Yufeng , Zhang Qing , Zhou Min , Peng Jie , Hu Qun 
Published: May 2024

ObjectiveTo study the current status of hemophilia B (HB) patients in the central and western regions of China.MethodsThis cross-sectional, multicenter study was conducted in seven provinces in the central and western regions of China from April 2019 to June 2023. Samples were collected for the factor IX activity, inhibitor screen, and gene mutation. Furthermore, the status of six index joints and quality of life (QoL) were assessed.ResultsA total of 185 HB patients (mild 15, moderate 75, and severe 95) with a median age of 12.17 years were enrolled. 30.3% (56/185) of patients had a family history of HB. 34.6% (64/185) of HB patients had diagnostic delay and 38.5% (69/179) experienced treatment delay. The incidence of inhibitors was 6.1% (11/179). We identified 123 genetic variants in this study, with missense mutations being the most common. 84.0% (89/106) of HB mothers were genetically identified as carriers, with 27.7% (13/47) of carriers having clotting factor levels less than 0.40 IU/ml. 71.4% (132/185) of HB patients had a history of joint hemorrhage, with a rate of target joint in these patients was 64.4% (85/132). Lower extremity joints were most often affected in patients. The Hemophilia Joint Health Score (HJHS) score was significantly positively correlated with the Hemophilia Early Arthropathy Detection with Ultrasound in China (HEAD-US-C) (r = 0.542, P &lt; 0.001). Patients who received prevention treatment, inhibitor negative, without treatment delay, and without high-intensity replacement therapy showed a higher total score of the short form-36 health survey (SF-36).ConclusionsOne-third of HB patients had delay in diagnosis and treatment, and the incidence of inhibitors was 6.1%. Target joints were present in nearly half of HB patients. Missense was the main mutation type. 84.0% of mothers of HB patients in this study were found to be carriers. HEAD-US-C and HJHS can complement each other in the evaluation of joint status and give a valid basis for early clinical management. Early detection and preventive treatment, as well as reducing high-intensity replacement therapy and inhibitor generation, can effectively improve the QoL of patients.
Post-marketing safety concerns with lumateperone: a pharmacovigilance analysis based on the FDA adverse event reporting system (FAERS) database
Authors: Zhao Dan , Zhang Wangxin , Liu Yan , Yan Zhaojun 
Published: May 2024

ObjectiveLumateperone, a novel antipsychotic drug that was granted by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval in December 2019, remains insufficiently explored for its adverse event profile. This study used the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database to explore its potential safety issues.MethodsThis study conducted a retrospective analysis of FAERS data from the fourth quarter of 2019 to the third quarter of 2023, extracting reports related to lumateperone. Disproportionality analysis using Reporting Odds Ratio (ROR) and Bayesian Confidence Propagation Neural Network (BCPNN) algorithms was employed to detect signals of adverse events (AEs).ResultsOur research processed 4,777 pertinent AE disclosures related to lumateperone, unveiling 125 signals that satisfied both ROR and BCPNN evaluative benchmarks across 26 System Organ Classes (SOCs). Intriguingly, 108 of these signals were categorized as unanticipated, spotlighting notable psychiatric manifestations such as mania (ROR = 73.82, 95% CI = 57.09–95.46; IC = 6.16, IC025 = 4.49), and hypomania (ROR = 34.74, 95% CI = 15.54–77.64; IC = 5.10, IC025 = 3.43), alongside non-psychiatric phenomena like urinary retention (ROR = 3.59, 95% CI = 1.80–7.19; IC = 1.84, IC025 = 0.18) and serotonin syndrome (ROR = 8.69, 95% CI = 4.81–15.72; IC = 3.11, IC025 = 1.45).ConclusionThis research provides real-world safety data on lumateperone post-marketing and is an important supplement to the information from clinical trial studies. Healthcare professionals should be vigilant for the risk of a manic switch in patients with bipolar depression who are administered lumateperone. More epidemiological studies are needed in the future to explore and further evaluate the risk-benefit issue of lumateperone.
High nitrate levels in skeletal muscle contribute to nitric oxide generation via a nitrate/nitrite reductive pathway in mice that lack the nNOS enzyme
Authors: Upanan Supranee , Lee Jeeyoung , Tunau-Spencer Khalid J. , Rajvanshi Praveen K. , Wright Elizabeth C. , Noguchi Constance T. , Schechter Alan N. 
Published: May 2024

Introduction:Nitric oxide (NO) is a vasodilator gas that plays a critical role in mitochondrial respiration and skeletal muscle function. NO is endogenously generated by NO synthases: neuronal NO synthase (nNOS), endothelial NO synthase (eNOS), or inducible NO synthase (iNOS). NO in skeletal muscle is partly generated by nNOS, and nNOS deficiency can contribute to muscular dystrophic diseases. However, we and others discovered an alternative nitrate/nitrite reductive pathway for NO generation: nitrate to nitrite to NO. We hypothesized that nitrate supplementation would increase nitrate accumulation in skeletal muscle and promote a nitrate/nitrite reductive pathway for NO production to compensate for the loss of nNOS in skeletal muscle.Methods:Wild-type (WT) and genetic nNOS knockout (nNOS−/−) mice were fed normal chow (386.9 nmol/g nitrate) and subjected to three treatments: high-nitrate water (1 g/L sodium nitrate for 7 days), low-nitrate diet (46.8 nmol/g nitrate for 7 days), and low-nitrate diet followed by high-nitrate water for 7 days each.Results:High-nitrate water supplementation exhibited a greater and more significant increase in nitrate levels in skeletal muscle and blood in nNOS−/− mice than in WT mice. A low-nitrate diet decreased blood nitrate and nitrite levels in both WT and nNOS−/− mice. WT and nNOS−/− mice, treated with low-nitrate diet, followed by high-nitrate water supplementation, showed a significant increase in nitrate levels in skeletal muscle and blood, analogous to the increases observed in nNOS−/− mice supplemented with high-nitrate water. In skeletal muscle of nNOS−/− mice on high-nitrate water supplementation, on low-nitrate diet, and in low–high nitrate treatment, the loss of nNOS resulted in a corresponding increase in the expression of nitrate/nitrite reductive pathway-associated nitrate transporters [sialin and chloride channel 1 (CLC1)] and nitrate/nitrite reductase [xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR)] but did not show a compensatory increase in iNOS or eNOS protein and eNOS activation activity [p-eNOS (Ser1177)].Discussion:These findings suggest that a greater increase in nitrate levels in skeletal muscle of nNOS−/− mice on nitrate supplementation results from reductive processes to increase NO production with the loss of nNOS in skeletal muscle.
The effects of functional training on physical fitness and skill-related performance among basketball players: a systematic review
Authors: Cao Shudian , Liu Jia , Wang Zhaoran , Geok Soh Kim 
Published: May 2024

Background: Evidence suggests that functional training (FT) positively impacts physical fitness and sports performance. However, a systematic review addressing the effects of FT on basketball players remains absent. This systematic review aims to explore the influence of FT on physical fitness and skill-related performance in basketball players.Methods: We searched six databases: Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), EBSCOhost, and Google Scholar. The search utilized a combination of keywords related to FT, physical fitness, and basketball. The Eligibility Criteria of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA 2020) guidelines were followed in this systematic review.Results: 11 studies were ultimately included in this review, collectively recruiting 333 basketball players. These studies demonstrated that FT significantly improved muscle strength, linear speed, cardiovascular endurance, flexibility, balance, and muscular endurance. However, the effects of FT on power, change-of-direction speed, and basketball-related performance were inconsistent. Most studies showed FT significantly improves these three variables, but a small number of studies did not find positive effects of FT using specific tests including standing long jump, Sargent jump, touch high, lane agility, lateral shuffle, dribbling line drill, and free-throw tests.Conclusion: FT is an effective training method for enhancing physical fitness including muscle strength, linear speed, cardiovascular endurance, flexibility, balance, and muscular endurance. However, the effects of FT on power, change-of-direction speed, and basketball-related performance were divergent. Some tests were not improved after FT potentially due to the short program lengths and training session durations, varied athletic levels of players examined, and different foci of the FT exercises administered. The collective evidence suggests FT programs, especially the specific exercises prescribed, should be tailored to the desired training objectives. More studies investigating the effects of FT on physical fitness and basketball-related performance with established tests are encouraged in the future to expand the current evidence base.Systematic Review Registration:https://inplasy.com/, Identifier INPLASY202360072.
The role of long-term target and masker talker familiarity in children’s speech-in-speech recognition
Authors: Flaherty Mary M. 
Published: May 2024

ObjectivesThis study investigated the influence of long-term talker familiarity on speech-in-speech recognition in school-age children, with a specific emphasis on the role of familiarity with the mother’s voice as either the target or masker speech.DesignOpen-set sentence recognition was measured adaptively in a two-talker masker. Target and masker sentences were recorded by the adult mothers of the child participants. Each child heard sentences spoken by three adult female voices during testing; their own mother’s voice (familiar voice) and two unfamiliar adult female voices.Study sampleTwenty-four school age children (8–13 years) with normal hearing.ResultsWhen the target speech was spoken by a familiar talker (the mother), speech recognition was significantly better compared to when the target was unfamiliar. When the masker was spoken by the familiar talker, there was no difference in performance relative to the unfamiliar masker condition. Across all conditions, younger children required a more favorable signal-to-noise ratio than older children.ConclusionImplicit long-term familiarity with a talker consistently improves children’s speech-in-speech recognition across the age range tested, specifically when the target talker is familiar. However, performance remains unaffected by masker talker familiarity. Additionally, while target familiarity is advantageous, it does not entirely eliminate children’s increased susceptibility to competing speech.
Increasing perceived health and mental health literacy among separated refugee Ukrainian families with urgent needs occasioned by invasion—a group intervention study with participatory methodology in Sweden
Authors: Ekblad Solvig , Gramatik Oksana , Suprun Yuliia 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundWith the increasing numbers of refugees from Ukraine affected by the ongoing war, there is a high risk of trauma-related stress due to low local health and mental health literacy care. Perceived good health is a human right. Earlier studies show that intervention for refugees can reduce and prevent post-migration stress and anxiety. The present explorative study aimed to investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of a short, trauma-focused group intervention (in Swedish “hälsoskola”) for Ukrainian-speaking refugees (EU’s mass refugee directive). This intervention was part of an ESF project aiming to get the subjects closer to the labor market in Västernorrland County, Sweden.Materials and methodsA mixed-methods design, a participatory methodology, and an evaluation were used. Data were obtained with a short questionnaire in Ukrainian. It included a visual analogue health-rating scale, an observation, and an oral evaluation in groups. For practical and ethical reasons, there was no control group. Each group met five times for 2 h, a total of 10 h excluding pre- and post-assessment. There were eight sets of five group sessions per set, a total of 40 sessions. Brief initial and concluding breathing exercises sought to reduce stress among the participants.ResultsBaseline data were obtained from 99 participants, mostly females. Data gathered directly after the group intervention from 57 participants who had filled in both the pre- and post-questionnaires showed that (1) perceived anxiety/stress was significantly reduced (chi-2 25,53, df = 4, p &lt; 001). (2) The participants showed significantly better perceived health as assessed on a visual analogue scale (average change from 63.16 to 71.18, p &lt; 0.001). This result was supported by the participants’ questions, which were qualitatively evaluated using thematic content analysis. Five general themes stemmed from questions raised in dialogue with the participants plus observation with the respective local expert. The participants received answers to their questions, and their perceived negative attitudes to authorities changed to more positive ones.ConclusionBy dialogue between the participants’ needs of knowledge and direct answers by the local expert, respectively, was feasible and effective as they perceived trust and health and mental health literacy increased. Implications for primary prevention are discussed.
Cross-shift changes in pulmonary function and occupational exposure to particulate matter among e-waste workers in Ghana
Authors: Laskaris Zoey , O'Neill Marie S. , Batterman Stuart A. , Mukherjee Bhramar , Fobil Julius N. , Robins Thomas G. 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionLittle is known on the association between cross-shift changes in pulmonary function and personal inhalation exposure to particulate matter (PM) among informal electronic-waste (e-waste) recovery workers who have substantial occupational exposure to airborne pollutants from burning e-waste.MethodsUsing a cross-shift design, pre- and post-shift pulmonary function assessments and accompanying personal inhalation exposure to PM (sizes &lt;1, &lt;2.5 μm, and the coarse fraction, 2.5–10 μm in aerodynamic diameter) were measured among e-waste workers (n = 142) at the Agbogbloshie e-waste site and a comparison population (n = 65) in Accra, Ghana during 2017 and 2018. Linear mixed models estimated associations between percent changes in pulmonary function and personal PM.ResultsDeclines in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) per hour were not significantly associated with increases in PM (all sizes) among either study population, despite breathing zone concentrations of PM (all sizes) that exceeded health-based guidelines in both populations. E-waste workers who worked “yesterday” did, however, have larger cross-shift declines in FVC [−2.4% (95%CI: −4.04%, −0.81%)] in comparison to those who did not work “yesterday,” suggesting a possible role of cumulative exposure.DiscussionOverall, short-term respiratory-related health effects related to PM exposure among e-waste workers were not seen in this sample. Selection bias due to the “healthy worker” effect, short shift duration, and inability to capture a true “pre-shift” pulmonary function test among workers who live at the worksite may explain results and suggest the need to adapt cross-shift studies for informal settings.
The burden and treatment of non-communicable diseases among healthcare workers in sub-Saharan Africa: a multi-country cross-sectional study
Authors: Müller Sophie Alice , Elimian Kelly , Rafamatanantsoa Jean Florent , Reichert Felix , Mosala Francis , Böff Lena , Touré Sounan Fidèle , Boone Idesbald , Ravaoarisoa Lantonirina , Nduenga Sagesse , Ortu Giuseppina , Pozo-Martin Francisco , Tomczyk Sara , Eckmanns Tim , Okwor Tochi , Akoua-Koffi Chantal , Diané Bamourou , Randriamanantany Zely Arivelo , Ahuka Steve , Ochu Chinwe Lucia , El-Bcheraoui Charbel 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionNon-communicable diseases (NCDs), the leading cause of death globally, are estimated to overtake communicable diseases in sub-Sahara Africa, where healthcare workers (HCWs) play a crucial role in prevention and treatment, but are in extreme shortage, thereby increasing the burden of NCDs among this specific population. To provide evidence for policy-making, we assessed the NCD burden, associated factors and treatment among HCWs in four sub-Saharan African countries.Materials and methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study across four sub-Saharan African countries [Côte d'Ivoire (CIV), Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Madagascar (MDG), and Nigeria (NIG)] between February and December 2022. In a standardized questionnaire, sociodemographic, chronic disease and treatment data were self-reported. We estimated the prevalence of (1) at least one chronic disease, (2) hypertension, and used backward elimination logistic regression model to identify risk factors.ResultsWe recruited a total of 6,848 HCWs. The prevalence of at least one chronic disease ranged between 9.7% in NIG and 20.6% in MDG, the prevalence of hypertension between 5.4% in CIV and 11.3% in MDG. At most, reported treatment rates reached 36.5%. The odds of each of both outcomes increased with age (at least one chronic disease adjusted odds ratio: CIV: 1.04; DRC: 1.09; MDG: 1.06; NIG: 1.10; hypertension: CIV: 1.10; DRC: 1.31; MDG: 1.11; NIG: 1.11) and with BMI (at least one chronic disease: CIV: 1.10; DRC: 1.07; MDG: 1.06; NIG: 1.08; hypertension: CIV: 1.10; DRC: 1.66; MDG: 1.13; NIG: 1.07). Odds of both outcomes were lower among males, except in CIV. In NIG, the odds of both outcomes were higher among medical doctors and odds of hypertension were higher among those working in secondary care. In MDG, working in secondary care increased and working as auxiliary staff decreased the odds of at least one chronic disease.ConclusionThe prevalence of self-reported chronic disease varied across the four sub-Saharan countries with potentially very low treatment rates. We identified several individual (age, sex, and BMI) and occupational (profession, level of healthcare) factors that influence the odds of NCDs. These factors should be taken into account when developing interventions addressing the burden and management of NCDs among HCWs.
Causality between sleep traits and the risk of frailty: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Deng Zhen , Hu Yifan , Duan Lincheng , Buyang Ziding , Huang Qian , Fu Xuedan , Luo Hong , Hou Tianshu 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundResearch based on observation has demonstrated a relationship between sleep traits and frailty; however, it remains uncertain if this correlation indicates causation. The purpose of this study was to look at the causal relationship that exists between frailty and sleep traits.MethodUsing summaries from a genome-wide association study of self-reported sleep features and frailty index, we performed a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Examining the causal relationships between seven sleep-related traits and frailty was the goal. The major method used to calculate effect estimates was the inverse-variance weighted method, supplemented by the weighted median and MR-Egger approaches. The study investigated pleiotropy and heterogeneity using several methodologies, such as the MR-Egger intercept, the MR-PRESSO approach, and the Cochran’s Q test. We took multivariate Mendelian randomization and genetic correlations between related traits to enhance the confidence of the results. Furthermore, we used MRlap to correct for any estimation bias due to sample overlap.ResultsInsomnia, napping during the day, and sleep apnea syndrome exhibited a positive connection with the frailty index in forward MR analysis. Conversely, there is a negative link between getting up in the morning, snoring and sleep duration with the frailty index. During the reverse MR analysis, the frailty index exhibited a positive correlation with insomnia, napping during the day, and sleep apnea syndrome, while demonstrating a negative correlation with sleep duration. There was no direct correlation between snoring, chronotype, and frailty. In MVMR analyses, the causal effect of sleep characteristics on frailty indices remained consistent after adjusting for potential confounders including BMI, smoking, and triglycerides.ConclusionThe findings of our investigation yield novel evidence that substantiates the notion of a bidirectional causal connection between sleep traits and frailty. Through the optimization of sleep, it is potentially feasible to hinder, postpone, or even reverse the state of frailty, and we proposed relevant interventions.
Sports preferences in children and adolescents in psychiatric care—evaluation of a new questionnaire
Authors: Breido Florian , Stumm Sebastian , Jenetzky Ekkehart , Huss Michael 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionAs part of an exploratory and hypothesis-generating study, we developed the Sports Preference Questionnaire (SPOQ) to survey the athletic behavior of mentally ill children and adolescents, subjectively assessed physical fitness and perceived psychological effects of physical activity.MethodsIn a department of child and adolescent psychiatry, we classified 313 patients (6–18 years) according to their primary psychiatric diagnosis. The patients or—in the parental version of the questionnaire—their parents reported their sport preferences on the SPOQ. As possibly influential factors, we also assessed the frequency of physical activity, the importance of a trainer, coping with everyday life through physical activity, and subjectively perceived physical fitness.ResultsOne in 3 patients (32.4%) stated that they were not physically active. Patients diagnosed with eating disorders reported, on average, a notably high frequency (median of 3 h/week) and degree of coping with daily life through physical activity (median of 5 on a 6-point Likert scale). Patients with anxiety disorders and depression had the lowest self-perception of physical fitness (mean value of 3.1 or 3.7 on an interval scala from 0 to 9). The presence of a trainer was generally considered not important, except for ADHD patients (median of 3 on a 6-point Likert scale).ConclusionThe SPOQ is sensitive for differential effects of core child and adolescent disorders as well as for main covariates influencing the complex association between physical activity and emotional and behavioral disorders in children and adolescents. Based on this pilot study, we discussed the need for an efficacy study to measure the effects of sports therapy.