bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alpha1‐Adrenoceptor Antagonists Improve Bladder Storage Function Through Reduction of Afferent Activity in Rats With Bladder Outlet Obstruction
Authors: Yazaki Junji , Aikawa Ken , Shishido Keiichi , Yanagida Tomohiko , Nomiya Masanori , Ishibashi Kei , Haga Nobuhiro , Yamaguchi Osamu 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAimsUsing a rat BOO model, we determined whether α1‐adrenoceptor (AR) antagonists (silodosin, prazosin) improve the bladder storage function by reducing afferent input from the lower urinary tract.Materials and MethodsMale rats received partial bladder outlet obstruction or sham surgery were used. Four weeks following surgery, their voiding behavior was measured in a metabolic cage. BOO‐rats were administered silodosin, prazosin or vehicle for 2 weeks subcutaneously using osmotic pump. At the post‐drug condition, voiding behavior was measured again. The L6 spinal cord was removed and immunostained using anti c‐Fos antibody. The rats were also performed continuous cystometry with saline without anesthesia or restraint at the pre‐ and post‐drug conditions.ResultsMetabolic cage study showed the voiding behavior of BOO‐rats was characterized by increase in frequency of urination and decrease in volume voided. Cystometric evaluation also showed the significant increase both in the number of successive voiding contraction and in contraction pressure. The administration of silodosin or prazosin significantly decreased urinary frequency and the number of micturition reflex but affected neither bladder contraction pressure nor residual volume. The number of c‐Fos‐positive cell significantly increased in BOO‐rats, while significantly decreased in those receiving αl‐AR antagonists.ConclusionsThe present study demonstrates that α1‐AR antagonists silodosin and prazosin have an inhibitory effect on afferent input from the lower urinary tract independently of reducing urethral resistance, and thereby reduce the storage dysfunction secondary to BOO. This result suggests that αl‐AR, particularly αlA‐AR, may play an important role in the activation of the afferent pathway. Neurourol. Urodynam. 30:461–467, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Accuracy of MRI/MRSI‐based transrectal ultrasound biopsy in peripheral and transition zones of the prostate gland in patients with prior negative biopsy
Authors: Testa Claudia , Schiavina Riccardo , Lodi Raffaele , Salizzoni Eugenio , Tonon Caterina , D'Errico Antonietta , Corti Barbara , Morselli‐Labate Antonio Maria , Franceschelli Alessandro , Bertaccini Alessandro , Manferrarik Fabio , Grigioni Walter Francesco , Canini Romeo , Martorana Giuseppe , Barbiroli Bruno 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe purpose of the study was to evaluate the accuracy of transrectal ultrasound biopsy (TRUS‐biopsy) performed on regions with abnormal MRI and/or MRSI for both the transition (TZ) and the peripheral (PZ) zones in patients with suspected prostate cancer with prior negative biopsy, and to analyze the relationship between MRSI and histopathological findings. MRI and MRSI were performed in 54 patients (mean age: 63.9 years, mean PSA value: 11.4 ng/mL) and the ability of MRI/MRSI‐directed TRUS biopsy was evaluated. A three‐point score system was used for both techniques to distinguish healthy from malignant regions. Descriptive statistics and ROC analyses were performed to evaluate the accuracy and the best cut‐off in the three‐point score system. Twenty‐two out of 54 patients presented cancer at MRI/MRSI‐directed TRUS biopsy, nine presented cancer only in PZ, eight both in PZ and TZ, and five exclusively in TZ. On a patient basis the highest accuracy was obtained by assigning malignancy on a positive finding with MRSI and MRI even though it was not significantly greater than that obtained using MRI alone (area under the ROC curve, AUC: 0.723 vs 0.676). On a regional (n = 648) basis the best accuracy was also obtained by considering positive both MRSI and MRI for PZ (0.768) and TZ (0.822). MRSI was false positive in 11.9% of the regions. Twenty‐eight percent of cores with prostatitis were false positive findings on MRSI, whereas only 2.7% of benign prostatic hyperplasia was false positive. In conclusion, the accuracy of MRI/MRSI‐directed biopsies in localization of prostate cancer is good in patient (0.723) and region analyses (0.768). The combination of both MRI and MRSI results makes TRUS‐biopsy more accurate, particularly in the TZ (0.822) for patients with prior negative biopsies. Histopathological analysis showed that the main limitation of MRSI is the percentage of false positive findings due to prostatitis. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fitzroy's fighting Fuegians: Comparison of palaeopathological and ethnographic indications of fighting behaviour in an extinct human population
Authors: Underdown S. 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTThe Selk'nam were an indigenous population of Tierra del Fuego that are now extinct. Contemporary accounts, including those of Robert Fitzroy and Charles Darwin, attest to their prodigious size and strength. These accounts and others record that the Selk'nam were enthusiastic wrestlers and fought till one or other of the opponents could no longer continue. Presented here is a case of traumatic injury to the ulnae and radii of a Selk'nam male that is concomitant with injuries sustained during such activity and as such would provide intriguing evidence of this practice in the skeletal record of an extinct human population. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dual energy landscape: The functional state of the β‐barrel outer membrane protein G molds its unfolding energy landscape
Authors: Damaghi Mehdi , Sapra K. Tanuj , Köster Stefan , Yildiz Özkan , Kühlbrandt Werner , Muller Daniel J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractWe applied dynamic single‐molecule force spectroscopy to quantify the parameters (free energy of activation and distance of the transition state from the folded state) characterizing the energy barriers in the unfolding energy landscape of the outer membrane protein G (OmpG) from Escherichia coli. The pH‐dependent functional switching of OmpG directs the protein along different regions on the unfolding energy landscape. The two functional states of OmpG take the same unfolding pathway during the sequential unfolding of β‐hairpins I–IV. After the initial unfolding events, the unfolding pathways diverge. In the open state, the unfolding of β‐hairpin V in one step precedes the unfolding of β‐hairpin VI. In the closed state, β‐hairpin V and β‐strand S11 with a part of extracellular loop L6 unfold cooperatively, and subsequently β‐strand S12 unfolds with the remaining loop L6. These two unfolding pathways in the open and closed states join again in the last unfolding step of β‐hairpin VII. Also, the conformational change from the open to the closed state witnesses a rigidified extracellular gating loop L6. Thus, a change in the conformational state of OmpG not only bifurcates its unfolding pathways but also tunes its mechanical properties for optimum function.
Organelle proteomics experimental designs and analysis
Authors: Gatto Laurent , Vizcaíno Juan Antonio , Hermjakob Henning , Huber Wolfgang , Lilley Kathryn S. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIn biology, localisation is function: knowledge of the localisation of proteins is of paramount importance to assess and study their function. This supports the need for reliable protein sub‐cellular localisation assignment. Concomitant with recent technological advances in organelle proteomics, there is a requirement for more rigorous experimental and analysis design planning and description. In this review, we present an overview of current experimental designs in qualitative and quantitative organelle proteomics as well as associated data analysis. We also consider the major benefits associated with careful description and dissemination of the experiment and analysis designs, namely (i) comparison and optimisation of experimental designs and analysis pipelines, (ii) data validation, (iii) reproducible research, (iv) efficient repository submission and retrieval and (v) meta analysis. Formalisation of experimental design and analysis work flows is of direct benefit for the organelle proteomics researchers and will result in providing organelle localisation data of highest quality for the wider research community.
Structural modeling of histone methyltransferase complex Set1C from Saccharomyces cerevisiae using constraint‐based docking
Authors: Tuukkanen Anne , Huang Bingding , Henschel Andreas , Stewart Francis , Schroeder Michael 
Published: September 2010

AbstractSet1C is a histone methyltransferase playing an important role in yeast gene regulation. Modeling the structure of this eight‐subunit protein complex is an important open problem to further elucidate its functional mechanism. Recently, there has been progress in modeling of larger complexes using constraints to restrict the combinatorial explosion in binary docking of subunits. Here, we model the subunits of Set1C and develop a constraint‐based docking approach, which uses high‐quality protein interaction as well as functional data to guide and constrain the combinatorial assembly procedure. We obtained 22 final models. The core complex consisting of the subunits Set1, Bre2, Sdc1 and Swd2 is conformationally conserved in over half of the models, thus, giving high confidence. We characterize these high‐confidence and the lower confidence interfaces and discuss implications for the function of Set1C.
Ensuring treatment fidelity in a multi‐site behavioral intervention study: implementing NIH behavior change consortium recommendations in the SMART trial
Authors: Robb Sheri L. , Burns Debra S. , Docherty Sharron L. , Haase Joan E. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe Stories and Music for Adolescent/Young Adult Resilience during Transplant (SMART) study (R01NR008583; U10CA098543; U10CA095861) is an ongoing multi‐site Children's Oncology Group randomized clinical trial testing the efficacy of a therapeutic music video intervention for adolescents/young adults (11–24 years of age) with cancer undergoing stem cell transplant. Treatment fidelity strategies from our trial are consistent with the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Behavior Change Consortium Treatment Fidelity Workgroup (BCC) recommendations and provide a successful working model for treatment fidelity implementation in a large, multi‐site behavioral intervention study. In this paper, we summarize 20 specific treatment fidelity strategies used in the SMART trial and how these strategies correspond with NIH BCC recommendations in five specific areas: (1) study design, (2) training providers, (3) delivery of treatment, (4) receipt of treatment, and (5) enactment of treatment skills. Increased use and reporting of treatment fidelity procedures is essential in advancing the reliability and validity of behavioral intervention research. The SMART trial provides a strong model for the application of fidelity strategies to improve scientific findings and addresses the absence of published literature, illustrating the application of BCC recommendations in behavioral intervention studies. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
N‐terminal engineering of amyloid‐β‐binding Affibody molecules yields improved chemical synthesis and higher binding affinity
Authors: Lindgren Joel , Wahlström Anna , Danielsson Jens , Markova Natalia , Ekblad Caroline , Gräslund Astrid , Abrahmsén Lars , Karlström Amelie Eriksson , Wärmländer Sebastian K.T.S. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe aggregation of amyloid‐β (Aβ) peptides is believed to be a major factor in the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease. Molecules binding with high affinity and selectivity to Aβ‐peptides are important tools for investigating the aggregation process. An Aβ‐binding Affibody molecule, ZAβ3, has earlier been selected by phage display and shown to bind Aβ(1–40) with nanomolar affinity and to inhibit Aβ‐peptide aggregation. In this study, we create truncated functional versions of the ZAβ3 Affibody molecule better suited for chemical synthesis production. Engineered Affibody molecules of different length were produced by solid phase peptide synthesis and allowed to form covalently linked homodimers by S‐S‐bridges. The N‐terminally truncated Affibody molecules ZAβ3(12–58), ZAβ3(15–58), and ZAβ3(18–58) were produced in considerably higher synthetic yield than the corresponding full‐length molecule ZAβ3(1–58). Circular dichroism spectroscopy and surface plasmon resonance‐based biosensor analysis showed that the shortest Affibody molecule, ZAβ3(18–58), exhibited complete loss of binding to the Aβ(1–40)‐peptide, while the ZAβ3(12–58) and ZAβ3(15–58) Affibody molecules both displayed approximately one order of magnitude higher binding affinity to the Aβ(1–40)‐peptide compared to the full‐length Affibody molecule. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy showed that the structure of Aβ(1–40) in complex with the truncated Affibody dimers is very similar to the previously published solution structure of the Aβ(1–40)‐peptide in complex with the full‐length ZAβ3 Affibody molecule. This indicates that the N‐terminally truncated Affibody molecules ZAβ3(12–58) and ZAβ3(15–58) are highly promising for further engineering and future use as binding agents to monomeric Aβ(1–40).
Urinary estrogen metabolites and prostate cancer risk: A pilot study
Authors: Kosti Ourania , Xu Xia , Veenstra Timothy D. , Hsing Ann W. , Chu Lisa W. , Goldman Lenka , Bebu Ionut , Collins Sean , Dritschilo Anatoly , Lynch John H. , Goldman Radoslav 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe high incidence of and few identified risk factors for prostate cancer underscore the need to further evaluate markers of prostate carcinogenesis. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate urinary estrogen metabolites as a biomarker of prostate cancer risk.METHODSUsing a liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method, urinary concentrations of 15 estrogen metabolites were determined in 77 prostate cancer cases, 77 healthy controls, and 37 subjects who had no evidence of prostate cancer after a prostate biopsy.RESULTSWe observed an inverse association between the urinary 16‐ketoestradiol (16‐KE2) and 17‐epiestriol (17‐epiE3)—metabolites with high estrogenic activity—and prostate cancer risk. Men in the lowest quartile of 16‐KE2, had a 4.6‐fold risk of prostate cancer (OR = 4.62, 95% CI = 1.34–15.99), compared with those in the highest quartile.CONCLUSIONSWe observed modest differences in estrogen metabolite concentrations between prostate cancer patients and subjects without cancer. Larger studies with both androgen and estrogen measurements are needed to confirm these results to clarify further whether estrogen metabolites are independent biomarkers for prostate cancer risk and whether androgen/estrogen imbalance influences prostate cancer risk. Prostate 77:507–516, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dielectric and ferroelectric properties of lead‐free Ba1−xLaxTi1−xFexO3 ceramics
Authors: Chaabane H. , Abdelmoula N. , Khemakhem H. , Simon A. , Michau D. , Maglione M. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractPerovskite types Ba1−xLaxTi1−xFexO3 (with 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.15) ceramics have been prepared through a solid‐state reaction route. The room‐temperature X‐ray diffraction study suggests that all the compositions have single phase. A broad dielectric anomaly coupled with the shift of dielectric maxima toward a higher temperature with increasing frequency indicates the relaxor‐type behavior in some ceramics. The relaxor ceramics obtained obey the Vogel–Fulcher law. The partial replacement of Ba2+ by La3+ and Ti4+ by Fe3+ shows a remarkable decrease of TC. The P–E hysteresis measurement proves the ferroelectric character of these compounds. The piezoelectric constant d31 of about 33.7 pC N−1 was observed for Ba0.95La0.05Ti0.95Fe0.05O3 ceramic.
Effect of iron contamination on grain boundary states at a direct silicon bonded (110)/(100) interface
Authors: Li Xiaoqiang , Yu Xuegong , Lei Dong , Yang Deren , Rozgonyi George 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe effect of iron contamination on the electrical property of a (110)/(100) interfacial grain boundary (GB) in a p‐type direct‐silicon‐bonded wafer has been investigated by current–voltage and capacitance–voltage characteristics. It is found that iron contamination can change the charge property of this “model” GB. Based on proper physical modeling, it is found that compared to a “clean” grain boundary, iron contamination can significantly increase the density of GB states, and the corresponding GB neutral level has also been modified. These results show us a clear physical picture of Fe contamination influencing the GB states. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Basis set convergence of potential energy surfaces: Ground electronic state of H2 and H
Authors: Velilla Luis , Paniagua Miguel , Aguado Alfredo 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe convergence behavior of the total energy with the increase of the basis set is analyzed in two‐electron systems, H2 and H , where the source of error is the basis set truncation. Extrapolation of total energy to the complete basis set limit is carried out with the exponential and inverse cubic power (or higher order) functional forms, as a function of the cardinal number X that describes the correlation consistent basis sets, used in this work. The ability of the different extrapolation schemes to generate accurate potential energy curves or surfaces, over a wide range of geometries, is examined, following the criteria outlined by Halkier et al. (Chem Phys Lett, 1999, 310, 385). Comparison with the most accurate potential energy curve and surface for the ground electronic state of H2 (X1Σ) and H (1A′), respectively, shows that a simple two point extrapolation with the quintuple and sextuple zeta correlation‐consistent basis sets results yields to practically “spectroscopic accuracy.” To assess the precision of the extrapolated potential energy surfaces, several properties are compared with the most accurate ones. As an example, the vibrational energies obtained with the extrapolated energies have an error of only a few tenths of a cm−1. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2011
Cascade macroinvertebrate assemblages for in‐stream flow criteria and biomonitoring of tropical mountain streams
Authors: Shoda M. E. , Gorbach K. R. , Benbow M. E. , Burky A. J. 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTFew comprehensive studies on stream assessment and biomonitoring have been conducted in tropical, freshwater watersheds. Currently under threat from climate change, urbanization and increasing freshwater demands, there is a need for innovative approaches to tropical watershed assessment and management. This study investigated cascade habitat macroinvertebrate communities among four tropical mountain streams with the goal of enhancing future efforts to identify flow biocriteria for watersheds of Polynesia. Cascade macroinvertebrate communities were compared between streams of differing size and magnitude of flow removal to evaluate the biological effects of water withdrawal on benthic communities. Two cascade microhabitats, identified as torrenticolous and amphibious, were evaluated for macroinvertebrate community differences and presence of native taxa among watersheds. Cascade habitat in general was reduced, by as much as 98%, in downstream reaches, having a significant impact on the stream ecosystem physical template important for native stream communities. In addition, two‐way ANOVA results revealed no main effects, but significant interactions of watershed size and flow removal on mean macroinvertebrate density for torrenticolous microhabitats; however, the opposite was true for the amphibious microhabitat. Diversity was significantly higher under undiverted flow conditions (t = 4.21, df = 272, p = 0.0004) and in torrenticolous microhabitats (t = 3.86, df = 272, p < 0.0001) over the entire study period. The amphibious microhabitat was composed of 39% native taxa, while the torrenticolous microhabitat contained <7%. This study provides new options for biomonitoring of native populations in Polynesian watersheds. Further studies that support the development of in‐stream flow criteria to preserve cascades are important to understanding the role of this habitat in tropical stream ecosystem function. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Generalized Central Atom for Metallurgical Slags and High Alloyed Steel Grades
Authors: Lehmann J. , Zhang L. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe Cell model developed at ArcelorMittal Global R&D Maizières Process (formerly IRSID) during the 80's was the first comprehensive thermodynamic model for metallurgical slags. A more recent development in this domain, conducted jointly by ArcelorMittal Global R&D Maizières Process and CSIRO Process Science and Engineering, is the Generalized Central Atom model. This model is a generalization of the Central Atom model proposed in the 1970's by Lupis and co‐workers for modelling solid steel, which has now been extended to cover molten oxides and alloys. Recent work has shown how this model could greatly improve the performances of the Cell model for slags and how promising its application to liquid steel is, especially for high alloyed grades or segregated solutions.
Carbon Transfer in the Lower Zone of a Blast Furnace
Authors: Monaghan B. J. , Chapman Michael W. , Nightingale Sharon A. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIn this paper results from an investigation focused on coke/iron reactions occurring in the hearth of a blast furnace, below the slag layer, are presented. In this region, as coke dissolves in the iron there is the potential for a mineral layer to form and persist at the coke/iron interface and inhibit the rate of coke dissolution. Key findings of the investigation include that the composition of the mineral layer was principally composed of oxides of aluminium and calcium, present as various calcium aluminates and that the morphology of the layer profoundly affected the rate of carbon transfer. Follow‐up up studies on the kinetics of carbon transfer focussed on how the wetting and interfacial characteristics of iron on the calcium aluminates would affect iron penetration of the mineral layer are also reported and discussed as was a new material, called coke analogue, that could be used in the study of real industrial coke. Analysis of the wetting behaviour of liquid iron on alumina and the calcium aluminates investigated indicated that iron wetting of the mineral layer was not a key parameter in coke dissolution in iron for the coke composition studied. The brief details given for the coke analogue indicated that it did replicate coke dissolution behaviour in iron, though more experimental work is required to fully understand and exploit the potential of this material.
Surface Structure of Wustite observed using Scanning Tunneling Microscopy
Authors: Watanabe T. , Kitamura K. , Yamashita T. , Nagata K. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe surface structure of polycrystalline wustite was observed by means of scanning tunnel microscopy (STM). Wustite (Fe1‐xO) samples were prepared from oxidation of iron plates under different oxygen partial pressures. The non‐stoichiometry numbers (1‐x) of Fe1‐xO were 0.912, 0.901 and 0.887, respectively. Fe1‐xO surface is composed of many terraces like stairs. The planes are covered with mesh. The mesh size is about 1.3 nm, corresponding to the double lattice constant of Fe1‐xO, and independent of x. There are some depressions in the mesh randomly distributed and the mesh around the depressions is deformed.