bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chromosome 20q Deletion
Authors: Sun Jianlan , Yin C. Cameron , Cui Wei , Chen Su S. , Medeiros L. Jeffrey , Lu Gary 
Published: February 2011

Abstractdel(20q) can be observed in hematologic neoplasms, including chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), and has been reported in patients undergoing blast transformation. We describe 10 patients with CML in hematologic and cytogenetic remission with del(20q) detected by conventional cytogenetics. There were 6 men and 4 women with a median age of 56 years. All patients initially had BCR-ABL1 and t(9;22) (q34;q11.2) and achieved morphologic and cytogenetic remission after therapy. del(20q) was identified before (2/10 [20%]), at the time of (3/10 [30%]), or after (5/10 [50%]) cytogenetic remission and was not associated with morphologic evidence of dysplasia. At last follow-up, no patients had a myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Leukocyte and platelet counts were normal; 4 of 10 patients had mild anemia. Nine patients have remained in morphologic and cytogenetic remission with stable del(20q). BCR-ABL1 fusion transcript levels were absent or low (median, 0.01%). Recently, in 1 patient, recurrent CML developed and del(20q) was lost. We conclude that del(20q) in the setting of CML in remission is not predictive of MDS or blast transformation.
Traces of post-transcriptional RNA modifications in deep sequencing data
Authors: Findeiß Sven , Langenberger David , Stadler Peter F. , Hoffmann Steve 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
Many aspects of the RNA maturation leave traces in RNA sequencing data in the form of deviations from the reference genomic DNA. This includes, in particular, genomically non-encoded nucleotides and chemical modifications. The latter leave their signatures in the form of mismatches and conspicuous patterns of sequencing reads. Modified mapping procedures focusing on particular types of deviations can help to unravel post-transcriptional modification, maturation and degradation processes. Here, we focus on small RNA sequencing data that is produced in large quantities aimed at the analysis of microRNA expression. Starting from the recovery of many well known modified sites in tRNAs, we provide evidence that modified nucleotides are a pervasive phenomenon in these data sets. Regarding non-encoded nucleotides we concentrate on CCA tails, which surprisingly can be found in a diverse collection of transcripts including sub-populations of mature microRNAs. Although small RNA sequencing libraries alone are insufficient to obtain a complete picture, they can inform on many aspects of the complex processes of RNA maturation.
A discrete events delay differential system model for transmission of Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE) in hospitals
Authors: Ortiz Angela , Banks H. Thomas , Castillo-Chavez Carlos , Chowell Gerardo , Wang Xiaohong 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
Surveillance data from an oncology hospital unit on Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE), one of the most prevalent and dangerous pathogens involved in hospital infections, is used to motivate possibilities of modeling nosocomial infection dynamics. This is done in the context of hospital monitoring and isolation procedures as a prelude to the evaluation and improved design of control measures. A discrete event delay differential equation model in conjunction with statistical computational methods is formulated to estimate key population-level nosocomial transmission parameters and isolation procedures. This framework is used to test the surveillance data's usefulness in model validation. In the process of model calibration we discovered significant irregularities in the available surveillance data; these irregularities are most likely the result of the data observational recording-process as well as those in the isolation procedures. Efforts to fit data within our highly flexible dynamic-modeling framework suggest that clinical-trial level surveillance data is needed if one is to successfully develop quantitative models for disease transmission and intervention. It is concluded that typical “cold” data sets typically encountered in biological/sociological quantitative modeling efforts may be inadequate for support of serious model development.
Testosterone but not estradiol level is positively related to muscle strength and physical performance independent of muscle mass: a cross-sectional study in 1489 older men
Authors: Auyeung Tung Wai , Lee Jenny Shun Wah , Kwok Timothy , Leung Jason , Ohlsson Claes , Vandenput Liesbeth , Leung Ping Chung , Woo Jean 
Published: February 2011

ObjectiveTo examine the relationship between different measures of testosterone and estradiol (E2), muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance; and to test whether the association of sex hormone level with muscle strength and physical performance was independent of muscle mass.Design and methodsA cross-sectional survey on 1489 community-dwelling men older than 64 years of age. Serum levels of testosterone and E2were measured by mass spectrometry, and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels were measured by immunoradioassay. Muscle mass was examined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and physical performance was assessed by hand-grip strength, gait speed, step length and chair-stand test.ResultsAppendicular skeletal mass (ASM) was positively associated with total testosterone (TT;P<0.001), free testosterone (FT;P<0.001), and total E2(P<0.001) but not with free E2(P=0.102). After adjustment for age, serum SHBG and relative ASM, both TT and FT were significantly associated with grip strength, narrow-walk speed and the composite neuromuscular score. Higher total E2, but not free E2was associated with lower grip strength (P<0.05) after adjustment for age, FT, SHBG and relative ASM.ConclusionsTestosterone level was related to both muscle mass, strength and physical performance. Total E2level, though related to muscle mass positively, affected muscle strength adversely in older men.
Automatic Speaker Recognition of Identical Twins
Authors: Künzel Hermann 
Published: February 2011

Automatic speaker recognition systems typically rely on parameters derived from resonance features of the vocal tract. Th is implies that the more similar the geometry of two vocal tracts is, the more similar will be the respective similarity coeffi cients, or likelihood ratios (LRs). Quite obviously this problem is particularly relevant to related speakers, most extremely for identical (monozygotic) twins. Th is paper is about an experiment with 9 male and 26 female pairs of identical twins who produced one read and one spontaneous speech sample. An automatic system for forensic speaker recognition (Batvox 3.1) was used to calculateinter-speaker (non-target), (2) intratwin pair, and (3) intra-speaker (target) LR distributions. Results show that in certain conditions an automatic Bayesian-based system is capable of distinguishing even the vast majority of very similar sounding voices such as those of identical twins. However, the performance of the system used here was superior for male as compared to female voices. Quite obviously the sex-related diff erence was enhanced by the genetic similarity factor.
Lay People as Cross-Examiners: A Linguistic Analysis of the Libel Case McDonald's Corporation v. Helen Steel and David Morris
Authors: Tkačuková Tatiana 
Published: February 2011

Awarding Institution: Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic Date of Award: June 2010 The PhD. thesis offers a detailed survey of linguistic problems lay litigants-in-person experience when cross-examining in court. It is a single-case study and the material for the analysis is drawn from the libel case McDonald’s Corporation v. Helen Steel and David Morris (tried in the UK High Court between June 1994 and December 1996). The thesis contrasts cross-examination questions and strategies used by the pro se litigants (Steel and Morris) with those used by the professional counsel representing McDonald’s (R. Rampton QC). It also aims to explore whether in the course of the case the two litigants-in-person improved their cross-examination skills and learned from the counsel. The thesis combines the quantitative approach with a qualitative analysis of the data. The quantitative part of the analysis is based on the corpus linguistics approach. The qualitative part draws on the methodology of conversation analysis, discourse analysis and the pragmatic approach. The findings of the study show that the pro se litigants improve their cross-examination skills, but their development remains unstable.
Scan? Cure? Sure!
Authors: Goldberg Richard M. , Ryan David P. 
Published: February 2011

Abstract

Presentation of The Case
A 61-year-old man undergoes a sigmoid colectomy for a T3N1 (two of 18 nodes) adenocarcinoma of the sigmoid colon. He recovers well and receives 6 months of adjuvant FOLFOX (5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin) uneventfully. At his first follow-up visit, the oncologist recommended every 3 month visits for a physical, liver function tests, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) measurement; every 6 month chest, abdomen, and pelvic computed tomography (CT) scans for 3 years; and aspirin, vitamin D supplementation, and exercise. Is CT scanning appropriate in the follow-up of colon cancer patients? (This case was presented at Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center.)
Polymetallic mineralization in Triassic strata of the NW part of the Kraków-Częstochowa Monocline
Authors: Pieczonka Jadwiga 
Published: February 2011

Polymetallic mineralization in Triassic strata of the NW part of the Kraków-Częstochowa MonoclineA new association of ore minerals has been found in the Lower and Middle Triassic rocks in the vicinity of the village of Woźniki in the NW part of the Upper Silesian district. In addition to the typical Zn-Pb-Fe association in dolomites, copper sulphides have been detected in the sandstones and conglomerates of the Lower Bunter. Copper mineralization occurs in the sandstone matrix and is represented by bornite, chalcopyrite, chalcocite, tetrahedrite and covellite. High admixtures of zinc in Cu sulphides and admixtures of copper in Zn-Pb sulphides suggest a common source for the metal-transporting fluids and a single period of sulphide crystallization.
La coopération aéronautique européenne : à quel prix ? Le dilemme belge
Authors: Deloge Pascal 
Published: February 2011

Le 9 septembre 1964, le directeur général de l’Industrie du ministère belge des Affaires économiques doit traiter une proposition française de fusionner les industries aéronautiques belge et française. Le projet était ouvert à d’autres participants dans l’avenir et était supposé être une première étape sur la route d’une industrie aéronautique européenne, 30 ans avant EADS. Il fut ﬁnalement rejeté par le gouvernement belge en dépit de son attitude générale pro-Europe. Cet article se focalise sur la question de la difﬁculté de coordonner les acteurs nationaux qui prennent part à une telle décision et celle de la nécessité impérieuse d’obtenir la cohésion de ces décideurs nationaux dès la phase de la conception d’un projet. Il montre aussi la crainte en Belgique d’une possible hégémonie française au milieu des années 1960.
La question linguistique en Belgique dans une perspective historique
Authors: Witte Els 
Published: February 2011

Résumé La Belgique est un excellent laboratoire d’analyse socio-linguistique. À partir du xix e siècle, le français n’est pas seulement la langue parlée en Wallonie, c’est aussi la langue de l’élite belge. Les fondateurs de l’État belge en font la langue dominante dans la vie publique belge et le néerlandais, parlé en Flandre, devient une langue au statut social inférieur. Toute forme d’équivalence des deux langues est rejetée. La stratégie du Mouvement flamand consiste alors dans un premier temps à obtenir des lois destinées à la protection de leur langue en Flandre. Les francophones refusant le bilinguisme pur et simple, le principe selon lequel la territorialité devient l’alternative pour les deux communautés est accepté en 1932. Les néerlandophones veulent donc se retrancher derrière des frontières sûres. Mais dans les communes des zones frontalières où les locuteurs de la langue « de prestige » sont en forte concentration, ceux-ci exigent des droits linguistiques. Dans la capitale, lieu de rencontre des deux communautés mais où les néerlandopnones forment une minorité, la lutte pour une place équivalente se fait également sentir. Jusqu’à ce jour, les stratégies des deux communautés restent divergentes.
Decreased Thymic Output Accounts for Decreased Naive T Cell Numbers in Children with Down Syndrome
Authors: Bloemers Beatrijs L. P. , Bont Louis , de Weger Roel A. , Otto Sigrid A. , Borghans Jose A. , Tesselaar Kiki 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
Children with Down syndrome (DS) have low numbers of naive T cells and abnormal thymus development and function. Because next to thymic production, peripheral proliferation greatly contributes to naive T cell generation in healthy children, we examined the cause of reduced naive T cell numbers in children with DS. Compared with aged matched controls, the total number of signal joint TCR excision circles (sjTREC) per ml blood was reduced in DS. Reduced frequencies and absolute numbers of protein tyrosine kinase 7-positive recent thymic emigrants, but similar levels of naive T cell apoptosis and Ag-driven activation in DS, suggested that reduced thymic output and not increased peripheral loss of naive T cells caused the reduced sjTREC numbers. We found no support for defective peripheral generation of naive T cells in DS. In DS the naive T cells responded to IL-7 and, based on Ki-67 expression, had similar proliferation rates as in healthy controls. sjTREC content per naive CD8+ T cells was not increased, but even decreased, pointing to increased survival or peripheral generation of naive T cells in DS. In conclusion, we show in this study that reduced thymic output, but not reduced peripheral generation nor increased loss of naive T cells, results in the low naive T cell numbers found in DS.
Hydroxyl Radical Modification of Immunoglobulin G Generated Cross-Reactive Antibodies: Its Potential Role in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Al-Shobaili Hani A. , Robaee Ahmad A. Al , Alzolibani Abdullateef , Khan Muhammad Ismail , Rasheed Zafar 
Published: February 2011

Objective Role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) modified human Immunoglobulin G (IgG) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has been investigated. Methods Human IgG was modified by hydroxyl-radicals. Immunogenicity of native and modified human IgG was probed by inducing polyclonal antibodies in rabbits. Cross-reactions of induced antibodies with nucleic acid, chromatin, different blood proteins and their ROS modified conformers were determined by competitive inhibition ELISA. The binding characteristics of circulating autoantibodies in SLE patients (n = 72) against native and modified IgG were screened by direct binding and competition ELISA and the results were compared with healthy age-matched controls (n = 39). Results Induced antibodies against ROS-modified human IgG exhibited diverse antigen binding characteristics. Native DNA, native chromatin and their ROS-modified conformers were found to be effective inhibitors of induced antibody-immunogen interaction. Induced antibodies against native human IgG showed negligible binding to the above mentioned nucleic acid antigens. SLE sera (48.6%) showed strong binding to ROS-human IgG in comparison with its native analogue ( P < 0.01). Normal human sera (NHS) showed negligible binding with either antigen ( P > 0.05). Conclusion ROS-induced modifications in human IgG present neo-epitopes, and make it a potential immunogen. The induced antibodies against ROS-modified human IgG resembled the diverse antigen-binding characteristics of naturally occurring SLE anti-DNA autoantibodies. ROS-modified IgG may be one of the factors for the induction of circulating SLE autoantibodies.
The influence of supplementation with haylage, haylage plus soybean meal or haylage plus corn dried distillers’ grains with solubles on the performance of wintering pregnant beef cows fed wheat straw
Authors: Wood K.M. , Mandell I.B. , Swanson K.C. 
Published: February 2011

Fourteen pens containing a total of 53 individually fed, multiparous, pregnant, crossbred beef cows were used to investigate feeding of free-choice haylage or supplemention programs for cows fed wheat straw. Dietary treatments for the 112-d feeding period were: free choice haylage (pens = 2, cows = 7; 100% Haylage), haylage offered at 0.7% body weight (BW) plus free choice straw (pens = 3, cows = 11; 0.7% Haylage), haylage offered at 1% of BW plus free choice straw (pens = 3, cows = 12; 1% Haylage), haylage offered at 0.5% BW plus soybean meal and free choice straw (pens = 3, cows = 12; Haylage + SBM), and haylage offered at 0.5% BW plus corn dried distillers’ grains plus solubles and free choice access to straw [pens = 3, cows = 11; Haylage + dried distillers’ grains with solubles (DDGS)]. The non-straw component of Haylage + SBM and Haylage + DDGS was formulated to provide equal amounts of N (relative to BW) to that of 1% Haylage. Total dry matter intake (DMI) was greater (P ≤ 0.01) in cows receiving 100% Haylage vs. other treatments and 1% Haylage, Haylage + SBM, and Haylage + DDGS vs. 0.7% Haylage. Straw DMI was greater (P < 0.001) in cows receiving Haylage + SBM and Haylage + DDGS vs. 1% Haylage. Average daily gain was greater (P ≤ 0.002) in cows receiving 100% Haylage vs. other treatments, 1% Haylage, Haylage + SBM, and Haylage + DDGS vs. 0.7% Haylage, and Haylage + SBM and Haylage + DDGS vs. 1% Haylage. These data indicate that feeding wheat straw supplemented with haylage or haylage plus SBM or DDGS may be an acceptable alternative to free-choice haylage to minimize winter feed costs and that supplementation with Haylage plus SBM or Haylage plus DDGS results in increased straw DMI and ADG when compared to supplementation with haylage alone.
Gut morphology and nutrient retention responses of broiler chicks and White Pekin ducklings to dietary threonine deciency
Authors: Horn N.L. , Radcliffe J.S. , Applegate T.J. , Adeola O. 
Published: February 2011

Growth performance, villi length and width, nutrient digestibility, basal short-circuit current, and glutamine transport were investigated in male broilers and White Pekin ducklings offered diets containing 3.3, 5.8, or 8.2 g of threonine (Thr) kg-1 in four studies. Seventy-two birds of each species were fed a standard broiler starter diet from 1 to 14 d of age followed by assignment to three dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design for a 7-d feeding trial in exp. 1 (broilers) and exp. 2 (ducklings). The dietary treatments consisted of an isonitrogenous, corn-soybean-meal-based diet with the addition of crystalline amino acids and graded levels of Thr. Dietary formulation and experimental design for exp. 3 (broilers) and exp. 4 (ducklings) were similar to exps. 1 and 2 except that birds were fed 3.3 or 8.2 g Thr kg-1 for a duration of 14 d. Chromic oxide was added to the dietary treatments as an indigestible marker. Excreta were collected on day 19 to 21 of age for exps. 1 and 2, and from day 26 to 28 of age for exps. 3 and 4. For chicks, there was no effect of dietary treatment on gain for birds fed treatments for 7 d, whereas gain increased (P < 0.001) as dietary Thr increased in birds fed dietary treatments for 14 d. Dry-matter retention increased (P < 0.05) as dietary Thr increased in chicks fed for 7 and 14 d. Threonine increased P retention (P = 0.02), but not Ca or N retention in chicks fed dietary treatments for 14 d. Increasing dietary Thr increased gain (P < 0.05) for ducklings fed dietary treatments for 7 and 14 d. Furthermore, DM retention increased (P < 0.05) as dietary Thr increased for ducklings fed dietary treatments for 7 and 14 d. Nitrogen retention increased (P = 0.04) as dietary Thr increased in ducklings fed dietary treatments for 14 d, but there was no effect of dietary treatment on P or Ca retention. There was no effect of dietary treatment on villi characteristics, basal short-circuit current, or glutamine transport in chicks or ducklings. The data established a link between dietary Thr and nutrient retention in broiler chicks and ducklings, although villi characteristics and permeability measurements were not altered.
Thermo-stable Escherichia coli phytase improves growth performance and nutrient utilization in broilers fed mash and pelleted corn-soybean-meal-based diets
Authors: Woyengo T.A. , Emiola A. , Owusu-Asiedu A. , Guenter W. , Simmins P.H. , Nyachoti C.M. 
Published: February 2011

The bio-efficacy of Escherichia coli-derived phytase produced by thermo-protective coating technology (coated phytase) was evaluated in mash or pelleted broiler diets. Three hundred and twenty-four broilers were divided into 54 groups of six birds and fed nine corn-based diets (six replicates per diet) from 1 to 22 d of age. The nine diets were a positive control (PC) (calcium, 0.9% and non-phytate phosphorus, 0.45%) fed as mash plus 2 × 4 factorial of a negative control (calcium, 0.78% and non-phytate phosphorus, 0.26%) fed as mash (NC-M) or pellet (NC-P) and with coated phytase at 0, 500, 600 or 700 FTU kg-1. The diets were pelleted at 80°C, and pressure load of 40 psi. Body weight gain (BWG) for the PC diet was higher (P < 0.001) than that for the NC-M or NC-P diet. The BWG and tibia ash were linearly increased (P < 0.001) by increased level of the phytase in NC-M or NC-P diet. The BWG for NC-M or NC-P diet reached that of the PC diet when phytase was supplemented at 600 or 700 FTU kg-1. In conclusion, the coated phytase improved nutrient utilization in broilers, and its bio-efficacy was unaffected by the pelleting process.
Improved Function After Combined Physical and Mental Practice After Stroke: A Case of Hemiparesis and Apraxia
Authors: Wu Andy J. , Radel Jeff , Hanna-Pladdy Brenda 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
This study describes change in functional performance and self-perception after participation in combined training with physical practice followed by mental practice. The patient was a 44-yr-old White man who experienced a single left ischemic stroke 7 mo before enrollment in the study. He engaged in physical and mental practice of two functional tasks: (1) reaching for and grasping a cup and (2) turning pages in a book with the more-affected arm. Practice took place 3 times per week during 60-min sessions for 6 consecutive wk. Primary outcome measures were the Arm Motor Ability Test (AMAT) and the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM). An abbreviated version of the Florida Apraxia Battery gesture-to-verbal command test approximated severity of ideomotor apraxia. After intervention, the patient demonstrated increased functional performance (AMAT) and self-perception of performance (COPM) despite persistent ideomotor apraxia. The results of this single-case report indicate functional benefit from traditional rehabilitation techniques despite comorbid, persisting ideomotor apraxia.
Site‐Specific DNA‐Programmed Growth of Fluorescent and Functional Silver Nanoclusters
Authors: Huang Zhenzhen , Pu Fang , Hu Dan , Wang Chunyan , Ren Jinsong , Qu Xiaogang 
Published: February 2011

AbstractPrecise organization of metallic nanoclusters on DNA scaffolds holds great interest for nanopatterned materials that may find uses in electronics, sensors, medicine, and many other fields. Herein, we report the site‐specific growth of fluorescent silver nanoclusters by using a mismatched double‐stranded DNA template. Few‐atom, molecular‐scale Ag clusters are found to localize at the mismatched site and the metallized DNA retains its integrity. The DNA‐encapsulated nanoclusters can be utilized as functional biological probes to identify single‐ nucleotide polymorphisms by taking advantage of the very bright fluorescence and excellent photostability of the nanoclusters. This approach offers the possibility of constructing novel DNA‐based nanomaterials and nanomechanical devices with more sophisticated functions and will be highly beneficial in future biochemical, pharmaceutical, nanomechanical, and electronic applications.