bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression patterns of novel immunotherapy targets in intermediate- and high-grade lung neuroendocrine neoplasms
Authors: Ferencz Bence , Török Klára , Pipek Orsolya , Fillinger János , Csende Kristóf , Lantos András , Černeková Radoslava , Mitták Marcel , Škarda Jozef , Delongová Patricie , Megyesfalvi Evelyn , Schelch Karin , Lang Christian , Solta Anna , Boettiger Kristiina , Brcic Luka , Lindenmann Jörg , Rényi-Vámos Ferenc , Aigner Clemens , Berta Judit , Megyesfalvi Zsolt , Döme Balázs 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Advancements in immunotherapeutic approaches only had a modest impact on the therapy of lung neuroendocrine neoplasms (LNENs). Our multicenter study aimed to investigate the expression patterns of novel immunotherapy targets in intermediate- and high-grade LNENs.

Methods
The expressions of V-domain Ig suppressor of T cell activation (VISTA), OX40L, Glucocorticoid-induced TNF receptor (GITR), and T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (TIM3) proteins were measured by immunohistochemistry in surgically resected tumor samples of 26 atypical carcinoid (AC), 49 large cell neuroendocrine lung cancer (LCNEC), and 66 small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients. Tumor and immune cells were separately scored.

Results
Tumor cell TIM3 expression was the highest in ACs (p < 0.001), whereas elevated tumor cell GITR levels were characteristic for both ACs and SCLCs (p < 0.001 and p = 0.011, respectively). OX40L expression of tumor cells was considerably lower in ACs (vs. SCLCs; p < 0.001). Tumor cell VISTA expression was consistently low in LNENs, with no significant differences across histological subtypes. ACs were the least immunogenic tumors concerning immune cell abundance (p < 0.001). Immune cell VISTA and GITR expressions were also significantly lower in these intermediate-grade malignancies than in SCLCs or in LCNECs. Immune cell TIM3 and GITR expressions were associated with borderline prognostic significance in our multivariate model (p = 0.057 and p = 0.071, respectively).

Conclusions
LNEN subtypes have characteristic and widely divergent VISTA, OX40L, GITR, and TIM3 protein expressions. By shedding light on the different expression patterns of these immunotherapy targets, the current multicenter study provides support for the future implementation of novel immunotherapeutic approaches.
Nurses’ roles, interventions, and implications for management of rheumatic diseases
Authors: Auyezkhankyzy Dana , Khojakulova Umida , Yessirkepov Marlen , Qumar Ainur B. , Zimba Olena , Kocyigit Burhan Fatih , Akaltun Mazlum Serdar 
Published: May 2024

AbstractNurses have become integral members of multidisciplinary teams in managing rheumatic diseases, departing from their traditional patient care roles. This article provides a comprehensive review of nurses’ roles, interventions, and impacts in several rheumatic diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, spondyloarthritis, gout, systemic lupus erythematosus, and polymyalgia rheumatica. It has been demonstrated that care under nursing supervision is effective and safe, with benefits including disease management, quality of life, and treatment adherence. In addition, nurses play a crucial role in promoting health, educating patients, and administering biological disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the significance of telehealth services and nurses’ role in delivering remote care. However, nursing education and training challenges persist, particularly in standardization and access to postgraduate education. Efforts to enhance the role of nurses in rheumatology care are necessary to optimize patient outcomes and meet the evolving needs of individuals with rheumatic diseases. Collaboration across healthcare institutions, professional groups, and educational facilities is necessary for promoting the continual growth and advancement of rheumatology nurse practice. By equipping nurses with the requisite knowledge, expertise, and resources to deliver top-notch care, we can enhance the well-being of individuals with rheumatic diseases and foster improved overall health outcomes.
Association between meal context and meal quality: an ecological momentary assessment in Japanese adults
Authors: Shinozaki Nana , Murakami Kentaro , Kimoto Nana , Masayasu Shizuko , Sasaki Satoshi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose was to assess the relationship between the quality of meals and its context.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study of 222 Japanese adults aged 30–76 years in 2021. The following information was obtained from the 4-d weighed dietary records: the recording day (working or not), meal type (breakfast, lunch, or dinner), eating companions (alone or with someone), eating location (at home or away from home), and screen-based activity (yes or no). The nutritional quality of each meal was evaluated using the Healthy Eating Index 2020 (HEI-2020).

Results
The analysis included 1,295 meals for males and 1,317 for females. The mean HEI-2020 ranged from 43.0 (lunch) to 51.9 (dinner) in males and from 45.7 (breakfast) to 52.0 (dinner) in females. Multilevel linear regression showed that, in males, lunch had a significantly lower HEI-2020 score compared to breakfast (β = −1.81, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −3.42, − 0.20), while dinner had a significantly higher HEI-2020 score (β = 6.77, 95% CI: 5.34, 8.20). Eating with someone was significantly associated with a higher HEI-2020 score (β = 2.22, 95% CI: 0.76, 3.67). Among females, dinner had a higher HEI-2020 score than breakfast (β = 5.21, 95% CI: 3.72, 6.70). Eating away from home was associated with higher HEI-2020 scores (β = 2.14, 95% CI: 0.04, 4.24).

Conclusion
Meal type, location, and eating companions were associated with meal quality in this population, with differences between males and females. Incorporating these factors in nutrition education and interventions can enhance diet quality.
Unveiling cellular and molecular aspects of ascending thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections
Authors: Ganizada Berta H. , Veltrop Rogier J. A. , Akbulut Asim C. , Koenen Rory R. , Accord Ryan , Lorusso Roberto , Maessen Jos G. , Reesink Koen , Bidar Elham , Schurgers Leon J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAscending thoracic aortic aneurysm (ATAA) remains a significant medical concern, with its asymptomatic nature posing diagnostic and monitoring challenges, thereby increasing the risk of aortic wall dissection and rupture. Current management of aortic repair relies on an aortic diameter threshold. However, this approach underestimates the complexity of aortic wall disease due to important knowledge gaps in understanding its underlying pathologic mechanisms.Since traditional risk factors cannot explain the initiation and progression of ATAA leading to dissection, local vascular factors such as extracellular matrix (ECM) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) might harbor targets for early diagnosis and intervention. Derived from diverse embryonic lineages, VSMCs exhibit varied responses to genetic abnormalities that regulate their contractility. The transition of VSMCs into different phenotypes is an adaptive response to stress stimuli such as hemodynamic changes resulting from cardiovascular disease, aging, lifestyle, and genetic predisposition. Upon longer exposure to stress stimuli, VSMC phenotypic switching can instigate pathologic remodeling that contributes to the pathogenesis of ATAA.This review aims to illuminate the current understanding of cellular and molecular characteristics associated with ATAA and dissection, emphasizing the need for a more nuanced comprehension of the impaired ECM–VSMC network.
From diagnosis to intervention: a review of telemedicine’s role in skin cancer care
Authors: Mashoudy Kayla D. , Perez Sofia M. , Nouri Keyvan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSkin cancer treatment is a core aspect of dermatology that relies on accurate diagnosis and timely interventions. Teledermatology has emerged as a valuable asset across various stages of skin cancer care including triage, diagnosis, management, and surgical consultation. With the integration of traditional dermoscopy and store-and-forward technology, teledermatology facilitates the swift sharing of high-resolution images of suspicious skin lesions with consulting dermatologists all-over. Both live video conference and store-and-forward formats have played a pivotal role in bridging the care access gap between geographically isolated patients and dermatology providers. Notably, teledermatology demonstrates diagnostic accuracy rates that are often comparable to those achieved through traditional face-to-face consultations, underscoring its robust clinical utility. Technological advancements like artificial intelligence and reflectance confocal microscopy continue to enhance image quality and hold potential for increasing the diagnostic accuracy of virtual dermatologic care. While teledermatology serves as a valuable clinical tool for all patient populations including pediatric patients, it is not intended to fully replace in-person procedures like Mohs surgery and other necessary interventions. Nevertheless, its role in facilitating the evaluation of skin malignancies is gaining recognition within the dermatologic community and fostering high approval rates from patients due to its practicality and ability to provide timely access to specialized care.
Click evoked otoacoustic emissions in occupational exposure to lead, concentrations of selected essential elements and markers of oxidative stress
Authors: Wąsik Marta , Lisowska Grażyna , Słota Michał , Miśkiewicz-Orczyk Katarzyna , Kasperczyk Aleksandra , Bellanti Francesco , Dobrakowski Michał , Bułdak Rafał Jakub , Kasperczyk Sławomir 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study focused on the selected markers of oxidative stress, impact of elevated lead levels on long-term hearing quality. We investigated whether the presence of certain essential minerals might provide protection to the auditory system against the effects of lead (and cadmium) compounds.

Methods
The research group included 280 male employees of the zinc and lead smelter, which was divided into: L-Pb—low blood lead concentration (PbB) subgroup, H-Pb—high PbB subgroup. Hearing tests were performed using the click evoked otoacoustic emission (CEOAE).

Results
Zinc protoporphyrin level was significantly higher in the H-Pb subgroup by 68%. Cd concentration was significantly higher in H-Pb by 33%. The Ca concentration was significantly lower in the H-Pb by − 2%. Selected oxidative stress markers concentration were significantly higher in the H-Pb group: malondialdehyde (MDA) by 4%, and lipofuscin (LPS) by 9%. In the CEOAE results showed statistically significant differences between the L-Pb and H-Pb subgroups. Larger negative changes in otoemission amplitude were observed in H-Pb subgroup. All otoemission results showed a statistically significant negative correlation with age, time of work, MDA concentration, and with PbB. Selected CEOAE parameters showed a significant negative correlation with cadmium blood concentration (CdB), and a positive correlation with Ca and Zn.

Conclusion
Elevated blood lead content in occupational exposure is associated with an increase in MDA and LPS concentration, which negatively correlates with CEOAE parameters. This suggests an important role of oxidative stress in the long-term deterioration of hearing.
Knockdown of NADK promotes LUAD ferroptosis via NADPH/FSP1 axis
Authors: Meng Xiangpeng , Peng Fang , Yu Shijie , Chi Xinming , Wang Wenchi , Shao Shujuan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Lung cancer is a serious threat to human health and is the first leading cause of cancer death. Ferroptosis, a newly discovered form of programmed cell death associated with redox homeostasis, is of particular interest in the lung cancer, given the high oxygen environment of lung cancer. NADPH has reducing properties and therefore holds the potential to resist ferroptosis. Resistance to ferroptosis exists in lung cancer, but the role of NADK in regulating ferroptosis in lung cancer has not been reported yet.

Methods
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to analyse the expression of NADK in 86 cases of lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD) and adjacent tissues, and a IHC score was assigned to each sample. Chi-square and kaplan-meier curve was performed to analyse the differences in metastasis and five-year survival between the two groups with NADK high or low scores. Proliferation of NADK-knockdown LUAD cell lines was detected in vivo and vitro. Furthermore, leves of ROS, MDA and Fe2+ were measured to validate the effect and mechanism of NADK on ferroptosis in LUAD.

Results
The expression of NADK was significantly evaluated in LUAD tissues as compared to adjacent non-cancerous tissues. The proliferation of NADK-knockdown cells was inhibited both in vivo and vitro, and increasing levels of intracellular ROS, Fe2+ and lipid peroxide products (MDA) were observed. Furthermore, NADK-knockdown promoted the ferroptosis of LUAD cells induced by Erastin/RSL3 by regulating the level of NADPH and the expression of FSP1. Knockdown of NADK enhanced the sensitivities of LUAD cells to Erastin/RSL3-induced ferroptosis by regulating NADPH level and FSP1 expression.

Conclusions
NADK is over-expressed in LUAD patients. Knockdown of NADK inhibited the proliferation of LUAD cells both in vitro and in vivo and promotes the Erastin/RSL3-induced ferroptosis of LUAD cells by down-regulating the NADPH/FSP1 axis.
Red-billed blue magpie optimizer: a novel metaheuristic algorithm for 2D/3D UAV path planning and engineering design problems
Authors: Fu Shengwei , Li Ke , Huang Haisong , Ma Chi , Fan Qingsong , Zhu Yunwei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractNumerical optimization, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) path planning, and engineering design problems are fundamental to the development of artificial intelligence. Traditional methods show limitations in dealing with these complex nonlinear models. To address these challenges, the swarm intelligence algorithm is introduced as a metaheuristic method and effectively implemented. However, existing technology exhibits drawbacks such as slow convergence speed, low precision, and poor robustness. In this paper, we propose a novel metaheuristic approach called the Red-billed Blue Magpie Optimizer (RBMO), inspired by the cooperative and efficient predation behaviors of red-billed blue magpies. The mathematical model of RBMO was established by simulating the searching, chasing, attacking prey, and food storage behaviors of the red-billed blue magpie. To demonstrate RBMO’s performance, we first conduct qualitative analyses through convergence behavior experiments. Next, RBMO’s numerical optimization capabilities are substantiated using CEC2014 (Dim = 10, 30, 50, and 100) and CEC2017 (Dim = 10, 30, 50, and 100) suites, consistently achieving the best Friedman mean rank. In UAV path planning applications (two-dimensional and three − dimensional), RBMO obtains preferable solutions, demonstrating its effectiveness in solving NP-hard problems. Additionally, in five engineering design problems, RBMO consistently yields the minimum cost, showcasing its advantage in practical problem-solving. We compare our experimental results with three categories of widely recognized algorithms: (1) advanced variants, (2) recently proposed algorithms, and (3) high-performance optimizers, including CEC winners.
Racialized economic segregation and inequities in treatment initiation and survival among patients with metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Pittell Harlan , Calip Gregory S. , Pierre Amy , Ryals Cleo A. , Guadamuz Jenny S. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Racialized economic segregation, a form of structural racism, may drive persistent inequities among patients with breast cancer. We examined whether a composite area-level index of racialized economic segregation was associated with real-world treatment and survival in metastatic breast cancer (mBC).

Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study among adult women with mBC using a US nationwide electronic health record-derived de-identified database (2011–2022). Population-weighted quintiles of the index of concentration at the extremes were estimated using census tract data. To identify inequities in time to treatment initiation (TTI) and overall survival (OS), we employed Kaplan–Meier methods and estimated hazard ratios (HR) adjusted for clinical factors.

Results
The cohort included 27,459 patients. Compared with patients from the most privileged areas, those from the least privileged areas were disproportionately Black (36.9% vs. 2.6%) or Latinx (13.2% vs. 2.6%) and increasingly diagnosed with de novo mBC (33.6% vs. 28.9%). Those from the least privileged areas had longer median TTI than those from the most privileged areas (38 vs 31 days) and shorter median OS (29.7 vs 39.2 months). Multivariable-adjusted HR indicated less timely treatment initiation (HR 0.87, 95% CI 0.83, 0.91, p < 0.01) and worse OS (HR 1.19, 95% CI 1.13, 1.25, p < 0.01) among those from the least privileged areas compared to the most privileged areas.

Conclusion
Racialized economic segregation is a social determinant of health associated with treatment and survival inequities in mBC. Public investments directly addressing racialized economic segregation and other forms of structural racism are needed to reduce inequities in cancer care and outcomes.
The Moral Status of Pecuniary Externalities
Authors: Kogelmann Brian , Carroll Jeffrey 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPecuniary externalities—costs imposed on third parties mediated through the price system—have typically received little philosophical attention. Recently, this has begun to change. In two separate papers, Richard Endörfer (Econ Philos 38, pp. 221–241, 2022) and Hayden Wilkinson (Philos Public Affairs 50: 202–238, 2022) place pecuniary externalities at center stage. Though their arguments differ significantly, both conclude pecuniary externalities are in some sense morally problematic. If the state is not called on to regulate pecuniary externalities, then, at the very least, individuals should be conscious of how their productive and consumptive decisions affect others by changing prices. We disagree. Both arguments fail, in that neither gives us reason to think pecuniary externalities are cause for moral concern. Unless a new argument emerges, pecuniary externalities should be left alone.
Ecosystem Resilience Monitoring and Early Warning Using Earth Observation Data: Challenges and Outlook
Authors: Bathiany Sebastian , Bastiaansen Robbin , Bastos Ana , Blaschke Lana , Lever Jelle , Loriani Sina , De Keersmaecker Wanda , Dorigo Wouter , Milenković Milutin , Senf Cornelius , Smith Taylor , Verbesselt Jan , Boers Niklas 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAs the Earth system is exposed to large anthropogenic interferences, it becomes ever more important to assess the resilience of natural systems, i.e., their ability to recover from natural and human-induced perturbations. Several, often related, measures of resilience have been proposed and applied to modeled and observed data, often by different scientific communities. Focusing on terrestrial ecosystems as a key component of the Earth system, we review methods that can detect large perturbations (temporary excursions from a reference state as well as abrupt shifts to a new reference state) in spatio-temporal datasets, estimate the recovery rate after such perturbations, or assess resilience changes indirectly from stationary time series via indicators of critical slowing down. We present here a sequence of ideal methodological steps in the field of resilience science, and argue how to obtain a consistent and multi-faceted view on ecosystem or climate resilience from Earth observation (EO) data. While EO data offers unique potential to study ecosystem resilience globally at high spatial and temporal scale, we emphasize some important limitations, which are associated with the theoretical assumptions behind diagnostic methods and with the measurement process and pre-processing steps of EO data. The latter class of limitations include gaps in time series, the disparity of scales, and issues arising from aggregating time series from multiple sensors. Based on this assessment, we formulate specific recommendations to the EO community in order to improve the observational basis for ecosystem resilience research.
Algebraic Completeness of Connexive and Bi-Intuitionistic Multilattice Logics
Authors: Petrukhin Yaroslav 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce the notions of connexive and bi-intuitionistic multilattices and develop on their base the algebraic semantics for Kamide, Shramko, and Wansing’s connexive and bi-intuitionistic multilattice logics which were previously known in the form of sequent calculi and Kripke semantics. We prove that these logics are sound and complete with respect to the presented algebraic structures.
Disruption of polar order in lead zirconate titanate by composition-modulated artificial superlattice
Authors: Sato Yukio , Kimura Goki , Kweon Sang Hyo , Tan Goon , Kanno Isaku 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLead zirconate titanate (Pb (Zrx, Ti1−x)O3: PZT) is a well-known ferroelectric compound, in which long-range polar order is usually developed. In the present study, it was clarified by distortion-corrected atomic-scale scanning transmission electron microscopy imaging that long-range polar order is disrupted in PZT by utilizing composition-modulated superlattice. Shape of unit cell was unusual both in the Pb(Zr0.65Ti0.35)O3 (PZT65) and Pb(Zr0.30Ti0.70)O3 (PZT30) layers, which was due to mutual in-plane lattice constraint. By taking account of this, first-principles calculations clarified that multiple directions can be energetically favorable for lead-ion displacement, which explains a reason why long-range polar order was disrupted.
The infectious divide: a comparative study of the social impact of gated communities on the surrounding in the middle East
Authors: Hammad Ahmed , Li Mengbi , Vrcelj Zora 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn recent years, gated communities have increasingly become an attractive lifestyle residence worldwide and in the Middle fostering security, privacy, seclusion, and exclusivity. Nonetheless, it seems that with these benefits, other impacts had unfolded and exposed the urban fabric to new attributes such as segregation, fragmentation, and social exclusion. However, gaps exist in the literature on comparative studies on gated communities in regions such as GCC (Gulf Corporation Council) countries and the Middle East (Glasze & Alkhayyal, 2002). This paper aims to examine the social impact of gated communities on the surrounding neighbourhoods through a comparative analysis of cases from the Middle East and GCC. The methodology was implemented to develop a qualitative framework of social segregation indicators to examine similarities and differences between the cases, aiming to identify patterns and gain insights to answer the article’s question of whether this phenomenon can be contagious in different settings. Findings reveal that gated communities can have negative and positive impacts on the social well-being of the surrounding neighbourhoods and may lead to social segregation and exclusion in different geographical settings despite their emergence motives. The paper concludes that isolation and lack of interaction between residents inside and outside the walls may have impacts on the social aspect of the surroundings.