bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Markets, music and all that jazz
Authors: Kubacki Krzysztof , Croft Robin 
Published: May 2011

PurposeIn recent years there has been a welcome growth of interest in learning how artists understand, engage with and respond to aspects of business practice such as marketing. In the case of music it has been suggested that artists are by no means universally motivated by commercial success, and in many cases find the practices of mass marketing repellent. However, there is general agreement that the study of attitudes of artists is still in its infancy, not just in terms of identifying the research agenda, but just as pressingly in identifying a range of appropriate methodological tools for understanding the phenomenon. This paper aims to address these issues.Design/methodology/approachThis paper describes a study where the focus was narrowed to a single genre (jazz), a single country (Poland) and a single artistic level (acts which have been successful both commercially and artistically). In total three biographical interviews were completed, involving four jazz musicians.FindingsThe research found many points of convergence with earlier studies, in particular the primacy of the artistic ideal over commercial imperatives. The evidence of this study, though, suggests that jazz musicians can engage with markets through a variety of different methods, which are heavily influenced by their desired and actual artistic identities.Originality/valueThis study sought to make a contribution to a growing area of research into musicians' identities outside the USA.
Internationalisation of Korean performing arts
Authors: Fillis Ian , Lee Boram 
Published: May 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to focus on the internationalisation process and experiences of Korean theatre companies. Factors investigated include cultural issues impinging on production values and the roles of entrepreneurial thinking and creativity. An analysis of impacting barriers on performing arts internationalisation is also carried out.Design/methodology/approachA case study approach was used to investigate the performance and internationalisation activities of five Korean theatre companies that participated in the Edinburgh Festival Fringe.FindingsThe exporting of Korean cultural products contributes markedly to the perception and understanding of Korea. Small theatre companies with a tolerance of risk‐taking, together with competencies in creativity and entrepreneurial thinking, can help to minimise the effect of unforeseen problems experienced during the internationalisation of theatre productions.Research limitations/implicationsThe in‐depth case study approach adopted here has resulted in the uncovering of data that would not have been unveiled through questionnaire analysis alone. The findings can, however, contribute to future large‐scale surveys of the arts industry.Practical implicationsThe issues identified in this study are also relevant for other forms of internationalising artistic productions. The successful combination of artistic ability and the implementation of entrepreneurial competencies, together with the creative use of limited resources, serve as competitive advantages for the arts organisation.Originality/valueThis research promotes a cross‐disciplinary approach to arts marketing in general by encouraging the interrogation of fields such as entrepreneurship, small business marketing and internationalisation research.
Scenistic methods for training: applications and practice
Authors: Lyons Paul R. 
Published: May 2011

PurposeThis paper aims to complement an earlier article (2010) in Journal of European Industrial Training in which the description and theory bases of scenistic methods were presented. This paper also offers a description of scenistic methods and information on theory bases. However, the main thrust of this paper is to describe, give suggested uses for, and then to examine the empirical research already conducted on three scenistic methods: skill charting, case‐based modeling and performance templates. The thrust of the research review is to examine the efficacy of each of the three methods.Design/methodology/approachFollowing the descriptive information regarding scenistic methods in‐general, each of the three specific methods (see above) are explained in detail as they might be used in training practice. Then, for each method, samples of the extant empirical research attendant to the method is examined.FindingsWith regard to the empirical research presented in the paper it is found that in most practical applications of the methods, employees trained with scenistic methods out‐perform employees trained with more conventional methods on some if not most of the variables under examination. The findings demonstrate that scenistic methods clearly have promise, although statistical precision is compromised owing to small sample sizes.Research limitations/implicationsStudying the effects of different forms of training in these studies is constrained because the very nature and design of scenistic training approaches limits the number of trainees that can be included in a group. In brief, this means that results of use of conventional statistical tools demonstrate less sensitivity to group‐to‐group differences in performance. It is much easier to demonstrate statistical significance if comparing large groups of 60 or more individuals, each. Regardless, comparisons of groups in the reported studies demonstrate significant differences in performance following training on most variables.Practical implicationsOverall, scenistic methods show much promise for use by training practitioners as the available empirical research, in the field, demonstrates their value.Originality/valueThe paper groups together the findings of use of a variety of scenistic methods of training. There has been practically no research reported in recent years of the efficacy of methods such as these that use cases, incidents, stories, etc. to ground training and practice.
Training evaluation: an analysis of the stakeholders' evaluation needs
Authors: Guerci Marco , Vinante Marco 
Published: May 2011

PurposeIn recent years, the literature on program evaluation has examined multi‐stakeholder evaluation, but training evaluation models and practices have not generally taken this problem into account. The aim of this paper is to fill this gap.Design/methodology/approachThis study identifies intersections between methodologies and approaches of participatory evaluation, and techniques and evaluation tools typically used for training. The study focuses on understanding the evaluation needs of the stakeholder groups typically involved in training programs. A training program financed by the European Social Fund in Italy is studied, using both qualitative and quantitative methodologies (in‐depth interviews and survey research).FindingsThe findings are as follows: first, identification of evaluation dimensions not taken into account in the return on investment training evaluation model of training evaluation, but which are important for satisfying stakeholders' evaluation needs; second, identification of convergences/divergences between stakeholder groups' evaluation needs; and third, identification of latent variables and convergences/divergences in the attribution of importance to them among stakeholders groups.Research limitations/implicationsThe main limitations of the research are the following: first, the analysis was based on a single training program; second, the study focused only on the pre‐conditions for designing a stakeholder‐based evaluation plan; and third, the analysis considered the attribution of importance by the stakeholders without considering the development of consistent and reliable indicators.Practical implicationsThese results suggest that different stakeholder groups have different evaluation needs and, in operational terms are aware of the convergence and divergence between those needs.Originality/valueThe results of the research are useful in identifying: first, the evaluation elements that all stakeholder groups consider important; second, evaluation elements considered important by one or more stakeholder groups, but not by all of them; and third, latent variables which orient stakeholders groups in training evaluation.
The origins of British cybernetics: the Ratio Club
Authors: Holland Owen , Husbands Phil 
Published: May 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe the origins, members, activities, and influence of the Ratio Club, a British cybernetic dining club that met between 1949 and 1958. Although its membership included some of the best known British cyberneticists, such as Grey Walter and Ross Ashby, along with pioneering scientists such as Alan Turing, the club is poorly documented, and its significance is difficult to establish from published sources.Design/methodology/approachThe approach involved the consultation and analysis of unpublished material in both private and public archives in the UK and the USA, coupled with interviews with surviving members, guests, and contemporaries.FindingsThe Ratio Club grew out of a distinctively British strand of cybernetic activity that was mainly fuelled by the deployment of biologists to engineering activities during the Second World War. It was also strongly influenced by the approach of the psychologist Kenneth Craik. Although members were keenly aware of contemporary American developments, such as Wiener's approach to the mathematics of control, and the psychological and sociological concerns of the Macy Conference, the emphasis of the club was on the application of cybernetic ideas and information theory to biology and the brain. In contrast to the wide influence the later Macy conferences exercised through their published transcripts, the Ratio Club influenced its core disciplines though its members, several of whom became prominent and effective advocates of the cybernetic approach.Originality/valueThis is the first journal paper to give an authoritative, detailed, and accurate account of the club's origins, activities, and importance.
Elementary sub‐atomic particles: the earliest adaptive systems
Authors: Blackwell Grahame 
Published: May 2011

PurposeThis paper considers a perspective on particulate matter as being formed from closed loops of waveform energy flow, consistent with observations by de Broglie, Schrödinger and others and supported by recent research findings. It demonstrates that all experimentally verified findings of special relativity may be derived directly from such a model. It further shows a clear form of auto‐adaptive behaviour exhibited by such structures.Design/methodology/approachA generalised closed‐loop energy flow model is analysed from first principles.FindingsMotion‐dependent time dilation, invariance of the measured speed of light, the Lorentz transformation, mass‐energy equivalence (E=mc2) and speed‐related increase in apparent mass all follow naturally from this structure. Given this view of matter objective invariance of the speed of light relative to all inertial states of motion is an unnecessary and insupportable assumption. A unique objective rest frame (subject to Hubble expansion of space) is identified. All elementary sub‐atomic particles owe their longevity to a non‐destructive state‐change response to energy input, referred to as “motion”. A radically new perspective on time is presented. A possible causal explanation for particle‐antiparticle asymmetry is identified.Research limitations/implicationsClosed timelike curves are not a possibility. Further implications for all fields of physics are very extensive.Practical implicationsThere is no conflict between superluminal technologies and causality. Over and above this, possible practical implications are too extensive to be enumerated.Originality/valueThe paper is totally original and of significant potential value in various respects.
Pansystems 0**‐logoi of philosophy, mathematics, technology, systems and society
Authors: Xuemou Wu 
Published: May 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to state new formulation of the programme‐styled framework of pansystems research and related expansions.Design/methodology/approachPansystems‐generalized extremum principle (0**: (dy/dx=0)**) is presented with recognitions to various logoi of philosophy, mathematics, technology, systems, cybernetics, informatics, relativity, biology, society, resource, communications and related topics: logic, history, humanities, aesthetics, journalism, IT, AI, TGBZ* <truth*goodness*beauty*Zen*>, etc. including recent rediscoveries of 50 or so pansystems logoi.FindingsA keynote of the paper is to develop the deep logoi of the analytic mathematics, analytic mechanics, variational principles, Hilbert's sixth/23rd problems, pan‐axiomatization to encyclopedic principles and various applications. The 0**‐universal connections embody the transfield internet‐styled academic tendency of pansystems exploration.Originality/valueThe paper includes topics: history megawave, pansystems sublation‐modes, pan‐metaphysics, pansystems dialogs with logoi of 100 thinkers or so, and pansystems‐sublation for a series of logoi concerning the substructure of encyclopedic dialogs such as systems, derivative, extremum, quantification, variational principle, equation, symmetry, OR, optimization, approximation, yinyang, combination, normality‐abnormality, framework, modeling, simulation, relativity, recognition, practice, methodology, mathematics, operations and transformations, quotientization, product, clustering, Banach completeness theorem, Weierstrass approximation theorem, Jackson approximation theorem, Taylor theorem, approximation transformation theorems due to Walsh‐Sewell mathematical school, Hilbert problems, Cauchy theorem, theorems of equation stability, function theory, logic, paradox, axiomatization, cybernetics, dialectics, multistep decision, computer, synergy, vitality and the basic logoi for history, ethics, economics, society OR, aesthetics, journalism, institution, resource and traffics, AI, IT, etc.
An enhanced fuzzy H∞ estimator applied to low‐cost attitude‐heading reference system
Authors: Keighobadi Jafar , Yazdanpanah Mohammad‐Javad , Kabganian Mansour 
Published: May 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to consider the process of design and implementation of an enhanced fuzzy H∞ (EFH∞) estimation algorithm to determine the attitude and heading angles of ground vehicles, which are frequently affected by considerable exogenous disturbances. To detect the changes of disturbances, a fuzzy system is designed based on expert knowledge and experiences of a navigation engineer. In the EFH∞ estimator, the intensity bounds of disturbances affecting the measurements are updated using a heuristic combination of three change‐detection indices. Performance of the proposed estimator is evaluated by Monte‐Carlo simulations and field tests of three kinds of vehicles using a manufactured attitude‐heading reference system (AHRS). In both simulations and real tests, the proposed estimator results in a superior performance compared to those of the recently developed and standard H∞ estimators.Design/methodology/approachDesign, implementation and real tests of the EFH∞ estimator are considered for an AHRS specialized for vehicular applications. In the AHRS, three‐axis accelerometers (TAA) and three‐axis magnetometers (TAM) may be affected by large disturbances due to non‐gravitational accelerations and local magnetic fields. Therefore, the design parameters of EFH∞ estimator including the theoretic bound of disturbance intensity and the attenuation level are adaptively tuned using a fuzzy combination of three change‐detection indices. Once a sensor is affected by an exogenous disturbance, the fuzzy system will increase the scale factor of the corresponding measurement disturbance to place more confidence on the data of the AHRS dynamics including measurements of gyros with respect to the data coming from the TAA and TAM.FindingsAn intelligent fault detector is proposed for considering changes of disturbances to adjust the upper bounds of the estimator's disturbances and the length of data to update the fuzzy system inputs. The EFH∞ estimator is suitable to attenuate the effects of disturbances changes on accurate estimation of the attitude and heading angles, intelligently.Originality/valueThe paper provides a fuzzy state estimator for adaptively adjusting the theoretic disturbance matrices according to the actual intensity of the disturbances affecting the AHRS dynamics and the measurement sensors.
Second thoughts on global warming
Authors: Andrew Alex M. 
Published: May 2011

PurposeThe widely accepted view that global warming is man‐made and largely due to carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has been disputed in a powerful and closely argued “critique” reviewed here, including some retraction by James Lovelock. Attention is drawn to a new online video on the life and contributions of the economist Adam Smith, and to development of the smallest‐ever diamond transistor. The death of the experimental psychologist Richard Gregory is reported.Design/methodology/approachThe aim is to review developments on the internet, especially those of general cybernetic interest.FindingsThe main finding is that currently accepted views of anthropomorphic global warming are subject to serious doubt.Practical implicationsIt seems likely that the “greenhouse” effect of carbon dioxide can be discounted, allowing major revisions of energy policy and increased exploitation of fossil fuel resources, though with attention also to renewable sources that will be needed when the fossil fuels run out. The diamond transistor will eventually allow increase in speed in digital devices.Originality/valueIt is hoped this is a valuable periodic review.
Country image, informational influence, collectivism/individualism, and brand loyalty: exploring the automobile purchase patterns of Chinese Americans
Authors: Wu Guohua 
Published: May 2011

PurposeThe intent of this article is to explore the automobile purchase patterns of Chinese Americans by examining factors driving an intriguing phenomenon – most Chinese Americans prefer Japanese or European brands of automobiles over US brands.Design/methodology/approachThis article uses data from a sample of 150 respondents using a mall‐intercept survey method. Regression, analysis of variance and Chi‐square analysis were employed. The factors examined include country image, informational influence, collectivism/individualism, and brand loyalty.FindingsThis study has four findings. In their automobile purchase decision making, Chinese Americans perceive the country image of Japan most favorably, that of US least favorably, and that of Europe in‐between. Country image is important, but it is less so than other extrinsic cues such as price, brand name and service, with reliability and safety being the most important intrinsic cues. Opinions of family and friends are important, second to prior knowledge and information from consumer reports. Chinese Americans' collectivism is positively related to their susceptibility to interpersonal informational influence, yet their individualism is not. Chinese Americans are not brand loyal.Practical implicationsThe article helps automobile marketers refine their marketing mix to attract Chinese American buyers. A reliable and safe automobile is the most important factor that affects their purchase decisions. Media advertising and salespeople have only marginal influence. Therefore the advice is to strengthen or improve interpersonal influence.Originality/valueNo prior research has examined the automobile purchase patterns of Chinese Americans, who, in 2006, constituted 1.2 percent of the US population, with appealing demographics to marketers.
Anxiety and search during food choice: the moderating role of attitude towards nutritional claims
Authors: Hansen Torben , Mukherjee Ashesh , Uth Thomsen Thyra 
Published: May 2011

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the effect of anxiety on information search during food choice and to test a key moderator of the effect of anxiety on search, namely attitude towards nutritional claims.Design/methodology/approachBy means of qualitative study the paper investigates the notion that consumers experience anxiety about health outcomes during food choice. Further, by means of structural equation modelling based on two studies with representative samples of Danish consumers, the paper investigates the effects outlined above.FindingsThe authors show that anxiety during food choice increases information search in four product categories – ready dinner meals, salad dressing, biscuits, and cakes. Further, the results show that the positive effect of anxiety on information search is stronger when consumers have a less favourable attitude towards nutritional claims on the product label.Practical implicationsThe results suggest that anxiety during food choice is desirable from the consumer welfare point of view since it leads to more informed consumers. The results also indicate that public policy makers should educate consumers to be critical about nutritional claims, since this would increase consumers' propensity to search for health information. In turn, from a managerial point of view this suggests that providers of healthy food should provide extended health information for consumers that are sceptical about nutritional claims since their scepticism towards this type of condensed information will in fact motivate extended information search.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to research in marketing on food choice and consumption: a consumption area that is important but difficult to navigate due to an increasing complexity of nutritional information at the point of sale. This paper demonstrates that situational, choice‐based anxiety and scepticism towards nutritional claims may actually be good things by prompting consumers to undertake search, and hence ultimately make more informed choices.
Purchase intention of Chinese consumers toward a US apparel brand: a test of a composite behavior intention model
Authors: Jin Byoungho , Hye Kang Ji 
Published: May 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to assist US apparel firms to successfully market in China. It aims to accurately predict Chinese consumers' purchase intentions toward a US brand. For this purpose, it proposes a composite model incorporating two behavioral intention models, Lee's model and decomposed Ajzen's model, and empirically tests the composite model.Design/methodology/approachA total of 747 consumer data were collected in three cities of China, Shanghai, Beijing, and Guangzhou, utilizing a series of mall intercept method at two levels of shopping malls in each city.FindingsAmong the proposed direct paths to purchase intention (PI), attitude toward the US brand apparel was the most important in explaining contemporary Chinese consumers' purchase intentions, followed by external perceived behavioral control (PBC) and subjective norm (SN). Two Confucian values, face saving and group conformity, did not directly affect PI at all, and face saving only influenced PI indirectly through the increase of attitude toward US brand apparel. Among external PBC (one's controllability toward a purchase) and internal PBC (one's self‐efficacy), only external PBC led to PI.Practical implicationsBy examining the two aspects of PBC, the study validated the importance of consumers' resource controllability (i.e. external PBC) in Chinese purchase behaviors in the midst of rapid socioeconomic changes. This approach advances previous studies that primarily viewed PBC as one dimension.Originality/valueThe paper is one of earliest endeavors to consider the decomposed PBC in a composite model. Also, the paper provides early proof that external PBC is more important than internal PBC in purchase contexts.