bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Imbalanced Surface Charge Induced Phase Segregation in Mixed Halide Perovskites
Authors: Zeng Zixin , Wang Yunfan , Ding Shuo , Li Yang , Xiang Chaoyu , Lee Chun‐Sing , Cheng Yuanhang , Tsang Sai‐Wing 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAlloying the metal halide perovskite composition has become a key strategy for engineering the optoelectronic properties for various applications. However, the difference in complexation between ions poses a threat to crystal stability. In particular, the phase segregation in wide‐bandgap perovskites (WBG) with mixed halides is the major challenge in multi‐junction photovoltaic devices. Here, a systematic study is reported on the origin of phase segregation in a prototypical mixed halide perovskite (MHP) MAPbI2Br. It is found that the crystallinity and surface morphology are not associated with the lattice stability. Using highly sensitive external quantum efficiency (s‐EQE) measurement, it is found that the defects in the MHP are mainly associated with the Pb2+ and I−/Br− ions. Consistently, density‐function‐theory (DFT) calculation confirms that the MAPbI2Br surface is dominated by the metal‐halide components, and the imbalanced surface charge is responsible for the lattice instability. The role of physical and chemical passivation approaches in MHP is further investigated. The former limits the ion migration and allows dissociated ions to recover to their corresponding defective sites, whereas the latter lowers the surface energy by neutralizing the charge density on the lattice surface. This work brings insight into the phase segregation and passivation mechanisms in MHP.
Photothermal CO2 Catalysis toward the Synthesis of Solar Fuel: From Material and Reactor Engineering to Techno‐Economic Analysis
Authors: Ding Xue , Liu Wenxuan , Zhao Junhua , Wang Lu , Zou Zhigang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCarbon dioxide (CO2), a member of greenhouse gases, contributes significantly to maintaining a tolerable environment for all living species. However, with the development of modern society and the utilization of fossil fuels, the concentration of atmospheric CO2 has increased to 400 ppm, resulting in a serious greenhouse effect. Thus, converting CO2 into valuable chemicals is highly desired, especially with renewable solar energy, which shows great potential with the manner of photothermal catalysis. In this review, recent advancements in photothermal CO2 conversion are discussed, including the design of catalysts, analysis of mechanisms, engineering of reactors, and the corresponding techno‐economic analysis. A guideline for future investigation and the anthropogenic carbon cycle are provided.
Tailoring the Coordination Micro‐Environment in Nanotraps for Efficient Platinum/Palladium Separation
Authors: Song Yanpei , Verma Gaurav , Tan Kui , Oyekan Kolade A , Liu Juejing , Strzelecki Andrew , Guo Xiaofeng , Al‐Enizi Abdullah M. , Nafady Ayman , Ma Shengqian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRecovering platinum group metals from secondary resources is crucial to meet the growing demand for high‐tech applications. Various techniques are explored, and adsorption using porous materials has emerged as a promising technology due to its efficient performance and environmental beingness. However, the challenge lies in effectively recovering and separating individual platinum group metals (PGMs) given their similar chemical properties. Herein, a breakthrough approach is presented by sophisticatedly tailoring the coordination micro‐environment in a series of aminopyridine‐based porous organic polymers, which enables the creation of platinum‐specific nanotraps for efficient separation of binary PGMs (platinum/palladium). The newly synthesized POP‐o2NH2‐Py demonstrates record uptakes and selectivity toward platinum over palladium, with the amino groups adjacent to the pyridine moieties being vital in improving platinum binding performance. Further breakthrough experiments underline its remarkable ability to separate platinum and palladium. Spectroscopic analysis reveals that POP‐o2NH2‐Py offers a more favorable coordination fashion to platinum ions compared to palladium ions owing to the greater interaction between N and Pt4+ and stronger intramolecular hydrogen bonding between the amino groups and four coordinating chlorines at platinum. These findings underscore the importance of fine‐tuning the coordination micro‐environment of nanotraps through subtle modifications that can greatly enhance the selectivity toward the desired metal ions.
Completely Inorganic Deep Eutectic Solvents for Efficient and Recyclable Liquid–Liquid Interface Catalysis
Authors: Xu Lixian , Yin Jie , He Jing , Li Hongping , Zhu Linhua , Ning Hailong , Jie Kecheng , Zhu Wenshuai , Li Huaming , Dai Sheng , Jiang Wei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOrganic acid‐based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as catalysts always suffer from weak stability and low recyclability due to the accumulation of organic oxidative products in the DES phase. Herein, a completely inorganic deep eutectic solvent (IDES) ZnCl2/PA with zinc chloride (ZnCl2) and phosphoric acid (PA) as precursors is constructed to realize liquid–liquid interface catalysis for desulfurization of fuel and product self‐separation for the first time. Owing to the inorganic nature, the organic oxidative products are accumulated at the interface between the IDES and fuel rather than the IDES phase. With this unique feature, the IDES can be reused for at least 15 times without any further treatment in oxidative desulfurization process, showing a state‐of‐the‐art cycle‐regeneration stability. Moreover, compared with the reported organic DESs, the IDES also reveals more attractive catalytic oxidative desulfurization performance. Experimental and theoretical studies indicate that the strong coordination Zn···O═P and the strong adsorption energy between IDES and sulfides enhance the activation of H2O2 to reactive oxygen species, leading to the superior catalytic performance in oxidative desulfurization of fuel.
Hidden Real Topology and Unusual Magnetoelectric Responses in Two‐Dimensional Antiferromagnets
Authors: Gong Jialin , Wang Yang , Han Yilin , Cheng Zhenxiang , Wang Xiaotian , Yu Zhi‐Ming , Yao Yugui 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRecently, the real topology has been attracting widespread interest in two dimensions (2D). Here, based on first‐principles calculations and theoretical analysis, the monolayer Cr2Se2O (ML‐CrSeO) is revealed as the first material example of a 2D antiferromagnetic (AFM) real Chern insulator (RCI) with topologically protected corner states. Unlike previous RCIs, it is found that the real topology of the ML‐CrSeO is rooted in one certain mirror subsystem of the two spin channels, and cannot be directly obtained from all the valence bands in each spin channel as commonly believed. In particular, due to antiferromagnetism, the corner modes in ML‐CrSeO exhibit strong corner‐contrasted spin polarization, leading to spin–corner coupling (SCC). This SCC enables a direct connection between spin space and real space. Consequently, large and switchable net magnetization can be induced in the ML‐CrSeO nanodisk by electrostatic means, such as potential step and in‐plane electric field, and the corresponding magnetoelectric responses behave like a sign function, distinguished from that of the conventional multiferroic materials. This work considerably broadens the candidate range of RCI materials, and opens up a new direction for topo‐spintronics and 2D AFM materials research.
Eight In. Wafer‐Scale Epitaxial Monolayer MoS2
Authors: Yu Hua , Huang Liangfeng , Zhou Lanying , Peng Yalin , Li Xiuzhen , Yin Peng , Zhao Jiaojiao , Zhu Mingtong , Wang Shuopei , Liu Jieying , Du Hongyue , Tang Jian , Zhang Songge , Zhou Yuchao , Lu Nianpeng , Liu Kaihui , Li Na , Zhang Guangyu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLarge‐scale, high‐quality, and uniform monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) films are crucial for their applications in next‐generation electronics and optoelectronics. Epitaxy is a mainstream technique for achieving high‐quality MoS2 films and is demonstrated at a wafer scale up to 4‐in. In this study, the epitaxial growth of 8‐in. wafer‐scale highly oriented monolayer MoS2 on sapphire is reported as with excellent spatial homogeneity, using a specially designed vertical chemical vapor deposition (VCVD) system. Field effect transistors (FETs) based on the as‐grown 8‐in. wafer‐scale monolayer MoS2 film are fabricated and exhibit high performances, with an average mobility and an on/off ratio of 53.5 cm2 V−1 s−1 and 107, respectively. In addition, batch fabrication of logic devices and 11‐stage ring oscillators are also demonstrated, showcasing excellent electrical functions. This work may pave the way of MoS2 in practical industry‐scale applications.
Multifunctional Ionic‐Ligand Regulated High‐Quality γ‐CsPbI3 Thin Films for Efficient and Bright Deep‐Red Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Ru Xue‐Chen , Zhu Bai‐Sheng , Ma Zhen‐Yu , Hao Jing‐Ming , Ding Guan‐Jie , Song Yong‐Hui , Feng Li‐Zhe , Song Kuang‐Hui , Li Lian‐Yue , Yao Hong‐Bin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAll‐inorganic CsPbI3 perovskite semiconductor is attractive for deep‐red light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) because of its high photoluminescence, good thermal stability, excellent charge transport, and solution processability. However, the metastable phase of optically active CsPbI3 hinders the fabrication of efficient and bright deep‐red LEDs. Herein, a multifunctional ionic ligand regulation strategy using (2‐hydroxy‐5‐methylphenyl) triphenyl‐phosphonium iodide and 3‐(N, N‐dimethyloctylammonio) propanesulfonate is reported to regulate the optically active CsPbI3 crystallization and thus obtain high‐quality γ‐CsPbI3 thin films. The high crystallinity and preferential orientation of γ‐CsPbI3 arise from the strong bonding between the ionic ligands and ionic lead halide clusters. The obtained γ‐CsPbI3 thin films also possess suppressed defect densities, high luminescence, and high stability. Using this high‐quality thin film, an efficient and bright deep‐red LED with a peak external quantum efficiency of 13.34% and a maximum luminance of 2110 cd m−2 is successfully fabricated. The operational lifetime of the fabricated LED (time to half of the initial brightness, T50) reaches up to 40 min under a high current density of 50 mA cm−2 (corresponding to the initial brightness of 200 cd m−2).
Lateral Driver‐Automation Driver Authority Decision Considering Safety of the Intended Functionality
Authors: Wang Huiran , Wang Qidong , Chen Wuwei , Zhao Linfeng , Zhu Maofei , Tan Dongkui 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe driver authority decision for driver‐initiated takeover is closely related to vehicle driving safety. In this paper, a lateral driver‐automation driver authority decision method considering the safety of the intended functionality is proposed to improve vehicle driving safety. Based on systems‐theoretic processes analysis, functional safety analysis of driver initiative takeover is carried out to clarify the safety of the intended functionality issues caused by the unreasonable decision. Then, a method for defining the safe driving area is developed to assess the safety level of the driving area around the ego vehicle. Taking the driver‐vehicle state parameters and vehicle–vehicle state parameters as input, a deep neural network model is constructed to determine the intention of the driver to take over the vehicle. The lateral driver‐automation driver authority decision method is designed to make the driver‐machine take‐over decisions, which considers the safety of the intended functionality. The effectiveness of the proposed method is evaluated via numerical simulation and hardware‐in‐the‐loop experiments. The results show that the designed method not only improves the control ability of the driver to the maximum extent but also integrates the perception ability of the driver into the vehicle control system to improve further vehicle driving safety.
YY2/BUB3 Axis promotes SAC Hyperactivation and Inhibits Colorectal Cancer Progression via Regulating Chromosomal Instability
Authors: Hosea Rendy , Duan Wei , Meliala Ian Timothy Sembiring , Li Wenfang , Wei Mankun , Hillary Sharon , Zhao Hezhao , Miyagishi Makoto , Wu Shourong , Kasim Vivi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSpindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) is a crucial safeguard mechanism of mitosis fidelity that ensures equal division of duplicated chromosomes to the two progeny cells. Impaired SAC can lead to chromosomal instability (CIN), a well‐recognized hallmark of cancer that facilitates tumor progression; paradoxically, high CIN levels are associated with better therapeutic response and prognosis. However, the mechanism by which CIN determines tumor cell survival and therapeutic response remains poorly understood. Here, using a cross‐omics approach, YY2 is identified as a mitotic regulator that promotes SAC activity by activating the transcription of budding uninhibited by benzimidazole 3 (BUB3), a component of SAC. While both conditions induce CIN, a defect in YY2/SAC activity enhances mitosis and tumor growth. Meanwhile, hyperactivation of SAC mediated by YY2/BUB3 triggers a delay in mitosis and suppresses growth. Furthermore, it is revealed that YY2/BUB3‐mediated excessive CIN causes higher cell death rates and drug sensitivity, whereas residual tumor cells that survived DNA damage‐based therapy have moderate CIN and increased drug resistance. These results provide insights into the role of SAC activity and CIN levels in influencing tumor cell survival and drug response, as well as suggest a novel anti‐tumor therapeutic strategy that combines SAC activity modulators and DNA‐damage agents.
A Pathologically Friendly Strategy for Determining the Organ‐specific Spatial Tumor Microenvironment Topology in Lung Adenocarcinoma Through the Integration of snRandom‐seq and Imaging Mass Cytometry
Authors: Sun Xuqi , Teng Xiao , Liu Chuan , Tian Weihong , Cheng Jinlin , Hao Shuqiang , Jin Yuzhi , Hong Libing , Zheng Yongqiang , Dai Xiaomeng , Wu Linying , Liu Lulu , Teng Xiaodong , Shi Yi , Zhao Peng , Fang Weijia , Shi Yu , Bao Xuanwen 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHeterogeneous organ‐specific responses to immunotherapy exist in lung cancer. Dissecting tumor microenvironment (TME) can provide new insights into the mechanisms of divergent responses, the process of which remains poor, partly due to the challenges associated with single‐cell profiling using formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) materials. In this study, single‐cell nuclei RNA sequencing and imaging mass cytometry (IMC) are used to dissect organ‐specific cellular and spatial TME based on FFPE samples from paired primary lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and metastases. Single‐cell analyses of 84 294 cells from sequencing and 250 600 cells from IMC reveal divergent organ‐specific immune niches. For sites of LUAD responding well to immunotherapy, including primary LUAD and adrenal gland metastases, a significant enrichment of B, plasma, and T cells is detected. Spatially resolved maps reveal cellular neighborhoods recapitulating functional units of the tumor ecosystem and the spatial proximity of B and CD4+ T cells at immunogenic sites. Various organ‐specific densities of tertiary lymphoid structures are observed. Immunosuppressive sites, including brain and liver metastases, are deposited with collagen I, and T cells at these sites highly express TIM‐3. This study originally deciphers the single‐cell landscape of the organ‐specific TME at both cellular and spatial levels for LUAD, indicating the necessity for organ‐specific treatment approaches.
Exploring the Diverse Landscape of Fungal Cytochrome P450‐Catalyzed Regio‐ and Stereoselective Dimerization of Diketopiperazines
Authors: Ma Chuanteng , Wang Wenxue , Zhang Kaijin , Zhang Falei , Chang Yimin , Sun Chunxiao , Che Qian , Zhu Tianjiao , Zhang Guojian , Li Dehai 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDimeric indole‐containing diketopiperazines (di‐DKPs) are a diverse group of natural products produced through cytochrome P450‐catalyzed C–C or C–N coupling reactions. The regio‐ and stereoselectivity of these reactions plays a significant role in the structural diversity of di‐DKPs. Despite their pivotal role, the mechanisms governing the selectivity in fungi are not fully understood. Employing bioinformatics analysis and heterologous expression experiments, five undescribed P450 enzymes (AmiP450, AcrP450, AtP450, AcP450, and AtuP450) responsible for the regio‐ and stereoselective dimerization of diketopiperazines (DKPs) in fungi are identified. The function of these P450s is consistent with phylogenetic analysis, highlighting their dominant role in controlling the dimerization modes. Combinatorial biosynthesis‐based pathway reconstitution of non‐native gene clusters expands the chemical space of fungal di‐DKPs and reveals that the regioselectivity is influenced by the substrate. Furthermore, multiple sequence alignment and molecular docking of these enzymes demonstrate a C‐terminal variable region near the substrate tunnel entrance in AtuP450 that is crucial for its regioselectivity. These findings not only reveal the secret of fungal di‐DKPs diversity but also deepen understanding of the mechanisms and catalytic specificity involved in P450‐catalyzed dimerization reactions.
Ultrasound combined blood‐brain barrier targeting brain delivery of four‐in‐one molecular aggregates for the enhancement of anesthetic efficacy and toxicity reduction via propofol‐etomidate synergistically inhibition GABA receptor
Authors: Zhang Shuo , Wang Yishu , Zhu Mingting , Liu Bingyang , Zhao Wenpu , Zhang Shuai , Xia Ji , Shi Lei , Tang Peng , Wang Feiqian , Zhang Siyuan , Wan Mingxi , Wu Daocheng , Gao Wei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTo enhance the anesthetic efficacy and reduce toxic side effects, a strategy is proposed involving the utilization of general anesthetics of Propofol (Pro) and Etomidate (Eto) to synergistic inhibition GABA receptors simultaneously. Four‐in‐one molecular aggregates were prepared to implement this strategy, which comprised of Pro and Eto with the bridging molecule monoglyceride monooleate (GMO) and surfactant F127 through intermolecular forces. The blood‐brain barrier (BBB) targeted lactoferrin (LF) is affixed to their surface, obtaining the final molecular aggregates. By employing lactoferrin enrich aggregates to the BBB, followed by ultrasound combine microbubbles to open the BBB, a remarkable 4.5‐fold enhancement in brain drug delivery was achieved. The molecular aggregates group maintained stable parameters of heart rate, diastolic blood pressure, and systolic blood pressure. A notable increase of more than twice therapeutic index (TI) value was observed, implying their higher anesthesia efficiency and reduced toxicity. Electroencephalogram (EEG) experiments demonstrate a significant elevation in the proportion of δ waves from 28% to 80% for aggregates, accompanied by a nearly fivefold reduction in the proportion of θ waves, meaning a significant improvement in synergistic anesthesia effectiveness (interaction index 0.289) with lower drug dosage. Furthermore, mouse immunofluorescence brain slice experiments suggest Pro and Eto enter the GABA receptor simultaneously, resulting in synergistic inhibition of GABA receptors.
Shell Modulation of Hollow Metal Sulfide Nanocomposite for Stable Potassium Storage at Room and High Temperature
Authors: Chen Run‐Hang , Xiao Ji‐Miao , Zhu Ning‐Ning , Xiao Rong‐Hui , Liu Wan‐Yi , Zeng Xian , Chen Yan‐Fei , Yi Zi‐Jian , Zhu Guo‐Yu , Liu Lin , Bin De‐Shan , Li Dan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe large size of K‐ion makes the pursuit of stable high‐capacity anodes for K‐ion batteries (KIBs) a formidable challenge, particularly for high temperature KIBs as the electrode instability becomes more aggravated with temperature climbing. Herein, we demonstrate that a hollow ZnS@C nanocomposite (h‐ZnS@C) with a precise shell modulation can resist electrode disintegration to enable stable high‐capacity potassium storage at room and high temperature. Based on a model electrode, we identify an interesting structure‐function correlation of the h‐ZnS@C: with an increase in the shell thickness, the cyclability increases while the rate and capacity decrease, shedding light on the design of high‐performance h‐ZnS@C anodes via engineering the shell thickness. Typically, the h‐ZnS@C anode with a shell thickness of 60 nm can deliver an impressive comprehensive performance at room temperature; the h‐ZnS@C with shell thickness increasing to 75 nm can achieve an extraordinary stability (88.6 % capacity retention over 450 cycles) with a high capacity (450 mAh g−1) and a superb rate even at an extreme temperature of 60 °C, which is much superior than those reported anodes. This contribution envisions new perspectives on rational design of functional metal sulfides composite toward high‐performance KIBs with insights into the significant structure‐function correlation.
N2 Functionalization via Molybdenum‐Nitride Complex: Stepwise BH Bond Additions
Authors: Benaissa Idir , Rialland Barbara , Bennaamane Soukaina , Espada Maria F. , Saffon‐Merceron Nathalie , Fustier‐Boutignon Marie , Clot Eric , Mézailles Nicolas 
Published: April 2024

AbstractReactivity of (triphosphine)MoIV‐nitrido complex generated by N2 splitting, toward boranes is reported. The simple adduct Mo≡N→BH3 is observed with BH3.SMe2 while 1,2 addition is evidenced with 9‐BBN leading to H−Mo=NBR2. A second addition of BH3.SMe2 is facile and forms an unprecedented complex featuring two bridging H between two B and the Mo centers. Addition of PMe3 or BH3.SMe2 promotes reductive elimination and N−H bond formation. The full sequence of functionalization at Mo≡N obtained after N2 splitting is therefore evidenced in this work.
Biosensor Strip for Rapid On‐site Assessment of Levodopa Pharmacokinetics along with Motor Performance in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Mahato Kuldeep , Moon Jong‐Min , Moonla Chochanon , Longardner Katherine , Ghodsi Hamidreza , Litvan Irene , Wang Joseph 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWhile levodopa (L‐Dopa) is the primary treatment for alleviating Parkinson's disease (PD), its efficacy is hindered by challenges such as a short half‐life and inconsistent plasma levels. As PD progresses, the rising need for increased and more frequent L‐Dopa doses coupled with symptom fluctuations and dyskinesias underscores the urgency for improved comprehension of the interplay between L‐Dopa levels and PD motor symptoms. Addressing this critical need, we present a decentralized testing method using a disposable biosensor strip and a universal slope (U‐slope) calibration‐free approach. This enables reliable, rapid, simple, and cost‐effective decentralized L‐Dopa measurements from capillary blood. A pilot study with PD persons demonstrates the ability to monitor real‐time L‐Dopa pharmacokinetics from fingerstick blood after oral L‐Dopa‐Carbidopa (C–Dopa) tablet administration. Correlating capillary blood L‐Dopa levels with PD motor scores revealed a well‐defined inverse correlation with temporal motor fluctuations. We compared the resulting dynamic capillary blood L‐Dopa levels with plasma L‐Dopa levels using the traditional but clinically impractical high‐performance liquid chromatography technique. By providing timely feedback on a proper L‐Dopa dosing regimen in a decentralized and rapid fashion, this new biosensing platform will facilitate tailored optimal L‐Dopa dosing, towards improving symptom management and enhancing health‐related quality of life.