bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes shuttle microRNAs to endometrial stromal fibroblasts that promote tissue proliferation /regeneration/ and inhibit differentiation
Authors: Bonavina Giulia , Mamillapalli Ramanaiah , Krikun Graciela , Zhou Yuping , Gawde Nimisha , Taylor Hugh S. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Human bone marrow-derived stem cells (hBMDSCs) are well characterized mediators of tissue repair and regeneration. An increasing body of evidence indicates that these cells exert their therapeutic effects largely through their paracrine actions rather than clonal expansion and differentiation. Here we studied the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) present in extracellular vesicles (EVs) from hBMDSCs in tissue regeneration and cell differentiation targeting endometrial stromal fibroblasts (eSF).

Methods
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are isolated from hBMDSCs, characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) techniques. Extracted total RNA from EVs was subjected to RNA seq analysis. Transfection and decidualization studies were carried out in endometrial stromal fibroblasts (eSF). Gene expression was analyzed by qRTPCR. Unpaired t-test with Welch’s correction was used for data analysis between two groups.

Results
We identified several microRNAs (miRNAs) that were highly expressed, including miR-21-5p, miR-100-5p, miR-143-3p and let7. MiR-21 is associated with several signaling pathways involved in tissue regeneration, quiescence, cellular senescence, and fibrosis. Both miR-100-5p and miR-143-3p promoted cell proliferation. MiR-100-5p specifically promoted regenerative processes by upregulating TGF-ß3, VEGFA, MMP7, and HGF. MiR-100-5p blocked differentiation or decidualization as evidenced by morphologic changes and downregulation of decidualization mediators including HOXA10, IGFBP1, PRL, PR-B, and PR.

Conclusion
EVs delivered to tissues by hBMDSCs contain specific miRNAs that prevent terminal differentiation and drive repair and regeneration. Delivery of microRNAs is a novel treatment paradigm with the potential to replace BMDSCs in cell-free regenerative therapies.
CityGML Grotto ADE for modelling niches in 3D with semantic information
Authors: Yang Su , Hou Miaole , Fan Hongchao 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The regions of East Asia, as well as South Asia and the Middle East are rich in cultural heritage of grottoes where a large number of Buddhist niches exist. Three-dimensional (3D) semantic modelling enriches 3D geometric models with an understanding of the historical and cultural value of cultural heritage, facilitating interoperability and analysis beyond mere visualization. 3D models with semantic information act as essential digital infrastructure for heritage management, knowledge dissemination and simulation analysis in cultural heritage. However, due to the lack of standardized data model for the grotto domain, it is difficult to exchange information, share knowledge and the advancement of spatial analysis and simulation. In order to fill the above-mentioned gap, this study develops a data model for niches as a CityGML Application Domain Extension (ADE) based on the CityGML 3.0 standard. In this ADE, niche components and their attributes are defined on two semantic levels, i.e., niche structural component and niche component member. A famous niche in China belonging to the World Heritage was selected as a case study to demonstrate the integration of geometries, semantics and attributes, illustrating that the extended ADE module complies with the CityGML 3.0 standard. This study provides novel insights into the 3D semantic modelling of niches as well as expands the applications scope of CityGML standard within the cultural heritage sector.
A numerical model for precursory time sequences of the phreatic eruptions of Mt. Ontake, central Japan
Authors: Maeda Yuta 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe 2014 phreatic eruption of Mt. Ontake was preceded by increased volcano-tectonic (VT) seismicity, but all other types of precursors were obscure. A subsurface process leading to eruption with few precursors has yet to be identified. This study performed numerical simulations to reproduce the precursory time sequence of the eruption. High-temperature water from a cooling magma reservoir was injected into a modeled porous medium filled with cold water. This resulted in an immediate pressure increase and a delayed temperature increase in the shallow parts. The pressure increased immediately because the injected fluid pushed the existing fluid away from the porous medium. A sharp boundary between low (initial)- and high (injected)-temperature regions, known as a thermal front, developed and migrated upward slowly, leading to a delayed temperature increase. The lag time between the pressure and temperature changes is likely responsible for the precursory VT seismicity. If the injected water temperature was less than the critical point, the water was liquid throughout the model region until the thermal front reached a shallow part, where the pressure was low enough for the heated water to vaporize. This vaporization was sudden and large, likely leading to a large eruption with few precursors, similar to the time sequence in 2014. If the injected water temperature was higher, the water volume increased gradually from liquid to supercritical and then to the gas state. This scenario likely led to a small eruption with numerous precursors, similar to the previous eruption of Mt. Ontake that occurred in 2007.
Graphical Abstract
Data-driven gating (DDG)-based motion match for improved CTAC registration
Authors: Cook Ella L. , Su Kuan-Hao , Higgins Geoff S. , Johnsen Robert , Bouhnik Jean-Paul , McGowan Daniel R. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Respiratory motion artefacts are a pitfall in thoracic PET/CT imaging. A source of these motion artefacts within PET images is the CT used for attenuation correction of the images. The arbitrary respiratory phase in which the helical CT ($$\hbox{CT}_{\text{helical}}$$

CT
helical

) is acquired often causes misregistration between PET and CT images, leading to inaccurate attenuation correction of the PET image. As a result, errors in tumour delineation or lesion uptake values can occur. To minimise the effect of motion in PET/CT imaging, a data-driven gating (DDG)-based motion match (MM) algorithm has been developed that estimates the phase of the $$\hbox{CT}_{\text{helical}}$$

CT
helical

, and subsequently warps this CT to a given phase of the respiratory cycle, allowing it to be phase-matched to the PET. A set of data was used which had four-dimensional CT (4DCT) acquired alongside PET/CT. The 4DCT allowed ground truth CT phases to be generated and compared to the algorithm-generated motion match CT (MMCT). Measurements of liver and lesion margin positions were taken across CT images to determine any differences and establish how well the algorithm performed concerning warping the $$\hbox{CT}_{\text{helical}}$$

CT
helical

to a given phase (end-of-expiration, EE).

Results
Whilst there was a minor significance in the liver measurement between the 4DCT and MMCT ($$p = 0.045$$

p
=
0.045

), no significant differences were found between the 4DCT or MMCT for lesion measurements ($$p = 1.0$$

p
=
1.0

). In all instances, the $$\hbox{CT}_{\text{helical}}$$

CT
helical

was found to be significantly different from the 4DCT ($$p < 0.001$$

p
<
0.001

). Consequently, the 4DCT and MMCT can be considered equivalent with respect to warped CT generation, showing the DDG-based MM algorithm to be successful.

Conclusion
The MM algorithm successfully enables the phase-matching of a $$\hbox{CT}_{\text{helical}}$$

CT
helical

to the EE of a ground truth 4DCT. This would reduce the motion artefacts caused by PET/CT registration without requiring additional patient dose (required for a 4DCT).
Application of artificial intelligence in hypertension
Authors: Cho Jung Sun , Park Jae-Hyeong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHypertension is an important modifiable risk factor for morbidity and mortality associated with cardiovascular disease. The incidence of hypertension is increasing not only in Korea but also in many Western countries due to the aging of the population and the increase in unhealthy lifestyles. However, hypertension control rates remain low due to poor adherence to antihypertensive medications, low awareness of hypertension, and numerous factors that contribute to hypertension, including diet, environment, lifestyle, obesity, and genetics. Because artificial intelligence (AI) involves data-driven algorithms, AI is an asset to understanding chronic diseases that are influenced by multiple factors, such as hypertension. Although several hypertension studies using AI have been published recently, most are exploratory descriptive studies that are often difficult for clinicians to understand and have little clinical relevance. This review aims to provide a clinician-centered perspective on AI by showing recent studies on the relevance of AI for patients with hypertension. The review is organized into sections on blood pressure measurement and hypertension diagnosis, prognosis, and management.
Graphical Abstract
Inclusivity in health professional education: how can virtual simulation foster attitudes of inclusion?
Authors: Edgar Amanda K. , Tai Joanna , Bearman Margaret 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDisparities in accessing quality healthcare persist among diverse populations. Health professional education should therefore promote more diversity in the health workforce, by fostering attitudes of inclusion. This paper outlines the potential of virtual simulation (VS), as one method in a system of health professional education, to promote inclusion and diversity. We conceptualise how VS can allow learners to experience an alternative to what HPE currently is by drawing on two social justice theorists, Paulo Freire, and Nancy Fraser and their ideas about ‘voice’ and ‘representation’. We present two principles for VS design and implementation: (1) giving voice to learners has the power to transform; and (2) representation in VS builds inclusion. We provide practical means of building voice and representation into VS learning activities, followed by an example. Purposeful and thoughtful integration of these principles paves the way for a more diverse and inclusive healthcare workforce.
Comprehensive visualization of bariatric surgery and gut microbiota research: a global analysis
Authors: Zyoud Sa’ed H. , Shakhshir Muna , Barqawi Abdelkarim , Abushanab Amani S. , Koni Amer , Khilfeh Shadi , Shahwan Moyad , Jairoun Ammar A. , Taha Adham Abu , Abushamma Faris , Al-Jabi Samah W. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
In recent years, there has been a noteworthy increase in research exploring the relationship between gut microbiota and bariatric surgery. This increase can be attributed to the growing recognition of the importance of gut microbiota in diverse health issues, such as obesity, and its alterations following bariatric surgery. Consequently, this study seeks to employ bibliometric analysis to show the current research landscape and identify key areas of focus for future investigations on the link between bariatric surgery and gut microbiota.

Methods
We conducted a comprehensive search of the Scopus database to gather literature concerning bariatric surgery and its impact on the gut microbiota. The search encompassed documents published between 2009 and 2023. To analyze the bibliometric data, we employed diverse metrics, including publication count, citation count, and evaluation of the performance of countries, institutions, and journals. Additionally, we utilized VOSviewer to visually present the findings.

Results
A total of 555 articles focused on the correlation between bariatric surgery and the gut microbiota. Original research articles constituted 55.32% of all publications on this topic, followed by reviews at 37.30%. The leading countries in terms of publication volume were the USA (n = 156; 28.11%), China (n = 73; 13.15%), and the UK (n = 52; 9.37%). Co-occurrence analysis highlighted three main clusters of research topics: (1) the impact of bariatric surgery on the gut microbiota composition in relation to obesity remission, (2) the relationship between glucose metabolism, circulating bile acids, gut hormones, and gut microbiome remodeling, and (3) the connections between alterations in the gut microbiota and insulin resistance.

Conclusions
Ongoing research has investigated the connection between bariatric surgery and the gut microbiota, providing new perspectives on metabolic improvements after surgery. Further studies are necessary to comprehensively grasp how bariatric procedures influence the gut microbiota and to formulate precise interventions aimed at optimizing the health advantages of surgery.
Distinct mechanisms of attentional suppression: exploration of trait factors underlying cued- and learned-suppression
Authors: Chidharom Matthieu , Carlisle Nancy B. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAttention allows us to focus on relevant information while ignoring distractions. Effective suppression of distracting information is crucial for efficient visual search. Recent studies have developed two paradigms to investigate attentional suppression: cued-suppression which is based on top-down control, and learned-suppression which is based on selection history. While both types of suppression reportedly engage proactive control, it remains unclear whether they rely on shared mechanisms. This study aimed to determine the relationship between cued- and learned-suppression. In a within-subjects design, 54 participants performed a cued-suppression task where pre-cues indicated upcoming target or distractor colors, and a learned-suppression task where a salient color distractor was present or absent. No significant correlation emerged between performance in the two tasks, suggesting distinct suppression mechanisms. Cued-suppression correlated with visual working memory capacity, indicating reliance on explicit control. In contrast, learned-suppression correlated with everyday distractibility, suggesting implicit control based on regularities. These results provide evidence for heterogeneous proactive control mechanisms underlying cued- and learned-suppression. While both engage inhibition, cued-suppression relies on deliberate top-down control modulated by working memory, whereas learned-suppression involves implicit suppression shaped by selection history and distractibility traits.
Leveraging virtual datasets to investigate the interplay of pollinators, protected areas, and SDG 15
Authors: Whipple Sarah , Moss Stefan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBiodiversity loss amplifies the need for taxonomic understanding at global, regional, and local scales. The United Nations Environmental Programme Sustainable Development Goals are explicit in their demand for greater accountability with respect to ecosystem management, and Sustainable Development Goal 15, Life on Land, specifically calls for a halt to biodiversity loss. Pollinators (bees and butterflies) are two functional groups with public attention for protection, yet little long-term data availability. National Parks, including those in the United States, act as optimal sites to study biodiversity loss, but historic data tends to vary in availability. This study addresses systematic taxonomic and digitalization biases present within historic (museum), modern (citizen science), and non-digitized (private collection) datasets for Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks from 1900 to 2021. We find that, although database record availability is representative of butterfly and bumble bee groups known for the area, categories such as data rescue, digitalization/availability, and management/archiving vary across database types. These findings on virtual datasets offer opportunities for conservationists to understand the efficacy of digitized collections in addressing questions of species loss over time, including the strengths and pitfalls of digitized data repositories. Additionally, virtual datasets can be utilized to monitor biodiversity under Sustainable Development Goal 15 targets while also promoting broader access to resources such as museum collections for educational purposes.
A novel approach for preparing aldehyde-free melamine resin and investigation of its retanning performance
Authors: Zhang Chi , Zhou Ji-bo , Sun Nan , Liao Xue-pin , Shi Bi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMelamine resin (MR), traditionally synthesized using melamine and formaldehyde, is widely used in the leather industry. However, the emission of free formaldehyde poses a significant challenge for conventional MR. To address the issues of aldehyde in MR, extensive research has been conducted. This paper introduces a novel aldehyde-free MR (LTSL) retanning agent synthesized using cyanuric chloride, l-lysine, and sodium sulfanilate. The chemical structure of LTSL was analyzed via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The presence of amino, carboxyl, and sulfonic acid groups in LTSL enhanced its storability and imparted LTSL with an amphoteric character. The isoelectric point of LTSL was optimized to reach 4.37, and LTSL exhibited an appropriate size distribution with an average particle size of 254.17 nm and achieved high absorption rates of 87.77% and 95.84% for retanning and fatliquoring agents, respectively. Consequently, the thickness rate of LTSL reached up to 37%, with no detectable formaldehyde. Notably, LTSL also demonstrated excellent physical and mechanical properties, primarily attributed to the coordination and electrostatic interactions between the chrome-tanned collagen fiber and amino/carboxyl groups in LTSL. This research presents an innovative approach for developing an aldehyde-free MR retanning agent, significantly contributing to the sustainable development of leather manufacturing.
Graphical Abstract
Preparation and characterization of self-aggregating micelles from stearic acid-modified burdock root polysaccharide
Authors: Zhang Chenchen , Wang Hongjuan , Zhang Yan , Song Jiangfeng , Li Ying 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn order to obtain amphiphilic polysaccharide self-assembly micelles, the hydrophobic modification by grafting stearic acid (SA) onto the backbone of burdock root polysaccharide (BRP) was carried out and its main physicochemical properties were characterized. The results showed that the optimal esterification conditions were as follows: reaction time of 2 h, reaction temperature of 55 ℃, system pH of 8.0 and the SA addition of 4 mmol, a maximum substitution degree (DS) of the esterification products was obtained as 0.1012. The FTIR analysis verified that the modified polysaccharide successfully introduced the ester carbonyl group. 1H NMR spectra further confirmed that the esterification reaction occurred. The SA-modified BRP micelles were roughly spherical with uniform dispersion and the particle size was in the range of 259–352 nm, which showed a negative correlation with the DS. The solubility of the esterification products also decreased. The smaller critical micelle concentration (CMC) led to easier formation of self-aggregating micelles and stronger solubilization effect. The above results indicated that SA-modified BRP as a novel carrier material possessed potential to deliver hydrophobic active substances.
Graphical Abstract
Platelet indices as a predictive marker in neonates with respiratory distress
Authors: Abdelrashid Sarah , Aref Manar 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
The neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) frequently gets admissions due to respiratory distress (RD). Platelet indices are a beneficial biomarker in order to gauge the severity of neonatal RD. We aimed to assess platelet indices as a potential predictor in neonates with RD.

Methods
This prospective research involved 120 neonates who had been admitted to the NICU with evidence of RD. On admission and after respiratory support was reduced; a complete blood count (CBC) was performed to determine platelet count (PC), mean platelet volume (MPV), plateletcrit (PCT), platelet distribution width (PDW), platelet mass index (PMI), and platelet large cell ratio (PLCR).

Results
MPV and PDW were significantly higher after respiratory support reduction. PC and PMI were significantly higher in neonates exhibiting moderate and severe distress. PC of 276.5*109/L had the highest degree of predictability of RD severity (area under curve (AUC) 0.762, sensitivity 81.5%, specificity 64.3%), 95% confidence interval (0.7–0.9), while PMI of 2473.5 fL/nL was the best cut-off point to predict severity of RD (AUC 0.663, sensitivity 63%, specificity 57.1%) 95% confidence interval (0.6–0.8). There was a significant difference in the average PC between different oxygen modes.

Conclusion
Higher PMI and PC are associated with moderate and severe RD and can be used to predict the severity of neonatal RD.
Automated breast ultrasound in breast cancer screening of mammographically dense breasts: added values
Authors: Gouda Walaa , Yasin Rabab , Yasin Mohamed Ibrahim , Omar Suzan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Full-field digital mammography (FFDM) is the primary screening method for breast cancer, yet the number of cancers that can be missed with mammography is considerable, notably in female with dense breast. In this study, we compared the diagnostic yield and the clinical significance of FFDM for breast cancer detection in female with dense breasts versus its performance when complemented by automated breast ultrasound (ABUS).

Results
This retrospective study was performed during the period between January 2022 and December 2022 including 500 females with dense breast (ACR C&D), who underwent screening using FFDM and ABUS. The images were retrospectively interpreted, and statistical assessments were done comparing the FFDM results alone and after complemented with ABUS. Significance was considered at a p value less than 0.05. The use of FFDM with supplemental ABUS has reduced the numbers of recall and showed improved breast cancer detection with increased positive predictive value (from 74.5 to 83.5%). In comparison, using FFDM alone and associated with ABUS, there was moderate agreement with a kappa test of 0.51; p < 0.001.

Conclusion
ABUS can be a useful and powerful diagnostic imaging tool when adjunct to FFDM for screening of dense breast. In this study, ABUS showed less false-negative results and improved the sensitivity of cancer detection.