bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of a functional polymorphism in the IRF5 region with systemic sclerosis in a Japanese population
Authors: Ito Ikue , Kawaguchi Yasushi , Kawasaki Aya , Hasegawa Minoru , Ohashi Jun , Hikami Koki , Kawamoto Manabu , Fujimoto Manabu , Takehara Kazuhiko , Sato Shinichi , Hara Masako , Tsuchiya Naoyuki 
Published: May 2009

AbstractObjectiveInterferon regulatory factor 5, an established susceptibility factor for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), plays a role in type I interferon and proinflammatory cytokine induction. A recent study showed association of a functional single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in intron 1 of IRF5, rs2004640, with systemic sclerosis (SSc) in a European French population. We undertook the present study to determine whether IRF5 polymorphisms are also associated with a predisposition to SSc in Japanese.MethodsA case–control association study was performed for rs2004640 as well as for rs10954213 and rs2280714, all of which were previously reported to be associated with SLE, in 281 SSc patients and 477 healthy controls. Patients with SSc complicated by SLE or Sjögren's syndrome were excluded. Association of the rs2280714 genotype with messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of IRF5 and adjacently located transportin 3 (TNPO3) was examined using the GENEVAR database.ResultsAll 3 SNPs were significantly associated with SSc, with the rs2280714 A allele having the strongest association (allele frequency P = 0.0012, odds ratio 1.42 [95% confidence interval 1.15–1.75]). Association was preferentially observed in subsets of patients with diffuse cutaneous SSc (dcSSc) and anti–topoisomerase I antibody positivity. Conditional analysis revealed that rs2280714 could account for most of the association of these SNPs, while an additional contribution of rs2004640 was also suggested for dcSSc. The genotype of rs2280714 was strongly associated with IRF5 mRNA expression, while only marginal association was detected with TNPO3 mRNA expression.ConclusionAssociation of IRF5 with SSc was replicated in a Japanese population. Whether the causal SNP is different among populations requires further investigation.
The promise and challenges of microalgal‐derived biofuels
Authors: Pienkos Philip T. , Darzins Al 
Published: May 2009

AbstractMicroalgae offer great promise to contribute a significant portion of the renewable fuels that will be required by the Renewable Fuels Standard described in the 2007 Energy Independence and Security Act of the United States. Algal biofuels would be based mainly on the high lipid content of the algal cell and thus would be an ideal feedstock for high energy density transportation fuels, such as biodiesel as well as green diesel, green jet fuel and green gasoline. A comprehensive research and development program for the development of algal biofuels was initiated by the US Department of Energy (DoE) more than 30 years ago, and although great progress was made, the program was discontinued in 1996, because of decreasing federal budgets and low petroleum costs. Interest in algal biofuels has been growing recently due to increased concern over peak oil, energy security, greenhouse gas emissions, and the potential for other biofuel feedstocks to compete for limited agricultural resources. The high productivity of algae suggests that much of the US transportation fuel needs can be met by algal biofuels at a production cost competitive with the cost of petroleum seen during the early part of 2008. Development of algal biomass production technology, however, remains in its infancy. This perspective provides a brief overview of past algal research sponsored by the DoE, the potential of microalgal biofuels and a discussion of the technical and economic barriers that need to be overcome before production of microalgal‐derived diesel‐fuel substitutes can become a large‐scale commercial reality. Published in 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Short‐term exposure to mobile phone base station signals does not affect cognitive functioning or physiological measures in individuals who report sensitivity to electromagnetic fields and controls
Authors: Eltiti Stacy , Wallace Denise , Ridgewell Anna , Zougkou Konstantina , Russo Riccardo , Sepulveda Francisco , Fox Elaine 
Published: May 2009

AbstractIndividuals who report sensitivity to electromagnetic fields often report cognitive impairments that they believe are due to exposure to mobile phone technology. Previous research in this area has revealed mixed results, however, with the majority of research only testing control individuals. Two studies using control and self‐reported sensitive participants found inconsistent effects of mobile phone base stations on cognitive functioning. The aim of the present study was to clarify whether short‐term (50 min) exposure at 10 mW/m2 to typical Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) and Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) base station signals affects attention, memory, and physiological endpoints in sensitive and control participants. Data from 44 sensitive and 44 matched‐control participants who performed the digit symbol substitution task (DSST), digit span task (DS), and a mental arithmetic task (MA), while being exposed to GSM, UMTS, and sham signals under double‐blind conditions were analyzed. Overall, cognitive functioning was not affected by short‐term exposure to either GSM or UMTS signals in the current study. Nor did exposure affect the physiological measurements of blood volume pulse (BVP), heart rate (HR), and skin conductance (SC) that were taken while participants performed the cognitive tasks. Bioelectromagnetics 30:556–563, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of W‐CDMA 1950 MHz EMF emitted by mobile phones on regional cerebral blood flow in humans
Authors: Mizuno Yoko , Moriguchi Yoshiya , Hikage Takashi , Terao Yasuo , Ohnishi Takashi , Nojima Toshio , Ugawa Yoshikazu 
Published: May 2009

AbstractUse of the third generation mobile phone system is increasing worldwide. This is the first study to investigate the effects of the third generation system on regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in humans. We compared effects of the electromagnetic field (EMF) emitted from the Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (W‐CDMA) cellular system versus sham control exposure on rCBF in humans. Nine healthy male volunteers participated in this study. Positron emission tomography (PET) scans were obtained before, during, and after unilateral 30 min EMF exposure. The subtraction analysis revealed no significant rCBF changes caused by the EMF conditions compared with the sham exposure, suggesting that EMF emitted by a third generation mobile phone does not affect rCBF in humans. Bioelectromagnetics 30:536–544, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Electromagnetic fields and epidemiology: An overview inspired by the fourth course at the International School of Bioelectromagnetics
Authors: Schüz Joachim , Lagorio Susanna , Bersani Ferdinando 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe fourth course at the International School of Bioelectromagnetics addressed various aspects of the epidemiology of exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF). In this overview, inspired by the lectures and the discussions among participants, we summarize current knowledge on exposure to EMF and disease risk, with emphasis on studies of use of mobile phones and brain tumours and exposure to power lines and childhood leukaemia. Sources of bias and error hamper straightforward conclusions in some areas and, in order to move forward, improvements in study design and exposure assessment are necessary. The scientific evidence available to date on possible long‐term effects from exposure to ELF and RF fields is not strong enough to revise current protection limits based on the known acute effects of such exposures. Precautionary measures may be considered to reduce ELF exposure of children or exposure to RF during mobile phone use, keeping in mind that it is unclear whether they involve any preventive benefit. Possible health effects from mobile phone use in adults and in children should be investigated further by prospective epidemiological studies with improved exposure assessment and brain tumour incidence rates should be monitored. Further studies on the relation between childhood leukaemia and ELF magnetic fields would be worthwhile if they focus on heavily exposed groups and attempt to minimize possible selection bias. In conclusion, epidemiological studies conducted with appropriate diligence can play a key role in finding the answers. Bioelectromagnetics 30:511–524, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Improving TNF as a cancer therapeutic: Tailor‐made TNF fusion proteins with conserved antitumor activity and reduced systemic side effects
Authors: Gerspach Jeannette , Pfizenmaier Klaus , Wajant Harald 
Published: May 2009

AbstractTumor necrosis factor (TNF) is highly pleiotropic cytokine regulating diverse cellular processes such as proliferation, cell migration, angiogenesis, differentiation, apoptosis, necrosis, but also survival. Because of its name‐giving tumor necrosis‐inducing capabilities, TNF has attracted attention very early for antitumor therapy. Although TNF is in clinical use for treatment of soft tissue sarcoma in isolated limb perfusion, its broad use in tumor therapy is prevented so far by its strong systemic proinflammatory effects. Nevertheless, over the past decade, a variety of tailor‐made TNF variants have been developed with the aim to reduce TNFs systemic activity without losing its antitumoral effects. Here, we review the progress made toward improving the efficacy of TNF by genetic engineering, tumor targeting, and introduction of prodrug concepts. © 2009 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
Mathematical modeling of elution curves for a protein mixture in ion exchange chromatography applied to high protein concentration
Authors: Orellana C.A. , Shene C. , Asenjo J.A. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractProtein elution curves in ion exchange chromatography (IEC) were simulated with a rate model. Three pure proteins and their mixture were used (α‐lactalbumin, BSA, and conalbumin) under different operational conditions. The anionic matrix Q‐Sepharose FF was used packed in a 1 mL column. A high protein concentration (37.5 mg/mL of total protein injected into the column) was used in order to extend the utility of the model. Mass transfer parameters were calculated using empiric correlations, where the axial dispersion was negligible (Pe > 300) and the mass transfer was controlled by the intraparticle diffusion (Bi > 10). The model assumes a modulator–eluite relationship were the equilibrium constant of the Langmuir isotherm was a function of salt concentration. Adsorption kinetic parameters were estimated from experimental data. The parameters for pure proteins were determined, and elution curves for changes in flow rate, ionic strength gradient, concentration, and sample size were predicted by the model. Then the kinetic parameters of the mixture were determined under the same operational conditions and some of the parameters had to be modified to take into account effects such as protein–protein interactions, competition, and displacement. Experimental elution curves obtained for changes in operational conditions such as flow rate and ionic strength gradient were simulated by the rate model for the protein mixture with a relative error in retention time of visible peaks <5%. IEC operational conditions and the peak fraction collection can be selected using a cost function of the production process which considers yield, purity, concentration, and process time that are obtained from simulations. Operational conditions that gave the minimum cost were selected. Simulations allows to diminish experimental time and cost. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2009; 104: 572–581 © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Fungal pretreatment of lignocellulose by Phanerochaete chrysosporium to produce ethanol from rice straw
Authors: Bak Jin Seop , Ko Ja Kyong , Choi In‐Geol , Park Yong‐Cheol , Seo Jin‐Ho , Kim Kyoung Heon 
Published: May 2009

AbstractPhanerochaete chrysosporium is a wood‐rot fungus that is capable of degrading lignin via its lignolytic system. In this study, an environmentally friendly fungal pretreatment process that produces less inhibitory substances than conventional methods was developed using P. chrysosporium and then evaluated by various analytical methods. To maximize the production of manganese peroxidase, which is the primary lignin‐degrading enzyme, culture medium was optimized using response surface methodologies including the Plackett–Burman design and the Box–Behnken design. Fermentation of 100 g of rice straw feedstock containing 35.7 g of glucan (mainly in the form of cellulose) by cultivation with P. chrysosporium for 15 days in the media optimized by response surface methodology was resulted in a yield of 29.0 g of glucan that had an enzymatic digestibility of 64.9% of the theoretical maximum glucose yield. In addition, scanning electronic microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and X‐ray diffractometry revealed significant microstructural changes, fungal growth, and a reduction of the crystallinity index in the pretreated rice straw, respectively. When the fungal‐pretreated rice straw was used as a substrate for ethanol production in simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) for 24 h, the ethanol concentration, production yield and the productivity were 9.49 g/L, 58.2% of the theoretical maximum, and 0.40 g/L/h, respectively. Based on these experimental data, if 100 g of rice straw are subjected to fungal pretreatment and SSF, 9.9 g of ethanol can be produced after 96 h, which is 62.7% of the theoretical maximum ethanol yield. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2009; 104: 471–482 © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Incarviditone: A Novel Cytotoxic Benzofuranone Dimer from Incarvillea delavayiBureau et Franchet
Authors: Chen Yu‐Qi , Shen Yun‐Heng , Su Yong‐Qing , Kong Ling‐Yi , Zhang Wei‐Dong 
Published: May 2009

Abstractmagnified imageA novel benzofuranone dimer, named incarviditone (1), along with known rengyolone (2), was isolated from Incarvillea delavayi Bureau et Franchet. The structure of the new compound was elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods, especially 2D‐NMR and MS analyses. Compound 1 is the first example of a benzofuranone dimer connected by a CC bond, which presents a new C‐skeleton. The cytotoxicities of compounds 1 and 2 were evaluated against the cell lines A549, LOVO, HL‐60, 6T‐CEM, and HepG2. Incarviditone (1) exhibited cytotoxicity only against HL‐60 and 6T‐CEM cell lines with IC50 values of 14.8 and 22.2 μg/ml, respectively, while rengyolone (2) was more active against all cell lines with IC50 values between 6.7 and 20.2 μg/ml.
Anti‐Inflammatory and Anticancer Activity of Ergoflavin Isolated from an Endophytic Fungus
Authors: Deshmukh Sunil Kumar , Mishra Prabhu Dutt , Kulkarni‐Almeida Asha , Verekar Shilpa , Sahoo Manas Ranjan , Periyasamy Giridharan , Goswami Hitesh , Khanna Amit , Balakrishnan Arun , Vishwakarma Ram 
Published: May 2009

Abstractmagnified imageBiodiversity is a major resource for identification of new molecules with specific therapeutic activities. To identify such an active resource, high throughput screening (HTS) of the extracts prepared from such diversity are examined on specific functional assays. Based on such HTS studies and bioactivity‐based fractionation, we have isolated ergoflavin, a pigment from an endophytic fungus, growing on the leaves of an Indian medicinal plantMimosops elengi(bakul). We report here the isolation, structure elucidation, and biological properties of this compound, which showed good anti‐inflammatory and anticancer activities.
4‐Aryl‐Substituted 2,5‐Dimethoxyphenethylamines: Synthesis and Serotonin 5‐HT2AReceptor Affinities
Authors: Trachsel Daniel , Nichols David E. , Kidd Stephanie , Hadorn Marcel , Baumberger Franz 
Published: May 2009

Abstractmagnified imageA series of novel ligands for the serotonin 5‐HT2A/Creceptor subtype bearing the 2‐phenylethylamine pharmacophore was synthesized and assayed for its 5‐HT2Areceptor binding affinity. As the 4′‐aryl‐substituted 2‐(2,5‐dimethoxyphenyl)ethylamines were previously unknown, an initial series of twelve compounds was chosen to obtain initial insight into their structure–activity relationships. The 4′‐aryl moiety was introduced in moderate‐to‐high yield by a Pd‐catalyzedSuzukireaction of twelve arylboronic acids withN‐Boc‐protected 2‐(2,5‐dimethoxy‐4‐iodophenyl)ethylamine (8).N‐Boc Deprotection then afforded the novel 2‐phenylethylamines5a–5l. Additionally, biphenyl compound6lacking the 5′‐MeO substituent was prepared, starting from 2‐methoxy‐4‐hydroxybenzaldehyde. Except for5l, all of the compounds proved to be antagonists with generally low affinity at the rat 5‐HT2Areceptor. Substituents are generally not well tolerated on the 4′‐aryl moiety, except in the 4″‐position. Indeed, the relatively high affinity of the 4″‐butyl‐, 4″‐phenyl‐, and 4′‐naphthyl‐substituted compounds5i, 5k, and5e, respectively (Ki=32, 33, and 41nM, resp.), attests a rather remarkable tolerance for bulk in this location.
Antioxidant enzymes and melatonin levels in patients with bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease during stable and exacerbation periods
Authors: Gumral Nurhan , Nazıroglu Mustafa , Ongel Kurtulus , Beydilli Emine Dasdibi , Ozguner Fehmi , Sutcu Recep , Calıskan Sadettin , Akkaya Ahmet 
Published: May 2009

AbstractAn imbalance between oxidative stress and antioxidative capacity may play an important role in the development and progression of bronchial asthma (BA) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We carried out a study to assess the systemic oxidant–antioxidant status during the exacerbation and the stable period in patients with BA and COPD. A total of 33 patients, 16 with BA and 17 with COPD were included in the study. During the exacerbation and the stable periods, levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px), glutathione reductase (GRd), and catalase (CAT) in erythrocytes and serum melatonin concentrations were investigated. Blood counts, respiratory functions, and blood gases of the patients were also performed. During an exacerbation period of BA, despite the decreases in GSH‐Px, GRd and melatonin levels, MDA and CAT levels, and the white blood cell count, the percentage of eosinophils were significantly higher than in the stable period. Also, it was found that FEV1/L (where FEV1 is the forced expiratory volume in 1 s), FVC/L (where FVC is forced vital capacity), PEF/L/s (where PEF is peak expiratory flow), pO2 (where pO2 is oxygen pressure) levels increased during the stable period in patients with BA. MDA and SOD values were higher in the exacerbation period than in the stable period although GSH‐Px, GRd, melatonin, pH, and pO2 values were lower in the exacerbation period than in the stable period. The blood counts and the respiratory function tests did not change between the exacerbation and the stable period of patients with COPD significantly. In conclusion, we observed that oxidative stress in the exacerbation period of patients with BA and COPD increased whereas the antioxidant enzymes and melatonin values reduced. The episodes of BA or COPD might be associated with elevated levels of oxidative stress. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Thermoregulated Microemulsions by Cyclodextrin Sequestration: A New Approach to Efficient Catalyst Recovery
Authors: Leclercq Loïc , Lacour Matthieu , Sanon Samantha H. , Schmitzer Andreea R. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe combination of imidazolium surfactants with α‐cyclodextrins (CDs, in green) was used as a control element in the thermoregulated aqueous olefin hydroformylation. The self‐assembly of the imidazolium surfactants (red) favors the micellization process at high temperatures, whereas at lower temperatures the complexation of the surfactant monomers into the α‐CDs is favored.magnified image
A Unified Strategy for the Stereospecific Construction of Propionates and Acetate–Propionates Relying on a Directed Allylic Substitution
Authors: Reiss Tomislav , Breit Bernhard 
Published: May 2009

AbstractFlexible friends: A new strategy that relies on o‐DPPB‐directed allylic substitution has been implemented for the flexible and stereospecific construction of major polyketide and isoprenoid structural elements (see scheme; o‐DPPB=ortho‐diphenylphosphanyl benzoate; PG=protecting group).magnified image
ChemInform Abstract: Ionothermal Synthesis of Tailor‐Made LiFePO4 Powders for Li‐Ion Battery Applications.
Authors: Recham N. , Dupont L. , Courty M. , Djellab K. , Larcher D. , Armand M. , Tarascon J.‐M. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrothermal Synthesis, Characterization, and Photocatalytic Properties of Zn2SnO4.
Authors: Fu Xianliang , Wang Xuxu , Long Jinlin , Ding Zhengxin , Yan Tingjiang , Zhang Guoying , Zhang Zhizhong , Lin Huaxiang , Fu Xianzhi 
Published: May 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Sn3I8·2(18‐crown‐6): A Mixed‐Valent Tin‐Crown‐Ether Complex.
Authors: Wolff Michael , Harmening Thomas , Poettgen Rainer , Feldmann Claus 
Published: May 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective α‐Hydrazination of α‐Fluoro‐β‐ketoesters Catalyzed by Chiral Nickel Complexes.
Authors: Mang Joo Yang , Kwon Dae Gil , Kim Dae Young 
Published: May 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Dimerization of 1,6‐Diynes Catalyzed by Ionic Liquid‐Supported Nickel Complexes in an Ionic Liquid/Toluene Biphasic System.
Authors: Goswami Avijit , Ito Taichi , Saino Naoko , Kase Kouki , Matsuno Chikashi , Okamoto Sentaro 
Published: May 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Silver‐Mediated Fluorination of Functionalized Aryl Stannanes.
Authors: Furuya Takeru , Strom Alexandra E. , Ritter Tobias 
Published: May 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Instantaneous Deprotection of Tosylamides and Esters with SmI2/Amine/Water.
Authors: Ankner Tobias , Hilmersson Goeran 
Published: May 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.