bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are there different profiles of wine tourists? An initial approach
Authors: Marzo‐Navarro Mercedes , Pedraja‐Iglesias Marta 
Published: November 2010

PurposeWine tourism is emerging as a lucrative sector, with the capacity to generate growing and long‐lasting tourism. Despite Spain's tourism and wine potential, wine tourism is scarcely developed. In order to develop it strategically, it is necessary to know both the real and potential customers of this tourism. The purpose of this paper is to ask, who is the wine tourist and how is he or she different from other visitors to a destination?Design/methodology/approachThe objective of this study is to determine the existence of a group of wine tourists who are clearly differentiated from those tourists who have never participated in wine tourism. If such a group exists, the study attempts to determine the type of wine tourists existing in our country.FindingsThis study endeavours to provide knowledge about the differences between those individuals who have never participated in wine tourism and those who have. Moreover, the profile of a wine tourist can be divided into two groups, thereby considering the variables of gender, age, wine consumption habits and involvement in activities related to wine.Practical implicationsThe effect that wine tourism can have in the area where it is developed means that we must increase our knowledge of wine tourists. The determination of the types of wine tourists and their tastes, desires, preferences, etc. will help to develop suitable marketing strategies.Originality/valueThis paper constitutes one of the first approaches at segmenting wine tourists in Spain.
Skilled Egyptian diaspora contributions to Egypt
Authors: Mehrez Dina , Hamdy Hadia 
Published: November 2010

PurposeThe study aims to learn of the contributions of the skilled Egyptian diaspora to the development of Egypt; to understand how these contributions differ according to their characteristics; and to discover obstacles and incentives to these contributions in the areas of investment, entrepreneurship, and return migration.Design/methodology/approachA total of 384 skilled Egyptian diasporans were surveyed online using a snowball sampling technique. Data were analyzed through frequency analyses, crosstabulations, and chi‐square statistics.FindingsThe skilled Egyptian diaspora did make some contributions to Egypt; especially in technology transfer, entrepreneurship, return migration, remittances, and charity. However, their potential is not fully utilized. Contributions of the diaspora differed according to their age, industry, and prior work in Egypt. Government bureaucracy, unfair competition, and lack of innovation acted as obstacles to diaspora engagement, while the attractiveness of the Egyptian market, availability of labor, and the Egyptian culture acted as incentives.Research limitations/implicationsThe use of a non‐probability sample poses challenges to the generalizability of the results. The use of questionnaires meant that more in‐depth analysis was not possible to obtain.Practical implicationsGovernment reform, market stimulation, and better outreach programs are needed for further diaspora mobilization.Originality/valueNot enough research has been conducted to gauge the effect of the diaspora in Egypt even though they represent an important development opportunity for the country.
25 years of retailing; 25 years of change? Reflecting on the position of women managers
Authors: Broadbridge Adelina 
Published: November 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to reflect on the gender composition of retail management and various issues in the careers of women managers during the last 25 years, a time period that has been transformational in many ways for UK retailing.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based on empirical research from the last 25 years.FindingsFindings indicate that progress of women in retail management positions has been slow and they are still under‐represented at senior levels of UK companies. Barriers to women's ascension to senior management positions persist, and can be broadly related to the traditional division of labour, and organisational cultural norms and values which uphold deep‐rooted stereotypes and promote intransigent modes of working.Practical implicationsThe gendered assumption of the male model and male leader as the ideal retail manager needs to be challenged further, and embedded cultural norms and outdated attitudes towards women in retail organisations require to be further challenged. Informal and implicit organisational practices and patterns of behaviour need to change so as to be inclusive of all workers not just men.Originality/valueThe paper highlights issues that continue to be problematic for women in the retail management hierarchy.
Exploring the relationship between socio‐cultural factors and tourist satisfaction
Authors: Yadav Shachi , Bandyopadhyay Rumki , Rasul Gulam , Rawal Anudeep 
Published: November 2010

PurposeThe paper aims to explore the impact of socio‐cultural factors on pilgrimage tourism at Lotus Temple. This study also seeks to investigate the relationship of socio‐cultural factors with the satisfaction level of tourists.Design/methodology/approachThis study is based on questionnaire analysis from 196 respondents. The research approach is a mixed method comprising exploratory and descriptive research. The paper discusses the strengths of the Lotus Temple and challenges faced by the tourists.FindingsIt was found that travel motivations differ between foreign and domestic tourists. The study also demonstrates that socio‐cultural factors have a bearing on the overall satisfaction of tourists.Practical implicationsThe results have implications for the development of a structured approach, to create a superior experience of the tourist at the Lotus Temple. The level of satisfaction and perception of socio‐cultural factors are critical issues, in making the pilgrimage an attractive tourist destination. This study illustrates that, the tourist's perception of socio‐cultural factors play a significant role on tourist satisfaction.Originality/valueThe paper contributes to an understanding of the factors affecting tourism at the Lotus Temple. This paper also offers a contribution to the varied perspectives on tourism in relation to socio‐cultural factors and levels of satisfaction.
The marketing discipline comes of age, 1934‐1936
Authors: Witkowski Terrence H. 
Published: November 2010

PurposeThe marketing field established important institutions – college courses, teachable texts, professional associations, and regular conferences – during the first three decades of the twentieth century, but did not fully mature as a scholarly discipline until the first specialized journals were launched in the mid‐1930s. The aim of this paper is to better understand the marketing discipline during this crucial formative period, especially the structure, presentation, and content of marketing knowledge.Design/methodology/approachThe primary sources are The American Marketing Journal and the National Marketing Review, the two predecessor journals that combined to form Journal of Marketing in 1936. They are examined for publishing data and content areas, article format and authorship, and the topics and methods constituting marketing knowledge.FindingsThe scholarship published in the first marketing journals was written by single authors who only infrequently cited other works. A wide range of topics were explored with much attention given to issues of marketing and society. Marketing writers considered their field a science and showed confidence in it despite dire environmental conditions.Originality/valueThe primary sources examined have been all but forgotten and deserve to be revisited. The research investigates not only the texts themselves, but the people who wrote them, their professional biographies and associational activities, and the larger academic and social environments of their time.
Doctoral seminars in marketing theory
Authors: Hunt Shelby D. 
Published: November 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to argue for including historical perspectives in doctoral seminars in marketing theory.Design/methodology/approachThe paper describes how marketing history is currently incorporated into the author's doctoral seminar in marketing theory.FindingsThe author's doctoral seminar in marketing theory incorporates history in three ways: the assignment of specific historical articles, the use of historically oriented, supplementary readings, and the use of history to examine specific controversies.Originality/valueRather than marketing history and marketing theory being competitors, they complement each other well in doctoral seminars.
Future urban‐rural relationship in China: comparison in a global context
Authors: Li Yuheng , Westlund Hans , Cars Göran 
Published: November 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to make a general comparison between urban‐rural relationship in China and that in the developed countries, aiming to draw some experiences based on which future tendencies of urban‐rural relationship in China could be predicted.Design/methodology/approachThe core analysis of this paper examines how the urban‐rural relationship develops especially when urbanization rate reaches a very high level. Through literature review, this paper explores the evolution of urban‐rural relationship in developed nations by referring to some international cities in different industrial stages. In parallel, it goes through this relationship in China from 1949 until now.FindingsThis paper shows that future urbanization development in China will be generated largely by rural‐urban migration especially the eastern‐inclined migration while rural industrialization‐lead urbanization would develop at the provincial level. It also points that education and training to the labor force is the crucial issue to future urbanization development in China.Originality/valueThe obvious value of this paper is to predict, through a historical review and comparison, urban‐rural relationship in China when it is approaching to high urbanization level. Literature review finds some experiences in developed countries that will somehow take place in China. It also analyzes the eastern‐oriented rural‐urban migration, rural industrialization and their influence on urban‐rural relationship in China.
Estimating and analysing cost efficiency of sawmill industries in Nigeria
Authors: Ogundari Kolawole 
Published: November 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine cost efficiency and its determinants in Nigerian sawmill industries.Design/methodology/approachA stochastic frontier model is employed on a total of 160 mills randomly selected across five states in south‐western Nigeria in 2006.FindingsThe results show an estimated average cost efficiency of 1.262. This suggests that an average mill incurs about 26 per cent costs above the frontier cost when processing planks from logs. Further analysis indicates that a significant level of cost ineffisciency is present in Nigeria's sawmilling industry. Analysis of determinants of cost efficiency reveals that more years of education, experience, age, and level of capital investment reduce cost inefficiencies between 7 and 16 per cent. Sawmill operation is found to be associated with economies of scale in the study area.Originality/valueThe paper contributes to existing studies on the efficiency of sawmill industries in Nigeria by taking a holistic assessment of the industry from a cost perspective.
Biofuels, food security and compensatory subsidies
Authors: Sant'ana de Camargo Barros Geraldo , Rogerio Aparecido Alves Lucilio , Osaki Mauro 
Published: November 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between food security and cleaner energy and evaluate the financial viability of both ethanol and biodiesel productions in Southern Brazil, the current battleground region among food, ethanol and biodiesel. Southeastern Brazil was chosen to carry the analyses because that is the current battleground region for food, ethanol and biodiesel.Design/methodology/approachThe analyses to be carried out encompass the following steps: evaluate the investment needs for the ethanol and biodiesel programs in Southeast Brazil; gather information on financial costs, converting them to economic costs to evaluate the economic desirability of the programs; evaluate the possible subsidy needed to fulfill the programs' goals; and evaluate the biofuel‐food tradeoff under some different scenarios.FindingsThe conclusion is that Brazil, despite being the most efficient producer of ethanol, may very well be forced to use compensatory subsidies for ethanol production if the USA persists in imposing importing tariffs on that Brazilian commodity. On food security matters, the production of ethanol has to compete with beef production, whose prices present a rising trend because of strong demand in emerging countries. For the same reason biodiesel becomes less viable the stronger the demand for vegetable oil.Originality/valueThe competition among these three alternative uses of natural resources will become tougher in the coming decades as, on the one hand, consumption of food and energy increases at high rates. Developed countries, on the other hand, continue to be heavy polluters and at the same time create all sorts of obstacles to the expansion of food and clean energy production elsewhere.
Clean energy policies for China: the case of ethanol
Authors: Fava Neves Marcos 
Published: November 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to discuss the need of sustainability in its three major pillars for the future: profit, planet and people. Actions for companies and governments are listed, and a more in‐depth discussion is performed towards one of the most viable clean and renewable fuels used by society until nowadays, ethanol. The basics of this industry, the experience of Brazil in 40 years of usage of this fuel to the car fleet and recent developments are raised.Design/methodology/approachTraditional case study methodology is used to focus the analysis on the sugarcane industry in Brazil. This case study of this industry, together with previous projects done in 15 years of experience in this industry, is used to reach the objective of showing how this integrated chain works and addressing the importance of ethanol as an energy alternative for China.FindingsChina can start adopting an E10 policy (10 percent of anhydrous ethanol blended to gasoline) to contribute to reduce transport pollution in major cities. In order to have ethanol, China may invest more in the country to produce ethanol from cane and from cellulosic sources. Instead of importing oil, substitute part of its imports and consumption towards ethanol, bringing a clean fuel to the country to be blended with gasoline. China can also develop second generation ethanol to be used and generate jobs and invest in producing ethanol in some African countries and even invest in ethanol production in Brazil and import to China.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper is a suggestion of policies, based on the experience of Brazil. Further debate should be done to deepen the analysis of all possible points listed. It is based on a case study of one industry.Practical implicationsThere is a preliminary suggestion of policies and strategies for the Chinese Government, together with possible partnership models and benefits to society.Social implicationsChina can reduce dependencies on oil and on some unstable environments; generate jobs and employment; increase relationship with Brazil and African nations, which will be future suppliers of food also to China; reduce pollution in large cities, improving the quality of the air; possibilities of international investments for Chinese people and companies, making profits outside China and repatriating this resources and contribution to mitigate climate change over the world.Originality/valueThe paper brings to Chinese community information about one of the most competitive bioenergy programs on the world and suggests possible ways of partnering towards sustainable development.
Financial globalization: a macroeconomic angle
Authors: Das Dilip K. 
Published: November 2010

PurposeThe objective of this paper is to provide a macroeconomic assessment of the impact of global financial integration over the economies that are undergoing financial integration.Design/methodology/approachThe paper focuses on several issues. It begins with examining the evidence whether financial globalization elevates growth performance of the integrating economy and supports it macroeconomic stability. It takes a nuanced view and divides the impact of financial integration into direct and indirect benefits. Second, it scrutinizes whether there are some threshold conditions, that is, in their presence and with their support, financial globalization underpins growth and stability of the capital importing economy and in their absence it cannot. Third, it delves into the oft‐cited allegation of financial globalization being a source of macroeconomic volatility and eventually financial crises. Fourth, as the evidence that emerged regarding ability of financial globalization to underpin growth was unambiguous. Policy mandarins' options are examined.FindingsThe paper finds that from a theoretical perspective, it is easy to state that integration of financial markets an potentially faster growth. Whether it happens in reality is a different matter.Originality/valueThe paper explores a new theme. While there are many relevant themes in financial globalization, the author has not seen any article on this theme and this paper may well be the first.
Comparative service quality system analysis using the Six Sigma benchmark
Authors: Etienne Eisenhower C. 
Published: November 2010

PurposeThis paper aims to show that the extent to which convergence/divergence of a company's quality policies and practices towards/away from those of Six Sigma benchmark policies and practices mirror and anticipate the divergence of its sigma metric (SMs) from quantitative Six Sigma benchmarks. Further, the paper proposes to evaluate the robustness of the quality processes of these three companies and to compare them to that of the Six Sigma benchmark by subjecting these processes to the twin performance shocks of the benchmark Six Sigma 1.5σ allowance for process drift and a 25 percent tightening of customer requirements.Design/methodology/approachUsing a novel methodology more appropriate to the critical quality characteristics of typical service industry companies, the paper computes a set of SMs for each company that is richer and broader than the metrics found in standard Six Sigma tables. This new methodology is based on the empirically observed defect rates that are currently being generated by a service process. Further, based on the available empirical data, the paper compared these metrics to the Six Sigma benchmarks.FindingsFirst, the paper shows that it is possible to compute a broad array of Six Sigma metrics for service businesses based on defect rate data. Second, the results confirm the central proposition of the research to the effect that the divergence/convergence of the qualitative characteristics of a company's quality system from benchmark Six Sigma policies and practices mirror and anticipate the convergence/divergence of the company's quality metrics from the Six Sigma benchmark. Third, the research produced the unanticipated result that the quantitative quality performance of high‐performing service businesses on the Six Sigma metrics are much lower than anticipated and below what is normally achieved by their manufacturing counterparts. The results were also used to do an evaluation of the Taguchi robustness of service processes.Originality/valueFirst, the paper demonstrates that traditional Six Sigma computational methodology for generating Six Sigma metrics that is prevalent in manufacturing applies equally to service businesses. Second, the parallel convergence of the qualitative characteristics of a company's quality system towards Six Sigma practices and its quantitative metrics towards the Six Sigma benchmark means that primacy must be given to quality practices as the drivers of quality improvement. Third, the fact that high‐performing service businesses achieve Six Sigma measures that are so low compared to their manufacturing counterparts seems to point either to some key measurement challenges in deploying Six Sigma in service industries or to the need to further change Six Sigma methodology to make it more applicable to these businesses.
Accrediting informal learning: drivers, challenges and HE responses
Authors: Skinner Heather , Blackey Haydn , Green Peter J. 
Published: November 2010

PurposeHigher education institutions (HEIs) can face barriers implementing the accreditation of informal learning, despite many institutions having developed policies and strategies to embed employability and skills. The purpose of this paper is to present the case of the institutional response of one HEI when dealing with the various drivers and challenges faced when accrediting informal learning at higher levels.Design/methodology/approachThe case study approach was adopted as this method allowed for in‐depth qualitative enquiry into a contemporary phenomenon in a real‐life context.FindingsThe paper finds that by designing a shell framework incorporating module outlines and a toolkit of support materials for various stakeholder groups, HEIs may overcome many of the implementation problems often associated with HE accreditation of informal higher level learning.Practical implicationsThis framework and toolkit approach could help other HEIs better enable the wider accreditation and embedding of work‐based learning within HE, which is deemed so important in facilitating the achievement of UK Government targets for 40 per cent of UK adults to gain a qualification at Level 4 or above in the next ten years. This is also a particular issue for Wales, dealing with its own skills agenda in response to specific skills gaps needed to ensure the sustainable future of the Welsh economy.Originality/valueWhile a limited number of HEIs have adopted a framework approach to the accreditation of work‐based learning, this paper addresses the issues in a regional context, as the framework and toolkit presented is the first of its kind to be articulated for the Welsh skills agenda by a Welsh HEI.