bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cell‐specific effects of variants of the 68‐base pair tandem repeat onprodynorphingene promoter activity
Authors: Rouault Morgane , Nielsen David A. , Ho Ann , Kreek Mary Jeanne , Yuferov Vadim 
Published: August 2010

ABSTRACTA polymorphic 68‐bp tandem repeat has been identified within the promoter of the human prodynorphin (PDYN) gene. We found that this 68‐bp repeat in thePDYNpromoter occurs naturally up to five times. We studied the effect of the number of 68‐bp repeats, and of a SNP (rs61761346) found within the repeat onPDYNgene promoter activity. Thirteen promoter forms, different naturally occurring combinations of repeats and the internal SNP, were cloned upstream of theluciferasereporter gene, transfected into human SK‐N‐SH, H69, or HEK293 cells. Cells were then stimulated with TPA or caffeine. We found cell‐specific effects of the number of 68‐bp repeats on the transcriptional activity of thePDYNpromoter. In SK‐N‐SH and H69 cells, three or four repeats led to lower expression of luciferase than did one or two repeats. The opposite effect was found in HEK293 cells. The SNP also had an effect onPDYNgene expression in both SK‐N‐SH and H69 cells; promoter forms with the A allele had significantly higher expression than promoter forms with the G allele. These results further our understanding of the complex transcriptional regulation of thePDYNgene promoter.
Implication of dopaminergic projection from the ventral tegmental area to the anterior cingulate cortex in μ‐opioid‐induced place preference
Authors: Narita Minoru , Matsushima Yuki , Niikura Keiichi , Narita Michiko , Takagi Shigemi , Nakahara Kae , Kurahashi Kana , Abe Minako , Saeki Mai , Asato Megumi , Imai Satoshi , Ikeda Kazutaka , Kuzumaki Naoko , Suzuki Tsutomu 
Published: August 2010

ABSTRACTDespite the importance of prefrontal cortical dopamine in modulating reward, little is known about the implication of the specific subregion of prefrontal cortex in opioid reward. We investigated the role of neurons projecting from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to the anterior cingulate cortex (ACG) in opioid reward. Microinjection of the retrograde tracer fluorogold (FG) into the ACG revealed several retrogradely labelled cells in the VTA. The FG‐positive reactions were noted in both tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)‐positive and ‐negative VTA neurons. The released levels of dopamine and its major metabolites in the ACG were increased by either the electrical stimulation of VTA neurons or microinjection of a selective μ‐opioid receptor (MOR) agonist, (D‐Ala2,N‐MePhe4,Gly‐ol5) enkephalin (DAMGO), into the VTA. MOR‐like immunoreactivity was seen in both TH‐positive and ‐negative VTA neurons projecting to the ACG. The conditioned place preference induced by intra‐VTA injection of DAMGO was significantly attenuated by chemical lesion of dopaminergic terminals in the ACG. The depletion of dopamine in the ACG induced early extinction of μ‐opioid‐induced place preference. The levels of phosphorylated DARPP32 (Thr34) and phosphorylated CREB (Ser133) were increased in the ACG of rats that had maintained the morphine‐induced place preference, whereas the increases of these levels induced by morphine were blocked by pre‐treatment of a selective dopamine D1 receptor antagonist SCH23390. These findings suggest that VTA‐ACG transmission may play a crucial role in the acquisition and maintenance of μ‐opioid‐induced place preference. The activation of DARPP32 and CREB through dopamine D1 receptors in the ACG could be implicated in the maintenance of μ‐opioid‐induced place preference.
Differences between smokers and non‐smokers in regional gray matter volumes: a voxel‐based morphometry study
Authors: Liao Yanhui , Tang Jinsong , Liu Tieqiao , Chen Xiaogang , Hao Wei 
Published: August 2010

ABSTRACTMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies showed a link between chronic smoking and structural brain abnormalities. To date, little is known about the long‐term effects of smoking on gray matter deficiencies. MRI study was carried for 44 smokers and 44 matched non‐smokers to assess gray matter volume differences between the two groups. Decreased gray matter volumes were found in left thalamus, medial frontal cortex and anterior cingulate of smokers in comparison to controls. This voxel‐based morphometry study is showing reduction of regional gray matter volume in smokers, which might better guide future research into the pathogenesis of chronic smoking.
The relationship between intimate partner violence and children’s asthma in 10 US states/territories
Authors: Breiding Matthew J. , Ziembroski Jessica S. 
Published: August 2010

To cite this article: Breiding MJ, Ziembroski JS. The relationship between intimate partner violence and children’s asthma in 10 US states/territories.Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2011; 22: e95–e100.AbstractIntimate partner violence (IPV) has been shown to negatively impact the health of both the adults who experience IPV and the children who are exposed to IPV. Although IPV experienced by women has been linked to children’s asthma, this study is the first to examine this question among both women and men, and the first study in the United States to examine this question as part of a population‐based data set. In 2005, ten US states/territories administered an IPV module and a children’s asthma module within the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). Lifetime IPV was assessed by four questions that asked about threatened, attempted, or completed physical violence, as well as unwanted sex, by a current or former intimate partner. The children’s asthma module asked respondents to report whether a randomly selected child in their household had ever been diagnosed with asthma and whether the same child currently had asthma. Women who experienced lifetime IPV, in contrast to women who never experienced IPV, were significantly more likely to report that their children had ever had asthma and currently have asthma. Among men, significant differences were not found when comparing men who reported lifetime IPV to those that did not report lifetime IPV. The results highlight the importance of primary prevention of IPV, as reducing the occurrence of IPV could improve not only the long‐term health of those who experience IPV but also the health of their children.
Prophylactic treatment for hypertension and seizure in a case of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation after posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome
Authors: Fukuyama Tetsuhiro , Tanaka Miyuki , Nakazawa Yozo , Motoki Noriko , Inaba Yuji , Higuchi Tsukasa , Koike Kenichi 
Published: August 2010

Fukuyama T, Tanaka M, Nakazawa Y, Motoki N, Inaba Y, Higuchi T, Koike K. Prophylactic treatment for hypertension and seizure in a case of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation after posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. Pediatr Transplantation 2011: 15: E169–E173. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  A six‐yr‐old boy developed PRES after induction chemotherapy for the relapse of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Two months after PRES, he underwent BMT from an unrelated HLA‐mismatched donor. There were many risk factors for PRES in the BMT including the long‐term use of FK506 and methylprednisolone, grade III graft‐versus‐host disease, thrombotic microangiopathy, and sepsis. Prophylactic treatment for hypertension with nicardipine in conjunction with close monitoring of the magnesium level and the use of valproic acid might be an effective management approach to prevent post‐transplant PRES.
Exophiala jeanselmei infection in solid organ transplant recipients: report of two cases and review of the literature
Authors: Lief M.H. , Caplivski D. , Bottone E. J. , Lerner S. , Vidal C. , Huprikar S. 
Published: August 2010

M.H. Lief, D. Caplivski, E.J. Bottone, S. Lerner, C. Vidal, S. Huprikar. Exophiala jeanselmei infection in solid organ transplant recipients: report of two cases and review of the literature. Transpl Infect Dis 2011: 13: 73–79. All rights reservedAbstract: Dematiaceous fungi are an opportunistic pathogen seen in solid organ transplant recipients. We report 2 cases of Exophiala infection and review the medical literature to summarize the spectrum of disease this pathogen can cause in this patient population.
Microbiological findings of culture‐positive preservation fluid in liver transplantation
Authors: Janny S. , Bert F. , Dondero F. , Durand F. , Guerrini P. , Merckx P. , Nicolas‐Chanoine M.H. , Belghiti J. , Mantz J. , Paugam‐Burtz C. 
Published: August 2010

S. Janny, F. Bert, F. Dondero, F. Durand, P. Guerrini, P. Merckx, M.H. Nicolas‐Chanoine, J. Belghiti, J. Mantz, C. Paugam‐Burtz. Microbiological findings of culture‐positive preservation fluid in liver transplantation. Transpl Infect Dis 2011: 13: 9–14. All rights reservedAbstract: Bacterial and fungal infections are the leading cause of mortality in liver transplant (LT) recipients. Few studies have examined the incidence of culture‐positive preservation fluid (PF) and the outcome of related recipients. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and the microbiologic findings of PF positive cultures, and to evaluate the impact on morbidity and mortality of LT recipients. A retrospective analysis of PF cultures performed after 477 LTs from cadavaric grafts between January 2001 and February 2008 was conducted. Forty‐five (9.5%) PFs were found to be positive with 1 or 2 pathogens. The demographic profiles of recipients of PF with positive or negative cultures were similar. Enterobacteriaceae species were the most frequent organisms (n=30), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (n=5), coagulase‐negative staphylococci (n=5), enterococci (n=4), and yeasts (n=3). Mortality rate at 1 month was not significantly different in recipients with positive or sterile PF cultures (88.1% vs. 87.7%, respectively). The rate of bacteremia among LT recipients with positive or negative PF cultures was not statistically different. Systemic infections caused by the pathogen cultured from the PF occurred in 8 (18%) of the 45 recipients, including bacteremia (4/8) or intra‐abdominal sepsis (5/8). Causative organisms were Enterobacteriaceae species (n=5), Candida species (n=2), and Enterococcus faecium (n=1). Among the 8 patients who developed infection with the PF organism, 4 (50%) died in the intensive care unit (ICU) vs. an ICU mortality rate of 8% (3/37) in those who did not develop infection with the PF organism (P<0.05). Infection occurred less frequently in recipients who received antimicrobial therapy with activity against the PF isolate than in those without appropriate treatment (41% vs. 3.8%, P<0.005). Those who develop infection with organisms recovered from PF cultures appear to have high early mortality rates; therefore, appropriate antimicrobial therapy against organisms cultured from PF should be given.
Catheter‐associated aspergillosis of the chest wall following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Kerl K. , Koch B. , Fegeler W. , Rossig C. , Ehlert K. , Groll A.H. 
Published: August 2010

K. Kerl, B. Koch, W. Fegeler, C. Rossig, K. Ehlert, A.H. Groll. Catheter‐associated aspergillosis of the chest wall following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Transpl Infect Dis 2011: 13: 182–185. All rights reservedAbstract: Invasive aspergillosis (IA) at the insertion site of central venous catheters is a rare event. Here we report the occurrence of chest wall aspergillosis at the insertion site of a Broviac catheter in a 5‐year‐old child undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The infection arose during profound granulocytopenia under conditions of reverse isolation with laminar air flow and high efficiency particulate air filtration and was successfully managed with repeat surgical debridement, voriconazole/caspofungin combination therapy guided by therapeutic drug monitoring, and adjunctive use of granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor. The case reflects the occurrence of IA despite reverse isolation and air decontamination, the principles of treatment of Aspergillus soft tissue infections in granulocytopenic patients, and the need for therapeutic drug monitoring of voriconazole particularly in young children.
Alternative parasite development in transmission strategies: how time flies!
Authors: BADETS M. , MORRISON C. , VERNEAU O. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAmong parasitic platyhelminths with complex life cycles, it has been well documented that transmission opportunities are the main forces shaping the diversity of life‐history traits and parasite developmental strategies. While deviations in the development pathway usually involve shortening of life cycles, their extension may also occur following perception of remaining time by parasites. Polystoma gallieni, the monogenean parasite of Hyla meridionalis, is able to trigger two alternative developmental strategies depending on the physiological stage of the tadpoles upon which larvae attach. The distribution and reproductive outputs of both resulting phenotypes were surveyed to address questions about the dynamics of transmission in natural environments. Because modifications in the completion of life cycles can have drawbacks which may perturb the dynamic equilibrium of the resulting host–parasite systems, experimental infestations were also performed to assess parasite–parasite interactions. Our results suggest that the bladder adult phenotype, which involves transmission between frogs and tadpoles, is supplied secondarily by the branchial phenotype which involves transmission between tadpoles and metamorphs. They also support the occurrence of finely tuned trade‐offs between hosts and parasites and highlight positive trends behind the extension of direct life cycles, in which host‐derived signals account for the remaining time to achieve parasitic transmission.
Blood donors in Kenya: a comparison of voluntary and family replacement donors based on a population‐based survey
Authors: Kimani D. , Mwangi J. , Mwangi M. , Bunnell R. , Kellogg T. A. , Oluoch T. , Gichangi A. , Kaiser R. , Mugo N. , Odongo T. , Oduor M. , Marum L. ,   for the KAIS Study Group
Published: August 2010

Background and Objectives  Blood safety and sufficiency are major challenges in Kenya and other sub‐Saharan African countries forcing many countries to rely on family replacement donors (FRD). We analysed data from a national AIDS indicator survey to describe blood donors in Kenya and potential risks of transfusion transmissible infections (TTI) comparing voluntary donors and FRD.Materials and Methods  A population‐based, cross‐sectional survey was conducted in 2007 among 15‐ to 64‐ year‐olds. Consenting participants were interviewed about blood donation history and were tested for HIV, HSV‐2 and syphilis.Results  Of the 17 940 people surveyed, 445 (2·3%) reported donating blood in the prior 12 months. Sixty‐four per cent were voluntary donors, and the rest were FRD. Compared to FRD, the majority of voluntary donors were < 25 years old (59% versus 18%), from the highest wealth quintile (57% versus 42%) and single (64% versus 23%). In addition, voluntary donors were less likely to have been sexually active than replacement donors (43% versus 13%). HIV prevalence was lower among voluntary donors than among FRD (2·6% versus 7·4%, P‐value = 0·07).Conclusions  The majority of blood donors in Kenya are voluntary with lower potential risk of TTI.
Revalidation and update of the TASH‐Score: a scoring system to predict the probability for massive transfusion as a surrogate for life‐threatening haemorrhage after severe injury
Authors: Maegele M. , Lefering R. , Wafaisade A. , Theodorou P. , Wutzler S. , Fischer P. , Bouillon B. , Paffrath T. ,   the Trauma Registry of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Unfallchirurgie (TR‐DGU)
Published: August 2010

Background  The Trauma Associated Severe Haemorrhage (TASH)‐Score has been recognized as an easy‐to‐calculate scoring system to predict the probability for massive transfusion (MT) as a surrogate for life‐threatening haemorrhage after injury. Changes with respect to management and outcome of these patients over time prompted a revalidation and an update of the TASH‐Score.Methods  The performance of the TASH‐Score developed from the 1993–2003 TR‐DGU database (Trauma Registry Deutsche Gesellschaft für Unfallchirurgie/German Trauma Society) was revalidated on 5834 datasets from the 2004–2007 TR‐DGU database with respect to discrimination, precision and calibration. The performance of the TASH‐Score applied onto the 2004–2007 TR‐DGU database was compared to its initial performance, and the logistic function to calculate the probability for MT was modified for score adjustment.Results/Conclusions  When the original TASH‐Score was applied onto the 2004–2007 TR‐DGU database, a slight increase in discrimination was observed while precision was considerably lower. The predicted rate for MT within the development dataset was 13·9% while the observed incidence was 14·1%. In contrast, the predicted rate for MT within the revalidation dataset was 11·7%, while the observed rate was 8·4%. The logistic function to calculate MT probability was modified, and the TASH‐Score was again evaluated against the most recent TR‐DGU 2004–2007 database. The high performance of the score was not only restored but enhanced reflected by an increased ROC/AUC of 0·905. The score can be calculated quickly upon arrival of the patient in the emergency department and may be supportive to correct coagulopathy, to activate logistics and for research.
In vitro assessment of apheresis and pooled buffy coat platelet components suspended in plasma and SSP+ photochemically treated with amotosalen and UVA for pathogen inactivation (INTERCEPT Blood System™)
Authors: Chavarin P. , Cognasse F. , Argaud C. , Vidal M. , De Putter C. , Boussoulade F. , Ripaud C. , Acquart S. , Lin L. , Garraud O. 
Published: August 2010

Background and Objectives  INTERCEPT Blood System™ is a pathogen inactivation system for blood components. The initial approval required a platelet component to be suspended in a combination of plasma and Platelet additive Solution/PAS‐III. Improved platelet storage has been reported with Mg++ and K+ supplementation (PAS‐IIIM). This study validated the use of INTERCEPT™/PAS‐IIIM for apheresis and pooled buffy‐coat platelet components.Materials and Methods  The platelet dose and pH throughout 5 days of storage met the European and French requirements for quality standards.Results and Conclusion  Additional metabolic and activation assessments of the treated platelets confirmed the previously reported superiority of PAS‐IIIM over PAS‐III, but extended it to the INTERCEPT™ process.
Growth, yield and tuber quality ofSolanum tuberosumL. under supplemental ultraviolet‐B radiation at different NPK levels
Authors: Singh S. , Kumari R. , Agrawal M. , Agrawal S. B. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIn many areas, decreases in the stratospheric ozone layer have resulted in an increase in ultraviolet‐B (UV‐B, 280–315 nm) radiation reaching the Earth’s surface. The present study was conducted to evaluate the interactive effects of supplemental UV‐B (sUV‐B) and mineral nutrients on a tuber crop, potato (Solanum tuberosumL. var Kufri Badshah), under natural field conditions in a dry tropical environment. The nutrient treatments were the recommended dose of NPK (Fo), 1.5 times the recommended dose of NPK (F1), 1.5 times the recommended dose of N (F2) and 1.5 times the recommended dose of K (F3). The response of potato plants to sUV‐B varied with nutrient treatment and concentration. sUV‐B adversely affected growth, yield and quality of tubers, causing an increase in reducing sugars in the tubers and thus reducing the economic value. Growth and fresh weight of tubers was maximal with sUV‐B at 1.5 times recommended NPK, but the dry weight of tubers were highest with the recommended NPK dose. Reducing sugar content was lower in potato plants treated with sUV‐B and the recommended NPK than with sUV‐B and 1.5 times the recommended NPK. This study thus clearly shows that growing potato with 1.5 times the recommended NPK or 1.5 times the recommended dose of N/K does not alleviate the sUV‐B induced changes in yield and quality of tubers compared to the recommended NPK dose.
Experimental studies on pollen‐mediated gene flow in Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench using male‐sterile bait plants
Authors: Rabbi I. Y. , Parzies H. K. , Kiambi D. , Haussmann B. I. G. , Folkertsma R. , Geiger H. H. 
Published: August 2010

With 4 figures and 1 table AbstractInformation on the potential of pollen mediated gene flow (PMGF) in sorghum is required for ensuring varietal purity and to mitigate risk transgenic gene flow. Replicated trials were conducted in Kenya using a local landrace, ‘Ochuti’ as pollen donor surrounded by male‐sterile pollen baits. Frequency of PMGF decreased with the increase of distance from pollen sources and was significantly influenced by wind direction and speed. Anther dehiscence correlated with increase in vapour pressure deficit in the morning. A negative exponential regression model with logarithmic transformation of PMGF and square‐root transformation of distance from source field best fitted the data. Up to 50% of female florets on a male sterile (MS) plant were pollinated at 1 m from pollen source and declined to 14% at 10 m. The maximum distance of PMGF using the PMGF model, based on a threshold of one seed per MS plant, was 203 m when data above the 95th percentile is considered. However, in the presence of self‐produced pollen of male‐fertile target plants, the possibility of long‐distance cross‐pollination may be very low.
Matrix metalloproteinase‐2 regulates the expression of tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase‐2
Authors: Kimura Kaoru , Cheng Xian Wu , Nakamura Kae , Inoue Aiko , Hu Lina , Song Haizhen , Okumura Kenji , Iguchi Akihisa , Murohara Toyoaki , Kuzuya Masafumi 
Published: August 2010

Summary1. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) are associated with the vascular remodelling seen in atherosclerosis and aneurysm. The activation and activity of MMP‐2 are regulated by the intrinsic tissue inhibitor of MMP‐2 (TIMP‐2). The aim of the present study was to examine whether, conversely, MMP‐2 can affect the gene and protein expression of TIMP‐2.2. In the present study, we examined the mRNA and protein expression of MMP‐2 and TIMP‐2 in cultured smooth muscle cells (SMC) from the aortas of MMP‐2+/+ and MMP‐2−/− mice. We also examined the roles of MMP‐2 in SMC cellular events.3. Western blotting showed that less TIMP‐2 protein was present in the conditioned medium of MMP‐2−/− SMC than in that of MMP‐2+/+ SMC. Real‐time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that MMP‐2 deficiency reduced TIMP‐2 mRNA expression in SMC. Recombinant MMP‐2 enhanced the expression of TIMP‐2 protein in cultured SMC from MMP‐2−/− mice. Furthermore, a siRNA targeting MMP‐2 impaired the gene and protein expression of MMP‐2 in cultured SMC from MMP‐2+/+ mice. MMP‐2 deficiency impaired SMC invasion, but not their proliferation, adhesion or migration.4. Our findings suggest that MMP‐2 is likely to be responsible, at least in part, for regulating TIMP‐2 expression and is thus a potential target, in addition to TIMP‐2, for therapeutics aimed at preventing cardiovascular remodelling in response to injury.