bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Theoretical analysis of correlation between ionization threshold fluence in IR‐MALDI and IR absorption spectrum of matrix molecules
Authors: Hatakeyama Makoto , Mashiko Takako , Hazama Hisanao , Awazu Kunio , Tachikawa Masanori 
Published: July 2012

AbstractTo investigate the correlation between the wavelength dependence of ionization threshold fluence of target molecule in matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization by infrared (IR) laser and the IR absorption spectrum of matrix molecule, we have analyzed the IR absorption spectra of four matrix molecules using density functional theory and correlated ab initio molecular orbital method. The calculated IR absorption spectra of the isolated molecules showed more qualitative correlation with the wavelength dependence of ionization threshold fluence than those of the solid state structures. We can consider that a portion of matrix molecules lost the ordered crystal structure and that the transition to the diluted or isolated state occurred at the early process of IR laser irradiation. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A TD‐DFT basis set and density functional assessment for the calculation of electronic excitation energies of fluorene
Authors: Barboza Cristina Aparecida , Vazquez Pedro Antonio Muniz , Mac‐Leod Carey Desmond , Arratia‐Perez Ramiro 
Published: July 2012

AbstractConjugated organic materials are the subject of intensive research for a range of optoelectronic applications. A model for such molecules is fluorene, which consists of rigid planar biphenyl units of C2v symmetry. A low energy experimental absorption spectrum in the gas phase is composed of A1 and B2 transitions. The aim of this work is to evaluate the performance of the basis sets cc‐pVXZ (X = D and T), aug‐cc‐pVDZ, 6‐31G**, 6‐31++G**, 6‐311G**, 6‐311++G**, Sadlej‐pVTZ, Z2Pol, Z3Pol, and pSBKJC and of the functionals B3LYP, B3LYP/CS00, CAM‐B3LYP, PBE0, and LB94 in predicting the electronic transitions obtained taking linear response‐coupled cluster singles and doubles (LR‐CCSD) results as the theoretical reference. Our findings suggest that the time‐dependent density functional theory singles method is not able to correctly assign the predicted spectrum while LR‐CCSD always correctly describes the experimental data. Among the studied density functionals, the best performance was achieved by the CAMB3LYP. For transitions above 5 eV, diffuse functions are required to properly predict the observed transitions. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Nonlinear model predictive control from data: a set membership approach
Authors: Canale M. , Fagiano L. , Signorile M.C. 
Published: July 2012

SUMMARYA new approach to design a Nonlinear Model Predictive Control law that employs an approximate model, derived directly from data, is introduced. The main advantage of using such models lies in the possibility to obtain a finite computable bound on the worst‐case model error. Such a bound can be exploited to analyze the robust convergence of the system trajectories to a neighborhood of the origin. The effectiveness of the proposed approach, named Set Membership Predictive Control, is shown in a vehicle lateral stability control problem, through numerical simulations of harsh maneuvers. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A robust discrete‐time adaptive control approach for systems with almost periodic time‐varying parameters
Authors: Abidi Khalid 
Published: July 2012

SUMMARYA periodic adaptive control approach is proposed for a class of nonlinear discrete‐time systems with time‐varying parametric uncertainties which are almost periodic, and the only prior knowledge is the periodicity. The new adaptive controller updates the parameters and the control signal periodically in a pointwise manner over one entire period, in the sequel that achieves a bounded tracking convergence. The result is further extended to scenarios with unknown input gain, higher order dynamics, and tracking. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Misconceptions about “misconceptions”: Preservice secondary science teachers' views on the value and role of student ideas
Authors: Larkin Douglas 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThere remains a lack of agreement in the field of science education as to whether student “misconceptions” ought to be considered obstacles or resources, and this has implications for the ways in which prospective teachers think about the value of their students' ideas. This empirical study examines how 14 preservice secondary science teachers in four different science teacher preparation programs interpreted the rationale for eliciting student ideas. The findings indicate that the preservice teachers in this study showed an increase in recognizing the importance of student ideas, yet not all took the same view of their role and value in teaching, which appeared to be closely connected to beliefs about how learning takes place. Five different orientations to student ideas are described in the findings. These include viewing student ideas as evidence of content coverage, as obstacles to understanding, as tools to prime students thinking, interest, and activity, as elements of a positive classroom environment, and as the raw material of learning. The findings suggest that science teacher educators help focus preservice teachers' attention on student thinking and help them learn to incorporate their students' ideas into their instruction in ways that build upon those ideas. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Sci Ed 96:927–959, 2012
Integrated program verification tools in education
Authors: de Caso Guido , Garbervetsky Diego , Gorín Daniel 
Published: July 2012

SUMMARYAutomated software verification is an active field of research, which has made enormous progress both in theoretical and practical aspects. Even if not ready for large‐scale industrial adoption, the technology behind automated program verifiers is now mature enough to gracefully handle the kind of programs that arise in introductory programming courses. This opens exciting new opportunities in teaching the basics of reasoning about program correctness to novice students. However, for these tools to be effective, command‐line‐style user‐interfaces need to be replaced. In this paper, we report on our experience using the verifying compiler for PEST in an introductory programming course as well as in a more advanced course on program analysis. PEST is an extremely basic programming language, but with expressive annotations capabilities and semantics amenable to verification. In particular, we comment on the crucial role played by the integration of this verifying compiler with the Eclipse integrated development environment. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
DNA‐based plasmonic nanoarchitectures: from structural design to emerging applications
Authors: Chen Yi , Cheng Wenlong 
Published: July 2012

AbstractPlasmonic nanoarchitectures refer to the well‐defined groupings of elementary metallic nanoparticle building blocks. Such nanostructures have a plethora of technical applications in diagnostics, energy‐harvesting, and nanophotonic circuits, to name a few. Nevertheless, it remains challenging to construct plasmonic nanoarchitectures at will inexpensively. Bottom‐up self‐assembly is promising to overcome these limitations, but such methods often produce defects and low‐yields. For these purposes, DNA has emerged as a powerful nanomaterial beyond its genetic function in biology to either program or template synthesis of plasmonic nanostructures, or act as a ligand to mediate large‐area self‐assembly. In conjunction with top‐down lithography, DNA‐based strategies can afford excellent control over internal and overall structures of plasmonic nanoarchitectures. In this review, we outline the representative methodologies for building various well‐defined plasmonic nanoarchitectures and cover their recent exciting applications. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2012, 4:587–604. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1184This article is categorized under:

Diagnostic Tools > Diagnostic Nanodevices
Diagnostic Tools > In Vitro Nanoparticle-Based Sensing
Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology
A direct comparison of camera‐trapping and sign transects for monitoring wildlife in the Wanglang National Nature Reserve, China
Authors: Li Sheng , McShea William J. , Wang Dajun , Huang Junzhong , Shao Liangkun 
Published: July 2012

AbstractWildlife monitoring plays a critical role in evaluating the management and conservation of biodiversity. During monitoring activities in Chinese nature reserves dedicated to giant panda conservation, indirect sign surveys along fixed transects are the standard methodology used to monitor large‐mammal populations. Camera‐trapping has been recently introduced to these reserves as an additional monitoring tool. We present a case study of comparing current sign‐transect monitoring with camera‐trapping in Wanglang National Nature Reserve, China, from September 2004 through October 2005, and we assess the effectiveness of both methods in detecting terrestrial fauna. Camera‐trapping detected 21 mammal species, while sign transects detected 16 species. We found no significant difference in the animal community detected by each method; however, sign transects were weighted toward detecting large‐sized animals. Each survey technique had different strengths; therefore, a combined sampling of camera‐trapping (800 camera‐days) and sign transects (80 km) was sufficient to detect 95% of detectable large, terrestrial mammal species within this 323‐km2 reserve. Our estimate of species richness based on camera‐trapping (39.0 ± 13.6 species) and sign transects (20.0 ± 4.4 species) suggests that camera‐trapping can detect more species when extensive sampling effort is employed by both methods. Camera‐trapping also has the potential for more robust estimates of population parameters than are possible with sign transects. We propose that the giant panda reserves in China can increase their efficiency and range of species monitored by using a system that integrates camera‐trapping with sign transects. © 2012 The Wildlife Society.
The prevailing paradigm as a hindrance to conservation
Authors: Morrison Michael L. , Collier Bret A. , Mathewson Heather A. , Groce Julie E. , Wilkins R. Neal 
Published: July 2012

AbstractWe review the history of population and ecological knowledge of the golden‐cheeked warbler (Setophaga chrysoparia). We highlight how incomplete information on distribution and abundance has led to substantial misunderstanding on species status and associated conservation goals. We discuss how once a paradigm is established, subsequent studies unconsciously fortify accepted understanding regardless of the paradigm's accuracy. For the golden‐cheeked warbler, understanding of the species at the time of listing in 1990 was based on either incorrect or untested assumptions of species distribution within available habitats. Adhering to untested assumptions led to development of priorities for research and management that were well‐intentioned but largely misguided. Ample information on the distribution of the warbler's habitats existed, however, which should have encouraged questions into the basis of population conditions when developing management prescriptions. Current knowledge clearly indicates that a new paradigm for the warbler is needed, that being one of a widely distributed species that is preadapted to occur within a variety of environmental conditions. © 2012 The Wildlife Society.
Enigmatic adult overwintering in damselflies: coexistence as weaker intraguild competitors due to niche separation in time
Authors: Harabiš Filip , Dolný Aleš , Šipoš Jan 
Published: July 2012

AbstractOdonata, like most freshwater invertebrates, tend to overwinter in water due to the thermal properties of a water environment. Winter damselflies (genus Sympecma), however, hibernate as adults in terrestrial habitats. The strategy of adult overwintering combined with high mortality is associated with several unique adaptations to semiarid conditions, but winter damselflies maintain this unique life history throughout almost the entire Palaearctic. We assume that the unique strategy of adult overwintering in temperate zones is indirectly maintained by niche separation in time. We used phenological data from the Czech Republic to compare the seasonal phenology of Sympecma spp. with other coexisting odonate species. Seasonal population growth patterns between S. fusca and other coexisting species representing different life histories were compared using GLMMs and LME. The models showed negative non‐linear dependence between the population growth of S. fusca and the estimated abundance of compared species. We found that the specific strategy of adult overwintering makes it possible to avoid seasonal maxima of competition and predation in adult and larval stages. Adults may benefit from free niches during spring while larvae may benefit from size advantage among intraguild competitors and optimal conditions for development.
Are Genetic Counselors and the Social Service System for People with Intellectual Disability Reaching Rapprochement?
Authors: Simon Elliott W. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractRecent advances in syndromic identification have resulted in genetic counselors providing services to increasing numbers of people with intellectual disability (ID) and their families. However, from the standpoint of professionals who support people with ID, genetic counselors are on the periphery of the extensive ID social service system. Reasons for this, based on a review of historical circumstances, definitional differences funding and a divergence of approaches, are critically presented and discussed. A model is offered that would allow for a closer working relationship and an integrated team approach that includes genetic counselors.
Morbidity Pattern of the 27th Indian Scientific Expedition to Antarctica
Authors: Bhatia Abhijeet , Pal Ranabir 
Published: July 2012

Objective To evaluate morbidity prototype of 27th Indian Scientific Expedition to Antarctica (ISEA). Methods Twenty-six team members of 27th ISEA wintered over at the Indian Antarctic Station, Maitri, from February 2008 to January 2009. The morbidity pattern was sourced from the medical records. Preexisting illnesses were also considered in this analysis. Results The team consisted of men between 27 and 59 years of age (mean age, 43 years). Nine team members had preexisting illnesses. A total of 93 illness incidents were recorded during the stay in Antarctica. Most of these (27) were musculoskeletal injuries, bruises, and lacerations. Thirty-two (34%) incidents of illness were noted under the purview of medicine; 26 (28%), surgery; 15 (16%), orthopedics; 9 (10%), otorhinolaryngology; 8 (9%), ophthalmology; 2 (2%), dentistry; and 3 (3%), psychiatry. Oral ulcers were noted in 8 (8%) participants primarily during early wintering. Conclusions Injuries continue to be the most common cause of morbidity in Antarctica. Nutritional deficiencies and cold-related injuries are relatively less common.
Paleowind velocity and paleocurrents of pluvial Lake Manly, Death Valley, USA
Authors: Knott Jeffrey R. , Fantozzi Joanna M. , Ferguson Kelly M. , Keller Summer E. , Nadimi Khadija , Rath Carolyn A. , Tarnowski Jennifer M. , Vitale Michelle L. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractPluvial lake deposits are found throughout western North America and are frequently used to reconstruct regional paleoclimate. In Death Valley, California, USA, we apply the beach particle technique (BPT) of Adams (2003), Sedimentology, 50, 565–577 and Adams (2004), Sedimentology, 51, 671–673 to Lake Manly deposits at the Beatty Junction Bar Complex (BJBC), Desolation Canyon, and Manly Terraces and calculate paleowind velocities of 14–27 m/s. These wind velocities are within the range of present-day wind velocities recorded in the surrounding area. Sedimentary structures and clast provenance at Desolation Canyon and the Manly Terraces indicate sediment transport from north to south. Lake level, based on the elevation of constructional features, indicates that the hill west of the BJBC was an island and that the BJBC spits formed during simple lake regression. The data are consistent with the hypothesis that the present wind regime (velocity and direction) formed the pluvial Lake Manly features.
A theory for the streamwise turbulent fluctuations in high Reynolds number pipe flow
Authors: Hultmark Marcus 
Published: July 2012

AbstractA new theory for the streamwise turbulent fluctuations in fully developed pipe flow is proposed. The theory extends the similarities between the mean flow and the streamwise turbulence fluctuations, as observed in experimental high Reynolds number data, to also include the theoretical derivation. Connecting the derivation of the fluctuations to that of the mean velocity at finite Reynolds number as introduced by Wosnik, Castillo & George (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 421, 2000, pp. 115–145) can explain the logarithmic behaviour as well as the coefficient of the logarithm. The slope of the logarithm, for the fluctuations, depends on the increase of the fluctuations with Reynolds number, which is shown to agree very well with the experimental data. A mesolayer, similar to that introduced by Wosnik et al., exists for the fluctuations for $300\gt {y}^{+ } \gt 800$, which coincides with the mesolayer for the mean velocities. In the mesolayer, the flow is still affected by viscosity, which shows up as a decrease in the fluctuations.
William Jones and His Unsuccessful Steamboat Venture of 1819
Authors: Redlich Fritz 
Published: July 2012

In connection with some research in the field of banking history the author recently came across the William Jones Papers, acquired a few years ago by the Historical Society of Pennsylvania. These records, which are of unusual interest in many respects, are the basis of the present essay.William Jones (1760-1831), as is generally known, was a Philadelphia shipping merchant and, during the War of 1812, both Madison's Secretary of the Navy and Secretary of the Treasury pro tem. In 1816 he became, for political reasons, the first president of the second Bank of the United States, but he resigned as early as January, 1819, after an inefficient and unsuccessful administration.
Reminiscences in Retailing
Authors: Appel Joseph H. 
Published: July 2012

An address delivered by Mr. Joseph H. Appel at the Annual Meeting of the Business Historical Society.It was two o'clock of a morning in late October, 1899. As night editor I had just put to press Colonel McClure's Philadelphia Times and was examining a first copy. My eye caught John Wanamaker's advertisement—with a banner head across the top—in color. A thought flashed in my mind—why not make it read: “Wanamaker's Daily News”? Make up the page like a newspaper—a newspaper of the store? Why not? Isn't a store a little world? Why not tell its news? I slept on the thought. Next day I wrote a letter—closing with “kindly reply at your earliest convenience.” The reply was prompt. “Come and see me,” signed John Wanamaker. Two days later I said goodbye to the Times and became an advertising writer in a great store.
Short-term effects of biogas residue application on yield performance and N balance parameters of maize in different cropping systems
Authors: HERRMANN A. , SIELING K. , WIENFORTH B. , TAUBE F. , KAGE H. 
Published: July 2012

SummaryThe expansion of biogas production in Germany poses a challenge in terms of the production of substrates for co-fermentation and the efficient use of biogas residues as fertilizers. At present there is limited information on the fertilizer value of biogas residues from energy-cropping systems. A 2-year field experiment was conducted at two sites in northern Germany to quantify the yield, nitrogen (N) concentration and the N balance of maize (Zea maysL.) grown in different crop rotations: (i) maize monoculture (R1), (ii) maize – whole-crop wheat followed by Italian ryegrass as catch crop (R2) and (iii) maize – grain wheat followed by mustard as catch crop (R3). Crops were fertilized with different levels of biogas residues, cattle slurry, pig slurry, or mineral N fertilizer, which allowed quantification of the apparent N recovery (ANR) of the fertilizer types tested. The results revealed that crop rotation in interaction with N amount had a pronounced effect on the yield of maize. Maximum yield of 19·1 t dry matter (DM)/ha, corresponding to biogas production of 6685 m3NCH4/ha, was achieved in maize monoculture on a sandy loam site. Maize grown in R3 showed the lowest N response but had the highest yield under low N supply, whereas R2 generally had the lowest yield and N content. Differences in yield performance were reflected in the N balances, differing by 50 kg N/ha between R1 and R2, whereas R3 produced the lowest yield at low N supply. The carry-over effects from the preceding catch crops in R2 and R3, however, reduce the meaningfulness of the simple N balance. Nitrogen fertilizer type showed no interaction with crop rotation. Biogas residue application resulted in similar maize yielding performance to pig slurry and cattle slurry. However, relative N fertilizer value (RNFV) was 30% higher for biogas residue at optimal N supply, i.e. the minimum N input to achieve maximum DM yield.
Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the ethmoid sinuses treated with radiotherapy alone
Authors: Flavahan P W , Keir J , Srinivasan V 
Published: July 2012

AbstractObjective:We present the first report of a case of neuroendocrine carcinoma of the paranasal sinuses treated successfully with radiotherapy alone.Method:A case report and literature review are presented.Results:Fewer than 50 cases of paranasal sinus neuroendocrine carcinoma have been reported. We present an 82-year-old man referred with recurrent epistaxis. He was investigated by biopsy, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, and was found to have a rare neuroendocrine carcinoma. He declined any surgery or chemotherapy but consented to radiotherapy. Thirty months later, he remained clinically free from cancer.Conclusion:There is no consensus for the management of paranasal sinus neuroendocrine carcinoma. Most cases are treated with surgery with or without chemoradiotherapy. This case shows that radiotherapy alone may be a viable treatment option for some cases.
Solidarity and Reciprocity in the Social Investment State: What Can be Learned from the Case of Flemish School Allowances and Truancy?
Authors: CANTILLON BEA , VAN LANCKER WIM 
Published: July 2012

AbstractIn this article, we discuss some of the new tensions that are emerging between the different foundations of the welfare state. Several developments have led to the advent of the social investment state, in which people are being activated and empowered instead of passively protected. We argue that this social policy shift has been accompanied by a normative shift towards a more stringent interpretation of social protection in which individual responsibility andquid pro quohave become the primordial focus. Using the Belgian (Flemish) disciplinary policy on truancy and school allowances as a case in point, we demonstrate that this social policy paradigm may have detrimental consequences for society's weakest: they will not always be able to meet the newly emerged standard of reciprocity. This implies an erosion of the ideal of social protection and encourages new forms of social exclusion. As these changes in the social policy framework are not confined to the Belgian case alone, our analysis bears relevance for all European welfare states.