bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Free radical scavenging abilities of flavonyl‐thiazolidine‐2,4‐dione compounds
Authors: Bozdağ‐Dündar Oya , Ertan Rahmiye , Aboul‐Enein Hassan Y. , Kładna Aleksandra , Kruk Irena 
Published: November 2009

AbstractFree radical scavenging activity of flavonyl‐thiazolidine‐2,4‐dione compounds has been evaluated using chemiluminescence, electron spin resonance spectroscopy with 5,5‐dimethyl‐1‐pyrroline‐1‐oxide as spin trap and DPPH (2,2′‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl) method. The examined compounds exhibited 28–50% scavenging superoxide anion radical (${\rm{O}}_2^{\bar\bullet}$), 16.7–76.7% hydroxyl radical (HO•) and 9–40% DPPH radical. Compounds containing carbonyl group in their structure can be considered as antioxidants with high relevance and great biological importance. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development of a novel fluorometric assay for nitric oxide utilizing sesamol and its application to analysis of nitric oxide‐releasing drugs
Authors: Abe Seiji , Nakabayashi Shigeo , Murayama Jun‐Ichiro , Sano Yoshihiro , Ohno Ken‐Ichi , Maeda Masako , Arakawa Hidetoshi 
Published: November 2009

AbstractNitric oxide (NO) is related to various physiological effects as well as to numerous diseases caused by accentuation of NO production. Measurement of NO in cells and tissues is difficult as NO readily reacts with other molecules; furthermore, its half‐life as a radical is fleeting. Currently, many NO pharmaceuticals are marketed as therapeutic agents for ischemic disease. Consequently, the identification of NO radicals and determination of generation rate from pharmaceuticals is very important when the effect of the medicinal supply is estimated. In this study, we developed a fluorometric assay for NO employing sesamol (3,4‐methylenedioxyphenol) as a fluorometric substrate. Sesamol is converted to a fluorescent derivative (ex. 365 nm, em. 447 nm), which is dimmer in the presence of NO. The detection limit of NO with this method is 400 fmol; moreover, NO generated from drugs can be measured. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Age‐related effects of DHEA on peripheral markers of oxidative stress
Authors: Jacob Maria Helena Vianna Metello , da R. Janner Daiane , Jahn Matheus Parmegiani , Kucharski Luiz Carlos , Belló‐Klein Adriane , Ribeiro Maria Flavia Marques 
Published: November 2009

AbstractAgeing is an inevitable biological process characterized by a general decline in various physiological functions. DHEA and DHEAS levels are maximal between the second and third life decades, then start to decline 2% per year, leaving a residual of 10–20% of the peak production by the eighth decade. Erythrocytes are exposed to frequent oxidative stress due to the oxygen radicals continuously generated by haemoglobin auto‐oxidation. We investigated DHEA chronic (10 mg/kg, subcutaneously, for 5 weeks) effects over oxidative stress markers in erythrocytes of male Wistar rats of 3, 13 and 18 month‐old. In the 13 month‐old group, we found increased lipid peroxidation (LPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione‐S‐transferase and catalase activities when compared to the other age groups. DHEA produced a marked increase in LPO of 13 month‐old group when compared to its control. DHEA exerted this pro‐oxidant effects in all ages studied, especially in age 13 month‐old. It seems that at 13 month‐old there would be an important depletion of some specific anti‐oxidant in order to determine such susceptibility to DHEA effects. Since this approach allows a minimally invasive assessment, it would be useful as a routine method in human clinical studies investigating DHEA effects during the ageing process. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Visualization of the distant dipolar field: A numerical study
Authors: Kirsch Stefan , Bachert Peter 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe magnetization of liquid water in an external field generates an intrinsic magnetic field in the sample called the distant dipolar field (DDF). To visualize the spatial distribution of the DDF a numerical study was performed for the case of liquid–state 1H NMR at 7 T. 2D maps of the frequency offset caused by the DDF in pure water were calculated for homogenously magnetized spherical and cylindrical samples as well as for the case of a spatially modulated magnetization distribution occurring e.g., in CRAZED (Cosy Revamped by Asymmetric Z‐Gradient Echo Detection) experiments. The calculation yielded DDF induced frequency offsets in the range of 0.58 Hz to 10.24 Hz inside the homogeneously magnetized cylinders, while DDF‐induced frequency offsets ≤10−5 Hz were obtained inside the sphere. The calculated frequency offsets were in good agreement with analytical results available for a sphere and an infinitely long cylinder. In the case of a spatially modulated magnetization distribution, DDF‐induced frequency offsets with maximum values of +0.83 Hz were obtained inside the sphere. The presented 2D maps of the DDF‐induced frequency offset have tutorial character and may help to visualize this phenomenon in a direct manner. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson Part A 34A:357–364, 2009.
Quantitative F18‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography accurately characterizes peripheral nerve sheath tumors as malignant or benign
Authors: Benz Matthias R. , Czernin Johannes , Dry Sarah M. , Tap William D. , Allen‐Auerbach Martin S. , Elashoff David , Phelps Michael E. , Weber Wolfgang A. , Eilber Fritz C. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:Correct pretreatment classification is critical for optimizing diagnosis and treatment of patients with peripheral nerve sheath tumors (PNSTs). The aim of this study was to evaluate whether F18‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) can differentiate malignant (MPNST) from benign PNSTs.METHODS:Thirty‐four adult patients presenting with PNST who underwent a presurgical FDG PET/computed tomography (CT) scan between February 2005 and November 2008 were included in the study. Tumors were characterized histologically, by FDG maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax [g/mL]), and by CT size (tumor maximal diameter [cm]). The accuracy of FDG PET for differentiating MPNSTs from benign PNSTs (neurofibroma and schwannoma) was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.RESULTS:SUVmax was measured in 34 patients with 40 tumors (MPNSTs: n = 17; neurofibromas: n = 9; schwannomas: n = 14). SUVmax was significantly higher in MPNST compared with benign PNST (12.0 ± 7.1 vs 3.4 ± 1.8; P < .001). An SUVmax cutoff point of ≥6.1 separated MPNSTs from BPSNTs with a sensitivity of 94% and a specificity of 91% (P < .001). By ROC curve analysis, SUVmax reliably differentiated between benign and malignant PNSTs (area under the ROC curve of 0.97). Interestingly, the difference between MPNSTs and schwannomas was less prominent than that between MPNSTs and neurofibromas.CONCLUSIONS:Quantitative FDG PET imaging distinguished between MPNSTs and neurofibromas with high accuracy. In contrast, MPNSTs and schwannomas were less reliably distinguished. Given the difficulties in clinically evaluating PNST and in distinguishing benign PNST from MPNST, FDG PET imaging should be used for diagnostic intervention planning and for optimizing treatment strategies. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Addressing cancer health disparities using a global biopsychosocial approach
Authors: King Denae , Miranda Patricia , Gor Beverly , Fuchs‐Young Robin , Chilton Janice , Hajek Richard , Torres‐Vigil Isabel , Hernández‐Valero Mariá A. , Snipes S. Amy , Jones Lovell 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe Center for Research on Minority Health has translated the biopsychosocial framework to address global cancer health disparities through the integration of biological (eg, endogenous steroids, genetic susceptibility, and pesticide levels) and behavioral (eg, dietary interventions) determinants, along with community‐based research (eg, comprehensive involvement of community advisory boards) and educational approaches (eg, kindergarten through postgraduate training). Evidence of successful implementation of this framework includes health disparities training for >2000 individuals ranging from elementary to the postgraduate level, and conducting transdisciplinary projects that incorporate traditional and nontraditional health professionals to examine associations between biological and nonbiological determinants of health. Examples and recommendations for implementation of the biopsychosocial approach as it applies to cancer health disparities research are described. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Chemotherapy intensity and toxicity among black and white women with advanced and recurrent endometrial cancer
Authors: Farley John H. , Tian Chunqiao , Rose G. Scott , Brown Carol L. , Birrer Michael , Risinger John I. , Thigpen J. Tate , Fleming Gini F. , Gallion Holly H. , Maxwell G. Larry 
Published: November 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:The purpose of this study was to confirm whether black and white women with endometrial cancer are equally tolerant of chemotherapy and identify factors that impact survival.METHODS:A retrospective review of 169 black women and 982 white women with the International Federation of Gynecologists and Obstetricians stage III, stage IV, or recurrent endometrial carcinoma was performed. All patients received doxorubicin combined with cisplatin. Chemotherapy parameters that were reviewed included relative dose, relative time, and relative dose intensity. Treatment cycles ≥7 were defined as treatment completion.RESULTS:Although black patients were more likely to experience grades 3‐4 anemia (20% vs 14%) and genitourinary (5% vs 1%) toxicity, and less likely to experience severe gastrointestinal toxicity (10% vs 17%), the overall incidence of grades 3‐4 treatment‐related chemotoxicity was the same between the 2 groups (82% vs 82%). There were no differences in the number of cycles received, relative dose (0.57 vs 0.58), relative time (0.77 vs 0.78), or relative dose intensity (0.76 vs 0.76) for black and white patients.CONCLUSIONS:Black patients with advanced stage or recurrent endometrial cancer, treated on 4 Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG) protocols, had similar dose intensity and severe chemotherapy‐related toxicity compared with white patients, suggesting that previously described racial disparities in survival among patients in GOG trials may have an novel etiology. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Petrography and geochemistry of the late Eocene–early Oligocene submarine fans and shelf deposits on Lemnos Island, NE Greece. Implications for provenance and tectonic setting
Authors: Maravelis A. , Zelilidis A. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractProvenance and tectonic history of the late Eocene‐early Oligocene submarine fans and shelf deposits on Lemnos Island, NE Greece, were studied using sandstone framework composition, sedimentological data and sandstone and mudstone geochemistry. The resulting tectonic–sedimentological model is based on the late Eocene–early Oligocene Lemnos Island being in a forearc basin with the outer arc ridge as a major sediment source. Modal petrographic analysis of the studied sandstones shows that the source area comprises sedimentary, metamorphic and plutonic igneous rocks deposited in the studied area in a recycled orogenic environment. Moreover, within the above sediments, the minor occurrence of volcanic fragments suggests little or no influence of a volcanic source. Provenance results, based on major, trace and rare earth element (REE) data, suggest an active continental margin/continental island arc signature. All the samples are LREE, enriched relative to HREE, with a flat HREE pattern and positive Eu anomalies, suggesting that the processes of intracrustal differentiation (involving plagioclase fractionation) were not of great importance. Results derived from the multi‐element diagrams also suggest an active margin character, and a mafic/ultramafic source rock composition, while the positive anomaly of Zr that can be attributed to a passive continental margin source, is most likely associated with reworking and sorting during sediment transfer. Palaeocurrents, with a NE–NNE direction, indicate a northeast flow, towards the location of the late Eocene–early Oligocene magmatic belt in the north‐east Aegean region. Conglomerates are composed of chert, gneiss and igneous fragments, such as basalts and gabbros, suggesting this outer arc ridge as a likely source area. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Choosability of toroidal graphs without short cycles
Authors: Cai Leizhen , Wang Weifan , Zhu Xuding 
Published: November 2009

AbstractLet G be a toroidal graph without cycles of a fixed length k, and χl(G) the list chromatic number of G. We establish tight upper bounds of χl(G) for the following values of k:

© 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 65: 1–15, 2010.
On Ramsey‐type positional games
Authors: Nešetřil Jaroslav , Valla Tomáš 
Published: November 2009

AbstractBeck introduced the concept of Ramsey games by studying the game versions of Ramsey and van der Waerden theorems. We contribute to this topic by investigating games corresponding to structural extensions of Ramsey and van der Waerden theorems—the theorem of Brauer, structural and restricted Ramsey theorems. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 64: 330–342, 2010
In situ detection of cocaine hydrochloride in clothing impregnated with the drug using benchtop and portable Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Ali Esam M. A. , Edwards Howell G. M. , Hargreaves Michael D. , Scowen Ian J. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThis study describes the application of benchtop and portable Raman spectroscopy for the in situ detection of cocaine hydrochloride in clothing impregnated with the drug. Raman spectra were obtained from a set of undyed natural and synthetic fibres and dyed textiles impregnated with the drug. The spectra were collected using three Raman spectrometers: one benchtop dispersive spectrometer coupled to a fibre‐optic probe and two portable spectrometers. Despite the presence of some spectral bands arising from the natural and synthetic polymer and dyed textiles, the drug could be identified by its characteristic Raman bands. High‐quality spectra of the drug could be acquired in situ within seconds and without any sample preparation or alteration of the evidential material. A field‐portable Raman spectrometer is a reliable technique that can be used by emergency response teams to rapidly identify unknown samples. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of prebiotics on viability and growth characteristics of probiotics in soymilk
Authors: Yeo Siok‐Koon , Liong Min‐Tze 
Published: November 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: Soy products have attracted much attention lately as carriers for probiotics. This study was aimed at enhancing the growth of probiotics in soymilk via supplementation with prebiotics.RESULTS: Lactobacillus sp. FTDC 2113, Lactobacillus acidophilus FTDC 8033, Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356, Lactobacillus casei ATCC 393, Bifidobacterium FTDC 8943 and Bifidobacterium longum FTDC 8643 were evaluated for their viability and growth characteristics in prebiotic‐supplemented soymilk. In the presence of fructooligosaccharides (FOS), inulin, mannitol, maltodextrin and pectin, all strains showed viability exceeding 7 log10 colony‐forming units mL−1 after 24 h. Their growth was significantly (P < 0.05) increased on supplementation with maltodextrin, pectin, mannitol and FOS. Additionally, supplementation with FOS, mannitol and maltodextrin increased (P < 0.05) the production of lactic acid. Supplementation with FOS and maltodextrin also increased the α‐galactosidase activity of probiotics, leading to enhanced hydrolysis and utilisation of soy oligosaccharides. Finally, prebiotic supplementation enhanced the utilisation of simpler sugars such as fructose and glucose in soymilk.CONCLUSION: Supplementation with prebiotics enhances the potential of soymilk as a carrier for probiotics. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Determination of Sudan IV in hot chilli powder with luminol/dissolved oxygen chemiluminescence system
Authors: Niu Lichuan , Song Zhenghua , Chen Donghua 
Published: November 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: A green, simple and sensitive flow injection chemiluminescence (CL) procedure is proposed for the determination of Sudan dyes. The method is based on the finding that Sudan I, II, III and IV markedly enhance the CL intensity of the luminol/dissolved oxygen reaction.RESULTS: The increment in CL intensity was proportional to the concentration of Sudan I, II, III and IV, giving calibration graphs linear over the ranges 0.007–1, 0.5–30, 1–10 and 0.7–300 ng mL−1 respectively (R2 ≥ 0.9981), with limits of detection of 0.002, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.2 ng mL−1 respectively. At a flow rate of 2 mL min−1, complete determination of Sudan dyes, including sampling and washing, could be accomplished in 40 s, with relative standard deviations of less than 5% (n = 7).CONCLUSION: The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of Sudan IV in contaminated hot chilli powder, with recoveries ranging from 89.3 to 108.4%. The possible mechanism of enhancement of the lumininol/dissolved oxygen CL reaction by Sudan IV can be attributed to the acceleration of electron transfer. Compared with other procedures, the proposed CL method offers the highest sensitivity and the least reagent consumption for the determination of Sudan IV. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in aquatic animal tissue using cleanup by freezing‐dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction combined with GC‐MS
Authors: Liu Xiujuan , Hu Jia , Huang Changjiang , Wang Huili , Wang Xuedong 
Published: November 2009

AbstractA method for the determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in aquatic animal tissue was developed, and it is based on cleanup by freezing‐dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) for the pretreatment of samples with fat content. Aquatic animal tissue homogenate was extracted with acetone, and then frozen in a freezer at −80°C. Fat in aquatic animal tissue was isolated from the analytes, i.e. PBDE congeners dissolved in acetone and fat formed floccules at low temperature. The supernatant was extracted using the DLLME technique. Under the optimum DLLME conditions, 0.75 mL supernatant with 33 μL chlorobenzene was added into 5.0 mL pure water, and subsequently cloudy solution was formed. After centrifuging, 1.0 μL lower phase was subjected to GC‐MS analysis. Recovery test was performed at fortified concentrations of 5.0–2500 μg/kg. The detection results showed that the recoveries for each target analyte ranged from 75.3 to 127.8%. The repeatability of the proposed method by spiking aquatic animal samples at 10 μg/kg for PBDEs, expressed as RSD, n=5, varied between 4.3 and 10.3% (n=5). LOD of the proposed method for aquatic animal tissue samples were between 2.4 and 4.9 μg/kg for all the analytes.
Synthesis of Cationic Polyelectrolytes by Inverse Microemulsion Polymerization
Authors: González Gemma , Ugalde Jesus M. , de la Cal José C. , Asua José M. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe inverse microemulsion copolymerization of acrylamide and [2‐(acryloyloxy)ethyl]‐ trimethylammonium chloride (Adamquat) was investigated using different reactors (batch, semicontinuous, and CSTR). It was found that formation of long branches through extensive intermolecular chain transfer occurred at low temperature (35 °C). Molecular weights and long branching levels were correlated and decreased as batch > semicontinuous > CSTR. These differences affected the performance of the copolymers as flocculants. Results indicated that successful flocculant should contain a good balance between short and long chains.magnified image
Regional development of uterine decidualization: Molecular signaling by Hoxa‐10
Authors: Das Sanjoy K. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractUterine decidualization, a key event in implantation, is critically controlled by stromal cell proliferation and differentiation. Although the molecular mechanism that controls this event is not well understood, the general consensus is that the factors derived locally at the site of implantation influence aspects of decidualization. Hoxa‐10, a developmentally regulated homeobox transcription factor, is highly expressed in decidualizing stromal cells, and targeted deletion of Hoxa‐10 in mice shows severe decidualization defects, primarily due to the reduced stromal cell responsiveness to progesterone (P4). While the increased stromal cell proliferation is considered to be an initiator of decidualization, the establishment of a full‐grown functional decidua appears to depend on the aspects of regional proliferation and differentiation. In this regard, this article provides an overview of potential signaling mechanisms mediated by Hoxa‐10 that can influence a host of genes and cell functions necessary for propagating regional decidual development. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 77: 387–396, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Influence of clay modification on the reinforcement of vinyl‐terminated polydimethylsiloxane networks
Authors: Kim Eung Soo , Shim Jae Hun , Jung Sung Hun , Joo Jung Hiuk , Yoon Jin‐San , Lee Seong Hoon 
Published: November 2009

AbstractA novel method was attempted to reinforce a vinyl‐terminated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) with two commercially available clays, sodium montmorillonite and Cloisite® 25A. The two clays were functionalized with bis(3‐triethoxysilylpropyl)tetrasulfide (TESPT) to prepare Na+MMTS4 and C25AS4, respectively. Incorporation of the tetrasulfide group‐containing clays, especially Na+MMTS4, was found to be effective for the enhancement of the interfacial interaction between PDMS and the clays by way of a plausible chemical reaction between the tetrasulfide groups (TSS) and the vinyl‐terminated PDMS. Compounding of PDMS with the TESPT‐modified clays improved the mechanical properties significantly. In particular, the elongation at break of PDMS/Na+MMTS4 composite was almost twice as high as that of neat PDMS, even if the silicate layers were not fully exfoliated in the PDMS matrix. The tear strength of PDMS was also improved greatly as a result of the incorporation of Na+MMTS4. According to toluene swelling test results, the crosslinking density of the composites was lower than that of neat PDMS, indicating that the improved mechanical properties of the composites arise from enhanced compatibility between the constituents and not from increased crosslinking density. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Enhanced performance of a CuPc: PCBM based solar cell using bathocuproine BCP or nanostructured TiO2 as hole‐blocking layer
Authors: Derouiche Hassen , Miled Hatem Ben , Mohamed Abdelatif Belhadj 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe roles played by a hole‐blocking layer, TiO2 or BCP are investigated for heterojunction photovoltaic devices based on CuPc and the fullerene derivative PCBM. The insertion of TiO2 or BCP thin films in the CuPc:PCBM based solar cells resulted in a higher open circuit voltage (VOC) and a higher fill factor which is due to the increase in the shunt resistance as well as to the improved collection of the electrons at the aluminum (Al) cathode. The energy conversion efficiency of the device having TiO2 hole‐blocking layer is two times greater than that having BCP.