bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dopamine receptor agonist cabergoline promotes immunogenic phenotype in human monocyte‐derived dendritic cells
Authors: Naseri Bahar , Masoumi Javad , Abdolzadeh Samin , Abedimanesh Saba , Baghbani Elham , Hatami‐Sadr Amirhossein , Heris Javad Ahmadian , Shanehbandi Dariush , Akbari Morteza , Vaysi Somayeh , Alizadeh Nazila , Baradaran Behzad 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDendritic cells (DCs) are known as antigen‐presenting cells that are capable of regulating immune responses. DCs and T cells can interact mutually to induce antigen‐specific T‐cell responses. Cabergoline, which is a dopamine (DA) receptor agonist, seems to implement anti‐inflammatory properties in the immune system, and therefore in the present study the impact of a DA receptor agonist cabergoline on the monocyte‐derived DCs (moDCs) was assessed. Immature moDCs were treated with lipopolysaccharide to produce mature DCs (mDCs). The expression of DCs' related surface markers namely: CD11c, HLA‐DR, and CD86 was measured by utilizing of flow cytometry. Real‐time PCR was the technique of choice to determine the levels at which diverse inflammatory and anti‐inflammatory factors in cabergoline‐treated and control mDC groups were expressed. DCs treated with cabergoline displayed a significant decrease in CD86 and HLA‐DR expression, markers linked to maturation and antigen presentation, respectively. In addition, the cabergoline‐mDC group showed a considerable decline in terms of the levels at which IL‐10, TGF‐β, and IDO genes were expressed, and an increase in the expression of TNF‐α and IL‐12 in comparison to the mDC control group. Our findings revealed that cabergoline as an immunomodulatory agent can relatively shift DCs into an immunogenic state, and there is a requirement for further investigations to evaluate the effects of cabergoline‐treated DCs on the T cell responses in vitro, and also in various diseases including cancer in animal models.
Meta‐analysis of the prevalence of attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder in prison: A comment on Fazel and Favril (2024) and reanalysis of the data
Authors: Baggio Stéphanie , Efthimiou Orestis 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundFazel and Favril presented a reanalysis of our previously published systematic review and meta‐analysis on the prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in prison.AimsThe current paper addresses some of the criticisms of Fazel and Favril on our meta‐analysis and presents a reanalysis of the data, focusing on adult detained persons.MethodsWe conducted a meta—regression on 28 studies (n = 7710) to estimae the pooled prevalence of ADHD.ResultsThis reanalysis yielded a pooled estimate of 22.2% for the prevalence of ADHD (95% confidence interval [CI]: 15.7; 28.6), which disagrees with the estimate given by Fazel and Favril (8.3%, 95% CI: 3.8; 12.8).ConclusionWe argue that the ADHD prevalence provided by Fazel and Favril was an underestimate due to their use of too restrictive exclusion criteria and suboptimal analysis methods. Our reanalysis on detained adults suggests a higher ADHD prevalence, which highlights the need to diagnose and treat ADHD in prison.
Broadening the Substrate Scope of a Polyphosphate Kinase for Canonical and Non‐Canonical Nucleotides
Authors: Querengässer Toni , Wenzlaff Jessica , Loderer Christoph 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPolyphosphate kinases (PPKs) are valuable biocatalysts for ATP cofactor regeneration as well as for the phosphorylation of non‐canonical nucleotides. The versatility of PPKs in the latter application is defined by their substrate scope. In this study, we investigate the substrate spectrum of the PPK2‐III enzyme from Meiothermus ruber (MrPPK) for the conversion of canonical and non‐canonical (deoxy)‐ribonucleotides. The enzyme shows high substrate promiscuity for purine and to minor degree pyrimidine substrates, with an overall preference for the native substrate AMP. With structure guided rational amino acid exchanges in the active site, we produced an MrPPK variant with improved activity for a broad variety of purine nucleotides. While the preference for AMP is lost, conversion of nucleotides without a 6‐amino function at the purine moiety is increased. This MrPPK variant is a versatile biocatalyst for the synthesis of non‐canonical nucleotides and could also be useful as a GTP cofactor regeneration system.
Spirituality in marriage, couple, and family counseling programs
Authors: Roach Leila , Sierra Jose Javier 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAn increased emphasis on the importance of including spirituality and religion in counseling places systemic family therapists in a unique position due to their relational focus. However, research indicates a lack of graduate training to ensure competence in addressing this dimension. This article offers possibilities for integrating spiritual and religious issues into existing marriage, couple, and family graduate courses.
Supramolecular Hydrogels for 3D Biosensors and Bioassays
Authors: Gagni Paola , Lodigiani Giulia , Frigerio Roberto , Cretich Marina , Gori Alessandro , Bergamaschi Greta 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSupramolecular hydrogels play a pivotal role in many fields of biomedical research, including emerging applications in designing advanced tools for point‐of‐care testing, clinical diagnostics, and lab‐on‐chip analysis. This review outlines the growing relevance of supramolecular hydrogels in biosensing and bioassay devices, highlighting recent advancements that deliver increased sensitivity, real‐time monitoring, and multiplexing capabilities through the distinctive properties of these nanomaterials. Furthermore, the exploration extends to additional applications, such as using hydrogels as three‐dimensional matrices for cell‐based assays.
Selective Electrochemical Oxygen Reduction to Hydrogen Peroxide by Confinement of Cobalt Porphyrins in a Metal‐Organic Framework
Authors: Rademaker Dana , Tanase Stefania , Kang Hongrui , Hofmann Jan P. , Hetterscheid Dennis G. H. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSustainable alternatives for the energy intensive synthesis of H2O2 are necessary. Molecular cobalt catalysts show potential but are typically restricted by undesired bimolecular pathways leading to the breakdown of both H2O2 and the catalyst. The confinement of cobalt porphyrins in the PCN‐224 metal‐organic framework leads to an enhanced selectivity towards H2O2 and stability of the catalyst. Consequently, oxygen can now be selectively reduced to hydrogen peroxide with a stable conversion for at least 5 h, illustrating the potential of catalysts confined in MOFs to increase the selectivity and stability of electrocatalytic conversions.
PROTOCOL: Effectiveness of behavioral interventions for smoking cessation among homeless persons: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Dai Runjing , Feng Tiantian , Ma Xiaoting , Cao Juan , Yang Kehu , Fan Jingchun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis is the protocol for an updated Campbell systematic review. The objectives are as follows: To evaluate the effect of behavioral interventions on smoking cessation among homeless individuals.
Diarylformamides as a Safe Reservoir and Room Temperature Source of Ultra‐Pure CO in the Context of a ‘Green’ rWGS Reaction
Authors: Hurtado Royel , Lou Lisha , Klerner Lukas , Inaloo Iman Dindarloo , Heineman Frank W. , Harder Sjoerd , Schmid Günter , Dorta Romano 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDiphenylformamide 1 and bisformamide 9 are shown to be safe reservoirs and sources of CO. Their perfectly selective decarbonylations are achieved in solution at room temperature with potassium and cesium diarylamide catalysts. 1 is obtained in excellent yields directly from triethylammonium formate, which may be the product of CO2 scrubbing with NEt3 and catalytic hydrogenation. 1 thus represents a key intermediate in a low‐temperature rWGS reaction sequence. Moreover, solvent‐free decarbonylations of 1 may be run either in the melt at 70 °C or with 9 even in the solid state at 88 °C with improved atom economy. These simple and practical transition‐metal‐free decarbonylations afford ultra‐pure (i. e. dry and solvent‐free) CO at moderate temperatures and the diarylamines byproducts are recycled as pure compounds. In the absence of catalysts, diarylformamides 1 and 9 are long‐term stable at >200 °C. DFT‐calculations indicate a reaction pathway with a rate‐determining deprotonation of Ph2NC(O)H and barrier‐free CO elimination from Ph2NC(O)−.
Advancing Lignocellulosic Biomass Fractionation through Molten Salt Hydrates: Catalyst‐Enhanced Pretreatment for Sustainable Biorefineries
Authors: Freitas Paiva Mateus , Sadula Sunitha , Vlachos Dionisios G. , Wojcieszak Robert , Vanhove Guillaume , Bellot Noronha Fábio 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDeveloping a process that performs the lignocellulosic biomass fractionation under milder conditions simultaneously with the depolymerization and/or the upgrading of all fractions is fundamental for the economic viability of future lignin‐first biorefineries. The molten salt hydrates (MSH) with homogeneous or heterogeneous catalysts are a potential alternative to biomass pretreatment that promotes cellulose‘s dissolution and its conversion to different platform molecules while keeping the lignin reactivity. This review investigates the fractionation of lignocellulosic biomass using MSH to produce chemicals and fuels. First, the MSH properties and applications are discussed. In particular, the use of MSH in cellulose dissolution and hydrolysis for producing high‐value chemicals and fuels is presented. Then, the biomass treatment with MSH is discussed. Different strategies for preventing sugar degradation, such as biphasic media, adsorbents, and precipitation, are contrasted. The potential for valorizing isolated lignin from the pretreatment with MSH is debated. Finally, challenges and limitations in utilizing MSH for biomass valorization are discussed, and future developments are presented.
Elevated memory T‐cell conversion in a preclinical mouse model of hemophilia A
Authors: Kalandadze Vakhtang , Di Simone Paolo E , Mohammed Imtiyazuddin , Murari Daniele , Follenzi Antonia , Borsotti Chiara 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOne of the major challenges in the choice of the best therapeutic approach for the treatment of patients affected by hemophilia A (HA) is the definition of criteria predicting the formation of factor VIII (FVIII) neutralizing antibodies, called inhibitors. Both genetic and environmental elements influencing the immune response toward FVIII have been identified but still not all the factors causing the pathological rejection of FVIII have been identified. Since there is a connection between coagulation and inflammation, here we assessed the role played by the FVIII deficiency in shaping the humoral and cellular response toward an antigen other than FVIII itself. To this aim, we challenged both HA and wild‐type (WT) mice with either FVIII or ovalbumin (OVA) and followed antigen‐specific antibody level, immune cell population frequency and phenotype up to 9 weeks after the last antigen booster. The activation threshold was evaluated in vitro by stimulating the murine T cells with a decreasing dose of α‐CD3. The humoral response to FVIII was similar between the two groups while both the in vivo and in vitro experiments highlighted an antigen‐independent sensitivity of HA compared with WT T cells causing an increase in memory T‐cell conversion and proliferation capability.
Organometallic‐Free Approches to the Direct Arylation of Benzoquinones and Naphthoquinones
Authors: de Luna Martins Daniela , do Amaral e Silva Nayane Abreu , de Jesus Hiller Noemi , de Carvalho da Silva Fernando , Ferreira Vitor Francisco 
Published: June 2024

AbstractQuinones represent a ubiquitous class of natural products, extensively distributed throughout nature. Within these organisms, they fulfil pivotal roles across a spectrum of metabolic processes essential to the organisms. Their privileged core structure is present in a variety of substances explored in medicinal chemistry. Modification of the central core of quinones could give rise to new substances with great potential as drug candidates. In this context, the introduction of an aryl or heteroaryl moiety on the quinone structure can be an important strategy for the development of new potentially bioactive compounds. In the present work, direct arylation methods of quinones reported in the literature are summarized, restricting the text to methods where organometallics are not used as catalysts, nor are organometallic species formed during the catalytic cycle. Radical arylation methods are presented where diazonium salts, hydrazines and arylboronic acids are used as aryl radicals’ sources, thermally and photochemically generated. Polar reactions are also presented, that is, through nucleophiles and electrophiles. In most reports, rich aromatics acts as nucleophiles against naphthoquinones, whose electrophilicity is increased by an Brönsted or Lewis acid. Quinones can be the starting materials or generated in situ from phenolic precursors.
Exercise responses to repeated cycle sprints with continuous and intermittent hypoxic exposure
Authors: Li Siu Nam , Anbalagan Prashan , Pang Joel , Ihsan Mohammed , Girard Olivier 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe examine the impact of the acute manipulation of oxygen availability during discrete phases (active and passive) of a repeated‐sprint cycling protocol on performance, physiological, and perceptual responses. On separate days, twelve trained males completed four sets of five 5‐s ‘all out’ cycle sprints (25‐s inter‐sprint recovery and 5‐min interset rest) in four randomized conditions: normobaric hypoxia (inspired oxygen fraction of 12.9%) applied continuously (C‐HYP), intermittently during only the sets of sprints (I‐HYPSPRINT) or between‐sets recovery periods (I‐HYPRECOVERY), or not at all (C‐NOR). Peak and mean power output, peripheral oxygen saturation, heart rate, blood lactate concentration, exercise‐related sensations, and vastus lateralis muscle oxygenation using near‐infrared spectroscopy were assessed. Peak and mean power output was ∼4%–5% lower for C‐HYP compared to C‐NOR (P ≤ 0.050) and I‐HYPRECOVERY (P ≤ 0.027). Peripheral oxygen saturation was lower during C‐HYP and I‐HYPSPRINT compared with C‐NOR and I‐HYPRECOVERY during sets of sprints (∼83–85 vs. ∼95%–97%; P < 0.001), while lower values were obtained for C‐HYP and I‐HYPRECOVERY than C‐NOR and I‐HYPSPRINT during between‐sets rest period (∼84–85 vs. ∼96%; P < 0.001). Difficulty in breathing was ∼21% higher for C‐HYP than C‐NOR (P = 0.050). Ratings of perceived exertion (P = 0.435), limb discomfort (P = 0.416), heart rate (P = 0.605), blood lactate concentration (P = 0.976), and muscle oxygenation‐derived variables (P = 0.056 to 0.605) did not differ between conditions. In conclusion, the method of hypoxic exposure application (continuous vs. intermittent) affects mechanical performance, while internal demands remained essentially comparable during repeated cycle sprints.
Outcomes of therapeutic plasma exchange for the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma cast nephropathy
Authors: Dima Danai , Goel Utkarsh , Sannareddy Aishwarya , Ibeh Nnaemeka , Ullah Fauzia , Afrough Aimaz , Mazzoni Sandra , Mehdi Ali , Rudoni Joslyn , Raza Shahzad , De Simone Nicole , Williams Louis , Khan Adeel , Rashid Aliya , Rice Mikhaila , Ricci Kristin , Samaras Christy , Valent Jason , Anderson Larry D. , Anwer Faiz , Kaur Gurbakhash , Khouri Jack 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCurrent treatment guidelines of myeloma cast nephropathy (MCN) recommend the institution of plasma cell‐directed therapy and consideration of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE), with the goal of rapid reduction of the serum free light chain (sFLC). However, the role of TPE continues to remain a subject of debate. The goal of this retrospective bi‐institutional study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of TPE in combination with systemic therapy. Eighty patients were included in this analysis, of whom 72.5% had ≥50% drop in their initial involved sFLC. At 3 months from TPE initiation, the overall hematologic response rate (ORR) was 67.5% with a very good partial response or better (≥VGPR) rate of 40%. At 6 months, ORR was 57.5%, with ≥VGPR rate of 49%. The renal response rate at 3 and 6 months was 47.5% and 43.75%, respectively; the overall renal response rate was 48.75%. On multivariable analysis, every one unit increase in baseline creatinine (odds ratio [OR] 0.76, p = 0.006), and achievement of ≥VGPR (OR 21.7 p < 0.0001) were significantly associated with renal response. Also, a ≥50% drop in sFLC was favorably associated with renal response (OR 3.39, p = 0.09). With a median follow‐up of 36.4 months, the median overall survival (OS) was 11 months. On multivariable analysis, achievement of renal response (hazard ratio [HR] 0.3, p < 0.0001) and newly diagnosed disease (NDMM; HR 0.43, p = 0.0055) were associated with improved OS. Among NDMM patients, those treated with daratumumab‐based regimens had a trend for better OS (p = 0.15), compared to other regimens, but the difference was not significant. At the end of follow‐up, an estimated 40.4% of patients who were on dialysis were able to become dialysis independent. In conclusion, our study highlights the poor survival of patients with MCN. Achievement of early renal response is crucial for prolonged OS, with daratumumab‐based therapies showing promise.
Identifying high‐risk multiple myeloma patients: A novel approach using a clonal gene signature
Authors: Li Jian‐Rong , Wang Christiana , Cheng Chao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMultiple myeloma (MM) is a heterogeneous disease with a small subset of high‐risk patients having poor prognoses. Identifying these patients is crucial for treatment management and strategic decisions. In this study, we developed a novel computational framework to define prognostic gene signatures by selecting genes with expression driven by clonal copy number alterations. We applied this framework to MM and developed a clonal gene signature (CGS) consisting of 22 genes and evaluated in five independent datasets. The CGS provided significant prognostic values after adjusting for well‐established factors including cytogenetic abnormalities, International Staging System (ISS), and Revised ISS (R‐ISS). Importantly, CGS demonstrated higher performance in identifying high‐risk patients compared to the GEP70 and SKY92 signatures recommended for prognostic stratification of MM. CGS can further stratify patients into subgroups with significantly differential prognoses when applied to the high‐ and low‐risk groups identified by GEP70 and SKY92. Additionally, CGS scores are significantly associated with patient response to dexamethasone, a commonly used treatment for MM. In summary, we proposed a computational framework that requires only gene expression data to identify CGSs for prognosis prediction. CGS provides a useful biomarker for improving prognostic stratification in MM, especially for identifying the highest‐risk patients.
Practical Applications of Supramolecular Macrocyclic Hosts in the Field of Herbal Medicines
Authors: Yu Huijuan , Niu Kejing , Zhao Yuting , Wang Yuefei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHerbal medicines (HMs) are gaining increasing popularity and recognition worldwide due to their eco‐friendliness and efficacy. With their multi‐compounds, multi‐targets, and multi‐pathways characteristics, HMs have been used in treatment of various diseases. However, the clinical applications of preparations containing HMs have been limited due to their inherent physicochemical properties, including low water solubility, poor stability, and unsatisfactory bioavailability of bioactive compounds. Supramolecular macrocyclic hosts, like cyclodextrins, calixarenes, cucurbiturils, and pillararenes, are important objects of researches in supramolecular chemistry. These hosts have been utilized to encapsulate the ingredients, improve the solubility of poorly water‐soluble components, enhance the stability of the tested compounds, increase the bioavailability of bioactive compounds, and ensure the safety of HMs. Herein, we provide a brief introduction to the theories of supramolecular chemistry and summarize the extensive applications of supramolecular macrocyclic hosts in the field of HMs. These applications encompass the screening of bioactive compounds in HMs and the enhancement of druggability for HMs. We hope this review can provide a strategy for dealing with the challenges of HMs, thereby enabling their better applications and development.
Uncertain prelabor rupture of membranes at term and associated delivery outcomes
Authors: Geron Yossi , Rozner Negrin Noam , Matot Ran , Hendin Natav , Danieli‐Gruber Shir , Shmueli Anat , Hadar Eran 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether equivocal prelabor rupture of membranes (PROM) cases are associated with adverse outcomes.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted in a tertiary medical center between July 2012 and March 2022. The cohort comprised all women diagnosed with term PROM (≥37 gestational weeks), divided into two groups. (1) Certain PROM—suggestive history of a watery vaginal discharge confirmed by visualization of fluid leaking from the cervix or pooling in the vagina on speculum examination. (2) Uncertain PROM—suggestive history of a watery vaginal discharge not supported by speculum examination. All patients were hospitalized and gave birth spontaneously or following either expectant management for up to 24 h from PROM or induction. The primary outcome measure was cesarean delivery (CD) rate. Secondary outcome measures were adverse maternal/neonatal events.ResultsOf the 2012 women included in the study, 1750 had certain PROM and 262 uncertain PROM. CD rate was 5.8% in the certain PROM group and 8.8% in the uncertain PROM group; the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.074). There was a significant between‐group difference in the rate of CD due to failed induction on univariate analysis (0.69% vs 2.67%, respectively, P = 0.007), but it was not maintained on multivariate logistic regression (odds ratio 0.37, 95% confidence interval: 0.12–1.17). Other maternal and neonatal outcomes were similar in the two groups.ConclusionOur findings indicate that following the same management guidelines for equivocal cases of ruptured membranes as for confirmed cases of term PROM did not compromise maternal or fetal outcomes.