bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antibiotic Cocktail Effects on Intestinal Microbial Community, Barrier Function, and Immune Function in Early Broiler Chickens
Authors: Abbas Waseem , Bi Ruichen , Hussain Muhammad Dilshad , Tajdar Alia , Guo Fangshen , Guo Yuming , Wang Zhong 
Published: April 2024

This study investigated the effects of an antibiotic cocktail on intestinal microbial composition, mechanical barrier structure, and immune functions in early broilers. One-day-old healthy male broiler chicks were treated with a broad-spectrum antibiotic cocktail (ABX; neomycin, ampicillin, metronidazole, vancomycin, and kanamycin, 0.5 g/L each) or not in drinking water for 7 and 14 days, respectively. Sequencing of 16S rRNA revealed that ABX treatment significantly reduced relative Firmicutes, unclassified Lachnospiraceae, unclassified Oscillospiraceae, Ruminococcus torques, and unclassified Ruminococcaceae abundance in the cecum and relative Firmicutes, Lactobacillus and Baccillus abundance in the ileum, but significantly increased richness (Chao and ACE indices) and relative Enterococcus abundance in the ileum and cecum along with relatively enriched Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, and Enterococcus levels in the ileum following ABX treatment for 14 days. ABX treatment for 14 days also significantly decreased intestinal weight and length, along with villus height (VH) and crypt depth (CD) of the small intestine, and remarkably increased serum LPS, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IgG levels, as well as intestinal mucosa DAO and MPO activity. Moreover, prolonged use of ABX significantly downregulated occludin, ZO-1, and mucin 2 gene expression, along with goblet cell numbers in the ileum. Additionally, chickens given ABX for 14 days had lower acetic acid, butyric acid, and isobutyric acid content in the cecum than the chickens treated with ABX for 7 days and untreated chickens. Spearman correlation analysis found that those decreased potential beneficial bacteria were positively correlated with gut health-related indices, while those increased potential pathogenic strains were positively correlated with gut inflammation and gut injury-related parameters. Taken together, prolonged ABX application increased antibiotic-resistant species abundance, induced gut microbiota dysbiosis, delayed intestinal morphological development, disrupted intestinal barrier function, and perturbed immune response in early chickens. This study provides a reliable lower-bacteria chicken model for further investigation of the function of certain beneficial bacteria in the gut by fecal microbiota transplantation into germ-free or antibiotic-treated chickens.
Selected Useful Properties of Polylactide Films Containing Nisaplin and Natamax
Authors: Richert Agnieszka , Dembińska Katarzyna , Hejda Natalia , Brzęcka Paulina , Lewandowska Magdalena , Swiontek Brzezinska Maria 
Published: April 2024

In this article, we present polymer materials consisting of polylactide (PLA) and nisaplin (N), as well as PLA and natamax (X). These materials were obtained using the solvent method and tested by various test methods, i.e., functional properties—water vapor permeability, light transmission, gloss, and bactericidal activity against strains E. coli (ATCC 8739P), S. aureus (ATCC 65388), and P. aeruginosa (ATCC 8739). Furthermore, analyses were conducted to evaluate their efficacy against pathogenic fungi, including A. niger, A. flavus, A. glaucus, and A. versicolor. Mutagenicity analyses were performed using the standard Ames Test with Salmonella typhimurium. The main test methods used were ISO 22196, ISO 846. The results obtained confirm the potential suitability of the films of PLA with nisaplin and natamax for applications in the food packaging industry.
Application of an Expert System with the Breadth First Search (BFS) Method in Diagnosing Areca Plant Diseases
Authors: Pane Ferry Juliandri , Rianti Eva , Marfalino Hari 
Published: April 2024

Current technological developments are growing very quickly and have produced a lot of software or systems that can make things easier for humans. Continuous scientific progress drives extensive technological development. One form of information technology known is an information system. One popular type of information system is an expert system, which can be used to improve various services. An expert system is a program that combines human knowledge into a computer to help solve problems that are usually solved by experts. This research aims to identify gaps in research that has been conducted, as well as encourage the development of new ideas and increase capabilities in utilizing existing research resources. Areca nut is a high agricultural resource so it has many benefits in the pharmaceutical industry. . The method that will be used in this research is Breadth First Search (BFS). The algorithm carries out the search process on all nodes that are at the same level or hierarchy one by one. An algorithm that performs a wide search that visits nodes in preorder, that is, visits a node first. There are 16 data on areca plant diseases here and have 33 symptoms which will be processed using the Breadth First Search Method. By diagnosing areca plant diseases using an expert system, it is hoped that we can find more in-depth information about diseases in areca palm trees.
MIDWIFERY CARE FOR NORMAL PREGNANT WOMEN NY. Z 29 YEARS OLD G2P1A0 18+4 WEEKS PREGNANT WITH THE FOCUS ON THE INTERVENTION OF DECION THERAPY GREEN BETEL LEAVES TO REDUCE WHITENING AT PUSKESMAS GODONG I
Authors: Rohmawati Nindi Indah , Kodiyah Nurul , Sahara Rizki 
Published: April 2024

Background: According to the Indonesian Health Profile (2016), in Indonesia one of the common problems in pregnant women is vaginal discharge up to 16%, vaginal discharge caused by candida bacteria 53%, trichomonas 3.1%, and bacteria 40.1%. Based on searching data obtained from the Grobogan District Health Office (2022 - 2023) there were 20653 pregnant women, in January - March 2023 there were 9849, and pregnant women who experienced vaginal discharge in the working area of the Godong 1 Health Center in the second trimester of pregnancy totaled 178 pregnant women.Methodology:descriptive research using a case study approach and a research mindset using Varney's 7 stepsResults:After midwifery care was carried out for 7 days in the form of intervention by administering green betel leaf decoction therapy, it was found that the vaginal discharge that the mother experienced had reduced.Conclusion: The vaginal discharge problem experienced by respondents has been resolved, and it can be concluded that green betel leaf decoction therapy is very effective in reducing vaginal discharge. Keywords: pregnancy, vaginal discharge, green betel leaf
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT STRES DENGAN KADAR GULA DARAH PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELLITUS DI DESA DEPOK KECAMATAN TOROH
Authors: Sutrisno Sutrisno , Alfiani Oktha 
Published: April 2024

Latar Belakang: Diabetes melitus adalah gangguan metabolisme yang berlangsung lama yang menyebabkan peningkatan glukosa darah. Hal ini terjadi karena ketidakseimbangan antara pasokan dan kebutuhan, yang memungkinkan glukosa masuk ke dalam sel untuk metabolisme dan pertumbuhan. Menurut Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia (WHO), 572 juta orang di seluruh dunia yang menderita diabetes pada tahun 2021 , dengan 19,5 juta di Indonesia. Puskesmas Toroh melaporkan pada Januari 2020 bahwa 1.064 orang, atau 96,90% dari populasi, menderita diabetes, dengan 69 kasus di Desa Depok Kecamatan Toroh. Tujuan : untuk mengetahui apakah ada hubungan antara tingkat stres dan kadar gula darah pasien diabetes melitus di Desa Depok, Kecamatan Toroh. Metodologi; desain case control retrospektif. Dalam penelitian ini, sampel dari 50 orang yang didiagnosis dengan DM diambil dengan teknik sampel purposive sampling dan uji chi square. Hasil; Hasil penelitian di Desa Depok menunjukkan hubungan antara tingkat stres dan kadar gula darah pada penderita diabetes melitus, dengan nilai p-value sebesar 0,034 < ? (0,05). Nilai odds-ratio sebesar 0,185 menunjukkan bahwa responden dengan tingkat stres 0,185 kali memiliki kadar gula darah yang tidak normal. Kesimpulan; Kesimpulan ada ada hubungan tingkat stress dengan kadar gula darah pada penderita diabetes melitus di desa DepokKata Kunci; Kadar Gula Darah, Stress, Diabetes Melitus.Daftar Pustaka; 16 (2015-2021)
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENDIDIKAN, LAMA MENDERITA SAKIT DENGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN 5 PILAR PENATALAKSANAAN DIABETES MELLITUS DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS SUNGAI DURIAN KABUPATEN KBU RAYA KALIMANTAN BARAT
Authors: Hartono Hartono , Ediyono Suryo 
Published: April 2024

Latar Belakang: Diabetes melitus (DM) adalah penyakit yang memengaruhi jutaan orang di seluruh dunia, dengan komplikasi akut dan kronis yang serius. Manajemen DM dikenal melalui lima pilar penatalaksanaan yang meliputi pendidikan, perencanaan makanan, aktivitas fisik, minum obat teratur, dan pemeriksaan gula darah secara teratur. Namun, tingkat pengetahuan tentang lima pilar ini di antara penderita DM bisa bervariasi, dari data wawancara pada 10 orang penderit DM 9 diantara masih belum mampu menerapkan 5 pilar penatalaksanaan DM dengan baik dengan alasan belum paham, atau tidak mengerti. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat pendidikan, lama menderita sakit, dan pengetahuan tentang lima pilar penatalaksanaan DM pada populasi penderita DM di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sungai Durian.Tujuan: untuk mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat pendidikan, lama menderita sakit, dengan pengetahuan tentang lima pilar penatalaksanaan diabetes melitus pada populasi penderita diabetes di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sungai Durian.Metode : Desain penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitik dengan dengan menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah penderita DM tipe 2 yang berobat di wilayah kerja puskesmas Sungai Durian yang berjumlah 112 responden , dengan menggunakan uji chi square.Hasil : tingkat pendidikan responden sebagian besar pada kategori pendidikan menengah SMA dan SMP masing sebesar 32,14 % sedangkan responden yang berpendidikan perguruan tinggi sebanyak 6,25%. Lama menderita sakit mayoritas responden adalah < 4 tahun. Untuk Tingkat pengetahuan responden tentang 5 pilar penatalaksaan DM sebagian besar termasuk kategori cukup yaitu 59,8%. Dari hasil uji chi square diketahui tidak terdapat hubungan yang significant antara tingkat pendidikan dengan tingkat pengetahuan dengan p Value 0.055 sedangkan lama menderita DM memiliki hubungan yang significan dengan tingkat pengetahuan tentang 5 pilar penatalaksanaan DM dengan nilai P value 0.008Kesimpulan: Tingkat pendidikan tidak memiliki hubungan dengan tingkat pengetahuan tentang 5 pilar penetalaksanaan DM, karena cara seseorang memperoleh pengetahuan di pengaruhi oleh beberpa faktor antar lain: motivasi, kecendrungan belajar dan faktor lingkungan sosial. Lama menderita sakit memiliki hubungan yang significant dengan tingkat pengetahuan karena mereka telah menghabiskan lebih banyak waktu dan pengalaman untuk mempelajari dan mengelola kondisi mereka. Selain itu, pasien yang menderita DM untuk jangka waktu yang lebih lama juga mungkin telah mengalami lebih banyak interaksi dengan tenaga medis, termasuk mendapatkan pelatihan dan instruksi yang diperlukan untuk menangani kondisi merekaKata Kunci: hubungan, tingkat pendidikan, lama menderita sakit, tingkat pengetahuan, 5 pillar penatalksanaan DM
SOSIALISASI PEMISAHAN KEUANGAN USAHA DAN KEUANGAN RUMAH TANGGA BAGI PELAKU UMKM DI DESA SANANKERTO KABUPATEN MALANG
Authors: Dwiastanti Anis , Wahyudi Andik , Waluyo Sugeng , Waluyo Setiya Adi , Wulandari Karina Cinthya 
Published: April 2024

Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat merupakan salah satu bentuk kegiatan tridarma yang harus dilakukan untuk mengembangkan kemampuan diri dan bersentuhan dengan kebutuhan layanan masyarakat yang berkelanjutan. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah memberikan sosailisasi tentang pentingnya pemisahan keuangan usaha dan keuangan rumah tangga bagi pelaku UMKM di desa Sanankerto Kabupaten Malang. Kegiatan PKM kali ini difokuskan kepada pemilik atau pelaku usaha kecil dan menengah di Desa Sanankerto Kabupaten Malang yang turut berpartisipasi dalam mengembangkan perekonomian di desa Sanankerto untuk meningkatkan taraf hidup masyarakat. Keberadaan UMKM ini telah memberikan sumbangsih dalam meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat karena adanya pengembangan wilayah pariwisata yang memiliki konsep ekowisata. Dengan mengusung slogan Dari dan Untuk masyarakat Sanankerto, pariwisata Boonpring sebagai ikon pariwisata Kabupaten Malang, mampu mengantarkan desa ini bersaing dengan desa-desa pariwisata lain di Tingkat Nasional. Dari kegiatan PKM ini peserta pelatihan mendapatkan manfaat atas sosialisasi pemisahan keuangan usaha dengan keuangan rumah tangga yang disampaikan pemateri. Karena kegiatan semacam ini baru pertama kali dilakukan di Desa Sanankerto Kabupaten Malang, sehingga penyerapan materi belum memberikan hasil sesuai harapan. Pada masa-masa mendatang perlu dilakukan pengulangan kegiatan dengan menambahkan materi yang berhubungan dengan materi PKM kali ini.
PENDAMPINGAN PENGOLAHAN DAN PENINGKATAN POTENSI TEPUNG MOCAF SEBAGAI UPAYA DIVERSIFIKASI PANGAN DI DESA JAMBUWER
Authors: Wibowo Andi , Fudla Maziyyatul , Laili Ridha Nazilatul , Nirmalasari Ratna Yesi 
Published: April 2024

Upaya diversifikasi pangan tergadap potensi lokal yang dimiliki di desa merupakan hal yang ingin dicapai sebagai upaya ketahanan pangan. Melalui kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat dengan tujuan meningkatkan potensi lokal yang ada serta peningkatan penjualan dan profit. Potensi dari diversifikasi pangan pada lingkungan desa jambuwer sebagai lokasi daru pengabdian juga didukung oleh potensi perkebunan ubi kayunya. Hal tersebut tidak hanya dapat mendorong diversifikasinya, tetapi juga dapat meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat lokal. Dari kegiatan yang dilakukan dapat teramati bahwa masyarakat lokal sebetulnya sudah bisa dalam mengelola ubi kayu menjadi tepung mocaf hanya saja pelebaran sayap bisnis perlu dilakukan guna untuk memaksimalkan segala potensi yang ada terutama tepung mocaf ini agar dapat menjangkau pasar di daerah perkotaan. Kedepannya masayarakat dapat belajar dan terus berinovasi dalam mengembangkan produk-produk olahan dari tepung mocaf. Hal ini dapat meningkatkan nilai jual objek dibandingkan hanya dengan menjual dalam bentuk singkong atau dalam bentuk tepung mocaf.
Impact of Fine Sediment on Benthic Macroinvertebrates Communities of Freshwater Ecosystem: A Review
Authors: Mulat Kebebush , Mekoya Antensay 
Published: April 2024

The freshwater environment in Ethiopia is exposed to severe human influence because of fast population growth and other factors. Anthropogenic activities in developing countries such as river regulation and pollution have a potentially negative cumulative impact on water quantity and quality of the rivers and wetlands, hence negatively impacting benthic invertebrates and fishes. This review aims to identify the impacts of fine sediment on the community of benthic macroinvertebrates, and freshwater food webs, and to assess the response of benthic invertebrates to fine sediment pollution. Literature review was used as a methodology. Fine segment load on the freshwater ecosystem from both point and nonpoint sources may directly/indirectly alter the macroinvertebrate communities. Organic and inorganic contaminants as well as other sediment variables (sediment grain size, total organic carbon, nutrients, etc.) were affecting the community composition of benthic invertebrates. However, habitat features like the number of supplements or the silt grain measure clarify the variation in macroinvertebrate indices and metrics. The impact of metals and, to a lesser extent, organic contaminants may also be significant. Benthic macroinvertebrates are commonly used indicators of river ecological conditions that can be adversely affected by fine sediment loads. Sedimentation can change the suitability of the substrate for some taxa, increase macroinvertebrate drift, and affect respiration and feeding. To conclude, excessive fine sediment severely alters the structure and function of macroinvertebrates. At the regional and national levels, different governmental and non-governmental organizations, research institutions, and policy makers are recommended to take responsibility for reducing sediment discharge to the freshwater ecosystem by applying different conservation measures of benthic macroinvertebrates.
Development of a Framework to Improve the Provision of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene in Healthcare Facilities of Mwandi District in Western Province
Authors: Washanga Misheck , Kaliba Chilala 
Published: April 2024

Healthcare facilities (HCFs) require safe water, sanitation, hygiene, environmental cleaning, and waste management (WASH) in the provision of quality services to promote, restore, maintain, and improve health. However, the unavailability of studies on the challenges and opportunities of WASH services in HCFs of Mwandi District has limited the potential for improved health care and quality of life. Without proper elucidation, this has the potency to dissuade women from using HCFs for childbirth and healthcare, potentially increasing maternal mortality rates. To examine the challenges and opportunities in accessing safe WASH services in HCFs in Mwandi District, more of Qualitative techniques were utilized to gather data from 8 HCFs in Mwandi District. This involved initial observations employing the WASH Status Checklist, followed by focus group discussions with expectant mothers and 23 key informant interviews. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. The results showed that only half of the investigated facilities provided basic water services, hampered by water salinity issues. Even though most facilities had improved sanitation facilities, they, however, do not meet the basic sanitation standards. This was primarily due to issues such as corroded pipes, insufficient accessible toilets for people with disabilities, and the absence of menstrual hygiene facilities. Many facilities lacked gender-segregated staff facilities. Most of the facilities had functional hand hygiene facilities but also did not meet the basic standards due to a lack of soap for hand washing. A significant number encounter inefficiencies in cleaning protocols, and the majority face poor infrastructure conditions. The findings further revealed that these challenges stem from inadequate prioritization and funding for Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) initiatives. The existing knowledge often concentrates on individual components, the findings stress the necessity for an integrated approach that collectively addresses water supply, sanitation, hygiene, and waste management. This holistic perspective can significantly contribute to the development of more effective guidelines and policies, offering a nuanced understanding of the interconnected nature of WASH components. Furthermore, the research sheds light on the pivotal role of localized political will, specifically highlighting the influence of Health Centre Advisory Committees (HAHC) in shaping governance at the community level, especially concerning WASH projects. The study offers a comprehensive overview of challenges and sustainability opportunities related to WASH services, crucial for their effective functioning. It emphasizes the necessity for heightened awareness and increased budget allocation for the sustainable maintenance of WASH services
Pregnancy and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: impact of gestation in a tertiary care center.
Authors: Fernández García F , Toro Ortíz JP , Pinazo Bandera JM , Asady Ben GR 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction and objectives: Pregnancy is a relevant milestone in the clinical course of a patient with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). The objective was to evaluate the impact of adherence to the therapeutic plan in the course of pregnancy and to analyze variables related to disease activity, treatments received and pregnancy outcome.

Material and methods: single-center retrospective observational study in pregnant patients with IBD. Demographic variables related to the disease, treatment received and pregnancy outcomes were collected. Adherent group was defined as the group that agreed to the therapeutic plan. A non-adherent group was defined as those patients who did not agree to the therapeutic plan or who abandoned it during pregnancy.

Results: 32 patients were included, 56.3% diagnosed with Crohn's disease (CD) and 43.7% with Ulcerative Colitis (UC). Of those diagnosed with CD, 13 were in remission and 5 had moderate activity, compared to 11 in remission and 3 with mild activity in UC. Eleven (34.4%) patients abandoned treatment without consensus, and 12 (37.5%) patients had flares during pregnancy. Significant differences were found with respect to the number of flares and fetal birth weight. Differences were also found when comparing inflammatory activity at the beginning of pregnancy and the evolution of pregnancy.

Conclusion:The study data reinforce the importance of preconception counseling, activity control and adherence to the therapeutic plan, motivating us to improve the care and follow-up of our patients of gestational age.
Colonoscopy preparations: electrolyte imbalances and precautions in the fragile patients
Authors: Arenas MD , Pérez-Arellano E 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Bowel preparation intake for colonoscopy can cause electrolyte imbalances. Although it is a rare complication, occurs as a consequence of the loss of electrolytes and water into the intestinal lumen, and because some electrolytes from the preparations can be absorbed. The possible imbalances cover all the alterations range of the internal environment (hypo and hypernatremia, hypo and hyperkalemia, metabolic acidosis, hypocalcaemia, and hyperphosphataemia or hypermagnesaemia). Electrolyte disturbances and their severity depend on electrolyte content of the preparation solution, the fluid replenishment conducted, and patient characteristics.

Electrolyte imbalances are generally transient, and these should not cause complications if adequate fluid replenishment with or without electrolytes during bowel preparation is conducted and maintained over time once the colonoscopy is performed. We reviewed the most frequent electrolyte imbalances that occur with the most used bowel cleansing preparations and precautions to be taken into consideration in fragile patients.
Intestinal ultrasound: Is it time to join our IBD units? How do we do it?
Authors: Castro Aguilar-Tablada T , Piñero García A 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The objective in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease is to achieve early control of the disease with the intention of obtaining mucosal and even transmural healing.

To do this, it is necessary to have monitoring techniques that allow us to closely monitor the evolution of the disease.

Intestinal ultrasound is a good alternative to more invasive imaging techniques, with similar precision.

It is quickly and easily available, provides real-time response and allows early clinical decision-making, being able to modify the therapeutic and monitoring strategy of patients.

The incorporation of ultrasound in IBD units allows us to save time and resources for the benefit of the patient themselves.