bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The development of speech and gesture in Sesotho narratives
Authors: Brookes Heather , Agyepong Dorothy , White Michelle , Yalala Sefela 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Studies show that speech and gesture develop together with age, and the nature of gestures changes with increasing
cognitive and discursive abilities. While there are common developmental trends, cultural differences may also impact development.
We examined gesture development in narratives of Sesotho speaking children aged 5 to 6 years (n = 12), 9 to 10
years (n = 12) and adults (n = 12), who watched a wordless cartoon and narrated the story back
to an interlocutor. Our results show that narrative ability develops with age. Speech and gesture become more complex.
Representational and pragmatic gestures increase, but the proportion of these gesture types changes. Gestures become semiotically
more complex and integrated with spoken discourse. Narrative development in Sesotho speakers shows similar developmental trends to
those found in other studies. However, cultural factors influence some aspects with Sesotho speakers exhibiting similar narrative
patterns in spoken and gestural behaviour to speakers of isiZulu, a closely related language and cultural group.
Structural, magnetic, magnetocaloric behavior and magneto-transport, electrical polarization study in 3d based bulk and nano-crystalline multiferroic double perovskite Dy2MnCoO6
Authors: Chatterjee Soma , Das I 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we report a detailed investigation of the crystal structure, magnetic, magnetocaloric, magneto-transport and electrical polarization properties of a new multiferroic material in the polycrystalline and nanocrystalline form of the Dy2MnCoO6 double perovskite. Both compounds crystallized in the monoclinic structure with P21/n space group. The magnetic properties of both systems are mainly dominant ferromagnetic (FM) and weak antiferromagnetic (AFM). The FM/AFM coupling is related by the competing and combining functions of the radius and the magnetic moments of rare earth ions (i.e. 3d–4f exchange interactions). The reduction of the saturation magnetization in the isothermal magnetization curves can be explained by the existence of anti-phase boundaries and local anti-site defects in the system. Moreover, these materials hold reasonable values of magnetocaloric parameters and the absence of hysteresis makes the system a potential candidate for magnetic refrigeration. These compounds revealed two magnetic phase transitions, according to the appearance of two peaks in the temperature dependence of magnetic entropy change curves. The temperature dependent resistivity data for both the systems display semiconductor nature near room temperature and insulating like behavior at low temperature regime. The variable-range hopping conduction mechanism is used to best understand their transport mechanism. In addition, the electrical polarization loop at low temperature confirms the presence of ferroelectricity for both the studied systems. The decreases polarization under an external magnetic field evidence the weak magnetoelectric coupling. The coexistence of FM ordering with insulating behavior and ferroelectricity at low temperature promises new opportunities and improvements in next generation applications for information storage, spintronic, and sensors.
Periodic group-sparse method via generalized minimax-concave penalty for machinery fault diagnosis
Authors: He Wangpeng , Wen Zhihui , Liu Xuan , Guo Xiaoya , Zhu Juanjuan , Chen Weisheng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Diagnosing faults in large mechanical equipment poses challenges due to strong background noise interference, wherein extracting weak fault features with periodic group-sparse property is the most critical step for machinery intelligent maintenance. To address this problem, a periodic group-sparse method based on a generalized minimax-concave penalty function is proposed in this paper. This method uses periodic group sparse techniques to capture the periodic clustering trends of fault impact signals. To further enhance the sparsity of the results and preserve the high amplitude of the impact signals, non-convex optimization techniques are integrated. The overall convexity of the optimization problem is maintained through the introduction of a non-convex controllable parameter, and an appropriate optimization algorithm is derived. The effectiveness of this method has been demonstrated through experiments with simulated signals and mechanical fault signals.
A new dual-channel convolutional neural network and its application in rolling bearing fault diagnosis
Authors: Hu Baoquan , Liu Jun , Zhao Rongzhen , Xu Yue , Huo Tianlong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Recently, deep learning has received widespread attention in the field of bearing fault diagnosis due to its powerful feature learning capability. However, when the actual working conditions are complex and variable, the fault information in a single domain is limited, making it difficult to achieve high accuracy. To overcome these challenges, this paper proposes a bearing fault diagnosis method based on the Markov transition field, continuous wavelet transform (CWT), and dual-channel convolutional neural network (CNN). The method combines the descriptive ability of the Markov model for state transfer, the time-frequency analysis ability of CWT for signal, and the excellent performance of CNN with attention mechanism in feature extraction and classification. Specifically, we first propose a multi-channel Markov transition field method, which is combined with CWT to obtain two different representations of two-dimensional (2D) images. To comprehensively mine fault information, we further propose a dual-channel CNN with an attention mechanism. The design of this network structure aims to extract multi-level features from two types of 2D images. At the same time, we designed and embedded an attention mechanism to enable the network to focus more on extracting effective features, thereby improving the performance and accuracy of the network. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, three datasets were used for empirical research. The results show that this method exhibits superior performance in bearing fault diagnosis and has higher accuracy compared to traditional methods.
A machine learning framework for the prediction of grain boundary segregation in chemically complex environments
Authors: Aksoy Doruk , Luo Jian , Cao Penghui , Rupert Timothy J 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The discovery of complex concentrated alloys (CCA) has unveiled materials with diverse atomic environments, prompting the exploration of solute segregation beyond dilute alloys. However, the vast number of possible elemental interactions means a computationally prohibitive number of simulations are needed for comprehensive segregation energy spectrum analysis. Data-driven methods offer promising solutions for overcoming such limitations for modeling segregation in such chemically complex environments (CCEs), and are employed in this study to understand segregation behavior of a refractory CCA, NbMoTaW. A flexible methodology is developed that uses composable computational modules, with different arrangements of these modules employed to obtain site availabilities at absolute zero and the corresponding density of states beyond the dilute limit, resulting in an extremely large dataset containing 10 million data points. The artificial neural network developed here can rely solely on descriptions of local atomic environments to predict behavior at the dilute limit with very small errors, while the addition of negative segregation instance classification allows any solute concentration from zero up to the equiatomic concentration for ternary or quaternary alloys to be modeled at room temperature. The machine learning model thus achieves a significant speed advantage over traditional atomistic simulations, being four orders of magnitude faster, while only experiencing a minimal reduction in accuracy. This efficiency presents a powerful tool for rapid microstructural and interfacial design in unseen domains. Scientifically, our approach reveals a transition in the segregation behavior of Mo from unfavorable in simple systems to favorable in complex environments. Additionally, increasing solute concentration was observed to cause anti-segregation sites to begin to fill, challenging conventional understanding and highlighting the complexity of segregation dynamics in CCEs.
Comparative experiment using free fall and projectile motions in determining the acceleration due to gravitational force
Authors: Marte Sherwin J , Bug-os Mary Allein Antoenette C , Pili Unofre B 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Classroom experiments using modern experimental tools like smartphones are in growing popularity. Hence, this study conducted a comparative experiment to determine the acceleration values due to gravitational force in free fall and projectile motions using simple materials and the sound sensor. In this experiment, the relationship between the height and the time squared of the fall in both free fall and projectile motions is represented in regression model. Notably, experimental values for g for free fall and projectile motions are close to the accepted acceleration value due to gravitational force.
Discharging a capacitor
Authors: Ziese M 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Discharging a capacitor is a standard experiment in physics education. Here it is described in a form that challenges students’ preconceptions, since the voltage across the capacitor is observed to oscillate after switching off the power supply. The aim is to demonstrate the importance and relevance of experiments and measurements, even if these are in contradiction with expectations and textbooks. Students have the opportunity to develop a quantitative model for the observations and explore the transition from oscillatory to overdamped behaviour—with the latter being the standard in textbook presentations—in further measurements. The experiment can also be used in schools, since the concept of tuning the damping by resistance variation is rather intuitive and insightful even without a formal mathematical background.
Piezoelectric energy harvester for wind turbine blades based on bistable response of a composite beam in post-buckling
Authors: Plagianakos Theofanis S , Leventakis Nikolaos , Chrysochoidis Nikolaos A , Kardarakos Grigorios-Christos , Margelis Nikolaos , Bolanakis Georgios , Papadopoulos Evangelos G , Saravanos Dimitris A 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
A bistable piezoelectric energy harvester (PEH) is presented for harvesting power from vibrations occurring at low frequencies, as is the case of wind turbine blades. The axial compressive prestress of a piezoelectric composite beam at post-buckling serves as the bistability source, leading to high mechanical to electric power conversion. An in-house harvesting circuit connected to the piezoelectric terminals is used for demonstration of its harvesting power capabilities. A finite element (FE) model is used to analyze and optimize the coupled nonlinear electromechanical response of the PEH, including structure and circuit. A physical prototype has been manufactured and tested for validation of the electromechanical design and the FE modeling approach. Predictions and measurements indicate an increase of harvested power with applied prestress up to a transition point, where a sudden drop in power occurs. Good comparison between numerical and experimental results verified the modeling approach, whereas deviations related to physical boundary conditions at large compressive forces affected the prediction of the transition point in harvested power. The harvester produced 1.32 mW of electrical power under tonal base excitation of 1 g at 8 Hz. Hence, the nonlinear PEH has demonstrated its capability to harvest energy at frequencies much lower than its first linear modal frequency and could thus serve as a promising solution for powering IoT devices and sensors in large vibrating structures.
Enhancement of structural, optical, electrical, optoelectronic and thermoelectric properties of ZnO thin film via Ni doping and Ni-B co-doping
Authors: Üzar N , Abdulaziz U , Erbas O G , Aydin M , Dolgun M F 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this study, the effects of nickel (Ni) and boron (B) elements on the structural, optical, electrical, optoelectronic, and thermoelectric properties of zinc oxide (ZnO) material were investigated. Therefore, undoped ZnO, 3% Ni-doped ZnO (Zn0.97Ni0.03O), and 3% Ni-1% B co-doped ZnO (Zn0.96Ni0.03B0.01O) solutions were prepared by the sol gel method. The produced solutions were coated on glass and p-type Si substrates via dip coating and spraying methods in the form of thin films. We produce pure and n-type semiconductors in the form of nanodots which have wurtzite ZnO polycrystalline structure for all samples. Ni and B co-doped sample is morphologically, electrically and optically enhanced the ZnO material with 3.08 eV band gap, homogenous surface and the highest electrical conductivity. In addition, the best material among the three samples that can be used as a visible light-sensitive sensor is Zn0.96Ni0.03B0.01O under feedback voltage. Technologically, this material can be turned into a photodiode device in the form of Au/Zn0.96Ni0.03B0.01O/p-Si. While the obtained ideality factor of ZnO from the forward bias region decreases from 5.7 to 3.4, its barrier height increases from 0.636 eV to 0.667 eV and serial resistance of contact decreases from 121.6 × 103 Ω to 5.6 × 103 Ω with Ni and B co-doping. Ni doping thin film improves the photovoltaic, and thermoelectric properties of ZnO. Ni-doped ZnO sample can be studied in form of the thin films as a thermoelectric material due to its ZT value is nearly 1.73 × 10–4 at 650 K. Its thermoelectric performance is 13 times better than the that of pure ZnO for the same temperature values. The efficiency of Ni-doped ZnO sample as solar cell increases 10 times compared to pure ZnO. In addition to the production of materials with improved energy efficiency, economical products suitable for use in large areas have been obtained in this study.
Optical limiting performance of Ga0.85In0.15Se and Ga0.90In0.10Se crystals in near infrared region
Authors: Pepe Yasemin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Optical limiter materials are essential for protecting people’s health due to its higher penetrating capabilities. In this study, Ga0.85In0.15Se and Ga0.90In0.10Se crystals were synthesized using Bridgemann-Stochbarger method to investigate their optical limiting performance in near infrared region. Linear optical results revealed that although the crystals had approximately the same band gap energy, the Ga0.90In0.10Se crystal had more defects due to its higher thickness. Open aperture Z-scan measurements were conducted with femtosecond pulsed laser at 1200 nm excitation wavelength. The examined crystals’ nonlinear absorption (NA) behavior was shown, with the Ga0.90In0.10Se crystal exhibiting the strongest NA behavior. Considering to their band gap energy and Urbach energies, the main NA mechanism was the two-photon absorption (2PA) and its contribution to NA increased with increase of the input intensity. Among the studied ternary crystals Ga0.90In0.10Se crystal showed high limiting performance with 1.11 mJ/cm2 optical limiting threshold. They are attractive candidates for efficient optical limiting applications at 1200 nm due to their strong NA behavior.
Dynamical analysis of the low-temperature phase diagram of a cuprate superconductor
Authors: Suzuki Sokichi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
For a cuprate superconductor, specifically the yttrium barium copper oxide system, we analyze the low-temperature phase diagram consisting of the superconducting, pseudogap, and normal phases by using a phonon-mediated attraction and Coulomb repulsion mechanism. Through this analysis, we show this mechanism in the cuprate is quite important for its key dynamics. For the pairing mechanism, a variational method is developed and applied, and a generalized mean field theory is used to calculate the condensate energy and the energy gap of the quasiparticle. We obtain a self-consistent system of equations for these quantities. The superconducting and pseudogap phases, which involve pair-condensates, are assumed to be equilibrium systems of the condensate and normal subphases. The condition for the phase transition point is given by the equal total electronic energy gains. Assuming that the difference in the pairing range of the pair condensate is small between just above and below the transition temperature, computations are performed to solve the self-consistent system of equations. We find solutions compatible with experimental data. Plausible values of the energy gap in the superconducting phase and in the pseudogap phase are obtained. The present analysis shows that the phonon-mediated attraction and Coulomb repulsion mechanism itself is compatible with the experimental data. The importance of the screening effect through one-phonon exchange in the pairing mechanism and of the structure of the valence band is discussed.
High-efficiency implementation of Toeplitz Strong Extractor for PRNG and QRNG output on CPU/GPU hardware systems
Authors: K S V Anurag , Raghavan G , P Kanaka Raju 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Random Number Generators (RNGs) are devices whose utility spans from cryptography to gambling. Depending on the source of the random seed, RNGs are classified as Pseudo-Random Number Generators (PRNGs), which are based on mathematical algorithms, True Random Number Generators (TRNGs) sourced through seemingly random physical processes, and finally, Quantum Random Number Generators (QRNGs) which harness the intrinsic randomness of measured outcomes of quantum states. To ensure that the output of a QRNG is private and nearly uniform, the raw data undergoes a strong extraction process such as Toeplitz or Trevisan Hashing. The extraction process needs to be extremely efficient to achieve high-speed random number generation. The present work demonstrates state-of-the-art methods for performing information-theoretically provable randomness extraction using variations of the Toeplitz Hashing algorithm. These algorithms are implemented on various hardware for comprehensive analysis. Subsequently, these methods are applied to two raw data sets from a PRNG source and a quantum source. A new benchmark of 19.5 Gbps for Randomness Extraction using the Fast Fourier Transform-based Toeplitz Strong Extractor is demonstrated in this work. The implementation of the algorithm on a GPU-based system demonstrates notably enhanced speed, marking a significant leap beyond the existing state-of-the-art implementations.
First-principales study of the structural, magnetic and optoelectronic properties of double perovskite Ba2FeReO6
Authors: Kerrai Hamza , Zaim Ahmed , Kerouad Mohamed 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this study, we investigate the electronic, magnetic, and optical properties of the Ba2FeReO6 double perovskite using density functional theory within the framework of the full-potential linearized augmented plane Wave method. We employ various approximations including GGA-PBE, GGA + U (Hubbard Coulomb correction), and GGA plus Spin-Orbit coupling (GGA + SOC). The densities of states and spin-polarized band structure reveal a half-metallic behavior with a magnetic moment of 3 μ

B
for all approximations, with iron and rhenium atoms contributing the most to the overall magnetic moment. Regarding optical properties, it can be stated that the Ba2FeReO6 material exhibits strong absorption and holds potential for application across a wide energy range spanning from visible to ultraviolet light spectra in future spintronics and optoelectronic technologies.
Structural, electronic, mechanical, thermodynamic and optical properties of oxide perovskite BeZrO3: a DFT study
Authors: Munshi Md Rajib , Al Masud Md , Khatun Afroza 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The geometrical, electronic, mechanical, thermodynamic, and optical aspects of BeZrO3 crystal have been investigated employing Generalized Gradient Approximation (GGA) with Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof (PBE), Revised Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof (RPBE), Local density approximation (LDA) with Ceperley Alder and Perdew Zunger (CA-PZ) techniques under density functional theory. The band gap values of BeZrO3 have been reported to be 0.603 eV, 0.623 eV, 0.614 eV and 2.20 eV respectively in PBE, RPBE, LDA and Becke, 3-parameter, Lee–Yang–Parr (B3LYP) methods. Total and partial density analysis was used to determine atomic orbital nature of the Be, Zr, and O atoms in BeZrO3. By estimating the Mulliken population charge, the bonding characteristics of BeZrO3 have been elucidated. Using the Born mechanical stability criterion, it was determined that BeZrO3 crystal is mechanically stable. The evaluation of ductile strength was expressed by using Poisson and Pugh’s critical ratios, revealing the inherent elastic anisotropy features. The optical characteristics have been conducted using various methodologies, concluded that BeZrO3 exhibits remarkable efficacy in absorbing ultraviolet and visible light.
Screening effect on the phonon drag induced seebeck coefficient in bilayer graphene/quasi-two-dimensional electron gas structures
Authors: Van Tuan T , Khanh N Q , Van Tai V , Van Nguyen Khoe , Dang Linh Khanh 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this work, we investigate the impacts of the temperature-dependent screening effect on the Seebeck coefficient originating from the phonon drag, namely phonon—drag thermopower S

g
, of a double layer system consisting of bilayer graphene (BLG) separated from a quasi-two-dimensional electron gas (q2DEG) by an air medium (hereafter referred to as BLG-q2DEG). For such a system, we can assume that the two-dimensional (2D) electrons in BLG only interact internally with acoustic phonons. We consider the effects of screening induced by the 2D electrons in q2DEG on the electron–phonon interactions in BLG by comparing with the results obtained when only using the monolayer screening function in BLG. The monolayer screening functions in BLG (q2DEG) do not depend on the distance d between the two layers, and the screening function of the double layer system approaches the respective monolayer screening functions for large d. When taking into account of the screening effect caused by charged carriers in both layers, S

g
of a BLG-q2DEG decreases compared to the case of only considering the monolayer screening effect, especially in the low-T regime. With different carrier densities in the two layers

N

s

BLG

≠

N

s

GaAs

,

it has shown that S

g
strongly depends on BLG. Besides, when changing the width L of the q2DEG such as GaAs quantum well, the double layer screening function makes S

g
increase for small L and negligibly affects S

g
for large L. On the contrary, the monolayer screening functions make S

g
decrease for large L. The monolayer screening functions cause S

g
to increase for

N

s

BLG

<

N

s

GaAs

.