bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of 6‐Iodo‐2,2′‐dipivaloyloxy‐1,1′‐binaphthyl, a Key Intermediate of High Reactivity for Selective Palladium‐Catalyzed Monofunctionalization of the 1,1′‐Binaphthalene Core.
Authors: Feher Csaba , Urban Bela , Uerge Laszlo , Darvas Ferenc , Bakos Jozsef , Skoda‐Foeldes Rita 
Published: September 2010

AbstractSelective iodination of monoprotected binaphthol derivative (I) followed by protection with pivaloyl chloride affords the title compound (IV) in high yield.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Fluorescence Emission Properties of 1,3,6,8‐Tetrakis(9H‐fluoren‐2‐yl)pyrene Derivative.
Authors: Hu Jian‐yong , Hiyoshi Hidetaka , Do Jung‐Hee , Yamato Takehiko 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe blue fluorescenting title pyrene derivative (IV), synthesized via a Pd‐catalyzed Suzuki coupling reaction of corresponding tetrabromopyrene (II) with dioxoborolane (III), possesses potential application as blue‐emitting material in organic light‐emitting diodes.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective Organocatalytic Direct Conjugate Addition of γ‐Butenolide to Chalcones.
Authors: Zhang Yinan , Yu Chenguang , Ji Yafei , Wang Wei 
Published: September 2010

AbstractUnmodified γ‐butenolide is directly employed as a nucleophile in Michael addition reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: Carbenium Ion Trapping Using Sulfonamides: An Acid‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Pyrrolidines by Intramolecular Hydroamination.
Authors: Griffiths‐Jones Charlotte M. , Knight David W. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe carbenium ions derived in‐situ by triflic acid treatment of homoallylic sulfonamides undergo cyclization to give the corresponding pyrrolidines in good to excellent yield.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective and Stereoselective Copper(I)‐Promoted Allylation and Conjugate Addition of N‐Boc‐2‐lithiopyrrolidine and N‐Boc‐2‐lithiopiperidine.
Authors: Coldham Iain , Leonori Daniele 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe reactions allow formation of 2‐substituted pyrrolidines and piperidines as useful precursors of alkaloids such as norhygrine (IV) and coniine (XVII).
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Synthesis of Highly Functionalized 3‐Spiropyrrolidine/Pyrrolizidine Oxindoles and Acenaphthenones via One‐Pot Four‐Component [3 + 2] Cycloaddition.
Authors: Zhao Kai , Zhu Song‐Lei , Shi Da‐Qing , Xu Xiao‐Ping , Ji Shun‐Jun 
Published: September 2010

AbstractNovel dipolarophiles, prepared in situ by Knoevenagel condensation of cyanoacetylindole (II) and aldehydes, undergo 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition with azomethine ylides derived from diketones and amino acids to yield highly functionalized spiro compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclopropylazetoindolines as Precursors to C(3)‐Quaternary‐Substituted Indolines.
Authors: Espejo Vinson R. , Li Xi‐Bo , Rainier Jon D. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIntroduction of a variety of nucleophiles in (I) is achieved formally via a transformation of (I) into a cyclopropylazetoindoline (II) and its nucleophilic reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Reaction of Ethyl 5‐Acetyl‐3,4‐dihydropyridine‐1(2H)‐carboxylate with Hydrazines: A Facile Approach to New Pyrazole Derivatives.
Authors: Maximov Nazar B. , Mykhailiuk Pavel K. , Golovach Sergey M. , Tverdokhlebov Anton V. , Voitenko Zoya V. , Tolmachev Andrey A. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe N‐protected pyridine derivative (I) reacts with various aromatic and aliphatic hydrazines to give 3‐methylpyrazoles as single regioisomers.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient and Highly Regioselective Cycloaddition of Aryl Isocyanates with Oxiranes Promoted by MgI2 Etherate.
Authors: Zhang Xingxian , Chen Wei 
Published: September 2010

AbstractCycloaddition of various aryl isocyanates with oxiranes (I) is realized in the presence of 50 mol% MgI2 etherate.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Structure—Activity Relationships of 2‐Aryl‐4‐oxazolylmethoxy Benzylglycines and 2‐Aryl‐4‐thiazolylmethoxy Benzylglycines as Novel, Potent PPARα Selective Activators‐ PPARα and PPARγ Selectivity Modulation.
Authors: Ye Xiang‐Yang , et al. et al. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractPotent and highly selective PPARα‐activators (I) as well as PPARα‐activators with significant PPARγ activity such as (II) are identified.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 1,5‐Disubstituted Tetrazoles via Suzuki—Miyaura Cross‐Coupling of 5‐Chloro‐1‐phenyltetrazole.
Authors: Tang Qing , Gianatassio Ryan 
Published: September 2010

AbstractOptimized reaction conditions are developed including Pd(OAc)2 and different biphenylphosphino ligands.
ChemInform Abstract: Multicomponent Reactions of 1,3‐Disubstituted 5‐Pyrazolones and Formaldehyde in Environmentally Benign Solvent Systems and Their Variations with More Fundamental Substrates.
Authors: Tan Jia‐Neng , Li Minghao , Gu Yanlong 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA series of substituted tetrahydropyrano[2,3‐c]pyrazoles (IV) and (VII) is readily obtained by three‐component reaction of pyrazolones with styrenes and paraformaldehyde under solvent‐free conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Some Novel N‐Alkyl/Acyl/Aroyl 2‐(Chroman/6‐bromochroman‐2‐yl)‐1H‐benzimidazoles Using Ionic Liquids and Their Antibacterial Activity.
Authors: Raut Changdev Namdev , Bagul Sandeep Madhukar , Janrao Ravindra Ashok , Vaidya Sanjay Dashrath , Kumar Bobba Venkata Siva , Mahulikar Pramod Pandurang 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe title compounds (V) and (VIII) display good antibacterial activity against S.aureus but they are less active against S.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic Asymmetric Aza‐Nazarov Cyclization of an Azirine.
Authors: Shimada Naoyuki , Ashburn Bradley O. , Basak Ashok K. , Bow William F. , Vicic David A. , Tius Marcus A. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAn unusual organocatalytic asymmetric cyclization of ketoazirine (III) that is accompanied by a kinetic resolution affords tetrahydropyridine (IV) in high enantioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Multicomponent Domino Cyclization—Aromatization: An Efficient Approach for the Synthesis of Substituted Quinolines.
Authors: Kulkarni Aditya , Toeroek Bela 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAn effective, microwave‐assisted, three‐component, one‐pot domino process for the synthesis of quinolines (IV) (27 examples) from terminal phenylacetylenes, anilines and aldehydes is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and in vitro Anticancer Screening of Some Novel 4‐[2‐Amino‐3‐cyano‐4‐substituted‐5,6,7,8‐tetrahydroquinolin‐1‐(4H)‐yl] benzenesulfonamides.
Authors: Al‐Said Mansour S. , Ghorab Mostafa M. , Al‐qasoumi Saleh I. , El‐Hossary Ebaa M. , Noaman Eman 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAll newly synthesized compounds are evaluated for their in vitro anticancer activity compared to doxorubicin as reference drug.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of New 2‐Chloro‐3‐((4‐phenyl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐1‐yl)methyl)quinoline Derivatives via Click Chemistry Approach.
Authors: Kategaonkar Amol H. , Shinde Pravin V. , Kategaonkar Atul H. , Pasale Sharad K. , Shingate Bapurao B. , Shingare Murlidhar S. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractNew quinoline derivatives (III) are synthesized via 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition in terms of a click chemistry approach.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Ring‐Expansion Reaction of Indoles with Alkynes: From Indoles to Tetrahydroquinoline Derivatives under Mild Reaction Conditions.
Authors: Shi Zhuangzhi , Zhang Bo , Cui Yuxin , Jiao Ning 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe highly selective title reaction affords tetrahydroquinoline derivatives under mild conditions using O2 as oxidant.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antiproliferative Activity of Indolizine Derivatives Incorporating a Cyclopropylcarbonyl Group Against Hep‐G2 Cancer Cell Line.
Authors: Shen Yong‐Miao , Lv Peng‐Cheng , Chen Wu , Liu Peng‐Gang , Zhang Ming‐Zhu , Zhu Hai‐Liang 
Published: September 2010

AbstractNovel indolizine and annulated indolizine derivatives incorporating a cyclopropylcarbonyl group are synthesized in a one‐pot procedure by regioselective [3+2] cycloaddition of an in situ prepared pyridinium ylide to electron deficient alkenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Imidazoacridin‐6‐ones as Novel Inhibitors of the Quinone Oxidoreductase NQO2.
Authors: Nolan K. A. , Humphries M. P. , Bryce R. A. , Stratford I. J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractNSC660841 (I) is found to be the most potent inhibitor of NQO2 reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Convenient Preparation of 4‐Aryl‐2‐(heteroarylamino)pyrimidines and 4‐Anilino‐2‐(heteroarylamino)pyrimidines.
Authors: Bliss Brian I. , Ahmed Feryan , Iyer Subashree , Lin Weimin , Walker Joel , Zhao He 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIt is demonstrated that non‐nucleophilic heteroarylamines undergo Buchwald—Hartwig N‐arylation with 4‐substituted 2‐chloropyrimidines to afford drug‐like derivatives including analogues (VIc,d) of the reverse transcriptase inhibitor dapivirine.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereoselective Synthesis of 6‐Functionalized 4‐Aryl‐1,3‐oxazinan‐2‐ones and Their Application in the Synthesis of 3‐Aryl‐1,3‐aminoalcohols and 6‐Arylpiperidine‐2,4‐diones.
Authors: Mangelinckx Sven , Nural Yahya , Dondas H. Ali , Denolf Bram , Sillanpaeae Reijo , De Kimpe Norbert 
Published: September 2010

AbstractTreatment of the N‐unprotected homoallylamine carbamates (I) with several electrophiles such as Br2, PhSeBr, I2, or NBS causes ring closure to give the title compounds (II), (V), or (VII) with up to 90% cis‐selectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Oxidation of N‐Phenylamidrazones to 1,3‐Diphenyl‐1,4‐dihydro‐1,2,4‐benzotriazin‐4‐yls: An Improved Synthesis of Blatter′s Radical.
Authors: Koutentis Panayiotis A. , Re Daniele Lo 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBlatter′s radical (IIa) and related derivatives are prepared from the corresponding amidrazones.
ChemInform Abstract: The Facile Syntheses of 2,3‐Dihydro‐1H‐1,5‐benzodiazepines and Their Ribofuranosides.
Authors: Jain Renuka , Yadav Tripti , Kumar Manoj , Yadav Ashok K. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA one‐pot procedure provides access to dihydrobenzodiazepines, e.g. (III), containing heterocyclic moieties or fused and spiro derivatives (VII) and (X) at ambient temperature in environmentally benign ionic liquids.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective C—H Borylation of Alkenes by Palladium Pincer Complex Catalyzed Oxidative Functionalization.
Authors: Selander Nicklas , Willy Benjamin , Szabo Kalman J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe C—H borylation of simple alkenes catalyzed by a palladium pincer complex is performed in the presence of hypervalent iodine and bis(pinacolato)diboron.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐Nosyberkol (Isotuberculosinol, Revised Structure of Edaxadiene) and (.+‐.)‐Tuberculosinol.
Authors: Maugel Nathan , Mann Francis M. , Hillwig Matthew L. , Peters Reuben J. , Snider Barry B. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe synthesis of (II) and (III) reveals that the proposed structure (I) for edaxadiene has to be revised to that of nosyberkol (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and GABAA Receptor Activity of A‐Homo Analogues of Neuroactive Steroids.
Authors: Dansey Maria V. , Di Chenna Pablo H. , Veleiro Adriana S. , Kristofikova Zdena , Chodounska Hana , Kasal Alexander , Burton Gerardo 
Published: September 2010

AbstractKey steps in the synthesis of title compounds, e.g. (VIII), are a microwave‐assisted rearrangement of cyclopropylcarbinol (I) and a regio‐ and stereospecific β‐epoxidation of diene (III) in the presence of a fructose‐derived ketone as chiral catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Divergent Synthesis of Cytotoxic Styryl Lactones Isolated from Polyalthia crassa. The First Total Synthesis of Crassalactone B.
Authors: Popsavin Velimir , Benedekovic Goran , Popsavin Mirjana , Kojic Vesna , Bogdanovic Gordana 
Published: September 2010

AbstractStarting from the D‐glucose derivative (I), a total synthesis of (+)‐crassalactone B (VI) and a new synthesis of (+)‐crassalactone C (VII) is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of β‐Phenylselenoglycosides from Glycals and Rationalization of the Selenoglycosylation Processes.
Authors: Di Bussolo Valeria , Fiasella Annalisa , Balzano Federica , Barretta Gloria Uccello , Crotti Paolo 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe use of Ph‐Se‐ as nucleophile is necessary to achieve β‐selectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Advances in the Methodology of a Multicomponent Synthesis of Arylnaphthalene Lactones.
Authors: Foley Patrick , Eghbali Nicolas , Anastas Paul T. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA multicomponent synthesis of arylnaphthalene lignan lactones is developed and successfully applied to the preparation of the natural products dehydrodimethylretroconidendrin (IV) and its regioisomer (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Triazole Analogues of the Nanaomycin Antibiotics Using “Click Chemistry”.
Authors: Rathwell Kris , Sperry Jonathan , Brimble Margaret A. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA series of cis‐configurated triazole analogues of the title antibiotics are prepared by using a ′click′ dipolar cycloaddition of a naphthalene azide to various alkynes followed by oxidation.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Cytotoxic Activity of Fluorinated Analogues of Goniothalamus Lactones. Impact of Fluorine on Oxidative Processes.
Authors: Dumitrescu Lidia , Huong Doan Thi Mai , Hung Nguyen Van , Crousse Benoit , Bonnet‐Delpon Daniele 
Published: September 2010

AbstractCompounds (VI) and (X) are synthesized as novel fluorinated analogues of the natural materials goniothalamin and howiinol A.
Cytosolic proteins from tobacco pollen tubes that crosslink microtubules and actin filaments in vitro are metabolic enzymes
Authors: Romagnoli Silvia , Faleri Claudia , Bini Luca , Baskin Tobias I. , Cresti Mauro 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIn plant cells, many processes require cooperative action of both microtubules and actin filaments, but proteins mediating interactions between these cytoskeletal members are mostly undiscovered. Here, we attempt to identify such proteins by affinity purification. Cytosol from Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco) pollen tubes was incubated first with actin filaments, and then proteins eluted from the actin were incubated with microtubules, and finally those microtubule‐binding proteins were pooled in an active fraction. This fraction bundled actin filaments but not microtubules. However, when the fraction was added to both actin and microtubules, large bundles resulted, containing both polymers, regardless of the order of addition of components. Similar results were obtained when the order of affinity purification was reversed. The four most abundant bands from the fractions were identified from peptide fragments analyzed by mass spectrometry. The same four proteins were identified regardless of the order of affinity purification. The proteins are: homocysteine methyltransferase, phosphofructokinase, pyruvate decarboxylase, and glucan protein synthase (reversibly glycosylated protein). These results suggest the importance of structuring metabolism within the confines of the pollen tube cytoplasm. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
No association between two candidate markers of prenatal sex hormones: Digit ratios (2D:4D and other) and finger‐ridge counts
Authors: Dressler Stefan G. , Voracek Martin 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe second‐to‐fourth digit ratio (2D:4D), putatively indexing prenatal androgen levels retrospectively, has become increasingly popular as an easily applied measure in research into the prenatal sex‐hormonal bases of behavior, health, and disease. However, its validity has not yet been conclusively demonstrated and in fact is currently debated, because validation tests of 2D:4D with other, prenatally established, presumed markers for prenatal sex‐hormone action have yielded mixed evidence or still are unavailable. Hence, the associations of 2D:4D with finger‐ridge counts, one such further under‐researched marker, were examined in this study. In a sample of 75 male and 75 female normal healthy adults, the six possible finger‐length ratios of the human hand (from 2D:3D to 4D:5D, including the classic 2D:4D ratio) were ascertained with two commonly used measurement methods (imaged‐based vs. fingers measured directly), along with two traditional dermatoglyphic traits (total and absolute finger‐ridge counts). Sex differences in finger‐length ratios (lower in men) generally were of moderate size (about .5 SD units), whereas those in finger‐ridge counts (higher in men) were small to negligible (about .2 SD units). Within‐sex analysis did not indicate theory compliant (i.e., negative) correlations between these two sets of traits that were consistent, noteworthy, or reliable. Finger‐length ratios and finger‐ridge counts are ontogenetically overlapping in their prenatal formation and anatomically adjacent. Hence, possible temporal and localized sex‐hormonal effects in prenatal life are unlikely to account for their nonassociation. The current findings cast some doubt on the validity of these retrospective pointers to prenatal androgen levels. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 53: 69–78, 2011.
In memory of Alfons Bukowski on the centenary of anti‐doping research
Authors: Pokrywka Andrzej , Gorczyca Damian , Jarek Anna , Kwiatkowska Dorota 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAlfons Bukowski (1858–1921) is commonly regarded as the pioneer of anti‐doping research. In 1910, he developed a method to detect alkaloids in horse saliva. One hundred years later, this is a good moment to remember Bukowski, an outstanding Polish pharmacist, often mistakenly represented in world literature as a Russian chemist. It is also an occasion to mention that the real driving force in the history of doping were events related to horse rivalry. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Spectrophotometric determination of penicillins in pure and pharmaceutical formulations using Folin‐Ciocalteu reagent
Authors: Singh Dhruv K. , Maheshwari Gunjan 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA new combination of time, temperature, and alkali is described for the spectrophotometric determination of amoxicillin and ampicillin using Folin‐Ciocalteu reagent. The method is based on the development of blue‐coloured product due to the reduction of tungstate and/or molybdate in Folin‐Ciocalteu reagent by amoxicillin and ampicillin in alkaline medium. The chromogenic reaction has λmax at 720 and 740 nm with molar absorptivity 1.6295 × 104 and 0.1085 × 104 l mol−1 cm−1 in the Beer's Law range 2–10 µg mL−1 and 10–70 µg mL−1 for amoxicillin and ampicillin, respectively. The method is reproducible, quick, inexpensive, and particularly helpful in determining the drug content in commercial dosage forms. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Developmental fate of the mammalian myotome
Authors: Deries Marianne , Schweitzer Ronen , Duxson Marilyn J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe myotome is a segmented paraxial muscle present in all early vertebrate embryos, which in amniotes disappears in mid‐embryogenesis, and is replaced by complex epaxial and hypaxial musculature. Little is known about how this transition occurs. Here, we describe the detailed morphogenesis of the epaxial muscles from the epaxial myotome, in rodent embryos. The results show there is no apoptosis of myotomal fibres during the transition, and that the epaxial muscles arise by translocation, re‐orientation, and elongation of the myotomal myocytes followed by cleavage of the myotomal masses. Myotomal myocytes transit from a mononucleated to a multinucleated state just before onset of this transformation. Each newly‐formed epaxial muscle anlagen includes populations of Pax3‐ and Pax7‐positive muscle progenitors, with different distributions. Using transgenic mouse embryos bearing a GFP marker for Scleraxis, we show that tendon progenitors are tightly associated with the sides and ends of myotomal myocytes as they re‐orient and elongate. Developmental Dynamics 239:2898–2910, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Solving the Puzzling Absolute Configuration Determination of a Flexible Molecule by Vibrational and Electronic Circular Dichroism Spectroscopies and DFT Calculations: The Case Study of a Chiral 2,2′‐Dinitro‐2,2′‐biaziridine
Authors: Abbate Sergio , Ciogli Alessia , Fioravanti Stefania , Gasparrini Francesco , Longhi Giovanna , Pellacani Lucio , Rizzato Egon , Spinelli Domenico , Tardella Paolo A. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe absolute configuration of a recently synthesized racemate of 2,2′‐dinitro‐2,2′‐biaziridine (2a), a possible catalyst for asymmetric synthesis, has been determined by vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectroscopy in the mid‐IR region and DFT calculations. Electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra have been obtained and Time‐Dependent DFT (TD‐DFT) calculations have been performed and found to be in agreement with the conclusions from VCD and DFT. A detailed conformational analysis, for approximately 300 geometries, has been carried out, allowing us to find evidence for the most populated conformers chiefly contributing to VCD and ECD spectra. The proposed absolute configuration and prevalent conformers are in correspondence with an equal configuration of the nitrogen atoms of the two aziridine rings.
Ferric(III) Nitrate: An Efficient Catalyst for the Regioselective Friedel–Crafts Reactions of Indoles andtert‐Enamides in Water
Authors: Jiang Ran , Wu Xiao‐Jin , Zhu Xu , Xu Xiao‐Ping , Ji Shun‐Jun 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe ferric nitrate catalyzed Friedel–Crafts reactions of various indoles and tertiary enamides, which proceed in water at room temperature, are demonstrated for an efficient, atom‐economical and environmentally friendly route to produce indole derivatives under mild conditions. Based on experimental data and mechanistic studies, the iron(III) ion was found to activate the electron‐rich C=C bond with collaboration of the carbonyl group in the catalytic process.
System identification of a building from multiple seismic records
Authors: Ulusoy Hasan S. , Feng Maria Q. , Fanning Paul J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThis paper describes the identification of finite dimensional, linear, time‐invariant models of a 4‐story building in the state space representation using multiple data sets of earthquake response. The building, instrumented with 31 accelerometers, is located on the University of California, Irvine campus. Multiple data sets, recorded during the 2005 Yucaipa, 2005 San Clemente, 2008 Chino Hills and 2009 Inglewood earthquakes, are used for identification and validation. Considering the response of the building as the output and the ground motion as the input, the state space models that represent the underlying dynamics of the building in the discrete‐time domain corresponding to each data set are identified. The time‐domain Eigensystem Realization Algorithm with the Observer/Kalman filter identification procedure are adopted in this paper, and the modal parameters of the identified models are consistently determined by constructing stabilization diagrams. The four state space models identified demonstrate that the response of the building is amplitude dependent with the response frequency and damping, being dependent on the magnitude of ground excitation. The practical application of this finding is that the consistency of this building response to future earthquakes can be quickly assessed, within the range of ground excitations considered (0.005g–0.074g), for consistency with prior response—this assessment of consistent response is discussed and demonstrated with reference to the four earthquake events considered in this study. Inclusion of data sets relating to future earthquakes will enable the findings to be extended to a wider range of ground excitation magnitudes. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.