bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation of silicon oxycarbide ceramic fiber membranes for thermal insulation
Authors: Shi Yu , Cao Lei , Zhang Zhuoqing , Hua Lingwen , Zhang Xing 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Lightweight thermal insulation materials are of critical importance for vehicle safety within the aerospace industry. In this study, polysiloxane fiber membranes were prepared by electrospinning, which was further pyrolyzed at 1000°C for an hour to obtain silicon oxycarbide (SiOC) ceramic fiber membranes, which contained SiOC fibers with the diameters of 1.03 ± 0.04 μm. In addition, the back temperature of SiOC ceramic fiber membranes with a thickness of 1 mm reached only 375°C after being subjected to 1100°C for 120 seconds, showing excellent thermal insulation capability. Thus, the SiOC ceramic fiber membranes have great potential applications for thermal insulation in the aerospace field.
Research on corrosion wear behavior of connecting bearings made of different steels in suspension bridge suspension system
Authors: Wang Shiyuan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This study aims to investigate the characteristics of corrosion wear behavior of different steel connecting bearings in suspension bridge suspension systems. The corrosion and wear of Q195, Q215, and BC550 steel in the suspension bridge suspension system environment were studied through experimental analysis. Research has found that different steel connecting bearings exhibit different corrosion and wear behaviors in suspension bridge environments. The research results indicate that BC550 steel bearings exhibit strong corrosion resistance. Q195, Q215, and BC550 steels exhibit good wear and corrosion resistance in neutral and alkaline media. In acidic media, the friction and wear mass loss of BC550 steel is the smallest.
A novel RDL structure of improving high-frequency transmission and reliability of FOWLP
Authors: Dai Zehui , Zhu Guanqun 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this paper, an effective structure RDL-GR is proposed to improve the electrical and reliability of the fan-out wafer package (FOWLP) with the addition of a graphene layer on the surface of the Redistribution Layer (RDL), including suppression and modulation of signal delay and crosstalk noise. A modified circuit model is formulated to evaluate the impact of RDL-GR on the transmission characteristics at high frequencies. Subsequently, the validity of the model is verified by utilizing the HFSS. Found on the circuit at high frequencies, the transmission characteristics of the RDL-GR compared to the traditional RDL structure (Tr-RDL) have better performance. At the same time, measurement by Vector Network Analyser (VNA) is carried out and results prove that the maximum error values of S11 and S21 are 1.81% and 1.47%, and make a strong case that S-parameters of RDL-GR for simulation using HFSS are reliable.
Research on surface strengthening of self-propelled cotton picker picking ingot based on thermal coating
Authors: Yang Zhixuan , Sun Wenlei , Jiang Yiming , Tang Wei , Wang Lihong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Xinjiang is the largest cotton-producing region in China, and mechanized cotton picking can reduce labor costs and improve production efficiency. The function of the spindle of the key parts of the cotton picker has a great influence on the picking rate and net rate of cotton. The wear of cotton picking will seriously hinder the process of cotton picking. Molybdenum disulfide, as a coating, can give it excellent wear and corrosion resistance. By analyzing the picking mechanism and failure mode of the spindle, carburizing, tempering heat treatment (quenching + tempering) and hot coating tests were carried out to realize the surface strengthening of the spindle. The surface properties of spindle specimens without superheat treatment and after carburizing and tempering heat treatment and hot coating molybdenum disulfide were compared. Conclusion: After heat treatment and hot coating molybdenum disulfide, the surface hardness and wear resistance of ingot-picking specimens are significantly improved compared with those without thermal treatment.
Energy efficient homes for rodent control across cityscapes
Authors: Gadsden Gabriel I , Ferraro Kristy M , Harris Nyeema C 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Cities spend millions of dollars on rodent mitigation to reduce public health risks. Despite these efforts, infestations remain high and distressing. Rodents thrive in the built environment in part due to reduced natural predators and their exploitation of garbage. Though sanitation and greenspace are important factors in rodent mitigation, more complex governance and actions are needed. Urban rodents are dynamic and commensal in nature, so understanding the influence of prolific urban features, like building attributes, warrants scrutiny and additionally intersects mitigation strategies with stakeholders at a localized level. Here, we model how residential structures’ efficiency influences urban rodent populations. To do so, we created an agent-based model using characteristics of urban brown rats and their natural predator, red foxes, based on three distinct neighborhoods in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. We varied whether retrofitting occurred and its duration as well as the percent of initial energy-efficient homes in each neighborhood. We found that initial housing conditions, retrofitting, and the duration of retrofitting all significantly reduced final rodent populations. However, retrofitting was most effective in reducing rodent populations in neighborhoods with extensive park access and low commercial activity. Additionally, across neighborhoods, single large efficiency initiatives showed greater potential for rodent reduction. Lastly, we show that the costs of large-scale retrofitting schemes are comparable to ten-year public health spending, demonstrating that retrofitting may have the potential to offset near-term costs. Our results showcase how system-view investments in integrated pest management can lead to sustained rodent pest mitigation and advance sustainable development goals, infrastructure innovation (Goal #9), reduced inequalities (Goal #10), and sustainable cities and communities (Goal #11).
Characterizing multi-pollutant emission impacts of sulfur reduction strategies from coal power plants
Authors: Wu Xinran , Holloway Tracey , Meier Paul , Edwards Morgan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Fuel combustion for electricity generation emits a mix of health- and climate-relevant air emissions, with the potential for technology or fuel switching to impact multiple emissions together. While there has been extensive research on the co-benefits of climate policies on air quality improvements, few studies have quantified the effect of air pollution controls on carbon emissions. Here we evaluate three multi-pollutant emission reduction strategies, focused on sulfur dioxide (SO2) controls in the electricity sector. Traditional ‘add-on’ pollution controls like flue gas desulfurization (FGD) reduce SO2 emissions from coal combustion but increase emissions of nitrogen oxides (NO
X
), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), fine particulate matter (PM2.5), and carbon dioxide (CO2) due to heat efficiency loss. Fuel switching from coal to natural gas and renewables potentially reduces all pollutants. We identified 135 electricity generation units (EGUs) without SO2 controls in the contiguous US in 2017 and quantified the unit-level emission changes using pollution control efficiencies, emission rates, fuel heat input, and electricity load. A cost-benefit analysis is conducted, considering pollution control costs, fuel costs, capital and operation and maintenance (O&M) costs, the monetized health benefits from avoided multi-pollutant, and the social cost of carbon as the benefit for carbon reduction. We find that add-on SO2 controls result in an average annual net benefit of $179.3 million (95% CI: $137.5-$221.0 million) per EGU, fuel switching from coal to natural gas, $432.7 million (95% CI: $366.4-$498.9 million) per EGU; and fuel switching from coal to renewable energy sources, $537.9 million (95% CI: $457.1-$618.9 million) per EGU. Our results highlight multi-pollutant emission reduction strategy as a cost-effective way to synergistically control air pollution and mitigate climate change.
Time-optimal state transfer for an open qubit
Authors: Lokutsievskiy L V , Pechen A N , Zelikin M I 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Finding minimal time and establishing the structure of the corresponding optimal controls which can transfer a given initial state of a quantum system into a given target state is a key problem of quantum control. In this work, this problem is solved for a basic component of various quantum technology processes—a qubit interacting with the environment and experiencing an arbitrary time-dependent coherent driving. We rigorously derive both upper and lower estimates for the minimal steering time. Surprisingly, we discover that the optimal controls have a very special form—they consist of two impulses, at the beginning and at the end of the control period, which can be assisted by a smooth time-dependent control in between. Moreover, an important for practical applications explicit almost optimal state transfer protocol is provided which only consists of four impulses and gives an almost optimal time of motion. The results can be directly applied to a variety of experimental situations for estimation of the ultimate limits of state control for quantum technologies.
Wave climate analysis for shoreline management plan in Kelantan, Malaysia
Authors: Yusoff M A M , Al-Qadami E H H , Razi M A M , Wang M , Daud Z H , Mokhtar A , Mahamud M 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Waves climate analysis is of primary concern for several purposes such as maintaining coastal structures, navigation and maritime operations, coastal management, and recreation and tourism. Therefore, understanding the wave climate of a particular region helps in making informed decisions related to coastal and maritime activities, ensuring safety, efficiency, and sustainability. In this paper, wave analysis was conducted for Kelantan State shoreline, Malaysia. The studied shoreline covers around 71 km starting from Pengkalan Kubur to Besut. 5 years data (2014 to 2019) was collected at the location of 6.3N and 102.3E. The analysis was performed under different aspects including, annual wave rose, annual percentage reoccurrence, return period analysis, and closure dept. According to the results, it was found that the predominant waves are coming from the 60 to 90 degrees North sector due to the unlimited fetch in that direction. Besides it was noticed that more than 50% of the waves have periods between 4 to 7 seconds and around 52% have wave heights of less than 1.5m. Also, it was found that the wave depth for a 100-year return period is about 2.75m. Finally, the depth of closure was calculated and found to be 7 m. The outcomes of this study can provide a better understanding of the wave climate along the Kelantan State shoreline and can be used as a reference for future coastal and maritime activities.
The efficiency removal of oil in water (OIW) by application of milliscale air bubbles
Authors: Yusof H A M , Razi M A M , Yusof M F M , Zulkifli N F M , Setiawan M I 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The existing technology for separating oil in water (OIW) can bring harm to the environment, particularly to marine life. A new environmentally friendly technique has been proposed, involving the use of milliscale air bubbles. This study was conducted to determine the suitable retention time for injecting the milliscale air bubbles into the OIW. The significance of this study lies in its ability to separate OIW through a procedure that is environmentally safe and does not impact the ecosystem or marine life. The method used in the study involved mixing palm oil with water on a volumetric hydraulic bench. Retention times of 5 minutes, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, and 60 minutes were used in the study. The results indicated that separating oil in water required a substantial amount of time when utilizing milliscale air bubbles. In this study, a 60-minute retention time exhibited a significant number of separations, producing 512 bubbles compared to 44 bubbles generated in 5 minutes for 200 mL of oil. The longer the retention time, the more bubbles were produced. Overall, milliscale bubbles can effectively be used for the separation of oil in water.
Simultaneous removal of turbidity, suspended solids and chemical oxygen demand from carwash effluent using aluminium electrodes in monopolar mode electrocoagulation
Authors: Muyarip A , Aziz N A A 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The growth of car wash centres across the country increases every year due to the increase in the number of vehicles needed to meet transportation demands for daily affairs. Therefore, there is a concern about releasing carwash wastewater (CWW) into the drainage system and waterways without proper treatment. This is a problem for small and medium enterprises that lack the financial budget to provide a suitable treatment system for a car wash centre. The effects of hazardous contaminant emissions can harm ecology and public health. Electrocoagulation using aluminium (Al) electrodes is expected to replace the use of chemicals in the coagulation system that will leave harmful secondary residues and be expensive in terms of cost. With that, this experimental work was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of electrocoagulation using Al electrodes to eliminate target contaminants such as turbidity, suspended solids (SS), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from CWW. This study involves using Al electrodes arranged in a monopolar manner and connected to a power supply with a maximum current of 2.0 A. CWW samples were collected from car wash centres around Parit Raja, Batu Pahat. Several operating parameters, such as current density, initial pH, and electrocoagulation time, have been selected to determine the optimum conditions for EC treatment methods specifically designed to treat CWW. The results of the study exhibit that the optimum conditions have been determined at a current density of 29 A/m2, CWW initial operating pH of 8 and an electrocoagulation time of 70 minutes to achieve the highest level of uptake for turbidity (91.2% removal), SS (82.7% removal) and COD (64.8% removal). These findings underline the ability of this treatment method to remove targeted contaminants from CWW. This study contributes to developing a treatment technique that is more practical for treating CWW. In addition, this study also has important implications in mitigating water pollution, preventing ecosystem damage, and reducing health-related risks due to improper discharge of CWW.
A Simulation of Flood Hazard Map to Mitigate Heavy ARI Flood in Sungai jijan, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
Authors: Abd-Aziz A Q A , Ridzuan M B , Daud Z , Zakariah Z 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Forests and soils absorb rainwater naturally. New colonies were established without proper environment evaluations in cities and isolated areas. Hydrology analysis uses meteorological data and catchment physical characteristics to estimate discharge in river and drain systems. A few 2D hydrodynamic software, such as HECRAS and ICM, can produce flood hazard maps for urban and river catchments. By combining 1D and 2D modelling, catchments can be fully modeled, including below-ground and above-ground elements. The river and flood plain model have three main components: hydrology, 1D, and 2D models. River and 2D model for flood plain with sub-catchment info imported to create hydrological and hydraulic components. The IFSAR 3D ground model is supplied by the Department of Irrigation and Drainage and offers crucial information for 2D hydraulic analysis. Emphasize accurate ground model data for future service providers. Therefore, the flood area in Sg. Jijan is 2922.316m in current land (CL) for 100 ARI and after future land (FL) 391.185m in 100 ARI. Lastly, the number of houses affected by the flood is 148 houses in 100 ARI future land.
Ability of Ceramic Composite Beads as a Pre-treatment for Laundry Wastewater and Preparation of the Process
Authors: Bakar S A , Nizam N S M , Musa S , Mohamed R M S R , Khamidun M H , Al-Gheethi A 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The escalating demand for laundry services, particularly in university districts, has raised concerns about its impact on biodiversity. The situation becomes even more critical when wastewater is discharged into drainage systems without adequate treatment. This study aimed to enhance laundry wastewater treatment by employing ceramic composite beads using ceramic sanitary ware waste and chitosan. The investigation began by characterizing laundry wastewater to identify its specific attributes. Subsequently, the study quantified the removal of zinc as a metal during the laundry wastewater treatment process. Laundry wastewater characteristics were assessed using various parameters, including pH, chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), and turbidity. The result revealed that the treatment of laundry wastewater with ceramic composite beads adsorbent successfully achieved over 50 % reduction in zinc concentration. These findings showed that the ceramic composite bead exhibited an efficiency for metal removal from the laundry wastewater for safe disposal.
Embodied carbon consideration for maintenance & repair appraisal in heritage building: a review
Authors: Mahmad M S , Suratkon A , Ismail S 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Reducing carbon emissions is critical to mitigating climate change, and the building sector is one of the largest contributors to carbon emissions, accounting for around 39%. Recent evidence has shown that accounting for embodied carbon in life cycle assessment (LCA) could help reduce carbon emissions during the maintenance and repair phase. This paper narratively examines the literature review of embodied carbon considerations in the life cycle assessment (LCA) of historic buildings during the maintenance and repair phase. The search for all previously published articles was conducted in various databases using specific keywords identified as relevant to this study. The results of the database search were summarized and synthesized after review to ensure that the research questions could be met. The results show that considering embodied carbon in the LCA is essential when selecting the maintenance or repair approach taking environmental aspects into account. In addition, this study also highlights the importance of maintenance durability on the amount of embodied carbon consumed during the maintenance and repair phase. Furthermore, the lack of policy and legislation on carbon consideration in heritage conservation is seen as a major challenge in this area. This finding also suggests that there is a lack of interest in this area among policymakers, so this area needs to be studied in depth to address this issue. The study recommends developing a procedure that incorporates embodied carbon consideration into the existing decision-making process for preserving historic buildings. The procedure is intended to help select the best maintenance and repair approach that not only preserves the value of the structure but also results in the lowest possible carbon consumption during the maintenance and repair phase. The developed procedure should be tested and evaluated in a heritage conservation project to convince policy makers that life cycle carbon calculations should be included in the regulations.
Reviewing the benefits to promote sustainable retirement villages in Malaysia
Authors: Julaihi F A , Amat Rais S L , Ejau R L , Husin N I 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Retirement Village is a care retirement community that supports independent living among older adults and is tailored to meet the diverse needs of these older residents. Malaysia is fast approaching becoming an aging country; it is estimated that by 2050, the country’s population aged above 65 will be more than 15 percent, and thus, the demands for older people’ homes are predicted to be on a tremendous rise. Notwithstanding those various studies started gaining traction among researchers, it is still considered a relatively new idea in Malaysia. Along these lines, this paper aims to look at the benefits of social, economic, and environmental aspects of promoting retirement villages in Malaysia through an extensive and intensive literature review. The findings of the study indicate that there are various benefits of a retirement village in terms of the economic value; it is affordable and has lower cost, whereas the social aspect it encourages social interaction which helps to improve health conditions and from the environmental aspect it enhances the quality of life of these older adults. Hence, this study revealed that a retirement village made affordable with a high-quality environment that enhances the residents’ well-being is an ideal living concept that can influence the attitude and willingness of older adults to move into a retirement village.
Analysis of Damage to Residential Buildings Due to Ground Movement Resulting from Man-Made Excavation in Soil Swelling Potential Zone
Authors: Agung P A M , Mustaffa A A , Djamal A , Hasan M F R , Zainorabidin A , Susilo A , Suryo E A 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Sometimes, an activity of open excavation for the basement area of a new infrastructure does not pay attention to the environmental, geological, and geotechnical aspects. The excavation performed on the soil with swelling potential will involve problems during construction implementation. The wrong standard operational procedures will result in environmental damage, including buildings around the construction site. One case occurs in Cikarang, West Java, and is a subject of this study. This research aims to use geotechnical and geosurvey methods to determine the causes of damage in residential areas due to the construction of basement areas in new hotels. The results study found the reduction of a factor of safety (FS) before the excavation process was between 1.20 to 1.40, and after the excavation existed at 0.70 to 0.80. From the field observation, data studied from field and laboratory geotechnical data, and some analysis using the geotechnical software, the damage was caused by the ground movement during the excavation process in the soil with swelling potential. Intensive analysis shows that the deformation due to ground movement reached 3.0 - 9.0 mm using the geotechnical method, close to the actual measurement using the geosurveying method. The final condition is unstable, and some effort is required to recondition.