bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Small graft size and hepatocellular carcinoma outcomes in living donor liver transplantation: a retrospective multicentric cohort study
Authors: Kim Deok-Gie , Hwang Shin , Lee Kwang-Woong , Kim Jong Man , You Young Kyoung , Choi Donglak , Ryu Je Ho , Kim Bong-Wan , Kim Dong-Sik , Cho Jai Young , Nah Yang Won , Ju Man ki , Kim Tae-Seok , Lee Jae Geun , Kim Myoung Soo , Parente Alessandro , Kim Ki-Hun , Schlegel Andrea , Choi Soo Jin Na , Joo Dong Jin ,   the Korean Organ Transplantation Registry Study Group
Published: May 2024

Introduction:
This study examined associations between the graft-to-recipient weight ratio (GRWR) for adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) outcomes.

Materials and Methods:
Data from patients in the Korean Organ Transplantation Registry who underwent LDLT for HCC from 2014 to 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were categorized using the cutoff GRWR for HCC recurrence determined by an adjusted cubic spline (GRWR <0.7% vs. GRWR ≥0.7%). Recurrence-free survival (RFS) and HCC recurrence were analyzed in the entire and a 1:5 propensity-matched cohort.

Results:
The eligible cohort consisted of 2005 LDLT recipients [GRWR <0.7 (n=59) vs. GRWR ≥0.7 (n=1946)]. In the entire cohort, 5-year RFS was significantly lower in the GRWR <0.7 than in the GRWR ≥0.7 group (66.7% vs. 76.7%, P=0.019), although HCC recurrence was not different between groups (77.1% vs. 80.7%, P=0.234). This trend was similar in the matched cohort (P=0.014 for RFS and P=0.096 for HCC recurrence). In multivariable analyses, GRWR <0.7 was an independent risk factor for RFS [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.89, P=0.012], but the result was marginal for HCC recurrence (aHR 1.61, P=0.066). In the pretransplant tumor burden subgroup analysis, GRWR <0.7 was a significant risk factor for both RFS and HCC recurrence only for tumors exceeding the Milan criteria (aHR 3.10, P<0.001 for RFS; aHR 2.92, P=0.003 for HCC recurrence) or with MoRAL scores in the fourth quartile (aHR 3.33, P<0.001 for RFS; aHR 2.61, P=0.019 for HCC recurrence).

Conclusions:
A GRWR <0.7 potentially leads to lower RFS and higher HCC recurrence after LDLT when the pretransplant tumor burden is high.
CXCR6 expression correlates with radiotherapy response and immune context in triple-negative breast cancer–experimental studies
Authors: Meng Jin , Yang Yilan , Lv Jiaojie , Lv Hong , Zhao Xu , Zhang Li , Shi Wei , Yang Zhaozhi , Mei Xin , Chen Xingxing , Ma Jinli , Zhang Zhen , Shao Zhimin , Yu Xiaoli , Guo Xiaomao 
Published: May 2024

Background:
The chemokine receptor CXCR6 is critical for sustained tumor control mediated by CD8+ cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) in tumors. Previous studies have shown that ionizing radiation induces an inflamed immune contexture by upregulating CXCR6. However, the clinical significance of CXCR6 expression in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and its correlation with radiotherapy remains unknown. This study aimed to clarify the prognostic value of CXCR6 and its role in the breast tumor microenvironment (TME).

Methods:
The messenger RNA and protein expression of CXCR6 in human TNBC and their association with survival were analyzed. The role of CXCR6 in the immune context was investigated using a combination of single-cell RNA sequencing, bulk transcriptome sequencing data, and fluorescence-based multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC) techniques.

Results:
Elevated CXCR6 expression correlated with better clinical outcomes and superior response to adjuvant radiotherapy and immunotherapy in TNBC. CXCR6 fostered an immunostimulatory microenvironment characterized by upregulated cytotoxic markers. We also found that CXCR6 plays a crucial role in regulating the differentiation of CD8+ T cells and the intercellular communication of immune cell subtypes, thus shaping the TME.

Conclusions:
This study highlights the emerging role of CXCR6 in shaping the TME and targeting CXCR6 may be a promising strategy for improving the effectiveness of radiotherapy and immunotherapy in TNBC.
Factors Associated With Recent Decline in Anal Health Among Older Gay and Bisexual Men: A Cross-sectional Analysis
Authors: Goddard Sian L. , Poynten I. Mary , Petoumenos Kathy , Jin Fengyi , Hillman Richard J. , Fairley Christopher K. , Garland Suzanne M. , Grulich Andrew E. , Templeton David J. ,   on behalf of the Study for the Prevention of Anal Cancer (SPANC) Research Team
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We investigated factors associated with “worse than usual” anal health among gay and bisexual men aged ≥35 years recruited to a longitudinal study of anal human papillomavirus infection/lesions from September 2010 to August 2015.
Among 616 participants (median age 49 years; 36% HIV-positive), 42 (6.8%) reported worse than usual anal health in the last 4 weeks. Associated factors included spending less time with gay friends (odds ratio [OR] = 2.25, 95% CI = 1.06–4.77), most time “feeling down”(OR = 9.17, 95% CI = 2.94–28.59), reduced libido (OR = 2.90, 95% CI = 1.52–5.52), current anal symptoms (OR = 6.55, 95% CI = 2.54–16.90), recent anal wart diagnosis (OR = 4.33, 95% CI = 1.98–9.49), and fear of developing anal cancer (OR = 9.34, 95% CI = 4.52–19.28).
Concerns regarding anal health should be routinely discussed by clinicians, and potentially associated psychosocial, physical, and sexual issues further explored.
Analysis of the detection rate and clinical characteristics of early gastric cancer by painless gastroscopy and ordinary gastroscopy
Authors: Qiu Lei , Yao Linhua , Hu Piwei , He Tongyun 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
To investigate the difference of early gastric cancer (EGC) detection rate and endoscopic characteristics between painless and ordinary electronic gastroscopy, and summarize the clinical data of gastric cancer (GC) patients.

Methods:
Clinical data of 72,000 patients who underwent gastroscopy in the First People Hospital of Huzhou (Zhejiang, China) from January 2016 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into painless gastroscopy group (observation group, 36,000 cases) and ordinary gastroscopy group (control group, 36,000 cases) according to the examination methods. The detection rate of EGC between the 2 groups and the endoscopic characteristics of EGC lesions between the 2 groups were compared, and the clinical data of GC were summarized.

Results:
Painless gastroscopy is safer than ordinary gastroscopy. The detection rate of GC and EGC in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < .05); the difference between the 2 groups in the detection rate of advanced GC was not statistically significant. The average length of EGC lesions in the observation group was significantly shorter than that in the control group (P < .05). The proportion of EGC with lesion length <2.0 cm in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < .05). The proportion of EGC lesions with type II morphology, normal or pallor mucosal color, and no rupture in mucosa in the control group were significantly lower than that in the observation group, respectively (P < .05). The proportion of EGC distributed in the cardia, fundus and corpus was higher in the observation group than in the control group (P < .05). The incidence of helicobacter pylori (HP) infection, precancerous diseases, first-degree relatives of GC patients, and risk factors in patients with GC was significantly higher than that in non-GC patients (P < .05), multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that these were independent influencing factors for the occurrence of GC.

Conclusion:
Painless gastroscopy can effectively improve the screening and diagnostic efficiency of EGC, especially for EGC lesions that are not easy to expose the site, small in size, superficial, without obvious mucosal color change or without mucosal breakage. Therefore, the value of painless gastroscopy in EGC screening is worth further promotion and research.
Taurolidine and Heparin as Catheter Lock Solution for Central Venous Catheters in Hemodialysis
Authors: Nguyen Timothy , Camins Bernard C. , Butler David A. 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Chronic kidney disease can lead to end-stage renal disease, and the prevalence is increasing. Many patients starting hemodialysis require central venous catheters (CVCs). Catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs) are a common complication and lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Interventions to prevent CRBSI include antimicrobial lock therapy but concern for the development of antimicrobial resistance and adverse effects. Nonantimicrobial antiseptics as catheter lock solutions have also been used. Taurolidine and heparin catheter lock solution is first approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the prevention of CRBSI in patients on hemodialysis. Taurolidine has a unique mechanism of action and favorable safety profile.

Mechanism of Action, Pharmacodynamics, and Pharmacokinetics:
Taurolidine and heparin catheter lock solution have both antimicrobial and anticoagulant properties. Taurolidine is derivative of the amino acid taurine, and heparin is derived from porcine intestinal mucosa. Taurolidine not only damages microbial cell walls but also prevents the adherence of microorganisms to biological surfaces, preventing biofilm formation. Taurolidine and heparin catheter lock solution is intended to be used intraluminally within the catheter and should be aspirated. Because it is used locally, limited pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data are available.

Clinical Trials:
The LOCK-IT-100 trial is a randomized, double-blind, phase 3 study, which included 795 end-stage renal disease patients on hemodialysis with CVC. Taurolidine and heparin was compared with the control heparin alone. The results of the study showed a 71% risk reduction in CRBSI for taurolidine and heparin arm (95% confident interval, 38%–86%, P = 0.0006). Other studies have also shown that taurolidine lock solution leads to decreased CRBSI episodes. Several systematic reviews and meta-analysis consisted of taurolidine in adult, and pediatric populations also showed reduction in the incidence of CRBSIs.

Therapeutic Advance:
Taurolidine and heparin lock solution represents a novel preventive strategy for those undergoing hemodialysis through a CVC by reducing the risk of CRBSI. This is significant progress because there are no other similar options available for patients for whom catheters are the only options for their life-saving treatment.
Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation of Peroneal Longus Improve Balance Control Ability in Young Adults With Chronic Ankle Instability
Authors: Wang Yueping , Zheng Huifen , Wang Jiangna , Xu Peiming , Sun Wei 
Published: May 2024

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the effects of 6 wks of peroneal longus neuromuscular electrical stimulation on the balance control ability in young adults with chronic ankle instability.

Design
This study is a double-blind randomized controlled trial. Six weeks of neuromuscular electrical stimulation and placebo intervention were conducted in the neuromuscular electrical stimulation and control groups for 20 mins, three times a week, respectively. Thirty-eight participants successfully completed the whole intervention and single-leg standing tests. The kinetics data of the center of pressure trajectory during static single-leg stance were measured using a Kistler force platform. Two-way repeated measures analysis of variance was used to analyze the electrical stimulation effects.

Results
Significant interactions were detected in Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool scores and all balance parameters including displacement X, displacement Y, 95% confidence ellipse area, root-mean-square, and center of pressure mean displacement velocity (P < 0.05, 0.103 ≤ η2 ≤ 0.201). Significant between-group differences were found in Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool scores (P = 0.003, Cohen’s d = 0.215), displacement X (P = 0.045, Cohen’s d = 0.107), root-mean-square ml (P = 0.019, Cohen’s d = 0.143), and 95% confidence ellipse area (P = 0.031, Cohen’s d = 0.123) after the 6-wk interventions.

Conclusions
Six weeks of neuromuscular electrical stimulation on the peroneus longus can improve static balance control ability in young adults with chronic ankle instability, especially the stability of ankle frontal plane.
Neuromuscular Adaptations Related to Medial Knee Osteoarthritis and Influence of Unloader Braces on Neuromuscular Activity in Knee Osteoarthritis Subjects—A Systematic Review
Authors: Rogoschin Jana , Komnik Igor , Potthast Wolfgang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Unloader braces are a treatment modality for medial compartment knee osteoarthritis. The functional mechanisms involved are not yet fully understood. Therefore, this two-part systematic review examines the following research questions: How is muscle activation altered by medial compartment knee osteoarthritis, and do medial tibio-femoral compartment unloader braces alter muscle activation? If so, could this alteration be part of the unloading mechanism by affecting the altered muscle activity in medial compartment knee osteoarthritis?
A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, LIVIVO, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and CENTRAL for articles published until August 2023. The first systematic review, examining neuromuscular alterations, identified 703 articles, with a final inclusion of 20. The second systematic review, which evaluated the neuromuscular effects of unloader braces, identified 123 articles with the final inclusion of 3. Individuals with medial compartment knee osteoarthritis demonstrated increased activity and co-contraction of the periarticular knee muscles, whereas medial tibio-femoral compartment unloader braces seemed to reduce activity and co-contraction. In contrast to the belief that unloader braces result in muscle weakness as they decrease muscle activity and co-contraction, our limited insights indicate that they rather might reduce the pathological increase. This may result in joint load reduction due to lower compressive forces. However, further investigation is required.
Brief Report: Depression, Substance Use, and Factors Associated With Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Adults Living With HIV in the Asia-Pacific Region
Authors: Ross Jeremy L. , Teeraananchai Sirinya , Avihingsanon Anchalee , Lee Man Po , Ditangco Rossana , Rajasuriar Reena , Kim Jung Ho , Gatechompol Sivaporn , Chan Iris , Melgar Maria Isabel Echanis , Chong Meng Li , Jiamsakul Awachana , Sohn Annette H. , Law Matthew , Choi Jun Yong ,   on behalf of the Substance Use, Stigma, Depression and Disability (S2D2) Study Group of IeDEA Asia-Pacific
Published: May 2024

Background:
Mental health and substance use disorders are common among people living with HIV and are associated with high-risk sexual behaviors, such as unprotected sex and multiple sexual partners, but Asia-Pacific data are limited.

Methods:
Adults living with HIV in care at 5 Asia-Pacific HIV clinics were enrolled at routine clinic visits between July 2019 and June 2020. Depression, substance use, sexual practice, and sociodemographic data were collected using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test, and a study-specific questionnaire. Clinical data were accessed from medical records. Risk factors for medium- to high-risk sexual practices, defined based on total scores from the sexual practice questionnaire assessing number of sexual partners and condom use, were analyzed using logistic regression. Moderate-to-severe depression was defined as a Patient Health Questionnaire-9 score >9 and moderate- to high-risk substance use as an Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test score ≥11 for alcohol or ≥4 for other substances.

Results:
Among 723 participants, the median age was 38 years, 89% were men, 99% were on antiretroviral therapy and 37% had medium- to high-risk sexual practices. Medium- to high-risk sexual practices were more common among those ≤30 years old, unemployed, and those with HIV status disclosed and were more likely in participants with moderate-to-severe depression (aOR 2.09, 95% CI: 1.17 to 3.74) compared with none-to-minimal depression, and moderate- to high-risk substance use (aOR 1.73, 95% CI: 1.23 to 2.44) compared with those without.

Conclusions:
Further integration of comprehensive sexual risk reduction strategies, mental health services, and substance use harm reduction within HIV clinical settings in the region is needed.
Determination of Mouth Width for Facial Reconstruction Based on Statistical Regression Model
Authors: Zhang MeiLing , Xu Huiming , Biao Yan , Lee KyungMin Clara 
Published: May 2024

Introduction:
It is important to generate predictable statistical models by increasing the number of variables on the human skeletal and soft tissue structures on the face to increase the accuracy of human facial reconstructions. The purpose of this study was to determine mouth width 3-dimensionally based on statistical regression model.

Material and Methods:
Cone-beam computed tomography scan data from 130 individuals were used to measure the horizontal and vertical dimensions of orbital and nasal structures and intercanine width. The correlation between these hard tissue variables and the mouth width was evaluated using the statistical regression model.

Results:
Orbital width, nasal width, and intercanine width were found to be strong predictors of the mouth width determination and were used to generate the regression formulae to find the most approximate position of the mouth.

Conclusion:
These specific variables may contribute to improving the accuracy of mouth width determination for oral and maxillofacial reconstructions.
Zygomatic Implant Length Measurement Without Excessive Flap Release: A Human Cadaver Study
Authors: Şahin Onur , Rizaj Xhini , Bilge Okan , Çelik Servet , Hacilar Mustafa , Bakar Olcay 
Published: May 2024

One of the most important steps in zygomatic implant surgery is to determine the implant length. This cadaver study aims to identify an alternative technique for determining the length of the implant in zygoma surgery without excessive elevation of the flap. A total of 30 cadavers were included in this study. Measurements were made with a probe by seeing the exit point of the drills from the lateral aspect of the zygomatic bone. Secondly, without excessive flap release, the distance that the depth probe first raises the skin over the lateral border of the zygoma is measured. The average difference between the measurements made without excessive elevation of the flap and with a retractor placed on the zygomaticofrontal notch was found to be 5.41 ± 0.94 mm (range: 5–7.5 mm). According to the results of this study, the zygomatic implant should be placed at least 5 mm shorter than the length at which the depth probe first raises the skin over the lateral border of the zygomatic bone.
Morphometric Analysis of the Sella Turcica on Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Images
Authors: Ince Rümeysa , Cihan Ömer F. , Bahşi İlhan , Yalçin Eda D. 
Published: May 2024

Introduction:
Sella turcica is an important anatomic formation that contains the pituitary gland and is in a close neighborhood with many vital structures. It is important to know the morphometry of the sella turcica, as it is a transition point during surgical interventions such as the endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach to the region. The findings obtained are thought to be useful in the examination of sella turcica and surrounding structures and will contribute to the literature by knowing the morphometry of the region for the surgical method.

Method:
In this study, cone-beam computed tomography images of 400 individuals, 200 females and 200 males, aged between 18 and 65 years, who did not have craniofacial pathology, who applied to Gaziantep University, Faculty of Dentistry between 2015 and 2020 for any reason, were evaluated retrospectively. In the sagittal section, 8 parameters were examined, 6 of which were transverse.

Results:
The length () of the sella turcica in the sagittal plane is 10.19±1.77 mm, the diameter of the sella turcica is 11.6±1.69 mm, the anterior height of the sella turcica is 7.88±1.56 mm, the median height of the sella turcica 8.18±1.42 mm, posterior height of sella turcica 6.98±1.31 mm, width of sella turcica 11.10±1.6 mm. The distance between anterior clinoid processes in the transverse plane was 24.93±2.57 mm, and the distance between posterior clinoid processes was 14.92±2.46 mm.

Conclusion:
It was determined that there was an increase in many parameters with age, and length of the sella turcica and anterior clinoid processes were statistically significantly higher in males.
Pediatric Canalicular Lacerations: Epidemiology and Surgical Outcomes
Authors: Güçlü Emin S. , Özer Ömer 
Published: May 2024

Background:
The aim of this study was to report the epidemiology and surgical outcomes of canalicular lacerations in the pediatric age group.

Methods:
All pediatric patients who underwent repair of canalicular lacerations of any cause were included in this study. Age, sex, mechanism of trauma, and type of stent used were recorded.

Results:
The study group consisted of 47 patients with a median age of 6.4 years (22 mo–17 y). Thirty of the patients were male (63.8%). The lower canaliculus was affected in 76.6% (n=36), the upper canaliculus in 40.4% (n=19), and both canaliculi in 17% (n=8). The most common cause of canalicular laceration was sharp objects (n=33, 70.2%).

Conclusion:
Canalicular laceration most commonly affects boys and especially involves the lower canaliculus. There was no difference in functional success between monocanalicular and bicanalicular stents. Prevention of canalicular lacerations should be the main focus.
Three-Dimensional Analysis of Bone Remodeling After Closed Treatment for Mandibular Condylar Head Fracture
Authors: Sim You Song , Park Won-Jong , Jung Seunggon , Kook Min-Suk , Park Hong-Ju , Oh Hee-Kyun , Han Jeong Joon 
Published: May 2024

Closed treatment of mandibular condylar fractures has been used for its indications based on the fracture site, fracture status, and patient age. Posttreatment mandibular condyle size is associated with mandibular function; however, a few studies have reported bone remodeling patterns and volume changes in the condyle and glenoid fossa after mandibular condylar head fractures (CHFs). Therefore, volumetric changes in the mandibular condyle and glenoid fossa were analyzed in the present study, and bone remodeling patterns were evaluated after mandibular CHFs. The present study included 16 condyles from 12 patients who received closed treatment for CHF. After reconstruction of a 3-dimensional skull model, including the mandible, using computed tomography data taken immediately after injury and 6 months after treatment, volume changes in the mandibular condyle and glenoid fossa were analyzed. The condylar volume increased by 0.32±0.66 cm3 during the 6-month healing period without statistical significance (P=0.093). Regarding the glenoid fossa, the fossa showed a statistically significant volume increase of 0.41±0.59 cm3 (P=0.021), and 12 glenoid fossae (75%) showed downward bone apposition; however, no change or only mild bone resorption was observed in 4 glenoid fossae (25%). The results of this study indicated that the volume changes in the mandibular condyle after closed treatment of a mandibular CHF are not significant, and the glenoid fossa adapts to the displaced mandibular condyle through downward growth accompanied by volume increase.