bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
m6A methylation dynamically participates in the immune response againstVibrio anguillarumin half-smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis)
Authors: Tan Suxu , Wang Wenwen , Han Sen , Shi Kunpeng , Zang Shaoqing , Wu Zhendong , Sha Zhenxia 
Published: June 2024

AbstractN6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent RNA modification and a multifaceted regulator capable of affecting various aspects of mRNA metabolism, thereby playing important roles in numerous physiological processes. However, it is still unknown whether, when, and to what extent m6A modulation are implicated in the immune response of an economically important aquaculture fish, half-smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis). Herein, we systematically profiled and characterized the m6A epitranscriptome and transcriptome inC. semilaevisafter the infection ofVibrio anguillarum, a serious threat to the aquaculture industry. We demonstrated that m6A could be modulated as early as 4-hour post infection (hpi), and the overall intensity of m6A methylation was enhanced following infection. Both conservative and novel motifs were uncovered from the m6A modification sites. Furthermore, differentially m6A methylated genes (DMGs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, and functional enrichment revealed multiple immune-related pathways, especially the FoxO signaling pathway which showed significance in every comparison. Joint analysis highlighted the remarkedly dynamic role of m6A on gene expression, i.e. early on, m6A mainly prioritized the down-regulation of specific genes, and later, it switched gears to promote expression of another set of genes. Moreover, key immune-related genes, includingpdp1,rgs5l, andplk2b, were identified. To our limited knowledge, this is the first study comprehensively characterizing the global m6A atlas in aquaculture fish species. The presented results provide new insights into the dynamics of m6A modifications in the transcriptome of the half-smooth tongue sole following bacterial infection. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the functional significance of these changes and to understand how they affect specific biological processes.
Female lineages and changing kinship patterns in Neolithic Çatalhöyük
Authors: Yüncü Eren , Küçükakdağ Doğu Ayça , Kaptan Damla , Kılıç Muhammed Sıddık , Mazzucato Camilla , Güler Merve N. , Eker Elifnaz , Katırcıoğlu Büşra , Chyleński Maciej , Vural Kıvılcım Başak , Sevkar Arda , Atağ Gözde , Altınışık N. Ezgi , Küçük Baloğlu Fatma , Bozkurt Defne , Pearson Jessica , Milella Marco , Karamurat Cansu , Aktürk Şevval , Sağlıcan Ekin , Yıldız Nisan , Koptekin Dilek , Yorulmaz Sevgi , Kazancı Duygu Deniz , Aydoğan Ayça , Karabulut Nergis Bilge , Gürün Kanat , Schotsmans Eline M.J. , Anvari Jana , Rosenstock Eva , Byrnes Jennifer , Biehl Peter F. , Orton David , Lagerholm Vendela Kempe , Gemici Hasan Can , Vasic Milena , Marciniak Arkadiusz , Atakuman Çiğdem , Erdal Yılmaz Selim , Kırdök Emrah , Pilloud Marin , Larsen Clark Spencer , Haddow Scott D. , Götherström Anders , Knüsel Christopher J. , Özer Füsun , Hodder Ian , Somel Mehmet 
Published: June 2024

AbstractArguments have long suggested that the advent of early farming in the Near East and Anatolia was linked to a ‘Mother Goddess’ cult. However, evidence for a dominant female role in these societies has been scarce. We studied social organisation, mobility patterns and gendered practices in Neolithic Southwest Asia using 131 paleogenomes from Çatalhöyük East Mound (7100-5950 BCE), a major settlement in Central Anatolia with an uninterrupted occupation and an apparent egalitarian structure. In contrast to widespread genetic evidence for patrilocality in Neolithic Europe, the Çatalhöyük individuals revealed no indication of patrilocal mobility. Analysing genetic kin ties among individuals buried in the same house (co-burials) across 35 Çatalhöyük buildings, we identified close ties concentrated within buildings and among neighbours in Çatalhöyük’s Early period, akin to those in the preceding Pre-Pottery Neolithic in Southwest Asia. This pattern weakened over time: by the late 7th millennium BCE, subadults buried in the same building were rarely closely genetically related, despite sharing similar diets. Still, throughout the site’s occupation, genetic connections within Çatalhöyük buildings were much more frequently connected via the maternal than the paternal line. We also identified differential funerary treatment of female subadults compared to those of males, with a higher frequency of grave goods associated with females. Our results reveal how kinship practices changed while key female roles persisted over one thousand years in a large Neolithic community in western Eurasia.
Operator product expansion for radial lattice quantization of 3D
ϕ4
theory
Authors: Ayyar Venkitesh , Brower Richard C. , Fleming George T. , Glück Anna-Maria E. , Owen Evan K. , Raben Timothy G. , Tan Chung-I 
Published: June 2024

At its critical point, the three-dimensional lattice Ising model is described by a conformal field theory (CFT), the 3D Ising CFT. Instead of carrying out simulations on Euclidean lattices, we use the quantum finite elements method to implement radially quantized critical ϕ4 theory on simplicial lattices approaching R×S2. Computing the four-point function of identical scalars, we demonstrate the power of radial quantization by the accurate determination of the scaling dimensions Δε and ΔT as well as ratios of the operator product expansion coefficients fσσε and fσσT of the first spin-0 and spin-2 primary operators ε and T of the 3D Ising CFT.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Dispersive determination of fourth generation quark masses
Authors: Li Hsiang-nan 
Published: June 2024

We determine the masses of the sequential fourth generation quarks b′ and t′ in the extension of the Standard Model by solving the dispersion relations associated with the mixing between the neutral states Qq¯ and Q¯q, with Q (q) being a heavy (light) quark. The box diagrams responsible for the mixing, which provide the perturbative inputs to the dispersion relations, involve multiple intermediate channels, i.e., the ut and ct channels, u (c, t) being an up (charm, top) quark, in the b′ case, and the db′, sb′, and bb′ ones, d (s, b) being a down (strange, bottom) quark, in the t′ case. The common solutions for the above channels lead to the masses mb′=(2.7±0.1) and mt′≈200  TeV unambiguously. We show that these superheavy quarks, forming bound states in a Yukawa potential, barely contribute to Higgs boson production via gluon fusion and decay to photon pairs and bypass current experimental constraints. The mass of the b¯′b′ ground state is estimated to be about 3.2 TeV. It is thus worthwhile to continue the search for b′ quarks or b¯′b′ resonances at the (high-luminosity) Large Hadron Collider.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Electroweak corrections to Higgs boson production via Z Z fusion at the future LHeC
Authors: Xiong Hanying , Hou Hongsheng , Qian Zhuoni , Xu Qingjun , Wang Bowen 
Published: June 2024

An important mechanism for production of the Higgs boson at the prospective Large Hadron-electron Collider (LHeC) is via neutral current (NC) weak boson fusion (WBF) processes. Aside from its role in measurements of Higgs couplings within the standard model, this production mode is particularly useful in searchings of Higgs decays into invisible particles in various models for the Higg portal dark matter. In this work we compute the electroweak corrections for the NC WBF at the LHeC up to the one-loop level. For a center-of-mass energy of 1.98 TeV, the magnitudes of the relative corrections for the total cross section at next-to-leading (NLO) order are respectively 8% and 17%, in the two renormalization schemes we use. The NLO terms also distort various distributions (notably, those for Higgs and electron observables) computed at the leading order. Along with our previous treatment of the charge current processes, this paper completes the calculation of the NLO electroweak effects for the dominant Higgs production modes at the LHeC.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
The relationship between self-efficacy and emotional burnout levels of seafarers: the role of individual alienation – the case of Turkey
Authors: Battal Fetullah , Durmuş İbrahim , Çınar Ertuğrul 
Published: June 2024

PurposeThe study aims to examine the factors that may affect the burnout levels of ship workers.Design/methodology/approachThe scope of the research consists of seafarers on ships docking at the ports of Zonguldak, Karadeniz Eregli, Eren and Filyos in the Western Black Sea region of Turkey. The sample consists of officers, engineers, dynamic position operators, electricians, boatswains, able seamans, pumpmans and stewards working on ships. In this respect, a random questionnaire was used in the research method and a questionnaire was sent to 400 of these employees, representing the main sample, and 263 of them fully answered the online questionnaire.FindingsAs a result of the research, first of all, it is seen that the increase in the self-efficacy of the seafarers decreases their emotional burnout levels. In the second step, the strong self-efficacy of the seafarers reduced the level of individual alienation. In the third step, the increase in the individual alienation of the ship workers also caused an increase in the levels of emotional exhaustion.Originality/valueAs a result, it has been seen that there is a partial mediating role of individual alienation in the relationship between the self-efficacy of the seafarers and their emotional exhaustion. In other words, high self-efficacy is not the only reason for the decrease in emotional burnout levels among seafarers. At the same time, self-efficacy has an effect on the individual alienation levels of seafarers.
Managing the future of talents: digital innovation in learning organizations
Authors: Galanti Teresa , Fantinelli Stefania 
Published: June 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to explore the diffusion of digital innovation for talent management in Italian learning organizations.

Design/methodology/approach
It has been implemented a qualitative methodology to collect data, interviewing 16 experts; a mix method analysis was applied to explore thematic categories and to analyze co-occurrences by a quantitative approach analysis using T-Lab software.

Findings
There are some relevant points to underline: digital technologies are meant as a support to human resource management (HRM), and there is often the reference to digital gamification or gamified processes implemented for talent management procedures. Learning is a central element both for employees’ point of view and for HR specialists who feel the need for a major and more specific training on digital technologies.

Research limitations/implications
The limited size and composition of the sample put restrictions on the generalizability of results. The explorative nature of the study provides an in-depth consideration of digital innovation in learning organization, representing a first starting point for future quantitative investigations. From a practical point of view, this study emphasizes a learning organization culture as an essential attitude set to attract, select and retain top talents.

Practical implications
From a practical point of view, this study emphasizes a learning organization culture as an essential attitude set to attract, select and retain top talents.

Originality/value
Giving space and voice to HR and information and communication technologies experts has provided insights regarding the digitalization process in HRM in Italy, in particular, digital learning has been told as a necessary element for the competitiveness of the workforce.
Dermatopathological features and successful treatment with topical antioxidant for ichthyosiform lesions in Mitchell syndrome caused by an ACOX1 variant
Authors: Gong Zhuoqing , Yang Sai , Ling Shiqi , Wang Huijun , Xu Xiukuan , Lin Zhimiao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPeroxisomal acyl‐CoA oxidase 1 (ACOX1), is a peroxisomal enzyme that catalyzes β‐oxidation of very‐long‐chain fatty acids (VLCFA). The gain‐of‐function variant p.Asn237Ser in ACOX1 has been shown to cause Mitchell syndrome (MITCH), a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by episodic demyelination, hearing loss, and polyneuropathy, through the overproduction of hydrogen peroxide. Only eight cases of MITCH have been reported. While all these patients experienced cutaneous abnormalities, detailed skin features and potential treatment have not been documented. Herein, we report two MITCH patients who harbored a de novo heterozygous variant p.Asn237Ser in ACOX1 and experienced progressive ichthyosiform erythroderma. Skin histopathology revealed hyperkeratosis and parakeratosis with focal hypogranulosis as well as dyskeratotic keratinocytes. Lipid accumulation in the epidermis was observed using Oil Red O staining. Both patients exhibited a remarkable response to treatment with the topical antioxidant N‐acetylcysteine (NAC), with Patient 1 achieving complete recovery after 3 months of consistent treatment. This study provides the first comprehensive description of the clinicopathological characteristics and effective treatment of skin lesions in MITCH patients. The successful treatment with topical NAC suggests excessive reactive oxygen species might play a significant role in the pathogenesis of skin lesions in MITCH.
Ecosystem engineers shape ecological network structure and stability: A framework and literature review
Authors: Sanders Dirk , Frago Enric 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Ecosystem engineering is a ubiquitous process where species influence the physical environment and thereby structure ecological communities. However, there has been little effort to synthesize or predict how ecosystem engineering may impact the structure and stability of interaction networks.

To assess current scientific understanding of ecosystem engineering impacts via habitat forming, habitat modification and bioturbation on interaction networks/food webs, we reviewed the literature covering marine, freshwater and terrestrial food webs, plant‐pollinator networks and theory.

We provide a conceptual framework and identify three major pathways of engineering impact on networks through changes in resource availability and energy flow, habitat heterogeneity and environmental filtering. These three processes often work in concert and most studies report that engineering increases species richness. This is particularly marked for engineers that increase habitat heterogeneity and thereby the number of available niches.

The response of network structure to ecosystem engineering varies, however some patterns emerge from this review. Engineered habitat heterogeneity leads to a higher number of links between species in the networks and increases link density. Connectance can be negatively or positively affected by ecosystem engineer impact, depending on the engineering pathway and the engineer impact of species richness.

We discuss how ecosystem engineers can stabilize or destabilize communities through the changes in niche space, diversity, network structure and the dependency on the engineering impact. Theory and empirical evidence need to inform each other to better integrate ecosystem engineering and ecological networks. A mechanistic understanding how ecosystem engineering traits shape interactions networks and their stability will be important to predict species extinctions and can provide crucial information for conservation and ecosystem restoration.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Early‐Precambrian crystalline basement beneath the Upper Yangtze Block from regional aeromagnetic anomalies: Depth from extreme points approach
Authors: Li Yuanyuan , Teng Jiwen , Yang Yushan , Liu Tianyou , Yan Yafen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAlthough the early‐Precambrian crystalline basement is now only sporadically exposed in the northern and south‐western parts of the Yangtze Block, it is supposed to have a widespread distribution beneath its Neoproterozoic and Phanerozoic covers. Here we present results of regional aeromagnetic data processing in consideration of remanent magnetization to investigate the spatial distribution of the early‐Precambrian basement buried deep under the Upper Yangtze Block and surrounding areas. The direct analytic signal amplitude of the aeromagnetic anomalies, which is less affected by the magnetization direction, reveals a broader basement below the Sichuan Basin, extending far north to the Micang Mountain. A comparison between the direct analytic signal amplitude with the reduction to the pole aeromagnetic anomalies indicates that possible remanent magnetization exists beneath the Micang Mountain near the boundary between the Qinling Orogen and Sichuan Basin. The automatic depth from extreme points transform is then performed on the direct analytic signal amplitude to estimate the depth to the early‐Precambrian crystalline basement. A synthetic model of a magnetic interface with remanent magnetization and random noise shows that the depth from extreme points method is able to resolve variable basement depths. Application of the depth from extreme points method to the direct analytic signal amplitude of the Upper Yangtze Block presents meaningful results about the early‐Precambrian crystalline basement undulations. It is shallow and uplifted beneath the Sichuan Basin, extending north to the Qinling‐Dabie Orogen, probably corresponding to the ancient Chuanzhong palaeo‐uplift. Although it gradually deepens to the east, the deepest basement is buried under the Jiangnan Orogen, which is likely associated with the collision‐induced crustal thickening between the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks during the assembly of the Columbia supercontinent. Large gas fields around the Sichuan Basin are found at the slopes or depressions between basement uplifts, indicating that the deep marine carbonate rocks in the south and east of Sichuan Basin, particularly those located at the slopes or depressions between ancient basement uplifts, are favourable targets for further petroleum exploration.
Local climate change velocities and evolutionary history explain multidirectional range shifts in a North American butterfly assemblage
Authors: da Silva Carmen R. B. , Diamond Sarah E. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Species are often expected to shift their distributions either poleward or upslope to evade warming climates and colonise new suitable climatic niches. However, from 18‐years of fixed transect monitoring data on 88 species of butterfly in the midwestern United States, we show that butterflies are shifting their centroids in all directions, except towards regions that are warming the fastest (southeast).

Butterflies shifted their centroids at a mean rate of 4.87 km year−1. The rate of centroid shift was significantly associated with local climate change velocity (temperature by precipitation interaction), but not with mean climate change velocity throughout the species' ranges.

Species tended to shift their centroids at a faster rate towards regions that are warming at slower velocities but increasing in precipitation velocity.

Surprisingly, species' thermal niche breadth (range of climates butterflies experience throughout their distribution) and wingspan (often used as metric for dispersal capability) were not correlated with the rate at which species shifted their ranges.

We observed high phylogenetic signal in the direction species shifted their centroids. However, we found no phylogenetic signal in the rate species shifted their centroids, suggesting less conserved processes determine the rate of range shift than the direction species shift their ranges.

This research shows important signatures of multidirectional range shifts (latitudinal and longitudinal) and uniquely shows that local climate change velocities are more important in driving range shifts than the mean climate change velocity throughout a species' entire range.
How does geology influence the effect of land use on stream macroinvertebrate communities?
Authors: Hunter Harriet A. , Fuller Ian C. , Death Russell G. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Both catchment geology and land use surrounding a stream will affect the degree of fine sediment deposition from erosion and its consequent impacts on stream macroinvertebrate communities. While geology and land use have been shown to impact stream communities individually, their interaction has received less attention.

We investigated the interaction between geology and land use on stream macroinvertebrate communities in the Tairāwhiti Region, New Zealand. The region has streams that drain harder sandstones and softer shales and mudstones, the latter having some of the highest erosion rates in the world. Macroinvertebrates were sampled each year between 2016 and 2018 at 80 sites in exotic forest, indigenous forest and pasture streams that drained hard or soft geology catchments.

Conductivity in pasture and exotic forest streams was nearly twice as high as in indigenous forest streams and higher in soft than hard sediment streams. Deposited sediment cover was greater in soft than hard sediment streams, and greater in pasture and exotic forest streams than in indigenous forest streams. Periphyton cover did not differ between land uses but was higher in soft sediment streams.

Ecological health was higher in the indigenous forest sites, intermediate in exotic forest sites and lowest in pasture streams. Biological indices were also higher within each land use in streams draining hard than soft sediment streams. Invertebrate communities appear to be determined primarily by the amount of deposited fine sediment and conductivity, both of which are higher in soft than in hard bottom streams, and in exotic forest and pasture streams.

Synthesis and applications: Our results illustrate a complex and strong interaction between geology and land use and the consequent impact on stream macroinvertebrate communities. The combination of soft bottom streams with pasture or exotic forest land use is more detrimental than in similar hard bottom streams. Therefore, regulations for the management of any given land use need to be much stricter in catchments dominated by soft sediment geology.