bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The flaring activity of blazar AO 0235+164 in 2021
Authors: Escudero Pedrosa Juan , Agudo Iván , Moritz Till , Marscher Alan P. , Jorstad Svetlana , Tramacere Andrea , Casadio Carolina , Thum Clemens , Myserlis Ioannis , Sievers Albrecht , Otero-Santos Jorge , Morcuende Daniel , López-Coto Rubén , D’Ammando Filippo , Bonnoli Giacomo , Gurwell Mark , Gómez José Luis , Rao Ramprasad , Keating Garrett 
Published: June 2024

Context. The blazar AO 0235+164, located at redshift z = 0.94, has displayed interesting and repeating flaring activity in the past, with recent episodes in 2008 and 2015. In 2020, the source brightened again, starting a new flaring episode that peaked in 2021.
Aims. We study the origin and properties of the 2021 flare in relation to previous studies and the historical behavior of the source, in particular the 2008 and 2015 flaring episodes.
Methods.We analyzed the multiwavelength photo-polarimetric evolution of the source. From Very Long Baseline Array images, we derived the kinematic parameters of new components associated with the 2021 flare. We used this information to constrain a model for the spectral energy distribution of the emission during the flaring period. We propose an analytical geometric model to test whether the observed wobbling of the jet is consistent with precession.
Results. We report the appearance of two new components that are ejected in a different direction than previously, confirming the wobbling of the jet. We find that the direction of ejection is consistent with that of a precessing jet. Our derived period agrees with the values commonly found in the literature. Modeling of the spectral energy distribution further confirms that the differences between flares can be attributed to geometrical effects.
A baseline on the relation between chemical patterns and the birth stellar cluster
Authors: Signor T. , Jofré P. , Martí L. , Sánchez-Pi N. 
Published: June 2024

Context. The chemical composition of a star’s atmosphere reflects the chemical composition of its birth environment. Therefore, it should be feasible to recognize stars born together that have scattered throughout the galaxy, solely based on their chemistry. This concept, known as “strong chemical tagging”, is a major objective of spectroscopic studies, but it has yet to yield the anticipated results.
Aims. We assess the existence and the robustness of the relation between chemical abundances and the birthplace using known member stars of open clusters.
Methods. We followed a supervised machine learning approach, using chemical abundances obtained from APOGEE DR17, observed open clusters as labels, and different data preprocessing techniques.
Results. We find that open clusters can be recovered with any classifier and on data whose features are not carefully selected. In the sample with no field stars, we obtain an average accuracy of 75.2% and we find that the prediction accuracy mostly depends on the uncertainties of the chemical abundances. When field stars outnumber the cluster members, the performance degrades.
Conclusions. Our results show the difficulty of recovering birth clusters using chemistry alone, even in a supervised scenario. This clearly challenges the feasibility of strong chemical tagging. Nevertheless, including information about ages could potentially enhance the possibility of recovering birth clusters.
Interprofessionelles Arbeiten
Authors: Best Norman , Felmerer Gunther 
Published: June 2024

Liebe Kolleginnen und Kollegen,die Zeit des Landarztes, der die Angina tonsillaris behandelte, das Nachbarskind mit
zur Welt brachte und ausgerenkte Kniescheiben und Schultergelenke reponierte, sind
in Deutschland weitestgehend vorbei. Man sagt, dass sich das Wissen in der Medizin
alle drei Jahre verdoppelt. Es ist deswegen folgerichtig, dass spezialisierte
Fachrichtungen entstehen und selbst innerhalb dieser Fachrichtungen, die gesamte
fachliche Expertise häufig nicht von einer Person vorgehalten werden kann.
Determining the Risk Factors for Anastomotic Stricture Development after Esophageal Atresia Repair: Results from the Turkish Esophageal Atresia Registry
Authors: Öztorun Can İhsan , Ulukaya Durakbaşa Çiğdem , Soyer Tutku , Özcan Coşkun , Fırıncı Binali , Demirel Berat Dilek , Çiftçi İlhan , Parlak Ayşe , Öztan Mustafa Onur , Göllü Bahadır Gülnur , Akkoyun İbrahim , Karaman Ayşe , Gül Cengiz , Şalcı Gül , İlhan Hüseyin , Oral Akgün , Özcan Rahşan , Özaydın Seyithan , Kılıç Şeref Selçuk , Kıyan Gürsu , Erdem Ali Onur , Uzunlu Osman , Yıldız Abdullah , Özçakır Esra , Ertürk Nazile , Erginel Başak , Öztaş Tülin , Atıcı Ahmet , Mert Mehmet , Samsum Hakan , Özen Mehmet Ali , Aydın Emrah , Sancar Serpil 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Introduction Anastomotic stricture (AS) is the second most common complication after esophageal atresia (EA) repair. We aimed to evaluate the data in the Turkish Esophageal Atresia Registry to determine the risk factors for AS development after EA repair in a large national cohort of patients.
Methods The data between 2015 and 2021 were evaluated. Patients were enrolled into two groups according to the occurrence of AS. Patients with AS (AS group) and without AS (non-AS group) were compared according to demographic and operative features, postoperative intubation status, and postoperative complications, such as anastomotic leaks, fistula recanalization, and the presence of gastroesophageal reflux (GER). A multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to define the risk factors for the development of AS after EA repair.
Results Among the 713 cases, 144 patients (20.19%) were enrolled into the AS group and 569 (79.81%) in the non-AS group. The multivariable logistic regression showed that, being a term baby (odds ratio [OR]: 1.706; p = 0.006), having a birth weight over 2,500 g (OR: 1.72; p = 0.006), presence of GER (OR: 5.267; p < 0.001), or having a recurrent tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF, OR: 4.363; p = 0.006) were the risk factors for the development of AS.
Conclusions The results of our national registry demonstrate that 20% of EA patients developed AS within their first year of life. In patients with early primary anastomosis, birth weight greater than 2,500 g and presence of GER were risk factors for developing AS. When patients with delayed anastomosis were included, in addition to the previous risk factors, being a term baby, and having recurrent TEF also became risk factors.
Level of Evidence III.
Lymphatic Patterns in the Superficial Circumflex Iliac Artery Perforator Flap
Authors: Campos José Luis , Suominen Sinikka , Pons Gemma , Al-Sakkaf Ali M. , Lusetti Irene Laura , Sirota Max , Vela Francisco Javier , Pires Laura , Sánchez-Margallo Francisco Miguel , Abellán Elena , Masiá Jaume 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background Lymphedema is a chronic condition, characterized by fluid buildup and tissue swelling and is caused by impairment of the lymphatic system. The lymph interpositional flap transfer technique, in which lymph flow is restored with a flap that includes subdermal lymphatic channels, is an option for surgical reconstruction. The superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator (SCIP) flap can be used for this purpose. This study aimed to describe and characterize the lymphatic patterns within the vascular territory of the SCIP flap.
Methods This cross-sectional multicenter study involved 19 healthy volunteers aged ≥18 years of both sexes assessing the bilateral SCIP flap zone. Superficial lymphatic patterns were evaluated at 4-, 14-, and 24 minutes after indocyanine green (ICG) lymphography injection. Standardized procedures were implemented for all participants in both hospitals.
Results The linear pattern was predominant bilaterally. The median number of lymphatic vessels and their length increased over time. Most lymphatic vessels in the SCIP flap were oriented toward the inguinal lymph node (ILN). However, the left SCIP zone lymphatic vessels were directed opposite to the ILN.
Conclusion The two sides SCIP zones were not significantly different. The primary direction of the bilateral lymphatic vessels was toward the ILN, although only single-side lymphatic vessels were in the opposite direction. These findings emphasize the importance of assessing lymphatic axiality and coherent lymphatic patterns prior to undertaking the SCIP as an interposition flap, to ensure effective restoration of lymphatic flow.
Memory complaint in a middle-income country: a four-year longitudinal study in a cohort with low-education
Authors: Pereira Marcos Leandro , Caramelli Paulo , Sá Vannessa Marinara de , Rocha Paulo Henrique Martins , Oliveira João Pedro Gomes de , Amorim Rafael Pereira de , Silva Elvis Vieira da , Delboni Vinícius Slonsky , Barbosa Maira Tonidandel , Miranda Luís Felipe José Ravic de , de Souza Leonardo Cruz 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background Memory complaints are frequent in older adults and are associated with higher risk of cognitive decline.
Objective To investigate the functional outcome of individuals with memory complaints followed up at primary care centers.
Methods Data were collected between 2016 e 2020 in primary health care centers in Brazil. Patients underwent the Brief Cognitive Screening Battery, and the Functional Activities Questionnaire.
Results The initial sample (2016) comprised 91 individuals classified into those with subjective cognitive decline (SCD, n = 15), mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n = 45), or dementia (n = 31). During follow-up, 8 individuals (8.8% of the initial sample) died and 26 (28.5% of the initial sample) were not found. Fifty-seven participants underwent clinical reassessment. Of 15 individuals with SCD, 7 were not found (46.7%), 4 (26.7%) progressed to MCI, and 4 (26.7%) remained stable. Of 45 individuals with MCI, 11 were not found (24.4%), 2 (4.4%) died, 6 (13.4%) progressed to dementia, 12 (26.7%) regressed to SCD, and 14 (31.1%) remained stable. Of 31 individuals with dementia, 8 were not found (25.8%), 6 (19.4%) died, 2 (6.5%) regressed to SCD, 7 (22.6%) regressed to MCI, and 8 remained stable (25.8%). Clinical improvement was due to the treatment of reversible causes, such as B12 hypovitaminosis and mood disorders. Older age, lower Mini-Mental State Examination, and higher scores of memory complaint, but not the use of benzodiazepines and of proton pump inhibitors, were predictors of functional status.
Conclusion Despite their limits (short sample size, missing data), these results support the idea that adequate screening, follow-up, and treatment of reversible causes of dementia in primary care are essential.
How to reach external citizens? Comparing varieties of transnational party infrastructure
Authors: Favero Adrian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWith a growing number of citizens living abroad, incentives and strategies to reach diasporas have become increasingly important for political actors. National political parties respond to new competitive transnational environments and engage with citizens living outside their country of origin. However, compared to traditional national party organisations, we know little about parties going abroad and what affects varieties in transnational instruments. To address this question, I compare transnational infrastructures of all parliamentary parties in Switzerland, Germany and Austria. By examining official party documents and information from party secretaries and representatives, I evaluate how parties reach external citizens and analyse factors that correspond with their organisational models. I find that internet voting from abroad does not increase the scope and extent of the analysed parties’ physical infrastructure, whereas the ability to donate correlates with more investment into formal party branches abroad. In addition, I argue that larger institutionalised parties are more likely to invest in formal transnational infrastructure, and that left–right wing ideology and populism have little impact on organisational models across the selected countries.
University Networks for Higher Education Quality Development: Between Mutual Trust and Control
Authors: Pohlenz Philipp , Berndt Sarah , Hartmann Johnny 
Published: June 2024

AbstractUniversity networks have become a common approach to the implementation of projects in the field of higher education quality development. In a management environment that is generally driven by competition rather than by cooperation, establishing networks seems paradoxical at first sight since they require mutual trust and reciprocal openness with regard to the strengths, weaknesses, and previous experiences of the participating partners. At second sight, however, forming networks can also turn out to be rational since not all competencies necessary to pursue relevant development goals (e.g. diversity, digitalisation, quality enhancement) are available at all institutions. Joining forces increases the capabilities of all partners, provided that the organisational shape of the network contributes to trustful and mutually beneficial cooperation. The present paper explores the determinants of the successful establishment of university networks. It draws on cross-sectional data from a German nationwide survey of 160 respondents from 62 university networks operating in the field of higher education quality development. Structural equation modelling is employed to research the relationships between reciprocity and control as seemingly competing principles.
Ontological vs. societal security: same difference or distinct concepts?
Authors: Floyd Rita 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOntological security and the Copenhagen school’s societal security are both concerned with identity. While, the existing literature on ontological security has made use of the Copenhagen school’s concept of securitization, the linkage between societal and ontological security is unclear. Are they different, or does one subsume the other? This article uses the case of majority fears of minority threats to examine the difference between the two concepts. The article shows that the two are distinct—albeit complementary—concepts that explain different things in the security–identity nexus. Securitization theory explains that majorities sometimes designate minorities a threat to their chosen collective identity, while ontological security explains why individual persons—who possess multiple identities—assent to that securitization, including by agreeing to it as audiences, or by requesting it of powerful elites. The article goes on to examine the implications of this ‘ontological–societal security node’ for policymakers and practitioners.
High-k turbulence characteristics in density modulation experiments of EAST
Authors: Chen F. , Li P. , Li Y. D. , Wang X. J. , Wu G. J. , Geng J. S. , Wang Y. H. , Sun N. , Sun P. J. , Wang M. , Ding B. J. , Wu C. B. , Li E. Z. , Zhou T. F. , Zhao H. L. , Zang Q. , Wang S. X. , Liu H. Q. , Jin Y. F. , Lyu B. , Li J. G. 
Published: June 2024

High-k turbulence (1 &lt; kθρs &lt; 5) spectrograms have been directly measured in density modulation experiments of the EAST tokamak using the collective Thomson scattering diagnostic system. Density-peaking modulation is achieved in Lower Hybrid Wave (LHW) modulation experiments, revealing that the broadband turbulence is sensitive to the power modulation of LHW and the concomitant variation of density-peaking. Additionally, the contributions of 2.45/4.6 GHz LHW to density peaking differ when Neutral Beam Injection (NBI) is on/off, displaying distinct responses of broadband turbulence in low/high frequency ranges. It is found by cross-coherence analysis that the phase angle is negative in cases without NBI, while in NBI cases it can be modulated from negative to positive, indicating a significant transition of radial turbulence propagation. These findings highlight the active control of density-peaking via auxiliary heating in tokamak plasmas and suggest the potential role of high-k turbulence in density-peaking modulation.
Josephson weak link based on proximity effect in long bi-metallic thin-film bridge
Authors: Turutanov O. G. , Sivakov A. G. , Pokhila A. S. , Grajcar M. 
Published: June 2024

We prepared a bi-metal Sn/Al thin film bridge of 1 × 5 µm2 in size and exposed it to microwave irradiation in a frequency range of 7 to 40 GHz to explore the Shapiro steps in the current-voltage characteristics, which served as a reliable indicator for assessing current-phase relation (CPR). The measurements were made in the temperature range (0.89 … 0.99)Tc with Tc = 3.66 K. No fractional steps are observed at 10 GHz, while all integer steps are present, and their widths oscillate with microwave field amplitude, which suggests a non-skewed quasi-sine CPR. Therefore, the normal-metal covering alters the resistive state of the long thin-film strip containing phase-slip centers so that the bi-metallic long bridge exhibits characteristics similar to a Josephson weak link. Considering a simple fabrication procedure, it may be utilized in making Josephson-effect-based devices such as DC and RF SQUIDs, especially in low-budget projects. Additional small-scale oscillations of the step widths found between the main peaks and the missing first step at a higher frequency of 20 GHz near Tc may be associated with Landau–Zener transitions between Andreev states and require further detailed study.
Increasing the target specificity of the canid-pest ejector for red fox (Vulpes vulpes) control by using a collar to exclude larger canids
Authors: Young Lauren I. , Skinner Kirsten , Tyne John , Edwards Glenn 
Published: June 2024

Context Canid-pest ejectors (CPEs) offer a compromise between broadscale free-baiting programs that can have non-target impacts and more target-specific methods such as trapping and shooting, which are inefficient across larger scales. CPEs target wild canids, such as red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and wild dogs (Canis spp.). However, there are situations where red fox control is required, but the risk to non-target canids, such as dingoes and other dogs, prevents the use of broadscale baiting. Aims We field-trialled and refined a collar for the CPE that was designed to allow red foxes to trigger CPEs, but prevent dingoes and medium–large-sized dogs from doing so. Methods We deployed uncollared and collared CPEs paired with camera-traps across two study areas in central Australia, and assessed which taxa triggered CPEs and whether the activity rates, behaviour and CPE triggering rates of five taxa (red foxes, wild dogs, feral cats (Felis catus), corvids (Corvus spp.), and varanids (Varanus spp.)) differed between CPEs with and those without collars. Key results With a simple modification to our original collar design, a red fox was able to trigger collared CPEs. Collared CPEs were triggered by wild dogs when they were set with the bait head 1 cm below the rim of the collar, but not when they were set with the bait head at 2 cm below the rim. Uncollared CPEs were triggered by wild dogs (97.03% of triggers), red foxes (1.98%) and corvids (0.99%). Activity rates of the study taxa towards CPEs did not differ between collared and uncollared CPEs. However, behavioural analyses suggested that red foxes and wild dogs showed more caution around collared CPEs. Conclusions We present proof-of-concept that deploying CPEs inside a collar increases the target specificity of this device by excluding wild dogs, while allowing red foxes to access the bait head. However, our data suggest that the addition of a collar may reduce interaction rates of red foxes and wild dogs with CPEs. Implications The collared CPE provides a control method for red foxes that reduces the risk to dingoes and other medium–large-sized dogs and may allow for greater landholder participation in red fox management.
Exploring the construct of interactional competence in different types of oral communication assessment
Authors: Vo Sonca 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Research on interaction in speaking assessment suggests that both verbal and nonverbal interaction are integral parts of
the construct of interactional competence (Galaczi & Taylor, 2018; Plough et al., 2018; Young, 2011). However, little has been done to
investigate which features significantly contribute to interactional competence scores. This study, therefore, examined which interaction
features that raters noticed in individual scripted interview and paired discussion tasks to gain an insight into the interactional
competence construct, providing validity evidence for an inclusion of interactional competence in speaking assessment. Sixty-eight student
performances were rated based on interaction rating scales. Exploratory factor analysis revealed four factors: nonverbal communication,
topic management, interactional management, and interactive listening. Logistic regressions showed that while raters attended to more topic
management features in the individual scripted interview task, they noticed more interactional management features in the paired discussion
task. Simple regressions showed that nonverbal communication and topic management features predicted interactional competence scores in the
individual scripted interview task, whereas nonverbal communication, topic management, interactional management, and interactive listening
features were predictors of scores in the paired discussion task. The findings suggest that both nonverbal and verbal interaction features
are important in the interactional competence construct with the paired task providing test-takers with more opportunities to demonstrate
their interactional ability.
Delineating the field of language evolution research
Authors: Hartmann Stefan , Wacewicz Sławomir , Ravignani Andrea , Valente Daria , Rodrigues Evelina Daniela , Asano Rie , Jadoul Yannick 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Research on language evolution is an established subject area yet permeated by terminological controversies about
which topics should be considered pertinent to the field and which not. By consequence, scholars focusing on language evolution
struggle in providing precise demarcations of the discipline, where even the very central notions of evolution and language are
elusive. We aimed at providing a data-driven characterisation of language evolution as a field of research by relying on
quantitative analysis of data drawn from 697 reviews on 255 submissions from the Joint Conference on Language Evolution 2022
(Kanazawa, Japan). Our results delineate a field characterized by a core of main research topics such as iconicity, sign language,
multimodality. Despite being explored within the framework of language evolution research, only very recently these topics became
popular in linguistics. As a result, language evolution has the potential to emerge as a forefront of linguistic research,
bringing innovation to the study of language. We also see the emergence of more recent topics like rhythm, music, and vocal
learning. Furthermore, the community identifies cognitive science, primatology, archaeology, palaeoanthropology, and genetics as
key areas, encouraging empirical rather than theoretical work. With new themes, models, and methodologies emerging, our results
depict an intrinsically multidisciplinary and evolving research field, likely adapting as language itself.