bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of Web 2.0 applications on niche culture diffusion
Authors: Zhang Nan 
Published: October 2011

PurposeThis paper aims to explore the roles Web 2.0 applications play in niche cultures such as rock music diffusion.Design/methodology/approachThis paper aims to examine the influence of online forums on fans of rock music and to validate the intermediating roles of the cognitive variables.FindingsThe results show that the three factors associated with innovation diffusion theory play different intermediating roles in the relationship between the stickiness of online forums (their ability to make users stay longer and return) and the levels of appreciation displayed by fans of rock music. While stickiness shows a significant positive impact on an individual's perception and image of a rock band, visibility has a significant negative influence on the individual's level of enthusiasm for the band.Research limitations/implicationsAdditional data and measures are required for in‐depth investigations of other cultural contexts.Practical implicationsThe study could be helpful for determining the influence of online forums on rock music diffusion and for planning innovative promotions and sales strategies for rock bands. Moreover the findings could be applicable to the marketing and promotion of other niche culture items.Originality/valueThis study's originality lies in confirming the intermediating roles of the cognitive variables based on innovation diffusion theory between online forums' stickiness and appreciation of rock bands by using a mixed qualitative and quantitative approach and then by showing the opportunities and challenges provided by networking to rock music.
The moderating effect of social roles on user behaviour in virtual worlds
Authors: Yeh Nai‐Ching , Chuan‐Chuan Lin Judy , Lu Hsi‐Peng 
Published: October 2011

PurposeVirtual worlds are a typical form of social network syndication. Although the future of the virtual world phenomenon seems bright, not all efforts have succeeded. Therefore knowing how to motivate users and keep them continually engaged and visiting is an important challenge for those who create and manage virtual world websites. This paper aims to address these issues.Design/methodology/approachThe present study proposes a conceptual model from technological, entertainment and social perspectives to examine the determinants affecting users' intentions in their virtual worlds usage. Recognising that human behaviour varies according to different social roles, this study investigated four social roles (habitual, active, personal and lurker), and 729 valid data samples were collected from the Chinese virtual world, i‐Partment. Partial least square and multi‐group analysis were performed to measure the research model.FindingsThe results of this study indicate that ease of use, usefulness, social presence and enjoyment are important factors of virtual worlds usage. This study also confirms that social presence and enjoyment are influenced by platform‐based and sociability‐based interactive quality, with sociability‐based interactive quality having a much higher impact on social presence than platform‐based quality. Moreover the proposed model demonstrates different intensities of explanatory power for users' usage intentions according to four social roles, and the results of this study indicate different but insightful findings for each of the four social roles.Practical implicationsThe virtual worlds practitioners should strive to launch creative and new recreational information or functions on a regular basis to make users' experiences enjoyable. In addition practitioners should initiate special activities or festivals to promote social interaction and devise rules to encourage users to spend more time on the virtual world websites. Moreover virtual world websites must be easy to use – with a user‐friendly interface, smooth moving lines and clear and understandable information – and provide useful functions.Originality/valueThis paper is one of the few studies that compares and analyses the behavioural models of different social roles, and suggests that virtual world website practitioners should make use of these findings and provide flexible services to fulfil different users' special needs.
The h‐index, h‐core citation rate and the bibliometric profile of the Web of Science database in three configurations
Authors: Jacsó Péter 
Published: October 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to discuss the new version of the Web of Science (WoS) software.Design/methodology/approachThis paper discusses the new version of the Web of Science (WoS) software.FindingsThe new version of the Web of Science (WoS) software released in mid‐2011 eliminated the 100,000‐record limit in the search results. This, in turn, makes it possible to study the bibliometric profile of the entire WoS database (which consists of 50 million unique records), and/or any subset licensed by a library. In addition the maximum record set for the automatic production of the informative citation report was doubled from 5,000 to 10,000 records. These are important developments for getting a realistic picture of WoS, and gauging the most widely used gauge. It also helps in comparing WoS with the Scopus database using traceable and reproducible quantitative measures, including the h‐index and its variants, the citation rate of the documents making up the h‐core (the set of records that contribute to the h‐index), and computing additional bibliometric indicators that can be used as proxies in evaluating the research performance of individuals, research groups, educational and research institutions as well as serial publications for the broadest subject areas and time span – although with some limitations and reservations.Originality/valueThis paper, which attempts to describe some of the bibliometric traits of WoS in three different configurations (in terms of the composition and time span of the components licensed), complements the one published in a previous issue of Online Information Review profiling the Scopus database.
Do organizations learn when employees learn: the link between individual and organizational learning
Authors: Boateng Richard 
Published: October 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to conceptualize the link between individual learning and organizational learning and offer guidelines to harness the individual capability of learning for organizational objectives.Design/methodology/approachThis is a conceptual paper using arguments from the theory of meaning structures.FindingsThe author shows that, learning, whether organizational or individual, is about the construction and accessibility of meaning, and that such processes thrive in a culture which fosters collaborative team work.Research limitations/implicationsThe theory presents a perspective of how organizational knowledge exists in a triad – private, accessible and collective – and the interrelationships to create organizational learning. These constructs can form the building blocks for future research.Practical implicationsThe theory brings organizations closer to prioritizing and evaluating learning processes to ensure that they facilitate the accessibility of knowledge.Social implicationsThe theory can enable organizations to identify processes which inhibit the accessibility of knowledge and create the environment to promote such.Originality/valueThe theory opens a new insight into viewing organizational learning from the perspective of constructing and sharing meaning structures.
The learning needs of physicians: should it be formal or informal assessment?
Authors: Vakani Farhan , Sheerani Mughis 
Published: October 2011

PurposeThe objective of this paper is to explore how learning needs of physicians are best achieved when planning for appropriate continuing medical education activities.Design/methodology/approachThis paper examines the informal types of needs‐assessment as opposed to formal types when identifying the learning needs of physicians.FindingsThis paper projects how informal types of needs‐assessment probe more deeply into the opinions and perceptions of physicians, thus complementing with formal methods when planning appropriate academic activities.Research limitations/implicationsInformal types of needs‐assessment show promise in deriving a physician's individual learning needs, but has limitations as the educational activities proposed and undertaken would not necessarily benefit a larger group and, as they are usually unshared, would result in unimpressive utilization of educational resources.Practical implicationsAlthough the method of informal needs‐assessment is noteworthy, when planning academic activities on a larger scale and for wider gain, the formal methods of needs‐assessment are to be preferred.Originality/valueThis paper establishes that the informal method of needs‐assessment is significant in obtaining the true learning needs of the physicians but should always be complemented by formal methods.
SEC adopts final rules on Dodd‐Frank Whistleblower Program
Authors: Clark Michael E. , Lese Laurence S. , Reid Avett F. 
Published: October 2011

PurposeRecently, the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) adopted final rules for the expanded whistleblower program established by the Dodd‐Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act. The rules raise challenging issues, perhaps the most significant being their impact on existing compliance and corporate governance procedures. This paper seeks to examine this issue.Design/methodology/approachThe paper analyzes the final rules and their impact on public companies.FindingsPublicly listed entities have cause for concern that their existing compliance programs may be bypassed by whistleblowers who now have strong incentives to place personal interests ahead of loyalties to employers.Practical implicationsCompanies need to improve their compliance programs to limit the potential hazards.Originality/valueThe proffered “steps to potentially minimize Dodd‐Frank whistleblowers” can help publicly traded companies – and particularly multinational enterprises subject to the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act – to avoid the significant risks that Dodd‐Frank presents to them.
FINRA's concept proposal on fixed‐income research reports
Authors: Sacks Russell D. , Blankenship Michael J. 
Published: October 2011

PurposeThe purpose of the paper is to explain Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) Regulatory Notice 11 11, which requests comment on a concept proposal to further regulate fixed income research reports, including through both substantive regulation and additional disclosure requirements.Design/methodology/approachThe paper explains the background, including the application of FINRA's current research rules to only equity securities; definitions, including FINRA's proposed definition of a “debt security” as other than an “equity security,” a “treasury security”, of a municipal security; proposed standard and requirements, including most of the provisions of NASD Rule 2711; the institutional investor exemption, including an opt‐out provision; both permitted and prohibited communication between fixed‐income research analysts and fixed‐income sales and trading personnel; and the likely impact of the concept proposal on firms and investors.FindingsThe proposed rule extends regulatory requirements to fixed‐income research that are similar to those applicable to equity research, while subjecting research distributed solely to institutional investors to a more general “health warning”.Practical implicationsThe proposed rule will likely precipitate cultural and business shifts at firms that both provide debt research services and may encourage a shift towards research disseminated solely to institutional investors.Originality/valueThe paper presents practical guidance from experienced financial services lawyers.
The role of money laundering reporting officers in combating money laundering in Zambia
Authors: Simwayi Musonda , Wang Guohua 
Published: October 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to assess the role of Money Laundering Reporting Officers (MLROs) in combating money laundering in Zambia's commercial banks.Design/methodology/approachQuestionnaires were administered to MLROs in all commercial banks in Zambia as well as guided oral interviews.FindingsThe paper found that commercial banks in Zambia have generally complied with the Bank of Zambia AML directives of 2004 and they have taken AML laws and regulations very seriously. Support from senior management and board of directors is overwhelming. AML activities, in most banks, are incorporated in compliance departments and bank operations. However, some MLROs are not adequately trained and qualified to meet the demands of their positions. Further, some external factors have impacted negatively on the performance of MLRO. These factors include lack of feedback from the Anti‐Money Laundering Investigations Unit (AMLIU) and the snail's pace at which investigations are carried out.Practical implicationsThe implications of these findings is that commercial banks should invest more resources in training MLROs and ensure that they are elevated to international standards. Such standards include certifications as money laundering experts.Originality/valueMLROs are key to the AML regime all over the world. It is hoped that this study will encourage similar studies in other countries, particularly in Africa.
New FINRA books and records rules
Authors: Lee Yoon‐Young , Newman Bruce H. , Kubota Kohki M. 
Published: October 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explain newly approved Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) books and records rule (Rules 2268, 4511, 4513, 4514, 4515, 5340, and 7440(a)(4)) that will go into effect on December 5, 2011.Design/methodology/approachThe paper highlights the principal new compliance obligations for FINRA members set forth in these rules, including a default six‐year retention period for books and records; requirements to maintain names of associated persons responsible for accounts, to maintain signatures of persons with discretionary authority, to update account records, to preserve files of written customer complaints, to maintain account information after updating and account closure, to maintain authorization records for negotiable instruments, and to document changes in account names and designations; expansion of the deadline for post‐execution allocation to customer accounts; and disclosure requirements for pre‐dispute arbitration agreements.FindingsIn addition to consolidating and replacing existing requirements of existing NASD and NYSE rules, the new FINRA rules will impose a number of significant additional requirements for FINRA members.Originality/valueThe paper provides practical guidance from experienced financial services lawyers.
Summary of selected FINRA regulatory notices, March‐May 2011
Authors: Davis Henry A. 
Published: October 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this summary is to provide excerpts of selected Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) Regulatory Notices and Disciplinary Actions issued in March, April, and May 2011.Design/methodology/approachThe paper provides excerpts from FINRA Regulatory Notice 11‐15, Low‐Priced Equity Securities; 11‐19, Books and Records; 11‐21, Fidelity Bonds; 11‐24, Customer Order Protection; 11‐26, Financial Responsibility.Findings11‐15: Firms are reminded to consider the risks associated with low‐priced equity securities when extending credit in a strategy‐based or portfolio margin account. 11‐19: The new rules require member firms to make and preserve certain books and records to show compliance with applicable securities laws, rules and regulations; in general, the new rules streamline, strengthen and clarify existing requirements. 11‐21: FINRA Rule 4360 requires each member firm that is required to join the Securities Investor Protection Corporation (SIPC) to maintain blanket fidelity bond coverage with specified amounts of coverage based on the firm's net capital requirement, with certain exceptions. 11‐24: FINRA Rule 5320 generally provides that a member firm that accepts and holds an order in an equity security from its own customer or a customer of another broker‐dealer without immediately executing the order is prohibited from trading that security on the same side of the market for its own account at a price that would satisfy the customer order, unless it immediately thereafter executes the customer order up to the size and at the same or better price at which it traded for its own account. 11‐26: New FINRA Rules 4150, 4311, 4522 and 4523, in combination with the consolidated financial responsibility rules that the SEC approved in November 2009, enhance FINRA's authority to execute effectively its financial and operational surveillance and examination programs.Originality/valueThese are direct excerpts designed to provide a useful digest for the reader and an indication of regulatory trends. The FINRA staff is aware of this summary but has neither reviewed nor edited it. For further detail as well as other useful information, the reader should visit www.finra.org
The impact of snow scarcity on ski tourism: an analysis of the record warm season 2006/2007 in Tyrol (Austria)
Authors: Steiger Robert 
Published: October 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the sensitivity of ski businesses and of the accommodation sector in Tyrol to warm winter seasons and to draw conclusions for climate change vulnerability.Design/methodology/approachOperational indicators of ski areas and overnight stays in the destinations were analysed in the record warm winter season 2006/2007. Comparing the climatic anomalies of that season with climate change scenarios, the season can serve as an analogue year for average future winter seasons. By interpreting changes in the analogue year, the potential vulnerability of the winter tourism industry in the study area can be assessed.FindingsWhile the impact on ski areas was relatively small on the province level, the analysis on the basis of individual businesses showed a high sensitivity of small to medium and low‐altitude ski areas as well as of ski areas with insufficient snowmaking facilities. Significant differences in the impact on the accommodation sector were found on the district level, with longer‐lasting negative effects on the regional tourism economy in two districts with low‐altitude ski areas. Climate change increases the risk of financial losses for individual ski businesses as well as for tourism‐dependent regional economies, as happened in the 2006/2007 season. As the season represents an extreme event, the long‐term effect of a rising frequency of warm winters on demand cannot be assessed.Originality/valueThe paper presents a valuable and inexpensive approach to assess the impact of warm winter seasons on the supply side as well as on the demand side.
Co‐creating a nation brand “bottom up”
Authors: Hakala Ulla , Lemmetyinen Arja 
Published: October 2011

PurposeThe paper aims to apply the co‐creation paradigm to nation branding in order to analyze how the identity and image of a nation brand are inter‐twined in terms of levels and dimensions, respectively.Design/approach/methodologyThis explorative study was conducted among 178 Finnish university students, who were asked to build a program for branding Finland. The students worked in small groups of two or three. In all, 75 reports were handed in, of which those (67) targeted at tourists were taken for analysis. The analysis was conducted in accordance with a model modified from Gnoth.FindingsIts image is a critical stimulus in motivating tourists to visit a destination. A nation brand is at the crossroads of three levels of identity and a fragmented set of images. The idea is to exploit the right fragments in line with the destination and the target groups.Research limitations/implicationsThe empirical analysis was based on data gathered from MBA students. The intention is to extend the sampling to include branding experts, company representatives and delegates of the Finnish Nation Brand Committee in order to build up a more specific picture of a nation's brand identity and image. The examination is restricted to one, rather homogeneous country, Finland. It would be of interest to conduct comparable analyses in other, more heterogeneous countries. Another avenue for future research would be to test the market, in other words to question potential visitors about their perceptions, and thereby to determine whether the nation's brand identity and image coincide.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the theoretical discussion on the role of branding in the marketing of places, herein called nations. For practitioners, it highlights the importance of managing the brand “bottom up”, in other words starting from the people.
Destination network management: a conceptual analysis
Authors: Meriläinen Kirsi , Lemmetyinen Arja 
Published: October 2011

PurposeThis paper aims to focus on managing networks within destinations, or destination network management. The purpose is to provide a conceptual definition of the term.Design/methodology/approachDestinations are seen as networks, and networks are approached from a strategic perspective. Reviewing and drawing on the literature on destination management, tourism networks, strategic networks and strategic management the paper proposes a concept that could be of use in analyses of network management.FindingsIt is suggested that managing is a value‐creating activity embedded within a network, and that there are two approaches to network management: strategic management and the coordination of cooperation among the actors involved.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper is conceptual in nature. The authors intend to test the developed hypothesis in empirical case studies in the near future.Originality/valueThe paper contributes to the literature on destination management in proposing a novel concept of destination network management, and introducing a dynamic, activity‐oriented approach as opposed to the actor‐focused destination management organization (DMO) view.