bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Subtropical Jets on the Equatorial Wave Spectrum: implications for future changes in Kelvin waves and MJO variance
Authors: Bartana Hagar , Garfinkel Chaim , Schwartz Chen , Shamir Ofer , RAO Jian 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Models from phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6), simulate an intensification in equatorial Kelvin Waves (KW) and the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) with global warming. In contrast, the power spectrum is projected to weaken for most other wavenumber-frequency combinations, including higher wavenumber Equatorial Rossby waves (ER). The qualitatively different projected response of KW and ER suggest that dynamical forcings have an important role in the physical mechanism of the changes. This hypothesis is tested using targeted simulations of the Model of an Idealised Moist Atmosphere (MiMA) in which we impose perturbations in upper-tropospheric zonal winds that mimic projected end-of-century changes. These simulations demonstrate that future changes in KW and the MJO strongly depend on changes in the South Pacific subtropical jet. A similar dependence is also evident in CMIP6 models. These results have implications for future projections of KW and MJO activity in models with biased subtropical jets.
A novel Green systematic HPLC and UV-Spectroscopic method for the determination of rifaximin in tablet formulation
Authors: Bisoyi Saroj Kanta , Pradhan Debasish , Sahoo sudhir , Mishra Umashankar , Samantaray Adyasa , Behera Bandana 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

A sustainable approach has been devised for quantifying rifaximin in pharmaceutical products, utilizing both spectrophotometric and HPLC methods. In the spectrophotometric technique, accurate measurement of absorbance at 296 nm detection wavelength was conducted by taking water and acetonitrile (1:1) as the solvent. For the HPLC method, a phenomenonex C18 250 x 4.6mm,5µ column was employed, with water and acetonitrile (1:1 v/v) serving as the mobile phase. Isocratic separation elution technique was employed at a rate of 1 mL per minute, with detection of rifaximin at 296 nm. These methods were found to be cost-effective, quick, eco-friendly, and straight forward, giving an analysis of rifaximin in 20 minutes. Application of these methods to pharmaceutical products yielded results free from matrix interference, with statistical comparison showing no significant differences among the techniques. Furthermore, the assessment of greenness conducted using AGREE software highlighted the developed methods' is environmental friendliness, which rely on solvents such as acetonitrile and water. These findings advocate for the adoption of our both analyst- and environmentally-friendly methods for the determination of rifaximin in tablet formulation over presently employed techniques.
Association between Parkinson's disease and cardiovascular disease mortality: A prospective population-based study from NHANES
Authors: Ke Li , Zhao Lei , Xing Wenli 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background and Aim
: Previous studies have produced conflicting results on the association between Parkinson's disease (PD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in different populations. Therefore, it is critical to examine the association between PD and CVD mortality specifically in the US population.
Methods
In this cohort investigation, we enrolled 28,242 participants from the NHANES spanning from 2003 to 2018. The 380 cases of PD in the cohort were identified by documenting "ANTIPARKINSON AGENTS" in their reported prescription medications. Mortality outcomes were ascertained by cross-referencing the cohort database with the National Death Index, which was last updated on 31 December 2019. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality was categorised according to the 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases using a spectrum of diagnostic codes. Weighted multivariable Cox regression analysis was used to examine the association between PD and the risk of CVD mortality.
Results
Among 28242 adults included in the study (mean age, 60.156 (12.55) years, 13766 men (48.74%) ), median follow-up period was 89 months. Individuals with PD had an adjusted HR of 1.82 (95% CI, 1.24–2.69; p = 0.002) for CVD mortality and 1.84 (95% CI, 1.44–2.33; p < 0.001) for all-cause mortality compared to those without PD. The association between PD and CVD mortality was robust in sensitivity analyses, after excluding participants who died within 2 years of follow-up and those with a history of cancer at baseline (HR,1.82 (95% CI, 1.20–2.75; p = 0.005).
Conclusions
Parkinson's disease was associated with a higher long-term CVD mortality rate in the US population.
Accessibility of Drug Information on Ocular Drug Product Websites in the United States
Authors: Nguyen Cambrey , Villa Kristin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The internet is a drug information resource for consumers because of ease of use and convenience; however, accessibility for individuals with visual impairment is often not considered. Previous studies found pharmaceutical websites did not meet accessibility standards. This study builds on previous research by evaluating accessibility of prescription ocular drug product websites using two accessibility checkers.
Methods
Twenty ocular medications were initially selected and 11 medications were included in the final analysis because a product website was available. AChecker and WAVE tools were used to evaluate accessibility of each drug product homepage then a screen reader was used to verify accessibility of the websites. Descriptive statistics were used to represent the errors and problems identified by the accessibility checkers.
Results
All websites had varying number of errors and problems based on the WAVE and AChecker tool. Travatan Z® had the highest number of errors of 117 according to WAVE and Durysta™ had the highest of 42 problems based on the AChecker tool. Some of the common issues identified by the screen reader included lack of alternative text for images (e.g., graphs), no description for links, and drop-down menus do not expand using the keyboard functions.
Conclusion
This study highlights the need for manufacturers to improve accessibility of their product websites. Due to the lack of accessible content on these websites, it is prudent for pharmacists and other healthcare professionals to provide education through verbal counseling and providing auditory resources or recordings of drug information as an alternative format.
Senescence-related genomic signature reflecting epicardial adipose tissue and immune infiltration associated with diagnosis and treatment outcomes after myocardial infarction
Authors: Zhang Ruiying , Wang Yuchao , Lang Yuheng , Zheng Yue 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background After coronary artery disease (CAD)-related myocardial injury, reactivation of the epicardium results in cardiac remodeling via paracrine secretion. Cellular senescence is characterized by stable cell cycle arrest correlated with typical morphological cellular changes and a unique secretome called senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). However, the senescence-related genomic signature that reflects epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and immune infiltration is not well understood.Methods Adipocyte-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in EAT and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) from patients with and without CAD. Immune cells and senescence-related DEGs in EATs were identified, and the enrichment pathways were analyzed. A protein-protein interaction network was used to determine the hub genes. To validate these genes, a Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset investigation and quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis of human sub-epicardial adipose samples were performed.Results Thirty-five up-regulated and 122 down-regulated DEGs were obtained between the EAT of patients with and without CAD. In patients with CAD, 222 up-regulated and 188 down-regulated DEGs were obtained between the EAT and SAT. A Venn diagram was used to obtain 82 senescence-related DEGs, and the top 15-degree hub genes were explored. After validating using the GEO datasets and human sub-epicardial adipose samples, STAT3, SERPINE1, CDKN2A, DLG4, PTGS2, MDM2, LRP1, IRS2, PRKCD, CCND2, and CISH were found to be significantly expressed in the group with severe CAD.Conclusion In this study, a bioinformatics analysis was conducted to determine whether senescence-related DEGs in human sub-epicardial adipose tissue could be used to predict myocardial infarction progression. These screened SASP hub genes may be biomarkers for the prediction of and therapeutic targets for the prognosis of MI progression.
Value of Nomogram Model for Sarcopenia in Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Based on Ultrasound and Shear Wave Elastography
Authors: Wang Dingyue , Yu Yana , Zhang Gaosen , Zhang Zhen 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background To assess muscle mass and function in older adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using ultrasound (US) and shear wave elastography (SWE), as well as identify independent variables associated with sarcopenia in T2DM patients and develop a comprehensive diagnostic model.
Methods Clinical indicators of all patients were collected.US image indicators such as muscle thickness, muscle bundle length, and pinnate angle of the dominant side of the gastrocnemius were measured in the relaxed state. Furthermore, Young's modulus of the gastrocnemius was measured using SWE. We assessed the correlation between clinical indicators and US measurements as well as Young's modulus values. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed on clinical characteristics along with US and SWE measurements to identify independent variables. Based on these independent variables, a nomogram diagnosis model was constructed.
Results A total of 106 subjects were enrolled in this cohort, and they were divided into the sarcopenia group (n=47, age 66.96±5.71 years, male 45.8%) and the non-sarcopenia group (n=59, age 62.86±4.86 years, male 68.1%), based on the consensus of the Asian Working Group on Sarcopenia (AWGS). The mean age of patients with sarcopenia was significantly higher than that of patients without sarcopenia (p<0.001). There were significant gender and BMI differences between the two groups (p<0.05). Patients with sarcopenia exhibited lower ASMI, grip strength, muscle thickness, pinnate angle, and Young's modulus in a relaxed state compared to those without sarcopenia (p<0.05). ASMI showed positive correlations with thickness of the medial head of gastrocnemius muscle (r=0.339, p<0.001), pinnate angle (r=0.222, p<0.05), and Young's modulus in a relaxed state (r=0.321, p<0 .001). Grip strength demonstrated a positive correlation with Young's modulus in a relaxed state (r=0.214, p<0.05). A nomogram prediction model was developed by integrating multivariate analysis results. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test indicated that this nomogram model had good fit (2 =3.297, p =0.914). Calibration curve revealed that predicted probability from this nomogram model closely approximated actual probability for sarcopenia (error=0.036). The area under ROC curve(AUC)of this model was 0.882 (95%CI:0.820-0.945), which outperformed individual factors when applied alone. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated as 0.894 and 0.790 respectively, demonstrating good discrimination.
Conclusion In older adults with T2DM, sarcopenia is associated with reduced thickness, pinnate angle, and elasticity of the medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle compared to non-sarcopenic patients. The combination of US and SWE model demonstrates high sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic efficacy in identifying sarcopenia in older adults with T2DM.
A Simple Method for Fabrication of Hybrid Electrodes of Supercapacitors
Authors: Qashqay Samaneh Mahmoudi , Meymian Mohammad-Reza Zamani , Maleki Ali 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The increasing need for electrode materials exhibiting improved performance to meet the requirements of supercapacitors is on the rise. Hybrid electrodes, which combine reduced graphene (RGO) oxide with transition metal-based oxides such as cobalt oxide (CoO), have emerged as promising materials due to their impressive specific capacitance and cost-effectiveness, attributed to their synergistic properties. In the present study, a binder-free RGOCoO composite electrode was synthesized using a facile, fast, and simple one-step co-precipitation method. This was done to improve stability for supercapacitor applications. The synthesized composite materials underwent comprehensive characterization utilizing various surface analytical techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis. Electrochemical measurements of the fabricated hybrid revealed at current density of 2 A cm− 2 a specific capacitance of 132.3 mF cm− 2, with an impressive 95.91% retention of capacitance after 7000 cycles. The results from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) highlighted a meager low relaxation time constant of 0.53 s for the electrode. The reason behind this can be linked to the synergistic interactions, and minimal charge transfer resistance exhibited by the porous electrode without binders. The innovative simple synthesis of a binder-free RGOCoO composite electrode represents a significant advancement in the development of high-efficiency supercapacitors for diverse large-scale applications.
The prevalence of frailty according to kidney function and its association with cognitive impairment, nutritional status, and clinical outcome
Authors: Yang Tae-Won , Kang YooMee , Kim Do-Hyung , Kim Young-Soo , Kwon Oh-Young , Lee Tae Won , Park Dong Jun , Bae Eunjin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Frailty is a state of vulnerability to poor homeostatic resolution of after a stressful event. The prevalence of frailty in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is more common than in the general population. Frailty is associated with a poor clinical prognosis, malnutrition, and cognitive impairment; however, studies on these factors in patients with CKD are lacking. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between CKD and frailty, nutritional status, and cognitive impairment and their influence on clinical outcomes.
Methods
We prospectively enrolled participants from June 2019 to December 2020 and divided them into three CKD groups according to kidney function (non-CKD, CKD stage 3–4, and CKD stage 5D). Clinical outcomes were defined as the composite outcomes of all-cause death, hospitalization, and cardiovascular outcomes, including nonfatal myocardial infarction, revascularization, or stroke. To calculate the relative risk of frailty, cognitive impairment, nutritional status, and clinical outcome, odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using logistic regression analysis.
Result
A total of 88 patients were included, of whom 30.7% had frailty and 17.0% had cognitive impairment. In the CKD stage 5D group, the prevalence of frailty (56.7%, n = 17) was significantly higher, and the nutritional quotient score was lower in the other groups. The Korean-Montreal Cognitive Assessment score was significantly lower in the CKD stage 5D group; however, cognitive impairment did not differ among the three groups. Frailty was significantly associated with cognitive impairment and CKD stage 5D group. Cognitive impairment was significantly associated with older age and higher BMI. Well-nourished status was significantly associated with BMI and CKD stage 5D group. Patients in the CKD 5D group were significantly more likely to have adverse clinical outcomes.
Conclusions
The prevalence of frailty increased significantly as the CKD stage progressed. Particularly, CKD stage 5D group correlated with frailty and nutritional status, leading to poor clinical outcomes.
Evaluation of the plasma oxylipin and endocannabinoid profile and the platelet and plasma proteome in postpartum dairy cows experiencing elevated systemic inflammation
Authors: Grantz Jillian M. , Thirumalaikumar Venkatesh P. , Jannasch Amber H. , Andolino Chaylen , Taechachokevivat Natnicha , Avila-Granados Lisa M. , Neves Rafael C. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Unregulated, systemic inflammation negatively impacts health and production in dairy cows. Soluble mediators and platelets have been studied for their expansive role in mediating inflammation. Our objectives were to compare the plasma oxylipin and endocannabinoid profiles, and the platelet and plasma proteomic profiles of healthy cows to cows suffering from elevated systemic inflammation as indicated by plasma haptoglobin (Hp) concentrations. Postpartum cows at 3 DIM with plasma Hp concentrations \(\ge\) 0.50 g/L and no clinical disease were enrolled into the high-inflammation group (n = 8). Cows with plasma Hp concentrations \(\le\) 0.1 g/L and no clinical disease were enrolled into the low-inflammation group (n = 8). Targeted lipidomic analysis revealed differences in the plasma oxylipin and endocannabinoid profile between high- and low-inflammation cows. Cows in the high-inflammation group had increased concentrations of the oxylipins 9(S)-HpOTrE, 9(S)-HOTrE, 13(S)-HpOTrE, and 9,10-EpOME, and the endocannabinoid anandamide, in plasma. In-depth proteomic analysis of platelets between the high- and low-inflammation groups revealed significant differences in protein categories related to platelet granule release and cellular iron uptake. Proteomic outputs from plasma revealed 24 proteins to be different between high and low-inflamed groups, including proteins involved in autophagy and immune mediation. Together, our results indicate that cows suffering from an exacerbated systemic inflammatory response in the postpartum may have impaired disease resistance, and platelets could contributors to their inflammatory state.
Revealing the larval anatomy of the hoverfly Sphaerophoria rueppellii (Wiedemann, 1820) (Diptera, Syrphidae) using micro-computed tomography
Authors: Alba-Tercedor Javier , Marcos-García Maria Angeles 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Traditionally, the study of anatomy in insects has been based on dissection techniques. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) is an X-ray-based technique that allows visualization of the internal anatomy of insects in situ and does not require dissections. We report the use of micro-CT scans to study, in detail, the external and internal structures and organs of the third instar larva of the dipteran Syrphidae Sphaerophoria rueppellii, a Palaearctic species included in the list of effective agents used in European biocontrol programs against aphids. Detailed images and videos provided evidence of external morphological characters and an overview of the internal anatomy (musculature, digestive tube, salivary glands, Malpighian tubules, fat bodies, circulatory system, nervous system, cefalofaringeal complex, tentorium, and mouth parts). The study evidenced the following: an external lateroventral complex of muscles that form authentic muscular rings that allow the compression of the body segments in a similar functional way as occurs in annelid worms; the existence of mandibles with prosthecae; the nervous system present a conspicuous distinguishable suboesophageal ganglion; the so-called antennomaxillary organs are the antennae; the maxillae are separate structures, with an articulated maxillary palpus; S. rueppellii has only one pair of Malpighian tubules instead of the two pairs that were thought to be the general rule for Syrphid larvae; and the evidence of an imaginal disc of genitalia in the posterior part of the body, below the rectum, which in male larvae has a clear correspondence with the morphology of the external male genitalia, which allows to differentiate the sexes in the larval stage. This study is the first complete micro-CT reconstruction of the anatomy of a dipteran larva and constitutes a true anatomical atlas of the third instar larvae of S. rueppellii. High-quality rendered images and additional supplementary videos together with a 3D model, suitable for use with mobile devices, are useful tools for future research and as teaching aids.
Clearing the Air: A Multi-Objective Approach to Industrial Air Pollution Prediction with Bi-Directional Stacked LSTM Model
Authors: Chatterjee Kalyan , Re Mandadi Sriya , Thara Machakanti Navya , Kumar Samla Suraj , Reddy Tummala Abhinav Vardhan , Priyadharshini M. , Mallik Saurav , Li Aimin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Industrial air pollution stands out as a pressing contemporary issue. Prolonged exposure to air pollutants significantly threatens public health, leading to severe respiratory and lung disorders. Currently, the regulations governing the monitoring and control of industrial pollution lack the necessary stringency. Therefore, this study encompasses parameters related to ambient air and stack emissions 1 from industries namely: Clearing the Air: A M ulti-Objective Approach to Industrial Air Pollution Prediction with Bi-Directional Stacked LSTM Model by employing Multi-Objective Bi-directional Stacked LSTM Model (MOBiLe). This study aims to predict emission rates and conducted a comparative analysis among the state-of-art models. The accuracy of the MOBiLe model is assessed by measuring the Mean Square Error and and Validation Mean Absolute Error. Notably, the MOBiLe model exhibited the lowest error among all state-of-art models at 30%, 40%, 45%, 50%, and 60%, respectively. Subsequently, air dispersion model like Gaussian Dispersion Model are utilized on the forecasted emission rates to assess the spreading of air pollutant concentrations originating from the source, specifically at the stack level.
Survival of HIV associated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and Burkitt lymphoma in China: a 17-year retrospective study
Authors: Xiong Yu , Liu Weicheng , Chen Xiaoping , Mo Pingzheng , Xiong Yong , Deng Liping , Zhang Yongxi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has improved outcomes for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) associated non-Hodgkin lymphoma. This is an analysis of 127 patients with HIV with Burkitt lymphoma (HIV-BL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (HIV-DLBCL) treated in China over a 17-year period during the cART and rituximab era. The median CD4 count for the cohorts was 0.141×109/L (range, 0.001–0.861×109/L). DA-EPOCH ± R (54%) were most commonly used in HIV-BL. CHOP ± R (42%) was most commonly used to treat HIV-DLBCL. The complete response rate after first-line curative therapy was 10/28 (36%) in HIV-BL and 25/57 (44%) in HIV-DLBCL. The 2-year progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) for the HIV-BL cohort was 50% and 41% respectively. The 2-year PFS and OS for the HIV-DLBCL cohort was 55% and 47% respectively. Current China practice favours the treatment of HIV-BL and HIV-DLBCL similarly to the HIV-negative population with the use of concurrent cART. However, due to the extremely low percentage of patients receiving cART prior to the lymphoma diagnosis, the high percentage of patients with poor performance status, and the advanced stage at diagnosis, the treatment of HIV-related lymphoma remains the major challenge in China.