bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abnormal Histone Methylation Is Responsible for Increased Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor 165a Secretion from Airway Smooth Muscle Cells in Asthma
Authors: Clifford Rachel L. , John Alison E. , Brightling Christopher E. , Knox Alan J. 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a key angiogenic molecule, is aberrantly expressed in several diseases including asthma where it contributes to bronchial vascular remodeling and chronic inflammation. Asthmatic human airway smooth muscle cells hypersecrete VEGF, but the mechanism is unclear. In this study, we defined the mechanism in human airway smooth muscle cells from nonasthmatic and asthmatic patients. We found that asthmatic cells lacked a repression complex at the VEGF promoter, which was present in nonasthmatic cells. Recruitment of G9A, trimethylation of histone H3 at lysine 9 (H3K9me3), and a resultant decrease in RNA polymerase II at the VEGF promoter was critical to repression of VEGF secretion in nonasthmatic cells. At the asthmatic promoter, H3K9me3 was absent because of failed recruitment of G9a; RNA polymerase II binding, in association with TATA-binding protein-associated factor 1, was increased; H3K4me3 was present; and Sp1 binding was exaggerated and sustained. In contrast, DNA methylation and histone acetylation were similar in asthmatic and nonasthmatic cells. This is the first study, to our knowledge, to show that airway cells in asthma have altered epigenetic regulation of remodeling gene(s). Histone methylation at genes such as VEGF may be an important new therapeutic target.
Tratamiento del consumo de alcohol y su prevención en prensa española desde la perspectiva del framing: El País, El Mundo, Abc y La Razón
Authors: Paricio-Esteban Pilar , Rodríguez-Luque Cristina , Rabadán-Zaragoza María-José 
Published: June 2012

En este artículo, se presentan los resultados tras analizar 103 textos que versaban sobre el alcohol en los diarios El País (22) , El Mundo (35), Abc (24) y La Razón (22) en los meses de enero a junio de 2009. La metodología aplicada es doble, por un lado el análisis hemerográfico estructural siguiendo el modelo de Kayser (1982) y por otro el análisis de contenido basado en la teoría del framing ya aplicado en tratamiento periodístico de la biotecnología (Durant, Bauer, y Gaskell, 1998; Nisbet, M.C., Brossard, y Kroepsch, 2003; Rodríguez Luque, 2009) y adaptado al tema de las drogas (Paricio, 2010) para lo cual se ha obtenido una fiabilidad en las 67 variables de un 90% en el coeficiente Kappa de Cohen. Los textos se dedican al alcohol suelen ser noticias (66,9%) cuyo tema principal está relacionado con el conflicto (19 textos) destacando los textos que lo relacionan con la conducción (9). El encuadre o frame más representativo usado por los periodistas es el delito en 62 textos y hay también una proporción considerable dedicada a nuevas investigaciones (11 textos) y a epidemiología (15 textos). Sin embargo, se aprecian pocos de textos dedicados a la prevención (4,85%) o a la presencia de instituciones dedicadas a ello (2,91%).
Between a rock and a hard place: stigma and the desire to have children among people living with HIV in northern Uganda
Authors: Nattabi Barbara , Li Jianghong , Thompson Sandra C , Orach Christopher G , Earnest Jaya 
Published: June 2012

BackgroundHIV‐related stigma, among other factors, has been shown to have an impact on the desire to have children among people living with HIV (PLHIV). Our objective was to explore the experiences of HIV‐related stigma among PLHIV in post‐conflict northern Uganda, a region of high HIV prevalence, high infant and child mortality and low contraception use, and to describe how stigma affected the desires of PLHIV to have children in the future.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with 26 PLHIV in Gulu district, northern Uganda. The interviews, conducted in Luo, the local language, were audio recorded, transcribed and then translated into English. Thematic data analysis was undertaken using NVivo8 and was underpinned by the “Conceptual Model of HIV/AIDS Stigma”.ResultsHIV‐related stigma continues to affect the quality of life of PLHIV in Gulu district, northern Uganda, and also influences PLHIV's desire to have children. PLHIV in northern Uganda continue to experience stigma in various forms, including internal stigma and verbal abuse from community members. While many PLHIV desire to have children and are strongly influenced by several factors including societal and cultural obligations, stigma and discrimination also affect this desire. Several dimensions of stigma, such as types of stigma (received, internal and associated stigma), stigmatizing behaviours (abusing and desertion) and agents of stigmatization (families, communities and health systems), either directly, or indirectly, enhanced or reduced PLHIV's desire to have more children.ConclusionThe social‐cultural context within which PLHIV continue to desire to have children must be better understood by all health professionals who hope to improve the quality of PLHIV's lives. By delineating the stigma process, the paper proposes interventions for reducing stigmatization of PLHIV in northern Uganda in order to improve the quality of life and health outcomes for PLHIV and their children.
Increasing Voter Participation Through Health Care–Based Voter Registration
Authors: McCabe Katherine , Zhu Yinlu , Bajaj Simar S. , Martin Alister F. 
Published: June 2024

ImportanceYoung people and historically marginalized racial and ethnic groups are poorly represented in the democratic process. Addressing voting inequities can make policy more responsive to the needs of these communities.ObjectiveTo assess whether leveraging health care settings as venues for voter registration and mobilization is useful, particularly for historically underrepresented populations in elections.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn 2020, nonpartisan nonprofit Vot-ER partnered with health care professionals and institutions to register people to vote. This cross-sectional study analyzed the demographics and voting behavior of people mobilized to register to vote in health care settings, including hospitals, community health centers, and medical schools across the US. The age and racial and ethnic identity data of individuals engaged through Vot-ER were compared to 2 national surveys of US adults, including the 2020 Cooperative Election Study (CES) and the 2020 American National Election Study (ANES).ExposureHealth care–based voter registration.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcomes were age composition, racial and ethnic composition, and voting history.ResultsOf the 12 441 voters contacted in health care settings, 41.9% were aged 18 to 29 years, 15.9% were identified as African American, 9.6% as Asian, 12.7% as Hispanic, and 60.4% as White. This distribution was significantly more diverse than the racial and ethnic distribution of the ANES (N = 5447) and CES (N = 39 014) samples, of which 72.5% and 71.19% self-identified as White, respectively. Voter turnout among health care–based contacts increased from 61.0% in 2016 to 79.8% in 2020, a turnout gain (18.8–percentage point gain) that was 7.7 percentage points higher than that of the ANES sample (11.1–percentage point gain). Demographically, the age distribution of voters contacted in health care settings was significantly different from the ANES and CES samples, with approximately double the proportion of young voters aged 18 to 29 years.Conclusion and RelevanceThis cross-sectional study suggests that health care–based voter mobilization reaches a distinctly younger and more racially and ethnically diverse population relative to those who reported contact from political campaigns. This analysis of the largest health care–based voter mobilization effort points to the unique impact that medical professionals may have on voter registration and turnout in the 2024 US elections. In the long term, health equity initiatives should prioritize expanding voting access to address the upstream determinants of health in historically marginalized communities.
Hofmeister Effects in Supramolecular Chemistry for Anion‐Modulation to Stabilize Zn Anode
Authors: Zhang Guoqun , Fu Lulu , Chen Yuan , Fan Kun , Zhang Chenyang , Dai Huichao , Guan Linnan , Mao Minglei , Ma Jing , Wang Chengliang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAqueous Zn‐ion batteries (AZIBs) are considered as promising candidates for the next‐generation large‐scale energy storage, which, however, is facing the challenge of instable Zn anodes. The anion is pivotal in the stability of anodes, which are not being paid enough attention to. Herein, the modulation of anions is reported using the Hofmeister series in supramolecular chemistry to boost the stability of Zn anodes. It is found that the right‐side anions in the Hofmeister series (e.g., OTf−) can enhance the Zn2+ transference number, increase the Coulombic efficiency, facilitate uniform Zn deposition, reduce the freezing point of electrolytes, and thereby stabilize the Zn anodes. More importantly, the right‐side anions can form strong interaction with β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) compared to the left‐side anions, and hence the addition of β‐CD can further enhance the stability of Zn anodes in OTf−‐based electrolytes, showing enhancement of cycling lifespan in the Zn//Zn symmetric cells more than 45.5 times with β‐CD compared with those without β‐CD. On the contrary, the left‐side anions show worse rate performance after the addition of β‐CD. These results provide an effective and novel approach for choosing anions and matching additives to stabilize the anodes and achieve high‐performance AZIBs through the Hofmeister effect.
Symmetry‐Determined Lasing from Incommensurate Moiré Nanoparticle Lattices
Authors: Fasanelli Fabio M. , Freire‐Fernández Francisco , Odom Teri W. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper describes how moiré plasmonic nanoparticle lattices can exhibit lasing action over a broad wavelength and wavevector range. Moiré nanolithography is combined with the PEEL (Photolithography, Etching, Electron‐beam deposition, and Lift‐off) process to fabricate in‐plane incommensurate lattices with optical properties beyond the restricted geometries of Bravais lattices. Because of increased rotational symmetry, moiré lattices support a larger number of transverse electric and transverse magnetic modes relative to their periodic base lattices. It is found that multidirectional lasing characteristics can be predicted by the symmetry of the moiré reciprocal lattice. Incommensurate moiré plasmonic lattices combine advantages of the dense band structures observed in aperiodic lattices with that of predicted modes in Bravais lattices for light‐based technologies in coherent light sources and multiplexed data transfer.
High‐Throughput Experimentation Unveils Composition – Structure – Conductivity Relationships in the Extended LiPON System
Authors: Berthou William , Legallais Maxime , Sorieul Stéphanie , Yildirim Gunay , Bousquet Bruno , Motto‐Ros Vincent , Le Cras Frédéric 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA high‐throughput experimental approach is developed to assess the correlations between chemical composition, structure and conduction properties of inorganic solid ionic conductors. This approach covers the preparation of a large number of samples by combinatorial synthesis, followed by fast characterization of the material library. The approach is primarily based on combinatorial synthesis by magnetron co‐sputtering and the characterization of thin film samples where lithium phosphorus oxynitride (LiPON) is chosen as a case study. A library of 76 LiPON materials is prepared in one experiment from the reactive co‐sputtering of LiPO3 and Li3PO4 in a N2 atmosphere. A specific sample design allows conducting thickness and impedance measurements, Raman spectroscopy, then fast and spatially‐resolved chemical analysis by Laser‐Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) on each material. Particular developments are devoted to this technique to achieve quantitative analysis of lithium in thin films. The materials cover a wide range of compositions with 0.95<Li/P<2.03 and a high N/P nitrogen content of ≈1.0‐1.2. Two distinct compositional ranges can be distinguished. For 0.95<Li/P<1.2, conductivity increases and the PO3− chains gradually disappear, whereas for 1.2<Li/P<2.03, conductivity stabilizes despite continuous structural evolution, in parallel with an increase in charge carrier concentration.
Sustainable Chitin‐Derived 2D Nanosheets with Hierarchical Ion Transport for Osmotic Energy Harvesting
Authors: Xiang Zhongrun , Chen Yu , Xie Zhijiang , Yuan Kaiyu , Shu Yue , Chen Pan , Wang Huiqing , Ye Dongdong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractGenerating electricity from salinity‐gradient waters with nanofluidic structures is a promising approach for achieving zero‐emission energy goals and addressing escalating energy crises. However, the ingenious design and development of biomass membranes that satisfy the requirements of sustainability, low‐cost, long‐term stability, and high output power density is a crucial challenge. This work reports two‐dimensional (2D) hierarchical‐structured chitin nanosheets (2D H‐CNS) with abundant micro‐/nano‐pore structures through chemical modification, acid vapor treatment, and ultrasound‐assisted exfoliation. The results showed that surface charge modification not only promotes the loosening and controllable exfoliation of the dense chitin structure into ultra‐thin 2D H‐CNS (1.34 nm) but also increases the porosity and enhances the ion transport flux and selectivity of the nanosheets. Furthermore, experimental and simulation confirm that hierarchical ion transport in nanosheet‐assembled membranes (2D‐HM) substantially enhances ion transport performance, with an 18.5 times improvement in ion conductance over dense nanosheet‐assembled membranes (2D‐DM). Furthermore, 2D‐HM embedded in an energy harvesting system achieved an output power density of 2.59 W m−2, 2.51 times that of 2D‐DM. This study promotes the development of all‐biomass materials with high‐performance osmotic energy harvesting.
Temporal progression of tau pathology and neuroinflammation in a rhesus monkey model of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Beckman Danielle , Diniz Giovanne B. , Ott Sean , Hobson Brad , Chaudhari Abhijit J. , Muller Scott , Chu Yaping , Takano Akihiro , Schwarz Adam J. , Yeh Chien‐Lin , McQuade Paul , Chakrabarty Paramita , Kanaan Nicholas M. , Quinton Maria S. , Simen Arthur A. , Kordower Jeffrey H. , Morrison John H. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThe understanding of the pathological events in Alzheimer's disease (AD) has advanced dramatically, but the successful translation from rodent models into efficient human therapies is still problematic.METHODSTo examine how tau pathology can develop in the primate brain, we injected 12 macaques with a dual tau mutation (P301L/S320F) into the entorhinal cortex (ERC). An investigation was performed using high‐resolution microscopy, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and fluid biomarkers to determine the temporal progression of the pathology 3 and 6 months after the injection.RESULTSUsing quantitative microscopy targeting markers for neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation, as well as fluid and imaging biomarkers, we detailed the progression of misfolded tau spreading and the consequential inflammatory response induced by glial cells.DISCUSSIONBy combining the analysis of several in vivo biomarkers with extensive brain microscopy analysis, we described the initial steps of misfolded tau spreading and neuroinflammation in a monkey model highly translatable to AD patients.Highlights
Dual tau mutation delivery in the entorhinal cortex induces progressive tau pathology in rhesus macaques.
Exogenous human 4R‐tau coaptates monkey 3R‐tau during transneuronal spread, in a prion‐like manner.
Neuroinflammatory response is coordinated by microglia and astrocytes in response to tau pathology, with microglia targeting early tau pathology, while astrocytes engaged later in the progression, coincident with neuronal death.
Monthly collection of CSF and plasma revealed a profile of changes in several AD core biomarkers, reflective of neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation as early as 1 month after injection.
High‐density implantable neural electrodes and chips for massive neural recordings
Authors: Wang Longchun , Suo Yanxing , Wang Jiahao , Wang Xuanqi , Xue Kai , An Jingjing , Sun Xun , Chen Qinyu , Tang Xiaochen , Zhao Yang , Ji Bowen , Liu Jingquan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHigh‐density neural recordings with superior spatiotemporal resolution powerfully unveil cellular‐scale neural communication, showing great promise in neural science, translational medicine, and clinical applications. To achieve such, many design and fabrication innovations enhanced the electrode, chip, or both for biocompatibility improvement, electrical performance upgrade, and size miniaturization, offering several thousands of recording sites. However, an enormous gap exists along the trajectory toward billions of recording sites for brain scale resolution, posing many more design challenges. This review tries to find possible insight into mitigating the gap by discussing the latest progress in high‐density electrodes and chips for neural recordings. It emphasizes the design, fabrication, bonding techniques, and in vivo performance optimization of high‐density electrodes. It discusses the promising opportunities for circuit‐level and architecture‐level multi‐channel chip design innovations. We expect that joint effort and close collaboration between high‐density electrodes and chips will pave the way to high‐resolution neural recording tools supporting cutting‐edge neuroscience discoveries and applications.
The negative outlook: Long‐term follow up of ThyroSeq negative and low‐risk nodules
Authors: Perry Raquel A. , Lee Megan F. , Jug Rachel C. , Dash Rajesh C. , Rocke Daniel J. , Jiang Xiaoyin “Sara” 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundMolecular testing of thyroid nodules is an essential tool to help risk stratify nodules with indeterminate cytology. Although ThyroSeq testing has been around for over a decade, there is a paucity of long‐term follow‐up data on cytologically indeterminate nodules that are determined to be molecularly negative or low‐risk. The objective of this study is to assess the outcomes of nodules with indeterminate cytology (Bethesda III or IV) and negative or low‐risk ThyroSeq results.MethodsThis is a single academic institution retrospective cohort study. Patients with at least one thyroid nodule sampled with fine‐needle aspiration who underwent ThyroSeq testing from 2012 to 2018 and had negative or low‐risk ThyroSeq results on a cytologically indeterminate sample (n = 159 patients, 167 nodules) were included in the study. Outcomes include the false‐negative rate and negative predictive value of each test version, as well as follow‐up length for each nodule.ResultsThere were 159 patients with a mean age of 58 years (7–84 years) included in this study; the majority were female (81.8%). The mean follow‐up was 4.0 years. Of 167 nodules, three were found to be malignant on resection (1.8%). The negative predictive value for the entire cohort was 98.2% and it was 89.3% for the surgical series.ConclusionThyroSeq testing has good negative predictive value and can help risk stratify cytologically indeterminate nodules. Routine follow‐up allows for safe monitoring of nodules for features suggestive of malignancy.
Phytochemical profile of Tunisian Pistacia lentiscus fruits oil: Antioxidant, antiplatelet, and cytotoxic activities assessment
Authors: Ameur Raoudha Ben , Hadjkacem Basma , Ayadi Mohamed , Ikram Ben Amor , Feki Amira , Gargouri Jalel , Gargouri Ali , Allouche Noureddine 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study aims to comprehensively examine the chemical composition, physicochemical characterization, as well as antioxidant and antiplatelet activities of Pistacia lentiscus fruit oil (PLFO). Our results showed that the prominent class of fatty acids was represented by monounsaturated fatty acids (42.73%), followed by saturated fatty acids (33.99%) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (23.13%). The different ratios of fatty acids were determined (PUFA/MUFA = 0.54, PUFA/SAFA = 0.68 and MUFA/SAFA = 1.25). The obtained results related to saturated and polysaturated fatty acids ratios were in line with the recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO). The principal fatty acid (FA) consisted in oleic acid (41.32%), followed by linoleic acid (23.08%). A comparison was made with Moroccan and Algerian PLFO showing that Tunisian PLFO is the richest in linoleic acid. The main tentatively identified triacylglycerols, which are in monounsaturated and polyunsaturated forms, were SLL+PLO (19.73%), OOL+LnPP (13.12%) and POO (10.57%). The primary sterol identified in PLFO was β‐sitosterol (80.19%). However, tocopherols were quantified at a content of 1249.16 mg g–1 of oil. The effect on platelet aggregation was evaluated on human platelet‐rich plasma treated with various PLFO concentrations, dissolved in ethanol (named POE) and then induced by ADP, collagen, and arachidonic acid (AA). The outcome revealed that 8 µL mL–1 of POE strongly inhibited ADP‐induced platelet aggregation in humans. Additionally, the expression of CD63 and P‐selectin as markers of platelet secretion, and αΙΙβ3 integrin activation were assessed by flow cytometry. It has been found that PLFO significantly reduced platelet activation as well as alpha and dense granule secretion. Moreover, the cytotoxicity assay on normal HEK‐293 cells, the hemolysis test and the platelet viability confirmed that PLFO is a safe substance. These findings are valuable for assessing the nutritional composition of PLFO within a preventive and/or therapeutic framework in a clinical context.Practical applications: PLFO is mainly used to alleviate problems related to poor blood circulation, especially for women but it is also employed to treat problems such as heavy legs and varicose veins. Furthermore, PLFO would prevent certain diseases such as phlebitis, and alleviates various disorders, including cardiovascular problems.
Tau‐targeting nanoparticles for treatment of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Pawar Shreya , Rauf Mohd Ahmar , Abdelhady Hosam , Iyer Arun K. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of neural connections and decreased brain tissue volume. Initially affecting the hippocampus and entorhinal complex, which are responsible for memory, the disease later impacts the cerebral cortex, controlling language, logic, and social conduct. While the exact cause is unknown, genetic mutations and environmental factors are implicated. Diagnosis involves computed tomography (CT) scans, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRIs), Positron emission tomography (PET) scans, and lumbar punctures to detect brain abnormalities, protein deposits, and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers. AD features beta‐amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tau tangles that disrupt neuronal function, chronic inflammation, blood‐brain barrier impairment, brain atrophy, and neuronal death. There is no cure; current treatments manage symptoms and slow cognitive decline. Research into genetic, cellular, and molecular pathways aims to develop targeted therapies. Tau tangle accumulation is closely linked to AD, making it crucial to explore therapies that restore normal tau pathways and prevent tau accumulation. Nanoparticulate drug delivery technologies offer promise in this area. This review discusses the potential of nanotechnology‐based therapies to target AD‐related tau accumulation and restore normal tau protein mechanics, which could preserve neuronal transmission, synaptic integrity, and brain tissue volume.