bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gaceta de Roma (Valencia, Felipe Mey, 1618-1620). Estudio y edición crítica del primer periódico español
Authors: Soto Escobar Rafael , Díaz Noci Javier , Espejo-Cala Carmen 
Published: February 2025

Contiene una una edición crítica de lo que denominamos la Gazeta de Roma, una serie de impresos semiperiódicos que durante al menos dos años (entre 1618 y 1620) publicó en Valencia el taller del impresor Felipe Mey, y que puede ser considerada como el primer periódico de la Península Ibérica. Presentamos los once números hasta ahora recuperados de esta serie, con diferentes títulos pero claramente todos ellos fruto de la misma estrategia editorial. Esperamos que esta edición ponga al alcance de los investigadores estos impresos, cuya consideración debería servir para reescribir en cierta medida el relato de la aparición del periodismo en Europa –pues no parece que pueda sostenerse el lugar común de que esta actividad cultural llega a la península con notable retraso con respecto a las prácticas del centro y norte del continente–. Planteamos por otro lado una metodología y criterios de edición y análisis de los textos informativos de la Edad Moderna, con aplicación de técnicas como el análisis de fuentes, el análisis estilístico y narratológico y al análisis de redes sociales. Con esta edición pretendemos contribuir al estudio de la historia de los orígenes de los periódicos y del periodismo en España.

Los autores son doctores e investigadores, reputados especialistas en Ciencias de la Comunicación. Rafael Soto Escobar es Técnico Auxiliar Especialista en Archivos y Bibliotecas, tarea que compagina con la investigación sobre los orígenes del periodismo en España; Javier Díaz Noci es catedrático de la comunicación en la Universidad Pompeu Fabra de Barcelona, y Carmen Espejo Cala es profesora en la Facultad de Comunicación de la Universidad de Sevilla y dirige el proyecto I+D+i “Historia Crítica del Periodismo Andaluz”.
Baseline Temperature Variability Shaping Geographical Distribution of Future Hot Extremes under Anthropogenic Warming
Authors: Ma Xiaohui , Tang Zhili , Zhou Shenghui , Wu Lixin , Cai Wenju , Jing Zhao , Chen Zhaohui , Gan Bolan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Hot extreme events are among the most devastating disasters affecting human health and the natural environment. While there is broad consensus on an increasing severity of these events under anthropogenic warming, their geographical distribution exhibits substantial spatial heterogeneity, and its driving factors remain uncertain. Here, utilizing an eddy-resolving high-resolution climate model alongside multiple simulations from Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6, we find baseline temperature variability as a key factor shaping the global distribution of projected hot extremes, with over 80% of the global increase in hot extremes anticorrelated with baseline temperature variability. We further demonstrate that the baseline temperature variability is anchored by persistent land-atmosphere coupling, which endures over century timescales and sustains the spatial heterogeneity of future hot extremes. Our findings suggest that baseline temperature variability could serve as a potential indicator for future hot extreme distribution, offering valuable insights for developing targeted adaptation strategies and improving regional resilience.
Multi-modal AI for Opportunistic Screening, Staging and Progression Risk Stratification of Steatotic Liver Disease
Authors: Gao Yuan , Li Chun Li , Chang Wan Xing , Du Bai , Ye Xianghua , Xia Ying Da , Guo Heng , Zhang Xiao Ming , Liu Wei , Bai Ruo Bing , Li Bei Bei , Hong Yang , Yao Jiawen , Lu Le , Cao Kai , Yeo Yee Hui , Chen Jun , Li Jie , Yan Ke , Hou Yang , Zhang Ling , Shi Yu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

The prevalence of steatotic liver disease (SLD) is rising globally, presenting a significant public health challenge. While non-contrast computed tomography (CT) scans hold promise for the opportunistic detection of SLD, their full potential has not been systematically explored. Clinical indicators, such as serum data, are crucial for monitoring the progression of SLD. We introduce a novel Multimodal AI for Opportunistic Steatotic Liver Disease Screening (MAOSS), which integrates demographic data, serum tests, conventional CT biomarkers, and deep learning-derived CT image features to enhance model performance and explainability. MAOSS employs an innovative learning strategy, trained on a large-scale dataset (n = 1,783) encompassing both histopathologically-confirmed SLD and radiologically-reported steatosis cases. The model underwent extensive retrospective validation using steatosis grades derived from both histology and MRI-PDFF across internal and external datasets (n = 913), as well as real-world patient data (n = 18,504). It accurately detected mild to severe steatosis (≥ S1) with AUCs ranging from 0.903 to 0.929. Notably, MAOSS significantly improved the overall AUC for radiologists (n = 11) from 0.709 to 0.798 (p < 0.001). Furthermore, MAOSS was applied to optimize the standard clinical pathway for a simulated primary risk screening of SLD patients (n = 1,192), resulting in the identification of 31% more patients at risk of steatohepatitis and liver fibrosis progression, highlighting its potential to enhance SLD detection and management.
Low Meconium Metal Concentrations in Newborns from NYC
Authors: Fogarty Fiona , Pavilonis Brian , Shin Jin , Cheng Zhongqi , Sener Defne , Lahage Nadine , Yadav Raj , Gupta Arpit , Dionicio Crhistian Toribio , Gopalan Kavitha , Patil Uday , Jule Jose , McDermott Suzanne 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Prenatal exposure to metals is a significant concern, particularly in urban settings where environmental factors and maternal characteristics may contribute to varying exposure levels. Understanding the factors influencing metal concentrations in newborns is crucial for developing targeted interventions. This study assessed the association between maternal characteristics, including country of origin and residential factors, and prenatal metal exposure in newborns delivered at public hospitals in New York City. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted on 301 mother-newborn dyads. Meconium samples were collected and analyzed for ten metals using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Concentrations of metals, including aluminum, iron, manganese, nickel, and lead, varied based on demographic variables in the study population. Asian and Spanish-speaking mothers had significantly higher lead concentrations compared to White and English-speaking mothers. No significant associations were found between maternal housing characteristics and metal concentrations, potentially due to participants predominantly residing in environmental justice areas. The findings suggest that prenatal metal exposure in this population may be influenced by prior exposures in the country of origin and socio-economic factors post-immigration. These insights highlight the need for targeted public health interventions to reduce prenatal metal exposure in vulnerable urban populations.
Sustainable synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles with antibacterial activity using siderophores produced by Pseudomonas sp. ABC1
Authors: Mancisidor Walter Cañón , Escalona Bárbara Rodríguez , Vargas Katherine Delgado , Valdés Omara Salinas , Cataldo Joaquín Sánchez , Valenzuela-Heredia Daniel 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) have significant applications in bioscience and biomedicine. Numerous physical and chemical methods exist for synthesizing CuO NPs; however, the biogenic synthesis of nanoparticles using bacterial metabolites offers a sustainable approach to obtaining metal nanoparticles with specific shapes and sizes. In this study, we produced CuO NPs through a sustainable production system based on the secondary metabolites of Pseudomonas sp. ABC1. We characterized the generated nanoparticles using various techniques and evaluated their application as antibacterial agents. The crystalline structures of the NPs were confirmed by X-ray diffraction, which showed diffraction planes corresponding to the CuO pattern. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy showed the chemical composition of CuO NPs. Scanning electron microscopy images displayed spherical particles arranged independently, with an average size of 19 nm. The nanoparticles exhibited an inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, resulting in bacterial growth inhibition after 24 hours of incubation. Our results underscore the potential of bacterial siderophores for the sustainable synthesis of CuO NPs with antibacterial activity.
Genetic diversity and population structure of sweetpotato accessions (Ipomoea batatas [L.] Lam) revealed by single nucleotide polymorphism markers
Authors: Sibiya Julia , Chizhande Nomusa , Gasura Edmore , Mutari Bruce , Chaingeni Davison , Kutywayo Dumisani , Musundire Lennin , Mathew Isack , Dossa Emeline 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Use of molecular markers has improved the analysis of genetic variation by eliminating environmental influences on genotype performance. The objective of this study was to assess the genetic diversity and population structure of 327 sweetpotato genotypes sourced from the major sweetpotato-growing regions of Zimbabwe and from the International Potato Centre (CIP) in Mozambique using low-density Diversity Array Technology (DArTseq) SNP chip covering the 90 chromosomes of sweetpotato. The genotypes' genetic diversity (GD) varied from 0.12 to 0.50, with a mean of 0.36. The mean polymorphic information content (PIC) was 0.29, indicating that the markers were highly informative. There was a good representation of minor alleles within the population, with an average minor allele frequency (MAF) of 0.34. The average observed heterozygosity of 0.12 was consistent with the cross-pollinating system in sweetpotato but could perpetuate a narrow genetic base. There was limited interbreeding between the populations of sweetpotato, as indicated by a mean fixation index (F) of 0.68. The high F values indicated that most alleles per genotype were contributed by one parent, which is unusual in allogamous species as sweetpotato. The sweetpotato genotypes in this study could be clustered into two sub-populations with significant differences within the sub-populations. Genetic variation among genotypes is essential for the improvement of sweetpotato. Still, significant genetic gain could be achieved by cross-pollinating divergent genotypes with high MAF to create segregants with rare alleles. It is, thus, important to capture the rare alleles as they help adapt to current and future environmental shifts.
Exploring the Role of KIR2DS4 and HLA-A*02:07 in Predicting Chemotherapy Sensitivity and Erythrocytopenia in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Ye Jie-Mei , Ma Hao-Lin , Jiang Xue-Meng , Zhao Wei , Yu Peng , Wei Wen-Yang , Peng Xin-Yun , Zhang Bin , Luo Yong-Lin , Tang Min-Zhong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background:
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is common in Southeast Asia, with most patients diagnosed with locally advanced disease. Radiotherapy alone is often ineffective, so platinum-based chemotherapy is combined for better outcomes. However, chemotherapy response and side effects vary among patients. Genetic markers, particularly human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR), have been implicated in modulating chemotherapy sensitivity and toxicity. Identifying these markers could facilitate personalized treatment strategies for NPC patients.
Methods:
This study included 204 NPC patients between April 2020 and October 2021, and performed KIR and HLA-A allele typing. The control group consisted of 201 healthy individuals, matched by gender and age, who underwent routine health check-ups at the hospital. Among the cases, 110 nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients who received platinum based chemotherapy were analyzed for the relationship between KIR and HLA genotype characteristics and chemotherapy sensitivity, as well as the occurrence of chemotherapy induced side effects.
Results:
NPC patients exhibited higher expression of activating KIR2DS4 (97.55% vs 91.54%, OR = 3.677, 95% CI = 1.320 ~ 10.168, P = 0.008) and inhibitory KIR3DL1 (97.55% vs 93.03%, OR = 2.980, 95% CI = 1.053 ~ 8.434, P = 0.032), suggesting their involvement in the disease. The BB haplotype, a particular KIR gene combination, was less frequent in NPC patients, hinting at a protective effect (4.90% vs 11.44%, OR = 0.399, 95% CI = 0.185 ~ 0.861, P = 0.016). The detection frequency of HLA-A*11:01 in the NPC case group was significantly lower than that in the healthy control group (23.53% vs 30.71%, OR = 0.694, 95% CI = 0.505 ~ 0.955, P = 0.024), and the detection frequency of HLA-A*02:07 was significantly higher than that in the healthy control group (17.16% vs 8.70%, OR = 2.175, 95% CI = 1.394 ~ 3.392, P < 0.001). Notably, HLA-A*02:07 was associated with increased chemotherapy sensitivity (51.35% vs 21.91%, OR = 3.760, 95% CI = 1.552 ~ 8.648, P = 0.002). Additionally, the KIR2DS4*003 allele was linked to a reduced incidence of chemotherapy-induced erythrocytopenia (2.63% vs 97.37% in non-carriers, OR = 0.135, 95% CI = 0.017 ~ 1.082, P = 0.032).
Conclusions:
Our findings suggest that HLA-A*02:07 and KIR2DS4 are promising genetic markers for predicting chemotherapy sensitivity and the risk of erythrocytopenia in NPC patients. These results support the potential for personalized chemotherapy regimens based on genetic profiling, helping to reduce side effects and improve treatment efficacy.
The Origin and Properties of Higher-order Near- and Far-field Modes in Plasmonic Metal Nano-rods
Authors: Tepe Hüseyin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

A hydrodynamic model within the discontinuous Galerkin method is used to simulate the non-linear optical properties of plasmonic gold nanorods. Highly pure spherical and vector spherical harmonics are obtained in the near and far-fields, where each over-tone and polarization represents a unique state. The nano-rods may be treated as switchable quasi-atoms, where the activating mechanism is the intense incident pulse. These properties might become useful in future quantum or optical computation applications. The pure harmonical states are explained by the localized Fermi gas pressure gradients, which is the main force driving the second harmonic generation (SHG).
Engineering Field Testing of Non-Sewered Sanitation Systems: Compendium of Lessons Learned
Authors: Grego Sonia , Cottingham Ruth , Koottatep Thammarat , Panuvatvanich Atitaya , Mercer Susan , Hennessy Sarah 
Published: February 2025

Non-sewered sanitation systems (NSSS) treat human waste where it is generated, eliminating the need to transport it through sewers. They offer exciting opportunities for safely managed sanitation across the globe.
Informed by the extensive experience of teams working in India, South Africa and Thailand, this book is intended as a practical resource to assist in the field testing of NSSS. It is a complex task to assess newly designed, sophisticated systems outside of the laboratory, in an environment that feels natural to users.
From site selection to decommissioning, we share our insights gained from managing activities and tackling common engineering challenges to help the success of future practitioners.
“When dealing with disruptive innovative technologies whose uptake is significantly impacted by human behavior and acceptance, the importance of engineering field testing cannot be overestimated. The experience and knowledge gained through field testing catalyzes improvements for product development towards a near fail-proof solution.” Jay Bhagwan, Water Research Commission
“A must-read for professionals, researchers, practitioners and policymakers committed to advancing sanitation practices and implementing lessons learned in NSSS technologies. This comprehensive tome distills invaluable insights, illuminating the path forward for a cleaner, healthier future worldwide.” Mei Yee Chan, TÜV SÜD
“The technology testing itself is often more straightforward than the community engagement, stakeholder management, and logistics involved in field testing. Don't underestimate and don't assume that each location will be the same. If this is your first time doing field testing, be sure to read this beforehand.” Jennifer Williams, FSMA
ISBN: 9781789064971 (eBook)
ISBN: 9781789064988 (ePub)
Identification of NR4A2 as a Potential Predictive Biomarker for Atherosclerosis
Authors: Yuan Lebin , Bai Ruru , Han Xinhao , Xiang Jiajia 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Atherosclerosis, a leading cause of death globally, is characterized by
the buildup of immune cells and lipids in medium to large-sized arteries. However, its precise
mechanism remains unclear.

Objective:
The purpose of this study is to explore innovative and reliable biomarkers as a viable
approach for the identification and management of atherosclerosis.

Methods:
The atherosclerosis-related datasets GSE100927 and GSE66360 were retrieved from
the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The Limma package in the R programming language
was utilized, applying the criteria of |logFC| > 1 and P < 0.05. Subsequently, Gene Ontology
(GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses
were performed on the 127 identified DEGs using R. Machine learning techniques were
then applied to these data to explore and pinpoint potential biomarkers. The diagnostic potential
of these markers was assessed via Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Finally,
Western Blot, real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR), and immunohistochemistry (IHC)
were employed to confirm the key biomarkers.

Results:
Our research indicated that a total of 127 DEGs linked to atherosclerosis were successfully
identified. Through the application of machine learning methods, eight critical genes were
highlighted. Among these, Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4 Group A Member-2 (NR4A2)
emerged as the most promising marker for further investigation. CIBERSORT analysis revealed
that NR4A2 expression levels were significantly correlated with multiple immune cell types, including
B cells, plasma cells, and macrophages. Additional validation experiments confirmed
that NR4A2 expression was indeed elevated in atherosclerotic plaques, supporting its potential
as a biomarker for atherosclerosis.

Conclusion:
Our study identified NR4A2 as a potential immune-related biomarker for the diagnosis
and treatment of atherosclerosis.
Breast Cancer: Epidemiology, Symptoms, Risk Factors, Pathogenesis, Classification, Current Treatments and Various Approaches in Nano-formulations
Authors: Kumar Nitish , . Balram , Singh Gurvirender , . Dushyant , Narwal Smita , Dhingra Ashwani K. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract:
Globally, breast cancer is still a major health concern because of its complex epidemiology,
a wide range of symptoms, and a multitude of causes It is mainly caused by the uncontrolled
growth of breast tissue cells and a variety of factors influence breast cancer, including hormones,
lifestyle decisions, genetic predispositions, and environmental exposures. Breast cancer is classified
based on molecular subtypes and their location. Many current treatments, such as surgery, chemotherapy,
radiation therapy, hormone therapy, and targeted therapies, are used to improve the
health of patients. However, drug resistance and systemic toxicity may restrict therapeutic efficacy
despite advancements in therapy. In pursuit of these unmet challenges, nanotechnology has
been employed to serve as drug carriers, aiming to optimize therapeutic efficacy and minimize
side effects. These nanoparticulate formulations can be customized for targeted delivery, resulting
in accurate drug localization in tumor tissues while protecting healthy cells at the same time. Additionally,
they regulate the release of the drug, prolonging its circulation duration and improving its
bioavailability. This review addresses various approaches to nano-formulations, such as liposomes,
polymeric nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, dendrimers, polymeric
micelles, gold nanoparticles, and quantum dots that can be utilized to overcome treatment obstacles
and enhance drug distribution.
The Perception of Smile Attractiveness among Female Students of Herat University, Herat, Afghanistan, 2024
Authors: Erfan Ozair , Taka Gulbahar , Qaderyar Hosna 
Published: February 2025

Introduction
Having a beautiful smile affects social relationships, career achievement, and personality development. Everyone has a different opinion of how attractive a smile is.

Aim
This study aimed to assess information about the perception of smile attractiveness toward different characteristics of smiles among students of Herat University.

Methods
A comprehensive descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 215 female students from 17 different faculties of Herat University. A questionnaire with two main sections was prepared: The demographic information section and the questions section with prepared questions about the perception of smile attractiveness toward different characteristics of smiles. The participants answered the questions by themselves or the interviewer.
After coding the answers, the questionnaire was categorized according to the answers, interred, and analyzed using IBM-SPSS version 25 (SPSS, version 25, IBM Corp).
The chi-square test was performed to compare descriptive data, such as frequencies, with qualitative data. p-values smaller than 0.05 were considered significant.

Results
The most attractive smile according to different characteristics of a smile was a low smile (50.93%), consonant smile arc (48.11%), commissure smile type (52.09%), classic marginal shape (79.53%), displaying teeth up to the second premolar (47.44%), straight upper lip curvature (64.19%) and a slightly touching relationship of maxillary anterior teeth with the lower lip (51.63%).

Conclusion
To achieve satisfactory outcomes in oral rehabilitation, dentists should always bear in mind that everyone has a different opinion of how attractive a smile is and that each case needs to be evaluated separately while taking the patient's expectations and preferences into account.
The Prevalence of Color Vision Deficiency in Medical Students at King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences
Authors: Alnahedh Taghreed , Alnahedh Abdulrahman , Alhawas Ali , Marghlani Lujain , Al Harbi Wesal , Alhadlaq Omar Saad 
Published: February 2025

Objective
This study aimed to identify the prevalence of Color Vision Deficiency (CVD) and its contributing factors among medical students enrolled at King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, 522 students from King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, participated. The student filled out the questionnaire immediately after completing the Ishihara test. Data analyses were conducted in SPSS.

Results
Of 522 students, 29.9% were females, and 70.1% were males. The prevalence of CVD in medical students was 1.5%, with 98.3% of students having normal vision while 0.2% had small changes or misdiagnosed CVD. All eight students with a definitive diagnosis of CVD were males, with a significant association (p=0.04) between sex and CVD status. There was a significant association of CVD status with the familial history of CVD (p=0.002) and history of congenital color vision abnormality (p=0.0342). No significant associations were found for the knowledge of CVD, history of vision problems, eye surgery, eye or head trauma, any exposure to chemicals, current health status, and vitamin A intake.

Conclusion
The CVD prevalence reported by our study is the lowest compared to all other studies in medical students worldwide. A considerable number of medical students were unaware of their vision problems. Therefore, preliminary screening of all school-going students is recommended to ensure they are aware of their medical condition and minimize the potential difficulties faced during studies and clinical work.