bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coaches' perspectives on implementing an evidence-informed injury prevention programme in junior community netball
Authors: Saunders N , Otago L , Romiti M , Donaldson A , White P , Finch CF 
Published: June 2010

ObjectiveFor effective sports injury prevention, information is needed about the implementation context for interventions. This study describes coaches' feedback on the implementation of an evidence-informed injury prevention programme in community junior netball using coaches' perceptions and the RE–AIM framework.MethodsA lower-limb injury prevention programme (Down to Earth; D2E), for teaching safe-landing techniques, was delivered to 31 coaches from 31 junior community netball teams in a 1-h workshop. Coaches then delivered a 6-week programme at team training sessions starting in the week before the competition season commenced. 65% of coaches completed a feedback survey 17 weeks after they had delivered the programme.ResultsMost (88%) coaches believed that D2E improved their players' ability to perform correct landing techniques in games and that players had retained these improvements over the season. The majority (83%) indicated that an improvement in player athletic attributes was the greatest advantage of D2E, followed by a reduction in injury risk. Identified barriers to implementing D2E were running out of time and very young players finding the drills too difficult. Coaches reported that they needed more ideas for training drills that could be incorporated into their programmes and believed that their own coaching training did not adequately prepare them to implement an injury prevention programme.ConclusionsAlthough coaches believed that D2E was effective in developing correct landing techniques, some modifications are needed to make it more suitable for younger players and coach education by accreditation courses could be improved to support the implementation of injury prevention programmes.
Trajectories of cardiorespiratory fitness in children with and without developmental coordination disorder: a longitudinal analysis
Authors: Cairney John , Hay John , Veldhuizen Scott , Faught Brent E 
Published: June 2010

ObjectiveTo compare the longitudinal trajectories of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in children with probable developmental coordination disorder (DCD) with those of typically developing children.SettingSchool-based study, conducted in a large region of Ontario, Canada. 75 out of a possible 92 schools (83%) consented to participate.ParticipantsA cohort of children, enrolled in grade 4 (mean 9 years 11 months; SD 0.05) at baseline (n=2278) were followed twice-yearly over a 2-year period.MeasuresThe short form of the Bruininks–Oseretsky test of motor proficiency was used to identify children with probable DCD and the Leger shuttle run to measure maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max).ResultsMixed-effects modelling was used to estimate the change over time in predicted VO2max for both children with probable DCD and typically developing children. For all children, VO2max declined over time. Children (boys and girls) with probable DCD not only had lower VO2max at baseline compared with typically developing children, VO2max declined among these children at a much steeper rate.ConclusionAlthough previous research has found children with DCD to have poor CRF compared with typically developing children, most of this work has relied on cross-sectional designs to examine group differences. The results of this study confirm that differences in CRF between children with and without probable DCD persist over time, highlighting the concern that DCD is a risk factor for poor cardiovascular health in children.
Incentivizing peer-assisted services
Authors: Misra Vishal , Ioannidis Stratis , Chaintreau Augustin , Massoulié Laurent 
Published: June 2010

A new generation of content delivery networks for live streaming, video on demand, and software updates takes advantage of a peer-to-peer architecture to reduce their operating cost. In contrast with previous uncoordinated peer-to-peer schemes, users opt-in to dedicate part of the resources they own to help the content delivery, in exchange for receiving the same service at a reduced price. Such incentive mechanisms are appealing, as they simplify coordination and accounting. However, they also increase a user's expectation that she will receive a fair price for the resources she provides. Addressing this issue carefully is critical in ensuring that all interested parties--including the provider--are willing to participate in such a system, thereby guaranteeing its stability.
In this paper, we take a cooperative game theory approach to identify the ideal incentive structure that follows the axioms formulated by Lloyd Shapley. This ensures that each player, be it the provider or a peer, receives an amount proportional to its contribution and bargaining power when entering the game. In general, the drawback of this ideal incentive structure is its computational complexity. However, we prove that as the number of peers receiving the service becomes large, the Shapley value received by each player approaches a fluid limit. This limit follows a simple closed form expression and can be computed in several scenarios of interest: by applying our technique, we show that several peer-assisted services, deployed on both wired and wireless networks, can benefit from important cost and energy savings with a proper incentive structure that follows simple compensation rules.
Phase II Trial of Short-Course R-Chop Followed by 90Y-Ibritumomab Tiuxetan in Previously Untreated High-Risk Elderly Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Patients
Authors: Zinzani Pier Luigi , Rossi Giuseppe , Franceschetti Silvia , Botto Barbara , Di Rocco Alice , Cabras Maria Giuseppina , Petti Maria Concetta , Stefoni Vittorio , Broccoli Alessandro , Fanti Stefano , Pellegrini Cinzia , Montini Gian Carlo , Gandolfi Letizia , Derenzini Enrico , Argnani Lisa , Fina Mariapaola , Tucci Alessandra , Bottelli Chiara , Pileri Stefano , Baccarani Michele 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the treatment with 90Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan following a short-course of rituximab with cyclophosphamide-adriamycin-vincristine-prednisone (R-CHOP) in high-risk elderly patients with previously untreated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).
Experimental Design: From December 2006 to October 2008, 55 high-risk elderly (age ≥60 years) untreated DLBCL patients were treated in seven Italian institutions with a short-course of chemotherapy consisting of four cycles of R-CHOP21 followed by 90Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan 6 to 10 weeks later.
Results: Of the 55 patients, 48 underwent radioimmunotherapy. The overall response rate to the entire treatment regimen was 80%, including 73% complete remissions and 7% partial remissions. Eight (50%) of the 16 patients who achieved less than a complete response with CHOP improved their remission status after 90Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan administration. With a median follow-up of 18 months, the 2-year progression-free survival was estimated to be 85%, with a 2-year overall survival of 86%. 90Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan toxicity consisted of grade 3 to 4 hematologic toxicity in 28 of 48 patients, mainly neutropenia (23 patients) and thrombocytopenia (15 patients). Red cells and/or platelets transfusions were given to three patients.
Conclusion: This study evaluated the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of a short-course R-CHOP21 regimen followed by 90Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan in high-risk elderly DLBCL patients. Clin Cancer Res; 16(15); 3998–4004. ©2010 AACR.
Cytotoxicity of Activated Natural Killer Cells against Pediatric Solid Tumors
Authors: Cho Duck , Shook David R. , Shimasaki Noriko , Chang Yu-Hsiang , Fujisaki Hiroyuki , Campana Dario 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Purpose: To develop new therapies for children with solid tumors, we tested the cytotoxicity of natural killer (NK) cells expanded by coculture with K562-mb15-41BBL cells. We sought to identify the most sensitive tumor subtypes, clarify the molecular interactions regulating cytotoxicity, and determine NK antitumor potential in vivo.
Experimental Design: We tested in vitro cytotoxicity of expanded NK cells against cell lines representative of Ewing sarcoma (EWS; n = 5), rhabdomyosarcoma (n = 4), neuroblastoma (n = 3), and osteosarcoma (n = 3), and correlated the results with expression of inhibitory and activating NK receptor ligands. We also compared expanded and primary NK cells, determined the effects of activating receptor ligation and of chemotherapeutic drugs, and assessed the therapeutic effect of NK cell infusions in xenografts.
Results: In 45 experiments, EWS and rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines were remarkably sensitive to expanded NK cells, with median cytotoxicities at 1:1 effector/target ratio of 87.2% and 79.1%, respectively. Cytotoxicity was not related to levels of expression of NK receptor ligands, nor was it affected by pretreatment of target cells with daunorubicin or vincristine, but was markedly inhibited by preincubation of NK cells with a combination of antibodies against the NK-activating receptors NKGD2 and DNAM-1. Expanded NK cells were considerably more cytototoxic than unstimulated NK cells, and eradicated EWS cells engrafted in nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient Il2rgnull mice.
Conclusions: Among pediatric solid tumors, EWS and rhabdomyosarcoma are exquisitely sensitive to expanded NK cells. The NK expansion method described here has been adapted to large-scale conditions and supports a phase I clinical study including patients with these malignancies. Clin Cancer Res; 16(15); 3901–9. ©2010 AACR.
Historical and Future Land-Cover Change in a Municipality of Ghana
Authors: Attua Emmanuel M. , Fisher Joshua B. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractUrban land-cover change is increasing dramatically in most developing nations. In Africa and in the New Juaben municipality of Ghana in particular, political stability and active socioeconomic progress has pushed the urban frontier into the countryside at the expense of the natural ecosystems at ever-increasing rates. Using Landsat satellite imagery from 1985 to 2003, the study found that the urban core expanded by 10% and the peri-urban areas expanded by 25% over the period. Projecting forward to 2015, it is expected that urban infrastructure will constitute 70% of the total land area in the municipality. Giving way to urban expansion were losses in open woodlands (19%), tree fallow (9%), croplands (4%), and grass fallow (3%), with further declines expected for 2015. Major drivers of land-cover changes are attributed to demographic changes and past microeconomic policies, particularly the Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP); the Economic Recovery Programme (ERP); and, more recently, the Ghana Poverty Reduction Strategy (GPRS). Pluralistic land administration, complications in the land tenure systems, institutional inefficiencies, and lack of capacity in land administration were also key drivers of land-cover changes in the New Juaben municipality. Policy recommendations are presented to address the associated challenges.
Effectiveness of an online fatigue self-management programme for people with chronic neurological conditions: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ghahari Setareh , Leigh Packer Tanya , Passmore Anne Elizabeth 
Published: June 2010

Objective: To evaluate an online fatigue self-management programme in a sample of adults with chronic neurological conditions. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Setting: Online fatigue self-management programme delivered across Australia. Participants: Ninety-five people with fatigue secondary to multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease or post-polio syndrome. Interventions: An online fatigue self-management programme, an information-only fatigue self-management programme and a control group. Main measures: Groups were compared at pre test, post test and at three months on primary outcomes using the Fatigue Impact Scale, Activity Card Sort and Personal Wellbeing Index. Results: With the exception of the Personal Wellbeing Index at post test (F = 3.519; P =0.034) and the Physical Subscale of the Fatigue Impact Scale at follow-up (F = 3.473; P =0.035) there were no significant differences between the three groups on primary outcomes. Post-hoc testing showed the differences to be between the information-only and control groups (P = 0.036 and P = 0.030 respectively). Improvement in the information-only group was unexpected but appears to be similar to results of other online interventions. The fatigue self-management and information-only groups performed better than the control on some secondary outcome measures. Low power in the analysis may have contributed to the findings. Repeated-measures ANCOVA showed that the fatigue self-management and the information-only groups improved over time on the Fatigue Impact Scale and the Activity Card Sort (P<0.05). The control group showed no improvements over time.
Do rehabilitation professionals need to consider their clients’ health literacy for effective practice?
Authors: Levasseur Mélanie , Carrier Annie 
Published: June 2010

Objective: To discuss the importance of integrating health literacy into rehabilitation practice. Background: The effectiveness of rehabilitation interventions and clients’ long-term health might depend on various factors, including health literacy. Health literacy is defined as the ability to access, understand, evaluate and communicate information as a way to promote, maintain and improve health in a variety of settings over the life-course. Rehabilitation professionals are often uniformed about and neglect health literacy in their interventions. Method: The scientific and grey literature on health and, more specifically, rehabilitation and health promotion was reviewed. The MEDLINE, OTDBASE, CINAHL, AMED and MANTIS databases were searched by combining the keyword (1) ‘health literacy’ with the keywords (2) ‘rehabilitation’, ‘physical therapy’, ‘occupational therapy’ or ‘health promotion’. Results: Health literacy is one of the foundations of individual health and might have an impact on interventions, the individual and society. All papers addressing both health literacy and rehabilitation (n = 10) specifically mentioned that rehabilitation professionals need to consider their clients’ health literacy. Rehabilitation is particularly linked to health literacy because both stress the importance of (1) capacities, functioning, participation and empowerment of clients; (2) holistic approach; (3) client-centred practice; (4) teaching of information and methods; and (5) access to services and equity issues. Conclusions: Based on these results, we think it is important that rehabilitation professionals be aware of the importance of health literacy and intervene to improve it. The challenge is now to better understand how health literacy influences the effectiveness of rehabilitation and health outcomes.
The effects of ‘on-call/out of hours’ physical therapy in acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Babu Abraham Samuel , Manjula Sukumari Noone  , Haneef Mohammed , Samuel Prasanna 
Published: June 2010

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of an on-call physical therapy programme in the management of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Setting: Secondary care level, rural hospital. Subjects: Thirty-eight patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Interventions: Regular physical therapy and on-call physical therapy was given to two groups of patients with 19 in each arm. On-call physical therapy included providing respiratory physical therapy as required by the patient out of business hours. Main measures: Peak expiratory flow rate, sustained maximal inspiration, six-minute walk distance and rating of perceived exertion post six-minute walk test. Results: In the group receiving on-call physical therapy, peak expiratory flow rate and six-minute walk test showed a significant difference (52.1 L/min and 98.16 m, respectively) when compared with the control group (211.57 ± 51.12 L/min and 159.47 ± 67.78 L/min; P =0.01 and 387.89 ± 110.1 m and 289.73 ± 103.2 m; P=0.004 respectively). The difference in peak expiratory flow rate (Δ peak expiratory flow rate) was seen to be more in the on-call group (120 L/min) when compared to the control group (50 L/min), P =0.002. Improvements in sustained maximal inspiration and Borg’s rating of perceived exertion after the six-minute walk test were also observed (P>0.05). Conclusion: On-call physical therapy brings about a significant increase in peak expiratory flow rates, six-minute walk distance and sustained maximal inspiration.
Melatonin ameliorates Alzheimer-like pathological changes and spatial memory retention impairment induced by calyculin A
Authors: Yang Xifei , Yang Ying , Fu Zhengqi , Li Yin , Feng Jing , Luo Jinzhuo , Zhang Qiuyue , Wang Qun , Tian Qing 
Published: June 2010

We have reported recently that inhibition of protein phosphatase (PP)-2A and PP-1 by calyculin A, a specific inhibitor of PP-2A and PP-1, induced Alzheimer-like hyperphosphorylation of tau and spatial memory retention impairment. In this study, we tested the in vivo effects of melatonin on these Alzheimer-like changes. We found that administration of melatonin intraperitoneally for 9 consecutive days before injection of calyculin A could prevent calyculin A-induced synaptophysin loss, memory retention deficits, as well as hyperphosphorylation of tau and neurofilaments. Furthermore, melatonin partially reversed the phosphorylation of the catalytic subunit of PP-2A at Tyrosine 307 (Y307), a crucial site negatively regulating the activity of PP-2A, and reduced the levels of malondialdehyde, a marker of oxidative stress, induced by calyculin A. These results suggest that melatonin could serve as a potential therapeutic agent for preventing Alzheimer-like pathological changes and behavioral abnormality via modulating the activity of PP-2A and oxidative stress.
Throwing Arm Dominance in Collegiate Baseball Pitching
Authors: Werner Sherry L. , Guido John A. , Delude Neil A. , Stewart Gregory W. , Greenfield John H. , Meister Keith 
Published: June 2010

Background: Left-handed individuals make up about 10% of the general population, yet left-handers comprise approximately 30% of the pitching staffs in Major League and Division I college baseball. Despite speculation regarding differences between right- and left-handed pitchers, distinction between right- and left-handed pitching mechanics has not been documented in the literature at any level of play. Hypothesis: Left-hand–dominant pitchers display similar pitching mechanics and upper extremity joint loads when compared to their right-hand–dominant counterparts. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Three-dimensional, high-speed (240-Hz) video data were collected on fastballs from 84 collegiate baseball pitchers. Kinematic parameters related to pitching mechanics and resultant kinetics on the throwing shoulder and elbow were calculated. The 28 left-handed pitchers in the database were matched with 28 right-handed pitchers for age, height, mass, and ball velocity, and paired t tests were used to compare the kinematic and kinetic parameters. Results: Six parameters were found to have statistically significant differences between left- and right-handed pitchers. Passive nonthrowing shoulder external rotation (right, 113° ± 9°; left, 124° ± 8°), elbow flexion at stride-foot contact (right, 79° ± 16°; left, 94° ± 20°), and shoulder abduction during acceleration (right, 72° ± 11°; left, 105° ± 8°) were greater in left-handed pitchers than right-handed pitchers. Shoulder abduction at stride-foot contact (right, 115° ± 13°; left, 73° ± 10°), shoulder horizontal abduction at stride-foot contact (right, 25° ± 12°; left, 15° ± 12°), and peak horizontal adduction angular velocity (right, 707 ± 185 deg/s; left, 551 ± 160 deg/s) were less for the left-handed pitchers. Conclusion: Biomechanical differences between left- and right-handed pitchers have been demonstrated in a collegiate population. Clinical Relevance: The results of the current study indicate that left-handed pitchers may be at increased risk for certain shoulder injuries compared with their right-handed counterparts. Information has been provided for athletes, coaches, and sports medicine providers to further improve preventive and rehabilitative protocols for college pitchers. The results of the study also suggest that different normative data sets may need to be developed for left- and right-handed pitchers, independently of one another.
The 341C/T polymorphism in the GSTP1 gene is associated with increased risk of oesophageal cancer
Authors: Li Dongping , Dandara Collet , Parker M Iqbal 
Published: June 2010

Abstract

Background
The Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) comprise a group of enzymes that are critical in the detoxification of carcinogens. In this study the effects of polymorphisms in these genes on the risk of developing oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) were evaluated in a hospital-based case-control study in two South African population groups. Genetic polymorphisms in GSTs were investigated in 245 patients and 288 controls samples by PCR-RFLP analysis.

Results
The GSTP1 341T variant was associated with significantly increased risk of developing OSCC as observed from the odds ratios for the GSTP1 341C/T and GSTP1 341T/T genotypes (OR = 4.98; 95%CI 3.05-8.11 and OR = 10.9; 95%CI 2.43-49.1, respectively) when compared to the homozygous GSTP1 341C/C genotype. The risk for OSCC in the combined GSTP1 341C/T and T/T genotypes was higher in tobacco smokers (OR = 7.51, 95% CI 3.82-14.7), alcohol consumers (OR = 15.3, 95% CI 1.81-12.9) and those using wood or charcoal for cooking and heating (OR = 12.1, 95% CI 3.26-49) when compared to those who did not smoke tobacco, or did not consume alcohol or user other forms of fuel for cooking and heating. Despite the close proximity of the two GSTP1 SNPs (313A>G and 341C>T), they were not in linkage disequilibrium in these two population groups (D':1.0, LOD: 0.52, r2: 0.225). The GSTP1 313A/G polymorphism on the other hand, did not display any association with OSSC. The homozygous GSTT1*0 genotype was associated with increased risk of OSCC (OR = 1.71, 95%CI 1.18-2.46) while the homozygous GSTM1*0 genotype was associated with significantly decreased risk of OSCC in the Mixed Ancestry subjects (OR= 0.39, 95%CI 0.25-0.62).

Conclusions
This study shows that the risk of developing OSCC in the South African population can be partly explained by genetic polymorphisms in GST coding genes and their interaction with environmental factors such as tobacco smoke and alcohol consumption.