bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of procedural times, success rates, and safety between left versus right radial arterial access in primary percutaneous coronary intervention for acute ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Larsen Peter , Shah Saumil , Waxman Sergio , Freilich Mark , Riskalla Nabila , Piemonte Thomas , Jeon Cathy , Pyne Christopher 
Published: October 2010

AbstractObjective: To evaluate if there are differences in procedural times, success rates, and safety between left and right radial approach (LRA and RRA, respectively) in primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Background: Given conflicting reports of different procedural success with LRA vs. RRA, it is unclear if the side of radial access impacts in‐room procedural times and success rates in primary PCI. At our institution the LRA has been commonly used in certain STEMI patients. Our clinical database was reviewed to see if routine use of the LRA could generate favorable technical success and reperfusion times as compared to the RRA. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 135 consecutive STEMI patients treated with primary PCI performed via the left and right radial approach at our institution. Results: There were 50 cases in the LRA group and 85 in the RRA group. There was no difference in median procedural times including total procedure time (LRA 53.5 mins vs. RRA 52 mins, P = 0.95), room‐to‐cannulation (LRA 12 min vs. RRA 13 min, P = 0.40) or room‐to‐balloon times (LRA 30 min vs. RRA 31 min, P = 0.74). There were no significant differences in procedural success rates (LRA 100% vs. RRA 97.6%, P = 0.27), or procedure‐related complications or death between the two groups. Conclusions: Left and right trans‐radial approach for primary PCI have similar in room procedural times, success rates, and comparable safety. Trans‐radial PCI through either arm is a feasible and safe approach in patients with STEMI. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Two‐dimensional quantitative coronary angiographic models for bifurcation segmental analysis
Authors: Girasis Chrysafios , Schuurbiers Johan C.H. , Onuma Yoshinobu , Aben Jean‐Paul , Weijers Bas , Boersma Eric , Wentzel Jolanda J. , Serruys Patrick W. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackground: Quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) analysis for bifurcation lesions needs to be standardized. Objectives: In vitro validation of two models for bifurcation QCA segmental analysis. Methods: In the latest edition of the Cardiovascular angiography analysis system (CAAS 5v8, Pie Medical Imaging, Maastricht, The Netherlands) a 6‐segment model for two‐dimensional coronary bifurcation analysis was implemented next to the currently available 11‐segment model. Both models were validated against 6 precision manufactured plexiglas phantoms, each of them mimicking a vessel with three successive bifurcation lesions with variable anatomy and Medina class. The phantoms were filled with 100% contrast agent and imaged with a biplane gantry. Images acquired in antero‐posterior (AP) direction by either C‐arm and at 30° right and left anterior oblique angulation were analyzed by two independent analysts, blinded to the actual dimensions. Manual correction of the contours was not allowed. Measurements for minimal lumen diameter (MLD), reference vessel diameter (RVD), percent diameter stenosis (DS) and bifurcation angle (BA) were compared with the true phantom dimensions. Results: In AP views the accuracy and precision (mean difference ± SD) of 11‐ and 6‐segment model for MLD, RVD, and DS were 0.065 ± 0.128 mm vs. 0.058 ± 0.142 mm, −0.021 ± 0.032 mm vs. −0.022 ± 0.030 mm, and −2.45% ± 5.07% vs. −2.28% ± 5.29%, respectively. Phantom MLD values ≤0.7 mm were systematically overestimated; if excluded, MLD accuracy and precision became 0.015 ± 0.106 mm and 0.004 ± 0.125 mm for the 11‐ and 6‐segment model, respectively. Accuracy and precision for BA were −2.2° ± 3.3°. Interobserver variability for MLD, RVD, DS, and BA for either model was ≤0.049 mm, ≤0.056 mm, ≤2.77%, and 1.6°, respectively. Agreement between models for MLD, RVD, and DS was ±0.079 mm, ±0.011 mm, and ±2.07%. Accuracy and precision for diameter‐derived parameters were slightly decreased in angulated projections; precision for BA measurements dropped to 6.1°. Conclusions: The results of both models are highly reproducible and for phantom MLD values >0.7mm in excellent agreement with the true dimensions. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synthesis and Properties of Terthiophene and Bithiophene Derivatives Functionalized by BF2 Chelation: A New Type of Electron Acceptor Based on Quadrupolar Structures
Authors: Ono Katsuhiko , Nakashima Akihiro , Tsuji Yujiro , Kinoshita Takatoshi , Tomura Masaaki , Nishida Jun‐ichi , Yamashita Yoshiro 
Published: October 2010

AbstractTerthiophene and bithiophene derivatives functionalized by BF2 chelation were synthesized as a new type of electron acceptor, and their properties were compared to those of bifuran and biphenyl derivatives. These new compounds are characterized by quadrupolar structures due to resonance contributors generated by BF2 chelation. The bithiophene derivative has a strong quadrupolar character compared with the bifuran and biphenyl derivatives because their hydrolytic analyses indicated that the bithiophene moiety has a larger on‐site Coulomb repulsion than the others. The terthiophene derivative has a smaller on‐site Coulomb repulsion than the bithiophene derivative due to the addition of a thiophene spacer. These BF2 complexes exhibit long‐wavelength absorptions and according to measurements of ionization potentials and absorption edges they have energetically low‐lying HOMOs and LUMOs. The crystal structure of the bithiophene derivative is of the herringbone type, with short F⋅⋅⋅S and F⋅⋅⋅C contacts affording dense crystal packing. n‐Type semiconducting behaviour was observed in organic field‐effect transistors based on these BF2 complexes.
Studies Toward an Ideal Fluorescence Method to Measure Palladium in Functionalized Organic Molecules: Effects of Sodium Borohydride, Temperature, Phosphine Ligand, and Phosphate Ions on Kinetics
Authors: Song Fengling , Carder Evan J. , Kohler Clare C. , Koide Kazunori 
Published: October 2010

AbstractResidual metals in fine chemicals are currently detected by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, which requires expensive instrumentation and does not have high‐throughput capabilities. Although fluorescent probes can be amenable to high‐throughput analyses of metals, the utility of such analyses is limited due to the lack of generality. Herein, we report a significant improvement (≈19‐fold) to our previously reported catalysis‐based fluorescent probe for palladium. Specifically, we found that slightly elevated temperature dramatically improved the generality of the method and that the deallylation reaction of the nonfluorescent compound 1 was accelerated by phosphate ions in aqueous media. This method was capable of detecting 0.2 ppb palladium. We demonstrated reasonably accurate palladium detection in various active pharmaceutical ingredients and highly functionalized organic compounds.
Reactivity of Polyoxoniobates in Acidic Solution: Controllable Assembly and Disassembly Based on Niobium‐Substituted Germanotungstates
Authors: Li Shu‐Jun , Liu Shu‐Xia , Li Cong‐Cong , Ma Feng‐Ji , Liang Da‐Dong , Zhang Wei , Tan Rui‐Kang , Zhang Yuan‐Yuan , Xu Lin 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe reactivity of polyoxoniobates has been studied in acidic solution by grafting niobium onto trivacant Keggin‐type germanotungstates. Four niobium‐containing compounds were obtained in the course of this study. Cs6.5K0.5[GeW9(NbO2)3O37]⋅6H2O (Cs6.5K0.5‐1) synthesized by the reaction of K7H[Nb6O19] and A‐α‐Na10[GeW9034] in H2O2 solution is a tris(peroxoniobium)‐substituted A‐α‐GeW9 derivative. Cs6.5K0.5[GeW9Nb3O40]⋅ 10H2O (Cs6.5K0.5‐2) is a peroxo‐free compound obtained by eliminating the peroxo groups in 1. Monomers 1 and 2 as precursors can each afford two nanoscale POMs, dimer Cs5[H15Ge2W18Nb8O88]⋅18H2O (Cs5‐3) and tetramer Cs8K3H9[Ge4W36Nb16O166]⋅ 27H2O (Cs8K3H9‐4), through the formation of NbONb bridges. Disassembly through the cleavage of NbONb bonds from 4 to 2 and 1 was achieved by controlling the pH and by adding H2O2, respectively. The transition from 1 to 2 can be achieved by simply adding H2O2 to a solution of 1. All four compounds were characterized in the solid state by elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. 183W NMR analysis proved that the solid‐state structures of polyanions 1–4 were retained after dissolution. Disassembly from 4 to 1 and 2 in solution was observed by 183W NMR spectroscopy. The UV/Vis spectra of 1 at different pH confirmed that it is stable in the pH range of 0.1–14.0 at room temperature.
Cu(I)‐catalyzed asymmetric chlorination of β‐keto esters in the presence of chiral phosphine‐schiff base type ligands
Authors: Jiang Jia‐Jun , Huang Jian , Wang De , Yuan Zhi‐Liang , Zhao Mei‐Xin , Wang Fei‐Jun , Shi Min 
Published: October 2010

AbstractChiral phosphine‐Schiff base type ligand L8 prepared from (R)‐(−)‐2‐(diphenylphosphino)‐1,1'‐binaphthyl‐2'‐amine was found to be a fairly effective ligand for Cu(I)‐promoted enantioselective chlorination of β‐keto esters to give the corresponding products in high yields and with moderate enantioselectivities. Chirality 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Low triglyceride and nonuse of statins is associated with cancer in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Yang Xilin , Ma Ronald C.W. , So Wing Yee , Yu Linda W. L. , Kong Alice P. S. , Ko Gary T. C. , Xu Gang , Ozaki Risa , Tong Peter C. Y. , Chan Juliana C. N. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have increased cancer risks. The authors reported nonlinear associations of cancer with triglyceride and other lipids in T2DM. Crosstalk between lipid metabolism and the renin‐angiotensin system may increase cancer risk via activation of insulin‐like growth factor‐1 pathway in T2DM. In this analysis, the authors explored associations of cancer risk with high/low triglyceride in T2DM and possible modifying effects of statins on this risk association, if any.METHODS:A consecutive cohort of 5166 Chinese patients with T2DM, free of cancer at enrollment and not using statins at or before enrollment, was analyzed using Cox models. Biological interactions were estimated using relative excess risk because of interaction, attributable proportion because of interaction, and synergy index. Relative excess risk because of interaction >0, attributable proportion because of interaction >0, or synergy index >1 indicates biological interaction.RESULTS:During 5.25 years of follow‐up (median), 4.7% (n = 243) patients developed cancer. Triglyceride <1.70 mmol/L was associated with increased cancer risk in the entire cohort and in statin nonusers, but not in statin users. Patients with triglyceride <1.70 mmol/L plus nonuse of statins during follow‐up had 2.74‐fold increased cancer risk compared with their counterparts with either triglyceride ≥1.70 mmol/L or use of statins or both. There was significant interaction between triglyceride <1.70 mmol/L and nonuse of statins (relative excess risk because of interaction, 0.99; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.07‐1.90 and attributable proportion because of interaction, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.02‐0.70).CONCLUSIONS:In Chinese T2DM patients, triglyceride <1.70 mmol/L might be associated with increased cancer risk, which was attenuated in the presence of use of statins. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Expression status and prognostic significance of mammalian target of rapamycin pathway members in urothelial carcinoma of urinary bladder after cystectomy
Authors: Schultz Luciana , Albadine Roula , Hicks Jessica , Jadallah Sana , DeMarzo Angelo M. , Chen Ying‐Bei , Neilsen Matthew E. , Gonzalgo Mark L. , Sidransky David , Schoenberg Mark , Netto George J. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Bladder urothelial carcinoma has high rates of mortality and morbidity. Identifying novel molecular prognostic factors and targets of therapy is crucial. Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway plays a pivotal role in establishing cell shape, migration, and proliferation.METHODS:Tissue microarrays were constructed from 132 cystectomies (1994‐2002). Immunohistochemistry was performed for Pten, c‐myc, p27, phosphorylated (phos)Akt, phosS6, and 4E‐BP1. Markers were evaluated for pattern, percentage, and intensity of staining.RESULTS:Mean length of follow‐up was 62.6 months (range, 1‐182 months). Disease progression, overall survival (OS), and disease‐specific survival (DSS) rates were 42%, 60%, and 68%, respectively. Pten showed loss of expression in 35% of bladder urothelial carcinoma. All markers showed lower expression in invasive bladder urothelial carcinoma compared with benign urothelium with the exception of 4E‐BP1. Pten, p27, phosAkt, phosS6, and 4E‐BP1 expression correlated with pathologic stage (pathological stage; P<.03). Pten, 4E‐BP1, and phosAkt expression correlated with divergent aggressive histology and invasion. phosS6 expression inversely predicted OS (P = .01), DSS (P = .001), and progression (P = .05). c‐myc expression inversely predicted progression (P = .01). In a multivariate analysis model that included TNM stage grouping, divergent aggressive histology, concomitant carcinoma in situ, phosS6, and c‐myc expression, phosS6 was an independent predictor of DSS (P = .03; hazard ratio [HR], −0.19), whereas c‐myc was an independent predictor of progression (P = .02; HR, −0.38). In a second model substituting organ‐confined disease and lymph node status for TNM stage grouping, phosS6 and c‐myc remained independent predictors of DSS (P = .03; HR, −0.21) and progression (P = .03; HR, −0.34), respectively.CONCLUSIONS:We found an overall down‐regulation of mTOR pathway in bladder urothelial carcinoma. phosS6 independently predicted DSS, and c‐myc independently predicted progression. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Stability of estrogen receptor status in breast carcinoma
Authors: Gong Yun , Han Eric Yulong , Guo Ming , Pusztai Lajos , Sneige Nour 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:The purposes of this study were to address a persistent controversy as to whether the ER status of a primary tumor remains stable during progression to metastasis and to evaluate the influence of disease course and prior systemic therapy on ER status.METHODS:Breast carcinomas from 227 women with known ER status in both primary tumor and paired metastasis were retrospectively reviewed. ER status was compared between primary and metastatic tumors with respect to metastatic site, interval between two ER assays, and intervening chemotherapy and endocrine therapy. Semiquantitative comparison of ER values was performed for 92 tumor pairs.RESULTS:ER status agreed in 210 (92.5%) patients, including 147 positive and 63 negative. Of the 17 patients (7.5%) with discordant ER status, both negative to positive conversion (n = 7) and positive to negative conversion (n = 10) were observed. ER discordance was not significantly associated with metastatic site (locoregional vs distant), time interval between assays (<5 years vs. ≥5 years), or intervening chemotherapy and endocrine therapy. Semiquantitative levels of ER expression were similar between primary and metastatic tumors. In discordant cases, variations in testing methods and marginal scores were common.CONCLUSIONS:ER status in breast carcinoma is generally stable during progression to metastasis. Preanalytical and analytical variability may contribute to discordance in some cases. Given the importance of ER status for clinical management, ER testing in metastatic breast carcinoma should be repeated, especially for patients whose clinical courses are not compatible with stated ER status. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
ISENGARD: an infrastructure for supporting e‐science and grid application development
Authors: Kurniawan Donny , Abramson David 
Published: October 2010

AbstractGrid computing facilitates the aggregation and coordination of resources that are distributed across multiple administrative domains for large‐scale and complex e‐Science experiments. Writing, deploying, and testing grid applications over highly heterogeneous and distributed resources are complex and challenging. The process requires grid‐enabled programming tools that can handle the complexity and scale of the infrastructure. However, while a large amount of research has been undertaken into grid middleware, little work has been directed specifically at the area of grid application development tools. This paper presents the design and implementation of ISENGARD, an infrastructure for supporting e‐Science and grid application development. ISENGARD provides services, tools, and APIs that simplify grid software development. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A multi‐GPU algorithm for large‐scale neuronal networks
Authors: de Camargo Raphael Y. , Rozante Luiz , Song Siang W. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractLarge‐scale simulations of parts of the brain using detailed neuronal models to improve our understanding of brain functions are becoming a reality with the usage of supercomputers and large clusters. However, the high acquisition and maintenance cost of these computers, including the physical space, air conditioning, and electrical power, limits the number of simulations of this kind that scientists can perform. Modern commodity graphical cards, based on the CUDA platform, contain graphical processing units (GPUs) composed of hundreds of processors that can simultaneously execute thousands of threads and thus constitute a low‐cost solution for many high‐performance computing applications. In this work, we present a CUDA algorithm that enables the execution, on multiple GPUs, of simulations of large‐scale networks composed of biologically realistic Hodgkin–Huxley neurons. The algorithm represents each neuron as a CUDA thread, which solves the set of coupled differential equations that model each neuron. Communication among neurons located in different GPUs is coordinated by the CPU. We obtained speedups of 40 for the simulation of 200k neurons that received random external input and speedups of 9 for a network with 200k neurons and 20M neuronal connections, in a single computer with two graphic boards with two GPUs each, when compared with a modern quad‐core CPU. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transverse Relaxation of Scalar‐Coupled Protons
Authors: Segawa Takuya F. , Baishya Bikash , Bodenhausen Geoffrey 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIn a preliminary communication (B. Baishya, T. F. Segawa, G. Bodenhausen, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 17538–17539), we recently demonstrated that it is possible to obtain clean echo decays of protons in biomolecules despite the presence of homonuclear scalar couplings. These unmodulated decays allow one to determine apparent transverse relaxation rates R2app of individual protons. Herein, we report the observation of R2app for three methyl protons, four amide HN protons, and all 11 backbone Hα protons in cyclosporin A. If the proton resonances overlap, their R2app rates can be measured by transferring their magnetization to neighboring 13C nuclei, which are less prone to overlap. The R2app rates of protons attached to 13C are faster than those attached to 12C because of 13C–1H dipolar interactions. The differences of these rates allow the determination of local correlation functions. Backbone HN and Hα protons that have fast decay rates R2app also feature fast longitudinal relaxation rates R1 and intense NOESY cross peaks that are typical of crowded environments. Variations of R2app rates of backbone Hα protons in similar amino acids reflect differences in local environments.
Controllable synthesis, characterization and optical properties of Ag@AgCl coaxial core‐shell nanocables
Authors: Li Fei , Liu Xueqin , Yuan Yuliang , Wu Jianfang , Li Zhen 
Published: October 2010

AbstractCore‐shell structures often exhibit improved physical and chemical properties. Developing a relatively general, facile, and low temperature synthetic approach for core‐shell structures with complex compositions is still a particularly challenging work. Here we report a general chemical conversion route to prepare high quality Ag@AgCl coaxial core‐shell nanocables via the redox reaction between Ag nanowires and FeCl3 in solution. The powder X‐ray diffraction of the Ag@AgCl coaxial core‐shell nanocables shows additional diffraction peaks corresponding to AgCl crystals apart from the signals from the Ag nanowire cores. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy images of the Ag@AgCl coaxial core‐shell nanocables reveal that the Ag nanowires are coated with AgCl nanoparticles. The effect of the molar ratio of Fe:Ag on the morphology and optical absorption of the Ag@AgCl coaxial core‐shell nanocables is systematically investigated. The result shows that the optical absorption of Ag nanowires decreases gradually and that of AgCl nanoparticles improves gradually with the increase of the molar ratio of Fe:Ag. The formation process of the Ag@AgCl coaxial core‐shell nanocables has been discussed in detail. The present chemical conversion approach is expected to be employed in a broad range of applications to fabricate innovative core‐shell structures with different compositions and shapes for unique properties. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Honor: The Sulha's main dispute resolution tool
Authors: Pely Doron 
Published: October 2010

AbstractHonor, as a “folkloristic, emotive” value (Wikan, 1984), has long been recognized as central to the Middle Eastern inter‐ and intracommunal dispute resolution tradition of Sulha (Lang, 2002). This article highlights the centrality of honor to conciliation facilitation in Sulha and demonstrates the utilitarian, rather than folkloristic, use of honor within Sulha's distinct functional stages. Further, it shows how disputants and interveners alike wield honor extensively as a purposeful, task‐specific tool to maneuver for position before and during the deliberations, move the process along (or postpone its progress), facilitate an agreement, and ensure the durability of the agreement.
The effects of value on the perception of corporate social responsibility implementation: A study of Chinese youth
Authors: Wang Lei , Juslin Heikki 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThis study tries to determine the effects of personal values on individual perceptions of CSR issues. We investigated 980 Chinese young people, finding that: (1) Chinese youth display a mixed value structure of traditional and emerging western values, stronger self‐transcendent values than self‐enhancement values, and stronger openness values than conservation values. (2) Chinese youth have negative perceptions of corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance of corporations in China, especially on the environmental dimension. (3) Personal values have a significant effect on perception of Chinese youth of CSR, with young Chinese who value self‐transcendence or openness more having more negative perceptions of the CSR performance of Chinese corporations. In contrast, those who value self‐enhancement or conservation more have more positive perceptions. The practical contribution of this study is to suggest that value cultivation is a good way to develop ethical behaviour and responsibility, which in turn affect the development of CSR in China. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.