bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prenatal diagnosis of a skeletal disorder characterized by rhizomelic shortening of limbs caused by compound heterozygous variants in the PKDCC gene: Case report and literature review
Authors: Wang Jing , Yu Huijun , Zhang Xiaoying , Zhou Xiuyun , Tan Ya , Li Zhi , Gu Ying , Lin Li 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe protein kinase domain containing cytoplasmic (PKDCC) gene (OMIM#618821) is associated with bone development. Biallelic variants in the PKDCC gene can cause rhizomelic limb shortening with dysmorphic features.Case ReportA fetus was found to be rhizomelic limb shortening at 16 weeks of gestation and amniocentesis was performed at 19 weeks of gestation. Genomic DNA extracted from the amniotic fluid was subjected to chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA), and Trio‐total whole‐exome sequencing (Trio‐WES). Sanger sequencing was used to verify the candidate pathogenic variants. CMA was normal, while Trio‐WES identified two compound heterozygous variants in the PKDCC gene, namely c.417_c.423delCGGCGCG insTCATGGGCTCAGTACAC(p.G140fs*35) and c.345G>A (p.W115*,379). Then the fetus was aborted and the development of its bone cells were compared with that of a normal fetus of similar gestational age by histopathological examination. Clinical findings of the fetus were shortening humerus and femur, synophrys, much hair on the side face, simian line on the right palm, etc. Histopathological examination showed that the affected fetus had increased proliferative chondrocytes, widened proliferative bands, and delayed bone mineralization.ConclusionsWe reported a prenatal case of rhizomelic shortening of limbs caused by compound heterozygous variants in the PKDCC gene, which emphasized the important role of Trio‐WES for diagnosis of skeletal dysplasia in fetuses.
Low windage dual‐band omnidirectional antenna for high‐speed aircraft communication application
Authors: Wang Zhefei , Wu Jie , Ge Junxiang , Wan Fayu , Zeng Qingsheng , Hou Jianqiang , Denidni Tayeb A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe letter presents a low‐windage omnidirectional antenna for high‐speed aircraft in the UHF and L bands. It combines a planar biconical antenna with a printed tape parasitic branch monopole antenna. Upgrading the traditional restricted‐length biconical antenna to a double‐layer planar design meets the compact, lightweight, and low windage requirements of airborne use. To enhance bandwidth and meet the lightweight, compact criteria of high‐speed aircraft, the planar‐printed monopole antenna integrates parasitic stubs and loop antenna concepts. Experimental results exhibit excellent isolation between antenna elements, with over 15 dB segregation and operational spectrum return loss of 27% and 18% at 10 dB. The voltage standing wave ratio is below 2, with less than 5 dB variation in the horizontal radiation pattern across frequency bands. The antenna, measuring 20 mm × 190 mm × 270 mm and weighing around 0.5 kg, holds great promise for high‐speed aircraft applications.
An improved method to measure transfer functions using MRI
Authors: Eijbersen Michael A. , Steensma Bart R. , van den Berg Cornelis A. T. , Raaijmakers Alexander J. E. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPurposeA previously published method for MRI‐based transfer function assessment makes use of the so‐called transceive phase assumption (TPA). This limits its applicability to shorter leads and/or lower field strengths. A new method is presented where the background electric field is determined from both ‐ and ‐field distributions, avoiding the TPA and making it more generally applicable.Theory and MethodsThese ‐distributions are determined from a spoiled gradient echo multiflip angle acquisition. From the separated ‐components the background electrical field and the induced current are computed. Further improvement is achieved by recasting the ‐field model as a “magnitude squared least squares” problem. The proposed reconstruction method is used to determine transfer functions of various copper wire lengths up to 40 cm inside an elliptical ASTM phantom. The method is first tested on EM‐simulated data and subsequently phantom and bench measurements are used to determine transfer functions experimentally.ResultsIn silica reconstructions demonstrate the validity of the proposed ‐field model resulting in highly accurate reconstructed ‐fields, currents, incident electric fields and transfer functions. The experimental results show slight deviations in the field model, however, resulting transfer functions are accurately determined with high similarity to simulations and comparable to bench measurements.ConclusionA more generally applicable method for MRI‐based transfer function assessment is presented. The proposed method circumvents phase assumptions making it applicable for longer objects and/or higher field strengths. Additional improvements are implemented in the ‐mapping method and the solution algorithm.
Proactive health behavior in middle‐aged and older adult females with urinary incontinence: A grounded theory study
Authors: Zhang Yingying , Li Jie , Hu Yingjie , Liang Surui , Wang Ying , Chen Ling , Cai Wenzhi , Ren Wei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimTo develop a conceptual framework for proactive health behavior among middle‐aged and older adult females with urinary incontinence.DesignQualitative grounded theory study.BackgroundThere is a growing body of research emphasizing the pivotal significance of proactive health behavior. Proactive health behavior can empower patients to actively manage their illnesses and facilitate disease recovery. Clearly defining patients' relevant beliefs and assumptions regarding proactive health behavior can effectively promote their adoption. However, there is currently a lack of relevant research in this area.MethodsWe conducted in‐depth interviews with middle‐aged and older adult females with urinary incontinence (n = 17) and nursing caregivers (n = 9). We used theoretical sampling, whlie conducting continuous comparative analysisi and data collection.ResultsThe study has yielded a substantive theory to facilitate healthcare professionals' comprehension of proactive health behavior in middle‐aged and older adult females with urinary incontinence. The foundation for middle‐aged and older adult females to adopt proactive health behavior is having a certain level of health literacy regarding their conditions. Patients’ internal motivation to engage in proactive health behavior includes a sense of health responsibility and health demands. Additionally, external support received by patients can also facilitate their adoption of proactive health behavior. The proactive health behavior practices of middle‐aged and older adult females mainly include proactive medical care behavior and establishing a healthy lifestyle.ConclusionsThe conceptual framework established in this study offers theoretical support for middle‐aged and older adult females with urinary incontinence to adopt proactive health behavior. It provides a basis for future exploration of proactive health behavior among this demographic and informs the development of more effective health interventions and support measures tailored to their needs.ImpactThe study specifically elucidates the mechanisms and manifestations of proactive health behavior adopted by middle‐aged and older adult females with urinary incontinence, laying the foundation for clarifying the level of proactive health among patients and implementing corresponding intervention measures. Additionally, it can also serve as a reference for related research on other diseases.
Prevalence and factors associated with job burnout among nurses in China: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Li Lei , Fan Jing , Qiu Lili , Li Chunyan , Han Xuanye , Liu Ming , Zhao Shihong , Wang Ying 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimMany people see nursing as a high‐pressure, high‐risk profession. Therefore, job burnout among nursing staff has become an important topic of study and has received widespread attention worldwide. This research intended to evaluate the frequency of and variables related with work burnout among nurses in public hospitals in China.DesignUsing a multistage random sample procedure, a cross‐sectional survey was carried out in the eastern, central and western areas of China.MethodsThe Maslach Inventory‐Human Service Survey and demographic information made up the two sections of the questionnaire. Of the 5250 questionnaires sent, 4865 were deemed legitimate, yielding an effective response rate of 92.67%. A linear regression analysis was performed to investigate the variables linked to nursing work burnout.ResultsAmong the 4865 nurses, women accounted for 97.4% of the survey respondents, most of whom were aged 26–35 years. Results showed that the total scores of emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP) and reduced personal accomplishment (PA) were 20.02 ± 12.04, 4.78 ± 5.54 and 34.42 ± 10.32 respectively. 50.7% of subjects obtained high or moderated scores on EE, 32.8% of subjects obtained high or moderated scores on DP and 80.4% of subjects obtained low or moderated scores on PA. Age, department, position, post‐establishment, work shift type in recent months, overtime times in recent months and night shift frequency in recent months were negatively correlated with EE, and child status, monthly income, working days per week and sleep quality in recent 1 month were positively correlated with it (F = 141.827, P < 0.01, R2 = 0.243). Age, gender, department, post‐establishment, overtime hours in recent months and night shift frequency in recent months were negatively correlated with DP, and child status and sleep quality in the last 1 month were positively correlated with it (F = 78.794, p < 0.01, R2 = 0.115). Child status, years of nursing work and sleep quality in the last 1 month were negatively correlated with PA, whereas age, position, work shift type in recent months and night shift frequency in recent months were positively correlated with it (F = 67.981, p < 0.01, R2 = 0.089).
How taking pictures of landscapes affects the mental stress of young adults
Authors: Hassan Ahmad , Deshun Zhang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn today's fast‐paced society, escalating work and academic pressures have led to rising stress levels. While numerous studies have explored adolescent mental health, there has been a lack of focus on “educational stress” among Chinese students. This study sought to understand the psychological and physiological effects of educational stress in Chinese university students. We studied the impact of a 5‐min nature photography session on campus compared with a control activity of photographing urban settings near campus. Data were collected using blood pressure measurements, electroencephalography (EEG), the Semantic Differential Method (SDM), and the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) in order to understand psychophysiological reactions. The findings from the SDM and STAI assessments indicated that students felt slightly more at ease and considerably more relaxed, had a heightened sense of naturalness, and experienced reduced anxiety after engaging in nature photography compared with urban photography. Notably, we observed that both systolic and diastolic blood pressure dropped by many values and there were noticeable EEG changes among participants. The results suggest that a brief 5‐min nature photography activity can effectively reduce mental stress in Chinese university students.
Rapid generation of well‐defined biodegradable poly(lactide‐co‐glycolide) libraries through chromatographic separation
Authors: Shu Yilei , Pang Huiwen , Wu Youzhi , Wang Yiqing , Huang Guojun , Zhang Cheng , Han Felicity Y. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPoly(lactide‐co‐glycolide) (PLGA) is a biodegradable copolymer and widely used in pharmaceuticals. Commercially available PLGAs are produced through ring‐opening polymerization, which results in inevitable dispersity in molecular weight and chemical composition (i.e., lactide‐to‐glycolide ratio), influencing bulk properties such as degradation, mechanics, and morphology. In this study, an automated chromatographic separation technique was employed to generate a series of well‐defined, low‐dispersity fractionated PLGAs from a single commercially available PLGA (lactide‐to‐glycolide ratio = 50:50). The structural and compositional dependence of properties for pharmaceutical applications in the form of nanofibers and nanoparticles were systematically investigated. The properties of new PLGAs by further separation were significantly dependent on composition. The molecular weight ranges were reduced, while the morphology of nanofibers and nanoparticles became more uniform. Importantly, the stability, mechanical strength, and drug loading increased, and the period of sustained release profile also increased. In brief, our data show that the automated chromatographic separation technique allows for precise control of the molecular weight and lactide‐to‐glycolide composition ratio of PLGA, in contrast to the traditional method. The use of well‐defined and fractionated new PLGA materials holds significant promise for enhancing the potential of PLGA in future pharmaceutical applications.
Effect of an exercise intervention targeting hip strengthening in patients undergoing revision total hip replacement—A study protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled trial
Authors: Stisen Martin Bækgaard , Pedersen Alma Becic , Kjeldsen Troels , Mechlenburg Inger 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundLimited evidence exists regarding the effectiveness of pain relief and functional improvement in patients undergoing revision total hip replacement (THR). Furthermore, there are no clinical guidelines or consensus on optimal rehabilitation after revision THR.PurposeThe primary aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of an exercise intervention targeting hip strengthening with standard community‐based rehabilitation in patients undergoing revision THR.MethodsThis multicenter randomized controlled assessor‐blinded trial will be conducted at eight hospitals and multiple municipality rehabilitation centers in Denmark. A total of 84 patients undergoing revision THR are estimated to be allocated to either an exercise intervention targeting hip strengthening (NEMEX‐STR) or standard community‐based rehabilitation (Usual care). Recruitment was initiated in November 2022 and is expected to be completed by June 2024. The primary outcome is change in functional performance measured by the 30 s chair stand test, from baseline to 4 months after the start of intervention. Secondary outcomes include hip disability and osteoarthritis outcome score; 40 m fast‐paced walk test; 9‐step timed stair climb test; leg extensor muscle power; global perceived effect; and adverse events. Other outcomes include The International Physical Activity Questionnaires, pain intensity, and European quality of life—5 dimensions. An intention‐to‐treat approach will be used for analyzing changes in primary and secondary outcome measures. The trial was approved by the Central Denmark Region Committees on Health Research Ethics (Journal No 1‐10‐72‐134‐22) and registered on the Central Denmark Regions' internal list of research projects (Journal No 1‐16‐02‐285‐22).DiscussionTo our knowledge, this study is the first to explore different rehabilitation programs after revision THR through a randomized controlled trial. The results will provide clinically relevant evidence for optimal rehabilitation after revision THR for improving functional performance, physical function, and quality of life, with great importance for patients, relatives, physiotherapists, and decision‐makers.ClinicalTrial.govNCT05657054.
Quality of life and level of physical activity of individuals with temporomandibular disorders with and without otological symptoms: Secondary analysis of a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Tavares Luiz Felipe , Gadotti Inae Caroline , Melo Rafaela Albuquerque , Moura Ana Beatriz Gomes , Ferreira Lidiane Macedo , Figueiredo‐Ribeiro Karyna Myrelly Oliveira Bezerra 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and purposeOtological symptoms (OS) are highly prevalent in individuals with temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Individuals with TMD and OS have more neck disability and decreased deep neck muscles endurance when compared to individuals without OS. However, no studies have evaluated whether OS is associated with lower Quality of Life (QoL) and worse levels of physical activity. This study aimed to evaluate the QoL and level of physical activity of individuals with TMD with and without OS.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, 62 individuals with TMD were allocated into 2 groups: TMD with OS (n = 36) or TMD without OS (n = 26). Self‐reported complaints of dizziness, vertigo, tinnitus, earache, ear fullness, or hypoacusis were considered as OS. QoL was assessed with the WHOQOL‐Bref and physical activity with the IPAQ‐SF. Independent t‐test and chi‐squared test were used for analysis between‐groups. Effect sizes were reported using Cohen's d. A Pearson correlation was used to compare the number of OS and QoL scores. A significance level of p < 0.05% and 95% confidence intervals were considered statistically significant.ResultsThe total generic scores for QoL were not different between‐groups (p = 0.076), but individuals with TMD with OS had lower satisfaction (p = 0.015; d: 0.63) and physical domain (p = 0.015; d: 0.64) scores with a moderate effect size. In TMD with OS, 69.4% of individuals were irregularly active and 50% for the TMD without OS, with no statistical significance (p > 0.05). The number of OSs was inversely and weakly associated with the QoL total score.ConclusionIndividuals with TMD and OS are associated with worsened QoL (physical domain and satisfaction) when compared to individuals with TMD without OS. The higher the number of OS, the worse the QoL score. Individuals with TMD with and without OS had similar levels of physical activity, but a high prevalence of irregularly active and sedentary individuals within TMD diagnosed population was found.
Experimental design considerations and statistical analyses in preclinical tumor growth inhibition studies
Authors: Bonato Vinicius , Tang Szu‐Yu , Hsieh Matilda , Zhang Yao , Deng Shibing 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAnimal models are used in cancer pre‐clinical research to identify drug targets, select compound candidates for clinical trials, determine optimal drug dosages, identify biomarkers, and ensure compound safety. This tutorial aims to provide an overview of study design and data analysis from animal studies, focusing on tumor growth inhibition (TGI) studies used for prioritization of anticancer compounds. Some of the experimental design aspects discussed here include the selection of the appropriate biological models, the choice of endpoints to be used for the assessment of anticancer activity (tumor volumes, tumor growth rates, events, or categorical endpoints), considerations on measurement errors and potential biases related to this type of study, sample size estimation, and discussions on missing data handling. The tutorial also reviews the statistical analyses employed in TGI studies, considering both continuous endpoints collected at single time‐point and continuous endpoints collected longitudinally over multiple time‐points. Additionally, time‐to‐event analysis is discussed for studies focusing on event occurrences such as animal deaths or tumor size reaching a certain threshold. Furthermore, for TGI studies involving categorical endpoints, statistical methodology is outlined to compare outcomes among treatment groups effectively. Lastly, this tutorial also discusses analysis for assessing drug combination synergy in TGI studies, which involves combining treatments to enhance overall treatment efficacy. The tutorial also includes R sample scripts to help users to perform relevant data analysis of this topic.
High Capacitance Porous Ruthenium Nitride Films with High Rate Capability for Micro‐Supercapacitors
Authors: Dinh Khac Huy , Whang Grace , Huve Marielle , Troadec David , Barnabé Antoine , Dunn Bruce , Roussel Pascal , Lethien Christophe 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe demand for high‐performance energy storage devices to power Internet of Things applications has driven intensive research on micro‐supercapacitors (MSCs). In this study, RuN films made by magnetron sputtering as an efficient electrode material for MSCs are investigated. The sputtering parameters are carefully studied in order to maximize film porosity while maintaining high electrical conductivity, enabling a fast charging process. Using a combination of advanced techniques, the relationships among the morphology, structure, and electrochemical properties of the RuN films are investigated. The films are shown to have a complex structure containing a mixture of crystallized Ru and RuN phases with an amorphous oxide layer. The combination of high electrical conductivity and pseudocapacitive charge storage properties enabled a 16 µm‐thick RuN film to achieve a capacitance value of 0.8 F cm−2 in 1 m KOH with ultra‐high rate capability.
Sulfone‐functionalized stable molecular single crystals for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Hu Xunliang , Yang Xiaoju , Song Bingyi , Zhan Zhen , Sun Ruixue , Guo Yantong , Yang Li‐Ming , Yang Xuan , Zhang Chun , Hussain Irshad , Wang Xiaoyan , Tan Bien 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHighly crystalline organic semiconductors are ideal materials for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution in water splitting. However, the instability and complex synthesis processes of most reported organic molecule‐based photocatalysts restrict their applications. In this study, we introduce benzo [1,2‐b:4,5‐bʹ] bis [1] benzothiophene‐3,9‐dicarboxylic acid, 5,5,11,11‐tetraoxide (FSOCA), a highly crystalline, stable molecular crystal that is easy to synthesize and serves as an efficient photocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction. FSOCA exhibits high efficiency in sacrificial hydrogen evolution reaction (760 µmol h−1, 76 mmol g−1 h−1 at 330 mW cm−2; 570 µmol h−1, 57 mmol g−1 h−1 at 250 mW cm−2), and FSOCA remains stable during photocatalysis for up to 400 h. Experiments and theoretical studies confirmed the presence of hydrogen bonds between the sulfone group and the sacrificial agent (ascorbic acid). This interaction significantly improved the oxidation reaction kinetics and boosted the photocatalytic performance. This study presents a scalable and convenient approach to synthesize highly crystalline, active, and stable organic photocatalysts with potential applications in large‐scale photocatalysis.
Exploring the effective stress behavior of internally pressurized cylinders with varying density
Authors: Singh Arjun , Gulial Priya , Thakur Pankaj 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis research article presents a comprehensive examination of effective stress behavior in internally pressurized cylinders with varying density, utilizing Norton's law as the analytical framework. Our thorough numerical computations encompass a wide array of steels and steel alloys commonly employed in cylinder fabrication, covering five distinct types of anisotropy. The investigation meticulously analyzes the profound impact of anisotropy and the exponent “n” within the creep law. A key insight emerges as the effective stress values for anisotropic materials, particularly in Type‐I and Type‐II, showcase a notable reduction compared to their isotropic counterparts in Type‐III. Moreover, we highlight the active role played by an increasing density parameter in elevating the values of radial, circumferential, axial stress, and effective stress within the rotating cylinder composed of anisotropic materials.