bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The met and unmet health care needs of adult survivors of childhood central nervous system tumors
Authors: Hovén Emma , Lannering Birgitta , Gustafsson Göran , Boman Krister K. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:The purpose of the current study was to examine the persistent health care needs (HCNs) of adult survivors of childhood central nervous system tumors.METHODS:In this population‐based study, 526 of 679 eligible survivors and 550 parents provided data. Survivors' HCNs were assessed using a questionnaire covering 4 domains: Medical Care, care coordination and communication (Care Coordination), Illness Education, and Psychosocial Services. Needs were categorized as no need, met need, and unmet need. Outcomes were analyzed specifically in relation to survivors' functional late effects as assessed using the Health Utilities Index Mark 2/3.RESULTS:Approximately 40% of survivors experienced their HCNs as exceeding the supposed general population average, and 41% had a current HCN that was unmet. The most common unmet need concerned the Psychosocial Services domain (reported by 40%), followed by a lack of Illness Education (35%), Care Coordination (22%), and Medical Care (15%). Survivors experiencing functional late effects had greater HCNs, and a greater percentage of unmet needs. Agreement between survivor‐reported and parent proxy‐reported HCNs was satisfactory, whereas agreement for survivors' unmet HCNs ranged from poor to satisfactory.CONCLUSIONS:Findings based on reliable double‐informant data demonstrated that a considerable percentage of adult survivors report unmet HCNs, with female sex, younger age at diagnosis, and indications of disability and poor health status comprising significant risk factors. Issues critical for improved, comprehensive, long‐term follow‐up care were identified. Addressing these issues adequately in clinical follow‐up extending into adulthood would likely improve the quality of comprehensive care for this patient group. Cancer 2011;. © 2011 American Cancer Society
Quantification of scene appearance—A valid design tool?
Authors: Hutchings John B. , Ou Li‐Chen , Ronnier Luo M. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractAwareness of the science of appearance could help the designer to create and construct a more effective space—whether that consists of interiors, packaging, cityscapes or a plate of food. This article examines the current status of appearance science having direct application to the work of the practical designer using a vocabulary common to both disciplines. The way has been paved by the work of Shigenobu Kobayashi, of the Nippon Color and Design Research Institute, Paul Green‐Armytage, a design teacher, and studies on food products and food consumption environments as well as on colour semantics studies of psychologists such as, for example, Lars Sivik and Charles Taft. The article is in two parts, appearance properties and expectations of the design and impact of the design. First, there is a brief account of the application of bipolar scales to quantify both the physical properties of the scene as well as our expectations of the scene and second, the quantification and understanding of scene impact. These techniques detail how individual elements of a designed space, such as materials, design and illumination contribute to specific desired aspects of the space. The robust model proposed provides a firm platform for active collaboration between designer and scientist in the production of comfortable and effective living and working spaces. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 2012
Excellent outcomes of renal transplantation in patients 70 years of age or older
Authors: Guarrera James V. , Samstein Benjamin , Aziz Fahad , Kelly Joan , Hardy Mark A. , Ratner Lloyd E. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe survival beneﬁt of renal transplantation is well established. As the average life expectancy increases, so too will the average age of renal transplant patients.METHODSWe reviewed our experience with renal transplantation in patients 70 years of age and older. Fifty patients aged 70 years and older were transplanted at our institution between 1997 and 2007. Demographics and outcomes were recorded retrospectively.RESULTSThe mean age of the cohort was 73.1 years (range, 70–80 years). Among the 50 transplanted allografts, 32 (64%) were from deceased donors, and 18 (36%) were from living donors. At last follow‐up, 45 (90%) patients were alive and 43 (86%) grafts were functioning. Median survival was 6.42 years. Five patients (10%) died, three from sepsis, one from cytomegalovirus infection, and one from myocardial infarction and stroke. There was no difference in the frequency of diabetes or hypertension compared with younger recipients in our institution during the same time period. Mean serum creatinine levels at 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, and 3 years of fol‐low‐up were, respectively, 1.8 ± 0.97 (n = 41), 1.8 ± 1.3 (n = 33), 1.5 ± 0.4 (n = 25), 1.6 ± 0.45 (n = 16), and 1.5 ± 0.37 (n = 6) mg/dL. There were no statistically signiﬁcant differences in acute cellular rejection between dif‐ferent induction regimens. There were two grafts lost to rejection and fewer infections in the interleukin‐2 receptor blocker group compared with the thymoglobulin group (p = NS).CONCLUSIONSRenal transplantation in patients 70 years of age and older is associated with excellent patient and graft survival, similar to rates in younger recipients. Advanced age should not be a contraindication to renal transplantation.
Amino acid removal in high‐flow and conventional continuous hemodiafiltration
Authors: Oishi Kazushige , Hagiwara Satoshi , Koga Satoko , Kawabe Satoshi , Uno Takahiro , Goto Koji , Noguchi Takayuki 
Published: March 2011

AbstractOBJECTIVEContinuous hemodiafiltration is frequently used in intensive care as renal replacement therapy for acute kidney damage. Recent studies have shown that increased flow rates can effectively increase survival. However, continuous hemodiafiltration also removes essential small molecules such as amino acids.METHODSWe compared amino acid loss between conventional (normal‐flow) and high‐flow continuous hemodia‐filtration in 17 patients admitted to the intensive care unit for conditions such as sepsis. Patients were randomly divided into a normal‐flow group (dialysate flow, 500 mL/min; filtrate flow, 300 mL/min; and blood flow, 80 mL/min) and a high‐flow group (dialysate flow, 1,500 mL/min; filtrate flow, 900 mL/min; blood flow, 100 mL/min). Blood samples were collected immediately prior to continuous hemodiafi initiation, and at 2 and 6 hours after con‐tinuous hemodiafiltration initiation. In addition, blood and filtrate were collected from the circuit in front of and behind the continuous hemodiafiltration dialyzer.RESULTSWe found that amino acid removal was significantly higher in the high‐flow group and that amino acids were removed into the filtrates in proportion to their plasma concentrations. Furthermore, plasma amino acid con‐centrations also tended to decrease with the length of time continuous hemodiafiltration was performed. Given that large amounts of amino acid are removed during continuous hemodiafiltration, plasma amino acid levels should be monitored when prolonged continuous hemodiafiltration is performed.CONCLUSIONSAmino acid loss is particularly high during high‐flow continuous hemodiafiltration, suggesting that it may be necessary to shorten the duration of high‐flow continuous hemodiafiltration or supplement patients with sufficient amounts of amino acids.
Efficient Synthetic Approaches To Access Ruthenium(II) Complexes with 2‐(Trimethylsilyl)ethyl‐ or Acetyl‐Protected Terpyridine–Thiols
Authors: Wen Hui‐Min , Zhang Dao‐Bin , Zhang Li‐Yi , Shi Lin‐Xi , Chen Zhong‐Ning 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA series of thiol‐functionalized terpyridines (tpy) with protective groups, such as acetyl (Ac), 2‐(trimethylsilyl)ethyl (TMSE), and tert‐butyl (tBu), and the corresponding ruthenium(II) complexes were synthesized in high yields. The TMSE‐protected thiol‐functionalized RuII(tpy) complexes can be readily converted into the corresponding ruthenium(II) complexes with an acetyl group by using AgClO4/acetyl chloride or TBAF/acetyl chloride. Based on this convenient synthetic approach under mild conditions, the ruthenium(II) complex [(AcSCH2C6H4tpy)(PPh3)2Ru(C≡CC6H4C≡CC6H5)](ClO4) {[12](ClO4)} with acetylthio–tpy was successfully obtained by a three‐step synthetic procedure. By utilizing 4′‐{4‐[(acetylsulfanyl)methyl]phenyl}‐2,2′:6′,2″‐terpyridine as a chelating ligand, a dinuclear dicyanamido‐linked ruthenium complex was prepared, characterized, and immobilized onto gold electrode surfaces to form self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs). The compounds were characterized by mass spectrometry, IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR or 31P NMR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. The solid‐state structure of complex [14](PF6)3 was determined by X‐ray crystallography, in which the intramolecular S⋅⋅⋅S distance was found to be 31.194(2) Å.
Inducible and reversible breaching of the blood brain barrier by RNAi
Authors: Rossi John J. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractSequence‐specific knockdown of gene expression is a goal that has been long sought by both basic and clinical investigators. In this regard, the discovery of RNA interference (RNAi) in Caenorhabditis elegans was immediately recognized as a potential breakthrough for studying gene function (Fire et al, 1998). These findings demonstrated that double‐stranded (ds)RNAs are triggers for sequence‐specific, post‐transcriptional gene silencing via targeted degradation of messenger RNAs harbouring a complementary sequence to one of the two strands. Initially, it was thought that such post‐transcriptional regulation of gene expression could not be achieved in mammalian systems due to the strong induction of interferon by dsRNAs. This potential restriction was short lived with the demonstration that endonuclease processed dsRNAs of 21–25 nucleotides in length, designated small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), were able to elicit sequence‐specific degradation of mRNAs in mammalian cells without triggering interferon responses (Elbashir et al, 2001). These findings provided a huge impetus to develop RNAi as a therapeutic modality. The dream to selectively block the expression of deleterious proteins and treat formerly non‐drugable diseases led to the rapid establishment of new biotech companies and branches of major pharmaceutical companies devoted to RNAi therapeutics.See related article in EMBO Mol Med (Campbell et al. (2011) EMBO Mol Med 3: 228–238)
The Role of Email Guidance in Internet‐Based Cognitive‐Behavioural Self‐Care Treatment for Bulimia Nervosa
Authors: Sánchez‐Ortiz Varinia C. , Munro Calum , Startup Helen , Treasure Janet , Schmidt Ulrike 
Published: March 2011

AbstractEmail has been progressively used as a means for providing therapeutic guidance and support for cognitive behavioural treatment (CBT) self‐care programmes. Many aspects of the use of email in self‐care need to be explored such as the content of therapists' emails. Such information would optimise the delivery of self‐care treatments. To date no study has looked at the content of the therapists' emails. We analysed the content of emails (n = 712) sent by therapists to participants (n = 71) of a randomised controlled trial (RCT) of internet‐based CBT with email support for bulimic disorders. 14.7% of the emails therapists sent contained at least one CBT comment, while 95.4% had at least one supportive comment and 13.6% had at least one technical comment. The mean time spent on providing email support to each participant across the complete programme was 45 minutes. Emails sent by therapists were mainly supportive in content, with only a small amount of time being required by therapists to provide email support. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Abschätzung der Standsicherheit von annähernd unendlich langen Kriechhängen
Authors: Fellin Wolfgang 
Published: March 2011

AbstractLangsam kriechende Hänge stellen eine eventuelle Bedrohung für darunter liegende Siedlungen und Infrastrukturen dar. Bereits in den 1930er Jahren wurde eine Lösung zur Ermittlung des Spannungszustands in einer kriechenden Schicht konstanter Dicke auf einer unendlich langen Böschung entwickelt, die als Grundlage für die Untersuchung von Kriechhängen dienen kann. In diesem Beitrag wird diese Lösung erweitert und gemeinsam mit dem Grenzzustand nach Matsuoka‐Nakai verwendet, um die Sicherheit von Kriechhängen abschätzen zu können, die annähernd als unendliche Böschung modellierbar sind.Estimation of the stability of approximately infinite creeping slopes. Slowly creeping slopes are a potential threat to downhill settlements and infrastructure. The stress state in a creeping layer with constant thickness on an infinite slope can be calculated using a solution from the thirties of the past century. This solution is extended and combined with the Matsuoka‐Nakai limit state criterion. The safety of an approximately infinite creeping slope can be estimated with the presented approach.
Antitumor effect of sunitinib against skeletal metastatic renal cell carcinoma through inhibition of osteoclast function
Authors: Maita Shinya , Yuasa Takeshi , Tsuchiya Norihiko , Mitobe Yoko , Narita Shintaro , Horikawa Yohei , Hatake Kiyohiko , Fukui Iwao , Kimura Shinya , Maekawa Taira , Habuchi Tomonori 
Published: March 2011

AbstractWe investigated the inhibitory effect of sunitinib, a newly approved multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor, against the progression of renal cell cancer (RCC) bone metastases in vivo. In vitro cell proliferation was determined using the MTS assay. To investigate the inhibitory effects of sunitinib in vivo, we established luciferase‐labeled ACHNLuc cells derived from papillary RCC. Mice in which ACHNLuc cells had been transplanted into the left ventricle to establish bone metastases were treated orally with 40 mg/kg/day sunitinib or vehicle control for 3 weeks. Growth of the cancer cells was monitored using an in vivo imaging system. In addition, 16 patients with metastatic RCC were treated with sunitinib, and serum and urine levels of amino‐terminal telopeptide (NTx) were measured as markers of bone resorption. Sunitinib did not inhibit the growth of RCC cells in vitro at clinically or experimentally achievable serum levels (100 nM–1 μM). To investigate the inhibitory effect of sunitinib in vivo, we established luciferase‐labeled human RCC cells (ACHNLuc). Sunitinib prevented the growth of ACHNLuc RCC cells in the bone metastatic mouse model. The number of osteoclasts in sunitinib‐treated mice was significantly less than that in control mice. Serum and urine levels of NTx in patients with metastatic RCC declined significantly during the first 4 weeks of sunitinib treatment (p = 0.027). Sunitinib is a potent anticancer agent for RCC bone metastases, at least for papillary RCC.
HtrA1 sensitizes ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin‐induced cytotoxicity by targeting XIAP for degradation
Authors: He Xiaoping , Khurana Ashwani , Maguire Jacie L , Chien Jeremy , Shridhar Viji 
Published: March 2011

AbstractHtrA1, a member of serine protease family, has been previously found to be involved in resistance to chemotherapy in ovarian cancer although the underlying mechanism is not clear. Using mixture‐based oriented peptide library approach, previously we identified X‐linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis proteins family, as a potential substrate of HtrA1. The aim of our work is to investigate the link between HtrA1 and XIAP proteins and their relationships with chemoresistance in ovarian cancer. Our results showed that recombinant XIAP was degraded by purified wild‐type HtrA1 but not mutant HtrA1 in vitro. Consistent with the in vitro data, coimmunoprecipitation assays showed that HtrA1 and XIAP formed a protein complex in vivo. Ectopic expression of HtrA1 led to decreased level of XIAP in OV167 and OV202 ovarian cancer cells, while knockdown of HtrA1 resulted in increased level of XIAP in SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells. Furthermore, overexpression of HtrA1 in OV202 cells promoted cell sensitivity to cisplatin‐induced apoptosis that could be reversed by increased expression of XIAP. The cleavage of XIAP induced by HtrA1 was enhanced by cisplatin treatment. Taken together, our experiments have identified XIAP as a novel substrate of HtrA1 and the degradation of XIAP by HtrA1 contributes to cell response to chemotherapy, suggesting that restoring the expression of HtrA1 may be a promising treatment strategy for ovarian cancer.
The significance of reflective supervision for infant mental health work
Authors: O'Rourke Patricia 
Published: March 2011

AbstractParent–infant work is inherently relational and occurs in the intersubjective space between parent, infant, and worker. This space can be charged with primitive, unmet needs of both parent and infant, and this in turn can trigger these same states in the worker. The challenge for workers is to remain open to being affected by and responsive to these feeling states when their own early and possibly preconscious responses and coping strategies are being stirred. If these remain out of awareness, they can manifest as avoidance and denial, and this can be reflected in the system and result in limited service delivery. This article emphasizes the significance of reflective supervision for parent–infant work and suggests that it needs to be an integral part of the system of service delivery. I am grateful to the infant mental health workers who allowed me to use examples of their work in this article, and thank Dr Jon Jureidini for his encouragement and support.
Characteristics of environments, caregivers, and children in three Central American orphanages
Authors: Groark Christina J. , McCall Robert B. , Fish Larry ,   THE WHOLE CHILD INTERNATIONAL EVALUATION TEAM
Published: March 2011

AbstractThis study provides descriptive empirical information on the environments, organizational structure, caregivers, caregiver–child interactions, and children's general behavioral development and problem behaviors from three institutions for young children in Central America. While the institutions were clean, they were physically sparse and had Infant–Toddler Environmental Rating Scale (ITERS; T. Harms, D. Cryer, & R. Clifford, 2006) and Early Childhood Environmental Rating Scale (ECERS; T. Harms, R. Clifford, & D. Cryer, 2005) scores that averaged 1.62 (7 = highest). Caregivers provided routine caregiving with limited emotion, responsiveness, support, empathy, or guidance. Caregivers tended to work long hours and then were off 2 to 3 days, and children periodically graduated to new wards, so there was little stability of caregivers in children's lives. Children's average Battelle Developmental Inventory Total Developmental Quotient = 58 to 63, which would be considered mildly–moderately retarded in noninstitutional U.S. populations; no child scored >90, 80% scored <70, and nearly half scored <60. Children displayed high frequencies of indiscriminate friendliness, noncompliance, and provocative and aggressive/violent behaviors. These data and that of a few other studies represent the only comprehensive, empirical description of institutions for young children, which constitutes the independent variable (institutionalization) for a burgeoning literature on postinstitutional adopted children. Results are consistent with the hypothesis that a lack of warm, sensitive, contingently responsive interactions with relatively few consistently available caregivers may be a major contributor to delayed contemporary development and persistent deficits and problems observed in some postinstitutional adopted children and adolescents.
This is my baby: Foster parents' feelings of commitment and displays of delight
Authors: Bernard Kristin , Dozier Mary 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThis study examined the association between foster parents' commitment to their young foster children and the delight they showed in their interactions with children. Seventy foster parent–child dyads were included as participants. The dyads were videotaped during a play interaction when children were between 9 and 28 months, with delight coded on the basis of foster parents' responses to children. Caregivers were interviewed with the “This Is My Baby” Interview (B. Bates & M. Dozier, 1998), with commitment coded as the extent to which parents expressed interest in enduring relationships with their foster children and the extent to which they thought of them as their own. Regression analyses revealed that commitment was a significant predictor of foster parent delight. Foster parents who were more highly committed to their foster children showed greater delight in their children than did foster parents who were less highly committed. These results suggest an important way in which caregiver commitment is transmitted to foster children.
An evaluation of BMP‐2 delivery from scaffolds with miniaturized dental implants in a novel rat mandible model
Authors: Wen Bo , Karl Matthias , Pendrys David , Shafer David , Freilich Martin , Kuhn Liisa 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe purpose of this study was three‐fold: (a) to develop a new small animal model to evaluate dental implant systems that recapitulates aspects of the challenging intraoral environment, (b) screen several scaffolds for in vivo bone forming efficacy when used to deliver non‐glycosylated bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (BMP‐2) together with a miniaturized titanium (Ti) dental implant, and (c) identify correlations between in vitro BMP‐2 release rates and in vivo results. The scaffolds tested were: (1) collagen‐hydroxyapatite composite (Col/HA), (2) polyethylene glycol hydrogel (PEG‐hydrogel), and (3) Col/HA infused with PEG‐hydrogel (Col/HA/PEG‐hydrogel). BMP‐2 delivery directly from the Ti implants rather than from the scaffolds was also tested. MicroCT analyses at 4 weeks showed that the maximum volume and height of new bone occurred when BMP‐2 (10 μg) was delivered from the Col/HA/PEG‐hydrogel scaffolds. BMP‐2 delivery from the Ti implant was not as effective as from the scaffolds. While in vitro BMP‐2 release was highest for the PEG‐hydrogel, the scaffold most successful in vivo was the Col/HA/PEG‐hydrogel scaffold because it had the necessary mechanical strength to perform well in the mandibular bone environment. The in vitro release studies suggested a threshold dose of 5 μg which was borne out by the in vivo dose response studies. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2011.