bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterizing mammographic images by using generic texture features
Authors: Häberle Lothar , Wagner Florian , Fasching Peter A , Jud Sebastian M , Heusinger Katharina , Loehberg Christian R , Hein Alexander , Bayer Christian M , Hack Carolin C , Lux Michael P , Binder Katja , Elter Matthias , Münzenmayer Christian , Schulz-Wendtland Rüdiger , Meier-Meitinger Martina , Adamietz Boris R , Uder Michael , Beckmann Matthias W , Wittenberg Thomas 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
Introduction
Although mammographic density is an established risk factor for breast cancer, its use is limited in clinical practice because of a lack of automated and standardized measurement methods. The aims of this study were to evaluate a variety of automated texture features in mammograms as risk factors for breast cancer and to compare them with the percentage mammographic density (PMD) by using a case-control study design.

Methods
A case-control study including 864 cases and 418 controls was analyzed automatically. Four hundred seventy features were explored as possible risk factors for breast cancer. These included statistical features, moment-based features, spectral-energy features, and form-based features. An elaborate variable selection process using logistic regression analyses was performed to identify those features that were associated with case-control status. In addition, PMD was assessed and included in the regression model.

Results
Of the 470 image-analysis features explored, 46 remained in the final logistic regression model. An area under the curve of 0.79, with an odds ratio per standard deviation change of 2.88 (95% CI, 2.28 to 3.65), was obtained with validation data. Adding the PMD did not improve the final model.

Conclusions
Using texture features to predict the risk of breast cancer appears feasible. PMD did not show any additional value in this study. With regard to the features assessed, most of the analysis tools appeared to reflect mammographic density, although some features did not correlate with PMD. It remains to be investigated in larger case-control studies whether these features can contribute to increased prediction accuracy.
Annexin A1 modulates natural and glucocorticoid-induced resolution of inflammation by enhancing neutrophil apoptosis
Authors: Vago Juliana P , Nogueira Camila R C , Tavares Luciana P , Soriani Frederico M , Lopes Fernando , Russo Remo C , Pinho Vanessa , Teixeira Mauro M , Sousa Lirlândia P 
Published: April 2012

AbstractAnnexin A1 is a mediator of natural and glucocorticoid-induced resolution of inflammation, with profound effects on neutrophil apoptosis in vivo.This study aimed at assessing whether AnxA1, a downstream mediator for the anti-inflammatory effects of GCs, could affect the fate of immune cells in tissue exudates, using LPS-induced pleurisy in BALB/c mice. AnxA1 protein expression in exudates was increased during natural resolution, as seen at 48–72 h post-LPS, an effect augmented by treatment with GC and associated with marked presence of apoptotic neutrophils in the pleural exudates. The functional relevance of AnxA1 was determined using a neutralizing antibody or a nonspecific antagonist at FPR/ALXRs: either treatment inhibited both spontaneous and GC-induced resolution of inflammation. Injection of Ac2-26 (100 μg, given 4 h into the LPS response), an AnxA1-active N-terminal peptide, promoted active resolution and augmented the extent of neutrophil apoptosis. Such an effect was prevented by the pan-caspase inhibitor zVAD-fmk. Mechanistically, resolution of neutrophilic inflammation was linked to cell apoptosis with activation of Bax and caspase-3 and inhibition of survival pathways Mcl-1, ERK1/2, and NF-κB. These novel in vivo data, using a dynamic model of acute inflammation, provide evidence that AnxA1 is a mediator of natural and GC-induced resolution of inflammation with profound effects on neutrophil apoptosis.
FcγRI mediates serum amyloid P inhibition of fibrocyte differentiation
Authors: Crawford Jeffrey R , Pilling Darrell , Gomer Richard H 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
The pentraxin serum amyloid P, at least in part, uses FcγRI (CD64) and FcγRγ to inhibit fibrocyte differentiation.
Fibrotic diseases, such as cardiac and pulmonary fibrosis, have a poor prognosis with no FDA approved therapies. Monocyte-derived, fibroblast-like cells, called fibrocytes, participate in the formation of fibrotic lesions. The conserved pentraxin protein SAP inhibits fibrocyte differentiation in cell culture, and injections of SAP significantly reduce fibrosis in several animal models. SAP binds to the receptors for the Fc portion of IgG (FcγR) and has been crystallized bound to FcγRIIa (CD32a). The in vivo activity of SAP appears to be dependent on the FcRγ. We find that mutagenesis of the residues critical for SAP binding to FcγRIIa only moderately decreases the ability of SAP to inhibit fibrocyte differentiation. In murine cells, deletion of FcRγ or FcγRI (CD64) significantly reduced sensitivity to SAP. Deletion of the combination of FcγRIIb, FcγRIIIa, and FcγRIV did not significantly affect sensitivity to SAP, whereas deletion of just the inhibitory receptor FcγRIIb (CD32b) increased sensitivity to SAP. In human cells, siRNA-mediated reduction of FcRγ or FcγRI levels significantly decreased sensitivity to SAP, whereas reduction of FcγRIIb levels increased sensitivity to SAP. These observations suggest that SAP, at least in part, uses FcγRI and FcRγ to inhibit fibrocyte differentiation.
Quality of Breast Cancer Care: Perception Versus Practice
Authors: Bickell Nina A. , Neuman Jennifer , Fei Kezhen , Franco Rebeca , Joseph Kathie-Ann 
Published: April 2012

Purpose Because insurers use performance and quality metrics to inform reimbursement, identifying remediable causes of poor-quality cancer care is imperative. We undertook this descriptive cohort study to assess key predictors of women's perceived quality of their breast cancer care and actual guideline-concordant quality of care received. Patients and Methods We surveyed inner-city women with newly diagnosed and surgically treated early-stage breast cancer requiring adjuvant treatment who were enrolled onto a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of patient assistance to reduce disparities in care. We assessed women's perceived quality of care and perceived quality of the process of getting care, such as getting referrals, test results, and treatments; we abstracted records to determine the actual quality of care. Results Of the 374 new patients with early-stage breast cancer enrolled onto the RCT, only a slight majority of women (55%) perceived their quality of care as excellent; 88% actually received good-quality, guideline-concordant care. Excellent perceived quality (P < .001) was significantly associated with patients' perception of the quality of the process of getting care (adjusted relative risk [RR], 1.78; 95% CI, 1.65 to 1.87). Also associated with perceived quality—and mediated by race—were trust in one's physician (adjusted RR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.16 to 1.64) and perceived racism, which affected black women more than women of other races/ethnicities (black race–adjusted RR for perceived racism, 0.33 [95% CI, 0.10 to 0.87]; black race–adjusted RR for trust, 1.61 [95% CI, 0.97 to 1.90]; c = 0.82 for the model; P < .001). Actual quality of care provided did not affect perceived quality of care received. Conclusion Patients' perceived quality of care differs from their receipt of high-quality care. Mutable targets to improve perceived quality of care include the processes of getting care and trusting their physician.
Preoperative Chemotherapy Plus Trastuzumab, Lapatinib, or Both in Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2–Positive Operable Breast Cancer: Results of the Randomized Phase II CHER-LOB Study
Authors: Guarneri Valentina , Frassoldati Antonio , Bottini Alberto , Cagossi Katia , Bisagni Giancarlo , Sarti Samanta , Ravaioli Alberto , Cavanna Luigi , Giardina Giovanni , Musolino Antonino , Untch Michael , Orlando Laura , Artioli Fabrizio , Boni Corrado , Generali Daniele Giulio , Serra Patrizia , Bagnalasta Michela , Marini Luca , Piacentini Federico , D'Amico Roberto , Conte PierFranco 
Published: April 2012

Purpose This is a noncomparative, randomized, phase II trial of preoperative taxane-anthracycline in combination with trastuzumab, lapatinib, or combined trastuzumab plus lapatinib in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) –positive, stage II to IIIA operable breast cancer. The primary aim was to estimate the percentage of pathologic complete response (pCR; no invasive tumor in breast and axillary nodes). Patients and Methods In the three arms, chemotherapy consisted of weekly paclitaxel (80 mg/m2) for 12 weeks followed by fluorouracil, epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide for four courses every 3 weeks. The patients randomly assigned to arm A received a 4-mg loading dose of trastuzumab followed by 2 mg weekly; in arm B patients received lapatinib 1,500 mg orally (PO) daily; and in arm C, patients received trastuzumab and lapatinib 1,000 mg PO daily. Results A total of 121 patients were randomly assigned. Diarrhea and dermatologic and hepatic toxicities were observed more frequently in patients receiving lapatinib. No episodes of congestive heart failure were observed. The rates of breast-conserving surgery were 66.7%, 57.9%, and 68.9% in arms A, B and C, respectively. The pCR rates were 25% (90% CI, 13.1% to 36.9%) in arm A, 26.3% (90% CI, 14.5% to 38.1%) in arm B, and 46.7% (90% CI, 34.4% to 58.9%) in arm C (exploratory P = .019). Conclusion The primary end point of the study was met, with a relative increase of 80% in the pCR rate achieved with chemotherapy plus trastuzumab and lapatinib compared with chemotherapy plus either trastuzumab or lapatinib. These data add further evidence supporting the superiority of a dual-HER2 inhibition for the treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer.
Low-Stage Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma: Population-Based Outcomes in British Columbia, Canada, With Evidence for a Survival Benefit As a Result of Irradiation
Authors: Hoskins Paul J. , Le Nhu , Gilks Blake , Tinker Anna , Santos Jennifer , Wong Frances , Swenerton Kenneth D. 
Published: April 2012

Purpose To evaluate the population-based outcomes of stage I and II ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) in a North American population treated with carboplatin/paclitaxel and abdominopelvic irradiation. Patients and Methods Retrospective analysis was performed of 241 patients referred in the carboplatin/paclitaxel era. Irradiation was to be used with a few defined exceptions. However, because of differing beliefs as to its effectiveness, its use was consistently avoided by specific oncologists, allowing the opportunity to study its possible effect on disease-free survival (DFS) in these concurrent cohorts. Results Five- and 10-year DFS rates were 84% and 70% for stage IA/B; 67% and 57% for stage IC; and 49% and 44% for stage II, respectively. Five- and 10-year DFS rates for those with stage IC disease based purely on rupture were similar to rates for patients with stage IA/B, at 92% and 71%, respectively. The remaining patients with stage IC had 48% 5- and 10-year DFS. Multivariate analysis using a decision tree identified positive cytology as the most important factor (72% relapse rate if positive and 27% if negative or unknown). If, in addition, the capsule surface was involved, then the relapse rate was 93%. Irradiation had no discernible survival benefit for patients with stage IA and IC (rupture alone), whereas for the remainder of patients with stage IC and stage II, it improved DFS by 20% at 5 years (relative risk, 0.5); the benefit was most evident in the cytologically negative/unknown group. Conclusion DFS is similar in this North American population with early OCCC to the DFS reported in Asia. A potential benefit from irradiation was evident in a subset.
Molar Volumes of Ethoxylated Nonylphenols in Micellar Solutions
Authors: Vass Szabolcs , Lakatos István , Jákli György , Nagy István 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
Density ρ and apparent molar volume Vφ are determined in aqueous micellar solutions of ethoxylated nonylphenol (ENP) mixtures. The ratio Δρ/c of the excess solution density Δρ and the molar concentration c lays the foundation of a model, which satisfactorily reproduces Δρ and Vφ of the mixtures; predicts these quantities for known composition mixtures; and allows estimation of the partial molar volumes Vi of the components and the volume Vmix of mixing.
Enhancement of Pressure-Induced Hemolysis by Aquaporin-1 Inhibitors in Human Erythrocytes
Authors: Yamaguchi Takeo , Iwata Yohei , Miura Shingo , Maehara Yukari , Nozawa Kazuyuki 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
Pressure-induced hemolysis reflects sensitively membrane perturbations in erythrocytes. The functions of transporters and channels are inhibited by sodium p-chloromercuribenzoate (pCMB). So, we tested the effects of pCMB on hemolysis of human erythrocytes at 200 MPa. Pressure-induced hemolysis was enhanced by pCMB, but restored by dithiothreitol. Such effects of pCMB were also observed in N-ethylmaleimide-pretreated erythrocytes. Similar hemolytic properties were observed by aquaporin-1 (AQP1) inhibitors such Hg2+ and Au3+, but not by inhibitors of Na+–K+ pump, Gardos channels, and glucose transporter. In fact, the results of atomic absorption spectrometry showed the binding of mercury to AQP1. From the 1H spin–spin relaxation time of water, we found that pressure-induced hemolysis was enhanced upon inhibition of water transport. Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated the enhancement of hemolysis by suppression of fragmentation under pressure. Detachment of cytoskeletal proteins from the membrane by low ionic strength buffer was unaffected by pCMB. Moreover, diameters of vesicles released from intact and pCMB-treated erythrocytes at 200 MPa were 438 and 584 nm, respectively. In both vesicles, spectrin contents were almost the same. Taken together, these data suggest that pCMB bound to AQP1 inhibits water transport and enhances the hemolysis due to the suppression of fragmentation under pressure, but not affect membrane–cytoskeleton interactions.
The Restricted-Subduced-Cycle-Index (RSCI) Method for Counting Matchings of Graphs and Its Application to Z-Counting Polynomials and the Hosoya Index as Well as to Matching Polynomials
Authors: Fujita Shinsaku 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
The restricted-subduced-cycle-index (RSCI) method for generating Z-counting polynomials and the Hosoya indices (Z-indices) as well as matching polynomials has been developed by starting from subduced cycle indices (SCI) defined in the unit-subduced-cycle-index (USCI) approach (S. Fujita, Symmetry and Combinatorial Enumeration in Chemistry, Springer-Verlag, 1991). In the RSCI method, k-matchings of a given skeleton (or graph) for deriving these matters are regarded as restricted structures in which vertex substitution and edge substitution occur concurrently under a restricted condition that occupation of a common vertex does not occur. For the purpose of counting such restricted structures, the concepts of territory indicators and territory discriminants are introduced. Thereby, an RSCI for the skeleton (or graph) is derived from an SCI by the subduction to C1 (nonsymmetry). The RSCI gives the generating function for counting the numbers of restricted structures, which is further converted into a Z-counting polynomial, the Hosoya indices, as well as a matching polynomial. The versatility of the RSCI method is illustrated by applying to benzene, naphthalene, dodecahedron, and fullerene C60.
Troponin-Specific Autoantibody Interference in Different Cardiac Troponin I Assay Configurations
Authors: Savukoski Tanja , Engström Emilia , Engblom Janne , Ristiniemi Noora , Wittfooth Saara , Lindahl Bertil , Eggers Kai M , Venge Per , Pettersson Kim 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBACKGROUNDAutoantibodies to cardiac troponins (cTnAAb) can interfere with the measurement of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) by immunoassays. The aim of this study was to explore the degree of cTnAAb interference in different cTnI assay configurations.METHODSTernary troponin complex was added into samples (serum or plasma, n = 132, 68% cTnAAb positive) from individuals without known cardiac conditions. The recovery of cTnI was then measured with 6 investigational cTnI assays (2, 3, or 4 antibodies per assay). Three of these assays were then selected for further comparison by use of samples (plasma, n = 210, 33% cTnAAb positive) from non–ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome patients in the FRISC-II (FRagmin/Fast Revascularisation during InStability in Coronary artery disease) cohort. Finally, these results were compared to those obtained with 3 commercial cTnI assays.RESULTSAnalytical recoveries varied widely among the 6 investigational assays. Notably the low recoveries (median 9%) of the midfragment-targeting reference assay were normalized (median 103%) with the use of the 4-antibody assay construct (3 capture, 1 tracer antibody) with only 1 antibody against a midfragment epitope. Reduced analytical recoveries correlated closely with measured autoantibody amounts. cTnI concentrations from cTnAAb-positive patient samples determined with 3 investigational assays confirmed the reduced concentrations expected from the low analytical recoveries. The results from the commercial cTnI assays with antibody selections representative for contemporary assay constructs revealed a similar underestimation (up to 20-fold) of cTnI in cTnAAb-positive samples.CONCLUSIONSA novel cTnI assay deviating from the conventional IFCC-recommended midfragment approach substantially improves cTnI detection in samples containing cTnAAbs.
Sorption of Am(III) on attapulgite/iron oxide magnetic composites: effect of pH, ionic strength and humic acid
Authors: Yu T. , Fan Qiao Hui , Wu W. S. , Liu S. P. , Pan D. Q. , Zhang Y. Y. , Li P. 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
Attapulgite/iron oxide magnetic (ATP/IOM) composites was prepared, and the sorption behavior of Am(III) on that composites was studied as a function of pH, ionic strength, the solid-to-liquid ratio (m/V), contact time, and the concentration of Am(III) under ambient conditions using batch technique. The time to achieve the sorption equilibrium was less than 5 h. The sorption of Am(III) on ATP/IOM composites was strongly affected by pH and ionic strength. Though ion exchange reaction contributed to Am(III) sorption over low pH range and low ionic strength, the sorption was mainly dominated by surface complexion (i.e., outer- and/or inner-sphere complexes) in the whole observed pH range. In the presence of humic acid (HA), the sorption edge of Am(III) on ATP/IOM composites obviously shifted to lower pH; but Am(III) sorption gradually became weak after pH exceeded 4, which may be mainly in terms of the soluble complexes of HA-Am(III).
Apparent formation constants of Pu(IV) and Th(IV) with humic acids determined by solvent extraction method
Authors: Sasaki Takayuki , Aoyama S. , Yoshida H. , Kulyako Y. , Samsonov M. , Kobayashi Taishi , Takagi I. , Miyasoedov B. , Moriyama Hirotake 
Published: April 2012

AbstractApparent formation constants of Pu(IV) and Th(IV) with two kinds of humic acids were determined in 0.1 M NaClO4at 25 ºC using a solvent extraction method with thenoyltrifluoroacetone in xylene. The acid dissociation constants of humic acids were also measured by potentiometric titration and used as the degree of dissociation for calculating the formation constants. The effect of solution conditions, such as the pH, the initial metal and humic acid concentrations, and the ionic strength, on the formation constants was examined. The obtained data were compared with the ones in the literature.
Evaluation of Pakgen 99mTc generators loaded with indigenous fission 99Mo
Authors: Mushtaq A. , Pervez S. , Hussain S. , Mirza J. A. , Khan M. M. , Asif M. , Siddique M. U. , Khalid U. , Khan B. , Khalid M. 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
Fission produced 99Mo/99mTc generators, called Pakgen, have been manufactured at the PINSTECH generator production facility since 2000 for nuclear medicine applications in Pakistan. These generators were loaded with fission 99Mo imported from NTP South Africa. Recently production of fission 99Mo has begun in the Molybdenum-99 Production Facility at PINSTECH. Prior to use in the clinic, eight sets of generators were produced, 23 GBq and 74 GBq at time of calibration, and they were subjected to various quality control procedures recommended in the pharmacopoeia to assess their performance. The elution profile, volume, activity, pH, radionuclidic, chemical, radiochemical and biological purity, and expiry time of the eluates were examined. Labeling efficiency tests were also carried out with a number of the more widely used in vivo radiopharmaceutical kits like DTPA, MDP and MIBI. Performance of 99mTc generators loaded with locally produced and imported fission 99Mo was comparable, and the users of Pakgen generators were fully satisfied. The effect of a wet vs. a dry column on 99mTc yields of generators loaded with low and high activity was also studied for the first time.
The dawn of radiochemistry in Japan
Authors: Yoshihara H. K. 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
In the early history of radiochemistry in Japan Yoshio Nishina and Kenjiro Kimura were internationally known for their discovery of symmetric nuclear fission of uranium. They also succeeded in getting U-237, which is an (n+1) series (neptunium series) nuclide, from U-238 by fast neutron irradiation. Kimura was an excellent leader of the radiochemical analysis of Bikini ashes in 1954. The results of that analysis contributed to the improvement of environmental radioactivity in the world. A tragic story of Nobuo Yamada working at the Radium Institute is related. The start of radiochemistry symposia in Japan is described.
Conserved Motifs and Prediction of Regulatory Modules inCaenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Zhao Guoyan , Ihuegbu Nnamdi , Lee Mo , Schriefer Larry , Wang Ting , Stormo Gary D 
Published: April 2012

AbstractTranscriptional regulation, a primary mechanism for controlling the development of multicellular organisms, is carried out by transcription factors (TFs) that recognize and bind to their cognate binding sites. In Caenorhabditis elegans, our knowledge of which genes are regulated by which TFs, through binding to specific sites, is still very limited. To expand our knowledge about the C. elegans regulatory network, we performed a comprehensive analysis of the C. elegans, Caenorhabditis briggsae, and Caenorhabditis remanei genomes to identify regulatory elements that are conserved in all genomes. Our analysis identified 4959 elements that are significantly conserved across the genomes and that each occur multiple times within each genome, both hallmarks of functional regulatory sites. Our motifs show significant matches to known core promoter elements, TF binding sites, splice sites, and poly-A signals as well as many putative regulatory sites. Many of the motifs are significantly correlated with various types of experimental data, including gene expression patterns, tissue-specific expression patterns, and binding site location analysis as well as enrichment in specific functional classes of genes. Many can also be significantly associated with specific TFs. Combinations of motif occurrences allow us to predict the location of cis-regulatory modules and we show that many of them significantly overlap experimentally determined enhancers. We provide access to the predicted binding sites, their associated motifs, and the predicted cis-regulatory modules across the whole genome through a web-accessible database and as tracks for genome browsers.