bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydraulics of time-variable water surface slope in rivers observed by satellite altimetry
Authors: Bauer-Gottwein Peter , Christoffersen Linda , Musaeus Aske , Frias Monica Coppo , Nielsen Karina 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The ICESat-2 and SWOT satellite earth observation missions provide highly accurate water surface slope (WSS) observations in global rivers for the first time. While water surface slope is expected to remain constant in time for approximately uniform flow conditions, we observe time varying water surface slope in many river reaches around the globe in the ICESat-2 record. Here, we investigate the causes of time variability of WSS using simplified river hydraulic models based on the theory of steady, gradually varied flow. We identify bed slope or cross section shape changes, river confluences, flood waves and backwater effects from lakes, reservoirs, or the ocean as the main hydraulic phenomena causing time changes of WSS in rivers. We illustrate these phenomena at selected prototypical river sites around the world. These sites show that WSS observations can provide new insights into river hydraulics and can enable estimation of river discharge from water level observations at sites with complex hydraulic characteristics.
The global biogeography of coastal oceanographic connectivity
Authors: Fragkopoulou Eliza , Legrand Térence , González-Trujillo Juan David , Assis Jorge 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

A better understanding of the extent to which coastal species passively disperse and establish connections across seascapes is instrumental for marine conservation and management, as well as biogeography and climate change research. This understanding is particularly relevant for projecting the dynamics of species' geographical ranges. However, a comprehensive perspective on the elemental structures and patterns of species connectivity along coastlines is currently lacking. To address this gap, we present a mechanistic biophysical approach designed to reveal communities in connectivity networks for a broad spectrum of taxonomic groups, including fishes, corals, molluscs, crustaceans, macroalgae, seagrasses, and mangroves on a global scale. This approach is grounded by 21 years of ocean current data and tuned by empirical information on species dispersal capacity, with kernels spanning from local to long-distance dispersal events. We delineate well-connected communities as distinct oceanographic units, explaining observed community composition derived from species range maps (approximately 4,000 species globally). We identify the location of connectivity barriers and the directional putative connectivity pathways at the global scale, revealing a global network between oceanographic units for each taxonomic group under consideration. By expanding connectivity analysis to the biogeographic scale, our findings establish baselines to enhance our understanding of the mechanisms controlling species dispersal and ongoing range shifts due to climate change. Additionally, they provide standards for the development of effective conservation and management spatial strategies for marine coastal species.
Exploring Exploitative Practices in Overseas Labour Migration: A Qualitative Case Study of Bangladeshi Male Migrant Experiences and Policy Implications
Authors: Mia Md. Sakib , Alam Morshed , Islam Md. Jahidul 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Migration is the transfer of individuals from one country or region to another. This study aims to provide significant insights into the dynamics of overseas male labour migration from Bangladesh and offer policy recommendations to preserve the rights and well-being of migrants. This qualitative study employed a multi-method approach to explore the exploitative practices experienced by Bangladeshi migrants facilitated by brokers during the overseas migration process. The research utilized a combination of in-depth case studies and a Phenomenological approach to gather comprehensive data on the subject matter. This research is consistent with prior studies on exploitative practices in labor migration, emphasizing the widespread occurrence of deceitful commitments, financial exploitation, and a lack of openness on the part of intermediaries. The results of this study indicate a requirement for comprehensive interventions to tackle the problem of exploitation in Bangladeshi male labour migration abroad.
Downscaled gridded global dataset for Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita PPP over 1990-2022
Authors: Kummu Matti , Kosonen Maria , Sayyar Sina Masoumzadeh 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

We present a comprehensive gridded GDP per capita dataset downscaled to the Admin 2 level (43,501 units) covering 1990–2022. It updates existing outdated datasets, which use reported subnational data only up to 2010. Our dataset, based on reported subnational GDP per capita data from 89 countries and 2,708 units, employed various novel methods for extrapolation and downscaling. Downscaling with machine learning algorithms showed high performance (R2 = 0.73 for test, R2 = 0.86 for entire dataset) and accuracy against reported datasets (Pearson R = 0.88). The dataset includes reported and downscaled annual data for three administrative levels—0 (national; 237 units), 1 (provincial), and 2 (municipality)—in polygon and 5 arc-min resolution raster formats. The dataset has a higher spatial resolution and wider temporal range than the existing data. We also provide total GDP by combining GDP per capita with population count. This new dataset can contribute to global or regional spatial analyses such as socioenvironmental modelling and economic resilience evaluation. The data are available in http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10976734.
Exploring the Impact of Organic-Inorganic Coupling on Nutrient Use Efficiency and Cane Yield in Calcareous Soils of the Indo-Gangetic Plains of India
Authors: Kumar Ajeet , Sinha S.K. , Kumar Brajesh , Kumari Amrita 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Improving nutrient use efficiency beyond its typical ceiling of 50% is imperative for enhancing sugarcane production and juice quality, while concurrently reducing reliance on synthetic fertilizers and mitigating environmental impact. To address this challenge, a field experiment was conducted during the year 2021–2022 at the Kalyanpur research farm of Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Bihar. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of integrated nutrient management on sugarcane yield and nutrient utilization efficiency in spring-planted crops. Employing the randomized block design with three replications, the experiment utilized the sugarcane variety CoP-112. Although various treatments exhibited no significant influence on parameters such as germination percentage, plant height, cane length, diameter and individual cane weight, the combination of the recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) with vermicompost and biofertilizer (Azotobacter + PSB) at a rate of 4 kg/ha resulted in the highest millable cane (125.4×103/ha) and cane yield (94.0 t/ha). This combination led to an increase of 78% and 24% over the sole prescribed dose of fertilizer and the absolute control, respectively. No substantial differences were observed in juice quality among treatments. The maximum agronomic use efficiency was achieved in plots treated with RDF + vermicompost + Azotobacter + PSB, exhibiting a 75% improvement over plots receiving only the recommended dose of fertilizer. The findings underscore the efficacy of integrated nutrient management as the optimal approach for fostering sustainable sugarcane production.
Can Foot Orthoses Benefit Symptomatic Runners? Mechanistic and Clinical Insights Through a Scoping Review
Authors: Duchetto Francis Del , Picard Cloé Dussault , Gagnon Martine , Dixon Philippe , Cherni Yosra 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Running is a widely practiced sport worldwide associated with a host of benefits on cardiovascular, metabolic, musculoskeletal, and mental health, but often leads to musculoskeletal overuse injuries. The prescription of a foot orthosis (FO) is common to manage musculoskeletal impairments during physical activity or functional tasks. Although FOs are frequently prescribed by clinicians for symptomatic populations of runners, the existing literature supporting the prescription of FOs in runners has predominantly focused on either uninjured individual or a mix of uninjured and symptomatic populations. Thus, the effects of FOs on the treatment and/or prevention of overuse running injuries need to be investigated to guide future research and assist clinicians in their decision-making process.
Objectives
This scoping review aimed to evaluate the immediate and long-term effects of FOs on lower limb biomechanics, neuromuscular parameters, and pain and disability in symptomatic runners, and to identify factors that may influence the effects of FOs.
Results
Five databases (CINAHL, SportDiscus, MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science) were searched, resulting in 2536 studies. A total of 30 studies, published between 1992 and 2023 (730 symptomatic runners) was included following the removal of duplicates and the screening process. Wearing FOs while running is related to an immediate and a long term decrease in pain and symptoms of overuse running injuries. Also, wearing FOs while running controls eversion at the foot/ankle complex, leads to a more lateral plantar pressure at the heel and forefoot, and may change running motor control strategies. Finally, the effectiveness of FOs is influenced by its corrective elements.
Conclusion
This study provides recommendations for future research such as the need for standardized methods in describing FOs, considering participant characteristics such as foot morphology, and comparing different types of FOs. Also, this scoping review provides valuable insights for guiding the prescription and design of FOs, and suggests that integrating FOs into a comprehensive treatment plan may yield better results than standalone first-line treatments. Nonetheless, this scoping review highlights the need for future research to explore the optimal integration of FOs into injury-specific treatment plans.
Cryo-TEM structure of β-glucocerebrosidase in complex with its transporter LIMP-2
Authors: Dobert Jan Philipp , Schäfer Jan-Hannes , Maso Thomas Dal , Socher Eileen , Versées Wim , Moeller Arne , Zunke Friederike , Arnold Philipp 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Nearly all lysosomal enzymes reach the lysosome via the mannose-6-phosphate receptor pathway. One of the few known exceptions is the enzyme β-glucocerebrosidase (GCase) that requires the lysosomal integral membrane protein type-2 (LIMP-2) as a proprietary lysosomal transporter. Genetic variations in the GCase encoding gene GBA1 are the cause of Gaucher’s disease (GD) and the highest genetic risk factor for developing Parkinson’s disease (PD). Activators targeting GCase have emerged as a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of both GD and PD, with pre-clinical and clinical trials ongoing. In this study, we resolved the complex of GCase and LIMP-2 to 3.6 Å using cryo-electron microscopy with the aid of an engineered LIMP-2 shuttle and two GCase-targeted pro-macrobodies. We identified helix 5 and helix 7 of LIMP-2 to interact with a binding pocket in GCase, forming a mostly hydrophobic interaction interface. Understanding the interplay of GCase and LIMP-2 on a structural level is crucial for identifying potential activation sites and conceptualizing novel therapeutic approaches targeting GCase. Here, we unveil the protein structure of a mannose-6-phosphate-independent lysosomal transporting complex and provide fundamental knowledge for translational clinical research to overcome GD and PD.
DEEPSCAN: Integrating Vision Transformers for Advanced Skin Lesion Diagnostics
Authors: A Jenefa , V Edward Naveen , Ravi Vinayakumar , S Punitha , Alahmadi Tahani Jaser , Stephan Thompson , Singh Prabhishek , Diwakar Manoj 
Published: April 2024

Introduction/Background
The rise in dermatological conditions, especially skin cancers, highlights the urgency for accurate diagnostics. Traditional imaging methods face challenges in capturing complex skin lesion patterns, risking misdiagnoses. Classical CNNs, though effective, often miss intricate patterns and contextual nuances.

Materials and Methods
Our research investigates the adoption of Vision Transformers (ViTs) in diagnosing skin lesions, capitalizing on their attention mechanisms and global contextual insights. Utilizing the fictional Dermatological Vision Dataset (DermVisD) with over 15,000 annotated images, we compare ViTs against traditional CNNs. This approach aims to assess the potential benefits of ViTs in dermatology.

Results
Initial experiments showcase an 18% improvement in diagnostic accuracy using ViTs over CNNs, with ViTs achieving a remarkable 97.8% accuracy on the validation set. These findings suggest that ViTs are significantly more adept at recognizing complex lesion patterns.

Discussion
The integration of Vision Transformers into dermatological imaging marks a promising shift towards more accurate diagnostics. By leveraging global contextual understanding and attention mechanisms, ViTs offer a nuanced approach that could surpass traditional methods. This advancement indicates a potential for setting new accuracy benchmarks in skin lesion diagnostics.

Conclusion
ViTs present a significant advancement in the field of dermatological imaging, potentially redefining accuracy and reliability standards. This study underscores the transformative impact of ViTs on the detection and diagnosis of skin conditions, advocating for their broader adoption in clinical settings.
Psychopathology, creativity, and aggression: The power of an Eysenckian-informed discriminant analysis
Authors: Yaniv Hilla , Glicksohn Joseph 
Published: April 2024

We investigated the predictive power of Psychoticism in distinguishing among five groups of individuals whose behavior should be reflective of Psychoticism: those presenting with psychopathology, creativity, or aggression. These five groups comprised: a group of 27 individuals suffering from mental disorders without a history of aggression, compared to a group of 23 individuals suffering from mental disorders with a history of aggression; our third group comprised 27 individuals who scored in the highest 10% on an Aggression Questionnaire; our fourth group comprised 26 creative individuals who studied in recognized institutions of fine arts and music or worked in creative fields; a control group of 27 participants having no psychiatric past, no indication of aggression, and who did not work in creative fields, comprised our fifth group. A discriminant analysis supported a model employing five predictors (Psychoticism, Neuroticism, Lie Scale, Schizotypy, and Absorption) and two interactions (Neuroticism × Psychoticism, and Neuroticism × Absorption). The individual group hit rates ranged between 35% and 65%. All groups had a higher level of Psychoticism (P) compared to the control group, which supports the Eysenckian view of a P-psychosis relationship, a P-psychopathy relationship, and a P-creativity relationship.
Indonesia high school teacher’s organizational citizenship behavior
Authors: Utari Rahmania 
Published: April 2024

The teacher's job characteristics are pretty challenging. It is widely known that teachers need extra commitment and work beyond their duties. This research aims to describe the OCB level among teachers in the Special Province of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The study was conducted using quantitative research with a descriptive analysis technique. 97 high school teachers were involved in the study. The questionnaire employs a rating scale with a Likert scale style. The instrument of the OCB scale is developed based on the modification of the grounded research conducted by Shaheen et al. in 2016. The results show that the average score of OCB teachers attain is 80.32. There, 17.52% of teachers had a total score under 75, and 8.25% obtained a score higher than 90. Teaching etiquette and showing empathy are the most OCB performed by teachers, followed by the teacher’s approach to students. Even though the general scores in each OCB factor are pretty good, it can be found that the most suffering dimension of a teacher’s OCB is in the teacher’s social awareness. Tingkat perilaku kewargaan organisasi pada guru sekolah menengah atasKarakteristik pekerjaan guru terbilang menantang. Diketahui secara luas bahwa guru membutuhkan komitmen ekstra dan bekerja di luar tugasnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tingkat OCB pada guru di Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Metode penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan teknik deskriptif. Sejumlah 97 guru SMA dilibatkan dalam penelitian ini. Kuesioner menggunakan skala penilaian dengan gaya skala Likert. Instrumen skala OCB dikembangkan berdasarkan modifikasi grounded research yang dilakukan oleh Shaheen et.al pada tahun 2016. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata skor OCB yang dicapai guru adalah 80,32. Terdapat 17,52% guru dengan nilai total di bawah 75 dan 8,25% di antaranya memperoleh nilai total di atas 90. Etika mengajar dan menunjukkan empati merupakan OCB yang paling banyak dilakukan oleh guru, disusul dengan pendekatan individual guru kepada siswa. Walaupun skor umum pada masing-masing faktor OCB cukup baik, namun dapat ditemukan bahwa dimensi OCB guru yang paling lemah adalah kesadaran sosial guru.
Karakteristik Butir Instrumen Assessmen Dynamic Capaian Karakter Anak Usia Dini: Analisis Rasch Model
Authors: Harun Harun , Prayitno Prayitno , Sudaryanti Sudaryanti , Rolina Nelva , Manaf Abdul 
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendekripsikan karakteristik butir instrumen yang digunakan dalam mengukur capaian karakter anak usia dini. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif, menganalisis data kuantitatif hasil pengukuran capaian karakter anak TK yang ada di Pontianak, Kalimantan Barat. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 40 anak yang dinilai oleh gurunya. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan survey dan kuesioner digunakan sebagai instrumen pengumpulan data. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan Rasch Model. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa instrumen kuesioner yang memuat 45 butir pernyataan memiliki tingkat kesukaran yang heterogen yaitu sangat mudah, mudah, sulit, dan sangat sulit. Keterkaitan antara butir dengan responden terdapat satu butir yang sangat mudah dan sangat sulit direspon oleh responden. Ada 44 butir pernyataan dikatan sesuai (item fit) karena memiliki: (a) nilai MNSQ OUTFIT lebih besar dari 0.5 dan kurang dari 1.5. (b) Nilai ZSTD OUTFIT lebih besar dari -2,0 dan lebih kecil dari +2.0. (c) Nilai PT MEASURE CORR lebih besar dari 0,4 dan kurang dari 0.85. Berdasarkan nilai Alpha Cronbach, instrumen memiliki koefisien relibilitas lebih besar 0.7 yang merupakan interaksi antara person dan item secara keseluruhan dan reliabilitas sudah sangat memuaskan. Dengan demikian butir instrumen assessmen dynamic telah memenuhi kriteria sebagai instrumen yang berkualitas dan dapat digunakan guru TK dalam mengukur pencapaian perkembangan karakter anak usia dini. Selain itu, didalam instrumen tersebut menilai 4 demensi karakter yaitu hubungan dengan Tuhan, diri sendiri, sesama, dan lingkungan.
QUALITY CONTROL PRODUK VCO SECARA MUDAH, MURAH DAN AKURAT
Authors: Louise Isana Supiah Yosephine , Laksono Endang Widjajanti , Sulistyani Sulistyani 
Published: April 2024

VCO (virgin coconut oil) merupakan salah satu komoditas yang memungkinkan diproduksi secara besar-besaran karena selain memiliki daya simpan relatif lama juga memiliki kelebihan-kelebihan lain, antara lain memiliki khasiat obat, dapat digunakan sebagai bahan pangan maupun obat, harga jual relatif tinggi, dan sangat memungkinkan dijadikan komoditas ekspor. Untuk itu quality control produk VCO sangat perlu mendapatkan perhatian khusus supaya penjualan dapat meningkat dan menjaga harga yang relatif konstan atau bahkan meningkat karena kualitas produk yang dapat dipercaya oleh konsumen. Pengujian kualitas secara laboratorium seringkali memiliki banyak kendala, selain harus mengeluarkan biaya yang tidak sedikit. Untuk itu pada kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini akan dicoba memberikan pelatihan dan pendampingan kepada pelaku usaha/masysrakat terkait quality control produk VCO yang telah/akan diproduksi. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini akan dilakukan selama tujuh bulan, baik secara luring maupun daring, dengan metode pelatihan dan pendampingan. Berdasarkan hasil pelaksanaan kegiatan PkM Pengembangan Wilayah dengan tema Quality Control Produk VCO secara Mudah, Murah dan Akurat dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada peningkatan pemahaman peserta terkait produk VCO dan quality controlnya, secara umum kegiatan ini bermanfaat bagi peserta pengabdian, penyampaian materi dapat diterima dengan sangat baik (45,45%), metoda yang digunakan dalam kegiatan pengabdian dirasa sesuai oleh peserta pengabdian.
Pengembangan Kolaborasi antara Pendidikan Kimia UNY dengan S1 Farmasi Fakultas Farmasi USD melalui Drafting Paten dan Hak Cipta Bidang Green Chemistry
Authors: Rohaeti Eli , Louise Isana Supiah Yosephine , Laksono Endang Widjajanti , Suwardi Suwardi , Budiasih Kun Sri , Sugiyarto K.H. , Pratama Faiz Ilham , Goni Nur Abdul , Purtadi Sukisman , Joronavalona Rasamimanana , Afikah Adilah , Saputri Febri 
Published: April 2024

Kolaborasi dilakukan dengan Perguruan Tinggi mitra yang memiliki jumlah kegiatan-kegiatan penelitian cukup banyak serta berpotensi paten dan jenis HKI lainnya. Permasalahan yang dijumpai di PT mitra yaitu masih rendahnya jenis penelitian berpotensi paten dan masih rendahnya jumlah luaran penelitian dalam bentuk paten dan paten sederhana maupun hak cipta. Dengan demikian kolaborasi dapat dilakukan melalui kegiatan seleksi berbagai penelitian yang sudah dilakukan oleh PT mitra dan analisis penelitian yang berpotensi paten maupun jenis HKI lainnya, serta bimbingan teknis drafting paten. Solusi terhadap permasalahan yang dihadapi PT mitra yaitu melalui pengembangan ide-ide penelitian berbasis sumber daya alam lokal serta pendampingan pemilihan kegiatan-kegiatan penelitian yang berpotensi paten. Selanjutnya solusi terhadap permasalahan PT mitra terkait masih rendahnya jumlah luaran penelitian berupa HKI (paten, paten sederhana, hak cipta, dan sejenisnya), yaitu melalui kegiatan bimbingan teknis penyusunan drafting paten. Kegiatan PPM yang telah dilakukan dapat memberikan pengetahuan tentang penelitian-penelitian bidang green chemistry berbasis sumber daya alam lokal PT mitra yang berpotensi paten dan jenis HKI lainnya sehingga mitra dapat membuat sendiri berbagai penelitian green chemistry, menambah wawasan bagi mitra tentang cara melakukan penyusunan (drafting) paten berdasarkan penelitian-penelitian yang sudah dilakukan ditunjukkan dengan adanya peningkatan nilai pretes dan postes, dapat menumbuhkan semangat dan kemandirian mahasiswa mitra untuk membuat produk berbasis sumber daya alam lokal dan berwawasan lingkungan berdasarkan saran yang diberikan, dan meningkatkan kesadaran mitra untuk lebih peduli lingkungan dengan memanfaatkan sumber daya alam lokal menjadi sesuatu yang bermanfaat.