bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surface hardness and wear resistance of prefabricated and CAD‐CAM milled artificial teeth: A cross‐over clinical study
Authors: Ali Sarah Abdelaal , Abozaed Heba Wageh , Jazar Husn A. , Mostafa Aisha Z. H. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPurposeTo clinically evaluate the surface roughness and wear resistance of prefabricated and CAD‐CAM milled acrylic resin teeth for complete dentures.Materials and methodsIn a cross‐over study design, 10 completely edentulous patients were randomly included in this study and given two complete dentures. The first complete denture was made using prefabricated teeth, while the second was constructed using CAD‐CAM milled teeth. Following insertion (T0), 3 months (T3), and 6 months (T6), the complete dentures were scanned. Utilizing 3D surface super‐imposition techniques, the vertical (2D wear), and volumetric (3D wear) material loss were measured. The hardness of the teeth was evaluated at the time of denture insertion (T0) and then after 6 months (T6) of denture insertion by digital Vickers hardness tester. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software. Paired groups were compared by paired t‐test. Also, a repeated measure test was used. The significant difference was considered if p ≤ 0.05.ResultsThe time of denture function was linearly correlated with the wear of the prefabricated and CAD‐CAM milled denture tooth. Prefabricated acrylic teeth had significantly more vertical and volumetric wear after 3 and 6 months, compared to CAD‐CAM milled denture teeth where p‐values were 0.01, 0.009, 0.003, and 0.024, respectively. Additionally, CAD‐CAM milled teeth displayed significantly higher hardness values than prefabricated teeth both before and after 6 months of use where p‐values were 0.001. After 6 months, all studied teeth showed a decrease in their hardness.ConclusionsIn terms of wear resistance and surface hardness, CAD‐CAM milled acrylic resin teeth were superior to prefabricated acrylic resin artificial teeth once the complete denture functions.
Does inequality impede risk management? Evidence from a lab experiment in Ghana
Authors: Gallenstein Richard A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLow income households in agrarian developing economies face considerable livelihood risks, which have negative impacts on welfare. A growing literature focuses on internal constraints on development, which can negatively affect saving and investment behavior. Here I propose that internal constraints may also hinder risk management. Specifically, I present a theoretical model that explores how fairness preferences may create an internal constraint on risk sharing, particularly in a context of wealth inequality, and thereby also affect demand for formal insurance. To test this theory, I utilize a lab experiment, conducted in Ghana, to investigate the impact of wealth inequality on utilization of risk‐management tools, interpersonal risk sharing and formal insurance, and explore how fairness preferences may mediate this effect. I find that inequality reduces risk sharing and increases demand for insurance. Moreover, I find suggestive evidence that fairness preferences create an internal constraint on risk sharing under inequality.
RETRACTED: The effect of thermostable and enteric‐coated multi‐protease on the performance and digestibility of laying hen fed low‐protein diets
Authors: Tajudeen Habeeb , Hosseindoust Abdolreza , Ha Sanghun , Mun Junyoung , Park Serin , Kim Kwangmun , Rodríguez Raquel , Kim Jinsoo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study evaluated the efficacy of a multi‐protease on the performance, egg quality and digestibility of laying hen. The study had four treatments: Control (without multi‐protease, CON), Pro 1.2 (CON + 0.1% multi‐protease), Pro 2.4 (CON + 0.2% multi‐protease) and Pro 3.6 (CON + 0.3% multi‐protease). Each treatment was replicated six times (replicate = experimental unit = one pen with 15 hens) to give a total of 360 layer hens of the Hy‐line breed. The study lasted for a total of 3 months (14 day adaptation period + 84 days experimental period). The effects of the additive were assessed on: the performance variables, egg quality and ileal amino acid (AA) digestibility. At the end of the study, dietary supplementation with Pro 2.4 and Pro 3.6 improved (p < 0.05) hen‐day egg production, egg mass and eggshell thickness compared with CON at the peak phase. Further improvements (p < 0.05) were observed in the digestibility of crude protein and AAs such as isoleucine, lysine, threonine and cysteine at Pro 2.4 and Pro 3.6 protease supplementation levels compared with CON, while arginine and alanine were higher (p < 0.05) at Pro 3.6 compared with CON. No differences were reported for other performances such as body weight, average daily feed intake, average egg weight, feed conversion ratio, eggshell hardness and all the egg qualities measured. Overall, the results from this study showed better efficacy at Pro 2.4 and Pro 3.6 on the performance of laying hen during the peak phase.
The light and the dark side of judicial resistance
Authors: Šipulová Katarína 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHow can courts resist political attacks? Despite the rich empirical studies of attacks on courts, we lack better understanding of how judges react to these challenges. Little or no attention has been paid to the theoretical aspects of judicial resistance; the structural, personal or socio‐economical motives of judges, or the dynamics between the resistance, democratic resilience and the rule of law. This article draws a novel concept map and suggests that the future scholarship should focus on three dimensions of judicial resistance. The first captures the variety of techniques available to judges who wish to avert, punish or invalidate an attack, whether they act individually or collectively and on‐bench or off‐bench. The second dimension zooms in on the motives for resistance, including the ability of judges to recognize an attack and see it as critical. It outlines factors that potentially form the cost‐benefit analysis behind judges' decisions to resist. Finally, the third dimension prompts to look into the effects of resistance (the dark and the light side), it analyses the conformity of judicial resistance with or against the principle of the rule of law and suggest its repercussions on how the public trusts and understands the courts (long‐term perspective).
Unusual formations in the B. R. Chinchorro Bank: Miniature atolls
Authors: Torruco Daniel , González‐Solís Alicia 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThere are unique reef patches in the Biosphere Reserve Banco Chinchorro reef lagoon that have an unusual formation. They appear to be miniature atolls. These formations are at a depth of 2–6 m, and present flourishing coral growth, whereas a few meters away others are strongly decayed. To define the cause of this phenomenon, an analysis of three of these formations was carried out to try to relate the structure of the corals that make up these formations to environmental factors. We recorded in tidal cycles, 12 environmental parameters, and micronutrients. Despite their closeness, two patches show high biodiversity, whereas the third shows low diversity. These results show notable differences between the three patches resulting from position on the reef (leeward and windward), in addition, these patterns relate to the undercurrent of possible relict water that drains from the lagoon microsystem of the main island of the reef, Cayo Centro, toward the miniature atolls.
Differences in bulk Fe content and density between type I and type II ordinary chondrite chondrules: Implications for parent body heterogeneities in oxidation state and O‐isotopic composition
Authors: Rubin Alan E. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractType II chondrules have higher oxidation states than type I chondrules; in ordinary chondrites (OC), type II chondrules tend to be larger, richer in bulk Fe, and have higher densities than type I chondrules. Magnesian type IA chondrules tend to be richer in 16O than type II chondrules. Because the aerodynamic behavior of a particle is a function of the product of its size and density, type I and type II chondrules (or their precursors) were partly separated in the ordinary chondrite zone of the solar nebula prior to the accretion of OC parent asteroids. LL chondrites acquired a chondrule population with the highest type II/type I ratios, L chondrites acquired chondrules with an intermediate ratio, and H chondrites acquired chondrules with the lowest type II/type I ratios. This contributed to the observed differences among OC groups in oxidation state and O‐isotopic composition: in going from H to L to LL, mean oxidation state increases and mean Δ17O values increase. Higher oxidation is marked by increases in the FeO contents of olivine, low‐Ca pyroxene, chromite, and ilmenite; increases in the TiO2 content of chromite; and increases in the Co content of kamacite.
Early feeding practices and eating behaviour in preschool children: The CORALS cohort
Authors: Ortega‐Ramírez Ana Daniela , Maneschy Ivie Reis , Miguel‐Berges María L. , Pastor‐Villaescusa Belen , Leis Rosaura , Babio Nancy , Navas‐Carretero Santiago , Portoles Olga , Moreira Ana , Jurado‐Castro José Manuel , Flores‐Rojas Katherine , Vázquez‐Cobela Rocío , Picáns‐Leis Rosaura , Mimbreros Gisela , Flores‐Barrantes Paloma , Martínez José Alfredo , Castro‐Collado Cristina , Ferré‐Pallás Natalia , Gimenez‐Legarre Natalia , Gil‐Campos Mercedes , Salas‐Salvadó Jordi , de Miguel‐Etayo Pilar , Moreno Aznar Luis A. ,   The Childhood Obesity Risk Assessment Longitudinal Study (CORALS)
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate if the duration of breastfeeding and the method at initiation of complementary feeding affect eating behaviour in children aged 3−6 years. This is a cross‐sectional analysis from the Childhood Obesity Risk Assessment Longitudinal Study project, an ongoing longitudinal cohort study that aims to identify childhood obesity risk factors in Spanish children. A total of 1215 children aged 3−6 years were included. Breastfeeding duration and the method of initiation of complementary feeding [baby‐led weaning (BLW), traditional/spoon or mixed method] were evaluated. Eating behaviour at 3−6 years was assessed with the Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire. Generalized linear models were fitted to assess the association between the aforementioned exposures and eating behaviour.Children breastfed for ≥4 months were less likely to be fussy eaters at 3−6 years compared to those breastfed for <1 month (OR: 0.86 95% CI: 0.76−0.98; p = 0.031). Compared to those children using the traditional/spoon‐feeding method, those initiating complementary feeding through BLW or through a mixed approach were more likely to have higher scores on the enjoyment of food (EF) (OR, 95% CI: 1.33, 1.13−1.57; p = 0.001 and 1.17, 1.05−1.30; p = 0.002, respectively) and lower scores on food fussiness (FF) at 3−6 years (0.76, 0.62−0.91; p = 0.004 and 0.87, 0.78−0.98; p = 0.033, respectively). Breastfeeding for ≥4 months and initiation of complementary feeding with the BLW and a mixed approach were associated with greater EF and lower FF, which should endure practice.
Quantum‐enhanced machine learning technique for rapid post‐earthquake assessment of building safety
Authors: Bhatta Sanjeev , Dang Ji 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFast, accurate damage assessment of numerous buildings for large areas is vital for saving lives, enhancing decision‐making, and expediting recovery, thereby increasing urban resilience. The traditional methods, relying on expert mobilization, are slow and unsafe. Recent advances in machine learning (ML) have improved assessments; however, quantum‐enhanced ML (QML), a rapidly advancing field, offers greater advantages over classical ML (CML) for large‐scale data, enhancing the speed and accuracy of damage assessments. This study explores the viability of leveraging QML to evaluate the safety of reinforced concrete buildings after earthquakes, focusing on classification accuracy only. A QML algorithm is trained using simulation datasets and tested on real‐world damaged datasets, with its performance compared to various CML algorithms. The classification results demonstrate the potential of QML to revolutionize seismic damage assessments, offering a promising direction for future research and practical applications.
Seasonal dynamics and punctuated carbon sink reduction suggest photosynthetic capacity of boreal silver birch is reduced by the accumulation of hexose
Authors: Tian Manqing , Salmon Yann , Lintunen Anna , Oren Ram , Hölttä Teemu 
Published: June 2024

Summary

The ‘assimilates inhibition hypothesis’ posits that accumulation of nonstructural carbohydrates (NSCs) in leaves reduces leaf net photosynthetic rate, thus internally regulating photosynthesis. Experimental work provides equivocal support mostly under controlled conditions without identifying a particular NSC as involved in the regulation.

We combined 3‐yr in situ leaf gas exchange observations (natural dynamics) in the upper crown of mature Betula pendula simultaneously with measurements of concentrations of sucrose, hexoses (glucose and fructose), and starch, and similar measurements during several one‐day shoot girdling (perturbation dynamics). Leaf water potential and water and nitrogen content were measured to account for their possible contribution to photosynthesis regulation.

Leaf photosynthetic capacity (A/Ci) was temporally negatively correlated with NSC accumulation under both natural and perturbation states. For developed leaves, leaf hexose concentration explained A/Ci variation better than environmental variables (temperature history and daylength); the opposite was observed for developing leaves.

The weaker correlations between NSCs and A/Ci in developing leaves may reflect their strong internal sink strength for carbohydrates. By contrast, the strong decline in photosynthetic capacity with NSCs accumulation in mature leaves, observed most clearly with hexose, and even more tightly with its constituents, provides support for the role of assimilates in regulating photosynthesis under natural conditions.
Mycorrhizal associations modify tree diversity−productivity relationships across experimental tree plantations
Authors: Luo Shan , Schmid Bernhard , Hector Andy , Scherer‐Lorenzen Michael , Verheyen Kris , Barsoum Nadia , Bauhus Juergen , Beyer Friderike , Bruelheide Helge , Ferlian Olga , Godbold Douglas , Hall Jefferson S. , Hajek Peter , Huang Yuanyuan , Hölscher Dirk , Kreft Holger , Liu Xiaojuan , Messier Christian , Nock Charles , Paquette Alain , Parker John D. , Parker William C. , Paterno Gustavo B. , Reich Peter B. , Rewald Boris , Sandén Hans , Sinacore Katherine , Stefanski Artur , Williams Laura , Eisenhauer Nico 
Published: June 2024

Summary

Decades of studies have demonstrated links between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, yet the generality of the relationships and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear, especially for forest ecosystems.

Using 11 tree‐diversity experiments, we tested tree species richness–community productivity relationships and the role of arbuscular (AM) or ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungal‐associated tree species in these relationships.

Tree species richness had a positive effect on community productivity across experiments, modified by the diversity of tree mycorrhizal associations. In communities with both AM and ECM trees, species richness showed positive effects on community productivity, which could have resulted from complementarity between AM and ECM trees. Moreover, both AM and ECM trees were more productive in mixed communities with both AM and ECM trees than in communities assembled by their own mycorrhizal type of trees. In communities containing only ECM trees, species richness had a significant positive effect on productivity, whereas species richness did not show any significant effects on productivity in communities containing only AM trees.

Our study provides novel explanations for variations in diversity–productivity relationships by suggesting that tree–mycorrhiza interactions can shape productivity in mixed‐species forest ecosystems.
Assembling packs: Outreach nurses, disaffiliated persons, and sorcerers
Authors: Johansson Jim A. , Turcotte Pier‐Luc , Holmes Dave 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNurses working in outreach capacities frequently encounter disaffiliated or ‘hard to reach’ populations, such as those experiencing homelessness, those who use substances, and those with mental health concerns. Despite best efforts, nurses regularly fail to find meaningful engagement with these populations. Mobilizing the work of Deleuze and Guattari, this paper will critically examine conventional outreach nursing practices as rooted in the royal science of psychiatry, which many ‘survivors’ of psychiatric interventions reject. The field of Mad Studies offers an understanding of patient resistance to outreach nursing interventions. Delueze and Guattari's concepts of packs and sorcerers provide a framework to envision alternative nursing practices as a form of resistance and creativity, where new alliances may be formed outside the coercive confines of traditional practices. In response to patient resistance, outreach nurses themselves must assemble packs and engage in acts of sorcery.
Pain, symptoms and therapy satisfaction in adult oncologic patients at admission to palliative care: An Italian prospective, multicenter, observational study
Authors: Carbonara L. , Casale G. , Bosetti C. , Uggeri S. , Armento G. , Blasi M. , De Marinis M. G. , Corli O. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundPain in cancer patients is a complex clinical problem. Pain is systematically assessed and treated during palliative care, but little is known about how it is addressed before starting palliative care.AimThis study primarily analyzed pain, symptoms, ongoing therapy at patients' admittance to the palliative care unit, and the relationships between pain and tumor, comorbidities, performance status and quality of life (QoL). Notably, patient satisfaction with the received antalgic therapy was assessed.MethodsA multicentric, prospective, observational study was conducted in seven Italian palliative centers. The population consisted of adult cancer patients admitted to specialist palliative care units in hospice and home care.ResultsThe sample consisted of 476 patients. Ninety‐three patients reported moderate pain of 4.0 and worst pain of 5.9 at the initial medical examination. The pain was high, and QoL was lower in breakthrough pain. The pain was lower in older subjects when it was discontinuous and when it was also treated with corticosteroids. A total of 61% of the patients were unsatisfied with the prescribed pain therapy.ConclusionsBefore the beginning of palliative care, physicians do not manage pain adequately. We support the idea that palliative care is not only intended for the last days of life but must be started early and simultaneously with oncological treatments. All that, in our opinion, is often ignored, and we hope that our study could have a positive influence and that the study results stimulate further research in this area with in‐depth studies.
MaHsf24, a novel negative modulator, regulates cold tolerance in banana fruits by repressing the expression of HSPs and antioxidant enzyme genes
Authors: Si Jia , Fan Zhong‐qi , Wu Chao‐jie , Yang Ying‐ying , Shan Wei , Kuang Jian‐fei , Lu Wang‐jin , Wei Wei , Chen Jian‐ye 
Published: June 2024

SummaryTranscriptional regulation mechanisms underlying chilling injury (CI) development have been widely investigated in model plants and cold‐sensitive fruits, such as banana (Musa acuminata). However, unlike the well‐known NAC and WRKY transcription factors (TFs), the function and deciphering mechanism of heat shock factors (HSFs) involving in cold response are still fragmented. Here, we showed that hot water treatment (HWT) alleviated CI in harvested banana fruits accomplishing with reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and increased antioxidant enzyme activities. A cold‐inducible but HWT‐inhibited HSF, MaHsf24, was identified. Using DNA affinity purification sequencing (DAP‐seq) combined with RNA‐seq analyses, we found three heat shock protein (HSP) genes (MaHSP23.6, MaHSP70‐1.1 and MaHSP70‐1.2) and three antioxidant enzyme genes (MaAPX1, MaMDAR4 and MaGSTZ1) were the potential targets of MaHsf24. Subsequent electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with quantitative PCR (ChIP‐qPCR) and dual‐luciferase reporter (DLR) analyses demonstrated that MaHsf24 repressed the transcription of these six targets via directly binding to their promoters. Moreover, stably overexpressing MaHsf24 in tomatoes increased cold sensitivity by suppressing the expressions of HSPs and antioxidant enzyme genes, while HWT could recover cold tolerance, maintaining higher levels of HSPs and antioxidant enzyme genes, and activities of antioxidant enzymes. In contrast, transiently silencing MaHsf24 by virus‐induced gene silencing (VIGS) in banana peels conferred cold resistance with the upregulation of MaHSPs and antioxidant enzyme genes. Collectively, our findings support the negative role of MaHsf24 in cold tolerance, and unravel a novel regulatory network controlling bananas CI occurrence, concerning MaHsf24‐exerted inhibition of MaHSPs and antioxidant enzyme genes.
‘A better sort of reader’: Wittgenstein on literary reading
Authors: Rozema David 
Published: June 2024

AbstractF. R. Leavis, the leading literary critic at Cambridge from 1930 to 1960, recounts the time when his friend Ludwig Wittgenstein told him to ‘give up literary criticism!’ The remark came as a surprise to Leavis, and it remains somewhat puzzling to anyone who reads of the encounter, for there are few contextual clues as to why Wittgenstein would say such a thing. But there are clues in Wittgenstein's many remarks on literature, music and other art forms scattered throughout his writings. In this paper, I will present what I think Wittgenstein's concern was with the sort of literary criticism Leavis practised, contrasting it with the sort of reading, and the sort of reader, that Wittgenstein (and others) would consider a literary way of reading; the sort of reader he thought was ‘a better sort of reader’.
Exploring predictors of help‐seeking behaviors among women with postpartum depression: A social media recruited sample
Authors: Jones Aubrey , Duong Chinh C. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundPostpartum depression is among the most common complications associated with child‐bearing having a period prevalence rate of 17%. Despite the prevalence of postpartum depression, recognition and treatment remains low.MethodsThis paper examines the predictors of help‐seeking behavior among a sample (N = 326) of postpartum women. A cross‐sectional survey was deployed, and participants were recruited via social media through snowball and convenient sampling techniques.ResultsBinary logistic regression was used to analyze the data. Results indicate the severity of depression and favorable attitudes toward help‐seeking were predictors of help‐seeking behavior among postpartum women in this sample.Discussion/conclusionThis study has implications for healthcare workers, including the allied health professions. Access to treatment is, in part, influenced by a woman's ability to ask for help from health professionals. Social workers and nurses have an opportunity to educate and discuss postpartum mental health and improve treatment seeking.