bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (cVEMPs) in patients with superior canal dehiscence syndrome (SCDS)
Authors: Roditi Rachel E. , Eppsteiner Robert W. , Sauter Todd B. , Lee Daniel J. 
Published: June 2009

ObjectiveTo determine the usefulness of both amplitude and threshold data from tone‐burst cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) testing for the evaluation of superior canal dehiscence syndrome (SCDS).Study DesignCase series with chart review.Subjects and MethodsSixty‐seven patients underwent cVEMP testing. We correlated mean tone burst cVEMP amplitude and threshold data with temporal bone CT findings. Patients were excluded for Ménière's disease, middle ear disease, or otologic surgery.ResultsSuperior canal dehiscence patients had higher mean cVEMP amplitudes (SCDS 173.8 μV vs non‐SCDS 69.7 μV, P = 0.031) and lower mean thresholds (SCDS 72.8 dB nHL vs non‐SCDS 80.9 dB nHL) at 500 Hz.ConclusionPatients with SCDS have larger amplitudes and lower thresholds on cVEMP testing at 500 Hz. This study supports the utility of tone burst cVEMPs for the evaluation of SCDS and is one of few large single‐center studies to establish normative data.
Diagnosis and treatment of deep neck space abscesses
Authors: Daramola Opeyemi O. , Flanagan Carrie E. , Maisel Robert H. , Odland Rick M. 
Published: June 2009

ObjectiveTo review our experience with deep neck abscesses and identify unique trends in our patient population.Study DesignCase series with chart review.Subjects and MethodsEvaluation of patients with deep neck space abscesses between 2001 and 2006. Peritonsillar abscess, superficial craniocervical infection, and salivary gland infections were excluded from selection of study population. A total of 106 cases were reviewed.ResultsDental infections were the most common cause of deep neck abscesses (49.1%). Comorbidities included substance abuse (53.7%), psychiatric illness (10.4%), hypertension (9.4%), head and neck cancer (6.6%), and diabetes mellitus (5.7%). All patients received systemic antibiotics, eight patients required tracheotomy, 85 patients underwent surgical drainage in the operating room, and 11 had bedside drainage. Median and lower quartile of time in hospital was 2 and 3 days, respectively, whereas upper quartile was 4 days (range, 1 to 27 days). Patients with comorbidities or concurrent illness tended to stay longer (P < 0.05, Mann‐Whitney test). There were six complications and no mortality.ConclusionSubstance abuse and poor orodental hygiene are important predisposing factors to deep neck abscesses. Appropriate management continues to favor a combination of early surgical drainage and systemic antibiotics.
Surgical treatment of dysthyroid orbitopathy
Authors: Chu Eugene A. , Miller Neil R. , Grant Michael P. , Merbs Shannath , Tufano Ralph P. , Lane Andrew P. 
Published: June 2009

ObjectivesOrbital decompression for dysthyroid orbitopathy may be performed by open or transnasal endoscopic approaches; however, criteria for the selection of the appropriate surgical technique have not been well‐defined. Our goal was to compare the surgical outcomes of orbital decompression techniques employed by the otolaryngology and ophthalmology services at a single institution, so as to clarify the indications and develop a rationale for optimal management.Study DesignCase series with chart review.SettingTertiary care academic medical center.Subjects and MethodsOrbital decompressions on 112 orbits of 69 patients from 2001 to 2008 at a tertiary care academic medical center.ResultsThe majority (83%) of orbital decompressions were performed primarily for proptosis, whereas the remainder was indicated for dysthyroid optic neuropathy. Maximum reduction of proptosis was achieved with an endoscopic medial and inferior orbital wall decompression combined with a lateral orbitotomy with fat removal. The average reduction in proptosis was 7.4 mm ± 2.3 mm (primary surgery for proptosis). The endoscopic approach alone provided the least average proptosis reduction but was highly successful in the treatment of dysthyroid optic neuropathy.ConclusionsA three‐wall decompression using a combined endoscopic and external approach provides the greatest amount of decompression. The endoscopic approach as a single modality is best suited for patients with mild proptosis and for patients with dysthyroid optic neuropathy. Cooperation between otolaryngology and ophthalmology achieves the best care for patients with thyroid eye disease who require surgical treatment.
Revision endoscopic orbital decompression in the management of Graves' orbitopathy
Authors: Leung Man‐Kit , Platt Michael P. , Metson Ralph 
Published: June 2009

ObjectiveEndoscopic orbital decompression has proved to be an effective treatment for Graves' orbitopathy. In select patients, however, persistent or recurrent orbital symptoms necessitate additional therapy. The objective of this study is to determine the safety and effectiveness of revision endoscopic orbital decompression in patients with refractory Graves' orbitopathy.Study DesignCase‐control series.SettingAcademic medical center.MethodsThe study population consisted of 10 patients with Graves' orbitopathy who underwent 13 revision endoscopic orbital decompressions (three bilateral cases) between 1991 and 2008. Outcome measures, including reduction in proptosis, improvement in visual acuity, and complication rates, were compared with a control cohort of 10 consecutive patients (16 orbits) who underwent primary endoscopic decompression during the same time period.ResultsIndications for revision decompression included exposure keratopathy (n = 8, 62%), optic neuropathy (n = 3, 23%), and gaze restriction (n = 2, 15%). There were no intraoperative complications. Mean reduction in proptosis was 1.4 mm less for patients who underwent revision decompression compared with primary cases (mean decompression 3.6 ± 1.0 mm vs 5.0 ± 2.1 mm, respectively), although this difference was not statistically significant (P= 0.13). Visual acuity improved in 62 percent of revision cases, compared with 20 percent of primary cases (P= 0.09). Rates for postoperative complications, which included sinusitis and frontal mucocele formation, were also similar between revision and primary decompression groups (38% vs 13% respectively,P= 0.17).ConclusionsThis report is the first to describe the endoscopic technique for revision orbital decompression. It appears to be a safe and effective procedure for the treatment of refractory orbitopathy in patients with Graves' disease.
Differences in individual NYSE specialists' performances and strategies
Authors: Köksal Bülent 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThis paper shows that there exist differences in the performances of individual NYSE specialists in terms of the execution costs and participation strategies to the posted quotes and trades. We find that quoted and effective spreads, quoted depth, and number of trades that receive price improvement differ significantly across individual specialists. The explanatory power of the model as measured by adjusted R2 increases when we include the individual specialist dummies. Evidence suggests that some of the differences across specialist firms documented in the previous literature are due to the differences in individual specialists. We find that, as the trading frequency increases, order processing costs increase for the portfolios of the individual specialists which implies that specialists use profits from active stocks to subsidize inactive stocks in their portfolios. Using 2001 NYSE System Order Data in the decimal pricing environment, we also show that individual NYSE specialists differ significantly in their participation strategies to the posted quotes and trades. This suggests that there are significant differences in execution costs between specialists because they use different quoting and trading strategies.
Congress and Foreign Policy: Congressional Action on the Darfur Genocide
Authors: Uscinski Joseph , Rocca Michael S. , Sanchez Gabriel R. , Brenden Marina 
Published: June 2009

ABSTRACTAs of January 2008, more than 400,000 people have been killed and more than 2.5 million people have been displaced in the regions of Darfur and Chad. This event has not gone unnoticed in the United States, as the 109th United States Congress (2005–2006) considered several measures in the House of Representatives to provide funding and peacekeeping forces to quell the violence in Darfur. The goal of this article is to explain individual members' of Congress (MCs') support for Darfur legislation by examining the influence of their individual, district, and institutional characteristics. The Darfur case provides the opportunity to analyze factors critical to congressional behavior in a context where there is reason to expect an MC's usual set of incentives—e.g., reelection and adherence to party—to be less prominent. In all, we contribute to congressional and foreign policy research by parceling out the determinants of congressional support for foreign policy in comparison to domestic policy.
Polarized Agents: Campaign Contributions by Lobbyists
Authors: Koger Gregory , Victor Jennifer Nicoll 
Published: June 2009

ABSTRACTAre professional lobbyists loyal partisans? There are thousands of professional lobbyists in Washington, D.C., who work with members of Congress and their staffs, many of whom also make contributions to congressional candidates and political parties. Although many lobbyists have backgrounds in partisan politics, they may have incentives to give money to candidates from both parties. This article finds that professional lobbyists tend to make personal contributions to their preferred party exclusively.
Globalizing Higher Education: Designing the International Leadership Academy at the University of Utah
Authors: Lehman Howard P. 
Published: June 2009

ABSTRACTNearly all campuses are determining ways by which they could internationalize the curriculum to connect their campus with the world. While study abroad programs are quite common, a less used mechanism that makes this important connection is a global leadership program. At the University of Utah, one innovative program is the International Leadership Academy, which integrates globalization into a class that provides students with conceptual skills as they enter a global market. This article discusses the design and implementation of a program that connects globalization and leadership. The ILA not only prepares students to make use of the many international opportunities in Utah, but exposes them to competing theories and explanations of international leadership.
Biostratigraphy of the Ruteh Formation at Harijan section (Central Alborz) northern Iran using foraminifera and conodont
Authors: Hamdi Bahaoddin , Sadeghi Abbas , Kohansa Ebrahim , Shafiee Ardestani Meysam , Balmak Behnaz 
Published: June 2009

AbstractIn order to study the fossil contents of the Ruteh Formation for biostratigraphical purposes, the 200 meters thick section was sampled at Harijan section, Central Alborz. The sequence is mainly made up of limestone and shale's. The lower contact of the formation with Dorud Formation is disconform while the upper contact with under learing Dorud Formation is disconformable with overling Nesen Formation is as well as disconformable. Fifty four species belonging to 27 genera (foraminifera and conodonts) were identified and three biozones were differentiated. These are formation: 1- Schubertella giraudi- Codonofusiella distincta Assemblage Zone, 2- Cribrigenerina sumatruna- Langella ocarina Assemblage Zone, 3- Sweetognathus whitei Biozone. Based on, these an age of Yackhtaschian - Murghabian is quoted to the formation.
Recent Science from Australian Large-Scale Millimetre Mapping Projects: Proceedings from a Swinburne University Workshop
Authors: Bains I. , Breen S. L. , Burton M. G. , Cunningham M. R. , Jones P. A. , Kawamura A. , Lo N. , Rowell G. P. , Walsh A. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractSince the recent upgrades to the Australia Telescope National Facility (ATNF) Mopra telescope back-end and receiver system, it has risen from an under-subscribed facility to a sought-after instrument with heavy international competition to gain time. Furthermore, the introduction of the on-the-fly mapping capability in 2004 has made this technique one of Mopra's most popular observing modes. In addition, the recent upgrade of the NANTEN millimetre-wavelength telescope to the sub-millimetre NANTEN2 instrument, has provided a complementary, higher-frequency facility to Mopra. A two-day workshop was held at Swinburne University in June 2008 to disseminate the current state of ongoing large-scale mapping projects and associated spin-offs that the telescopes' upgrades have facilitated, and to decide upon future research directions. Here, we provide a summary of the result-oriented talks as a record of the state of Australian-access single-dish millimetre science in 2008.
Velocity-Curve Analysis of the Spectroscopic Binary Stars V373 Cas, V2388 Oph, V401 Cyg, GM Dra, V523 Cas, AB And and HD 141929 by Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Karami K. , Ghaderi K. , Mohebi R. , Sadeghi R. , Soltanzadeh M. M. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractWe used an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to derive the orbital parameters of spectroscopic binary stars. Using measured radial velocity data of seven double-lined spectroscopic binary systems V373 Cas, V2388 Oph, V401 Cyg, GM Dra, V523 Cas, AB And and HD 141929, we found corresponding orbital and spectroscopic elements. Our numerical results are in good agreement with those obtained by others using more traditional methods.
Hematological indices at birth in relation to arterial and venous Doppler in small‐for‐gestational‐age fetuses
Authors: MARTINELLI SILVIO , FRANCISCO ROSSANA PULCINELLI VIEIRA , BITTAR ROBERTO EDUARDO , ZUGAIB MARCELO 
Published: June 2009

AbstractObjective. To correlate Doppler results with hematological indices at birth in small‐for‐gestational‐age (SGA) fetuses. Design. Prospective study. Setting. Tertiary teaching hospital, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Population. One hundred singleton pregnancies with SGA fetuses of >27 weeks gestational age. Methods. All women had Doppler velocimetry of the umbilical arteries, middle cerebral artery, and ductus venosus within <72 hours prior to delivery. After birth, umbilical artery blood was collected for hematological analysis. Main outcome measures. The association between fetal Doppler velocimetry pulsatility index (PI) and some hematological indices. Results. Umbilical artery PI showed a positive correlation with nucleated red blood cell count in the umbilical cord (r = 0.46; p<0.01), and a negative correlation with platelet count (r= − 0.53; p<0.01) and white blood cell count (r= − 0.42; p<0.01). Middle cerebral artery PI was positively correlated with platelet count (r = 0.43; p<0.01) and white blood cell count (r = 0.38; p<0.01), and was negatively correlated with nucleated red blood cell count (r= − 0.39; p<0.01). The ductus venosus pulsatility index showed a positive correlation with nucleated red blood cell count (r = 0.36; p<0.01), and a negative correlation with platelet count (r= − 0.37; p<0.01) and white blood cell count (r= − 0.26; p<0.01). Conclusion. A significant positive or negative correlation between nucleated red blood cell, platelet and white blood cell counts, and Doppler indices suggests an association between placental insufficiency and the fetal hematological response.
Use of criterion‐based clinical audit to improve the quality of obstetric care: A systematic review
Authors: KONGNYUY EUGENE JUSTINE , UTHMAN OLALEKAN ABULRAHMAN 
Published: June 2009

AbstractAlthough there is evidence that audit and feedback can improve health outcomes, little is known about the effect of audit on the quality of care from client's perspective. The aim of the current review was to explore the use of criterion‐based audit to improve quality of obstetric care from both the midwives/doctors’ and women/mothers’ perspectives. Electronic searches of Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, and EMBASE were conducted. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and before‐and‐after studies that assessed the effect of criterion‐based audit on health outcomes or women/mothers’ perception of obstetric care were set as selection criteria. Data were extracted, analyzed using Revman 4.2 software, and results expressed as weighted mean differences for continuous data, and odds ratios for dichotomous data. Nineteen studies (one RCT and 18 before‐and‐after studies) involving 32,972 participants met our inclusion criteria. None of these studies assessed the effect of audit on quality from the women/mothers’ perspective and none of the studies compared the effectiveness of different types of feedback. Ninety‐five percentage (18/19) of studies showed significant improvement in at least one standard measured. Criterion‐based audit has been used in obstetrics to improve quality from one dimension, namely the midwives/doctors’ perspective. Midwives/doctors should consider the use of audit to improve quality of care from the mothers’ view. There is need for well‐designed RCTs to assess the effectiveness of different types of feedback in criterion‐based audit.
The Compleat Teacher-Scholar: An Interview with Stephen F. Davis
Authors: Buskist William 
Published: June 2009

Stephen F. Davis is Emeritus Professor of Psychology at Emporia State University. He served as the 2002–2003 Knapp Distinguished Professor of Arts and Sciences at the University of San Diego. Currently, he is Distinguished Guest Professor at Morningside College and Visiting Distinguished Professor of Psychology at Texas Wesleyan University. Since 1966, he has published more than 300 articles and 28 textbooks, and has presented more than 900 professional papers; the vast majority of these publications and presentations include student coauthors. He has served as president of the Society for the Teaching of Psychology (STP; Division 2 of the American Psychological Association [APA]), Southern Society for Philosophy and Psychology, Southwestern Psychological Association, and Psi Chi. In addition, he received the first Psi Chi Florence L. Denmark Faculty Advisor Award. He is a fellow of APA Divisions 1 (General), 2 (STP), 3 (Experimental), and 6 (Behavioral Neuroscience and Comparative Psychology), and a recipient in 1988 of the American Psychological Foundation's (APF) Distinguished Teaching of Psychology Award. William Buskist is Distinguished Professor in the Teaching of Psychology at Auburn University and a faculty fellow at Auburn's Biggio Center for the Enhancement of Teaching and Learning. From 2005 to 2007, he served as section editor for The Generalist's Corner section of Teaching of Psychology. He is also a member of the National Institute on the Teaching of Psychology (NITOP) planning committee. Together with Steve Davis, he has edited 2 volumes on the teaching of psychology: The Teaching of Psychology: Essays in Honor of Wilbert J. McKeachie and Charles L. Brewer (Davis & Buskist, 2002) and Handbook of the Teaching of Psychology (Buskist & Davis, 2005); and together with Barry Perlman and Lee McCann, he has edited Voices of Experience: Memorable Talks From the National Institute on the Teaching of Psychology (Perlman, McCann, & Buskist, 2005). He has also coedited several electronic books for STP. He is a fellow of APA Divisions 1 (General Psychology) and 2 (STP) and served as president of STP in 2007.
Fractures of self-expanding metallic stents in periampullary malignant biliary obstruction
Authors: Rasmussen I. C. , Dahlstrand U. , Sandblom G. , Eriksson L. G. , Nyman R. 
Published: June 2009

Background: Self-expanding metallic stents are widely used for relieving biliary duct obstruction in patients with unresectable periampullary malignancies. However, only a few studies have assessed the occurrence of fractures in these stents. Purpose: To determine the prevalence and significance of stent fracture after placement of self-expanding metallic stents for periampullary malignant biliary obstruction. Material and Methods: Over a 5-year period, 48 patients underwent placement of self-expanding metallic stents for periampullary malignant biliary obstructions. Stents were introduced 2–6 weeks after a percutaneous transhepatic biliary decompression. The medical records and relevant images were reviewed for stent patency, stent fracture, type of stent, and stent-related complications. Results: Stent fracture was detected in four of the 48 patients (8%): in one patient at 1 month and in three patients between 10 and 21 months after stenting. All four fractures involved one type of nitinol stent used in 38 patients. In one of the patients, fracture was complicated by life-threatening gastrointestinal bleeding. The mean survival time for all patients was 251 days (standard deviation [SD]±275 days) and the mean overall patency time for all stents was 187 days (SD±205 days). Conclusion: Stent fracture occurs after placement of self-expanding nitinol stents for periampullary malignant biliary obstruction. The low reported incidence of this complication may be due to a lack of awareness of and difficulty in detecting stent fracture. Fracture should be considered as a possible contributing factor in recurrent biliary obstruction after self-expanding metallic stent insertion.
Does theoretical background influence therapists' attitudes to therapist self‐disclosure? A qualitative study
Authors: Carew Lynda 
Published: June 2009

AbstractAims: This study investigated therapists' attitudes towards therapist self‐disclosure over different theoretical orientations and to establish how classical theoretical background and training effected and informed practice. Classical theoretical background was intended to refer to traditional Psychodynamic understanding. Method: Participants were experienced therapists drawn from four groups by a recruitment screening measure. Three groups were from the students’ cohort within a university Masters programme in Psychological Therapies. Participants were practicing from CBT, Systemic and Psychodynamic orientations. A further group was drawn from Person‐Centred therapist/trainers at a further education College. Data was gathered using focus groups and analysed using thematic analysis. Findings: Three major and one lesser theme emerged. These revealed that there was a spectrum of willingness to disclose throughout all groups, classical training influenced all participants; total restriction of TSD was impracticable and attitudes were affected by concerns for the therapeutic relationship. Implications for practice: TSD needs to be more thoroughly explored within therapy training and supervision. A structured framework could help inform practice. Conclusions: The study supported the idea that Classical Training influenced TSD.