bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mathematical model for assessing the influence of vibrations for multicopter elements
Authors: Gu Penghao , Ausiyevich A. M. , Lobaty A. A. 
Published: May 2024

The article discusses the problem of studying the probabilistic characteristics of vibrations of the propellermotor group of an unmanned aerial vehicle such as a multicopter. The results of the research are presented in the form of quantitative values of the vibration parameters of the propeller-motor group of the agrodrone at given values of the input parameters of the electric drive control system, taking into account the influence of external factors. It is shown that the values of the parameters characterizing the vibrations of the propeller-motor group of the agrodrone can be different depending on the operating modes of the engines and changes in external conditions.Based on the experimental studies carried out, sets of measured random vibration parameters were obtained, which made it possible, based on the application of mathematical statistics methods, to calculate the mathematical expectations and dispersions of the amplitudes and velocities of vibration processes. The obtained probabilistic characteristics make it possible to study emissions (crossing a given level) of processes, to evaluate the intensity and probabilistic characteristics of the process going beyond the given boundaries.A mathematical model of the vibration process is substantiated, which allows, on the basis of the obtained experimental data, to assess the influence of vibrations on the elements of equipment installed on a multicopter, to assess its performance and reliability, and to determine tolerances on equipment parameters. The computer modeling of the probabilistic characteristics of vibration processes clearly demonstrated the efficiency of the proposed research methodology.
Segmentation of dermatoscopic images of skin lesions. Comparison of methods
Authors: Smalyuk A. F. , Dzeshka M. S. , Kupchykava I. D. 
Published: May 2024

The work discusses a number of techniques for segmenting dermoscopic images of skin lesions to identify the areas occupied by these lesions. Segmentation is necessary as the first stage of most methods of computer diagnostics of malignancy of neoplasms. A number of techniques, such as ABCDE, use the shape of the tumor as one of the criteria for making a diagnosis; for others, such as the use of convolutional neural networks, identifying the tumor allows one to increase the accuracy of the results obtained. The work discusses three methods of segmentation: thresholding using Otsu's method to calculate the threshold value, a convolutional neural network built on the U-net architecture, and a similar convolutional neural network with an added attention mechanism. The advantages and disadvantages of each method are considered, as well as the possibility of using them together to obtain the best segmentation results.The paper considers the application of an algorithm based on a morphological projector for determining structural differences for comparing dermoscopic images. This will allow to identify changes that have occurred in skin lesions over time, for a more accurate diagnosis of their malignancy. The proposed algorithm makes it possible to detect differences in images even if there is a significant difference in the brightness and color levels of the compared images, and also ignores small insignificant details, such as noise, dermatoscope optics marks, hair, etc. A method for correcting the desynchronization of images using the structural similarity index as a similarity metric, and the sine-cosine algorithm as an optimization algorithm is proposed. The proposed algorithms were tested on dermatoscopic images and the possibility of their application was demonstrated.
Association of ethylene oxide with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease among US adults.
Authors: Yan Shiwe , Pei Haolong , Li Qian , Cao Wenzhe , Dou Yan , Zhen Shihan , Wu Qingyao , Liang Fengchao 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background Growing evidence suggest that ethylene oxide (EO) may have deleterious effects on health conditions, but the relationship between EO and adulthood nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains vague. Our objective is to evaluate whether EO exposure would influence the prevalence of NAFLD in a nationally cross-sectional study.
Materials and methods In this cross-sectional study, We analyzed 2,394 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-2018. Blood concentrations of EO were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. US fatty liver index (USFLI) and FLI were applied to define NAFLD. Logistic regression analysis was adopted to investigate the relationship of Hemoglobin adducts of EO (HbEO) exposure with the prevalence of NAFLD. Mediation analysis was performed to assess the effect of inflammatory biomarkers on the association between HbEO levels and USFLI, FLI, and NAFLD.
Results After adjustment for age, gender, race/ethnicity, education, income, smoking, drinking, hypertension, diabetes, and TC, logistic regression analysis showed that HbEO in the highest quartile was negatively associated with the prevalence of NAFLD than those in the lowest quartile (OR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.33-0.92, P for trend = 0.008 for USFLI and OR: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.29-0.61, P for trend <0.001 for FLI). In addition, inflammation significantly mediated the relationships between HbEO and NAFLD.
Conclusions Our study demonstrated that higher EO levels were negatively associated with the prevalence of NAFLD. The underlying mechanisms were required to be identify in the future study.
Evaluatıon of toll traffıc revenue based on VOC and VOT method on Bengaluru – Mysuru Natıonal Hıghway (NH-275)
Authors: S Vishwas J , K Vineeth Kumar , Patel Nithin M , P Abhishek 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

through this project report intend to bring about an economical analysis of BengaluruMysuru Expressway (NH-275) which is a stretch of 117km, constructed under Bharatmala Pariyojana (BMP) phase − 1. For this economical analysis of Traffic Characteristics various study were performed. Using the studied data various estimations like liner regression method were performed for Traffic forecast (future Traffic), by traffic volume count data Average Daily Traffic (ADT) and Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT) were considered. Estimation of Value of Time (VOT) by empirical method and evaluation of Vehicle Operating Cost (VOC) by Portuguese Road User Cost (RUC) model were used to Comparing of Toll price with VOT (Value of Time) and VOC (Vehicle Operating Cost). Revenue and Expenses from toll plaza were calculated and arrived that the company would gain profit. For the estimation of Traffic forecasting we had to study liner regression method. All the calculation made are approximate and not exact
Molecular-Squeeze Triggers Guest Desorption from Sponge-Like Macrocyclic Crystals
Authors: Jie Kecheng , Zhang Linnan , Zheng Lifeng , Song Yingying , Huang Jingwei , Ning Hailong , Wang Leyong , Ma Jing 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Desorption in conventional porous sorbents often employ external forces including inert gas blowing, heating, vacuum treatment to trigger guest release through competitive intermolecular interactions. We here report an unprecedented molecular–squeeze triggered guest release behavior from sponge–like macrocyclic crystals. The crystals function as typical sponge to include guest molecules within their microscopic voids that are adaptively formed, thus acting as adsorbents for toluene/pyridine separations. Intriguingly, vaporized ethyl acetate molecules trigger the guest release from the crystals without entering the pores or voids of the adsorbent to replace the guest. Instead, they work as external forces applied directly onto the crystals themselves, squeezing the materials to close the voids and release the guest molecules. Various experimental techniques as well as molecular dynamics simulations reveal the mechanism of the molecular–squeeze induced guest release procedure. The vapor–regenerated crystals can be recycled multiple times without the loss of separation performance. Compared with conventional guest release procedure, this method is manipulated in a mild condition, showing the potential in saving cost and energy.
Abdominal aortic calcification predicts failure to complete adjuvant chemotherapy for stage III colorectal cancer: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Imaoka Kouki , Shimomura Manabu , Okuda Hiroshi , Yano Takuya , Akabane Shintaro , Ohira Masahiro , Imaoka Yuki , Ono Kosuke , Mochizuki Tetsuya , Matsubara Keiso , Bekki Tomoaki , Ishikawa Sho , Sato Saki , Watanabe Atsuhiro , Hattori Minoru , Ohdan Hideki 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Completion of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) contributes to improved prognosis of patients with pathological stage (pStage) III colorectal cancer (CRC). Therefore, identifying patients with AC intolerance is important. Although abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) indicates frailty, its clinical impact on AC completion remains unclear. This study aimed to clarify the association between AAC and AC incompletion.
Methods
Patients who underwent AC for pStage III CRC between 2010 and 2021 (n = 161) were divided into two groups based on an AAC cutoff of 992 mm3, determined using the receiver operating characteristic curves for AC completion. We investigated the perioperative clinicopathological factors and compared the frequency and severity of AC adverse events between the groups.
Results
The high AAC group had a significantly higher proportion of patients with older age (≥ 70 years), male sex, hypertension, and AC incompletion than the low AAC group. The regimens were not significantly different. No significant difference in the frequency or severity of adverse events was observed in either group. In the multivariate analysis, high AAC and older age were significantly associated with AC incompletion. Furthermore, k-means cluster analysis based on both age and AAC volume also demonstrated an increased risk of AC incompletion in patients with stage III CRC as both age and AAC volume increased. High AAC was associated with diminished improvement in nutritional status or inflammatory markers after the administration of AC.
Conclusions
High AAC is a potential risk marker for predicting AC incompletion in patients with stage III CRC before introducing AC.
Comparative Analysis of the Efficiencies of Two Low Cost Adsorbents for Carbon Dioxide Capture
Authors: Khan Romana , Yousaf Sayyaf , Noor Haris Abdullah , Ullah Muhammad Wajid , Noorpoor Alireza , Tahir Adnan Ahmad , Siddique Maria 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Global warming, climate change and associated threats have motivated research to look for cost effective adsorbents for Carbon dioxide (CO2) capture at source. This study focused on CO2 adsorption using a polymer- and a mineral-based adsorbent (chitosan and zeolite, respectively) modified with monoethanolamine (MEA). Chitosan beads were prepared by insolubilisation in NaOH whereas hollow zeolites were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis. Both adsorbents were successfully impregnated with MEA in different weight percent. Various physicochemical properties were studied using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopic (FTIR) techniques confirming the successful formation of the designed adsorbents. Both the sorbents were studied for CO2 adsorption from a simulated flue gas mixture comprising nitrogen and CO2 using a fixed-bed flow reactor. Observations showed that the CO2 adsorption capacity enhanced with amine loading for both the adsorbents. The adsorbents were found to be very active and promising, and the maximum adsorption found was 19 mg/g of modified chitosan. Compared to hollow zeolites, the modified chitosan beads showed better adsorption. The stability of the adsorbents was tested and observed that the same material can be recycled for three adsorption-desorption cycles and no significant change in CO2 adsorption capabilities.
Identification of exosome-related features for prediction prognostic tumor microenvironment in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Chen Yusong , Wang Siming , Xu JiaShun , Luo Zhixiong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Lung cancer has a high morbidity and mortality rate with currently limited treatment options. There is an urgent need for prognostic markers to facilitate early diagnosis and improve survival rates. This study proposes lysosome-related genes as potential prognostic markers, as they play a significant role in the pathogenesis of lung cancer.
Methods
The study established a prognostic model using lysosome-related genes from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Univariate Cox regression and LASSO Cox regression analyses were utilized to identify and select relevant genes, and the model was then validated in an independent cohort of lung cancer patients. Further, immune cell infiltration scores, drug susceptibility, functional and pathway enrichment analyses were conducted to evaluate the model's predictive ability.
Results
The study identified 26 key lysosome-related genes and found that the high-risk group, as identified by the model, had a poorer overall survival rate. Additionally, the model demonstrated a good prediction accuracy for 1-, 3-, and 5- year prognosis in the training and validation cohorts. The model's risk score was identified as an independent prognostic factor, demonstrating its potential clinical relevance. Immune cell infiltration, tumor microenvironment analyses, and drug susceptibility predictions also provided significant insights.
Conclusion
The proposed model based on lysosome-related genes could be a potential tool for predicting the prognosis of lung cancer patients. It may facilitate early diagnosis, inform treatment plans, and improve overall survival rates. However, further research is required to establish its practical application in clinical settings.
The predictive value of CRP/albumin ratio (CAR) in the diagnosis of ischemia in myocardial perfusion scintigraphy
Authors: Ghodsirad Mohammad ALi , Zamani Hanieh 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the leading cause of mortality worldwide and finding cheap and accurate screening tests is of great value. This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of CRP/albumin ratio (CAR) in the diagnosis of IHD using myocardial perfusion scans.
Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, A total of 112 patients were investigated to find any relationship between CAR and myocardial ischemia by using myocardial perfusion scintigraphy. Data were analyzed using SPSS, with a p-value below 0.05 considered statistically significant.
Results:
Eighty-eight patients had normal MPI. 22 patients had some degree of myocardial ischemia in MPI. While the normal MPI and abnormal MPI groups were similar in terms of sex, weight, smoking, family history of CAD, albumin levels, diabetes mellitus status, hyperlipidemia, and chest pain type the CRP, and CAR means in the patients with myocardial ischemia were significantly higher than those with normal MPI.
Conclusion:
Although the value of CAR was significantly higher in patients with myocardial ischemia compared to normal subjects in MPI and it was an independent predictor of IHD., the capability of CAR in diagnosing myocardial ischemia was not very strong with a sensitivity and specificity of about only 60%.
Association of adiposity-and lipid-related indices with metabolic syndrome among older adults in the coastal city of China: A population-based study
Authors: Jiang Chunyan , Lin Na , Liu Yumei , Hou Binghui , Xie Anmu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background: Obesity is associated with metabolic disorders in clinical settings. We examined the relationship of adiposity indices and lipid-related indices with metabolic syndrome (MetS) among older adults in the coastal city of China.
Methods: In this population-based cross-sectional study, We used weight, height, waist circumference (WC), triglyceride, glucose, and uric acid (UA) to calculate 6 adiposity indices (body mass index [BMI], waist-to-height ratio [WHtR], body roundness index [BRI], Conicity Index [ConI], weight-adjusted-waist index [WWI], and A Body Shape Index [ABSI]) and 6 lipid-related indices (uric acid to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [UHR], Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI), triglyceride–glucose [TyG] index and its correlation index [TyG-BMI, TyG-WC, and TyG-WHtR]). MetS were diagnosed following the international criteria. Data was analyzed with the restricted cubic splines (RCS) and logistic regression models.
Results: Of the 5840 participants, 3170 were diagnosed with MetS. The multivariable-adjusted logistic regression analysis showed that higher BMI, WHtR, BRI, ConI, WWI, UHR, CVAI, TyG index and its correlation index (TyG-BMI, TyG-WC, and TyG-WHtR) were significantly associated with increased likelihoods of MetS. RCS regression analysis revealed the association of BMI, WHtR, BRI, and TyG index, TyG-BMI, TyG-WC, TyG-WHtR, and CVAI with MetS presents a S shaped and -log shaped dose-response curve (P for non-linearity≤0.001). In addition, after comparison by ROC analysis, we found that TyG-WHtR had significantly higher predictive power for MetS than other indicators (P≤0.001). In addition, whether in female or male, TyG-WC is the best indicator to indicate MetS.
Conclusions: BMI, WHtR, BRI, CVAI, TyG index TyG-BMI, TyG-WC, and TyG-WHtR were non-linear associated with MetS. In addition, our study highlights the clinical value of lipid-related indices, especially TyG-related indices, in predicting the MetS.
Optomechanical Motions of Gold Dimer’s Spin, Rotation and Revolution Manipulated by Bessel Beam
Authors: Liu Chao-Kang , Ku Yun-Cheng , Kuo Mao-Kuen , Liaw Jiunn-Woei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The optomechanical motions of a pair of optically bound gold nanoparticles (GNPs), in fluid manipulated by a Bessel beam are studied. Since a Bessel beam possesses orbital angular momentum (OAM) and spin angular momentum (SAM) simultaneously, complicated rigid-body motions of the dimer can be induced. The mechanism involves the equilibrium between the optical force with the reactive drag force exerted by the fluid. Our results demonstrate that the 2D planar motion includes the rotation of the dimer around its center of mass (COM) and the orbital revolution of the COM around the optical axis. Additionally, each individual GNP undergoes spinning. The directions of the GNPs’ spin and the orbital revolution of COM depend on the handedness and the order (topological charge) of Bessel beam, respectively. Nevertheless, the rotation direction of the dimer depends on the size of GNP. In the case of a smaller dimer, the direction of dimer’s rotation with respect to the COM is consistent with the handedness of the light. Conversely, a larger dimer performs a reverse rotation, accompanied by a precession during the orbital revolution. There are multiple turning points in the radius of the GNP for the alternating rotation of the dimer caused by positive or negative optical torque. Our finding may provide an insight to the optomechanical manipulation of optical vortexes on the motions of GNP clusters.
Global dissemination of npmA mediated pan-aminoglycoside resistance via a novel mobile genetic element in Gram-positive bacteria
Authors: Gonzalez-Zorn Bruno , Serna Carlos , Matamoros Bosco , Delgado-Blas Jose , Jansen Rogier , Willems Rob , Almeida Alexandre ,   The COVID-19 Genomics UK (COG-UK) Consortium The COVID-19 Genomics UK (COG-UK) Consortium, Coll Francesc 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The npmA gene, encoding a 16S rRNA methyltransferase, confers resistance to all clinically available aminoglycosides, posing a significant threat to effective antibiotic therapy. Here, we investigated the distribution and mobilization mechanisms of npmA variants, npmA1 and npmA2, through an exhaustive analysis of 692,646 available bacterial genomes. We identified a worldwide dissemination of the npmA2 in Clostridioides difficile, predominantly carried by C. difficile ST11. We also detected npmA2 in two vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium isolates from a Dutch hospital. Upon sequencing and phenotypic analysis, we determined that E. faecium isolates were pan-resistant to aminoglycosides. Genomic characterization linked npmA2 to a novel composite transposon Tn7734 which, in turn, is integrated within a previously uncharacterized Integrative and Conjugative Element (ICE) Tn7740, present in both npmA2-carrying C. difficile and E. faecium clinical isolates. These findings suggest the role of ICE Tn7740 in enabling cross-species gene mobilization between these gram-positive bacteria and emphasize the risk of mobile genetic elements transferring pan-aminoglycoside resistance between clinically important bacterial pathogens.
Global warming is intensifying due to population growth and food production
Authors: Silberstein Morry 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Between 1970 and 2020 global temperatures rose by 0.280C or 40% more than the 0.70C predicted by climate models based upon radiative forcing from greenhouse gas emissions. Over the same period, the Earth’s human population more than doubled, while the total mass of other mammals and birds that are farmed for human consumption tripled. To determine whether heat produced by these warm-blooded animals and birds was responsible for the temperature rise, publicly available databases were scrutinized for human population growth and livestock production, as well as global energy use, and heat emission values were calculated. Using the heat transfer equation, the total calculated temperature rise from biological heat production by warm-blooded animals over the surveyed time period was found to be sufficient to account for the observed temperature rise, not counting a small additional contribution from industrial waste heat. Subject to verification of the methods used in this analysis, recalculation of greenhouse gas emission targets may be required, with consideration given to measures aimed at both reducing population growth and production of animals for human consumption.
The Intra- and Intermolecular Friedel-Crafts Acylation of Amino Acid Derivatives in
Stereo-retarded Manner
Authors: Tachrim Zetryana Puteri , Hashimoto Makoto 
Published: May 2024

:
The Friedel-Crafts acylation of natural or unnatural amino acids in stereoretarded
manner is willing to prescribed here. Depending on its main skeleton, the typical
intra- and intermolecular Friedel-Crafts reaction of amino acids can be differentiated. The
unique amino acid’s general structure can contribute to the reaction between its carboxyl
group and the side chain. Depending on the Friedel-Crafts reaction condition, the amino
acid’s optical retention can be retarded. This perspective can contribute to the development
of this one-century reaction in the field of organic chemistry.