bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Formation of Hydroperoxy‐, Keto‐ and Hydroxy‐Dienes in FAME from Oils: Influence of Temperature and Addition of α‐Tocopherol
Authors: Morales Arturo , Marmesat Susana , Dobarganes M. Carmen , Márquez‐Ruiz Gloria , Velasco Joaquín 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe influence of temperature (40, 60 and 80 °C) and addition of α‐tocopherol (0, 500 mg/kg) on the formation and distribution of the main oxidation products of linoleic acid, i.e. hydroperoxy‐, keto‐ and hydroxy‐dienes, were studied in samples of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) derived from high‐linoleic (HL) and high‐oleic (HO) sunflower oils. In the range of temperatures studied, the formation of hydroperoxydienes showed monomolecular and bimolecular rate constants that ranged from 0.01 to 1 mmol1/2kg−1/2h−1 and from 0.02 to 0.9 h−1, respectively. The overall activation energies involved were similar for both samples and for the monomolecular and bimolecular periods (63–68 kJ/mol). The relative oxidation of methyl linoleate, which depended on the fatty acid composition of the FAME sample, was unaffected by temperature. At the three temperatures assayed, hydroperoxydienes constituted approximately 90 and 50% of total hydroperoxides in the HL and HO samples, respectively. Formation of keto‐ and hydroxy‐dienes was influenced by temperature in a similar way to hydroperoxydienes and, consequently, changes in the distribution of compounds were not observed. The addition of α‐tocopherol not only decreased the overall oxidation rate, but also affected the distribution of compounds. The content of hydroperoxydienes relative to that of total hydroperoxides was not affected by the presence of the antioxidant in the HL sample, whereas a significant increase (75%) was found in the HO sample compared with the control (50%). The addition of α‐tocopherol in both samples also resulted in a slight increase of keto‐ and hydroxy‐dienes in relation to hydroperoxydienes.
Stress, coping and suicide ideation in Chinese college students
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyun , Wang Haiping , Xia Yan , Liu Xiaohong , Jung Eunju 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACTThe study was to examine 1) whether stress and coping styles could significantly predict the probability of suicide ideation; 2) and whether coping styles were mediators or moderators on the association between life stress and suicide ideation. The survey was conducted in a sample of 671 Chinese college students. Approximately twenty percent students reported having suicide ideation. Life stress, active coping styles, and passive coping styles all had independent effect on the probability of suicide ideation. Passive coping styles, especially fantasizing, mediated the relation between life stress and suicide ideation. Moderation hypotheses were not supported. Implications of the findings and future directions were discussed.
Outcome and efficacy of a transobturator polypropylene mesh kit in the treatment of anterior pelvic organ prolapse
Authors: Grgic Ozren , Oreskovic Slavko , Grsic Helena L. , Kalafatic Drzislav , Zupic Tomislav , Maurac Ivana 
Published: October 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo report the efficacy and complications of anterior pelvic organ prolapse (POP) repair with mesh placed through the transobturator route (Perigee system; AMS, Minnetonka, MN, USA).MethodsIn total, 198 women with anterior POP grade II or higher according to the POP Quantification (POP‐Q) system were treated with the Perigee procedure. The primary outcome was defined as anterior POP grade I or lower at 12 months’ follow‐up. The secondary outcomes included the incidences of perioperative, mesh‐related, short‐term, and long‐term postoperative complications.ResultsThe cure rate was 92.9% overall and 90.6% among women who had previously undergone a hysterectomy or a traditional anterior colporrhaphy. The mean POP‐Q Aa and Ba values were significantly improved after the procedure (Aa 2.2 cm [0.0 to 3.0 cm] versus − 2.1 cm [− 3.0 to − 1.2 cm]; Ba − 2.5 cm [− 1.0 to 4.2 cm] versus − 2.2 cm [− 5.5 to − 1.0 cm]; P < 0.001). Vaginal or bladder erosions were observed in 3 patients. Other short‐ and long‐term complications were infrequent and not statistically significant.ConclusionThe Perigee procedure is effective in the treatment of anterior POP and does not have serious complications even among women with previous hysterectomy or traditional anterior colporrhaphy.
Die Bedeutung von Organisationsmerkmalen für den Rehabilitationserfolg
Authors: Kockert Svenja , Schott Thomas 
Published: October 2011

Einleitung
Der Erfolg einer medizinischen Rehamaßnahme variiert in Abhängigkeit von der besuchten Rehaeinrichtung. Dabei sind die zu beobachtenden Unterschiede nur zum Teil mit personenbezogenen Merkmalen oder standardisierten Maßnahmen der Qualitätssicherung zu erklären. Ein fundiertes Meinungsbild ausgewiesener Reha-Experten stützt die Annahme, dass neben den allgemein anerkannten Qualitätskriterien eher Organisationsmerkmale wie Rehabilitandenorientierung und die Unternehmenskultur den Erfolg von Einrichtungen auszeichnen.
Epidemiology of Concussion and Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Laker Scott R. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractMild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a common public health concern that affects millions of people each year. The available epidemiology of mTBI may contain insights that can guide future identification, prevention, and treatment efforts. This article discusses epidemiology of both non–sports‐related mTBI and sports‐related concussion. Specific occupational factors, emergency department data, and meta‐analysis regarding mTBI are reviewed and discussed. With regard to sports concussion, the article will discuss data related to the sport played, the individual's position, level of play, and gender differences. Although males make up a larger percentage of cases than do females throughout the majority of reviewed non–sports‐related mTBI data, the sports literature indicates that rates are higher in women when similar sports are compared. Identifiable risk factors within sports include female gender, sport, and position played. Emerging trends across mTBI include increased incidence and decreased rate of hospitalization for mTBI.
The Pathophysiology of Concussion
Authors: Signoretti Stefano , Lazzarino Giuseppe , Tavazzi Barbara , Vagnozzi Roberto 
Published: October 2011

AbstractConcussion is defined as a biomechanically induced brain injury characterized by the absence of gross anatomic lesions. Early and late clinical symptoms, including impairments of memory and attention, headache, and alteration of mental status, are the result of neuronal dysfunction mostly caused by functional rather than structural abnormalities. The mechanical insult initiates a complex cascade of metabolic events leading to perturbation of delicate neuronal homeostatic balances. Starting from neurotoxicity, energetic metabolism disturbance caused by the initial mitochondrial dysfunction seems to be the main biochemical explanation for most postconcussive signs and symptoms. Furthermore, concussed cells enter a peculiar state of vulnerability, and if a second concussion is sustained while they are in this state, they may be irreversibly damaged by the occurrence of swelling. This condition of concussion‐induced brain vulnerability is the basic pathophysiology of the second impact syndrome. N‐acetylaspartate, a brain‐specific compound representative of neuronal metabolic wellness, is proving a valid surrogate marker of the post‐traumatic biochemical damage, and its utility in monitoring the recovery of the aforementioned “functional” disturbance as a concussion marker is emerging, because it is easily detectable through proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
Hypocholesterolaemic effects of lupin protein and pea protein/fibre combinations in moderately hypercholesterolaemic individuals
Authors: Sirtori Cesare R. , Triolo Michela , Bosisio Raffaella , Bondioli Alighiero , Calabresi Laura , De Vergori Viviana , Gomaraschi Monica , Mombelli Giuliana , Pazzucconi Franco , Zacherl Christian , Arnoldi Anna 
Published: October 2011

The present study was aimed to evaluate the effect of plant proteins (lupin protein or pea protein) and their combinations with soluble fibres (oat fibre or apple pectin) on plasma total and LDL-cholesterol levels. A randomised, double-blind, parallel group design was followed: after a 4-week run-in period, participants were randomised into seven treatment groups, each consisting of twenty-five participants. Each group consumed two bars containing specific protein/fibre combinations: the reference group consumed casein+cellulose; the second and third groups consumed bars containing lupin or pea proteins+cellulose; the fourth and fifth groups consumed bars containing casein and oat fibre or apple pectin; the sixth group and seventh group received bars containing combinations of pea protein and oat fibre or apple pectin, respectively. Bars containing lupin protein+cellulose ( − 116 mg/l, − 4·2 %), casein+apple pectin ( − 152 mg/l, − 5·3 %), pea protein+oat fibre ( − 135 mg/l, − 4·7 %) or pea protein+apple pectin ( − 168 mg/l, − 6·4 %) resulted in significant reductions of total cholesterol levels (P < 0·05), whereas no cholesterol changes were observed in the subjects consuming the bars containing casein+cellulose, casein+oat fibre or pea protein+cellulose. The present study shows the hypocholesterolaemic activity and potential clinical benefits of consuming lupin protein or combinations of pea protein and a soluble fibre, such as oat fibre or apple pectin.
Visual servoing for path reaching with nonholonomic robots
Authors: Cherubini Andrea , Chaumette François , Oriolo Giuseppe 
Published: October 2011

SUMMARYWe present two visual servoing controllers (pose-based and image-based) enabling mobile robots with a fixed pinhole camera to reach and follow a continuous path drawn on the ground. The first contribution is the theoretical and experimental comparison between pose-based and image-based techniques for a nonholonomic robot task. Moreover, our controllers are appropriate not only for path following, but also for path reaching, a problem that has been rarely tackled in the past. Finally, in contrast with most works, which require the path geometric model, only two path features are necessary in our image-based scheme and three in the pose-based scheme. For both controllers, a convergence analysis is carried out, and the performance is validated by simulations, and outdoor experiments on a car-like robot.
Memory for Intentions is Uniquely Associated with Instrumental Activities of Daily Living in Healthy Older Adults
Authors: Woods Steven Paul , Weinborn Michael , Velnoweth Aimee , Rooney Alexandra , Bucks Romola S. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractModerate declines in prospective memory (PM) are common among older adults, but whether such decrements are associated with everyday functioning problems is not well established. To examine this issue, we administered the Memory for Intentions Screening Test (MIST), Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire (PRMQ), and Activities of Daily Living Questionnaire (ADLQ) to 50 healthy older Australian adults as part of a broader neuropsychological battery. In a series of hierarchical regressions controlling for demographics, medical/psychiatric factors, and other neurocognitive functions, the MIST event-based PM score and PRMQ PM scale were significantly associated with the total number of instrumental ADL (IADL) domains in which participants reported needing assistance. Extending prior findings in clinical populations, results indicate that lower PM functioning is uniquely associated with mild, concurrent IADL problems in healthy older adults. Future investigation of the potentially moderating effects of cognitive and behavioral compensatory strategies may be beneficial. (JINS, 2012, 18, 134–138)
Rhodium dihydride (RhH2) with high volumetric hydrogen density
Authors: Li Bing , Ding Yang , Kim Duck Young , Ahuja Rajeev , Zou Guangtian , Mao Ho-Kwang 
Published: October 2011

Materials with very high hydrogen density have attracted considerable interest due to a range of motivations, including the search for chemically precompressed metallic hydrogen and hydrogen storage applications. Using high-pressure synchrotron X-ray diffraction technique and theoretical calculations, we have discovered a new rhodium dihydride (RhH2) with high volumetric hydrogen density (163.7 g/L). Compressing rhodium in fluid hydrogen at ambient temperature, the fcc rhodium metal absorbs hydrogen and expands unit-cell volume by two discrete steps to form NaCl-typed fcc rhodium monohydride at 4 GPa and fluorite-typed fcc RhH2at 8 GPa. RhH2is the first dihydride discovered in the platinum group metals under high pressure. Our low-temperature experiments show that RhH2is recoverable after releasing pressure cryogenically to 1 bar and is capable of retaining hydrogen up to 150 K for minutes and 77 K for an indefinite length of time.
Sport injuries as the main cause of sport career termination among Finnish top‐level athletes
Authors: Ristolainen Leena , Kettunen Jyrki A. , Kujala Urho M. , Heinonen Ari 
Published: October 2011

AbstractInjuries are common among athletes, and are sometimes so severe that they affect an athlete's career in sport. As studies on sport career termination are few, we conducted a study to investigate the role of injuries as a reason for ending a sport career. The study group consisted of 574 male and female top‐level cross‐country skiers, swimmers, long‐distance runners and soccer players who responded to a retrospective postal questionnaire in 2006. Twenty‐seven athletes (4.9%, 27/548) reported ending their sport career because of injury. A follow‐up interview was conducted by telephone in 2007 (n=20 volunteered to be interviewed) to confirm sport career termination and the reasons for this. Fifteen of the interviewed athletes terminated and five continued their sport on the same level as earlier. Female athletes (12/15) terminated their sport career more frequently than male athletes (3/15). Athletes who reported terminating their sport career because of injury were on average two and a half years older (24.1 years vs. 21.6 years, P=0.006) than athletes who continued the sport. All the swimmers (n=5) who were interviewed terminated their career because of a shoulder injury. All the soccer players who ended their career (n=4) were female and had a severe knee injury, such as anterior cruciate ligament injury. Most of the athletes who terminated their sport career (70.4%, 19/27) reported that the injury caused them mild or moderate permanent disability. We found that sports injuries play a significant role in terminating a career in sport, and in some sports events injuries may commonly be the main reason for sport career termination. Injury prevention and adequate treatment and rehabilitation of injuries are thus essential to avoid the long‐term consequences of severe sport injuries.
RAPSearch2: a fast and memory-efficient protein similarity search tool for next-generation sequencing data
Authors: Zhao Yongan , Tang Haixu , Ye Yuzhen 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
Summary: With the wide application of next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques, fast tools for protein similarity search that scale well to large query datasets and large databases are highly desirable. In a previous work, we developed RAPSearch, an algorithm that achieved a ~20–90-fold speedup relative to BLAST while still achieving similar levels of sensitivity for short protein fragments derived from NGS data. RAPSearch, however, requires a substantial memory footprint to identify alignment seeds, due to its use of a suffix array data structure. Here we present RAPSearch2, a new memory-efficient implementation of the RAPSearch algorithm that uses a collision-free hash table to index a similarity search database. The utilization of an optimized data structure further speeds up the similarity search—another 2–3 times. We also implemented multi-threading in RAPSearch2, and the multi-thread modes achieve significant acceleration (e.g. 3.5X for 4-thread mode). RAPSearch2 requires up to 2G memory when running in single thread mode, or up to 3.5G memory when running in 4-thread mode.
Availability and implementation: Implemented in C++, the source code is freely available for download at the RAPSearch2 website: http://omics.informatics.indiana.edu/mg/RAPSearch2/.
Contact: yye@indiana.edu
Supplementary information: Available at the RAPSearch2 website.
Buprenorphine Metabolites, Buprenorphine-3-glucuronide and Norbuprenorphine-3-glucuronide, Are Biologically Active
Authors: Brown Sarah M. , Holtzman Michael , Kim Thomas , Kharasch Evan D. 
Published: October 2011

Background
The long-lasting high-affinity opioid buprenorphine has complex pharmacology, including ceiling effects with respect to analgesia and respiratory depression. Plasma concentrations of the major buprenorphine metabolites norbuprenorphine, buprenorphine-3-glucuronide, and norbuprenorphine-3-glucuronide approximate or exceed those of the parent drug. Buprenorphine glucuronide metabolites pharmacology is undefined. This investigation determined binding and pharmacologic activity of the two glucuronide metabolites, and in comparison with buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine.

Methods
Competitive inhibition of radioligand binding to human μ, κ, and δ opioid and nociceptin receptors was used to determine glucuronide binding affinities for these receptors. Common opiate effects were assessed in vivo in SwissWebster mice. Antinociception was assessed using a tail-flick assay, respiratory effects were measured using unrestrained whole-body plethysmography, and sedation was assessed by inhibition of locomotion measured by open-field testing.

Results
Buprenorphine-3-glucuronide had high affinity for human μ (Ki [inhibition constant] = 4.9 ± 2.7 pM), δ (Ki = 270 ± 0.4 nM), and nociceptin (Ki = 36 ± 0.3 μM) but not κ receptors. Norbuprenorphine-3-glucuronide had affinity for human κ (Ki = 300 ± 0.5 nM) and nociceptin (Ki = 18 ± 0.2 μM) but not μ or δ receptors. At the dose tested, buprenorphine-3-glucuronide had a small antinociceptive effect. Neither glucuronide had significant effects on respiratory rate, but norbuprenorphine-3-glucuronide decreased tidal volume. Norbuprenorphine-3-glucuronide also caused sedation.

Conclusions
Both glucuronide metabolites of buprenorphine are biologically active at doses relevant to metabolite exposures, which occur after buprenorphine. Activity of the glucuronides may contribute to the overall pharmacology of buprenorphine.
Perioperative Pharmacokinetics of Methadone in Adolescents
Authors: Sharma Anshuman , Tallchief Danielle , Blood Jane , Kim Thomas , London Amy , Kharasch Evan D. 
Published: October 2011

Background
Methadone is frequently administered to adults experiencing anesthesia and receiving pain treatment. Methadone pharmacokinetics in adults are well characterized, including the perioperative period. Methadone is also used in children. There is, however, no information on methadone pharmacokinetics in children of any age. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the pharmacokinetics of intravenous methadone in children undergoing surgery. Perioperative opioid-sparing effects were also assessed.

Methods
Eligible subjects were children 5-18 yr undergoing general anesthesia and surgery, with an anticipated postoperative inpatient stay exceeding 3 days. Three groups of 10 to 11 patients each received intravenous methadone hydrochloride after anesthetic induction in ascending dose groups of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 mg/kg (up to 20 mg). Anesthetic care was not otherwise changed. Venous blood was obtained for 4 days, for stereoselective determination of methadone and metabolites. Pain assessments were made each morning. Daily and total opioid consumption was determined. Perioperative opioid consumption and pain was determined in a second cohort, which was matched to age, sex, race, ethnicity, surgical procedure, and length of stay, but not receiving methadone.

Results
The final methadone study cohort was 31 adolescents (14 ± 2 yr, range 10-18) undergoing major spine surgery for a diagnosis of scoliosis. Methadone pharmacokinetics were linear over the dose range 0.1-0.3 mg/kg. Disposition was stereoselective. Methadone administration did not dose-dependently affect postoperative pain scores, and did not dose-dependently decrease daily or total postoperative opioid consumption in spinal fusion patients.

Conclusions
Methadone enantiomer disposition in adolescents undergoing surgery was similar to that in healthy adults.
Ultrasound-Guided, Video-Assisted Transdiaphragmatic Radiofrequency Ablation for Primary Liver Malignancy or Metastatic Nodules
Authors: Nesher Nahum , Haim Mendi Ben , Pevni Demitry , Kessler Ada , Paz Yosef 
Published: October 2011

Objective Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is among the best options in the treatment of primary liver malignancy and metastases because it is a highly effective and minimally invasive alternative to resection in small, nonresectable tumors or in poor surgical candidates and is associated with low morbidity and mortality. We evaluated the clinical feasibility and safety of thoracoscopic, ultrasound (US)-guided RFA of subdiaphragmatic liver malignancies in advanced cirrhotic patients awaiting transplantation. Methods Two patients (one female and one male) with end-stage cirrhosis who developed hepatocellular carcinoma were treated thoracoscopically by US-guided RFA. An endoscopic US probe was inserted into the right pleural space through a 10-mm working channel. An RF-operating needle applicator was inserted through a second 10-mm working port after identification of the lesion, penetrating the diaphragm toward the lesion. The procedure duration, applied energy, and generator output were recorded during the intervention. The treatment result and procedure-related complications were analyzed. Results The procedure duration was 74 and 92 minutes, respectively. A mean energy deposition of 353 joules resulted in a mean coagulation volume of 115 cm. Tumor ablation was achieved as determined by the postinterventional lack of contrast enhancement in the target region at the follow-up computed tomographic scans performed after 4 months. Conclusions RFA offers definite possibilities in the management of small-sized tumors. Thoracoscopic, US-guided transdiaphragmatic RFA has proven to be clinically feasible and safe and can be an effective modality for treating subdiaphragmatic liver lesions. Its minimally invasive nature is the most important advantage compared with surgical resection, especially for patients with high operative risk.