bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Pyrinodemins E and F, New 3‐Alkylpyridine Alkaloids from Sponge Amphimedon sp.
Authors: Kura Ken'ichi , Kubota Takaaki , Fromont Jane , Kobayashi Jun'ichi 
Published: April 2011

AbstractTwo new 3‐alkylpyridine alkaloids are isolated from Okinawan marine sponge Amphimedon sp..
ChemInform Abstract: An Expeditious Route Toward Pyrazine‐Containing Nucleoside Analogues.
Authors: Modha Sachin G. , Trivedi Jalpa C. , Mehta Vaibhav P. , Ermolat'ev Denis S. , Van der Eycken Erik V. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractA new and efficient method to prepare differently substituted ethynyl pyrazines is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: The Discovery and Structure—Activity Relationships Leading to CE‐156811, a Difluorophenyl Cyclopropyl Fluoroether: A Novel Potent Antibacterial Analogue Derived from Hygromycin A.
Authors: Le Phuong T. , et al. et al. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractSAR studies and optimization of various modified hygromycin A fluoroalkyl ethers, which lead to the discovery of the highly potent antibacterial CE‐156811 (I) derived from truncation of the ribose ring and difluorination of the phenyl found in hygromycin A, are discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Synthesis of Chrysin‐7‐yl Aryl N‐Bis(2‐chloroethyl) Phosphoramidate.
Authors: Chen Xiaolan , Yuan Jinwei , Wang Junliang , Qu Lingbo , Yu Zhangqi , Zhao Yufen 
Published: April 2011

AbstractWith a view to using compounds containing a bis(2‐chloroethyl) amino group in cancer chemotherapy a chemoselective synthesis of the title compounds (VI) is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Chalcones as Novel Influenza (H1N1) Neuraminidase Inhibitors from Glycyrrhiza inflata.
Authors: Dao Trong Tuan , Nguyen Phi Hung , Lee Hong Sik , Kim Eunhee , Park Junsoo , Lim Seong Il , Oh Won Keun 
Published: April 2011

AbstractBioassay‐guided fractionation leads to the isolation of novel licochalcone G (I) along with seven known chalcones.
ChemInform Abstract: Solvothermal Synthesis of Hg1‐xCdxTe Nanostructures — Their Structural and Optical Properties.
Authors: Khatei Jayakrishna , Pendyala Naresh Babu , Rao K. S. R. K. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractNear‐IR emitting Hg1‐xCdxTe nanostructures (x = 0.1—0.8) of different shapes such as quantum dots, hexagonal cubes of different sizes between 20 and 500 nm, and nanorods are solvothermally prepared from mixtures of Cd(OAc)2, Hg(OAc)2, Na2TeO3, N2H4·H2O, and en (autoclave, 180 °C, 24 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Growth, Properties and Application of Thick Self‐Standing MWCNT Blocks
Authors: Musso Simone , Bianco Stefano , Giorcelli Mauro , Castellino Micaela , Digregorio Gabriella , Tagliaferro Alberto 
Published: April 2011

AbstractReview: (MWCNT: multiwalled carbon nanotube) 79 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Route for the Synthesis of Mesoporous and Low‐Thermal Stability Materials by Coupled Dissolution‐Reprecipitation Reactions. Mimicking Hydrothermal Mineral Formation
Authors: Brugger Joel , McFadden Aoife , Lenehan Claire E. , Etschmann Barbara , Xia Fang , Zhao Jing , Pring Allan 
Published: April 2011

AbstractReview: 55 refs.
Assessment of Water Quality in the Elbe River at Low Water Conditions Based on Factor Analysis
Authors: Baborowski Martina , Büttner Olaf , Einax Jürgen W. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractAn assessment of water quality measurements during a long‐lasting low water period in the Elbe River is presented. Weekly samples were taken from May to December 2003 at a sampling site in the middle part of the Elbe River. For multivariate data analysis, 34 parameters of 46 samplings were considered. As a result of this analysis, 78% of the variance of the data set is explained by five factors. They can be assigned to the following latent variables: season (37.5%) > tributaries (12.7%) > re‐suspension (10.4%) > discharge (9.4%) > complexation (8.5%). For the investigated sampling site, two key processes were identified as dominating factors on the water quality during low water conditions. First, seasonal phytoplankton development caused changes in redox conditions with consequences for re‐solution of pollutants from sediments. Second, tributaries have a higher impact on the main stream, due to changes in mixing processes. Therefore, in addition to flood investigations, monitoring strategies, and management plans should be developed in order to survey changes in water quality during low water conditions.
Higher response to lenalidomide in relapsed/refractory diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma in nongerminal center B‐cell–like than in germinal center B‐cell–like phenotype
Authors: Hernandez‐Ilizaliturri Francisco J. , Deeb George , Zinzani Pier L. , Pileri Stefano A. , Malik Farhana , Macon William R. , Goy Andre , Witzig Thomas E. , Czuczman Myron S. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:There is a need to develop novel therapies for relapsed/refractory diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and to identify biomarkers predictive for therapeutic response. Lenalidomide was previously shown to induce an overall response rate (ORR) of 28% in patients with relapsed/refractory DLBCL. It is currently unknown if response rates differ between patients with different DLBCL subtypes.METHODS:The authors retrospectively evaluated clinical outcomes of patients with germinal center B‐cell–like versus nongerminal center B‐cell–like DLBCL treated with salvage lenalidomide at 4 academic institutions.RESULTS:Forty patients with relapsed/refractory DLBCL were included (24 men; 16 women; median age, 66 years; median of 4 prior treatments, including rituximab chemotherapy). Patients were classified as germinal center B‐cell–like (n = 23) or nongerminal center B‐cell–like (n = 17) DLBCL according to the Hans algorithm. The subgroups were similar in terms of stage, international prognostic index score, prior number of treatments, and rituximab resistance. A significant difference in clinical response to lenalidomide was observed in nongerminal center B‐cell–like versus germinal center B‐cell–like patients. ORR was 52.9% versus 8.7% (P = .006); complete response rate was 23.5% versus 4.3%. Median progression‐free survival was 6.2 versus 1.7 months (P = .004), although no difference in OS was observed between nongerminal center B‐cell–like and germinal center B‐cell–like DLBCL patients.CONCLUSIONS:The data suggest that the 2 major subgroups of patients with DLBCL (germinal center B cell and nongerminal center B cell) have different antitumor responsiveness to lenalidomide in the relapsed/refractory setting. A large international trial (NCT01197560) has been opened to enrollment in an attempt to prospectively validate these retrospective observations. Cancer 2011;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Symptom burden in cancer survivors 1 year after diagnosis
Authors: Shi Qiuling , Smith Tenbroeck G. , Michonski Jared D. , Stein Kevin D. , Kaw Chiewkwei , Cleeland Charles S. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Few studies have examined risk for severe symptoms during early cancer survivorship. By using baseline data from the American Cancer Society's Study of Cancer Survivors‐I, the authors examined cancer survivors with high symptom burden, identified risk factors associated with high symptom burden, and evaluated the impact of high symptom burden on health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) 1 year postdiagnosis.METHODS:Participants were enrolled from 11 state cancer registries approximately 1 year after diagnosis and were surveyed by telephone or mail. The outcomes measures used were the Modified Rotterdam Symptom Checklist and the Profile of Mood States‐37 (to assess symptom burden) and the Satisfaction with Life Domains Scale‐Cancer (to assess HRQoL).RESULTS:Of 4903 survivors, 4512 (92%) reported symptoms related to their cancer and/or its treatment. Two‐step clustering yielded 2 subgroups, 1 with low symptom burden (n = 3113) and 1 with high symptom burden (n = 1399). Variables that were associated with high symptom burden included lung cancer (odds ratio [OR], 2.27), metastatic cancer (OR, 2.05), the number of comorbid conditions (OR, 1.76), remaining on active chemotherapy (OR, 1.93), younger age (OR, 2.31), lacking insurance/being underinsured (OR, 1.57), having lower income (OR, 1.61), being unemployed (OR, 1.27), and being less educated (OR, 1.29). Depression, fatigue, and pain had the greatest impact on HRQoL in survivors with high symptom burden, who also had lower HRQoL (P < .0001).CONCLUSIONS:More than 1 in 4 cancer survivors had high symptom burden 1 year postdiagnosis, even after treatment termination. These results indicate a need for continued symptom monitoring and management in early post‐treatment survivorship, especially for the underserved. Cancer 2011;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Reirradiation for recurrent medulloblastoma
Authors: Bakst Richard L. , Dunkel Ira J. , Gilheeney Stephen , Khakoo Yasmin , Becher Oren , Souweidane Mark M. , Wolden Suzanne L. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Previously irradiated recurrent medulloblastoma (MB) is a highly lethal disease. Reirradiation is often not considered secondary to its potential toxicity and uncertain efficacy. Analysis of retreatment could help identify the feasibility and role of reirradiation for recurrent MB.METHODS:Thirteen patients who underwent at least 1 course of reirradiation at the authors' institution as a component of management after recurrence were identified, and their medical records were analyzed.RESULTS:At first diagnosis, all patients underwent surgical resection and radiation, with 69% of patients receiving chemotherapy. Median time to initial failure was 50 months (range, 14‐103 months). Reirradiation subsite breakdown was as follows: posterior fossa, 46%; supratentorial/whole brain, 31%; spine, 23%; craniospinal, 8%. Median cumulative dose was 84 grays (range, 65‐98.4 grays). Of 11 patients completing a full course of reirradiation, there were 6 failures, with 3 in the reirradiation field. Kaplan‐Meier estimates of progression‐free and overall survival since time of first recurrence were 48% and 65%, respectively at 5 years. Of patients without gross disease at reirradiation, 83% were without evidence of disease at last follow‐up. With a median follow‐up of 30 months, reirradiation was well tolerated, with only 1 case of asymptomatic, in‐field radiation necrosis.CONCLUSIONS:The results in this series are promising, but must be interpreted with caution given the limitations. Reirradiation provided most benefit to patients with no evidence of disease after surgical re‐resection, and least to patients with gross disease. Important considerations for reirradiation toxicity development include duration between radiation courses and patient age. Further study of reirradiation as part of trimodality therapy is warranted. Cancer 2011;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Patients rate physician communication about lung cancer
Authors: Nelson Judith E. , Gay Elizabeth B. , Berman Andrew R. , Powell Charles A. , Salazar‐Schicchi John , Wisnivesky Juan P. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:High‐quality lung cancer care includes physician‐patient communication about the disease and treatment, patient needs/preferences, and care goals. In this study, the authors evaluated communication with patients at all stages across multiple topics.METHODS:A standardized questionnaire asked patients with lung cancer to rate (on 5‐point, verbal descriptor scale) the extent of communication with physicians on symptoms, spiritual concerns, practical needs, proxy appointment, living will preparation, prognosis, care goals, potential complications of therapy, life support preferences, and hospice. Communication was defined as inadequate if the patient reported discussing ≥5 of 11 questionnaire topics “not at all” or “a little bit.” Multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate the factors associated with inadequate communication.RESULTS:In total, 276 of 348 (79%) eligible patients were enrolled (mean age [±standard deviation], 65 ± 10 years; 55% white, 21% black, and 19% Hispanic; all disease stages). For most topics, the majority of respondents reported that physicians communicated “not at all” or “a little bit.” Low ratings were frequent for discussion of emotional symptoms (56%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 49%‐62%), practical needs (71%; 95% CI, 65%‐76%), spiritual concerns (80%; 95% CI, 75%‐85%), proxy appointment (63%; 95% CI, 57%‐69%), living will preparation (90%; 95% CI, 85%‐93%), life support preferences (80%; 95% CI, 75%‐84%), and hospice (88%; 95% CI, 86%‐94%). Communication was inadequate for patients of different ages, stages, and races, although Hispanics were less likely than non‐Hispanic whites and blacks to report inadequate communication (odds ratio, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.15‐0.65).CONCLUSIONS:Across all stages, patients with lung cancer reported low rates of physician‐patient communication on key topics, which may increase patient distress, impair decision‐making, and compromise clinical outcomes and use patterns. Cancer 2011;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Sox6, jack of all trades: A versatile regulatory protein in vertebrate development
Authors: Hagiwara Nobuko 
Published: April 2011

AbstractApproximately 20,000 genes are encoded in our genome, one tenth of which are thought to be transcription factors. Considering the complexity and variety of cell types generated during development, many transcription factors likely play multiple roles. Uncovering the versatile roles of Sox6 in vertebrate development sheds some light on how an organism efficiently utilizes the limited resources of transcription factors. The structure of the Sox6 gene itself may dictate its functional versatility. First, Sox6 contains no known regulatory domains; instead, it utilizes various cofactors. Second, Sox6 has a long 3′‐UTR that contains multiple microRNA targets, thus its protein level is duly adjusted by cell type–specific microRNAs. Just combining these two characteristics alone makes Sox6 extremely versatile. To date, Sox6 has been reported to regulate differentiation of tissues of mesoderm, ectoderm, and endoderm origins, making Sox6 a truly multifaceted transcription factor. Developmental Dynamics 240:1311–1321, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Heightened fear of uncertainty in anorexia and bulimia nervosa
Authors: Frank Guido K.W. , Roblek Tami , Shott Megan E. , Jappe Leah M. , Rollin Michael D.H. , Hagman Jennifer O. , Pryor Tamara 
Published: April 2011

AbstractObjective:To test whether intolerance of uncertainty (IU) is related to eating disorder (ED) pathology.Method:Thirty individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN), 19 with bulimia nervosa (BN), and 28 healthy control women (CW) completed the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale (IUS).Results:AN and BN groups showed higher IU compared with CW. In AN and BN, Harm Avoidance and Depression scores were positively correlated with IU. In AN but not BN, IU was related positively to Drive for Thinness and Body Dissatisfaction.Discussion:Elevated IU is associated with AN and BN. Anxious traits may be inherent in EDs and IU could be a developmental factor contributing to anxiety, mood, and ED behavior in AN and BN. © 2011 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2012)
Mast cells promote Th1 and Th17 responses by modulating dendritic cell maturation and function
Authors: Dudeck Anne , Suender Cathleen A. , Kostka Susanna Lopez , von Stebut Esther , Maurer Marcus 
Published: April 2011

AbstractMast cells (MCs) play an important role in the regulation of protective adaptive immune responses against pathogens. However, it is still unclear whether MCs promote such host defense responses via direct effects on T cells or rather by modifying the functions of antigen‐presenting cells. To identify the underlying mechanisms of the immunoregulatory capacity of MCs, we investigated the impact of MCs on dendritic cell (DC) maturation and function. We found that murine peritoneal MCs underwent direct crosstalk with immature DCs that induced DC maturation as evidenced by enhanced expression of costimulatory molecules. Furthermore, the MC/DC interaction resulted in the release of the T‐cell modulating cytokines IFN‐γ, IL‐2, IL‐6 and TGF‐β into coculture supernatants and increased the IL‐12p70, IFN‐γ, IL‐6 and TGF‐β secretion of LPS‐matured DCs. Such MC‐“primed” DCs subsequently induced efficient CD4+ T‐cell proliferation. Surprisingly, we observed that MC‐primed DCs stimulated CD4+ T cells to release high levels of IFN‐γ and IL‐17, demonstrating that MCs promote Th1 and Th17 responses. Confirming our in vitro findings, we found that the enhanced disease progression of MC‐deficient mice in Leishmania major infection is correlated with impaired induction of both Th1 and Th17 cells.
A distinct subset of human NK cells expressing HLA‐DR expand in response to IL‐2 and can aid immune responses to BCG
Authors: Evans J. Henry , Horowitz Amir , Mehrabi Maryam , Wise Emma L. , Pease James E. , Riley Eleanor M. , Davis Daniel M. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractSubsets of NK cells can have distinct functions. Here, we report that >25% of human peripheral blood NK cells express HLA‐DR after culture with IL‐2. This can be driven by an expansion of a small subset of NK cells expressing HLA‐DR, in contrast to previous assumptions that HLA‐DR is upregulated on previously negative cells. HLA‐DR‐expressing NK cells showed enhanced degranulation to susceptible target cells and expressed chemokine receptor CXCR3, which facilitated their enrichment following exposure to CXCL11/I‐TAC. Suggesting HLA‐DR‐expressing NK cells have an important role in an immune response, stimulation of PBMCs with Mycobacterium bovis BCG (BCG) triggered expansion of this subset. Importantly, the magnitude of an individual's NK cell IFN‐γ response triggered by BCG was associated with the initial frequency of HLA‐DR‐expressing NK cells in PBMCs. More directly indicating the importance of HLA‐DR‐expressing NK cells, enriching the frequency of this subset in PBMCs substantially augmented the IFN‐γ response to BCG. Thus, HLA‐DR expression marks a distinct subset of NK cells, present at low frequency in circulating blood but readily expanded by IL‐2, that can play an important role during immune responses to BCG.
Evaluation of antioxidant capacity of sesamol and free radical scavengers at different heating temperatures
Authors: Yeo JuDong , Park JungWoo , Lee JaeHwan 
Published: April 2011

AbstractSesamol is a natural antioxidant found in sesame oil from roasted sesame seeds. Activation energy and antioxidant capacity of sesamol were determined and compared with other free radical scavengers (FRSs) including tert‐butylated‐hydroxyquinone (TBHQ), butylated‐hydroxyanisol (BHA), or α‐tocopherol in a lard model system treated with different heating temperature. Each FRS was added in lard and heated at 90, 120, 150, and 180°C for 48, 24, 8, or 2 h, respectively and antioxidant capacity was evaluated by conjugated dienoic acid (CDA) value, conjugated diene hydroperoxides, p‐anisidine value (p‐AV), and a modified 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. Apparent activation energy of sesamol was determined as 12.98 kcal/mol in a lard model system. Antioxidant capacity of sesamol was as good as that of TBHQ and was higher than those of BHA and α‐tocopherol at 90, 120, and 150°C based on CDA, conjugated diene hydroperoxides, and p‐AV assays. The results of a modified DPPH method showed that each FRS showed different distribution of radical scavenging compounds from oxidized lipids (RSOLs) during oxidation. Sesamol may replace synthetic FRSs like TBHQ and BHA in processed foods treated with high temperature.Practical application: Processed foods are frequently treated with high temperature during oven‐drying, roasting, baking, and deep‐fat frying. This study showed that sesamol, one of natural antioxidants, had stronger antioxidant capacities than other synthetic FRSs at the temperature ranges from 90 to 180°C. The results of this study can be applied in food industries producing deep‐fat fried foods including snacks, chips, and French fries to extend the shelf‐life of final foods with high temperature treatment.
Very Fast, Ligand‐Free and Aerobic Protocol for the Synthesis of 4‐Aryl‐Substituted Triphenylamine Derivatives
Authors: Liu Chun , Ni Qijian , Qiu Jieshan 
Published: April 2011

AbstractA fast, convenient and ligand‐free protocol for the synthesis of a series of 4‐aryl‐substituted triphenylamine derivatives by a palladium‐catalysed aerobic Suzuki reaction of aryl halides with [4‐(diphenylamino)phenyl]boronic acid in aqueousiPrOH is described. Importantly, both aryl bromides and heteroaryl halides afforded good to excellent yields under mild conditions.
Waterborne exposure to clodinafop-propargyl disrupts the posterior and ventral development of zebrafish embryos
Authors: Gui Wenjun , Dong Qiaoxiang , Zhou Shengli , Wang Xingxing , Liu Shaoying , Zhu Guonian 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
Clodinafop-propargyl, an aryloxyphenoxypropionate herbicide, is widely used for the control of annual grasses. However, research focusing on the ecotoxicity of this herbicide is limited. The present study employed zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model to investigate its developmental toxicity. Embryos were exposed to a range of concentrations from 0.2 µM to 5 µM starting at late cleavage stage (2 h postfertilization, [hpf]) or late gastrulation stage (10 hpf). The results showed that the two exposure strategies had the same minimum teratogenic concentration of 0.6 µM but caused different groups of morphogenetic malformations. When exposure was initiated at 2 hpf, clodinafop-propargyl caused various embryonic phenotypes, including embryos with a fin gap in the ventral tail and embryos with coiled tail. When exposure was initiated at 10 hpf, clodinafop-propargyl resulted in failure of the tail to detach, in which the ventral tissues failed to grow out but instead adhered to the yolk extension, and the defect differed to various degrees among embryos. Similar effects were observed for embryos exposed to clodinafop, the metabolite of clodinafop-propargyl. Because these defects were mainly confined to the posterior and ventral region that derived from ventral blastoderm cells, we have evaluated the expression of the ventral mesoderm marker gene gata-1 and ventral ectoderm marker gene gata-3. No significant alteration was seen in gata-1 expression except for the expanded blood islands, whereas the expression of gata-3 was significantly reduced. Our findings showed that clodinafop-propargyl exposure disturbed embryonic patterning and fate specification of ventrally derived gastrula ectoderm cells. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011; 30:1576–1581. © 2011 SETAC
The recent development of CO2 fixation and conversion by ionic liquid
Authors: Zhang Jianmin , Sun Jian , Zhang Xiaochun , Zhao Yansong , Zhang Suojiang 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe fixation and conversion of carbon dioxide is a controversial topic. Physical fixation or separation processes that exploit differences in solubility between carbon dioxide and methane in ionic liquids can be employed, resulting in purer gases and higher combustion efficiencies. In order to remove carbon dioxide completely, the structure of ionic liquids must be tailored at a molecular level. The subsequent conversion of carbon dioxide into useful industrial intermediate molecules can also be considered through the reaction of reactive epoxides with inert carbon dioxide. © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd