bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Every minute matters: Improving outcomes for penetrating trauma through prehospital advanced resuscitative care
Authors: Duchesne Juan , McLafferty Bryant J. , Broome Jacob M. , Caputo Sydney , Ritondale Joseph P. , Tatum Danielle , Taghavi Sharven , Jackson-Weaver Olan , Tran Sherman , McGrew Patrick , Harrell Kevin N. , Smith Alison , Nichols Emily , Dransfield Thomas , Marino Megan , Piehl Mark 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND
Prehospital resuscitation with blood products is gaining popularity for patients with traumatic hemorrhage. The MEDEVAC trial demonstrated a survival benefit exclusively among patients who received blood or plasma within 15 minutes of air medical evacuation. In fast-paced urban EMS systems with a high incidence of penetrating trauma, mortality data based on the timing to first blood administration is scarce. We hypothesize a survival benefit in patients with severe hemorrhage when blood is administered within the first 15 minutes of EMS patient contact.

METHODS
This was a retrospective analysis of a prospective database of prehospital blood (PHB) administration between 2021 and 2023 in an urban EMS system facing increasing rates of gun violence. Prehospital blood patients were compared with trauma registry controls from an era before prehospital blood utilization (2016–2019). Included were patients with penetrating injury and SBP ≤ 90 mm Hg at initial EMS evaluation that received at least one unit of blood product after injury. Excluded were isolated head trauma or prehospital cardiac arrest. Time to initiation of blood administration before and after PHB implementation and in-hospital mortality were the primary variables of interest.

RESULTS
A total of 143 patients (PHB = 61, controls = 82) were included for analysis. Median age was 34 years with no difference in demographics. Median scene and transport intervals were longer in the PHB cohort, with a 5-minute increase in total prehospital time. Time to administration of first unit of blood was significantly lower in the PHB vs. control group (8 min vs. 27 min; p < 0.01). In-hospital mortality was lower in the PHB vs. control group (7% vs. 29%; p < 0.01). When controlling for patient age, NISS, tachycardia on EMS evaluation, and total prehospital time interval, multivariate regression revealed an independent increase in mortality by 11% with each minute delay to blood administration following injury (OR 1.11, 95%CI 1.04–1.19).

CONCLUSION
Compared with patients with penetrating trauma and hypotension who first received blood after hospital arrival, resuscitation with blood products was started 19 minutes earlier after initiation of a PHB program despite a 5-minute increase in prehospital time. A survival for early PHB use was demonstrated, with an 11% mortality increase for each minute delay to blood administration. Interventions such as PHB may improve patient outcomes by helping capture opportunities to improve trauma resuscitation closer to the point of injury.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic/Care Management; Level IV.
Quantifying the benefit of whole blood on mortality in trauma patients requiring emergent laparotomy
Authors: Lammers Daniel , Betzold Richard , McClellan John , Eckert Matthew , Bingham Jason , Hu Parker , Hurst Stuart , Baird Emily , Hashmi Zain , Kerby Jeffrey , Jansen Jan O. , Holcomb John B. 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND
Whole blood (WB) transfusions in trauma represent an increasingly utilized resuscitation strategy in trauma patients. Previous reports suggest a probable mortality benefit with incorporating WB into massive transfusion protocols. However, questions surrounding optimal WB practices persist. We sought to assess the association between the proportion of WB transfused during the initial resuscitative period and its impact on early mortality outcomes for traumatically injured patients.

METHODS
We performed a retrospective analysis of severely injured patients requiring emergent laparotomy and ≥3 units of red blood cell containing products (WB or packed red blood cells) within the first hour from an ACS Level I Trauma Center (2019–2022). Patients were evaluated based on the proportion of WB they received compared with packed red blood cells during their initial resuscitation (high ratio cohort ≥50% WB vs. low ratio cohort <50% WB). Multilevel Bayesian regression analyses were performed to calculate the posterior probabilities and risk ratios (RR) associated with a WB predominant resuscitation for early mortality outcomes.

RESULTS
Two hundred sixty-six patients were analyzed (81% male; mean age, 36 years; 61% penetrating injury; mean Injury Severity Score, 30). The mortality was 11% at 4 hours and 14% at 24 hours. The high ratio cohort demonstrated a 99% (RR, 0.12; 95% credible interval, 0.02–0.53) and 99% (RR, 0.22; 95% credible interval, 0.08–0.65) probability of decreased mortality at 4 hours and 24 hours, respectively, compared the low ratio cohort. There was a 94% and 88% probability of at least a 50% mortality relative risk reduction associated with the WB predominate strategy at 4 hours and 24 hours, respectively.

CONCLUSION
Preferential transfusion of WB during the initial resuscitation demonstrated a 99% probability of being superior to component predominant resuscitations with regards to 4-hour and 24-hour mortality suggesting that WB predominant resuscitations may be superior for improving early mortality. Prospective, randomized trials should be sought.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic/Care Management; Level IV.
A Divide-and-Conquer Approach to Large-Scale Evolutionary Analysis of Single-Cell DNA Data
Authors: Liu Yushu , Nakhleh Luay 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSingle-cell sequencing technologies are producing large data sets, often with thousands or even tens of thousands of single-cell genomic data from an individual patient. Evolutionary analyses of these data sets help uncover and order genetic variants in the data as well as elucidate mutation trees and intra-tumor heterogeneity (ITH) in the case of cancer data sets. To enable such large-scale analyses computationally, we propose a divide-and-conquer approach that could be used to scale up computationally intensive inference methods. The approach consists of four steps: 1) partitioning the dataset into subsets, 2) constructing a rooted tree for each subset, 3) computing a representative genotype for each subset by utilizing its inferred tree, and 4) assembling the individual trees using a tree built on the representative genotypes. Besides its flexibility and enabling scalability, this approach also lends itself naturally to ITH analysis, as the clones would be the individual subsets, and the “assembly tree” could be the mutation tree that defines the clones. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed approach, we conducted experiments employing a range of methods at each stage. In particular, as clustering and dimensionality reduction methods are commonly used to tame the complexity of large datasets in this area, we analyzed the performance of a variety of such methods within our approach.
Anomalous diffusion analysis reveals cooperative locomotion of adult parasitic nematodes in sex-mixed groups
Authors: Leben Ruth , Rausch Sebastian , Elomaa Laura , Hauser Anja E. , Weinhart Marie , Fischer Sabine C. , Stark Holger , Hartmann Susanne , Niesner Raluca 
Published: May 2024

AbstractParasitic worms are widespread throughout the world and causing agents of chronic infections in humans and animals. The majority of these pathogens parasitize the gut of the infected hosts, however very little is known about the locomotion of the worms dwelling the gut. We studied the movement ofHeligmosomoides bakeri (previouslyHeligmosomoides polygyrus), a natural infection of mice and usually used as animal model to study the roundworm infections. We investigated the locomotion ofH. bakeriin simplified environments mimicking key physical features of the intestinal lumen, i.e. various medium viscosities, and a periodical intestinal villi topography. The non-periodical nematode motion in these settings could be described by anomalous diffusion theory. Fascinatingly, an oriented, super-diffusive locomotion of nematodes in sex-mixed groups were detected, in the sense of a cooperative, but not collective (swarm-like) migration stimulated by mating and reproduction, while individual nematodes moved randomly, following a diffusive motion regime. High mucus-like medium viscosity and villi topography, representing physical constraints of nematode locomotion, slowed down but did not prevent this cooperative migration. Additionally, the mean displacement rate of nematodes in sex-mixed groups of 6·10−4mm/s in viscous mucus-like medium are in good agreement with estimates of nematode migration velocities between 10−4to 10−3mm/s in the gut. Thus, our data indicate the intestinal nematodes motion to be non-periodic and random but triggered to be oriented by kin of the different sex.
MDM2 stabilization of Notch intracellular domain upon DNA damage plays a major role in non-small cell lung carcinoma response to platinum chemotherapy
Authors: Bernardo Sara , Thomas Quentin-Dominique , Mancini Maicol , Santos Alba , Rasamizafy Sylvia Fenosoa , Maacha Amina-Milissa , Giry Anais , Bousquet-Mur Emilie , Papon Laura , Goussard Marion , Fremin Christophe , Pasquier Andrea , Rodríguez María , Travert Camille , Pujol Jean-Louis , Linares Laetitia K , Heron-Milhavet Lisa , Djiane Alexandre , Ferrer Irene , Paz-Ares Luis , Quantin Xavier , Montuenga Luis M , Tourriere Hélène , Maraver Antonio 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTDespite major advances in lung cancer clinical management, majority of patients suffering non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) are treated in first line with platinum in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Although platinum compounds normally display an initial therapeutic effect, relapse constitutes a major challenge in the clinical management of NSCLC patients. Therefore, it is fundamental to understand the relapse underlying mechanisms to find new therapeutic opportunities to improve patients’ survival. Here, we found that different DNA damage inducers increase the protein levels of Notch Intracellular Domain (NICD), i.e., the active form of NOTCH1. Mechanistically, we unveiled that upon platinum treatment, there was a concomitant increase of MDM2 together with NICD, and we also observed an MDM2-mediated ubiquitination and stabilization of NICD. Of note, using patient-derived xenografts displaying intrinsic carboplatin resistance, we demonstrated that the combination of carboplatin with MDM2 and NICD inhibitors increased survival and reduced tumor growth compared with carboplatin in monotherapy. Moreover, in patients with NSCLC who received platinum chemotherapy, MDM2 expression level in the tumor was correlated with poor progression-free survival, further validating MDM2 key role in the response to platinum compounds. Our findings open a therapeutic opportunity for NSCLC patients, the main lung cancer subtype of the leading cause of death by cancer worldwide.
Microstructural pruning in human prefrontal cortex scaffolds its functional reorganization across development
Authors: Yao Jewelia K. , Yazdani Zachariya , Musa Ruggaya , Gomez Jesse 
Published: May 2024

SummaryNeural representations in occipitotemporal cortex emerge during development in response to visual experience with ecological stimulus categories, such as faces or words. While similar category-selective representations have also been observed in the frontal lobe, how they emerge across development, whether current models of brain development extend to prefrontal cortex, and the extent to which such high-level representations are anatomically consistent across the lifespan is unknown. Through a combination of functional and quantitative MRI scans, we observe previously undescribed cortical folding patterns in human-specific inferior frontal cortex whose consistency reveals that childhood representations for visual object categories rearrange into stable adulthood patterns. This functional restructuring was distinct from occipitotemporal cortex where adult-like response patterns only scale in magnitude across development. The unique form of functional development in prefrontal cortex was accompanied by restructuring of cortical tissue properties: macromolecules are pruned across adolescence in prefrontal cortex while they proliferate in temporal cortex. These results suggest visual representations in distinct cortical lobes undergo distinct developmental trajectories, and that human-specific prefrontal cortex shows an especially protracted maturational process that necessitates late-stage tissue restructuring detectable in the living brain.
Commonly used organoid culture media prevent ferroptosis
Authors: Eaton John K. , Chatterji Priya , Sweat Yan Y. , Victorio Rachelle A. , Wawer Mathias J. , Viswanathan Vasanthi S. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOrganoids enable the recreation of organ physiologyin vitroand serve as powerful models for biology in basic life science research and drug discovery and development. However, organoid culture requires complex media formulations that include antioxidants, potentially confounding experimental results sensitive to such conditions. Here we report that the growth conditions used commonly to generate organoid models inhibit ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of lipid peroxidative cell death with relevance to human disease, thus rendering such models incompatible with ferroptosis research. We identify medium components that diminish or eliminate ferroptosis sensitivity and outline strategies for avoiding anti-ferroptotic culture conditions in organoid and other cell culture applications. These findings provide a roadmap for adapting organoid models for the study of ferroptosis and leveraging their strengths for advancing ferroptosis-modulating therapeutics.
Discovery and Quantification of Long-Range RNA Base Pairs in Coronavirus Genomes with SEARCH-MaP and SEISMIC-RNA
Authors: Allan Matthew F. , Aruda Justin , Plung Jesse S. , Grote Scott L. , Martin des Taillades Yves J. , de Lajarte Albéric A. , Bathe Mark , Rouskin Silvi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRNA molecules perform a diversity of essential functions for which their linear sequences must fold into higher-order structures. Techniques including crystallography and cryogenic electron microscopy have revealed 3D structures of ribosomal, transfer, and other well-structured RNAs; while chemical probing with sequencing facilitates secondary structure modeling of any RNAs of interest, even within cells. Ongoing efforts continue increasing the accuracy, resolution, and ability to distinguish coexisting alternative structures. However, no method can discover and quantify alternative structures with base pairs spanning arbitrarily long distances – an obstacle for studying viral, messenger, and long noncoding RNAs, which may form long-range base pairs.Here, we introduce the method of Structure Ensemble Ablation by Reverse Complement Hybridization with Mutational Profiling (SEARCH-MaP) and software for Structure Ensemble Inference by Sequencing, Mutation Identification, and Clustering of RNA (SEISMIC-RNA). We use SEARCH-MaP and SEISMIC-RNA to discover that the frameshift stimulating element of SARS coronavirus 2 base-pairs with another element 1 kilobase downstream in nearly half of RNA molecules, and that this structure competes with a pseudoknot that stimulates ribosomal frameshifting. Moreover, we identify long-range base pairs involving the frameshift stimulating element in other coronaviruses including SARS coronavirus 1 and transmissible gastroenteritis virus, and model the full genomic secondary structure of the latter. These findings suggest that long-range base pairs are common in coronaviruses and may regulate ribosomal frameshifting, which is essential for viral RNA synthesis. We anticipate that SEARCH-MaP will enable solving many RNA structure ensembles that have eluded characterization, thereby enhancing our general understanding of RNA structures and their functions. SEISMIC-RNA, software for analyzing mutational profiling data at any scale, could power future studies on RNA structure and is available on GitHub and the Python Package Index.
Developmental origins and evolution of pallial cell types and structures in birds
Authors: Zaremba Bastienne , Fallahshahroudi Amir , Schneider Céline , Schmidt Julia , Sarropoulos Ioannis , Leushkin Evgeny , Berki Bianka , Van Poucke Enya , Jensen Per , Senovilla-Ganzo Rodrigo , Hervas-Sotomayor Francisca , Trost Nils , Lamanna Francesco , Sepp Mari , García-Moreno Fernando , Kaessmann Henrik 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe advanced cognitive abilities of birds rival those of mammals and have been attributed to evolutionary innovations in the pallium. However, a comprehensive cellular characterization of this brain region in birds has been lacking. We scrutinized the structures, cell types and evolutionary origins of the avian pallium based on single-cell and spatial transcriptomics atlases for the adult and developing chicken, and comparisons to corresponding data from mammals and non-avian reptiles. We found that the avian pallium shares most inhibitory neuron types with other amniotes. While excitatory neuron repertoires in the (medial) hippocampal formation show high conservation, they substantially diverged in other pallial regions during avian evolution, defining novel structures like the avian-specific (dorsal) hyperpallium, whose neuronal gene expression identities partly converge during late development with those of the (ventral) nidopallium. Our work also unveils the evolutionary relationships of pallial structures across amniotes, like the previously unknown homology between avian (lateral) mesopallial and mammalian deep layer cortical neurons.One-Sentence SummaryAn avian neural cell type atlas illuminates the developmental origins and evolution of the amniote pallium.
Stomatin-like protein 2 senses oxidative stress through the interaction with phosphatidic acid to promote mitochondrial unfolded protein response
Authors: Castelo Rueda Maria Paulina , Pichler Irene , Musilova Karolina , Kmoch Stanislav , Pramstaller Peter P. , Hnizda Ales , Hicks Andrew A. , Vozdek Roman 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe mitochondrial unfolded protein response (mtUPR) is an essential mechanism that maintains mitochondrial fitness during stress. Using a genetic screen inCaenorhabditis eleganslooking for regulators of the mtUPR, we identifiedstl-1, an ortholog of human Stomatin-like protein 2 (SLP-2), as a positive regulator in healthy mitochondria. The loss of STL-1 and SLP-2 results in an impaired mtUPR inC. elegansand human cells, respectively. BothC. elegansSTL-1 and human SLP-2 are proteins located at the inner mitochondrial membrane and exhibit strong lipid binding affinity to phosphatidic acid. Oxidative stress alters the STL-1 localization within the mitochondrial membrane, and triggers the mtUPR dependent on both STL-1/SLP-2 and mitochondrial PA homeostasis. These results reveal an evolutionarily conserved mechanism of mitochondrial protection, in which STL-1/SLP-2 acts as a sensor for changes in mitochondrial membrane lipid composition through physical interaction with PA species, thereby mediating the mtUPR and enhancing stress resistance.
Epitaxial growth and stoichiometry control of pyrochlore
Nd2Ru2O7
thin films
Authors: Rabinovich K. S. , Kim G. , Yaresko A. N. , Christiani G. , Logvenov G. , Keimer B. , Boris A. V. 
Published: May 2024

We report on the epitaxial growth of pyrochlore NRO thin films utilizing a reactive off-axis sputtering technique. The growth process employed Ru and Nd metal targets with a repetitive substrate temperature sequence. X-ray diffraction, magnetic susceptibility, and spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements confirm that the structural, magnetic, and electronic properties of near-stoichiometric NRO films match those of the bulk material. Our spin-polarized density functional calculations based on Nd2Ru2O7 structural parameters accurately describe the optical spectra and assign Hubbard bands to the interband transitions observed above the optical band gap of 0.2 eV. By utilizing the technique's capability to adjust the degree of ruthenium deficiency, we investigated Nd2Ru2O7 films across a wide range of stoichiometric variations. Decreasing the Ru/Nd ratio results in lattice expansion, an increase in the optical band gap, and the suppression of Ru 4d intersite optical transitions. Additionally, this adjustment facilitates the elimination of minor inclusions of a ferromagnetic NdOx impurity phase, influencing the magnetic properties of stoichiometric films at low temperatures. The successful growth of Nd2Ru2O7 films opens up promising opportunities for designing and exploring strain- and light-induced states in pyrochlore ruthenates.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Unveiling the role of congruity in service robot design and deployment
Authors: Ma Chang , Fan Alei , Lee Seonjeong Ally 
Published: May 2024

Purpose
This paper aims to examine the congruency effects of physically embodied robots in service encounters, which addressed a significant research gap concerning the synthesis of robot design elements (e.g., appearance and voice) and their service purposes.

Design/methodology/approach
Grounded in congruity theory and human-robot interaction literature, this study conducted a pretest and two experimental studies revealing the need to view robot design holistically and recognizing the pivotal role of congruity in shaping consumers’ service robot adoption. The moderating role of service purposes (utilitarian vs hedonic) was also investigated in terms of robot design and consumer reactions.

Findings
Consumers generally tend to favor robots with congruent designs, particularly for utilitarian service purposes. The serial mediation through perceived congruence and perceived intelligence explains such a favorite tendency.

Practical implications
This study advances service robot design research by highlighting the critical role of congruity in enhancing consumer engagement. It supports the use of comprehensive, congruent designs for services with utilitarian purposes and recommends adaptable designs for hedonic settings.

Originality/value
This study addressed the research gap by examining service robot design from a holistic perspective. The research findings highlight the importance of congruency effects in service robot design and deployment and provide valuable insights and guidelines to industry practitioners for optimal investment in service robots.