bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Typical and atypical restrictive anorexia nervosa: Weight history, body image, psychiatric symptoms, and response to outpatient treatment
Authors: Santonastaso Paolo , Bosello Romina , Schiavone Paolo , Tenconi Elena , Degortes Daniela , Favaro Angela 
Published: May 2009

AbstractObjective:Few studies have examined the characteristics of atypical restrictive anorexia nervosa (AN) with a well‐powered design. The study aims to explore this issue, with particular attention paid to psychopathology and response to outpatient treatment.Method:The sample consists of 365 participants with restrictive AN and 204 with atypical AN. Three types of atypical AN were included: subthreshold (all the criteria except weight); partial (AN without amenorrhea); and participants with AN without fear of gaining weight.Results:Participants with AN without fear of weight gain reported the lowest lifetime BMI and subthreshold AN the highest. Participant with partial AN reported the highest levels of psychiatric symptoms and novelty seeking. All types of atypical AN showed high rates of dropout, whereas participants with subthreshold AN showed the highest level of full remission after treatment.Discussion:Before considering a revision of the diagnostic criteria of AN, further studies on adequately large samples are needed. © 2009 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2009
Radioresistant cells expressing TLR5 control the respiratory epithelium's innate immune responses to flagellin
Authors: Janot Laure , Sirard Jean‐Claude , Secher Thomas , Noulin Nicolas , Fick Lizette , Akira Shizuo , Uematsu Satoshi , Didierlaurent Arnaud , Hussell Tracy , Ryffel Bernhard , Erard Francois 
Published: May 2009

AbstractBacterial products (such as endotoxins and flagellin) trigger innate immune responses through TLRs. Flagellin‐induced signalling involves TLR5 and MyD88 and, according to some reports, TLR4. Whereas epithelial and dendritic cells are stimulated by flagellin in vitro, the cell contribution to the in vivo response is still unclear. Here, we studied the respective roles of radioresistant and radiosensitive cells in flagellin‐induced airway inflammation in mice. We found that i.n. delivery of flagellin elicits a transient change in respiratory function and an acute, pro‐inflammatory response in the lungs, characterized by TLR5‐ and MyD88‐dependent chemokine secretion and neutrophil recruitment. In contrast, TLR4, CD14 and TRIF were not essential for flagellin‐mediated responses, indicating that TLR4 does not cooperate with TLR5 in the lungs. Respiratory function, chemokine secretion and airway infiltration by neutrophils were dependent on radioresistant, TLR5‐expressing cells. Furthermore, lung haematopoietic cells also responded to flagellin by activating TNF‐α production. We suggest that the radioresistant lung epithelial cells are essential for initiating early, TLR5‐dependent signalling in response to flagellin and thus triggering the lung's innate immune responses.
Differential NKG2D binding to highly related human NKG2D ligands ULBP2 and RAET1G is determined by a single amino acid in the α2 domain
Authors: Wittenbrink Mareike , Spreu Jessica , Steinle Alexander 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe activating NK cell receptor NKG2D binds to numerous stress‐induced cell surface glycoproteins with MHC class I‐related ectodomains. In humans, NKG2D ligands (NKG2DL) are members of the MHC‐encoded MIC and non‐MHC‐encoded ULBP families of proteins. The redundancy of NKG2DL raises questions about unique features associated with individual NKG2DL. The ULBP family member RAET1G contains an ectodomain highly related to ULBP2, but is unique by virtue of an extended cytoplasmic domain. Since RAET1G is poorly characterized, we studied expression and functional interactions of RAET1G in comparison to ULBP2. RAET1G transcripts were detected in most human tissues with an overall expression pattern similar to ULBP2. However, although ULBP2 strongly binds both NKG2D and the immunoevasive human cytomegalovirus glycoprotein UL16, RAET1G only weakly interacts with NKG2D and does not bind UL16. Differential binding capacities of the two highly related ectodomains are mainly due to a substitution of a conserved amino acid in the α2 domain of RAET1G. In functional terms, the reduced apparent avidity of RAET1G for NKG2D results in a less‐efficient NKG2D down‐regulation and NK degranulation. Altogether, RAET1G, like ULBP2, appears broadly expressed, but exhibits a lower apparent avidity for NKG2D due to a mutation in the center of the MHC‐like fold.
The level of B7 homologue 1 expression on brain DC is decisive for CD8 Treg cell recruitment into the CNS during EAE
Authors: Zozulya Alla L. , Ortler Sonja , Fabry Zsuzsanna , Sandor Matyas , Wiendl Heinz 
Published: May 2009

AbstractDC in the CNS have emerged as the major rate‐limiting factor for immune invasion and subsequent neuroinflammation during EAE. The mechanism of how this is regulated by brain‐localized DC remains unknown. Here, we describe the ability of brain‐localized DC expressing B7‐H1 molecules to recruit CD8+ T cells to the site of inflammation. Using intracerebral microinjections of B7‐homologue 1‐deficient DC, we demonstrate a substantial brain infiltration of CD8+ T cells displaying a regulatory phenotype (CD122+) and function, resulting in a decrease of EAE peak clinical values. The recruitment of regulatory‐type CD8+ T cells into the CNS and the role of brain DC expressing B7‐homologue 1 molecules in this process open up the possibility of DC‐targeted therapeutic manipulation of neuroinflammatory diseases.
Modulation of Photochemical Properties in Ion‐Controlled Multicomponent Dynamic Devices
Authors: Barboiu Mihail , Legrand Yves‐Marie , Prodi Luca , Montalti Marco , Zaccheroni Nelsi , Vaughan Gavin , van der Lee Arie , Petit Eddy , Lehn Jean‐Marie 
Published: May 2009

AbstractA bis‐pyrenyl‐terpyridine ligand 1 has been synthesised and used to prepare zinc homo‐ and heterocomplexes and their photophysical properties have been studied. Fluorescence titrations displayed modulation of absorption and emission, depending on the molarities of the ionic species (Zn2+, H+). Two single‐crystal structures give insights into the formation of multicomponent supramolecular networks, also present in solution as shown by NMR and ESI‐MS spectroscopy. NMR spectroscopy revealed fast exchanges of the ligands complexed around the metal ion, which could be reduced at lower temperature. Conformational (from W to U shape) and photophysical changes of the flexible ligand were demonstrated in the solid and liquid phases. Addition of zinc ions to the solution of ligands changes the absorption and fluorescence spectra noticeably. The zinc complexes do not form exciplexes; the fluorescence is mainly due to charge‐transfer transitions. The present work illustrates the potential use of ion‐triggered switches to generate mechanical motions that can be followed photophysically.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
A New 5,5′‐Bitetrazole Thorium(IV) Compound: Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Quantum Chemical Investigation
Authors: Pohl Roland W. H. , Wiebke Jonas , Klein Axel , Dolg Michael , Maggiarosa Nicola 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThorium(IV) 5,5′‐bitetrazolate hydrate C4H26N16O13Th has been prepared and structurally analysed by single crystal XRD. The compound crystallises in the triclinic space group P$\bar {1}$ with the cell constants a = 1058.2(2), b = 1081.6(2), c = 1136.7(2) pm, α = 73.46(2), β = 83.98(2), γ = 66.01(2)°. The observed structure is similar to the salt‐like structures of the corresponding TbIII and ErIII systems with respect to the non‐coordinating behaviour of the 5,5′‐bitetrazolate dianions. The ThIV cations form discrete hydroxo‐bridged binuclear thorium‐aqua complexes with Th–Th distances of 399(7) pm. Comparison with structural data of known hydrolysis products of the hydrated ThIV cation, and density functional calculations on gas phase molecular clusters, employing relativistic large‐core pseudopotentials and large valence‐only (7s7p5d2f1g)/[6s5p4d2f1g] basis sets for ThIV, confirm the identification of the cation in C4H26N16O13Th as [(μ‐OH)2Th2(H2O)14]6+.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
New Efficient Route to Fused Aryltetrahydroindolizinones via N‐Acyliminium Intermediates
Authors: Chiurato Matteo , Routier Sylvain , Troin Yves , Guillaumet Gérald 
Published: May 2009

AbstractStraightforward routes to fused tetrahydroindolizinones by two routes A and B, starting either from 2‐formylbenzoic acid and esters or from β‐hydroxy lactones via acyl iminium ions, are described. A plausible mechanism and limitations are given. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Capillary gel electrophoresis of therapeutic oligonucleotides – Analysis of single‐ and double‐stranded forms
Authors: Székely László , Kiessig Steffen , Schwarz Maria A. , Kálmán Franka 
Published: May 2009

AbstractRecently, several therapeutic double‐stranded (ds) oligonucleotides (ODNs) are in pharmaceutical development. During quality control, these therapeutic molecules have to be characterized with respect to their identity, their content and their impurity profile. It follows that the ds molecule as well as its process‐ and product‐related impurities have to be quantified. The single strands are considered as process as well as product‐related impurities in the ds drug substance. Applying well known, conventional, single‐base resolution CE‐CGE systems developed for the quality control of single‐stranded antisense ODNs in the early 1990s, it turned out that the ds ODNs under investigation are migrating in broad, splitted peaks between the peaks reaction zones are observed. It follows that the quantification of the single strands in the drug substance as well as quantification of other product‐related impurities, e.g. n‐1; n‐2 (loss of one and two bases (n), respectively) etc., are not possible without adaptation of the test system. The paper shows how the test system was adjusted in order to determine single‐stranded strands as well as ds strands next to each other quantitatively in the ds drug substance under investigation.
Analysis of nerve agent degradation products in high‐conductivity matrices by transient ITP preconcentration and CZE separation coupled to ESI‐MS
Authors: Lagarrigue Mélanie , Bossée Anne , Bégos Arlette , Delaunay Nathalie , Varenne Anne , Gareil Pierre , Bellier Bruno 
Published: May 2009

AbstractPreconcentration of nerve agent degradation products (alkyl methylphosphonic acids) contained in high‐conductivity matrices was performed using transient ITP to enhance sensitivity of CE‐ESI‐MS. The separation conditions of the five studied alkyl methylphosphonic acids in CE‐MS were first optimized. The presence of methanol in the separation medium was required to obtain a good separation of the analytes under counter‐EOF conditions. Preconcentration by ITP was induced by the BGE acting as leading electrolyte (LE) while the terminating electrolyte (TE) was loaded before the sample because of the counter‐EOF conditions. Different leading ions (formate or acetate) and LE concentrations were tested. The best results for the analysis of soil extracts fortified with the analytes were obtained with an LE composed of 30 mM CH3COONH4 adjusted to pH 8.8 with ammonium hydroxide in (35:65 v/v) MeOH/H2O mixture. The TE consisted of 200 mM glycine adjusted to pH 10.0 with ammonium hydroxide in the same solvent mixture. The loading length of the TE zone was optimized. The initial pH of the TE, which determined the initial mobility of the terminating ion, appeared to markedly influence the resolution and the sensitivity. This transient ITP‐CZE‐MS method was then adapted for the analysis of rat urine samples fortified with the analytes, which required the use of a more concentrated LE (50 mM). LODs between 4 and 70 ng/mL in soil extract, and between 5 and 75 ng/mL in rat urine were reached from extracted ion electropherograms.
Proteomics in globe artichoke: Protein extraction and sample complexity reduction by PEG fractionation
Authors: Acquadro Alberto , Falvo Sara , Mila Silvia , Giuliano Albo Alessandra , Comino Cinzia , Moglia Andrea , Lanteri Sergio 
Published: May 2009

AbstractHere, we report the first leaf proteome analysis for globe artichoke. Three protein extraction protocols were tested and a reproducible Mg/NP‐40‐based method was established. Ribulose‐1,5‐biphosphate carboxylase‐oxygenase (RuBisCO) is a highly abundant leaf protein, and its presence masks co‐localizing, less abundant proteins. To remove RuBisCO from the sample, and thereby improve spot resolution, a PEG fractionation approach was elaborated. 2‐DE profiles of various PEG fractions showed that the fractionation procedure was successful in excluding most of the RuBisCO, allowing for the detection of many low‐abundance proteins. Western blot analysis was able to confirm the reduction in RuBisCO content achieved by PEG fractionation. In all, 841 distinct protein spots were detected, and 40 of these, selected from the RuBisCO region of the 2‐DE profile, were successfully identified by MS. A number of homologues of these proteins also co‐localize with RuBisCO in Arabidopsis thaliana.
Highly resolved separation and sensitive amperometric detection of amino acids with an assembled microfluidic device
Authors: Zhai Chun , Qiang Wei , Lei Jianping , Ju Huangxian 
Published: May 2009

AbstractAn assembled microfluidic device (AMD) was constructed for highly resolved separation and sensitive amperometric detection of amino acids. In the AMD three polymer retainers were integrated with a quartz capillary and a copper microdisk electrode. A facile ultrasonic method was suggested for the preparation of sampling fracture on the capillary. The fracture led to separation efficiency up to 340 000 plates/m and improved greatly the sensitivity for amino acid detection in an 8 cm long quartz capillary. At a sampling voltage of 100 V for 2 s and a separation voltage of 1800 V (225 V/cm) within 300 s, the linear ranges of 12 amino acids determination at +0.8 V (versus Ag/AgCl) were from 12, 20, 17, 27, 31, 44, 25 and 45 to 750 μM for tryptophan, phenylalanine, methionine, valine, threonine, alanine, serine and glycin, and 4.6, 17, 16 and 49 μM to 1.0 mM for lysine, proline, leucine and tyrosine with the detection limit (S/N=3) down to 1.4 μM for lysine. The designed AMD could be successfully applied to analyze amino acids in beverage samples with recovery from 97.8 to 105.2%, indicating its advantages and potential analytical application in different fields.
An accessible micro‐capillary electrophoresis device using surface‐tension‐driven flow
Authors: Mohanty Swomitra K. , Warrick Jay , Gorski Jack , Beebe David J. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractWe present a rapidly fabricated micro‐capillary electrophoresis chip that utilizes surface‐tension‐driven flow for sample injection and extraction of DNA. Surface‐tension‐driven flow (i.e. passive pumping) [G. M. Walker et al., Lab. Chip. 2002, 2, 131–134] injects a fixed volume of sample that can be predicted mathematically. Passive pumping eliminates the need for tubing, valves, syringe pumps, and other equipment typically needed for interfacing with microelectrophoresis chips. This method requires a standard micropipette to load samples before separation, and remove the resulting bands after analysis. The device was made using liquid phase photopolymerization to rapidly fabricate the chip without the need of special equipment typically associated with the construction of microelectrophoresis chips (e.g. cleanroom) [A. K. Agarwal et al., J. Micromech. Microeng. 2006, 16, 332–340; S. K. Mohanty et al., Electrophoresis 2006, 27, 3772–3778]. Batch fabrication time for the device presented here was 1.5 h including channel coating time to suppress electroosmotic flow. Devices were constructed out of poly‐isobornyl acrylate and glass. A standard microscope with a UV source was used for sample detection. Separations were demonstrated using Promega BenchTop 100 bp ladder in hydroxyl ethyl cellulose (HEC) and oligonucleotides of 91 and 118 bp were used to characterize sample injection and extraction of DNA bands. The end result was an inexpensive micro‐capillary electrophoresis device that uses tools (e.g. micropipette, electrophoretic power supplies, and microscopes) already present in most labs for sample manipulation and detection, making it more accessible for potential end users.
Investigation of C‐reactive protein binding to phosphatidyl choline by CZE and ESI‐Mass analysis
Authors: Peng Yu‐Non , Ho Yu‐Ling , Wu Chung‐Yu , Liu Mine‐Yine 
Published: May 2009

AbstractA simple CZE has been developed to investigate the binding reactions between C‐reactive protein (CRP) and native as well as Cu2+ oxidized phosphatidyl choline (PC) in this study. An aqueous‐organic solvent system containing 20% sodium phosphate, 70% methanol and 10% acetonitrile was selected as the optimal CZE separation buffer. Native PC showed a broad, higher mobility major peak and a sharp, lower mobility minor peak. Oxidized PC (ox‐PC) appeared as two adjacent peaks. PC bound to CRP in the presence of metal ions Ca2+ and Mg2+. The absorbance at 214 nm for PC+CRP was about five times of that for PC. Surprisingly, ox‐PC interacted much more weakly with CRP. The absorbance at 214 nm for ox‐PC+CRP was close to that of ox‐PC. Meanwhile, ESI‐Mass analysis also suggested that four PC molecular species (C16:0/C18:1, C16:0/C18:2, C18:0/C18:2, C18:0/C18:1) bound with CRP since the ion intensities of PC+CRP were lower than that of PC alone. This study uses both CZE and ESI‐Mass analysis to characterize the interaction between CRP and native as well as Cu2+ oxidized PC, and provides new analytical methods for determining the binding reactions. In addition, it also gives new insight into the molecular interactions between CRP and native as well as oxidized PC.
Rapid microfluidic separation of magnetic beads through dielectrophoresis and magnetophoresis
Authors: Krishnan Jegatha Nambi , Kim Choong , Park Hyun Jik , Kang Ji Yoon , Kim Tae Song , Kim Sang Kyung 
Published: May 2009

AbstractWe present the design and fabrication of a new microfluidic device in which the dielectrophoresis and magnetophoresis phenomena were used for the separation of the superparamagnetic microbeads of different sizes. By exploiting the fact that two different particles can exhibit different dielectrophoretic force–frequency spectra, we utilize this device to perform multiplex detection from a single sample solution. We found the transition frequency range for 1, 2.8, and 4.5 μm magnetic beads using our device. Bead‐based analysis revealed that a high separation efficiency (∼90%) could be obtained from a single sample solution containing both 4.5 and 2.8 μm beads. The average flow velocity of the beads was maintained at 9.8 mm/s, enabling fast analysis with a smaller amount of reagents. The magnetic field distribution on the beads and the bead flow at the channel cross section for different dielectrophoretic conditions was obtained using CFD‐ACE+ simulation. Issues relating to the fabrication and operation of the device are discussed in detail. Finally, we demonstrated the feasibility of parallel detection/trapping of different beads on the same chip. This separation approach offers the performance of multiplex analysis in lab‐on‐a‐chip devices.
Design and integration of eco‐industrial parks for managing water resources
Authors: Lovelady Eva M. , El‐Halwagi Mahmoud M. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThis work is aimed at developing an optimization‐based approach to the design and integration of eco‐industrial parks (EIPs). Focus is given to the management of water among multiple processes in a common EIP facility. Recycle, reuse, and separation using interception devices are considered as possible strategies for managing wastewater. A source‐interception‐sink structural representation is used to embed potential configurations of interest. The representation accounts for the possibilities of direct recycle, material (waste) exchange, mixing and segregation of different streams, separation and treatment in interception units, and allocation to process users (sinks). Then, the EIP design problem is formulated as an optimization program whose objective is to minimize cost of the EIP while determining optimal recycle and separation strategies. A case study is solved to illustrate the applicability of the devised approach. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2009
Immunohistochemical expression of interleukin‐4, ‐6, ‐8, and ‐12 in inflammatory cells in surrounding invasive front of oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: de Oliveira Marcos Vinícius Macedo , de Carvalho Fraga Carlos Alberto , Gomez Ricardo Santiago , Paula Alfredo Maurício Batista D. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractBackgroundCytokines play important roles in the diverse interactions between tumor microenvironment and malignant cells. This study evaluated the association of interleukin (IL)‐4, ‐6, ‐8, and ‐12 expressions and clinicopathologic parameters of 35 primary oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs).MethodsPatients were staged according to the TNM clinical staging. Malignancy grading of invasive front was evaluated in hematoxylin‐eosin (H&E)‐stained slides. Immunohistochemical technique was performed on frozen tissue sections. Association between clinicopathologic parameters and IL expression were analyzed using nonparametric Kruskal‐Wallis (α = 0,05) and Mann‐Whitney U tests, with Bonferroni correction. Correlations between interleukins were analyzed by the Spearman coefficient.ResultsExpression of ILs was verified in all samples; however, this finding was not related to clinicopathologic parameters. It was not the observed correlation between ILs.ConclusionsExpression of IL‐4, ‐6, ‐8, and ‐12 in the invasive front of OSCC is not involved with the clinicopathologic parameters of the disease. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2009
Prognostic significance of molecular markers in oral squamous cell carcinoma: A multivariate analysis
Authors: Shah Neelam G. , Trivedi Trupti I. , Tankshali Rajen A. , Goswami Jignesh V. , Jetly Dhaval H. , Shukla Shilin N. , Shah Pankaj M. , Verma Ramtej J. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractBackgroundMultiple marker accumulation impacts tumor progression and biologic phenotypes affect clinical outcome of patients with head and neck cancer. Hence, this study investigated a battery of molecular markers that may help to reflect biologic aggressiveness and predict prognosis.MethodsEpidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Stat3, H‐ras, c‐myc, p53, cyclin D1, p16, Rb, Ki‐67, and Bcl‐2 were localized immunohistochemically in 135 oral squamous cell carcinoma patients to assess prognostic value.ResultsIn univariate analysis of total patients, p53, Stat3, and p16 predicted both relapse‐free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). In Cox multivariate analysis, after adjusting for tumor size, nodal status, and lymphatic permeation, p53 was independently associated with RFS and OS, and p16 with RFS only. In only early‐stage patients, in univariate analysis, nuclear Stat3 was significant for RFS and OS.ConclusionImmunostaining of p53, p16, and Stat3 might serve as potential adjuncts in pathologic evaluation of oral tumors to predict risk of relapse. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2009