bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti-PD-1/TGF-βRII bispecific antibody fusion protein LBL-015 in patients with advanced malignant tumors: A phase I, first-in-human, open-label, multicenter, dose-escalation study.
Authors: Li Qun , Zhao Wei , Wang Wei , Chen Po , Niu Zuoxing , Ni Shuqin , Luo Suxia , Qiao Junjing , Wang Mingxi , Li Yong , He Yan , Liu Tao , Li Tao , Cai Shengli , Li Jin 
Published: June 2024

2592 Background: LBL-015 is a bispecific fusion protein which consists of fully anti PD-1 monoclonal antibody and TGF-βRII ectodomain, designed to block PD-1/PD-L1 and TGFβ signal pathway, reversing immune suppression and promoting anti-tumor immunity. Here we report the preliminary safety and efficacy of LBL-015 in patients with advanced solid tumors. Methods: This is a phase Ⅰ, open-label, multicenter, dose-escalation study to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and PK of LBL-015 in patients with advanced solid tumors that progressed after standard therapy. The dose escalation phase consists of 6 dose cohorts of LBL-015 at 0.3, 1.2, 4, 6, 10, and 20 mg/kg (iv Q2W), using an accelerated titration design (first dose) followed by a 3+3 design. The primary endpoints were tolerability and safety. The second objectives were pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and preliminary efficacy (per RECIST 1.1). Results: As of December 05, 2023, 25 patients [Demography: 11 (44%) male, median age 59 years (range:24, 72), 23 (92%) ECOG score of 1] received LBL-015 treatment. Tumor types included 7 (28%) colorectal cancer, 6 (24%) renal carcinoma (RCC), 2 (8%) gastric carcinoma, 2 (8%) nasopharyngeal carcinoma and 8 (32%) other tumors. 15 (60%) previously received anti-PD(L)-1 treatment. During the study, 2 DLTs (respiratory failure at grade 5 and pulmonary infection at grade 3, respectively) were observed at the dose of 10 and 20 mg/kg, and the MTD was not reached. 25 patients (100%) experienced TEAEs of any grade and 11 patients (44%) at grade ≥3. The most common grade TEAEs (≥20%) were grade 1-2 and included anaemia, AST increased, γ–GT increased, gingival bleeding, pyrexia, LDH increased, proteinuria, ALT increased, weight decreased, asthenia, bilirubin conjugated increased, decreased appetite, hypoalbuminaemia, asthenia. Treatment interruption and permanent discontinuation of LBL-015 due to TEAEs occurred in 3 (12%) and 2 (8%) patients, respectively. Six patients (24%) experienced SAEs. Out of the 20 patients who underwent at least one efficacy evaluation per RECIST, 1 patient with RCC achieved PR at first image assessment which remained partial response for more than 28 weeks, and 4 patients achieved SD. The ORR and DCR were 5%, and 25%, respectively. Conclusions: LBL-015 has demonstrated good safety profiles in patients with advanced solid tumors. The encouraging preliminary efficacy signals indicated additional studies with a focus on TGFβ signaling pathway deregulated or activated tumors such as RCC, pancreatic cancer, etc. should be further explored. Clinical trial information: NCT05107011 .
Complexity in the timing of the first postnatal ecdysis in snakes
Authors: Lillywhite Harvey B. , Jacobson Elliott R. , Sheehy III Coleman M. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
Lepidosaurian reptiles, particularly snakes, periodically shed the outer epidermal layers of their skin (ecdysis) to restore or enhance vital functions such as regulating water and gaseous exchange, growth, and protection against insult, infection or physical injury. Although many studies have focused on the nature and mechanisms of skin shedding, little attention has been paid to the timing of the first ecdysis in neonates following birth or hatching. A recent study investigated patterns of the time to first postnatal ecdysis in snakes based on a large dataset taken from the literature. The analysis demonstrated patterns in the time to first postnatal ecdysis related to phylogeny as well as several life history traits. While this assessment provides important advances in our knowledge of this topic, data on known biophysical drivers of ecdysis – temperature and humidity – were largely unavailable and were not evaluated. The first postnatal ecdysis of neonatal snakes can be viewed as an adaptive adjustment to the transition from the aqueous environment of the embryo to the aerial environment of the newborn. Hence, the timing of the first postnatal ecdysis is logically influenced by the aerial environment into which a newborn snake or hatchling finds itself. Therefore, in this Commentary, we first emphasize the putative plasticity of ecdysis with respect to epidermal lipids that structure the water permeability barrier and are established or renewed during ecdysis to reduce transepidermal evaporative water loss. We then discuss the likely importance of biophysical variables as influential covariates that need future investigation as potential co-determinants of the timing of first postnatal ecdysis.
The interaction of disease transmission, mortality, and economic output over the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Morgenstern Christian , Laydon Daniel J. , Whittaker Charles , Mishra Swapnil , Haw David , Bhatt Samir , Ferguson Neil M. 
Published: June 2024

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused over 7.02 million deaths as of January 2024 and profoundly affected most countries’ Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Here, we study the interaction of SARS-CoV-2 transmission, mortality, and economic output between January 2020 and December 2022 across 25 European countries.

Methods
We use a Bayesian mixed effects model with auto-regressive terms to estimate the temporal relationships between disease transmission, excess deaths, changes in economic output, transit mobility and non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) across countries.

Results
Disease transmission intensity (logRt) decreases GDP and increases excess deaths, where the latter association is longer-lasting. Changes in GDP as well as prior week transmission intensity are both negatively associated with each other (-0.241, 95% CrI: -0.295 - -0.189). We find evidence of risk-averse behaviour, as changes in transit and prior week transmission intensity are negatively associated (-0.055, 95% CrI: -0.074 to -0.036). Our results highlight a complex cost-benefit trade-off from individual NPIs. For example, banning international travel is associated with both increases in GDP (0.014, 0.002—0.025) and decreases in excess deaths (-0.014, 95% CrI: -0.028 - -0.001). Country-specific random effects, such as the poverty rate, are positively associated with excess deaths while the UN government effectiveness index is negatively associated with excess deaths.

Interpretation
The interplay between transmission intensity, excess deaths, population mobility and economic output is highly complex, and none of these factors can be considered in isolation. Our results reinforce the intuitive idea that significant economic activity arises from diverse person-to-person interactions. Our analysis quantifies and highlights that the impact of disease on a given country is complex and multifaceted. Long-term economic impairments are not fully captured by our model, as well as long-term disease effects (Long COVID).
Asthma Care from Home: Study protocol for an effectiveness-implementation evaluation of a virtually enabled asthma care initiative in children in rural NSW
Authors: Mackle Ryan , Crespo Gonzalez Carmen , Chan Mei , Hodgins Michael , Hu Nan , Angell Blake , Owens Louisa , Fletcher Jeffery , McCrossin Timothy , Piper Susie , Doyle Aunty Kerrie , Woolfenden Sue , Gould Bronwyn , Ward Flic , Lingam Raghu , Jaffe Adam , Gray Melinda , Homaira Nusrat ,   on behalf of the Asthma Care from Home Collaborative Group
Published: June 2024

Background
Asthma is the leading source of unscheduled hospitalisation in Australian children, with a high burden placed upon children, their parents/families, and the healthcare system. In Australia, there are widening disparities in paediatric asthma care including inequitable access to comprehensive ongoing and planned asthma care for children.

Methods
The Asthma Care from Home Project is a comprehensive virtually enabled asthma model of care that aims to a. supports families, communities and healthcare providers, b. flexible and locally acceptable, and c. allow for adoption of innovations such as digital technologies so that asthma care can be provided “from home”, reduce potentially preventable asthma hospitalisation, and ensure satisfaction at a patient, family, and healthcare provider level. The model of care includes standardisation of discharge care through provision of an asthma discharge resource pack containing individual asthma action plan, follow-up letters for the child’s general practitioner (GP) and school/child care, and access to online asthma educational sessions and resource; post-discharge care coordination through text message reminders for families for regular GP review, email correspondence with their child’s GP and school/childcare; and virtual home visits to discuss home environmental triggers, provide personalised asthma education and respond to parental concerns relating to their child’s asthma. This study is comprised of three components: 1) a quasi-experimental pre/post impact evaluation assessing the impact of the model on healthcare utilisation and asthma control measures; 2) a mixed-methods implementation evaluation to understand how and why our intervention was effective or ineffective in producing systems change; 3) an economic evaluation to assess the cost-effectiveness of the proposed model of care from a family and health services perspective.

Discussion
This study aims to improve access to asthma care for children in rural and remote areas. Implementation evaluation and economic evaluation will provide insights into the sustainability and scalability of the asthma model of care.
The nexus between the attitudes and self-concepts of gifted students in an Arab context
Authors: Opoku Maxwell Peprah , Moustafa Ashraf , Alsheikh Negmeldin , Anwahi Noora , Aljaberi Mariam , Alkhateri Thara , Almeqbaali Aysha , Elhoweris Hala 
Published: June 2024

Background
The research literature has reported the need for educators to develop suitable programs geared toward the nurturance of gifted students. Although some non-Western countries have adopted policies to foster the growth of exceptional students, their contributions to research in gifted education are limited. To expand the literature on gifted education, this study was guided by Ajzen’s theory of planned behavior to explore the attitudes and self-conceptions of gifted and talented students in the United Arab Emirates.

Methods
The revised Self-Perception Profile for Children and Opinions About the Gifted and Their Education scales were used to collect data from 150 high school students in Abu Dhabi, one of seven states (emirates) in the United Arab Emirates. AMOS software version 29 was used to conduct confirmatory factor and path analyses. To evaluate the differences between the background variables on attitudes and self-concepts, t-tests were calculated using SPSS software version 28.

Results
The study found a relationship between the attitudes and self-concepts of students regarding their participation in enrichment programs. The hypothesized moderation effect of demographic variables on the relationship between attitudes and self-concepts was not supported.

Conclusion
The study’s limitations and implications for educators in the United Arab Emirates to prioritize programs geared toward developing the attitudes and self-concepts of gifted students are discussed in detail.
Experiences and challenges of people living with multiple long-term conditions in managing their care in primary care settings in Kerala, India: A qualitative study
Authors: Joseph Linju , Krishnan Athira , Lekha Thoniparambil Ravindranathanpillai , Sasidharan Neethu , Thulaseedharan Jissa Vinoda , Valamparampil Mathew Joseph , Harikrishnan Sivadasanpillai , Greenfield Sheila , Gill Paramjit , Davies Justine , Manaseki-Holland Semira , Jeemon Panniyammakal 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundMultimorbidity or multiple long-term conditions (MLTCs), the coexistence of two or more chronic conditions within an individual, presents a growing concern for healthcare systems and individuals’ well-being. However, we know little about the experiences of those living with MLTCs in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) such as India. We explore how people living with MLTCs describe their illness, their engagements with healthcare services, and challenges they face within primary care settings in Kerala, India.MethodsWe designed a qualitative descriptive study and conducted in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 31 people (16 males and 15 females) from family health centres (FHCs) in Kerala. Interview data were recorded, transcribed, and thematic analysis using the Framework Method was undertaken.FindingsTwo main themes and three sub-themes each were identified; (1) Illness impacts on life (a)physical issues (b) psychological difficulties (c) challenges of self-managementand (2) Care-coordination maze(a)fragmentation and poor continuity of care (b) medication management; an uphill battle and (c) primary care falling short. All participants reported physical and psychological challenges associated with their MLTCs. Younger participants reported difficulties in their professional lives, while older participants found household activities challenging. Emotional struggles encompassed feelings of hopelessness and fear rooted in concerns about chronic illness and physical limitations. Older participants, adhering to Kerala’s familial support norms, often found themselves emotionally distressed by the notion of burdening their children. Challenges in self-management, such as dietary restrictions, medication adherence, and physical activity engagement, were common. The study highlighted difficulties in coordinating care, primarily related to traveling to multiple healthcare facilities, and patients’ perceptions of FHCs as fit for diabetes and hypertension management rather than their multiple conditions. Additionally, participants struggled to manage the task of remembering and consistently taking multiple medications, which was compounded by confusion and memory-related issues.ConclusionThis study offers an in-depth view of the experiences of individuals living with MLTCs from Kerala, India. It emphasizes the need for tailored and patient-centred approaches that enhance continuity and coordination of care to manage complex MLTCs in India and similar LMICs.
Believability: Sexual Violence, Media and the Politics of Doubt, Sarah Banet-Weiser and Kathryn Claire Higgins (2023)
Authors: Baker Andrea Jean 
Published: June 2024

Review of: Believability: Sexual Violence, Media and the Politics of Doubt, Sarah Banet-Weiser and Kathryn Claire Higgins (2023)
Cambridge: Polity Books, 258 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-50955-381-5, h/bk, AUD 103.95
ISBN 978-1-50955-382-2, p/bk, AUD 32.95
ISBN 978-1-50955-383-9, e-book, AUD 26.99
Rural-Urban Food Price Inflation Disparities in the United States
Authors: Li Qingxiao 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This paper shows that food price inflation varies across rural, urban, and metro counties in the United States. To quantify this disparity, we calculate food price indices using retail scanner data. Our indices suggest that between 2006 and 2020, rural areas had an overall higher food price inflation compared to urban and metro regions, with food price inflation averaging 0.7 percent lower in urban areas and 1.6 percent lower in metro areas. Additionally, we examine shifts in these disparities during key periods. We find that during the Great Recession, these differences were negligible, but in the post-Great Recession years, urban and metro areas consistently had lower food price inflation. However, the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 led to a shift, with both urban and metro areas experiencing higher food price inflation, surpassing rural regions.
Contrast-enhanced near-infrared photoacoustic microscopy and optical coherence tomography imaging of rat fundus
Authors: Du Fengxian , Niu Chen , Zeng Silue , Chen Jingqin , Liu Chengbo , Dai Cuixia 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we design a multimodal visible/near-infrared photoacoustic microscopy and optical coherence tomography (VIS/NIR-PAM-OCT) system for imaging both retina and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)/choroid complex layer. F127 and DSPE-PEG-cRGD encapsulated IR-1048 nanoparticles (FINPs) exhibiting absorption peak up to 1,064 nm were utilized as contrast agents to enhance NIR-PAM for in vivo imaging of fundus tissues. The fundus structure and vessels are clearly visualized by the multimodal imaging, and their parameters were quantitatively analyzed. NIR-PAM and OCT imaging of fundus were time-serially monitored over 60 min following the intravenous injection of FINPs into rats. The results indicated a 134 % increase in image signals in PAM at 1 min, along with an 8.23 % intensity enhancement in OCT. Moreover, laser-induced choroidal neovascularization (CNV) was specifically detected and accurately quantified using VIS/NIR-PAM-OCT. Lastly, FINPs demonstrated excellent biocompatibility in hematology analysis and pathology testing.
Ultrashort pulse biphoton source in lithium niobate nanophotonics at 2 μm
Authors: Williams James , Nehra Rajveer , Sendonaris Elina , Ledezma Luis , Gray Robert M. , Sekine Ryoto , Marandi Alireza 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Photonics offers unique capabilities for quantum information processing (QIP) such as room-temperature operation, the scalability of nanophotonics, and access to ultrabroad bandwidths and consequently ultrafast operation. Ultrashort pulse sources of quantum states in nanophotonics are an important building block for achieving scalable ultrafast QIP; however, their demonstrations so far have been sparse. Here, we demonstrate a femtosecond biphoton source in dispersion-engineered periodically poled lithium niobate nanophotonics. We measure 17 THz of bandwidth for the source centered at 2.09 µm, corresponding to a few optical cycles, with a brightness of 8.8 GHz/mW. Our results open new paths toward realization of ultrafast nanophotonic QIP.
Almighty, Freedom, and Love: Toward an Islamic Open Theology
Authors: Azadegan Ebrahim 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This article argues in favor of Open conception of divinity and theology in Islam. In Section 1, I explain the main textual difference between traditional transcendent conception of divinity and the open conception. Then, I will demonstrate the essential elements of this theology according to the various interpretations of the texts. I will then introduce a different meaning of God’s power as freedom bestowment. Next, I will argue that open theology can be supported rationally through its capability to dissolve some philosophical concerns of theism. It will be concluded that since in the modern era, human beings have changed their position in the world consciously, this change in the position of the man-world state definitely affects our epistemic position toward God, which is our theology. Nowadays, after challenging the sociopolitical paternalistic hierarchy of the world, we become more ready to understand the immanence, nearness, and love of God instead of seeing Him as the almighty King who governs the world from an eternal and too transcendent position. In my view, Open theology could be a fruitful avenue for Islamic theology to pursue as it seeks to answer the emerging questions concerning Man–God relationship in our modern world.
Factors Associated With Perinatal Hepatitis C Screening Among Exposed Children: 2016–2020
Authors: Kuncio Danica E. , Waterman Emily J. , Robison S.Z. Ginny , Roberts Alison 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Children perinatally exposed to hepatitis C virus (HCV) should be screened for infection, yet testing rates are low. Clinical perinatal HCV testing recommendations vary and may contribute to poor completion. This study examines pediatric care factors associated with perinatal HCV testing completion.

METHODS
A cohort of people living with HCV in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, who delivered a live birth in 2016 to 2020 and their children were followed by the Philadelphia Department of Public Health. The association of completion of HCV screening with pregnant/postpartum person demographics, pediatric care factors, and testing policy were retrospectively explored. χ2 and multivariable logistic regressions were used.

RESULTS
HCV-positive pregnant people gave birth to 457 children of whom 307 (67.2%) were tested for HCV according to recommendations and 79 (17.2%) were inadequately tested. Children were more likely to be tested if born to a pregnant person with HIV coinfection (P = .007), if they were always on schedule for vaccinations (P &lt; .001), and if they attended the 18-month well visit (P &lt; .001). Completion rates varied significantly by pediatrician's testing policy: 90.9% tested if the policy was for 2 months, 79.6% if 2 to 12 months, 61.9% if 12 months, and 58.5% if 18 months of age (P &lt; .001).

CONCLUSIONS
Timing of perinatal HCV testing policies was significantly associated with testing completion rates. Testing at 2 months was associated with far better HCV testing completion than other strategies, regardless of birthing person and pediatrician factors. These findings suggest routine HCV testing of children perinatally exposed to HCV is best achieved in the first year of life.
Children’s Hospital Resource Utilization During the 2022 Viral Respiratory Surge
Authors: Michelson Kenneth A. , Ramgopal Sriram , Kociolek Larry K. , Zerr Danielle M. , Neuman Mark I. , Bettenhausen Jessica L. , Hall Matt , Macy Michelle L. 
Published: June 2024

OBJECTIVES
Multiple viral respiratory epidemics occurred concurrently in 2022 but their true extent is unclear. To aid future surge planning efforts, we compared epidemiology and resource utilization with prepandemic viral respiratory seasons in 38 US children’s hospitals.

METHODS
We performed a serial cross-sectional study from October 2017 to March 2023. We counted daily emergency department (ED), inpatient, and ICU volumes; daily surgeries; viral tests performed; the proportion of ED visits resulting in revisit within 3 days; and proportion of hospitalizations with a 30-day readmission. We evaluated seasonal resource utilization peaks using hierarchical Poisson models.

RESULTS
Peak volumes in the 2022 season were 4% lower (95% confidence interval [CI] −6 to −2) in the ED, not significantly different in the inpatient unit (−1%, 95% CI −4 to 2), and 8% lower in the ICU (95% CI −14 to −3) compared with each hospital’s previous peak season. However, for 18 of 38 hospitals, their highest ED and inpatient volumes occurred in 2022. The 2022 season was longer in duration than previous seasons (P &lt; .02). Peak daily surgeries decreased by 15% (95% CI −20 to −9) in 2022 compared with previous peaks. Viral tests increased 75% (95% CI 69–82) in 2022 from previous peaks. Revisits and readmissions were lowest in 2022.

CONCLUSIONS
Peak ED, inpatient, and ICU volumes were not significantly different in the 2022 viral respiratory season compared with earlier seasons, but half of hospitals reached their highest volumes. Research on how surges impact boarding, transfer refusals, and patient outcomes is needed as regionalization reduces pediatric capacity.