bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sexual Harassment of Female Students in Afghanistan Universities: A Transverse Study
Authors: Ehsan Hedayatullah , Hashimi Zainab , Jalily Sulaiman , Noorandish Manizha , Halim Tooba , Muhib Roya , Mayar Swaida 
Published: June 2024

Background: Violence against females is a violation of human rights and discrimination, causing physical, sexual, psychological, and economic harm, and involves threats of coercion or arbitrary deprivation of freedom. Aim: The goal of this study was to find solutions that speak volumes about the proactive approach toward addressing and mitigating sexual harassment. This study has the potential to drive meaningful change and improve the safety and well-being of women within university settings in Afghanistan. Methodology: The method used in this study was an online survey containing 19 questions. Overall, 69 students from different universities, most of them from Kabul University of Medical Sciences, participated in the survey. Result: The study shows a high prevalence of harassment among female Afghan university students, with verbal assaults being the most common form and many witnessing only harassments. Participants generally support legal measures against harassment, but fear of identification, blame, or confusion may lead to underreporting or concealment of incidents due to factors like fear of identification or blame. The study underscores the need for a comprehensive strategy, including legal reforms, safe reporting mechanisms, supportive environments, and cultural barriers, to eradicate sexual harassment in academic settings. Conclusion: Sexual harassment is a global issue, particularly prevalent in Afghanistan, but lack of accurate statistics has hindered effective prevention. Surveys and research can provide reliable data, enabling universities to understand the extent of the issue and implement targeted interventions. This proactive approach helps create safer academic environments, highlighting the importance of accurate statistics in addressing sexual assault among female students.
Altered immunity in migraine: a comprehensive scoping review
Authors: Ha Woo-Seok , Chu Min Kyung 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
The pathogenesis of migraine remains unclear; however, a large body of evidence supports the hypothesis that immunological mechanisms play a key role. Therefore, we aimed to review current studies on altered immunity in individuals with migraine during and outside attacks.

Methods
We searched the PubMed database to investigate immunological changes in patients with migraine. We then added other relevant articles on altered immunity in migraine to our search.

Results
Database screening identified 1,102 articles, of which 41 were selected. We added another 104 relevant articles. We found studies reporting elevated interictal levels of some proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-6 and TNF-α. Anti-inflammatory cytokines showed various findings, such as increased TGF-β and decreased IL-10. Other changes in humoral immunity included increased levels of chemokines, adhesion molecules, and matrix metalloproteinases; activation of the complement system; and increased IgM and IgA. Changes in cellular immunity included an increase in T helper cells, decreased cytotoxic T cells, decreased regulatory T cells, and an increase in a subset of natural killer cells. A significant comorbidity of autoimmune and allergic diseases with migraine was observed.

Conclusions
Our review summarizes the findings regarding altered humoral and cellular immunological findings in human migraine. We highlight the possible involvement of immunological mechanisms in the pathogenesis of migraine. However, further studies are needed to expand our knowledge of the exact role of immunological mechanisms in migraine pathogenesis.
Genome sequencing of captive white tigers from Bangladesh
Authors: Das Ashutosh , Suvo Md Shahadat Hossain , Shaha Mishuk , Gupta Mukta Das 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Objectives
The Bengal tiger Panthera tigris tigris, is an emblematic animal for Bangladesh. Despite being the apex predator in the wild, their number is decreasing due to anthropogenic activities such as hunting, urbanization, expansion of agriculture and deforestation. By contrast, captive tigers are flourishing due to practical conservation efforts. Breeding within the small captive population can produce inbreeding depression and genetic bottlenecks, which may limit the success of conservation efforts. Despite past decades of research, a comprehensive database on genetic variation in the captive and wild Bengal tigers in Bangladesh still needs to be included. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate the White Bengal tiger genome to create a resource for future studies to understand variation underlying important functional traits.

Data description
Blood samples from Chattogram Zoo were collected for three white Bengal tigers. Genomic DNA for all collected samples were extracted using a commercial DNA extraction kit. Whole genome sequencing was performed using a DNBseq platform. We generated 77 Gb of whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data for three white Bengal tigers (Average 11X coverage/sample). The data we generated will establish a paradigm for tiger research in Bangladesh by providing a genomic resource for future functional studies on the Bengal white tiger.
Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the KNOX family and its diverse roles in response to growth and abiotic tolerance in sweet potato and its two diploid relatives
Authors: Jia Li-Cong , Yang Zi-Tong , Shang Li-Li , He Shao-Zhen , Zhang Huan , Li Xu , Xin Guo-Sheng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractKNOXs, a type of homeobox genes that encode atypical homeobox proteins, play an essential role in the regulation of growth and development, hormonal response, and abiotic stress in plants. However, the KNOX gene family has not been explored in sweet potato. In this study, through sequence alignment, genomic structure analysis, and phylogenetic characterization, 17, 12 and 11 KNOXs in sweet potato (I. batatas, 2n = 6x = 90) and its two diploid relatives I. trifida (2n = 2x = 30) and I. triloba (2n = 2x = 30) were identified. The protein physicochemical properties, chromosome localization, phylogenetic relationships, gene structure, protein interaction network, cis-elements of promoters, tissue-specific expression and expression patterns under hormone treatment and abiotic stresses of these 40 KNOX genes were systematically studied. IbKNOX4, -5, and − 6 were highly expressed in the leaves of the high-yield varieties Longshu9 and Xushu18. IbKNOX3 and IbKNOX8 in Class I were upregulated in initial storage roots compared to fibrous roots. IbKNOXs in Class M were specifically expressed in the stem tip and hardly expressed in other tissues. Moreover, IbKNOX2 and − 6, and their homologous genes were induced by PEG/mannitol and NaCl treatments. The results showed that KNOXs were involved in regulating growth and development, hormone crosstalk and abiotic stress responses between sweet potato and its two diploid relatives. This study provides a comparison of these KNOX genes in sweet potato and its two diploid relatives and a theoretical basis for functional studies.
Phylogenetic analysis and divergence time estimation of Lycium species in China based on the chloroplast genomes
Authors: Zhang Lei , Zhang Erdong , Wei Yuqing , Zheng Guoqi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Lycium is an economically and ecologically important genus of shrubs, consisting of approximately 70 species distributed worldwide, 15 of which are located in China. Despite the economic and ecological importance of Lycium, its phylogeny, interspecific relationships, and evolutionary history remain relatively unknown. In this study, we constructed a phylogeny and estimated divergence time based on the chloroplast genomes (CPGs) of 15 species, including subspecies, of the genus Lycium from China.

Results
We sequenced and annotated 15 CPGs in this study. Comparative analysis of these genomes from these Lycium species revealed a typical quadripartite structure, with a total sequence length ranging from 154,890 to 155,677 base pairs (bp). The CPGs was highly conserved and moderately differentiated. Through annotation, we identified a total of 128–132 genes. Analysis of the boundaries of inverted repeat (IR) regions showed consistent positioning: the junctions of the IRb/LSC region were located in rps19 in all Lycium species, IRb/SSC between the ycf1 and ndhF genes, and SSC/IRa within the ycf1 gene. Sequence variation in the SSC region exceeded that in the IR region. We did not detect major expansions or contractions in the IR region or rearrangements or insertions in the CPGs of the 15 Lycium species. Comparative analyses revealed five hotspot regions in the CPG: trnR(UCU), atpF-atpH, ycf3-trnS(GGA), trnS(GGA), and trnL-UAG, which could potentially serve as molecular markers. In addition, phylogenetic tree construction based on the CPG indicated that the 15 Lycium species formed a monophyletic group and were divided into two typical subbranches and three minor branches. Molecular dating suggested that Lycium diverged from its sister genus approximately 17.7 million years ago (Mya) and species diversification within the Lycium species of China primarily occurred during the recent Pliocene epoch.

Conclusion
The divergence time estimation presented in this study will facilitate future research on Lycium, aid in species differentiation, and facilitate diverse investigations into this economically and ecologically important genus.
Low oxygen environment effect on the tomato cell wall composition during the fruit ripening process
Authors: Leszczuk Agata , Kutyrieva-Nowak Nataliia , Nowak Artur , Nosalewicz Artur , Zdunek Artur 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Oxygen concentration is a key characteristic of the fruit storage environment determining shelf life and fruit quality. The aim of the work was to identify cell wall components that are related to the response to low oxygen conditions in fruit and to determine the effects of such conditions on the ripening process. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruits at different stages of the ripening process were stored in an anoxic and hypoxic environment, at 0% and 5% oxygen concentrations, respectively. We used comprehensive and comparative methods: from microscopic immunolabelling and estimation of enzymatic activities to detailed molecular approaches. Changes in the composition of extensin, arabinogalactan proteins, rhamnogalacturonan-I, low methyl-esterified homogalacturonan, and high methyl-esterified homogalacturonan were analysed.

Results
In-depth molecular analyses showed that low oxygen stress affected the cell wall composition, i.e. changes in protein content, a significantly modified in situ distribution of low methyl-esterified homogalacturonan, appearance of callose deposits, disturbed native activities of β-1,3-glucanase, endo-β-1,4-glucanase, and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), and disruptions in molecular parameters of single cell wall components. Taken together, the data obtained indicate that less significant changes were observed in fruit in the breaker stage than in the case of the red ripe stage. The first symptoms of changes were noted after 24 h, but only after 72 h, more crucial deviations were visible. The 5% oxygen concentration slows down the ripening process and 0% oxygen accelerates the changes taking place during ripening.

Conclusions
The observed molecular reset occurring in tomato cell walls in hypoxic and anoxic conditions seems to be a result of regulatory and protective mechanisms modulating ripening processes.
A comparison of hemodynamic measurement methods during orthotopic liver transplantation: evaluating agreement and trending ability of PiCCO versus pulmonary artery catheter techniques
Authors: Feng Yulu , Ye Zexi , Shen Yuekun , Xiong Wei , Chen Xiaoxiang , Gan Xiaoliang , Wen Shihong , Yang Lu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Significant hemodynamic changes occur during liver transplantation, emphasizing the importance of precious and continuous monitoring of cardiac output, cardiac index, and other parameters. Although the monitoring of cardiac output by pulse indicator continuous cardiac output (PiCCO) was statistically homogeneous compared to the clinical gold standard pulmonary artery catheterization (PAC) in previous studies of liver transplantation, there are fewer statistical methods for the assessment of its conclusions, and a lack of comparisons of other hemodynamic parameters (e.g., SVRI, systemic vascular resistance index). Some studies have also concluded that the agreement between PiCCO and PAC is not good enough. Overall, there are no uniform conclusions regarding the agreement between PiCCO and PAC in previous studies. This study evaluates the agreement and trending ability of relevant hemodynamic parameters obtained with PiCCO compared to the clinical gold standard PAC from multiple perspectives, employing various statistical methods.

Methods
Fifty-two liver transplantation patients were included. Cardiac output (CO), cardiac index (CI), SVRI and stroke volume index (SVI) values were monitored at eight time points using both PiCCO and PAC. The results were analyzed by Bland-Altman analysis, Passing-bablok regression, intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), 4-quadrant plot, polar plot, and trend interchangeability method (TIM).

Results
The Bland-Altman analysis revealed high percentage errors for PiCCO: 54.06% for CO, 52.70% for CI, 62.18% for SVRI, and 51.97% for SVI, indicating poor accuracy. While Passing-Bablok plots showed favorable agreement for SVRI overall and during various phases, the agreement for other parameters was less satisfactory. The ICC results confirmed good overall agreement between the two devices across most parameters, except for SVRI during the new liver phase, which showed poor agreement. Additionally, four-quadrant and polar plot analyses indicated that all agreement rate values fell below the clinically acceptable threshold of over 90%, and all angular deviation values exceeded ± 5°, demonstrating that PiCCO is unable to meet the acceptable trends. Using the TIM, the interchangeability rates were found to be quite low: 20% for CO and CI, 16% for SVRI, and 13% for SVI.

Conclusions
Our study revealed notable disparities in absolute values of CO, CI, SVRI and SVI between PiCCO and PAC in intraoperative liver transplant settings, notably during the neohepatic phase where errors were particularly pronounced. Consequently, these findings highlight the need for careful consideration of PiCCO’s advantages and disadvantages in liver transplantation scenarios, including its multiple parameters (such as the encompassing extravascular lung water index), against its limited correlation with PAC.
The association between socioeconomic status perception and mental health among Chinese older adults: the mediating roles of social trust and justice
Authors: Ran Xiaoxing , Zhang Xiaodong , Gong Wenyi , Chen Gong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Mental health is a matter of quality of life among older adults. This study aimed to explore the association between the socioeconomic status (SES) perception and mental health of older adults using data from 2017 Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS).

Methods
Ordinary least squares (OLS) regression was used to analyse the association between SES perception and mental health, and the substitution model and variable methods were used to check the robustness of the results. Moreover, we adopted the Sobel model to analyse the mediating roles of social trust and justice.

Results
SES perception was positively associated with mental health, and this association was mediated by social trust and justice. This kind of positive association was mainly embodied in those groups with the highest or lowest objective SES. In other words, this study confirmed the phenomenon of “a contented mind is a perpetual feast” in Chinese society.

Conclusions
Higher SES perception is associated with improved mental health for Chinese older adults. It is imperative to prioritize efforts to enhance the perceptual abilities of older adults, particularly those with the highest or lowest objective SES, to promote their overall subjective well-being.
Potential prognostic value of CSF-targeted proteomics across the Alzheimer’s disease continuum
Authors: Xu Bingdong , Ling Yitong , Liu Leiyuan , Liu Yujun , Lin Yingze , Lyu Jun , Zhang Yusheng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Core biomarkers for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), such as Aβ42 and tau, have demonstrated high prognostic accuracy but do not fully capture the complex pathophysiology of AD. In this study, our objective was to identify novel cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers using proteomics across the entire AD continuum to predict conversion to AD and explore their involvement in AD pathogenesis.

Methods
A cohort of 186 cognitively normal (CN), 127 subjective memory complaint (SMC), 79 early mild cognitive impairment (EMCI), 249 late MCI (LMCI), and 132 AD individuals was analyzed, with a follow-up period of over 3 years for non-AD participants. CSF 65 peptides, as well as hippocampal and entorhinal volumes were analyzed, and cognitive function was evaluated using the 13-item cognitive subscale of the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale (ADAS-Cog 13). Cox proportional hazards models and mediation analysis were performed to investigate associations and causal relationships.

Results
During the follow-up, approximately one-fourth (146/580) of the non-AD participants progressed to AD. After adjusting for baseline diagnosis (CN to LMCI) and other variables, multivariable Cox regression analysis identified three peptides (VAELEDEK, VSFELFADK, and VVSSIEQK) as significant predictors of conversion to AD. Incorporating these three peptides into the initial model significantly improved the C-statistic from 0.82 to 0.85 for predicting AD conversion, surpassing the predictive ability of Aβ42 and P-tau. Moreover, hippocampal and entorhinal volumes mediated 30.3–53.8% of the association between the three peptides and ADAS-Cog 13 scores.

Conclusions
These findings underscore the potential of these three peptides as robust prognostic biomarker candidates for AD conversion across the entire AD continuum, with a mechanism involving the mediation of hippocampal and entorhinal volumes.
Safety and adherence of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide for HIV post-exposure prophylaxis among adults in Guiyang China: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Gan Lin , Xie Xiaoxin , Fu Yanhua , Yang Xiaoyan , Ma Shujing , Kong Linghong , Song Chunli , Song Yebing , Ren Tingting , Long Hai 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
The effectiveness of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) depends on participants adherence, making it crucial to assess and compare regimen options to enhance human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prophylaxis strategies. However, no prospective study in China has shown that the completion rate and adherence of single-tablet regimens in HIV PEP are higher than those of multi-tablet preparations. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the completion rate and adherence of two HIV PEP regimens.

Methods
In this single-center, prospective, open-label cohort study, we included 179 participants from May 2022 to March 2023 and analyzed the differences in the 28-day medication completion rate, adherence, safety, tolerance, and effectiveness of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (BIC/FTC/TAF) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, emtricitabine, and dolutegravir (TDF/FTC + DTG).

Results
The PEP completion rate and adherence were higher in the BIC/FTC/TAF group than in the TDF/FTC + DTG group (completion rate: 97.8% vs. 82.6%, P = 0.009; adherence: 99.6 ± 2.82% vs. 90.2 ± 25.29%, P = 0.003). The incidence of adverse reactions in the BIC/FTC/TAF and TDF/FTC + DTG groups was 15.2% and 10.3% (P = 0.33), respectively. In the TDF/FTC + DTG group, one participant stopped PEP owing to adverse reactions (1.1%). No other participants stopped PEP due to adverse events.

Conclusions
BIC/FTC/TAF and TDF/FTC + DTG have good safety and tolerance as PEP regimens. BIC/FTC/TAF has a higher completion rate and increased adherence, thus, is recommended as a PEP regimen. These findings emphasize the importance of regimen choice in optimizing PEP outcomes.

Trial registration
The study was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (registration number: ChiCTR2200059994(2022-05-14), https://www.chictr.org.cn/bin/project/edit?pid=167391).
Optimal ICSI timing on immature oocytes for low prognosis patients under the POSEIDON classification
Authors: Shi Cheng , Wang Ping , Liang Rong , Fu Min , Duan Sheng Nan , Shen Huan , Yang Mei , Chen Xi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
The optimal timing of performing ICSI on immature oocytes for POSEIDON patients is still unknown to get better early embryonic development outcomes. The purpose of this study was to implore the most appropriate time to carry out ICSI on in vitro maturation GV and MI oocytes for POSEIDON patients.

Methods
Two hundred thirty-nine immature oocytes from 163 POSEIDON patients were prospectively performed ICSI at different timings: P-ICSI (ICSI was performed on in vitro matured oocytes 4–6 h after the first polar body extrusion, N = 81), R-ICSI (ICSI was performed on in vitro matured oocytes less than 4 h after the first polar body extrusion, N = 80), and E-ICSI (ICSI was performed on in vitro matured oocytes the next day after oocytes retrieval, N = 78). Fertilization and embryonic development outcomes were collected and statistically analyzed. Mitochondria distribution of cytoplasm of in vitro matured oocytes with different time cultures after the first polar body (PB1) extrusion was stained.

Results
Compared to the E-ICSI group, more day 3 embryos from P-ICSI became blastocysts after sequential culture though without statistical significance (OR = 3.71, 95% CI: 0.94—14.63, P = 0.061). Compared to the E-ICSI group, more embryos from both P-ICSI and R-ICSI groups were clinically used with statistical significance (OR = 5.67, 95% CI: 2.24—14.35, P = 0.000 for P-ICSI embryos; OR = 3.23, 95% CI: 1.23—8.45, P = 0.017 for R-ICSI embryos). Compared to the E-ICSI group, transferred embryos from P-ICSI and R-ICSI had a higher implantation rate though without statistical significance (35.3% for P-ICSI embryos; 9.1% or R-ICSI embryos and 0% for E-ICSI embryos, P = 0.050). Among the three group, there were most healthy babies delivered from the P-ICSI group (5, 1 and 0 for P-ICSI, R-ICSI and E-ICSI respectively). The mitochondria in the cytoplasm of in vitro matured oocytes with a less than 4 h and 4–6 h culture after PB1 extrusion presented semiperipheral and diffused distribution patterns, respectively.

Conclusions
Our results revealed P-ICSI (ICSI was performed on in vitro matured oocytes 4–6 h after the first polar body extrusion) provided the most efficient method to utilize the immaturation oocytes basing on embryos utilization and live birth outcome for low prognosis patients under the POSEIDON classification. The mitochondria distribution of the in vitro matured oocytes’ cytoplasm from P-ICSI varied that from R-ICSI.