bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An econometric comparison of uk and german foreign holiday behaviour
Authors: Witt Stephen F. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractEconometric models which explain the generation and distribution of foreign holidays undertaken by UK and German residents are constructed and estimated. These comprise the basic model, a less constrained transformation and a modified model which incorporates supply constraints and habit persistence. Both versions of the basic model are shown to exhibit a structural break across the two sets of origin data, suggesting that habit and/or supply factors are important. The empirical findings also imply that the British regard foreign holidays as luxuries whereas Germans view them as necessities.
LINGO1 gene analysis in Parkinson's disease phenotypes
Authors: Lorenzo‐Betancor Oswaldo , Samaranch Lluís , García‐Martín Elena , Cervantes Sebastián , Agúndez José A.G. , Jiménez‐Jiménez Félix J. , Alonso‐Navarro Hortensia , Luengo Antonio , Coria Francisco , Lorenzo Elena , Irigoyen Jaione , Pastor Pau ,   The Iberian Parkinson's Disease Genetics Study Group Researchers
Published: January 2011

AbstractBackground: Parkinson's disease (PD) and essential tremor (ET) may share some etiopathogenic factors. A genome‐wide association study has shown that LINGO1 gene variants are associated with increased risk of ET. We hypothesized that LINGO1 variants could increase susceptibility to PD. Methods: A large series of PD subjects and healthy controls were genotyped for rs9652490 and rs11856808 LINGO1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Results: We found an increased frequency of the rs11856808T/T genotype in PD compared with controls (odds ratio = 1.46; corrected P value = 0.02). A recessive genetic model was the best fit for rs11856808 influence on PD (recessive gene action test: corrected P value = 0.01). Stratification analysis showed that rs11856808T/T genotype frequency was higher in the tremor‐dominant PD and the classical PD (C‐PD) subgroups (recessive gene action test for the C‐PD subgroup: corrected P value = 0.004). Discussion: Our results indicate that LINGO1 variants could increase risk of PD, specifically those presenting the non‐rigid‐akinetic phenotypes, which suggests that LINGO1 may have a role in the etiology of tremor in PD at least in the Spanish population. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
A climate model for predicting the abundance of Aedes mosquitoes in Hong Kong
Authors: Wong M. C. , Mok H. Y. , Ma H. M. , Lee M. W. , Fok M. Y. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractAedes albopictus, which can transmit Dengue fever, is one of the common mosquitoes in Hong Kong. To study the effect of weather on the abundance of Aedes mosquitoes in Hong Kong, ovitraps were set up at an unperturbed experimental site for a period of 7 days every month to record the Ovitrap Index, an often‐adopted parameter to indicate the abundance of mosquitoes at a site, from July 2007 to June 2009. Analysis of the Ovitrap Indices at the experimental site and the weather elements collected from a nearby automatic weather station in the same period showed that the Ovitrap Indices were highly correlated with the mean air temperature over a 22 day period comprising the preceding 15 days and the 7 days when the ovitraps were in place, as well as the total rainfall over the 15 day period prior to the setting up of the ovitraps. A Climate Aedes Mosquitoes Abundance Model was developed based on the observations to predict the abundance of Aedes mosquitoes in Hong Kong. The model can provide a useful tool for planning of preventive and control measures against Aedes mosquitoes in Hong Kong. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society
An attempt for improving MODIS atmospheric temperature profiles products in clear sky
Authors: Rahimzadegan Majid , Mobasheri M. Reza 
Published: January 2011

AbstractRetrieving atmospheric temperature profile (TP) data through satellite thermal radiative measurement has gained lots of attentions in recent years. These retrieved profiles may involve some uncertainties. Although different methods have been introduced to minimize these uncertainties, they are time consuming and complicated. This work, based on the available methods, presents an approach for improving the clear sky TP calculation in two stages. In the first stage, a radiosonde mean TP is introduced to the radiation transfer equation and the deviation from this profile is calculated. In the second stage, by correcting the slope of this new profile and then using this new slope and land surface temperature, the improved TP for each pixel in the scene is calculated. A comparison between the model output TP and the one measured by radiosonde in steps of 100 m shows root mean square errors between 0.38 and 3.86 K. This shows considerable improvement compared to the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) products. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society
Cloud detection in Meteosat Second Generation imagery at the Met Office
Authors: Hocking James , Francis Peter N. , Saunders Roger 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe Met Office has been using data from the Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI) on board the Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) satellites for nowcasting, assimilation in numerical weather prediction (NWP) and for providing guidance to forecasters since September 2004. This paper describes the cloud mask derived from MSG imagery which is used by all downstream products. The Met Office SEVIRI mask is compared with that of the Nowcasting Satellite Applications Facility (SAFNWC), and with the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectro‐Radiometer (MODIS) cloud mask. These comparisons show good agreement between the cloud masks: the Met Office and SAFNWC masks are in accord with the MODIS mask for 90.65% and 89.69% of SEVIRI pixels tested, respectively. © Crown Copyright 2011. Published with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and the Queen's Printer for Scotland
Analytical layer‐element method for non‐axisymmetric consolidation of multilayered soils
Authors: Ai Zhi Yong , Zeng Wen Ze 
Published: January 2011

SUMMARYA numerically efficient and stable method is developed to analyze Biot's consolidation of multilayered soils subjected to non‐axisymmetric loading in arbitrary depth. By the application of a Laplace–Hankel transform and a Fourier expansion, the governing equations are solved analytically. Then, the analytical layer‐element (i.e. a symmetric stiffness matrix) describing the relationship between generalized displacements and stresses of a layer is exactly derived in the transformed domain. Considering the continuity conditions between adjacent layers, the global stiffness matrix of multilayered soils is obtained by assembling the inter‐related layer‐elements. Once the solution in the Laplace–Hankel transformed domain that satisfies the boundary conditions has been obtained, the actual solution can be derived by the inversion of the Laplace–Hankel transform. Finally, numerical examples are presented to verify the theory and to study the influence of the layered soil properties and time history on the consolidation behavior. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluation of excavation‐induced relaxation and its application to an arch dam foundation
Authors: Chen S. H. , Wang G. J. , Zhou H. , Wang W. M. , Zou L. C. 
Published: January 2011

SUMMARYBased on the damage mechanism of rock during excavation, the maximum tensile strain criterion for pinpointing relaxation region or excavation‐disturbed (damage) zone (EDZ) is introduced. To simulate the deformation and stress redistribution caused by the deterioration of the deformation and strength parameters in the EDZ, the ‘restraint‐relaxation’ finite element algorithm is formulated using the deformation and strength parameters of pre‐and post‐relaxation. The Xiaowan arch dam project (292 m high) is studied by the proposed method, in which the permissible tensile strain and fluidity parameter are evaluated using back analysis. The computation results have good agreement with the field monitoring. An important inference from the study is the necessity of considering the relaxation effects on the dam/foundation system during the construction and operation period. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Strain‐softening analysis of a spherical cavity
Authors: Wang Shuilin , Yin Shunde , Wu Zhenjun 
Published: January 2011

SUMMARYThis paper studies the excavation of a spherical cavity subjected to hydrostatic initial stresses in the infinite homogeneous and isotropic rock mass with strain‐softening Mohr–Coulomb (M‐C) and Hoek–Brown (H‐B) behaviors. Numerical solutions of the spherical cavity are obtained and the application to determining stress–strain curve of strain‐softening M‐C and H‐B rock mass is studied. A closed‐form solution for the elastic–brittle–plastic medium is introduced first, and then a numerical procedure that simplifies the strain‐softening process into a series of brittle–plastic ones is presented. The approach is validated against the facts that the strain‐softening process evolves into a brittle–plastic one when the softening slope is very steep, whereas it evolves into an elasto‐plastic one when the softening slope approaches zero. Numerical solutions for the prediction of displacements and stresses around the spherical cavity in the strain‐softening M‐C and H‐B rock mass are presented. On the basis of the analysis of the spherical cavity in strain‐softening rock mass, the stress–strain relationship at an infinitesimal cube around the cavity is obtained and discussed with different evolution laws for the strength parameters considered. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Rock nail reinforcement of a free surface
Authors: Papamichos Euripides , Vardoulakis Ioannis 
Published: January 2011

SUMMARYRock nailing of the surface instability test specimen is considered as a means to reinforce the rock and increase its free surface strength (FSS). This technique is modeled using Cox's original shear‐lag method. In the continuum sense, nail reinforcement is modeled as a body force that acts as a confinement. Results are presented for a single nail in a surface instability test specimen and for a nail‐reinforced test specimen with a given nail density. The results show that nail length and the nail–rock contact modulus are important parameters. The effect of nail reinforcement increases with the second power of nail length. Rock dilation is also important since the action of the nails is mobilized from the difference in displacement between the rock and the nail. The results show the potential for a significant increase in the FSS of the rock. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Rapid and novel prenatal molecular assay for detecting aneuploidies and microdeletion syndromes
Authors: Gross Susan J. , Bajaj Komal , Garry David , Klugman Susan , Karpel Barry M. , Marie Roe Anne , Wagner Brian J. , Zhan Jenny , Apfelroth Stephen D. , Schreiber‐Agus Nicole 
Published: January 2011

AbstractObjectivesTo develop a targeted aneuploidy and microdeletion detection platform for use in the prenatal setting, to assess the integrity of the platform with a robust validation system, and to prospectively determine the performance of the platform under routine clinical conditions.MethodsTo generate proxies for the various disorders assessed by the assay for analytical validation purposes, cells from ten microdeletion syndromes as well as from common aneuploidies were spiked into cleared amniotic fluid. Genomic DNA was isolated, labeled, and hybridized to microbeads that have been coupled to DNA derived from Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) from the relevant regions targeted by the array. Beads were read using a flow cytometric multiplex bead array detection system. In the prospective part of the study, 104 amniotic fluid samples were collected and analyzed.ResultsAll microdeletion syndromes and aneuploidies were validated in a blinded fashion. In the prospective study, the total number of readable samples was 101 of 104 (97%). All sample results were confirmed independently.ConclusionThe bead array approach is a rapid and reliable test for detecting aneuploidies and microdeletions. This assay has the potential to provide the benefit of expanded molecular cytogenetic testing to pregnant women undergoing invasive prenatal diagnosis. This approach may be especially useful in parts of the world where cytogenetic personnel and facilities may be limited. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gene expression in chorionic villous samples at 11 weeks of gestation in women who develop pre‐eclampsia later in pregnancy: implications for screening
Authors: Farina Antonio , Zucchini Cinzia , De Sanctis Paola , Morano Danila , Sekizawa Akihiko , Purwosunu Yuditiya , Okai Takashi , Rizzo Nicola 
Published: January 2011

AbstractObjectivesTo determine the gene expression profile in chorionic villous samples (CVSs) of women destined to develop pre‐eclampsia (PE).MethodCase‐control study encompassing five women destined to develop PE [cases matched for gestational age with 30 controls]. We quantified mRNA expression on tissue samples from CVS of normal and PE patients. We then assessed mRNA expressions of cathepsin (CTSD), angiopoietin 2 (ANGPT2), interleukin 8, chemokine (C‐X‐C motif) ligand 10, neurokinin B (NKB), matrix metallopeptidase 9, major histocompatibility complex, class I, C (HLA‐C)and human leukocyte antigen‐G (HLA‐G). Data were analyzed by nonparametric rank analysis.ResultsFor all the mRNA species considered in this study, except CTSD and ANGPT2, all the mean observed ranks in the PE group were significantly altered compared with the rank expectation among controls. mRNA for NKB and HLA‐C were the markers with the highest degree of aberration in PE, compared with those in controls.ConclusionOur study has directly showed that gene expressions relating to trophoblastic cell invasion or utero‐placental hemodynamic adaptation are altered in the first trimester trophoblasts that go on to develop PE later. These results posit the use of residual CVS as a possible screening method for PE. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A predictive model of short cervix at 20–24 weeks using first‐trimester cervical length measurement and maternal history
Authors: Souka A. P. , Papastefanou I. , Michalitsi V. , Papadopoulos G. K. , Kassanos D. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractObjectivesTo develop a model for the prediction of short cervix ( ≤ 15 mm) at 20–24 weeks by combining maternal history and transvaginal ultrasonographic measurement of cervical length at 11–14 weeks. To explore the value of an additional ultrasound examination of the cervix at about 17 weeks.MethodsLongitudinal prospective study in 800 unselected pregnant women presenting for first‐trimester ultrasound assessment by nuchal translucency and serum biochemistry. Cervical length was evaluated transvaginally between 11 weeks and 13 weeks and 6 days (cx1), at 16–19 weeks (cx2) and 20–24 weeks (cx3). Backward multiple logistic regression analysis with cx3 ≤ 15 mm as the dependent variable was used to identify the predictors of a short cervix at 20–24 weeks.ResultsCx1 and history of preterm delivery were significant independent contributors of a short cervix at 20–24 weeks [area under the curve (AUC 0.808, p < 0.001, Model) 1]. Furthermore, the cx1/cx2 ratio was a significant independent predictor of a short cervix at 20–24 weeks (odds ratio = 58.325 p = 0.012). The addition of the cx1/cx2 ratio improved the model (AUC = 0.878, p < 0.001, Model 2).ConclusionsA short cervix at 20–24 weeks can be predicted at the 11–14 weeks scan. The addition of a cervical measurement at about 17 weeks can improve the prediction model. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Increasing off‐label use of antipsychotic medications in the United States, 1995–2008
Authors: Alexander G. C. , Gallagher S. A. , Mascola A. , Moloney R. M. , Stafford R. S. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate patterns of antipsychotic use.Design, setting, and measurementsWe used nationally representative data from the IMS Health National Disease and Therapeutic Index to describe outpatient antipsychotic use. The primary outcome was the volume of visits where antipsychotics were used for specific indications (treatment visits). We also quantified use without U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval (off‐label use) and off‐label use with compendium data suggesting an uncertain evidence base.ResultsAntipsychotic use increased from 6.2 million (M) treatment visits (95% CI, 5.4–7.0) in 1995 to 16.7 M visits (15.5–18.2) in 2006, then declined to 14.3 M visits (13.0–15.6) by 2008. A shift occurred from typical agents in 1995 (84% of all antipsychotic visits) to atypical agents by 2008 (93%). As they declined, typical medications shifted toward use in schizophrenia (30% in 1995 to 48% 2008). In contrast, use of atypical agents expanded for bipolar affective disorder (10 to 34%), remained stable for depression (12 to 14%), and declined for schizophrenia (56 to 23%). Overall, antipsychotic use for indications without FDA approval increased from 4.4 M visits in 1995 to 9.0 M in 2008. The estimated cost associated with off‐label use in 2008 was US$6.0 billion.ConclusionsAtypical use has grown far beyond substitution for the now infrequently used typical agents. Antipsychotics are increasingly used for conditions where FDA approval and associated clinical evidence is less certain. Despite the value of innovation, the benefits of widening atypical antipsychotic use should be weighed against their cost, regulatory status, and incomplete nature of available evidence. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Equal‐channel multiangular extrusion of semicrystalline polymers
Authors: Beloshenko V.A. , Varyukhin V.N. , Voznyak A.V. , Voznyak Yu.V. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractPotentialities of a new simple shear‐based scheme of the solid‐phase extrusion of polymers, named the equal channel multiple angular extrusion (ECMAE), for modification of semicrystalline polymer structure have been investigated by the example of low‐ and high‐density polyethylene (LDPE, HDPE), polyamide‐6 (PA‐6), and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The effects of velocity and extrusion temperature, plastic deformation intensity, and accumulated equivalent plastic strain value on properties of a number of crystallizing polymers have been studied. It has been shown that the highest strength characteristics are attained for the extrusion temperatures of (0.8–0.95) of the melting temperature and deformation velocity of (0.6–1.1) mm s−1. For the ECMAE‐processed specimens, the density, the enthalpy, and the melting temperature have become higher. In the oriented structure of semicrystalline polymers formed by the ECMAE, the lamellae are oriented along the extrudate axis. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2010. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers
In silico discovery and experimental validation of new protein–protein interactions
Authors: van Haagen Herman H. H. B. M. , 't Hoen Peter A. C. , de Morrée Antoine , van Roon‐Mom Willeke M. C. , Peters Dorien J. M. , Roos Marco , Mons Barend , van Ommen Gert‐Jan , Schuemie Martijn J. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractWe introduce a framework for predicting novel protein–protein interactions (PPIs), based on Fisher's method for combining probabilities of predictions that are based on different data sources, such as the biomedical literature, protein domain and mRNA expression information. Our method compares favorably to our previous method based on text‐mining alone and other methods such as STRING. We evaluated our algorithms through the prediction of experimentally found protein interactions underlying Muscular Dystrophy, Huntington's Disease and Polycystic Kidney Disease, which had not yet been recorded in protein–protein interaction databases. We found a 1.74‐fold increase in the mean average prediction precision for dysferlin and a 3.09‐fold for huntingtin when compared to STRING. The top 10 of predicted interaction partners of huntingtin were analysed in depth. Five were identified previously, and the other five were new potential interaction partners. The full matrix of human protein pairs and their prediction scores are available for download. Our framework can be extended to predict other types of relationships such as proteins in a complex, pathway or related disease mechanisms.
Global identification of miR‐373‐regulated genes in breast cancer by quantitative proteomics
Authors: Yan Guang‐Rong , Xu Song‐Hui , Tan Zi‐Lu , Liu Langxia , He Qing‐Yu 
Published: January 2011

AbstractAlthough microRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to play an important role in carcinogenesis, their molecular mechanism remains largely unknown because of our limited understanding of miRNA target genes. miR‐373 was found to be capable of promoting breast cancer invasion and metastasis, but only a target gene was experimentally identified on the basis of mRNA expression analysis. In this study, we used SILAC‐based quantitative proteomics to globally identify the genes regulated by miR‐373. Totally, 3666 proteins were identified, and 335 proteins were found to be regulated by miR‐373. Among the 192 proteins that were downregulated by miR‐373, 27 (14.1%) were predicted to have at least one potential match site at their 3′‐UTR for miR‐373 seed sequence. However, miR‐373 did not affect the mRNA level of the five selected candidate targets, TXNIP, TRPS1, RABEP1, GRHL2 and HIP1, suggesting that the protein expressions were regulated by miR‐373 via translational inhibition instead of mRNA degradation. Luciferase and mutation assays validated that TXNIP and RABEP1 were the direct target genes of miR‐373. More than 30 proteins reported to be involved in cancer invasion and metastasis were found to be regulated by miR‐373 in breast cancer for the first time.
Visualize: A free and open source multifunction tool for proteomics data analysis
Authors: Halligan Brian D. , Greene Andrew S. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractA major challenge in the field of high‐throughput proteomics is the conversion of the large volume of experimental data that is generated into biological knowledge. Typically, proteomics experiments involve the combination and comparison of multiple data sets and the analysis and annotation of these combined results. Although there are some commercial applications that provide some of these functions, there is a need for a free, open source, multifunction tool for advanced proteomics data analysis. We have developed the Visualize program that provides users with the abilities to visualize, analyze, and annotate proteomics data; combine data from multiple runs, and quantitate differences between individual runs and combined data sets. Visualize is licensed under GNU GPL and can be downloaded from http://proteomics.mcw.edu/visualize. It is available as compiled client‐based executable files for both Windows and Mac OS X platforms as well as PERL source code.
The good, the bad, the ugly: Validating the mass spectrometric analysis of modified peptides
Authors: Beck Florian , Lewandrowski Urs , Wiltfang Matthias , Feldmann Ingo , Geiger Jörg , Sickmann Albert , Zahedi René Peiman 
Published: January 2011

AbstractMass spectrometric characterization of protein modifications is usually based on single peptides. With the advent of large‐scale PTM‐focussed MS studies, vast amounts of data are generated continuously, providing biologists extremely valuable and virtually never‐ending sources for targeted functional research. However, even more than for proteomics in general, appropriate strategies for quality control of the different steps of the analytical strategy are imperative to prevent functional researchers from doing Sisyphos work on false‐positive and unconfident PTM assignments. Here, we describe strategies to address the important issue of quality control for PTM analysis on various levels of the analytical pipeline: sample preparation/processing, analysis/identification and finally data interpretation, for qualitative as well as quantitative studies.