bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE BIOLOGY OF SIMULIUM ARCTICUM MALLOCH IN ALBERTA. PART I. OBLIGATE ANAUTOGENY IN S. ARCTICUM AND OTHER BLACK FLIES (DIPTERA: SIMULIIDAE)
Authors: Anderson J.R. , Shemanchuk J.A. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe primary follicles of all 291 laboratory-reared Simulium arcticum Malloch females provided with only sucrose and water did not develop beyond stage II. This was true for flies derived from field-collected eggs, larvae, or pupae, and for laboratory-reared larvae that received either standard, concentrated, or unsupplemented river water diets. Conversely, all 59 females that digested a meal of cattle blood had follicles at stage IV by 85 h and stage V (mature eggs) by 109 h post-engorgement. Simulium arcticum populations from the Athabasca and Crowsnest River were thus characterized by obligate anautogeny and gonotrophic concordance. Most non-blood-fed females were dissected and examined when 4–19 days old. The presence or absence of a meconium, quantity of fat body, and other internal features were compared in young and old non-blood-fed females.
REVISION OF THE GENUS SYNOPHROMORPHA ASHMEAD (HYMENOPTERA: CYNIPIDAE)
Authors: Ritchie Alasdair J. , Shorthouse Joseph D. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe species of Synophromorpha Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) are reviewed. One new species is described (Synophromorpha kaulbarsi; type locality: Naupan, Puebla, Mexico). The previously described species (S. rubi Weld, S. sylvestris (O.S.), and S. terricola Weld) are redescribed, and a key to species is presented. All species are illustrated for the first time. Synophromorpha sylvestris is designated type-species for the genus and a lectotype is chosen. Hypotheses on the phylogenetic relationships between the species of Synophromorpha are presented.
DEVELOPMENT OF SAMPLING TECHNIQUES FOR THE SPRUCE BUDMOTH, ZEIRAPHERA CANADENSIS MUT. AND FREE. (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)
Authors: Turgeon Jean J. , Régnière Jacques 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe spatial and statistical distribution of Zeiraphera canadensis Mut. and Free. (spruce budmoth) within the crown of white spruce (< 4 m high) was investigated in northern New Brunswick. A 15-cm branch segment, measured distally from the scales of the branch’s apical growth and taken from the upper one-third of the crown, is considered an adequate sample unit for density estimates of spruce budmoth eggs and larvae. Sample sizes required to estimate spruce budmoth larval densities with given levels of precision and confidence were determined. A sequential sampling plan to classify spruce budmoth populations as low or high (potentially leading to growth reduction and deformed leaders in white spruce) was also developed.
AN EVALUATION OF THREE TRAPS AND TWO LURES FOR THE AMBROSIA BEETLE TRYPODENDRON LINEATUM (OLIV.) (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE) IN CANADA, NORWAY, AND WEST GERMANY
Authors: McLean J.A. , Bakke A. , Niemeyer H. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractMultiple funnel, Schlitzfalle, and drainpipe traps baited with Linoprax® or Biolure® semiochemical baiting systems for the ambrosia beetle Trypodendron lineatum (Oliv.) were evaluated in similar experiments in British Columbia, West Germany, and Norway. In British Columbia, the Biolure-baited traps caught more T. lineatum of both sexes than did Linoprax-baited traps. The Linoprax-baited traps caught more male T. lineatum in West Germany and Norway but fewer females than the Biolure system. Low percentages of female T. lineatum were often recorded at drainpipe traps.
SEX PHEROMONE COMPONENTS OF AN ALBERTA POPULATION OF EUROPEAN CORN BORER, OSTRINIA NUBILALIS (HBN.) (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE)
Authors: Struble D.L. , Byers J.R. , McLeod D.G.R. , Ayre G.L. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe sex pheromone components of European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hbn.), from southern Alberta were identified in washes and extracts of abdomen tips from calling female moths. This is a Z strain population as (Z)-11- and (E)-11-tetradecenyl acetates were isolated in a ratio 100:2.4, and a corresponding synthetic blend in a ratio of 100:3 attracted males in the field. Dodecyl alcohol, tetradecyl alcohol and acetate, and (Z)-11-tetradecenol were also identified, but none of these components nor other "pheromone-like" mono-unsaturated C10 to C16 acetates had any effect on increasing the trap catches of male moths under field conditions. However, the addition of (Z)-9-dodecenyl acetate or (Z)-9-tetradecenyl acetate to the synthetic pheromone blend significantly reduced the capture of male moths, even though these compounds were not detectable in the female extracts. Pheromone blends used for monitoring the Z strain of the European corn borer must be essentially free, ca.< 0.1%, of these acetates. A commercially available, sticky-surface, delta-type trap was the most satisfactory of several tested for capturing moths under prairie conditions.
CONTROLLED-RELEASE SEX PHEROMONE LURES FOR MONITORING SPRUCE BUDWORM POPULATIONS
Authors: Sanders C.J. , Meighen E.A. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractFive formulations of the primary sex pheromone components of the spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana [Clem.]) were evaluated as lures for monitoring spruce budworm populations: Biolures (Consep Membranes Inc.), Luretape plastic flakes (Hercon, Healthchem Corp.), polyethylene vials (International Pheromone Systems), hollow fibers (Albany International), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pellets. PVC pellets showed significant loss in attractiveness over the required 6-week period. Also, different batches of PVC pellets had very different rates of pheromone release and attraction; the oldest lures, stored for the longest period, were the most attractive. Luretape caught fewer moths than anticipated from the release-rate data and showed wide variation in catch among individual lures. Fibers were inconsistent. Biolures and polyethylene vials showed the lowest decline in attractiveness over time and the lowest variation in catch among individual lures, but their capture rates were higher than necessary.
OMALORPHANUS AENIGMA, AN UNUSUAL NEW GENUS AND SPECIES OF OMALIINAE (COLEOPTERA: STAPHYLINEDAE) FROM OREGON
Authors: Campbell J.M. , Chandler D.S. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractOmalorphanus new genus is described to include the new species O. aenigma from the Cascade Range of Oregon. The species is tentatively assigned to the subfamily Omaliinae, tribe Anthophagini; the characters on which this assignment is based and the morphological features that distinguish it from other Omaliinae are thoroughly discussed.
NOSEMA LOCUSTAE CANNING (MICROSPORIDA) SPORE POPULATIONS IN TREATED FIELD SOILS AND RESIDENT GRASSHOPPER POPULATIONS
Authors: Germida J.J. , Ewen A.B. , Onofriechuk E.E. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe survival and persistence of Nosema locustae Canning in field soils and resident grasshopper populations in Saskatchewan were assessed in a 3-year study. Low levels of N. locustae spores persist in soils but not on vegetation from treated fields. Large numbers of spores were sometimes detected in soil depending on the extent of infection in the resident grasshopper populations. Indigenous soil microorganisms appear to prey upon N. locustae spores or utilize nutrients during spore decomposition. Nosema locustae infection in resident grasshoppers varied, depending on the viability of the spores applied, and its level was higher following repeated (3-year) applications. Low numbers of N. locustae spores persist in soil but large populations probably will not accumulate because of leaching and because of their interaction with soil microorganisms. Spores appeared to leach through soil as a function of water movement.
REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY OF THE SPRUCE BUDMOTH, ZEIRAPHERA CANADENSIS MUT. & FREE. (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE: OLETHREUTINAE), IN NEW BRUNSWICK
Authors: Turgeon J.J. , Nelson N. , Kettela E.G. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractStudies on the reproductive biology of the spruce budmoth, Zeiraphera canadensis Mut. & Free., were conducted in northern New Brunswick. Observations of adults under insectary conditions revealed that peak mating occurred around midnight, and that copulation lasted on average 4.3 h. The age of males and females at mating as well as their longevity is provided for both years. The pre-oviposition period was similar for both years, 6.1 and 6.3 days in 1984 and 1985, respectively. The oviposition period decreased from 6.1 days in 1984 to 4.4 days in 1985. The total fecundity was 32.9 eggs per female in 1984 and 21.8 eggs per female in 1985. The mean age-specific oviposition rate under 1984 field conditions is also presented. The importance of these results in determining the proper timing of adulticidal sprays against Z. canadensis is discussed.
CAPNIA LICINA JEWETT (PLECOPTERA: CAPNIIDAE): A DESCRIPTION OF THE ADULT FEMALE AND REDESCRIPTION OF THE MALE
Authors: Cannings S.G. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractAn extensive collection of adult Capnia licina Jewett was made in the Mount Baker area, Washington, USA, and from this the previously unknown female is described and illustrated, and the male redescribed and reillustrated.
EFFECTS OF SEVERAL INSECT GROWTH REGULATORS ON EGG HATCH AND SUBSEQUENT DEVELOPMENT IN THE CABBAGE MAGGOT DELIA RADICUM (L.) (DIPTERA: ANTHOMYIIDAE)
Authors: Young Terry-Lynn , Gordon Roger , Cornect Marcel 
Published: November 2009

AbstractEggs (24–28 h old) of Delia radicum (L.) were treated with the same doses of diflubenzuron, methoprene, juvenile hormone I, or precocene II. Diflubenzuron significantly reduced egg hatching compared with untreated and solvent-treated controls. Methoprene had a delayed effect, preventing eclosion of adults from pupae that subsequently developed from treated eggs. A commercial formulation of diflubenzuron, Dimilin®, significantly suppressed and delayed hatching of eggs treated when 3–7 h old but not of eggs treated when 24–48 h old. Diflubenzuron may be as effective as the commercial insecticide carbofuran in protecting rutabaga slices from damage, as all larvae that did hatch died shortly afterwards.
PINE OIL: AN OVIPOSITION DETERRENT FOR THE ONION MAGGOT, DELIA ANTIQUA (MEIGEN) (DIPTERA: ANTHOMYIIDAE)
Authors: Javer A. , Wynne A.D. , Borden J.H. , Judd G.J.R. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractPine oil (Norpine-65, Northwest Petrochemicals) was assessed as an oviposition deterrent for gravid female onion maggots, Delia antiqua (Meigen), in two types of laboratory experiments. When given a choice for 24 h between a control onion half treated with hexane and an onion half treated with pine oil in hexane, the females oviposited preferentially on or around the control onion half. In a no-choice experiment the females laid over three times as many eggs on or around solvent control onions as on or around onions treated with 1.0% pine oil. The DC50 (deterrent concentration50) was calculated to be 0.09%. The results suggest that pine oil (or its constituents) may have potential as an oviposition deterrent under field conditions.
THE IDENTITY OFDONACIA CUPREAKIRBY, 1837, ANDDONACIA QUADRICOLLISSAY, 1827, WITH A TAXONOMIC REVISION OF MEMBERS OF THEDONACIA SUBTILISKUNZE-GROUP (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE: DONACIINAE)
Authors: Askevold Ingolf S. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractTheDonacia subtilisspecies-group, comprisingD.subtilisKunze,D.fulgensLeConte,D.confluentaSay, andD.tuberculifronsSchaeffer, is newly defined. A key to species, and genitalic figures of males for the species are given. Types are designated for all names where necessary.Donacia cupreaKirby, 1837 (lectotype female, BMNH, designated herein), the oldest name available forD.quadricollis,auctorum, is revalidated.Donacia quadricollisSay, 1827 (neotype male, MCZ, designated herein) is newly placed as junior subjective synonym ofD.subtilisKunze, 1818.Donacia confluentaSay, 1827 (neotype male, MCZ, designated herein) is removed from synonymy ofD.subtilisKunze on the basis of differences in male genitalic structure.Donacia magistrigataMead, 1938, is transferred from junior subjective synonymy ofD.fulgensLeConte, 1851 (lectotype male, MCZ, designated herein) to junior subjective synonymy ofD.subtilisKunze, on the basis of similarity of male genitalic structure. The collection of Ahrens is lost, therefore a neotype forD.aeneaAhrens, 1810, not Hoppe, 1795, is designated (CNC, male).Donacia aereaLacordaire, 1845 (lectotype, male, BMNH, designated herein) remains as junior subjective synonym ofD.subtilisKunze.
SEASONAL AND HOST PLANT EFFECTS ON PARASITISM OF COLORADO POTATO BEETLE BY MYIOPHARUS DORYPHORAE (RILEY) (DIPTERA: TACHINIDAE)
Authors: Horton David R. , Capinera John L. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractParasitism of Colorado potato beetle, Leptirwtarsa decemlineata (Say), by the tachinid fly Myiopharus doryphorae (Riley) was monitored over four summers. Beetle larvae were collected from potato and a wild host species, Solanum sarrachoides Sendt., and allowed to complete development in the laboratory. Parasitism rates were high, averaging 67, 58, and 45% over the 4 years, in June, July, and August, respectively. Categorical analyses indicated that parasitism rates were dependent upon year, month, and host plant species of the beetle. During 1983–1985, rates were highest in June, and decreased over the summer; results for 1986 were somewhat atypical, with parasitism rates being low in June and increasing somewhat in August. Host plant effects on parasitism varied with year. During 1983–1984, rates were higher for beetles collected from potato than beetles collected from S. sarrachoides; this tendency was reversed in 1985.
PARASITISM OF LEPTINOTARSA DECEMLINEATA (SAY) EGGS BY EDOVUM PUTTLERI GRISSELL (HYMENOPTERA: EULOPHIDAE): EFFECTS OF HOST AGE, PARASITOID AGE, AND TEMPERATURE
Authors: Lashomb J. , Krainacker D. , Jansson R.K. , Ng Y.S. , Chianese R. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractParasitism of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), by Edovum puttleri Grissell, an exotic egg parasitoid, was studied in relation to the age of host eggs, the age of adult, female parasitoids, and temperature. Parasitism was greater in eggs ≤2 days old than in eggs older than 2 days. Eggs older than 2 days were killed primarily by probing and consequent desiccation. The percentage of eggs killed by probing was positively correlated with host age and negatively correlated with percentage parasitism. Total mortality of eggs from parasitism and probing did not differ among age classes. Following a 3-day preoviposition period, parasitism and probing increased with an increase in the age of females, peaked when adults were ca. 13 days old, and subsequently declined. Parasitism and probing were influenced by temperature: at 15 °C, no parasitism or probing was observed; above 15 °C, mortality from parasitism and probing increased with an increase in temperature up to 30 °C; above 30 °C, the number of eggs that were parasitized and probed decreased with an increase in temperature.
FIRST RECORD OF THE MITE FAMILY PODOCINIDAE (ACARI: MESOSTIGMATA) IN CANADA, WITH NOTES ON OTHER RECORDS IN NORTH AMERICA
Authors: Lindquist Evert E. , Wu King Wan 
Published: November 2009

AbstractCollection of Podocinum pacificum Berlese from southeastern Ontario represents the first record of the mite family Podocinidae in Canada. Other distribution records including the northerly extent of this species in North America are discussed.
INHERITANCE OF GREGARIOUS AND SOLITARY OVIPOSITION INMUSCIDIFURAX RAPTORELLUSKOGAN AND LEGNER (HYMENOPTERA: PTEROMALIDAE)
Authors: Legner E.F. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractInheritance of gregarious or solitary oviposition inMuscidifurax raptorellusKogan and Legner involves two phases: (1) the female parasitoid expresses either trait shortly after mating, the magnitude of which is apparently determined by the male genome; and (2) the trait is then apparently fixed into a genome of her offspring who demonstrate it in the virgin state. In the first phase, less than one-half the magnitude of behavioral expression is shown, full expression occurring in the F1diploid virgin hybrid. In matings with hybrids produced from subsequent backcrosses, more than one-half of the behavior is expressed shortly after mating. Traits related to gregarious oviposition (number parasitoids developed per host and total progeny) were also similarly initially expressed and subsequently inherited. A polygenic mode of inheritance is apparent, with ≥3-22 genes estimated. The extranuclear influences prior to inheritance may involve microorganisms and/or chemicals (enzymes) present in hymenopteran seminal fluid. Natural selection in this system should be accelerated by males causing the expression of a portion of the quantity of heritable behavior within the same generation.
COCCINELLIDS (COLEOPTERA: COCCINELLIDAE) AND SYRPHIDS (DIPTERA: SYRPHIDAE) AS PREDATORS OF APHIDS IN CEREAL CROPS: A COMPARISON OF SAMPLING METHODS
Authors: Lapchin L. , Ferran A. , Iperti G. , Rabasse J.M. , Lyon J.P. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe reliability of three methods for sampling aphidophagous coccinellids and syrphids in a winter wheat field was compared.In the first method, an observer recorded predators seen during 2 min per 25-m2 sub-plot. In the second, two observers worked successively through each plot, scanning the full height of wheat plants and collecting predators. This method enables calculation of predator density using De Lury’s technique. The third method consisted of collecting wheat plants from each sub-plot for examination in the laboratory.The first method may be used for appraising populations of adult coccinellids on a large scale. The detailed searching method is appropriate for studies of the population dynamics of adult and fourth-instar coccinellids. The plant sampling method is the most accurate for assesssing densities of syrphid larvae and pupae.
THE GREEN STINK BUG GENUS CHLOROCHROA STÅL (HEMIPTERA: PENTATOMIDAE) IN CANADA
Authors: Scudder G.G.E. , Thomas D.B. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThis paper reviews the occurrence of the genus Chlorochroa Stål in Canada. It is shown that 10 species occur in this country, namely C. belfragii (Stål), C. faceta (Say), C. congrua Uhler, C. granulosa (Uhler), C. ligata (Say), C. opuntiae Esselbaugh, C. persimilis Horvath, C. rossiana Buxton and Thomas, C. uhleri (Stål), and C. viridicata (Walker). Chlorochroa sayi (Stål) does not occur in Canada. The published records of C. sayi as a pest of agricultural crops and ornamentals in Canada refer to C. uhleri.
DISTRIBUTION OF INSECTS FOUND IN GRANARY RESIDUES IN THE CANADIAN PRAIRIES
Authors: Smith L.B. , Barker P.S. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractA distribution study of stored-product and other insects in unswept, empty farm granaries was conducted in Manitoba in 1981, in Saskatchewan in 1982, and in Alberta in 1984.Thirteen species of stored-product insects were found in Manitoba and Saskatchewan and 12 in Alberta, indicating uniform geographical distribution among the number of pest species throughout the prairies. The most common was Tribolium audax Halstead, followed by Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens) and Tenebrio molitor L. Nine fungus-feeding species were found in Manitoba, 12 in Saskatchewan, and 12 in Alberta. The most common fungus feeders were Lathridius minutus (L.), Corticarina cavicollis Mann., Cryptophagus varus W.&C., and Corticaria serrata (Paykull). Five non-stored product species of insects that were scavengers, predators, or were sheltering in the granaries were found in Manitoba, 31 in Saskatchewan, and 10 in Alberta.The distribution of six stored-product species, two fungus-feeding species, and one scavenger did not show a uniform abundance in the three prairie provinces, either in their distribution on farms or in granaries.
A NEW EYELESS, STRIDULATING THERIDION SPIDER FROM CAVES IN THE GALÁPAGOS ISLANDS (ARANEAE, THERIDIIDAE)
Authors: Peck Stewart B. , Shear William A. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractTheridion strepitus sp. nov. is described from lava tube caves from Isla Santa Cruz, Galápagos, Ecuador. It is the only species known in this worldwide genus that is eyeless and it is the only Galápagos species that has stridulatory picks on the male abdomen. The stridulatory apparatus demonstrates that the species is not a descendant from the other Theridion species known in the Galápagos, but is probably a relict of a lineage now extinct there in epigean habitats.
NEW TAXA OF LIMONIIDAE (DIPTERA: NEMATOCERA) FROM CANADIAN AMBER
Authors: Krzeminski Wleslaw , Teskey H.J. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractDescriptions are given of adults of three Limoniidae (Tipuloidea) found preserved in Canadian amber (Upper Cretaceous): Trichoneura (Trichoneura) canadensis sp. nov.; Macalpina incomparabilis gen. nov., sp. nov.; and Limonia albertensis sp. nov.
EVOLUTION OF RELATIVE HUMIDITY AND TEMPERATURE WITHIN A CLOSED CHAMBER USED FOR ENTOMOLOGICAL STUDIES
Authors: Marcandier S. , Khachatourians G.G. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractA simple experimental device has been described for controlling relative humidity (RH) using saturated salt solutions. This device was suitable for studies requiring a 14–82% RH (± 3%) at 27 ± 0.7°C. The RH and temperature set points were not affected by the presence of grasshoppers. Perturbations of 1.5 min due to daily insect provisioning introduced a 9- to 60-min disturbance of the RH and temperature equilibria in the chambers containing NaCl and LiCl, and a 7.5-h disturbance in the MgCl2 chamber.
ANNOTATED LIST OFMACROSIPHONIELLA(HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE) OF AMERICA NORTH OF MEXICO, WITH A KEY AND DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES
Authors: Robinson A.G. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractA key is given for 16 species in the genusMacrosiphoniellaDel Guercio in America north of Mexico, including one new species from Manitoba,Macrosiphoniella paucisetosasp.nov. fromArtemisiaspp. An annotated list is provided which includes tentative identification ofM.oblonga(Mordvilko) intercepted on plants ofChrysanthemumimported into the United States of America from Europe.
FOLIAR APPLICATIONS OF BEAUVERIA BASSIANA (BALSAMO) VUILLEMIN FOR CONTROL OF THE COLORADO POTATO BEETLE, LEPTINOTARSA DECEMLINEATA (SAY) (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE): AN OVERVIEW OF PILOT TEST RESULTS FROM THE NORTHERN UNITED STATES
Authors: Hajek Ann E. , Soper Richard S. , Roberts Donald W. , Anderson Thomas E. , Biever K. Duane , Ferro David N. , LeBrun Roger A. , Storch Richard H. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractAn overview of data from five research groups participating in a 3-year pilot test on the efficacy of foliar applications of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin for control of Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), populations in the northern United States is presented. Four treatments were used at each site: high and low B. bassiana dosages (5 × 1013 colony forming units (CFU) per hectare (ha) and 5 × 1012 CFU/ha), the recommended insecticide for each region, and an untreated check. The primary response variable was potato yield. For analyses considering test sites as replicates, during all 3 years the highest yields were produced in plots treated with insecticides. Within test sites, yields from plots receiving B. bassiana applications were greater than control plot yields in 8 of 24 trials but in only two of these instances, B. bassiana plot yields also did not differ from insecticide plot yields. Evaluating 1983 data from all states together, no differences were found between either high or low B. bassiana treatments and controls. The 1983 study design allowed no plot replication within states. In 1985, an altered plot design providing within-site replication demonstrated increased yield with increased dosage of B. bassiana when initial egg density was used as a covariate.Potato yields greater than control plot yields were noted with a minimum of 5.39 and 6.62 × 1011 CFU/ha B. bassiana. The lowest B. bassiana concentration producing yields not significantly different from insecticide plot yields was 6.62 × 1012 CFU/ha (Rhode Island, 1984). Defoliation ratings did not differ between B. bassiana treatments and controls in 1984 and 1985, although variability was found between yields.