bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of theta and gamma oscillations in item memory, source memory, and memory confidence
Authors: Wynn Syanah C. , Townsend Christopher D. , Nyhus Erika 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTheta and gamma oscillations have been linked to episodic memory processes in various studies. Both oscillations seem to be vital for processes guided by the medial temporal lobe, such as the retrieval of information from memory. While theta oscillations increase with successful memory, it is unclear what the unique contribution of theta is to various subcomponents of memory. On the other hand, memory‐related gamma oscillations have been mainly reported in the hippocampus, leaving the role of neocortical gamma in memory underexplored. In this study, we investigated how unique variability in memory accuracy and memory confidence contributes to fluctuations in theta and gamma power. To this end, we recorded EEG from 54 participants while they performed a source memory task. From this task we obtained their item memory accuracy, source memory accuracy, item memory confidence, and source memory confidence. These behavioral measures were put in a trial‐by‐trial linear mixed effects model to uncover their unique contribution to the oscillatory power in frontal and parietal regions. Our results are in line with the involvement of theta oscillations in both memory accuracy and confidence, but seem to indicate a main role for theta oscillations in memory‐related confidence. In addition, we found that gamma oscillations play various roles in memory processing, dependent on brain region.
Research bibliography for Philippine English (2008–2023)
Authors: Bolton Kingsley , Cruz Priscilla Angela T. , Martin Isabel Pefianco 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe research bibliography presented here is intended to complement the earlier research bibliographies from Bautista on Philippine English (Bautista, 2004; Bautista & Bolton, 2008a). It includes 11 sections dealing with book‐length studies of Philippine English, as well as book chapters and journal articles on such topics as code‐switching, code‐mixing and linguistic hybridization; critical linguistics; discourse analysis; language attitudes and intelligibility; sociolinguistic description; language policies; multilingualism and multilingual education; Philippine literature in English; Philippine English features; and summative perspectives. While the bibliography is essentially contemporary in orientation, this article also emphasizes the foundational contributions of earlier scholars in the field.
Performance Analysis of a New Cascade Waste Heat Recovery System With a Wider Range of Applications
Authors: Sun Dahan , Wang Cong , Liu Zekuan , Qin Jiang , Liu Zhongyan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This paper proposes a new cascade waste heat recovery system with low power consumption and the ability to recover waste heat in a wider temperature range, namely, the absorption–compression coupled heat pump system. Simulations were conducted to reveal the effects of generator inlet and outlet water temperatures, supply hot water inlet and outlet water temperatures, and intermediate temperature on system performance. The results demonstrate that the coefficient of performance and exergy efficiency of the new system increase with an increase in generator outlet water temperature. The coefficient of performance and exergy efficiency of the new system decrease with an increase in supply heating water outlet water temperature. The coefficient of performance of the new system decreases with an increase in supply heating water inlet water temperature, while the exergy efficiency increases with an increase in supply heating water inlet water temperature. As the intermediate temperature increases, the coefficient of performance of the new system shows an increasing trend, and the exergy efficiency shows a decreasing trend. In addition, compared to the single-effect absorption heat pump system, the new system can recover heat at lower heat source temperatures, and compared to the compression heat pump system, it can reduce electricity consumption.
Diagnostic accuracy of a sequence-specificMtb-DNA hybridization assay in urine: a case-control study including subclinical TB cases
Authors: Tschan Yves , Sasamalo Mohamed , Hiza Hellen , Fellay Jacques , Gagneux Sébastien , Reither Klaus , Hella Jerry , Portevin Damien 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTTuberculosis (TB) caused byMycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb) remains one of the deadliest infectious diseases globally. Timely diagnosis is a key step in the management of TB patients and in the prevention of further transmission events. Current diagnostic tools are limited in these regards. There is an urgent need for new accurate non-sputum-based diagnostic tools for the detection of symptomatic as well as subclinical TB. In this study, we recruited 52 symptomatic TB patients (sputum Xpert MTB/RIF positive) and 58 household contacts to assess the accuracy of a sequence-specific hybridization assay that detects the presence ofMtbcell-free DNA in urine. Using sputum Xpert MTB/RIF as a reference test, the magnetic bead-capture assay could discriminate active TB from healthy household contacts with an overall sensitivity of 72.1% [confidence interval (CI) 0.59–0.86] and specificity of 95.5% (CI 0.90–1.02) with a positive predictive value of 93.9% and negative predictive value of 78.2%. The detection ofMtb-specific DNA in urine suggested four asymptomatic TB infection cases that were confirmed in all instances either by concomitant Xpert MTB/RIF sputum testing or by follow-up investigation raising the specificity of the index test to 100%. We conclude that sequence-specific hybridization assays on urine specimens hold promise as non-invasive tests for the detection of subclinical TB.IMPORTANCEThere is an urgent need for a non-sputum-based diagnostic tool allowing sensitive and specific detection of all forms of tuberculosis (TB) infections. In that context, we performed a case-control study to assess the accuracy of a molecular detection method enabling the identification of cell-free DNA fromMycobacterium tuberculosisthat is shed in the urine of tuberculosis patients. We present accuracy data that would fulfill the target product profile for a non-sputum test. In addition, recent epidemiological data suggested that up to 50% of individuals secreting live bacilli do not present with symptoms at the time of screening. We report, here, that the investigated index test could also detect instances of asymptomatic TB infections among household contacts.
Temporal dynamics of fecal microbiota community succession in broiler chickens, calves, and piglets under aerobic exposure
Authors: Oladele Paul , Ngo Jennifer , Chang Tiffany , Johnson Timothy A. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Researchers have extensively studied the effect of oxygen on the growth and survival of bacteria. However, the impact of oxygen on bacterial community structure, particularly its ability to select for taxa within the context of a complex microbial community, is still unclear. In a 21-day microcosm experiment, we investigated the effect of aerobic exposure on the fecal community structure and succession pattern in broiler, calf, and piglet feces (
n
= 10 for each feces type). Bacterial diversity decreased and community structure changed rapidly in the broiler microbiome (
P
< 0.001), while the fecal community of calves and piglets, which have higher initial diversity, was stable after initial exposure but decreased in diversity after 3 days (
P
< 0.001). The response to aerobic exposure was host animal specific, but in all three animals, the change in community structure was driven by a decrease in anaerobic species, primarily belonging to Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes (except in broilers where Bacteroidetes increased), along with an increase in aerobic species belonging to Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. Using random forest regression, we identified microbial features that predict aerobic exposure. In all three animals, host-beneficial
Prevotella
-related ASVs decreased after exposure, while ASVs belonging to
Acinetobacter
,
Corynbacterium,
and
Tissierella
were increased. The decrease of
Prevotella
was rapid in broilers but delayed in calves and piglets. Knowing when these pathobionts increase in abundance after aerobic exposure could inform farm sanitation practices and could be important in designing animal experiments that modulate the microbiome.

IMPORTANCE
The fecal microbial community is contained within a dynamic ecosystem of interacting microbes that varies in biotic and abiotic components across different animal species. Although oxygen affects bacterial growth, its specific impact on the structure of complex communities, such as those found in feces, and how these effects vary between different animal species are poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrate that the effect of aerobic exposure on the fecal microbiota was host-animal-specific, primarily driven by a decrease in Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, but accompanied by an increase in Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and other pathobionts. Interestingly, we observed that more complex communities from pig and cattle exhibited initial resilience, while a less diverse community from broilers displayed a rapid response to aerobic exposure. Our findings offer insights that can inform farm sanitation practices, as well as experimental design, sample collection, and processing protocols for microbiome studies across various animal species.
Unveiling potential therapeutic targets for diabetes-induced frozen shoulder through Mendelian randomization analysis of the human plasma proteome
Authors: Chen Kun , Tian Tian , Gao Peng , Fang Xiaoxiang , Jiang Wang , Li Zongchao , Tang Kexing , Ouyang Pan , Li Liangjun 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionThis study aimed to assess the causal relationship between diabetes and frozen shoulder by investigating the target proteins associated with diabetes and frozen shoulder in the human plasma proteome through Mendelian randomization (MR) and to reveal the corresponding pathological mechanisms.Research design and methodsWe employed the MR approach for the purposes of establishing: (1) the causal link between diabetes and frozen shoulder; (2) the plasma causal proteins associated with frozen shoulder; (3) the plasma target proteins associated with diabetes; and (4) the causal relationship between diabetes target proteins and frozen shoulder causal proteins. The MR results were validated and consolidated through colocalization analysis and protein–protein interaction network.ResultsOur MR analysis demonstrated a significant causal relationship between diabetes and frozen shoulder. We found that the plasma levels of four proteins were correlated with frozen shoulder at the Bonferroni significance level (p<3.03E-5). According to colocalization analysis, parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHLH) was moderately correlated with the genetic variance of frozen shoulder (posterior probability=0.68), while secreted frizzled-related protein 4 was highly correlated with the genetic variance of frozen shoulder (posterior probability=0.97). Additionally, nine plasma proteins were activated during diabetes-associated pathologies. Subsequent MR analysis of nine diabetic target proteins with four frozen shoulder causal proteins indicated that insulin receptor subunit alpha, interleukin-6 receptor subunit alpha, interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein, glutathione peroxidase 7, and PTHLH might contribute to the onset and progression of frozen shoulder induced by diabetes.ConclusionsOur study identified a causal relationship between diabetes and frozen shoulder, highlighting the pathological pathways through which diabetes influences frozen shoulder.
Effects of prednisolone tapering on effectiveness of infliximab in patients with ulcerative colitis: data from a retrospective cohort
Authors: Ovesen Pernille Dige , Attauabi Mohamed , Ilvemark Johan F K F , Wewer Mads Damsgaard , Warren David J , Burisch Johan , Klaasen Rolf A , Bolstad Nils , Steenholdt Casper , Seidelin Jakob Benedict 
Published: May 2024

Background and objectiveThe influence of concomitant prednisolone on clinical outcomes and safety in infliximab-treated ulcerative colitis (UC) patients is unknown.Design, setting, participants and outcome measuresA retrospective cohort study was performed, including 147 UC patients treated with infliximab at a tertiary inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) centre. Primary outcome was corticosteroid-free clinical remission (CFCR) at week 14 and week 52. Patients were grouped according to prednisolone tapering regimens: standard (≤5 mg/week), fast (>5 mg/week), direct discontinuation or no prednisolone. Patients intolerant to corticosteroids and patients stopping corticosteroids in preparation for surgery including colectomy during their initial admission were excluded.ResultsThere was no overall association between prednisolone exposure or no exposure and CFCR at weeks 14 or 52 of infliximab. The proportion of patients with C reactive protein ≤5 mg/L was higher in the standard tapering at week 14 as compared with faster regimens or no prednisolone. In subgroup analyses, the standard tapering was associated with a higher rate of CFCR at week 14 compared with the fast-tapering regimen in patients receiving ≥40 mg prednisolone at initiation of infliximab (64.3% vs 26.3%, p=0.04) and among patients admitted with acute severe UC (66.6% vs 23.5%, p<0.05). Similar data were seen at week 52. Prednisolone did not affect infliximab trough levels but increased infection rates (10/77 vs 2/70, p=0.03), in particularC. difficileinfection.ConclusionIn UC patients with limited disease burden, prednisolone did not affect effectiveness of infliximab. However, patients with increased disease burden seem to benefit from corticosteroid combination therapy.
A rapid review of the evidence on models of service delivery for correctional centre-based mothers and children’s units: does our approach need to change?
Authors: Taylor Jo , Majeed Tazeen , Remond Marc , Bagade Tanmay , Edwards Layla , Austin Kelly , Smith Emma , Howard Mark , Sullivan Elizabeth 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundIncarcerated mothers are a marginalised group who experience substantial health and social disadvantage and routinely face disruption of family relationships, including loss of custody of their children. To support the parenting role, mothers and children’s units (M&Cs) operate in 97 jurisdictions internationally with approximately 19 000 children reported to be residing with their mothers in custody-based settings.AimThis rapid review aims to describe the existing evidence regarding the models of service delivery for, and key components of, custodial M&Cs.MethodA systematic search was conducted of four electronic databases to identify peer-reviewed literature published from 2010 onwards that reported quantitative and qualitative primary studies focused on custody-based M&Cs. Extracted data included unit components, admission and eligibility criteria, evaluations and recommendations.ResultsOf 3075 records identified, 35 met inclusion criteria. M&Cs accommodation was purpose-built, incorporated elements of domestic life and offered a family-like environment. Specific workforce training in caring for children and M&Cs evaluations were largely absent. Our systematic synthesis generated a list of key components for M&C design and service delivery. These components include timely and transparent access to information and knowledge for women, evaluation of the impact of the prison environment on M&C, and organisational opportunities and limitations.ConclusionThe next generation of M&Cs requires evidence-based key components that are implemented systematically and is evaluated. To achieve this, the use of codesign is a proven method for developing tailored programmes. Such units must offer a net benefit to both mothers and their children.
Comparative efficacy and acceptability of different exercise patterns for reducing cardiovascular events in pre-diabetes: protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Zhong Yumei , Lan Meijuan , Chen Haotian , Chen Yuanyuan , Zhang Yuping 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionExercise has been used to reverse dysglycaemic states in patients with pre-diabetes. Systematic reviews show that exercise is an effective way to reduce the incidence of diabetes, but there is conflicting evidence for reducing the occurrence of cardiovascular events. Therefore, we present a systematic review and network meta-analysis protocol designed to compare the effectiveness of different forms of exercise in reducing cardiovascular events and their tolerability in different populations.Methods and analysisWe will include all randomised controlled trials and compare one exercise intervention to another. We will compare the following exercise patterns: standard endurance training, strength training, high-intensity interval training, mind-body exercise, and mixed strength and aerobic training. The primary outcomes are the occurrence of major cardiovascular events and the rate of patient attrition during the intervention. We will search major English and Chinese databases as well as trial registry websites for published and unpublished studies. All reference selection and data extraction will be conducted by at least two independent reviewers. We will conduct a random effects model to combine effect sizes and use the surface under the cumulative ranking curve and the mean ranks to rank the effectiveness of interventions. All data will be fitted at WinBUGS in a Bayesian framework and correlation graphs will be plotted using StataSE 14. We will also use the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework to evaluate the quality of evidence for the study results.Ethics and disseminationThis study does not involve a population-based intervention, and therefore, does not require ethical approval. We will publish the findings of this systematic review in a peer-reviewed scientific journal, and the dataset will be made available free of charge. The completed review will be disseminated electronically in print and on social media, where appropriate.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42023422737.
Development of family resource indicators for people with schizophrenic disorder in community by modified Delphi method in Beijing, China
Authors: Wang Meirong , Jin Guanghui , Li Ting , Pan Zhaolu , Lu Xiaoqin , Wang Xiaojuan 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionMost people with schizophrenia in China are supported by their family members in community. The patient’s family is confronted with severe care burden and pressure, which directly affects the caregiver’s own health and social life, and indirectly affects the patient’s rehabilitation. Adequate family resources can reduce the burden and pressure on families. But there is an absence of systematic family resource indicators for people with schizophrenic disorder in China.ObjectivesThis study aimed to develop a set of family resource indicators for people with schizophrenic disorder in China.DesignPreliminary family resource indicators were generated and refined by literature review and an expert consultation meeting. Two rounds of email-based Delphi survey were carried out to identify family resource indicators.SettingTwo rounds of email-based Delphi survey were performed from July to September 2021 in Beijing, China.ParticipantsThere were 15 mental health doctors from community health service centres and four psychiatrists from tertiary hospitals, and two primary care researchers from universities in the first and second rounds Delphi survey.ResultsAll the 21 experts participated in both rounds of Delphi survey. A total of 46 indicators achieved consensus for inclusion in the final set of indicators after two rounds of Delphi survey. The final set of indicators was grouped into 10 domains: financial support (three indicators), psychological and spiritual support (eight indicators), medical treatment (three indicators), information and education (three indicators), structural support (two indicators), external family resources included social resources (five indicators), cultural resources (two indicators), economic resources (seven indicators), environmental resources (four indicators) and medical resources (nine indicators).ConclusionsA set of 46 family resource indicators for people with schizophrenic disorder in community was identified by an iterative Delphi process in Beijing, China. However, the indicators still need to be validated by testing in further studies.
Real experience of caregivers of patients with HIV/AIDS from the perspective of iceberg theory: a qualitative research
Authors: Tang Jie , Ren Jingxia , Wang Huiqun , Shi Min , Jia Xiaofeng , Zhang Liman 
Published: May 2024

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the caregiving behaviours and supportive needs of caregivers of patients with HIV/AIDS and provide a basis for healthcare institutions to carry out caregiver interventions.DesignA purposive sampling method was used to select 11 caregivers of patients with HIV/AIDS in the Infectious Disease Department of a tertiary hospital in Nanjing, China, to conduct semistructured interviews. Colaizzi analysis was used to collate and analyse the interview data.SettingAll interviews were conducted at a tertiary hospital specialising in infectious diseases in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province.ParticipantsWe purposively sampled 11 caregivers of people with HIV/AIDS, including nine women and two men.ResultsAnalysing the results from the perspective of iceberg theory, three thematic layers were identified: behavioural, value and belief. The behavioural layer includes a lack of awareness of the disease, physical and mental coping disorders, and an increased sense of stigma; the values layer includes a heightened sense of responsibility, the constraints of traditional gender norms, the influence of strong family values and the oppression of public opinion and morality and the belief layer includes the faith of standing together through storms and stress.ConclusionHealthcare professionals should value the experiences of caregivers of patients with HIV/AIDS and provide professional support to improve their quality of life.