bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medication adherence to inflammatory bowel disease medications in Aotearoa New Zealand and correlation with health outcomes: A nationwide database analysis
Authors: Amiesimaka Obreniokibo Ibifubara , Allemann Samuel S. , Braund Rhiannon , Schultz Michael , Aluzaite Kristina 
Published: May 2024

AimsInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) management entails long‐term medication therapy. Worse disease outcomes and reduced quality of life might arise from poor medication adherence (MA). This study is the first to investigate patients with IBD's adherence across Aotearoa New Zealand and its relationship with disease outcomes.MethodsDispensing claims data (Pharmaceutical Collection) were used to calculate (3‐ and 5‐year) adherence, using daily polypharmacy possession ratio. Using hospitalization data (National Minimum Dataset), the relationship between adherence and the numbers of hospitalizations and corticosteroid dispensings was investigated.ResultsIn total, 4654 patients (53% female; 55% Crohn's disease [CD], 45% ulcerative colitis [UC]; median age‐at‐first‐dispensing, 43 years) and 3148 patients (54% female; 55% CD, 44% UC; median age‐at‐first‐dispensing, 44 years) were in the 3‐ and 5‐year cohorts, respectively. The 3‐ and 5‐year cohorts had mean 4.6 and 4.2 IBD‐related hospitalizations and 6.9 and 9.2 corticosteroid dispensings, respectively. Average adherence estimates were 77.4% (95% confidence interval: 76.9–78.0%) and 74.9% (95% confidence interval: 74.1–75.6%; 3 and 5 years), while 54% and 51% of patients, respectively, had good adherence (MA ≥ 80%). There was no correlation between adherence and the numbers of hospitalizations (Pearson's R = −.0007; P = .65 and R = −.04; P = .02 [3 and 5 years]) and corticosteroid dispensings (R = .08; P = <.0001 and R = .08; P = <.0001, respectively).ConclusionMA of Aotearoa New Zealand patients with IBD is moderately high but just over half of patients meet the adherent threshold. There was no correlation between adherence and hospitalizations or corticosteroid dispensings; hence, research into longitudinal adherence patterns and associated factors is needed.
Tokens of love and loss: Plugging into the affective entanglements of online museum spaces exhibiting tokens of love and loss at the Foundling Museum, London; Museo degli Innocenti, Florence; National Museum of Australia, Canberra
Authors: Clark Jennifer , Nye Adele 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe museum space is continually evolving and, not surprisingly, we have seen significant and rapid expansion in both digitized records and online exhibitions, especially since the COVID‐19 pandemic of 2020–2023. In this article we examine three comparable museum collections of tokens of love and loss in the Foundling Museum in London, the Museo degli Innocenti in Florence, and the National Museum of Australia in Canberra. Using a case study approach as visitor‐researchers, we explore how post‐qualitative theories speak to the affective experience of museums in the physical and the virtual space. We ask if the online visitor experience can be imbued with affective possibilities and, if so, how might they be maximized to best support, replicate, or replace an in‐person museum experience.
Unilateral laser ventriculocordectomy results in increased arytenoid stability in horses with severe left sided recurrent laryngeal neuropathy
Authors: Baldwin Christopher M. , Ireland Joanne L. , Barakzai Safia Z. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundThere is no objective information reporting the effect of unilateral laser ventriculocordectomy (VeC) on arytenoid abduction or stability.ObjectivesTo evaluate arytenoid stability and abduction in horses with severe recurrent laryngeal neuropathy (RLN) before and after unilateral laser VeC.Study designProspective cohort.MethodsEight horses with grade C or D exercising laryngeal function that underwent unilateral laser VeC were included. Exercising endoscopy was performed before and ≥6 weeks after left‐sided laser VeC. Arytenoid stability at maximal exercise was calculated by measuring the left‐to‐right quotient angle ratio (LRQ) of the corniculate processes at the points of maximal arytenoid abduction (expiration) and maximal arytenoid collapse (inspiration). For each horse, means of measurements obtained for four breaths pre‐ and post‐operatively were used for statistical analysis.ResultsThe difference in LRQ between inspiration and expiration was lower post‐operatively (median 0.039; interquartile range [IQR] 0.032–0.047) compared with pre‐operatively (median 0.158; IQR 0.083–0.249; p = 0.01) confirming the left arytenoid was more stable following unilateral laser VeC. The degree of improvement was significantly greater for grade D horses compared with grade C horses (p = 0.04). The LRQ measured on maximal abduction was also lower post‐operatively (median 0.467; IQR 0.444–0.506) compared with pre‐operatively (median 0.578; IQR 0.554–0.655; p = 0.02) indicating the left arytenoid was less abducted following surgery.Main limitationsThe sample size was small, no racehorses were included and post‐operative assessment was conducted at a variable time after surgery.ConclusionUnilateral laser VeC in grade C and D RLN‐affected horses results in slightly reduced left arytenoid abduction but increased arytenoid stability.
The association between blood pressure variability and renal damage in patients with primary aldosteronism
Authors: Wu Siying , Li Sen , Huang Jing , Yu Jie , Wei Chaoping , Wei Lixia , Zhu Shuangbei , Chen Shanshan , Chen Meilan , Li Jianling 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis research examines the association between blood pressure variability (BPV) and renal damage in a cohort of 129 primary aldosteronism (PA) patients, employing ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) for comparative analysis with individuals diagnosed with essential hypertension (EH). The study reveals that PA patients exhibited significantly elevated levels of cystatin C and urine microalbumin/creatinine ratio (UACR). Additionally, a higher prevalence of non‐dipping blood pressure patterns in PA patients suggests an increased risk of circadian blood pressure regulation disturbances. Notably, while most BPV indices were comparable between the two groups, the standard deviation of 24‐h weighted diastolic blood pressure was markedly lower in the PA cohort, distinguishing it as a unique variable. Through multiple linear regression analysis, the duration of hypertension, angiotensin II concentrations, and daytime systolic blood pressure standard deviation emerged as significant determinants of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in PA patients. Furthermore, UACR was significantly influenced by variables including the 24‐h weighted standard deviation (wSD) of systolic BP, glycosylated hemoglobin levels, nocturnal systolic BP peaks, aldosterone‐renin ratio (ARR), and total cholesterol, with the most pronounced association observed with the 24‐h wSD of systolic BP (β = 0.383).The study also found significant correlations between the 24‐h wSD of systolic BP, ARR, HbA1c, serum potassium levels, and 24‐h urinary microalbumin, underscoring the critical role of the 24‐h wSD of systolic BP (β = 0.267). These findings underscore the imperative of an integrated management strategy for PA, addressing the intricate interconnections among metabolic abnormalities, blood pressure variability, and renal health outcomes.
Three‐dimensional architecture and moment arms of human rotator cuff muscles in vivo: Interindividual, intermuscular, and intramuscular variations
Authors: Zhang Yilan , Herbert Robert D. , Bilston Lynne E. , Bolsterlee Bart 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe human rotator cuff consists of four muscles, each with a complex, multipennate architecture. Despite the functional and clinical importance, the architecture of the human rotator cuff has yet to be clearly described in humans in vivo. The purpose of this study was to investigate the intramuscular, intermuscular, and interindividual variations in architecture and moment arms of the human rotator cuff. Muscle volumes, fascicle lengths, physiological cross‐sectional areas (PCSAs), pennation angles, and moment arms of all four rotator cuff muscles were measured from mDixon and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) scans of the right shoulders of 20 young adults. In accordance with the most detailed dissections available to date, we found substantial intramuscular variation in fascicle length (coefficients of variation (CVs) ranged from 26% to 40%) and pennation angles (CVs ranged from 56% to 62%) in all rotator cuff muscles. We also found substantial intermuscular and interindividual variations in muscle volumes, but relatively consistent mean fascicle lengths, pennation angles, and moment arms (CVs for all ≤17%). Moreover, when expressed as a proportion of total rotator cuff muscle volume, the volumes of individual rotator cuff muscles were highly consistent between individuals and sexes (CVs ≤16%), suggesting that rotator cuff muscle volumes scale uniformly, at least in a younger population without musculoskeletal problems. Together, these data indicate limited interindividual and intermuscular variability in architecture, which may simplify scaling routines for musculoskeletal models. However, the substantial intramuscular variation in architecture questions the validity of previously reported mean architectural parameters to adequately describe rotator cuff function.
In Silico Design of Heterogeneous Microvascular Trees Using Generative Adversarial Networks and Constrained Constructive Optimization
Authors: Pan Qing , Shen Huanghui , Li Peilun , Lai Biyun , Jiang Akang , Huang Wenjie , Lu Fei , Peng Hong , Fang Luping , Kuebler Wolfgang M. , Pries Axel R. , Ning Gangmin 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveDesigning physiologically adequate microvascular trees is of crucial relevance for bioengineering functional tissues and organs. Yet, currently available methods are poorly suited to replicate the morphological and topological heterogeneity of real microvascular trees because the parameters used to control tree generation are too simplistic to mimic results of the complex angiogenetic and structural adaptation processes in vivo.MethodsWe propose a method to overcome this limitation by integrating a conditional deep convolutional generative adversarial network (cDCGAN) with a local fractal dimension‐oriented constrained constructive optimization (LFDO‐CCO) strategy. The cDCGAN learns the patterns of real microvascular bifurcations allowing for their artificial replication. The LFDO‐CCO strategy connects the generated bifurcations hierarchically to form microvascular trees with a vessel density corresponding to that observed in healthy tissues.ResultsThe generated artificial microvascular trees are consistent with real microvascular trees regarding characteristics such as fractal dimension, vascular density, and coefficient of variation of diameter, length, and tortuosity.ConclusionsThese results support the adoption of the proposed strategy for the generation of artificial microvascular trees in tissue engineering as well as for computational modeling and simulations of microcirculatory physiology.
Experiences of families with children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder in World Health Organization Afro‐Regions: A scoping review
Authors: Baloyi Olivia , Jarvis Mary Ann , Chironda Geldine , Mbeje Pretty , Ngcobo Silingene Joyce , Gqaleni Thusile , Mhlongo Euphemia Mbali , Ngcobo Winnie Baphumelele , Brysiewicz Petra 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA scoping review on Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and its impact on the families of affected children was undertaken due to insufficient information available on the diverse experiences impacting their lives. Using the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology, eligibility criteria were guided by Population (families), Concept (family experiences), and Context (African region). English‐language articles were sought from a variety of databases and search engines. The publication date of the identified articles ranged from 2003 to 2021 with most published in 2020 (n = 10), and the majority using qualitative methodologies (n = 51). Most family members involved were parents (n = 51) and their ages ranged from 18 to 75 years. The families experienced various challenges related to their child with regard to education, healthcare, and the broader community including lack of support. Family coping strategies included believing in God, attending counseling sessions, adapting, and accepting the situation. Healthcare professionals should be prepared and positioned to educate families and siblings on various aspects of ASD. There is a need for active, continued research on families within most countries of World Health Organization Afro‐region.
Real‐world outcomes for a digital prescription mobile application for adults with irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Pathipati Mythili P. , Scott Luisa L. , Griser Allen Cameron , Staller Kyle 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundMahana™ IBS is a Food and Drug Administration‐cleared prescription mobile application designed to deliver 3 months of gut‐directed cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) to adults ≥22 years old with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). We assessed whether gut‐directed CBT delivered digitally improved outcomes in IBS management.MethodsWe studied users who had a dispensed physician prescription for Mahana™ IBS between August 2021 and August 2023. The primary outcome was change in IBS symptom severity (IBS‐SSS) score.Key ResultsFor the 843 patients, 324 (38%) completed half of the program up to session 5, and 162 (19%) of participants completed the full program up to session 10. Median age was 41 years, median IBS‐SSS was 270 (moderate severity), IBS‐mixed subtype was most common (23%) followed by IBS‐C (20%) and IBS‐D (19%). The change in IBS‐SSS was −81.0 (p = < 0.001) after session 5 and − 104.4 (p = < 0.001) after session 10. In multivariate analyses, a higher baseline IBS‐SSS (OR 1.59; 95% CI 1.26–2.01) and high baseline Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) score predicted non‐response (OR 0.95; 95% CI 0.91–0.98) while older age (OR 1.10 per decade; 95% CI 1.01–1.20), prescription source from a healthcare provider (as opposed to third party telehealth encounter, OR 1.48; 95% CI 1.07–2.05), and payment for the app (OR 1.93; 95% CI 1.41–2.63) predicted adherence.Conclusions & InferencesUse of a digital mobile application for gut‐directed CBT improved symptoms of IBS. Digital health applications have the potential to democratize CBT and allow integrated care to scale for patients with IBS.
Nutritional safety and status following a 12‐week strict low FODMAP diet in patients with irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Hillestad Eline Margrete Randulff , Steinsvik Elisabeth Kjelsvik , Teige Erica Sande , Rasmussen Stella Hellgren , Brønstad Ingeborg , Lundervold Arvid , Hausken Trygve , Hanevik Kurt , Lied Gülen Arslan , Berentsen Birgitte 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundA low FODMAP diet (LFD) is an established dietary treatment for patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, knowledge on the extended effects of the restriction phase regarding nutrient intake, symptom severity, and quality of life (QoL) is sparse. Therefore, our objectives were to evaluate the safety of a dietitian‐led 12‐week strict LFD on measures of blood biochemistry, nutritional status, symptom severity, and QoL.MethodsIn this open‐label dietitian‐led 12‐week strict LFD intervention for IBS patients with predominantly diarrhea or mixed stool pattern (IBS‐D/−M), we collected data on diet intake (3‐day dietary record), overnight fasting routine blood samples, body weight, IBS symptoms (IBS Severity Scoring System (IBS‐SSS)), and IBS‐related QoL (IBS‐QoL) at baseline and after 12 weeks.Key ResultsThirty‐six participants completed the 12‐week follow‐up (mean age: 37 years, 67% women, IBS‐SSS: 242 (101)). All blood parameters measured were within established reference values at both time points. We found no change in intake of macro‐ or micronutrients, but several micronutrients were below the recommendations both before and after 12 weeks. BMI slightly decreased, primarily driven by participants with BMI >25 (p < 0.005). QoL improved among most subdomains (p ≤ 0.002), except food avoidance and social reaction.ConclusionAn extended dietitian‐guided LFD (12 weeks) is not inferior to the participants' baseline diet, since no clinically meaningful changes in nutritionally related blood samples and no changes in macro‐ or micronutrient intake were observed. However, the intake of several nutrients was below the recommendations at both time points indicating low diet quality.
Figure S4 from EGFR-Driven Lung Adenocarcinomas Co-opt Alveolar Macrophage Metabolism and Function to Support EGFR Signaling and Growth
Authors: Kuhlmann-Hogan Alexandra , Cordes Thekla , Xu Ziyan , Kuna Ramya S. , Traina Kacie A. , Robles-Oteíza Camila , Ayeni Deborah , Kwong Elizabeth M. , Levy Stellar , Globig Anna-Maria , Nobari Matthew M. , Cheng George Z. , Leibel Sandra L. , Homer Robert J. , Shaw Reuben J. , Metallo Christian M. , Politi Katerina , Kaech Susan M. 
Published: May 2024

<p>Figure S4: Deficiency of PPARγ in CSF1R- or CD11c-expressing cells suppresses tumor growth. </p>
Characteristics of Right-Sided Accessory Pathways Associated With Right Cardiac Veins
Authors: Lai Yiwei , Gao Mingyang , Li Qifan , Li Mengmeng , Zhang Jianghua , Li Xuexun , Guo Qi , Huang Lihong , Jiang Chenxi , Li Songnan , Guo Xueyuan , Zuo Song , Liu Nian , Wang Wei , Zhao Xin , Sang Caihua , Tang Ribo , Long Deyong , Dong Jianzeng , Ma Changsheng 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND:
The anatomy of myocardial fibers around the right cardiac veins (RCVs) and their roles in accessory pathways (APs) are rarely reported.

METHODS:
Six RCV-APs were identified from 566 patients with right-sided APs. Mapping of retrograde atrial activation was performed using CARTO 3 system under orthodromic tachycardia or right ventricular pacing. Venography of RCVs was acquired at the earliest retrograde atrial activation.

RESULTS:

Patients enrolled had a median age of 30 (11–51) years, 5 of them were male. Venography of RCVs could be classified into 3 distinct patterns based on the identified ventricular branches, right marginal vein only (type I; n=3), both right marginal vein and anterior cardiac veins (type II; n=2), and anterior cardiac vein only (type III; n=1). Patients with type I venography had rS QRS pattern in lead V
1
, negative delta wave in lead III and negative or isoelectric delta wave in lead aVF. However, patients with type II and III venography had QS QRS patterns in lead V
1
and variable patterns of delta wave in inferior leads. Earliest retrograde atrial activation was found at a median of 16.75 (14.60–20.00) mm away from the tricuspid annulus, all with A larger than V. At the earliest retrograde atrial activation, far-field ventricular electrogram was found 30 ms later than QRS onset in 1 patient under sinus rhythm. AP conduction was eliminated by mechanical pressure in 2 and by radiofrequency ablation in 4 at the ostium of the veins colocalizing with the earliest retrograde activation of the right atrium. No recurrence was observed during 36 (10–60) months follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS:
The RCV-AP is a rare form of right-sided APs characterized by atrial insertions distant from the annulus. ECG-speculated ventricular insertion sites conformed to the location of identified RCVs.
Association of Incident Stroke Risk With an IL-18-Centered Inflammatory Network Biomarker Composite
Authors: Martirosian Richard A. , Wiedner Crystal D. , Sanchez Jasmin , Mun Katherine T. , Marla Kiran , Teran Cristina , Thirion Marissa , Liebeskind David S. , McGrath Emer R. , Zucker Jared M. , Bernal Rebecca , Beiser Alexa S. , DeCarli Charles , Himali Jayandra J. , Seshadri Sudha , Hinman Jason D. 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND:
A coordinated network of circulating inflammatory molecules centered on the pleotropic pro-atherogenic cytokine interleukin-18 (IL-18) is linked to cerebral small vessel disease. We sought to validate the association of this inflammatory biomarker network with incident stroke risk, cognitive impairment, and imaging metrics in a sample of the Framingham Offspring Cohort.

METHODS:

Using available baseline measurements of serum levels of IL-18, GDF (growth and differentiation factor)-15, soluble form of receptor for advanced glycation end products, myeloperoxidase, and MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) from Exam 7 of the Framingham Offspring Cohort (1998–2001), we constructed a population-normalized, equally weighted log-transformed mean
Z
-score value representing the average level of each serum analyte to create an inflammatory composite score (ICS5). Multivariable regression models were used to determine the association of ICS5 with incident stroke, brain magnetic resonance imaging features, and cognitive testing performance.

RESULTS:

We found a significant association between ICS5 score and increased risk for incident all-cause stroke (hazard ratio, 1.48 [95% CI, 1.05–2.08];
P
=0.024) and ischemic stroke (hazard ratio, 1.51 [95% CI, 1.03–2.21];
P
=0.033) in the Exam 7 cohort of 2201 subjects (mean age 62±9 years; 54% female) aged 45+ years with an all-cause incident stroke rate of 6.1% (135/2201) and ischemic stroke rate of 4.9% (108/2201). ICS5 and its component serum markers are all associated with the Framingham Stroke Risk Profile score (β±SE, 0.19±0.02;
P
<0.0001). In addition, we found a significant inverse association of ICS5 with a global cognitive score, derived from a principal components analysis of the neuropsychological battery used in the Framingham cohort (−0.08±0.03;
P
=0.019). No association of ICS5 with magnetic resonance imaging metrics of cerebral small vessel disease was observed.

CONCLUSIONS:
Circulating serum levels of inflammatory biomarkers centered on IL-18 are associated with an increased risk of stroke and cognitive impairment in the Framingham Offspring Cohort. Linking specific inflammatory pathways to cerebral small vessel disease may enhance individualized quantitative risk assessment for future stroke and vascular cognitive impairment.
Trafficking Captives in South America’s Southern Cone
Authors: Martínez Barraza Juan José , Cussen Celia 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This article demonstrates the logic, efficacy and profitability of the commerce in enslaved persons between Rio de la Plata and Lima from the late 1760s to the second decade of the nineteenth century. Moving beyond the customary study of local markets, it combines newly located tax, custom and notarial records with recent studies to describe the intercontinental slave trade in the Southern Cone. It demonstrates how Lima’s demand for labor lay behind the transportation of more than 25,000 enslaved persons over the pampas and across the Andes to the port of Valparaiso, for final delivery in Lima’s port of Callao. We find that most of the trafficking was concentrated in the summer and fall, consisted of the transportation of fewer than four slaves at a time, and was undertaken by hundreds of actors playing a variety of commercial roles.