bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HRTEM Study of the Mineral Phases in Human Cortical Bone
Authors: Xin Renlong , Leng Yang , Wang Ning 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAlthough bone minerals have been widely studied by various techniques in previous studies, crystal structures and morphology of bone minerals remained as controversy. In this study, bone minerals were extracted from human cortical bone with ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid solution (pH 7.4, ambient temperature) and examined by high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that the majority of bone minerals were flake‐like and a few were needle‐like. Most of flake‐like minerals were less than 100 nm in their largest dimension and the needle‐like minerals have a width of ∼10 nm. Hydroxyapatite structure was identified in relatively thick bone minerals. However, octacalcium phosphate structure was identified in relatively thin flake‐like bone minerals. Moreover, central dark line defect similar to that reported in dentin and enamel crystals was observed in some of needle‐like bone minerals.
Simultaneous and Dual Emissive Imaging by Micro‐Contact Printing on the Surface of Electrostatically Assembled Water‐Soluble Poly(p‐phenylene) Using FRET
Authors: Kwak Chan Kyu , Kim Dai Geun , Kim Tae Hyeon , Lee Chang‐Soo , Lee Minjung , Lee Taek Seung 
Published: August 2010

AbstractPoly{[2,5‐bis(3‐sulfonatobutoxy)‐1,4‐phenylene sodium salt]‐alt‐(1,4‐phenylene)}, which is an anionically charged, water‐soluble poly(para‐phenylene) derivative with aldehyde groups at both chain ends, is prepared via the Suzuki coupling reaction in order to develop a FRET energy donor, while simultaneously dual‐fluorescence‐patterning the protein. Regardless of the end‐capping, the synthesized polymer exhibits a good solubility in water with an absorption maximum at 338 nm and a photoluminescence maximum at 417 nm, similar to those of the the end‐capped polymer. The emission spectrum of the polymer overlaps the absorption spectrum of fluorescein, and therefore, the polymer can be used as an energy donor with fluorescein as the energy acceptor in the FRET mechanism. This polymer design not only takes advantage of the introduction of biotin at both chain ends (through a reaction with the aldehyde end groups) to realize the facile interaction with streptavidin, but also brings into play the electrostatic features of the anionic sulfonate groups to fabricate an electrostatic self‐assembly with polycation for the pattern substrate. The micropattern of fluorescein‐labeled streptavidin is fabricated on the polymer‐coated substrate through micro‐contact printing using a polydimethylsiloxane mold. As a result, the polymer substrate exhibits a dual fluorescence micropattern, which results from the blue emission color from the energy donor and the FRET‐amplified green emission from the energy acceptor. The high‐resolution patterning is carried out for the application of multiplexing by simultaneously imaging the patterned green‐emitting fluorescein by FRET and the surrounding blue‐emitting polymer according to an optical detection scheme.
Contact‐Killing Polyelectrolyte Microcapsules Based on Chitosan Derivatives
Authors: Cui Di , Szarpak Anna , Pignot‐Paintrand Isabelle , Varrot Annabelle , Boudou Thomas , Detrembleur Christophe , Jérôme Christine , Picart Catherine , Auzély‐Velty Rachel 
Published: August 2010

AbstractPolyelectrolyte‐multilayer microcapsules are made by layer‐by‐layer (LbL) assembly of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes onto sacrificial colloidal particles, followed by core removal. In this paper, contact‐killing polyelectrolyte microcapsules are prepared based solely on polysaccharides. To this end, water‐soluble quaternized chitosan (QCHI) with varying degrees of substitution (DS) and hyaluronic acid (HA) are assembled into thin films. The quaternary ammonium groups are selectively grafted on the primary amine group of chitosan by exploiting its reaction with glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride (GTMAC) under homogeneous aqueous acidic conditions. The morphology of the capsules is closely dependent on the DS of the quaternized chitosan derivatives, which suggests differences in their complexation with HA. The DS is also a key parameter to control the antibacterial activity of QCHI against Escherichia Coli (E. coli). Thus, capsules containing the QCHI derivative with the highest DS are shown to be the most efficient to kill E. coli while retaining their biocompatibility toward myoblast cells, which suggests their potential as drug carriers able to combat bacterial infections.
Integrating Ionic Gate and Rectifier Within One Solid‐State Nanopore via Modification with Dual‐Responsive Copolymer Brushes
Authors: Guo Wei , Xia Hongwei , Cao Liuxuan , Xia Fan , Wang Shutao , Zhang Guangzhao , Song Yanlin , Wang Yugang , Jiang Lei , Zhu Daoben 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA dual‐functional nanofluidic device is demonstrated that integrates the ionic gate and the ionic rectifier within one solid‐state nanopore. The functionalities are realized by fabricating temperature‐ and pH‐responsive poly(N‐isopropyl acrylamide‐co‐acrylic acid) brushes onto the wall of a cone‐shaped nanopore. At ca. 25 °C, the nanopore works on a low ion conducting state. When the temperature is raised to ca. 40 °C, the nanopore switches to a high ion conducting state. The closing/opening of the nanopore results from the temperature‐triggered conformational transition of the attached copolymer brushes. Independently, in neutral and basic solutions, the conical nanopore rectifies the ionic current. While in acid solutions, no ion rectifying properties can be found. The charge properties of the copolymer brushes, combined with the asymmetrical pore geometry, render the nanopore a pH‐tunable ionic rectifier. The chemical modification strategy could be applied to incorporate other stimuli‐responsive materials for designing smart multi‐functional nanofluidic systems resembling the “live” creatures in nature.
The effect of sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide on the strength of aggregates made from coal fly ash using the geopolymerisation method
Authors: Fansuri Hamzah , Prasetyoko Didik , Zhang Zezhi , Zhang Dongke 
Published: August 2010

AbstractGeopolymerisation of coal fly ash to produce synthetic aggregates as a potential means of utilising coal combustion by‐product has been investigated. It has been revealed that the geopolymerisation strongly depends on the physicochemical properties of fly ash, the availability of soluble silicates and aluminates, and the concentration of added sodium hydroxide. The presence of sodium hydroxide increases the amount of soluble silicates and aluminates in the mixture through fly ash solubilisation. Solubility tests on various fly ash samples have shown that solubility increases as the concentration of sodium hydroxide in the fly ash increases, which also increases the strength of the resulting geopolymer aggregates. The compression strength of the geopolymer aggregates also increases to a maximum before decreasing again as the amount of sodium silicate is increased. Copyright © 2010 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
RSM optimization of the operating parameters for a butanol distillation column
Authors: Wang Honghai , Li Chunli , Li Cuihuan 
Published: August 2010

AbstractComprehensive optimization of distillation column operating parameters is very important in chemical production. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used in combination with process simulation for complex optimization of operating parameters on the butanol distillation column in solvent fermentation process. The single‐parameter effect of theoretical number of plates, feed positions, flow rate, and reflux rate on the content of water and butanol in the overhead distillate were investigated using the chemical process simulation software PRO/II. Then, according to the results of single‐parameter simulation, comprehensive optimization was done using the response surface optimization method—central composite design (CCD), with the minimization of water content in the overhead distillate as the objective. The best optimized mathematical model was established and the result was verified by industrial production process. It was that satisfactory results can be obtained when RSM is combined with process simulation. This can produce more optimal conditions than those obtained by single‐factor optimization in multivariate optimization problems. The optimal operating conditions are as follows: number of theoretical plates = 47, feed positions at the 7th and 12th theoretical plates (from top to bottom), overhead distillate flow rate = 441 kg/h, and reflux rate = 1860 kg/h. The water and butanol contents in the overhead distillate under these conditions are 0.5093 and 0.001%, respectively. This process was a reference point for the optimization of operating parameters of a distillation system. Copyright © 2010 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hyperthermia: malformations to chaperones
Authors: Bennett Gregory D. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractHyperthermia has been known to induce malformations in numerous animal models as well being associated with human abnormalities. This was apparent particularly when the hyperthermia exposure was during the early stages of neural development. Although it was recognized relatively early that these exposures induced cell death, the specific molecular mechanism of how a brief heat exposure was translated in to specific cellular functions remains largely unknown. While our understanding of the events that govern how cells react to heat, or stresses in general, has increased, there is much that remains undiscovered. In this brief review, animal and clinical observations are outlined as are some of the scientific explorations that were undertaken to characterize, define, and better understand the morphological, biochemical, and molecular effects of hyperthermia on the developing embryo. Birth Defects Res (Part B) 89:279–288, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cyclophosphamide and the Teratology society: an awkward marriage
Authors: Ozolins̆ Terence R.S. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractCyclophosphamide (CPA) is a potent and highly effective chemotherapeutic and immunosuppressive agent that has been marketed for about 50 years. Reports of its teratogenicity emerged just after the Teratology Society was established, and from that time forth CPA has been inextricably linked to the Society's goal of understanding and preventing birth defects. CPA teratogenesis was previously reviewed (Mirkes, 1985), and since that time the pathways leading to teratogenesis have become more complicated, with many contradictions. By causing DNA strand breaks, crosslinks, and adducts, CPA is highly effective at disrupting the integrity of the genome. This was the focus of CPA teratogenesis research for many years. However, it is now clear that CPA disrupts the embryonic epigenome and the functionality of the proteome, and that these perturbations are related to teratogenesis. CPA also induces cell‐cycle arrest and apoptosis in the embryo but there is conflicting data as to whether these changes are embryoprotective or teratogenic. In addition, CPA has made a number of diverse contributions to the field of developmental toxicology. For example, the concept of male‐mediated teratogenesis, in the absence of compromised fertility parameters, was established using CPA. Antivivisectionist sentiment has produced a resurgent interest in in vitro developmental toxicity screens, and with it the need to identify proteratogens that typically are false negatives in such systems due to the relative dearth of P‐450 activity in early embryonic tissues. The requirement of P‐450 for CPA‐mediated embryotoxicity has made CPA an excellent tool with which to probe the metabolic competence of adjunct P‐450 supplements in these in vitro systems. Recently, it was noted that in utero exposure to CPA disrupts the immunofunction markers at parturition, suggesting CPA may be a future model for developmental immunotoxicology.Birth Defects Res (Part B)89:289–299, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Witness self‐efficacy: Development and validation of the construct
Authors: Cramer Robert J. , Neal Tess M.S. , DeCoster Jamie , Brodsky Stanley L. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractDespite the application of Self‐Efficacy Theory (Bandura, 1977, 2000) to many areas of psychology, there is a lack of research on self‐efficacy in the ability to testify in court. The present study fills this gap by incrementally developing the construct of Witness Self‐Efficacy and establishing its psychometric properties. Study I features exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses yielding a two‐factor Witness Self‐Efficacy Scale (WSES). The two components are Poise and Communication Style. Study II uses a second data collection to show that both WSES domains possess convergent, divergent, and predictive validity relations consistent with those expected using an SET framework. Notably, WSES components predicted perceptions of witness credibility and sentencing outcomes above and beyond witness extraversion, general self‐efficacy, and general self‐confidence. Implications for SET and witness preparation training are discussed. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ChemInform Abstract: Theoretical Study of Water Trimer
Authors: WALES D. J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Peculiar Coordination of Barium: Ab initio Study of the Molecular and Electronic Structures of the Group 2 Dihydride Dimers M2H4 (M: Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba).
Authors: KAUPP M. , VON RAGUE SCHLEYER P. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrical Conductivity and Catalytic Properties of Non‐Stoichiometric Oxides of Lanthanum, Samarium and Neodymium. Part 4.
Authors: TIWARI J. N. , KUMAR B. , BHAGAT S. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Structure, and Bonding of the Novel Cluster Compound KTl with Isolated Tl6‐ 6 Ions.
Authors: DONG Z. , CORBETT J. D. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Physico‐Chemical Studies on LnAsOS2 and (LnO)4As2S5 Compounds.
Authors: TANRYVERDIEV V. S. , ALIEV O. M. , ALIEV I. I. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Fluorohafnates of Rare Earth Metals RHf2F11 (R: La‐Nd).
Authors: FEDOROV P. P. , VAL'KOVSKII M. D. , BONDAREVA O. S. , SOBOLEV B. P. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A2H2(PtH4) (A: Sr and Ba), Two Hydrides with a Layered Structure Type Where (Pt(II)H4)2‐ Complexes and Hydrogen Atoms in Tetrahedral Interstices Share the Same Alkaline Earth Counter Ions.
Authors: KADIR K. , NOREUS D. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Conformational Isomerism of Calix(6)arenes: Isolation of Two Conformational Isomers of the 1,2‐Bis(p‐tert‐butylbenzyl) Ether of p‐ tert‐Butylcalix(6)arene.
Authors: NERI P. , ROCCO C. , CONSOLI G. M. L. , PIATTELLI M. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Molecular Mechanics (MM3). Calculations on Nitrogen‐Containing Aromatic Heterocycles
Authors: TAI J. C. , YANG L. , ALLINGER N. L. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Acidity and Tautomerism of β‐Keto Esters and Amides in Aqueous Solution
Authors: BUNTING J. W. , KANTER J. P. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Effect of Added Salts on Enantioselective Transformations of Cyclic Ketones by Chiral Lithium Amide Bases.
Authors: BUNN B. J. , SIMPKINS N. S. , SPAVOLD Z. , CRIMMIN M. J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Asymmetric Allylation Reactions. Part 3. Extension to Methallylstannane, Comparison of Procedures, and Observation of a Nonlinear Effect.
Authors: KECK G. E. , KRISHNAMURTHY D. , GRIER M. C. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Unusual Stereoselectivity in the Diels‐Alder Addition of Cyclopentadiene with the Bicyclo(2.2.2)octene Nucleus.
Authors: WILLIAMS R. V. , TODIME M. M. R. , ENEMARK P. , VAN DER HELM D. , RIZVI S. K. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of Both Enantiomers of α‐(4‐Fluorophenyl)‐4‐ (2‐pyrimidinyl)‐1‐piperazinebutanol: Potential Antipsychotic Agents.
Authors: RAMACHANDRAN P. V. , GONG B. , BROWN H. C. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereoselective Alkylation Reactions Employing a Camphor‐Based Chiral Oxazinone Auxiliary.
Authors: AHN K. H. , LIM A. , LEE S. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Unsaturated Nitrogen Compounds Containing Fluorine. Part 10. Reaction of 2,5‐Dichloro‐1,1,1,6,6,6‐hexafluoro‐3,4‐diazahexa‐2,4‐diene with Halide Ion and Oxygen‐ and Sulphur‐Centred Nucleophiles and of Its 2, 5‐Diiodo Analogue with Reducing Agents and Certain Nucleophiles.
Authors: ELTOUM A. O. A. , O'REILLY N. J. , TIPPING A. E. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselectivity of Diels‐Alder Reactions of a Surfactant 1,3‐Diene with Surfactant Dienophiles.
Authors: JAEGER D. A. , WANG J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel Heterocycles from Thiazolecarboxylic Acid Hydrazides.
Authors: MAMEDOV V. A. , NURETDINOV I. A. , SIBGATULLINA F. G. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: O‐Bridged Medium Sized Rings via Bicyclic Oxonium Ylides.
Authors: WEST F. G. , EBERLEIN T. H. , TESTER R. W. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Reduction of Benzylic Halides with Diethylzinc Using Tetrakis( triphenylphosphine)palladium as Catalyst.
Authors: AGRIOS K. A. , SREBNIK M. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.