bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prospective study to estimate mandibular cancellous bone density using large‐volume cone‐beam computed tomography
Authors: Naitoh Munetaka , Hirukawa Akiko , Katsumata Akitoshi , Ariji Eiichiro 
Published: May 2010

AbstractObjective: Because pixel or voxel values obtained from cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) images are not absolute values, the bone density cannot be evaluated. Hence, the regression line between voxel values of CBCT and the bone mineral density (BMDs) of multislice CT (MSCT) was prospectively evaluated to investigate the mandibular cancellous bone density. Also, the usefulness of a reference bone block was evaluated on assessing a low mandibular bone density.Materials and methods: A total of 15 (two males and 13 females) patients who had undergone postoperative imaging for mandibular dental implant treatment with a bone graft using CBCT and MSCT were enrolled in this investigation. Voxel values of region of interests in CBCT were transformed to BMDs using a regression line from a previous study, and differences between BMDs obtained using CBCT and MSCT were calculated. Also, the voxel values of CBCT at the selected sites, in which the bone density was measured between 100 and 300 mg/cm3 of hydroxyapatite (HA) in MSCT, were assessed regarding whether they were higher or lower than the BMD of the reference bone block.Results: The mean overall difference was 38 mg/cm3 of HA. Thirty‐eight of the 45 sites (84%) were accurately assessed using the reference bone block.Conclusion: The usefulness of a regression line for BMD estimation in CBCT was prospectively confirmed in mandibular cancellous bone. Also, the reference bone block was useful to assess the low bone density of mandibular cancellous bone on CBCT with a large volume. To cite this article:
Naitoh M, Hirukawa A, Katsumata A, Ariji E. Prospective study to estimate mandibular cancellous bone density using large‐volume cone‐beam computed tomography. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. xx, 2010; 1309–1313. doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2010.01950.x
Methylthioadenosine phosphorylase represents a predictive marker for response to adjuvant interferon therapy in patients with malignant melanoma
Authors: Meyer Stefanie , Wild Peter J. , Vogt Thomas , Bataille Frauke , Ehret Christoph , Gantner Susanne , Landthaler Michael , Klinkhammer‐Schalke Monika , Hofstaedter Ferdinand , Bosserhoff Anja K. 
Published: May 2010

Please cite this article as: Methylthioadenosine phosphorylase represents a predictive marker for response to adjuvant interferon therapy in patients with malignant melanoma. Experimental Dermatology 2010; 19: e251–e257.Abstract:  Using tissue microarrays assembling 465 nevi, primary melanomas and metastases, we investigated whether expression of methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP), a recently suggested biomarker of malignant melanoma, has prognostic significance and may predict responsiveness to adjuvant interferon therapy in patients with melanoma. Because of its association with MTAP activity and interferon signalling pathways, signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) immunohistochemistry was analysed, too. MTAP expression was significantly reduced in melanomas and metastases compared with nevi (P < 0.001); STAT1 expression significantly increased. In melanomas, loss of MTAP expression was significantly related to Clark level (P < 0.05) and tumor thickness (P < 0.01); whereas STAT1 immunoreactivity was significantly related to gender (p < 0.05) and tumor thickness (P < 0.05). Interestingly, subgroup analysis of patients with a tumor thickness of 1.5–4.0 mm revealed a significant survival benefit from adjuvant interferon treatment regarding recurrence‐free survival (RFS; P < 0.05) if MTAP expression was observed in the primary melanoma. Patients with STAT1‐positive melanomas also tended to benefit from interferon concerning RFS (P = 0.074) and showed a significant benefit concerning overall survival (OS; P < 0.05). According to Cox analysis, MTAP expression in contrast to STAT1 was an independent positive prognostic marker for RFS and OS. In conclusion, MTAP represents a highly promising immunohistochemical marker for prognosis and interferon response of patients with malignant melanoma.
Isolation, identification of Streptococcus pneumoniae from infected rhesus monkeys and control efficacy
Authors: Zou Shasha , Luo Qihui , Chen Zhengli , Cheng Anchun , Wang Mingshu , Zhu Dekang , Jia Renyong , Liu Fei , Chen Xiaoyue , Zhou Yi , Bi Fengjun , Yang Zexia 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBackground  Streptococcus pneumoniae can cause a wide variety of illnesses. Primate animals can be infected by the pneumococcus. A disease occurred among rhesus monkeys in winter 2006.Methods  Routine clinical observation, necropsies, bacteriological examinations were conducted, and PCR, pathogenicity to BALB/c mice and antibiotic susceptibility test were examined additionally.Results  We conclude that the agent is S. pneumoniae. Based on the antibiotic susceptibility test, a dose of 20 mg/kg body weight daily of Erythromycin was given intramuscular injection for 5 days, resulting in the disappearance of clinical signs, and no newly case reappear be observed till today.Conclusions  Therefore, it is suggested that the outbreak of respiratory disease in the rhesus monkeys was because of transmission of S. pneumoniae among rhesus monkeys. The antibiotic therapy finding underscores the utility of Erythromycin to cure the infected rhesus monkeys without causing side effects and without contributing to the further development of antibiotic resistance.
Policy benchmarking report on neonatal health and social policies in 13 European countries
Authors: Keller Matthias , Felderhoff‐Mueser Ursula , Lagercrantz Hugo , Dammann Olaf , Marlow Neil , Hüppi Petra , Buonocore Giuseppe , Poets Christian , Simbruner Georg , Guimaraes Hercilia , Mader Silke , Merialdi Mario , Saugstad Ola D 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBackground and aim:  Preterm birth is the major cause of infant mortality and morbidity in both developed and developing countries. In Europe, the prevalence rate of premature birth ranges from 5.5 to 11.4% ‐ an average of 7.1% of all live births. In this report, we aim to compare the current health and social policies, as well as practices in 13 EU member states.Materials and methods:  Using desk research, relevant information was gathered from each of the 13 European countries with regard to the prevalence of preterm birth, the cost of preterm birth to healthcare budgets, and the relevant policies, guidelines and practices in place at the national and, in some cases, regional level. The information comes from a range of sources, including government and parent association websites, published scientific literature and media reports.Results:  Despite the growing prevalence and increasing costs, neonatal and preterm infant health rank low on the policy agendas of EU member states.Conclusion:  Based on the findings, there are a number of recommendations that should be considered. The European Union should (i) recognize the growing challenge of prematurity in Europe and its significant impact on infant morbidity and mortality, (ii) improve neonatal health through the development and implementation of coordinated EU health and social policies, (iii) address the lack of comparable European data on prematurity, including prevalence, mortality, acute morbidity and long‐term impairment, (iv) also increase the standard of neonatal care across Europe by supporting the development and implementation of European medical guidelines and quality standards, (v) support the development of European postgraduate training programmes in Peri‐ and Neonatology in order to increase the quality and availability of trained healthcare professionals.
Utp25p, a nucleolar Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein, interacts with U3 snoRNP subunits and affects processing of the 35S pre‐rRNA
Authors: Goldfeder Mauricio B. , Oliveira Carla C. 
Published: May 2010

In eukaryotes, pre‐rRNA processing depends on a large number of nonribosomal trans‐acting factors that form intriguingly organized complexes. Two intermediate complexes, pre‐40S and pre‐60S, are formed at the early stages of 35S pre‐rRNA processing and give rise to the mature ribosome subunits. Each of these complexes contains specific pre‐rRNAs, some ribosomal proteins and processing factors. The novel yeast protein Utp25p has previously been identified in the nucleolus, an indication that this protein could be involved in ribosome biogenesis. Here we show that Utp25p interacts with the SSU processome proteins Sas10p and Mpp10p, and affects 18S rRNA maturation. Depletion of Utp25p leads to accumulation of the pre‐rRNA 35S and the aberrant rRNA 23S, and to a severe reduction in 40S ribosomal subunit levels. Our results indicate that Utp25p is a novel SSU processome subunit involved in pre‐40S maturation.Structured digital abstract
MINT‐7889901: SAS10 (uniprotkb:Q12136) physically interacts (MI:0915) with Utp25p (uniprotkb:P40498) by pull down (MI:0096)
MINT‐7889915: NIP7 (uniprotkb:Q08962) physically interacts (MI:0915) with RRP43 (uniprotkb:P25359) by two hybrid (MI:0018)
MINT‐7889852: Utp25p (uniprotkb:P40498) physically interacts (MI:0915) with MPP10 (uniprotkb:P47083) by two hybrid (MI:0018)
MINT‐7890065: NOP1 (uniprotkb:P15646) and Utp25p (uniprotkb:P40498) colocalize (MI:0403) by fluorescence microscopy (MI:0416)
MINT‐7889865: Utp25p (uniprotkb:P40498) physically interacts (MI:0915) with SAS10 (uniprotkb:Q12136) by two hybrid (MI:0018)
Determination of Human Penile Electrical Resistance and Implication on Safety for Electrosurgery of Penis
Authors: Tsai Vincent F.S. , Chang Hong-Chiang , Liu Shih-Ping , Kuo Yuh-Chen , Chen Jyh-Horng , Jaw Fu-Shan , Hsieh Ju-Ton 
Published: May 2010

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Electrosurgery has been a surgical application since the late 19th century. Although many urologists take this daily application for granted, the effects of electrical treatment on penile nerves and vessels have not been well documented.

Aim
To investigate the electrical characteristics of the penis and erectile tissues and to discover the potential hazards of electrosurgery on the penis.

Methods
Measurement of the electrical characteristics of three human penises in order to create models to analyze the effect of electricity on penile nerves and vessels.

Main Outcome Measures
Electrical resistivity of the penile shaft, electrical current density, and electric field strength on penile nerves and vessels, proportion of generated heat on the penis and electrical current density of the electrosurgery return electrode.

Results
Electrical resistivity (ρ) of the penile shaft is 127.14 Ω · cm at 500 kHz. Electrical current density (J) of the penis shaft is 71.06 mA/cm†, nerve (60.23 mA/cm†), vessel (67.93 mA/cm†), and return electrode (2.11 mA/cm†). Electrical field strength (E) of the whole penis shaft is 9.03 volt/cm. The proportion of generated heat on the penis is four times as much as on other body parts of the circuit.

Conclusions
Potential and subclinical injury to erectile tissue caused by electrosurgery on the penis cannot be underestimated. The injury mechanism can be attributed to a thermal (electrical current) effect and a nonthermal (mainly electrical field) effect. Ways to avoid the electrosurgical injury are: using less power (W)/electrical field and less time, biopolar electrosurgery confining the injured area, ligation to achieve hemostasis, and new laser technologies.
Management of Female Sexual Problems: Perceived Barriers, Practice Patterns, and Confidence among Primary Care Physicians and Gynecologists
Authors: Abdolrasulnia Maziar , Shewchuk Richard M. , Roepke Nancy , Granstaff U. Shanette , Dean John , Foster Jill A. , Goldstein Andrew T. , Casebeer Linda 
Published: May 2010

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Although approximately 40% of women report female sexual problems—and particularly sexual desire disorders, there are numerous practical, professional, and personal barriers to their diagnosis and management by treating clinicians.

Aim
To identify practice patterns, perceptions, and barriers to the diagnosis and management of female sexual problems among U.S. practicing primary care physicians (PCPs) and obstetrician/gynecologists (OB/GYNs).

Methods
A random sample of practicing U.S. PCPs and OB/GYNs were sent a case-vignette survey by e-mail and fax. Response to the survey was considered consent. A regression model was analyzed to assess predictors of confidence.

Main Outcome Measure
Frequency and variability in diagnostic tests ordered and treatment recommendations provided for a patient with diminished sexual desire. Percent of physicians who reported they were confident in treating hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) and percent who reported significant barriers to initiating a dialogue about sexual health with female patients.

Results
A total of 505 responses were analyzed (8.8% response rate). Of respondents, 21% of OB/GYNs and 38% of PCPs stated they were not at all confident in treating HSDD. The majority of physicians would order a thyroid panel (PCP=63%, OB/GYN=53%) to assess a patient’s diminished desire and recommended counseling and stress management to treat a patient with sexual complaints (PCP=48%, OB/GYN=54%). Regression results identified time constraints, the perceived lack of effective therapies, perceptions regarding patient-physician gender discordance, years in practice, number of patients seen per week, and perceptions regarding continuing medical education and practice experience as significant and independent predictors of confidence in treating HSDD patients.

Conclusions
Discussion of sexual health is difficult, but there are independent predictors of confidence in treating patients with decreased desire.
Genetic variability in autochthonous Basques from Guipuzcoa: a view from MHC microsatellites
Authors: García‐Obregón S. , Alfonso‐Sánchez M. A. , Pérez‐Miranda A. M. , Gómez‐Pérez L. , De Pancorbo M. M. , Peña J. A. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryFive short tandem repeats (STRs) located at human chromosome 6 were analysed in 97 autochthonous Basques from Guipuzcoa (northern Spain), with the aim of assessing the genetic relationships of Basques at a European scale, based on the variability of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region, and comparing the phylogenetic information obtained from STRs, and from HLA class I genes (HLA‐A and HLA‐B) for the same set of European populations. The integrative approach was focused on D6S265 and D6S2792, according to availability of population databases. FST genetic distances obtained from STRs and from HLA loci were very similar, thereby describing a comparable pattern of genetic structuring among the European populations. These findings were supported by results of the Mantel test of matrix correspondence (r = 0.796, P = 0.0022) and by significant correlations between the first two FST eigenvectors of STRs and HLA genes. Coinciding with previous phylogenetic studies, Basques showed substantial genetic differentiation within the European context, probably as a result of the impact of random genetic drift and high inbreeding levels for extended periods of isolation even from adjacent populations. Analysis of the geographical distribution of the allele frequencies revealed a great number of latitudinal frequency clines in both the MHC STRs and the HLA class I genes, which supports the notion of the post‐glacial resettlement of Europe being a crucial factor in the genetic make‐up of Europeans. Our results indicate that analysing the genetic variability of MHC microsatellites could be a suitable strategy in evaluating the role of evolutionary forces such as natural selection (because of genetic hitchhiking effect), genetic drift and gene flow in the maintenance of polymorphism at the MHC region, because STRs can efficiently complement the genetic information obtained from HLA genes.
Transforming growth factor beta receptor II (TGFBR2) polymorphisms and the association with nonsegmental vitiligo in the Korean population
Authors: Yun J. Y. , Uhm Y. K. , Kim H. J. , Lim S. H. , Chung J.‐H. , Shin M.‐k. , Yim S.‐V. , Lee M.‐H. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryThe precise cause of vitiligo is unknown. However, autoimmunity is considered the most likely aetiology, especially in nonsegmental vitiligo (NSV). In this study we determined whether or not the transforming growth factor beta receptor II (TGFBR2) gene contributes to susceptibility for NSV in the Korean population. Blood samples were collected from 415 controls and 233 cases. We selected three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TGFBR2 gene. The genotypes of the SNPs were determined using direct sequencing. All of the SNPs were significantly different between the vitiligo patients and controls (rs2005061, co‐dominant, dominant, recessive, P < 0.05; rs3773645, co‐dominant, dominant, recessive, P < 0.05; rs3773649, co‐dominant, recessive, P < 0.05). In addition, haplotype 1 (CG) and haplotype 2 (GA) of the linkage disequilibrium (LD) block were also associated with a risk of NSV. The present study suggests that TGFBR2 might be related to NSV.
CCR5, RANTES and SDF‐1 polymorphisms and mother‐to‐child HIV‐1 transmission
Authors: Katz D. A. , John‐Stewart G. C. , Richardson B. A. , Majiwa M. , Mabuka J. M. , Lohman‐Payne B. , Farquhar C. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryAmong 288 HIV‐1‐infected, breastfeeding women who received zidovudine prophylaxis and were followed with their infants in Nairobi, we found no associations between maternal genetic polymorphisms in CCR5 (59029G/A, 59353T/C, 59356T/C, 59402G/A), RANTES (‐403G/A) and SDF‐1 (3’801G/A) and mother‐to‐child HIV‐1 transmission; plasma, cervical and breastmilk viral loads; or breastmilk chemokine concentrations.
Coronatine Alleviates Water Deficiency Stress on Winter Wheat Seedlings
Authors: Li Xiangwen , Shen Xuefeng , Li Jianmin , Egrinya Eneji Anthony , Li Zhaohu , Tian Xiaoli , Duan Liusheng 
Published: May 2010

Abstract With the aim to determine whether coronatine (COR) alleviates drought stress on wheat, two winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars, ChangWu134 (drought‐tolerant) and Shan253 (drought‐sensitive) were studied under hydroponic conditions. Seedlings at the three‐leaf stage were cultured in a Hoagland solution containing COR at 0.1 μM for 24 h, and then exposed to 20% polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG‐6000). Under simulated drought (SD), COR increased the dry weight of shoots and roots of the two cultivars significantly; the root/shoot ratio also increased by 30% for Shan253 and 40% for ChangWu134. Both cultivars treated with COR under SD (0.1COR+PEG) maintained significantly higher relative water content, photosynthesis, transpiration, intercellular concentration of CO2 and stomatal conductance in leaves than those not treated with PEG. Under drought, COR significantly decreased the relative conductivity and malondialdehyde production, and the loss of 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl scavenging activity in leaves was significantly alleviated in COR‐treated plants. The activity of peroxidase, catalase, glutathione reductase and ascorbate peroxidase were adversely affected by drought. Leaves of plants treated with COR under drought produced less abscisic acid (ABA) than those not treated. Thus, COR might alleviate drought effects on wheat by reducing active oxygen species production, activating antioxidant enzymes and changing the ABA level.
MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF COOKED BEAN SPROUT SALAD CONSUMED IN KOREA
Authors: SEO SUNHEE , SEO HAENA , CHA MYEONGHWA , OH MIHWA 
Published: May 2010

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to evaluate the microbiological quality of cooked bean sprout salad produced at a university cafeteria in Seoul, Korea. The microbiological analysis data indicated total pate counts ranging from 3.20 × 103colony forming units (cfu)/g to 1.15 × 108cfu/g, and total coliforms counts ranging from 1.13 cfu/g to 2.24 × 103 cfu/g. However, foodborne pathogenic bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus, were not detected in the cooked soybean sprout salad samples at any period of production. The obtained results indicate that the consumption of cooked bean sprout salad may not be safe if defective handling practices occur during various phases of production. These results can be used to establish risk management strategies for the prevention of foodborne diseases and to develop food safety and sanitation policies within the catering industry.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSThis study investigated the microbial quality of cooked soybean sprout salad, reporting that total bacterial counts were sometimes at unsafe levels and coliforms appeared in every phase of preparation. The factors identified as affecting the microbiological quality and safety of the salad must be checked during handling, preparation and service to increase consumer protection. The data from this study emphasize the need for appropriate personal hygiene practices, such as using disposable gloves and avoiding cross‐contamination from bare hands. In addition, appropriate temperature controls are critical during every production phase to prevent bacterial growth. Finally, the process of cooling in cold water was estimated to be the most important critical control point for maintaining microbiological safety and restraining bacterial growth.
Claudins of intestine and nephron – a correlation of molecular tight junction structure and barrier function
Authors: Amasheh S. , Fromm M. , Günzel D. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractA prerequisite of epithelial transport is a paracellular barrier function, which seals the tissue against an uncontrolled leak flux. Moreover, selective paracellular permeability has been shown to be crucial for physiological epithelial transport function. Claudins are tetraspan tight junction proteins which play a major role in paracellular ion permeability across epithelia. The multigene family consists of 24 members and several splice variants which show distinct tissue‐specific expression profiles. Moreover, in diseases associated with a loss of barrier function such as forms of inflammatory bowel disease, the expression of claudins is altered. Functional characterization of single claudins revealed specific contribution to barrier properties in epithelia. This review gives an overview on the exploration of molecular structure and barrier function along the intestine and nephron, which not only share mechanisms of selective restriction of the paracellular pathway but also exhibit distinct organ‐specific characteristics.
Luminal chemosensing in the duodenal mucosa
Authors: Akiba Y. , Kaunitz J. D. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe upper gastrointestinal (GI) mucosa is exposed to endogenous and exogenous chemicals, including gastric acid, CO2 and nutrients. Mucosal chemical sensors are necessary to exert physiological responses such as secretion, digestion, absorption and motility. We propose the mucosal chemosensing system by which luminal chemicals are sensed to trigger mucosal defence mechanisms via mucosal acid sensors and taste receptors. Luminal acid/CO2 is sensed via ecto‐ and cytosolic carbonic anhydrases and ion transporters in the epithelial cells and via acid sensors on the afferent nerves in the duodenum and the oesophagus. Gastric acid sensing is differentially mediated via endocrine cell acid sensors and afferent nerves. Furthermore, a luminal l‐glutamate signal is mediated via epithelial l‐glutamate receptors, including metabotropic glutamate receptors and taste receptor 1 family heterodimers, with activation of afferent nerves and cyclooxygenase, whereas luminal Ca2+ is differently sensed via the calcium‐sensing receptor in the duodenum. These luminal chemosensors help to activate mucosal defence mechanisms in order to maintain the mucosal integrity and physiological responses of the upper GI tract. Stimulation of luminal chemosensing in the upper GI mucosa may prevent mucosal injury, affect nutrient metabolism and modulate sensory nerve activity.