bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CandeSpartan Study: Candesartan Spanish Response-prediction and Tolerability study in migraine
Authors: García-Azorín David , Martínez-Badillo Cristina , Camiña Muñiz Javier , Gago-Veiga Ana Beatriz , Morollón Sánchez Noemi , González-Quintanilla Vicente , Porta-Etessam Jesús , Sierra-Mencía Alvaro , González-García Nuria , González-Osorio Yésica , Polanco-Fernandez Marcos , Recio-García Andrea , Belvis Nieto Robert , Guerrero-Peral Angel Luis 
Published: April 2024

Introduction Effectiveness of candesartan in migraine prevention is supported by two randomized controlled trials. We aimed to assess the effectiveness, tolerability, and response predictors of candesartan in the preventive treatment of migraine. Methods Observational, multicenter, prospective cohort study. The 50%, 75% and 30% responder rates, between weeks 8–12 and 20–24, were compared with the baseline. Treatment emergent adverse effects were systematically evaluated. Response predictors were estimated by multivariate regression models. Results Eighty-six patients were included, 79.1% females, aged 39.5 (inter-quartile range [IQR] 26.3–50.3), with chronic migraine (43.0%), medication overuse headache (55.8%) and a median of two (inter-quartile range: 0.75–3) prior preventive treatments. At baseline patients had 14 (10–24) headache and 8 (5–11) migraine days per month. The 30%, 50% and 75% responder rates were 40%, 34.9% and 15.1% between weeks 8–12, and 48.8%, 36%, and 18.6% between weeks 20–24. Adverse effects were reported by 30 (34.9%) and 13 (15.1%) patients between weeks 0–12 and 12–24, leading to discontinuation in 15 (17.4%) patients. Chronic migraine, depression, headache days per month, medication overuse headache, and daily headache at baseline predicted the response between weeks 20–24. Conclusion Candesartan effectiveness and tolerability in migraine prevention was in line with the clinical trials’ efficacy. Trial registration: The study protocol is registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04138316).
Physical impairment during and between migraine attacks: A daily diary study of patients with chronic migraine
Authors: Whitaker David J , Dumkrieger Gina M , Hentz Joseph G , Dodick David W , Schwedt Todd J 
Published: April 2024

Objective While a substantial body of research describes the disabling impacts of migraine attacks, less research has described the impacts of migraine on physical functioning between migraine attacks. The objective of this study is to describe physical impairment during and between migraine attacks as a dimension of burden experienced by people living with chronic migraine. Methods The physical impairment domain of the Migraine Physical Function Impact Diary was recorded in headache diaries from the Medication Overuse Treatment Strategy trial. Days with moderate to severe headache were used to approximate migraine attacks. Factor analysis and regression analysis were used to describe associations between migraine and physical impairment. Results 77,662 headache diary entries from 720 participants were analyzed, including 25,414 days with moderate to severe headache, 19,149 days with mild headache, and 33,099 days with no headache. Mean physical impairment score was 41.5 (SD = 26.1) on days with moderate to severe headache, 12.8 (SD = 15.0) on days with mild headache, and 5.2 (SD = 13.1) on days with no headache. Physical impairment on days with mild headache and days with no headache was significantly associated with days since last moderate to severe headache, physical impairment with last moderate to severe headache, mild headache (compared to no headache), depression, hypersensitivities and cranial autonomic symptoms. Conclusions Physical impairment occurs on migraine and non-migraine days. Study participants with frequent headaches, symptoms of depression, hypersensitivities and cranial autonomic symptoms experience physical impairment at a higher rate on days with no headache and days with mild headache. Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02764320)
Portraying Political Ideas of National Revolutionaries: A Case Study of Pandurang Mahadev Bapat
Authors: Singh Shri Prakash , Barthwal Prashant 
Published: April 2024

The term ‘revolutionary’ has a unique connotation in India’s struggle for national liberation. It refers to those freedom fighters who scrupulously believed in the efficacy of armed resistance to overthrow British rule in India and justified employing extremist techniques to achieve the objective. Consequently, national revolutionism creates a distinct stream of thinking in the Indian national movement from both the moderate and extremist currents in the movement. While there is no end to the literature on both moderate and extremist thinking in British India, the political philosophy of the revolutionaries has not been satisfactorily addressed by academia in a meaningful manner. While there are a few notable exceptions, social scientists in India have generally ignored the revolutionary political ideas because of the foundation of British authority over Indian land; the nation’s political development began to follow a pattern identical to the Western development model. Following that, some extensive Western influences were seen in education, economy, government organisation and administration, significantly impacting the intellectual development of the time. Moreover, the ideas of revolutionaries were, for the most part, immediate intellectual responses to the political challenges and crises that existed at the time of their birth. However, some of these topics were significant, such as formulating a critique of British imperialism, defining the national identity, reorganising Indian society and developing plans for national liberation. As a result, it will be necessary to examine and evaluate the political views of these revolutionaries in the context of the concerns and problems with which they were confronted at the time. This research explores and explains Bapat’s political thought and situates him in Maharashtra’s revolutionary and Hindu political traditions. Lastly, in the first instance, this research proposes a brief look at the development of Bapat’s political career, which played a vital role in shaping his political ideas. Then, it explores the significant politics of colonial and post-colonial times.
Kidney computed tomography perfusion in patients with ureteral obstruction
Authors: Belyaeva Ksenia , Rudenko Vadim , Serova Natalya , Morozov Andrey , Taratkin Mark , Androsov Alexander , Singla Nirmish , Shpunt Igal , Gomez Rivas Juan , Fajkovic Harun , Enikeev Dmitry , Kapanadze Lida 
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Kidney perfusion on CT is an encouraging surrogate for renal scintigraphy in assessing renal function. However, data on dynamic volumetric CT in patients with kidney obstruction is lacking. Thus, the aim of this study is to determine the feasibility of CT-based renal perfusion using a dynamic volume to assess renal hemodynamics at different degrees and durations of obstruction. Materials and methods: We included patients with unilateral kidney obstruction in our single-center, prospective study. The patients were divided into three groups. Patients without dilatation of the pelvicalyceal system (PCS) and normal parenchyma thickness were included into Group 1; patients with PCS dilatation and parenchyma thickness 1.8–2.4 cm—into Group 2; and patients with ureteropyelocalicoectasia and parenchyma thickness less than 1.8 cm—into Group 3. Results: Total of 56 patients were enrolled. In Group 1 mean values of cortical and medullar arterial blood flow, blood volume, and extraction fraction were within the normal range. Changes in contralateral kidney were not determined. Patients from Group 2 showed significant differences in blood flow parameters in the cortical and medulla of the obstructed kidney. No changes in perfusion values in the contralateral kidney was observed. In patients from Group 3 there was a marked decrease in perfusion on the side of obstruction compared to Group 2, indicating that the degree of expansion of the PCS directly correlates with the change in blood flow. However, in the contralateral kidney, these indicators exceeded the normal values of perfusion. Conclusion: CT perfusion allows to objectively assess changes in blood flow in the setting of renal obstruction. The degree of obstruction directly affects the measured rate of blood flow.
Evaluation of Teratogenic Profile of Combination of Lumacaftor and Ivacaftor in Sprague–Dawley Rats
Authors: Rajan Kattula Rao Vinay , Kumar K. Eswar 
Published: April 2024

Background The individual teratogenicity profiles of Lumacaftor and Ivacaftor are known, but the combined effects remain unexplored. Purpose To evaluate the teratogenic profile of a combination of Lumacaftor and Ivacaftor in Sprague-Dawley Rats. Materials and Methods This study adhered to the Committee for Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animals (CCSEA) and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) guidelines. Sprague–Dawley rats were acclimated and housed individually under controlled conditions. A polygamous breeding scheme was implemented, and pregnant female rats were assigned to control, vehicle control or treatment group following OECD Test Guideline 414. Lumacaftor and Ivacaftor were administered to pregnant rats at various doses, such as MRHD, 5MRHD, 8MRHD and 10MRHD, from gestation days 6 to 17. Clinical observations, body weight and food consumption of pregnant rats were monitored. Postmortem examinations included caesarean section, reproductive performance (the number of corpora lutea, implantation sites, early and late resorptions and live foetuses) and assessment of foetal analysis. The foetal analysis incorporated external malformation evaluation, visceral examination and skeletal examination using alizarin red solution. Results In pregnant rats exposed to Lumacaftor and Ivacaftor, the external examination was conducted on 206, 209, 199, 184, 198 and 201 foetuses in their respective groups, each consisting of 19 litters. Within this cohort, approximately 33% of foetuses underwent visceral examination. Additionally, across six groups approximately 50% of foetuses underwent skeletal examination. Importantly, no abnormalities were detected in skeletal, visceral or histopathological assessments across the treatment groups encompassing doses of a combination of Lumacaftor and Ivacaftor at MRHD, 5MRHD, 8MRHD and 10MRHD. Additionally, no significant morbidity or mortality related to the treatment was observed. Conclusion In conclusion, the study indicates that the combination of Lumacaftor and Ivacaftor at doses equivalent to MRHD, 5MRHD, 8MRHD and 10MRHD did not induce significant teratogenic effects, affirming their safety during pregnancy in rats.
Investigation of polypharmacy, antimicrobial-related potential drug–drug interactions in patients with hematological malignancies
Authors: Oktay Zeynep , Güner Rahmet , Kayaaslan Bircan , Hasanoğlu İmran , Kaya Kalem Ayşe , Özet Gülsüm 
Published: April 2024

Purpose Drug–drug interactions (DDIs) occur when one drug interferes with the pharmacological activity of another and can lead to increased side effects. The purpose of this study was to examine potential interactions between antimicrobials and other drugs in patients with hematological malignancies (HMs). Method The medications used by 233 patients with HMs before and during hospitalization in Ankara City Hospital Hematology Clinic services between January 2021 and July 2021 were examined. Potential DDIs (pDDIs) were identified through UptoDate, Drugs.com, and MedScape databases. The effects of major antimicrobial-related pDDIs on patients were examined. Agreement between the two interaction systems was judged based on the kappa test. SPSS R Version 4.0.2 was used in the statistical analysis of the data, p<.05 was considered significant. Results The prevalence of polypharmacy before hospitalization was determined as 22.7%. Diagnosed with acute leukemia and multiple myeloma, more antimicrobial-related pDDIs were detected during hospitalization ( p<.001). A total of 758 antimicrobial-related pDDIs, which were in the major category in at least one of the three databases, were detected in 72.5% (169/233) of the participants. It was determined that the total hospitalization period of patients with major antimicrobial-related pDDIs was longer ( p<.001). There was negligible agreement between UptoDate and Dugs.com and between Drugs.com and MedScape (kappa: 0.008 for both). There was no compatibility between UptoDate and MedScape (kappa<0). Conclusion Interactions between antimicrobials and other drugs are undesirable problems. Further studies are required to evaluate the clinical and economic effects of the interactions on patients with HMs.
A 12-Week Ballroom Dance Training Improves Physical Fitness Performance More Than Walking Training in Older Women, Regardless of Vitamin B12 or D Adequacy
Authors: da Silva Honorato Anderson , Gomes Bruna Prado , Scherer Fabiana Cristina , Pereira Camila , Junior Hélio Sanches , Cavazzotto Timothy Gustavo , Tomeleri Crisieli Maria , de Castro Teixeira Denilson 
Published: April 2024

Aim: This study aimed to compare the effects of Ballroom Dancing (BD) versus Walking Training (WT) on the physical fitness performance in physically independent older women with adequate or inadequate levels of vitamins B12 and D. Methods: Forty-three sedentary women aged 68.5 ± 6.5 years, were allocated to the BD (n = 23) or WT (n = 20) groups. They took part in a 12-week intervention, performed 3 times a week, for about 50 minutes with moderate effort intensity. Data were collected through Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), 6 minutes Walk Test (6MWT), Hand Grip Test (HGT), Isokinetic tests for lower limbs and blood tests to detect serum levels of vitamins B12 and D. Results: The BD group performed better after the intervention in relation to the WT in the Sit and Stand Test (SST) (BD pre = 3.1 score vs post = 3.8 score; WT pre = 2.8 score vs post = 3.4 score; P = .02) and in the Peak Torque 180° extension (PKTOQ 180° extension) (BD pre = 56.7 Nm vs post = 61.2 Nm, WT pre = 56.7 Nm vs post = 56.1; P < .01). Conclusion: A time effect was observed in all other variables, with the exception of HGT. Both interventions improved physical fitness performance, regardless of the adequacy of vitamins B12 and D, but the older women from BD obtained significant improvements in more variables than the WT.
HNF4A-Bridging the Gap Between Intestinal Metaplasia and Gastric Cancer
Authors: Zhao Yihang , Tang Hong , Xu Jianhua , Sun Feifei , Zhao Yuanyuan , Li Yang 
Published: April 2024

Background: Intestinal metaplasia (IM) of gastric epithelium has traditionally been regarded as an irreversible stage in the process of the Correa cascade. Exploring the potential molecular mechanism of IM is significant for effective gastric cancer prevention. Methods: The GSE78523 dataset, obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, was analyzed using RStudio software to identify the differently expressed genes (DEGs) between IM tissues and normal gastric epithelial tissues. Subsequently, gene ontology (GO) analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GESA), and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis were used to find potential genes. Additionally, the screened genes were analyzed for clinical, immunological, and genetic correlation aspects using single gene clinical correlation analysis (UALCAN), Tumor–Immune System Interactions Database (TISIDB), and validated through western blot experiments. Results: Enrichment analysis showed that the lipid metabolic pathway was significantly associated with IM tissues and the apolipoprotein B ( APOB) gene was identified in the subsequent analysis. Experiment results and correlation analysis showed that the expression of APOB was higher in IM tissues than in normal tissues. This elevated expression of APOB was also found to be associated with the expression levels of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4A ( HNF4A) gene. HNF4A was also found to be associated with immune cell infiltration to gastric cancer and was linked to the prognosis of gastric cancer patients. Moreover, HNF4A was also highly expressed in both IM tissues and gastric cancer cells. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that HNF4A regulates the microenvironment of lipid metabolism in IM tissues by targeting APOB. Higher expression of HNF4A tends to lead to a worse prognosis in gastric cancer patients implying it may serve as a predictive indicator for the progression from IM to gastric cancer.
Probiotics in autism spectrum disorder: Recent insights from animal models
Authors: Golbaghi Navid , Naeimi Saeideh , Darvishi Afra , Najari Niloofar , Cussotto Sofia 
Published: April 2024

Autism spectrum disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by a wide range of behavioral alterations, including impaired social interaction and repetitive behaviors. Numerous pharmacological interventions have been developed for autism spectrum disorder, often proving ineffective and accompanied by a multitude of side effects. The gut microbial alterations observed in individuals with autism spectrum disorder, including elevated levels of Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria, as well as reduced levels of Bifidobacterium, provide a basis for further investigation. Recent preclinical studies have shown favorable outcomes with probiotic therapy, including improvements in oxidative stress, anti-inflammatory effects, regulation of neurotransmitters, and restoration of microbial balance. The aim of this review is to explore the potential of probiotics for the management and treatment of autism spectrum disorder, by investigating insights from recent studies in animals. Lay abstract Autism spectrum disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by a wide range of behavioral alterations, including impaired social interaction and repetitive behaviors. Numerous pharmacological interventions have been developed for autism spectrum disorder, often proving ineffective and accompanied by a multitude of side effects. The gut microbiota is the reservoir of bacteria inhabiting our gastrointestinal tract. The gut microbial alterations observed in individuals with autism spectrum disorder, including elevated levels of Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria, as well as reduced levels of Bifidobacterium, provide a basis for further investigation into the role of the gut microbiota in autism spectrum disorder. Recent preclinical studies have shown favorable outcomes with probiotic therapy, including improvements in oxidative stress, anti-inflammatory effects, regulation of neurotransmitters, and restoration of microbial balance. The aim of this review is to explore the potential of probiotics for the management and treatment of autism spectrum disorder, by investigating insights from recent studies in animals.
The association of the physical and social environment with mortality in urban areas: an ecological study on the city of Bologna, Italy
Authors: Nicoli Aldini Teresa Giulia , Bygvraa Despoina Andrioti 
Published: April 2024

Aims: The urban environment influences health through many pathways. The aim of the present study was to map the distribution of mortality, environmental predictors (distribution of green areas and transport networks), and social predictors (income deprivation) in the mid-sized city of Bologna (Italy), and to analyse the relationship between these variables. Methods: The study employed an ecological cross-sectional design using data from public sources. The units of analysis were the 18 city districts. The percentage of green areas, percentage of transport networks and age-standardised mortality rates were calculated for each district. These variables, and an indicator of income deprivation, were plotted on the city map to analyse their distribution. Simple and multiple linear regressions with mortality as the outcome and environmental and social data as predictors were run. Results: The results showed an unequal distribution of the variables in the city, with the north-eastern districts presenting worse values. Green areas did not result significantly in being related to mortality. The income indicator and transport networks have an impact on mortality in the simple regression, but only transport networks were found to have a statistically significant relation with mortality in the multiple regression. Conclusions: The results suggested that living close to major transport networks could affect mortality rates in the city, but further research is needed. Future studies are also needed to analyse the interaction between environmental exposures and socioeconomic factors in affecting health. These findings can be useful for urban planning and health promotion interventions.
Median Effective Dose of Ciprofol Combined With Sufentanil for Inhibiting the Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Placement Reaction in Elderly Patients
Authors: Xiong Haojing , Xu Hechen , Yang Yang , Hu Bailong , Jiang Ke , Zou Xiaohua 
Published: April 2024

Objective Ciprofol is a new sedative anesthetic drug that can be used for gastrointestinal endoscopy and induction of general anesthesia, but the appropriate dosage for use in elderly patients has not been determined. Sufentanil is a commonly used opioid in clinical practice, and this study was designed to induce anesthesia in elderly patients using sufentanil in combination with ciprofol. However, the optimal dosage of ciprofol when it is co-administered with sufentanil has not yet been established. This study was designed to find the median effective dose (ED50) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of ciprofol for intravenous anesthesia when combined with sufentanil. Methods We studied 57 patients who were scheduled to undergo a diagnostic upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. According to age, it was divided into two groups: 65∼74 years old (group A) and over 75 years old (group B). Using the modified Dixon sequence test method, intravenous bolus of 0.1 μg/kg sufentanil was given 3 min before ciprofol is administered, the initial dose of ciprofol was 0.4 mg/kg, the upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was placed after reaching the depth of sedation, and vital signs and adverse events were recorded at each perioperative time point (T0-T7). Results In the group A, when combined with 0.1 μg/kg sufentanil, the ED50 of ciprofol to inhibiting responses to insertion of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was 0.23 mg/kg, and the 95% CI was 0.09∼0.30 mg/kg; in the group B, the ED50 was 0.18 mg/kg, and the 95% CI was 0.13∼0.22 mg/kg. Conclusion The ED50 of ciprofol in combination with sufentanil (0.1 μg/kg) for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in elderly patients: 0.23 mg/kg in group A and 0.18 mg/kg in group B.