bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Concerns of South Korean Patients and Family Members Affected with Genetic Conditions: A Content Analysis of Internet Website Messages
Authors: Kang Heejung , McCarthy Veach Patricia , LeRoy Bonnie S. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe genetic counseling profession is expanding globally, and many countries, such as South Korea, are in the early stages of developing programs to prepare healthcare professionals specifically trained as genetic counselors. However, little research has investigated the concerns of South Korean patients and family members that have genetic conditions. The present study assessed their concerns by accessing and analyzing messages posted to websites devoted to genetic conditions. Eighteen websites were accessed—1 website concerns general genetic conditions, and 17 concern specific conditions. A sample of 700 messages was translated into English and analyzed using grounded theory analysis. Three major themes and 30 categories were extracted. The themes are: 1) Medical Concerns (e.g., clinical symptoms, diagnosis, prognosis, recurrence risk, prevention, inheritance); 2) Psychosocial Concerns (e.g., emotions, social stigma, social support); and 3) Management Concerns (e.g., therapy and alternative treatments, education, financial support, nutrition, medical facilities, folk remedies). The findings provide insight into the types of information and genetic counseling services that might benefit South Korean individuals and family members.
Adaptation to a limiting environment: the phosphorus content of terrestrial cave arthropods
Authors: Schneider Katie , Kay Adam D. , Fagan William F. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractStoichiometric imbalances (mismatches between elemental ratios of consumers and their food) are expected to be especially important in detritus‐based systems because poor resource quality may impose severe growth constraints. Such imbalances have been highlighted in producer‐based food webs and detritus‐based aquatic systems, but similar investigations of detritus‐based terrestrial ecosystems are absent. Cave animals are dependent on detrital subsidies from the surface and display adaptations to caves (e.g., decreased growth and metabolic rates). Here we examined how nutrient quality may constrain consumer strategies in caves. We found that the quality of cave resources was comparable to resources on the surface, but there was some evidence that cave animals may face nutritional constraints for at least a part of the year. Such constraints may be especially important for millipedes, whose C:P was particularly low (i.e., nutrient‐demanding) relative to cave detritus. Based on the growth rate hypothesis, we predicted that cave‐adapted species would have lower %P, lower %RNA, and a lower RNA/DNA ratio relative to surface‐dwelling counterparts; however, the differences we discovered between congeneric millipedes may not necessarily be due to P scarcity. Consistent with stoichiometric theory, we found significant negative %P allometry across phylogenetic groupings of 17 cave arthropods. We did not see this allometric relationship in millipedes, perhaps because of the lowered P content of the cave‐obligate species. Our results highlight the potential for stoichiometric challenges of caves to influence the adaptations of terrestrial cave animals. This novel explanation for cave adaptation may yield insights into cave biodiversity and biogeography.
Clinical Experience in Timed Arterial Compression Contrast-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Angiography of the Hand
Authors: Gutzeit Andreas , Eckhardt Boris , Beranek Jan , Wentz Klaus U. , Willemse Edwin , Jenelten Regula , Binkert Christoph A. , Froehlich Johannes M. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose A retrospective analysis of the diagnostic performance of the timed arterial compression (TAC) technique, which allows freezing of the contrast bolus during first-pass contrast-enhanced (CE) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) to diagnose vascular pathologies in the hand. Material and Methods A total of 14 consecutive CE-MRAs of the hand were acquired by using the TAC technique. By inflating a blood pressure cuff up to 200 mm Hg triggered to the arterial contrast filling of the hand, prolonged measurement times up to 144 seconds, with a spatial resolution of 0.59 × 0.59 × 0.8 mm3, could be realized. Overall image qualities, arterial signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), and vessel conspicuity besides the final diagnosis were evaluated. Results All 14 TAC-CE-MRAs of the hand were successfully accomplished without any adverse events and yielded, in all cases, a final diagnosis with a high total number of vascular pathologies (57). High arterial SNR and CNR values exceeding the soil of 85 and 60, respectively, resulted. Thus, overall vessel visibility (>90%), vessel conspicuity (mean Δ signal intensity [SI]/mm = 1,193) and image quality on a per patient level (>60%) were rated as excellent or good. Conclusions TAC-CE-MRA of the hand offers high diagnostic performance because of its increased spatial resolution while preserving contrast, which allowed detection of tiny stenoses of the digital arteries.
The Value of Preprocedure Computed Tomography for Planning Insertion of Inferior Vena Cava Filters
Authors: Jaskolka Jeffrey D. , Kwok Rachel P.W. , Gray Sara H. , Mojibian Hamid R. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose To determine if valuable information could be obtained from abdominal computed tomography (CT) performed before insertion of an inferior vena cava (IVC) filter. Materials and Methods A retrospective review was performed on IVC filter insertions with a CT performed before the procedure. Cavagram and CT were compared for renal vein and IVC anatomy, the diameter of the IVC, and the prevalence of iliocaval thrombus. Correlations were assessed among 3 reference standards for measuring the IVC at cavography. Results The mean IVC diameter was 23.0 mm on CT. On cavagram the mean IVC diameter was assessed by using 3 reference standards: 20.7 mm, with the catheter tip as a reference; 26.9 mm, with a radiopaque ruler; and 23.4 mm, by using a lumbar vertebral body. There was good correlation among the 3 measures of IVC diameter (Pearson's r = 0.75, P < .0001) but moderate correlation with CT (r = 0.36–0.56, P < .001). The sensitivity of cavagram for detecting retroaortic and circumaortic renal veins was 40% and 0%, respectively. Nineteen accessory renal veins (12.8%) were not seen by cavagram. Thirteen patients (8.8%) had iliocaval thrombus on cavagram, of which 12 (92.3%) were not previously detected by CT. Conclusions CT is more sensitive than cavagram for detection of renal vein variants and the level of the lowest renal vein. Therefore, if available, the CT should be reviewed before placement of an IVC filter to optimize positioning. Cavagram remains the criterion standard for detection of iliocaval thrombosis and is necessary before IVC filter insertion.
Sedimentogenesis and resource potential of Middle–Upper Bathonian reservoirs in the Middle Ob’ region
Authors: Kontorovich A.E. , Vakulenko L.G. , Kazanenkov V.A. , Skvortsov M.B. , Yan P.A. , Bykov V.V. , Popov A.Yu. , Saenko L.S. 
Published: January 2010

Abstract
This study provides a comprehensive sedimentologic analysis of the J2 prospective horizon (Middle–Late Bathonian) in the central West Siberian Basin. Based on the extensive dataset, it was established that structural complexity of this horizon is largely caused by a variety of depositional environments. Sedimentary facies of this horizon pass upward from widespread continental at the base, through deltaic or coastal-continental, to marginal-marine at the top. Change in the paleohypsometry of the study area reflects the distribution of depositional environments, in terms of the proportions of continental, transitional, and marine deposits. The study also shows that facies variability and change in depositional settings can have a significant control on reservoir quality, as well as its vertical and lateral distribution. Using a combination of detailed GDE reconstructions, structure contour mapping on the top and base of the J2 horizon, analyses of well test data, probability of reservoir presence, distribution of average porosity and permeability within different subenvironments, a composite map showing variations in the reservoir effectiveness in the J2 horizon was generated.
Radon as a tracer of tectonic movements
Authors: Utkin V.I. , Yurkov A.K. 
Published: January 2010

Abstract
We suggest a model of radon emanation under compression or extension strain from a medium equivalent to rocks containing pores and cracks. The model is shown in several examples to be suitable for simulating the nucleation of rock bursts in deep mines and earthquakes. According to correlation of strain and radon measurements at the same sites, a relative strain change of n × 10−7 corresponds to a 200% change of radon activity concentration. This high sensitivity means that radon data can be good tracers of tectonic movements.
EFFECT OF MODIFICATION OF TREE DENSITY AND GEOMETRY ON INTERCROP YIELDS AND ECONOMIC RETURNS IN LEUCAENA-BASED AGRO-FORESTRY SYSTEMS FOR WOOD PRODUCTION IN ANDHRA PRADESH, SOUTHERN INDIA
Authors: PRASAD J. V. N. S. , KORWAR G. R. , RAO K. V. , SRINIVAS K. , RAMA RAO C. A. , SRINIVASARAO CH. , VENKATESWARLU B. , RAO S. N. , KULKARNI H. D. 
Published: January 2010

SUMMARYLeucaena leucocephala is cultivated at close spacings that do not permit intercropping. This has been a discouraging factor for small landholders who need regular income to establish leucaena plantations and benefit from the rapidly expanding market for wood. Therefore, on-farm experiments were conducted near Bhadrachalam, Khammam district, Andhra Pradesh, India, from August 2001 to January 2006, to study the effect of reducing tree density and modifying tree geometry on the growth of leucaena and productivity of intercrops. The inter-row spacing of 1.3 m in farmers' practice was increased up to 13 m to examine whether wide-row planting and grouping of certain rows would facilitate extended intercropping without sacrificing wood yield. Tree density treatments tried were 1.3 × 1.3 m, 3 × 0.75 m, 3 × 1 m, 5 × 0.8 m and 3 × 2 m which gives densities of 5919, 4444, 3333, 2500 and 1666 trees ha−1, respectively. Tree geometry treatments tested were 7 × 1 m paired row spacing (7 × 1 PR), 10 × 1 m triple row spacing (10 × 1 TR), and 13 × 1 m four rows (13 × 1 FR) with a constant tree population of 2500 trees ha−1. Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) was the intercrop. While changes in tree density affected diameter at breast height (DBH) significantly, modification of tree geometry did not affect tree height and DBH. Marketable wood and dry biomass productivity was highest with 3 × 0.75 m spacing, and reducing tree density and alteration of tree geometry reduced the biomass considerably. In 2001, 2002 and 2003 seasons, respectively, tree spacing at 3 m produced mean yields of 97, 23 and 11% of the sole crop cowpea yield whereas modified tree geometry treatments produced mean yields of 97, 61 and 20% of sole crop yield. The widest spacing (13 × 1 FR) recorded 95, 73 and 30% of the sole crop yields during 2001, 2002 and 2003, respectively. Net returns from intercropping of leucaena in 3 × 0.75 m spacing was 36% higher than that of the farmers' practice. Although wider tree geometry treatments recorded lower net returns, they provided higher intercrop yields and returns in the first two years of plantation establishment. Therefore, it can be concluded that in regions where annual rainfall is around 1000 mm, leucaena can be planted at a spacing of 3 × 0.75 m for improving intercrop performance, higher tree productivity and returns.
THE ROLE OF RELATIONSHIP POWER IN COUPLE DECISIONS ABOUT CONTRACEPTION IN THE US
Authors: GRADY WILLIAM R. , KLEPINGER DANIEL H. , BILLY JOHN O. G. , CUBBINS LISA A. 
Published: January 2010

SummaryMost analyses of the contraceptive decision-making in which couples engage are based on the reports of only one partner, usually the female partner. This study uses information from the 2006 National Couples Survey conducted in the US, which was obtained from both partners in intimate heterosexual relationships to investigate the relative impact of the male and female partner's method preferences on the type of method they use together. It also investigates the extent to which differences in power between the partners, measured on multiple dimensions, may weigh the decision-making process toward one partner or the other. The results suggest that men's and women's method preferences are both significantly related to the couples' method choice. Further, there is no evidence of a significant gender difference in the magnitude of these relationships, although women in married and cohabiting relationships appear to have greater power over method choice than women in dating relationships. The analysis also finds that structural power as measured by relative education and income affects partner differences in the relationship between preferences and method choice, but is more important for married and cohabiting couples than for dating couples. In contrast, relationship-based power sources, including relative commitment and relative relationship alternatives, have significant effects only for dating couples.
SOCIOECONOMIC CHANGES AS COVARIATES OF OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY AMONG TANGKHUL NAGA TRIBAL WOMEN OF MANIPUR, NORTH-EAST INDIA
Authors: MUNGREIPHY N. K. , KAPOOR SATWANTI 
Published: January 2010

SummaryThe prevalence of overweight/obesity is increasing worldwide. Although countries like India are typically thought of as having a high prevalence of undernutrition, significant proportions of overweight/obese now co-exist with the undernourished. This study aims to find the prevalence of overweight/obesity, and its association with socioeconomic change, among Tangkhul women in India. The cross-sectional study was carried out among 346 Tangkhul women aged 20–70 years, who were divided into five 10-year age groups. Mean BMI was found to be lowest among the youngest age group, and it increased with age until the age of 59 and then declined. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was found to be 27.1%, as assessed from the Asian cut-off point. Although the prevalence of obesity (2.0%) was low when compared with Indian non-tribal female populations, the prevalence of overweight (25.1%) was not far behind. Overweight and obesity were found to be associated with age, marital status, physical activity level, lifestyle and improvement in socioeconomic status, especially occupation and income. When compared with urban non-tribal Indian females, who have a higher socioeconomic status, the prevalence of overweight/obesity among Tangkhul females is lower, indicating its association with socioeconomic status. Tangkhul Naga is a population where the majority are believed to be thin traditionally owing to the difficult hilly terrain and their physically active lifestyle. With urbanization and economic development, nutritional transition, improved socioeconomic status and an increasingly sedentary lifestyle have been observed, which have contributed to the increasing prevalence of overweight/obesity among Tangkhul Naga women.
Audit of management of periorbital cellulitis and abscess in a district general hospital and a tertiary referral centre, in line with published guidelines
Authors: Dhillon N , Jones N , Fergie N 
Published: January 2010

AbstractObjective:To audit the management of periorbital cellulitis or abscess, in line with guidelines published in 2004, within a district general hospital and a tertiary referral centre.Method:Retrospective audit analysing 58 cases at a district general hospital and 61 cases at a tertiary referral centre, encountered since 2004.Results:At the tertiary referral centre, 22 patients were diagnosed with pre-septal cellulitis and discharged, as were 20 cases at the district general hospital. At the tertiary referral centre, 95 per cent of patients were correctly seen by an ophthalmologist and 82 per cent by a senior ENT surgeon, compared with 63 and 39 per cent, respectively, at the district general hospital. In both centres, one patient did not receive a computed tomography scan where this was indicated. Despite the need for twice daily monitoring of ophthalmological criteria, both sites lacked 100 per cent compliance. At the tertiary referral centre, 76 per cent of patients were correctly treated with intravenous antibiotics, compared with 68 per cent at the district general hospital.Conclusion:At both sites, adherence to guidelines was suboptimal. Management may be improved through improved education and online information support.
The Austrian State Treaty and the International Decision Making Process in 1955
Authors: Stourzh Gerald 
Published: January 2010

In January 1954, the French embassy in Vienna reported to Paris a conversation between Chancellor Julius Raab and a politician from western Austria concerning the State Treaty. Raab is reported to have said: “I'll swallow everything.”—“Ich fresse alles.”Two questions arise immediately. First: Why was Raab ready to “swallow everything” in order to get the State Treaty? Second: What was this “everything” that Raab was ready to swallow?To the fi rst question. Th e principal aim of Austria's eff orts to obtain the State Treaty was the termination of four-power control and the withdrawal of the occupation troops from Austria— especially, it needs to be stressed, the withdrawal of Soviet forces. We are used to referring to the “allied” occupation of Austria, yet the “Allies” of World War II had not been allies for some time, at least since 1947–48, and certainly not in 1954 or 1955—even if they cooperated correctly in the “Allied Council.” In terms of military strategy, I deem it useful to speak of the “East-West occupation” of Austria because, de facto, the occupation forces had become part of the two military power agglomerations that had come into being in the course of the Cold War. A secret instruction from the British Foreign Office in 1951 noted that, in peace time, the forces of the Western allies in Austria were not under NATO command; in case of war, however, they would be part of the NATO forces. Since military planning in times of peace obviously prepares for the case of war, it is easy to see that the independence from NATO of the Western occupation forces in Austria has to be taken with a grain of salt.
Creating the Academy: historical discourse and the shape of community in the Old Academy
Authors: Watts Edward 
Published: January 2010

Abstract:The Old Academy developed in an unplanned fashion and, as its structure evolved, changes in leadership and institutional culture were mirrored by shifting Academic historical traditions. As the Old Academy became an institution that presented a systematized philosophy, its leadership placed increased emphasis upon traditions about Plato and other Academic leaders that illustrated the power and practical application of this Academic teaching. This suggests a conscious attempt by the scholarchs of the Old Academy to craft a distinctive institutional identity centred as much upon the character and exemplary lifestyle of its leadership as upon its specific doctrinal teaching.
Memnon on the siege of Heraclea Pontica by Prusias I and the war between the kingdoms of Bithynia and Pergamum
Authors: Dmitriev Sviatoslav 
Published: January 2010

Abstract:This article argues against the traditional dating of the attack of Prusias I of Bithynia on Heraclea Pontica to the 190s, that is to the time before the Apamean settlement (188). The following re-examination of the only surviving literary source to refer directly to this event (Photius’ excerpts of the history of Heraclea Pontica by Memnon), together with relevant information from several other literary and inscriptional texts, allows us to connect the attack of Prusias with the war between the Bithynian and Pergamene kingdoms, which would then be dated toc. 184–183. The other major conclusion presented is that this war had no direct relation to the outcome of the Apamean settlement, as has been the majority opinion.
A new monograph by Aristarchus?
Authors: Schroeder Chad Matthew 
Published: January 2010

Abstract:This article argues that the Homeric scholia preserve the title of a lost monograph by the second-century BC Alexandrian scholar Aristarchus on the date of Hesiod's life. Apparent references to the contents of this monograph occur in the Homeric as well as the Hesiodic scholia, and demonstrate that Aristarchus compared the works of the two poets and concluded that Hesiod had lived sometime near 700 BC.
Pronomos and Potamon: two pipers and two epigrams
Authors: Wilson Peter 
Published: January 2010

Abstract:Although he was one of the most famous musicians of Classical antiquity, the pipe-player (auletes) Pronomos of Thebes has never attracted serious scholarly attention in his own right. This contribution seeks to address this neglect by attempting to establish a basic chronological framework for his life. In doing so, it introduces a new item of evidence, the inscribed funerary monument of one Potamon of Thebes, a contemporary and colleague of Pronomos in the art ofauletike. A close relationship is shown to exist between the epigram on this funerary monument, found in Athens, and that which accompanied the statue on the Thebanakropolis, erected in honour of Pronomos.
Parodic inconsistency: some problems in theBatrakhomyomakhia
Authors: Kelly Adrian 
Published: January 2010

Abstract:This article argues that several problems of character identification in theBatrakhomyomakhiashould be considered not as matters of textual criticism, to be solved by emendation, excision or transposition, but as authentic features of the poem's parodic engagement with the text of Homer and its scholarship. This engagement comprises another reason for considering the Hellenistic period as the most likelyterminus post quemfor the poem.
V–A New Plotting Aid
Authors: Sadler D. H. 
Published: January 2010

A simple device to assist the graphical solution of problems involving relative motion is described, in the hope that it may contribute something to the interpretation of radar plotting.Introduction. Basic requirements from a radar plot are:(a) the speed and course of the other ship;(b) an appreciation of the effect of a change of course or speed; and(c) a ready determination of the change of course or speed to produce a required effect.
A One-Body Fix
Authors: Sadler D. H. , Scott W. A. 
Published: January 2010

In U.S. Naval Institute Proceedings for June 1957 (page 680), Captain P. V. H. Weems and Captain R. E. Jasperson outline a method for finding a position by observing one celestial body only. The principle of the method is to use the observed rate of change of altitude, together with the observed altitude itself, to solve directly for latitude and hour angle, and thus to obtain the position. The authors point out that the parallactic angle, C (the angle at the observed body), in the usual navigational spherical triangle is obtainable from:sin C = sec (declination) × rate of change of altitude with hour angle.
IV—The Design of a Radar Simulator
Authors: Tenger P. 
Published: January 2010

The purpose of this note is to indicate how the design of radar simulators can be adapted to meet the requirements of navigational radar uses. The simulator can be roughly divided into four sections:(1) Control Units, which determine the initial parameters of the target and afford a means of adjusting the rate of change of these parameters.(2) Computers, which determine the range, bearing and elevation of the target from the base.(3) Pulse production and video shaping circuits.(4) Aerial rotation simulation.