bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of revision total hip replacement for infection after grading according to a standard protocol
Authors: Oussedik S. I. S. , Dodd M. B. , Haddad F. S. 
Published: August 2010

Periprosthetic infection following total hip replacement can be a catastrophic complication for the patient. The treatments available include single-stage exchange, and two-stage exchange. We present a series of 50 consecutive patients with a diagnosis of infected total hip replacement who were assessed according to a standardised protocol. Of these, 11 underwent single-stage revision arthroplasty with no recurrence of infection at a mean of 6.8 years follow-up (5.5 to 8.8). The remaining 39 underwent two-stage revision, with two recurrences of infection successfully treated by a second two-stage procedure. At five years, significant differences were found in the mean Harris Hip Scores (single-stage 87.8; two-stage 75.5; p = 0.0003) and in a visual analogue score for satisfaction (8.6; 6.9; p = 0.001) between the single- and two-stage groups. Single-stage exchange is successful in eradicating periprosthetic infection and results in excellent functional and satisfaction scores. Identification of patients suitable for the single-stage procedure allows individualisation of care and provides as many as possible with the correct strategy in successfully tackling their periprosthetic infection
The effectiveness of interventions in the management of patients with primary frozen shoulder
Authors: Rookmoneea M. , Dennis L. , Brealey S. , Rangan A. , White B. , McDaid C. , Harden M. 
Published: August 2010

There are many types of treatment used to manage the frozen shoulder, but there is no consensus on how best to manage patients with this painful and debilitating condition. We conducted a review of the evidence of the effectiveness of interventions used to manage primary frozen shoulder using the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, the Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, the Physiotherapy Evidence Database, MEDLINE and EMBASE without language or date restrictions up to April 2009. Two authors independently applied selection criteria and assessed the quality of systematic reviews using the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) tool. Data were synthesised narratively, with emphasis placed on assessing the quality of evidence. In total, 758 titles and abstracts were identified and screened, which resulted in the inclusion of 11 systematic reviews. Although these met most of the AMSTAR quality criteria, there was insufficient evidence to draw firm conclusions about the effectiveness of treatments commonly used to manage a frozen shoulder. This was mostly due to poor methodological quality and small sample size in primary studies included in the reviews. We found no reviews evaluating surgical interventions. More rigorous randomised trials are needed to evaluate the treatments used for frozen shoulder.
The plain β-angle measured on radiographs in the assessment of femoroacetabular impingement
Authors: Brunner A. , Hamers A. T. , Fitze M. , Herzog R. F. 
Published: August 2010

The β-angle is a radiological tool for measuring the distance between the pathological head-neck junction and the acetabular rim with the hip in 90° of flexion in patients with femoroacetabular impingement. Initially it was measured using an open-chamber MRI. We have developed a technique to measure this angle on plain radiographs. Correlation analysis was undertaken to determine the relationship between the range of movement and the β-angle in 50 patients with femoroacetabular impingement and 50 asymptomatic control subjects. Inter- and intra-observer reliability of the β-angle was also evaluated.Patients with femoroacetabular impingement had a significantly smaller (p < 0.001) mean β-angle (15.6°, 95% confidence interval (CI) 13.3 to 17.7) compared with the asymptomatic group (38.7°, 95% CI 36.5 to 41.0). Correlation between internal rotation and the β-angle was high in the impingement group and moderate in the asymptomatic group. The β-angle had excellent inter- and intra-observer reliability in both groups.Our findings suggest that the measurement of the β-angle on plain radiography may represent a valid, reproducible and cost-effective alternative to open MRI in the assessment of the pathological bony anatomy in patients with cam, pincer and mixed femoroacetabular impingement.
Photographic measurement of the inclination of the acetabular component in total hip replacement using the posterior approach
Authors: Hill J. C. , Gibson D. P. , Pagoti R. , Beverland D. E. 
Published: August 2010

The angle of inclination of the acetabular component in total hip replacement is a recognised contributing factor in dislocation and early wear. During non-navigated surgery, insertion of the acetabular component has traditionally been performed at an angle of 45° relative to the sagittal plane as judged by the surgeon’s eye, the operative inclination. Typically, the method used to assess inclination is the measurement made on the postoperative anteroposterior radiograph, the radiological inclination. The aim of this study was to measure the intra-operative angle of inclination of the acetabular component on 60 consecutive patients in the lateral decubitus position when using a posterior approach during total hip replacement. This was achieved by taking intra-operative photographs of the acetabular inserter, representing the acetabular axis, and a horizontal reference. The results were compared with the post-operative radiological inclination. The mean post-operative radiological inclination was 13° greater than the photographed operative inclination, which was unexpectedly high. It appears that in the lateral decubitus position with a posterior approach, the uppermost hemipelvis adducts, thus reducing the apparent operative inclination. Surgeons using the posterior approach in lateral decubitus need to aim for a lower operative inclination than when operating with the patient supine in order to achieve an acceptable radiological inclination.
An audit of the role of vitamin K in the reversal of International Normalised Ratio (INR) in patients undergoing surgery for hip fracture
Authors: Bhatia Maneesh , Talawadekar Gautam , Parihar Sailendra , Smith Andrew 
Published: August 2010

INTRODUCTION The objective of this prospective audit was to compare two methods of anticoagulation reversal in the pre-oper-ative period for hip fracture patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS In the first part of the audit, our current practice was analysed. Data relating to the number of days from admission to surgery and the reasons for delay to surgery were collected. Also, data concerning common reasons for which the patients were started on warfarin and the time required for INR to drop to 1.5 or below were collected. In the second part of the audit, 45 patients with INR above 1.5 were given a single dose of vitamin K (1 mg i.v.) in addition to stopping warfarin. RESULTS The mean difference in the time for INR < 1.5 in the two groups was 2 days (52 h; P < 0.05). The mean difference in wait for surgery since admission between the two groups was 4 days (91 h; P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups as regards the average number of co-morbidities in the patient groups. CONCLUSIONS A single 1 mg intravenous dose of vitamin K significantly reduces the time for the reversal of INR and the pre-operative delay to surgery, in patients on long-term warfarin. We conclude that 1 mg of intravenous vitamin K on admission is a safe and effective treatment to avoid delay in the treatment in this group of patients.
A further survey of surgical management of the axilla in UK breast cancer patients
Authors: Glynn Ronan W , Williams Linda , Dixon J Michael 
Published: August 2010

INTRODUCTION The aims of this study were to investigate the practice of axillary lymph node management within different units throughout the UK, and to assess changes in practice since our previous survey in 2004. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A structured questionnaire was sent to 350 members of the British Association of Surgical Oncology. RESULTS There were 177 replies from respondents who managed more than 100 patients a year with breast cancer. Of these: 12 did not perform axillary ultrasound at all in their centre; 17 (10%) employed axillary node clearance (ANC) on all patients; 122(69%) performed sentinel node biopsy (SNB) with dual localisation; and 111 respondents had attended the New Start Course. Radioisotope was most frequently injected 2 h or more before operation. Just 13 surgeons were convinced of the value of dissecting internal mammary nodes visualised on a scan. Reasons for not using dual localisation included lack of nuclear medicine facilities, no local ARSAC licence holder, no probe, and no funding. Sixty-six surgeons stated that, if they had an ARSAC licence and could inject the radioactivity in theatre, this would be a major improvement. In addition, 83 (47%) did not perform SLNB in patients receiving neo-adjuvant chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS Despite significant changes since 2004, substantial variation remains in management of the axilla. A number of surgeons are practicing outwith current guidelines.
Systematic review of blunt abdominal trauma as a cause of acute appendicitis
Authors: Toumi Zaher , Chan Anthony , Hadfield Matthew B , Hulton Neil R 
Published: August 2010

INTRODUCTION Acute appendicitis commonly presents as an acute abdomen. Cases of acute appendicitis caused by blunt abdominal trauma are rare. We present a systematic review of appendicitis following blunt abdominal trauma. The aim of this review was to collate and report the clinical presentations and experience of such cases. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A literature review was performed using PubMed, Embase and Medline and the keywords ‘appendicitis’, ‘abdominal’ and ‘trauma’. RESULTS The initial search returned 381 papers, of which 17 articles were included. We found 28 cases of acute appendicitis secondary to blunt abdominal trauma reported in the literature between 1991 and 2009. Mechanisms of injury included road-traffic accidents, falls, assaults and accidents. Presenting symptoms invariably included abdominal pain, but also nausea, vomiting and anorexia. Only 12 patients had computed tomography scans and 10 patients had ultrasonography. All reported treatment was surgical and positive for appendicitis. CONCLUSIONS Although rare, the diagnosis of acute appendicitis must be considered following direct abdominal trauma especially if the patient complains of abdominal right lower quadrant pain, nausea and anorexia. Haemodynamically stable patients who present shortly after blunt abdominal trauma with right lower quadrant pain and tenderness should undergo urgent imaging with a plan to proceed to appendicectomy if the imaging suggested an inflammatory process within the right iliac fossa.
Extra-anatomical bypass grafting – a single surgeon's experience
Authors: Appleton ND , Bosanquet D , Morris-Stiff G , Ahmed H , Sanjay P , Lewis MH 
Published: August 2010

INTRODUCTION Extra-anatomical bypass grafting is a recognised method of lower limb re-vascularisation in high-risk patients who cannot tolerate aortic cross clamping, or in those with a hostile abdomen. We present a single surgeon series of such procedures and determine relevant outcomes. PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective review was performed on a prospectively maintained database of patients undergoing femoro-femoral or axillo-femoral bypass surgery between 1986 and 2004. RESULTS Patency rates for femoral (n = 28; 32%) versus axillary (n = 59; 68%) bypass procedures at 1 month, 1, 3 and 5 years were (92% vs 93%), (69% vs 85%), (60% vs 72%) and (55% vs 67%), respectively. Patient survival rates for the corresponding procedures and time intervals were (96% vs 90%), (96% vs 67%), (85% vs 45%) and (73% vs 38%) and revealed a significantly lower survival rate in those undergoing axillary procedures (P = 0.002). Limb salvage rates were calculated at (100% vs 91%), (96% vs 84%), (96% vs 81%) and (92% vs 81%) with no statistically significant difference found between the two groups (P = 0.124). Two-thirds of the patients who required major amputation died within 12 months of surgery. CONCLUSIONS Acceptable 30-day morbidity, long-term primary patency and survival rates are obtainable in patients suitable for extra-anatomical bypass surgery despite having significant co-morbidities. We have shown 5-year patency rates in those that survive axillary procedures to be as good as those undergoing femoral procedures. Furthermore, surviving patients who evade amputation within a year have an excellent chance of long-term limb salvage.
Osteonecrosis of jaws related to intravenous bisphosphonates: the experience of a Jordanian teaching hospital
Authors: Baqain Zaid H , Sawair Faleh A , Tamimi Zaid , Bsoul Nazzal , Al Edwan Ghazi , Almasad Jamal K , Abbadi Abdalla A 
Published: August 2010

INTRODUCTION We describe our experience with oncology patients on a frequent dosing schedule of intravenous (i.v.) bisphosphonates at the Jordan University Hospital (JUH). PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients treated by i.v. bisphosphonates in the medical oncology unit at the JUH were examined for bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ). Diagnosis was made according to the guidelines of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons (AAOMS) original position paper. RESULTS Of the 41 patients, four developed BRONJ, two in maxilla, one in mandible and one bimaxillary. Patients with BRONJ were older; mean age was 69.3 ±3.1 years compared to 62.8 ± 12.5 years (P = 0.022). Dental co-morbidities were more commonly present in patients with the disease (P = 0.038). Patients who developed BRONJ were on treatment for a longer duration of time; the mean duration of treatment was 23.5 ± 8.4 months compared to 11.9 ± 13.4 months (P = 0.10). CONCLUSIONS The results of this case series demonstrated that age and poor oral health status are significant risk factors of BRONJ for oncology patients on long-term frequent dosing schedule of i.v. bisphosphonates.
Avoiding cavity surgery in penetrating torso trauma: the role of the computed tomography scan
Authors: Smith JE , Midwinter M , Lambert AW 
Published: August 2010

INTRODUCTION Surgical decision-making in torso trauma is complex. This paper looks at the role of the computed tomography scan in this decision-making process. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with significant torso trauma (high velocity gunshot wound [HVGSW], blast, stab) admitted to a military role 2 (enhanced) hospital facility during a 7-week period of Operation HERRICK 9 (Afghanistan, October to November 2008) are reported. The management of those patients undergoing a CT scan as part of the decision-making process at the time of admission is discussed. RESULTS Twenty eight patients with significant torso trauma were admitted to the facility during the study period; HVGSW (n = 15), blast (n = 9), stab (n = 4). Thirteen patients underwent a CT scan as part of the surgical decision-making process; HVGSW (n = 5), blast (n = 8). Imaging confirmed torso integrity in 12 patients, one of whom subsequently had a laparotomy for vascular control for on-table haemorrhage during lower limb surgery. One patient had a confirmed thoraco-abdominal injury, which was treated conservatively with tube thoracostomy and ‘active observation’. CONCLUSIONS A CT scan formed part of the surgical decision-making process in about half of the patients admitted with significant torso trauma, and helped prevent unnecessary laparotomy in this forward military environment. Those patients with a blast injury were more likely to undergo CT scanning than those where the mechanism of injury was a HVGSW.
On subgroups of hyperbolic tetrahedral Coxeter groups
Authors: N. De Las Peñas Ma. Louise Antonette , Felix Rene P. , Laigo Glenn R. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
In this work we address the problem on the determination of the subgroup structure of crystallographic groups in hyperbolic space by deriving the low index subgroups of hyperbolic tetrahedral Coxeter groups and tetrahedral Kleinian groups. This paper continues the work giv en in [5, 6] on the subgroups of triangle groups.
Intermediate-Valent Yb4Rh7Sb6 with Cubic U4Re7Si6 type structure
Authors: Schellenberg Inga , Eul Matthias , Pöttgen Rainer 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
Yb4Rh7Sb6 was synthesized by arc-melting of the elements. The structure was refined on the basis of single crystal X-ray diffractometer data: U4Re7Si6 type, Im-3m, a = 865.9(2) pm, wR2 = 0.0557, 159 F
2 values and 10 variables. The two crystallographically independent rhodium atoms have octahedral and tetrahedral antimony coordination with Rh–Sb distances ranging from 269 to 274 pm. These polyhedra are condensed via common edges and corners, leading to a complex three-dimensional [Rh7Sb6] network. Coordination number 12 cavities within this network are filled by the ytterbium atoms. Temperature dependent magnetic susceptibility measurements show modified Curie-Weiss behavior and an experimental magnetic moment of 3.16(1)μB
/Yb atom, pointing to intermediate-valent ytterbium. Magnetization measurements at 5 K give hint for short-range magnetic ordering. 121Sb Mössbauer spectra confirm the single crystallographic antimony site and antimonide character.
Hydrated (pyrazinecarbonyl)hydrazones of hydroxy and methoxy substituted benzaldehydes
Authors: Howie R. Alan , da Silva Lima Camilo H. , Kaiser Carlos R. , de Souza Marcos V. N. , Wardell Solange M. S. V. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
The crystal structures of hydrates of five substituted benzaldehyde (pyrazinecarbonyl)hydrazone derivatives [N2C4H3CONHN=CHC6H5-n
X
n
· m H2O: m = 1, n = 1, X = 3-HO; m = 1, n = 2, X2 = 2,5-(HO)2; m = 1, n = 2, X2 = 2,4-(MeO)2; m = 2.5, n = 2, X2 = 3,4-(MeO)2; m = 3, n = 1, X = 4-HO] are reported. In all cases the water molecules participate in strong hydrogen-bonds extending and partially replacing the weak intermolecular C–HX (X = O, N or π-ring) hydrogen-bonding and π · · · π interactions normally present in anhydrous structures of compounds of this type.
Prescribing Pork in Israel
Authors: vered ronit 
Published: August 2010

Both Judaism and Islam have prohibited eating pork and its products for thousands of years. Scholars have proposed several reasons for the ban to which both religions almost totally adhere. Pork, and the refusal to eat it, possesses powerful cultural baggage for Jews. Israel has legislated two related laws: the Pork Law in 1962, that bans the rearing and slaughter of pigs across the country, and the Meat Law of 1994, prohibiting all imports of nonkosher meats into Israel.
While not abounding, Israeli pork-eaters certainly exist, and a small number of pig-breeding farms operate in the country, mostly in Christian villages. The influx of Russian immigrants in the 1990s helped boost sales of pork, but the force of the taboo remains so powerful that many secular Israelis still eschew pork dishes, while willing to eat less charged nonkosher items such as shellfish.
A porchetta feast recently held in the Muslim-Jewish town of Jaffa, defied the religious and cultural taboo. It was a celebration of a book by Dr. Eli Landau, The White Book, which is the first Hebrew-language collection of pork recipes. Fearing repercussions, Israeli publishers unanimously refused to publish it and the book chain stores declined to display it. As a result, Landau published it himself.
The Sweetshops of Kolkata
Authors: krondl michael 
Published: August 2010

Obsession with dessert is widely shared by the residents of Kolkata. Life's passages and religious rituals are all celebrated with sugary creations. Bengali desserts are typically made with some sort of milk product. Among these are mishti doi a custard-like dessert made by adding yogurt cultures to sweetened evaporated milk. However, Bengal is best known for desserts based on chhana. This is a fresh cheese with a consistency similar to ricotta.
Some chhana is made into fritters, which include pantua, a doughnut-brown ball about the size of a lime, and kalojam, a nearly jet black sphere of dough. Both of these are soaked in syrup. Rossogolla is made from a similar dough but is boiled rather than fried. When soaked in a milk-based syrup, it is called rossomalai. In a simpler preparation, the fresh cheese is cooked down with sugar and formed into many kinds of sweets called sandesh. One of the city's best know sandesh shops is Girish Chandra Dey & Nakur Chandra Nandy, or Nakur, in the old Shyambazar district. At Nakur they begin with raw milk, process it into cheese, and then cook, form, and flavor it into many types of sandesh of often unorthodox flavors. This artisanal approach cannot be followed by smaller neighborhood confectioners, called moiras in Bengali. They often use ready-made chhana for their confections. Trying to keep up with the times, new confectioners have tried to expand their operations and offer new products some of which are artificially sweetened.
Synergistic Effect of Statins and Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy in the Prevention of Skeletal Fractures in Elderly Women
Authors: Bakhireva Ludmila N. , Shainline Michael R. , Carter Shelley , Robinson Scott , Beaton Sarah J. , Nawarskas James J. , Gunter Margaret J. 
Published: August 2010

Study Objective. To examine the role of concurrent 3–hydroxy‐3–methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor (statin) use and postmenopausal hormone therapy on osteoporosis‐related fractures.Design. Case‐control study.Data Source. Large integrated health plan in New Mexico.Patients. Case patients were 1001 women with incident fractures of the hip, wrist, forearm, or spine that occurred between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2005, and controls were 2607 women without fractures during the same time frame; both groups were selected from the same population of women aged 50 years or older who utilized health plan services during the study time frame.Measurements and Main Results. Postmenopausal hormone therapy use was classified as “current” (12 mo before index date) or “never or past.” The risk of fractures was ascertained among continuous (≥80% medication possession ratio during 12 mo before the index date) and current (3 mo before index date) statin users relative to patients without hyperlipidemia who did not use lipid‐lowering drugs. The interaction between statins and hormone therapy was examined in multivariable logistic regression. The association between statin use and fractures was examined separately among current and never or past hormone therapy users after controlling for other risk factors. Nineteen percent of the study participants were current hormone therapy users; 9.5% were current and 4.8% were continuous statin users. No association between continuous statin use and fractures was observed among never or past hormone therapy users (odds ratio [OR] 0.80, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.53–1.22). In contrast, a strong protective effect (OR 0.19, 95% CI 0.04–0.87) was observed among women who concurrently used statins and hormone therapy for 1 year, independent of age; corticosteroid, bisphosphonate, thiazide diuretic, calcitonin, methotrexate, or antiepileptic drug use; chronic kidney disease; and Charlson comorbidity index.Conclusion. Concurrent statin use and hormone therapy may have a synergistic protective effect on skeletal fractures beyond the additive effect of each individual therapy.