bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses, Structures and Properties of Linear and Branched Oligogermanes
Authors: Weinert Charles S. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Efforts in Preparation of Components of the Bacterial Cell Wall
Authors: Lee Mijoon , Hesek Dusan , Mobashery Shahriar 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: High Technology Materials Based on Modified Polysaccharides
Authors: Singh Ram P. , Pal Sagar , Krishnamoorthy S. , Adhikary P. , Ali Sk. Akbar 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Coherent Multidimensional Vibrational Spectroscopy of Biomolecules: Concepts, Simulations, and Challenges
Authors: Zhuang Wei , Hayashi Tomoyuki , Mukamel Shaul 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in the Study of the Bioactive Conformation of Taxol
Authors: Sun Liang , Simmerling Carlos , Ojima Iwao 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Surface Chemistry for Molecular Layer Deposition of Organic and Hybrid Organic—Inorganic Polymers
Authors: George Steven M. , Yoon Byunghoon , Dameron Arrelaine A. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Simultaneous determination of enantiomerization and hydrolysis kinetic parameters of chiral N‐alkylbenzothiadiazine derivatives
Authors: Carrozzo Marina M. , Cannazza Giuseppe , Battisti Umberto , Braghiroli Daniela , Parenti Carlo 
Published: July 2009

AbstractOn‐column stopped flow multidimensional HPLC (sfMDHPLC) and dynamic high‐performance liquid chromatography were applied to investigate the influence of alkyl substituents at the sulfonamidic and amino moieties of benzothiadiazine 1,1‐dioxide derivatives on hydrolysis and enantiomerization rate constants. The data obtained indicate the presence of pyrrolo substituent at the 3,4 positions on benzothiadiazine rings inhibits the hydrolysis, whereas the enantiomerization occurs in acidic medium. Hydrolysis rates are quite similar for the two benzothiadiazines methyl substituted to nitrogen at 2‐ and 4‐positions. Conversely, enantiomerization rate of 4‐N‐methyl substituted is significantly higher than 2‐N‐methyl substituted. Chirality 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Considerations for the control of background fluorescence in clinical flow cytometry
Authors: Hulspas Ruud , O'Gorman Maurice R.G. , Wood Brent L. , Gratama Jan W. , Sutherland D. Robert 
Published: July 2009

AbstractAccurate measurement of antigen‐positive cells by flow cytometry can be hampered by background fluorescence of antigen‐negative cells and other particles (e.g., debris). This article focuses on three major causes of background (autofluorescence, spectral overlap, and undesirable antibody binding) by reviewing individual aspects of flow cytometric measurements that contribute to these causes. The appropriate use of controls facilitates a thorough understanding of these contributing factors as well as the development of robust cell labeling protocols intended for routine flow cytometric analysis. We present a set of recommendations that enables the user to develop an optimized cell labeling protocol that minimizes background and maximizes the ability to reliably distinguish between a positive and a negative population of cells. These recommendations are also intended to augment existing guidelines designed to aid in the formulation of a consensus regarding the utility of flow cytometry for the analysis of clinical samples. © 2009 Clinical Cytometry Society
Ligand‐Free‐Palladium‐Catalyzed Direct 4‐Arylation of Isoxazoles Using Aryl Bromides
Authors: Fall Yacoub , Reynaud Céline , Doucet Henri , Santelli Maurice 
Published: July 2009

Abstract4‐Arylisoxazoles can be easily prepared by a palladium‐catalysed C–H bond activation/arylation of 3,5‐disubstituted isoxazoles using aryl or heteroaryl bromides. Good yields were generally obtained by using 0.1–0.5 mol‐% of the air‐stable PdCl2 complex as the catalyst. A range of functional groups such as acetyl, formyl, ester, fluoro, nitro, trifluoromethyl or nitrile on the aryl bromide is tolerated. This reaction is environmentally attractive, as the major waste is KBr/AcOH instead of the metallic salts arising from classical cross‐coupling procedures. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Synthesis of anti‐1,3‐Diols through RuCl3/PPh3‐Mediated Hydrogenation of β‐Hydroxy Ketones: An Alternative to Organoboron Reagents
Authors: Roche Christophe , Labeeuw Olivier , Haddad Mansour , Ayad Tahar , Genet Jean‐Pierre , Ratovelomanana‐Vidal Virginie , Phansavath Phannarath 
Published: July 2009

AbstractHydrogenation of enantioenriched β‐hydroxy ketones promoted by the catalyst generated in situ from commercially available and inexpensive RuCl3 and PPh3 under hydrogen pressure allowed the efficient preparation of a variety of anti‐1,3‐diols in good yields and with a high level of diastereoselectivity. This method should be an interesting alternative to organoboron reagents for the diastereoselective reduction of β‐hydroxy ketones. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Photoswitchable Unsymmetrical Ligand for DNA Hetero‐Mismatches
Authors: Dohno Chikara , Yamamoto Tsuyoshi , Nakatani Kazuhiko 
Published: July 2009

AbstractPhotoswitchable DNA‐binding ligands should be useful for controlling diverse biological functions involving DNA and reversible assembly of DNA‐based nanostructures. In work directed towards the development of photoswitchable ligands with various sequence specificities, we have elaborated an efficient synthesis of photoswitchable unsymmetrical ligands possessing pairs of different base recognition elements. A novel photoswitchable ligand incorporating an acylated aminonaphthyridine and an azaquinolone as its base recognition elements can bind to the CAG/CAG sequence in response to light stimuli.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Efficient Synthesis of β‐Glycosphingolipids by Reaction of Stannylceramides with Glycosyl Iodides Promoted by TBAI/AW 300 Molecular Sieves
Authors: Morales‐Serna José Antonio , Díaz Yolanda , Matheu M. Isabel , Castillón Sergio 
Published: July 2009

AbstractTBAI and acid‐washed molecular sieves efficiently promoted the glycosylation of stannylceramides with glycosyl iodides. This direct glycosylation reaction reduces the overall number of synthetic steps and provides rapid access to β‐glycosphingolipids such as GalCer, β‐lactosylceramide, and iGB3 in good yield and with complete chemo‐ and stereoselectivity. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Conductivity and Methanol Permeability of Nafion–Zirconium Phosphate Composite Membranes Containing High Aspect Ratio Filler Particles
Authors: Casciola M. , Bagnasco G. , Donnadio A. , Micoli L. , Pica M. , Sganappa M. , Turco M. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractGels of exfoliated α‐zirconium phosphate (ZrPexf) in dimethylformamide (DMF) were used to prepare Nafion/ZrPexf composite membranes with filler loadings up to 7 wt.‐% by casting mixtures of Nafion 1100 solutions in DMF and suitable amounts of 2 wt.‐% ZrP gels in DMF. TEM pictures showed that the ZrPexf particles had aspect ratio of at least 20. All samples were characterised by methanol permeability (P) and through‐plane (σthp) and in‐plane (σinp) conductivity measurements at 40 °C and 100% RH. The methanol permeability of Nafion membranes containing in situ grown ZrP particles with low aspect ratio (Nafion/ZrPisg) was also determined. The methanol permeability and the swelling behaviour of the composite membranes turned out to be strongly dependent on the filler morphology. As a general trend, both permeability and swelling decreased according to the sequence: Nafion/ZrPisg > Nafion > Nafion/ZrPexf. The maximum selectivity (σthp/P = 1.4 × 105 S cm–3 s) was found for the membrane filled with 1 wt.‐% ZrPexf: this value is seven times higher than that of Nafion. For the Nafion/ZrPexf membranes, the ratio σinp/σthp increases with the filler loading, thus indicating that the preferred orientation of the ZrP sheets is parallel to the membrane surface.
Microblock Ionomers: A New Concept in High Temperature, Swelling‐Resistant Membranes for PEM Fuel Cells
Authors: Zhu Z. , Walsby N. M. , Colquhoun H. M. , Thompsett D. , Petrucco E. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractA novel series of polyaromatic ionomers with similar equivalent weights but very different sulphonic acid distributions along the ionomer backbone has been designed and prepared. By synthetically organising the sequence‐distribution so that it consists of fully defined ionic segments (containing singlets, doublets or quadruplets of sulphonic acid groups) alternating strictly with equally well‐defined nonionic spacer segments, a new class of polymers which may be described as microblock ionomers has been developed. These materials exhibit very different properties and morphologies from analogous randomly substituted systems. Progressively extending the nonionic spacer length in the repeat unit (maintaining a constant equivalent weight by increasing the degree of sulphonation of the ionic segment) leads to an increasing degree of nanophase separation between hydrophilic and hydrophobic domains in these materials. Membranes cast from ionomers with the more highly phase‐separated morphologies show significantly higher onset temperatures for uncontrolled swelling in water. This new type of ionomer design has enabled the fabrication of swelling‐resistant hydrocarbon membranes, suitable for fuel cell operation, with very much higher ion exchange capacities (>2 meq g–1) than those previously reported in the literature. When tested in a fuel cell at high temperature (120 °C) and low relative humidity (35% RH), the best microblock membrane matched the performance of Nafion 112. Moreover, comparative low load cycle testing of membrane ‐electrode assemblies suggests that the durability of the new membranes under conditions of high temperature and low relative humidity is superior to that of conventional perfluorinated materials.
Serum S100B in elderly patients with and without delirium
Authors: van Munster Barbara C. , Korevaar Johanna C. , Korse Catharina M. , Bonfrer Johannes M. , Zwinderman Aeilko H. , de Rooij Sophia E. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractObjectiveElevation of S100B has been shown after various neurologic diseases with cognitive dysfunction. The aim of this study was to compare the serum level of S100B of patients with and without delirium and investigate the possible associations with different subtypes of delirium.MethodsAcutely admitted medical patients aged 65 years or more were included from 2005 through 2008. Delirium was diagnosed by Confusion Assessment Method, delirium subtype by Delirium Symptom Interview and preexistent global cognitive function by the ‘Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline‐short form’. S100B levels were determined in serum by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay.ResultsSamples of 412 patients were included, 91 during delirium, 35 after delirium and 286 of patients without delirium. Patients with delirium (31%) were significantly older, 81.5 versus 76.6 years (p < 0.001) and experienced significantly more often preexistent cognitive and functional impairment (p < 0.001). S100B level differed significantly (p = 0.004) between the three groups: median 0.07 μg/L (inter‐quartile ranges: 0.05–0.14 μg/L) during delirium, 0.12 μg/L (0.05–0.29 μg/L) after delirium and 0.06 μg/L (0.03–0.10 μg/L) in patients without delirium. Combining the impact of cognitive impairment, infection and age on S100B, highest S100B was observed in the oldest patients after delirium with preexistent cognitive impaired and infection. Delirium subtype and S100B level were not significantly correlated.ConclusionHigher S100B levels were found in patients with delirium than in patients without delirium, with highest levels of S100B in samples taken after delirium. Future studies are needed to elucidate the mechanism responsible for the increase of S100B and the possible association with long term cognitive impairment. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
fMRI activation in late‐life anxious depression: a potential biomarker
Authors: Andreescu Carmen , Butters Meryl , Lenze Eric J. , Venkatraman Vijay K. , Nable Megan , Reynolds Charles F. , Aizenstein Howard J. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractObjective and MethodsThe neurobiology of late‐life anxious depression (LLAD) is poorly characterized despite evidence that this is a common and severe subtype of late‐life depression. To identify the neuroanatomical substrate of LLAD, we examined event‐related fMRI data collected in eight subjects with late‐life depression, half of whom had high levels of comorbid anxiety. Subjects were trained on the Preparing to Overcome Prepotency (POP) task, which is an executive control task that reliably activates the lateral prefrontal cortex–anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) cognitive control circuit.ResultsTime series analysis showed that, when compared with elderly depressed subjects, elderly subjects with anxious depression performing the POP task produced a significantly greater and more sustained signal in three regions: BA24 (dorsal anterior cingulate), BA31 (posterior cingulate), and BA6 (prefrontal cortex). While elderly subjects with pure depression presented a bimodal activation curve in the dorsal anterior cingulate and the posterior cingulate, elderly subjects with anxious depression presented a sustained unimodal activation pattern.ConclusionsOur preliminary results suggest specific activation patterns unique to anxious depression that may suggest greater and more sustained efforts of the ACC to carry out cognitive control tasks. Further research is needed to clarify the neuroanatomical basis of LLAD. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The cognitive change checklist (3CL): cross‐validation of a measure of change in everyday cognition
Authors: Schinka John A. , Raj Ashok , Loewenstein David A. , Small Brent J. , Duara2 Ranjan , Potter Huntington 
Published: July 2009

AbstractObjectiveThe recently developed cognitive change checklist (3CL) is comprised of four scales titled memory, executive, language, and remote recall. A previous study demonstrated that the checklist met criteria for reliability and validity in characterizing cases of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and early dementia in a memory disorder clinic sample. In this study we examined further the reliability, validity, and efficacy of the 3CL in distinguishing among groups of normal individuals, those with cognitive complaints, amnestic and non‐amnestic MCI cases, and early‐stage demented individuals.DesignScale validation study.SettingAlzheimer's Disease Research CenterParticipantsOne hundred and twenty‐five individuals who completed extensive evaluations as part of a longitudinal study of cognitive change.ResultsScale reliabilities were found to be well within guidelines to support their use in the clinical assessment of change in global and specific cognitive domains. The factor structure of the 3CL was found to be highly similar to that originally reported. Validation support was obtained from correlational analyses that showed significant scale relationships with neurocognitive measures and with MRI ratings of medial temporal atrophy. Informant 3CL scales were found to discriminate individuals with cognitive complaints but without clinical findings from those individuals with amnestic MCI or early dementia.ConclusionResults extend the foundation of support for the use of the 3CL as a measure to facilitate identification of cases of MCI and early AD. Further examination of the diagnostic utility of the scale, and of its value in combination with cognitive screening measures, will also be required. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Immature myeloid cells induced by a high-fat diet contribute to liver inflammation #
Authors: Deng Zhong-bin , Liu Yuelong , Liu Cunren , Xiang Xiaoyu , Wang Jianhua , Cheng Ziqiang , Shah Spandan V. , Zhang Shuangyin , Zhang Liming , Zhuang Xiaoying , Michalek Sue , Grizzle William E. , Zhang Huang-Ge 
Published: July 2009

Abstract
Chronic inflammation plays a critical role in promoting obesity-related disorders, such as fatty liver disease. The inflammatory cells that mediate these effects remain unknown. This study investigated the accumulation of immature myeloid cells in the liver and their role in liver inflammation. We found that the accumulation of immature myeloid cells, i.e., CD11b+Ly6ChiLy6G− cells, in the liver of B6 mice fed a high-fat diet contribute to liver inflammation. Adoptive transfer of CD11b+Ly6ChiLy6G− cells isolated from the liver of obese B6 mice, but not from lean B6 mice, resulted in liver damage that was evident by an increase in the activity of liver transferases in serum. CD11b+Ly6ChiLy6G− cells isolated from the liver of obese mice are more easily activated by way of Toll-like receptor (TLR) stimulation resulting in interleukin 12 and other inflammatory cytokine expression in an MyD88-dependent fashion. TLR7-activated CD11b+Ly6ChiLy6G− cells also enhance liver natural killer T cell (NKT) death in an Fas-dependent manner. Experiments using mice depleted of Gr-1+ immature myeloid cells demonstrated the important role of CD11b+Ly6ChiLy6G− in liver inflammation. Repeated injection of exosome-like particles causes CD11b+ cell activation and subsequent homing to and accumulation of the cells in the liver. Conclusion: Consumption of a high-fat diet by B6 mice triggers an accumulation of immature myeloid cells in the liver. The immature myeloid cells release proinflammatory cytokines and induce NKT cell apoptosis. Activation-induced NKT apoptosis further promotes excessive production of Th-1 cytokines. This diet-induced accumulation of immature myeloid cells may contribute to obesity-related liver disease. (Hepatology 2009.)
Hydrometeorological controls and erosive response of an extreme alpine debris flow
Authors: Marchi Lorenzo , Cavalli Marco , Sangati Marco , Borga Marco 
Published: July 2009

AbstractOn 29 August, 2003, an intense convective storm system affected the Fella River basin, in the eastern Italian Alps, producing rainfall peaks of approximately 390 mm in 12 h. The storm triggered an unusually large debris flow in the ungauged Rio Cucco basin (0·65 km2), with a volume of approximately 78 000 m3. The analysis of the time evolution of the rainstorm over the basin has been based on rainfall estimates from radar observations and data recorded by a raingauge network. Detailed geomorphological field surveys, carried out both before and after the flood of August 2003, and the application of a distributed hydrological model have enabled assessment of flood response, estimation of erosion volumes and sediment supply to the channel network. The accounts of two eyewitnesses have provided useful elements for reconstructing the time evolution and the flow processes involved in the event. Liquid peak discharge estimates cluster around 20 m3 s−1 km−2, placing this event on the flood envelope curve for the eastern Italian Alps. The hydrological analysis has shown that the major controls of the flood response were the exceptional cumulated rainfall amount, required to exceed the large initial losses, and the large rainfall intensities at hourly temporal scales, required to generate high flood response at the considered basin scale. Observations on the deposits accumulated on the alluvial fan indicate that, although the dominant flow process was a debris flow, sheetflood also contributed to fan aggradation and fluvial reworking had an important role in winnowing debris‐flow lobes and redistributing sediment on the fan surface. This points out to the large discharge values during the recession phase of the flood, implying an important role for subsurface flow on runoff generation of this extreme flash flood event. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Parameter estimation and uncertainty analysis of SWAT model in upper reaches of the Heihe river basin
Authors: Li Zhanling , Xu Zongxue , Shao Quanxi , Yang Jing 
Published: July 2009

AbstractHeihe river basin, the second largest inland river basin in China, has attracted more attention in China due to the ever increasing water resources and eco‐environmental problems. In this article, SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool; http://www.brc.tamus.edu/swat/) model was applied to upper reaches of the basin for better understanding of the hydrological process over the watershed. Parameter uncertainty and its contribution on model simulation are the main foci. In model calibration, the aggregate parameters instead of the original parameters in SWAT model were used to reduce the computing effort. The Bayesian approach was employed for parameter estimation and uncertainty analysis because its posterior distribution provides not only parameter estimation but also uncertainty analysis without normality assumption. The results indicated that: (1) SWAT model performs satisfactorily in this watershed as a whole, although some low and high flows were under‐ or overestimated, particularly in dry (e.g. 1991) and wet (e.g. 1996) years; (2) all calibrated parameters were not normally distributed (essentially positively or negatively skewed) and the parameter uncertainties were relatively small; and (3) the contributions of parameter uncertainty on model simulation uncertainty were relatively small. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.