bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy in the diagnosis of breast cancer recurrence after mastectomy
Authors: Rissanen T. J. , Apaja-Sarkkinen M. A. , Mäkäräinen H. P. , Heikkinen M. I. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: to define the accuracy and clinical impact of fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) in diagnosing recurrent breast cancer after mastectomy. Material and Methods: the results of ultrasonography (US) and US-guided FNAB of 175 lesions located at the mastectomy site or in the ipsilateral axilla were reviewed. the final diagnosis was recurrent cancer in 77 cases and benign lesion in 98 cases, as verified by histological examination (n=77) or follow-up (n=98). Results: FNAB yielded a representative aspirate in 92.6% of cases. the sensitivity, specificity and overall accuracy of FNAB cytology were 96.1%, 89.8% and 92.6% respectively. US and FNAB cytology were complementary methods in recurrent cancer diagnosis. the cytologic examination increased the specificity of US. the only recurrent tumor which appeared benign both sonographically and cytologically was removed because of a suspicious finding at palpation. FNAB cytologic diagnosis was found to have a clinical impact in 92.2% of the recurrent cases. Conclusion: US-guided FNAB provided an accurate adjunct to clinical examination and mammography for diagnosing and excluding breast cancer recurrence after mastectomy.
Intraductal placement of a kopans spring-hookwire guide to localize nonpalpable breast lesions detected by galactography
Authors: Bolívar A. Vega , Alvaro R. M. Landeras , García E. Ortega 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: to evaluate a new procedure for locating intraductal breast lesions detected by galactography, using the technique of intraductal placement of a Kopans spring-hookwire guide. Material and Methods: A catheter (0.7 mm) with a Kopans hookwire guide inside it was placed in 34 patients in whom an intraductal growth had been detected by galactography. the catheter was introduced through the discharging duct, with one hand holding the catheter and the other hand gently pushing the Kopans guide until it was anchored in the duct. the correct position of the guide was confirmed with new galactograms. Results: A precise excision of the lesion was satisfactorily executed in 29 of 34 patients (85%) who underwent this procedure. in 5 patients the method was unsuccessful because the Kopans guide was dislodged. Conclusion: This method is effective in removing intraductal lesions because it ensures a precise ductal excision and enables the pathologist to find the lesion more easily.
Thin-section oblique CT with 25° cranially tilted images
Authors: Uchisako H. , Matsumoto T. , Kuramitsu T. , Tanaka N. , Miura G. , Nakamura H. , Matsunaga N. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: Thin-section oblique CT with cranially tilted axial scans can provide better visualization of the interlobar fissures than thin-section CT with conventional axial scans. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of oblique CT scans for pulmonary tumors adjacent to the interlobar fissures. Material and Methods: Cranially tilted and conventional axial images were obtained by thin-section CT in 10 patients with solitary pulmonary tumors adjacent to the interlobar fissures. Conventional CT with a 2-mm collimation and thin-section oblique CT with a 25° cranial tilt were obtained. Results: the images obtained by thin-section oblique scanning visualized the relationship between the pulmonary tumor and the interlobar fissures in all 10 patients, whereas in 6 patients the thin-section conventional images did not. the pulmonary tumors in these 6 patients included all 5 that were adjacent to the minor fissures. Conclusion: Thin-section oblique CT may be more useful than thin-section conventional CT in evaluating the relationship between pulmonary tumors and the minor fissures.
Dysprosium-enhanced MR imaging for tumor tissue characterization
Authors: Wang C. , Sundin A. , Ericsson A. , Bach-Gansmo T. , Hemmingsson A. , Ahlström H. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: to evaluate dysprosium-enhanced MR imaging for differentiation between morphologically intact and necrotic tumor tissue in a tumor model. Material and Methods: A human colon carcinoma was transplanted subcutaneously into 9 nude (immunodeprived) rats. MR imaging was performed before and after injection of the dysprosium agent Dy-DTPA-BMA. T1-, T2- and T2*-weighted sequences were acquired. the tumors were dissected, histological sections were prepared, and compared with corresponding MR images. Results: in intact tissue, the MR signal intensity in the T2- and T2*-weighted images decreased after Dy injection and the delineation of the intact regions were sharp and corresponded well to the gross histological sections. Conclusion: Dy-enhanced MR imaging facilitated the differentiation between intact and necrotic tumor tissue.
Ultrasound characteristics of five common soft-tissue tumours in the hand and forearm
Authors: Höglund M. , Muren C. , Engkvist O. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: This retrospective investigation reviewed the ultrasound images of 96 benign soft-tissue tumours of the hand and forearm. the aim of the investigation was to determine whether there was any correlation between the ultrasound picture and the histopathological diagnosis. Material and Methods: Five common types of benign tumour in the hand and forearm were studied: localized villonodular synovites, haemangiomas, lipomas, nerve tumours, and glomus tumours. Only tumours that had been operated on and sent for histopathological examination were investigated. Results and Conclusion: The study found 5 key ultrasound characteristics that were important for differentiating the tumours: existence or not of vessels, existence or not of a capsule, echogenicity, echo structure, and pattern of growth. Taking these traits into consideration should make it easier for the examiner to make the right diagnosis with a reasonable degree of accuracy.
A statistical model for ultrasound diagnosis of soft-tissue tumours in the hand and forearm
Authors: Höglund M. , Muren C. , Brattström G. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: the ultrasound characteristics of 5 common tumours of the hand and forearm were used to build a statistical model that could assess the weight of each trait or combination of traits in the correct diagnosing of the tumours. the model was used for calculating the first and second diagnostic alternatives. Material and Methods: the basic data of the model were the ultrasound findings in previously presented material on the 5 common benign soft-tissue tumours. the material consisted of 96 tumours: 18 villonodular synovites, 26 haemangiomas, 14 lipomas, 27 nerve tumours, and 11 glomus tumours. to build the statistical model, the ultrasound characteristics that were significant at 5% level were calculated. with stepwise logistic regression, 3 of these were selected as explaining variables. the degree of influence of the explaining variable on the response variable was calculated by way of odds quotients. the material was then analysed by means of the Statistical model. the correct diagnosis was calculated as first and second alternatives for each tumour and for the whole material. Results: the diagnostic accuracy for the whole material was 51% in the first choice and 77% in first plus second choices. Conclusion: Ultrasound should be the first imaging modality for soft-tissue tumours of the hand. However, MR should also be performed when diagnosis continues to be obscure and when malignancy is suspected.
Relevancy of radiographic features in elbow fractures
Authors: Zayer M. , Mathiesen T. I. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: to correlate radiographic and clinical findings of elbow fractures. Material and Methods: A retrospective study was made of 110 consecutive adult elbow fractures of various types involving the humerus, the ulna, and the radius. Results: Twenty-seven fractures with radiographically conspicuous distortions healed. of these only 15 had clinical sequelae. Five had clinical sequelae without showing conspicuous radiographic distortions after healing. Conclusion: for radiographic evaluation and classification purposes, it would seem to be important to note the status of the capitellum, the capitellum-trochlear plane, and the combination of a distal humerus and a proximal ulna fracture. the outcome of common olecranon fractures and injuries to the radial head would seem to depend less on a detailed radiographic description.
Gliomatosis cerebri — an appropriate diagnosis?
Authors: Fallentin E. , Skriver E. , Herning M. , Broholm H. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: to evaluate the premises for the diagnosis gliomatosis cerebri in relation to diffuse astrocytomas. Material and Methods: CT, MR images and pathological analyses were used to assess the cases of 4 patients with diffusely infiltrating astrocytic tumours that radiologically, clinically and pathologically resembled gliomatosis cerebri. Results and Conclusion: Some astrocytomas have an immense potential for diffuse infiltration and they would seem to be more frequent than recognized hitherto. the definition of gliomatosis cerebri as a separate entity is questionable, and a diagnosis of diffusely infiltrating astrocytoma is recommended in such cases.
The shortening fraction of myocardial fibers and its layered distribution, as derived from cine-mr imaged left ventriculograms
Authors: Kvam G. , Dahle H. , Nordrehaug J. E. , Randa T. I. , Tillung T. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: to evaluate the mean shortening fraction and its SD through the wall calculated from multiple cine-MR views, as an estimate of left ventricular globar function. Material and Methods: the average myocardial fiber shortening fraction was calculated by means of a simple truncated ellipsoid nested shell model. Left ventricular parameters, acquired by cine-MR imaging, from 20 healthy volunteers served as input. Fiber angles, ventricular torsion and a gradient increase in wall thickening from epicard to endocard were part of the model. Results: the average fiber shortening fraction was 0.203 (0.158–0.246)±0.021 diastolic lengths. It varied only moderately with variations in fiber angle values and not at all when the torsion angles were varied within physiological limits. the average shortening fraction correlates well with the systolic increase in chamber oblonguity (k=0.837), with the ejection fraction (k=0.877), and even better with the calculated wall thickening (k=0.973). the average epicardial shortening fraction 0.169 (0.142–0.202)±0.016 increased gradually through the wall to the endocardial value 0.250 (0.212–0.290)±0.024. the increase in chamber length-width ratio from diastole to systole reduced the SD of the shortening fraction through the wall layers to a minimum. Conclusion: the fiber shortening fraction expresses the layered contraction of the myocardial wall, the wall thickening, and also the endocardial wall motion. the ejection fraction expresses only the latter. the shortening fraction and its SD through the wall may prove a valuable additional tool for estimating ventricular globar function.
CT of experimental hepatoma using the hepatocyte-specific lipid emulsion fp 736-03
Authors: Bergman A. , Sundin A. , Magnusson A. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: the aim of the study was to investigate whether moderately to well differentiated hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) possess the same ability to take up a new lipid emulsion contrast medium, FP 736-03, as do hepatocytes. Material and Methods: A rat model of an experimental HCC was used. CT was performed before and after an i.v. bolus injection of 1.0 ml FP 736-03/kg b.w. Attenuation values of normal liver parenchyma and tumour tissue were measured over time. Results: the contrast medium was taken up by the normal liver parenchyma but not by the tumour tissue for which the attenuation remained virtually constant over the observation period. Conclusion: the study demonstrated that FP 736-03 was not taken up by the HCC, thus producing a high lesion-to-liver contrast.
Visualization of tumor vessels in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Hosoki T. , Mitomo M. , Choi S. , Miyahara N. , Ohtani M. , Morimoto K. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: to assess the visualization of tumor vessels in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by power Doppler sonography. Material and Methods: We examined 40 patients with 47 HCC lesions by means of power Doppler sonography and compared its visualization of tumor vessels with those of color Doppler and angiography. Results: in 38 (81%) of the 47 lesions, power Doppler sonography improved the visualization of tumor vessels compared with color Doppler sonography; in the remaining lesions no significant difference was noted. in lesions located within 7 cm in depth, there was no significant difference between power Doppler sonography and angiography. in 10 (83%) out of 12 small (≤2 cm in diameter) lesions and in 11 (85%) out of 13 hypovascular lesions, power Doppler sonography performed considerably better than angiography. in deeper-seated lesions, however, angiography was significantly superior to power Doppler sonography. Conclusion: Power Doppler sonography is more sensitive in detecting the fine tumor vessels in most HCCs than color Doppler sonography. in addition, power Doppler sonography can replace angiography in evaluating tumor vascularity in HCCs except in lesions that are deep-seated or located near the heart. in these lesions, angiography can complement power Doppler sonography in demonstrating tumor vessels.
Rectal tumours — MR imaging with endorectal and/or phased-array coils, and histopathological staging on giant sections
Authors: Blomqvist L. , Holm T. , Rubio C. , Hindmarsh T. 
Published: January 2010

Objective: to investigate the accuracy of MR imaging in the preoperative staging of patients with clinically resectable rectal tumours. Material and Methods: Forty-eight consecutive patients with rectal tumours were examined, 29 with a pelvic phased-array coil and 19 with a multi-coil arrangement including a pelvic phased-array coil and an endorectal coil. MR images and histopatho-logical specimens and sections were reviewed independently and tumours were staged according to the TNM classification. Results: A more complete visualisation of the various layers of the rectal wall was achieved on the endorectal MR images than on the pelvic phased-array images. the sensitivity of MR in correctly staging T3 tumours compared with histopathology was 81% with a specificity of 82%. Penetration of the rectal wall was predicted with a sensitivity of 82% and a specificity of 87%. Sensitivity and specificity in predicting lymph node metastases was 83% and 74% respectively. Conclusion: MR imaging with both pelvic phased-array and endorectal coils allowed the preoperative staging of rectal tumours with a high degree of accuracy.
Adding a visual linear scale probability to the pioped probability of pulmonary embolism
Authors: Christiansen F. , Nilsson T. , Måre K. , Carlsson A. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: Reporting a lung scintigraphy diagnosis as a PIOPED categorical probability of pulmonary embolism offers the clinician a wide range of interpretation. Therefore the purpose of this study was to analyze the impact on lung scintigraphy reporting of adding a visual linear scale (VLS) probability assessment to the ordinary PIOPED categorical probability. Material and Methods: the study material was a re-evaluation of lung scintigrams from a prospective study of 170 patients. All patients had been examined by lung scintigraphy and pulmonary angiography. the scintigrams were re-evaluated by 3 raters, and the probability of pulmonary embolism was estimated by the PIOPED categorization and by a VLS probability. the test was repeated after 6 months. Results: There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the area under the ROC curve between the PIOPED categorization and the VLS for any of the 3 raters. Analysis of agreement among raters and for repeatability demonstrated low agreement in the mid-range of probabilities. Conclusion: A VLS probability estimate did not significantly improve the overall accuracy of the diagnosis compared to the categorical PIOPED probability assessment alone. from the data of our present study we cannot recommend the addition of a VLS score to the PIOPED categorization.
Plasma levels of prekallikrein, alpha-2-macroglobulin and c1-esterase inhibitor in patients with urticarial reaction to contrast media
Authors: Mikkonen R. , Aronen H. J. , Kivisaari L. , Piilonen A. , Syrjälä M. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: The plasma levels of prekallikrein, alpha-2-macroglobulin and C1-esterase inhibitor (C1 INH) in patients with previous urticarial reaction to contrast media (CM) were compared to those of a group of nonreacting age- and sex-matched controls. This study evaluated the value of these laboratory variables in predicting acute and delayed urticarial-type reactions. Material and Methods: The study comprised 44 patients (reactors) with acute (n=29) or delayed (n=15) urticaria after administration of CM, and a group of age- and sex-matched controls. Results: In the reactors, the levels of prekallikrein and alpha-2-macroglobulin were higher (p<0.0001) and the level of C1 INH lower (p<0.0001) than those of the controls. the level of prekallikrein decreased with increasing age (p=0.02) and women had higher values than men (p=0.0054). the level of alpha-2-macroglobulin was age-dependent (p=0.006). Conclusion: Although high plasma prekallikrein activity, high plasma alpha-2-mac-roglobulin activity, and low plasma C1 INH activity are associated with urticaria-type reaction to CM, their value in predicting urticarial reaction is limited because prekallikrein is age- and sex-dependent, and alpha-2-macroglobulin is age-dependent.
MR imaging of the central nervous system in diving-related decompression illness
Authors: Reuter M. , Tetzlaff K. , Hutzelmann A. , Fritsch G. , Steffens J.-C. , Bettinghausen E. , Heller M. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: This investigation was conducted to determine whether MR imaging showed cerebral or spinal damage in acute diving-related decompression illness, a term that includes decompression sickness (DCS) and arterial gas embolism (AGE) Material and Methods: A total of 16 divers with dysbaric injuries were examined after the initiation of therapeutic recompression. Their injuries comprised: neurological DCS II n=8; AGE n=7; combined cerebral-AGE/spinal-DCS n=1. T1- and T2-weighted images of the brain were obtained in 2 planes. in addition, the spinal cord was imaged in 7 subjects. the imaging findings were correlated with the neurological symptoms Results: MR images of the head showed ischemic cerebrovascular lesions in 6/8 patients with AGE but showed focal hyperintensities in only 2/8 divers with DCS. Spinalcord involvement was detected in 1/7 examinations, which was the combined cerebral-AGE/spinal-DCS case. There was agreement between the locations of the documented lesions and the clinical manifestations Conclusion: MR readily detects cerebral damage in AGE but yields low sensitivity in DCS. A negative MR investigation cannot rule out AGE or DCS. However, MR is useful in the examination of patients with decompression illness
Detection of normal mediastinal lymph nodes by ultrasonography
Authors: Dietrich C. F. , Liesen M. , Buhl R. , Herrmann G. , Kirchner J. , Caspary W. F. , Wehrmann T. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: the detection by US (ín contrast to CT) of lymph nodes of any size in the mediastinum is usually considered to be a pathological finding. the aim of this study was to find out whether it was possible to detect normal lymph nodes by high-resolution mediastinal US Material and Methods: Six different mediastinal regions in 80 healthy asymptomatic volunteers and in 20 human cadavers were examined by means of US (with colour Doppler imaging) to assess US access to the respective regions and to demonstrate the number and size of detectable lymph nodes. All the cadaveric lymph nodes that were detected were examined histologically to exclude inflammatory or malignant infiltration Results: in almost all subjects, we obtained US access to the supra-aortic (100%), paratracheal (95%), prevascular (99%), and pencardial (98%) regions, and to the aorticopulmonary window (98%). US access to the subcarinal region was more difficult (75%). in the healthy subjects, lymph nodes were detected in the paratracheal region (in 35% of these subjects, mean lymph-node diameter 12×7 mm), in the aorticopulmonary window (45%, 14×8 mm), and in the subcarinal region (13%, 13×7 mm). in the cadavers, histologically normal lymph nodes were detected frequently in the paratracheal region (85%, mean size 11×6 mm) and in the aorticopulmonary window (90%, 11×5 mm) Conclusion: These results indicate that normal lymph nodes (and not only pathological lymph nodes) can be demonstrated by high-resolution mediastinal US
CT-guided core-needle biopsy in omental pathology
Authors: Pombo F. , Rodriguez E. , Martin R. , Lago M. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: to assess the accuracy and clinical usefulness of CT-guided core-needle biopsy in the diagnosis of omental pathology Material and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the results of CT-guided percutaneous core biopsies in 25 patients with focal (n=2) or diffuse (n=23) omental pathology. These results were compared to the final diagnoses as determined by laparotomy (n=15), laparoscopic biopsy (n=3), endoscopic biopsy (n=1), or by the results of percutaneous biopsy and clinical-radiological and bacteriological modalities (n=6). the final diagnoses showed 4 patients with isolated omental pathology and 21 with widespread peritoneal involvement. the CT-guided biopsies were performed with 1.0–1.8-mm Surecut core-needles Results: in 16 patients, the final diagnosis was metastatic adenocarcinoma - with the primary tumor sites in the ovary (n=3), stomach (n=1), appendix (n=2), and unknown (n=10). in the remaining 9 patients, the final diagnosis was hepatocellular carcinoma, lymphoma, and mesothelioma in 1 patient each; tuberculosis in 5; and actinomycosis in 1. Sufficient histological (n=16) or cytological (n=8) material was obtained by CT biopsy in 24/25 (96%) cases; the specimen was insufficient for diagnosis in 1 case. in differentiating benign from malignant disease, CT-guided biopsy showed a sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of respectively 89.5%, 100% and 92%. It gave a specific diagnosis in 78.9% (15/19) of patients with malignant conditions and in 50% (3/6) of patients with benign disorders. There were no biopsy-related complications Conclusion: CT-guided percutaneous core-needle biopsy of the omentum is a safe, useful and highly accurate procedure for diagnosing malignant omental pathology
Diagnosis of liver metastases from colorectal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Strotzer M. , Gmeinwieser J. , Schmidt J. , Fellner C. , Seitz J. , Albrich H. , Zirngibl H. , Feuerbach S. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: the purpose of this study was to determine whether MR with and without SPIO (AMI-25) could replace spiral-CTAP in the staging of colorectal adenocarcinoma Material and Methods: Thirty-five patients were studied prospectively by means of i.v. contrast-enhanced spiral-CT, spiral-CTAP, and MR of the liver. MR imaging was performed before and after infusion of AMI-25. Diagnoses were compared to intraoperative findings (n=35) which included intraoperative ultrasound (n=21), and follow-up CT (n= 18) Results and Conclusion: Fifteen patients were found to have a total number of 53 liver metastases and 43 benign lesions were detected. Evaluation was performed in four different ways: 1) i.v. contrast-enhanced spiral-CT; 2) i.v. contrast-enhanced spiral-CT + spiral-CTAP; 3) plain MR; 4) plain MR + SPIO-enhanced MR. I.v. contrast-enhanced spiral-CT, spiral-CTAP and SPIO-enhanced MR identified patients with liver metastases with equal sensitivity. However, owing to its significantly higher sensitivity, based on a lesion-by-lesion analysis, spiral-CTAP cannot be replaced by SPIO-enhanced MR in patients who are to undergo liver resection. A limitation in spiral-CTAP is its relatively low specificity