bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Patch Antenna Performance through the Integration of Inverted U-Slots
Authors: Raj R. Albert William , Wilson K. S. Joseph 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

This paper presents an in-depth investigation of a multiband inverted U-slots patch antenna design, employing an FR4 substrate with a height of 1.6 mm. The antenna's performance was thoroughly assessed through simulations conducted using High-Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) software. Impressively, this antenna exhibits outstanding performance in terms of Return Loss and Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) across multiple frequency bands. The ingenious U-slot design of the antenna enables the generation of six distinct frequencies within the S and C bands, each displaying remarkable return loss values of -30.86 dB, -43.80 dB, -26.42 dB, -22.27 dB, -20.25 dB, and − 15.05 dB, all with substantial bandwidth. These results indicate exceptional impedance matching, as return loss values consistently remain well below − 10 dB, with corresponding VSWR values consistently below 2, with a particularly noteworthy VSWR value of 1.0130 corresponding to the return loss of -43.80 dB. This demonstrates exceptional power transfer efficiency and minimal signal reflection, highlighting the antenna's capabilities to find applications in medical telemetry applications, smart home automation, and various other wireless communication domains.
Attribute correlation mask fusion network for pedestrian attribute recognition
Authors: Li Baoan , Zhang Long , Teng Shangzhi , LYU Xueqiang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The main goal of Pedestrian Attribute Recognition (PAR) is to identify various attributes of pedestrians captured in video surveillance. Due to the numerous categories of pedestrian attribute labels, the complex and easily overlooked correlations among attributes, PAR is a challenging task. Traditional methods usually treat each attribute independently, ignoring the possible intrinsic correlations between attributes.We design a pedestrian attribute recognition network ACMFNet which can fuse pedestrian attributes uniqueness features and attribute correlation features. Specifically, we propose an attribute correlation query module (ACQM), which are used to learn discriminative attribute features. Then, we construct a mask fusion module (MFM) to automatically learn the importance of the image feature and attribute correlation feature. To better distinguish the modality differences between images and attribute texts, we propose modality prompt. Experimental results show that our method can significantly enhance the network’s ability to recognize pedestrian attributes. On three pedestrian attribute recognition datasets PA100K, PETA, and UAV-Human, our proposed method shows competitive performance compared to the state-of-the-art methods. Our source code is available at \url{https://github.com/luffy-op/ACMFNet.
Study the delay time influence on the R6G dye attenuation coefficient utilizing laser probe technology
Authors: Rahi Saad Kh. , Shakir Farouk K. H 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

This study involved using a diode laser emitting light at a 650 nm wavelength. A continuous-wave laser was converted into a pulsed laser through the application of a PWM circuit. A solution of laser dye was prepared by dissolving the dye in distilled water at a concentration of 104 M. The setup included components such as a wave splitter, mirrors, a motorized delay stage, and a spectrograph to analyze the spectrum emitted by the dye laser and transmitted via an optical cable. An exploration was conducted to understand how the delay time impacts the absorption coefficient of the laser dye. The results demonstrated a relationship between delay time and absorption. Pulse width. Changes in the input power affected the sample response. The absorption coefficient can vary nonlinearly based on pulse changes. These data illustrate how energy is focused on the sample over different durations. Adjusting the delay time can influence the absorption coefficient, indicating how the delay time affects the dynamics and interactions directly or indirectly. These discoveries confirm the importance of interactions between samples and variations in concentration on the absorption coefficient.
Nirenberg problem on high dimensional spheres: Blow up with residual mass phenomenon
Authors: Ahmedou Mohameden , Ayed Mohamed Ben , Mehdi Khalil El 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

In this paper, we extend the analysis of the subcritical approximation of the Nirenberg problem on spheres recently conducted in [28, 27]. Specifically, we delve into the scenario where the sequence of blowing up solutions exhibits a non-zero weak limit, which necessarily constitutes a solution of the Nirenberg problem itself. Our focus lies in providing a comprehensive description of such blowing up solutions, including precise determinations of blow-up points and blow-up rates. Additionally, we compute the topological contribution of these solutions to the difference in topology between the level sets of the associated Euler-Lagrange functional. Such an analysis is intricate due to the potential degeneracy of the involved solutions. We also provide a partial converse, wherein we construct blowing up solutions when the weak limit is non-degenerate.
AMS subject classification: 58J05, 35A01, 58E05.
Chloroquine sensitises hypoxic colorectal cancer cells to ROS-mediated cell death via structural disruption of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDK1)
Authors: Mir Irfan Ahmad , Mehraj Umar , Bhat Mohammad Younus , Mir Hilal Ahmad , Mir Manzoor Ahmad , Dar Tanveer Ali , Hussain Mahboob-Ul 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Chloroquine (CQ) an autophagy antagonist has been recently explored as a repurposable medicine for cancer; however the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. Here in this study we investigated the effect of CQ on colorectal cancer cells with an aim to elucidate the molecular mechanism involved. We report for the first time that CQ suppresses hypoxia-induced cell growth and survival of HCT-116 cells due to the reduction in glycolytic capacity and NAD+ production subsequent to the inhibition of PDK1 by CQ. Furthermore, in silico and in vitro studies show that CQ induces structural alteration in the PDK1 protein, leading to its destabilisation, thus favouring its enhanced protease mediated degradation which is inhibited by MG-132 protease inhibitor. In addition to this, suppression of PDK1 by CQ results in mitochondrial damage through excessive production of ROS as reflected by the reduction in MMP, with subsequent induction of apoptosis by promoting PARP cleavage and caspase activation. These findings advocate CQ as a potent repurposable chemotherapeutic medication against colorectal cancer and as a novel inhibitor of PDK1.
Coherent mode locking in a two-section laser with fast gain and absorber
Authors: Arkhipov Rostislav , Diachkova Olga , Pakhomov Anton , Arkhipov Mikhail , Rosanov Nikolay , Zhmud Bogdan , Khabibullin Rustam 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Coherent mode locking is based on the formation of 2π pulses of self-induced transparency in the absorbing medium and π pulses in the amplifying medium. In this regime it becomes possible to generate ultrashort laser pulses down to one oscillation cycle with a pulse duration being much shorter than the polarization relaxation time T2 of the amplifying and absorbing medium. In this article a two-section laser model with a ring resonator based on absorbing and amplifying medium with short relaxation times has been applied. We have demonstrated a self-starting regime of coherent mode locking with picosecond and femtosecond laser pulses using numerical simulations for the given model. In addition, we have shown that there is a significant influence of generation frequency detuning on laser pulse duration and intensity. Moreover, we have compared our numerical results with an analytical model of a coherent mode-locked laser based on the area theorem. We believe that the findings of this work can open a pathway towards the practical application of mode locking in mid-IR and THz quantum cascade lasers.
Analysis of Transformer No-Load Loss Using Finite Element Method Validated by Experimental Tests
Authors: Hashemi Behnam , Taheri Ali Asghar , Jozi Fatemeh 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Transformers are one of the most critical components of electricity networks, with no-load loss as an essential technical characteristic, which plays a major role in its performance indicators. Transformer no-load loss must be determined precisely before being manufactured. They allow the development of computer programs and the faster and more accurate solution of electromagnetic problems with complex structures and boundary conditions without requiring prototyping. The Finite Element Method (FEM) is among the most popular and robust numerical methods used to solve electromagnetic field problems. This paper aimed to evaluate no-load loss in 1000 and 1600 kVA transformers while considering nonlinear magnetic characteristics by FEM and Ansys Maxwell software. Core magnetic characteristics were obtained directly from experimental tests. The results were verified by the no-load loss test in the studied transformers in a high-voltage laboratory. A comparison between simulation results with high-voltage laboratory results indicated that the simulation error in calculating no-load loss in 1000 and 1600 kVA transformers was less than 1%.
Omega 3 Sunflower and Flaxseed Oil Blends - Modelling Chemical Quality, Composition, Color and Sensory Acceptability
Authors: Romanić Ranko , Lužaić Tanja , Pezo Lato , Radić Bojana , Kravić Snežana 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Oil blending is increasingly used for the improvement and modelling of oil characteristics. This paper aims to investigate the blending effect of refined sunflower oil (reach in the essential omega 6 fatty acids) and cold-pressed flaxseed oil (source of the essential omega 3 fatty acids) on the fatty acid composition, quality, color, and sensory characteristics of obtained oils. Also, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) was applied to optimize the share of flaxseed and sunflower oil to obtain new oil most like the only commercially available oil blend on the market. Applied Principal Component Analysis (PCA) showed that based on the fatty acid composition sample with 20% of sunflower and 80% of flaxseed oil (20/80) was most like the control sample. According to other investigated characteristics (oil quality, color, and sensory attributes) sample 100/0 (refined sunflower oil) was most like the control sample. ANN analysis gave the optimum composition of the oil blend (51.5% refined sunflower seed oil and 48.5% of cold-pressed flaxseed oil) regarding control sample.
Antithrombotic agents and the effect on outcome in ischemic stroke with atrial fibrillation and large artery atherosclerosis: an observational study
Authors: Chen Jilu , Cheng Jianhua , Ye Qiang , Liu Yuntao , Zhang Yanlei , Zhang Zheng 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Optimal antithrombotic regimens to prevent recurrent stroke in patients with ischemic stroke due to atrial fibrillation (AF) and atherosclerotic large-vessel stenosis remains unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of multiple antithrombotic therapies on outcomes after ischemic stroke due to two or more causes.
Methods: We identified 553 patients with ischemic stroke due to AF and large artery atherosclerosis from a single hospital. These patients were categorized into three groups according to antithrombotic therapies at discharge: 1) antiplatelets (APT), 2) oral anticoagulants (OAC), and 3) antiplatelets plus OAC. The study outcomes were recurrent ischemic stroke, composite outcomes for cardiovascular events and major bleeding. propensity scores were used to balance APT and OAC group.
Results: Among 553 patients, 79 (14.3%) were treated with APT, 447 (80.8%) were treated with OAC, and 27 (4.9%) were treated with APT and OAC. After applying PS, only OAC had a significant beneficial effect on the composite outcome (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.41, 95% confidence interval [CI]:0.19–0.83, P = 0.01) and death (HR: 0.12, [95% CI:0.01–1.0], P = 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in 1-year recurrent stroke events or bleeding risk between APT and OAC groups. Further relation between dose of OAC and outcome found that there was no significant difference between reduced and standard dose of OAC.
Conclusions: This study demonstrated that OAC monotherapy was associated with lower risks of composite outcome and death in patients after ischemic stroke due to AF and atherosclerotic stenosis. However, the dose of OAC had no effect on clinical outcome.
Exploring the use of suction evacuation sheath for surgical treatment of renal stones during ureteroscopy: An analysis of 2284 cases
Authors: Kolanukuduru Kaushik Prabhav , Mandel Asher , Tillu Neeraja , Zaytoun Osama , Dovey Zachary , Buscarini Maurizio 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Stone-free rates have drastically improved due to technological advancements in the field of endourology. One such advancement has been the use of suction evacuation sheaths (SES) during ureteroscopy (URS). Studies about outcomes after SES URS have been limited by small sample sizes. Here, we performed an analysis of postoperative outcomes of 2284 patients who underwent SES URS for the treatment of renal stone disease. We found that 86% of patients were stone-free at one month, with 50% of patients not requiring any repeat procedures for stone clearance. 1.28% experienced a major complication (Clavien-Dindo ≥ 3); 4.6% had postoperative fever, and 1.28% experienced sepsis after surgery. Ureteral injuries were seen in 1.5% of patients. Stone burden (OR 0.45 [0.33–0.62]) and the requirement of stent placement after lithotripsy (OR 0.71 [0.54–0.95]) were associated with lower SFR, while the use of basket during URS doubled the chances of being stone-free (OR 2.17 [1.33–3.53]). Age, while statistically significant, was not clinically relevant (OR 0.97 [0.96–0.98]). Our study is limited by its retrospective nature and the absence of a comparator group. Nonetheless, this study represents the largest cohort of patients to undergo SES URS for renal stone disease, and demonstrates that SES URS is a safe and efficacious technique for stone removal, with an SFR of 86% at one-month, and a 1.28% sepsis rate after surgery. Manual stone extraction in these patients can double their chances of being stone-free, thus highlighting that the use of SES alone is insufficient during URS.
An organic molecular mimic metal-free heterogeneous catalyst for electrocatalytic alkyne semihydrogenation
Authors: Zhang Bin , Song Ziyang , Yang Rong , Wu Yongmeng , Liu Xinyu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The direct construction of metal-free catalysts on conductive substrates for electrocatalytic organic hydrogenation reactions is significant but still unexplored. Here, learning from the homogeneous molecular catalysts, an organic molecular mimic metal-free heterogeneous catalyst is designed and constructed in situ on a graphite flake electrode via a mild electrochemically oxidation-reduction relay strategy. The as-prepared–COOH- and –OH-functionalized metal-free catalyst exhibits an electrocatalytic alkyne semihydrogenation performance with a 72% Faradaic efficiency, 99% selectivity and 96% yield of the alkene product, which is comparable to that of noble metal catalysts. The removal of these oxygen-containing groups leads to the negligible activity. The experimental and calculation results reveal that the origin of the high activity can be assigned to the –COOH and –OH groups on graphite. A flow electrolytic cell delivers ten-gram grade hydrogenated products with 81% Faradaic efficiency. This metal-free catalyst is also suitable for gas-phase acetylene semihydrogenation and other electrocatalytic hydrogenation reactions.
A Research Paper on the Design of a Business Model Framework for Digital Transformation Adoption
Authors: Mothabine Thabe 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

This study aimed to develop a novel business model framework tailored for implementing digital transformation within organisations, necessitating a detailed examination of key components. The investigation commenced with an in-depth analysis of digital transformation integration within the business models of the top 100 organisations listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) from 2020 to 2022. JSE-listed firms were chosen due to their status as industry benchmarks, offering insights into digital best practices, supported by the International Integrated Reporting Council's (IIRC) International < IR > Framework.
The study sought to validate the assertion that digitally transformed business models correlate with improved organisational performance, employing the CAMELS Rating System model to evaluate performance. Despite challenges from the COVID-19 pandemic, findings consistently demonstrated high levels of digital transformation adoption within the organisations studied, with none classified as having poor or moderate adoption.
Subsequently, the study meticulously analysed the resulting scores for digital transformation adoption and overall performance, using correlation coefficients to examine the relationship between these variables. Although the findings indicated relatively weak correlations, suggesting the need for further investigation, they were consistent with established literature highlighting the benefits of innovative and strategically aligned business models. These initial findings were seen as encouraging and could potentially stimulate ongoing research in this field.
Building on these findings, the study developed the "Digital Evolution Navigator Framework," drawing from theoretical foundations including Resource Based Theory, Diffusion Theory of Innovation, Theory of Planned Behaviour, Rational Choice Theory, Social Cognitive Theory, and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology. This framework aims to equip organisations with tools and strategies to navigate digital transformation effectively, empowering them to enhance adaptability and competitiveness in the digital era.
A dynamic one-dimensional model for simulating unsteady air–water stratified flow in sewer pipes
Authors: Le Hao , Huang Biao , Wang Chunling , Liu Jiachun 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
Ventilation is paramount in sanitary and stormwater sewer systems to mitigate odor problems and avert pressure surges. Existing numerical models have constraints in practical applications in actual sewer systems due to insufficient airflow modeling or suitability only for steady-state conditions. This research endeavors to formulate a mathematical model capable of accurately simulating various operational conditions of sewer systems under the natural ventilation condition. The dynamic water flow is modeled using a shock-capturing MacCormack scheme. The dynamic airflow model amalgamates energy and momentum equations, circumventing laborious pressure iteration computations. This model utilizes friction coefficients at interfaces to enhance the description of the momentum exchange in the airflow and provide a logical explanation for air pressure. A systematic analysis indicates that this model can be easily adapted to include complex boundary conditions, facilitating its use for modeling airflow in real sewer networks. Furthermore, this research uncovers a direct correlation between the air-to-water flow rate ratio and the filling ratio under natural ventilation conditions, and an empirical formula encapsulating this relationship is derived. This finding offers insights for practical engineering applications.
A Web-Based Training Program for School Staff to Respond to Self-Harm: Design and Development of the Supportive Response to Self-Harm Program
Authors: Burn Anne-Marie , Hall Poppy , Anderson Joanna 
Published: April 2024

Background
Self-harm is common among adolescents and is a major public health concern. School staff may be the first adults to notice a young person’s self-harm and are well placed to provide support or signpost students to help. However, school staff often report that they do not feel equipped or confident to support students. Despite the need, there is a lack of evidence-based training about self-harm for school staff. A web-based training program would provide schools with a flexible and cost-effective method of increasing staff knowledge, skills, and confidence in how to respond to students who self-harm.

Objective
The main objective of this study was to coproduce an evidence-based training program for school staff to improve their skills and confidence in responding to students who self-harm (Supportive Response to Self-Harm [SORTS]). This paper describes the design and development process of an initial prototype coproduced with stakeholders to ensure that the intervention meets their requirements.

Methods
Using a user-centered design and person-based approach, the SORTS prototype was informed by (1) a review of research literature, existing guidelines, and policies; (2) coproduction discussions with the technical provider and subject matter experts (mental health, education, and self-harm); (3) findings from focus groups with young people; and (4) coproduction workshops with school staff. Thematic analysis using the framework method was applied.

Results
Coproduction sessions with experts and the technical provider enabled us to produce a draft of the training content, a wireframe, and example high-fidelity user interface designs. Analysis of focus groups and workshops generated four key themes: (1) need for a training program; (2) acceptability, practicality, and implementation; (3) design, content, and navigation; and (4) adaptations and improvements. The findings showed that there is a clear need for a web-based training program about self-harm in schools, and the proposed program content and design were useful, practical, and acceptable. Consultations with stakeholders informed the iterative development of the prototype.

Conclusions
SORTS is a web-based training program for school staff to appropriately respond to students who self-harm that is based on research evidence and developed in collaboration with stakeholders. The SORTS program will equip school staff with the skills and strategies to respond in a supportive way to students who self-harm and encourage schools to adopt a whole-school approach to self-harm. Further research is needed to complete the intervention development based on the feedback from this study and evaluate the program’s effectiveness. If found to be effective, the SORTS program could be implemented in schools and other youth organizations.