bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Continued growth of the hip after fixation of slipped capital femoral epiphysis using a single cannulated screw with a proximal threading
Authors: Sailhan Frédéric , Courvoisier Aurélien , Brunet Océane , Chotel Franck , Berard Jérôme 
Published: January 2011

Background The most commonly used method for unstable slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) remains in situ fixation. Depending on the surgeon's preference, screws or Kirschner wires are used for stabilizing the slipped upper femoral epiphysis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of a single cannulated screw with a proximal threading to ensure stabilization, growth, and remodeling of the slipped epiphysis. Methods A retrospective study was performed identifying 23 children treated for unstable SCFE under 50° by means of a single cannulated screw with proximal threading. All patients attended a radiological evaluation immediately after surgery and at physeal closure. The width of the epiphysis cut by the Klein line, the width and length of the femoral neck, the centrocalcar distance (CCD) angle, and the articulotrochanteric distance (ATD) were evaluated. Results All patients had a stabilized epiphysis at the last follow-up, with no case of recurring slip. Radiological comparison of the affected side between the preoperative and the last follow-up evaluation showed a statistically significant improvement in the neck length and width. Conclusion Fixation of the epiphysis using proximally threaded screws allows the preservation of femoral neck growth. The cannulated screw with proximal threading seems to be a safe and relevant implant to help to restore a close-to-normal hip at skeletal maturity.
Human aspects of internet services: considering the needs of users and providers
Authors: Pinhanez Claudio S. 
Published: January 2011

Abstract
This paper discusses the need and possible forms of human interfaces to Internet services, challenging the common notion that Internet services are simply computer-computer systems governed by machine protocols with little need of concern for human issues. We first examine the case where Internet services are provided to human users, showing that the user-system interaction becomes a typical service relationship, which can be better understood in the framework of Service Science. Based on the six basic characteristics of services we explore 15 issues which should be taken in account when designing human interfaces for Internet services. We also depart from traditional HCI by arguing that the fundamental goal of the human interface of an Internet service is to create and maintain a relationship with the user. We then look into Internet services being used by computer applications, where we discuss the need of a backdoor human interface for the maintenance and control people working in the Internet service provision system. Both situations have been little explored by the Internet services or the HCI fields of research.
Procedural influences on judgments and behavioral decisions
Authors: Wyer Robert S. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractIndividuals' decisions are not only influenced by their immediate objective and the relevance of the available information to the attainment of this objective. When several different cognitive procedures could be used to make a decision, the nature of this decision can depend on the procedure that happens to be used. The selection of this procedure, which might come into play at different stages of cognitive functioning, can be affected by factors that are totally irrelevant to the judgment or decision to be made or to the goal that is being pursued. In fact, procedures that have been employed in one situation can influence behavior in a quite different situation in the pursuit of a quite unrelated objective. Examples of these effects are reviewed and interpreted in terms of three basic principles of cognitive functioning that pertain to cognitive efficiency, knowledge accessibility and the impact of subjective experience.
Pleistocene–Holocene environmental change in the Canary Archipelago as inferred from the stable isotope composition of land snail shells
Authors: Yanes Yurena , Yapp Crayton J. , Ibáñez Miguel , Alonso María R. , De-la-Nuez Julio , Quesada María L. , Castillo Carolina , Delgado Antonio 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe isotopic composition of land snail shells was analyzed to investigate environmental changes in the eastern Canary Islands (28–29°N) over the last ~ 50 ka. Shell δ13C values range from −8.9‰ to 3.8‰. At various times during the glacial interval (~ 15 to ~ 50 ka), moving average shell δ13C values were 3‰ higher than today, suggesting a larger proportion of C4 plants at those periods. Shell δ18O values range from −1.9‰ to 4.5‰, with moving average δ18O values exhibiting a noisy but long-term increase from 0.1‰ at ~ 50 ka to 1.6–1.8‰ during the LGM (~ 15–22 ka). Subsequently, the moving average δ18O values range from 0.0‰ at ~ 12 ka to 0.9‰ at present. Calculations using a published snail flux balance model for δ18O, constrained by regional temperatures and ocean δ18O values, suggest that relative humidity at the times of snail activity fluctuated but exhibited a long-term decline over the last ~ 50 ka, eventually resulting in the current semiarid conditions of the eastern Canary Islands (consistent with the aridification process in the nearby Sahara). Thus, low-latitude oceanic island land snail shells may be isotopic archives of glacial to interglacial and tropical/subtropical environmental change.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WEIGHT LOSS AND TIME AND RISK PREFERENCE PARAMETERS: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Authors: TAKADA AKEMI , NAKAMURA RYOTA , FURUKAWA MASAKAZU , TAKAHASHI YOSHIMITSU , NISHIMURA SHUZO , KOSUGI SHINJI 
Published: January 2011

SummaryThis study aimed to assess the effectiveness of intervention (specifically, intervention by telephone and mails, known as ‘tele-care’) relative to self-help as a weight-loss method. The question of whether there is a correlation between changes in two preference parameters – time discounting (i.e. impatience) and risk aversion – and the level of commitment was examined. The study, spanning a period of 24 weeks in 2006–2007, comprised 118 participants, each of whom was randomly assigned to either the tele-care or the self-help group. A public-health nurse provided support through telephone and mail communications to the tele-care group, aiming to reduce their calorie intake and increase exercise via this intervention. There was a significant decrease in the body weight of the participants of the tele-care group from the baseline; however, there were no significant differences in the weight loss, median time discounting or risk aversion between the two groups. The subsequent analysis for weight loss with changes in time and risk parameters revealed a significant difference in the weight loss in the time-discounting–loss and risk-aversion–gain groups. From the results of the multiple regression analysis, the time discounting was noted to be associated with age, initial BMI and marital status among men, and risk aversion was associated with age and job status among women. There is a possibility that a decrease in time discounting and increase in risk aversion might correlate with the weight loss or effectiveness of commitment in this trial. This study suggests that time discounting and risk aversion may be useful in anti-obesity efforts, since they are accurate criteria of behavioural patterns associated with weight problems.
Microvascular decompression may be an effective treatment for nervus intermedius neuralgia
Authors: Saers S J F , Han K S , de Ru J A 
Published: January 2011

AbstractObjective:To report microvascular decompression as a possible effective treatment for patients with nervus intermedius neuralgia, and to contribute to the literature regarding both this syndrome and this specific form of treatment.Method:Case report of a patient with intermedius neuralgia. The main complaint was severe otalgia in the area innervated by the nervus intermedius, possibly caused by neurovascular compression of the nervus intermedius by the anterior inferior cerebellar artery. Microvascular decompression was undertaken, with good results.Results:Post-operatively, the patient felt immediate and total relief of her otalgia, with normal facial nerve function and no otological morbidity. One year post-operatively, she was still free from otalgia.Conclusion:Patients with nervus intermedius neuralgia who do not respond to medical treatment may benefit from microvascular decompression.
Optic nerve compression in allergic fungal sinusitis
Authors: Thakar A , Lal P , Dhiwakar M , Bahadur S 
Published: January 2011

AbstractObjective:To describe the syndrome of optic nerve involvement in cases of allergic fungal sinusitis.Setting:Academic tertiary care centre.Methods:Analysis of prospectively accrued data for 10 consecutive cases (three bilateral, giving 13 eyes) with visual loss secondary to optic nerve compression, from a total of 70 cases of allergic fungal sinusitis undergoing surgical treatment between June 1997 and May 2007.Results:The mean duration of rhinological symptoms prior to the onset of visual loss was 22 months. At presentation, visual loss ranged from a visual acuity of 6/12 to complete loss of light perception. Bilateral involvement was noted in three of the 10 cases. Urgent surgical decompression with removal of all fungal debris and decompression of the optic nerve resulted in visual recovery in seven of the 13 eyes. On univariate analysis, recovery was less likely in cases with long standing visual loss, and in cases with complete visual loss.Conclusion:Long standing allergic fungal sinusitis may be complicated by visual loss due to compression of the optic nerve. Urgent surgery to clear the sinuses and decompress the optic nerve is successful in reversing visual loss in cases with partial visual loss.
Middle-ear surgery under sedation: comparison of midazolam alone or midazolam with remifentanil
Authors: Lee J J , Lee J H 
Published: January 2011

AbstractObjective:Performance of middle-ear surgery under local anaesthesia has several advantages, but many patients complain of pain, anxiety and adverse events (e.g. dizziness and nausea). To minimise such problems, we compared sedation with midazolam alone versus midazolam with remifentanil.Patients and methods:We initially observed 19 patients undergoing middle-ear surgery under local anaesthesia, as controls. We then sedated a further 40 patients undergoing such surgery, with either midazolam or midazolam plus remifentanil.Results:The sedated patients had significantly lower incidences of local anaesthesia injection pain (p < 0.001), intra-operative pain (p < 0.001), intra-operative anxiety (p < 0.001) and adverse events, compared with the control group. Patients sedated with midazolam plus remifentanil reported less intra-operative anxiety (p = 0.010) and greater post-operative satisfaction with sedation (p = 0.007), compared with those sedated with midazolam only.Conclusion:Patients undergoing middle-ear surgery under local anaesthesia alone frequently report pain, anxiety and adverse events. However, the majority of our patients who were sedated with midazolam satisfactorily overcame pain, anxiety and adverse events. Results were better still when midazolam was accompanied by remifentanil.
Differences in temperament and character dimensions in patients with bipolar I or II or major depressive disorder and general population subjects
Authors: Jylhä P. , Mantere O. , Melartin T. , Suominen K. , Vuorilehto M. , Arvilommi P. , Holma I. , Holma M. , Leppämäki S. , Valtonen H. , Rytsälä H. , Isometsä E. 
Published: January 2011

BackgroundWhether temperament and character differ between bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) patients and general population subjects, or between BD I and BD II patients, remains unclear.MethodBD patients (n=191) from the Jorvi Bipolar Study and MDD patients (n=266) from the Vantaa Depression Study (VDS) and the Vantaa Primary Care Depression Study were interviewed at baseline, at 6 and 18 months, and in the VDS at 5 years. A general population comparison group (n=264) was surveyed by mail. BD patients' scores on the Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised were compared at an index interview, when levels of depression and mania were lowest, with scores of MDD patients and controls. BD I (n=99) and BD II (n=92) patients were compared.ResultsCompared with controls, both BD and MDD patients had higher harm avoidance [odds ratio (OR) 1.027, p<0.001 and OR 1.047, p<0.001, respectively] and lower persistence (OR 0.983, p=0.006 and OR 0.968, p<0.001, respectively) scores. Moreover, BD patients had lower self-directedness (OR 0.979, p=0.003), MDD patients lower reward dependence (OR 0.976, p=0.002) and self-transcendence (OR 0.966, p<0.001) scores. BD patients scored lower in harm avoidance (OR 0.980, p=0.002) and higher in novelty seeking (OR 1.027, p<0.001) and self-transcendence (OR 1.028, p<0.001) than MDD patients. No differences existed between BD I and II patients.ConclusionsThe patterns of temperament and character dimensions differed less between BD and MDD patients, than patients from their controls. The most pronounced difference was higher novelty seeking in BD than MDD patients. The dimensions investigated are unlikely to differ between BD I and BD II patients.
Biomolecular modeling and simulation: a field coming of age
Authors: Schlick Tamar , Collepardo-Guevara Rosana , Halvorsen Leif Arthur , Jung Segun , Xiao Xia 
Published: January 2011

AbstractWe assess the progress in biomolecular modeling and simulation, focusing on structure prediction and dynamics, by presenting the field's history, metrics for its rise in popularity, early expressed expectations, and current significant applications. The increases in computational power combined with improvements in algorithms and force fields have led to considerable success, especially in protein folding, specificity of ligand/biomolecule interactions, and interpretation of complex experimental phenomena (e.g. NMR relaxation, protein-folding kinetics and multiple conformational states) through the generation of structural hypotheses and pathway mechanisms. Although far from a general automated tool, structure prediction is notable for proteins and RNA that preceded the experiment, especially by knowledge-based approaches. Thus, despite early unrealistic expectations and the realization that computer technology alone will not quickly bridge the gap between experimental and theoretical time frames, ongoing improvements to enhance the accuracy and scope of modeling and simulation are propelling the field onto a productive trajectory to become full partner with experiment and a field on its own right.
Counting models of genus one curves
Authors: SADEK MOHAMMAD 
Published: January 2011

AbstractLetCbe a soluble smooth genus one curve over a Henselian discrete valuation field. There is a unique minimal Weierstrass equation definingCup to isomorphism. In this paper we consider genus one equations of degreendefiningC, namely a (generalised) binary quartic whenn= 2, a ternary cubic whenn= 3 and a pair of quaternary quadrics whenn= 4. In general, minimal genus one equations of degreenare not unique up to isomorphism. We explain how the number of these equations varies according to the Kodaira symbol of the Jacobian ofC. Then we count these equations up to isomorphism over a number field of class number 1.
Irredundant families of subcubes
Authors: ELLIS DAVID 
Published: January 2011

AbstractWe consider the problem of finding the maximum possible size of a family of d-dimensional subcubes of the n-cube {0, 1}n, none of which is contained in the union of the others. (We call such a family ‘irredundant’). Aharoni and Holzman [1] conjectured that for d > n/2, the answer is $\({n \choose 2}\)$ (which is attained by the family of all d-subcubes containing a fixed point). We prove this in the case where all the subcubes go through either (0, 0, . . . , 0) or (1, 1, . . . , 1). We also give a new proof of an upper bound of Meshulam [6]. Finally, we consider the case d ≤ n/2. We give a probabilistic construction showing that in this case, Meshulam's upper bound is correct to within a constant factor. When n = 2d, we construct an irredundant family of size $\((1+\tfrac{1}{8}+o(1)){n \choose d}\)$.
The synchrony and diachrony of differential object marking in Paraguayan Guaraní
Authors: Shain Cory , Tonhauser Judith 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThis paper explores the synchrony and diachrony of differential object marking in Paraguayan Guaraní on the basis of a quantitative study of a corpus of naturally occurring data of the modern language and an investigation of object marking in a 17th-century catechism. We show that both animacy and topicality, but not definiteness, affect whether a direct object is marked in modern Guaraní, a finding that has implications for cross-linguistic theories of differential object marking, not all of which recognize topicality as a factor. We also find no categorical constraints on differential object marking in Guaraní, contrary to Bossong (1985b). Our study of the 17th-century catechism provides further support for Bossong's (1985b, 2009) claim that Guaraní did not have differential object marking when it came into contact with Spanish. The paper concludes with a discussion of the hypothesis that differential object marking in Guaraní resulted from contact with Spanish.
A SEM-EDS Study of Cultural Heritage Objects with Interpretation of Constituents and Their Distribution Using PARC Data Analysis
Authors: van Hoek Corrie J.G. , de Roo Michiel , van der Veer Grishja , van der Laan Sieger R. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractTwo cultural heritage objects studied with scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) are presented in this article: (1) archeological iron present in a soil sample and (2) a chip from a purple-colored area of an undisclosed 17th century painting. Novel PARC software was used to interpret the data in terms of quantitative distribution of mineral and organo-mineral phases as well as their chemical composition. The study serves to demonstrate the power of PARC rather than solving specific archeological issues. The observations on archeological iron potentially can assist in (1) studing the source of iron-metal and the style of forging, (2) learning about alteration processes of artifacts in the particular soil from which the sample originated, and (3) determining the nature of the fractures in the Fe-oxide envelope (desiccation of the sample after excavation, or as primary feature caused by volume change from oxidation). In the paint chip, 11 consecutive layers can be distinguished using the PARC software. In general, each layer consists of a carrier supporting inorganic fragments. In the basal layer the fragments are dominant; in the superimposed layers the carrier usually is. Both organic and inorganic carriers appear to be present. Organic carriers can contain typically inorganic constituents (e.g., Pb, Al), beyond the chemical spatial resolution of EDS (i.e., <1 μm).
AVIAN INFLUENZA OPTIMAL SEASONAL VACCINATION STRATEGY
Authors: AGUSTO F. B. , OGUNYE O. R. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractWe present an application of optimal control theory to a simple SIR disease model of avian influenza transmission dynamics in birds. Basic properties of the model, including the epidemic threshold, are obtained. Optimal control theory is adopted to minimize the density of infected birds subject to an appropriate system of ordinary differential equations. We conclude that an optimally controlled seasonal vaccination strategy saves more birds than when there is a low uniform vaccination rate as in resource-limited places.
Treatment of spasmodic vomiting and lower gastrointestinal distress related to travel anxiety
Authors: Seim Richard W. , Spates C. Richard , Naugle Amy E. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractGastrointestinal distress is a common symptom of anxiety. While these symptoms are usually transient and not severe, in some cases they can cause significant impairment. This report details the treatment of a 45-year-old male who presented with symptoms of diarrhoea and vomiting which occurred every time he travelled more than 10 miles away from his home. These symptoms arose suddenly and without warning, and on at least two occasions the vomiting was so severe that it caused the patient to vomit blood. Due to this problem, the patient had developed agoraphobia which had affected his life for over 15 years. The patient was treated in 14 sessions which involved educating him about gastrointestinal reactivity and having him perform a series of emotional tolerance, opposite-action, and real-life exposure exercises. After receiving treatment, the patient embarked on a series of vacations and business trips, all without experiencing diarrhoea or vomiting, and a follow-up assessment showed that the treatment gains were maintained 1 year later.
Collaborate in conservation: A method for volunteer-scientist teams to monitor plant community composition long-term in a private old-growth forest
Authors: Fleming Erin , Galvis Nelson , Loiselle Bette , Nerbonne Julia 
Published: January 2011

AbstractTo date, most studies on the management of invasive species have been done in nature reserves or national parks. Few published studies demonstrate how scientists and local communities might collaborate to develop science-based management programs in private forests. We present an example of such collaboration. The Congregational Summer Assembly (CSA) is a mixture of common and privately owned lots within old-growth beech-maple forest in Lower Michigan. The community is trying to conserve the forest and, thus, is interested in ecological variables that should be considered when designing a long-term ecosystem based management plan.In this base-line study we developed methods for volunteer-scientist teams to monitor 1) the abundance of established invasive species, 2) native species abundance, 3) local environmental conditions and 4) impacts of anthropogenic disturbances on the forest community composition. In July 2009 we constructed 30 permanent plots (20 m x 20 m), within which we counted and identified to species adult and juvenile trees. We counted and identified to species herbaceous plants and tree seedlings in five 2 m x 2 m quadrats nested within each plot. We measured environmental variables (% canopy, % bare soil, % woody debris and distance from road or building) in each quadrat.The CSA forest is under stress from anthropogenic disturbance and invasive species. Long-term monitoring of forest community composition could augment the efficacy of efforts to control invasive species at the CSA. The floristic quality index value (FQI), a unitless calculation of species per area, calculated for the CSA is 30 (based on 1.2-ha). FQI values calculated for the CSA in 2009 can be compared with those measured in later years to evaluate whether the plant community composition improves over time with management.Of 69 species found in plots, 9 were non-native, 3 of which were invasive. Invasive garlic mustard (Alliaria petiolata) and myrtle (Vinca minor) were the dominant understory species. Garlic mustard remains the priority for eradication efforts. With the exception of garlic mustard no invasive species were found in plots further than 20 m from roads and buildings. A volunteer-based monitoring program for early detection of “founder” populations of invasive species could be effective in controlling invasive species. The CSA acquired funds for the summer of 2010 to build demonstration plots to educate the community on invasive species removal. This study provides a template for scientists to collaborate with private communities interested in science-based management programs that promote conservation.