bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hubungan Kualitas Tidur Terhadap Prestasi Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muslim Indonesia
Authors: Nabila Annisa , Abdullah Rezky Putri Indarwati , Hawaidah Hawaidah 
Published: May 2024

Latar Belakang: Kualitas tidur dapat digambarkan sebagai persepsi individu bahwa dirinya dapat dengan mudah tertidur dan terbangun dengan durasi tidur yang cukup , sehingga memungkinkannya memulai aktivitas sehari - hari dengan pikiran tenang dan tidak mengalami malam tanpa tidur . Pada penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Puspito terhadap mahasiswa kedokteran yang menyetakan bahwa jika gangguan tidur yang di alami mahasiswa meningkat, maka prestasi belajar dari belajar dari mahasiswa akan menurun. Tujuan : Untuk mengetahui hubungan kualitas tidur terhadap Prestasi mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muslim Indonesia Angkatan 2020.. Metode : Penelitian dengan metode cross sectional dengan pengambilan sampel total sampling pada 256 mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muslim Indonesia Angkatan 2020. Hasil : Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan didapatkan karakteristik responden yaitu kualitas tidur baik berjumlah 44 mahasiswa dan yang mempunyai kualitas tidur buruk berjumlah 212 mahasiswa. Berdasarkan tabel yang diatas menggambarkan untuk prestasi mahasiswa yang memiliki prestasi kurang yaitu 2 orang (0,8%), prestasi memuaskan sebanyak 16 orang (6,3%), prestasi sangat memuaskan sebanyak 157 orang (61,3) dan yang memiliki prestasi dengan pujian sebanyak 81 orang (31,6%). Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan tidak terdapat hubungan antara kualitas tidur terhadap prestasi mahasiswa Fakultas kedokteran universitas muslim Indonesia Angkatan 2020.
Spiritualitas dalam Perspektif Pembangunan (Studi Kasus: Beberapa Daerah di Indonesia)
Authors: Supartono Annisa Rachman , Dwirizki Annisa , Irsyam Nabila Mauraputri Wijayasari , Suseno Bella Rizkylillah , Gatra Phalita , Fonseca Bimbi 
Published: May 2024

Berdasarkan gagasan dari berbagai penulis dalam penelitian sebelumnya, spiritualitas seringkali dipandang sebagai bagian dari budaya yang melekat dengan sistem kepercayaan pada entitas kelompok masyarakat lokal di suatu wilayah, dimana para penulis beranggapan bahwa spiritualitas mampu mempengaruhi pengambilan keputusan tentang penggunaan sumber daya lokal dalam pembangunan. Berbagai pandangan terkait spiritualitas dalam pembangunan ini menarik untuk dikaji, terlebih mengenai relasi antara konsep-konsep spiritualitas dengan praktik pembangunan yang ada saat ini; apakah keduanya berjalan selaras atau saling bertentangan. Maka dari itu penulis merasa perlu melakukan kajian dengan tujuan sebagai berikut, yakni mengetahui kaitan spiritualitas dengan pembangunan serta penerapan spiritualitas dalam pembangunan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode penelusuran pustaka dari berbagai buku dan jurnal terkait. Adapun studi kasus dalam penelitian ini meliputi nilai-nilai Tri Hita Karana pada masyarakat Bali; tradisi Baumo pada masyarakat Kecamatan Batin XXIV, Kabupaten Batanghari, Jambi; tradisi Merti Desa pada masyarakat Kecamatan Mangunrejo, Kabupaten Magelang, Jawa Tengah; dan nilai-nilai mitologi Nyi Roro Kidul di Pantai Pelabuhan Ratu, Kabupaten Sukabumi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya keterkaitan antara spiritualitas dan etika dalam pembangunan: pengetahuan dan pemahaman terhadap budaya lokal khususnya dalam hal spiritualitas sangat penting dan berguna bagi pengambil kebijakan pembangunan untuk menjadikan kebijakan di tingkat lokal menjadi lebih efektif dan efektif. berkelanjutan dimana memahami spiritualitas sebagai salah satu etika dalam pelaksanaan pembangunan.
TOXOPLASMOSE EM PESSOAS VIVENDO COM HIV
Authors: Barbosa Silva Pedro Augusto , De Souza Rafael Alves , de Souza Aranha Ana Carolina , Lins Abib Rafaela , El Bazi Gabriela , Prestes Savieto Giulia Aiello , Kazue Barreto Shono Giovana , Kerix Gontijo Clemente Ályfe , Pereira Batista Mariana , Massa Sartori Eduarda , Nogueira Coelho Henrique , Rêgo Barros de Andrade Isabela , Mayumi Oliveira Ueda Caroline 
Published: May 2024

O vírus da imunodeficiência humana é um vírus que quando presente em uma pessoa, se não tratado, pode cursar com imunossupressão e logo, a possibilidade de infecções oportunistas. A toxoplasmose é um protozoário chamado Toxoplasma gondii que pode ser encontrado em dejetos dos gatos, solo ou carnes mal cozidas. A maioria dos casos se manifesta de forma assintomática, porém, em pessoas imunossuprimidas, pode-se apresentar manifestações clínicas e complicações. O objetivo é analisar as possíveis complicações da infecção da toxoplasmose em pacientes com HIV e os benefícios do tratamento para prevenção dessas complicações. Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa dos últimos 5 anos, do período de 2019 a 2024, utilizando a base de dados: Medline e Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS). Os descritores utilizados foram “toxoplasmose” “HIV” “coinfecção” “tratamento”. Mostrou-se que a infecção de toxoplasmose em pacientes com HIV aumenta as chances de desenvolver complicações, principalmente neurológicas, nesses indivíduos. Complicações essas que vão desde encefalite toxoplásmica, até coma e óbito. Mostrou-se também que o tratamento adequado com uso das terapias antirretrovirais reduz a chance de infecções oportunistas, além disso o tratamento profilático primário minimiza as chances de desenvolver complicações quando indicado e o tratamento profilático secundário evita a remissão da doença. Nessa perspectiva, nota-se que a coinfecção aumenta o risco de desenvolver complicações e o tratamento é importante para diminuir ou até mesmo prevenir o desenvolvimento da doença.
The Risk of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Aneel Razzaq Muhammad , Atif Muhammad , Ullah Ubaid , Mehmood Mohsin , Irfan Muhammad , Sardar Kashif 
Published: May 2024

Objective: To evaluate the role of acute exacerbation of COPD in the risk of atrial fibrillation. Study Design: Cross sectional study design.Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at Bakhtawar Amin Hospital Multan and Recep Tayyip Erdogan Hospital Muzaffargarh, Pakistan from March 2022 to March 2023.Methods: The patients with acute, hypercapnic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) exacerbation were included in the study. A total of 200 patients were analyzed. Baseline data including demographic and clinical details, blood tests, ABG, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, ECG, pulmonary function test, and transthoracic echocardiography were recorded.Results: Of 200 patients, 40(20%) had an episode of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF). Atrial fibrillation was more prevalent in cases with lower FEV1 (P<.05). In addition, it was also more common in cases with higher PaCO2 (P<.05). Atrial Fibrillation was significantly higher in cases with larger LA diameters (34.1 ± 2.3 mm vs 46.1 ± 2.3 mm, P<.05), area (22.8 ± 4.1 cm2 vs 34.1 ± 5.1 cm2, P<.05) and higher PASP (36.1 mmHg ± 2.2 vs 46.4 mmHg ± 3.7, P<.05). RA area was larger in patients with AF and COPD compared to those without AF (25.6 ± 5.1cm2 vs 30.2 ± 6.4 cm2, P<0.05). These findings suggest COPD patients are at increased risk of AF and require measures to reduce the risk. These data will be helpful for further investigation and development of strategies to prevent AF morbidities in COPD patients.Conclusion: In patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, blood gas fluctuations, hemodynamic alterations, and abnormal pulmonary functions can lead to an increased risk of atrial fibrillation.
How to cite this: Razzaq MA, Atif M, Ullah U, Mehmood M, Irfan M, Sardar K. The Risk of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Life and Science. 2024; 5(2): 132-137. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.487
Comparison of Intralesional Meglumine Antimoniate Plus Oral Allopurinol with Intralesional Meglumine Antimoniate Alone for the Treatment of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis- A Prospective Study
Authors: Qayyum Nida , Gul Perisa , Zainab Aleena , Jawaid Maryam , Azam Muhammad , Sattar Sana 
Published: May 2024

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of the combination of oral allopurinol plus intralesional meglumine for thetreatment of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis.Study Design: A prospective study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at the Department of Dermatology, Combined MilitaryHospital, Multan, Pakistan from 18th September 2021 to 18th March 2022.Methods: The study was conducted on a total of 60 patients (30 in each group) who fulfilled the inclusioncriteria. Patients in group A were given oral allopurinol (15mg/kg/day) and intralesional meglumineantimoniate (2-5 ml). Patients in group B were given intralesional meglumine antimoniate (2-5 ml). All patientswere given 2 injections each week and were followed up for 8 weeks. The efficacy of the treatment was noted bythe disappearance of induration of the lesion and complete reepithelization of the ulcer. Healing wascharacterized by scar formation and was recorded.Results: Results showed that the cure rate in Group B was 16.6% (5), while in Group A it was 56.6% (17) (P<0.03).There was no significant difference in efficacy between both groups when stratified based on age, number oflesions per patient, and lesion location. However, the cure rate of ulcers and papules was significantly higher ingroup A compared to group B.Conclusion: It was concluded that the combination of intralesional meglumine antimoniate and oral allopurinolhas higher efficacy than intralesional meglumine antimoniate alone in the treatment of patients withcutaneous leishmaniasis.
How to cite this: Qayyum N, Gul P, Zainab A, Jawaid M, Azam M, Sattar S. Comparison of Intralesional Meglumine Antimoniate Plus Oral Allopurinol with Intralesional Meglumine Antimoniate Alone for the Treatment of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis- A Prospective Study. 2024; 5(2): 181-186. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.511
Pattern of Fast Food and Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Consumption among Students of Lahore Medical and Dental College, Lahore
Authors: Maqbool Saadia , Daud Seema , Saad Khawaja Allah Ditta , Ahmad Mehr Salman , Idrees Beya , Ejaz Kainat 
Published: May 2024

Objective: To assess fast food and sugar-sweetened beverages consumption patterns among medical studentsalong with associated factors and to determine the association between intake of these items and body massindex.Study Design: Cross-sectional study.Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Department of Community Medicine, LahoreMedical and Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan from May 2023 to September 2023.Methods: A convenience sampling technique was used to recruit 146 MBBS students. Using a structuredquestionnaire, information was obtained on the background of participants, fast food and sugar-sweetenedbeverages consumption, and their body mass index. Chi-square test was applied to find an association betweenvariables with p ≤ 0.05 taken as significant.Results: The study included 60% females and 52% boarders. Mothers of 6% of students and fathers of 12% ofstudents were doctors. The mean body mass index was 22.43±3.51. Frequent consumption of fast food was36% and of sugar-sweetened beverages was 12%. The most frequently consumed items were salty snacks (77%)and regular soda (67%). A significant relationship was found between fast food consumption with residence,the mother's profession, and awareness about nutritional information. Consumption of sugar-sweetenedbeverages was significantly related to gender and knowledge about the harmful effects of these beverages. Thebody mass index of students significantly increased with an increase in the use of sugar-sweetened beveragesand was inversely associated with fast food consumption.Conclusion: Consumption of fast food and sugar-sweetened beverages was high among study participants.Salty snacks and soda drinks were frequently consumed items. There is an immediate need for national policiesand strategies to create a healthy dietary environment among students.
How to cite this: Maqbool S, Daud S, Saad KAD, Ahmad MS, Idress B, Ejaz K. Pattern of Fast Food and Sugar Sweetened Beverages Consumption Among Students of Lahore Medical and Dental College, Lahore. Life and Science. 2024; 5(2): 172-180. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.621
Healthcare Providers՚ Experience of Non-Linguistic Barriers to Healthcare Provision for Official Language Illiterate Patients in Far-North Cameroon Healthcare Centers: A Contribution to Intercultural Communication
Authors: Kamtchueng Lozzi Martial Meutem 
Published: May 2024

Non-linguistic barriers have significant impacts on healthcare provisions. Drawing data from questionnaires administered through simple random sampling to 487 healthcare providers in 45 healthcare centers of the Far-North region of Cameroon, this paper sets out to study healthcare providers՚ experience of non-linguistic barriers to healthcare provision for official language illiterate patients (i.e. patients who lack complete communicative skills in official languages of Cameroon (English and French)). More precisely, the work investigates non-linguistic barriers to healthcare provision in Far-North Cameroon healthcare centers and discusses some remedial strategies. Campinha-Bacote՚s (2002) Cultural Competence of Healthcare Delivery has served as the theoretical framework for the study and the approach of analysis is both quantitative and qualitative. Findings reveal that religious barriers; cultural beliefs, practices, taboos and witchcraft; overdependence on traditional medicine, traditional doctors and soothsayers and exacerbated patriarchy constitute serious hindrance to healthcare provision in the healthcare centers in this region of Cameroon. Current trends and suggestions to limit these barriers include the following: informing, educating, communicating and counselling; familiarization of healthcare providers to the cultural practices of the community; gender-sensitiveness with regard to the caring of patients; referring some patients to colleagues of other healthcare centers; priority to female healthcare providers in women health services; recruiting healthcare providers who are of the locality in which healthcare centers are found and getting substitute product for blood during blood transfusion. It is argued that in addition to these current strategies, a more efficient approach to limit these barriers should incorporate intercultural competence. The paper intents to contribute to the domain of intercultural communication in the context of healthcare provision for official language illiterate patients in multicultural contexts.
What’s in a name: The role of verbalization in reinforcement learning
Authors: Schaaf Jessica V. , Johansson Annie , Visser Ingmar , Huizenga Hilde M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAbstract (e.g., characters or fractals) and concrete stimuli (e.g., pictures of everyday objects) are used interchangeably in the reinforcement-learning literature. Yet, it is unclear whether the same learning processes underlie learning from these different stimulus types. In two preregistered experiments (N = 50 each), we assessed whether abstract and concrete stimuli yield different reinforcement-learning performance and whether this difference can be explained by verbalization. We argued that concrete stimuli are easier to verbalize than abstract ones, and that people therefore can appeal to the phonological loop, a subcomponent of the working-memory system responsible for storing and rehearsing verbal information, while learning. To test whether this verbalization aids reinforcement-learning performance, we administered a reinforcement-learning task in which participants learned either abstract or concrete stimuli while verbalization was hindered or not. In the first experiment, results showed a more pronounced detrimental effect of hindered verbalization for concrete than abstract stimuli on response times, but not on accuracy. In the second experiment, in which we reduced the response window, results showed the differential effect of hindered verbalization between stimulus types on accuracy, not on response times. These results imply that verbalization aids learning for concrete, but not abstract, stimuli and therefore that different processes underlie learning from these types of stimuli. This emphasizes the importance of carefully considering stimulus types. We discuss these findings in light of generalizability and validity of reinforcement-learning research.
Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris Berbasis Literasi Digital Pasca Pandemi Covid 19
Authors: Mahsunah Evi 
Published: May 2024

Learning process in the Covid-19 pandemic era obliges teachers to develop methods that are suitable for students' conditions after a long period of online learning. The purpose of this study was to describe digital literacy-based English learning at SMA MA'arif Sidoarjo during the Covid-19 pandemic. This data was taken using observation of the learning process and interviews with teachers and students about the digital literacy-based English learning process. The results showed that the learning had been carried out face-to-face and the implementation of digital literacy-based English learning at SMA Ma'arif Sidoarjo was going well based on the 3 levels development of digital literacy. The first level, digital competence shows that all teachers and students have good skills in using internet-based digital devices in the learning process and polite student behavior in social media. Second, digital usage that used by teachers in delivering learning, finding other references such as pictures, videos, or texts related to the material. The last level, namely digital transformation, emerges from the creativity of teachers in developing innovative teaching materials and learning media. Then, students' creativity in doing assignments have been uploaded on Youtube and social media.
Exposing Line Emission: The Systematic Differences of Measuring Galaxy Stellar Masses with JWST NIRCam Medium versus Wide Band Photometry
Authors: Sarrouh Ghassan T. E. , Muzzin Adam , Iyer Kartheik G. , Mowla Lamiya , Withers Sunna , Martis Nicholas S. , Abraham Roberto , Asada Yoshihisa , Bradač Maruša , Brammer Gabriel B. , Desprez Guillaume , Estrada-Carpenter Vince , Matharu Jasleen , Noirot Gaël , Sawicki Marcin , Strait Victoria , Willott Chris J. , Zabl Johannes 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Photometrically derived stellar masses are known to suffer from systematic uncertainties, particularly due to nebular emission contributions to the spectral energy distribution (SED). Using James Webb Space Telescope NIRCam imaging from the CAnadian NIRISS Unbiased Cluster Survey, we introduce a comparison study of photometrically derived redshifts and stellar masses based on two photometric catalogs of the same field spanning ∼0.4–4.5 μm: one consisting solely of wide band photometry, and another employing a combination of wide and medium band photometry. We find that ∼70% of likely line emitters have consistent photometric redshifts between both catalogs, with a median stellar mass difference between the two catalogs of <0.2 dex across all redshift bins. There are, however, a subset of galaxies (5% at z ∼ 2 up to 15% at z ∼ 6) where wide bands underestimate emission line strengths and infer older stellar populations, leading to median stellar mass differences of ∼0.7 dex. Examination of the SEDs for galaxies with inconsistent photometric redshifts shows this is caused by the inability of the wide bands to distinguish continuum emission from emission lines. Computing a stellar mass density with our sample, we find that it is potentially underestimated using wide band photometry by ∼10%–20% at z < 4, and potentially overestimated by as much as a factor of 2–3 at z > 5. These systematic differences caused by the poor spectral resolution of wide bands have implications for both ongoing and future planned observing programs that determine stellar mass and other physical properties of high-redshift galaxies solely via wide band photometry.
Discovering the Mass-Scaled Damping Timescale from Microquasars to Blazars
Authors: Zhang Haoyang , Yang Shenbang , Dai Benzhong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Studying the variability of the accretion disks of black holes and jets is important to identify their internal physical processes. In this Letter, we obtain the characteristic damping timescale of 34 blazars and 7 microquasars from the Fermi-Large Area Telescope and the XMM-Newton X-ray telescope, respectively. We found that the mass-scaled characteristic timescales, ranging from the microquasars of stellar-mass black holes to the blazars of supermassive black holes, exhibited a linear relationship with a slope of ∼0.57. Given the fact the damping timescales of the γ-ray in the blazars are associated with the jet, we propose that the timescales of the X-ray in these microquasars are also related to the jet. The mass-scaled damping timescale that we found was consistent with the radiation of the optical accretion disk. This can be attributed to the viscous timescale at the ultraviolet-emitting radii of the disk, which can affect the jet. Our study provides a new perspective on the origin of the region of radiation and the possible disk–jet connection based on time-domain analysis.
Advances in Mechanism of HIV-1 Immune Reconstitution Failure: Understanding Lymphocyte Subpopulations and Interventions for Immunological Nonresponders
Authors: Liu Jiamin , Ding Chengchao , Shi Yu , Wang Yiyu , Zhang Xiangyu , Huang Lina , Fang Qin , Shuai Chenxi , Gao Yong , Wu Jianjun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In individuals diagnosed with AIDS, the primary method of sustained suppression of HIV-1 replication is antiretroviral therapy, which systematically increases CD4+ T cell levels and restores immune function. However, there is still a subset of 10–40% of people living with HIV who not only fail to reach normal CD4+ T cell counts but also experience severe immune dysfunction. These individuals are referred to as immunological nonresponders (INRs). INRs have a higher susceptibility to opportunistic infections and non–AIDS-related illnesses, resulting in increased morbidity and mortality rates. Therefore, it is crucial to gain new insights into the primary mechanisms of immune reconstitution failure to enable early and effective treatment for individuals at risk. This review provides an overview of the dynamics of key lymphocyte subpopulations, the main molecular mechanisms of INRs, clinical diagnosis, and intervention strategies during immune reconstitution failure, primarily from a multiomics perspective.