bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The single picker routing problem with scattered storage: modeling and evaluation of routing and storage policies
Authors: Lüke Laura , Heßler Katrin , Irnich Stefan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDespite ongoing automation efforts, most warehouses are still manually operated using a person-to-parts collection strategy. This process of collecting items of customer orders from different storage locations accounts for the majority of the operating costs of the warehouse. Hence, optimizing picker routes is an important instrument to reduce labor costs. We examine the scattered-storage variant of the single picker routing problem in a one-block parallel-aisle warehouse. With scattered storage, an article can be stored at several storage locations within the warehouse, whereas with classic storage, each article has a unique storage location. We use our recently published network-flow model with covering constraints that is based on an extension of the state space of the dynamic-programming formulation by Ratliff and Rosenthal. With modifications in the state graph, this model serves for both exact and all established heuristic routing methods for picker routing. The latter include traversal, return, largest gap, midpoint, and composite. We show that these routing policies can also be implemented through adaptations in the state space. Extensive computational studies highlight a comparison of the different routing and storage policies (in particular class-based storage policies) in the scattered storage context. Analyses demonstrate which combinations of policies are advantageous for the given warehouse layout. For class-based storage policies, we emphasize how the scattering of articles of different classes should be performed: scattering of C-articles is advantageous with reductions of up to 25%. In contrast, when articles are uniformly distributed, A-articles should be scattered.
Accuracy and error analysis of optical liquid film thickness measurement with total internal reflection method (TIRM)
Authors: Grasso Matteo , Petrov Victor , Manera Annalisa 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe characterization of thin liquid films is relevant to many engineering applications, ranging from oil and chemical industry to refrigeration systems, to cooling of light water nuclear reactors. The total internal reflection method (TIRM) is an optical method known for decades for being able to non-intrusively measure film thickness of a wide range of fluids flowing over a transparent wall, but systematic studies on the accuracy of the method are still missing. In this work, TIRM is presented and all the main potential error sources related to the application of such measurement are thoroughly characterized. The analysis includes the potential impact of variation of the refractive index on the measured thickness, the extension of the experimental calibration range to a broader set of measurable thicknesses and the effect of the inhomogeneity of the film free surface on the measured thickness. This latter aspect was never investigated in detail before because of the inherent complexity of the involved physical phenomena, but an in-house developed ray-tracing simulation allows new insights into the problem. Overall, the present paper redefines the utilization limitations and the accuracy of TIRM.
Environmental impact of the diet of young Portuguese and its relationship with adherence to the Mediterranean Diet
Authors: Álvarez-Álvarez Laura , Vitelli-Storelli Facundo , Rubín-García María , Martín-Sánchez Vicente , García Fernández Camino , Carvalho Catarina , Araújo Joana , Ramos Elisabete 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objective
To estimate, in a cohort of young Portuguese adults, the environmental impact (greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, land use, energy used, acidification and potential eutrophication) of diet according to adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MD).

Methods
Data from 1554 participants of the Epidemiologic Health Investigation of Teenagers in Porto (EPITeen) were analysed. Food intake and MD adherence were determined using validated questionnaires. The environmental impact was evaluated with the EAT-Lancet Commission tables, and the link between MD adherence and environmental impact was calculated using adjusted multivariate linear regression models.

Results
Higher adherence (high vs. low) to the MD was associated with lower environmental impact in terms of land use (7.8 vs. 8.5 m2, p = 0.002), potential acidification (57.8 vs. 62.4 g SO2-eq, p = 0.001) and eutrophication (21.7 vs. 23.5 g PO4-eq, p < 0.001). Energy use decreased only in the calorie-adjusted model (9689.5 vs. 10,265.9 kJ, p < 0.001), and GHG emissions were reduced only in a complementary model where fish consumption was eliminated (3035.3 vs. 3281.2 g CO2-eq, p < 0.001). Meat products had the greatest environmental impact for all five environmental factors analysed: 35.7% in GHG emissions, 60.9% in energy use, 72.8% in land use, 70% in acidification and 61.8% in eutrophication.

Conclusions
Higher adherence to the MD is associated with lower environmental impact, particularly in terms of acidification, eutrophication, and land use. Reducing meat consumption can contribute to greater environmental sustainability.
CCAT1 lncRNA is chromatin-retained and post-transcriptionally spliced
Authors: Bohrer Chaya , Varon Eli , Peretz Eldar , Reinitz Gita , Kinor Noa , Halle David , Nissan Aviram , Shav-Tal Yaron 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSuper-enhancers are unique gene expression regulators widely involved in cancer development. Spread over large DNA segments, they tend to be found next to oncogenes. The super-enhancer c-MYC locus forms long-range chromatin looping with nearby genes, which brings the enhancer and the genes into proximity, to promote gene activation. The colon cancer-associated transcript 1 (CCAT1) gene, which is part of the MYC locus, transcribes a lncRNA that is overexpressed in colon cancer cells through activation by MYC. Comparing different types of cancer cell lines using RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (RNA FISH), we detected very prominent CCAT1 expression in HeLa cells, observed as several large CCAT1 nuclear foci. We found that dozens of CCAT1 transcripts accumulate on the gene locus, in addition to active transcription occurring from the gene. The accumulating transcripts are released from the chromatin during cell division. Examination of CCAT1 lncRNA expression patterns on the single-RNA level showed that unspliced CCAT1 transcripts are released from the gene into the nucleoplasm. Most of these unspliced transcripts were observed in proximity to the active gene but were not associated with nuclear speckles in which unspliced RNAs usually accumulate. At larger distances from the gene, the CCAT1 transcripts appeared spliced, implying that most CCAT1 transcripts undergo post-transcriptional splicing in the zone of the active gene. Finally, we show that unspliced CCAT1 transcripts can be detected in the cytoplasm during splicing inhibition, which suggests that there are several CCAT1 variants, spliced and unspliced, that the cell can recognize as suitable for export.
Normal spinopelvic parameters and correlation analysis in 217 asymptomatic children
Authors: Qi Hao , Zhao ZengHui , Gao XianDa , Wang Chenchen , Zhang Zuzhuo , Su Dan , Zu Feiyu , Xue Rui , Hou Zhiyong , Chen Wei , Zhang Di 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Understanding spinal sagittal balance is crucial for assessing and treating spinal deformities in pediatric populations.

Objective
The aim of the present observational study is to examine the parameters of sagittal alignment of the regional spine and spinopelvic region in asymptomatic pediatric populations and the characteristics of these parameters with age and sex.

Methods
We enrolled 217 participants, consisting of 112 males (51.6%) and 105 females (48.4%), aged between 4 and 15 years, with an average age of 12.19 years. Pelvic incidence, pelvic tilt, sacral slope, lumbar lordosis, thoracic kyphosis, T1 slope, C7 slope, cervical sagittal vertical axis, and C2–7 Cobb angle were measured. Three spine surgeons conducted radiographic measurements utilizing the PACS software. The measurement reliability was assessed through ICCs.

Results
Our results show significant age-related changes in pelvic tilt and cervical sagittal vertical axis, with notable gender differences in pelvic tilt, lumbar lordosis, and thoracic kyphosis. Girls have larger PT, boys have larger cSVA. PI, PT, and cSVA also differ among different age groups. Correlation analysis shows that a series of relationships that align with adult population patterns between pelvic incidence, pelvic tilt, sacral slope, lumbar lordosis, and thoracic kyphosis.

Conclusion
Significant variations in PT and cSVA across diverse age cohorts highlights notable disparities in the distribution of PT and cSVA values within the pediatric population. Gender-based differences in PT, LL, and TK and correlation in spinopelvic parameter could enhances our understanding of compensatory mechanisms.
On the number of lattice points in thin sectors
Authors: Waxman Ezra , Yesha Nadav 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOn the circle of radius R centred at the origin, consider a “thin” sector about the fixed line $$y = \alpha x$$

y
=
α
x

with edges given by the lines $$y = (\alpha \pm \epsilon ) x$$

y
=
(
α
±
ϵ
)
x

, where $$\epsilon = \epsilon _R \rightarrow 0$$

ϵ
=

ϵ
R

→
0

as $$ R \rightarrow \infty $$

R
→
∞

. We establish an asymptotic count for $$S_{\alpha }(\epsilon ,R)$$

S
α

(
ϵ
,
R
)

, the number of integer lattice points lying in such a sector. Our results depend both on the decay rate of $$\epsilon $$
ϵ
and on the rationality/irrationality type of $$\alpha $$
α
. In particular, we demonstrate that if $$\alpha $$
α
is Diophantine, then $$S_{\alpha }(\epsilon ,R)$$

S
α

(
ϵ
,
R
)

is asymptotic to the area of the sector, so long as $$\epsilon R^{t} \rightarrow \infty $$

ϵ

R
t

→
∞

for some $$ t<2 $$

t
<
2

.
A multifactorial model of intrinsic / environmental motivators, personal traits and their combined influences on math performance in elementary school
Authors: Christodoulou Antonios , Tsagkaridis Konstantinos , Malegiannaki Amaryllis-Chryssi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractNumerous studies have explored the important role of achievement goals, as well as factors such as interest and self-efficacy, for academic performance of students of various ages. Such studies usually focus on the influence of one or two of these factors that are known to be associated with performance. At the same time, achievement goals themselves are influenced by environmental factors such as the influence of “significant others” (parents, teachers) or the overall socio-cultural context. In the present study, we expand the framework of achievement goal theory by building a holistic multifactorial path analysis model of direct and indirect influences, where achievement goals and personality traits such as self-efficacy and interest exert a combined influence on performance, but also receive influence from environmental factors.To achieve this goal, we collected data from 762 5th and 6th grade students, who attended 22 public primary schools in Cyprus. Data was collected with reliable and valid self-report scales such as the Achievement Goal Questionnaire (AGQ-R) and the Patterns of Adaptive Learning Scales (PALS), as well as a battery for Mathematical performance created by the researchers.Our results indicate a robust model that effectively captures the complex grid of associations between these factors of interest. Among other findings, self-efficacy and interest were found to mediate the relation between students’ mastery goals and performance. In sum, this research underscores the profound significance of mastery goals, self-efficacy and interest in Mathematical performance.
LTF as a Potential Prognostic and Immunological Biomarker in Glioblastoma
Authors: Qiu Kai , Ding Daling , Zhang Fengjiang , Yang Bo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe lactoferrin (LTF) gene behaves like a tumor suppressor gene in diverse tumors, such as renal cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma and gastric cancer. However, the prognostic value of LTF expression in patients with glioblastoma remains unclear. In this study, the expression levels of LTF in patients with GBM were investigated in TCGA, GEPIA, CGGA and GEO database, and a survival analysis of LTF based on TCGA and CGGA was performed. Furthermore, the present study demonstrated the LTF gene co-expression, PPI network, KEGG/GO enrichment and immune cell infiltration analysis on TCGA and TIMER2.0 database. We found that LTF expression was significantly upregulated in GBM samples compared with normal samples and other glioma samples, and Kaplan–Meier analysis demonstrated that the overexpression of LTF were significantly associated with worse overall survival (OS) and 5-year OS in GBM patients (P < 0.05). KEGG/GO enrichment analysis demonstrated that functions of LTF concentrated in immune and inflammatory response and peptidase regulation (P < 0.05). Immune cell infiltration analysis presented that high LTF expression exhibited dysregulated immune infiltration (i.e., CD4 + T cells, neutrophils, macrophages, myeloid dendritic cells and cancer associated fibroblast). LTF was upregulated in tumors and correlated with worse OS in GBM patients, and LTF might function as an oncogene via inducing dysregulated immune infiltration in GBM.
The nature of the Laplace resonance between the Galilean moons
Authors: Lari Giacomo , Saillenfest Melaine 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe Laplace resonance is a mean-motion resonance that involves the three inner Galilean moons of Jupiter. However, its true nature is in part unclear; in particular, different views can be found in the literature on whether the Laplace resonance is a pure three-body resonance or a mere superposition of two-body resonances. To settle this question, we conduct a thorough analysis of the many resonances involved, starting from the two-body 2:1 commensurabilities of the couples Io–Europa and Europa–Ganymede, and ending with the three-body 4:2:1 commensurability between the three moons. By artificially varying the parameters of the system and monitoring its fundamental frequencies, we cartography all resonances involved and their interactions. From the analysis of the individual 2:1 commensurabilities, we find that despite the oscillation of the resonant angles they are not genuine resonances, as the trajectory of the system in the phase space is not enclosed by separatrices. On the contrary, as suggested by previous works, we show that the only current true mean-motion resonance is the pure three-body resonance between all three satellites. Moreover, we find that the current values of the moons’ orbital elements make the Laplace resonance sufficiently separated from the individual two-body 2:1 resonances, preventing chaotic effects from appearing.
Unsupervised feature based algorithms for time series extrinsic regression
Authors: Guijo-Rubio David , Middlehurst Matthew , Arcencio Guilherme , Silva Diego Furtado , Bagnall Anthony 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTime Series Extrinsic Regression (TSER) involves using a set of training time series to form a predictive model of a continuous response variable that is not directly related to the regressor series. The TSER archive for comparing algorithms was released in 2022 with 19 problems. We increase the size of this archive to 63 problems and reproduce the previous comparison of baseline algorithms. We then extend the comparison to include a wider range of standard regressors and the latest versions of TSER models used in the previous study. We show that none of the previously evaluated regressors can outperform a regression adaptation of a standard classifier, rotation forest. We introduce two new TSER algorithms developed from related work in time series classification. FreshPRINCE is a pipeline estimator consisting of a transform into a wide range of summary features followed by a rotation forest regressor. DrCIF is a tree ensemble that creates features from summary statistics over random intervals. Our study demonstrates that both algorithms, along with InceptionTime, exhibit significantly better performance compared to the other 18 regressors tested. More importantly, DrCIF is the only one that significantly outperforms a standard rotation forest regressor.
No lasting effects of a severe drought event on plant community composition in experimental grassland
Authors: Damgaard Christian , Strandberg Beate , Ehlers Bodil , Hansen Rikke Reisner , Strandberg Morten Tune 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe effect of severe drought in the summer 2018 on the plant community composition and overall diversity was investigated in a replicated long-term grassland experiment where nitrogen availability was manipulated. The possible plant community response to the drought and the possible role of selected plant traits were investigated using model-based ordination techniques, which were tailored to the sampled pin-point cover data. Contrary to our prior expectation, that the severe drought had lasting effects on the plant community, we could not detect any significant effects of the severe drought on the plant community composition or Hill–Shannon diversity the following year and 3 years later. Furthermore, we did not detect any significant mediating effect of nitrogen on the possible effects of severe drought. The possible reasons for the observed high resistance of the grassland community to the severe drought event are discussed. Lasting effects of drought on plant communities cannot be predicted from observations during or immediately after the drought.
Heterogeneous nucleation of polyethylene crystals on binary hexagonal nanoplatelets
Authors: Volchko Nathan W. , Rutledge Gregory C. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCrystal nucleating agents offer an effective strategy for controlling the morphology, dimensional stability and rate of solidification of polymers during processing. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation can shed light on nucleation behavior at the nanoscopic length and time scales over which nucleation occurs. In this work, crystal nucleation of a polyethylene oligomer, n-pentacontane, on three graphene-like substrates, hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), and tungsten disulfide (WS2), was simulated, and the thermodynamic efficiencies of these substrates as nucleating agents were determined. Experimental measurements of heterogeneous nucleation of a high-density polyethylene on nanoparticles of these three graphene-like materials were performed using the method of dispersed microdroplets in an immiscible polystyrene matrix. Qualitative agreement between simulations and experiments was observed for trends in nucleation rate, J, and interfacial free energy difference, Δσ, with $$J_{\text{hBN}} > J_{\text{MoS}_{2}} > J_{\text{WS}_{2}}$$

J
hBN

>

J

MoS
2

>

J

WS
2

. The simulations are then used to gain additional insight into the mechanisms of nucleation. Epitaxy is confirmed in all systems, with small mismatches in lattice spacing being accommodated by strain in the oligomer crystal. However, epitaxy alone is insufficient to explain the observed trends. The strength of interaction between the nucleating agent and the polyethylene oligomer is found to be the strongest predictor of nucleating agent efficiency. The strength of interaction is in turn related to the density of interaction sites at the interface: hBN has the highest density, and thus the fastest nucleation rate.
Microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-Nb alloys: comparing conventional powder metallurgy, mechanical alloying, and high power impulse magnetron sputtering processes for supporting materials screening
Authors: Marczewski M. , Wieczerzak K. , Maeder X. , Lapeyre L. , Hain C. , Jurczyk M. , Nelis T. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAt the interface of thin film development and powder metallurgy technologies, this study aims to characterise the mechanical properties, lattice constants and phase formation of Ti-Nb alloys (8–30 at.%) produced by different manufacturing methods, including conventional powder metallurgy (PM), mechanical alloying (MA) and high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS). A central aspect of this research was to investigate the different energy states achievable by each synthesis method. The findings revealed that as the Nb content increased, both the hardness and Young’s modulus of the PM samples decreased (from 4 to 1.5 and 125 to 85 GPa, respectively). For the MA alloys, the hardness and Young’s modulus varied between 3.2 and 3.9 and 100 to 116 GPa, respectively, with the lowest values recorded for 20% Nb (3.2 and 96 GPa). The Young’s modulus of the HiPIMS thin film samples did not follow a specific trend and varied between 110 and 138 GPa. However, an increase in hardness (from 3.6 to 4.8 GPa) coincided with an increase in the β2 phase contribution for films with the same chemical composition (23 at.% of Nb). This study highlights the potential of using HiPIMS gradient films for high throughput analysis for PM and MA techniques. This discovery is important as it provides a way to reduce the development time for complex alloy systems in biomaterials as well as other areas of materials engineering.
Graphical abstract
Phase development of lime-based plasters blended with waste calcined shale
Authors: Koňáková Dana , Pommer Vojtěch , Šádková Kateřina , Krejsová Jitka , Černý Robert , Maděra Jiří , Vejmelková Eva 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRestoration of historical buildings requires an application of suitable and convenient materials which are compatible with historical legacy. On the other hand, the used materials have to show adequate durability and fulfil current tendencies of environmental-friendliness policy. Most historical buildings have their facades made of lime-based, or more precisely, blended-lime-based plasters. Metakaolin belongs to one of the most common representatives of pozzolanic admixtures used in this field. It is an artificial product, which arises by the calcination of kaolinitic clay or claystone at temperatures of about 550–900 °C. Like every other production process, a remarkable amount of waste rises also in the case of metakaolin. This study is aimed at the utilization of this waste, specifically the waste calcined shale (WCS). It is composed of not properly burned particles with varying compositions. Contrary to metakaolin, it contains a lower amount of amorphous phase and a higher amount of kaolinite and mullite. WCS was used in the production of lime-based plasters with a dosage of up to 50%. During the hardening, the carbonation process takes place in combination with the pozzolanic reactions. It gives rise to a higher amount of amorphous structures, about 15% in the case of pure lime contrary to up to 45% (in the highest dosage of WCS) and other crystal phases such as calcium-aluminate-carbonate hydrates. Obtained phase analyses are supported by the determination of SEM analysis and mechanical properties, which are also measured depending on time.