bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the resilience development of secondary school English teacher-researchers: a Chinese case study
Authors: Gu Haibo , Wang Siyi , Chen Xiaofeng , Wang Qian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTeacher education research has recognised the importance of teacher resilience. However, the development of language teacher-researchers resilience remains in its early stages. To address this gap, this study adopted a qualitative approach to explore the resilience development of two Chinese secondary school English teacher-researchers and its contributing factors. Data from interviews and case documents indicated that teacher-researchers resilience was dynamic and developed over time. Two different patterns of resilience development were identified: low-to-high and W-shaped recovery. Furthermore, individual and environmental factors and their interactions jointly contributed to the resilience development of the two secondary school English teacher-researchers. Their participation in classroom research provided them with diverse ways to sustain their resilience. The implications for teacher development are offered to teachers in China and other similar contexts.
Rewriting American uniqueness
Authors: Bouyahi Imen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBarack Obama is widely held to be the first sitting president to explicitly articulate the rhetoric of American exceptionalism. This paper uses the framing analysis methodology to explore his reconstruction of the exceptional American identity in a set of his public speeches and statements. It analyses the framing devices, such as lexical choices, metaphors and catchphrases, as well as the reasoning devices he used to reproduce new representations of American exceptionalism. Results point that Barack Obama’s ideational construct of American uniqueness resists the taken-for-granted narrative of America as a nation better than the rest of the world. His framing of the exceptional American identity is rather deeply rooted in John Winthrop’s image of the conditional shining of the city upon a hill. It conveys meanings of responsibility, hard work and commitment to common good as conditions for the fulfilment of an exceptionally “leading American self”. This paper contributes to both literatures on the discursive performance of the idea of American exceptionalism in the discourse of Barack Obama and the ongoing process of defining and redefining such a highly contested value in the American political discourse.
Saying “sorry” in online language
Authors: Yang Jia 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This study conducts a pragmatic analysis of 192 apologies that were made by retailers in response to customer complaints posted on a leading Chinese online shopping website. Each collected apology is coded for the components of the apology and the strategies used to build rapport. The choice of the apology components and the exhibited rapport-building strategies are interpreted in the light of wider work in the field of politeness in Chinese. Results of this study extend the pragmatic analyses of public apologies by identifying the distinctive features of apologies occurring on Chinese online shopping websites, i.e., relatively infrequent use of the statement of responsibility and the greater use of offers of repair. Although the language on Chinese online shopping websites is often considered informal, the study found that a number of linguistic components are used by the online sellers as forms of politeness to repair the relationship with the complainers.
Political Satire and Collective Reproduction: The Power of Political Nicknames in Hong Kong
Authors: Kwong Ying-ho 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe existing literature on political satire has focused primarily on the effects on audiences and their responses to satirical messages, neglecting the exploration of the implications of these effects. This article takes a reproduction perspective and argues that audiences regenerate and spread satirical messages to continuously denounce a political figure. By examining the circulation of “689,” the humorous nickname of former chief executive C. Y. Leung in Hong Kong, this article introduces a new conceptual framework called the “collective reproduction” process, which includes three processes: (1) production, (2) circulation, and (3) reproduction. This framework is used to analyze how the opposition effectively utilized this nickname to criticize the leader throughout his term of office. Theoretical contributions include providing political satire with an ongoing approach that facilitates its circulation. Empirically, the case of Hong Kong enriches the understanding of opposition movements within the context of political satire.
A novel 3D magnetic circuit method for calculating shielding factors of rectangular magnetically shielded rooms
Authors: Lu Yan , Qiu Shengjie , Sun Jinji , Zhang Lu , Tang Jiqiang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Rectangular magnetically shielded rooms (MSRs) are favored for their construction simplicity and efficient space usage. However, current rectangular MSRs lack an effective shielding factor (SF) theoretical system due to their inherent asymmetric geometry and process defects such as door gap. Therefore, an effective three-dimensional (3D) magnetic circuit method for calculating the SF of rectangular MSRs is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the theoretical model for the 3D magnetic circuit of rectangular MSRs is established, and the SF in three directions is derived. Secondly, the theoretical model is modified by introducing demagnetization factors to further improve the calculation accuracy of the SF based on the magnetization theory. Finally, formula systems for the SF considering door gap are derived, and their effect is also analyzed. To validate the proposed method, two rectangular MSRs with distinct structures are tested using a constructed experimental platform. The results show that the discrepancy between the calculated SF and the tested SF is less than 7%, affirming the efficacy of the proposed methodology. This method can be applied to rectangular MSRs of different sizes, and provide a valuable theoretical guidance for the construction of MSRs.
Lithium titanate synaptic device imitating lithium-ion battery structure
Authors: Liao Ye , Chen Gongying , Yu Jiulong , Huang Wei , Lin Guangyang , Wang Jianyuan , Xu Jianfang , Li Cheng , Chen Songyan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
With the growing prevalence of neuromorphic computing algorithms, there is a growing need for electronic synaptic devices. In this study, using Li4+x
Ti5O12 (LTO) as the resistive switching layer, C as the lithium ions storage layer, and Li1+x
Al
x
Ti2−x
(PO4)3 (LATP) as ions transmission layer, a synaptic device is designed with the structure of Pt/C/LATP/LTO/PtSi to imitate the lithium-ion battery. Variation of the thickness of the LATP layer in the LTO device is explored to show the impact on the device’s synaptic performance. With a LATP thickness of 100 nm, the LTO synaptic device exhibits a high potentiation/depression cyclic stability of over 50 cycles, improved potentiation/depression linearity and smoothness. The synaptic potentiation/depression is ascribed to migration of lithium ions from the LTO layer. A conductance relaxation characteristic of the device is explained by battery self-discharge phenomenon. The battery effect in the LTO device also led to generation of electromotive force. The study of battery-imitating LTO synaptic device offers new perspectives on the connection between battery and analog synaptic device.
Majorana fermions in Kitaev chains side-coupled to normal metals
Authors: Soori Abhiram 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Majorana fermions, exotic particles with potential applications in quantum computing, have garnered significant interest in condensed matter physics. The Kitaev model serves as a fundamental framework for investigating the emergence of Majorana fermions in one-dimensional systems. We explore the intriguing question of whether Majorana fermions can arise in a normal metal (NM) side-coupled to a Kitaev chain (KC) in the topologically trivial phase. Our findings reveal affirmative evidence, further demonstrating that the KC, when in the topological phase, can induce additional Majorana fermions in the neighboring NM region. Through extensive parameter analysis, we uncover the potential for zero, one, or two pairs of Majorana fermions in a KC side-coupled to an NM. Additionally, we investigate the impact of magnetic flux on the system and calculate the winding number -a topological invariant used to characterize topological phases.
Different KNN parameters on road surface extraction from UAV-based point cloud under several machine learning algorithms
Authors: Biçici Serkan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Accurate road surface from a three-dimensional (3D) point cloud depends on various parameters. One crucial parameter is the set of point features. Point features enable classification by capturing characteristics of the surface on which the points are located. These features are calculated based on the closest points surrounding each point. In this study, the K-nearest neighbors algorithm (KNN) was applied to identify these closest points. The KNN algorithm requires only one input, the number of closest points (k). Eight different point features were developed using different k values, and their impact on road surface classification from the 3D point cloud was investigated. It was observed that there is no significant improvement in classification accuracy until a certain k value. However, better classification accuracy was achieved after a certain k value. The effect of different k values was also investigated under different training sample structures and machine learning (ML) algorithms. When training samples were selected from a single location as a large group, similar classification accuracy was obtained across different k values. Conversely, when training samples were chosen from various regions in smaller groups rather than a single large group, improved classification was observed as the k value increased. Additionally, it was noted that five different ML algorithms-random forest, support vector machine, generalized linear model, linear discriminant analysis, and robust linear discriminant analysis-have almost similar performance under different k values. Finally, using the optimum k value, improvements of up to 4.543% and 6.601% in accuracy and quality measures, respectively, were found.
Silver-nanoparticle-modified nanocellulose synthesized by pyroligneous acid: cytotoxicity towards HaCat cells
Authors: Medeiros Lúcio C D , Sant’Anna Celso , Ferreira Veronica S , Gasparotto Luiz H S 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In the present study, pyroligneous acid, also known as wood vinegar, has been employed as reducing and stabilizing agent in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) anchored on nanocellulose (NC). The idea is to confer the latter bactericidal properties for its typical uses such as in cosmetics and food-packing. It has been demonstrated that AgNPs can be directly produced onto NC in one-pot fashion while dramatically enhancing the kinetics of AgNPs synthesis (2 h for reaction completion) in comparison to the NC-less counterpart (10 days for reaction completion). Furthermore, NC allowed for a narrower size distribution of AgNPs. NC-supported and non-supported AgNPs had sizes of 5.1 ± 1.6 nm and 16.7 ± 4.62 nm, respectively. Immortalized human keratinocytes (HaCat) cells were then employed as model to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the AgNPs-NC compound. The latter was found not to impact cell proliferation at any formulation, while decreasing the viability by only 6.8% after 72 h. This study contributes to the development of more environmentally benign routes to produce nanomaterials and to the understanding of their impact on cells.
Si anode with high initial Coulombic efficiency, long cycle life, and superior rate capability by integrated utilization of graphene and pitch-based carbon
Authors: Li Hai , Li Zhao , Qi Jie , Wang Ziyang , Liu Song , Long Yu , Tan Yan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
A variety of strategies have been developed to enhance the cycling stability of Si-based anodes in lithium-ion batteries. Although significant progress has been made in enhancing the cycling stability of Si-based anodes, the low initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE) remains a significant challenge to their commercial application. Herein, pitch-based carbon (C) coated Si nanoparticles (NPs) were wrapped by graphene (G) to obtain Si@C/G composite with a small specific surface area of 11.3 m2 g−1, resulting in a high ICE of 91.2% at 500 mA g−1. Moreover, the integrated utilization of graphene and soft carbon derived from the low-cost petroleum pitch strongly promotes the electrical conductivity, structure stability, and reaction kinetics of Si NPs. Consequently, the synthesized Si@C/G with a Si loading of 54.7% delivers large reversible capacity (1191 mAh g−1 at 500 mA g−1), long cycle life over 200 cycles (a capacity retention of 87.1%), and superior rate capability (952 mAh g−1 at 1500 mA g−1). When coupled with a homemade LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811) cathode in a full cell, it exhibits a promising cycling stability for 200 cycles. This work presents an innovative approach for the manufacture of Si-based anode materials with commercial application.
Impurity transport study based on measurement of visible wavelength high-n charge exchange transitions at W7-X
Authors: Swee Colin , Geiger Benedikt , Ford Oliver , Nornberg Mark , O’Mullane Martin , Poloskei Peter , Reimold Felix , Romba Thilo , Wegner Thomas ,   the W7-X Team
Published: June 2024

Abstract
A recently installed high-speed charge exchange diagnostic at the W7-X stellarator has been used to identify several high-n Rydberg emission lines near 500 nm following impurity injections. The wavelengths of observed high-n Rydberg transitions are independent of the impurity species and originate from ions with ionization states ranging from 14+ to 45+ suggesting that this approach can be applied to a variety of heavy impurities. Moreover, little to no passive signal is observed since the high-n energy levels are unlikely to be populated by electron impact excitation. The combination of the newly developed diagnostic and the observation of high-n Rydberg states provides spatially resolved, high-speed measurements of multiple charge states which are analyzed in a Bayesian inference framework to determine both impurity diffusion and convection profiles. Measurements from the 2023 experimental campaign conclusively show high diffusion and an inward pinch in the core, well above predictions by neoclassical theory.
The Negotiation of Differences in Faith on Board Cargo Vessels
Authors: Sampson Helen , Turgo Nelson , Cadge Wendy , Gilliat-Ray Sophie 
Published: June 2024

AbstractChapter 4 draws on shipboard observations and seafarers’ own accounts to describe how they frame and understand their own shipboard behaviours and how they navigate the tricky interactional terrain associated with working in strongly hierarchical mixed-nationality and mixed-faith crews. In many cases, this involves suppressing religious expression and practice, to an extent, and, in some cases, suppressing moral codes and deviating from pious behaviours in order to conform and ‘fit in’. The significance of faith is therefore obscured from ‘public’ view on board a vessel, yet, for many seafarers, faith plays a vital role in helping them to endure the harsh characteristics of a life at sea and to process and cope with the fear that is regularly associated with what is widely understood to be a dangerous occupation.
Easy recognition and high autoimmune hepatitis specificity of smooth muscle antibodies giving an actin microfilament immunofluorescent pattern on embryonal vascular smooth muscle cells
Authors: Granito Alessandro , Muratori Paolo , Pappas Georgios , Lenzi Marco , Czaja Albert J , Muratori Luigi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Smooth muscle antibodies (SMA) with anti-microfilament actin (MF-SMA) specificity are regarded as highly specific markers of type 1 autoimmune hepatitis (AIH-1) but their recognition relying on immunofluorescence of vessel, glomeruli, and tubules (SMA-VGT pattern) in rodent kidney tissue, is restricted by operator-dependent interpretation. A gold standard method for their identification is not available. We assessed and compared the diagnostic accuracy for AIH-1 of an embryonal aorta vascular smooth muscle (VSM) cell line-based assay with those of the rodent tissue-based assay for the detection of MF-SMA pattern in AIH-1 patients and controls. Sera from 138 AIH-1 patients and 295 controls (105 primary biliary cholangitis, 40 primary sclerosing cholangitis, 50 chronic viral hepatitis, 20 alcohol-related liver disease, 40 steatotic liver disease, and 40 healthy controls) were assayed for MF-SMA and SMA-VGT using VSM-based and rodent tissue-based assays, respectively. MF-SMA and SMA-VGT were found in 96 (70%) and 87 (63%) AIH-1 patients, and 2 controls (P &lt; 0.0001). Compared with SMA-VGT, MF-SMA showed similar specificity (99%), higher sensitivity (70% vs 63%, P = ns) and likelihood ratio for a positive test (70 vs 65). Nine (7%) AIH-1 patients were MF-SMA positive despite being SMA-VGT negative. Overall agreement between SMA-VGT and MF-SMA was 87% (kappa coefficient 0.870, [0.789–0.952]). MF-SMA were associated with higher serum γ-globulin [26 (12–55) vs 20 g/l (13–34), P &lt; 0.005] and immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels [3155 (1296–7344) vs 2050 mg/dl (1377–3357), P &lt; 0.002]. The easily recognizable IFL MF-SMA pattern on VSM cells strongly correlated with SMA-VGT and has an equally high specificity for AIH-1. Confirmation of these results in other laboratories would support the clinical application of the VSM cell-based assay for reliable detection of AIH-specific SMA.
Functional near-infrared spectroscopy-based neurofeedback training regulates time-on-task effects and enhances sustained cognitive performance
Authors: Xu Jiayu , Zhang Wenchao , Yu Juan , Li Guanya , Cui Jianqi , Qi Haowen , Zhang Minmin , Li Mengshan , Hu Yang , Wang Haoyi , Min Huaqiao , Xu Fenggang , Xu Xiaodan , Zhu Chaozhe , Xiao Yi , Zhang Yi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Time-on-task effect is a common consequence of long-term cognitive demand work, which reflects reduced behavioral performance and increases the risk of accidents. Neurofeedback is a neuromodulation method that can guide individuals to regulate their brain activity and manifest as changes in related symptoms and cognitive behaviors. This study aimed to examine the effects of functional near-infrared spectroscopy-based neurofeedback training on time-on-task effects and sustained cognitive performance. A randomized, single-blind, sham-controlled study was performed: 17 participants received feedback signals of their own dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activity (neurofeedback group), and 16 participants received feedback signals of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activity from the neurofeedback group (sham-neurofeedback group). All participants received 5 neurofeedback training sessions and completed 2 sustained cognitive tasks, including a 2-back task and a psychomotor vigilance task, to evaluate behavioral performance changes following neurofeedback training. Results showed that neurofeedback relative to the sham-neurofeedback group exhibited increased dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activation, increased accuracy in the 2-back task, and decreased mean response time in the psychomotor vigilance task after neurofeedback training. In addition, the neurofeedback group showed slower decline performance during the sustained 2-back task after neurofeedback training compared with sham-neurofeedback group. These findings demonstrate that neurofeedback training could regulate time-on-task effects on difficult task and enhance performance on sustained cognitive tasks by increasing dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activity.
Applying machine learning to characterize and extrapolate the relationship between seismic structure and surface heat flow
Authors: Zhang Shane , Ritzwoller Michael H 
Published: June 2024

SUMMARY
Geothermal heat flow beneath the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets is an important boundary condition for ice sheet dynamics, but is rarely measured directly and therefore is inferred indirectly from proxies (e.g. seismic structure, magnetic Curie depth, surface topography). We seek to improve the understanding of the relationship between heat flow and one such proxy—seismic structure—and determine how well heat flow data can be predicted from the structure (the characterization problem). We also seek to quantify the extent to which this relationship can be extrapolated from one continent to another (the transportability problem). To address these problems, we use direct heat flow observations and new seismic structural information in the contiguous United States and Europe, and construct three Machine Learning models of the relationship with different levels of complexity (Linear Regression, Decision Tree and Random Forest). We compare these models in terms of their interpretability, the predicted heat flow accuracy within a continent and the accuracy of the extrapolation between Europe and the United States. The Random Forest and Decision Tree models are the most accurate within a continent, while the Linear Regression and Decision Tree models are the most accurate upon extrapolation between continents. The Decision Tree model uniquely illuminates the regional variations of the relationship between heat flow and seismic structure. From the Decision Tree model, uppermost mantle shear wave speed, crustal shear wave speed and Moho depth together explain more than half of the observed heat flow variations in both the United States [$r^2 \approx 0.6$ (coefficient of determination), $\mathrm{RMSE} \approx 8\, {\rm mW}\,{\rm m}^{-2}$ (Root Mean Squared Error)] and Europe ($r^2 \approx 0.5, \mathrm{RMSE} \approx 13\, {\rm mW}\,{\rm m}^{-2}$), such that uppermost mantle shear wave speed is the most important. Extrapolating the U.S.-trained models to Europe reasonably predicts the geographical distribution of heat flow [$\rho = 0.48$ (correlation coefficient)], but not the absolute amplitude of the variations ($r^2 = 0.17$), similarly from Europe to the United States ($\rho = 0.66, r^2 = 0.24$). The deterioration of accuracy upon extrapolation is caused by differences between the continents in how seismic structure is imaged, the heat flow data and intrinsic crustal radiogenic heat production. Our methods have the potential to improve the reliability and resolution of heat flow inferences across Antarctica and the validation and cross-validation procedures we present can be applied to heat flow proxies other than seismic structure, which may help resolve inconsistencies between existing subglacial heat flow values inferred using different proxies.