bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploration of the links among fathers' unresolved states of mind with respect to attachment, atypical paternal behavior, and disorganized infant–father attachment
Authors: Madigan Sheri , Benoit Diane , Boucher Catherine 
Published: April 2011

AbstractAtypical maternal behavior has consistently been identified as a precursor of disorganized infant–mother attachment, but to date, no research has examined the role of atypical paternal behavior in the development of disorganized infant–father attachment. This study aims to enhance our understanding and conceptualization of infant–father attachment by examining the role of fathers' unresolved states of mind and the display of atypical paternal behavior in the development of disorganized infant–father attachment. Thirty‐one middle‐class couples participated in this study. Maternal and paternal Adult Attachment Interviews (C. George, N. Kaplan, & M. Main, 1996) were completed prenatally and at infant age 6 months, respectively. Infant–mother and infant–father dyads participated in the Strange Situation paradigm (M. Ainsworth, M. Blehar, E. Waters, & S. Wall, 1978) when the infants were 12 and 18 months of age, respectively. The Atypical Maternal Behavior Instrument for Assessment and Classification (E. Bronfman, E. Parsons, & K. Lyons‐Ruth, 1999) was used to assess maternal and paternal behavior during the Strange Situation. Maternal states of mind regarding attachment predicted infant–mother attachment relationships, and paternal states of mind predicted infant–father attachment relationships. Atypical maternal behavior was associated with infant–mother disorganized attachment; however, atypical paternal behavior did not predict infant–father disorganized attachment. Thus, it is possible that other factors, yet to be uncovered, might contribute to the development of infant–father disorganized attachment.
Cholesteryl ester transfer protein: The controversial relation to atherosclerosis and emerging new biological roles
Authors: Oliveira Helena C. F. , de Faria Eliana C. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractCholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) exerts a profound impact on high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) metabolism and, consequently, on the risk of atherosclerosis development and cardiovascular mortality. Here, we review the complex relationship between CETP and atherosclerosis based upon the experimental, clinical, and epidemiological studies. In addition, we discuss the recent findings that expand the functions of CETP to new areas of interest such as Alzheimer's disease, inflammation, and obesity. © 2011 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 63(4): 272–276, 2011
Layer‐by‐layer assembly of chitosan and platelet monoclonal antibody to improve biocompatibility and release character of PLLA coated stent
Authors: Luo L. L. , Wang G. X. , Li Y. L. , Yin T. Y. , Jiang T. , Ruan C. G. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe aim of this study is to construct a biocompatible coating of a drug‐eluting stent through the incorporation of chitosan with monoclonal antibody (mAb) to a platelet glycoprotein (GP) IIIa receptor, by electrostatic layer‐by‐layer (LBL) adsorption of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes and proteins. The platelet maximum aggregation rate and aggregation inhibition rate tests confirm the bioactivity of mAb in different pH assembly environments. The fluorescence spectra test and confocal laser scanning microscopy observation were used to monitor the LBL assembly process of the mAb/chitosan multilayer on the surface of the aminolyzed Poly‐L‐lactic acid (PLLA) membrane, when using Rhodamine B isothiocyanate‐labeled mAb and Fluorescein isothiocyanate‐labeled chitosan. The in vitro platelet adhesion experiment demonstrated the amicable blood compatibility of the mAb/chitosan multilayer. The endothelial cell adhesion and migration test revealed that the multilayer could improve the cytocompatibility of the PLLA matrix in terms of cell attachment, proliferation, and migration. An in vitro perfusion circuit was designed to evaluate the release rates measured by a radioisotope technique with 125I‐labeled GP IIIa mAb. The different eluting curves of the mAb/chitosan‐assembled stent and mAb physically absorbed stent showed the improvement of mAb's release character when using LBL self‐assembly technology. Our method to prepare a biocompatible stent surface with mAb/chitosan multilayers has proved to be favorable and effective in vitro, thus justifying further evaluation to improve the biocompatibility in an animal model test. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 2011.
Effects of surface wettability, flow, and protein concentration on macrophage and astrocyte adhesion in an in vitro model of central nervous system catheter obstruction
Authors: Harris Carolyn A. , Resau James H. , Hudson Eric A. , West Richard A. , Moon Candice , Black Andrew D. , McAllister James P. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractWhile silicone devices have vastly improved an array of medical treatments, reactions at the tissue‐substrate interface often impede their functionality. Insertion of a poly(dimethyl)siloxane (PDMS) catheter into the cerebral ventricles to drain excess cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is the most common treatment of hydrocephalus, but shunting often fails because inflammatory tissue, choroid plexus cells, and debris grow into these central nervous system catheters and obstruct flow. We hypothesized that plasma oxidation of PDMS would inhibit macrophage and astrocyte adhesion under flow (0 to 0.3 mL/min) and protein (20.8 to 240 mg/dL) conditions similar to those observed in the physiological state. Oxidation (to increase wettability) had an inhibitory effect on macrophage cell binding (yielding a significant 88% change) that was generally more pronounced than the effect of flow (22% change) or protein concentration (3% change). In contrast, greater flow increased binding of astrocytes in most cases (yielding a significant 97% change); plasma oxidation (19% change), and protein concentration (60% change) had less pronounced effects. This study is the initial indicator that plasma oxidation of PDMS catheters may inhibit macrophage adhesion during CSF outflow but may not be as effective at inhibiting astrocyte binding. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 2011.
Biochemical methane potential (BMP) of solid organic substrates: evaluation of anaerobic biodegradability using data from an international interlaboratory study
Authors: Raposo F. , Fernández‐Cegrí V. , De la Rubia M.A. , Borja R. , Béline F. , Cavinato C. , Demirer G. , Fernández B. , Fernández‐Polanco M. , Frigon J.C. , Ganesh R. , Kaparaju P. , Koubova J. , Méndez R. , Menin G. , Peene A. , Scherer P. , Torrijos M. , Uellendahl H. , Wierinck I. , de Wilde V. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND: This paper describes results obtained for different participating research groups in an interlaboratory study related to biochemical methane potential (BMP). In this research work, all experimental conditions influencing the test such as inoculum, substrate characteristics and experimental conditions were investigated. The study was performed using four substrates: three positive control substrates (starch, cellulose and gelatine), and one raw biomass material (mung bean) at two different inoculum to substrate ratios (ISR).RESULTS: The average methane yields for starch, cellulose, gelatine and mung bean at ISR of 2 and 1 were 350 ± 33, 350 ± 29, 380 ± 42, 370 ± 36 and 370 ± 35 mL CH4 g−1 VSadded, respectively. The percentages of biotransformation of these substrates into methane were 85 ± 8, 85 ± 7, 88 ± 9, 85 ± 8 and 85 ± 8%, respectively. On the other hand, the first‐order rate constants obtained from the experimental data were 0.24 ± 0.14, 0.23 ± 0.15, 0.27 ± 0.13, 0.31 ± 0.17 and 0.23 ± 0.13 d−1, respectively.CONCLUSION: The influence of inocula and experimental factors was nearly insignificant with respect to the extents of the anaerobic biodegradation, while the rates differed significantly according to the experimental approaches. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
A redescription ofCarrolla craddocki(Lepospondyli: Brachystelechidae) based on high‐resolution CT, and the impacts of miniaturization and fossoriality on morphology
Authors: Maddin Hillary C. , Olori Jennifer C. , Anderson Jason S. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractSome recent morphological analyses have brought into question the monophyly of Lissamphibia (frogs, salamanders, and caecilians). In these analyses, brachystelechid “microsaurs” are found to be sister group to caecilians. To test this hypothesis, the holotype specimen of the brachystelechidCarrolla craddockiwas submitted to high‐resolution X‐ray computed tomography to gain insight into the nature of the morphology supporting the potential relationship between brachystelechids and caecilians. This analysis enabled us to conduct a detailed description of the internal anatomy such as the braincase and otic capsule endocast (the first of its kind for a lepospondyl), and new information regarding the architecture of the skull. Our results suggest brachystelechid cranial morphology is strongly influenced by miniaturization (enlarged sensory organs, anterior placement of the jaw articulation, and combination of both reduced‐ and hyper‐ossifications) and burrowing habits (co‐ossified braincase with broad, sloping occipital surface, overlapping joints between skull roof bones, and well‐ossified anterior braincase). Characteristics of brachystelechids that appear unrelated to size‐reduction and burrowing are the diamond‐shaped skull and possible pedicellate dentition. We provide a revised diagnosis forCarrollaand identify possible new characters within the anatomy of the braincase and inner ear. Several characters currently uniting caecilians and “microsaurs” are among those associated with either miniaturization or burrowing, demonstrating that future efforts should continue to focus on fine details of anatomy minimally affected by these influences to contribute to the resolution of the question of the origin of caecilians. J. Morphol. 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Elevated tonic extracellular dopamine concentration and altered dopamine modulation of synaptic activity precede dopamine loss in the striatum of mice overexpressing human α‐synuclein
Authors: Lam Hoa A. , Wu Nanping , Cely Ingrid , Kelly Rachel L. , Hean Sindalana , Richter Franziska , Magen Iddo , Cepeda Carlos , Ackerson Larry C. , Walwyn Wendy , Masliah Eliezer , Chesselet Marie‐Françoise , Levine Michael S. , Maidment Nigel T. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractOverexpression or mutation of α‐synuclein (α‐Syn), a protein associated with presynaptic vesicles, causes familial forms of Parkinson's disease in humans and is also associated with sporadic forms of the disease. We used in vivo microdialysis, tissue content analysis, behavioral assessment, and whole‐cell patch clamp recordings from striatal medium‐sized spiny neurons (MSSNs) in slices to examine dopamine transmission and dopaminergic modulation of corticostriatal synaptic function in mice overexpressing human wild‐type α‐Syn under the Thy1 promoter (α‐Syn mice). Tonic striatal extracellular dopamine and 3‐methoxytyramine levels were elevated in α‐Syn mice at 6 months of age, prior to any reduction in total striatal tissue content, and were accompanied by an increase in open‐field activity. Dopamine clearance and amphetamine‐induced dopamine efflux were unchanged. The frequency of MSSN spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSCs) was lower in α‐Syn mice. Amphetamine reduced sEPSC frequency in wild types (WTs) but produced no effect in α‐Syn mice. Furthermore, whereas quinpirole reduced and sulpiride increased sEPSC frequency in WT mice, they produced the opposite effects in α‐Syn mice. These observations indicate that overexpression of α‐Syn alters dopamine efflux and D2 receptor modulation of corticostriatal glutamate release at a young age. At 14 months of age, the α‐Syn mice presented with significantly lower striatal tissue dopamine and tyrosine hydroxylase content relative to WT littermates, accompanied by an L‐DOPA‐reversible sensory motor deficit. Together, these data further validate this transgenic mouse line as a slowly progressing model of Parkinson's disease and provide evidence for early dopamine synaptic dysfunction prior to loss of striatal dopamine. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Decrease of calbindin‐d28k, calretinin, and parvalbumin by taurine treatment does not induce a major susceptibility to kainic acid
Authors: Junyent F. , Porquet D. , de Lemos L. , Romero R. , Utrera J. , Camins A. , Pallàs M. , Auladell C. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractTaurine, 2‐aminoethanesulfonic acid, is present at high concentrations in many invertebrate and vertebrate systems, and it has several biological functions. In addition, it has been related to a neuroprotective role against several diseases, such as epilepsy. It has been reported that taurine induces a decrease of calbindin‐D28k, calretinin, and parvalbumin protein levels in the hippocampus 3 days after administration. In the present work we hypothesized that the decrease of these proteins could alter the action of kainic acid (KA) and make mice more susceptible to excitotoxicity. Therefore, we treated mice with taurine and after 3 days treated them with KA. The results showed that taurine pretreatment did not induce a major susceptibility to KA. Moreover, neurodegeneration was reduced in pretreated mice. However, astrogliosis was similar to that observed in mice treated only with KA. The immunohistochemistries for calbindin‐D28k, calretinin, and parvalbumin showed that these proteins were reduced as a consequence of KA treatment and of taurine treatment. However, mice pretreated with taurine prior to KA administration presented the same reduction in these proteins as mice treated with only taurine or only KA. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The NAD+/NADH redox state in astrocytes: Independent control of the NAD+ and NADH content
Authors: Wilhelm Franziska , Hirrlinger Johannes 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe intracellular redox state is established by several redox pairs, such as NAD+/NADH and NADP+/NADPH and glutathione. This redox state is a crucial determinant of cellular metabolism and function. Astrocytes are an important cell population contributing to brain metabolism and brain energy supply, so a careful control of these redox pairs is essential for proper brain function. Despite this, little is known about control of the NAD+ and NADH content within the brain or in astrocytes. Therefore, we here analyzed the NAD+ and NADH content of mouse tissue and cultured cortical astrocytes. The NAD+/NADH ratio increased in most tissues during development from newborn to adult mice. The basal redox ratio of cultured astrocytes was about 3.8 and similar to the redox ratio of the cortex of newborn mice. Although the NADH content of these cells was highly sensitive to the concentration of energy substrates and to modulation of energy metabolism, the NAD+ content was surprisingly constant under these conditions. In contrast, application of nicotine amide or nicotinamide mononucleotide, which are precursors for NAD+ biosynthesis, slowly increased NAD+ content while leaving NADH levels unaffected. Finally, inhibiting the NAD+‐degrading enzyme poly‐(ADP‐ribose)‐polymerase increased NAD+ content slightly without affecting NADH levels, whereas inhibition of sirtuins had no effect. These results indicate that, in addition to converting NAD+ to NADH and vice versa during redox reactions, the content of both partners of this redox pair is additionally controlled by other mechanisms. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Strawberry recovers from iron chlorosis after foliar application of a grass‐clipping extract
Authors: Pestana Maribela , Domingos Irina , Gama Florinda , Dandlen Susana , Miguel Maria Graça , Castro Pinto João , de Varennes Amarilis , Correia Pedro José 
Published: April 2011

AbstractBare‐root transplants of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch. cv. Selva) were transferred to nutrient solutions with or without iron. After 35 d of growth, plants in the solution without iron became chlorotic and had morphological changes in roots typical of iron‐deficiency chlorosis (IDC). Acidification of the nutrient solution was also observed. We tested a grass‐clipping extract to correct IDC in strawberry plants by foliar application to some chlorotic plants. We also assessed the effects of this product on plant growth, Fe allocation, as well as morphological and physiological parameters related with IDC. After the second spray, leaf chlorophyll increased in the youngest expanded leaves. The total content of iron in plants increased from 1.93 mg to 2.37 mg per plant after three sprays, accounting for 80% of the total iron supplied by the extract. Newly formed roots from sprayed plants had a normal morphology (no subapical swollen zone) but a higher ferric chelate–reductase (FC‐R; EC 1.16.1.17) activity per root apex compared with roots from plants grown with iron or untreated chlorotic plants. Acidification of the nutrient solution continued in sprayed recovered plants. The results suggest an uncoupling of the regulation of morphological and physiological mechanisms related to IDC: FC‐R activity seems to be controlled by roots on their own or together with shoots, while morphological changes in roots are apparently regulated only by the level of iron in shoots.
Rapidly progressive diffuse Lewy body disease
Authors: Gaig Carles , Valldeoriola Francesc , Gelpi Ellen , Ezquerra Mario , Llufriu Sara , Buongiorno Mariateresa , Rey Maria Jesús , Martí Maria Jose , Graus Francesc , Tolosa Eduardo 
Published: April 2011

AbstractBackground:Lewy body syndromes (mainly Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies) share many clinical features and usually have a slowly progressive course. Some patients may show rapid symptoms progression.Objective:To evaluate clinical and neuropathological features of patients with a rapidly progressive diffuse Lewy Body disease.Methods:Review clinical records and pathological findings of 6 cases with diffuse Lewy Body disease and rapid disease progression (less than 18 months before death).Results:Mean age at disease onset was 72.5 years, and mean disease duration was 9 months. Onset consisted of delirium in 3 patients and rapidly progressive dementia in the other three. All cases presented visual hallucinations and delusions; cognitive symptoms were fluctuating in two, parkinsonism occurred in four, and myoclonus in three. Brain MRI did not show cortical or basal ganglia hyperintensities. Periodic sharp waves were absent on EEG. 14.3.3 protein in CSF was negative. Myocardial 123I‐metaiodo‐benzyl‐guanidine SPECT showed marked reduction in tracer uptake in the 2 patients tested. Neuropathological studies did not identify any particular feature that could differentiate rapidly progressive diffuse Lewy body disease from classical diffuse Lewy body disease.Conclusions:Diffuse Lewy body disease is a possible cause of rapidly progressive dementia and should be included in the differential diagnosis of confusional states of undetermined cause. In patients with rapidly progressive dementia, the presence of fluctuating cognition, parkinsonism, hallucinations, delusions, or severe dysautonomia, should raise the suspicion of diffuse Lewy body disease. Neuroimaging studies such as 123I‐metaiodo‐benzyl‐guanidine myocardial scintigraphy may support the clinical diagnosis of diffuse Lewy body disease. © 2011 Movement Disorder Society
Tourette syndrome: Evolving concepts
Authors: Jankovic Joseph , Kurlan Roger 
Published: April 2011

AbstractTourette syndrome is a common childhood‐onset neurobehavioral disorder characterized by multiple motor and phonic tics affecting boys more frequently than girls. Premonitory sensory urges prior to tic execution are common, and this phenomenon helps to distinguish tics from other hyperkinetic movement disorders. Tourette syndrome is commonly associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, obsessive‐compulsive disorder, learning difficulties, and impulse control disorder. The pathophysiology of this complex disorder is not well understood. Involvement of basal ganglia–related circuits and dopaminergic system has been suggested by various imaging and postmortem studies. Although it is considered a genetic disorder, possibly modified by environmental factors, an intense search has thus far failed to find causative genes. Symptomatic treatment of tics chiefly utilizes various alpha adrenergic agonists, antidopaminergic drugs, topiramate, botulinum toxin, and deep brain stimulation. Habit reversal therapy and other behavioral approaches may be a reasonable option for some cases. Improved understanding of Tourette syndrome should lead to better symptomatic and more effective pathogenesis‐targeted therapies. © 2011 Movement Disorder Society
Tissue–blood exchange of extravascular longitudinal magnetization with account of intracompartmental diffusion
Authors: Ureña José R. Solera , Olmos Salvador , Kiselev Valerij G. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe joint effect of both extravascular water diffusion and transcapillary water exchange on the longitudinal magnetisation is evaluated theoretically for tissues with sparse capillary networks (e.g., the brain and myocardium). The spatio‐temporal profile of the extravascular longitudinal magnetisation is calculated for the limiting case of a high blood concentration of paramagnetic tracer resulting in negligible intravascular magnetisation, hence in a net flux of magnetisation from the extravascular tissue to its contained blood. A related parameter, termed the effective extravascular depolarised volume, is derived that quantifies the ensuing attenuation of the NMR signal and affords a taxonomy of exchange regimes. It is found that the spatio‐temporal pattern of magnetisation decay may deviate strongly from that predicted by chemical exchange models when the rate of transcapillary exchange is limited by slow diffusive transport in the extravascular tissue but reproduces known results in the case of fast extravascular diffusion. Magn Reson Med, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Detection of microscopic diffusion anisotropy on a whole‐body MR system with double wave vector imaging
Authors: Lawrenz Marco , Finsterbusch Jürgen 
Published: April 2011

AbstractDouble‐wave‐vector diffusion‐weighting experiments can detect diffusion anisotropy on a microscopic level which, e.g., could distinguish lower fiber densities from reduced fiber coherence. The underlying signal difference between parallel and orthogonal wave vector orientations has been observed on vertical‐bore MR systems (≥500 mT m−1); however, numerical simulations reveal that it is expected to be considerably reduced for typical whole‐body MR gradient pulse durations. Here, pig spinal cord tissue and a reference fluid phantom were investigated on a 3 T clinical MR system (40 mT m−1). By averaging over different absolute wave vector orientations, signal variations caused by experimental imperfections like background gradient fields and eddy currents were minimized and a rotationally invariant anisotropy measure could be assessed. A significant microscopic anisotropy was observed in gray and white matter tissue even in the plane perpendicular to the cord which is consistent with previous vertical‐bore experiments. Thus, it is demonstrated that double‐wave‐vector experiments can investigate the microscopic anisotropy on whole‐body MR systems. Magn Reson Med, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.