bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Meta-analysis of postoperative mortality after elective repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms detected by screening
Authors: Lindholt J S , Norman P E 
Published: March 2011

Abstract

Background
The aim of this study was to compare the mortality rate within 30 days of elective surgery for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) in men randomized to an invitation for ultrasound screening with that of men in the control group, whose aneurysms were detected incidentally.

Methods
Relevant reports from randomized trials of screening were identified through a systematic search of MEDLINE. Four relevant trials were identified, and supplemented with data from the Viborg Vascular screening trial. Data were updated in two studies. Meta-analysis was undertaken with effects calculated as a fixed odds ratio (OR) with 95 per cent confidence interval. Heterogeneity between the studies was assessed by the χ2 test.

Results
There were 25 deaths (2·9 per cent) following elective surgery in 858 men invited for screening compared with 21 (5·5 per cent) of 383 in the control group (OR 0·49, 0·27 to 0·88). There were 18 deaths (2·4 per cent) following elective surgery for 747 screen-detected AAAs compared with 28 (6·1 per cent) following elective repair of 459 incidentally detected aneurysms (OR 0·37, 0·20 to 0·68).

Conclusion
The offer of screening identifies men whose early survival following elective AAA repair is better than that of men with an AAA detected incidentally.
RP‐HPLC‐DAD for simultaneous estimation of mahanine and mahanimbine in Murraya koenigii
Authors: Pandit Subrata , Kumar Mythies , Ponnusankar S. , Pal B. C. , Mukherjee Pulok K. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractMurraya koenigii leaves (Rutaceae) are widely used as food condiments in various food preparations in India. They possess a wide range of biological activities including antioxidant, antibacterial, anticancer, hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activity. A rapid reverse‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography (RP‐HPLC) method has been developed for quantitative estimation of mahanine and mahanimbine, two major bioactive alkaloids in this plant. The amounts of mahanine and mahanimbine were detected as 9.56 ± 1.04 and 4.32 ± 0.81% w/w in the extract, with the retention times of 6.26 ± 0.66 and 10.40 ± 0.95 minutes. The limits of detection and quantification were estimated to be 29.30 and 81.12 µg/mL and 1.67 and 6.31 µg/mL, respectively. This specific and precise validated method can be useful for the routine analysis and quantitative determination of mahanine and mahanimbine in this therapeutically potent medicinal plant. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Rapid analysis of lignans from leaves of Podophyllum peltatum L. samples using UPLC‐UV‐MS
Authors: Avula Bharathi , Wang Yan‐Hong , Moraes Rita M. , Khan Ikhlas A. 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTA new rapid UPLC‐UV‐MS method has been developed that permits the analysis of four lignans (4′‐O‐demethylpodophyllotoxin, podophyllotoxin, α‐peltatin and β‐peltatin) in P. peltatum L. Podophyllotoxin is a natural lignan that is being used as a precursor for the semi‐synthetic anti‐cancer drugs etoposide, teniposide and etopophos. The chromatographic separation was achieved using a reversed‐phase C18 column with a mobile phase of water and acetonitrile, both containing 0.05% formic acid. Analyses of P. peltatum leaves collected from different colonies within a single site indicated a significant variation in 4′‐O‐demethylpodophyllotoxin, α‐peltatin, podophyllotoxin and β‐peltatin content. Within 3.0 min four main lignans could be separated with detection limits of 0.1, 0.3, 0.3 and 0.2 μg/mL, respectively. 4′‐O‐demethylpodophyllotoxin and α‐peltatin appeared most prominently among the lignans obtained. The podophyllotoxin content was found in the range of 0.004–0.77% from 16 samples collected from 6 colonies within the same site. The content of podophyllotoxin is directly proportional to the content of 4′‐O‐demethylpodophyllotoxin and inversely proportional to α‐peltatin and β‐peltatin content. LC‐mass spectrometry coupled with electrospray ionization (ESI) interface method is described for the identification of four lignans in various populations of plant samples. By applying principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis, Podophyllum samples collected from various colonies within a location were distinguished. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Personal Learning Environment Box (PLEBOX): A new approach to E‐learning platforms
Authors: Simões Tiago M. C. , Rodrigues Joel J. P. C. , de la Torre Isabel 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThis article presents a new E‐learning platform called Personal Learning Environment Box (PLEBOX). The system is built on Microsoft SharePoint and SharePoint Learning Kit (SLK) and enables the creation of modular and expansible software, presenting a simplified interaction with the user. PLEBOX has been used by 210 users (10 teachers and 200 engineering students) of the University of Beira Interior, Portugal and the University of Valladolid, Spain. The PLEBOX platform has innovative features compared to existing platforms, such as creating a customizable work environment, the ability to add applications, a framework for developing modules, and a new form to exposure learning contents, which can be used in engineering applications and education. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 21:E100–E109, 2013
Intergenerational practice in the community: A focused ethnographic evaluation
Authors: Alcock Charlotte L. , Camic Paul M. , Barker Chris , Haridi Catherine , Raven Rosie 
Published: March 2011

AbstractAn intergenerational community intervention based on contact theory and using ‘photovoice’ methods was designed to change negative age‐group stereotypes and promote sense of community. A focused ethnographic approach was adopted. Participants were 18 young people and 13 older adults. Data from focus groups, carried out with each generation separately, and observational field notes were analysed using thematic analysis; credibility checks were carried out by auditing and respondent validation. Before the intergenerational intervention, both generations presented age‐group stereotypes and both experienced only a weak sense of community. After the intervention, both generations felt that intergenerational contact had reduced age‐group stereotypes and enhanced recognition of intergenerational similarity; many also articulated a positive sense of community. The intervention has promise for helping young people and older adults to feel more socially included. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In Situ Microscopy for Online Monitoring of Enzyme Supports and Two‐Phase Systems
Authors: Prediger Andreas , Bluma Arne , Höpfner Tim , Lindner Patrick , Beutel Sascha , Müller Jakob J. , Hilterhaus Lutz , Liese Andreas , Scheper Thomas 
Published: March 2011

AbstractDie In‐situ‐Mikroskopie (ISM) ist eine optische Analysemethode, um nicht‐invasiv Bildinformationen direkt aus laufenden Prozessen zu gewinnen. Im Folgenden wird gezeigt wie dieses Analyseverfahren verwendet werden kann, um die mechanische Stabilität von Enzymimmobilisaten zu charakterisieren. Des Weiteren wird vorgestellt wie die ISM zur Analyse von Zweiphasensystemen genutzt werden kann.
A thermodynamic rationalisation for the oxidising behaviour of concentrated H2SO4
Authors: Kish J. R. , Ives M. B. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractAn attempt is made to extend the principle of equilibrium electrochemical potential–pH diagrams for sulfur compounds in dilute aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) to more concentrated aqueous solutions up to 100 wt.%. Published Hammett acidity data is used to account for the medium effect (undissociated H2SO4) on the proton activity. The calculated electrochemical potential‐Hammett acidity diagrams predict a thermodynamic stability domain for all three of the reduction products experimentally observed during cathodic electrolysis, which included sulfur dioxide (SO2), sulfur (S), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S). The implications of the relative stability domains on corrosion control measures are discussed.
Solar Photocatalytic Decolorization and Detoxification of Industrial Batik Dye Wastewater Using P(3HB)‐TiO2 Nanocomposite Films
Authors: Sridewi Nanthini , Tan Liu‐Tzea , Sudesh Kumar 
Published: March 2011

AbstractSolar photocatalytic decolorization and detoxification of batik dye wastewater using titanium dioxide (TiO2) immobilized on poly‐3‐hydroxybutyrate (P(3HB)) film was studied. The effects of initial dye concentration, catalyst concentration, P(3HB) film thickness, and fabrication methods of the nanocomposite films were evaluated against methylene blue, a standard organic dye. It was observed that 0.4 g of P(3HB)‐40 wt% TiO2 removed 96% of the color under solar irradiation. P(3HB) and TiO2, mixed concurrently in chloroform followed by stirring for 24 h showed a more even distribution of the photocatalyst on the polymer surface and yielded almost 100% color removal. The photocatalytic films were able to completely decolorize real industrial batik dye wastewater in 3 h and induced a chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction of 80%. Reusability of the 0.4 g P(3HB)‐40 wt% TiO2 film in decolorizing the batik dye wastewater was also possible as it gave a high consistent value of decolorization percentage (>80%) even after the sixth repeated usage. Recovery step of the photocatalysts was also not required in this simple treatment system. The decolorized batik dye wastewater had less/no toxic effects on mosquito larvae, Aedes aegypti, and microalgae, Scenedesmus quadricauda indicating simultaneous detoxification process along with the decolorization process.
Triplication of the Photocurrent in Dye Solar Cells by Increasing the Elongation of the π‐conjugation in Zn‐Porphyrin Sensitizers
Authors: Barea Eva M. , Caballero Rubén , López‐Arroyo Leticia , Guerrero Antonio , de la Cruz Pilar , Langa Fernando , Bisquert Juan 
Published: March 2011

AbstractPorphyrins are promising sensitizers for dye solar cells (DSCs) but narrow absorption bands at 400–450 and 500–650 nm limit their light‐harvesting properties. Increasing elongation of the π‐conjugation and loss of symmetry causes broadening and a red‐shift of the absorption bands, which considerably improves the performance of the DSC. Herein we use an oligothienylenevinylene to bridge a Zn‐porphyrin system and the anchoring group of the sensitizer. We separately study the performance of the two basic units: oligothienylenevinylene and Zn‐porphyrin. The combined system provides a three‐fold enhancement of the photocurrent with respect to parent dyes. This is caused by an additional strong absorption in the region 400–650 nm that leads to flat IPCE of 60 %. Theoretical calculations support that the addition of the oligothienylenevinylene unit as a linking bridge creates a charge transfer band that transforms a Zn‐porphyrin dye into a push–pull type system with highly efficient charge injection properties.
Bernauer′s Bands
Authors: Shtukenberg Alexander , Gunn Erica , Gazzano Massimo , Freudenthal John , Camp Eric , Sours Ryan , Rosseeva Elena , Kahr Bart 
Published: March 2011

AbstractFerdinand Bernauer proposed in his monograph, “Gedrillte” Kristalle(1929), that a great number of simple, crystalline substances grow from solution or from the melt as polycrystalline spherulites with helically twisting radii that give rise to distinct bull′s‐eye patterns of concentric optical bands between crossed polarizers. The idea that many common molecular crystals can be induced to grow as mesoscale helices is a remarkable proposition poorly grounded in theories of polycrystalline pattern formation. Recent reinvestigation of one of the systems Bernauer described revealed that rhythmic precipitation in the absence of helical twisting accounted for modulated optical properties [Gunn, E. et al.J. Am. Chem. Soc.2006,128, 14 234–14 235]. Herein, the Bernauer hypothesis is re‐examined in detail for three substances described in “Gedrillte” Kristalle, potassium dichromate, hippuric acid, and tetraphenyl lead, using contemporary methods of analysis not available to Bernauer, including micro‐focus X‐ray diffraction, electron microscopy, and Mueller matrix imaging polarimetry. Potassium dichromate is shown to fall in the class of rhythmic precipitates of undistorted crystallites, while hippuric acid spherulites are well described as helical fibrils. Tetraphenyl lead spherulites grow by twistingandrhythmic precipitation. The behavior of tetraphenyl lead is likely typical of many substances in “Gedrillte” Kristalle. Rhythmic precipitation and helical twisting often coexist, complicating optical analyses and presenting Bernauer with difficulties in the characterization and classification of the objects of his interest.
Unravelling Complex Spectra of a Simple Molecule: REMPI Study of the 420 nm Band System of KRb
Authors: Lee Yonghoon , Yoon Youngjee , Kim Jin‐Tae , Lee Sungyul , Kim Bongsoo 
Published: March 2011

AbstractComplex spectra of the KRb 420 nm system are analyzed by mass‐resolved resonance enhanced two‐photon ionization in a cold molecular beam. Vibronic structures of three singlet–singlet (4 1Π, 7 1Σ+, and 5 1Π←X 1Σ+) transitions were identified for the first time. By comparing with highly accurate ab initio calculations, we assigned the singlet excited electronic states, and determined their electronic term values and vibrational constants. Weak singlet–triplet transitions were observed and identified as the 5 3Π (0+)←X 1Σ+ transitions by the homogeneous perturbation selection rule.
NMR J‐Coupling Constants in Cisplatin Derivatives Studied by Molecular Dynamics and Relativistic DFT
Authors: Sutter Kiplangat , Truflandier Lionel A. , Autschbach Jochen 
Published: March 2011

AbstractSolvent effects on J(195Pt15N) one‐bond nuclear spin–spin coupling constants (JPtN) of cisplatin [cis‐diamminedichloroplatinum(II)] and three cisplatin derivatives are investigated using a combination of density functional theory (DFT) based ab initio molecular dynamics (aiMD) and all‐electron relativistic DFT NMR calculations employing the two‐component relativistic zeroth‐order regular approximation (ZORA). Good agreement with experiment is obtained when explicit solvent molecules are considered and when the computations are performed with a hybrid functional. Spin–orbit coupling causes only small effects on JPtN. Key factors contributing to the magnitude of coupling constants are elucidated, with the most significant being the presence of solvent as well as the quality of the density functional and basis set combination. The solvent effects are of the same magnitude as JPtN calculated for gas‐phase geometries. However, the trends of JPtN among the complexes are already present in the gas phase. Results obtained with a continuum solvent model agree quite well with the aiMD results, provided that the Pt solvent‐accessible radius is carefully chosen. The aiMD results support the existence of a partial hydrogen‐bond‐like inverse‐hydration‐type interaction affording a weak 1J(Pt⋅⋅⋅Hw) coupling between the complexes and the coordinating water molecule.
Additive induced morphology changes of nano‐crystalline SrWO4
Authors: Tian Guangru , Sun Sixiu 
Published: March 2011

AbstractLarge‐scale high‐quality SrWO4 nanocrystals have been synthesized in aqueous solutions under mild hydrothermal conditions with citrate as a simple additive. The crystals undergo an interesting 0‐D to 1‐D and to 0‐D morphology changes and have been characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. The results showed that the experimental parameters had great influences on the shape evolution of products. The adjustment of these parameters such as the addition of the citrate and hydrothermal reaction conditions, can lead to obvious morphology changes of products, and the growth mechanism has been proposed. Room‐temperature photoluminescence indicated that the as‐prepared SrWO4 nanocrystals had strong emission peaks at about 434 and 506 nm, respectively. This facile route could be employed to synthesize more promising nanomaterials with interesting self‐assembly structures. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Metastable zone width for secondary nucleation and secondary nucleation inside the metastable zone
Authors: Khaddour I. , Rocha F. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThis study presents an evaluation of a new method, called zero growth activation free energy, used to determine the metastable zone width for the secondary nucleation case. It predicts the metastable zone width with a maximum error of 5‐10%. Estimation of the metastable zone width for different isothermal crystallization conditions can be modeled according to a chosen reference set of growth experiments carried out in the volume diffusion regime at different initial supersaturations, using seed crystals of a certain characteristic size. Moreover, the activation free energy of the secondary nucleation was estimated. The role of the enthalpy of immersion in the formation of secondary nucleation events inside the metastable zone was pointed out, as well as its effect in causing extra‐fast growth rate. Furthermore, sucrose crystal surface free energy was estimated. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Local nanotailoring of polymeric photophysics by Au nanoparticles implantation
Authors: Suárez López I. , Rajendran S. K. , Corbelli G. , Ghisleri C. , Milani P. , Ravagnan L. , Pasini M. , Stagira S. , Virgili T. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractWe studied the excitation dynamics and the photoluminescence spectra in polymeric matrix implanted with metallic nanoparticles. A supersonic beam of gold nanoparticles (sizes 2‐7 nm) was generated by using a Pulsed Microplasma Cluster Source (PMCS). The nanoparticles were implanted in a thin polyfluorene film (thickness around 100 nm) spin coated on a PMMA (poly methyl methacrilate) substrate. We performed photoluminescence and pump‐probe measurements using a Ti:Sapphire amplified laser system, the excitation pump pulse was centered at 400 nm with a 150 fs time duration. The experimental results show a suppression of the amplified spontaneous emission from the polyfluorene (PFO) film due to the presence of the implanted nanoparticles. The transient transmission spectra revealed the presence of a photoinduced absorption band due to the nanoparticles which overlaps with the stimulated emission band from the PFO, hindering the possibility of having amplified spontaneous emission. These results demonstrate the possibility of a local nanotailoring of the polymeric photophysics. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Stacking faults in semi‐polar 6H‐SiC single crystals
Authors: Gao Y. Q. , Hu X. B. , Xu X. G. , Chen X. F. , Peng Y. , Song S. , Jiang M. H. , Huang W. X. 
Published: March 2011

Abstract6H‐SiC single crystals have been successfully grown on (1015) plane seed by sublimation method. High density stacking faults (SFs) were observed by transmission synchrotron radiation X‐ray topography. Based on the invisibility criteria of stacking faults, the displacement vectors of most SFs were determined to be the type of 1/6[1120]. Laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) was used to observe the etching morphology of (0115) wafer. The etching steps of SFs were found and their density decreased from 3.6×103 cm‐1 to 2.0×102 cm‐1 along the <0001> projection direction. The inclination angles of the SFs etching step plane to (10‐15) plane were measured by line scanning of LSCM. It was found that the inclination angles decreased from 20° to 10° along the <0001> projection direction. Different etching characteristics of SFs along radial direction of 6H‐SiC (1015) wafer should be attributed to different displacement vectors and different stacking fault energies for these stacking faults. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Diagnostic pitfalls in cytological diagnosis of subcutaneous fungal infection in renal transplant recipients
Authors: Jaiswal Sushila , Vij Mukul , Prasad Narayan , Kaul Anupama , Marak Rungmei S. K. , Pandey Rakesh 
Published: March 2011

AbstractRenal transplant recipients (RTRs) are at increased risk of the development of a variety of skin infections that can result from graft‐preserving immuno‐suppressive therapy. In this study, we aimed to determine cytomorphological findings of fungal subcutaneous swelling in seven RTRs and to analyze diagnostic pitfalls in fungal cytology. A retrospective review of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) smears of subcutaneous swelling with positive fungal elements in RTRs from 2008 to 2010 was performed. We had seven cases (all males; age range, 34–58 years, mean, 46.3 years). The time interval between the renal transplantation and appearance of swelling ranged from 8 to 19 months (mean, 13.4 months). The swelling was located on lower limb (six cases) and arm (one case). The lesion was solitary (six cases) and multiple (one case). The cytology of aspirated material showed branched septate fungal hyphae in six cases. These were well delineated on Periodic acid schiffs (PAS) and chromic silver methenamine (CSM) stains. One case showed presence of faint, thin walled, broad ribbon like hyphae. Culture of aspirated material was performed in four cases which grew phaeohyphomycosis in all. Histology of excised tissue showed numerous septate, branched, pigmented fungal elements suggestive of pheohyphomycosis in four cases and broad ribbon hyphae suggestive of zygomycosis in one case. All of our cases responded well with anti‐fungal treatment. Fungal infection can manifest as subcutaneous swelling in RTRs. It is often severe, rapidly progressive and difficult to diagnose. FNAC is an important diagnostic tool which is simple, cost effective and rapid method. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Primary effusion lymphoma involving the cerebrospinal fluid
Authors: Moatamed Neda A. , Song Sophie X. , Apple Sophia K. , Said Jonathan W. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractPrimary effusion lymphoma or body cavity based lymphoma is a form of large B‐cell lymphoma which usually presents as serous effusions without detectable tumor masses. It is universally associated with human herpesvirus‐8 also known as Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus. This condition, so far, has been reported in the body cavity effusions that include pleura, peritoneum, and pericardium. We report a case of primary effusion lymphoma which has involved the cerebrospinal fluid. To our knowledge, this is the first case of PEL reported in the cerebrospinal fluid. Diagn.Cytopathol. 2012. © 2011 Wiley‐ Liss, Inc.