bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular Characterization of 12 Mango Germplasm Using RAPD markers
Authors: Jena R. C. , Samal K. C. , Chand P. K. , Das B. K. 
Published: August 2010

Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used for the genetic variation and relationship analysis among 12 Mango (Mangifera indica L.) germplasm. Five oligonucleotide primers were employed to amplify DNA from 12 cultivars. PCR amplification with five primers generated 45 reproducible, clear and distinct bands, out of which 41 bands are considered polymorphic and the remaining four fragments (8.88%) monomorphic. The size of amplified product ranged from 200 (RPI-5) to 3000 base pairs (RPI-1) with an average of nine bands per primer. The average polymorphism in all the 12 cultivars using the five primers was found to be 91.91%. Among all the primers RPI-2 and RPI-4 have shown 100% polymorphism while RPI-5 was found to be least polymorphism (81.81%). One specific band, namely was found with RPI-5, in a particular variety, Chiratpuri. The UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Method of Arithmetic Mean) dendrogram based on Jaccard’s similarity coefficient segregated the 12 mango germplasm into two clusters. Langra, Chiratpuri, Pravasankar, Alphanso, Sindhu and Kesar formed one cluster and rest six mango germplasm grouped together into another cluster. Sindhu and Alphanso cultivar pair was very close to each other with highest similarity coefficient (0.78), which was comparatively higher than all other cultivar pairs. On the other hand, Pravasankar and Neelam cultivar pair was more distinct to each other with the lowest intervarietal similarity coefficient 0.38. This study showed clearly that cultivars from Orissa unveiled maximum diversity and indicated the potential of RAPD markers for the identification of management of mango germplasm for breeding purposes. Key words: Molecular characterization, Mango germplasm, Dversity D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v20i1.5972 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 20(1): 91-99, 2010 (June)
Liver Fibrosis Changes in HIV–HBV-Coinfected Patients: Clinical, Biochemical and Histological Effect of Long-Term Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Use
Authors: Boyd Anders , Lasnier Elisabeth , Molina Jean Michel , Lascoux-Combe Caroline , Bonnard Philippe , Miailhes Patrick , Wendum Dominique , Meynard Jean-Luc , Girard Pierre-Marie , Lacombe Karine 
Published: August 2010

Background Data on liver fibrosis evolution in HIV–HBV-coinfected patients treated with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) are scarce. The effect of TDF on liver fibrosis in 148 HIV–HBV-coinfected patients was prospectively evaluated using Fibrometer® scores and liver biopsies in a subset of patients. Methods The mean change from baseline (Δ) in Fibrometer score was modelled using a generalized estimating equation. Homogeneous continuous-time Markov models were used to study risk factors for regression or progression of liver fibrosis. Results Median follow-up of patients treated with TDF was 29.5 months (25th–75th percentile 20.9–38.1). The distribution of scored fibrosis at TDF initiation was F0–F1 n=65, F2 n=37 and F3–F4 n=46. In patients with a baseline fibrosis score of F3–F4, Fibrometer score decreased with a triphasic shape (Fibrometer Δ at 12, 24 and 36 months after TDF initiation was -0.079, -0.069 and -0.102, respectively). Despite duration on TDF, higher fibrosis scores were noted in F3–F4 patients with high HBV viral load and HDV coinfection, and in F0–F2 patients who had high HBV viral load and low CD4+ T-cell count. Progression in fibrosis score over time was influenced by age, alcohol consumption, low CD4+ T-cell count and HCV coinfection, whereas HDV coinfection and longer duration of HBV infection prevented fibrosis regression. No influence of antiretrovirals other than TDF was found. Conclusions The use of TDF in HIV–HBV-coinfected patients led to a decrease in liver fibrosis score in patients with advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis. Sustainability of its direct antiviral and indirect antifibrotic effects on the liver need to be studied further.
Dynamic Compression Plate and Cancellous Bone Graft for Aseptic Nonunion After Intramedullary Nailing of Femoral Fracture
Authors: Chen Chuan-Mu , Su Yu-Pin , Hung Shih-Hsin , Lin Che-Li , Chiu Fang-Yao 
Published: August 2010

We evaluated the effect of revision with dynamic compression plate and cancellous bone graft for aseptic nonunion after intramedullary nailing of femoral shaft fracture.
Fifty patients with aseptic nonunion of femoral shaft fracture after intramedullary nailing were reviewed and analyzed retrospectively between 1996 and 2007. There were 40 men and 10 women with an average age of 44 years (range, 19–76 years). Thirty-five were diaphyseal fractures, 8 were distal fractures, and 7 were proximal fractures. Twenty-eight fractures were defined as atrophic nonunion, 13 fractures were hypertrophic nonunion, and 9 fractures could not be defined clearly. All fractures were managed by retaining previous implants, open reduction and internal fixation with dynamic compression plate, and supplementation by cancellous bone graft. The average follow-up period was 76 months (range, 24–128 months). Functional evaluations were done by Harris Hip score and Hospital for Special Surgery knee score.
All nonunions united on average at 24 weeks (range, 18–32 weeks). One superficial wound infection occurred. At follow-up, each patient was evaluated to have satisfactory function results, with near normal hip/knee functions without noticeable pain, and full return to preinjury activities/work without pain.
Augmentative dynamic compression plate with cancellous bone graft is a reliable and effective treatment for revision of aseptic nonunion of femoral shaft fracture after intramedullary nailing.
TCR Repertoire, Clonal Dominance, and Pulmonary Trafficking of Mycobacterium-Specific CD4+ and CD8+ T Effector Cells in Immunity Against Tuberculosis
Authors: Du George , Chen Crystal Y. , Shen Yun , Qiu Liyou , Huang Dan , Wang Richard , Chen Zheng W. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
Clonal responses of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific CD4+ or CD8+ T effector cells producing antituberculosis cytokine IFN-γ in the context of immune protection against tuberculosis remain poorly characterized in humans. Utilizing decade-long TCR expertise, we previously developed a useful method to isolate clonotypic TCR sequences from Ag-specific IFN-γ–producing T cells and to specifically measure clonotypic TCR frequencies in the T cell pool. In this study, we investigated TCR Vβ repertoires/CDR3 usage, clonal expansion or dominance, and pulmonary trafficking or accumulation for purified protein deritative (PPD)-specific T effector cells producing IFN-γ during bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination and subsequent M. tuberculosis challenge of macaques. We found that while PPD-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T effector clones employed diverse TCR Vβ repertoires, 30–33% of IFN-γ+CD4+ T cell clones from three M. tuberculosis-infected macaques expressed TCR bearing a conserved residue leucine in CDR3. Many Ag-specific IFN-γ+ CD4+ and few CD8+ T effector cells emerged as dominant clones during mycobacterial infections and underwent major recall expansion after pulmonary M. tuberculosis infection of BCG-vaccinated macaques. PPD-specific T cell clones readily trafficked to the airway or lung after BCG vaccination or M. tuberculosis infection, and some of them continuously accumulated in lungs during M. tuberculosis infection even after they became undetectable in the circulation. Importantly, remarkable recall expansion and pulmonary accumulation of T effector cells coincided with BCG-induced protection against tuberculosis. Thus, rapid clonal expansion and pulmonary accumulation of Ag-specific T effector cells appear to be one of the immune mechanisms underlying immunity against tuberculosis.
Une minoration du minimum essentiel sur les variétés abéliennes
Authors: Galateau Aurélien 
Published: August 2010

On étend à la codimension générale la minoration du minimum essentiel sur les variétés abéliennes obtenue dans [Gal08], sous une conjecture concernant leurs idéaux premiers ordinaires. Cette minoration est optimale “à ε près” en le degré de la sous-variété et rend inconditionnelle la démonstration, par Viada, de la conjecture de Zilber–Pink pour une courbe plongée dans une puissance de courbe elliptique.
We extend to the general codimension the lower bound for the essential minimum on abelian varieties found in [Gal08], under a conjecture about ordinary primes in abelian varieties. This lower bound is the best expected, “up to an ε”, in the degree of the subvariety and completes Viada’s proof of the Zilber–Pink conjecture for a curve embedded in a power of an elliptic curve.
Detonation Nanodiamond and Onion‐Like‐Carbon‐Embedded Polyaniline for Supercapacitors
Authors: Kovalenko Igor , Bucknall David G. , Yushin Gleb 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe detonation nanodiamond is a versatile low‐cost nanomaterial with tunable properties and surface chemistry. In this work, it is shown how the application of nanodiamond (ND) can greatly increase the performance of electrochemically active polymers, such as polyaniline (PANI). Symmetric supercapacitors containing PANI‐ND nanocomposite electrodes with 3–28 wt% ND show dramatically improved cycle stability and higher capacitance retention at fast sweep rate than pure PANI electrodes. Contrary to other PANI‐carbon nanocomposites, specific capacitance of the selected PANI electrodes with embedded ND increases after 10 000 galvanostatic cycles and reaches 640 F g−1, when measured in a symmetric two‐electrode configuration with 1 M H2SO4 electrolyte. The demonstrated specific capacitance is 3–4 times higher than that of the activated carbons and more than 15 times higher than that of ND and onion‐like carbon (OLC).
Single‐Crystalline Dodecahedral and Octodecahedralα‐Fe2O3 Particles Synthesized by a Fluoride Anion–Assisted Hydrothermal Method
Authors: Lv Baoliang , Liu Zhenyu , Tian Hong , Xu Yao , Wu Dong , Sun Yuhan 
Published: August 2010

AbstractDespite significant advances in iron oxide nanoparticles, it is still a challenge to synthesize regular polyhedral single‐crystalline α‐Fe2O3 particles because the surface energies of several low‐index planes are fairly similar. In the work presented here, well‐dispersed and single‐crystalline dodecahedral and octodecahedral α‐Fe2O3 particles are synthesized by a facile hydrothermal method with the aid of F− anions. The crystalline structure of the polyhedral particles is disclosed by various characterization techniques. The dodecahedral particles are of hexagonal bipyramidal shape and enclosed by twelve equivalent (101) planes. The octodecahedral particles are formed by adding six equivalent (111) planes on the two tips of a dodecahedral particle, that is, they are enclosed by twelve (101) planes and six (111) planes. The existence of F− anions plays a crucial role in the control of polyhedral particle shape. The function of F− anions in the shape formation of the polyhedral particles is proposed as follows: 1) A high concentration of exposed Fe3+ cations induces preferential adsorption of F− anions on the (100) plane and leads to the slowest growth along the [100] direction. When the concentration of F− anions is higher than 24 mM, a stable speed ratio of growth along the [001] and [100] directions results in the exposure of (101) planes. 2) With a lower concentration of F− anions, six symmetrical (111) planes with low concentration of exposed Fe3+ cations are present at the tops of a dodecahedral particle to form an octodecahedron. Furthermore, the dodecahedral and octodecahedral α‐Fe2O3 particles show much stronger magnetism than the previously reported α‐Fe2O3 nanostructures, having coercivities of 4986 Oe and 6512 Oe, respectively. Such high coercivities are attributed to a large local magnetic anisotropy, which might be induced by the polyhedron with equivalent crystallographic planes and/or the presence of F− anions.
A General and Efficient Route to Fabricate Carbon Nanotube‐Metal Nanoparticles and Carbon Nanotube‐Inorganic Oxides Hybrids
Authors: Li Haiqing , Jo Jung Kyu , Zhang Lidong , Ha Chang‐Sik , Suh Hongsuk , Kim Il 
Published: August 2010

AbstractNovel pyrenyl‐moieties‐decorated hyperbranched polyglycidol (pHBP) is synthesized and utilized for the functionalization of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) via a non‐covalent (non‐destructive) process. Mediated by a pHBP layer on the CNT sidewall, Au, Ag and Pt nanoparticles and uniform SiO2, GeO2 and TiO2 coatings are generated in situ and deposited onto the as‐prepared CNT/pHBP hybrids, forming versatile homogeneous CNT‐based nanohybrid sols. The coverage of metal nanoparticles and oxide coatings is controllable simply by changing the employed amount of precursors. This easy synthetic strategy provides a general and convenient route to efficiently assemble a wide range of metal nanoparticles and inorganic oxide components on the sidewalls of CNTs, and enables the construction of heterogeneous nanostructures with novel functionalities. As a means of demonstrating the versatility of the fabricated hybrid materials, the catalytic function of CNT/pHBP/Pt hybrids towards the reduction of 4‐nitrophenol and the incorporation of dye molecules into the CNT/pHBP/SiO2 matrix resulting in fluorescent nanofibers are investigated.
Layered LaSrGa3O7‐Based Oxide‐Ion Conductors: Cooperative Transport Mechanisms and Flexible Structures
Authors: Tealdi Cristina , Mustarelli Piercarlo , Islam M. Saiful 
Published: August 2010

AbstractNovel melilite‐type gallium‐oxides are attracting attention as promising new oxide‐ion conductors with potential use in clean energy devices such as solid oxide fuel cells. Here, an atomic‐scale investigation of the LaSrGa3O7‐based system using advanced simulation techniques provides valuable insights into the defect chemistry and oxide ion conduction mechanisms, and includes comparison with the available experimental data. The simulation model reproduces the observed complex structure composed of layers of corner‐sharing GaO4 tetrahedra. A major finding is the first indication that oxide‐ion conduction in La1.54Sr0.46Ga3O7.27 occurs through an interstitialcy or cooperative‐type mechanism involving the concerted knock‐on motion of interstitial and lattice oxide ions. A key feature for the transport mechanism and high ionic conductivity is the intrinsic flexibility of the structure, which allows considerable local relaxation and changes in Ga coordination.
Poly[oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate‐co‐glycidyl methacrylate] Brush Substrate for Sensitive Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging Protein Arrays
Authors: Hu Weihua , Liu Yingshuai , Lu Zhisong , Li Chang Ming 
Published: August 2010

AbstractSurface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRi) is a unique microarray method for label‐free and multiplexed bio‐assays. However, it currently cannot be used to detect human serum samples due to its low sensitivity and poor specificity. A poly[oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate‐co‐glycidyl methacrylate] (POEGMA‐co‐GMA) brush was synthesized by surface‐initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI‐ATRP) and used as a unique supporting matrix for SPRi arrays to efficiently load probe proteins for high sensitivity while reducing nonspecific adsorptions for good selectivity. Results indicate that the polymer brush has a high protein loading capacity (1.8 protein monolayers), low non‐specific protein adsorption (below the SPR detection limit), and high immobilization stability. Three model biomarkers, α‐fetoprotein, carcinoembryonic antigen, and hepatitis B surface antigen were simultaneously detected in human serum samples by a SPRi chip for the first time, showing detection limits of 50, 20, and 100 ng mL−1, respectively. This work demonstrates great potential for a SPRi biochip as a powerful label‐free and high‐throughput detection tool in clinical diagnosis and biological research. Since the SPR detection is limited by the sensing film thickness, this approach particularly offers a unique way to significantly improve the sensitivity in the SPR detecting thickness range.
Biomimetic Nanopatterns as Enabling Tools for Analysis and Control of Live Cells
Authors: Kim Deok‐Ho , Lee Hyojin , Lee Young Kwang , Nam Jwa‐Min , Levchenko Andre 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIt is becoming increasingly evident that cell biology research can be considerably advanced through the use of bioengineered tools enabled by nanoscale technologies. Recent advances in nanopatterning techniques pave the way for engineering biomaterial surfaces that control cellular interactions from the nano‐ to the microscale, allowing more precise quantitative experimentation capturing multi‐scale aspects of complex tissue physiology in vitro. The spatially and temporally controlled display of extracellular signaling cues on nanopatterned surfaces (e. g., cues in the form of chemical ligands, controlled stiffness, texture, etc.) that can now be achieved on biologically relevant length scales is particularly attractive enabling experimental platform for investigating fundamental mechanisms of adhesion‐mediated cell signaling. Here, we present an overview of bio‐nanopatterning methods, with the particular focus on the recent advances on the use of nanofabrication techniques as enabling tools for studying the effects of cell adhesion and signaling on cell function. We also highlight the impact of nanoscale engineering in controlling cell‐material interfaces, which can have profound implications for future development of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
Effect of the hard‐segment structure on the dielectric relaxation of crosslinked polyurethanes
Authors: Oprea Stefan 
Published: August 2010

AbstractTwo series of crosslinked polyurethanes based on poly(tetramethylene ether) glycol soft segments and hexamethylene diisocyanate/1,4‐butane diol and glycerin or castor oil as a hard segments were synthesized, and their dielectric properties were examined. We examined the influence of the structural heterogeneity of the copolymers (as a function of the quantity and structure of the hard segments and crosslinking density, as measured by comonomer composition), frequency, and temperature as experimental variables by observing changes in the dielectric behavior. Two relaxation peaks were observed in the temperature range of −30 to 40°C for polyurethanes with various hard‐segment contents. The dangling chains of the castor oil presented a plasticizing effect that was exerted during the relaxation processes, an effect that was studied. It was found that both the amount and the structure of the hard segment strongly affected the dielectric behavior. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Effect of fluvastatin, lovastatin, nifedipine and verapamil on the systemic exposure of nateglinide in rabbits
Authors: Kim Youngmin , Park Kyemyung , Kang Wonku 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA diabetic patient may suffer simultaneously from cardiovascular disease; thus, lipid‐lowering or anti‐hypertensive agents could be given together with nateglinide. The pharmacokinetics of nateglinide were investigated in the presence and absence of HMG‐CoA reductase inhibitors (fluvastatin, lovastatin) and calcium channel blockers (verapamil, nifedipine) in rabbits. A pharmacokinetic modeling approach was used to quantify the effects of the drugs that significantly influenced the pharmacokinetics of nateglinide. Fluvastatin and nifedipine shifted the time course of serum nateglinide concentrations upwards; there was no significant change with verapamil or lovastatin. TheCmaxandAUCinfincreased 1.5‐ (p<0.05) and 1.3‐fold in the presence of fluvastatin and 1.8‐ (p<0.01) and 2.4‐fold (p<0.01) in the presence of nifedipine, respectively. In a simultaneous nonlinear regression, fluvastatin and nifedipine decreased the elimination rate constant, by 76% and 32%, respectively. Fluvastatin and nifedipine increased the systemic exposure of nateglinide in rabbits, probably due to their inhibitory action on the metabolism of nateglinide by CYP2C5 (human CYP2C9). The concomitant use of fluvastatin and/or nifedipine with nateglinide is quite likely; therefore, the clinical consequences of long‐term treatments must be considered. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Extremely low‐frequency electromagnetic fields affect the immune response of monocyte‐derived macrophages to pathogens
Authors: Akan Zafer , Aksu Burak , Tulunay Aysin , Bilsel Serpil , Inhan‐Garip Ayse 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThis study aimed to determine the effect of extremely low‐frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF‐EMF) on the physiological response of phagocytes to an infectious agent. THP‐1 cells (human monocytic leukemia cell line) were cultured and 50 Hz, 1 mT EMF was applied for 4–6 h to cells induced withStaphylococcus aureusor interferon gamma/lipopolysaccharide (IFγ/LPS). Alterations in nitric oxide (NO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) levels, heat shock protein 70 levels (hsp70), cGMP levels, caspase‐9 activation, and the growth rate ofS. aureuswere determined. The growth curve of exposed bacteria was lower than the control. Field application increased NO levels. The increase was more prominent forS. aureus‐induced cells and appeared earlier than the increase in cells without field application. However, a slight decrease was observed in iNOS levels. Increased cGMP levels in response to field application were closely correlated with increased NO levels. ELF‐EMF alone caused increased hsp70 levels in a time‐dependent manner. When cells were induced withS. aureusor IFγ/LPS, field application produced higher levels of hsp70. ELF‐EMF suppressed caspase‐9 activation by a small extent. These data confirm that ELF‐EMF affects bacterial growth and the response of the immune system to bacterial challenges, suggesting that ELF‐EMF could be exploited for beneficial uses. Bioelectromagnetics 31:603–612, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Iron chelation by cranberry juice and its impact on Escherichia coli growth
Authors: Lin Baochuan , Johnson Brandy J. , Rubin Robert A. , Malanoski Anthony P. , Ligler Frances S. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe various health benefits of Vaccinium macrocarpon (cranberry) are well documented and have been attributed mainly to its antioxidant capacity and anti‐adhesive activity. Several different mechanisms have been proposed to explain the possible role of cranberries, cranberry juice, and cranberry extracts in inhibiting bacterial growth. These mechanisms of action (i.e., inhibition of the microbial growth) have not been thoroughly studied. Here, we took advantage of current advances in microarray technology and used GeneChip® Escherichia coli genome 2.0 arrays to gain insight into the molecular mechanisms involved in the impact of cranberry juice on the properties of E. coli growth. The inclusion of cranberry juice in bacterial growth media was found to significantly impact the doubling time of E. coli. The gene expression results revealed altered expression of genes associated with iron transport and essential metabolic enzymes as well as with adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis and fumarate hydratase in these cultures. The altered expression of genes associated with iron transport was consistent with the strong iron chelating capability of proanthocyanidins, a major constituent of cranberry juice. The iron depletion effect was confirmed by adding exogenous iron to the growth media. This addition partially reversed the inhibitory effect on bacterial growth observed in the presence of cranberry juice/extracts.