bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of anti-CD30 radioimmunoconstructs (RICs) for treatment of Hodgkin's lymphoma
Authors: Börner S. M. , Fischer T. , Hansen H. , Schnell R. , Zimmermanns B. , Tawadros S. , Engert A. , Staak O. , Pogge von Strandmann E. , Kobe C. , Schicha H. , Schomäcker K. , Dietlein M. 
Published: February 2010

Summary
Objectives: Comparison of the binding affinity to a CD30-positive Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) cell line and biodistribution in HL bearing mice of new anti-CD30 radioimmunoconjugates (RICs) of varying structure and labelling nuclides. Methods: The antibodies Ki-4 and 5F11 were radioiodinated by the chloramine T method or labelled with 111In via p-NCSBenzyl- DOTA. In addition, the Ki-4-dimer was investigated in the iodinated form. The RICs were analyzed for retained immunoreactivity by immunochromatography. In-vitro binding studies were performed on CD30-positive L540 cell lines. For in-vivo biodistribution studies, SCID mice bearing human HL xenografts were injected with the various radioimmunoconjugates. After 24 h, activities in the organs and tumour were measured for all 5 RICs. Tumour-free animals were studied in the same way with 131I- Ki-4 24 h p. i. The three RICs with the highest tumour/background ratios 24 h p.i. (131I-Ki-4, 131I–5F11, 111In-bz- DOTA-Ki-4) were analysed further at 48 h and 72 h. Results: All the RICs were successfully labelled with high specific activities (28–47 TBq/ mmol) and sufficient radiochemical yields (> 80%). Scatchard plot analysis proved high tumour affinity (KD = 20–220 nmol/l). In-vivo tumour accumulation in % of injected dose per g tissue (%ID/g) lay between 2.6 (131I-5F11) and 12.3 % ID/g (131I-Ki-4) with permanently high background in blood. Tumour/blood-ratios of all RICs were below one at all time points. Conclusions: In-vitro tumour cell affinities of all RICs were promising. However, in-vivo biokinetics tested in the mouse model did not meet expectations. This highlights the importance of developing and testing further new anti-CD30 conjugates.
Prognostic Survival Factors in Elderly Renal Failure Patients Treated with Peritoneal Dialysis: A Nine-Year Retrospective Study
Authors: Genestier Sandrine , Meyer Nicolas , Chantrel François , Alenabi Farideh , Brignon Pierre , Maaz Mehadji , Muller Sandrine , Faller Bernadette 
Published: February 2010

Background Few studies specifically investigating elderly patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD) have been conducted and great uncertainty remains on the factors involved in the vital prognosis. The objective of this study was to describe our population of patients aged 75 years or older at the time PD was initiated and to study their survival in terms of the relevant nephro-geriatric criteria inventoried at the beginning of treatment. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the data of all the elderly patients that began first-line PD in our center between 1 January 1997 and 31 July 2006 ( n = 112). Results Mean duration of survival on PD was 19.6 ± 13.9 months; by the end of the study 87 patients had died and 7 had been transferred to hemodialysis. The Cox model multivariate analysis of survival allowed us to select 5 independent predictive variables that had a considerable impact on survival: absence of nephrologic care before dialysis, associated comorbidities (Charlson Comorbidity Index), loss of physical and/or mental autonomy (AGGIR group), and polymedication. Above and beyond the weight of these clinical variables, institutionalization or, more generally, social isolation was a determining factor for the duration of survival in PD. Conclusion Any patient considered for peritoneal dialysis should be evaluated by a multidisciplinary team in collaboration with geriatric specialists for both the overall medical situation and the social and family environment.
Who Should Place Peritoneal Dialysis Catheters?
Authors: Crabtree John H. 
Published: February 2010

Background Nephrologists are often thwarted in their attempts to grow their peritoneal dialysis programs because of suboptimal surgeon performance in placing catheters. A rallying call is heard among nephrologists to step up to the role of dialysis access providers. Objective What factors influence the practicability of nephrologists becoming primary dialysis access providers? Why have surgeons failed their task and can anything motivate them to change their performance and improve outcomes? Methods While the issues are universal, this analysis focuses on current practice data from the United States. Evidence reviewed includes dialysis center size and annual new starts, profile of specialties performing catheter placement, nephrology workforce capacity, catheter implantation methodology, resource utilization for peritoneal access, and surgeon performance. Results The current nephrology workforce is running at maximum capacity and fellowship training programs will struggle to meet additional demands. Nephrology training programs are often deficient in providing adequate experience in peritoneal dialysis management. Only 2.3% of peritoneal catheters are placed by nephrologists. The best catheter outcomes are produced by laparoscopic methods used by surgeons. Compared to other catheter placement techniques, laparoscopy enables a larger candidate pool of patients. Nonetheless, suboptimal surgical performances are related to inadequate training, low procedure volume, and poor reimbursement. Conclusions It is improbable that nephrologists can expand the scope of their practice to assume the additional role of dialysis access providers. The performance of the existing surgical workforce can be enhanced through medical society-sponsored educational activities, channeling access procedures to designated surgeons, and improved remuneration through outcomes-based incentive programs.
Recognition properties of receptors consisting of imidazole and indole recognition units towards carbohydrates
Authors: Mazik Monika , Hartmann André 
Published: February 2010

Compounds 4 and 5, including both 4(5)-substituted imidazole or 3-substituted indole units as the entities used in nature, and 2-aminopyridine group as a heterocyclic analogue of the asparagine/glutamine primary amide side chain, were prepared and their binding properties towards carbohydrates were studied. The design of these receptors was inspired by the binding motifs observed in the crystal structures of protein–carbohydrate complexes. 1H NMR spectroscopic titrations in competitive and non-competitive media as well as binding studies in two-phase systems, such as dissolution of solid carbohydrates in apolar media, revealed both highly effective recognition of neutral carbohydrates and interesting binding preferences of these acyclic compounds. Compared to the previously described acyclic receptors, compounds 4 and 5 showed significantly increased binding affinity towards β-galactoside. Both receptors display high β- vs. α-anomer binding preferences in the recognition of glycosides. It has been shown that both hydrogen bonding and interactions of the carbohydrate CH units with the aromatic rings of the receptors contribute to the stabilization of the receptor–carbohydrate complexes. The molecular modeling calculations, synthesis and binding properties of 4 and 5 towards selected carbohydrates are described and compared with those of the previously described receptors.
Public knowledge, attitude and behavioural changes in an Indian population during the Influenza A (H1N1) outbreak
Authors: Kamate Shivlingesh Krishnappa , Agrawal Anil , Chaudhary Harshvardhan , Singh Karanprakash , Mishra Prashant , Asawa Kaliash 
Published: February 2010

Background: Influenza A (H1N1) is the most recent of the pandemic diseases that has affected the world's population. The aim of this study was to assess knowledge, attitude and behavioural responses of an Indian community toward Influenza A (H1N1). Methodology: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted in Udaipur (Rajasthan, India) among 791 individuals (57% males and 43% females) from 23 July to 27 August 2009. Outcome measures were perceived seriousness of the disease, opinion about government and health authorities, perceived efficacy of various preventive measures, avoidance behaviours, and increased hygiene maintenance in relation to Influenza A (H1N1). Results: Of 791 respondents, 83.1% had heard about Influenza A (H1N1), but 47.4% felt that they did not have enough information about the pandemic. Only 34.5% felt that their health would be seriously affected if they contracted Influenza A (H1N1). Over half of the respondents (59.6%) had no idea about the duration of the pandemic. Knowledge differed significantly according to gender, age groups, and educational status as well as working status; however, females had better attitude than males. Respondents rated face masks and vaccines as the most effective preventive measures. Conclusion: Results showed that in spite of having acceptable knowledge and attitude, behavioural response to Influenza A (H1N1) was poor. Therefore, increased efforts should be made by the government to understand what factors are associated with adaptive behaviour changes among the general public. Emphasizing the efficacy of recommended actions and the possible duration of the outbreak may further help to improve public compliance.
Pan-resistant Acinetobacter Infection in Neonates in Karachi, Pakistan.
Authors: Saleem Ali Faisal , Ahmed Imran , Mir Fatima , Ali Syed Rehan , Zaidi Anita KM 
Published: February 2010

Background: Pan-resistant Acinetobacter infection has emerged as an important nosocomial pathogen in our inpatient neonates over the past few years. Methodology: We performed a retrospective chart review during a five-year period (July 2003 - June 2008) of all neonates hospitalized in our neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) who developed Acinetobacter infection to identify mortality-associated risk factors in Acinetobacter neonatal infection. Results: During the five-year study period, 122 cultures from 78 neonates grew Acinetobacter. Source sites of positive culture were in the following descending order: blood (n = 57), trachea (n = 55), tissue/wound/body fluids (n = 4), eye (n = 4), urine (n = 1), and cerebrospinal fluid (n = 1). Twenty-four (31%) patients had Acinetobacter isolated from more than one site. At the time of admission the mean age was 2.08 ± 4 days and mean weight was 1.77 ± 0.88 kg; 75% were premature. Pan-resistance (87/122; sensitive only to Polymyxin) was present in 71% of Acinetobacter isolates. Crude mortality rate of this cohort was 47%, while 70% of patients died within four days after positive Acinetobacter culture. We identified weight of less than 1 kg on admission (p 0.06, adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) 1.53), gestational age 28 weeks or less (p 0.011, AOR 2.88), poor perfusion (p 0.007, AOR 2.4), thrombocytopenia (p 0.01; AOR 1.6) and metabolic acidosis (p 0.01; AOR 1.67) as predictors associated with poor outcome. Conclusion: Pan-resistant Acinetobacter infection is exceedingly fatal in newborns, particularly in premature and very low-birth weight neonates. Rational antibiotic use and vigilant infection control in NICUs are key to controlling multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter infection and improving clinical outcome.
The incidence, intensity and host morbidity of human parasitic protozoan infections in gastrointestinal disorder outpatients in Buea Sub Division, Cameroon
Authors: Mbuh Judith Veshiyi , Ntonifor Helen N. , Ojong James T. 
Published: February 2010

Background: Numerous protozoans inhibit the gastrointestinal tract of humans with the majority being either non-pathogenic commensals or of a type that may result in mild disease. However, some of these organisms can cause severe diseases under certain circumstances while others may become highly virulent and invasive causing potentially lethal systemic disease. This study investigated the prevalence, intensity and host morbidity of human intestinal protozoan infections in individuals living in the Buea Sub-Division, Cameroon. Methodology: Random sampling was used to collect stool samples from 356 patients in a cross-sectional study. All samples were examined by formol-ether concentration and direct smear techniques. Data collected was analyzed and differences in proportions were determined using the Chi square (χ2) test, Fisher's exact test, or analysis of variance where appropriate. Results: It was found that 28.1% (100/356) of the sampled population were infected with protozoans. Females showed a higher infection rate (29.7%; 56/182) than males (26.4%; 46/174) and there was a significantly (P < 0.001) higher prevalence in rural areas (38.7%; 55/142) than in urban areas (21.0%; 45/214). The 6 to 12 years age group had a significantly (P < 0.05) higher infection rate (42.9%; 30/70). The total prevalence of intestinal protozoans was as follows: E. histolytica (24.4%), E. coli (11.2%) and G. lamblia (0.6%). The most prevalent morbidity effects associated with intestinal protozoan infections were abdominal pains, dysentery and body weakness. Conclusions: Since human intestinal parasitic infections are high in the study area, mass treatment of people with intestinal protozoans is strongly recommended, especially in the rural areas where the prevalence was very high.
Intrahepatic IL-10 Maintains NKG2A+Ly49− Liver NK Cells in a Functionally Hyporesponsive State
Authors: Lassen Matthew G. , Lukens John R. , Dolina Joseph S. , Brown Michael G. , Hahn Young S. 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
The tolerogenic nature of the liver allows daily exposure to gut-derived foreign Ags without causing inflammation, but it may facilitate persistent infection in the liver. NK cells play a central role in innate immunity, as well as in shaping the adaptive immune response. We hypothesized that the naive mouse liver maintains intrahepatic NK cells in a functionally hyporesponsive state. Compared with splenic NK cells, liver NK cells displayed a dampened IFN-γ response to IL-12/IL-18 stimulation. Importantly, the liver contains a significant population of functionally hyporesponsive NK cells that express high levels of the inhibitory receptor NKG2A and lack expression of MHC class I-binding Ly49 receptors. Adoptively transferred splenic NK cells that migrate to the liver displayed phenotypic and functional changes, suggesting that the liver environment modifies NK cell receptor expression and functional responsiveness. Notably, IL-10 is present at high levels within the liver, and in vivo blockade of IL-10R resulted in a decreased percentage of intrahepatic NKG2A+Ly49− NK cells. These data suggest that the liver environment regulates NK cell receptor expression and that IL-10 contributes to the regulation of liver NK cells, in part, by maintaining a greater percentage of the hyporesponsive NKG2A+Ly49− NK cells in the liver.
Mice Deficient in MyD88 Develop a Th2-Dominant Response and Severe Pathology in the Upper Genital Tract following Chlamydia
muridarum Infection
Authors: Chen Lili , Lei Lei , Chang Xiaotong , Li Zhihong , Lu Chunxue , Zhang Xiaoyun , Wu Yimou , Yeh I-Tien , Zhong Guangming 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
MyD88, a key adaptor molecule required for many innate immunity receptor-activated signaling pathways, was evaluated in a Chlamydia muridarum urogenital tract infection model. Compared with wild-type mice, MyD88 knockout (KO) mice failed to produce significant levels of inflammatory cytokines in the genital tract during the first week of chlamydial infection. MyD88 KO mice developed a Th2-dominant whereas wild-type mice developed a Th1/Th17-dominant immune response after chlamydial infection. Despite the insufficient production of early inflammatory cytokines and lack of Th1/Th17-dominant adaptive immunity, MyD88 KO mice appeared to be as resistant to chlamydial intravaginal infection as wild-type mice based on the number of live organisms recovered from vaginal samples. However, significantly high numbers of chlamydial organisms were detected in the upper genital tract tissues of MyD88 KO mice. Consequently, MyD88 KO mice developed more severe pathology in the upper genital tract. These results together have demonstrated that MyD88-dependent signaling pathway is not only required for inflammatory cytokine production in the early phase of host response to chlamydial infection but also plays a critical role in the development of Th1/Th17 adaptive immunity, both of which may be essential for limiting ascending infection and reducing pathology of the upper genital tract by chlamydial organisms.
Improving Survival Rates in Two Models of Spontaneous Postoperative Metastasis in Mice by Combined Administration of a β-Adrenergic Antagonist and a Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitor
Authors: Glasner Ariella , Avraham Roi , Rosenne Ella , Benish Marganit , Zmora Oded , Shemer Shaily , Meiboom Hadas , Ben-Eliyahu Shamgar 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
Clinical practice does not consider perioperative paracrine and neuroendocrine stress responses as risk factors for cancer recurrence, although recent animal studies provided supportive evidence. Suggested mechanisms include the effects of stress-hormones on tumor cells and on host physiology. In this study, in mice undergoing primary tumor excision, we tested the survival-enhancing potential of perioperative blockade of catecholamines and prostaglandins, and studied potential mediating mechanisms. C57BL/6J mice were inoculated intrafootpad with syngeneic B16F10.9-melanoma or Lewis lung carcinoma, and the paw was amputated when a developing tumor exceeded 100 μl. The clinically used β-adrenergic antagonist propranolol, and/or the cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor etodolac, were administered once before amputation, and recurrence-free survival was monitored. In different studies, NK cytotoxicity, leukocytes' molecular functional markers, and vascular endothelial growth factor secretion by tumor cells were studied in the context of surgery and drug treatments. The findings indicated that the combination of propranolol and etodolac, but neither drug alone, significantly and markedly improved survival rates in both tumor models, and was as effective as established immunostimulatory agents (IL-12 and polyinosinic-polycytiylic acid). Surgery markedly reduced NK cytotoxicity and NK cell expression of Fas ligand and CD11a, reduced all circulating lymphocyte-subtype concentrations, and increased corticosterone levels. Propranolol and etodolac administration counteracted these perturbations. B16 and 3LL secreted vascular endothelial growth factor in vitro, but secretion was not affected by catecholamine agonists, prostaglandins, corticosterone, propranolol, or etodolac. Overall, propranolol and etodolac administration, which could be applied perioperatively in most cancer patients with minimal risk and low cost, has counteracted several immunologic and endocrinologic perturbations and improved recurrence-free survival rates in mice undergoing primary tumor excision.
Parameters online identification‐based data‐driven backstepping control of hypersonic vehicles
Authors: Su Shihong , Xiao Bing , Li Lingwei , Luo Jingfeng 
Published: May 2024

SummaryThe control problem of the hypersonic vehicles is studied in this article. A new control approach is presented. This approach consists of a data‐driven dynamic model established by multiple neural networks, an online identification method for system parameters, and a basic backstepping controller. The implementation of this approach requires a dynamic model and system parameters including the moment of inertia and aerodynamic parameters of the hypersonic vehicles. The parameter identification problem is regarded as a dynamic optimization process. The loss function is designed by the Lagrange criterion, and its constraints are determined by the physical and the numerical values. In the case of model mutation, the system parameters identified online are used as the nominal values of the output of the neural network in the data‐driven model to adjust the controller through its gradient descent. Simulation comparisons are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed data‐driven approach.
Emergent Properties, Functions, and Applications of Phane‐Based Polymers
Authors: Kim John , Patra Arit , Pal Soumyamouli , Abbott Nicholas L. , Lahann Joerg 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOver the past few decades, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of [2.2]paracyclophanes has captured significant attention as an emergent technology, producing conformal, chemically pure, and pinhole‐free coatings for biomedical and industrial applications. Compelling examples range from functional CVD polymers to tailored nanostructures. In this work, the unique functional properties of polymers derived from [2.2]paracyclophanes are connected with emergent applications. Special attention is given to the function‐property relationships in the areas of electronic materials, biomaterials, and separation materials. A particular focus is to highlight the versatility of CVD polymerization to process these polymers.
Electrostatically Induced Black Phosphorus Infrared Photodiodes
Authors: Yan Wei , Wang Shifan , Xing Kaijian , Balendhran Sivacarendran , Tebyetekerwa Mike , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Fuhrer Michael S. , Crozier Kenneth B. , Bullock James 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHomojunctions are key elements in many mainstream electronic devices. However, conventional dopant‐based “pn” homojunctions are not easily achievable in new material families, such as the 2D materials. Several recent 2D material studies have shown that lateral pn homojunctions can instead be electrostatically induced using back gates localized to either the source or drain contacts. Here, a hBN‐encapsulated black phosphorus dual‐gate device containing a lateral pn homojunction, whose orientation can be switched via application of back gate voltages, is demonstrated. Importantly, this study extends the state‐of‐the‐art for this architecture by characterizing the photoresponse under infrared (λ = 2.2 µm) illumination. It is shown that when biased to form a homojunction, the device exhibits the photovoltaic effect, resulting in a specific detectivity of 8.5 × 108 cm Hz1/2 W−1at 77 K under short‐circuit conditions, and an open circuit photovoltage up to 175 mV at 77 K. Further, it is shown that the device can be operated in photoconductive mode, allowing a high responsivity of 0.55 A W−1. This device is thus highly reconfigurable as it can be switched between photovoltaic and photoconductive modes of operation to prioritize low noise and fast response or high responsivity.
Dual‐Cooling Textile Enables Vertical Heat Dissipation and Sweat Evaporation For Thermal and Moisture Regulation
Authors: Ding Chengfeng , Lin Yanyan , Cheng Ningbo , Meng Na , Wang Xianfeng , Yin Xia , Yu Jianyong , Ding Bin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPersonal thermal management textiles have garnered a lot of attention because they can efficiently preserve the body's thermal and moisture comfort while saving energy consumption. Nonetheless, conduction cooling‐based textile research is scarce and frequently encounters obstacles like overlooking through‐plane heat conduction, moisture management, and durability assurance. Here, a dual‐cooling textile (DCT) that combines high‐efficiency heat dissipation and sweat evaporation with a 3D thermal conductive network and Janus wetting structure is demonstrated. The DCT achieves notable in‐plane and through‐plane thermal conductivity (8.57 and 0.70 W m−1 K−1), along with practical mechanical qualities (tensile fracture strength of 65 MPa), under the influence of the 3D multistage thermal conduction network. Additionally, the DCT benefits from its Janus wetting structure, exhibiting unidirectional moisture‐wicking capability (transport index of 1081%) and fast water evaporation performance (0.34 g h−1). Rapid heat dissipation and sweat evaporation are advantageous features for the cooling of the human body in both static and dynamic situations. Compared to cotton fabric, DCT can lower the temperature by up to 3.7 °C. This strategy provides a fresh perspective on the development of advanced functional textiles for personalized cooling and energy savings in buildings.