bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IJCM_307A: Perception and practice of Nipah among first year undergraduate medical students of knct medical college
Authors: Razak Hafna M , Jayakrishnan T , Manju T. L , Mohandas Bindu , Laxman Anjali , Krishna Sruthi P 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Nipah infection is a zoonotic disease caused by Nipah virus with a very high case fatality rate (40-75%). The current outbreak (12-15 September 2023) was the third Nipah virus outbreak in Kozhikode district of Kerala, and overall the fourth outbreak in Kerala state since 2018. The state government had declared containment zones in the district and there was restriction of movement, public gatherings; wearing of masks and social distancing was mandatory in public spaces. The educational institutions including professional colleges were closed as a precautionary measure and switched to online classes. In this context, this study was conducted among the first-year medical students of KMCT medical college

Objective:
To assess the Perception and Practice about Nipah among first year undergraduate medical students of KMCT medical college

Methodology:
A cross sectional study was done among 2023 batch students of KMCT medical college students from September 18th to October 28, 2023. All the 150 students were taken by universal sampling for the study, out of which 144 were present at the time of data collection. Data was collected by investigators using a semi-structured questionnaire consisting of knowledge, attitude and practice-based sections. Scoring was done. The data was analyzed and recorded as frequencies and percentage.

Results:
Majority of the students (69%) had poor knowledge on Nipah, 29% had satisfactory knowledge and 2% of the students had very good knowledge. Majority of the students (89%) had good attitude towards Nipah while 10% had poor attitude. 68% students were found to have followed excellent practices, 30% had followed satisfactory practices while 2% had not practiced any good etiquette needed during an outbreak.

Conclusion:
Though they were having poor knowledge about Nipah, they followed good practices that helped in preventing and controlling the disease.
IJCM_31A: Menstrual characteristics and school absenteeism among adolescent school girls of Aligarh--A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Karthika P , Abedi Ali Jafar , Mehnaz Saira , Tabassum  
Published: April 2024

Background:
Menstruation is a significant event during adolescence. It is often a challenging period for adolescent girls since it poses significant challenges. The stigma associated with menstruation, difficulties due to menstrual disorders, and period poverty can often lead to school absenteeism and school dropout among girls.

Objectives:
1) To identify menstrual characteristics and explore the symptoms associated with menstrual cycles among adolescent schoolgirls of Aligarh. 2) To examine whether adolescent schoolgirls experience absenteeism during menstruation and to elucidate the reasons for such occurrences.

Methodology:
This is a cross-sectional study carried out among adolescent school girls of Aligarh. Two urban and two rural schools were selected randomly from the co-educational schools in Aligarh, with inclusion criteria comprising adolescent girls in grades six to ten who had experienced menarche at least six months prior. Parental consent and participant assent were obtained, resulting in the participation of 164 students. Data collection was conducted through a questionnaire method.

Results:
The respondents’ average age was 14.5±1.33 years, with 84.1% exhibiting regular menstrual cycles out of the 164 participants. The mean age at menarche was 12.7±1.02, and the average duration of menstruation was 4.90±1.54 days. Only 12% of students did not experience pain during menstruation, while the majority reported mild (35.4%), pain only on the first day (30.5%), or excessive (2.8%) pain. Predominant pre-menstrual symptoms included irritability, mood disturbances, and breast tenderness. Despite these challenges, a majority of students (84.1%) affirmed not taking leave during menstruation. Among those who did, the reasons included a lack of facilities for changing pads, insufficient disposal systems for pads, and dysmenorrhoea.

Conclusion:
This study sheds light on the menstrual characteristics and challenges faced by adolescent schoolgirls in Aligarh. Despite the challenges, the students attend school during menstruation which shows the importance of targeted interventions to address the challenges
IJCM_311A: Epidemiological profile of tuberculosis cases at an urban slum in a metropolitan city a cross sectional study
Authors: Pinto Tanvi , Chavan Y.B , Singh Vijaykumar 
Published: April 2024

Background:
The WHO Global Tuberculosis Programme works towards the goal of a world free of TB, with zero deaths, disease and suffering due to the disease. Tuberculosis (TB) is a preventable and usually curable disease. Yet in 2022, TB was the worlds second leading cause of death from a single infectious agent, after coronavirus disease (COVID-19). The reported global number of people newly diagnosed with TB was 7.5 million in 2022; this is the highest number since WHO began global TB monitoring in 1995. Around 87% of new TB cases occurred in the 30 high TB burden countries, with more than two-thirds of the global total in Bangladesh, China, Democratic Republic of the Congo, India, Indonesia, Nigeria, Pakistan and the Philippines.

Objective:
To study the epidemiological profile of tuberculosis cases in an urban slum of Mumbai.

Methodology:
A retrospective record-based analysis of secondary data on tuberculosis (pulmonary and extrapulmonary) reported on the NIKSHAY portal between January to December 2022 at an urban health training center in an urban slum in Mumbai.

Results:
The total number of drug sensitive TB cases reported in 2022 was 519. Males constituted 42% and females 58%. The most common age group affected was 20-29 years. Pulmonary cases comprised 66.9% of the cases. The total number of Drug resistant TB cases reported were 75, 53 were pulmonary & 22 were extrapulmonary.

Conclusion:
In contrast to Male predominance (52.26%) of cases in Maharashtra, the urban slum had 42% males affected. India grapples with multiple challenges in combatting tuberculosis (TB), marked by a high disease burden, diagnostic delays, drug resistance, and socioeconomic barriers. While significant strides have been made through programs like the National Tuberculosis Elimination Program, the path to eradication demands continued efforts.
IJCM_316A: Prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among school teachers in Ernakulam district, Kerala
Authors: Joy Sarah , Menon Vishnu b 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Work-related Musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSD) stand as a prevalent and significant occupational health issue within the teaching profession. Despite being overlooked for an extended period, there has been a growing level of concern about this issue in recent years.

Objectives:
1. To estimate the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among school teachers in Ernakulam district, Kerala. 2. To determine the risk factors associated with work-related musculoskeletal disorders.

Methodology:
A cross sectional study was conducted among 114 school teachers in Ernakulam district selected by multistage cluster sampling. A structured interview schedule was used to assess the sociodemographic and occupational characteristics. To investigate the musculoskeletal disorders, they were interviewed with the modified Nordic questionnaire. The data was entered in MS excel and analysis was done using SPSS version 21.0.

Results:
Mean age (SD) of the participants was 43.25 (7.56) years. The prevalence of Work-related Musculoskeletal disorders at any part of the body over the past 12 months among teachers was 52.6%. Knee pain (41.6%) was the most prevalent WRMSD followed by ankle (38.3%) pain. Commonly perceived risk factor was standing for prolonged periods (81.6%). Stair climbing was found to be the most difficult Activity of Daily Living affected due to the symptoms (55%). Calcium/Vitamin D supplements, intake of calcium rich diet and body mass index were significantly associated with WRMSD.

Conclusion:
The results highlighted the crucial need to follow ergonomic guidelines in order to reduce the strain on the musculoskeletal system experienced by teachers.
IJCM_321A: Circumstances and Distribution of Needle Stick Injuries among Healthcare Workers in a Medical College of Kolkata
Authors: Dhar Smita , Datta Mousumi 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Needle-stick injuries (NSI) are common among Health- Care workers (HCWs) during execution of their patient care services and have been recognized as an important source of exposure to blood-borne pathogens. Considerable number of NSIs are not reported which prevents injured HCWs from receiving post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) against HIV, Hepatitis B and C.

Objective:
To assess the circumstances and reporting of Needle -stick Injuries and its association with service related and demographic variables of healthcare workers in a tertiary level hospital of Eastern India.

Methodology:
Descriptive, cross-sectional, hospital-based study. The study was conducted among 108 healthcare workers from 20th July to 20th August. Data were collected on Socio-demographic, Service related and events of Needle Stick Injuries and their reporting by an interviewer administered schedule.

Results:
About 72% study participants suffered from needle stick injury in last one year, 53.85% of them had a single event of NSI and 64% of NSI victims reported the event. Gender, educational status, occupation, vaccination status against Hep B, shift of duty during last NSI, place of last NSI were significantly associated (p value).

Conclusion:
Incidents of needle stick injuries were more among doctors. Participants completely vaccinated with Hep B vaccine suffered lower number of NSI.
IJCM_326A: Access to Contraceptives for Migrants: Understanding how to improve family planning coverage in Brick Kiln in Northern India- A mixed methods study
Authors: Saranya  , Sharma Charu , Sathiabalan M , Kathirvel S 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Family planning is a key means to achieving many of the Sustainable Development Goals. Lack of data in marginalized populations on knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) hampers efforts to improve modern contraceptive practice.

Objectives:
To assess the knowledge, attitude and family planning practices and understand the facilitators and barriers for adopting family planning methods.

Methodology:
Cross-sectional study among men and women workers of reproductive age group and in-depth interviews (IDIs) in selected women worker of reproductive age group; were conducted. Qualitative data were described in proportions and compared using standard statistical tests. Qualitative data were coded and grouped and discussed using identified themes.

Results:
Among 85 migrant workers studied, more than two-third of the workers had no formal schooling. Only 38% were found to have practiced any Family Planning Methods (FPM), among the non-usage of any FPM, it has been found that 37% were never felt the need for FPM, 21% had no knowledge regarding any FPM. The facilitators identified for FPM were knowledge & practice about FPM, felt need for a small family, health system support, family support. As a migrant worker, they face multiple barriers like, difficulty in identifying the health facility, increased work time, difficulty in comprehending the local language and inaccessible frontline healthcare workers.

Conclusion:
The finding stresses the need to shift focus towards building intention, in addition to ensuring access of trained staff, and commodities drugs and equipment, and building capacities of health care providers
IJCM_327A: An assessment of quality of life among women working in public sector units
Authors: Thirunavukkarasu Sriranganathan , Karthikeyan K , Tamilarasan M. , Sriandaal V. 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Women hold unequal roles and prestige in practically every society and area of life; as a result, it is important to empower them by giving them equal opportunity. The growth of human capital is crucial for individual growth and performance, particularly in terms of productivity and quality of life. Occupational stress is a syndrome of emotional tiredness, dissociation, and decreased self-confidence. A healthy lifestyle requires good mental health, and depression is a major factor in the quality of life (QOL) condition as measured by self-reported assessment measures. The study’s objectives were to evaluate quality of life (QOL) among women working in public sector units, their level of empowerment in many spheres of life, and the factors influencing that empowerment and how it relates to QOL and demographic parameters.

Objectives:
To describe the socio-demographic profiles of women working in public sector unit and to evaluate the quality of life among them.

Methodology:
Between April to June 2023, a total of 100 women working in public sector units participated in this study by snowball sampling technique at Neyveli, Tamil Nadu. All qualitative variables were presented as frequencies and percentages. The prevalence rates were given in percentages. Mean and Standard deviation was used at calculate continuous variables example age.

Results:
The overall score obtained by the participants in the study conducted of which 32% has scored 75-85, 31% has scored <75, 30% has scored 85-95, and 7 % has scored >95 among the population of 100 participants. The women had a mean QOL score of 79.41 ± 11.52.

Conclusion:
Human health is integrally tied to quality of life (QoL), a complex and diverse concept that encompass the physical, psychological, spiritual, social, and economic realms. QoL is a dynamic, subjectively measured object.
IJCM_328A: Operational Research on Capacity Building of Community Health Workers in Screening for Depression and Suicide risk
Authors: Angeline G. Nancy , Paul Jackwin Sam , Hegde Divya , Sudha Sri , Karikalan  , Nancy Luciya , Abraham Vinod Joseph 
Published: April 2024

Background:
The basic training for ASHA workers in Tamil Nadu include a module on Non-Communicable diseases with inadequate focus on Mental Health. As a part of the Community Based Assessment Checklist, ASHAs are trained in administration of Patient Health Questionnaire-2 to screen for depression. However, there is significant gap in the primary prevention of depression in the communities in terms of screening, basic counselling services and knowledge and attitude among community health workers

Objective:
This study aimed to assess the feasibility of capacity building of Community Health Workers in screening for depression and suicide risk and provision of Psychological First Aid Services

Methodology:
117 Community Health Workers including ASHAs, AWWs, ANMs, WHVs, VHNs and UHNs were trained in WHO Psychological First Aid, PHQ-9 administration and WHO MhGAP 10 questions on suicide risk screening in Thiruvannamalai, Vellore and Tiruvallur District of Tamil Nadu

Results:
Of the 1371 individuals screened, 13.18% were positive for depression and 38% were positive for atleast one suicide risk. The most common suicide risk observed was chronic pain followed by extreme hopelessness. PHQ-9 and Suicide risk assessment was easy to administer among ANM, VHN and UHNs. However, ASHAs and Women Health Volunteers reported that PHQ-2/WHO Wellbeing Index was an easier tool to use in the field. Psychological First Aid training can be easily delivered by non-medical professionals to health workers.

Conclusion:
Community Health Workers can provide primary prevention in mental health by provision of Psychological First Aid to their community. Depression screening should be simplified by PHQ-2/WHO Well being index
IJCM_329A: Prevalence of Impostor Phenomenon and its association with Depression, Anxiety and Stress in undergraduate medical students
Authors: Alok Yash , Kenguva Nikhil Kumar , Sufyan Mohd. , Udupa Suma T 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Clance and Imes coined the term “impostor phenomenon,” or IP, which causes a person to choose to elevate the achievements of others and belittle their own successes. This results in constant self-underappreciation and anxiety about a task. The field of medical science is a highly pressure-intensive and competitive field. In the medical field, where patients’ lives are involved daily, a condition like this which is going undiagnosed, will affect the duties provided by the medical practitioner in the long run. They will doubt every decision they make, which can seriously harm the patient. All these reasons show the necessity of discovering new and more advanced techniques to identify the disorder. As a result, this condition develops into more severe forms. It results in more serious psychiatric conditions that can be prevented if IP is identified correctly.

Objective:
To identify the prevalence of Imposter Phenomenon and to find its associations with depression, anxiety, and stress in medical students

Methodology:
It was a cross sectional study done among undergraduate students of a private medical college in Manipal. About 377 undergraduates participated in the study. Data was collected using the Clance IP scale and DASS-21 questionnaire after taking relevant permissions. The data was collected in an excel sheet from the responses derived from the Microsoft form. Data was analyzed using the open-source statistical software Jamovi 2.0.

Results:
It was observed that more than half of the students were female. More than two fifths of the students reported having frequent IP experiences, and about 15% of them reported intense IP experiences. Positive correlation was observed between IP and Stress, Anxiety and Depression.

Conclusion:
Impostor Phenomenon should be diagnosed and identified early in medical undergraduates to reduce mental health issues in the long run so they may be able to provide quality medical care.
IJCM_330A: Prevalence and predictors of postpartum depression among females attending tertiary hospital Jammu
Authors: Bala Jyoti , Kumari Rashmi , Gupta Rajiv 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Puerperium or Postpartum period is the period of first six weeks postpartum which begin immediately after parturition. During this time woman is adapting to multiple physical, social and psychological changes. Early identification of such symptoms is crucial for its prompt treatment. Many women develop depressive symptoms.

Objective:
is to find out the prevalence and factors associated with Postpartum Depression especially the social support.

Methodology:
this cross-sectional study was conducted for a period of one year among mothers who were in the period of 4-7 weeks postpartum. The participants were assessed using the scales -Edinburgh Postnatal Depression scale, Hamilton depression Rating scale and Multidimensional scale of perceived Social Support (MSPSS). Statistical analysis was done using spss version (20.0) info. Appropriate statistical tests were used. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
Out of 750, 16.1% had postpartum depression, (a score of =10 on EPDS). The factors which were significantly associated included marital status, religion, residence, education of mother and her husband, history of domestic violence, history of mental illness in the past, family history of mental illness, duration of pregnancy, time since delivery, any complication during pregnancy, birthweight of baby and planned parenthood. Social support shows negative correlation with PPD which is statistically significant

Conclusion:
The prevalence of depression in postpartum mothers is high, various sociodemographic and obstetric factors are significantly associated with it. social support emerged to be protective in reducing the postpartum depression.
IJCM_331A: Helping beyond the Helpline – Experience from a Unique Model for Mental Health Care among Frontline workers during COVID – 19 Pandemic in Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Sathiyanarayanan S , Aravindakshan Rajeev , Reddy Vijaya Chandra 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Psychological issues among Health Care Workers (HCWs) in COVID-19 stem from the fact that normal people are being exposed to extraordinary situations. Facing this critical situation, it is essential to ensure that these personnel are identified early and offered appropriate intervention. Hence, AIIMS Mangalagiri partnering with UNICEF started a project to reach out to all frontline workers in the state of Andhra Pradesh.

Objectives:
To set up a Psycho-Social Counselling (PSC) system for healthcare & other front-line workers in the state of Andhra Pradesh to handle stress due to COVID–19 To conduct capacity-building programs for health care & other front-line workers to prevent psycho-social conditions arising due to COVID–19

Methodology:
A simple Mental Health Screening Questionnaire (MHSQ) was developed and validated in the local language. After getting prior approvals, a Google form link of the MHSQ was sent via email, SMS, and WhatsApp to every frontline worker in the state. Consenting participants with scores above 6 were contacted personally by the psychologists for further detailed evaluation. A helpline number for counseling was publicized and psychologists conducted sessions on mental health awareness and coping strategies in various institutes across the state.

Results:
About 8,217 respondents attempted the MHSQ out of which detailed mental health evaluation (GAD-7, PHQ-9, CAGE, AUDIT, and PSQI) was done for 392 respondents. The most common issues identified were Anxiety (45%), Insomnia (42%), Depression (12%), and Substance Abuse (2%). Also, as a part of the mental health capacity-building campaign around 4,500 healthcare workers like nurses, Anganwadi teachers, and ANMs were trained offline across the state, along with the District Mental Health team.

Conclusion:
Mental health can have a significant impact on the competence of frontline workers. In addition to existing interventions available, confidential mental health intervention and service provision are the need of the hour.