bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, in vitro Cytotoxicity, and Interaction with DNA of Platinum(II) Complexes with N‐Monocycloalkyl Derivatives of 1R,2R‐Diaminocyclohexane as Carrier Ligands
Authors: Sun Yanyan , Gou Shaohua , Liu Fei , Yin Runting , Fang Lei 
Published: January 2012

AbstractA series of platinum(II) complexes with N‐monocyclopentyl/cyclohexyl derivatives of 1R,2R‐diaminocyclohexane as carrier ligands and dicarboxylate anions as leaving groups were synthesized and characterized. All complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectroscopy, as well as ESIMS. The in vitro antiproliferative activities were tested by MTT assay against four human cancer cell lines; breast carcinoma (MCF‐7) and colon cancer (HCT‐116) cells were particularly sensitive, especially to complexes 1 f (IC50=9.81 and 1.49 μM) and 2 f (IC50=4.59 and 0.36 μM). Flow cytometry indicated that representative compounds exert cytotoxicity toward MCF‐7 and HCT‐116 cells through induction of apoptosis and blockage of cell‐cycle progression in the S phase, similar to cisplatin. The interaction between the platinum(II) complexes and pET22b plasmid DNA was observed by agarose gel electrophoresis, revealing that complex 2 f has the capacity to distort plasmid DNA in a manner distinct from that of oxaliplatin.
Prognosis for primary retroperitoneal sarcoma survivors
Authors: Abbott Andrea M. , Habermann Elizabeth B. , Parsons Helen M. , Tuttle Todd , Al‐Refaie Waddah 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND:The AJCC staging system and post‐operative nomograms use patient and tumor characteristics to provide prognostic estimates after resection of retroperitoneal sarcoma (RPS). While these variables help to predict survival at the time of diagnosis and resection, the applicability of these prognostic factors to survivors of RPS remains unknown. We hypothesized that the variables evaluated in the current staging system and post‐operative nomograms would have limited ability to predict conditional survival in patients surgically treated for RPS.METHODS:A retrospective study was conducted using National Cancer Institute‐sponsored tumor registries. We identified 1,199 patients who underwent surgical resection for non‐metastatic RPS from 1988 to 2007. Conditional survival was defined as time‐specific estimates conditioned on living a certain number of years post‐diagnosis. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to assess the impact of various factors on sarcoma‐specific survival (SSS) at baseline and up to 5 years after diagnosis.RESULTS:Older age, male gender, histologic subtype, and high tumor grade predicted worse SSS at the time of diagnosis. After 1 year of survival, older age, male gender, and histologic subtype were no longer significant predictors of conditional survival. Only high grade tumors remained a significant predictor of worse prognosis after 5 years of survival (HR 1.95).CONCLUSIONS:This population‐based study demonstrates that the factors which are predictive of survival at baseline lose significance after one year of survival. Conditional survival estimates allow clinicians to provide survivors with more meaningful prognostic estimates that may impact surveillance schedules and streamline adjuvant therapy decisions and design of future clinical trials. Cancer 2012. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
Single versus multiple primary melanomas
Authors: Hwa Charlotte , Price Leah S. , Belitskaya‐Levy Ilana , Ma Michelle W. , Shapiro Richard L. , Berman Russell S. , Kamino Hideko , Darvishian Farbod , Osman Iman , Stein Jennifer A. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND:In patients with multiple primary melanomas (MPM), mean tumor thickness tends to decrease from the first melanoma to the second melanoma, and prognosis may be improved compared with the prognosis for patients who have a single primary melanoma (SPM). In this study, the authors compared the clinicopathologic features of patients with MPM and SPM to better characterize the differences between these 2 groups and to determine whether or not there is an inherent difference in tumor aggression.METHODS:In total, 788 patients with melanoma who were enrolled prospectively in the Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group database from 2002 to 2008 were studied. Patients with SPM and with MPM were compared with regard to clinical and primary melanoma characteristics.RESULTS:Of 788 patients with melanoma, 61 patients (7.7%) had 2 or more primary melanomas. The incidence of developing a second primary melanoma 1 year and 5 years after initial melanoma diagnosis was 4.1% and 8.7%, respectively, and most of the risk accumulated within the first year. The incidence of MPM was greater in patients aged ≥60 years than in those aged ≤60 years. The absence or presence of mitosis and other tumor characteristics did not differ significantly between patients with SPM and patients with MPM (P = .61).CONCLUSIONS:No difference was observed in the presence or absence of mitoses, a marker of tumor proliferation, in SPM and MPM. Because it has been demonstrated that the presence of mitosis is a powerful prognostic marker, the current findings suggested that the tumors behave similarly in patients with SPM and patients with MPM. The authors concluded that differences in tumor thickness and prognosis between SPM and MPM more likely are caused by factors other than tumor biology, such as increased surveillance. Cancer 2012. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
Amygdala afferents monosynaptically innervate corticospinal neurons in rat medial prefrontal cortex
Authors: Gabbott Paul , Warner Tracy‐Ann , Brown Jacki , Salway Philip , Gabbott Thomas , Busby Sarah 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe amygdala provides the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC; areas 25, 32, and 24b) with salient emotional information. This study investigated the synaptic connectivity of identified amygdalocortical boutons (ACBs; labeled anterogradely following injections ofPhaseolus vulgarisleucoagglutinin into the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala), with the dendritic processes of identified layer 5 corticospinal neurons in the rat mPFC. The corticospinal (CS) neurons in the mPFC had been retrogradely labeled with rhodamine fluorescent latex microspheres and subsequently intracellularly filled with biotinylated lucifer yellow to visualize their basal and apical dendrites. Two main classes of mPFC CS neurons were identified. Type 1 cells had apical dendrites bearing numerous dendritic spines with radiate basal dendritic arbors. Type 2 cells possessed apical dendrites with greatly reduced spine densities and a broad range of basal dendritic tree morphologies. Identified ACBs made asymmetric synaptic junctions with labeled dendritic spines and the labeled apical and basal dendritic shafts of identified CS neurons. On average, eight ACBs were closely associated with the labeled basal dendritic arbors of type 1 CS neurons and five ACBs with type 2 CS basal dendrites. The mean Scholl distance of ACBs from CS somata (for both types 1 and 2 cells) was 66 μm—coinciding with a region containing the highest length density of CS neuron basal dendrites. These results indicate that neurons in the BLA can monosynaptically influence CS neurons in the mPFC that project to autonomic regions of the thoracic spinal cord and probably to other additional subcortical target regions, such as the lateral hypothalamus. J. Comp. Neurol. 520:2440–2458, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals Inc.
High‐Resolution Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRSTEM) Techniques: High‐Resolution Imaging and Spectroscopy Side by Side
Authors: Stroppa Daniel. G. , Zagonel Luiz F. , Montoro Luciano A. , Leite Edson R. , Ramirez Antonio J. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThis work presents an overview of high‐resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy (HRSTEM) techniques and exemplifies the novel quantitative characterization possibilities that have emerged from recent advances in these methods. The synergistic combination of atomic resolution imaging and spectroscopy provided by HRSTEM is highlighted as a unique feature that can provide a comprehensive analytical description of material properties at the nanoscale. State‐of‐the‐art high‐angle annular dark field and annular bright field examples are depicted as well as the use of X‐ray energy‐dispersive spectroscopy and electron energy‐loss spectroscopy for probing samples properties at the atomic scale. In addition, promising techniques such as cathodoluminescence, confocal HRSTEM, and diffraction mapping are introduced. The presented examples and results indicate that HRSTEM‐related techniques are fundamental tools for comprehensive assessment of properties at the atomic scale.
Shared Written Case Formulations and Weight Change in Outpatient Therapy for Anorexia Nervosa: A Naturalistic Single Case Series
Authors: Gladwin Alice M. , Evangeli Michael 
Published: January 2012

The therapeutic effects of written shared case formulations are underexplored and have not been examined in anorexia nervosa. This study explored the relationship between (a) the delivery (b) the quality of a shared written case formulation and weight in outpatient psychological therapy for anorexia nervosa.A naturalistic single case series approach was used to examine the case notes of women who had attended a specialist eating disorders service over a 2‐year period. The case notes of 15 adult women who had undergone outpatient psychological therapy for anorexia nervosa with a shared written case formulation component were reviewed. The impact of the quality of the case formulation on weekly weight was examined for 14 of the clients where the case formulation was available. The nature of the relationship between the delivery of the written shared case formulation and weight was examined for all 15 clients.There was some evidence to support an association between delivery of the shared written case formulation and weight changes (both weight gain [five out of 15 clients] and weight loss [three out of 15 clients]) in individual cases. Higher case formulation quality was related to cases where weight change did not occur.The delivery of case formulations can be associated with important therapeutic change (both beneficial and potentially harmful) in anorexia nervosa. Future research into the causal mechanisms associated with sharing formulations will face the challenge of adopting strategies that allow for an in‐depth exploration of complex therapy variables whilst overcoming methodological challenges. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner MessageWritten case formulations are a key component of many psychological therapies.Sharing case formulations is hypothesized to have a number of therapeutic benefits.This study showed that sharing a written case formulation can be associated with both therapeutic benefits and harm.Higher quality case formulations in this study were related to cases where weight change did not occur.Future research should examine both therapist and client factors that may clarify causal mechanisms related to the delivery of case formulations.
TEG‐1 CD2BP2 regulates stem cell proliferation and sex determination in the C. elegans germ line and physically interacts with the UAF‐1 U2AF65 splicing factor
Authors: Wang Chris , Wilson‐Berry Laura , Schedl Tim , Hansen Dave 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBackground: For a stem cell population to exist over an extended period, a balance must be maintained between self‐renewing (proliferating) and differentiating daughter cells. Within the Caenorhabditis elegans germ line, this balance is controlled by a genetic regulatory pathway, which includes the canonical Notch signaling pathway. Results: Genetic screens identified the gene teg‐1 as being involved in regulating the proliferation versus differentiation decision in the C. elegans germ line. Cloning of TEG‐1 revealed that it is a homolog of mammalian CD2BP2, which has been implicated in a number of cellular processes, including in U4/U6.U5 tri‐snRNP formation in the pre‐mRNA splicing reaction. The position of teg‐1 in the genetic pathway regulating the proliferation versus differentiation decision, its single mutant phenotype, and its enrichment in nuclei, all suggest TEG‐1 also functions as a splicing factor. TEG‐1, as well as its human homolog, CD2BP2, directly bind to UAF‐1 U2AF65, a component of the U2 auxiliary factor. Conclusions: TEG‐1 functions as a splicing factor and acts to regulate the proliferation versus meiosis decision. The interaction of TEG‐1 CD2BP2 with UAF‐1 U2AF65, combined with its previously described function in U4/U6.U5 tri‐snRNP, suggests that TEG‐1 CD2BP2 functions in two distinct locations in the splicing cascade. Developmental Dynamics 241:505–521, 2012.© 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Astacin‐like metallo‐endopeptidase is dynamically expressed in embryonic stem cells and embryonic epithelium during morphogenesis
Authors: Acloque Hervé , Lavial Fabrice , Pain Bertrand 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBackground: Astacin‐like metallo‐proteases are zinc endopeptidases conserved among vertebrates and invertebrates. First described as hatching gland enzymes, many members of the family possess other functions during embryonic development. In the chick, however, functions of Astacin‐like proteins remain elusive. Results: We report here that Astacin‐like (ASTL) is strongly expressed in mouse and chicken embryonic stem (ES) cells and exhibits a very dynamic expression pattern during embryogenesis and organogenesis, mostly in remodeled epithelia. Consistent with its expression in ES cells, chick ASTL is detected in vivo in the pluripotent cells of the epiblast and then disappears from the newly induced neural plate. ASTL expression remains at the junction of non‐neural and neural ectoderm, just before neural tube closure. At later stages, chick ASTL is detected in the ventral epidermis before ventral closure, in the intermediate mesoderm, in the gonads and in the forming nephric duct and tubules of the mesonephros and metanephros. Conclusions: ASTL is dynamically expressed in the embryonic epithelium and in embryonic stem cells, suggesting an important function for the control of epithelial cell behavior during early development. Developmental Dynamics 241:574–582, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Drosophila lilliputian is required for proneural gene expression in retinal development
Authors: Distefano Ginnene M. , Gangemi Andrew J. , Khandelwal Preeti J. , Saunders Aleister J. , Marenda Daniel R. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBackground: Proper neurogenesis in the developing Drosophila retina requires the regulated expression of the basic helix‐loop‐helix (bHLH) proneural transcription factors Atonal (Ato) and Daughterless (Da). Factors that control the timing and spatial expression of these bHLH proneural genes in the retina are required for the proper formation and function of the adult eye and nervous system. Results: Here we report that lilliputian (lilli), the Drosophila homolog of the FMR2/AF4 family of proteins, regulates the transcription of ato and da in the developing fly retina. We find that lilli controls ato expression at multiple enhancer elements. We also find that lilli contributes to ato auto‐regulation in the morphogenetic furrow by first regulating the expression of da prior to ato. We show that FMR2 regulates the ato and da homologs MATH5 and TCF12 in human cells, suggesting a conservation of this regulation from flies to humans. Conclusions: We conclude that lilliputian is part of the genetic program that regulates the expression of proneural genes in the developing retina. Developmental Dynamics 241:553–562, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Development of Iron(II) Complexes as ParaCEST MRI Contrast Agents
Authors: Dorazio Sarina J. , Morrow Janet R. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a powerful imaging modality for visualizing anatomical soft tissue using nonionizing radiation. Compared with other molecular imaging methods such as optical, nuclear, and ultrasound, sensitivity is limited but can be improved through development of chemical agents which enhance MRI contrast. MRI Contrast agents that function through paramagnetic chemical exchange saturation transfer (paraCEST) are currently being investigated as an alternative to T1 and T2 contrast agents. These agents may be designed as imaging probes which are intrinsically responsive to pH and temperature. Trivalentlanthanide complexes have dominated the relatively young field of paraCEST for just over a decade. Recently, high spin FeII complexes containing labile amide and amino protons which chemically exchange with bulk water have emerged as viable additions to the repertoire of paraCEST agents. This microreview will provide an overview of some considerations when designing paraCEST contrast agents which incorporate high spin FeII as the paramagnetic metal center. Important factors such as paramagnetic relaxation and hyperfine shifts, spin state, coordination, oxidation state, and stability will be discussed in regard to transition metal ion paraCEST contrast agent design.
Silver Melonates and Coordination Modes of the Multidentate [C6N7(NCN)3]3– Anion
Authors: Clauss Corinna , Böhme Uwe , Schwarzer Anke , Kroke Edwin 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThree different silver melonates, Ag3[C6N7(NCN)3]·H2O (2a), Ag3[C6N7(NCN)3]·0.5NH3 (2b) and Ag3[C6N7(NCN)3]·2C2H8N2 (2c), and a nickel melonate, Ni3[C6N7(NCN)3]2·10NH3·6H2O (3), have been synthesised by the reaction of potassium melonate with silver nitrate either in an aqueous solution (2a), aqueous ammonia solution (2b) or an aqueous solution of ethylenediamine (2c) and with nickel nitrate in an aqueous ammonia solution (3). The crystal structure of 2c was determined by XRD [triclinic, P$\bar {1}$, a = 7.5499(4), b = 11.3438(6), c = 12.5741(7) Å, α = 72.138(4), β = 80.148(4), γ = 75.945(4)°, V = 984.90(9) Å3]. Silver atoms are coordinated to the terminal nitrogen atom of the cyanamide substituent as well as directly to the N atoms of the s‐heptazine core. Complex 2c crystallises in a layered structure. Adjacent Ag–melonate cation–anion units are connected by Ag–Ag interactions. The preferred coordination mode of metal ions at the melonate anion has been considered by quantum chemical calculations. Natural atomic charges calculated for the four nonequivalent, nucleophilic N atoms of the [C6N7(NCN)3]3– anion are (a) –0.596, (b) –0.619, (c) –0.675 and (d) –0.644. The metal coordination found experimentally in the melonates correlates with these relatively small charge differences and with the hard‐soft acid–base concept. However, (mono)protonation of the [C6N7(NCN)3]3– anion exclusively occurs at the terminal N atoms (b) of the s‐heptazine core, which is indicated experimentally and theoretically. Silver melonates 2a, 2b and 2c and nickel melonate 3 were further characterised by FTIR and 13C solid‐state magic‐angle spinning NMR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric/differential thermal analysis and elemental analysis. Solvent‐free complexes 2a and 2b, i.e. Ag3[C6N7(NCN)3], are thermally stable up to 500 °C. In contrast, 2c and 3 are thermally less stable.
P–C Cross‐Coupling Onto Enamides: Versatile Synthesis of α‐Enamido Phosphane Derivatives
Authors: Cieslikiewicz Monika , Bouet Alexis , Jugé Sylvain , Toffano Martial , Bayardon Jérôme , West Caroline , Lewinski Krzystof , Gillaizeau Isabelle 
Published: January 2012

AbstractWe report herein the Pd‐catalyzed P–C cross‐coupling reaction between enol phosphates and secondary phosphane–borane complexes or phosphane oxides. The reaction was performed under mild conditions, owing to Pd activation of the P–H bonds of the phosphane–boranes (or phosphane oxides) and to the powerful enol phosphate coupling reagents. New useful chiral and achiral α‐β‐alkenylphosphane derivatives bearing an amido group in the α‐position to the P center were obtained in yields up to 70 %.
Biosynthesis and Total Synthesis Studies on the Jadomycin Family of Natural Products
Authors: Sharif Ehesan U. , O'Doherty George A. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractJadomycins are unique angucycline polyketides produced by Streptomyces venezuelae soil bacteria under specific nutrient and environmental conditions. Their unique structural complexity and biological activities have engendered extensive study of the jadomycin class of natural compounds in terms of biological activity, biosynthesis, and synthesis. This review outlines recent developments in the study of the synthesis and biosynthesis of jadomycins.
Preferential Crystallization of a Helicene–Viologen Hybrid – An Efficient Method to Resolve [5]Helquat Enantiomers on a 20 g Scale (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 3/2012)
Authors: Vávra Jan , Severa Lukáš , Švec Pavel , Císařová Ivana , Koval Dušan , Sázelová Petra , Kašička Václav , Teplý Filip 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe cover picture shows two enantiopure 10 g samples of a chiral helicene–viologen hybrid resolved by preferential crystallization. This cyclic process depicted at the center relies on selective crystallization of one enantiomer from a supersaturated solution of an nearly racemic mixture. The study indicates that preferential crystallization is an advantageous but neglected multigram resolution strategy for helical compounds that form conglomerates. Details are discussed in the article by F. Teplý et al. on p. 489 ff. The image was designed by Alena Salamonová, Jan Vávra, and Filip Teplý.magnified image
Hillslope response to tectonic forcing in threshold landscapes
Authors: DiBiase Roman A. , Heimsath Arjun M. , Whipple Kelin X. 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTHillslopes are thought to poorly record tectonic signals in threshold landscapes. Numerous previous studies of steep landscapes suggest that large changes in long‐term erosion rate lead to little change in mean hillslope angle, measured at coarse resolution. New LiDAR‐derived topography data enables a finer examination of threshold hillslopes. Here we quantify hillslope response to tectonic forcing in a threshold landscape. To do so, we use an extensive cosmogenic beryllium‐10 (10Be)‐based dataset of catchment‐averaged erosion rates combined with a 500 km2 LiDAR‐derived 1 m digital elevation model to exploit a gradient of tectonic forcing and topographic relief in the San Gabriel Mountains, California. We also calibrate a new method of quantifying rock exposure from LiDAR‐derived slope measurements using high‐resolution panoramic photographs. Two distinct trends in hillslope behavior emerge: below catchment‐mean slopes of 30°, modal slopes increase with mean slopes, slope distribution skewness decreases with increasing mean slope, and bedrock exposure is limited; above mean slopes of 30°, our rock exposure index increases strongly with mean slope, and the prevalence of angle‐of‐repose debris wedges keeps modal slopes near 37°, resulting in a positive relationship between slope distribution skewness and mean slope. We find that both mean slopes and rock exposure increase with erosion rate up to 1 mm/a, in contrast to previous work based on coarser topographic data. We also find that as erosion rates increase, the extent of the fluvial network decreases, while colluvial channels extend downstream, keeping the total drainage density similar across the range. Our results reveal important textural details lost in 10 or 30 m resolution digital elevation models of steep landscapes, and highlight the need for process‐based studies of threshold hillslopes and colluvial channels. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.