bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Positive loneliness as a means of solving psychological problems in adolescence
Authors: Ансимова Нина Петровна , Прядилина Алеся Алексеевна 
Published: June 2024

Рассматривается проблема переживания одиночества в юношеском возрасте, в частности обращено внимание к его конструктивному характеру. Выдвигая собственное рабочее определение понятия «одиночество», под которым понимается психическое состояние, авторы формулируют идею о наличии так называемого поля одиночества, куда входят зоны ограждения и отстранения. Ключевым в работе является понятие позитивного одиночества как одного из видов одиночества, связанного с внутренней работой человека над собственным опытом, а именно с его переработкой и интеграцией. Целью исследования стало выявление возможностей переживания позитивного одиночества как потенциального средства решения таких психологических проблем в юношеском возрасте, как проблем самоотношения, поиска смысла жизни и эмоционального благополучия. На основе результатов, полученных в ходе тестирования и обработанных с помощью методов описательной статистики и корреляционного анализа, авторы делают выводы об особенностях переживания одиночества, в том числе позитивного, у учащихся старших классов, студентов вузов и колледжей. Исследование показало, что переживанием позитивного одиночества могут определяться значимость или незначимость некоторых жизненных смыслов и желательность различных эмоциональных переживаний, а это в свою очередь может способствовать решению проблем поиска смысла жизни и эмоционального самочувствия.
The problem of experiencing loneliness in adolescence is considered, in particular, attention is drawn to its constructive nature. Putting forward their own working definition of the concept of “loneliness”, which refers to a mental state, the authors formulate the idea of the presence of a so-called field of loneliness, which includes zones of fencing and exclusion. The key to the work is the concept of positive loneliness, as one of the types of loneliness associated with a person’s internal work on his own experience, namely with its processing and integration. The purpose of the study was to identify the possibilities of experiencing positive loneliness as a potential means of solving such psychological problems in adolescence, such as problems of self-attitude, searching for the meaning of life and emotional well-being. Based on the results obtained during testing and processed using methods of descriptive statistics and correlation analysis, the authors draw conclusions about the characteristics of the experience of loneliness, including positive ones, among high school students, university and college students. The study showed that the experience of positive loneliness can determine the significance or insignificance of certain life meanings and the desirability of various emotional experiences, and this, in turn, can help solve problems of finding the meaning of life and emotional well-being.
Flow-controlled expiration ventilation using a piston ventilator: effects of expiration time and speed on respiratory and pulmonary mechanics with focus on hysteresis and compliance in healthy horses
Authors: Douglas Hope F. , Brandly Jerrianne , Hopster Klaus 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To investigate the effects of FLow-controlled EXpiration (FLEX) ventilation expiration time and speed on respiratory and pulmonary mechanics in anesthetized horses in dorsal recumbency.

ANIMALS
6 healthy adult research horses.

METHODS
In this randomized crossover experimental study, horses were anesthetized 3 times and were ventilated each time for 60 minutes using conventional volume-controlled ventilation (VCV), linear emptying of the lung over 50% of the expiratory time (FLEX50), or linear emptying of the lung over 100% of the expiratory time (FLEX100) in a randomized order. The primary outcome variables were dynamic compliance (Cdyn), hysteresis, and alveolar dead space. The data was analyzed using two-factor ANOVA. Significance was set to P < .05.

RESULTS
Horses ventilated using FLEX50 and FLEX100 showed significantly higher Cdyn and significantly lower hysteresis values compared to horses ventilated using VCV. Horses ventilated using FLEX50 had significantly lower alveolar dead space compared to horses ventilated using FLEX100 or VCV. Horses ventilated using FLEX100 had significantly lower alveolar dead space compared to VCV horses.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Our results demonstrate improved Cdyn, hysteresis, and alveolar dead space in horses ventilated with either FLEX50 or FLEX100 relative to traditional VCV. The use of FLEX with a faster exhalation speed (FLEX50) offers additional respiratory advantages.
How much protection does clopidogrel provide to cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
Authors: Rishniw Mark 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) have a risk of developing aortic thromboembolism (ATE). Clopidogrel reduces the risk of redeveloping ATE and delays recurrence of ATE in cats that have experienced an ATE episode. Consequently, cardiologists have recommended administering clopidogrel to cats as a primary preventative, suggesting that all cats with severe HCM be administered clopidogrel. However, clopidogrel is unpalatable in its manufactured format, making such administration problematic for many clients. Therefore, estimating the potential benefit of administration might help clinicians determine on a case-by-case basis the need to treat cats with clopidogrel. Relatively simple statistical analyses of currently available data, along with certain assumptions and extrapolations, allow such an estimation of benefit in terms of relative and absolute risk reduction conferred by clopidogrel. Using this approach, and provided certain assumptions are true, clopidogrel likely confers a reduction in risk of ATE in cats with moderate to severe HCM of approximately 3% to 4%. Given the difficulty of administering clopidogrel to cats, clinicians should weigh these relatively small potential benefits against the potential harms (difficulty of administration) and not necessarily insist that clients administer clopidogrel.
Socialist in content, national in form: Small-scale housing estates in Budapest between 1945 and 1960
Authors: Bene Bence 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In the second half of the 20th century, solving the housing crisis became a significant social issue and political task throughout Europe, particularly in the countries of the Eastern Bloc. Although due to its quantity, prefabricated large mass housing estates became overrepresented, dozens of smaller, experimental, and diverse mass housing forms also emerged. It is hypothesized, that these small housing estates, due to their scale and quality, are urban planning projects that were realized across political, economic, and architectural changes. To demonstrate their adaptability, this paper presents the small housing estates built in one of the capitals of the Eastern Bloc countries—Budapest—during the most turbulent one-and-a-half decades of the socialist era (1945–1960). The research consists of three main parts: (1) Hungarian politics and housing policy, (2) Budapest's urban policy, and (3) a brief presentation of the urban planning and architectural aspects of Budapest's small housing estates. The result of the research is the creation of a complete small housing estates portfolio, illustrated archive articles, archival plans, and photographs. It becomes evident that although the times from World War II to the consolidation of power saw vastly different political eras, directives, and ideals realized, along with various architectural styles and housing policies, the small housing estate as an urban planning product was able to adapt and survive. Moreover, it is a valuable architectural, housing, and urban planning imprint of the era, the only mass housing form realized in numerous examples in Budapest.
Enhancing visual comfort in staircases: A comprehensive analysis and design recommendations
Authors: Benkouda Hassina , Louafi Samira , Mebarki Ammar 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
People should be walking towards the inside of the dwelling through an appropriate visual environment in transitional space; this environment is the staircase in the collective housing. The proper understanding of visual adaptation parameters in the staircase helps architects provide a suitable environment for inhabitants. This paper aims to specify design elements of the staircase in collective housing, to achieve a visual comfort in this transitional space. The work involved two approaches: field measurements and a visual comfort survey using a questionnaire; 144 questionnaires are collected, in four residential buildings with different staircases treatment in the city of Arris, Algeria, to examine the illuminance levels in different staircase positions along the path from outside the building to inside, in summer and winter where illuminance ratios were calculated and compared with CIBSE Code. The discomfort sensations ranged from "subtle” to "dramatic”. The results show that a staircase with the percentage of opening of 88% indicated "strong" and "dramatic" visual shock in many points and as this staircase is open, it is exposed to light conditions and so it does not ensure the necessary transition. This leads to advising against the open staircase. In the case of a staircase treated with transoms of clear glass with the percentage of opening of 11%, these transoms direct the light to specific areas creating "strong" visual shock in many points of the stair landings and hence it leads to advise against that. The staircases treated with vertical bays throughout the façade presenting a percentage of opening between 19% and 22%, these treatments allow the penetration of daylight in a diffused way which ensures a balanced distribution of daylight inside the staircases. The existence of a solid overhang at the entrance; the façade treated with vertical bays, where the percentage of opening of the façade is about 19% and 22%, provided adequate transition leading to reasonable visual comfort.
Gamification Solution in Teacher Education
Authors: Buda András , Pesti Csilla 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Achievements of students in higher education are influenced by several factors. From the students’ perspective a key factor is the motivation, without which it is extremely difficult to make any progress, and from the teachers’ perspective the conservative methodological culture is primarily responsible for the fact that students are often uninterested, apathetic, and therefore they do not meet the expected requirements at all or only at a low level.

Methods:
In a pilot project we gamified the evaluation of a teacher education course at the University of Debrecen. We asked the participating students (26 students) at the beginning and at the end of the semester for their opinion on the evaluation system used. For this purpose, we used a short questionnaire that we compiled, which included both closed and open questions.

Results:
At the beginning of the semester, this form of assessment was very new to most students, and the difficulty of the assessment was judged differently by the course participants. In the end, students completed an average of nearly 5 (4.67) of the nine optional tasks. There were some tasks that were rated as both enjoyable and developmental by many, but there were also some that were barely chosen. Overall, the vast majority rated gamification as good or better than traditional assessment based on completion of compulsory tasks.

Discussion:
Gamification should be included in teacher education courses because first-hand experience can not only increase the intention to use the method in the future but can also influence the attitude of prospective teachers towards innovative teaching methods in a positive direction.

Limitations:
The size of the sample and the content of the optional tasks used do not allow the generalisation of the results to the whole population.

Conclusions:
Our results show that gamification can be an effective alternative to traditional education. It can increase student satisfaction, motivation and develop a broader range of competences, but it requires precise conditions and ownership. It would be useful to investigate the results of gamification assessment in other courses and how students' perceptions of the method change in courses where they are no longer unfamiliar with it.
Constraints, Contradictions and Challenges regarding Cooperation of Parents during COVID-19: A Social Capital Perspective
Authors: Motsumi Tshegofatso Portia , Khumalo Shuti Steph 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
When calamity hits humanity in the form of natural disasters, they appear unannounced. The same applies to the recent destructive and disruptive Covid-19 pandemic. During the early days of this pandemic, life activities were halted abruptly. Global education systems were not spared - most institutions were caught napping and forced to close. The educational development of children was adversely affected by the hard lockdown and stringent restrictions that followed the outbreak of the pandemic. The role that parents had to play in the education of their children needed to evolve to meet the new demands.

Methods:
The researchers approached this study from a qualitative interpretivist philosophical stance to interview principals, teachers, and parents. In addition, this paper was located within Coleman’s social capital theory.

Results:
Amongst the key findings that emerged from the study were serious challenges regarding parents’ cooperation during the Covid-19 pandemic, namely, communication challenges between the school and home, increased learner absenteeism, and failure by learners to do schoolwork. Finally, the study also found that some parents were disinterested and disengaged from the schools. This study is significant because it provides epistemological insights and understanding of the challenges schools experienced during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Discussion:
Without exception, all participants felt strongly that the involvement of parents in a child’s education during a pandemic such as Covid-19 is significant. According to Durisic and Bunijevac (2017), the more actively parents are involved in their children's learning, the more benefits are achieved. In contrast, there often seems to be little to no collaboration between the school and the home in ensuring that their common goal of seeing the child succeed is achieved. This is in harmony with the findings of Porumbu and Necsoi (2013) who intimate that, sometimes, parents may feel like they are doing everything to help their children, but due to lack of communication between the parents and the school, the school may feel as though involvement is lacking.

Limitations:
The study was limited to only three schools and only nine participants were subjected to semi-structured interviews.

Conclusions:
The study provided epistemological insights regarding the cooperation and involvement of parents during the trying circumstances of the Covid-19 pandemic. This study provided the findings which are critical for theory, practice and policy to the education systems regarding future disasters.
Soil drought stress and high-temperature effects on photosystem II in different juvenile spruce provenances
Authors: Jamnická Gabriela , Húdoková Hana , Fleischer Peter , Ježík Marek 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
With prolonged periods of drought and temperature extremes becoming more frequent, the stress on Norway spruce has increased, as its ecological optimum is in colder and more humid environments. However, it is a tree species with a good adaptability, due to its great geographic and intraspecific variability. In this study, we tested the sensitivity of chlorophyll a fluorescence tools for the early detection of drought and heat stress, as well as their combined effect, in four Slovak Carpathian provenances, under controlled laboratory conditions. Responses in photosynthetic parameters of fast and slow (light response curves) kinetics of chlorophyll a fluorescence were analysed in spruce seedlings under four treatments: control, drought, heat, and combined drought + heat. Heat and drought + heat stresses led to the decrease of photosynthetic efficiency to a greater extent than in the case of only individual drought stress. The less sensitive parameter impacted by the stresses was the maximum quantum yield of PSII photochemistry (Fv/Fm), while the more sensitive parameters were: the performance index based on absorption of light energy (PIABS), the effective quantum yield of the PSII (ΦPSII), and the coefficients of non-photochemical fluorescence quenching (NPQ, qN). The significant variability in responses of individual provenances was also observed. Seedlings from two studied provenances responded better to these abiotic stresses (Pa-680 and Pa-1500); however, Pa-1500 provenance from the highest altitude showed the best ability of resistance to soil drought stress, as well as to high temperature effect. This rapid screening of photosystems II efficiency showed the importance of the selection of more resistant populations to concurrent stresses as one of the measures to mitigate climate change impacts.
Drought effects on growth, biochemical changes and leaf gas exchange in laurel (Laurus nobilis L.)
Authors: Ishimwe Christine , Deligöz Ayşe 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Drought is one of the abiotic factors that negatively affect the productivity of laurel (Laurus nobilis L.). Increasing water scarcity in arid and semi-arid regions is pushing the physiological limits of woody species, necessitating strong resistance to drought. Studies should be conducted on the effects of drought stress not only on forest trees but also some medicinal and ornamental species, and ways to increase their resistance should be explored. This study was carried out to determine the effect of drought stress on seedling growth and some physiological and biochemical properties in laurel. The seedlings were subjected to drought stress for about 4 months with three different irrigation regimes: watering once every 2–3 days (control), every 15 days, and every 30 days. Morphological properties (root collar diameter, height, dry weight, stem: root ratio, and number of leaves), physiological properties (midday xylem water potential and photosynthesis properties), and biochemical properties (photosynthetic pigments, total carbohydrate, and proline contents) were determined. Results have shown that drought stress has a negative effect on root collar diameter, seedling height, and dry weight. Likewise, leaf number and midday xylem water potential decreased due to increased drought stress. Furthermore, the net photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate of the least irrigated (30th day) seedlings were quite low compared to those of control seedlings. The differences in chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, and carotenoid contents were also found to be statistically significant. Total carbohydrate and proline contents showed the highest values for the least irrigated seedlings and the lowest values for controlled irrigation seedlings. Our results reflect the improved tolerance capacity of laurel to increased drought stress.
Sessile oak (Quercus petraea [Matt.] Liebl.) and its adaptation strategies in the context of global climate change: a review
Authors: Černý Jakub , Špulák Ondřej , Kománek Martin , Žižková Eliška , Sýkora Petr 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This paper provides characteristic and a comprehensive overview of the adaptation strategies of sessile oak (Quercus petraea [Matt.] Liebl.) in the context of global climate change (GCC). The GCC is primarily manifested by increasing air temperatures and changing precipitation distribution. It poses a significant challenge to tree species including sessile oak, affecting its capacity for adaptation and survival. Despite the challenge, sessile oak shows significant drought tolerance due to its deep-reaching root system, which allows the tree to use available water more efficiently. Other adaptive strategies include the establishment of mixed stands that increase the resilience and biodiversity of the ecosystem. Adjustments of stand density through tending interventions play a significant role, helping to improve the stress resistance of stands. Additionally, coppice forest cultivation is applied on extremely dry sites. The sessile oak is also significant for its ecological plasticity – its ability to thrive on versatile soil and climatic conditions makes it a promising tree species for future forest management. Mixed stands with sessile oak and other tree species can enhance the ecosystem services of forests and also increase their endurance to GCC events. However, sessile oak faces several challenges, including the increasing risk of damage from pests and pathogens that require targeted measures for its protection and sustainable cultivation. The literature review suggests that a comprehensive understanding of sessile oak’s ecological requirements and interactions with the environment is crucial for its successful adaptation to GCC and the formulation of effective strategies for its protection and use in forest management.
Experimental Evaluation of Most Sustainable Companies: Impact on Economic Growth, Return on Equity (ROE) and Methodological Comparison
Authors: Serzante Milena , Stankevych Viktoriia 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Research purpose.
The study aims to analyse, how the sustainable performance of the company impacts the economy and businesses' economic performance, and to build a model, using environmental, social, and financial indicators.

Design / Methodology / Approach.
To achieve this goal such methods as the Pearson correlation, Multiple Linear Regression, Cook's distance method, K-nearest neighbour and COPRAS technique were implemented.

Findings.
The results indicate no significant correlation between the sustainability activities of companies and the GDP of their respective countries, nor between companies' ROE and their sustainability performance. These findings suggest that conventional methods of evaluating corporate sustainability may not accurately reflect its economic impacts. Furthermore, discrepancies observed between the Corporate Knights rankings and those calculated using the COPRAS method highlight the critical need for a deeper examination of assessment methodologies. This outcome calls for a reassessment of sustainability practices and methodologies to better understand and leverage their benefits in the corporate and economic realms. While the study provides initial insights into the current sustainability assessments, further research should explore alternative evaluative models and their implications across different industries.

Originality / Value / Practical implications.
Companies have a significant impact on the environment and society, and sustainability is important not only for ethical concerns but also for financial and economic reasons.