bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Linkage between the K blood group locus and the 6‐PGD locus in horses
Authors: Sandberg Kaj 
Published: August 2010

SummaryLinkage between the K blood group locus and the 6‐PGD locus in horses was demonstrated by means of segregation data from 21 sire families representing a total number of 584 matings. The recombination frequency was estimated at 0.24 ± 0.02.
Histocompatibility studies in pigs from outbred and semi‐inbred families
Authors: Hruban V. , Simon M. , Hradecký J. 
Published: August 2010

SummarySkin graft experiments with pig siblings from semi‐inbred and outbred families confirmed the existence of a pig main histocompatibility system (MHS). Grafts exchanged between serological (lymphocytotoxicity) MHS incompatible siblings from outbred matings survived 5.6 days and between compatible animals 9.8 days. In compatible pairs from semi‐inbred matings they survived 22.4 days and in incompatible individuals 6.1 days. Skin grafts exchanged between individuals with E blood group compatibility led to the formation of haemagglutinating and lym‐phocytotoxic antibodies reacting with some E antigens. The results indicate that the survival of skin grafts in semi‐inbred pigs is apparently influenced also by differences in the E system.
Agglutinability of cattle red cells. 1. Agglutination by lectins of enzyme‐treated red cells
Authors: Sellei J. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryPronase‐treated cattle red cells (CRC) from different monozygous (MZ) twin pairs could be classified as weakly (titre 1: 2, 1: 4) or strongly (titre 1: 1024, 1: 4096) agglutinable when Phytohemagglutinin‐M (Phy‐M) was used as agglutinin. In the presence of concavalin‐A (Con‐A), the CRC from different MZ pairs treated with pronase, A‐chymotrypsin or trypsin showed a gradation from low (titre 1: 32) to high (titre 1: 256 000) agglutinability. The trypsin‐treated CRC which had A1, A2 blood factors usually had a titre of 1: 8000 or higher with Con‐A. Both the intact CRC and the CRC treated with proteolytic enzymes were capable of absorbing the Phy‐M or Con‐A lectins.
Genetic polymorphism of leucine aminopeptidase in canine plasma
Authors: Tanabe Yuichi , Sugiura Shuji , Asanoma Masaharu , Ota Katuaki 
Published: August 2010

SummaryGenetic polymorphism was found in the isozymes of leucine aminopeptidase in the canine plasma. Analysis of parentage records of the dogs examined revealed that the phenotypic variation of leucine aminopeptidase isozymes was controlled by one autosomal locus, designated Lap, with two codominant gene alleles, LapA and LapB, though individuals of homozygous B type were not found in the specimen used. The gene frequencies were 0.97 for LapA and 0.03 for LapB in most of the dog breeds examined. Higher frequencies for LapB (0.11–0.25) were obtained in breeds such as Pointer, Doberman pinscher, Boxer, Borzoi and San'in‐Shiba (a Japanese native breed), while in German shepherd, Collie, and two of the Japanese native breeds, Akita and Kishu, phenotype of the isozyme seemed to be fixed to homozygous A (LapA/LapA).
Genetical control of phosphoglucose isomerase isozymes in the Japanese quail erythrocytes
Authors: Juneja R. K. , Wilhelmsson M. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryThree phenotypes of phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI) from the Japanese quail erythrocytes were observed by horizontal starch gel electrophoresis. Population and family data from one laboratory population of quail was consistent with the theory that PGI polymorphism was controlled by two codominant, autosomal alleles designated PGIF and PGIS with gene frequency values 0.25 and 0.75, respectively. The study supported the earlier view that the Japanese quail is highly polymorphic with regard to biochemical variation.
Relationship of B blood group locus to skin allograft in chickens
Authors: Yamamoto Yoshio 
Published: August 2010

SummarySkin grafts were exchanged among 21 genotypic pairs of B blood group locus in the non‐inbred chicks of White Leghorn at 5–7 days of age. The mean percentages of B locus compatible pairs were 94.7, 84.2 and 56.8 at the 11th, 15th and 19th days after grafting, respectively. These percentages of survival grafts were significantly higher than those of incompatible pairs. The effects of three B alleles were investigated but the the differences of effects of them were not found in this experiment. Two of the prolonged survival grafts survived for 35 days after grafting and all of the incompatible grafts were rejected the 20th day after grafting. The results of skin graft provided evidence that the B blood group locus was a histocompatibility locus or closely linked to such a locus.
Myoglobin polymorphism in the pollan (Osteichthyes: Coregoninae)
Authors: Ferguson A. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryThree electrophoretically separable phenotypes of heart and lateral line muscle myoglobin were found in the Irish pollan (Coregonus pollan). This polymorphism appears to be under the control of two co‐dominant alleles. The allele frequencies were found to be virtually identical in samples from two lakes which have probably been isolated since the close of the last Ice Age. A significant excess of hetero‐zygotes was found in samples from both lakes. This myoglobin polymorphism appears to be balanced, maintained due to heterozygote superiority.
Gene dosage and antigenic expression on the cell surface of bovine erythrocytes1
Authors: Ostrand‐Rosenberg Suzanne 
Published: August 2010

SummaryElectron microscopic and serological techniques have been used to study the relationship between cell surface expression of bovine erythrocyte antigens and the genes coding for these antigens. Using cells which are genetically and serologically defined for their zygosity with respect to the Z allele, it was found that homozygous (Z/Z) cells have approximately twice as much surface Z antigen as heterozygous (Z/‐) cells. Cells labeled for the J antigen, a soluble serum substance which secondarily adsorbs to the erythrocyte surface, display a quantity of antigen which is directly related to the J titer of the cells. A new antigen is described which is independent of the J antigen, and which is detectable by EM labeling and by indirect agglutination, but not by hemolysis.
Adenosine deaminase in the pig: tissue‐specific patterns and expression of the silent ADA0 allele in nucleated cells
Authors: Widar J. , Ansay M. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryBy means of polyacrylamide gel and cellulose acetate enzymo‐electrophoresis, die authors have studied tissue‐specific isozymes of adenosine deaminase in the pig; these have been correlated to the erythrocytic ABO‐like polymorphism. The enzyme product of the ADA0 gene was detected in nucleated cells; the absence of the ADA0 gene product in erythrocytes was tentatively accounted for by an increased in vivo lability.
Note on a third allele in the erythrocytic NP system of cattle
Authors: Ansay M. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryA bull (‘Mercure’) with an erythrocytic NP (nucleoside phosphorylase), phenotype showing a slightly higher anodal mobility has been found. His progeny data generally support the hypothesis of a third F allele in addition to the more common S and the L alleles, resulting in an ABO‐like system.
Further studies on the genetic control of chicken plasma alkaline phosphatase isozyme
Authors: Tamaki Yoshinori 
Published: August 2010

SummaryThe effects of neuraminidase treatment on the electrophoretic pattern of alkaline phosphatase (AP) isozymes and AP activity were investigated in chicken plasma. AP comprised three isozymes. The zymogram of an individual chicken plasma had two bands, either the faster (F) or the slower (S) moving band by isozyme types and the B band irrespective of isozyme types. Mobility of the S band and AP activity in chicken plasma were not affected by neuraminidase treatment. The treatment has a reduced migration rate of the F band equal to that of the S band and the B band of both types closer to the origin. The genetic control of these bands is discussed.
Blood groups and serum protein polymorphisms in the Pitman‐Moore and Ohmini strains of miniature pigs
Authors: Oishi Takao , Tomita Takeshi 
Published: August 2010

SummaryThe variations of blood groups and biochemical polymorphisms in the populations of the two miniature pig strains reared in Japan were investigated in this report. The variations in eight blood group systems were investigated by using serological techniques, and five serum protein systems by using starch gel electrophoresis. The Pitman‐Moore strain showed no variations in K, O, Tf, Cp and Am systems, but showed plymorphisms in A, E, F, G, H, L, Pa and Hpx systems. The Ohmini strain showed no or little variations in E, F, G, Tf, Pa and Cp systems, but showed polymorphisms in A, H, K, L, O, Hpx and Am systems. From the results of investigation of genetic similarities among nine pig populations including various breeds, it was made clear that the two miniature pig strains were very different genetically, and the Pitman‐Moore strain was genetically closer to European large pig breeds than to East Asian native pigs, while the Ohmini strain was close to Thai and Philippine natives.
Genetic variation of pancreatic esterase isozyme in Japanese quail
Authors: Hashiguchi Tsutomu , Bean Loh Soo , Maeda Yoshizane , Taketomi Manjiro 
Published: August 2010

SummaryA genetic variation was found in pancreatic esterases of Japanese quail which appeared to be arylesterase. It was found on the cathode side in the agar gel electrophoresis. Three phenotypes, A, B and AB, were observed. These phenotypes were shown to be controlled by one autosomal locus, designated as Es‐4, with co‐dominant alleles Es‐4A and Es‐4B. Es‐4 esterase isozymes were detected in all the individuals from about 4 days of age, but the activity was very weak. However, it gradually increased to reach a level almost the same as that of a mature quail from about 15 days of age.
Interaction of genes controlling two allotypes in chickens1
Authors: Janicka‐Mazur Wieslawa , Wegrzyn Jan , Duniec Marian 
Published: August 2010

SummaryThis paper presents the results of the investigations of the newly detected antigen of chicken blood serum, called K2. It was established that the K2 antigen which was identified with isoimmune serum was a β‐globulin with the molecular weight over 200 000.The results of the genetic analysis based on sire‐dam‐offspring combinations seemed to indicate that the antigen under examination was controlled by a gene hypostatic to the gene controlling the previously described Kl allotype.
Polymorphism of phosphoglucomutase in a German breed cattle
Authors: Ananthakrishnan R. , Schneider P. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryHaemolysates from cattle belonging to the Hochfleckvieh breed (N = 42), were studied for electrophoretic variation of phosphoglucomutase. Three phenotypes were observed which could be explained on the basis of two alleles PGMiA and PGMiB. The PGM'B frequency of 0.7325 is comparatively lower than in other breeds.
Immunogenetic polymorphism of lipoproteins in swine. 1. Four additional serum β‐lipoprotein allotypes (Lpp2, Lpp4, Lpp5 and Lpp15) in the Lpp system1
Authors: Rapacz J. , Hasler‐Rapacz Judith , Kuo W. H. , Li D. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryFour additional swine serum lipoprotein allotypes are described. Specific anti‐allotype reagents were obtained from alloimmune precipitating sera produced in lipoprotein‐defined‐type recipients immunized with normal sera and subsequently with lipoprotein fractions. Identification studies indicate that the four serologically defined low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) variants, designated Lpp2, Lpp4, Lpp5 and Lpp15, are members of a previously described Lpp system. The individual specificities, Lpp2, Lpp4 and Lpp5, are determined by three co‐dominant autosomal genes, Lpp2, Lpp4 and Lpp5, respectively, whereas the common specificity, Lpp 15, is controlled by a complex of genetic information of the Lpp‐ and Lpp* genes, and by the two previously described alleles, Lpp1 and Lpp3; Lpp15 occurs on the same molecule with respective individual specificity. The Lpp5 and Lpp15 antigens behave as a pair of alternative allotypic specificities. The double immunodiffusion test in agar was employed to demonstrate independent phenotypic expression of each allelic gene in the Lpp heterozygous animals, for the analysis of the immune sera, and for lipoprotein testing of 3305 sera. Marked differences in gene frequencies were found between the swine breeds tested. As a result of characteristic frequencies, only nine of 15 possible Lpp genotypes were found in the breeding herds tested; the remaining six genotypes were obtained from testcross matings.
Studies on red cell carbonic anhydrase types in Korean cattle
Authors: Han Sang Kee , Suzuki Shozo 
Published: August 2010

SummaryRed cell carbonic anhydrase types in Korean cattle were investigated by means of starch gel electrophoresis.A carbonic anhydrase zone (X) located ahead zone F was found in 12 out of 502 Korean cattle.The distribution of CA phenotypes in 490 Korean cattle was CA FS type 92 and CA SS type 398. The CA FF type has not yet been recognized in Korean cattle. The gene frequencies were CAF– 0.094 and CAF= 0.906. No statistically significant differences were observed between gene frequencies in cattle from six different Korea provinces.
Inheritance studies of glucose phosphate isomerase, transferrin and esterases in the Australian hopping mice Notomys alexis, N. cervinus, N. mitchellii and N. fuscus (Rodentia: Muridae)
Authors: Baverstock P. R. , Watts C. H. S. , Cole S. R. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryElectrophoretic variation in glucose phosphate isomerase was found in N. alexis, N. cervinus and N. fuscus. Inheritance was apparently Mendelian with two co‐dominant alleles; heterozygotes possessed a triple‐banded phenotype. High intra‐specific electrophoretic variability was found in all species for transferrin. Most of the variation was attributable to variation in the number of attached moieties, probably sialic acid. In N. alexis however, a second pattern of transferrin variation was found that followed a Mendelian pattern of codominant inheritance. In all four species, considerable variability was found in three zones of esterase activity, but the pattern of inheritance was not elucidated.
A survey of biochemical variants found in groundfish stocks from the North Pacific and Bering Sea
Authors: Johnson Allyn G. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryThis report provides information on biochemical variants found in 17 species. These variants may be useful in answering some of the questions facing fisheries agencies concerning stock separation, hybridization, and life histories. Further studies should provide useful information in the areas of population biology of fishes in Alaskan waters.
Polymorphism of 6‐phosphogluconate dehydrogenase in the leucocytes of cattle
Authors: Probeck H.‐D. , Geldermann H. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryBy means of starch gel electrophoresis the polymorphism of the 6‐phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) has been found in cattle leucocytes. The phenotypes (A, AB and B) and allele frequencies (6PGDA= 0.425; 6PGDB= 0.575) are demonstrated in families of German Friesian cattle.
Difference between the Hb C variants in Brahman and in indigenous Southern African cattle breeds
Authors: Schwellnus Marie , Guérin G. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryHaemoglobin polymorphism in Brahman cattle and seven Southern African cattle breeds was investigated by means of starch gel electrophoresis. A difference was found between the migration rates of the Hb C of Brahman cattle and that of the indigenous Southern African cattle breeds, showing that these are actually two separate variants. We suggest that the faster migrating type, which occurs in Brahman cattle, should be called Hb C, while the slower migrating type of the Southern African breeds, should be called Hb I.A comparison of the migration of the α and β chains of all the variants we encountered, including foetal haemoglobin, was carried out by means of starch gel electrophoresis in urea at acid and alkaline pH levels. Evidence was found of a difference in mobility of the non‐a chains of haemoglobin A, B, C, I and F at different pH levels while no difference was detected in the migration rate of their respective α chains. These results confirm the theory that genetic variation is restricted to the non‐α chain of bovine haemoglobin.Progeny studies on 225 families confirm that the Hb I variant is allelic to Hb A and Hb B variants. The gene frequencies have been calculated on the basis that Hb I and Hb C are allelic at the β locus. The distribution of the different phenotypes is in accordance with this theory, assuming that the populations obey Hardy‐Weinberg equilibrium.
A new hemoglobin β chain variant in sheep
Authors: John M. E. , John Manorama 
Published: August 2010

SummaryA new hemoglobin β chain variant referred to as Hb‐E is observed in four Indian sheep breeds. Hemoglobin E is electrophoretically and chromatographically un‐distinguishable from hemoglobin B. However, polypeptide chain separation by urea‐polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis and urea CM‐cellulose chromatography reveals the new β chain. The βEchain has a slower anodic mobility than £Bchain at alkaline pH. The adult sheep hemoglobins could be classified into eight categories, namely AA, AB, AE, AC, ABC, BB, BE and EE, according to their sub‐unit composition. The occurrence of βEchain in homozygous condition or in combination with either one of the two allelic β chains βAor βB, indicate that it may be an allelic variant. Gene frequencies of three hemoglobin β chain alleles observed during the study are as follows: A = 0.192; B = 0.682; E = 0.126.
Serologically detected lymphocyte antigens in Holstein cattle1
Authors: Caldwell J. , Bryan C. F. , Cumberland P. A. , Weseli D. F. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryLymphocytes from 103 Holstein cattle were tested with 11 antilymphocytotoxic sera. Four of these sera were produced by whole blood immunization; these generally yielded lymphocytotoxicity against a large number of animals in each test panel. The majority of the sera were collected from parous cows which had never been immunized. Observations about this latter group of sera are (1) lymphocyte antibodies may occur by alloimmunization in foetal‐maternal interaction, (2) normal sera from non‐immunized parous cows generally had a narrower specificity of antibodies than from parous cows immunized with blood from unrelated animals and in some cases these antisera may be monospecific, and (3) these sera from parous cows are easy to obtain without the need for laborious immunizations. Analysis of these lymphocytotoxic sera indicate several reagents were obtained which possessed different antibodies; these were useful in detecting polymorphism of cattle lymphocyte antigens. Using these 11 sera, an analysis of the reactions patterns among 103 Holsteins, including parent‐offspring data resulted in the postulation of several alleles. These data suggest that cattle lymphocyte antigens are very polymorphic and inherited.
Serum antigens of cattle. VI. Isolation and properties of an intracellular antigen (Eel) from cattle erythrocytes*
Authors: Bhargava G. , Stone W. H. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryThe erythrocyte antigen (Ecl) of cattle has been isolated using DEAE‐cellulose chromatography, Sephadex gel filtration, and isoelectrofocusing. The purified antigen is free from hemoglobin and migrates as a single protein on polyacrylamide gels. It exhibits an absorption maximum at 278 nm and has a molecular weight of about 100 000; its isoelectric point is 4.95. The antigen has a carbohydrate moeity and loses its activity after oxidation with periodate. The evidence suggests that it is not a common isozyme, but its exact identity remains unknown.
Freeze drying cattle blood typing reagents*
Authors: Weseli D. F. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryA system is described for freeze drying and storage of reagents (antisera) used in cattle blood typing tests. Reagents were freeze‐dried in evacuated bottles at the desired dilution for rapid reconstitution to use in test procedures. Reagents not in current use were dried in bulk lots and stored in polyethylene film bags. All freeze drying procedures were performed with readily available commercial equipment. A computer program was developed to produce a current inventory of reagent supplies and projections of the number of samples which can be typed.
The possibility of germ cell chimaerism in dizygotic twin bulls
Authors: Ross D. S. , Thomas W. J. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryA study was made of the progeny of a pair of dizygotic twin bulls whose blood group phenotypes were identical but were genotypically different, indicating a complete replacement of one of the bulls haematopoietic tissus by that of its cotwin. The study was made in an attempt to determine whether the genes of one sibling were transmitted by the other. If it were so it would follow that the germ cells of the testes were chimaeric. Blood typing of 97 progeny provided no evidence to indicate the presence of such a germ cell chimaerism.
Genetics of a low‐density lipoprotein allotype in a cattle*
Authors: Iannelli D. , Oreste U. , Masina P. , De Benedictis G. , Cianfriglia M. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryThe paper describes a cattle serum antigen (LdlA1) located on a low‐density lipoprotein and detected by single radial diffusion.The specificity is inherited in a simple Mendelian manner and the gene controlling its synthesis is inherited independently from the one controlling the synthesis of the α2 macroglobulin McA1 antigen.
Presence of horse blood group antigens in the major glycoprotein fraction of the erythrocyte membrane
Authors: Gürtler L. G. , Schmid D. O. , Yeboa D. A. , Cleve H. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryThe aqueous phase of the chloroform/methanol extract of the horse erythrocyte membrane contained the blood group activities Ad, Dc or Dd. The factors Ad and Dc could be separated by gel filtration.
Length‐correlated changes in heterozygosity at an enzyme locus in the scallop (Pecten maximus L.)
Authors: Wilkins N. P. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryPhosphoglucose isomerase was analysed by electrophoresis in approximately 280 Pecten maximus individuals from two populations. Observed heterozygosity decreased with increasing dorso‐ventral valve length in both populations. The regression of heterozygosity on length in mm yielded the relationship H0= 1.119–0.003 L. Observed heterozygosity was very high in samples of small individuals indicating that self fertilization cannot be a regular feature of reproduction in this functional hermaphroditic species. Some possible causes for the observed decline in heterozygosity among larger individuals are discussed.
Genetic variants of hemoglobin in canine erythrocytes*
Authors: Tanabe Yuichi , Omi Tokiyoshi , Ôta Katuaki 
Published: August 2010

SummaryGenetic polymorphism of hemoglobin was found in the erythrocytes of dogs of seven Japanese native breeds by using starch gel electrophoresis. Analysis of parentage records of the dogs revealed that the phenotypic variation of hemoglobin is controlled by one autosomal locus with two codominant alleles, HbA and HbB. The allele HbA occurred only in Japanese native breeds except Shikoku. The frequency of HbA in the Japanese breeds was low and 0.08. All the dogs belonging to 25 European breeds and 5 oriental origin (except Japan) breeds examined in this experiments had the homozygous genotype constitution HbB/HbB.
NADH diaphorase as a genetic marker for sheep red cells
Authors: Tucker E. M. , Crowley C. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryThree NADH diaphorase phenotypes were observed in the red cells of sheep. Breeding data indicated that this polymorphism was under the control of two autosomal co‐dominant alleles, designated DiaF and Dias. Phenotype Dia F had significantly lower NADH diaphorase activity than phenotype Dia S. The frzquency of DiaF and DiaS was determined in 9 different breeds.