bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunohistochemistry for the detection of renal cell carcinoma in effusion cytology
Authors: Chute Deborah J. , Kong Christina S. , Stelow Edward B. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractRenal cell carcinoma (RCC) is known for its unpredictable behavior. RCC rarely involves serosal surfaces and, when present, can be difficult to distinguish from mesothelial cells in cytologic preparations. Immunohistochemical stains are frequently used with effusion cytology; however, RCCs express traditional glandular antigens less frequently than other adenocarcinomas. We investigated the utility of typical immunohistochemical stains for identifying effusion involvement by RCC, along with more specific RCC markers. The cytology databases from two academic institutions were searched for all effusions involved by RCC with retrievable cell‐block material. A four‐marker immunohistochemical panel we generally use for distinguishing adenocarcinoma from mesothelial proliferations was then applied (calretinin, WT1, MOC31, and B72.3). In addition, each case was stained for RCC antigen, CD10, and PAX2. Eleven cases of RCC involving serous effusions were identified: six conventional clear‐cell RCCs, three papillary RCCs, and two RCCs, not otherwise specified. Neoplastic cells were positive for MOC‐31 in 3 of 11 cases, RCC antigen in 5 of 11 cases, and CD10 in 10 of 11 cases. RCC cells were negative for B‐72.3, WT1, and calretinin in all cases. Background mesothelial cells showed high‐background cytoplasmic staining for PAX‐2; all RCC tumor cells were negative or equivocal. A conventional panel used for the diagnosis of adenocarcinoma in fluids will fail to detect most cases of metastatic RCC, particularly clear‐cell RCC. Additional antibodies, such as those to CD10 and RCC, may be helpful to identify these tumors. PAX2 shows high background in mesothelial cells, which makes interpretation of nuclear staining difficult. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2011;39:118–123. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A unique expression pattern of Tbx10 in the hindbrain as revealed by Tbx10LacZ allele
Authors: Xue Xiao Dong , Kimura Wataru , Wang Bo , Hikosaka Keisuke , Itakura Tatsuo , Uezato Tadayoshi , Matsuda Masashi , Koseki Haruhiko , Miura Naoyuki 
Published: May 2010

AbstractTo study the expression/function of Tbx10, a T‐box gene, Tbx10LacZ/+ mice were established by replacing the T‐box coding region with a LacZ gene. X‐gal staining showed that LacZ+ cells were localized to two‐cell populations in rhombomere 4 and rhombomere 6. No significant differences in the locations of LacZ+ cells were found between Tbx10LacZ/+ and Tbx10LacZ/LacZ mice, and the Tbx10LacZ/LacZ mice were viable and fertile. We found that the LacZ+ cells are present in both embryonic and adult mice. Histological studies suggest that the rhombomere 4‐derived LacZ+ cells are a subpopulation of the ventral interneurons in the pons.
Catalytic Generation of Hydrogen with Titanium Citrate and a Macrocyclic Cobalt Complex
Authors: Szajna‐Fuller Ewa , Bakac Andreja 
Published: May 2010

AbstractHydrogen evolution from acidic aqueous solutions of TiIIIcitrate is strongly catalyzed by Co(dmgBF2)2. The reaction generates an intermediate with maximum absorbance at 770 nm. The slow disappearance of this intermediate takes place simultaneously with the generation of H2 in a process that was most efficient at pH 1.6 (turnover number 53). The loss of the catalytic activity is caused by the loss of the macrocyclic ligand and formation of Coaq2+. Control experiments implicate CoIII as the most likely oxidation state responsible for catalyst destruction, and thus provide indirect evidence for the involvement of CoIII in the catalytic cycle. Taken together, the data suggest that hydrogen generation takes place at least in part by the H+/HCoIII(dmgBF2)2 route. Incitrate‐containing solutions at 7 ≤ pH ≤ 8, the protonation of CoI(dmgBF2)2– to yield HCoIII(dmgBF2)2 has a rate constant kH = 1.4 × 106 M–1 s–1. This reaction is about ten times slower in the absence of citrate.
AlMe3, GaMe3 and InMe3 Adducts of N,N‐Bis(2‐{pyrid‐2‐yl}ethyl)hydroxylaminato Rare‐Earth Metal Complexes and Their Molecular Dynamics
Authors: Hellmann Benjamin J. , Mix Andreas , Neumann Beate , Stammler Hans‐Georg , Mitzel Norbert W. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractReactions of hydroxylaminato rare‐earth metal complexes of the general type [Cp2Ln{η2‐ON(C2H4‐o‐Py)2}] (Cp = cyclopentadienyl, Py = pyridyl, Ln = Y, Sm, Nd, Pr, La) with the Lewis acids AlMe3, GaMe3 and InMe3 resulted in the formation of the oxygen bonded adducts [Cp2Ln{η2‐ON(C2H4‐η1‐o‐Py)(C2H4‐o‐Py)}·EMe3] where Ln = Y, Sm and E = Al, Ga, In. Combination of the corresponding Nd, Pr and La complexes with the Lewis acids EMe3 gave the doubly pyridyl coordinated complexes [Cp2Ln{η2‐ON(C2H4‐η1‐o‐Py)2}·EMe3] (E = Al, Ga, In). Reactions of the complexes [Cp2Ln{η2‐ON(C2H4‐o‐Py)2}] with two equivalents of the Lewis acids reveal complexes of the type [Cp2Ln{η2‐ON(C2H4‐η1‐o‐Py)(C2H4‐o‐Py)}·2EMe3] (Ln = Y, Sm and E = Al, Ga, In) in which one Lewis acid EMe3 coordinates to the hydroxylaminato oxygen atom and one interacts with a pyridyl nitrogen atom. The possibility of synthesising heterotrimetallic complexes was demonstrated by reacting the compound [Cp2Y{η2‐ON(C2H4‐η1‐o‐Py)(C2H4‐o‐Py)}·AlMe3] with GaMe3 to obtain the complex [Cp2Y{η2‐ON(C2H4‐η1‐o‐Py)(C2H4‐o‐Py)}·AlMe3·GaMe3]. The compounds have been characterised by elemental analysis, NMR spectroscopy (except paramagnetic substances) and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction experiments. The aggregation trend is found to be directly related to the size of the metal ions. The new complexes exhibit a highly dynamic behaviour in solution. The two pyridyl nitrogen atoms are changing their coordination to the metal atom rapidly at ambient temperature even when the pyridine nitrogen donor atom is blocked by an EMe3 unit. VT‐NMR experiments showed that this dynamic exchange can be frozen on the NMR time scale.
Pyrrole‐2‐carbohydrazides as Ligands for Cu‐Catalyzed Amination of Aryl Halides with Amines in Pure Water
Authors: Xie Jianwei , Zhu Xinhai , Huang Manna , Meng Fei , Chen Weiwei , Wan Yiqian 
Published: May 2010

AbstractPyrrole‐2‐carbohydrazides were synthesized and found to be novel and efficient ligands for the Cu‐catalyzed amination of aryl halides with amines in pure water with high yields. A variety of aryl bromides or iodides could be aminated, promoted by the CuI/N′‐phenyl‐1H‐pyrrole‐2‐carbohydrazide (L13) system, under microwave irradiation or conventional heating without the protection by an inert gas.
Iron‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling between 1‐Bromoalkynes and Grignard‐Derived Organocuprate Reagents
Authors: Castagnolo Daniele , Botta Maurizio 
Published: May 2010

AbstractAn efficient iron‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reaction between alkynyl bromides and Grignard‐derived organocuprates has been developed. A series of alkynylarenes were successfully synthesised by starting from different 1‐bromoalkynes and Grignard reagents. The methodology was successfully used for the two‐step stereoselective synthesis of combretastatins and represents a valid alternative to the classical syntheses of alkynylarenes.
Analysis of a polymorphic microRNA target site in the purinergic receptor P2RX7 gene
Authors: Rahman Omar Abdul , Sasvari‐Szekely Maria , Szekely Anna , Faludi Gabor , Guttman Andras , Nemoda Zsofia 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe recent discovery of post‐transcriptional regulation by microRNAs (miRNAs) drew our attention to SNPs of putative miRNA target sites in candidate genes of depression‐related psychiatric disorders. The P2RX7 (purinergic receptor P2X, ligand‐gated ion channel, 7) gene has been suggested as a candidate for major depressive and bipolar disorder, because of repeated associations with the rs2230912 (Gln460Arg) polymorphism. As this polymorphism is located at the end of the coding region, we considered a possible linkage with SNP(s) in putative miRNA target sites of the 3′ untranslated region. Based on our in silico search, the rs1653625 fulfilled this criterion. This SNP, however, is surrounded with polycytosine and polyadenine tracts, which hindered its analysis until now. In this study, we describe a readily applicable genotyping method for rs1653625 by applying a primer that introduces mismatched nucleotides to create a restriction enzyme cleavage site. The resulting allele‐specific products with 19 base pair difference were separated by both traditional horizontal agarose gel electrophoresis and multicapillary gel electrophoresis. The developed genotyping method was applied in our depression‐related association study.
Indications for cell stress in response to adenoviral and baculoviral gene transfer observed by proteome profiling of human cancer cells
Authors: Gerner Christopher , Haudek‐Prinz Verena J. , Lackner Andreas , Losert Annemarie , Peter‐Vörösmarty Barbara , Lorenz Olga , Grusch Michael 
Published: May 2010

AbstractGene transfer to cultured cells is an important tool for functional studies in many areas of biomedical research and vector systems derived from adenoviruses and baculoviruses are frequently used for this purpose. In order to characterize how viral gene transfer vectors affect the functional state of transduced cells, we applied 2‐D PAGE allowing quantitative determination of protein amounts and synthesis rates of metabolically labeled cells and shotgun proteomics. Using HepG2 human hepatoma cells we show that both vector types can achieve efficient expression of green fluorescent protein, which accounted for about 0.1% of total cellular protein synthesis 72 h after transduction. No evidence in contrast was found for expression of proteins from the viral backbones. With respect to the host cell response, both vectors induced a general increase in protein synthesis of about 50%, which was independent of green fluorescent protein expression. 2‐D PAGE autoradiographs identified a 3.6‐fold increase of γ‐actin synthesis in adenovirus transduced cells. In addition shotgun proteomics of cytoplasmic and nuclear extract fractions identified a slight induction of several proteins related to inflammatory activation, cell survival and chromatin function by both virus types. These data demonstrate that commonly used gene transfer vectors induce a response reminiscent of stress activation in host cells, which needs to be taken into account when performing functional assays with transduced cells.
Determination of salsolinol, norsalsolinol, and twenty‐one biogenic amines using micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography–electrochemical detection
Authors: Kuklinski Nicholas J. , Berglund E. Carina , Engelbreksson Johan , Ewing Andrew G. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractMicellar electrokinetic chromatography coupled to amperometric electrochemical detection was used to resolve and then quantify biogenic amines and metabolites within the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. A new separation scheme was devised to allow resolution of 24 compounds of interest. This was accomplished by precisely controlling the amount of base added to the background buffer, optimizing the resolution of the separation, and then calculating the pH. Here we focused on measurements of six of the analytes that are thought to be involved in the response to alcohol, dopamine, salsolinol, norsalsolinol, N‐acetyloctopamine, octopamine, and N‐acetyldopamine. These were identified and quantified within the fly head. We believe that the identification of salsolinol and norsalsolinol in the fly brain is novel.
Simultaneous determination of memantine and amantadine in human plasma as fluorescein derivatives by micellar electrokinetic chromatography with laser‐induced fluorescence detection and its clinical application
Authors: Yeh Hsin‐Hua , Yang Yuan‐Han , Chen Su‐Hwei 
Published: May 2010

AbstractA nonionic surfactant MEKC method with LIF detection was developed for the simultaneous determination of memantine, an anti‐Alzheimer's disease agent, and amantadine, an anti‐Parkinson's disease drug, in human plasma. Before analysis, the plasma samples were pretreated by liquid–liquid extraction with ethyl acetate, and derivatized with 6‐carboxyfluorescein N‐hydroxysuccinimide ester. The chemical derivatization is performed with 6‐carboxyfluorescein N‐hydroxysuccinimide ester in ACN – 5 mM pH 9.0 borate buffer (40:60, v/v) at 35°C for 3 h. After the derivatization reaction, hydrodynamic injection (0.5 psi, 8 s) was used to introduce the derivatized solution, and the separation was performed in borate buffer (30 mM, pH 9.5) with the nonionic surfactant Brij‐35® (0.07%, w/v); the separation voltage was 6 kV. The linear ranges of the method for the determination of memantine and amantadine in human plasma were over a range of 2.0–60.0 ng/mL. The detection limit was 0.5 ng/mL (S/N=3). This method was applied successfully to monitor the concentration of memantine or amantadine in patients with Alzheimer's disease or Parkinson's disease.
Astrocytic Aβ1‐42 uptake is determined by Aβ‐aggregation state and the presence of amyloid‐associated proteins
Authors: Nielsen Henrietta M. , Mulder Sandra D. , Beliën Jeroen A. M. , Musters René J. P. , Eikelenboom Piet , Veerhuis Robert 
Published: May 2010

AbstractIntracerebral accumulation of amyloid‐β (Aβ) leading to Aβ plaque formation, is the main hallmark of Alzheimer's disease and might be caused by defective Aβ‐clearance. We previously found primary human astrocytes and microglia able to bind and ingest Aβ1‐42 in vitro, which appeared to be limited by Aβ1‐42 fibril formation. We now confirm that astrocytic Aβ‐uptake depends on size and/or composition of Aβ‐aggregates as astrocytes preferably take up oligomeric Aβ over fibrillar Aβ. Upon exposure to either fluorescence‐labelled Aβ1‐42 oligomers (Aβoligo) or fibrils (Aβfib), a larger (3.7 times more) proportion of astrocytes ingested oligomers compared to fibrils, as determined by flow cytometry. Aβ‐internalization was verified using confocal microscopy and live‐cell imaging. Neither uptake of Aβoligo nor Aβfib, triggered proinflammatory activation of the astrocytes, as judged by quantification of interleukin‐6 and monocyte‐chemoattractant protein‐1 release. Amyloid‐associated proteins, including α1‐antichymotrypsin (ACT), serum amyloid P component (SAP), C1q and apolipoproteins E (ApoE) and J (ApoJ) were earlier found to influence Aβ‐aggregation. Here, astrocytic uptake of Aβfib increased when added to the cells in combination with SAP and C1q (SAP/C1q), but was unchanged in the presence of ApoE, ApoJ and ACT. Interestingly, ApoJ and ApoE dramatically reduced the number of Aβoligo‐positive astrocytes, whereas SAP/C1q slightly reduced Aβoligo uptake. Thus, amyloid‐associated proteins, especially ApoJ and ApoE, can alter Aβ‐uptake in vitro and hence may influence Aβ clearance and plaque formation in vivo. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Smad3‐dependent signaling underlies the TGF‐β1‐mediated enhancement in astrocytic iNOS expression
Authors: Hamby Mary E. , Hewett James A. , Hewett Sandra J. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractWe previously demonstrated that transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1), while having no effect alone, enhances nitric oxide (NO) production in primary, purified mouse astrocytes induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) plus interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ), by recruiting a latent population of astrocytes to respond, thereby enhancing the total number of cells that express Nos2. In this investigation, we evaluated the molecular signaling pathway by which this occurs. We found that purified murine primary astrocytes express mRNA for TGFβRII as well as the TGFβRI subunit activin‐like kinase 5 (ALK5), but not ALK1. Immunofluorescence microscopy confirmed the expression of TGFβRII and ALK5 protein in astrocytes. Consistent with ALK5 signaling, Smad3 accumulated in the nucleus of astrocytes as early as 30 min after TGF‐β1 (3 ng/mL) treatment and persisted upto 32 hr after TGF‐β1 administration. Addition of ALK5 inhibitors prevented TGF‐β1‐mediated Smad3 nuclear accumulation and NO production when given prior to the Nos2 induction stimuli, but not after. Finally, astrocyte cultures derived from Smad3 null mutant mice did not exhibit a TGF‐β1‐mediated increase in iNOS expression. Overall, this data suggests that ALK5 signaling and Smad3 nuclear accumulation is required for optimal enhancement of LPS plus IFNγ‐induced NO production in astrocytes by TGF‐β1. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Microglia express functional 11β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1
Authors: Gottfried‐Blackmore Andres , Sierra Amanda , Mcewen Bruce S. , Ge Renshan , Bulloch Karen 
Published: May 2010

AbstractGlucocorticoids are potent regulators of inflammation exerting permissive, stimulatory, and suppressive effects. Glucocorticoid access to intracellular receptors is regulated by the activity of two distinct enzymes known as 11β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11βHSD) Type 1 and Type 2, which catalyze the activation or deactivation of glucocorticoids. Although expression of these enzymes in major organ systems and their roles in the metabolic effects of glucocorticoids have been described, their role in the inflammatory response has only recently started to be addressed. In this report, we have studied the expression and activity of 11βHSD Type 1 and Type 2 in microglia cells. Microglia, the brain's resident macrophages, initiate and orchestrate CNS inflammatory responses. Importantly, activated microglia are implicated in most neurodegenerative conditions, making them key subjects of study. We found that microglia expressed 11βHSD‐1, but not 11βHSD‐2, both in ex vivo FACS‐sorted adult cells and in vitro primary cultures. 11βHSD‐1 expression was increased in LPS‐activated microglia. Moreover, 11βHSD‐1 catalyzed the metabolic conversion of 11‐dehydro‐corticosterone into corticosterone (CORT), which potently reduced cytokine production in activated microglia. We propose that 11βHSD‐1 may provide microglia with an intrinsic mechanism to autoregulate and inhibit proinflammatory mediator production through CORT formation. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
KLK15 is a prognostic marker for progression‐free survival in patients with radical prostatectomy
Authors: Rabien Anja , Fritzsche Florian R. , Jung Monika , Tölle Angelika , Diamandis Eleftherios P. , Miller Kurt , Jung Klaus , Kristiansen Glen , Stephan Carsten 
Published: May 2010

AbstractIn search of biomarkers for prostate cancer, we evaluated the expression of the human kallikrein‐related peptidase KLK15 in samples of prostatic adenocarcinomas from radical prostatectomies. Twenty‐five pairs of cancerous and adjacent normal prostatic tissue were selected by laser capture microdissection. The tissue was used for quantification of KLK15 mRNA by reverse‐transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Immunohistochemical expression of the KLK15 protein in 193 samples of prostatic adenocarcinoma was analysed in relation to clinicopathological parameters of the patients and disease progression. Expression of KLK15 correlated with the pathological tumour stage and Gleason score of the cases, both at mRNA and at protein level. While mRNA expression in the tumour was elevated, the protein level of KLK15 was reduced compared with adjacent normal tissue and to prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia. Univariate Kaplan‐Meier analysis showed a significant association of dichotomised KLK15 levels with disease progression defined by prostate‐specific antigen relapse (p = 0.001). Multivariate analysis according to the Cox proportional hazards regression model identified dichotomised KLK15 expression, corrected for the patient parameters age, preoperative prostate‐specific antigen level, pathological tumour stage, Gleason score and surgical margin status, as an independent prognostic factor for poor outcome (inclusion model, hazard ratio 1.802, 95% confidence interval 1.037–3.132, p = 0.037). We suggest KLK15 as a new independent tumour marker for patients at risk for disease progression after radical prostatectomy.
A survey of methylated candidate tumor suppressor genes in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Loyo Myriam , Brait Mariana , Kim Myoung S. , Ostrow Kimberly L. , Jie Chunfa C. , Chuang Alice Y. , Califano Joseph A. , Liégeois Nanette J. , Begum Shahnaz , Westra William H. , Hoque Mohammad O. , Tao Qian , Sidransky David 
Published: May 2010

AbstractNasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a rare malignancy with unique genetic, viral and environmental characteristic that distinguishes it from other head and neck carcinomas. The clinical management of NPC remains challenging largely due to the lack of early detection strategies for this tumor. In our study, we have sought to identify novel genes involved in the pathogenesis of NPC that might provide insight into this tumor's biology and could potentially be used as biomarkers. To identify these genes, we studied the epigenetics of NPC by characterizing a panel of methylation markers. Eighteen genes were evaluated by quantitative methylation‐specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in cell lines as well as in tissue samples including 50 NPC tumors and 28 benign nasopharyngeal biopsies. Significance was evaluated using Fisher's exact test and quantitative values were optimized using cut off values derived from receiver–operator characteristic curves. The methylation status of AIM1, APC, CALCA, deleted in colorectal carcinomas (DCC), DLEC, deleted in liver cancer 1 (DLC1), estrogen receptor alpha (ESR), FHIT, KIF1A and PGP9.5 was significantly associated with NPC compared to controls. The sensitivity of the individual genes ranged from 26 to 66% and the specificity was above 92% for all genes except FHIT. The combination of PGP9.5, KIF1A and DLEC had a sensitivity of 84% and a specificity of 92%. Ectopic expression of DCC and DLC1 lead to decrease in colony formation and invasion properties. Our results indicate that methylation of novel biomarkers in NPC could be used to enhance early detection approaches. Additionally, our functional studies reveal previously unknown tumor suppressor roles in NPC.
Recognizing young children in need of mental health assessment: Development and preliminary validity of the early childhood screening assessment
Authors: Gleason Mary Margaret , Zeanah Charles H. , Dickstein Susan 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe Early Childhood Screening Assessment (ECSA) is a primary care screening measure developed to identify very young children (1½–5 years old) who need further emotional or behavioral assessment. The ECSA was developed specifically to meet the logistical constraints of primary care settings. This study assessed the preliminary psychometric properties of the ECSA by comparing it with extant validated measures of young children's emotional and behavioral development, comparing it with a diagnostic interview, and measuring test‐retest reliability. In the study, 309 mothers in two primary care clinics completed the ECSA and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL; T. Achenbach & L. Rescorla, 2000). A subset (n = 69) also completed the Diagnostic Interview for the Preschool Age (DIPA; M. Scheeringa & N. Haslett, 2010). ECSA score correlated significantly and strongly with the CBCL Total Problem T score (Spearman's rho = 0.86, p ⩽ .01). The ECSA was 86% sensitive and 83% specific in identifying DIPA diagnoses. Internal consistency of the ECSA was 0.91. Test‐retest reliability at 10 days was excellent (Spearman's rho = 0.81, p ⩽ .01). The ECSA is an easy‐to‐use screening measure that demonstrates strong convergent validity, criterion validity, and test‐retest reliability in the pediatric setting. It shows potential as a feasible and psychometrically strong tool for busy primary care providers to identify preschoolers who need further socioemotional assessment.