bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Green roof thermal performance of small-scale prototype using IES-VE simulation in tropical climatic condition
Authors: Md Yacob M N , Kasmin H , Rahmat S N , Tukimat N N A , Ahmad Nazri M A 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the thermal performance of green roof systems in a tropical climate, focusing on the small-scale building prototypes. Batu Pahat, Malaysia is experiencing the increasing temperatures due to climate change. Green roofs are considered as a potential solution, but their effectiveness depends on various factors such as building orientation, solar shading, and thermal resistance (R-value). Therefore, modeling and simulation are crucial for understanding green roof thermal behaviour. This study employs the Integrated Environmental Simulation Virtual Environment (IES-VE) software for analysis. Three identical small-scale buildings were constructed, one with Portulaca Grandiflora (PGR) plants, another with Alternanthera Paronychioides (ATN) plants, and a control roof with no vegetation. The R-values from the on-site green roofs were measured at 0.8899 m²K/W for PGR and 1.1477 m²K/W for ATN, while the control roof had an R-value of 0.1 m²K/W. Green roofs with higher R-values demonstrated a substantial reduction in indoor temperatures, making them a valuable solution for improving thermal comfort in tropical climates. This study underscores the importance of green roofs in mitigating rising temperatures in tropical climates. Simulation using IES-VE approved that green roofs can potentially reduce indoor temperatures, demonstrating their suitability for tropical regions. These findings have significant implications for sustainable building design and urban planning in hot and humid climates.
Analytical study on effect of groundwater table and rainfall infiltration on the stability and performance of Muar Trial Embankment by using PLAXIS 2D
Authors: Sim M L , Ling F N L , Zaihasra A T 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Stability and performance of embankment is crucial throughout its service life especially when subjected to various environment factors namely rainfall and fluctuation of groundwater table. The environmental factors are normally site dependent and vary from time to time. Thus, it is critical to assess the stability and performance of embankment when subjected to environmental factors. The geometry and soil profile of well documented Muar Trial embankment was utilized as base model with the aim to determine the effect of water table and rainfall infiltration on its stability. The impact of these factors on embankment stability is investigated numerically via Plaxis 2D. The findings highlight the importance of considering fully coupled flow-deformation analysis in PLAXIS 2D when simulating rainfall infiltration on the embankment slope. Stability of simulated slopes was determined via strength reduction technique which is known as one of the FEM methods to determine slope stability. The findings showed that the short-term safety factor of slope is slightly increased with 0.4 by taking into consideration possibility of water table raise due to poor drainage. However, simulated 1-day rainfall event didn’t significantly affect the stability of embankment slope. Future work should explore consolidation process after drawdown of water table and incorporating long-term rainfall data to validate the practical assessment of embankment stability in engineering scenarios.
Measurement uncertainty evaluation in soil liquid limit testing
Authors: Lua K L , Lim A J M S , Sim S Y 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Measurement uncertainty provides an indication of the quality of test result and very often also adopted in laboratory proficiency testing activities. Soil mechanical properties testing for example plastic and liquid limits conventionally do not provide uncertainty figure; however due to laboratory accreditation requirement, laboratory is required to provide it in the test report for some specific purposes for example Proficiency testing and quality validation. Conventional approach to derive measurement uncertainty is too difficult or mathematically unable to justify for the figure derived because liquid limit is not obtained experimentally instead it is estimated through linear regression method. Thus, it becomes a problem to report accurate and reliable measurement uncertainty figure in the test report. This research focuses into estimating the water content of liquid limit with relative uncertainty approach through estimation from the regression curve. It suggested the technique for estimation of water content and dry weight resulting in uncertainty component different treatment from conventional approach. Error of regression, a Type A component becomes one of the key components dominating the final answer. This study suggests the control of quality and improvement of measurement uncertainty evaluation through curve fitting observing the value of R2. should not be less than 0.95. This uncertainty figure can be used in proficiency testing and inter-laboratory comparison purpose.
The study of cement sand brick containing kenaf fine particles as sand replacement materials
Authors: Ayop S S , Umar Radzi U A R 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Besides concrete, bricks are the most fundamental building materials used in the construction of buildings, such as a partition walls. For cement-sand bricks, the used of sand as a main ingredient had triggered a big concern to the environment impact, a shortage of sand resources and the rise in the cost of the material. To address this problem, many researchers have been exploring the use of kenaf fiber as an alternative, renewable resource for fine aggregate in construction. This study is focused on the cement sand brick that containing kenaf fine particles. Due to its unique properties and availability, kenaf has gained much attention among researchers. The main objective of this study was to determine the optimum amount of kenaf fine particles as sand replacement in cement sand brick. Seventy-two brick of 215 mm x 102.5 mm x 65 mm has been produced. In this investigation, a brick with a cement sand ratio of 1:3 and a water-cement ratio of 0.4 with and without superplasticizer, and 0.5 has been tested. The replacement of kenaf fine particles was ranging from 10% to 30% by volume. The cement sand brick was tested to investigate mechanical parameters such as density, compressive strength, and water absorption capabilities of the brick. The results shows that 20% kenaf replacement gave an acceptable condition in term of strength and density.
Stabilization of peat using sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) and cement as a stabilizer
Authors: Bakhir M A , Abu Talib M K , Madun A , Md Dan M F , Pakir F , Md Yusof Z 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
One of the main land types in Malaysia is peat, which has relatively soft soil with a high organic content, poor shear strength, and high compressibility. Therefore, in its natural state, peat is deemed unsuitable for supporting a construction site. Cement is one of the techniques used to stabilize peat. However, because so much cement is used, this process is not environmentally beneficial. at this work, the stabilization of peat was achieved by using Sugarcane Bagasse Ash (SCBA) at a ratio of 5% to 20% in lieu of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). To determine the strength of the soil and the differences in microstructure between treated and untreated soil, laboratory experiments on the physical, chemical, and mechanical properties have been carried out. Through testing unconfined compressive strength (UCS), the optimal mix of replacement SCBA with OPC, consisting of 15 PCBA, demonstrated enhanced strength. The microstructure of a sample of 100 PC with 15 PCBA that is hollow is reduced and becomes denser as a result of the filler material SCBA’s reaction, as shown by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The test Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) with the lowered of carbon and calcium rise value shows the pozzolanic reaction. It may, indirectly, strengthen peat following stabilization.
The performance of steel fibre reinforced concrete with waste glass as partial replacement of fine aggregate
Authors: Yusuf A M , Ali N 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This paper discusses the performance of steel fibre reinforced concrete with part of substitution of sand with waste glass in concrete mix. Glass consists mainly of silica, which is a natural raw substance like sand. Glass is completely recyclable, and it can be recycled indefinitely without losing any of its quality or purity. Waste glass powder was utilized as a partial replacement of fine aggregate with 0%, 10%, 20 and 30% by the volume in C30 grade of concrete and addition of 0.5 % steel fibre by volume fractions of hooked end steel fibre and 0.5 water cement ratio. All samples were evaluated following 28 days curing period. The aim of this study is to investigate the workability of concrete, to determine the compressive and tensile strength of concrete and to identify the optimum percentage of steel fibre reinforced and waste glass. From the experimental results, it was found that the study achieved a maximum compressive strength of 32.9 N/mm² at 30% replacement of fine aggregate with waste glass, slightly surpassing normal concrete. Additionally, the highest tensile strength of 3.9 N/mm² was achieved at 20% replacement, surpassing normal concrete. The optimum percentages determined were 20% for fine glass replacement and 0.5% for steel fiber addition. It can be concluded that scenario of waste glass concrete approach could be perceived as a sustainable and environmentally friendly product in the near future.
Fatigue of notched steel hollow sections under sinusoidal cyclic loading
Authors: Jaini Z M , Sugiura K , Sato A , Jamaluddin N , Badrul Azman M F N , Abdul Kudus S 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This paper presents the numerical modelling of the fatigue of notched steel hollow sections under sinusoidal cyclic loading. Steel hollow sections are commonly used as structural components, particularly for beams, columns, girders, trusses and bracing. The biggest concern is flaws or minor cuts that create notches in the steel hollow sections. The presence of a notch could degrade the strength properties and consequently lead to severe disadvantages in fatigue life. The fatigue assessment was carried out using the finite element program WELSIM. SHS50×50×3.0 was selected for the three-dimensional model. The sinusoidal cyclic loading was applied with a minimum force of 1.665 kN and a maximum force ranging from 5.550 kN to 16.65 kN. Variables such as notch depth and amplitude ratio were simulated to acquire the stress range and the number of cycles. The results showed that the stress range for unnotched specimens is 46.258 MPa to 164.93 MPa; for notched specimens, it is 52.273 MPa to 189.89 MPa. It was found that the presence of a notch leads to an increase in the stress range and a decrease in the number of cycles. The unnotched specimens can withstand the number of cycles from 1.83×106 to infinity. Meanwhile, the number of cycles for notched specimens ranges from 1.20×106 to 8.36×107. At each amplitude ratio, except for A = 0.10, the number of cycles is insignificant.
Crack Width Behaviour of High-Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete Slabs Affected by Steel Fiber Composition
Authors: Krisnamurti  
Published: June 2024

Abstract
When a bending failure occurs, the crack width formula of a reinforced concrete element usually requires a parameter of relative crack depth (ξ) or a span-to-depth ratio (L/h). Using High-Performance Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (HPFRC) increase material performance so the element thickness can be cut down and the relative crack depth can be raised. The research aims to investigate the HPFRC slab’s crack width, which is affected by a variation of steel fiber composition as a pure bending element based on the linear elastic fracture mechanics. The HPFRC materials use Portland pozzolana cement, sand, gravel, silica fume, water, superplasticizer, and the composition of steel fiber of 0,4%, 0,6%, 0,8%, and 1,0% based on the prediction weight of HPFRC slabs. The research generates the stress intensity factor and the crack width equation as a function of the relative crack depth of the HPFRC slab less than 0,90. The comparison between the crack width analysis on the HPFRC slab and the flexural test result on the HPFRC slab shows well conformity.
Conclusion
Authors: Sampson Helen , Turgo Nelson , Cadge Wendy , Gilliat-Ray Sophie 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe conclusion reflects on the main findings presented in the book and establishes the contribution that it has made to an understanding of the life and work of port chaplains, the lives of seafarers, and to our understanding of broader-ranging issues relating to the provision and funding of chaplaincy services more generally. The chapter offers some recommendations for policymakers and charitable organizations in the field of maritime welfare and suggests two directions for further research in the future. Firstly, it would be valuable to explore and understand the ways in which individuals may abandon their religious practices when away from their communities without experiencing this as problematic from the point of view of the teachings of their faith. Secondly it would be beneficial to study the value of existing port welfare facilities to a broader range of seafarers, including those of different faiths and none.
Advancing drug-response prediction using multi-modal and -omics machine learning integration (MOMLIN): a case study on breast cancer clinical data
Authors: Rashid Md Mamunur , Selvarajoo Kumar 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The inherent heterogeneity of cancer contributes to highly variable responses to any anticancer treatments. This underscores the need to first identify precise biomarkers through complex multi-omics datasets that are now available. Although much research has focused on this aspect, identifying biomarkers associated with distinct drug responders still remains a major challenge. Here, we develop MOMLIN, a multi-modal and -omics machine learning integration framework, to enhance drug-response prediction. MOMLIN jointly utilizes sparse correlation algorithms and class–specific feature selection algorithms, which identifies multi-modal and -omics–associated interpretable components. MOMLIN was applied to 147 patients’ breast cancer datasets (clinical, mutation, gene expression, tumor microenvironment cells and molecular pathways) to analyze drug-response class predictions for non-responders and variable responders. Notably, MOMLIN achieves an average AUC of 0.989, which is at least 10% greater when compared with current state-of-the-art (data integration analysis for biomarker discovery using latent components, multi-omics factor analysis, sparse canonical correlation analysis). Moreover, MOMLIN not only detects known individual biomarkers such as genes at mutation/expression level, most importantly, it correlates multi-modal and -omics network biomarkers for each response class. For example, an interaction between ER-negative-HMCN1-COL5A1 mutations-FBXO2-CSF3R expression-CD8 emerge as a multimodal biomarker for responders, potentially affecting antimicrobial peptides and FLT3 signaling pathways. In contrast, for resistance cases, a distinct combination of lymph node-TP53 mutation-PON3-ENSG00000261116 lncRNA expression-HLA-E-T-cell exclusions emerged as multimodal biomarkers, possibly impacting neurotransmitter release cycle pathway. MOMLIN, therefore, is expected advance precision medicine, such as to detect context–specific multi-omics network biomarkers and better predict drug-response classifications.
Pseudotumour: an uncommon complication of severe haemophilia
Authors: Kiu Alex , Yang Isaac , Fung Tiffany , Jaffer Rehana , Martin Marie-Helen 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Pseudotumours are uncommon complications of haemophilia, occurring in 1%-2% of patients with haemophilia.1,2 It is a slowly expanding haematoma as a result of recurrent haemorrhage, surrounded by a fibrous capsule. It can occur in both bone and soft tissue, and progressive enlargement may result in bone destruction and/or muscle and skin necrosis. Pseudotumours by themselves are usually painless though its mass effect can result in nerve compression resulting in pain or neurologic symptoms. It may also predispose to pathologic fractures (as in our case) and superimposed infections.2,3
Diverse functions of Tribbles homolog 3 in cancers and its potential as a therapeutic target
Authors: Lei Shiying , Sun Jiajun , Xie Yifang , Xiao Xiaojuan , He Xiaofeng , Lin Sheng , Zhang Huifang , Huang Zineng , Wang Haiqin , Wu Xusheng , Peng Hongling , Liu Jing 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Currently, cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide, and potential targeted drugs and molecular pathways for cancer development and progression have been a hot research topic worldwide. In recent years, the importance of the kinase superfamily in diseases has been well demonstrated by studies on various molecular mechanisms of kinases and the successful application of their inhibitors in diseases. Pseudokinases are members of the kinase superfamily, which have been increasingly documented to play a crucial role in cancers year after year. As a member of pseudokinases, tribbles homolog 3 (TRIB3) also exerts diverse functions in different cancers through different interacting proteins and molecular pathways, especially in tumor immunity, stemness, drug resistance, metabolism, and autophagy. In addition, peptide drugs targeting TRIB3 have high specificity in preclinical studies, which shows great promise for TRIB3 application in diseases including cancers. In this review, we dissect diverse functions played by TRIB3 in different cancers, describing the underlying mechanisms in detail. Notably, inhibitors and agonists currently available for TRIB3 are discussed, indicating the potential for TRIB3 as a therapeutic target.
Microstructural associations between locus coeruleus, cortical, and subcortical regions are modulated by astrocyte reactivity: a 7T MRI adult lifespan study
Authors: Beckers Elise , Van Egroo Maxime , Ashton Nicholas J , Blennow Kaj , Vandewalle Gilles , Zetterberg Henrik , Poser Benedikt A , Jacobs Heidi I L 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The locus coeruleus–norepinephrine system plays a key role in supporting brain health along the lifespan, notably through its modulatory effects on neuroinflammation. Using ultra–high field diffusion magnetic resonance imaging, we examined whether microstructural properties (neurite density index and orientation dispersion index) in the locus coeruleus were related to those in cortical and subcortical regions, and whether this was modulated by plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein levels, as a proxy of astrocyte reactivity. In our cohort of 60 healthy individuals (30 to 85 yr, 50% female), higher glial fibrillary acidic protein correlated with lower neurite density index in frontal cortical regions, the hippocampus, and the amygdala. Furthermore, under higher levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (above ~ 150 pg/mL for cortical and ~ 145 pg/mL for subcortical regions), lower locus coeruleus orientation dispersion index was associated with lower orientation dispersion index in frontotemporal cortical regions and in subcortical regions. Interestingly, individuals with higher locus coeruleus orientation dispersion index exhibited higher orientation dispersion index in these (sub)cortical regions, despite having higher glial fibrillary acidic protein levels. Together, these results suggest that the interaction between locus coeruleus–norepinephrine cells and astrocytes can signal a detrimental or neuroprotective pathway for brain integrity and support the importance of maintaining locus coeruleus neuronal health in aging and in the prevention of age-related neurodegenerative diseases.
Efficient inactivation of influenza virus through adsorption of nanoceria and its oxidative power
Authors: Sekiguchi Shota , Umezawa Eisuke , Yamanaka Hiroko Ito , Fujino Kan , Motoshiromizu Takahiro , Ouchi Miho Kawanishi , Murai Shunsuke , Masuda Tomohide , Ito Masateru , Nobumasa Hitoshi , Taharaguchi Satoshi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This study investigated the stabilizer's impact on nanoceria's antiviral activity. The positively charged nanoceria dispersion showed potent activity against the influenza virus, reducing the viral titer by over 4.0 log10 pfu/mL within 1 h, surpassing EN14476 criteria. It also inactivated the virus within 15 s, decreasing the infection titer by 2.2 log10 pfu/mL, and maintained efficacy even under bovine serum albumin loading.
The Bioinformatic Applications of Hi-C and Linked Reads
Authors: Jiang Libo , Quail Michael A , Fraser-Govil Jack , Wang Haipeng , Shi Xuequn , Oliver Karen , Mellado Gomez Esther , Yang Fengtang , Ning Zemin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Long-range sequencing grants insight into additional genetic information beyond what can be accessed by both short reads and modern long-read technology. Several new sequencing technologies, such as “Hi-C” and “Linked Reads”, produce long-range datasets for high-throughput and high-resolution genome analyses, which are rapidly advancing the field of genome assembly, genome scaffolding, and more comprehensive variant identification. In this review, we focused on five major long-range sequencing technologies: high-throughput chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C), 10X Genomics Linked Reads, haplotagging, transposase enzyme linked long-read sequencing (TELL-seq), and single- tube long fragment read (stLFR). We detailed the mechanisms and data products of the five platforms and their important applications, evaluated the quality of sequencing data from different platforms, and discussed the currently available bioinformatics tools. This work will benefit the selection of appropriate long-range technology for specific biological studies.
Adolescent sexual and reproductive health literacy needs: a sub-national level assessment in Ghana
Authors: Nkrumah Jacqueline , Abuosi Aaron A , Baku Anita Asiwome Adzo , Yarney Lily , Abekah-Nkrumah Gordon , Tettey Cecil Randolph 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This study assessed young adolescents’ access and literacy challenges to sexual and reproductive health information and knowledge gaps in the Effutu Municipality in the Central Region of Ghana. We used a narrative design and a focus group discussion method to glean data from 52 in-school adolescents, aged 11–15. Focus group discussions were conducted using a discussion guide and data were processed using QDA Miner (version 6.0). We analyzed data thematically using an iterative process of data validation, coding and recording. The participants had poor knowledge of the concepts of sexual and reproductive health and its essential domains. Abstinence was the predominant sexual and reproductive health goal of the participants. Yet, many males admitted to having sexual partners. There was difficult linguistic and physical access to structured and safe information. Personal hygiene, signs of sexual maturation and abstinence were the predominant contents available to young adolescents. A revision of adolescent health policies and strategies to embrace actions for improving unrestricted access to easy-to-read educational materials and adolescent health literacy is essential. Creating adolescent corners and introducing peer education in schools within Effutu and other municipalities in the Central Region will be useful.