bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Presidents page
Authors: Smith Linda C. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractEditor's SummaryAs ASIS&T president for 2011, Linda Smith is emphasizing the use of webinars to provide educational opportunities that support the Society's purpose of encouraging members' professional growth. A live, interactive, online presentation, a webinar serves well as an educational forum for participants and adds long‐term value through recording and archiving. Smith is leading efforts focusing on webinar content development, providers, delivery issues, costs and compensation, and policies to serve further development. A two‐part ASIS&T webinar on linked data follows multi‐part webinar presentations on information architecture and on taxonomy uses.
Introduction: Knowledge organization innovation: Design and frameworks
Authors: Greenberg Jane 
Published: April 2011

AbstractEditor's SummaryThe collection of articles in this issue of the Bulletin of the American Society for Information Science and Technology reflects the association between knowledge and the methods we use to represent a knowledge domain – knowledge organization systems (KOS). Though necessary and beneficial, our efforts to capture and represent knowledge impose a structure and inevitably reflect our perceptions and established notions. We must be aware of limits created in the process and be open to innovative approaches that facilitate access and serve all users without operational or cultural barriers. These collected articles explore new ideas in developing KOS designs and in their structural frameworks. They describe real world projects that illustrate innovations and challenge conventional approaches to knowledge organization systems.
A STELLAR role for knowledge organization systems in digital archaeology
Authors: Tudhope Douglas , Binding Ceri , Jeffrey Stuart , May Keith , Vlachidis Andreas 
Published: April 2011

AbstractEditor's SummaryResearch data in archaeology is being made more accessible through the semantic efforts of the STAR and STELLAR projects of two United Kingdom universities. The goal of STAR (Semantic Technologies for Archaeological Resources) is to facilitate semantic interoperability, enabling a structured semantic search of five databases and grey literature reports using an ontology of cultural heritage in combination with other knowledge organization systems. STAR employs natural language processing to identify key concepts and generate semantic metadata to support the unified search. STELLAR (Semantic Technologies Enhancing Links and Linked data for Archaeological Resources) takes the process a step further by simplifying the job of expressing excavation data in CRM ontology terms and then generating representations as linked data. The two projects demonstrate the effectiveness of semantic interoperability methods, coordinating data and vocabularies in a shared framework, and supporting the reuse of archaeological excavation data.
Developing an eclectic terminology registry
Authors: Hlava Marjorie 
Published: April 2011

AbstractEditor's SummaryAs taxonomies and other knowledge organization systems expand, the need for a shared space to collect and describe these terminologies is becoming more pressing. A solution is the TaxoBank Terminology Registry, sponsored by Access Innovations, Inc. TaxoBank borrows from a terminology registry metadata model developed in the United Kingdom, offering a set of metadata to describe a vocabulary, its major and minor topics, languages, conditions for use, provider and more. TaxoBank's coverage is broad, ranging from large and formal vocabularies from governmental entities to small and quirky thesauri submissions from library and information science students. The registry is a collaborative effort, welcoming all to contribute and describe a vocabulary, as well as to review, borrow and learn from other taxonomy submissions.
Using social discovery systems to leverage user‐generated metadata
Authors: Spiteri Louise F. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractEditor's SummaryThe use of social discovery systems is rapidly expanding, often building vibrant and interactive communities. Some public and academic libraries are trying out these systems, in which patrons can contribute ratings, reviews, and comments. While user‐contributed metadata may not equal the quality of professional cataloging, it can enhance the catalog records with rich supplementary information and personal perspectives. The author's examination of use of social features in two public libraries led to the discouraging observation that addition of user‐generated metadata in these contexts was limited, in sharp contrast to other social sites. The question of motivation is key. People's notions of library catalog records and their ownership by library staff may present an obstacle to contributing metadata. User‐generated metadata has the potential to add value to records while conserving limited library resources. The challenge of promoting the active use of social discovery systems in libraries demands further research.
Developing a Dublin Core Application Profile for the knowledge organization systems (KOS) resources
Authors: Zeng Marcia Lei , Hodge Gail 
Published: April 2011

AbstractEditor's SummarySince 2000, members of the Networked Knowledge Organization Systems/Services (NKOS) group have been working on specifications for metadata to describe the variety of knowledge organization systems (KOS), including classification schemes, thesauri and taxonomies. At the 2010 Dublin Core Metadata Initiative (DCMI) International Conference, a task group was formed to create a Dublin Core Application Profile (DCAP) for KOS to facilitate the use of KOS in networked settings. The DCAP details metadata used for a KOS application, addressing how the KOS is to function, the items and interrelationships described, the metadata terms used and their rules for use and the machine syntax used for encoding data. Building on past work, the task group is making progress toward its numerous goals, including production of a KOS Type Vocabulary, integrating the KOS taxonomy and KOS typology into a single workable product and ultimately testing the KOS DCAP and Typology on a variety of actual knowledge organization systems.
Idea Collider: From a theory of knowledge organization to a theory of knowledge interaction
Authors: Smiraglia Richard P. , van den Heuvel Charles 
Published: April 2011

AbstractEditor's SummaryA new and novel addition to core concepts of information science and technology is the Idea Collider, adapting the conceptual basis of the particle accelerator. The Idea Collider is presented as a theory of information and an information retrieval tool that deconstructs text to the underlying elements – the concepts, ideas, knowledge entities, taxons and knowledge bases – and then reconstitutes groupings of data. The authors champion the idea of a “multiverse of knowledge,” in contrast to the “universe of knowledge” that is an important metaphor in traditional classification theory. A historical review of outstanding theoretical landmarks in classification theory explores the universe of knowledge metaphor, faceted classification theory and the universe of concepts, moving from a holistic view of existing knowledge to an elemental deconstruction that can account for all knowledge, past and future. The Idea Collider is proposed as a theoretical approach to identifying the essential parts of knowledge, dissociating those elements from culture‐ and time‐bound dimensions and making them available for a bottom‐up reassembly process.
Transport of Free and Peptide‐Bound Glycated Amino Acids: Synthesis, Transepithelial Flux at Caco‐2 Cell Monolayers, and Interaction with Apical Membrane Transport Proteins
Authors: Hellwig Michael , Geissler Stefanie , Matthes René , Peto Anett , Silow Christoph , Brandsch Matthias , Henle Thomas 
Published: April 2011

AbstractIn glycation reactions, the side chains of protein‐bound nucleophilic amino acids such as lysine and arginine are post‐translationally modified to a variety of derivatives also known as Maillard reaction products (MRPs). Considerable amounts of MRPs are taken up in food. Here we have studied the interactions of free and dipeptide‐bound MRPs with intestinal transport systems. Free and dipeptide‐bound derivatives of N6‐(1‐fructosyl)lysine (FL), N6‐(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML), N6‐(1‐carboxyethyl)lysine (CEL), formyline, argpyrimidine, and methylglyoxal‐derived hydroimidazolone 1 (MG‐H1) were synthesized. The inhibition of L‐[3H]lysine and [14C]glycylsarcosine uptakes was measured in Caco‐2 cells which express the H+/peptide transporter PEPT1 and lysine transport system(s). Glycated amino acids always displayed lower affinities than their unmodified analogues towards the L‐[3H]lysine transporter(s). In contrast, all glycated dipeptides except Ala‐FL were medium‐ to high‐affinity inhibitors of [14C]Gly‐Sar uptake. The transepithelial flux of the derivatives across Caco‐2 cell monolayers was determined. Free amino acids and intact peptides derived from CML and CEL were translocated to very small extents. Application of peptide‐bound MRPs, however, led to elevation (up to 80‐fold) of the net flux and intracellular accumulation of glycated amino acids, which were hydrolyzed from the dipeptides inside the cells. We conclude 1) that free MRPs are not substrates for the intestinal lysine transporter(s), and 2) that dietary MRPs are absorbed into intestinal cells in the form of dipeptides, most likely by the peptide transporter PEPT1. After hydrolysis, hydrophobic glycated amino acids such as pyrraline, formyline, maltosine, and argpyrimidine undergo basolateral efflux, most likely by simple diffusion down their concentration gradients.
Exploration of Biarsenical Chemistry—Challenges in Protein Research
Authors: Pomorski Adam , Krężel Artur 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe fluorescent modification of proteins (with genetically encoded low‐molecular‐mass fluorophores, affinity probes, or other chemically active species) is extraordinarily useful for monitoring and controlling protein functions in vitro, as well as in cell cultures and tissues. The large sizes of some fluorescent tags, such as fluorescent proteins, often perturb normal activity and localization of the protein of interest, as well as other effects. Of the many fluorescent‐labeling strategies applied to in vitro and in vivo studies, one is very promising. This requires a very short (6‐ to12‐residue), appropriately spaced, tetracysteine sequence (CCXXCC); this is either placed at a protein terminus, within flexible loops, or incorporated into secondary structure elements. Proteins that contain the tetracysteine motif become highly fluorescent upon labeling with a nonluminescent biarsenical probe, and form very stable covalent complexes. We focus on the development, growth, and multiple applications of this protein research methodology, both in vitro and in vivo. Its application is not limited to intact‐cell protein visualization; it has tremendous potential in other protein research disciplines, such as protein purification and activity control, electron microscopy imaging of cells or tissue, protein–protein interaction studies, protein stability, and aggregation studies.
Perforation of the descending thoracic aorta during transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI): An unexpected and dramatic procedural complication
Authors: Aminian Adel , Lalmand Jacques , El Nakadi Badih 
Published: April 2011

AbstractTranscatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has become an established technique for the treatment of aortic stenosis in patients who cannot undergo surgery. Although TAVI is obviously less invasive than open surgical repair, it is not free of complications. We report a case of unexplained refractory shock during transfemoral TAVI with subsequent autopsy demonstrating a 1‐cm large perforation of the descending thoracic aorta as the cause of death. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case ever reported. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ischemic hepatitis secondary to hepatic artery steal in a patient with celiac artery stenosis and severe postural hypotension
Authors: Panwar Vikram , Ranaweera Priyantha 
Published: April 2011

AbstractIschemic hepatitis, also known as hypoxic hepatitis or shock liver is defined as an acute, transient elevation of aminotransferase levels in the absence of any known causes. The pathogenesis is multifactorial. Many studies have suggested systemic hypotension as a major contributor to the pathogenesis of ischemic hepatitis but that alone is not enough to cause it. Celiac artery stenosis does not commonly cause clinically significant hepatic ischemia because of its rich collaterals. We present a case of a 78‐year‐old male with a background of severe orthostatic hypotension, who presented with elevation of liver enzymes due to hepatic artery steal precipitated by celiac artery stenosis. Clinical investigations showed elevated transaminases and unremarkable CT scan. Invasive celiac artery angiography showed a critical ostial lesion and it was stented. The liver enzymes peaked the day following stenting and normalized over the next 9 days. This confirmed clinically significant hepatic artery steal due to an ostial celiac artery stenosis. Relieving the celiac artery stenosis normalized the liver enzymes confirming the interdependence of the two components of this rare syndrome. Our report is the only report to our knowledge where classic hepatic artery steal and shock liver was demonstrated due to the rare combination of severe orthostatic hypotension and celiac artery ostial stenosis. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Vascular hemostasis bandage compared to standard manual compression after cardiac catheterization in children
Authors: Waragai Tadashi , Morgan Gareth , Ralston Tami , Chaturvedi Rajiv , Lee Kyong‐Jin , Benson Lee 
Published: April 2011

AbstractBackground: Femoral venous and arterial approaches are the commonly used to obtain vascular access for pediatric cardiac catheterization. Hemostasis after catheter removal is usually obtained by manual compression. However, this technique is time consuming and at times painful. Although several closure devices are available for adults, they are not widely applicable in children. Objectives: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of a microporous polysaccharide hemospheres hemostasis (MPH) bandage compared to manual compression. Methods: Prospective randomized study, involving 112 children after cardiac catheterization. One group received the MPH bandage, another manual compression. Compression time was predetermined by the size of sheath plus one minute. Success was defined as no bleeding or hematoma formation. If bleeding continued, compression was continued as needed and time to hemostasis recorded. Informed consent was obtained prior to randomization. Group comparisons were performed with a Student's t, Pearson's Chi Square, and Fisher's exact test as appropriate. Results: Fewer children required a compression time of >15 min (P = 0.006) and more had a shorter time to hemostasis (P = 0.003) in the MPH group for venous access control. Time to hemostasis was also shorter in the MPH (P = 0.048) in arterial access cases, but the number of children requiring a compression time >15 min was the same. Complications including hematoma formation in each group were similar. Conclusions: The MPH bandage allows a shorter time to achieve hemostasis compared to manual compression. This improves turnaround time and laboratory efficiency. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Vascular interventions in young patients undergoing transvenous pacemaker revision
Authors: Zartner Peter , Toussaint‐Goetz Nicole , Wiebe Walter , Schneider Martin 
Published: April 2011

AbstractAims:: Transvenous lead implantation for pacemaker (PM) or implantable cardioverter defibrillators systems in children and young patients with congenital heart disease is widely practiced. With longer implantation times, the risk for vascular occlusion increases. Transvenous angioplasty may be used to maintain venous patency for system revision in the future. Retrospective analysis of the interventional techniques employed in our young patients undergoing PM revision may identify its clinical benefit.Methods and Results:: Between May 2005 and August 2010, 28 procedures to maintain central venous patency were performed in 24 patients. Median age was 14.3 years (range, 3.6–29.5 years). The median lead age at time of intervention was 6.8 years (range, 8 days–21.5 years). Balloon dilation of the stenotic vessels was performed with and without prior lead removal. Revascularization with stent implantation was successfully attempted in all clinically relevant obstructions. All PM systems retained full function or were upgraded as planned. There were no major complications and acute surgical referral was not required.Conclusion:: Angioplasty techniques may be used to maintain and increase the longevity of transvenous pacing pathways in young patients. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Early‐ and mid‐term outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve implantation in patients with logistic EuroSCORE less than 20%: A comparative analysis between different risk strata
Authors: Tamburino Corrado , Barbanti Marco , Capodanno Davide , Sarkar Kunal , Cammalleri Valeria , Scarabelli Marilena , Mulè Massimiliano , Immè Sebastiano , Aruta Patrizia , Ussia Gian Paolo 
Published: April 2011

AbstractBackground: Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI) is an emerging alternative to medical therapy reserved to a limited population with severe aortic stenosis. The European consensus document recommended TAVI for prohibitive‐risk patients not eligible for conventional surgery (prohibitive risk defined as expected mortality ≥ 20% calculated with the Logistic EuroScore (LES) in association with clinical judgment). To date, there is lack of clarity on data about outcomes of TAVI in lower risk patients. We sought to evaluate the outcomes of patients undergoing TAVI with LES ≥ 20% in comparison with patients with LES < 20%.Method: Of 165 patients who underwent TAVI using the 18‐French Medtronic CoreValve (N = 153) and the Sapien Edwards™ (N = 12) at our Institution between June 2007 and September 2010, we identified those with LES < 20%, with prosthesis implantation (n = 84), and reported on their clinical outcome compared with patients with LES ≥ 20% (n = 78). The primary endpoint was the incidence of overall death and major adverse cerebrovascular and cardiac events (MACCE) at 30‐day and midterm follow‐up stratifying patients by clinical characteristics.Results: At 30‐day, a significant higher incidence of MACCE (20.8% vs. 6.0%, odds ratio [OR] 4.08 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.42–11.74, P = 0.009) and death (15.6% vs. 2.4%, OR 7.45 95% CI 1.61–34.48, P = 0.010) was reported in the LES ≥ 20% group as compared with the LES < 20% group, respectively. The 12‐month MACCE rates was (27.1% vs. 11.4%, hazard ratio [HR] 2.47 95% CI 0.93–6.63, P = 0. 071) for LES ≥ 20% and LES < 20% patients, respectively (mortality rates was 25.7% vs. 6.8% HR 4.21 95% CI 1.24–14.30, P = 0.021).Conclusion: This study tends to suggest that current mortality reported after TAVI could be significantly affected by the very‐high risk profile of the population which currently undergoes this procedure, making comparison with surgical series rather unreliable. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc
Serial intravascular ultrasound analysis comparing double kissing and classical crush stenting for coronary bifurcation lesions
Authors: Chen Shao‐Liang , Mintz Gary , Kan Jing , Zhang Jun‐Jie , Hu Zuo‐Ying , Ye Fei , Tian Nai‐Liang , Zhang Jun‐Xia , Xu Tian , Liu Zhi‐Zhong 
Published: April 2011

AbstractBackground: Compared with the classical crush, double kissing (DK) crush improved outcomes in patients with coronary bifurcation lesions. However, there is no serial intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) comparisons between these two techniques. Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the mechanisms of the two crush stenting techniques using serial IVUS imaging. Methods: A total of 54 patients with IVUS images at baseline, post‐stenting and eight‐month follow‐up were classified into classical (n = 16) and DK (n = 38) groups. All patients underwent final kissing balloon inflation (FKBI). Unsatisfactory kissing (KUS) was defined as the presence of wrist or >20% stenosis during FKBI at the side branch (SB) ostium. The vessels at bifurcation lesions were divided into the proximal main vessel (MV) stent, the crushed segment, the distal MV stent, the SB ostium and the SB stent body. Results: KUS and incomplete crushing were commonly observed in the classical group (62.5%, 81.3%), compared with DK group (18.0%, 39.5%, P < 0.001 and P = 0.004). The post‐stenting stent symmetry in the classical group was 71.85 ± 7.69% relative to 85.93 ± 6.09% in DK group (P = 0.022), resulting in significant differences in neointimal hyperplasia (NIH, 1.60 ± 0.21 mm2 vs. 0.85 ± 0.23 mm2, P = 0.005), late lumen loss (1.31 ± 0.81 mm2 vs. 0.55 ± 0.70 mm2, P = 0.013), and minimal lumen area (MLA, 3.57 ± 1.52 mm2 vs. 4.52 ± 1.40 mm2,
P = 0.042) at the SB ostium between two groups. KUS was positively correlated with the incomplete crush and was the only predictor of in‐stent‐restenosis (ISR) at the SB ostium. Conclusion: DK crush was associated with improved quality of the FKBI and larger MLA. KUS predicted the occurrence of ISR. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Transcatheter valve in valve implantation for failed mitral and tricuspid bioprosthesis
Authors: Cerillo Alfredo Giuseppe , Chiaramonti Francesca , Murzi Michele , Bevilacqua Stefano , Cerone Elisa , Palmieri Cataldo , Del Sarto Paolo , Mariani Massimiliano , Berti Sergio , Glauber Mattia 
Published: April 2011

AbstractObjective: We report our experience with the transapical transcatheter “Valve in valve” implantation (T‐VIV) in patients with a failed mitral or tricuspid bioprosthesis; we briefly review the pertinent literature, and discuss some technical aspects of this procedure. Background: Redo valve surgery for failure of a mitral or tricuspid bioprosthesis might become extremely challenging, both because of the patients' condition, which is frequently poor, and for the technical aspects of the operation itself, that can be very demanding. T‐VIV has been widely employed with good results for the treatment of aortic bioprosthesis failure, and could represent an attractive option in this setting. Methods: Four patients with multiple comorbidities (age: 63‐83 years; logistic Euroscore: 37.2‐81.5) underwent T‐VIV at our institution for failure of a mitral [3] or tricuspid [1] bioprosthesis. A 26mm Sapien valve was used in all cases. All the mitral procedures were performed via a transapical approach. The tricuspid procedure was performed via a transjugular approach. Results: The first mitral procedure was complicated by the splaying of the xenograft stents and embolization of the valve. The procedure was converted to conventional surgery, and the patient died on postoperative day 1. In the subsequent procedures, the valve was positioned more atrially, and was fixed to the malfunctioning xenograft sewing ring. All subsequent procedures were successful, all patients were discharged home and were alive and well at follow‐up. Conclusions: The results of T‐VIV procedure in the mitral position have been suboptimal, and four of the sixteen patients reported to date died. However, all patients were extremely diseased, and some of the reported failures were related to amendable technical factors relative to the surgical access or to the valve deployment technique. With increasing experience, this procedure might become indicated as an alternative to conventional surgery in selected patients, encouraging increased use of bioprosthesis, and marking a pivotal change in the management of valvular disease. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.