bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Constructing an Intent‐to‐Treat Score Index to Predict Survival Outcomes in Pediatric Liver Transplant Recipients
Authors: Montgomery Ashley , Lang Anna , Kunisetty Bhavana , Kamepalli Spoorthi , Lynn Jake , Alvarez Alexandra , Goss John , Galvan Nhu Thao Nguyen , Rana Abbas 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundWaitlist and posttransplant outcomes have been widely reported for pediatric liver transplantation. Yet, analyzing these metrics individually fails to provide a holistic perspective for patients and their families. Intent‐to‐treat (ITT) analysis fills this gap by studying the associations between waitlist outcomes, organ availability, and posttransplant outcomes. Our study aimed to construct a predictive index utilizing ITT analysis for pediatric liver transplant recipients (Pedi‐ITT).MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis utilizing de‐identified data provided by the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) from March 1, 2002, to December 31, 2021. We analyzed data for 12 926 pediatric recipients (age <18). We conducted a univariate and multivariable logistic regression to find the significant predictive factors affecting ITT survival. A scoring index was constructed to stratify outcome risk on the basis of the significant factors identified by regression analysis.ResultsMultivariable analysis found the following factors to be significantly associated with death on the waitlist or after transplant: gender, diagnosis, UNOS region, ascites, diabetes mellitus, age at the time of listing, serum sodium at the time of listing, total bilirubin at the time of listing, serum creatinine at the time of listing, INR at the time of listing, history of ventilator use, and history of re‐transplantation. Using receiver operator characteristic analysis, the Pedi‐ITT index had a c‐statistic of 0.79 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.76–0.82). The c‐statistics of the Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease/Pediatric for End‐Stage Liver Disease and pediatric version of the Survival Outcomes Following Liver Transplantation score indices were 0.74 (CI: 0.71–0.76) and 0.69 (CI: 0.66–0.72), respectively.ConclusionsThe Pedi‐ITT index provides an additional prognostic model with moderate predictive power to assess outcomes associated with pediatric liver transplantation. Further analysis should focus on increasing the predictive power of the index.
Exploring the synergy between copper electrolytes and molecularly engineered thiocyanate‐free cyclometalated ruthenium sensitizers for dye‐sensitized solar cells
Authors: M. M. Sruthi , Pradhan Sourava C. , George Andrew Simon , P. R. Nitha , Mishra Rakesh K. , John Jubi , Soman Suraj 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTwo novel cyclometalated ruthenium complexes, RC‐4 and RC‐5, featuring 1‐phenylisoquinoline and phenyl quinazoline as ancillary ligands, respectively, were synthesized to investigate their viability with the environmentally friendly copper (Cu) redox mediator, [Cu(bpye)2]2+/+. The modification of the ligand environment resulted in variations in the energetics, photophysical properties, and photovoltaic performance of RC‐4 and RC‐5 sensitizers. Despite RC‐5 sensitizer possessing a more positive ground state potential of 1.19 V versus the NHE, the RC‐4 sensitizer, with a lower HOMO level of 0.72 V versus NHE, exhibited superior photovoltaic performance along with the Cu electrolyte, attributed to its enhanced light harvesting ability, improved lifetime and reduced back electron transfer, contributing to higher Jsc, Voc, and PCE.
Variations of blood metabolites in single‐ and multiple‐bearing Ossimi ewes during the transition period
Authors: Hussein Hussein Awad , Mohammed Omer Amany M. , Karam Mohammad H. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEvaluation of the metabolic profile indices allows early detection and treatment of various metabolic disorders during the transition period in ewes. This study aimed to determine the variations in the blood metabolites around lambing in Ossimi ewes. The blood metabolites were investigated in ewes with single (n = 27) and multiple (n = 9) lambs at 3‐ and 1‐week pre‐lambing and 3‐week post‐lambing. The plasma concentrations of glucose were higher in single‐bearing ewes than those in multiple‐bearing ewes (p < .05), moreover, its lowest value was measured at 1‐week prepartum in both groups. Throughout the study period, the serum concentrations of non‐esterified fatty acids (NEFA) were significantly increased in ewes with multiple lambs compared to ewes with single lambs (p < .05), and the highest value was found at 1‐week before parturition in both groups. In addition, the serum level of beta‐hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) was higher at 3‐week postpartum, and it was significantly increased in multiple‐bearing ewes than that in single‐bearing ones (p < .05) at 3‐week pre‐lambing. In both groups, the lowest values of total proteins were determined 1‐week before lambing, and its concentrations, at 3‐ and 1‐week prepartum, were higher in ewes with single lambs than those with multiple lambs (p < .05). In contrast, the serum concentrations of albumin were significantly lowered 1‐week postpartum (p < .05), and without significant differences between both groups (p > .05). The serum activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and gamma‐glutamyltransferase (GGT) were significantly increased at 1‐week after parturition in both groups (p < .05). Furthermore, the serum activities of AST were higher in multiple‐bearing ewes than those in single‐bearing ones at 3‐week pre‐lambing and 3‐week post‐lambing (p < .05). Variable positive and negative correlations were determined among the blood metabolites. In conclusion, physiological adaptations are associated with the fluctuation of the blood metabolites around lambing. The higher the number of foetuses the higher the metabolic variations in Ossimi ewes. Therefore, regular metabolic profiling for health monitoring may be necessary to avoid disease development during the transition period.
How informal elementary teacher leaders in mathematics are positioned in advice and information networks
Authors: Nguyen Phi , Webel Corey , Dames Brendan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this article, we examine how elementary classroom teachers who are pursuing their Elementary Mathematics Specialist certification—who we refer to as Elementary Mathematics Specialists in Training (EMSTs)—are positioned in their advice and information networks for mathematics. Analyzing the advice networks of six elementary schools in one district, we found that EMSTs were sought out by more individuals than other teachers, and when sought out by others, provided advice at a greater frequency than formal leaders. EMSTs' advice‐interactions were often with grade‐level peers, with interactions in the same grade occurring at a greater frequency than those spanning grade levels. We also found that, in the school with a formal mathematics‐specific leader, advice interactions were primarily directed at the formal leader, including the advice‐seeking of the EMSTs at that school. Based on our findings, we conclude with implications for how teacher education programs and school administrators can support mathematics teacher leaders in enacting leadership from their classrooms.
Engaging elementary mathematics specialists: Strengthening the connections between university coursework and practice
Authors: Cannon Susan O. , Castanheira Brittney , Keese Jeffrey , Welji Shaffiq 
Published: June 2024

AbstractElementary teachers are underprepared to teach mathematics, and there is a lack of field‐based support for mathematics‐specific pedagogies in the elementary grades. To address this theory to practice gap, we developed an innovative model of fieldwork that draws on the expertise of in‐service teachers (elementary mathematics specialists [EMSs]) who had recently completed a K–5 mathematics endorsement to work in the role of university supervisors supporting beginning teachers (BTs) in initial fieldwork. We argue that this model has three key aspects that will support BTs bridging the theory to practice gap: (1) as in‐service teachers the EMSs are keenly connected to the context of schools; (2) recent experience in university coursework in mathematics while serving as in‐service teachers required the EMSs to navigate the theory to practice gap themselves; (3) one‐on‐one mentorship supports strong and trusting relationships. Drawing on data from a 3‐year study we found that EMSs brought intimate knowledge of the school context and knowledge of the mathematics‐specific pedagogies taught at the university. These connections to the field and the university allowed EMSs to support BTs in implementing research‐based practices in their mathematics lessons that went against the norms of their school settings.
Adaptive Dynamic Model-Based Path Following Controller Design for an Unmanned Surface Vessel
Authors: Zhu Man , Wen Yuanqiao , Tao Wei , Xiao Changshi , Sun Wuqiang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The effective design of a path-following controller for unmanned surface vessels (USVs) under uncertain influences induced by various factors such as environmental disturbances is a challenging task. In this study, we propose to fulfill this task through taking benefits from an online parameter identification technique, the discrete-time sliding mode control (DSMC) method, and the improved line of sight (LOS) algorithm. The Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm (PSO) was adopted to provide initial settings for the straightforward online identification method, i.e., the Forgetting Factor Recursive Least Square method (FFRLS). In order to handle the time-varying sideslip angle of a ship that exists in reality due to environmental disturbances, a multimodel course control scheme is proposed to improve the control performance. For this control scheme, a flexible selection mechanism in between a heading angle or a course angle tracking controller based on the DSMC method is designed. A solution to fixing the tracking deviation problem of the LOS guidance law is investigated for which the gradient descent method is introduced. A series of experiments are carried out at sea with a USV called Orca to verify and validate the proposed hybrid path following approach. The results showed that tracking errors mainly induced by environmental disturbances existed but the maximum magnitude among them was small enough and remained within the acceptable range, especially from the marine engineering point of view. These results, to a high degree, validated the robustness and precision of the proposed controller.
The changing landscape with respect to scientific research and education for second-level students and how they can overlap: the Kefir4All example
Authors: Walsh Liam H. , O' Mahony Cian , Cotter Paul D. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Have you ever deeply considered the intersections between research and education, particularly for second-level students? Traditionally, the convergence of these two realms is most often noted when considering the integration of research findings into educational practices or the involvement of, typically a small number, of students in research activities. While these practices have demonstrated efficacy, the fields of scientific research and education are evolving rapidly, necessitating a reevaluation of how we can optimize their convergence. In our discourse, we delve into these evolving trends, uncover the potential for greater integration, and, ultimately, enhance outcomes using the citizen science initiative Kefir4All as an illustrative example.
Effects of Ganoderma lucidum cultivation in forests on soil organic carbon pool and microbial community physiological profiles
Authors: Xu Yi , Hu Yingbing , jin Jin , He Shiyang , Wu Weihua , Tang Zhangxuan , Wu Jiasen , Ye Limin 
Published: June 2024

Non-timber forest products increase forests resource utilization efficiency and promote rural areas economic development. Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis) P. Karst. (Reishi) is a mushroom having great potential being cultivated as NFTPs. However, there is still a lack of effects about cultivating Reishi in forests on soil organic carbon (C) pool and microbial community, which are important for designing sustainable cultivating strategies. Therefore, this study sampled and analyzed soil from forests cultivated Reishi at 2, 4, and 6 years (LZ2, LZ4, and LZ6, respectively), and in reference natural evergreen broad-leaved forest (CK). Our results manifested that, compared with CK, LZ2 slightly increased total organic carbon (TOC), and significantly increased microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) content by 29.99% and 28.67%, respectively ( P < 0.05). Besides, compared with CK, LZ2 significantly increased the ratio of MBC/TOC and WSOC/TOC by 37.50% and 35.00%, respectively ( P < 0.05). In contrast, these parameters decreased in LZ4 and LZ6 slightly, compared with CK. Consequently, LZ2 had the highest average well-color development values and microbial functional diversity indexes, while these parameters declined in LZ4 and LZ6, compared with CK. As a result, microbial community functional structure in LZ2 was different from that in LZ4, and LZ6, while that in LZ4 and LZ6 showed similarity, according to the principal component analysis and PERMANOVA test.
Radiative Double-Diffusive Mixed Convection Flow in a Non-Newtonian Hybrid Nanofluid Over a Vertical Deformable Sheet with Thermophoretic Particle Deposition Effects
Authors: Alharbi Latifah Falah , Khan Umair , Al-Toref Gadah Abdulrahman , Zaib Aurang , Shah S. H. A. M. , Ishak Anuar , Salih Waafa , Hussain Syed Modassir 
Published: June 2024

Purpose: A key step in the propagation of microparticles across temperature gradients, thermophoresis deposition of particles is important for electrical and aerosol technologies. Thus, the impact of thermophoresis deposition of particles is encountered in a mixed convective flow of Williamson hybrid nanofluids (HNFs) across a stretching/shrinking sheet to monitor the fluctuation of mass deposition. Design/methodology/approach: The transformation is used to transmute the PDEs into ODEs and then the bvp4c approach is applied to solve the modified governing equations of the problem. Graphs are used to illustrate the key variables that influence the heat, mass and flow profiles. Findings: The results suggest that the mass transfer rate (MTR) decreases for both solutions due to the higher consequences of the thermophoretic parameter. In addition, the developed impact of the radiation parameter and the posited hybrid nanoparticles markedly raise the heat transfer rate (HTR) for both solutions. Hybrid nanoparticles are effective for generating maximum energy. They play a crucial role in providing a high rate of acceleration in the flow. Practical implications: The stable outcomes of this examination could be very helpful in improving the energy efficiency of thermal systems. Originality/value: The double-diffusive non-Newtonian Williamson fluid by incorporating nanofluids across a vertical stretching/shrinking sheet with thermal radiation has not been considered yet. The obtained numerical results have been validated with the published work to validate the numerical method.
Testing a Population-Based Outreach Intervention for Ovarian Cancer Survivors to Encourage their Close Relatives to Consider Genetic Counseling
Authors: Guan Yue , McBride Colleen M. , Zhao Jingsong , Pentz Rebecca D. , Escoffery Cam , Liu Yuan , Cao Yichun , An Weihua , Shepperd James A. , Ward Kevin C. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:
Most relatives of women with ovarian cancer are unaware of their increased risk for cancer and their eligibility for genetic counseling. State cancer registries offer a platform to communicate about inherited risk to this population.

Methods:
We conducted a two-arm randomized trial to test a theory-based communication intervention—Your Family Connects (YFC)—compared to the standard Georgia Cancer Registry (GCR) contact. A total of 1,938 eligible ovarian cancer survivors were randomly assigned to either the YFC arm (n = 969) or the Standard Care arm (n = 969). We assessed the number of ovarian cancer survivors and their close relatives who logged on to the study website by arm.

Results:
Survivor reach was significantly higher in the Standard Care arm than YFC (20.8% vs. 15.2%, respectively; P &lt; 0.001). However, reach to relatives was limited to listed relatives in the YFC arm (n = 20, 13.2%), with little participation from those in the Standard Care arm (n = 1, 0.4%). Pooling across arms, minority race, longer time since diagnosis, and older age were all significantly associated with a decreased likelihood that the survivor accessed the website.

Conclusions:
The YFC intervention showed lower effectiveness for engaging survivors but was more effective than Standard Care in engaging at-risk relatives. Other factors (e.g., time since diagnosis) associated with lower reach must be considered in refining future outreach approaches.

Impact:
Partnering with a state cancer registry to foster family communication about inherited cancer risk is feasible but the possibility for broad population reach warrants further testing.
What is the occupational impact of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome for adults living in Australia?
Authors: Thomas Roshni , Hughes Julie , Kotzur Cheryl 
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Occupational recovery for people living with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome requires better assessment and understanding of the occupational impact of this debilitating condition. This study explores the lived experience of Australian adults with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome using the Model of Human Occupation. Methods: The research design was a cross-sectional descriptive study, and participants were recruited via social media to complete an online survey. A Model of Human Occupation Tool, The Occupational Self-Assessment, captured an individual’s perceptions of occupational identity and competence. Results: Results were analysed using descriptive statistics and non-parametric tests. The free-text responses were summarised. Twenty-nine participants completed the Occupational Self-Assessment. A decrease in occupational participation across all domains was evident. Qualitative themes of loneliness, feeling confined, feeling like a burden and loss of previous life/roles were collated, showing an adverse impact on occupational identity. A lack of independence and control showed a reduction in occupational competence. Conclusions: The study confirmed the impact of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome on occupational identity and competence. These individuals struggled with occupational adaptation and would benefit from occupational support. Occupational therapists could use the Occupational Self-Assessment to identify areas of need, set goals and facilitate better occupational adaptation.
Unveiling the Significance of NCAP Family Genes in Adrenocortical Carcinoma and Adenoma Pathogenesis: A Molecular Bioinformatics Exploration
Authors: Arastonejad Mahshid , Arab Daniyal , Fatemi Somayeh , Golshanrad Pezhman 
Published: June 2024

Objectives: Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC), a rare and aggressive adrenal cortex cancer, poses significant challenges due to high mortality, poor prognosis, and early post-surgery recurrence. Variability in survival across ACC stages emphasizes the need to uncover its molecular underpinnings. Adrenocortical adenoma, a benign tumor, adds to diagnostic challenges, highlighting the necessity for molecular insights. The Non-SMC Associated Condensin Complex (NCAP) gene family, recognized for roles in chromosomal structure and cell cycle control. This study focuses on evaluating NCAP gene functions and importance in ACC through gene expression profiling to identify diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Methods: Microarray datasets from ACC patients, obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, were normalized to eliminate batch effects. Differential expression analysis of NCAP family genes, facilitated by the GEPIA2 database, included survival and pathological stage evaluations. A Protein-Protein Interaction network was constructed using GeneMANIA, and additional insights were gained through Gene Ontology enrichment analysis, correlation analysis, and ROC curve analysis. Results: ACC samples exhibited elevated levels of NCAPG, NCAPG2, and NCAPH compared to normal and adenoma samples. Increased expression of these genes correlated with poor overall survival, particularly in advanced disease stages. The Protein-Protein Interaction network highlighted interactions with related proteins, and Gene Ontology enrichment analysis demonstrated their involvement in chromosomal structure and control. Differentially expressed NCAP genes showed positive associations, and ROC curve analysis indicated their high discriminatory power in identifying ACC from adenoma and normal samples. Conclusion: The study emphasizes the potential importance of NCAPG, NCAPG2, and NCAPH in ACC, suggesting roles in tumor aggressiveness and diagnostic relevance. These genes could serve as therapeutic targets and markers for ACC, but further exploration into their molecular activities and validation studies is imperative to fully harness their diagnostic and therapeutic potential, advancing precision medicine approaches against this rare but lethal malignancy.
Current peri-operative and surgical management of bladder paraganglioma
Authors: Gharbieh Sammy , Lobo Niyati , Velusamy Anand , McCanny Jamie , Thurairaja Ramesh , Khan Muhammad Shamim , Nair Rajesh 
Published: June 2024

Introduction: In this article, we provide a narrative review of current peri-operative and surgical management of paraganglioma of the urinary bladder (PUB). Methods: Key articles relating to peri-operative optimisation, intra-operative considerations and post-operative follow-up of patients with PUB were identified for review. Discussion: Although the majority of PUBs are functionally active with potential for catecholamine release, typical catecholaminergic symptoms are often overshadowed by the presence of lower urinary tract symptoms such as painless visible haematuria. Consequently, many cases are diagnosed based on post-operative histopathology, resulting in inferior short- and long-term outcomes. Accurate pre-operative diagnosis is crucial as this informs pre-operative optimisation and choice of surgical approach. Partial cystectomy is the mainstay of treatment, but transurethral resection may be appropriate for non-functional tumours <3 cm. The presence of succinate dehydrogenase ( SDH) subunit B (SDHB) pathogenic variants may prompt upfront radical cystectomy. Long-term outcomes of surgical patients remain incompletely characterised and lifelong follow-up is recommended to exclude tumour recurrence. Conclusion: Patients with PUBs require meticulous peri-operative optimisation under the care of an experienced multidisciplinary team. A pre-operative diagnosis is crucial to ensure optimal outcomes and guide surgical decision-making. Level of evidence: 4