bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epoxy‐Based Carbon Fiber‐Reinforced Plastics Recycling via Solvolysis with Non‐Oxidizing Methanesulfonic Acid
Authors: Zhang Xiaohui , Sibari Reda , Chakraborty Souvik , Baz Stephan , Gresser Götz T. , Benner Wladislaw , Brämer Thilo , Steuernagel Leif , Ionescu Emanuel , Deubener Joachim , Beuermann Sabine , Ziegmann Gerhard , Wilhelm René 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe urgent requirement for efficient recycling strategies in the wind energy industry prompted this study to explore the behavior of methanesulfonic acid (MSA) in the solvolysis of carbon fiber‐reinforced plastics (CFRP), as an alternative to standard solvents and acids. For the investigation, two layers of carbon fibers, infused with amine‐based epoxy through a vacuum‐assisted resin infusion process, were applied. The results showed that MSA was the most effective solvent for the solvolysis of CFRP, compared to other investigated common acids. The recycled products demonstrated satisfactory properties for both the matrix and fiber, which were comparable to those of the virgin materials.
Utility of silver birch and house dust mite extracts derived from licensed sublingual tablets for nasal allergen challenge
Authors: Olivieri Bianca , Gil Ana Jimenez , Stoenchev Kostadin , Durham Stephen R. , Scadding Guy 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundNasal allergen challenge (NAC) is used to investigate the effects of allergen exposure and assess treatment efficacy in allergic rhinitis (AR). This study aims to establish dose‐responses to NAC using licensed silver birch (SB) pollen and house dust mite (HDM) sublingual tablets as sources of the allergen extracts in participants with AR.MethodsSixteen volunteers with HDM‐induced perennial AR and 15 volunteers with SB pollen‐induced seasonal rhinitis underwent a graded up‐dosing NAC with extracts derived from HDM allergen (Acarizax®) and SB (Itulazax®) tablets, respectively. Total nasal symptom score (TNSS, range 0–12) and peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF) were recorded before, at 10 min and at the end of the NAC. The dose of each allergen that provoked a TNSS of at least 7 (“provoking dose 7”) in most allergic participants was identified. NACs using the “provoking dose 7” were performed on 5 non‐allergic individuals to test for irritant effects. The “provoking dose 7” of HDM extract was used in a subgroup of two SB allergic, non‐HDM allergic, volunteers, and vice versa for SB extract, to test for allergen specificity of the responses.ResultsMost patients experienced a TNSS of at least 7/12 at a median concentration of 1500 AU/mL for both SB pollen and HDM. The average decline in PNIF at this dose was 63.15% for SB and 63.99% for HDM. NACs using the 1500 AU/mL concentrations were performed on 5 non‐allergic individuals with no symptomatic or PNIF response. 1500 AU/mL of HDM extract produced no symptoms in SB allergics nor 1500 AU/mL SB extract in HDM allergics.ConclusionFor both SB and HDM extracts, the optimal allergen dose for NAC to cause a moderate‐severity response (“provoking dose 7/12”) was 1500 AU/mL. Licensed sublingual allergen tablets provide a readily available and inexpensive source of SB and HDM extracts for use in future interventional studies in AR.
Boosting the Impact of EFMC Young Scientists Network Through the Creation of Working Groups
Authors: Mari Michele , Lanthier Caroline , Proj Matic , Donckele Etienne J. , Josa‐Culleré Laia , Goncharenko Kristina , Leroy Salomé , Matagne Brieuc , McKenna Sean M. , Borsari Chiara 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe establishment of the Young Scientists Network (YSN) by the European Federation for Medicinal Chemistry (EFMC) served as a proactive response to the evolving landscape of the scientific community. The YSN aims to assist early‐career medicinal chemists and chemical biologists by responding to emerging themes, such as the influence of social media, shifts in gender balance within the scientific population, and evolving educational opportunities. The YSN also ensures that the upcoming generation of scientists actively contributes to shape the EFMC's strategic direction while addressing their specific needs. Initially conceived as a general concept, YSN has evolved into a proactive and dynamic team which demonstrates a tangible impact. To boost the impact of the YSN and involve additional motivated young scientists, we have adopted a novel organization, and structured the team in seven working groups (WGs). Herein, we will discuss the tasks of the different WGs as well as the activities planned for the near future. We believe this structure will strengthen the pivotal role YSN has already played in serving medicinal chemists and chemical biologists in Europe. The YSN now has the structure and motivation to pave the way to attract young scientists across Europe and to give them the stage within EFMC.
NHAPMAD: Novel hybrid approaches for privacy‐preserved multiple attacks detection
Authors: Seth Abhay Deep , Sharma Shruti , Ratmele Ankur 
Published: May 2024

SummaryDetecting anomalies is crucial for maintaining security in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), as they are susceptible to various attacks that compromise nodes and yield inaccurate outcomes. Conventional attack detection approaches face challenges like high false positives, vulnerability to complex attacks, and limited adaptability to changing attacks due to predefined patterns. Additionally, the computational strain on resource‐constrained nodes hampers network efficiency, demanding innovative and resilient security solutions. Therefore, this research work introduces Novel Hybrid Approaches for Privacy‐preserved Multiple Attacks Detection (NHAPMAD) framework in both network attack detection system and host attack detection system. This topology bolsters the network's defense against various types of attacks, thereby ensuring the preservation of sensitive data privacy. Federated learning has been incorporated into the NHAPMAD framework to protect user privacy in WSNs. The introduced framework provides better anomaly detection and reduces false alarms. Additionally, the introduced model protects sensitive data, ensuring the security and integrity of the entire WSN, promoting a stable and dependable operating environment. The introduced method exhibits superior performance across various metrics like overall accuracy (99.6%), F1‐score (99.59%), recall (99.47%), precision (99.63%), detection rate (99.5%), processing time (0.0009 s), etc. compared to traditional approaches, marking a significant advancement in the realm of WSN security.
Simulation of Hydrogen Adsorption in Hierarchical Silicalite: Role of Electrostatics and Surface Chemistry
Authors: Gautam S. , Cole D. R. , Dudás Z. I. , Dhiman I. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAdsorption in nanoporous materials is one strategy that can be used to store hydrogen at conditions of temperature and pressure that are economically viable. Adsorption capacity of nanoporous materials depends on surface area which can be enhanced by incorporating a hierarchical pore structure. We report grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation results on the adsorption of hydrogen in hierarchical models of silicalite that incorporate 4 nm wide mesopores in addition to the 0.5 nm wide micropores at 298 K, using different force fields to model hydrogen. Our results suggest that incorporating mesopores in silicalite can enhance adsorption by at least 20 % if electrostatic interactions are not included and up to 100 % otherwise. Incorporating electrostatic interactions results in higher adsorption by close to 100 % at lower pressures for hierarchical silicalite whereas for unmodified silicalite, it is less significant at all pressures. Hydroxylating the mesopore surface in hierarchical silicalite results in an enhancement in adsorption at pressures below 1 atm and suppression by up to 20 % at higher pressures. Temperature dependence at selected pressures exhibits expected decrease in adsorption amounts at higher temperatures. These findings can be useful in the engineering, selection, and optimization of nanoporous materials for hydrogen storage.
Insulin Resistance and Insulin Handling in Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Parvathareddy Vishnu P. , Wu Jiao , Thomas Sandhya S. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Insulin regulates energy metabolism involving multiple organ systems. Insulin resistance (IR) occurs when organs exhibit reduced insulin sensitivity, leading to difficulties in maintaining glucose homeostasis. IR ensures decades prior to development of overt diabetes and can cause silent metabolic derangements. IR is typically seen very early in the course of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is evident even when the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is within the normal range and IR persists at various stages of kidney disease. In this article, we will discuss insulin handling by the kidneys, mechanisms responsible for IR in CKD, measurements and management of IR in patients with CKD, and recent type 2 diabetic trials with implications for improved cardiovascular outcomes in CKD. © 2023 American Physiological Society.
Compr Physiol
13:5069‐5076, 2023.
Recent Advances on the Chemistry of Transition Metal Complexes with Monoanionic Bidentate Silyl Ligands
Authors: Batuecas María , Goméz‐España Alejandra , Fernández‐Álvarez Francisco J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe chemistry of transition‐metal (TM) complexes with monoanionic bidentate (κ2‐L,Si) silyl ligands has considerably grown in recent years. This work summarizes the advances in the chemistry of TM‐(κ2‐L,Si) complexes (L=N‐heterocycle, phosphine, N‐heterocyclic carbene, thioether, ester, silylether or tetrylene). The most common synthetic method has been the oxidative addition of the Si−H bond to the metal center assisted by the coordination of L. The metal silicon bond distances in TM‐(κ2‐L,Si) complexes are in the range of metal‐silyl bond distances. TM‐(κ2‐L,Si) complexes have proven to be effective catalysts for hydrosilylation and/or hydrogenation of unsaturated molecules among other processes.
Application of machine learning and deep learning in geothermal resource development: Trends and perspectives
Authors: Al‐Fakih Abdulrahman , Abdulraheem Abdulazeez , Kaka Sanlinn 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study delves into the latest advancements in machine learning and deep learning applications in geothermal resource development, extending the analysis up to 2024. It focuses on artificial intelligence's transformative role in the geothermal industry, analyzing recent literature from Scopus and Google Scholar to identify emerging trends, challenges, and future opportunities. The results reveal a marked increase in artificial intelligence (AI) applications, particularly in reservoir engineering, with significant advancements observed post‐2019. This study highlights AI's potential in enhancing drilling and exploration, emphasizing the integration of detailed case studies and practical applications. It also underscores the importance of ongoing research and tailored AI applications, in light of the rapid technological advancements and future trends in the field.
How do invasive predators and their native prey respond to prescribed fire?
Authors: Watchorn Darcy J. , Doherty Tim S. , Wilson Barbara A. , Garkaklis Mark J. , Driscoll Don A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFire shapes animal communities by altering resource availability and species interactions, including between predators and prey. In Australia, there is particular concern that two highly damaging invasive predators, the feral cat (Felis catus) and European red fox (Vulpes vulpes), increase their activity in recently burnt areas and exert greater predation pressure on the native prey due to their increased exposure. We tested how prescribed fire occurrence and extent, along with fire history, vegetation, topography, and distance to anthropogenic features (towns and farms), affected the activity (detection frequency) of cats, foxes, and the native mammal community in south‐eastern Australia. We used camera traps to quantify mammal activity before and after a prescribed burn and statistically tested how the fire interacted with these habitat variables to affect mammal activity. We found little evidence that the prescribed fire influenced the activity of cats and foxes and no evidence of an effect on kangaroo or small mammal (<800 g) activity. Medium‐sized mammals (800–2000 g) were negatively associated with prescribed fire extent, suggesting that prescribed fire has a negative impact on these species in the short term. The lack of a clear activity increase from cats and foxes is likely a positive outcome from a fire management perspective. However, we highlight that their response is likely dependent upon factors like fire size, severity, and prey availability. Future experiments should incorporate GPS‐trackers to record fine‐scale movements of cats and foxes in temperate ecosystems immediately before and after prescribed fire to best inform management within protected areas.
Deliberately introduced dung beetles in Australia: 12 years of occurrence and abundance records from 2001 to 2022
Authors: Berson Jacob D. , Edwards Penelope B. , Ridsdill‐Smith T. James , Taylor Christopher K. , Anderson Daniel J. , Andrew Nigel R. , Barrow Russell A. , Cousins David A. , Emery Robert N. , Fagan Laura L. , Foster Rhiannon M. , Harwood Lucas G. , Hemmings Zac , Lewis Megan J. , Lukehurst Sherralee S. , Manger Jake , Matthiessen John N. , Vieira Marcela D. C. , Weston Paul A. , Didham Raphael K. , Evans Theodore A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSince 1968, the Australian Dung Beetle Project has carried out field releases of 43 deliberately introduced dung beetle species for the biological control of livestock dung and dung‐breeding pests. Of these, 23 species are known to have become established. For most of these species, sufficient time has elapsed for population expansion to fill the extent of their potential geographic range through both natural and human‐assisted dispersal. Consequently, over the last 20 years, extensive efforts have been made to quantify the current distribution of these introduced dung beetles, as well as the seasonal and spatial variation in their activity levels. Much of these data and their associated metadata have remained unpublished, and they have not previously been synthesized into a cohesive dataset. Here, we collate and report data from the three largest dung beetle monitoring projects from 2001 to 2022. Together, these projects encompass data collected from across Australia, and include records for all 23 species of established dung beetles introduced for biocontrol purposes. In total, these data include 22,718 presence records and 213,538 absence records collected during 10,272 sampling events at 546 locations. Most presence records (97%) include abundance data. In total, 1,752,807 dung beetles were identified as part of these data. The distributional occurrence and abundance data can be used to explore questions such as factors influencing dung beetle species distributions, dung beetle biocontrol, and insect‐mediated ecosystem services. These data are provided under a CC‐BY‐NC 4.0 license and users are encouraged to cite this data paper when using the data.
Regulatory effects of microRNAs on monocytic HLA‐DR surface expression
Authors: Folini Anja , Zhang Lan , Luedi Markus M , Moolan‐Vadackumchery Robin , Matthiss Lena , Hoffmann Anneliese , Stüber Frank , Huang Melody Ying‐Yu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDecreased monocytic HLA‐DR expression is the most studied biomarker of immune competency in critically ill and autoimmune disease patients. However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain largely unknown. One probable HLA‐DR dysregulation is through microRNAs. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of specific microRNAs on HLA‐DR expression in human monocytic cells. Four up‐ and four down‐HLA‐DR‐regulating microRNAs were identified, with hsa‐miR‐let‐7f‐2‐3p showing the most significant upregulation and hsa‐miR‐567 and hsa‐miR‐3972 downregulation. Anti‐inflammatory glucocorticoid medication Dexamethasone‐decreased HLA‐DR was significantly restored by hsa‐miR‐let‐7f‐2‐3p and hsa‐miR‐5693. Contrarily, proinflammatory cytokines IFN‐γ and TNF‐α‐increased HLA‐DR were significantly reversed by hsa‐miR‐567. Clinically, paired plasma samples from patients before and one day after cardiac surgery revealed up‐regulated expression of hsa‐miR‐5693, hsa‐miR‐567, and hsa‐miR‐3972, following the major surgical trauma. In silico approaches were applied for functional microRNA‐mRNA interaction prediction and candidate target genes were confirmed by qPCR analysis. In conclusion, novel monocytic HLA‐DR microRNA modulators were identified and validated in vitro. Moreover, both the interaction between the microRNAs and anti‐ and proinflammatory molecules and the up‐regulated microRNAs identified in cardiac surgery highlight the potential clinical relevance of our findings.
Complement C3aR signaling: Immune and metabolic modulation and its impact on Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Gedam Manasee , Zheng Hui 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia among the elderly population. Despite its widespread prevalence, our comprehension of the intricate mechanisms governing the pathogenesis of the disease remains incomplete, posing a challenge for the development of efficient therapies. Pathologically characterized by the presence of amyloid β plaques and neurofibrillary tau tangles, AD is also accompanied by the hyperactivation of glial cells and the immune system. The complement cascade, the evolutionarily conserved innate immune pathway, has emerged as a significant contributor to AD. This review focuses on one of the complement components, the C3a receptor (C3aR), covering its structure, ligand‐receptor interaction, intracellular signaling and its functional consequences. Drawing insights from cellular and AD mouse model studies, we present the multifaceted role of complement C3aR signaling in AD and attempt to convey to the readers that C3aR acts as a crucial immune and metabolic modulator to influence AD pathogenesis. Building on this framework, the objective of this review is to inform future research endeavors and facilitate the development of therapeutic strategies for this challenging condition.
Selenoureido Calix[6]arenes: A Novel Platform for Pseudorotaxane Synthesis
Authors: Cester Bonati Federica , Andreoni Leonardo , Cattani Silvia , Baccini Caterina , Anzellotti Sara , Cera Gianpiero , Silvi Serena , Secchi Andrea 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHeteroditopic calix[6]arenes are widely employed macrocycles for the synthesis of pseudo‐oriented interlocked systems and stimuli‐induced molecular machines, among others. Herein, we introduce a new calix[6]arene receptor functionalised with three phenylselenoureido groups. These hydrogen‐bonding donor moieties are able to promote the threading of viologen‐based organic axles inside the macrocyclic cavity to form a stable pseudorotaxane species. Preliminary investigations using 1H‐NMR measurements and semi‐empirical and DFT studies suggested its further use as a platform for the synthesis of rotaxanes.
Halogenation of Alkenes Using Three‐Component Reactions: A Decade of Development
Authors: Zeng Rongliang , Zhang Li , Huang Dayun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAlkenes are valuable feedstocks in organic synthesis. One effective method for synthesizing organic halides with functional groups in close proximity involves the direct difunctionalization of alkenes via three‐component reactions. This approach not only reduces the number of steps involved in the synthesis process, but also minimizes waste generation and enables the formation of complex molecules from simple starting materials. In this review, we mainly discuss decade developments (2013‐2023) in two categories: (1) halogenation via three‐membered ring intermediates, involving haliranium, thiiranium,seleniranium, aziridinium and epoxide species; (2) halogenation via a radical pathway. Reactions with I2, BiI3, NaI, Bu4N+[I(O2CAr)2]−, NIS, NBS, NCS, DBH, BsNMeBr, HBr, HCl, KI, NH4I, I2O5, Et3N ⋅ 3HF, Selectfluor, CuI, CuBr, CuCl, LiCl, KBr, NaCl, SOCl2, Py ⋅ 9HF, NFSI, TBSCl et al have been recorded and how the added reagents work will be discussed. We hope this review will do help for future research in this area.
Retrogressive thaw slump susceptibility in the northern hemisphere permafrost region
Authors: Makopoulou Eirini , Karjalainen Olli , Elia Letizia , Blais‐Stevens Andrée , Lantz Trevor , Lipovsky Panya , Lombardo Luigi , Nicu Ionut C. , Rubensdotter Lena , Rudy Ashley C. A. , Hjort Jan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMean annual temperatures in the Arctic and subarctic have increased in recent decades, increasing the number of permafrost hazards. Retrogressive thaw slumps (RTSs), triggered by the thawing of ground ice in permafrost soil, have become more common in the Arctic. Many studies report an increase in RTS activity on a local or regional scale. In this study, the primary goals are to: (i) examine the spatial patterns of the RTS occurrences across the circumpolar permafrost region, (ii) assess the environmental factors associated with their occurrence and (iii) create the first susceptibility map for RTS occurrence across the Northern Hemisphere. Based on our results, we predicted high RTS susceptibility in the continuous permafrost regions above the 60th latitude, especially in northern Alaska, north‐western Canada, the Yamal Peninsula, eastern Russia and the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau. The model indicated that air temperature and soil properties are the most critical environmental factors for the occurrence of RTSs on a circumpolar scale. Especially, the climatic conditions of thaw season were highlighted. This study provided new insights into the circumpolar susceptibility of ice‐rich permafrost soils to rapid permafrost‐related hazards like RTSs and the associated impacts on landscape evolution, infrastructure, hydrology and carbon fluxes that contribute to global warming.
Vegan gummy candies with low calorie based on celery (Apium graveolens) puree and boswellia gum (Boswellia thurifera)
Authors: Ghodsi Saba , Nouri Marjan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGummy candy is one of the main snacks for children, and conventional samples with high calorie illustrate no nutritional value; therefore, the aim of present research was to develop functional product on priority. Celery (Apium graveolens) puree (25%–50%), boswellia gum (10%–20%), lemon essential oil (0.25%–0.50%), and sugar (10%–20%) in two levels were considered for vegan gummy candy production. Based on central composite design, the 30 types of gummy candies were prepared; afterward, response surface methodology was applied to optimize results determined by texture (hardness, springiness, adhesiveness, gumminess, chewiness, and elasticity characteristics), physicochemical attributes (pH, sugar content, water activity, antioxidant function, and calorie restriction), and also sensory evaluation. In general, elevated concentration of celery puree and boswellia gum‐enhanced hardness, chewiness, and also gumminess for treated products. On the other hand, higher sugar with lemon essential oil improved adhesion, springiness, and elasticity features. More boswellia gum, celery, lemon essential oil, and reduction in sugar elevated water activity and also declined pH for treated samples. The celery puree, boswellia gum, and lemon essential oil significantly enhanced antioxidant function of treated gummy candies. According to attained results, sugar had a remarkable influence on acceptability and in treated samples calorie decreased. Based on all investigated factors, optimal formulation was achieved including 25% celery puree, 20% boswellia gum, 0.450% lemon essential oil, and 13.55% sugar. Regarding the results, obtained gummy candy with high nutritional value and low calorie demonstrated the potential to produce extensively in food sector.