bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Standardization as open innovation: two cases from the mobile industry
Authors: Grøtnes Endre 
Published: November 2009

PurposeThe purpose of the paper is to introduce standardization as a neutral arena for open innovation. The aim is to show that different policies towards open membership in standardization initiatives lead to different open innovation processes.Design/methodology/approachTwo cases are used to illustrate the differences in open innovation processes. The cases are the Android mobile operating system and the service platform developed by the Open Mobile Alliance. The core process types introduced by Gassmann and Enkel are used to show the different open innovation approaches.FindingsBoth cases use open innovation to create standards. Open membership leads to a coupled process, while a more restricted membership gives separate inside‐out and outside‐in processes. The case lead by established firms in the industry has a process where radical innovations are introduced early in the process, while the case lead by newcomers has a process where radical innovations are introduced late in the process. The two cases have different approaches towards commercialization of the products. Android relies on third‐party developers, while the Open Mobile Alliance relies on their own members.Research limitations/implicationsThe cases are from the telecommunication sector and based on standardization of large technical platforms. The findings might not be the same for other sectors.Originality/valueThe paper establishes open innovation as a neutral arena for open innovation outside the domain of any single firm. It shows how the openness towards membership influences the choice of open innovation processes.
Management of floods in Malawi: case study of the Lower Shire River Valley
Authors: Lumumba Mijoni Patrick , Izadkhah Yasamin O. 
Published: November 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyse some vital aspects of floods in Malawi by examining the case study of the Lower Shire River Valley. Whilst the world has many wars taking place and causing unbearable human suffering, natural disasters are also taking their toll on humanity in various ways. The threats of the flood hazard have become complex and interrelated whilst the number of the vulnerable is growing fast. Floods have not spared the peaceful country of Malawi. The whole of Malawi is virtually vulnerable to floods. However, the Lower Shire Valley has been one of the most affected parts of the country.Design/methodology/approachThe paper has focused on the extent of people's vulnerability to the flood hazard and the effectiveness of its management in the area. It has duly analysed the risk reduction measures in practice and identified the various political, social, and economic factors that influence the management of floods in this valley. The study exposes the Malawi strategy towards flood mitigation as well as the situation and attitudes of the flood victims pertaining to the policies and the measures being utilised to address the hazard.FindingsThe study confirms that floods can be an issue of broad security agenda. Despite the entanglement of financial constraints, the study recommends that policy makers should make more effort to alleviate the lamentable situation in this valley.Practical implicationsIt is a requisite to have a comprehensive approach and pragmatic policies as well as their implementation mechanisms. There is also a requirement for effective consultation, collaboration and coordination, progress monitoring and above all, the will.Originality/valueBoth the intensity and the frequency of floods are definitely indicating to be on the increase in the country while the capacity to contain them and to protect people to substantial levels is lacking. The paper indicates that the flood hazard has continuously made the habitants of flood plains in Malawi vulnerable and that the extent of vulnerability to the flood risk is very high in the Lower Shire Valley.
The application of digital elevation model for the interpretation of Klang Valley geological structure
Authors: Abd Manap Mohamad , Firuz Ramli Mohammad , Redzwan Ghufran 
Published: November 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to utilise the interactive view capability of the geographical information system (GIS) for the geological interpretation in Klang Valley, Malaysia.Design/methodology/approachTopographical map scale of 1:10 000 was used to generate digital elevation model (DEM). The geological map was draped over the DEM to create a 3D perspective view. The geological interpretation was undertaken using the 3D capability of the GIS software.FindingsFrom the study, five lineaments which could possibly be the newly identified faults and one lithological boundary have been delineated.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough these findings need to be rechecked in the field, they show the capability of the DEM application in structural geology interpretation.Practical implicationsThe results obtained from this study demonstrate the capability of utilising a geological map draped over DEM for structural geological interpretation. Thus the technique may increase the interpretation accuracy.Originality/valueThe major outcome of this research is the possible use of DEM in the application of geological study.
Transforming debris management: considering new essentials
Authors: Ekici Siddik , McEntire David A. , Afedzie Richard 
Published: November 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to review what is known about debris management and acknowledge that the effective removal of debris has positive impacts on communities affected by disaster. Four new concerns are introduced that should be considered during the debris management process. These include the recognition of additional debris types as well as the importance of evidence in crime scene investigations.Design/methodology/approachA literature review on debris management is presented in this paper. It illustrates the relevance, amount, and types of debris in disasters as well as the need for advanced planning. Four new essentials are then discussed.FindingsThose involved in debris management should consider how they will deal with excessive donations, human remains, animal carcasses and evidence collection.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough this research could be enhanced with practitioner interviews, the literature review is fairly thorough.Practical implicationsLessons in this paper will help to bring about more effective and efficient debris management operations.Originality/valueThis research reviews the current state of knowledge and adds to it.
Crisis management
Authors: Khodarahmi Ehsan 
Published: November 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to gather arguments and counterarguments about crises management to date, in order to add value to the current knowledge.Design/methodology/approachThe originality of the concept has remained untouched. The whole idea of writing the literature review was based on what others have done to date and at what point further research stopped and why. This took place only by reading previous research and not conducting any primary research.FindingsCrisis management is what almost all businesses have to have expertise in if success is sought. Based on this study one fit for all strategy is one of the main components of failure as well as failed crisis management.Research limitations/implicationsThe main limitation is that not enough has been done in this arena and future research is essential to establish why the majority of businesses do not in fact learn lessons from past mistakes. More importantly they do not take some issues as seriously as they should; which in turn leads to crisis, when management is difficult because the timing is too late. However they claim otherwise and have no factual justification.Practical implicationsIdentifying the credible source of information and being flexible in terms of learning is the most important thing. There are various researches conducted, which are abundant with examples of successful as well as failed crisis management strategies. This paper brings research together in order to contribute to the current knowledge and let scholars and practitioners enjoy one of the latest literature reviews of crisis management with recent and real examples.Originality/valueHistory repeats over time, but one needs to realise this and have the ability to update the solutions compatible with the faced situation and the time. The twenty‐first century is a complex era and needs sophisticated management with proactive and adaptable attitude. Managers normally forecast a situation and before it turns to crisis they deal with it prudently and control the whole situation professionally.
Media relations
Authors: Khodarahmi Ehsan 
Published: November 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify all important aspects of media relations researched by others and write a succinct literature review in order to facilitate the data gathering procedure for the future research in the field. Reliable references are quoted to fulfil the purpose of this paper.Design/methodology/approachThis paper aims to provide an easy to read literature review about media relations and explain terms by appropriate examples. This is done by reading other articles from previous research and reviewed contemporary issues in terms of media relations that businesses face and how they manage the whole process.FindingsThroughout the course of the work, it was found that many small to medium‐sized businesses and organisations do not actually plan for their media relations and have limited knowledge of the concept. However larger organisations and conglomerates have a good understanding of media relations and use it as a powerful PR tool. Just a few of them integrate their media relations with other components of PR and this can allow some speculations.Originality/valueMedia relations should not be used when issues and crises rise; it is essential to have constant liaison with top media owners in order to be informed about what is going on in the market. This allows adopting/changing strategies when needed in order to earn more public trust, as well as proactively identifying potential issues. Such flexibility and relationship with the media helps businesses to hinder potential issues from being turned to any kind of situation, which may harm own brands and publicity. Therefore customers feel valued and the government trust that particular business activity, because it is in favour with the society. Hence it gives invaluable credit to the business of the company.
Applied digital library project management
Authors: Cervone H. Frank 
Published: November 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to define and describe Pugh matrix analysis as a method for decision making when there are multiple criteria that must be factored into a decision.Design/methodology/approachUsing theory and example, the author relates the use of Pugh matrix analysis to the successful selection of prioritized criteria in digital library projects.FindingsPugh matrix analysis (PMA) is useful as a method for determining a course of action as well as gaining consensus with a project team. Because it is based on multiple criteria decision analysis techniques, PMA can help a team understand the relationship of multiple issues within a project as well as the individual perspectives project team members and the user community bring to the issues at hand.Originality/valueThis paper fills a gap in the digital library project management literature by providing an overview of a useful tool to prioritize the issues, factors, and courses of action within a project that has multiple criteria decision points.
Exposing the history of Europe: the creation of a structure to enable time‐spatial searching of historical resources within a European framework
Authors: Aucott Paula J. , von Lünen Alexander , Southall Humphrey 
Published: November 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe the development of a knowledgebase supporting a prototype Europe‐wide time‐spatial search interface for historical resources. It discusses how this structure could be used to access other types of digital heritage content.Design/methodology/approachBy using a relational database with spatial capabilities, a multi‐lingual search structure has been created which supports a temporal map and a facetted browser, collaborative facilities and a heritage resource viewer, with links to online catalogues.FindingsCombining data from three states with very different histories identified the strengths and weaknesses of the approach. The framework's flexibility means it could easily be re‐purposed to support front ends to other types of cultural content.Research limitations/implicationsDue to the variability in the administrative unit source data, its initial integration required significant manipulation to achieve consistency; however, the benefits of data assimilation ensure the base framework is as efficient as possible.Practical implicationsUsage levels of on‐line cultural resources will be far higher if ordinary users can access them via access routes which have meaning for them, such as by locality/place. Ontology‐based geographical frameworks are much easier to search by place name than are conventional GIS systems, and vastly more accessible to search engines.Originality/valueThis interface demonstrates the potential for integrating data from any number of different national organisations into a single user tool. It also highlights the potential for utilising the underlying structure in multiple contexts.
Migration management: an approach for improving strategy implementation
Authors: Getz Gary , Jones Chris , Loewe Pierre 
Published: November 2009

PurposeThis paper aims to investigates a process called “migration management.”, which the authors, Strategos consultants, believe that most companies need to link strategy development and strategy execution.Design/methodology/approachMigration management employs two core perspectives to achieve better strategy implementation – a “future state” description considers identity and a “migration path” charts action.”FindingsBy creating and properly using clear statements of desired future identity and sequenced, interrelated paths of action programs within management processes oriented toward learning and adaptation, companies have been able to overcome the dilemmas and challenges associated with traditional approaches to strategy implementation.Practical implicationsWith the intermediate future state and the overall migration path as guides, managers can translate the migration path programs into specific projects and initiatives.Originality/valueThe paper introduces the “future state” concept, which articulates what a knowledgeable observer would write if asked to describe the successful company and its new competencies at the end of the strategy time horizon. The paper describes the process for designing the migration path, the roadmap for getting to the “future state” from the present.
What new general managers must learn and forget in order to succeed
Authors: Bottger Preston C. , Barsoux Jean‐Louis 
Published: November 2009

PurposeThis paper aims to highlight the surprises awaiting executives making the transition from functional to general management responsibilities – and offer a guidance system to help general managers (GMs) focus their efforts.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based on extensive discussions with and informal surveys of executives.FindingsGeneral management responsibilities differ greatly from functional responsibilities, both in degree and in kind. The gap is larger than most executives anticipate. The big surprises are not always those that they expected. The way companies prepare executives for general management can generate problems of its own.Practical implicationsGMs need a guidance system for diagnosing where to spend their time and a system for exerting influence – and the paper provides a template.Originality/valueThe paper identifies the ways in which the move into general management presents a massive increase in the complexity of responsibilities for executives and why it is so challenging for many. The framework helps GMs anticipate and master the challenge of general management – and helps them prepare and develop their own subordinates for a similar move.
A guide to choosing genuine opportunities for turnarounds
Authors: Shaughnessy Robert M. , Rudie Harrigan Kathryn 
Published: November 2009

PurposeFor corporations seeking to boost market share or gain valuable assets, compelling turnaround opportunities seem to abound. In this paper the authors, who are veteran turnaround analysts, aim to share their experiences.Design/methodology/approachWith so many distressed companies in need of turnaround talent and money, the paper presents lessons learned over the years by veteran specialists, which investors would be well advised to reflect on the before they leap into a thorny acquisition.FindingsWithin the middle group of stumbling companies are some genuine turnaround opportunities, despite the fact that they have been beaten down by the market and have performance problems that do not have obvious solutions.Practical implicationsDistressed companies fall into three categories: hopeless situations that no amount of time, money or effort can save; obvious winners that will revive as the current credit freeze thaws; and problematical situations that require a careful due diligence process to sort the lackluster survivors from those businesses that will best respond to skilled turnaround management. Only the last category offers compelling high returns that justify the resources committed.Originality/valueThe paper warns not to be seduced into trying to save a company that will limp along for years on life support systems or provide only negligible returns. Also to be brutally realistic about what the future could look like for a struggling firm and only put energy into potential winners and not into lackluster survivors.
B2B green marketing and innovation theory for competitive advantage
Authors: Vaccaro Valerie L. 
Published: November 2009

PurposeIn these economically and ecologically challenging times, the purpose of this paper is to investigate how innovation theory can be used to design more effective, proactive B2B green marketing strategies in order to meet the triple bottom line of economic, social, and ecological sustainability.Design/methodology/approachThis conceptual paper provides a literature review of green marketing strategies and competitive advantage, and relates it to diffusion of innovation theory in a new way. First, a brief overview is described of corporate social responsibility (CSR) theories related to green marketing, with this paper providing value by adding innovation theory to address the gap in the literature. Next, a discussion is provided on reactive and proactive B2B green marketing strategies, degrees of innovation, and diffusion theory research, and propositions are developed. Then, a new model is presented on B2B green marketing innovation strategies and competitive advantage. Next, a conceptual analysis is presented using a diffusion of innovation characteristics framework to show relationships of the innovation characteristics with proactive B2B green marketing strategies and competitive advantage.FindingsFive propositions are developed to reflect the relationship of B2B green marketing strategies with types of innovations and competitive advantage. In addition, a conceptual analysis found seven areas of B2B proactive green marketing strategies related to the diffusion of innovation characteristics. Findings also showed diffusion characteristics are associated with 11 key benefits of sustainable B2B green marketing competitive advantage.Research limitations/implicationsLimitations and managerial implications are discussed. Also, this paper suggests recommendations related to diffusion of innovation characteristics in future research.Practical implicationsThis paper provides a diffusion of innovation characteristics framework to test the effectiveness of B2B green marketing strategies and to help generate competitive advantages in an ecologically‐sustainable way. Managerial implications are discussed on how organisations can achieve successful competitive advantage while contributing to environmental sustainability for the common good of society.Originality/valueThis study addresses a gap in the literature on environmental/green marketing by being the first study to expand the CSR category of instrumental theories to include diffusion of innovation theory. Diffusion of innovation theory is applicable to green marketing because it includes new innovations (products, services, processes, etc.). An application of diffusion of innovation characteristics and their relationship to proactive B2B green marketing strategies can help shed light on how to increase the rate of adoption for green products, services, and processes to create a competitive advantage, and at the same time, help move the world toward greater ecological sustainability.
Green brand extension strategy and online communities
Authors: Chatterjee Patrali 
Published: November 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine current and prospective consumer perceptions, purchase intent and parent brand evaluation due to green brand – line and category extensions by marketers of established (non‐green) brands for products with high vs low perceived environmental impact.Design/methodology/approachThe paper analyses responses to online surveys by 602 pet‐owners at social networking websites. The quasi‐experiment considered perceived environmental impact of core product, parent‐brand user status, and green extension strategy (line vs category). Brand extension evaluation, purchase intent, and parent brand evaluation were then measured.FindingsResults suggest that consumers are more likely to purchase green extensions of products with high perceived environmental impact and that current consumers prefer green line extensions to green category extensions. Both have similar reciprocal impact on parent brand evaluation among current consumers.Research limitations/implicationsThe data have external validity but lack the control possible in laboratory experiments. Future research should replicate the study in other product categories.Practical implicationsManagers of established brands should consider brand extensions of products associated with high environmental impact only.Originality/valueThis paper examines managerial implications of line vs category extension strategies for green brand extensions of established brands.