bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association between multimorbidity patterns and physical frailty among middle-aged and older community-dwelling adults: The mediating role of depressive symptoms
Authors: Geng Yuhan , Zhou Ming , Liu Yangxiaoxue , Zhao Tianshu , Zhang Jiali , Xin Min , Wang Wenxin , Zhang Gongzi , Huang Liping 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to investigate the association between multimorbidity and frailty, and the potential mediating role of depressive symptoms in Chinese middle-aged and older community-dwelling adults.
Methods: We selected a total of 5232 adults with two or more chronic diseases from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) database. Clusters of participants with similar multimorbidity patterns were identified through fuzzy c-means cluster analyses. The cross-sectional association between multimorbidity and frailty was measured through logistic regression analyses. Mediation analysis was applied to examine direct and indirect associations within the counterfactual framework.
Results: At baseline, we identified five multimorbidity patterns. Two of these patterns significantly increased the risk of frailty compared to a non-specific pattern. Depression mediated 35.20% of the effect of multimorbidity on frailty (p = 0.042). Notably, in adults aged 60 years and older, this mediation accounted for 69.84% of the total effect, surpassing the direct impact of multimorbidity on frailty. Among individuals with economic support (0.020, 95% CI: 0.002-0.040), high school education (0.062, 95% CI: 0.007-0.120), and no alcohol consumption (0.024, 95% CI: 0.003-0.050), depression entirely mediated the impact of comorbidities.
Conclusions: This study reveals strong links between specific multimorbidity patterns and physical frailty, with depression significantly mediating these effects, particularly in certain populations. Findings emphasize tailored mental health interventions' necessity in specific groups.
Trial registration：The data was extracted from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). The ethical approval number of CHARLS is IRB00001052-11015.
Trajectory planning and tracking of interceptor based on rolling optimization
Authors: Li Liya , Zhang Xulong , Qi Guoyuan , Wang Shishen , Shi Peng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

In the interception of near-space targets, the initial propulsion stage of the interceptor missile plays a crucial role in interception performance. In view of the sequential quadratic programming (SQP) optimization algorithm, an initial and midcourse guidance trajectory planning is proposed. For high maneuvering targets, rolling optimization is adopted in the optimization process, and the intercept trajectory is updated in real time through multi-stage optimization. Terminal guidance planning is included in the planning process to create good conditions for intermediate and terminal shift handover. In order to track the planned trajectory, the model compensation control (MCC) based on compensation function observer (CFO) is utilized. Finally, the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed algorithm are verified by simulation, and the interceptable range of a single interceptor is calculated based on this method.
The influence of learning motivation on college students' participation in professional courses:The mediating role of self-control and the moderating role of school atmosphere
Authors: Kang Tinghu , Cao Luyuan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Students who actively participate in school activities will perform better in school. In contrast, students who do not attend classes on time, refuse to participate in school activities, and are distracted during class may not perform as well as those who actively participate in school activities, and may also exhibit various problematic behaviors such as dropping out. However, it is worrisome that many educators consider skipping classes as one of the most significant and persistent issues affecting student development.
Method
This article uses the Learning Motivation Scale and a college student participation survey questionnaire to study the relationship between college student learning motivation and professional classroom participation. Use SPSS correlation analysis and M-plus to conduct multi-layer linear model analysis on the data and draw specific conclusions.
Results
(1) Students' learning motivation positively predicts students' participation in professional courses. (2) Students' self-control positively predicts students' participation in professional courses. (3) Students' perceived school atmosphere has an overall moderating effect. When students' perceived school atmosphere is positive, learning motivation can predict high level of self-control, while when students' perceived school atmosphere is negative, learning motivation has no predictive effect on self-control.
Conclusions
The data results indicate that the double-layer model is more effective in promoting research on participation mechanisms than the single-layer model, and has good practical and educational value.
Using multi-orbit cyclic subspace codes for constructing optical orthogonal codes
Authors: Ozbudak Ferruh , Santonastaso Paolo , Zullo Ferdinando 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

We present a new application of multi-orbit cyclic subspace codes to construct large optical orthogonal codes, with the aid of the multiplicative structure of finite fields extensions. This approach is different from earlier approaches using combinatorial and additive (character sum) structures of finite fields. Consequently, we immediately obtain new classes of optical orthogonal codes with different parameters.
MSC2020: 94B60; 11T30; 11T71
Rearing conditions impacted efficacy of α-lipoic acid to influence longevity in Drosophila melanogaster fed with a high fat diet
Authors: CHATTOPADHYAY DEBARATI , Philip Susan Mary , Prabhakar Grace , Bheemaiah Madappa Machamada 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Consumption of a high fat diet is accompanied with the risk of obesity and early onset of age-associated complications. Hence, dietary interventions are imperative to combat this. α-lipoic acid has been shown to hinder diet-induced obesity in model organisms. Recent studies hint at probable lifespan extending efficacy of α-lipoic acid as well.Drosophila melanogasterhas emerged as a robust model organism for longevity studies. In this study, α-lipoic acid was investigated for its efficacy to improve lifespan and age-associated physiology inCanton-Sstrain ofDrosophila melanogasterfed with a high fat diet. Furthermore, as mating status has a significant impact on survival in fruit-flies, flies were reared in two experimental groups – group one in which males and females were reared together and group two in which males and females were reared separately. In group one, α-lipoic acid improved mean lifespan, reduced fecundity of females and reduced mean body weight of flies at dose range of 2mM – 2.5mM, respectively. In group two, α-lipoic acid improved mean lifespan, reduced fecundity of females and reduced mean body weight of flies at dose range of 1mM – 2.5mM, respectively. Improved climbing efficiency was observed with α-lipoic acid at dose range of 1.5mM – 2.5mM in flies of group one and 1mM – 2.5mM in flies of group two, respectively. Administration of α-lipoic acid improved resistance to oxidative stress in only female flies of group one at 2.5mM whereas in group two, both male and female flies exhibited improved resistance to oxidative stress with α-lipoic acid at dose range of 2mM – 2.5mM, respectively. Male and female flies of only group one showed improved resistance to heat shock stress with α-lipoic acid at dose range of 2mM – 2.5mM. Only female flies of group two exhibited a small significant improvement in recovery time following cold shock with α-lipoic acid only at 2.5mM. No significant change in resistance to starvation stress was observed with any dose of α-lipoic acid in either group of flies. To summarize, data from this study suggested a probable dose and gender dependent efficacy of α-lipoic acid in flies fed with a high fat diet; this efficacy was also significantly impacted by mating status of flies due to varied rearing conditions.
Modeling Brain Chaos Using Electrical Circuit Approaches: Unraveling Neural Dynamics
Authors: SELMI Kaouther , BACHTA Kods , BOUALLEGUE Kais 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This paper explores the simulation of brain chaos dynamics through a combined use of the Chua circuit and diode tunnel mechanisms, aiming to examine chaotic behavior in brain networks. By leveraging the inherent chaotic properties of the Chua circuit, the FitzHugh-Nagumo function, and the nonlinear characteristics of diode tunneling, our model replicates the intricate synaptic interactions observed in the brain. We subject the model to various stimuli and perturbations to analyze the emergence and evolution of chaotic patterns, providing insights into the underlying mechanisms of cerebral chaos. Numerical simulations and experimental validation demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in replicating key features of brain chaos, with potential implications for understanding neurological disorders and cognitive processes. This research contributes to the broader effort to use computational models to explore the complex dynamics of the brain and their implications for neuroscience.
Systematic dissection of pleiotropic loci and critical regulons in exhibitory neurons and microglia relevant to neuropsychiatric and ocular diseases
Authors: Jiang Dingping , Ma Yunlong , Su Jianzhong , Li Jingjing , Zheng Gongwei , Deng Yao , Gou Xuanxuan , Gao Shuaishuai , Chen Cheng , Deng Chunyu , Zhou Yijun , Zhang Yaru , Han Haijun , Yao Yinghao 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: Single-cell multimodal techniques have advanced the functional elucidation of disease-relevant loci identified in genome-wide association studies (GWASs). However, the functional interpretation of these variants remains challenging. It is still unclear how these variants modulate core gene-regulatory networks in specific cell types to influence eye-and brain-related diseases.
Methods: We developed a computational framework to integrate bulk and single-cell multiomic (scRNA-seq and scATAC-seq) profiles with GWAS summary statistics for identifying critical transcription factor (TF)-regulatory regulons through which genetic variants influence eight neuropsychiatric and five ocular diseases. Various genetic methods were utilized to uncover pleiotropic loci, risk genes, and key pathways for the diseases.
Results: Our analysis revealed five latent factors explaining 61.7% of genetic variances across the 13 eye and brain diseases, showing diverse correlational patterns among these conditions. We identified 45 pleiotropic loci with 91 candidate genes contributing to disease risk. Integration of the GWAS and single-cell sequencing data implicated excitatory neurons and microglia in eye-brain connections. Network-based polygenic enrichment analysis identified 15 disease-relevant pleiotropic regulons in exhibitory neurons, including BCL11A, STAT4, and GLS1, and 16 disease-relevant pleiotropic regulons in microglia, such as SPI1, FOXP2, and MEF2C. Exhibitory neuron-specific regulons were functionally involved in axon guidance and synaptic activity, while microglia-specific regulons related to immune response and cell activation.
Conclusions: Our study reinforces the genetic link between psychiatric and ocular diseases and provides biological insights into the potential regulatory mechanisms and implications for future therapeutic development.
Optically generated droplet beams for improved optoacoustic imaging of choroid thickness in the ocular cavity: A biomarker for Alzheimer’s Disease.
Authors: Mavrakis Kostas G , Zacharakis Giannis 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Optoacoustic microscopy faces a restricted depth of field attributed to the tightly focused Gaussian beam excitation. This limitation poses challenges in capturing high-resolution images of samples with uneven surfaces or obtaining high-quality volumetric images without z-scanning. To address this issue, we propose the use of droplet illumination in optoacoustic microscopy, which extends the depth of field to approximately 80 times the Rayleigh length. The droplet beam is generated using a Mach-Zehnder-type interferometer, with each arm equipped with a lens of different optical power. We demonstrate the advantages of droplet beam illumination in microscopy by showing high contrast images on fluorescent beads with a 50% improvement compared to Bessel beam illumination and subsequently imaging the posterior cavity of mice eyes. This method introduces novel perspectives to medical sciences, allowing the measurement of the choroidal layer thickness, an early indicative biomarker for Alzheimer's disease.
Vólvulo de íleon distal: una causa infrecuente de dolor abdominal en adultos mayores: reporte de caso clínico
Authors: Sosa-Sarmiento Paola Vanessa , González-Hadad Adolfo , Ocampo-Chaparro Jose , Reyes-Ortiz Carlos , Gil-Yande Sara 
Published: June 2024

El dolor abdominal en los adultos mayores (AM) es un desafío por los cambios fisiológicos del envejecimiento, manifestaciones clínicas atípicas y multimorbilidad. El objetivo es presentar un paciente AM con dolor abdominal de una etiología poco común de dolor abdominal y de obstrucción intestinal, como lo es el vólvulo intestinal. Se presenta un paciente de 82 años con múltiples condiciones geriátricas, quien ingresó por dolor abdominal subagudo, y clínica sugestiva de obstrucción intestinal. La tomografía axial computarizada (TAC) de abdomen muestra el signo del remolino compatible, con diagnóstico de vólvulo de íleon distal.
Influence of age, body mass index and gender on sonographic indicators of the liver in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease
Authors: Yagmur V.B. , Demeshkina L.V. , Melanich S.L. , Kyslova R.M. 
Published: June 2024

Background. The incidence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is increasing along with the increasing prevalence of obesity. There are close relationships between these two pathologies due to the functioning of adipose tissue as an endocrine organ with a complex influence on various metabolic processes. It is known that premenopausal women are less prone to fatty liver disease than men. The aim was to study the influence of gender, body mass index (BMI) and age on sonographic indicators and the degree of liver steatosis in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Materials and methods. Ninety-two patients with MASLD were included in the study, 48 women and 44 men. Inclusion criterion was metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, exclusion criteria were any non-metabolic factors of chronic diffuse liver disease. Patients were divided into groups by gender and age. Women were divided by age according to the presence and absence of menopause, men were divided into groups below and above 45 years — the conventional age of the beginning of the decline in gonadotropic function. The analysis of structural changes of the liver, namely the assessment of the size, contours, structure, echogenicity, and visualization of blood vessels in the B-mode was carried out with the help of ultrasound examination on Toshiba Xario 660 (Japan). The degree of steatosis was assessed by the controlled attenuation parameter. Results. In men, the right, left and caudate liver lobes were significantly larger (p < 0.05) than in women, which is due to the higher weight of men in the absence of a difference in the BMI. There was no significant difference between men and women in degree of steatosis (p > 0.05). A moderate positive correlation (r = 0.63) was found between BMI and the controlled attenuation parameter; in women, there was no connection between these indicators. Analysis of correlations in women of different ages, divided by the presence of menopause, found that before menopause, there was no dependence of steatosis indicators on BMI, while with the onset of menopause, the coefficient of correlation between these indicators was 0.39 (р < 0.02). Conclusions. No significant difference was found between the frequency of various degrees of steatosis in MASLD according to the controlled attenuation parameter in men and women. There was a dependence of the severity of liver steatosis on the BMI in men, the dependence of steatosis on the body mass index in women was manifested starting from the menopause period, which suggests the protective role of female sex hormones.
PERAN TELEMARKETING DALAM PENJUALAN PRODUK FAMILY SAVER DI PT. CHUBB LIFE INSURANCE MEDAN
Authors: A RismaDani , Harahap Muhammad Ikhsan , Atika Atika 
Published: June 2024

Chubb adalah perusahaan property and casualty insurance diperdagangkan dengan publik di dunia ini. Dengan tugas yang tersebar di 54 negara dan domain, Chubb memberikan perlindungan properti dan kemunduran bagi bisnis dan individu, perlindungan kesejahteraan dan kerugian individu, reasuransi dan keamanan ekstra kepada kelompok klien yang berbeda. Family Saver adalah item perlindungan berjangka yang memberikan sertifikasi perlindungan kepada Terjamin dalam jangka waktu tertentu. Motivasi yang melatarbelakangi penjajakan ini adalah untuk memutuskan kegunaan penjualan barang simpanan keluarga di PT. Cakupan Chubb Life Medan. Pendekatan eksplorasi deskriptif kualitatif digunakan dalam eksplorasi ini. Informasi diperoleh dari tanya jawab kepada salah satu agen di PT. Chubb Life Insurance Medan. Hasil temuan yang diperoleh adalah PT. Chubb Life Insurance Medan telah menempatkan telemarketing sebagai bagian dari salah satu program pemasaran yang baik karena setelah melakukan riset hampir 80% seluruh nasabah di PT.Chubb Life Insurance Medan didapatkan melalui dengan cara metode Telemarketing.
Aesthetic assessment of maxillary lateral and canine implant-supported crowns by laypersons and orthodontists
Authors: Sabel Nina , Toft Erika , Johansson Erica , Naoumova Julia 
Published: June 2024

Introduction: The objectives of this study were to evaluate how laypersons and orthodontists evaluate and rank aesthetic parameters of an implant-supported crown (ISC) on the canine position (ISC-C) and lateral position (ISC-L).
Methods: A digital survey of 11 cases, 5 ISC-C, 5 ISC-L and 1 control case without ISC, was distributed to 207 laypersons and 296 orthodontists. All cases included one extraoral photograph and three intraoral photographs. The respondents were asked to identify the ISC and to evaluate the aesthetic parameters regarding colour of the implant (CI), shape of the implant (SI) and gingival colour around ISC (GCI). Differences within and between the groups were tested using Chi-2-test and Independent-Samples t-test.
Results: All invited laypersons and 184 orthodontists (62% response rate) answered the survey. Orthodontists (89%) more correctly identified the ISC, regardless of its position, than laypersons (50%) (p < 0.001). Both laypersons (54%) and orthodontists (23%) rated higher proportions of acceptance of CI, SI and GCI in favour for the ISC-L than ISC-C (laypersons: 40%, orthodontists: 10%) (p < 0.001). Assessing each parameter separately, orthodontists rated higher for ISC-L, compared to the ISC-C (p < 0.001). In general, laypersons and orthodontist ranked tooth colour (mean, standard deviation [SD]:8.0,1.5 and 9.0, 1.0) and tooth shape (mean, SD: 8.0, 1.7 and 8.8, 1.2) as aesthetically higher than the gingival colour (mean, SD: 7.2, 2.2 and 8.0, 1.7) (p > 0.001).
Conclusion: Laypersons and orthodontists consider the ISC-L as aesthetically more preferable, compared to the ISC-C.
CRIMES AMBIENTAIS NO MEIO URBANO: A VULNERABILIDADE NO CENTRO DA QUESTÃO
Authors: Silva Mário Luiz da , Avelar Katia Eliane Santos , Dusek Patrícia Maria 
Published: June 2024

A prevenção aos crimes ambientais precisa alcançar um nível adequado de efetividade e, para isso, o caminho está na compreensão das realidades dos locais de maior incidência e de suas condições socioambientais. Este trabalho tem base na hipótese de que o abandono social influi nas incidências criminais ambientais e objetiva estabelecer a correlação entre a desigualdade e a vulnerabilidade social e tais incidências criminais, levantando dados, tipologia e registros de crimes ambientais, identificando possíveis causas e propondo políticas públicas voltadas a enfrentar o problema. Trata-se de revisão bibliográfica sistemática e de caráter exploratório, com referencial teórico nas noções de desigualdade defendidas por Rousseau e Sen, bem como na visão de Secchi acerca de políticas públicas. Pelos vieses qualitativo e quantitativo, com o emprego de dados numéricos e avaliação de informações sobre áreas sociais específicas, os resultados comprovaram a hipótese inicial, indicando que as agressões ao meio ambiente tendem a ser maiores onde a vulnerabilidade social também for característica.
PENGARUH POSISI MATAHARI TERHADAP PENENTUAN AWAL WAKTU SALAT PERSPEKTIF ILMU FALAK
Authors: KAMISWIDARYANI JULI PRASETIA PANCA PUTRI , Nur Aisyah  , Muh. Anis  
Published: June 2024

Pembahasan dalam rtikel ini tentang ilmu falak dalam penentuan awal waktu salat. Pokok masalah dalam artikel ini adalah: 1.) Bagaiamana Pengaruh Posisi Matahari dalam Penentuan Waktu Salat? 2.) Bagaimana Peran Ilmu Falak Terhadap Penentuan Waktu Salat?
Artikel ini tergolong library research ,data dikumpulkan dengan mengutip,menyadur,dan menganalisis literatur yang representatif dan mempunyai relevansi dengan masalah yang dibahas, kemudian mengulas, dan menyimpulkannya.
Setelah membahasan tentang Pengaruh Posisi Matahari Terhadap Penentuan Awal Waktu Salat perspektif Ilmu Falak, maka penulis dapat menyimpulkan bahwa Penentuan awal waktu salat tidak selalu sama di setiap harinya sehingga akan berubah tergantung pada posisi matahari dan data-data matahari. Begitupun dalam mengetahui akhir waktu salat yang telah di tentukan waktunya. Metode yang digunakan untuk menentukan awal waktu salat dalam penelitian ini dengan menggunakan metode perhitungan (hisab). Untuk itu sangat penting untuk mengkaji lebih mendalam mengenai ilmu falak, khususnya tentang penentuan awal waktu salat karena setiap setiap hari posisi matahari akan berbeda sehingga perubahan waktu salat yang berbeda-beda.
Implikasi penelitian dalam artikel ini ialah penulis berharap pemerintah,ahli falak, Ormas Islam, terutama mahasiswa agar terus mengkaji lebih mendalam kitab-kitab ilmu falak yang ditulis oleh ulama-ulama kontemporer guna memperluas pemahaman mengenai penentuan awal waktu salat.Penulis juga berharap kedepannya dilakukan sosialisasi mengenai penentuan awal waktu salat kepada masyarakat terkhusus di daerah pelosok agar masyarakat juga mengetahui bagaimanacara penentuan awal waktu salat serta memahami bahwa waktu salat tidak selalu sama setiap harinya.
Kata Kunci: Ilmu Falak, Matahari, Waktu Salat