bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Controlling house fly populations under laboratory conditions: Hydrotaea aenescens larvae as effective predator
Authors: Cavalheiro Caroline da Silva , Morales Diuliani Fonseca , Madeira Bruno , Rodrigues Gratchela Dutra , Ribeiro Paulo Bretanha , Krüger Rodrigo Ferreira 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLarvae of Hydrotaea are facultative predators of larvae of flies commonly found in poultry farms, chicken and pig waste, and decaying carcasses. One species, the black dump fly, Hydrotaea aenescens (Wiedemann, 1830), coexists with the housefly Musca domestica (Linnaeus, 1758) in these environments and has been employed in the biological control of the housefly in the USA and Germany. To assess the predatory efficacy of H. aenescens larvae on M. domestica larvae, we conducted controlled laboratory experiments in which we selected larvae of different sizes of the larvae and the densities of both predator and prey. We set up the experiment using adult flies from a poultry farm and reared the larvae they produced in our laboratory. Our findings indicate that second‐ and third‐instar H. aenescens larvae effectively suppressed populations of housefly larvae under laboratory conditions, especially when the latter was smaller or the same size as the former. Under these ideal experimental conditions, a single H. aenescens larva consumed up to 29 larvae of M. domestica, potentially leading to a complete eradication of the housefly population at predator–prey density levels of 1:1 and 1:4, but only when considering both the natural mortality rate of M. domestica larvae and the additional mortality caused by H. aenescens larvae. These results corroborate a pattern previously observed in other predatory larvae and have important implications for biological control and integrated pest management programs targeting M. domestica in poultry and swine farms across South America.
A retrospective cohort study of prescription drug use among youth with intellectual/developmental disabilities in British Columbia
Authors: Marquis S. , Marquis N. E. , Lunsky Y. , McGrail K. M. , Baumbusch J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundPeople with intellectual/developmental disabilities (IDD) are known to have high rates of prescription drug use, particularly for psychotropic medications. This is of concern due to the many side effects associated with these medications and because of the risks of polypharmacy. In this paper we compare the most commonly dispensed drugs and all psychotropic medications for youth with IDD compared with youth without IDD.MethodsUsing population‐level administrative health data over a 10‐year period, this study examined medications dispensed to youth with an IDD aged 15–24 years compared with youth without an IDD. The most common medications dispensed and the number of youth they were dispensed to were determined. As well a wide variety of psychotropic medications were examined.ResultsThere were a total of 20 591 youth with IDD and 1 293 791 youth without IDD identified. Youth with IDD had higher odds of being dispensed pain medications, amoxicillin, salbutamol, levothyroxine and all the psychotropic medications (antidepressants, antipsychotics, anxiolytics, anti‐adrenergic agents, mood stabilisers and stimulants). For youth with IDD, 6558 (31.85%) were dispensed two or more different psychotropic medications within a year, compared with 75 963 (5.87%) of youth without IDD.DiscussionCompared to youth without IDD, youth with IDD had significantly higher odds of being dispensed most of the prescription medications studied, including all of the psychotropic medications. They were also twice as likely to be dispensed two or more medications from different classes of psychotropic drugs within the same year. These findings have important implications for the health of people with IDD and for their health care providers.
The Global Transmission of Real Economic Uncertainty
Authors: LONDONO JUAN M. , MA SAI , WILSON BETH ANNE 
Published: May 2024

AbstractUsing a sample of 39 countries representing 88% of global GDP, we find that real economic uncertainty (REU) has negative long‐lasting domestic economic effects and transmits across countries. The international spillover effects of REU are both statistically significant and economically meaningful, and trade ties play a key role in explaining its transmission across countries. Innovations to the foreign component of global REU can contribute up to 16% of the future variation in domestic industrial production. This effect is disproportionately larger on its manufacturing component, which contributes the most to the tradable goods sector, than on its retail sales component.
Moral Constraints, Social Norm Enforcement, and Strategic Default in Weak and Strong Economic Conditions
Authors: BROWN MARTIN , SCHMITZ JAN , ZEHNDER CHRISTIAN 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe study the behavioral mechanisms which contribute to increased strategic defaults during an economic crisis. In our laboratory experiment, subjects can default on an outstanding loan, but moral constraints and social norm enforcement may provide incentives to repay. We exogenously vary the state of the economy: In the weak economy, more borrowers are forced to default than in the strong. We identify two main effects of weak economic conditions: First, moral constraints are softened: Solvent debtors default more often. Second, under informational uncertainty about the reason for default, social norm enforcement is undermined: Peers are more reluctant to sanction defaulters.
Tumor budding is an optimal indictor of occult cervical metastasis in clinical early‐stage buccal mucosa squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Zheng Zhi , Yang Huan‐Xing , Fang Yi‐Hong , Wang Jin , Fu Shi‐Wei , Ouyang Qi‐Ming 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundBuccal mucosa squamous cell carcinoma (BMSCC) is an aggressive disease. This study investigated the clinicopathological significance of tumor budding (TB), depth of invasion (DOI), and mode of invasion (MOI) on occult cervical metastasis (CM) of BMSCC.MethodsSeventy‐one cT1–2N0 BMSCC patients were included in this retrospective study. TB, DOI, MOI, and other clinicopathological features were reviewed. Risk factors for occult CM, locoregional recurrence‐free survival (LRRFS), and overall survival (OS) were analyzed using logistic regression and Cox's proportional hazard models, respectively.ResultsMultivariate analysis with the logistic regression model revealed that MOI, DOI, and TB were significantly associated with occult CM in early‐stage BMSCC after adjusting for variates. However, multivariate analysis with the Cox's proportional hazard model found only TB to be a prognostic factor for LRRFS (hazard ratio 15.03, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.94–116.66; p = 0.01; trend test p = 0.03). No significant association was found between MOI, DOI, or TB and OS.ConclusionsThe optimal predictor of occult CM and prognosis of early‐stage BMSCC is TB, which may assist clinicians in identifying patients at high risk of cervical metastasis.
Do milk proteins relieve capsaicin‐induced burning sensation in the oral cavity?
Authors: Gøkhan Muhammed Alparslan , Sørensen Esben Skipper , Baad‐Hansen Lene 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMilk has a soothing effect on the capsaicin‐induced burning sensation in the mouth. This double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled, cross‐over study aimed to investigate if milk proteins could relieve the capsaicin‐induced burning sensation. During each session, the tongue of each participant was exposed to capsaicin twice for 8 min in total. Subsequently, the participants rinsed the mouth with one of three solutions: 5% casein, 5% whey protein, or water. The participants rated the perceived unpleasantness and burning sensation during capsaicin exposure and after rinsing on numerical rating scales. Thermographic imaging and semi‐quantitative sensory testing were performed at baseline, after capsaicin exposure, and after rinsing. No significant differences were observed between sessions in any of the measured parameters (p ≥ .053). Scores for unpleasantness and burning sensation varied over time (p ≤ .006). Heat and mechanical sensitivity changed over time (p < .001). In conclusion, rinsing with milk protein solutions did not have any robust effect in this study design.Practical ApplicationsIt has been suggested that milk proteins could be responsible for the soothing effect milk has on the capsaicin‐induced burning sensation in the mouth. The present results indicate that milk proteins are not solely responsible for this effect. Shedding light on the effects milk and its constituents have on the oral mucosa during a state of burning sensation or pain is of importance. This can help determining if specific constituents of milk could be used to relieve meal‐related burning sensations as well as illness‐related acute or chronic pain in the oral mucosa.
Nasal high flow therapy for bronchiolitis
Authors: Franklin Donna , Miller Letitia , Pham Trang MT , Frampton Chris , Moloney Susan , Waugh John , Fairless Samantha , Hobbins Sue , Grew Simon , George Shane , Fahy Rose , Morel Douglas , Schibler Andreas 
Published: May 2024

AimUptake of nasal high‐flow therapy in infants with bronchiolitis has grown in the last decade with some evidence suggesting a reduction in escalation of care. The effect of the implementation of recent available evidence on clinical practice remains unclear.MethodsIn a prospective observational study over 6 months in six metropolitan hospitals in Australia, we investigated the clinical practice of high‐flow in infants admitted with bronchiolitis and an oxygen requirement. To assess the choice by clinicians of the initial oxygen therapy (standard oxygen or high‐flow) the disease severity was measured by physiological parameters obtained prior to oxygen therapy commencement. Additional secondary outcomes were hospital length of stay and transfers to intensive care.ResultsTwo hundred thirty‐five infants with bronchiolitis were admitted for oxygen therapy over 6 months during the winter season. Infants who received high‐flow on admission to hospital displayed significantly higher respiratory rates, higher heart rates and higher early warning tool scores with more severe work of breathing than those commenced on standard oxygen therapy as a first line of oxygen therapy. A significantly longer hospital length of stay of 0.6 days occurred in infants commenced on high‐flow. A significantly greater proportion on high‐flow (23.3%) were admitted to intensive care compared to infants commenced on SOT (10.4%) despite the severity of disease in both groups being similar.ConclusionsInfants with bronchiolitis presenting with greater disease severity are more likely to receive high‐flow therapy. Escalation of care in an intensive care unit occurred more frequently on infants on high‐flow.Trial RegistrationThis trial is registered in the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry ACTRN12618001206213.
Family based social capital of adults with mild intellectual disabilities supported in 24‐hour residential settings compared to outreach settings
Authors: Giesbers Sanne A. H. , Tournier Tess , Hendriks Alexander H. C. , van Loon Kathleen , Quinet Vicky , Hastings Richard P. , Jahoda Andrew , Embregts Petri J. C. M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTo enhance social inclusion of people with (mild) intellectual disabilities, policy tends to focus on increasing their informal supportive networks. Family members, mostly parents, are often the main providers of informal support to people with mild intellectual disabilities. Previous research has shown the utility of social capital as a theoretical framework to examine support in the family relationships of people with mild intellectual disabilities, and has shown that several features of the family‐based social capital of people with mild intellectual disabilities are dependent on support and living arrangements. However, existing research on support and living arrangements does not take the key features of family‐based social capital (i.e., bonding and bridging social capital, reciprocity) into account. Therefore, the aim of the current study is to examine the family‐based social capital of people with mild intellectual disabilities supported in 24‐h residential settings (n = 29) versus outreach support settings (n = 45). All participants were individually interviewed about their family support relationships using the Family Network Method‐Intellectual Disability (FNM‐ID). Data were analyzed quantitatively using social network analyses and group comparisons. No significant differences between the two subgroups were found in the social network measures: the two subgroups did not differ in their experience of bonding and bridging social capital, nor in terms of the experienced reciprocity in their family relationships. However, a few differences in the composition of the family network were found. While people with mild intellectual disabilities in outreach support settings were more likely to include children in their significant family network and to provide support to parents, participants in 24‐h care settings were more likely to report extended family as significant family network members.
Relationship between oral microbiota and colorectal cancer: A systematic review
Authors: Camañes‐Gonzalvo Sara , Montiel‐Company José María , Lobo‐de‐Mena Miriam , Safont‐Aguilera María José , Fernández‐Diaz Amaya , López‐Roldán Andrés , Paredes‐Gallardo Vanessa , Bellot‐Arcís Carlos 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis systematic review aims to investigate the microbial basis underlying the association between oral microbiota and colorectal cancer. A comprehensive search was conducted across four databases, encompassing potentially relevant studies published up to April 2024 related to the PECO question: “Is there a differentiation in oral microbial composition between adult patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer compared to healthy patients?”. The Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale was used to evaluate the quality of the studies included. The level of evidence was assessed through the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation) tool. Sixteen studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria. Based on low to moderate evidence profile, high levels of certain subspecies within Firmicutes (such as Streptococcus anginosus, Peptostreptococcus stomatis, S. koreensis, and S. gallolyticus), Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Neisseria oralis were found to be associated with colorectal cancer. Conversely, certain bacteria (e.g., Lachnospiraceae, F. periodonticum, and P. melaninogenica) could exert a symbiotic protective effect against colorectal cancer. Based on existing evidence, it appears that variations in oral microbiota composition exist among individuals with and without colorectal cancer. However, further research is necessary to determine the mechanisms of oral dysbiosis in colorectal carcinogenesis.
Platelet hyperresponsiveness and increased platelet‐neutrophil aggregates in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease and pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Duler Laetitia , Visser Lance , Nguyen Nghi , Johnson Lynelle R. , Stern Joshua A. , Li Ronald H. L. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundPulmonary hypertension (PH) in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) is caused by increased pulmonary venous pressure. Thrombosis, vascular remodeling, and vasoconstriction mediated by platelets could exacerbate PH.HypothesisDogs with PH will exhibit a hypercoagulable state, characterized by increased platelet activation, platelet‐leukocyte, and platelet‐neutrophil aggregate formation.AnimalsEleven dogs (≥3.5 kg) diagnosed with MMVD and PH and 10 dogs with MMVD lacking PH.MethodsProspective cohort ex vivo study. All dogs underwent echocardiographic examination, CBC, 3‐view thoracic radiographs, and heartworm antigen testing. Severity of PH and MMVD were assessed by echocardiography. Viscoelastic monitoring of coagulation was assessed using thromboelastography (TEG). Platelet activation and platelet‐leukocyte/platelet‐neutrophil interactions were assessed using flow cytometry. Plasma serotonin concentrations were measured by ELISA.ResultsUnstimulated platelets from dogs with MMVD and PH expressed more surface P‐selectin than MMVD controls (P = .03). Platelets from dogs with MMVD and PH had persistent activation in response to agonists. The number of platelet‐leukocyte aggregates was higher in dogs with MMVD and PH compared with MMVD controls (P = .01). Ex vivo stimulation of whole blood resulted in higher numbers of platelet‐neutrophil aggregates in dogs with MMVD and PH (P = .01). Assessment of hypercoagulability based on TEG or plasma serotonin concentrations did not differ between groups.Conclusion and Clinical ImportancePlatelet hyperresponsiveness and increased platelet‐neutrophil interaction occur in dogs with MMVD and PH, suggesting that platelets play a role of in the pathogenesis of PH. Clinical benefits of antiplatelet drugs in dogs with MMVD and PH require further investigation.
Transient vegetation dynamics in a tropical coastal wetland: Sea‐level rise, glycophyte retreat, and incipient loss in plant diversity
Authors: Ross Michael S. , Stoffella Susana L. , Ruiz Pablo L. , Subedi Suresh C. , Meeder John F. , Sah Jay P. , Vidales Rosario , Minchin Peter R. , Scinto Leonard J. , Zhang Keqi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAim and QuestionsSea‐level rise has been responsible for extensive vegetation changes in coastal areas worldwide. The intent of our study was to analyze vegetation dynamics of a South Florida coastal watershed within an explicit spatiotemporal framework that might aid in projecting the landscape's future response to restoration efforts. We also asked whether recent transgression by mangroves and other halophytes has resulted in reduced plant diversity at local or subregional scales.LocationFlorida’'s Southeast Saline Everglades, USA.MethodsWe selected 26 locations, representing a transition zone between sawgrass marsh and mangrove swamp, that was last sampled floristically in 1995. Within this transition zone, leading‐ and trailing‐edge subzones were defined based on plant composition in 1995. Fifty‐two site × time combinations were classified and then ordinated to examine vegetation–environment relationships using 2016 environmental data. We calculated alpha‐diversity using Hill numbers or Shannon–Weiner index species equivalents and compared these across the two surveys. We used a multiplicative diversity partition to determine beta‐diversity from landscape‐scale (gamma) diversity in the entire dataset or in each subzone.ResultsMangrove and mangrove associates became more important in both subzones: through colonization and establishment in the leading edge, and through population growth combined with the decline of freshwater species in the trailing edge. Alpha‐diversity increased significantly in the leading edge and decreased nominally in the trailing edge, while beta‐diversity declined slightly in both subzones as well as across the study area.ConclusionsRecent halophyte encroachment in the Southeast Saline Everglades continues a trend evident for almost a century. While salinity is an important environmental driver, species’ responses suggest that restoration efforts based on supplementing freshwater delivery will not reverse a trend that depends on multiple interacting factors. Sea‐level‐rise‐driven taxonomic homogenization in coastal wetland communities develops slowly, lagging niche‐based changes in community structure and composition.
Inflammatory bowel disease and allergic diseases: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Li Jiawei , Wang Lijun , Ma Yuqi , Liu Yuan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and allergic diseases possess similar genetic backgrounds and pathogenesis. Observational studies have shown a correlation, but the exact direction of cause and effect remains unclear. The aim of this Mendelian randomization (MR) study is to assess bidirectional causality between inflammatory bowel disease and allergic diseases.MethodWe comprehensively analyzed the causal relationship between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC) and allergic disease (asthma, Hay fever, and eczema) as a whole, allergic conjunctivitis (AC), atopic dermatitis (AD), allergic asthma (AAS), and allergic rhinitis (AR) by performing a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study using summary‐level data from genome‐wide association studies. The analysis results mainly came from the random‐effects model of inverse variance weighted (IVW‐RE). In addition, multivariate Mendelian randomization (MVMR) analysis was conducted to adjust the effect of body mass index (BMI) on the instrumental variables.ResultsThe IVW‐RE method revealed that IBD genetically increased the risk of allergic disease as a whole (OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 1.01–1.04, fdr.p = .015), AC (OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.01–1.06, fdr.p = .011), and AD (OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.02–1.09, fdr.p = .004). Subgroup analysis further confirmed that CD increased the risk of allergic disease as a whole (OR = 1.02, 95% CI = 1.00–1.03, fdr.p = .031), AC (OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 1.01–1.05, fdr.p = .012), AD (OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.02–1.09, fdr.p = 2E−05), AAS (OR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.02–1.08, fdr.p = .002) and AR (OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 1.00–1.07, fdr.p = .025), UC increased the risk of AAS (OR = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.98–1.07, fdr.p = .038). MVMR results showed that after taking BMI as secondary exposure, the causal effects of IBD on AC, IBD on AD, CD on allergic disease as a whole, CD on AC, CD on AD, CD on AAS, and CD on AR were still statistically significant. No significant association was observed in the reverse MR analysis.ConclusionThis Mendelian randomized study demonstrated that IBD is a risk factor for allergic diseases, which is largely attributed to its subtype CD increasing the risk of AC, AD, ASS, and AR. Further investigations are needed to explore the causal relationship between allergic diseases and IBD.
The extent of multiallelic, co‐editing of LIGULELESS1 in highly polyploid sugarcane tunes leaf inclination angle and enables selection of the ideotype for biomass yield
Authors: Brant Eleanor J. , Eid Ayman , Kannan Baskaran , Baloglu Mehmet Cengiz , Altpeter Fredy 
Published: May 2024

SummarySugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrid) is a prime feedstock for commercial production of biofuel and table sugar. Optimizing canopy architecture for improved light capture has great potential for elevating biomass yield. LIGULELESS1 (LG1) is involved in leaf ligule and auricle development in grasses. Here, we report CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated co‐mutagenesis of up to 40 copies/alleles of the putative LG1 in highly polyploid sugarcane (2n = 100–120, x = 10–12). Next generation sequencing revealed co‐editing frequencies of 7.4%–100% of the LG1 reads in 16 of the 78 transgenic lines. LG1 mutations resulted in a tuneable leaf angle phenotype that became more upright as co‐editing frequency increased. Three lines with loss of function frequencies of ~12%, ~53% and ~95% of lg1 were selected following a randomized greenhouse trial and grown in replicated, multi‐row field plots. The co‐edited LG1 mutations were stably maintained in vegetative progenies and the extent of co‐editing remained constant in field tested lines L26 and L35. Next generation sequencing confirmed the absence of potential off targets. The leaf inclination angle corresponded to light transmission into the canopy and tiller number. Line L35 displaying loss of function in ~12% of the lg1 NGS reads exhibited an 18% increase in dry biomass yield supported by a 56% decrease in leaf inclination angle, a 31% increase in tiller number, and a 25% increase in internode number. The scalable co‐editing of LG1 in highly polyploid sugarcane allows fine‐tuning of leaf inclination angle, enabling the selection of the ideotype for biomass yield.