bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Normal tissue complication probability model of temporal lobe injury following re-irradiation of IMRT for local recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Guan Xiyin , Peng Jiyou , Sun Jiayao , Xing Xing , Hu Chaosu 
Published: May 2024

PurposeWe tried to establish the normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) model of temporal lobe injury of recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients after two courses of intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) to provide more reliable dose-volume data reference to set the temporal lobe tolerance dose for recurrent NPC patients in the future.Methods and materialsRecurrent NPC patients were randomly divided into training data set and validation data set in a ratio of 2:1, All the temporal lobes (TLs) were re-contoured as R/L structures and named separately in the MIM system. The dose distribution of the initial IMRT plan was deformed into the second course planning CT via MIM software to get the deformed dose. Equivalent dose of TLs in 2Gy fractions was calculated via linear quadratic model, using an α/β=3 for temporal lobes. NTCP model that correlated the irradiated volume of the temporal lobe and? the clinical variables were evaluated in a multivariate prediction model using AUC analysis.ResultsFrom Jan. 2010 to Dec. 2020, 78 patients were enrolled into our study. Among which 26 (33.3%) developed TLI. The most important factors affecting TLI was the sum-dose d1.5cc of TL, while the possible clinical factors did not reach statistically significant differences in multivariate analysis. According to NTCP model, the TD5 and TD50 EQD2 dose of sum-dose d1.5cc were 65.26Gy (46.72–80.69Gy) and 125.25Gy (89.51–152.18Gy), respectively. For the accumulated EQD2 dose, the area under ROC shadow was 0.8702 (0.7577–0.9828) in model validation, p&lt;0.001.ConclusionIn this study, a NTCP model of temporal lobe injury after a second course of IMRT for recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma was established. TD5 and TD50 doses of temporal lobe injury after re-RT were obtained according to the model, and the model was verified by validation set data.
Association between mean airway pressure during high-frequency oscillatory ventilation and pulmonary air leak in extremely preterm infants during the first week of life
Authors: Tamai Kei , Takeuchi Akihito , Nakamura Makoto , Nakamura Kazue , Matsumoto Naomi , Yorifuji Takashi , Kageyama Misao 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundWhile positive pressure ventilation has been considered an important contributing factor associated with pulmonary air leaks, studies examining the association between specific ventilatory settings during acute-phase high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) and pulmonary air leaks among extremely preterm infants are limited.MethodsThis was a single-center retrospective cohort study conducted at an institution that primarily used HFOV after intubation in extremely preterm infants. We analyzed data from extremely preterm infants born between 2010 and 2021. The primary outcome was pulmonary air leakage during the first 7 days of life. The exposure variable was the maximum mean airway pressure (MAP) on HFOV during the first 7 days of life or before the onset of pulmonary air leaks. Maximum MAP was categorized into three groups: low (7–10 cmH2O), moderate (11–12 cmH2O), and high (13–15 cmH2O) MAP categories. We conducted robust Poisson regression analyses after adjustment for perinatal confounders, using the low MAP category as the reference.ResultsThe cohort included 171 infants (low MAP, 123; moderate MAP, 27; and high MAP, 21). The median (interquartile range) gestational age and birth weight were 25.7 (24.3–26.7), 25.7 (24.9–26.9), and 25.3 (24.3–26.6) weeks and 760 (612–878), 756 (648–962), and 734 (578–922) g for infants in the low, moderate, and high MAP categories, respectively. Compared to infants in the low MAP category, those in the high MAP category had a higher incidence of pulmonary air leaks (4.1% vs. 33.3%; adjusted risk ratio, 5.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.6–18.5). In contrast, there was no clear difference in the risk of pulmonary air leaks between the moderate and low MAP categories (3.7% vs. 4.1%; adjusted risk ratio, 0.9; 95% confidence interval, 0.1–6.1).ConclusionExtremely preterm infants requiring high MAP (≥13 cmH2O) in acute-phase HFOV had a higher risk of pulmonary air leak during the first 7 days of life.
The extract of an herbal medicine Chebulae fructus inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma by suppressing the Apelin/APJ system
Authors: Liu Yu-Xi , Wang Lu , Zhang Cong-Ying , Long Kai-Hua , Liu Jing , Liu Shuai , Wang Yuan , Li Ye , Liu Yang , Zhang Hong 
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been a highly common and pathological disease worldwide, while current therapeutic regimens have limitations. Chebulae Fructus, a common herbal medicine in Asia, has been documented to exert potential therapeutic effects on HCC in ancient medicine clinical practice. However, the molecular mechanism underlying its inhibitory effects on HCC requires further investigation.Methods: In this study, the anti-HCC effect of the aqueous extract of Chebulae Fructus (CFE) on human HCC and its underlying mechanism were evaluated. Assays including CCK8, EdU staining, crystal violet staining, cell clone formation, flow cytometry, wound healing, and transwell were used in vitro. The cell-derived xenograft (CDX) and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models were used in vivo. Transcriptomics analysis, qRT-PCR, ELISA, IHC staining, and Western blotting were employed to determine the mechanism of action of CFE.Results: The results demonstrate that CFE effectively suppressed the proliferation and activity of HepG2 and PLC/PRF/5 HCC cells. CFE also induced apoptosis, and suppressed the migration and invasion abilities of these cells. Furthermore, CFE exhibited inhibitory effects on tumor growth in both H22 and PLC/PRF/5 mouse models, as well as in an HCC PDX model which is derived from patient tumor samples. Moreover, it was identified that CFE treatment specifically suppressed the Apelin/APJ system in HCC cells and tumor tissues. To investigate the role of the Apelin/APJ system in mediating the effects of CFE treatment, an APJ overexpressed cell model is established. Interestingly, it was found that the overexpression of APJ significantly diminished the inhibitory effects of CFE on HCC in vitro.Discussion: Collectively, this study provides compelling evidence that CFE exerts significant anti-HCC effects in cell and animal models. Moreover, our findings suggest that the Apelin/APJ system may play a vital role in the therapeutic effects of CFE against HCC.
Effects of variable intensity and constant intensity flywheel resistance training programs on specific soccer players’ performance
Authors: Asencio Pablo , Moreno Francisco J. , Hernández-Davó José Luis , Sabido Rafael 
Published: May 2024

Resistance training programs play a crucial role in optimizing soccer performance. The aim of this study is to compare performance outcomes in sport-specific tasks after implementing two different flywheel resistance training (FRT) programs: variable intensity (VI) and constant intensity (CI). Seventeen (n= 17) amateur footballers were divided into VI and CI groups with the same training volume. For the VI group, a decrease in inertial load was implemented every four sessions, whereas the CI group maintained a constant load during the entire program. After different familiarization sessions and testing (sprint, change of direction, jump, one-repetition maximum and flywheel strength variables), ten sessions of FRT were performed over 5 weeks. Both groups showed similar improvements in the one-repetition maximum (p&lt; 0.01) but the CI group had significant improvements in the 10-m sprint (p= 0.04; ES = 0.72), emphasizing the potential benefits of medium inertial loads to maximize power and specificity in sport tasks. However, no significant differences were observed in the countermovement jump, change of direction and 30-m sprint, possibly attributed to neuromuscular fatigue from a high-volume training schedule and friendly matches. The study highlights the importance of considering training load distribution in FRT programs. The findings emphasize the need for complementary training to maximize the jump and change of direction abilities and caution against high-volume training and friendly match scenarios. In conclusion, FRT programs, whether varying in intensity or not, can yield medium-term performance improvements for soccer players.
Association of lifestyle and flourishing during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan
Authors: Shibata Tomoyoshi , Yamaoka Yui , Nawa Nobutoshi , Nishimura Hisaaki , Koyama Yuna , Kuramochi Jin , Fujiwara Takeo 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionCOVID-19 have changed our lifestyle and little is known how our lifestyle associated with flourishing during COVID-19. This study examined the association between lifestyle, including sleep time, drinking, and smoking, and flourishing during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan.MethodsWe used the population-based study, Utsunomiya COVID-19 seROprevalence Neighborhood Association (U-CORONA) survey conducted in November 2021 to examine the association between lifestyle such as sleeping time, drinking and smoking, and flourishing (n = 473). Flourishing was assessed with the flourishing index, a 10-item multidimensional scale with five domains. Multivariate linear regression analysis was performed adjusted for sex, age, income, and education.ResultsWe found that the flourishing index was significantly lower in the group that slept less than 6 h than in the group that slept 6–8 h (coef = −0.49, SE = 0.17, p &lt; 0.01). We also found that drinking once to several times/week showed higher flourishing than those who almost never drink (coef = 0.57, SE = 0.19, p &lt; 0.01). Smoking was not associated with flourishing.DiscussionSleep duration and drinking habit, but not smoking, may be important for flourishing during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Exploring weight bias and negative self-evaluation in patients with mood disorders: insights from the BodyTalk Project
Authors: Meneguzzo Paolo , Behrens Simone C. , Pavan Chiara , Toffanin Tommaso , Quiros-Ramirez M. Alejandra , Black Michael J. , Giel Katrin E. , Tenconi Elena , Favaro Angela 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundNegative body image and adverse body self-evaluation represent key psychological constructs within the realm of weight bias (WB), potentially intertwined with the negative self-evaluation characteristic of depressive symptomatology. Although WB encapsulates an implicit form of self-critical assessment, its exploration among people with mood disorders (MD) has been under-investigated. Our primary goal is to comprehensively assess both explicit and implicit WB, seeking to reveal specific dimensions that could interconnect with the symptoms of MDs.MethodsA cohort comprising 25 MD patients and 35 demographically matched healthy peers (with 83% female representation) participated in a series of tasks designed to evaluate the congruence between various computer-generated body representations and a spectrum of descriptive adjectives. Our analysis delved into multiple facets of body image evaluation, scrutinizing the associations between different body sizes and emotionally charged adjectives (e.g., active, apple-shaped, attractive).ResultsNo discernible differences emerged concerning body dissatisfaction or the correspondence of different body sizes with varying adjectives. Interestingly, MD patients exhibited a markedly higher tendency to overestimate their body weight (p = 0.011). Explicit WB did not show significant variance between the two groups, but MD participants demonstrated a notable implicit WB within a specific weight rating task for BMI between 18.5 and 25 kg/m2 (p = 0.012).ConclusionsDespite the striking similarities in the assessment of participants’ body weight, our investigation revealed an implicit WB among individuals grappling with MD. This bias potentially assumes a role in fostering self-directed negative evaluations, shedding light on a previously unexplored facet of the interplay between WB and mood disorders.
Influence of internet usage on physical activity participation among Chinese residents: evidence from 2017 China General Social Survey
Authors: Ji Min , Deng Detian , Yang Xiaojuan 
Published: May 2024

ObjectivesThis study aimed to examine the impact of internet usage on physical activity participation among Chinese residents, utilizing data from the 2017 China General Social Survey (N = 12,264). The objectives were to investigate the relationship between internet usage and physical activity participation and to explore the moderating effects of gender, age, and education level.MethodsMultiple regression models and a binary Probit model were employed to analyze the data. The study focused on exploring the association between internet usage and physical activity participation, considering the moderating effects of gender, age, and education level. The sample consisted of 12,264 participants from the 2017 China General Social Survey.ResultsThe study found a positive association between increased internet usage and decreased engagement in physical activity, suggesting a negative influence of internet usage on physical activity. Significant age-related moderating effects were observed, indicating varying patterns of the internet-physical activity relationship across different age groups. Gender and education level were also found to significantly moderate this association, highlighting the impact of gender equality and educational attainment on individuals' utilization of the internet for physical activity purposes.ConclusionThis study underscores the evolving role of the internet in shaping physical activity behaviors in the Chinese context. It emphasizes the importance of considering age-related dynamics and societal factors such as gender equality and educational attainment in health promotion strategies.
The serological IgG and neutralizing antibody of SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant reinfection in Jiangsu Province, China
Authors: Chu Jinjin , Dai Qigang , Dong Chen , Kong Xiaoxiao , Tian Hua , Li Chuchu , Peng Jiefu , Xu Ke , Ju Hao , Bao Changjun , Hu Jianli , Zhu Liguo 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundIt is important to figure out the immunity of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) reinfection to understand the response of humans to viruses. A serological survey for previously infected populations in Jiangsu Province was conducted to compare the antibody level of SARS-CoV-2 in reinfection by Omicron or not.MethodsReinfection with SARS-CoV-2 was defined as an individual being infected again after 90 days of the initial infection. Telephone surveys and face-to-face interviews were implemented to collect information. Experimental and control serum samples were collected from age-sex-matched reinfected and non-reinfected cases, respectively. IgG anti-S and neutralizing antibodies (Nab) concentrations were detected by the Magnetism Particulate Immunochemistry Luminescence Method (MCLIA). Antibody titers were log(2)-transformed and analyzed by a two-tailed Mann–Whitney U test. Subgroup analysis was conducted to explore the relationship between the strain type of primary infection, SARS-Cov-2 vaccination status, and antibody levels. Multivariate linear regression models were used to identify associations between reinfection with IgG and Nab levels.ResultsSix hundred thirty-one individuals were enrolled in this study, including 327 reinfected cases and 304 non-reinfected cases. The reinfection group had higher IgG (5.65 AU/mL vs. 5.22 AU/mL) and Nab (8.02 AU/mL vs. 7.25 AU/mL) levels compared to the non-reinfection group (p &lt; 0.001). Particularly, individuals who had received SARS-CoV-2 vaccination or were initially infected with the Wild type and Delta variant showed a significant increase in antibody levels after reinfection. After adjusting demographic variables, vaccination status and the type of primary infection together, IgG and Nab levels in the reinfected group increased by log(2)-transformed 0.71 and 0.64 units, respectively (p &lt; 0.001). This revealed that reinfection is an important factor that affects IgG and Nab levels in the population.ConclusionReinfection with Omicron in individuals previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 enhances IgG and Nab immune responses.
Associations between special diet and incidence risk of osteoporosis: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhou Changwen , Yang Lixue , Liu Ce , Ma Hongzhong , Yang Feng , Chen Liheng 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionOsteoporosis is a prevalent challenge in clinical orthopedics, affecting a significant percentage of individuals aged 50 and above. The goal of this study was to comprehensively understand the relationships between a specialized dietary regimen and the risk of developing osteoporosis.MethodsThis study employed extensive genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics derived from the UK Biobank. It encompassed 8 kinds of special diets and 7 datasets pertaining to osteoporosis and associated symptoms. The principal analytical approach employed was the inverse-variance weighted method. Additionally, sensitivity analysis was employed to elucidate the diverse multiplicity patterns observed in the final model.ResultsOur results showed that there is significant evidence that a gluten-free diet is associated with osteoporosis [odds ratio (OR): 1.080, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.048–1.112, p = 4.23E-07)]. Furthermore, there exists a suggestive link between the three distinct dietary approaches and osteoporosis [(OR: 0.949, 95%CI: 0.929–0.970, p = 3.00E-06) for comprehensive consumption; (OR: 1.053, 95%CI: 1.018–1.089, p = 2.23E-03) for abstaining from wheat consumption; (OR: 1.036, 95%CI: 1.005–1.068, p = 1.97E-02) for abstaining from sugar consumption]. No additional correlation between the special dietary regimens and osteoporosis has been observed.ConclusionOur research has uncovered a notable correlation between a gluten-free diet and the occurrence of osteoporosis. Furthermore, it exerts a promoting influence on the onset of osteoporosis, which stands in direct contradiction to the therapeutic principles for Celiac Disease’s complications. As such, a novel association among these three elements is postulated.
Low back pain prevention behaviors and beliefs among the Polish population in a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Kuśmierek Paulina , Mikołajczyk Mateusz , Złotkowska Dagmara , Łowczak Anna , Mikołajczyk Anita 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundLow back pain (LBP) is one of the most common problems of public health and creates a burden globally. The aim was to assess the Polish population’s back pain prevention behaviors and beliefs and to examine how these health behaviors and beliefs vary across sociodemographic factors and physical activity.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was carried out among 208 randomly selected patients of the public general practitioner clinic. The differences in LBP-related beliefs and attitudes were determined due to participants’ status of requiring or non-requiring LBP treatment.ResultsMore than half of the respondents did not engage in behaviors that protect against back pain. Individuals with higher education levels and those who exercised at least once a week were significantly more likely to adopt behaviors to protect their backs. Less than half of the participants reported having a workplace that was adequately prepared to protect against back pain, and only 35.1% of the participants reported receiving instruction while taking up work on how to avoid back pain while working. According to respondents’ opinions, preventive actions are necessary to protect against back pain. Inappropriate exercises and stress can be contributors to back pain, with these opinions reported more often by women and participants with higher education levels. Participants who received treatment for LBP showed a significantly higher expression of behaviors to protect against back pain compared to participants who did not require treatment. However, there were no significant differences in participants’ beliefs about back pain prevention between the group requiring LBP treatment and the group not requiring LBP treatment.ConclusionThe study provides valuable insights into the association between LBP treatment, back pain prevention behaviors, and beliefs, suggesting potential avenues for future research and intervention development. By addressing workplace ergonomics and promoting a culture of back health, it may be possible to reduce the burden of LBP in Poland.
Urban green spaces and resident health: an empirical analysis from data across 30 provinces in China
Authors: Bi Yan , Wang Ya , Yang Ding , Mao Jialin , Wei Qifeng 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundThis study aims to explore the correlation between urban green space coverage and resident health, and to analyze its underlying mechanisms.MethodsUsing panel data from 30 provinces in China from 2006 to 2022, which mainly includes urban green space coverage, general health of the population, air quality, and social connectivity. This research constructed a fixed effects model to perform baseline regression analysis. A series of robustness tests, including variable substitution, controlling for geographical differences, regional robustness tests, and shortening the time span of the study, further verified the robustness of the results. Additionally, mechanism tests were conducted to examine the positive impacts of urban green spaces on resident health by improving air quality and enhancing social connectivity.ResultsThe findings indicate a significant positive correlation between urban green space coverage and resident health levels. That is, the greater the area covered with urban green space, the healthier the residents of the area will be. Robustness tests support the reliability of this finding, while mechanism analysis reveals that urban green spaces have a positive impact on the health of the population by improving air quality and increasing social connectivity.DiscussionThis study underscores the importance of urban green space planning in improving resident health and quality of life, providing urban planners with scientific evidence to optimize urban green systems for broader health objectives.