bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Locus of Persecution Reconsidered: Risk of Re-Trafficking, Cumulative Harm, and Failure of State Protection
Authors: Grundler Maja 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Persecution, a core concept of the 1951 Refugee Convention’s definition of ‘refugee’, is generally thought to entail both serious harm and a failure of State protection. The predominant view in refugee law is that the harm a refugee fears will take place within their country of origin. Yet, trafficked persons who fear (transnational) re-trafficking experience harm mainly outside the country of origin. As such, their asylum claims raise difficult doctrinal issues, in particular regarding how the State of origin can be expected to protect against harm taking place outside its territory. This article seeks to answer this question by examining trafficking-based asylum claims from the United Kingdom and Germany and the relationship between future risk, harm, and State protection. It argues that to understand effective State protection against re-trafficking, it is necessary to pay attention to the individual types of harm experienced in the trafficking context and to their sequence. This allows an understanding of persecution as cumulative, with the State of origin’s failure to protect against harm experienced in its territory resulting in additional harm experienced outside the country. This understanding of persecution resolves the doctrinal issues raised by trafficking-based asylum claims and has wider implications for individuals who experience harm in the context of irregular migration.
Invariant Integrals on Coideals and Their Drinfeld Doubles
Authors: De Commer Kenny , Dzokou Talla Joel Right 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Let $A$ be a CQG Hopf *-algebra, that is, a Hopf *-algebra with a positive invariant state. Given a unital right coideal *-subalgebra $B$ of $A$, we provide conditions for the existence of a relatively invariant integral on the stabilizer coideal $B^{\perp }$ inside the dual discrete multiplier Hopf *-algebra of $A$. Given such a relatively invariant integral, we show how it can be extended to a relatively invariant integral on the Drinfeld double coideal. We moreover show that the representation category of the Drinfeld double coideal has a monoidal structure. As an application, we determine the relatively invariant integral for the Drinfeld double coideal *-algebra ${\mathcal{U}}_{q}(\mathfrak{s}\mathfrak{l}(2,{\mathbb{R}}))$ constructed from the Podleś spheres.
Warming effects on grassland soil microbial communities are amplified in cool months
Authors: Lei Jiesi , Su Yuanlong , Jian Siyang , Guo Xue , Yuan Mengting , Bates Colin T , Shi Zhou Jason , Li Jiabao , Su Yifan , Ning Daliang , Wu Liyou , Zhou Jizhong , Yang Yunfeng 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Global warming modulates soil respiration (RS) via microbial decomposition, which is seasonally dependent. Yet, the magnitude and direction of this modulation remain unclear, partly owing to the lack of knowledge on how microorganisms respond to seasonal changes. Here, we investigated the temporal dynamics of soil microbial communities over 12 consecutive months under experimental warming in a tallgrass prairie ecosystem. The interplay between warming and time altered (P &lt; 0.05) the taxonomic and functional compositions of microbial communities. During the cool months (January to February and October to December), warming induced a soil microbiome with a higher genomic potential for carbon decomposition, community-level ribosomal RNA operon (rrn) copy numbers, and microbial metabolic quotients, suggesting that warming stimulated fast-growing microorganisms that enhanced carbon decomposition. Modeling analyses further showed that warming reduced the temperature sensitivity of microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) by 28.7% when monthly average temperature was low, resulting in lower microbial CUE and higher heterotrophic respiration (Rh) potentials. Structural equation modeling showed that warming modulated both Rh and RS directly by altering soil temperature and indirectly by influencing microbial community traits, soil moisture, nitrate content, soil pH, and gross primary productivity. The modulation of Rh by warming was more pronounced in cooler months compared to warmer ones. Together, our findings reveal distinct warming-induced effects on microbial functional traits in cool months, challenging the norm of soil sampling only in the peak growing season, and advancing our mechanistic understanding of the seasonal pattern of RS and Rh sensitivity to warming.
From Second-Hand to Third-Hand: Reuse and Resale Cycle
Authors: Huang Feifei , Wong Vincent Chi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The promotion of reuse and resale has been receiving extensive attention worldwide for the sake of sustainability. The current research provides insights into this area and identifies a “reuse and resale cycle,” whereby consumers are more willing to resell products they originally obtained second hand, compared to products they obtained brand new. One potential mechanism that accounts for this effect is the relatively weak connection consumers form with the second-hand items they own. Six studies confirmed this effect across various product categories. Study 1 tracked consumers’ actual resale of the possessions they owned in real life. Subsequent studies provided further empirical evidence for the proposed effect, uncovered the underlying mechanism concerning the strength of the connection with the product, and showed that the effect diminished among consumers who chronically have a high tendency to link themselves with their possessions. This research advances the understanding of resale behaviors. It has implications for consumers to avoid retaining excessive possessions and for the second-hand market to develop in a healthy manner, eventually contributing to society’s sustainability in the long run.
Proactive resistance management for sustaining the efficacy of RNA interference for pest control
Authors: Gao Yulin , Alyokhin Andrei , Zhang Runzhi , Smagghe Guy , Palli Subba Reddy , Jurat-Fuentes Juan Luis , Tabashnik Bruce E 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Biopesticides based on RNA interference (RNAi) took a major step forward with the first registration of a sprayable RNAi product, which targets the world’s most damaging potato pest. Proactive resistance management is needed to delay the evolution of resistance by pests and sustain the efficacy of RNAi biopesticides.
Enantiomeric composition of α-pinene affects catches of bark and wood boring beetles, and associated species, in ethanol-baited multiple-funnel traps
Authors: Miller Daniel R , Mayfield Albert E , Poland Therese M 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In 2009, we determined the effects of the enantiomeric composition of the kairomone, α-pinene, on trap catches of arboreal beetles (Coleoptera) in stands of eastern pine trees with resin dominated by (+)-α-pinene. We hypothesized that the responses of beetles would correlate with the predominant enantiomer of α-pinene found in host pines. Lures of (+)-, racemic (±), and (−)-α-pinene were added separately to ethanol-baited multiple-funnel traps. Species such as Monarthrum mali (Fitch), Dendroctonus terebrans (Olivier), Ips grandicollis (Eichhoff), and Pachylobius picivorus (Germar) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) showed a preference for traps co-baited with (–)-α-pinene. α-Pinene enhanced attraction of Hylastes salebrosus Eichhoff, Hylastes porculus Erickson and Hylastes tenuis Eichhoff (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) to ethanol-baited traps with no effects from enantiomeric composition of α-pinene. The attraction of the ambrosia beetles, Xyleborinus saxesenii (Ratzeburg) and Dryoxylon onoharaense (Murayama) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) to ethanol-baited traps was interrupted by the addition of α-pinene, regardless of enantiomeric composition. Species such as Xylosandrus germanus (Blandford), Cnestus mutilatus (Blandford) and Stenoscelis brevis (Boheman) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) were unaffected by the presence of α-pinene. Trap catches of some species of longhorn beetles and bark beetle predators (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae, Cleridae, Elateridae, Histeridae, and Trogossitidae) were increased by the addition of α-pinene, although results varied by location. Platysoma spp. (Coleoptera: Histeridae) showed a marked preference for traps co-baited with (+)-α-pinene in Florida and Georgia. In summary, we found that the enantiomeric composition of α-pinene in hosts was not a good predictor of enantiomeric preferences by beetles.
Monitoring the susceptibility of Bemisia tabaci Middle East-Asia Minor 1 (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) to afidopyropen, cyantraniliprole, dinotefuran, and flupyradifurone in south Florida vegetable fields
Authors: Dimase Marcelo , Rossitto De Marchi Bruno , Barreto da Silva Felipe , Lahiri Sriyanka , Beuzelin Julien , Hutton Sam , Smith Hugh Adam 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Bemisia tabaci Middle East-Asia Minor 1 (MEAM1) is a significant pest that damages a wide range of high-value vegetable crops in south Florida. This pest has demonstrated the ability to develop resistance to various insecticide groups worldwide. Monitoring the resistance levels of MEAM1 populations and maintaining baseline susceptibility data are crucial for the long-term effectiveness of insecticide management strategies. We conducted serial dilution bioassays on 15 field populations of MEAM1 collected in south Florida to assess their resistance to 4 key insecticides: afidopyropen, cyantraniliprole, dinotefuran, and flupyradifurone. To quantify resistance levels, resistance ratios (RR) were generated by comparing the LC50 values of field populations to those of a known susceptible MEAM1 colony reared in the laboratory. Our findings reveal that all field-collected populations were susceptible to dinotefuran (RR 1–8) and flupyradifurone (RR 2–8). While over 80% of the populations tested were susceptible to afidopyropen (RR 1–9), 2 populations exhibited low (RR 38) and moderate resistance (RR 51), respectively. In contrast, most of the populations (57%) showed low to moderate resistance to cyantraniliprole (RR 21–78), and the remaining populations were susceptible (RR 3–10). The 2 populations with resistance to afidopyropen also exhibited moderate resistance to cyantraniliprole. Further research in this direction can aid in refining insecticide resistance management programs in Florida and other regions where B. tabaci MEAM1 is a major pest. Exploring the implications of these findings will be essential for insecticide use and integrated pest management strategies in south Florida.
From simple to complex: a sequential method for enhancing time series forecasting with deep learning
Authors: Jiménez-Navarro M J , Martínez-Ballesteros M , Martínez-Álvarez F , Troncoso A , Asencio-Cortés G 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Time series forecasting is a well-known deep learning application field in which previous data are used to predict the future behavior of the series. Recently, several deep learning approaches have been proposed in which several nonlinear functions are applied to the input to obtain the output. In this paper, we introduce a novel method to improve the performance of deep learning models in time series forecasting. This method divides the model into hierarchies or levels from simpler to more complex ones. Simpler levels handle smoothed versions of the input, whereas the most complex level processes the original time series. This method follows the human learning process where general/simpler tasks are performed first, and afterward, more precise/harder ones are accomplished. Our proposed methodology has been applied to the LSTM architecture, showing remarkable performance in various time series. In addition, a comparison is reported including a standard LSTM and novel methods such as DeepAR, Temporal Fusion Transformer, NBEATS and Echo State Network.
Predicting insurance claims through a variety of data mining techniques: facing lots of missing values and moderate class-imbalanced levels
Authors: Santana-Morales Paola , Tallón-Ballesteros Antonio J 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This paper copes with a real-world classification problem related to the management of claims received in an insurance company. The way to obtain the classifier is not easy due to the high amount of missing values as well as the inherent imbalanced scenario within class labels. Once the data partition has been done, the training set is submitted to an intensive double grid search in order to obtain the most promising type of missing value imputation approach and then a step ahead is done using the best method and it starts the next round of data mining strategies which now falls into data rebalancing umbrella. Again, a grid search from an undersampling and oversampling family with different settings is done taking into account only seen data. The training data obtained after the first grid search are now submitted to the second step according the second grid search in order to get the ready training set for the further classifier training. The main objective of the work is to find the best combination of data mining techniques that suits the data set with a pipeline containing two types of data preparation methods coming from different families. As an outcome, first the problem of the presence of missing values has been addressed and then the data rebalancing techniques has been applied. The study focuses on obtaining classifiers based on Bayesian and lazy approaches as well as decision trees, evaluated on metrics such as the area under the ROC curve (AUC), Cohen’s kappa, Accuracy and the F-measure, among others. The imputation by the mean the mode is preferable to the Expectation Maximization Imputation in the scenario faced in this paper taking into account that the amount of missing values is higher than a forty percent for many features.
Functional regulation of testosterone underlying state transition in seasonal spermatogenesis of Plateau Pika (Ochotona curzoniae)
Authors: Wang Yujun , Duo Hairui , Li Shuang , Zhang Xiaoqian , Tao Haiping , Fang Yougui , Jia Gongxue , Yang Qien 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Seasonal reproduction is an adaptive strategy that benefits the survival and growth of offspring. However, the regulatory mechanisms affecting spermatogenesis in male seasonal breeders are not well understood. We examined the actions of testosterone on seasonal spermatogenesis of Plateau Pika (Ochotona curzoniae), a typical long-day breeder living on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau. The annual dynamics of germ cell development and steroid hormone synthesis were confirmed and were consistent with testicular morphology. Furthermore, a testosterone regulation experiment showed that elevated testosterone stimulated proliferation of spermatogonia and regeneration of advanced spermatogenic cells in reproductively dormant pika, while testosterone suppression induced cell apoptosis both in reproductively active and dormant pikas. Transcriptomic analyses indicated that testosterone-regulated genes related to spermatogonial fate determination by binding to androgen receptors and inducing the production of retinoic acid, which was responsible for the initiation of spermatogonial differentiation. We show that testosterone orchestrates downstream signaling pathways to balance spermatogonial self-renewal and development. These findings provide a new perspective on seasonal regulation of mammalian spermatogenesis.
Annexation Attempts as a Two-Level Game: Israel and the West Bank in 1967 and 2020
Authors: Pinfold Rob Geist , Eiran Ehud 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Annexation attempts threaten international security and the rules-based world order. Yet, studies of annexation are rare, whilst the scant relevant literature is great-power centric. This article therefore asks why some non-great power annexations succeed, whereas others do not. Applying Putnam's two-level game framework, it analyses an occupier's: (1) domestic politics; (2) international relations; and (3) interactions between these two levels of analysis. It applies this framework to Israeli policy in two specific cases: partial annexation, where Israel annexed East Jerusalem but not the entire West Bank (1967); and Israel's comprehensive but aborted West Bank annexation (2020). This article finds that when the policy would yield maximum domestic returns and minimal global opprobrium, Israel's leaders enacted annexation. They refrained from doing so when this synchronization was absent. These findings illustrate the utility of the two-level game framework for explaining non-great powers’ decision-making and their territorial policies in particular.
Unusual massive venous hemorrhage after pancreatoduodenectomy treated by endovascular approach
Authors: Alfaifi Jaber , Buisset Cyrille , Postillon Agathe , Orry Xavier , Chanty Hervé , Germain Adeline , Ayav Ahmet 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Most post-pancreaticoduodenectomy hemorrhages (PPH) are of arterial origin, and some studies have suggested that an interventional radiology approach is most effective in reducing mortality. Venous PPH is rare, and identifying its source can be challenging. We report a case of late venous PPH in the context of a pancreatic fistula following pancreaticoduodenectomy. During surgical exploration, the area of ​​potential bleeding was inaccessible due to major inflammatory adhesions aggravated by the presence of pancreatic fistula and the delay of relaparotomy. No intra-abdominal bleeding was detected on imaging studies or during abdominal exploration; only a massive bleeding through the drain orifice, which required packing, was observed. Percutaneous transhepatic portography was performed to localize and treat the origin of the bleeding. The hemorrhage was successfully treated by endovascular approach. We found no reports in the literature on the use of interventional radiology with venous stenting to treat venous PPH, except in cases of gastrointestinal variceal hemorrhage due to portal occlusion.
Traditional Meiyu–Baiu has been suspended by global warming
Authors: Yin Zhicong , Song Xiaolei , Zhou Botao , Jiang Wenhao , Chen Huopo , Wang Huijun 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
More than 1000 years, the Meiyu–Baiu have shaped the uniqueness of natural resources, civilization and culture in the Yangtze River Basin of China and the main islands of Japan. In recent decades, frequent rainstorms and droughts have seemingly diminished the misty features of traditional Meiyu–Baiu rainfall. However, there is still no consensus on whether their traditional nature is suspended. In this study, we quantitatively demonstrate that the Meiyu–Baiu almost completely lost their traditional features during 1961–2023, ∼80% of which can be attributed to anthropogenic warming. Furthermore, in a warmer future, the traditional Meiyu–Baiu will be more unlikely to appear. This study underscores the urgency in adapting to climate shift because destructive extremes are measurably taking the place of mild and maternal rains.
The Contemporary Landscape of Narrations and Jurisprudence: The Legal Imagination and Nomos and Narrative half a century later
Authors: Bobrowicz Ryszard 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In 1973, James Boyd White published The Legal Imagination, broadly credited with the foundation of a new discipline, law and literature, which underlined the importance of narratives in legal thinking and practice. A decade later, in an introduction to the review of the 1982 SCOTUS term, Robert Cover identified the need for further discussion regarding the close connection between norms and narratives. ‘Nomos and Narrative’ set a precedent by launching a more in-depth investigation into the role of stories as the foundation of normativity and its participation in dealing with competing normative claims. Since then, various strands of jurisprudence have struggled with the view of law as a set of interpretive commitments. By taking a closer look at both, this article reflects on the relevance and significance of these texts half a century later. As the article argues, despite a significant following among the scholars, the arguments posed by White and Cover did not find broad implementation in the juridico-political systems around the world. On the contrary, the opposite tendencies seem to dominate today. Thus, the article reflects on the contemporary relevance of both texts in critical, constructive, and explorative terms.
REDUCED CHLOROPLAST COVERAGE proteins are required for plastid proliferation and carotenoid accumulation in tomato
Authors: Hu Qun , Zhang Hui , Song Yuman , Song Lijuan , Zhu Lingling , Kuang Hanhui , Larkin Robert M 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Increasing the amount of cellular space allocated to plastids will lead to increases in the quality and yield of crop plants. However, mechanisms that allocate cellular space to plastids remain poorly understood. To test whether the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) REDUCED CHLOROPLAST COVERAGE (SlREC) gene products serve as central components of the mechanism that allocates cellular space to plastids and contribute to the quality of tomato fruit, we knocked out the 4-member SlREC gene family. We found that slrec mutants accumulated lower levels of chlorophyll in leaves and fruits, accumulated lower levels of carotenoids in flowers and fruits, allocated less cellular space to plastids in leaf mesophyll and fruit pericarp cells, and developed abnormal plastids in flowers and fruits. Fruits produced by slrec mutants initiated ripening later than wild type and produced abnormal levels of ethylene and abscisic acid (ABA). Metabolome and transcriptome analyses of slrec mutant fruits indicated that the SlREC gene products markedly influence plastid-related gene expression, primary and specialized metabolism, and the response to biotic stress. Our findings and previous work with distinct species indicate that REC proteins help allocate cellular space to plastids in diverse species and cell types and, thus, play a central role in allocating cellular space to plastids. Moreover, the SlREC proteins are required for the high-level accumulation of chlorophyll and carotenoids in diverse organs, including fruits, promote the development of plastids and influence fruit ripening by acting both upstream and downstream of ABA biosynthesis in a complex network.
Nonstationary SQM/IST Correspondence and ${\cal CPT/PT}$-Invariant Paired Hamiltonians on the Line
Authors: Berezovoj V P , Nurmagambetov A J 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We fill some of the existing gaps in the correspondence between supersymmetric quantum mechanics and the inverse scattering transform by extending the consideration to the case of paired stationary and nonstationary Hamiltonians. We formulate the Goursat problem corresponding to the case and explicitly construct the kernel of the nonlocal inverse scattering transform, which solves it. As a result, we find a way of constructing non-Hermitian Hamiltonians from the initially Hermitian ones that leads, in the case of real-valued spectra of both potentials, to pairing of ${\cal CPT/PT}$-invariant Hamiltonians. The relevance of our proposal to quantum optics and optical waveguide technology, as well as to nonlinear dynamics and black hole physics, is briefly discussed.