bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eculizumab for Dense Deposit Disease and C3 Glomerulonephritis
Authors: Bomback Andrew S. , Smith Richard J. , Barile Gaetano R. , Zhang Yuzhou , Heher Eliot C. , Herlitz Leal , Stokes M. Barry , Markowitz Glen S. , D’Agati Vivette D. , Canetta Pietro A. , Radhakrishnan Jai , Appel Gerald B. 
Published: March 2012

Summary

Background and objectives
The principle defect in dense deposit disease and C3 glomerulonephritis is hyperactivity of the alternative complement pathway. Eculizumab, a monoclonal antibody that binds to C5 to prevent formation of the membrane attack complex, may prove beneficial.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
In this open-label, proof of concept efficacy and safety study, six subjects with dense deposit disease or C3 glomerulonephritis were treated with eculizumab every other week for 1 year. All had proteinuria >1 g/d and/or AKI at enrollment. Subjects underwent biopsy before enrollment and repeat biopsy at the 1-year mark.

Results
The subjects included three patients with dense deposit disease (including one patient with recurrent dense deposit disease in allograft) and three patients with C3 glomerulonephritis (including two patients with recurrent C3 glomerulonephritis in allograft). Genetic and complement function testing revealed a mutation in CFH and MCP in one subject each, C3 nephritic factor in three subjects, and elevated levels of serum membrane attack complex in three subjects. After 12 months, two subjects showed significantly reduced serum creatinine, one subject achieved marked reduction in proteinuria, and one subject had stable laboratory parameters but histopathologic improvements. Elevated serum membrane attack complex levels normalized on therapy and paralleled improvements in creatinine and proteinuria.

Conclusions
Clinical and histopathologic data suggest a response to eculizumab in some but not all subjects with dense deposit disease and C3 glomerulonephritis. Elevation of serum membrane attack complex before treatment may predict response. Additional research is needed to define the subgroup of dense deposit disease/C3 glomerulonephritis patients in whom eculizumab therapy can be considered.
Correlates of Age Onset of Type 2 Diabetes Among Relatively Young Black and White Adults in a Community
Authors: Nguyen Quoc Manh , Xu Ji-Hua , Chen Wei , Srinivasan Sathanur R. , Berenson Gerald S. 
Published: March 2012

OBJECTIVE
The risk factors for middle-age onset of type 2 diabetes are well known. However, information is scant regarding the age onset of type 2 diabetes and its correlates in community-based black and white relatively young adults.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
This prospective cohort study consisted of normoglycemic (n = 2,459) and type 2 diabetic (n = 144) adults aged 18–50 years who were followed for an average of 16 years.

RESULTS
The incidence rate of the onset of type 2 diabetes was 1.6, 4.3, 3.9, and 3.4 per 1,000 person-years for age-groups 18–29, 30–39, and 40–50 and total sample, respectively. Incidences of diabetes increased with age by race and sex groups (P for trend ≤0.01); higher in black females versus white females and blacks versus whites in total sample (P &lt; 0.05). In a multivariable Cox model, baseline parental diabetes (hazard ratio [HR] 5.24) and plasma insulin were significantly associated with diabetes incidence at the youngest age (18–29 years); black race, BMI, and glucose at age 30–39 years; female sex, parental diabetes (HR 2.44), BMI, ratio of triglycerides and HDL cholesterol (TG/HDL-C ratio), and glucose at age 40–50 years; and black race, parental diabetes (HR 2.44), BMI, TG/HDL-C ratio, and glucose in whole cohort. Further, patients with diabetes, regardless of age onset, displayed a significantly higher prevalence of maternal history of diabetes at baseline (P &lt; 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS
In relatively young adults, predictability of baseline cardiometabolic risk factors along with race, sex, and parental history of diabetes for the onset of type 2 diabetes varied by age-group. These findings have implications for early prevention and intervention in relatively young adults.
Impact of Insulin Resistance on HCV Treatment Response and Impact of HCV Treatment on Insulin Sensitivity Using Direct Measurements of Insulin Action
Authors: Brandman Danielle , Bacchetti Peter , Ayala Claudia E. , Maher Jacquelyn J. , Khalili Mandana 
Published: March 2012

OBJECTIVE
Insulin resistance, as measured by surrogate markers, is associated with lower response to hepatitis C virus (HCV) therapy and may improve with HCV eradication. We prospectively evaluated the impact of directly measured insulin resistance and abnormal glucose metabolism on achieving sustained virologic response (SVR) with HCV therapy and assessed whether SVR results in improved insulin sensitivity and fasting glucose.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
A total of 50 noncirrhotic, nondiabetic, HCV-infected patients (27 untreated, 23 treated with pegylated interferon/ribavirin, nonrandomized) underwent clinical and histologic evaluation and 75-g oral glucose tolerance test. Insulin sensitivity was assessed directly with insulin suppression test by measuring steady-state plasma glucose (SSPG) concentration during a 240-min infusion of octreotide, glucose, and insulin. Of the subjects, 43 had at least one follow-up evaluation.

RESULTS
Patient characteristics were median age 48, 57% male, and 52% white. SVR was achieved in 61% (14 of 23) of treated subjects. SVR was independently associated with HCV genotypes 2 and 3 (odds ratio 8.8 [95% CI 1.2–61.7]) but was not strongly associated with insulin sensitivity. When controlling for elapsed time between measurements, being on interferon, and BMI, SSPG decreased by 36 mg/dL (−88 to 16) in those with SVR and decreased by 28 mg/dL (−93 to 38) in those without SVR, compared with the untreated group. BMI (coefficient 9.1 per 5 units; 95% CI 5.3–12.9) and interferon use (coefficient 56; 95% CI 6.8–105) were associated with SSPG.

CONCLUSIONS
Insulin resistance does not appear to be strongly associated with SVR. HCV therapy may improve insulin resistance regardless of virologic response; however, BMI and interferon use were clearly associated with insulin resistance.
Cardiometabolic Risk Profiles and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Individuals With Prediabetes Identified by Fasting Glucose, Postchallenge Glucose, and Hemoglobin A1c Criteria
Authors: Marini Maria A. , Succurro Elena , Castaldo Ersilia , Cufone Sabrina , Arturi Franco , Sciacqua Angela , Lauro Renato , Hribal Marta L. , Perticone Francesco , Sesti Giorgio 
Published: March 2012

OBJECTIVE
We evaluated whether cardiometabolic risk profiles differ for subjects identified as having prediabetes by A1C, fasting glucose (FPG), or 2-h postchallenge glucose (2-PG) criteria.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Atherosclerosis risk factors, oral glucose tolerance test, and ultrasound measurement of carotid intima–media thickness (IMT) were analyzed in 780 nondiabetic individuals.

RESULTS
Poor agreement existed for A1C and FPG criteria for identification of subjects with prediabetes (κ coefficient = 0.332). No differences in cardiometabolic risk profiles were observed among the three groups of individuals with prediabetes by A1C only, FPG only, and both A1C and FPG. Poor agreement also existed for A1C and 2-PG criteria for identification of individuals with prediabetes (κ coefficient = 0.299). No significant differences in cardiometabolic risk factors were observed between IGT-only and individuals with prediabetes by A1C and 2-PG. Compared with subjects with prediabetes identified by A1C only, IGT-only individuals exhibited a worse cardiometabolic risk profile, with significantly higher systolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, 2-h postchallenge insulin, triglycerides, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and carotid IMT, and lower HDL cholesterol levels and insulin sensitivity.

CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest that considerable discordance between A1C, FPG, and 2-PG exists for the identification of individuals with prediabetes and that the cardiometabolic risk profile of these individuals varies by metabolic parameter, with 2-PG showing the stronger association with cardiometabolic risk factors and subclinical atherosclerosis than FPG or A1C.
Preconcentration procedures for the determination of chromium using atomic spectrometric techniques: A review
Authors: Zhao Xiaowei , Song Naizhong , Zhou Weihong , Jia Qiong 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
Chromium is one of the regulated toxic metals in the environment. Naturally, this element exists mainly in two oxidation: Cr(III) and Cr(VI). In general, Cr(VI) is more toxic than Cr(III). Cr(VI) affects human physiology, accumulates in the food chain and causes severe health problems ranging from simple skin irritation to lung carcinoma. Hence, the determination of chromium traces as well as its speciation in environmental samples is a very important task. In recent years, several preconcentration methods such as coprecipitation, liquid-liquid extraction, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, cloud point extraction, and solid phase extraction have been developed and widely used. The aim of this study is to review the recent literature (mainly last 5 years) on the preconcentration technologies those have been used in chromium removal before the determination step by atomic spectrometric techniques. Their advantages and limitations in application are also evaluated.
Aflatoxin species: their health effects and determination methods in different foodstuffs
Authors: Bakırdere Sezgin , Bora Selin , Bakırdere E. , Aydın Fırat , Arslan Yasin , Komesli O. , Aydın Işıl , Yıldırım Emrah 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
Carcinogenic and mutagenic properties of aflatoxin species are known in literature. Their intake over a long time period might be health-dangerous for human even at trace levels. It is well known that different foodstuffs can be contaminated by aflatoxin species through growing and storage. Due to the serious health effects, sensitive determination of aflatoxin species in any matrices related with the human being is very crucial at trace levels. In literature, there are sensitive techniques to analyze the different samples for the contents of their aflatoxin species. Each technique has some advantages and disadvantages over the other techniques. This review aims to summarize the different health effects of aflatoxin species, development of analytical techniques and applications of developed techniques in a variety of matrices.
Removal of ammonia emissions from waste air in a biotrickling filter: pilot-scale demonstration in real conditions
Authors: Zápotocký Luboš , Šváb Marek 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
This study was aimed at testing the possibility of using a biotrickling filter for the treatment of waste air resulting from animal farming. For this purpose, a laboratory and pilot biotrickling filter with a moving bed were constructed. In the first case, the removal of ammonia emissions from waste air, by means of ammonia nitrogen utilization by present micro-organisms under laboratory conditions, was tested. The mass load of the biotrickling filter was gradually increased by slowly increasing the ammonia concentration. In the second case, the pilot biotrickling filter with a moving bed was installed inside a pig farm and it was tested under real operation conditions. In the first case, the highest value of the laboratory biotrickling filter’s elimination capacity was 6.2 gNH3 m−3 of filling h−1. The elimination capacity of the pilot filter was 1.6 gNH3 m−3 of filling h−1. The source of carbon for the present micro-organisms was a 1% sucrose solution, which simulated waste water with high content of CODCR. [
New serinolic amino-s-triazines by chemoselective amination of cyanuric chloride and their (pro)diastereomerism in restricted rotational phenomena
Authors: Moldovan Oana , Lameiras Pedro , Henon Eric , Popa Flavia , Martinez Agathe , Harakat Dominique , Sacalis Carmen , Ramondenc Yvan , Darabantu Mircea 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
The highly chemoselective preparation of new elaborated N-unsymmetrically substituted chlorodiamino-s-triazines and melamines, seen as building-blocks for iterative synthesis, is reported. It consisted of amination of cyanuric chloride with commercial C-2-substituted 2-aminopropane-1,3-diols (“serinols”), playing the role as “open-chain” unit and enantiopure (1S,2S)-2-amino-1-(4-nitrophenyl)propane-1,3-diols (“p-nitrophenylserinols”) based amino-1,3-dioxanes (“closed-chain” unit). Issued from the restricted rotation about C(s-triazine)-N(exocyclic) partial double bonds, seen as axes of (pro)diastereomerism, a global four-component rotational equilibrium involving the title compounds is discussed based on DFT computation and (VT) NMR data. Depending on π-deficiency of the s-triazine core, an (un)synchronised deblocking of the generated rotational diastereomers was observed. They are discussed as influence of intra-vs. intermolecular NH...OH (dynamic) interactions occurring in the “open-chain” unit and the anancomeric, axial vs. equatorial, amino-anchorage of the “closed-chain” unit.
The photocatalytic degradation of 17α-ethynylestradiol by pure and carbon nanotubes modified TiO2 under UVC illumination
Authors: Kralchevska Radina , Milanova Maria , Bistan Mirjana , Pintar Albin , Todorovsky Dimitar 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
Commercial product Degussa TiO2 P25, sol-gel produced TiO2 and TiO2 modified by carbon nanotubes addition (5% of the TiO2 mass) are tested as photocatalysts for the degradation of endocrine disrupting compound 17α-ethynylestradiol (1 µM aqueous solution). The molecular and crystal structure, phase composition, crystallite size, specific surface area, pore average diameter, their area and volume distribution, morphology, IR and UV/Vis spectra of the catalysts are characterized. HPLC is used for estrogen analysis. The sorption ability and photocatalytic activity (measured by degradation rate constant and percentage of the pollutant conversion) of the catalysts under UV (17 W, emission maximum at 254 nm) irradiation is determined. Full destruction of the pollutant is reached after 30 min irradiation in presence of Degussa P25. The performance of some of the catalysts is compared with literature data for their activity under 365 nm-illumination.
Spectroscopic and magnetic properties of Cu(II) complexes with selected biologically important ligands
Authors: Świsłocka Renata , Kalinowska Monika , Ferenc Wiesława , Sarzyński Jan , Lewandowski Włodzimierz 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the spectroscopic and magnetic properties of copper(II) o-, m-, p-aminobenzoates, o-, m-, p-methoxybenzoates and o-, m- and p-nitrobenzoates. The complexes were synthesized and their compositions were evaluated by elementary analysis. The infrared and Raman spectra for Cu(II) aminobenzoates, methoxybenzoates and nitrobenzoates were recorded and assigned. The obtained data were compared with those previously published for aminobenzoic, methoxybenzoic and nitrobenzoic acids and their sodium salts. The structures of Cu(II) o-, m-, p-aminobenzoates, o-, m-, p-methoxybenzoates and o-, m- and p-nitrobenzoates as well as the change in the electronic charges distribution caused by Cu(II) complex formation were discussed.
Distal trisomy 10q24 due to maternal 10;22 translocation, third case in the same family
Authors: Tasdemir Pelin , Zamani Ayse , Demirel Sennur , Acar Aynur 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
Distal trisomy 10q is a well delineated but a rare syndrome with characteristic phenotypic features. We present clinical and cytogenetic data on a 7 day-old girl with distal 10q trisomy (10q24→qter), due to maternal t(10;22) reciprocal translocation. Her karyotype showed an unbalanced translocation between chromosomes 10 and 22, resulting in trisomy of the distal part of the long arm of chromosome 10q24.
Cross-cultural Adaptation and Measurement Properties of an Italian Version of the Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI)
Authors: Cacchio Angelo , Paoloni Marco , Griffin Sharon H. , Rosa Francesco , Properzi Gianfranco , Padua Luca , Padua Roberto , Carnelli Franco , Calvisi Vittorio , Santilli Valter 
Published: March 2012

Study Design Clinical measurement study. Objectives To translate and cross-culturally adapt the Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI) into Italian, and to evaluate its measurement properties in patients with shoulder instability secondary to a first-time traumatic anterior dislocation. Background The WOSI was developed for English-speaking patients. To date, no Italian version of the WOSI exists. Methods The WOSI was cross-culturally adapted to Italian according to established guidelines. Sixty-four (16 women, 48 men) patients with unilateral shoulder anterior instability were prospectively recruited for the purposes of this study. Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, construct validity, and responsiveness of the WOSI were evaluated. Results The Italian version of the WOSI showed a high degree of internal consistency, with a Cronbach alpha of .93 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.91, 0.96). The test-retest reliability was high for both short-term (3 days, 64 patients) and medium-term (14 weeks, 20 patients) test-retest, with intraclass correlation coefficients of 0.95 (95% CI: 0.90, 0.97) and 0.92 (95% CI: 0.89, 0.95), respectively. The WOSI was more closely correlated to the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire than to the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (r = 0.794 and 0.113, respectively). The receiver-operating-characteristic curve analysis revealed that the WOSI was more responsive than the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire (P = .03), with an area under the curve of 0.90 (95% CI: 0.78, 0.97) for the WOSI and 0.76 (95% CI: 0.61, 0.88) for the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire. Conclusion The Italian version of the WOSI is a valid, reliable, and responsive tool that can be used to measure function in Italian-speaking patients with shoulder instability due to a first-time traumatic anterior dislocation. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2012;42(6):559–567, Epub 8 March 2012. doi:10.2519/jospt.2012.3827
Current Concepts for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Criterion-Based Rehabilitation Progression
Authors: Adams Douglas , Logerstedt David , Hunter-Giordano Airelle , Axe Michael J. , Snyder-Mackler Lynn 
Published: March 2012

Synopsis The management of patients after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction should be evidence based. Since our original published guidelines in 1996, successful outcomes have been consistently achieved with the rehabilitation principles of early weight bearing, using a combination of weight-bearing and non-weight-bearing exercise focused on quadriceps and lower extremity strength, and meeting specific objective requirements for return to activity. As rehabilitative evidence and surgical technology and procedures have progressed, the original guidelines should be revisited to ensure that the most up-to-date evidence is guiding rehabilitative care. Emerging evidence on rehabilitative interventions and advancements in concomitant surgeries, including those addressing chondral and meniscal injuries, continues to grow and greatly affect the rehabilitative care of patients with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. The aim of this article is to update previously published rehabilitation guidelines, using the most recent research to reflect the most current evidence for management of patients after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. The focus will be on current concepts in rehabilitation interventions and modifications needed for concomitant surgery and pathology. Level of Evidence Therapy, level 5. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2012;42(7):601–614, Epub 8 March 2012. doi:10.2519/jospt.2012.3871
Referral Source and Outcomes of Physical Therapy Care in Patients With Low Back Pain
Authors: Brooks Gary , Dolphin Michelle , Vanbeveren Patrick , Hart Dennis L. 
Published: March 2012

Study Design Retrospective longitudinal cohort. Objectives To describe the clinical characteristics of patients with low back pain according to physician referral source, and to identify associations between referral source and discharge functional status, as well as number of physical therapy visits. Background Little is known about associations between physician referral source and outcomes of physical therapy care for patients with low back pain. Exploring these associations can contribute to better understanding of physician-physical therapist relationships and may lead to improved referral patterns. Methods Data from a proprietary clinical database were examined retrospectively. Physician referral source was classified as primary care, specialist, or occupational medicine. Outcomes were overall health status at discharge and number of physical therapy visits. Descriptive statistics and bivariate associations between referral source and each outcome were assessed by calculating differences and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in means and proportions. To account for potential confounding, multilevel linear regression was used to adjust for baseline clinical covariates, effects related to clustering of patients treated by individual clinicians, and clinicians working within individual clinics. Results Bivariate and multilevel analyses revealed significant associations between referral source and discharge overall health status, as well as number of visits. After multilevel adjustment for covariate and clustering effects, primary care and occupational medicine referrals were associated, on average, with point increases of 1.6 (95% CI: 0.7, 2.6) and 4.8 (95% CI: 2.7, 6.9) in discharge overall health status scores, respectively, compared to specialist referral. Similarly, primary care and occupational medicine referrals were associated, on average, with 0.44 (95% CI: 0.27, 0.61) and 0.83 (95% CI: 0.44, 1.22) fewer visits, respectively, compared to specialist referral. Conclusion After accounting for clinical covariates and clustering, patients with low back pain who were referred by occupational medicine and primary care physicians tended to have better functional outcomes and required fewer physical therapy visits per episode of care. Level of Evidence Prognosis, level 2c. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2012;42(8):705–715, Epub 8 March 2012. doi:10.2519/jospt.2012.3957