bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conventional type 1 dendritic cells are essential for the development of primary biliary cholangitis
Authors: Reuveni Debby , Assi Siwar , Gore Yael , Brazowski Eli , Leung Patrick S. C. , Shalit Tali , Gershwin Merrill E. , Zigmond Ehud 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackground & AimsPrimary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a progressive‐cholestatic autoimmune liver disease. Dendritic cells (DC) are professional antigen‐presenting cells and their prominent presence around damaged bile ducts of PBC patients are documented. cDC1 is a rare subset of DC known for its cross‐presentation abilities and interleukin 12 production. Our aim was to assess the role of cDC1 in the pathogenesis of PBC.MethodsWe utilized an inducible murine model of PBC and took advantage of the DC reporter mice Zbtb46gfp and the Batf3−/− mice that specifically lack the cDC1 subset. cDC1 cells were sorted from blood of PBC patients and healthy individuals and subjected to Bulk‐MARS‐seq transcriptome analysis.ResultsHistopathology assessment demonstrated peri‐portal inflammation in wild type (WT) mice, whereas only minor abnormalities were observed in Batf3−/− mice. Flow cytometry analysis revealed a two‐fold reduction in hepatic CD8/CD4 T cells ratio in Batf3−/− mice, suggesting reduced intrahepatic CD8 T cells expansion. Histological evidence of portal fibrosis was detected only in the WT but not in Batf3−/− mice. This finding was supported by decreased expression levels of pro‐fibrotic genes in the livers of Batf3−/− mice. Transcriptome analysis of human cDC1, revealed 78 differentially expressed genes between PBC patients and controls. Genes related to antigen presentation, TNF and IFN signalling and mitochondrial dysfunction were significantly increased in cDC1 isolated from PBC patients.ConclusionOur data illustrated the contribution the cDC1 subset in the pathogenesis of PBC and provides a novel direction for immune based cell‐specific targeted therapeutic approach in PBC.
Changes in blue whale survival and abundance in the Gulf of California
Authors: Whittome Georgina , Calambokidis John , Douglas Annie B. , Fishbach Michael , Sears Richard , Hammond Philip S. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the drivers of population abundance and distribution is fundamental to ecology and key to informing conservation actions, particularly in endangered species like blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus). Historically, some Eastern North Pacific blue whales have aggregated in the Gulf of California (GoC) each winter. Using photo‐identification data collected around Loreto Bay from 1984 to 2020, we analyzed 453 sightings histories using mark‐recapture models. Estimated apparent survival (including permanent emigration) decreased from 0.991, 95% CI [0.977, 0.997] in 1985 to 0.889, 95% CI [0.807, 0.939] in 2019. The estimated number of whales using the study area declined from 96 whales, 95% CI [50, 254] in 2012 to 13 whales, 95% CIs [12, 23 and 12, 28] in 2018 and 2019. Abundance of the whole Eastern North Pacific population is slowly increasing, so our results likely reflect declining usage of the GoC. Linear models found a relationship between the number of whales in the GoC and the difference in sea surface temperature between the study area and the Costa Rica Dome wintering area, suggesting that environmental variation could explain variation in blue whale numbers in the GoC. These results highlight the importance of tracking population dynamics as changing environmental conditions affect the range and distribution of populations.
Social structure and site fidelity of an oceanic delphinid: the rough‐toothed dolphin (Steno bredanensis) off the southwest Pacific coast of Mexico
Authors: Pouey‐Santalou Victoria , Weiss Michael , Ramos Eric Angel , Kiszka Jeremy J. , Ramírez Barragán Raúl Fernando , García Chavez Andrea Jacqueline , Audley Katherina 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRough‐toothed dolphins (Steno bredanensis) typically inhabit deep oceanic waters from tropical to temperate waters worldwide. However, their ecology and behavior remain poorly understood. We investigated site fidelity and social structure of rough‐toothed dolphins using photo‐identification data collected between 2014 and 2022 in the continental shelf waters of the southwestern coast of Mexico. A total of 133 groups of rough‐toothed dolphins were recorded. Mean group size was 4.9 individuals (SD = 4.5), and dolphins were encountered in waters of a mean depth of 110 m (SD = 188). Of 228 individuals identified, 55% were observed once, 39% were seen between two and four times, and 6% were seen five times or more. Site fidelity analysis suggests three levels of site fidelity: transients, occasional visitors, and regular visitors, which are likely to affect the social structure. Through network analysis, nonrandom social patterns were identified (S = 1.25 ± 0.26) and dolphins exhibited both preferences and avoidances of social partners. Cluster analysis suggested significant divisions within the population (Q = 0.43 ± 0.05). Despite limitations related to sample size and design, this preliminary study suggests that rough‐toothed dolphins are best characterized by a fission‐fusion society, which is similar to most coastal delphinid populations.
Effect of prostaglandin alone and in combination with trace minerals on the follicular and luteal dynamics, estrus response and pregnancy in sub‐estrus buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)
Authors: Rajput A. S. , Sasidharan J. K. , Pandiyan N. , Rafiq M. M. , Pandey A. K. , Tomar A. K. S. , Singh M. , Das G. K. , Patra M. K. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSub‐estrus is a condition when buffaloes do not display behavioural estrus signs, despite being in estrus and causes a delay in conception and increases the service period. The present study describes the effect of synthetic prostaglandin (PGF2α) alone and in combination with trace minerals on the follicular and corpus luteum (CL) dynamics, serum estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) concentration correlating estrus response and pregnancy outcome in sub‐estrus buffaloes during the breeding season. A total of 50 sub‐estrus buffaloes, identified through ultrasonography (USG) examination, were randomly allocated into three groups, viz. T1 (Synthetic PGF2α, Inj. Cloprostenol 500 μg, i.m, n = 17), T2 (Synthetic PGF2α + Trace mineral supplementation, Inj. Stimvet 1 mL/100 kg body weight, i.m., n = 17) and control (untreated; n = 16). Following treatment, 100% of sub‐estrus buffaloes were induced estrus in the T1 and T2 groups, while only 18.75% were induced in the control. The CL diameter and serum P4 concentration were significantly lower at post‐treatment, whereas the pre‐ovulatory follicle (POF) size and serum E2 concentration were significantly higher in the T1 and T2 groups as compared to the control (p < .05). The buffaloes of the T2 group had a greater proportion of moderate intensities estrus than those of T1. Moreover, the proportion of buffaloes conceived in the T1 and T2 were 41.2% and 52.95%, respectively. The larger POF diameter and higher serum E2 concentration were associated with intense intensity estrus and higher conception rate (66.7%) in sub‐estrus buffaloes. Similarly, CL regression rate, POF size and serum E2 concentration were relatively higher in the buffaloes conceived as compared to those not conceived. It is concluded that synthetic PGF2α in combination with trace minerals induces moderate to intense intensities estrus in a greater proportion of sub‐estrus buffaloes and increases the conception rate during the breeding season. Moreover, behavioural estrus attributes correlating follicle and luteal morphometry, serum E2 and P4 concentration could be used to optimise the breeding time for augmenting the conception rate in sub‐estrus buffaloes.
Development of PCR‐based genetic test for detection of TTF1 mutation causing abortion in Holstein Friesian cattle
Authors: Surati Utsav , Niranjan Saket Kumar 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA stop‐gain mutation (rs715966442; BTA11: 1,02,463,944 nucleotide position) in transcription termination factor, RNA polymerase I (TTF1) gene causes abortion in Holstein Friesian (HF) cattle. A PCR‐restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR‐RFLP)‐based genetic test has been developed and validated to screen the TTF1 mutation locus in HF cattle. The mutation locus was screened in 80 HF and HF crossbreds using the protocol, which revealed two animals as carriers of the mutant TTF1 allele. The test employed is cost‐effective, rapid and precise and can be utilized as an effective tool for the screening of TTF1 mutation carriers in HF cattle population.
The oral health status and treatment needs of adults with intellectual disabilities in Auckland
Authors: Ngo Di Ying Joanna , Yeung Beth , Yap Qai Ven , Thomson William Murray 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimsAdults with intellectual disabilities (ID) are known to have poor oral health and complex dental needs requiring treatment under general anesthesia (GA). This retrospective chart review aimed to provide information on the oral health status and treatment needs of adults with ID in Auckland.Methods and ResultsData on 1075 adult patients with ID seen through the Auckland public dental service during the period June 2016 to April 2020 were drawn from electronic notes. Analyses focused on age group differences and the characteristics associated with the use of GA for dental treatment. More cumulative caries experience, poorer oral hygiene, and more missing teeth were observed among those who were older. About half (50.8%) of the patients used GA for dental treatment. This proportion was higher among those who were younger, less independent, non‐verbal, with poorer oral hygiene, or who had active decay.ConclusionAdults with ID are a heterogeneous population with unmet dental treatment needs. Different age groups require consideration of distinct characteristics for dental care provision. It is important to be for public sector service provision to be developed to consider predictors for GA service use in patients who are younger, less independent, non‐verbal, or have active decay.
Dental findings and intravenous sedation in a patient with Potocki–Lupski syndrome: A case report
Authors: Wakita Ryo , Kusumoto Yasuka , Shinozuka Osamu ,   Tokyo Metropolitan Hachinan Dental Association, Fukayama Haruhisa , Maeda Shigeru 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimsPotocki–Lupski syndrome (PTLS), which is caused by the partial duplication of the short arm of autosome 17, is characterized by feeding difficulties associated with muscle hypotonia and dysphagia in infancy, followed by growth retardation and low body weight in later stages. Speech and motor developmental disorders are observed in childhood, accompanied by autism spectrum disorders in several cases. Other disorders include dental and skeletal abnormalities, and associated sleep apnea. Herein, we describe the first case of dental evaluation and treatment under intravenous sedation in a patient with PTLS.MethodsA 13‐year‐old boy with PTLS and intellectual disability was referred for the treatment of dental caries. Routine intraoral examination and dental treatment were not feasible. As the patient had no muscle hypotonia, dysphagia, or severe growth delay, intraoral examination and dental treatment were successfully performed under intravenous sedation. No incidence of intraoral airway obstruction or aspiration was reported. The patient was followed‐up post‐operatively.ConclusionPTLS, a newly identified syndrome, is associated with cardiovascular abnormalities, dysphagia, failure to thrive, and sleep apnea, which are potential risk factors for sedation. This case report highlights the importance of facial and oral findings in determining the risks of difficulties in airway management.
The Role of Cultural Communication: Stereotype and Prejudice in the Amhara & Afar Ethnic Groups
Authors: Gessese Ayele Anawetie , Haile Jemal Mohammed , Gedamu Kalewongel Minale 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study examines the role of intercultural communication barriers of stereotypes and prejudices that can escalate, prevent, and manage violent inter‐ethnic conflicts between Amhara and Afar ethnic groups. The study used an explanatory design. Data were mainly collected through Focus Group Discussions and In‐depth Interviews. Participants of FGD and respondents of the in‐depth interviews were selected using purposive and snowball sampling. As per the findings, several types of ethnic‐based negative stereotypical perceptions were manifested by both Amhara and Afar ethnic groups. Hostile prejudicial feelings are developed based on the stereotyped perceptions of both ethnic groups. As per the findings, this stereotype‐based hate and hostile prejudicial feelings affect the inter‐ethnic communication of the two ethnic groups and contribute to the escalation of violent conflicts.
Implementation of a countywide adult suicide review commission: Development, lessons learned, and recommendations
Authors: Kohlbeck Sara A. , Schramm Andrew T. , Monroe Tricia , Kant Jacey , McLeod Emilie , deRoon‐Cassini Terri A. , Hargarten Stephen W. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionFatality review is a public health approach designed to inform efforts to prevent fatalities of a certain kind (e.g., suicide, homicide) or in a specific setting or population (e.g., hospitals, youth). Despite extensive literature on fatality review generally, the literature on suicide review teams specifically is scant. The aim of this paper is to: describe the implementation of a local adult suicide review commission, detail examples of initial outcomes and recommendations developed by the commission, and provide recommendations and/or best practices for how to develop and implement an adult suicide review team.MethodsWe utilize framing questions from the American Association of Suicidology's psychological autopsy framework. By using these guiding questions in the discussion, members are invited to explore not only the stressors that may have more immediately preceded the suicide event itself, but to situate those stressors in the context of the individual's life course.ResultsSeveral recommendations proposed by our commission have resulted in tangible outcomes and are detailed using Haddon's Matrix as a guiding prevention planning tool.ImplicationsWe have highlighted the need to move beyond looking at individual‐level help‐seeking to focus on structural/systemic issues that result in stress or create unsafe environments for at‐risk individuals.
Impact of temperature on physical and cognitive performance in elite female football players during intermittent exercise
Authors: Pompeo Alberto , Afonso José , Cirillo Everton Luis Rodrigues , Costa Júlio A. , Vilaça‐Alves José , Garrido Nuno , González‐Víllora Sixto , Williams Andrew Mark , Casanova Filipe 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThere is limited research on female football players, especially related to their physical and cognitive performance under different climactic conditions. We analyzed the impact of a hot environmental temperature on physical performance and anticipation in elite female football players during a fatigue‐inducing intermittent protocol. Elite female players (n = 21) performed the countermovement jump (CMJ) and responded to filmed sequences of offensive play under two distinct environmental temperatures (i.e., mild environment temperature‐ 20°C and 30% rh versus hot environment temperature‐ 38°C and 80% rh), interspersed by 1‐week interval. Linear mixed models were used. CMJ performance declined following the intermittent protocol on both temperature conditions (p < 0.05). Moreover, there were significant main effects for protocol on CMJ speed (m/s) (p = 0.001; ηp2 = 0.12), CMJ power (p = 0.002; ηp2 = 0.11), and CMJ Heightmax (p = 0.002; ηp2 = 0.12). After performing the intermittent protocol, exposure to a hot temperature caused a greater decline in anticipation accuracy (mild temperature = 64.41% vs. hot temperature = 53.44%; p < 0.001). Our study shows impaired performance in elite female football players following an intermittent protocol under hot compared with mild environmental conditions. We report decreased performance in both CMJ and anticipation performance under hotter conditions. The results reveal that exposure to hot temperatures had a negative effect on the accuracy of their anticipatory behaviors. We consider the implication of the work for research and training interventions.
Techniques for subretinal injections in animals
Authors: Boyd Ryan F. , Petersen‐Jones Simon M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSubretinal injections are not commonly performed during clinical treatment of animals but are frequently used in laboratory animal models to assess therapeutic efficacy and safety of gene and cell therapy products. Veterinary ophthalmologists are often employed to perform the injections in the laboratory animal setting, due to knowledge of comparative ocular anatomy between species and familiarity with operating on non‐human eyes. Understanding the different approaches used for subretinal injection in each species and potential complications that may be encountered is vital to achieving successful and reproducible results. This manuscript provides a summary of different approaches to subretinal injections in the most common animal model species, along with information from published literature and experience of the authors to educate novice or experienced surgeons tasked with performing these injections for the first time.
Unified invariant of knots from homological braid action on Verma modules
Authors: Martel Jules , Willetts Sonny 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe re‐build the quantum unified invariant of knots from braid groups' action on tensors of Verma modules. It is a two variables series having the particularity of interpolating both families of colored Jones polynomials and ADO polynomials, that is, semisimple and non‐semisimple invariants of knots constructed from quantum . We prove this last fact in our context that re‐proves (a generalization of) the famous Melvin–Morton–Rozansky conjecture first proved by Bar‐Natan and Garoufalidis. We find a symmetry of nicely generalizing the well‐known one of the Alexander polynomial, ADO polynomials also inherit this symmetry. It implies that quantum non‐semisimple invariants are not detecting knots' orientation. Using the homological definition of Verma modules we express as a generating sum of intersection pairing between fixed Lagrangians of configuration spaces of disks. Finally, we give a formula for using a generalized notion of determinant, that provides one for the ADO family. It generalizes that for the Alexander invariant.
Non-Gaussian Multivariate Process Capability Based on the Copulas Method: An Application to Aircraft Engine Fan Blades
Authors: Ferraris Cyprien , Achibi Mohamed 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Process capability indices (PCIs) are major tools in geometric dimensioning and tolerancing (GD&T) for quantifying the production quality, monitoring production, or prioritizing projects. Initially, PCIs were constructed for studying each characteristic of the process independently. Then, they have been extended to analyze several dependent characteristics simultaneously. Nowadays, with the increasing complexity of the production parts, for example, in aircraft engines, the conformity of one part may rely on the conformity of hundreds of characteristics. Also, because those characteristics are dependent, it may be misleading to make decisions based only on univariate PCIs. However, classical multivariate PCIs in the literature do not allow treating such amount of data efficiently, unless assuming Gaussian distribution, which may be false. Regarding those issues, we advocate for PCI based on some transformation of the conformity rates. This presents the advantage of being free from distributional assumptions, such as the Gaussian distribution. In addition, it has direct interpretation, allowing it to compare different processes. To estimate the PCIs of parts with hundreds of characteristics, we propose to use Vine Copulas. This is a very flexible class of models, which gives precise estimation even in high dimension. From an industrial perspective, the computation of the estimator can be costly. To answer this point, one explains how to compute a lower bound of the proposed PCI, which is faster to calculate. We illustrate our method adaptability with simulations under Gaussian and non-Gaussian distributions. We apply it to compare the production of fan blades of two different factories.
An Origami-Enabled Soft Linear Actuator and Its Application on a Crawling Robot
Authors: Yan Shuiqing , Song Keyao , Wang Xiashuang , Li Jiake , Ma Zhe , Zhou Xiang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Soft linear actuators have strong deformation ability and good environmental adaptability, which have been widely used in soft robot design. However, little work has focused on designing soft linear actuators with balanced performances, featuring fast driving speed, large output displacement, being lightweight, and miniaturization. Herein, we present a novel soft linear actuator design based on the Kresling origami structure. By driving the Kresling tubes with a servo motor, the soft linear actuator has good compliance and strong environmental adaptability and can achieve a driving speed, large driving force, and high control precision comparable to the traditional electrical motor. The analytical models of the Kresling tubes and the whole actuator are respectively derived to analyze the mechanical properties, determine the optimal geometry of the Kresling tube, and evaluate the driving performance of the whole actuator. The actuator prototype is fabricated by 3D printing, and the actual driving performance is tested. It is shown that the prototype can achieve a maximum output displacement of 18.9 mm without payload or 16 mm under a payload of 30 N. Finally, as a case study, the soft linear actuator is applied to a crawling robot, where the maximum moving speed of 28 mm/s is reached.
Experimental Heat Transfer Analysis of a New Turbulator in a Concentric Heat Exchanger Tube: A Full Factorial Design Approach
Authors: Karakaya Hakan , Deviren Hacire 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
People have been looking for alternative energy sources because current sources may be depleted. Furthermore, it is critical to utilize available energy sources as effectively as possible. Turbulators are among the topics to consider when it comes to energy efficiency. In practice, turbulators are often used in exchangers to enhance heat transfer. Putting newly constructed turbulators in determined locations of the constant surface temperature heat exchanger, velocity, temperatures, pressure, and flow measurements have been performed in the inlet and outlet. In the case of using different numbers of turbulators, their placement in different locations, their arrangement at different distances, and their use at different Reynolds, the changes in pressure drop, Nusselt number, friction factor, efficiency, exergy loss rate, and NTU were determined with the full-factor experimental design. When the test data were evaluated, it was seen that as the number of turbulators increased, the thermal efficiency, friction factor, and pressure loss also increased. Using turbulators in different numbers, at different positions, at different distances, and with different Reynolds numbers, the effect ratio on the pressure loss, Nusselt number, and friction factor parameters was detected. In the analyses made, the most efficient parameters on heat transfer were determined, respectively, as Reynolds number (64.55%), the position of turbulators (19.73%), the distance between turbulators (6.09%), and the number of turbulators (5.94%).