bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Continuously tunable microwave photonic notch filter based on the differential group delay
Authors: Jin Yongxing , Dong Xinyong , Zhou Junqiang , Shum Perry Ping 
Published: November 2010

AbstractA continuously tunable microwave photonic notch filter is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. This filter is based on the differential group delay generated by a high‐birefringence linearly chirped fiber Bragg grating. The tunability is realized by applying gradient tension to the grating. Free spectral range tuning by 9.27 GHz with more than 35 dB notch rejection is achieved. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:121–123, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25679
A novel compact broadband printed monopole antenna for mobile handsets
Authors: Kang Gaojian , Du Zhengwei 
Published: November 2010

AbstractA novel compact broadband printed antenna for mobile handsets is proposed and studied.The proposed antenna occupies an area of 20 × 16 mm2, consisting of an inverted‐S monopole for 2‐GHz band and an inverted‐L branch for 3‐GHz band. It achieves a bandwidth of 560 MHz at the 2‐GHz band (1.66–2.22 GHz) and 500 MHz at the 3‐GHz band (3.24–3.74 GHz) for −10 dB return loss, covering GSM (1710–2170 MHz), DCS (1710–1880 MHz), PCS (1850–1990 MHz), PHS (1880–1930 MHz), UMTS (1920–2170 MHz), and WiMAX (3400–3600 MHz) bands. Numerical simulation and verifying experimental results are presented and discussed. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:118–121, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25680
Doherty power amplifier with cascaded peaking cells
Authors: Lee Mun‐Woo , Kam Sang‐Ho , Lee Yong‐Sub , Jeong Yoon‐Ha 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe Doherty power amplifier (DPA) with cascaded peaking cells is reported.The auxiliary peaking cell at the input of the main peaking cell is employed to enhance the efficiency and linearity of DPA. For the experimental validation, the main DPA and an auxiliary peaking cell are designed using Si LDMOSFETs and a GaN HEMT, respectively. From the measured results, the power‐added efficiency is increased at a 6‐dB back‐off power and the adjacent channel leakage ratio is enhanced over a whole output power range. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:208–211, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25682
An interdigitated split‐ring resonator for metamaterials
Authors: Sohn Sung‐Min , Vaughan J. Thomas , Gopinath Anand 
Published: November 2010

AbstractAn interdigitated split‐ring resonator is proposed and obtains negative permittivity (εr), magnetic permeability (μr), and negative refractive index (n) over a narrow frequency band. This article demonstrates that the proposed structure has a linear frequency response the geometry of the structure and small planar resonators for low frequency metamaterials are possible. The experimental results show that the resonators exhibit a negative refractive index at frequencies of a few hundred MHz to a few GHz. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:174–177, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25683
Polyamides – Still Strong After Seventy Years
Authors: Marchildon Keith 
Published: November 2010

AbstractPolyamides are a subject of enduring interest because of their variety, their complex internal structures, their commercial importance and versatility, and their various chemistries of preparation and of long‐term use. The present review introduces these polymers and then discusses the first of the above aspects, namely the variety of the polyamides. Here, together, the full family is presented, classified conveniently according to the types and combinations of monomers from which they are constructed.magnified image
Progressive resistance voluntary wheel running in the mdx mouse
Authors: Call Jarrod A. , Mckeehen James N. , Novotny Susan A. , Lowe Dawn A. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractExercise training has been minimally explored as a therapy to mitigate the loss of muscle strength for individuals with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Voluntary wheel running is known to elicit beneficial adaptations in the mdx mouse model for DMD. The aim of this study was to examine progressive resistance wheel running in mdx mice by comprehensively testing muscle function before, during, and after a 12‐week training period. Male mdx mice at ∽4 weeks age were randomized into three groups: Sedentary, Free Wheel, and Resist Wheel. Muscle strength was assessed via in vivo dorsiflexion torque, grip strength, and whole body tension intermittently throughout the training period. Contractility of isolated soleus muscles was analyzed at the study's conclusion. Both Free and Resist Wheel mice had greater grip strength (∽22%) and soleus muscle specific tetanic force (26%) compared with Sedentary mice. This study demonstrates that two modalities of voluntary exercise are beneficial to dystrophic muscle and may help establish parameters for an exercise prescription for DMD. Muscle Nerve 42: 871–880, 2010
Patterns of gene expression in muscle and fat in tumor‐bearing rats: Effects of CRF2R agonist on cachexia
Authors: Argilés Josep M. , Fontes‐Oliveira Cibely Cristine , Fuster Gemma , Ametller Elisabet , Figueras Maite , Olivan Mireia , Lopez‐Soriano Francisco J. , Qu Xiaoyan , Demuth Jeffrey , Stevens Paula , Varbanov Alex , Wang Feng , Isfort Robert J. , Busquets Sílvia 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe hypothesis we tested was that administering corticotropin‐releasing factor receptor agonists preserves muscle mass during cancer that is related to changes in tissue gene expression. cDNA microarrays were used to compare mRNAs from muscle and adipose tissues of non‐treated and agonist‐treated tumor‐bearing rats. In muscle of non–tumor‐bearing agonist‐treated animals we observed decreased expression of genes associated with fatty acid uptake and esterification. In tumor‐bearing animals, CRF2R agonist administration produced decreased mRNA content of the atrogene lipin‐1. In white adipose tissue, agonist treatment of non–tumor‐bearing animals induced genes typically related to muscle structure and function. The fact that this treatment decreased expression of atrogenes could have clinical application. In addition, agonist treatment changed the gene pattern of adipose tissue to render it similar to that of skeletal muscle; thus, treatment with this agonist alters the gene pattern to what could be called “muscularization of white adipose tissue.” Muscle Nerve 42:936–949, 2010
Voluntary exercise induces structural remodeling in the hearts of dystrophin‐deficient mice
Authors: Costas Jeffrey M. , Nye David J. , Henley Jessica B. , Plochocki Jeffrey H. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractIn this exploratory study, we test the hypothesis that voluntary exercise affects the progression of dystrophic changes in the left ventricle of the heart. Wild‐type (C57BL/10ScSn) and dystrophin‐deficient (mdx) mice, aged 7 weeks, were divided into sedentary and exercise‐treated groups and tested for differences in cardiac histomorphometry. Exercised mdx mice were found to exhibit significantly enlarged ventricles and thinner lateral ventricular walls than sedentary mdx mice (P < 0.05). Trichrome staining indicated the presence of fibrotic lesions in the left ventricular myocardium in 20% of the exercised mdx group. Fibrotic lesions were not found in control or sedentary mdx mice. No histomorphometric differences were found between treatment groups in wild‐type mice. Our findings suggest voluntary exercise may accelerate the progression of ventricular dilation and fibrosis in young mdx mice. The effects of exercise on cardiac remodeling should be considered during the treatment of cardiac disease in dystrophin‐deficient patients. Muscle Nerve 42: 881–885, 2010
Characterizing spinal muscular atrophy with electrical impedance myography
Authors: Rutkove Seward B. , Shefner Jeremy M. , Gregas Matt , Butler Hailly , Caracciolo Jayson , Lin Connie , Fogerson Patricia M. , Mongiovi Phillip , Darras Basil T. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractElectrical impedance myography (EIM) is a non‐invasive, painless technique for the evaluation of neuromuscular disease, and here we evaluate its potential application in spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Twenty‐one SMA patients and 18 healthy children underwent EIM of biceps brachii and tibialis anterior using a commercially available impedance device. Hand‐held dynamometry and ultrasound assessment of subcutaneous fat thickness were also performed. All EIM parameters differed significantly between both SMA patients and normal subjects and between type 2 and type 3 SMA patients. In addition, EIM had an accuracy level as high as 93% for correctly categorizing patients as type 2 or type 3. Multiple regression analyses confirmed a strong association between EIM and dynamometry. These results confirm that EIM can accurately categorize patients with SMA. Because EIM requires no patient effort and is rapid to apply, it may serve a useful role in future SMA clinical trials. Muscle Nerve 42: 915–921, 2010
Distinct cytokine patterns associated with different forms of chronic dysimmune neuropathy
Authors: Gironi Maira , Saresella Marina , Marventano Ivana , Guerini Franca Rosa , Gatti Andrea , Antonini Giovanni , Ceresa Lara , Morino Stefania , Beghi Ettore , Angelici Alberto , Mariani Enrica , Nemni Raffaello , Clerici Mario 
Published: November 2010

AbstractTo better understand the presumed immune system dysregulation of chronic dysimmune neuropathy (CDN) patients, we designed a study to evaluate the levels of pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory cytokines in the most common forms of CDN: chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), and anti‐myelin‐associated glycoprotein (MAG)‐related polyneuropathy (MAGnp). Sixteen patients fulfilled diagnostic criteria for CIDP, 14 were diagnosed with MAGnp, and 36 were classified as exhibiting “chronic idiopathic polyneuropathy” (CIP). Cytokine production in mitogen‐stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was analyzed by flow cytometry. CIDP and MAGnp patients were compared with CIP patients, those with monoclonal gammopathy without polyneuropathy (MGUS), and healthy controls (HC). We observed an increase in pro‐inflammatory cytokines in the CIDP group, whereas interleukin‐10 (IL‐10) was augmented in the MAGnp patients. These distinctive immune alterations may represent a biological tool in differential diagnosis and future therapeutic approaches. Muscle Nerve 42: 864–870, 2010
Altered MEF2 isoforms in myotonic dystrophy and other neuromuscular disorders
Authors: Bachinski Linda L. , Sirito Mario , Böhme Maria , Baggerly Keith A. , Udd Bjarne , Krahe Ralf 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBecause of their central role in muscle development and maintenance, MEF2 family members represent excellent candidate effectors of the muscle pathology in myotonic dystrophy (DM). We investigated the expression and alternative splicing of all four MEF2 genes in muscle from neuromuscular disorder (NMD) patients, including DM1 and DM2. We observed MEF2A and MEF2C overexpression in all NMD muscle, including 12 MEF2‐interacting genes. Exon 4 and 5 usage in MEF2A and MEF2C was different between DM and normal muscle, with DM showing the embryonic isoform. Similar splicing differences were observed in other NMD muscle. For MEF2C, missplicing was more pronounced in DM than in other dystrophies. Our data confirm dysregulation of MEF2A and MEF2C expression and splicing in several NMD, including DM. Our findings demonstrate that aberrant splicing in NMD is independent from expression of mutant repeats, and suggests that some aberrant splicing, even in DM, may be compensatory rather than primary. Muscle Nerve 42: 856–863, 2010
Time course of skeletal muscle loss and oxidative stress in rats with walker 256 solid tumor
Authors: Guarnier Flávia A. , Cecchini Alessandra L. , Suzukawa Andréia A. , Maragno Ana Leticia G.C. , Simão Andréa N.C. , Gomes Marcelo D. , Cecchini Rubens 
Published: November 2010

AbstractReactive oxygen species oxidize proteins and modulate the proteasomal system in muscle‐wasting cancer cachexia. On day 5 (D5), day 10 (D10), and day 14 (D14) after tumor implantation, skeletal muscle was evaluated. Carbonylated proteins and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were measured. Chemiluminescence was employed for lipid hydroperoxide estimation. Glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and total radical antioxidant capacity were evaluated. The proteasomal system was assessed by mRNA atrogin‐1 expression. Increased muscle wasting, lipid hydroperoxide, and superoxide dismutase, and decreased glutathione levels and total radical antioxidant capacity, were found on D5 in accordance with increased mRNA atrogin‐1 expression. All parameters were significantly modified in animals treated with α‐tocopherol. The elevation in aldehylde levels and carbonylated proteins observed on D10 were reversed by α‐tocopherol treatment. Oxidative stress may trigger signal transduction of the proteasomal system and cause protein oxidation. These pathways may be associated with the mechanism of muscle wasting that occurs in cancer cachexia. Muscle Nerve 42: 950–958, 2010
Functional performance and muscle strength phenotypes in men and women with Danon disease
Authors: Stevens‐Lapsley Jennifer E. , Kramer Laurel R. , Balter Jaclyn E. , Jirikowic Jean , Boucek Dana , Taylor Matthew 
Published: November 2010

AbstractDanon disease is a rare X‐linked myopathy that is characterized clinically by a triad of cardiomyopathy, skeletal myopathy, and cognitive impairment. The purpose of this investigation was to quantify functional performance, muscle weakness, and quadriceps activation in individuals with Danon disease as compared with healthy individuals. Four males (ages 10–34 years) and 4 females (ages 16–50 years), with the genetic markers of Danon disease, were compared with 8 healthy males (ages 22–34 years) and 8 healthy females (ages 23–41 years) and previously reported norms. Affected males and females had decreased functional performance, significant generalized muscle weakness, and decreased quadriceps strength and activation when compared with healthy individuals. Affected males had larger deficits in function, strength, and activation when compared with affected females. The results indicate that, although the presentation of Danon disease is variable and is typically only described in males, muscle weakness patterns exist in both affected males and females. Muscle Nerve 42: 908–914, 2010
Pseudometabolic presentation of dystrophinopathy due to a missense mutation
Authors: Veerapandiyan Aravindhan , Shashi Vandana , Jiang Yong‐Hui , Gallentine William Brian , Schoch Kelly , Smith Edward Clinton 
Published: November 2010

AbstractExercise intolerance with myalgia, muscle stiffness, and recurrent rhabdomyolysis due to mutations in the DMD gene can mimic metabolic myopathies leading to delayed or inaccurate diagnoses. In this retrospective chart review, we report 3 unrelated boys with exertional myalgia, muscle stiffness, myoglobinuria, and normal neurological examination due to an identical point mutation in the DMD gene: a hemizygous T‐to‐C change in exon 15 (c.1724T>C) resulting in an amino acid substitution of leucine to proline at codon 575. Two of the 3 boys had normal dystrophin immunostaining and Western blot analysis in muscle. This missense mutation has been reported twice before, with at least 1 patient exhibiting rhabdomyolysis. Our report, however, is the first to describe in detail the clinical findings associated with this specific mutation. Further studies and clinical reports are needed to better understand the pathogenicity of the mutation. Muscle Nerve 42: 975–979, 2010
Three‐dimensional responses of buried corrugated pipes and ANN‐based method for predicting pipe deflections
Authors: Kim Moon Kyum , Cho Seok Ho , Yun Ik Jung , Won Jong Hwa 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThis study investigated localized responses, such as circumferential stresses, on corrugation and pipe deflections. Also, this study examined the effect of corrugation geometry on the overall and localized response of corrugated pipes with refined three‐dimensional modeling of the entire soil–pipe interaction system, including corrugation. To investigate the availability of the traditional two‐dimensional method, the results from the three‐dimensional finite element method (FEM) were compared with those from the two‐dimensional FEM. The soil–pipe modeling techniques of this study were verified by comparing the FEM results by Utah State University and analytical results. An artificial neural network (ANN)‐based model to predict vertical deflections of buried corrugated pipes was developed to overcome the shortcomings of existing methods and obtain results that are close to the level of accuracy of FEM results. In order to train an ANN, analyses on a large amount of data were executed with various standardized pipe geometries and burial depths regulated by the Korea Highway Corporation using the two‐dimensional FEM verified in this study. The widely used back propagation algorithm was adopted. The ANN‐based model developed in this study was shown to be an effective tool by comparing the results with test data and sensitivity analyses were executed based on the data from the developed ANN. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Measurement‐based link scheduling for maritime mesh networks with directional antennas
Authors: Hazra Sukanta K. , Seah Winston K. G. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe proliferation of wireless transceivers and the availability of the unlicensed band has given a boost to the deployment of wireless networks, with IEEE802.11/WiFi being the major driver in this arena. In this research, we consider a wireless mesh network designed for long‐distance communication with a typical deployment scenario of a maritime mesh network. This network uses an antenna system made up of multiple fixed‐beamwidth antennas. Compared to most other directional antenna schemes which use directional antenna for transmission and omni‐directional antenna for reception, our system uses directional antennas for both transmission and reception where a pair of transmitter–receiver antennas needs to be aligned and have an acceptable channel quality before transmission can take place. Through efficient use of directional antennas for both transmission and reception, and spatial reuse in transmission, we are able to realize a high‐capacity mesh network. In this paper, we present a practical approach to achieve contention‐free medium access, namely, a measurement‐based link‐scheduling algorithm. We evaluate the performance of the link‐scheduling algorithm using simulations and show that it is able to exploit the spatial diversity provided by the directional antennas to outperform comparable schemes for wireless mesh networks. We also briefly discuss implementation issues to demonstrate the viability of the approach. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ETUS: An enhanced triple umpiring system for security and performance improvement of mobile ad hoc networks
Authors: Kathirvel Ayyaswamy , Srinivasan Rengaramanujam 
Published: November 2010

AbstractA mobile ad hoc network is a self‐created, self‐organized and self‐administering set of nodes connected via wireless links without the aid of any fixed infrastructure or administrator. Protecting the network layer from malicious attacks is an important and challenging issue in both wired and wireless networks and the issue becomes even more challenging in the case of wireless mobile ad hoc networks. In this paper we propose a solution using a triple umpiring system (TUS), which provides security for routing and data‐forwarding operations. In our system each node's behaviour from source to destination is closely monitored by a set of three umpires. If any misbehaviour is noticed, umpires flag off the guilty node from the circuit. We have proposed two enhancements to the basic TUS for salvaging the circuit during disruptions in route reply and data‐forwarding phases. The model with these two enhancements is called ETUS. We have implemented TUS and ETUS by modifying the popular Ad hoc On‐Demand Distance Vector protocol. Extensive simulation studies using QualNet 5.0 establish the soundness of the proposal. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Splitting positive definite mixed element methods for pseudo‐hyperbolic equations
Authors: Liu Yang , Li Hong , Wang Jinfeng , He Siriguleng 
Published: November 2010

AbstractSplitting positive definite mixed finite element (SPDMFE) methods are discussed for a class of second‐order pseudo‐hyperbolic equations. Depending on the physical quantities of interest, two methods are proposed. Error estimates are derived for both semidiscrete and fully discrete schemes. The existence and uniqueness for semidiscrete schemes are proved. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 28: 670–688, 2012
A uniform error estimate in time for spectral Galerkin approximations of the magneto‐micropolar fluid equations
Authors: Ortega‐Torres E.E. , Rojas‐Medar M.A. , Cabrales R.C. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWe consider Galerkin approximations for the equations modeling the motion of an incompressible magneto‐micropolar fluid in a bounded domain. We derive an optimal uniform in time error bound in the H1 and L2 ‐norms for the velocity. This is done without explicit assumption of exponential stability for a class of solutions corresponding to decaying external force fields. Our study is done for no‐slip boundary conditions, but the results obtained are easily extended to the case of periodic boundary conditions. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 28: 689–706, 2012
Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1/2 mutational analyses and 2‐hydroxyglutarate measurements in Wilms tumors
Authors: Rakheja Dinesh , Mitui Midori , Boriack Richard L. , DeBerardinis Ralph J. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBackgroundL‐2‐Hydroxyglutaric aciduria (L‐2‐HGA) is an uncommon inborn error of metabolism, in which the patients are predisposed to develop brain tumors. Elevated levels of D‐2‐hydroxyglutarate have been demonstrated with malignant gliomas and myeloid leukemias associated with somatic mutations of the genes encoding NADP(+)‐dependent isocitrate dehydrogenases (IDH1 and IDH2, respectively). Recently, we noted a Wilms tumor in a child with L‐2‐HGA. Given the accumulating evidence that both enantiomers of 2‐hydroxyglutarate are associated with cellular transformation, we investigated if sporadic Wilms tumors are associated with IDH1 or IDH2 mutations or with elevated levels of 2‐hydroxyglutarate.ProcedureWe retrieved 21 frozen Wilms tumor tissues. In 20 cases, we sequenced exon 4 and flanking intronic regions of IDH1 and IDH2. In all 21 cases, we measured 2‐hydroxyglutarate levels by liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry.ResultsWe did not find mutations at the hot spots IDH1 codon 132 or IDH2 codon 172. Two cases (1 with favorable histology and 1 with unfavorable histology) showed heterozygous change c.211G>A (p.Val71Ile) in IDH1, a change previously reported as a mutation but listed as a single nucleotide polymorphism in the NCBI SNP database. We did not find increased levels of 2‐hydroxygluatric acid in any sample.ConclusionsOur results suggest that IDH1 codon 132 or IDH2 codon 172 mutations or elevated 2‐hydroxyglutarate levels do not play a role in the biology of sporadic Wilms tumors. The significance of heterozygous change c.211G>A (p.Val71Ile) in IDH1, seen in two tumors, is not clear. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011;56:379–383. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.