bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An optical homodyne instrument for simultaneously measuring the dual‐wavelength optical phase variations
Authors: Twu Ruey‐Ching , Hou Hong‐Yao 
Published: March 2012

AbstractA novel homodyne metrology is demonstrated to simultaneously measure the dual‐wavelength optical phase variations in a common‐path polarization interferometer.The homodyne light sources were provided by launching the incident lights with different wavelengths into a same lithium niobate Zn‐indiffused phase modulator. The LabVIEW‐based instrument provides flexible signal processing and real‐time data display for the measured results. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:1464–1466, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26855
Third order integrable UHF bandpass filter using active inductors
Authors: Colucci Paolo , Leuzzi Giorgio , Pantoli Leonardo , Stornelli Vincenzo 
Published: March 2012

AbstractIn this article, an UHF third order bandpass filter based on an high‐Q active inductor (AI) is described and measurement results, performed on a prototype board, are presented and compared with software simulations. The designed AI includes a passive variable phase‐ and amplitude‐compensating network and a highly linear inverting amplifier, forming a gyrator‐C architecture that gives to the filter also frequency and amplitude tuneability proprieties. The fabricated Butterworth filter has a center frequency of 600 MHz and a measured noise figure of 11 dB with a 5 dBm 1‐dB compression point and a 82 dB dynamic range. All passive components values have been chosen to allow the circuit to be completely integrated in a standard IC design. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:1426–1429, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26857
Design and modeling of a high gain wideband circular polarized dielectric resonator antenna array
Authors: Ain M. F. , Qasaymeh Y.M. , Ahmad Z. A. , Zakariya M. A. , Othman M. A. , Abdullah M. Z. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractIn this letter, a circular polarized dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) using notched resonators excited through narrow slots is presented. To improve the gain, the slot positions were determined based on the characteristic of standing wave ratio over a short ended microstrip feeder. To enhance the bandwidth and circular polarization, three notched rectangular dielectric elements were rotated 45° with respect to the sides of the exciting slots. The DRAs are modeled as a parallel RLC component, as that will be used to determine the dielectric resonator dimensions. Antenna characteristics of the array antenna including return loss, radiation patterns, and antenna gain are presented. The size of the whole antenna structure is 40 × 45 mm2 which gives its potential use in wireless communication systems. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:1396–1399, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26860
A novel compact dual band‐notched slot antenna for ultrawideband applications
Authors: Emadian Seyed Ramin , Ghobadi Changiz , Nourinia Javad 
Published: March 2012

AbstractA compact dual band‐notch ultra‐wideband circle‐like slot antenna fed by coplanar waveguide line is proposed.The U‐ and L‐shaped slots are used to create dual‐band notch characteristics. The antenna is as small as 26 × 26 × 1.6 mm3. The designed antenna offers a wide bandwidth from 2.75 to 14.2 GHz (135%), defined by VSWR < 2, with two notched bands, covering all the 5‐/6‐GHz WLAN, 3.5‐/5.5‐GHz WIMAX and 4‐GHz C bands. An equivalent circuit model of the antenna is presented to discuss the mechanism of the dual band‐notched UWB antenna. Impedance, radiation, and gain characteristics of the proposed antenna are also discussed. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:1365–1368, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26862
A multiband hybrid antenna with double layer structures for mobile devices
Authors: Sim Chow‐Yen‐Desmond , Chao Chun‐Heng , He Wen‐Bin 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe design of a hybrid antenna with double layer structures that allow multiband operation in the global system for mobile communications/digital communication systems/personal communication system/universal mobile telecommunications system and wireless local area network band bands is presented. By combining the resonant modes excited separately by the upper layer planar inverted‐F antenna structure (0.88, 0.97, and 1.18 GHz) and lower layer monopole antenna type structure (1.38, 1.76, and 2.45 GHz), a dual‐frequency operation with broadband characteristics can be observed, whereby the lower and upper frequency bands are operating between 0.86 and 1.00 GHz and between 1.15 and 2.63 GHz, respectively. From the experimental results, stable gain and good radiation efficiency are also exhibited within the bands of interest. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:1543–1548, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26863
Altered autophagy gene expression and persistent atrophy suggest impaired remodeling in chronic hemiplegic human skeletal muscle
Authors: von Walden Ferdinand , Jakobsson Finnbogi , EdstrÖm Lars , Nader Gustavo A. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractIntroduction:Upper motor neuron lesions after stroke are a major cause of disability. We aimed to determine whether skeletal muscles from these patients display typical molecular signatures of inflammation, growth arrest, and atrophy.Methods:Muscle biopsies were analyzed for morphological, histochemical, ultrastructural, and molecular features indicative of changes in gene expression involved in muscle atrophy.Results:Chronic hemiplegia resulted in ∽9.5% atrophy, fiber type shifts, and histochemical and ultrastructural signs of impaired remodeling. TNF and TWEAK expressions were unaltered, but MSTN mRNA was lower (−73%, P < 0.05) in paretic tibialis anterior vs. age‐matched controls. The expression of autophagy‐related genes (BCN‐1, LC3, and GABARAPL1) was lower in paretic tibialis anterior (−81%, −48%, and −60%, respectively, P < 0.01) and soleus (−85%, −54%, and −60% respectively, P < 0.01) compared with old controls.Conclusions:Persistent atrophy in chronic spastic hemiplegia may be associated with impaired remodeling partly due to altered autophagy gene expression. Muscle Nerve, 2012
Paleopathological and Molecular Study on Two Cases of Ancient Childhood Leprosy from the Roman and Byzantine Empires
Authors: Rubini Mauro , Erdal Yilmaz S. , Spigelman Mark , Zaio Paola , Donoghue Helen D. 
Published: March 2012

ABSTRACTThis study is based on the paleaopathology of leprosy on human skeletal remains and the detection of ancient Mycobacterium leprae DNA. Two cases of childhood leprosy were recognized. The first case was in a Roman necropolis at Martellona (Rome, Central Italy), dated to the 2nd to 3rd centuries ce. The skeleton of a child aged 4–5 years, from tomb 162, is the youngest individual in Italy from this time period, with the clear rhino‐maxillary syndrome and other bony changes indicative of leprosy. The second case from a burial at Kovuklukaya, in the Sinop region of Northern Turkey, was from the 8th to the 10th centuries, during the Byzantine era. The endocranium of a 4–5‐month‐old infant with new bone formation—an indication of chronic inflammation—was positive for M. leprae DNA. Infant and childhood leprosy is uncommon today, and there is a scarcity of information in the osteoarchaeological literature of leprosy in the past, especially in children. The significance of these cases is that it adds to an understanding of the history of the disease in the former Roman Empire. It is hoped that over time sufficient data can be obtained to understand the epidemiological dynamics and clinical evolution of leprosy from the ancient period until today. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Perceptions of Mentoring of Full‐Time Occupational Therapy Faculty in the United States
Authors: Falzarano Mary , Zipp Genevieve Pinto 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to describe the occurrence, nature and perception of the influence of mentoring for full‐time occupational therapy faculty members who are on the tenure track or eligible for re‐appointment in the United States. An online survey was sent during 2010 September, the beginning of the academic year, to all 818 potential participants in the United States entry‐level and doctoral programmes. Fifty six of 107 participants who met the criteria reported being in a mentoring relationship and positively rated their perception of the influence of mentoring on academic success and academic socialization. The response of all participants to open‐ended questions describes preferred mentoring characteristics (providing information, support), benefits (having someone to go to, easing the stress) and challenges (not enough time, mentoring not valued). Findings inform current and potential faculty of the current state of mentoring. Administrators can use this information when designing mentoring opportunities, educating mentors and mentees about the mentoring process, arranging mentors/mentees release time for engaging in the mentoring process and finally, managing the mentor/mentee needs. The cross‐sectional survey of the United States occupational therapy faculty limits generalizability yet paves the way for future studies to explore retention and recruitment of mentored faculty across countries. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Surgical management of complications of multimodal therapy
Authors: Chui Chan‐Hon 
Published: March 2012

AbstractMultimodality therapies that include surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and various newer forms of targeted therapies have been commonly applied in childhood cancers. Such modalities are associated with complications that may adversely affect the outcome of cancer treatment. Acute complications that require surgical management form the focus of our discussion. These patients are often compromised by immunosuppression, thrombocytopenia, and malnutrition. The complications discussed include typhlitis, invasive aspergillosis (IA), pancreatitis, hemorrhagic cystitis, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, necrotizing skin and soft‐tissue infections, and perianal infection. Familiarity with the spectrum of complications and their appropriate management approaches will minimize the patients' morbidity. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012;59:405–409. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of the Schiff base from polyoxyalkylene‐montmorillonite nanocomposites and aldehydes
Authors: Salahuddin Nehal , Badr Badr , Abdeen Rehab 
Published: March 2012

AbstractVanillin (4‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxy benzaldehyde) and 5‐formylamino salicylic acid microbicides were reacted with polyoxyalkylene‐montmorillonite (D230–2000‐MMT) nanocomposites. The microstructure of these Schiff base nanocomposites was characterized by TEM and XRD. D230–2000‐MMT nanocomposites were prepared by an ion exchange process of sodium montmorillonite (Na‐MMT) and NH3
+ groups in polyoxyalkylene amine hydrochloride with three different molecular masses of D230, D400, and D2000. Wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction confirms the intercalation of the polymer between the silicate layers. Electrostatic interaction between the positively charged NH3
+ groups and the negatively charged surface of MMT was observed. The nanocomposites were tested for antimicrobial activity against the Gram‐negative bacteria (Escherichia coli NCIM 2065), Gram‐positive bacteria (Bacillus subtillus ATCC), and fungi (Candida albicans SC5314 and Cryptococcus neoformans). The D2000‐MMT/vanillin Schiff base nanocomposite strongly inhibited the growth of all microorganisms that can be used in different applications. The amount of loaded polymer and the structure of the nanocomposite play an important role in inhibiting the bacterial and fungal strains. It is found that the Schiff base nanocomposite affect the morphology, oxygen consumption, and the release of cytoplasmic constituents such as potassium (K+), sodium (Na+), and calcium (Ca2+) ions leading to death of the cells. POLYM. COMPOS., 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers
Dielectric properties of nanographite‐filled PMMA composites prepared by in situ polymerization
Authors: Singhi Manasi , Fahim M. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractIn this work, a series of polymer composites was prepared by in situ polymerization of methylmethacrylate (MMA) as a monomer and sonicated nanographite particles (∼400 nm) as conductive fillers. The concentration of nanographite particles was changed in the step of 0.25 wt% in the monomer and five composites having a filler concentration of 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1, and 1.5 wt% respectively were prepared. The composites were characterized for their morphology, thermal, and dielectric behavior. Room temperature dielectric behavior of the composites was studied at six different frequencies of 100 Hz, 1, 10, 100, 500 kHz, and 1 MHz. Temperature‐dependent dielectric properties was studied in the temperature range from 30 to 150°C at the above frequencies. It was interesting to note that at room temperature dielectric constant (ε′) decreased with increasing concentration of nanographite and reached a minimum at a filler concentration of 0.75 wt%. Dielectric relaxation behavior was observed in the temperature versus tan δ curves. The dielectric peak shifted to higher temperatures with increase in frequency and vice‐versa. POLYM. COMPOS., 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers
Use of eco‐friendly epoxy resins from renewable resources as potential substitutes of petrochemical epoxy resins for ambient cured composites with flax reinforcements
Authors: Bertomeu D. , García‐Sanoguera D. , Fenollar O. , Boronat T. , Balart R. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractIn the last years, some high renewable content epoxy resins, derived from vegetable oils, have been developed at industrial level and are now commercially available; these can compete with petroleum‐based resins as thermoset matrices for composite materials. Nevertheless, due to the relatively high cost in comparison to petroleum‐based resins, their use is still restricted to applications with relatively low volume consumption such as model making, tuning components, nautical parts, special effects, outdoor sculptures, etc. in which, the use of composite laminates with carbon, aramid and, mainly, glass fibers is generalized by using hand layup and vacuum assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) techniques due to low manufacturing costs and easy implementation. In this work, we study the behavior of two high renewable content epoxy resins derived from vegetable oils as potential substitutes of petroleum‐based epoxies in composite laminates with flax reinforcements by using the VARTM technique. The curing behavior of the different epoxy resins is compared in terms of the gel point and exothermicity profile by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). In addition, overall performance of flax‐epoxy composites is compared with standardized mechanical (tensile, flexural and impact) and thermal (Vicat softening temperature, heat deflection temperature, thermo‐mechanical analysis) tests. The curing DSC profiles of the two eco‐friendly epoxy resins are similar to a conventional epoxy resin. They can be easily handled and processed by conventional VARTM process thus leading to composite laminates with flax with balanced mechanical and thermal properties, similar or even higher to a multipurpose epoxy resin. POLYM. COMPOS., 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers
Characterization of interfacial toughness in carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite subjected to water aging using single‐fiber fragmentation method in an energy‐based model
Authors: Liu Hongxin , Gu Yizhuo , Li Min , Zhang Zuoguang 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe toughness of the interphase between carbon fibers and epoxy resin was characterized by the interfacial fracture energy, which was derived from the modified Wagner‐Nairn‐Detassis (WND) model, considering the moisture swelling stress. The characterization was used to evaluate the changes of interphase bonding before and after water aging, including boiling water and 70°C water immersion. The effects of the water aging on the parameters in WND model were analyzed. The mechanism of interphase degradation under water aging was interpreted considering the change of interphase thickness, which was measured using the dynamic nanomechanical mapping method. It is shown that the single‐fiber fragmentation test with the proposed energy‐based model can quantify the degradation of interphase toughness after water aging. For the studied system, the interphase thickness has a close relationship with the interfacial fracture energy, indicating that the swelling of the resin matrix and interphase results in an increase in interphase thickness and a decrease in interphase bonding property. POLYM. COMPOS., 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers
The influence of the internal structure of core–shell particles on poly(vinyl chloride)/(methyl methacrylate–butadiene–styrene) blends
Authors: Zhou Chao , Qi Xiaoxue , Gao Yun Xia , Sun Shulin , Zhang Huixuan 
Published: March 2012

AbstractMethyl methacrylate–butadiene–styrene (MBS) core–shell particles were prepared by grafting styrene and methyl methacrylate onto polybutadiene seeds via emulsion polymerization. All the MBS particles were designed with the same chemical composition, similar grafting degree but different internal structures. The difference in internal structure was realized by controlling the ratio of ‘external grafting’ and ‘internal grafting’ of styrene. The work focused on the influence of the internal structure of MBS core–shell particles on the properties of poly(vinyl chloride)/MBS blends. From transmission electron microscopy, three different internal structures were observed: rare sub‐inclusions, a large number of small sub‐inclusions and large sub‐inclusions. The results of dynamic mechanical analysis illustrated that the different internal structures greatly affected the glass transition temperature Tg of the rubber phase and the storage modulus of the core–shell particles. The notched Izod impact test results showed that the MBS with large sub‐inclusions had the lowest brittle–ductile transition temperature, while the transparency test revealed that the presence of sub‐inclusions in the rubbery phase reduced the transparency of the blend. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Origin and Flow Dynamics of Perennial Groundwater in Continuous Permafrost Terrain using Isotopes and Noble Gases: Case Study of the Fishing Branch River, Northern Yukon, Canada
Authors: Utting Nicholas , Clark Ian , Lauriol Bernard , Wieser Martin , Aeschbach‐Hertig Werner 
Published: March 2012

ABSTRACTPerennially flowing groundwater discharges along a 15‐km section of the Fishing Branch River, Yukon causing open water during winter and numerous discrete springs near Bear Cave Mountain. Groundwater flow occurs in karstified marine carbonate rocks as well as in alluvial river talik(s). The PCO2 and δ13C indicate groundwater dissolves CO2 during recharge in organic soils and weathers limestone in the aquifer. These analyses show three groundwater chemistry groups and variability in surface water chemistry. The variations in water chemistry are related to differences in the rocks exposed in the recharge area. The δ18O and δ2H results show that groundwater represents approximately the annual average of precipitation based on samples collected in the region. Noble gases were used to determine that the recharge temperature lies between 0 and 5 °C which suggests that recharge happens during the summer. Groundwater ages, calculated using 3H‐3He dating, were found to be between 0 and 17.7 years. River discharge was measured during spring and summer under different water‐level conditions. Winter baseflow was calculated based on summer discharge measurements and the width of the river channel in winter. Although river flow decreases in winter, groundwater discharge maintains open water. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Adaptive notch filter for synchronization and islanding detection using negative‐sequence impedance measurement
Authors: Tuyen Nguyen Duc , Fujita Goro , Funabashi Toshihisa , Nomura Masakatsu 
Published: March 2012

AbstractDispersed generation (DG) has been found promising for satisfying the requirements of high power quality in distributed systems. One operation situation, namely, an island, is formed when one or more DG systems and an aggregate of local loads are disconnected from the main grid and remain operational as an islanded entity. Islanding is either due to intentional events, e.g. maintenance outage, or due to unintentional events, such as faults, and their subsequent switching actions. Islanding is usually undesirable because of the potential harm it causes to the existing equipment, human safety, power reliability and quality, etc. Accordingly, anti‐islanding schemes are used to immediately detach a DG system from the feeder after islanding. This paper presents an active method of detecting islanding for DG systems by injecting a small negative voltage into the point of common coupling, and then measuring the negative system impedance. In this study, an adaptive notch filter is introduced as a synchronous part instead of a phase‐locked loop and as a signal processing unit as well. The proposed control strategy allows DG systems to detect properly the occurrence of islanding in a balanced distribution system. Simulation results show the overall system performance including synchronization, power control, and islanding detection capability of the simulated DG system. © 2012 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Wavelength‐transparent IP‐over‐CWDM network with stackable ROADMs for best effort performance
Authors: Nooruzzaman Md. , Kawai Shogo , Thi Thanh Thuy Nguyen , Koyama Osanori , Katsuyama Yutaka 
Published: March 2012

AbstractStackable reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexers (S‐ROADMs) have been proposed for use in IP over coarse wavelength‐division multiplexing (CWDM) networks so as to provide capabilities of remote lightpath reconfiguration and manual ROADM reconfiguration under the best effort transmission specified by the service level agreement. The S‐ROADM can be constructed by connecting modules with different wavelengths required in the node. The experimental results clarify that the S‐ROADM can add/drop or pass through the wavelengths successfully, providing no limit to the passing‐through (PT) wavelengths, that is, ensuring the wavelength transparency in the network. The S‐ROADMs could remove congestions by adding a lightpath remotely within a recovery time with degraded SLA. The transmission break time was also within the recovery time when adding a module manually to the in‐service S‐ROADM to increase bandwidth to be provided to new users. As a result, the S‐ROADMs provide more flexible CWDM networks in terms of scalability and reconfigurability. © 2012 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.