bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring Edible Insects: A Review on Protein Diversity, Extraction Techniques, and Health Benefits
Authors: Mittal Ravi K. , Krishna Gaurav , Sharma Vikram 
Published: May 2024

Abstract:
This study investigates whether edible insects may be used as a sustainable protein
source. This study covers insect proteins, their defatting process and extraction, health advantages,
economic and environmental impacts, safety considerations, and regulatory aspects.
This review also investigates the ecological benefits of insect farming and consumer acceptance
of this dietary trend. A systematic search of the pertinent literature was conductedto collect data
for this review. Current research examines the effects of using edible insects as functional, sustainable
reservoirs of proteins, including protein screening, extraction methods, health benefits,
and social recognition. The varied isolation techniques considerably affect protein amount and
quality. . This review clarifies the broad spectrum of proteins in edible insects, particularly their
nutritional importance and effective extraction methods. The viability of insects as a sustainable
source of protein is highlighted by the safety considerations and the interaction of economic and
ecological considerations with complex consumer characteristics.
Diagnostic Value of X-Map Images Reconstructed by Plain Dual-Energy
Computed Tomography Scans in Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Cui Yongsheng , Gong Weiyi , Duan Shuhua , Ji Guanming , Wang Yuqi , Wu Xuehui , Shi Hongfeng 
Published: May 2024

Objective::
This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of X-Map reconstruction based on Dual-Energy Computed Tomography (DECT) in acute
ischemic stroke (AIS).

Methods::
Sixty-six cases of suspected AIS patients hospitalized from November, 2021 to April, 2022 were retrospectively selected. DECT, Computed
Tomography Perfusion imaging (CTP), Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA), and MRI were all performed within 24 hours after symptom
onset. As the gold standard for diagnosing AIS, a total of 53 patients were diagnosed with AIS based on the diffusion-weighted imaging positive
results in MRI. The Chi-square test was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of AIS among X-Map, CTP, and CTA.

Results::
In the 53 patients with confirmed ASI, a total of 72 lesions were detected, including in the frontal lobes (n=33), parietal lobes (n=7), temporal lobes
(n=12), basal ganglia regions (n=12), thalamus (n=3), and pons (n=5). The case detection rate of X-Map for AIS was similar to that of CTP
(p=0.151) but was significantly higher than that of CTA (p<0.001). In terms of diagnostic efficacy, among the total 66 patients enrolled, X-Map
achieved a higher diagnostic sensitivity (85%) than CTP and CTA. However, CTP achieved the best diagnostic specificity (84.6%) and diagnostic
accuracy (77.4%) among the diagnostic tools used.

Conclusion::
X-Map provides a better or equal clinical value for the diagnosis of AIS as compared to CTA and CTP, respectively, highlighting its potential in
clinical applications.
In Silico Discovery and Predictive Modeling of Novel Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) Inhibitors for Alzheimer's Treatment
Authors: Suha Humaera Noor , Hossain Md. Shamim , Rahman Shofiur , Alodhayb Abdullah , Hossain Md. Mainul , Kawsar Sarkar M. A. , Poirier Raymond , Uddin Kabir M. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract:
Introduction: Alzheimer's disease, akin to coronary artery disease of the heart, is a progressive
brain disorder driven by nerve cell damage. Method: This study utilized computational
methods to explore 14 anti-acetylcholinesterase (AChE) derivatives (1 ̶ 14) as potential treatments.
By scrutinizing their interactions with 11 essential target proteins (AChE, Aβ, BChE, GSK-3β,
MAO B, PDE-9, Prion, PSEN-1, sEH, Tau, and TDP-43) and comparing them with established
drugs such as donepezil, galantamine, memantine, and rivastigmine, ligand 14 emerged as notable.
During molecular dynamics simulations, the protein boasting the strongest bond with the critical
1QTI protein and exceeding drug-likeness criteria also exhibited remarkable stability within the
enzyme's pocket across diverse temperatures (300 ̶ 320 K). In addition, we utilized density functional
theory (DFT) to compute dipole moments and molecular orbital properties, including assessing
the thermodynamic stability of AChE derivatives. Result: This finding suggests a welldefined,
potentially therapeutic interaction further supported by theoretical and future in
vitro and in vivo investigations. Conclusion: Ligand 14 thus emerges as a promising candidate in
the fight against Alzheimer's disease.

objective:
By scrutinizing their interactions with 11 essential target proteins (1GOS, 1H8F, 1IYT, 1QLX, 1QTI, 2KR6, 2MZ7, 4BDS, 4G2J, 5AKX, and 5MRG) and comparing them with established drugs such as donepezil, galantamine, memantine, and rivastigmine, ligand 14 emerged as notable. During molecular dynamics simulations, the protein boasting the strongest bond with the critical 1QTI protein and exceeding drug-likeness criteria also exhibited remarkable stability within the enzyme's pocket across diverse temperatures (300 ̶ 320 K). In addition, we utilized density functional theory (DFT) to compute dipole moments and molecular orbital properties, including assessing the thermodynamic stability of AChE derivatives. This finding suggests a well-defined, potentially therapeutic interaction further supported by theoretical and future in vitro and in vivo investigations. Ligand 14 thus emerges as a promising candidate in the fight against Alzheimer's disease.
Elucidating the Signaling Pathways Involved in Erectile Dysfunction
Authors: Kaya-Sezginer Ecem , Celik Aybuke , Kirlangic Omer Faruk 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Erectile Dysfunction (ED) is a common sexual disorder among men
aged 20 years and over. It is predominantly characterized by alterations in the key physiological
pathways regulating erectile function, such as nitric oxide and Ras homolog gene family member
A (RhoA)/Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK). Beyond these pathways, multiple molecular
signaling networks are involved in ED pathogenesis.

Objective:
This review aims todescribe the major signal transduction pathways that impact erectile
function and contribute to the introduction of the pathogenesis of ED.

Methods:
A literature review of ED was performed from 2000 to 2023 using PubMed, Scopus,
and Embase. “ED” and “related signaling pathway”, “molecular mechanisms” terms were used.

Results:
Further basic and clinical studies are required to define the underlying molecular mechanisms
of ED. The signaling pathways that were not affected by phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors
(PDE5i) may be the reason for the reduced efficacy of this first-line treatment option in
a variety of conditions.

Conclusion:
There is still a need for a deeper description of the molecular mechanisms in terms
of fibrosis, angiogenesis, apoptosis, inflammation, oxidative stress, autophagy, and hypoxia to
identify new possible targets underlying the pathogenesis of ED. This comprehensive review
expounds on the principal signaling pathways, offering valuable insights that may catalyze the
development of innovative and enhanced therapies for managing ED.
Indoor Localization and Path Planning of Mobile Disinfection and Epidemic Prevention Robot
Authors: Su Wei , Qin Tao , Wang Jia , Wen Jingyang 
Published: May 2024

Introduction:
In response to the challenge of autonomous localization and navigation
for mobile disinfection robots in unknown environments during the COVID-19 pandemic based on
the existing patent technology of mobile robots, a localization and navigation approach combining
the Cartographer-Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) algorithm, an improved A* algorithm,
and the Dynamic Window Approach (DWA) has been proposed, enabling effective disinfection
and prevention work.

Method:
First, a comprehensive analysis of two laser SLAM algorithm frameworks, Gmapping-
SLAM and Cartographer-SLAM, was conducted, which determined the Cartographer algorithm as
the optimal SLAM algorithm for the mobile disinfection robot due to its superior performance. Second,
an improved A* algorithm was developed based on its principles and integrated with the
DWA algorithm for optimal path planning.

Result:
Simulation and prototype experiments demonstrated that the proposed approach effectively
solved the autonomous localization and navigation challenges faced by mobile disinfection robots
in unknown environments, enabling successful disinfection and prevention tasks.

Conclusion:
The proposed approach has the potential to lead to new patent applications in this
field.
The Expression of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 Alpha (HIF-1α) as a Potential Target for Hypoxic Therapy in COVID-19 Cases
Authors: Wulandari Endah , Hapsari Rr Ayu , Tjakradidjaja Francisca A. , Alfiah Alfiah , Suri Auliyani Andam 
Published: May 2024

Background:
The cellular response to hypoxia is characterized by the stabilization of the
HIF-1α protein, which will form a transcription factor that activates genes for low oxygen adaptation.
Positive cases of COVID-19 are often characterized by hypoxia, especially in patients with
comorbidities. This hypoxic condition will mediate drug resistance or weaken the patient's condition,
resulting in lengthening treatment time and even causing death. This study aims to analyze the cellular
expression of the HIF-1α gene in patients confirmed positive for COVID-19 with the alpha, beta,
delta, and omicron variants.

Methods:
The research design used was observational, with parameters measuring HIF-1 mRNA
expression (RT-PCR, protein (ELISA), and its correlation. The samples used were nose-throat swabs
from COVID-19 patients.

Results:
The expression of HIF-1α mRNA and protein levels produced in variants of COVID-19
patients was compared with controls (times; ng/mL): alpha (0.53; 18.08), beta (0.92; 19.98), delta
(0.65; 25.83), and omicron (0.73; 19.85) (Kruskal-Wallis test, p <0.01). The correlation between
mRNA expression of HIF-1α and HIF-1α proteins was found to be significantly negative (Pearson
Correlation test R = -0.589).

Conclusion:
In this study, it was found that a decrease in HIF-1α mRNA expression (the result of
transcription) increased the levels of HIF-1α protein (the result of translation) and stable HIF-1α
expression. Moreover, cellular hypoxia occurred in patients with confirmed positive for COVID-19,
with the alpha, beta, delta, and omicron variants. This study can be used as a basis for therapy to
control viruses that cause hypoxia in the future.

result:
The expression of HIF-1α mRNA and protein levels produced in variants of COVID-19 patients compared with controls (times; ng/mL): alpha (0.53; 18.08), beta (0.92; 19.98), delta (0.65 ; 25.83), omicron (0.73; 19.85) (Kruskal Wallis test, p <0.01); The correlation between mRNA expression of HIF-1α and HIF-1α proteins obtained strong negative results (Pearson Correlation test R = -0.589 ).
Exploring New Models for Implementing Sustainable Integrated Health Access for People in Vulnerable Positions: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Multiple Case Study
Authors: Mejsner Sofie Buch , Aslaug Jane , Bech Mickael , Burau Viola , Mark Dorte , Vixø Kathrine , Westergaard Caroline Louise , Fehsenfeld Michael 
Published: May 2024

Background
Health care is a strongly universal right across European welfare states; however, social inequalities in health persist. This literature argues that health care organization is an important but overlooked determinant of social inequalities in health, as health systems buffer or amplify structural and individual health determinants. The Client-Centered Coordination Platform (3CP) model offers integrated health access to people with severe mental illness, through core groups of professionals from across health and social services.

Objective
This study focuses on vulnerable people with severe mental health problems and aims to analyze how the model can give people with severe mental illness more integrated access to health and social care. This can form a stepping-stone for the upscaling of the 3CP model.

Methods
We conduct a 5-year multiple case study of 3 municipalities in Denmark, where 3CP is being implemented. In a 1-year pilot study, we expect to gather quantitative registry data from the municipalities and the Central Denmark Region to explore the characteristics of people included in 3CP. We will also collect qualitative data, including 21 hours of observations; 36 interviews with users, professionals, and managers; and 3 focus groups across the 3 municipalities. In a subsequent, 4-year qualitative study, we aim to conduct 120 hours of observations, 120 interviews, and 24 focus groups. In parallel with the qualitative study, we will facilitate a cocreation process to develop tools for sustaining integrated health access.

Results
As of January 2024, we have completed the individual interviews with users of 3CP and professionals and the focus groups. Individual interviews of managers will be conducted during the 1st quarter of 2024. The quantitative data are being collected.

Conclusions
Inequality is one of the greatest challenges that European societies face. Understanding new and innovative approaches to integrated care may provide valuable solutions to the challenges posed. Especially understanding and designing health and social care systems that meet the needs and abilities of those users requiring them most, is vitally important to tackle inequality.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/56197
Meningites infecciosas: aspectos epidemiológicos da doença no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul
Authors: Bertati Leticia Martins , Fonseca Jakeline Miranda , Goldfinger Ana Paula Rezende de Oliveira , Arruda Larissa Domingues Castilho de , Neves Danielle Ahad das , Frias Danila Fernanda Rodrigues 
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Meningitis is a global medical emergency that requires immediate diagnosis and treatment due to its high mortality and morbidity rates. Objective: To depict the epidemiology of infectious meningitis in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul from 2010 to 2022. Method: For this research, a cross-sectional, descriptive, retrospective, and quantitative study was conducted using the state of Mato Grosso do Sul as the unit of analysis. The sample was delimited to the period from 2010 to 2022, and the information was coded and collected from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN), considering the year and month of notification, notification municipality, age, sex, race/color, education, etiology, serogroup, confirmation criteria, and case evolution. Results: During the analyzed period, 2,826 cases of meningitis were reported, with 71.3% confirmed. The most affected individuals were males of mixed race/color and children aged 0 to 9 years. The prevalence in the state was 7.7 cases per 10,000 inhabitants. The majority of meningitis cases (39.7%) were classified as unspecified meningitis and 23.1% as aseptic meningitis. The lethality rate during the study period was 11.3%, with a concentration of deaths at the extremes of age. Conclusions: Although meningitis is a well-known disease, its lethality rate remains high. It is suggested to intensify control and prevention actions in municipalities, combined with demonstrating the importance of notifying the disease to epidemiological surveillance, which will help in organizing more targeted and specific action strategies to combat cases.
The Changing Meanings of Political Terms and Their Reflection in Dictionaries
Authors: Veisbergs Andrejs 
Published: May 2024

When observing media texts, one cannot help but notice that some political terms are used with a meaning widely different from that offered by mainstream middle-size dictionaries, which generally stick to the initial, sometimes etymological senses. Corpora analysis confirms the shift in senses and divergence of use. The aim of this paper is to analyse the meaning and use of two terms ubiquitous in the public sphere: fascist/fascism and liberal/liberalism, their original meanings, and subsequent changes in meaning and use. Though the limited space available for defining terms in a general explanatory dictionary makes it extremely difficult to reflect all ideological tinges and meanings, where a frequently used political term seems to have developed stable, different, even opposite meanings, this should be reflected by introducing ideological polysemy in dictionary definitions.
Rhetorical Risk Zones in Mediatexts of Turbulent Times
Authors: Morina L. A. 
Published: May 2024

The concept of rhetorical risk is introduced and actualized within the framework of the rhetorical decoding of the text concept aimed at studying the mechanisms of effective text formation. The phenomenon of textual effectiveness gains particular significance in turbulent periods of human existence. The research material consists of a corpus of mediatexts created during the COVID-19 pandemic and in April 2024 during the devastating flooding in the Southern Urals and Western Siberia. The aim of the article is to identify the zones of rhetorical risks in the text and to identify their indicators. In accordance with the methodological principles of linguorhetorical reconstruction, the zones of rhetorical risks in the text were identified as inventive, dispositival, and elocutive. Indicators of the inventive zone include the implicitness of the speaker’s practical goal-setting and the orthodoxy of the thesis put forward. Indicators of dispositival risk zones include one-dimensionality of argumentation, excessive use of statistical data as arguments, and frequency of related reasoning. The elocutive zone of rhetorical risks arises due to the speakers’ neglect of such a significant communicative criterion for turbulent times as dialogism. The research results can have broad professional applications — from educational activities to mass media and linguo-expert practices.
Semantic prosody, semantic transfer and semantic change
Authors: Russnes Mathias 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This article investigates semantic prosody in a diachronic perspective. Although prosodies have been shown to change over time, there is no consensus regarding the source of such changes. The present study explores this further through a corpus study of the development of the lemmas fabric, fabricate and fabrication from the late 15th century to the late 20th century, drawing on material from Early English Books Online, the Corpus of Late Modern English Texts and the British National Corpus. The results of the study show that prosodic changes coincide with the emergence of new senses and indicate that these processes are related to and possibly caused by semantic transfer induced by persistent prosodies over time.
Role of Human Capital as A Driver For Sustainable Economic Growth in Western Balkan Countries
Authors: Devassia Binu Peediyeckal , Karma Emiljan , Muço Klodian 
Published: May 2024

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of years of education and life expectancy on the economic development of the Western Balkan Countries (Southeast Europe).

Theoretical Framework: This study considers the impact of exogenous and endogenous theories of economic growth, with a particular focus on the role of human capital (human resources) in driving economic development.

Method: We have proposed a panel data regression methodology in which the dependent variable is the GDP per capita. The countries analyzed are covered from 2012 to 2021 and the total number of observations in the panel is 50. This study used secondary data from the WorldBank databases.

Findings: The results reveal a positive correlation between the Education Index and Labor Force Participation, while the Gross Enrollment Rate in Tertiary School and Life Expectancy show a negative correlation.

Research Implications: The demographic, economic, and educational conditions in the Western Balkan countries required immediate action by policymakers to avoid a situation that cannot be sustained over the medium or long term. The governments of these nations must take action to shift the focus of higher education to a more qualitative approach.
The Impact of E-Learning on Learnlng Out Comes at the Jordanian Universities
Authors: Alsadi Mohammad Mahmoud , Momani Khaled Sulieman Ahmed , Daradkah Amjad Mahmoud , Alomari Mohammad A. S. , Awais Buthiana Elias 
Published: May 2024

Objective: The study aims to determine the impact of e-learning on learning outcomes in the Jordanian universities, and the differences in the level of e-learning impact on learning outcomes in light of gender, specialization, years of experience, and academic rank.

Theoretical Framework: this study focus on the impact of e-learning on learning outcomes at the Jordanian universities.

Method: The study used analytical descriptive design by using a survey to achieve the study objectives, The study population consisted of all faculty members in Jordanian universities. The study sample consisted of (113) faculty members who were selected by random sampling.).

Results and Discussion: The study revealed statistically significant differences in the impact of e-learning on learning outcomes at the Jordanian universities due to specialization, in favor of humanities; due to years of experience, in favor of less than 10 years; due to academic rank, in favor of associate professor; while there was no statistically significant difference in light of gender.

Research Implications: it attempts to provide a more thorough picture about the situation of e-learning in Jordanian universities and how it may help university administrations develop their technological infrastructure to help faculty members capitalize the various advantages of e-learning as an effective tool for presenting learning materials. platforms.

Originality/Value: It also hoped that the results of this study may motivate administrators in Jordanian public and private universities to develop their own learning
الحرب الأهلية اليمنية عام 1994
Authors: سعيد ندى محمد , حميد رائد سامي 
Published: May 2024

الحرب الأهلية في اليمن أيار - يوليو 1994، هي حرب نشبت بين حكومة اليمن في صنعاء وأعضاء الحزب الاشتراكي اليمني ، للمطالبة بانفصال اليمن الجنوبي عن اليمن الشمالي. كانت نتيجة الحرب هي هزيمة القوات المسلحة التابعة لليمن الجنوبي وفرار معظم قادة الحزب الاشتراكي اليمني وانفصاليين آخرين .
أما حيدر أبو بكر العطاس ، رئيس الوزراء في جمهورية اليمن الديمقراطية الشعبية استمر بمنصب رئيس الوزراء ، ولكن حكومته كانت غير فعالة بسبب الاقتتال الداخلي. المفاوضات المستمرة بين القادة في الشمال والجنوب أسفرت عن توقيع وثيقة العهد والاتفاق في العاصمة الأردنية عمان يوم 20 فبراير 1994. وبالرغم من ذلك ، اشتدت حدة الاشتباكات حتى اندلعت الحرب الاهلية في أوائل مايو 1994.