bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The physiological stress response and oxidative stress biomarkers in rainbow trout and brook trout from selenium‐impacted streams in a coal mining region
Authors: Miller L. L. , Rasmussen J. B. , Palace V. P. , Hontela A. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractSelenium (Se) is an essential element that can be toxic at concentrations slightly greater than those required for homeostasis. The main chronic toxic effects of Se in fish are teratogenic deformities, but Se can also activate the physiological stress response and redox cycle with reduced glutathione causing oxidative damage. Rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, appear to be more sensitive to Se than brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis. The objective of this study was to compare the physiological stress response (plasma cortisol, glucose, triiodothyronine, thyroxine, gill Na+/K+ ATPase, cortisol secretory capacity, K and liver somatic index) and oxidative stress biomarkers (liver GSH, GPx, lipid peroxidation, vitamin A and vitamin E) in rainbow trout (RNTR) and brook trout (BKTR) collected from reference and Se‐exposed streams. The physiological stress response was not impaired (cortisol secretory capacity unchanged); although there were species differences in plasma cortisol and plasma glucose levels. Liver GSH, GPx and vitamin levels were higher in RNTR than BKTR, but lipid peroxidation levels were not different. The elevated GSH reserves may make RNTR more sensitive to Se‐induced lipid peroxidation, but this may be offset by the RNTR's higher antioxidant (GPx and vitamin) levels. Species‐specific biochemical differences may mediate differences in Se sensitivity and be used in aquatic Se risk assessments. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stability of histone modifications across mammalian genomes: Implications for ‘epigenetic’ marking
Authors: Lee Benjamin M. , Mahadevan Louis C. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe combination of chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) with microarray analysis (ChIP‐chip) or high‐throughput sequencing (ChIP‐seq and ChIP‐SAGE) has provided maps of a wide variety of site‐specific histone modifications across mammalian genomes in various cell types. Although distinct genomic regions and functional elements have been strongly associated with specific histone modifications, an overwhelming number of combinatorial patterns have also been observed across the genome. While peaks of enrichment in ChIP‐chip and ChIP‐seq data may suggest stable and predictive ‘landmarks’ across the genomic landscape, studies from transcribed genes indicate a more dynamic model of how these data may be interpreted. In light of such studies, which show highly dynamic methylation, acetylation and phosphorylation of histone H3 during gene transcription, we consider the extent to which genome‐wide maps of chromatin state could be interpreted as ‘snapshots’ of heterogeneous profiles deriving from dynamic modification processes. Rather than acting as static ‘epigenetic’ landmarks, histone modifications may function as dynamic and transient operational marks supporting specific steps in diverse processes throughout the mammalian genome. J. Cell. Biochem. 108: 22–34, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Helicobacter pylori seropositivity and its relationship with serum malondialdehyde and lipid profile in preeclampsia
Authors: Aksoy Hulya , Ozkan Asuman , Aktas Ferda , Borekci Bunyamin 
Published: July 2009

AbstractObjective: To investigate Helicobacter pylori seropositivity rate in preeclamptic and healthy pregnants. Additionally, we compared serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and lipid profile between H. pylori‐positive and negative cases. Method: This study included 53 preeclamptic and 30 healthy pregnants. Serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high‐density lipoprotein (HDL‐C) and low‐density lipoprotein (LDL‐C), MDA, and H. pylori Ig G antibodies were measured. Results: Preeclampsia group had higher serum MDA levels compared with healthy pregnants (P<0.001). While the rate of H. pylori seropositivity was 43/53 (81%) in the preeclampsia group, this was 18/30 (% 60) in normal pregnants (odds ratio (OR), 2.86; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.05–7.82; P=0.036). We further divided the preeclampsia group as H. pylori‐positive and H. pylori‐negative subgroups. In H. pylori‐positive group, serum TC (P<0.01) and LDL‐C (P<0.01) levels were significantly higher than those of H. pylori‐negative group. Mean MDA concentration was higher in H. pylori‐positive group than that of H. pylori‐negative group (P<0.001). Conclusion: H. pylori‐positive pregnants may have a high risk for preeclampsia and H. pylori may be one of the causes for high MDA levels in preeclampsia. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 23:219–222, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Experimental infection of mongolian gerbils by a genotype 4 strain of swine hepatitis E virus
Authors: Li Wengui , Sun Quan , She Ruiping , Wang Decheng , Duan Xinhui , Yin Jun , Ding Ye 
Published: July 2009

AbstractAn ideal animal model for hepatitis E virus (HEV) research is still unavailable. To assess the possibility of using Mongolian gerbils as animal model, 28 gerbils were randomly assigned into two groups, 14 for each group. Gerbils in Group 1 were inoculated with a genotype 4 HEV recovered from swine via the intraperitoneal route. Group 2 was used as a negative control and inoculated with normal suspension of swine liver. Sera and feces samples were collected once a week for 7 weeks. Two gerbils from both groups were necropsied weekly, pathological changes were recorded and tissue samples collected for further investigation. Distribution of the virus antigens was determined by immunohistochemical staining. Nested RT‐PCR and a commercial ELISA kit were used to confirm the infection. Research results demonstrated that Mongolian gerbils in Group 1 were successfully infected with HEV. Viremia and fecal virus shedding lasted nearly 4 weeks, while the virus could be detected constantly in the liver, and occasionally in the kidneys and spleen as well as the small intestine. Histopathological changes in the liver were present with slight, multifocal, lymphohistiocytic infiltrates in the portal tracts or distributed irregularly throughout the liver. HEV antigens could be detected in the liver and intestine, and were mainly distributed in the nuclei. The results indicate that Mongolian gerbils could be used as an ideal animal model for the study of HEV. J. Med. Virol. 81:1591–1596, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Influence of distinct anatomic subregions of the supraspinatus on humeral rotation
Authors: Gates Jeffrey J. , Gilliland Jeremy , McGarry Michelle H. , Park Maxwell C. , Acevedo Daniel , Fitzpatrick Michael J. , Lee Thay Q. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe supraspinatus, having distinct anterior and posterior subregions, is most commonly considered an abductor of the humerus, but it has also been shown to induce humeral rotation. The objective of this study was to quantify the magnitude and direction of humeral rotation that results from loading the distinct anterior and posterior subregions of the supraspinatus. Fourteen cadaver specimens were tested under four loading conditions based on physiological cross section area of the supraspinatus: (1) anterior only; (2) posterior only; (3) physiologic (each subregion loaded simultaneously); and (4) nonphysiologic (the tendon loaded as a whole). Each specimen was tested at 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60° of glenohumeral abduction in the scapular plane and from 60° of internal to 45° of external rotation in 15° increments. The humeral rotation that occurred with loading from the initial starting rotation position was measured using a rotary variable inductance transducer. In the scapular plane, the anterior subregion of the supraspinatus acts as both an internal and external rotator depending on the initial position of the humerus. The posterior subregion either acted as an external rotator or did not induce rotation. This study demonstrated a distinct functional difference between the anatomic subregions of the supraspinatus. This understanding will help to improve testing methods and the development of repair strategies of the supraspinatus. © 2009 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 28:12–17, 2010
Axin2 regulates chondrocyte maturation and axial skeletal development
Authors: Dao Debbie Y. , Yang Xue , Flick Lisa M. , Chen Di , Hilton Matthew J. , O'Keefe Regis J. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractAxis inhibition proteins 1 and 2 (Axin1 and Axin2) are scaffolding proteins that modulate at least two signaling pathways that are crucial in skeletogenesis: the Wnt/β‐catenin and TGF‐β signaling pathways. To determine whether Axin2 is important in skeletogenesis, we examined the skeletal phenotype of Axin2‐null mice in a wild‐type or Axin1+/− background. Animals with disrupted Axin2 expression displayed a runt phenotype when compared to heterozygous littermates. Whole‐mount and tissue β‐galactosidase staining of Axin2LacZ/LacZ mice revealed that Axin2 is expressed in cartilage tissue, and histological sections from knockout animals showed shorter hypertrophic zones in the growth plate. Primary chondrocytes were isolated from Axin2‐null and wild‐type mice, cultured, and assayed for type X collagen gene expression. While type II collagen levels were depressed in cells from Axin2‐deficient animals, type X collagen gene expression was enhanced. There was no difference in BrdU incorporation between null and heterozygous mice, suggesting that loss of Axin2 does not alter chondrocyte proliferation. Taken together, these findings reveal that disruption of Axin2 expression results in accelerated chondrocyte maturation. In the presence of a heterozygous deficiency of Axin1, Axin2 was also shown to play a critical role in craniofacial and axial skeleton development. © 2009 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 28:89–95, 2010
Orderly osteochondral regeneration in a sheep model using a novel nano‐composite multilayered biomaterial
Authors: Kon Elizaveta , Delcogliano Marco , Filardo Giuseppe , Fini Milena , Giavaresi Gianluca , Francioli Silvia , Martin Ivan , Pressato Daniele , Arcangeli Elena , Quarto Rodolfo , Sandri Monica , Marcacci Maurillo 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe objective of this article was to investigate the safety and regenerative potential of a newly developed biomimetic scaffold when applied to osteochondral defects in an animal model. A new multilayer gradient nano‐composite scaffold was obtained by nucleating collagen fibrils with hydroxyapatite nanoparticles. In the femoral condyles of 12 sheep, 24 osteochondral lesions were created. Animals were randomized into three treatment groups: scaffold alone, scaffold colonized in vitro with autologous chondrocytes and empty defects. Six months after surgery, the animals were sacrificed and the lesions were histologically evaluated. Histologic and gross evaluation of specimens showed good integration of the chondral surface in all groups except for the control group. Significantly better bone regeneration was observed both in the group receiving the scaffold alone and in the group with scaffold loaded with autologous chondrocytes. No difference in cartilage surface reconstruction and osteochondral defect filling was noted between cell‐seeded and cell‐free groups. In the control group, no bone or cartilage defect healing occurred, and the defects were filled with fibrous tissue. Quantitative macroscopic and histological score evaluations confirmed the qualitative trends observed. The results of the present study showed that this novel osteochondral scaffold is safe and easy to use, and may represent a suitable matrix to direct and coordinate the process of bone and hyaline‐like cartilage regeneration. The comparable regeneration process observed with or without autologous chondrocytes suggests that the main mode of action of the scaffold is based on the recruitment of local cells. © 2009 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 28:116–124, 2010
Chinese yam polysaccharide enhances growth performance and cellular immune response in weanling rats
Authors: Kong Xiang‐Feng , Zhang Yu‐Zhe , Yin Yu‐Long , Wu Guo‐Yao , Zhou Huai‐Jun , Tan Zhi‐Liang , Yang Feng , Bo Mei‐Juan , Huang Rui‐Lin , Li Tie‐Jun , Geng Mei‐Mei 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: In order to develop a novel dietary additive for potential application in domestic animals and humans, a fraction of Chinese yam polysaccharide (CYP) was prepared and a study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary supplementation with CYP on the immune response and growth performance in weanling rats.RESULTS: Dietary supplementation with CYP increased the average daily feed intake and average daily gain but decreased the feed/gain ratio overall compared with the non‐supplemented group. CYP also significantly increased the serum contents of interleukin‐2 and tumour necrosis factor and the proliferation activity of peripheral lymphocytes but decreased the serum contents of low‐density lipoprotein, total cholesterol and triglyceride compared with the non‐supplemented group.CONCLUSION: The increase in cellular immunity in CYP‐supplemented weanling rats confers an important protective role in the non‐specific defence against infections. This herbal polysaccharide, as a natural green dietary additive for promoting the immune response and healthy growth, may offer an effective alternative to antibiotics for weanling animals. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Iron absorption and haemoglobin status of rats fed a ferrous bisglycinate‐fortified growing‐up milk
Authors: Haro‐Vicente Juan F , Pérez‐Conesa Darío , Braqueháis Fernando R , Ros Gaspar 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: Infants and toddlers aged 6–24 months constitute one of the groups at highest risk of iron deficiency. A promising alternative for ferrous sulfate (FS) might be ferrous bisglycinate (FeAAC), which is less likely to cause sensory changes in the food vehicle. This work aims to compare the effect of FeAAC with that of FS, when added to a growing‐up milk, on the iron and haemoglobin status in weanling rats using a depletion–repletion model.RESULTS: After the repletion period no significant differences were found in iron absorption, Hb concentration, Hb iron, Hb regeneration efficiency (HRE), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular Hb (MCH), mean corpuscular Hb concentration (MCHC), serum iron, total iron binding capacity (TIBC), transferrin saturation (TS), and ferritin between the group fed a growing‐up milk fortified with FS and the group fed one fortified with FeAAC. Furthermore, iron absorption, HRE, MCV, MCH, serum iron, and TS were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in groups fed either type of iron‐fortified growing‐up milk compared to the control group (AIN‐93G diet).CONCLUSION: A growing‐up milk supplemented with FeAAC showed an improvement in the iron absorption and haemoglobin status at the same level as those of FS. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
CHO Cells Adhering to Nitrogen‐Rich Plasma‐Polymerised Ethylene Exhibit High Production of a Specific Recombinant Protein
Authors: Gigout Anne , Levasseur Sophie , Girard‐Lauriault Pierre‐Luc , Buschmann Michael D. , Wertheimer Michael R. , Jolicoeur Mario 
Published: July 2009

AbstractIn many industrial applications, inadequate cell attachment can be a limitation, especially when serum‐free media are used. Nitrogen‐rich plasma‐polymerised ethylene (PPE:N) exhibits high concentrations of polar groups that can help to promote the attachment of weakly adherent cell types. Tissue plasminogen activator‐producing Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, adapted to suspension, were grown in the presence PPE:N flakes and were found to adhere to them. The growth rate was reduced, but cell viability was enhanced and their metabolism was more efficient, with generally higher recombinant protein productivity. Finally, cell adhesion on PPE:N surfaces was found to be independent of integrins, and was probably mediated by certain non‐specific interactions with the PPE:N surface.magnified image
Elimination of Separation Processes for Post‐Consumer Polyolefin Waste: Reactive Blending Using 1,3‐Phenylene Dimaleimide in Presence of Filler
Authors: Khunová Viera , Liauw Christopher M. , Kelnar Ivan , Snauko Marian 
Published: July 2009

AbstractA novel approach using reactive processing is explored that eliminates the labour‐intensive separation of post‐consumer polyolefin waste from the mixed plastics waste stream. The reactive compatibiliser BMI has been used to form a modified blend of PCPW with 40% improved tensile strength relative to the uncompatibilised control. Addition of 60 wt.‐% magnesium hydroxide [Mg(OH)2] during reactive compatibilisation with BMI gave rise to an even more significant enhancement (up to 100%) of the tensile strength. BMI was also able to usefully enhance the properties of a composite based on calcium carbonate and the polyolefin waste.magnified image
Preparation of Ag‐Embedded Polystyrene Nanospheres and Nanocapsules by Miniemulsion Polymerization
Authors: Koh Haeng‐Deog , Changez Mohammad , Lee Jung‐Pil , Lee Jae‐Suk 
Published: July 2009

AbstractAn isopropyl myristate (IPM) biocompatible oil and an IPM solution of dodecanethiol‐capped Ag nanoparticles (NPs, 4.5 nm) were used as hydrophobes to suppress the Ostwald ripening of monomer/hydrophobe miniemulsified droplets in a surfactant‐stabilized water phase. The formation of non‐IPM‐encapsulated nanospheres (48 nm) and IPM‐encapsulated nanocapsules (90 nm) were precisely controlled by using a water‐soluble and an oil‐soluble initiator, respectively, in the presence of a pure IPM as a hydrophobe in miniemulsion polymerization. Well‐defined PS nanospheres, on which surfaces were coated with Ag NPs (Ag/PS nanospheres, 65 nm), and nanocapsules encapsulating both NPs and IPM liquid phase (Ag‐IPM/PS nanocapsules, 115 nm) were made by replacing the hydrophobe from pure IPM with Ag/IPM solution. These nanostructures were characterized by transmission and scanning electron microscopes.magnified image
Resolution‐recovery for EPR imaging of free radical molecules in mice
Authors: Ikebata Yusuke , Sato‐Akaba Hideo , Aoyama Takashi , Fujii Hirotada , Itoh Kouichi , Hirata Hiroshi 
Published: July 2009

AbstractA method of post‐processing to enhance the image resolution of the distribution of free radical molecules obtained with continuous‐wave electron paramagnetic resonance (CW‐EPR) imaging is reported. The low spatial resolution of EPR imaging, which has created difficulties in biomedical applications, was overcome by the method of resolution‐recovery for EPR imaging. High spatial resolution images for the distribution of free radical molecules with a very short relaxation time were obtained with this method. The method's two‐step postprocessing consists of conventional deconvolution and filtered back‐projection and a process of iterative deconvolution. The resolution‐recovery method was demonstrated with three‐dimensional (3D) imaging of stable nitroxyl radicals in mouse head. In phantom experiments with a solution of triarylmethyl (TAM) radicals, the spatial resolution was improved by a factor of 7 with the resolution‐recovery method. Magn Reson Med, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hereditary rimmed vacuole myopathy showing interstitial amyloid deposition in muscle tissue
Authors: Kojima Yukiko , Sakai Kenji , Ishida Chiho , Asaka Tomoya , Hamaguchi Tsuyoshi , Nozaki Ichiro , Fukushima Kazuhiro , Tsuchiya Ayako , Kametani Fuyuki , Yazaki Masahide , Okino Soichi , Yamada Masahito 
Published: July 2009

AbstractWe describe a consanguineous family that had progressive myopathy with rimmed vacuole (RV) formation and amyloid deposition. Patient 1 is a 71‐year‐old woman with muscle atrophy in the lumbar girdle and lower extremities. Patient 2 is a 40‐year‐old man (the son of Patient 1) with fatty changes in the biceps femoris muscles. Muscle biopsies revealed myopathic and neurogenic degeneration with RV, necrotic fibers, and interstitial amyloid deposition. Amyloid deposition was detected only in the muscle tissue. Muscle Nerve, 2009
Convergence analysis of the Navier–Stokes alpha model
Authors: Çaǧlar Atife 
Published: July 2009

AbstractWe consider the Navier–Stokes‐alpha (NS‐α) model as an approximation of turbulent flows under nonperiodic boundary conditions. We prove global existence and uniqueness of weak solutions of the particular model. Further, we give full discretization of the model using the finite element approximations. Finally, we prove convergence of the method to the continuous NS‐α solution as h → 0 for a constant α. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 2010
A seminumeric approach for solution of the Eikonal partial differential equation and its applications
Authors: Dehghan Mehdi , Salehi Rezvan 
Published: July 2009

AbstractIn this work, a partial differential equation, which has several important applications, is investigated, and some techniques based on semianalytic (or quasi‐numerical) approaches are developed to find its solution. In this article, the homotopy perturbation method (HPM), Adomian decomposition method, and the modified homotopy perturbation method are proposed to solve the Eikonal equation. HPM yields solution in convergent series form with easily computable terms, and in some case, yields exact solutions in one iteration. In other hand, in Adomian decomposition method, the approximate solution is considered as an infinite series usually converges to the accurate solution. Moreover, these methods do not require any discretization, linearization, or small perturbation, and therefore reduce the numerical computation a lot. Several test problems are given and results are compared with the variational iteration method. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq, 2010
Preparation and characterization of polybenzimidazole membranes prepared by gelation in phosphoric acid
Authors: Yang Jingshuai , He Ronghuan 
Published: July 2009

AbstractPhosphoric acid doped poly (2, 2′‐(m‐phenylene)‐5, 5′‐bibenzimidazole) (PBI) membranes were prepared by dissolving PBI powders in 85% phosphoric acid at 190–200°C and then promoting gelation of the PBI by cooling the solutions to −18°C. The extent of acid doping of the PBI membranes was controlled by immersing the membrane in aqueous phosphoric acid solutions of different concentrations (acid de‐doping). The process of the acid de‐doping was faster than acid doping of membrane cast from N,N‐dimethylacetamide (DMAc). The de‐doping process caused shrinkage of the PBI membrane and thus an increase in the membrane strength due to the packing of PBI chains according to the X‐ray diffraction analysis. The tensile stress and proton conductivity of the obtained PBI membranes with different acid doping levels were measured. For a PBI (ηIV: 0.58 dL · g−1) membrane with an acid doping level of 7.0 (molar number of doped acid per mole repeat unit of PBI), the stress at break and proton conductivity at 120°C without humidification were 2.6 MPa and 5.1 × 10−2 S · cm−1, respectively. These results were comparable to those of the membranes cast from PBI solutions in DMAc. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.