bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rejection sensitivity and borderline personality disorder
Authors: Staebler Katja , Helbing Esther , Rosenbach Charlotte , Renneberg Babette 
Published: May 2010

AbstractRejection sensitivity (RS) is defined as a cognitive‐affective processing disposition of anxious expectation, ready perception and overreaction to rejection cues. RS is widely investigated in social psychology, but research on RS in clinical samples is scarce. Focus of the present study was to examine the role of RS in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) compared to other clinical disorders. The Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire (RSQ) was adapted for application in clinical and non‐clinical samples and proved to be a methodologically sound measure. High correlations between the RSQ and borderline‐specific cognitions (Questionnaire of Thoughts and Feelings) were observed. Compared to several clinical samples as well as healthy controls, BPD patients indicated the highest scores on both measures and differed significantly from all other groups, even from patients with social anxiety disorders. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message:• Rejection sensitivity is strongly associated with BPD symptoms.• A (German) adaption of the RSQ showed good psychometric properties.• Further research should focus on the role of RS for the aetiology and maintenance of mental disorders, especially BPD.
Evaluation of thyroid fine‐needle aspirations: Can ThinPrep be used exclusively to appropriately triage patients having a thyroid nodule?
Authors: Duncan Lisa D. , Forrest Lorien , Law William M. , Hubbard Elizabeth , Stewart Laura E. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThyroid fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) represents an ideal management tool for thyroid nodules. ThinPrep is routinely used in preparation of a variety of nongynecologic cytology specimens, including FNA. The authors investigated ThinPrep to determine if its diagnostic accuracy is sufficient to triage patients presenting with a thyroid nodule. ThinPrep (TP) slides from four separate study categories were reviewed in a blind fashion. Twenty‐five cases of papillary carcinoma, follicular lesion, Hashimoto's thyroiditis and multinodular goiter were examined retrospectively. Diagnostic accuracy of TP for each diagnostic category was determined relative to the final FNA diagnosis. Of 100 total study cases, 46 (46%) had noncorrelation. Twenty five (25%) of the study cases had noncorrelation as a result of insufficient cellularity. The diagnostic accuracy of TP for papillary carcinoma was 64%, for follicular lesion 24%, for Hashimoto's thyroiditis 72% and for multinodular goiter 56%. Cytologic features of papillary carcinoma, Hashimoto's thryoiditis, and multinodular goiter are preserved in TP slides. Cytologic features of follicular lesion are less predictable in TP slides. When all cases of noncorrelation were examined, we concluded that insufficient or marginal cellularity most often accounts for the discrepancy between TP and CS diagnoses in each study category. If techniques can be established to improve cellularity of TP slides, particularly in follicular lesions, we believe that sufficient diagnostic accuracy can be achieved to result in appropriate patient triage. Additional studies exploring methods to improve TP cellularity are needed before TP can be used as the sole diagnostic test for thyroid FNA. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2011;39:341–348. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Endometrial clear cell adenocarcinoma diagnosed by endometrial cytological examination: Two cases report
Authors: Kinoshita Yuichi , Takasu Kosho , Adachi Yasushi , Yuri Takashi , Ikuta Akiko , Shikata, Nobuaki 
Published: May 2010

AbstractIn contrast to endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma (EA), endometrial clear cell adenocarcinoma (ECCA) is rare and shows a clinically aggressive potential, resulting in a poor prognosis. Therefore, the early diagnosis of ECCA is crucial for the treatment of patients bearing the tumor. Here, we report two cases of ECCA diagnosed by cytological examination. Case 1 was a 67‐year‐old female, while case 2 was a 68‐year‐old female. In both cases, tumors of the corpus uteri were identified, and they were diagnosed as ECCA on cytological examination with specimens derived from endometrial brushing. The diagnosis was confirmed by the histological examination of the surgical specimens. Diagn. Cytopathol.2011;39:200–203. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cell cannibalism and cancer
Authors: Sharma Nidhi , Dey Pranab 
Published: May 2010

AbstractCellular cannibalism, defined as a large cell enclosing a slightly smaller one within its cytoplasm. In this review, we discussed the morphology, possible mechanism, and the cytological significance of cannibalism in relation to malignancy. Cannibalism is a completely different entity than phagocyosis, entosis, and emeriopoliosis. It is an important morphologic feature to distinguish benign from malignant lesions. Cannibalism has been described in various cancers such as, bladder cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, etc, and this is related with the aggressiveness of the malignancy. Diagn. Cytopathol.2011;39:229–233. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Differentiation of structural isomers in a target drug database by LC/Q‐TOFMS using fragmentation prediction
Authors: Tyrkkö Elli , Pelander Anna , Ojanperä Ilkka 
Published: May 2010

AbstractIsomers cannot be differentiated from each other solely based on accurate mass measurement of the compound. A liquid chromatography/quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (LC/Q‐TOFMS) method was used to systematically fragment a large group of different isomers. Two software programs were used to characterize in silico mass fragmentation of compounds in order to identify characteristic fragments. The software programs employed were ACD/MS Fragmenter (ACD Labs Toronto, Canada), which uses general fragmentation rules to generate fragments based on the structure of a compound, and SmartFormula3D (Bruker Daltonics), which assigns fragments from a mass spectra and calculates the molecular formulae for the ions using accurate mass data. From an in‐house toxicology database of 874 drug substances, 48 isomer groups comprising 111 compounds, for which a reference standard was available, were found. The product ion spectra were processed with the two software programs and 1–3 fragments were identified for each compound. In 82% of the cases, the fragment could be identified with both software programs. Only 10 isomer pairs could not be differentiated from each other based on their fragments. These compounds were either diastereomers or position isomers undergoing identical fragmentation. Accurate mass data could be utilized with both software programs for structural elucidation of the fragments. Mean mass accuracy and isotopic pattern match values (SigmaFit; Bruker Daltonics Bremen, Germany) were 0.9 mDa and 24.6 mSigma, respectively. The study introduces a practical approach for preliminary compound identification in a large target database by LC/Q‐TOFMS without necessarily possessing reference standards. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tamoxifen‐inducible podocyte‐specific iCre recombinase transgenic mouse provides a simple approach for modulation of podocytes in vivo
Authors: Wang Jinrong , Wang Yin , Long Jianyin , Chang Benny H.J. , Wilson Mathew H. , Overbeek Paul , Danesh Farhad R. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractWe report the generation and initial characterization of a mouse line expressing tamoxifen‐inducible improved Cre (iCre) recombinase (iCre‐ERT2) under the regulation of NPHS2 (podocin) gene promoter. The resulting transgenic mouse line was named podocin‐iCreERT2 mice. The efficiency of iCre activity was confirmed by crossing podocin‐iCreERT2 with the ROSA26 reporter mouse. By using the floxed ROSA reporter mice, we found that tamoxifen specifically induced recombination in the kidneys. In the absence of tamoxifen, recombination was undetectable in podocin‐iCreERT2;ROSA26 mice. However, following intraperitoneal injection of tamoxifen, selective recombination was observed in the podocytes of adult animals. We further examined the efficiency of recombination by assessing various tamoxifen exposure regimens in adult mice. These results suggest that podocin‐iCre‐ERT2 mouse provides an excellent genetic tool to examine the function of candidate genes in podocytes in a spatially and temporally‐restricted manner. genesis 48:446–451, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Adaptation to climate change in the European union: efficiency versus equity considerations
Authors: Aakre Stine , Rübbelke Dirk T.G. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractEU climate policy based on reduction (mitigation) of greenhouse gas emissions is coupled with measures aimed at responding efficiently to the unavoidable consequences of climate change (adaptation). However, as the European Commission stated recently in its Green and White Papers on adaptation in Europe, there is still need to develop an overall EU adaptation strategy. Moreover, such a strategy should take into consideration both efficiency and equity concerns. In this article we propose a framework for EU adaptation policy that addresses the two concerns and which enables a transparent decision‐making process. In the proposed scheme universal weightings of the individual policy objectives have to be agreed upon prior to actual decision‐making. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
The evolution of Chinese policies and governance structures on environment, energy and climate
Authors: Tsang Stephen , Kolk Ans 
Published: May 2010

AbstractAlthough a successor to the 1997 Kyoto Protocol has not yet materialized, the 2009 Copenhagen meeting underlined the importance of China in international debates on climate and energy. This is based not only on China's current climate emissions, but also on its expected energy use and economic growth. Within China, climate issues have, like environmental pollution more generally, received increasing government and societal attention, but so has energy – topics that relate to one other but also have different priorities and actor interests behind them. However, while climate change has become more prominent, as shown in the targets included in the current five‐year plan, its institutional embeddedness in relation to particularly energy issues has received limited attention. This paper aims to help shed some light on how Chinese policies and governance structures on energy, climate and environment have evolved, particularly considering the roles of national and provincial authorities. Administrative structures and policy‐making processes turn out to be very complex, with a range of units and bodies at different levels with distinct responsibilities as well as inter‐linkages. Moreover, tensions and conflicts can be found regarding climate change and environmental policies on the one hand, and prevailing objectives to further economic development on the other. Energy policies serve the same economic goals, with climate change being most often operationalized in terms of energy conservation. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Preparation of New Ligand‐Deficient Thiocyanato Compounds with Cooperative Magnetic Phenomena by Thermal Decomposition of Their Ligand‐Rich Precursors
Authors: Wriedt Mario , Näther Christian 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe reaction of nickel thiocyanate with bipy (4,4′‐bipyridine) in water at room temperature leads to the formation of the ligand‐rich 1:2 (1:2 ratio between metal salt and organic ligand) hydrate [{Ni(NCS)2(bipy)(H2O)2}·(bipy)]n (1‐Ni), which is isotypic to its analogues 1‐Mn and 1‐Co reported recently. In their crystal structure, the metal cations are coordinated by two terminal N‐bonded thiocyanato anions, two water molecules, and two bridging bipy ligands in an octahedral coordination mode. These building blocks elongate in linear M–bipy–M chains, which are further connected by hydrogen bonds between H2O and noncoordinated bipy ligands into layers. On heating these precursor compounds, two‐step decomposition is observed: New ligand‐rich 1:2 anhydrous compounds [M(NCS)2(bipy)2]n [M = Mn (2‐Mn), Co (2‐Co), and Ni (2‐Ni)] could be identified as intermediates in the first heating step, and new ligand‐deficient 1:1 compounds [M(NCS)2(bipy)]n [M = Mn (3‐Mn), Co (3‐Co), and Ni (3‐Ni)] could be identified as intermediates in the second heating step. A smooth reaction pathway in their crystal structures is observed: First, water is removed, leading to directly coordinating bipy ligands, and second, half of the bipy ligands are removed, leading to μ‐1,3‐bridging thiocyanato anions. This structural transformation is accompanied by a dramatic change in their magnetic properties: Whereas the ligand‐rich 1:2 hydrates and anhydrous compounds show only Curie–Weiss paramagnetism, the ligand‐deficient 1:1 intermediates show either Curie–Weiss paramagnetism or antiferromagnetic ordering at lower temperatures, mediated by the bridging thiocyanato anions. These results are qualitatively compared with those of the related ligand‐rich and ligand‐deficient compounds with pyrazine and pyrimidine.
Ionic Liquids for Lanthanide and Actinide Chemistry
Authors: Mudring Anja‐Verena , Tang Sifu 
Published: May 2010

AbstractIonic liquid chemistry has developed into a tremendously popular field of chemistry in the last decade. It has been realized that ionic liquids show features that cannot be realized in conventional molecular solvents. The widely tuneable class of ionic liquids has become important for lanthanide and actinide coordination chemistry, f‐element spectroscopy, f‐element electrochemistry and electrodeposition, organic synthesis and catalysis as well as inorganic nanomaterial synthesis. For example, ionic liquids offer the possibility to synthesize and crystallize quite uncommon lanthanide compounds. Ionic liquids can also be designed in such a way that they become excellent media to study the optical properties of lanthanide compounds. And even ionic liquids based on f‐elements can be made. Hydrophobic ionic liquids may replace organic solvents in liquid/liquid f‐element extraction processes, not only as a safer extraction phase but also as a smart extractant. Their wide electrochemical window and large ion conductivity make ionic liquids interesting solvents to study the electrodeposition of the very electropositive lanthanide elements. For f‐element‐catalyzed reactions, higher reaction rates, enhanced selectivity, better immobilization of the catalyst and an easy product recovery have often been observed in certain ionic liquids.
Metal Salt Mediated Radical Reactions of 2‐Substituted‐1,4‐Naphthoquinones
Authors: Lin Zhen‐Yu , Chen Yu‐Ling , Lee Chih‐Shone , Chuang Che‐Ping 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe silver(II)‐ and manganese(III)‐mediated radical reactions of 2‐substituted‐1,4‐naphthoquinones are described. Acyl radicals generated by the oxidative decarboxylation of α‐keto acids with silver(I) nitrate and persulfate undergo efficient radical addition to the C=C bond of 2‐(1‐hydroxyalkyl)‐1,4‐naphthoquinones and 2‐(1‐amidoalkyl)‐1,4‐naphthoquinones. This reaction provides an effective method for the synthesis of naphtho[2,3‐c]furan‐4,9‐diones and benzo[f]isoindole‐4,9‐diones. In the presence of O2, manganese(III) acetate oxidation of β‐keto esters also generates acyl radicals, which then undergo radical addition to 2‐(1‐amidoalkyl)‐1,4‐naphthoquinones, and subsequently, benzo[f]isoindole‐4,9‐diones are produced.
The Grignard Reaction of Cyclodextrin‐6‐aldehydes Revisited: A Study of the Stereoselectivity Upon Addition of Organometallic Reagents to Aldehydes and Ketones
Authors: Lindbäck Emil , Zhou You , Marinescu Lavinia , Pedersen Christian M. , Bols Mikael 
Published: May 2010

Abstract2A–G,3A–G,6B–G‐Icosakis‐O‐benzyl‐6A‐O‐oxo‐β‐cyclodextrinwas treated with aromatic and aliphatic Grignard reagents to give diastereomeric mixtures of the secondary alcohols with remarkable difference in polarity. Moderate‐to‐good yields and selectivity were obtained. By oxidizing the secondary alcohols, followed by a second Grignard reaction, good to excellent yields and selectivity of tertiary alcohols could be obtained. The stereochemistry of the reaction outcome was shown to be dependent on the order of addition of the Grignard reagents and could be efficiently controlled.
RAMA stain: A fast, sensitive and less protein‐modifying CBB R250 stain
Authors: Yasumitsu Hidetaro , Ozeki Yasuhiro , Kawsar Sarkar M. A. , Fujii Yuki , Sakagami Masayuki , Matuo Yuhsi , Toda Tosifusa , Katsuno Hiroshi 
Published: May 2010

AbstractSDS‐PAGE and CBB staining are two of the most popular methods used for protein analysis. Although many reports that describe such staining methods have been published, these conventional protocols require several hours or days for staining and de‐staining. In this study we describe a recently developed, fast and sensitive CBB staining method that utilizes the staining solution of RAMA that consists of the low‐cost reagents: CBB R250, acetic acid, methanol and ammonium sulfate, and the destaining solution of water. Our method dose dependently detects 12 nanograms protein within 60 min and with a wide protein spectrum. Although the features of the dose‐dependent relationship depend upon protein amounts and protein types, for most of the protein samples tested, a linear relationship was observed in the region from 12 to 330 ng. Moreover, through further washing, the detection sensitivity of protein is enhanced and reaches a maximum at 1.4 ng and then gradually decreases in the de‐staining process. It has been shown recently through MS analyses that the sensitive colloidal CBB staining methods frequently result in artifactual methylations due to the strong acid and long contact during staining and the destaining processes. Such artifacts were reported to be reduced by the replacement of strong inorganic acid with acetic acid and because RAMA utilizes acetic acid and is in contact with the proteins for a short time during staining and de‐staining, it is expected that in vitro artifacts will be reduced. Finally, MS analyses of RAMA‐stained protein bands were revealed not to have been methylated.
Preparative free‐flow electrophoretic offline ESI‐Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance/MS analysis of Suwannee River fulvic acid
Authors: Gaspar Andras , Harir Mourad , Hertkorn Norbert , Schmitt‐Kopplin Philippe 
Published: May 2010

AbstractFree‐flow electrophoresis (FFE), a preparative free zone electrophoretic method, was used offline in conjunction with ultrahigh‐resolution FT/ion cyclotron resonance ‐MS to resolve the complexity of Suwannee River fulvic acid (SRFA). Before MS, the FFE separation conditions and the compatibility with ESI were optimized. The constituents in SRFA were effectively separated based on their charge states and sizes. The obtained mass spectra were compared by means of van Krevelen diagrams and the calculated aromaticity indices of the individual constituents were used to describe the distribution of aromatic/unsaturated structures across the FFE‐fractionated samples. The consolidated number of ions observed within the individual SRFA fractions were much higher than those of the bulk samples alone, demonstrating extensive ion suppression effects in bulk SRFA likely also operating in the analysis of complex biogeochemical mixtures in flow injection mode. The FFE approach allows for producing sizable amounts of sample from dilute solutions, which can be easily fractionated into dozens of individual samples with the possibility of further in‐depth characterization.
Simplified method for concentration of mitochondrial membrane protein complexes
Authors: Yeh Steve T. , Angelos Mark G. , Chen Yeong‐Renn 
Published: May 2010

AbstractExtracting and concentrating mitochondrial protein complexes from gel strips after blue native PAGE (BN‐PAGE) can be daunting tasks using the traditional methods, such as electroelution, passive diffusion and centrifugal concentration. We present a simplified gel electrophoresis method to concentrate mitochondrial protein complexes with excellent recovery rate. Mitochondrial complex I present in a long gel strip from BN‐PAGE can be easily concentrated into a 0.8 cm gel strip when a second BN‐PAGE is performed with a Y‐shaped gel and the addition of 0.01% n‐dodecyl β‐D‐maltoside and 0.001% SDS in the cathode buffer. Once completed, the concentrated protein complex in the gel strip is ready for SDS‐PAGE or proteomic studies.
A sediment-contact bioassay with Photobacterium phosphoreum
Authors: Brouwer Henry , Murphy Tom , McArdle Lucy 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
A new, rapid test is reported for the toxicity screening of sediments using inhibition of Photobacterium phosphoreum. The bacteria are placed in direct contact with the sediment and the change in luminescence of the Photobacterium is used to determine the toxicity of the sediment relative to a control site. This sediment-contact bioassay appears to be more sensitive to hydrophobic contaminants such as a polychlorinated biphenyl than the standard sediment elutriate test with Microtox® bioassay.
Aquatic environmental fate of nitroguanidine
Authors: Haag Werner R. , Spanggord Ronald , Mill Theodore , Podoll R. Thomas , Chou Tsong-Wen , Tse Doris S. , Harper James C. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe environmental fate of nitroguanidine (NQ) in surface waters is dominated by photolysis with surface half-lives at 40°N ranging from 0.6 d in summer to 2.3 d in winter. The environmental quantum yield is 0.01. The NQ is initially photolyzed to nitrite and hydroxyguanidine; nitrite is photochemically converted to nitrate and hydroxyguanidine undergoes sensitized photolysis to unknown products. The photooxidation of nitrite is assisted by organic material in a process not involving H2O2 or singlet oxygen. Nitroguanidine biotransforms cometabolically; in the absence of extra organic nutrients the second-order rate constant was (3.8 ± 0.9) × 10−10 ml cell−1 h−1. Half-life estimates for aerobic, aquatic biotransformation range from 1 to 100 d. Cyanamide appears to be an end product of NQ use and no intermediate biotransformation products were observed. Nitroguanidine is expected to move readily through soils (soil sorption coefficient Kp &lt; 0.1); however, anaerobic biotransformation occurs readily in soil, with an estimated half-life of 4 d.Other fate parameters measured at 25°C are a water solubility of 2,600 ± 100 ppm, octanol/water partition coefficient of 0.148 ± 0.001 (dimensionless), Henry's constant of &lt; 7 × 10−6 (dimension-less), base hydrolysis constant of (3 ± 1) × 10−4 M−1 S−1, neutral hydrolysis constant ≤ 2 × 10−8 s−1, and biouptake constants of 110 g dry cells/g water for Anabena flos-aquae and 150 g dry cells/g water for Selenastrum capricornutum.