bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of Lippia origanoides Kunth in diabetic rats
Authors: Miranda Vinicius Carvalho , Pereira Yago Luis Gonçalves , da Paz Allane Patricia Santos , de Souza Keyla Rodrigues , da Silva Márcia Cristina Freitas , Muto Nilton Akio , Monteiro Patrick Romano , Santos Agenor Valadares , Hamoy Moises , de Medeiros Maria das Graças Freire , do Carmo Iolanda Souza , Silva Maria Eduarda Moraes , de Sousa Lima Neto José , de Mello Vanessa Jóia 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDiabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder commonly associated with atherosclerosis. Plants with therapeutic potential, such as Lippia origanoides Kunth, emerge as effective alternatives for treating these diseases. Therefore, this work aims to analyze the antihyperglycemic and antidyslipidemic potential of the hydroalcoholic extract of Lippia origanoides Kunth (ELo) in alloxan‐diabetic rats. Animals were treated orally: normal control, hyperglycemic control, positive control glibenclamide (5 mg/kg), and groups treated with ELo (75, 150, and 250 mg/kg). Preclinical evaluation of ELo showed hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, hepatic, and renal protective effects. At all doses, ELo significantly reduced hyperglycemia, triglycerides, total cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein, atherogenic index, atherogenic coefficient, and cardiovascular risk index (p < .05). Elo at different doses promoted an increase in insulin release compared to untreated animals (p < .05) and showed α‐glucosidase inhibitory activity (p < .05). Also, ELo (250 mg/kg group) showed maximum reduction of hyperglycemia, alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, malonaldehyde, and urea compared to the hyperglycemic and glibenclamide groups, and creatinine only compared to the hyperglycemic groups (p < .05). The promising action of ELo in the context of diabetes may be related to the synergistic action of flavonoid compounds identified in liquid chromatography, whose pharmacological capabilities have already been documented in previous studies. The mechanisms may be the stimulation of insulin release; the inhibitory activity of α‐glucosidase; improving general clinical conditions; and the antioxidant effects of the extract. These findings pave the way for the future development of an herbal presentation of L. origanoides Kunth as a hypoglycemic and cardiovascular protector with a lipid‐lowering effect.
Alberta reconstructive technique (ART): An innovative approach using digital surgical design and simulation in advanced jaw reconstruction with occlusion‐based prefabricated vascularized fibular flaps and primary osseointegrated implant installation
Authors: Nayar Suresh , Logan Heather , Wolfaardt Johan , Osswald Martin , O'Connell Daniel , Grosvenor Andrew , Seikaly Hadi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe Alberta reconstructive technique (ART) is an innovative surgical procedure performed on patients undergoing primary jaw resection and reconstruction. The ART procedure was developed in collaboration with the Institute for Reconstructive Sciences in Medicine and the Division of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of Alberta.
Investigation of heat exchanger tube fitted with triangular perforated nail head twisted‐tape inserts
Authors: Singh Mohan , Kumar Amit , Kumar Arun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA numerical investigation of the Nusselt number, heat transfer augmentation efficiency, and friction factor in a laminar flow tube with triangular perforated nail head twisted tape (TPNHTT) is reported using ANSYS 19.2 Fluent. The effects of triangular cut (each side 3 mm) in the middle pitch of the tape along the height, diameter, and top diameter of the nail head (10, 2, and 2.5 mm, respectively) have been explored for (300 ≤ Re ≤ 1800) in a tube of 22 mm diameter. In this paper, implementation has been done with a TPNHTT varying width (14 ≤ b ≤ 20) twist ratio (TR) ranging from (3 ≤ TR ≤ 6), inserts in a tube for laminar flow. Twisted tape (TT) produces a swirl flow associated with fluid resulting in heat transfer enhancement and pressure drop characteristics other than that for the plain tube (PT). The performance of the Nusselt number and friction factor increased up to 123.62% and 495.30%, respectively, on the application of TPNHTT as compared with PT. A maximum thermal performance efficiency of 2.98 has been achieved using the twisted‐tape ratio of the current tube in laminar flow at a Reynolds number of 1700. In addition, correlation equations (11) and (12) have been developed for the friction factor and Nusselt number valid for 300 ≤ Re ≤ 1800, 14 ≤ b ≤ 20, and 3 ≤ TR ≤ 6. The study has proved that applying TT is an upgraded approach for laminar convection heat transfer. This novel work finding will be supportive for researchers to design the latest heat exchangers.
A numerical investigation for the development of functionally graded Ti/HA tibial implant for total ankle replacement: Influence of material gradation law and volume fraction index
Authors: Jyoti  , Ghosh Rajesh 
Published: May 2024

AbstractStress shielding is one of the major concerns for total ankle replacement implants nowadays, because it is responsible for implant‐induced bone resorption. The bone resorption contributes to the aseptic loosening and failure of ankle implants in later stages. To reduce the stress shielding, improvements can be made in the implant material by decreasing the elastic mismatch between the implant and the tibia bone. This study proposes a new functionally graded material (FGM) based tibial implant for minimizing the problem of stress shielding. Three‐dimensional finite element (FE) models of the intact tibia and the implanted tibiae were created to study the influence of material gradation law and volume fraction index on stress shielding and implant‐bone micromotion. Different implant materials were considered that is, cobalt–chromium, titanium (Ti), and FGM with Ti at the bottom and hydroxyapatite (HA) at the top. The FE models of FGM implants were generated by using different volume fractions and the rule of mixtures. The rule of mixtures was used to calculate the FGM properties based on the local volume fraction. The volume fraction was defined by using exponential, power, and sigmoid laws. For the power and sigmoid law varying volume fraction indices (0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, and 5) were considered. The geometry resembling STAR® ankle system tibial implant was considered for the present study. The results indicate that FGMs lower stress shielding but also marginally increase implant‐bone micromotion; however, the values were within the acceptable limit for bone ingrowth. It is observed that the material gradation law and volume fraction index influence the performance of FGM tibial implants. The tibial implant composed of FGM using power law with a volume fraction index of 0.1 was the preferred option because it showed the least stress shielding.
Meniscal healing status after medial meniscus posterior root repair negatively correlates with a midterm increase in medial meniscus extrusion
Authors: Kawada Koki , Furumatsu Takayuki , Yokoyama Yusuke , Higashihara Naohiro , Tamura Masanori , Ozaki Toshifumi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPurposeThe second‐look arthroscopic score of pullout repair for medial meniscus posterior root tears (MMPRTs) is associated with contemporaneous clinical scores and progression of cartilage damage. However, the relationship among these scores, midterm clinical scores and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluations is unknown. The relationship between the second‐look arthroscopic score at 1 year and the clinical scores or MRI at 3 years was evaluated.MethodsSixty‐three patients were included. Medial meniscus extrusion (MME) was evaluated preoperatively and at 3 years postoperatively. Clinical scores were evaluated preoperatively, and 1 and 3 years postoperatively. Meniscal healing status was assessed using the semiquantitative second‐look arthroscopic score at 1 year postoperatively. Correlation coefficients between patient characteristics, postoperative clinical scores or second‐look arthroscopic score and the change in MME (ΔMME) were evaluated. Multiple regression analysis was performed on the ΔMME to evaluate the effects of patient characteristics and second‐look arthroscopic scores.ResultsNo significant correlation was observed between patient characteristics and ΔMME. In contrast, a significant correlation was found between the second‐look arthroscopic score and ΔMME (p < 0.001) and visual analogue scale pain score (p = 0.016) at 3 years postoperatively. In the subitems of the second‐look arthroscopic score, width (p < 0.001) and stability (p = 0.009) scores also showed significant correlations with ΔMME. Multiple regression analysis showed a significant association between the second‐look arthroscopic score and ΔMME (p = 0.001).ConclusionsThe second‐look arthroscopic score at 1 year postoperatively correlated with the ΔMME and clinical score at 3 years postoperatively. Second‐look arthroscopic scores predict midterm meniscal function after pullout repair of MMPRTs.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.
Skull Density Ratio as Arm‐Allocation Parameter for a Controlled Focused Ultrasound Trial in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Pineda‐Pardo José Angel , Martínez‐Fernández Raul , Natera‐Villalba Elena , Ruiz‐Yanzi Agustina , Rodríguez‐Rojas Rafael , Del Alamo Marta , Jiménez‐Castellanos Tamara , Matarazzo Michele , Gasca‐Salas Carmen , Rascol Olivier , Obeso José A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundMR‐guided focused ultrasound (FUS) thermoablation is an established therapy for movement disorders. FUS candidates must meet a predefined threshold of skull density ratio (SDR), a parameter that accounts for the efficiency in reaching ablative temperatures. Randomized sham‐controlled trials to provide definitive therapeutic evidence employ pure randomization of subjects into active treatment or control arms. The latter design has several general limitations.ObjectiveTo demonstrate that SDR values are not associated with clinically and demographically relevant variables in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). This in turn would allow using SDR as an arm‐allocation parameter, separating patients who will receive active FUS treatment and best medical management treatment (BMT).MethodsWe studied a cohort of 215 PD patients who were candidates for FUS subthalamotomy to determine if the SDR was correlated with demographic or clinical variables that could introduce bias for group allocation in a controlled trial.ResultsSDR was unassociated with age, gender, and clinical motor features nor with levodopa daily dose in our cohort of PD patients. A negative association with age was found for the female subgroup.ConclusionsOur results show that in a PD population considered for FUS subthalamotomy treatment, the SDR may be a valid group‐allocation parameter. This could be considered as the basis for a controlled study comparing FUS subthalamotomy vs BMT.
Qualitative analysis of licorice and strychnine decoction before and after combination using UPLC‐QE‐Orbitrap‐MS
Authors: Guo Yuyan , Wei Yuxin , Sun Shuang , Yang Dayu , LV Shaowa 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackground and objectiveGlycyrrhiza glabra L. (GG) and Strychnos nux‐vomica L. (NV) are traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). Changes in the chemical composition may occur before and after the GG–NV compatibility. Ultra‐performance liquid chromatography Q‐exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UPLC‐QE‐Orbitrap‐MS) was applied here to study the difference in the components of the GG and NV decoctions before and after they were combined. The changes in the chemical composition of GG and NV before and after the combination were determined.MethodsThe precise molecular weight, retention time, and fragment ion peak of the different components of the decoctions before and after compatibility were obtained through UPLC‐QE‐Orbitrap‐MS. Differential analysis methods, such as principal component analysis, were used for comparison.ResultsIn the positive ion mode, 200 new components were added, whereas six components were lost. In the negative ion mode, 144 new compounds were identified, whereas three components were missing.ConclusionsThe compatibility difference between GG and NV was studied through UPLC‐QE‐Orbitrap‐MS. The chemical composition of GG and NV changed before and after compatibility, and a class of compounds different from GG and NV was identified in the co‐decoction. This study provides an experimental basis for subsequent research into detoxification mechanisms of the GG–NV combination and offers a new analytical method for investigating the compatibility of various other TCM pairs.
UHPLC–PDA–Q‐TOF–MS–α‐amylase–FLD activity detection system and molecular docking
Authors: Zhu Yaya , Yang Yuangui , Tang Zhishu , Xue Taotao , Chen Shizhong , Yang Haodong , Su Zenghu , Xu Hongbo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionTraditional and some scientific literature document the antidiabetic effects of the Ziziphi Spinosae Semen (ZSS). However, the bioactive compounds of ZSS responsible for the antidiabetic effects are not well known.ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the material basis of the antidiabetic effects of ZSS by inhibiting α‐amylase.MethodologyAn online analysis platform was established and optimized using an ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐photo‐diode array‐quadrupole‐time‐of‐flight‐mass spectrometry‐α‐amylase‐fluorescence detector (UHPLC–PDA–Q‐TOF–MS–α‐amylase–FLD) system to screen α‐amylase inhibitors in ZSS rapidly. The inhibitory effect of these compounds was confirmed by molecular docking screening. and the molecular interactions between α‐amylase and active compounds were evaluated, which strongly supported the experimental results.ResultsSeventy‐eight compounds were identified in the ZSS extract, eleven of which were screened to have significant α‐amylase binding activity.ConclusionThis study demonstrated the feasibility of using an established platform to screen for effective components in ZSS, providing a practical method for the rapid screening of potential antidiabetic active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine.
Associations between pain intensity, pain sensitivity, demographics, psychological factors, disability, physical activity, pain phenotype and COVID‐19 history in low back pain: An observational study
Authors: Pinho Helena , Neves Márcia , Costa Fabíola , Silva Anabela G. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackground and PurposeKnowledge of the factors affecting pain intensity and pain sensitivity can inform treatment targets and strategies aimed at personalizing the intervention, conceivably increasing its positive impact on patients. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between demographic factors (sex and age), body mass index (BMI), psychological factors (anxiety and depression, kinesiophobia and catastrophizing), self‐reported physical activity, pain phenotype (symptoms of central sensitization, and nociceptive or neuropathic pain), history of COVID‐19 and pain intensity and sensitivity in patients with chronic non‐specific low back pain (LBP).MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional secondary analysis with 83 participants with chronic non‐specific LBP recruited from the community between August 2021 and April 2022. BMI, pain intensity (Visual Analog Scale), pain sensitivity at the lower back and at a distant point [pressure pain threshold], catastrophizing (Pain Catastrophizing Scale), kinesiophobia (Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia), anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), pain phenotype (Central Sensitization Inventory and PainDetect Questionnaire), physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire), and disability (Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire) were assessed. Multiple linear regression analyses with pain intensity and sensitivity as the dependent variables were used.ResultsThe model for pain intensity explained 34% of its variance (Adjusted R2 = −0.343, p < 0.001), with depression and anxiety (p = 0.008) and disability (p = 0.035) reaching statistical significance. The model for pain sensitivity at the lower back, also explained 34% of its variance (Adjusted R2 = 0.344, p < 0.001) at the lower back with sex, BMI, and kinesiophobia reaching statistical significance (p < 0.05) and 15% of the variance at a distant body site (Adjusted R2 = 0.148, p = 0.018) with sex and BMI reaching statistical significance (p < 0.05).DiscussionThis study found that different factors are associated with pain intensity and pain sensitivity in individuals with LBP. Increased pain intensity was associated with higher levels of anxiety and depression and disability and increased pain sensitivity was associated with being a female, higher kinesiophobia, and lower BMI.
Investigating the Effect of Packaging Conditions on the Properties of Peeled Garlic by Using Artificial Neural Network (ANN)
Authors: Tavar Milad , Rabbani Hekmat , Gholami Rashid , Ahmadi Ebrahim , Kurtulmus Ferhat 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTThis study investigated the effect of packaging conditions on the properties of peeled garlic during storage, and the results have been evaluated using statistical analysis and artificial neural network (ANN). Peeled garlic was packed with polyethylene (PE) film and polyethylene film equipped with nanoparticles (2% nanoclay) and filled into the packages using ambient and modified atmospheres (1% O2, 5% CO2and 94% N2). A group of packages was also packed under vacuum conditions. The packaged samples were stored at 25°C, 4°C and −18°C for 35 days. Colour indices (a*,b* andL*), chemical properties (pH and TSS) and mechanical properties (FmaxandEmod) of the peeled garlic were measured during the storage time. The final results showed that the use of nanofilm and modified atmosphere had a positive effect on maintaining the quality of peeled garlic during the storage. On the other hand, the temperature changes showed that the freezing temperature had a negative effect on the garlic quality (properties) during the storage period. The statistical analysis results of the data showed the significant effect of treatments and their interactions on properties at levels of 1% and 5%. The results of ANN showed that the peeled garlic properties (physical, chemical and mechanical) could be predicted with the highest performance scores. The most successful ANN models were identified for each property, with the Trainbr learning algorithm and Tansig transfer function yielding the highest prediction scores for physical (R2 > 0.90) and chemical properties; on the other hand, Logsig was most successful for mechanical properties (R2 > 0.84).
Hierarchical learning of gastric cancer molecular subtypes by integrating multi‐modal DNA‐level omics data and clinical stratification
Authors: Yang Binyu , Liu Siying , Xie Jiemin , Tang Xi , Guan Pan , Zhu Yifan , Liu Xuemei , Xiong Yunhui , Yang Zuli , Li Weiyao , Wang Yonghua , Chen Wen , Li Qingjiao , Xia Li C. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMolecular subtyping of gastric cancer (GC) aims to comprehend its genetic landscape. However, the efficacy of current subtyping methods is hampered by their mixed use of molecular features, a lack of strategy optimization, and the limited availability of public GC datasets. There is a pressing need for a precise and easily adoptable subtyping approach for early DNA‐based screening and treatment. Based on TCGA subtypes, we developed a novel DNA‐based hierarchical classifier for gastric cancer molecular subtyping (HCG), which employs gene mutations, copy number aberrations, and methylation patterns as predictors. By incorporating the closely related esophageal adenocarcinomas dataset, we expanded the TCGA GC dataset for the training and testing of HCG (n = 453). The optimization of HCG was achieved through three hierarchical strategies using Lasso‐Logistic regression, evaluated by their overall the area under receiver operating characteristic curve (auROC), accuracy, F1 score, the area under precision‐recall curve (auPRC) and their capability for clinical stratification using multivariate survival analysis. Subtype‐specific DNA alteration biomarkers were discerned through difference tests based on HCG defined subtypes. Our HCG classifier demonstrated superior performance in terms of overall auROC (0.95), accuracy (0.88), F1 score (0.87) and auPRC (0.86), significantly improving the clinical stratification of patients (overall p‐value = 0.032). Difference tests identified 25 subtype‐specific DNA alterations, including a high mutation rate in the SYNE1, ITGB4, and COL22A1 genes for the MSI subtype, and hypermethylation of ALS2CL, KIAA0406, and RPRD1B genes for the EBV subtype. HCG is an accurate and robust classifier for DNA‐based GC molecular subtyping with highly predictive clinical stratification performance. The training and test datasets, along with the analysis programs of HCG, are accessible on the GitHub website (github.com/LabxSCUT).
A case of community‐acquired pneumonia caused by Bacillus subtilis subsp. natto in an immunocompetent patient
Authors: Tani Tetsuo , Takehara Tomohiro , Ishioka Kota , Yoshifuji Ayumi , Aoki Kotaro , Takahashi Saeko 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA 70‐year‐old immunocompetent male with a history of insomnia presented with pneumonia and bacteremia caused by Bacillus subtilis. The patient took benzodiazepines and regularly consumed alcohol and natto (fermented soybeans). Initial antibiotic treatment was not effective, and bronchoalveolar lavage was performed. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) analysis revealed an increased lymphocytes fraction, and B. subtilis was detected in the BALF. Whole‐genome sequencing confirmed the congruence of the genetic sequences between the strain in the blood culture of the patient, BALF, and strain isolated from the consumed natto, confirming B. subtilis subsp. natto as the causative pathogen of pneumonia and bacteremia. Vancomycin followed by levofloxacin and systemic corticosteroid were used to treat the condition. This case highlights community‐acquired pneumonia and bacteremia caused by B. subtilis subsp. natto, particularly in individuals who consume natto.
What drives sustainable climate change adaptation at the local level? Approaching three knowledge gaps
Authors: Selseng Torbjørn , Gjertsen Arild 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates three gaps in climate change adaptation research: the drivers of sustainable adaptation efforts, the role of multilevel governance, and how challenges differ by municipality size. Analyzing data from three surveys across Norwegian municipalities and counties, pooling 668 responses, the study statistically assesses drivers of adaptation efforts in 146 municipalities. Key findings show that factors such as political awareness, risk perception, stakeholder collaboration, and municipality size significantly influence adaptation efforts, with effectiveness depending on the conceptualization of adaptation. Political and stakeholder support is essential for mainstreaming, monitoring, and implementing adaptation measures, but not for promoting sustainabilty. This shows that local administrations are free to choose sustainable CCA, but that the quality of participatory processes should be scrutinized. The study also highlights that regional support is crucial for smaller municipalities, and that the intensity of regional engagement is more important than the support method.