bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A multilevel analysis of changing telehealth availability in opioid use disorder treatment settings: Conditional effects of rurality, the number and types of medication for opioid use disorder available, and time, US, 2016–2023
Authors: Pro George , Cantor Jonathan , Willis Don , Gu Mofan , Fairman Brian , Baloh Jure , Montgomery Brooke EE 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPurposeThe opioid overdose crisis requires strengthening treatment systems with innovative technologies. How people use telehealth for opioid use disorder (OUD) is evolving and differs in rural versus urban areas, as telehealth is emerging as a local resource and complementary option to in‐person treatment. We assessed changing trends in telehealth and medication for OUD (MOUD) and pinpoint locations of low telehealth and MOUD access.MethodsWe used national data from the Mental health and Addiction Treatment Tracking Repository (2016‐2023) to identify specialty outpatient SUD treatment facilities in the United States (N = 83,988). We modeled the availability of telehealth using multilevel multivariable logistic regression, adjusting for covariates. We included a 3‐way interaction to test for conditional effects of rurality, the number of MOUD medication types dispensed, and year. We included two random effects to account for clustering within counties and states.FindingsWe identified 495 facilities that offered both telehealth and all three MOUD medication types (methadone, buprenorphine, naltrexone) in 2023, clustered in the eastern United States. We identified a statistically significant 3‐way interaction (p < 0.0001), indicating that telehealth in facilities that did not offer MOUD shifted from more telehealth in rural facilities in earlier years to more telehealth in urban facilities in later years.ConclusionsTreatment facilities that offer both telehealth and all three MOUD medication types may improve access for hard‐to‐reach populations. We stress the importance of continued health system strengthening and technological resources in vulnerable rural communities, while acknowledging a changing landscape of increased OUD incidence and MOUD demand in urban communities.
W chromosome sequences of two bombycid moths provide an insight into the origin of Fem
Authors: Lee Jung , Fujimoto Toshiaki , Yamaguchi Katsushi , Shigenobu Shuji , Sahara Ken , Toyoda Atsushi , Shimada Toru 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFem is a W‐linked gene that encodes a piRNA precursor, and its product, Fem piRNA, is a master factor of female determination in Bombyx mori. Fem has low similarity to any known sequences, and the origin of Fem remains unclear. So far, two hypotheses have been proposed for the origin of Fem: The first hypothesis is that Fem is an allele of Masc, which assumes that the W chromosome was originally a homologous chromosome of the Z chromosome. The second hypothesis is that Fem arose by the transposition of Masc to the W chromosome. To explore the origin of Fem, we determined the W chromosome sequences of B. mori and, as a comparison, a closely relative bombycid species of Trilocha varians with a Fem‐independent sex determination system. To our surprise, although the sequences of W and Z chromosomes show no homology to each other, a few pairs of homologues are shared by W and Z chromosomes, indicating the W chromosome of both species originated from Z chromosome. In addition, the W chromosome of T. varians lacks Fem, while the W chromosome of B. mori has over 100 copies of Fem. The high‐quality assembly of the W chromosome of B. mori arose the third hypothesis about the origin of Fem: Fem is a chimeric sequence of multiple transposons. More than half of one transcriptional unit of Fem shows a significant homology to RTE‐BovB. Moreover, the Fem piRNA‐producing region could correspond to the boundary of the two transposons, gypsy and satellite DNA.
Importance Sampling Combined With Separable Monte Carlo for Efficient Reliability Analysis of Linear Dynamic Structures
Authors: Norouzi Mahdi , Thapa Badal 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The reliability of a structure under random dynamic load could be measured by estimating the probability of its response, e.g., a stress element or a node displacement, passing a threshold. Such analyses often require time domain simulation, especially for nonlinear systems. For systems with high reliability with a probability of failure less than 10−4, if Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) is used, an enormous number of replications must be completed which becomes impractical for real-life structures. Variance reduction techniques such as Importance Sampling (IS) or other methods such as Separable Monte Carlo (SMC), and Markov Chain Monte-Carlo (MCMC) could be employed to improve the efficiency. In this study, we investigate the utility of combining Important Sampling (IS) and SMC for improving the efficiency of time-domain reliability analysis of a structural system. The proposed method, called IS-SMCM in this paper, is a simulation-based method that applies to large structures with many degrees of freedom with proportional or nonproportional damping, excited by a single or numerous time-varying forces. However, since this method is based on superposition, it is suitable for linear structures. The technique will be investigated using an example involving a 10-bar truss excited by two random dynamic loads. The accuracy of the reliability estimates from the proposed method is comparable with those from standard MCS at a fraction of the cost of it.
Numerical Modeling and Analysis of Breathing-Induced Displacements in a Wind Turbine Blade Trailing Edge Panel: A Parametric Study
Authors: Moroney Patrick D. , Verma Amrit S. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
As wind turbine blades become larger, the impact of edgewise gravity loads becomes increasingly critical. One significant problem related to these loads is known as “breathing,” which is the cyclic out-of-plane motion of the trailing edge panels. Breathing can cause several issues in wind turbine blades, including increased peel stresses in the adhesive joint at the trailing edge and in severe cases, result in trailing edge splitting. Despite its importance, there is a lack of comprehensive understanding of breathing and its effect on the blade’s trailing edge fatigue performance. This paper employs the DTU 10 MW reference wind turbine model to study the breathing effects, explicitly focusing on the displacement of trailing edge panels due to gravitational loads, aerodynamic loads, and their combined influence. Additionally, the study introduces modifications to the DTU 10 MW blade to evaluate the impact of various parameters on the breathing displacements such as different positions along the blade length, different points along the trailing edge panels, and the inclusion of an additional web near the trailing edge. The results of the study show that the breathing-induced displacement of trailing edge panels near the blade’s maximum chord region can be primarily dominated by gravitational loads. However, the displacement closer to the blade tip is mainly influenced by aerodynamic loads. Furthermore, the utilization of a third web reduces the overall displacement of panels, as it helps decrease the length of unsupported panels in the blade’s cross-section. By predicting the breathing-induced displacements in wind turbine blades, future research efforts will focus on understanding their effect on the peel stresses in the adhesive joint and fatigue life of wind turbine blades.
A Novel Machine Learning Framework for Digital Estimation of Allowables in Aerospace Composites
Authors: Eskandariyun Amirali , Fu Huilong , Stere Alexandru , Bauer Andrew , Reynolds Carla , Chengalva Mahesh , Dong Shannon , Dong John , Brunton Steven , Zobeiry Navid 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The certification of composite aerostructures traditionally follows a labor-intensive process involving extensive testing campaigns that encompass a range of environmental conditions, testing geometry, loading conditions, lay-up, and material architecture. This approach requires repeating tests from different batches to establish statistical significance and determine A-basis and B-basis design allowables, resulting in high costs and time consumption. Moreover, it limits design exploration and hinders the qualification and certification of new materials and designs. While composite failure simulation techniques have evolved over the past decade, they are often slow and overlook material variability and uncertainties. The calibration of high-fidelity simulation models is also complex. Low-fidelity models and reduced-order modeling have been used to address these issues, but their accuracy and applicability are in question. Multi-scale simulation methods have been developed to consider composite structures, yet they tend to neglect the impact of processing-induced defects on performance. Recent attempts to incorporate machine learning (ML) in the certification process have faced challenges due to the difficulty of obtaining necessary training data from high-fidelity and multi-scale simulations. In the proposed framework, material and processing uncertainties are considered by integrating stochastic process simulation with stochastic failure analysis, focusing on the effects of processing-induced defects on failure. This approach uses both low-fidelity and high-fidelity finite element (FE) simulations and multi-scale simulations to generate data for training ML models. These models serve to quantify uncertainty using a Monte Carlo approach, ultimately yielding digital design allowables. A case study with Hexcel AS4/8552 material illustrates the framework’s application, estimating design allowables while accounting for heat transfer uncertainties, residual stress variations, and volume fraction variations. These digitally estimated design allowables are subsequently validated against publicly available experimental data. This framework has the potential to revolutionize the certification process, reducing costs and time while enhancing design exploration and flexibility.
Genome-Wide Analysis to Assess if Heavy Alcohol Consumption Modifies the Association between SNPs and Pancreatic Cancer Risk
Authors: Ni Zhanmo , Kundu Prosenjit , McKean David F. , Wheeler William , Albanes Demetrius , Andreotti Gabriella , Antwi Samuel O. , Arslan Alan A. , Bamlet William R. , Beane-Freeman Laura E. , Berndt Sonja I. , Bracci Paige M. , Brennan Paul , Buring Julie E. , Chanock Stephen J. , Gallinger Steven , Gaziano J.M. , Giles Graham G. , Giovannucci Edward L. , Goggins Michael G. , Goodman Phyllis J. , Haiman Christopher A. , Hassan Manal M. , Holly Elizabeth A. , Hung Rayjean J. , Katzke Verena , Kooperberg Charles , Kraft Peter , LeMarchand Loic , Li Donghui , McCullough Marjorie L. , Milne Roger L. , Moore Steven C. , Neale Rachel E. , Oberg Ann L. , Patel Alpa V. , Peters Ulrike , Rabe Kari G. , Risch Harvey A. , Shu Xiao-Ou , Smith-Byrne Karl , Visvanathan Kala , Wactawski-Wende Jean , White Emily , Wolpin Brian M. , Yu Herbert , Zeleniuch-Jacquotte Anne , Zheng Wei , Zhong Jun , Amundadottir Laufey T. , Stolzenberg-Solomon Rachael Z. , Klein Alison P. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:
Pancreatic cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death globally. Risk factors for pancreatic cancer include common genetic variants and potentially heavy alcohol consumption. We assessed if genetic variants modify the association between heavy alcohol consumption and pancreatic cancer risk.

Methods:
We conducted a genome-wide interaction analysis of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) by heavy alcohol consumption (more than three drinks per day) for pancreatic cancer in European ancestry populations from genome-wide association studies. Our analysis included 3,707 cases and 4,167 controls from case–control studies and 1,098 cases and 1,162 controls from cohort studies. Fixed-effect meta-analyses were conducted.

Results:
A potential novel region of association on 10p11.22, lead SNP rs7898449 (interaction P value (Pinteraction) = 5.1 × 10−8 in the meta-analysis; Pinteraction = 2.1 × 10−9 in the case–control studies; Pinteraction = 0.91 in the cohort studies), was identified. An SNP correlated with this lead SNP is an expression quantitative trait locus for the neuropilin 1 gene. Of the 17 genomic regions with genome-wide significant evidence of association with pancreatic cancer in prior studies, we observed suggestive evidence that heavy alcohol consumption modified the association for one SNP near LINC00673, rs11655237 on 17q25.1 (Pinteraction = 0.004).

Conclusions:
We identified a novel genomic region that may be associated with pancreatic cancer risk in conjunction with heavy alcohol consumption located near an expression quantitative trait locus for neuropilin 1, a protein that plays an important role in the development and progression of pancreatic cancer.

Impact:
This work can provide insights into the etiology of pancreatic cancer, particularly in heavy drinkers.
Good Outcome In Open Globe Injury With Intraocular Foreign Body
Authors: Rahayu Widhyasti  , Widyanatha Made Indra , S. Kartasasmita Arief , Iskandar Erwin , Virgana Rova , Ihsan Grimaldi 
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Intraocular foreign body (IOFB) represents the second most common cause of open globe injury (OGI) and critical ophthalmic emergency that requires urgent diagnosis and treatment to prevent blindness. It can cause direct damage via entry into the eye and causing future damage. The immediate pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) surgery in post-traumatic endophthalmitis is beneficial for optimizing visual prognosis.
Case report: A 55-year-old male patient came to the Emergency Room tertiary referral hospital with chief complaints of blurry vision, pain, and red-eye in his right eye 3 days before admission. The patient’s right eye was hit by a fragment of the sickle knife while mowing the grass in the yard without protective eyeglasses. Painful on his right eye is getting worse accompanied by lacrimation. The patient went to Tertiary Eye Hospital because of his complaints getting worse. The patient was diagnosed with Open Globe Injury Type C grade D pupil B zone 1, suspect early endophthalmitis, traumatic cataract of the right eye, and hypertension. Pars plana vitrectomy, vitreous tap, antibiotic intravitreal injection (with Ceftazidime and Vancomycin), IOFB extraction, explore, corneal scraping on the wound, cultural resistance, primary hecting of the cornea were done. The visual acuity improves and the infection was resolved.
Conclusion : One of the most common traumas in ophthalmology is IOFB and it is considered an emergency condition. Proper ophthalmology examination and appropriate ancillary testing should be done to reveal this condition. Good management will give a good result of the patient’s visual prognosis.
East Pacific ENSO Offers Early Predictive Signals for Harvest Yields
Authors: LaPlante Matthew D. , Dalanhese Luthiene Alves , Deng Liping , Wang Shih-Yu Simon 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Annual wheat yields have steadily risen over the past century, but harvests remain highly variable and dependent on myriad weather conditions during a long growing season. In Kansas, for example, the 2014 crop year brought the lowest average yield in decades at 28 bushels per acre, while in 2016 farmers in the Wheat State, as Kansas is often called, enjoyed a historic high of 57 bushels per acre. It is broadly known that remote forces like El Niño–Southern Oscillation contribute to meteorological outcomes across North America, including in the wheat-growing regions of the U.S. Midwest, but the differential imprints of ENSO phases and flavors have not been well explored as leading indicators for harvest outcomes in highly specific agricultural regions, such as the more than 7 million acres upon which wheat is grown in Kansas. Here, we demonstrate a strong, steady, and long-term association between a simple “wheat yield index” and sea surface temperature anomalies, more than a year earlier, in the East Pacific, potentially offering insights into forthcoming harvest yields several seasons before planting commences.
Comparison of the Efficacy of Cephalosporins and Non-cephalosporins in Preventing Surgical Site Infections in Colorectal Surgery Patients: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Lin Zhenxi , Chen Xuebai 
Published: June 2024

Objective This study aims to compare the efficacy of cephalosporin and non-cephalosporin antibiotics in preventing surgical site infections (SSIs) in patients undergoing colorectal surgery, providing a scientific basis for the selection of perioperative antibiotics through systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods Adhering to the PRISMA guidelines, this research employed an extensive literature search strategy across multiple databases to identify relevant studies, including randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies. Inclusion criteria were studies on adults undergoing colorectal surgery who received preoperative prophylaxis with either cephalosporin or non-cephalosporin antibiotics. Exclusion criteria included preoperative diagnosis of infectious diseases and preoperative use of antimicrobial agents. Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.3 software to assess the effectiveness of both antibiotic classes in preventing SSIs, including subgroup analyses. Results Eight studies met the inclusion criteria, comprising 872 patients. Meta-analysis revealed that the incidence of SSI in the cephalosporin group was lower than in the non-cephalosporin group (14.8% vs 25.1%), with statistical significance (OR = 1.94, 95% CI: 1.38-2.74, PP = =0.0001). However, no significant difference in SSI risk was observed between the groups within 30 days (OR = =1.92, 95% CI: 1.08-3.42). Subgroup analysis indicated that higher-quality studies were associated with larger effect sizes. Conclusion This study suggests that cephalosporin antibiotics may be superior to non-cephalosporins in preventing SSIs following colorectal surgery, especially in the short term. However, their long-term efficacy in SSI prevention may be similar. The selection of perioperative antibiotics should consider factors such as the antimicrobial spectrum, pharmacokinetic properties, and bacterial resistance.
Femoro-axillary versus femoro-femoral veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for refractory cardiogenic shock: A monocentric retrospective study
Authors: Vale Julien Do , Kantor Elie , Papin Grégory , Sonneville Romain , Braham Wael , Para Marylou , Montravers Philippe , Longrois Dan , Provenchère Sophie 
Published: June 2024

Rationale For veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), the femoral artery is the preferred cannulation site (femoro-femoral: Vf-Af). This results in retrograde aortic flow, which increases the left ventricular afterload and can lead to severe pulmonary edema and thrombosis of the cardiac chambers. Right axillary artery cannulation (femoral-axillary: Vf-Aa) provides partial anterograde aortic flow, which may prevent some complications. This study aimed to compare the 90-day mortality and complication rates between VF-AA and VF-AF. Methods Consecutive adult patients with cardiogenic shock who received peripheral VA-ECMO between 2013 and 2019 at our institution were retrospectively included. The exclusion criteria were refractory cardiac arrest, multiple VA-ECMO implantations due to vascular access changes, weaning failure, or ICU readmission. A statistical approach using inverse probability of treatment weighting was used to estimate the effect of the cannulation site on the outcomes. The primary endpoint was the 90-day mortality. The secondary endpoints were vascular access complications, stroke, and other complications related to retrograde blood flow. Outcomes were estimated using logistic regression analysis. Results VA-ECMO was performed on 534 patients. Patients with refractory cardiac arrest ( n = 77 (14%)) and those supported by multiple VA-ECMO ( n = 92, (17%)) were excluded. Out of the 333 patients studied ( n = 209 Vf-Aa; n = 124 VF-AF), the main indications for VA-ECMO implantation were post-cardiotomy (33%, n = 109), dilated cardiomyopathy (20%, n = 66), post-cardiac transplantation (15%, n = 50), acute myocardial infarction (14%, n = 46) and other etiologies (18%, n = 62). The median SOFA score was 9 [7-11], and the crude 90-day mortality rate was 53% ( n = 175). After IPTW, the 90-day mortality was similar in the Vf-Aa and VF-AF groups (54% vs 58%, IPTW-OR = 0.84 [0.54-1.29]). Axillary artery cannulation was associated with significantly fewer local infections (OR = 0.21, 95% CI:0.09-0.51), limb ischemia (OR = 0.37, 95% CI:0.17-0.84), bowel ischemia (OR = 0.16, 95% CI:0.05-0.51) and pulmonary edema (OR = 0.52, 95% CI:0.29-0.92) episodes, but with a higher rate of stroke (OR = 2.87, 95% CI:1.08-7.62) than femoral artery cannulation. Conclusion Compared to VF-AF, axillary cannulation was associated with similar 90-day mortality rates. The high rate of stroke associated with axillary artery cannulation requires further investigation.
Predictors of Clinical Outcomes After Hip Arthroscopy: 10-Year Follow-up Analysis of 1038 Patients
Authors: Domb Benjamin G. , Prabhavalkar Omkar N. , Padmanabhan Saiswarnesh , Carbone Andrew D. 
Published: June 2024

Background: Although hip arthroscopy has been shown to have beneficial outcomes, there is a paucity of literature examining predictive factors of 10-year clinical outcomes. Purpose: (1) To identify predictive factors of 10-year outcomes of hip arthroscopy and (2) to compare these factors with those found in 2-year and 5-year studies. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Data were prospectively collected and retrospectively reviewed on all patients undergoing hip arthroscopy between February 2008 and June 2012. Patients were included if they had a minimum 10-year follow-up on 2 patient-reported outcome measures: Nonarthritic Hip Score (NAHS) and modified Harris Hip Score. Exclusion criteria included previous ipsilateral hip conditions. Using bivariate and multivariate analyses, that authors analyzed the effects of 37 pre- and intraoperative variables on the NAHS, modified Harris Hip Score, and conversion to total hip arthroplasty. Results: Of the 883 patients who met the inclusion criteria, 734 (83.1%) had follow-up data. The mean follow-up time was 124.4 months (range, 120.0-153.1 months). Six variables were significant predictors of NAHS in both multivariate and bivariate analyses: revision status, body mass index (BMI), duration of symptoms, preoperative NAHS, age at onset of symptoms, and need for acetabular microfracture. Positive predictors of 10-year survivorship included acute injury and gluteus medius repair, while negative predictors included revision arthroscopy, Tönnis grade, acetabular inclination, iliopsoas fractional lengthening, and notchplasty Conclusion: Multiple predictive factors including age, BMI, revision status, and preoperative outcome scores were identified for long-term survivorship and functional outcomes. These may prove useful to clinicians in refining indications and guiding patients on expected outcomes of hip arthroscopy.