bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
α‐Methylacyl‐CoA racemase (AMACR) in fine‐needle aspiration specimens of prostate lesions
Authors: Kaić Gordana , Tomasović‐Lončarić Čedna 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe elevated expression of P504S gene and its product α‐methylacyl‐CoA racemase (AMACR) can serve as a molecular marker for prostate cancer. The goal of this study is to investigate P504S/AMACR expression in fine‐needle aspiration smears and correlate it with cytological diagnosis. Immunocytochemistry was performed in 35 patients with morphological diagnosis of prostate carcinoma (n = 16), atypia (n = 15), and benign hyperplasia (n = 4). Among 16 malignant cases there were two low‐grade, eight intermediate, and six high‐grade prostate carcinomas. Cytoplasmic positivity is analyzed qualitatively as predominantly diffuse or focal and quantitatively as <5%, 5–50%, and >50% of cells. Benign cases showed no P504S/AMACR expression. Positive staining was recorded in 75% of malignant cases, but in the majority of them it was weak and focal or diffuse and in a small amount of cells. The most intensive staining was seen in low‐grade carcinomas and some atypical cases. This observation indicates a correlation between P504S/AMACR expression and differentiation of cells. P504S/AMACR staining might be of great value in cytodiagnosis of prostate lesions as well as an example of the characterization of cells at the molecular level using fresh tissue obtained by fine‐needle aspiration. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Diagnosis of metastatic pancreatic mesenchymal tumors by endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration
Authors: Varghese Linda , Ngae Min Yi , Wilson Andrew P. , Crowder Clinton D. , Gulbahce H. Evin , Pambuccian Stefan E. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractInvolvement of the pancreas by metastatic sarcoma is rare, and can prove challenging to differentiate from sarcomatoid carcinomas which occur more commonly. The endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration (EUS‐FNA) technique has been successfully used for the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinomas whether primary or metastatic, and is now considered the most effective noninvasive method for the identification of pancreatic metastases. However, to date very few reports detail the diagnosis of mesenchymal neoplasms by EUS‐FNA. Herein, we report a series of four patients who underwent EUS‐FNA of the pancreas, where the diagnosis of metastatic sarcoma was made based on morphology and ancillary studies. The cases include metastases of leiomyosarcoma, liposarcoma, alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma, and solitary fibrous tumor. The history of a primary sarcoma of the chest wall, mediastinum, and respectively lower extremity was known for the first three of these patients while in the case of the solitary fibrous tumor a remote history of a paraspinal “hemangiopericytoma” was only elicited after the EUS‐FNA diagnosis was made. We conclude that EUS‐FNA is efficient and accurate in providing a diagnosis of sarcoma, even in patients without a known primary sarcoma, thus allowing institution of therapy without additional biopsies. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An approximate‐state Riemann solver for the two‐dimensional shallow water equations with porosity
Authors: Finaud‐Guyot P. , Delenne C. , Lhomme J. , Guinot V. , Llovel C. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractPorAS, a new approximate‐state Riemann solver, is proposed for hyperbolic systems of conservation laws with source terms and porosity. The use of porosity enables a simple representation of urban floodplains by taking into account the global reduction in the exchange sections and storage. The introduction of the porosity coefficient induces modified expressions for the fluxes and source terms in the continuity and momentum equations. The solution is considered to be made of rarefaction waves and is determined using the Riemann invariants. To allow a direct computation of the flux through the computational cells interfaces, the Riemann invariants are expressed as functions of the flux vector. The application of the PorAS solver to the shallow water equations is presented and several computational examples are given for a comparison with the HLLC solver. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
QALYs: is the value of treatment proportional to the size of the health gain?
Authors: Nord Erik , Enge Anja Undrum , Gundersen Veronica 
Published: May 2009

AbstractIn societal priority setting between health programs for different patient groups, many people are reluctant to discriminate too strongly between those who can benefit much from treatment and those who can benefit moderately. We suggest that this view of distributive fairness has a counterpart in personal valuations of gains in health. Such valuations may be influenced by psychological reference points and diminishing marginal utility such that the individual utility of care in patient groups with different potentials may be more similar than what conventional QALY estimates suggest. In interviews in three convenience samples, there is some support for the hypothesis. Most respondents do not think that desire for treatment is significantly less in those who stand to gain only moderately compared with those who stand to gain much – even when the treatment is associated with a mortality risk. When stating insurance preferences, a majority of subjects express a greater concern for avoiding the worst states in question than for maximising expected value for money in terms of treatment effects. The tendency applies to outcomes in terms of both quality and quantity of life. Choices between prefixed response options fit well with oral explanations of these choices. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Microenvironmental regulation of the sinusoidal endothelial cell phenotype in vitro #
Authors: March Sandra , Hui Elliot E. , Underhill Gregory H. , Khetani Salman , Bhatia Sangeeta N. 
Published: May 2009

Abstract
Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) differ, both structurally and functionally, from endothelial cells (ECs) lining blood vessels of other tissues. For example, in contrast to other ECs, LSECs possess fenestrations, have low detectable levels of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 expression, and in rat tissue, they distinctively express a cell surface marker recognized by the SE-1 antibody. These unique phenotypic characteristics seen in hepatic tissue are lost over time upon culture in vitro; therefore, this study sought to systematically examine the effects of microenvironmental stimuli—namely, extracellular matrix and neighboring cells, on the LSEC phenotype in vitro. In probing the role of the underlying extracellular matrix, we identified collagen I and collagen III as well as mixtures of collagen I/collagen IV/fibronectin as having a positive effect on LSEC survival. Furthermore, using a stable hepatocellular model (hepatocyte–fibroblast) we were able to prolong the expression of both SE-1 and phenotypic functions of LSEC such as factor VIII activity and AcLOL uptake in cocultured LSECs through the production of short-range paracrine signals. In the course of these experiments, we identified the antigen recognized by SE-1 as CD32b. Conclusion: Collectively, this study has identified several microenvironmental regulators of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells that prolong their phenotypic functions for up to 2 weeks in culture, enabling the development of better in vitro models of liver physiology and disease. (Hepatology 2009.)
N‐terminal residues of the yeast pheromone receptor, Ste2p, mediate mating events independently of G1‐arrest signaling
Authors: Shi Chunhua , Kendall Stephanie C. , Grote Eric , Kaminskyj Susan , Loewen Michèle C. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractIn Saccharomyces cerevisiae, mechanisms modulating the mating steps following cell cycle arrest are not well characterized. However, the N‐terminal domain of Ste2p, a G protein‐coupled pheromone receptor, was recently proposed to mediate events at this level. Toward deciphering receptor mechanisms associated with this mating functionality, scanning mutagenesis of targeted regions of the N‐terminal domain has been completed. Characterization of ste2 yeast overexpressing Ste2p variants indicated that residues Ile 24 and Ile 29 as well as Pro 15 are critical in mediating mating efficiency. This activity was shown to be independent of Ste2p mediated G1 arrest signaling. Further analysis of Ile 24 and Ile 29 highlight the residues' solvent accessibility, as well as the importance of the hydrophobic nature of the sites, and in the case of Ile 24 the specific size and shape of the side chain. Mutation of these Ile's led to arrest of mating after cell contact, but before completion of cell wall degradation. We speculate that these extracellular residues mediate novel receptor interactions with ligand or proteins, leading to stimulation of alternate signaling effector pathways. J. Cell. Biochem. 107: 630–638, 2009. © 2009 Crown in the right of Canada.
Cardiac potential of stem cells from whole human umbilical cord tissue
Authors: Wu Kai Hong , Mo Xu Ming , Zhou Bin , Lu Shi Hong , Yang Shao Guang , Liu Ying Long , Han Zhong Chao 
Published: May 2009

AbstractWe investigated the role of stem cells from human umbilical cord tissue in cardiomyocyte regeneration. The umbilical cord stem cells were initially characterized and differentiated in a myocardial differentiation medium containing 5‐azacytidine for 24 h. Differentiation into cardiomyocytes was determined by expression of cardiac specific markers, like cardiac α‐actin, connexin43, myosin, Troponin T, and ultrastructural analysis. In vivo, the transplanted umbilical cord stem cells were sprouting from local injection and differentiated into cardiomyocyte‐like cells in a rat myocardial infarction model. Echocardiography revealed increasing left ventricular function after umbilical cord stem cell transplantation. These results demonstrate that umbilical cord stem cells can differentiate into cardiomyocyte‐like cells both in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, human umbilical cord might represent a source of stem cells useful for cellular therapy and myocardial tissue engineering. Future studies are required to determine the molecular signaling mechanisms responsible for this phenomenon. J. Cell. Biochem. 107: 926–932, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
NPY revealed as a critical modulator of osteoblast function in vitro: New insights into the role of Y1 and Y2 receptors
Authors: Teixeira Liliana , Sousa Daniela M. , Nunes Ana Filipa , Sousa Mónica M. , Herzog Herbert , Lamghari Meriem 
Published: May 2009

AbstractNeuropeptide Y (NPY) has recently emerged as a potential regulator of bone homeostasis. However, the relevance of NPY's role in osteoblast activity and the biological functions involving NPY receptors in bone homeostasis remain to be clarified. Here we report that chronically elevated NPY levels leaded to a modulation of the level of Y2 receptor expression marked with a transient down and upregulation according to the stage of osteoblast differentiation. We also show that NPY is a negative regulator of Y1 receptor expression. The pharmalogical activation of Y2 receptor with its agonist resulted in similar effect. Functional analysis also revealed the osteogenic potential of NPY with osteoblast phenotype markers being significantly enhanced in osteoprogenitor cells stimulated by NPY, probably due to the down‐regulation of Y1 receptor. In contrasts, these cells exhibit a reduction in calcium deposition in extracellular matrix most likely mediated via Y2 receptor signalling. Furthermore, we show that NPY modulates receptor activator of nuclear factor kB (NF‐kB) (RANK) ligand and osteoprotegerin, two key factors regulating bone remodelling. Specifically, NPY inhibits the transcriptional activity of RANKL promoter in osteoprogenitor cells and enhances OPG expression in osteoblasts at early stages of differentiation. However, NPY effect on OPG seemed to be unrelated to Y2 receptor activation. Taken together the present data supported the contribution of NPY pathway in bone homeostasis via a direct action on osteoblasts cells. J. Cell. Biochem. 107: 908–916, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Examining motivational interviewing from a client agency perspective
Authors: Faris Alexander S. , Cavell Timothy A. , Fishburne John W. , Britton Peter C. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractAlthough empirical investigations strongly support the use of motivational interviewing (MI), there is no theory to clearly explain how or why MI works. The authors propose that MI is efficacious because it mobilizes clients' inherent resources for motivation, learning, creativity, problem solving, and goal‐driven activity. Examining MI from a client agency perspective reveals new ways of conceptualizing several critical issues, including MI's fundamental “spirit,” the function of resolving ambivalence, the importance of change talk, MI's ability to combine well with other approaches, and the success of brief MI interventions. Implications for the science and practice of MI are discussed from the standpoint that clients are primarily responsible for driving therapeutic gains. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 65: 1–16, 2009.
Complications and satisfaction with pediatric osseointegrated external ear prostheses
Authors: Hamming Katherine K. , Lund Todd W. , Lander Timothy A. , Sidman James D. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractObjectives:To determine the complication rate and the patient satisfaction of titanium osseointegrated ear implants for congenital microtia and anotia. To discuss external ear prostheses as a treatment option for children with microtia.Study Design:Retrospective chart review of patient records from a tertiary pediatric otolaryngology practice.Methods:The charts were reviewed for all pediatric patients who had undergone titanium implants for attachment of auricular prostheses from 2000–2006. Data collected included demographic information, congenital syndrome, number and size of screws placed, occurrence of skin reactions, presence of other complications, and length of time patients wore the prosthetic ear.Results:Eight patients, nine ears, were implanted. Median age was 7 years old. 6/8 had oculoauriculovertebral (OAV) syndrome, and 2 had isolated microtia. All titanium screws achieved complete osseointegration, and no implants have failed. 5/27 (18%) of the screws contacted dura, but no patients exhibited CSF leak, meningitis, or other central complications. 3/9 ears developed skin complications at the abutment sites, and 1/9 required revision soft tissue surgery. All the patients without current skin complications wear their prosthesis full time during waking hours.Conclusions:Titanium osseointegrated ear prosthesis is a safe and useful procedure for children with microtia. It should be presented as an option for these patients, with low complication rates and high acceptance rates by the patients. Laryngoscope, 2009
Has Click Chemistry Lead to a Paradigm Shift in Polymer Material Design?
Authors: Barner‐Kowollik Christopher , Inglis Andrew J. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractHas the introduction of the click chemistry concept by Sharpless and colleagues in 2001 lead to a paradigm shift in how we approach the design of macromolecular materials; or is it simply a relatively inconsequential re‐branding exercise of already existing and slightly optimized but well‐tried and tested reactions as some critics would have it? The current Trend Article analyses the situation by examining a series of select macromolecular research fields to shed light on this question, providing an unambiguous answer: The focusing of polymer chemists through the click concept on what constitutes a powerful modular chemical transformation to generate a specific polymeric material is a defining element in contemporary synthetic polymer chemistry, transcending a specific reaction. Without the introduction of the click philosophy several classes of innovative materials and polymer designs would not have been realized.magnified image
Spheroidal Nanoparticles in Epoxide‐Based Adhesives
Authors: Hartwig Andreas , Lühring Andreas , Trautmann Jasmin 
Published: May 2009

AbstractEpoxy resins are a very important class of structural adhesives and property improvements are constantly being sought. As the interaction between the polymer and the surface of nanoparticles is nothing other than adhesion, there is obvious scope for property improvements by adding nanoparticles having tailored surfaces. Particles agglomeration, surface chemistry, and the thickness and composition of the particle‐polymer interphase are crucial for the resulting material properties. Also, the simultaneous use of different nanoparticles can lead to marked property improvements. Specific nanoparticles lead to new functions. This is demonstrated for “antenna particles” for rapid‐curing adhesives.magnified image
‘Click’ Functionalization of Cryogels Conveniently Verified and Quantified Using High‐Resolution MAS NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Van Camp Wim , Dispinar Tugba , Dervaux Bart , Prez Filip E. Du , Martins José C. , Fritzinger Bernd 
Published: May 2009

AbstractChemical modification reactions of alkyne containing polyHEMA‐based macroporous network structures (cryogels) by Cu(I) catalyzed azide‐alkyne ‘click’ cycloaddition reactions and their monitoring and quantification with high‐resolution magic angle spinning (hr‐MAS) NMR spectroscopy are reported. Complete conversion is obtained when benzylazide is reacted with the grafted alkyne function, but only partial conversion is observed when using azide‐modified poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG‐N3). Subsequent addition of benzylazide consumes all remaining alkyne groups. All chemical modifications are easily monitored at each stage using hr‐MAS NMR spectroscopy. The alkyne functionality and the resulting triazole ring provide well resolved 1H resonances to monitor and quantify the progress of such ‘click’ reactions in general.magnified image
UV‐Responsive Behavior of Azopyridine‐Containing Diblock Copolymeric Vesicles: Photoinduced Fusion, Disintegration and Rearrangement
Authors: Lin Li , Yan Zeng , Gu Junsi , Zhang Yuanyuan , Feng Ze , Yu Yanlei 
Published: May 2009

AbstractA novel amphiphilic diblock copolymer composed of a hydrophilic poly(ethylene oxide) and a hydrophobic polymethacrylate with photochromic azopyridine moieties in the side groups was synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization. The copolymeric vesicles showed photoinduced circular process including fusion, damage and defect formation, disruption, disintegration and rearrangement in H2O/THF during the irradiation of UV light. The process of photoresponsive cycle can be inhibited at any moment by visible light.magnified image
1H and 13C NMR signal assignments of some new N,N′‐diacyl proflavine derivatives
Authors: Benchabane Y. , Boyer G. , Faure R. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe complete 1H and 13C NMR signal assignments of 23 new N,N′‐diacyl proflavine derivatives were achieved using one‐ and two‐dimensional experiments (DEPT, HMQC and HMBC). Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Elasto‐plastic analysis of block structures through a homogenization method
Authors: de Felice G. , Amorosi A. , Malena M. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe paper describes the development and numerical implementation of a constitutive relationship for modeling the elasto‐plastic behavior of block structures with periodic texture, regarded at a macroscopic scale as homogenized anisotropic media. The macroscopic model is shown to retain memory of the mechanical characteristics of the joints and of the shape of the blocks. The overall mechanical properties display anisotropy and singularities in the yield surface, arising from the discrete nature of the block structure and the geometrical arrangement of the units. The model is formulated in the framework of multi‐surface plasticity. It is implemented in an finite element (FE) code by means of two different algorithms: an implicit return mapping scheme and a minimization algorithm directly derived from the Haar–Karman principle. The model is validated against analytical and experimental results: the comparison between the homogenized continuum and the original block assembly shows a good agreement in terms of ultimate inelastic behavior, when the size of the block is small as compared with that of the whole assembly. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
High‐throughput method for estimating the time to sustained ignition of polystyrene–clay nanocomposites based on thermogravimetric analysis
Authors: Costache Marius C. , Wilkie Charles A. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractPolymer‐modified clay nanocomposites were prepared by melt blending and the time to ignition was measured by cone calorimetry at various heat fluxes. Based on these experimental results, a critical mass flux and critical percentage mass loss (pmlcrit) for piloted ignition were identified and validated for both virgin polystyrene and its composites, across a wide range of heating fluxes. Based on the assumption that the polymer degradation kinetics in the heating segment of the cone calorimetry (up to the moment of ignition) and thermogravimetry experiments are similar, and using the pmlcrit, we hypothesized that the onset degradation temperature of the TGA samples (defined here as the temperature at pmlcrit) could be used to estimate the time to sustained ignition in cone calorimetry experiments. The onset degradation temperature and the time to sustained ignition showed a good correlation, regardless of the heating flux used in cone calorimetry experiments. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia due to HPA‐9b incompatibility
Authors: Raj Ashok , Kailasnath Vasundhara P. , Bertolone Salvatore , McFarland Janice G. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractNeonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT) is one of the most frequent causes of both severe thrombocytopenia and intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) in fetuses and term neonates. The diagnosis is established by demonstrating antibodies against human platelet antigens (HPA) and discordance in platelet antigen typing between parents or between the mother and neonate. We report a case of NAIT that was likely due to maternal sensitization to HPA‐9b (Maxa), a recently recognized, rare platelet‐specific antigen. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009;53:459–461. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The impact of statins, ace inhibitors and gastric acid suppressants on pneumonia mortality in a UK general practice population cohort
Authors: Myles Puja R. , Hubbard Richard B. , Gibson Jack E. , Pogson Zara , Smith Christopher J.P. , McKeever Tricia M. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractBackgroundPneumonia is a common diagnosis in general practice in the United Kingdom. Previous studies suggest that commonly prescribed drugs in general practice may influence pneumonia mortality.AimWe investigated whether statins, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and Histamine‐2‐receptor antagonists (H2RAs) have an impact on short‐term and long‐term mortality in pneumonia cases.Design of StudyPopulation‐based cohort studySetttingUnited KingdomMethodsData on 3681 pneumonia cases above the age of 40 years were obtained from a comprehensive database called the health improvement network (THIN) which has computerised medical records from 300 general practice surgeries in the United Kingdom. We used Cox regression for our analyses.ResultsCurrent statin use was associated with a 67% decrease in 30‐day mortality (adj. HR: 0.33, 95% CI: 0.19–0.58) and a 55% decrease in long‐term mortality (adj. HR: 0.45, 95% CI: 0.32–0.62) over a median follow‐up of 2.8 years as compared to no‐use. Current ACEI use decreased the 30‐day mortality risk by nearly 38% as compared to no‐use (adj. HR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.47–0.82) but was not associated with long‐term mortality. No significant impact on mortality was observed for either gastric acid suppressant.ConclusionThe use of statins is associated with a lower risk of short‐ and long‐term mortality following pneumonia whereas the use of ACEIs is associated with a decreased mortality risk only in the short‐term. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.