bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mapping the Brazilian Scientific Diaspora: Migration Patterns of PhDs in Global Mobility
Authors: McManus Concepta , Neto Brenno A. D. , Neves Abilio Afonso Baeta , Schleicher Rafael Tavares , Figueiredo Claudia 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA scientific diaspora refers to a community of scientists who have emigrated from their home country to work in another nation. This study investigates this phenome in depth the Brazilian context, examining who comprises this diaspora (doctorates, postdocs, lecturers), where they have migrated, and their areas of study. We conducted this examination based on publications by Brazilian doctors who graduated between 2005 and 2021, as well as post-doctorates and students with full doctorate scholarships abroad. These students were identified on the CAPES open data website. The publications of these authors were captured in Scopus and Web of Science. Then those with addresses abroad were analysed in Vosviewer® and using logistic regression (stayed abroad or not), area of knowledge and a decision tree to see the effect of the Brazilian university region, type of institution and scholarship on the decision to migrate. The level of diaspora is approximately 1.7% among all doctorates trained in Brazil, reaching 6.6% in postdoctoral scholars with experience abroad. This suggests that PhDs with advanced training and experience have a higher propensity to emigrate from Brazil. These PhDs predominantly choose to migrate to North America and Western Europe, with a strong preference for careers in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) fields. Brazilian PhDs with international experience tend to have a more diverse migration pattern, while those who complete their PhD in Brazil show a distinct preference for migrating to Portugal, indicating differing global mobility based on scientific experience. A decision tree analysis reveals that life or exact sciences PhDs, those who graduated after 2012, and obtained their postgraduate degrees from institutions in the southeast or south of Brazil are more likely to migrate. While the reasons behind these migration patterns are not evaluated in this study, better job prospects, higher salaries, or more substantial research funding could be influential factors in the decision to migrate.
Many-body theory calculations of positron binding to halogenated hydrocarbons
Authors: Cassidy J. P. , Hofierka J. , Cunningham B. , Rawlins C. M. , Patterson C. H. , Green D. G. 
Published: April 2024

Positron binding energies in halogenated hydrocarbons are calculated using many-body theory. For chlorinated molecules, including planars for which the interaction is highly anisotropic, very good to excellent agreement with experiment and recent density-functional-theory-based model-potential calculations is found. Predictions for fluorinated and brominated molecules are presented. The comparative effect of fluorination, chlorination, and bromination is elucidated by identifying trends within molecular families including dihaloethylenes and halomethanes based on global molecular properties (dipole moment, polarizability, ionization energy). It is shown that relative to brominated and chlorinated molecules, fluorinated molecules generate a less attractive positron-molecule potential due to larger ionization energies and smaller density of molecular orbitals close to the highest occupied molecular orbital, resulting in very weak, or in most cases loss of, positron binding. Overall, however, it is shown that the global molecular properties are not universal predictors of binding energies, exemplified by consideration of CH3Cl vs -C2H2F2: Despite the latter having a larger dipole moment, lower ionization energy, and similar polarizability, its binding energy is significantly smaller (25 vs 3 meV, respectively), owing to the important contribution of multiple molecular orbitals to, and the anisotropy of, the positron-molecule correlation potential.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
High repetition rate coherent terahertz synchrotron radiation via self-amplified energy modulation
Authors: Xu Xiazhen , Zhang Haoran , Guo Zixin , Li Jingya , Zhang Jinming , He Zhigang , He Duohui 
Published: April 2024

Coherent terahertz (THz) radiation sources based on a storage ring hold a significant future for generating high average power terahertz radiation, as the electron beam possesses a high revolution frequency. We propose a novel scheme to generate a high repetition rate coherent THz radiation leveraging the energy modulation self-amplification technology. In this scheme, utilizing the interaction of external intensity-modulated laser pulses with the electron beam can lead to a customized manipulation of the electron beam, such as a periodic longitudinal density modulation with a submillimeter scale for coherent THz radiation. Positively, it can propel the repetition rate when the peak power requirement of an external laser system is decreased. Thus, we employ a self-modulation method to enhance the initial weak energy modulation induced by the laser directly. In the meanwhile, the use of self-modulation can bypass the limitation that the bandwidth of a long modulator should be smaller than that of the external wideband laser source, which is necessary to shape the intensity envelope flexibly. The one-dimensional analytical description of electron longitudinal dynamic during the self-modulation process is given, which confirms the effective enhancement of the modulation at THz band. Three-dimensional time-dependent simulation results based on the parameters of Hefei light source-II show that the coherent THz radiation pulses with a repetition rate of 10 kHz can be generated.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Emittance growth analysis of laser-driven broad energy spectral proton beams
Authors: Wu M. J. , Li D. Y. , Yang T. , Li Y. Z. , Cheng H. , Xia Y. D. , Yan Y. , Fang Y. L. , Zhu K. , Easton M. J. , Lin C. , Yan X. Q. 
Published: April 2024

With the rapid development of high-gradient laser plasma acceleration, implementing it in practical applications has become a priority. However, to go from “acceleration” to “accelerator,” a beam line system is required to accurately control the beam parameters according to different irradiation requirements. The laser-accelerated proton beam is characterized by a micron-scale original source size and a small emittance as low as 0.004 mm mrad [T. E. Cowan , ]. However, due to the broad energy spread and large divergence, its initial ultralow emittance will increase rapidly in the subsequent transmission process. This indicates that designing a beamline for laser-driven protons is challenging and differs significantly from that of a conventional accelerator. As a fundamental parameter for beam line design, we have theoretically derived the emittance growth law for laser-driven protons in both drift space and in a focusing element. The results demonstrate that the beam emittance deteriorates sharply with the energy spread and the square of the divergence angle. These theoretical calculations have been verified both in experiments and simulations. This work is helpful for designing subsequent beam lines that pursue high transmission efficiency and achromatic ability.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Snapshot of digital transformation from the perspective of human resource management: a bibliometric approach
Authors: Jain Divya , Sharma Himani 
Published: April 2024

PurposeThe study aims to explore digital transformation from the viewpoint of human resource management to uncover possible threads of relationship using bibliometric analysis. It also aims to identify the trending research themes within the domains of digital transformation (DT) and human resource management (HRM) collectively.Design/methodology/approachThe research employs a mix of quantitative bibliometric techniques and qualitative content analysis. A corpus of 227 articles retrieved from the Scopus database was analyzed using the R-based Biblioshiny and VOS viewer.FindingsThe study shows publication trends, influential authors, leading journals, highly productive institutions, and, countries in the domain of DT and HRM. Co-citation and co-occurrence analysis was undertaken to identify the research clusters, depicting trending research themes that extensively dominate the research under this domain.Research limitations/implicationsThis study will serve as a ready reckoner for academicians and business leaders, giving them useful insights to make their road towards digital transformation less challenging with the assistance of human capital.Originality/valueThis study is one of the initial efforts to quantitatively synthesize the results of earlier publications using bibliometric techniques in the domain of DT and HRM together. It will aid researchers in locating research gaps and filling those gaps in the future.
Devils Backbone Brewing, LLC: An Idea Brews
Authors: Floyd Casey , Fairchild Gregory B. 
Published: April 2024

This case is used in Darden's required first-year course, “Strategic Thinking and Action.”In 2015, Steve and Heidi Crandall, the founders of Devils Backbone Brewing, LLC (DBB), were looking back on eight years of unanticipated success and significant growth. DBB had created a destination, a brand, and beer that drew people from all over, and it was the largest craft brewery in its region. The entire community, not just loyal beer drinkers, had supported DBB. In addition to funding and zoning accommodations, so many local residents had built their own economic lives around what had been their “little brewery that could.”But the success had brought challenges, specifically in terms of growth. DBB was consistently not meeting demand in its existing markets and was receiving complaints about out-of-stocks. The Crandalls and their team had to figure out how to grow with, or preferably ahead of, demand for DBB's product. Should DBB build further capacity despite an already exhausted line of credit? Should it employ a contract brewer despite the local authenticity concerns such a move might stir up? Or should it just keep trying to manage business within its existing footprint, comfortably serving its loyal customer base?
The future of transformative events: an event leaders’ perspective
Authors: Neuhofer Barbara , Celuch Krzysztof , Rihova Ivana 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
Focussing on the perspective of business event leaders, this study aims to explore the future of transformative experience (TE) events, recognising a paradigm shift from organising conventional events to designing and guiding TEs in the meetings, incentives and conferences as exhibitions (MICE) context.

Design/methodology/approach
Using a qualitative interview-based design, insights from 20 international business events industry leaders were gathered and analysed by using thematic analysis through a multi-step process with MAXQDA.

Findings
The findings discuss the future of transformative events by identifying the paradigm shift towards TE in business events and outline key dimensions of the leader’s and team’s mindset and skills. Five design principles for TE events in the MICE sector are identified: design for change; emotionally experiential environments; personal engagement; responsibility; and transformative measurement.

Practical implications
The study offers a snapshot of how transformative events of the future could be designed and suggests a series of practical insights for MICE event leaders and organisers seeking to leverage events as a catalyst for intentional transformation, positive impact and long-lasting change.

Originality/value
The study adds to the emerging body of knowledge on TEs and contributes to an extended stakeholder perspective, namely, that of business event leaders and their teams who are instrumental in facilitating transformative events. An original framework for designing TE MICE events is offered as a theoretical contribution.
Customers’ online service encounter satisfaction with chatbots: interaction effects of language style and decision-making journey stage
Authors: Huang Yingying , Gursoy Dogan 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
This study aims to examine the interaction effects of chatbots’ language style and customers’ decision-making journey stage on customer’s service encounter satisfaction and the mediating role of customer perception of emotional support and informational support using the construal level theory and social support theory as conceptual frameworks.

Design/methodology/approach
This study used a scenario-based experiment with a 2 (chatbot’s language style: abstract language vs concrete language) × 2 (decision-making journey stage: informational stage vs transactional stage) between-subjects design.

Findings
Findings show that during the informational stage, chatbots that use abstract language style exert a strong influence on service encounter satisfaction through emotional support. During the transactional stage, chatbots that use concrete language style exert a strong impact on service encounter satisfaction through informational support.

Practical implications
Findings provide some suggestions for improving customer–chatbot interaction quality during online service encounters.

Originality/value
This study offers a novel perspective on customer interaction experience with chatbots by investigating the chatbot’s language styles at different decision-making journey stages.
Network constraint and online group innovation: a dual perspective of inter-community group network and intra-community group network
Authors: Liu Jialing , Zhu Fangwei , Wei Jiang 
Published: April 2024

PurposeThis study aims to explore the different effects of inter-community group networks and intra-community group networks on group innovation.Design/methodology/approachThe authors used a pooled panel dataset of 12,111 self-organizing innovation groups in 463 game product creative workshop communities from Steam support to test the hypothesis. The pooled ordinary least squares (OLS) model is used for analyzing the data.FindingsThe results show that network constraint is negatively associated with the innovation performance of online groups. The average path length of the inter-community group network negatively moderates the relationship between network constraint and group innovation, while the average path length of the intra-community group network positively moderates the relationship between network constraint and group innovation. In addition, both the network density of inter-community group networks and intra-community group networks can negatively moderate the negative relationship between network constraint and group innovation.Originality/valueThe findings of this study suggest that network structural characteristics of inter-community networks and intra-community networks have different effects on online groups’ product innovation, and therefore, group members should consider their inter- and intra-community connections when choosing other groups to form a collaborative innovation relationship.
Entrepreneurship and organised crime: a systematic review and research agenda based on three decades of scholarship
Authors: Cincimino Salvatore , Gnoffo Salvatore , La Rosa Fabio , Paternostro Sergio 
Published: April 2024

PurposeScholarly interest in the business effects of organised crime (OC) has recently increased. This study aims to conduct a systematic literature review (SLR) on the conditions under which OC could pose a threat to or take control of firms within a particular context.Design/methodology/approachWe use narrative synthesis and thematic analysis, with a sample of 46 theoretical and empirical studies published over the past 30 years on the relationship between OC and firms within the disciplines of Business, Management and Accounting (BMA).FindingsSLR and thematic analysis show that scholarly interest has focused on four key domains: OC as a firm, the impact of OC on firms, firms’ efforts to counter OC’s influence and governmental interventions. Using medical metaphors, we also develop a diagram depicting the interplay between OC and firms within the BMA literature.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the literature shaping an agenda to steer future research towards these four key themes. The effectiveness of anti-OC tools and measures depends on a thorough understanding of local norms, behaviours and business practices. In addition to measurement and methodological challenges, several grey areas remain, including the distinction between criminal enterprises and legitimate businesses. Ambiguities also surround the circumstances under which the OC preys upon firms or employs them to establish dominance over a territory.
Pro-environmental behavior and the theory of planned behavior: a state of the art science mapping
Authors: Zulkepeli Laili , Fauzi Muhammad Ashraf , Mohd Suki Norazah , Ahmad Mohd Hanafiah , Wider Walton , Rahamaddulla Syed Radzi 
Published: April 2024

PurposeThis science mapping analysis aims to discern current, emerging and future trends of pro-environmental behavior and the theory of planned behavior (TPB).Design/methodology/approachBibliometric analysis through bibliographic coupling and co-word analysis were used to reveal the progress of this phenomenon. Of the 1,120 documents search in Web of Science (WoS) database, 1,031 were used in this analysis after restricting to journal publications and studies after the year 2000.FindingsThe results show that four themes emerged, namely the fundamentals of TPB for pro-environmental behavior, antecedents of pro-environmental behavior, integration of TPB with the norm activation model and value belief theory and studies of pro-environmental behavior in developing countries. Environmental concern, environmental awareness, environmental knowledge and environmental education were the most commonly integrated variables.Research limitations/implicationsThis research is unique in the sense that the integration between TPB and other prominent theories of pro-environmental behavior is vital to predict individual pro-environmental behavior and understand the fundamental scientific importance of the domain. The norm activation model has been integrated with TPB in many pro-environmental behaviors. Mainstream media stakeholders should design and implement a plan for strategic communication and awareness campaigns in the community to encourage consumers to engage in many behaviors that lead to environmental sustainability.Originality/valueThis study presents a science mapping approach to uncover crucial knowledge structure related to pro-environmental behavior and the theory of planned behavior.
Contrasting responses of forest phenological guilds to complex floodplain change
Authors: Holeštová Anežka , Doudová Jana , Havrdová Alena , Černá Marie , Boublík Karel , Douda Jan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Understanding the seasonal dynamics of the forest herb layer and the factors that influence it is essential for predicting how the forest ecosystem, including mutualistic interactions, will respond to global change. However, to date, no research has investigated how understorey phenological guilds respond to major environmental threats and forest interventions.

We showed the marked changes in the phenological structure of floodplain forest plant communities over half a century at a multi‐regional scale in Central Europe. Unlike previous studies focusing on individual species' responses to climate change, we examined shifts in species richness, frequency and abundance between phenological guilds within the plant community. We examined the effects of temporal variation in climate, hydrology, soil conditions and canopy structure, and assessed the effects of non‐intervention and intervention management on phenological guild responses.

Our results show a significant loss of local species richness and a decline in species frequency in the forest understorey vegetation, associated with species exhibiting summer phenology. In contrast, an increase in abundance and richness of spring flowering species was observed, attributed to high nutrient loads and reduced flooding, respectively. The abundance of spring species increased only in stands where canopy cover increased over time, probably due to the suppression of summer flowering species, allowing spring flowering species to spread on open, bare ground. The community experienced a shift in maximum flowering plant richness from June to May. Despite management interventions such as clearcutting and tree planting, our data show similar temporal trajectories in intervention and non‐intervention forests, indicating that changes in phenological structure are largely independent of recent management activities.

Synthesis. We propose that a complex interplay of environmental factors, rather than climate change alone, is shaping shifts towards earlier phenological guilds in floodplain forests. This study highlights the importance of considering a comprehensive view of phenological guild dynamics and the impact of environmental factors on forest plant community structure in the face of global change.
Revealing the genetic traits of the foodborne microbial genus Hafnia: Implications for the human gut microbiome
Authors: Fontana Federico , Longhi Giulia , Carli Elisa , Alessandri Giulia , Mancabelli Leonardo , Lugli Gabriele Andrea , Tarracchini Chiara , Viappiani Alice , Anzalone Rosaria , Turroni Francesca , Milani Christian , Ventura Marco 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe bacterial genus Hafnia has recently attracted attention due to its complex metabolic features and host‐interaction capabilities, which are associated with health benefits, primarily weight loss. However, significant gaps remain in our understanding of the genomic characteristics of this emerging microbial group. In this study, we utilized all available high‐quality genomes of Hafnia alvei and Hafnia paralvei to uncover the broad distribution of Hafnia in human and honeybee guts, as well as in dairy products, by analysing 1068 metagenomic datasets. We then investigated the genetic traits related to Hafnia's production of vitamins and short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) through a comparative genomics analysis that included all dominant bacterial species in the three environments under study. Our findings underscore the extensive metabolic capabilities of Hafnia, particularly in the production of vitamins such as thiamine (B1), nicotinate (B3), pyridoxine (B6), biotin (B7), folate (B9), cobalamin (B12), and menaquinone (K2). Additionally, Hafnia demonstrated a conserved genetic makeup associated with SCFA production, including acetate, propanoate, and butanoate. These metabolic traits were further confirmed using RNAseq analyses of a newly isolated H. paralvei strain T10. Overall, our study illuminates the ecological distribution and genetic attributes of this bacterial genus, which is of increasing scientific and industrial relevance.