bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Internalized β2-Adrenergic Receptors Oppose PLC-Dependent Hypertrophic Signaling
Authors: Wei Wenhui , Smrcka Alan V. 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND:
Chronically elevated neurohumoral drive, and particularly elevated adrenergic tone leading to β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) overstimulation in cardiac myocytes, is a key mechanism involved in the progression of heart failure. β1-AR (β1-adrenergic receptor) and β2-ARs (β2-adrenergic receptor) are the 2 major subtypes of β-ARs present in the human heart; however, they elicit different or even opposite effects on cardiac function and hypertrophy. For example, chronic activation of β1-ARs drives detrimental cardiac remodeling while β2-AR signaling is protective. The underlying molecular mechanisms for cardiac protection through β2-ARs remain unclear.

METHODS:
β2-AR signaling mechanisms were studied in isolated neonatal rat ventricular myocytes and adult mouse ventricular myocytes using live cell imaging and Western blotting methods. Isolated myocytes and mice were used to examine the roles of β2-AR signaling mechanisms in the regulation of cardiac hypertrophy.

RESULTS:
Here, we show that β2-AR activation protects against hypertrophy through inhibition of phospholipaseCε signaling at the Golgi apparatus. The mechanism for β2-AR–mediated phospholipase C inhibition requires internalization of β2-AR, activation of Gi and Gβγ subunit signaling at endosome and ERK (extracellular regulated kinase) activation. This pathway inhibits both angiotensin II and Golgi-β1-AR–mediated stimulation of phosphoinositide hydrolysis at the Golgi apparatus ultimately resulting in decreased PKD (protein kinase D) and histone deacetylase 5 phosphorylation and protection against cardiac hypertrophy.

CONCLUSIONS:
This reveals a mechanism for β2-AR antagonism of the phospholipase Cε pathway that may contribute to the known protective effects of β2-AR signaling on the development of heart failure.
Group Identification and Employer Support Predict Lower Occupational Stress in Animal Shelter Employees
Authors: Andrukonis Allison S. , Hall Nathaniel J , Hohman Zachary P. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Animal shelter employees are at risk for significant occupational stress. Research in other care-based occupations has found that group identification and social support are protective factors against work stress. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between employee wellbeing and group identification and social support in animal shelter employees. Participants completed a survey containing measures of identity and social support, as well as outcome measures of perceived stress, burnout, secondary traumatic stress, compassion satisfaction, moral injury, and turnover intent. Identifying as an animal shelter employee significantly predicted turnover intent, burnout, compassion satisfaction, secondary traumatic stress, moral injury, and perceived stress. Satisfaction with employer support significantly predicted turnover intent, burnout, moral injury, and perceived stress. The current study suggests that identifying as an animal shelter employee and satisfaction with employer support may be significant protective factors against occupational stress in animal shelter employees.
Birdsong Complexity and Preference: The Role of Birdwatching Expertise
Authors: Rosenstein Rebecca , Goldblatt Mollie L. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This study examined the influence of birdsong complexity (melodic and rhythmic) on the preferences of primarily older, White Americans and whether individual differences and acquired experience moderate this relationship. An anonymous, online survey presented recordings of 11 anonymous birdsongs followed by a series of questions. Respondents (N = 209) were unpaid volunteers, recruited from a variety of sources. Using a mixed model analysis, the study found a positive linear relationship between both forms of complexity and preference. The relationship between rhythmic complexity and preference became curvilinear when birdwatching expertise was a moderator. Birdwatchers tended to show a greater preference for birdsong than non-birdwatchers over the entire range of rhythmic complexity, but particularly at the highest levels. Future research should focus on the types of information embedded within birdsongs and the ways in which they are interpreted by humans.
First-line treatments for advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer with immune checkpoint inhibitors plus chemotherapy: a systematic review, network meta-analysis, and cost-effectiveness analysis
Authors: Tian Wentao , Niu Lishui , Shi Yin , Li Shuishi , Zhou Rongrong 
Published: May 2024

Introduction: The combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and chemotherapy is a promising first-line therapy for patients with advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The cost-effectiveness of combinations with different ICIs is yet to be compared. Methods: We utilized Bayesian network meta-analyses for the comparisons of overall survival, progression-free survival, and incidence of adverse events of the included treatments in the total population and subgroups with different programmed death-ligand 1 tumor proportional scores (TPS). The cost-effectiveness of the treatments from the perspectives of the US and Chinese healthcare systems was assessed using Markov models. Results: Three combinations, including pembrolizumab + chemotherapy (PembroC), nivolumab + ipilimumab + chemotherapy (NivoIpiC), and atezolizumab + chemotherapy (AteC), were included in our study. In terms of efficacy, PembroC was most likely to be ranked first for extending progression-free survival (PFS) (93.16%) and overall survival (OS) (90.73%). Nevertheless, from the US perspective, NivoIpiC and PembroC showed incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) of $68,963.1/quality-adjusted life-years (QALY) and $179,355.6/QALY, respectively, compared with AteC. The one-way sensitivity analysis revealed that the results were primarily sensitive to the hazard ratios for OS or the cost of immunotherapy agents. At a willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold of $150,000/QALY, NivoIpiC had the highest probability of being cost-effective (63%). As for the Chinese perspective, NivoIpiC and PembroC had ICERs of $145,983.4/QALY and $195,863.3/QALY versus AteC, respectively. The results were primarily sensitive to the HRs for OS. At a WTP threshold of $38,017/QALY, AteC had the highest probability of cost-effectiveness (94%). Conclusion: Although PembroC has the optimal efficacy, NivoIpiC and AteC were the most favorable treatments in terms of cost-effectiveness for patients with advanced non-squamous NSCLC from the US and Chinese perspectives, respectively.
Chromosomal mapping of repetitive DNA and retroelement sequences and its implications for the chromosomal evolution process in Ctenoluciidae (Characiformes)
Authors: de Sousa e Souza José Francisco , Guimarães Erika Milena Corrêa , Figliuolo Vanessa Susan Pinheiro , Soares Simone Cardoso , de Bello Cioffi Marcelo , de Menezes Cavalcante Sassi Francisco , Feldberg Eliana 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCtenoluciidae is a Neotropical freshwater fish family composed of two genera, Ctenolucius (C. beani and C. hujeta) and Boulengerella (B. cuvieri, B. lateristriga, B. lucius, B. maculata, and B. xyrekes), which present diploid number conservation of 36 chromosomes and a strong association of telomeric sequences with ribosomal DNAs. In the present study, we performed chromosomal mapping of microsatellites and transposable elements (TEs) in Boulengerella species and Ctenolucius hujeta. We aim to understand how those sequences are distributed in these organisms’ genomes and their influence on the chromosomal evolution of the group. Our results indicate that repetitive sequences may had an active role in the karyotypic diversification of this family, especially in the formation of chromosomal hotspots that are traceable in the diversification processes of Ctenoluciidae karyotypes. We demonstrate that (GATA)n sequences also accumulate in the secondary constriction formed by the 18 S rDNA site, which shows consistent size heteromorphism between males and females in all Boulengerella species, suggesting an initial process of sex chromosome differentiation.
COMBAT-C: COntrol of Major Bleeding by Application of Tourniquets over Clothing
Authors: Lechner Raimund , Oberst Amelie , Beres Yannick , Mayer Benjamin , Kulla Martin , Hossfeld Björn , Gässler Holger 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Introduction
External bleeding is the leading cause of preventable trauma-related death. In certain circumstances, tourniquet application over clothing may be necessary. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of tourniquets over different clothing setups.

Methods
Three windlass tourniquets (CAT, SAMXT, SOFTT-W) were applied over nine different clothing setups and without clothing on the Hapmed™ Tourniquet Trainer. We compared each tourniquet in each clothing setup to the tourniquet trainer that was not dressed, and we compared the three tourniquets within each clothing setup concerning blood loss, applied pressure and application time. Regression analysis of the effect of thickness, mean weight, mean deformation, application time, and applied pressure on blood loss was performed.

Results
Although blood loss was significantly greater in the CAT and SAMXT tourniquets when they were applied over leather motorcycle trousers, the overall findings showed that the clothing setups significantly reduced or did not affect blood loss. The mean blood loss was the lowest with CAT and the highest with SOFTT-W. The measured mean pressures were lower than 180 mmHg in four out of nine clothing setups with SOFTT-W, but CAT and SAMXT always exceeded this threshold. CAT had the fastest application time. Blood loss was significantly influenced by applied pressure and application time but was influenced to a far lesser degree by clothing parameters.

Conclusion
The effects of the clothing setups were of little clinical relevance, except for leather motorcycle trousers. The effects of rugged protective equipment, e.g., hazard suits, are conceivable and need to be tested for specific garments with the tourniquet intended for use. No clothing parameter for predicting tourniquet effectiveness could be identified.
Physico-chemical characterization of Anopheles gambiae s.l. breeding sites and kdr mutations in urban areas of Cotonou and Natitingou, Benin
Authors: Djègbè Innocent , Hessou-Djossou Donald , Gounou Boukari Massioudou Koto Yerima , Nonfodji Odilon , Tchigossou Geneviève , Djouaka Rousseau , Cornelie Sylvie , Akogbeto Martin , Djogbenou Luc , Chandre Fabrice 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the physicochemical characteristics of An. gambiae s.s. and An. coluzzii breeding sites, the susceptibility profiles to commonly used insecticides in public health, and the underlying insecticide resistance mechanisms.

Methods
Anopheles breeding sites surveys were conducted in Cotonou and Natitingou in September 2020, January and August 2021. Physicochemical properties and bacterial loads were determined in individual breeding sites. The WHO susceptibility assays were carried out using the female of the emerging adult mosquitoes. Anopheles species were identified through PCR techniques. Kdr L1014F/S, N1575Y and G119S mutations were investigated using TaqMan genotyping assays.

Results
Molecular analysis showed that all mosquitoes analyzed in Cotonou were Anopheles coluzzii, while those of Natitingou were Anopheles gambiae s.s. Fecal coliforms were identified as playing a role in this distribution through their significant influence on the presence of An. coluzzii larvae. WHO susceptibility assay indicated a high level of resistance to deltamethrin in the two cities. The resistance levels to deltamethrin were higher in Cotonou (X2 = 31.689; DF = 1; P < 0.0001). There was a suspected resistance to bendiocarb in Cotonou, whereas the mosquito population in Natitingou was resistant. The kdr L1014F mutation was highly observed in both mosquito populations (frequence: 86–91%), while the Ace-1 mutation was found in a small proportion of mosquitoes. In Cotonou, salinity was the only recorded physicochemical parameter that significantly correlated with the resistance of Anopheles mosquitoes to deltamethrin (P < 0.05). In Natitingou, significant correlations were observed between the allelic frequencies of the kdr L1014F mutation and pH, conductivity, and TDS.

Conclusion
These results indicate a high level of pyrethroid resistance in the anopheles populations of both Cotonou and Natitingou. Moreover, this study report the involvement of abiotic factors influencing Anopheles susceptibility profile.
Patient experiences: a qualitative systematic review of chemotherapy adherence
Authors: Rashidi Amineh , Thapa Susma , Kahawaththa Palliya Guruge Wasana Sandamali , Kaur Shubhpreet 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAdherence to chemotherapy treatment is recognized as a crucial health concern, especially in managing cancer patients. Chemotherapy presents challenges for patients, as it can lead to potential side effects that may adversely affect their mobility and overall function. Patients may sometimes neglect to communicate these side effects to health professionals, which can impact treatment management and leave their unresolved needs unaddressed. However, there is limited understanding of how patients’ experiences contribute to improving adherence to chemotherapy treatment and the provision of appropriate support. Therefore, gaining insights into patients’ experiences is crucial for enhancing the accompaniment and support provided during chemotherapy.This review synthesizes qualitative literature on chemotherapy adherence within the context of patients’ experiences. Data were collected from Medline, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsychINFO, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library, systematically searched from 2006 to 2023. Keywords and MeSH terms were utilized to identify relevant research published in English. Thirteen articles were included in this review. Five key themes were synthesized from the findings, including positive outlook, receiving support, side effects, concerns about efficacy, and unmet information needs. The review underscores the importance for healthcare providers, particularly nurses, to focus on providing comprehensive information about chemotherapy treatment to patients. Adopting recommended strategies may assist patients in clinical practice settings in enhancing adherence to chemotherapy treatment and improving health outcomes for individuals living with cancer.
Hospitalization information and burden of pediatric inpatients in transport accidents
Authors: Yu Jing , Mei Lin , Wang Yanni , Feng Guoshuang , Zeng Yueping , Xu Xin , Wang Xinyu , Liu Jing 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Transport accidents are one of the leading causes of child morbidity and mortality worldwide and represent a significant public health burden. This study aimed to investigate the hospitalization information and burden of pediatric inpatients in transport accidents in China.

Methods
In this study, we collected the cover page of the medical records of pediatric inpatients in transport accidents using the Futang Research Center of Pediatric Development (FRCPD) database from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2021. Then, we extracted the epidemiological characteristics, including demographic characteristics, cases distribution, disease information, and hospitalization burden.

Results
Among 36,455 included inpatients, males, aged 1–3 years, East China, July were dominant in different subgroups. In transport accidents, pedestrians were the most frequently type of injury (65.69%). Of all known lesions, craniocerebral/nerve injury was the more common results in pediatric inpatients in transport accidents (33.93%). In addition to pedal cyclists more susceptible to sport system injury, other types of injured person with transport accidents were mainly craniocerebral/nerve injury. In terms of the type of discharge, occupant of heavy transport vehicle or bus and people with craniocerebral/nerve injury had the highest mortality rate after hospitalization in all type and lesion of injured person groups, respectively. The largest hospitalization burden in the type of injured person was occupant of heavy transport vehicle or bus.

Conclusions
This study revealed that epidemiological characteristics and the main factor influencing the hospitalization information and burden of children with traffic accidents in China.
State of mental health, sleep status, and the interaction with health-related quality of life in HIV-infected Chinese patients during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Du Juan , Li Jin , Liang Han , Wang Fuxiang , Lin Yuanlong , Shao Bing 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objective
To describe how mental health and sleep status influence the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) during the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, and to apply targeted interventions to improve the HRQOL.

Methods
A web-based online questionnaire survey was administered. Descriptive analysis was used to depict the mental health and sleep status. Correlation analysis and the structural equation model (SEM) method were used to analyze the influence of mental health and sleep status on HRQOL in PLWHA.

Results
After excluding 24 unqualified questionnaires, a total of 490 participants in this survey were included in the statistical analysis. Of the participants, 66.1% and 55.1% reported mild or worse symptoms of depression and anxiety, respectively. Overall, 70.0% had varying degrees of sleep problems. Correlation analysis showed that anxiety had the strongest correlation with sleep disturbances and sleep quality (R = 0.588 and 0.551, respectively), while depression had the strongest correlation with the HRQOL psychological and physical domains (R = − 0.759 and − 0.682, respectively). SEM analysis showed that depression, sleep quality, and psychological domains had the greatest item load on mental health, sleep status, and HRQOL (093, 0.82, and 0.89, respectively). Mental health had a more significant influence than sleep status on HRQOL, as indicated by factor loading (− 0.75 and − 0.15, respectively).

Conclusions
There were more severe mental health and sleep problems among PLWHA during the COVID-19 pandemic, thus, mental health intervention, especially to relieve depression symptoms, may be the most important approach to improve the HRQOL among PLWHA.
Diversity and development of Indigenous rehabilitation professional student identity
Authors: Brown Cara L. , Beach Ducharme Debra , Hart Kimberly , Marsch Nichol , Chartrand Louise , Campbell Melissa , Peebles Danielle , Restall Gayle , Fricke Moni , Murdock Dustin , Ripat Jacquie 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
In Canada, disparities between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Peoples continue to exist in health and education because of the past and current harms of racism and colonization. One step towards closing health gaps is clinicians who can provide health and social care services that are free of racism and mistrust. Indigenous health providers are in the best position to provide this culturally relevant and safe care to their own communities. Therefore, more Indigenous students graduating from health professional programs are required to meet these needs. Indigenous identity support can be a facilitator for Indigenous student academic success but developing one’s Indigenous identity can be challenging in post-secondary education environments. We explored how Indigenous rehabilitation students expressed, and wanted to be supported in their identity and academic success.

Methods
Using a narrative inquiry approach, we conducted interviews with seven students from the occupational, physical, and respiratory therapy programs of a Canadian university. Students were asked to tell their story of learning about, applying to, and being in their rehabilitation program and how their Indigenous identity impacted these experiences. Data analysis was conducted by Indigenous and non-Indigenous team members, analyzing the stories on interaction of the participant with (1) themselves and others, (2) time, and (3) situation or place.

Results
The researchers developed seven mini-stories, one for each participant, to illustrate the variation between participant experiences in the development of their Indigenous and professional identity, before and during their rehabilitation program. The students appreciated the opportunities afforded to them by being admitted to their programs in a Indigenous Peoples category, including identity affirmation. However, for most students, being in this category came with feared and/or experienced stigma. The work to develop a health professional identity brought even more complexity to the already complex work of developing and maintaining an Indigenous identity in the colonized university environment.

Conclusion
This study highlights the complexity of developing a rehabilitation professional identity as an Indigenous student. The participant stories call for universities to transform into an environment where Indigenous students can be fully accepted for their unique gifts and the identities given to them at birth.
Low concentrations of saracatinib promote definitive endoderm differentiation through inhibition of FAK-YAP signaling axis
Authors: Ma Ruiyang , Bi Huanjing , Wang Ying , Wang Jingwen , Zhang Jiangwei , Yu Xiaoyang , Chen Zuhan , Wang Jiale , Lu Cuinan , Zheng Jin , Li Yang , Ding Xiaoming 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Optimizing the efficiency of definitive endoderm (DE) differentiation is necessary for the generation of diverse organ-like structures. In this study, we used the small molecule inhibitor saracatinib (SAR) to enhance DE differentiation of human embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells. SAR significantly improved DE differentiation efficiency at low concentrations. The interaction between SAR and Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) was explored through RNA-seq and molecular docking simulations, which further supported the inhibition of DE differentiation by p-FAK overexpression in SAR-treated cells. In addition, we found that SAR inhibited the nuclear translocation of Yes-associated protein (YAP), a downstream effector of FAK, which promoted DE differentiation. Moreover, the addition of SAR enabled a significant reduction in activin A (AA) from 50 to 10 ng/mL without compromising DE differentiation efficiency. For induction of the pancreatic lineage, 10 ng/ml AA combined with SAR at the DE differentiation stage yielded a comparative number of PDX1+/NKX6.1+ pancreatic progenitor cells to those obtained by 50 ng/ml AA treatment. Our study highlights SAR as a potential modulator that facilitates the cost-effective generation of DE cells and provides insight into the orchestration of cell fate determination.

Graphical Abstract