bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: A Concise Total Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐A80915G, a Member of the Napyradiomycin Family of Antibiotics.
Authors: Takemura Shunji , Hirayama Aya , Tokunaga Junko , Kawamura Fumie , Inagaki Kyoko , Hashimoto Kimiko , Nakata Masaya 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidation of o‐Methoxyphenols with a Hypervalent Iodine Reagent: Improved Synthesis of Asatone and Demethoxyasatone.
Authors: Kuerti Laszlo , Szilagyi Laszlo , Antus Sandor , Nogradi Mihaly 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Approach Toward a Generic Treatment of Gram‐Negative Infections: Synthesis of Haptens for Catalytic Antibody Mediated Cleavage of the Interglycosidic Bond in Lipid A.
Authors: van den Berg Richard J. B. H. N. , Noort Daan , Milder‐Enacache Elena S. , van der Marel Gijs A. , van Boom Jacques H. , Benschop Hendrik P. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Titania Nanotubes Prepared by Chemical Processing.
Authors: Kasuga Tomoko , Hiramatsu Masayoshi , Hoson Akihiko , Sekino Toru , Niihara Koichi 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemistry of Fullerenes, Novel Allotropic Modifications of Carbon
Authors: Sokolov V. I. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Current Topics of Cyclic Benzopolychalcogenides Containing Sulfur and Selenium: Synthesis and Reactions
Authors: Sato Ryu 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Activation of CO Bonds: Stoichiometric and Catalytic Reactions
Authors: Lin Yong‐Shou , Yamamoto Akio 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Cleavage of Carbon—Carbon Single Bonds by Transition Metals
Authors: Murakami Masahiro , Ito Yoshihiko 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: News About Acepentalene, Cyclopentadienyl Cations, and Other Elusive Aromatic and Antiaromatic Compounds
Authors: De Meijere Armin , Haag Rainer , Schungel Franz‐Manfred , Kozhushkov Sergei I. , Emme Ingo 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Advances in Nonpeptide Glucagon Receptor Antagonists
Authors: Madsen P. , Brand C. L. , Holst J. J. , Knudsen L. B. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Tautomerism in the Solid State
Authors: Sugawara Tadashi , Takasu Isao 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Applications of Photoluminescence Techniques to the Characterization of Solid Surfaces in Relation to Adsorption, Catalysis, and Photocatalysis
Authors: Anpo Masakazu , Che Michel 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Skeletal Isomerization of n‐Butenes Catalyzed by Medium‐Pore Zeolites and Aluminophosphates
Authors: Meriaudeau Paul , Naccache Claude 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Radiolabeled Endohedral Fullerenes by Nuclear Recoil Implosion
Authors: Braun Tibor , Rausch Henrik 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Methanol to Hydrocarbons: Enhanced Aromatic Formation Using a Composite Ga2O3—H‐ZSM‐5 Catalyst.
Authors: Freeman David , Wells Richard P. K. , Hutchings Graham J. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Gas holdup in a two‐phase reversed flow jet loop reactor
Authors: Wagh S. M. , Koranne K. V. , Mankar R. B. , Sonolikar R. L. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractExperimental investigations have been carried out in Reversed Flow Jet Loop Reactor (RFJLR) to study the influence of liquid flow rate, gas flow rate, immersion height of two‐fluid nozzle in reactor and nozzle diameter on gas holdup without circulation, that is, gas–liquid mixture in draft tube only (Egd) and gas holdup with circulation loop (Eg). Also critical liquid flow rate required for transition from draft tube to circulation loop has been determined. Gas holdup was measured by isolation valve technique. Gas holdup in draft tube and circulation loop increased with increase in liquid flow rate and gas flow rate. It is observed that the increased flow rate is required for achieving a particular value of gas holdup with larger nozzle diameter. Nozzle at the top edge of draft tube have higher gas holdup as compared to other positions. It has been noted that, no significant recirculation of gas bubbles into the top of draft tube from annulus section has been observed till a particular liquid flow rate is reached. A plot of gas holdup with no circulation and with circulation mode determines minimum liquid flow rate required to achieve complete circulation loop. Critical liquid flow rate required to achieve complete circulation loop increases with increase in gas flow rate and is minimum at lowest immersion height of two‐fluid nozzle.
Investigation of hydrodynamics of binary fluidized beds via radioactive particle tracking and dual‐source densitometry
Authors: Upadhyay Rajesh K. , Roy Shantanu 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe mixing and hydrodynamic behaviour of binary fluidized beds of particles of same size and differing density has been investigated experimentally by using radiation based non‐invasive techniques, viz. radioactive particle tracking (RPT) and dual‐source densitometry. The effect of air inlet velocity and bed composition has been investigated. RPT experiments are performed individually for both the solids by tracking one particle at a time. Many interesting findings are discussed, for example, such as the heavier (jetsam) phase is seen to be fluidized by action of the lighter (flotsam) phase even below its minimum fluidization velocity. Further, it has been found that while with increase in air inlet velocity, the extent of mixing of solid phases increases; even at very high air velocities the jetsam phase is not completely mixed. The important role played by the particle–particle collisions in the fluidization of binary mixtures is quantitatively highlighted.Le mélange et le comportement hydrodynamique des lits fluidisés binaires de particules de même taille et de différentes densités ont été étudiés expérimentalement en utilisant une technique non invasive à base de rayonnements par le suivi des particules radioactives et la densitométrie à double foyer. L'effet de la vitesse d'admission d'air et de la composition du lit a été étudié. Des expériences de suivi des particules radioactives sont exécutées individuellement pour chacun des deux solides par le suivi d'une particule à la fois. Plusieurs résultats intéressants sont discutés, comme par exemple, il est observé que la phase plus lourde (jetsam) est fluidisée par l'action de la phase plus légère (flotsam), même en dessous de sa vitesse minimum de fluidisation. De plus, il a été constaté que, tandis qu'avec l'accroissement de la vitesse d'admission d'air, l'ampleur du mélange des phases solides augmente, la phase jetsam n'est pas complètement mélangée même à des vitesses d'air très élevées. Le rôle important joué par les collisions particule‐particule dans la fluidisation des mélanges binaires est quantitativement mis en évidence.
Intensified operation of slurry bubble columns using structured gas injection
Authors: Hooshyar Nasim , Hamersma Peter J. , Mudde Robert F. , van Ommen J. Ruud 
Published: June 2010

AbstractWe investigate uniform gas injection using a needle sparger as a structuring methodology to reduce backmixing in slurry bubble columns. Using optical probes, we determined the gas fraction and the bubble behaviour in 2D and 3D slurry bubble columns with a uniform gas injection. Experimental results for air–water–glass beads (ds = 108 µm, Usg = 0–0.10 m/s) indicate that a strong reduction in the vortical structures has been achieved and the homogeneous flow regime can be extended beyond 30% gas fraction. Increasing the solids concentration decreases the gas fraction and widens the bubble velocity distribution. Furthermore, we show by modelling that the reduced backmixing leads to a major improvement of the conversion in case of Fischer–Tropsch synthesis.
Clustering behaviour in gas–liquid–solid circulating fluidized beds with low solid holdups of resin particles
Authors: Liu Jianhua , Liu Mingyan , Zongding Hu 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe flow in a gas–liquid–solid circulating fluidized bed is self‐organised and manifests itself with clustering of particles and bubbles. The clustering behaviour in the fluidized bed at low solid holdups of resin particles was experimentally investigated with a high‐speed image measurement and treatment technique of complementary metal oxide semiconductor to enhance the fundamental understanding on such a flow. Several new physical quantities were suggested to characterise such ordered flow structures. The main findings are as follows. The clusters of solid particles largely exist as doublets and triplets, the mixed groups of particles and bubbles mostly exist as one bubble carrying two to four particles. Increasing superficial liquid velocity, particle diameter or density weakens the aggregation degrees of both particle and mixed clusters in the riser and downer, except that the increase of superficial liquid velocity enhances the mixed clustering behaviour in the riser. The climbing of the auxiliary liquid velocity or liquid phase viscosity intensifies the aggregation behaviour, except that the increase of liquid phase viscosity reduces the mixed clustering degree in the riser. The influences of superficial gas velocity and surface tension of liquid phase on the clustering behaviour seem to be a little complex and the trends are not simply increasing or decreasing. The life cycle of solid particle clusters in the GLS riser is not sensitive to the operation conditions, being around 0.07 s. The mixed clusters' life cycle is more sensitive to the conditions and physical properties of phases, changing from 0.02 to 0.07 s.
Dynamic adsorption of octanols at air/water interface
Authors: Phan Chi M. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe dynamic adsorptions of 1‐, 2‐ and 3‐octanols at air/water interface were monitored using pendant drop method. It has been found that 1‐octanol had strongest interfacial effects, yet slowest rate of adsorption. The experimental data were compared with diffusion‐controlled and diffusion‐kinetic‐mixed models. Excepting 3‐octanol at 1 mM, all systems required kinetic step. The effective kinetic constant was found varying with the concentration and the carbinol position. The results highlighted the influence of hydrophobic tails on the dynamic adsorption.
Simulation of hydrodesulfurization using artificial neural network
Authors: Wang Weizhi , Zhang Qikai , Ding Lianhui , Zheng Ying 
Published: June 2010

AbstractArtificial neural network (ANN) is applied to investigate the hydrodesulfurization (HDS) process with light‐cycle oil as feed and NiMo/Al2O3 as catalyst. ANN models frequently work as a “black box” which makes the model invisible to users and always need significant data for training. In this work, a new ANN is proposed. The Langmuir–Hinshelwood kinetic mechanism is incorporated into the model so that the proposed ANN model is forced to follow the given reaction mechanisms. Both advantages of self‐learning ability of ANN and the existing knowledge of HDS were taken into account. Lengthy training process is minimised. Effects of operating temperature, pressure, and LHSV on the sulfur removal rate are studied. The inhibition of nitrogen compounds is also investigated. It is shown that the presence of nitrogen can significantly reduce the conversion rate of sulfur components, in particularly, hard sulfur such as 4,6‐DMDBT.
Bitumen content estimation of Athabasca oil sand from broad band infrared reflectance spectra
Authors: Rivard B. , Lyder D. , Feng J. , Gallie A. , Cloutis E. , Dougan P. , Gonzalez S. , Cox D. , Lipsett M.G. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractOil sand is a mixture of quartz grains, clay minerals, bitumen, water, and minor accessory minerals. There is a need in oil sands mining operations for a robust method to estimate total bitumen content in real time; and so modelling of the total bitumen content (TBC) in Athabasca oil sands of Western Canada was undertaken on the basis of hyperspectral reflectance spectra. A selection of different bitumen, water, and clay mineral spectral features (3.0–30.0 µm) was used to develop broad‐band TBC predictive models that have good accuracy, with less than 1.5% error with respect to laboratory methods of bitumen assay. These models are also robust, in that they are independent of mine location. Simple broad band models, based upon previously identified Gaussian features or wavelet features, provide an incremental improvement over the currently deployed industry two‐band ratio model. An improved two‐band model was also developed, which makes use of a combination of the same two bands but normalised to their mean. A wavelet‐based, broad‐band model comprised of indices and five bands, where the bands are normalised to the mean of the bands, adequately addresses the influence of water, clay, and textural variation on selected bitumen features. This five‐band model appears to produce the most robust estimator of TBC, with a dispersion of ∼1.1–1.5%, which can be applied to different sites within a mine and to different mines without additional tuning or calibration, as evidenced by regression slopes of 0.99–1.0 for modelling, validation, and blind data sets.
Conditional gene expression and lineage tracing of tuba1a expressing cells during zebrafish development and retina regeneration
Authors: Ramachandran Rajesh , Reifler Aaron , Parent Jack M. , Goldman Daniel 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe tuba1a gene encodes a neural‐specific α‐tubulin isoform whose expression is restricted to the developing and regenerating nervous system. By using zebrafish as a model system for studying CNS regeneration, we recently showed that retinal injury induces tuba1a gene expression in Müller glia that reentered the cell cycle. However, because of the transient nature of tuba1a gene expression during development and regeneration, it was not possible to trace the lineage of the tuba1a‐expressing cells with a reporter directly under the control of the tuba1a promoter. To overcome this limitation, we generated tuba1a:CreERT2 and β‐actin2:loxP‐mCherrry‐loxP‐GFP double transgenic fish that allowed us to label tuba1a‐expressing cells conditionally and permanently via ligand‐induced recombination. During development, recombination revealed transient tuba1a expression in not only neural progenitors but also cells that contribute to skeletal muscle, heart, and intestine. In the adult, recombination revealed tuba1a expression in brain, olfactory neurons, and sensory cells of the lateral line, but not in the retina. After retinal injury, recombination showed tuba1a expression in Müller glia that had reentered the cell cycle, and lineage tracing indicated that these cells are responsible for regenerating retinal neurons and glia. These results suggest that tuba1a‐expressing progenitors contribute to multiple cell lineages during development and that tuba1a‐expressing Müller glia are retinal progenitors in the adult. J. Comp. Neurol. 518:4196–4212, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Complete mapping of glomeruli based on sensory nerve branching pattern in the primary olfactory center of the cockroach Periplaneta americana
Authors: Watanabe Hidehiro , Nishino Hiroshi , Nishikawa Michiko , Mizunami Makoto , Yokohari Fumio 
Published: June 2010

AbstractGlomeruli are structural and functional units in the primary olfactory center in vertebrates and insects. In the cockroach Periplaneta americana, axons of different types of sensory neurons housed in sensilla on antennae form dorsal and ventral antennal nerves and then project to a number of glomeruli. In this study, we identified all antennal lobe (AL) glomeruli based on detailed innervation patterns of sensory tracts in addition to the shape, size, and locations in the cockroach. The number of glomeruli is ∼205, and no sex‐specific difference is observed. Anterograde dye injections into the antennal nerves revealed that axons supplying the AL are divided into 10 sensory tracts (T1–T10). Each of T1–T3 innervates small, oval glomeruli in the anteroventral region of the AL, with sensory afferents invading each glomerulus from multiple directions, whereas each of T4–T10 innervates large glomeruli with various shapes in the posterodorsal region, with a bundle of sensory afferents invading each glomerulus from one direction. The topographic branching patterns of all these tracts are conserved among individuals. Sensory afferents in a sub‐tract of T10 had axon terminals in the dorsal margin of the AL and the protocerebrum, where they form numerous small glomerular structures. Sensory nerve branching pattern should reflect developmental processes to determine spatial arrangement of glomeruli, and thus the complete map of glomeruli based on sensory nerve branching pattern should provide a basis for studying the functional significance of spatial arrangement of glomeruli and its developmental basis. J. Comp. Neurol. 518:3907–3930, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Computational modeling of passive myocardium
Authors: Göktepe S. , Acharya S. N. S. , Wong J. , Kuhl E. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThis work deals with the computational modeling of passive myocardial tissue within the framework of mixed, non‐linear finite element methods. We consider a recently proposed, convex, anisotropic hyperelastic model that accounts for the locally orthotropic micro‐structure of cardiac muscle. A coordinate‐free representation of anisotropy is incorporated through physically relevant invariants of the Cauchy–Green deformation tensors and structural tensors of the corresponding material symmetry group. This model, which has originally been designed for exactly incompressible deformations, is extended towards entirely three‐dimensional inhomogeneous deformations by additively decoupling the strain energy function into volumetric and isochoric parts along with the multiplicative split of the deformation gradient. This decoupled constitutive structure is then embedded in a mixed finite element formulation through a three‐field Hu–Washizu functional whose simultaneous variation with respect to the independent pressure, dilatation, and placement fields results in the associated Euler–Lagrange equations, thereby minimizing the potential energy. This weak form is then consistently linearized for uniform‐pressure elements within the framework of an implicit finite element method. To demonstrate the performance of the proposed approach, we present a three‐dimensional finite element analysis of a generic biventricular heart model, subjected to physiological ventricular pressure. The parameters employed in the numerical analysis are identified by solving an optimization problem based on six simple shear experiments on explanted cardiac tissue. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reflectance factor measurement systematic errors due to near infrared fluorescence
Authors: Nadal Maria E. , Miller C. Cameron , Zarobila Clarence 
Published: June 2010

AbstractOrange and red ceramic tiles that are widely used as measurement standards for reflectance factor unexpectedly exhibit near infrared fluorescence. Two measurement methods, illuminating the sample with broadband light and spectrally resolving the reflectance or illuminating the sample with monochromatic light and using a broadband detector, are commonly used to measure reflectance factor. The effect this fluorescence component has on the measured reflectance factor utilizing different measurement methods is analyzed. Published 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 2011