bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Zinc(II) on the Luminescence of Europium(III) in Complexes Containing β‐Diketone and Schiff Bases
Authors: Hasegawa Yuko , Saitou Shuhei , Tamaki Sayaka , Yajima Hirofumi , Tadokoro Makoto 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe UV, excitation, and luminescence spectra of tris(pivaloyltrifluoroacetonato)europium(III) ([Eu(pta)3]; Hpta=1,1,1‐trifluoro‐5,5‐dimethylhexane‐2,4‐dione=HA) were measured in the presence of bis(salicylidene)trimethylenediamine (H2saltn), bis[5‐(tert‐butyl)salicylidene]trimethylenediamine (H2(tBu)saltn), or bis(salicylidene)cyclohexane‐1,2‐diyldiamine (H2salchn), and the corresponding ZnII complexes [ZnB] (B=Schiff base). The excitation and luminescence spectra of the solution containing [Eu(pta)3] and [Zn(salchn)] exhibited much stronger intensities than those of solutions containing the other [ZnB] complexes. The introduction of a tBu group into the Schiff base was not effective in sensitizing the luminescence of [Eu(pta)3]. The luminescence spectrum of [ZnB] showed a band around 450 nm. The intensity decreased in the presence of [Eu(pta)3], reflecting complexation between [Eu(pta)3] and [ZnB]. On the basis of the change in intensity against the concentration of [ZnB], stability constants were determined for [Eu(pta)3Zn(saltn)], [Eu(pta)3Zn{(tBu)saltn}], and [Eu(pta)3Zn(salchn)] as 4.13, 4.9 and 5.56, respectively (log $\rm{\overline \beta }$, where $\rm{\overline \beta }$=[[Eu(pta)3ZnB]]([[Eu(pta)3]][[ZnB]])−1). The quantum yields of these binuclear complexes were determined as 0.15, 0.11, and 0.035, although [Eu(pta)3Zn(salchn)] revealed the strongest luminescence at 613 nm. The results of X‐ray diffraction analysis for [Eu(pta)3Zn(saltn)] showed that ZnII had a coordination number of five and was bridged with EuIII by three donor O‐atoms, i.e., two from the salicylidene moieties and one from the ketonato group pta.
Luminescent Soft Material: Two New Europium‐Based Ionic Liquids
Authors: Tang Sifu , Cybinska Joanna , Mudring Anja‐Verena 
Published: November 2009

AbstractTwo new Eu‐based ionic liquid systems, [C4mim][DTSA] : [Eu(DTSA)3] and 2[C4mim] [DTSA] : [Eu(DTSA)3] were synthesized at 120° under inert conditions from 1‐butyl‐1‐methylimidazolium ditoluenesulfonylamide ([C4mim][DTSA]). The identity and purity of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by elemental analysis, IR, Raman, and 1H‐NMR spectroscopy. As they solidify below 100° as glasses they qualify as ionic liquids. Fluorescence measurements show that the materials exhibit a strong red luminescence of high color purity. Therefore, they have the potential to be used for optical applications such as in emission displays.
Minocycline‐Based Europium(III) Chelate Complexes: Synthesis, Luminescent Properties, and Labeling to Streptavidin
Authors: Nishioka Takuya , Yamamoto Yuji , Hashino Kimikazu , Matsumoto Kazuko 
Published: November 2009

AbstractTwo chelate ligands for europium(III) having minocycline (=(4S,4aS,5aR,12aS)‐4,7‐bis(dimethylamino)‐1,4,4a,5,5a,6,11,12a‐octahydro‐3,10,12,12a‐tetrahydroxy‐1,11‐dioxonaphthacene‐2‐carboxamide; 5) as a VIS‐light‐absorbing group were synthesized as possible VIS‐light‐excitable stable Eu3+ complexes for protein labeling. The 9‐amino derivative 7 of minocycline was treated with H6TTHA (=triethylenetetraminehexaacetic acid=3,6,9,12‐tetrakis(carboxymethyl)‐3,6,9,12‐tetraazatetradecanedioic acid) or H5DTPA (=diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid=N,N‐bis{2‐[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl}glycine) to link the polycarboxylic acids to minocycline. One of the Eu3+ chelates, [Eu3+(minocycline‐TTHA)] (13), is moderately luminescent in H2O by excitation at 395 nm, whereas [Eu3+(minocycline‐DTPA)] (9) was not luminescent by excitation at the same wavelength. The luminescence and the excitation spectra of [Eu3+(minocycline‐TTHA)] (13) showed that, different from other luminescent EuIII chelate complexes, the emission at 615 nm is caused via direct excitation of the Eu3+ ion, and the chelate ligand is not involved in the excitation of Eu3+. However, the ligand seems to act for the prevention of quenching of the Eu3+ emission by H2O. The fact that the excitation spectrum of [Eu3+(minocycline‐TTHA)] is almost identical with the absorption spectrum of Eu3+ aqua ion supports such an excitation mechanism. The high stability of the complexes of [Eu3+(minocycline‐DTPA)] (9) and [Eu3+(minocycline‐TTHA)] (13) was confirmed by UV‐absorption semi‐quantitative titrations of H4(minocycline‐DTPA) (8) and H5(minocycline‐TTHA) (12) with Eu3+. The titrations suggested also that an 1 : 1 ligand Eu3+ complex is formed from 12, whereas an 1 : 2 complex was formed from 8 minocycline‐DTPA. The H5(minocycline‐TTHA) (12) was successfully conjugated to streptavidin (SA) (Scheme 5), and thus the applicability of the corresponding Eu3+ complex to label a protein was established.
Synthesis and Relaxometric Properties of Gadolinium(III) Complexes of New Triazine‐Based Polydentate Ligands
Authors: Tei Lorenzo , Benzi Marina , Kielar Filip , Botta Mauro , Cavallotti Camilla , Giovenzana Giovanni Battista , Aime Silvio 
Published: November 2009

AbstractTwo new derivatives based on an s‐triazine structural motif were synthesized by attaching two 2,2′‐hydrazinylidenebis[acetic acid] moieties to the triazine ring to reach an overall heptadenticity for the complexation of lanthanide(III) cations. The remaining reactive site was exploited for the substitution with a functionizable amino group (see H4L1) and a lipophilic moiety (see H4L2). Luminescence‐lifetime determinations revealed the presence of a single H2O molecule coordinated for [Eu(L1)]. A complete 1H‐NMR relaxometric study was carried out for the octacoordinated [Gd(L1)] and [Gd(L2)] complexes. A remarkably long H2O residence lifetime (298τM=5.2 μs) was found by 17O‐NMR in the case of [Gd(L1)]. Micelle formation of the lipophilic complex [Gd(L2)] was evidenced, the critical micellization concentration (cmc) determined, and relaxometric properties of the system investigated.
Homo‐ and Heterovalent Polynuclear Cerium and Cerium/Manganese Aggregates
Authors: Mereacre Valeriu , Ako Ayuk M. , Akhtar Muhammad Nadeem , Lindemann Anja , Anson Christopher E. , Powell Annie K. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractReactions of CeIII(NO3)3⋅6 H2O or (NH4)2[CeIV(NO3)6] with Mn‐containing starting materials result in seven novel polynuclear Ce or Ce/Mn complexes with pivalato (tBuCO$\rm{{_{2}^{-}}}$) and, in most cases, auxiliary N,O‐ or N,O,O‐donor ligands. With nuclearities ranging from 6–14, the compounds present aesthetically pleasing structures. Complexes [CeIV6(μ3‐O)4(μ3‐OH)4(μ‐O2CtBu)12] (1), [CeIV6MnIII4(μ4‐O)4(μ3‐O)4(O2CtBu)12(ea)4(OAc)4]⋅4 H2O⋅4 MeCN (ea−=2‐aminoethanolato; 2), [CeIV6MnIII8(μ4‐O)4(μ3‐O)8(pye)4(O2CtBu)18]2[CeIV6(μ3‐O)4(μ3‐OH)4(O2CtBu)10(NO3)4] [CeIII(NO3)5(H2O)]⋅21 MeCN (pye−=pyridine‐2‐ethanolato; 3), and [CeIV6CeIII2MnIII2(μ4‐O)4(μ3‐O)4(tbdea)2(O2CtBu)12(NO3)2(OAc)2]⋅4 CH2Cl2 (tbdea2−=2,2′‐(tert‐butylimino]bis[ethanolato]; 4) all contain structures based on an octahedral {CeIV6(μ3‐O)8} core, in which many of the O‐atoms are either protonated to give (μ3‐OH)− hydroxo ligands or coordinate to further metal centers (MnIII or CeIII) to give interstitial (μ4‐O)2− oxo bridges. The decanuclear complex [CeIV8CeIIIMnIII(μ4‐O)3(μ3‐O)3(μ3‐OH)2(μ‐OH)(bdea)4(O2CtBu)9.5(NO3)3.5(OAc)2]⋅1.5 MeCN (bdea2−=2,2′‐(butylimino]bis[ethanolato]; 5) contains a rather compact CeIV7 core with the CeIII and MnIII centers well‐separated from each other on the periphery. The aggregate in [CeIV4MnIV2(μ3‐O)4(bdea)2(O2CtBu)10(NO3)2]⋅4 MeCN (6) is based on a quasi‐planar {MnIV2CeIV4(μ3‐O)4} core made up of four edge‐sharing {MnIVCeIV2(μ3‐O)} or {CeIV3(μ3‐O)} triangles. The structure of [CeIV3MnIV4MnIII(μ4‐O)2(μ3‐O)7(O2CtBu)12(NO3)(furan)]⋅6 H2O (7⋅6 H2O) can be considered as {MnIV2CeIV2O4} and distorted {MnIV2MnIIICeIVO4} cubane units linked through a central (μ4‐O) bridge. The Ce6Mn8 equals the highest nuclearity yet reported for a heterometallic Ce/Mn aggregate. In contrast to most of the previously reported heterometallic Ce/Mn systems, which contain only CeIV and either MnIV or MnIII, some of the aggregates presented here show mixed valency, either MnIV/MnIII (see 7) or CeIV/CeIII (see 4 and 5). Interestingly, some of the compounds, including the heterovalent CeIV/CeIII 4, could be obtained from either CeIII(NO3)3⋅6 H2O or (NH4)2[CeIV(NO3)6] as starting material.
Optimized reservoir operation to balance human and riverine ecosystem needs: model development, and a case study for the Tanghe reservoir, Tang river basin, China
Authors: Yin Xinan , Yang Zhifeng , Yang Wei , Zhao Yanwei , Chen He 
Published: November 2009

AbstractReservoirs impose many negative impacts on riverine ecosystems. To balance human and ecosystem needs, we propose a reservoir operation method that combines reservoir operating rule curves with the regulated minimum water release policy to meet the environmental flow requirements of riverine ecosystems. Based on the relative positions of the reservoir and the water intakes, we consider three scenarios: water used for human needs (including industrial, domestic and agricultural) is directly withdrawn from (1) the reservoir; (2) both reservoirs and downstream river channels and (3) downstream river. The proposed method offers two advantages over traditional methods: First, it can be applied to finding the optimal reservoir operating rule curves with the consideration of environmental flow requirement, which is beneficial to the sustainable water uses. Second, it avoids a problem with traditional approaches, which prescribe the minimum environmental flow requirements as the regulated minimum environmental flow releases from reservoirs, implicitly giving lower priority to the riverine ecosystem. Our method instead determines the optimal regulated minimum releases of water to sustain environmental flows while more effectively balancing human and ecosystem needs. To demonstrate practical use of the model, we present a case study for operation of the Tanghe reservoir in China's Tang river basin for the three above‐mentioned scenarios. The results demonstrate that this approach will help the reservoir's managers satisfy both human and environmental requirements. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Lithological controls on biological activity and groundwater chemistry in Quaternary sediments
Authors: Bartlett Rebecca , Bottrell Simon H. , Sinclair Karen , Thornton Steve , Fielding Ian D. , Hatfield Dave 
Published: November 2009

AbstractDepth profiles of solute chemistry and sulfate isotopic compositions are presented for groundwater and pore water in a sequence of Quaternary glacial outwash sediments. Sand units show evidence for hydraulic connection to the surface and thus modern sources of solutes. Finer‐grained sediments show a general pattern of increasing solute concentrations with depth, with sulfate derived from ancient rainwater and pyrite oxidation in the soil/drift. In these sediments sulfate has undergone bacterial sulfate reduction (BSR) to produce biogenic sulfide. In clay sediments, with d10 ≤ 1·6 µm, high concentrations of sulfate and acetate now co‐exist, implying that BSR is inhibited. The correlation with smaller sediment grain size indicates that this is due to pore size exclusion of the sulfate reducing bacteria. Mechanical restriction of microbial function thus provides a fundamental limitation on microbial respiration in buried clay‐rich sediments, which acts as a control on the chemical evolution of their pore waters. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hexabromocyclododecane decreases tumor‐cell‐binding capacity and cell‐surface protein expression of human natural killer cells
Authors: Hinkson Natasha C. , Whalen Margaret M. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractHexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) is a flame retardant that decreases the lytic function of human natural killer (NK) cells. NK cells defend against tumor cells and virally infected cells. Thus, HBCD has the potential to increase cancer incidence and viral infections. NK cells must bind to their targets for lysis to occur. Thus, concentrations of HBCD that decrease lytic function were examined for their ability to alter NK binding to tumor targets. Levels of HBCD that caused a loss of binding function were examined for effects on expression of cell surface proteins needed for binding. NK cells exposed to HBCD for 24 h, 48 h or 6 days or to HBCD for 1 h followed by 24 h, 48 h or 6 days in HBCD‐free media were examined for binding function and cell surface protein expression. The results indicated that exposure of NK cells to 10 μM HBCD for 24 h (which caused a greater than 90% loss of lytic function) caused a very significant decrease in NK cell binding function (70.9%), and in CD16 and CD56 cell‐surface protein expression (57.8 and 24.6% respectively). NK cells exposed to 10 μM HBCD for 1 h followed by 24 h in HBCD‐free media (which caused a 89.3% loss of lytic function) showed decreased binding function (79.2%), and CD 16 expression (48.1%). Results indicate that HBCD exposures decreased binding function as well as cell‐surface marker expression in NK cells and that these changes may explain the losses of lytic function induced by certain HBCD exposures. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluation of lead exposure in battery‐manufacturing workers with focus on different biomarkers
Authors: Kašuba Vilena , Rozgaj Ružica , Milić Mirta , Želježić Davor , Kopjar Nevenka , Pizent Alica , Kljaković‐Gašpić Zorana 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe influence of exposure to lead on the frequency of micronuclei (MN), nuclear buds and nucleoplasmatic bridges was investigated in peripheral blood lymphocytes in 15 male battery‐manufacturing workers and 15 controls matched for age and smoking habits. In addition to MN test, blood lead (B‐Pb) and cadmium (B‐Cd), delta aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) activity, erythrocyte protoporphyrin (EP), serum vitamin B12 (S‐Vit B12) and folate (S‐folate) were determined in all subjects. Lead‐exposed subjects had significantly higher MN frequency and B‐Pb concentrations than controls. In control smokers we found a significant negative correlation between B‐Pb concentration and frequency of nucleoplasmatic bridges, and nuclear division index. In control non‐smokers a significant positive correlation was observed only between age and nuclear buds frequency, and between S‐folate and B‐Pb level. In lead exposed smokers, significant positive correlations between MN frequency and S‐Vit B12, S‐folate, and nuclear buds frequency were found. A positive correlation in exposed smokers was also found between nuclear buds frequency and S‐Vit B12 concentration. A negative correlation was found between ALAD and EP, and B‐Pb in exposed smokers. Exposed non‐smokers showed significant negative correlation between MN frequency and B‐Cd, and ALAD and EP. The results indicate a genotoxicity of lead, pointing to a micronucleus assay as a relevant test for assessing genotoxic effects resulting from occupational exposure. The other indicators did not necessarily follow the results of THE MN test. Influence of smoking should be further investigated. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ochratoxin A: is it present in breast milk samples obtained from mothers from Ankara, Turkey?
Authors: Gürbay A. , Girgin G. , Sabuncuoǧlu S. Atasayar , Şahin G. , Yurdakök M. , Yiǧit Ş. , Tekinalp G. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractBreast feeding is very important in the first year of life. However, breast milk may be contaminated with many residues of xenobiotics and naturally occuring toxins such as mycotoxins. Ochratoxin A (OTA) is one of mycotoxins that may play a causative role in some diseases seen in neonates. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to determine OTA levels in breast milk samples. For this purpose breast milk samples were collected from 75 mothers. Their babies were in‐patients in the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, in Ankara, Turkey. All samples were stored at −20 °C until analysis. Following an extraction procedure, OTA levels were determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Mean coefficient values for within‐day and between‐day variations of the method were 7.3 and 4.9%, respectively. The detection limit of the method was found to be 10 ng l−1. The recovery percentage of OTA was 91.70 and 136.6 for two different concentrations added to breast milk samples. OTA was found in all samples tested in the range of 620.87–13111.30 ng l−1. Considering potential hazard of OTA to human health, and especially the vulnerability of infants, the present data suggest the necessity of further research on OTA in Turkey, either monitoring its levels in biological fluids and foods or evolving protection strategies. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In vivo skin optical clearing by glycerol solutions: mechanism
Authors: Wen Xiang , Mao Zongzhen , Han Zhenzhen , Tuchin Valery V. , Zhu* Dan 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe penetration of light in biological tissues can be enhanced by using optical‐clearing techniques. However, researches on the mechanism are limited to in vitro experiments. In this study, rat dorsal skin was used to discuss the mechanism for in vivo optical clearing. Glycerol solutions with different concentrations were applied by dermal injection; then the skin reflectance spectrum, SHG imaging and microstructural changes were monitored. The results showed that with the skin becoming transparent, the corresponding reflectance decreased, and the thickness of dermis and diameter of collagen fibril decreased, but no collagen fiber was dissolved or fractured. Hence, it can be concluded that the thickness decrease of dermis and corresponding more regular packing of tissue fibers plays an important role in the mechanism for glycerol‐induced optical clearing of skin in vivo. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Adolescent eating disorders: treatment and response in a naturalistic study
Authors: Thompson‐Brenner Heather , Boisseau Christina L. , Satir Dana A. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThis naturalistic study investigated the treatment and outcome of adolescents with eating disorders (EDs) in the community. Clinicians from a practice‐research network provided data on ED symptoms, global functioning, comorbidity, treatment, and outcome for 120 adolescents with EDs. ED “not otherwise specified” was the most common ED diagnosed. After an average of 8 months of treatment, about one third of patients had recovered, with patients with anorexia nervosa showing the most improvement. Clinicians utilized a range of psychotherapy interventions and two thirds of the patients had received adjunct psychoactive medication. Although CBT showed the strongest association with outcome in a subsample characterized by poor relational/personality functioning, dynamic therapy was associated with better global outcome in the overall sample. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 66: 277–301, 2010.
Fermentation of glucose and starch particles using an inexpensive medium
Authors: Bawa Nancy , Bear Devin , Hill Gordon , Niu Catherine , Roesler William 
Published: November 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: In North America, compared with sugar, starch is a more economical raw material to produce ethanol. Recently low temperature processing of starch granules directly to ethanol has been commercialized. With a view to minimizing process costs while maintaining a satisfactory ethanol yield, an inexpensive medium that does not require the addition of commercial α‐amylase has been developed for low temperature, direct fermentation of starch particles.RESULTS: Compared with an expensive medium that contained both yeast extract and α‐amylase, the inexpensive medium resulted in identical and 10% higher ethanol yields using glucose and starch granules as the raw substrates, respectively, but required longer processing times. Based on the different ingredient prices for expensive and inexpensive media, the operating cost to produce 10 million litres per year of ethanol utilizing simultaneous raw starch hydrolysis and fermentation is reduced over $ 2 million (Cdn) per year when using inexpensive medium.CONCLUSION: The new inexpensive medium and simultaneous raw starch hydrolysis and fermentation is considered the best strategy to produce ethanol directly from starch particles in North America. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Development of an optimized protocol for studying the interaction of filamentous bacteriophage with mammalian cells by fluorescence microscopy
Authors: Abbineni Gopal , Safiejko‐Mroczka Barbara , Mao Chuanbin 
Published: November 2009

AbstractFilamentous bacteriophage has been proposed as a vehicle that can carry and deliver therapeutics into mammalian cells for disease treatment, thus a protocol for imaging phage‐cell interaction is essential. Because high signal intensity is necessary to study the mechanism of interaction between filamentous bacteriophage and mammalian cells, it is important to optimize the procedure for fluorescence labeling of phage in order to understand such interaction. Here, we describe a procedure that gives intense fluorescence labeling and can show interactions between fd‐tet bacteriophage selected from phage libraries and mammalian cells (SKBR‐3 and MCF‐10A). The indirect labeling of phage with dye‐conjugated antibody and cytoskeleton associated proteins was significantly enhanced in the presence of a cross‐linking reagent called dithiobissuccinimidylpropionate (DSP) as shown by qualitative and quantitative fluorescence microscopy. The use of DSP resulted in high signal intensity in fluorescence imaging of phage‐cell complex. The DSP cross‐linker is believed to preserve soluble unbound proteins for fluorescence imaging. The interaction between the phage and mammalian cells was further confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Microstructure and mineral composition of dental enamel of permanent and deciduous teeth
Authors: De Menezes Oliveira Maria Angélica Hueb , Torres Carolina Paes , Gomes‐Silva Jaciara Miranda , Chinelatti Michelle Alexandra , De Menezes Fernando Carlos Hueb , Palma‐Dibb Regina Guenka , Borsatto Maria Cristina 
Published: November 2009

AbstractPurpose: This study evaluated and compared in vitro the microstructure and mineral composition of permanent and deciduous teeth's dental enamel. Methods: Sound third molars (n = 12) and second primary molars (n = 12) were selected and randomly assigned to the following groups, according to the analysis method performed (n = 4): Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐Ray diffraction (XRD) and Energy dispersive X‐ray spectrometer (EDS). Qualitative and quantitative comparisons of the dental enamel were done. The microscopic findings were analyzed statistically by a nonparametric test (Kruskal‐Wallis). The measurements of the prisms number and thickness were done in SEM photomicrographs. The relative amounts of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) were determined by EDS investigation. Chemical phases present in both types of teeth were observed by the XRD analysis. Results: The mean thickness measurements observed in the deciduous teeth enamel was 1.14 mm and in the permanent teeth enamel was 2.58 mm. The mean rod head diameter in deciduous teeth was statistically similar to that of permanent teeth enamel, and a slightly decrease from the outer enamel surface to the region next to the enamel‐dentine junction was assessed. The numerical density of enamel rods was higher in the deciduous teeth, mainly near EDJ, that showed statistically significant difference. The percentage of Ca and P was higher in the permanent teeth enamel. Conclusions: The primary enamel structure showed a lower level of Ca and P, thinner thickness and higher numerical density of rods. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.