bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Osteoporosis in ankylosing spondylitis - prevalence, risk factors and methods of assessment
Authors: Klingberg Eva , Lorentzon Mattias , Mellström Dan , Geijer Mats , Göthlin Jan , Hilme Elisabet , Hedberg Martin , Carlsten Hans , Forsblad-d'Elia Helena 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
Introduction
Osteoporosis can be a complication of ankylosing spondylitis (AS), but diagnosing spinal osteoporosis can be difficult since pathologic new bone formation interferes with the assessment of the bone mineral density (BMD). The aims of the current study were to investigate prevalence and risk factors for reduced BMD in a Swedish cohort of AS patients, and to examine how progressive ankylosis influences BMD with the use of dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) of the lumbar spine in different projections.

Methods
Methods of assessment were questionnaires, back mobility tests, blood samples, lateral spine radiographs for syndesmophyte grading (mSASSS), DXA of the hip, radius and lumbar spine in anteroposterior (AP) and lateral projections with estimation of volumetric BMD (vBMD).

Results
AS patients (modified New York criteria), 87 women and 117 men, mean age 50 ± 13 years and disease duration 15 ± 11 years were included. According to World Health Organization (WHO) criteria 21% osteoporosis and 44% osteopenia was diagnosed in patients > = 50 years. Under age 50 BMD below expected range for age was found in 5%. Interestingly lateral lumbar DXA showed significantly lower BMD and revealed significantly more cases with osteoporosis as compared with AP DXA. Lumbar vBMD was not different between sexes, but women had significantly more lumbar osteoporosis measured with AP DXA (P < 0.001). Men had significantly higher mSASSS (P < 0.001). Low BMD was associated with high age, disease duration, mSASSS, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index (BASMI), inflammatory parameters and low body mass index (BMI). Increasing mSASSS correlated significantly with decreasing lateral and volumetric lumbar BMD, while AP lumbar BMD showed tendency to increase.

Conclusions
Osteoporosis and osteopenia is common in AS and associated with high disease burden. Lateral and volumetric lumbar DXA are more sensitive than AP DXA in detecting osteoporosis and are less affected by syndesmophyte formation.
Chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 5 plays a tumor suppressor role in human breast cancer
Authors: Wu Xiao , Zhu Zhengmao , Li Weidong , Fu Xiaoying , Su Dan , Fu Liya , Zhang Zhiqian , Luo Ang , Sun Xiaodong , Fu Li , Dong Jin-Tang 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
Introduction
The chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 5 (CHD5) has recently been identified as a tumor suppressor in a mouse model. The CHD5 locus at 1p36 is deleted, and its mutation has been detected in breast cancer. We, therefore, evaluated whether CHD5 plays a role in human breast cancer.

Methods
We screened mutations in 55 tumors, determined promoter methylation in 39 tumors, measured RNA expression in 90 tumors, analyzed protein expression in 289 tumors, and correlated expression changes with clinicopathological characteristics of breast cancer. Functional effects of CHD5 on cell proliferation, invasion and tumorigenesis were also tested.

Results
Although only one mutation was detected, CHD5 mRNA expression was significantly reduced, accompanied by frequent genomic deletion and promoter methylation, in breast cancer. The extent of methylation was significantly associated with reduced mRNA expression, and demethylating treatment restored CHD5 expression. Lower CHD5 mRNA levels correlated with lymph node metastasis (P = 0.026). CHD5 protein expression was also reduced in breast cancer, and lack of CHD5 expression significantly correlated with higher tumor stage, ER/PR-negativity, HER2 positivity, distant metastasis and worse patient survival (P ≤ 0.01). Functionally, ectopic expression of CHD5 in breast cancer cells inhibited cell proliferation and invasion in vitro and tumorigenesis in nude mice. Consistent with the inhibition of invasion, CHD5 down-regulated mesenchymal markers vimentin, N-cadherin and ZEB1 in breast cancer cells.

Conclusion
Down-regulation of CHD5, mediated at least in part by promoter methylation, contributes to the development and progression of human breast cancer.
Heterogeneity in composition of mouse uterine natural killer cell granules
Authors: Lima Patrícia D A , Croy Barbara A , Degaki Karina Y , Tayade Chandrakant , Yamada Áureo T 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
Pregnancy-associated mouse uNK cells constitutively secrete Vegfa from vesicles, and have the capability for induced secretion of Gzma from secretory, and perforin from secretorylysosome granules.
uNK cells differ from cNK cells, as they produce angiogenic molecules critical for normal implantation site development. We evaluated heterogeneity among DBA+uNK cells for Prf, Gzma, and Vegfa. Ctsd and Srgn expression was used to assign intracellular sorting of these molecules on gd7, -9, and -14. Vegfa was present in small, granule-free DBA+uNK cells at gd7 and in large, granule-rich DBA+uNK cells at gd9 and -14. Prf and Gzma were only found in granulated DBA+uNK cells (gd9 and -14). All granule-rich Prf+DBA+uNK cells appeared to coexpress Vegfa. Thus, all DBA+uNK cells were Vegfa-producing cells. PC analysis and immunogold ultrastructure confirmed colocalization of Prf/Ctsd in secretory-lysosome granules (PC&gt;0.5). Surprisingly, Gzma and Prf+Ctsd+ were not colocalized (PC&lt;0.5). Rather, Gzma colocalized with Srgn (PC&gt;0.5) in small granules in cells with Vegfa expression (PC&lt;0.5). NK1.1+sNK cells and DBA+uNK cells expressed genes regulating vesicular traffic (rab11, rab27a, snap23, vamp7), but uNK cells also expressed rab34 and vamp8, molecules associated with constitutive secretion. SEE activated the regulated secretory pathway of DBA+uNK cells in vivo, mobilizing Prf and Gzma but not Vegfa. Thus, DBA+uNK cells display constitutive and regulated secretion. Further, these results demonstrate that granule-free DBA+uNK cells are not quiescent immature cells, but they are cells with potentially significant angiogenic roles before and in addition to their initiation of spiral arterial remodeling.
Hypergravity disruption of homeorhetic adaptations to lactation in rat dams include changes in circadian clocks
Authors: Casey Theresa , Zakrzewska Elzbieta I. , Maple Rhonda L. , Lintault Laura , Wade Charles E. , Baer Lisa A. , Ronca April E. , Plaut Karen 
Published: May 2012

Summary
Altered gravity load induced by spaceflight (microgravity) and centrifugation (hypergravity) is associated with changes in circadian, metabolic, and reproductive systems. Exposure to 2-g hypergravity (HG) during pregnancy and lactation decreased rate of mammary metabolic activity and increased pup mortality. We hypothesize HG disrupted maternal homeorhetic responses to pregnancy and lactation are due to changes in maternal metabolism, hormone concentrations, and maternal behavior related to gravity induced alterations in circadian clocks. Effect of HG exposure on mammary, liver and adipose tissue metabolism, plasma hormones and maternal behavior were analyzed in rat dams from mid-pregnancy (Gestational day [G]11) through early lactation (Postnatal day [P]3); comparisons were made across five time-points: G20, G21, P0 (labor and delivery), P1 and P3. Blood, mammary, liver, and adipose tissue were collected for analyzing plasma hormones, glucose oxidation to CO2 and incorporation into lipids, or gene expression. Maternal behavioral phenotyping was conducted using time-lapse videographic analyses. Dam and fetal-pup body mass were significantly reduced in HG in all age groups. HG did not affect labor and delivery; however, HG pups experienced a greater rate of mortality. PRL, corticosterone, and insulin levels and receptor genes were altered by HG. Mammary, liver and adipose tissue metabolism and expression of genes that regulate lipid metabolism were altered by HG exposure. Exposure to HG significantly changed expression of core clock genes in mammary and liver and circadian rhythms of maternal behavior. Gravity load alterations in dam's circadian system may have impacted homeorhetic adaptations needed for a successful lactation.
Pseudohyperkalemia from a Pneumatic Tube Transport System: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Kotla Sumankrishna , Makhoul Samer , Gonzalez Luis 
Published: May 2012

Objective To report a case of pseudohyperkalemia due to a pneumatic tube transport system. Case Summary A 75-year-old male presented to the emergency medicine department with chest pain and intermittent vision loss over the previous 2 days. Laboratory studies revealed a potassium value of 9.6 mEq/L and a white blood cell (WBC) count of 262 × 109/L. An electrocardiogram did not reveal changes consistent with hyperkalemia. Emergent treatment for the hyperkalemia was instituted. Repeat plasma potassium values obtained after treatment for the hyperkalemia remained significantly elevated. It was eventually recognized that the hyperkalemia was due to the combination of undiagnosed leukemia causing a significantly elevated WBC count and transport of the patient's specimen to the laboratory via a pneumatic tube transport system. Manual transport of the specimen to the laboratory repeatedly revealed normal or hypokalemic values. Discussion Hyperkalemia is a potentially fatal electrolyte abnormality that must be differentiated from pseudohyperkalemia. Pseudohyperkalemia is defined as a spurious elevation of potassium levels usually due to mechanical trauma during venipuncture resulting in hemolysis and release of potassium from the cellular elements of blood. Pneumatic tube transport systems should be listed in the scientific literature as another potential cause of pseudohyperkalemia, especially in patients with high WBC and/or platelet counts. Conclusion Pharmacists and other health care providers should be aware of pneumatic tube transport systems potentially causing pseudohyperkalemia, because regular treatments for hyperkalemia for this problem may cause patient harm.
Adrenal Insufficiency in the Term and Preterm Neonate
Authors: Witt Catherine 
Published: May 2012

The adrenal gland is part of the endocrine system and produces hormones that are essential for survival. The adrenal cortex, the largest part of the adrenal gland, produces three major hormones. Glucocorticoids regulate metabolism of glucose, protein, and fat and allow the body to respond to stress by increasing blood glucose levels and cardiac output. Mineralocorticoids regulate fluid and electrolyte balance and help maintain blood pressure. Androgens are responsible for sexual differentiation in the fetus.Insufficient production of these hormones can occur for many reasons and can have a profound effect on the newborn. It is important for neonatal nurses to be familiar with signs and symptoms and appropriate treatment of adrenal insufficiency. This article explores causes, signs and symptoms, and treatment of adrenal insufficiency in the newborn.
Development of Father-Infant Attachment in Fathers of Preterm Infants
Authors: Sullivan Jennifer 
Published: May 2012

Purpose:To investigate the development of feelings of attachment between fathers and their preterm infants and to identify factors that help or hinder this process.Design:A longitudinal descriptive design was used to obtain fathers!’ perceptions of their infants, feelings for their infants, and other related factors.Sample:A convenience sample of 27 fathers of preterm infants was recruited.Main Outcome Variable:The main outcome variable was the time at which fathers first held their infants.Results:The earlier fathers held their babies, the sooner they reported feelings of warmth and love for them.
Saline for Peripheral Intravenous Locks in Neonates: Evaluating a Change in Practice
Authors: Sueppel Hanrahan Kirsten , Kleiber Charmaine , Berends Susan 
Published: May 2012

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of saline versus 10 units/ml heparin for peripheral IV flushes in neonates.Design: A nonexperimental group design was used to compare the longevity of heparin and saline IV locks. A research utilization method was chosen to increase the study power while simultaneously implementing a practice change and evaluating the outcomes. Power analysis showed that a sample size of approximately 120 per group was needed to decrease the risk of beta error to 0.1.Sample: Subjects included neonates in the Special Care Nurseries at a Level III large midwestern university teaching hospital. Data were collected from a convenience sample of 123 neonates receiving 10 units/ml heparin flush into a peripheral IV. Practice was then changed to preservative- free normal saline, and data collection continued for 117 neonates.Main Outcome Variable: IV catheter longevity.Results: There was no significant statistical difference in IV catheter longevity between IV locks flushed with 10 units/ml heparin and those flushed with normal saline. Patient weight accounted for a significant proportion of the variance in IV catheter life.
Total Colonic Aganglionosis: A Case Study
Authors: Markham Lori 
Published: May 2012

Total colonic aganglionosis (TCA) is a rare, hybrid form of Hirschsprung’s disease. It is a functional rather than mechanical obstruction, characterized by the absence of intrinsic ganglion cells in the myenteric and submucosal plexuses of the bowel wall. Ganglion cells regulate normal colonic peristaltic activity. Paucity of ganglion cells results in an aganglionic segment of bowel that is functionally abnormal and does not propagate the normal peristaltic wave that moves to it from the proximal ganglionic bowel. The lesion originates in the rectum and extends proximally over a variable distance of the bowel. The further the lesion extends, the more difficult the management becomes.Clinical and radiologic findings can be useful in diagnosis, but they are not pathognomonic. The definitive diagnosis is made following suction biopsy of the rectum, colon, and ileum. Ultimate treatment for TCA is surgical, although no single surgical procedure has been proven superior. Total parenteral nutrition during the postoperative period is essential to ensure appropriate fluid and electrolyte status. Improvements in supportive care and earlier recognition and diagnosis of TCA in infants have led to a significantly increased rate of survival since the lesion was first recognized. The embryology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, management prognosis, and outcome of TCA are discussed. A case study is presented.
Kangaroo Mother Care During Phototherapy: Effect on Bilirubin Profile
Authors: Ludington-Hoe Susan , Swinth Joan 
Published: May 2012

Purpose:To determine the safety and efficacy of allowing kangaroo mother care (KMC) one hour per day during the course of phototherapy using a fiberoptic phototherapy panel.Sample:Thirty premature infants, 30–35 weeks gestation, <2,500 gm, who required phototherapy. Infants were randomized into three groups: (1) infants who received traditional bank or spotlight phototherapy 24 hours per day, (2) infants who received traditional phototherapy 23 hours per day and for the 24th hour lay prone on a fiberoptic phototherapy panel, and (3) infants who received traditional phototherapy 23 hours per day and for the 24th hour were given KMC with a fiberoptic phototherapy panel held against their back.Outcome Variables:Nonparametric statistics were used for between-group comparisons on number of days of phototherapy, daily bilirubin decrement, and bilirubin profiles over the course of phototherapy.Results:Groups did not differ in the number of days of phototherapy or in daily mean bilirubin decrement. The bilirubin profile for the KMC group showed a more shallow descent than did the profiles for the other groups, but a significant difference in decline was present only on day 4 of treatment (p= .05).Conclusion:This pilot work suggests that KMC using a fiberoptic panel during phototherapy may be safe, but further study is needed.
Tenderfoot Preemie vs a Manual Lancet: A Clinical Evaluation
Authors: Kellam Barbara , Waller Jennifer , McLaurin Christa , Schnaible Stephanie , Sacks Linda , Kathen Charmaine , Doster Charlotte , Youmans Michael 
Published: May 2012

Purpose: To compare the amount of time required to collect a blood specimen, the number of heel punctures required, and the rate of hematology re-collections required when using a Monolet lancet vs a Tenderfoot Preemie device.Design: Randomized, two-group, quasi-experimental.Sample: Neonates with a birth weight >800 gm were eligible to participate in the study. Twenty subjects were randomized to the Monolet lancet (control) group and 20 to the Tenderfoot Preemie (experimental) group. A total of 157 blood specimens was collected, 89 of which were for hematology testing.Results: For this sample population of preterm infants, less collection time was required, fewer heel punctures were necessary, and a lower re-collection rate occurred with use of the Tenderfoot Preemie than with use of the Monolet lancet.
Life-Sustaining Support: Ethical, Cultural, and Spiritual Conflicts Part I: Family Support— A Neonatal Case Study
Authors: Stutts Amy , Schloemann Johanna 
Published: May 2012

As medical knowledge and technology continue to increase, so will types of life-sustaining support as well as the public’s expectations for use of this support with positive outcomes. Health care professionals will continue to be challenged by the issues surrounding the appropriate use of life-sustaining support and the issues it raises. This is especially apparent in the NICU. When parents’ belief systems challenge the health care team’s ethical commitment to beneficence and nonmaleficence, a shared decision-making model based on mutual understanding of and respect for different viewpoints can redirect the focus onto the baby’s best interest. This article addresses three questions:1. How do nonmaleficence, beneficence, and concern about quality of life guide the use of life-sustaining support?2. To what extent should parental autonomy and spirituality influence treatment decisions?3. What efforts can the health care team make to support the family?
Circulating Metabolite Predictors of Glycemia in Middle-Aged Men and Women
Authors: Würtz Peter , Tiainen Mika , Mäkinen Ville-Petteri , Kangas Antti J. , Soininen Pasi , Saltevo Juha , Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi Sirkka , Mäntyselkä Pekka , Lehtimäki Terho , Laakso Markku , Jula Antti , Kähönen Mika , Vanhala Mauno , Ala-Korpela Mika 
Published: May 2012

OBJECTIVE
Metabolite predictors of deteriorating glucose tolerance may elucidate the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. We investigated associations of circulating metabolites from high-throughput profiling with fasting and postload glycemia cross-sectionally and prospectively on the population level.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Oral glucose tolerance was assessed in two Finnish, population-based studies consisting of 1,873 individuals (mean age 52 years, 58% women) and reexamined after 6.5 years for 618 individuals in one of the cohorts. Metabolites were quantified by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy from fasting serum samples. Associations were studied by linear regression models adjusted for established risk factors.

RESULTS
Nineteen circulating metabolites, including amino acids, gluconeogenic substrates, and fatty acid measures, were cross-sectionally associated with fasting and/or postload glucose (P &lt; 0.001). Among these metabolic intermediates, branched-chain amino acids, phenylalanine, and α1-acid glycoprotein were predictors of both fasting and 2-h glucose at 6.5-year follow-up (P &lt; 0.05), whereas alanine, lactate, pyruvate, and tyrosine were uniquely associated with 6.5-year postload glucose (P = 0.003–0.04). None of the fatty acid measures were prospectively associated with glycemia. Changes in fatty acid concentrations were associated with changes in fasting and postload glycemia during follow-up; however, changes in branched-chain amino acids did not follow glucose dynamics, and gluconeogenic substrates only paralleled changes in fasting glucose.

CONCLUSIONS
Alterations in branched-chain and aromatic amino acid metabolism precede hyperglycemia in the general population. Further, alanine, lactate, and pyruvate were predictive of postchallenge glucose exclusively. These gluconeogenic precursors are potential markers of long-term impaired insulin sensitivity that may relate to attenuated glucose tolerance later in life.
On factorization of the Fibonacci and Lucas numbers using tridiagonal determinants
Authors: Seibert Jaroslav , Trojovský Pavel 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to give new results about factorizations of the Fibonacci numbers F
n and the Lucas numbers L
n. These numbers are defined by the second order recurrence relation a
n+2 = a
n+1+a
n with the initial terms F
0 = 0, F
1 = 1 and L
0 = 2, L
1 = 1, respectively. Proofs of theorems are done with the help of connections between determinants of tridiagonal matrices and the Fibonacci and the Lucas numbers using the Chebyshev polynomials. This method extends the approach used in [CAHILL, N. D.—D’ERRICO, J. R.—SPENCE, J. P.: Complex factorizations of the Fibonacci and Lucas numbers, Fibonacci Quart. 41 (2003), 13–19], and CAHILL, N. D.—NARAYAN, D. A.: Fibonacci and Lucas numbers as tridiagonal matrix determinants, Fibonacci Quart. 42 (2004), 216–221].
Oscillation criteria for quasi-linear functional dynamic equations on time scales
Authors: Saker Samir , Grace Said 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
This paper is concerned with oscillation of the second-order quasilinear functional dynamic equation $(r(t)(x^\Delta (t))^\gamma )^\Delta + p(t)x^\beta (\tau (t)) = 0,$ on a time scale $\mathbb{T}$ where γ and β are quotient of odd positive integers, r, p, and τ are positive rd-continuous functions defined on $\mathbb{T},\tau :\mathbb{T} \to \mathbb{T}$ and $\mathop {\lim }\limits_{t \to \infty } \tau (t) = \infty $. We establish some new sufficient conditions which ensure that every solution oscillates or converges to zero. Our results improve the oscillation results in the literature when γ = β, and τ(t) ≤ t and when τ(t) > t the results are essentially new. Some examples are considered to illustrate the main results.
On properties of G-expansive homeomorphisms
Authors: Das Ruchi , Das Tarun 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
We show that LUB of the set of G-expansive constants for a G-expansive homeomorphism h on a compact metric G-space, G compact, is not a G-expansive constant for h. We obtain a result regarding projecting and lifting of G-expansive homeomorphisms having interesting applications. We also prove that the G-expansiveness is a dynamical property for homeomorphisms on compact metric G-spaces and study G-periodic points.
On the first pontrjagin class of homotopy complex projective spaces
Authors: Kitada Yasuhiko 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
Let M
2n
be a closed smooth manifold homotopy equivalent to the complex projective space ℂP(n). It is known that the first Pontrjagin class p
1(M) of M
2n
has the form (n+1+24α(M))u
2 for some integer α(M) where u is a generator of H
2(M; ℤ). We prove that α(M) is even when n is even but not divisible by 64.
Analysis of nonautonomous two species system in a polluted environment
Authors: Samanta G. 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
In this paper, a two-species nonautonomous Lotka-Volterra model of population growth in a polluted environment is proposed. Global asymptotic behaviour of this model by constructing suitable bounded functions has been investigated. It is proved that each population for competition, predation and cooperation systems respectively is uniformly persistent (permanent) under appropriate conditions. Sufficient conditions are derived to confirm that if each of competition, predation and cooperation systems respectively admits a positive periodic solution, then it is globally asymptotically stable.