bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A highly sensitive LC–tandem MS assay for the measurement in plasma and in urine of salbutamol administered by nebulization during mechanical ventilation in healthy volunteers
Authors: Sidler‐Moix Anne‐Laure , Mercier Thomas , Decosterd Laurent A. , Di Paolo Ermindo R. , Berger‐Gryllaki Markoulina , Cotting Jacques , Pannatier André 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACTThe new‐generation nebulizers are commonly used for the administration of salbutamol in mechanically ventilated patients. The different modes of administration and new devices have not been compared. We developed a liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of concentrations as low as 0.05 ng/mL of salbutamol, corresponding to the desired plasma concentration after inhalation. Salbutamol quantification was performed by reverse‐phase HPLC. Analyte quantification was performed by electrospray ionization–triple quadrupole mass spectrometry using selected reaction monitoring detection ESI in the positive mode. The method was validated over concentrations ranging from 0.05 to 100 ng/mL in plasma and from 0.18 to 135 ng/mL in urine. The method is precise, with mean inter‐day coefficient of variation (CV%) within 3.1–8.3% in plasma and 1.3–3.9% in urine, as well as accurate. The proposed method was found to reach the required sensitivity for the evaluation of different nebulizers as well as nebulization modes. The present assay was applied to examine whether salbutamol urine levels, normalized with the creatinine levels, correlated with the plasma concentrations. A suitable, convenient and noninvasive method of monitoring patients receiving salbutamol by mechanical ventilation could be implemented. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Determination of unbound prednisolone, prednisone and cortisol in human serum and saliva by on‐line solid‐phase extraction liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and potential implications for drug monitoring of prednisolone and prednisone in saliva
Authors: Ruiter A. F. C. , Teeninga N. , Nauta J. , Endert E. , Ackermans M. T. 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACTPrednisolone (PLN) and prednisone (PN) are widely used glucocorticoids. Drug monitoring of PLN and PN is not routinely done owing to the need for multiple blood sampling and challenging measurement of unbound PLN and PN in blood. Here we present a robust method for quantification of cortisol, PLN and PN in serum, ultrafiltrate and saliva by on‐line solid‐phase extraction LC‐MS/MS. The method is linear for the three analytes over the range of 6–1400 nmol/L for serum and 2–450 nmol/L for ultrafiltrate and saliva. Within‐run precision of all three analytes was <10% and total precision was <15%. This method was applied to create time–concentration profiles of cortisol, PLN and PN after an oral dose of prednisolone in a healthy volunteer. Salivary levels of PLN correlated well with ultrafiltrate levels (p < 0.01), while this correlation was only marginal for PN (p = 0.052). The PN/PLN ratio was significantly higher in saliva than in ultrafiltrate and serum (p < 0.01). Addition sums of both metabolites in saliva showed excellent correlation with those of ultrafiltrate (p < 0.01). These findings have not been presented before and may have important implications for future studies concerning drug monitoring of PLN and PN in saliva. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Re‐animation and rehabilitation of the paralyzed face in head and neck cancer patients
Authors: Divi Vasu , Deschler Daniel G. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractFacial nerve paralysis can occasionally result from the treatment of head and neck cancer. The treatment of paralysis is patient specific, and requires an assessment of the remaining nerve segments, musculature, functional deficits, anticipated recovery, and patient factors. When feasible, reinnervation of the remaining musculature can provide the most natural outcome. However, the complex and topographic nature of facial innervation often prevents complete and meaningful movement. In these instances, a wide variety of procedures can be used to combat the functional and cosmetic sequella of facial paralysis. Clin. Anat. 25:99–107, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An innovative software application for surveying education
Authors: Dib Hazar , Adamo‐Villani Nicoletta 
Published: October 2011

AbstractWe present an innovative educational computer application for undergraduate students enrolled in a Construction Surveying Fundamentals course. The application includes an Interactive Virtual Environment for learning surveying concepts and practices, and an e‐assessment tool that measures the individual student's cognitive and practical abilities. Results of a pilot study with 31 undergraduate students and 2 faculties showed that the software was perceived as easy to use, useful, and effective at measuring the individual student's performance. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 22:551–562, 2014; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/cae; DOI 10.1002/cae.10.1002/cae.20580
Design of Fructooligosaccharide Separation Using Simulated Moving‐Bed Chromatography
Authors: Vaňková K. , Polakovič M. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractDesign simulations of a simulated moving‐bed (SMB) chromatography unit for the separation of fructooligosaccharides (FOS) were carried out. Using the constraints on the FOS purity in the raffinate of 90 % and FOS yield in the raffinate higher than 95 %, optimal distribution of a system of twelve columns into individual process zones and optimal values for the port switching period and the flow rates were found. The optimization function was the maximum productivity of FOS when the other evaluated performance criteria were the eluent consumption and product dilution. The performance of the designed SMB system was compared to that of a batch chromatography system that was simulated for a battery of identical columns. The sensitivity of the found optimum was analyzed with respect to the optimization parameters.
DNA–Polymer Micelles as Nanoparticles with Recognition Ability
Authors: Talom Renée Mayap , Fuks Gad , Kaps Leonard , Oberdisse Julian , Cerclier Christel , Gaillard Cédric , Mingotaud Christophe , Gauffre Fabienne 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe Watson–Crick binding of DNA single strands is a powerful tool for the assembly of nanostructures. Our objective is to develop polymer nanoparticles equipped with DNA strands for surface‐patterning applications, taking advantage of the DNA technology, in particular, recognition and reversibility. A hybrid DNA copolymer is synthesized through the conjugation of a ssDNA (22‐mer) with a poly(ethylene oxide)‐poly(caprolactone) diblock copolymer (PEO‐b‐PCl). It is shown that, in water, the PEO‐b‐PCl‐ssDNA22 polymer forms micelles with a PCl hydrophobic core and a hydrophilic corona made of PEO and DNA. The micelles are thoroughly characterized using electron microscopy (TEM and cryoTEM) and small‐angle neutron scattering. The binding of these DNA micelles to a surface through DNA recognition is monitored using a quartz crystal microbalance and imaged by atomic force microscopy. The micelles can be released from the surface by a competitive displacement event.
Copper‐Catalyzed 1,2‐Addition of Nucleophilic Silicon to Aldehydes: Mechanistic Insight and Catalytic Systems
Authors: Kleeberg Christian , Feldmann Evgenia , Hartmann Eduard , Vyas Devendra J. , Oestreich Martin 
Published: October 2011

AbstractActivation of the SiB inter‐element bond with copper(I) alkoxides produces copper‐based silicon nucleophiles that react readily with aldehydes to yield α‐silyl alcohols (that is, α‐hydroxysilanes) after hydrolysis. Two independent protocols were developed, one employing a well‐defined NHCCuOtBu complex and one using the simple CuCN–NaOMe combination without added ligand. The mechanism of the aldehyde addition was investigated in detail by stoichiometric and catalytic experiments as well as NMR spectroscopic measurements. The primary reaction product of the addition of the SiB reagent and the aldehyde (a boric acid ester of the α‐silyl alcohol) and also the “dead‐end” intermediate, formed in the competing [1,2]‐Brook rearrangement, were characterized crystallographically. Based on these data, a reasonable catalytic cycle is proposed. The NHCCuOtBu catalytic setup performs nicely at elevated temperature. A more reactive catalytic system is generated from CuCN–NaOMe, showing fast turnover at a significantly lower temperature. Both aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes are transformed into the corresponding α‐silyl alcohols in good to very good yields under these mild reaction conditions.
Dictionary‐based estimation of spectra for wide‐gamut color imaging
Authors: Murakami Yuri , Yamaguchi Masahiro , Ohyama Nagaaki 
Published: October 2011

AbstractWith the widespread use of commercialized wide‐gamut displays, the demand for wide‐gamut image content is increasing. To acquire wide‐gamut image content using camera systems, color information should be accurately reconstructed from recorded image signals for a wide range of colors. However, it is difficult to obtain color information accurately, especially for saturated colors, if conventional color cameras are used. Spectrum‐based color image reproduction can solve this problem; however, bulky spectral imaging systems are required for this purpose. To acquire spectral images more conveniently, a new spectral imaging scheme has been proposed that uses two types of data: high spatial‐resolution red, green, and blue (RGB) images and low spatial‐resolution spectral data measured from the same scene. Although this method estimates spectral images with high overall accuracy, the error becomes relatively large when multiple different colors, especially those with high saturation, are arranged in a small region. The main reason for this error is that the spectral data are utilized as low‐order spectral statistics of local spectra in this method. To solve this problem, in this study, a nonlinear estimation method based on sparse and redundant dictionaries was used for spectral image estimation—where the dictionary contains a number of spectra—without loss of information from the low spatial‐resolution spectral data. The estimated spectra are represented by a mixture of a few spectra included in the dictionary. Therefore, the respective feature of every spectrum is expected to be preserved in the estimation, and the color saturation is also preserved for any region. Experiments performed using the simulated data showed that the dictionary‐based estimation can be used to obtain saturated colors accurately, even when multiple colors are arranged in a small region. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 2013
Natural selection: A concept in need of some evolution?
Authors: Smith Charles H. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractIn some respects natural selection is a quite simple theory, arrived at through the logical integration of three propositions (the presence of variation within natural populations, an absolutely limited resources base, and procreation capacities exceeding mere replacement numbers) whose individual truths can hardly be denied. Its relation to the larger subject of evolution, however, remains problematic. It is suggested here thata scaling‐down of the meaning of natural selection to “the elimination of the unfit,” as originally intended by Alfred Russel Wallace (1823–1913), might ultimately prove a more effective means of relating it to larger‐scale, longer‐term, evolutionary processes. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity, 2011
Emulation and complementarity in one‐dimensional alternatives of the axelrod model with binary features
Authors: Adamopoulos A. , Scarlatos S. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractWe investigate the one‐dimensional dynamics of alternatives of the Axelrod model (ξt) with k binary features and confidence parameter ε = 0, 1,…, k. Simultaneously, the simple Axelrod model is also critically examined. Specifically, for small and large ε, simulations suggest that the convergent model (ξt) is emulated by a corresponding attractive model (ηt) with the same parameters (conditional on bounded confidence). (ηt) is more mathematically tractable than (ξt), and the very definitions of the two qualitative behaviors of cyclic particle systems (fluctuation and fixation) are applicable in special cases. Moreover, we observe a complementarity: for not too small k and
$\varepsilon \approx {k \over 2}$, (ηt) fixates (each site has a final type independent of the possibly infinite size of the lattice), whereas (ξt) fluctuates (each site changes type at arbitrarily larger times t as the size of the lattice increases). © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity, 2011
Lymphohistiocytoid mesothelioma of the pleura: A case report with cytological findings
Authors: Tresserra Francisco , Castella Miriam , Fabra Gemma , Angeles Martinez Maria , Dominguez Mariasun , Fernandez‐Cid Carmen , Amalrich Maria Dolors , Ramos Carolina 
Published: October 2011

AbstractLymphohistiocytoid malignant mesothelioma is an infrequent variant of sarcomatoid mesothelioma representing approximately 0.5–3.3% of malignant mesotheliomas. It has been related to asbestos exposure. The tumor is characterized by a diffuse large histiocyte‐like cells proliferation mixed with an inflammatory infiltrate of lymphocytes and plasma cells. Its cytological diagnosis is difficult. We present a case of a 67‐year‐old female with lymphohistiocytoid mesothelioma involving the left pleura. The cytological, histological, and immunohistochemical features are discussed. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2013. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Inclusion of a portion of the native SNCA 3′UTR reduces toxicity of human S129A SNCA on striatal‐projecting dopamine neurons in rat substantia Nigra
Authors: Khodr Christina E. , Pedapati Jyothi , Han Ye , Bohn Martha C. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractExperimental models of Parkinson's disease (PD) created by aberrant expression of the alpha‐synuclein (SNCA) coding region have been reported. However, noncoding regions function in normal physiology and recent in vitro studies have shown that microRNAs‐7 and ‐153 regulate SNCA expression by binding the 3′UTR. Here, effects of different hSNCA forms were examined in vivo. Adult, male rats were injected into one substantia nigra (SN) with AAV‐wtSNCA, AAV‐S129A hSNCA, or AAV‐S129D hSNCA either with or without a portion of the native 3′UTR. DA neurons in SN that maintained striatal (ST) projections at the end of treatment were retrogradely labeled by bilateral ST fluorogold (FG) injections and FG‐positive DA neurons in SN were counted. At 5 weeks, hSNCA coding vectors reduced numbers of FG‐positive neurons in injected SN compared with uninjected SN (wtSNCA, p = 0.05; S129A/D hSNCA, p = 0.01). At 7 and 9 weeks, wtSNCA‐ and S129D hSNCA‐treated rats exhibited recovery, but S129A hSNCA‐injected rats did not (p = 0.01). In contrast, numbers of FG‐positive neurons were unaffected by hSNCA expression when the 3′UTR was included. When FG‐positive neurons were expressed as the ratio of numbers in injected to uninjected sides, the S129A hSNCA coding vector resulted in the highest decrease at 9 weeks versus wtSNCA (p = 0.05) or S129D hSNCA (p = 0.01). Inclusion of the 3′UTR resulted in no significant differences in FG‐positive neuron ratios. These data suggest that inclusion of the 3′UTR protects against S129A hSNCA‐induced loss of nigrostriatal‐projecting DA neurons in vivo and that mis‐regulation of hSNCA expression and function at noncoding regions contribute to PD pathogenesis. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 72: 906–917, 2012
EphB signaling regulates target innervation in the developing and deafferented auditory brainstem
Authors: Nakamura Paul A. , Hsieh Candace Y. , Cramer Karina S. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractPrecision in auditory brainstem connectivity underlies sound localization. Cochlear activity is transmitted to the ventral cochlear nucleus (VCN) in the mammalian brainstem via the auditory nerve. VCN globular bushy cells project to the contralateral medial nucleus of the trapezoid body (MNTB), where specialized axons terminals, the calyces of Held, encapsulate MNTB principal neurons. The VCN‐MNTB pathway is an essential component of the circuitry used to compute interaural intensity differences that are used for localizing sounds. When input from one ear is removed during early postnatal development, auditory brainstem circuitry displays robust anatomical plasticity. The molecular mechanisms that control the development of auditory brainstem circuitry and the developmental plasticity of these pathways are poorly understood. In this study we examined the role of EphB signaling in the development of the VCN‐MNTB projection and in the reorganization of this pathway after unilateral deafferentation. We found that EphB2 and EphB3 reverse signaling are critical for the normal development of the projection from VCN to MNTB, but that successful circuit assembly most likely relies upon the coordinated function of many EphB proteins. We have also found that ephrin‐B reverse signaling repels induced projections to the ipsilateral MNTB after unilateral deafferentation, suggesting that similar mechanisms regulate these two processes. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol, 2012
Postnatal developmental profile of neurons and glia in motor nuclei of the brainstem and spinal cord, and its comparison with organotypic slice cultures
Authors: Cifra Alessandra , Mazzone Graciela L. , Nani Francesca , Nistri Andrea , Mladinic Miranda 
Published: October 2011

AbstractIn vitro preparations of the neonatal rat spinal cord or brainstem are useful to investigate the organization of motor networks and their dysfunction in neurological disease models. Long‐term spinal cord organotypic cultures can extend our understanding of such pathophysiological processes over longer times. It is, however, surprising that detailed descriptions of the type (and number) of neurons and glia in such preparations are currently unavailable to evaluate cell‐selectivity of experimental damage. The focus of the present immunohistochemical study is the novel characterization of the cell population in the lumbar locomotor region of the rat spinal cord and in the brainstem motor nucleus hypoglossus at 0–4 postnatal days, and its comparison with spinal organotypic cultures at 2–22 days in vitro. In the nucleus hypoglossus, neurons were 40% of all cells and 80% of these were motoneurons. Astrocytes (35% of total cells) were the main glial cells, while microglia was <10%. In the spinal gray matter, the highest neuronal density was in the dorsal horn (>80%) and the lowest in the ventral horn (≤57%) with inverse astroglia numbers and few microglia. The number of neurons (including motoneurons) and astrocytes was stable after birth. Like in the spinal cord, motoneurons in organotypic spinal culture were <10% of ventral horn cells, with neurons <40%, and the rest made up by glia. The present report indicates a comparable degree of neuronal and glial maturation in brainstem and spinal motor nuclei, and that this condition is also observed in 3‐week‐old organotypic cultures. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol, 2012
EGFR signaling modulates synaptic connectivity via Gurken
Authors: Naylor Sarah A. , DiAntonio Aaron 
Published: October 2011

AbstractSynaptic target selection is critical for establishing functional neuronal circuits. The mechanisms regulating target selection remain incompletely understood. We describe a role for the EGF receptor and its ligand Gurken in target selection of octopaminergic Type II neurons in the Drosophila neuromuscular system. Mutants in happyhour, a regulator of EGFR signaling, form ectopic Type II neuromuscular junctions. These ectopic innervations are due to inappropriate target selection. We demonstrate that EGFR signaling is necessary and sufficient to inhibit synaptic target selection by these octopaminergic Type II neurons, and that the EGFR ligand Gurken is the postsynaptic, muscle‐derived repulsive cue. These results identify a new pathway mediating cell‐type and branch‐specific synaptic repulsion, a novel role for EGFR signaling in synaptic target selection, and an unexpected role for Gurken as a muscle‐secreted repulsive ligand. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol, 2012
Rapid neural circuit switching mediated by synaptic plasticity during neural morphallactic regeneration
Authors: Lybrand Zane R. , Zoran Mark J. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe aquatic oligochaete, Lumbriculus variegatus (Lumbriculidae), undergoes a rapid regenerative transformation of its neural circuits following body fragmentation. This type of nervous system plasticity, called neural morphallaxis, involves the remodeling of the giant fiber pathways that mediate rapid head and tail withdrawal behaviors. Extra‐ and intracellular electrophysiological recordings demonstrated that changes in cellular properties and synaptic connections underlie neurobehavioral plasticity during morphallaxis. Sensory‐to‐giant interneuron connections, undetectable prior to body injury, emerged within hours of segment amputation. The appearance of functional synaptic transmission was followed by interneuron activation, coupling of giant fiber spiking to motor outputs and overt segmental shortening. The onset of morphallactic plasticity varied along the body axis and emerged more rapidly in segments closer to regions of sensory field overlap between the two giant fiber pathways. The medial and lateral giant fibers were simultaneously activated during a transient phase of network remodeling. Thus, synaptic plasticity at sensory‐to‐giant interneuron connections mediates escape circuit morphallaxis in this regenerating annelid worm. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol, 2012
The Zinc‐Dependent Fluorescence of a Synthetic GFP‐Like Chromophore in Organic Solvents
Authors: Kang Juntao , Fang Xinxiu , Chen Xiankai , Zhao Guiyan , Ren Aimin , Xu Jingwei , Yang Wei 
Published: October 2011

AbstractA synthetic green fluorescent protein analogue showed Zn2+‐induced fluorescence in organic solvents (Φ = 0.07 at r.t. and up to 0.3 at low temperature). The experimental observations and theoretical calculations suggest that Zn2+ binding inhibits the free rotation of an aryl–alkene bond, which allows excited molecules to relax through the emission pathway instead of the thermodynamic pathway. The solvent influenced the fluorescence intensities and wavelengths by direct or indirect interactions with the molecules.
Total Synthesis of the Proposed Structure of Trocheliophorolide D
Authors: Hwang Soonho , Kim Jae Hyun , Kim Hak Sung , Kim Sanghee 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe proposed structure of trocheliophorolide D was synthesized, and the NMR spectra of the synthetic compound proved to be inconsistent with those of the natural product. Our synthesis features the construction of the 2‐butenolide moiety by using an aldol strategy and assembly of the triyne system during the final stage of the synthesis.