bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
False-positive results from colorectal cancer screening in Catalonia (Spain), 2000–2010
Authors: Garcia Montse , Milà Núria , Binefa Gemma , Borràs Josep Maria , Espinàs Josep Alfons , Moreno Víctor 
Published: June 2012

Objective To identify factors associated with a false-positive result in a population-based colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programme with the faecal occult blood test (FOBT) in Catalonia between 2000 and 2010. Methods The study population consisted of participants of the Catalan CRC screening programme with a positive FOBT who underwent a colonoscopy for diagnostic confirmation from 2000 to 2010. A false-positive result was defined as having a positive test but detecting no high-risk adenoma or cancer in the follow-up colonoscopy. Multivariate logistic regression models were performed to identify sociodemographic and screening variables related to false-positive results. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated. Results Over the screening period, 1074 (1.7%) of the 63,332 screening tests had a positive result in the Catalan CRC screening programme. The false-positive proportion was 55.2% (n = 546). Women were more likely to have a positive FOBT in the absence of CRC neoplasia than men (adjusted OR = 2.91; 95% CI: 2.22–3.28). During the first prevalence round, the proportion of false-positive results was higher than in subsequent rounds (69.5% vs. 48.9%; P < 0.05). Re-screening and having a bleeding pathology such as haemorrhoids or anal fissures were also associated with a false-positive result. Conclusion The proportion of false-positive results and the associated risks should be estimated to provide an eligible population with more reliable information on the adverse effects of screening.
The incidence and outcomes of vertebral column resection in paediatric patients
Authors: Helenius I. , Serlo J. , Pajulo O. 
Published: June 2012

We report the results of vertebral column resection (VCR) for paediatric patients with spinal deformity. A total of 49 VCRs in paediatric patients from four university hospitals between 2005 and 2009 with a minimum two-year follow-up were retrospectively identified. After excluding single hemivertebral resections (n = 25) and VCRs performed for patients with myelomeningocele (n = 6), as well as spondylectomies performed for tumour (n = 4), there were 14 patients who had undergone full VCR at a mean age of 12.3 years (6.5 to 17.9). The aetiology was congenital scoliosis in five, neuromuscular scoliosis in three, congenital kyphosis in two, global kyphosis in two, adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in one and secondary scoliosis in one. A total of seven anteroposterior and seven posterolateral approaches were used. The mean major curve deformity was 86° (67° to 120°) pre-operatively and 37° (17° to 80°) at the two-year follow-up; correction was a mean of 54% (18% to 86%) in the anteroposterior and 60% (41% to 70%) in the posterolateral group at the two-year follow-up (p = 0.53). The mean Scoliosis Research Society-24 total scores were 100 (92 to 108) for the anteroposterior and 102 (95 to 105) for the posterolateral group. There was one paraparesis in the anteroposterior group necessitating urgent re-decompression, with a full recovery. Patients undergoing VCR are highly satisfied after a successful procedure.
Predictors of fracture following suspected injury to the scaphoid
Authors: Duckworth A. D. , Buijze G. A. , Moran M. , Gray A. , Court-Brown C. M. , Ring D. , McQueen M. M. 
Published: June 2012

A prospective study was performed to develop a clinical prediction rule that incorporated demographic and clinical factors predictive of a fracture of the scaphoid. Of 260 consecutive patients with a clinically suspected or radiologically confirmed scaphoid fracture, 223 returned for evaluation two weeks after injury and formed the basis of our analysis. Patients were evaluated within 72 hours of injury and at approximately two and six weeks after injury using clinical assessment and standard radiographs. Demographic data and the results of seven specific tests in the clinical examination were recorded.There were 116 (52%) men and their mean age was 33 years (13 to 95; sd 17.9). In 62 patients (28%) a scaphoid fracture was confirmed. A logistic regression model identified male gender (p = 0.002), sports injury (p = 0.004), anatomical snuff box pain on ulnar deviation of the wrist within 72 hours of injury (p < 0.001), and scaphoid tubercle tenderness at two weeks (p < 0.001) as independent predictors of fracture. All patients with no pain at the anatomical snuff box on ulnar deviation of the wrist within 72 hours of injury did not have a fracture (n = 72, 32%). With four independently significant factors positive, the risk of fracture was 91%.Our study has demonstrated that clinical prediction rules have a considerable influence on the probability of a suspected scaphoid fracture. This will help improve the use of supplementary investigations where the diagnosis remains in doubt.
Clinical and radiological results of the collarless polished tapered stem at 15 years follow-up
Authors: Burston B. J. , Barnett A. J. , Amirfeyz R. , Yates P. J. , Bannister G. C. 
Published: June 2012

We prospectively followed 191 consecutive collarless polished tapered (CPT) femoral stems, implanted in 175 patients who had a mean age at operation of 64.5 years (21 to 85). At a mean follow-up of 15.9 years (14 to 17.5), 86 patients (95 hips) were still alive. The fate of all original stems is known. The 16-year survivorship with re-operation for any reason was 80.7% (95% confidence interval 72 to 89.4). There was no loss to follow-up, with clinical data available on all 95 hips and radiological assessment performed on 90 hips (95%). At latest follow-up, the mean Harris hip score was 78 (28 to 100) and the mean Oxford hip score was 36 (15 to 48). Stems subsided within the cement mantle, with a mean subsidence of 2.1 mm (0.4 to 19.2). Among the original cohort, only one stem (0.5%) has been revised due to aseptic loosening. In total seven stems were revised for any cause, of which four revisions were required for infection following revision of the acetabular component. A total of 21 patients (11%) required some sort of revision procedure; all except three of these resulted from failure of the acetabular component. Cemented acetabular components had a significantly lower revision burden (three hips, 2.7%) than Harris Galante uncemented components (17 hips, 21.8%) (p < 0.001). The CPT stem continues to provide excellent radiological and clinical outcomes at 15 years following implantation. Its results are consistent with other polished tapered stem designs.
Corrosion at the neck-stem junction as a cause of metal ion release and pseudotumour formation
Authors: Gill I. P. S. , Webb J. , Sloan K. , Beaver R. J. 
Published: June 2012

We present a series of 35 patients (19 men and 16 women) with a mean age of 64 years (36.7 to 75.9), who underwent total hip replacement using the ESKA dual-modular short stem with metal on-polyethylene bearing surfaces. This implant has a modular neck section in addition to the modular head. Of these patients, three presented with increasing post-operative pain due to pseudotumour formation that resulted from corrosion at the modular neck-stem junction. These patients underwent further surgery and aseptic lymphocytic vaculitis associated lesions were demonstrated on histological analysis. Retrieval analysis of two modular necks showed corrosion at the neck-stem taper. Blood cobalt and chromium levels were measured at a mean of nine months (3 to 28) following surgery. These were compared with the levels in seven control patients (three men and four women) with a mean age of 53.4 years (32.1 to 64.1), who had an identical prosthesis and articulation but with a prosthesis that had no modularity at neck-stem junction. The mean blood levels of cobalt in the study group were raised at 50.75 nmol/l (5 to 145) compared with 5.6 nmol/l (2 to 13) in control patients. Corrosion at neck-stem tapers has been identified as an important source of metal ion release and pseudotumour formation requiring revision surgery. Finite element modelling of the dual modular stem demonstrated high stresses at the modular stem-neck junction. Dual modular cobalt-chrome hip prostheses should be used with caution due to these concerns.
Improving Pandemic Response: A Sensemaking Perspective on the Spring 2009 H1N1 Pandemic
Authors: Keller Ann C. , Ansell Chris K. , Reingold Arthur L. , Bourrier Mathilde , Hunter Mark D. , Burrowes Sahai , MacPhail Theresa M. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAbstractPandemic response takes place in distributed, uncertain, and high‐tempo environments. These conditions require public health agencies to rapidly generate and roll out publicly accountable responses in the face of incomplete and ambiguous evidence. To perform under these conditions, public health organizations have devised several tools to support decision making and response. This article examines two such tools that debuted during the 2009 H1N1 outbreak—the 2005 International Health Regulations and influenza pandemic planning. Relying on an international network of researchers who gained access to lead public health agencies in advance of the 2009 pandemic, this study draws on several forms of data—primary documentation, interviews, and an extended workshop with key officials—that were collected as the pandemic unfolded. With this unique dataset, we analyze the performance of the International Health Regulations and pandemic influenza plans from a “sensemaking” perspective. We find that insufficient attention to both the complexities and time horizons involved with adequate sensemaking limited the ability of both tools to fully meet their goals. To improve organizational performance during global pandemics, the sensemaking perspective calls attention to the importance of informal venues of information‐sharing and to the need for decisionmakers to continually update planning assumptions.
Labour epidural analgesia and anti-infectious management of the neonate: a meta-analysis
Authors: Heesen Michael , Klöhr Sven , Rossaint Rolf , Straube Sebastian , Van de Velde Marc 
Published: June 2012

Abstract

Background: A known side effect of labour epidural analgesia (EDA) is maternal fever. It is unclear whether this has effects on the anti-infectious management of the neonate.

Methods: A systematic literature search and a hand search of abstract publications were conducted. Studies reporting sepsis evaluation or antibiotic treatment were further assessed. For meta-analysis, risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using the random effects model.

Results: Five relevant articles reporting on 4667 parturients were identified; three were observational studies and two were randomised controlled trials (RCT). The RR for sepsis workup of all studies analysed together was 2.58 (95% CI, 1.06–6.27, P=0.04). The RR for antibiotic treatment of the neonate was 2.76 (95% CI, 1.20–6.31, P=0.02). When considering the RCTs alone, the RRs for sepsis evaluation and antimicrobial treatment were still significantly elevated.

Discussion: Our data suggest that EDA-related maternal hyperthermia results in an increased likelihood of sepsis workup and antibiotic treatment of the infant. A crucial question is whether EDA-related maternal hyperthermia is truly infectious. If not, administration of antibiotics would not be justified and may be dangerous.
Der aufrechte Gang. Die Bedeutung des Fußes für die Aufrichtung
Authors: Eickhoff Hajo 
Published: June 2012

Zusammenfassung
Die Menschwerdung beginnt mit dem Fuß. Erst muss er entwickelt sein, damit sich ein Lebewesen vollständig aufrichten kann – aufrechtes Gehen und Stehen mit gestreckter Hüfte und durchgedrückten Knien. Der menschliche Fuß befreit die Hände vom Boden und von der Beteiligung an der Fortbewegung und ist als eine Voraussetzung für die Ausbildung des menschlichen Gehirns anzusehen. Als Rückenflosse der Fische beginnend wird er beim Menschen zum tragenden Organ, obwohl er in Mythen, im Alltag und in den Wissenschaften keine entsprechende Würdigung findet – er wird verleugnet, in skurrile Formen geschnürt und vielfältig versehrt. Der aufrechte Gang des Menschen ist fragil, weshalb der Frage nachgegangen wird, warum die Natur ein Wesen hervorgebracht hat, das sich ganz aufrichtet und den Kopf der Sonne entgegen reckt.
Füße und ihre Subjekte. Ein Plädoyer dafür, das Konzept der Subjektivierung vom Kopf auf die Füße zu stellen
Authors: Alkemeyer Thomas 
Published: June 2012

Zusammenfassung
In dem Text wird in Abgrenzung von subjektphilosophischen Betrachtungsweisen ein praxistheoretischer Zugang zur Analyse von Subjektbildungen vorgeschlagen. Das Subjekt ist in dieser Perspektive keine autonome Quelle des Handelns,sondern das stets vorläufige und sich wandelnde Ergebnis von Praktiken. Es wird also nicht transzendental, das heißt hinter der Praxis angesetzt, sondern empirisch, das heißt in der Praxis. Ausgangspunkt für praxistheoretische Rekonstruktionen der Subjektivierung sind mithin beobachtbare Handlungszusammenhänge. Zentral für die Subjektwerdung scheint insbesondere das aufrechte Gehen auf zwei Beinen zu sein, das in historisch unterschiedlichen sozialen Formen und kulturellen Kodierungen auftritt. Als schmale und damit labile Basis der Haltung des gesamten Körpers spielen die Füße eine besondere Rolle für die Subjektwerdung. Aufgrund der Bedeutung ihres sozialen Gebrauchs für die Subjektivierung wird dafür plädiert, Rekonstruktionen historisch konkreter Subjektivierungsweisen mit Beschreibungen der Formung, Schulung, Übung und Konditionierung der Füße zu beginnen.
zu Fuß. Eine körperliche Bildnotiz
Authors: Peskoller Helga 
Published: June 2012

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag in fünf Teilen – Orientierung, Bewegung, Gegenständlichkeit, Weite und Auflösung – basiert auf einer Erfahrung des Weitwanderns, folgt der schlichten Frage, wozu zu Fuß gehen und setzt sich im Zuge dessen auch mit der Glaubwürdigkeit von Bildern auseinander, die als das Andere des Körpers mit ihm ergangen wurden.
Der Zulu Schilftanz
Authors: Mnguni Mbukeni Herbert 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
This study explores how foot vocabulary among Zulus of KwaZulu Natal, South Africa contributes to linguistic and identity construction. On a theoretical plane, the study is indebted to post structuralism and the notion of performativity in constructing identities of young Zulu women. Like in other cultures of the world the foot/feet has become a central subject in preserving Zulu culture through Umhlanga reed dancing. The foot as seen from the external perspective, is an object to be spoken about. The foot as felt from the internal perspective, that is, subjective foot is a performing object. The Umhlanga reed dance is not merely for enjoyment it also helps to preserve the Zulu culture and identity.
Vertikale Hierarchie und archaische Sakralität: Zur mythopoësis des Fußes
Authors: Scherer Burkhard 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
This article examines aspects of the Indo-European and Ancient Near Eastern mythopoësis of the human body. Utilizing post-Eliadic historical and philological phenomenology, the article argues that the homological hierarchical symbolism of the human body in myth and poetry reflects the archaic religious psychology of verticality. Indo-Iranian cosmogony and sociogony, body metaphors of subjugation and healing and the specific pattern of the mythopoësis of the foot and its implications for Indo-Iranian rites and culture are analyzed. In the concluding case study the close reading of the Purāṇic Diti narrative exemplifies the decisive role vertical hierarchy plays in Indian thought and myth.
The Foot in Surrealist Art and Theory
Authors: Asplund Emily 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
This article examines the appearance of feet in surrealist art in terms of their thematic contribution to the philosophical aims of the surrealist movement. Georges Bataille’s theory of bassesse as the mechanism to achieve the informe, or the destruction of all categories of thought, is the basis for the reading of the significance of feet within the surrealist project outlined in this article. It discusses the theoretical preoccupations that make feet appropriate subjects for surrealist art and examines how several specific works of surrealist art employ images of feet.
Balance im Übergang. Absprung und Wiederholung
Authors: Schuhmacher-Chilla Doris 
Published: June 2012

Zusammenfassung
Dass der Mensch die Füße nicht nur zum Gehen und Stehen besitzt, sondern auch, um abzuspringen, unter Umständen in einen anderen Zustand, wird an zeitgenössischen, künstlerischen Arbeiten von Jan Verbeek (Videoinstallation) und Janne Lehtinen (inszenierte Fotografie)gezeigt. In Reflexion historischer Modelle von Muybridge und Marey wird die Absprungbewegung und deren Visualisierung mittels fotografischer und filmischer Technik hinterfragt.
A novel 99mTc-labeled dimethyl-substituted zoledronic acid (DMIDP) with improved bone imaging efficiency
Authors: Qiu Ling , Lin Jianguo , Luo Shineng , Wang Yan , Cheng Wen , Zhang Shu 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
A novel zoledronic acid (ZL) derivative, 1-hydroxy-2-(2,4-dimethyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-ethane-1,1-diyldiphosphonic acid (DMIDP, dimezoledronate), was successfully prepared and labeled with 99mTc in a high labeling yield. The biodistribution in mice shows that 99mTc-DMIDP has significant advantage regarding bone resorption and clearance from soft tissues compared with 99mTc-ZL and the clinically widely-used bone-imaging agent 99mTc-MDP (methylenediphosphonic acid). Kinetics of blood clearance displayed that distribution half-life (T
1/2α
) and elimination half-life (T
1/2β
) of 99mTc-DMIDP were 2.53 min and 23.53 min, while those of 99mTc-ZL were 2.28 and 52.63 min, respectively. Excellent images of the rabbit skeleton can be quickly obtained from 99mTc-DMIDP, which was faster than 99mTc-ZL and 99mTc-MDP. The present findings indicate that 99mTc-DMIDP possesses excellent potential for application as a novel bone scanning agent.
Quality assurance in the nuclear sector
Authors: Parry S. J. 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
The nuclear sector in the UK operates under regulation requiring assurance that the quality of radioactive measurements is “fit for purpose”. Laboratories operate a quality system under ISO 17025:2005 which is monitored by the United Kingdom Accreditation Service. Few of the test methods used in UK laboratories are based on standard methods so non-standard procedures are validated through the use of certified reference materials, and continued quality assurance is provided through participation in proficiency testing and interlaboratory comparison exercises. The majority of organisations accredited for radioactivity measurements under ISO 17025:2005 in the UK are environmental monitoring laboratories routinely processing soils, vegetation, air filters and water samples. There are no certified reference materials available in the UK or elsewhere adequately supporting the work of these laboratories. The same is true for the nuclear decommissioning and waste management community that regularly analyses concrete, soil, brick, sludge and oils for activities at Low Level Waste and Intermediate Waste Levels. The nuclear sector has a number of issues regarding availability of isotopic tracers for analysis, supplies of material for nuclear medicine, proficiency testing exercises involving representative matrices and activity levels but the most pressing need is in the area of certified reference materials for validation of methods analysing alpha, beta, and gamma emitting radionuclides.
Von langen Bänken und erschrockenen Eiern – Nicht materielle lexikalische Folgen russisch-deutscher Zweisprachigkeit
Authors: Bente Karl Katrin 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
This paper deals with contact induced non material borrowings in the area of lexis. The first part of this paper is concerned with the theoretical level and introduces three different types of contact induced modifications (material transfer, overgeneralization and non material transfer) as well as a more differentiated classification for the non material lexical transfer. The second part analyses a bilingual Russian-German corpus and addresses the question, which subtypes of the non material lexical transfer appear in which proportion in the spontaneous speech of Russian-German bilinguals in Germany today.
Buchbesprechung
Authors: Seifert André 
Published: June 2012

Zusammenfassung
Elle, Ludwig, Die Domowina in der DDR. Aufbau und Funktionsweise einer Minderheitenorganisation im staatlich-administrativen Sozialismus. (Schriften des Sorbischen Instituts/ Spisy Serbskeho instituta; 51). Bautzen: Domowina, 2010. 256 S. ISBN: 978-3-7420-2176-2
Interfacial rheology: An overview of measuring techniques and its role in dispersions and electrospinning
Authors: Pelipenko Jan , Kristl Julijana , Rošic Romana , Baumgartner Saša , Kocbek Petra 
Published: June 2012

Interfacial rheology: An overview of measuring techniques and its role in dispersions and electrospinning
Interfacial rheological properties have yet to be thoroughly explored. Only recently, methods have been introduced that provide sufficient sensitivity to reliably determine viscoelastic interfacial properties. In general, interfacial rheology describes the relationship between the deformation of an interface and the stresses exerted on it. Due to the variety in deformations of the interfacial layer (shear and expansions or compressions), the field of interfacial rheology is divided into the subcategories of shear and dilatational rheology. While shear rheology is primarily linked to the long-term stability of dispersions, dilatational rheology provides information regarding short-term stability. Interfacial rheological characteristics become relevant in systems with large interfacial areas, such as emulsions and foams, and in processes that lead to a large increase in the interfacial area, such as electrospinning of nanofibers.
Synthesis, antimicrobial and anti-cancer activities of some new N-ethyl, N-benzyl and N-benzoyl-3-indolyl heterocycles
Authors: El-Sawy Eslam , Mandour Adel , Mahmoud Khaled , Islam Inas , Abo-Salem Heba 
Published: June 2012

Synthesis, antimicrobial and anti-cancer activities of some newN-ethyl,N-benzyl andN-benzoyl-3-indolyl heterocyclesA series of 1-(N-substituted-1H-indol-3-yl)-3-arylprop-2-ene-1-ones (2a, b-4a, b) were prepared and allowed to react with urea, thiourea or guanidine to give pyrimidine derivatives5a, b-13a, b. Reaction of2a, b-4a, bwith ethyl acetoacetate in the presence of a base gave cyclohexanone derivatives14a, b-16a, b. Reaction of the latter compounds with hydrazine hydrate afforded indazole derivatives17a, b-19a, b. On the other hand, reaction of2a, b-4a, bwith some hydrazine derivatives, namely hydrazine hydrate, acetyl hydrazine, phenylhydrazine and benzylhydrazine hydrochloride, led to the formation of pyrazole derivatives20a, b-31a, b. Moreover, reaction of2a, b-4a, bwith hydroxylamine hydrochloride gave isoxazole derivatives32a, b-34a, b. The newly synthesized compounds were tested for their antimicrobial activity and showed that 4-(N-ethyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-6-(p-chlorophenyl)-pyrimidine-2-amine (11b) was the most active of all the test compounds towardsCandida albicanscompared to the reference drug cycloheximide. Eighteen new compounds, namely pyrimidin-2(1H)-ones5a, b-7a, b, pyrimidin-2(1H)-thiones8a, b-10a, band pyrimidin-2-amines11a, b-13a, bderivatives, were tested for theirin vitroantiproliferative activity against HEPG2, MCF7 and HCT-116 cancer cell lines. 4-(N-ethyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-6-(p-methoxyphenyl)-pyrimidin-2-amine (11a)was found to be highly active withIC50of 0.7 μmol L-1.