bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidence-based definition of hypoprolactinemia in European men aged 40–86 years: the European male ageing study
Authors: Han Thang S. , Antonio Leen , Bartfai György , O’Neill Terence W. , Punab Margus , Rastrelli Giulia , Maggi Mario , Słowikowska-Hilczer Jolanta , Tournoy Jos , Vanderschueren Dirk , Lean Michael E. J. , Huhtaniemi Ilpo T. , Wu Frederick C. W. , Castro Ana I. , Carreira Marcos C. , Casanueva Felipe F. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEmpirical evidence for a low normal or reference interval for serum prolactin (PRL) is lacking for men, while the implications of very low PRL levels for human health have never been studied. A clinical state of “PRL deficiency” has not been defined except in relation to lactation. Using data from the European Male Ageing Study (EMAS), we analyzed the distribution of PRL in 3,369 community-dwelling European men, aged 40–80 years at phase-1 and free from acute illnesses. In total, 2,948 and 2,644 PRL samples were collected during phase-1 and phase-2 (3 to 5.7 years later). All samples were analysed in the same centre with the same assay. After excluding individuals with known pituitary diseases, PRL ≥ 35 ng/ml, and PRL-altering drugs including antipsychotic agents, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, or dopamine agonists, 5,086 data points (2,845 in phase-1 and 2,241 in phase-2) were available for analysis. The results showed that PRL declined minimally with age (slope = -0.02) and did not correlate with BMI. The positively skewed PRL distribution was log-transformed to a symmetrical distribution (skewness reduced from 13.3 to 0.015). Using two-sigma empirical rule (2[]SD about the mean), a threshold at 2.5% of the lower end of the distribution was shown to correspond to a PRL value of 2.98ng/ml. With reference to individuals with PRL levels of 5-34.9 ng/ml (event rate = 6.3%), the adjusted risk of developing type 2 diabetes increased progressively in those with PRL levels of 3-4.9 ng/ml: event rate = 9.3%, OR (95% CI) 1.59 (0.93–2.71), and more so with PRL levels of 0.3–2.9 ng/ml: event rate = 22.7%, OR 5.45 (1.78–16.62). There was also an increasing trend in prediabetes and diabetes based on fasting blood glucose levels was observed with lower categories of PRL. However, PRL levels were not associated with cancer, cardiovascular diseases, depressive symptoms or mortality. Our findings suggest that a PRL level below 3 ng/ml (64 mlU/l) significantly identifies European men with a clinically-important outcome (of type 2 diabetes), offering a lower reference-value for research and clinical practice.
The Gender Well-Being Gap
Authors: Blanchflower David , Bryson Alex 
Published: June 2024

AbstractGiven recent controversies about the existence of a gender wellbeing gap we revisit the issue estimating gender differences across 55 SWB metrics—37 positive affect and 18 negative affect—contained in 8 cross-country surveys from 167 countries across the world, two US surveys covering multiple years and a survey for Canada. We find women score more highly than men on all negative affect measures and lower than men on all but three positive affect metrics, confirming a gender wellbeing gap. The gap is apparent across countries and time and is robust to the inclusion of exogenous covariates (age, age squared, time and location fixed effects). It is also robust to conditioning on a wider set of potentially endogenous variables. However, when one examines the three ‘global’ wellbeing metrics—happiness, life satisfaction and Cantril’s Ladder—women are either similar to or ‘happier’ than men. This finding is insensitive to which controls are included and varies little over time. The difference does not seem to arise from measurement or seasonality as the variables are taken from the same surveys and frequently measured in the same way. The concern here though is that this is inconsistent with objective data where men have lower life expectancy and are more likely to die from suicide, drug overdoses and other diseases. This is the true paradox—morbidity doesn’t match mortality by gender. Women say they are less cheerful and calm, more depressed, and lonely, but happier and more satisfied with their lives, than men.
The Impact of Socio-Economic Conditions on Individuals’ Health: Development of an Index and Examination of its Association with Three of the Most Frequently Registered Diseases in Lazio Region of Italy
Authors: Valentini Ilaria , Nurchis Mario Cesare , Altamura Gerardo , Cicchetti Americo , Damiani Gianfranco , Arbia Giuseppe 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study examines spatial disparities and associations between the social deprivation index (SDI) and Type 2 Diabetes, Dementia, and Heart Failure in Italy’s Lazio Region. The primary goal is to assess how social deprivation impacts health inequalities by analysing SDI-disease correlations. This retrospective study uses 2020 socioeconomic data and 2021 epidemiological indicators in Lazio Region, Italy. The SDI, constructed following established guidelines, measures social deprivation. Statistical tools, including regression models, Moran’s I test, and LISA techniques, are used to analyse spatial patterns. Utilizing a retrospective approach, we merge 2020 socioeconomic and 2021 epidemiological data for analysis. The SDI is computed using established methods. Spatial disparities are explored through regression models, Moran’s I test, and LISA techniques. The study reveals significant disparities in disease incidence. District V in Rome exhibits high Type 2 Diabetes (113.75/1000) and Heart Failure (37.98/1000) rates, while Marcetelli has elevated Dementia incidence (19.74). Southern municipalities face high unemployment (up to 25%), whereas bordering areas have higher education levels (30–60%). Disease hotspots emerge in Rome and centre-north municipalities, aligning with social deprivation patterns. Regression models confirm the link between disease incidence and socioeconomic indicators. SDI ranges from − 1.31 to + 10.01. This study underscores a correlation between social deprivation and disease incidence. Further national-level research is essential to deepen our understanding of how social deprivation influences health outcomes, with potential implications for addressing health disparities both regionally and nationally.
The sound of surgery-development of an acoustic trocar system enabling laparoscopic sound analysis
Authors: Ostler-Mildner Daniel , Wegener Luca , Fuchtmann Jonas , Feussner Hubertus , Wilhelm Dirk , Navab Nassir 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Acoustic information can contain viable information in medicine and specifically in surgery. While laparoscopy depends mainly on visual information, our goal is to develop the means to capture and process acoustic information during laparoscopic surgery.

Methods
To achieve this, we iteratively developed three prototypes that will overcome the abdominal wall as a sound barrier and can be used with standard trocars. We evaluated them in terms of clinical applicability and sound transmission quality. Furthermore, the applicability of each prototype for sound classification based on machine learning was evaluated.

Results
Our developed prototypes for recording airborne sound from the intraperitoneal cavity represent a promising solution suitable for real-world clinical usage All three prototypes fulfill our set requirements in terms of clinical applicability (i.e., air-tightness, invasiveness, sterility) and show promising results regarding their acoustic characteristics and the associated results on ML-based sound classification.

Conclusion
In summary, our prototypes for capturing acoustic information during laparoscopic surgeries integrate seamlessly with existing procedures and have the potential to augment the surgeon’s perception. This advancement could change how surgeons interact with and understand the surgical field.
Eating Disorders in Sexual and Gender Minority Adolescents
Authors: Nagata Jason M. , Stuart Elena , Hur Jacqueline O. , Panchal Smriti , Low Patrick , Chaphekar Anita V. , Ganson Kyle T. , Lavender Jason M. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
To consolidate recent literature addressing eating disorders and disordered eating behaviors among sexual and gender minority (SGM) adolescents, including but not limited to lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) adolescents.

Recent Findings
Sexual and gender minority adolescents are at heightened vulnerability to eating disorders and disordered eating behaviors compared to their cisgender and heterosexual peers, potentially due to minority stress, gender norms, objectification, and the influence of the media, peers, and parents. We report findings from recent literature on the epidemiology and prevalence, assessment, mental health comorbidity, quality of life and psychosocial functioning, risk and protective factors, and treatment and interventions for eating disorders in sexual and gender minority adolescents.

Summary
Addressing eating disorders in sexual and gender minority adolescents requires an integrated approach consisting of screening, tailored treatment, and comprehensive support to address intersectional challenges. Gender-affirming and trauma-informed care approaches may be considered.
Learning unbounded-domain spatiotemporal differential equations using adaptive spectral methods
Authors: Xia Mingtao , Li Xiangting , Shen Qijing , Chou Tom 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRapidly developing machine learning methods have stimulated research interest in computationally reconstructing differential equations (DEs) from observational data, providing insight into the underlying mechanistic models. In this paper, we propose a new neural-ODE-based method that spectrally expands the spatial dependence of solutions to learn the spatiotemporal DEs they obey. Our spectral spatiotemporal DE learning method has the advantage of not explicitly relying on spatial discretization (e.g., meshes or grids), thus allowing reconstruction of DEs that may be defined on unbounded spatial domains and that may contain long-ranged, nonlocal spatial interactions. By combining spectral methods with the neural ODE framework, our proposed spectral DE method addresses the inverse-type problem of reconstructing spatiotemporal equations in unbounded domains. Even for bounded domain problems, our spectral approach is as accurate as some of the latest machine learning approaches for learning or numerically solving partial differential equations (PDEs). By developing a spectral framework for reconstructing both PDEs and partial integro-differential equations (PIDEs), we extend dynamical reconstruction approaches to a wider range of problems, including those in unbounded domains.
Praxelis cleggiae (Compositae: Eupatorieae: Praxeliinae), a new species from the granite inselbergs in the east of the Departamento de Santa Cruz, Bolivia
Authors: Hind D. J. Nicholas , Edwards Sara L. 
Published: June 2024

SummaryPraxelis cleggiae (Compositae: Eupatorieae: Praxeliinae) is described and illustrated from the granite inselbergs (upon which it is most common), and on road crown chippings on old roads, in the Departamento de Santa Cruz, Bolivia; it has a disjunct distribution and is also found on the Serranía San Simón, in the San Ignacio Schist belt, Departamento de Beni. Material of this species was mostly determined as P. insignis (Malme) R.M.King & H.Rob., a Brazilian species, described from the metamorphosed sandstone of what is now the Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Guimarães in Mato Grosso State. The two species have some superficial resemblance, but differ significantly in plant size, internode length (relative to leaf length), branching, leaf shape and size, phyllaries, achenes and pappus. The total number of species of Praxelis recognised in Bolivia is now seven, and 20 species in the genus worldwide.
Identification and evaluation of a six-lncRNA prognostic signature for multiple myeloma
Authors: Xu Lu , Xie Zhihao , Jiang Huanlin , Wang Erpeng , Hu Min , Huang Qianlei , Hao Xinbao 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common hematologic malignancy, and there is no cure for this disease. This study aimed to explore the prognostic value of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in MM and to reveal related immune and chemotherapy resistance mechanisms.

Methods
In this study, lncRNA profiles from the Multiple Myeloma Research Foundation (MMRF) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases were analyzed to identify lncRNAs linked to MM patient survival. A risk assessment model stratified patients into high- and low-risk groups, and survival was evaluated. Additionally, a triple-ceRNA (lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA) network was constructed, and functional analysis was performed. The research also involved immune function analysis and chemotherapy drug sensitivity assessment using oncoPredict and the GDSC dataset.

Results
We identified 422 lncRNAs significantly associated with overall survival in MM patients and ultimately focused on the 6 with the highest prognostic value. These lncRNAs were used to develop a risk score formula that stratified patients into high- and low-risk groups. Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed shorter survival in high-risk patients. We integrated this lncRNA signature with clinical parameters to construct a nomogram for predicting MM prognosis. Additionally, a triple-ceRNA network was constructed to reveal potential miRNA targets, coding genes related to these lncRNAs and significantly enriched pathways. Immune checkpoint gene expression and immune cell composition were also analyzed in relation to the lncRNA risk score. Finally, using the oncoPredict tool, we observed that high-risk patients exhibited decreased sensitivity to key MM chemotherapeutics, suggesting that lncRNA profiles are linked to chemotherapy resistance.
Making Epidemiological and Clinical Studies FAIR Using the Example of COVID-19
Authors: Pigeot Iris , Ahrens Wolfgang , Darms Johannes , Fluck Juliane , Golebiewski Martin , Hahn Horst K. , Hu Xiaoming , Intemann Timm , Kasbohm Elisa , Kirsten Toralf , Klammt Sebastian , Klopfenstein Sophie Anne Ines , Lassen-Schmidt Bianca , Peters Manuela , Sax Ulrich , Waltemath Dagmar , Schmidt Carsten Oliver 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFAIRification of personal health data is of utmost importance to improve health research and political as well as medical decision-making, which ultimately contributes to a better health of the general population. Despite the many advances in information technology, several obstacles such as interoperability problems remain and relevant research on the health topic of interest is likely to be missed out due to time-consuming search and access processes. A recent example is the COVID-19 pandemic, where a better understanding of the virus’ transmission dynamics as well as preventive and therapeutic options would have improved public health and medical decision-making. Consequently, the NFDI4Health Task Force COVID-19 was established to foster the FAIRification of German COVID-19 studies.This paper describes the various steps that have been taken to create low barrier workflows for scientists in finding and accessing German COVID-19 research. It provides an overview on the building blocks for FAIR health research within the Task Force COVID-19 and how this initial work was subsequently expanded by the German consortium National Research Data Infrastructure for Personal Health Data (NFDI4Health) to cover a wider range of studies and research areas in epidemiological, public health and clinical research. Lessons learned from the Task Force helped to improve the respective tasks of NFDI4Health.
Heterogeneous deformation in fold and thrust belts induced by anisotropies in the ocean topography; the South Portuguese Variscan Zone example (SW Portugal)
Authors: Bolacha E. , Dias R. , Fonseca P.E. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe Variscan fold and thrust belt related with the South Portuguese Zone presents a SW forward propagation and the coeval development of synthetic folds and thrusts pervasive at all scales. Although several models have been proposed for their formation, the estimated strain pattern is more compatible with a push from the rear induced by the north-eastern subduction zone. Although there is a strong consistence concerning the kinematics of these Variscan structures, there is an important contrast of their geometries between the inner and the external sectors, where the very low dips prevails. Although, there are some previous models suggesting that the behaviour of the more external domains could be related with the interference between the undeformed sedimentary sequence of the upper plate with the active margin of the fold and thrust belt, independent evidence of this process is lacking. The realization of scaled analogue experiments concerning the Carboniferous evolution of SW Iberia Variscides, not only show that they could induced the flat lying major thrust of the external domains, but also emphasize their important role in the structural evolution of much of the fold and thrust belt.
Incidence and Outcomes of Brucella Endocarditis in a High-Prevalence Area: A Single-Center Study
Authors: Pan Shufang , Zhao Yunyue , Zhou Kaixiang , Chen Shuru , Maimaitiming Miriban , Wu Jing , Tuerxun Maimaitiaili , Chong Yutian , Zhu Jianyun 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Objective
To analyze the clinical characteristics of Brucella endocarditis (BE) and observe the factors related to death to provide guidance for clinical treatment.

Methods
This study examined all patients with BE admitted to The First People’s Hospital of Kashi Prefecture between January 2017 and November 2023. Clinical characteristics and follow-up outcomes were collected for analysis.

Results
This study revealed 774 cases of brucellosis and 14 cases of BE, with an overall incidence rate of 1.88%. Most of the patients were male (71.43%) and lived in areas where brucellosis is common. Patients ranged in age from 26 to 68 years. Common symptoms reported among patients included chest tightness and fatigue, and a significant portion also presented with congestive heart failure. Most patients exhibited normal white blood cell counts (WBC) but had elevated levels of C-reactive protein (CRP). Transthoracic ultrasound (TTE) revealed cardiac valve vegetation in all patients, along with positive blood cultures. Six patients (42.86%) completed heart surgery, and ten (71.43%) completed anti-infection treatment. Six patients died, five of whom did not undergo surgery. The other patient with Marfan syndrome died after surgery. Sex, WBC count, neutrophil (NEUT) and total bilirubin (TBIL) were significant factors associated with regression in BE patients (P < 0.05) according to univariate analysis.

Conclusions
Patients with BE in Kashi have a severe clinical presentation at diagnosis, but early detection with improved cardiac ultrasound and aggressive treatment can improve the prognosis.
Telemedicine in neurology: challenges and opportunities
Authors: Al-Faraj Abrar O , Ukonu Nene , Mohtar Omar , Jha Vibhav , Chen Dickson T. , Lau K. H. Vincent 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Objective
Our aim is to explore the common challenges encountered by neurologists in telemedicine.

Methods
We performed a cross-sectional study via an anonymous survey to explore neurologists’ experiences with telemedicine. A survey was sent to randomly selected 200 participants from academic institutions in the United States. We performed descriptive statistics, reported as percentages for each survey question.

Results
One hunderd and ten neurologists completed the survey. Fifty-one percent of neurologists stated that they experienced technological issues in (1%–20%) of telemedicine visits and 57% needed technical assistance from informational technology ( support. Thirty-four percent of neurologists agree that the inability to perform physical examination make them feel worried that they are providing a sub-optimal care for their patients and 55% recommended a subsequent in-person visit for further evaluation in (1%–20%) of telemedicine visits. Most Neurologists (95%) rated patients’ technological challenges in setting up a telemedicine visit as the most common issue encountered and 37% rated both patient’s cognitive/mental disability and the limited availability of interpreter services for non-English speaking patients to be the other common challenges encountered during telemedicine visits. Neurologists rated improving administrative support (39%), integrating EMR with video and telephone calls (37%), and allotment of sufficient time to complete telemedicine visits (27%) to be the most important issues to be addressed to facilitate using telemedicine in neurology.

Significance
Potential opportunities to improve neurologists’ experiences with telemedicine include improving technological support, integrating virtual platforms within EMR and providing adequate administrative support. Patients with cognitive and or physical disabilities may need additional support to engage in the healthcare system via telemedicine.
Canadian Stroke Best Practice Recommendations, 7th Edition: Cerebral Venous Thrombosis, 2024
Authors: Field Thalia S. , Lindsay M. Patrice , Wein Theodore , Debicki Derek B. , Gorman Johnathon , Heran Manraj K.S. , Levin Leonard A. , Lund Rebecca , Moharir Mahendranath , Peeling Lissa , Perera Kanjana S. , Siegal Deborah , Verreault Steve , Foley Norine , Martin Chelsy , Smith Eric E. , Mountain Anita , Mandzia Jennifer 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
The 7th edition of the Canadian Stroke Best Practice Recommendations (CSBPR) is a comprehensive summary of current evidence-based recommendations, appropriate for use by healthcare providers and system planners, and intended to drive healthcare excellence, improved outcomes and more integrated health systems. This edition includes a new module on the management of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT). Cerebral venous thrombosis is defined as thrombosis of the veins of the brain, including the dural venous sinuses and/or cortical or deep veins. Cerebral venous thrombosis is a rare but potentially life-threatening type of stroke, representing 0.5–1.0% of all stroke admissions. The reported rates of CVT are approximately 10–20 per million and appear to be increasing over time. The risk of CVT is higher in women and often associated with oral contraceptive use and with pregnancy and the puerperium. This guideline addresses care for adult individuals who present to the healthcare system with current or recent symptoms of CVT. The recommendations cover the continuum of care from diagnosis and initial clinical assessment of symptomatic CVT, to acute treatment of symptomatic CVT, post-acute management, person-centered care, special considerations in the long-term management of CVT, including pregnancy and considerations related to CVT in special circumstances such as trauma and vaccination. This module also includes supporting materials such as implementation resources to facilitate the adoption of evidence into practice and performance measures to enable monitoring of uptake and effectiveness of recommendations.