bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increasing ambient temperature disrupts sleep and impairs cognitive function among Older Adults
Authors: Boateng Godfred O. , Dusing Gabriel J. , Shafiquzzaman Shaira , Lartey Stella T. , Agbe Eyram , Quansah Reginald , Okoye Dozie 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Increases in ambient temperature have been associated with deleterious consequences for socially disadvantaged populations. However, there is limited research on the associated mental health effects. Thus, this study examined the direct and indirect effects of high temperatures on sleep quality and cognitive function among older adults. Using combined data from the WHO Ghana Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health with temperature measurements derived from the Climatic Research Unit gridded Time Series and structural equation models, we examined the direct and indirect relationship between increasing mean temperatures, sleep difficulties, and cognitive impairment while adjusting for appropriate covariates. Increases in mean temperature change were associated with an increase in the severity of sleep difficulties and a decrease in cognitive function. The effect of temperature significantly increased sleep difficulties for females and older adults (65+). Our study shows that a reduction in temperature will improve sleep quality and enhance cognitive function.
Correlation between lung microecology and immunity in patients with anti-MDA5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis combined with interstitial lung disease: protocol for a prospective, multicentre cohort study
Authors: Liu Shuzi , Duan Zhimei , Wang Kaifei , luo Gui , Ji Xiaojian , Hu Ye , Fu Han , Liu Miao , Zhu Jian , Xie Fei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis (anti-MDA5+ DM) may be associated with interstitial lung disease (ILD), particularly rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease (RP-ILD). It leads to a poor prognosis and mortality rate of approximately 40%–90%. Patients with ILD or RP-ILD are always infected with various pathogens in the lungs. However, the aetiology and pathogenesis of the susceptibility of patients with anti-MDA5+ DM to ILD or RP-ILD remain largely unknown. Multiple studies have confirmed the existence of pulmonary microecology in respiratory diseases related to host immune response. However, the relationship and mechanism underlying the immune response and pulmonary infection in patients with anti-MDA5+ DM have not been reported. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the mechanism of ILD/RP-ILD susceptibility in patients with anti-MDA5+ DM through the relationship between the pulmonary microbiome, host immune response, and the presence or absence of concurrent RP-ILD.
Methods /design
We will enrol 50 patients with anti-MDA5+ DM from multiple medical centres, who will be divided into three groups: anti-MDA5+ DM with RP-ILD, anti-MDA5+ DM with non-RP-ILD, and anti-MDA5+ DM without ILD. Patients will be followed up for 6 months, with three clinical samples and data collected. We will identify pathogenic microorganisms and host genome metagenomics through next-generation sequencing (mNGS) and metagenomics third-generation sequencing (mTGS), and analyse whether identical or similar gene fragments of MDA5 are present in the genes of patients' lung microbiota to explore the possible relationship between pathogen genes and MDA5 antibody production. Additionally, we will analyse the host immune function status, inflammatory response status, and infection stage by immune cell counting, single-cell sequencing, metabolomics, proteomics, and flow cytometry.
Discussion
The study aims to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the host immune function status after infection and explore the relationship between the lung microbiome, host immune function status, and RP-ILD. Finally, we expect that the results of this study will potentially provide an early warning for RP-ILD development in patients with anti-MDA5+ DM and lay the foundation for future differentiated treatments targeting opportunistic pathogens and/or host immune factors.
Trial registration
ClinicalTrials. gov, identifier: NCT06203249. Registered on December 28, 2023.
Fault detection method for flexible DC grid based on current limiting reactance voltage variability
Authors: Zeng Zhihui , Zheng Yingying , Wei Yanfang , Wang Xiaowei , Li Jiayin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

AbstractFast and reliable identification of DC line faults is the key to the stable operation of flexible DC grids. Based on the boundary element characteristics of DC lines, a fault detection method for flexible DC grids based on current limiting reactance voltage variability is proposed. First, the equivalent model of DC grid when different faults occur is established, and the filtered voltage change rate is used as the protection startup criterion by taking advantage of the rapid change of fault voltage. Secondly, according to the characteristics of voltage change at both ends of the current limiting reactor of the DC line after the fault, the peak factor is used to extract the voltage change characteristics to constitute the internal and external faults criterion. Finally, the ratio of energy values of positive and negative current limiting reactance voltages on the DC line is calculated to constitute the fault pole selection criterion. Simulation results show that the proposed protection scheme can effectively identify internal and external faults and fault poles, and its principle is simple, with low communication requirements, strong resistance to transition resistance, strong anti-interference ability, and can better meet the requirements of DC grid for the protection of the rapidity and selectivity.
Pain intensity profile after a single injection of the peptide analgesic taphalgin in traumatology and orthopedic patients: prospective observational cohort study
Authors: Karelov Aleksei E. , Sorokin A. S. , Gamzeleva O. Y. , Kraevskaya Y. N. , Kellarev M. K. , Orozaliev I. E. , Karelov D. A. , Zabolotskii D. V. , Khmara V. M. 
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION: Multimodal analgesia is the main management strategy for postoperative pain. One component of this approach is opioid agonists. OBJECTIVE: Assessment of pain intensity profile after a single administration of the new selective µ1-opioid receptor agonist taphalgin in traumatology and orthopedic patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective observational program analyzed data from 100 patients whom were prescribed the drug taphalgin for pain relief after traumatological and orthopedic surgery. All patients were treated with 50 mg dexketoprofen when moderate pain appeared after surgery. If the pain reached moderate or high intensity again, 4 mg of taphalgin was administered subcutaneously and then the change in pain intensity at rest and during movement was observed after 15, 30, 45, 60 min, as well as 2 and 4 h, using numerical rating scale (NRS). In this study physicians’ satisfaction by taphalgin was estimated. Satisfaction was assessed using Likert scale, where 1 — very bad, 2 — unsatisfactory, 3 — satisfactory, 4 — good, 5 — excellent. Repeated measures analysis of variance and dependent samples t-test were used for statistical analysis. The critical level of significance for accepting significant differences was set at 0.05. RESULTS: The average value of pain intensity before drug administration at rest was 5.9 ± 0.5 points and pain in movement was 8.4 ± 0.8 points. After just 15 min, significant pain reduction was achieved to 4.9 ± 0.8 and 7.3 ± 1.1 points (p < 0.001), respectively, after 30 min — to 3.6 ± 1.1 and 5.7 ± 1.1 points (p < 0.001), respectively, and after 60 min — to 2.2 ± 0.8 и 4.2 ± 0.8 points (p < 0.001), respectively. Doctor’s satisfaction with treatment showed that a positive assessment was given in 83 % of cases, and complete dissatisfaction was revealed in 1 % of cases. Impotently, no observations of respiratory depression or postoperative nausea and vomiting syndrome have been recorded. CONCLUSIONS: The drug taphalgin is an effective analgesic for the postoperative period in traumatology and orthopedics.
Analysis of the guideline “Perioperative management of patients with coronary artery disease”, “Perioperative management of patients with concomitant pathology of the heart valves” and “Perioperative management of patients with concomitant morbid obesity”: modified Delphi method
Authors: Lakhin R. E. , Dunts Pavel V. , Trembach N. V. , Andreenko A. A. , Bayalieva A. Zh. , Gorokhovsky V. S. , Grigoryev E. V. , Gritsan A. I. , Gruzdev V. E. , Ezhevskaya A. A. , Ershov V. I. , Kitiashvili I. Z. , Kokhno V. N. , Kuzovlev A. N. , Kuligin A. V. , Levit A. L. , Leiderman I. N. , Magomedov M. A. , Myasnikova V. V. , Ovezov A. M. , Orlov Yu. P. , Popugaev K. A. , Potievskaya V. I. , Savvina I. A. , Sitkin S. I. , Spasova A. P. , Fisher V. V. , Khoronenko V. E. , Shen N. P. 
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION: The development of clinical and methodological recommendations improves the quality of medical care and reduces the risk of complications. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the methodological recommendations “Perioperative management of patients with coronary heart disease”, “Perioperative management of patients with concomitant pathology of the valvular heart apparatus” and “Perioperative management of patients with concomitant morbid obesity” using the modified Delphi method. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A modified Delphi method was used with two rounds of questionnaires to develop a consensus. The agreement of specialists was reached in three stages: the preparatory stage, the discussion stage and the stage of developing a consensus conclusion. RESULTS: When discussing the methodological recommendation “Perioperative management of patients with coronary heart disease”, a consensus was reached on 35 out of 37 provisions and 7 out of 8 criteria for the quality of medical care. The analysis of the methodological recommendation “Perioperative management of patients with concomitant pathology of the valvular heart apparatus” showed that 57 out of 60 provisions, as well as all 13 criteria for the quality of medical care, were agreed upon. The discussion of the methodological recommendations “Perioperative management of patients with concomitant morbid obesity” showed that 22 of the 23 provisions of the recommendation and all 5 quality criteria were agreed upon. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the Delphic examination, obtained as a result of a detailed analysis by independent experts, will be useful for the co-authors of the discussed methodological recommendations before the planned revision.
Family, partnership, life satisfaction and well-being, emotional burnout and depression of employees of anesthesiology and intensive care departments: a multicenter anonymous observational trial
Authors: Sinbukhova Elena V. , Protsenko D. N. , Lubnin A. Yu. , Shchegolev A. V. 
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION: Currently, emotional burnout and its predictors are insufficiently studied among the staff of the departments of anesthesiology and intensive care. At the same time, burnout is associated with a decrease in the quality of medical care, patient safety, as well as the quality of life of the doctors themselves. An anonymous study was conducted in hospitals and clinics in Russia. OBJECTIVE: To assess the level of life satisfaction, well-being, emotional burnout and depression of the staff of the departments of anesthesiology — intensive care. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Maslach Burnout Inventory, Projective psychological technique “unfinished sentences” (based on Sacks sentence completion test) — tested by G.G. Rumyantsev, Beck Hopelessness Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, Satisfaction with Life Scale (E. Diener, R.A. Emmons, R.J. Larsen, S. Griffin). Brief Inventory of Thriving (BIT) (R. Su, L. Tay, E. Diener). RESULTS: The average level of life satisfaction of anesthesiologists was 14.7 points, which corresponds to the level of dissatisfaction, resuscitators and nurses had 19 points and 17.7 points, respectively — below the average level. Average and high levels of burnout in all three subscales had: 32.77 % of anesthesiologists, 52.26 % of resuscitators, 33.7 % of nurses. Depression symptoms varying degrees was detected in 83.62 % of anesthesiologists, 80 % of resuscitators and 51.7 % of nurses. CONCLUSIONS: It is necessary today not only to identify the first symptoms of burnout, but also to assess the level of satisfaction with the life and work of doctors, because they can directly affect the quality of medical care provided. It is probably that the even greater interest in the problem of doctor’s burnout and greater number of publications about this problem will become the element that encourages medical workers to seek psychological help.
Criminal cases against anesthesiologists and intensivists in Russia for 2019–2022: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Gorbachev Vladimir I. , Utkin N. N. , Netesin E. S. , Gorbachev S. V. , Malygina A. V. , Lavrentiev A. M. , Urbazaev A. A. 
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION: The number of criminal cases brought against doctors — anesthesiologists and resuscitators in the Russian Federation is not decreasing. However, a detailed analysis has not been carried out in recent years, and this was primarily due to the pandemic of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 and the restrictions that were associated with it. OBJECTIVE: To analyze criminal cases against anesthesiologists and resuscitators initiated under various articles of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation over the past four years, from 2019 to 2022. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The search for criminal cases was carried out in the following electronic databases: “Court decisions of the Russian Federation” and the State Automated System of the Russian Federation “Justice”. Based on the search results, 66 criminal cases against anesthesiologists and resuscitators were considered. RESULTS: The main articles of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation were identified, under which anesthesiologists and resuscitators are most often held accountable. The gender and territorial distribution of criminal cases by region of the Russian Federation is presented. The most significant and frequently committed defects in the provision of medical care have been identified. Examples of the most complex criminal cases are given. CONCLUSIONS: It seems that the number of criminal cases against anesthesiologists and resuscitators has decreased slightly after 2019, however, we believe that this is due to the pandemic of the new coronavirus infection, and for this reason many court cases are still under investigation and have not been completed on time.
Identifying daily water consumption patterns based on K-means Clustering, Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering, and Spectral Clustering algorithms
Authors: Guo Hongyuan , Liu Xingpo , Zhang Qichen 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTUnderstanding daily water consumption patterns is crucial for efficient management and distribution of water resources, as well as for promoting energy conservation and achieving carbon peaking and neutrality targets. It compares performance of three clustering algorithms, K-means Clustering (KC), Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering (AHC), and Spectral Clustering (SC), using Silhouette Coefficient Index (SCI) and Calinski–Harabasz Index (CHI) as evaluation metrics. We conducted a case study using original hourly flow series of a water distribution division. It aims to identify typical daily water consumption patterns and explore factors that influence them. Findings are as follows: (1) among the three algorithms, KC demonstrates the best, with SCI of 0.6315, 0.5922, and 0.6272, and CHI of 305.9207, 274.1120, and 302.4738 for KC, AHC, and SC, respectively. (2) KC successfully identifies three distinct typical daily water consumption patterns. (3) Results indicate a significant impact of seasons on daily water consumption patterns. (4) Conversely, weekdays and holidays have minimal effect on daily water consumption patterns. It highlights the importance of comprehending daily water consumption patterns and underscores the effectiveness of KC in identifying such patterns. Furthermore, it emphasizes the significant influence of seasons while revealing limited impact of weekdays and holidays on daily water consumption patterns.
Innovating Nature-based Solutions: learnings from the EU Horizon 2020 RECONECT project
Authors: Penny Jessica Sarah , Dlugoborskyte Vytaute , Draper Kate , Fonseca Alvaro , Baker Kate , Chen Albert S. , Manojlovic Natasa , Vojinovic Zoran 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This paper proposes a specialised framework that integrates the Technology Readiness Levels (TRLs) and the Commercial Readiness Index (CRI) to assess learnings from a Horizon 2020 (H2020) project on innovation development via the selection and enhancement of supporting tools and technologies for Nature-based Solutions (NbS) implementation and evaluation. We developed and applied the methodology to scout NbS-related innovations that are at a certain TRL and had the potential for commercial exploitation, and then included tailored activities to help these solutions to reach at least CRI-1 (i.e. have the business model outlined, initial market research done, business case formulated). The tools and technologies were assessed through a lens of innovation, explication, and upscaling. As a result, novel guidelines tailored for NbS innovations were established to introduce a participatory approach in TRL and CRI evaluations to support commercial exploitation for upscaling NbS into mainstream society through market uptake of H2020 frameworks.
Evaluation of water shortage and instream flows of shared rivers in South Korea according to the dam operations in North Korea
Authors: Lee Jae-Kyoung , Jang Suk Hwan 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

The Korean Peninsula's mountainous terrain poses challenges to effective water resource management. Notably, two significant river basins, North Han River and Imjin River basins, are essentially shared rivers originating in North Korea. After the construction of various dams in North Korea, billions of tons per year of water annually decreased from the upper reaches of these rivers of North Korea to South Korea. This study conducted an impact analysis on two major river basins affected by dam operations in North Korea. Both before and after the Imnam Dam operation, significant reduction (27.7%) in the average monthly inflow was observed, and the total release of the Hwacheon Dam in South Korea decreased by 40.2%. The analysis of instream flow indicated that the operation of dams in North Korea had a substantial impact on fulfilling instream flow requirements for dams located in North Han River and Imjin River basins. To ensure instream flow, this study proposed two plans. The first plan involved the utilization of existing dams in the North Han River basin, while the second plan suggested connecting the dams in North Korea, taking into account the shared rivers.
Bed morphology and turbulent anisotropy in a curved flexible bed channel
Authors: Ghani Waseem , Shah Shagoofta Rasool , Kumar Bimlesh 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

The present study analyzed the curved channel with the flexible bed for its morphology and structural turbulent anisotropy. The result of the bed morphology shows that erosion on the outer bend of the channel was prominent, and sediment deposition was pronounced in the inner bed of the channel. Erosion and sediment deposition rates increase with the flow rate and time. The analysis presents an anisotropy invariant (Lumley triangle) for flow turbulence at different channel sections. At the apex of the curved channel, a pancaked structure with a higher magnitude confirms the presence of helical flow in the apex region. The presence of a cigar-shaped structure with a high magnitude on the right side of the bend compared to the left side may be attributed to higher turbulence on the right side (outer bend), which may result in erosion at the outer bend and lesser turbulence on the left side (inner bank) may result in sediment deposition.
Physicochemical parameters affecting the adhesion of ciprofloxacin-resistant Escherichia coli to activated sludge
Authors: Nakaya Yuki , Nagahashi Natsumi , Hirano Reiko , Ishizuka Yusuke , Satoh Hisashi 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

To investigate the physicochemical conditions necessary to stably remove antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) via contact with activated sludge (AS), the adhesion of ciprofloxacin (CIP)-resistant and -susceptible Escherichia coli to AS was simulated by contact tests in the laboratory. The CIP-resistant E. coli and susceptible E. coli were removed by a 3 log smaller concentration by a 5 h contact test at maximum. Considering the hydraulic retention time of a reaction tank (∼5 h) and step-feeding operation, we considered the removal rate of E. coli in the current simulated contact test to be in agreement with the actual situation where 1–2 log concentrations of E. coli were reported to be removed from an AS reaction tank. With the increase in the AS concentration and/or dissolved oxygen, the removal rate of E. coli increased. The removal rate of CIP-resistant E. coli was greater than that of susceptible E. coli under all experimental conditions. Although the mechanism by which CIP-resistant E. coli preferably adhered to AS was not clearly understood in detail, finding optimum conditions under which bacteria, including ARB, were efficiently removed by the AS process may be possible.
Development of microfiltration membranes based on polysulfone and polyetherimide blends
Authors: Gunes-Durak Sevgi 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

In this study, membranes blended with polysulfone (PSU) and polyetherimide (PEI) polymers in different ratios were fabricated. Their potential to remove pollutants from rivers, which are a potential drinking water source, was investigated. Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed that the PSU membranes had a dense and homogeneous layer, whereas the addition of PEI formed a spongy substrate. The water content of the fabricated membranes varied between 5.37 and 22.42%, porosities 28.73–89.36%, contact angles 69.18–85.81%, and average pure water fluxes 257.25–375.32 L/m2 h. The blended membranes removed turbidity, chloride, alkalinity, conductivity, sulfate, iron, manganese, and total organic carbon up to 98.32, 92.28, 96.87, 90.67, 99.58, 94.63, 97.48, and 79.11%, respectively. These results show that when PEI was added to the PSU polymer, the filtration efficiency increased owing to an increase in the hydrophilicity of the membranes. Blending these two polymers enabled the optimization of membrane properties such as permeability, selectivity, and mechanical strength. In addition, membrane fabrication processes are simple and incur low costs.