bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards an Intrinsic Relationship between Diffusion Coefficients and Microscopic Features of Cements ?
Authors: Lovera P. , Galle C. , Bescop P. Le 
Published: May 2011

ABSTRACTLong-term behavior of cemented waste packages requires the knowledge of water diffusion coefficients (water is supposed to be the main degradation agent, by solubilization of some chemical compounds). A simple modeling, based on the use of hydration code CEMHYD3D is proposed and validated for pure OPC pastes (sound or degraded) at mass ratio water / cement lying between 0.25 and 0.65. The nature of the porosity available for diffusion and the role of residual anhydrous compounds are discussed.
Determination of the Flow-Wetted Surface in Fractured Media
Authors: Moreno Luis , Svensson Erik , Neretnieks Ivars 
Published: May 2011

ABSTRACTDiffusion and sorption in the rock matrix are important retardation mechanisms in radionuclide transport in fractured media. The surface area in contact with the flowing water so called flow-wetted surface controls the interaction with the rock matrix. The flow-wetted surface, FWS, may be determined from the frequency of open fractures intersecting a borehole. The choice of the packer distance used in these hydraulic measurements is however crucial. If the packer distance is large, several open fractures may be found in the same packer interval. Analytical solutions and numerical calculations are used in order to address the determination of the flow-wetted surface from borehole data. The study is focused in two important aspects of the fieldwork, namely the distance used between the packers and b) the number of measurements that are required in order to obtain a accurate determination of the flow-wetted surface. A large volume of hydraulic data in Sweden obtained by using quite small packer distance is revised. The most usual packer distance was 3 meters. However, for some boreholes or sections of them even smaller packer distances were used. From these data, the flow-wetted surface was determined at several sites in Sweden. In some sites, the used packer distance was too large that no accurate determination of the flow-wetted surface could be done.
Cs Speciation in Cements
Authors: Hanna J. V. , Aldridge L. P. , Vance E. R. 
Published: May 2011

ABSTRACTSolid-state 133Cs magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS NMR) measurements have been used to investigate Cs speciation in cements designed for immobilizing low-level nuclear wastes. Cs in ordinary Portland cement cured for only 10 days at room temperature appears to only inhabit aqueous solutions, as evidenced by a sharp signal with no sidebands, whether or not substantial quantities of blast furnace slag or silica fume are present. No significant 133Cs spectral differences were observed when slag or silica fume were present for curing periods of 10 days, but differences due to Cs partly inhabiting crystalline sites instead of water solutions were observed after 12 months in the slag-containing cement. Pre- incorporation of Cs in various zeolites, followed by mixing the zeolites into the cement, leads to enhanced Cs retention in the cement when it is subject to water leaching at 25°C.
An Overview of the Crystal Chemistry, Durability, and Radiation Damage Effects of Natural Pyrochlore
Authors: Lumpkin G.R. , Ewing R.C. , Williams C.T. , Mariano A.N. 
Published: May 2011

ABSTRACTNumerous studies of pyrochlore group minerals have been completed over the previous 15 years, providing researchers in the field of nuclear waste disposal with a large body of data relevant to the behavior of these minerals in natural systems. The information obtained from studies of natural pyrochlore is applicable to the formulation of diverse waste form compositions and provides data for the assessment of the long-term behavior. Although resistant to dissolution, pyrochlore is subject to chemical alteration by ion exchange with hydrothermal fluids and low temperature ground water; however, Th and U are generally immobile and are retained in the structure. X-ray diffraction, TEM, EXAFS-XANES, and other techniques have been employed in studies of radiation damage. These studies reveal the classic sequence of damage microstructures with increasing dose and provide details about the structure of the amorphous state. Furthermore, the radiation damage studies are now complemented by data relating to the thermal histories of some of the host rocks.
Diazoxide-Unresponsive Congenital Hyperinsulinism in Children With Dominant Mutations of the β-Cell Sulfonylurea Receptor SUR1
Authors: MacMullen Courtney M. , Zhou Qing , Snider Kara E. , Tewson Paul H. , Becker Susan A. , Aziz Ali Rahim , Ganguly Arupa , Shyng Show-Ling , Stanley Charles A. 
Published: May 2011

OBJECTIVE
Congenital hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia is a group of genetic disorders of insulin secretion most commonly associated with inactivating mutations of the β-cell ATP-sensitive K+ channel (KATP channel) genes ABCC8 (SUR1) and KCNJ11 (Kir6.2). Recessive mutations of these genes cause hyperinsulinism that is unresponsive to treatment with diazoxide, a channel agonist. Dominant KATP mutations have been associated with diazoxide-responsive disease. We hypothesized that some medically uncontrollable cases with only one KATP mutation might have dominant, diazoxide-unresponsive disease.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Mutations of the KATP genes were identified by sequencing genomic DNA. Effects of mutations on KATP channel function in vitro were studied by expression in COSm6 cells.

RESULTS
In 15 families with diazoxide-unresponsive diffuse hyperinsulism, we found 17 patients with a monoallelic missense mutation of SUR1. Nine probands had de novo mutations, two had an affected sibling or parent, and four had an asymptomatic carrier parent. Of the 13 different mutations, 12 were novel. Expression of mutations revealed normal trafficking of channels but severely impaired responses to diazoxide or MgADP. Responses were significantly lower compared with nine SUR1 mutations associated with dominant, diazoxide-responsive hyperinsulinism.

CONCLUSIONS
These results demonstrate that some dominant mutations of SUR1 can cause diazoxide-unresponsive hyperinsulinism. In vitro expression studies may be helpful in distinguishing such mutations from dominant mutations of SUR1 associated with diazoxide-responsive disease.
Kolmogorov-Smirnov isometries and affine automorphisms of spaces of distribution functions
Authors: Molnár Lajos 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
In this paper we describe the structure of surjective isometries of the spaces of all absolutely continuous, singular, or discrete probability distribution functions on R equipped with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov metric. We also study the structure of affine automorphisms of the space of all distribution functions.
On the Heegaard genus of contact 3-manifolds
Authors: Ozbagci Burak 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
It is well-known that the Heegaard genus is additive under connected sum of 3-manifolds. We show that the Heegaard genus of contact 3-manifolds is not necessarily additive under contact connected sum. We also prove some basic properties of the contact genus (a.k.a. open book genus [Rubinstein J.H., Comparing open book and Heegaard decompositions of 3-manifolds, Turkish J. Math., 2003, 27(1), 189–196]) of 3-manifolds, and compute this invariant for some 3-manifolds.
On the deformed squeezed states on noncommutative plane
Authors: Liu Hong-ling , Guo Guang-Jie 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
A new kind of deformed boson operators is proposed to be consistent with the large noncommutativity parameters on noncommutative plane when noncommutativity of momentum spaces is considered. Using this kind of deformed boson operators, the coherent states and squeezed states are constructed, and their properties are discussed in detail.
Mathematical model for a Herschel-Bulkley fluid flow in an elastic tube
Authors: Vajravelu Kuppalapalle , Sreenadh Sreedharamalle , Devaki Palluru , Prasad Kerehalli 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
The constitution of blood demands a yield stress fluid model, and among the available yield stress fluid models for blood flow, the Herschel-Bulkley model is preferred (because Bingham, Power-law and Newtonian models are its special cases). The Herschel-Bulkley fluid model has two parameters, namely the yield stress and the power law index. The expressions for velocity, plug flow velocity, wall shear stress, and the flux flow rate are derived. The flux is determined as a function of inlet, outlet and external pressures, yield stress, and the elastic property of the tube. Further when the power-law index n = 1 and the yield stress τ
0 → 0, our results agree well with those of Rubinow and Keller [J. Theor. Biol. 35, 299 (1972)]. Furthermore, it is observed that, the yield stress and the elastic parameters (t
1 and t
2) have strong effects on the flux of the non-Newtonian fluid flow in the elastic tube. The results obtained for the flow characteristics reveal many interesting behaviors that warrant further study on the non-Newtonian fluid flow phenomena, especially the shear-thinning phenomena. Shear thinning reduces the wall shear stress.
The role of auxins in somatic embryogenesis of Abies alba
Authors: Vondráková Zuzana , Eliášová Kateřina , Fischerová Lucie , Vágner Martin 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
The somatic embryogenesis of conifers is a process susceptible to exogenous phytohormonal treatments. We report the effects of the synthetic auxin 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and the auxin inhibitor p-chlorophenoxyisobutyric acid (PCIB) on the endogenous level of the auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and on the anatomical composition of early somatic embryos of Abies alba (European silver fir). The embryogenic suspensor mass (ESM) of Abies alba proliferated on a medium supplemented by 2,4-D as well as on an auxin-free medium. The endogenous level of IAA was significantly higher in the ESM cultivated on a medium supplemented by 2,4-D. The decrease in the endogenous level of IAA in the first week of maturation is one of the most important stimuli responsible for the subsequent development of embryos. However, suppression of IAA synthesis by an auxin inhibitor did not stimulate the development of embryos. The maturation of somatic embryos from the globular to the cotyledonary stage occurs when the concentration of endogenous auxin in the ESM (including the embryos) increases. Early somatic embryos proliferating on a medium supplemented by auxin had an increased probability of maturing successfully. Exogenous auxin treatment during maturation did not compensate for the auxin deficiency during proliferation.
The State Policy and The Identity of the National Minorities in Slovakia in 20th Century
Authors: Pekár Martin 
Published: April 2011

The State Policy and The Identity of the National Minorities in Slovakia in 20th Century
Significant role in forming the identity of national and ethnic minorities is played by the living conditions provided by the country in which these minorities live. The following contribution outlines the possible ways of developing the ethnic national consciousness and identity on the territory of Slovakia during the 20th century from the perspective of the selected elements of the state policy. It focuses on national minorities in relation to such aspects of the state policy as the governmental structure of the country, legislative regulation of the minority rights, institutional protection of minorities, language and education policy and the status of minorities in the media. We can hardly speak about the continuity or the basic pattern of the state minority policy for the years 1918 - 1989. Throughout this period, basically incompatible political systems altered in Slovakia. Each of those systems tried to solve the minority issue taking its own interests, needs, ideological concepts and respective circumstances of the period into consideration. However, no political system settled the minority issue in a way and under such conditions, so that it could become the basis for the minority policy of the present Slovak Republic.
Greek Catholic Metropolitan Church sui iuris in Slovakia and Greek Catholic Church in the Czech Republic within the Current Catholic Canon Law
Authors: Čitbaj František 
Published: April 2011

Greek Catholic Metropolitan Church sui iuris in Slovakia and Greek Catholic Church in the Czech Republic within the Current Catholic Canon Law
This article treats of new situation of Greek Catholic metropolitan church sui iuris in Slovakia, by describing its historical development. It is describing terms of Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches as tradition, ceremony and church sui iuris. It is also about institutes typical for metropolitan churches, which are the following: the institute of metropolitan, council of hierarch and also convention of metropolitan church sui iuris.
Presentation of the Preaching Activity in the Greek-Catholic Church in Slovakia
Authors: Petrík Ľubomír 
Published: April 2011

Presentation of the Preaching Activity in the Greek-Catholic Church in Slovakia
The author of the article Presentation of the Preaching Activity in the Greek-Catholic Church in Slovakia offers the view on the current preaching activity of the Greek-Catholic clergy in Slovakia. He states, it is in complete union with the Documents of the Catholic Church of which the Greek-Catholic Church is an integral part. The most used form of preaching among the Greek-Catholic priests is the homily. The author also focuses on some specifics of the preaching activity in the Greek-Catholic Church.
Domestic Services in a “Land of Equality”: The Case of Sweden
Authors: Calleman Catharina 
Published: April 2011

Pendant environ deux générations, le travail domestique rémunéré était très rare en Suède et la disparition du travail domestique des ménages privés était largement considérée comme importante du point de vue de l’égalité. Toutefois, pendant les deux dernières décennies, la demande de services ménagers a augmenté en raison du déclin des services sociaux et institutionnels et des écarts salariaux grandissants. Au même moment, la mondialisation, surtout l’élargissement de l'Union européenne, a ouvert l'accès à la main-d’œuvre de pays où les salaires sont considérablement plus bas qu'en Suède. Le présent article décrit le contexte historique de la réglementation qu'on trouve aujourd'hui sur le travail domestique rémunéré en Suède. La gestion actuelle du travail domestique rémunéré y est ensuite analysée en tenant compte de la façon dont elle cause des inégalités et de la diversité par l'intermédiaire de la déréglementation, de l'individualisation et de la privatisation. De plus, la réglementation existant en Suède fait l'objet de discussion du point de vue des droits et de l'accès à la justice, à partir de certains éléments clés de la Convention proposée de l'Organisation internationale du travail. La réglementation et la protection du travail domestique améliorent les conditions de travail à court terme, mais l'auteure croit que la façon d’éliminer à long terme les inégalités et la vulnérabilité doit reposer sur la collectivisation des tâches ménagères et aussi sur le partage égal de ces tâches entre hommes et femmes. Cependant, ces changements doivent comprendre des choix de société plus larges, y compris de généreuses ressources pour offrir de bonnes garderies publiques, des services sociaux et des soins de santé, des congés parentaux partagés entre hommes et femmes, ainsi que l’égalité entre les sexes en ce qui a trait à la rémunération et aux règlements de l'impôt sur le revenu. Enfin, chaque personne physiquement apte à faire du ménage devrait s'en occuper elle-même.
Regulating Migrant Domestic Work in the Netherlands: Opportunities and Pitfalls
Authors: van Walsum Sarah 
Published: April 2011

Aux Pays-Bas, les travailleuses domestiques migrantes font actuellement campagne sur plusieurs fronts pour avoir davantage de droits, pour que leurs droits soient mieux protégés en tant que travailleurs, pour réclamer l'aide sociale, et pour le droit de résider et de travailler aux Pays-Bas. Depuis 2006, elles reçoivent l'appui des syndicats néerlandais. Bien que les soins à domicile et les services ménagers aux Pays-Bas suivent traditionnellement la ligne de faille fondée sur le sexe et qui démarque la main-d'œuvre payée et non payée, on accorde davantage de place aux autres lignes de faille qui distinguent les citoyens des étrangers, et le groupe ethnique dominant des minorités ethniques. Pour assurer le succès d'une campagne menée en collaboration avec les travailleuses domestiques migrantes sans papier et les syndicats néerlandais, il faudra réconcilier les besoins et les désirs d'un groupe de plus en plus divers de travailleuses. Dans le présent article, l'auteure décrit les intérêts divergents, les possibilités de collaboration et les contraintes politiques qui marquent la situation actuelle des travailleuses domestiques aux Pays-Bas, qu'elles soient migrantes ou de souche. Les propositions actuelles pour revoir la loi sur l'immigration aux Pays-Bas peuvent non seulement inspirer une campagne concertée visant à améliorer la situation de toutes ces travailleuses, mais aussi soulever de nouveaux défis. Pour arriver à donner du travail décent à toutes les travailleuses domestiques, il faudra éventuellement chercher au-delà de l'horizon national, en tentant à distribuer plus équitablement les soins, de protéger la main-d'œuvre et d'assurer des avantages sociaux à toutes les travailleuses à l'échelle mondiale.
Decent Work for Domestic Workers: Reflections on Recent Approaches to Tackle Informality
Authors: Tomei Manuela 
Published: April 2011

Depuis les deux dernières décennies, on assiste dans le monde entier, à une recrudescence du travail domestique, typiquement « féminin » et déprécié, synonyme de travail informel et mal payé. Parmi les tentatives récentes pour réduire la fréquence du travail domestique informel, on a simplifié les mécanismes de paiement pour les employeurs, créé des avantages fiscaux (p. ex., avec des crédits d'impôt) et « industrialisé » le travail domestique (p. ex., en fondant des entreprises autorisées qui fournissent des services domestiques dans les foyers). Dans le présent article, l'auteure se demande si un engagement croissant de l'État et du marché dans la réglementation et l'offre de services domestiques permet d'assurer des conditions décentes aux travailleuses domestiques et de corriger la dévalorisation historique de leur travail. En partant d'expériences menées en Belgique, en France, dans le canton de Genève en Suisse et au Brésil, l'article démontre que l'on peut aider à réglementer le travail domestique occasionnel et à temps partiel, mais qu'on réussit moins à régulariser les heures de travail et les revenus, à lutter contre l'isolement des travailleuses domestiques et à leur donner la possibilité d'améliorer leurs habiletés et leurs compétences. Les employées des entreprises à but non lucratif bénéficient de meilleures conditions de travail en Belgique et en France. Au Brésil, le fait de simplifier les mécanismes de paiement diminue l'informalité du travail quand cela s'accompagne de la reconnaissance juridique des garanties d'emploi pour les travailleuses domestiques, au même titre que les autres travailleurs, et d'un salaire minimum obligatoire. Cependant, on continue partout à qualifier le travail domestique de travail de femme, dénué de valeur et que n'importe qui peut faire.
“Sweeping Changes?” A Review of Recent Reforms on Protections for Migrant Domestic Workers in Asia and the Middle East
Authors: Varia Nisha 
Published: April 2011

Des millions de femmes émigrent vers l'Asie et le Moyen-Orient pour gagner leur vie comme travailleuses domestiques. Dans les pays d'accueil, la combinaison de graves lacunes dans les lois sur le travail, de mesures visant à restreindre l'immigration et le fait que la société accepte la discrimination contre les travailleurs migrants, entraîne d'inquiétantes violations des droits de la personne, comme de trop longues heures sans congés, le non-versement du salaire, le confinement au lieu de travail, de mauvais traitements physiques, des sévices sexuels, du travail forcé et dans certains cas, des conditions d'esclavage. Bien que certains gouvernements aient commencé à améliorer peu à peu leurs normes, la plupart n'ont pas adopté de réformes globales. Un tel changement se bute souvent à une forte résistance chez les employeurs qui craignent une augmentation des coûts et une diminution de leurs droits, chez les agences de placement qui profitent d'un système mal réglementé, et chez les fonctionnaires gouvernementaux qui considèrent les migrants comme une menace à la sécurité. Les politiques fondées sur le sexe, la race, la classe sociale et l'origine nationale influencent ces négociations sur les droits de la personne. Le présent article examine des modèles de changement dans trois secteurs : les mesures de protection des travailleurs, les règlements concernant l'immigration et la mobilisation de la société civile. La plupart des pays ont compté sur la mise en place de contrats de travail standards pour régir les conditions d'emploi, au lieu d'inclure les travailleurs et travailleuses domestiques dans les lois sur le travail. Bien que l'on convienne de plus en plus qu'au Moyen-Orient, le système actuel de recrutement de travailleurs immigrés par « parrainage » contribue aux mauvais traitements, le changement advient lentement et graduellement. Sur une note plus favorable, on constate que malgré la lutte contre les restrictions à la liberté de mouvement et les lourdes contraintes imposées aux groupes de migrantes qui cherchent à s'organiser, ces derniers sont de plus en plus nombreux, diversifiés et raffinés.
Studies on Molecular Interactions of Some Electrolytes in Water by Volumetric and Viscometric Measurments at <i>T</i>= (303.15 to 323.15 K)
Authors: Kabiraz D. C. , Biswas T. K. , Islam M. N. , Huque M. E. 
Published: May 2011

The viscosities and densities of potassium chloride, potassium nitrate, magnesium chloride, and magnesium nitrate have been measured at 303.15, 308.15, 313.15, 318.15 and 323.15 K in aqueous solution. The viscosity data were analyzed by using Jones–Dole equation. The values of apparent molar volume, limiting apparent molar volume have been evaluated from the density data. The results were interpreted in the light of ion–ion and ion–solvent interactions and of structural effects of the solutes in solution.Keywords: Density; Apparent molar volume; Viscosity; Jones–Dole equation.© 2011 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi:10.3329/jsr.v2i2.6288 J. Sci. Res. 3 (2), 437-444 (2011)