bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cervical leiomyomas in pregnancy: Report of 17 cases
Authors: Tian Jishun , Hu Wensheng 
Published: February 2012

AimTo analyse the management strategies and delivery outcomes of women with cervical leiomyomas in pregnancy.MethodsWe retrospectively analysed the pregnancy outcomes of 17 women with cervical leiomyomas. The outcome measures assessed included the volume of blood loss at delivery, need for blood transfusion, intra‐ and post‐operative complications and length of hospital stay.ResultsThe mean diameter of the leiomyomas was 10.4 ± 7.2 cm, with a range of 3–30 cm. The mean blood loss was 697 ± 394 mL (range of 350–4200 mL). Six women (35.3%) required a blood transfusion. The mean duration of stay in hospital after delivery was 7.9 ± 3.9 days (range 4–20 days). There were three cases of severe haemorrhage or infection post‐operation necessitating hysterectomy, and all of the leiomyomas in these cases were more than 20 cm in diameter. There was a positive correlation between the blood loss volume and the size of leiomyomas (correlation coefficient 0.638, P < 0.01).ConclusionsThe dimensions of cervical leiomyomas influences post‐partum blood loss. Large cervical leiomyomas appear associated with adverse outcomes. When the leiomyomas are relatively small, an experienced practitioner could consider myomectomy during a caesarean delivery.
Field observation of foraging behavior by a group of adult diving beetles Agabus (Gaurodytes) bipustulatus preying on an adult Lissotriton boscai
Authors: ROSA Gonçalo M. , LAURENTINO Telma , MADEIRA Madalena 
Published: February 2012

AbstractAdult dytiscids prey on a variety of items including other invertebrates but also larger prey such as frogs and fish. Observations of anuran larvae predation are common. However, there have been no reports concerning predation on caudata post‐metamorphosis by dytiscids. Here we describe a predation event by a group of adult diving beetles of the species Agabus (Gaurodytes) bipustulatus (Linnaeus, 1767) on an adult Lissotriton boscai (Lataste in Tourneville, 1879). This report represents the first observation of foraging behavior of adult diving beetles preying on and consuming a living post‐metamorphic newt.
A brief history on the oscillating roles of thalamus and cortex in absence seizures
Authors: Avoli Massimo 
Published: February 2012

SummaryThis review summarizes the findings obtained over the past 70 years on the fundamental mechanisms underlying generalized spike‐wave (SW) discharges associated with absence seizures. Thalamus and cerebral cortex are the brain areas that have attracted most of the attention from both clinical and experimental researchers. However, these studies have often favored either one or the other structure in playing a major role, thus leading to conflicting interpretations. Beginning with Jasper and Penfield’s topistic view of absence seizures as the result of abnormal functions in the so‐called centrencephalon, we witness the naissance of a broader concept that considered both thalamus and cortex as equal players in the process of SW discharge generation. Furthermore, we discuss how recent studies have identified fine changes in cortical and thalamic excitability that may account for the expression of absence seizures in naturally occurring genetic rodent models and knockout mice. The end of this fascinating tale is presumably far from being written. However, I can confidently conclude that in the unfolding of this “novel,” we have discovered several molecular, cellular, and pharmacologic mechanisms that govern forebrain excitability, and thus consciousness, during the awake state and sleep.
Assessing the “Short Mental Distance” in Eco‐Industrial Networks
Authors: Ashton Weslynne S. , Bain Ariana C. 
Published: February 2012

SummaryLike many economic exchanges, industrial symbiosis (IS) is thought to be influenced by social relationships and shared norms among actors in a network. While many implicit references to social characteristics exist throughout the literature, there have been few explicit attempts to operationalize and measure the concepts. The “short mental distance,”“trust,”“openness,” and “communication” recorded among managers in Kalundborg, Denmark, set a precedent for examining and encouraging social interactions among key personnel in the dozens of eco‐industrial networks around the world. In this article we explore the relationships among various aspects of social embeddedness, social capital, and IS. We develop a conceptual framework and an approach using quantitative and qualitative methods to identify and measure these social characteristics, including social network structure, communication, and similarities in norms and conceptions of waste, and apply them in an industrial network in Nanjangud, South India. The findings suggest that there is a fairly high level of shared norms about dealing with waste—the “short mental distance”—in this network, but by‐product transactions are only weakly correlated with the structure and content of communication among managers. Replication of this approach can increase the understanding and comparability of the role of social characteristics in eco‐industrial activities around the world.
Evaluation oF FactORs ImpacTing CLinical Outcome and Cost EffectiveneSS of the S‐ICD: Design and Rationale of the EFFORTLESS S‐ICD Registry
Authors: PEDERSEN SUSANNE S. , LAMBIASE PIER , BOERSMA LUCAS V.A. , MURGATROYD FRANCIS , JOHANSEN JENS BROCK , REEVE HELEN , STUART A. GRAHAM , ADRAGAO PEDRO , THEUNS DOMINIC A.M.J. 
Published: February 2012

Background:

Leads in and on the heart of the transvenous implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) form the Achilles’ heel of this system due to potential for peri‐ and postimplant complications. The S‐ICD is a newer generation of the ICD that does not require leads on the heart or in the vasculature. We present the rationale and study design of the Evaluation oF FactORs ImpacTing CLinical Outcome and Cost EffectiveneSS of the S‐ICD (EFFORTLESS S‐ICD) Registry which was designed to evaluate the long‐term performance of the S‐ICD including patient quality of life and long‐term resource utilization.
Methods:

The Registry is an observational, nonrandomized, standard of care evaluation to be conducted at approximately 50 investigational centers in Europe and New Zealand where the S‐ICD is approved for use and distribution. Clinical Registry endpoints include perioperative (30 days postimplant) complication‐free rate, 360‐day complication‐free rate, and percentage of inappropriate shocks for atrial fibrillation and supraventricular ventricular tachyarrhythmia. Other endpoints include patient‐reported outcomes (e.g., quality of life) and hospital personnel implant and follow‐up experience with the S‐ICD system.
Conclusions:

Results from EFFORTLESS will build on and expand the initial published experience with the S‐ICD, which demonstrated that the device successfully and consistently detects and treats episodes of sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmias. The Registry will also evaluate the patients’ perspective of how it is to live with an S‐ICD as compared to a contemporary transvenous system and track the experience of implanting physicians and personnel performing patient follow‐up with a completely subcutaneous system. (PACE 2012; 1–6)
Barbed compared with standard suture: Effects on cellular composition and proliferation of the healing wound in the ovine uterus
Authors: EINARSSON JON I. , VONNAHME KIMBERLY A. , SANDBERG EVELIEN M. , GRAZUL‐BILSKA ANNA T. 
Published: February 2012

Abstract Objective. To compare cellular composition (fibroblasts vs. smooth muscle cells) and proliferation in uterine healing wounds after application of barbed compared with standard suture in a sheep model. Design. Randomized trial (Canadian Task Force classification I) using each animal as its own control. Setting. Certified animal research facility. Population or sample. 23 non‐pregnant ewes. Methods. A myometrial incision was created with the harmonic scalpel in each horn of the bicornuate uterus. The incisions were randomly allocated to be closed using either polyglactin 210 (Vicryl®) or barbed suture. Three months later, uterine tissues were collected, fixed and used for determination of cellular composition and proliferation using histochemistry (Masson trichrome staining) and immunohistochemistry (staining of smooth muscle cell actin and Ki67, a marker of proliferating cells) followed by image analysis. Main outcome measures. Evaluation and comparison of the cellular composition and proliferation of uterine wounds after application of barbed vs. standard suture. Results. The ratio between connective tissue elements and smooth muscle cells, expression of smooth muscle cell actin and labeling index were similar in wounds after application of barbed compared with standard suture, but were different (p < 0.0001–0.05) in wounds than in non‐wounded areas in uterus. Conclusion. Both barbed and standard sutures had similar effects on cellular composition and proliferation of uterine wounds in an animal model.
Parsing the components of the psychomotor syndrome in schizophrenia
Authors: Docx L. , Morrens M. , Bervoets C. , Hulstijn W. , Fransen E. , De Hert M. , Baeken C. , Audenaert K. , Sabbe B. 
Published: February 2012

Docx L, Morrens M, Bervoets C, Hulstijn W, Fransen E, De Hert M, Baeken C, Audenaert K, Sabbe B. Parsing the components of the psychomotor syndrome in schizophrenia.Objective:  Catatonia, extrapyramidal signs, psychomotor slowing, and (motoric) neurological soft signs are well‐known psychomotor symptoms in schizophrenia. This study aims at investigating the interrelations between these symptoms. In addition, associations between psychomotor symptoms, clinical symptoms, and cognitive functioning will be studied.Method:  An extensive test battery containing psychomotor (Bush Francis Catatonia Rating Scale; St Hans Rating Scale; Salpêtrière Retardation Rating Scale; Neurological Evaluation Scale) and clinical (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale; Calgary Depression Scale) rating scales as well as instrumental psychomotor tests (Line Copying Task; Finger Tapping Task) and cognitive tasks (Symbol Digit Substitution Test; Stroop Colour Word Test; Continuous Performance Test; Letter Number Sequencing) was administered to a sample of 124 patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder.Results:  Correlational analyses showed that two clusters emerge from our data: first, a psychomotor poverty cluster referring to the interrelations between catatonia, parkinsonism, psychomotor slowing, and negative symptoms; second, a cluster containing motoric neurological soft signs, which were found to be correlated with cognitive functioning.Conclusion:  Psychomotor abnormalities are highly prevalent phenomena in schizophrenia that have to be considered as a heterogeneous construct. However, longitudinal and neurobiological research is needed to further explore the precise nature of the interrelations found in this study.
Contesting conventional periodontal wisdom: implications for periodontal classifications
Authors: López Rodrigo , Baelum Vibeke 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThis paper examines the common approach used to classify periodontal diseases and how this obstructs our understanding of the disease process. We address the implications of including etiological and pathogenesis‐related considerations in the classifications of complex diseases like periodontitis and argue that the number of periodontal entities in a classification system ought to be determined by well‐documented differences in the management of each entity. We finally discuss how an ecosocial theory of disease distribution can be helpful to understand the determinants of the distribution of disease in the population.
Digoxin Inhibits Blood Vessel Density and HIF‐1a Expression in Castration‐Resistant C4‐2 Xenograft Prostate Tumors
Authors: Gayed Bishoy A. , O’Malley Katherine J. , Pilch Jan , Wang Zhou 
Published: February 2012

Abstract Purpose: Recent studies suggest a potential application for digoxin in the prevention and/or treatment of prostate cancer. However, the effect of digoxin on androgen receptor (AR)‐positive prostate tumor in vivo is not clear. This study is designed to determine if digoxin can inhibit AR‐positive xenograft prostate tumors.Materials and Methods: Athymic male nude mice were utilized to establish subcutaneous C4‐2 castration‐resistant prostate tumors. The animals were castrated and then treated with daily intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of digoxin at 2mg/kg along with vehicle controls for 7 consecutive days. Tumor growth was determined by measuring tumor volume changes, blood vessel density by immunostaining of CD31, and cell proliferation by BrdU labeling. The expression of HIF‐1a in C4‐2 tumors was measured by Western blot and real‐time RT‐PCR.Results: Digoxin inhibited blood vessel density about fourfold and down‐regulated HIF‐1a expression at both mRNA and protein levels. However, digoxin did not inhibit C4‐2 tumor growth.Conclusions: Digoxin is a potent inhibitor of HIF‐1a signaling pathway and blood vessel formation in C4‐2 castration‐resistant prostate tumors. Clin Trans Sci 2012; Volume #: 1–4
Discovery Proteomics and Nonparametric Modeling Pipeline in the Development of a Candidate Biomarker Panel for Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever
Authors: Brasier Allan R. , Garcia Josefina , Wiktorowicz John E. , Spratt Heidi M. , Comach Guillermo , Ju Hyunsu , Recinos Adrian , Soman Kizhake , Forshey Brett M. , Halsey Eric S. , Blair Patrick J. , Rocha Claudio , Bazan Isabel , Victor Sundar S. , Wu Zheng , Stafford Susan , Watts Douglas , Morrison Amy C. , Scott Thomas W. , Kochel Tadeusz J. ,   the Venezuelan Dengue Fever Working Group
Published: February 2012

Abstract Secondary dengue viral infection can produce capillary leakage associated with increased mortality known as dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). Because the mortality of DHF can be reduced by early detection and intensive support, improved methods for its detection are needed. We applied multidimensional protein profiling to predict outcomes in a prospective dengue surveillance study in South America. Plasma samples taken from initial clinical presentation of acute dengue infection were subjected to proteomics analyses using ELISA and a recently developed biofluid analysis platform. Demographics, clinical laboratory measurements, nine cytokines, and 419 plasma proteins collected at the time of initial presentation were compared between the DF and DHF outcomes. Here, the subject's gender, clinical parameters, two cytokines, and 42 proteins discriminated between the outcomes. These factors were reduced by multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS) that a highly accurate classification model based on eight discriminant features with an area under the receiver operator curve (AUC) of 0.999. Model analysis indicated that the feature–outcome relationship were nonlinear. Although this DHF risk model will need validation in a larger cohort, we conclude that approaches to develop predictive biomarker models for disease outcome will need to incorporate nonparametric modeling approaches. Clin Trans Sci 2012; Volume #: 1–13
Bone Marrow‐Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Up‐Regulate Acetylcholine Receptor Delta Subunit through NRG/ErbB3‐Mediated Mitogen‐Activated Protein Kinase Pathway
Authors: Chen Li , Jiang Junjian , Xu Jianguang , Gu Yudong , Xu Lei 
Published: February 2012

Abstract To investigate the effect of bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on the expression of acetylcholine receptor delta subunit (AChRd), the murine skeletal muscle cell line Sol8 were grown in DMEM with 20% fetal bovine serum added with (conditional medium group) or without (control group) conditional medium of BMSC cells for 48 hours. RT‐PCR and Western blot were performed to access the mRNA and protein levels of AChRd in Sol8 cells, respectively. Western blot was used to detect total and phosphorylated protein levels of Ras, Raf‐1, Mek1/2, and Erk1/2, respectively. NRG‐1 antibody added in conditional medium of BMSCs, si‐ErbB3, and four Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway inhibitors (FTS, Sulindac, U0126, and PD98059) were using to investigate the effect of AChRd levels. Our studies indicated that expression of AChRd was significantly enhanced in the conditional medium group when compared with those in control group and phosphorylation of Ras, Raf, Erk1/2 in Sol8 cells was also increased. Although gene silencing for ErbB3 gene, adding of NRG‐1 antibody in conditional medium of BMSCs or treatment of Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway inhibitors can down‐regulate expression of AChRd and phosphorylation, which suggesting that the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway may be involved in BMSCs‐induced expression of AChRd. Clin Trans Sci 2012; Volume #: 1–5
Unwashed blood: is widespread use justified? A review of current knowledge
Authors: MUÑOZ MANUEL , SLAPPENDEL ROBERT 
Published: February 2012

SUMMARYTotal hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are associated with a considerable amount of total blood loss. This results in a significant postoperative decline in hemoglobin levels, and thereby the use of allogeneic blood transfusion (ABT), which is not a risk‐free therapy. Postoperative shed blood (PSB) salvage and retransfusion, after washing or filtering, was introduced as a unique blood saving concept to decrease perioperative blood loss, to maintain higher postoperative hemoglobin levels and to decrease the use of ABT. PSB reinfusion must be restricted to elective procedures with an anticipated postoperative blood loss between 750 mL and 1500 mL, allowing for the recovery of at least the equivalent of one unit of packed red cells, and used in conjunction with a defined ABT protocol. The results of a number of clinical and laboratory studies strongly suggest that reinfusion of unwashed PSB can reduce the requirements for ABT, and that most of the potential adverse effects of unwashed PSB are no more than theoretical. Therefore, reinfusion of unwashed PSB after THA and TKA is easy‐to‐use, safe, economic and clinically beneficial, as it may reduce ABT‐associated risks. The superiority of washed PSB over unwashed PSB in these procedures has not been demonstrated. All these make widespread use of unwashed PSB available for all patients and justified.
The Roles of Explicit Information and Grammatical Sensitivity in Processing Instruction: Nominative‐Accusative Case Marking and Word Order in German L2
Authors: VanPatten Bill , Borst Stefanie 
Published: February 2012

AbstractIn this study, we examine explicit information and aptitude within processing instruction. Forty‐six learners of German in their third semester of study were divided into two groups: those who received explicit information prior to treatment (+EI) and those who did not (−EI). Participants also took the grammatical sensitivity portion of the Modern Language Aptitude Test. Treatment consisted of structured input activities in which learners heard a sentence and indicated comprehension by selecting between two drawings. The processing problem was the First‐Noun Principle, and the target structure was nominative‐accusative case marking on masculine nouns in object‐verb‐subject and subject‐verb‐object sentences. Treatment was delivered via computer (SuperLab 4.0). The measurement taken was trials to criterion: how long it took participants to begin processing sentences correctly. Results revealed that the +EI group began processing sentences correctly before the −EI group. As for aptitude, grammatical sensitivity correlated weakly with the scores in the +EI group, but not in the −EI group.
Low‐field magnetic resonance imaging of keratomas of the hoof wall
Authors: Mair T. S. , Linnenkohl W. 
Published: February 2012

SummaryStanding low‐field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to image the feet of 21 horses affected by keratomas. The animals had variable clinical histories including acute, chronic or recurrent lameness. Of the 21 horses, only 14 (66%) had radiological changes suggestive of keratoma. Standing low‐field MRI revealed a smoothly demarcated hoof wall lesion in all horses, with deformity of the adjacent surface of the distal phalanx in 15 cases. The signal characteristics of the keratomas varied, with most showing either hypointensity or heterogeneous mixed signal intensity in T1‐ and T2*‐weighted images and hypointensity in STIR sequences. An intermediate or high STIR signal intensity was present in the trabecular bone of the adjacent region of the distal phalanx in 5 cases. Surgical debridement was performed in 16 horses. Recurrence was common, especially in cases where the lesion was ill‐defined; the prior MRI appearance of these cases tended to be of heterogeneous signal intensity.
The contribution of parental BMI to the metabolic health of their offspring
Authors: Ajala O. , Hosking J. , Metcalf B. S. , Jeffery A. N. , Voss L. D. , Wilkin T. J. 
Published: February 2012

SummaryObjectiveThe objective of this study was to establish the extent to which parental factors influence the metabolic health of their offspring.DesignThe study was designed as a prospective longitudinal cohort studySubjectsThe study's subjects were 226 healthy trios from a 1995 to 1996 birth cohort randomly recruited in the city of Plymouth, UKMeasurementsBody mass index (BMI) and metabolic z‐score (derived from natural log HOMA‐IR, triglycerides, total/high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio), measured at nine annual time points, from 5 to 13 years.ResultsAs expected, the metabolic z score was closely related to BMI in both genders and at all ages (r = 0.40–0.57, P < 0.001). Accordingly, there were large and significant differences in the metabolic z‐score between children categorized as normal weight or overweight/obese. At 13 years, for example, the metabolic z score of the overweight/obese girls was 14‐fold greater than that of the normal‐weight girls (P < 0.001). However, parental BMI and metabolic status had little effect on these differences. Indeed, mixed effects modelling showed that, as the child's BMI increased, so the influence of parental factors became less relevant. Time‐lag analyses confirmed that weight gain preceded metabolic disturbances in the children.ConclusionThe impact of obesity on the metabolic health of contemporary children is a function of their own weight gain, rather than that of their parents, and is therefore potentially preventable.
One-Time Transfers of Cash or Capital Have Long-Lasting Effects on Microenterprises in Sri Lanka
Authors: de Mel Suresh , McKenzie David , Woodruff Christopher 
Published: February 2012

Cashing UpDo small businesses in developing economies benefit from an infusion of cash or of capital, such as inventory or materials, and is the effect a momentary blip or a sustained expansion?De Melet al.(p.962) have extended their study of one-time cash or capital transfers to a group of randomized business owners in Sri Lanka to look at the status of the businesses 5 years later and find an increased likelihood of survival and higher profits for male-owned enterprises, but no significant effects on female-owned businesses. The authors suggest that capital transfers are more likely to be used by male-owned firms to grow the business, but more likely to be “cashed-out” from female-owned firms and diverted to household uses.