bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of MRI images to measure tissue thickness over the ischial tuberosity at different hip flexion
Authors: Makhsous Mohsen , Lin Fang , Cichowski Andrew , Cheng Iris , Fasanati Charles , Grant Thomas , Hendrix Ronald W. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe goal of this experiment was to investigate changes in the thickness of the soft tissue overlying the ischial tuberosity (IT) due to changes in hip flexion angle and the addition of a sitting load. Eleven healthy subjects were tested. An apparatus constructed from foam blocks and an air bladder was used to position the subjects in different postures within an MRI tube. MRI images of the buttocks and thigh were obtained for four postures: Supine, 45° Hip Flexion, Non‐Weight‐Bearing 90° Hip‐Flexion, and Weight‐Bearing 90° Hip‐Flexion. The thickness of muscle, adipose tissue, and skin was measured between the IT tip and skin surface, perpendicular to the cushion placed beneath the thighs. The tissue overlying the IT was found to be significantly (P < 0.001) thinner in 90° Hip‐Flexion (73.8 ± 9.0 mm) than in the supine position (135.9 ± 8.1 mm). Muscle thickness decreased significantly from Supine to Non‐Weight‐Bearing 90° Hip‐Flexion (59.1 ± 8.5%, P < 0.001), and further decreased from Non‐Weight‐Bearing to Weight‐Bearing 90° Hip‐Flexion (46.2 ± 7.9%, P < 0.001). Under Weight‐Bearing 90° Hip‐Flexion, the muscle tissue deformed significantly (P < 0.001) more than the adipose tissue and skin. We concluded that the tissue thickness covering the IT significantly decreased with hip flexion, and further decreased by nearly half during loading caused by sitting. In addition, the muscle tissue experienced the largest deformation during sitting. The results of this study may improve our understanding of risk factors for pressure ulcer development due to changes in tissue padding over the IT in different postures. Clin. Anat. 24:638–645, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
CO2 Capture for Fossil Fuel‐Fired Power Plants
Authors: Notz R. J. , Tönnies I. , McCann N. , Scheffknecht G. , Hasse H. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractAn overview of technologies for fossil fuel‐fired power plants with drastically reduced CO2 emissions is given. Post‐combustion capture, pre‐combustion capture, and oxyfuel technology are introduced and compared. Current research results indicate that post‐combustion capture may lead to slightly higher losses in power plant efficiency than the two other technologies. However, retrofitting of existing plants with oxyfuel technology is complex and costly, and retrofitting of pre‐combustion capture is not possible. On the other hand, post‐combustion capture can be retrofitted to existing power plants with only minimal effort. Based on the mature technology of reactive absorption, it can be implemented on a large scale in the near future. Therefore, post‐combustion capture using reactive absorption is discussed here in some detail.
N‐Heterocyclic Carbene‐Catalyzed Michael Additions of 1,3‐Dicarbonyl Compounds
Authors: Boddaert Thomas , Coquerel Yoann , Rodriguez Jean 
Published: January 2011

AbstractA study of the organocatalytic activity of N‐heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) in the Michael addition of 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds has allowed us to identify 1,3‐bis(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)imidazol‐2‐ylidene (IPr) as an excellent catalyst for this transformation (up to 99 % yield with a 2.5 mol % catalyst loading), and the reaction was found to be of broad scope. Two early applications of this unprecedented catalytic activity of NHCs are described, that is, the domino carbocyclization reactions of simple cyclic 1,3‐dicarbonyl and malonic acid derivatives, which allow stereoselective access to bridged bicyclic compounds, and the stereoselective synthesis of cyclohexanols (or cyclohexene). Early mechanistic investigations are also reported.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Red‐Emitting Phosphors K2Ba(MoO4)2: Eu3+, Sm3+ and Improvement of Luminescent Properties for Light Emitting Diodes.
Authors: Li Qiuxia , Huang Jiaping , Chen Donghua 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe new red emitting title phosphors are prepared by reaction of (NH4)6Mo7O24, BaCO3, K2CO3, Eu2O3, Sm2O3, NH4X (X: F, Cl, Br), polyethylene glycol, and EtOH (800 °C, 5 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Solvothermal Synthesis of Two Polymorphs of an Indium Germanate Incorporating an Organic Amine Ligand: β‐ and γ‐In2Ge6O15 (NH2CH2CH2NH2)2.
Authors: Wang Chih‐Min , Yang Ciao‐Wei , Lin Chia‐Hui , Lii Kwang‐Hwa 
Published: January 2011

AbstractColorless thin‐plate crystals of the β‐form (II) are synthesized as shown.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis by Organic Molten Salt Method and Characterization of Chalcopyrite AgInS2 Nanorods.
Authors: Zhang Jianjun , Huang Yi 
Published: January 2011

AbstractAgInS2 nanorods are prepared by the organic molten salt method from AgNO3, InCl3, and thiourea in a eutectic mixture of urea and choline chloride (200 °C, 6 h, 82% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: 1,4‐Addition of Bis(iodozincio)methane to α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones: Chemical and Theoretical/Computational Studies.
Authors: Sada Mutsumi , Furuyama Taniyuki , Komagawa Shinsuke , Uchiyama Masanobu , Matsubara Seijiro 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe 1,4‐addition of bis(iodozincio)methane to α,β‐unsaturated ketones proceeds in the presence of chlorotrimethylsilane and affords silyl enol ethers of β‐zincinomethyl ketone.
ChemInform Abstract: Redox Catalysis of Halide Ion for Formal Cross‐Dehydrogenative Coupling: Bromide Ion‐Catalyzed Direct Oxidative α‐Acetoxylation of Ketones.
Authors: Nagano Takashi , Jia Zhenhua , Li Xingshu , Yan Ming , Lu Gui , Chan Albert S. C. , Hayashi Tamio 
Published: January 2011

AbstractSimple bromide salts can act as catalyst for the direct oxidative α‐acetoxylation of Ketones.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium(II)‐Catalyzed Highly Regio‐ and Stereoselective Synthesis of 2‐Chloro‐1,3‐diene Derivatives from Alkynols and Alkenes.
Authors: Jiang Huanfeng , Qiao Chunli , Liu Weibing 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe Pd‐catalyzed reaction of alkynols with terminal alkenes proceeds smoothly in the presence of CuCl2 to give chlorodienes, e.g. (III), (V) and (VII), with excellent regio‐ and diastereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Simple Diynals, Diynones, Their Hydrazones, and Diazo Compounds: Precursors to a Family of Dialkynyl Carbenes (R1—CC—C—CC—R2).
Authors: Bowling Nathan P. , Burrmann Nicola J. , Halter Robert J. , Hodges Jonathan A. , McMahon Robert J. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractVarious approaches are reported.
ChemInform Abstract: ortho‐Directed Functionalization of Arenes Using Magnesate Bases.
Authors: Bellamy Estelle , Bayh Omar , Hoarau Christophe , Trecourt Francois , Queguiner Guy , Marsais Francis 
Published: January 2011

AbstractAn efficient procedure for the ortho‐magnesation of five main classes of arenes is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Indium‐Mediated Reaction of 1‐Bromo‐1‐nitroalkenes with Aldehydes: Access to 2‐Nitroalkan‐1‐ols.
Authors: Soengas Raquel G. , Estevez Amalia M. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractIndium‐mediated addition of bromonitromethane derivatives towards aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes represents a useful alternative to classical nitro‐aldol reaction in the synthesis of nitroalkanols like (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium‐Catalyzed Intermolecular Alkyne Hydroacylation: The Enantioselective Synthesis of α‐ and β‐Substituted Ketones by Kinetic Resolution.
Authors: Gonzalez‐Rodriguez Carlos , Parsons Scott R. , Thompson Amber L. , Willis Michael C. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe Rh‐catalyzed asymmetric addition of α‐ (VII) or β‐substituted S‐chelating aldehydes (I), (V) towards terminal alkynes (II) is successfully used as kinetic resolution procedure to afford the corresponding α‐ and β‐substituted enones in up to 90% optical purity.
ChemInform Abstract: Multicomponent Reaction of Imidazo[1,5‐a]pyridine Carbenes with Aldehydes and Dimethyl Acetylenedicarboxylate or Allenoates: A Straightforward Approach to Fully Substituted Furans.
Authors: Pan Huan‐Rui , Li Yong‐Jia , Yan Cai‐Xia , Xing Juan , Cheng Ying 
Published: January 2011

AbstractTreatment of the title carbenes with aldehydes and DMAD results in formation of aminofurans such as (IV) and/or (V) depending on the nature of substituents and conditions used.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Indium‐Catalyzed Three‐Component Reaction: General and Efficient One‐Pot Synthesis of Substituted Pyrroles.
Authors: Lin Min , Hao Lu , Ma Rui‐da , Zhan Zhuang‐ping 
Published: January 2011

AbstractA cascade reaction consisting of propargylation, imination and cycloisomerization allows the synthesis of highly functionalized pyrroles.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic and Electrophilic Approach to Oxindoles with C3‐Quaternary Stereocenters.
Authors: Peng Jing , Huang Xin , Cui Hai‐Lei , Chen Ying‐Chun 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe choice of solvent has a drastic effect on yields and enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: New and Convenient Route for the Synthesis of Some New Pyrazol‐5‐yl‐1H‐imidazole Derivatives.
Authors: Zonouzi Afsaneh , Mirzazadeh Roghieh , Talebi Marzieh , Jafarypoor Razieh , Peivandi Azadeh , Ng Seik Weng 
Published: January 2011

AbstractAn efficient multicomponent, solvent‐free one‐pot protocol for the synthesis of eight new members of title series (IV) is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Cyclic N‐Sulfonylimines with Phosphine‐Free Chiral Cationic Ru‐MsDPEN Catalysts.
Authors: Chen Fei , Li Zhiwei , He Yanmei , Fan Qinghua 
Published: January 2011

AbstractRu/diamine complexes effectively catalyze the asymmetric hydrogenation of N‐sulfonylimines (I) and (III) affording the chiral sultam derivatives (II) and (IV), resp., with good to very good enantioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Chelation‐Assisted, Copper(II)‐Acetate‐Accelerated Azide—Alkyne Cycloaddition.
Authors: Kuang Gui‐Chao , Michaels Heather A. , Simmons J. Tyler , Clark Ronald J. , Zhu Lei 
Published: January 2011

AbstractAzides bearing N‐substituents or carboxylic acid units react with alkynes to afford triazoles like (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis of Symmetric and Asymmetric Viologens.
Authors: Lamberto Massimiliano , Rastede Elizabeth E. , Decker Justyne , Raymo Francisco M. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractOptimized reaction conditions including microwave irradiation allow the preparation of the target compounds via N‐alkylation of 4,4′‐bipyridine with alkyl halides.
ChemInform Abstract: Azaanthraquinone Assembly from N‐Propargylamino Quinone via Iodine‐Induced 6‐endo‐dig Electrophilic Cyclization.
Authors: Fei Na , Hou Qiwen , Wang Shaozhong , Wang Huaqin , Yao Zhu‐Jun 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe metal‐free protocol features mild conditions for installation of an iodine atom on the azaanthraquinone ring and benign functional group compatibility.
ChemInform Abstract: Iodine: Selectively Promote the Synthesis of Mono Substituted Quinazolin‐4(3H)‐ones and 2,3‐Dihydroquinazolin‐4(1H)‐ones in One‐Pot.
Authors: Zeng Li‐Yan , Cai Chun 
Published: January 2011

AbstractNovel and versatile methods for the selective synthesis of substituted quinazolinones or related dihydroquinazolinones are developed using iodine‐catalyzed multicomponent reactions of isatoic anhydride.
ChemInform Abstract: Water‐Accelerated Cationic π‐(7‐endo) Cyclization: Application to Indole‐Based Peri‐Annulated Polyheterocycles.
Authors: Saifuddin Mohammad , Agarwal Piyush K. , Sharma Sudhir K. , Mandadapu Anil K. , Gupta Sahaj , Harit Vimal K. , Kundu Bijoy 
Published: January 2011

AbstractIndole‐ and azaindole‐based biaryl compounds undergo the cyclization with aromatic or aliphatic aldehydes in the presence of catalytic amounts of TFA within 30 minutes to give fused benzazepines.
ChemInform Abstract: Base‐Catalyzed Dehydrogenative Si—O Coupling of Dihydrosilanes: Silylene Protection of Diols.
Authors: Grajewska Agnieszka , Oestreich Martin 
Published: January 2011

AbstractDehydrogenative coupling of 1,3‐ and 1,4‐diols and dihydrosilanes in the presence of Cs2CO3 affords six‐ and seven‐membered 1,3‐dioxo‐2‐silacycles, respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Zinc‐Mediated Asymmetric Additions of Dialkylphosphine Oxides to α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones and N‐Sulfinylimines.
Authors: Zhao Depeng , Mao Lijuan , Yang Dongxu , Wang Rui 
Published: January 2011

AbstractA number of β‐phosphorylated ketones is prepared in high yield and enantioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Aminocadambines A and B, Two Novel Indole Alkaloids from Neolamarckia cadamba.
Authors: Liu Ling‐Li , Di Ying‐Tong , Zhang Qiang , Fang Xin , Zhu Feng , Chen Dong‐Lin , Hao Xiao‐Jiang , He Hong‐Ping 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe absolute configuration is established for aminocadambine A (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient and Facile Synthesis of 5‐Azido‐2′‐deoxyuridine.
Authors: Gourdain Stephanie , Petermann Christian , Harakat Dominique , Clivio Pascale 
Published: January 2011

AbstractA safe, convenient and easily reproducible synthesis of the photoaffinity label (V) starting from commercially available nucleoside (I) is given.
ChemInform Abstract: New Prenylated Xanthone from the Branch of Garcinia costata.
Authors: Nuangnaowarat Warraphong , Phupong Worrapong , Intereya Kamolphan , Isaka Masahiko 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe new xanthone costatin (I) exhibits significant antimalarial activity (IC50 1.57 μg/mL).
ChemInform Abstract: 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloadditions of Nitrones to Heterosubstituted Alkenes. Part 1. Oxa‐ and Aza‐Substituted Alkenes
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Binh , Martel Arnaud , Gaulon Catherine , Dhal Robert , Dujardin Gilles 
Published: January 2011

AbstractReview: 107 refs.
Synthesis and Characterization of Indium‐borate Glass‐ceramics Containing Ho0.01Ce0.74Zr0.25O1.995 Nanorods via Incorporation Method
Authors: Alemi Abdolali , Khandar Ali Akbar , Salem Amin , Kafi‐Ahmadi Leila 
Published: January 2011

AbstractGlasses in the system 5In2O3·94Na2B4O7 were fabricated via melt quenching technique. The amorphous nature of the quenched glasses was confirmed by X‐ray powder diffraction studies, and the infrared spectra of the glasses show no boroxol ring formation in the structure of these glasses. Differential thermal analysis is shown glass transition temperature 696°C and crystallization temperature 1151°C. A cerium‐zirconium mixed oxide Ce0.75Zr0.25O2 and Ho‐doped cerium‐zirconium mixed oxide were obtained by solid‐state method. Then glass powder and Ho‐doped cerium‐zirconium mixed oxide were mixed. The mixture was heated in a crucible. The glass‐ceramic sample was obtained by pouring the melts on stainless steel. Obtained samples were annealed at 450°C for 1 h to remove thermal strain. Differential thermal analysis for glass‐ceramic sample is shown glass transition temperature 668°C and crystallization temperature 1159°C. The scanning electron microscopy study for glass‐ceramic indicates that the crystallized glass consists of rod‐like crystals with average diameter of about 38 nm dispersed in the glassy regions.
Synthesis of Mesoporous Silica Immobilized with 3‐[(Mercapto or amino)propyl]trialkoxysilane by a Simple One‐pot Reaction
Authors: Adam Farook , Hello Kasim Mohammed , Osman Hasnah 
Published: January 2011

AbstractSodium silicate from rice husk ash (RHA) was transformed to functionalized silica with 3‐(mercaptopropyl)‐trimethoxysilane (MPTMS) or 3‐(aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) via a simple sol‐gel technique in a one‐pot synthesis to give RHAPrSH and RHAPrNH2. The 29Si MAS NMR of RHAPrSH and RHAPrNH2 showed the presence of T1, T2, T3, Q2, Q3 and Q4 silicon centers. The 13C MAS NMR showed that RHAPrSH had chemical shifts at δ 16.59, 32.73, consistent with two of the carbon atoms of the MPTMS moiety, while the 13C MAS NMR of RHAPrNH2 had chemical shifts at δ 14.58, 26.13, 47.87, consistent with the three carbon atoms of the APTES moiety. The presence of carbon, silicon, sulfur and nitrogen in RHAPrSH and RHAPrNH2 was determined by a combination of elemental analysis and EDX study.
Synthesis of Layered Sodium Manganese Phosphate via Low‐heating Solid State Reaction and Its Properties
Authors: Wu Xuehang , Wu Wenwei , Liu Chen , Li Shushu , Liao Sen , Cai Jinchao 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe layered nanocrystalline sodium manganese phosphate was synthesized by low‐heating solid state reaction using MnSO4·H2O and Na3PO4·12H2O as raw materials. The resulting sodium manganese phosphate and its calcined products were characterized using element analysis, thermogravimetry and differential thermal analyses (TG/DTA), Fourier transform IR (FT‐IR), X‐ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ultraviolet‐visible (UV‐Vis) absorption spectroscopy, and magnetic susceptibility. The results showed that the product obtained at 70°C for 3 h, NaMnPO4·3H2O, was a layered compound, and its crystallite size and interlayer distance were 27 nm and 1.124 nm, respectively. The thermal process of NaMnPO4·3H2O between room temperature and 700°C experienced three steps, the dehydration of the one adsorption water at first, and then dehydration of the two crystal waters, at last crystallization of NaMnPO4. Magnetic susceptibility measurements of NaMnPO4· 3H2O from room temperature to 2.5 K point to ferrimagnetic ordering at TN‐35 K.
A Potassium‐Lithium Double Salt of Decavanadate Showing Unprecedented (6,8)‐Connected Topology
Authors: Lü Yaokang , Feng Yunlong 
Published: January 2011

AbstractA new potassium lithium double salt of decavanadate, K4Li2[V10O28]·10H2O (1) has been synthesized and characterized. 1 crystallizes in the triclinic system, and features an unusual (6,8)‐connected network with the K4O32 clusters, Li2O10 clusters and V10O28 clusters. The K4O32 clusters and Li2O10 clusters share an edge and a triangle plane to form an infinite rod‐shaped chain. The chains are further interlinked by V10O28 clusters to generate the final 3D framework. UV‐Vis spectrum, fluorescent spectrum and cyclic voltammetry curves have been studied.
Synthesis of Stereoisomers of Cryptofolione 6′‐Mono‐ and 4′,6′‐Di‐O‐benzyl Ethers
Authors: Sabitha Gowravaram , Bhaskar Vangala , Siva Sankara Reddy S. , Yadav J. S. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractSynthesis of stereoisomers of 6′‐mono‐ and 4′,6′‐di‐O‐benzyl cryptofolione is described through a key intermediate 6, which was prepared by coupling of iodobenzene 8 with chiral propargyl alcohol 9 under Cosford protocol conditions. Monobenzyl ether 4 is obtained via epoxide 6 opening with vinyl Grignard, followed by cross‐metathesis reaction with a vinyl lactone 11. Whereas, dibenzyl ether 5 is prepared by epoxide 6 opening with chiral propargyl alcohol 7 followed by simple transformations and finally cis‐Wittig olefination.
Synthesis, Photophysical and Electrochemical Characterization of the Heteroleptic Iridium Complexes with Modified Ancillary Ligand by Carrier‐transporting Groups
Authors: Liang Aihui , Wang Yafei , Liu Yu , Tan Hua , Cao Yunbo , Li Liang , Li Xiaoshuang , Ma Wenjie , Zhu Meixiang , Zhu Weiguo 
Published: January 2011

AbstractTwo heteroleptic iridium complexes with a general formulation of (piq)2Ir(G‐pic) were synthesized and characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and element analysis, in which piq is 1‐phenylisoquinoline, G‐pic is picolinic acid derivative containing carrier‐transporting group by a non‐conjugated connection of 1,6‐dioxyhexane. Both (piq)2Ir(G‐pic) complexes exhibited an enhanced UV absorption band at 310–400 nm, an increased HOMO energy level and an identical red emission peaked at 612 nm with higher fluorescence quantum efficiency (øf), compared to (piq)2Ir(pic) in dichloromethane solution. Interestingly, this iridium complex containing both hole‐transporting triphenylamine and electron‐transporting oxadiazole moieties exhibited the best Фf of 0.58 using Ru(bpy)3(PF6)2 as the reference (øf=0.062 in acetonitrile). This work indicates that incorporating carrier‐transporting groups into ancillary ligand by a non‐conjugated connection is available for improving the optophysical properties of their iridium complexes.
FeCl3‐Catalyzed Condensation of 2‐Naphthol and Aldehydes under Solvent‐Free Reaction Conditions: An Efficient and Green Alternative for the Synthesis of 14‐Aryl(Alkyl)‐14‐H‐dibenzo[a, j]xanthenes
Authors: Wang Bo , Li Pinghua , Zhang Yicheng , Wang Lei 
Published: January 2011

AbstractAn iron‐catalyzed condensation of 2‐naphthol with aldehydes has been described. In the presence of a catalytic amount of iron(III) chloride (5 mol%), the condensation reaction of 2‐naphthol and aldehydes underwent smoothly to generate the corresponding products in good to excellent yields under base‐, acid‐, ligand‐, additive‐, and solvent‐free reaction conditions.
Effect of pH on the Metabolism of Aconitine under Rat Intestinal Bacteria and Analysis of Metabolites Using HPLC/MS‐MSn Technique
Authors: Wang Xiye , Pi Zifeng , Liu Wenlong , Zhao Yufeng , Liu Shuying 
Published: January 2011

AbstractA semi‐quantitative method of mass spectrometry (MS) has been described for the analysis of metabolites of aconitine by rat intestinal bacteria at different pH. At pH 7.0, the rat intestinal bacteria exhibit optimal activity for the metabolism of aconitine. A high‐performance liquid chromatography‐electrospray ionization multiple‐stage mass spectrometry (HPLC/ESI‐MSn) method has been applied to investigate the characteristic product ions of metabolites. Then, the logical fragmentation pathways of metabolites have been proposed. By comparing the retention time (tR) of HPLC and the ESI‐MSn data with the data of standard compounds and reports from literature, ten metabolites have been identified and a distinctive metabolite (15‐deoxyaconitine) has been deduced first time. The experimental results demonstrate that HPLC/ESI‐MSn is a specific and useful method for the identification of metabolites of aconitine. Also, in the present paper, the HPLC‐MS method was introduced to determine the synthetical metabolite prior to the study of the toxicity by the method of Bliss.
Preparation for Optimal Conformation of Lysozyme with Nanodiamond and Nanosilica as Carriers
Authors: Wu Victor Wei‐Keh , Kure(Ko) Fumi 
Published: January 2011

AbstractSolutions of suspended particles of nanodiamond and nanosilica in deionized water 25 mg/10 mL were prepared for the purpose of achieving saturation adsorption. The respective saturation thresholds and adsorption reaction constants of lysozyme of extremely diluted concentrations 0–1000 nmol/L in 7 mmol/L (potassium phosphate buffer solution) PPBS on the surfaces of nanodiamond and nanosilica of 100 nm diameter have been measured. The adsorbed quantities of lysozyme on a unit surface area of both nanoparticles can be derived. The possible influences by the adsorption surface profile and adsorption surface area, adsorption ability of the nanoparticles, strength and activity of lysozyme have been discussed.
Monodisperse CeO2 sub‐micro spherical aggregates with controllable building blocks
Authors: Wei Jingjing , Yang Zhijie , Yang Yanzhao , Wei Huiying 
Published: January 2011

AbstractMonodisperse CeO2 spherical aggregates with diameters ranging from 200 to 300 nm have been successfully synthesized through a facile hydrothermal method. The structure and morphology of the samples were characterized by powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and field‐emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM). The building blocks (primary nanocrystals) of the spherical aggregates could be effectively tuned by adding different amount of urea. Furthermore, N2 adsorption/desorption experiment displays a gradual increase of BET surface areas of spherical aggregates with increasing the amount of urea. Finally, the formation mechanism of CeO2 spherical aggregates was preliminarily discussed. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)