bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Síndrome de burnout en enfermeras
Authors: Gómez de Quero Marina 
Published: April 2024

Introducción. El “síndrome del burnout" viene determinado por agotamiento mental y físico que aparece en individuos que, de una manera u otra, tienen que relacionarse con personas en su trabajo. En este estudio se elige personal de enfermería para analizarlo ya que es un colectivo que está en contacto directo con las personas. Enfermeras enfrentan demandas excesivas por parte de los pacientes.
Objetivo. Relacionar el síndrome de burnout con la variable de trabajar en un ámbito público o privado.
Objetivos específicos. Estudiar si la carga mental es mayor en enfermeras que trabajan en instituciones privadas. Determinar si los riesgos psicosociales son más elevados en enfermeras del ámbito privado.
Resultados. Se ha comparado la puntuación media obtenida en cada escala del test MBI por el grupo de enfermeras de la empresa pública y la privada, obteniendo resultados en los que en la escala de cansancio emocional y en despersonalización las puntuaciones han sido mayores para las enfermeras pertenecientes a la empresa privada. Sin embargo, no podemos hablar de síndrome de burnout, pues la realización personal es alta en las enfermeras encuestadas.
Conclusiones. Quejas excesivas por parte de pacientes, médicos, junto con el agotamiento mental y físico, dan lugar a valores más altos en el cuestionario MBI. La frustración/insatisfacción es mayor entre las enfermeras que trabajan en instituciones privadas. Los resultados muestran la importancia de desarrollar estrategias de intervención para reducir los sentimientos de despersonalización, cansancio emocional y realización personal en enfermeras.
Diseño y validación de la escala PRECAHI para medir el riesgo de caídas en pacientes mayores de 65 años
Authors: Lobo Rodríguez Carmen , Pedraz Marcos Azucena , Gadea-Cedenilla Carmen , Medina Torres Margarita , Moro-Tejedor Mª Nieves , García-Pozo Ana 
Published: April 2024

Las caídas afectan principalmente a personas mayores de 65 años y, en pacientes hospitalizados, son uno de los efectos adversos más frecuentes. En la actualidad, la evidencia describe la escasa sensibilidad y especificidad de los instrumentos empleados para medir el riesgo de caídas. La hiponatremia ha sido reconocida como factor de riesgo asociado a las caídas que, sin embargo, no está incluido en las escalas.
Objetivo. Validar el instrumento Escala PRECAHI para identificar el riesgo de caídas en pacientes mayores de 65 años hospitalizados.
Material y método. Este estudio consta de dos fases: diseño del instrumento (Fase I) y validación clinimétrica (Fase II). La población de estudio en la Fase II, fueron pacientes mayores de 65 años ingresados en las unidades de hospitalización con mayor incidencia de caídas. El riesgo de caídas de los pacientes fue evaluado con las escalas de Downton, Stratify y la nueva escala diseñada.
Análisis de datos. descriptivo en función de la naturaleza de las variables, bivariante para el estudio de las diferencias entre escalas y, para sensibilidad y especificidad, curvas ROC.
Resultados. participaron 322 pacientes siendo la edad media 81,6(7,73) años, con igual distribución por sexo. La evaluación del rendimiento muestra una sensibilidad del 78,26%, superior a las escalas Downton y Stratify. En cuanto a la especificidad hallada, 29,64%, es superior a la que presenta la escala Downton e inferior a la escala Stratify.
Conclusión. Se ha conseguido validar el instrumento Escala PRECAHI, cuya sensibilidad es superior a la proporcionada por las escalas Downton y Stratify y cuya especificidad es mayor que la obtenida por la escala Downton. No obstante, es necesario confirmar su validez en entornos de hospitalización quirúrgica y de cuidados críticos, y reevaluar sus propiedades.
Impacto de la implantación de un Check-list de Seguridad en una unidad de cuidados intensivos
Authors: Valderas Castilla Daniel , Villarín Hernández Julián , Martín Pacheco M. Inmaculada , Gallardo Delgado M. Paz , Del Olmo Pérez Montserrat , López Matamala Blanca , Martín Parra Carmen 
Published: April 2024

Introducción: La prevención de eventos adversos es fundamental en la calidad asistencial del paciente crítico. Mejorar los registros de enfermería y fomentar la vigilancia de aspectos críticos mejora la seguridad del paciente. Para ello, en nuestra Unidad implantamos un listado de verificación de seguridad.
Objetivo: Valorar el impacto en la seguridad del paciente crítico de un check-list de seguridad.
Metodología: Se realizó un estudio cuasiexperimental antes-después incluyendo a todos los pacientes ingresados en UCI durante, al menos, cinco días. Se recogieron variables generales (nº identificativo, estancia en UCI, presencia de ventilación mecánica [VM], paciente quirúrgico), variables dependientes (registro de balance hídrico, número de constantes mal registradas, número de cambios posturales, glucemia media, registro de parámetros de VM, registro de la presión del neumotaponamiento, revisión de herida quirúrgica, analgesia pautada y registro del riesgo de úlcera por presión) y variable independiente: paciente con o sin check-list. Se recogieron datos antes de la implantación del check-list y después. Se utilizó SPSS 18.0, prueba T para comparación de medias y chi cuadrado para variables cualitativas.
Resultados y Conclusiones: El número de constantes mal registradas por el sistema disminuyó significativamente (p=0,009). La glucemia media de los pacientes mejoró de 144,85 a 120,64 (p=0,003). El registro de parámetros respiratorios y de presión de neumotaponamiento mejoró de manera estadísticamente significativa (p=0,000 en ambos). El registro del riesgo de UPP aumentó del 40,4% al 59,6% (p=0,03). Hubo tendencia a la significación (p=0,055) en el registro de datos de balance hídrico, mejorando la media de 33,03 a 41,73. No hubo diferencias significativas en cambios posturales, revisión de herida y pauta de analgesia. Aunque estas variables no empeoraron. El check-list creado por el grupo de seguridad del paciente de nuestra UCI es eficaz para mejorar los registros de enfermería y, por tanto, para preservar la seguridad del paciente crítico.
Cuidados psicosociales dirigidos a los padres en una unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales (UCIN)
Authors: García Lucía Martín 
Published: April 2024

Introducción: El nacimiento de un recién nacido (RN) que requiere ingresar en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales (UCIN) será una experiencia inesperada para los padres y madres, provocándoles estrés y ansiedad. El estado emocional y las preocupaciones dificultan el proceso de apego incidiendo negativamente en el desarrollo infantil. Por ello, se ha puesto de manifiesto la necesidad de atender las necesidades psicosociales de los progenitores para ofrecerles apoyo y promover el vínculo.
Objetivo: conocer si las intervenciones enfermeras responden a las necesidades psicoemocionales.
Metodología: se llevó a cabo una revisión en los recursos consultados como Cuiden, IBECs, Medes, Biblioteca Cochrane Plus, Psycinfo, PubMed, Dialnet y BioMed Central.
Resultados: las intervenciones mostraron ser beneficiosas disminuyendo el nivel de estrés y ansiedad en los progenitores.
Conclusiones: enfermería desempeña un papel fundamental ayudándoles a comprender mejor esta experiencia.
Holocene Foraminifera, Climate, and Decelerating Rise in Sea Level on the Mud Patch, Southern New England Continental Shelf
Authors: Miller Kenneth G. , Browning James V. , Keigwin Lloyd D. , Chaytor Jason D. , Schneider Emily R. , Richtmyer Matthew , Schmelz W. John 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We examined Holocene benthic foraminiferal biofacies, % planktonic foraminifera, and lithofacies changes from New England mud patch cores and present a relative sea-level (RSL) record to evaluate evolution of these rapidly deposited (30–79 cm/kyr) muds. Sandy lower Holocene sections are dominated by Bulimina marginata. The mud patch developed from 11–9 ka as RSL rise slowed from 10 to 7 mm/yr; mud deposition began when the cores (69 to 91 m modern) were inundated below storm wave base. An Elphidium-B. marginata fauna developed at ca. 7–6 ka as RSL rise slowed from approximately 7 to 2 mm/yr. A Globobulimina fauna developed at 3 ka as RSL rise slowed to 1 mm/yr, reflecting lower O2 conditions. Single specimen δ18O analyses of Globobulimina show ∼1‰ variations over the past 3 kyr, reflecting a shelf bottom water seasonal cycle of 4–5°C, and a temperature minimum during the Little Ice Age with warming since.
Contribution to the Knowledge of Ground Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) from Pakistan
Authors: Zubair Ahmed , Haseeb Ahmed Lalika , Imran Khatri , Eric Kirschenhofer 
Published: April 2024

The present study is based on the examination of specimens housed in different museums and collections, including those of Lianghong Bin (China), Bernd Jaeger (Germany), Saeed Azadbakhsh (Iran), Alexander Anichtchenko (Latvia), Martin Hackel (Czech Republic), Ron Felix (Germany), and the first author (ZACP). A preliminary survey was randomly conducted in various areas of Pakistan from 2016 to 2023. A precise investigation revealed 17 subspecies and 36 species within 31 genera, distributed across 12 subfamilies in the family Carabidae. This survey also documented twenty-three new records for the country, expanding our understanding of their distribution. All determinations presented here are confirmed and validated by Löbl & Löbl (2017). Subfamily Harpalinae tribe Anthiini with 02 species Anthia (Anthia) sexguttata mannerheimii, A. (A.) sexguttata sexguttata Brachininae with 03 species Brachinus (Aploa) nobilis Pheropsophus (Stenaptinus) catoirei, P. (S.) lissoderus, P. stenoderus. Subfamily Broscinae with 01 species Broscus punctatus. Subfamily Carabinae with 07 species Carabus (Imaibius) caschmirensis fortetuberculatus, C. (I.) wittmerorum, Calosoma (Caminara) imbricatum andrewesi, C. (C.) maderae indicum, C. (C.) imbricatum imbricatum, C. Calosoma (Compalita) Olivieri, C. (Calosoma) scabrosum roeschkei. Subfamily Dryptinae, Dryptini with 01 species Drypta (Drypta) lineola virgata, tribe Galeritini with 04 species records Planetes bimaculatus, Zuphium (Zuphium) olens olens, Galerita indica, Ophionea (Ophionea) indica. Subfamily Harpalinae with 03 species Idiomelas fulvipes indus, Metacolopodes buchanani, Microlestes discoidalis, tribe Chlaeniini with 12 species Chlaenius (Amblygenius) atripes, C. (A.) bengalensis, C. (A.) cookie, C. (A.) Chlaenius (Amblygenius) quadricolor orientalis, C. (Pachydinodes) hamifer, C. (P.) pictus, C. (P.) posticus, C. pretiosus, C. (Chlaenites) spoliatus spoliatus, Harpaglossus opacus, H. (Cryptophonus) tenebrosus, H. (Pseudophanus) meridianus, tribe Cyclosomini with 03 species records, Masoreus (Masoreus) orientalis orientalis, Caphora afghani, Tetragonoderus (Tetragonoderus) lindemannae, tribe Licinini with 06 species record, Diplochiela (Diplocheila) laevigata, Glycia spencei, Eucolliuris fuscipennis, Platytarus faminii faminii, Syntomus lateralis lateralis,	Trichis maculata. Subfamily Melaeninae with 03 spies, Cymbionotum (Cymbionotum) striatum, C. Cymbionotum candidum, C. semelederi, tribe Panagaeini with 03 species Microschemus flavopilosus, M. arabicus, Craspedophorus elegans. Subfamily Harpalinae with 01 species Sphodrus leucopthalmus. Subfamily Scaritinae, Scaritini with 02 species Scarites (Scallophorites) guineensis, S. (Scarites) procerus eurytus, subfamily Siagoninae with 01 species Siagona dilutipes and subfamily Trechinae, Bembidiini with 01 species Bembidion (Notaphocampa) niloticum niloticum.
Influence of Magnesium Doping Concentrations and annealing on the Transmittance and Energy Band-gap of Sb2S3 Thin Films Deposited via Chemical Bath Deposition Technique
Authors: Ele Ugochukwu Samuel , Nworie Ikechukwu Christian , Ojobeagu Austine Okechukwu , Otah Patricia Benedict , Nwulegu E. N. 
Published: April 2024

The incorporation of thin film materials into a wide range of technological applications has attracted considerable interest owing to their distinct properties and versatile functionalities. In this study, Magnesium alloyed and Antimony sulphide (Sb2S3) thin films were successfully deposited on glass substrates by chemical bath deposition technique. The films were grown at room temperature of constant pH. The concentrations of magnesium varied between 0.1M and 0.3M. The films were annealed at annealing temperature between 100˚C and 300˚C at a fixed annealing time of 1 hour. The films were characterized using UV-spectrophotometer to investigate the variation of optical and solid state properties with wavelength in the UV-VIS-NIR region. The result showed that the presence of the alloying agent and annealing treatments modified the optical and solid state properties of the films significantly. The transmittance of the films was high. Annealing led to reduced transmittance due to increased crystallite size, notably in films doped with 0.1M Mg2+ ions and annealed at 200˚C, suggesting enhanced photon absorption. The energy band gaps were found to be direct and in the range of 1.25 eV to 1.72 eV for the as grown films and 1.15eV to 1.3eV for the films annealed at annealing temperatures 300˚C. The study identifies a direct correlation between magnesium doping concentration, annealing conditions, and shifts in the energy band-gap of the films. The values of the energy band gaps are all within the range suitable for use of the layers as absorbers in hetero-junction solar cell devices for sustainable energy applications.
Tinjauan Terhadap Penyalahgunaan Dana dalam Yayasan Kemanusiaan: Studi Kasus pada Lembaga ACT
Authors: Jenniviera Johana , Maryam Salsabilla , Arief Aisah Putri , Bestari Qodri , Mahipal Dr. Mahipal 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This research analyzes the Islamic perspective, legal outlook, media role, and humanitarian foundation's responsibility concerning cases of fund misappropriation, focusing on the controversy involving the Aksi Cepat Tanggap (ACT) Foundation in Indonesia. From an Islamic standpoint, corruption and fund misuse are considered serious violations of justice, honesty, and trustworthiness values. The Quran and Hadith provide guidance on the importance of transparency, integrity, and responsible fund management. Legally, fund misappropriation violates regulations governing fundraising and management, as seen in the ACT case, which exceeded government-permitted limits. Media also play a crucial role in highlighting fund misappropriation cases, framing them as ethical breaches and betrayals of trust. Finally, the humanitarian foundation's responsibility, particularly ACT, in adhering to laws and financial principles, comes under scrutiny, with assessments of the foundation's organizational involvement in fund management. In conclusion, fund misappropriation by humanitarian foundations is not just a legal issue but also threatens the integrity and public trust in humanitarian missions. Law enforcement, transparency, and good governance are key to addressing challenges of corruption and fund misuse in the humanitarian sector.

Abstrak
Penelitian ini menganalisis pandangan Islam, perspektif hukum, peran media, dan tanggung jawab yayasan kemanusiaan terhadap kasus penyelewengan dana, dengan fokus pada kontroversi yang melibatkan Yayasan Aksi Cepat Tanggap (ACT) di Indonesia. Dari sudut pandang Islam, korupsi dan penyalahgunaan dana dianggap sebagai pelanggaran serius terhadap nilai-nilai keadilan, kejujuran, dan amanah. Al-Qur'an dan hadis memberikan pedoman tentang pentingnya transparansi, integritas, dan pengelolaan yang bertanggung jawab terhadap dana. Dari segi hukum, penyalahgunaan dana melanggar peraturan yang mengatur pengumpulan dan pengelolaan dana, seperti yang terjadi dalam kasus ACT yang melebihi batas yang diizinkan oleh pemerintah. Media juga memainkan peran penting dalam menyoroti kasus penyelewengan dana, dengan framing yang menggambarkan pelanggaran etika dan kepercayaan. Terakhir, tanggung jawab yayasan kemanusiaan, khususnya ACT, dalam mematuhi undang-undang dan prinsip-prinsip keuangan menjadi sorotan utama, dengan penilaian terhadap keterlibatan organ yayasan dalam pengelolaan dana. Kesimpulannya, penyelewengan dana oleh yayasan kemanusiaan bukan hanya masalah hukum, tetapi juga mengancam integritas dan kepercayaan publik terhadap misi kemanusiaan. Penegakan hukum, transparansi, dan tata kelola yang baik menjadi kunci dalam mengatasi tantangan korupsi dan penyalahgunaan dana di sektor kemanusiaan.
Phosphonium Salt Organocatalysis
Authors: Werner Thomas 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe field of organocatalysis is growing rapidly and attracts an increasing number of research groups. Most organocatalysts can be classified as Lewis bases, Lewis acids, Brønsted acids and Brønsted bases. However, examples of Lewis acid organocatalysis under homogeneous conditions are comparatively rare. Phosphonium salts are easily accessible and frequently used intermediates in organic synthesis, long known phase‐transfer catalysts and potential Lewis acid organocatalysts. This review covers the application of phosphonium salts as Lewis acidic catalysts for a variety of CC, CO and CN bond‐forming reactions under homogeneous conditions. Moreover, recent developments are included which show the potential of chiral phosphonium salts as asymmetric (phase‐transfer) catalysts.
Nanogele als pharmazeutische Trägersysteme: winzige Netzwerke mit großen Möglichkeiten
Authors: Kabanov Alexander V. , Vinogradov Serguei V. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractAls Nanogele bezeichnet man gequollene Netzwerke aus hydrophilen oder amphiphilen Polymeren in der Größenordnung von einigen Dutzend bis Hundert Nanometern. Sie wurden als Trägersysteme für den Transport von Wirkstoffen entwickelt. Durch gezieltes Design können biologisch aktive Moleküle spontan eingebunden werden, sei es mithilfe von Salzbrücken, Wasserstoffbrücken oder hydrophoben Wechselwirkungen. Polyelektrolyt‐Nanogele sind in der Lage, gegensätzlich geladene niedermolekulare Wirkstoffe und Biomakromoleküle wie Oligo‐ und Polynucleotide (siRNA, DNS) sowie Proteine aufzunehmen. Die Gastmoleküle wechselwirken elektrostatisch mit den ionischen Polymerketten des Gels und werden dadurch in den winzigen Nanogelen gebunden. Zahlreiche chemische Funktionalitäten stehen zur Verfügung, um Gruppen für Bildgebungsverfahren und den gezielten Wirkstofftransport im Nanogel einzuführen. Letzteres kann z. B. durch abbaubare oder schaltbare Vernetzungen erreicht werden. Aktuelle Arbeiten zeichnen eine aussichtsreiche Zukunft für biomedizinische Anwendungen von Nanogelen.
Nanogels as Pharmaceutical Carriers: Finite Networks of Infinite Capabilities
Authors: Kabanov Alexander V. , Vinogradov Serguei V. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractNanogels are swollen nanosized networks composed of hydrophilic or amphiphilic polymer chains. They are developed as carriers for the transport of drugs, and can be designed to spontaneously incorporate biologically active molecules through formation of salt bonds, hydrogen bonds, or hydrophobic interactions. Polyelectrolyte nanogels can readily incorporate oppositely charged low‐molecular‐mass drugs and biomacromolecules such as oligo‐ and polynucleotides (siRNA, DNA) as well as proteins. The guest molecules interact electrostatically with the ionic polymer chains of the gel and become bound within the finite nanogel. Multiple chemical functionalities can be employed in the nanogels to introduce imaging labels and to allow targeted drug delivery. The latter can be achieved, for example, with degradable or cleavable cross‐links. Recent studies suggest that nanogels have a very promising future in biomedical applications.
Biological treatment of milk processing wastewater in a sequencing batch flexible fibre biofilm reactor
Authors: Abdulgader Mohamed , Yu Qiming Jimmy , Zinatizadeh Ali , Williams Philip 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBiological treatment of dairy wastewater was investigated using a laboratory scale aerobic sequencing batch flexible fibre biofilm reactor (SBFFBR). The SBFFBR system was modified from a typical sequencing batch reactor system by using eight flexible fibre bundles with a very high specific surface area, which served as support for microorganisms. The reactor was operated under different influent chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentrations (610, 2041 and 4382 mg l−1) and constant hydraulic retention times of 1.6 days. The results have shown successful applicability of the SBFFBR system to treat this dairy wastewater. High COD removal efficiencies between 89.7 and 97% were achieved at average organic loading rates of 0.4 and 2.74 kg COD m−3 d−1, respectively. Copyright © 2009 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development and potential of new generation photocatalytic systems for air pollution abatement: an overview
Authors: Lim Melvin , Zhou Yan , Wang Lianzhou , Rudolph Victor , Lu Gao Qing (Max) 
Published: July 2009

AbstractPhotocatalysis is the process by which various undesired substrates are reduced or oxidised on the surface of a photoresponsive material when exposed to a sufficiently energetic irradiation source. Together with other processes like photolysis and ozonation, photocatalysis forms a larger, important group of technologies known as Advanced Oxidation Processes or AOPs.This short review begins with an introduction to the fundamental processes and entities involved in general semiconductor photocatalysis. Various major air pollutants are considered, along with their health effects and traditional means of abatement. Recent advances in photocatalytic materials (including the use of novel materials other then titania), together with heterogeneous photoreactor design (in particular, of the flow‐type) are then described. Concluding remarks are included, along with some recommendations for possible future work. Copyright © 2009 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Study on surface morphology and selectivity of precipitated iron catalysts of FTS
Authors: Xingjun Wang , Miao Gao , Bingqing Hong , Guofeng Shang , Ping Li , Yu Liu , Fuchen Wang , Zunhong Yu 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe precipitated iron catalyst was prepared by co‐precipitation. The surface morphology of the catalyst was investigated under different reduction conditions by SEM (S‐250, USA). Under H2‐reduction, the surface morphology of the catalyst had the obvious changes, which the diameter reduced, adhered together, came into being wads considered as a group. But the surface morphology of the catalyst had almost no change under CO reduction. The crystal structure of the catalyst was studied under different reduction conditions by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) (Rigaku D/max, Japanese). It was found that the catalyst was reduced completely with H2, but it was reduced partly with CO. The crystal structure of the catalyst converted into the metallic phase with H2 reduction. However, most of the iron converted into iron oxide (Fe3O4) with CO reduction. And the predominant phase in a sample of a mature catalyst is χ‐Fe5C2, which is the active phase in the Fischer‐Tropsch synthesis (FTS). The experimental results showed that CO conversion and H2 conversion increase with the change of reaction temperature from 260 to 300 °C, under the conditions of pressure P = 2.6 MPa, space velocity = 0.86 Nl h−1 g‐Fe−1, n(H2)/n(CO) = 2/3, and most of the hydrocarbon products are C5−11 which hold half of the hydrocarbon products. The next content is C2−4 which holds the quarter of hydrocarbon products. Then it is C12+, which is equal to 18%. And the last is C1, which is equal to 7%. Copyright © 2009 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.