bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of cinacalcet for the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease before initiation of regular dialysis
Authors: MONTENEGRO JESÚS , CORNAGO IÑAKI , GALLARDO ISABEL , GARCÍA‐LEDESMA PAULA , HERNANDO AINHOA , MARTINEZ ISABEL , MUÑOZ ROSA I , ROMERO MARCO A 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACT:Aim:  To evaluate the compassionate use of cinacalcet for the management of secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients who are not on dialysis.Methods:  Patients with stage 4–5 chronic kidney disease (CKD) who were not on dialysis, had an intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) level greater than 300 pg/mL, and had not responded satisfactorily to treatment with phosphate binders and vitamin D were prospectively studied. Patients received 6 months of compassionate treatment with cinacalcet, which was initiated at a dose of 30 mg/day orally and flexibly dosed thereafter based on iPTH levels.Results:  Twenty‐six patients with a mean age ± standard deviation (SD) of 58.8 ± 16.1 years were enrolled in the study and included in the statistical analysis. The mean percentage change in iPTH levels from baseline after 6 months of treatment was −67.9 ± 17.0%, with 92.3% (95% confidence interval (CI), 75.9–97.9) of patients showing an iPTH level within the limits recommended by Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (K/DOQI) guidelines. The mean serum calcium concentrations had decreased significantly at the end of the study (−8.0 ± 6.9%), while the mean serum phosphorus concentration had significantly increased (+8.3 ± 17.0%).Conclusion:  Our results suggest that cinacalcet may be a useful alternative for the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism in pre‐dialysis patients who are unresponsive to other treatments. The hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia reported in previous studies may not occur if a moderate dose of calcimimetics is used in patients with marginal glomerular filtration rates, especially if combined with vitamin D analogues and calcium‐based phosphate binders.
Dorsal penile nerve block for male pediatric circumcision – randomized comparison of ultrasound‐guided vs anatomical landmark technique
Authors: O’Sullivan Michael J. , Mislovic Branislav , Alexander Elise 
Published: October 2011

SummaryBackground:  Dorsal penile nerve block (DPNB) is a commonly performed regional anesthetic technique for male circumcision. Traditionally, DPNB is based on an anatomical landmark technique. Recently, an ultrasound‐guided technique for DPNB has been described.Objectives:  The aim of our study was to compare the anatomical landmark technique with this ultrasound‐guided technique. The hypothesis to be tested was that ultrasound guidance of DPNB would lead to less administration of opioid when compared to the anatomical landmark technique.Methods:  Boys of ASA status I/II scheduled for day case circumcision were prospectively recruited and randomized. DPNB was performed under general anesthesia using the anatomical landmark technique or ultrasound guidance. Fentanyl was administered intraoperatively and immediately postoperatively if patients demonstrated signs of pain. Similarly, oral codeine was given prior to discharge if required. The primary outcome measure was the number of patients requiring fentanyl. Secondary outcome measures included initial pain score on emergence from general anesthesia, requirement for codeine predischarge, and time to perform block.Results:  A total of 32 patients were recruited to the landmark group and 34 to the ultrasound group. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of fentanyl administration. The ultrasound technique took longer to perform but was associated with a reduction in codeine requirement prior to discharge.Conclusions:  This study does not support the routine use of ultrasound for the performance of DPNB in male pediatric circumcision. Nonetheless, an associated reduction in codeine administration postoperatively suggests some benefit in terms of postoperative pain.
Is there evidence for the use of art therapy in treatment of psychosomatic disorders, eating disorders and crisis? A comparative study of two different systems for evaluation
Authors: HOLMQVIST GÄRD , PERSSON CRISTINA LUNDQVIST 
Published: October 2011

Holmqvist, G. & Lundqvist Persson, C. (2012). Is there evidence for the use of art therapy in treatment of psychosomatic disorders, eating disorders and crisis? A comparative study of two different systems for evaluation. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology 53, 47–53.As with any type of treatment the requirement for evidence based practice (EBP) has also affected art therapy (AT) when used as an intervention. This review evaluates the available evidence for using AT for psychosomatic disorders, eating disorders and crisis. The search in Cochrane, Best Practice, AMED, CINAHL, PION, PsycINFO and PubMed from 1987 until now resulted in a huge number of articles but only 32 articles met our criteria for evaluations. The articles were assessed with two evaluation systems, the GRADE system used by the Swedish Council on Health Technology Assessment (SBU) and the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF/Task Force). When comparing the results we found that the GRADE evaluation system rejected the quality in 84% of the 32 studies and the USPSTF/Task Force 41% of these studies. An evidence base for AT was found only according to the criteria of USPSTF/Task Force. Hence, the evidence concept is not explicit, which means that effective treatments run a risk of not being implemented in health care. We suggest a broader view of what constitutes evidence in order to make it possible to include different types of research designs and methods.
Executive function deficits in preschool children with ADHD and DBD
Authors: Schoemaker Kim , Bunte Tessa , Wiebe Sandra A. , Espy Kimberly Andrews , Deković Maja , Matthys Walter 
Published: October 2011

Background:  Impairments in executive functions (EF) are consistently associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and to a lesser extent, with disruptive behavior disorder (DBD), that is, oppositional defiant disorder or conduct disorder, in school‐aged children. Recently, larger numbers of children with these disorders are diagnosed earlier in development, yet knowledge about impairments in clinically diagnosed preschool children and the role of comorbidity is limited. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to examine EF in clinically referred preschool children with a clinical diagnosis of ADHD, DBD and ADHD + DBD.Method:  Participants were 202 children aged 3.5–5.5 years, 61 with ADHD only, 33 with DBD only, 52 with comorbid ADHD + DBD and 56 typically developing children. Five EF tasks were administered.Results:  Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the two‐factor model (inhibition and working memory) fit the data better than a one‐factor model in this clinical sample. Preschoolers with ADHD displayed inhibition deficits, also after controlling for IQ. Likewise, preschoolers with DBD displayed impaired inhibition, but when IQ was controlled differences were carried mostly by the effect on the task where motivational demands were high (i.e. when tangible rewards were used). This pattern was also found in the interaction between ADHD and DBD; impaired inhibition in the comorbid group, however, was more severe than in the DBD group. Regarding working memory, few group differences were found.Conclusions:  Clinically diagnosed preschool children with ADHD showed robust inhibition deficits, whereas preschool children with DBD showed impaired inhibition especially where motivational incentives were prominent. Severity of inhibition impairment in the comorbid group was similar to the ADHD group.
Longitudinal study of neurological soft signs in first‐episode early‐onset psychosis
Authors: Mayoral M. , Bombín I. , Castro‐Fornieles J. , González‐Pinto A. , Otero S. , Parellada M. , Moreno D. , Baeza I. , Graell M. , Rapado M. , Arango C. 
Published: October 2011

Background:  In recent decades, the assessment of neurological soft signs (NSS) in patients with psychosis has become a subject of special interest. The study of the progression of NSS during adolescence will provide valuable information about the role of NSS as endophenotypes or biomarkers and about brain development at a stage in which brain maturation has not yet been completed.Methods:  Neurological soft signs were assessed in a sample of 110 first episodes of early‐onset psychosis (EOP) and 98 healthy children and adolescents at two different times in a 2‐year follow‐up period.Results:  Patients with EOP showed more NSS than controls both at baseline (p < .001) and the 2‐year follow‐up (p < .001). No differences were found in the number of signs among the different diagnostic subgroups (schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and other psychoses). When we examined the changes in NSS over the follow‐up, the reduction of NSS in the patients was greater than the controls for ‘Motor coordination’ (p = .032), ‘Others’ (p < .001), and ‘Total score’ (p < .001) of the NES.Conclusion:  Despite the greater reduction of NSS in patients than in controls along the follow‐up, patients still have more neurological signs than healthy controls; therefore, these signs may be considered a trait marker. NSS do not seem to be specific to schizophrenia as they are present in different EOPs.
Seroprevalence of xenotropic murine leukemia virus–related virus in normal and retrovirus‐infected blood donors
Authors: Qiu Xiaoxing , Swanson Priscilla , Tang Ning , Leckie Gregor W. , Devare Sushil G. , Schochetman Gerald , Hackett Jr John 
Published: October 2011

BACKGROUND: Xenotropic murine leukemia virus–related virus (XMRV) has been reported in patients with prostate cancer and chronic fatigue syndrome. Although results have been conflicting, the potential of XMRV as an infectious human retrovirus has raised concerns about transfusion safety. To address this issue, normal and retrovirus‐infected blood donors were screened for evidence of XMRV infection.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Plasma from 1000 US, 100 human immunodeficiency virus Type 1–infected Cameroonian, and 642 human T‐lymphotropic virus Type I (HTLV‐I)‐infected or uninfected Japanese blood donors as well as 311 sexually transmitted disease diagnostic specimens were screened for antibodies to XMRV gp70 and p15E using chemiluminescent immunoassays (CMIAs). CMIA‐reactive samples were evaluated by p30 CMIA, Western blot, and real‐time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction.RESULTS: XMRV seroreactivity was low (0%‐0.6%) with the exception of the HTLV‐I–infected donors (4.9%). Antibody was detected against only a single XMRV protein (p15E or gp70); none of the seroreactive samples had detectable XMRV pol or env sequences. The elevated seroreactivity in HTLV‐I–infected donors was due to an increased p15E seroreactive rate (4.1%). Inspection of XMRV and HTLV sequences revealed a high level of conservation within the immunodominant region (IDR) of the transmembrane protein. In some cases, HTLV IDR peptide competitively reduced the XMRV p15E signal.CONCLUSIONS: Based on the low prevalence of seroreactivity, detection of antibody to only a single XMRV protein and the absence of XMRV sequences, this study finds no compelling evidence of XMRV in normal or retrovirus‐infected blood donors. The increased p15E seroreactivity observed in HTLV infection is likely due to cross‐reactive antibodies.
Frequency and specificity of the Trima Accel “verify WBCs” advisory: considerations for product management
Authors: Galel Susan A. , Gaitan Juliana , Yu Darlene T. , Tolentino Lorna , Webster Jan , Sugasawara Elaine , Wilson Jo Ann , Boone Cynthia , Lendio Patricia 
Published: October 2011

BACKGROUND: The Trima Accel displays a “verify WBCs” message if the plateletpheresis product (PLT) may not be leukoreduced (LR). Most blood banks require sensitive white blood cell (WBC) testing of these PLTs by flow or Nageotte. We evaluated how often these PLTs were non‐LR by European or US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) criteria and whether sensitive WBC testing is necessary.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Phase 1 reviewed the frequency of this message with various procedure types and the flow WBC results for PLTs with or without the message. Phase 2 assessed how many FDA LR failures were detectable by a hematology analyzer. In Phase 3, PLTs were managed by hematology analyzer results.RESULTS: In Phase 1, 3.8% of PLT‐only and 11.1% of PLT‐plasma collections had the “verify WBCs” message. Only 1% of “verify” PLTs contained more than 1 × 106 WBCs and only 0.5% were FDA LR failures. In Phase 2, 10 of 670 “verify” PLTs and one nonflagged PLT were FDA LR failures. Six of 11 LR failures had hematology analyzer WBC concentrations of 0.4 × 109/L or higher. In Phase 3, “verify” PLTs were allowed in inventory if hematology analyzer WBC concentration was below 0.4 × 109/L; inventory quality control showed no FDA LR failures by flow. Trima Version 6.0 software lowered the “verify” message frequency in PLT‐plasma procedures but not in PLT‐only procedures.CONCLUSION: Four percent of Trima PLT collections have the “verify WBCs” message but almost all of these are LR by European and FDA criteria. Fifty percent of FDA LR failures were detectable by a hematology analyzer. Sensitive WBC testing of all “verify WBCs” PLTs may not be necessary to satisfy LR quality assurance requirements.
Allogeneic mesenchymal stem cell therapy for refractory cytopenias after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Sánchez‐Guijo Fermin M. , López‐Villar Olga , López‐Anglada Lucía , Villarón Eva M. , Muntión Sandra , Díez‐Campelo María , Perez‐Simón Jose A. , San Miguel Jesús F. , Caballero Dolores , del Cañizo Maria‐Consuelo 
Published: October 2011

BACKGROUND: Posttransplant cytopenias are a severe complication after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo‐SCT) and their origin is often multifactorial or unknown. They are frequently refractory to standard therapy, which may include steroids and/or immunoglobulins. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an attractive therapeutic tool in the allo‐SCT setting for the ability to enhance engraftment as well as acting as immunosuppressants for graft‐versus‐host disease. There is no prior experience in the literature of the use of MSCs to treat cytopenias after allo‐SCT.CASE REPORTS: In this work we report for the first time four cases of refractory posttransplant cytopenias (three patients with thrombocytopenia and one with neutropenia) that were treated with MSCs from a third‐party donor. MSCs were expanded from 100 mL of marrow obtained under standard good manufacturing practice conditions. Most patients received more than one cell dose, and median dose of MSCs administered was 1 × 106/kg.RESULTS: All patients recovered normal blood counts, with a mean follow‐up of 12.5 months. There were no adverse events related to MSC administration.CONCLUSION: MSC therapy may contribute to the recovery of refractory posttransplant peripheral cytopenias in patients undergoing allo‐SCT.
Significance of decreased apoptosis, role of Bid expression and Bcl‐Xl/Bid ratio in human jejunal stromal tumors
Authors: GAO CHUN , GUO WEN‐JUAN , WANG AI‐YING 
Published: October 2011

Gao C, Guo W‐J, Wang A‐Y. Significance of decreased apoptosis, role of Bid expression and Bcl‐Xl/Bid ratio in human jejunal stromal tumors. APMIS 2012; 120: 171–81.Given that the studies on human small intestinal stromal tumors are very limited, our study was designed to determine the significance of apoptosis, the role of some apoptosis‐related proteins, including Bax, Bad, Bid, Bcl‐2, Bcl‐Xl, and Bcl‐W, in jejunal stromal tumors (JST). For this purpose, 52 samples were examined by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‐mediated dUTP nick end labeling and immunohistochemistry, including 40 cases from normal jejunum and 12 cases from the JST. The results showed that a significantly decreased apoptosis was observed in JST compared with normal jejunum (median of apoptotic index, 0.13% vs 15.17%, p < 0.001). In univariate analysis, statistically significant differences were shown in percentage of positive‐expression of Bid (0.0% vs 77.5%, p < 0.001), Bcl‐2 (91.7% vs 42.5%, p = 0.003), and Bcl‐Xl (75.0% vs 35.0%, p = 0.014), but not in Bax, Bad, and Bcl‐W. Moreover, Bcl‐Xl was an independent parameter associated with JST by multivariate Logistic analysis. For the role of ratios of anti‐apoptotic proteins to pro‐apoptotic proteins, Bcl‐Xl/Bid ratio was the most preferable index. In conclusion, decreased apoptosis and expression of Bid, increased level of Bcl‐Xl may play some important roles in human JST, and Bcl‐Xl/Bid ratio may be as a new potentially associated index, although they should be validated in more studies.
Oral hygiene, periodontal health and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations
Authors: Liu Zhiqiang , Zhang Wei , Zhang Jing , Zhou Xuan , Zhang Liangqiong , Song Yiqing , Wang Zuomin 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAimTo assess the associations of oral hygiene and periodontal health with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations.Material and MethodsIn total, 392 COPD patients were divided into frequent and infrequent exacerbation (≥2 times and <2 times in last 12 months) groups. Their lung function and periodontal status were examined. Information on oral hygiene behaviours was obtained by interview.ResultsIn the univariate analysis, fewer remaining teeth, high plaque index (PLI) scores, low tooth brushing times, and low regular supra‐gingival scaling were significantly associated with COPD exacerbations (all p‐values <0.05). After adjustment for age, gender, body mass index, COPD severity and dyspnoea severity, the associations with fewer remaining teeth (p = 0.02), high PLI scores (p = 0.02) and low tooth brushing times (p = 0.008) remained statistically significant. When stratified by smoking, fewer remaining teeth (OR = 2.05, 95% CI: 1.04–4.02) and low tooth brushing times (OR = 4.90, 95% CI: 1.26–19.1) among past smokers and high PLI scores (OR = 3.43, 95% CI: 1.19–9.94) among never smokers were significantly associated with COPD exacerbations.ConclusionsFewer remaining teeth, high PLI scores, and low tooth brushing times are significant correlates of COPD exacerbations, indicating that improving periodontal health and oral hygiene may be a potentially preventive strategy against COPD exacerbations.
Utilization of Digital Technologies for Fabrication of Definitive Implant‐Supported Restorations
Authors: RAMSEY CHRISTOPHER D. , RITTER ROBERT G. 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACTThe introduction 7 years ago of specially coded healing abutments dramatically simplified the task of obtaining implant impressions. Such coded abutments eliminated the need for impression copings, instead enabling supragingival impressions to be made and sent to the laboratory for fabrication of patient‐specific abutments and restorations. Combining this technology with digital oral scanning has the potential to further simplify the time between impression‐making and delivery of a definitive restoration, and it offers additional benefits to both patients and clinicians. This article explains how oral scanners can be used to obtain digital impressions of encoded healing abutments. A case report illustrating this approach is also presented.CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCEThis article describes a new technological approach to implant dentistry utilizing intraoral scanning modalities. The clinical workflow will highlight the digital transfer of necessary information to fabricate a patient‐specific implant abutment and final prosthesis.(J Esthet Restor Dent ••:••–••, 2011)
Not only accumulation, but also saturation status of intramuscular lipids is significantly affected by PPARγ activation
Authors: Chabowski A. , Żendzian‐Piotrowska M. , Nawrocki A. , Górski J. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAim:  Intramuscular lipid accumulation has been associated with insulin resistance, and after thiazolidinediones (TZD) treatment, it was shown to be reduced in some, but not all, studies. This work was undertaken to investigate the relationships between intramuscular lipids [free fatty acids (FFA), diacylglycerols (DAG), triacylglycerol (TAG) and phospholipids] and plasmalemmal expression of fatty acid (FA) transporter [FAT/CD36 and FABPpm] in the muscles of varying oxidative capacity, after peroxisome proliferator–activated receptors gamma (PPARγ) activation (rosiglitazone) in an animal model of high‐fat‐diet‐induced insulin resistance. Endurance training was also included to further explore the differences in these relationships.Methods:  We have used gas liquid chromatography to estimate FA content and composition in each lipid fraction. For sarcolemmal expression of FA transporters, subfractionation of skeletal muscles with subsequent western blot technique was applied.Results:  High‐fat diet induced intramuscular accumulation of FFA, DAG and TAG, irrespective of muscle’s fibre composition. PPARγ activation (rosiglitazone) and, to a lesser extent, endurance training further increased TAG accumulation, while it reduced DAG in oxidative muscles (soleus and red gastrocnemius). Aforementioned interventions increased also sarcolemmal FAT/CD36 and FABPpm expressions in particular muscles. Irrespective of diet, rosiglitazone and exercise decreased significantly FA saturation status favouring proportionate enhancement in monounsaturated FA (rosiglitazone) or polyunsaturated FAs (endurance training).Conclusion:  These findings support the conclusion that not only the change in total lipid content (DAG and TAG), but also FA composition is affected by rosiglitazone in an animal model of high‐fat‐diet‐induced insulin resistance.
Stabilising total ossicular replacement prosthesis for ossiculoplasty with an absent malleus in canal wall down tympanomastoidectomy – a randomised controlled study
Authors: Babighian G. , Albu S. 
Published: October 2011

Clin. Otolaryngol. 2011, 36, 543–549Objectives:  To compare two titanium total ossicular replacement prosthesis (TORP) stabilisation techniques in canal wall down mastoidectomy presenting with footplate only and absent malleus handle.Design:  Prospective, controlled, randomised study.Setting:  Tertiary Otology Department.Participants:  Patients operated on with canal wall down mastoidectomy between 1999 and 2009 were randomised into two groups. Two techniques enhancing the TORP stability were compared: Hüttenbrink’s method (63 patients, Group 1) and author’s (GB) procedure (62 patients, Group 2). Hüttenbrink’s technique consists in placing a cartilage shave with a hole in the middle over the footplate. Through this hole, the end of the TORP is accommodated. The author’s method involves using a cartilage split in the middle, to lodge the TORP’s shaft at one end and to lay the opposite end over the fallopian canal.Main outcome measures:  Mean postoperative air–bone gap, hearing gain and air–bone gap closure within 20 dB. Auditory outcomes were evaluated at 1 year postoperatively.Results:  Postoperative air–bone gap closure within 20 dB (successful outcome) at 1 year was achieved in 59% of patients in Group 1 and 72% in Group 2 (P = 0.03). Mean postoperative air–bone gap was 24.4 ± 10.8 dB for Group 1 and 20.17 ± 9.8 dB for Group 2. The difference is 4.23 dB (95% confidence interval, 0.65–07.81), statistically significant: P = 0.02. Hearing gain was 20.3 ± 9.5 in Group 1 and 25.1 ± 10.2 in Group 2, significantly superior: P = 0.007.Conclusion:  Better hearing outcomes for author’s method could be demonstrated, but our sample size cannot exclude small and possible trivial, group differences.