bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of high-precision time transfer method enhanced by PPP-AR/PPP-RTK
Authors: Liu Mingyue , Tu Rui , Chen Qiushi , Li Qi , Chen Junmei , Zhang Pengfei , Lu Xiaochun 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
With the ongoing advancements in the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), the technology for high-precision time transfer facilitated by GNSS has also become increasingly refined. This paper aims to investigate the contribution of information-enhanced GNSS PPP to time transfer performance, with a focus on the comprehensive evaluation and analysis of the time transfer performance of PPP-AR and PPP-RTK. Using GPS as a case study, experimental results indicate that the average success fixing rate of PPP integer ambiguity resolution across five stations is 94%. Using the standard deviation for stability assessment, the analysis reveals that the stability of the station clock offset sequence of PPP-AR is superior to that of PPP floating solution. In comparison to the PPP floating solution, the average improvement of PPP-AR stability is 17%. Furthermore, using PPP-AR for time transfer improves the stability of the time transfer link clock offset sequence and also reduces its noise level. Moreover, different types of time transfer links exhibit varying degrees of improvement. The stability has been increased by 14% on average, and the noise level has been improved by 9% on average. Additionally,` the Allan deviation is employed to assess the frequency stability. The findings indicate that the frequency stability of the fixed solution is superior to that of the float solution. PPP-RTK also enhances the stability, noise level and frequency stability of time transfer even better than PPP-AR. Nevertheless, as the reference network scale increases, the accuracy of the interpolated atmospheric delay correction diminishes, impacting the performance of PPP-RTK.
Ultrathin carbon film as ultrafast rechargeable cathode for hybrid sodium dual-ion capacitor
Authors: Liu Zhaomeng , Fu Shizheng , Wang Shuran , An Pengyan , Dong Mohan , Wang Zidan , Yang Hao , Zhang Yilong , Gong Zhiqing , He Kunyang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The development of electrochemical energy storage devices has a decisive impact on clean renewable energy. Herein, novel ultrafast rechargeable hybrid sodium dual-ion capacitors (HSDICs) were designed by using ultrathin carbon film (UCF) as the cathode material. The UCF is synthesized by a simple low temperature catalytic route followed by an acid leaching process. UCF owns a large adsorption interface and number of additional active sites, which is due to the nitrogen doping. In addition, there exists several short-range order carbons on the surface of UCF, which are beneficial for anionic storage. An ultrafast rechargeable remarkable performance, remarkable anion hybrid storage capability and outstanding structure stability is fully tapped employing UCF as cathode for HSDICs. The electrochemical performance of UCF in a half-cell system at the operating voltage between 1.0 and 4.8 V, achieving an admirable specific discharge capacity of 358.52 mAh·g−1 at 500 mA·g−1, and a high capacity retention ratio of 98.42% after cycling 2500 times at 1000 mA·g−1, respectively. Besides, with the support of ex-situ TEM and EDS mapping, the structural stability principle and anionic hybrid storage mechanism of UCF electrode are investigated in depth. In the full-cell system, HSDICs with the UCF as cathode and hard carbon as anode also presents a super-long cycle stability (80.62% capacity retention ratio after cycling 1300 times at 1000 mA·g−1).
Particle self-assembly in excitable and non-equilibrium media: biophysical aspects
Authors: Toropova Liubov V , Nizovtseva Irina G 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Theme issue is devoted to the rapidly developing area of the biophysics of tissues, as well as biomaterials with micro- and nanoparticles and bioreactors for single cell protein production. The effect of structuring kinetics on the functional characteristics of biological, biotechnological and soft systems are in the focus. Similarities in the approaches used when studying physically different phenomena are demonstrated and discussed. The presented works are at the cutting edge of research on synergetic structural formations in complex multifunctional and disordered biomaterials.
Investigation of momentum and heat transfer characteristics of Maxwell fluid cascading over a stretching sheet: A HAM approach
Authors: M N Pooja , S K Narasimhamurthy 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This paper presents a novel investigation into the intricate behaviour of momentum and heat transport phenomena in a non-Newtonian Maxwell fluid flowing over a stretching sheet. Incorporating thermal radiation

R

d

,

magnetic fields

M

,

buoyancy effects

λ

T

,

and porous media

K

under convective boundary conditions the study unveils complex fluid behaviours. Energy equation has been obtained by incorporating non-uniform heat source/sink along with viscosity of the fluid as a function of temperature across the domain. Leveraging the Lie Scale transformation technique, the governing non-linear partial differential equations are converted into non-linear ordinary differential equations. With the aid of Homotopy Analysis Method (HAM), a semi-analytical technique, the solutions describing the physical phenomenon of the current model have been obtained. Further, the results are assessed through the graphical analysis of the velocity profile

f
′

η

,

thermal profile

θ

η

,

skin friction coefficient

C

f

R

e

1
2

,

and Nusselt number

N
u
R

e

−

1
2

.

The obtained results using HAM shows good agreement with the existing literature. The present work offers practical implications for various engineering applications.
A compact highly flexible two-element wideband MIMO antenna based on modal analysis for 5G wireless applications
Authors: John Deepthi Mariam , Vincent Shweta , Pathan Sameena , Ali Tanweer 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The ever-evolving world of wearable technology demands compact, highly efficient, and flexible antennas to meet a seamless communication. To keep pace, a compact, flexible two element antenna with a low profile of 20 × 30 × 0.1 mm3 is presented in this article for 5G wireless applications. A lotus shaped radiator with stub integrated defective ground structure provides the desired band of interest with a measured impedance bandwidth of 4.56–5.65 GHz and isolation of 21 dB throughout the bandwidth. Characteristic mode analysis is exclusively utilized in this study to investigate and design the decoupling mechanism to improve the isolation. SAR analysis is performed using the Specific Anthropomorphic Mannequin (SAM) head model and a low SAR profile of 1.088/0.276 W/kg for 1 g/10 g is achieved. MIMO diversity performance of the antenna also shows favourable results with ECC < 0.5, DG ∼10, TARC < −10dB, MEG < −3 dB, CCL < 0.4 bps Hz−1 and ME < −0.5 that favours its applicability for real time MIMO applications.
Quantum nonlocality phenomena in scalar and Dirac fields near a Schwarzschild black hole
Authors: Sun Wen-Yang , Ma Wenchao , Wang Dong , Ye Liu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this work, we explore the impact of the Hawking effect on quantum nonlocality, specifically the maximum violation of the Bell-CHSH inequality, for both scalar and Dirac fields within Schwarzschild spacetime. We reveal the nuanced behavior of the Bell-CHSH inequality as the Hawking temperature (HT) varies. For scalar fields, we observe distinct degradation patterns in the Bell-CHSH inequality, influenced by the state parameter α and its normalized counterpart

1
−

α
2

. In contrast, Dirac fields exhibit two distinct degradation trajectories, each converging to different nonzero minimum values as HT approaches infinity

T
→
∞

, however, this does not apply to the maximally entangled state. Remarkably, the maximum violation of Bell-CHSH inequality becomes zero for scalar fields at infinite HT, while it stabilizes at a finite nonzero value for Dirac fields. Additionally, the quantum nonlocality robustness of the Dirac fields is stronger than that of the scalar fields. Therefore, this study enhances our understanding of the dynamic characteristics of nonlocality within scalar and Dirac fields near a Schwarzschild black hole.
Day-to-day behaviour for pedestrians in a circle antipode scenario: experiment and simulation
Authors: Xiao Yao , Mai Jin , Jiang Gege 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This study aims to investigate the behavioural evolution patterns of pedestrians who repeatedly traverse the same scenarios. To accomplish this objective, we implemented a repeated circle antipode experiment, ensuring consistent conditions for all participants. This experimental design allows for an effective examination of participant performance across multiple rounds. Our findings revealed that specific walking characteristics experienced significant changes with the progression of successive experiments, and participants demonstrated notable differences in their chosen routes. Recognizing the ability of the day-to-day dynamic model to describe the evolution of network flows and the similarities between traffic and pedestrian flows, we apply the modelling approach of the day-to-day dynamic model to the construction of pedestrian route choice modelling. Consequently, we developed a series of round-to-round pedestrian route choice models to characterize our experiment. These models factored in both historical walking experiences and the influence of neighbours. Our model proved to be reliable, achieving a route choice accuracy of approximately 80% in simulations of circle antipode experiments. The results of this study can provide valuable insights into pedestrian dynamics, aiding in understanding pedestrian behaviour during repetitive walking and facilitating the development of more accurate round-to-round route choice models.
Influence of trailing edge radius of intake struts on excitation force and vibration of rotor blades
Authors: Peng Wei , Li Xuesong , Ren Xiaodong , Gu Chunwei , Que Xiaobin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Adjusting the trailing edge radius of the intake struts may be advantageous in suppressing the vibration of compressor rotor blades. To explore the impact of the intake struts trailing edge radius on the excitation force and vibration, this study focuses on a compressor with intake struts, and fluid and vibration calculations were conducted. The study revealed that decreasing the trailing edge radius led to a reduction in separation near the strut’s trailing edge, resulting in a narrower wake and weakened mixing near the trailing edge. This caused the total pressure loss region induced by the wake to become more elongated in the low-frequency component, leading to a nonlinear decrease in total pressure amplitude with the reduction of the trailing edge radius. As the trailing edge radius decreased, the excitation force and vibration amplitude of the first-stage compressor rotor blades decreased, while the excitation force distribution showed little variation. The research findings provide insights for the design of intake struts.
Stability of Pt1/CeO2 single-atom catalyst in oxygen-poor environments: first-principles insights
Authors: Yan Jiasi , Xiao Wei , Zeng Rong , Li Xiaowu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Due to its exceptional oxygen storage/release capabilities, excellent catalytic activity, and selectivity, the single-atom Pt1/CeO2 catalyst has demonstrated significant research prospects and development promise in fuel cell applications. Investigating how the Pt1/CeO2 system behaves in oxygen-poor environments has become a focal point of current research. In the present work, the formation of oxygen vacancies as well as their impact on the stability of Pt adsorption in different Pt1/CeO2 systems under oxygen-poor conditions is systematically investigated. The research findings indicate that the ease of oxygen vacancy formation is primarily dictated by the structure of the Pt1/CeO2 system, with a higher propensity in low-stability systems (PtOB/CeO2, PfCeT/CeO2, PtOT/CeO2). Oxygen vacancies tend to form away from Pt positions (at the 2NN positions). Oxygen-poor and high-temperature environments promote the formation of oxygen vacancies in Pt1/CeO2 systems. Furthermore, in low-stability systems, oxygen vacancies, through adjustments to the system’s electronic structure, such as increasing the quantity of Ce3+ polarons and the transferred charge amount of Pt atoms, significantly enhance the adsorption strength of Pt atoms. This study aims to offer new insights and avenues for the design of fuel cell catalysts, promoting practical applications and development in fuel cells.
Vibration analysis of an open cylindrical thin shell under random excitation
Authors: Wang Zhaodong , Li Pu , Jiang Jian 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This paper introduces an analytical approach to the random vibration of a cylindrical thin shell structure with an opening angle of 180°. The approach involves employing the exact analytical solution for the natural vibration of a thin shell structure with an opening, grounded in a continuum model, and a pseudo-excitation method to derive the exact analytical solution of the random response power spectral density for the open cylindrical thin shell structure. Simultaneously, a comparison is made between the results obtained through the analytical method and those obtained by using the finite element program, confirming the effectiveness of the analytical model constructed in this study. Finally, an analysis is conducted on the impact of thickness on the characteristics of the vibration response of the open cylindrical thin shell.
Experimental study of the restitution coefficient of spherical particles
Authors: Zou Zhixiang , Liu Yanping , Zhang Xingang , Yao Wenli 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The restitution coefficient is a crucial indicator of energy dissipation. This article discusses the used restitution coefficients and presents a method to measure particle velocities before and after collisions using high-speed camera testing. The study primarily explores the influence of particle characteristics (collision velocity, collision angle, rotation speed, and collision material) on the restitution coefficient during collisions between spherical particles and a flat plate. The main focus is on studying how changes in collision angles impact the restitution coefficient. Different materials ball collision test examines the effects of steel balls, glass balls, and resin balls on the restitution coefficient. The data collected during the tests are processed by using various parameters to deduce the restitution coefficient during particle collisions. The article also analyzes the patterns of changes in the restitution coefficient for spherical particles under different collision conditions. Additionally, it derives the relationship between the restitution coefficient and different influencing factors, such as varying collision materials and initial speeds. The experimental results demonstrate a direct correlation between the restitution coefficient, the material of the particles under study, particle size, and particle spin speed.
Effect on wetting properties of the Al-Ti system by the addition of different alloying elements
Authors: Zhu Minxin , Zhang Bo , Li Zhengkun , Hao Shuai 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
With lightweight and high-strength, Al-Ti composites have become one of the indispensable materials in the aerospace and automotive manufacturing fields. However, due to strong interfacial reactions, the traditional pure Al-Ti composites have been limited in practical applications. To better control the interfacial reaction between the reinforced phase and the matrix in the Al-Ti composites, in this paper, the effect on wetting behavior and interfacial properties of the Al-Ti system by the addition of different alloying elements (Si, Mg, Zn, Cu) in Al melt were systematically investigated using the sessile drop method. According to the results, adding Si, Mg, Zn, and Cu elements to the Al melt can increase the steady-state wetting angle to varying degrees at the end of the holding period compared to the pure Al-Ti wetting but still maintains good wettability. The Mg, Zn, and Cu elements ensure good wettability and simultaneously reduce the temperature required for wetting, providing novel ideas for preparing aluminum matrix composites. All the systems in this experiment are typical of reactive wetting. The system with added Si and Cu showed a clear interfacial layer at the Al-Ti interface, which was comparatively smooth, and both the original Al-Ti reaction at the interface and the dissolution of the Ti substrate are inhibited.
A novel TaMoNbCrTi refractory high-entropy alloy produced by powder metallurgy
Authors: Gao Shengqing , Li Xiaoqiang , Fan Jiafeng , Qian Hao , Xu Changyu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The process of mechanical alloying (MA) and spark plasma sintering (SPS) were employed to manufacture a novel TaMoNbCrTi refractory high-entropy alloy. The investigation concentrated on how variations in sintering temperatures resulted in microstructural differences, which in turn altered the mechanical properties of TaMoNbCrTi. A BCC-structured solid solution phase was formed as a result of the MA process. During further sintering, the Cr2(Ta, Nb) phase and Ti(O, N) phase precipitated from the BCC phase. The Cr2(Ta, Nb) phase volume fraction declined and transitioned from a reticular distribution to a dispersed distribution as the sintering temperature rose. Additionally, a considerable enhancement in the Ti(O, N) phase size was observed. Because of the uniform distribution of the fine precipitated phases, the TaMoNbCrTi alloy sintered at 1200 °C demonstrated superior mechanical properties.
Influence of structure and properties for laser cladding fe based alloy on 45 steel surface
Authors: Liu Huihui , Lin Xichen , Zhang Xinjian , Yang Tiancheng , Yi Fenglin , Xu Weiye 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This article uses 45 steel as the substrate and iron based alloy powder as the cladding material for mining machinery equipment. Laser cladding experiments were conducted without scanning speed to prepare 45 steel surface cladding iron based alloy layer samples. The samples were subjected to microstructure analysis, hardness, and acid corrosion resistance testing. The results show that the microstructure of the laser cladding layer is a fine-grained equiaxed crystal structure, and the hardness of the cladding layer is higher than that of the substrate. The corrosion rate of the cladding layer is low in various acid corrosive environments. The laser cladding layer is significantly higher in all aspects than the substrate, achieving the goal of high-quality preparation of iron based alloy coatings on the surface of 45 steel substrates.
Effect of grain size of nanocrystalline metals on the loss modulus
Authors: Wang Fei , Li Li , Hu Yujin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The unique distribution of grain boundaries (GBs) and grains in nanocrystalline metals makes it interesting to study the mutually exclusive properties of modulus and damping. This study carried out large-scale calculations about the grain size effects through molecular dynamics and comprehensively analyzed the static modulus and damping properties of nanocrystalline metals using the loss modulus as the merit value. The research reveals that as grain size increases, the dissipation in polycrystalline metals transitions from being dominated by GB sliding in small grains to being jointly dominated by GB sliding and intragranular dislocation in larger grain structures. This transition is similar to the one observed in plastic flow stresses in nanocrystalline materials under finite deformation, i.e., the transition from the inverse Hall-Petch mechanism to the Hall-Petch mechanism. The mechanistic conversion of these two dissipations is demonstrated by quantitative characterization. This study is instructive for the mechanical design and development of nanocrystalline metals.
Research on bird strike resistance performance of hollow plates with warren structure
Authors: Wang Bin , Lv Jinfeng , Ning Yu , Tang Zhongbin , Wang Cunxian 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This study initially conducted bird strike tests and numerical simulations on hollow plates with the Warren structure. The plates manifested notable plastic deformation devoid of fracture. The simulated deformations and strain data of the plates closely corresponded with the outcomes of bird strike impact tests, thereby validating the employed bird strike simulation methodology in this study. Subsequently, while maintaining the outer dimensions of the hollow plate constant, an investigation into the structural parameters of the hollow plate was conducted. Correlations between the thickness of the outer panel, thickness of the Warren, angle of the Warren, and the anti-bird-strike performance of the hollow plate structure were established. The research findings offer valuable insights for informing the design of bird strike resistance in engine blades and hollow plates.
Research on corrosion resistant of shot peening to micro-arc oxidation coating on ZL101A
Authors: Zhu Yaokai , Zhou Mengyue , Da Qiupan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The corrosion of ZL101A in a 3.5% NaCl solution was studied using the polarization curve method. The effect of the composite treatment of shot peening and micro-arc oxidation on the corrosion resistance was investigated compared with the single treatment of micro-arc oxidation. The results showed that compared with the single treatment of micro-arc oxidation, the composite treatment can significantly reduce the depth of intergranular corrosion and self-corrosion current density of ZL101A, exhibiting minimal effect on the self-corrosion potential. The shot peening treatment was beneficial in reducing the corrosion sensitivity of ZL101A.
Testing and finite element analysis of internal mechanical properties of compressed concrete
Authors: Zhang Yaoyuan , Li Jinhu , He Haoxiang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In order to conduct intensive research on the inside stress-strain curve relationship of compressed concrete, a novel relevant testing device was developed and embedded inside concrete specimens and we conducted conventional uniaxial compression loading tests on concrete specimens. Based on experimental data, combined with several typical constitutive equations of concrete, simulation is conducted on the experiment. The results show that the core area inside the concrete has good ductility compared to the other parts, and the measured constitutive curve inside the concrete is reasonable and accurate, which is in good agreement with the finite element simulation results based on Chinese standards. It proves that the relevant measurement methods have fine accuracy and applicability, and can be further promoted and used.
In-plane shear failure behavior and mechanical properties of SiC/SiC Composites
Authors: Li Tianshan , Yu Guoqiang , Zhou Shihao , Zheng Zhikang , Gao Xiguang , Song Yingdong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix composites, especially SiC/SiC composites, have the characteristics of lightweight, high strength, high-temperature resistance, etc., which are ideal structural candidates for aerospace vehicle components, in-plane shear performance is one of the important indicators to characterize the mechanical properties of materials and component assessment, this paper designs and processes the in-plane shear test pieces and test devices and methods to study the shear mechanical behavior under the mechanical properties and failure behavior of SiC/SiC ceramic-based fiber bundle composites are studied under shear mechanical behavior. The results show that matrix cracking and fiber fracture are the main failure modes, and there are two obvious phases in the specimen shear force-displacement curves, and fiber fracture is the main cause of strain in the specimen.