bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
(044) AN INNOVATIVE AND NON-INVASIVE METHOD OF REDUCING PAIN UTILIZING VIBRATION DURING IUD INSERTION: PATIENT REACTIONS AND ONE PROVIDER’S APPROACH
Authors: Mckenzie N , Barnhart K 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Pain is commonly experienced during Intrauterine device (IUD) insertion and a possible barrier to this form of contraception. Pharmacological methods and non-pharmacological techniques are available to reduce pain during this procedure, but the efficacy varies on a case-by-case basis and data is conflicting regarding doses. Additional techniques are needed to increase the likelihood of a more patient centered approach to address pain experienced during IUD placement.

Objective
The purpose of the current project is to describe exploratory use of vibration and propose it as an innovative pain management technique during IUD insertion.

Methods
Recognizing that the umbilicus and the distal third of the vagina are embryologically connected, the current clinician hypothesized that external vibration applied to the umbilicus by a patient during IUD placement may reduce pain. Starting in 2017 external umbilical vibration was added to a previously established list of pain reduction options available during IUD placement at one clinical practice. Patients were consulted prior to IUD insertion and the list of multiple options discussed as part of regular practice. Patients and the provider determined the methods of pain reduction that best fit the individual patient’s needs based on their previous experiences, apprehension, and other concerns related to the procedure. Clinician observation and recall of response and reactions following the use of vibration will be shared.

Results
A detailed description of the umbilical vibration technique will be provided. Provider recall and summary of anonymous patient responses will be discussed, as well as the possible implications for gynecological care. Verbal and non-verbal responses from patients who elected to use umbilical vibration, or a combination of umbilical vibration and other techniques, to reduce pain have been overwhelmingly positive. No negative experiences with this non-invasive technique have occurred.

Conclusions
Umbilical vibration may serve as an effective, low-cost option to reduce pain during IUD placement. Providers considering this technique should be comfortable discussing vibration and open to this type of patient centered care. Umbilical vibration as a pain reduction technique for IUD insertion could be utilized in a trauma informed practice. A more in-depth study to further explore the intricacies of this technique is in preparation.

Disclosure
No.
(055) A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS ON THE BENEFITS OF AN OVER-THE-COUNTER COMBINATION OF ASPIRIN, ACETAMINOPHEN, AND CAFFEINE (AAC) IN MENSTRUAL MIGRAINE
Authors: Mitra A , Araga M , Aher A , Xu J , Shanga G , Franks B , Petruschke R 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Introduction
• Migraine affects approximately 15% of the general population globally. It is an episodic headache disorder that produces a wide spectrum of pain and associated disability. • Women are 3 times more likely than men to experience migraine headache. More than 60% of women with migraine experience attacks that occur in association with the menstrual periods. • Although some women experience migraine exclusively during the perimenstrual period others have attacks both during the perimenstrual period and at other times of the month. Menstrual migraine is thought to be more severe and disabling and less responsive to non-drug treatments than is non-menstrual migraine

Objective
Since menstrual migraine is an important health issue for women, we wanted to examine whether AAC is more effective than placebo in relieving menstruation associated migraine and improving the quality of life (QoL) of patients.

Methods
The study population selected for this analysis were adapted from a pooled analysis of women associated with menstrual migraine [Clin Therapeutics 21(3) 475, 1999]. A total of 185 women with menstrual associated migraine, of which 85 took one dose of AAC (aspirin/acetaminophen/caffeine – 250 mg/250 mg/65 mg) and 100 took placebo were included in this study. The data was analyzed using SAS Windows version 9.4. All post-rescue medication severity scores were assigned either the baseline value or the last recorded value whichever was most severe. Post-rescue medication pain relief scores were classified as “no relief”.

Results
It was observed that the intensity of the headache pain was reduced to mild or none (1) within 30 min in 20% (AAC treated) vs (10% in placebo). Within 1 hour in 40% (AAC treated) vs (14% placebo) (p&lt;=0.001) treated patients and the pain relief lasted for at least six hours. The quality of life (able to perform all or usual activities with minimal or no additional effort) also improved within 1 hour in 48.2% (AAC treated patients) vs 28% (placebo) (p&lt;=0.005) and within 3 hour in 68.2% AAC treated patients vs 40% (placebo) (p&lt;=0.001). In addition, in terms of relative change (%) difference, there was a 19% improvement in QoL with a 24.6% reduction in pain intensity within 1 hour. At 3 hours the QoL scores improved to 38.1% with a reduction in pain intensity of 41.1% that lasted till 6 hours in AAC treated patients vs placebo.

Conclusions
This post- hoc pooled analysis provides evidence that a single dose of AAC provides significant benefits in relieving menstrual migraine associated pain relief and improves quality of life of patients in their ability to perform usual activities with minimal or no additional effort.

Disclosure
Yes, this is sponsored by industry/sponsor: Haleon
Clarification: Industry initiated, executed and funded study.
Any of the authors act as a consultant, employee or shareholder of an industry for: Haleon.
(096) UNDERSTANDING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CHRONIC PAIN AND DEPRESSION IN LOCALIZED PROVOKED VULVODYNIA
Authors: Emanuelle C , Fischer S , Mahamed Z , Linder M , Falsetta M 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Localized provoked vulvodynia (LPV) is a disease characterized by chronic pain in the vulva in response to touching the vulvar vestibular epithelium. As with other chronic pain disorders, vulvodynia is often found accompanied with depression, and depressive symptoms aggravate pain severity and persistence. While there is clear evidence of a connection between chronic vulvar pain and depression, the mechanism of this bidirectional relationship is largely unknown. Accumulating evidence suggests that inflammation plays a central role in depression. Since the pathophysiology of LPV also involves inflammation, we aim to better understand these relationships by pharmacologically inhibiting the enzyme that plays a key role in both inflammation and depression: soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH).

Objective
To elucidate the role of sEH in localized provoked vulvodynia, which might be involved in the chronic pain and depression comorbidity prevalent in vulvodynia patients, and discuss the clinical significance of using sEH inhibitors, such as 1-trifluoromethoxyphenyl-3-(1-propionylpiperidin-4-yl) urea (TPPU), for patients suffering from this condition.

Methods
Vulvar punch biopsies obtained from painful sites within the vulvar vestibule and non-painful sites within the external vulva of 6 LPV patients and 6 age/race-matched healthy controls were used to generate a library of primary fibroblast strains. Cells were treated with the inflammatory instigator interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and TPPU. Quantitative PCR, Western blotting, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to assess the effects of sEH inhibition. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism 10.0.2. Comparisons among groups were performed using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) or two-way ANOVA, followed by post-hoc Tukey test.

Results
Vulvodynia patients produce increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, namely interleukin-6 (IL-6) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), when compared with controls. Interestingly, mRNA (P = 0.0091) and protein (P = 0.0198) levels of sEH were significantly lower in the painful vestibule of these patients. When sEH was inhibited with TPPU, we observed a significant decrease in IL-6 levels (P = &lt;0.0001), but not PGE2 (P = 0.6452). These preliminary findings are of fundamental importance as cytokines can directly contribute to the development of depressive symptoms.

Conclusions
Patients with vulvodynia are more likely to develop depressive symptoms than patients without vulvar pain. Likewise, patients with depression are more likely to develop vulvodynia than patients without depression. Our results suggest that sEH may play a role in this bidirectional mechanism, which could serve as a novel therapeutic target for chronic pain and depression comorbidity.

Disclosure
No.
(125) INTRAPARTUM AND 30-DAY POSTPARTUM COMPLICATIONS IN PREGNANCIES WITH ANTENATAL SARS-COV-2 INFECTION
Authors: Donthi S , Kloos J , Kaelber D , Gibson K , Olson D 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Introduction
While COVID-19 has been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, data regarding intrapartum and postpartum maternal complications after antenatal COVID-19 infection is limited and variable.

Objective
This study compares the intrapartum and postpartum complication rates between pregnant patients with and without an antenatal COVID-19 diagnosis in a national dataset.

Methods
This is a retrospective cohort study of patients who gave birth between January 2020 and May 2023 utilizing the TriNetx Analytics Research Network, an aggregated electronic health record platform. Our data searches were performed on May 1, 2023. ICD-10 codes were used to identify the encounter for delivery (ICD-10 code O80-O82) and pregnant individuals with a COVID-19 diagnosis (ICD-10 code U70.1) during their gestational period. The control group was defined as those with one encounter for delivery between January 2020 and May 2023 and without a diagnosis of COVID-19 during the gestational period. Complications included obstetric, cardiovascular, neurovascular, and pulmonary outcomes diagnosed from the day of delivery to 30 days postpartum. The cohort was propensity matched by age, race, and ethnicity. The relative risk values and 95% confidence intervals for the outcomes were calculated and compared.

Results
Of the 368,923 patients who had an encounter for delivery between January 2020 and May 2023, 26,974 (7%) had an antenatal COVID-19 diagnosis. Compared to our matched control cohort, patients with antenatal COVID-19 were at an increased risk of postpartum hemorrhage (RR 1.24, 95% CI 1.16-1.33), gestational hypertension without significant proteinuria (1.27 [1.21-1.34]), pre-eclampsia (1.25 [1.18-1.32]), eclampsia (1.66 [1.29-2.23]), and preterm labor (1.21 [1.12-1.31]). Patients with antenatal COVID-19 infections were also at an increased risk of postpartum complications, including cerebral infarction (1.74 [1.04-2.90]), pulmonary embolism (2.68 [1.74-4.13]), acute embolism and thrombosis of deep veins of lower extremity (2.32 [1.45-3.71]), sepsis (2.21 [1.54-3.19]), heart failure (1.55 [1.04-2.31]), and cardiomyopathy (2.08 [1.30-3.32]). There was no elevated risk of HELLP syndrome (1.18 [0.96-1.44]), placental abruption (1.14 [0.94-1.37]), and myocardial infarction (1.4 [0.62-3.15]).

Conclusions
Pregnant individuals with antenatal COVID-19 diagnosis were more likely to have intrapartum and postpartum encounter diagnoses for obstetric, cardiovascular, neurovascular, and pulmonary complications. This data allows providers to identify antenatal COVID-19 infection as a risk factor and monitor patients for complications.

Disclosure
No.
(126) MATERNAL MENTAL AND SEXUAL WELLNESS
Authors: Glenn V , Lam K , Bachmann G 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Birth trauma can affect physical, mental, and sexual health of post-partum individuals.

Objective
Our aim is to review the effects of birth trauma on maternal mental and sexual wellness in minority women.

Methods
In this literature review, we first defined birth trauma through the DSM-5 and its connection between patient treatment. We then analyzed the impacts of physical birth trauma on sexual wellness in women, with a focus on perineal tearing, dyspareunia, and return to sexual activity postpartum. Along with birth traumas impact on postpartum mental health conditions such as post-traumatic stress and depression. We analyzed further data regarding the causes of maternal mortality, reviewing prevalence of mental health conditions, suicide, and preventability of these deaths. We then analyzed data regarding reporting discrimination faced by minority women, prevalence of minority maternal and baby mortality, and complication rates.

Results
Data show that birth trauma negatively affects maternal mental and sexual health. Factors contributing to birth trauma can be described as interpersonal, psychological, or physical. Physical birth trauma can result from third- or fourth-degree perineal tears which has been linked to increased risk for dyspareunia. Dyspareunia, low libido, and other sexual issues can be challenging for women postpartum. Any degree of vaginal or perineal trauma can cause such sexual health issues. Additionally, overall sexual function can decline during pregnancy making it challenging to return to previous levels of sexual function with associated physical trauma. Birth trauma can cause various psychological effects such as post-traumatic stress, depression, or other mental health conditions. Taking preventative measures to ameliorate birth trauma can increase maternal mental and sexual wellness. It also is important to note the disparities faced by minority women in obstetrics. Minority women are at a higher risk for experiencing a negative birthing process. In general, minority communities face challenges in accessing the necessary resources to mitigate birth trauma or receive sufficient mental and sexual health care. In addition, many minority communities stigmatize mental and sexual health, preventing them from accessing the care they need. Since underserved, minority women have more morbidity and mortality associated with pregnancy and delivery than other populations of women, they are more subject to adverse outcomes, including compromised sexual function.

Conclusions
Acknowledging racism and stigmas in obstetrics is necessary for establishing culturally competent and equitable healthcare. This is important for creating a safe and positive environment for mothers during the birthing process, lessening the chances of birth trauma, and therefore improving overall maternal mental and sexual wellness post-partum.

Disclosure
No.
A strategy for studying epigenetic diversity in natural populations: proof of concept in poplar and oak
Authors: Lesur Isabelle , Rogier Odile , Sow Mamadou Dia , Boury Christophe , Duplan Alexandre , Garnier Abel , Senhaji-Rachik Abdeljalil , Civan Peter , Daron Josquin , Delaunay Alain , Duvaux Ludovic , Benoit Vanina , Guichoux Erwan , Le Provost Grégoire , Sanou Edmond , Ambroise Christophe , Plomion Christophe , Salse Jérôme , Segura Vincent , Tost Jörg , Maury Stéphane 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In the last 20 years, several techniques have been developed for quantifying DNA methylation, the most studied epigenetic marks in eukaryotes, including the gold standard method, whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS). WGBS quantifies genome-wide DNA methylation but has several inconveniences rendering it less suitable for population-scale epigenetic studies. The high cost of deep sequencing and the large amounts of data generated prompted us to seek an alternative approach. Restricting studies to parts of the genome would be a satisfactory alternative had there not been a major limitation: the need to select upstream targets corresponding to differentially methylated regions as targets. Given the need to study large numbers of samples, we propose a strategy for investigating DNA methylation variation in natural populations, taking into account the structural complexity of genomes, their size, and their content in unique coding regions versus repeated regions as transposable elements. We first identified regions of highly variable DNA methylation in a subset of genotypes representative of the biological diversity in the population by WGBS. We then analysed the variations of DNA methylation in these targeted regions at the population level by sequencing capture bisulfite (SeqCapBis). The entire strategy was then validated by applying it to another species. Our strategy was developed as a proof of concept on natural populations of two forest species: Populus nigra and Quercus petraea.
UVIT Study of the MAgellanic Clouds (U-SMAC) – I. Recent star formation history and kinematics of the Shell region in the north-eastern Small Magellanic Cloud
Authors: Hota Sipra , Subramaniam Annapurni , Dhanush S R , Cioni Maria-Rosa L , Subramanian Smitha 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
The interactions between the Magellanic Clouds significantly affect the shape and distribution of the young stellar population, particularly in the periphery of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). We present the first far-UV (FUV) map of the north-east SMC-Shell region using the Ultra Violet Imaging Telescope (UVIT) onboard AstroSat. The detected FUV stars are combined with Gaia Early Data Release 3 data to create a FUV–optical catalogue of ∼14 400 stars. FUV–optical colour-magnitude diagrams are used along with isochrones to estimate the stellar ages. The detected stars are formed in multiple episodes. We identified two episodes of star formation (∼60 and ∼260 Myr ago), where the episode at ∼260 Myr is linked to the recent interaction with the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and the episode at ∼60 Myr is linked to the pericentric passage of the SMC around our Galaxy. The median proper motion (PM) and velocity dispersion are found to be similar to the SMC main body, indicating that this region has not experienced significant tidal effects. The FUV stellar surface density and the dispersion in PM suggest that the extent of the inner SMC in the north-east direction to be around 2.2°. We detect arm-like and arc-like structures in the FUV stellar density map, and their kinematics appear to be similar to the SMC main body. These extended outer features are the spatial stellar overdensities formed over multiple episodes of star formation, but without apparent kinematic distinction.
Turbulence and the characteristics of circumstellar discs
Authors: Riaz R , Schleicher D R G , Vanaverbeke S , Klessen Ralf S , Saavedra-Bastidas J 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
We investigate the properties of circumstellar discs (CDs) produced in hydrodynamical simulations of gravoturbulent core collapse considering Kolmogorov and Burger-type turbulence. We report that massive discs are more prevalent in the Kolmogorov regime than for Burger-type turbulence. A significant number of discs are formed with a radius of ∼15 au in both cases. However, the number of extended discs with radii &gt;15 au is significantly larger in case of Kolmogorov turbulence. The two regimes of turbulence, in general, yield disc radii in the ranges of 7−30 au and 13−39 au, respectively. The corresponding ranges of the disc masses are 30.37 MJup−0.92 M⊙ and 2.09 MJup−0.13 M⊙, respectively. Moreover, the ratio Mdisc/Mstar is higher in models of Kolmogorov-type turbulence than in models of Burgers-type turbulence. We do not find any correlation between Rdisc and Mdisc over the explored range of initial temperatures (8−14 K) and the type of turbulence. Also, for these initial thermal variations, the turbulent CD structures do not exhibit signs of turbulent diffusion. Nonetheless, both sub- and supersonic velocity dispersions cause variations in the specific angular momentum of infalling gas, especially for CDs with radii ∼ 16−21 au. The radial profiles of CDs do not correlate with the initial conditions.
Polar alignment of a dusty circumbinary disc – I. Dust ring formation
Authors: Smallwood Jeremy L , Lin Min-Kai , Aly Hossam , Nealon Rebecca , Longarini Cristiano 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
We investigate the formation of dust traffic jams in polar-aligning circumbinary discs. We use 3D smoothed particle hydrodynamical simulations of both gas and dust to model an initially highly misaligned circumbinary disc around an eccentric binary. As the circumbinary disc evolves to a polar configuration (perpendicular to the binary orbital plane), the difference in the precession between the gas and dust produces dust traffic jams, which become dense dust rings. We find the formation of dust rings exists for different Stokes number, binary eccentricity, and initial disc tilt. Dust rings are only produced while the circumbinary disc is misaligned to the binary orbital plane. When the disc becomes polar aligned, the dust rings are still present and long-lived. Once these dust rings are formed, they drift inward. The drift time-scale depends on the Stokes number. The lower the Stokes number, the faster the dust ring drifts near the inner edge of the disc. The dust rings will have an increased mid-plane dust-to-go ratio, which may be a favourable environment for the steaming instability to operate.
Self-consistent modelling of the Milky Way structure using live potentials
Authors: Durán-Camacho Eva , Duarte-Cabral Ana , Pettitt Alex R , Treß Robin G , Clark Paul C , Klessen Ralf S , Bogue Kamran R J , Smith Rowan J , Sormani Mattia C 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
To advance our understanding of the evolution of the interstellar medium (ISM) of our Galaxy, numerical models of Milky Way (MW) type galaxies are widely used. However, most models only vaguely resemble the MW (e.g. in total mass), and often use imposed analytic potentials (which cannot evolve dynamically). This poses a problem in asserting their applicability for the interpretation of observations of our own Galaxy. The goal of this work is to identify a numerical model that is not only an MW-type galaxy, but one that can mimic some of the main observed structures of our Galaxy, using dynamically evolving potentials, so that it can be used as a base model to study the ISM cycle in a galaxy like our own. This paper introduces a suite of 15 MW-type galaxy models developed using the arepo numerical code, that are compared to Galactic observations of $^{12}$CO and H i emission via longitude–velocity plots, from where we extract and compare the skeletons of major galactic features and the terminal gas velocities. We found that our best-fitting model to the overall structure, also reproduces some of the more specific observed features of the MW, including a bar with a pattern speed of $30.0 \pm 0.2$ km s$^{-1}$ kpc$^{-1}$, and a bar half-length of $3.2 \pm 0.8$ kpc. Our model shows large streaming motions around spiral arms, and strong radial motions well beyond the inner bar. This model highlights the complex motions of a dynamic MW-type galaxy and has the potential to offer valuable insight into how our Galaxy regulates the ISM and star formation.