bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paleobiogeography, Paleoecology and Paleoenvironmental Significance of the Cambrian Trilobites from the Zanskar Region (Zanskar-Spiti-Kinnaur Basin), Northwest Himalaya
Authors: Singh Birendra P. 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
In present study the newly recorded latest Middle Cambrian trilobite fauna from the Cambrian succession of the Zanskar region of Zanskar-Spiti-Kinnaur Basin (Tethyan Himalaya) is analyzed critically to assess relationships with other Cambrian faunal elements of equatorial peri-Gondwanaland. The identification of genus Neoanomocarella, Parablackwelderia, Kunmingaspis, Fuchouia, Damesella and Dorypyge from the Cambrian of the Zanskar region and their comparison with those of South China and Australia is significant. It constitutes the basis for assessing the paleobiogeographic affinities during the Cambrian. The latest Middle Cambrian trilobite fauna from Zanskar shows proximity of Indian margin with that of southwest China “outboard” micro-continent. The recovery of analogous Middle Cambrian species i.e., Dorypyge perconvexlis, Fuchouia bulba, Fuchouia cf. oratolimba, Parablackwelderia sp. and Damesella sp. from the Zanskar region (Tethyan Himalaya) suggests a contiguous close proximity with south China and Australia during the latest Middle Cambrian, which supports the model of Meert and Van der Voo (1997) for assembly of Gondwanaland. The presence of Kunmingaspis in Zanskar and similar reports from northwestern Yunnan-Tibetan region, northern Henan, central and southeastern Hubei, north China, western Xinjiang and Yangtze platform reveal a close affinity between the Indian margin and the Yangtze platform during the Middle Cambrian. The trilobite fauna indicates the deeper shelf-shallow slope environment of deposition under fluctuating conditions of relative sea-level. The faunal elements of the Lejopyge acantha and Proagnostus bulbus zones indicate that the sea inundated the northern margin of Zanskar region during the latest Middle Cambrian time (Teta transgression) which is synchronous with globally recognized eustatic events during Lejopyge laevigata Zone.
Geochemical Study of Peridotites from the Manipur Ophiolite Complex, Northeast India with Special Reference to their PGE Concentration
Authors: Devi L. Debala , Singh N. Ibotombi 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
The peridotites of the Manipur Ophiolite Complex (MOC) have been examined based on mineral chemistry, major elements and PGE contents. They represent high-magnesian cumulates with Mg# &gt; 0.90 (Mg/Mg+Fe) in olivine and Cr# &gt; 0.12 (Cr/Cr+Al) in spinel. High Mg* contents of the olivine show that these rocks are most likely derived from partial melting of the residual upper mantle. The peridotites contain higher concentration of Palladium Group PGE (PPGE) (Rh=4.4-6.6ppb; Pd=336-458ppb and Pt=14.6-36.4ppb) than the Iridium Group PGE (IPGE) (Os=2.4-5.8ppb; Ir=3.2-4.16ppb and Ru=5.2-7ppb). These are characterized by overall enrichment of PGE concentration (ΣPGE=365.8 - 516.6 ppb) and high ratio of (Pt+Pd)/(Os+Ir+Ru). This suggests that the rocks are formed by partial melting and crystal fractionation of olivine-rich (picritic) magma.
Lean manufacturing and Toyota Production System terminology applied to the procurement of vascular stents in interventional radiology
Authors: de Bucourt Maximilian , Busse Reinhard , Güttler Felix , Wintzer Christian , Collettini Federico , Kloeters Christian , Hamm Bernd , Teichgräber Ulf K. 
Published: April 2011

Abstract

Objectives
To apply the economic terminology of lean manufacturing and the Toyota Production System to the procurement of vascular stents in interventional radiology.

Methods
The economic- and process-driven terminology of lean manufacturing and the Toyota Production System is first presented, including information and product flow as well as value stream mapping (VSM), and then applied to an interdisciplinary setting of physicians, nurses and technicians from different medical departments to identify wastes in the process of endovascular stent procurement in interventional radiology.

Results
Using the so-called seven wastes approach of the Toyota Production System (waste of overproducing, waiting, transport, processing, inventory, motion and waste of defects and spoilage) as well as further waste characteristics (gross waste, process and method waste, and micro waste), wastes in the process of endovascular stent procurement in interventional radiology were identified and eliminated to create an overall smoother process from the procurement as well as from the medical perspective.

Conclusion
Economic terminology of lean manufacturing and the Toyota Production System, especially VSM, can be used to visualise and better understand processes in the procurement of vascular stents in interventional radiology from an economic point of view.
Being Born Under Adverse Economic Conditions Leads to a Higher Cardiovascular Mortality Rate Later in Life: Evidence Based on Individuals Born at Different Stages of the Business Cycle
Authors: van den Berg Gerard J. , Doblhammer-Reiter Gabriele , Christensen Kaare 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
We connect the recent medical and economic literatures on the long-run effects of early-life conditions by analyzing the effects of economic conditions on the individual cardiovascular (CV) mortality rate later in life, using individual data records from the Danish Twin Registry covering births since the 1870s and including the cause of death. To capture exogenous variation of conditions early in life, we use the state of the business cycle around birth. We find significant negative effects of economic conditions around birth on the individual CV mortality rate at higher ages. There is no effect on the cancer-specific mortality rate. From variation within and between monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs born under different conditions, we conclude that the fate of an individual is more strongly determined by genetic and household-environmental factors if early-life conditions are poor. Individual-specific qualities come more to fruition if the starting position in life is better.
Oxygen resuscitation after hypoxia ischemia stimulates prostaglandin pathway in rat cortex
Authors: Perez‐Polo J. Regino , Reilly Conor B. , Rea Harriet C. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractExposure to hypoxia and hyperoxia in a rodent model of perinatal ischemia results in delayed cell death and inflammation. Hyperoxia increases oxidative stress that can trigger inflammatory cascades, neutrophil activation, and brain microvascular injury. Here we show that 100% oxygen resuscitation in our rodent model of perinatal ischemia increases cortical COX‐2 protein levels, S‐nitrosylated COX‐2cys526, PGE2, iNOS and 5‐LOX, all components of the prostaglandin and leukotriene inflammatory pathway.
Evidence‐based Guideline: Treatment of Painful Diabetic Neuropathy
Authors: Bril Vera , England John , Franklin Gary M. , Backonja Miroslav , Cohen Jeffrey , Del Toro David , Feldman Eva , Iverson Donald J. , Perkins Bruce , Russell James W. , Zochodne Douglas 
Published: April 2011

ObjectiveTo develop a scientifically sound and clinically relevant evidence‐based guideline for the treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN).MethodsWe performed a systematic review of the literature from 1960 to August 2008 and classified the studies according to the American Academy of Neurology classification of evidence scheme for a therapeutic article, and recommendations were linked to the strength of the evidence. The basic question asked was: “What is the efficacy of a given treatment (pharmacological: anticonvulsants, antidepressants, opioids, others; and non‐pharmacological: electrical stimulation, magnetic field treatment, low‐intensity laser treatment, Reiki massage, others) to reduce pain and improve physical function and quality of life (QOL) in patients with PDN?”Results and RecommendationsPregabalin is established as effective and should be offered for relief of PDN (Level A). Venlafaxine, duloxetine, amitriptyline, gabapentin, valproate, opioids (morphine sulphate, tramadol, and oxycodone controlled‐release), and capsaicin are probably effective and should be considered for treatment of PDN (Level B). Other treatments have less robust evidence or the evidence is negative. Effective treatments for PDN are available, but many have side effects that limit their usefulness, and few studies have sufficient information on treatment effects on function and QOL.
Stock size assessment and spatial distribution of bivalve species in the Gulf of Tunis
Authors: Charef Aymen , Zamouri Langar Nedra , Gharsallah Ines Houas 
Published: April 2011

The shellfish ranching, its current exploitation status and its management are becoming a major interest in fisheries industry in Tunisia. In this respect, the coasts of the Gulf of Tunis were explored along 20 shore-perpendicular transects to evaluate the stock size of shellfish populations. 285 samples of malacological fauna were collected by a VanVeen grab. This sampling revealed the presence of six target bivalve species owing to their high commercial value. The determination of the weight–size relationships of each species pinpointed that five species have a negative allometric relationship (Tellina planata, Tellina nitida, Glycymeris violacescens, Donax semistriatus and Solen marginatus) whilst Mactra stultorum indicated an isometric growth. The stock size assessment of these target species revealed that abundance values ranged from 2 to 60 individuals m−2, and biomass values varied from 2 to 230 g m−2. The mapping of the spatial distribution of density and biomass showed that the majority of species colonized essentially shallow waters corresponding to sandy and muddy bottoms. These findings are consistent with ecological and physiological properties of species. Major physical parameters influencing spatial distribution patterns are discussed.
Incorporating parasite systematics in comparative analyses of variation in spleen mass and testes sizes of rodents
Authors: PONLET NICOLAS , CHAISIRI KITIPONG , CLAUDE JULIEN , MORAND SERGE 
Published: April 2011

SUMMARYParasite diversity is hypothesized to act on host life-history traits through investment in immunity. In order to incorporate the diversity of the parasite community that an individual host or a host species may face, two indices can be used: Taxonomic Species Richness and Taxonomic Entropy, where the taxonomic information is incorporated with the taxonomic weight. We tested whether these indices correlate with several morphological traits potentially implicated in immune defence and in reproduction, using data on gastrointestinal helminths and their rodent hosts sampled in Southeast Asia. We found no relationship between parasite diversity indices and either spleen mass or testes size at the intraspecific level, i.e. at the level of individuals. At the interspecific level, we found no relationship between the parasite diversity indices and testes size. However, we found that female spleen mass is significantly influenced by the specific species richness of parasites, whereas male spleen mass is influenced by individual mean parasite diversity indices. We concluded that female spleen mass may have evolved in response to gastrointestinal helminth pressure acting at species levels, while in males, the individual spleen mass could be constrained by other factors, such as the blood storage function of the spleen.
Reasoning about conditional constraint specification problems and feature models
Authors: Finkel Raphael , O'Sullivan Barry 
Published: April 2011

AbstractProduct configuration is a major industrial application domain for constraint satisfaction techniques. Conditional constraint satisfaction problems (CCSPs) and feature models (FMs) have been developed to represent configuration problems in a natural way. CCSPs are like constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs), but they also include potential variables, which might or might not exist in any given solution, as well as classical variables, which are required to take a value in every solution. CCSPs model, for example, options on a car, for which the style of sunroof (a variable) only makes sense if the car has a sunroof at all. FMs are directed acyclic graphs of features with constraints on edges. FMs model, for example, cell phone features, where utility functions are required, but the particular utility function “games” is optional, but requires Java support. We show that existing techniques from formal methods and answer set programming can be used to naturally model CCSPs and FMs. We demonstrate configurators in both approaches. An advantage of these approaches is that the model builder does not have to reformulate the CCSP or FM into a classic CSP, converting potential variables into classical variables by adding a “does not exist” value and modifying the problem constraints. Our configurators automatically reason about the model itself, enumerating all solutions and discovering several kinds of model flaws.
Personalized diagnoses for inconsistent user requirements
Authors: Felfernig Alexander , Schubert Monika 
Published: April 2011

AbstractKnowledge-based configurators are supporting configuration tasks for complex products such as telecommunication systems, computers, or financial services. Product configurations have to fulfill the requirements articulated by the user and the constraints contained in the configuration knowledge base. If the user requirements are inconsistent with the constraints in the configuration knowledge base, users have to be supported in finding out a way from the no solution could be found dilemma. In this paper we introduce a new algorithm (PersDiag) that allows the determination of personalized diagnoses for inconsistent user requirements in knowledge-based configuration scenarios. We present the results of an empirical study that show the advantages of our approach in terms of prediction quality and efficiency.
Applicability of chromosome-specific SSR wheat markers for the introgression ofTriticum urartuin durum wheat breeding programmes
Authors: Rodríguez-Suárez C. , Ramírez M. C. , Martín A. , Atienza S. G. 
Published: April 2011

Triticum urartu, the A-genome donor of tetraploid and hexaploid wheats, is a potential source of novel alleles for crop improvement. A fertile amphiploid betweenT. urartu(2n = 2x = 14;AuAu) and durum wheat cv ‘Yavaros’ (Triticum turgidumssp.durum; 2n = 4x = 28,AABB) was obtained as a first step to making the genetic variability of the wild ancestor available to durum wheat breeding. The amphiploid was backcrossed with ‘Yavaros’ and the offspring from this cross was selfed. A plant from this progeny (founder line) with 28 chromosomes and activexandysubunits of theGlu-A1locus ofT. urartuwas selfed, which resulted in the obtaining of 98 pre-introgression lines (pre-ILs). In this work, a set of 78 wheat chromosome-specific microsatellite markers (simple sequence repeats, SSR), uniformly distributed over the A genome, was used for marker-assisted selection ofT. urartuin a durum wheat background. A total of 57 SSRs allowed a clear discrimination betweenT. urartuand ‘Yavaros’. This set of markers was further used for characterizing the pre-ILs, identifying and defining theT. urartuintrogressed regions. The applicability of these markers is discussed.
Labile carbon and other soil quality indicators in two tillage systems during transition to organic agriculture
Authors: Lewis David Bruce , Kaye Jason P. , Jabbour Randa , Barbercheck Mary E. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractWeed management is one of the primary challenges for producers transitioning from conventional to organic agriculture. Tillage and the use of cover crops are two weed control tactics available to farmers transitioning to organic management, but little is known about their interactive effects on soil quality during the transition period. We investigated the response of soils to tillage and initial cover crop during the 3-year transition to organic in a cover crop–soybean (Glycine max)–maize (Zea mays) rotation in the Mid-Atlantic region of the USA. The tillage treatment contrasted full, inversion tillage with moldboard plowing (FT) versus reduced tillage with chisel plowing (RT). The cover crop treatment contrasted annual versus mostly perennial species during the first year of the rotation. The experiment was initiated twice (Start 1 and Start 2), in consecutive years in adjacent fields. By the end of the experiment, labile carbon, electrical conductivity, pH and soil moisture were all greater under RT than under FT in both starts. Soil organic matter and several other soil attributes were greater under RT than under FT in Start 1, but not in Start 2, perhaps owing to differences between starts in initial field conditions and realized weather. Soil attributes did not differ between the two cover crop treatments. Combining our soils results with agronomic and economic analyses on these plots suggests that using RT during the organic transition can increase soil quality without compromising yield and profitability.
Combatants, not bandits: the status of rebels in Islamic law
Authors: Tabassum Sadia 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe Islamic law on rebellion offers a comprehensive code for regulating the conduct of hostilities in non-international armed conflicts and thus it can be used as a model for improving the contemporary international legal regime. It not only provides an objective criterion for ascertaining existence of armed conflict but also recognizes the combatant status for rebels and the necessary corollaries of their de facto authority in the territory under their control. Thus it helps reduce the sufferings of civilians and ordinary citizens during rebellion and civil wars. At the same time, Islamic law asserts that the territory under the de facto control of the rebels is de jure part of the parent state. It therefore answers the worries of those who fear that the grant of combatant status to rebels might give legitimacy to their struggle.
Efficient algorithms for tandem copy number variation reconstruction in repeat-rich regions
Authors: He Dan , Hormozdiari Farhad , Furlotte Nicholas , Eskin Eleazar 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
Motivation: Structural variations and in particular copy number variations (CNVs) have dramatic effects of disease and traits. Technologies for identifying CNVs have been an active area of research for over 10 years. The current generation of high-throughput sequencing techniques presents new opportunities for identification of CNVs. Methods that utilize these technologies map sequencing reads to a reference genome and look for signatures which might indicate the presence of a CNV. These methods work well when CNVs lie within unique genomic regions. However, the problem of CNV identification and reconstruction becomes much more challenging when CNVs are in repeat-rich regions, due to the multiple mapping positions of the reads.
Results: In this study, we propose an efficient algorithm to handle these multi-mapping reads such that the CNVs can be reconstructed with high accuracy even for repeat-rich regions. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to both identify and reconstruct CNVs in repeat-rich regions. Our experiments show that our method is not only computationally efficient but also accurate.
Contact: eeskin@cs.ucla.edu
Systems biology model repository for macrophage pathway simulation
Authors: Nagasaki Masao , Saito Ayumu , Fujita André , Tremmel Georg , Ueno Kazuko , Ikeda Emi , Jeong Euna , Miyano Satoru 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
Summary: The Macrophage Pathway Knowledgebase (MACPAK) is a computational system that allows biomedical researchers to query and study the dynamic behaviors of macrophage molecular pathways. It integrates the knowledge of 230 reviews that were carefully checked by specialists for their accuracy and then converted to 230 dynamic mathematical pathway models. MACPAK comprises a total of 24 009 entities and 12 774 processes and is described in the Cell System Markup Language (CSML), an XML format that runs on the Cell Illustrator platform and can be visualized with a customized Cytoscape for further analysis.
Availability: MACPAK can be accessed via an interactive web site at http://macpak.csml.org. The CSML pathway models are available under the Creative Commons license.
Contact: masao@hgc.jp
VIZ-GRAIL: visualizing functional connections across disease loci
Authors: Raychaudhuri Soumya 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
Motivation: As disease loci are rapidly discovered, an emerging challenge is to identify common pathways and biological functionality across loci. Such pathways might point to potential disease mechanisms. One strategy is to look for functionally related or interacting genes across genetic loci. Previously, we defined a statistical strategy, Gene Relationships Across Implicated Loci (GRAIL), to identify whether pair-wise gene relationships defined using PubMed text similarity are enriched across loci. Here, we have implemented VIZ-GRAIL, a software tool to display those relationships and to depict the underlying biological patterns.
Results: Our tool can seamlessly interact with the GRAIL web site to obtain the results of analyses and create easy to read visual displays. To most clearly display results, VIZ-GRAIL arranges genes and genetic loci to minimize intersecting pair-wise gene connections. VIZ-GRAIL can be easily applied to other types of functional connections, beyond those from GRAIL. This method should help investigators appreciate the presence of potentially important common functions across loci.
Availability: The GRAIL algorithm is implemented online at http://www.broadinstitute.org/mpg/grail/grail.php. VIZ-GRAIL source-code is at http://www.broadinstitute.org/mpg/grail/vizgrail.html.
Contact: soumya@broadinstitute.org
Supplementary Information: Supplementary methods and data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Signaling gateway molecule pages—a data model perspective
Authors: Dinasarapu Ashok Reddy , Saunders Brian , Ozerlat Iley , Azam Kenan , Subramaniam Shankar 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
Summary: The Signaling Gateway Molecule Pages (SGMP) database provides highly structured data on proteins which exist in different functional states participating in signal transduction pathways. A molecule page starts with a state of a native protein, without any modification and/or interactions. New states are formed with every post-translational modification or interaction with one or more proteins, small molecules or class molecules and with each change in cellular location. State transitions are caused by a combination of one or more modifications, interactions and translocations which then might be associated with one or more biological processes. In a characterized biological state, a molecule can function as one of several entities or their combinations, including channel, receptor, enzyme, transcription factor and transporter. We have also exported SGMP data to the Biological Pathway Exchange (BioPAX) and Systems Biology Markup Language (SBML) as well as in our custom XML.
Availability: SGMP is available at www.signaling-gateway.org/molecule.
Contact: shankar@ucsd.edu
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.