bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disasters and Other Traumas
Authors: Gurwitch Robin H. , Brymer Melissa J. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
When disasters, public health emergencies like the recent pandemic, or mass violence events happen, parents’ first thoughts are about the safety and well-being of their children. Understanding common reactions that children may have after these events and factors that can impact well-being are the beginning steps in supporting positive healing. Psychological first aid (PFA) is the next action that parents can take. PFA consists of eight core action steps, which include emotional support, information and education, encouraging the practice of positive coping, and recognizing when one needs more help and getting this extra help. To best respond to the overall needs of their children, parents not only need to provide PFA, they need to attend to their own self-care. A new framework for self-care, PRN (pause, reset, and nourish), can help. Implemented together (e.g., understanding reactions, providing PFA, and practicing self-care), parents can significantly increase the whole family’s abilities to heal and to recover after traumatic events.
Learning Differences
Authors: Ofonedu Mirian E. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Children with disabilities or neurodivergent conditions, such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Tourette’s syndrome, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), dyslexia or learning disability, or intellectual and/or developmental disabilities (I/DD), bring unique qualities, challenges, and strengths to the world, and their parents play an important role in how well they do in school and in the community. For parents, helping their child navigate their neurotypically structured world at school and in the community can be challenging. This chapter offers tips that can help parents better create a path that supports and allows their child to pursue the possible and to reach their full potential.
Difficult Student-Teacher Relationships
Authors: Moorehead-Slaughter Olivia 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Arguably, one of the most important factors in setting the tone for a child’s school year is the student-teacher relationship. Teachers and students are human beings, with the full range of temperaments, communication and interaction styles, and experiences and expectations from previous years. When the match works well, the child and the teacher move into and through the school year fairly seamlessly, with minor concerns being navigated with little distress. When there is a “mismatch,” parents may find themselves in a much murkier zone as they seek to better understand their child’s distress and how to best support them during what can feel like a very long school year. This chapter offers guidance for parents who wish to keep perspective about this difficult year and gain insight about the growth opportunities for their child for the future.
Identity Development
Authors: Laser Julie Anne 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Youth are on a monumental journey to create their own authentic identity. They are leaving childhood and deciding what they would like to bring with them to adulthood. This process takes time and great contemplation; thus, it is often not linear or easy. An authentic identity includes grappling with options for the future and committing to a path. It also integrates education, vocation, meaningfulness, sexual identity, gender identity, racial and cultural identity.
Feel and Think like an Adolescent
Authors: Peterson Emma L. , Rindlaub Laura A. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Adolescence brings many exciting changes. Yet it can also be challenging to understand and respond to teens’ new behaviors, emotions, and ideas. This chapter explores common behaviors that are observed in adolescents and highlights how some of the most recent research on adolescent brain development helps to explain them. The authors also share evidence-based strategies that parents and caregivers can use to maximally support this period of growth for their teenagers.
Body Image and Physical Appearance
Authors: Mackey Eleanor R. , Basch Molly C. , Exum Alexis 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A potentially challenging area of development for parents is supporting their children through concerns about physical appearance and body image. Children and teens face pressures from society and their family’s own cultural standards of beauty, which can affect their self-esteem and health. Parents can best help their children by reflecting on their own standards of beauty and body image, providing a healthful environment that supports physical health and self-esteem, and communicating openly with their children about these challenges.
After Graduation—What’s Next?
Authors: Ciciolla Lucia , Mazur Anna 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Young adults may struggle with the transition from childhood to adulthood. Some young adults remain dependent on their parents for longer, and struggle with developing independent life skills and leaving their parental home. Different strategies and adjusting the parent-child relationship may be helpful in promoting the independence of young adults. Effective promotion of successful independence starts from modeling and promoting life skills and may involve more meaningful communication and realigning the parent-child relationship.
Attention Problems
Authors: Fredrick Joseph W. , Becker Stephen P. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter will help parents understand attention and concentration problems in children and adolescents. This will include coverage of deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The nature of attention and concentration in children are explained along with a range of problems that can affect children’s ability to focus. Parents will also learn strategies to help children who may have other problems paying attention. Many different steps parents can take are detailed, along with a discussion regarding the use of medication. Suggestions to help children with attentional issues in the classroom are also discussed.
Jam Session
Authors: Gazit Ofer 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The second chapter, “Jam Session,” describes the role of jam sessions in the incorporation of migrant musicians into the New York scene. It focuses on a Monday-night jam session at the Haitian-owned bar Vodou, located in the Bedford-Stuyvesant neighborhood of Brooklyn. It describes the historical role of jam sessions as places of border crossing between White Americans and Black Americans, and how musical proficiency was crucial in this process. Viewed from a contemporary perspective, the chapter describes how various social boundaries operate within the jam session, how they are policed, and how they are ultimately crossed. It concludes with a discussion of the extent and limits to which musical proficiency or “chops” allow musicians to cross social boundaries in the New York scene.
The Scene
Authors: Gazit Ofer 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter connects the notion of an “migrant jazz scene” to the lived time cycles of migrant jazz musicians. Framed around recurring monthly performances, weekly jam sessions, daily house sessions, and hours of individual practice, it focuses on the network of musicians associated with Terraza 7, a “jazz and immigrant folk” venue located in Jackson Heights, Queens. Through these cycles, it explores the bar owner’s utopian vision of diversifying his clientele by programming artists who combine jazz with other musical traditions. Based on an analysis of performances and interviews with musicians, patrons, and the bar owner, Freddy Castiblanco, it examines the relationship between jazz as a cyclical improvisatory practice and the social cycles that constitute Terraza 7 as a migrant jazz scene.
Conclusion
Authors: Gazit Ofer 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The conclusion ties together the three main themes of the book: the meaning of jazz to migrant musicians, the place of migrants within the New York scene, and the ways these two inform musical practices, attitudes, and ways of listening in contemporary jazz. It begins by considering the optimism brought forth by the institutional recognition that migrant jazz musicians have received over the past decade and the disillusionment caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. It moves on the consider the role of movement in creating a sense of belonging among migrant musicians, and how new spaces are constituted through this physical, social, and musical movement. It concludes by showing how the study of migrant jazz musicians in New York can offer new insights into migrant music performance and reception through the notions of musical borders and ethnic listening.
Introduction
Authors: Bardon Adrian 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
It’s not so easy to specify just what you are asking when you are asking, “What is time?” In ordinary discourse, we employ temporal terms like “past,” “present,” and “future” without thinking much about what they mean. In describing the natural world, scientists tend to presume an understanding of temporal concepts like duration, succession, or the earlier-later relation. To formulate sensible questions about time we need to look at the temporal concepts we take for granted in both colloquial and scientific discourse. This book concerns the philosophy of time. One might well wonder how a philosophical approach to time is different from a scientific, psychological, sociological, literary, or other approach to the subject. Answering this question requires that we briefly examine what philosophy is.
Does Time Pass?
Authors: Bardon Adrian 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Classically, the definitive property of time is that it passes, or flows. Alternatively, if we are uncomfortable with talking about time as though it is a thing with properties of its own, we may still want to think in terms of events in time as becoming, proceeding, or passing away. Either way, there is a sense of passage, be it the passage of time or the passage of events. Passage is intimately bound up with the notion of a real past, present, and future, since the passage of time is the change that occurs as events go from being future to being present to being past. Is this essential characteristic of time, or events in time, real?
The Persistent Projection of Passage
Authors: Bardon Adrian 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Despite it all, many would continue to insist that there just must be something to the idea of the passage of time. The sense of an inexorable movement of and through time seems like an obvious and ineliminable aspect of our lived experience. It’s not enough just to point out deficiencies in the dynamic theory of time. The static theorist needs to explain how and why just about all of us have been getting it so wrong. It is still possible to find a few scholars who claim to know that time really flows by virtue of a direct experience of that flow. Well, if there were such an experience, this would constitute direct empirical evidence for the passage of time. But do we really sense the passage of time?
The Direction of Time
Authors: Bardon Adrian 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
If the dynamic theory of time is wrong, then the future isn’t coming, the present isn’t passing, and the past hasn’t passed. But then why does it seem that time has a direction—that there is a difference between earlier (backward in time) and later (forward in time)? Could the difference between earlier and later also be just a subjective matter? The static theory agrees with the dynamic theory in treating time as a real dimension with a fixed direction: Some events are really earlier than others, some concurrent, and some later. But in a static block universe, what does it mean to say that time has a direction? Does the direction of time emerge from something more fundamental? Could the direction of time, like the passage of time, be just another product of psychological projection?
Epilogue
Authors: Bardon Adrian 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The conclusions we have reached about time do not mean we should (or even can) abandon our ordinary ways of thinking about time, given that our experience of time is inherent to perceptual and emotional awareness. Still, one shouldn’t go quite so far as to conclude that our ongoing inquiry into the nature of time is totally off-track. The scientific study of nature truly improves our grasp of time, even if it doesn’t decide the issue as to whether we are supposed to take the present seriously. Further, where you have a scientific research program, as we do in the case of the scientific investigation of spacetime, perception, and human psychology, there is need for philosophical reflection on their motivation, meaning, and results.
Introduction
Authors: Jack Max 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Rapidly proliferating across football stadia throughout Europe in the early 2000s, ultra has developed into a transnational subculture and a social movement built around the fans’ stylistic coordination of crowd action—that which is intended as a form of support for their respective teams on the field. Exploring ultras’ all-encompassing lifestyles dedicated to cultivating heightened sensory environments, atmosphere is conceptualized in the text as an affective terrain of socialization and public address that serves as a collective process of imagining and implementing social alternatives to the isolating effects of neoliberal capitalism. The chapter charts the myriad conflicting strategies of various state apparatuses that aim to mold ultra subjectivity and affect in public space, forming a mutually constitutive interrelationship between hardcore fans and the state that radicalizes and isolates them further.
Salvaging Fandom
Authors: Jack Max 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Through an exploration of the fan scene at EHC Dynamo, this chapter examines the ultra group Black Corner and their strategic response to the commercialization of professional hockey in Germany as the team administration, its investors, and the league looked for new ways to transform the sport into a leisure event designed to maximize profit. In direct opposition to the ways in which identity is increasingly commodified, sold, and consumed, ultra is an attempt at separating fandom from consumption by re-defining subjectivity through a radical dedication to “participatory performance” in the stadium. The ultras’ coordination of crowd action and cultivation of atmosphere attempted to enact an idealized vision that the fan scene is the hockey club despite what they also knew—EHC Dynamo Berlin is a for-profit company owned by Anschutz Entertainment Group.
Becoming Ultra
Authors: Jack Max 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Shifting attention to Dublin, Ireland, this chapter contextualizes the development of ultra fandom at Shamrock Rovers as a response to the ways that the globalization of capital has made social and economic precarity a consistent feature of professional football. In Dublin, this precarity was instigated by the club’s previous owner, Louis Kilcoyne, who sold the team’s stadium at Milltown to housing developers. After that, the club was constantly on the financial brink, which correlated with poor performances on the pitch and constant fears over the club’s potential insolvency. This ongoing experience became a defining source of trauma that was woven into the historical narrative of the club and passed down to the younger generation of fans. In 2002, a newly formed group calling themselves the SRFC Ultras dramatically boosted the atmosphere at the depths of the club’s financial and emotional despair, shifting the mood at the club.
Alienation and Dissent
Authors: Jack Max 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Through an examination of ultras’ disruptive claims to public space, Chapter 4 outlines the response of Irish ultras to capitalist strategies of global marketing that have popularized televised football from the United Kingdom in the Republic of Ireland. The globalization of the most competitive football leagues around the world in Ireland has atrophied spectatorship and fandom in local contexts such as the League of Ireland (LOI), making live football a niche practice and an ideal site for alternative forms of cultural production. This perceived marginality, however, has also radicalized the subjectivities of football fans that continue to hold onto traditional ideologies of support (i.e., attending all matches/that the fans are the club). At Shamrock Rovers, support in the stadium in the ultra style became its own method of asserting the tangibility of local community and real Irishness amid the broad cultural changes oriented toward the consumption of televised football.
Affective Governance
Authors: Jack Max 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In response to the ultras’ inflammatory activities in and around the stadium space, this chapter explores the ways in which numerous governing bodies influenced the social life of the hardcore fans at FC Union Berlin. The management of the ultras’ affective labor reflects complicated, overlapping, and sometimes contradictory strategies of governance that aim to establish security, predictability, social accessibility, and customer compliance—all essential components of the modern sporting event. By investigating the variety of strategies taken by various governing bodies, this chapter challenges the notion that the management of the ultras’ activities is solely motivated by public safety or the prevention of violence but rather is intended to produce scenarios that the state is already equipped to manage. In so doing, affective governance produces The Deviant in the public imaginary and further radicalizes the ideologies and worldviews of the ultras in the process.
Until the Last Breath
Authors: Jack Max 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Ultra aims to subvert and protest the commercializing logics that structure professional sport with the full awareness that there is no possibility of a return to any kind of “traditional” spectating experience that emphasizes local community cohesion. Alienated from the commercial prerogatives of professional sport, ultras’ cultivation of atmosphere lies at the heart of their friction with sports’ governing bodies, the media, and the state. While the crowd is often perceived as regressive and even fascistic from a liberal perspective, this conclusion makes the case that ultras attempt to adjudicate difference and harbor democratic ideals of collective determination through an affective politic of sociality in the stadium. Crowd action can thusly serve as a completely different method in which to enact democratic principles—rife with new social possibilities, conflicts, and discrepant power dynamics.
Ὁὑμέτεροςσυνθεράπων
Authors: Smolin Nathan Israel 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In Chapter 1, Constantine’s association with Christianity is analyzed in rational terms, as a response to the crisis of legitimacy in the Late Roman Empire and his own status as a usurper. Constantine’s relationship with Christian bishops, it is argued, should be seen as a collaboration between two formerly adversarial groups based on mutual benefits to both. Crucial to this relationship was the development of an Imperial-episcopal judicial system (section 1.3) aimed at punishing heterodox and immoral bishops and so aiding the stability of Church and Empire. This system was developed in an ad hoc, unplanned manner through Constantine’s personal interventions and interactions with bishops, and was radically transformed by his increasing assertion of a personal divine mandate and charismatic ability to discern guilt and innocence. These claims, it is argued, can be understood only in theological terms.
Τῆςβασιλείαςἡσυμφωνία
Authors: Smolin Nathan Israel 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Chapter 3 argues that the reign of Constantine’s successor Constantius II is best understood in light of his attempts to continue Constantine’s political theology and system of legitimacy. Section 3.1 discusses Constantius’ reception in contemporary and later sources, and its distorting impact on his place in history. Section 3.2 argues that Constantine’s late theological-political system directly caused the succession crisis leading to the “massacre of the princes”; section 3.3 explores Constantius’ alliance with Eusebian clerics in the East as an attempt to cement continuity with his father and so legitimate his position. Finally, the complex, violent relationship among the three sons of Constantine, which closely parallels the period’s theological and episcopal conflicts, is explored in section 3.4. Through political and ecclesiastical means, Constantius asserted a clear chain of command grounded in the imitation of God and Constantine and therefore his own primacy within the new Imperial college. Constantine’s brothers, meanwhile, sought to advance their own positions by sponsoring more egalitarian theologies and using dissident bishops as tools to legitimize civil war.
ὉαἰωνίοςΣεβαστός
Authors: Smolin Nathan Israel 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Chapter 4 continues the narrative of Constantius’ reign following his brothers’ deaths. In section 4.1, the religiously charged campaign against the usurper Magnentius is explored. Section 4.2 discusses the person and theology of Athanasius of Alexandria, targeted with increasing directness by Constantius after this campaign. Section 4.3 narrates the forceful efforts of the new sole Augustus to purge religious dissent in both East and West and the theological justifications for this campaign. Section 4.4 discusses the increasing array of theological factions during this period and Constantius’ innovative efforts to respond to them. This led, it is argued in section 4.5, to the unprecedented attempt, at and after the Councils of Ariminum and Seleucia, to overrule large majorities of bishops and impose permanent theological unity from above. These efforts were met by overwhelming episcopal opposition and were brought to a sudden close by the usurpation of Julian and Constantius’ death.
Introduction
Authors: Toal Gerard 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This introductory chapter explores the concept of geopolitics, which is correlated with the clash between Earth system dynamics and the world power structures that humans have built into and upon the planet. It starts with the threat posed by the island-building of China in the South China Sea. The island-building raises several questions concerning territorial formation and modernity. According to strategists, China’s practices in the South China Sea are a challenge to US dominance in the Pacific and, more generally, to the rules of a liberal international order. The chapter mentions how the hasty land construction resulted in destroyed fragile coral ecosystems, increasing storm intensity, and rising ocean temperatures, sea levels, and acidity levels.
Grounding Geopolitics
Authors: Toal Gerard 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter provides an overview of the life and work of Halford Mackinder. It argues that geopolitics began as an imperial way of thinking that was geo-ecologically conscious. It was grounded in accounts of how environmental endowments and factors shaped international politics, which was conceived as a “struggle for existence” among great powers. Mackinder believed that the British Empire needed to efficiently arrange the spaces it controlled worldwide to maintain its rank as a world power. This involved them growing food for Britain. Britain also needed to keep a racial hierarchy that had white people at the top. Mackinder believed that a whole superstructure of state strength, missionary ideals, and technological innovation rests on geo-ecological foundations. The chapter argues Mackinder’s flawed ideas reveal the racial and geo-ecological foundations of geopolitics.