bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microspheres of Mixed Proteins
Authors: Angel (Shimanovich) Ulyana , Matas Devorah , Michaeli Shulamit , Cavaco‐Paulo Artur , Gedanken Aharon 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThis paper describes the synthesis of mixed proteinaceous microspheres (MPMs) by the sonochemical method. The current fundamental research follows the research of Suslick and co‐workers who have developed a method by which high‐intensity ultrasound is used to make aqueous suspensions of proteinaceous microcapsules filled with water‐insoluble liquids.1 By using high‐intensity ultrasound, we have synthesized microspheres made of a few different proteins. The three proteins used in the current experiments are bovine serum albumin (BSA), green fluorescent protein (GFP), and cyan fluorescent protein–glucose binding protein–yellow fluorescent fused protein (CFP‐GBP‐YFP). The two synthesized microspheres made of mixed proteins are BSA‐GFP and BSA‐(CFP‐GBP‐YFP). This paper presents the characterization of the sonochemically produced microspheres of mixed proteins. It also provides an estimate of the efficiency of the sonochemical process in converting the native proteins to microspheres.
Lithium Argyrodites with Phosphorus and Arsenic: Order and Disorder of Lithium Atoms, Crystal Chemistry, and Phase Transitions
Authors: Kong Shiao‐Tong , Deiseroth Hans‐Jörg , Reiner Christof , Gün Özgül , Neumann Elmar , Ritter Clemens , Zahn Dirk 
Published: January 2010

AbstractCrystal chemical data of high‐ (HT) and low‐temperature (LT) modifications of lithium argyrodites with the compositions Li7PCh6 (Ch=S, Se), Li6PCh5X (X=Cl, Br, I), Li6AsS5Br, and Li6AsCh5I (Ch=S, Se) based on single‐crystal, powder X‐ray (113 K<T<503 K) and neutron measurements (5 K<T<293 K) are presented. In the HT modifications, the Li atoms are strongly disordered over a fraction of the available tetrahedral holes, whereas in the LT modifications they occupy ordered crystallographic positions with a pronounced site preference that is analysed on a crystal chemical basis. The Ch/X partial structures remain nearly unchanged upon the reversible phase transitions. Crystal chemical and crystallographic relations between HT and LT modifications based on the Frank–Kasper model of tetrahedral close packing are discussed. X‐ray single‐crystal data for HT‐Li6PS5I show the electron density of the disordered Li to be smeared out over an extended region preferably inside face‐sharing double tetrahedra. A series of temperature‐dependent powder neutron data for Li6PS5I gives clear evidence for an HT/LT phase transition at ≈175 K with an ordering of the Li atoms in different polyhedra with coordination numbers between three and four.
Integrierte Bioproduktion und selektive Aufreinigung von Perillasäure
Authors: Mirata M. A. , Schewe H. , Holtmann D. , Schrader J. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractFür die erfolgreiche industrielle Anwendung biotechnologischer Produktionsverfahren sind hohe Raum‐Zeit‐Ausbeuten und kostengünstige Aufreinigungsverfahren essenziell. Für produktinhibierte Bioprozesse stellt die Integration einer In‐situ‐Produktabtrennung (in situ product removal, ISPR) einen vielversprechenden Lösungsansatz dar. Der vorliegende Beitrag beschreibt das Vorgehen für die Optimierung der mikrobiellen Umwandlung von Limonen zu Perillasäure, einer bioaktiven Monoterpensäure, mittels ISPR.
Enzyme aus Metagenomen für die Biokatalyse in ionischen Flüssigkeiten
Authors: Ilmberger N. , Pottkämper J. , Streit W. R. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractIonische Flüssigkeiten (ILs) sind neue und chemisch inerte Lösungsmittel, von denen einige die Eigenschaft besitzen, Cellulose zu lösen. Allerdings sind keine in ILs stabile und aktive Cellulasen bekannt. In dieser Arbeit wurden metagenomische Banken durchmustert und die 24 resultierenden Klone auf ihre Aktivität und Stabilität in ILs getestet. Drei Enzyme zeigten moderate Aktivität in 30 % 1‐Butyl‐1‐methyl‐pyrrolidinium‐trifluormethansulfonat.
Characterization of keto‐enol tautomerism of p‐hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid using CE with amperometric detection and spectrometric analysis
Authors: Huang Ying , Zhang Xiaoli , Xu Liangjun , Chen Hongqing , Chen Guonan 
Published: January 2010

AbstractA high‐performance CE with amperometric detection (CE‐AD) was employed for the kinetic study of keto‐enol tautomerism of p‐hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid (pHPP). Several factors (concentration of β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD), concentration and pH of running buffer, separation voltage and injection time) affecting CE‐AD were investigated and separation conditions were optimized. The kinetics of pHPP was performed in water solution and phosphate solution under different pH and temperature, the homologous ketonization rate constants and half‐life were obtained. Also, the activation energy was calculated according to the rate constants under different temperature. The experimental results indicated that β‐CD played an important role in the separation, therefore UV spectrometric method was applied for the study of complexation interaction between ketonic pHPP and β‐CD. The results indicated that the stoichiometric ratio of the pHPP–β‐CD complex was 1:1 and formation constant was determined. The obtained kinetic results are in correspondence with those reported by our group with CE‐UV.
Selective reinnervation of the posterior cricoarytenoid and interarytenoid muscles: An anatomical study
Authors: Kwak Paul E. , Friedman Aaron D. , Lamarre Eric D. , Lorenz Robert R. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Selective reinnervation for bilateral vocal fold paralysis has been successful in animal models and shows promise in humans, but detailed, surgically relevant measurements for performing this in the human larynx are not readily available.Study Design:Anatomical study describing the anatomy and gender differences of the recurrent laryngeal nerve, with specific attention to the distance between the posterior cricoarytenoid (PCA) branch and the interarytenoid (IA) branch.Methods:Dissection of 20 human cadaveric larynges.Results:The mean distance between PCA and IA branches on the left side in male specimens was 4.9 ± 2.7 mm; on the right side 5.4 ± 2.5 mm. The mean distance between PCA and IA branches on the left side in female specimens was 4.9 ± 2.0 mm; on the right side 5.5 ± 2.6 mm. A thyroid cartilage notch was required to be able to achieve sufficient access for neurorrhaphy in 57.1% of male specimens on either side and in 69.2% of female specimens on either side. The mean size of the thyroid cartilage notch required in male specimens was 39.55 ± 19.67 mm2, and in female specimens 47.61 ± 12.98 mm2.Conclusions:This study provides new insight into laryngeal anatomy and further data for developing a reliable surgical approach. Laryngoscope, 2010
Exostoses of the external auditory canal in white‐water kayakers
Authors: Moore Ryan D. , Schuman Theodore A. , Scott Theresa A. , Mann Scott E. , Davidson Mario A. , Labadie Robert F. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis.Exostoses of the external auditory canal are benign bony tumors associated with frequent cold‐water exposure. Obstruction may lead to conductive hearing loss and recurrent otitis externa, requiring surgical correction when symptoms become intolerable. This study aimed to characterize the prevalence of exostoses in white‐water kayakers and identify associated risk factors and protective measures.Study Design.Cross‐sectional.Methods.Six hundred eleven white‐water kayakers from across the United States were included in the study. Percent occlusion was graded as minimal (<25%), moderate (25%–75%) or severe (>75%). Subjects completed a survey of risk factors and protective measures. Kruskal‐Wallis and χ2 tests were performed to determine significant associations with percent occlusion. A multivariate proportional odds regression model was fit to adjust for confounding between the variables.Results.The prevalence of exostoses in kayakers was 79% (482/611); 13% (78/611) had ≥75% occlusion. Percent occlusion was associated with total years kayaked (P < .001), frequency ≥1 day/week (P < .001), male gender (P < .001), and increasing age (P = .005), although frequency, gender, and age were confounded by total years. Styles that involve repeated submersion were also associated with greater occlusion (freestyle, P = .036; squirt, P = .016). Subjects who used earplugs for a greater proportion of their kayaking career were less likely to have exostoses (P < .001). When adjusted for confounding, only total years (P = .0003) and age (P = .0027) remained significant.Conclusions.Kayakers are the first inland population to experience exostoses at the rates seen in coastal populations (e.g., surfers). When used long‐term, earplugs may be protective. Laryngoscope, 2010
Synthesis and characterization of benzothiazolyl‐substituted anils
Authors: Venkatachalam Taracad K. , Pierens Gregory K. , Reutens David C. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractNew Schiff bases containing a hydroxynaphthyl ring and substituted benzothiazolyl groups have been synthesized. High‐resolution NMR spectra confirmed that these anils exist as enol–keto tautomers in solution. The results from NMR data demonstrated that the proportion of enol tautomer exceeded 90% in these substituted anils. Some compounds exhibited thermochromism in solid state. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Wound‐healing activity of the skin of the common grape (Vitis Vinifera) variant, cabernet sauvignon
Authors: Nayak B. Shivananda , Ramdath D. Dan , Marshall Julien R. , Isitor Godwin N , Eversley Mathew , Xue Sophia , Shi John 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe common GrapeL.(Vitaceae) is regarded as an important medicinal plant. European healers have suggested the use of grapevine sap, juice, and whole grape in the treatment of pain, allergic reactions, inflammation, and to promote wound healing. We evaluated grape‐skin powder for its wound‐healing activity using an excision wound model in rats. Animals were randomly divided into three groups of six (n = 6) each. The test group animals were treated topically with the grape‐skin powder (100 mg/kg/day). The controls and standard group animals were treated with petroleum jelly and mupirocin ointment respectively. Healing was assessed by the rate of wound contraction, period of epithelialization, and hydroxyproline content. On day 13, treatment of the wounds with grape‐skin powder enhanced significantly the rate of wound contraction (100 %). Treated animals showed significant decrease in the epithelialization period (p < 0.000) and increase in the hydroxyproline content (p < 0.05) when compared to control and the standard. Histological analysis was also consistent with the proposal that grape‐skin powder exhibits significant wound‐healing potential. Increased rate of wound contraction, hydroxyproline content, and decrease in epithelialization time in the treated animals support the use of grape‐skin powder in the management of wound healing. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Interface characterization of a metal‐oxide‐semiconductor structure by biased X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy
Authors: Yoshitake M. , Ohmori K. , Chikyow T. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractX‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements of a Pt/HfO2(SiO2)/Si metal‐oxide‐semiconductor (MOS) structure under a bias voltage applied between the gate metal and the silicon substrate were studied. The binding energy shifts of Pt 4f, Hf 4f, O 1s and Si 2p according to the applied voltage were investigated using the MOS structure. After the influence of measurements on the results was carefully examined under various conditions, the amount of the shifts was analyzed from a viewpoint of band alignment. Based on the experimental results, a new way of interpreting the deviation of the electric properties from the ideal ones in a band diagram was proposed. It was demonstrated that the biased XPS is a very powerful method to understand the origin of the electric properties of MOS. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sodium Bisulfite‐Induced Changes in the Physicochemical, Surface and Adhesive Properties of Soy β‐Conglycinin
Authors: Zhang Lu , Sun Xiuzhi Susan 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe effects of sodium bisulfite on the electrophoresis profile; turbidity; and thermal, surface, and adhesive properties of soy β‐conglycinin protein were studied. Sodium bisulfite dissociated high‐molecular‐weight aggregates in the protein, and the aggregate percentage decreased with increasing sodium bisulfite concentration. Denaturation temperature of sodium‐bisulfite‐treated β‐conglycinin increased as sodium bisulfite increased. However, at high sodium bisulfite concentration (i.e. 36 g/L), denaturation enthalpy decreased significantly. Sodium bisulfite caused changes in the β‐conglycinin secondary structure and promoted ionization of lysine residues as indicated by FT‐IR results. A sudden drop in turbidity at pH 4.8 was observed at the same salt level. The contact angle of β‐conglycinin on cherry wood reached its minimum at 6 g/L sodium bisulfite and 24 g/L on glass. Water resistance of β‐conglycinin was improved but not significantly by 6 g/L sodium bisulfite at pH 9.5. An obvious increase in adhesion strength of the protein occurred at 3 and 6 g/L sodium bisulfite at pH 4.8. A high sodium bisulfite concentration at 36 g/L sharply reduced the adhesive performance of β‐conglycinin.
Measurement of Carotid Stenosis on Computed Tomographic Angiography: Reliability Depends on Postprocessing Technique
Authors: Howard Peter , Bartlett Eric S. , Symons Sean P. , Fox Allan J. , Aviv R.I. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose We previously demonstrated the validity of axial source (AxS) image quantification of computed tomographic angiography (CTA) visualized carotid stenosis. There is concern that AxS images may not accurately measure stenosis in patients with obliquely orientated stenosis and that measurements on axial oblique (AxO) multiplanar reformats (MPR), maximum intensity projections (MIP) images, or Doppler ultrasound (DUS) are superior. We tested the performance of AxS images against AxO MPRs, MIPs, and DUS techniques for stenosis quantification. Methods A total of 120 consecutive patients with CTA and DUS detected carotid disease were enrolled; carotids with occlusion, near occlusion, or stenosis <40% were excluded. Proximal and distal carotid diameters and North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial (NASCET) style ratios were measured independently by 2 neuroradiologists on AxS, AxO, and MIP images on separate occasions in a blinded protocol. Intra- and interobserver agreements were determined for all measurements. The performance of different image types to identify ≥70% stenosis was assessed against a NASCET-style reference standard. Results Intra- and interobserver reliabilities for stenosis measurements were higher for both AxS (interclass correlation coefficients [ICC], 0.87–0.93 and 0.84–0.89) and AxO images (ICCs, 0.82–0.89 and 0.86–0.92) than for MIPs (ICCs, 0.66–0.86 and 0.79–0.82), respectively. Intra- and interobserver agreements on the NASCET ratio tended to be lower than proximal stenosis measurements. AxS and AxO image proximal stenosis measurements most accurately distinguished patients with ≥70% stenosis (0.90), followed by DUS (0.83) and MIP images (0.76). Conclusions A single AxS image stenosis measurement was highly reproducible and accurate in the estimation of carotid stenosis, which precluded the need for AxO MPRs.
Extracardiac Findings in Cardiac Computed Tomographic Angiography in Patients at Low to Intermediate Risk for Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Venkatesh Vikram , You John J. , Landry David J. , Ellins Mary Lou , Sheth Tej 
Published: January 2010

Purpose To evaluate the prevalence, clinical significance, interobserver agreement, and follow-up of extracardiac findings on coronary computed tomographic angiography (CTA). Methods A prospectively recruited cohort of 80 patients at low to intermediate risk of having coronary artery disease underwent CTA with field of view imaging from lung apices to upper abdomen. Two staff radiologists read each scan independently. Scans read by reader no. 1 were read as part of routine clinical practice, and the findings were subsequently reclassified to potentially significant, as defined by requiring clinical or radiologic follow-up, and insignificant by a separate observer, whereas reader no. 2 retrospectively read and autonomously classified the findings as potentially significant or insignificant. Results Reader no. 1 found 7 potentially significant findings in 7 patients and 33 insignificant findings in 29 patients. Reader no. 2 found 10 potentially significant findings in 10 patients and 59 insignificant findings in 42 patients. Inter-rater agreement was moderate (kappa = 0.49; 95% confidence interval, 0.31–0.67) for the presence vs the absence of extracardiac findings and moderate (kappa = 0.52; 95% confidence interval, 0.15–0.89) for the presence of potentially significant extracardiac findings. The most common potentially significant finding was possibly malignant lung nodule ( n = 6 [reader 1], 4 [reader 2]). Four patients with potentially significant findings received follow-up imaging, and 1 patient underwent biopsy, which was complicated by pneumothorax. No diagnoses of malignancy were made. Conclusions Extracardiac findings are frequent and moderately reproducible, however, in this study, not associated with clinical benefit. Large prospective studies are required to establish whether reporting of extracardiac findings is associated with improved patient outcomes.
Dynamic Airway Evaluation with Volume CT: Initial Experience
Authors: Wagnetz Ute , Roberts Heidi C. , Chung Taebong , Patsios Demetris , Chapman Kenneth R. , Paul Narinder S. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose The purpose of the study was to prospectively establish the use of a novel multidetector computed tomography unit (MDCT) with 320 × 0.5 detector rows for the evaluation of tracheomalacia by using a dynamic expiratory low-dose technique. Methods Six adult patients (5 men, 1 woman; mean age, 53.7 years [37–70 years]) referred for a clinical suspicion of tracheomalacia were studied on a 320-row MDCT unit by using the following parameters: 120 kVp, 40–50 mA, 0.5-second gantry rotation, and z-axis coverage of 160 mm sufficient to cover the thoracic trachea to the proximal bronchi. Image acquisition occurred during a forceful exhalation. The image data set was subject to the following analyses: cross-sectional area of airway lumen at 4 predefined locations (thoracic inlet, aortic arch, carina, and bronchus intermedius) and measurement of airway volume. Results All 6 patients had evidence of tracheomalacia, the proximal trachea collapsed at a later phase of expiration (3–4 seconds) than the distal trachea (2–3 seconds). The most common region of airway collapse occurred at the level of the aortic arch (5/6 [83%]), Three patients (50%) had diffuse segmental luminal narrowing that involved the tracheobronchial tree. The radiation dose (estimated dose length product, computed tomography console) measured 293.9 mGy in 1 subject and 483.5 mGy in 5 patients. Conclusions Four-dimensional true isophasic and isovolumetric imaging of the central airways by using 320-row MDCT is a viable technique for the diagnosis of tracheomalacia; it provides a comprehensive assessment of airways dynamic.
Effects of soy diet on inflammation‐induced primary and secondary hyperalgesia in rat⋆
Authors: Borzan Jasenka , Tall Jill M. , Zhao Chengshui , Meyer Richard A. , Raja Srinivasa N. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractSoy consumption is said to prevent or treat atherosclerosis, cancer, pain, and memory deficits, but experimental and clinical evidence to support these claims are lacking. We used in vivo models of inflammation to determine whether a soy diet reduces primary or secondary hyperalgesia. In all three experiments, rats were fed either a soy‐ or casein‐based diet for at least 2 weeks before induction of inflammation and for the duration of experiments. Mechanical and heat paw withdrawal thresholds and edema were measured before and several times after induction of inflammation. Primary hyperalgesia was assessed in two models: unilateral intraplantar injection with 0.1 ml of 25% complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) or 0.1 ml of 1% carrageenan. Unilateral injection of the intra‐articular knee space with 25% CFA (0.1 ml) was used to determine the effects of soy in a model of secondary hyperalgesia. Following intraplantar injection of CFA, soy‐fed animals exhibited significantly less paw edema, mechanical allodynia, and heat hyperalgesia compared to casein‐fed animals. In the carrageenan model of paw inflammation, soy‐fed animals were also less allodynic to mechanical stimuli, than were casein‐fed animals, but showed no diet based differences in paw edema or heat hyperalgesia. Soy diet did not affect any of the outcome measures after the intra‐articular injection of CFA. Our results suggest that a soy diet significantly decreases aspects of inflammation‐induced primary, but not secondary, hyperalgesia in rats.
Anchoring unbound
Authors: Epley Nicholas , Gilovich Thomas 
Published: January 2010

AbstractAn attitudes and persuasion perspective can broaden our understanding of anchoring by highlighting sources of variability in anchoring effects that have been largely overlooked. As the target article suggests, research guided by this perspective can help identify (1) different types of anchors that exert their influence through different underlying mechanisms, 2) important social psychological moderators of anchoring effects, and 3) sources of variability in the consequences of anchoring for judgment and choice. In this commentary, we take an even broader perspective on the types of anchors that are likely to influence judgment, suggesting four potentially distinct types—intuitive approximations, best/worst case scenarios, environmental suggestions, and magnitude priming. We conclude by discussing how an attitudes and persuasion perspective on anchoring may provide novel insights into the moderators and consequences of anchoring effects in everyday life.
Chronische Erkrankungen – Epidemiologische Entwicklung und die Bedeutung für die Öffentliche Gesundheit
Authors: Scheidt-Nave Christa 
Published: January 2010

Einleitung
Auch heute sind akute, lebensbedrohliche Infektionserkrankungen nach wie vor eine große Gefahr für die öffentliche Gesundheit. Dennoch dominieren chronische Erkrankungen, die mittlerweile sowohl übertragbare als auch nicht-übertragbare Gesundheitsprobleme einschließen, inzwischen in weiten Teilen der Welt die Todesursachenstatistik und haben erhebliche sozioökonomische Folgen durch verlorene Lebensjahre, Arbeitsunfähigkeit, krankheitsbedingte Fehlzeiten und Pflegebedürftigkeit.
Zusammenhang von gesundheitsbezogener Lebensqualität und Multimorbidität bei älteren Personen
Authors: Hodek Jan-Marc , Greiner Wolfgang 
Published: January 2010

Einleitung
Die veränderte Morbiditätssituation westlicher Industrienationen führt zu neuen Anforderungen an die Gesundheitsversorgung. Im Gegensatz zur vollständigen Heilung stehen deshalb zunehmend die Linderung von Beschwerden und damit die Sicherstellung der Lebensqualität im Zentrum der Bemühungen. Es gilt zu untersuchen, inwiefern die Anzahl (chronischer) Erkrankungen sowie deren Kombination bzw. synergetisches Zusammenwirken Auswirkungen auf die Lebensqualität eines Patienten haben.
Auswirkungen des Morbi-RSA auf Kassenhandeln
Authors: Göpffarth Dirk 
Published: January 2010

Einleitung
Zeitgleich mit der Einführung des Gesundheitsfonds wurde der Risikostrukturausgleich (RSA) in der Gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung (GKV) zum morbiditätsorientierten RSA weiterentwickelt. Der Gesetzgeber hat damit das Ziel verfolgt, den Solidarausgleich in der GKV zu unterstützen und den Krankenkassen Anreize zur Versorgung chronisch Kranker zu geben. Allerdings wurde der Morbi-RSA auf 80 Krankheiten beschränkt. Es stellt sich die Frage, ob die Ziele erreicht werden und wie die Beschränkung des berücksichtigten Krankheitsspektrums wirkt.