bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P01-190 - Molecular Genetic Study on MAOA and SLC6A4 in Association with Intellectual Disability Associated Behavioral Problems
Authors: Das Bhowmik A. , Mahapatra G. , Sinha S. , Chatterjee A. , Mukhopadhyay K. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectiveIntellectual disability (ID) is defined as significantly subaverage intellectual functioning with deficits in adaptive behavior. For ∼40% of individuals, cause for disability remains unknown and these are categorized as idiopathic ID (IID). Various behavioral problems co-occur with ID and thus serotonergic neurotransmission, known to control emotion, mood and drive, has received immense attention. Synaptic serotonin (5-HT) level is primarily maintained by metabolizing enzyme MAOA and serotonin transporter (SLC6A4) which helps in reuptake of the neurotransmitter. Since functional genetic polymorphisms have a potency to affect activities of these proteins, in the present investigation polymorphisms in these genes (MAOA-u VNTR, rs6323, 5-HTTLPR and STIN2) have been analyzed in IID individuals associated with various behavioral problems.MethodsFamilies (N=189) with IID probands were recruited following DSM-IV. After obtaining informed written consent for participation, peripheral blood was collected for isolation of genomic DNA used for PCR-based genotyping of target sites followed by family-based statistical analyses of data.ResultsSignificant association of MAOA rs6323 “T” allele with female IID (P=0.016) and a trend towards association with female IID patients exhibiting behavioral problems (P=0.046) was noticed. Non significant over transmission of the 5-HTTLPR “L” allele was also observed in female IID probands with behavioral problems (P=0.076). Synergistic epistatic interaction, with a sex-bias, was noticed between MAOA and 5-HTT (P< 0.05).ConclusionsFrom the data obtained it could be summarized that serotonergic system may have some role in the etiology of behavioral problems of female IID individuals.
P01-195 - Alexithymia, Somatic Complaints and Depressive Symptoms in a Sample of Italian Adolescents: Preliminary Results of a One-year Longitudinal Study
Authors: De Berardis D. , Serroni N. , Campanella D. , Moschetta F.S. , Ranalli C. , Olivieri L. , Caltabiano M. , Farano M. , Di Filippo M.C. , Silvestrini C. , Russo V. , Totaro E. , Carano A. , Salerno R.M. , Cavuto M. , Martinotti G. , Janiri L. , Di Iorio G. , Alessandrini M. , Di Giannantonio M. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectiveTo evaluate relationships between alexithymia, somatic complaints and depressive symptoms in a non-clinical sample of school-aged Italian adolescents.MethodsA mixed male-female sample of 168 school-aged adolescents with a mean age of 15.8 years was investigated with self-reported rating scales. Scales were: Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Symptom Checklist 90 - Somatization Subscale (SCL-90-SOM), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Rosemberg Self Esteem Scale (RSES). Subjects were evaluated at three times: at the beginning (T0), at the middle (T1) and at the end (T2) of the scholastic year.Results30 subjects (17.9%) were categorized as alexithymics and, overall, showed greater psychological distress than non-alexithymics. Alexithymia levels remained stable during the time as well as the number of alexithymics. Alexithymics were more suitable to develop more severe depressive symptoms. Results of a linear regression supported the notion that depressive symptoms at endpoint were significantly associated with female sex, DIF subscale of TAS-20 and higher SCL-90-SOM scores.ConclusionsAlexithymia, depressive symptoms and somatic complaints appeared to be highly correlated in adolescence.
P01-196 - Sleep Characteristics in Egyptian Children with Attention Deficit-hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Abd El-Hay M. , Badawy A. , El-Sawy H. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectiveTo assess subjective and objective sleep disturbances in an egyptan sample of children who have ADHD.Methods25 medication-free children with a clinical diagnosis of ADHD (21 boys and 4 girls; age range 5-12 years) recruited from outpatient psychiatry clinics- Tanta University Hospital, Egypt, were compared with 20 healthy matched controls.All 25 children with ADHD and controls underwent a semi-structured psychiatric interview (Kiddie-SADS) and a behavior assessment by Conners Teacher Rating Scale (CTRS), Conners Parents Rating Scale (CPRS), and Swanson, Nolan and Pelham Rating Scale (SNAP-IV). The demographic, clinical and psychiatric information of all children was collected from the histories reported by the parents. All patients and control were administered a sleep questionnaire before undergoing nocturnal video-polysmography.ResultsParents reported a wide range of frequently occurring sleep disturbances in their children. Objective sleep measures revealed increase of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep latency and a decrease of REM sleep percentage, and decreased duration of sleep in children diagnosed with ADHD (p < 0.01). No significant correlations between objective sleep measures and clinical symptoms were found.ConclusionsADHD is associated with specific sleep alterations. The results stress the need for clinicians to routinely screen for the presence of sleep disorders, and found to future evidence-based guidelines on the management of sleep disturbances in children with ADHD.
P01-198 - Features of Anxiety Disorders in Sample of Refered Cases to Mental Health Unit for Children and Adolescents Prizren
Authors: Fanaj N. , Poniku I. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesThe main purposes of this work are: recognition of presence of anxiety disorders in children and adolescents referred to our unit; comparison with other disorders; their type and spread; age of symptoms beginning; age of referrals, eventual differences in gender; source of referral and the scale of drop-out.MethodsData are collected from 1110 our referred cases; evaluated and treated in our service 2001-2009 year. We use the retrospective method to review our work. Data processing is done with Excel program.ResultsFrom our 1110 referred cases assessed and treated in our unit we found 224 cases with one anxiety disorder. Anxiety disorders occupied the first place with 20, 18% of all cases; 51, 33% are males and 48, 61% females. In 85 from 224 cases accounted starting time of symptoms and find age 12, 25 year.In the sample of 224 cases with anxiety disorders the most prevalent is ASD with 33%, GAD 18%, Panic disorder 11%, etc. In 39% of cases the source of referral are family doctors/GP. The percentage of drop-out is 63%, where approximately 42, 25% terminated assessment or treatment after the first session. In 31, 69% of cases we use one medicament.ConclusionsAnxiety disorders are among the most presented disorders in our unit. More diagnosed cases are males than females. Age group 0-6 year remains after age groups 7-12 and 13-18 years. Acute stress disorders dominated Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Panic Disorder.
P01-199 - Developmental Lag in ADHD - Cross Sectional Study with Continous Performance Test
Authors: Rybakowski F. , Slopien A. , Borkowska A. , Rajewski A. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesSeveral clinical and neuroimaging studies suggest developmental lag in children with ADHD, which normalizes in late adolescence. However, studies using dimensional behavioral and neuropsychological assessment point to the persistent nature of deficits.MethodsTwo hundred five children with diagnosis of ADHD (187 boys, 18 girls; age 10.9±2.7) and 155 healthy controls (80 boys, 75 girls; age 10.3±2.3) were recruited. Both (unmedicated for 48 hours) patients and healthy controls were assessed with Continous Performance Test (CPT).ResultsPatients with ADHD made more errors and less hits than healthy control children, respectively (19.9±17.4 vs. 16.0±16.2; p=0.02) and (38.0±8.6 vs. 41.4±6.2; p< 0.001). In early school age (7-9 years) children with ADHD performed worse than healthy children in terms of reaction time, number of errors and number of hits, respectively (864.9±111.0 vs. 799.9±116.2; p< 0.001), (32.7±20.2 vs. 23.4±19.6; p< 0.001), (33.1±9.0 vs. 39.0±6.1; p< 0.001). In older school age (10-12 years) and in adolescence (13-17 years) significant differences were observed only in number of hits, respectively (40.3±7.5 vs. 43.0±6.0; p=0.002) and (41.3±6.7 vs. 44.9±2.0; p=0.03).ConclusionsYoung children with ADHD may show more pervasive cognitive deficits, than older children and adolescents. More specific neuropsychological dysfunction may be a trait of ADHD patients, irrespectively of age. These results may suggest existence of several attentional systems, which mature in different developmental periods.
P01-203 - Presentation of a Specialized Outpatient Unit for Internet and PC Addiction -first Year of Operations, Results, Recommendations for the Future
Authors: Siomos K. , Dafoulis V. , Floros G. , Karagiannaki-Kastani I. , Christianopoulos K. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesThe objective of this presentation is to present the experience from the first year of operation of the Specialized Outpatient Unit for Internet and PC Addiction created in the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry of the Hippokration General Hospital of Thessaloniki, Greece.MethodsWe present data from the first 40 adolescents who attended our service. Demographics and PC / Internet usage statistics are presented along with final diagnosis and treatment where it was deemed appropriate, both for Internet addiction disorder but also any co-morbid psychiatric disorder. We describe the diagnostic tests that are employed and their appropriateness for this goal and the therapeutic methods including psychotherapy (a sixteen session CBT protocol) and pharmacotherapy. Recommendations for effectively setting up similar services are given.ResultsAll cases involved teenage boys (mean age 15 yrs) who abused the Internet primarily to play on-line games. In all cases it was the parents who initiated contact with our Unit. In 75% of the cases the primary concern was addiction to the Internet per se while in 25% of the cases it was the drop in school achievement that prompted the parents to seek a possible explanation in excessive Internet use.ConclusionsDuring the first year of operations the Unit has treated with success a variety of cases of Internet addiction disorder and made an effort to alert the public to the new phenomenon. A need for similar services is becoming evident throughout Europe as they have already proliferated in Asia.
P01-214 - Modified Magnesium and Lipoproteins in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Authors: Irmisch G. , Höppner J. , Reis O. , Haessler F. , Weirich S. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesADHD is supposed to be a heterogenous disorder with a complex etiology. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been reported to play a role for a wide range of learning and mood disorders, including ADHD. Furthermore, various additional factors might be beneficial to the buffering effect of PUFAs, including zinc (Zn) and magnesium (Mg). Zn protects lipids against peroxidation by its antioxidative force, as well as it is necessary for the maintenance of fatty acid metabolism enzyme activity. Mg is known to be an indispensable element for fatty acid enzymes and neuronal activities.In this study, lipid, Zn and Mg concentrations were analysed to investigate the pathological processes within the lipid metabolism in ADHD. We assumed that children displaying symptoms of ADHD would have lower concentrations of Mg, Zn and/or different lipoproteins, compared to controls.MethodsBlood serum concentrations of Zn, Mg, total cholesterol (Chol), Apolipoproteins a and b (Apo a and Apo b), High density lipoprotein-Cholesterol (HDL) and Low density lipoprotein-Cholesterol (LDL) were analysed in nine boys with ADHS (8.2 ± 0.6 years) and 11 controls (7.9 ± 0.87 years), at three times under different stressful conditions.ResultsMg and HDL concentrations were significantly higher as Apo b concentrations were lower in ADHD compared to the control group. None of the other parameters did show differences between both groups.ConclusionsMg and lipoproteins may play a role in the etiopathogenesis of ADHD. Further investigations should prove the controverse findings about the interrelationships between Mg concentrations and ADHD symptoms.
P01-215 - Child Sexual Abuse: a Literature Review of Psychosocial and Psychodynamic Aspects
Authors: Jacintho A.C.d.Á. , Santos A. , Morita C.T. , Salán T.M. , Marmo D.B. , Zambon M.P. , Celeri E.H.R.V. , Pereira M.E.C. , Dalgalarrondo P. ,   Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Study Group
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesTo review the literature on child sexual abuse with emphasis on psychosocial/psychodynamic aspects.MethodsSystematic literature review from the articles indexed in Medline, PSYinfo, Pepsic, Lilacs and Scielo in the last ten years. Terms researched were: child sexual abuse, psychosocial, psychodynamic and psychoanalysis.ResultsChild sexual abuse can have devastating consequences for the psychological functioning of children, possibly interfering with their proper process of development. It can contribute to violent behavior, acts of delinquency and mental disorders in adolescence and adulthood, as well as the development of comorbid post-traumatic stress and self-aggressive behaviors, risk behaviors and teenage pregnancy. Gravity of psychic consequences increase in relation to the frequency of abuse. Aspects of power, seduction and coercion are involved. Inequalities of age and gender are highlighted. Often practiced without the use of physical force, it may be difficult to be proven. A frequent abuser of familiarity with the child creates conditions that foster abuse. The revelation of the abuse may not occur, perpetuating the suffering and helplessness of the child. Sexually abused children may develop identification with the abuser and even become sexual offenders in adulthood. There are difficulties in the conceptual definition of abuse, the establishment of protocols for investigative and therapeutic management of cases and in predicting the immediate consequences along with the medium and long-term consequences.ConclusionsStudies on the therapeutic practices used for the treatment of abused children and their families can help to construct therapeutic models, minimizing suffering in this terrible situation of violence.
P01-216 - Child Sexual Abuse: a Socio-demographic and Clinical Data of 19 Cases Treated at a University Hospital
Authors: Jacintho A.C.d.Á. , Morita C.T. , Santos A. , Salán T.M. , Marmo D.B. , Zambon M.P. , Celeri E.H.R.V. , Pereira M.E.C. , Dalgalarrondo P. ,   Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Study Group
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesTo investigate socio-demographic and clinical trials of 19 sexually abused children.MethodsStatistical analysis with SPSS of data on psychiatric and pediatric care of sexually abused children, aged 2-12 years old, treated at the Pediatric Service of University of Campinas-Brazil Clinical Hospital in 2007.ResultsFrom a total of 19 children, 2 (10.5%) were boys and 17 (89.5%) girls. The average age group was 7.4 years. Eleven (57.9%) attended regular school, one (5.3%) attended special school, one (5.3%) pre-school and six (31.5%) did not attend any school. Regarding ethnicity, 11 (57.9%) children were white and eight (42.1%) non-white. The abuse was committed with physical threats in nine (47.4%) cases, without threats in two (10.5%). Eight children were unable to define physical threat. The abuse occurred only once in 10 (52.6%) cases and several times in nine (47.4%). Prior psychiatric treatment occurred in two (5.3%) children and psychological treatment in six (31.6%). Twelve (63.2%) children had never attended psychological or psychiatric consultations. Eleven (57.9%) children received a psychiatric diagnosis and referral for treatment. In 13 (68.4%) attendance was diagnosed in the Z-code of the International Classification of Diseases-10. Family and people close to children appear as abusers in 15 cases (78.9%).ConclusionsDespite the small sample, this study supports the literature in which child sexual abuse appears as a phenomenon more frequent in girls, dysfunctional families, and practiced mainly by family members or close friends of children. The relationship with psychiatric disorders was also highlighted.
P01-223 - A Study on the Polymorphism of DRD4exoniii48bp VNTR and Executive Function in Han Chinese children with Tourette's Syndrome
Authors: Weidong J. , Guoquan Z. , Jiaxiu Z. , Chuang Y. , Tianyou G. , Lanting G. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectiveThe relationship of DRD4exonIII48bp VNTR and executive function were studied in 86 children with Tourette's Syndrome.Methods86 Han Chinese children with GTS were tested using a set of neuropsychological test(Stroop test, trail making test,modified Wisconsin Card sorting test) and compared with 51 healthy control group to understand the relationship between executive deficits and genetics.ResultsCompared with normal children, The GTS group showed impairment on almost all psychological measures. In some stroop test, combined ADHD group differed from the GTS-alone group. No evidence show significantly difference among DRD4exonIII48bp VNTR and executive function.ConclusionGTS patient has executive function deficits,these deficits may have nothing to do with DRD4exonIII48bp VNTR.For comorbid, there is a certain influence in the executive function.
P01-242 - Learning Difficulties and Behavioral Misconduct
Authors: Rocha F. , Rocha A. , Massad E. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectiveA percentage of children with learning difficulties (LD) in reading and calculating have behavioral problems (BP), too. Two LD groups - having (GA) and not-having (GB) behavioral problems according to their teachers - were studied.MethodsChild Behavior Checklist (CBCL) was filled by the teachers of 236 LD children, 45 of them having BP complaints. Factor Analysis was employed to analyze CBCL data.ResultsTwo Factors accounted for more than 70% of the total data variance on both GA (F1 and F2) and GB (F3 and F4 in Table 1) groups.Table 1 GAGB F1F2F3F4ATE0,1694690,7337780,4986210,640568HIP-0,050950,9467820,8129220,134896OPO0,1377820,942060,9160170,074784SOC-0,68666-0,079780,266948-0,77538ANX0,8156560,3227850,5850020,537535AFE0,7808820,2111070,1925740,8036SHY0,9104160,1154760,3888870,753765AGR0,2209080,8689270,8541940,171585SOM0,793687-0,169110,566520,163216Eigenval4,1412612,4375994,3510631,644172Variance46,0140127,084434,35106318,26857ATE - attention deficit; HIP - hyperactivity; OPO - opposition-defiant; SOC - sociability; ANX - anxiety; AFE -affective complaints; SHY - shyness; AGR - aggressiveness; SOM - somatic complaints.According to the DSM-V and the above results, GA children have a CBLC profile compatible with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD - F1) or Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Combined Type (F2), whereas GB students are either ADHD, Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive Type (F3) or ADHD, Predominantly Inattentive Type (F4).ConclusionThe results indicate that teachers tend to consider either ADHD/Hyperactive-Impulsive (F3) or ADHD/Inattentive (F4) as not having BP and to consider misbehavior associated with GAD (F1) and ADHD/Combined (F2).
P01-245 - Besides a Waiting Room: Playroom as a Diagnostic and Therapeutic Resource Before Psychiatric Consultation
Authors: Santos A. , Salán T.M. , Jacintho A.C.d.Á. , Celeri E.H.R.V. , Dalgalarrondo P. ,   Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Study Group
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesTo evaluate the diagnostic and therapeutic applications of playrooms implemented in care services of children's health, while waiting for a consultation appointment.MethodsA playroom was developed in a child psychiatry outpatient service in a University Hospital, where spontaneous approaches, without educational or psycho-specific directing, were conducted by members of a multidisciplinary team of this service. The children had their attitudes and behaviors observed by these professionals during the playful waiting time in the playroom. Therefore, all observations have been used in subsequent discussions with the professional directly responsible for the child's care, in order to enrich and supplement the case's supervision.ResultsIn spite of the spread of the playrooms, there are few studies about them, their objectives and key aspects for their creation and maintenance. It not only adds new elements to those given by family, teachers and patients, but also allows a free observation of the latent unspoken aspects that emerge during play and complement or even change the caregiver first impressions.ConclusionThe experience of a playroom implemented in a child psychiatry outpatient service in a University Hospital agrees with the studies that indicate that through playful-creative activities children can make discoveries their own way, develop relationships and elaborate affective aspects of their psychic space. Rescue strategies in spontaneous play are essential elements for the children's integral development, creativity, learning and socialization. Above all, playrooms also have a therapeutic and diagnostic role in children's care.
P01-247 - Demographic Survey of ADHD in Hemel Hempstead UK
Authors: Sharma J. 
Published: June 2010

IntroductionAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is among the most commonly diagnosed behavioural disorders. There is a glaring paucity of published data on current practice in ADHD Clinics in UK. Following on from recommendations of the European Clinical Guidelines for Hyperkinetic Disorder, NICE guidelines, American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, it is practice that an appropriately qualified healthcare professional only should make a formal diagnosis of ADHD, with the assessment process involving a multidisciplinary team approach. A specialist ADHD clinic was started in Hemel Hempstead in 2005 conducted on a monthly basis.ObjectivesThe present work aims to collate the demographics of the referrals to the Specialist ADHD clinic, and compare it to the National figures. Theories and ideas relevant to improvement could be deduced from this data.MethodsLiterature review has been conducted to have national figures for comparison. Data will be collated from monthly appointments to ascertain the demographic facts. Further work will include looking at the outcome of the assessment. Data collection will involve review of notes, letters and recording of information and analysis will be done with use of excel and graphs.ResultsWill show the number and characteristics of referrals; and the outcome of assessments. These will then be compared to national figures.ConclusionsRecommendations will be extracted from the data available. These preliminary findings would help in understanding the disorder better, and add to the evidence base which could then be applied to effective management of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.