bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Midterm outcome after a microsurgical unilateral approach for bilateral decompression of lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis
Authors: Müslüman Ahmet Murat , Cansever Tufan , Yılmaz Adem , Çavuşoğlu Halit , Yüce İsmail , Aydın Yunus 
Published: August 2011

Object
The aim of this study was to evaluate the results and effectiveness of bilateral decompression via a unilateral approach in the treatment of lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis (DS).

Methods
Operations were performed in 84 selected patients (mean age 62.1 ± 10 years) with lumbar DS between the years 2001 and 2008. The selection criteria included lower back pain with or without sciatica, neurogenic claudication that had not improved after at least 6 months of conservative treatment, and a radiological diagnosis of Grade I DS and lumbar stenosis. Decompression was performed at 3 levels in 15.5%, 2 levels in 54.8%, and 1 level in 29.7% of the patients with 1 level of spondylolisthesis. All patients were followed up for at least 24 months. For clinical evaluations, a visual analog scale, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and Neurogenic Claudication Outcome Score (NCOS) were used. Spinal canal size and (neutral and dynamic) slip percentages were measured both pre- and postoperatively.

Results
Neutral and dynamic slip percentages did not significantly change after surgery (p = 0.67 and p = 0.63, respectively). Spinal canal size increased from 50.6 ± 5.9 to 102.8 ± 9.5 mm2 (p < 0.001). The ODI decreased significantly in both the early and late follow-up evaluations, and good or excellent results were obtained in 64 cases (80%). The NCOS demonstrated significant improvement in the late follow-up results (p < 0.001). One patient (1.2%) required secondary fusion during the follow-up period.

Conclusions
Postoperative clinical improvement and radiological findings clearly demonstrated that the unilateral approach for treating 1-level and multilevel lumbar spinal stenosis with DS is a safe, effective, and minimally invasive method in terms of reducing the need for stabilization.
Asymptotic Analysis of the Non-Stationary Cross-flow Vortices on a Rotating Disk with Temperature-Dependent Viscosity
Authors: Jasmine HA 
Published: August 2011

Asymptotic analysis of the non-stationary cross-flow disturbances of Von-kármán rotation disk flow with a temperature dependence viscosity is investigated. The linear eigenrelations are derived for various values of the parameter which controls the temperature dependence of viscosity with more than one critical layer. It has been fund that there is a cut-off value at an angle that lies between 10.3° and 57.4°, so that solution exist only for this range. GANIT J. Bangladesh Math. Soc. (ISSN 1606-3694) 29 (2009) 51-62 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ganit.v29i0.8515
On Jacobson Radical for &Gamma;-Rings
Authors: Paul AC , Uddin Md Sabur 
Published: August 2011

Jacobson radical of gamma rings is one of the most significant concept in the ring theory. In this paper we consider the Jacobson radical for gamma rings due to A.C. Paul and T.M. Abul Kalam Azad [5]. Some new characterizations are developed in this radical. The Jacobson Density Theorem and its converse Theorem are also proved here. GANIT J. Bangladesh Math. Soc. (ISSN 1606-3694) 29 (2009) 147-160 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ganit.v29i0.8524
A Study on Dimensional Analysis for Air-Water Flow System
Authors: Khan Ashrafuzzaman , Hoque Ashabul 
Published: August 2011

A simplified exposition and its consequence are given for the dimensional analysis. We have first discussed Buckingham’s π theorem, which provides a guide to the number of dimensions parameters required to specify any particular phenomenon. The influence of dimensional analysis on air-water flow system is described in details and is applied to scaling the measurements of void fraction distributions in vertical circular plunging jets. This study highlights the dimensional analysis on air-water flow system, which is a convenient technique for estimating the magnitudes of various terms in the governing equations. Key words: Dimension analysis; Buckingham’s theorem; Air-water flow; Void fraction. GANIT J. Bangladesh Math. Soc. (ISSN 1606-3694) 30 (2010) 11-18 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ganit.v30i0.8498
Comparative Study of the Grid-Scale and Subgrid-Scale Velocity Fields - A Priori Test
Authors: Uddin M Ashraf , Rahman M Matiar , Mallik M Saiful Islam 
Published: August 2011

Generation of grid-scale (GS) and subgrid-scale (SGS) velocity fields is performed by direct filtering of DNS (Direct Numerical Simulation) data at a low Reynolds number in homogeneous isotropic turbulence in order to assess the spectral accuracy as well as the performance of filter functions for LES (Large Eddy Simulation). The filtering is performed using three classical filter functions: Gaussian, Tophat and Sharp cutoff filters and in all three cases the results are compared with three different filter widths for LES. Comparing the distributions of GS and SGS velocities, and the decay of turbulence with those from DNS fields through out the whole calculation we have found that among the three filter functions, the performance of Sharp cutoff filter is better than that of the other two filter functions in terms of both spatial spectra and the distribution of velocities. Furthermore, it is shown that the accuracy of the filtering approach does not depend only on the filter functions but also on the filter widths for LES. GANIT J. Bangladesh Math. Soc. (ISSN 1606-3694) 30 (2010) 19-31 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ganit.v30i0.8499
Second Approximate Solution of Duffing Equation with Strong Nonlinearity by Homotopy Perturbation Method
Authors: Uddin M Alhaz , Sattar M Abdus 
Published: August 2011

In this paper, the second order approximate solution of a general second order nonlinear ordinary differential system, modeling damped oscillatory process is considered. The new analytical technique based on the work of He’s homotopy perturbation method is developed to find the periodic solution of a second order ordinary nonlinear differential system with damping effects. Usually the second or higher order approximate solutions are able to give better results than the first order approximate solutions. The results show that the analytical approximate solutions obtained by homotopy perturbation method are uniformly valid on the whole solutions domain and they are suitable not only for strongly nonlinear systems, but also for weakly nonlinear systems. Another advantage of this new analytical technique is that it also works for strongly damped, weakly damped and undamped systems. Figures are provided to show the comparison between the analytical and the numerical solutions. Keywords: Homotopy perturbation method; damped oscillation; nonlinear equation; strong nonlinearity. GANIT J. Bangladesh Math. Soc. (ISSN 1606-3694) 30 (2010) 59-75 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ganit.v30i0.8504
Paradoxical Response to Prophylactic Didox (N-3, 4 Trihydroxybenzamide) Treatment in Murine Cytomegalovirus-Infected Mice
Authors: Go Vera , Tang-Feldman Yajarayma J , Lochhead Stephanie R , Lochhead G Raymond , Yu Cindy Q , Elford Howard L , Inayat Mohammed S , Oakley Oliver R , Pomeroy Claire 
Published: August 2011

Background In this study, we investigated the effect of Didox (DX) on the pathogenicity of and host responses to murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) infection. Methods In vitro efficacy of DX against MCMV was determined using plaque reduction assays. For in vivo studies, mice infected with a sublethal dose (104 PFU) of MCMV were treated daily with DX (200 mg/kg) using either a prophylactic or delayed protocol. At predetermined intervals, target organs were removed for histopathology. Cytokine transcription and viral load were performed using real-time PCR. Serum cytokine levels were determined by ELISA, and T-cell markers by realtime PCR. Results DX (0.5–50 μM) inhibited MCMV plaque formation in vitro. However, in vivo, prophylactic DX treatment did not decrease viral load and prolonged hepatic proinflammatory cytokine transcription at days 3 and 5 post-infection, which corresponded with more severe histopathological changes observed in the liver. Significant CD8+ T-cell marker suppression was seen, in accordance with DX-induced inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation observed in vitro. DX prolonged the recovery of MCMV- infected mice when given after infection was established. Conclusions Despite promising MCMV inhibition in vitro, DX had no beneficial effect on MCMV disease in our model and paradoxically had adverse effects when administered prophylactically. The lack of correlation between in vitro activity and in vivo efficacy emphasizes the importance of selecting appropriate antiviral targets and of using animal models when testing new drugs.
A Factorization Theorem for Multiplier Algebras of Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Spaces
Authors: Prunaru Bebe 
Published: August 2011

Abstract.Let (X;B; μ) be a σ-finite measure space and let H ⊂ L2(X; μ) be a separable reproducing kernel Hilbert space on X. We show that the multiplier algebra of H has property (A1(1)).
Seismic reliability of steel moment resisting framed buildings retrofitted with buckling restrained braces
Authors: Güneyisi Esra Mete 
Published: August 2011

SUMMARYThe present paper investigates the seismic reliability of the application of buckling restrained braces (BRBs) for seismic retrofitting of steel moment resisting framed buildings through fragility analysis. Samples of regular three‐storey and eight‐storey steel moment resisting frames were designed with lateral stiffness insufficient to comply with the code drift limitations imposed for steel moment resisting frame systems in earthquake‐prone regions. The frames were then retrofitted with concentrically chevron conventional braces and BRBs. To obtain robust estimators of the seismic reliability, a database including a wide range of natural earthquake ground motion records with markedly different characteristics was used in the fragility analysis. Nonlinear time history analyses were utilized to analyze the structures subjected to these earthquake records. The improvement of seismic reliability achieved through the use of conventional braces and BRBs was evaluated by comparing the fragility curves of the three‐storey and eight‐storey model frames before and after retrofits, considering the probabilities of four distinct damage states. Moreover, the feasibility of mitigating the seismic response of moment resisting steel structures by using conventional braces and BRBs was determined through seismic risk analysis. The results obtained indicate that both conventional braces and especially BRBs improve significantly the seismic behavior of the original building by increasing the median values of the structural fragility curves and reducing the probabilities of exceedance of each damage state. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Lrp5 and Lrp6 play compensatory roles in mouse intestinal development
Authors: Zhong Zhendong , Baker Jacob J. , Zylstra‐Diegel Cassandra R. , Williams Bart O. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractLow‐density lipoprotein receptor‐related proteins 5 and 6 (Lrp5 and Lrp6) are co‐receptors of Wnt ligands and play important roles in Wnt/β‐catenin signal transduction. Mice homozygous for a germline deletion of Lrp6 die at birth with several associated defects, while Lrp5‐deficient mice are viable. Here, we conditionally deleted Lrp5 and/or Lrp6 in the mouse gut (gut−/−) by crossing mice carrying floxed alleles of Lrp5 and Lrp6 to a strain expressing Cre recombinase from the villin promoter (villin‐Cre). The changes in morphology, differentiation, and Wnt signal transduction were validated using immunohistochemistry and other staining. Consistent with observations in mice carrying a homozygous germline deletion in Lrp5, intestinal development in Lrp5gut−/− mice was normal. In addition, mice homozygous for villin‐Cre‐induced deletion of Lrp6 (Lrp6gut−/−) were viable with apparently normal intestinal differentiation and function. However, mice homozygous for villin‐Cre inactivated alleles of both genes (Lrp5gut−/−; Lrp6gut−/−) died within 1 day of birth. Analysis of embryonic Lrp5gut−/−; Lrp6gut−/− intestinal epithelium showed a progressive loss of cells, an absence of proliferation, and a premature differentiation of crypt stem/precursor cells; no notable change in differentiation was observed in the embryos lacking either gene alone. Further immunohistochemical studies showed that expression of the Wnt/β‐catenin target, cyclin D1, was specifically reduced in the intestinal epithelium of Lrp5gut−/−; Lrp6gut−/− embryos. Our data demonstrate that Lrp5 and Lrp6 play redundant roles in intestinal epithelium development, and that Lrp5/6 might regulate intestinal stem/precursor cell maintenance by regulating Wnt/β‐catenin signaling. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 31–38, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Direct modulation of the protein kinase a catalytic subunit α by growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases
Authors: Caldwell George B. , Howe Alan K. , Nickl Christian K. , Dostmann Wolfgang R. , Ballif Bryan A. , Deming Paula B. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe cyclic‐AMP‐dependent protein kinase A (PKA) regulates processes such as cell proliferation and migration following activation of growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), yet the signaling mechanisms that link PKA with growth factor receptors remain largely undefined. Here we report that RTKs can directly modulate the function of the catalytic subunit of PKA (PKA‐C) through post‐translational modification. In vitro kinase assays revealed that both the epidermal growth factor and platelet derived growth factor receptors (EGFR and PDGFR, respectively) tyrosine phosphorylate PKA‐C. Mass spectrometry identified tyrosine 330 (Y330) as a receptor‐mediated phosphorylation site and mutation of Y330 to phenylalanine (Y330F) all but abolished the RTK‐mediated phosphorylation of PKA‐C in vitro. Y330 resides within a conserved region at the C‐terminal tail of PKA‐C that allosterically regulates enzymatic activity. Therefore, the effect of phosphorylation at Y330 on the activity of PKA‐C was investigated. The Km for a peptide substrate was markedly decreased when PKA‐C subunits were tyrosine phosphorylated by the receptors as compared to un‐phosphorylated controls. Importantly, tyrosine‐phosphorylated PKA‐C subunits were detected in cells stimulated with EGF, PDGF, and Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) and in fibroblasts undergoing PDGF‐mediated chemotaxis. These results demonstrate a direct, functional interaction between RTKs and PKA‐C and identify tyrosine phosphorylation as a novel mechanism for regulating PKA activity. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 39–48, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
High rate of solitary sentinel node metastases identification by fluorescence‐guided lymphatic imaging in breast cancer
Authors: Hirche Christoph , Mohr Zarah , Kneif Sören , Murawa Dawid , Hünerbein Michael 
Published: August 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe lymph node status was shown to be an important prognostic factor for breast cancer, but controversial issues remain. There has been increased focus on optimizing the visualization of lymph nodes for an accurate and selective approach to axillary lymph nodes. Fluorescence‐guided lymphatic imaging is a potential candidate for further research on remaining controversies.MethodsForty‐seven patients were subject to injection of indocyanine green for navigation to the SLN based on fluorescent dye retention detection. In two groups, patients either received intended axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) and sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) for superstaging or isolated SLNB for minimal‐invasive staging. The prospective study was designed to evaluate the technical feasibility with focus on solitary positive SLN.ResultsVisualization of lymphatic vessels with bright fluorescence of the SLN was feasible in 46 of 47 patients. Eighteen of 19 nodal positive patients were correctly identified with a sensitivity of 94.7% in all patients after ALND. After immunohistochemistry, in 19 of 25 overall nodal positive patients (76%) the SLN was the only positive lymph node.ConclusionFluorescence‐guided imaging using fluorescence retention detection allows transcutaneous navigation with a high rate of solitary positive SLN identification as an alternative technique for further research. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 105:162–166. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
DIEL DIFFERENCES IN 0+ FISH SAMPLES: EFFECT OF RIVER SIZE AND HABITAT
Authors: Janáč M. , Jurajda P. 
Published: August 2011

ABSTRACTStudies of diel patterns in 0+ fish assemblages in rivers are scarce and produce contradictory results. We compared day and night electrofishing samples at 29 sites on rivers of different sizes in the Czech Republic. Diel patterns of 0+ fish differed among sites, but were consistent within each river stretch. River size was negatively correlated with both the day : night ratio of abundance (day samples produced more 0+ fish in smaller streams, night samples produced more 0+ fish in larger rivers) and similarity between day and night assemblage. A higher day : night ratio of abundance and lower similarity between day and night samples were observed at shelter‐lacking habitats (beach) compared with shelter‐providing habitats (boulder bank and flooded terrestrial vegetation). Differences in 0+ fish size were not dependant on diel period, river size, habitat or species. Day‐only or night‐only samples provided only two‐third of the information provided by a combination of day and night samples. The effect of habitat type and river size on diel differences in electrofishing catches should be considered when deciding on 0+ fish sampling protocol. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
RNA dynamics: perspectives from spin labels
Authors: Nguyen Phuong , Qin Peter Z. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractDynamics are important and indispensible physical attributes that play essential roles in RNA function. RNA dynamics are complex, spanning vast timescales, and encompassing a large number of physical modes. The technique of site‐directed spin labeling (SDSL), which derives information on local structural and dynamic features of a macromolecule by monitoring a chemically stable nitroxide radical using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, has been applied to monitor intrinsic dynamics at defined structural states as well as to probe conformational transition dynamics of RNAs. The current state of SDSL studies of RNA dynamics is summarized here. Further development and application of SDSL promise to open up many more opportunities for probing RNA dynamics and connecting dynamics to structure and function.WIREs RNA2012, 3:62–72. doi: 10.1002/wrna.104This article is categorized under:RNA Structure and Dynamics > RNA Structure, Dynamics, and Chemistry
Clinical utilization of postoperative dendritic cell vaccine plus activated T‐cell transfer in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Shimizu Koichi , Kotera Yoshihito , Aruga Atsushi , Takeshita Nobuhiro , Takasaki Ken , Yamamoto Masakazu 
Published: August 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe prognosis of patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is extremely poor and the recurrence rate after curative operation is very high. There is no standard treatment to prevent recurrence of ICC. In this study, we investigated the clinical utilization of a dendritic cell vaccine plus activated T‐cell transfer in an adjuvant setting for postoperative ICC.Methods36 patients with ICC were vaccinated at least 3 times with autologous tumor lysate pulsed dendritic cells plus ex‐vivo activated T‐cell transfer. The 5‐year progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were measured and compared with those of 26 patients who received the curative operation alone as a concurrent control. The registration number was UMIN000005820.ResultsThe median PFS and OS were 18.3 and 31.9 months in the patients receiving adjuvant immunotherapy and 7.7 and 17.4 months in the group receiving surgery alone (p = 0.005 and 0.022, respectively). In the treated group, patients whose skin reactions were 3 cm or more at the vaccine site showed dramatically better prognosis (PFSp < 0.001, OSp = 0.001).ConclusionsA postoperative dendritic cell vaccine plus activated T‐cell transfer would be a feasible and effective treatment for preventing recurrence and achieving long‐term survival in ICC patients.
Redox‐proteomics of the effects of homogentisic acid in an in vitro human serum model of alkaptonuric ochronosis
Authors: Braconi Daniela , Bianchini Claretta , Bernardini Giulia , Laschi Marcella , Millucci Lia , Spreafico Adriano , Santucci Annalisa 
Published: August 2011

AbstractAlkaptonuria (AKU) is a rare inborn error of metabolism associated with a deficient activity of homogentisate 1,2‐dioxygenase (HGO), an enzyme involved in tyrosine and phenylalanine metabolism. Such a deficiency leads to the accumulation of homogentisic acid (HGA) and its oxidized/polymerized products in connective tissues, where melanin‐like pigments accumulate (ochronosis). Ochronosis involves especially joints, where an ochronotic arthropathy develops. Little is known on the molecular mechanisms leading to ochronosis and ochronotic arthropathy in AKU. Previous works of ours showed that HGA in vitro propagates oxidative stress through its conversion into benzoquinone acetate (BQA). We hence used an in vitro model consisting of human serum treated with HGA and evaluated the activities of glutathione related anti‐oxidant enzymes and levels of compounds indexes of oxidative stress. Proteomics and redox‐proteomics were used to identify oxidized proteins and proteins more likely able to bind BQA. Overall, we found that the production of ochronotic pigment in HGA‐treated serum is accompanied by lipid peroxidation, decreased activity of the enzyme glutathione peroxidase and massive depletion of thiol groups, together with increased protein carbonylation and thiol oxidation. We also found that BQA was likely to bind carrier proteins and naturally abundant serum proteins, eventually altering their chemico‐physical properties. Concluding, our work points towards a critical importance of thiol compounds in counteracting HGA‐ and BQA‐ mediated stress in AKU, so that future research for disease biomarkers and pharmacological treatments for AKU and ochronosis will be more easily addressed.
Mitochondrial ATP synthase: architecture, function and pathology
Authors: Jonckheere An I. , Smeitink Jan A. M. , Rodenburg Richard J. T. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractHuman mitochondrial (mt) ATP synthase, or complex V consists of two functional domains: F1, situated in the mitochondrial matrix, and Fo, located in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Complex V uses the energy created by the proton electrochemical gradient to phosphorylate ADP to ATP. This review covers the architecture, function and assembly of complex V. The role of complex V di‐and oligomerization and its relation with mitochondrial morphology is discussed. Finally, pathology related to complex V deficiency and current therapeutic strategies are highlighted. Despite the huge progress in this research field over the past decades, questions remain to be answered regarding the structure of subunits, the function of the rotary nanomotor at a molecular level, and the human complex V assembly process. The elucidation of more nuclear genetic defects will guide physio(patho)logical studies, paving the way for future therapeutic interventions.