bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A preliminary investigation into the feasibility of laser ablation U–Pb isotope ratio measurement via all‐faraday cup detection with 1011‐ and 1013‐Ω amplifiers on the Neoma multicollector‐inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometer
Authors: Zirakparvar N. Alex , Manard Benjamin T. , Dunlap Daniel , Hexel Cole R. 
Published: June 2024

RationaleSignal detection for uranium–lead (U–Pb) dating of zircon is typically performed via ion counters. Here, we develop a preliminary understanding of the strengths and limitations of faraday‐cup‐based detection.MethodsA suite of zircon reference materials and the NIST‐610 glass were sampled using laser ablation followed by U–Pb isotope ratio measurement on a Neoma multicollector‐inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometer.ResultsWe were able to produce geologically accurate 207Pb/206Pb, 206Pb/238U, and 207Pb/235U ratios for the NIST‐610 glass and the zircon standards, with ages ranging from ~2.5 Ga to ~337 Ma (TanBrown A, Oracle, 91550, Mud Tank, Temora, and Plešovice). Two of the younger zircon standards examined (94‐35, ~55.6 Ma, and Fish Canyon, 28.6 Ma) yielded accurate 206Pb/238U but not 207Pb/235U or 207Pb/206Pb ratios, whereas the youngest zircon standard (Penglai, ~4.4 Ma) failed for all three ratios of interest. The accuracy and precision of the all‐faraday method are directly tied to signal intensity, with reliable data capable of being produced even when both isotopes in a ratio have signals below ~0.001 V (equivalent to ~62 500 cps on an ion counter).ConclusionThe all‐faraday cup multicollection method provides sufficient sensitivity to obtain geologically meaningful U–Pb data, with possible advantages being that laser pit depth‐dependent changes in the observed interelemental fractionation behavior may be easier to correct using a static collector configuration compared to when the ion beam is swept across a single detector while also removing the need for an interdetector‐type calibration. Further work is needed to refine the all‐faraday cup method (e.g., application of background subtraction and common Pb corrections, outlier removal, and interelement as well as down‐hole fractionation corrections), but our initial results demonstrate that the faraday detector method has sufficient sensitivity to warrant further study.
Formation flight approach and experiment for multiple quadrotor drones with optical motion capture localization system
Authors: Li Junlong , Xi Jianxiang , Wang Cheng , Guo Zichun , Liu Hao , Zheng Yuanshi 
Published: June 2024

SummaryThe formation category for multiple quadrotor drones with the distributed formation protocol is addressed. By exploiting an indoor optical motion capture location system, the formation flight experiment for practical multiple quadrotor drones is performed. Firstly, by decoupling the relationship of the outer and inner loop models, the control loop of a quadrotor drone is divided into the outer position and velocity loop and inner attitude loop, and the distributed formation protocol is constructed by outer‐loop states, where the neighboring relationship term and the formation registration term can regulate formation errors and the whole motion trajectory of multiple quadrotor drones, respectively. The self‐feedback mechanism of the quadrotor drone is introduced to regulate the motion trajectory of whole formation. Then, formation achievability criteria for multiple quadrotor drones are proposed, where two control gains are determined in an analytic form, and the whole motion trajectory for multiple quadrotor drones is presented. Finally, a formation achievement algorithm is proposed, where the formation protocol is implemented by the inner‐loop attitude control of each quadrotor drone, and a formation flight experiment is performed to show the effectiveness of theoretical results.
A modified exponential reaching law for sliding mode control and its applications
Authors: Hu Mingyuan , Ahn Hyeongki , Park Jihoon , You Kwanho 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study utilized a sliding mode control (SMC) technique combined with modified exponential reaching law to address the control of a nonlinear system. The introduced adaptive reaching law enables the system trajectories to converge rapidly toward the origin, surpassing the convergence speed achieved by the existing reaching laws. By employing the suggested reaching law, the SMC exhibits remarkable performance while effectively mitigating chattering. Furthermore, the proposed reaching law enables the system trajectories to converge rapidly toward the origin, surpassing the convergence speed achieved by the existing reaching laws. This article includes simulation results and a comparison with other predominantly existing approaches to highlight the superior performance of the proposed reaching law.
Electrochemical visualization of latent fingerprints using polyphenazine dyes on brass cartridges
Authors: Hermochová Sára , Hlavín Petr , Novotný Michal , Vrňata Martin , Broncová Gabriela 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis work is focused on the visualization of latent fingerprints left on unfired brass cartridges. Polymer films were prepared from 2 mM neutral red or 5 mM toluidine blue using two different electrochemical methods (cyclic voltammetry or chronoamperometry) with relatively short polymerization times. The conditions for the deposition of conductive polymers, poly(neutral red) and poly(toluidine blue), from a neutral medium (phosphate buffer with 0.1 M KNO3 or 0.1 M KNO3, respectively) were optimized to produce high-quality visualization of the remaining fingerprints on the brass substrates. The surface morphology and quality of the polymer films after the electrochemical deposition of both polyphenazine dyes were characterized by stereomicroscope. Phenazine dyes, which were used for the visualization of fingerprints, have been shown to provide different degrees of homogeneity in the deposited film. Furthermore, the dependence of the stability of the monomer solutions on their age, use, and storage conditions are discussed. Finally, a methodology is proposed for how to apply this technique of visualizing latent fingerprints with observed details of papillary lines in forensic practice.
Graphical abstract
Creatine homeostasis and the kidney: comparison between kidney transplant recipients and healthy controls
Authors: Post Adrian , Groothof Dion , Kremer Daan , Knobbe Tim J. , Abma Willem , Koops Christa A. , Tsikas Dimitrios , Wallimann Theo , Dullaart Robin P.F. , Franssen Casper F.M. , Kema Ido P. , Heiner-Fokkema M. Rebecca , Bakker Stephan J.L. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCreatine is a natural nitrogenous organic acid that is integral to energy metabolism and crucial for proper cell functioning. The kidneys are involved in the first step of creatine production. With kidney transplantation being the gold-standard treatment for end-stage kidney disease, kidney transplant recipients (KTR) may be at risk of impaired creatine synthesis. We aimed to compare creatine homeostasis between KTR and controls. Plasma and urine concentrations of arginine, glycine, guanidinoacetate, creatine and creatinine were measured in 553 KTR and 168 healthy controls. Creatine intake was assessed using food frequency questionnaires. Iothalamate-measured GFR data were available in subsets of 157 KTR and 167 controls. KTR and controls had comparable body weight, height and creatine intake (all P > 0.05). However, the total creatine pool was 14% lower in KTR as compared to controls (651 ± 178 vs. 753 ± 239 mmol, P < 0.001). The endogenous creatine synthesis rate was 22% lower in KTR as compared to controls (7.8 ± 3.0 vs. 10.0 ± 4.1 mmol per day, P < 0.001). Despite lower GFR, the plasma guanidinoacetate and creatine concentrations were 21% and 41% lower in KTR as compared to controls (both P < 0.001). Urinary excretion of guanidinoacetate and creatine were 66% and 59% lower in KTR as compared to controls (both P < 0.001). In KTR, but not in controls, a higher measured GFR was associated with a higher endogenous creatine synthesis rate (std. beta: 0.21, 95% CI: 0.08; 0.33; P = 0.002), as well as a higher total creatine pool (std. beta: 0.22, 95% CI: 0.11; 0.33; P < 0.001). These associations were fully mediated (93% and 95%; P < 0.001) by urinary guanidinoacetate excretion which is consistent with production of the creatine precursor guanidinoacetate as rate-limiting factor. Our findings highlight that KTR have a disturbed creatine homeostasis as compared to controls. Given the direct relationship of measured GFR with endogenous creatine synthesis rate and the total creatine pool, creatine supplementation might be beneficial in KTR with low kidney function.Trial registration ID: NCT02811835.Trial registration URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02811835.
Particle-based modelling of laser powder bed fusion of metals with emphasis on the melting mode transition
Authors: Bierwisch Claas , Dietemann Bastien , Najuch Tim 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe laser-beam powder bed fusion process for metals, commonly abbreviated as PBF-LB/M, is a widely used process for the additive manufacturing of parts. Numerical simulations are useful to identify optimal process parameters for different materials and to obtain detailed insights into process dynamics. The present work uses a single-phase incompressible Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) scheme to model PBF-LB/M which was found to reduce the required computational time and significantly stabilize the partially violent flow in the melt pool in comparison to a weakly compressible SPH approach. The laser-material interaction is realistically modelled by means of a ray tracing method. An approach to model the effective thermal coductivity of the powder bed is proposed. Excellent agreement between the simulation results and experimental X-ray analyses of the transition from conduction melting mode to keyhole mode including geometric properties of the vapor depression zone was found. These results prove the usability of SPH as a high precision simulation tool for PBF-LB/M.
Graphic abstract
Is There a Foreign Language Effect on Workplace Bribery Susceptibility? Evidence from a Randomized Controlled Vignette Experiment
Authors: Fitzgerald Jack , Stroet Paul , Weißmüller Kristina S. , van Witteloostuijn Arjen 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Theory and evidence from the behavioral science literature suggest that the widespread and rising use of lingua francas in the workplace may impact the ethical decision-making of individuals who must use foreign languages at work. We test the impact of foreign language usage on individuals’ susceptibility to bribery in workplace settings using a vignette-based randomized controlled trial in a Dutch student sample. Results suggest that there is not even a small foreign language effect on workplace bribery susceptibility. We combine traditional null hypothesis significance testing with equivalence testing methods novel to the business ethics literature that can provide statistically significant evidence of bounded or null relationships between variables. These tests suggest that the foreign language effect on workplace bribery susceptibility is bounded below even small effect sizes. Post hoc analyses provide evidence suggesting fruitful further routes of experimental research into bribery.
The tearing energy threshold of crack growth in rubber exposed to ozone: an experimental–numerical approach
Authors: Peter Ondřej , Stěnička Martin , Heinrich Gert , Robertson Christopher G. , Pawlas Jakub , Stoček Radek , Ondrík Jan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe global rubber industry is seeking alternatives to the widely-used antiozonant, N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD), due to its environmental toxicity concerns when used in automobile tires. These substantial research and development efforts on new antiozonants for rubber are hindered by a general inability to characterize the fundamental physical parameter of ozone-induced tearing energy threshold for crack growth, which underlies the practical ozone resistance of rubber products. Therefore, this paper presents, for the first time, a novel experimental–numerical combined approach to determine the tearing energy threshold in rubber exposed to ozone, which is a key criterion for assessing the resistance of rubber to ozone crack growth. The approach is based on in-situ optical analysis of ozone crack growth on the rubber surface and the determination of the crack growth rate when the rubber is stretched. Subsequently, the growth rates form the basis for calculating the energy release rates at the crack tips using the finite element method in Ansys software. By comparing the calculated energy release rates and experimentally measured crack growth rates, the energy release rate interval corresponding to the threshold tearing energy is determined. Based on this approach, the tearing energy threshold for carbon black reinforced natural rubber exposed to ozone was found to be a maximum of 2.12 J/m2. This value is 96% lower than the threshold for the non-ozone-exposed specimens. In conclusion, this novel methodology was able to determine the ozone threshold tearing energy and represents a powerful, unique tool for an efficient future development of environmentally friendly antiozonants.
What Factors Contribute to Effective Online Higher Education? A Meta-Review
Authors: van Dorresteijn Chevy , Fajardo-Tovar Dina , Pareja Roblin Natalie , Cornelissen Frank , Meij Monique , Voogt Joke , Volman Monique 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAlthough much research has focused on factors that contribute to effective online education in higher education (HE), insights remain scattered. In this study, we provide a more holistic perspective on how to facilitate effective online HE by concurrently examining factors that were hitherto treated separately. In our meta-review, we synthesized insights from 47 literature reviews and meta-analyses published between 2010 and 2022 concerning factors that contribute to effective online HE. Factors were identified at the level of the course (i.e., a clear structure; challenging, authentic, and inclusive learning activities; high-quality online interaction; and multiple assessment formats), student (i.e., high self-regulation skills, sufficient digital literacy, and a positive attitude towards online education), teacher (i.e., online teaching competences and professional development opportunities), and institution (i.e., an institution-wide vision on online education, adequate technological infrastructure, and accommodating student and teacher support). Further research is needed to better understand how these factors may interact with each other.
Evaluating ChatGPT-4V in chest CT diagnostics: a critical image interpretation assessment
Authors: Dehdab Reza , Brendlin Andreas , Werner Sebastian , Almansour Haidara , Gassenmaier Sebastian , Brendel Jan Michael , Nikolaou Konstantin , Afat Saif 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To assess the diagnostic accuracy of ChatGPT-4V in interpreting a set of four chest CT slices for each case of COVID-19, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and control cases, thereby evaluating its potential as an AI tool in radiological diagnostics.

Materials and methods
In this retrospective study, 60 CT scans from The Cancer Imaging Archive, covering COVID-19, NSCLC, and control cases were analyzed using ChatGPT-4V. A radiologist selected four CT slices from each scan for evaluation. ChatGPT-4V’s interpretations were compared against the gold standard diagnoses and assessed by two radiologists. Statistical analyses focused on accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV), along with an examination of the impact of pathology location and lobe involvement.

Results
ChatGPT-4V showed an overall diagnostic accuracy of 56.76%. For NSCLC, sensitivity was 27.27% and specificity was 60.47%. In COVID-19 detection, sensitivity was 13.64% and specificity of 64.29%. For control cases, the sensitivity was 31.82%, with a specificity of 95.24%. The highest sensitivity (83.33%) was observed in cases involving all lung lobes. The chi-squared statistical analysis indicated significant differences in Sensitivity across categories and in relation to the location and lobar involvement of pathologies.

Conclusion
ChatGPT-4V demonstrated variable diagnostic performance in chest CT interpretation, with notable proficiency in specific scenarios. This underscores the challenges of cross-modal AI models like ChatGPT-4V in radiology, pointing toward significant areas for improvement to ensure dependability. The study emphasizes the importance of enhancing these models for broader, more reliable medical use.
Resistance and susceptibility of different Barbarea (Brassicaceae) species and types to cabbage whitefly (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) and cabbage white butterfly (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)
Authors: Badenes-Pérez Francisco Rubén 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSeveral Barbarea spp. (Brassicaceae) have been tested as trap crops for the diamondback moth Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). The use of trap crops can be affected by their susceptibility to other pests, especially if the purpose is to reduce insecticide use. Barbarea rupicola Moris, B. verna (Mill.) Asch., and B. vulgaris Aiton (types G and P) (Brassicaceae) were tested for their susceptibility to the cabbage whitefly Aleyrodes proletella L. (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). The percentage of plants showing infestation by cabbage whiteflies ranged from 50% in G-type B. vulgaris and 8.3% in B. verna to no infestation at all in B. rupicola and P-type B. vulgaris. On the other hand, 95.8% of P-type plants showed symptoms of powdery mildew, Erysiphe cruciferarum Opiz ex L. Junell (Erysiphales: Erysiphaceae), while the G type and the other Barbarea spp. were unaffected by this pathogen. Additionally, the G and P types were used in two-choice oviposition preference tests to compare their attractiveness to the small white butterfly Pieris rapae L. (Lepidoptera: Pieridae). No significant differences in total oviposition per plant were found between the two types, but within-plant differences show that the small white butterfly prefers to oviposit on the adaxial leaf side in the P type. This study indicates that in locations where the cabbage whitefly is an economic pest, B. verna, which can also be used as a dead-end trap crop for the diamondback moth, could be chosen over G-type B. vulgaris.
High-Temperature Rheometric and Melting Experiments of Refining-Type Ladle Slag Systems
Authors: Ślęzak Marta , Migas Piotr , Czech Adam Wojciech 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRefining ladle slags play an irreplaceable role in the production technology of appropriate quality steel of a given assumed grade. Without good slag, there is no high-quality steel. In this work, we have analyzed the behavior of the slag-forming powder used in industrial conditions, forming a typical refining slag system. The slag-forming powder, Al2O3-SiO2-CaO-MgO-Fe2O3, was examined using a microscope and a high-temperature rheometer. Rheometrical tests were carried out in variable shear conditions, at shear rates of 3–30 s−1 and temperatures in the range of 1451–1500°C. In addition, thermodynamic calculations were performed using FactSage 7.3 databases. Based on the tests performed and the results obtained, it can be concluded that it is impossible to perform rheometric tests of basic slag-forming powder in the analyzed conditions of chemical composition and temperature. In order to obtain rheological characteristics, a slag-forming powder, CaO, was added, modeling the refining slag system. Such a modification of the chemical composition gave the opportunity to perform experiments in the liquid and semi-liquid state.
Targeted Therapies in Low-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancers
Authors: Gonzalez Anna , Nagel Christa I. , Haight Paulina J. 
Published: June 2024

Opinion StatementLow grade serous carcinoma of the ovary has been delineated as a separate entity from its counterpart high grade serous carcinoma of the ovary. Molecular profiling has helped to further characterize this disease process and has led to new and exciting treatment options. Surgery has always been a cornerstone of management both in primary and recurrent disease settings. Chemotherapy has been a long-standing backbone of adjuvant treatment, but its efficacy continues to be questioned. Hormonal therapy for upfront and recurrent disease is an effective treatment option with a high response rate and minimal side effects. Newer therapies including MEK, CDK 4/6, and PI3KCA inhibitors have emerged as exciting options for recurrent disease. Ongoing clinical trials will hopefully lead to additional therapeutic opportunities based on novel biomarkers in this disease.
Allergic Conjunctivitis Management: Update on Ophthalmic Solutions
Authors: Leonardi Andrea , Quintieri Luigi , Presa Ignacio Jáuregui , LLoves Jesús Merayo , Montero Jesús , Benítez-del-Castillo José Manuel , Lestón Francisco Javier Seoane , González-Mancebo Eloína , Asero Riccardo , Groblewska Anna , Kuna Piotr 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
The aim of this review, is to present an updated revision of topical management of SAC and PAC, based on the available scientific evidence and focused on the impact of ophthalmic solution formulations on eye surface.

Recent Findings
Physicians treating ocular allergy should be aware of tear film and tear film disruption in SAC and PAC, and how eye drop composition and additives affect the physiology of the allergic eye.

Summary
Seasonal and perennial allergic conjunctivitis (SAC and PAC) are the most frequent causes of ocular allergy (OA), and both conditions are underdiagnosed and undertreated. SAC and PAC are immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated hypersensitivity reactions. The additional tear film disruption caused by the release of inflammatory mediators increases and exacerbates the impact of signs and symptoms and may trigger damage of the ocular surface. Comorbidities are frequent, and dry eye disease in particular must be considered. Clinical guidelines for the management of SAC and PAC recommend topical therapy with antihistamines, mast cells stabilizers or dualaction agents as first-line treatment, but care should be taken, as many medications contain other compounds that may contribute to ocular surface damage.
“Be Dog Have Fun”: Narratives of Discovery, Meaning, and Motivation among Members of the Pup Subculture
Authors: Hammack Phillip L. , Wignall Liam 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe twenty-first century has seen the proliferation of new sexual identity subcultures rooted in creative role-play dynamics, expanding our cultural and scientific understanding of diversity in sexuality and intimacy. In an international sample of 568 people who identified with the kink subculture of pup play, we analyzed responses to open-ended questions about the discovery of pup play and communities, definitions of pup play, and motivations for engagement. Four themes were identified: (1) social technologies as central to discovery of the subculture; (2) constructionist accounts of pup identity development emerging from relationships and exposure to other kink communities; (3) individual psychological benefits of subculture participation, including stress relief, relaxation, and pleasure; and (4) social psychological benefits in identity and community building. We situate these findings in relation to the expansion of diversity in sexual identity and intimacy in the twenty-first century, facilitated by the heightened visibility and opportunities for social and intimate creativity which have accompanied the growth of social media and exposure to new sexual stories.