bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical features of non‐hypertensive lobar intracerebral hemorrhage related to cerebral amyloid angiopathy
Authors: Hirohata M. , Yoshita M. , Ishida C. , Ikeda S. I. , Tamaoka A. , Kuzuhara S. , Shoji M. , Ando Y. , Tokuda T. , Yamada M. 
Published: February 2010

Background and purpose: The present study aims to clarify the clinical features of non‐hypertensive cerebral amyloid angiopathy‐related lobar intracerebral hemorrhage (CAA‐L‐ICH).Methods: We investigated clinical, laboratory, and neuroimaging findings in 41 patients (30, women; 11, men) with pathologically supported CAA‐L‐ICH from 303 non‐hypertensive Japanese patients aged ≥55, identified via a nationwide survey as symptomatic CAA‐L‐ICH.Results: The mean age of patients at onset of CAA‐L‐ICH was 73.2 ± 7.4 years; the number of patients increased with age. The corrected female‐to‐male ratio for the population was 2.2, with significant female predominance. At onset, 7.3% of patients received anti‐platelet therapy. In brain imaging studies, the actual frequency of CAA‐L‐ICHs was higher in the frontal and parietal lobes; however, after correcting for the estimated cortical volume, the parietal lobe was found to be the most frequently affected. CAA‐L‐ICH recurred in 31.7% of patients during the average 35.3‐month follow‐up period. The mean interval between intracerebral hemorrhages (ICHs) was 11.3 months. The case fatality rate was 12.2% at 1 month and 19.5% at 12 months after initial ICH. In 97.1% of patients, neurosurgical procedures were performed without uncontrollable intraoperative or post‐operative hemorrhage.Conclusions: Our study revealed the clinical features of non‐hypertensive CAA‐L‐ICH, including its parietal predilection, which will require further study with a larger number of patients with different ethnic backgrounds.
Changes in nutritional status and body composition during enzyme replacement therapy in adult‐onset type II glycogenosis
Authors: Ravaglia S. , Danesino C. , Moglia A. , Costa A. , Cena H. , Maccarini L. , Carlucci A. , Pichiecchio A. , Bini P. , De Filippi P. , Rossi M. 
Published: February 2010

Background:  In adult glycogen storage disease type II (GSDII), a single‐gene mutation causes reduction of the lysosomal enzyme acid alpha‐glucosidse. This produces a chronic proximal myopathy with respiratory involvement. Enzyme replacement treatment (ERT) has recently become available and is expected to improve muscle strength. This should result in increased lean body mass. In this study we evaluate body composition and nutritional status in GSDII, and assess whether these parameters changed during treatment.Methods:  Seventeen patients with late‐onset GSDII, aged 52.6 ± 16.8 years, received ERT for >18 months. Dietary habits and metabolic profiles of glucids, lipids, and proteins were assessed. Body composition was calculated using anthropometry and bioelectrical impedence analysis.Results:  On inclusion, we found increased fat mass (FM) in five patients in severe disease stage; all had normal body mass index (BMI). FM correlated inversely, and lean mass (LM) directly, with creatine kinase, prealbumin and albumin levels. After treatment, BMI and FM significantly increased, while LM only showed a trend toward increase. Prealbumin and albumin levels increased as early as after the first months of ERT.Discussion:  Body mass index value may underestimate FM in patients in severe stage of disease, due to altered body composition. In severely affected patients, laboratory parameters revealed a relative protein malnutrition, that was reversed by ERT, this reflecting restoration of normal muscle metabolic pathways. Increased BMI may indicate a reduction in energy consumption during exercise or respiration, along with clinical improvement.
Prevalence of depression in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and other motor disorders
Authors: Taylor L. , Wicks P. , Leigh P. N. , Goldstein L. H. 
Published: February 2010

Background:  Research suggests the prevalence of severe depression in ALS is <20%. In contrast, studies have reported that severe depression affects 40–50% of patients with other neurodegenerative motor conditions (e.g. multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease and Huntington’s disease). The comparison with such disorders has generated a clinical impression that patients with ALS have surprisingly low rates of depression. However, comparisons with such disorders do not take into account the markedly different pathological, physical and behavioural profiles associated with these disorders. To assess further the extent to which ALS is associated with a low prevalence of depression, we compared the prevalence of depression in patients with ALS to that in patients with neuromuscular disorders with more comparable disease profiles.Methods:  The Beck Depression Inventory‐II (BDI‐II), the Major Depression Inventory (MDI), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the ALS Functional Rating Scale‐Revised were sent to 212 patients from a tertiary referral Motor Nerve Clinic in London, UK.Results:  Data were obtained from 51 people with ALS and 39 with other neuromuscular disorders. The non‐ALS group included patients diagnosed with disorders that are characterized by motor neurone dysfunction and/or a decline in everyday function. Analyses revealed no between‐group differences on severity and prevalence rates of depression according to the BDI‐II, HADS Depression Subscale and MDI.Conclusions:  Our findings do not support the impression that patients with ALS have lower rates of depression than patients with other varied neuromuscular disorders.
Governing Ourselves: Citizen Participation and Governance in Barcelona and Manchester
Authors: BLAKELEY GEORGINA 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBarcelona and Manchester have become paradigmatic examples of ‘governance‐beyond‐the‐state’, ‘new localism’ or ‘local state entrepreneurialism’. Whatever the label, citizen participation has become a key feature of governance in each city. This article argues that a useful way of understanding the developing relationship between governance and citizen participation is through the analytical perspective of governmentality. This perspective illuminates two paradoxes that characterize the new governance arrangements in these two European cities. The first paradox is that the power of the state is not necessarily diminished despite the emerging plurality of actors involved in governance. The second paradox lies in the fact that the spread of participatory practices as an integral element of new modes of governance does not necessarily lead to citizen empowerment.Résumé Barcelone et Manchester sont désormais des exemples paradigmatiques de ‘gouvernance au‐delà de l’État’, de ‘nouveau localisme’ ou d’‘entrepreneurialisme de l’État local’. Quelle que soit l’étiquette, la participation citoyenne est devenue un trait caractéristique de la gouvernance de chaque ville. Pour comprendre le lien qui se tisse entre gouvernance et participation citoyenne, on adoptera avec profit la perspective analytique de la gouvernementalité. En effet, celle‐ci éclaire deux paradoxes propres aux nouveaux dispositifs de gouvernance dans ces deux villes européennes: le premier paradoxe est que la puissance de l’État n’est pas forcément diminuée malgré la multiplication des acteurs impliqués dans la gouvernance; le second tient au fait que la propagation des pratiques participatives, en tant que composante des nouveaux modes de gouvernance, ne conduit pas forcément à une autonomie accrue des habitants.
Discrete–continuous analysis of optimal equipment replacement
Authors: Yatsenko Yuri , Hritonenko Natali 
Published: February 2010

AbstractIn operations research, the equipment replacement process is usually modeled in discrete time. An alternative approach is represented by continuous‐time vintage capital models that explicitly involve the equipment lifetime and are described by nonlinear integral equations. The paper introduces and analyzes a model that unites both these approaches. The structure of optimal replacement, transition, and long‐term dynamics, and clustering and splitting of replaced machines are discussed and illustrated with numeric examples. Equipment splitting is demonstrated when the optimal equipment lifetime increases.
An Australian and New Zealand survey of practice of the use of oxytocin at elective caesarean section
Authors: MOCKLER Joanne C. , MURPHY Deirdre J. , WALLACE Euan M. 
Published: February 2010

Background:  The use of oxytocin to prevent postpartum haemorrhage at elective caesarean section is largely based on evidence derived from vaginal births. Overseas studies indicate wide variation in practice with regard to specific doses of oxytocin administered at caesarean section. No such surveys have been undertaken in Australia or New Zealand.Aims:  To survey and report Australian and New Zealand practice regarding oxytocin administration at elective caesarean section.Methods:  A structured questionnaire was posted to Fellows of the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists resident in Australia and New Zealand.Results:  One thousand five hundred and forty‐seven questionnaires were distributed, of which 890 (58%) were returned. Of these, 700 Fellows, 600 from Australia and 100 from New Zealand, currently practiced obstetrics. Almost all Fellows, 686 (98%), reported that they administered an oxytocin bolus at elective caesarean section, most commonly 10 IU (n = 460) or 5 IU (n = 220). The choice of bolus dose was related to country, duration and type (private or public) of practice. A majority of Fellows, 683 (98%), used an additional oxytocin infusion, either routinely or selectively. A total of 68 different regimens were reported. The single most common regimen was 40 IU oxytocin in 1000 mL administered over four hours, used by 255 Fellows (37%).Conclusions:  There are wide variations in the usage of oxytocin at elective caesarean section in Australia and New Zealand, most likely due to a lack of high level evidence to guide practice. Appropriately designed clinical trials are needed to provide evidence to support future practice.
Women who miscarry: The effectiveness and clinical utility of the Kessler 10 questionnaire in screening for ongoing psychological distress
Authors: STALLMAN Helen M. , McDERMOTT Brett M. , BECKMANN Michael M. , KAY WILSON M. , ADAM Kareen 
Published: February 2010

Background:  Early pregnancy loss has been linked to enduring psychological morbidity.Aims:  This study aimed to investigate the utility of the Kessler 10 (K10) questionnaire as a brief screening instrument to identify women at risk for the development of psychiatric diagnoses three months post‐miscarriage.Method:  Participants were 117 consecutive women presenting at a public hospital emergency department and receiving a diagnosis of miscarriage.Main outcome measures:  K10 screen for psychological distress and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM Disorders to determine psychiatric diagnoses.Results:  A majority of women (81.2%) experienced elevated levels of distress initially, 24.8% in the very high range. They were not at increased risk of psychiatric diagnoses at three months compared with the general population; however, they were significantly more likely to report subsyndromal symptoms at this time compared with the general population. The baseline K10 score was the only significant predictor of distress at follow‐up (r = 0.45, P < 0.001). The receiver operating characteristic curve shows that a cut‐off of 14 on the K10 has suitable sensitivity (97%) and specificity (82%) for predicting ongoing psychological distress in women who miscarry.Conclusions:  The K10 is effective in identifying women at risk for ensuring psychological symptoms following miscarriage.
Informing policy for the Australian context – Costs, outcomes and cost savings of prenatal carrier screening for cystic fibrosis
Authors: MAXWELL Susannah , BRAMELD Kate , YOUNGS Leanne , GEELHOED Elizabeth , O’LEARY Peter 
Published: February 2010

Aims:  To examine the costs, outcomes and cost savings of three models of prenatal cystic fibrosis (CF) carrier screening compared to no screening from a public health sector perspective.Methods:  A decision tree was generated to estimate costs and outcomes for each screening model for a hypothetical cohort of 38 000 pregnancies. Sensitivity analysis assessed the impact of model parameter variation.Results:  Under baseline assumptions, the initial annual cost to provide a prenatal CF carrier‐screening programme is Au$5.32 million, Au$3.35 million and $2.93 million for one‐step, two‐step simultaneous and two‐step sequential screening respectively. Annual costs are significantly lower for an established programme. No screening model provides a net saving over a lifetime horizon; however, the results were sensitive to variation in lifetime cost of care, screening test costs and number of pregnancies per carrier couple.Conclusions:  Under some scenarios, prenatal CF carrier screening is cost saving to the health system; however, this is not conclusive and depends on several factors. Cost remains a potential barrier due to the substantial level of funding required in the short term. Feasibility and psychosocial, ethical and legal implications of screening need to be considered. Additionally, consultation is required with the Australian community on the acceptability and/or desire for prenatal CF carrier screening.
Lifestyle factors in people seeking infertility treatment – A review
Authors: ANDERSON Kirsty , NISENBLAT Vicki , NORMAN Rob 
Published: February 2010

Background: Clinical infertility is a prevalent problem with significant financial and psychosocial costs. Modifiable lifestyle factors exist that may affect a person’s time to conception and their chance of having a healthy, live birth. However, no guideline delineates what preconception advice should be offered to people presenting for infertility treatment.Aim: The aim of this article is to review the literature regarding modifiable lifestyle factors in people seeking infertility treatment.Results: A person’s time to pregnancy and their chance of having a healthy, live birth may be affected by factors such as weight, vitamin and iodine intake, alcohol and caffeine consumption, smoking, substance abuse, stress, environmental pollutants, vaccinations and oxidative stress.Conclusions: Advice on modifiable lifestyle factors should be given to people presenting for infertility treatment to help them make positive changes that may improve their chances of pregnancy and delivering a healthy, live baby. Developing a guideline for this would be a prudent step towards helping clinicians to implement this aspect of preconception care.
MIS 3 marine and lacustrine sediments at Kriegers Flak, southwestern Baltic Sea
Authors: ANJAR JOHANNA , LARSEN NICOLAJ KROG , BJÖRCK SVANTE , ADRIELSSON LENA , FILIPSSON HELENA L. 
Published: February 2010

Anjar, J., Larsen, N. K., Björck, S., Adrielsson, L. & Filipsson, H. L. 2010: MIS 3 marine and lacustrine sediments at Kriegers Flak, southwestern Baltic Sea. Boreas, 10.1111/j.1502‐3885.2010.00139.x. ISSN 0300‐9483.Sediment cores from the Kriegers Flak area in the southwestern Baltic Sea show a distinct lithological succession, starting with a lower diamict that is overlain by a c. 10 m thick clay unit that contains peat, gyttja and other organic remains. On top follows an upper diamict that is inter‐layered with sorted sediments and overlain by an upward‐coarsening sequence with molluscs. In this paper we focus on the clay unit, which has been subdivided into three subunits: (A) lower clay with benthic foraminifera and with diamict beds in the lower part; (B) thin beds of gyttja and peat, which have been radiocarbon‐dated to 31–35 14C kyr BP (c. 36–41 cal. kyr BP); and (C) upper clay unit. Based on the preliminary results we suggest the following depositional model: fine‐grained sediments interbedded with diamict in the lower part (subunit A) were deposited in a brackish basin during a retreat of the Scandinavian Ice Sheet, probably during the Middle Weichselian. Around 40 kyr BP the area turned into a wetland with small ponds (subunit B). A transgression, possibly caused by the damming of the Baltic Basin during the Kattegat advance at 29 kyr BP, led to the deposition of massive clay (subunit C). The data presented here provide new information about the paleoenvironmental changes occurring in the Baltic Basin following the Middle Weichselian glaciation.
Lipidomic analysis of platelet senescence
Authors: Ruebsaamen Katharina , Liebisch Gerhard , Boettcher Alfred , Schmitz Gerd 
Published: February 2010

BACKGROUND: A hallmark of platelet (PLT) storage lesion is the loss of PLT lipids. Due to technical limitations a detailed lipidomic analysis of plateletpheresis products during storage was so far not available.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Fifty plateletpheresis products were stored for 5 days at 22°C under agitation. Each day plasma and PLTs were isolated by gel filtration and lipid species analyzed by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry.RESULTS: During 5 days of storage the total lipid content decreased by 10% in PLTs and increased by 5% in plasma. We observed the following changes in lipid class fractions during storage relative to the day of preparation: increases of 69% ceramide (Cer), 32% lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), and 49% cholesteryl esters (CE) and a decrease of 10% free cholesterol (FC) in PLTs and elevation of 43% LPC and 14% CE and a decline of 20% phosphatidylcholine (PC) and 24% FC in plasma. Significant lipid species shifts were observed for phosphatidylserine, Cer, and LPC. Correlation analysis of lipid changes in plasma indicated that lecithin‐cholesterol‐acyltransferase (LCAT) activity may be responsible for the shift in plasma lipid composition. These lipid changes correlated between plasma and PLTs for LPC, FC, and CE fractions.CONCLUSIONS: This study presents for the first time detailed lipid species profiles of PLTs and plasma during storage of PLT concentrates. These data provide clear evidence for LCAT‐mediated esterification of FC and LPC generation in the plasma of PLT concentrates. Moreover, we showed evidence that these changes also impact PLT lipid composition.
The status of massive transfusion protocols in United States trauma centers: massive transfusion or massive confusion?
Authors: Schuster Kevin M. , Davis Kimberly A. , Lui Felix Y. , Maerz Linda L. , Kaplan Lewis J. 
Published: February 2010

BACKGROUND: Massive transfusion protocol (MTP) utilization and makeup is unknown.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A Web‐based survey was sent to members of the Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma and published in the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma newsletter. Comparisons were made with chi‐square and logistic regression.RESULTS: A total of 186 surgeons and 59 center directors responded. To avoid bias, directors' responses are reported. Sixty percent annually admit more than 1500 patients. Sixty‐seven percent had in‐house attending coverage and 85% had a MTP. Presence of a MTP was not predicted by institution size, level, residency status, or admissions. Sixty‐five percent of MTPs had been in place less than 5 years with 18% less than 1 year. Designs varied: 23% had one batch of components, 25% had two or three, 41% had more than three, and 11% did not use batches. Only 62% of first batches contained fresh‐frozen plasma (FFP). In the second batch 98% had FFP. All third boxes had FFP. A ratio of FFP : red blood cells (RBCs) of less than 1 in the first batch predicted a ratio less than 1 in the second batch (p = 0.013). Twenty‐seven percent had blood stored in the emergency department and 14% in the operating room. Twenty‐four percent of MTPs autoactivate and 80% are trauma surgeon activated, 66% by the anesthesia staff, 32% by other surgeons, and 17% by the blood bank. Trauma surgeons activate the MTP most.CONCLUSION: Most centers have a MTP. Protocols are variable and new, and half have a 1:1 FFP : RBC ratio. Protocols with fewer initial units of FFP compared to RBCs maintain this.
Ablation of Severe Drug‐Resistant Tachyarrhythmia During Pregnancy
Authors: SZUMOWSKI LUKASZ , SZUFLADOWICZ EWA , ORCZYKOWSKI MICHAŁ , BODALSKI ROBERT , DEREJKO PAWEŁ , PRZYBYLSKI ANDRZEJ , URBANEK PIOTR , KUŚMIERCZYK MARIUSZ , KOŹLUK EDWARD , SACHER FREDERIC , SANDERS PRASHANTHAN , DANGEL JOANNA , HAISSAGUERRE MICHEL , WALCZAK FRANCISZEK 
Published: February 2010

Ablation of Tachyarrhythmia During Pregnancy. Aims: The goal of this study was to describe mapping and ablation of severe arrhythmias during pregnancy, with minimum or no X‐ray exposure. Treatment of tachyarrhythmia in pregnancy is a clinical problem. Pharmacotherapy entails a risk of adverse effects and is unsuccessful in some patients. Radiofrequency ablation has been performed rarely, because of fetal X‐ray exposure and potential maternal and fetus complications.
Group and Method:
Mapping and ablation was performed in 9 women (age 24–34 years) at 12–38th week of pregnancy. Three had permanent junctional reciprocating tachycardia, and 2 had incessant atrial tachycardia. Four of them had left ventricular ejection fraction ≤45%. One patient had atrioventricular nodal reciprocating tachycardia requiring cardioversion. Three patients had Wolff‐Parkinson‐White syndrome. Two of them had atrial fibrillation with ventricular rate 300 bpm and 1 had atrioventricular tachycardia 300 bpm.Fetal echocardiography was performed before and after the procedure.
Results:
Three women had an electroanatomic map and ablation done without X‐ray exposure. The mean fluoroscopy time in the whole group was 42 ± 37 seconds. The mean procedure time was 56 ± 18 minutes. After the procedure, all women and fetuses were in good condition. After a mean period of 43 ± 23 months follow up (FU), all patients were free of arrhythmia without complications related to ablation either in the mothers or children.
Conclusion:
Ablation can be performed safely with no or minimal radiation exposure during pregnancy. In the setting of malignant, drug‐resistant arrhythmia, ablation may be considered a therapeutic option in selected cases. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 21, pp. 877‐882, August 2010)
Capturing Children's Response to Parental Conflict and Making Use of It
Authors: LEE WAI‐YUNG , NG MAN‐LUN , CHEUNG BEN K. L. , YUNG JOYCE WA 
Published: February 2010

To read this article's abstract in both Spanish and Mandarin Chinese, please visit the article's full‐text page on Wiley InterScience (http://interscience.wiley.com/journal/famp).The aim of our study is to examine the interface between children's physiological changes and the specificities of parental conflict, and to develop a procedure in which such information can be shared with the family for therapeutic change. Children from 20 families were exposed to parental conflict discussion (CD) while their arousals were measured through skin conductance and heart rate sensors. It was found that regardless of the subject of the argument, 80% of the time they were complaining about each other. Likewise, 80% of the time the children were responding to the parents' own interpersonal tension, including moments of silence. The protocol established for the study, consisting of CD and debriefing, was found to be a powerful tool in moving parents toward conflict resolution.