bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes and Subsequent First-Time Use of Psychiatric Treatment Among Fathers in Denmark
Authors: Christiansen Frederik , Petersen Janne , Thorius Ida Holte , Ladelund Agnes , Jimenez-Solem Espen , Osler Merete , Ankarfeldt Mikkel Zöllner 
Published: May 2024

ImportanceBecoming a first-time parent is a major life-changing event and can be challenging regardless of the pregnancy outcome. However, little is known how different adverse pregnancy outcomes affect the father’s risk of psychiatric treatment post partum.ObjectiveTo examine the associations of adverse pregnancy outcomes with first-time psychiatric treatment in first-time fathers.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis nationwide cohort study covered January 1, 2008, to December 31, 2017, with a 1-year follow-up completed December 31, 2018. Data were gathered from Danish, nationwide registers. Participants included first-time fathers with no history of psychiatric treatment. Data were analyzed from August 1, 2022, to February 20, 2024.ExposuresAdverse pregnancy outcomes including induced abortion, spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, small for gestational age (SGA) and not preterm, preterm with or without SGA, minor congenital malformation, major congenital malformation, and congenital malformation combined with SGA or preterm compared with a full-term healthy offspring.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPrescription of psychotropic drugs, nonpharmacological psychiatric treatment, or having a psychiatric hospital contact up to 1 year after the end of the pregnancy.ResultsOf the 192 455 fathers included (median age, 30.0 [IQR, 27.0-34.0] years), 31.1% experienced an adverse pregnancy outcome. Most of the fathers in the study had a vocational educational level (37.1%). Fathers experiencing a stillbirth had a significantly increased risk of initiating nonpharmacological psychiatric treatment (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR], 23.10 [95% CI, 18.30-29.20]) and treatment with hypnotics (AHR, 9.08 [95% CI, 5.52-14.90]). Moreover, fathers experiencing an early induced abortion (≤12 wk) had an increased risk of initiating treatment with hypnotics (AHR, 1.74 [95% CI, 1.33-2.29]) and anxiolytics (AHR, 1.79 [95% CI, 1.18-2.73]). Additionally, late induced abortion (&amp;gt;12 wk) (AHR, 4.46 [95% CI, 3.13-6.38]) and major congenital malformation (AHR, 1.36 [95% CI, 1.05-1.74]) were associated with increased risk of nonpharmacological treatment. In contrast, fathers having an offspring being born preterm, SGA, or with a minor congenital malformation did not have a significantly increased risk of any of the outcomes.Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this Danish cohort study suggest that first-time fathers who experience stillbirths or induced abortions or having an offspring with major congenital malformation had an increased risk of initiating pharmacological or nonpharmacological psychiatric treatment. These findings further suggest a need for increased awareness around the psychological state of fathers following the experience of adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Everything Can Be an Author: Rethinking Agency in the Age of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: del Campo Matias 
Published: May 2024

AbstractArchitectural discourse has often been described as predicated on the lone architect genius backed by a studio of supplicant architectural assistants. In recent years there has been a swing to the idea of crediting the numerous creative collaborations in the development of the arts – buildings or not. Guest‐editor of this 2 Matias del Campo uses AI to further question the independent, original‐thinking concept of authorship before reaching the ultimate conclusion.
Heterogeneous‐Structure‐Based AuNBs@TiO2 Nano‐Photosensitizers for Computed Tomography Imaging Guided NIR‐II Photodynamic Therapy and Cancer Metastatic Prevention
Authors: Tang Xinfeng , Wu Yi , Shen Yanqiong , Huang Zhiqi , Jiang Wei , Zhao Yingming , Lv Weifu , Zhu Yanhua 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive cancer treatment that, despite its significant attention, faces limitations in penetration depth, which restrict its effectiveness. Herein, it is found that gold nanobipyramid (AuNBs) coated with TiO2 can form a core–shell heterogeneous structure (AuNBs@TiO2) with strong absorption at second near infrared (NIR‐II) region. A substantial quantity of reactive oxygen species (ROS), including singlet oxygen (1O2), superoxide anion radicals, and hydroxyl radicals, can be rapidly generated when subjecting the AuNBs@TiO2 aqueous suspension to 1064 nm laser irradiation. The quantum yield for sensitization of 1O2 by AuNBs@TiO2 is 0.36 at 1064 nm light excitation. In addition, the Au element as high‐Z atoms in the nanosystem can improve the ability of computed tomographic (CT) imaging. As compared to commercial iohexol, the AuNBs@TiO2 nanoparticle exhibits significantly better CT imaging effect, which can be used to guide PDT. In addition, the nano‐photosensitizer shows a remarkable therapeutic effect against established solid tumors and prevents tumor metastasis and potentiates immune checkpoint blockade therapy. More importantly, here the great potentials of AuNBs@TiO2 are highlighted as a theranostic platform for CT‐guided cancer photodynamic immunotherapy.
Manipulating Radiation‐Sensitive Z‐DNA Conformation for Enhanced Radiotherapy
Authors: Wang Dongmei , Liao You , Zeng Hao , Gu Chenglu , Wang Xue , Zhu Shuang , Guo Xihong , Zhang Jie , Zheng Ziye , Yan Junfang , Zhang Fuquan , Hou Lingmi , Gu Zhanjun , Sun Baoyun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDNA double‐strand breaks (DSBs) yield highly determines radiotherapy efficacy. However, improving the inherent radiosensitivity of tumor DNA to promote radiation‐induced DSBs remains a challenge. Using theoretical and experimental models, the underexplored impact of Z‐DNA conformations on radiosensitivity, yielding higher DSBs than other DNA conformations, is discovered. Thereout, a radiosensitization strategy focused on inducing Z‐DNA conformation, utilizing CBL@HfO2 nanocapsules loaded with a Z‐DNA inducer CBL0137, is proposed. A hollow mesoporous HfO2 (HM‐HfO2) acts as a delivery and an energy depositor to promote Z‐DNA breakage. The nanocapsule permits the smart DSBs accelerator that triggers its radiosensitization with irradiation stimulation. Impressively, the CBL@HfO2 facilitates the B‐Z DNA conformational transition, augmenting DSBs about threefold stronger than irradiation alone, generating significant tumor suppression with a 30% cure rate. The approach enables DSBs augmentation by improving the inherent radiosensitivity of DNA. As such, it opens up an era of Z‐DNA conformation manipulation in radiotherapy.
Fiber Optic Assisted Optofluidic Viscometer for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Giaquinto Martino , Corrado Brunella , Aliberti Anna , Cusano Andrea 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOptical fiber technology is gaining increasing importance in all those fields requiring reliable, miniaturized, compact, and plug‐and‐play devices, with a special relevance in life science applications. Here, optical fibers are adopted to measure the fluids viscosity, by detecting the transit time (related to viscosity) of a steel bead moving through the tested fluid in a microfluidic channel under constant pressure. The proposed optofluidic system is designed by defining a theoretical model, here experimentally validated in the viscosity range of 5–110 cP, well resembling main blood flow features. The achieved results demonstrate the capability to work in multi‐point and single‐point detection modalities with a trade‐off between resolution (minimum of 10−1 and 1 cP respectively) and measurement time (tens of seconds and milliseconds range, respectively). An optimum accuracy close to 1.5% has been achieved, with room for further optimization by reducing bead size uncertainty. The proposed platform features simple, low‐cost, reliable, and fast measurements and ensures the integration with microfluidics chip in a miniaturized and disposable system. The low volumes required (scalable down to µL range) and the ease of use enable the translation of the proposed platform in clinical scenarios involving real‐time blood and plasma viscosity measurements under physiological conditions.
Operando Decoding of Surface Chemical and Thermal Events in Photoelectrocatalysis via a Lab‐Around‐Microfiber Sensor
Authors: Huang Yunyun , Mou Caini , Liang Jiaxuan , Wan Jiaxin , Chen Pengwei , Guan Bai‐Ou 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOperando decoding of the key parameters of photo‐electric catalysis provides reliable information for catalytic effect evaluation and catalytic mechanism exploration. However, to capture the details of surface‐localized and rapid chemical and thermal events at the nanoscale in real‐time is highly challenging. A promising approach based on a lab‐around‐microfiber sensor capable of simulating photo‐electric catalytic reactions on the surface of optical fibers as well as monitoring reactant concentration changes and catalytic heat generation processes is demonstrated. Due to the penetration depth of submicron size and the fast response ability of the evanescent field, the lab‐around‐microfiber sensor overcame the difficulty of reading instantaneous surface parameters in the submicron range. This sensor operando dismantled the changes in reactant concentration and temperature on the catalyst surface induced by light and voltage, respectively. It also decoded the impact of catalyst composition on the adsorption efficiency and catalytic efficiency across various wavelengths and determined the synchronized occurrence of pollutant degradation and catalytic thermal effects. Stable correlations between the real‐time parameters and catalytic activities are obtained, helping to provide a basic understanding of the catalytic process and mechanism. This approach fills an important gap in the current monitoring methods of catalytic processes and heat production.
Accelerating PROTACs Discovery Through a Direct‐to‐Biology Platform Enabled by Modular Photoclick Chemistry
Authors: Yan Ke‐Nian , Nie Yong‐Qiang , Wang Jia‐Yu , Yin Guang‐Liang , Liu Qia , Hu Hao , Sun Xiaoxia , Chen Xiao‐Hua 
Published: May 2024

AbstractProteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) have emerged as a promising strategy for drug discovery and exploring protein functions, offering a revolutionary therapeutic modality. Currently, the predominant approach to PROTACs discovery mainly relies on an empirical design–synthesis–evaluation process involving numerous cycles of labor‐intensive synthesis‐purification and bioassay data collection. Therefore, the development of innovative methods to expedite PROTAC synthesis and exploration of chemical space remains highly desired. Here, a direct‐to‐biology strategy is reported to streamline the synthesis of PROTAC libraries on plates, enabling the seamless transfer of reaction products to cell‐based bioassays without the need for additional purification. By integrating amide coupling and light‐induced primary amines and o‐nitrobenzyl alcohols cyclization (PANAC) photoclick chemistry into a plate‐based synthetic process, this strategy produces PROTAC libraries with high efficiency and structural diversity. Moreover, by employing this platform for PROTACs screening, we smoothly found potent PROTACs effectively inhibit triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell growth and induce rapid, selective targeted degradation of cyclin‐dependent kinase 9 (CDK9). The study introduces a versatile platform for assembling PROTACs on plates, followed by direct biological evaluation. This approach provides a promising opportunity for high‐throughput synthesis of PROTAC libraries, thereby enhancing the efficiency of exploring chemical space and accelerating the discovery of PROTACs.
Varietal differences in stem assimilate translocation and lodging resistance of rice under reduced nitrogen input
Authors: Li Guohui , Yang Zijun , Zhang Yan , Zhou Cheng , Zhang Chenhui , Xu Jiwei , Zhu Changjin , Xu Ke 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe low translocation rate of stem assimilates and lodging under high nitrogen conditions are major factors limiting the realization of the yield potential of rice. The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the characteristics of stem nonstructural carbohydrates (NSCs) translocation and lodging resistance in different types of rice varieties and (2) elucidate the responses of stem NSCs translocation and lodging resistance to reduced nitrogen (RN) input. Field experiments were conducted using four types of rice varieties with two nitrogen levels, including normal nitrogen (NN, namely, farmer's practice, 225 kg N ha−1 for indica conventional and indica hybrid rice and 300 kg N ha−1 for japonica conventional and indica–japonica hybrid rice in Jiangsu Province, China) and 20% RN (180 and 240 kg N ha−1, respectively). The results showed that there were significant differences in the stem NSCs translocation and lodging index of the basal stem among different types of varieties; indica hybrid rice was the highest, followed by indica conventional rice and indica–japonica hybrid rice, while japonica conventional rice was the lowest. The high activities of α‐amylase, β‐amylase, and sucrose phosphate synthase may contribute to high stem NSCs translocation. Correlation analysis revealed that NSCs translocation was significantly positively correlated with 1000‐grain weight, grain yield, and lodging index, while it was significantly negatively correlated with dry weight/length, dry weight/volume, and bending stress of the basal stem. Compared with NN, RN significantly improved NSCs translocation and had no significant effect on the lodging resistance‐related traits of the basal stem or grain yield. Therefore, this research indicates that a 20% reduction in nitrogen input can maintain grain yield by enhancing stem assimilate translocation without lodging resistance reduction and consequently synergizing nitrogen reduction, high yield, and lodging resistance.
Vibration‐Dependent Dual‐Phosphorescent Cu4 Nanocluster with Remarkable Piezochromic Behavior
Authors: Zhang Xiao‐Jing , Sun Meng‐En , Sun Fang , Jin Yan , Dong Xi‐Yan , Li Si , Li Hai‐Yang , Chen Gaosong , Fu Yongping , Wang Yonggang , Tang Qing , Wu Yuchen , Jiang Lei , Zang Shuang‐Quan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe dual emission (DE) characteristics of atomically precise copper nanoclusters (Cu NCs) are of significant theoretical and practical interest. Despite this, the underlying mechanism driving DE in Cu NCs remains elusive, primarily due to the complexities of excited state processes. Herein, a novel [Cu4(PPh3)4(C≡C−p−NH2C6H4)3]PF6 (Cu4) NC, shielded by alkynyl and exhibiting DE, was synthesized. Hydrostatic pressure was applied to Cu4, for the first time, to investigate the mechanism of DE. With increasing pressure, the higher‐energy emission peak of Cu4 gradually disappeared, leaving the lower‐energy emission peak as the dominant emission. Additionally, the Cu4 crystal exhibited notable piezochromism transitioning from cyan to orange. Angle‐dispersive synchrotron X‐ray diffraction results revealed that the reduced inter‐cluster distances under pressure brought the peripheral ligands closer, leading to the formation of new C−H⋅⋅⋅N and N−H⋅⋅⋅N hydrogen bonds in Cu4. It is proposed that these strengthened hydrogen bond interactions limit the ligands′ vibration, resulting in the vanishing of the higher‐energy peak. In situ high‐pressure Raman and vibrationally resolved emission spectra demonstrated that the benzene ring C=C stretching vibration is the structural source of the DE in Cu4.
New Glires materials from the East Mesa, Erlian Basin (Nei Mongol, China)
Authors: Li Qian 
Published: May 2024

AbstractEast Mesa, an Eocene locality situated east of the Shara Murun River in the Erlian Basin, is characterized by basal lower red mudstones. However, a distinct depositional hiatus has been observed in these red mudstones, leading to their division into layers 1 and 2. Excitingly, recent discoveries respectively in layers 1 and 2 of the lower red mudstones at the East Mesa include new Glires (Gomphos sp.) and rodents such as Asiomys dawsoni, Gobiocylindrodon cf. G. ulausuensis, and Yuomys sp., marking their first occurrences within these horizons. A comparative analysis of small mammal faunas suggests that layer 1 may correspond to the Arshantan age, while layer 2 indicates a late Irdinmanhan age based on the combination of taxa found.
Core‐Shell Zeolite with Confined Nickel Particles as Prominent Catalyst for the Hydrogenation of Maleic Anhydride
Authors: Wu Haidan , Zhuang Jianguo , Yan Siyan , Su Zhaojie , Wang Tianyun , Yu Jisheng , Li Liyuan , Zhu Xuedong , Yang Fan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTransformation of maleic anhydride (MA) into succinic anhydride (SA) through the development of high‐performance catalysts is an appealing approach from a sustainable development perspective. Herein, a core‐shell catalyst with silicate‐1 supported and MCM‐41 encapsulated nickel was prepared, which exhibited extraordinarily high MA conversion (99.8 %) and SA selectivity (99.9 %). Detailed structural characterizations and catalytic evaluation demonstrated that the core‐shell catalyst derived from the liquid deposition method is a hierarchically porous material with tunable shell thicknesses, possessing strong interaction between Ni particles and the supports. Key to this success is the MCM‐41 shell that covered the defects such as silanol nests on the surface of the silicate‐1 zeolite, diminishing both the surface and intra‐particle diffusion barriers, thus the specially‐designed catalyst achieved high activity under rather mild conditions (100 °C, 3.0 MPa), which is 59 % higher than the conventional silicate‐1 supported Ni catalyst. Furthermore, the mesoporous MCM‐41 shell plays a crucial role in minimizing the leaching and sintering of Ni particles, thereby bolstering catalytic stability. Overall, the research provides a new approach for the rational design to optimize the performance of hydrogenation catalysts and introduces a novel idea to enhance the activity and stability of Ni‐supported catalysts.
Heterogeneous Porous Synergistic Photocatalysts for Organic Transformations
Authors: Zhu Yuan‐Yuan , He Yuan‐Yuan , Li Yan‐Xiang , Liu Chun‐Hua , Lin Wenbin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRecent interest has surged in using heterogeneous carriers to boost synergistic photocatalysis for organic transformations. Heterogeneous catalysts not only facilitate synergistic enhancement of distinct catalytic centers compared to their homogeneous counterparts, but also allow for the easy recovery and reuse of catalysts. This mini‐review summarizes recent advancements in developing heterogeneous carriers, including metal–organic frameworks, covalent–organic frameworks, porous organic polymers, and others, for synergistic catalytic reactions. The advantages of porous materials in heterogeneous catalysis originate from their ability to provide a high surface area, facilitate enhanced mass transport, offer a tunable chemical structure, ensure the stability of active species, and enable easy recovery and reuse of catalysts. Both photosensitizers and catalysts can be intricately incorporated into suitable porous carriers to create heterogeneous dual photocatalysts for organic transformations. Notably, experimental evidence from reported cases has shown that the catalytic efficacy of heterogeneous catalysts often surpasses that of their homogeneous analogues. This enhanced performance is attributed to the proximity and confinement effects provided by the porous nature of the carriers. It is expected that porous carriers will provide a versatile platform for integrating diverse catalysts, thus exhibiting superior performance across a range of organic transformations and appealing prospect for industrial applications.
Modulating the Coordination Chemistry of Cobalt Catalytic Sites by Ruthenium Species to Accelerate the Polysulfide Conversion Kinetics in Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Lin Zhiqian , Zhu Haoxian , Qian Liyuan , Tang Xiaohui , Wen Jiangnan , Wang Yun , Wang Xiaofei , Han Songbai , Zhu Jinlong , Lin Haibin , Zhao Yusheng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe performance of lithium‐sulfur batteries is compromised by the loss of sulfur as dissolved polysulfides in the electrolyte and consequently the polysulfide redox shutting effect. Accelerating the conversion kinetics of polysulfide intermediates into sulfur or lithium sulfide through electrocatalysis has emerged as a root‐cause solution. Co−N−C composite electrocatalyst is commonly used for this purpose. It is illustrated here that how the effectiveness can be improved by modulating the coordination chemistry of Co−N−C catalytic sites through introducing Ru species (RuCo−NC). The well‐dispersed Ru in the Co−NC carbon matrix altered the total charge distribution over the Co−N−C catalytic sites and led to the formation of electron‐rich Co−N, which is highly active for the polysulfide conversion reactions. Using Ru to modulate the electronic structure in the Co−N−C configuration and the additional catalytic sites over the Ru−Nx species can manifest optimal adsorption behavior of polysulfides. Consequently, the sulfur cathode with RuCo−NC can reduce the capacity fade rate from 0.11 % per cycle without catalyst (initial capacity of 701 mAh g−1) to 0.054 % per cycle (initial capacity of 1074 mAh g−1) over 400 cycles at 0.2 C rate. The results of this study provide the evidence for a feasible catalyst modification strategy for the polysulfide electrocatalysis.
Spatial sensitivity distribution assessment and Monte Carlo simulations for needle‐based bioimpedance imaging during venipuncture using the finite element method
Authors: Atmaca Ömer , Liu Jan , Ly Toni J. , Bajraktari Flakë , Pott Peter P. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDespite being among the most common medical procedures, needle insertions suffer from a high error rate. Impedance measurements using electrode‐equipped needles offer promise for improved tissue targeting and reduced errors. Impedance visualization usually requires an extensive pre‐measured impedance dataset for tissue differentiation and knowledge of the electric fields contributing to the resulting impedances. This work presents two finite element simulation approaches for both problems. The first approach describes the generation of a multitude of impedances with Monte Carlo simulations for both, homogeneous and inhomogeneous tissue to circumvent the need to rely on previously measured data. These datasets could be used for tissue discrimination. The second method describes the simulation of the spatial sensitivity distribution of an electrode layout. Two singularity analysis methods were employed to determine the bulk of the sensitivity within a finite volume, which in turn enables consistent 3D visualization. The modeled electrode layout consists of 12 electrodes radially placed around a hypodermic needle. Electrical excitation was simulated using two neighboring electrodes for current carriage and voltage pickup, which resulted in 12 distinct bipolar excitation states. Both, the impedance simulations and the respective singularity analysis methods were compared with each other. The results show that the statistical spread of impedances is highly dependent on the tissue type and its inhomogeneities. The bounded bulk of sensitivities of both methods are of similar extent and symmetry. Future models should incorporate more detailed tissue properties such as anisotropy or changing material properties due to tissue deformation to gain more accurate predictions.