bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Indispensable Role of CCR5 for In Vivo Suppressor Function of Tumor-Derived CD103+ Effector/Memory Regulatory T Cells
Authors: Chang Li-Yuan , Lin Yung-Chang , Kang Chiao-Wen , Hsu Chen-Yu , Chu Yu-Yi , Huang Ching-Tai , Day Yuan-Ji , Chen Tse-Ching , Yeh Chau-Ting , Lin Chun-Yen 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
CD103 is a marker for identification of effector/memory regulatory T cells (Tregs). CD103+ Tregs are potent suppressors of tissue inflammation in several infectious diseases, autoimmune diseases, and cancers. However, the underlying mechanisms for this potent suppression ability remain unclear. The current study was designed to clarify this issue. Unexpectedly, we found both CD103+ and CD103− Tregs had similar suppression capacity in vitro. We then chose a murine tumor model for investigation of the in vivo behavior of these Tregs. The suppression ability in vivo against the anti-tumor ability of CD8+ T cells was restricted to CD103+ Tregs although both Tregs had equal in vitro suppression ability. In addition, CD103+ Tregs expressed significantly higher levels of CCR5 than those of CD103− Tregs and accumulated more in tumors than did CD103− Tregs. Furthermore, blockade of CCR5 signaling, either by CCR5−/−CD103+ Tregs or by CCL5 knockdown tumor, could reduce the migration of CD103+ Tregs into tumors and impair their in vivo suppression ability. In conclusion, these results indicate that the potent in vivo suppression ability of CD103+ Tregs is due to the tissue-migration ability through CCR5 expression.
Thai Medical Students’ Self Assessment of Palliative Care Competencies
Authors: Srisawat Sukanya , Phungrassami Temsak 
Published: June 2012

Objective To evaluate the final-year medical students’ perception of their competencies related to palliative care. Materials and Methods Two consecutive anonymous surveys at 6 and 12 months among 6th-year medical students at the Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University. Results One hundred and ten (66%) and 103 (62%) students completed the questionnaires at 6 and 12 months, respectively. With the criteria that at least 80% of them should be confident to manage the cases independently or under supervision, they perceived themselves to be good at holistic care and communication skills, but lacking in common symptoms management and ethical aspects. The common promoting factors and barriers for their learning experiences were reported. Conclusion This study identified many aspects necessary to improve the students’ learning experience in our compulsory longitudinal integrated palliative care curriculum.
Origin of Motion in the Human Ureter: Mechanics, Energetics and Kinetics of the Myosin Molecular Motors
Authors: Vargiu Romina , Perinu Anna , De Lisa Antonello , Tintrup Frank , Manca Francesco , Mancinelli Rino 
Published: June 2012

Background Ureteral peristalsis is the result of coordinated mechanical motor performance of longitudinal and circular smooth muscle layer of the ureter wall. The main aim of this study was to characterize in smooth muscle of proximal segments of human ureter, the mechanical properties at level of muscle tissue and at level of myosin molecular motors. Methods Ureteral samples were collected from 15 patients, who underwent nephrectomy for renal cancer. Smooth muscle strips longitudinally and circularly oriented from proximal segments of human ureter were used for the in vitro experiments. Mechanical indices including the maximum unloaded shortening velocity (Vmax), and the maximum isometric tension (P0) normalized per cross-sectional area, were determined in vitro determined in electrically evoked contractions of longitudinal and circular smooth muscle strips. Myosin cross-bridge (CB) number per mm2 (Ψ) the elementary force per single CB (Ψ) and kinetic parameters were calculated in muscle strips, using Huxley's equations adapted to nonsarcomeric muscles. Results Longitudinal smooth muscle strips exhibited a significantly (p<0.05) faster Vmax (63%) and a higher P0 (40%), if compared to circular strips. Moreover, longitudinal muscle strips showed a significantly higher unitary force (Ψ) per CB. However, no significant differences were observed in CB number, the attachment (f1) and the detachment (g2) rate constants between longitudinal and circular muscle strips. Conclusions The main result obtained in the present work documents that the mechanical, energetic and unitary forces per CB of longitudinal layer of proximal ureter are better compared to the circular one; these preliminary findings suggested, unlike intestinal smooth muscle, a major role of longitudinal smooth muscle layer in the ureter peristalsis.
Concise Review: Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering for Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Haraguchi Yuji , Shimizu Tatsuya , Yamato Masayuki , Okano Teruo 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in developed countries. Various therapies for cardiovascular disease are investigated actively and are performed clinically. Recently, cell-based regenerative medicine using several cell sources has appeared as an alternative therapy for curing cardiovascular diseases. Scaffold-based or cell sheet-based tissue engineering is focused as a new generational cell-based regenerative therapy, and the clinical trials have also been started. Cell-based regenerative therapies have an enormous potential for treating cardiovascular disease. This review summarizes the recent research of cell sources and cell-based-regenerative therapies for cardiovascular diseases.
Gouvernance et diplomatie culturelles
Authors: Warren Jean-Philippe 
Published: June 2012

Jugée par maints démocrates à la fois vaine et vénale, l’attribution d’honneurs par les États occidentaux n’a que depuis peu attiré l’attention des chercheurs universitaires. Pourtant, loin de correspondre à un legs anachronique, la remise de médailles par les États modernes doit être interprétée comme une véritable « technique de gouvernement ». L’exemple de l’attribution de la Légion d’honneur à des Québécois est particulièrement intéressant puisqu’il permet de comprendre comment la « science de l’honneur » a été mise au service des intérêts diplomatiques de la France dans cette partie de l’Amérique du Nord. L’histoire de l’attribution de la Légion d’honneur à des Québécois jette une lumière différente sur les aléas des relations entre les deux nations, et ce, sur une longue période. À étudier les pedigrees des décorés et les fréquences des décorations, on obtient non seulement un portrait des relations internationales entre les deux régions, mais un indicateur des facteurs ayant présidé à ces échanges.
L’émergence d’un loisir : les particularités de la promenade en carrosse au Canada au XVIIIe siècle
Authors: Turcot1 Laurent 
Published: June 2012

La promenade, qu’elle se pratique à cheval, à pied ou en carrosse, constitue le loisir par excellence de l’élite européenne. Parce qu’elle implique une dimension publique du « voir et être vu », elle sert la distinction sociale. Le Canada du XVIIIe siècle est lui aussi le théâtre de pratiques de loisir qui fondent des rapports sociaux. La question que le présent article cherchent à répondre est le suivante : y a-t-il des divertissements spécifiquement canadiens au XVIIIe siècle ? La promenade devient ici une porte d’entrée dans le domaine de l’histoire culturelle, et plus spécifiquement dans l’histoire des loisirs, souvent confiné au XIXe siècle. Si le modèle européen est repris, il est cependant adapté et transformé pour permettre l’émergence d’une pratique typiquement canadienne : la promenade hivernale. Les conditions de la promenade, avec ses voitures, ses lieux fréquentés et ses normes sociales sont quelques unes de ces formes de transformations. Le but de cet article est de montrer les transferts culturels entre la France, l’Angleterre et le Canada, mais également de montrer comment se mettent en place les conditions de loisirs dans la colonie.
The Relationship of School Breakfast to Psychosocial and Academic Functioning
Authors: Murphy J. Michael , Pagano Maria E. , Nachmani Joan , Sperling Peter , Kane Shirley , Kleinman Ronald E. 
Published: June 2012

ObjectiveTo determine if a relationship exists between participation in a school breakfast program and measures of psychosocial and academic functioning in school-aged children.MethodsInformation on participation in a school breakfast program, school record data, and in-depth interviews with parents and children were collected in 1 public school in Philadelphia, Pa, and 2 public schools in Baltimore, Md, prior to the implementation of a universally free (UF) breakfast program and again after the program had been in place for 4 months. One hundred thirty-three low-income students had complete data before and after the UF breakfast program on school breakfast participation and school-recorded measures, and 85 of these students had complete psychosocial interview data before and after the UF breakfast program. Teacher ratings of behavior before and after the UF breakfast program were available for 76 of these students.ResultsSchoolwide data showed that prior to the UF breakfast program, 240 (15%) of the 1627 students in the 3 schools were eating a school-supplied breakfast each day. Of the 133 students in the interview sample, 24 (18%) of the students ate a school-supplied breakfast often, 26 (20%) ate a school-supplied breakfast sometimes, and 83 (62%) ate a school-supplied breakfast rarely or never. Prior to the UF breakfast program, students who ate a school-supplied breakfast often or sometimes had significantly higher math scores and significantly lower scores on child-, parent-, and teacher-reported symptom questionnaires than children who ate a school-supplied breakfast rarely or never. At the end of the school term 4 months after the implementation of the UF breakfast program, school-supplied breakfast participation had nearly doubled and 429 (27%) of the 1612 children in the 3 schools were participating in the school breakfast program each day. In the interview sample, almost half of the children had increased their participation. Students who increased their participation in the school breakfast program had significantly greater increases in their math grades and significantly greater decreases in the rates of school absence and tardiness than children whose participation remained the same or decreased. Child and teacher ratings of psychosocial problems also decreased to a significantly greater degree for children with increased participation in the school breakfast program.ConclusionBoth cross-sectional and longitudinal data from this study provide strong evidence that higher rates of participation in school breakfast programs are associated in the short-term with improved student functioning on a broad range of psychosocial and academic measures.
Association between body mass index and anti–citrullinated protein antibody–positive and anti–citrullinated protein antibody–negative rheumatoid arthritis: Results from a population‐based case–control study
Authors: Wesley Annmarie , Bengtsson Camilla , Elkan Ann‐Charlotte , Klareskog Lars , Alfredsson Lars , Wedrén Sara ,   for the Epidemiological Investigation of Rheumatoid Arthritis Study Group
Published: June 2012

AbstractObjectiveBeing overweight or obese is associated with many chronic diseases, but previous studies of the association with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have shown inconsistent results. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) and the risk of developing the 2 main subtypes of RA.MethodsAt inclusion, cases and controls answered questions about their weight and height and donated blood samples. The presence of antibodies to citrullinated protein antigens (ACPAs) was analyzed among 2,748 cases and 3,444 controls (28% men). Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated using conditional logistic regression.ResultsCompared to those with normal weight (BMI <25 kg/m2), the adjusted overall OR for developing ACPA‐negative RA was 1.1 (95% CI 0.9–1.3) for overweight individuals (BMI ≥25 to <30 kg/m2) and 1.4 (95% CI 1.1–1.9) for obese individuals (BMI ≥30 kg/m2). When stratified by sex, the OR for ACPA‐negative RA for obese women was 1.6 (95% CI 1.2–2.2), and there was no association between obesity and ACPA‐negative RA in men (OR 1.1, 95% CI 0.6–1.8). In obese men compared to men with normal weight, the OR for ACPA‐positive RA was 0.6 (95% CI 0.3–0.9), while there was no association between BMI and ACPA‐positive RA among women (OR 1.0, 95% CI 0.8–1.2).ConclusionOur findings show that obesity is associated with developing ACPA‐negative RA in women, and indicate an inverse association between BMI and ACPA‐positive RA in men.
Racial differences in foot disorders and foot type
Authors: Golightly Yvonne M. , Hannan Marian T. , Dufour Alyssa B. , Jordan Joanne M. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo describe racial differences in the frequency of structural foot disorders and pes planus and pes cavus foot types in a large cohort of African American and white men and women ages ≥50 years.MethodsOf 1,695 Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project participants evaluated for foot disorders/types in 2006–2010, 4 with lower extremity amputation were excluded, leaving 1,691 available for analyses (mean age 69 years, mean body mass index [BMI] 31.5 kg/m2, 68% women, 31% African American). The most common foot disorders/types were identified using a validated foot examination. Each foot disorder/type was compared by race using logistic regression, controlling for age, BMI, and sex. Effect modification between race (African American versus white) and age, BMI (categorized as ≥30 kg/m2 [obese] or <30 kg/m2 [nonobese]), sex, and education was examined.ResultsHallux valgus (64%), hammer toes (35%), overlapping toes (34%), and pes planus (23%) were common. Compared to whites, African Americans were almost 3 times more likely to have pes planus and were nearly 5 times less likely to have Tailor's bunions or pes cavus. Among the nonobese, African Americans were more likely than whites to have hallux valgus (adjusted odds ratio [ORadj] 2.01, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.39–2.92), hammer toes (ORadj 2.64, 95% CI 1.88–3.70), and overlapping toes (ORadj 1.53, 95% CI 1.09–2.13).ConclusionFoot disorders are common among adults ages ≥50 years and differ by race. Future research is needed to determine the etiology of foot problems, especially those with racial differences, in order to inform prevention approaches.
Comparison of children with onset of juvenile dermatomyositis symptoms before or after their fifth birthday in a UK and Ireland juvenile dermatomyositis cohort study
Authors: Martin N. , Krol P. , Smith S. , Beard L. , Pilkington C. A. , Davidson J. , Wedderburn L. R. ,   Juvenile Dermatomyositis Research Group (JDRG)
Published: June 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo compare 2 groups of children with juvenile dermatomyositis (DM), those with onset of symptoms before their fifth birthday versus those whose disease begins either on or after their fifth birthday, and to assess whether age at onset is associated with differences in disease presentation, treatments received, or outcomes 2 years after diagnosis.MethodsData were analyzed on children recruited to a UK juvenile DM cohort study with a diagnosis of probable or definite juvenile DM and less than 12 months between diagnosis and recruitment.ResultsFifty‐five (35%) of 157 children had onset of symptoms before their fifth birthday. At diagnosis, cutaneous ulceration was found in 32.7% of the younger group versus 11.8% of the older group (P = 0.003). Facial or body swelling was reported more often in the younger group, whereas headaches, alopecia, and Raynaud's phenomenon were all more frequently reported in the older group. At followup 2 years later, there were no important differences in outcomes between the groups. More than 90% of patients in both groups received both methotrexate and steroids. Twenty‐three percent of both groups remained on steroids 2 years after diagnosis.ConclusionOur study showed that children with juvenile DM with disease onset at age <5 years are more likely to present with ulcerative skin disease and edema. There were no clinically significant differences in outcomes between the 2 groups.
Peptide Targeted Lipid Nanoparticles for Anticancer Drug Delivery
Authors: Pearce Timothy R. , Shroff Kamlesh , Kokkoli Efrosini 
Published: June 2012

AbstractEncapsulating anticancer drugs in nanoparticles has proven to be an effective mechanism to alter the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of the drugs, leading to clinically useful cancer therapeutics like Doxil and DaunoXome. Underdeveloped tumor vasculature and lymphatics allow these first‐generation nanoparticles to passively accumulate within the tumor, but work to create the next‐generation nanoparticles that actively participate in the tumor targeting process is underway. Lipid nanoparticles functionalized with targeting peptides are among the most often studied. The goal of this article is to review the recently published literature of targeted nanoparticles to highlight successful designs that improved in vivo tumor therapy, and to discuss the current challenges of designing these nanoparticles for effective in vivo performance.
Unprecedented Selective Oxidation of Styrene Derivatives using a Supported Iron Oxide Nanocatalyst in Aqueous Medium
Authors: Rajabi Fatemeh , Karimi Nafiseh , Saidi Mohammad Reza , Primo Ana , Varma Rajender S. , Luque Rafael 
Published: June 2012

AbstractIron oxide nanoparticles supported on mesoporous silica‐type materials have been successfully utilized in the aqueous selective oxidation of alkenes under mild conditions using hydrogen peroxide as green oxidant. The supported catalyst could be easily recovered after completion of the reaction and reused several times without any loss in activity (no metal leaching observed during the reaction), constituting a facile and straightforward example of aqueous oxidation chemistry promoted by iron‐based heterogeneous systems.
Carbon Nitride‐Catalyzed Photoredox CC Bond Formation with N‐Aryltetrahydroisoquinolines
Authors: Möhlmann Lennart , Baar Moritz , Rieß Julian , Antonietti Markus , Wang Xinchen , Blechert Siegfried 
Published: June 2012

AbstractIn this communication we describe the oxidative CC bond formation of tertiary amines with various nucleophiles under very mild and environmental friendly conditions by using mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride (mpg‐C3N4) semiconductor as a heterogeneous, metal‐free photosensitizer in combination with visible light and oxygen as the terminal oxidation agent. This system can be further combined with proline‐organocatalysis to achieve oxidative tandem photocatalysis, demonstrating a rich cascade of chemical possibilities of the current photosynthesis system.
Samarium‐Promoted Asymmetric Aldol–Tishchenko Reaction: Synthesis of Amino Acid‐Derived 4‐Amino‐1,3‐diols
Authors: Rodríguez‐Solla Humberto , Concellón Carmen , Tuya Paula , García‐Granda Santiago , Díaz M. Rosario 
Published: June 2012

AbstractA samarium‐mediated novel synthesis of enantiopure 4‐amino‐1,3‐diols is carried out through a samarium‐promoted aldol–Tishchenko reaction starting from chiral α′‐amino‐α‐chloro ketones (derived from natural α‐amino acids) and aldehydes. The process takes place with moderate levels of stereoselectivity and in high yields. A mechanism is proposed to explain these results while the absolute configuration and structure of the aldol–Tishchenko adducts were established by X‐ray analysis. This method has also been utilized for the synthesis of enigmols, 1‐deoxysphingoid base analogues.
N‐Octanoyldimethylglycine Trifluoroethyl Ester, an Acyl Donor Leading to Highly Enantioselective Protease‐Catalysed Kinetic Resolution of Amines
Authors: Queyroy Severine , Vanthuyne Nicolas , Gastaldi Stéphane , Bertrand Michèle P. , Gil Gérard 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe use of N‐octanoyldimethylglycine trifluoroethyl ester as acyl donor in the kinetic resolution of aliphatic amines catalysed by proteases led to enantiomeric ratios >200 in most cases. The resolutions mediated by Protex 6L were shown to be much faster than the resolutions achieved with the most efficient commercially available serine proteases, i.e., alkaline protease, Properase 1600L, and Subtilisin
Iron‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Allenes from 2‐Alken‐4‐ynoates and Grignard Reagents
Authors: Hata Takeshi , Iwata Satoshi , Seto Shumpei , Urabe Hirokazu 
Published: June 2012

AbstractTreatment of 2‐alken‐4‐ynoates with methyl‐ or aryl‐Grignard reagents and iron(II) chloride (10 mol%) afforded 5‐methyl‐ or 5‐aryl‐3,4‐alkadienoates in good yields as a single isomer after aqueous work‐up. Likewise, (2‐alken‐4‐ynoyl)oxazolidinones afforded (5‐methyl‐3,4‐alkadienoyl)oxazolidinones. The aldol‐type reaction with acetone was also possible in place of the hydrolytic work‐up.
Phosphite‐Gold(I)‐Catalyzed [2+2] Intermolecular Cycloaddition of Enol Ethers with N‐Allenylsulfonamides
Authors: Suárez‐Pantiga Samuel , Hernández‐Díaz Cristina , Piedrafita María , Rubio Eduardo , González José M. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAddition of catalytic amounts of a phosphite‐based gold(I) catalyst efficiently triggers the intermolecular [2+2] cycloaddition of allenes and alkenes substituted by electron‐donor groups. The reaction is fast and furnishes cyclobutane derivatives in a stereoselective manner using low catalyst loadings. Besides, the same catalyst selectively affords homodimerization products from the starting allene, a process that may be conveniently fine tuned by addition of norbornene.
Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Intermolecular [2+2] Cycloadditions between Allenamides and Alkenes
Authors: Faustino Hélio , Bernal Paloma , Castedo Luis , López Fernando , Mascareñas José L. 
Published: June 2012

Abstract3‐(Propa‐1,2‐dien‐1‐yl)oxazolidin‐2‐one works as an efficient two‐carbon partner in a variety of intermolecular gold‐catalyzed [2+2] cycloadditions to alkenes. The transformation represents a simple and practical entry to highly substituted cyclobutane derivatives and takes place with complete regio‐ and stereocontrol.
Intramolecular Azide‐Alkene 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition/Enamine Addition(s) Cascade Reaction: Synthesis of Nitrogen‐Containing Heterocycles
Authors: de Miguel Irene , Herradón Bernardo , Mann Enrique 
Published: June 2012

AbstractA cascade intramolecular azide‐alkene 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition/1,2 enamine and/or 1,4 enamine addition reaction sequence has been developed, and provides access to a variety of nitrogen containing heterocycles from readily available ω‐azido alkenes.
Dithiolane‐Directed Tandem Oxidation/1,2‐Benzyl Migration of Tetramic Acids under Ambient Conditions
Authors: Li Yifei , Xu Xianxiu , Xia Chunyu , Pan Ling , Liu Qun 
Published: June 2012

AbstractReactions directly involving triplet oxygen are an important issue in organic and biological chemistry. We now report that exposure of tetramic acids in the open air (molecular oxygen) at room temperature can lead to the formation of succinimide derivatives in high to excellent yields via tandem oxidation/1,2‐benzyl migration. In this reaction, the dithiolane moiety plays a crucial role and succinimides are produced either in the presence or absence of dibutyl sulfide as reductant.