bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-dose fenoldopam reduces postoperative neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocaline and cystatin C levels in pediatric cardiac surgery
Authors: Ricci Zaccaria , Luciano Rosa , Favia Isabella , Garisto Cristiana , Muraca Maurizio , Morelli Stefano , Di Chiara Luca , Cogo Paola , Picardo Sergio 
Published: June 2011

Abstract
Introduction
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of high-dose fenoldopam, a selective dopamine-1 receptor, on renal function and organ perfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in infants with congenital heart disease (CHD).

Methods
A prospective single-center randomized double-blind controlled trial was conducted in a pediatric cardiac surgery department. We randomized infants younger than 1 year with CHD and biventricular anatomy (with exclusion of isolated ventricular and atrial septal defect) to receive blindly a continuous infusion of fenoldopam at 1 μg/kg/min or placebo during CPB. Perioperative urinary and plasma levels of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocaline (NGAL), cystatin C (CysC), and creatinine were measured to assess renal injury after CPB.

Results
We enrolled 80 patients: 40 received fenoldopam (group F) during CPB, and 40 received placebo (group P). A significant increase of urinary NGAL and CysC levels from baseline to intensive care unit (ICU) admission followed by restoration of normal values after 12 hours was observed in both groups. However, urinary NGAL and CysC values were significantly reduced at the end of surgery and 12 hours after ICU admission (uNGAL only) in group F compared with group P (P = 0.025 and 0.039, respectively). Plasma NGAL and CysC tended to increase from baseline to ICU admission in both groups, but they were not significantly different between the two groups. No differences were observed on urinary and plasma creatinine levels and on urine output between the two groups. Acute kidney injury (AKI) incidence in the postoperative period, as indicated by pRIFLE classification (pediatric score indicating Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss of function, and End-stage kidney disease level of renal damage) was 50% in group F and 72% in group P (P = 0.08; odds ratio (OR), 0.38; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.14 to 1.02). A significant reduction in diuretics (furosemide) and vasodilators (phentolamine) administration was observed in group F (P = 0.0085; OR, 0.22; 95% CI, 0.07 to 0.7).

Conclusions
The treatment with high-dose fenoldopam during CPB in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery for CHD with biventricular anatomy significantly decreased urinary levels of NGAL and CysC and reduced the use of diuretics and vasodilators during CPB.

Trial registration
Clinical Trial.Gov NCT00982527.
Sexuality in psychosis: dysfunction, risk and mental capacity
Authors: Smith Shubulade , Herlihy Daniel 
Published: June 2011

SummaryIssues such as sexual dysfunction, hypersexuality, risky sexual behaviour and mental capacity in relation to sexual activities arise frequently in people with psychosis. However, they may not always be given a priority in doctor-patient interactions, despite their often critical importance from the patient's perspective. Having a working knowledge of these topics may improve the quality of psychiatric intervention for people with severe mental illness. This article explores these topics, with a particular emphasis on assessment and management in everyday practice.
Long-term psychodynamic psychotherapy in complex mental disorders: update of a meta-analysis
Authors: Leichsenring Falk , Rabung Sven 
Published: June 2011

BackgroundDose–effect relationship data suggest that short-term psychotherapy is insufficient for many patients with chronic distress or personality disorders (complex mental disorders).AimsTo examine the comparative efficacy of long-term psychodynamic psychotherapy (LTPP) in complex mental disorders.MethodWe conducted a meta-analysis of controlled trials of LTPP fulfilling the following inclusion criteria: therapy lasting for at least a year or 50 sessions; active comparison conditions; prospective design; reliable and valid outcome measures; treatments terminated. Ten studies with 971 patients were included.ResultsBetween-group effect sizes in favour of LTPP compared with less intensive (lower dose) forms of psychotherapy ranged between 0.44 and 0.68.ConclusionsResults suggest that LTPP is superior to less intensive forms of psychotherapy in complex mental disorders. Further research on long-term psychotherapy is needed, not only for psychodynamic psychotherapy, but also for other therapies.
Childhood abuse, the BDNF-Val66Met polymorphism and adult
psychotic-like experiences
Authors: Alemany Silvia , Arias Bárbara , Aguilera Mari , Villa Helena , Moya Jorge , Ibáñez Manuel I. , Vossen Helen , Gastó Cristobal , Ortet Generós , Fañanás Lourdes 
Published: June 2011

BackgroundThe well-established relationship between childhood adversity and
psychosis is likely to involve other factors such as genetic variants
that can help us to understand why not everyone exposed to adverse events
develops psychotic symptoms later in life.AimsWe investigated the influence of childhood abuse and neglect on positive
and negative psychotic-like experiences in adulthood and the potential
moderating effect of the BDNF-Val66Met polymorphism.MethodPsychotic-like experiences and childhood adversity were assessed in 533
individuals from the general population.ResultsChildhood abuse showed a strong independent effect on the positive
dimension of psychotic-like experiences (β = 0.16, s.e. = 0.05,
P = 0.002). Furthermore, this association was
moderated by the BDNF-Val66Met polymorphism (β = 0.27, s.e. = 0.10,
P = 0.004).ConclusionsIndividuals exposed to childhood abuse are more likely to report positive
psychotic-like experiences. Met carriers reported more
positive psychotic-like experiences when exposed to childhood abuse than
did individuals carrying the Val/Val genotype.
Therefore, the observed gene–environment interaction effect may be
partially responsible for individual variation in response to childhood
abuse.
The four dimensions: a model for the social aetiology of
psychosis
Authors: Shah Jai , Mizrahi Romina , McKenzie Kwame 
Published: June 2011

SummaryRecently, there has been increasing focus on prevention of mental illness,
early intervention and the promotion of mental health. The social
determinants of health and public health approaches are considered key.
Early intervention has focused on psychotic disorders but prevention has
not. This may in part reflect the fact that public health planners do not
have a clear model for how social determinants influence the risk of
developing a psychotic illness. Drawing on biological, genetic and
epidemiologic evidence regarding the relationship between social risk
factors and psychosis, this paper outlines a conceptual framework for
understanding how individual and ecological factors contribute and interact
to modulate the risk of developing psychotic illness. The framework asserts
that there are four dimensions: individual factors; ecological factors; the
interaction between individual and ecological factors; and time. It may help
those considering interventions to understand the multilevel and
multifactorial effects of social factors on the aetiology of psychotic
illness, to develop targeted strategies for the prevention of psychotic
illness and serve as a template for the assessment of initiatives.
Trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder in a drug treatment community service
Authors: Reynolds Martina , Hinchliffe Kate , Asamoah Victor , Kouimtsidis Christos 
Published: June 2011

Aims and methodA cross-sectional study aiming to assess the prevalence of trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a community substitution treatment sample, and to assess and compare the characteristics of traumatic experience, substance use, and psychological and social factors in those with and without PTSD. All assessments were completed during the interview which took approximately 1.5 h.ResultsThe prevalence for current PTSD was 26.2% and for lifetime PTSD 42.9%. Traumatic experiences were extremely common, with two or more reported by 92.9% of the sample. The two groups differed significantly on the majority of psychological functioning and social variables, with women experiencing higher rates of PTSD and the non-PTSD group having lower rates of psychological impairment.Clinical implicationsThe research supported findings from previous studies. The very high incidence of traumatic experiences has not been reported before. Training and information about trauma and PTSD for substance misuse workers are therefore necessary so that PTSD can be more easily detected and treated.
Enhancing the effectiveness of an assertive outreach team: case study
Authors: Hussain Abrar , Thirkell Tanya , Taher Azaad 
Published: June 2011

Aims and methodTo evaluate the effectiveness of the Harrow Assertive Outreach Team in reducing hospital admissions. We compared first- and second-year admissions of a cohort of 76 patients.ResultsSignificant reductions in the number of admissions and number of days admitted were noted in the second year. In the subcohort of patients admitted in both years, the reduction in the number of admissions was significant but reduction in number of days admitted was not.Clinical implicationsHospital admissions may be reduced by appointment of consultant psychiatrist and approved mental health practitioner, home treatment approach and intensive case management.
‘You are instructed to prepare a report …’ How to make sound decisions about whether to accept or decline medico-legal work
Authors: Thompson Anne E. 
Published: June 2011

SummaryMedico-legal training received during core and specialist training in psychiatry may not equip a consultant psychiatrist newly appointed in the National Health Service with an ability to decide whether to accept or decline requests to prepare medico-legal reports. This paper draws together some of the key principles, legislation and knowledge which will help guide such decisions.
Efficacy of Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Ethanol Injection Treatment in Patients with a Limited Number of Metastatic Cervical Lymph Nodes from Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Heilo Arne , Sigstad Eva , Fagerlid Kristin Holgersen , Håskjold Olav Inge , Grøholt Krystyna Kotanska , Berner Aasmund , Bjøro Trine , Jørgensen Lars H. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractContext:Repeated neck explorations can be a difficult task in patients with recurrent metastatic cervical lymph nodes from papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).Objective:The aim of this retrospective study has been to assess the efficacy of ultrasound (US)-guided percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) as treatment of metastatic cervical lymph nodes from PTC.Materials and Methods:Sixty-nine patients who previously had undergone thyroidectomy for PTC were selected for inclusion. However, three patients were later excluded due to lack of follow-up. Lymph node status was determined by US-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy and/or by raised levels of thyroglobulin in washouts from the cytological needle. Guided by US, 0.1–1.0 ml of 99.5% ethanol was injected into the metastatic lymph nodes.Results:Three patients (eight metastatic lymph nodes in total) were reassigned to surgery due to progression (multiple new metastases), leaving 63 patients and 109 neck lymph nodes to be included. Mean observation time was 38.4 months (range, 3–72). A total of 101 of the 109 (93%) metastatic lymph nodes responded to PEI treatment, 92 (84%) completely and nine incompletely. Two did not respond, and four progressed. Two lymph nodes previously considered successfully treated showed evidence of malignancy during follow-up. No significant side effects were reported.Conclusion:US-guided PEI treatment of metastatic lymph nodes seems to be an excellent alternative to surgery in patients with a limited number of neck metastases from PTC. This procedure should replace “berry picking” surgery.
Marginal Costs of Hospital-Acquired Conditions: Information for Priority-Setting for Patient Safety Programmes and Research
Authors: Jackson Terri , Nghiem Hong Son , Rowell David , Jorm Christine , Wakefield John 
Published: June 2011

Objective To estimate the relative inpatient costs of hospital-acquired conditions. Methods Patient level costs were estimated using computerized costing systems that log individual utilization of inpatient services and apply sophisticated cost estimates from the hospital's general ledger. Occurrence of hospital-acquired conditions was identified using an Australian ‘condition-onset’ flag for diagnoses not present on admission. These were grouped to yield a comprehensive set of 144 categories of hospital-acquired conditions to summarize data coded with ICD-10. Standard linear regression techniques were used to identify the independent contribution of hospital-acquired conditions to costs, taking into account the case-mix of a sample of acute inpatients (n 5 1,699,997) treated in Australian public hospitals in Victoria (2005/ 06) and Queensland (2006/07). Results The most costly types of complications were post-procedure endocrine/metabolic disorders, adding AU$21,827 to the cost of an episode, followed by MRSA (AU$19,881) and enterocolitis due to Clostridium difficile (AU$19,743). Aggregate costs to the system, however, were highest for septicaemia (AU$41.4 million), complications of cardiac and vascular implants other than septicaemia (AU$28.7 million), acute lower respiratory infections, including influenza and pneumonia (AU$27.8 million) and UTI (AU$24.7 million). Hospital-acquired complications are estimated to add 17.3% to treatment costs in this sample. Conclusions Patient safety efforts frequently focus on dramatic but rare complications with very serious patient harm. Previous studies of the costs of adverse events have provided information on ‘indicators’ of safety problems rather than the full range of hospital-acquired conditions. Adding a cost dimension to priority-setting could result in changes to the focus of patient safety programmes and research. Financial information should be combined with information on patient outcomes to allow for cost-utility evaluation of future interventions.
Origins and Fates of CO2 in the Dongying Depression of the Bohai Bay Basin
Authors: Zhang Liuping , Wang Aiguo , Jin Zhijun 
Published: June 2011

CO2 gas reservoirs have been found in a series of rift basins in East China. The objective of this study is to reveal origins and fates of CO2 in the Dongying Depression in East China by using isotopic (He and C) and molecular compositions. 3He/4He, CO2/3He and δ13CCO2 values indicate that the CO2 gases with CO2 > 79% in the deep fault belts in the depression are predominantly mantle-derived. In contrast, CO2 in most gases in the relative stable areas, where source rocks are developed, is less than 10%. Based on helium isotope and δ13CCO2 ∼ CO2/3He diagram, it was found that 10−30% of these CO2 gases is mantle-derived, 28% to 68% is limestone-decomposed and 18% to 54% sedimentary organic in the relative stable areas. The mantle-derived and limestone-decomposed CO2 in the relative stable areas indicates that the mantle-derived geo-fluid met the source rocks. More hydrocarbons can be generated via its heat influence. As the previously published model is not suitable for study of CO2 fates at least in the case of thermogenic CO2 addition, we proposed two models for CO2 addition and loss: model I for CO2 loss and limestone-decomposed CO2 addition and model II for CO2 loss and addition of sedimentary organic CO2, based on a δ13CCO2 ∼ CO2/3He diagram. By using the new models, it was revealed that the loss rates of mantle-derived CO2 can be as high as 50–99.99% for most gases in the depression, the addition rates of limestone-decomposed CO2 range from 18% to 150%, and the addition rates of sedimentary organic CO2 from 11% to 230%. From this study, it was revealed that more mantle-derived CO2 entered the Dongying Depression than previously recognized.
N-Terminal Pro–Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Measurement in Plasma Suggests Covalent Modification
Authors: Hunter Ingrid , Alehagen Urban , Dahlström Ulf , Rehfeld Jens F , Crimmins Dan L , Goetze Jens P 
Published: June 2011

BACKGROUND
The N-terminal fragment of cardiac-derived pro–B-type natriuretic peptide is a glycosylated polypeptide. It is unknown whether N-terminal pro–atrial natriuretic peptide (proANP) fragments are also covalently modified. We therefore evaluated the clinical performance of 2 distinctly different proANP assays on clinical outcome.

METHODS
We examined 474 elderly patients with symptoms of heart failure presenting in a primary healthcare setting. Samples were analyzed with an automated immunoluminometric midregion proANP (MR-proANP) assay and a new processing-independent assay (PIA) developed in our laboratory. The results were compared with Bland–Altman plots, and clinical performance was assessed by generating ROC curves for different clinical outcomes.

RESULTS
Despite linear regression results indicating a good correlation (r = 0.85; P &lt; 0.0001), the PIA measured considerably more proANP than the MR-proANP assay (mean difference, 663 pmol/L; SD, 478 pmol/L). In contrast, the clinical performances of the 2 assays [as assessed by the area under the ROC curve (AUC)] in detecting left ventricular dysfunction were similar [proANP PIA, 0.71 (95% CI, 0.63–0.79); MR-proANP assay, 0.74 (95% CI, 0.66–0.81); P = 0.32]. The prognostic ability to report cardiovascular mortality during a 10-year follow-up revealed AUC values of 0.66 (95% CI, 0.60–0.71) for the proANP PIA and 0.69 (95% CI, 0.63–0.74) for the MR-proANP assay (P = 0.08, for comparing the 2 assays).

CONCLUSIONS
Our data suggest that N-terminal proANP fragments in patient plasma differ from the calibrator peptides used but that the difference does not affect ROC curves in an elderly cohort of patients with mild to moderate heart failure. We suggest that human N-terminal proANP fragments can be covalently modified.
MLL-SEPTIN gene fusions in hematological malignancies
Authors: Cerveira Nuno , Bizarro Susana , Teixeira Manuel R. 
Published: June 2011

Abstract
The mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) locus is involved in more than 60 different rearrangements with a remarkably diverse group of fusion partners in approximately 10% of human leukemias. MLL rearrangements include chromosomal translocations, gene internal duplications, chromosome 11q deletions or inversions and MLL gene insertions into other chromosomes, or vice versa. MLL fusion partners can be classified into four distinct categories: nuclear proteins, cytoplasmatic proteins, histone acetyltransferases and septins. Five different septin genes (SEPT2, SEPT5, SEPT6, SEPT9, and SEPT11) have been identified as MLL fusion partners, giving rise to chimeric fusion proteins in which the N terminus of MLL is fused, in frame, to almost the entire open reading frame of the septin partner gene. The rearranged alleles result from heterogeneous breaks in distinct introns of both MLL and its septin fusion partner, originating distinct gene fusion variants. MLL-SEPTIN rearrangements have been repeatedly identified in de novo and therapy related myeloid neoplasia in both children and adults, and some clinicopathogenetic associations are being uncovered. The fundamental roles of septins in cytokinesis, membrane remodeling and compartmentalization can provide some clues on how abnormalities in the septin cytoskeleton and MLL deregulation could be involved in the pathogenesis of hematological malignancies.
The European Registry on Cushing's syndrome: 2-year experience. Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics
Authors: Valassi Elena , Santos Alicia , Yaneva Maria , Tóth Miklós , Strasburger Christian J , Chanson Philippe , Wass John A H , Chabre Olivier , Pfeifer Marija , Feelders Richard A , Tsagarakis Stylianos , Trainer Peter J , Franz Holger , Zopf Kathrin , Zacharieva Sabina , Lamberts Steven W J , Tabarin Antoine , Webb Susan M 
Published: June 2011

ObjectiveThe European Registry on Cushing's syndrome (ERCUSYN) is designed to collect prospective and follow-up data at EU level on Cushing's syndrome (CS).Design and methodsBaseline data on 481 CS patients (390 females, 91 males; mean age (±s.d.): 44±14 years) collected from 36 centres in 23 countries, including new patients from 2008 and retrospective cases since 2000. Patients were divided into four major aetiologic groups: pituitary-dependent CS (PIT-CS) (66%), adrenal-dependent CS (ADR-CS) (27%), CS from an ectopic source (ECT-CS) (5%) and CS from other aetiologies (2%).ResultsProportion of men in the ECT-CS group was higher than in the other groups (P<0.05). The ADR-CS group was older than the PIT-CS (P<0.05). Prevalence of hirsutism (92%) and diabetes (74%) in ECT-CS was higher than in the other groups (P<0.05 and P<0.01 respectively). PIT-CS had more skin alterations, menstrual irregularities and hirsutism than ADR-CS (P<0.01). Reduced libido was more prevalent in men than women (P<0.01). Prevalence of spine osteoporosis was higher in men than women (P<0.05), and males had more vertebral and rib fractures than females (52 vs 18% for vertebrae; P<0.001 and 34 vs 23% for ribs; P<0.05). ECT-CS consulted a diabetologist more frequently than ADR-CS (P<0.05), while a gynaecologist was consulted more often by women with PIT-CS or ADR-CS than with ECT-CS (P<0.05). Overall, weight gain was more common in women than men (P<0.01). CushingQoL and EuroQoL visual analogue scale scores did not differ between the groups.ConclusionsThe ERCUSYN project demonstrates a heterogeneous clinical presentation of CS at a European level, depending on gender and aetiology.
Prevention of Hemorrhagic Complications After Dental Extractions Into Open Heart Surgery Patients Under Anticoagulant Therapy: The Use of Leukocyte- and Platelet-Rich Fibrin
Authors: Sammartino Gilberto , Ehrenfest David M. Dohan , Carile Francesco , Tia Mariano , Bucci Paolo 
Published: June 2011

Leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) is a biomaterial commonly used in periodontology and implant dentistry to improve healing and tissue regeneration, particularly as filling material in alveolar sockets to regenerate bone for optimal dental implant placement. The objective of this work was to evaluate the use of L-PRF as a safe filling and hemostatic material after dental extractions (or avulsions) for the prevention of hemorrhagic complications in heart surgery patients without modification of the anticoagulant oral therapy. Fifty heart surgery patients under oral anticoagulant therapy who needed dental extractions were selected for the study. Patients were treated with L-PRF clots placed into 168 postextraction sockets without modification of anticoagulant therapy (mean international normalized ratio  =  3.16 ± 0.39). Only 2 patients reported hemorrhagic complications (4%), all of which resolved a few hours after the surgery by compression and hemostatic topical agents. Ten patients (20%) showed mild bleeding, which spontaneously resolved or was resolved by minimal compression less than 2 hours after surgery. No case of delayed bleeding was reported. The remaining 38 patients (76%) showed an adequate hemostasis after the dental extractions. In all cases, no alveolitis or painful events were reported, soft tissue healing was quick, and wound closure was always complete at the time of suture removal one week after surgery. The proposed protocol is a reliable therapeutic option to avoid significant bleeding after dental extractions without the suspension of the continuous oral anticoagulant therapy in heart surgery patients. Other applications of the hemostatic and healing properties of L-PRF should be investigated in oral implantology.