bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on low‐velocity impact damage of composites based on improved Chang–Chang criterion
Authors: Guo Wei , Huang Huayao , Zhao Feng , Zhao Jialong , Feng Tao , Liu Lian , Han Canfei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractConsidering the nonlinearity of shear in the mechanics of composite materials, the increase of shear strength when the substrate interface is compressed, and the shear of the matrix itself, the Chang–Chang criterion is improved. The improved Chang–Chang criterion was used to establish a progressive damage model of low‐velocity impact of composites. The low‐velocity impact process of T700/EM134 composite laminates in the energy range from 5 to 10 J was compared by physical tests and finite element simulations, and the calculated impact response curves and material damage were in good agreement with the test results, which proved that the model of the improved criterion was suitable for the damage prediction of low‐velocity impact of composite laminates.Highlight
Consider various situations in composite material shearing.
Improved based on the Chang–Chang criterion.
Establishing a progressive damage model for low‐speed impacts.
Comparison through physical experiments and finite element simulation.
Prove that the improved criterion model is suitable for damage prediction.
Effect of cotton‐polyester composite yarn on the physico‐mechanical and comfort properties of woven fabric
Authors: Akter Nasrin , Repon Md. Reazuddin , Pranta Arnob Dhar , Islam Shaima , Khan Azmat Ali , Malik Abdul 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCotton is the most widely used natural cellulosic polymer and polyester is a synthetic polymer. The use of polyester fiber is increasing gradually day by day due to its strength and longevity, while the use of cotton fiber is decreasing due to its unavailability. At present, the use of cotton‐polyester composites is ubiquitous. This research work aims to assess the physical, mechanical and comfort properties of the woven fabric using cotton‐polyester composite yarns in a weft direction and coarser yarn count because of the use of these fabrics in the future for the denim manufacturing process. Four different samples were fabricated by using 100% cotton (10 Ne) yarn in the warp direction and 100% cotton, cotton‐polyester composite, and 100% polyester yarn in the weft direction of the fabric. Similar fabric and machine parameters were maintained for manufacturing all the samples. The samples were then tested for areal density, tensile strength, thickness, abrasion resistance and pilling, drape, flexural rigidity, and air permeability to find the optimum capability of the fabric. Physico‐mechanical properties with the proportion of increasing polyester components in fabrics improves areal density (184 to 199 g/m2), strength (almost 19 times in weft direction), drape (0.655% to 0.789%), and flexural rigidity (almost double). On the other hand, increasing comfortability properties with the proportion of cotton components in fabrics improve air permeability (139.85 to 159.58 cc/s/cm2), abrasion (only 3.036% mass loss), and pilling resistance (grading 4 after 2000 cycles).Highlights
Composite yarns made of cotton and polyester provide a method of improving fabric properties for better performance.
Higher proportions of cotton make clothes more breathable and less likely to pill and wear out.
Polyester parts make fabrics stronger, more durable, and less likely to wear out.
Cotton‐polyester composites are ideal and have potential for various textile applications.
Blending natural and synthetic fibers composite allows for customized fabrics that meet specific performance needs without compromising comfort.
Artificial intelligence‐based data path control in low Earth orbit satellites‐driven optical communications
Authors: Wrona Andrea , Tantucci Andrea 
Published: June 2024

SummaryFree space optical communication has emerged as a promising technology for high‐speed and secure data transmission between ground stations on Earth and orbiting satellites. However, this communication technology suffers from signal attenuation due to atmospheric turbulence and beam alignment precision. Low Earth orbit satellites play a pivotal role in optical communication due to their low altitude over the Earth surface, which mitigates the atmospheric precipitation effects. This paper introduces a novel data path control law for satellite optical communication exploiting artificial intelligence‐based predictive weather forecasting and a node selection mechanism based on reinforcement learning. Extensive simulations on three case studies demonstrate that the proposed control technique achieves remarkable gains in terms of link availability with respect to other state‐of‐the‐art solutions.
Investigation of Permeability Against Some Metals with a Functional Thiophene Based Polymeric Membrane Sensor
Authors: Kocaeren Aysel Aydın , Karakurt Emine 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThere are many advantages of using membranes in the separation of wastewater, but their uses are limited because they are not reusable due to blockages in the membrane. In this study, alginate‐based poly(ethyl‐methacrylate) (PEMA) polymeric membranes containing previously synthesized IOS, which are known to be selective against Fe3+, were prepared and their permeability against heavy metals such as Cd2+, Co2+, Cu2+, Fe3+, Hg2+ and Pb2+ were investigated. The properties of membranes characterized by UV‐Vis and FT‐IR spectrophotometry, were investigated with analysis techniques such as SEM, contact angle measurements, TG‐DTG, DSC and AFM. As a result of the measurements taken from the UV spectrophotometer of the filtrates passed through various aqueous ion solutions of the membranes as mentioned above, it was concluded that the ion to which the membrane was most selective was the Fe3+ ion. Moreover, it could be said that thanks to the repeated filtration processes the membrane prepared retained some Fe3+ ion in each measurement and could be used many times in the filtration process. Resultantly, it is possible to say that the polymeric Fe3+ membrane sensor produced may be suitable for use when it is necessary to remove Fe3+ ion from a polluted aqueous environment.
Fused Thienopyrimidines as Versatile Pharmacophores for the Development of Cyclooxygenase‐2 Inhibitors
Authors: Thakur Shikha , Arora Sahil , Katiyar Madhurendra K. , Joshi Gaurav , Kumar Raj 
Published: June 2024

AbstractInflammation is an essential body immune system response against various infections and tissue injuries and maintains normal homeostasis. Alterations in inflammatory responses lead to multiple disorders like heart diseases, obesity, diabetes, cancer, stroke, and neurodegenerative disorders. Cyclooxygenases (COXs), the enzymes, exist in two isoforms (COX‐1 and COX‐2) that catalyze the rate‐determining step of prostaglandin biogenesis and play a significant role in inflammation. COX‐2 inhibitors, although effective anti‐inflammatory agents are considered to be highly unsafe for long‐term usage due to their possible side and adversative effects. Recently, fused‐thienopyrimidines have emerged as a privileged scaffold with excellent anti‐inflammatory potential. In the present review, we have emphasized the recent developments in the design and synthetic strategies of fused‐thienopyrimidine derivatives and their detailed structure‐activity‐relationship (SAR) studies. The primary goal of this review is to provide restructuring knowledge about this template, which could prove beneficial and valuable for chemists working in the anti‐inflammatory area.
Synthesis, ADME Profiling, Antibacterial Screening and Molecular Docking of Some New Tetrazole‐Heterocycle Hybrids
Authors: Gailan Mahmoud Hammadi , Hussein Maha Salih , Elmasry Ghada F. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOver the past 20 years, there has been a notable rise in the incidence of invasive bacterial infections. This increase has been mostly linked to the growth of drug‐resistant bacteria. Tetrazoles have been considered as promising antibacterial agents and their effectiveness may be enhanced by hybridization with other antibacterial pharmacophores. In this work, a series of tetrazole hybrids (1‐6) containing oxazepane and pyrazole rings as well as Mannich bases (7,8) were synthesizedviathe Schiff and Mannich reactions, respectively. The compositions were proven spectroscopically using infrared spectra, proton (1H) and carbon‐13 (13C) nuclear magnetic resonance spectra and elemental analyses. Moreover, the pharmacokinetic propertiesvizAbsorption, Distribution, Metabolism and Excretion (ADME) were predictedin silicousing SwissADME server. Compounds1,2and4–6attaining the best drug‐likeness properties were screened for their antibacterial activities againstStaphylococcus epidermidisandStreptococcus mutansat different concentrations in comparison with tetracycline and amikacin, respectively. Afterwards, a molecular docking study was performed to explore the potential binding patterns of the new antibacterial compounds. Collectively, the tetrazole hybrids4and5have been found to have higher inhibitory potencies compared to tetracycline, serving them as potential antibacterial candidates which can be further optimized in the future.
Structural Preferences of Metal Chalcogenide based Nanothreads (MX; M=Au, Ag; X=S, Se): A Computational Study
Authors: Srinivasan Marutheeswaran , Sivasamy Ramesh , Kaur Kulwinder , Hima Sindhu K. N. , Khandy Shakeel Ahmad , Patra Lokanath 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the structural stability and electronic properties of α‐MX nanothreads and β‐MX nanosheets (M=Au, Ag; X=S, Se) using density functional theory. Our findings confirm the thermal and dynamic stability of all nanostructures, with β‐MX phases being more stable than α‐MX, albeit with minimal energy differences between the two phases. Electron localization analysis reveals predominantly ionic bonding character between M (Ag and Au) and X (S and Se) atoms. All the phase exhibits metallophilic interactions (Argentophilic and Aurophilic), with α‐MX nanothreads demonstrating a higher level of interaction compared to β‐MX nanosheets, attributed to the curvature inherent in the nanothreads. Significantly, these interactions are effectively small and do not compromise the relative stability between the α‐MX and β‐MX phases. Additionally, both α‐MX and β‐MX structures exhibit characteristics of indirect bandgap semiconductor behaviour. The band gap values do not significantly differ between α‐MX and β‐MX phases. Fermi analysis reveals that α‐MX phases exhibit small effective electron masses and large hole mobility along the uniaxial direction. These findings suggest promising prospects for α‐MX nanothreads as 1D semiconductors in nano‐electronics and nano‐optoelectronics applications in the future.
Quaternized Graphene for High‐Performance Moisture Swing Direct Air Capture of CO2
Authors: Nicotera Isabella , Enotiadis Apostolos , Simari Cataldo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNowadays, moisture‐swing adsorption technology still relies on quaternary ammonium resins with limited CO2 capacity under ambient air conditions. In this work, a groundbreaking moisture‐driven sorbent is developed starting from commercial graphene flakes and using glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride for incorporation of CO2‐sensitive quaternary ammonium functional groups. Boasting an outstanding CO2 capture performance under ultra‐diluted conditions (namely, 3.24 mmol g−1 at CO2 400 ppm and 20% RH), the functionalized sorbent (fGO) features clear competitive advantages over current technologies for direct air capture. Notably, fGO demonstrated unprecedented moisture‐swing capacity, ease of regenerability, versatility, selectivity, and longevity. These distinctive features position the fGO as an advanced and promising solution, showcasing its potential to outperform existing methods for moisture‐swing direct air capture of CO2.
Accelerated and Guided Zn2+ Diffusion via Polarized Interface Engineering Toward High Performance Wearable Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhang Yuhang , Ren Tiantian , Liu Chengxin , Wu Qiao , Xia Yuan , Liu Xiaojie 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRechargeable aqueous Zn‐ion batteries (ZIBs) are considered as a new energy storage device for wearable electronic equipment. Nowadays, dendrite growth and uneven deposition of zinc have been the principal problems to suppress the development of high‐performance wearable zinc‐ion batteries. Herein, a perovskite material of LaAlO3 nanoparticle has been applied for interface engineering and zinc anode protection. By adjusting transport channels and accelerating the Zn2+ diffusion, the hydrogen evolution reaction potential is improved, and electric field distribution on the Zn electrode surface is regulated to navigate the fast and uniform deposition of Zn2+. As a proof of demonstration, the assembled LAO@Zn||MnO2 batteries can display the highest capacity of up to 140 mAh g−1 without noticeable decay even after 1000 cycles. Moreover, a motor‐driven fan and electronic wristwatch powered by wearable ZIBs can demonstrate the practical feasibility of LAO@Zn||MnO2 in wearable electronic equipment.
Surface Crystal and Degradability of Shape Memory Scaffold Essentialize Osteochondral Regeneration
Authors: Cho Sungwoo , Lee Kang Suk , Lee Kyubae , Kim Hye‐Seon , Park Suji , Yu Seung Eun , Ha Hyunsu , Baek Sewoom , Kim Jueun , Kim Hyunjae , Lee Ji Youn , Lee Sangmin , Sung Hak‐Joon 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe minimally invasive deployment of scaffolds is a key safety factor for the regeneration of cartilage and bone defects. Osteogenesis relies primarily on cell‐matrix interactions, whereas chondrogenesis relies on cell–cell aggregation. Bone matrix expansion requires osteoconductive scaffold degradation. However, chondrogenic cell aggregation is promoted on the repellent scaffold surface, and minimal scaffold degradation supports the avascular nature of cartilage regeneration. Here, a material satisfying these requirements for osteochondral regeneration is developed by integrating osteoconductive hydroxyapatite (HAp) with a chondroconductive shape memory polymer (SMP). The shape memory function‐derived fixity and recovery of the scaffold enabled minimally invasive deployment and expansion to fill irregular defects. The crystalline phases on the SMP surface inhibited cell aggregation by suppressing water penetration and subsequent protein adsorption. However, HAp conjugation SMP (H‐SMP) enhanced surface roughness and consequent cell‐matrix interactions by limiting cell aggregation using crystal peaks. After mouse subcutaneous implantation, hydrolytic H‐SMP accelerated scaffold degradation compared to that by the minimal degradation observed for SMP alone for two months. H‐SMP and SMP are found to promote osteogenesis and chondrogenesis, respectively, in vitro and in vivo, including the regeneration of rat osteochondral defects using the binary scaffold form, suggesting that this material is promising for osteochondral regeneration.
Tortuosity Engineering of Water Channels to Customized Water Supply for Enhancing Hydrogel Solar Evaporation
Authors: Zhao Zexiang , Wang Chengbing , Wei Dan , Hu Qinxue , Tan Puxin , Wang Fan , Xie Yunong , Zhang Wenhe , Zhang Jing 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHydrogel as a solar evaporator shows great potential in freshwater production. However, hydrogels often lead to an imbalance between solar energy input and water supply management due to their excessively high saturated water content. Thus, achieving a stable water‐energy‐balance in hydrogel evaporators remains challenging. Here, by tortuosity engineering designed water transport channels, a seamless high‐tortuosity/low‐tortuosity/high‐tortuosity structured hydrogel (SHLH structure hydrogel) evaporator is developed, which enables the hydrogel with customized water transport rate, leading to the controlled water supply at the evaporator interface. An excellent equilibrium between the photothermal conversion and water supply is established, and the maximum utilization of solar energy is realized, thereby achieving an excellent evaporation rate of 3.64 kg m–2 h–1 under one solar illumination. This tortuosity engineering controlled SHLH structured evaporator provides a novel strategy to attain water‐energy‐balance and expands new approaches for constructing hydrogel‐based evaporators with tailored water transportation capacity.
A self‐reported instrument to measure and foster students' science connection to life with the CARE‐KNOW‐DO model and open schooling for sustainability
Authors: Okada Alexandra 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNational governments are concerned about the disconnection of young people from science, which hampers the development of a scientifically literate society promoting sustainable development, wellbeing, equity, and a green economy. Introduced in 2015 alongside Agenda 2030, the “open schooling” approach aims at enhancing students' science connections through real‐life problem solving with families and scientists, necessitating solid evidence for scalability and sustainability. This study conceptualizes “science connection,” a term yet underexplored, as the integration of science's meaning and purpose into personal, social, and global actions informed by socioscientific thinking. It details a novel 32‐item self‐report questionnaire developed and validated from insights of 85 teachers into “science connection”‐enhanced learning. A new consensual qualitative analysis method with visual and textual snapshots enabled developing quantitative measures from the qualitative findings with rigor. The multilanguage instrument provided just‐in‐time actionable data, enhancing the immediacy and applicability of the feedback to 2082 underserved students aged 11–18 across five countries participating in open schooling activities using the CARE‐KNOW‐DO model. This innovative feature supports open science and responsible open research, offering real‐time insights and fostering immediate educational impact. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed five components of science connection: Confidence and aspiration in science; Fun participatory science with teachers, family, and experts; Active learning approaches; Involvement in‐and‐outside school science activities; and Valuing science's role to life‐and‐society. Many students felt connected to science— Brazil: 80%, Spain: 79%, Romania: 73%, Greece: 70%, UK: 57%— with boys: 75%, girls: 73%, nonbinary students: 56%. These differences need in‐depth research. Results suggest that science connections decline from the primary to secondary education, but the CARE‐KNOW‐DO model may reengage older students. A robust science connection enhances scientific literacy and builds science capital. This instrument aids policymakers, educators, and learners in identifying factors that facilitate or impede students' engagement with science for sustainable development efforts.
Effects of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes and halloysite nanotubes on plasma lipid profiles and autophagic lipolysis pathways in mouse aortas and hearts
Authors: Cheng Yujia , Zhang Yimin , Wang Canyang , Zhao Weichao , Huang Chaobo , Zhang Zelin , Sheng Liping , Song Fengmei , Cao Yi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMulti‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) are widely used tubular‐structured nanomaterials (NMs), but their cardiovascular effects are not clear. This study compared the effects of MWCNTs and HNTs on lipid profiles in mouse plasma and gene expression profiles in aortas and hearts. Mice were intravenously injected with 50 μg NMs, once a day, for 5 days. Then, the plasma was collected for lipidomics analysis, and aortas and hearts were collected for RNA‐sequencing analysis. While MWCNTs or HNTs did not induce obvious pathological changes in aortas or hearts, the lipid profiles in mouse plasma were altered. Further analysis revealed that MWCNTs more effectively upregulated sphingolipids and sterol lipids, whereas HNTs more effectively upregulated glycerophospholipids and fatty acyls. Consistently, RNA‐sequencing data indicated that MWCNTs and HNTs altered signaling pathways related with lipid synthesis and metabolism, as well as those related with endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes and autophagy, more significantly in aortas than in hearts. We further verified the changes of proteins involved in autophagic lipolysis, that MWCNTs were more effectively to suppress the autophagic biomarker LC3, whereas HNTs were more effectively to affect lipid metabolism proteins. These results may provide novel understanding about the influences of MWCNTs and HNTs on lipid profiles and lipid signaling pathways in cardiovascular systems. Importantly, previous studies considered HNTs as biocompatible materials, but the results from this study suggested that both MWCNTs and HNTs were capable to affect lipid profiles and autophagic lipolysis pathways in cardiovascular systems, although their exact influences were different.
Excision of a gastrointestinal stromal tumour in a dog using short‐wave infrared fluorescence imaging and indocyanine green
Authors: Choi Jinyoung , Lee Sungin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA 7‐year‐old castrated male Golden Retriever weighing 36.8 kg presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital with vomiting, anorexia and depression. After blood tests, radiographic, ultrasound and computed tomography examinations, a 7.85 × 5.90 × 8.75 cm mass was identified in the caecum. To visualise the tumour margin and improve the accuracy of tumour resection, intraoperative short‐wave infrared imaging using indocyanine green was performed during surgery. An indocyanine green solution was injected intravenously as a bolus of 5 mg/kg 24 h before surgery. Tumour resection was performed with a 0.5 cm margin from the fluorescent‐marked tissues. Histopathological examination revealed a diagnosis of a gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST) and the absence of neoplastic cells in the surgical margin, indicating a successful surgery. To our knowledge, this is the first case of a GIST resection in a dog using intraoperative short‐wave infrared imaging.
Serial MRI to monitor the progression of a case of sphenoid bone osteomyelitis in a dog (Canis familiaris)
Authors: Aledon Irene , Mahon Elizabeth , Staudacher Anne , Stabile Fabio 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA 2‐year‐5‐month‐old, male, neutered, crossbreed dog presented with third eyelid protrusion, right eye exophthalmos and facial hyperaesthesia. Neurological examination was suggestive of a lesion affecting the right optic nerve. Magnetic resonance imaging allowed a presumptive diagnosis of sphenoid bone osteomyelitis, meningitis and right‐sided optic neuritis. The dog was discharged with clindamycin (13 mg/kg/8 h), amoxicillin–clavulanate (25 mg/kg/8 h), gabapentin (10 mg/kg/8 h), paracetamol (15 mg/kg/8 h) and prednisolone (0.5 mg/kg/24 h). Paracetamol, gabapentin and prednisolone were gradually stopped. A 3‐month follow‐up revealed right‐eye blindness. Magnetic resonance imaging showed improvement in changes compatible with osteomyelitis and meningitis resolution, prompting clindamycin cessation. At the 6‐month follow‐up, magnetic resonance imaging indicated only right optic nerve atrophy. Amoxicillin–clavulanate was stopped. There had been no relapses at 12‐month follow‐up. Serial magnetic resonance imaging studies were pivotal in adjusting antibiotic therapy, and instilled confidence for treatment cessation upon lesion resolution. This marked the first use of serial magnetic resonance imaging to modulate sphenoid bone osteomyelitis treatment in dogs.