bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Total laparoscopic hysterectomy versus total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for endometrial carcinoma: a randomised controlled trial with 5-year follow-up
Authors: Kluivers Kirsten B. , Ten Cate Florien A. , Bongers Marlies Y. , Brölmann Hans A. M. , Hendriks Jan C. M. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThis report is on recovery and long-term outcomes in a small-scale randomised controlled trial (RCT) after total laparoscopic hysterectomy versus total abdominal hysterectomy in (potential) endometrial carcinoma patients. An RCT was performed among women with atypical endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma scheduled for hysterectomy in a teaching hospital in The Netherlands. Women were randomised to total laparoscopic hysterectomy versus total abdominal hysterectomy both with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and were followed until 5 years after the intervention. Patients completed the RAND 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (RAND-36), Quality of Recovery-40 (QoR-40) and Recovery Index-10 (RI-10) until 12 weeks after surgery. Main outcome measure was quality of life and recovery in the first 12 weeks after surgery. A linear mixed model was used for statistical analysis while accounting for baseline values where applicable. Seventeen women were included, of whom 11 allocated to the laparoscopic arm and 6 to the abdominal arm. Laparoscopic hysterectomy performed better on all scales and subscales used in the study. A statistically significant treatment effect, favouring laparoscopic hysterectomy, was found in the total RAND-36 (difference between groups 142 units, 95% confidence interval 46; 236). Clinical follow-up was completed after median 60 months, but this study was too small for conclusions regarding the safety and survival. Laparoscopic hysterectomy results in better postoperative quality of life in the first 12 weeks after surgery when compared with abdominal hysterectomy.
Arthroscopic Avulsion Repair of a Pediatric ACL with an Anomalous Primary Insertion into the Lateral Meniscus
Authors: Toy Jason O. , Feeley Brian T. , Gulotta Lawrence V. , Warren Russell F. 
Published: March 2011

Background Injury to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in the pediatric population is becoming more common, with the majority of ruptures occurring at the tibial insertion site. However, to our knowledge, there are no reports of avulsion in which the primary ACL insertion site is the anterior lateral meniscal root. Methods We report a rare case of a pediatric ACL/anterior horn of the lateral meniscus avulsion, which was successfully repaired arthroscopically. Results In this patient, neither a mid-substance tear, nor a tibial eminence fracture was noted. Instead, the patient avulsed the tibial insertion of the ACL from its small footprint, which included an extensive attachment to the lateral meniscus. Conclusions We believe this developmental anomaly may provide further support of the shared embryological origin between the ACL and menisci. In this case report, we review the literature on anterior cruciate ligament injury and repair in the pediatric population.
Synthesis and Surface Active Properties of Gemini Cationic Surfactants and Interaction with Anionic Azo Dye (AR52)
Authors: Abdel‐Salam Fatma H. , El‐Said Asrar G. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA homologous series of new gemini cationic surfactants were synthesized and characterized using micro elemental analysis, FTIR, 1H‐NMR and mass spectra. The surface activities of these amphiphiles were determined based on the data of surface tension. Critical micelle concentration, effectiveness of the surface tension reduction, efficiency of adsorption, maximum surface excess, minimum surface area and critical packing parameter were evaluated. The effect of cationic micelles on solubilization of anionic azo dye, sulforhodamine B (Acid Red 52) in aqueous micellar solution of the synthesized gemini cationic surfactants was studied at pH 6.9 ± 0.5 and 25 °C. The results showed that the solubility of dye rose with increasing surfactant concentration as a consequence of some association between the dye and the micelles. It was also observed that the aggregation of surfactant and dye takes place at a surfactant concentration below the CMC of the individual surfactant. The partition coefficients between the bulk water and surfactant micelles as well as the Gibbs energies of distribution of dye between the bulk water and surfactant micelles were calculated using a pseudo‐phase model. The effect of the hydrophobic chain length of Gemini cationic surfactants on the distribution parameters was also reported. The results show favorable solubilization of dye in cationic micelles.
The analytic index of elliptic pseudodifferential operators on a singular foliation
Authors: Androulidakis Iakovos , Skandalis Georges 
Published: March 2011

AbstractIn previous papers ([1, 2]) we defined the C*-algebra and the longitudinal pseudodifferential calculus of any singular foliation (M,). In the current paper we construct the analytic index of an elliptic operator as a KK-theory element, and prove that this element can be obtained from an “adiabatic foliation” on M×ℝ, which we introduce here.
EXPONENTIAL STABILISATION OF A TREE-SHAPED NETWORK OF STRINGS WITH VARIABLE COEFFICIENTS
Authors: GUO YAN NI , XU GEN QI 
Published: March 2011

AbstractIn this paper, we deal with a tree-shaped network of strings with a fixed root node. By imposing velocity feedback controllers on all vertices except the root node, we show that the spectrum of the system operator consists of all isolated eigenvalues of finite multiplicity and is distributed in a strip parallel to the imaginary axis under certain conditions. Moreover, we prove that there exists a sequence of eigenvectors and generalised eigenvectors that forms a Riesz basis with parentheses, and that the imaginary axis is not an asymptote of the spectrum. Thereby, we deduce that the system is exponentially stable.
A DIOPHANTINE FROBENIUS PROBLEM RELATED TO RIEMANN SURFACES
Authors: O'SULLIVAN CORMAC , WEAVER ANTHONY 
Published: March 2011

AbstractWe obtain sharp upper and lower bounds on a certain four-dimensional Frobenius number determined by a prime pair (p, q), 2 < p < q, including exact formulae for two infinite subclasses of such pairs. Our work is motivated by the study of compact Riemann surfaces which can be realised as semi-regular pq-fold coverings of surfaces of lower genus. In this context, the Frobenius number is (up to an additive translation) the largest genus in which no surface is such a covering. In many cases it is also the largest genus in which no surface admits an automorphism of order pq. The general t-dimensional Frobenius problem (t ≥ 3) is NP-hard, and it may be that our restricted problem retains this property.
SIGN-CHANGING SOLUTIONS OF (e1, B)-LIMIT INCREASING OPERATOR EQUATION
Authors: XIAN XU 
Published: March 2011

AbstractIn this paper, by using the fixed point index method first we obtain some existence and multiplicity results for sign-changing solutions of an (e1, B)-limit increasing operator equation. The main results can be applied to many non-linear boundary value problems to obtain the existence and multiplicity results for sign-changing solutions. We also give a clear description of locations of these sign-changing solutions through strict lower and upper solutions. As an example, in the last section we obtain some existence and multiplicity results for sign-changing solutions of some Sturm–Liouville differential boundary value problems.
ON CLOSED GEODESICS IN THE LEAF SPACE OF SINGULAR RIEMANNIAN FOLIATIONS
Authors: ALEXANDRINO MARCOS M. , JAVALOYES MIGUEL ANGEL 
Published: March 2011

AbstractIn this paper we prove the existence of closed geodesics in the leaf space of some classes of singular Riemannian foliations (s.r.f.), namely s.r.fs. that admit sections or have no horizontal conjugate points. We also investigate the shortening process with respect to Riemannian foliations.
UNCONDITIONAL CONVERGENCE IN THE STRONG OPERATOR TOPOLOGY AND ℓ∞
Authors: GHENCIU IOANA , LEWIS PAUL 
Published: March 2011

AbstractIn this paper we study non-complemented spaces of operators and the embeddability of ℓ∞in the spaces of operatorsL(X,Y),K(X,Y) andKw*(X*,Y). Results of Bator and Lewis [2,3] (Bull. Pol. Acad. Sci. Math.50(4) (2002), 413–416;Bull. Pol. Acad. Sci. Math.549(1) (2006), 63–73), Emmanuele [8–10] (J. Funct. Anal.99(1991), 125–130;Math. Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc.111(1992), 331–335;Atti. Sem. Mat. Fis. Univ. Modena42(1) (1994), 123–133), Feder [11] (Canad. Math. Bull.25(1982), 78–81) and Kalton [16] (Math. Ann.208(1974), 267–278), are generalised. A vector measure result is used to study the complementation of the spacesW(X,Y) andK(X,Y) in the spaceL(X,Y), as well as the complementation ofK(X,Y) inW(X,Y). A fundamental result of Drewnowski [7] (Math. Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc.108 (1990), 523–526) is used to establish a result for operator-valued measures, from which we obtain as corollaries the Vitali–Hahn–Saks–Nikodym theorem, the Nikodym Boundedness theorem and a Banach space version of the Phillips Lemma.
Association of vascular epiphytes with landscape units and phorophytes in humid lowland forests of Colombian Amazonia
Authors: Benavides A. M. , Vasco A. , Duque A. J. , Duivenvoorden J. F. 
Published: March 2011

Abstract:The species composition of vascular epiphytes and phorophytes (trees and lianas) was studied in ten 0.1-ha forest plots distributed over three landscape units (floodplains, swamps and well-drained uplands) in Colombian Amazonia. The aim was to analyse how host-preferences contributed to the patterns in epiphyte assemblages among the landscape units. In the plots 82 species (3310 plants) were holo-epiphytes, 11 species were primary hemi-epiphytes (179 plants) and 61 were secondary hemi-epiphytes (2337 plants). A total of 411 species of tree and liana were recorded as phorophytes. Detrended Correspondence Analysis and Mantel tests showed that the species composition of holo-epiphytes and secondary hemi-epiphytes differed among the landscape units. For both groups the effect of landscape unit on species composition strongly decreased after controlling for the phorophyte composition in the plots. The phorophyte composition significantly explained epiphyte composition and this effect was not removed after accounting for the effect of landscape unit. At the level of individual species, randomization tests yielded only few significant epiphyte–phorophyte associations. For 84% of the epiphyte species the average indicator of patchiness was below 1.5 demonstrating that most epiphyte individuals occurred scattered over different phorophytes. This probably hampered the analyses of host preferences for individual epiphyte species.
Is competition with livestock detrimental for native wild ungulates? A case study of chital (Axis axis) in Gir Forest, India
Authors: Dave Chittaranjan , Jhala Yadvendradev 
Published: March 2011

Abstract:Livestock graze Indian forests to varying extents but their impact on wild native ungulates is rarely understood. Negative impacts of sympatric livestock on chital (Axis axis) demography and food availability were assessed and compared in the Gir Forest, India, at different spatio-temporal scales. No difference in average group size (mean ± SE) (7.11 ± 0.8 indiv.) (short-term response), fawn to doe ratio (0.43 ± 0.03) (short- to medium-term response), chital density (44.8 ± 7.1 indiv. km−2) (medium- to long-term response), and rate of population increase (r= 0.07 ± 0.014) (long-term response) was found between areas sympatric and livestock-free at the larger spatial scale of Gir Forest. Instead, chital density was correlated with rainfall (r= 0.92). After controlling for confounding factors of rainfall, vegetation community, terrain and lion density, chital density was 62% higher for livestock-free compared with sympatric areas but other demographic parameters showed no statistical difference. Peak above-ground biomass was greater in livestock-free (3255 ± 209 kg ha−1) compared to sympatric areas (1438 ± 152 kg ha−1), but chital food was more abundant in moderately grazed areas compared to livestock-free areas. Overall, long-term livestock grazing has depressive effects on chital but in the short term habitat productivity and suitability overrides the depressive effects of sympatric livestock.
Origin of trunk damage in West African savanna trees: the interaction of fire and termites
Authors: N'Dri A. B. , Gignoux J. , Konaté S. , Dembélé A. , Aïdara D. 
Published: March 2011

Abstract:Two main types of hollow tree are frequently found in savannas: trees with external splits (externally damaged trees), and trees with no or little visible external damage, but with their entire core removed (internally damaged or ‘piped’ trees). As this may affect trunk mechanical resistance and tree survivorship, we studied the incidence of these two types of cavity in relation to two possible causal agents, fire and termites, in a West African savanna. Overall, the proportion of damaged adult trees (height &gt;2 m) reached 36%, and up to 84% forCrossopteryx febrifuga. In this species, almost all (93%) damaged individuals showed signs of digging by fungus-grower and wood-feeder termites. External damage was more frequent in the more fire-prone shrubby savanna, suggesting that while termites are responsible for the piping, fire is responsible for the later opening of the trunk. Trees growing in the more fire-prone savanna tended to reach significantly smaller sizes, both in height and basal diameter, than in the less intensely burnt woody savanna. There was also evidence that piped trees were taller than externally damaged trees. This strongly suggests that fire causes an increased mortality of adult trees through lateral opening of the trunks causing later breakage.
Vertical stratification of Neotropical leaf-nosed bats (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) revealed by stable carbon isotopes
Authors: Rex Katja , Michener Robert , Kunz Thomas H. , Voigt Christian C. 
Published: March 2011

Abstract:Tropical rain forests harbour the most diverse plant and animal assemblages known to science, but our understanding of assemblage structure and species interactions is limited. Bats, as the only flying mammals, have the potential to exploit resources from all strata in forest communities. Thus, fruit-eating phyllostomid bats often have been categorized into canopy-, subcanopy- and understorey-foraging species, based largely upon the height at which they were most frequently captured. Here we challenge this classification and use stable carbon isotopes to assess foraging height of bat species at an Amazonian rain-forest site in Ecuador and at a Caribbean lowland rain-forest site in Costa Rica for comparison with data from mist-net captures. The proportion of the heavy stable carbon isotope13C in relation to the lighter12C isotope increases in plants from ground level to the canopy (0.12‰ m−1–0.18‰ m−1), and these differences in stable carbon isotope signatures are reflected in the body tissue of phytophagous bats. We used the stable carbon isotope ratio (δ13C) of wing tissue to estimate the foraging heights of 54 phyllostomid species in two Neotropical bat assemblages. Based on stable isotope data, phyllostomid species exploit food resources at all vertical strata of the forest. Capture height was not a reliable predictor of foraging height and suggests that bats most likely use lower strata to commute between foraging sites to avoid predators. Vertical stratification is likely to be a key factor promoting niche partitioning, thus promoting high local species richness in many tropical animal assemblages.
TRAVELLING WAVE SOLUTIONS FOR DOUBLY DEGENERATE REACTION–DIFFUSION EQUATIONS
Authors: MANSOUR M. B. A. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThis paper concerns a nonlinear doubly degenerate reaction–diffusion equation which appears in a bacterial growth model and is also of considerable mathematical interest. A travelling wave analysis for the equation is carried out. In particular, the qualitative behaviour of both sharp and smooth travelling wave solutions is analysed. This travelling wave behaviour is also verified by some numerical computations for a special case.
The First BIALL Supplier of the Year Award: a Conversation with John Sinkins of Wildy's
Authors: Scorey Sue 
Published: March 2011

AbstractIn June 2010 the first BIALL Supplier of the Year award was made to Wildy & Sons Ltd, following a survey of BIALL members. The chair of the Awards and Bursaries Committee at the time of the award was Susan Scorey. Some time after the event she talked to John Sinkins, Managing Director of Wildy's, about the award and customer relations more generally.
The future of Afghanistan: an Afghan responsibility
Authors: Rahim Taiba 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBad news about Afghanistan is a daily reality. War has plagued the country for three uninterrupted decades. Afghan women and men face daunting survival struggles. The majority of them have known nothing else but war. Considerable responsibility lies on the shoulders of Afghans themselves, who have caused extensive suffering for their fellow countrywomen and men. This article, however, argues that the future of Afghanistan lies in Afghan hands. The solution to its current problems cannot and will not come from outside. It is time for Afghan men and women to confront their problems, to address their divisions, and to envisage home-grown solutions.
Depleted dissolved organic carbon and distinct bacterial communities in the water column of a rapid-flushing coral reef ecosystem
Authors: Nelson Craig E , Alldredge Alice L , McCliment Elizabeth A , Amaral-Zettler Linda A , Carlson Craig A 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Coral reefs are highly productive ecosystems bathed in unproductive, low-nutrient oceanic waters, where microbially dominated food webs are supported largely by bacterioplankton recycling of dissolved compounds. Despite evidence that benthic reef organisms efficiently scavenge particulate organic matter and inorganic nutrients from advected oceanic waters, our understanding of the role of bacterioplankton and dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the interaction between reefs and the surrounding ocean remains limited. In this study, we present the results of a 4-year study conducted in a well-characterized coral reef ecosystem (Paopao Bay, Moorea, French Polynesia) where changes in bacterioplankton abundance and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations were quantified and bacterial community structure variation was examined along spatial gradients of the reef:ocean interface. Our results illustrate that the reef is consistently depleted in concentrations of both DOC and bacterioplankton relative to offshore waters (averaging 79 μmol l−1 DOC and 5.5 × 108 cells l−1 offshore and 68 μmol l−1 DOC and 3.1 × 108 cells l−1 over the reef, respectively) across a 4-year time period. In addition, using a suite of culture-independent measures of bacterial community structure, we found consistent differentiation of reef bacterioplankton communities from those offshore or in a nearby embayment across all taxonomic levels. Reef habitats were enriched in Gamma-, Delta-, and Betaproteobacteria, Bacteriodetes, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes. Specific bacterial phylotypes, including members of the SAR11, SAR116, Flavobacteria, and Synechococcus clades, exhibited clear gradients in relative abundance among nearshore habitats. Our observations indicate that this reef system removes oceanic DOC and exerts selective pressures on bacterioplankton community structure on timescales approximating reef water residence times, observations which are notable both because fringing reefs do not exhibit long residence times (unlike those characteristic of atoll lagoons) and because oceanic DOC is generally recalcitrant to degradation by ambient microbial assemblages. Our findings thus have interesting implications for the role of oceanic DOM and bacterioplankton in the ecology and metabolism of reef ecosystems.
Carbon, nitrogen and O2 fluxes associated with the cyanobacterium Nodularia spumigena in the Baltic Sea
Authors: Ploug Helle , Adam Birgit , Musat Niculina , Kalvelage Tim , Lavik Gaute , Wolf-Gladrow Dieter , Kuypers Marcel M M 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Photosynthesis, respiration, N2 fixation and ammonium release were studied directly in Nodularia spumigena during a bloom in the Baltic Sea using a combination of microsensors, stable isotope tracer experiments combined with nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (nanoSIMS) and fluorometry. Cell-specific net C- and N2-fixation rates by N. spumigena were 81.6±6.7 and 11.4±0.9 fmol N per cell per h, respectively. During light, the net C:N fixation ratio was 8.0±0.8. During darkness, carbon fixation was not detectable, but N2 fixation was 5.4±0.4 fmol N per cell per h. Net photosynthesis varied between 0.34 and 250 nmol O2 h−1 in colonies with diameters ranging between 0.13 and 5.0 mm, and it reached the theoretical upper limit set by diffusion of dissolved inorganic carbon to colonies (&gt;1 mm). Dark respiration of the same colonies varied between 0.038 and 87 nmol O2 h−1, and it reached the limit set by O2 diffusion from the surrounding water to colonies (&gt;1 mm). N2 fixation associated with N. spumigena colonies (&gt;1 mm) comprised on average 18% of the total N2 fixation in the bulk water. Net NH4+ release in colonies equaled 8–33% of the estimated gross N2 fixation during photosynthesis. NH4+ concentrations within light-exposed colonies, modeled from measured net NH4+ release rates, were 60-fold higher than that of the bulk. Hence, N. spumigena colonies comprise highly productive microenvironments and an attractive NH4+ microenvironment to be utilized by other (micro)organisms in the Baltic Sea where dissolved inorganic nitrogen is limiting growth.
Protist diversity in a permanently ice-covered Antarctic Lake during the polar night transition
Authors: Bielewicz Scott , Bell Elanor , Kong Weidong , Friedberg Iddo , Priscu John C , Morgan-Kiss Rachael M 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
The McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica harbor numerous permanently ice-covered lakes, which provide a year-round oasis for microbial life. Microbial eukaryotes in these lakes occupy a variety of trophic levels within the simple aquatic food web ranging from primary producers to tertiary predators. Here, we report the first molecular study to describe the vertical distribution of the eukaryotic community residing in the photic zone of the east lobe (ELB) and west lobe (WLB) of the chemically stratified Lake Bonney. The 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) libraries revealed vertically stratified populations dominated by photosynthetic protists, with a cryptophyte dominating shallow populations (ELB–6 m; WLB–10 m), a haptophyte occupying mid-depths (both lobes 13 m) and chlorophytes residing in the deepest layers (ELB–18 and 20 m; WLB–15 and 20 m) of the photic zone. A previously undetected stramenopile occurred throughout the water column of both lobes. Temporal variation in the eukaryotic populations was examined during the transition from Antarctic summer (24-h sunlight) to polar night (complete dark). Protist diversity was similar between the two lobes of Lake Bonney due to exchange between the photic zones of the two basins via a narrow bedrock sill. However, vertical and temporal variation in protist distribution occurred, indicating the influence of the unique water chemistry on the biology of the two dry valley watersheds.