bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Legal Status and Fertility Patterns: Regulation-Induced Disruption Among Previously Undocumented Immigrant Women in Italy
Authors: Molinari Rocco , Impicciatore Roberto , Ortensi Livia Elisa 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We explore, using a unique survey dataset containing retrospective information on immigrants’ legal status, the relationship between previous irregular experience—from arrival up to the first residence permit achievement—and fertility patterns among non-EU immigrant women in Italy. While competing hypotheses explaining migrants’ fertility behaviour have been recurrently offered, there is a substantial lack of knowledge on the role of undocumented experience as a contextual barrier in shaping international migrants’ family formation processes. We adopt a life-course approach, employing event history analysis and Poisson regression modelling, to investigate how irregularity among immigrant women intertwines with the timing of the first childbirth and the total number of births occurred in Italy. We find that irregular experience—as a time-dependent process—delays the transition to childbirth post-migration. Furthermore, having experienced irregular status reduces completed fertility, offering few possibilities to catch-up over the life-course with fertility levels of women continuously having the legal status. Findings suggest long-lasting effects of irregular status and the potential disruption of migrant’s fertility induced by migration policies, admission systems, and regulation factors. The reduced possibility of legal entry channels and lack of migration policies for planning and managing migration into Italy may thus have an impact on family formation trajectories among international immigrant women.
Improving Soft Subgrade Stability Using a Novel Sustainable Activated Binder Derived from By-Products
Authors: Jwaida Zahraa , Dulaimi Anmar , Jafer Hassnen , Mydin Md Azree Othuman , Al-Khafaji Ruqayah , Bernardo Luís Filipe Almeida 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSoft soil concerns, due to high compressibility and low bearing capacity, prompted an investigation into stabilizing clay soil. Traditionally, binder including cement or lime has been used as stabilizers though a current requirement of alternatives is stem from environmental concerns. The study focused on the viability of using a novel binary activated blended binder composed of environmentally friendly materials, namely ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) activated by cement kiln dust (CKD). The experimental work included investigating the impact of the developed binders on the Atterberg limits, standard Proctor compaction, California Bearing Ratio (CBR), unconfined compressive strength (UCS), and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM)/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. CBR tests were conducted after 7 days of curing or soaking, while UCS and SEM analyses were conducted after 7 and 28 days of curing. A fixed binder ratio of 9% was maintained, with GGBS blended at 25%, 50%, and 75% with CKD. For comparison, samples of untreated and treated soils with unary binders from GGBS and CKD were also prepared. Results indicated that activated binders notably decreased soil plasticity and maximum dry density, while elevating optimum moisture content, CBR, and UCS, especially in later stages of treated soil and unary GGBS binder. Unary CKD binder exhibited a similar trend to activated binders. The activating of 25% GGBS with 75% CKD provided the optimum binder which increased the mechanical strengths by about 6 times than untreated soil. SEM revealed substantial formations of C-S-H and C-A-H gel, along with ettringite, intensifying with time. This research provides viable outcomes for stabilizing clay soil using environmentally friendly binders, demonstrating significant improvements in soil properties, particularly when using the binary activated blended binder consisting of GGBS and CKD.
Graphical Abstract
Local strain heterogeneity and damage mechanisms in zirconia particle-reinforced TRIP steel MMCs: in situ tensile testing with digital image processing
Authors: Qayyum Faisal , Chiu ChenChun , Tseng ShaoChen , Rustamov Umid , Berndorf Susanne , Shen Fuhui , Guk Sergey , Chao ChingKong , Prahl Ulrich 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this work, the microstructural deformation and damage mechanisms of TRIP steel metal matrix composites (MMCs) reinforced with Magnesia Partially Stabilized Zirconia (Mg-PSZ) particles are investigated by employing in situ tensile testing within a scanning electron microscope chamber, complemented by digital image correlation and advanced image processing techniques. The study is carried out on samples with varied volume fractions (0%, 10%, and 20%) of zirconia particles and damage mechanisms in different samples under specified loading conditions. Through both qualitative and quantitative assessments of deformation, damage, and clustering, the investigation provides a comprehensive understanding of the distribution and damage initiation. The study findings reveal that, generally, the steel matrix exhibits high toughness, with minimal occurrences of microcracking at high strains that cause significant damage. In samples with increasing particle content, delamination at the matrix–particle interface and cracking of Mg-PSZ particles were found to be critical contributors to material failure and were quantitatively analyzed using computational analyses conducted with MATLAB. The work highlights the initiation and evolution of each damage mechanism in zirconia particle-reinforced TRIP steel MMCs to facilitate scientists and engineers in improving manufacturing and application decisions in industries such as automotive, aerospace, and heavy machinery, which demand materials with exceptional toughness and durability.
Graphical Abstract
FDI-6 inhibits VEGF-B expression in metastatic breast cancer: a combined in vitro and in silico study
Authors: Duzgun Zekeriya , Korkmaz Funda Demirtaş , Akgün Egemen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAngiogenesis is the process by which new blood vessels are formed to meet the oxygen and nutrient needs of tissues. This process is vitally important in many physiological and pathological conditions such as tumor growth, metastasis, and chronic inflammation. Although the relationship of FDI-6 compound with FOXM1 protein is well known in the literature, its relationship with angiogenesis is not adequately elucidated. This study investigates the relationship of FDI-6 with angiogenesis and vascular endothelial growth factor B (VEGF-B) protein expression alterations. Furthermore, the study aims to elucidate the in silico interaction of FDI-6 with the VEGFR1 protein, a key player in initiating the angiogenic process, which is activated through its binding with VEGF-B. Our results demonstrate a significant effect of FDI-6 on cell viability. Specifically, we determined that the IC50 value of FDI-6 in HUVEC cells after 24 h of treatment is 24.2 μM, and in MDA-MB-231 cells after 24 h of application, it is 10.8 μM. These findings suggest that the cytotoxic effect of FDI-6 varies depending on the cell type. In wound healing experiments, FDI-6 significantly suppressed wound closure in MDA-MB-231 cells but did not show a similar effect in HUVEC cells. This finding suggests FDI-6 may have potential cell-type-specific effects. Molecular docking studies reveal that FDI-6 exhibits a stronger interaction with the VEGFR1 protein compared to its inhibitor, a novel interaction not previously reported in the literature. Molecular dynamic simulation results demonstrate a stable interaction between FDI-6 and VEGFR1. This interaction suggests that FDI-6 might modulate mechanisms associated with angiogenesis. Our Western blot analysis results show regulatory effects of FDI-6 on the expression of the VEGF-B protein. We encourage exploration of FDI-6 as a potential therapeutic agent in pathological processes related to angiogenesis. In conclusion, this study provides a detailed examination of the relationship between FDI-6 and both the molecular interactions and protein expressions of VEGF-B. Our findings support FDI-6 as a potential therapeutic agent in pathological processes associated with angiogenesis.
A new approach to flood susceptibility analysis of urbanised alluvial fans: the case of Bursa City (Türkiye)
Authors: Corapci Furkan , Ozdemir Hasan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFloods stand out as one of the most significant disasters impacting human life, causing widespread economic and social damage across the globe. Numerous research studies have concentrated on comprehending the contributing factors of flooding. Despite the prevalence of morphometry-based basin flood susceptibility analyses in existing literature, a comprehensive examination that encompasses anthropogenic features in alluvial fans is notably lacking. This study aims to evaluate the flood susceptibility of alluvial fans and their catchments in urbanised areas, integrating individual and collective basin/fan (B/F) morphometry and land use characteristics with flood inventory data. The study area selected for this investigation is the basin and fan systems situated on the northern slope of the Uludağ Massif (2543 m), the highest point in the Marmara Region, northwestern Türkiye. Twelve basin morphometric parameters were applied to 5 m resolution Digital Elevation Model data, while six fan morphometric and anthropogenic parameters were applied to alluvial fans. In addition, the results were assessed using the Normalised Morphometric Flood Index method to mitigate subjectivity in result ranking. According to the integrated basin/fan flood susceptibility results obtained through bivariate analysis, B/F6 exhibits a very high susceptibility, while B/F1, B/F3, B/F2, B/F5, B/F4, and B11/F8 demonstrate high susceptibility. B7, 8, 9, 10/F7 display a moderate potential for generating floods. These findings align significantly with historical flood events in the basin/fan area.
Mission Design and Concept of Operations for the Lucy Mission
Authors: Olkin Catherine , Vincent Michael , Adam Coralie , Berry Kevin , Englander Jacob , Gray Sheila , Levison Hal , Salmon Julien , Spencer John , Stanbridge Dale , Sutter Brian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe Lucy mission is NASA’s 13th Discovery-class mission and the first mission to the Trojan asteroids. The spacecraft conducts flybys of 8 Trojan asteroids over the course of 12 years. A series of 3 Earth Gravity Assists are used to increase the aphelion of the spacecraft’s orbit and to target the final Trojan asteroid flyby. Over the course of 2 years the spacecraft conducts 4 flybys in the L4 swarm to explore 6 Trojan asteroids, which includes two small satellites. Near the end of the mission, Lucy flies past the near-equal size binary, Patroclus-Menoetius, in the L5 swarm. The concept of operations for the Trojan flybys invokes a standard timeline for spacecraft operations to allow a science sequence that is tailored to each Trojan asteroid. The concept of operations enables efficiency of observations and resiliency in the observing sequence to robustly meet the Lucy science requirements.
Temperature Measurements at Tyre Tread Rubber on Sandpaper Oscillatory Sliding Contacts Using Acicular Grindable Thermocouples
Authors: Nosko Oleksii , Tsybrii Yurii , Torrelio Arias Pablo Guillermo , Senatore Adolfo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe tribological performance of tyre–road contacts depends crucially on the contact temperature. This study investigates the reliability and accuracy of acicular grindable thermocouples possessing an original needle-shaped wearable part as applied to measuring temperature at the oscillatory sliding contact between a rubber tyre tread sample and a sandpaper. A linear oscillatory tribometer is used to imitate the sliding phase of tyre–road contact under mild friction conditions. It is shown that the acicular grindable thermocouple measurements are generally test–retest repeatable. Moreover, the thermocouple signal becomes more stable with increasing contact pressure. Compared to the conventional thermocouple technique, the acicular grindable thermocouple overestimates temperature at the rubber friction surface by about 23% due to involvements of its wearable part in friction with the sandpaper. The findings suggest an expansion of the acicular grindable thermocouple technique to full-scale experiments with tyres on the road.
Environmental thresholds for plant species richness of black alder (Alnus glutinosa) forests in Central Europe
Authors: Hrivnák Richard , Svitok Marek , Hegedüšová Vantarová Katarína , Jarolímek Ivan , Kochjarová Judita , Májeková Jana , Slezák Michal 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe diversity of vascular plants in temperate floodplain forests varies between biogeographical regions of Europe. Our study aims to identify the key environmental drivers of plant species richness in forests dominated by black alder (Alnus glutinosa) in Central Europe with four regions: Pannonian lowland, Matricum as the southern part of the Western Carpathians, High Western Carpathians and Polish Plain. We analysed plant species richness and quantified 15 environmental characteristics (soil, climatic and landscape characteristics) in 140 vegetation plots (35 per region). We used model-based regression trees to test the influence of predictors on the richness of both native and alien species. The regression tree analysis identified eight significant variables controlling species richness in three regions and all bioregions together but found no significant predictor in Matricum. The analysis of the joint dataset indicates that native plant richness was controlled by the effects of catchment slope, soil reaction and precipitation of the warmest quarter. In contrast, the richness of alien species was influenced by the precipitation of the warmest quarter, soil phosphorous and temperature. The species richness of native plants in the High Western Carpathians was driven by soil reaction and the presence of artificial surfaces around the plots, while the richness trend in the Pannonain lowland was determined by annual temperature. Alien richness was affected by the proportion of agricultural areas in the High Western Carpathians, by the stream power index in the Polish Plain and by soil reaction in the Pannonian lowland. The explanatory power of the tree models ranged from 22 to 36%. Our results suggest that the predictability of the richness patterns is contingent upon the specific regions, which differ in the length of environmental gradients.
Osteosarcoma associated with cemento-osseous dysplasia: co-incidence or two related entities?
Authors: Indermun Suvarna , Titinchi Fadi , Alwan Julandi , Morkel Jean , Nortje Christoffel Johannes 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Osteosarcoma of the jaws is a rare primary malignant tumor of bone. The clinical, radiological and histopathological features of a case associated with cemento-osseous dysplasia is presented.

Case Report
A 57-year-old mixed-race female presented with a large, progressive, swelling of the right mandible. Radiographic examination revealed two associated lesions. Partially defined irregular radiopacities were noted in the left mandible, extending from the premolar to the molar region. The lesion had a cotton-wool appearance and resembled a fibro-osseous lesion; i.e. cemento-osseous dysplasia. A second large, expansive and irregular, radiopaque lesion was noted on the right angle of the mandible, extending beyond the inferior cortex of the mandible. The internal structure was heterogeneous and resembled irregular bone formation. The classic “sunburst” appearance of radiating bony spicules can be seen in the posterior–anterior view and the CBCT 3D reconstruction, indicating the outgrowth of the tumor matrix. Histopathological exam confirmed a final diagnosis of osteosarcoma closely associated with cemento-osseous dysplasia. The patient underwent a fludeoxyglucose-18 (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) scan which indicated metastasis in the left lung and increased uptake in the right mandible. Chemotherapy was initially administered with a plan to resect the tumor, however, the patient demised as a result of medical complications.

Conclusion
The question in the literature remains whether these two entities are coincidentally found or arise from each other. Nevertheless, it is important for clinicians to closely monitor patients with cemento-osseous dysplasia and biopsy any suspicious lesions that may develop into osteosarcoma.
An in-depth analysis of postoperative insomnia in elderly patients and its implications on rehabilitation
Authors: Wang Yuanqing , Wang Tianlong , Feng Shuai , Li Ning , Zhang Yimeng , Cheng Yueyang , Wu Hao , Zhan Shuqin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Objectives
(1) Assess the prevalence of postoperative insomnia; (2) identify the risk factors for postoperative insomnia before exposure to surgery; (3) explore the impact of postoperative insomnia on rehabilitation.

Methods
A study was conducted with 132 participants aged ≥ 65 undergoing spine interbody fusion. We collected the basic demographic data, Numeric Rating Scales (NRS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). We measured Quality of Recovery 40 (QoR-40), GDS, BAI, NRS, and PSQI on the first and third nights post-surgery, followed by QoR-40 and NRS assessments two weeks after surgery.

Results
The cases of postoperative insomnia on the first and third nights and after two weeks were 81 (61.36%), 72 (54.55%), and 64 (48.48%), respectively, and the type of insomnia was not significantly different (P = 0.138). Sleep efficiency on the first night was 49.96% ± 23.51. On the first night of postoperative insomnia, 54 (66.67%) cases were depression or anxiety, and the PSQI was higher in this group than in the group without anxiety or depression (P < 0.001). PSQI, GDS, and the time of surgery were related factors for postoperative insomnia (PPSQI < 0.001, PGDS = 0.008, and PTime = 0.040). Postoperative rehabilitation showed differences between the insomnia and non-insomnia groups (P < 0.001).

Conclusions
The prevalence of postoperative insomnia in the elderly was high, and postoperative insomnia had a significant correlation with postoperative rehabilitation. Interventions that target risk factors may reduce the prevalence of postoperative insomnia and warrant further research.

Clinical Trial Registration
Multivariate analysis of postoperative insomnia in elderly patients with spinal surgery and its correlation with postoperative rehabilitation (https://www.chictr.org.cn/bin/project/edit?pid=170201; #ChiCTR2200059827).
Measles Infection Dose Responses: Insights from Mathematical Modeling
Authors: Anelone Anet J. N. , Clapham Hannah E. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHow viral infections develop can change based on the number of viruses initially entering the body. The understanding of the impacts of infection doses remains incomplete, in part due to challenging constraints, and a lack of research. Gaining more insights is crucial regarding the measles virus (MV). The higher the MV infection dose, the earlier the peak of acute viremia, but the magnitude of the peak viremia remains almost constant. Measles is highly contagious, causes immunosuppression such as lymphopenia, and contributes substantially to childhood morbidity and mortality. This work investigated mechanisms underlying the observed wild-type measles infection dose responses in cynomolgus monkeys. We fitted longitudinal data on viremia using maximum likelihood estimation, and used the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) to evaluate relevant biological hypotheses and their respective model parameterizations. The lowest AIC indicates a linear relationship between the infection dose, the initial viral load, and the initial number of activated MV-specific T cells. Early peak viremia is associated with high initial number of activated MV-specific T cells. Thus, when MV infection dose increases, the initial viremia and associated immune cell stimulation increase, and reduce the time it takes for T cell killing to be sufficient, thereby allowing dose-independent peaks for viremia, MV-specific T cells, and lymphocyte depletion. Together, these results suggest that the development of measles depends on virus-host interactions at the start and the efficiency of viral control by cellular immunity. These relationships are additional motivations for prevention, vaccination, and early treatment for measles.Graphical abstract"Image missing"Measles infection dose responses: insights from mathematical modeling. Top: Model-data fits for acute viremia in response to changes in measles infection doses.$$10^4$$104,$$10^3$$103,$$10^2$$102, 10 and 1 TCID$$_{50}$$50correspond to red diamonds, blue stars, orange triangles, magenta dots, and green squares respectively. The solid lines represent the trajectories generated by the proposed model parameterization. The shapes represent data. The dark grey dotted dashed line represents the limit of detection < 0.3. Bottom: Cartoon illustrating that when the measles infection dose increases, the stimulation of the measles-specific cellular immune responses increases early on post-infection. This enhanced immune response reduces the time required to clear the infectious viral load and helps maintain similar levels of viral loads and lymphocyte depletion irrespective of the initial dose.
Water Productivity and Irrigation Water Demand of Potatoes in Brandenburg (Germany) Between 1902 and 2020
Authors: Drastig Katrin , Zimmermann Beate , Ammon Christian , Jacobs Helen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe aim of this publication was the derivation of reference values of the water productivity of fresh matter of potatoes (WPFM) with and without irrigation for Brandenburg (Germany). Furthermore, reference values of the irrigation water demand (IWD) were derived. For this purpose, the AgroHyd Farmmodel was used. Calculations were performed within two time periods, 1901–2010 and 2000–2020. The relationships between the traits were detected. The calculations were made for each county of Brandenburg. The water productivity of irrigated potatoes (WPirri) varied between 6.66 and 9.19 kg FM m−3. The irrigation water demand (IWD) of potatoes in each county varied between 173 and 212 mm. In the last 20 years, the trend of the irrigation water demand became positive. Irrigation water seems to be not always able to satisfy the water demand of the potatoes—the yield and, closely associated with the yield, the WPirri decreased. Water productivity of rainfed potatoes (WPnoirri) decreased with increasing precipitation (P). High yields and low water inputs leading to a higher WPnon-irri seem to be not realistic. The high yields during high IWD seemed to be only possible with irrigation. The focus for improving the water productivity has to be put on the large differences in water productivity between the counties. In counties with lower P and lower available water capacity, the increase of irrigation water use to increase WP should be planned carefully.
Graphical Abstract