bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensitivity of the clinical high-risk and familial high-risk approaches for psychotic disorders – a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Talukder Animesh , Kougianou Ioanna , Healy Colm , Lång Ulla , Kieseppä Valentina , Jalbrzikowski Maria , O’Hare Kirstie , Kelleher Ian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Psychosis prediction has been a key focus of psychiatry research for over 20 years. The two dominant approaches to identifying psychosis risk have been the clinical high-risk (CHR) and the familial high-risk (FHR) approaches. To date, the real-world sensitivity of these approaches – that is, the proportion of all future psychotic disorders in the population that they identify – has not been systematically reviewed.

Methods
We systematically reviewed and meta-analysed studies in MEDLINE, Embase, PsychINFO, and Web of Science (from inception until September 2024) that reported data on the sensitivity of CHR and FHR approaches – i.e., individuals with a psychosis diagnosis preceded by a CHR diagnosis or a history of parental psychosis (PROSPERO: CRD42024542268).

Results
We identified four CHR studies and four FHR studies reporting relevant data. The pooled estimate of the sensitivity of the CHR approach was 6.7% (95% CI: 1.5–15.0%) and of the FHR approach was 6.5% (95% CI: 4.4–8.9%). There was a high level of heterogeneity between studies. Most FHR studies had a low risk of bias, but most CHR studies had a high risk of bias.

Conclusion
Pooled data suggest that CHR and FHR approaches, each, capture only about 6–7% of future psychotic disorders. These findings demonstrate the need for additional approaches to identify risk for psychosis.
Soundscapes of ecofeminism. Negotiating gender and environment through pop music
Authors: Philipp Thorsten 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Femininity and metaphors of motherhood have always determined the perception of nature and environment. With the rise of the ecological movements, they have also accompanied political eco-activism and nature conservation regimes. In this context, ecofeminism emerged as an academic, intellectual and social movement to critically question environmental conflicts and their interrelatedness to gender norms and power constellations. To what extent is ecofeminism a topic of pop music? Showcasing selected pop music examples from Tracy Chapman, Björk, Marina, Anohni and others, this article identifies four major thematic strands of narrating ecofeminist positions through pop music: (1) violence and vulnerability, illustrating the contrast between female nature and male culture; (2) strength and togetherness, focusing on the ontological connection between female bodies and nature; (3) protest and empowerment, drawing an activist demarcation against patriarchy and binary thinking; and (4) transecology and gender-queerness, crossing both heteronormative boundaries of bodies and dualistic nature conceptions.
Bayesian spatio-temporal modelling of tuberculosis in Vietnam: Insights from a local-area analysis
Authors: Bui Long Viet , Ragonnet Romain , Hughes Angus E. , Nguyen Hoa Binh , Do Nam Hoang , McBryde Emma S. , Sexton Justin , Nguyen Thuy Phuong , Shipman David S. , Fox Greg J. , Trauer James M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Spatial analysis and disease mapping have the potential to enhance understanding of tuberculosis (TB) dynamics, whose spatial dynamics may be complicated by the mix of short and long-range transmission and long latency periods. TB notifications in Nam Dinh Province for individuals aged 15 and older from 2013 to 2022 were analyzed with a variety of spatio-temporal methods. The study commenced with an analysis of spatial autocorrelation to identify clustering patterns, followed by the evaluation of several candidate Bayesian spatio-temporal models. These models varied from simple assessments of spatial heterogeneity to more complex configurations incorporating covariates and interactions. The findings highlighted a peak in the TB notification rate in 2017, with 98 cases per 100,000 population, followed by a sharp decline in 2021. Significant spatial autocorrelation at the commune level was detected over most of the 10-year period. The Bayesian model that best balanced goodness-of-fit and complexity indicated that TB trends were associated with poverty: each percentage point increase in the proportion of poor households was associated with a 1.3% increase in TB notifications, emphasizing a significant socioeconomic factor in TB transmission dynamics. The integration of local socioeconomic data with spatio-temporal analysis could further enhance our understanding of TB epidemiology.
Husband involvement in antenatal care moderates the link between vitamin D status and depressive symptoms in pregnant women
Authors: Wong Rosa S. , Tung Keith T. S. , Tsang Hing Wai , Ko Jennifer K. Y. , Leung Wing-cheong , Ip Patrick 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Aims
The association between a pregnant mother’s vitamin D status and depressive symptoms has yielded inconsistent results. It is possible that other factors play a role in this association, as depression can have multiple causes. Recognizing the significance of the husband’s participation in antenatal care, this study aimed to examine whether the husband’s involvement moderates the link between the mother’s vitamin D status and depressive symptoms during pregnancy.

Methods
A total of 2983 Chinese married pregnant women, in their 25–35 weeks of pregnancy, completed questionnaires to assess their levels of depressive symptoms and the involvement of their husbands in their antenatal care appointments. Additionally, their serum levels of vitamin D were measured.

Results
After adjusting for maternal age, parity, and socio-economic status, the husband’s involvement in antenatal care moderated the association between maternal vitamin D status and depressive symptoms during pregnancy (β = 2.03, p = 0.035). Specifically, when their husbands were not regularly present for antenatal care appointments, mothers with suboptimal vitamin D levels experienced more depressive symptoms than those with optimal levels. However, there were no noticeable differences in depressive symptoms between vitamin D groups for mothers whose husbands attended all antenatal care appointments.

Conclusions
Pregnant women who have suboptimal vitamin D levels and lack support from their spouses are most vulnerable to experiencing depression. It is crucial to holistically assess the social and physiological needs of expectant mothers to reduce their risk of antenatal depression.
Wind Profile Characteristics That Warn of Summertime Flash Heavy Rain Events Over the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River Basin
Authors: Wang Jingyu , Wang Xiaokang , Yuan Huiling , Cui Chunguang , Wang Xiaofang , Liu Lin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractForecasting and early warnings for summertime flash heavy rain events (FHREs) in the middle Yangtze River basin (MYRB) pose significant challenges. This study examined variations in lower tropospheric wind profiles hours before these FHREs using reanalysis data and wind profile radar observations. The findings highlight wind accelerations, directional shifts, and associated vertical shears preceding FHREs, providing valuable insight for severe weather warnings. During the summers of 2010–2019, FHREs occurred most frequently and contributed significantly to total precipitation during the Meiyu period, compared to before and after. Meiyu FHREs also exhibit longer durations and nocturnal peaks. Spatially, FHRE frequency increases from northwest to southeast, with higher frequencies in the topographic areas. The discernible moisture influx 4 hr before FHREs primarily comes from southwesterly and easterly winds below 700 hPa. Before FHRE, weaker easterly winds dominated western MYRB, while strong southerly winds prevailed in the east, influenced by mesoscale cyclonic shear and low‐level jets. Detailed wind changes below 4 km altitude show that over the southeastern MYRB, accelerated west‐southwest winds are observed 3–4 hr before FHREs, while southerly components near the boundary layer top intensified 2 hr earlier. Within 1 hr before FHREs, the wind speeds sharply increase to peak. East of the western mountains, southwesterly winds strengthen 5 hr prior, then weaken as they shift to northerlies just before FHREs, accompanied by reinforced northerlies near the surface. Over the western mountainous area, southeasterly components below 2 km altitude increase 4 hr before FHREs, although at lower speeds.
Exploring the Joint Association Between Agrichemical Mixtures and Pediatric Cancer
Authors: Taiba Jabeen , Beseler Cheryl , Zahid Muhammad , Bartelt‐Hunt Shannon , Kolok Alan , Rogan Eleanor 
Published: February 2025

AbstractNebraska's age‐adjusted incidence rates for childhood cancers are among the highest in the US. Previous studies indicated associations between agrichemical exposures (atrazine and nitrates) and pediatric cancer rate, assuming single pollutant exposure. We evaluated the joint association between the agricultural mixture and pediatric cancer. Agrichemical exposures at a county scale were quantified using the USGS Pesticide National Synthesis Project for frequently applied pesticides from 1992 to 2014 in 93 Nebraska counties. Outcomes were quantified using pediatric cancer diagnosed among children <20 years of age (1992–2014) from the Nebraska cancer registry. We adjusted for social vulnerability factors such as race, income, employment, and access to care. The associations between 32 agrichemicals and cancer subtypes were assessed using the Generalized Weighted Quantile Sum Regression (gWQS) model. The model was fit assuming a Poisson distribution and using the pediatric population as an offset‐term and social vulnerability factors as covariates. We observed a statistically significant positive association between the 32 agrichemicals and overall pediatric cancer and subtypes. The strength of associations was slightly stronger among brain and CNS cancers (β = 0.36, CI = 0.14, 0.57) compared to overall cancer (β = 0.30, CI = 0.16, 0.44) and leukemia (β = 0.23, CI = 0.09, 0.38). Dicamba, glyphosate, paraquat, quizalofop, triasulfuron, and tefluthrin largely contributed to the joint association. These findings may explain the joint associations of the agrichemical mixture on childhood cancer. Alternative biomarker‐based approaches to measuring human exposure are worth investigating for chemicals of concern, particularly in counties with high agrichemical and cancer rates.
Quantitative Estimates of Younger Dryas Freshening From Lipid δ2H Analysis in the Beaufort Sea
Authors: Wu Junjie , Stein Ruediger , Sachs Julian P. , Wolhowe Matthew , Fahl Kirsten , You Defang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe leading hypothesis attributes the Younger Dryas (YD) event to a disruption in the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation, driven by meltwater input from North America. Determining the origin, timing, and magnitude of YD freshening are crucial for understanding abrupt climate change. This study examines the δ2H values of specific lipids in response to freshwater discharge and provides a quantitative estimate of YD freshening, using a marine sediment core from the Canadian Beaufort Sea, a region with documented evidence of a YD flood event. A pronounced reduction in δ2H values of leaf wax lipids and microalgal dinosterol indicates marked freshening at the onset of the YD, with the YD flood and the melting Laurentide Ice Sheet likely reducing surface water salinity by ∼15–24. In contrast, salinity levels remained high and stable for the last 8 kyr, likely implying a drier climate in the Mackenzie River basin.
Control of Coral Reefs Formation by Boudin‐Like Crustal Extension Processes in the South China Sea: New Insights From Wide‐Angle Seismic Imaging
Authors: Zhang Chenglong , Xia Shaohong , Cao Jinghe , Fan Chaoyan , Wan Kuiyuan , Gou Tao 
Published: February 2025

AbstractCoral reefs with uniform NE‐SW trends are a prominent geological feature along the southern margin of the South China Sea (SCS), closely linked to continental crustal extension. However, their interrelationship and evolution remain inadequately understood. In this study, we present a P‐wave velocity model extending from the abyssal basin to the reef areas along the southern SCS margin, derived from forward modeling and travel‐time tomography using a 315‐km‐long wide‐angle seismic profile OBS2019ZX1. The results reveal that the crustal thickness beneath the reef areas ranges from 17 to 21 km, with a crustal stretching factor (β) between 1.5 and 1.8, indicating more primitive crustal characteristics. Between the thicker crustal segments beneath the reefs lies an extensional basin, tens of kilometers wide with the thinnest crustal thickness of approximately 13 km and the β exceeding 2.4. We observe strongly heterogeneous crustal extension along the southern SCS margin, where NE‐SW trending extensional basins separate thicker crustal segments to form the boudin‐like crust. The rifting of the western conjugated margins in the SCS persisted longer and resulted in more complex crustal thinning compared to the eastern region. Crustal extension primarily focused on banded rift basins parallel to the spreading center, leading to the formation of wide rifted margins and dispersed crustal blocks. Under tropical climates, the topographic highs of the blocks exhibit high carbonate productivity, accumulating to form coral reefs. We propose that boudin‐like crustal extension is a key factor controlling the formation of elongated NE‐SW trending coral reefs along the southern SCS margin.
Mechanisms of Tropical Sea Surface Salinity Variations at Seasonal Timescales
Authors: Hochet Antoine , Tajouri Soumaïa , Kolodziejczyk Nicolas , Llovel William 
Published: February 2025

AbstractClimate‐coupled models typically overestimate the amplitude of the seasonal cycle of sea surface salinity (SSS) in the tropics. A better understanding of the mechanisms controlling the seasonal variance of SSS could provide directions for improving the representation of the SSS seasonal cycle amplitude in these models. In this work, we use a novel framework, based on seasonal salinity variance budget (SVB), which we apply to the Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean (ECCO) state estimate, to study the mechanisms controlling the variance of seasonal SSS in the tropical oceans. Our findings reveal that oceanic advection, vertical diffusion, and freshwater fluxes from rivers and precipitation all play an important role in controlling the amplitude of the seasonal cycle, but their impact varies regionally. The SVB framework effectively distinguishes between “source” (mechanisms that enhance variance) and “sinks” (mechanisms that dampen variance). We show that vertical diffusion acts as the primary sink across most regions, except for the eastern Arabian Sea where precipitation dominates as the main sink. In other regions of the tropical oceans, precipitation and river runoff act as sources of variance. The effect of the advective term on the SSS variance is shown to be mainly the sum of two terms—first, a term associated with the spatial redistribution of the variability by the eddy‐parametrized oceanic circulation, and second, a term associated to a transfer of salinity variance between the time mean and seasonal circulations.
Physical Connectivity Between Mesophotic Areas in the Northern Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Lopera Luisa , Bracco Annalisa , Herrera Santiago 
Published: February 2025

AbstractUnderstanding connectivity patterns is crucial for marine planning, particularly in the design of marine protected areas or restoration plans. In this study, we assess the potential physical connectivity between mesophotic areas in the northern Gulf of Mexico and investigate the dynamical features influencing such connectivity using a physical modeling approach. We use the Coastal and Regional Ocean COmmunity model in conjunction with a particle transport Lagrangian tool to evaluate the general pathways of material transport among mesophotic areas, focusing on the Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary and the Pinnacles Trend over 2 years. Additionally, we conduct a sensitivity analysis to identify the minimum necessary model configuration for capturing the impact of kilometer‐scale circulation on connectivity metrics. Our results reveal year‐round low connectivity potential between mesophotic areas with high seasonal heterogeneity in transport direction and dispersal distances due to the high variability of the currents fields. In the study areas, material dispersion appears to be primarily driven by the extension of shelf currents and by submesoscale circulations (SCs). Sensitivity analysis suggests that high‐resolution velocity fields with horizontal grid spacing capable of resolving SCs and temporal resolution of 6 hr or less are required to accurately capture the impact of small‐scale circulations on connectivity, especially in summer, when currents are weak and submesoscale fronts are essential to establish dispersion patterns.
Spectral Extension of the CPF‐Measured Earth‐Reflected Solar Radiances for CPF‐CERES Intercalibration
Authors: Yang Q. , Liu X. , Wu W. , Shea Y. L. , Bhatt R. , Bartle A. D. , Thurston A. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe Climate Absolute Radiance and Refractivity Observatory (CLARREO) Pathfinder (CPF) mission is set to launch an SI‐traceable reflective solar (RS) spectrometer aboard the International Space Station to measure Earth‐reflected solar radiation with a radiometric uncertainty of 0.3%–0.6% (k = 1). This paper introduces a fast and accurate spectral extension algorithm designed to expand CPF‐like spectral radiances beyond the CPF spectral range (0.35–2.3 μm) to align with the CERES SW spectral range for its filtered (0.2–5 μm) and unfiltered (0.2–15.0 μm) radiances, facilitating accurate CPF‐CERES intercalibration. The algorithm demonstrates excellent accuracy in generating the missing energy within the UV and IR segments of the CERES SW range. The standard deviation is 0.2% for the integrated unfiltered radiances and 0.05% for the integrated filtered radiances. The bias is only −0.01% for the unfiltered case and −0.003% for the filtered case. The methodology was validated using measured EMIT radiance data. We employed EMIT radiances within the wavelength range of 0.43–2.25 μm to generate radiances for both the shorter (0.381–0.43 μm) and longer wavelength range (2.25–2.493 μm). The standard deviation in the integrated broadband radiances is about 0.1%, and the bias is less than 0.004% for over 1.5 million EMIT samples. These statistics suggest that the spectral extension algorithm is robust and effective in substantially reducing the spectral difference‐induced uncertainty in the CPF‐CERES intercalibration.
Application of a Deep Learning‐Based Sea Surface Roughness Parameterization in a Global Forecasting System
Authors: Sun Difu , Yang Jinhui , Yin Fukang , Zhang Weimin , Wu Jianping , Leng Hongze , Ren Kaijun , Song Junqiang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAccurately calculating the momentum exchange between the atmosphere and the ocean is essential for global weather forecasting. However, current widely used parameterization schemes face challenges in accurately estimating sea surface roughness . Deep learning (DL) technology offers new opportunities to address this problem. Here, we present a DL‐based parameterization scheme for sea surface roughness, which we have integrated into a global forecasting system. The DL‐based scheme demonstrates advantages over four widely used traditional schemes in offline and online tests. In the offline tests based on observational data, the DL‐based scheme significantly improved root mean square errors (RMSEs) for the calculated , with a decrease of at least compared to the four traditional schemes. In the online tests based on the coupling of the DL‐based scheme with a global forecasting system, the DL‐based scheme also shows advantages over four traditional schemes, especially in forecasting the geopotential height and the wind field for the Southern Hemisphere.
Increased Occurrence of Stratiform Clouds in the Caribbean Dry Season Since 1971 From Surface Observations
Authors: Eastman Ryan , McCoy Isabel L. , Zuidema Paquita , Schulz Hauke , Barrett Patrick 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis study examines low cloud trends over 1971–2020 by utilizing a unique, surface based cloud record generated by human observers at Caribbean island weather stations. In the dry season (December–April), when low clouds dominate cloud behavior in the Caribbean, Stratocumulus cloud frequency increases at the expense of Cumulus clouds. Low cloud cover varies positively with Stratocumulus clouds and exhibits a slight increasing trend. Rainfall frequency, observed at a subset of co‐located stations, varies positively with Stratocumulus frequency, corroborating their increasing trend. Trends in temperature and humidity show stronger warming aloft compared to the surface and drying at low levels. Stratocumulus are shown to respond positively to increases in the surface latent heat flux and to a stronger inversion in this study region. These results suggest that observed increases in Stratocumulus could be driven by increases in moisture fluxes into the more strongly capped boundary layer. Increased wintertime cloud cover and precipitation frequency may represent a de‐amplifying feedback to Caribbean warming and drying. Climate indices such as the North Atlantic Oscillation and ENSO do not show significant relationships with Stratocumulus variability, nor do variations in aerosol concentration.
Pleistocene Global Cooling Did Not Weaken the East Asian Summer Monsoon
Authors: Cai Jie , Meng Xianqiang , Liu Lianwen , Li Gen K. , Li Shilei , Chen Jun , Ji Junfeng 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe response of the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) precipitation to Pleistocene global cooling is crucial for understanding Earth's climate and hydrological cycles. The long‐term trend of the EASM precipitation during the Pleistocene remains hotly debated with two main hypotheses: one suggesting a gradually weakening EASM driven by global cooling, whereas the other proposing a gradually intensifying EASM influenced by the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau or strengthening Pacific Walker Circulation. The primary challenge in resolving this debate lies in disentangling the temperature effects from existing monsoon precipitation proxies, which complicates the interpretation of past climate records. Here, we present a new record of Pleistocene EASM precipitation change from North China, based on soil dolomite and calcite contents that are independent of temperature. Our results indicate increased interglacial EASM precipitation but near‐constant glacial EASM precipitation in the long‐term trend. This finding challenges the conventional view that global cooling weakened monsoon precipitation. We propose that Pleistocene EASM long‐term evolution is controlled by the competition between the monsoon‐weakening effects of global cooling and the monsoon‐enhancing effects of the strengthening Walker Circulation, suggesting that even a cooling climate could strengthen monsoon precipitation. Our results hold profound implications for assessing the complex relationship between hydroclimatic cycles and global temperatures during the late Cenozoic.