bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inductive study of confidentiality: for everyone
Authors: Bella Giampaolo 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
The Inductive Method is among the most established tools to analyse security protocols formally. It has successfully coped with large, deployed protocols, and its findings are widely published. However, perhaps due to its embedding in a theorem prover or to the lack of tutorial publications, it is at times criticised to require super-specialised skills and hence to be rather impractical. This paper aims at showing that criticism to be stereotypical. It pursues its aim by presenting the first tutorial-style paper to using the Inductive Method. This paper cannot cover every aspect of the method. It focuses on a key one, that is how the Inductive Method treats one of the main goals of security protocols: confidentiality against a threat model. The treatment of that goal, which may seem elegant in the Inductive Method, in fact forms a key aspect of all protocol analysis tools, hence the paper motivation rises still. With only standard skills as a requirement, the reader is guided step by step towards design and proof of significant confidentiality theorems. These are developed against two threat models, the standard Dolev–Yao and a more up-to-date one, the General Attacker, the latter turning out particularly useful also for didactic purposes.
Isolation of a Δ5 Desaturase Gene from Euglena gracilis and Functional Dissection of Its HPGG and HDASH Motifs
Authors: Pollak Dana Walters , Bostick Michael W. , Yoon Hyeryoung , Wang Jamie , Hollerbach Dieter H. , He Hongxian , Damude Howard G. , Zhang Hongxiang , Yadav Narendra S. , Hong Seung‐Pyo , Sharpe Pamela , Xue Zhixiong , Zhu Quinn 
Published: June 2012

AbstractDelta (Δ) 5 desaturase is a key enzyme for the biosynthesis of health‐beneficial long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids such as arachidonic acid (ARA, C20:4n‐6), eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5n‐3) and docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6n‐3) via the “desaturation and elongation” pathways. A full length Δ5 desaturase gene from Euglena gracilis (EgΔ5D) was isolated by cloning the products of polymerase chain reaction with degenerate oligonucleotides as primers, followed by 5′ and 3′ rapid amplification of cDNA ends. The whole coding region of EgΔ5D was 1,350 nucleotides in length and encoded a polypeptide of 449 amino acids. BlastP search showed that EgΔ5D has about 39 % identity with a Δ5 desaturase of Phaeodactylum tricornutum. In a genetically modified dihomo‐gamma‐linoleic acid (DGLA, C20:3n‐6) producing Yarrowia lipolytica strain, EgΔ5D had strong Δ5 desaturase activity with DGLA to ARA conversion of more than 24 %. Functional dissection of its HPGG and HDASH motifs demonstrated that both motifs were important, but not necessary in the exact form as encoded for the enzyme activity of EgΔ5D. A double mutant EgΔ5D‐34G158G with altered sequences within both HPGG and HDASH motifs was generated and exhibited Δ5 desaturase activity similar to the wild type EgΔ5D. Codon optimization of the N‐terminal region of EgΔ5D‐34G158G and substitution of the arginine with serine at residue 347 improved substrate conversion to 27.6 %.
A coherence analysis module for SciPo: providing suggestions for scientific abstracts written in Portuguese
Authors: de Souza Vinícius Mourão Alves , Feltrim Valéria Delisandra 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
SciPo is a writing tool whose ultimate goal is to assist novice writers in producing scientific writing in Portuguese, focusing primarily on abstracts and introductions from computer science. In this paper, we describe the development of a coherence analysis module for SciPo, which aims to automatically detect semantic coherence aspects of abstracts and provide suggestions for improvement. At the core of this new module are classifiers that identify different semantic relationships among sentences within an abstract and hence indicate semantic aspects that add coherence to the abstract. Such classifiers are based on a set of features extracted automatically from the surface of the text and by Latent Semantic Analysis processing. All classifiers were evaluated intrinsically and their performance was higher than the baseline. We also resorted to actual users to evaluate our coherence analysis module, which has been incorporated into the SciPo system, and results demonstrate its potential to help users write scientific abstracts with a higher level of coherence.
Intimate partner violence and psychoemotional disturbance among pregnant women admitted to hospital with prenatal complications
Authors: Salazar‐Pousada Danny , Astudillo Cesar , Gonzaga Martha , Hidalgo Luis , Pérez‐López Faustino R. , Chedraui Peter 
Published: June 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo assess intimate partner violence (IPV) and psychoemotional disturbance among pregnant women in a low‐income setting.MethodsIn total, 283 pregnant women with high‐risk prenatal complications were surveyed via the 20‐item Self‐Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ‐20) and the Violence against Women screening tool. A total SRQ‐20 score of at least 7 was defined as indicating psychoemotional disturbance.ResultsMedian age of participants was 24 years, 65 (23.0%) came from marginal areas, 6 (2.1%) had no education, and 75 (26.5%) had fewer than 5 prenatal visits. Median gestational age at survey was 33 weeks, with 224 (79.2%) admitted for treatment of threatened preterm labor. Median age of partner was 27 years, and 72 (25.5%) consumed alcohol on a daily basis. Ninety‐eight (34.6%) pregnant women experienced at least 1 type of physical abuse or violence during the current pregnancy. Median total SRQ‐20 score was 7. Overall, 145 (51.2%) had scores of 7 or higher. Total SRQ‐20 scores positively correlated with the presence of IPV (number of positive items) and parity, and inversely correlated with maternal education level and gestational age at survey.ConclusionIPV was highly prevalent and significantly correlated with female psychoemotional disturbance.
Evaluation of coagulation abnormalities among women with vaginal bleeding in the first trimester of pregnancy
Authors: Kovač Vilma , Vlaisavljević Veljko , Reljič Milan 
Published: June 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo compare blood coagulation parameters between pregnant women with vaginal bleeding in the first trimester of pregnancy and pregnant women with normal pregnancy in the first trimester.MethodsA prospective controlled study of 98 women in the first trimester of vital pregnancy was conducted at the University Medical Centre Maribor, Slovenia. The study group comprised women with vaginal bleeding (n = 50) while the control group women with normal pregnancy, admitted for artificial abortion (n = 48). Prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), fibrinogen concentration, number of platelets, hemogram, coagulation factor VIII (FVIII) and von Willebrand factor (VWF) activity were compared between the 2 groups.ResultsNo significant between‐group differences were detected in mean PT, fibrinogen concentration, FVIII, and VWF activity. Mean aPTT was significantly higher in the control group than the study group (32.47 versus 30.46 seconds; P < 0.05). The mean number of platelets was significantly lower in the study group than the control group (181.69 versus 203.52 × 109/L; P < 0.05). All measured coagulation parameters, except VWF activity, were within normal ranges.ConclusionCoagulation abnormalities are rarely the cause of vaginal bleeding in the first trimester of pregnancy among women with no previous symptoms of bleeding disorders.
Embolization to treat pelvic congestion syndrome and vulval varicose veins
Authors: van der Vleuten Carine J.M. , van Kempen Janneke A.L. , Schultze‐Kool Leo J. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of embolization for treating the symptoms of pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS).MethodsTwenty‐one women with PCS who were treated with embolization at Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre between 2003 and 2008 were sent a questionnaire about their symptoms before embolization, 2 months after the first embolization, and at the time the survey was conducted.ResultsAll patients completed the questionnaire. Two months after the first embolization, 14 (66.7%) women had some degree of improvement of symptoms. Nine (42.9%) patients underwent a second embolization. At the time the survey was conducted, 16 (76.2%) patients had some degree of improvement of symptoms. In addition to improvements in varicose veins and pelvic pain, there was improvement of hemorrhoids.ConclusionEmbolization of pelvic varicosities may be an effective treatment in a well‐selected group of patients with PCS. If there is no improvement of symptoms after initial embolization, a second procedure is unlikely to be effective.
Biofuels: the food versus fuel debate.
Authors: Timilsina G. R. 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
The increase in prices of food commodities since 2001, culminating in the food crisis of 2007/08 gave birth to the food versus fuel debate. Several studies over the past few years have pointed to biofuels as one of the culprits of the food crisis; although the magnitudes of impact in these studies vary widely depending on the underlying assumptions and structure of the models used for the analysis. The food versus fuel debate will accelerate if the expansion of crop-based or first-generation biofuels continues without appropriate arrangements for food security given that the global food demand is projected to double by 2050. The existing literature, in general, does not favour a large-scale diversion of food commodities towards production of biofuels at the global scale because it does not help much to substitute a significant portion of fossil fuels: instead, it simply puts substantial pressure on the global food supply. However, in some countries and regions where land supply is not an issue, production of biofuels should not be ruled out. Moreover, if regulated properly, biofuels could provide incentives to utilize abandoned and marginal lands for agricultural production, help improve agriculture intensification and generate employment in rural areas. In response to the food versus fuel debate, many countries have now focused on advanced biofuels that do not directly compete with food supply, although they do through land reallocations. Some countries have also designed policy framework to protect crop lands and natural forests from biofuel expansion. Some literature argues that intensification of agricultural, particularly in developing countries, would help address the food versus fuel debate, whereas others contend that any increase in agricultural production must be focused on meeting the growing food demand.
Sildenafil enhances systolic adaptation, but does not prevent diastolic dysfunction, in the pressure‐loaded right ventricle
Authors: Borgdorff Marinus A.J. , Bartelds Beatrijs , Dickinson Michael G. , Boersma Bibiche , Weij Michel , Zandvoort Andre , Silljé Herman H.W. , Steendijk Paul , de Vroomen Maartje , Berger Rolf M.F. 
Published: June 2012

AimRight ventricular (RV) failure due to pressure or volume overload is a major risk factor for early mortality in congenital heart disease and pulmonary hypertension, but currently treatments are lacking. We aimed to demonstrate that the phosphodiesterase 5A inhibitor sildenafil can prevent adverse remodelling and improve function in chronic abnormal RV overload, independent from effects on the pulmonary vasculature.Methods and resultsIn rat models of either pressure or volume overload, we performed pressure–volume studies to measure haemodynamic effects and voluntary exercise testing as clinical outcome after 4 weeks of sildenafil (or vehicle) administration. In the pressure‐loaded right ventricle, sildenafil enhanced contractility [end‐systolic elastance (mmHg/mL) 247 ±68 vs.155 ±71, sildenafil vs. vehicle, P < 0.05], prevented RV dilatation [end‐diastolic volume (μL) 733 ±50 vs. 874 ±39, P < 0.05], reduced wall stress [peak wall stress (mmHg) 323 ±46 vs. 492 ±62, P < 0.05], and partially preserved exercise tolerance [running distance (%) –33 ±15 vs. –62 ±12, P < 0.05]. Protein kinase A was not activated by sildenafil and thus did not mediate the observed effects. In contrast, protein kinase G‐1 was activated by sildenafil, but hypertrophy was not inhibited. Importantly, sildenafil did not prevent diastolic dysfunction, whereas RV fibrosis appeared to be increased in sildenafil‐treated rats. In the volume‐loaded right ventricle, sildenafil treatment did not show any beneficial effects.ConclusionWe demonstrate sildenafil to have beneficial, afterload‐independent effects on the pressure‐loaded right ventricle, but not on the volume‐loaded right ventricle. These results indicate that sildenafil may offer a specific treatment for the pressure‐loaded right ventricle, although persistent diastolic dysfunction and RV fibrosis could be of concern.
Facebook use in libraries: an exploratory analysis
Authors: Aharony Noa 
Published: June 2012

PurposeThe current study aims to present an exploratory analysis of the use of Facebook in American public and academic libraries, with the purpose of understanding patterns of Facebook use in libraries.Design/methodology/approachThis study presents both a statistical descriptive analysis and a content analysis.FindingsThe research findings show that both kinds of libraries use the information section and the wall and that there is a difference in the use of other Facebook sections, which was surprisingly limited in both kinds of libraries. In addition, public libraries use the wall and the photos section as major channels of information more than academic libraries. Concentrating on the content of the Facebook wall posts, it appears that there are some differences between the two sections (categories and sub‐categories). However, it seems that both kinds of libraries use Facebook simply as a way to deliver information to users, rather than as a venue for discussion.Originality/valueResearch findings enable librarians and information scientists to better understand the Facebook phenomenon in different kinds of libraries.
Normative interventions, emergent cognition and decision rationality in ad hoc and established groups
Authors: Curşeu Petru , Schruijer Sandra 
Published: June 2012

PurposeAs normative interventions (NIs) have been claimed to be effective in improving decision quality in groups, the aim of the paper is to address the effectiveness of NIs in ad hoc and established groups across several task domains.Design/methodology/approachThree experimental studies were conducted to test the effects of NIs on collective cognition, group rationality, and decision quality.FindingsThe first experimental study (58 groups) compared the effects of NIs on the emergence of group level cognitive structures. The results show that NIs lead to higher group cognitive complexity in established rather than in ad hoc groups. The second study tests the effects of NIs on group rationality (as emergent group competence) in a sample of 40 established groups and shows that NIs have synergic effects and foster group rationality. In the third study the insights of the first two studies are extended to a more realistic decision task performed by groups of managers. The results of the last study show that decision quality is higher in groups that received NIs as compared to groups that did not receive NIs.Research limitations/implicationsThe results contribute to the group cognition literature by showing the synergic effects of NIs.Practical implicationsThe results show that NIs are simple and effective ways of improving information processing and decision quality in established decision‐making groups.Social implicationsNIs help in achieving better decisions throughout society.Originality/valueThe paper is the first comprehensive test of the impact of NIs on group information processing across several cognitive tasks and the first to explore group rationality as an emergent group‐level competence.
How to intensify the individual's feelings of belonging to a social networking site?
Authors: Sánchez‐Franco Manuel J. , Buitrago‐Esquinas Eva M. , Yñiguez Rocío 
Published: June 2012

PurposeThis paper aims to test an interaction effects model that includes perceived community support, community satisfaction, and post‐adoption behaviours by analysing a social networking site called Tuenti. Inclusion of routinisation as a moderator allows, in particular, the overcoming of inconsistencies of relationships among key drivers found in previous studies.Design/methodology/approachThe research uses partial least squares to estimate the parameters of the interaction effects model.FindingsOverall, community satisfaction leads Tuenti members to develop community participation and feelings of belonging, and identification with other members. In particular, routinised behaviours predispose members to a higher influence of community satisfaction on community integration – reducing the main effect of perceived support. The higher community satisfaction also results in a lower influence of perceived support on active participation.Originality/valueAlthough previous research provides evidence of the possible effects of perceived community support and satisfaction on social behaviours, a review of the literature reveals that there are still very few published studies that analyse the interaction effects of community satisfaction and routinisation and consequently, improve the explanatory power of the theoretical framework.
Is telework effective for organizations?
Authors: Harker Martin Brittany , MacDonnell Rhiannon 
Published: June 2012

PurposeTelework is an alternative work relationship with demonstrated positive benefits for individuals and society, yet it has not been implemented with enthusiasm by most organizations. This could be due to the lacking, consolidated evidence for management regarding whether or not telework is a good thing for the firm. The purpose of this paper is to integrate multidisciplinary literature that reports effects of telework on organizational outcomes with the aim of providing a clearer answer to the question: is telework effective for organizations?Design/methodology/approachMeta‐analytical methods were used, beginning with an interdisciplinary search for effect sizes in eight databases. Limited to scholarly journals and dissertations, results included 991 articles scanned for inclusion criteria. The independent variable is telework, measured as a dichotomous variable. Dependent variables are outcomes of interest to organizations: productivity, retention, turnover intention, commitment, and performance. In total, 22 studies were double coded and meta‐analyzed using Hunter and Schmidt's approach, followed by five exploratory moderator analyses: level of analysis, level of the employee, response rate, proportion of females, and country of the study. Significant results are discussed.FindingsReview and meta analysis of 32 correlations from empirical studies find that there is a small but positive relationship between telework and organizational outcomes. Telework is perceived to increase productivity, secure retention, strengthen organizational commitment, and to improve performance within the organization. In other words, it is indeed beneficial for organizations. All five hypotheses are supported.H1 (productivity), rc=0.23 (k=5,n=620), (95% CI=0.13−0.33).H2 (retention),r=0.10 (k=6,n=1652), (95% CI=0.04−0.16).H3 (commitment),r=0.11 (k=8,n=3144), (95% CI=0.03−0.18); moderator analysis shows sample age is significant (F(1,4)=4.715,p<0.05, R2=0.80).H4 (performance),r=0.16 (k=10,n=2522).H5 (organizational outcomes),r=0.17 (k=19,n=5502), (95% CI=0.1−0.20).Originality/valueTo the authors' knowledge, this is the first meta‐analysis of telework research at the organizational level, providing a unique contribution to the field in filling the gap between research on effects to the individual and society. Additional contributions resulted from the moderator analyses: first, in finding that the relationship between telework and performance is moderated by whether or not the sample was one individual per firm, or many individuals from one; and second, in finding that the relationship between telework and organizational commitment is moderated by age. Thus, the paper provides unique contributions with both scholarly and practical implications.
Psychosomatic model of workplace bullying: Australian and Ugandan schoolteachers
Authors: Casimir Gian , McCormack Darcy , Djurkovic Nikola , Nsubuga‐Kyobe Apollo 
Published: June 2012

PurposeThe main purpose of this paper is to examine the psychosomatic model of downward workplace bullying in different cultures.Design/methodology/approachA cross‐sectional design was used. Participants were teachers in government and non‐government high schools in Australia and the Republic of Uganda. Participants completed a self‐report questionnaire.FindingsThe psychosomatic model is supported for both the Australian and the Ugandan samples. However, the relationship between bullying and physical symptoms is fully mediated by negative affect for the Australian sample but partially mediated for the Ugandan sample. The correlation between bullying and negative affect is stronger for the Australian sample than for the Ugandan sample.Research limitations/implicationsThe psychosomatic model was extended by including culture as a moderator of the bullying‐negative affect relationship. The findings show that the psychosomatic model of workplace bullying is a variform universal. All participants are schoolteachers and the findings may therefore not be generalisable to employees in other occupations. The validity of the findings is questionable as the data are self‐reported. The cross‐sectional design used precludes any conclusions being made about cause‐effect relationships. Future studies should consider other personality dimensions that may influence the psychosomatic model of bullying and the use of a longitudinal design.Practical implicationsDownward bullying reduces employee effectiveness because the ensuing negative affect and physical symptoms hamper employees from performing optimally. Furthermore, targets may adopt avoidance strategies, such as absenteeism and turnover, to avoid being bullied.Originality/valueThe psychosomatic model of workplace bullying was examined cross‐culturally for the first time.
Why come into work ill? Individual and organizational factors underlying presenteeism
Authors: Collins Alison , Cartwright Susan 
Published: June 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the perceptions of managers and employees, in one private and one public sector organization, towards an individual's decision to go to work, despite being unwell, a phenomenon known as presenteeism in the literature.Design/methodology/approachQualitative interviews (n=33) were used to investigate the personal beliefs and attitudes of managers and employees towards presenteeism in an attempt to understand why individuals come into work, despite being unwell, rather than taking time off work.FindingsThis paper explores the factors that influence an individual's decision to come into work despite being ill. Employees who are unwell are likely to take into consideration a combination of factors before deciding whether to come into work or take sick leave. The study's findings highlight the importance of both the work environment and an individual's personal motivation, including their work ethic, on presenteeism, providing further evidence that context is important.Originality/valueThe study's findings support previous research that attendance management mechanisms implemented by the organization can lead to absenteeism. However, well‐designed and managed return to work policies can be of reciprocal benefit to both the organization and the employee.