bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma in Chinese Patients
Authors: Chen Yan , Han Tao , Iqbal Javeed , Irons Richard , Chan Wing C. , Zhu Xiongzeng , Fu Kai 
Published: January 2010

Abstract
In diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), BCL2 expression usually correlates with the t(14;18) (q32;q21) in germinal center B-cell (GCB) subtype and with gain/amplification of chromosome 18q21 in the activated B cell–like subtype. Studies have suggested that the GCB subtype is less common in Chinese than in Western populations. We studied 124 Chinese DLBCL cases using immunohistochemical, conventional cytogenetics, and interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization analyses. A cohort of 114 well-characterized DLBCL cases from Western populations was also analyzed for comparison. Lower incidences of the GCB subtype (P = .0001) and the t(14;18) translocation (P = .0001) were present in Chinese cases. However, BCL2 overexpression was more frequent in Chinese compared with Western cases (P = .0054). BCL2 expression was associated with gain of chromosome 18/18q in the Chinese and Western cohorts. More interestingly, BCL2 expression was associated with gain of chromosome 3/3q in Chinese DLBCL cases, whereas this association was less significant in Western cases.
Collection of Blood Specimens by Venipuncture for Plasma-Based Coagulation Assays
Authors: Raijmakers Maarten T.M. , Menting Carolien H.F. , Vader Huib L. , van der Graaf Fedde 
Published: January 2010

Abstract
The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) recently abandoned its recommendation for drawing a discard tube when performing a prothrombin time (PT)/international normalized ratio (INR) or an activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT). Because there is currently no evidence that a discard tube is necessary for more specialized coagulation assays, we studied the need for a discard tube for some of these tests. Blood was obtained from 88 subjects in 2 subsequent citrate tubes. Platelet-free plasma was tested for PT, APTT, antithrombin, protein C, and factors II, V, VIII, IX, and X. Difference and bias between tubes were tested using the Wilcoxon signed rank test and Bland-Altman plots. For only APTT, antithrombin, and protein C was a small, statistically significant mean bias found (0.5 seconds; P = .001; −0.7%, P = .002; and −0.8%, P &lt; .0001, respectively), but the bias of individual samples was not clinically relevant. This was also true for the other parameters tested. The recent CLSI recommendation that a discard tube is not necessary for PT/INR and APTT can be extended to include more specialized plasma-based coagulation assays as identified in this study.
Clinical, Immunophenotypic, and Genetic Characterization of Small Lymphocyte–Like Plasma Cell Myeloma
Authors: Heerema-McKenney Amy , Waldron James , Hughes Steven , Zhan Fenghuang , Sawyer Jeffery , Barlogie Bart , Shaughnessy John D. 
Published: January 2010

Abstract
We reviewed bone marrow studies from 351 multiple myeloma (MM) cases, selecting 12 cases (3.4%) with predominantly small lymphocyte–like morphologic features resembling B-cell lymphoma, and correlated their genetic and clinical features. All exhibited a diffuse interstitial pattern of marrow involvement. Small lymphocyte–like plasma cells were all CD45– with bright CD38 and CD138 expression and CD20 expression in 5 cases. No case had an increase in bone marrow B lymphocytes by flow cytometry. Of 12 cases, 9 were classified as the CD-2 molecular class by gene expression profiling (GEP). The 29 CD-2 class cases with (n = 9) and without (n = 20) small lymphocyte–like features could not be discerned from one another using global GEP. Event-free, but not overall, survival was significantly better in cases with small lymphocyte–like features among those sharing the CD-2 subtype. Small lymphocyte–like MM is a rare, morphologically challenging variant distinguished from B-cell lymphoma by lack of CD45 and presence of CD138 and the clinical presentation of MM. Most cases share a common GEP signature dominated by hyperexpression of cyclin D1 or cyclin D3 genes, with increased expression of the B-cell genes CD20 and VPREB3.
Use of the Cell-Dyn Sapphire Hematology Analyzer for Automated Counting of Blood Cells in Body Fluids
Authors: De Smet Dieter , Van Moer Guy , Martens Geert A. , Nanos Nikolaos , Smet Lutgarde , Jochmans Kristin , De Waele Marc 
Published: January 2010

Abstract
The enumeration and identification of blood cells in body fluids offers important information for the diagnosis and treatment of various medical conditions. Manual microscopic methods (hemacytometer total cell count and cytocentrifuged differential count) have inherent analytic and economic disadvantages but are still considered the “gold standard” methods. We evaluated the analytic and clinical performance of the Cell-Dyn Sapphire hematology analyzer (Abbott Diagnostics Division, Santa Clara, CA) for automated blood cell counting and leukocyte differential counting in cerebrospinal fluid, serous fluid (peritoneal and pleural fluid), and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis fluid, and we compared the performance with the respective manual methods. In the present article, we describe its applicability for the distinct body fluids, and we highlight limitations and caveats.
LOX Index, a Novel Predictive Biochemical Marker for Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke
Authors: Inoue Nobutaka , Okamura Tomonori , Kokubo Yoshihiro , Fujita Yoshiko , Sato Yuko , Nakanishi Mamoru , Yanagida Kazuki , Kakino Akemi , Iwamoto Shin , Watanabe Makoto , Ogura Sayoko , Otsui Kazunori , Matsuda Haruo , Uchida Kagehiro , Yoshimoto Ryo , Sawamura Tatsuya 
Published: January 2010

Abstract
Background: Lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor 1 (LOX-1) is implicated in atherothrombotic diseases. Activation of LOX-1 in humans can be evaluated by use of the LOX index, obtained by multiplying the circulating concentration of LOX-1 ligands containing apolipoprotein B (LAB) times that of the soluble form of LOX-1 (sLOX-1) [LOX index = LAB × sLOX-1]. This study aimed to establish the prognostic value of the LOX index for coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke in a community-based cohort.
Methods: An 11-year cohort study of 2437 residents age 30–79 years was performed in an urban area located in Japan. Of these, we included in the analysis 1094 men and 1201 women without history of stroke and CHD. We measured LAB and sLOX-1 using ELISAs with recombinant LOX-1 and monoclonal anti–apolipoprotein B antibody and with 2 monoclonal antibodies against LOX-1, respectively.
Results: During the follow-up period, there were 68 incident cases of CHD and 91 cases of stroke (with 60 ischemic strokes). Compared with the bottom quartile, the hazard ratio (HR) of the top quartile of LOX index was 1.74 (95% CI 0.92–3.30) for stroke and 2.09 (1.00–4.35) for CHD after adjusting for sex, age, body mass index, drinking, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, non-HDL cholesterol, and use of lipid-lowering agents. Compared with the bottom quartile of LOX index, the fully adjusted HRs for ischemic stroke were consistently high from the second to the top quartile: 3.39 (95% CI 1.34–8.53), 3.15 (1.22–8.13) and 3.23 (1.24–8.37), respectively.
Conclusions: Higher LOX index values were associated with an increased risk of CHD. Low LOX index values may be protective against ischemic stroke.
An unprecedented triorganotin carboxylate structure – an isolated aggregate containing neutral and deprotonated forms of a carboxylic acid
Authors: Basu Baul Tushar S. , Paul Anup , Tiekink Edward R. T. 
Published: January 2010

Abstract
Crystallography reveals that the title compound, nBu3SnL(LH) features a neutral nBu3SnL species complexed to the neutral form of the carboxylic acid, where LH is 2-[(E)-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)diazen-1-yl]benzoic acid. The resulting trigonal bipyramidal coordination geometry is based on a trans-C3O2 donor set; O–Sn–O = 167.59(13)°. As such, a new structural motif is found for triorganotin carboxylates. In the crystal structure, two nBu3SnL(LH) molecules self assemble via O–HO hydrogen bonding leading to the formation of 48-membered macrocyclic rings. Crystal data for C40H50N4O6Sn: triclinic, P-1, a = 11.792(7), b = 12.887(7), c = 13.708(7) Å, α = 71.61(3), β = 78.39(3), γ = 82.80(4)°, V = 1932.0(18) Å3, Z = 2, R = 0.066.
Clinical features of GH deficiency and effects of 3 years of GH replacement in adults with controlled Cushing's disease
Authors: Höybye Charlotte , Ragnarsson Oskar , Jönsson Peter J , Koltowska-Häggström Maria , Trainer Peter , Feldt-Rasmussen Ulla , Biller Beverly M K 
Published: January 2010

ObjectivePatients in remission from Cushing's disease (CD) have many clinical features that are difficult to distinguish from those of concomitant GH deficiency (GHD). In this study, we evaluated the features of GHD in a large cohort of controlled CD patients, and assessed the effect of GH treatment.Design and methodsData were obtained from KIMS, the Pfizer International Metabolic Database. A retrospective cross-sectional comparison of background characteristics in unmatched cohorts of patients with CD (n=684, 74% women) and nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma (NFPA;n=2990, 39% women) was conducted. In addition, a longitudinal evaluation of 3 years of GH replacement in a subset of patients with controlled CD (n=322) and NFPA (n=748) matched for age and gender was performed.ResultsThe cross-sectional study showed a significant delay in GHD diagnosis in the CD group, who had a higher prevalence of hypertension, fractures, and diabetes mellitus. In the longitudinal, matched study, the CD group had a better metabolic profile but a poorer quality of life (QoL) at baseline, which was assessed with the disease-specific questionnaire QoL-assessment of GHD in adults. After 3 years of GH treatment (mean dose at 3 years 0.39 mg/day in CD and 0.37 mg/day in NFPA), total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased, while glucose and HbAlc increased. Improvement in QoL was observed, which was greater in the CD group (−6 CD group versus −5 NFPA group,P<0.01).ConclusionIn untreated GHD, co-morbidities, including impairment of QoL, were more prevalent in controlled CD. Overall, both the groups responded similarly to GH replacement, suggesting that patients with GHD due to CD benefit from GH to the same extent as those with GHD due to NFPA.
Teachers' Perception of the Role of Competition in Their Country: Hungary, Japan and the USA
Authors: Fülöp Marta 
Published: January 2010

This article focuses on how teachers in different societies, namely a post-socialist society in Europe, an Asian democracy and a Western democracy, perceive and understand the role of competition. Teachers from Hungary, Japan and the USA were asked to answer an open-ended questionnaire. The qualitative analysis of the answers revealed those dimensions and categories of thinking teachers apply when describing the role of competition in their respective societies: the area of competition, the intensity of competition, the emotional evaluation of competition and the consequences of competition (positive and negative). According to the results, American teachers are the most neutral towards competition, they concentrate rather on the directly perceivable aspects of competition, like area and intensity and they do not tend to elaborate on the consequences of competition, especially not on the negative ones. Both Japanese and Hungarian teachers are rather emotional and deep in their approach, referring more often to consequences and the relationship between competition and other social phenomena. While Japanese teachers are rather elaborate in terms of the positive consequences, Hungarian teachers are elaborate in terms of the negative ones. The results are explained by the historical and cultural differences among the three societies.
Ma'A Lexicon and Afro-Asiatic IV: Ma'A ŝ-
Authors: Takács Gábor 
Published: January 2010

Ma'A Lexicon and Afro-Asiatic IV: Ma'Aŝ-The paper represents part of a longer series that examines the lexical stock of the Ma'a language, an exotic Mischsprache combining a Bantu grammar with a basically Cushitic (henceforth, Afro-Asiatic) lexicon, from the standpoint of etymology. This part contains (mostly new) etymologies of Ma'a words with the initial lateral sibilant.
Extranodal nasal-type NK/T-cell lymphoma: Computed tomography findings of head and neck involvement
Authors: Kim Jinna , Kim Eung Yeop , Lee Seung-Koo , Kim Dong Ik , Kim Chang-Hoon , Kim Se-Heon , Choi Eun Chang 
Published: January 2010

Background: Extranodal nasal-type natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma (NKTL) is a rare, but distinct clinical entity in Asian populations. However, it is not uncommon for NKTL to be belatedly or postoperatively diagnosed because radiologists are not familiar with its radiological features. Purpose: To investigate the computed tomography (CT) findings in patients with extranodal nasal-type NKTL involving the head and neck. Material and Methods: Twenty-nine patients (18 male, 11 female; mean age 51.5 years) with pathologically proven extranodal nasal-type NKTL were enrolled in this study. Two head-and-neck radiologists retrospectively evaluated the CT scans with special attention to the primary site, the extent of involvement, and patterns of the lesions (i.e., morphologic features, ulceration or necrosis, and bone destruction). Results: The cases of nasal-type NKTL consisted of primary tumors arising from the sinonasal cavity in 13 patients (45%), the naso/oropharynx in three patients (10%), and simultaneous involvement in the nasal cavity and naso/oropharynx in 13 patients (45%). Fourteen patients (48%) showed tumor extension into adjacent structures. Of the 26 patients with involvement of the nasal cavity, 18 (69%) presented with an infiltrative pattern, seven (27%) with a polypoid pattern, and one (4%) with a combined pattern. Areas of necrosis within the tumor were observed in six patients (21%), bone destruction in five (17%), and regional lymphadenopathies in two (7%). Conclusion: Extranodal NKTL may be initially suggested by CT findings in the head and neck. Clinicians should consider these findings indicative of the possibility of NKTL, and should perform a histopathologic confirmation to establish a diagnosis.
Promoter Insertion/Deletion in the IRF5 Gene Is Highly Associated with Susceptibility to Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Distinct Populations, But Exerts a Modest Effect on Gene Expression in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells
Authors: LÖFGREN SARA E. , YIN HONG , DELGADO-VEGA ANGELICA M. , SANCHEZ ELENA , LEWÉN SUSANNA , PONS-ESTEL BERNARDO A. , WITTE TORSTEN , D’ALFONSO SANDRA , ORTEGO-CENTENO NORBERTO , MARTIN JAVIER , ALARCÓN-RIQUELME MARTA E. , KOZYREV SERGEY V. 
Published: January 2010

Objective.We examined the genetic association of the promoter insertion/deletion (indel) in IRF5 gene with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in distinct populations and assessed its role in gene expression.Methods.Four IRF5 polymorphisms were genotyped in 1488 SLE patients and 1466 controls. Gene expression was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR using RNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).Results.The promoter indel and rs2070197 had independent genetic effects, which accounted for the association of rs2004640 and rs10954213. Gene expression analysis revealed that rs10954213 exerted the greatest influence on IRF5 transcript levels.Conclusion.We corroborated the association of the promoter indel with SLE in 5 different populations and revealed that rs10954213 is the main single-nucleotide polymorphism responsible for altered IRF5 expression in PBMC.
Interleukin 10 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Genotypes in Rheumatoid Arthritis — Association with Clinical Response to Glucocorticoids
Authors: de PAZ BANESA , ALPERI-LÓPEZ MERCEDES , BALLINA-GARCÍA FRANCISCO J. , PRADO CATUXA , MOZO LOURDES , GUTIÉRREZ CARMEN , SUÁREZ ANA 
Published: January 2010

Objective.There are dysregulated levels of interleukin 10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and their role in the disease is controversial. We analyzed the association of functional polymorphisms of IL-10 and TNF-α with susceptibility and disease characteristics at the time of diagnosis, and we also evaluated their possible use as predictors of clinical response to treatments.Methods.Patients with recent-onset RA (n = 162) and healthy controls (n = 373) were genotyped for −1082 IL-10 and −308 TNF-α polymorphisms and data were related to clinical and immunological measurements of patients at the time of diagnosis. Response to treatment after 6 months was determined in 125 patients by the absolute change in Disease Activity Score (DAS28) and the American College of Rheumatology criteria for improvement.Results.We found a reduced frequency of the low IL-10 producer genotype (−1082AA) in patients with RA compared to controls (26.5% vs 38.9%; p = 0.006), while it is a risk factor for anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (anti-CCP) positivity (p = 0.028). Evaluation of clinical response to treatments indicated that carriage of the high IL-10 genotype was associated with a favorable outcome (p = 0.009), specifically to prednisone therapy (p = 0.0003). No significant effects were observed with TNF-α polymorphism alone; however, in combination with the IL-10 genotype, it increased the strength of these associations.Conclusion.Results show an association between the low IL-10 producer genotype and protection from RA; nevertheless, when other specific genetic and/or environmental factors trigger onset of RA, this genotype may predispose to development of anti-CCP+ RA disease with reduced response to prednisone treatment.
Increased Concentrations of Prostaglandin D2During Post-Fracture Bone Remodeling
Authors: GALLANT MAXIME A. , CHAMOUX ESTELLE , BISSON MARTINE , WOLSEN CATARINA , PARENT JEAN-LUC , ROUX SOPHIE , de BRUM-FERNANDES ARTUR J. 
Published: January 2010

Objective.To test the hypothesis that increased concentrations of prostaglandin D2(PGD2) correlate with bone remodeling. Studies using isolated bone cells indicate that PGD2may be implicated in the regulation of bone homeostasis, with a positive influence on bone anabolism. We studied patients with traumatic fractures and age- and sex-matched healthy controls as anin vivomodel of increased bone remodeling.Methods.Thirty-five patients with bone fracture and matched controls were recruited. Urine and sera samples were collected. Urinary 11ß-PGF2α, a PGD2metabolite, and PGE2metabolites (PGEM), serum lipocalin-type PGD2synthase (L-PGDS), bone alkaline phosphatase (bone ALP), and crosslinked C-telopeptides of type I collagen (CTX) were measured.Results.At 5–6 weeks post-fracture, 11ß-PGF2α, L-PGDS, bone ALP, and CTX were significantly increased in the fracture patients compared to controls. PGEM levels were not different between groups. Levels of 11ß-PGF2αand bone ALP were positively correlated, suggesting that PGD2may be implicated in fracture repair.Conclusion.These results support our working hypothesis that PGD2could be implicated in the control of bone anabolism in humans.
Chronic Conditions and Health Problems in Rheumatic Diseases: Comparisons with Rheumatoid Arthritis, Noninflammatory Rheumatic Disorders, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, and Fibromyalgia
Authors: WOLFE FREDERICK , MICHAUD KALEB , LI TRACY , KATZ ROBERT S. 
Published: January 2010

Objectives.To describe and compare the prevalence of lifetime and current self-reported comorbidity and associated quality of life in 4 rheumatic diseases, and to investigate comorbid conditions in light of the overlap between the index condition and comorbid conditions (CC), and in the context of symptom-type diagnoses.Methods.We studied comorbidity in 11,704 patients with fibromyalgia (FM), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and noninflammatory rheumatic disorders (NIRD). Patients completed semiannual self-reports relating to 22 present and past illnesses and completed the EuroQol (EQ-5D) utility index.Results.CC were most common in FM, followed by SLE. FM comorbidity was dominated by depression, mental illness, and symptom-type comorbidity (e.g., gastrointestinal and genitourinary disorders). In SLE, there were substantial increases in hypertension, depression, cataract, fractures, and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular, neurologic, lung, gall bladder and endocrine disorders compared with RA. Any current CC reduced the EQ-5D utility by 0.08 to 0.16 units. The lowest EQ-5D score was noted for current psychiatric illness (0.55) and current depression (0.60).Conclusion.Four patterns of comorbidity emerged: that associated with aging; that associated with aging but enhanced by the index condition, as in SLE and cardiovascular disease; comorbidity that is part of the symptoms complex of the index condition; and CC that represent lifetime traits or manifestations of the underlying illness. Depression was the most strongly associated correlate of EQ-5D quality of life, and current depression was present in about 15% of patients with RA or NIRD and 34% to 39% of those with SLE and FM.
Abatacept for Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Cochrane Systematic Review
Authors: MAXWELL LARA J. , SINGH JASVINDER A. 
Published: January 2010

Objective.To perform a systematic review of efficacy and safety of abatacept in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods.We searched the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, ACP Journal Club, and Biosis Previews for randomized controlled trials (RCT) comparing abatacept alone or in combination with disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARD)/biologics to placebo or other DMARD/biologics in patients with RA. Two reviewers independently assessed search results, risk of bias, and extracted data.Results.Seven trials with 2908 patients were included. Compared with placebo, patients with RA treated with abatacept were 2.2 times more likely to achieve an American College of Rheumatology 50% response (ACR50) at one year (relative risk 2.21, 95% CI 1.73, 2.82) with a 21% (95% CI 16%, 27%) absolute risk difference between groups. The number needed to treat to achieve an ACR50 response was 5 (95% CI 4, 7). Significantly greater improvements in physical function, disease activity, pain, and radiographic progression were noted in abatacept-treated patients compared to placebo. Total adverse events (AE) were greater in the abatacept group (RR 1.05, 95% CI 1.01, 1.08). Other harm outcomes were not significant, with the exception of serious infections at 12 months, which were more common in the abatacept group versus control group (Peto odds ratio 1.91, 95% CI 1.07, 3.42). Serious AE were more numerous in the abatacept + etanercept group versus the placebo + etanercept group (RR 2.30, 95% CI 1.15, 4.62).Conclusion.Abatacept seems to be efficacious and safe in the treatment of RA. Abatacept should not be used in combination with other biologics to treat RA. Further longterm studies and postmarketing surveillance are required to assess for longer-term harms and sustained efficacy.