bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Բարակապատ կողավոր սալի հիմքի վրա կախովի պատի կոնստրուկտիվ լուծման առաջարկ
Authors: Ղամբարյան Ստեփան , Խաչատրյան Ավետիս , Ոսկանյան Վիկտորիա 
Published: May 2024

Արդեն մի քանի տարի է Իրանում, Սիրիայում և Թուրքիայում տեղի են ունենում բազմաթիվ, այդ թվում նաև կործանարար երկրաշարժեր: Ամբողջական քաղաքներ են հավասարվում հողին և միլիոնավոր բնակիչներ մնում են անապաստան, իսկ նրանցից տասնյակ հազարները՝ զոհվում: Մեր հանրապետության անմիջական մոտակայքում տեղի ունեցած սարսափելի իրադարձու­թյունները քիչ չափով հետա­քր­քրեցին մեր հետազոտողներին և կառուցապատողներին: Չկազ­մակերպվեցին բանավեճեր, չհրա­վիրվեցին այդ երկրաշարժերը տեղերում ուսումնասիրած մաս­նա­գետներ և, ամենա­կարևորը, չպարզաբանվեցին այդպիսի լայնածավալ դժբախտության պատ­ճառները և չարվեցին անհրա­ժեշտ, մեր հանրապետության սեյսմիկ պաշտպանության համար կարևոր եզրահանգումներ: Այս հոդվածում փորձ է կատարվում ինչ որ չափով լրացնել այս բացը, միևնույն ժամանակ առա­ջար­կելով բազմահարկ երկաթբետոնյա շրջանակով շենքի համար ճկուն կապով կարկասի տարրերին միացած, արտաքին կախովի պատի նոր կոնստրուկտիվ լուծում:
Քաղաքային տրանսպորտի ազդեցությունը Երևան քաղաքի բնապահպանական վիճակի վրա
Authors: Չիբուխչյան Սուրեն , Չիբուխչյան Գրիգոր , Վերմիշյան Մերուժան , Ավագյան Մարինե , Թանգյան Սոնա 
Published: May 2024

Ժամանակակից աշխարհում դեռևս շարունակվում են քաղաքներից շատերի հիմնականում չպլանավորված քաղաքայնացումը, դրանից բխող բազմաթիվ բացասական հետևանքներով. աղտոտված օդ, քաղաքի տնտեսական զարգացման ցուցանիշների նվազեցում, բնակչության առողջապահական լուրջ խնդիրներ, կլիմայական պայմաններին չդիմացող ենթակառուց­վածք­ներ, հիմնական ծառայությունների մատուցման խոչընդոտներ, սոցիալական ներառման ու հնա­րավորությունների բացակայություն և այլն: Երևան քաղաքի օդի աղտոտվածությունը խիստ մտա­հոգիչ է, որն անմիջական ազդեցություն ունի ինչպես բնակչության առողջության, այնպես էլ շրջակա միջավայրի բնապահպանական անվտանգության և սոցիալ-տնտեսական ցուցանիշների վրա: Խնդիրը տարեցտարի ավելի է սրվում՝ հաշվի առնելով բնակարանաշինության աճող ներկա տեմպերը և դրանց ընթացքում բնապահպանական նորմատիվների խախտումները, քաղաքի շրջակա հատվածներում ոչ մետաղական հանքերի բաց շահագործումը: Մայրաքաղաքի բնա­պահ­պանական իրավճակի և անվտանգության վրա իրենց անմիջական ազդեցությունն են թող­նում շահագործվող տասնյակ հազարավոր ավտոտրանսպորտային միջոցները, այդ թվում նաև հասարակական տրանսպորտը, որոնց մի զգալի մասը չի բավարարում բնապահպանական պա­հանջներին, դրանից բխող հետևանքներով: Վերը նշվածը պահանջում է համալիր միջոցառում­ների մշակում և իրականացում, որը հնարավորություն կտա բեռնաթափել մայրաքաղաքը, լավացնել հասարակական տրանսպորտով տրանսպորտային ծառայությունների մատուցման և մայրաքաղաքի օդի որակը:
Bentuk Pola Spasial Permukiman di Kecamatan Salahutu
Authors: Rumalarua Gresye , Titaley Stevianus , Botanri Adnan Affan Akbar 
Published: May 2024

Salahutu District is directly adjacent to Ambon City so that it has experienced rapid development due to the expansion of urban activities and is supported by various potentials such as ports, fisheries, trade and services and other potentials. This attracts residents to settle and can indirectly affect the distribution of settlements by forming certain patterns both clustered, random, and uniform. This study aims to identify spatial patterns of settlement distribution in Salahutu District. This study uses a quantitative approach with Nearest Neighbour Analysis analysis which aims to identify spatial patterns. The results showed that Salahutu District had most settlement distribution patterns grouping as many as 47 zones or 94% and the rest formed random patterns as many as 3 zones or 6%. The characteristics of residential zones with a clustering pattern have relatively close distances between settlements and high building density. While the characteristics of residential zones with random patterns have relatively long distances between settlements and lower building density. The existence of family ties that are still closely established causes settlements to form in groups so that it affects the maintenance of local identity of the community that is still maintained. The importance of the results of this study is to anticipate the development of settlements that are not well planned so that it can cause the addition of slums as bad areas in Salahutu District
Desigualdades na caracterização da sífilis gestacional e congênita em Alagoas
Authors: Silva Evelyn Nikole Araújo , Silva Aíly Nascimento , Freitas Rosa Caroline Mata Verçosa de 
Published: May 2024

Introdução: A sífilis é uma doença infecciosa e sistêmica que tem como agente etiológico a bactéria Treponema pallidum de evolução crônica, curável e prognosticável, sua transmissão ocorre principalmente por via sexual, considera-se um grave problema de saúde pública no Brasil, especialmente em regiões de alta vulnerabilidade social, como o Nordeste. Neste contexto, as desigualdades sociais são fatores determinantes na caracterização desses casos. Objetivo: Analisar as desigualdades sociais em saúde na caracterização dos casos da Sífilis gestacional e congênita no estado de Alagoas. Método: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico, descritivo, retrospectivo de abordagem quantitativa e socioeconômica dos casos de Sífilis gestacional e congênita no estado de Alagoas no período entre 2013 a 2023. Resultados: Foram notificados 4.810 casos de Sífilis congênita e gestacional foram notificados 6.838 no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação. Conclusão: O perfil epidemiológico dos casos de Sífilis de gestacional e congênita no estado de Alagoas entre os anos de 2012 e 2023, são as jovens entre 15 e 29 anos, de cor parda/preta, com ensino fundamental incompleto e heterossexual.
Molecular Detection of Antibiotics Profile of Citrobacter freundii Isolated from Burn Infection
Authors: Khudaier Amaal M. , Al-Khafaji Nawras M. , Al-Rubaeaee Azal A. 
Published: May 2024

Fifty samples were taken for this study from burn victims receiving care at the Al-Hussien medical city between February and October 2021. In order to isolate Citrobacter freundii, two swabs were taken: one for culturing and the other for direct examination.
Only12 (4.1%) of the 50 samples were isolated from burn and wound infections at the molecular level and 12 (4.1%) from culture. The results isolation and laboratory diagnosis as well as biochemical test approved that there is only 12 isolates belong to C.freundii confirmed by molecular detection by specific primers.
Burn and wound is one of the rare causes of infection. Associated with sub sequent urinary tract infection and burn and wound infection.
Three antibiotics were employed at the molecular level , the results showed that 10 samples were resistant to the (Tet b) gene, all samples were 100% sensitive to the PIP gene, and all samples (100% resistant to the erna gene).
TOLERABILITY OF TB TREATMENT IN CHILDREN
Authors:   Central TB Research Institute, Moscow, Russia, Yukhimenko N.V. , Gubkina M.F. ,   Central TB Research Institute, Moscow, Russia, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia, Sterlikova S.S. ,   Central TB Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
Published: May 2024

Objective: to evaluate tolerability of different chemotherapy regimens in children with pulmonary TB and input of second-line drugs to the development of adverse drug reactions (ADR). Materials and methods. The study enrolled 92 children aged 2–12 years (a median of 6 years of age) with newly diagnosed active pulmonary TB, who received treatment in 2019–2022. The initial drug combination was based on drug susceptibility of both infection source and patient (chemotherapy regimens 1/3, 2 and 4/5); the number of TB drugs and chemotherapy duration was determined by severity of TB process. The patients were divided into groups based on the chemotherapy regimen: group 1 included 29 patients only administered first-line drugs (1/3), 16 patients of group 2 received chemotherapy regimen 2, and 47 patients of group 3 received 4/5 chemotherapy regimen. Results. ADR were observed in 61 of 92 children (66,3%); satisfactory tolerability was observed in 31 children (33.7%). ADR occurred most frequently in patients of group 3 (85.1%) compared to group 2 (68.8%) and group 1 (34.5%) (χ2 = 20.624, p < 0.001). ADR, which required withdrawal of the offending drug, were more frequent among children, who received chemotherapy regimen 4/5 or 2 (55.3% and 50.0% respectively) compared to children, who received chemotherapy regimen 1/3 (10.3%) (χ2 = 15,372, p = 0,001). Allergic reactions were reliably more frequent under chemotherapy regimen 4/5 compared to chemotherapy regimen 1/3 (31.9% and 6.9% respectively) (χ2 = 6,464, p < 0,012). Clinical and laboratory manifestations of allergic reactions were identical and did not depend on the chemotherapy regimen. Toxic reactions were reliably more frequent under chemotherapy regimen 4/5 compared to 1/3 (48.9% and 20.8% respectively) (χ2 = 6.064, p = 0.014). The range of toxic reactions increased under administration of second-line drugs and demonstrated more clinical and laboratory manifestations under chemotherapy regimen 4/5. Intractable ADR most frequently occurred under administration of amikacin/capreomycin (41.7%), protionamide (30.0%), levofloxacin/moxifloxacin (17.0%), or cycloserine (11.6%). Conclusion. The frequency of ADR to TB treatment in children depends on the administered drugs. The least incidence of adverse reactions was observed in patients, who received first ling drugs (chemotherapy regimen 1/3). Toxic reactions prevailed over allergic ones. The range of toxic reactions increased in patients, who received second-line drugs.
USE OF SHORTENED CHEMOTHERAPY REGIMENS FOR COMPLEX MDR/XDR-TB TREATMENT IN ADOLESCENTS
Authors:   Central TB Research Institute, Moscow, Russia, Krushinskaya E.A. 
Published: May 2024

We conducted a cohort prospective non-comparative study enrolling 37 pulmonary TB patients with multiple/extensive drug resistance (MDR/XDR) aged 13–17 years in order to improve TB chemotherapy based on shortened regimens. The patients were hospitalized to the Central TB Research Institute in 2017–2021. The indications for shortened chemotherapy regimens were determined based on dynamic observation of TB course (clinical dynamics, sputum conversion, X-ray dynamics) in each patient. Considering the elaborated criteria, shortened chemotherapy regimens were administered in three variants:variant 1 – chemotherapy without surgery, variant 2 – surgery during chemotherapy, variant 3 – MDR/XDR was detected in resection samples. The evaluation of immediate effectiveness of shortened chemotherapy regimens was based on “key points”. For variant 1 the “key points” were: sputum conversion – before 3 months, cavity closure – before 6 months of treatment. For variant 2: sputum conversion – before 3 months, indications for surgery during chemotherapy, lack of exacerbation during 2 months after surgery according to chest CT data. For variant 3 the “key point” was lack of exacerbation during 2 months after surgery according to chest CT data. Eleven out of 27 patients (29.7%) received shortened chemotherapy course as per variant 1, 15 out of 37 patients (40.6%) received treatment as per variant 2, and 11 out of 37 patients (29.7%) received treatment as per variant 3. The ultimate “key point” for treatment effectiveness and safety evaluation for each variant of shortened chemotherapy was lack of relapse according to chest CT data 12 months after treatment completion: 97% of the patients did not develop relapse of pulmonary TB.
Inspecting Bodies, Crafting Subjects
Authors: Fu Jia-Chen 
Published: May 2024

To assess the health of a child, it is imperative to conduct a physical examination. By the late 1930s, this line of reasoning had become commonly accepted by medical professionals and popular writers throughout Republican China. For many Chinese intellectuals, the physical examination provided the means by which objective facts about Chinese body could be obtained. But this alone did not account for Chinese enthusiasm for the physical examination. The very process and procedures of examination elicited strong approval from Chinese educators especially, who saw the physical examination as a tool for inculcating modern subjectivities. In their estimation, the physical examination exemplified concrete action in defiance of traditional proclivities toward abstraction and book learning. This chapter argues that the modern subjectivity Chinese educators sought to instill through the physical examination arose from a cultivated consciousness of one’s corporeal form. It was not enough to have a body; a modern subjectivity nursed a refracted sense of self and other, of the naturalized categories of comparison (height and weight) that both individuated one’s specific bodily form while also denoting one’s integration in a larger social order.
Demolishing Script
Authors: Rojas Carlos 
Published: May 2024

The neologism 拆那‎ (pronounced “chai-na” in Mandarin)—a nickname for China that has recently begun to gain popularity—is a catachresis, a misnomer that brings into sharp relief a set of fissures at the heart of China’s contemporary identity, its history, and even the language(s) with which it is closely associated. Whereas the concept of Sinoglossia takes as its starting point the heterogenous foundation of both China and the Chinese language(s), the term chai-na gestures instead to the violent processes of disjunction, demolition, dispossession, and uncanny return that have played a critical role in constituting China and the Chinese language(s) as we see them today. Composed of the characters拆‎ (chai), a verb meaning “to demolish,” and 那‎ (na), a pronoun meaning “that,” chai-na literally means “demolish that,” and gestures to the rapid process of urbanization that is currently transforming the nation. As a product of a complicated set of translingual transformations, the neologism is symptomatic of the radical dynamism that has always characterized the Chinese script, while simultaneously symbolizing the common belief that it is precisely the relative stability of the Chinese script that has helped anchor the transhistorical cohesion of the Chinese nation.
Boundless Classrooms and Touchless Bodies: Teaching Physical Education Online
Authors: Paderanga Lydie 
Published: May 2024

This qualitative study explored the PE teachers’ experiences in teaching online during the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines. Using the phenomenological approach, it investigated the pedagogical practices, the educational theories that guided the participants, and their reflections and insights on teaching PE online. In order to describe the PE teachers’ pedagogical practices and perspectives regarding online teaching, the following research questions guided the study: (1) What are the daily instructional practices of the participating online PE teachers?; (2) What educational theories guided these participants in teaching online?; and (3) What are the perspectives and reflections of the participants in teaching PE online? Data collection methods for this case study included 1) interviews with online PE teachers, 2) virtual classroom observations and field notes, and 3) text messaging and e-mail communications between the researcher and the participants. Content and thematic analyses were used to interpret the results of the study. Results showed that teachers provided demonstration classes and allowed students to be creative in submitting their outputs. They practiced differentiated instruction, challenged the creativity of students and developed innovative ways of teaching PE online. They implicitly ascribed to Gardner’s multiple intelligence theory and Bandura’s Social Learning Theory. The results of this study supported the premise that online college PE can be taught online and is workable this time of pandemic.
Prototyping with purpose: Increasing participatory design with malleable interactive prototypes
Authors:   , Wik Malin 
Published: May 2024

This work emphasises the long-standing focus on democratisation in the participatory design field by analysing how participation can be achieved (the pragmatics of participation) and how participation can be increased (the politics of participation) through malleable interactive prototyping. Malleable interactive prototyping refers to the design of digital prototypes of IT systems that are open enough for a designer and a user to collaboratively design and re-design. The interactiveness allows the user to experience the interaction with the system and its design and also allows for redesign during the interaction. This type of prototyping is explored in the collaborative design of an IT system between a designer and citizens at a hospital, and in a short series of co-design workshops with young learners as designers within a component of their digital competence education in upper secondary school. Through a qualitative analysis, this work demonstrates that malleable interactive prototyping increases participation and participatory design. Four conclusions are proposed for the participatory design field: malleable interactive prototyping gives users an informed voice in the design process, allows users to collaboratively design an IT system with a designer, facilitates mutual learning between designer and user, and increases the ecological validity of the collaborative design. Furthermore, the explorations contribute to the education field by showing that malleable interactive prototyping can explicate future use and the user as well as the role of the user and the IT system for young learners, thus enabling young learners to experience democratic IT systems design processes. These conclusions suggest that school policy writers should consider including a socio-technical perspective in the computational-focused curriculum and that educators should contemplate the delivery of this education across all programmes.
Pengaruh Online Customer Review Dan Perceived Risk Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian
Authors: Karin Aurani  , Nana Dyki Dirbawanto  
Published: May 2024

Currently, the beauty care industry is experiencing significant sales growth. However, in 2022, the number of monthly web visits to Sociolla decreased. High perceived risk can make consumers hesitant to make purchases. Similarly, online customer reviews can greatly impact consumer confidence. This study aims to determine the effect of online customer reviews and perceived risk on purchasing decisions for Sociolla consumers in Medan city. The research employed a quantitative approach with an associative design. The study focused on Sociolla application users in Medan City, with a sample size of 96 respondents selected through non-probability purposive sampling. Primary data was collected through direct distribution of questionnaires, while secondary data was obtained through literature review. The study results suggest that online customer reviews have a significant positive impact on purchasing decisions. The t-count value of 4.478 (>1.985) and a significance value of 0.000 (<0.05) indicate this. Additionally, perceived risk also has a significant positive effect on purchasing decisions, with a t-count value of 2.049 (>1.985) and a significance value of 0.043 (<0.05), and a regression coefficient value of 0.134. During simultaneous testing, the variable of online customer reviews and perceived risk have a combined effect with a level of influence of 21.3%. The remaining 78.7% is influenced by factors outside the scope of this study.
Community consultation in a regional hospital in the Republic of Benin to co-develop the PUMA randomised trial
Authors: Lawani Ismail , IMOROU SOUAIBOU Yacoubou , GNELE Josette Bonita , LAWANI Souliath , BOKOSSA Covalic , FADONOUGBO Canice , TENONTO Vivien , EHOUMI Marina , ZOLA Sandrine , TOÏ Ahouéfa 
Published: May 2024

A range of methods can be used for Community Engagement and Involvement (CEI). The Benin Hub of the National Institute for Health Research Global Health Research Unit on Global Surgery organised a CEI consultation to assess, with patients and nursing staff, the level of understanding of the key concepts, their acceptability, their appreciation of the timeline and expected outcomes of a new randomised controlled trial, which aims to improve outcomes for anaemic patients undergoing major abdominal surgery.
Public Service Broadcasting as Subjects and Objects of Media Study:A Philosophical Examination
Authors: Tsevegjav Tserenjav 
Published: May 2024

Public Service Broadcasting (PSB) has long been a subject of study in the media landscape and communication disciplines. This paper aims to summarize PSB research by engaging with philosophical and conceptual issues that consider PSB as both objects and subjects of media study. Why does PSB need to be studied in a dual capacity and explore the implications of this approach? PSB is a subject tool when media characteristics are studied in grounded theory in practice and when studied by the complexities considered as objects inherent in media research. Therefore, I aim to suggest various theoretical frameworks for studying PSB to emphasize the importance of balancing grounded theory with an appreciation for the dynamics of PSB in media research.
Олон нийтийн Өргөн Нэвтрүүлгийн байгууллага нь мэдээллийн хэрэгслэлийн судалгааны объект, субъект болох нь: Философийн ажиглалт
Олон нийтийн радио телевиз нь хэвлэл мэдээллийн болон харилцаа холбооны салбарт судлагдсаар ирсэн сэдвийн нэг билээ. Энэхүү судалгааны өгүүлэлдээ олон нийтийн радио телевизийг хэвлэл мэдээллийн судалгааны объект, харилцаа холбооны салбарын субъект хэмээн үзэх философи, үзэл баримтлалын асуудлыг хөндөж, энэ чиглэлийн судалгааг нэгтгэх зорилгыг дэвшүүллээ. Судалгааны томоохон энэхүү нэгжийг 2 талаас нь судлах шаардлага нь олон нийтийн радио телевизийг хэвлэл мэдээллийн шинж чанараар нь практикт үндэслэн онолоор судлах, хэвлэл мэдээллийн судалгаанд хамаарах объект гэж үзэх үндэслэлтэй холбоотой юм. Тиймээс хэвлэл мэдээллийн судалгаанд мэдээллийн энэ байгууллагын динамик үнэлгээ, онол хоорондын тэнцвэрт байдлын ач холбогдлыг тодорхойлохын тулд онолын олон талт хүрээг ашиглахыг энэхүү судалгааны өгүүллээрээ санал болгож байна.
Түлхүүр үг: Олон нийт, мэдээллийн хэрэгслийн судалгааны философи, онолын хүрээ, учир шалтгааны онол, хосолсон төлөв, эмперик судалгаа
Social Media in Physician Assistance and Medical Education
Authors: Junaid zaman  , Mahar Attaullah , Ahmed Muhammad 
Published: May 2024

Objective: To assess physician assistant (PA) students’ experiences with social media (SM) as a part of their medical education.
Place and duration of study: Study was conducted at Fazaia Medical College, Islamabad, Pakistan from July 2019 to July 2020 in one year duration.
Methodology: This study was completed in two different phases. In phase 1 a cross sectional survey was conducted to measure student opinions and experience with social media. This survey was conducted on all 1st and 2nd year PA students. Phase 2 was a longitudinal observational survey to incorporate two 1st year PA classes regarding social media in medical education resources. First year and second year students from medical school were enrolled.
Results: The mean support of social media inclusion in physician assistant, enhancing existing curriculum, and the anticipation of formal inclusion in the future was 2.42±0.58,2.53±0.98 and 2.42±1.06, respectively. While support social media inclusion in physician assistant, worthwhile addition to the lectures and Useful addition to physician assistant curriculum was 1.84±0.64, 1.77±0.72 and 2.02±0.88, respectively.
Conclusion: Many physician assistants and medical students are already using social media as an informal part of their studies. Some difficulties were also identified by physician assistant students in finding a well-established educational social media. Many PA educators used our data in designing curriculum of PA students. More studies are needed to focus on social media use and its effects on examination education and learning.