bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Street hawking and socio‐economic dynamics of nomadic girls of northern Nigeria
Authors: Usman Lantana M. 
Published: July 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide a qualitative explanation, understanding, and policy suggestions on the socio‐economic causes, effects, and challenges facing nomadic rural girls' street hawking in cities of Northern Nigeria. The aim is to present the paper as a source of literature that will serve as a future document in formulating inclusive policies for the girls as explained in the section on educational policy options.Design/methodology/approachResearch orientation and design involved qualitative phenomenology that explored girls' street hawking experiences. Study sites included three major Nigerian cities and three villages of the girls. Purposeful sampling was used to select 20 girls between ages eight and 15 and female parents as primary participants, while two traditional and religious leaders from each of the villages, and one administrator of the local state nomadic education commission served as secondary participants. Snowball samples of three male parents of the girls in each village were used as part of data validity. Data collection technique involved unstructured focus group interviews, participant observations, and video recording of the girls at home, at markets, and at streets in the cities. Ethical issues were addressed by obtaining oral and written consent of participants orally and in writing using the native language for clarity and understanding of their role. Data analysis of interview involved transcription and the repeated reading of the transcripts that identified major themes. Observational data were converted to field notes and analyzed for patterns of ideas that support major themes of the analyzed interview data for validity. Triangulation process of checking validity was used with sample of snowball participants as state educational administrators of nomadic education, religious leaders, amongst others.FindingsMajor findings are presented as themes on major economic causes of the girls' street hawking of dairy products as a part of family gender division of labor, poverty level of most families, preparing girls for self‐reliance and economic independence, and to augment family income. Social causes include Islamic religious pressure of teaching youth self‐reliance in preparation for early marriage, to finance wedding expenses, to acquire material possessions as child brides, for family honor, to accrue income to maintain their bodily aesthetic needs, group street hawking as a means to girls socialization, and exposing girls to suitors as future husbands, amongst others. Challenges facing the girls include lack of safety, exposure to forms of abuse, and being left behind in basic literacy, amongst others.Originality/valueThis paper is of significant value due to its novelty. It will serve as primary literature on minority West African pastoral girls' impact on rural‐urban migration, their challenges, and their position in the current world social policy of the Department for International Development and UNICEF Girls Education Project.
Information literacy assessment: a case study at Miami University
Authors: Resnis Eric , Gibson Katie , Hartsell‐Gundy Arianne , Misco Masha 
Published: July 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this case study, created by a faculty learning community (FLC) on research fluency, is to investigate students' information literacy practices at Miami University, including information search process, preparation, differences in students' information literacy skill levels, and how well they transfer these skills outside coursework.Design/methodology/approachFaculty and librarians designed a survey of about 60 questions, which were given to 300 students in faculty's classes by librarian FLC members.FindingsFLC members discovered where perceptions among professors, librarians, and students were similar, and where they differed.Practical implicationsInfluenced by the findings, participating faculty made changes to the course plans and included additional assignments to make the process of research more explicit.Originality/valueWhile there are similar studies about information literacy, the Miami University study is distinct in that it reports on collaboration with faculty and makes use of their perceptions of students.
Diversity training in organisations: an introduction
Authors: McGuire David , Bagher Mammed 
Published: July 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to review the literature on diversity training and examine the effect of power, privilege and politics on diversity in organisations.Design/methodology/approachThis is a conceptual paper examining the arguments in favour and against diversity training in organisations. It identifies the presence of dominant groups in society leading to the marginalisation and oppression of minority diverse groups. It introduces the papers to the special issue under the three themes of: organisational impacts and outcomes; identify and self‐presentation and resistance to diversity.FindingsThe value of diversity training to promoting inclusivity, equality and fairness in organisations is underlined as is the importance of the human resource development community adopting a more proactive role in addressing the issue of diversity through research and course cirricula.Originality/valueThe paper introduces this special issue in “Diversity training in organisations” by examining the background concepts and providing an overview of the contributions to the issue.
The implications of talent management for diversity training: an exploratory study
Authors: Stewart Jim , Harte Victoria 
Published: July 2010

PurposeThe paper seeks to explore the proposition that there is a need for research to address the connections between talent management (TM) and managing diversity as one example of achieving better integration and less separation in academic work on human resource (HR).Design/methodology/approachAn exploratory study of one organisation at a very early stage of implementing TM which involved some documentary analysis and interviews with six senior HR professionals in the organisation.FindingsThere is some limited evidence that professionals view different aspects of HR practice in isolation and do not make connections in practice as well as they could. This evidence is taken as sufficient support for the need for more research into the proposition.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper is in its early stages and findings are not argued to be generalisable. However, they are sufficient to suggest there will be value on further research on connections between TM and managing diversity. One area still to be explored in more depth is the role of human resource development (HRD) practice in making those connections.Practical implicationsBoth academics and practitioners may have to consider less emphasis on narrow speciaisms and foci in their work and take on more wholistic perspectives.Originality/valueThe literature review confirmed the assumption that the two topics are researched and written about separately with little published on the connections and implications of each for the other.
Lesbian presentations and representations of leadership, and the implications for HRD
Authors: Gedro Julie 
Published: July 2010

PurposeThis paper seeks to identify, examine, and discuss the unique challenges for lesbians who serve in leadership positions in corporate America.Design/methodology/approachDrawing upon a multi‐disciplinary framework of management, diversity, feminist, and leadership literature, the paper critically examines the myriad of pressures exerted upon all women in leadership positions, and then identifies the pressures that are specific and unique for lesbians.FindingsThere are pressures that are unique for lesbian leaders. These pressures include negotiating the heterosexism of the organization; invisibility versus visibility, and gender expression and gender role expectations.Originality/valueThe paper provides implications for human resource development to assume a stronger and more active role in uncovering tacit issues embedded in leadership so that organizational workplaces become locations of greater equity, access, and fairness for all who aspire to leadership positions.
Inducted currents analysis in multiply connected conductors using reluctance‐resistance networks
Authors: Wojciechowski Rafal M. , Demenko Andrzej , Sykulski Jan K. 
Published: July 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop a reluctance‐resistance network (RRN) formulation for determining the induced current distributions in a 3D space of multiply connected conducting systems.Design/methodology/approachThe proposed RRN method has been applied to solve Problem No. 7 of the International TEAM Workshops. The induced currents in the conductive plate with an asymmetrically situated “hole” have been analysed. The RRN equations have been formed by means of the finite element method using the magnetic vector potential A and the electric vector potentials T and T0. The block relaxation method combined with the Cholesky decomposition procedure has been applied to solve the resultant RRN equations.FindingsComparison with results published in literature has demonstrated high accuracy of the proposed RRN computational scheme while offering significant savings in computing times.Originality/valueA novel formulation of the RRN approach has been proposed and demonstrated to be computationally efficient.
3D analytical field calculation using triangular magnet segments applied to a skewed linear permanent magnet actuator
Authors: Janssen J.L.G. , Paulides J.J.H. , Lomonova E.A. 
Published: July 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present novel analytical expressions which describe the 3D magnetic field of arbitrarily magnetized triangular‐shaped charged surfaces. These versatile expressions model that the field of triangular‐shaped permanent magnets (PMs) are very suitable to model skewed slotless machines.Design/methodology/approachThe analytical 3D surface charge method is normally used to provide field expressions for PMs in free space. In this paper, the analytical surface charge integrals are analytically solved for charged right‐triangular surfaces. The resulting field is compared with that obtained by finite element modeling (FEM) and subsequently applied in two examples.FindingsThe comparison with FEM shows that the 3D analytical expressions are very accurate and exhibit very low‐numerical noise. These fast‐solving versatile expressions are therefore considered suitable to model triangular‐shaped or polyhedral‐shaped PMs.Research limitations/implicationsThe surface charge method assumes that the relative permeability is equal to 1 and therefore soft‐magnetic materials need to be modeled using the method of images. The PMs are assumed to be ideal in terms of homogeneity, magnetization vector, permeability, demagnetization, and geometrical tolerances.Practical implicationsMany applications, such as the subclass of slotless synchronous linear actuators with a skewed PM structure and planar magnetic bearings, are very suitable to incorporate this modeling technique, since it enables the analysis of a variety of performance data.Originality/valueAs an addition to the common 3D analytical field expressions for cuboidal or cylindrical PMs, this paper presents novel expressions for magnets having triangular surfaces.
Proposal of electromagnetic spherical actuator with 3‐DOF
Authors: Ikejiri Shohei , Hirata Katsuhiro , Maeda Shuhei 
Published: July 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to propose a new electromagnetic spherical actuator with three‐degree‐of‐freedom. Multi‐degree‐of‐freedom actuators which can be operated in arbitrary axis come to attract attention because of the solution for efficiency, weight, size, and so on. Particularly, spherical actuators are studied as the application to the joints and eyeballs for robots because they can be freely rotated in every axis direction.Design/methodology/approachThe paper proposes a new electromagnetic spherical actuator with three‐degree‐of‐freedom in rotation, and the torque characteristics of the actuator are computed by the 3D finite element method (FEM). The validity of the computation is confirmed through the measurement of a prototype.FindingsIt is found that this actuator realized the high torque of more than 1.0 Nm in every axis circumference.Originality/valueA new spherical three‐degree‐of‐freedom actuator is proposed. The torque characteristics of the improved model are calculated employing the 3D FEM. The validity of the analysis is verified through the comparison with the measured results of the prototype. Furthermore, the improved model is proposed to increase the torque, and the effectiveness of the model is confirmed.
Simplified models including eddy currents for laminated structures
Authors: Hihat Nabil , Komęza Krzysztof , Napieralska‐Juszczak Ewa , Lecointe Jean‐Philippe , Niewierowicz Tadeusz 
Published: July 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a comparative analysis concerning the influence of eddy currents on the distribution of the magnetic flux density in the laminated anisotropic structures.Design/methodology/approachThe influence of the magnetic flux normal to the lamination surface is particularly analysed. Several models containing internal air gaps and overlapping are tested. For every structure, the eddy currents are first taken into account and then, they are neglected. At last, the 3D simulation of the anisotropic conductivity permits to analyse separately the longitudinal and normal flux in the structure and the eddy currents induced by those fluxes.FindingsThe study leads to a more realistic numerical model with conducting laminations. The results show that the normal flux does not turn at once on lamination. The normal and longitudinal fluxes induce eddy currents which modify the flux distribution in the laminated structure.Practical implicationsThe results of the presented simulations make it possible to elaborate a more realistic numerical model of homogenized characteristics taking into account eddy currents.Originality/valueThe eddy currents induced by the fluxes modifies the field distribution in the structure and should be taken into account. The internal air‐gaps higher than 0.1 mm have an influence on the field distribution; the isolation between the laminations of 0.01 mm has a smaller but not negligible effect on the magnetic flux. The direction of the normal flux from one sheet to another one does not change immediately after the entrance of the lamination, the transition is progressive.
Vibration analysis of small power transformer
Authors: Kubiak Witold , Witczak Pawel 
Published: July 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a methodology of identification and calculating vibrations of power transformers caused by magnetostriction.Design/methodology/approachAll calculations are based on finite element approach. Electromagnetic model uses 2D time stepping solution in nonlinear continuum of the core accompanied with equivalent representation of overlapping areas. Structural model is 3D with special representation for laminated core limbs. Theoretical results are compared with experimental ones obtained as operational deflection shapes from vibration measurements.FindingsTensor representation of magnetostriction stress enables calculation of equivalent forces acting on arbitrary chosen parts of laminated core. These forces converted into amplitude and phase of Fourier spectrum and introduced into structural model make possible to get displacement field with reasonable accuracy.Research limitations/implicationsAssumption of magnetic isotropy of the transformer core is the main simplification during analysis.Practical implicationsIt was proved that small deformation of the core structure originated from assembly technology may be the reason of substantial growth of the vibration level.Originality/valueThis paper provides a step‐by‐step explanation of how to get core vibration starting from magnetic field distribution.
Opinion piece – electronic records: now and then
Authors: Barry Rick 
Published: July 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to share the author's opinions on notable electronic records achievements over the past two decades in the USA and current issues and views on the future.Design/methodology/approachThis is an essay that is based on the author's 50 years in the field of information management, technology management, and records management as a researcher, manager, and consultant. It reviews different technologies used by the typically four generations of workers collaborating in the workplace at the same time, and what this portends for electronic recordkeeping.FindingsInformation managers, archivists, and records managers can gain insights into current and future issues managing electronic records by becoming good observers of changing technologies and their uses by generations soon to enter the workplace. Suggested options for addressing some of the more critical issues are offered, including approaches to technological designs for recordkeeping and a broader view of the potential for better integration of cultural information of all kinds in archives, libraries and museums, as a means of better serving researchers and society.Originality/valueEvolving technologies and trends in their social usage have presented and will continue to present newer platforms for both personal and organizational work patterns, communications and record making. Modern information technologies and related analytical practices also offer opportunities for addressing some of the long‐standing issues encountered in planning and implementing electronic records systems in such an ever‐changing business world. Recent recordkeeping professionals can benefit from sharing experiences and stories in identifying and making use of such opportunities to move forward from a planning environment to an enterprise implementation environment.
Information governance: information security and access within a UK context
Authors: Lomas Elizabeth 
Published: July 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that records management frameworks need to be risk based, flexible and aligned to wider information management objectives. The paper outlines some of the changes, challenges and opportunities now and on the horizon for records managers. The paper argues that through embedding the international information security standard ISO 27001 in conjunction with the records management standard ISO 15489, holistic information governance strategies will be delivered that are responsive to change.Design/methodology/approachThe paper provides a discussion on the challenges facing records and information management professionals and suggests that ISO 27001 provides some of the systems' solutions lacking from ISO 15489.FindingsThe alignment of ISO 27001 to ISO 15489 strengthens the delivery of existing records management systems and its drivers. This is critical to build strong information governance programmes, which enable risks to be assessed in an ever‐changing information management world.Practical implicationsSuccessful implementation of records management requires alignment with wider information standards and strategies to deliver holistic information management and governance.Originality/valueThis research will assist in promoting best practice in records management and information governance.
Current state of play: records management and the cloud
Authors: Stuart Katharine , Bromage David 
Published: July 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe the current environment of, and challenges for, managing and storing records and information in “the cloud”.Design/methodology/approachThe approach was based on the authors' experience of the challenges facing records management gained through the authors' interaction with public and private organisations. Observations of the way the web has changed the conduct of business and what using “the cloud” to store information means for records management. Included is some practical advice on how records managers can cope with the risk associated from using “the cloud”.FindingsThe key findings highlight that as organisations are changing the way they conduct business by including “web 2.0” and “the cloud” into their way of working, records management needs to be aware of the risks. The incorporation of “the cloud” into the way organisations conduct business, should not be based on a technological decision, but should be based on a decision examining risk to an organisation's information.Originality/valueThis paper is beneficial in raising awareness of the potential risks and benefits associated with managing and storing information online, specifically in “the cloud”. However, this paper aims to not dissaude organisations in their use of web technologies, but to emphasise the involvement needed by records managers in the formation of policies, education and risk analysis for any system or space designed to manage or store information and records.
Distribution systems, loyalty and performance
Authors: Su Chen Mei , Lai Gene C. 
Published: July 2010

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the influence of distribution systems and customer loyalty on firm performance.Design/methodology/approachEfficiency scores and profitability are used as the proxies for performance. The data envelopment analysis approach is used to calculate efficiency scores. The sample is from the Taiwanese life insurance industry.FindingsThe results suggest that a multiple distribution channel strategy performs worse than a single distribution channel strategy in terms of efficiency and profitability. It is also found that agent turnover rate is negatively related to technical efficiency, cost efficiency, and profitability. The evidence also suggests that insurers with higher customer loyalty perform better than insurers with lower customer loyalty.Originality/valueThe paper's results can assist insurers to make decisions on distribution channels and improve agent turnover rate and customer loyalty.
Does board governance improve the quality of accounting earnings?
Authors: Iyengar Raghavan J. , Land Judy , Zampelli Ernest M. 
Published: July 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the contention that a strengthening of corporate governance mechanisms would result in the improved relevance and reliability of financial statements.Design/methodology/approachUsing pooled ordinary least squares regression, the paper analyse the quality of reported earnings for a sample of firms over the 1998‐2002 time period.FindingsThe findings show negative and statistically significant associations between reported earnings quality and the proportion of CEO incentive pay and firm's growth opportunities. It is also found that earnings quality is positively and significantly related to the existence of an orderly CEO transition process. However, board independence does not seem to be associated with earnings quality.Research limitations/implicationsSince the sample of firms is from the 1998 to 2002 period, consistent with the paper's motivation, the results may not generalize to the more recent time period.Practical implicationsThe results provide support for the argument that the current structure of executive pay does adversely impact the quality of reported earnings and hence provides a rationale for closer scrutiny of executive pay by regulatory bodies. Additionally, the findings suggest that the emphasis on board independence as an effective monitoring device may be misplaced.Originality/valueUnlike prior studies, the paper's hypotheses are derived from an explicit agency theoretic optimization model of managerial decision making. The paper uses the Ball and Shivakumar model for estimating abnormal accruals unlike previous analyses that relied more heavily on the Jones model. The paper also adds to past studies of the relationship between corporate governance and earnings quality and the role of executive compensation.