bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Environmental warming increases the importance of high‐turnover energy channels in stream food webs
Authors: Junker James R. , Cross Wyatt F. , Hood James M. , Benstead Jonathan P. , Huryn Alexander D. , Nelson Daniel , Ólafsson Jón S. , Gíslason Gísli M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWarming temperatures are altering communities and trophic networks across Earth's ecosystems. While the overall influence of warming on food webs is often context‐dependent, increasing temperatures are predicted to change communities in two fundamental ways: (1) by reducing average body size and (2) by increasing individual metabolic rates. These warming‐induced changes have the potential to influence the distribution of food web fluxes, food web stability, and the relative importance of deterministic and stochastic ecological processes shaping community assembly. Here, we quantified patterns and the relative distribution of organic matter fluxes through stream food webs spanning a broad natural temperature gradient (5–27°C). We then related these patterns to species and community trait distributions of mean body size and population biomass turnover (P:B) within and across streams. We predicted that (1) communities in warmer streams would exhibit smaller body size and higher P:B and (2) organic matter fluxes within warmer communities would increasingly skew toward smaller, higher P:B populations. Across the temperature gradient, warmer communities were characterized by smaller body size (~9% per °C) and higher P:B (~7% faster turnover per °C) populations on average. Additionally, organic matter fluxes within warmer streams were increasingly skewed toward higher P:B populations, demonstrating that warming can restructure organic matter fluxes in both an absolute and relative sense. With warming, the relative distribution of organic matter fluxes was decreasingly likely to arise through the random sorting of species, suggesting stronger selection for traits driving high turnover with increasing temperature. Our study suggests that a warming world will favor energy fluxes through “smaller and faster” populations, and that these changes may be more predictable than previously thought.
Monitoring and predicting the presence and abundance of juvenile Atlantic salmon in tributaries according to habitat characteristics using environmental DNA
Authors: Berger Chloé Suzanne , Gagnon Sabrina , Bernatchez Louis , Bergeron Normand 
Published: May 2024

AbstractConservation of the Atlantic salmon Salmo salar requires to monitor the spatial distribution and abundance of juveniles at a local scale in tributaries. However, tributaries are rarely accounted for in monitoring programs despite their importance for juvenile life stages. This is mainly because inventories of young salmon populations in tributaries can be technically challenging with traditional methods, as the number of tributaries in a watershed can be important and their access limited compared to the main stem. In this study, we tested the use of environmental DNA (eDNA) to quantify the abundance of juvenile Atlantic salmon in tributaries. We successfully detected eDNA of juvenile Atlantic salmon in 19 tributaries of three main rivers of the Gaspé Peninsula (Québec, Canada) using quantitative real‐time PCR analyses. By comparing the eDNA approach with electrofishing surveys conducted in parallel to water sampling, we found that eDNA concentrations positively correlated with juvenile abundance, total biomass, and body surface area. The use of the allometrically scaled mass (ASM) instead of abundance improved the correlation. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the levels of eDNA molecules detected for juvenile Atlantic salmon were also correlated with water temperature and canopy cover measured in each tributary. Finally, we tested if eDNA concentrations measured in a tributary could be used as a reliable indicator of juvenile abundance or biomass in that tributary. We found that our models slightly better predicted juvenile biomass than juvenile abundance. The use of ASM did not improve model prediction, suggesting that further refinement would be required in the future. Our method will facilitate the implementation of conservation practices appropriate to the ecology of juvenile Atlantic salmon in tributaries.
Marine sediment infauna‐based environmental assessment using metabarcoding identifies potential impact indicator species
Authors: Hale Rachel , Crampton‐Platt Alex , Bruce Kat , Tang Cuong Q. , Maguire Michael , Marsh Maija K. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDeveloping large‐scale monitoring strategies for marine habitats with appropriate temporal and spatial resolution is challenging logistically and economically. We compare potential DNA metabarcoding infaunal identification methods with traditional morphological assessment of marine intertidal biodiversity across two protected sites of contrasting anthropogenic impact on the south coast of England. We show that all the methodologies are effective at distinguishing the distinct communities present at each site. While morphological methods provide community abundance and biomass information, data derived from 18S metabarcoding of sediment scrapes showed the strongest discriminations between sites with contrasting anthropogenic pressures. This difference is due to the inclusion of more taxa from a wider spectrum of biodiversity in this dataset. However, 18S OTU abundance was a poor predictor of morphological taxa abundance and biomass. Examination of the presence or absence of taxa at the more or less impacted sites allows us to identify potential indicator taxa for future surveys, such as families in the phyla Ascidiacea, Cnidaria, Nematoda, and Platyhelminthes; taxa which are not traditionally incorporated into morphology‐based assessments due to the difficulty and expense of identification. DNA metabarcoding tools provide a more comprehensive snapshot of marine biodiversity compared to morphological surveys, and therefore an opportunity to assess the responses of more organisms to environmental stressors and develop novel metrics for habitat assessment. This could greatly benefit future monitoring programs and the assessment of management impacts in marine habitats.
Pulmonary artery elastance as a predictor of hospital mortality in heart failure cardiogenic shock
Authors: Baldetti Luca , den Uil Corstiaan A. , Fiore Giorgio , Gallone Guglielmo , Romagnolo Davide , Peveri Beatrice , Cianfanelli Lorenzo , Calvo Francesco , Gramegna Mario , Pazzanese Vittorio , Sacchi Stefania , Dias‐Frias André , Ajello Silvia , Scandroglio Anna Mara 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimsThe initial bundle of cares strongly affects haemodynamics and outcomes in acute decompensated heart failure cardiogenic shock (ADHF‐CS). We sought to characterize whether 24 h haemodynamic profiling provides superior prognostic information as compared with admission assessment and which haemodynamic parameters best predict in‐hospital death.Methods and resultsAll patients with ADHF‐CS and with available admission and 24 h invasive haemodynamic assessment from two academic institutions were considered for this study. The primary endpoint was in‐hospital death. Regression analyses were run to identify relevant predictors of study outcome. We included 127 ADHF‐CS patients [65 (inter‐quartile range 52–72) years, 25.2% female]. Overall, in‐hospital mortality occurred in 26.8%. Non‐survivors were older, with greater CS severity. Among admission variables, age [odds ratio (OR) = 1.06; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02–1.11; Padj = 0.005] and CPIRAP (OR = 0.62 for 0.1 increment; 95% CI: 0.39–0.95; Padj = 0.034) were found significantly associated with in‐hospital death. Among 24 h haemodynamic univariate predictors of in‐hospital death, pulmonary elastance (PaE) was the strongest (area under the curve of 0.77; 95% CI: 0.68–0.86). PaE (OR = 5.98; 95% CI: 2.29–17.48; Padj < 0.001), pulmonary artery pulsatility index (PAPi, OR = 0.77; 95% CI: 0.62–0.92; Padj = 0.013) and age (OR = 1.06; 95% CI: 1.02–1.11; Padj = 0.010) were independently associated with in‐hospital death. Best cut‐off for PaE was 0.85 mmHg/mL and for PAPi was 2.95; cohort phenotyping based on these PaE and PAPi thresholds further increased in‐hospital death risk stratification; patients with 24 h high PaE and low PAPi exhibited the highest in‐hospital mortality (56.2%).ConclusionsPulmonary artery elastance has been found to be the most powerful 24 h haemodynamic predictor of in‐hospital death in patients with ADHF‐CS. Age, 24 h PaE, and PAPi are independently associated with hospital mortality. PaE captures ventricular (RV) afterload mismatch and PAPi provides a metric of RV adaptation, thus their combination generates four distinct haemodynamic phenotypes, enhancing in‐hospital death risk stratification.
Association of a device‐based remote management heart failure pathway with outcomes: TriageHF Plus real‐world evaluation
Authors: Ahmed Fozia Zahir , Sammut‐Powell Camilla , Martin Glen P. , Callan Paul , Cunnington Colin , Kahn Matthew , Kale Mita , Weldon Toni , Harwood Rachel , Fullwood Catherine , Gerritse Bart , Lanctin David , Soken Nelson , Campbell Niall G. , Taylor Joanne K. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimsClinical pathways have been shown to improve outcomes in patients with heart failure (HF). Although patients with HF often have a cardiac implantable electronic device, few studies have reported the utility of device‐derived risk scores to augment and organize care. TriageHF Plus is a device‐based HF clinical pathway (DHFP) that uses remote monitoring alerts to trigger structured telephone assessment for HF stability and optimization. We aimed to evaluate the impact of TriageHF Plus on hospitalizations and describe the associated workforce burden.Methods and resultsTriageHF Plus was a multi‐site, prospective study that compared outcomes for patients recruited between April 2019 and February 2021. All alert‐triggered assessments were analysed to determine the appropriateness of the alert and the workload burden. A negative‐binomial regression with inverse probability treatment weighting using a time‐matched usual care cohort was applied to estimate the effect of TriageHF Plus on non‐elective hospitalizations. A post hoc pre‐COVID‐19 sensitivity analysis was also performed. The TriageHF Plus cohort (n = 443) had a mean age of 68.8 ± 11.2 years, 77% male (usual care cohort: n = 315, mean age of 66.2 ± 14.5 years, 65% male). In the TriageHF Plus cohort, an acute medical issue was identified following an alert in 79/182 (43%) cases. Fifty assessments indicated acute HF, requiring clinical action in 44 cases. At 30 day follow‐up, 39/66 (59%) of initially symptomatic patients reported improvement, and 20 (19%) initially asymptomatic patients had developed new symptoms. On average, each assessment took 10 min. The TriageHF Plus group had a 58% lower rate of hospitalizations across full follow‐up [incidence relative ratio: 0.42, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.23–0.76, P = 0.004]. Across the pre‐COVID‐19 window, hospitalizations were 31% lower (0.69, 95% CI: 0.46–1.04, P = 0.077).ConclusionsThese data represent the largest real‐world evaluation of a DHFP based on multi‐parametric risk stratification. The TriageHF Plus clinical pathway was associated with an improvement in HF symptoms and reduced all‐cause hospitalizations.
Overexpression of zinc‐finger protein 418 inhibits pathological cardiac remodelling after acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Jiang Hongfei , Lai Fei , Wang Xixing , Meng Fanqi , Zhu Weiliang , Huang Shan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimsZinc‐finger protein 418 (ZNF418) has been confirmed to be expressed in myocardial tissue. However, the role and mechanism of ZNF418 in pathological myocardial remodelling after myocardial infarction (MI) have not been reported. This study was to elucidate the effect and mechanism of ZNF418 on ventricular remodelling after MI in mice.Methods and resultsMI mice and H9c2 cardiomyocytes were used to conduct in vivo and in vitro experiments, respectively. ZNF418 expression was regulated by adeno‐associated virus 9 and adenovirus vectors. Pathological analysis, echocardiography, and molecular analysis were performed. ZNF418 was down‐regulated in the left ventricular tissues of post‐MI mice. In contrast, ZNF418 overexpression decreased mortality and improved cardiac function in MI mice. The MI mice exhibited a significantly increased cross‐sectional area of myocardial cells and elevated protein expression levels of myocardial hypertrophy markers ANP, BNP, and β‐MHC (all P < 0.05). Moreover, a significantly increased area of myocardial fibrosis and protein expression levels of myocardial fibrosis markers collagen I, collagen III, and CTGF were observed in MI mice (all P < 0.05) in MI mice. All of the above negative effects in MI mice were ameliorated in ZNF418 overexpressed mice (all P < 0.05). Mechanistically, ZNF418 overexpression inhibited the activation of the MAPK signalling pathway, as evidenced by the in vivo and in vitro experiments.ConclusionsOverexpression of ZNF418 could improve cardiac function and inhibit pathological cardiac remodelling by inhibiting the MAPK signalling pathway in post‐MI mice.
Evolution of riverbed morphology in a main‐stem river due to management of sediment source areas
Authors: Yang Cheng , Yang Zaizhi , Zhong Ronghua , Huang Jiangcheng , Zhang Xinbao , Cheng Yang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe evolution of riverbeds is greatly impacted by changes in the water–sediment relationship resulting from the movement of debris flows. However, little is known about the influence of management in chronic sediment source areas on the evolution of main‐stem riverbed morphology. In this study, we used multi‐source remote sensing images covering the past 50 years along with water–sediment and topographic data from a river basin, and sediment transport data from debris flows, to analyze the evolutionary processes of the middle and lower reaches of the Daying River (DYR) at the China‐Myanmar border. Our results showed that (1) management of the sediment source area shifted the riverbed morphology from aggradation to erosion, transforming the river surface from wide and shallow to narrow and deep, and the channel from multi‐threaded to single‐threaded; (2) the active alluvial area, marginal bar area, and average river width exhibited an inverted V‐shaped trend, increasing by at least 23% and then decreasing by more than 59%; and (3) the evolution of riverbed morphology contributed to the stability of downstream riverbeds, improved flood control, and enhanced utilization of the floodplains.
Integrated analysis of transcriptomic and metabolomic data reveals how slurry ice treatment affects sugar metabolism in sweet corn (Zea mays L. var saccharata) during cold storage
Authors: Zhao Yaqi , Shi Wenlin , Wang Zhiqiang , Yan Zhicheng , Shi Junyan , Zuo Jinhua , Feng Bihong , Wang Qing 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSweet corn rapidly loses its sweetness, along with other nutrients, once it is harvested, which reduces its economic value. The present study was conducted to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms by which a rapid cooling slurry ice (SI) treatment followed by storage at 0 ± 0.5°C extends the postharvest quality of sweet corn relative to slower direct cooling at 0 ± 0.5°C. In this study, we found that SI treatment can maintain the appearance quality of sweet corn and inhibit grain shrinkage, respiration, and ethylene release. SI treatment delayed the aging of corn by regulating the expression levels of genes and the levels of metabolites. SI treatment also maintains its carbohydrate content, which is mainly related to starch and sucrose metabolism, glycolysis, citric acid cycle, pentose phosphate pathway, and cutin biosynthesis. The results provide a possible target for improving the postharvest quality of sweet corn.
Lonicera japonica Thunb. and its characteristic component chlorogenic acid alleviated experimental colitis by promoting Lactobacillus and fecal short‐chain fatty acids production
Authors: Chen Jiebiao , Xu Wanhua , Liu Yang , Liang Xiao , Chen Yunyi , Liang Jiaojiao , Cao Jinping , Lu Baiyi , Sun Chongde , Wang Yue 
Published: May 2024

AbstractUlcerative colitis is intricately linked to intestinal oxidative stress and dysbiosis of the gut microbiota. Lonicera japonica Thunb. (LJ) is a traditional edible and medical flower in China, and chlorogenic acid (CGA) is one of its characteristic components. However, it remains unclear whether gut microbiota plays a role in the therapeutic effects of LJ and GCA on colitis. Here, we first observed that oral administration of LJ and CGA for 3 weeks dramatically promoted the growth of Lactobacillus and fecal short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production in healthy mice. Subsequently, the alleviating effects of LJ and CGA on colitis were explored with a dextran sulfate sodium‐induced colitis mice model. The intervention of LJ and CGA notably alleviated inflammation, intestinal barrier impairment, and oxidative stress in colitis and led to a significant elevation in Lactobacillus and fecal SCFAs. Eventually, the key role of gut microbiota and their metabolites on the therapeutic effects was validated by performing fecal microbiota transplantation and sterile fecal suspensions transplantation from LJ and CGA‐treated healthy mice to colitis mice. Our findings demonstrated that consumption of LJ and CGA could benefit the host both in healthy condition and colitis. The beneficial effects were attributed to the improvement of the endogenous antioxidant system and promotion of the probiotic Lactobacillus and SCFAs production. Our study highlighted the great potential of LJ and CGA to be consumed as functional foods and provided novel mechanisms by which they alleviated colitis.
The Latrobe Smoking Support Service: A quantitative study of participants in a regional area
Authors: Porter Joanne E. , Soldatenko Daria , Borgelt Kaye , Sewell Lauren , Prokopiv Valerie , Simic Megan , James Michelle , Reimers Vaughan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsMore than 70% of current smokers in Australia have a definite plan to stop smoking and around half of them try to quit every year. Latrobe Community Health Service (LCHS) was commissioned by Gippsland Primary Health Network to establish Latrobe Smoking Support Service (LSSS) to break down barriers to accessing services and increase support for smoking cessation. This research aims to assess the feasibility of an ongoing smoking cessation support service and determine the effect the LSSS has on client smoking behavior.MethodsQuantitative data were collected for the LSSS situated at LCHS during the period from September 2021 to March 2022. A new client survey, a returning client survey, and a 6‐week follow‐up survey were conducted by Clinic staff. The consent forms were obtained from the clients. A total of 117 clients attended the LSSS at least once, and a further 315 returning client sessions were conducted. The data analysis was undertaken by means of various descriptive and inferential statistical techniques, such as multiple linear regression analysis.ResultsThe research findings demonstrate the strong positive effect of the LSSS in helping clients to change their smoking behavior. Results of multiple regression analysis highlight the significant role of behavioral intervention strategies in the LSSS's success. A combination of both nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and counseling was a key contributor to the project's success.ConclusionThis research proposed and tested the model of a smoking cessation support service that combines a comprehensive mix of services for smokers including free NRT, free counseling, and ongoing support of counselors or/and nurse practitioners.
The association between BMI and continuity of etonogestrel (ENG)‐releasing implant
Authors: Mohr‐Sasson Aya , Dalal Leanne , Bhalwal Asha 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe etonogestrel‐releasing implant is a long‐acting reversible contraception that is recommended by the Food and Drug Administration for 3 years and has been proven to be highly effective and convenient. Adverse effects including irregular bleeding patterns, weight gain, and acne are reported to be the main reasons for treatment discontinuation. The aim of this study is to learn the association between body mass index (BMI, calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters) and the incidence of side effects and adherence to treatment.MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort study, conducted at a single university‐affiliated medical clinic, including all women who underwent etonogestrel‐releasing implant (Nexplanon®; New Jersey, USA, Organon USA Inc., Merck and Co) insertion between January 2019 and December 2021. Cases where abnormalities were reported during the insertion procedure or missing data were excluded from the study. Information on patients' demographic, medical history, obstetric and gynecological history, and follow‐up was collected from electronic medical files. The primary outcome was defined as the rate of implant removal in the different obesity classes. Data are presented as median and interquartile range. The study was approved by institutional review board.ResultsThe study population included 1318 women, of whom 466 (35%) requested early removal of the implant. Women's demographic and clinical characteristics were comparable between women who requested early removal and those with full‐length treatment. The median time for early removal was 12 (6–20) months from insertion. Irregular bleeding was the most frequent reason for early removal in both groups and was more than twice as prevalent in the early removal group (239 [51.29%] vs 193 [22%], P = 0.001). The early removal group had fewer obese women (BMI ≥30) compared with women who had full‐length treatment (163 [31.8%] vs 350 [68.2%], P = 0.03), with comparable rates of class 3 obesity women (BMI ≥40) (P = 0.68). Multi‐regression logistic analysis including age, BMI, parity and side effects found that the presence of side effects is the only independent predictor significantly associated with early implant removal (B = 1.74, P = 0.04).ConclusionsContinuation of etonogestrel‐releasing implant contraception treatment was associated with the presence of side effects that were more often reported in non‐obese women. BMI was not found to be a significant factor influencing adherence to treatment.