bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Control of sediment dynamics by vegetation as a key function driving biogeomorphic succession within fluvial corridors
Authors: Corenblit Dov , Steiger Johannes , Gurnell Angela M. , Tabacchi Eric , Roques Lydie 
Published: October 2009

AbstractRiparian vegetation responds to hydrogeomorphic disturbances and environmental changes and also controls these changes. Here, we propose that the control of sediment erosion and deposition by riparian vegetation is a key geomorphological and ecological (i.e. biogeomorphic) function within fluvial corridors. In a 3 year study, we investigated the correlations between riparian vegetation and hydrogeomorphic dynamics along a transverse gradient from the main channel to the floodplain of the River Tech, France. Sediment erosion and deposition rates varied significantly along the transverse gradient as a function of the vegetation biovolume intercepting water flow. These effects, combined with the extremely strong mechanical resistance of pioneer woody structures and strong resilience of pioneer labile herbaceous communities, Populus nigra and Salix spp., explain the propensity of biogeomorphic succession (i.e. the synergy between vegetation succession and landform construction) to progress between destructive floods. This geomorphological function newly identified as an ‘ecosystem function’ per se encompasses the coupling of habitat and landform creation, maintenance and change with fundamental ecosystem structural changes in space and in time. Three different biogeomorphic functions, all related to the concept of ecosystem engineering, were identified: (i) the function of pioneer herbaceous communities to retain fine sediment and diaspores in the exposed zones of the active tract near the water resource, facilitating recruitment of further herbaceous and Salicacea species; (ii) the function of woody vegetation to drive the construction of forested islands and floodplains; and (iii) the function of stabilised riparian forests to act as ‘diversity reservoirs’ which can support regeneration after destructive floods. Overall, this study based on empirical data points to the fundamental importance of sediment flow control by pioneer riparian vegetation in defining fluvial ecosystem and landform organisation in time and in space. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Treatment of an extracapsular post‐renal biopsy pseudoaneurysm with ultrasound‐guided thrombin injection
Authors: Eng Mary , Vaughan Thomas E. , Woo Danny , Buell Joseph F. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractPercutaneous renal biopsy is a convenient method to obtain allograft tissue for histologic evaluation. Vascular complications, such as arteriovenous (AV) fistula and pseudoaneurysm, following renal biopsy are well known, and they usually resolve without further intervention. When symptomatic, they should be treated. We present a patient on chronic anticoagulation who developed a pseudoaneurysm after percutaneous renal biopsy. Applying techniques learned in the management of femoral artery pseudoaneurysm, we treated our patient with ultrasound‐guided thrombin injection. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2010
3D velocity quantification in the heart: Improvements by 3D PC‐SSFP
Authors: Rolf Marijn P. , Hofman Mark B.M. , Kuijer Joost P.A. , van Rossum Albert C. , Heethaar Rob M. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractPurpose:To test whether a 3D imaging sequence with phase contrast (PC) velocity encoding based on steady‐state free precession (SSFP) improves 3D velocity quantification in the heart compared to the currently available gradient echo (GE) approach.Materials and Methods:The 3D PC‐SSFP sequence with 1D velocity encoding was compared at the mitral valve in 12 healthy subjects with 3D PC‐GE at 1.5T. Velocity measurements, velocity‐to‐noise‐ratio efficiency (VNReff), intra‐ and interobserver variability of area and velocity measurements, contrast‐to‐noise‐ratio (CNR), and artifact sensitivity were evaluated in both long‐ and short‐axis orientation.Results:Descending aorta mean and peak velocities correlated well (r2 = 0.79 and 0.93) between 3D PC‐SSFP and 3D PC‐GE. At the mitral valve, mean velocity correlation was moderate (r2 = 0.70 short axis, 0.56 long axis) and peak velocity showed good correlation (r2 = 0.94 short axis, 0.81 long axis). In some cases VNReff was higher, in others lesser, depending on slab orientation and cardiac phase. Intra‐ and interobserver variability was generally better for 3D PC‐SSFP. CNR improved significantly, especially at end systole. Artifact levels did not increase.Conclusion:3D SSFP velocity quantification was successfully tested in the heart. Blood‐myocardium contrast improved significantly, resulting in more reproducible velocity measurements for 3D PC‐SSFP at 1.5T. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2009;30:947–955. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Resovist enhanced MR imaging of the liver: Does quantitative assessment help in focal lesion classification and characterization?
Authors: Santoro Lucia , Grazioli Luigi , Filippone Antonella , Grassedonio Emanuele , Belli Giacomo , Colagrande Stefano 
Published: October 2009

AbstractPurpose:To improve characterization of focal liver lesions by a prospective quantitative analysis of percentage signal intensity change, in dynamic and late phases after slow (0.5 mL/s) Resovist administration.Materials and Methods:Seventy‐three patients were submitted on clinical indication to MR examination with Resovist. Signal intensity of 92 detected focal lesions (5–80 mm) were measured with regions of interest and normalized to paravertebral muscle in arterial, portal, equilibrium and T1/T2 late phases, by two observers in conference. Five values of percentage variations per patient were obtained and statistically evaluated.Results:The enhancement obtained on dynamic study is more suitable in hemangiomas and focal nodular hyperplasias than in adenomas and hepatocellular carcinomas. To discriminate benign versus malignant lesions on late‐phase‐T2‐weighted images, a cutoff = −26%, allowed sensitivity and specificity values of 97.4% and 97.7%, respectively. Area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.99. To differentiate hemangioma versus all other focal liver lesions, on late‐phase‐T1‐weighted images, a cutoff = +40% permitted sensitivity and specificity values of 90.5% and 98.0%, respectively. Area under the ROC curve was 0.98.Conclusion:Late phase quantitative evaluation after slow Resovist administration, allows to differentiate malignant from benign hepatic masses and hemangiomas from all the others focal liver lesions, on T2‐/T1‐weighted acquisitions, respectively. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2009;30:1012–1020. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Diffusion‐weighted MR imaging of the liver at 3.0 Tesla using TRacking Only Navigator echo (TRON): A feasibility study
Authors: Ivancevic Marko K. , Kwee Thomas C. , Takahara Taro , Ogino Tetsuo , Hussain Hero K. , Liu Peter S. , Chenevert Thomas L. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractPurpose:To assess the feasibility of TRacking Only Navigator echo (TRON) for diffusion‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) of the liver at 3.0T.Materials and Methods:Ten volunteers underwent TRON, respiratory triggered, and free breathing DWI of the liver at 3.0 Tesla (T). Scan times were measured. Image sharpness, degree of stair‐step and stripe artifacts for the three methods were assessed by two observers.Results:Mean scan times of TRON and respiratory triggered DWI relative to free breathing DWI were 34% and 145% longer respectively. In four of eight comparisons (two observers, two b‐values, two slice orientations), TRON DWI image sharpness was significantly better than free breathing DWI, but inferior to respiratory triggered DWI. In two of four comparisons (two observers, two b‐values), degree of stair‐step artifacts in TRON DWI was significantly lower than in respiratory triggered DWI. Degree of stripe artifacts between the three methods was not significantly different.Conclusion:DWI of the liver at 3.0T using TRON is feasible. Image sharpness in TRON DWI is superior to that in free breathing DWI. Although image sharpness of respiratory triggered DWI is still better, TRON DWI requires less scan time and reduces stair‐step artifacts. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2009;30:1027–1033. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Measurement of R1 dynamics using sliding window‐DESPOT
Authors: Schulz Jessica , Korn Matthias , Woenne Eva C. , Umathum Reiner , Briel Andreas , Hengerer Arne , Semmler Wolfhard , Bock Michael 
Published: October 2009

AbstractPurpose:To measure longitudinal relaxation rate (R1) changes during contrast agent studies using a driven equilibrium single pulse observation of T1 (DESPOT) method with a sliding window (sw) acquisition.Materials and Methods:A sw‐DESPOT technique was implemented that uses several three‐dimensional (3D) image data sets to calculate R1 with a temporal resolution of only a single data set. Different sources of systematic errors were studied in simulations, and the technique was tested in a tumor‐bearing mouse using an intravascular contrast agent.Results:Consistent concentration distributions of the CA were calculated with a temporal resolution of 10 s.Conclusion:Sw‐DESPOT offers a precise and fast method to monitor the CA dynamics in 3D volumes. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2009;30:1163–1170. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cardiac function by MRI in congenital heart disease: Impact of consensus training on interinstitutional variance
Authors: Beerbaum Philipp , Barth Peter , Kropf Siegfried , Sarikouch Samir , Kelter‐Kloepping Andrea , Franke Diana , Gutberlet Matthias , Kuehne Titus 
Published: October 2009

AbstractPurpose:To investigate the impact of interinstitutional variance (=interobserver variance between institutions) for volumetric and flow cardiac MR (CMR) data and if training on image reading could improve bias.Materials and Methods:In a three‐center study, a total of 32 adults with repaired Tetralogy of Fallot and 23 controls underwent CMR using standardized protocols for ventricular volumes/mass (by transverse and short‐axis cine‐MRI) and pulmonary/aortic blood flow by velocity‐encoded MRI (VEC‐MRI). Data were analyzed blinded and independently in each institution by experienced readers. Interinstitutional variance was determined before/after training on consented guidelines for image analysis.Results:In patients, initial interinstitutional variability of right ventricular parameters was substantial but decreased by training. On transverse planes, variation coefficient for end‐diastolic/systolic volumes and ejection fraction decreased from 22%, 19%, and 19% to 7%, 10%, and 8%, respectively (P < 0.025). Left‐ventricular variation coefficients improved for end‐diastolic and stroke volumes from 8% and 15% to 4% and 6%, respectively (P < 0.007). For short‐axis volumetry training resulted in narrowed limits of confidence. Variability did not significantly change in the controls. There was no significant difference between transverse/short‐axis MRI. Interinstitutional variance for VEC‐MRI in patients/controls was low (<4%).Conclusion:Interinstitutional variance is an important source of variability in volumetric but not in flow CMR. Such variance can be reduced effectively by consented training. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2009;30:956–966. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Liver parenchymal enhancement of hepatocyte‐phase images in Gd‐EOB‐DTPA‐enhanced MR imaging: Which biological markers of the liver function affect the enhancement?
Authors: Motosugi Utaroh , Ichikawa Tomoaki , Sou Hironobu , Sano Katsuhiro , Tominaga Licht , Kitamura Takatoshi , Araki Tsutomu 
Published: October 2009

AbstractPurpose:To clarify the factors that predict enhancement of the liver parenchyma in hepatocyte‐phase of gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Gd‐EOB‐DTPA)‐enhanced MR imaging.Materials and Methods:Gd‐EOB‐DTPA–enhanced hepatocyte‐phase MR images of 198 patients with chronic liver diseases (Child‐Pugh class A in 112 patients, class B in 74 patients, and class C in 12 patients) were retrospectively analyzed. The hepatocyte‐phase images were obtained using fat‐suppressed T1‐weighted gradient‐echo images with a 3D acquisition sequence 10 min and 20 min after IV administration of Gd‐EOB‐DTPA (0.025 mmol/kg body weight). The quantitative liver–spleen contrast ratio (Q‐LSC) was calculated using the signal intensities of the liver and spleen. Serum albumin levels, total bilirubin levels, prothrombin activity, and the results of indocyanine green clearance tests (ICGs) were recorded and correlated with the Q‐LSC. Logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze which factors predict sufficient liver enhancement using a Q‐LSC of 1.5 as a cutoff value.Results:Only ICGs and Child‐Pugh classifications showed a statistically significant correlation with the Q‐LSC. Logistic regression analysis showed that ICGs were the only factors that accurately predicted liver enhancement on hepatocyte‐phase images.Conclusion:ICGs were found to be predictors of sufficient liver enhancement on hepatocyte‐phase images. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2009;30:1042–1046. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Surface‐enhanced Raman scattering from polystyrene on gold clusters
Authors: Anema J. R. , Brolo A. G. , Felten A. , Bittencourt C. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractSurface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) constitutes a spectroscopic method of rapidly growing importance, and polystyrene is a widely used compound of great industrial importance. In this work, SERS data were obtained from polystyrene samples prepared by vapor deposition of gold and plasma‐induced polymerization of styrene gas. A thorough examination of this data is presented. The relationships between sample preparation parameters, gold‐cluster morphology, and SERS intensity were elucidated. Using Wilson's notation, vibrations were assigned to all bands between 250 and 1750 cm−1 in the ordinary Raman and SERS spectra of polystyrene. The correct assignment of these bands would be a significant achievement because they have been controversial in the literature for ∼30 years. Our assignments were made by reviewing the literature and comparing the assignments found there to spectral data acquired during this study; they were confirmed using density functional theory (DFT) calculations performed on the styrene monomer. The orientation of polystyrene's phenyl ring, relative to the gold surface, was determined. It has been suggested that reactions involving silver catalyze polystyrene degradation during SERS, but we found that silver is not necessary for the degradation to occur. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Epithelial differentiation of adipose‐derived stem cells for laryngeal tissue engineering
Authors: Long Jennifer L. , Zuk Patricia , Berke Gerald S. , Chhetri Dinesh K. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:One potential treatment option for severe vocal fold scarring is to replace the vocal fold cover layer with a tissue‐engineered structure containing autologous cells. As a first step toward that goal, we sought to develop a three‐dimensional cell‐populated matrix resembling the vocal fold layers of lamina propria and epithelium.Study Design:Basic science investigation.Methods:Adipose‐derived stem cells were cultured in fibrin hydrogels with various growth factors. At the end of the culture period, matrices were sectioned and labeled with immunomarkers to identify cell phenotype.Results:Adipose‐derived stem cells survived, attached, and populated three‐dimensional fibrin matrices. Under select conditions, a superficial layer of cells expressing epithelial marker proteins overlay a deeper mesenchymal cell layer.Conclusions:A three‐dimensional structure of fibrin and adipose‐derived stem cells was created as a prototype vocal fold replacement. Two segregated cell phenotypes occurred, producing a bilayered structure resembling epithelium over lamina propria. This preliminary work demonstrates the feasibility of tissue engineering to produce structures for vocal fold replacement. Laryngoscope, 2010
Chemical shift calibration of 1H MAS NMR liver tissue spectra exemplified using a study of glycine protection of galactosamine toxicity
Authors: Hong Young‐Shick , Coen Muireann , Rhode Cynthia M. , Reily Michael D. , Robertson Donald G. , Holmes Elaine , Lindon John C. , Nicholson Jeremy K. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractHigh‐resolution 1H magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectroscopy is a useful tool for analysing intact tissues as a component of metabonomic studies. The effect of referencing MAS NMR spectra to the chemical shifts of glucose or to that or trimethylsilylpropionic acid on the resultant multivariate statistical models have been investigated. It is shown that referencing to known chemical shifts of either α‐glucose or β‐glucose in 1H MAS NMR‐based metabolic data of intact liver tissues is preferred. This has been exemplified in studies of galactosamine toxicity in the rat where co‐administration of glycine ameliorates the toxic response. This approach leads to better aligned sets of spectra and reduces the inter‐sample variability in multivariate statistical models. If glucose is not present in the tissue under study, then a number of alternative internal reference chemical shifts are presented. Finally, the chemical shift difference between that of the anomeric H1 proton of α‐glucose and residual water is confirmed as a suitable internal temperature calibration method. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Detection and quantification of flaws in structures by the extended finite element method and genetic algorithms
Authors: Waisman Haim , Chatzi Eleni , Smyth Andrew W. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThis paper investigates the extended finite element method (XFEM)‐GA detection algorithm proposed by Rabinovich et al. (Int. J. Numer. Meth. Engng 2007; 71(9):1051–1080; Int. J. Numer. Meth. Engng 2009; 77(3):337–359) on elastostatic problems with different types of flaws. This algorithm is designed for non‐destructive assessment of structural components. Trial flaws are modeled using the XFEM as the forward problem and genetic algorithms (GAs) are employed as the optimization method to converge to the true flaw location and size. The main advantage of the approach is that XFEM alleviates the need for re‐meshing the domain at every new iteration of the inverse solution process and GAs have proven to be robust and efficient optimization techniques in particular for this type of problems.In this paper the XFEM‐GA methodology is applied to elastostatic problems where flaws are considered as straight cracks, circular holes and non‐regular‐shaped holes. Measurements are obtained from strain sensors that are attached to the surface of the structure at specific locations and provide the target solution to the GA. The results show convergence robustness and accuracy provided that a sufficient number of sensors are employed and sufficiently large flaws are considered. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Adipocytokines in relation to Hodgkin lymphoma in children
Authors: Petridou Eleni Th. , Dessypris Nick , Panagopoulou Paraskevi , Sergentanis Theodoros N. , Mentis Alexios‐Fotios A. , Pourtsidis Apostolos , Polychronopoulou Sophia , Kalmanti Maria , Athanasiadou‐Piperopoulou Fani , Moschovi Maria 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThis case–control study aims to explore the association of serum adiponectin/leptin with childhood Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). Study participants were 75 children with histologically confirmed HL, registered in the Nationwide Registry for Childhood Haematological Malignancies and 75 age‐ and gender‐matched controls. Multiple conditional logistic regression analyses were performed, adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyle parameters. Adiponectin levels were consistently higher among cases in all models with ORs >1.25; 95% CIs ranging from 0.9 to 1.8 and P‐values from 0.09 to 0.20. By contrast, there was no association of serum leptin with HL. In conclusion, elevated serum adiponectin might be a risk factor for childhood HL. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010;54:311–315. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Rapamycin (sirolimus) in tuberous sclerosis associated pediatric central nervous system tumors
Authors: Lam Catherine , Bouffet Eric , Tabori Uri , Mabbott Donald , Taylor Michael , Bartels Ute 
Published: October 2009

AbstractTuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is associated with hamartomatous growths including subependymal giant cell astrocytomas (SEGAs). Since chemo‐radiation therapies offer scant benefit, oncologists had traditionally been little involved in managing SEGAs. Recent evidence demonstrating rapamycin efficacy in adults and children with TSC‐associated tumors foresee a practice change. We summarize our institutional experience and literature review that highlight potential benefits and hazards of rapamycin therapy, for TSC patients with SEGA, and other syndromal brain tumors. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010;54:476–479. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
MGMT as a potential stratification marker in relapsed high‐grade glioma of children: The HIT‐GBM experience
Authors: Schlosser Sabrina , Wagner Sabine , Mühlisch Jörg , Hasselblatt Martin , Gerß Joachim , Wolff Johannes E.A. , Frühwald Michael C. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBackgroundStudies in adults with malignant glioma suggest MGMT methylation as a stratification marker. Similar data for children are sparse. We investigated the impact of MGMT methylation and expression on survival of children with high‐grade glioma (HGG) registered into the German HIT‐GBM database receiving temozolomide (TMZ) as part of their treatment (n = 21 relapsed, n = 4 primary).ProcedureTwenty‐four patients were included retrospectively. Methylation specific PCR (MSP), calibrated combined bisulfite restriction analysis (COBRA), and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were applied. Survival analyses were performed by Kaplan–Meier and Cox proportional‐hazards models.ResultsMSP demonstrated DNA methylation in 77%. Patients with a methylated MGMT promoter had a sixfold longer median EFS (P = 0.015; 5.5 months vs. 0.9 months). Considering the results of calibrated COBRA, MGMT methylation was again associated with an elevated EFS (P = 0.05; 10.2 months vs. 2.6 months) and OS (P = 0.06; 18.7 months vs. 7.2 months) only if methylation was >14%. No difference in EFS and OS at all was noted between unmethylated and tumors methylated at low level (n = 9). Twenty‐two tumors were positive by IHC, 10 showed low MGMT expression (IHC score 0–4). We did not detect any difference in EFS and OS between moderate/high‐expressing tumors (IHC score 6–12) and those with low or no expression (IHC score 0–4).ConclusionDNA methylation, but not protein expression of MGMT was associated with an increased median EFS and OS of children with relapsed HGG. MGMT methylation status warrants prospective evaluation as a stratification marker for children with HGG. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010;54:228–237. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.