bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Piezoelectric field compensation in the InGaN quantum wells of GaN/InGaN/AlGaN LEDs structures: electroreflectance experiment
Authors: Avakyants Lev , Bokov Pavel , Chervyakov Anatoly , Yunovich Alexander , Vasileva Elena , Yavich Boris 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe influence of built‐in piezoelectric field in the light‐emitting diodes based on InGaN/AlGaN/GaN heterostructures on the electroreflectance spectra have been studied. The structures were grown by MOCVD technology and «flip‐chip» mounted. The spectral line connected with the InGaN/GaN multiple quantum wells region are observed in the electroreflectance spectra. The blue shift of this spectral line with the increasing reverse bias voltage has been explained as the result of decreasing of the electric field in the quantum well. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Characterising the degree of polarisation anisotropy in an a ‐plane GaN film
Authors: Badcock T. J. , Schulz S. , Moram M. A. , Kappers M. J. , Dawson P. , O'Reilly E. P. , Humphreys C. J. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractWe have performed a thorough characterisation of an a ‐plane GaN film, using X‐ray diffraction reciprocal space mapping, k·p theory and polarised photoluminescence spectroscopy Within the plane of the film and along the growth direction, the strain was found to be compressive and tensile respectively. The relative oscillator strength of the transitions involving the topmost valence bands has been calculated as a function of strain. We find that using the experimentally determined strain values as input parameters to the theoretical model, results in good agreement between the predicted relative oscillator strengths and the degree of optical polarisation anisotropy measured in the low temperature photoluminescence spectroscopy. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Concurrent robotic trans‐abdominal pre‐peritoneal (TAP) herniorrhaphy during robotic‐assisted radical prostatectomy
Authors: Joshi Amit R. T. , Spivak Jacob , Rubach Eugene , Goldberg Gary , DeNoto George 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBackgroundRobotic prostatectomy (RP) is now increasingly performed because it allows for precise dissection of neurovascular structures with better outcomes. It is estimated that 5–12% of candidates for radical prostatectomy have detectable inguinal hernias, and simultaneous mesh hernioplasty is now well supported. A disadvantage of radical prostatectomy is obliteration of the preperitoneal space of Bogros, which can make future totally extraperitoneal (TEP) herniorrhaphy difficult and prone to complication.MethodsFour patients underwent RP using the DaVinci system. Six clinically detectable inguinal hernias were repaired. Upon completion of the prostatectomy, the peritoneum overlying the myopectineal orifice of Fruchaud was opened, the orifice was dissected free and the hernia reduced. A 3 × 6 inch polypropylene mesh or 4 × 6 inch polyester mesh was then affixed overlying the orifice with titanium tacks, and the peritoneum was closed over the mesh using a running absorbable suture.ResultsThe mean operating time for the TAP was 24 min. There were no postoperative complications. At a mean follow‐up of 34 months, no recurrence was noted.ConclusionsWith the increasing incidence of RP, we advocate the concurrent repair of any detectable inguinal hernias at the time of prostatectomy. The preperitoneal placement of a polypropylene or polyester mesh secured with a tacking device and a peritoneal closure performed with a running absorbable suture is uniquely suited to the abilities of the robot, and provides a durable repair. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pelvic Exenteration for Advanced and Recurrent Malignancy
Authors: Zoucas Evita , Frederiksen Sven , Lydrup Marie‐Louise , Månsson Wiking , Gustafson Pelle , Alberius Per 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBackgroundImproved surgical techniques and oncological treatment render many advanced pelvic tumors amenable to curative resection. We evaluated morbidity, survival, and quality of life (QoL) after extended pelvic procedures.MethodsFrom January 2003 to November 2008, 85 patients underwent multivisceral pelvic resection; 87% had colorectal or anal malignancies. Preoperatively, endoscopy and imaging procedures were performed, followed by multidisciplinary assessment. Fifty‐eight percent received preoperative chemotherapy and pelvic irradiation. Exenteration was total in 32 patients and posterior in 48. Five posterior resections included partial cystectomy and 21 encompassed resection of the bony pelvis. Myocutaneous flaps were used for reconstruction in 33 cases. Urinary diversion was achieved by ileal conduit in 24 and by continent pouch in 8. QoL was evaluated prospectively in 22 late cases.ResultsAll patients were evaluated. Clear margins were obtained in 66%. Median duration of surgery was 680 (310–1,320) min, and blood loss was 1,800 (350–19,000) ml. Morbidity was 68%, whereof major complications constituted 13%. Median hospital stay was 18 (5–70) days. There was no 90‐day mortality. Median follow‐up was 24 (3–71) months. Local control was obtained in 77 patients. Twenty‐seven manifested disseminated disease without local recurrence, two developed isolated local recurrence, and six had local and systemic recurrences. Twenty‐one died after a median of 11 (4–55) months follow‐up. Survival was correlated with clear margins and time to relapse. QoL was improved at 16 months after surgery.ConclusionsMultivisceral pelvic surgery is possible with acceptable morbidity and QoL. Thorough patient selection and multimodal therapy are necessary to attain maximum benefit.
Downsizing Treatment with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Patients with Advanced Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors Improved Resectability
Authors: Sjölund Katarina , Andersson Anna , Nilsson Erik , Nilsson Ola , Ahlman Håkan , Nilsson Bengt 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBackgroundGastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) express the receptor tyrosine kinase KIT. Most GISTs have mutations in the KIT or PDGFRA gene, causing activation of tyrosine kinase. Imatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), is the first‐line palliative treatment for advanced GISTs. Sunitinib was introduced for patients with mutations not responsive to imatinib. The aim was to compare the survival of patients with high‐risk resected GISTs treated with TKI prior to surgery with historical controls and to determine if organ‐preserving surgery was facilitated.MethodsTen high‐risk GIST‐patients had downsizing/adjuvant TKI treatment: nine with imatinib and one with sunitinib. The patients were matched with historical controls (n = 89) treated with surgery alone, from our population‐based series (n = 259). Mutational analysis of KIT and PDGFRA was performed in all cases. The progression‐free survival was calculated.ResultsThe primary tumors decreased in mean diameter from 20.4 cm to 10.5 cm on downsizing imatinib. Four patients with R0 resection and a period of adjuvant imatinib had no recurrences versus 67% in the historical control group. Four patients with residual liver metastases have stable disease on continuous imatinib treatment after surgery. One patient has undergone reoperation with liver resection. The downsizing treatment led to organ‐preserving surgery in nine patients and improved preoperative nutritional status in one patient.ConclusionsDownsizing TKI is recommended for patients with bulky tumors with invasion of adjacent organs. Sunitinib can be used for patients in case of imatinib resistance (e.g., wild‐type GISTs), underlining the importance of mutational analysis for optimal surgical planning.
Significance of Serum Connective Tissue Growth Factor in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Relationship with Angiogenesis
Authors: Wang Gui‐Bo , Zhou Xin‐Yu , Yuan Tao , Xie Jun , Guo Li‐Ping , Gao Ning , Wang Xiao‐Qin 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBackgroundConnective tissue growth factor (CTGF) expression changes variously in different human malignancies. The role of CTGF in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still not clear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of serum CTGF in patients with HCC and its correlation with HCC angiogenesis.MethodsCTGF, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) were measured by ELISA in preoperative sera of 88 patients with HCC with tumor resection and 39 healthy subjects. The relationship between CTGF and HCC clinicopathological parameters was observed. Prognostic significance of CTGF for survival of patients with HCC was assessed by Kaplan–Meier analysis.ResultsPreoperative serum CTGF level was significantly higher in patients with HCC than in healthy subjects (median, 63.5 vs. 11.4 ng/ml; P < 0.001). Serum CTGF correlated significantly with a series of clinicopathological parameters (big tumor size, advanced pathological tumor‐node‐metastasis stage, absence of tumor capsule, portal vein invasion). Serum CTGF showed a significant correlation with disease‐free survival and overall survival of patients with HCC. Patients with high serum CTGF (>63.5 ng/ml) had a poorer disease‐free survival time than the others (CTGF ≤ 63.5 ng/ml; median disease‐free survival time, 9.6 vs. 19.3 months). Patients with high serum CTGF had poorer overall survival time (median, 13.1 months) than the others (median, 21.7 months). In multivariate Cox analysis, CTGF was identified as an independent and significant prognostic factor of survival of HCC patients.ConclusionsSerum CTGF plays an important role in the progression of HCC. Serum CTGF may be a potential indicator of angiogenesis of HCC.
Prognostic value of18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in patients with extrahepatic bile duct cancer
Authors: Kitamura Koji , Hatano Etsuro , Higashi Tatsuya , Seo Satoru , Nakamoto Yuji , Narita Masato , Taura Kojiro , Yasuchika Kentaro , Nitta Takashi , Yamanaka Kenya , Doi Ryuichiro , Ikai Iwao , Uemoto Shinji 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBackground18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG‐PET) is used in the differential diagnosis and staging of extrahepatic bile duct cancer (EBDC), but its prognostic value has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated the prognostic value of FDG‐PET in EBDC patients.MethodsThe study included 73 consecutive patients with EBDC, of whom 48 underwent surgical resection for EBDC. The effects of clinicopathological factors including the standardized uptake value (SUV) of the primary lesion and lymph node metastasis detected by FDG‐PET (PET‐N) on overall survival were evaluated.ResultsIn all 73 patients, multivariate analysis showed that surgical resection (risk ratio 2.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.17–5.35,p = 0.018) and the SUV (2.0, 1.07–3.91,p = 0.030) were independent predictors of survival. In the 48 patients who underwent surgical resection, multivariate analysis revealed that perineural invasion (risk ratio 3.2, 95% CI 1.28–7.93,p = 0.012), pathologic lymph node metastasis (3.4, 1.27–9.17,p = 0.015), and PET‐N (4.0, 1.10–15.25,p = 0.036) were independent predictors of overall survival. In the 25 patients without surgical resection, the SUV showed a significant relationship with overall survival (p = 0.014).ConclusionOur data suggest that the SUV of the primary lesion is a useful prognostic factor in patients with EBDC, and the prognosis for patients with PET‐N remains very poor despite surgical resection.
Comparison of effects of spatial autocorrelation on distribution predictions of four rare plant species in the Watarase wetland
Authors: Ishihama Fumiko , Takeda Tomomi , Oguma Hiroyuki , Takenaka Akio 
Published: May 2010

AbstractWe tested the effectiveness of distribution‐prediction models for four rare herbaceous wetland species in the Watarase wetland, Japan, based on data obtained from aerial images. We used visible and near‐infrared aerial images from three seasons, and elevations and vegetation heights derived from the images. Because spatial autocorrelation in species distribution data often biases the estimated effects of certain variables and reduces the prediction accuracy of distribution models, we compared the predictions of an intrinsic conditional autoregressive (CAR) model, which accounts for spatial autocorrelation, with those of a standard logistic regression model. The four study species had different distribution patterns:Ophioglossum namegataeandImpatiens ohwadaehad aggregated distributions, whereasGalium tokyoenseandThalictrum simplexvar.brevipeshad scattered distributions. Predictions based on remote sensing images performed well forO. namegataewith the intrinsic CAR model and forI. ohwadaewith both the logistic and CAR models; performance was poor forG. tokyoenseandT. simplexvar.brevipeswith both models. Prediction accuracy improved by the CAR model in comparison to the logistic model most inO. namegataeand least inI. ohwadae.Impatiens ohwadae's distribution was explained well by ground height. In contrast, the apparent improvement in the prediction forO. namegataeresulted from a substantial spatial random effect, suggesting the presence of determinants that could not be detected by remote sensing. The number of explanatory variables with large effects decreased in the intrinsic CAR model in three species possibly by avoiding spatial pseudoreplication, but not forT. simplexvar.brevipes.
Ostracods from Upper Ordovician (Katian) carbonate lithofacies in southwest Scotland
Authors: MOHIBULLAH M. , AFZAL J. , WILLIAMS M. , MEIDLA T. , SIVETER D. J. , ZALASIEWICZ J. A. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe Ordovician Craighead Limestone Formation of southwest Scotland was formed on a carbonate platform on the eastern tropical margin of the Laurentia palaeocontinent during the early Katian (c.456 Ma). It yields the most diverse and well-preserved ostracod fauna yet recovered from the Scottish Ordovician succession, with some 25 species divisible into two distinct marine biotopes comprising shallow lagoonal and deeper platform margin settings, respectively. The ostracods show strong biogeographic links at species-level with Sandbian and early Katian faunas of North America, includingKrausella arcuata, Steusloffina cuneata, Monoceratella teresand species ofLevisulculusandPlatybolbina. However, many of the ostracod genera that characterize the Craighead Limestone Formation have earlier origins in the Baltica palaeocontinent, suggesting enhanced migration of species from mid- (Baltica about 30° S) to low (Laurentia) latitudes in the late Sandbian and early Katian interval. Such Baltica-origin genera includeDistobolbina,KiesowiaandPlatybolbina. Notable is the wide biogeographic occurrence ofSteusloffina cuneata, extending from warm tropical Laurentia to cooler high-latitude Gondwana, an enormous latitudinal range for a shelf-dwelling marine species. The possible Tvaerenellidae taxonDuoarcus levigatusgen. et sp. nov. is described.
Significance of AMS analysis in evaluating superposed folds in quartzites
Authors: MAMTANI MANISH A. , SENGUPTA POULOMI 
Published: May 2010

AbstractQuartzites tend to be compositionally homogeneous, and because of this, deformation related fabric elements (foliations and lineations) are poorly developed in them. This makes structural analysis of deformed quartzites challenging. The measurement of anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) is useful for recognizing structural imprints in rocks that lack mesoscopic fabrics and the present study is carried out with an aim to demonstrate the robustness of AMS in analysing such deformation imprints in quartzites. AMS data of samples from folded quartzites located in an approximately 10 km2 area around Galudih (eastern India) are presented. Although on a regional scale, superposed deformation and ductile shearing are known from the area, the investigated quartzites do not preserve mesoscopic evidence of these large-scale features and have developed folds that plunge gently towards the SE with a vertical NW–SE-striking axial plane. The magnetic foliation recorded from AMS analysis is parallel to the axial plane, while the orientation of the magnetic lineation varies from SE through vertical to NW. This is similar to the large-scale fold axis variations recorded in various regional domains mapped over an area of about 200 km2. It is concluded that although the imprint of regional superposed deformation is not obvious on the mesoscopic scale in the quartzites around Galudih, this imprint can be detected from the magnetic fabric. The present study thus highlights the usefulness of AMS in analysing superposed folds in quartzites.
Directional orientation of migration in an aseasonal explosive-breeding toad from Brazil
Authors: Santos Raquel Rocha , Leonardi Simone Baratto , Caorsi Valentina Zaffaroni , Grant Taran 
Published: May 2010

Abstract:The directional orientation of pre- and post-reproductive migration was studied in the Brazilian red-bellied toad Melanophryniscus cambaraensis, a species that forms explosive-breeding aggregations at irregular intervals throughout the entire year. Migrating toads were captured by enclosing the breeding site in dual drift fences with inward- and outward-facing funnel traps. Data were collected over 5 mo and totalled 333 captures. The observed directional orientation was significantly different from expected under a uniform distribution for both pre- and post-reproductive migration, regardless of gender. Males and females did not differ significantly from each other in the orientation of entry or exit, and the directional orientation of pre-reproductive migration was not significantly different from post-reproductive migration. It is suggested that the observed directional bias may be due to a dirt road next to the breeding site that could restrict juvenile dispersal to the adjacent forest.
Structural and functional analysis of the interaction between the nucleoporin Nup98 and the mRNA export factor Rae1
Authors: Ren Yi , Seo Hyuk-Soo , Blobel Günter , Hoelz André 
Published: May 2010

The export of mRNAs is a multistep process, involving the packaging of mRNAs into messenger ribonucleoprotein particles (mRNPs), their transport through nuclear pore complexes, and mRNP remodeling events prior to translation. Ribonucleic acid export 1 (Rae1) and Nup98 are evolutionarily conserved mRNA export factors that are targeted by the vesicular stomatitis virus matrix protein to inhibit host cell nuclear export. Here, we present the crystal structure of human Rae1 in complex with the Gle2-binding sequence (GLEBS) of Nup98 at 1.65 Å resolution. Rae1 forms a seven-bladed β-propeller with several extensive surface loops. The Nup98 GLEBS motif forms an ≈50-Å-long hairpin that binds with its C-terminal arm to an essentially invariant hydrophobic surface that extends over the entire top face of the Rae1 β-propeller. The C-terminal arm of the GLEBS hairpin is necessary and sufficient for Rae1 binding, and we identify a tandem glutamate element in this arm as critical for complex formation. The Rae1•Nup98
GLEBS
surface features an additional conserved patch with a positive electrostatic potential, and we demonstrate that the complex possesses single-stranded RNA-binding capability. Together, these data suggest that the Rae1•Nup98 complex directly binds to the mRNP at several stages of the mRNA export pathway.
Differences in the Epidemiological Characteristics and Clinical Outcomes of Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 Influenza, Compared with Seasonal Influenza
Authors: Shiley Kevin T. , Nadolski Gregory , Mickus Timothy , Fishman Neil O. , Lautenbach Ebbing 
Published: May 2010

Background.There are limited data comparing the clinical presentations, comorbidities, and outcomes of patients with infections due to seasonal influenza with patients with infections due to pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza.Objective.To compare the epidemiological characteristics and outcomes of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza with those of seasonal influenza.Methods.A cross-sectional study was conducted among patients who received diagnoses during emergency department and inpatient encounters at 2 affiliated academic medical centers in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Cases of seasonal influenza during the period November 1, 2005, through June 1, 2008, and cases of pandemic influenza during the period from May 1, 2009, through August 7, 2009, were identified retrospectively.Results.Forty-nine cases of pandemic influenza and 503 cases of seasonal influenza were identified. Patients with pandemic H1N1 were younger (median age, 29 years) than patients with seasonal influenza (median age, 59 years) (P<.001). More patients with pandemic H1N1 (35 [71%] of 49) were African American, compared with patients with seasonal influenza (267 [53%] of 503;P= .02). Several symptoms were more common among patients with pandemic influenza infections than among patients with seasonal influenza infections: cough (98% vs 83%;P= .007), myalgias (71% vs 46%;P= .001), and pleuritic chest pain (45% vs 15%;P< .001). Pregnancy was the only comorbidity that occurred significantly more often in the pandemic influenza group than in the seasonal influenza group (16% vs 1%;P< .001). There were no significant differences in frequencies of deaths of hospitalized patients, intensive care unit admission, or length of hospitalization between groups.Conclusion.Other than pregnancy, there were few clinically important differences between infections due to seasonal influenza and those due to pandemic influenza. The greater rate of lower respiratory tract symptoms in pandemic cases might serve to differentiate pandemic influenza from seasonal influenza.
Integrative platform to translate gene sets to networks
Authors: Laakso Marko , Hautaniemi Sampsa 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Summary: We have implemented a computational platform (Moksiskaan) that integrates pathway, protein–protein interaction, genome and literature mining data to result in comprehensive networks for a list of genes or proteins. Moksiskaan is able to generate hypothetical pathways for these genes or proteins as well as estimate their activation statuses using regulation information in pathway repositories. An automatically generated result document provides a detailed description of the query genes, biological processes and drug targets. Moksiskaan networks can be downloaded to Cytoscape for further analysis. To demonstrate the utility of Moksiskaan, we use gene microarray and clinical data from &gt;200 glioblastoma multiforme primary tumor samples and translate the resulting set of 124 survival-associated genes to a network.
Availability and Implementation: Moksiskaan and user guide are freely available under GNU General Public License at http://csbi.ltdk.helsinki.fi/moksiskaan/
Contact: Sampsa.Hautaniemi@Helsinki.FI
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.