bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic factors derived from a prospective database dictate clinical biology of anal cancer
Authors: Ajani Jaffer A. , Winter Kathryn A. , Gunderson Leonard L. , Pedersen John , Benson Al B. , Thomas Charles R. , Mayer Robert J. , Haddock Michael G. , Rich Tyvin A. , Willett Christopher G. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Only 4 prospective randomized phase 3 trials have been reported for anal cancer. A prognostic factor analysis for anal cancer from a prospective database has been published from only 1 study (N = 110). To confirm and uncover new prognostic factors, we analyzed the prospective database of intergroup RTOG 98‐11.METHODS:Univariate and multivariate analyses of the baseline characteristics for 5‐year overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS) were carried out. Various combinations of tumor diameter and clinically positive nodes (N+) were analyzed to identify subgroups.RESULTS:A total of 644 were assessable and analyzed. Tumor diameter >5 cm was associated with poorer 5‐year DFS (P = .0003) and poorer 5‐year OS (P = .0031), and N+ was associated with poorer 5‐year DFS (P ≤ .0001) and poorer 5‐year OS (P = ≤ .0001) in the multivariate analysis. In stratified analyses, N+ had more adverse influence on DFS and OS than did tumor diameter. Patients with >5‐cm tumor and N+ had the worst DFS (only 30% at 3 years compared with 74% for the best group; <5 cm primary and N0) and OS (only 48% at 4 years compared with 81% for the best group; <5 cm primary and N0). Men had worse DFS (P = .02) and OS (P = .016). These factors maintained their influence in each treatment arm.CONCLUSIONS:This prospective prognostic factor analysis establishes tumor diameter as an independent prognosticator of poorer 5‐year DFS and OS and confirms N+ and male sex as poor prognostic factors. This analysis also uncovers novel subgroups (derived from combining prognostic factors) with incremental worsening of DFS and OS. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Population‐based analysis of occult primary breast cancer with axillary lymph node metastasis
Authors: Walker Gary V. , Smith Grace L. , Perkins George H. , Oh Julia L. , Woodward Wendy , Yu Tse‐Kuan , Hunt Kelly K. , Hoffman Karen , Strom Eric A. , Buchholz Thomas A. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Single‐institution data suggest that treatment with radiation and axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) may be an appropriate alternative to mastectomy for T0N+ breast cancer. Population‐based multi‐institutional data supporting this approach are lacking.METHODS:The cause‐specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) of women with T0N+M0 ductal, lobular, or mixed breast cancer in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database from 1983 to 2006 were analyzed. Groups were defined as: 1) no ALND, mastectomy, or RT (observation); 2) ALND only; 3) mastectomy plus ALND with or without postmastectomy radiation (Mast); and 4) breast‐conserving therapy (BCT) with ALND and radiation (BCT).RESULTS:In total, 750 of 770,030 patients with breast cancer had T0N+M0 disease (incidence, 0.10%), and 596 of those patients underwent ALND (79.5%). Patients who underwent Mast or BCT (n = 470) had a 10‐year OS rate of 64.9% compared with 58.5% for patients who underwent ALND only (n = 126; P = .02) and 47.5% for patients who underwent observation only (n = 94; P = .04). The 10‐year CSS rate was 75.7% for patients who underwent BCT versus 73.9% for patients who underwent Mast (P = .55). In multivariate analysis of CSS for patients who underwent Mast or BCT, the following factors were correlated with an unfavorable outcome: positive estrogen receptor status (hazard ratio [HR], 0.48; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.24‐0.96; P = .04), ≥10 positive lymph nodes (HR, 5.7; 95%CI, 2.4‐13.4; P ≤ .01), and <10 resected lymph nodes (HR, 42.9; 95%CI, 1.2‐7.1; P = .02). Mast did not improve CSS compared with BCT (HR, 1.09; 95%CI, 0.57‐2.1; P = .79).CONCLUSIONS:Definitive locoregional treatment with either Mast or BCT improved the outcome of patients with T0N+breast cancer, and no difference in survival was observed between the treatments. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Severe neutropenia at time of port insertion is not a risk factor for catheter‐associated infections in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Junqueira Beatriz L. P. , Connolly Bairbre , Abla Oussama , Tomlinson George , Amaral Joao G. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:The objective of this study was to determine whether severe neutropenia on the day of port‐a‐catheter (PORT) insertion was a risk factor for catheter‐associated infection (CAI) in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).METHODS:This was a retrospective study of children with ALL who had a PORT insertion between January 2005 and August 2008. Early (≤30 days) and late (>30 days) postprocedure complications were reviewed. The length of follow‐up ranged between 7 months and 42 months.RESULTS:In total, 192 PORTs were inserted in 179 children. There were 43 CAIs (22%), and the infection rate was 0.35 per 1000 catheter‐days. The CAI rate (15%) in children who had severe neutropenia on the day of the procedure did not differ statistically from the CAI rate (24%) in children who did not have severe neutropenia (P = .137). Conversely, patients with severe neutropenia who had a CAI were more likely to have their PORT removed (P = .019). The most common organisms to cause catheter removal were coagulase‐negative Staphylococcus and Staphylococcus aureus. Patients with high‐risk ALL had a statistically significant higher incidence of late CAI than patients with standard‐risk ALL (P = .012). Age (P = .272), positive blood culture preprocedure (P = 1.0), and dexamethasone use (P = .201) were not risk factors for CAI. Patients who had an early CAI did not have a greater chance of having a late CAI. The catheter infection‐free survival rate at 1 year was 88.6%.CONCLUSIONS:The current results indicated that severe neutropenia on the day of PORT insertion does not increase the risk of CAI in children with ALL. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Correlation of [18F]‐2‐fluoro‐deoxy‐D‐glucose positron emission tomography standard uptake values with the cellular composition of stage I nonsmall cell lung cancer
Authors: Christensen Jared D. , Colby Tom V. , Patz Edward F. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:The aim of the current study was to determine whether the [18F]‐2‐fluoro‐deoxy‐D‐glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) standardized uptake value (SUV) in patients with a new diagnosis of stage I lung cancer correlates with a specific cellular component in the primary tumor.METHODS:This study was Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act compliant and approved by our Institutional Review Board with a waiver of informed consent. Forty patients with stage I nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who underwent FDG‐PET imaging at the time of diagnosis followed by surgical resection were retrospectively identified. Histologic sections of the primary tumor were reviewed by a pathologist without any clinical data and scored according to the percentage of each cellular component (tumor cells, normal stroma, inflammatory cells, necrosis, fibrosis, and other). Each component was compared with maximal (SUVmax) and mean (SUVmean) SUVs using Pearson correlation coefficient analysis.RESULTS:The mean SUVmax and SUVmean values for 40 stage I NSCLC tumors were 8.8 and 5.4, respectively. The mean histologic composition of tumor specimens in order of frequency was as follows: tumor cells (38.9%), fibrosis (30.8%), inflammatory cells (14.8%), normal stroma (5.2%), necrosis (5.8%), and other components (4.5%); however, there was considerable variation noted among individual tumors. There was no statistically significant correlation between SUVmax (r = .19; P = .24) or SUVmean (r = .017; P = .29) and the proportion of tumor cells in the tumor mass or any other cellular components.CONCLUSIONS:The cellular composition of stage I NSCLC appears to be highly variable, with no correlation noted between a specific tumor cellular component and FDG activity. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Phase 2 trial of preoperative irinotecan plus cisplatin and conformal radiotherapy, followed by surgery for esophageal cancer
Authors: Knox Jennifer J. , Wong Rebecca , Visbal Antonio L. , Horgan Anne M. , Guindi Maha , Hornby Jennifer , Xu Wei , Ringash Jolie , Keshavjee Shaf , Chen Eric , Haider Masoom , Darling Gail 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Esophagectomy for locally advanced esophageal cancer (LAEC) is associated with limited survival. Trimodality therapy yields a small survival advantage, with cisplatin and 5‐fluorouracil regimens most frequently studied. Newer regimens may impact these poor outcomes. This phase 2 trial assessed the feasibility and efficacy of induction chemoradiotherapy with cisplatin and irinotecan followed by esophagectomy.METHODS:Patients with LAEC of the thoracic esophagus or gastroesophageal junction underwent chemotherapy with preoperative irinotecan (65 mg/m2) plus cisplatin (30 mg/m2) on Weeks 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, and 8 with concurrent conformal radiotherapy (40 grays [Gy]/20 fractions during Weeks 4‐7) and external beam boost (10 Gy/5 fractions at Week 8). Esophagectomy was performed between Weeks 12 and 16. Pathologic response was the primary endpoint with follow‐up data on progression, survival, and toxicity as secondary endpoints.RESULTS:Fifty‐two patients were enrolled from November 2002 to October 2005. Nineteen patients had American Joint Committee on Cancer stage II, 22 had stage III, and 11 had stage IVA disease. Grade 3 to 4 toxicity (graded according to the National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria 2.0) during induction included neutropenia (36%), febrile neutropenia (8%), diarrhea (10%), and esophagitis (4%). Three patients withdrew from treatment due to toxicity. There was 1 treatment‐related death. Clinical responses included complete response in 2%, partial response in 30%, stable disease in 62%, and progressive disease in 6% of patients. Dysphagia improved/resolved in 72% of patients during induction. Forty‐three patients underwent esophagectomy and 7 (16%) achieved pathologic complete responses. Median and 3‐year overall survival for patients receiving trimodality therapy was 36 months and 51%, respectively.CONCLUSIONS:In LAEC, concurrent irinotecan/cisplatin and radiotherapy followed by esophagectomy is reported to be associated with dysphagia improvement in 72% of patients, a significant but manageable toxicity profile, and encouraging survival compared with historic controls. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
A review on the current state of urine cytology emphasizing the role of fluorescence in situ hybridization as an adjunct to diagnosis
Authors: Caraway Nancy P. , Katz Ruth L. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractUrinary cytology has a significant role in the detection and surveillance of patients with urothelial carcinoma (UC), which has a high morbidity rate in the United States. Examination of the urine is a comprehensive screen of both the upper and lower urinary tract and is ideal for detecting both primary bladder UC and synchronous or metachronous, multifocal UCs that commonly occur because of a “field effect.” This field effect is the result of both clonal and random genetic abnormalities that have resulted from exposure to carcinogens (most frequently in tobacco smoke) in conjunction with the individual's ability to repair DNA damage. Although urinary cytology has high specificity for the detection of UC, its sensitivity is relatively low, especially for more prevalent low‐grade tumors. Consequently, several urine‐based tests have been investigated, some of which are available commercially and approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. However, these tests also have their limitations and often have lower specificity than urinary cytology. Consequently, urinary cytology, which is a noninvasive, cost‐effective test, continues in mainstream use because of its ability to detect high‐grade, flat lesions that can be difficult to detect clinically and that often have more aggressive biologic behavior. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Utility of flow cytometry immunophenotyping in multiple myeloma and other clonal plasma cell‐related disorders
Authors: Paiva Bruno , Almeida Julia , Pérez‐Andrés Martin , Mateo Gema , López Antonio , Rasillo Ana , Vídriales María‐Belén , López‐Berges María‐Consuelo , Miguel Jesús F. San , Orfao Alberto 
Published: June 2010

AbstractIn recent years, multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC) immunophenotyping has become mandatory in the clinical management of hematological malignancies, both for diagnostic and monitoring purposes. Multiple myeloma (MM) and other clonal plasma cell‐related (PC) disorders should be no exception to this paradigm, but incorporation of immunophenotypic studies in the management of patients with PC disorders is still far from being routinely established in many diagnostic flow cytometry laboratories. For clonal PC disorders, MFC is of clear and established clinical relevance in: (1) the differential diagnosis between MM and other PC‐related disorders; (2) the identification of high‐risk MGUS and smoldering MM; (3) minimal residual disease investigation after therapy; additionally it may also be useful for (4) the definition of prognosis‐associated antigenic profiles; and (5) the identification of new therapeutic targets. In this article, we review the clinical value of MFC in the study of PC disorders, with specific emphasis in those areas where consensus exists on the need to incorporate MFC into routine evaluation of MM and other clonal PC‐related disorders. © 2010 Clinical Cytometry Society
Unique Supramolecular Assembly of Wheel‐Shaped Nanoscale Polyanions with a Hydrophobic Core
Authors: Zhang Jie , Liu Tianbo , Mal Sib Sankar , Kortz Ulrich 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe unique self‐assembly behavior of the amphiphilicwheel‐shaped polyanion [{K(H2O)}3{Ru(p‐cymene)(H2O)}4P8W49O186(H2O)2]27– (1) in binary mixed solvents of water and various organic solvents is reported. Polyanion 1 does not undergo supramolecular assembly formation in water/acetone solutions with acetone contents below 55 vol.‐%. However, in solutions with acetone contents of 55–80 vol.‐%, vesicle‐like structures were observed by light scattering and further confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. The average size of the vesicles decreases with increasing acetone contents. Similar results were found in water/THF and water/acetonitrile binary solvents. This relation between assembly size and solvent composition contradicts the self‐assembly of all other polyanions reported to date, which all follow the charge–regulation mechanism. However, for various binary solvents containing 75 vol.‐% organic solvents (acetonitrile, ethanol, 2‐propanol, THF, dioxane), the assembly sizes of 1 decrease with increasing dielectric constants of the solvents, which is again consistent with the charge–regulation mechanism. This unique solution behavior of 1 could be partially due to possible involvement of the hydrophobic organic p‐cymene ligands in the self‐assembly process.
One‐Pot Synthesis of Imidazole‐4‐Carboxylates by Microwave‐Assisted 1,5‐Electrocyclization of Azavinyl Azomethine Ylides
Authors: Preti Lisa , Attanasi Orazio A. , Caselli Emilia , Favi Gianfranco , Ori Claudia , Davoli Paolo , Felluga Fulvia , Prati Fabio 
Published: June 2010

AbstractDiversely functionalized imidazole‐4‐carboxylates were synthesized by microwave‐assisted 1,5‐eletrocyclization of 1,2‐diaza‐1,3‐diene‐derived azavinyl azomethine ylides. 1,2‐Diaza‐1,3‐dienes were treated with primary aliphatic or aromatic amines and subjected to microwave irradiation in the presence of aldehydes. 3‐Alkyl‐ and 3‐arylimidazole‐4‐carboxylates were prepared in good yields through a one‐pot multicomponent procedure. Modulation of the substituents at C‐2, N‐3, and C‐5 was possible, and 2‐unsubstituted imidazoles were obtained when paraformaldehyde was used.
Primary Amine Catalyzed Biginelli Reaction for the Enantioselective Synthesis of 3,4‐Dihydropyrimidin‐2(1H)‐ones
Authors: Ding Derong , Zhao Cong‐Gui 
Published: June 2010

AbstractSeveral chiral primary amines, mainly those derived from cinchona alkaloids, were evaluated as organocatalysts for the asymmetric Biginelli reaction. With quinine‐derived amine catalyst 1 and after extensive optimization of the reaction conditions, 3,4‐dihydropyrimidin‐2(1H)‐ones were obtained in moderate to good yields and 51–78 % ee from a three‐component reaction of aryl and aliphatic aldehydes, urea, and acetoacetate.
Chan–Lam–Evans Coupling of Cbz‐Protected Histidines
Authors: DalZotto Christophe , Michaux Julien , Martinand‐Lurin Elodie , Campagne Jean‐Marc 
Published: June 2010

AbstractDirect functionalization of protected histidines with arylboronic acids is described under Chan–Lam–Evans conditions to give the corresponding N(τ)‐arylhistidines in moderate to good yields (12 examples, up to 83 % yield) under mild conditions.
Probing Fluorine Interactions in a Polyhydroxylated Environment: Conservation of a C–F···H–C Recognition Motif in Presence of O–H···O Hydrogen Bonds (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 18/2010)
Authors: Mehta Goverdhan , Sen Saikat 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe cover picture shows, with a wordplay of the famous phrase “To be or not to be ?” from William Shakespeare's play Hamlet, the ambivalent nature of fluorine – the most electronegative element and known to form some of the strongest hydrogen bonds, as in [F–H···F]–. Notwithstanding this, “organic” fluorine makes some of the weakest hydrogen bonds (or none at all) known in molecular crystals. Our study, in this context, utilizes specially designed fluorinated polycyclitols to probe the capability of covalently bonded fluorine to engage itself in H‐bonding even in the presence of its isostere – the hydroxy group. Details are discussed in the article by G. Mehta and S. Sen on p. 3387 ff.
Controls on at‐a‐station hydraulic geometry in steep headwater streams, Colorado, USA
Authors: David Gabrielle C. L. , Wohl Ellen , Yochum Steven E. , Bledsoe Brian P. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractDetailed hydraulic measurements were made in nine step‐pool, five cascade and one plane‐bed reach in Fraser Experimental Forest, Colorado to better understand at‐a‐station hydraulic geometry (AHG) relations in these channel types. Average values for AHG exponents, m (0·49), f (0·39), and b (0·16), were well within the range found by other researchers working in steep gradient channels. A principal component analysis (PCA) was used to compare the combined variations in all three exponents against five potential control variables: wood, D84, grain‐size distribution (σ), coefficient of variation of pool volume, average roughness‐area (projected wetted area) and bed gradient. The gradient and average roughness‐area were found to be significantly related to the PCA axis scores, indicating that both driving and resisting forces influence the rates of change of velocity, depth and width with discharge. Further analysis of the exponents showed that reaches with m > b + f are most likely dominated by grain resistance and reaches below this value (m < b + f) are dominated by form resistance. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An improvement of UMTS LTE 64QAM performance
Authors: Lüders H. , Minwegen A. , Eschbach B. , Vary P. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractIn this contribution we investigate the performance of the universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS)long‐term evolution(LTE) physical layer using turbo coding and 64QAM with Gray mapping. We show how the mapping of systematic and parity bits to the six different bit positions defining one complex 64QAM symbol influences the convergence of the turbo decoder and thereby the bit error rate (BER) performance as well as number of necessary decoding iterations. Exploiting theunequal error protection(UEP) property of Gray mapped 64QAM results in an signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) performance gain of approximately 2 dB for the non‐iterative system and leads to goodput gains especially in regions of low SNR. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Erratum: Microbial transformation of isopinocampheol and caryophyllene oxide
Authors: Noma Yoshiaki , Hashimoto Toshihiro , Uehara Shinya , Asakawa Yoshinori 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe biotransformation of (+)‐isopinocampheol and (−)‐isopinocampheol and (6R)‐(−)‐caryophyllene oxide was carried out by Aspergillus niger TBUYN‐2. A. niger converted (+)‐isopinocampheol to give (+)‐5‐hydroxyisopinocampheol and (+)‐1‐hydroxyisopinocampheol. On the other hand, (−)‐isopinocampheol was converted to (−)‐5‐hydroxyisopinocampheol, (−)‐1‐hydroxyisopinocampheol and (+)‐2‐hydroxyisopinocampheol. In the case of (6R)‐(−)‐caryophyllene oxide, (−)‐caryophyllene‐12‐oic acid and (−)‐caryophyllene‐6,7,12‐triol were obtained as new compounds. Clovandiol, which is a component of Salvia canariensis, was also obtained from (6R)‐(−)‐caryophyllene oxide following incubation for 4 days with shaking in medium without microorganisms. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Large‐scale discrete element modeling in a fluidized bed
Authors: Sakai Mikio , Yamada Yoshinori , Shigeto Yusuke , Shibata Kazuya , Kawasaki Vanessa M. , Koshizuka Seiichi 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe discrete element method (DEM) is widely used in calculating powder systems. The DEM makes it possible to determine the complicated phenomena related to particle flowability. However, DEM has a fatal problem, which is that the number of calculated particles is restricted due to excessive calculation costs. Consequently, we have developed a large‐scale model of the DEM, which is called the coarse grain model. The coarse grain particle represents a group of the original particles. Therefore, a large‐scale DEM simulation can be performed using an extremely small number of the calculated particles. In our previous studies, the coarse grain model was applied in gas–solid and solid–liquid flow systems. It is anticipated that the coarse grain model will be used in various powder systems. In the current study, the coarse grain model has been applied to a two‐dimensional bubbling fluidized bed. The adequacy of the coarse grain model was proved by a comparison with the original particle behavior. The simulation results obtained using the coarse grain model showed good agreement with the results for the original system. Moreover, the calculation speed with the coarse grain model was shown to be much faster than the calculation speed of the original model. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Epidemiology and management of lymphoma in low‐income countries
Authors: Zucca Emanuele , Rohatiner Ama , Magrath Ian , Cavalli Franco 
Published: June 2010

AbstractOur current knowledge of the epidemiology and treatment outcome of lymphoma in low‐income countries is very limited. In the poorest countries only a small proportion of patients have access to treatment while clinical research is almost non‐existent. In order to address these problems and discuss potential solutions a Workshop on ‘Epidemiology and Management of Lymphoma in Developing Countries: Challenges and Opportunities for International Collaborations’ was held during the 10th International Conference on Malignant lymphoma in Lugano, Switzerland in June 2008 under the sponsorship of UICC, ESMO and ESO. We report here a summary of the discussed issues with some reflections on this workshop. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.