bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
T1 assessment of hip joint cartilage following intra‐articular gadolinium injection: A pilot study
Authors: Bittersohl Bernd , Hosalkar Harish S. , Kim Young‐Jo , Werlen Stefan , Trattnig Siegfried , Siebenrock Klaus A. , Mamisch Tallal C. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThis pilot study defines the feasibility of cartilage assessment in symptomatic femoroacetabular impingement patients using intra‐articular delayed gadolinium‐enhanced MRI of cartilage (ia‐dGEMRIC). Nine patients were scanned preliminary to study the contrast infiltration process into hip joint cartilage. Twenty‐seven patients with symptomatic femoroacetabular impingement were subsequently scanned with intra‐articular delayed gadolinium‐enhanced MRI of cartilage. These T1 findings were correlated to morphological findings. Zonal variations were studied. This pilot study demonstrates a significant difference between the pre‐ and postcontrast T1 values (P < 0.001) remaining constant for 45 min. We noted higher mean T1 values in morphologically normal‐appearing cartilage than in damaged cartilage, which was statistically significant for all zones except the anterior‐superior zone. Intraobserver (0.972) and interobserver correlation coefficients (0.933) were statistically significant. This study outlines the feasibility of intra‐articular delayed gadolinium‐enhanced MRI of cartilage for assessment of cartilage changes in patients with femoroacetabular impingement. It can also define the topographic extent and differing severities of cartilage damage. Magn Reson Med, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Uniqueness, loss of ellipticity and localization for the time‐discretized, rate‐dependent boundary value problem with softening
Authors: Benallal A. , Berstad T. , Børvik T. , Hopperstad O. S. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe discretization in time of the initial boundary value problem for rate‐dependent (elastic‐viscoplastic) solid materials in presence of softening is investigated in this paper. The emphasis is put on uniqueness, loss of ellipticity and localization. It is found that the time‐discretized problem resembles the incremental problem for rate‐independent materials and softening may lead to ill‐posedness (loss of ellipticity) if the time step is greater than a critical value. It is well established that the implication of loss of ellipticity for the numerical simulations after spatial discretization is the pathological mesh dependency of the computed results. We furnish a method to compute the critical time step and demonstrate its use for a simple example problem. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Convergence speed in multi‐objective metaheuristics: Efficiency criteria and empirical study
Authors: Durillo J. J. , Nebro A. J. , Luna F. , Coello Coello C. A. , Alba E. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractSolving optimization problems using a reduced number of objective function evaluations is an open issue in the design of multi‐objective optimization metaheuristics. The usual approach to analyze the behavior of such techniques is to choose a benchmark of known problems, to perform a predetermined number of function evaluations, and then, apply a set of performance indicators in order to assess the quality of the solutions obtained. However, this sort of methodology does not provide any insights of the efficiency of each algorithm. Here, efficiency is defined as the effort required by a multi‐objective metaheuristic to obtain a set of non‐dominated solutions that is satisfactory to the user, according to some pre‐defined criterion. Indeed, the type of solutions of interest to the user may vary depending on the specific characteristics of the problem being solved. In this paper, the convergence speed of seven state‐of‐the‐art multi‐objective metaheuristics is analyzed, according to three pre‐defined efficiency criteria. Our empirical study shows that SMPSO (based on a particle swarm optimizer) is found to be the best overall algorithm on the test problems adopted when considering the three efficiency criteria. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A new family of high regularity elements
Authors: Sun Jiguang 
Published: May 2010

AbstractIn this article, we propose a new family of high regularity finite element spaces. The global approximation spaces are obtained in two steps. We first build an open cover of the computational domain and local approximation spaces on each patch of the cover. Then we construct partition of unity functions subordinate to the open cover depending on the regularity requirement. The basis functions of the global space is given by the products of the local basis functions and the corresponding partition of unity functions. The method can be used to construct finite element spaces of any desired regularity. Approximation properties and implementation details are discussed. Numerical examples for the biharmonic equation are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed method. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq, 28: 1–16, 2012
Robust guaranteed cost control of discrete‐time networked control systems
Authors: Wu Ligang , Lam James , Yao Xiuming , Xiong Junlin 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThis paper is concerned with the robust guaranteed cost control problem for networked control systems (NCSs). The plant considered is an uncertain linear discrete‐time system, where the communication limitations include packet‐loss and signal transmission delay. Our purpose is to design a robust state‐feedback guaranteed cost controller such that the resulting closed‐loop system is robustly stable, and a specified quadratic cost function is upper bound for all admissible uncertainties under such communication limitations. A model of NCSs is established which contains two additive delay components, one being a known constant, and the other unknown constant. By introducing a novel Lyapunov‐Krasoviskii function with the idea of delay partitioning, new sufficient conditions for the existence of guaranteed cost controllers are proposed. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the usefulness of the developed theory. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ACADO toolkit—An open‐source framework for automatic control and dynamic optimization
Authors: Houska Boris , Ferreau Hans Joachim , Diehl Moritz 
Published: May 2010

AbstractIn this paper the software environment and algorithm collection ACADO Toolkit is presented, which implements tools for automatic control and dynamic optimization. It provides a general framework for using a great variety of algorithms for direct optimal control, including model predictive control as well as state and parameter estimation. The ACADO Toolkit is implemented as a self‐contained C++ code, while the object‐oriented design allows for convenient coupling of existing optimization packages and for extending it with user‐written optimization routines. We discuss details of the software design of the ACADO Toolkit 1.0 and describe its main software modules. Along with that we highlight a couple of algorithmic features, in particular its functionality to handle symbolic expressions. The user‐friendly syntax of the ACADO Toolkit to set up optimization problems is illustrated with two tutorial examples: an optimal control and a parameter estimation problem. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stochastic faulty actuator‐based reliable control for a class of interval time‐varying delay systems with Markovian jumping parameters
Authors: Gu Zhou , Yue Dong , Wang Daobo , Liu Jingliang 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe paper addresses the problem of a reliable control for interval time‐varying delay system with Markovian jumping parameters. A new practical actuator fault model, by assuming that the actuator fault obeys a certain probabilistic distribution, is considered. Delay‐dependent conditions for the solvability of these problems are obtained via new parameter‐dependent Lyapunov function. The closed‐loop systems are stochastically stable not only when all actuators are operational, but also in case of some actuator failures. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed design method. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Successful treatment of early detected trilateral retinoblastoma using standard infant brain tumor therapy
Authors: Wright Karen D. , Qaddoumi Ibrahim , Patay Zoltan , Gajjar Amar , Wilson Matthew W. , Rodriguez‐Galindo Carlos 
Published: May 2010

AbstractTrilateral retinoblastoma is characterized by the presence of retinoblastoma with an intracranial tumor. The incidence is low and prognosis poor. Due to the paucity of information regarding successful treatment, we report the case of a 6 month old female referred for leukocoria and found to have an associated suprasellar tumor and pineal enhancement. The patient, treated with standard infant brain tumor therapy, remains alive without signs of active disease 35 months after diagnosis; no surgery or irradiation was used. Early diagnosis of trilateral retinoblastoma may facilitate the use of less intensive therapeutic approaches and result in excellent outcomes in these patients. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2010;55:570–572. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Vincristine and carboplatin chemotherapy for unresectable and/or recurrent low‐grade astrocytoma of the brainstem
Authors: Ronghe Milind , Hargrave Darren , Bartels Ute , Tabori Uri , Vaidya Sucheta , Chandler Chris , Kulkarni Abhaya , Bouffet Eric 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBackgroundRadiotherapy remains a widely accepted postoperative treatment modality for unresectable or recurrent low‐grade glioma (LGG). However, there is increasing evidence to suggest that chemotherapy can delay and may obviate the need for radiotherapy in progressive/recurrent LGG. The majority of the published experience is in children with hypothalamic/optic chiasmatic lesions and little information is available regarding its use in LGG of the brainstem.ProcedureWe describe clinical characteristics and course of children with LGG of the brainstem who received carboplatin‐based chemotherapy in two institutions over 10 years (1996–2006). This was a retrospective review of consecutively treated children with LGG of the brainstem (midbrain, pons, medulla, and upper cervical cord). Vincristine and carboplatin were first‐line chemotherapy regimen used in all patients.ResultsIn this series, there were 16 children (9 males) with median age at diagnosis of 4.2 years (range 0.5–8). Eight children were treated at diagnosis while the remaining eight received chemotherapy after either radiological progression or clinical deterioration. After a median follow‐up of 57 months (range 20–136) from initiation of chemotherapy all children are alive and 11 remain progression free (1 complete response, 8 with partial response + minor response, and 2 stable diseases).ConclusionsThe efficacy of this chemotherapy regimen in this series supports its role in children with progressive unresectable LGG of brainstem. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2010;55:471–477. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of L‐arginine supplementation on immune responsiveness in patients with sickle cell disease
Authors: Scavella Arnette , Leiva Lily , Monjure Hanh , Zea Arnold H. , Gardner Renee V. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBackgroundL‐arginine (L‐Arg) is deficient in sickle cell disease (SSD) during vasoocclusion. We investigated possible causal relationship between L‐Arg deficiency and immune dysfunction in SSD in steady‐state.ProcedureFifteen patients with SSD in steady‐state and 13 controls were studied. Plasma L‐Arg levels were measured using liquid chromatography. T cell subsets and CD3zeta (CD3ζ) chain expression were analyzed using flow cytometry. Lymphocyte proliferative response to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and production of IL‐6 and interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ) were evaluated with and without L‐Arg.ResultsSSD patients had significantly lower L‐Arg levels than controls. CD3 and CD19 cell populations were comparable for both groups, but SSD patients had above normal numbers of natural killer cells (P = 0.06). Patients and controls exhibited significantly increased lymphocyte blastogenesis to PHA after introduction of L‐Arg to cultures; response of patients was significantly greater than values for control individuals. Proliferative response to candida in SSD patients was significantly lower than in controls; L‐Arg supplementation did not increase this response. L‐Arg had no effect on blastogenic response to PPD and candida albicans. No effect was likewise seen in production of IL‐6 and IFN‐γ after addition of L‐Arg. CD3ζ chain expression increased after addition of L‐Arg in both groups; differences were insignificant.ConclusionL‐Arg levels in steady‐state SSD are significantly lower than in controls. L‐Arg supplementation enhanced lymphocyte blastogenesis to PHA for both controls and patients, but not in response to antigen. There were no significant differences in CD3ζ chain expression although upregulation of expression occurred after L‐Arg supplementation for both groups. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2010;55:318–323. © 2010 Wiley–Liss, Inc.
A quantitative meta‐analysis of neurocognitive sequelae in survivors of pediatric brain tumors
Authors: Robinson Kristen E. , Kuttesch John F. , Champion Jennifer E. , Andreotti Charissa F. , Hipp Dana W. , Bettis Alexandra , Barnwell Anna , Compas Bruce E. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBackgroundDeficits in neurocognitive functioning are an important area of late effects in survivors of pediatric brain tumors, but a quantitative analysis of the magnitude of these deficits has yet to be conducted.ProcedureThe purpose of the current article is to provide a comprehensive meta‐analysis of the literature on long‐term neurocognitive effects found in these survivors.ResultsResults indicated significant deficits in both narrow and broad indices of neurocognitive functioning, and the overall magnitude of the effects across all domains ranged from small to large in magnitude (g = −0.45 to −1.43) with a large mean overall effect size of g = −0.91.ConclusionsThese findings underscore the importance of monitoring the neurocognitive late effects in survivors of pediatric brain tumors, and the need for more consistent consideration of demographic, diagnostic, and treatment‐related variables in future research to allow for examination of factors that may moderate these deficits. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2010;55:525–531. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A review on oil palm empty fruit bunch fiber‐reinforced polymer composite materials
Authors: Hassan Azman , Salema Arshad Adam , Ani Farid Nasir , Bakar Aznizam Abu 
Published: May 2010

AbstractNatural fiber‐reinforced polymer composite materials have emerged in a wide spectrum of area of the polymer science. The composite produced from these types of materials are low density, low cost, comparable specific properties, and most importantly they are environmental friendly. The composite materials produced from oil palm fibers and commercially available polymers have offered some specific properties that can be comparable to conventional synthetic fiber composite materials. However, these properties are greatly dependent on the compatibility of oil palm fibers and matrix phase with moisture absorption as one of the critical issues that becomes the drawbacks of the oil palm fiber polymer composite materials. Apparently, it greatly affects the physical as well as mechanical properties of the composite materials. The present review reports the work on oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) fiber‐reinforced polymer composites with some interest on the OPEFB physical structure, and chemical compositions. Finally, the incorporation of OPEFB into polymeric materials leads to several interesting consequences on the water absorption characteristics and the mechanical properties, which have been reviewed. POLYM. COMPOS., 31:2079–2101, 2010. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers
Assessing the influence of cotton fibers on the degradation in soil of a thermoplastic starch‐based biopolymer
Authors: Moriana Rosana , Karlsson Sigbritt , Ribes‐Greus Amparo 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBiocomposites consisting of cotton fibers and a commercial starch‐based thermoplastic were subjected to accelerated soil burial test. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry analysis was carried out to provide chemical–structural information of the polymeric matrix and its reinforced biocomposites. The effects that take place as a consequence of the degradation in soil of both materials were studied by FTIR‐ATR, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). When the polymeric matrix and the reinforced biocomposite are submitted to soil burial test, the infrared studies display a decrease in the CO band associated to the ester group of the synthetic component as a consequence of its degradation. The crystalline index of both materials decreased as a function of the degradation process, where the crystalline structure of the reinforced biocomposite was the most affected. In accordance, the degraded reinforced biocomposite micrographs displayed a more damaged morphology and fracture surface than the degraded polymeric matrix micrographs. On the other hand, the same thermal decomposition regions were assessed for both materials, regardless of the degradation time. Kissinger, Criado, and Coats‐Redfern methods were applied to analyze the thermogravimetric results. The kinetic triplet of each thermal decomposition process was determined for monitoring the degradation test. The thermal study confirms that starch was the most biodegradable polymeric matrix component in soil. However, the presence of cotton fiber modified the degradation rate of both matrix components; the degradability in soil of the synthetic component was slightly enhanced, whereas the biodegradation rate of the starch slowed down as a function of the soil exposure time. POLYM. COMPOS., 31:2102–2111, 2010. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers
Preparation of high‐performance flame‐retardant hybrid material by hyperbranched polyphosphate ester
Authors: Zhang Daohong , Wu Haiyan , Li Tingcheng , Zhang Aiqing , Peng Yongli , Jing Fengxi 
Published: May 2010

AbstractA novel hyperbranched polyphosphate ester (HPPE) and a high‐performance hybrid flame‐retarding material HPPE/diglycidyl ether of bisphenol‐A (DGEBA) epoxy resin are prepared. The effect of HPPE content and molecular weight on the mechanical performance, thermal performance, and flame‐retarding property of the hybrid material is studied. The results show that the overall performance of the hybrid material first increases and then decreases with the increase of HPPE content as well as the molecular weight and reaches maximum with 8–12 wt% of HPPE. When compared with the performance of pure DGEBA, the tensile strength, flexural strength, impact strength, fracture toughness, and limited oxygen index of the HPPE‐2/DGEBA hybrid material are enhanced by about 114%, 50%, 48%, 95%, and 20%, respectively. The toughening and reinforcing mechanism of the hybrid system is a novel in situ effect as revealed by the micrographs of the fracture surfaces using scanning electron microscopy. POLYM. COMPOS., 32:36–43, 2011. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers
Ultrasonography of the fetal brainstem: a biometric and anatomical, multioperator, cross‐sectional study of 913 fetuses of 21–36 weeks of gestation
Authors: Mirlesse V. , Courtiol C. , Althuser M. , CFEF  , Duyme M. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractObjectivesTo establish the ultrasonographic fetal growth charts of the pons and the vermis/pons ratio on a multioperator basis in low‐risk pregnancies and provide a detailed description of the anatomical and ultrasonographic criteria of normal brainstem growth.MethodsA prospective, multicenter, multioperator, ultrasonographic study was conducted on 913 fetuses aged 21–36 weeks. The anteroposterior diameter of the pons and the greatest vermal height were measured to establish a growth chart, using a mid‐sagittal plane with a posterior transfontanellar approach. The LMS semiparametric statistical method was used to construct the growth charts. Three morphological structures were also examined: the pons arch and its echostructure, the bulbo‐protuberential sulcus and the primary vermal fissure.ResultsThe anteroposterior diameter of the pons and the greatest vermal height were measured in 96.7% of cases. The anteroposterior diameter of the pons and vermis increased linearly with gestational age. The vermis/pons ratio was stable during pregnancy.ConclusionWe have drawn the growth charts for the pons and vermis during pregnancy and described the normal ultrasound morphology of the brainstem. Knowledge of these morphological and biometric data could facilitate early screening for pontocerebellar hypoplasia. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Women's experience of pre‐implantation genetic diagnosis: a qualitative study
Authors: Karatas J. C. , Barlow‐Stewart K. , Strong K. A. , Meiser B. , McMahon C. , Roberts C. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo provide an in‐depth account of the experience of pre‐implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD).MethodExploratory qualitative interview study. Participants were recruited from one major in vitro fertilization (IVF) clinic in Sydney, Australia. Data were collected through 14 in‐depth interviews with women at different stages of PGD, utilized a thematic approach and facilitated by NVivo software.ResultsWomen reported using PGD as empowering and led them to feel in control of their reproductive futures. Health professionals who did not tell women about PGD were seen as a barrier to accessing treatment. The ability to select embryos free from the genetic condition (for which it was at risk) alleviated stress. Despite this, stress experienced with PGD was significant for women, and often related to past experiences of reproductive trauma and grief. The outcome of embryos was also the cause of stress for women.ConclusionWomen undergoing PGD have a diverse range of reproductive and genetic histories, psychosocial circumstances and world views that all interact and impact their experience of PGD. Successful support and care of these women should address all of these factors and tailor the support provided for women using this physically and emotionally complex form of reproductive technology. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fabrication of Cu(In, Ga)Se2thin films by sputtering from a single quaternary chalcogenide target
Authors: Shi J. H. , Li Z. Q. , Zhang D. W. , Liu Q. Q. , Sun Z , Huang S. M. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractSingle‐layered Cu‐In‐Ga‐Se precursors were fabricated by one‐step sputtering of a single quaternary Cu(In,Ga)Se2(CIGS) chalcogenide target at room temperature, followed by post selenization using Se vapor obtained from elemental Se pellets. The morphological and structural properties of both as‐deposited and selenized films were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The precursor films exhibited a chalcopyrite structure with a preferential orientation in the (112) direction. The post‐selenization process at high‐temperature significantly improved the quality of the chalcopyrite CIGS. The CIGS layers after post‐selenization were used to fabricate solar cells. The solar cell had an open‐circuit voltage Voc of 0.422 V, a short‐circuit current densityJ = 24.75 mA, a fill factor of 53.29%, and an efficiency of 7.95%. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.