bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Concrete subjected to high rates of loading in compression
Authors: Hughes B. P. , Gregory R. 
Published: July 2012

Synopsis Compression tests on concrete specimens have been carried out at very high rates of loading with a specially constructed drop-harnmer apparatus which enabled load-time and strain-time curves to be determined. The effects of varying the length and platen restraint of the specimen, mix proportions, maximum aggregate size, age at test and type of cement have all been investigated and compared with results for both static tests and earlier tests at high rates of loading.
An apparatus for determining the coefficient of thermal expansion of rocks, mortars and concretes
Authors: Loubser P. J. , Bryden J. G. 
Published: July 2012

Synopsis An apparatus for the determination of the coefficient of thermal expansion in the temperature range 20 to 80°C of rock, mortar and concrete specimens is described. The moisture content of the specimens can vary from oven-dried to saturation. Data showing the thermal expansion of rocks and mortars are presented.
A study of the relationships between time, strength, deformation and fracture of plain concrete
Authors: Dhir R. K. , Sangha C. M. 
Published: July 2012

Synopsis A review of previous work shows that the relationship between compressive strength and rate of strain for concrete is dependent upon curing conditions, strength and age. Tests are reported in which for strain rates slower than 2·5 7times; 10−4/s the strength of concrete was independent of strain rate. The applicability to concrete of a criterion recently established for a sandstone is examined. This criterion is based upon the incremental Poisson's ratio and defines the critical stress of concrete. The use of cored and sawn concrete cylinders produced uniform fracturing of test specimens and facilitated the study of fracture patterns resulting from varying strain rates and load histories.
The rationale of a two-point workability test
Authors: Tattersall G. H. 
Published: July 2012

Synopsis There is a considerable amount of evidence to show that fresh concrete behaves as a Bingham material and therefore measurements at at least two rates of shear are needed to characterize it. The present workability tests are single-point tests and they are therefore inadequate. The very limited circumstances under which they are of some value are discussed. A simple test based on measurement of power input to a mixer at several speeds is described.
A partial kinking yield criterion for reinforced concrete slabs
Authors: Mills G. M. 
Published: July 2012

Synopsis By considering steel bearing on concrete at the edge of the yield-line crack as equivalent to a beam all all elasto-plastic foundation, it is shown theoretically that enhancement of the resistance moment due to kinking of the steel reinforcement is unlikely to exceed 10%. Some experimental results are reported which appear to confirm the validity of the bearing effect. Also reported is a series of 30 slab tests with reinforccment placed at angles of up to 52° to the yield line for which the failure moments are consistent with those predicted by the proposed theory.
Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Hepatitis C in a Survey of Female Sex Workers in the North-East of Italy
Authors: Zermiani Monica , Mengoli Carlo , Rimondo Claudia , Galvan Umberto , Cruciani Mario , Serpelloni Giovanni 
Published: July 2012

A key issue in the prevention and control of Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) is to provide access to health centres, and in diagnosing and treating STD. The present study is aimed to assess the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) in a population of immigrant female sex workers (FSWs). We conducted a cross sectional survey of FSWs working in Verona, North-eastern Italy. Screening test included serology for STDs [including Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), syphilis and Hepatitis B virus (HBV)] and hepatitis C virus (HCV).
Sixteen out of 345 (4.6%) street FSWs screened during 1999-2007 resulted positive for HIV, 12 (3.5%) were positive for HBsAg, 7 (2.0%) were positive for syphilis serological test, and 3 (0.9%) were positive for HCV. Comparison of the prevalence data between women from Africa (286/345, 82.8%) and other countries showed no statistical difference for HIV infection (R.R. 1.44; 95% CI, 0.34-6.19) and for presence of HBsAg (R.R. 2.27; 95% CI, 0.30-17.24). The positivity of syphilis serologic tests had a lower prevalence among African FSWs (mostly coming from Nigeria) than among FSWs from Eastern Europe (57/345, 16.5%). This difference was statistically significant (R.R. 0.03; 95% CI, 0.00-0.28). The prevalence of HIV infection increased with age (p=0.04, by chi2 for trend analysis), but not with the time worked as sex workers in Italy. Moreover, the presence of any of the screened infections was predictable by both age and earlier time of immigration by way of logistic multivariable regression.
The prevalence of HIV and HBsAg was higher in the whole analyzed cohort compared to the general population; prevalence of syphilis was significantly higher in FSWs from Eastern Europe than in FSWs from Africa. HCV prevalence remains low among non intravenous drug abuser FSWs. The data offers a starting point to address targeted intervention that would prevent FSWs acquiring and transmitting STDs.
Effect of Exercise Therapy on Lipid Parameters in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease on Hemodialysis
Authors: Gordon Lorenzo , McGrowder Donovan A , Pena Yeiny T , Cabrera Elsa , Lawrence-Wright Marilyn 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACT
Background: Dyslipidemia has been established as a well-known traditional risk factor for cardiovascular disease in chronic kidney disease patients.
Aim: This study investigated the impact of Hatha yoga exercise on lipid parameters in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on hemodialysis.
Materials and Methods: This prospective randomized study consisted of 33 ESRD patients in the Hatha yoga exercise group that was matched with 35 ESRD patients in the control group. Serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol were determined at baseline (0 month) and after 4 months.
Results: Comparing values after 4 months versus baseline in the prehemodialysis Hatha yoga exercise group, there was found a significant decrease in total cholesterol from 5.126 ± 0.092 mmol/l to 4.891 ± 0.072 mmol/l (-4.58%; P = 0.0001), triglycerides from 2.699 ± 0.078 mmol/l to 2.530 ± 0.063 mmol/l (-6.26%; P = 0.0001), LDL-cholesterol from 2.729 ± 0.083 mmol/l to 2.420 ± 0.066 mmol/l (-11.32%; P = 0.0001), and total cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol ratio from 5.593 ± 0.119 mmol/l to 4.907 ± 0.116 mmol/l (-12.26%; P = 0.047). For patients in the Hatha yoga exercise group, 51.5% had normal total cholesterol at 0 month while 70.0% had normal total cholesterol (P <0.05)after 4 four months and 54.5% of patients had normal LDL-cholesterol at 0 month while 84.9% had normal LDL-cholesterol after 4 months (P <0.05).
Conclusion: These findings suggest that Hatha yoga exercise has preventive and beneficial effects and may be a safe therapeutic modality in ESRD patients.
Comparison of the Multidetector-row Computed Tomographic Angiography Axial and Coronal Planes' Usefulness for Detecting Thoracodorsal Artery Perforators
Authors: Kim Jong Gyu , Lee Soo Hyang 
Published: July 2012

Background During the planning of a thoracodorsal artery perforator (TDAP) free flap, preoperative multidetector-row computed tomographic (MDCT) angiography is valuable for predicting the locations of perforators. However, CT-based perforator mapping of the thoracodorsal artery is not easy because of its small diameter. Thus, we evaluated 1-mm-thick MDCT images in multiple planes to search for reliable perforators accurately.
Methods Between July 2010 and October 2011, 19 consecutive patients (13 males, 6 females) who underwent MDCT prior to TDAP free flap operations were enrolled in this study. Patients ranged in age from 10 to 75 years (mean, 39.3 years). MDCT images were acquired at a thickness of 1 mm in the axial, coronal, and sagittal planes.
Results The thoracodorsal artery perforators were detected in all 19 cases. The reliable perforators originating from the descending branch were found in 14 cases, of which 6 had transverse branches. The former were well identified in the coronal view, and the latter in the axial view. The location of the most reliable perforators on MDCT images corresponded well with the surgical findings.
Conclusions Though MDCT has been widely used in performing the abdominal perforator free flap for detecting reliable perforating vessels, it is not popular in the TDAP free flap. The results of this study suggest that multiple planes of MDCT may increase the probability of detecting the most reliable perforators, along with decreasing the probability of missing available vessels.
La mémoire transculturelle comme fondement du sujet africain chez Mudimbe et Ngal
Authors: Semujanga Josias 
Published: July 2012

Dans les oeuvres de fiction, la ligne de démarcation entre les notions de mémoire et d’histoire est devenue difficile à tracer puisque la fiction conjoint ce que le discours savant sépare dans les représentations du passé. Est-ce la mémoire qui emprunte la voie de l’histoire pour transmettre l’événement ? Est-ce au contraire le discours historique qui repose sur les fragments d’un événement déjà érigés en mémoire ? Quelle que soit la réponse à ces questions, on se trouve confronté à un problème complexe : celui d’un récit construisant le sens d’un événement passé. À cet égard, les oeuvres africaines sont exemplaires, car elles retravaillent ces questions de la mémoire et de l’oubli de l’événement fondateur qu’est la colonisation en révélant une vision transculturelle qui, tout en manifestant inlassablement la hantise de cet événement, tente de dépasser le piège du jeu de miroirs. Comprise comme opération transformatrice, l’écriture surgit au moment de la traversée simultanée de plusieurs cultures, la transculture devenant ici un lieu neutre où sont convoquées diverses représentations du monde, comme en témoignent les textes de Mudimbe et de Ngal sur lesquels s’appuie cette réflexion.
Le dépassement de la discrimination des formes : métissages intertextuels et transculturels chez Pineau, Sow Fall et Mokeddem
Authors: Ndiaye Christiane 
Published: July 2012

Plusieurs textes des écrivaines de la francophonie interrogent de diverses manières les formes littéraires canoniques. Cet article examine le questionnement des genres et textes fondateurs dans trois romans qui procèdent à un décloisonnement interculturel et transgénérique. Dans L’espérance-macadam de Gisèle Pineau, c’est l’usage inapproprié du texte biblique et des contes merveilleux (« contes bleus ») qui est problématisé à travers des personnages qui n’ont plus de langage propre à force de reproduire fidèlement ces modèles consacrés. Chez Aminata Sow Fall, le romanesque fusionne avec la forme traditionnelle de l’épopée pour créer un métadiscours qui valorise la multiplicité des formes et des lectures et récuse toute hiérarchie qui instaure une discrimination entre formes (races ou individus) « supérieures » et « inférieures ». Ce principe de l’égalité des races, cultures et formes littéraires se trouve également au centre du roman de Malika Mokeddem, Le siècle des sauterelles, où l’Orient rencontre l’Occident, où oralité et écriture, poésie et histoire s’amalgament dans un métissage textuel éloquent. Ainsi, ces romancières ne se contentent pas de raconter des histoires plaisantes ; elles mettent en évidence l’un des fonctionnements essentiels de la littérature contemporaine, déjà conceptualisé par Glissant : relater, c’est-à-dire raconter mais aussi mettre en relation.
Transparence et retraduction des sociolectes dans The Hamlet de Faulkner
Authors: Chapdelaine Annick 
Published: July 2012

Transparence et retraduction des sociolectes dans The Hamlet de Faulkner — Par « transparence », nous [le Groupe de recherche en traductologie, de l'Université McGiIl] entendons non pas l'occultation du travail de la conscience traduisante, mais au contraire l'émergence du traducteur comme pôle herméneutique incontournable. Notre entreprise de réactualisation veut tenir compte de deux facettes du texte faulknérien qui ont eu à souffrir de leur passage au français dans la première traduction de René Hilleret, à savoir le gommage tant de la composante sociolectale du roman que de ses effets comiques. Pour les rendre manifestes dans notre retraduction, nous avons choisi de puiser dans les ressources du vernaculaire québécois, produisant un ancrage géographique précis motivé non par le désir de naturaliser Faulkner, mais bien de le donner à lire à la francophonie via le Québec. Les notes qui accompagnent notre traduction s'effectuent en fonction du macrotexte en tenant compte de l'identité des personnages, des rapports de force, des situations d'énonciation, de nos choix antérieurs et des isotopies de l'oeuvre.
À partir de Georges Mounin : esquisse archéologique
Authors: Ladmiral Jean-René 
Published: July 2012

À partir de Georges Mounin : esquisse archéologique — Georges Mounin est l'un des « pères fondateurs » de la traductologie: c'est donc à partir de cet auteur qu'on pourra entreprendre une archéologie de la discipline - au double sens où c'est à la fois vouloir le dépasser, « en partir », et où c'est aussi « partir » de ses travaux. Certes, il faut récuser la problématique de robjection préjudicielle, qui nous confronte aux apories de l'« intraduisible », en réinscrivant dans l'histoire les problèmes de la traduction. Encore devra-t-on ne pas se contenter d'une traductologie purement linguistique, voire d'une « traductologie de la langue ». Plus généralement, dans la foulée de l'héritage de Mounin, on sera amené à poser le problème de l'articulation entre traductologie et linguistique; on en viendra à s'interroger sur le statut du discours traductologique, sur la dimension philosophique qui est la sienne et sur la place qui lui revient dans le champ épistémologique des sciences humaines.
Les déterminants traductifs dans les champs source et cible : le cas du roman policier
traduit de l’américain en français en Série Noire après 1945
Authors: Gouanvic Jean-Marc 
Published: July 2012

Les relations qu’entretiennent la littérature comparée et la traductologie sont
délicates et cet article propose d’envisager la question en analysant un cas, celui du roman
policier américain traduit dans la culture française à partir de 1945 en Série Noire
(Gallimard). Le courant du roman policier hard-boiled de Dashiell Hammett et, plus tard, de Raymond Chandler est né dans
le pulp Black Mask à partir de 1922. Un bref
historique des pulps montre que les récits publiés
dans ces revues au papier bon marché devaient répondre à des exigences strictes. Après avoir
esquissé les habitus de Hammett et de Chandler, est analysée la façon dont Marcel Duhamel
acclimate les auteurs hard-boiled américains dans
la Série Noire et dont le champ français du roman policier conditionne les textes. Il
apparaît que la concurrence directe entre la Série Noire et la collection Un Mystère des
Presses de la Cité est également l’un des déterminants majeurs de la traduction du roman de
« durs-à-cuire », comme le montrent des documents d’archives de la Série Noire. Le roman
policier traduit illustre comment la traduction est partout dans le passage traductif, aussi
bien dans le champ source que dans le champ cible et que le paradigme de la traduction est
un élément incontournable dans l’analyse des contacts entre littératures.
Repenser les rapports entre la littérature comparée et la traductologie : prolégomènes au braconnage interdisciplinaire
Authors: Lane-Mercier Gillian 
Published: July 2012

Cet article interroge les enjeux culturels et idéologiques soulevés par les principales métaphores auxquelles ont eu recours, depuis une quarantaine d’années, aussi bien les comparatistes que les traductologues canadiens-anglais et québécois pour mieux appréhender le rapport entre les deux littératures dites fondatrices du Canada. Nous émettons l’hypothèse selon laquelle les présupposés véhiculés par ces métaphores sont en partie responsables, d’une part, de la difficulté qu’ont ces deux disciplines à se définir l’une par rapport à l’autre et, d’autre part, des tensions « territoriales » qui les menacent, chacune à son tour, de disparition, au Canada comme ailleurs. Dans cette perspective, une attention particulière est portée aux « effets pervers » produits par certaines de ces métaphores sous la forme de procédures d’occultation de la diversité et de la différence qui les rendent inaptes à penser la complexité réelle des frontières culturelles et des découpages disciplinaires, notamment dans les sociétés plurilingues occidentales contemporaines. Pour sortir d’une telle impasse, nous recourons au concept non métaphorique de « braconnage » récemment défini par le critique québécois Simon Harel, qui permet de rendre compte des espaces culturels et disciplinaires contigus dont la survie dépend de la reconnaissance – et du maintien – de la conflictualité créatrice qui les sous-tend.
Vapor Phase Growth of Functional Pentacene Films at Atmospheric Pressure
Authors: Rolin Cédric , Vasseur Karolien , Niesen Björn , Willegems Myriam , Müller Robert , Steudel Sören , Genoe Jan , Heremans Paul 
Published: July 2012

AbstractCompared to traditional vacuum evaporation techniques for small organic molecules, organic vapor phase deposition (OVPD) possesses a extra processing parameter: the pressure of process gas Pch. Here, the influence of large Pch variations (from 0.1 mbar to atmospheric pressure) on pentacene thin film growth is explored. OVPD operation at higher Pch is characterized by lower carrier gas velocities and lower organic diffusivities. These result in an invariance of the material utilization efficiency over the entire pressure span and in an advantageous equilibrium evaporation regime in the source. An increase in Pch yields rough pentacene layers. Classical nucleation theory is applied to demonstrate how the pressure rise triggers homogeneous nucleation in the gas phase, causing the observed roughening. The use of lower deposition rates, higher dilution flow rates, and higher substrate temperatures result in the suppression of gas phase nucleation and the growth of smooth pentacene films at atmospheric pressure. Using these optimized conditions, state‐of‐the‐art pentacene thin film transistors with saturation mobilities above 0.9 cm2/Vs are reproducibly fabricated. p‐Type circuits are also made and a 19‐stage ring oscillator with a stage delay of 51 μs at a supply voltage of 15 V is demonstrated.
Electroluminescence Studies of n‐GaP (100) and (111) in Acetonitrile Solutions
Authors: Mcintyre R. , Smandek B. , Gerischer H. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractElectroluminescence studies of n‐GaP (100) and (111) surfaces have been carried out by hole injection using the cationic components of two selected redox systems, 10‐methylphenothiazine (10‐MP/10‐MP+*) and thianthrene (Th/Th+*). The luminescence has been studied as a function of electrode potential at cathodic bias. The results are quantitatively in good agreement with expectations based on band edge positions, determined from differential capacitance data. In contrast to the behaviour observed in aqueous solution, stable luminescence has been observed over a wide range of negative potentials. This is believed to be a consequence of avoiding the surface transformation which occurs in connection with the reduction of protons, generating efficient centers for radiationless recombination. The spectral distribution of the emitted light suggests that the luminescence originates from the same sub‐band‐gap transitions as reported from aqueous studies.
Mode Specific Resonance Decay
Authors: Bisseling R. H. , Kosloff R. , Manz J. , Schor H. H. R. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractMode specific resonance decay is demonstrated directly by Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) time propagation of resonance wave packets for an ABA molecule modeled by coupled Morse oscillators. Fast and slow decay correlates with local and hyperspherical modes which have their wave function lobes directed towards dissociation exits and ridges of the potential, respectively, in excellent analogy to Hose and Taylor's analysis of the Hénon‐Heiles system. The decay shows no correlation with energy or symmetry. The FFT method yields details of the decay mechanism. The results are related to observations of mode specific unimolecular processes in bulk.
Time Resolved Two‐Color Multiphoton Ionization Studies on the Intramolecular Dynamics of Cycloheptatrienes
Authors: Borrell P. M. , Löhmannsröben H. ‐G. , Luther K. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractOne and two color multiphotonionization experiments in cycloheptatriene, methyl‐, ethyl‐, and isopropyl‐cycloheptatriene are reported. Rate constants for the fast internal conversions S1 → S0 of these molecules were determined. A collisional deactivation process in the pathway of time delayed two color multiphoton ionization is observed.
Unimolecular Decay of Polyatomic Ions Prepared by Multi‐Photon Ionization
Authors: Neusser H. J. , Kühlewind H. , Boesl U. , Schlag De E. W. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractLadder switching in multi‐photon ionization is shown to have important consequences for the study of ion kinetics. In particular, it makes feasible the production of internal energy‐selected molecular ions in a two laser experiment. The metastable decay of these ions is monitored in a reflecting field time‐of‐flight mass spectrometer‐with a high mass resolution. In this way unimolecular decay constants of monoenergetic metastable parent ions have been measured as a function of internal energy. As a first example we have shown that C‐loss as well as H‐loss channels of C6H+6 are competing and originate from the same electronic state of the benzene cation.
Temperature Dependence of the Reaction D + H2 (v = 1) → HD (v = 0,1) + H
Authors: Wellhausen U. , Wolfram J. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe temperature dependence of the rate of the reaction

was studied in a discharge flow reactor. Although the energy of one vibrational quantum exceeds the energy barrier of the reaction, a distinct temperature dependence of the reaction rate was observed. This indicates that only a moderate fraction of the vibrational energy can be used to surmount the energy barrier of the reaction.
Potential Distribution and Interaction between two Parallel Dielectric Cylinders in a Static Transverse Field. II. Limiting Case of Contacting Cylinders
Authors: Schlögl Reinhard W. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe potential profile and the forces of interaction between two dielectric cylinders of radii R1, and R2, dielectric constants ϵ1, and ϵ2, and acted on by a transverse external field, is evaluated in the limiting case of the two bodies in contact. The results for a static field carry over for alternating fields, provided that dielectric losses do not contribute significantly.