bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of a mobile health application usability scale for older adults with chronic diseases
Authors: Yu Hongyu , Qiu Weiyu , Wang Yanfeng , Wu Qingyang , Hu Ke , Ye Qiuyun , Yang Qiaohong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Chronic diseases are one of the leading causes of disability and death in people over 60 years old. Mobile health applications can revolutionize healthcare delivery and management of chronic conditions and reduce healthcare costs. Unfortunately, many of these applications are not designed for elderly patients with chronic diseases. Therefore, it is crucial to create a reliable and specialized tool that developers and researchers can use to assess the usability of mobile (mHealth) applications designed specifically for elderly patients.
Objective
To develop and validate a mHealth application usability evaluation scale for elderly patients with chronic diseases.
Methods
We developed the first edition of the scale from March to September 2022 through literature review, interview, team discussion, and the Delphi method. Between October and December 2022, the improved scale after a pilot test was used to conduct surveys in Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, to analyze and screen items using the Item Discrimination Index, Correlation coefficient, Internal consistency test, and exploratory factor analysis. From October 2022 to February 2023, we completed the data collection and evaluation of the reliability and validity of the scale.
Results
The finalized scale included six dimensions and 23 items. Item-level content validity indices and the average scale content validity index ranged from 0.85–1. The validation evaluation showed that the scale has a good fit, with a χ2/df ratio of 1.728 and various fit indices ranging from 0.817–0.928. The values of Average Variance extraction and Composite Reliability also met the recommended criteria, with a value greater than 0.4 and 0.6, respectively. Additionally, the Cronbach's α coefficient for the full scale and subscales ranged from 0.758–0.911, indicating good internal consistency.
Conclusions
The usability scale for elderly patients with chronic diseases is a reliable and valid instrument. It fills gaps in existing tools, offering a comprehensive assessment of mHealth app usability among target audience. It has the potential to improve mHealth app design and promote age-appropriateness of healthcare delivery.
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Reverse Seroconversion after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation According to Baseline Serological Markers and Vaccination Status: A Single-Center Database Analysis
Authors: Kang Soo Young , Ko Heejoo , Lee Raeseok , Park Sung-Soo , Han Seunghoon 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Hepatitis B is a major prognostic factor after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Currently, there is a lack of consensus on the management of the broader spectrum of situations that can lead to reverse seroconversion of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg-RS). Here, we focused on HBsAg-RS, a warning sign of active hepatitis development, and sought to obtain exploratory information on patient and treatment factors associated with it.
Methods
We conducted a single-center retrospective study using clinical data extracted from the electronic medical records of Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, Korea. Patients who underwent HSCT between January 2013 and December 2018 and were hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-negative before HSCT were included. The associations of HBsAg-RS with demographic information, baseline hepatitis B serologic markers, and vaccination status were statistically analyzed.
Results
This study included 1,344 patients, of whom 83.3% tested positive for hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) at the time of HSCT. HBsAg-RS occurred in 2.2% of HBsAb-negative patients and 3.0% of HBsAb-positive patients, indicating no significant difference in reactivation rates by HBsAb status. However, testing positive for the hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb) was significantly associated with hepatitis B virus reactivation (HBsAg-RS rate, 8.0%). Vaccination rates were highest in patients who were negative for both HBsAb and HBcAb, and they had a transient protective effect.
Conclusion
The adequate patient population analyzed allowed us to identify an association between baseline HBcAb positivity and the development of HBsAg-RS. The need for prospective studies on appropriate vaccination methods to prevent HBsAg-RS is suggested.
WITHDRAWN: Analysis of risk factors associated with unfavorable response to treatments in rifampicin-sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis patients
Authors: Lv Luyi , Ye Ling , Lan Jianhua , Fang Min , Wang Tao , Wu Zhiyu , Wu Shugen , Lu Weili , Peng Chunxian , Lu Tao 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn, as it was submitted in error. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
Analysis of hospitalization expenditures and influencing factors for inpatients with chronic bronchitis based on SHA2011 in Anhui,China
Authors: Guo Mengzi , Li Zihang , Song Tianyu , Ma Rongfei , Lv Bangliang , Tang Zhiru 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

This study compares the hospitalization expenses of patients with chronic bronchitis in A province to estimate the economic burden of the family. Our data included hospitalization records of 30,341 patients with chronic bronchitis from five urban general hospitals in A province. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis were used to explore the relevant factors affecting hospitalization expenses.This study shows that from 2016 to 2019, the medical expenditure of patients with chronic bronchitis increased year by year, with an average annual growth rate of 22%. Among all kinds of expenses, the hospitalization expenses, drug expenses, bed expenses, laboratory expenses and other expenses paid by urban employee medical insurance and public insurance are higher than other types of medical insurance. The treatment fees and nursing fees paid by public insurance are also higher than other medical insurance, and the inspection fees of commercial insurance are lower than other types of insurance. At the same time, the length of hospitalization of public insurance is also longer than that of other types of medical insurance. Between 2016 and 2019, the average medical expenses per patient with chronic bronchitis increased by 0.44 times, with the highest average medical expenses among patients aged 60–70. When the number of service days is between 5–10 days, the average medical expenditure is the highest. Extending the service level will lead to an increase in patients ' medical expenses.Patients with chronic bronchitis and their families and society are experiencing heavy economic pressures. The results of our study showed that there was a significant increase in medical expenses for patients with chronic bronchitis from 2015 to 2020.
Study of Age Related Changes in the Physicochemical Properties of Cocamidopropyl Betaine (CAPB), Observations from an Industrialization Case Study
Authors: Mahmoud Noor eldin , Rashed Mohamed S. , AlRashidi Bandar M. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Cocamidopropyl betaine is a synthetic surfactant derived from the reaction between coconut oil fatty acids and dimethylaminopropylamine, yielding a mixture of amidoamine betaine closely related to organic compounds. This work aims to study the effect of aging related changes on the physicochemical properties of cocamidopropyl betaine. Four batches of cocamidopropyl betaine (30% active) were manufactured using a two-step batch process: condensation reaction and quaternization reaction process. The physicochemical properties such as pH value, solid content (NVM), sodium chloride content, and H2O2 content of CAPB-betaine were studied over a period of 12 months. Additional confirmation tests were conducted using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis to verify that there were no changes in the chemical structure of CAPB-betaine (Batch #1) over 12 months. The results showed that the physicochemical properties for four batches had similar readings value over the age period. The analysis revealed that the physicochemical properties of the four batches remained relatively consistent throughout the aging period. The readings obtained for pH value, solid content, sodium chloride content, and free amidoamine content showed minimal variation across the batches over the course of the study. This indicates that the batches maintained their stability and reliability over the 12-month period.
Effect of a novel spatial-temporal computer-aided detection system on adenoma detection during colonoscopy: A multicenter, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wang Pengju , Li Longsong , Rong Long , Jin Peng , Zhang Wenhui , Zhang Bo , Tao Yurong , Ma Li , Wang Chunyan , Zhao Can , Geng Zihui , Cheng Yaxuan , Meng Fanqi , Xiao Wen , Linghu Enqiang , Chai Ningli 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Most computer-aided detection (CADe) systems depend on the spatial information from static images rendering them unreliable for real-time diagnosis. This research aims to assess the performance of a novel spatial-temporal CADe system.
Methods
This randomized study recruited patients 18 years or older scheduled for colonoscopy at four endoscopy centers from June 2023 to September 2023. Participants were randomly assigned to receive CADe colonoscopy or conventional colonoscopy. The primary outcome was ADR. Furthermore, the correlation between endoscopists’ acceptance rate of the CADe system and ADR was observed.
Results
Among 3317 patients, the ADR was 32.1% in the CADe group and 24.7% in the control group (P < 0.001). The CADe group detected significantly more adenomas < 10 mm and flat-type adenomas [(23.3% vs. 18.4%, P = 0.001) and (15.5% vs. 9.9%, P = 0.001), respectively]. In addition, a significant correlation (r = 0.916, P < 0.001) was observed between the grit score and ADR with the CADe system.
Conclusion
The spatial-temporal CADe system significantly improved overall polyp and adenoma detection, especially for diminutive and flat-type lesions. Moreover, endoscopists with a greater propensity to embrace the CADe system tend to detect a higher proportion of adenomas during colonoscopy.
Research priorities for nurses in antimicrobial stewardship in a middle-income country: a nominal group technique study
Authors: Gusmão Viviane Cristina de Lima , Abraão Ligia Maria , Felix Adriana Maria da Silva , Ciofi-Silva Caroline Lopes , Courtenay Molly , Ness Valerie , Castro-Sanchez Enrique , de Figueiredo Rosely Moralez , Padoveze Maria Clara , group Workshop participants 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background Antimicrobial Stewardship Programmes (ASP) have become an important strategy to address antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Despite the increasing number of international publications, identifying the roles played by nurses as part of ASPs, in low and middle-income countries this theme is poorly researched. This study aimed to identify priority research gaps in the Brazilian context on nurses' performance in ASPs from the perspective of nursing professionals and explore the main themes among the ideas generated by these nurses.Methods This was a qualitative study using the modified Nominal Group Technique (mNGT) during a 3-day online workshop. Thematic analysis was performed based on the ideas proposed by the participants after the clarification stage.Results The participants suggested 68 ideas at the first phase. After the idea’s clarification phase, 45 ideas were included in the voting rounds. The ideas prioritized by participants voting addressed: i) attributions and competencies of nurses in the ASP; ii) planning and implementation of ASP nurses' activities, and iii) use of information and communication technologies to assist nurses. The thematic analysis highlighted nine main themes.Conclusions The role of nursing in dealing with AMR and, more directly, its role in ASP are still unknown and under-researched topics in Brazil. The participants identified ideas that were mainly focused on elementary aspects of ASP. These themes should be further studied in the Brazilian context, but may potentially be applicable to other similar socio-economic contexts.
Assessing the Feasibility and Acceptance of the Deaf-in-Touch Everywhere (DITE™) Mobile App: Insights from Healthcare Simulations and Stakeholder Discussions (HEARD Project)
Authors: Ng E-Shuen , Wong Ruo Xian , Fernando Weerahennadige Ninoshka Jonathan Elkan , Dhanoa Amreeta , Ratnasingam Vanassa , Chong Vee Yee , Ng Jennifer , Palanisamy Uma Devi , Jacob Sabrina Anne 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background Deaf individuals confront healthcare disparities from communication barriers, aggravated by Deaf culture ignorance and limitations of lip-reading. While medically-trained sign language interpreters (SLIs) offer solutions, shortages persist. Thus, the Deaf in Touch Everywhere (DITE™) app was developed to provide virtual SLI services through teleconferencing. This study investigates the app's feasibility and factors influencing the adaptation and utilization by the stakeholders.Methods This study adheres to the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Studies (COREQ) guidelines. Participants (≥ 18 years) were purposively sampled and comprised of three stakeholder groups: Malaysian sign language (BIM) users (BNUs), BIM interpreters (JBIMs), and healthcare providers (HCPs). They were involved in simulated medical consultations via video conferencing using the DITE™ app. Following this, three focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted. Interview questionnaires were designed using the extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT); encompassing performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, and behavioural intention. Recorded interviews with JBIMs and HCPs were transcribed verbatim, while transcripts from BNUs were derived from video recordings. Results were imported into NVivo 12 software, and thematic analysis was performed.Results Nineteen participants, comprising six BNUs, six JBIMs, and seven HCPs, participated in three FGDs. The findings were categorized according to the five UTAUT categories and were explored within each participant group. Within the performance expectancy, themes relating to the strengths and limitations of DITE app emerged. Effort expectancy themes encompassed adaptation/adjustment, challenges/setbacks, and navigation/interface of the app. Social influence themes included concerns about data privacy/confidentiality, medicolegal acceptance, and encouragement to use app from relevant stakeholders. Facilitating conditions encompassed themes like confidentiality, support availability, prior relationship with interpreters, previous consultation experiences, and familiarity with telecommunication tools. Regarding behavioural intention, themes that emerged were app usage and promotion and comparing telemedicine and face-to-face consultations with DITE app. In addition, limiting conditions and areas for improvement were discussed.Conclusion The DITE app holds the potential to tackle communication barriers between Deaf individuals and HCPs. However, ongoing research, fine-tuning, and strategic deployment are vital to maximize its effectiveness in enhancing healthcare accessibility and outcomes for the Deaf community in Malaysia.
Association between eating alone and motor function among community-dwelling older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Mikiya Ryosuke , Momoki Chika , Sawada Yuko , Habu Daiki 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected the motor function and nutritional status of community-dwelling older adults. The relationship between motor function, depression, and nutritional status during the COVID-19 lockdown period was examined in community-dwelling older adults based on the Motor Fitness Scale (MFS) scores.
Methods
A questionnaire-based survey was conducted among 900 community-dwelling older people aged 65 years and above. Of 400 people who responded to the questionnaire, 66 people with missing MFS responses, 45 people with a Dementia Assessment Sheet for Community-based Integrated Care System 8-items (DASC-8) score of 11 or more, 9 people with neurological and mental problems , and 43 people certified as requiring support or care were excluded. The remaining 237 people (mean age, 73.1±6.0 years) were included for analysis. Based on MFS cutoff points of 11 or less for men and 9 or less for women, the participants were divided into the low MFS group (n=65) and normal MFS group (n=172). Nutritional status was assessed using the mini nutritional assessment, short form (MNA®-SF). Age, gender, household situation, education, eating alone , Geriatric Depression Scale15 (GDS15), and DASC-8 data were collected.
Results
Compared with the normal group, the group with reduced MFS score had a significantly higher proportion of those aged 75 years or older (p=0.001, Cramer’s V=0.215) and those who ate alone (p=0.052, Cramer’s V=0.135). Furthermore, a higher proportion of the participants were at risk of low nutrition. Multivariate logistic regression analysis with lower MFS score as the outcome showed that dietary status: eating alone (odds ratio [OR]: 4.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.39–11.99) was independently associated with lower MFS scores. The presence of MNA®-SF risk showed an OR of 2.27 and a 95% CI of 0.96–5.38, but it was not a significant factor.
Conclusions
Eating alone was independently associated with lower MFS scores in community-dwelling older people. To prevent the decline of motor function in older people, attention should be paid to their nutritional status and whether they eat alone or not. This study provides a research direction for surveys to be performed in settings where performing face-to-face surveys is challenging.
Primary Adenocarcinoma of the Spermatic Cord: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Sun Qi , Yang Yuan-Zhong , Chen Ya , An Xin , Zhang Yijun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Primary malignant neoplasms of the spermatic cord are extremely rare, with most reported cases being sarcomas or metastatic carcinomas. However, primary adenocarcinoma of the spermatic cord has not been previously reported.
Case presentation:
A 34-year-old male with a solid mass in the right spermatic cord, was eventually diagnosed with primary adenocarcinoma. Histological examination revealed a moderately-to-poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma exhibiting glandular, cribriform, or nested growth patterns, characterized by medium to large-sized cells and focal extracellular mucus. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated positive staining for CK (AE1/AE3), CK8/18, CK19, MOC31 (EP-CAM), and Ber-EP4, while negative staining was observed for CK7, D2-40, WT-1, MC, PAX-8, NKX3.1, PSA, CEA, TTF-1, and NapsinA. Furthermore, a complete loss of INI-1 expression and consistent BRG1 expression were noted in all tumor cells. Next-generation sequencing revealed SMARCB1 deletion, low tumor mutation burden (TMB-L), and microsatellite stability (MSS).
Conclusion
We reported the first case of primary adenocarcinoma of the spermatic cord with SMARCB1 (INI-1) deficiency. This case contributes to the expanding understanding of rare neoplasms and underscores the importance of further research into therapeutic strategies targeting SMARCB1-deficient tumors.
Systems modelling and simulation to guide targeted investments to reduce youth suicide and mental health problems in a low-middle-income country
Authors: Ospina-Pinillos Laura , Skinner Adam , Sánchez-Nítola Mónica Natalí , Shambo-Rodríguez Débora L. , Navarro-Mancilla Alvaro Andrés , Camacho Salvador , Martin Adriane , Restrepo Jose Miguel Uribe , Gomez-Restrepo Carlos , Hickie Ian B , Occhipinti Jo-an 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Despite suicide's public health significance and global mental health awareness, current suicide prevention efforts show limited impact, posing a challenge for low and middle Income countries (LMICS). This study aimed to develop a dynamic simulation model that could be used to examine the potential effectiveness of alternative interventions for reducing youth mental health problems and suicidal behavior in Bogotá, Colombia.​
Methods
A system dynamics model was designed using a participatory approach involving three workshops conducted in 2021 and 2022. These workshops engaged 78 stakeholders from various health and social sectors to map key mental health outcomes and influential factors affecting them. A model was subsequently developed, tested, and presented to the participants for interactive feedback, guided by a moderator. Simulation analyses were conducted to compare projected mental health outcomes for a range of intervention scenarios with projections for a reference scenario corresponding to business-as-usual.
Results
A total of 6,670 suicide attempts and 347 suicides are projected among 7 − 17-year-olds from January 1, 2023, to early 2031 under the business-as-usual scenario. Mental health issues among 12-17-year-olds are projected to increase from 18·9% (2023) to 27·8% (2031), and substance use issues from 2·29% to 2·49% over the same period. School-based suicide prevention and gatekeeper training are the most effective strategies, reducing total numbers of suicide attempts and suicides by more than 20% (i.e., compared to business-as-usual). However, discontinuous funding significantly hinders these effective suicide prevention efforts.
Conclusion
Systems modeling is an important tool for understanding where best strategic financial and political investments lie for improving youth mental health in resource constrained settings.
Adult Medulloblastoma: Clinico-molecular Spectrum, An Institutional Experience
Authors: Adhvaryu Vishesha , Gurav Mamta , Deshpande Gauri , Rumde Rachna , Shetty Omshree , Sahay Ayushi , Sahu Arpita , Dasgupta Archya , Chatterji Abhishek , Gupta Tejpal , Shetty Prakash , Moiyadi Aliasgar , Epari Sridhar 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Medulloblastoma (MB) is uncommon and molecularly lesser known in adults than their pediatric counterparts.
Purpose: To describe the clinic-pathological and molecular characteristics of MB in adults. Methods: We reviewed the clinical, histopathological, and molecular features of 113 cases of MB in patients >18 years of age. Molecular grouping (WNT-activated, SHH-activated, non-WNT/non-SHH, group 3 & non-WNT/non-SHH, group 4) was done by gene expression profiling (GEP).
Results: Age range was 19-59 years. The most common histology was classic (51.3%), followed by desmoplastic/nodular (D/N) (23.9%), NOS (12.4%), paucinodular (7%), and large cell/anaplastic (LC/A) (5.4%). The most common molecular group was SHH-activated (64.8%), followed by WNT-activated (14.3%), non-WNT/non-SHH group 4 (9.9%), and group 3 (3.3%). All D/N cases were SHH; while LCA had SHH, WNT and group 3. p53-mutant pattern of immunopositivity was observed in 6.6% (3 – SHH; 1- WNT; 1- group 3). Within the SHH group, p53 mutant pattern was noted in 5 cases and one case was MYCN-amplified. Disease progression was observed in 40% of SHH cases. In WNT, both monosomy 6 and CTNNB1 mutation were seen in 3 and 3 cases each had an isolated alteration. Anaplastic histology and TP53 mutation did not affect survival of WNT.
Conclusion: SHH-MB is the most common group and group 3, though rare, is not non-existent in adults.