bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Pedaling Frequency on Blood Lactate Accumulation in
Cycling Sprints
Authors: Haase Ralf , Dunst Anna Katharina , Nitzsche Nico 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAnaerobic performance diagnostics in athletes relies on accurate measurements of
blood lactate concentration and the calculation of blood lactate accumulation
resulting from glycolytic processes. In this study, we investigated the impact
of pedaling frequency on blood lactate accumulation during 10-second maximal
isokinetic cycling sprints. Thirteen trained males completed five 10-second
maximal isokinetic cycling sprints on a bicycle ergometer at different pedaling
frequencies (90 rpm, 110 rpm, 130 rpm, 150 rpm, 170 rpm) with continuous power
and frequency measurement. Capillary blood samples were taken pre-exercise and
up to 30 minutes post-exercise to determine the maximum blood lactate
concentration.Blood lactate accumulation was calculated as the difference between maximal
post-exercise and pre-start blood lactate concentration. Repeated measurement
ANOVA with Bonferroni-adjusted post hoc t-tests revealed significant progressive
increases in maximal blood lactate concentration and accumulation with higher
pedaling frequencies (p<0.001; η2+>+0.782).The findings demonstrate a significant influence of pedaling frequency on lactate
accumulation, emphasizing its relevance in anaerobic diagnostics. Optimal
assessment of maximal lactate formation rate is suggested to require a pedaling
frequency of at least 130 rpm or higher, while determining metabolic thresholds
using the maximal lactate formation rate may benefit from a slightly lower
pedaling frequency.
Patientenseitige Anliegen und palliativpsychologische Interventionen
im Rahmen eines stationären Palliativdienstes
Authors: Oberth Paula , Neuschulz Markus , Ernst Jochen , Schotte Dörte , Bercker Sven , Stehr Sebastian , Lehmann-Laue Antje , Mehnert-Theuerkauf Anja 
Published: April 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Multiprofessionell besetzte stationäre Palliativdienste
ergänzen neben Palliativstationen die palliativmedizinische Versorgung in
Krankenhäusern. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht Art und Häufigkeit
patientenseitiger Anliegen und palliativpsychologischer Interventionen im Rahmen
des palliativpsychologischen Arbeitens sowie die wahrgenommene Ergebnisqualität
in einem stationären Palliativdienst.
Methoden Im Rahmen einer prospektiven Begleitevaluationsstudie wurden
palliativpsychologische Interventionen des stationären Palliativdienstes im
Universitätsklinikum Leipzig untersucht. Es wurden die psychische Belastung
(Distress-Thermometer), die wahrgenommene Ergebnisqualität der
palliativpsychologischen Behandlung (aus Therapeutenperspektive) sowie
patientenseitige Anliegen und psychologische Gesprächsinhalte und Interventionen
erfasst. Die Daten wurden deskriptiv und regressionsanalytisch ausgewertet.
Ergebnisse Innerhalb eines Jahres wurden 355 Patienten im stationären
Palliativdienst psychologisch mitbegleitet, von denen 304 an der Studie
teilnahmen (Altersdurchschnitt 63,8 Jahre, 55% männlich, 89% onkologische
Erkrankung). Es wurden durchschnittlich 3 psychologische Gespräche geführt; 64%
der Patienten gaben eine hohe psychische Belastung an (M=6,5). Die häufigsten
patientenseitigen Anliegen und Gesprächsinhalte waren der Umgang mit Emotionen
(87%), Ressourcen (83%), konflikthafte Versorgungs- und Autonomiefragen (77%)
und Hoffnung (76%). Deutlich seltener waren spirituelle Anliegen (2%) oder das
Vermächtnis der Patienten (9%). Zu den am häufigsten genutzten
palliativpsychologischen Interventionen gehörten solche zur Unterstützung der
Krankheitsverarbeitung und – akzeptanz (74%) sowie emotional-entlastende
Interventionen (98%), wie z. B. aktives Zuhören (97%), emotionales Containment
(95%) und Normalisierung (75%). Mittels Regressionsanalyse zeigte sich, dass
eine onkologische (vs. nichtonkologische) Erkrankung, eine hohe Anzahl an
palliativpsychologischen Gesprächen und Interventionen, eine vollständige
Aufklärung bezüglich der palliativen Dimension sowie eine ungestörte
Kontaktaufnahme im Erstgespräch einen positiven Effekt auf die von den
behandelnden Psychologen wahrgenommene Ergebnisqualität der
palliativpsychologischen Arbeit hatten.
2-Hydroxyglutarate as an MR spectroscopic predictor of an IDH mutation in gliomas
Authors: Bauer Jochen , Raum Heiner N. , Kugel Harald , Müther Michael , Mannil Manoj , Heindel Walter 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe mutated enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) 1 and 2 has been detected in various tumor entities such as gliomas and can convert α-ketoglutarate into the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG). This neuro-oncologically significant metabolic product can be detected by MR spectroscopy and is therefore suitable for noninvasive glioma classification and therapy monitoring.This paper provides an up-to-date overview of the methodology and relevance of 1H-MR spectroscopy (MRS) in the oncological primary and follow-up diagnosis of gliomas. The possibilities and limitations of this MR spectroscopic examination are evaluated on the basis of the available literature.By detecting 2-HG, MRS can in principle offer a noninvasive alternative to immunohistological analysis thus avoiding surgical intervention in some cases. However, in addition to an adapted and optimized examination protocol, the individual measurement conditions in the examination region are of decisive importance. Due to the inherently small signal of 2-HG, unfavorable measurement conditions can influence the reliability of detection.
Cardiomyocyte Adaptation to Exercise: K+ Channels,
Contractility and Ischemic Injury
Authors: Fitts Robert H. , Wang Xinrui , Kwok Wai-Meng , Camara Amadou K. S. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCardiovascular disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, and
exercise-training (TRN) is known to reduce risk factors and protect the heart
from ischemia and reperfusion injury. Though the cardioprotective effects of
exercise are well-documented, underlying mechanisms are not well understood.
This review highlights recent findings and focuses on cardiac factors with
emphasis on K+ channel control of the action potential duration
(APD), β-adrenergic and adenosine regulation of cardiomyocyte function, and
mitochondrial Ca2+ regulation. TRN-induced prolongation and
shortening of the APD at low and high activation rates, respectively, is
discussed in the context of a reduced response of the sarcolemma delayed
rectifier potassium channel (IK) and increased content and activation of the
sarcolemma KATP channel. A proposed mechanism underlying the latter
is presented, including the phosphatidylinositol-3kinase/protein kinase B
pathway. TRN induced increases in cardiomyocyte contractility and the response
to adrenergic agonists are discussed. The TRN-induced protection from
reperfusion injury is highlighted by the increased content and activation of the
sarcolemma KATP channel and the increased phosphorylated glycogen
synthase kinase-3β, which aid in preventing mitochondrial Ca2+
overload and mitochondria-triggered apoptosis. Finally, a brief section is
presented on the increased incidences of atrial fibrillation associated with age
and in life-long exercisers.
Elective Induction of Labor following Prior Cesarean Delivery
Authors: Saucedo Alexander M. , Macones George A. , Cahill Alison G. , Harper Lorie M. 
Published: April 2024

Objective Following the release of A Randomized Trial of Induction versus Expectant Management (ARRIVE) trial, the induction of labor at 39 weeks has increased in the United States. The risk of uterine rupture and optimal timing of elective induction in those patients with a prior cesarean delivery is not well-described, and they were not included in the original trial. We aimed to determine the risk of uterine rupture in those patients undergoing elective induction of labor with prior cesarean delivery.
Study Design This was a retrospective cohort of participants with prior cesarean delivery from 1996 to 2000. Participants were included if they had two or more prior cesareans. Participants were excluded if they had a history of an unknown prior incision, a classical incision, gestational age <39 weeks, any diabetes, chronic hypertension, twin gestation, collagen or vascular disease, or HIV. Those undergoing expectant management were compared with those undergoing elective induction with no medical or obstetrical indications for delivery. Analysis was performed at three gestational age groups: 39 weeks, 40 weeks, and 41 weeks. The primary outcomes were uterine rupture, rates of successful vaginal delivery, and a composite major morbidity risk. Multivariable logistic regression was performed.
Results At 39 weeks, 618 (10.3%) elective inductions were compared with 5,365 (89.7%) undergoing expectant management; uterine rupture occurred more frequently (13 patients [2.1%] vs. 49 patients [0.9%]; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.5; 95% confidence interval, 1.3–4.6) with fewer successful vaginal birth after cesarean [VBAC; 66.8 vs. 75%; aOR, 0.6; 95% confidence interval, 0.5–0.7]. The risk of uterine rupture was similar between groups at 40 weeks (5 patients [0.8%] vs. 21 patients [1.2%]; p = 0.387) and 41 weeks (7 patients [1.4%] vs. 2 patients (0.8%); p = 0.448).
Conclusion Patients undergoing elective induction of labor with a prior cesarean scar had an increased risk of uterine rupture when compared with expectant management at 39 weeks, with fewer successful VBAC.
Key Points
Recent Advances and Challenges in Electrocatalytic Carboxylation of CO2
Authors: Lu Chang-Hai , Song Ren-Jie , Wang Jie , Wei Zhen-Feng , Luo Yun-Xia 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe electrochemical fixation of carbon dioxide onto organic matter has emerged as a promising approach in recent years. By combining the unique features of electrochemistry with the goal of carbon dioxide fixation, researchers aim to develop new strategies that can contribute to a more sustainable and environmentally friendly synthesis of organic compounds. One advantage of electrochemical methods is their ability to provide both electrons and energy for chemical transformations. This allows for the direct conversion of carbon dioxide into valuable organic products, without the need for transition metal catalysts or harsh reaction conditions. As a result, electrochemical carbon dioxide fixation offers the potential for milder and more efficient processes compared to traditional methods. Scientists have made noteworthy progress in exploring different strategies for the fixation of carbon dioxide under electrochemical conditions. These strategies involve the activation of various types of chemical bonds, including C(sp2)–C(sp2), C(sp2)–H, C–X (X = halogen), and C(sp3)–X (X = S, C, O, N). This review aims to provide an overview of the current state of research on electrochemical carbon dioxide fixation into organic matter. It will discuss the different strategies employed, the key findings, and the challenges that remain to be addressed. By highlighting the recent advancements in this field, this review hopes to inspire further exploration and innovation in the area of electrochemical synthesis for carbon dioxide fixation.1	Introduction2	Electrocatalytic Monocarboxylation of CO2
2.1	Monocarboxylation of C(sp2)–C(sp2)2.2	Monocarboxylation of C(sp2)–H2.3	Monocarboxylation of C–X (X = Cl, Br, I)2.4	Monocarboxylation of C(sp3)–X (X = S, C, O, N)3	Electrocatalytic Dicarboxylation of CO2
4	Electrocatalytic Esterification of CO2
5	Conclusions
The Importance of Nonpharmacological Applications in the Management of Infections Caused by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in Pediatric Patients: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Uygun Hatice , Sahinoglu Esra Pekpak , Oren Ayse Ceyda , Zer Yasemin , Kazaz Tanyeli Guneyligil , Bosnak Mehmet , Akbayram Sinan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objective This study aimed to contribute to the literature by evaluating the clinical characteristics of children with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection, predisposing factors, and implementation of additional measures for disease control, with the goal of improving survival and reducing mortality in pediatric patients.
Methods Clinical data and microbiological test results of patients with S. maltophilia growth in cultures of samples from any biological site and clinical symptoms of systemic infection referred to the pediatric clinic of a tertiary university hospital between January 2021 and August 2023 were reviewed.
Results The study included 40 patients with a median age of 2.5 years (range 1–16 years). Medical devices were present in 26 patients (65%). Polymicrobial growth occurred in 16 patients (40%). Prior to the detection of S. maltophilia infection, 35 patients (87.5%) received broad-spectrum antimicrobial therapy. Death occurred in 11 patients (27.5%). In 2022, there were 23 cases of S. maltophilia infection, with the highest number occurring in March 2022 (9 cases per month). After that date, various nonpharmacological measures were implemented for all patients with confirmed infection, including strict contact isolation in single-occupancy, high-efficiency particulate air-filtered rooms.
Conclusion There were multiple risk factors for increased mortality in our study population. Despite these unfavorable factors, the mortality rate was low. Disease control was achieved through nonpharmacological interventions implemented alongside antimicrobial therapy, resulting in effective prevention of potential outbreaks. Implementation of nonpharmacological interventions alongside medical treatment can reduce mortality and improve survival in pediatric patients with S. maltophilia infection.
Psychological Aspects of Facial Palsy
Authors: Shamil Eamon , Noriega Maria , Moin Sarah , Ko Tsz Ki , Tan Denise Jia Yun , Meller Catherine , Andrews Peter , Lekakis Garyfalia 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis article discusses the psychological effects of facial palsy (FP) in adults. FP is the abnormal functioning of facial muscles resulting from temporary or permanent damage of the facial nerves. Following facial paralysis, patients can develop motor and psychosocial functioning issues impacting quality of life. In addition, real or perceived judgment in social settings of those with FP increases the risk of low self-esteem, anxiety, and depression. Currently, most available research focuses on surgical patients and suggests a lack of psychological support throughout the affliction. A multidisciplinary approach when treating patients with FP can help improve the patient's quality of life.
Uneven internationalisation of higher education in the European Union: a case study of two universities in Czechia and Slovakia
Authors: Pleschová Gabriela 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis article presents the rationale for having a symposium on internationalisation of higher education (IHE) and introduces the collection of articles. It details examples of two universities from Central Europe to illustrate uneven development in internationalisation, including the achievements in and barriers of internationalisation. The paper sets these examples into the context of existing publications on IHE and suggests that teaching faculty members are key for enhancing internationalisation, in particular their teaching abilities and commitment to support internationalisation. It warns that IHE may divide Europe into two profoundly different parts, contrary to the expectation of policy makers and experts. It concludes by recommending academic development as an effective way to increase academic teachers’ competences and willingness to advance internationalisation in higher education.
Magnetostriction measurements at milli-kelvin temperatures using a Fabry–Pérot interferometer
Authors: Blaauw-Smith Finnian J. , Trainor Luke S. , King Gavin G. G. , Lambert Nicholas J. , Hiraishi Masaya , Longdell Jevon J. 
Published: April 2024

This paper demonstrates an optical technique to measure magnetostrictive strain in a cryogenic environment using a Fabry–Pérot resonator spaced by crystal samples. Optical measurement techniques are calibration-free and highly sensitive. This technique was used to measure the magnetostrictive strain of neodymium gallate at a temperature of 49 mK to be λ = 1.3 × 10−5 at 3 T, with a sensitivity of 3.0 × 10−8. We highlight the interesting properties of the crystal’s magnetic ordering. The sensitivity of this technique was limited by the wavemeter used to measure the laser frequency, and significant improvements in the sensitivity should be possible.
Hot carrier relaxation dynamics of an aza-covalent organic framework during photoexcitation: An insight from ab initio quantum dynamics
Authors: Ghosh Atish , Das Priya , Kumar Subhash , Sarkar Pranab 
Published: April 2024

In order to develop an efficient metal-free solar energy harvester, we herein performed the electronic structure calculation, followed by the hot carrier relaxation dynamics of two dimensional (2D) aza-covalent organic framework by time domain density functional calculations in conjunction with non-adiabatic molecular dynamics (NAMD) simulation. The electronic structure calculation shows that the aza-covalent organic framework (COF) is a direct bandgap semiconductor with acute charge separation and effective optical absorption in the UV-visible region. Our study of non-adiabatic molecular dynamics simulation predicts the sufficiently prolonged electron–hole recombination process (6.8 nanoseconds) and the comparatively faster electron (22.48 ps) and hole relaxation (0.51 ps) dynamics in this two-dimensional aza-COF. According to our theoretical analysis, strong electron–phonon coupling is responsible for the rapid charge relaxation, whereas the electron–hole recombination process is slowed down by relatively weak electron–phonon coupling, relatively lower non-adiabatic coupling, and quick decoherence time. We do hope that our results of NAMD simulation on exciton relaxation dynamics will be helpful for designing photovoltaic devices based on this two dimensional aza-COF.
Large-cage occupation and quantum dynamics of hydrogen molecules in sII clathrate hydrates
Authors: Ranieri Umbertoluca , del Rosso Leonardo , Bove Livia Eleonora , Celli Milva , Colognesi Daniele , Gaal Richard , Hansen Thomas C. , Koza Michael Marek , Ulivi Lorenzo 
Published: April 2024

Hydrogen clathrate hydrates are ice-like crystalline substances in which hydrogen molecules are trapped inside polyhedral cages formed by the water molecules. Small cages can host only a single H2 molecule, while each large cage can be occupied by up to four H2 molecules. Here, we present a neutron scattering study on the structure of the sII hydrogen clathrate hydrate and on the low-temperature dynamics of the hydrogen molecules trapped in its large cages, as a function of the gas content in the samples. We observe spectral features at low energy transfer (between 1 and 3 meV), and we show that they can be successfully assigned to the rattling motion of a single hydrogen molecule occupying a large water cage. These inelastic bands remarkably lose their intensity with increasing the hydrogen filling, consistently with the fact that the probability of single occupation (as opposed to multiple occupation) increases as the hydrogen content in the sample gets lower. The spectral intensity of the H2 rattling bands is studied as a function of the momentum transfer for partially emptied samples and compared with three distinct quantum models for a single H2 molecule in a large cage: (i) the exact solution of the Schrödinger equation for a well-assessed semiempirical force field, (ii) a particle trapped in a rigid sphere, and (iii) an isotropic three-dimensional harmonic oscillator. The first model provides good agreement between calculations and experimental data, while the last two only reproduce their qualitative trend. Finally, the radial wavefunctions of the three aforementioned models, as well as their potential surfaces, are presented and discussed.
Solar energy broadband capturing by metamaterial absorber based on titanium metal
Authors: Zhu Xiaoqing , Wang Bo 
Published: April 2024

In recent years, the exploration of solar absorbers has grown in favor due to the scarcity of energy. Here, we propose an absorber with an array of a circular ring surrounding disk (RSD) for solar energy capture. The novel structure keeps above 93.5% absorption with an average absorption of 96.95% in wavelengths from 300 to 4000 nm. Meanwhile, the proposed absorber is advantageous in that the structure is generalizable to other metals and dielectric materials. Furthermore, the data results show that the absorber has polarization-independent properties as well as maintaining &gt;90% absorption in the considered wavelength range up to an incidence angle of 52° and &gt;95% absorption at large process tolerances. Finally, the excellent absorption under the AM1.5 solar spectrum demonstrates the RSD absorber’s ability to capture solar energy. These results show the potential of the absorber for applications in electromagnetic invisibility cloaking, thermal emitters, and solar energy capture and conversion.
The bond energy of UN+: Guided ion beam studies of the reactions of U+ with N2 and NO
Authors: Bubas Amanda R. , Kafle Arjun , Stevenson Brandon C. , Armentrout P. B. 
Published: April 2024

A guided ion beam tandem mass spectrometer was used to study the reactions of U+ with N2 and NO. Reaction cross sections were measured over a wide range of energy for both systems. In each reaction, UN+ is formed by an endothermic process, thereby enabling the direct measurement of the threshold energy and determination of the UN+ bond dissociation energy. For the reaction of U+ + N2, a threshold energy (E0) of 4.02 ± 0.11 eV was measured, leading to D0 (UN+) = 5.73 ± 0.11 eV. The reaction of U+ + NO yields UO+ through an exothermic, barrierless process that proceeds with 94 ± 23% efficiency at the lowest energy. Analysis of the endothermic UN+ cross section in this reaction provides E0 = 0.72 ± 0.11 eV and, therefore, D0 (UN+) = 5.78 ± 0.11 eV. Averaging the values obtained from both reactions, we report D0 (UN+) = 5.76 ± 0.13 eV as our best value (uncertainty of two standard deviations). Combined with precise literature values for the ionization energies of U and UN, we also derive D0 (UN) = 5.86 ± 0.13 eV. Both bond dissociation energies agree well with high-level theoretical treatments in the literature. The formation of UN+ in reaction of U+ with NO also exhibits a considerable increase in reaction probability above ∼3 eV. Theory suggests that this may be consistent with the formation of UN+ in excited quintet spin states, which we hypothesize are dynamically favored because the number of 5f electrons in reactants and products is conserved.
APMP key comparison of AC-DC current transfer standards: final report
Authors: Jing Dr T , Hagen Mr Thomas , Yang Dr Steven , Fujiki Dr Hiroyuki , Lee Dr Hyung-Kew , Jiangtao Dr Zhang , Golovins Dr Eugene , Kumtawee Mr Chalit , Ibrahim Dr Muhammad Azwan Bin , Tsai Ms Hsiu-Ju 
Published: April 2024

Main text
This report summarizes the results and performances of APMP.EM-K12, APMP key comparison of AC-DC current transfer standards of 10 mA and 5 A at frequencies of 10 Hz, 55 Hz, 1 kHz, 10 kHz, 20 kHz, 50 kHz, and 100 kHz. Ten National Metrology Institutes participated in this key comparison, including NMC/A*STAR (Singapore, pilot Laboratory), NMIA (Australia), SCL (Hong Kong, China), NMIJ (Japan), KRISS (Rep of Korea), NIM (China), NMISA (South Africa), NIMT (Thailand), NMIM (Malaysia), and CMS/ITRI (Chinese Taipei). The key comparison is linked to the CCEM one, CCCEM-K12, with same measurement quantities through the performances of two laboratories, NMC and NMIA, in both key comparisons. The degrees of equivalence of individual participating laboratories with the reference values of CCEM-K12 were thus concluded in this report.
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCEM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).