bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk of increased mortality in underweight survivors: A brief report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study
Authors: Tonorezos Emily S. , Chou Joanne F. , Moskowitz Chaya S. , Leisenring Wendy M. , Friedman Danielle Novetsky , Sklar Charles A. , Dilley Kimberly J. , Hudson Melissa M. , Mertens Ann , Armstrong Gregory T. , Robison Leslie L. , Meacham Lillian R. , Oeffinger Kevin C. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundApproximately 1 in 10 adult survivors of childhood cancer is underweight. Although the consequences of being overweight or obese have been well described, outcomes among childhood cancer survivors who are underweight are unknown.ObjectiveTo determine whether underweight status increases the risk of mortality.ProcedureCohort study: Marginal models with generalized estimating equations to evaluate the associations between body mass index (BMI), serious or life‐threatening chronic conditions, and death in the setting of long‐term follow‐up questionnaires and National Death Index search. Participants: Childhood cancer five‐year survivors diagnosed during 1970–1986 in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study Exposure: Underweight status, defined as body mass index (BMI) < 18.5 kg/m2 compared with ideal body weight. Based on available literature on body weight and mortality from the general population, ideal body weight was defined as BMI 22.0‐24.9 kg/m2. Main outcomes: Overall mortality and cancer‐specific mortality.ResultsOf 9454 survivors (median age 35 years old (range, 17‐58), an average of 17.5 years from diagnosis), 627 (6.6%) participants were underweight at baseline or follow‐up questionnaire. Of 184 deaths, 29 were among underweight survivors. Underweight status was more common among females (9.1% vs. 4.5%, p < .01) and participants with younger age at diagnosis (8.2% for < 5 years vs. 6.1% for ≥5 years, p < .01), lower household income (8.9% for < $20,000 vs. 6.0% for ≥ $20,000, p < .01), or a history of serious chronic condition (p = .05). After adjustment for these factors, in addition to prior smoking and a history of radiation therapy, the risk of all‐cause mortality within two years of BMI report was increased (OR 2.85; 95% CI: 1.63‐4.97; p < .01) for underweight survivors, compared with ideal‐weight survivors.ConclusionsChildhood cancer survivors who are underweight are at increased risk for late mortality that appears unrelated to smoking status, recognized chronic disease, or subsequent malignancy. Whether targeted nutritional interventions would ameliorate this risk is unknown.
Diagnostic value of procalcitonin and hemocyte parameters in neonates with bloodstream infection: Role of activated hemocyte‐related genes
Authors: Tao Yiyi , Li Qian , Peng Huidi , Huang Ningshu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic potential of hemocyte parameters and procalcitonin (PCT) in detecting bloodstream infections (BSI) in neonates and explore the contribution of hemocyte activation‐related genes to pediatric sepsis through bioinformatics analysis. A cohort of 419 neonates, categorized as BSI (positive blood culture) and control, underwent comparative analysis of PCT and hemocyte parameters. A predictive model for neonatal BSI was established, demonstrating an impressive area under the receiver ROC curve of 0.968 with remarkable sensitivity (92%) and specificity (87.3%). Hemocyte parameters, including lymphocyte and neutrophil percentages, platelet distribution width (PDW), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and PCT, emerged as independent predictors of neonatal BSI. Furthermore, bioinformatics analysis utilizing Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets yielded significant insights. Differential gene expression (DEGs), gene ontology (GO), pathway enrichment, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks were explored. The differentially expressed genes and hub genes were notably enriched in the activation of neutrophils, lymphocytes, and platelets. Notably, elevated expression levels of SPI1, TYROBP, and FCER1G were observed in pediatric sepsis or septic shock, with positive correlations between SPI1, FCER1G, and TYROBP. In summary, the combination of lymphocyte, PDW, PLR, and PCT effectively diagnosed neonatal BSI. Bioinformatics analysis underscored the pivotal role of activated hemocytes in diagnosing pediatric sepsis, with SPI1, TYROBP, and FCER1G co‐expression influencing the disease's pathophysiology by modulating neutrophil and platelet activity.
Positioning dynamic polymeric materials within the modern polymer economy: From application to recycling and circularity
Authors: Jiang Meng , Mahmud Nadim , Koelbl Christopher B. , Herr Delaney , Worch Joshua C. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractInnovations in dynamic polymeric materials offer prospects to improve the circularity and lower the environmental impact of the modern polymer economy. These materials are also beginning to blur the distinction between re‐use and recycling methods since the bulk material properties of the material may be rationally changed after applying a stimulus or performing a controlled chemical reaction. In this Perspective, we propose that dynamic polymers denote a unique class of versatile post‐consumer polymer waste, which shares similarities to emergent upcycling approaches while also offering additional opportunities within more classical recycling schemes. A brief overview of stimuli‐responsive polymers is presented where illustrative examples are discussed within the context of developing practical materials. Dynamic covalent polymeric materials are then highlighted, along with emerging techniques such as polymer editing, with a focus on recent reports demonstrating rational manipulation of bulk material properties. Finally, we discuss these examples alongside modern recycling methods and explore how dynamic polymers could perform in this sphere.
Multistimuli responsive hydrogels with shape fix/memory capability fabricated from gold nanorod‐conjugated amino acid‐based vinyl polymer networks
Authors: Yamaguchi Yutaro , Nishimura Shin‐nosuke , Higashi Nobuyuki , Koga Tomoyuki 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFabricating robust shape‐memory hydrogels that respond to multiple external stimuli is an important challenge in facilitating gel technology for versatile applications. In this study, we report a simple approach for constructing thermo‐, redox‐, and photo‐responsive hydrogels with high mechanical strength and shape fix/memory capability. Upper critical solution temperature (UCST)‐type amino acid‐based hydrogels were facilely prepared by radical copolymerization of N‐acryloyl glycinamide (NAGAm) with cystine‐derived divinyl acrylamides (ionic cystine [NAC] or nonionic cystine‐methyl ester [NACMe]) units at different monomer concentrations (1/2 M). These hydrogels were transparent and exhibited good mechanical strength (tensile strength of 0.3–0.4 MPa and breaking elongation of 400%–700%). All hydrogels showed UCST‐type swelling‐shrinking behaviors based on thermo‐driven reversible hydrogen bonds among the PNAGAm units, and thus could be fixed into variety of shapes and recovered to the original shape by temperature manipulation. The cystine‐based crosslinkers having SS bonds served as efficient redox‐sensitive and gold‐nanorod‐(AuNR)‐adsorbing moieties; thus, AuNR could be conjugated stably and evenly into the PNAGAm/NAC hydrogel. Moreover, upon light‐irradiation, the AuNR‐conjugated hybrid hydrogel exhibited shape‐memory behavior owing to the photothermal effect of the AuNRs. These multiresponsive/functional hydrogels composed of amino acid units have considerable potential for various applications in the fields of soft actuators and biomedicines.
Enhancing photothermal depolymerization with metalloporphyrin catalyst
Authors: Ng Gervase , Prescott Stuart W. , Postma Almar , Moad Graeme , Hawker Craig J. , Anastasaki Athina , Boyer Cyrille 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe ability to revert polymers to their original monomers represents a crucial chemical recycling technique, promoting sustainability and offering the chance to convert used materials into valuable products. In recent years, numerous studies have explored the use of polymers synthesized via reversible deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP) techniques to facilitate efficient depolymerization reactions. Herein, we report the use of a photocatalyst, zinc tetraphenylporphyrin (ZnTPP), along with light irradiation to accelerate depolymerization of polymers prepared by reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. We explore various parameters affecting depolymerization efficiency, including solvents, reaction temperature (80, 100, and 120°C), the presence of photocatalysts (ZnTPP and Eosin Y), and the type of RAFT end‐groups, namely trithiocarbonate, dithiobenzoate, and 1H‐pyrazole‐1‐carbodithioate. For instance, when PMMA was diluted to 25 mM in 1,4‐dioxane and heated to 120°C under green light irradiation in the presence of ZnTPP (200 ppm), rapid depolymerization exceeding 70% occurred within 1 h. Without ZnTPP, under similar conditions, the reaction required over 8 h to achieve a slightly lower yield. Furthermore, this method confers moderate oxygen tolerance to the system, enabling depolymerization to proceed without the need of deoxygenation, albeit at a lower rate and consequently lesser monomer recovery (31%).
How do mindfulness‐based interventions promote coping and self‐efficacy in patients with cancer: A systematic review of qualitative and quantitative data
Authors: Heinen Jana Maria , Laing Ebba Magdalena , Schäffeler Norbert , Bäuerle Alexander , Krakowczyk Julia Barbara , Schug Caterina , Ziesemer Stefanie Katharina , Teufel Martin , Erim Yesim , Zipfel Stephan , Stengel Andreas , Graf Johanna 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to review the existing quantitative and qualitative evidence regarding how mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) help cope with cancer‐related challenges and increase affected patients' perceived self‐efficacy.MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted on PubMed, PsycInfo, PubPsych, and CINAHL. Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods studies were included if they (1) evaluated MBIs (2) for patients with cancer or cancer survivors (3) regarding their impact on coping with cancer and perceived self‐efficacy. The reports were screened by two independent reviewers and conflicts were resolved by a third reviewer. The review was pre‐registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022368765).ResultsFindings from 28 reports of 19 quantitative studies, six qualitative studies, and three mixed‐methods studies (total N = 1722) were extracted and integrated. The synthesis of quantitative data showed considerable heterogeneity in outcomes and measurement instruments. Most often reported were significant positive impacts of mindfulness on general coping skills, self‐regulation, and perceived efficacy in coping with cancer. Qualitative interviews with patients supported those results. The three meta‐themes identified were that MBI (1) provided patients with tools to use in stressful situations, (2) promoted a general change of mindset and (3) created a feeling of social connectedness.ConclusionsThe reviewed studies suggest that MBI can promote coping and enhance the perceived self‐efficacy of patients with cancer. In the future, more research investigating the different aspects of coping and the potentially moderating role of self‐efficacy could provide further insights with respect to how coping and self‐efficacy related to MBI.
Implementation and outcomes of a quality improvement project to systematically assess the gross motor skills in school‐aged children with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Good Abby , Shannon Jackie , Brinton John T. , Hoppe Jordana E. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionLimited data exist on the gross motor abilities of children with cystic fibrosis (CF). The objective of this research project was to implement a systematic gross motor assessment in children with CF ages 4−12 years. Secondarily, we aimed to assess demographic characteristics associated with gross motor delays.MethodsPhysical therapists aimed to evaluate at least 50% of eligible children (4−12 years) at our CF Center over 1 year using the Bruininks‐Oseretsky Test of motor Proficiency, second edition (BOT‐2). Delays are defined by scores less than 18th percentile. Demographic and clinical data included body mass index, hospitalizations, genotype, and comorbidities. Basic descriptive statistics summarized patient information. Parametric and nonparametric methods compared groups of interest. Linear regression assessed associations between BOT‐2 measures and clinical characteristics.ResultsThe BOT‐2 evaluation was successfully implemented with 69% of eligible patients being evaluated. Forty‐five (62.5%) scored below average. Impaired strength (22.2%) was most common, followed by impaired balance (16.7%), running speed and agility (15.3%), and bilateral coordination (8.3%). 15.5% scored below average on their total motor composite score (TMC). Increased age, comorbidities and hospitalizations were associated with a lower TMC.ConclusionsThe BOT‐2 was successfully implemented as part of routine CF care to screen for gross motor delays in children. Results suggest that a high percentage of children with CF, especially older children with comorbid conditions or a history of hospitalization, have impaired gross motor function. These findings support the need for routine gross motor evaluations and physical therapy interventions within pediatric CF clinics.
Aspergillus Oryzae Mediated α‐Fe2O3 Nanoparticles for Photocatalytic Remediation of Basic Fuschin Dye and Antimicrobial Activities
Authors: Kadam Avdhut D. , Sapkal Aboli C. , Survase Avinash A. , Kamble Santosh B. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGreen synthetic approach for the synthesis of Iron oxide (α‐Fe2O3) nanoparticles were successfully carried out using Aspergillus oryzae culture mediated biogenic route. The synthesized nanoparticle was confirmed by structural and optical characterization with the help of hematite phase. The α‐Fe2O3 nanoparticles show antimicrobial activity against bacterial strains Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and fungal strain Candida albicans. Under visible light, the α‐Fe2O3 nanoparticles demonstrate remarkable antibacterial action, confirming their superior efficacy for photocatalytic remediation. The present study discloses that the α‐Fe2O3 nanoparticles are efficient photocatalysts for 96 % degradation of basic fuchsin dye and highly active antimicrobial agent.
Effective Foot‐and‐Mouth Disease Virus Control Using Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: Dung Tran Thi Ngoc , Chi Nguyen Thi Yen , Viet Quang Dang , Thanh Cong Nguyen , Lai Thi Ngoc Ha , Le Van Phan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the antiviral efficacy of chitosan‐stabilized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) against the Foot‐and‐Mouth Disease virus (FMDV), a highly contagious pathogen affecting cloven‐hoofed animals. In vitro experiments demonstrated that AgNPs effectively inhibited FMDV replication in a dose‐dependent manner. At a concentration of 1.56 μg/ml, AgNPs exhibited no cytotoxicity to baby hamster kidney 21 (BHK21) cells while achieving complete deactivation of FMDV at a titer of 103 TCID50 and inhibiting viral growth at a titer of 104 TCID50. These findings suggest the potential of silver nanoparticles as a novel disinfectant for controlling FMDV transmission and preventing disease outbreaks.
A Simplistic Label‐Free Electrochemical Immunosensing Approach for Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Anti‐SARS‐COV‐2 Nucleocapsid Antibodies
Authors: Kock Branham J. , Du Plooy Jarid , Cloete Rochida A. , Jahed Nazeem , Nguyen Pham‐Truong Thuan , Arendse Christopher , Pokpas Keagan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRapid and precise detection of SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies is paramount for effective outbreak monitoring and vaccine efficacy assessment. While existing approaches for antibody detection often rely on complex electrochemical immunosensing with nanomaterial functionalization targeting S‐protein antibodies, their limitations in sensitivity and complexity have hindered widespread application. Here, we present a simplistic immunosensing platform designed for the rapid, and precise detection of SARS‐CoV‐2 specific IgG and Nucleocapsid antibodies. Notably, this study marks only the second exploration of SARS‐CoV‐2 N‐protein antibody detection. The platform utilizes traditional self‐assembled monolayers to establish selective bio‐affinity between SARS‐CoV‐2 specific Nucleocapsid antibodies and a gold electrode functionalized with the N‐protein antigen. Interestingly, despite the absence of nanomaterial functionalization, the developed platform achieves sensitivity comparable to existing sensors across a wide detection range (0.025 to 1 ng/mL) with an impressive limit of detection (0.019 ng/mL). The simplicity of the approach, relying solely on immunocomplex reactions, underscores that effective binding efficiency may be achieved in the absence of complex functionalization and determines its affordability, specificity, and high sensitivity. By eliminating the need for additional functionalization steps, the platform offers a streamlined solution for SARS‐CoV‐2 antibody detection and demonstrates the possibility of N‐protein antibody detection as a promising avenue for widespread application in SARS‐CoV‐2 outbreak monitoring and vaccine efficacy assessment particularly in underdeveloped regions.
NLOphoric Anthraquinone Dyes – A Review
Authors: Gupta Puja O. , Sekar Nagaiyan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis review is about anthraquinone dyes. One of the advantages of organic NLOphores materials is the variety of chromophores explored for a wide range of potential applications in optoelectronics and biology. The second and third harmonic generations, as well as hyper‐Rayleigh scattering (HRS), the Z‐scan technique, degenerate four‐wave mixing (DFWM), and density functional theory (DFT), are all covered in this review. The most active sites for establishing enhanced NLO properties were found to be positions 2 and 6 of the anthraquinone core. The structural characteristics of dyes are used to divide them into subcategories. In each section, structures with a higher NLO response are highlighted. Researchers will benefit from this review when designing and synthesizing NLOphores.
Upgrading Gel Electrolytes Through Electrostatic‐Induced Dual‐Salt Paradigm for Superior Zn‐Ion Battery Performance
Authors: Wu Jianyang , Li Mengchao , Ding Xuan , Chen Zheming , Luo Jing , Zhang Qiaoli , Qiu Yanbin , Wang Qian , Liu Wen , Yang Chengkai 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGel electrolytes are gaining attention for rechargeable Zn‐ion batteries because of their high safety, high flexibility, and excellent comprehensive electrochemical performances. However, current gel electrolytes still perform at mediocre levels due to incomplete Zn salts dissociation and side reactions. Herein, an electrostatic‐induced dual‐salt strategy is proposed to upgrade gel electrolytes to tackle intrinsic issues of Zn metal anodes. The competitive coordination mechanism driven by electrostatic repulsion and steric hindrance of dual anions promotes zinc salt dissociation at low lithium salt addition levels, improving ion transport and mechanical properties of gel electrolytes. Li+ ions and gel components coordinate with H2O, reducing active H2O molecules and inhibiting associated side reactions. The dual‐salt gel electrolyte enables excellent reversibility of Zn anodes at both room and low temperatures. Zn||Polyaniline cells using the dual‐salt gel electrolyte exhibit a high discharge capacity of 180 mAh g−1 and long‐term cycling stability over 180 cycles at −20 °C. The dual‐salt strategy offers a cost‐effective approach to improving gel electrolytes for high‐performance flexible Zn‐ion batteries.
Palaeoscolecids from the Ludlow Series of Leintwardine, Herefordshire (UK): the latest occurrence of palaeoscolecids in the fossil record
Authors: Howard Richard J. , Parry Luke A. , Clatworthy Innes , D'Souza Leila , Edgecombe Gregory D. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe documentation of cuticular micro‐ornament is vital for the taxonomic assignment of palaeoscolecids: vermiform lower Palaeozoic ecdysozoans interpreted as stem‐group priapulans or early diverging panarthropods. This is due to the absence of the character‐rich proboscis and tail hooks in palaeoscolecid material not from Burgess Shale‐type Konservat‐Lagerstätten. Here, the cuticular micro‐ornamentation of palaeoscolecids from the upper Silurian (Ludlow) fauna of Leintwardine (Herefordshire, England), is described using scanning electron microscopy and reflectance transformation imaging. This material is taxonomically unstable because it was included in an effective wastebasket genus (Protoscolex) long before these imaging techniques were developed. The Leintwardine material is shown to be most closely comparable to a palaeoscolecid from the Darriwilian (Middle Ordovician) of the Builth–Llandrindod inlier, Powys, Wales, and is transferred accordingly to Radnorscolex Botting et al. as Radnorscolex latus (Bather). The Leintwardine fauna represents the uppermost stratigraphic occurrence of palaeoscolecids, constrained to the Saetograptus leintwardinensis Zone (lower Ludfordian), and the comparatively sparse Silurian palaeoscolecid record is subsequently discussed. It is hypothesized that palaeoscolecids may have become extinct during the mid‐Ludfordian Lau Event, the onset of which is recorded in the biozone immediately above the Leintwardine fauna (Bohemograptus Zone). Finally, the British palaeoscolecid fauna is summarized, including a new record from the Dapingian (Middle Ordovician) of Carmarthenshire, South Wales.
Experimental and numerical investigation of the bending, shear, and punching shear behavior of recycled aggregate concrete precast/prestressed hollow core slabs
Authors: McGinnis Michael J. , Gangone Michael V. , Nogales Alejandro , Gomez‐Santana Lizeth Marisol , Weldon Brad , Reihl Adam , Tošić Nikola , Kurama Yahya 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAlthough it has been shown that using recycled concrete aggregate in new structural concrete is economical and sustainable, the use of this material for such applications is still not widespread. One of the reasons is that manufacturers, designers, engineers, owners, and other market players are not familiar with specifying and utilizing this material—although standards are starting to incorporate provisions for recycled aggregate concrete, successful, practical example projects are needed. The current paper describes the results of a partnership between universities and a precast concrete manufacturer of hollow core slabs. Seven hollow core slabs with volumetric replacement ratios of natural aggregate with recycled aggregate from 0% to 60% were tested to failure in both bending and shear, and then undamaged portions of the slabs were subjected to punching shear until failure. The results showed only mild differences in strength, with different replacement percentages of recycled aggregate under the various loading scenarios. Numerical simulations performed in Abaqus demonstrated the feasibility of analyzing recycled aggregate concrete structural elements and provided important insights into their behavior.