bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solitary Peutz–Jeghers Type Hamartoma in a Nigerian
Authors: Oluyemi Aderemi O. , Odeghe Emuobor A. , Awolola Nicholas A. 
Published: May 2024

Background:
We report a case of solitary Peutz–Jeghers (P-J) type hamartomatous polyp in the sigmoid colon of an asymptomatic Nigerian without other diagnostic criteria for full-blown P-J syndrome.

Case Report:
During colonoscopy for a 58-year-old man, a solitary, pedunculated polyp was seen in the sigmoid colon. Histopathological examination of the endoscopically resected mass revealed the classical features of P-J type hamartoma. A search for lentigines on the skin or mucous buccal membranes was negative. There is no family history of such findings.

Conclusion:
The case here presented is truly rare as a review of the scientific literature appears, to the best of our knowledge, not to contain such a unique presentation from our locality nor indeed from among Black Africans. We conducted a review of the literature and wished to highlight the evolving concept that solitary P-J polyps be considered a distinct disease entity when it appears in the absence of other features of the syndrome complex.
Body Mass Index and Its Association with Various Features of Migraine
Authors: Aljaafari Danah , Ishaque Noman , Al-Shabeeb Ghadeer , Alalwi Sukainah , Albakr Aishah , Basheir Osama , Alyoubi Reem A , Alkhamis Fahd , Alabdali Majed 
Published: May 2024

Introduction:
Migraine is a highly prevalent condition, and prevalence of obesity is also increasing. Results of studies addressing association of body mass index (BMI) with migraine and its features are conflicting. In this cross-sectional study, we aim to assess association between BMI and various migraine features.

Methods:
This study was conducted in the Headache Clinic of King Fahd Hospital of University, Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia. Interviews were conducted by three consultant neurologists. Migraine was defined according to the International Headache Society and BMI was calculated as weight (kilograms)/height (m2).

Results:
Of total of 121 patients, 79% were female. Almost 87.6% of patients were taking prophylactic medications. Majority of patients had attack for more than 24 h (60.3%), pulsating character (81%), moderate-to-severe intensity (92.6%), associated with nausea and/or vomiting (75.2%), and photophobia/phonophobia (91.7%). About 29.8% of patients were normal weight, 28.1% were overweight, and 39.7% were obese and morbidly obese. There was insignificant association between various categories of BMI and features of migraine, that is, unilateral location (P = 0.385), pulsating character (P = 0.571), moderate-to-severe intensity (P = 0.187), nausea and/or vomiting (P = 0.582), and photophobia and/or phonophobia (P = 0.444).

Conclusion:
In our study, we did not find an association between BMI and various features of migraine.
Evaluation of fracture resistance of radicular dentin treated with nanochitosan-loaded calcium hydroxide and nanographene-loaded calcium hydroxide, when used as intracanal medicament: An in vitro study
Authors: Grover Srishti , Mala Kundabala , Mutalik Srinivas , Ginjupalli Kishore , Natarajan Srikant 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Aim:
This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effect of using calcium hydroxide (CH) loaded with nanochitosan and nanographene on radicular dentin fracture resistance.

Methods:
A total of 40 mandibular premolar root canals were instrumented with the ProTaper rotary system. The fracture resistance of radicular dentin was measured with the universal testing machine, following which intracanal medicament was placed for 10 days. CH alone and CH mixed with nanoparticles of chitosan and graphene were used. Not using any intracanal medicament was used as the control. A one-way ANOVA, followed by the post hoc Tukey’s test, was used to compare the results of different groups.

Results:
The highest mean for the force at compressive stress was seen in the control group, and the least was recorded by CH. Intergroup comparison for Young’s modulus showed a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) between the control group and CH (P = 0.002); CH and chitosan + CH (P = 0.003) on post hoc analysis.

Conclusion:
Incorporation of chitosan and graphene nanoparticles in CH when used as intracanal medicament improves the modulus of elasticity and compressive strength of radicular dentin, which in turn improves dentin elasticity and fracture toughness when compared to CH alone.
A cross-sectional study to evaluate factors responsible for uncontrolled asthma
Authors: Meena Manoj , Rajawat Govind Singh , Arora Piyush , Koolwal Suresh , Sakkarwal Hemant Kumar , Singh Aashish Kumar 
Published: May 2024

INTRODUCTION:
Asthma is a heterogeneous disease, usually characterized by chronic airway inflammation. Various triggers, lack of knowledge about the disease, and unawareness about the correct inhalation techniques lead to poor control of the disease. This study aimed to study the factors responsible for uncontrolled asthma using the asthma control test (ACT) and explore other ways to improve asthma control.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
One hundred and eighty diagnosed cases of bronchial asthma according to Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) guidelines, >18 years were enrolled for the study in an outpatient setting. The level of asthma control was assessed using the self-administered ACT. Factors responsible for uncontrolled asthma were evaluated using a questionnaire based on GINA guidelines.

RESULTS:
Our study noted that in the majority (66.11%) of patients, asthma was poorly controlled followed by well-controlled (24.44%). Asthma was perfectly controlled in only 9.44% of patients. The mean value of the ACT score of study subjects was 17.5 ± 4.16 with a median (25th–75th percentile) of 17 (15–20) within the range of 7–25. Smoking (P < 0.0001), poor education about asthma (P < 0.0001), social stigma regarding inhaler use (P < 0.0001), wrong inhalation techniques (P < 0.0001), environmental triggers (P < 0.0001), associated comorbidities (P = 0.005), poor adherence to treatment (P < 0.0001), inappropriate therapy (P < 0.0001), and frequent hospitalizations (P = 0.006) were the factors responsible for uncontrolled asthma.

CONCLUSION:
The present study identified various factors responsible for the high prevalence of asthma in an outpatient clinical setting. Common risk factors that contribute to poor asthma control were assessed in a comprehensive manner.
Impact of Telenursing on Blood Pressure and Body Mass Index of People with Prehypertension
Authors: Sadeghi-Gandomani Habib , Habibi Zahra , Eghbali-Babadi Maryam , Khosravi Alireza 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Prehypertension is an important global health challenge. This study determines the effect of telenursing on Blood Pressure (BP) and Body Mass Index (BMI) in patients with prehypertension.

Materials and Methods:
This randomized controlled clinical trial study included 81 patients with prehypertension discharged from an emergency room at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (Iran) in 2016. Participants joined a session about hypertension, risk factors, and lifestyle modification to reduce its risk. Using a random number table, 41 subjects were assigned to the experimental group and 40 subjects to the control group. Only the experimental group received four SMS messages each week and a 10–15 min phone call once a month to help them change their lifestyle and reinforce their health behaviors. Eventually, patients' information was collected, and the data were analyzed using independent t, paired t, and Chi-square tests.

Results:
The experimental group after the intervention had a significantly lower mean (Standard Deviation [SD]) of Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) (from 126.67 [5.15] to 119.21 [5.72] [t
40 = 8.40, p < 0.001]) and Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP) [from 85.28 (2.29) to 78.79 (4.16) (t
40 = 10.02, p < 0.001)]. However, the same means were not significantly different in the control group [SBP (p = 0.116) and DBP (p = 0.096)]. The mean (SD) of changes between BMI before and after the intervention was -0.75 (0.66) in the experimental and 0.042 (0.41) in the control group, which was significantly different between the two groups (t
79= –6.44, p < 0.001).

Conclusions:
Telenursing can have potential benefits to maintain BP within the normal range and reduce BMI in patients with prehypertension.
Comparing the Relationship between Iranian Clinical Educators' Teaching Behaviors and Undergraduate Nursing Students' Professional Behaviors
Authors: Shafig Ali , Pourteimour Sima , Mazloumi Azra 
Published: May 2024

Background:
The effectiveness and efficacy of teaching behaviors by clinical educators need to be determined and applied in caring environments, wherein students' seminal Professional Behaviors (PBs) are being shaped. Here, we endeavor to compare the relationship between Iranian clinical educators' teaching behaviors and undergraduate nursing students' PBs.

Materials and Methods:
This descriptive correlational study was conducted on 189 students enrolled in the second, third, and fourth academic years at Urmia University of Medical Science in 2019. The instruments were the Nursing Students' PBs Scale (NSPBS) and the Nursing Clinical Teacher Effectiveness Inventory (NCTEI). Data were analyzed by Pearson correlations test and linear regression model.

Results:
A significant positive correlation between the NSPB and NCTE in the fourth year (r = 0.42, p = 0.001) was about twice as much as the second (r = 0.28, p = 0.017) and third ones (r = 0.28, p = 0.033). Nursing competency, teaching skills, and communication domains were respectively the most effective ones related to the second- (r = 0.35, p = 0.003), third- (r = 0.32, p = 0.015), and fourth-year NSPBs (r = 0.46, p < 0.001). Teaching skills and nursing competency domains had the lowest significant relationships with the second- (r = 0.25, p = 0.034) third- (r = 0.30, p = 0.023) and fourth-year NSPBs (r = 0.35, p = 0,006), respectively.

Conclusions:
The comparison between the two mentioned variables in the academic year can provide appropriate information about potential problems of clinical education to develop clinical facilitation models.
The Effect of a Spiritual Care Program on the Self-Esteem of Patients with Cancer
Authors: Karimi Roya , Mousavizadeh Ruhollah , Mohammadirizi Shahla , Bahrami Masoud 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Despite the importance of self-esteem in cancer patients and the potential role of spiritual care programs in its promotion, no interventional study was found in this field in Iran. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the effect of a spiritual care program on the self-esteem of patients with various types of cancer.

Materials and Methods:
This study was quasi-experimental with two groups using a before and after design which was conducted in 2019 in a selected hospital in Isfahan, Iran. A convenience sample of 64 patients randomly assigned into the experimental (n = 32) and the control group (n = 32). Data collection was conducted through a two-part questionnaire including Demographic characteristics and the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory (SEI). The spiritual care program consisted of six sessions based on four domains including individuals' relationship with God, themselves, others, and with the environment. To analyze the data, Chi-square, Fisher's exact test, independent t test, and paired t test were performed.

Results:
The total self-esteem mean score and its domains were not significantly different between the two groups before the intervention (p > 0.05). However, after conducting the intervention, the total self-esteem mean score and its domains were significantly higher in the intervention group compared with the control group (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:
The spiritual care program used in this study was effective in promoting the self-esteem of patients with cancer. It is suggested that similar studies are conducted to provide fertile grounds for using such programs in the oncology clinical area.
Effect of Home Care Program on Re-hospitalization in Advanced Heart Failure
Authors: Shabani Fidan , Maleki Majid , Noohi Feridoun , Taghavi Sepideh , Khalili Yasaman , Shahboulaghi Farahnaz Mohammadi , Nayeri Nahid Dehghan , Amin Ahmad , Nakhaei Zahra , Naderi Nasim 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Heart failure is the leading cause of readmission in all medical and surgical patients. Home care studies have reduced hospitalization in heart failure. This study aimed to investigate the effect of home care program on readmission in advanced heart failure.

Materials and Methods:
The study was a randomized clinical trial conducted at the Rajaie Cardiovascular, Medical and Research Center from September 2017 to March 2018. Ninety-eight patients with advanced heart failure were selected using census method and were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. For the experimental group, the home care program was implemented for 6 months. The date and frequency of hospitalization were recorded during 30, 90, and 180 days before and after the home care program. The quantitative data analysis was performed using Mann–Whitney and Wilcoxon's signed-rank tests and qualitative data analysis was performed using the Chi-square test.

Results:
The number of hospitalization and length of hospital stay 30, 90, and 180 days after implementation of the home care program in the experimental group was significantly less than the control group (p < 0.001). The number of hospitalizations and length of stay in the experimental group decreased significantly after the program (p < 0.001). In the control group, 90 days after the intervention, the number of hospitalizations (p = 0.013) and length of stay increased significantly (p < 0.001), and 180 days after the intervention, increased significantly (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:
The implementation of a designed home care program reduces readmission and the length of hospital stay in advanced heart failure.
The Safe Coping Strategy of Nurses Working in the Care Units of Patients with COVID-19: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Ebrahimi Amrollah , Khorasani Parvaneh , Ahmadi Mahnaz , Andalib Sima , Mousavi Seyed Mohamad Hossein 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Nurses are in direct contact with patients with COVID-19 and have faced much tension with the rapid spread of coronavirus. This study aimed to explore the safe coping strategies of nurses when facing the COVID-19 pandemic.

Materials and Methods:
In this qualitative study, data were collected from September 20 to December 20, 2020, in Isfahan (Iran) through individual semi-structured interviews with 12 nurses working in the five referral centers for patients with COVID-19. Informants were selected via purposeful sampling and interviewed in one or several sessions at the appropriate time and place. The interviews continued until data saturation. All interviews continued until no new data were added to the continuous content analysis. Data analysis was performed using conventional content analysis based on Graneheim and Lundman’s approach. We used Guba and Lincoln’s criteria (including credibility, transferability, conformability, and dependability) to guarantee trustworthiness and rigor.

Results:
Safe coping strategies for nurses were discovered in two categories of “wise liberation” and “care,” and six subcategories. “Wise liberation” consisted of four subcategories: “living in the moment,” “accepting the inner and outer world,” “life enrichment,” and “building opportunities.” “Care” contained two subcategories: “caring for others” and “caring for oneself.”

Conclusions:
Discovering safe coping strategies for nurses could set the stage for special educational–therapeutic interventions so they can better understand their experiences and take advantage of the best coping strategies.
Adaptation of Practice Guidelines to Prevent Functional Decline in Hospitalized Elderly in Iran
Authors: Karimi Akram , Keshvari Mahrokh , Moghimian Maryam 
Published: May 2024

Background:
In Iran, many efforts have been made to improve the Quality of Life (QOL) of the elderly; however, despite the efforts made, there is no practice guideline based on the consensus of experts that can be used to prevent the functional decline of hospitalized elderly. Accordingly, the present study was conducted with the aim of adaptation of a practice guideline to prevent the functional decline of hospitalized elderly.

Materials and Methods:
This study is a developmental study based on the adaptation steps of the practice guideline. First, a search was conducted in 8 databases. The only practice guideline that met the inclusion criteria was then evaluated by the research team using the Appraisal of Guidelines for REsearch and Evaluation (AGREE II) tool. After content analysis of this guideline, the recommendations were categorized in the Canadian Senior Friendly Care (sfCare) Framework and according to the community conditions. Relevant evidence was used to supplement the content. The draft practice guideline was evaluated and modified in two expert panels through the RAND technique.

Results:
The categorized recommendations were developed in the eight chapters of introduction to the prevention of functional decline of the elderly, general practice guideline, organizational support, care processes, physical ecology, emotional and behavioral environment, ethics in care, and evaluation of function.

Conclusions:
To prevent functional decline in hospitalized elderly individuals according to the adaptive practice guideline, the hospital and health team need to be aware of support, care processes, and effective function appraisal to be able to provide care with coherent and coordinated solutions.
Essential Criteria for Designing Healthy Maternity Wear
Authors: Shamsaei Aida , Kazemi Ashraf , Enteshary-Najafabadi Hajar , Borujeni Nasrin Khosropour 
Published: May 2024

Background:
During pregnancy, because of unique changes in the body, pregnant women need access to clothes that meet their biological needs and inspire a positive attitude toward the body. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to investigate the essential criteria for healthy designing maternity clothing.

Materials and Methods:
The present study was conducted as a narrative review. Searches were performed in MEDLINE, ISI Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, EMBASE, ERIC, and ProQuest databases for the documents written between 2000 and 2021 regardless of the research methodology and the employed tools.

Results:
The results of this study were presented in three areas including women's expectations of maternity dress design, psycho-social effects of maternity wear, and maternal clothing designs.

Conclusions:
The results of this study expand the knowledge of healthy maternity wear designers and, consequently, show that maternity clothing should hold three characteristics, adaptability, comfort, and stylishness, and meanwhile minimize the protrusion of enlarged areas of the body.
Barriers to the Development of Clinical Reasoning Skills Among Coronary Care Nurses
Authors: Hosseinzadeh Touba , Tabrizi Kian Norouzi , Fallahi-Khoshknab Masoud , Khankeh Hamidreza , Shokooh Forozan 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Clinical Reasoning (CR) is a main professional competency for nurses which have significant contribution to sound clinical performance in critical clinical conditions. Nonetheless, evidence shows that nurses do not have the necessary competencies and thinking skills for managing complex conditions in critical care units. This study aimed at exploring the barriers to the development of CR skills among coronary care nurses.

Materials and Methods:
Using conventional content analysis, this qualitative study was conducted in 2020 in the Coronary Care Unit (CCU) of Heshmat Subspecialty Heart Center in Rasht, Iran. Participants were 15 nurses, head nurses, nursing supervisors, nursing managers, and nursing instructors. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and were analyzed using conventional content analysis.

Results:
The four main categories of the barriers to CR skill development among nurses were limited professional development, inefficient educational program, ineffective professional interactions, and limited professional self-efficacy.

Conclusion:
There are different personal, educational, professional, and interprofessional barriers to the development of CR skills among CCU nurses. Study findings can be used to develop effective strategies for supporting and developing nurses' CR skills.
The Effect of Emotional Freedom Technique on Fatigue among Women with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Ghaderi Zeinab , Nazari Fatemeh , Shaygannejad Vahid 
Published: May 2024

Background:
This study aimed to investigate the effect of Emotional Freedom Technique (EFT) on the severity of fatigue among women with Multiple Sclerosis (MS).

Materials and Methods:
This was a single-blind, randomized controlled trial study conducted on 50 women with MS in Isfahan, Iran. Sampling was performed using simple sampling method, then the participants were randomly divided into two groups of case and sham using the minimization method. The EFT intervention was performed on the case group, 2 sessions per week for a 4-weeks period. In the sham group, with the same psychological part of the EFT technique like case group, mild tapping was applied on false points for the same period of time. Fatigue severity score was obtained using the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) before and immediately and 4 weeks after the intervention in the two groups. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive and inferential statistical methods.

Results:
The results of the independent t-test indicated that the mean (SD) score of fatigue severity before the intervention was not significantly different between the case and sham groups 5.48 (0.75) and (5.39 (0.71) with (p = 0.67). However, this difference was significant immediately [(3.05 (0.89) and 5.15 (0.94)] and 4 weeks after the intervention 3.10 (0.81) and 5.59 (0.57) (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:
It seems that EFT is effective in diminishing fatigue among patients with MS and is recommended as a convenient and safe non-medicament strategy for self-management of fatigue among these patients, and can be used at the bedside by nurses.
The Effect of Peer Teaching on the Quality of Report Writing Based on the Nursing Process
Authors: Khodadadi Azam , Froutan Razieh , Salehian Maryam , Mazlom Seyed Reza 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Considering the importance of report writing and its problems, different teaching methods can be used to improve nurses' knowledge and performance, among which is peer teaching. This study aimed to determine the effect of peer teaching on the quality of report writing based on the nursing process.

Materials and Methods:
This quasi-experimental study examined 60 nurses working in the surgical and cardiac wards of Razavi Hospital in Mashhad during 2019. These wards randomly assigned to intervention (n = 30) and control (n = 30) groups. For 2 weeks, report writing teaching was implemented for the intervention group based on the nursing process through peer teaching. The control group routinely performed report writing. At the beginning and end of the study, we reviewed nursing reports of both groups using a valid and reliable checklist. Data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance with repeated-measures analysis of variance.

Results:
Before the intervention, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of scores of report writing quality in structure, content dimensions, and the total scores (p > 0.05). After the intervention, the mean score changes were significantly higher in the structure (Mean Difference (MD) = 4.99, 95%CI: 1. 26–8.72, p < 0.010), content (MD = 8.11, 95%CI: 4.91–11.31, p < 0.001), and the total quality of report writing (MD = 7.54, CI: 4.56–10.53, p < 0.010) in the intervention group than the control group.

Conclusions:
Peer teaching improved the nurses' quality of report writing. The teaching planners are recommended to use this method to train nursing staff.