bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cristatomentin, a Green Pigment of Mixed Biogenetic Origin from Albatrellus cristatus (Basidiomycetes)
Authors: Koch Barbara , Kilpert Claus , Steglich Wolfgang 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe structure of cristatomentin (5), the green pigment of the toadstool Albatrellus cristatus, has been elucidated by MS studies and a comparison of the NMR spectrum of 5 with the data for cristatic acid (1) and albatrellin (6). The furylbenzoquinone chromophore of 5 may be derived from 1 and 2‐O‐acetylatromentin (4), which co‐occur with cristatomentin in the fungus.
Synthesis of Bicyclic Ethers by a Gold/Palladium/Gold‐Catalyzed Cyclization/Cross Coupling Sequence
Authors: Gockel Birgit , Krause Norbert 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe stereoselective gold‐catalyzed 6‐endo cyclization ofvarious β‐hydroxyallenes in the presence of N‐iodosuccinimide affords iodinated dihydropyrans in good yield. Subsequent functionalization by palladium‐catalyzed cross coupling opens an access to α‐hydroxyallenes that are converted in a second gold‐catalyzed cyclization into furopyrans which occur in various natural products.
Physicochemical Studies of New Anthocyano‐Ellagitannin Hybrid Pigments: About the Origin of the Influence of Oak C‐Glycosidic Ellagitannins on Wine Color
Authors: Chassaing Stefan , Lefeuvre Dorothée , Jacquet Rémi , Jourdes Michael , Ducasse Laurent , Galland Stéphanie , Grelard Axelle , Saucier Cédric , Teissedre Pierre‐Louis , Dangles Olivier , Quideau Stéphane 
Published: November 2009

AbstractKinetic and thermodynamic UV/Vis and structural NMR spectroscopic investigations on the anthocyano‐ellagitannin hybrid 1‐deoxyvescalagin‐(1β→8)‐oenin revealed that its enhanced color stability relative to that of the red‐colored pigment oenin and resulting bathochromism can be rationalized in terms of an intramolecular π‐stacking between the grape‐derived oenin chromophore and the oak‐derived vescalagin 4,6‐hexahydroxydiphenoyl moiety. The results led us to suggest that this bathochromism‐inducing molecular association could be the first ellagitannin‐based molecular‐level explanation of the red‐to‐purple color change that takes place during the aging of wine in oak barrels.
The puzzle of joking: Disentangling the cognitive and affective components of humorous distraction
Authors: Strick Madelijn , Holland Rob W. , van Baaren Rick B. , van Knippenberg Ad 
Published: November 2009

AbstractStudies in cognitive psychology, marketing, and education indicate that humor distracts attention from non‐humorous information presented at the same time. Two experiments investigated why humor distracts attention. The two basic components of humor comprise (1) incongruency resolution, which poses cognitive demands and (2) positive affect. We disentangled the contributions of cognitive demands and positive affect on distraction based on the notions that (a) both components are possible sources of distraction, and (b) the components were always confounded in previous research. In an evaluative conditioning paradigm, novel products were consistently paired with humorous stimuli, whereas other products were paired with stimuli that were either (1) equally demanding but neutral, (2) equally positive but undemanding, and (3) undemanding and neutral. The results showed that cognitively demanding stimuli distracted attention, irrespective of stimulus positivity. These findings suggest that the cognitive demands of humor, not the positive affect it evokes, underlie the distraction effect. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Recent advances in CE and CEC of peptides (2007–2009)
Authors: Kašička Václav 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe review presents a comprehensive survey of recent developments of high‐performance capillary electromigration methods, zone electrophoresis, ITP, IEF, affinity electrophoresis, EKC and electrochromatography, and their application to analysis, preparation and physicochemical characterization of peptides. New approaches to the theoretical description and experimental investigation of electromigration properties of peptides, and to methodology of their separations, such as sample preparation, adsorption suppression, EOF control and detection, are described. New developments in particular CE and CEC modes are reported and several types of their applications to peptide analysis are presented: conventional qualitative and quantitative analysis, determination in biomatrices, monitoring of chemical and enzymatical reactions and physical changes, amino acid and sequence analysis, and peptide mapping of proteins. Few examples of micropreparative peptide separations are shown and capabilities of CE and CEC techniques to provide important physicochemical characteristics of peptides are demonstrated.
Recent advances in the application of CE to forensic sciences: A update over years 2007–2009
Authors: Tagliaro Franco , Pascali Jennifer , Fanigliulo Ameriga , Bortolotti Federica 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThis article reviews and comments the applications of CE to forensic sciences covering the short period from 2007 until the first months of 2009, being the latest update of two previous review papers covering the years from 2001 to 2004 and from 2005 to 2007. The overview includes the most relevant examples of analytical applications of capillary electrophoretic and electrokinetic techniques in the following fields: (i) illicit and abused drugs, (ii) small ions of forensic interest (iii) proteins and peptides, (iv) forensic deoxyribonucleic acid, (v) dyes and inks. As many as 69 references are quoted.
The transmission of shocks between Europe, Japan and the United States
Authors: Papanyan Shushanik 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThis paper identifies the types of shocks that affect the economies of Europe, the USA and Japan, and the transmission paths of those shocks between these countries. The identification of shocks is based on the Cointegrated VAR methodology. The categorization and interpretation of shocks are based on synthesis of theoretical studies on international business cycles and international policy coordination. We show that the Cointegrated VAR model is a valid choice and that it demonstrates good fit with the data‐generating processes of the time series examined. We find that country‐specific US permanent shocks transmit to Europe and Japan and, when positive, have a locomotive effect. The USA is not affected by the country‐specific permanent shocks of Europe or Japan. The permanent shocks originating in Europe or Japan do not have a significant effect on the opposite country's growth rates. The model identifies one common symmetric transitory shock affecting all three countries. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Altered representation of expected value in the orbitofrontal cortex in mania
Authors: Bermpohl Felix , Kahnt Thorsten , Dalanay Umut , Hägele Claudia , Sajonz Bastian , Wegner Tristan , Stoy Meline , Adli Mazda , Krüger Stephanie , Wrase Jana , Ströhle Andreas , Bauer Michael , Heinz Andreas 
Published: November 2009

AbstractObjective:Increased responsiveness to appetitive and reduced responsiveness to aversive anticipatory cues may be associated with dysfunction of the brain reward system in mania. Here we studied neural correlates of gain and loss expectation in mania using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).Method:Fifteen manic patients and 26 matched healthy control individuals performed a monetary incentive delay task, during which subjects anticipated to win or lose a varying amount of money. Varying both magnitude and valence (win, loss) of anticipatory cues allowed us to isolate the effects of magnitude, valence and expected value (magnitude‐by‐valence interaction).Results:Response times and total gain amount did not differ significantly between groups. FMRI data indicated that the ventral striatum responded according to cued incentive magnitude in both groups, and this effect did not significantly differ between groups. However, a significant group difference was observed for expected value representation in the left lateral orbitofrontal cortex (OFC; BA 11 and 47). In this region, patients showed increasing BOLD responses during expectation of increasing gain and decreasing responses during expectation of increasing loss, while healthy subjects tended to show the inverse effect. In seven patients retested after remission OFC responses adapted to the response pattern of healthy controls.Conclusions:The observed alterations are consistent with a state‐related affective processing bias during the expectation of gains and losses which may contribute to clinical features of mania, such as the enhanced motivation for seeking rewards and the underestimation of risks and potential punishments. Hum Brain Mapp, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mutations in TP53 tumor suppressor gene in wood dust‐related sinonasal cancer
Authors: Holmila Reetta , Bornholdt Jette , Heikkilä Pirjo , Suitiala Tuula , Févotte Joëlle , Cyr Diane , Hansen Johnni , Snellman Satu‐Marja , Dictor Michael , Steiniche Torben , Schlünssen Vivi , Schneider Thomas , Pukkala Eero , Savolainen Kai , Wolff Henrik , Wallin Håkan , Luce Danièle , Husgafvel‐Pursiainen Kirsti 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe causal role of work‐related exposure to wood dust in the development of sinonasal cancer has long been established by numerous epidemiologic studies. To study molecular changes in these tumors, we analyzed TP53 gene mutations in 358 sinonasal cancer cases with or without occupational exposure to wood dust, using capillary electrophoresis single‐strand conformation polymorphism analysis and direct sequencing. A significant association between wood‐dust exposure and adenocarcinoma histology was observed [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 12.6, 95% confidence interval (CI), 5.0–31.6]. TP53 mutations occurred in all histologies, with an overall frequency of 77%. TP53 mutation positive status was most common in adenocarcinoma (OR 2.0, 95% CI, 1.1–3.7; compared with squamous cell carcinoma), and mutation positivity showed an overall, nonsignificant association with wood‐dust exposure (OR 1.6, 95% CI, 0.8–3.1). Risk of TP53 mutation was significantly increased in association with duration (≥24 years, OR 5.1, 95% CI, 1.5–17.1), average level (>2 mg/m3; OR 3.6, 95% CI, 1.2–10.8) and cumulative level (≥30 mg/m3 × years; OR 3.5, 95% CI, 1.2–10.7) of wood‐dust exposure; adjustment for formaldehyde affected the ORs only slightly. Smoking did not influence the occurrence of TP53 mutation; however, it was associated with multiple mutations (p = 0.03). As far as we are aware, this is the first study to demonstrate a high prevalence of TP53 mutation‐positive cases in a large collection of sinonasal cancers with data on occupational exposure. Our results indicate that mutational mechanisms, in particular TP53 mutations, are associated with work‐related exposure to wood dust in sinonasal cancer.
Single nucleotide polymorphisms in miRNA binding sites and miRNA genes as breast/ovarian cancer risk modifiers in Jewish high‐risk women
Authors: Kontorovich Tair , Levy Asaf , Korostishevsky Michael , Nir Uri , Friedman Eitan 
Published: November 2009

AbstractWe hypothesized that aberrant gene silencing by miRNA may affect mutant BRCA penetrance. To test this notion, frequency of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; n = 42) within predicted miRNA binding sites or miRNA precursors were determined and compared in 363 BRCA1 mutation carriers: asymptomatic (n = 160), breast cancer (n = 140) and ovarian cancer (n = 63) patients, and in 125 BRCA2 mutation carriers: asymptomatic (n = 48), breast cancer (n = 58) and ovarian cancer (n = 19) patients. Overall, 16 of 42 SNPs were polymorphic, 11 had a minor allele frequency greater than 5% and 9 of them maintained the Hardy‐Weinberg Equilibrium. Based on Cox regression and Kaplan–Meier analyses, statistically significant differences were noted in BRCA2 mutation carriers by health status in 3 SNPs: CC homozygosity at rs6505162 increased ovarian cancer risk (RR 2.77; p = 0.028; 95% CI, 1.11–6.9); heterozygote SNP carriers of rs11169571 had an ∼2 fold increased risk for developing breast/ovarian cancer, whereas heterozygotes of the rs895819 SNP had an ∼50% reduced risk for developing breast/ovarian cancer. This study provides preliminary evidence for another regulatory level of penetrance of deleterious mutations in cancer predisposition genes.
Risk of differentiated thyroid cancer in relation to adult weight, height and body shape over life: The French E3N cohort
Authors: Clavel‐Chapelon Françoise , Guillas Gwenaëlle , Tondeur Laura , Kernaleguen Céline , Boutron‐Ruault Marie‐Christine 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe increasing incidence rate of thyroid cancer warrants investigation of potentially modifiable factors, especially overweightness. Few prospective studies have investigated anthropometry from childhood to adulthood in relation to thyroid cancer. We analyzed data from 91,909 women of the E3N study, a cohort of French women insured by a national health scheme mostly covering teachers with the age of 40–65 years at inclusion in 1990. Risk estimates of first primary differentiated thyroid cancer (n = 317) were computed using Cox proportional hazards models. There was a significant dose–effect relationship between thyroid cancer risk and weight or body mass index (BMI) but not height. Compared with women whose BMI was 18.5–22 kg/m2, women with BMI 22–25 and those with BMI over 30 had a 39% [95% confidence interval (CI) 7–81] and 76% (12–176) higher risk of thyroid cancer, respectively, with a 21% (5–39) increased risk per 5 kg/m2 increase in BMI. A large body shape from age 35–40 was significantly associated with an increased risk of differentiated thyroid cancer when compared with a lean one, while earlier body shapes were not. The highest risk was observed in women whose body shape increased from lean to large between menarche and adulthood, with a HR of 2.17 (95% CI 1.04–4.53) when compared with women who were lean at both periods. Our study adds to the existing evidence in relation to excess weight to the risk of thyroid cancer, particularly in women whose body shape increased from menarche to adult age.
Secondary malignant neoplasms after Wilms tumor: An international collaborative study
Authors: Breslow Norman E. , Lange Jane M. , Friedman Debra L. , Green Daniel M. , Hawkins Mike M. , Murphy Michael F.G. , Neglia Joseph P. , Olsen Jørgen H. , Peterson Susan M. , Stiller Charles A. , Robison Leslie L. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractA combined cohort of 8,884 North American, 2,893 British and 1,574 Nordic subjects with Wilms tumor (WT) diagnosed before 15 years of age during 1960–2004 was established to determine the risk of secondary malignant neoplasms (SMN). After 169,641 person‐years (PY) of observation through 2005, 174 solid tumors (exclusive of basal cell carcinomas) and 28 leukemias were ascertained in 195 subjects. Median survival time after a solid SMN diagnosis 5 years or more from WT was 11 years; it was 10 months for all leukemia. Age‐specific incidence of secondary solid tumors increased from approximately 1 case per 1,000 PY at age 15 to 5 cases per 1,000 PY at age 40. The cumulative incidence of solid tumors at age 40 for subjects who survived free of SMNs to age 15 was 6.7%. Leukemia risk, by contrast, was highest during the first 5 years after WT diagnosis. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for solid tumors and leukemias were 5.1 and 5.0, respectively. Results for solid tumors for the 3 geographic areas were remarkably consistent; statistical tests for differences in incidence rates and SIRs were all negative. Age‐specific incidence rates and SIRs for solid tumors were lower for patients whose WT was diagnosed after 1980, although the trends with decade of diagnosis were not statistically significant. Incidence rates and SIRs for leukemia were highest among those diagnosed after 1990 (p‐trend = 0.003). These trends may reflect the decreasing use of radiation therapy and increasing intensity of chemotherapy in modern protocols for treatment of WT.
Irrigation furrow system: A technique to improve drainage and water productivity in the Gharb plain, Morocco
Authors: Taky A. , Bouarfa S. , Mailhol J.C. , Hammani A. , Bouaziz A. , Ruelle P. , Debbarh A. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe Gharb plain in Morocco suffers from water excess in winter and from water deficit during the spring and summer. This explains the low profitability of the investments in irrigation agreed by the Moroccan state and low yields of winter crops. Furrow irrigation systems may be a way to increase water productivity by improving the surface drainage in winter, and by irrigating the crops efficiently in spring and summer. The aim of this study was to assess the hydraulic performance of furrow systems and its agronomic impacts based on an experimental and a modelling approach. Yields were simulated for a series of 11 climatic years (1995–2006). Results clearly showed the advantage of the furrow system whatever the sowing dates. These results confirmed that to improve the water productivity of winter crops in the context of the Gharb scheme, attention has to be paid to surface drainage. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On the difficulty of managing an invisible resource: Farmers' strategies and perceptions of groundwater use, field evidence from Morocco
Authors: Bekkar Younes , Kuper Marcel , Errahj Mostafa , Faysse Nicolas , Gafsi Mohamed 
Published: November 2009

AbstractIn Morocco, many farmers rely on groundwater for irrigation. Extensive groundwater exploitation along with the recent droughts, have led to over‐exploitation of this resource. We argue that state regulation is necessary but insufficient to manage groundwater. This article determines farmers' strategies in the exploitation of groundwater and explores the perceptions of farmers of the functioning of aquifers and the use of groundwater. We showed that farmers are rather pessimistic about the possibility of stopping over‐exploitation of groundwater. However, farmers have a reasonable idea about the terms of the water balance, and were able in difficult groundwater situations to put in place defensive farm strategies to manage water stress. In addition, they continue to confer legitimacy on the state for controlling groundwater exploitation, even though it does not in fact have the means to do so. These are encouraging signs for engaging local groundwater debates. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Indicators and framework for analysing the technical and economic performance of irrigation systems at farm level
Authors: Le Grusse Ph. , Mailhol J.C. , Bouaziz A. , Zairi A. , Raki M. , Chabaca M. , Djebbara M. , Ruelle P. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractIn North African countries, irrigation considerably increases production. Given the run‐down condition of irrigation equipment, the rehabilitation and modernization of irrigation schemes is a topical question. In addition, some irrigation projects are currently being implemented thus requiring investments, and judicious decisions have to be taken. At the same time farms in North Africa are increasingly confronted with environmental constraints and held accountable for environmental practices. This article proposes an approach to simultaneously take into account the technical, agricultural, economic and environmental objectives at the farm level, considered to be a relevant decision unit. Such indicators enable pertinent comparisons of different water management strategies in private, public and mixed systems. A method is proposed for the calculation of performance indicators from the plot to the farm level. The indicators enable the performance of irrigated systems to be compared in terms of both effectiveness and efficiency. A graphic representation of the indicators enables the synthetic analysis of the results for a given farm thereby making it possible to highlight the weakness of the production system. The method is applied to two farms in the Gharb area in Morocco and two farms in the Mitidja plain in Algeria. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Ohishi Masanobu , Schipani Ernestina 
Published: November 2009

AbstractFollowing the identification of bone marrow multipotent cells that could adhere to plastic and differentiate along numerous mesenchymal lineages in vitro, a considerable effort has been invested in characterizing and expanding these cells, which are now called “mesenchymal stem cells” (MSCs), in vitro. Over the years, numerous lines of evidence have been provided in support of their plasticity, their extraordinary immunomodulatory properties, their potential use for tissue engineering purposes, as well as their ability to be recruited to sites of injury, where they might contribute a “natural in vivo system for tissue repair.” Moreover, some studies have attempted the characterization of their cell‐surface specific antigens and of their anatomical location in vivo. Lastly, it has been shown that similar cells could be also isolated from organs other than the bone marrow. Despite this impressive body of investigations, numerous questions related to the developmental origin of these cells, their proposed pluripotency, and their role in bone modeling and remodeling and tissue repair in vivo are still largely unanswered. In addition, both a systematic phenotypic in vivo characterization of the MSC population and the development of a reproducible and faithful in vivo assay that would test the ability of MSCs to self‐renew, proliferate, and differentiate in vivo are just beginning. This brief review summarizes the current knowledge in the field of study of MSCs and the outstanding questions. J. Cell. Biochem. 109: 277–282, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Oxidative stress drives disulfide bond formation between basic helix‐loop‐helix transcription factors
Authors: Danciu Theodora E. , Whitman Malcolm 
Published: November 2009

AbstractBasic helix‐loop‐helix (bHLH) transcription factors including Twist1 and E2a proteins regulate essential processes. These factors bind DNA as homo‐ or heterodimers and the choice of binding partners determines their functional output. To investigate potential regulators of bHLH dimerization, cells were exposed to the oxidative agent hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Western blot analysis in the presence or absence of reducing agents, revealed that H2O2 induces the rapid formation of an intermolecular disulfide bond between Twist1 homodimers and Twist/E2a proteins heterodimers. The disulfide bond is first observed between Twist1 homodimers at 25 mM H2O2 and between Twist1 heterodimers at 75 mM H2O2. This response is dependent upon cell density as H2O2 did not induce disulfide bridge formation between bHLH proteins in cells seeded at high density. In the presence of E proteins, the formation of Twist1/E2a proteins heterodimers is favored over Twist1 homodimers, identifying an oxidative stimulus as an important factor in modulating binding partner specificity. We further demonstrated that a cysteine residue located at the C‐terminus of Twist1 and E2a proteins is involved in this response. Disulfide bond formation between Twist1 homodimers significantly reduced its ability to interact with two of its binding partners, Runx2 and HDAC4, indicating that disulfide dimerization in response to H2O2 has functional significance. These data support the conclusion that disulfide bond formation in response to an oxidative stimulus contributes to Twist1 homo‐ and heterodimerization and raises the possibility that the redox status of a cell may represent an important step in bHLH transcriptional regulation. J. Cell. Biochem. 109: 417–424, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.