bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender does not influence outcomes and complications in medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty
Authors: Royon Thibaut , Foissey Constant , Fontalis Andreas , Planchet Fréderic , Servien Elvire , Batailler Cécile , Lustig Sébastien 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurposeThe impact of gender on the outcomes of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) remains a topic of active discussion with limited exploration thus far. The study aims to elucidate the gender effect on clinical outcomes, complications, pre‐ and postoperative radiological outcomes following the implantation of a medial UKA at mid‐term follow‐up in a large section of patients.MethodsThis was a single‐centre, retrospective cohort study encompassing patients undergoing medial UKA between 2011 and 2019. The International Knee Society (IKS) Knee and Function score, patient satisfaction, complications, revisions, pre‐ and postoperative radiological outcomes (coronal plane alignment, femoral and tibial component positioning, posterior tibial slope) were evaluated. Survival rate at the time of the last follow‐up was also recorded.ResultsOf the 366 knees that met the inclusion criteria, 10 were lost to follow‐up, accounting for a 2.7% loss. Mean follow‐up was 5.2 ± 2 years [2.1–11.3]. Out of the total population, 205 patients were females (57.6%, 205/356) and 151 were males (42.4%, 151/356). Men exhibited superior pre‐ and postoperative IKS function scores (p = 0.017). However, no significant differences were observed between women and men regarding improvements of IKS Knee and Function scores, radiographic outcomes and implant survivorship.ConclusionAt a mean follow‐up of 5 years, this study revealed no significant impact of gender on clinical outcomes and complications in patients undergoing medial UKA. Furthermore, no significant differences were evident in radiographic outcomes, implant positioning and knee phenotype.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
Arthroscopic repair of the tibiotalar fascicle of deltoid ligament is feasible through anterior ankle arthroscopy
Authors: Guelfi Matteo , Vega Jordi , Malagelada Francesc , Dalmau‐Pastor Miki 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurposeAlthough arthroscopic repair of the deltoid ligament is becoming a popular procedure, no studies have assessed which bundles of the deltoid ligament can be reached by anterior ankle arthroscopy. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of the arthroscopic repair of the deep layer of the deltoid ligament. In addition, it aimed to correlate which fascicle of the superficial layer of the deltoid ligament corresponds to the deep fascicle visualised by arthroscopy.MethodsArthroscopy was performed in 12 fresh frozen ankles by two foot and ankle surgeons. With the arthroscope introduced through the anterolateral portal, the medial compartment and the deltoid ligament were explored in ankle dorsiflexion without distraction. Using a suture passer introduced percutaneously, the most posterior fibres of the deep deltoid ligament visualised by anterior arthroscopy were tagged. Then, the ankles were dissected to identify the deep and superficial bundles of the deltoid ligament tagged with a suture.ResultsIn all specimens (100%), the intermediate part of the tibiotalar fascicle, corresponding to the fibres originating from the anterior colliculus, was tagged with a suture. The posterior part of the tibiotalar fascicle was never tagged with a suture. In all specimens, the intermediate part of the tibiotalar fascicle grasped by the suture correlated with the tibiospring fascicle of the superficial layer.ConclusionsThe current study demonstrates the feasibility of the arthroscopic repair of the deep fascicle of the deltoid ligament. By performing anterior arthroscopy, it is possible to visualise and repair the intermediate part of the tibiotalar fascicle (deep layer of the deltoid ligament). These fibres correspond to the tibiospring fascicle of the superficial layer. The clinical relevance of the current study is that the arthroscopic repair of the deep layer of the deltoid ligament is feasible through anterior ankle arthroscopy.Level of EvidenceNot applicable.
Smartphone‐Based Molecularly Imprinted Photonic Crystal Hydrogel Sensor for the Label‐Free Detection of Bisphenol A
Authors: Sree Sanker S. S. , Thomas Subin , Nalini Savitha , Jacob Dhanya P. , Suniya Vathiyedath Sulaiman , Madhusoodanan Kottarathil Naduvil 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHere, the implementation of a smartphone‐based portable molecularly imprinted photonic crystal hydrogel (MIPCH) colorimetric sensor for the visual and label‐free detection of bisphenol A (BPA) in water samples is reported. The sensor is prepared by photopolymerizing BPA‐added hydrogel precursor solution within the voids of a photonic crystal opal film, followed by the extraction of BPA molecules. Rebinding of the BPA analyte to the MIPCH causes the hydrogel to swell, leading to a significant redshift in the diffracting spectrum. The MIPCH sensor exhibits a low limit of detection of 0.96  ×  10−15m. The sensor also shows linear response in the femtomolar range, rapid responsiveness (≤6 min), selective detection of BPA in complex matrices, long‐term stability, and reproducibility. Images of the sensor responses are used to train a deep‐learning‐based regression model on a smartphone to predict the BPA concentration quantitatively. Integration of the regression model with the developed sensor provides an accurate and portable smart sensor platform well‐suited for real‐time and on‐field monitoring of BPA.
Temperature‐Adaptative Self‐Oscillating Gels: Toward Autonomous Biomimetic Soft Actuators with Broad Operating Temperature Region
Authors: Lee Won Seok , Enomoto Takafumi , Akimoto Aya Mizutani , Yoshida Ryo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSelf‐oscillating gel systems exhibiting an expanded operating temperature and accompanying functional adaptability are showcased. The developed system contains nonthermoresponsive main‐monomers, such as N,N‐dimethylacrylamide (DMAAm) or 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) or acrylamide (AAm) or 3‐(methacryloylamino)propyl trimethylammonium chloride (MAPTAC). The gels volumetrically self‐oscillate within the range of the conventional (20.0 °C) and extended (27.0 and 36.5 °C) temperatures. Moreover, the gels successfully adapt to the environmental changes; they beat faster and smaller as the temperature increases. The period and amplitude are also controlled by tuning the amount of main‐monomers and N‐(3‐aminopropyl) acrylamide. Furthermore, the record amplitude in the bulk gel system consisting of polymer strand and cross‐linker at 36.5 °C is achieved (≈10.8%). The study shows new self‐oscillation systems composed of unprecedented combinations of materials, giving the community a robust material‐based insight for developing more life‐like autonomous biomimetic soft robots with various operating temperatures and beyond.
Preparation of Temperature‐Responsive Films Based on PNVCL Microgel with Varying Sizes and Cross‐Linking Degrees for Cell Harvesting
Authors: Wang Tao , Liu Chang , Li Yu , Zhang Lifen , Cheng Zhenping 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis work reports preparing thermal responsive poly (N‐isovinylcaprolactam) (PNVCL) microgel based films for cell growth and detachment. PNVCL microgels of hydrated size ranging from 386 to 815 nm (25 °C) and different crosslinking degree are prepared. The PNVCL microgels can be rapidly and massively deposited on glass by spin coating method. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and water contact angle (WCA) are used to study the influence of crosslinking degree and particle size on the surface morphology, stability, and hydrophilicity of PNVCL microgel film. The cell activity of the desorbed cells is quantitatively characterized employing human normal lung epithelial cells (BEAS‐2B). The results show that BEAS‐2B cells can be desorbed quickly from the film in 30 min, and the optical density (OD) value of desorbed cells incubated after 3 d increases by approximately 52% compared to the control group. This study broadens the selection of temperature‐sensitive film for cell harvesting, and provides a new tool for the quantitative characterization of desorbed cells.
Regulating the Chiroptical Expression of Aggregated Solvophobic Core by Solvophilic Segments
Authors: Wang Yuqing , Guo Jiaying , He Zixiang , Zhou Zhenyang , Shi Shengyu , Cheng Xiaoxiao , Zhang Wei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe investigation of chiral supramolecular stacking is of essential significance for the understanding of the origin of homochirality in nature. Unlike structurally well‐defined amphiphilic liposomes, it remains unclear whether the solvophilic segments of the amphiphilic block copolymer play a decisive role in the construction of asymmetric superstructures. Herein, insights are presented into the stacking patterns and morphological regulation in azobenzene‐containing block copolymer assemblies solely by modulating the solvophilic chain length. The solvophilic poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) segments of different molecular weights could cause multi‐mode chirality inversions involving stacking transitions between intra‐chain π–π stacking, inter‐chain H‐ and J‐aggregation. Furthermore, the length of the solvophilic PMAA also affects the morphology of the chiral supramolecular assemblies; rice grain‐like micelles, worms, nanofibers, floccules, and lamellae can be prepared at different solvophilic–solvophobic balance. The comprehensive mechanism is collectively revealed by utilizing various measurement methods, such as including circular dichroism (CD), small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS), and wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD). This study highlights the critical importance of fully dissolved solvophilic segments for the chiroptical regulation of the aggregated core, providing new insights into the arrangement of chiral supramolecular structures in polymer systems.
Numerical Modeling and Simulation of the Nonisothermal Double Quench Phase Separation Process for the Production of Polymeric Membranes Using Polystyrene‐Cyclohexanol Polymer Solution
Authors: Ranjbarrad Samira , Chan Philip K. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe double quench phase separation is a simplified type of continuous cooling process that is widely seen in industrial processes for polymeric membrane formation. Uncommon quenching conditions can lead to the creation of novel membrane microstructures. This study aims to theoretically investigate the impact of nonisothermality on the morphology formation during the double‐quench thermally‐induced phase separation process. First, quench is employed during different stages of phase separation to observe the possibility of secondary morphology formation. Next, two initial quench temperatures are selected, one shallow and the other deep. The initial solution temperature and the secondary quench temperature are kept constant to inspect the impact of the initial quench temperature on the structure formation. Lastly, the results of the secondary quench are compared with and without employing the enthalpy of demixing. Results verified that the stage of phase separation, the initial and secondary quench temperatures, cooling rate, and the secondary quench composition are the most important parameters in the the nonisothermal double quench phase separation process. The morphology should be well‐developed in order for the secondary structure formation. In addition, it is shown that heat generation during demixing in the primary and secondary quenches significantly influences the secondary morphology formation.
Dietary Intake of Yeast‐Derived β‐Glucan and Rice‐Derived Arabinoxylan Induces Dose‐Dependent Innate Immune Priming in Mice
Authors: Moerings Bart G. J. , Mes Jurriaan J. , van Bergenhenegouwen Jeroen , Govers Coen , van Dijk Miriam , Witkamp Renger F. , van Norren Klaske , Abbring Suzanne 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBeta‐glucans and arabinoxylans are known for their immunostimulatory properties. However, in vivo these have been documented almost exclusively following parenteral administration, underemphasizing oral intake.C57BL/6 mice are fed either a control diet or a diet supplemented with yeast‐derived whole β‐glucan particle (yWGP) or with rice‐derived arabinoxylan (rice bran‐1) at a concentration of 1%, 2.5%, or 5% weight/weight (w/w) for 2 weeks. Thereafter, cells from blood, bone marrow, and spleen are collected for ex vivo stimulation with various microbial stimuli. Dietary intake of yWGP for 2 weeks at concentrations of 1% and 2.5% w/w increases ex vivo cytokine production in mouse blood and bone marrow, whereas 5% w/w yWGP shows no effect. In the spleen, cytokine production remains unaffected by yWGP. At a concentration of 1% w/w, rice bran‐1 increases ex vivo cytokine production by whole blood, but 2.5% and 5% w/w cause inhibitory effects in bone marrow and spleen.This study demonstrates that dietary yWGP and rice bran‐1 induce immune priming in mouse blood and bone marrow, with the strongest effects observed at 1% w/w. Future human trials should substantiate the efficacy of dietary β‐glucans and arabinoxylans to bolster host immunity, focusing on dose optimization.
Design and Synthesis of Polyheterocyclic Compounds Containing Pyrazolopyridopyrimidine Nucleus with Antimicrobial Activities
Authors: El‐Essawy Farag A. , Odah Mohammad Ahmad Ahmad 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study reports the design, synthesis, and antibacterial evaluation of a library of novel polyheterocyclic derivatives featuring a unique fused pyrimidopyridopyrazole moiety. A cyclocondensation reaction between an amino−pyrazolopyridopyrimidine precursor and malonates afforded a series of pyrimidopyridopyrazolopyrimidine derivatives. Further diversification was achieved through nucleophilic cyclocondensation, yielding a collection of complex polyheterocyclic systems encompassing various ring structures. All synthesized compounds were rigorously characterized using spectroscopic techniques and elemental analysis. The antibacterial activity of the newly synthesized compounds was assessed against a panel of Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria. Notably, several compounds exhibited promising antibacterial activity, highlighting their potential as leads for the development of novel antibiotics.
Synthesis of aminopyrazine‐based fire resistant additive and its application in epoxy resin
Authors: Ma Menghua , Yang Qixiang , Meng Tiantian , Wei Yuxin , Pan Yi , Chen Rui 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA new fire retardency APD was synthesized successfully by the condensation between 2‐aminopyrazine and DOPO, and target product APD was characterized by NMR. Absorption peak at 12.6 ppm in 31P NMR verified complete consumption of the reactant DOPO and further confirmed the structure of APD. The safety of epoxy resin (EP) in fire disaster was dramatically improved by introduction of APD. Epoxy resin modified with 8% APD succeeded in vertical burning (UL‐94) test with V‐0 rating and limited oxygen index (LOI) of EP/8% APD was also improved to 33.9%. Cone calorimeter (CC) test further exhibited fire resistant effect of APD on EP in detail. 11.0 g APD reduced total heat release of 100 g EP to 35.1% and reduced total smoke product of 100 g EP to 19.9%. Char residue from CC test of EP/8% APD was analyzed by Raman, XPS, SEM, and FTIR tests. The results of these tests indicated that compact morphology of char residue from EP/8% APD possessed a positive effect in blocking fire spread.Highlights
APD was synthesized and fire resistant EP was made.
EP/APD acquired outstanding fire resistance and moderate mechanical properties.
APD played fire resistant role in gas phase and condensed phase.
Toward recycling polyolefin wastes via single‐step solid‐state friction extrusion
Authors: Ni Yelin , Li Xiao , Wang Tianhao , Meyer Pimphan , Ramos Jose , Simmons Kevin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPlastic recycling facilities deal with single‐ and mixed‐stream plastic waste. Clean single‐stream waste is sold as clean flake, or the flake is converted to pellets for material handling. The flake conversion process uses a conventional melt‐phase extruder to convert extruded filaments that are cooled and then pelletized. Friction extrusion (FE), a solid phase processing technique that has successfully extruded metal and metal matrix composites with desired properties, has never been utilized to address its ability to process plastic wastes. In this study, FE was performed on single‐stream low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) and single‐stream polypropylene (PP). Consolidated filaments of 2.5 mm diameter were extruded from different polymers. The energy efficiency of FE was estimated based on extrusion rates. A potentially 50%–80% reduction in energy cost was calculated for FE compared to the conventional melt extrusion process. Thermal properties of pellets and extruded filaments were measured to evaluate the effects of FE process on the molecular and morphological structures of LDPE and PP. The thermal properties of PP before and after FE were not significantly changed. For LDPE, the melting and crystallization temperatures increased by 3 and 7°C while the degree of crystallinity decreased by 3%, probably associated with side chain realignment under shearing.Highlights
Direct extruded polyolefin into filaments without melting via friction extrusion.
Estimated over 50% energy reduction compared melt extrusion process.
This novel mechanical process does not degrade polyolefin material.
Towards a cutting‐edge metallization process for silicon heterojunction solar cells with very low silver laydown
Authors: Lorenz Andreas , Wenzel Timo , Pingel Sebastian , Sabet Milad Salimi , Retzlaff Marc , Clement Florian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWithin this work, we investigate the potential to optimize the screen‐printed front side metallization of silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells. Three iterative experiments are conducted to evaluate the impact of the utilized fine mesh screen configurations and grid layout adaption (finger pitch) for the front side metallization on silver laydown and electrical performance of the solar cells. With respect to the screen configuration, we compare the performance of a fine‐mesh knotless screen to a conventionally angled screen demonstrating an additional gain of Δη = +0.1%abs due to reduced shading losses. Additionally, a grid layout is improved by increasing the number of contact fingers from 120 to 156. Furthermore, the current possibility to push the fine‐line printing process for low‐temperature pastes to the limit is investigated by reducing the nominal finger width wn to 20, 18, and 15 μm. It is shown that even the smallest nominal width of wn = 15 μm can be printed with high quality, leading to an additional efficiency gain of Δη = +0.15%abs as well as a reduction of silver paste laydown by −5 mg. Finally, a batch of champion cells is fabricated by applying the findings of the previous experiments, which results in a maximum efficiency of ηmax = 23.2%. Compared to the reference group without optimization, this corresponds to a gain of Δη = +0.17%abs, which comes along with an additional decrease of the silver paste laydown by approximately −2 mg. This emphasizes the significance of consistent optimization of the screen‐printing process in terms of cell performance and resource utilization for SHJ solar cells.
Analysis of time‐dependent mechanical behavior of polyethylene
Authors: Jar P.‐Y. Ben 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNew data analysis based on a spring‐dashpot model is developed to provide very close simulation of stress variation in polyethylene (PE) when subjected to a multi‐relaxation (MR) test. The model consists of a quasi‐static branch and two (long‐ and short‐term) viscous branches. The study shows that viscous stresses applied to the two dashpots and the model parameters can be quantified as functions of displacement (stroke) by simulating closely the stress variation in relaxation. Using these parameters, influences of stress triaxiality and material grade on PE's stress response at relaxation stages are examined, and along with experimental data at the loading stages, spring constants in the two viscous branches are determined. The results indicate that among three PE grades, spring constants and their trend of variation are similar in the long‐term viscous branch, but not in the short‐term counterpart. The results also show that by decreasing specimen gauge length 10 times to increase stress triaxiality, spring constants in the two viscous branches become closer to each other. The work concludes that the new data analysis can determine all parameters in the model, which can then be considered to quantify the role of the viscous stress response for PE's load‐carrying performance.Highlights
Use a simple model to simulate complex, multiple relaxation behaviors of PE.
Determine all model parameter values to characterize PE's relaxation behavior.
Illustrate the effect of stress triaxiality on PE's viscous stress response.
Show the similarity and difference of the viscous stress response among 3 PEs.
From flesh to bones: Multi‐omics approaches in forensic science
Authors: Procopio Noemi , Bonicelli Andrea 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRecent advancements in omics techniques have revolutionised the study of biological systems, enabling the generation of high‐throughput biomolecular data. These innovations have found diverse applications, ranging from personalised medicine to forensic sciences. While the investigation of multiple aspects of cells, tissues or entire organisms through the integration of various omics approaches (such as genomics, epigenomics, metagenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics) has already been established in fields like biomedicine and cancer biology, its full potential in forensic sciences remains only partially explored. In this review, we have presented a comprehensive overview of state‐of‐the‐art analytical platforms employed in omics research, with specific emphasis on their application in the forensic field for the identification of the cadaver and the cause of death. Moreover, we have conducted a critical analysis of the computational integration of omics approaches, and highlighted the latest advancements in employing multi‐omics techniques for forensic investigations.
Rapid discrimination of geographical origin of garlic (Allium sativum L.): A metabolomic approach applied to paper spray mass spectrometry data
Authors: Leite Victor dos Santos Azevedo , Ikehara Brena Rodrigues Mota , Almeida Natália Reis de , Augusti Rodinei , Pinto Frederico Garcia 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionDistinguishing and categorizing the origin of garlic are highly significant, considering its widespread use as a flavoring agent. With billions of dollars annually in global trade, garlic is frequently susceptible to fraudulent practices.MethodologyPaper spray ionization mass spectrometry (PS‐MS) was employed to quickly analyze garlic samples from distinct geographic origins: China and Brazil. The so‐generated PS‐MS data were treated with metabolomic multivariate approaches, and the garlic samples from these different geographic regions were easily discriminated.ResultsBrazilian garlic was characterized to contain higher levels of amino acids, such as arginine, proline, and valine, and organosulfur compounds, such as allicin, alliin, and l‐γ‐glutamil‐S‐allyl‐l‐cysteine, compared to Chinese garlic. The PS‐MS data were treated employing multivariate approaches, typically used in the metabolomics field, and this protocol was promptly able to discern among both types of samples.ConclusionHence, this combined strategy holds promise not only as an effective tool for the authentication of the geographical origin of garlic but also as a powerful means for biomarker discovery.