bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A theoretical forecast of the hydrogen bond changes in the electronic excited state for BN and its derivatives
Authors: Wang Dandan , Hao Ce , Wang Se , Dong Hong , Qiu Jieshan 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
The relationship between electronic spectral shifts and hydrogen-bonding dynamics in electronically excited states of the hydrogen-bonded complex is put forward. Hydrogen bond strengthening will induce a redshift of the corresponding electronic spectra, while hydrogen bond weakening will cause a blueshift. Time-dependent density function theory (TDDFT) was used to study the excitation energies in both singlet and triplet electronically excited states of Benzonitrile (BN), 4-aminobenzonitrile (ABN), and 4-dimethylaminobenzonitrile (DMABN) in methanol solvents. Only the intermolecular hydrogen bond C≡N...H-O was involved in our system. A fairly accurate forecast of the hydrogen bond changes in lowlying electronically excited states were presented in light of a very thorough consideration of their related electronic spectra. The deduction we used to depict the trend of the hydrogen bond changes in excited states could help others understand hydrogen-bonding dynamics more effectively.
Explicit construction of the classical BRST charge for nonlinear algebras
Authors: Bratchikov Andrei 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
We give an explicit formula for the Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin (BRST) charge associated with Poisson superalgebras. To this end, we split the master equation for the BRST charge into a pair of equations such that one of themis equivalent to the original one and find a solution to this equation. The solution possesses a graphical representation in terms of diagrams.
On the thermodynamics of phase transitions in metal hydrides
Authors: Vita Andrea 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
Metal hydrides are solutions of hydrogen in a metal, where phase transitions may occur depending on temperature, pressure etc. We apply Le Chatelier’s principle of thermodynamics to a particular phase transition in TiHx, which can approximately be described as a second-order phase transition. We show that the fluctuations of the order parameter correspond to fluctuations both of the density of H+ ions and of the distance between adjacent H+ ions. Moreover, as the system approaches the transition and the correlation radius increases, we show -with the help of statistical mechanics-that the statistical weight of modes involving a large number of H+ ions (‘collective modes’) increases sharply, in spite of the fact that the Boltzmann factor of each collective mode is exponentially small. As a result, the interaction of the H+ ions with collective modes makes a tiny suprathermal fraction of the H+ population appear. Our results hold for similar transitions in metal deuterides, too. A violation of an -insofar undisputed-upper bound on hydrogen loading follows.
Insomnia severity in chronic kidney disease patients with various therapies
Authors: Knezevic Marinela , Djordjevic Vladimir , Bivolarevic Ivana , Jovic Jelena , Djordjević Vidojko 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
The prevalence of insomnia is greater in end-stage renal disease. The aim of our study was to determine the frequency of insomnia and subclinical insomnia in patients with various dialysis therapy and kidney transplant recipients, in order to assess the severity of insomnia and examine whether there is a difference in severity among groups. In cross-sectional study, we evaluated 120 patients with terminal renal failure. Based on therapy, patients were divided into four groups: hemodiafiltration, standard bicarbonate dialysis, peritoneal dialysis and kidney transplant recipients. The severity of insomnia was evaluated through the use of the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). Most patients who reported any kind of insomnia problems with ISI were on conventional dialysis (80%), followed by hemodiafiltration (76.7%) and peritoneal dialysis (63.3%). Transplant recipients had least difficulties with insomnia (46.7%). Insomnia Severity Index showed that insomnia in end-stage renal patients is not very severe. Most of the patients had “no clinically significant insomnia”. Our findings indicate that patients on hemodiafiltration and transplant recipients have a significantly lower score on Insomnia Severity Index. Patients with end-stage renal disease have high frequency insomnia problems. However, our study shows that insomnia in these patients is not severe. Insomnia is the most frequent and severest in patients on standard bicarbonate dialysis.
Intelligent Design Creationism and the Mechanisms of Postmodernity
Authors: Carbonell Curtis D. 
Published: November 2011

Abstract: This article provides a critical reading of Intelligent Design proponents' attempt to create a wedge in secular society to reinsert a theistic worldview. It argues they assert their wedge via the mechanisms of postmodernity: following Frederic Jameson, those informational elements of mass culture that allow them to present their ideas as an alternate to that posed by evolutionary biology. It centres on a representation (by the philosopher of science Robert Pennock) of Intelligent Design advocate, Philip E. Johnson as a postmodern thinker. This article revises Pennock, claiming that while Johnson does attack modern science in his project to champion Intelligent Design, Johnson is not a representative of many precepts of postmodernity. In particular, this chapter reads Johnson as clearly supporting a Christian metanarrative. Moreover, Johnson is a representative of a strategy formulated by the conservative organization, The Discovery Institute, and their campaign called the Wedge Strategy. Exemplified by an internal document leaked to the internet, “The Wedge” is a clearly explicated strategy to combat secular society.
“What we have here is a failure to communicate”: Same-Sex Marriage, Evangelicals, and the Canadian News Media
Authors: Haskell David M. 
Published: November 2011

Abstract: From the time it was introduced, evangelicals in Canada were fervently opposed to the federal government's same-sex marriage legislation and from 2003 to 2006 several evangelical organizations waged an extensive lobbying campaign against it. To persuade the public and federal politicians to support their position, these organizations employed a sophisticated communication strategy that focused on three core arguments. The arguments, which were worked into speeches, petitions, presentations, letters, and media-savvy talking points, were not based on theological ideals but secular, empirical data. This study content analyzed news coverage from Canada's national newspapers and national television news programs that focused on evangelicals and the same-sex marriage debate. Based on the extant literature it was hypothesized that in their news coverage, in order to mitigate the influence of the evangelicals' position (with which they disagreed), journalists would ignore/omit the evangelicals' three core, non-religious arguments for opposing same-sex marriage. The hypothesis was supported.
Religious Studies and Popular Fiction: What Does Dan Brown Have to Do With the Ivory Tower?
Authors: Scott Mark S. M. , Zuidema Jason 
Published: November 2011

Abstract: In this article the authors discuss the problems and prospects of engaging popular fiction in the academy, particularly in religious studies. Utilizing Dan Brown as the example par excellence, the authors argue that while Brown's novels, particularly The Lost Symbol, appeal to a culture of consumption, they nonetheless afford scholars a valuable opportunity to dialogue with audiences unfamiliar with the academic study of religion. When approached responsibly with the distinctive theories and methods of the discipline, popular fiction has the potential to serve as a productive pedagogical tool to promote religious studies as an intellectually stimulating and culturally relevant enterprise. Rather than ignore or inveigh against popular fiction because of its tendency toward misinformation, sensationalism, and superficiality, scholars of religion should harness the public enthusiasm that these works engender and redirect it toward constructive scholarly ends.
John, Paul, Jorge, and Ringo: Borges, Beatles, and the Metaphor of Celebrity Crucifixion
Authors: Timmons Nathan 
Published: November 2011

Abstract: Although the impact of fame on John Lennon's music and personae has been well documented, issues of celebrity are often overlooked in critical studies of Jorge Luis Borges. However, a comparison of their respective crucifixion narratives, “The Ballad of John and Yoko” and “The Gospel According to Mark,” which were completed almost synchronously in April 1969, illuminates striking thematic and personal similarities between the two writers during a time in which each was experiencing an unprecedented growth in popularity. As such, Lennon's life and music provide important lenses through which one can better interpret the meaning and context of Borges's later work.
Development of microsatellite loci for the endangered species Pityopsis ruthii (Asteraceae)
Authors: Wadl Phillip A. , Dattilo Adam J. , Scheffler Brian E. , Trigiano Robert N. 
Published: November 2011

• Premise of the study: Microsatellite loci were developed for the endangered species Pityopsis ruthii and will permit genetic and conservation studies of the species.• Methods and Results: A microsatellite‐enriched library was used to develop 12 polymorphic microsatellite loci for P. ruthii. The loci amplified perfect and imperfect repeats with three to seven alleles per locus. Observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.05 to 0.80 and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.23 to 0.75.• Conclusions: These microsatellite loci provide a sufficient set of markers for further investigation of population genetics of P. ruthii.
Perspectives européennes sur la politique de la concurrence dans l'espace OHADA
Authors: Drexl Josef 
Published: November 2011

Sur le plan supranational en Afrique, le droit de la concurrence est visé par les systèmes d’intégration existants ou émergents comme ceux de l’UEMOA en Afrique de l’Ouest et de la CEMAC en Afrique centrale. Par contre, jusqu’à l’heure actuelle, l’Organisation pour l’Harmonisation en Afrique du Droit des Affaires (OHADA) ne s’occupe pas du droit de la concurrence, ce qui pose la question de savoir si l’OHADA devrait avoir un rôle à jouer dans ce domaine. Le présent article aborde cette question dans une perspective européenne, en analysant l’approche de l’Union européenne en matière d’harmonisation du droit de la concurrence de ses États membres. En particulier, cette analyse met en relief les particularités du droit de la concurrence par rapport à d’autres matières du droit des affaires. Ces particularités peuvent expliquer les raisons pour lesquelles l’UE, jusqu’à maintenant, n’a pas harmonisé le droit de la concurrence dans les États membres. Mais la nécessité d’appliquer le droit de l’Union d’une manière décentralisée et les règles procédurales qui en résultent ont abouti à une harmonisation « souple » des droits nationaux. Pour l’OHADA, l’expérience européenne explique que la création d’une loi uniforme, en conformité avec l’approche traditionnelle de l’OHADA, ou la création d’un droit de la concurrence supranational de l’OHADA, qui s’ajouterait aux systèmes existants, ne produiraient guère des réponses adéquates. Par contre, l’article propose la création d’une politique concurrentielle pour l’Afrique, basée sur des recommandations ou des lignes directrices non contraignantes, qui pourraient être appliquées par les autorités nationales et supranationales existantes ou émergentes en Afrique subsaharienne. De même, il fait l’analyse critique de la politique de l’UE envers les pays en développement qui, dans le cadre des négociations pour des accords de partenariat économique (APE), pourrait facilement mener à un « regroupement géographique » des systèmes d’intégration économique en Afrique. Par conséquent, l’Europe ferait mieux de promouvoir l’idée d’un centre de politique de la concurrence africain qui, en formulant des recommandations ou des lignes directrices relatives à la politique de la concurrence pour l’Afrique, contribuerait davantage au développement durable des économies africaines et à leur intégration dans l’économie mondialisée.
Individus, familles, ménages, logements : les compter, les décrire
Authors: Toulemon Laurent 
Published: November 2011

Résumé Depuis quarante ans, les ménages se sont apparemment simplifiés : taille moyenne décroissante, raréfaction des ménages dits « complexes ». Cependant, certaines situations individuelles ne sont pas repérées par les recensements, qui affectent chaque habitant à un logement et un seul. Un rapide rappel des principales évolutions observées depuis quarante ans est suivi d’une comparaison plus détaillée des situations familiales telles qu’elles apparaissent dans les grandes opérations statistiques de l’Insee : le recensement, l’enquête sur l’Emploi et les autres enquêtes auprès des ménages, qui utilisent toutes un même « Tronc commun » dont la nouvelle version contient des informations très précises sur les relations au sein des ménages et les multi-résidences. Il ressort de ces données que les hommes vivent plus souvent que les femmes dans des situations floues : multi-résidence, couple non-cohabitant, enfants résidant à temps partiel en cas de rupture parentale.
Corps et sexualité chez les romancières tunisiennes
Authors: Kréfa Abir 
Published: November 2011

Résumé À partir d’une trentaine d’entretiens semi-directifs effectués auprès d’écrivain-e-s tunisien-ne-s contemporain-e-s, ainsi que de l’analyse de romans publiés par des écrivaines, l’article montre comment l’exclusion des femmes de l’espace littéraire ne s’explique pas uniquement par leurs difficultés à concilier charges domestiques et activité créatrice. Alors que l’expression littéraire du corps et de la sexualité figure dans l’horizon d’attente des critiques et des pairs et constitue un critère important d’évaluation d’une « bonne » œuvre, les écrivaines doivent faire face à une censure sociale disséminée, particulièrement forte dans l’espace familial et conjugal. L’accès de certaines romancières à la reconnaissance littéraire est dès lors conditionné par les diverses stratégies qu’elles ont pu mettre en œuvre, aussi bien dans leurs interactions ordinaires avec leur entourage que dans leurs textes romanesques.
Regulation of IFN-λ1 Promoter Activity (IFN-λ1/IL-29) in Human Airway Epithelial Cells
Authors: Siegel Rachael , Eskdale Joyce , Gallagher Grant 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
The type III (λ) IFNs (IFN-λ1, IFN-λ2, and IFN-λ3) and their receptor are the most recently discovered IFN family. They are induced by viruses and mediate antiviral activity, but type III IFNs have an important, specific functional niche at the immune/epithelial interface, as well as in the regulation of Th2 cytokines. Their expression appears diminished in bronchial epithelial cells of rhinovirus-infected asthmatic individuals. We investigated the regulation of IFN-λ1 expression in human airway epithelial cells using reporter genes analysis, chromatin immunoprecipitation, small interfering RNA knockdown, and DNase footprinting. In this article, we define the c-REL/p65 NF-κB heterodimer and IRF-1 as key transcriptional activators and ZEB1, B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein 1, and the p50 NF-κB homodimer as key repressors of the IFN-λ1 gene. We further show that ZEB1 selectively regulates type III IFNs. To our knowledge, this study presents the first characterization of any type III IFN promoter in its native context and conformation in epithelial cells and can now be applied to understanding pathogenic dysregulation of IFN-λ1 in human disease.
C5a Regulates NKT and NK Cell Functions in Sepsis
Authors: Fusakio Michael E. , Mohammed Javid P. , Laumonnier Yves , Hoebe Kasper , Köhl Jörg , Mattner Jochen 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
Complement, NKT, and NK cells play critical roles in the first line defense against pathogens. Functional roles for both C5a receptors, that is, complement receptor C5a (C5aR) and C5a receptor-like 2 (C5L2), in sepsis have been demonstrated. However, the role of C5a in innate lymphocyte activation during sepsis remains elusive. In this article, we show that naive NKT and NK cells already express high levels of C5aR and minor levels of C5L2 mRNA, but no protein. Upon Escherichia coli-induced sepsis, we found C5aR surface expression on subpopulations of NKT and NK cells, suggesting rapid translation into C5aR protein on bacterial encounter. Importantly, significantly increased survival in the absence of C5aR, NKT, and NK cells, but not of C5L2, was associated with reduced IFN-γ and TNF-α serum levels. Sepsis induction in C5aR+/C5aR− mixed bone marrow chimeras identified cognate engagement of C5aR on NKT cells as an important factor for the recruitment of NKT cells. Furthermore, we found synergistic interaction between C5aR and TLRs enhancing the production of TNF-α and IFN-γ from NKT and NK cells in cocultures with dendritic cells. Our results identify C5aR activation as a novel pathway driving detrimental effects of NKT and NK cells during early experimental sepsis.
Cutting Edge: Tissue-Retentive Lung Memory CD4 T Cells Mediate Optimal Protection to Respiratory Virus Infection
Authors: Teijaro John R. , Turner Damian , Pham Quynh , Wherry E. John , Lefrançois Leo , Farber Donna L. 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
We identify in this article a new class of lung tissue-resident memory CD4 T cells that exhibit tissue tropism and retention independent of Ag or inflammation. Tissue-resident memory CD4 T cells in the lung did not circulate or emigrate from the lung in parabiosis experiments, were protected from in vivo Ab labeling, and expressed elevated levels of CD69 and CD11a compared with those of circulating memory populations. Importantly, influenza-specific lung-resident memory CD4 T cells served as in situ protectors to respiratory viral challenge, mediating enhanced viral clearance and survival to lethal influenza infection. By contrast, memory CD4 T cells isolated from spleen recirculated among multiple tissues without retention and failed to mediate protection to influenza infection, despite their ability to expand and migrate to the lung. Our results reveal tissue compartmentalization as a major determining factor for immune-mediated protection in a key mucosal site, important for targeting local protective responses in vaccines and immunotherapies.
Encapsulation of Perchlorate Salts within Metal Oxides for Application as Nanoenergetic Oxidizers
Authors: Wu Chunwei , Sullivan Kyle , Chowdhury Snehaunshu , Jian Guoqiang , Zhou Lei , Zachariah Michael R. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractIn this work, high‐oxygen‐content strong oxidizer perchlorate salts were successfully incorporated into current nanothermite composite formulations. The perchlorates were encapsulated within mild oxidizer particles through a series of thermal decomposition, melting, phase segregation, and recrystallization processes, which occurred within confined aerosol droplets. This approach enables the use of hygroscopic materials by stabilizing them within a matrix. Several samples, including Fe2O3/KClO4, CuO/KClO4 and Fe2O3/NH4ClO4 composite oxidizer particles, have been created. The results show that these composite systems significantly outperform the single metal oxide system in both pressurization rate and peak pressure. The ignition temperatures for these mixtures are significantly lower than those of the metal oxides alone, and time‐resolved mass spectrometry shows that O2 release from the oxidizer also occurs at a lower temperature and with high flux. The results are consistent with O2 release being the controlling factor in determining the ignition temperature. High‐speed imaging clearly shows a much more violent reaction. The results suggest that a strategy of encapsulating a very strong oxidizer, which may not be environmentally compatible, within a more stable weak oxidizer offers the opportunity to both tune reactivity and employ materials that previously could not be considered.
A Zinc(II) Catalyst System for the Conia‐Ene Reaction of Alkynyl‐Aminomalonates Applicable to 5‐Endo‐Dig Reactions
Authors: Hess Wilfried , Burton Jonathan W. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe zinc(II)‐catalyzed 5‐exo‐dig (Conia‐ene) and 5‐endo‐dig cyclizations of a range of alkynyl‐α‐aminomalonates give rise to nitrogen heterocycles with good efficiency. The reaction allows the synthesis of a broad range of synthetically useful building blocks.
Organocatalytic Enantioselective Decarboxylative Addition of Malonic Acids Half Thioesters to Isatins
Authors: Hara Noriyuki , Nakamura Shuichi , Funahashi Yasuhiro , Shibata Norio 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe organocatalytic enantioselective decarboxylative addition of malonic acids half thioesters to isatins using a squaramide catalyst afforded the products with high enantioselectivity. These products are key intermediates in the synthesis of 3‐substituted 3‐hydroxy‐2‐oxindole derivatives. The first enantioselective synthesis of (−)‐flustraminol B has been accomplished.
Palladium(II)‐Catalyzed Direct ortho‐CH Acylation of Anilides by Oxidative Cross‐Coupling with Aldehydes using tert‐Butyl Hydroperoxide as Oxidant
Authors: Chan Chun‐Wo , Zhou Zhongyuan , Yu Wing‐Yiu 
Published: November 2011

AbstractAn efficient palladium‐catalyzed CH acylation with aldehydes using tert‐butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) transforms various anilides into synthetically useful 2‐aminobenzophenone derivatives under mild conditions (40 °C, 3 h). The acylation reaction exhibits excellent regioselectivity and functional group tolerance, and simple aromatic aldehydes, functionalized aliphatic aldehydes and heteroaromatic aldehydes are effective coupling partners. The acylation reaction is probably initiated by a rate‐limiting electrophilic CH cyclopalladation (kH/kD=3.6; ρ+=−0.74) to form an arylpalladium complex, followed by acyl radical functionalization.
Cinchona Alkaloid‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Direct Aldol Reaction of N‐Boc‐Oxindoles with Polymeric Ethyl Glyoxylate
Authors: Pesciaioli Fabio , Righi Paolo , Mazzanti Andrea , Gianelli Chiara , Mancinelli Michele , Bartoli Giuseppe , Bencivenni Giorgio 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe first enantioselective direct aldol addition of N‐Boc‐oxindoles to polymeric ethyl glyoxylate is presented. The reaction is performed by using as low as 0.1 mol% (DHQ)2PHAL and gives access to α‐hydroxycarboxylate derivatives bearing adjacent secondary alcohol and quaternary stereocenters with high levels of diastereo‐ and enantiocontrol. The use of ethyl glyoxylate in its polymeric form represents an important advantage for synthetic applications and allows us to directly install a C2 unit ready to be converted in useful building blocks. A further one‐pot protection/deprotection sequence catalyzed by Zn(ClO4)2⋅6 H2O preserved the α‐hydroxycarboxylates from racemization by means of a parasitic alcohol‐catalyzed retroaldol reaction.
Vascular Ehlers–Danlos syndrome presenting as rapidly progressive multiple arterial aneurysms and dissections
Authors: Mortani Barbosa Eduardo J. , Pyeritz Reed E. , Litt Harold , Desjardins Benoit 
Published: November 2011

AbstractLife expectancy in vascular Ehlers–Danlos syndrome (EDS) is shortened due to spontaneous rupture of arteries, the colon and the gravid uterus. Two adolescent males with vascular EDS illustrate rapid progression of arterial aneurysms, dissections, and rupture. Radiologic imaging played an important role in initially diagnosing and monitoring the evolution of arterial involvement. Both prophylactic and emergency management remain largely ineffective in this connective tissue disorder; however, noninvasive imaging may provide important prognostic information. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.