bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cognitive behaviour therapy for adolescent offenders with mental health problems in custody
Authors: Mitchell Paul , Smedley Kirsty , Kenning Cassandra , McKee Amy , Woods Debbie , Rennie Charlotte E. , Bell Rachel V. , Aryamanesh Mitra , Dolan Mairead 
Published: August 2010

ABSTRACTMany studies have identified high levels of mental health problems among adolescents in custody and there is increasing evidence that mental health problems in this population are associated with further offending and mental health problems into adulthood. Despite recent improvements in mental health provision within custodial settings there is little evidence of structured interventions being offered or of their effectiveness being evaluated. A cognitively based intervention was developed and offered to adolescents with a variety of mental health problems in different secure settings, and the outcomes compared with a control group. Although this small‐scale study did not identify significant differences in outcomes for the two groups, both recruitment and retention in therapy were good, and potential candidates were not excluded on the basis of learning difficulties or co‐morbidity. The study demonstrated the viability of a delivering cognitively based intervention for common mental health problems within secure settings.
Determining the State of Knowledge for Implementing the Universal Protocol Recommendations: An Integrative Review of the Literature
Authors: Conrardy Julie A. , Brenek Beth , Myers Sandra 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine the current state of knowledge concerning the implementation of the Joint Commission's Universal Protocol. We conducted an integrative review of the literature through a systematic search of the National Library of Medicine (ie, PubMed) database to identify empirical and theoretical documents that discussed the implementation process for the Universal Protocol. The current state of knowledge varies from facility to facility, and we noted significant trends, gaps, and areas of concern in the implementation process. Successful implementation of the Universal Protocol has the following elements: a multidisciplinary team approach, active staff/patient participation, supportive hospital administration/leadership, and active communication that promotes a healthy work environment.
The Evolution of a Surgical Liaison Program in a Children's Hospital
Authors: Micheli Anne J. , Curran‐Campbell Sheila , Connor Linda 
Published: August 2010

AbstractSurgical liaison nurses use clear communication to provide timely reports to family members about their loved one during the time the patient is in the OR. The surgical liaison program at the Children's Hospital Boston, Massachusetts, has evolved over time. It began as nurses supervising brief family member visits to the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) and has become a program in which surgical liaison nurses work with OR and PACU staff members to access and provide patient‐specific information to families throughout the surgical time period and prepare families for extended visits to the PACU. In addition, we redesigned our surgical department by expanding its size, locating it closer to the OR and PACU, and providing more amenities to family members. A survey conducted to assess family member needs found that most people were satisfied with the services provided, and we were able to make improvements to services based on the survey feedback.
Preventing Surgically Induced Diabetes After Total Pancreatectomy via Autologous Islet Cell Reimplantation
Authors: Brendle Timothy A. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractTotal pancreatectomy may be the only treatment option that relieves pain and tissue destruction for patients with chronic pancreatitis, but this procedure causes surgically induced diabetes, which is difficult to manage because of the absence of insulin‐producing beta cells. Some patients may benefit from autologous islet cell reimplantation, a procedure that involves collecting and purifying the islets of Langerhans from the patient's own resected pancreas and reinfusing them into the patient via the portal vein. Typically, candidates for this procedure are younger adults with nondilated pancreatitis that has yet to develop into glucose intolerance. Islet cell transplantation success varies and is directly related to the quality and quantity of the patient's pancreas and the damage caused by the chronic pancreatitis.
The aesthetics of luxury fashion, body and identify formation
Authors: Venkatesh Alladi , Joy Annamma , Sherry John F. , Deschenes Jonathan 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIn this paper we theorize and empirically investigate how female consumers' attitudes and preferences relating to bodily appearance are linked to their perceptions of the aesthetics of fashion. Our theoretical work is informed by three streams of research: aesthetics of production, aesthetics of reception and aesthetic labor. These three converge to illuminate our study. Using the ZMET technique, we uncover four themes: fashion as wearable art, body and self‐identity, bodily appearance and high fashion brands, and aesthetic labor through fashion. Our focus on the aesthetics of fashion and identity formation provides a segue into the broader discussion of the growing importance of aesthetics in understanding consumer behavior.
Further observations on the genus Maronina, with descriptions of two new taxa from Thailand
Authors: KANTVILAS G. , PAPONG K. , LUMBSCH H.T. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe new species, Maronina orientalis Kantvilas & Papong, with two varieties, var. orientalis and var. corallifera Kantvilas & Papong, is described, based on material from Thailand. The genus Maronina, now containing four species, is reassessed. It is characterized by having a crustose thallus, lecanorine apothecia and polysporous asci of a modified Lecanora-type.
Partitioning the role of climate, pollution and old-growth woodland in the composition and richness of lichen epiphytes in Scotland
Authors: ELLIS Christopher J. , COPPINS Brian J. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThis paper presents a study to partition the role of three regional-scale drivers – woodland extent and continuity, pollution regime, and climatic setting – in explaining the composition and richness of lichen epiphytes in Scotland. To do this we used partial canonical correspondence analysis and multiple least squares regression, to examine lichen communities across 170 study sites. First, our results demonstrate the importance of climate in explaining species composition. This highlights the relatively clean-air environment of Scotland within a European setting, and emphasizes the important consideration of regional context in the development of bioclimatic species-response models. This result contrasts with a previous similar study which collapsed complex environmental data into summary gradients, and which therefore discounted climate as a key factor. Second, we show a functional decoupling between composition and species richness, which was optimally explained by old-growth woodland extent and pollution, and only weakly explained by climate. The difference in explanatory variables between composition and richness is a focal issue in determining the processes by which species compositional change, driven by rapid and deep climate change, may indirectly impact species richness. For example, this impact may occur through an imbalance in rates of species extinction (for sensitive range-edge species) and establishment in a fragmented landscape (for dispersal-limited colonists), though operating against the ‘stabilizing effect’ of microclimatic setting.
New species and records of the lichen genus Acanthothecis (Graphidaceae) from India
Authors: SHARMA Bharati , MAKHIJA Urmila , KHADILKAR Pradnya 
Published: August 2010

AbstractRecent revisions of the graphidaceous lichens of India have brought to light several new taxa in the family Graphidaceae. In the present study seven species of Acanthothecis are recognized from India. Three new species, viz. Acanthothecis archeri, A. celata, and A. coccinea, are described and A. nivalis, a species described earlier from the Andaman Islands, has now been recorded from the mainland. A revised key to the seven Acanthothecis species so far known from India is also presented.
First fossil record of parasitism in Devonian calcareous sponges (stromatoporoids)
Authors: ZAPALSKI MIKOŁAJ K. , HUBERT BENOÎT L. M. 
Published: August 2010

SUMMARYIntroduction. Palaeozoic calcareous sponges (stromatoporoids) are common bio-constructing fossils; they are sometimes found in association with helicoidal structures of unknown biological affinities. The interaction between the tube-forming organisms has usually been classified as commensalism. Methods. About 260 stromatoporoid skeletons from the Middle Devonian (Givetian) of the Mont d'Haurs section near Givet (Champagne-Ardenne, France) were thin-sectioned and analysed under transmitted light. Results. Approximately 10% of the examined stromatoporoids (mainly belonging to the genera Actinostroma, Stromatopora and Stromatoporella) contain tubes classified as Torquaysalpinx sp. The Torquaysalpinx organisms penetrated the skeletons of stromatoporoids in vivo (as evidenced by skeletal overgrowths); around the infesting organisms, growth bands are bent down. Conclusion. Diminished growth rates around the infesting organism demonstrate a negative influence on the host, similar to that seen in the modern demosponge–polychaete association of Verongia–Haplosyllis. This is demonstrated by changes in growth bands. As in the above-mentioned association, the endosymbiont might have been feeding directly upon the tissues of the host. The Torquaysalpinx organisms were gaining habitat and possibly also food resources – for them this interaction was clearly positive. This long-term association can therefore be classified as parasitism. This is the first evidence for parasitism in Palaeozoic sponges.
Contrasting patterns of deficits in visuospatial memory and executive function in patients with major depression with and without ECT referral
Authors: Tsaltas E. , Kalogerakou S. , Papakosta V.-M. , Kontis D. , Theochari E. , Koutroumpi M. , Anyfandi E. , Michopoulos I. , Poulopoulou C. , Papadimitriou G. , Oulis P. 
Published: August 2010

BackgroundThe pretreatment neuropsychological profile of drug-resistant patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) referred for electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) may differ from that of their drug-respondent MDD counterparts. Such differences could help in identifying distinct MDD subtypes, thus offering insights into the neuropathology underlying differential treatment responses.MethodDepressed patients with ECT referral (ECTs), depressed patients with no ECT referral (NECTs) and non-psychiatric Controls (matched groups,n=15) were assessed with memory and executive function tests from the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB).ResultsECTs scored significantly lower than NECTs in the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE;p=0.01). NECTs performed worse than Controls in the Paired Associates Learning (PAL) task (p<0.03; Control/NECTp<0.01) and the Spatial Recognition Memory (SRM) task (p<0.05; Controls/NECTsp<0.05); ECTs performed between Controls and NECTs, not differing from either. In the Intra/Extradimensional (IED) set-shifting task, ECTs performed worse that Controls and NECTS (IED:p<0.01; Controls/ECTsp<0.01), particularly in the shift phases, which suggests reduced attentional flexibility. In Stockings of Cambridge (SOC), ECTs abandoned the test early more often than Controls and NECTs (H=11,p<0.01) but ECTs who completed SOC performed comparably to the other two groups.ConclusionsA double dissociation emerged from the comparison of cognitive profiles of ECT and NECT patients. ECTs showed executive deficits, particularly in attentional flexibility, but mild deficits in tests of visuospatial memory. NECTs presented the opposite pattern. This suggests predominantly frontostriatal involvement in ECTversustemporal involvement in NECT depressives.
Multi-objective pairwise RNA sequence alignment
Authors: Taneda Akito 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
Motivation: With an increase in the number of known biological functions of non-coding RNAs, the importance of RNA sequence alignment has risen. RNA sequence alignment problem has been investigated by many researchers as a mono-objective optimization problem where contributions from sequence similarity and secondary structure are taken into account through a single objective function. Since there is a trade-off between these two objective functions, usually we cannot obtain a single solution that has both the best sequence similarity score and the best structure score simultaneously. Multi-objective optimization is a widely used framework for the optimization problems with conflicting objective functions. So far, no one has examined how good alignments we can obtain by applying multi-objective optimization to structural RNA sequence alignment problem.
Results: We developed a pairwise RNA sequence alignment program, Cofolga2mo, based on multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA). We tested Cofolga2mo with a benchmark dataset which includes sequence pairs with a wide range of sequence identity, and we obtained at most 100 alignments for each inputted RNA sequence pair as an approximate set of weak Pareto optimal solutions. We found that the alignments in the approximate set give benchmark results comparable to those obtained by the state-of-the-art mono-objective RNA alignment algorithms. Moreover, we found that our algorithm is efficient in both time and memory usage compared to the other methods.
Availability: Our MOGA programs for structural RNA sequence alignment can be downloaded at http://rna.eit.hirosaki-u.ac.jp/cofolga2mo/
Contact: taneda@cc.hirosaki-u.ac.jp
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
PSExplorer: whole parameter space exploration for molecular signaling pathway dynamics
Authors: Tung Thai Quang , Lee Doheon 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
Motivation: Mathematical models of biological systems often have a large number of parameters whose combinational variations can yield distinct qualitative behaviors. Since it is intractable to examine all possible combinations of parameters for non-trivial biological pathways, it is required to have a systematic strategy to explore the parameter space in a computational way so that dynamic behaviors of a given pathway are estimated.
Results: We present PSExplorer, a computational tool for exploring qualitative behaviors and key parameters of molecular signaling pathways. Utilizing the Latin hypercube sampling and a clustering technique in a recursive paradigm, the software enables users to explore the whole parameter space of the models to search for robust qualitative behaviors. The parameter space is partitioned into sub-regions according to behavioral differences. Sub-regions showing robust behaviors can be identified for further analyses. The partitioning result presents a tree structure from which individual and combinational effects of parameters on model behaviors can be assessed and key factors of the models are readily identified.
Availability: The software, tutorial manual and test models are available for download at the following address: http://gto.kaist.ac.kr/∼psexplorer
Contact: tqtung@kaist.ac.kr; tqtung@gmail.com
The CoFactor database: organic cofactors in enzyme catalysis
Authors: Fischer Julia D. , Holliday Gemma L. , Thornton Janet M. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
Motivation: Organic enzyme cofactors are involved in many enzyme reactions. Therefore, the analysis of cofactors is crucial to gain a better understanding of enzyme catalysis. To aid this, we have created the CoFactor database.
Results: CoFactor provides a web interface to access hand-curated data extracted from the literature on organic enzyme cofactors in biocatalysis, as well as automatically collected information. CoFactor includes information on the conformational and solvent accessibility variation of the enzyme-bound cofactors, as well as mechanistic and structural information about the hosting enzymes.
Availability: The database is publicly available and can be accessed at http://www.ebi.ac.uk/thornton-srv/databases/CoFactor
Contact: julia.fischer@ebi.ac.uk
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Unilateral periorchitis with a secondary peritonitis in a Standardbred stallion
Authors: Kinsley M. A. , Doran R. E. , Poulin Braim A. E. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryA 6‐year‐old Standardbred stallion presented for evaluation of progressive diffuse scrotal swelling of 5 days' duration. Physical examination was within normal limits apart from pitting ventral oedema and severely enlarged fluid filled scrotum. Rectal examination did not reveal any abnormalities in the palpable intestinal tract, spleen, kidneys or internal inguinal rings. Testicular ultrasound examination showed evidence of abnormal right testicular parenchyma that was displaced proximally by a heteroechoic region of possible abscessation. The left testis was surrounded by a large amount of hypoechoic fluid. Abdominocentesis was performed and was indicative of peritonitis. Broad‐spectrum antimicrobials and analgesics were administered preoperatively and a bilateral open orchidectomy with closure of the external inguinal ring in addition to scrotal ablation was performed. Post operative peritoneal lavage was performed once a day for 3 days. There were no complications associated with recovery or within the immediate post operative period. The horse was released to the care of his owners 5 days following surgery and has returned to his previous racing performance level.
Attitudes of special foster parents and residential staff towards children
Authors: COLTON MATTHEW 
Published: August 2010

SummaryThis paper compares the attitudes of special foster parents and residential staff towards children in their care. The exercise was carried out as part of a comparative study of care practice in ‘special’ foster homes (accommodating children traditionally considered too old or difficult for fostering) and ordinary community or children's homes. Overall, care practice in the foster homes was significantly more child oriented than in the children's homes. This finding cannot, however, be explained in terms of attitudinal differences between foster parents and staff. Staff attitudes generally appeared more conducive to the provision of child oriented care than those of the foster parents.
Electrophoretic variants of aspartate aminotransferase and adductor muscle proteins in the native oyster (Ostrea lurida)
Authors: Johnson Allyn G. , Utter Fred M. , Niggol Karl 
Published: August 2010

SummarySix phenotypes of aspartate aminotransferase (AAT) and three phenotypes of adductor muscle protein were found in extracts of the native oyster (Ostrea lurida) by starch gel electrophoresis. The AAT phenotypes were presumed to be genetic variants under the control of three allelic genes (A, B, C) and the muscle protein phenotypes under the control of a two‐allele system (A and B).
Isozyme activities in the domestic cat (Felis catus)
Authors: Kohn Peter H. , Tamarin Robert H. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryHorizontal starch‐gel electrophoresis was performed on domestic cat blood and stained for 6‐phosphogluconic dehydrogenase (6‐PGD), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and tetrazolium oxidase. A polymorphism was found for 6‐PGD; LDH and tetrazolium oxidase were monomorphic. These systems were tested on cats of English, Mexican and American origin.
Serum alkaline phosphatase polymorphism in pigs1
Authors: Kierek‐Jaszczuk Danuta , Zurkowski Maciej , Skfadanowska‐Krzyzanowska Elzbieta , Tomaszewska‐Guszkiewicz Krystyna 
Published: August 2010

SummaryGenetic variants of serum alkaline phosphatase were studied by the method of starch gel electrophoresis in the Zlotnicka Pstra breed of pigs. Two regions of alkaline phosphatase migration were observed. A single fraction in region I and four different phenotypes: AB, B, BC and BD in region II, were found. For AB, B and BC phenotypes the genetic control by three alleles AkpA, AkpB and AkpC in suggested. The observed segregation ratios in some cases deviated significantly from the expected ones.
Blood protein polymorphism in the one‐humped camel (Camelus dromedarius) in the Sudan
Authors: Elamin F. M. , Saha N. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryThe blood protein polymorphism of serum albumin, haptoglobin, transferrin, ceruloplasmin and haemoglobin have been studied in 135 samples from one‐humped Arabian camel (Camelus dromedarius) of the Sudan by starch gel electrophoresis. Only the serum albumin and haptoglobin systems exhibited polymorphism with the estimated frequencies of 0.0222, 0.2227 and 0.7773 for Albv, Hp1Hp0respectively. The frequency of Hp was 0.0325. No electrophoretic variant was observed at transferrin, ceruloplasmin and haemoglobin loci in the camel. The activity of the ceruloplasmin of the camel sera was weak.
Clinical effects of probiotics are associated with increased interferon‐γ responses in very young children with atopic dermatitis
Authors: Prescott S. L. , Dunstan J. A. , Hale J. , Breckler L. , Lehmann H. , Weston S. , Richmond P. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryBackground
We recently demonstrated that administration of probiotics resulted in significant clinical improvement in very young children with moderate‐to‐severe atopic dermatitis (AD). The purpose of this study was to determine the underlying immunological effects that are associated with these apparent clinical benefits.Methods
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated from children (n=53) at baseline and at the end of an 8‐week supplementation period during which they received a probiotic (Lactobacillus fermentum PCC™) (n=26) or a placebo (n=27). A further sample was collected at 16 weeks (8 weeks after ceasing the supplement). Cytokine (IL‐5, IL‐6, IL‐10, IL‐13, IFN‐γ and TNF‐α) responses to allergens (egg ovalbumin (OVA), beta lactoglobulin (BLG), house dust mite (HDM)), vaccines (tetanus toxoid (TT)), diphtheria toxoid (DT)), intestinal flora (heat‐killed Lactobacillus (HKLB)), heat‐killed Staphylococcus aureus (HKSA), Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B (SEB) and mitogen (phytohaemaglutinin (PHA)) were compared.Results
The administration of probiotics was associated with a significant increase in T‐helper type 1(Th1‐type) cytokine IFN‐γ responses to PHA and SEB at the end of the supplementation period (week 8: P=0.004 and 0.046) as well as 8 weeks after ceasing supplementation (week 16: P=0.005 and 0.021) relative to baseline levels of response. No significant changes were seen in the placebo group. The increase in IFN‐γ responses to SEB was directly proportional to the decrease in the severity of AD (r=−0.445, P=0.026) over the intervention period. At the end of the supplementation period (week 8) children receiving probiotics showed significantly higher TNF‐α responses to HKLB (P=0.018) and HKSA (P=0.011) but this was no longer evident when supplementation ceased (week 16). Although IL‐13 responses to OVA were significantly reduced in children receiving probiotics after 8 weeks (P=0.008), there were no other effects on allergen‐specific responses, and this effect was not sustained after ceasing supplementation (week 16). There were no effects on vaccine‐specific responses, or on responses to any of the stimuli assessed.Conclusion
The improvement in AD severity with probiotic treatment was associated with significant increases in the capacity for Th1 IFN‐γ responses and altered responses to skin and enteric flora. This effect was still evident 2 months after the supplementation was ceased. The lack of consistent effects on allergen‐specific responses suggests that the effects of probiotics may be mediated through other independent pathways, which need to be explored further.