bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Allogeneic stem cell transplantation for adult Philadelphia chromosome–negative acute lymphocytic leukemia: comparable survival rates but different risk factors between related and unrelated transplantation in first complete remission
Authors: Nishiwaki Satoshi , Inamoto Yoshihiro , Sakamaki Hisashi , Kurokawa Mineo , Iida Hiroatsu , Ogawa Hiroyasu , Fukuda Takahiro , Ozawa Yukiyasu , Kobayashi Naoki , Kasai Masanobu , Mori Takehiko , Iwato Koji , Yoshida Takashi , Onizuka Makoto , Kawa Keisei , Morishima Yasuo , Suzuki Ritsuro , Atsuta Yoshiko , Miyamura Koichi 
Published: July 2010

AbstractTo identify factors to improve the outcomes of related and unrelated allogeneic stem cell transplantations (allo-SCT) for Philadelphia chromosome–negative acute lymphocytic leukemia (Ph− ALL) in the first complete remission (CR1), we retrospectively analyzed 1139 Ph− ALL patients using the registry data, particularly the details of 641 patients transplanted in CR1. Overall survival was significantly superior among patients transplanted in CR1, but no significant difference was observed between related and unrelated allo-SCTs (related vs unrelated: 65% vs 62% at 4 years, respectively; P = .19). Among patients transplanted in CR1, relapse rates were significantly higher in related allo-SCT compared with unrelated allo-SCT, and multivariate analysis demonstrated that less than 6 months from diagnosis to allo-SCT alone was associated with relapse. On the other hand, nonrelapse mortality (NRM) was significantly higher in unrelated allo-SCT compared with related allo-SCT, and multivariate analysis demonstrated that 10 months or longer from diagnosis to allo-SCT, human leukocyte antigen mismatch, and abnormal karyotype were associated with NRM. In conclusion, our study showed comparable survival rates but different relapse rates, NRM rates, and risk factors between related and unrelated allo-SCTs. After a close consideration of these factors, the outcome of allo-SCT for adult Ph− ALL in CR1 could be improved.
Treatment of progression of Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms to myelodysplastic syndrome or acute myeloid leukemia by azacitidine: a report on 54 cases on the behalf of the Groupe Francophone des Myelodysplasies (GFM)
Authors: Thepot Sylvain , Itzykson Raphael , Seegers Valerie , Raffoux Emmanuel , Quesnel Bruno , Chait Yasmine , Sorin Lucile , Dreyfus Francois , Cluzeau Thomas , Delaunay Jacques , Sanhes Laurence , Eclache Virginie , Dartigeas Caroline , Turlure Pascal , Harel Stephanie , Salanoubat Celia , Kiladjian Jean-Jacques , Fenaux Pierre , Adès Lionel 
Published: July 2010

AbstractTransformation of Philadelphia (Ph)–negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) to myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is associated with poor response to chemotherapy and short survival. Fifty-four patients with Ph-negative MPN (including 21 essential thrombocythemia [ET], 21 polycythemia vera [PV], 7 primary myelofibrosis, and 5 unclassified MPN) who had progressed to AML (n = 26) or MDS (n = 28) were treated with azacitidine in a patient-named program. Overall response rate was 52% (24% complete response [CR], 11% partial response [PR], 8% marrow CR or CR with incomplete recovery of cytopenias, 9% hematologic improvement) and median response duration was 9 months. Prognostic factors were for overall response the underlying MPN (71% vs 33% responses in ET and PV, respectively; P = .016); prognostic factors for CR achievement were the underlying MPN (14% CR for PV vs 43% for ET; P = .040) and World Health Organization classification at transformation (36% vs 12% CR in MDS and AML, respectively, P = .038). Recurrence of chronic phase features of the initial MPN was observed in 39% of the responders. Median overall survival was 11 months. Azacitidine gives encouraging results in Ph-negative MPN having progressed to AML or MDS, but response duration is short, and consolidation treatments have to be evaluated.
Chemical Clustering for Risk Assessment: Fatty Alcohol Alkoxylates
Authors: Lindner Gregory J. 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Fatty alcohol alkoxylates are non-ionic surface active compounds comprised of a hydrophobic fatty alcohol moiety of variable chain length linked to a hydrophilic polyalkoxylate chain of repeating alkylene oxide subunits containing ethylene and propylene oxides. Materials falling inside this group that are derived from a fatty alcohol and ethylene oxide alone are referred to as fatty alcohol ethoxylates. The unifying features of this class include (1) the use of fatty alcohol fractions drawn from alkyl chains between 4 and 100 carbons in length, each with deliberately wide or narrow ranges and falling within or across specific groups, and (2) the chemical addition to these fractions of specific numbers of repeating structural units of an alkylene oxide in molar ratios ranging from 2 to 100 for ethylene oxide and from 0 to 30 for propylene oxide. A useful rationale establishing the cohesiveness of grouping, or “clustering,” of this family of chemistry is described based on a comparison of similarities across chemical structures contained in the cluster, the continuum of predictable change in associated physiochemical properties, and the accompanying consistency in underlying biological data. A semiquantitative approach is described using the accessible non-confidential information.
A Comparison of the Effect of Complete and Partial Cross‐pollination of Alfalfa on Pod Sets, Seeds Per Pod, and Pod and Seed Weight1
Authors: Pedersen M. W. , Petersen H. L. , Bohart G. E. , Levin M. D. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisOn each of 6 pairs of alfalfa clones, all flowers on 1 member and one third on the other were cross‐pollinated. With “one third”, 66.4% formed pods with an average weight of 12.7 mg., while with “all flowers”, 46.7% formed pods of 11.3 mg. average weight. Clones differed in percentage of cross‐pollinated flowers forming pods but behaved similarly at the high and low intensities. Both pod weight and pod set varied for different dates among clones but in no consistent trend. Heavier pods at low cross‐pollination intensity are attributed to heavier seeds and pod tissue rather than number of seeds per pod.
Maturation and Yield of Corn as Influenced by Climate and Production Technique1
Authors: Andrew R. H. , Ferwerda F. P. , Strommen A. M. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisYield comparisons of two corn hybrids, W240 and W255, grown at Wageningen, Netherlands, and Spooner, Wis., showed maximum yields averaging 110 bushels per acre at Wageningen and 68 at Spooner; 5‐year averages for W240 were 86.1 and 62.9 respectively. Higher plant populations (28,907 per acre at Wageningen, 11,784 in Wisconsin), uniform rainfall distribution, higher soil fertility, and lower disease incidence contributed to high yields at Wageningen. The stage of maximum maturity required up to 9 more weeks growing season and occurred as much as 6 weeks later at Wageningen than at Spooner.
Evaluation of the Emergence Force Exerted by Seedlings of Small Seeded Legumes Using Probit Analysis1
Authors: Williams W. A. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisA technique is reported for measuring the emergence force exerted by small seeded species. Germinating seedlings were subjected to the vertical force of weighted glass rods while being restrained laterally by glass tubing. Substantial movement of the rod was recorded as evidence that the seedling exerted a force equal to the weight of the rod. Results were analyzed by the method of probits, and an illustration is presented of the estimation of the median emergence force, a population parameter. The emergence force is very closely associated with the seed weight of the four species of Leguminosae tested.
Standard Errors of Field Experiments at the Farm Crop Institute, Agricultural College of Norway1
Authors: Njos Arnor , Nissen Oivind 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisIn calculating standard errors for 349 experiments carried out in 1951‐54, average C.V. values varied from 7.1% in barley trials to 14.5% in timothy trials, second cut. The range for 93% of the C.V.'s was from 3 to 17%. C.V.'s were larger in outlying experiments than on the main experimental farm, the average difference of 1.7% being significant. Variation in number of treatments, plot size, and yield level, accounted for 10 to 35% of the total variability in the C.V.'s.
Establishing Legumes in Corn1
Authors: Pendleton J. W. , Jackobs J. A. , Slife F. W. , Bateman H. P. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisAlfalfa was established successfully in corn by planting the alfalfa the same day as corn. High corn yields were obtained when a 20‐inch area over the corn row was kept weed free and the alfalfa between the rows was clipped. Sixty‐inch rows produced 92% and 80‐inch rows produced 80% as much corn grain as that produced in 40‐inch rows. Lespedeza and alfalfa were the easiest legumes to establish under summer seeding conditions.
Root Distribution of Some Irrigated Crops Using Undisrupted Soil Cores1
Authors: Bloodworth M. E. , Burleson C. A. , Cowley W. R. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisIn irrigated areas where a “plowsole” layer existed, a large percentage of plant roots were found to occupy the first foot of soil and especially the first 6 inches. The number and size distribution of roots per increment of soil depth gave a better comparison between different crops from the standpoint of soil physical properties than a comparison of root weights alone.
Response of Soybeans to Leaf and Pod Removal1
Authors: McAlister Dean F. , Krober Orland A. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisDefoliation caused reduction in all measures of yield. Severe, 80%, depodding reduced seed yield but increased weight per seed and stem yield. Moderate depodding, up to 40%, increased seed weight enough to maintain seed yield. Eighty percent depodding increased sugars, starch, and nitrogen in leaves and stems. Eighty percent defoliation increased the iodine number of seed oil, but decreased the oil and protein in seeds. Depodding increased seed protein but decreased the oil content and iodine number.
Cotton Fiber Development Studies at Suboptimum Temperatures1
Authors: Hessler L. E. , Lane H. C. , Young A. W. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisCotton grown under adverse environment showed a close relationship between cellulose, reducing sugar ratio and temperature deficiency. Low temperatures during boll development caused reduced cellulose synthesis and the accumulation of sugars in the boll, indicating temperature dependence of cotton fiber production. Fiber properties varied with boll development and from early to late season. High correlation between cellulose and crystallinity, and between crystallinity and strength for developing cotton bolls show the relation between chemical structure and fiber development.
Evidence of Non‐Allelic Gene Interaction in Determining Yield, Ear Height, and Kernel Row Number in Corn1
Authors: Bauman Loyal F. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisEpistatic gene action was found to be involved in determining yield, ear height, and kernel row number in corn. However, significant epistasis × year interactions were found in some cases. The epistatic deviations in some cases, therefore, may be similar to or a part of the genotype‐environment interactions normally encountered. The method employed proved relatively ineffective in detecting epistasis.
Volatile Loss of Ammonia Following Surface Application of Urea to Turf or Bare Soils1
Authors: Volk Gaylord M. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisLosses of nitrogen as ammonia during 7 days following surface application of 100 pounds of dry urea‐nitrogen were 20 to 30% for 4 different grass sods, and 17 to 59% for acid light sandy soils. Losses from ammonium nitrate or ammonium sulfate were negligible. Losses From urea solution were similar to those from dry urea for turf but much less for soils.
Genetics of Greenbug (Toxoptera Graminum Rond.) Resistance in Two Strains of Common Wheat1
Authors: Curtis Byrd C. , Schlehuber A. M. , Wood E. A. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisThe F1, F2, F3, and backcross hybrids of the greenbug‐resistant varieties Dickinson Selection 28A and C.I. 9058 crossed with the susceptible varieties Ponca, Concho, and Crockett, and with each other, revealed that resistance is conditioned by a single recessive gene pair, common to both resistant strains. The gene symbol gbgb was assigned.
Net Radiation Determinations in a Cornfield1
Authors: Aubertin G. M. , Peters D. B. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisPlant populations and row widths affect the relative amounts of energy absorbed by the plants and by the soil. A considerable increase in absorption of light energy within the crop canopy can be achieved through the process of spatial distribution of plants in a cornfield. The data emphasize the necessity of low populations and wide row widths under semi‐arid conditions.
Use of the Relationship of Stocking Rate to Gain of Cattle in an Experimental Design for Grazing Trials1
Authors: Riewe Marvin E. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisA review of stocking rate studies revealed in most cases a significant negative correlation between stocking rate and gain per animal. An experimental design for grazing trials is suggested which utilizes three or more stocking rates per pasture treatment. Replications are not required. Statistical analysis is accomplished with covariance analysis.
Seed Yields of Birdsfoot Trefoil, Lotus corniculatus L., as Affected by Preharvest Clipping Combined with Control of Injurious Insects1
Authors: Bader K. L. , Anderson S. R. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisRemoval of spring and early summer forage growth of birdsfoot trefoil does not result in increased seed yields of birdsfoot trefoil as compared to unclipped stands. Higher seed yields of birdsfoot trefoil may be expected if meadow spittlebug, lygus bug, and potato leafhoppers are controlled.
Seedling Emergence Rate of Fall‐sown Wheat and Its Association with Plant Height and Coleoptile Length1
Authors: Allan R. E. , Vogel O. A. , Peterson C. J. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisSignificant differences in the emergence rate index (E.R.I.) were observed for a group of standard height and semidwarf selections as well as for groups of club and common semidwarf selections. Indexes were found to correlate positively with matureplant heights and coleoptile lengths of seedlings grown at 50° and 90° F. Partial correlations indicated that associations between E.R.I. and plant height and E.R.I. and coleoptile length were closely related.
Radiation in the Plant Environment and Photosynthesis1
Authors: Waggoner Paul E. , Moss D. N. , Hesketh J. D. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisChemical theory predicts that an increase in light intensity will increase photosynthesis whenever the quantity of CO2 and turbulence are of the magnitude encountered in the field. Diffusion theory predicts the equivalent effect of increasing turbulence of CO2. In fact photosynthesis of cane increased between 1.2 and 1.6 cal. cm.−2 min.−1 of incandescent light, even at 200 ppm CO2 in calm air. On the other hand, photosynthesis of tobacco and dogwood increased little at sunlight intensities above 0.4 cal. cm.−2 min.−1.
Seedling Emergence of Winter Wheats and Its Association With Depth of Sowing, Coleoptile Length Under Various Conditions, and Plant Height1
Authors: Sunderman Donald W. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisHighly significant differences were found in the emergence percent and coleoptile length of varieties. Plant height was positively correlated with coleoptile length in 3 of 5 tests and with emergence percent in 1 of 2 tests. Coleoptile length in all laboratory tests was closely associated with average coleoptile length and emergence percent found in the field tests. The laboratory test that gave the best indication of varietal field performance was the vermiculite test at 85° F.
Relation of Root Distribution to Water Uptake and Availability1
Authors: Gardner W. R. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisA mathematical theory describing water uptake by nonuniform root systems and other factors is developed. The relative distribution of roots with depth and the water retaining and transmitting properties of the soil determine the main features of the water uptake pattern. Other factors such as the total number of roots are relatively unimportant. Good agreement is obtained between the theory and an actual uptake pattern for sorghum.
Use of the Intercept Method in Determining the Calcite‐Dolomite Ratio for Rating Agricultural Limestones1
Authors: Brydon J. E. , Rice H. M. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisIn one convenient analytical procedure, the intercept method gives the CaCO3 equivalent, the proportion of calcite and dolomite and an estimate of the Ca and Mg content in a ground sample of limestone. Once the composition is determined, the sieve size or the minimum percent passing a sieve can be chosen.
Shortwave Radiation in a Corn Crop1
Authors: Allen L. H. , Brown K. W. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisNear‐infrared and total shortwave radiation were measured at various heights in corn using Japanese EKO solarimeters, with and without appropriate light filters. From these measurements, visible radiation was calculated. The resulting data indicated that the attenuation coefficients for radiation within this crop were not constant. Near‐infrared radiation was found to be a higher percentage of the total shortwave radiation at the bottom of the crop than at the top.
Germination of Fourwing Saltbush Seeds at Different Levels of Moisture Stress1
Authors: Springfield H. W. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractFourwing saltbush (Atriplex canescens) is a promising species for seeding Southwestern ranges. Studies were conducted to determine the effects of different levels of moisture stress and temperatures on seed germination. Six sources of seeds were germinated in mannitol solutions under 0.3, 3.0, 7.0, 11.0, and 15.0 atmospheres of osmotic pressure at 85, 63, and 49F.Total germination in 28 days decreased as moisture stress increased. Germination also was delayed as moisture stress increased, especially at 49F. The seeds germinated better at 63 and 49 than at 85F. Seeds germinated well even under the relatively high 7‐atmosphere level at 63F, which suggests that moisture stress may have less effect on seed germination when temperatures are near optimum. One source germinated better than four of the other five sources under the 11‐ and 15‐atmosphere levels indicating it might germinate more readily under arid range conditions.
Nodulation Responses of Soybeans to Added Phosphorus, Potassium, and Calcium Salts1
Authors: de Mooy C. J. , Pesek John 
Published: July 2010

AbstractLarge and highly significant curvilinear responses in number, weight, and leghemoglobin content of nodules of 5 soybean Plant Introductions to application of P were observed in outdoor pot experiments with 3 nutrient variables and uniform mixing of soil and fertilizers. P × Ca interaction effects were sometimes significant for nodule number and weight. Ca had a strong negative effect on leghemoglobin content. Significant varietal differences in number and weight of nodules and differential responses of nodule weight due to P, P2, and P × Ca were found at 2 stages of development. Between 2 stages of growth, the nodule weight of 1 line among 3 changed from lightest to heaviest, indicating a significant variety × time interaction. Maximum nodulation required very high levels of applied P and K salts. At rates of 400 to 500 pp2m P and 600 to 800 pp2m K, the predicted nodule weight at the end of flowering was tripled. Maximum nodule activity required even higher levels of applied P. The findings reported in this paper not only confirm the dominant role of P fertility for optimum nodulation of soybeans but give a better idea of how high the levels need to be and of the number and weight of nodules which may be produced under good growing conditions.
Evapotranspiration Rates of Field Crops Determined by the Bowen Ratio Method1
Authors: Fritschen Leo J. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractSimultaneous evapotranspiration rates were determined biweekly for the crop combinations of alfalfa and barley, alfalfa and cotton, alfalfa and sorghum, wheat and oats, and cotton from meteorological data by the Bowen ratio method. The crops were grown under irrigated conditions in the hot, arid region of south‐central Arizona. Calculated evapotranspiration rates ranged from 1.0 to 1.8 times net radiation, indicating that large amounts of energy were extracted from the air mass. Alfalfa prior to cutting tended to use more water than the other crops. Water use by cotton after canopy development approached that of alfalfa. Barley, wheat, and grain sorghum appeared to require the least water.The Bowen ratio method, as a survey technique or continuous sampling method, can be used to obtain short‐period evapotranspiration rates under field conditions. It appears to be one of the few methods which will yield valid results when crops are subjected to frequent and heavy irrigation or where water tables are present.
Optimum Rates of Seeding Turfgrasses1
Authors: Madison John H. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractKentucky bluegrass and ‘Seaside’ and ‘Penncross’ bent‐grasses were sown at 1, 2, 4, and 8 pounds per 1000 square feet and covered 0, ⅛, ¼, or ½ inch. Population was greatly affected by the treatments; chlorophyll index and rooting were not affected. High sowing rate resulted in high populations (13,000–42,000/ft2) of small plants, more susceptible to disease and slower to mature. These populations decreased in the process of maturing. At the 2‐ to 4‐pound rates initial and final populations were not greatly different. At the 1‐pound rate there was little disease, populations were low (900–3,800/ft2) and plants had space to grow and spread, and rapidly reached a larger mature size. This development took time to form a complete cover.Covering seed ½ inch deep reduced stands of bluegrass slightly, of Seaside up to 60%, and of Penncross up to 75%. Seaside grew well with a cover up to ¼ inch, while ⅛ inch or less resulted in the densest stands of Penncross.Rapid turf maturity resulted from seeding so there were fewer than 2500–3800 bluegrass seedlings or 5000–8000 bentgrass seedlings per square foot.
Influences of Plant Moisture Stress, Solar Radiation, and Air Temperature on Cotton Leaf Temperature1
Authors: Wiegand C. L. , Namken L. N. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe influences of cotton plant relative turgidity (RT), solar radiation (RS), and air temperature at plant height (TA) on leaf temperature (TL,) and leaf minus air temperature (TL — TA) were studied during two crop seasons. The daily data show that (a) a decrease in relative turgidity from 83 to 59% resulted in a 3.6C increase in leaf temperature, and (b) a unit increase in solar radiation (from about 0.5 to 1.5 ly min‐1) resulted in a 9 to 10C increase in leaf temperature. These same changes in relative turgidity and solar radiation resulted in 2.7 to 3.7 and 8 to 10C increases, respectively, in (TL — TA). Seasonal average (TL — TA) was 4C. Leaf temperature and (TL — TA) could be estimated from the seasonal data with an average standard error of 1C by RT, RS, and TA in linear multiple regression analyses. The results of these studies show that variations in plant moisture stress significantly alter leaf temperature and leaf minus air temperature. However, variations in insolation must be carefully monitored under intermittent cloud conditions to account for their influences on plant leaf temperature.