bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge management as a method for supporting digital library projects
Authors: Cervone H. Frank 
Published: November 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to define and describe a low‐barrier method of implementing knowledge management as a mechanism for supporting digital library projects and processes.Design/methodology/approachThis article provides a general overview of knowledge management and some low‐barrier methods for implementing a knowledge exchange program in a library.FindingsKnowledge management (KM) is a useful tool for facilitating projects and processes in the digital library. By implementing a knowledge management program using familiar tools and in an incremental fashion, a library can gain the benefits of a KM program in an orderly and non‐disruptive manner.Originality/valueThis paper fills a gap in the digital library project management literature by providing an overview of knowledge management and its role in digital library management.
Leadership in higher education: some lessons from other sectors
Authors: Wooldridge Ewart 
Published: November 2011

PurposeThere is a tendency in every sector to argue that its culture and leadership issues are unique, and that concepts and processes for leadership development do not travel well across sector boundaries. Higher education (HE) is well known for adopting this point of view. Drawing from the author's own experience of working in many parts of the private, public and third sectors, the purpose of this paper is to unpack that paradox and suggest some important lessons and practices that can survive the transition across these boundaries.Design/methodology/approachThe examples of such practices are drawn from the worlds of broadcasting, the arts, education, local and central government. They include embracing the “tight/loose” tension conceived by Charles Handy, the conceptualisation of the customer experience in a way that can engage HE staff and the vital contribution that universities can make to the “leadership of place”.FindingsThe author has found three general concepts of leadership, which seem particularly relevant to the challenges facing UK HE today. Agility – the ability to embrace new business models, new organisational relationships and new technological opportunities whilst holding on to the core purpose of HE. Distinctiveness – seeking through institutional dialogue a shared understanding of difference, either as a single institution or as part of a unique cluster of universities. Alignment – finding the optimal meeting point between top‐down institutional goals and the traditional bottom‐up collegial culture.Originality/valueThis paper provides an opportunity to reflect on development programmes run by the Leadership Foundation, and to test them against the wider context of public service leadership development.
The effect of perceived external prestige on Greek public employees' organizational identification
Authors: Gkorezis Panagiotis , Mylonas Naoum , Petridou Eugenia 
Published: November 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of perceived external prestige (PEP) on organizational identification in the context of a Greek public organization and to address the moderating role of gender in the relationship between PEP and organizational identification.Design/methodology/approachData were obtained from a sample of 159 employees working in Citizens Service Centers. Analysis was conducted using moderated hierarchical regression analysis.FindingsPEP is positively related with organizational identification (β=0.33, p<0.001). The influence of the interaction of PEP and gender on organizational identification is also supported (β=−0.29 p<0.05). In particular, the effect of PEP on organizational identification was stronger for men.Research limitations/implicationsLimited inference to other private and public organizations because data are based on one public organization. The cross‐sectional analysis of the data cannot directly assess causality.Originality/valueThis is the first study to examine the moderating role of gender in the relationship between PEP and organizational identification.
Higher free thyroxine levels are associated with frailty in older men: the Health In Men Study
Authors: Yeap Bu B. , Alfonso Helman , Paul Chubb Stephen A. , Walsh John P. , Hankey Graeme J. , Almeida Osvaldo P. , Flicker Leon 
Published: November 2011

SummaryObjective  Frailty is common in the elderly and predisposes to ill‐health. Some symptoms of frailty overlap those of thyroid dysfunction, but it is unclear whether differences in thyroid status influence risk of frailty. We evaluated associations between thyroid status and frailty in older men.Design  Cross‐sectional epidemiological study.Participants  Community‐dwelling men aged 70–89 years.Measurements  Circulating thyrotropin (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4) were assayed. Frailty was assessed as ≥3 of the Fatigue, Resistance, Ambulation, Illnesses and Loss (FRAIL) scale’s 5 domains: fatigue; resistance (difficulty climbing flight of stairs); ambulation (difficulty walking 100 m); illness (>5); or weight loss (>5%), blinded to hormone results.Results  Of 3943 men, 27 had subclinical hyperthyroidism, 431 subclinical hypothyroidism and 608 were classified as being frail (15·4%). There was an inverse log‐linear association of TSH with FT4. There was no association between TSH and frailty. After adjusting for covariates, men with FT4 in the highest two quartiles had increased odds of being frail (Q3:Q1, odds ratio [OR] = 1·32, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1·01–1·73 and Q4:Q1, OR = 1·36, 95% CI = 1·04–1·79, P = 0·010 for trend). Higher FT4 was associated with fatigue (P = 0·038) and weight loss (P < 0·001). The association between FT4 and frailty remained significant when the analysis was restricted to euthyroid men.Conclusions  High‐normal FT4 level is an independent predictor of frailty among ageing men. This suggests that even within the euthyroid range, circulating thyroxine may contribute to reduced physical capability. Further studies are needed to clarify the utility of thyroid function testing and the feasibility of preventing or reversing frailty in older men.
CD73 protects kidney from ischemia‐reperfusion injury through reduction of free radicals
Authors: JIAN RONGRONG , SUN YONG , WANG YINGJIAN , YU JERRY , ZHONG LINGLING , ZHOU PING 
Published: November 2011

Jian R, Sun Y, Wang Y, Yu J, Zhong L, Zhou P. CD73 protects kidney from ischemia‐reperfusion injury through reduction of free radicals. APMIS 2011.Renal ischemia‐reperfusion injury (IRI) may cause severe systemic diseases. Extracellular adenosine is anti‐inflammatory especially during hypoxemia. As ecto‐5′‐nucleotidase (CD73) is the rate‐limiting enzyme for extracellular adenosine generation, it may protect renal IRI through adenosine production. In the current studies, we investigated the effects of CD73 in genetically modified mice. We found that renal IRI caused more serious histological injury, vascular permeability, and lipid peroxidation in CD73−/− than that in CD73+/+ mice. In addition, AMP and free radical concentrations were much higher in CD73−/− than that in CD73+/+ mice. Our data support the fact that CD73 may protect the kidney from IRI through adenosine production and a reduction of free radicals.
Sex differences in newborn interaction with mother or father during skin‐to‐skin contact after Caesarean section
Authors: Velandia Marianne , Uvnäs‐Moberg Kerstin , Nissen Eva 
Published: November 2011

AbstractAim:  To investigate differences between the breast‐seeking and crying behaviour of girls and boys in skin‐to‐skin contact (SSC) with their mother or their father after Caesarean section as well as the point‐in‐time for the first breastfeeding and to compare mothers’ and fathers’ interactive behaviour with their newborn girl or boy.Methods:  Twenty girls and 17 boys were randomized to 25 min of SSC with one or the other parent immediately after birth. The interaction was videotaped.Results:  Girls started rooting movements earlier than boys in SSC with either parent (p = 0.027). Infants started to breastfeed significantly earlier if having been in SSC with mothers compared with SSC with fathers during the first 5–30 min (p = 0.018). Girls cried more than boys in SSC with either parent (p = 0.02). Mothers used more touching behaviour towards their newborn infant than fathers (p = 0.001). Mothers touched girls less than boys (p = 0.038). Fathers directed less speech towards girls compared with boys (p = 0.042).Conclusion:  Early mother–infant SSC immediately after Caesarean section should be promoted until the occurrence of the first breastfeed. If the mother is unable to provide SSC immediately after birth, the father–infant SSC is a valuable alternative because it enhances paternal interaction.
Removal Effects on Nectar Production in Bat‐pollinated Flowers of the Brazilian Cerrado
Authors: Bobrowiec Paulo Estefano D. , Oliveira Paulo E. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractWe tested the removal effect on nectar production in four bat‐pollinated cerrado flowers. We compared the amount of nectar after 7–12 removals with the accumulated nectar in non‐manipulated flowers after 12 h. In all, but one species, removals increased volume by 1.5–4.6 times and sugar content by 1.6–4 times, which may affect flower visitation by bats, pollen flow, and reproduction.Abstract in Portuguese is available in the online version of this article.
Colonization Kinetics of Different Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Sequence Types in Pigs and Host Susceptibilities
Authors: Szabó István , Beck Britta , Friese Anika , Fetsch Alexandra , Tenhagen Bernd-Alois , Roesler Uwe 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACT

In this study we investigated the kinetics of colonization, the host susceptibility and transmissibility of methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
(MRSA) after nasal treatment of pigs with three different MRSA strains of distinctive clonal lineages (sequence type 398 [ST398], ST8, and ST9), and origin in weaning piglets. The colonization dose of 5.0 × 10
8
CFU/animal was determined in preliminary animal studies. A total of 57 piglets were randomly divided into four test groups and one control group. Each of three test groups was inoculated intranasally with either MRSA ST8, MRSA ST9, or MRSA ST398. The fourth group was a mixture of animals inoculated with MRSA ST398 and noninoculated “sentinel” animals. Clinical signs, the nasal, conjunctival, and skin colonization of MRSA, fecal excretion, and organ distribution of MRSA, as well as different environmental samples were examined. After nasal inoculation with MRSA piglets of all four test groups showed no clinical signs of an MRSA infection. MRSA was present on the nasal mucosa, skin, and conjunctiva in all four test groups, including sentinel animals. Likewise, fecal excretion and internal colonization of MRSA ST8, ST9, and ST398 could be shown in each group. However, fecal excretion and the colonization rate of the nasal mucosa with MRSA ST9 were significantly lower in the first days after infection than in test groups infected with ST8 and ST398. The results of this study suggest differences in colonization potential of the different MRSA types in pigs. Furthermore, colonization of lymph nodes (e.g., the ileocecal lymph node) with MRSA of the clonal lineage ST398 was demonstrated.
Controlled Gene Expression in Bifidobacteria by Use of a Bile-Responsive Element
Authors: Ruiz Lorena , Álvarez-Martín Pablo , Mayo Baltasar , de los Reyes-Gavilán Clara G. , Gueimonde Miguel , Margolles Abelardo 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACT

The promoter activity of the upstream region of the bile-inducible gene
betA
from
Bifidobacterium longum
subsp.
longum
NCC2705 was characterized. DNA fragments were cloned into the reporter vector pMDYAbfB, and the arabinofuranosidase activity was determined under different
in vitro
conditions. A segment of 469 bp was found to be the smallest operational unit that retains bile inducibility. The reporter activity was strongly affected by the presence of ox gall, cholate, and conjugated cholate, but not by other bile salts and cell-surface-acting compounds. Remarkably, this bile-inducible system was also active in other bifidobacteria containing
betA
homologs.
Newly Identified Genetic Variations in Common Escherichia coli MG1655 Stock Cultures
Authors: Freddolino Lydia , Amini Sasan , Tavazoie Saeed 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACT

We have recently identified seven mutations in commonly used stocks of the sequenced
Escherichia coli
strain MG1655 which do not appear in the reference sequence. The mutations are likely to cause loss of function of the
glpR
and
crl
genes, which may have serious implications for physiological experiments using the affected strains.
Involvement of the Global Crp Regulator in Cyclic AMP-Dependent Utilization of Aromatic Amino Acids by Pseudomonas putida
Authors: Herrera M. Carmen , Daddaoua Abdelali , Fernández-Escamilla Ana , Ramos Juan-Luis 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACT

The
phhAB
operon encodes a phenylalanine hydroxylase involved in the conversion of
l
-phenylalanine into
l
-tyrosine in
Pseudomonas putida
. The
phhAB
promoter is transcribed by RNA polymerase sigma-70 and is unusual in that the specific regulator PhhR acts as an enhancer protein that binds to two distant upstream sites (−75 to −92 and −132 to −149). There is an integration host factor (IHF) binding site that overlaps the proximal PhhR box, and, consequently, IHF acts as an inhibitor of transcription. Use of
l
-phenylalanine is compromised in a
crp
-deficient background due to reduced expression from the
phhAB
promoter. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays and DNase I footprinting assays reveal that Crp binds at a site centered at −109 only in the presence of cyclic AMP (cAMP). We show, using circular permutation analysis, that the simultaneous binding of Crp/cAMP and PhhR bends DNA to bring positive regulators and RNA polymerase into close proximity. This nucleoprotein complex promotes transcription from
phhA
only in response to
l
-phenylalanine.
Sleep problems and risk of fibromyalgia: Longitudinal data on an adult female population in Norway
Authors: Mork Paul J. , Nilsen Tom I. L. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractObjectiveSleep problems are common among patients with fibromyalgia (FM). However, it is not known whether poor sleep is a contributing factor in FM or a consequence of the illness. The aim of the current study was to prospectively investigate the association between self‐reported sleep problems and risk of FM among adult women.MethodsWe longitudinally studied 12,350 women who did not have FM, musculoskeletal pain, or physical impairments at baseline (1984–1986). A generalized linear model was used to calculate the adjusted relative risk (RR) of FM at followup in 1995–1997.ResultsIncident FM was reported by 327 women at followup. A dose‐dependent association was found between sleep problems and risk of FM (P for trend < 0.001), with an adjusted RR of 3.43 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 2.26–5.19) among women who reported having sleep problems often or always, compared to women who never experienced sleep problems. Age‐stratified analysis showed that women age ≥45 years who reported having sleep problems often or always had an adjusted RR of 5.41 (95% CI 2.65–11.05), whereas the corresponding RR for women ages 20–44 years who reported having sleep problems often or always was 2.98 (95% CI 1.76–5.05).ConclusionThese prospective data indicate a strong dose‐dependent association between sleep problems and risk of FM. The association is somewhat, although not significantly, stronger in middle‐aged and older women than in younger women.
Comparing the effects of insulin glargine and thiazolidinediones on plasma lipids in type 2 diabetes: a patient‐level pooled analysis
Authors: Chaudhuri Ajay , Rosenstock Julio , DiGenio Andres , Meneghini Luigi , Hollander Priscilla , McGill Janet B. , Dandona Paresh , Ilgenfritz John , Riddle Matthew 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe prevalence of dyslipidaemia and the risk of cardiovascular disease are elevated in patients with type 2 diabetes. This analysis compared the effects of insulin glargine versus thiazolidinediones (TZDs) on lipid profiles.MethodsPatient‐level data were pooled from two randomized clinical studies. The population included 552 men and women aged >18 years, diagnosed with type 2 diabetes for at least 6 months, on metformin and/or sulphonylurea, and with A1C ≥7.5% and <12.0% at screening. Lipid outcome measures included change from baseline in lipid levels [low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C), non‐high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (non‐HDL‐C), total cholesterol, triglycerides, and free fatty acids] and attainment of lipid goals for LDL‐C, non‐HDL‐C, and triglycerides.ResultsBoth insulin glargine and TZDs improved lipid profiles from baseline values. Compared with TZDs, treatment with insulin glargine led to 7.9% greater reduction in LDL‐C (p < 0.0003), 7.5% greater reduction in non‐HDL‐C (p < 0.0001), and 7.8% greater reduction in total cholesterol (p < 0.0001), whereas the HDL‐C increase with TZD was 7.6% greater than that with insulin glargine (p < 0.0001). The percentage of patients attaining the lipid goals was comparable between insulin glargine and pioglitazone, but lower for rosiglitazone. Insulin glargine improved glycaemic control more than TZDs; however, insulin glargine caused more hypoglycaemia. Treatment with TZDs caused more weight gain and peripheral oedema.ConclusionThese findings suggest that the favourable effects of insulin glargine on plasma lipid profiles should be considered among the advantages of treatment with insulin glargine as they are for TZDs. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
FLI1 is a novel ETS transcription factor involved in gene fusions in prostate cancer
Authors: Paulo Paula , Barros‐Silva João D. , Ribeiro Franclim R. , Ramalho‐Carvalho João , Jerónimo Carmen , Henrique Rui , Lind Guro E. , Skotheim Rolf I. , Lothe Ragnhild A. , Teixeira Manuel R. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractTo characterize the pattern of ETS rearrangements and to uncover novel ETS fusion genes, we analyzed 200 prostate carcinomas (PCa) with TaqMan low‐density arrays (TLDAs), followed by selective analyses with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), RT‐PCR, and sequencing. Besides confirming the recurrent presence of ERG, ETV1, ETV4, and ETV5 rearrangements, we here report FLI1 as the fifth ETS transcription factor involved in fusion genes in prostate cancer. Outlier expression of the FLI1 gene was detected by TLDAs in one PCa that showed relative overexpression of FLI1 exons 4:5 as compared with FLI1 exons 2:3. A structural rearrangement was found using FISH probes flanking the FLI1 gene and RT‐PCR and sequencing analyses showed fusion of SLC45A3 exon 1 with FLI1 exon 3. Interestingly, we found four cases with two different ETS rearrangements in the index tumor, thus revealing intratumor genetic heterogeneity. Correlation analysis with clinico‐pathological data showed association of ERG rearrangements with locally advanced disease (pT3, P = 0.007) and MYC overexpression (P = 0.001), and association of ETV1 rearrangements with PTEN downregulation (P = 0.015). We report that FLI1 is a novel ETS transcription factor involved in gene fusions in prostate cancer and that intratumor genetic heterogeneity of ETS rearrangements can occasionally be found in index primary tumors. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Perception of Hand Force in Power Grip for Females
Authors: Li Kai Way , Yu Ruifeng , Zhang Wei 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBorg's rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and category ratio (CR‐10) scales are commonly used to quantify perceived muscular exertion for body segments. Twenty females participated in an experiment to study the power grip force at four perceived exertion levels using either dominant or nondominant hand under two posture conditions. It was found that the subjects tended to apply a higher power grip force (100% of perceived maximum voluntary contraction) than the levels they were requested to apply. The power grip forces between dominant and nondominant hands at low hand exertion levels were negligible. The grip forces between the two hands were significantly different when the exertion level was nearly maximal. Linear regression models were established for the subjects to link the relationship between the perceived hand exertion and measured grip force, hand used, and hand/arm posture. All the models were statistically significant (p < 0.0001) with R2 values 0.97 or higher. These models provided better estimates in perceived hand exertion for dominant hand than for nondominant hand. A follow‐up experiment was conducted to measure the subjective rating of both the CR‐10 and RPE when a 98 N grip force was applied. It was found that the subjects reported higher exertion levels when they were using the CR‐10 scale than when they were using the RPE scale. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Modelling of stormwater biofilters under random hydrologic variability: a case study of a car park at Monash University, Victoria (Australia)
Authors: Daly E. , Deletic A. , Hatt B. E. , Fletcher T. D. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBiofiltration systems represent an effective technology for the management of urban stormwater runoff volumes and quality. The performance of these systems, although largely dependent on their physical characteristics, is also strongly affected by the natural variability of runoff occurrence and volumes. This article presents a model that describes the statistical behaviour of the main variables involved in the water balance of a biofiltration system, given its main physical properties (filter media and vegetation types) and accounting for the natural inflow variability in terms of occurrence and water volumes. The model permits the analytical derivation of the long‐term (e.g. annual) probability density function of the soil water content in the filter media and the estimation of the main statistics of water fluxes, that is, outflow, evapotranspiration and overflow. By relating the soil water content in the filter media before inflow events to the outflow total nitrogen concentrations, the model also gives estimates of the statistics of nitrogen removal performance as a function of inflow variability. The model was tested against field data collected at a stormwater biofiltration system in Melbourne, Australia. The model could be used to rapidly assess the hydrologic and nitrogen treatment performance of alternative applications of biofiltration for stormwater management across a range of climates. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.