bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Periodontal status in oral mucous membrane pemphigoid: initial results of a case‐control study
Authors: Arduino PG , Farci V , D’Aiuto F , Carcieri P , Carbone M , Tanteri C , Gardino N , Gandolfo S , Carrozzo M , Broccoletti R 
Published: July 2010

Oral Diseases (2010) 17, 90–94Objective:  To evaluate the periodontal status of mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) patients and compare it with that of healthy controls.Methods:  A prospective study was undertaken to examine the impact of gingival MMP lesions on the human periodontium of 29 patients. Parameters evaluated included full mouth plaque score (FMPS), full mouth bleeding upon probing scores, probing depths (PD), gingival recession, clinical attachment level (CAL), mobility score, furcation involvement, number of missing teeth and Machtei criteria.Results:  All periodontal parameters recorded were increased in cases when compared to controls in univariate statistics. The mean differences between groups in PD (0.8 ± 0.2 mm, 95% CI 0.3–1.3), CAL (1.3 ± 0.4 mm, 95% CI 0.4–2.2), FMPS (41.0 ± 6.2%, 95% CI 28.7–53.4), FMBS (16.2 ± 6.6%, 95% CI 3.0–29.4) and tooth loss (2 ± 1 teeth, 95% CI 1–3) were all statistically significant (P < 0.01 for all). Substantial differences in domiciliary oral hygiene routines were observed (P < 0.0001). In multivariate models when FMPS was included as covariate the difference between groups in all clinical periodontal parameters was no longer statistically significant.Conclusions:  Our results showed that periodontal status is worse in MMP patients if compared with healthy controls due to a substantial difference in oral hygiene. Oral health should be promoted in MMP.
Comparative effects of various commercially available mouthrinse formulations on oral malodour
Authors: Saad S , Greenman J , Shaw H 
Published: July 2010

Oral Diseases (2011) 17, 180–186Objectives:  The primary aim of this study was to compare a new mouthwash (SB12®) containing 0.025% chlorhexidine and 0.3% zinc for oral malodour reduction against four commercially available mouthwashes and negative control. A secondary aim was to compare the two methods for measuring volatile sulphur compounds (VSC) by halimetry and OralChroma.Methods:  Organoleptic scale, halimeter and the OralChroma were used to assess oral malodour and VSC. The effects of five test formulations and water (negative control) were assessed after 30, 60, 90 and 180 min, with 1 week between the treatments to avoid any cross‐over effect.Results:  Reduction in H2S by halimetry and malodour levels by organoleptic assessment ranged from, slight (LacerFresh®) (P > 0.05), moderate (BreathRx®, SmartMouth®) (P < 0.01) to marked effects (SB12®, Listerine®) (P < 0.001) at all time points compared with water. The largest differences were observed at 30 min and decreased with time. SB12® showed separation from Listerine® at 180 min, using ANOVA plus Bonferroni’s Multiple Comparison post‐test (P < 0.05). Relationships between organoleptic, halimeter and OralChroma were between R2 = 0.795 and 0.926.Conclusion:  SB12 shows a consistent and reproducible inhibitory effect on oral malodour parameters, which in turn correlate well with each other.
THE BOOK SHELF
Authors: Hulbert E. Ronald 
Published: July 2010

PASSAGES: PREDICTABLE CRISES OF ADULT LIFE by Gail Sheehy A Journey Into the Forgotten Realm of Adult Personality Development Laura Guild M.A. Candidate* Wayne Neiman M.A. Candidate*DEALING WITH CRISIS: A GUIDE TO CRITICAL LIFE PROBLEMS by Lawrence G. Calhoun, James W. Selby & H. Elizabeth KingMODERN THERAPIES by Virginia Binder, Arnold Binder and Bernard Rimland
DIVORCE MEDIATION IN ISRAEL
Authors: Zaidel Susan 
Published: July 2010

ABSTRACTDivorce mediation, as it has evolved in North America, is a relatively new development in Israel. The Israeli socio‐legal and cultural context present several obstacles along the road to cooperative settlement of divorce conflicts. This article discusses the secular and religious dual court systems, the Jewish law requiring mutual agreement to divorce, and the impact of certain inequalities of the sexes. Mediation services in the public and private sectors are described.
Myostatin null mice respond differently to dietary‐induced and genetic obesity
Authors: DILGER Anna C. , SPURLOCK Michael E. , GRANT Alan L. , GERRARD David E. 
Published: July 2010

ABSTRACTOur objective was to determine sensitivity of myostatin null (MN) mice to obesity induction by dietary or genetic means. To induce dietary obesity, 3‐week‐old wild type (WT) and MN mice were fed diets with 60% calories (HF) or 10% calories from fat (LF) for 4 weeks. MN mice did gain body fat on the HF diet but to a lesser extent than WT mice. Body weight and fat content was similar in MN mice fed HF and LF diets. To induce genetic obesity, the MN mutation was incorporated into leptin db/db (DB) mice generating mice homozygous for each mutation (MNDB). Nine‐week‐old MNDB mice were obese, similar to DB mice. Body weight, body fat content, fat pad weight and adipocyte size were all increased in MNDB mice compared to MN and WT mice and were quite similar to DB mice. However, fasting blood glucose, an indicator of insulin resistance and diabetes, was reduced in MNDB mice compared to DB mice. These results indicate that MN mice gain less body fat than WT on a HF diet, but the MN mutation does not alter fat accumulation caused by DB mutation. Thus, MN mice are not always resistant to obesity development.
Lpe10p modulates the activity of the Mrs2p‐based yeast mitochondrial Mg2+channel
Authors: Sponder Gerhard , Svidova Sona , Schindl Rainer , Wieser Stefan , Schweyen Rudolf J. , Romanin Christoph , Froschauer Elisabeth M. , Weghuber Julian 
Published: July 2010

Saccharomyces cerevisiae Lpe10p is a homologue of the Mg2+‐channel‐forming protein Mrs2p in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Deletion of MRS2, LPE10 or both results in a petite phenotype, which exhibits a respiratory growth defect on nonfermentable carbon sources. Only coexpression of MRS2 and LPE10 leads to full complementation of the mrs2Δ/lpe10Δ double disruption, indicating that these two proteins cannot substitute for each other. Here, we show that deletion of LPE10 results in a loss of rapid Mg2+ influx into mitochondria, as has been reported for MRS2 deletion. Additionally, we found a considerable loss of the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ) in the absence of Lpe10p, which was not detected in mrs2Δ cells. Addition of the K+/H+‐exchanger nigericin, which artificially increases ΔΨ, led to restoration of Mg2+ influx into mitochondria in lpe10Δ cells, but not in mrs2Δ/lpe10Δ cells. Mutational analysis of Lpe10p and domain swaps between Mrs2p and Lpe10p suggested that the maintenance of ΔΨ and that of Mg2+ influx are functionally separated. Cross‐linking and Blue native PAGE experiments indicated interaction of Lpe10p with the Mrs2p‐containing channel complex. Using the patch clamp technique, we showed that Lpe10p was not able to mediate high‐capacity Mg2+ influx into mitochondrial inner membrane vesicles without the presence of Mrs2p. Instead, coexpression of Lpe10p and Mrs2p yielded a unique, reduced conductance in comparison to that of Mrs2p channels. In summary, the data presented show that the interplay of Lpe10p and Mrs2p is of central significance for the transport of Mg2+ into mitochondria of S. cerevisiae.Structured digital abstract
MINT‐7905005: LPE10 (uniprotkb:Q02783) physically interacts (MI:0915) with MRS2 (uniprotkb:Q01926) by anti tag coimmunoprecipitation (MI:0007)
MINT‐7905028: LPE10 (uniprotkb:Q02783) and LPE10 (uniprotkb:Q02783) covalently bind (MI:0195) by cross‐linking study (MI:0030)
MINT‐7905072: LPE10 (uniprotkb:Q02783) and MRS2 (uniprotkb:Q01926) covalently bind (MI:0195) by cross‐linking study (MI:0030)
Factors influencing medical oncology referral in Dukes' C colonic cancer
Authors: LU Cu‐Tai , STEPHENS Jacqueline H , RIEGER Nicholas A 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAim:  Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide and adjuvant chemotherapy is proven to improve survival in patients with Dukes' C CRC. The purpose of this study was to analyze factors influencing referral to medical oncology in patients with Dukes' C colonic cancer in our institutions.Methods:  Patients who underwent resection for Dukes' C colonic cancer were assessed for factors that influence the pattern of postoperative referral to the medical oncology department, including demographic and perioperative data.Results:  Overall, 466 patients were identified to have Dukes' C colonic cancer, with 53.9% of these being female. Referral to medical oncology occurred for 58.4% patients. Multivariable logistic regression modeling identified age, elective admission and resection in private hospitals as factors. The likelihood of medical oncology referral in patients who had elective resection was 63% versus 41% in those who had emergency resection and resection in private hospitals was 69% versus 50% in public hospitals.Conclusion:  Referral to a postoperative medical oncology clinic for adjuvant chemotherapy in Dukes' C colonic cancer was more likely in younger patients, those who underwent elective resection and those treated in private hospitals.
Study to support the standardization of the prescribing, dispensing and labeling of etoposide formulations in Australia
Authors: CARRINGTON Christine , WEIR Janet , DO Chau 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAim:  Etoposide is used in a wide variety of solid and hematological tumors. It is available in Australia in two intravenous formulations; etoposide base and the etoposide phosphate salt with 113.6 mg of etoposide phosphate being equivalent to 100 mg of the etoposide base. Variances between the etoposide dose prescribed and that actually given have been reported recently in Australia with patients receiving either too much or too little of the intended dose of etoposide. We carried out a review of national practices of prescribing, dispensing and labeling of etoposide and etoposide phosphate.Methods:  Cancer care clinicians and pharmacists, identified through their membership of the Clinical Oncological Society of Australia (COSA), were asked to complete an online survey or participate in a telephone interview, about their etoposide prescribing and dispensing practices.Results:  Nineteen pharmacists and 11 prescribers provided responses suitable for analysis. The most common reason for using the etoposide phosphate formulation was its shorter infusion time. The most common reason provided for preferring the base formulation over the phosphate formulation was that the original clinical trial data supported its use. There were a variety of methods identified that a prescriber might use to indicate the formulation of etoposide required and a variety of methods used for the labeling of etoposide formulations.Conclusion:  Prescribing, ordering and dispensing practices for etoposide base and etoposide phosphate are inconsistent across Australia, which could lead to dosing errors. We recommend that a national standard is adopted with etoposide phosphate preparations prescribed and labeled as “Etoposide (as the PHOSPHATE) x mg. Where x is the number of milligrams of etoposide base required.” This would move towards minimizing the risk of dosage errors occurring with these formulations.
Implementing Fischer Black's Simple Discounting Rule
Authors: Loderer Claudio , Long John B. , Roth Lukas 
Published: July 2010

Corporate managers typically estimate the value of capital projects by discounting the project's expected future net cash flows at the cost of capital. The capital asset pricing model (CAPM) is generally used to estimate that cost. But, as anyone who has worked on the finance or business development staff of a public company can attest, there are major challenges in applying the CAPM, including largely unresolved questions about what constitutes the “market portfolio,” how to estimate market risk premiums, and how to estimate the betas of projects.In a short article published in Financial Management in 1988, Fischer Black proposed a valuation “discounting rule” that avoids all these problems—one that involves discounting a relatively certain (as opposed to an expected or average) level of operating cash flows at the risk‐free rate. But Black's article does not address the question of how to calculate these “certainty equivalent” or “conditional” cash flows.In this article, the authors propose a way of implementing Black's rule that involves estimating the “conditional” cash flows in a three‐step procedure:

Find a benchmark security that correlates with the project's cash flows;
Estimate the percentiles of the distribution in which the benchmark return equals the risk‐free rate over different investment horizons;
Use information from corporate managers to assess the cash flows that define the same percentiles in the cash flow distributions.

As the authors point out, the virtue of Black's rule is that it shifts the focus of the analyst away from the assessment of discount factors and puts it squarely on the more challenging, and arguably more relevant, problem of estimating the project's cash flows.
Surge in the Urge to Merge: M&A Trends and Analysis
Authors: Mauboussin Michael J. 
Published: July 2010

If history is any guide, we may be at the front end of another mergers and acquisition (M&A) wave. M&A activity tends to follow the stock market with a modest lag. The strong rally in equities off the March 2009 lows, combined with improved credit conditions, solid nonfinancial corporate balance sheets, and the presence of companies seeking to enhance their strategic positions, all point to more deals.Notably, research shows that companies making acquisitions in the early part of the cycle deliver better returns to their shareholders, on average, than those that act toward the end of the cycle. This is largely because early in the cycle there are more companies to choose from and the targets are cheap. As the cycle matures, options dissolve and valuations rise.Despite the importance of M&A, many companies and investors do not have a firm grasp of how M&A deals create or destroy shareholder value. In fact, research shows that roughly two‐thirds of M&A transactions destroy shareholder value for the acquiring companies. Executives appear to miss the mark because they focus on accounting‐based measures instead of considering the extent to which the value of synergies can exceed the premium. This paper provides a sound approach to evaluating M&A deals based on expected returns on invested capital and economic value added.
Chloroform Infrared Multiphoton Dissociation in the Presence of O2 and NO2¶
Authors: Freytes V. Mariana , Codnia Jorge , Azcárate M. Laura 
Published: July 2010

ABSTRACTThe infrared multiphoton dissociation (IRMPD) of CDCl3 in the presence of O2 and NO2 as acceptor gases has been studied. We have worked with both pure CDCl3 and mixtures with CHCl3. The reaction mechanism following IRMPD of CDCl3 is discussed in detail. CCl2O, CCl4 and DCl were found to be the main products. With added O2, the observed CDCl3 dissociation was larger than with nonoxygenated acceptor gases. The reaction mechanism probably involves a catalytic cycle initiated by the oxidation of CCl3. With the aim of discriminating the different CDCl3 dissociation mechanisms, the IRMPD of CDCl3 in the presence of NO2 was first studied. In order to make evident the CDCl3 dissociation produced by the catalytic cycle, we then studied the IRMPD of CDCl3 in mixtures with CHCl3 with O2 as the acceptor gas. In this case, the dissociation mechanism subsequent to IRMPD is evidenced in the competence between the two isotopic species.
Effect and Mechanism of a New Photodynamic Therapy with Glycoconjugated Fullerene
Authors: Otake Eiko , Sakuma Shiho , Torii Kan , Maeda Akira , Ohi Hiromi , Yano Shigenobu , Morita Akimichi 
Published: July 2010

AbstractWhen irradiated, fullerene efficiently generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) and is an attractive photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy (PDT). Ideally, photosensitizers for PDT should be water‐soluble and tumor‐specific. Because cancer cells endocytose glucose more effectively than normal cells, the characteristics of fullerene as a photosensitizer were improved by combining it with glucose. The cytotoxicity of PDT was studied in several cancer cell lines cultured with C60‐(Glc)1 (d‐glucose residue pendant fullerene) and C60‐(6Glc)1 (a maltohexaose residue pendant fullerene) subsequently irradiated with UVA1. PDT alone induced significant cytotoxicity. In contrast, PDT with the glycoconjugated fullerene exhibited no significant cytotoxicity against normal fibroblasts, indicating that PDT with these compounds targeted cancer cells. To investigate whether the effects of PDT with glycoconjugated fullerene were because of the generation of singlet oxygen (1O2), NaN3 was added to cancer cells during irradiation. NaN3 extensively blocked PDT‐induced apoptosis, suggesting that PDT‐induced cell death was a result of the generation of 1O2. Finally, to investigate the effect of PDT in vivo, melanoma‐bearing mice were injected intratumorally with C60‐(Glc)1 and irradiated with UVA1. PDT with C60‐(Glc)1 suppressed tumor growth. These findings indicate that PDT with glycoconjugated fullerene exhibits tumor‐specific cytotoxicity both in vivo and in vitro via the induction of 1O2.
Early Biomarkers of Renal Injury
Authors: Cruz Dinna N. , Goh Ching Yan , Haase‐Fielitz Anja , Ronco Claudio , Haase Michael 
Published: July 2010

Congest Heart Fail. 2010;16(4)(suppl 1):S25–S31. ©2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) refers to pathophysiologic interaction of the heart and kidney and is associated with acute kidney injury (AKI) and high mortality. Cardiac surgery or acute decompensated heart failure and radiocontrast‐induced nephropathy are common clinical scenarios of CRS. Unfortunately, established functional biomarkers of glomerular filtration rate such as serum creatinine, urea, and diuresis delay AKI diagnosis by 24 to 48 hours. Novel renal biomarkers indicating tubular injury are emerging and may have wide implications. This review focuses on several novel renal biomarkers with the most promising biologic characteristics and clinical evidence for their AKI predictive ability: neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin, kidney injury molecule‐1, interleukin 18, and fatty acid–binding proteins. The value of each biomarker is reviewed on currently available clinical data in typical settings of CRS. These markers might extend the therapeutic window during which timely and individualized patient management might be possible.
Diuretic Management in Heart Failure
Authors: Michael Felker G. 
Published: July 2010

Congest Heart Fail. 2010;16(4)(suppl 1):S68–S72. ©2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Many of the primary clinical manifestations of heart failure are due to fluid retention and congestion, and therefore treatments targeting congestion play a central role in heart failure management. Diuretic therapy remains the cornerstone of congestion treatment, and diuretics are prescribed to the majority of heart failure patients. Despite this ubiquitous use, there is limited evidence from prospective randomized studies to guide the use of diuretics. Some observational data have suggested that diuretics may actually be harmful in heart failure, potentially contributing to worsening renal function, neurohormonal activation, and even heart failure progression. Recent clinical trial data have provided new insights into the balance of risks and benefits from diuretics. This review describes the mechanism of action of available diuretic classes, reviews their clinical use based on current guidelines, and briefly discusses evolving alternatives to diuretic therapy in the management of congestion in heart failure patients.
Industrial conflict in post‐war Ontario or one cheer for the Woods Report*
Authors: SMITH MICHAEL R. 
Published: July 2010

Le rapport Woods sur les Relations de Travail au Canada proposaient certaines conclusions quant aux changements qui marquerent les rapports patronat ‐ travailleurs au cours des années soixante, Les auteurs du rapport soutiennent que les aspirations des travailleurs se sont modifiées, tant au niveau qualitatif que quantitatif, et ces changements expli‐queraient, en partie du moins, L'agitation ouvrière et le militantisme accru de cette période. Cette position fut critiquée par Douglas Smith (1972,1976). Dans les pages qui suivent, les facteurs déterminants des conflits de travail en Ontario durant la période de L'apres guerre sont analysés. Jen' conclus que bien que certaines affirmations du rapport prê‐tent le flanc á de sérieuses critiques, il nen' demeure pas moins que L'interprétation offerte par les auteurs du rapport repose sur une compréhension de facteurs bien réels.The Woods Report on Canadian Industrial Relations made a number of claims concerning significant changes in the character of the relations between employers and employees during the mid‐1960s. The authors of the report claimed that workers' aspirations were changing both qualitatively and quantitatively in a way which created substantial industrial unrest. This position has been criticised by Douglas Smith (1972, 1976). Through a close examination of the pattern of determinants of industrial conflict in postwar Ontario, this paper shows that though some of the claims made in the Woods Report are indefensible, there was at least an important element of truth in the interpreta‐tion of the authors of that Report.
Social resistance and the exploited poor in the low‐income marketplace: The case of debt collection in two Montreal communities*
Authors: MCMULLAN JOHN L. 
Published: July 2010

Ce texte traite des mesures de résistance courantes chez les consommateurs à faible revenu. Les résultats font croire que les débiteurs se trouvent souvent en conflit ouvert et actif vis‐à‐vis les représentants des entreprises de consommation. Les regrets, la réserve, l'adaptation ‐ ce ne sont là qu'un certain genre de réaction de la part de quelques‐uns. L'évidence recueillie au cours d'interviews avec des membres de regroupements de citoyens et de consommateurs à faible revenu, suggère fortement que des réactions très différentes, telles que le refus de se laisser dominer, le déjouement des plans des grosses compagnies, la contestation, la lutte politique, etc., sont les méthodes courantes de résistance envers les agences de recouvrement. Une typologie de résistance créancière a été développée et les implications plus vastes du malaise social dans les communautés à faible revenu sont analysées.This paper is concerned with the debt resistance practices of low‐income consumers. The findings suggest that debtors are often in active and antagonistic relationships with consumer control agents. Self‐blame, withdrawal, and adaptation are some of the responses of the morally defeated. But evidence from citizen's groups and low‐income consumers interviewed strongly suggest that refusing, upstaging, outmanoeuvering, subverting, striking back, and political struggle are common methods of resisting debt enforcement. A typology of debt resistance is developed, and the wider implications for social unrest in low‐income communities are assessed.