bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of sedation with detomidine on intraocular pressure with and without topical anesthesia in clinically normal horses
Authors: Holve Dana L. 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
Objective—To determine the effect of sedation with detomidine on intraocular pressure (IOP) in standing horses and whether topical ocular application of anesthetic alters this effect.
Design—Clinical trial.
Animals—15 clinically normal horses.
Procedures—Horses were assigned to group 1 (n = 7) or 2 (8). Intraocular pressure measurements were obtained at baseline (before sedation) and 10 minutes after IV administration of detomidine (0.02 mg/kg [0.009 mg/lb]). Group 1 horses had an additional IOP measurement at 20 minutes after sedation. For group 2 horses, topical ocular anesthetic was administered 10 minutes prior to baseline IOP measurements.
Results—Mean ± SD baseline IOP for horses without topical anesthesia (group 1 horses; IOP, 24.30 ± 3.09 mm Hg) was significantly lower, compared with that of horses with topical anesthesia (group 2 horses; IOP, 30.40 ± 3.25 mm Hg). Compared with baseline values, IOP at 10 minutes after sedation decreased significantly in all horses (by 3.61 ± 1.48 mm Hg and 5.78 ± 4.32 mm Hg in groups 1 and 2, respectively). In group 1 horses, IOP at 10 (20.69 ± 3.45 mm Hg) and 20 (19.96 ± 2.13 mm Hg) minutes after sedation was significantly decreased, compared with baseline values; however, the difference between IOP at 10 versus 20 minutes was not significant. The difference in IOP between group 1 and 2 horses at 10 minutes after sedation was not significant.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—IV administration of detomidine caused a decrease in IOP in clinically normal horses and may be a safe sedative when performing ocular procedures.
Droits liés à l’eau dans la Camargue insulaire : à la croisée de la gouvernance environnementale et de la gestion des risques
Authors: Allouche Aurélien , Nicolas Laurence 
Published: January 2012

For a long time the area known as the Camargue (France) had conciliated the different rights related to water uses solely by adjusting its hydraulic system. The limits of this system were shown by the floods that occurred in 1993 that forced the governance paradigm to coordinate actors' rights related to water uses in the public space, and, at the same time, to elaborate new ways of acting upon the hydraulic system. This evolution presents nevertheless the risk to prioritize the plurality of rights, to manage the plurality of technical and natural constraints, and to render essential the movement out of public space of the treatment of data and technical constraints entering the adjustment of the system. Recent initiatives within governance attempt, conversely, to dissociate the space for the expression of rights linked to water from that for actions. By doing so, this inflection allows for profit-sharing and mobilization in the part of the system which other forms of participation had difficulty implicating. However, other problems arise, such as the intersection between the public and the private spheres or plurality between levels of management.Spanish
Durante mucho tiempo, la Camarga (Francia) ha conciliado los derechos relativos a los usos de agua a través de ajustes de su sistema hidráulico. Los límites de este sistema, puestos en evidencia por las inundaciones de 1993, han conducido al paradigma de gestión a manejar simultáneamente en el mismo espacio público la coordinación de derechos relativos a los usos de agua y las acciones sobre el sistema técnico. Sin embargo, esta evolución corre el riesgo de producir una jerarquía entre los derechos de los usos de agua para gestionar la diversidad de las limitaciones naturales y técnicas, y de desplazar fuera del espacio público una parte del procesamiento de datos y las limitaciones técnicas utilizadas en el ajuste del sistema. Por el contrario, recientes iniciativas en la gobernanza de este recurso están intentando separar el espacio de expresión de los derechos relacionados con el agua de las acciones. De este modo, este cambio permite generar interés y movilizar a una parte del sistema que las otras modalidades de acción no habían conseguido involucrar hasta ahora. Esta nueva reconfiguración no esta libre de desafíos, tales como aquellos generados por la intersección de la esfera pública y privada, por la pluralidad de niveles de gestión.
Les écosystèmes d'affaires : entre communauté et réseau
Authors: Gueguen Gaël , Passebois-Ducros Juliette 
Published: January 2012

Résumé Le manque de consensus concernant la définition des écosystèmes d’affaires peut diminuer la portée de ce concept. Toutefois, ce manque peut être envisagé comme le témoin de sa ré-appropriation par ses utilisateurs. En effet, le concept « écosystème d’affaires » peut reposer sur plusieurs représentations en fonction des choix des chercheurs. Encore faut-il pouvoir repérer les sens contenus. Notre article a pour objectif d’identifier les différentes représentations de ce concept dans la littérature. Les définitions issues des travaux de Moore et de Iansiti et Levien mettent en parallèle des conceptions en termes de communauté et de réseaux. Si ces termes sont proches, ils se distinguent par les intérêts poursuivis et la place des acteurs en leur sein. A partir d’une base de données constituée par plus d’une centaine d’articles académiques utilisant le concept d’écosystème d’affaires, nous mènerons une analyse textuelle afin d’identifier les grandes catégories de sens que contient ce concept.
Dans l'atelier de Lesage : l'histoire de La Tontine, des manuscrits au livre (1708-1739)
Authors: Bahier-porte Christelle 
Published: January 2012

Après le succès de Crispin rival de son maître (1707), Lesage propose en 1708 une nouvelle pièce en un acte aux Comédiens-Français, La Tontine . Cette dernière ne sera pourtant jouée qu’en 1732 puis publiée dans le Recueil des pièces mises au théâtre français (1739). Cet article étudie l’évolution de la petite comédie à partir d’un manuscrit inédit et autographe qui rend compte de la version de la pièce en 1708, puis l’adaptation du texte pour le Théâtre de la Foire en 1714 sous le titre Arlequin colonel , enfin son remaniement pour la publication dans le recueil de 1739. Ces différents états du texte permettent d’approcher au plus près le travail de l’écrivain mais aussi de mettre en lumière une conception de la comédie qui devient, au fil des réécritures, de plus en plus « noire ».
The influence of task environment and health literacy on the quality of parent-reported ADHD data
Authors: Porter S. C. , Guo C-Y , Molino J. , Toomey S. L. , Chan E. 
Published: January 2012

SummaryObjectives: To determine 1) the extent to which paper-based and computer-based environments influence the sufficiency of parents’ report of child behaviors and the accuracy of data on current medications, and 2) the impact of parents’ health literacy on the quality of information produced.Methods: We completed a randomized controlled trial of data entry tasks with parents of children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Parents completed the NICHQ Vanderbilt ADHD screen and a report of current ADHD medications on paper or using a computer application designed to facilitate data entry. Literacy was assessed by the Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults (TOFHLA). Primary outcomes included sufficient data to screen for ADHD subtypes and accurate report of total daily dose of prescribed ADHD medications.Results: Of 271 parents screened, 194/271 were eligible and 182 were randomized. Data from 180 parents were analyzed. 5.6% parents had inadequate/marginal TOFHLA scores. Using the computer, parents provided more sufficient and accurate data compared to paper (sufficiency for ADHD screening, paper vs. computer: 87.8% vs. 93.3%, P = 0.20; accuracy of medication report: 14.3% vs. 69.4%; p<0.0001). Parents with adequate literacy had increased odds of reporting sufficient and accurate data (sufficiency for ADHD screening: OR 8.0, 95% CI 2.0–32.1; accuracy of medication report: OR 4.4, 95% CI 0.5–37.4). In adjusted models, the computer task environment remained a significant predictor of accurate medication report (OR 18.7, 95% CI 7.5–46.9).Conclusions: Structured, computer-based data entry by parents may improve the quality of specific types of information needed for ADHD care. Health literacy affects parents’ ability to share valid information.
Representações sociais de adolescentes e jovens vivendo com HIV acerca da adolescência, sexualidade e AIDS
Authors: Rodrigues Andréia Silva , Jesus Michele Cunha de , Silva Lucineide Santos , Oliveira Jeane Freitas de , Paiva Mirian Santos 
Published: January 2012

A adolescência é marcada por transformações biopsicossociais. A(O) adolescente soropositivo(a), além de lidar com essas transformações, tem de enfrentar limitações do HIV e exercitar práticas sexuais seguras a fim de não se re-infectar/disseminar o vírus. Os objetivos deste estudo foram: conhecer as Representações Sociais (RS) de adolescentes e jovens que vivem com HIV/AIDS sobre “adolescência” e “adolescência e aids” e identificar como estes vivenciam a sexualidade. Pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, fundamentada na Teoria das Representações Sociais, desenvolvida com 18 sujeitos soropositivos de 11 a 20 anos que frequentam um Centro de Referência. Foi realizada a análise de conteúdo das entrevistas semi-estruturadas. Apesar de conflitos internos e restrições, estar na adolescência e/ou juventude vivendo com HIV, o processo de amadurecimento, trazido pela própria condição de soropositividade, impulsiona o(a) adolescente à busca de estratégias que propiciam melhor enfrentamento da sexualidade. Portanto, existe a necessidade de intervenções na saúde e sexualidade dessas pessoas. Descritores: Sexualidade; Adolescente; HIV; Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida.
Doppler ultrasound and D-dimer
Authors: Riopel C. , Bounameaux H. 
Published: January 2012

SummaryThe diagnosis of venous thromboembolism has evolved considerably with the development of standardized diagnostic algorithms that include clinical probability assessment, D-dimer measurement and the use of non-invasive imaging modalities such as compression ultrasonography and computed tomography angiography. The implementation of these strategies aims to improve resource allocation and patient outcome. The judicious use of these diagnostic tools requires a thorough knowledge of the appropriate clinical setting in which every test and strategy is efficient and can be used safely. For this purpose, D-dimer measurement and compression ultrasonography are complementary: the former is mainly used to exclude VTE in selected patients, while the latter is used to confirm the presence of an underlying DVT.This review provides an appraisal of the features and use of D-dimer and compression ultrasonography in the context of suspected venous thromboembolism.
FSAP, a new player in inflammation?
Authors: Stephan F. , Aarden L. A. , Zeerleder S. 
Published: January 2012

SummaryFactor VII-activating protease (FSAP) is a serine protease in plasma that has a role in coagulation and fibrinolysis. FVII could be activated by purified FSAP in a tissue factor independent manner and pro-urokinase has been demonstrated to be a substrate for purified FSAP in-vitro. However, the physiological role of FSAP in haemostasis remains unclear. More recently FSAP is suggested to be involved in inflammation. It modulates vascular permeability directly and indirectly by the generation of bradykinin. Furthermore, FSAP is activated by dead cells induced by the inflammatory response and subsequently removes nucleosomes from apoptotic cells. FSAP activation can be detected in sepsis patients as well. However, whether FSAP activation upon inflammation is beneficial or detrimental remains an open question.In this review the structure, activation mechanisms and the possible role of FSAP in inflammation are discussed.
Fibers, 11. Inorganic Fibers, Survey
Authors: Clauß Bernd , Fitzer Erich 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe article contains sections titled:1.General Description of Inorganic Fibers2.Crystalline Structure and Mechanical Properties3.Testing Methods for Inorganic Fibers4.Inorganic Fibers for Thermal Insulation5.Inorganic Fibers for Reinforcement Purposes5.1.Principles of Fiber Reinforcement5.2.Commercial Continuous Inorganic Fibers5.3.Surface Chemistry, Surface Treatment, and Surface Properties5.4.High‐Temperature Behavior of Inorganic Fibers
Fibers, 16. Testing and Analysis
Authors: Kleinhansl Ernst , Sawyer Mary C. 
Published: January 2012

Abstract

The article contains sections titled:

1.

Introduction

1.1.

History and Current State of the Art

1.2.

Definitions and Basic Terms

1.3.

Test Procedures, Rules, Standards

1.4.

Climate

1.5.

Sampling

2.

Tests of Form and Mass

2.1.

Length

2.1.1.

Single‐Fiber Length

2.1.2.

Comb Sorter Method

2.1.3.

Electronic Method ‐ Capacitive Scanning

2.1.4.

Electronic Method ‐ Optical Scanning

2.2.

Width, Thickness

2.3.

Fineness

2.3.1.

Gravimetric Method

2.3.2.

Projection Microscope Method (Fiber Diameter)

2.3.3.

Diameter Measurement with Laser Beam

2.3.4.

Projection Microscope Method with Image Analysis Techniques

2.3.5.

Vibration Method

2.3.6.

Airflow Method

2.3.7.

Microscopic Area Measurement

2.4.

Microscopic Investigation of Cross Section

2.5.

Microscopic Investigation of Fiber Surface

2.6.

Crimp

2.6.1.

Crimp Frequency

2.6.2.

Crimp Ratio, Crimp Retention

2.7.

Density

2.7.1.

Pycnometer Method

2.7.2.

Density Balance (Archimedes' Principle)

2.7.3.

Gradient Method

2.8.

Chemical Identification of Fibers by Solubility

2.9.

Other Identification Methods for Fibers

2.10.

Identification of Wool and Hair

2.11.

Analysis of Fiber Impurities and Extractable Matter

2.11.1.

Trash and Dust Content of Cotton (Nonlint Content)

2.11.2.

Honeydew on Cotton

2.11.3.

Grease Content of Wool ‐ Extractable Matter Content

2.11.4.

Preparation and Finishing Agents for Man‐Made Fiber

2.12.

Maturity of Cotton

3.

Tensile Properties

3.1.

Tensile Test

3.2.

Elastic Behavior

3.3.

Modulus

3.4.

Loop Tensile Test

3.5.

Bundle Stress Test

4.

Behavior toward Water

4.1.

Moisture Adsorption

4.1.1.

Oven Drying Test

4.1.2.

Other Tests for Moisture Content of Fibers

4.2.

Water Absorption

5.

Thermal Behavior

5.1.

Melting Point

5.2.

Burning Test

6.

Dyeing Properties

6.1.

Laboratory Dyeing

6.2.

Identification of Fiber Type by Dyeing (Neocarmine)

7.

Processing

7.1.

General

7.2.

Spinning Devices for Trials

7.3.

Electrostatic Charging

7.4.

Rotor Ring Method

7.5.

Combination of Micro Dust and Trash Analyzer with the Rotor Ring Method and a Spinning Device for Trials

8.

Automated Test Units
Forgetting Trauma: Socially Shared Retrieval‐induced Forgetting and Post‐traumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Brown Adam D. , Kramer Michael E. , Romano Tracy A. , Hirst William 
Published: January 2012

SummaryMemory for related but unpracticed aspects of an event can be impaired by selectively retrieving parts of the same event. This occurs when selective retrieval [within‐individual retrieval‐induced forgetting (WI‐RIF)] is undertaken by individuals and has been extended to social contexts—RIF can be produced in listeners [socially shared retrieval‐induced forgetting (SS‐RIF)] by a speaker's selective recounting. The effects of post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) on WI‐RIF and SS‐RIF were examined by two experiments. In Experiment 1, combat veterans (with or without PTSD) and non‐veteran dyads participated in a RIF paired‐associates paradigm adapted for combat‐related stimuli. WI‐RIF and SS‐RIF occurred for combat‐related and neutral pairs regardless of group. However, greater WI‐RIF and SS‐RIF for combat‐related words were shown by individuals with PTSD. These findings were replicated by Experiment 2, in which either a combat‐related or neutral story was learned by participants, and selective retrieval was embedded in a conversation. That the selective retrieval of trauma‐related stimuli leads to enhancement of induced forgetting for individuals with PTSD under certain conditions is suggested by these data. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Maternal smoking during pregnancy and child emotional problems: The relevance of maternal and child 5‐HTTLPR genotype
Authors: Cents Rolieke A.M. , Tiemeier Henning , Velders Fleur P. , Jaddoe Vincent W.V. , Hofman Albert , Verhulst Frank C. , Lambregtse‐van den Berg Mijke P. , Hudziak James J. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractSerotonin is involved in the development of neural circuits modulating emotional behavior. The short allele (s) of a polymorphism (5‐HTTLPR) of the serotonin transporter gene is a risk factor for psychopathology in the presence of environmental stressors. Maternal smoking is associated with growth restriction of the human fetal brain and adverse effects of nicotine on the developing serotonin system have been documented. We hypothesized that maternal smoking interacts with both child and mother 5‐HTTLPR genotype as a risk factor for later child emotional problems. In a sample of n = 1,529 mother–child dyads, smoking habits were assessed by questionnaires during pregnancy. Child emotional problems were measured by the Child Behavior Checklist at the child's age of 3 years. Maternal smoking during pregnancy significantly increased the risk for emotional problems in children carrying the s‐allele; β = 0.24, P = 0.03 (mother‐report), and β = 0.46, P = 0.001 (father‐report). In children heterozygous at 5‐HTTLPR and exposed to maternal prenatal smoking (n = 79) risk of emotional problems increased with each additional s‐allele the mother carried. The associations between 5‐HTTLPR and child emotional problems were not moderated by paternal prenatal smoking. These findings imply that the vulnerability for emotional problems in s‐allele carriers may already originate in fetal life. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Process simulation study of coal gasification‐based multi‐product plant with electricity and chemical products
Authors: Chen Po‐Chuang , Yu Chiou‐Shia , Chiu Hsiu‐Mei , Chyou Yau‐Pin , Chen Hsi‐Jen 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTIn this study, the commercial chemical process simulator, PRO/II® V8.1.1, is implemented to perform the simulation of a coal gasification‐based co‐production system, of which the feedstock is kaltim prima coal from Indonesia, and the products are electricity and dimethyl ether (DME). There are five major blocks in the multi‐product plant, i.e. air separation unit (ASU), gasification unit, gas clean‐up unit, combined‐cycle, and DME synthetic unit. ASU utilizes cryogenic air separation process, which provides oxygen with 95 mol% purity to the gasification unit and nitrogen to the combined‐cycle. General Electric technologies are employed in the study, i.e. quench‐type slurry‐fed gasifier for the former and 7FB‐series turboset for the latter. The clean‐up unit includes dry solids removal, syngas scrubbing, sulfur compounds removal, and sulfur recovery processes, which are implemented to deliver clean syngas to further processes and elemental sulfur from H2S. The clean syngas is divided into two equal streams to generate electricity and produce DME, simultaneously. The results show that the gross and net electrical power outputs are 371.6 and 275.1 MW, respectively; furthermore, the yield of DME is 51.78 mt/h. In summary, the net efficiency of the coal gasification‐based multi‐product plant is 46.1% (HHV), which is higher than the counterpart of typical integrated gasification combined‐cycle plants by over four percentage points. © 2012 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of the surface roughness of conducting polypyrrole thin‐film electrodes on the electrocatalytic reduction of nitrobenzene
Authors: Adhikari Arindam , Radhakrishnan S. , Vijayan M. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractConducting polypyrrole (PPy) thin‐film electrodes were prepared by the electropolymerization of pyrrole on gold‐coated glass plates. Films of various roughnesses were obtained by the variation of the scan rates during electropolymerization. These thin films were modified by doping with 6mM of the dopant NiCl2. The surface morphology of the films was studied by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM), which suggested films prepared with a high scan rate were rougher in nature than the films produced with a low scan rate. The electrocatalytic reduction of nitrobenzene was carried out with these electrodes with the cyclic voltammetry technique in acetonitrile containing 0.1M HClO4 as a supporting electrolyte. The various results obtained show that the conducting PPy thin‐film electrodes were catalytically active toward the electroreduction process. The modified PPy film electrodes doped with NiCl2 were more active toward nitrobenzene electroreduction than the PPy film alone. The results indicate that the roughness of the films played a very important role in determining their catalytic activity. The PPy films that were more rough in nature were catalytically more active than the smooth films; this may have been due to the availability of more reactive sites in the case of rough films. The apparent diffusion coefficients of the PPy film electrodes were also calculated. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Water‐soluble cationic chitosan derivative to improve pigment‐based inkjet printing and antibacterial properties for cellulose substrates
Authors: Bu Guangjiu , Wang Chaoxia , Fu Shaohai , Tian Anli 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe water‐soluble N‐(2‐hydroxy)propyl‐3‐trimethylammonium chitosan chloride (HTCC) was prepared by chitosan and glycidyl trimethyl ammonium chloride. Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopic analysis spectrum confirmed that glycidyl trimethyl ammonium chloride was grafted to the amino groups of chitosan via substitution reaction (Zhao et al., Int J Pharm 2010, 393, 268; Montazer and Afjeh, J Appl Polym Sci 2007, 103, 178). The obtained chitosan derivative was used to modify cotton fabrics for improving aqueous pigment‐based inkjet printing and antibacterial properties. Scanning electron microscope images showed that HTCC was adhered onto the cotton fabrics surface and formed film structure. The K/S value on printed cotton substrates increased from 3.20 to 4.87, which indicated that higher color yield was achieved in this way. Modified samples performed better crocking fastness and laundering fastness than the control cotton fabrics. The line definition of modified cotton fabrics respectively, improved 16.5% and 12.6% in the warp and weft direction as the specified line width was 0.5 × 103 μm. Samples also showed good antibacterial potential, the inhibitory rate for Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were both more than 95% when the concentration of HTCC used in the pretreatment solution was 0.8%. The antibacterial effect was found to be durable for 20 laundering cycles. However, the hand feeling of modified cotton fabrics presented a slight decrease. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012