bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accelerated MR imaging using compressive sensing with no free parameters
Authors: Khare Kedar , Hardy Christopher J. , King Kevin F. , Turski Patrick A. , Marinelli Luca 
Published: January 2012

AbstractWe describe and evaluate a robust method for compressive sensing MRI reconstruction using an iterative soft thresholding framework that is data‐driven, so that no tuning of free parameters is required. The approach described here combines a Nesterov type optimal gradient scheme for iterative update along with standard wavelet‐based adaptive denoising methods, resulting in a leaner implementation compared with the nonlinear conjugate gradient method. Tests with T2 weighted brain data and vascular 3D phase contrast data show that the image quality of reconstructions is comparable with those from an empirically tuned nonlinear conjugate gradient approach. Statistical analysis of image quality scores for multiple datasets indicates that the iterative soft thresholding approach as presented here may improve the robustness of the reconstruction and the image quality, when compared with nonlinear conjugate gradient that requires manual tuning for each dataset. A data‐driven approach as illustrated in this article should improve future clinical applicability of compressive sensing image reconstruction. Magn Reson Med, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Biophysical characterization of mutants of Bacillus subtilis lipase evolved for thermostability: Factors contributing to increased activity retention
Authors: Augustyniak Wojciech , Brzezinska Agnieszka A. , Pijning Tjaard , Wienk Hans , Boelens Rolf , Dijkstra Bauke W. , Reetz Manfred T. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractPreviously, Lipase A from Bacillus subtilis was subjected to in vitro directed evolution using iterative saturation mutagenesis, with randomization sites chosen on the basis of the highest B‐factors available from the crystal structure of the wild‐type (WT) enzyme. This provided mutants that, unlike WT enzyme, retained a large part of their activity after heating above 65°C and cooling down. Here, we subjected the three best mutants along with the WT enzyme to biophysical and biochemical characterization. Combining thermal inactivation profiles, circular dichroism, X‐ray structure analyses and NMR experiments revealed that mutations of surface amino acid residues counteract the tendency of Lipase A to undergo precipitation under thermal stress. Reduced precipitation of the unfolding intermediates rather than increased conformational stability of the evolved mutants seems to be responsible for the activity retention.
Metabotropic glutamate receptors and drug addiction
Authors: Cleva Richard M. , Olive M. Foster 
Published: January 2012

AbstractHistorically, brain catecholamine systems have been the primary focus of studies examining the neural substrates of drug addiction. In the past two decades, however, a wealth of evidence has accumulated indicating a pivotal role for glutamatergic neurotransmission in mediating addictive behaviors as well as long‐term neuroplasticity associated with chronic drug use. As a result, there has been increased interest in developing glutamate‐based therapies for the treatment of addictive disorders. Metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors are classified into subcategories designated as Group I (mGlu1 and mGlu5), Group II (mGlu2 and mGlu3), and Group III (mGlu4, mGlu6, mGlu7, and mGlu8) and have received a great deal of attention due to their mediation of slower modulatory excitatory neurotransmission. Pharmacological ligands targeting these receptors have demonstrated reduced incidences of excitotoxicity or severe adverse side effects as compared to those targeting ionotropic glutamate (iGlu) receptors. Behavioral genetic and pharmacological studies have explored the role of individual mGlu receptor subtypes in regulating various addiction‐related behaviors, and several mGlu receptor ligands have been the subject of clinical testing for other medical conditions. WIREs Membr Transp Signal 2012,1:281–295. doi: 10.1002/wmts.18For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
,,NetzwerkMärkisches Viertel e.V.‘‘: Eine Akteursvernetzung zur Verbesserung der Lebens- und Wohnbedingungen von SeniorInnen im Quartier
Authors: Heusinger Josefine , Kammerer Kerstin , Wolter Birgit 
Published: January 2012

Einleitung
Das Netzwerk Märkisches Viertel wurde 2003 von verschiedenen Akteuren in Berlin-Reinickendorf gegründet mit dem Ziel, älteren Menschen so lange wie möglich ein selbstständiges Leben in der eigenen Wohnung zu ermöglichen. Unter dem Motto „Hier will ich bleiben“ sollen die sozialen Strukturen des Stadtteils gestärkt und entwickelt, ungedeckte Bedarfe aufgespürt und Defizite abgebaut werden. Das Institut für Gerontologische Forschung e.V. untersuchte von 2007 bis 2010 die Arbeit des Netzwerkes.
Occurrence of non-cerebral coenurosis in sheep
Authors: Christodoulopoulos G. , Kassab A. , Theodoropoulos G. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThis study reports seven rare cases of non-cerebral coenurosis in sheep. The sheep were slaughtered in abattoirs of Abu Dhabi (United Arab Emirates) but originated from India, Iran, Oman and Sudan. The prevalence of infection with non-cerebral coenurosis was 0.008%. The locations of the cysts were the triceps brachii muscle, the diaphragm, the infraspinatus muscle of the shoulder, the muscles of the thigh and the abdomen, and the ommentum. The Coenurus cysts were surrounded by a fibrous, semi-opaque membrane, cloudy white in colour. Altogether, 12 cysts were recovered and all contained a single bladderworm. Cysts had a volume of 7.3 ± 1.30 cm3 (ml), with 7.3 ± 4.0 clusters of scolices, and an average number of scolices 75.3 ± 24.4. These features in sheep were similar to those reported for non-cerebral Coenurus cysts in goats. No cysts were found in the brain or spinal cord of any of the infected sheep. No clinical evidence of non-cerebral coenurosis had been recorded during the antemortem veterinary inspection of the infected sheep.
Seahorses helped drive creation of marine protected areas, so what did these protected areas do for the seahorses?
Authors: YASUÉ M. , NELLAS A. , VINCENT A. C. J. 
Published: January 2012

SUMMARYIn marine environments, charismatic or economically valued taxa have been used as flagships to garner local support or international funds for the establishment and management of marine protected areas (MPAs). Seahorses (Hippocampusspp.) are frequently used as flagship species to help engender support for the creation of small community-managed no-take MPAs in the central Philippines. It is thus vital to determine whether such MPAs actually have an effect on seahorse abundance, reproductive status and size. A survey of seahorses inside and immediately adjacent to eight MPAs, and in four distant unprotected fishing areas, showed these MPAs had no significant effect on seahorse densities; although densities in and near MPAs were higher than in the distant fished sites, seahorse densities did not change over time. Seahorse size did show a marginal reserve effect, with slightly larger seahorses being found inside MPAs as compared to the distant unprotected fishing areas, but, in general, MPAs had little impact on seahorse size. Although MPAs may eliminate local fishing pressure, they may not reduce other threats such as pollution or destructive fishing outside the reserves. Other recovery tools, such as ecosystem-based management, habitat restoration and limits on destructive fishing outside of MPAs, may be necessary to rebuild seahorse populations. The effects of MPAs depend on species, as well as conditions outside the reserve boundaries. MPA management objectives must thus be clearly and realistically articulated to the communities, especially if support for an MPA was derived at least partly to conserve a particular flagship species.
18 Beeronomics: The Economics of Beer and Brewing
Authors: Swinnen Johan F. M. , Vandemoortele Thijs 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe chapters in this book demonstrate that ‘beeronomics’ covers a vast set of economic issues: economic history, development, demand and supply, geography, trade, investment, technology, health and nutrition, quantity and quality, industrial organization, competition, science and innovation, taxation, regulation, political economy, etc. This concluding chapter summarizes some of the key insights of this book, organized in five sections: a historical perspective on the product ‘beer’, consumption, industrial organization, trade and international expansion, and government regulation. The final section discusses a set of unresolved issues and a future research agenda in the field of beeronomics.
The Formation of the Hebrew Bible
Authors: Carr David M. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThis book rethinks both the methods and historical orientation points for research into the growth of the Hebrew Bible. Building on his prior work, Writing on the Tablet of the Heart (Oxford, 2005), the author explores the possibilities and limits of reconstruction of pre-stages of the Bible. The method advocated is a “methodologically modest” investigation of those pre-stages, utilizing criteria and models derived from the author’s survey of documented examples of textual revision in the Ancient Near East. The result is a new picture of the Bible’s formation, with insights on the emergence of Hebrew literary textuality, the development of the first Hexateuch, and the final formation of the Hebrew Bible. Where some have advocated dating the bulk of the Hebrew Bible in a single period, whether relatively early (Neo-Assyrian) or late (Persian or Hellenistic), the author uncovers evidence that the Hebrew Bible contains texts dating across Israelite history, even the early pre-exilic period (10th-9th centuries) where many recent studies have been hesitant to date substantial portions of the Bible. He traces the impact of Neo-Assyrian imperialism on eighth and seventh century Israelite textuality, uses studies of collective trauma to identify marks of the reshaping and collection of traditions in response to the destruction of Jerusalem and Babylonian exile, develops a picture of varied Priestly reshaping of narrative and prophetic traditions in the Second Temple period, and uses manuscript evidence from Qumran and the Septuagint to reveal the final literary reshaping that produced the proto-Masoretic text.
Antimicrobial resistance amongst isolates of Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus in the PROTEKT antimicrobial surveillance programme during 1999-2000
Authors: Cantón Rafael , Loza Elena , Morosini M. Isabel , Baquero Fernando 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
The pattern of susceptibility to a range of antimicrobials was tested for 1485 isolates of Streptococcus pyogenes and 1547 isolates of S taphylococcus aureus included in the international PROTEKT (Prospective Resistant Organism Tracking and Epidemiology for the Ketolide Telithromycin) surveillance study (1999–2000). Overall, almost 10% of S. pyogenes isolates were erythromycin A resistant. There was a wide heterogeneity of resistance, with high levels of macrolide resistance in Poland (42%), Hong Kong (28%), Italy (25%), Portugal (24%) and Spain (21%), and no macrolide resistance in Indonesia, Austria, Belgium, the Netherlands or the UK. Using NCCLS tentative breakpoints, 97.6% of isolates were susceptible to telithromycin, with MIC 90 ≤ 0.015 mg/L in most regions. Resistance among S. pyogenes to the β-lactams (MIC 90 ≤ 0.12 mg/L for all except cefaclor) and fluoroquinolones was not detected. Macrolide resistance was present among the S. aureus isolates, and as with S. pyogenes , there was a wide heterogeneity of resistance, with lower rates in Australia, Indonesia, Hungary, Austria, Germany, the Netherlands, Portugal, Sweden and Switzerland. Methicillin-resistant isolates were resistant to the β-lactams and the macrolides. Resistance to telithromycin was detected in methicillin-resistant isolates in Latin and North America, Asia and Europe. Telithromycin resistance was non-existent or low (MIC 90 range 0.06–0.25 mg/L) in Australia, Indonesia, Hungary, Austria, Germany, the Netherlands, Portugal, Sweden and Switzerland. Regardless of methicillin susceptibility, resistance to linezolid, teicoplanin or vancomycin was not apparent globally.
Epigenetics of colorectal cancer
Authors: Migheli F , Migliore L 
Published: January 2012

Migheli F, Migliore L. Epigenetics of colorectal cancer.Colorectal cancer (CRC) develops through a multistep process that results from the progressive accumulation of mutations and epigenetic alterations in tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes. Epigenetic modifications, that have a fundamental role in the regulation of gene expression, involve DNA methylation, specific histone modifications and non‐coding RNAs (ncRNAs) interventions. Many genes have been until now studied to detect their methylation status during CRC carcinogenesis; and the functions of many of these genes in cancer initiation and progression are being clarified. Less is known about the patterns of histone modification alterations in CRC. Epigenetic deregulation of the ncRNAs or the genes involved in their biogenesis have been described in tumor progression and some examples of dysregulated microRNA were found also in CRC cells. Diet has an important role in the etiology of colon cancer. Folate is involved via 5‐methyltetrahydrofolate in the conversion of homocysteine to methionine, which is then used to form the main DNA methylating agent S‐adenosylmethionine. However, the role of folate in protecting from or in promoting CRC, depending on conditions, is still debated. The study of epigenetic marks to better characterize CRC and to identify new tools for diagnosis and prognosis as well as for therapeutic interventions is extremely promising.
Brucella infection with pancytopenia after pediatric liver transplantation
Authors: Polat K.Y. , Tosun M.S. , Ertekin V. , Aydinli B. , Emre S. 
Published: January 2012

Abstract:Brucellosis is considered the most widespread zoonosis in the world. It has been reported that the prevalence of seropositivity among the Turkish population varies from 3% to 14%. We present a case of brucellosis after pediatric liver transplantation. A 15‐year‐old boy with the diagnosis of neuro Wilson's disease underwent deceased‐donor liver transplantation. The postoperative immunosuppressive protocol consisted of steroids and tacrolimus. Two months after the operation the patient experienced fever to 40°C. The patient complained of poor appetite, headache, and diarrhea. He had had pancytopenia. Despite administration of appropriate antibiotics, antiviral and antifungal agents, fever persisted for > 1 month. Multiple blood, urine, stool, and sputum cultures were negative. Bone marrow aspirate revealed hypocellularity. Liver biopsy was performed, but rejection was not observed on biopsy specimen. Brucella serology was positive and Brucella agglutination titer was 1:320. Bone marrow culture was positive for Brucella but blood culture was negative. The patient was then treated with oral doxycyline and rifampin for 8 weeks. No previous case report about Brucella infection after liver transplantation has appeared in the literature, to our knowledge; our case is presented as the first. Bone marrow hypoplasia is a rare feature of Brucella infection. Our patient with brucellosis and pancytopenia had had hypocellular bone marrow. The clinical and hematologic findings resolved with treatment of the infection. Brucella infection should be suspected in liver transplanted recipients with fever of unknown origin, especially in a recipient who has lived in an endemic area. Brucella also should be considered as a possible diagnosis in patients with pancytopenia.
Assessing the effect of patterns of cocaine and alcohol use on the risk of adverse acute cocaine intoxication
Authors: SANTOS SARA , BRUGAL M. TERESA , BARRIO GREGORIO , CASTELLANO YOLANDA , DOMINGO‐SALVANY ANTONIA , ESPELT ALBERT , BRAVO M. JOSE , DE LA FUENTE LUIS ,   THE ITINERE PROJECT GROUP
Published: January 2012

AbstractIntroduction and Aims. Although, in the laboratory, most acute adverse effects of cocaine are dose‐dependent and alcohol potentiates some of these effects, there are few observational studies, and scarce awareness that the risk of acute cocaine intoxication (ACI) can increase as the amounts of cocaine and alcohol consumed increase. Our objectives were to assess if the risk of ACI increases with the level cocaine use, both in chronic and binge use; and also to determine whether it increases when a cocaine binge is combined with binge drinking or with regular excessive drinking.Design and Methods. Hypotheses were evaluated using logistic regression and case‐crossover analyses in a sample of 720 young regular cocaine users who did not regularly use heroin, recruited at drug scenes in 2004–2006. All data on ACI, predictor and confounding variables were obtained through a computer‐assisted personal interview.Results. The annual prevalence of ACI was 21%. In the last year 10.3% of the participants reported cocaine binges (≥0.5 g in 4 h). ACI risk increased considerably in the 4 h following a cocaine binge (odds ratio = 34.6; 95% confidence interval 11.5–170.8). Also, it increased with increases in the average level of cocaine used over a long period and when users regularly drank excessively. Finally, the results suggest that the high risk of ACI associated with cocaine binge may increase even more when combined with binge drinking.Discussion and Conclusions. Awareness of the dose‐dependent effect of cocaine on ACI risk, as well as the possible synergistic effect of alcohol, ought to be incorporated into preventive and care strategies.[Santos S, Brugal MT, Barrio G, Castellano Y, Domingo‐Salvany A, Espelt A, Bravo MJ, de la Fuente L, the ITINERE Project Group. Assessing the effect of patterns of cocaine and alcohol use on the risk of adverse acute cocaine intoxication. Drug Alcohol Rev 2012;31:439–446]
Comparison of perinatal outcome after pre‐viable preterm prelabour rupture of membranes in two centres with different rates of termination of pregnancy
Authors: Azria E , Anselem O , Schmitz T , Tsatsaris V , Senat MV , Goffinet F 
Published: January 2012

Please cite this paper as: Azria E, Anselem O, Schmitz T, Tsatsaris V, Senat M, Goffinet F. Comparison of perinatal outcome after pre‐viable preterm prelabour rupture of membranes in two centres with different rates of termination of pregnancy. BJOG 2012;119:449–457.Objective  To assess perinatal outcomes after expectant management in the case of preterm prelabour rupture of membranes (PPROM) before 25 weeks of gestation, according to the rate of termination of pregnancy (TOP).Design  Retrospective comparative cohort study.Population  Singleton pregnancies complicated by PPROM between 150/7 and 246/7 weeks of gestation, from January 2003 to January 2007.Methods  Comparison of perinatal outcomes in two French tertiary care referral centres presumed to have different rates of TOP.Main outcome measure  Rates of TOP, survival and survival without major morbidity.Results  A total of 113 women experienced PPROM (49 in centre A and 64 in centre B). A lower proportion of patients opted for TOP in centre A (40.8%) than in centre B (56.3%). The baseline characteristics of patients and pregnancies, and gestational age at PPROM, were not different between the two centres. Mean gestational age at delivery (28.1 versus 25.4 weeks of gestation; P < 0.01), mean latency period (45.5 versus 16.1 days; P < 0.01), mean birthweight (1295 versus 929 g; P = 0.04) and survival (46.9 versus 20.3%; P < 0.01) were significantly higher in centre A than in centre B. The percentage of neonates alive without major morbidity was also higher in centre A than in centre B (42.9 versus 20.3%; P = 0.01).Conclusions  Perinatal outcomes of pregnancies managed expectantly were not better in the centre where the TOP rate was higher. The perinatal risk of pregnancies complicated by pre‐viable PPROM remains high.
Specificity and diagnostic implications of the reactivity pattern of a panel of monoclonal antibodies against myeloid leukemia cells
Authors: Andreasen Rinette B. , Biberfeld Peter , Öst Åke , Reizenstein Peter , Olsson Lennart 
Published: January 2012

The immunological phenotypes of leukemia cell samples from 60 patients, of whom 54 had acute myeloid leukemia (AML), were assessed with a panel of monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) with specificity for the following epitopes: (i) Epitopes associated with myeloid leukemia cells, (ii) Epitopes expressed only on immature myeloid cells (or subsets) and on monocytes, (iii) Epitopes only expressed on granulocytes or on granulocytes and mature myeloid cells (promyelocytes, myelocytes and monocytes), (iv) Epitopes on HLA‐class II (DR) and (v) HLA‐class I molecules and on insulin receptors.This panel of Mabs proved useful to identify leukemia cells in blood and to assess their myeloid origin. The panel of Mabs was found also to be useful for immu‐nophenotyping of leukemia cells. Furthermore, the analysis revealed considerable variations in the immunological phenotype of AML cells, reflecting antigenic heterogeneity within the individual leukemia cell population as well as abnormal or no expression of histocompatibility antigens and insulin receptors in some samples. Some of the Mabs bound preferentially to subgroups in the French‐American‐British (FAB) classification.
Disturbances in dental development and craniofacial growth in children treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Vesterbacka M. , Ringdén O. , Remberger M. , Huggare J. , Dahllöf G. 
Published: January 2012

Vesterbacka M., Ringdén O., Remberger M., Huggare J., Dahllöf G.  Disturbances in dental development and craniofacial growth in children treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.  Orthod Craniofac Res 2012;15:21–29 © John Wiley & Sons A/SStructured AbstractObjectives –  To investigate the correlation between age, degree of disturbances in dental development, and vertical growth of the face in children treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).Patients –  39 long‐term survivors of HSCT performed in childhood and transplanted before the age of 12, at a mean age of 6.8 ± 3.3 years.Methods –  Panoramic and cephalometric radiographs were taken at a mean age of 16.2 years. For each patient two age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls were included. The area of three mandibular teeth was measured and a cephalometric analysis was performed.Results –  The mean area of the mandibular central incisor, first and second molar was significantly smaller in the HSCT group, and the vertical growth of the face was significantly reduced, especially in the lower third, compared to healthy controls. A statistically significant correlation between age at HSCT, degree of disturbances in dental development, and vertical growth of the face was found. Children subjected to pre‐HSCT chemotherapy protocols had significantly more growth reduction in vertical craniofacial variables compared to children without pre‐HSCT chemotherapy. Conditioning regimens including busulfan or total body irradiation had similar deleterious effects on tooth area reduction and craniofacial parameters.Conclusions –  The younger the child is at HSCT, the greater the impairment in dental and vertical facial development. This supports the suggestion that the reduction in lower facial height found in SCT children mainly is a result of impaired dental development and that young age is a risk factor for more severe disturbances.