bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Brauer group of graded continuous trace 𝐶*-algebras
Authors: Parker Ellen Maycock 
Published: June 2010

Let

X
X

be a locally compact Hausdorff space. The graded Morita equivalence classes of separable,

Z

2

{{\mathbf {Z}}_2}

-graded, continuous trace

C

∗

{C^{\ast }}

-algebras which have spectrum

X
X

form a group,

GBr
∞

(
X
)

{\operatorname {GBr} ^\infty }(X)

, the infinite-dimensional graded Brauer group of

X
X

. Techniques from algebraic topology are used to prove that

GBr
∞

(
X
)

{\operatorname {GBr} ^\infty }(X)

is isomorphic via an isomorphism

w
w

to the direct sum

H
ˇ

1

(
X
;

Z

_

2

)
⊕

H
ˇ

3

(
X
;

Z

_

)

\check {H}^1(X; \underline {\mathbf {Z}}_2) \oplus \check {H}^3 (X; \underline {\mathbf {Z}})

. The group

GBr
∞

(
X
)

{\operatorname {GBr} ^\infty }(X)

includes as a subgroup the ungraded continuous trace

C

∗

{C^{\ast }}

-algebras, and the Dixmier-Douady invariant of such an ungraded

C

∗

{C^{\ast }}

-algebra is its image in

H
ˇ

3

(
X
;

Z

_

)

\check {H}^3 (X; \underline {\mathbf {Z}})

under

w
w

.
Carleson measures and multipliers of Dirichlet-type spaces
Authors: Kerman Ron , Sawyer Eric 
Published: June 2010

A function

ρ
\rho

from

[
0
,

1
]

[0,\,1]

onto itself is a Dirichlet weight if it is increasing,

ρ
⩽
0

\rho \leqslant 0

and

lim

x
→
0
+

x

/

ρ
(
x
)
=
0

{\lim _{x \to 0 + }}x/\rho (x) = 0

. The corresponding Dirichlet-type space,

D
ρ

{D_\rho }

, consists of those bounded holomorphic functions on

U
=
{
z
∈

C

:

|

z

|

>
1
}

U = \{ z \in {\mathbf {C}}:\,|z| > 1\}

such that

|

f
′

(
z
)

|

2

ρ
(
1
−

|

z

|

)

|f’(z){|^2}\rho (1 - |z|)

is integrable with respect to Lebesgue measure on

U
U

. We characterize in terms of a Carleson-type maximal operator the functions in the set of pointwise multipliers of

D
ρ

{D_\rho }

,

M
(

D
ρ

)
=
{
g
:

U
→

C

:
g
f
∈

D
ρ

,
∀
f
∈

D
ρ

}

M({D_\rho }) = \{ g:\,U \to {\mathbf {C}}:gf \in {D_\rho },\forall f \in {D_\rho }\}

.
A Diophantine problem on elliptic curves
Authors: Tubbs Robert 
Published: June 2010

This paper examines simultaneous diophantine approximations to coordinates of certain points on a product of elliptic curves. Specifically, let

℘
(
z
)

\wp (z)

be a Weierstrass elliptic function with algebraic invariants and complex multiplication. Suppose that

β
\beta

is cubic over the "field of multiplications" of

℘
(
z
)

\wp (z)

and that

u
∈

C

u \in \mathbb {C}

such that

ζ
=
(
℘
(
u
)
,

℘
(
β
u
)
,

℘
(

β
2

u
)
)

\zeta = (\wp (u),\,\wp (\beta u),\,\wp ({\beta ^2}u))

is defined. We study approximations to

ζ
\zeta

by points which lie on curves defined over

Z

\mathbb {Z}

.
Boundary behavior of invariant Green’s potentials on the unit ball in 𝐶ⁿ
Authors: Hahn K. T. , Singman David 
Published: June 2010

Let

p
(
z
)
=

∫
B

G
(
z
,

w
)

d
μ
(
w
)

p(z) = \int _B {G(z,\,w)\,d\mu (w)}

be an invariant Green’s potential on the unit ball

B
B

in

C

n

(
n
⩾
1
)

{{\mathbf {C}}^n}\;(n \geqslant 1)

, where

G
G

is the invariant Green’s function and

μ
\mu

is a positive measure with

∫
B

(
1
−

|

w

|

2

)

n

d
μ
(
w
)
>
∞

\int _B {{{(1 - |w{|^2})}^n}\,d\mu (w) > \infty }

. In this paper, a necessary and sufficient condition on a subset

E
E

of

B
B

such that for every invariant Green’s potential

p
p

,
\[

lim

z
→
e

inf

(
1
−

|

z

|

2

)
n

p
(
z
)
=
0
,

e
=
(
1
,

0
,

…
,

0
)

∈
∂
B
,

z
∈
E
,

\lim \limits _{z \to e} \,\inf {(1 - |z{|^2})^n}p(z) = 0,\qquad e = (1,\,0,\, \ldots ,\,0)\; \in \partial B,\;z \in E,

\]
is given. The condition is that the capacity of the sets

E
∩
{
z
∈
B

|

|

z
−
e

|

>
ε
}

E \cap \{ z \in B|\;|z - e| > \varepsilon \}

,

ε
>
0

\varepsilon > 0

, is bounded away from

0
0

. The result obtained here generalizes Luecking’s result, see [L], on the unit disc in

C

{\mathbf {C}}

.
Two-dimensional Riemann problem for a single conservation law
Authors: Zhang Tong , Zheng Yu Xi 
Published: June 2010

The entropy solutions to the partial differential equation
\[

(
∂

/

∂
t
)
u
(
t
,
x
,
y
)
+
(
∂

/

∂
x
)
f
(
u
(
t
,
x
,
y
)
)
+
(
∂

/

∂
y
)
g
(
u
(
t
,
x
,
y
)
)
=
0
,

(\partial /\partial t)u(t,x,y) + (\partial /\partial x)f(u(t,x,y)) + (\partial /\partial y)g(u(t,x,y)) = 0,

\]
with initial data constant in each quadrant of the

(
x
,
y
)

(x,y)

plane, have been constructed and are piecewise smooth under the condition

f
(
u
)
≠
0
,
g
(
u
)
≠
0
,
(
f
(
u
)

/

g
(
u
)
)
′
≠
0

f(u) \ne 0, g(u) \ne 0, (f(u)/g(u))\prime \ne 0

. This problem generalizes to several space dimensions the important Riemann problem for equations in one-space dimension. Although existence and uniqueness of solutions are well known, little is known about the qualitative behavior of solutions. It is this with which we are concerned here.
Torsion points of generic formal groups
Authors: Rosen Michael , Zimmermann Karl 
Published: June 2010

Let

F
F

be a generic formal group of height

h
h

defined over

A
=

Z

p

[
[

t
1

,
…
,

t

h
−
1

]
]

A = {{\mathbf {Z}}_p}[[{t_1}, \ldots ,{t_{h - 1}}]]

. Let

K
K

be the quotient field of

A
A

. We show the natural map

ρ
n

:

Gal

(
K
(
ker
⁡
[

p
n

]
)

/

K
)
→
G

L
h

(

Z

/

p
n

Z

)

{\rho _n}:{\text {Gal}}(K(\operatorname {ker} [{p^n}])/K) \to G{L_h}({\mathbf {Z}}/{p^n}{\mathbf {Z}})

isomorphisms for all

n
≥
1

n \ge 1

provided

p
≠
2

p \ne 2

.
Numerical calculation of integrals with strongly oscillating integrand
Authors: van de Vooren A. I. , van Linde H. J. 
Published: June 2010

In this paper a method is presented for evaluating\[∫0Nf(x)eiwxdx where ωN=p⋅2π, p integer.\int _0^N {f(x){e^{iwx}}} dx{\text { where }}\omega N = p \cdot 2\pi ,{\text { }}p{\text { integer}}{\text {.}}\]The idea is to approximatef(x)f(x)instead of the whole integrand by aid of polynomials. The Romberg-Stiefel algorithm has been extended to this case. The new method is complementary to the usual Romberg-Stiefel algorithm in the sense that it is more advantageous for larger values ofω\omega. An expression for the remainder term is also included. Results for the real part are exact iff(x)f(x)is of at most 7th degree and for the imaginary part iff(x)f(x)is of at most 8th degree.
Numerical methods for flows through porous media. I
Authors: Rose Michael E. 
Published: June 2010

The degenerate parabolic equation
\[

∂
u

∂
t

=
∇
⋅

(

|

u

|

ν

∇
u

)

,

ν
⩾
1
,

\frac {{\partial u}}{{\partial t}} = \nabla \cdot \left ( {|u{|^\nu }\nabla u} \right ),\quad \nu \geqslant 1,

\]
has been used to model the flow of gas through a porous medium. Error estimates for continuous and discrete time finite element procedures to approximate the solution of this equation are proved, and several new regularity results are given.
The accurate numerical solution of highly oscillatory ordinary differential equations
Authors: Scheid Robert E. 
Published: June 2010

An asymptotic theory for weakly nonlinear, highly oscillatory systems of ordinary differential equations leads to methods which are suitable for accurate computation with large time steps. The theory is developed for systems of the form\[Z′=(A(t)/ε)Z+H(Z,t),Z(0,ε)=Z0,0>t>T,0>ε≪1,\begin {array}{*{20}{c}} {{\mathbf {Z}}’= (A(t)/\varepsilon ){\mathbf {Z}} + {\mathbf {H}}({\mathbf {Z}},t),} \hfill \\ {{\mathbf {Z}}(0,\varepsilon ) = {{\mathbf {Z}}_0},\quad 0 > t > T,0 > \varepsilon \ll 1,} \hfill \\ \end {array}\]where the diagonal matrixA(t)A(t)has smooth, purely imaginary eigenvalues and the components ofH(Z,t){\mathbf {H}}({\mathbf {Z}},t)are polynomial in the components ofZwith smootht-dependent coefficients. Computational examples are presented.
A series expansion for the first positive zero of the Bessel functions
Authors: Piessens R. 
Published: June 2010

It is shown that the first positive zero

j

v
,
l

{j_{v,l}}

of the Bessel function

J
v

(
x
)

{J_v}(x)

is given by
\[

j

v
,
l

=
2

(
v
+
1

)

1

/

2

[

1
+

(
v
+
1
)

4

−

7

(
v
+
1
)

2

96

+

49

(
v
+
1
)

3

1152

−

8363

(
v
+
1
)

4

276480

+
⋯

]

{j_{v,l}} = 2{(v + 1)^{1/2}}\left [ {1 + \frac {{(v + 1)}}{4} - \frac {{7{{(v + 1)}^2}}}{{96}} + \frac {{49{{(v + 1)}^3}}}{{1152}} - \frac {{8363{{(v + 1)}^4}}}{{276480}} + \cdots } \right ]

\]
for

−
1
>
v
>
0

- 1 > v > 0

.
On the computation of all imaginary quadratic fields of class number one
Authors: Cherubini Juergen M. , Wallisser Rolf V. 
Published: June 2010

Let d be the discriminant of an imaginary quadratic field with class number one. If

d
⩽
−

10
4

d \leqslant - {10^4}

it is easy to show, using an idea from Stark, that

h
(
12
d
)
⩽
2

|

d

|

h(12d) \leqslant 2\sqrt {|d|}

,

h
(
24
d
)
⩽
2

|

d

|

h(24d) \leqslant 2\sqrt {|d|}

and

|

h
(
24
d
)
ln
⁡
(
5
+
2

6

)
−
2
h
(
12
d
)
ln
⁡
(
2
+

3

)

|

>
50
exp
⁡
(
−
π

/

24
⋅

|

d

|

)

|h(24d)\ln (5 + 2\sqrt 6 ) - 2h(12d)\ln (2 + \sqrt 3 )| > 50\exp ( - \pi /24 \cdot \sqrt {|d|} )

. This linear form is estimated for large

|

d

|

|d|

from below with the aid of the quantitative version of Schneider’s

α
β

{\alpha ^\beta }

-theorem by Mignotte and Waldschmidt. In the "medium large" region

2
⋅

10
4

⩽

|

d

|

⩽

10

34

2 \cdot {10^4} \leqslant |d| \leqslant {10^{34}}

it is shown by computing the beginning of the continued fraction of

ln
⁡
(
5
+
2

6

)

/

ln
⁡
(
2
+

3

)

\ln (5 + 2\sqrt 6 )/\ln (2 + \sqrt 3 )

that the above relations cannot hold.
Vitiligo following intense pulsed light treatment
Authors: SHIN Jung U , ROH Mi Ryung , LEE Ju Hee 
Published: June 2010

AbstractVitiligo is an acquired depigmenting disorder characterized by the progressive loss of melanocytes from the epidermis and epidermal appendages, which results in milky‐white macular lesions. Various factors are suspected to affect the induction and progression of vitiligo such as emotional shock, sunburn, pregnancy, physical illness and trauma. The intense pulsed light (IPL) device which mostly affects redness and dyspigmentation has a broad spectrum of emissions of white light with wavelengths between approximately 515 and 1200 nm. Adverse effects such as purpura and pigmentary changes are known to be rare. We present a 41‐year‐old woman who developed multiple round, hypopigmented macules on both the cheek and mandibular area following the treatment with IPL for lentigines and dyspigmentation. Based on biopsy and Wood’s lamp examination, diagnosis as vitiligo was made. She was treated with a 308‐nm excimer laser. After 3 months of treatment, almost complete repigmentation was seen but another coin‐sized hypopigmented patch was noted after 5 months later. Herein, we report a case of vitiligo which developed after IPL treatment. This is the first case to be reported which vitiligo developed after IPL treatment. Therefore, dermatologists should be aware of unsighted vitiligo lesion before IPL treatment.
Expression of sweet pepper Hrap gene in banana enhances resistance to Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum
Authors: TRIPATHI LEENA , MWAKA HENRY , TRIPATHI JAINDRA NATH , TUSHEMEREIRWE WILBERFORCE KATEERA 
Published: June 2010

SUMMARYBanana Xanthomonas wilt (BXW), caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum, is the most devastating disease of banana in the Great Lakes region of Africa. The pathogen's rapid spread has threatened the livelihood of millions of Africans who rely on banana fruit for food security and income. The disease is very destructive, infecting all banana varieties, including both East African Highland bananas and exotic types of banana. In the absence of natural host plant resistance among banana cultivars, the constitutive expression of the hypersensitivity response‐assisting protein (Hrap) gene from sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum) was evaluated for its ability to confer resistance to BXW. Transgenic lines expressing the Hrap gene under the regulation of the constitutive CaMV35S promoter were generated using embryogenic cell suspensions of two banana cultivars: ‘Sukali Ndiizi’ and ‘Mpologoma’. These lines were characterized by molecular analysis, and were challenged with Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum to analyse the efficacy of the Hrap gene against BXW. The majority of transgenic lines (six of eight) expressing Hrap did not show any symptoms of infection after artificial inoculation of potted plants in the screenhouse, whereas control nontransgenic plants showed severe symptoms resulting in complete wilting. This study demonstrates that the constitutive expression of the sweet pepper Hrap gene in banana results in enhanced resistance to BXW. We describe the development of transgenic banana varieties resistant to BXW, which will boost the arsenal available to fight this epidemic disease and save livelihoods in the Great Lakes region of East and Central Africa.
Identification of a functional luciferase gene in the non‐luminous diurnal firefly, Lucidina biplagiata
Authors: Oba Y. , Furuhashi M. , Inouye S. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractWe isolated a luciferase gene (LbLuc) from the non‐luminous diurnal firefly, Lucidina biplagiata, with high similarity to that from the nocturnal firefly, Photinus pyralis. The recombinant LbLuc showed luminescence activity comparable to that of the luciferases from P. pyralis and Luciola cruciata. To understand the non‐luminosity of L. biplagiata, we determined the amount of luciferase in the adult specimen using the luciferin–luciferase reaction and found that the content of luciferase in L. biplagiata was estimated to be only 0.1% of that in L. cruciata. As previously reported, the content of luciferin in L. biplagiata was less than 0.1% of that in L. cruciata. Thus, the non‐luminosity of L. biplagiata might be explained by low levels of both luciferase and luciferin.
Organismal traits are more important than environment for species interactions in the intertidal zone
Authors: Wood Spencer A. , Lilley Stacie A. , Schiel David R. , Shurin Jonathan B. 
Published: June 2010

Ecology Letters (2010) 13: 1160–1171AbstractSpecies interactions come in a variety of forms, from weak to strong, and negative or positive, each with unique consequences for local community structure. However, interactions depend on several biotic, abiotic and scale‐dependent variables that make their magnitude and direction difficult to predict. Here, we quantify the relative impacts of multiple factors on species interactions for a diverse array of intertidal organisms, using our own experiments across a range of environments in New Zealand and North America. Interaction strengths are related to organism body size and trophic level, but are relatively insensitive to environmental conditions associated with tidal height. Although species at higher trophic levels exert stronger per‐capita effects on other taxa, their population‐level impacts are equivalent to basal trophic groups. This indicates that interaction intensity is largely based on requirements for resources, such as food or space, that follow allometric scaling rules. These results demonstrate the potential to predict interactivity based on simple criteria without detailed information on particular species or communities.
Predator control of ecosystem nutrient dynamics
Authors: Schmitz Oswald J. , Hawlena Dror , Trussell Geoffrey C. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractPredators are predominantly valued for their ability to control prey, as indicators of high levels of biodiversity and as tourism attractions. This view, however, is incomplete because it does not acknowledge that predators may play a significant role in the delivery of critical life‐support services such as ecosystem nutrient cycling. New research is beginning to show that predator effects on nutrient cycling are ubiquitous. These effects emerge from direct nutrient excretion, egestion or translocation within and across ecosystem boundaries after prey consumption, and from indirect effects mediated by predator interactions with prey. Depending on their behavioural ecology, predators can create heterogeneous or homogeneous nutrient distributions across natural landscapes. Because predator species are disproportionately vulnerable to elimination from ecosystems, we stand to lose much more from their disappearance than their simple charismatic attractiveness.
Predictors of morbidity in patients with indwelling ureteric stents: results of a prospective study using the validated Ureteric Stent Symptoms Questionnaire
Authors: Giannarini Gianluca , Keeley Jr Francis X. , Valent Francesca , Manassero Francesca , Mogorovich Andrea , Autorino Riccardo , Selli Cesare 
Published: June 2010

Study Type – Therapy (case series) Level of Evidence 4 What’s known on the subject? and What does the study add? Although it has long been known that ureteric stenting is associated with significant morbidity in a high proportion of patients, predictors of morbidity remain largely elusive.In a multivariable analysis of potential predictors of morbidity using the Ureteric Stent Symptoms Questionnaire, an easy‐to‐determine variable, i.e. the location of stent distal loop with respect to body midline, emerged as the strongest predictor of morbidity. Patients with stent distal loop crossing the midline experienced worse symptoms. The visualization of stent distal loop may, thus, help identify patients at higher risk of morbidity requiring early management.OBJECTIVE To assess the predictors of morbidity in patients with indwelling ureteric stents using a validated questionnaire.PATIENTS AND METHODS Eighty‐six consecutive patients with indwelling double‐J ureteric stent of different length and size enrolled at an Italian tertiary academic centre were prospectively evaluated with the Italian‐validated Ureteric Stent Symptoms Questionnaire (USSQ), which explores the stent‐related symptoms in six domains. Ureteric stents were placed for benign ureteric obstruction or after uncomplicated ureterorenoscopy, and were all removed after 28 days. The questionnaire was administered on days 7 and 28 after stent placement and on day 28 after removal. A plain abdominal X‐ray was performed on days 7 and 28 after placement to determine stent location. Univariable and multivariable analyses tested the association of patient age, sex and body mass index (BMI), and stent side, length, calibre and distal loop location, with the index score of the various domains on days 7 and 28.RESULTS All patients completed the study. At multivariable analysis, on day 7, sex, BMI and stent calibre were significantly associated with one domain (general health, body pain and work performance, respectively), while location of stent distal loop was significantly associated with five domains (urinary symptoms, body pain, general health, work performanc, and sexual matters). On day 28, body mass index was significantly associated with two domains (body pain and general health), while location of stent distal loop remained significantly associated with the same five domains (urinary symptoms, body pain, general health, work performance and sexual matters).CONCLUSION Location of stent distal loop with respect to midline had the strongest association with most domains of the USSQ on both days 7 and 28 after stent placement. The visualization of stent distal loop crossing the midline may therefore identify patients at higher risk of post‐procedural morbidity requiring early management.
Effects of pravastatin and rosuvastatin on the generation of adiponectin in the visceral adipose tissue in patients with coronary artery disease
Authors: Yokoyama Hiroaki , Saito Shin , Daitoku Kazuyuki , Fukuda Ikuo , Higuma Takumi , Hanada Hiroyuki , Osanai Tomohiro , Okumura Ken 
Published: June 2010

AbstractPravastatin increases the plasma adiponectin level. We examined whether this is a statins’ class effect or specific to pravastatin. Of 50 patients undergoing cardiac surgery for coronary artery disease (CAD, n = 36) and valvular heart disease (VHD, n = 14), 23 with CAD and serum LDL‐cholesterol level >100 mg/dL were randomized to pravastatin at 10 mg/day (PRAVA, n = 12) or rosuvastatin at 2.5 mg/day (ROSUVA, n = 11) for 2 months, and the other 13 with CAD and LDL‐cholesterol ≤100 mg/dL were not treated with statin (Non‐statin, n = 13). Patients with VHD did not have CAD and were not treated with statin. Blood was sampled at baseline and surgery. Visceral (VIS) and subcutaneous (SC) adipose tissues were harvested during surgery. At baseline, the plasma adiponectin level was low in patients with CAD compared with that of patients with VHD. At surgery, adiponectin level in PRAVA was increased to the level in VHD, whereas those in ROSUVA and Non‐statin were unchanged. VIS contents and gene expressions of adiponectin in PRAVA and VHD were similar to each other and were both higher than those in Non‐statin and ROSUVA. SC content and gene expression of adiponectin were similar among 4 groups. Protein carbonyl (PC) level, an indicator of oxidative stress, in VIS was lower in PRAVA and VHD than in ROSUVA and Non‐statin. There was a negative correlation between the plasma adiponectin and VIS PC levels (r = −0.41, P < 0.05). Thus, pravastatin increases adiponectin generation, whereas rosuvastatin does not.
Achieving low defibrillation thresholds at implant: pharmacological influences, RV coil polarity and position, SVC coil usage and positioning, pulse width settings, and the azygous vein
Authors: Kroll Mark W. , Schwab Joerg O. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractApproximately 30% of implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) patients still die of sudden death. A major cause of these sudden deaths is the failure to defibrillate because of failure to achieve a low defibrillation threshold (DFT). Anti‐arrhythmic drugs can have a profound positive or negative effect on the DFT. Unfortunately, present clinical practice continues to feature many procedures and tactics that have minimal to negative DFT benefit. In addition, many demonstrated helpful tactics are not understood or followed. This review covers the optimal RV (right ventricular) coil position and polarity, superior vena cava (SVC) coil positioning and usage, pulse width settings, and azygous vein coil implants. Specifically, the RV coil should be set to an anodal polarity and never ‘reversed’. The optimal RV coil position appears to be along the mid‐septum. The SVC coil should be kept out of the right atrium and placed in the innominate vein junction. The SVC coil should be always on for high impedance patients. For low impedance patients, the SVC coil should be set on or off depending on which setting gives the lowest DFT. Pulse widths should be set to correspond to optimally charging and discharging a cardiac membrane time constant of between 3.5 and 4.5 ms. For the highest DFT patients, a separate coil should be placed in the azygous vein and connected to the ICD ‘SVC’ port. Anachronistic approaches such as the use of polarity reversal, apical RV coil tip forcing, and subcutaneous arrays are also discussed.