bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of Ultrasonography in the Evaluation of Retained Products of Conception
Authors: Singh Amandeep , Waraich Harleen K. , Sood Mehar K. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract“Retained products of conception” (RPOC) account for a significant number of radiology clinical visits in the postnatal or postabortive period. Any delay in receiving the necessary treatment can lead to further complications and may even prove lethal. On the other hand, overtreatment where none is required may also lead to complications and can affect future conceptions. Therefore, a timely and accurate detection of RPOC is essential in saving the life and preventing future complications. Ultrasonography helps in diagnosing and quantifying the RPOC and is, therefore, important when choosing the course of management for the patient. Various findings in pathologically confirmed cases of RPOC have been described in the literature. However, a significant overlap with the normal postnatal findings is seen. This article aims to describe the various features of RPOC on ultrasound, which may increase the diagnostic confidence of the radiologists in cases of RPOC. The RPOC mimics and features that may help differentiate them have also been briefly discussed.
Impact of Different Valve-in-Valve Positions on Functional Results of the New Generation of Balloon-Expandable Transcatheter Heart Valve
Authors: Sadat Najla , Scharfschwerdt Michael , Reichert Stefan , Fujita Buntaro , Ensminger Stephan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Objectives Very precise positioning of the transcatheter heart valve (THV) inside the degenerated SAV is a crucial factor for valve-in-valve (ViV) procedure to achieve optimal hemodynamic results. Therefore, our study aimed to investigate the impact of implantation depth on functional results after ViV procedures in a standardized in vitro setting.
Methods THV (SAPIEN 3 Ultra 23-mm size) and three SAV models (Magna Ease, Trifecta, and Hancock II—all 21-mm size) were tested at different circulatory conditions in five different positions of the THV (2–6 mm) inside the SAV. Mean pressure gradient (MPG), effective orifice area (EOA), geometric orifice area (GOAmax), and pinwheeling index (PWImean) were analyzed.
Results EOA and MPG of the THV did not differ significantly regarding the position inside the Magna Ease and the Hancock II (p > 0.05). However, EOA differed significantly, depending on the position of the THV inside Trifecta (2 vs. 5 mm; p = 0.021 and 2 vs. 6 mm; p < 0.001). The THV presented the highest EOA (2.047 cm2) and the lowest MPG (5.387 mm Hg) inside the Magna Ease, whereas the lowest EOA (1.335 cm2) and the highest MPG (11.876 mm Hg) were shown inside the Hancock II. Additionally, the highest GOAmax and the lowest PWImean of the THV were noticed inside the Magna Ease. The THV showed lower GOAmax and higher PWImean inside the Trifecta when placed in a deeper position.
Conclusion Deep implantation of the SAPIEN 3 Ultra inside the Trifecta correlates with impaired functional results. In contrast, the implantation position of the SAPIEN 3 Ultra inside the Magna Ease and the Hancock II did not have a significant effect on functional results.
Experimental Cranial Nerve Models in the Rat
Authors: Karagoz Huseyin , Zhang Feng , Chaker Sara C. , Lineaweaver William C. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background The intricacies of nerve regeneration following injury have prompted increased research efforts in recent years, with a primary focus on elucidating regeneration mechanisms and exploring various surgical techniques. While many experimental animals have been used for these investigations, the rat continues to remain the most widely used model due to its cost-effectiveness, accessibility, and resilience against diseases and surgical/anesthetic complications. A comprehensive evaluation of all the experimental rat models available in this context is currently lacking.
Methods We summarize rat models of cranial nerves while furnishing descriptions of the intricacies of achieving optimal exposure.
Results This review article provides an examination of the technical exposure, potential applications, and the advantages and disadvantages inherent to each cranial nerve model.
Conclusion Specifically in the context of cranial nerve injury, numerous studies have utilized different surgical techniques to expose and investigate the cranial nerves in the rat.
An Institutional Analysis of Early Postoperative Free Tissue Transfer Takeback Procedures
Authors: Hernandez Alvarez Angelica , Lee Daniela , Kim Erin J. , Schuster Kirsten , Taritsa Iulianna , Foppiani Jose , Valentine Lauren , Weidman Allan A. , Comer Carly , Lee Bernard T. , Lin Samuel J. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background Postoperative free tissue transfer reexploration procedures are relatively infrequent but associated with increased overall failure rates. This study examines the differences between flaps requiring takeback versus no takeback, as well as trends in reexploration techniques that may increase the odds of successful salvage.
Methods A retrospective review was conducted on all free tissue transfers performed at our institution from 2011 to 2022. Patients who underwent flap reexploration within 30 days of the original procedure were compared with a randomly selected control group who underwent free flap procedures without reexploration (1:2 cases to controls). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed.
Results From 1,213 free tissue transfers performed in the study period, 187 patients were included in the analysis. Of the total flaps performed, 62 (0.05%) required takeback, and 125 were randomly selected as a control group. Free flap indication, flap type, reconstruction location, and number of venous anastomoses differed significantly between the two groups. Among the reexplored flaps, 8 (4.3% of the total) had a subsequent failure while 54 (87.10%) were salvaged, with significant differences in cause of initial flap failure, affected vessel type, and salvage technique.
Conclusion Free tissue transfers least prone to reexploration involved breast reconstruction in patients without predisposition to hypercoagulability or reconstruction history. When takeback operations were required, salvage was more likely in those without microvascular compromise or with an isolated venous injury who required a single exploratory operation.
The Ugly: Metastatic Colon Cancer—Surgical Options
Authors: Dossa Fahima , Weiser Martin R. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOver 50% of patients with colorectal cancer develop metastatic disease. Although systemic therapy remains the backbone of palliative treatment, select patients may be candidates for surgical resection with curative intent. Given increasing evidence of the association between metastasectomy and prolonged survival, surgery has acquired an increasingly central role in the management of liver, lung, and peritoneal metastases. This is compounded by accumulating advances in local and systemic treatments that have allowed for expansion of the resectability pool, bringing the potential for curative surgical treatment to increasing numbers of patients with stage IV disease. However, as the boundaries of resectability are pushed, patient selection and consideration of tumor-related and technical factors are imperative to the identification of patients for whom surgery would be of the greatest benefit.
Measurement of health human capital and its economic effect in China
Authors: Liu Yahong , Huo Shixin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractImproving individual health not only enhances labor productivity but also boosts the productivity of society as a whole. China’s economic development is in urgent need of transitioning from being driven by factors to being driven by innovation, which places higher demands on Health Human Capital (HHC). An evaluation system consisting of 18 indicators across four dimensions—basic health, preventive healthcare, medical resources, quality, and healthy environment—was used to calculate the HHC index of 31 provinces and cities in China from 2005 to 2019 using the entropy method. Following that, this study assessed the influence of HHC on economic growth using endogenous growth theory and the Corgis production function. Firstly, we discovered that the level of home healthcare services in China is on a steady incline, with eastern China showing better results compared to western and northeastern regions. Secondly, enhancing HHC will lead to a rise in the local real per capita GDP and foster economic growth, although there may be regional disparities. Thirdly, provinces with a higher level of economic development exhibit a more significant promoting effect, with southern China showing a greater impact than northern China. China should continue to prioritize both efficiency and equity in the allocation of medical and health resources, while also working to reduce the disparities in HHC development among different regions.
The implication of the illness metaphors of In America: Mitigating negative effects of metaphors through illness narratives in the postpandemic era of COVID-19
Authors: Dai Rumeng , Peng Shuixiang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSusan Sontag’s cancer experience made her realize the harm that the inappropriate use of illness metaphors might do to patients. After recovering from breast cancer, she wrote in Illness as Metaphor that illness has been romanticized and stigmatized. She also elaborated on some illness metaphors, such as the military metaphors for illness, which are still the subject of debate. Her novel In America could be regarded as an elaboration on the consequences of such metaphors. The phenomena she depicts in her novel are now visible twenty years later in the real world. Through analysing the personal experiences of the protagonists Maryna and Ryszard of In America, three levels of trauma caused by the illness metaphors used in negative ways are elucidated in this paper: the personal level, the social level, and the national level. Patients and their relations, health care workers, and even countries, such as China, have been hurt by these metaphors. Therefore, to avoid causing harm to more people, it is necessary to alleviate the negative effects of the inappropriate use of illness metaphors, especially in the postpandemic era of COVID-19. The illness narrative is a good way to mitigate the traumas caused by the inappropriate use of illness metaphors. This article attempts to explore the metaphorization of illness, the traumas caused by the inappropriate use of illness metaphors, and the occurrence of similar phenomena during and after COVID-19. The plot of In America is also explored as an illness narrative, and the illness narrative genre is examined as a way to mitigate the negative effects of the inappropriate use of illness metaphors.
Home‑rearing environment and preschoolers’ academic and behavioral competence: The indirect role of children’s screen time
Authors: Xie Hongbin , Wang Shuang , Liu Cong , Ouyang Hongliu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe home-rearing environment (HRE) is significantly related to preschoolers’ academic and behavioral development. Children’s screen time has become an increasingly important aspect of the family environment in today’s digital age. However, few studies explored screen time’s indirect role in the relationships between HRE and children’s development. This study was conducted in three provinces of China, and 825 child-parent dyads participated. The results indicated that a high-quality HRE is directly associated with better language and cognitive skills, self-regulation, self-efficacy, and fewer problem behaviors in children. Screen time has an indirect role in this relationship, suggesting that a better HRE associated with lower screen time improves children’s outcomes. However, the HRE did not show a significant indirect role through screen time related to children’s problem behavior, indicating other factors may play a role. The study highlights the importance of fostering enriching home environments and managing screen time to support children’s development.
Nanoscale thermal imaging of hot electrons by cryogenic terahertz scanning noise microscopy
Authors: Weng Qianchun , Deng Weijie , Komiyama Susumu , Sasaki Toru , Imada Hiroshi , Lu Wei , Hosako Iwao , Kim Yousoo 
Published: June 2024

Nanoscale thermal imaging and temperature detection are of fundamental importance in diverse scientific and technological realms. Most nanoscale thermometry techniques focus on probing the temperature of lattice or phonons and are insensitive to nonequilibrium electrons, commonly referred to as “hot electrons.” While terahertz scanning noise microscopy (SNoiM) has been demonstrated to be powerful in the thermal imaging of hot electrons, prior studies have been limited to room temperature. In this work, we report the development of a cryogenic SNoiM (Cryo-SNoiM) tailored for quantitative hot electron temperature detection at low temperatures. The microscope features a special two-chamber design where the sensitive terahertz detector, housed in a vacuum chamber, is efficiently cooled to ∼5 K using a pulse tube cryocooler. In a separate chamber, the atomic force microscope and the sample can be maintained at room temperature under ambient/vacuum conditions or cooled to ∼110 K via liquid nitrogen. This unique dual-chamber cooling system design enhances the efficacy of SNoiM measurements at low temperatures. It not only facilitates the pre-selection of tips at room temperature before cooling but also enables the quantitative derivation of local electron temperature without reliance on any adjustable parameters. The performance of Cryo-SNoiM is demonstrated through imaging the distribution of hot electrons in a cold, self-heated narrow metal wire. This instrumental innovation holds great promise for applications in imaging low-temperature hot electron dynamics and nonequilibrium transport phenomena across various material systems.
Accurate determination of impact ionization coefficient ratio and temperature dependence of InGaAs/InP avalanche photodiodes
Authors: Ma Xu , Bai Rong , Zhang Jinchao , Liu Chen , Shi Yanli 
Published: June 2024

We propose a broadband noise test method (10 Hz–1 MHz) using a direct power method to measure the excess noise of InGaAs/InP avalanche photodiodes (APDs) with a separate absorption, grading, charge, and multiplication structure. By this means, the impact ionization coefficient ratio (the k value) can be accurately determined. Compared with previous studies, this method can distinguish between low-frequency noise and excess noise, so for an appropriate high frequency spectral range, the excess noise can be analyzed without mixing in other noise information. Three different APDs fabricated in-house with different diameters (12, 25, and 60 µm) were investigated using the above-mentioned method under temperatures varying from −10 to −40 °C. Our findings showed that the k value of the APDs decreased as the temperature decreased. When the temperature decreased to −40 °C, the k value of the 12, 25, and 60 µm diameter diodes was as low as 0.1, 0.3, and 0.2, respectively. The measurement results are consistent with our device design and not only provide useful information for the future selection of device materials and structures but also demonstrate the feasibility of the broadband noise measurement method in the accurate determination of the k value. It indicates that low excess noise can be achieved by utilizing the temperature dependence of k.
Dynamics of a two-patch logistic model with diffusion and time delay
Authors: Sawada Yukihiro , Takeuchi Yasuhiro , Dong Yueping 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we proposed a two-patch logistic model connected by diffusion, where one patch includes the Gamma type distribution time delay while the other patch does not include the time delay. In general, Routh–Hurwitz criterion is applied to the derivation for the conditions of Hopf bifurcation, but the more the order of the time delay increases the more the difficulty rises. Hence we adopt the polar form method for the characteristic equation to study the stability of coexistence equilibrium. Our findings show that the diffusion prevents the instabilization of the coexistence equilibrium. Besides, we found that the coexistence equilibrium is stable when time delay is small, and becomes unstable as the delay increases. But it can be restabilized for further increasing of time delay and continues to be stable afterwards. In other words, the diffusion and the time delay are beneficial to the stability of the coexistence equilibrium.
Use of biochar and NPK fertilizer in soybean cultivation in Alfisol to improve soil physical properties and plant growth
Authors: Cahyono O , Maro’ah S , Minardi S , Cahyani V R , Sudadi  , Ismiliyawati I 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The decrease in soil properties due to using artificial fertilizers requires finding a solution, one of which is using biochar. This research aims to assess the effect of the application of rice husk biochar and NPK compound fertilizer on the physical properties of Alfisols and soybean growth. The study was conducted from March to June 2023 on Alfisol of Kwangsan Village, Jumapolo, using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 10 treatments and 3 replications. The study showed that combining rice husk biochar and NPK compound fertilizer improved soil physical properties: soil C-Organic levels, field capacity, soil porosity, and soil water retention levels, and reduced soil bulk weight. The treatments also increased soybean growth: plant height, number of leaves and branches. Application of 25% NPK compound fertilizer (75kg ha-1) and 100% rice husk biochar (10 tons ha-1) is suggested to progress soil physical properties and soybean plant development in Alfisols.
Optimalisation of in vitro sterilisation methods for North Sumatra local garlic (Allium Sativum L.)
Authors: Rodiansah A , Sinuraya M , Hanafiah D S , Butar-Butar S S , Pohan A F 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The establishment stage is critical to the success of plant tissue culture. Each plant tissue has unique tissue surface characteristics that interact with various natural microbes. The goal of this study was to find a sterilisation method that is effective at removing contamination while not damaging or inhibiting explant regeneration. In this study, Completely Randomized Design (CRD) factorial with 2 factors was used. The first factor was the disinfectant, namely T1 (Benzalkonium chloride 0.5%), T2 (Nordox 6 g/L 0.6%), and T3 (Clorox 10%). The second factor is the type of media, consisting of M1 (BDS supplemented with 1.8 μM/L 2,4-D and 9.2 μM/L Kinetin), M2 (BDS supplemented with 9 μM/L 2,4-D and 9.2 μM/L Kinetin), M3 (MS supplemented with 9 μM/L 2,4-D and 4.6 μM/L Kinetin), and M4 (MS media supplemented with 1.3 μM/L 2,4-D and 9.2 μM/L Kinetin. The observed parameters were the percentage of contamination, the survival rate, the type of contamination, the percentage of callus growing, weight and diameter. The T2 treatment was the most effective in reducing contamination and had the highest survival rate. T3 treatment resulted in the highest callus regeneration percentage, callus weight, and callus diameter, but also the highest level of contamination.
Isolation and characterization of chitosan from black soldier fly exuviae
Authors: Mirwandhono E , Yunilas  , Ginting N , Siregar G A W , Nasution M I A , Wahyuni S , Siswanto  
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Black Soldier Fly (BSF) cultivation leaves waste in the form of exuviae which is a new source of chitin and chitosan biopolymers, which can be used for various applications. This study aims to isolate and characterize chitosan from BSF exuviae. Chitosan isolation includes demineralization, deproteination, depigmentation, and deacetylation stages. The results showed that the chitosan in this study was in powder form, odorless, brownish white in color, soluble in 2% acetic acid, 12.46% yield, 88% degree of deacetylation, and the presence of an absorption band in the wave number region of 3443 cm-1 indicating the presence of hydroxyl groups and absorption in the wave number region of 1637 cm-1 which indicates the presence of amide groups based on the FTIR spectrum. The quality of the chitosan produced meets the quality standards of chitosan according to SNI No.7949-2013.
Performance of the growth and yields of some local varieties of garlic (Allium sativum l.) in medium lands
Authors: Latifah E , Mariyono J , Anggraeni L , Aisyawati L , Fauziah L , Arifin Z , Sugiono  , Krismawati A , Handayati W , Sihombing D , Setiasih  , Baswarsiati  
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Based on data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) in 2021. garlic production is only around 45.09 thousand tons. The purpose of the study was to determine the morphological and physiological characters of plants of six varieties of garlic in the medium area. This study was conducted from October 2022 to February 2023. The experiment used a simple randomized group design (RAK) with varieties as treatment consisting of six varieties. including: Lumbu putih. Lumbu Kuning. Sangga Sembalun. Lumbu hijau and Tawangmangu baru. The observed data were analyzed statistically using variety analysis with DSAASTAT EXCEL SOFTWARE VERSION 1.101. If the variance analysis shows a real difference. then proceed with Duncan’s multiple distance test at a real level of 5%. The data were analyzed using fingerprint analysis and if there were differences between treatments. a BNT 5% follow-up test was carried out. Observations were made on plant height. number of leaves. plant diameter. plant wet weight. plant dry weight. root weight. root length. root width. chlorophyll content a. chlorophyll content b. stomata and weight of plant tubers. The results showed that Lumbu hijau has better growth. low moisture content than other varieties and shows the highest tuber yield
The effect of introducing heat stress on the eating and drinking behavior of laying quail
Authors: Widaya P , Ratriyanto A , Widyas N 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The high environmental temperature affects the quail’s physiology and performance and can be indicated by their behavior. This study aimed to see how introducing heat stress in different floor spaces affects laying quail’s behavior. The study was designed as completely randomized, consisting of two floor spaces, 225 and 164 cm2/bird represented by 16 and 22 birds per cage. There were six replications per treatment, resulting in 228 used in this study. Ethogram was used to analyze behavioral patterns. Eating and drinking behavior of quail were recorded by CCTV for 24 hours and repeated thrice. The record was analyzed by sampling the first minute every hour. The data is shown as a graph of eating and drinking behavior for 24 hours. The result revealed that the drinking behavior of the low floor space (164 cm2/bird) from 00:00 - 23:00 was higher than the high floor space (225 cm2/bird). The eating behavior of quails from 00:00 - 23:00 was not different in the two conditions. Based on this study, heat stress from lowering floor space per bird in cage cause increasing drinking behavior.