bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laparoscopically assisted resections of small bowel stromal tumors are safe and effective
Authors: CAI Wei , WANG Zheng Ting , WU Liang , ZHONG Jie , ZHENG Min Hua 
Published: September 2011

OBJECTIVE:  To compare the efficacy of laparoscopically assisted and open resections in treatment of small bowel stromal tumors (SBST).METHODS:  A retrospective study of 85 patients who underwent curative resections for SBST (38 by laparoscopically assisted procedures and 47 by open procedures) was performed.RESULTS:  There were no differences between open and laparoscopically assisted approaches in terms of patients' age, gender, presenting symptoms, histological risk or extent of resection (P > 0.05). The median tumor size for laparoscopically assisted resections was 4.0 cm (range 1.2–7.0 cm), which was the same as that for the open resections (range 2.0–10.0 cm). There were fewer complications in the laparoscopic group than those in the open resection group (7.9% vs 17.0%), but no significant difference was observed (P > 0.05). The 2‐year survival of the two patient groups was almost the same (86.8% vs 89.4%). Laparoscopically assisted procedures required on average 22.5 min less of operating time (87.5 min vs 110.0 min, P = 0.006), 1.0 day less of bowel recovery time (3.0 days vs 4.0 days, P = 0.001) and 5.0 days less in hospital stay (8.0 days vs 13.0 days, P < 0.001).CONCLUSION:  Laparoscopically assisted resection of SBST is a safe alternative to open resection.
Accuracy of Blood Pressure Measurements Reported in an Electronic Medical Record During Routine Primary Care Visits
Authors: Fishman Paul A. , Anderson Melissa L. , Cook Andrea J. , Ralston James D. , Catz Sheryl L. , Carlson Jim , Larson Eric B. , Green Beverly B. 
Published: September 2011

J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2011;13:821–828. ©2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Electronic medical records (EMRs) allow for real‐time access to blood pressure (BP) information on a population basis and improve identification and treatment of individuals with hypertension. Despite the potential uses of the data available from EMRs, relatively little research has examined the reliability of this data. To address this gap, the authors examined the reliability of BP taken at primary care visits and recorded in an EMR with those taken at a research study visit at which standard protocols were used to measure BP among all adults as well as by sex and age. Systolic BP (SBP) averaged 3.7 (17.3) points and diastolic BP (DBP) was 2.8 (10.6) points lower in the EMR than in the study visit across age and sex groups, with all differences statistically significant. For this cohort of patients with a diagnosis of hypertension, there was moderate correlation between BP measurements taken in clinic and at research. However, BP control for individuals, as defined by an SBP <140 mm Hg and DBP 90 mm Hg, differed by almost 25%. Known variability of BP and clinic procedures for measuring and recording BP may account for these differences.
Resveratrol blocks diabetes‐induced early vascular lesions and vascular endothelial growth factor induction in mouse retinas
Authors: Kim Young Hee , Kim Yoon Sook , Roh Gu Seob , Choi Wan Sung , Cho Gyeong Jae 
Published: September 2011

Abstract.Purpose:  Vessel leakage and loss of pericytes are early signs of diabetic retinopathy (DR), which leads to vision loss. Upregulation of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) during diabetes plays a key role in mediating these vascular lesions. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of resveratrol, a natural plant‐derived phytoalexin, on vascular damage and VEGF induction in mouse retinas of early diabetes.Methods:  Diabetes was induced in C57BL/6 mice by five consecutive‐intraperitoneal injections of 55 mg/kg of streptozotocin (STZ). Animals injected with buffer only were used as controls. Beginning 1 month after the fifth injection of STZ or buffer, 20 mg/kg of resveratrol was administered by oral gavage daily for 4 weeks to diabetic and control mice, and all mice were killed 2 months after the injections. We assessed vessel leakage, pericyte loss and VEGF protein expression in mouse retinas of 2‐month diabetes compared with controls with or without resveratrol treatment.Results:  Diabetes led to increase vessel leakage, pericyte loss and VEGF protein level in the mouse retinas compared with controls; however, these changes were effectively blocked by resveratrol treatment.Conclusion:  Our data suggest that resveratrol is effective to decrease vascular lesions and VEGF induction in mouse retinas of early diabetes.
Role of CCR2 in immunobiology and neurobiology
Authors: Yamasaki Ryo , Liu LiPing , Lin Jessica , Ransohoff Richard M. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractChemokines and their receptors play crucial roles in the trafficking of leukocytes and are of particular interest in the context of the unique inflammatory responses elicited in the central nervous system (CNS). The chemokine receptor CCR2 and its ligand CCL2 have been implicated in a wide range of immunobiological processes and neuropathologies, including recruitment of monocytes and regulation of bone marrow homeostasis, as well as multiple sclerosis, HIV‐associated dementia, Alzheimer’s disease and neuropathic pain. Recently, powerful biological tools (CCR2‐red fluorescent protein [RFP] knock‐in mice) have been developed to analyze the functions of CCR2 in different cell populations, and intriguing results have emerged from those mice. The present review emphasizes CCR2/CCL2 as a key chemokine/chemokine receptor pair that controls the recruitment or retention of a key subset of mononuclear phagocytes in inflammation associated with host defense or disease. (Clin. Exp. Neuroimmunol. doi: 10.1111/j.1759‐1961.2011.00024.x, January 2012)
Sensitivity and Specificity of Canine Pancreas‐Specific Lipase (cPL) and Other Markers for Pancreatitis in 70 Dogs with and without Histopathologic Evidence of Pancreatitis
Authors: Trivedi S. , Marks S.L. , Kass P.H. , Luff J.A. , Keller S.M. , Johnson E.G. , Murphy B. 
Published: September 2011

BackgroundPancreatitis is a common disorder in dogs for which the antemortem diagnosis remains challenging.ObjectivesTo compare the sensitivity and specificity of serum markers for pancreatitis in dogs with histopathologic evidence of pancreatitis or lack thereof.AnimalsSeventy dogs necropsied for a variety of reasons in which the pancreas was removed within 4 hours of euthanasia and serological markers were evaluated within 24 hours of death.MethodsProspective study: Serum was analyzed for amylase and lipase activities, and concentrations of canine trypsin‐like immunoreactivity (cTLI) and canine pancreas‐specific lipase (cPL). Serial transverse sections of the pancreas were made every 2 cm throughout the entire pancreas and reviewed using a semiquantitative histopathologic grading scheme.ResultsThe sensitivity for the SpeccPL(cutoff value 400 μg/L) was 21 and 71% in dogs with mild (n = 56) or moderate‐severe pancreatitis (n = 7), and 43 and 71% (cutoff value 200 μg/L), respectively. The sensitivity for thecTLI, serum amylase, and lipase in dogs with mild or moderate‐severe pancreatitis was 30 and 29%; 7 and 14%; and 54 and 71%, respectively. The specificity for the SpeccPLbased on 7 normal pancreata was 100 and 86% (cutoff value 400 and 200 μg/L, respectively), whereas the specificity for thecTLI, serum amylase, and lipase activity was 100, 100, and 43%, respectively.Conclusion and Clinical ImportanceThe SpeccPLdemonstrated the best overall performance characteristics (sensitivity and specificity) compared to other serum markers for diagnosing histopathologic lesions of pancreatitis in dogs.
Motion Cueing Algorithm Online Parameter Switching in a Blink of an Eye—A Time-Variant Approach
Authors: Lorenz Tobias , Jaschke Klaus , Köster Frank 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
The development and evaluation of human centered driver assistance systems is one major research focus within the automotive domain of the Institute of Transportation Systems (TS) at the German Aerospace Center (DLR). To investigate the impact of new driver assistance systems on driver behavior different research facilities from simulations to real car environments are used. One research facility at TS is the dynamic driving simulator with a hexapod structure. Using dynamic driving simulators to reproduce real car motion is a major challenge as the workspace is limited. Within this paper a method of state adaption is presented. This method enables a discrete switching of high-pass filter corner frequencies within one single simulation time step. Thereby discontinuities of the filter output signal as well as in the derivatives of the output signal are avoidable. Thus, it is possible to adapt corner frequencies of high-pass filters of a Motion Cueing Algorithm (MCA), according to the current driving situation. The paper starts with a description of the MCA currently used for the motion rendering at TS. Afterward the state adaption method is described including the challenges for adapting this method to the current MCA structure. In the end of the new structure for the time-variant MCA as well as the boundary conditions for corner frequency switching and the test results of the new time-variant approach using the state adaption method are outlined.
Antitrypanosomal Activity of Fexinidazole, a New Oral Nitroimidazole Drug Candidate for Treatment of Sleeping Sickness
Authors: Kaiser Marcel , Bray Michael A. , Cal Monica , Bourdin Trunz Bernadette , Torreele Els , Brun Reto 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACT

Fexinidazole is a 5-nitroimidazole drug currently in clinical development for the treatment of human sleeping sickness (human African trypanosomiasis [HAT]), caused by infection with species of the protozoan parasite
Trypanosoma brucei
. The compound and its two principal metabolites, sulfoxide and sulfone, have been assessed for their ability to kill a range of
T. brucei
parasite strains
in vitro
and to cure both acute and chronic HAT disease models in the mouse. The parent molecule and both metabolites have shown trypanocidal activity
in vitro
in the 0.7-to-3.3 μM (0.2-to-0.9 μg/ml) range against all parasite strains tested.
In vivo
, fexinidazole is orally effective in curing both acute and chronic diseases in the mouse at doses of 100 mg/kg of body weight/day for 4 days and 200 mg/kg/day for 5 days, respectively. Pharmacokinetic data indicate that it is likely that the sulfoxide and sulfone metabolites provide most, if not all, of the
in vivo
killing activity. Fexinidazole and its metabolites require up to 48 h exposure in order to induce maximal trypanocidal efficacy
in vitro
. The parent drug and its metabolites show no
in vitro
cross-reactivity in terms of trypanocidal activity with either themselves or other known trypanocidal drugs in use in humans. The
in vitro
and
in vivo
antitrypanosomal activities of fexinidazole and its two principal metabolites provide evidence that the compound has the potential to be an effective oral treatment for both the
T. b. gambiense
and
T. b. rhodesiense
forms of human sleeping sickness and both stages of the disease.
Impact of Granulocytes on the Antimicrobial Effect of Tedizolid in a Mouse Thigh Infection Model
Authors: Drusano G. L. , Liu Weiguo , Kulawy Robert , Louie Arnold 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACT

Tedizolid (TR-700, formerly torezolid) is the active component of the new oxazolidinone prodrug tedizolid phosphate (TR-701). We had previously demonstrated that tedizolid possessed potent antistaphylococcal activity superior to that of linezolid in a neutropenic mouse thigh infection model (A. Louie, W. Liu, R. Kulawy, and G. L. Drusano, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 55:3453-3460, 2011). In the current investigation, we used a mouse thigh infection model to delineate the effect of an interaction of TR-700 and granulocytes on staphylococcal cell killing. We compared the antistaphylococcal killing effect of doses of TR-701 equivalent to human exposures ranging from 200 to 3,200 mg/day in both granulocytopenic and normal mice. The mice were evaluated at 24, 48, and 72 h after therapy initiation. In granulocytopenic mice, a clear exposure response in which, depending on the time point of evaluation, stasis was achieved at “human-equivalent” doses of slightly below 2,300 mg/day (at 24 h) to slightly below 2,000 mg/day (at 72 h) was observed. In immune-normal animals, stasis was achieved at human-equivalent doses of slightly greater than 100 mg/day or less. The variance in bacterial cell killing results was attributable to the presence of granulocytes (without drug), the direct effect of TR-700 on
Staphylococcus aureus
, and the effect of the drug on
Staphylococcus aureus
mediated through granulocytes. The majority of the bacterial cell killing in normal animals was attributable to the effect of TR-700 mediated through granulocytes. Additional studies need to be undertaken to elucidate the mechanism underlying this observation.
Synergistic Killing of Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa at Multiple Inocula by Colistin Combined with Doripenem in an In Vitro Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Model
Authors: Bergen Phillip J. , Tsuji Brian T. , Bulitta Jurgen B. , Forrest Alan , Jacob Jovan , Sidjabat Hanna E. , Paterson David L. , Nation Roger L. , Li Jian 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACT

Combination therapy may be required for multidrug-resistant (MDR)
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
. The aim of this study was to systematically investigate bacterial killing and emergence of colistin resistance with colistin and doripenem combinations against MDR
P. aeruginosa
. Studies were conducted in a one-compartment
in vitro
pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model for 96 h at two inocula (∼10
6
and ∼10
8
CFU/ml) against a colistin-heteroresistant reference strain (ATCC 27853) and a colistin-resistant MDR clinical isolate (19147 n/m). Four combinations utilizing clinically achievable concentrations were investigated. Microbiological response was examined by log changes and population analysis profiles. Colistin (constant concentrations of 0.5 or 2 mg/liter) plus doripenem (peaks of 2.5 or 25 mg/liter every 8 h; half-life, 1.5 h) substantially increased bacterial killing against both strains at the low inoculum, while combinations containing colistin at 2 mg/liter increased activity against ATCC 27853 at the high inoculum; only colistin at 0.5 mg/liter plus doripenem at 2.5 mg/liter failed to improve activity against 19147 n/m at the high inoculum. Combinations were additive or synergistic against ATCC 27853 in 16 and 11 of 20 cases (4 combinations across 5 sample points) at the 10
6
- and 10
8
-CFU/ml inocula, respectively; the corresponding values for 19147 n/m were 16 and 9. Combinations containing doripenem at 25 mg/liter resulted in eradication of 19147 n/m at the low inoculum and substantial reductions in regrowth (including to below the limit of detection at ∼50 h) at the high inoculum. Emergence of colistin-resistant subpopulations of ATCC 27853 was substantially reduced and delayed with combination therapy. This investigation provides important information for optimization of colistin-doripenem combinations.
Mouse Monoclonal Antibodies to Anthrax Edema Factor Protect against Infection
Authors: Leysath Clinton E. , Chen Kuang-Hua , Moayeri Mahtab , Crown Devorah , Fattah Rasem , Chen Zhaochun , Das Suman R. , Purcell Robert H. , Leppla Stephen H. 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACT

Bacillus anthracis
is the causative agent of anthrax, and the tripartite anthrax toxin is an essential element of its pathogenesis. Edema factor (EF), a potent adenylyl cyclase, is one of the toxin components. In this work, anti-EF monoclonal antibodies (MAb) were produced following immunization of mice, and four of the antibodies were fully characterized. MAb 3F2 has an affinity of 388 pM, was most effective for EF detection, and appears to be the first antibody reported to neutralize EF by binding to the catalytic C
B
domain. MAb 7F10 shows potent neutralization of edema toxin activity
in vitro
and
in vivo
; it targets the N-terminal protective antigen binding domain. The four MAb react with three different domains of edema factor, and all were able to detect purified edema factor in Western blot analysis. None of the four MAb cross-reacted with the lethal factor toxin component. Three of the four MAb protected mice in both a systemic edema toxin challenge model and a subcutaneous spore-induced foreleg edema model. A combination of three of the MAb also significantly delayed the time to death in a third subcutaneous spore challenge model. This appears to be the first direct evidence that monoclonal antibody-mediated neutralization of EF alone is sufficient to delay anthrax disease progression.
Immunization with Apoptotic Phagocytes Containing Histoplasma capsulatum Activates Functional CD8+T Cells To Protect against Histoplasmosis
Authors: Hsieh Shih-Hung , Lin Jr-Shiuan , Huang Juin-Hua , Wu Shang-Yang , Chu Ching-Liang , Kung John T. , Wu-Hsieh Betty A. 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTWe have previously revealed the protective role of CD8+T cells in host defense againstHistoplasma capsulatumin animals with CD4+T cell deficiency and demonstrated that sensitized CD8+T cells are restimulatedin vitroby dendritic cells that have ingested apoptotic macrophage-associatedHistoplasmaantigen. Here we show that immunization with apoptotic phagocytes containing heat-killedHistoplasmaefficiently activated functional CD8+T cells whose contribution was equal to that of CD4+T cells in protection againstHistoplasmachallenge. Inhibition of macrophage apoptosis due to inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) deficiency or by caspase inhibitor treatment dampened the CD8+T cell but not the CD4+T cell response to pulmonaryHistoplasmainfection. In mice subcutaneously immunized with viableHistoplasmayeasts whose CD8+T cells are protective againstHistoplasmachallenge, there was heavy granulocyte and macrophage infiltration and the infiltrating cells became apoptotic. In mice subcutaneously immunized with carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE)-labeled apoptotic macrophages containing heat-killedHistoplasma, the CFSE-labeled macrophage material was found to localize within dendritic cells in the draining lymph node. Moreover, depleting dendritic cells in immunized CD11c-DTR mice significantly reduced CD8+T cell activation. Taken together, our results revealed that phagocyte apoptosis in theHistoplasma-infected host is associated with CD8+T cell activation and that immunization with apoptotic phagocytes containing heat-killedHistoplasmaefficiently evokes a protective CD8+T cell response. These results suggest that employing apoptotic phagocytes as antigen donor cells is a viable approach for the development of efficacious vaccines to elicit strong CD8+T cell as well as CD4+T cell responses toHistoplasmainfection.
Toxoplasma gondii Induces B7-2 Expression through Activation of JNK Signal Transduction
Authors: Morgado Pedro , Ong Yi-Ching , Boothroyd John C. , Lodoen Melissa B. 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTToxoplasma gondiiis a globally distributed parasite pathogen that infects virtually all warm-blooded animals. A hallmark of immunity to acute infection is the production of gamma interferon (IFN-γ) and interleukin-12 (IL-12), followed by a protective T cell response that is critical for parasite control. Naïve T cell activation requires both T-cell receptor (TCR) stimulation and the engagement of costimulatory receptors. Because of their important function in activating T cells, the expression of costimulatory ligands is believed to be under tight control. The molecular mechanisms governing their induction during microbial stimulation, however, are not well understood. We found that all three strains ofT. gondii(types I, II, and III) upregulated the expression of B7-2, but not B7-1, on the surface of mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages. Additionally, intraperitoneal infection of mice with green fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing parasites resulted in enhanced B7-2 levels specifically on infected, GFP+CD11b+cells. B7-2 induction occurred at the transcript level, required active parasite invasion, and was not dependent on MyD88 or TRIF. Functional assays demonstrated thatT. gondii-infected macrophages stimulated naïve T cell proliferation in a B7-2-dependent manner. Genome-wide transcriptional analysis comparing infected and uninfected macrophages revealed the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling in infected cells. Using specific inhibitors against MAPKs, we determined that parasite-induced B7-2 is dependent on Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK) but not extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) or p38 signaling. We also observed thatT. gondii-induced B7-2 expression on human peripheral blood monocytes is dependent on JNK signaling, indicating that a common mechanism of B7-2 regulation byT. gondiimay exist in both humans and mice.
Complete Genome Analysis of Sulfobacillus acidophilus Strain TPY, Isolated from a Hydrothermal Vent in the Pacific Ocean
Authors: Li Bo , Chen Yaping , Liu Qian , Hu Songnian , Chen Xinhua 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACT

Sulfobacillus acidophilus
strain TPY is a moderately thermoacidophilic bacterium originally isolated from a hydrothermal vent in the Pacific Ocean. Ferrous iron and sulfur oxidation in acidic environments in strain TPY have been confirmed. Here we report the genome sequence and annotation of the strain TPY, which is the first complete genome of
Sulfobacillus acidophilus
.
Genome Sequence of Lactobacillus versmoldensis KCTC 3814
Authors: Kim Dae-Soo , Choi Sang-Haeng , Kim Dong-Wook , Kim Ryong Nam , Nam Seong-Hyeuk , Kang Aram , Kim Aeri , Park Hong-Seog 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACT

Lactobacillus versmoldensis
KCTC 3814 was isolated from raw fermented poultry salami. The species was present in high numbers and frequently dominated the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) populations of the products. Here, we announce the draft genome sequence of
Lactobacillus versmoldensis
KCTC 3814, isolated from poultry salami, and describe major findings from its annotation.
Genome Sequence of Lactobacillus pentosus IG1, a Strain Isolated from Spanish-Style Green Olive Fermentations
Authors: Maldonado-Barragán Antonio , Caballero-Guerrero Belén , Lucena-Padrós Helena , Ruiz-Barba José Luis 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACT

Lactobacillus pentosus
is the most prevalent lactic acid bacterium in Spanish-style green olive fermentations. Here we present the draft genome sequence of
L. pentosus
IG1, a bacteriocin-producing strain with biotechnological and probiotic properties isolated from this food fermentations.
Whole Genome Sequence of the Rifamycin B-Producing Strain Amycolatopsis mediterranei S699
Authors: Verma Mansi , Kaur Jaspreet , Kumar Mukesh , Kumari Kirti , Saxena Anjali , Anand Shailly , Nigam Aeshna , Ravi Vydianathan , Raghuvanshi Saurabh , Khurana Paramjit , Tyagi Akhilesh K. , Khurana Jitendra P. , Lal Rup 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACT

Amycolatopsis mediterranei
S699 is an actinomycete that produces an important antibiotic, rifamycin B. Semisynthetic derivatives of rifamycin B are used for the treatment of tuberculosis, leprosy, and AIDS-related mycobacterial infections. Here, we report the complete genome sequence (10.2 Mb) of
A. mediterranei
S699, with 9,575 predicted coding sequences.