bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of kiam wood extract as gel enhancer for mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta) surimi
Authors: Balange Amjad Khansaheb , Benjakul Soottawat 
Published: July 2009

SummaryKiam (Cotylelobium lanceotatum craih) wood was extracted using water or ethanol. Water kiam wood extract (WKWE) and ethanolic kiam wood extract (EKWE) contained tannin at levels of 251.90 and 456.30 mg g−1 of dry extract, respectively. Effects of WKWE and EKWE at different levels (0–0.60% of protein content) on the properties of gels from mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta) surimi were investigated in comparison with commercial tannin (CT). Gels added with 0.30% WKWE, 0.15% EKWE or 0.30% CT had the increases in breaking force by 134.81%, 136.09% and 121.34% and in deformation by 52.60%, 54.96% and 33.53%, respectively, compared with the control (without addition of extracts or CT). The lowered expressible moisture content and the formation of cross‐linked myosin heavy chain were also observed in surimi gels incorporated with those additives. Thus, the extract of kiam wood can be used as surimi gel enhancer without affecting its sensory properties.
Tunga penetrans in a young dog imported to Denmark from Brazil; A case report
Authors: Loft K. Earl , Nissen M. Holst 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe number of people who travel internationally with their pets is increasing. Consequently, veterinarians around the world are more likely to encounter parasitic diseases formerly restricted to certain geographical locations. The purpose of this report is to describe a case of tungiasis, a disease caused by the sand flea Tunga penetrans, in a dog imported from Brazil to Denmark. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of canine T. penetrans infestation in Scandinavia.
Herpes zoster with progression to acute varicella zoster virus‐meningoencephalitis
Authors: Braun‐Falco Markus , Hoffmann Marco 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBackground  Acute meningoencephalitis (ME) from varicella zoster virus (VZV) reactivation is a rare and serious complication of herpes zoster (HZ).Objectives and methods  As early diagnostic detection is mandatory to prevent long‐term sequelae, any clinical indication is helpful to identify patients that are at higher risk of the development of VZV‐ME. In order to find such risk factors, the clinical data of 38 patients consecutively hospitalized for the treatment of HZ over a 1‐year period were analyzed.Results  Four of the 38 patients with HZ developed ME. Of these, three had involvement of the trigeminal nerve branch, one including an ophthalmic affection, and one presented with disseminated HZ. All were women with an average age of 83.5 years, in comparison with patients with HZ but without ME who had an average age of 69.3 years and a female preponderance of 60%. The first clinical signs of ME were rapidly progressing somnolence and meningism. Patients with HZ‐ME were treated with intravenous acyclovir, oral glucocorticosteroids, and antiseizure therapy, and recovered almost completely without major residual symptoms.Conclusion  Progression of HZ to ME seems to occur more often than normally believed. Female patients above 80 years of age with either ophthalmic involvement or disseminated HZ are at a potentially high risk of the development of ME. The general recommendation of starting oral glucocorticosteroids from day 1 of antiviral treatment in older patients must be questioned, as it may stimulate VZV replication and dissemination.
Island composite nasal flap for nasal dorsum skin defects
Authors: Skitarelić Neven , Mladina Ranko , Mraovic Boris , Śimurina Tatjana , Skitarelić Nataa , Vuković Katarina 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBackground  Skin defects on the nasal dorsum remain a challenge for the plastic surgeon. There are few local nasal flap options for the repair of proximally positioned nasal skin defects.Methods  During a 3‐year period, 22 patients were treated after excision of skin cancer in the proximal two‐thirds of the nose. Nine patients (41%) were female and 13 (59%) were male, with an average age of 69 years. All patients were operated on under local anesthesia. The average follow‐up was 25 months.Results  In all patients, after tumor ablation, the skin defect was closed with an island composite nasal skin flap. Pathohistologic analysis confirmed that the margins of the removed tumor were free of malignant cells. Six patients (27.3%) had squamous cell and 16 (72.7%) had basal cell carcinoma. There was no total or partial flap loss. None of the patients has suffered from recurrence of the tumor.Conclusions  The island composite nasal flap is a reliable technique for the closure of proximal nasal skin defects. Complications in the elevation of the island composite flap were rare, and the final result was acceptable.
Acridid (Orthoptera: Acrididae) abundance in Western European Grasslands: sampling methodology and temporal fluctuations
Authors: Badenhausser I. , Amouroux P. , Lerin J. , Bretagnolle V. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe estimation of Acridid (Orthoptera: Acrididae) density is the goal of a wide variety of conservation studies to monitor the impacts of grassland management or habitat change. The first aim of this paper was to study the influence of surveyors, time of the day and size/form of the box quadrat method on density values of Acridids in grassland habitats in Western France. The main taxa wereCalliptamus italicus(L.) and Gomphocerinae sub‐family. Surveyor and day‐time (early morning vs. mid‐day) were not significantly influencing the density values of Acridids produced using a 1 m2box quadrat. A smaller box quadrat of 0.5 m2, square or rectangular, produced underestimates of Acridid density, such as square 1 m2box quadrat should be preferred. Population densities change through time. Thus, data‐based inferences about density are tied to the time periods during which data are collected. This was the main focus of this paper to provide a description of Acridid density fluctuations from egg hatching to adult’s death in grasslands with differing vegetation structures and grasshopper densities. Acridid densities were monitored weekly in 23 grassland plots over three seasons from 2004 to 2006. Weibull formulation was used to model density fluctuations for the two main taxa in each field with the Julian date as time. Phenological parameters of density were quite similar for the two taxa in the three years. This could be explained by similar meteorological conditions in the three years. However, these parameters exhibited a great variability between fields in the same year. Divergences between the fields could be attributable to different field ecological characters and to different grasshopper associations in the case of Gomphocerinae sub‐family. This study provided data which may be useful in determining the optimum survey dates.
Functional response ofNeoseiulus californicus(Acari: Phytoseiidae) toTetranychus urticae(Acari: Tetranychidae) on strawberry leaves
Authors: Ahn J. J. , Kim K. W. , Lee J.‐H. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractNeoseiulus californicus(McGregor) is a predatory mite employed for biological control of the agricultural pestTetranychus urticae(Koch). We explored whether environmental differences, in this case the trichome densities of abaxial leaf surfaces of strawberry cultivars (‘Maehyang’ and ‘Sulhyang’ varieties) affect the functional response of adult femaleN. californicuspreying on immature stages (egg, larva and nymph) ofT. urticae. We also evaluated the functional response ofN. californicusto eggs ofT. urticaeat different temperatures (15, 20, 25, 30 and 35°C). We conducted a logistic regression of the proportion of prey consumed as a function of initial prey density to identify functional response types, and used nonlinear least‐squares regression and the random predator equation to estimate attack rates and handling times. The functional response of adult femaleN. californicustoT. urticaewas not influenced by non‐glandular trichomes on abaxial leaves but was affected by temperature. Overall, adult femaleN. californicusexhibited a type 2 functional response toT. urticae.The handling time ofN. californicuswas highest (1.9970 h) againstT. urticaenymphs. The attack rate did not change much at 15–30°C, but was significantly higher at 35°C. The handling time decreased significantly with increasing temperature at 15–35°C. At 35°C, the attack rate was highest (0.2087) and the handling time was lowest (0.9511 h).
Europe’s Migration Agreements with Migrant‐Sending Countries in the Global South: A Critical Review
Authors: Adepoju Aderanti , Van Noorloos Femke , Zoomers Annelies 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe past two decades have seen the steady emergence of various bilateral and multilateral migration agreements between Europe and migrant‐sending countries in the global South.This article provides a critical assessment of the way the EU – and individual countries such as Spain, France and Italy – have played active roles in reshaping old and developing new strategies for keeping migration under control while opening up new opportunities for “regular” migration. It also discusses the extent to which migration agreements help migrant‐sending countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America to optimize the link between migration and development. Based on an analysis of the contents of the migration agreements and their implementation, it has become obvious that there is still a long way to go to achieve “fair multilateralism” and create “win‐win” situations between the EU and the poorer migrant‐sending countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America.
Moving Out and Staying in the Ethnic Economy
Authors: Fong Eric , Chan Elic , Cao Xingshan 
Published: July 2009

AbstractOur study drew on a data set of 513 Chinese immigrants that was collected in Toronto in 1998 and 1999. We looked at how prior experiences in the ethnic economy affect current job transitions. Our analysis went beyond previous studies by situating job transition in the context of the economic integration of immigrants, with consideration of possible competing job transition outcomes and previous recurrent job transitions. Descriptive information in the study showed evidence of both forms of job transition outcomes, that is, either shifting away from or staying in the ethnic economy. Based on the competing risks model of event history analysis, which simultaneously considers different job transition outcomes, the results confirm that prior experience in the ethnic economy increases the likelihood of job transition away from and also remaining in the ethnic economy. However, the results also clearly suggest that those who have a higher level of English language ability are more likely to shift away from the ethnic economy. Results from the repeated events model show that the recurrent job transition experience does change the effects related to job transitions within the ethnic economy, where a customary working environment is expected.
Worker Remittances and Capital Flows to Developing Countries
Authors: Buch Claudia M. , Kuckulenz Anja 
Published: July 2009

AbstractWorker remittances constitute an increasingly important channel for the transfer of resources to developing countries. Behind foreign direct investment, remittances are the second‐largest source of external funding for developing countries. Yet, literature on worker remittances has traditionally focused on the impact of remittances on income distribution within countries, on the determinants of remittances at a micro‐level, or on the effects of migration and remittances for specific countries or regions. Macroeconomic determinants and effects of remittances have received more attention only recently. Hence, the focus of this paper is on the macroeconomic determinants of remittances and on differences in these determinants between remittances and other capital flows. We find that remittances respond more to demographic variables while private capital flows respond more to macroeconomic conditions.
Semi‐quantitative tracking of intra‐airway fluids by computed tomography
Authors: Graf Jerónimo , Mentzelopoulos Spyros D. , Adams Alexander B. , Zhang Jie , Tashjian Joseph H. , Marini John J. 
Published: July 2009

SummaryBackground:  Airway secretions are a source of complications for patients with acute and chronic lung diseases, yet lack of techniques to quantitatively track secretions hampers research into clinical measures to reduce their pathologic consequences.Methods:  In a preserved swine lung model, we tracked a contrasted mucus simulant (CMS) using sequential computed tomography (CT). Known drivers of secretion movement – gravity and ventilation – were tested. Ten millilitres of CMS were unilaterally introduced (1 ml min−1) into the airways of 12 lung sets. After instillation, six lung sets were maintained prone and six were rotated 180°. Subsequently, all were mechanically ventilated for 10 min. CTs were obtained before infusion, after infusion and after ventilation ± rotation. For CT analysis, the lungs were partitioned into eight sub‐cuboids using anatomic landmarks. The volumes of two CT number ranges representing CMS and poor aeration/collapse were computed in every sub‐cuboid for each CT acquisition. Volume differences between study time points were used to quantify changes.Results:  CMS and poor aeration/collapse volume change distributed gravitationally after infusion. After ventilation without rotation, the CMS and poor aeration/collapse volumes remained within the originally injected sub‐cuboid, although the poor aeration/collapse volume expanded (27·3 ± 6·1→50·5 ± 7·4 ml, P<0·05). After ventilation + rotation, there was a reduction in the CMS and poor/aeration collapse volumes in the originally injected sub‐cuboid (14·4 ± 1·7→4·4 ± 0·6 ml, P<0·05 and 18·3 ± 3·8→11·9 ± 2·7 ml, P<0·05, respectively) accompanied by increases in the gravitationally opposite sub‐cuboid (1·7 ± 0·2→11·1 ± 1·1 ml, P<0·05 and 0·8 ± 0·5→40·6 ± 3·5 ml, P<0·05, respectively).Conclusion:  Movement of fluids within the bronchial tree can be semi‐quantitatively tracked with analysis of sequential CT acquisitions. In this isolated swine lung model, gravity had an important and brisk effect on movement of a viscous fluid, whereas ventilation tended to embed it peripherally.
Cardiac sympathetic activity is associated with inflammation and neurohumoral activation in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Turpeinen Anu K. , Vanninen Esko , Magga Jarkko , Tuomainen Petri , Kuusisto Johanna , Sipola Petri , Punnonen Kari , Vuolteenaho Olli , Peuhkurinen Keijo 
Published: July 2009

SummaryBackground:  Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC) is characterized by sympathetic nervous overactivity, inflammation and neurohumoral activation; however, their interrelationships are poorly understood.Methods and results:  We studied 99 patients with IDC (age 54 ± 1 years, left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) 40 ± 1%, maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) 20 ± 1 ml kg−1 min−2, mean ± SEM) by using 123I‐metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) imaging. MIBG washout and MIBG heart/mediastinum (H/M)‐ratio at 4 h postinjection were calculated. In addition, the plasma levels of interleukin (IL)‐6 and N‐terminal B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) were measured. MIBG washout and MIBG H/M ratio had a significant correlation with IL‐6 (r = 0·42, P<0·001 and r = −0·31, P<0·01) and NT‐proBNP (r = 0·48, P<0·001 and r = −0·40, P<0·001). During a median follow‐up of 4·1 years, 20 patients (20%) had an adverse cardiac event (death, heart transplantation or application of biventricular pacemaker or implantable cardioverter–defibrillator). In these patients, MIBG washout was higher (53 ± 4 versus 40 ± 2%, P = 0·01) and H/M ratio lower (1·38 ± 0·04 versus 1·51 ± 0·02, P = 0·01) than in patients without an event.Conclusions:  In dilated cardiomyopathy, myocardial sympathetic innervation and activity are related to inflammation and neurohumoral activation. These relationships are at least partly independent of left ventricular function and exercise capacity.
Spinal Epidural Abscess as a Result of Dissemination from Gluteal Abscess Secondary to Intramuscular Analgesic Injection
Authors: Sasani Mehdi , Aydin Ozlem , Aydin Ahmet Levent , Oktenoglu Tunc , Ozer Ali Fahir , Ercelen Omur 
Published: July 2009

AbstractSpinal epidural abscess is a collection of suppurative material that forms between the dura mater and the ligamentum flavum. If not recognized early and treated correctly, it can lead to life‐threatening sepsis. Here we report the case of a female patient, 51 years of age, with difficulty walking and bilateral leg pain after having had degenerative discogenic pain for many years. The patient had occasionally received intramuscular non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug injections. The current report is that of an unusual case of epidural abscess that formed following multiple dose of intramuscular non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug over a 1‐year period. Hematogenous or direct dissemination is the suspected cause. To prevent serious morbidity and mortality, early diagnosis is essential. Patients with localized back pain who are at risk for developing such epidural spinal abscesses should receive a magnetic resonance imaging scan with contrast enhancement without delay. The existence of predisposing factors such as intramuscular injections should be considered in the assessment of suspected spinal epidural abscess.
Translating tissue engineering technology platforms into cancer research
Authors: Hutmacher Dietmar W. , Horch Raymund E. , Loessner Daniela , Rizzi Simone , Sieh Shirly , Reichert Johannes C. , Clements Judith A. , Beier Justus P. , Arkudas Andreas , Bleiziffer Oliver , Kneser Ulrich 
Published: July 2009

Abstract
Introduction
History of tissue engineering
Physiological and structural aspects of 2D versus 3D culture in cancer research
State of the art of 3D culture systems in cancer research
New tissue engineering‐routed scaffolds for 3D culture
Endothelial progenitor cells and tumour vasculature
In vivo models
Arteriovenous loop isolation chamber for tumour angiogenesis research
Conclusion
Technology platforms originally developed for tissue engineering applications produce valuable models that mimic three‐dimensional (3D) tissue organization and function to enhance the understanding of cell/tissue function under normal and pathological situations. These models show that when replicating physiological and pathological conditions as closely as possible investigators are allowed to probe the basic mechanisms of morphogenesis, differentiation and cancer. Significant efforts investigating angiogenetic processes and factors in tumorigenesis are currently undertaken to establish ways of targeting angiogenesis in tumours. Anti‐angiogenic agents have been accepted for clinical application as attractive targeted therapeutics for the treatment of cancer. Combining the areas of tumour angiogenesis, combination therapies and drug delivery systems is therefore closely related to the understanding of the basic principles that are applied in tissue engineering models. Studies with 3D model systems have repeatedly identified complex interacting roles of matrix stiffness and composition, integrins, growth factor receptors and signalling in development and cancer. These insights suggest that plasticity, regulation and suppression of these processes can provide strategies and therapeutic targets for future cancer therapies. The historical perspective of the fields of tissue engineering and controlled release of therapeutics, including inhibitors of angiogenesis in tumours is becoming clearly evident as a major future advance in merging these fields. New delivery systems are expected to greatly enhance the ability to deliver drugs locally and in therapeutic concentrations to relevant sites in living organisms. Investigating the phenomena of angiogenesis and anti‐angiogenesis in 3D in vivo models such as the Arterio‐Venous (AV) loop mode in a separated and isolated chamber within a living organism adds another significant horizon to this perspective and opens new modalities for translational research in this field.
GMP‐based CD133+ cells isolation maintains progenitor angiogenic properties and enhances standardization in cardiovascular cell therapy
Authors: Gaipa Giuseppe , Tilenni Manuela , Straino Stefania , Burba Ilaria , Zaccagnini Germana , Belotti Daniela , Biagi Ettore , Valentini Marco , Perseghin Paolo , Parma Matteo , Campli Cristiana Di , Biondi Andrea , Capogrossi Maurizio C. , Pompilio Giulio , Pesce Maurizio 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to develop and validate a good manufacturing practice (GMP) compliant procedure for the preparation of bone marrow (BM) derived CD133+ cells for cardiovascular repair. Starting from available laboratory protocols to purify CD133+ cells from human cord blood, we implemented these procedures in a GMP facility and applied quality control conditions defining purity, microbiological safety and vitality of CD133+ cells. Validation of CD133+ cells isolation and release process were performed according to a two‐step experimental program comprising release quality checking (step 1) as well as ‘proofs of principle’ of their phenotypic integrity and biological function (step 2). This testing program was accomplished using in vitro culture assays and in vivo testing in an immunosuppressed mouse model of hindlimb ischemia. These criteria and procedures were successfully applied to GMP production of CD133+ cells from the BM for an ongoing clinical trial of autologous stem cells administration into patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy. Our results show that GMP implementation of currently available protocols for CD133+ cells selection is feasible and reproducible, and enables the production of cells having a full biological potential according to the most recent quality requirements by European Regulatory Agencies.
Fibroblast growth factor 2‐antagonist activity of a long‐pentraxin 3‐derived anti‐angiogenic pentapeptide
Authors: Leali Daria , Bianchi Roberta , Bugatti Antonella , Nicoli Stefania , Mitola Stefania , Ragona Laura , Tomaselli Simona , Gallo Grazia , Catello Sergio , Rivieccio Vincenzo , Zetta Lucia , Presta Marco 
Published: July 2009

AbstractFibroblast growth factor‐2 (FGF2) plays a major role in angiogenesis. The pattern recognition receptor long‐pentraxin 3 (PTX3) inhibits the angiogenic activity of FGF2. To identify novel FGF2‐antagonistic peptide(s), four acetylated (Ac) synthetic peptides overlapping the FGF2‐binding region PTX3‐(97–110) were assessed for their FGF2‐binding capacity. Among them, the shortest pentapeptide Ac‐ARPCA‐NH2 (PTX3‐[100–104]) inhibits the interaction of FGF2 with PTX3 immobilized to a BIAcore sensorchip and suppresses FGF2‐dependent proliferation in endothelial cells, without affecting the activity of unrelated mitogens. Also, Ac‐ARPCA‐NH2 inhibits angiogenesis triggered by FGF2 or by tumorigenic FGF2‐overexpressing murine endothelial cells in chick and zebrafish embryos, respectively. Accordingly, the peptide hampers the binding of FGF2 to Chinese Hamster ovary cells overexpressing the tyrosine‐kinase FGF receptor‐1 (FGFR1) and to recombinant FGFR1 immobilized to a BIAcore sensorchip without affecting heparin interaction. In all the assays the mutated Ac‐ARPSA‐NH2 peptide was ineffective. In keeping with the observation that hydrophobic interactions dominate the interface between FGF2 and the FGF‐binding domain of the Ig‐like loop D2 of FGFR1, amino acid substitutions in Ac‐ARPCA‐NH2 and saturation transfer difference‐nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of its mode of interaction with FGF2 implicate the hydrophobic methyl groups of the pentapeptide in FGF2 binding. These results will provide the basis for the design of novel PTX3‐derived anti‐angiogenic FGF2 antagonists.