bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tribological synergy of copper‐based metal–organic frameworks, carbon fibers and SiO2 in modifying the friction and wear properties of epoxy composites
Authors: Zhang Zhancheng , Pei Xianqiang , Yu Zihui , Wang Yan , Lin Leyu , Wang Qihua , Wang Tingmei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCopper‐based metal–organic frameworks is anticipated to find applications in the field of friction materials owing to its plentiful surface‐active groups and distinctive framework structure. In this study, copper‐based metal–organic frameworks was synthesized through ultrasound‐assisted method and incorporated alone into carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites or together with SiO2 nanoparticles towards the goal of improving the composites' friction and wear properties. It is revealed that copper‐based metal–organic frameworks alone cannot improve the friction and wear of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites simultaneously. The combination of copper‐based metal–organic frameworks and SiO2 nanoparticles was more effective in enhancing both the mechanical and tribological properties of studied composites. The composite material exhibits a friction coefficient of 0.104 under the specified test conditions of 10 MPa and 3.75 m/s. Additionally, the specific wear rate is impressively low, measuring only 5.64 × 10−7 mm3 N/m. Through morphological and chemical analysis on the worn surfaces and transfer films, the functioning mechanism of copper‐based metal–organic frameworks in modifying the mechanical and tribological properties was discussed. It was discovered that a tribological synergy exists between short carbon fibers, copper‐based metal–organic frameworks, and SiO2 fillers, leading to a shift in the wear mechanism of the composite materials from abrasive wear to adhesive wear. Concurrently, a shear‐prone transfer film forms on the surface of the counter steel surfaces. Findings of the present study pave a new route of designing high performance epoxy based tribo‐composites by using metal–organic frameworks.Highlights
Cu‐BDC nanosheets were synthesized using ultrasound‐assisted techniques and incorporated as tribological fillers in EP composites.
The combined use of Cu‐BDC, SiO2, and SCF fillers synergistically enhances the mechanical and tribological properties of EP composites.
The composite material exhibits a friction coefficient of 0.104 under the specified test conditions of 10 MPa and 3.75 m/s, the specific wear rate is impressively low, measuring only 5.64 × 10−7 mm3N/m.
During the sliding friction process of the composite materials, Cu‐BDC and SiO2 play a crucial role in reducing SCF pull‐out wear through their anchoring effect.
The dynamic coordination bond structure of Cu‐BDC contributes to the formation of uniform and continuous transfer films on counter metal surfaces.
Spectral entropy as a measure of the metaproteome complexity
Authors: Duan Haonan , Ning Zhibin , Zhang Ailing , Figeys Daniel 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe diversity and complexity of the microbiome's genomic landscape are not always mirrored in its proteomic profile. Despite the anticipated proteomic diversity, observed complexities of microbiome samples are often lower than expected. Two main factors contribute to this discrepancy: limitations in mass spectrometry's detection sensitivity and bioinformatics challenges in metaproteomics identification. This study introduces a novel approach to evaluating sample complexity directly at the full mass spectrum (MS1) level rather than relying on peptide identifications. When analyzing under identical mass spectrometry conditions, microbiome samples displayed significantly higher complexity, as evidenced by the spectral entropy and peptide candidate entropy, compared to single‐species samples. The research provides solid evidence for the complexity of microbiome in proteomics indicating the optimization potential of the bioinformatics workflow.
Ultra‐Small Au Nanoclusters with Tailored Photoluminescence Properties using Modified Thiol Ligands: A Computational and Experimental Demonstration
Authors: Chahande Anurag M. , Maibam Ashakiran , Krishnamurty Sailaja , Devi R. Nandini 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAu nanoclusters with tailored photoluminescence can be obtained through controlled nanoparticle ligand interface chemistry. The present work reports molecular gold nanoclusters with tuneable photoluminescence emission from 600 to 700 nm using N,N′,N″‐trialkyl (11‐mercaptoundecyl)ammonium chloride ligands as capping‐agents. The tunability within red spectral region is regulated through specific interface chemistry between gold nanoclusters of molecular range and functional groups of the quaternary ammonium head over N,N′,N″‐trialkyl(11‐mercaptoundecyl)ammonium chloride. Combined understanding obtained from the spectroscopy, microscopy, and density functional theory studies demonstrate that the functional group specific electronic interactions at the interfaces steer the emission characteristics of “molecular” Au nanoparticles. The study clearly identifies that bulkier functional groups, i.e., triethyl, tripropyl, tributyl, and dimethyl benzene over N+ (of thiol ligand) through their steric effects minimize the particle size giving rise to tunable photoluminescence emission in red spectral region. However, the red shift seen in the emission Au nanoclusters with N‐(11‐mercaptoundecyl)‐N,N′‐dimethylbenzenammonium chloride ligand in contradiction to particle size effect is computationally proved to be due to the delocalization of electron density from benzene aromatic ring to N+ of ammonium head leading to a reduction in the HOMO‐LUMO energy gap.
Silencing of lncRNA UCA1 Reverses Doxorubicin Resistance of Breast Cancer Through Inhibiting PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway
Authors: Suicmez Menderes , Namalir Gamze , Konus Metin , Ozdil Hilal 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe role of silencing of long non coding RNA UCA1 gene in the development of resistance to doxorubicin in breast cancer was employed. We initially induced resistance to doxorubicin in MCF‐7 cells, reaching a level of 0.64 μM. Next, we employed the cytotoxicity test to assess the progression of doxorubicin resistance in both sensitive cells (MCF‐7/S) and the resistant cells (MCF‐7/Dox). IC50 values of MCF‐7/S and MCF‐7/Dox were determined as 1.65 μM and 128.5 μM, respectively. Then, UCA1 siRNA was transfected to MCF‐7/Dox and MCF‐7/S cells by lipofectamine method. After that, the expression levels of AKT1, PTEN, AKT2 and mTOR genes, which are involved in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, were analyzed by qPCR. Finally, it was determined that the mRNA level of the UCA1 gene suppressed by siRNA was significantly decreased in MCF‐7/S and MCF‐7/Dox cells, except PTEN, compared to the control groups. These results emphasized that silencing of lncRNA UCA1 gene negatively regulates cell growth, differentiation and proliferation.
Iron, Tungsten Dual‐Doped Nickel Sulfide as Efficient Bifunctional Catalyst for Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Wang Sangni , Yuan Ding , Sun Sihan , Huang Shuhan , Wu Yuheng , Zhang Lei , Dou Shi Xue , Liu Hua Kun , Dou Yuhai , Xu Jiantie 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDeveloping low‐cost and highly efficient bifunctional catalysts for both the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is a challenging problem in electrochemical overall water splitting. Here, iron, tungsten dual‐doped nickel sulfide catalyst (Fe/W‐Ni3S2) is synthesized on the nickel foam, and it exhibits excellent OER and HER performance. As a result, the water electrolyze based on Fe/W‐Ni3S2 bifunctional catalyst illustrates 10 mA cm−2 at 1.69 V (without iR‐compensation) and highly durable overall water splitting over 100 h tested under 500 mA cm−2. Experimental results and DFT calculations indicate that the synergistic interaction between Fe doping and Ni vacancy induced by W leaching during the in situ oxidation process can maximize exposed OER active sites on the reconstructed NiOOH species for accelerating OER kinetics, while the Fe/W dual‐doping optimizes the electronic structure of Fe/W‐Ni3S2 and the binding strength of intermediates for boosting HER. This study unlocks the different promoting mechanisms of incorporating Fe and W for boosting the OER and HER activity of Ni3S2 for water splitting, which provides significant guidance for designing high‐performance bifunctional catalysts for overall water splitting.
Supramolecular Complexation Reinforced Polymer Frustrated Packing: Controllable Dual Porosity for Improved Permselectivity of Coordination Nanocage Mixed Matrix Membranes
Authors: Liu Yuan , Xue Binghui , Chen Jiadong , Lai Yuyan , Cai Linkun , Yin Panchao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe developments of mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) are severely hindered by the complex inter‐phase interaction and the resulting poor utilization of inorganics’ microporosity. Herein, a dual porosity framework is constructed in MMMs to enhance the accessibility of inorganics’ microporosity to external gas molecules for the effective application of microporosity for gas separation. Nanocomposite organogels are first prepared from the supramolecular complexation of rigid polymers and 2 nm microporous coordination nanocages (CNCs). The network structures can be maintained with microporous features after solvent removal originated from the rigid nature of polymers, and the strong coordination and hydrogen bond between the two components. Moreover, the strong supramolecular attraction reinforces the frustrated packing of the rigid polymers on CNC surface, leading to polymer networks’ extrinsic pores and the interconnection of CNCs’ micro‐cavities for the fast gas transportation. The gas permeabilities of the MMMs are 869 times for H2 and 1099 times for CO2 higher than those of pure polymers. The open metal sites from nanocage also contribute to the enhanced gas selectivity and the overall performance surpasses 2008 H2/CO2 Robeson upper bound. The supramolecular complexation reinforced packing frustration strategy offers a simple and practical solution to achieve improved gas permselectivity in MMMs.
One‐Step Molten‐Salt‐Assisted Approach for Direct Preparation and Regeneration of LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 Cathode
Authors: Wang Runting , Li Qin , Wang Fengmei , Ding Jibo , An Baihong , Ruan Jiafeng , Sun Dalin , Fang Fang , Wang Fei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSingle‐crystal lithium–nickel–manganese–cobalt‐oxide (SC‐NMC) is attracting increasing attention due to its excellent structural stability. However, its practical production faces challenges associated with complex precursor preparation processes and severe lithium–nickel cation mixing at high temperatures, which restricts its widespread application. Here, a molten‐salt‐assisted method is proposed using low‐melting‐point carbonates. This method obviates the necessity for precursor processes and simplified the synthetic procedure for SC‐NMC down to a single isothermal sintering step. Multiple characterizations indicate that the acquired SC‐LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 (SC‐622) exhibits favorable structural capability against intra‐granular fracture and suppressive Li+/Ni2+ cation mixing. Consequently, the SC‐622 exhibits superior electrochemical performance with a high initial specific capacity (174 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C, 3.0–4.3 V) and excellent capacity retention (87.5% after 300 cycles at 1C). Moreover, this molten‐salt‐assisted method exhibits its effectiveness in directly regenerating SC‐622 from spent NMC materials. The recovered material delivered a capacity of 125.4 mAh g−1 and retained 99.4% of the initial capacity after 250 cycles at 1 C. This work highlights the importance of understanding the process‐structure‐property relationships and can broadly guide the synthesis of other SC Ni‐rich cathode materials.
Electrochemically Dealloying Engineering toward Integrated Monolithic Electrodes with Superior Electrochemical Li‐Storage Properties
Authors: Liu Xinyu , Li Ziheng , Chong Boyang , Kang Jianli , Zhang Sheng , Chen Mingming , Wang Chengyang , Ji Kemeng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntegrated monolithic electrodes (IMEs) free of inactive components demonstrate great potential in boosting energy‐power densities and cycling life of lithium‐ion batteries. However, their practical applications are significantly limited by low active substance loading (< 4.0 mg cm−2 and 1.0 g cm−3), complicated manufacturing process, and high fabrication cost. Herein, employing industrial Cu‐Mn alloy foil as a precursor, a simple neutral salt solution‐mediated electrochemical dealloying strategy is proposed to address such problems. The resultant Cu‐Mn IMEs achieve not only a significantly larger active material loading due to the in situ generated Cu2O and MnOx (ca. 16.0 mg cm−2 and 1.78 g cm−3), simultaneously fast transport of ions and electrons due to the well‐formed nanoporous structure and built‐in Cu current collector, but also high structural stability due to the interconnected ligaments and suitable free space to relieve the volume expansion upon lithiation. As a result, they demonstrate remarkable performances including large specific capacities (> 5.7 mAh cm−2), remarkable pseudocapacitive effect despite the battery‐type constitutes, long cycling life, and good working condition in a lithium‐ion full cell. This study sheds new light on the further development of IMEs, enriches the existing dealloying techniques, and builds a bridge between the two.
Synergetic Dual‐Additive Electrolyte Enables Highly Stable Performance in Sodium Metal Batteries
Authors: Le Phung M. L. , Vo Thanh D. , Le Kha M. , Tran Thanh‐Nhan , Xu Yaobin , Phan An L. , Le Linh T. M. , Nguyen Hoang V. , Xiao Biwei , Li Xiaolin , Jin Yan , Engelhard Mark H. , Gao Peiyuan , Wang Chongmin , Zhang Ji‐Guang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSodium (Na)‐metal batteries (SMBs) are considered one of the most promising candidates for the large‐scale energy storage market owing to their high theoretical capacity (1,166 mAh g−1) and the abundance of Na raw material. However, the limited stability of electrolytes still hindered the application of SMBs. Herein, sulfolane (Sul) and vinylene carbonate (VC) are identified as effective dual additives that can largely stabilize propylene carbonate (PC)‐based electrolytes, prevent dendrite growth, and extend the cycle life of SMBs. The cycling stability of the Na/NaNi0.68Mn0.22Co0.1O2 (NaNMC) cell with this dual‐additive electrolyte is remarkably enhanced, with a capacity retention of 94% and a Coulombic efficiency (CE) of 99.9% over 600 cycles at a 5 C (750 mA g−1) rate. The superior cycling performance of the cells can be attributed to the homogenous, dense, and thin hybrid solid electrolyte interphase consisting of F‐ and S‐containing species on the surface of both the Na metal anode and the NaNMC cathode by adding dual additives. Such unique interphases can effectively facilitate Na‐ion transport kinetics and avoid electrolyte depletion during repeated cycling at a very high rate of 5 C. This electrolyte design is believed to result in further improvements in the performance of SMBs.
Multi‐Functional PEDOT:PSS as the Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Kim Kyoungtae , Kim Minhee , Lee Hyeonseok , Chung Dae‐won , Kim Jinhyun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPoly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), particularly in its complex form with poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), stands out as a prominent example of an organic conductor. Renowned for its exceptional conductivity, substantial light transmissibility, water processability, and remarkable flexibility, PEDOT:PSS has earned its reputation as a leading conductive polymer. This study explores the unique effects of two additives, Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA) and Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), on the PSS component of PEDOT:PSS films are shown. Both additives induce grain size growth, while DGEBA makes the PEDOT:PSS layer hydrophobic, which acts as a passivation to protect the perovskite layer, which is vulnerable to moisture. The other additive, DMSO, separates the PSS groups, resulting in increased conductivity through the free movement of holes. With these multi‐modified p‐type PEDOT:PSS, the ITO/M‐PEDOT:PSS/Perovskite/PCBM/Ag structured reverse structure solar cell has improved the power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 15.28% to 17.80% compared to the control cell with conventional PEDOT:PSS. It also maintains 90% for 500 h at 60 °C and 300 h at 1 sun illuminating conditions.
In‐Situ Self‐Assembly Dipole Shielding Layer Toward Efficient and Stable Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Zhan Mengdi , Yuan Songyang , Wu Wenwen , Wang Mengqi , Yang Wenjian , Xiong Hui , Tan Ziyu , Li Wenzhe , Fan Jiandong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDespite CsPbI2.75Br0.25 inorganic perovskites exhibit high potential for single‐junction and/or tandem solar cells, unexpected non‐radiative recombination, and mismatched interfacial band alignment within the inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) disadvantageously affect their photovoltaic performance. Rational design of the dipole shielding layer (DSL) is vital to realize a win–win situation for the defect passivation and band alignment. Herein, A‐site dipole molecules, that is, neopentylamine and 2‐methylbutylamine, are employed for in‐situ self‐assembly of a thus‐far unreported DSL at the interface between 3D perovskite and hole transport layer. The as‐prepared DSL demonstrates a 2D RP phase perovskite and the lattice‐matching structurally‐stable DSL@3D perovskite enables to alleviate the unexpected surface defects and suppress the spontaneous non‐radiative recombination by means of effectively tuning the surface work function via regulating the dipole moment length and Van der Waals gap. Accordingly, the top dipole‐modified inorganic PSCs exhibit a champion power conversion efficiency (PSC) as high as 19.77% and a fill factor over 83%. Equally importantly, the corresponding solar cells demonstrate a remarkable enhanced stability, maintaining 90% of its initial efficiency for more than 1200 h without encapsulation under a 20% ± 5% relative humidity.
Aptamer‐RIBOTAC Strategy Enabling Tumor‐Specific Targeted Degradation of MicroRNA for Precise Cancer Therapy
Authors: Fang Yuan , Wu Qiuyue , Wang Feiyu , Liu Ye , Zhang Huimin , Yang Chaoyong , Zhu Zhi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMicroRNA (miRNA) molecules play crucial roles in a variety of diseases, making miRNA targeting a burgeoning field in medicinal chemistry. Ribonuclease targeting chimeras (RIBOTACs) present a compelling approach for RNA degradation. However, small molecule‐based RIBOTAC requires an expensive and time‐consuming screening process, and is difficult to directly target miRNA due to its short length lacking secondary structure. Antisense oligonucleotide (ASO)‐based RIBOTAC is easy to design but with poor cell permeability. While both of them lack the specificity for tumor targeting. In this study, the first Aptamer‐RIBOTAC (ARIBOTAC) chimera is designed based on ASO to achieve precise degradation of miRNA in a tumor cell‐specific manner for precise cancer therapy. This chimera exhibits a remarkable ability to specifically identify and enter cancer cells, trigger localized activation of endogenous RNase L, and selectively cleave miRNAs that are complementary to ASO. The efficacy and universality of the ARIBOTAC strategy both in vitro and in vivo by degrading oncogenic miR‐210‐3p and miR‐155‐5p are validated. These findings underscore the potential of the ARIBOTAC strategy as a promising avenue for cancer therapy by precisely targeting cancer‐associated miRNAs.
Deep learning: Integrating artificial intelligence into the sonography curriculum
Authors: Stoodley Paul , Oomens Donna , Robinson Catherine 
Published: May 2024

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) tools that enhance image acquisition, measurement, and interpretation are a valuable part of contemporary sonographic imaging systems, and emerging AI technology is forecast to feature more extensively in future systems. In this commentary, we draw upon contemporary literature and our experience in curriculum design to indicate how educators should approach integrating AI into the pre‐qualification sonography curriculum. This integration will promote understanding of and engagement with the technology to ensure that graduates are prepared for work with AI‐assisted systems. Knowledge of the technical and interpretive applications, the legal and ethical concerns, plus industry and accreditation body collaboration are proffered as important parts of an AI‐integrated training program.
Relations Between Amylose Content and Physicochemical Properties of Starches from White and Red Sorghum Varieties
Authors: Flores‐Garcia Francisco Martín , Gaytán‐Martínez Marcela , Calvo‐Lopez Amira Daniela , González‐Jasso Eva , Morales‐Sanchez Eduardo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis research aims to determine the relationship between amylose content and physicochemical properties in white and red sorghum starches. Five varieties of red sorghum and four varieties of white sorghum were evaluated. The chemical properties, the amylose content, the resistant starch content, scanning electron microscopy, the absorption and solubility index in water, the viscosity profile, the thermal properties, and the correlation between the amylose content were determined. Sorghum starches had an amylose content between 24.51% and 34.34%, but did not show any relationship with color. Regarding the microstructure, the starches that appear larger granules (20–30 µm) have lower amylose content. Sorghum red varieties shown higher values in gelatinization enthalpy, pasting temperature and water absortion index, this effect was attributed to the formation of complexes with phenolic compounds. Starches with a higher proportion of amylose shown lower viscosity profiles and a high thermal stability. Correlation matrix analysis reveals that amylose content had a negative correlation with water absorption index, water solubility index, maximum viscosity, minimum viscosity, and positive correlation with the resistant starch content. The amylose content can define the potential application of the sorghum starches.
Axial and bending behavior of GFRP bar‐reinforced hollow‐core polypropylene fiber concrete columns
Authors: Ahmad Habil , Sheikh M. Neaz , Hadi Muhammad N. S. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study reported the axial (concentric and eccentric) and bending (four‐point bending) loadings behavior of glass fiber‐reinforced polymer (GFRP) bar‐reinforced hollow‐core polypropylene fiber concrete (HC‐GFRP‐PFC) columns. The confinement effect of HC‐GFRP‐PFC columns with different center‐to‐center (c/c) spacing of GFRP spirals was also investigated. Twelve hollow‐core circular specimens with an outer diameter of 214 mm and an inner (circular hole) diameter of 56 mm were experimentally investigated. Four reference specimens were cast with nonfibrous (normal) concrete, whereas the remaining eight specimens were cast with polypropylene fiber (0.15% by volume of concrete) concrete. It was found that, with a similar ratio of reinforcement, the HC‐GFRP‐PFC specimens gained 2%–4% higher maximum load (PMaximum) and 9%–19% higher ductility (μ) than the GFRP bar‐reinforced hollow‐core nonfibrous concrete (HC‐GFRP‐NFC) specimens under concentric axial loading and four‐point bending. The HC‐GFRP‐PFC specimens with a 30 mm c/c spacing of the GFRP spiral gained 6%–36% higher PMaximum and 4%–59% higher μ than the HC‐GFRP‐PFC specimens with a 60 mm c/c spacing of the GFRP spirals under different loading conditions.