bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Amplification of the response to Toll‐like receptor ligands by prolonged exposure to interleukin‐6 in mice: Implication for the pathogenesis of macrophage activation syndrome
Authors: Strippoli Raffaele , Carvello Francesco , Scianaro Roberta , De Pasquale Loredana , Vivarelli Marina , Petrini Stefania , Bracci‐Laudiero Luisa , De Benedetti Fabrizio 
Published: November 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate whether prolonged exposure to interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) affects the inflammatory response induced by Toll‐like receptor (TLR) ligands.MethodsIL‐6–transgenic mice and wild‐type mice were stimulated with different TLR ligands; survival rates, blood cell counts, and biochemical parameters were analyzed. Murine splenic mononuclear cells and peritoneal macrophages were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), lipoteichoic acid, poly(I‐C), or CpG. Human macrophages were cultured for 4 days in the presence of IL‐6 and then stimulated with LPS. Inflammatory cytokine expression was measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay or reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction. Activation of STAT‐3, ERK‐1/2 (MAPK), and p65 NF‐κB was evaluated by Western blotting or confocal analysis.ResultsTreatment of IL‐6–transgenic mice with TLR ligands led to an increased fatality rate and elevated levels of IL‐1β, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), IL‐6, and IL‐18. Macrophages from IL‐6–transgenic mice produced increased levels of inflammatory cytokines, which were associated with increased phosphorylation of STAT‐3 and ERK‐1/2 and with increased NF‐κB nuclear translocation. Human macrophages treated with IL‐6 and then stimulated with LPS showed elevated levels of cytokines and similarly elevated signaling pathway activation. After LPS administration, IL‐6–transgenic mice showed an increase in ferritin and soluble CD25 levels, as well as a decrease in platelet and neutrophil counts and in hemoglobin levels compared to wild‐type mice.ConclusionOur findings indicate that prolonged exposure to IL‐6 in vivo and in vitro leads to an exaggerated inflammatory response to TLR ligands. Hematologic and biochemical abnormalities in IL‐6–transgenic mice treated with LPS show striking similarities to macrophage activation syndrome.
Cancer: A de‐repression of a default survival program common to all cells?
Authors: Vincent Mark 
Published: November 2011

AbstractCancer viewed as a programmed, evolutionarily conserved life‐form, rather than just a random series of disease‐causing mutations, answers the rarely asked question of what the cancer cell is for, provides meaning for its otherwise mysterious suite of attributes, and encourages a different type of thinking about treatment. The broad but consistent spectrum of traits, well‐recognized in all aggressive cancers, group naturally into three categories: taxonomy (“phylogenation”), atavism (“re‐primitivization”) and robustness (“adaptive resilience”). The parsimonious explanation is not convergent evolution, but the release of an highly conserved survival program, honed by the exigencies of the Pre‐Cambrian, to which the cancer cell seems better adapted; and which is recreated within, and at great cost to, its host. Central to this program is the Warburg Effect, whose malign influence permeates well beyond aerobic glycolysis to include biomass interconversion and genomic heuristics. Warburg‐type metabolism and genomic instability are targets whose therapeutic disablement is a major priority.
Intervenous tubercle of lower: True tubercle or normal interatrial fold?
Authors: Loukas Marios , El‐Zammar Diala , Tubbs R. Shane , Birungi Judith , Jacob Jasmine , Shoja Mohammadali M. , Anderson Robert H. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractRichard Lower, in 1669, first described the tubercle that now bears his name, calling it the intervenous tubercle located between the fossa ovalis and the superior vena cava. The aim of the study was to confirm the existence of the tubercle as described initially by Lower, adding details of its location, dimensions, and prevalence. We examined 100 formalin‐fixed human hearts. In no heart did we find any discrete tubercle or elevation of the right atrial wall superior to the superior limbus (rim) of the fossa ovalis. In addition, we could find no morphometric differences in the thickness of the area superior to the superior limbus of the fossa. Dissections revealed that very little of the extensive musculature can be removed without opening the right atrial wall and arriving outside the heart. This is the essential criterion in distinguishing folds from “true” septal structures. When viewed in this light, it is only the flap valve of the fossa ovalis, and its immediate muscular infero‐anterior rim, the so‐called lower limbus, that can be removed so as to create communications between the cavities of the atrial chambers, and not exiting at the same time from the cavities of the heart. This is because the larger part of the muscular borders of the fossa ovalis is no more than an infolding of the atrial walls, which incorporates extracardiac adipose tissue within the fold. Although this process of folding unequivocally produces an intracardiac buttress, namely, the limbuses (rims) of the fossa, the buttress, being an infolding, does not constitute, according to our definition, a true septum. On this basis, we suggest that it is the superior limbus of the fossa ovalis, or the superior interatrial fold, that previously has been considered to represent the intervenous tubercle of Lower. Clin. Anat. 25:729–736, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Can clinical examination cause a Stener lesion in patients with skier's thumb?: A cadaveric study
Authors: Adler Tom , Eisenbarth Ingo , Hirschmann Michael Tobias , Müller‐Gerbl Magdalena , Fricker Renato 
Published: November 2011

AbstractApproximately one‐third of all injuries of the upper limb and 7% of all injuries in skiing affect the ulnar collateral ligaments of the thumb metacarpophalangeal joint (skier's thumb). In some patients the collateral ligaments are displaced proximally over the adductor aponeurosis, resulting in a so‐called Stener lesion. In these cases surgical treatment is indicated. We hypothesized that a Stener lesion could be provoked by clinical stability testing in patients with a skiers thumb and performed a cadaveric study on 10 Thiel fixated cadaver hands. For clinical stability testing, the thumb was manually deviated in radial direction in both 30° flexion and extension of the MP‐joint. It was performed with maximum strength by two hand surgeons after sequential detachment of the ulnar collateral ligaments. After every sequence, it was assessed if the clinical stability testing had caused a Stener lesion. All of the 10 cadavers showed identical results while testing the clinical stability. A decreased stability was only found after cutting both parts of the ulnar collateral ligaments. A Stener lesion could not be provoked in any of the cadavers at any time by clinical stability testing. Summarizing our findings we conclude that a proper performed clinical stability testing of the thumb MP joint is a safe maneuver, which does not lead to a Stener lesion in patients with skier's thumb. Clin. Anat. 25:762–766, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Novel use of the guideLiner catheter to minimize contrast use during PCI in a patient with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Tunuguntla Anuradha , Daneault Benoit , Kirtane Ajay J. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe GuideLiner catheter (Vascular Solutions, Minneapolis, MN) is a rapid‐exchange “mother and child” guide extension that increases support in complex percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). While this device was primarily designed to facilitate balloon and stent delivery, we describe the use of this device to reduce contrast volume through sub‐selective visualization in a patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing PCI of the left coronary system. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Prognostic implications of early and long‐term bleeding events in patients on one‐year dual antiplatelet therapy following drug‐eluting stent implantation
Authors: Musumeci Giuseppe , Rossini Roberta , Lettieri Corrado , Capodanno Davide , Romano Michele , Rosiello Renato , Guagliumi Giulio , Valsecchi Orazio , Gavazzi Antonello , Angiolillo Dominick J. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBackground: Bleeding has emerged as a predictor of early and late mortality after percutaneous coronary interventions. However, the prevalence and predictors of long‐term bleeding events in patients on prolonged dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) after drug‐eluting stent (DES) implantation has been poorly explored. Methods: A total of 1,437 patients undergoing DES implantation discharged on DAPT with aspirin and clopidogrel for 1 year were studied. Patients were followed for up to 4 years (34.3 ± 14.4 months) and the prevalence and predictors of in‐hospital and long‐term thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) major and minor bleeding events evaluated. The impact of bleeding events on major adverse cardiac events (MACE), overall death, and stent thrombosis (ST) was also assessed. Results: The incidences of 30 days major and minor bleeding were 1.3 and 3.3%, respectively. The incidences of 1‐year major and minor bleeding were 3.0 and 5.6%, respectively. The incidences of major and minor bleeding up to 4‐year follow‐up were 3.6 and 6.9%, respectively. At multivariable analysis, 1‐year major bleeding was positively predicted by use of oral anticoagulants at hospital discharge [odds ratio (OR) = 13.4, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.0–59.2, P = 0.001], anemia at admission (OR = 6.7, 95% CI = 2.7–16.5, P < 0.001) and use of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (OR = 2.7, 95% CI = 1.1–6.5, P = 0.03) and negatively predicted by male gender (OR = 0.39, 95% CI = 0.16–0.97, P = 0.042). Overall, major bleeding at 1 year and at long‐term follow‐up was associated with an increased risk of MACE, cardiac death and ST. Patients who had any bleeding event were more likely to prematurely discontinue antiplatelet therapy (50% vs. 9.6%, P < 0.001). Conclusions: In DES‐treated patients on prolonged DAPT, major bleeding occurring at 1 year and up to 4 years following DES implantation in patients on prolonged DAPT is associated with poor long‐term prognosis. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mitral valvuloplasty with the inoue balloon tracked over an arteriovenous wire
Authors: Tandar Anwar , Badger Rodney , Whisenant Brian K. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractMitral stenosis is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty is a standard treatment option for severe mitral stenosis, and in some patients may be the only feasible option. In patients with suitable valve anatomy and morphology, and with requisite physician expertise the procedure has a high success rate and good long‐term outcomes. Nonetheless, even in appropriately selected patients the procedure can pose significant technical challenges. The transeptal antegrade approach using the Inoue Balloon system may be associated with difficulty and rarely with failure to cross the stenotic mitral valve. We report a case of initial Inoue balloon failure to cross followed by successful Inoue mitral valvuloplasty tracked over an arteriovenous wire loop. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Transcatheter closure of perimembranous and intracristal ventricular septal defects with the shsma occluder
Authors: Zhou Daxin , Pan Wenzhi , Guan Lihua , Ge Junbo 
Published: November 2011

AbstractObjectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of transcatheter closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defect (pmVSD) and intracristal VSD (icVSD) using the Shanghai Shape Memory Alloy (SHSMA) pmVSD occluder. Background: There is still limited experience with transcatheter closure of pmVSD and icVSD. Methods: Between January 2003 and September 2010, 348 patients with pmVSD and 47 patients with icVSD underwent transcatheter closure using a SHSMA pmVSD occluder. Results: The total successful closure rate in pmVSD and icVSD subjects was 97.4 and 78.7%, respectively. During the perioperative period, no death, major bleeding or hemolysis occurred in both groups. In pmVSD group, one case of occluder dislodgement, one case of pericardial tamponade, and two cases of thromboembolism occurred. None in icVSD group had these complications. During a median of 3.2 years of follow‐up, there was no evidence of significant residual shunt and device‐related valve regurgitation. None in icVSD group and 10 patients (2.9%) in pmVSD group had a persistent arrhythmia. Overall, only one patient (0.3%) with pmVSD acquired complete atrioventricular block requiring implantation of a permanent pacemaker. The rim from the tricuspid valve to the defect < 4 mm was the only predictor of arrhythmic complications after procedure (OR = 4.24; P = 0.021). Conclusions: Transcatheter closure of pmVSD in selected patients using the SHSMA occluder is effective and safe. Transcatheter closure of icVSD in experienced hands using this device is also feasible and safe. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Minimally invasive insertion of an equine stented pulmonary valve with a built‐in sinus portion in a sheep model
Authors: Dodge‐Khatami Ali , Hallhagen Stefan , Limacher Kuno , Söderberg Björn , Jenni Rolf 
Published: November 2011

AbstractObjectives: This study evaluated the feasibility of inserting a new equine stented‐valve with a sinus portion in a lamb survival model, through a minimally invasive thoracotomy with right ventricular access without cardiopulmonary bypass. Background: Extant surgical or percutaneous methods for inserting biological valves in the right outflow tract have drawbacks and limitations. Methods: A decellularized equine valved jugular vein, sutured to a self‐expanding stent with a sinus portion, was placed through a minimal right thoracotomy using a newly developed flexible hydraulic release device in seven lambs. The approach through the right ventricle into the pulmonary valve position is achieved on a beating heart. Results: The stented valves were correctly positioned in the right outflow tract, were competent up to 6 months as confirmed by angiography and echocardiography, and were well‐tolerated by the animals, with endothelialization of the valve demonstrated at 6 months. Conclusions: The newly developed hydraulic release system allowed for safe and reliable insertion of an equine stented‐valve with a sinus portion, through a right transventricular approach on a beating heart, in a sheep survival model. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Real‐world use of the Impella 2.5 circulatory support system in complex high‐risk percutaneous coronary intervention: The USpella Registry
Authors: Maini Brijeshwar , Naidu Srihari S. , Mulukutla Suresh , Kleiman Neal , Schreiber Theodore , Wohns David , Dixon Simon , Rihal Charanjit , Dave Rajesh , O'Neill William 
Published: November 2011

AbstractObjectives: We report on the real‐world, multicenter experience of the Impella 2.5 circulatory support system during high‐risk PCI, a subset of the larger USpella Registry. Background: Standard of care for most patients with compromised ventricular function with multivessel or high‐risk coronary lesions has been coronary artery bypass grafting. In poor operative candidates, high‐risk PCI is increasingly considered, despite an increased risk for periprocedural hemodynamic compromise. Methods: 175 consecutive patients who underwent high‐risk PCI with prophylactic support of the Impella 2.5 were evaluated. The primary safety endpoint was the incidence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) at 30 days. Secondary endpoints included safety and efficacy related to the device and patient outcomes, including survival at 12 months. Results: Overall angiographic revascularization was successful in 99% of patients and in 90% of those with multivessel revascularization, resulting in a reduction of the mean SYNTAX score post‐PCI from 36 ± 15 to 18 ± 15 (P < 0.0001) and an improvement of the ejection fraction (from 31 ± 15% to 36 ± 14%, P < 0.0001). In 51% of patients, the functional status improved by one or more NYHA class (P < 0.001). At 30‐day follow‐up, the rate of MACE was 8%, and survival was 96%, 91%, and 88% at 30 days, 6 months, and 12 months, respectively. Conclusions: The use of Impella 2.5 in high‐risk PCI appeared feasible and safe in the real‐world setting. The utilization of the Impella 2.5 was successful, resulting in favorable short‐ and midterm angiographic, procedural and clinical outcomes. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The fellows stitch: Large caliber venous hemostasis in pediatric practice
Authors: Morgan Gareth J. , Waragai Tadashi , Eastaugh Lucas , Chaturvedi Rajiv C. , Lee Kyong‐Jin , Benson Lee 
Published: November 2011

AbstractObjective: To analyze safety and efficiency of a subcutaneous figure of eight suture for hemostasis after large caliber venous sheath access in children. Background: Vascular complications remain a significant cause of morbidity after pediatric cardiac catheterization. In an attempt to reduce such complications and yet improve lab efficiency and decrease length of stay, various techniques have been applied to improve time to hemostasis. Methods: Prospectively recorded were vascular complications and hemostasis times in children where hemostasis was attempted using a figure of eight subcutaneous suture following large caliber venous cannulation. These were compared to a matched group achieving hemostasis using standard manual pressure techniques. Vascular ultrasound assessments were performed within 24 hr of hemostasis in both groups. Results: Thirty‐two subcutaneous sutures were placed in 26 children, mean weights 31.9 kg [median (range): 29.4 (8.4 to 96) kg], with a mean sheath French size of 9.2 [8; (6 to 22)], 11 >10 French, compared to 33 sheaths in 30 cases using manual compression, mean sheath French size 9.1 (9; (6 to 13), with 10 cases ≥10 French. The mean and median times to hemostasis were shorter in the suture group: 13.6 min (P < 0.05) and 10 min (P < 0.05), respectively. Vascular complication rate was also lower in the suture group (n = 0) compared with the control group (n = 2) but did not achieve statistical significance. Conclusions: A subcutaneous figure of eight suture hemostasis strategy can provide a safe and efficient method for large caliber venous hemostasis in a pediatric practice with improved hemostasis times and no additional morbidity. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sheet‐Like Assemblies of Charged Amphiphilic α/β‐Peptides at the Air–Water Interface
Authors: Segman‐Magidovich Shlomit , Lee Myung‐ryul , Vaiser Vladimir , Struth Bernd , Gellman Samuel H. , Rapaport Hanna 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThere is growing interest in the design of molecules that undergo predictable self‐assembly. Bioinspired oligomers with well‐defined conformational propensities are attractive from this perspective, since they can be constructed from diverse building blocks, and self‐assembly can be directed by the identities and sequence of the subunits. Here we describe the structure of monolayers formed at the air–water interface by amphiphilic α/β‐peptides with 1:1 alternation of α‐ and β‐amino acid residues along the backbone. Two of the α/β‐peptides, one a dianion and the other a dication, were used to determine differences between self‐assemblies of the net negatively and positively charged oligomers. Two additional α/β‐peptides, both zwitterionic, were designed to favor assembly in a 1:1 molar ratio mixture with parallel orientation of neighboring strands. Monolayers formed by these α/β‐peptides at the air–water interface were characterized by surface pressure–area isotherms, grazing incidence X‐ray diffraction (GIXD), atomic force microscopy and ATR‐FTIR. GIXD data indicate that the α/β‐peptide assemblies exhibited diffraction features similar to those of β‐sheet‐forming α‐peptides. The diffraction data allowed the construction of a detailed model of an antiparallel α/β‐peptide sheet with a unique pleated structure. One of the α/β‐peptide assemblies displayed high stability, unparalleled among previously studied assemblies of α‐peptides. ATR‐FTIR data suggest that the 1:1 mixture of zwitterionic α/β‐peptides assembled in a parallel arrangement resembling that of a typical parallel β‐sheet secondary structure formed by α‐peptides. This study establishes guidelines for design of amphiphilic α/β‐peptides that assemble in a predictable manner at an air–water interface, with control of interstrand orientation through manipulation of Coulombic interactions along the backbone.
Controllable Growth of Conical and Cylindrical TiO2–Carbon Core–Shell Nanofiber Arrays and Morphologically Dependent Electrochemical Properties
Authors: Chen Rongsheng , Hu Liangsheng , Huo Kaifu , Fu Jijiang , Ni Hongwei , Tang Yan , Chu Paul K. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractQuasi‐aligned cylindrical and conical core–shell nanofibers consisting of carbon shells and TiO2 nanowire cores are produced in situ on Ti foils without using a foreign metallic catalyst and template. A cylindrical nanofiber has a TiO2 nanowire core 30–50 nm in diameter and a 5–10 nm‐thick cylindrical carbon shell, while in the conical nanostructure the TiO2 nanowire core has a diameter of 20–40 nm and the thickness of the carbon shell varies from about 200 nm at the bottom to about 5 nm at the tip. Electrochemical analysis reveals well‐defined redox peaks of the [Fe(CN)6]3−/4− redox couple and heterogeneous charge‐transfer rate constants of 0.010 and 0.062 cm s−1 for the cylindrical and conical nanofibers, respectively. The coverage of exposed edge planes on the cylindrical and conical carbon shells is estimated to be 2.5 and 15.5 % respectively. The more abundant exposed edge planes on the conical nanofiber decrease the overpotential and increase the voltammetric resolution during electrochemical detection of uric acid and ascorbic acid. Our results suggest that the density of edge‐plane sites estimated from Raman scattering is not necessarily equal to the density of exposed edge‐plane sites, and only carbon electrodes with a large density of exposed edge planes or free graphene sheet ends exhibit better electrochemical performance.
Do Rhodium Bis(σ‐amine‐borane) Complexes Play a Role as Intermediates in Dehydrocoupling Reactions of Amine‐boranes?
Authors: Butera Valeria , Russo Nino , Sicilia Emilia 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe recently synthesized rhodium complex [Rh{P(C5H9)2(η2‐C5H7)}(Me2HNBH3)2]BArF4 (2), which incorporates two amine‐boranes coordinated to the rhodium center with two different binding modes, namely η1 and η2, has been used to probe whether bis(σ‐amine‐borane) motifs are important in determining the general course of amine‐boranes dehydrocoupling reactions. DFT calculations have been carried out to explore mechanistic alternatives that ultimately lead to the formation of the amine‐borane cyclic dimer [BH2NMe2]2 (A) by hydrogen elimination. Sequential concerted, on‐ or off‐metal, intramolecular dehydrogenations provide two coordinated amine‐borane molecules. Subsequent dimerization is likely to occur off the metal in solution. In spite of the computationally confirmed presence of a BH⋅⋅⋅NH hydrogen bond between amine‐borane ligands, neither a simple intermolecular route for dehydrocoupling of complex 2 is operating, nor seems [Rh{P(C5H9)2(η2‐C5H7)}B]+ to be important for the whole dehydrocoupling process.