bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metastatic mixed acinar‐neuroendocrine carcinoma of the pancreas to the liver: A cytopathology case report with review of the literature
Authors: Lee Lili , Bajor‐Dattilo Ewa B. , Das Kasturi 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA case of metastatic mixed acinar‐neuroendocrine carcinoma (MANEC) of the pancreas to the liver is reported. A diagnostic percutaneous US‐guided FNA and core biopsy of a liver nodule was performed. The FNA smears were cellular and showed neoplastic cells in clusters with acinar formation, isolated single cells, and scattered naked nuclei. The cytoplasm was finely granular. The nuclei were relatively uniform, some with speckled chromatin and prominent nucleoli. The immunohistochemistry performed on the cell block showed strong positivity for cytokeratin AE1/AE3, chromogranin, and synaptophysin. Furthermore, the tumor cells were weakly positive for α1‐antichymotrypsin. The Ki‐67 mitotic index was up to 50%. Based on the morphology and supporting immunohistochemical stains, the final cytopathologic diagnosis rendered was “Positive for malignant cells. Carcinoma with mixed acinar and endocrine features.” To our knowledge, this is the first report of a metastatic MANEC to the liver diagnosed based on cytology with confirmatory histology. The difficulties in the cytopathologic diagnosis and differential diagnosis of MANEC are discussed in this article. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2013. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Extracellular matrix and the neural stem cell niche
Authors: Kazanis Ilias , ffrench‐Constant Charles 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBasal lamina is present in many stem cell niches, but we still have a poor understanding of the role of this and other extracellular matrix (ECM) components. Here, we review current knowledge regarding ECM expression and function in the neural stem cell niche, focusing on the subependymal zone of the adult CNS. An increasing complexity of ECM molecules has been described, and a number of receptors expressed on the stem cells identified. Experiments perturbing the niche using genetics or cytotoxic ablation of the rapidly dividing precursors, or using explant culture models to examine specific growth factors, have been influential in showing how changes in these ECM receptors might regulate neural stem cell behavior. However the role of changes in the matrix itself remains to be determined. The answers will be important, as they will point to the molecules required to engineer niches ex‐vivo so as to provide tools for regenerative neuroscience. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 71: 1006‐1017, 2011
Genome‐wide analysis of the POU genes in medaka, focusing on expression in the optic tectum
Authors: Brombin Alessandro , Grossier Jean‐Philippe , Heuzé Aurélie , Radev Zlatko , Bourrat Franck , Joly Jean‐Stéphane , Jamen Françoise 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe highly conserved POU genes encode homeodomain transcription factors involved in various developmental events, with some, the Brn genes, playing key roles in neurogenesis. We investigated the evolutionary relationships between these genes, by studying the POU gene complement of a model teleost, the medaka (Oryzias latipes). We identified 17 POU genes and carried out a comprehensive in situ hybridization analysis focusing on the optic tectum, a cortical structure of the mesencephalon, in which cell positions and their differentiation states are spatially and temporally correlated. Six POU genes displayed patterned expression in the optic tectum: two genes were expressed in the center of the organ (a zone with differentiated neurons), two in an intermediate zone in which cells exit the cell cycle and two in the peripheral proliferation zone. These results suggest that POU genes may play key roles in both late neurogenesis and in multipotent neural progenitors. Developmental Dynamics 240:2354–2363, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The development of bulimic symptoms from adolescence to young adulthood in females and males: A population‐based longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Abebe Dawit Shawel , Lien Lars , von Soest Tilmann 
Published: September 2011

AbstractObjective:To investigate age‐related trends in bulimic symptoms and associated putative risk factors among Norwegian youth.Method:A sample of 3,150 participants, 1,421 (45.1%) males and 1,759 (54.9%) females, was prospectively followed for 11 years at three time points from adolescence to adulthood. Linear random coefficient models were applied.Results:For females, bulimic symptoms increased from age 14 to 16 and declined slowly thereafter. For males, the symptoms decreased between ages 14 and 16 and returned in the early 20s. Females had higher levels of symptoms than males at every age. Age‐associated trends in body mass index, appearance satisfaction, and symptoms of anxiety and depression were associated with some of the trends for both genders. For females, changes in alcohol consumption and cohabitation status functioned as predictors as well.Discussion:Males and females show distinct developmental trajectories of bulimic symptoms during adolescence and in the transition to adulthood. Prevention interventions should focus on putative risk factors in mid‐adolescence for females and in the early 20s for males. © 2011 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2012; 45:737–745)
A framework for hydrologic classification with a review of methodologies and applications in ecohydrology
Authors: Olden Julian D. , Kennard Mark J. , Pusey Bradley J. 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTHydrologic classification is one of the most widely applied tasks in ecohydrology. During the last two decades, a considerable effort has gone into analysis and development of methodological approaches to hydrologic classification. We reviewed the process of hydrologic classification, differentiating between an approach based on deductive reasoning using environmental regionalization, hydrologic regionalization and environmental classification whereby environmental variables assumed to be key determinants of hydrology are analysed and one based on inductive reasoning using streamflow classification whereby hydrologic data are analysed directly. We explored past applications in ecohydrology, highlighting the utility of classifications in the extrapolation of hydrologic information across sparsely gauged landscapes, the description of spatial patterns in hydrologic variability, aiding water resource management, and in the identification and prioritization of conservation areas. We introduce an overarching methodological framework that depicts critical components of the classification process and summarize important advantages and disadvantages of commonly used statistical approaches to characterize and predict hydrologic classes. Our hope is that researchers and managers will be better informed when having to make decisions regarding the selection and proper implementation of methods for hydrologic classification in the future. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bone morphogenetic proteins inhibit CD40L/IL‐21‐induced Ig production in human Bcells: Differential effects of BMP‐6 and BMP‐7
Authors: Huse Kanutte , Bakkebø Maren , Oksvold Morten P. , Forfang Lise , Hilden Vera I. , Stokke Trond , Smeland Erlend B. , Myklebust June H. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are members of the TGF‐β superfamily. TGF‐β can affect class switch recombination in human B cells, but whether BMPs also play a role have not been tested. We investigated the functional effects of exogenously added BMPs on CD27− naive and CD27+ memory B cells from healthy donors. BMP‐2, ‐4, ‐6 and ‐7 inhibited CD40L/IL‐21‐induced production of IgM, IgG and IgA. BMP‐6 reduced Ig production by 70% in memory B cells and more than 55% in naive B cells, whereas the other BMPs were slightly less potent. We observed a striking difference in functional effects between the structurally similar BMP‐6 and BMP‐7, as BMP‐6 mainly inhibited plasmablast differentiation, and BMP‐7 mainly induced apoptosis. In memory B cells, BMP‐6 upregulated expression of DNA‐binding protein inhibitor genes, but potently inhibited CD40L/IL‐21‐induced upregulation of the transcription factor XBP1, necessary for the late stages of plasmacytic differentiation. Expression of transcription factors regulating earlier stages (IRF4, PRDM1) was not affected by BMP‐6. Taken together, these results show that BMPs are potent suppressors of naive and memory B cells.
Seasonal fat and fatty acids variations of seven marine fish species from the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Ozogul Yesim , Polat Abdurrahman , Uçak İlknur , Ozogul Fatih 
Published: September 2011

AbstractSeasonal variations of proximate compositions, muscle lipids and fatty acids (FA) of seven seawater species (Silllago sihoma, Upeneus pori, Sparus aurata, Saurida undosquamis, Epinephelus auneus, Mullus barbatus, Solea solea) from the Mediterranean Sea, were determined in all seasons. The results showed that the fatty acid compositions of each species ranged from 26.41 to 38.70% saturated (SFA), 13.78 to 26.52% monounsaturated (MUFAs) and 25.02 to 50.83% PUFAs. The highest proportions of EPA were obtained from M. barbatus (8.34%) in spring, S. sihoma (7.54%), U. pori (6.75%), S. aurata (6.31%), S. undosquamis (5.12%), E. auneus (5.10%) in summer, and also S. solea (6.19%) in spring. The highest proportions of DHA were found in spring, ranging from 25.14% for M. barbatus to 34.87% for S. aurata, except for S. solea (30.44%) in winter and S. sihoma (15.83%) in summer. The results showed that from a quality point of view, all species were suitable for human nutrition, since muscle lipids are rich in EPA + DHA in all seasons.Practical application: The American and Canadian Dietetic Associations recommend two servings of fatty fish per week and a daily combined intake of EPA and DHA of 500 mg. This follows a trend of numerous publications and other guidelines recognizing the health benefits of long‐chain n‐3 PUFA from fish or marine microbial sources with respect to cardiovascular health, neurological diseases, infant health and development, inflammation and cancer and other health effects. The seven species analyzed here provide muscle lipids that are rich in EPA and DHA. Only minor season‐to‐season changes in the total content of n‐3 and n‐6 PUFA were observed for the same species. The results provide valuable information for preparing diet tables.
Effects of dietary n−3/n−6 ratio on lipid metabolism of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)
Authors: Bandarra Narcisa M. , Rema Paulo , Batista Irineu , Pousão‐Ferreira Pedro , Valente Luisa M. P. , Batista Sónia M. G. , Ozório Rodrigo O. A. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe current study was conducted to evaluate the effects of various dietary n−3/n−6 ratio on growth and lipid metabolism in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles. The fish were fed ad libitum on three isoproteic (52%), isolipidic (14%), and isoenergetic diets (21 MJ/kg), formulated to contain three different n−3/n−6 ratios: a high (3.8), medium (2.5), or low (0.9) ratio. Fish grew from 9.5 ± 0.1 g to 54.2 ± 0.7 g in 12 weeks. Growth rate (2.2% BW/day), voluntary feed intake (2.4 ± 0.1% BM/day), feed conversion ratio (1.38 ± 0.05), and net protein utilization (27.5 ± 1.0%) did not vary among treatments. In contrast, body lipid content and lipid deposition efficiency were significantly reduced in fish fed low n−3/n−6 ratio. Fish fed the highest n−3/n−6 ratio showed the lowest hepatic glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity (p = 0.02). The n−3/n−6 ratio decreased, while DHA/eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) ratio increased significantly with decreasing dietary n−3/n−6 content. Among n−3 PUFA, the DHA and, particularly, the docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) showed the highest deposition rate both in muscle and liver. The lower deposition rate (<1) of linoleic acid (LA) and linolenic acid (LNA) suggests that a reduction in dietary n−3/n−6 ratio may stimulate their transport to the intermediary metabolism for energy production.
Effectiveness of antioxidants on lipid oxidation and lipid hydrolysis of cod liver oil
Authors: de Abreu David A. Pereira , Rodríguez Karen Villalba , Cruz Freire José Manuel 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe capacity of the natural antioxidant from barley husks to retard oxidation of PUFA in cod liver oil (Gadus morhua) was investigated and compared to synthetic antioxidants. The results confirm the efficacy of a natural antioxidant derived from barley husks to slow down the progress of lipid hydrolysis and increase oxidative stability in cod liver oil. The rates of lipid hydrolysis and lipid oxidation were slowed down with increasing concentration of natural antioxidant used. Using 100 mg of the natural antioxidant was more effective than some synthetic antioxidants (BHA 200 mg and BHT 200 mg) against primary and secondary oxidation. The use of propyl gallate (PG) as an antioxidant (200 mg/kg in cod liver oil) was the most effective antioxidant employed in reducing the production of primary and delaying secondary oxidation products. The formation of free fatty acids (FFA) was significantly lower in samples with natural antioxidant (BE200 and BE100) than in the control samples. BHA and BHT were the most effective antioxidants employed to delay the lipid hydrolysis.Practical applications: The use of barley husks, which are residues of the brewing process, was optimized to obtain a crude antioxidant extract. Natural extracts of phenolic compounds with high antioxidant activity were obtained after prehydrolysis and delignification of barley husks. The raw extracts show more than two‐fold antioxidant capacity compared to BHT in terms of EC50. The results demonstrate the efficacy of a natural antioxidant derived from barley husks. The extract could be used in fatty foods (such as butter, oil, etc.) to prevent rancidity.
Antioxidant activity of pine bark procyanidins in bulk corn oil and corn oil‐in‐water emulsions
Authors: Jerez María , Deive Francisco J. , Sineiro Jorge , Núñez María J. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIn this work, the ability of pine bark procyanidins to hinder oxidation in bulk corn oil and corn oil‐in‐water‐emulsion has been investigated. A preliminary characterisation of the obtained aqueous (AF) and organic (OW) fractions and subfractions suggested a very polar character and showed that both fractions possess remarkable antioxidant activity when minimum concentrations of 2 mg/mL are used. OW fractions and subfractions derived from both pine varieties were able to inhibit oxidation in oils. More specifically, two organic subfractions were the most efficient for retarding the degradation process, with levels of 62% and 50% after 8 days of treatment, respectively. Organic subfractions obtained from both varieties of pine also rendered possible inhibition levels in oil‐in‐water‐emulsions up to 80% after 4 days of oxidation, more than 3 times higher than the levels provided by tocopherol, a well‐known model commercial antioxidant, which confirms the excellent antioxidant potential of procyanidins from pine bark.Practical application: Lipid deterioration leads to losses in quality and nutritional value and to the development of off‐flavours in many foodstuffs. One way to overcome this drawback is by using antioxidants of natural origin, which is a subject of a great scientific and industrial interest, reflected by the growing number of papers and patents published during the last years. Since aqueous and organic fractions obtained from Pinus pinaster and Pinus radiata bark turned out to be an adequate source of procyanidins in previous investigations of our group, their possible antioxidant role in model lipid systems was investigated. This approach entails also another benefit in terms of waste valorisation, since pine bark is a typical residue of agroforestal industries.
A Modular Synthesis of Functionalized Pyridines through Lewis‐Acid‐Mediated and Microwave‐Assisted Cycloadditions between Azapyrylium Intermediates and Alkynes
Authors: Linder Igor , Gerhard Markus , Schefzig Luise , Andrä Michal , Bentz Christoph , Reissig Hans‐Ulrich , Zimmer Reinhold 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIn this report we describe the synthesis of differentially functionalized pyridine derivatives 3 and the related 3‐bromo‐substituted pyridines 11. Dissociation of 6H‐1,2‐oxazine precursors (1a, 1b, 5, 6, or 12) in situ, mediated by boron trifluoride–diethyl ether, generates the azapyrylium intermediates A, which undergo hetero‐Diels–Alder reactions with various mono‐ and disubstituted alkynes 2. In general, these pyridine syntheses proceeded with high efficiencies and were very flexible with respect to all positions in the pyridine cores. For the 3‐phenyl‐substituted pyridine derivatives 3a–3j and 11a–11f the best results were obtained by a new microwave‐assisted protocol, which is clearly superior to the previously used conventional procedure at low temperature in dichloromethane. Furthermore, 3‐(trifluoromethyl)‐ and 3‐acryloyl‐substituted 6H‐1,2‐oxazines reacted cleanly under microwave irradiation conditions to furnish the expected pyridine derivatives 3k and 3l in respectable yields. The 3‐bromo‐substituted pyridines 11 were further functionalized through palladium‐catalyzed couplings such as Suzuki or Sonogashira reactions, which led smoothly to tri‐ or tetrasubstituted pyridine derivatives such as 19–21 and 23. Reductive debromination of 11e afforded the pyridine 17 in excellent yield, whereas oxidation of the pyridinyl thioether 3g with oxone led to the corresponding sulfoxide 24. Our method thus establishes a new and versatile approach to highly substituted pyridine derivatives.
Fluorescence Properties of 5‐(5,6‐Dimethoxybenzothiazol‐2‐yl)‐2′‐deoxyuridine (dbtU) and Oligodeoxyribonucleotides Containing dbtU
Authors: Hirose Wataru , Sato Kousuke , Matsuda Akira 
Published: September 2011

AbstractWe describe the synthesis and photophysical properties of 11 substituted 5‐(benzothiazol‐2‐yl)‐2′‐deoxyuridine derivatives and oligodeoxyribonucleotides (ODNs) containing 5‐(5,6‐dimethoxybenzothiazol‐2‐yl)‐2′‐deoxyuridine (dbtU), which was the strongest fluorescent derivative among those prepared. The fluorescence properties of dbtU itself and ODNs containing dbtU show the same tendency of being weaker in both neutral and acidic solution and stronger in basic solution. The ODNs (15mer) containing 16 combinations of 5′‐XbtU‐3′ and 5′‐btUY‐3′, where X, Y = A, T, G, or C, were synthesized, and their fluorescence intensity and quantum yield in basic solution were compared. On average, only the ODN with the 5′‐GbtU‐3′ sequence shows a 7.9‐fold lower fluorescence intensity than the other sequences. Ab initio calculations of 5′‐GbtU‐3′ and 5′‐btUG‐3′ as models under basic conditions suggest that the lower fluorescence of the ODN containing the 5′‐GbtU‐3′ sequence is caused by a wider overlap between stacked guanine (Gua) and btUra than that of the 5′‐btUG‐3′ sequence and that the HOMO is delocalized not only on btUra but also on Gua.
A Metal‐Free Approach Based on Graphene Oxide‐Modified Electrode for Monitoring the Photoelectrocatalytic Degradation of EDTA
Authors: Wei Lili , Yang Juan , Borowiec Joanna , Zhang Jingdong 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA novel voltammetric method for the sensitive determination of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) was developed based on a graphene oxide (GO) modified electrode. In acetate buffer solution, GO showed a voltammetric response composed of a sharp anodic peak and a weak cathodic peak. When EDTA was present in the solution, the voltammetric response of GO was suppressed. Under optimum conditions, the response of the GO‐modified electrode was inversely proportional to the concentration of EDTA from 6.0×10−7 to 1.0×10−4 mol/L. Using such a GO‐based voltammetry, the effective photoelectrocatalytic degradation of EDTA over a TiO2 film electrode was evaluated and some influencing factors were investigated.
Evaluation of the interaction between sitagliptin and cyclodextrin derivatives by capillary electrophoresis and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Authors: Sohajda Tamás , Hu Wen Hui , Zeng Li Li , Li Hong , Szente Lajos , Noszál Béla , Béni Szabolcs 
Published: September 2011

AbstractAn aqueous capillary electrophoretic method was developed for chiral analysis of the novel anti‐diabetic drug, sitagliptin. The acid–base profiling of the analyte was carried out using both capillary electrophoresis and nuclear magnetic resonance pH titrations. The apparent complex stability and chiral separation properties were investigated with 30 different cyclodextrins under acidic conditions. The effect of concentration and pH of the BGE, temperature of the capillary, and the type and concentration of the chiral selector on the enantiomer resolution were thoroughly investigated. The effects of dual cyclodextrin systems on separation were also extensively studied. Complete separation of racemic sitagliptin with good resolution (RS=2.24) was achieved within a short time (15 min) with optimized parameters (10°C, pH=4.4, 40 mM phosphate buffer) of a sulfobutylether‐β‐cyclodextrin (averaged degree of substitution ∼4) and native β‐cyclodextrin dual system. The averaged stoichiometry of the inclusion complex was determined using the Job plot method with both 1H and 19F NMR experiments and resulted in a 1:1 complex. The structure of the inclusion complex was elucidated using 2‐D ROESY NMR experiments.
Cellular dielectrophoresis: Applications to the characterization, manipulation, separation and patterning of cells
Authors: Gagnon Zachary R. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractOver the past decade, dielectrophoresis (DEP) has evolved into a powerful, robust and flexible method for cellular characterization, manipulation, separation and cell patterning. It is a field with widely varying disciplines, as it is quite common to see DEP integrated with a host of applications including microfluidics, impedance spectroscopy, tissue engineering, real‐time PCR, immunoassays, stem‐cell characterization, gene transfection and electroporation, just to name a few. The field is finally at the point where analytical and numerical polarization models can be used to adequately describe and characterize the dielectrophoretic behavior of cells, and there is ever increasing evidence demonstrating that electric fields can safely be used to manipulate cells without harm. As such, DEP is slowly making its way into the biological sciences. Today, DEP is being used to manipulate individual cells to specific regions of space for single‐cell assays. DEP is able to separate rare cells from a heterogeneous cell suspension, where isolated cells can then be characterized and dynamically studied using nothing more than electric fields. However, there is need for a critical report to integrate the many new features of DEP for cellular applications. Here, a review of the basic theory and current applications of DEP, specifically for cells, is presented.