bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
<i>In Vitro</i> Indirect Plantlet Regeneration from Hypocotyl Segments and Cotyledonary Explant Derived Calli in Lady's Finger (<i>Abelmoschus esculentus</i> L. Monech)
Authors: Rahman MT , Hossain MJ , Khalekuzzaman M 
Published: November 2009

An experiment was conducted to develop an efficient protocol for in vitro regeneration of plantlets from hypocotyl segments and cotyledonary explants of Abelmoschus esculentus L. Monech. In this investigation the cultivar OK-285 of Abelmoschus esculentus L. Monech was used. At first somatic embryogenic calli were induced using MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of auxin and cytokinin singly or in combination. The cotyledonary explants showed the best callus induction rate (87.9%) in MS medium containing 1.5mgl-l 2.4-D + 0.1mgl-l BAP hormonal concentration while hypocotyl segments showed 82.6% callus induction rate in the same medium. For shoot formation, calli were subcultured on MS solid medium and the hypocotyl segments showed the best result (72.1%) in MS medium containing 2.0 mgl-l BAP + 0.1 mgl-l IAA and the mean number of shoots per callus was recorded 4.2. For root induction from shoots MS and ½MS media were used. The highest 63.5% microshoots initiated roots in ½ MS + 0.1 mgl-l IBA medium and the highest mean number of root was 4.8. Rooted shoots were acclimated and successfully established into soil under natural condition with 70% survival. Key words: Abelmoschus esculentus, hypocotyl segments and cotyledon, embryogenic calli, regeneration. DOI:10.3329/jbs.v16i0.3741 J. bio-sci. 16: 49-57, 2008
Effect of <i>Rhizobium</i> Strains and Biofertilizers on Foot, Root Rot and Yield of Bush Bean in <i>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</i> Infested Soil
Authors: Khalequzzaman KM , Hossain I 
Published: November 2009

A glasshouse experiment was carried out to find out the effect of Rhizobium strains and biofertilizers on foot and root rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) and yield of Bush bean. Six Rhizobium strains and three biofertilizers were used for seed treatment. Rhizobium strains (BINAR P36 and BINAR P6) and BINA biofertilizer resulted maximum reduction of seed rot, and foot and root rot of Bush bean in pot. In addition, these treatments increased germination, plant stand, shoot length/plant, root length/plant, shoot weight/plant, root weight/plant, vigour index, plant height, number of green pods/plant, weight of green pods/plant, weight of seeds/plant and healthy looking seeds in pot trials. Among them Rhizobium strains (BINAR P36) showed best performance. Key words: Rhizobium, biofertilizer, foot and root rot, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, yield, Bush bean. DOI:10.3329/jbs.v16i0.3744 J. bio-sci. 16: 73-78, 2008
Differential Response of Potato under Sodium Chloride Stress Conditions <i>In Vitrio</i>
Authors: Rahman MH , Islam R , Hossain M , Haider SA 
Published: November 2009

In vitro evaluations of salinity (NaCI) effects on three potato cultivars (Atlanta, Shepody and Shilbilaty ) were investigated with five NaCI levels ( 0, 25, 50, 75 and100 mM) by using single node explants. Significant differences were noticed among the cultivars followed by different NaCl levels. Salinity stress gradually depressed plant growth and root development with increased NaCl concentration in MS media. All the cultivars survived at high NaCl (100 mM) containing MS media with exhibiting different growth status. The results indicate that Shilbilaty performed better in shoot length and shoot fresh mass than Shepody and Atlanta. The Atlanta performed better in root growth than Shepody and Shilbilaty at different NaCl media. Highest salinity level drastically inhibits root growth in all the cultivars tested. The control and 25 mM NaCl containing MS media did not affect the growth traits of in vitro potato plantlets. The control was found superior in growth characterized than rest of the tested NaCl levels. Keywords: Potato, single node, NaCl stress, growth response DOI:10.3329/jbs.v16i0.3745 J. bio-sci. 16: 79-83, 2008
Efficacy of Some Synthetic Insecticides and Neem Seed Oil for the Management of Thrips of Mungbean <i>Vigna radiate</i> (L.) Wilezek
Authors: Azam MG , Bhuyain MMH , Uddin MN , Islam MT , Kabir KH 
Published: November 2009

Field study was carried out at Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) farm during March to August 2005 to find out the most appropriate management practices against thrips of mungbean. The experiment consisted of seven treatments of various management practices. It was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replications. The incidence of this pest was first noticed during vegetative and flowering stage. The infestation rate was highest in reproductive stage. Application of Furadan 5G as a seed treatment gave the maximum yield (950.5 kg-ha). On the other hand, minimum yield was found in control treatment. Two times application of Shobicron 425 EC also gave the satisfactory result but it was not economically viable. Neem oil with Trix gave the significant result in comparison with other treatments and it may be environmentally friendly. Key words: Efficacy, Synthetic and botanical insecticides, Megalurothrips distalis, Yield. DOI:10.3329/jbs.v16i0.3750 J. bio-sci. 16: 105-108, 2008
Study on the developmental Stages of Spider Mite (<i>Tetranychus urticae</i> Koch) Infesting Country Bean
Authors: Naher Najmoon , Islam Md Wahedul , Khalequzzaman M , Haque Mohd Mainul 
Published: November 2009

The duration of developmental stages of Tetranychus urticae Koch was studied in different months of a year at room temperature. In addition fecundity of this mite was also observed in winter, autumn and summer seasons. T. urticae eggs hatched to larvae in the shortest duration of 1.07 ± 0.26 days and the longest duration of 11.67 ± 2.33 days in April and January, respectively. The larval period of T. urticae took the shortest time of 0.55 ± 0.50 days in May and 2.93 ± 1.07 days in December. The protonymph transformed to deutonymph in 0.89 ± 0.32 day in May and 3.71 ± 1.94 in December and January. The deutonymph required the shortest duration of 0.92 ± 0.41 days in August and the longest of 10.26 ± 1.48 days in January. The temperature played significant (P<0.001) role on the duration of developmental stages of T. urticae. The high temperature accelerated the developmental rate and reduced the duration of developmental periods. Its life cycle completed within 4.22 ± 0.46 days at 28.53 ± 3.17°C but 28.33 ± 2.36 days at 13.78 ± 2.36°C. A female T. urticae deposited 82.46 ± 4.11 eggs in autumn, 62.96 ± 12.09 eggs in summer and 58.21 ±1 3.65 eggs in winter. Key words: Developmental stages, Tetranychus urticae, temperature, fecundity DOI:10.3329/jbs.v16i0.3751 J. bio-sci. 16: 109-114, 2008
Second Guessing: A Self-Help Manual
Authors: Roush Sherrilyn 
Published: November 2009

ABSTRACTI develop a general framework with a rationality constraint that shows how coherently to represent and deal with second-order information about one's own judgmental reliability. It is a rejection of and generalization away from the typical Bayesian requirements of unconditional judgmental self-respect and perfect knowledge of one's own beliefs, and is defended by appeal to the Principal Principle. This yields consequences about maintaining unity of the self, about symmetries and asymmetries between the first- and third-person, and a principled way of knowing when to stop second-guessing oneself. Peer disagreement is treated as a special case where one doubts oneself because of news that an intellectual equal disagrees. This framework, and variants of it, imply that the typically stated belief that an equally reliably peer disagrees is incoherent, and thus that pure rationality constraints without further substantive information cannot give an answer as to what to do. The framework also shows that treating both ourselves and others as thermometers in the disagreement situation does not imply the Equal Weight view.
Evidentialism, Higher-Order Evidence, and Disagreement
Authors: Feldman Richard 
Published: November 2009

ABSTRACTEvidentialism is the thesis that a person is justified in believing a proposition iff the person's evidence on balance supports that proposition. In discussing epistemological issues associated with disagreements among epistemic peers, some philosophers have endorsed principles that seem to run contrary to evidentialism, specifying how one should revise one's beliefs in light of disagreement. In this paper, I examine the connection between evidentialism and these principles. I argue that the puzzles about disagreement provide no reason to abandon evidentialism and that there are no true general principles about justified responses to disagreement other than the general evidentialist principle. I then argue that the puzzles about disagreement are primarily puzzles about the evidential impact of higher-order evidence–evidence about the significance or existence of ordinary, or first-order, evidence. I conclude by arguing that such higher-order evidence can often have a profound effect on the justification of first-order beliefs.
Perceived Functioning Has Ethnic-specific Associations in Systemic Sclerosis: Another Dimension of Personalized Medicine
Authors: McNEARNEY TERRY A. , HUNNICUTT SONYA E. , FISCHBACH MICHAEL , FRIEDMAN ALAN W. , AGUILAR MARTHA , AHN CHUL W. , REVEILLE JOHN D. , LISSE JEFFREY R. , BAETHGE BRUCE A. , GOEL NITI , MAYES MAUREEN D. 
Published: November 2009

Objective.To measure self-reported physical and mental functioning and associated clinical features at study entry in 3 ethnic groups with systemic sclerosis (SSc).Methods.Sixty Hispanic, 39 African American, and 104 Caucasian patients with recent-onset SSc (< 5 yrs) were assessed for perceived physical and mental functioning, using the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 (SF-36) and Scleroderma-Health Assessment Questionnaire (Scleroderma-HAQ). Socioeconomic, demographic, clinical, immunologic, immunogenetic, behavioral, and psychological variables (Interpersonal Support Evaluation List, ISEL; Illness Behavior Questionnaire, IBQ; and Arthritis Helplessness Index, AHI) were analyzed by linear regression models for associations with SF-36 and mHAQ scores as dependent variables.Results.Perceived physical functioning scores had ethnic-specific associations with AHI > fatigue scores > IBQ > clinical variables (hypertension, skin score, and percentage predicted DLCO). Scleroderma-HAQ scores had ethnic-specific associations with IBQ > AHI scores > most clinical and laboratory variables. Decreased mental component summary (MCS) scores associated with AHI > ISEL. Ethnic-specific immunogenetic variables HLA-DQB1*0202 (Caucasian) and HLA-DRB 1*11 (African American), and HLA-DQA1*0501 (Hispanic) also associated with MCS. Antinuclear autoantibodies, anti-topoisomerase I, and RNA polymerases I and III also demonstrated associations with functioning in African American and Hispanic groups.Conclusion.Clinical, psychosocial, and immunogenetic variables had ethnic-specific associations with perceived physical and mental functioning. Consideration of ethnic-specific psychological and behavioral support in designing more personalized, relevant therapeutic interventions for the patient may improve therapeutic efficacy in SSc.
Crystalline γ‐Alumina Deposited in an Industrial Coating Unit for Demanding Turning Operations
Authors: Bobzin Kirsten , Bagcivan Nazlim , Ewering Mara 
Published: November 2009

AbstractCrystalline PVD γ‐Al2O3‐ coatings offer great potential for their use in high‐speed cutting operations. They promise high hot hardness and high oxidation resistance at elevated temperatures. This is important for coatings that are used for machining of materials with low thermal conductivity such as stainless steel or Inconel 718 because heat generated during cutting can barely be dissipated by the chip. Because of the prevailing bonding forces of alumina, adhesion‐related sticking can be reduced even for dry cutting. Furthermore, the high formation enthalpy of alumina prevents chemical reactions with frictional partners. The present work gives an overview of the deposition of γ‐Al2O3 thin films on WC/Co‐cutting inserts by using pulsed MSIP (magnetron sputter ion plating) PVD technology. To improve adhesion, a (Ti,Al)N bond coat was employed. The samples were analyzed using common thin film test equipment. Cutting tests and pin‐on‐disk examinations were carried out to test the coating's performance. For turning operations, the difficult‐to‐machine austenitic steel 1.4301 (X5CrNi18‐10) was used. In comparison to a state‐of‐the‐art (Ti,Al)N coating, (Ti,Al)N/γ‐Al2O3 showed a longer tool life.
[Ru(0)]@SiO2 and [RuO2]@SiO2 Hybrid Nanomaterials: From Their Synthesis to Their Application as Catalytic Filters for Gas Sensors
Authors: Matsura Victor , Guari Yannick , Reyé Catherine , Corriu Robert J. P. , Tristany Mar , Jansat Susanna , Philippot Karine , Maisonnat André , Chaudret Bruno 
Published: November 2009

Abstract[Ru(0)]@SiO2 and [RuO2]@SiO2 hybrid nanomaterials are produced following a facile method consisting of the synthesis of size‐controlled ruthenium nanoparticles as elemental bricks. This route takes advantage of the organometallic approach and the use of a bifunctional ligand for the synthesis of ruthenium nanoparticles from [Ru(COD)(COT)](COD = 1,3‐cyclooctadiene, COT = 1,3,5‐cyclooctatriene) as metal precursor and (PhCH2)2N(CH2)11O(CH2)3Si(OEt)3 (benzenemethanamine) as stabilizer. Hydrolysis and polycondensation steps via a sol–gel approach lead to the formation of the silica materials containing the metal nanoparticles. A final calcination step in air at 400 °C yields the [RuO2]@SiO2 nanocomposites. Such hybrid nanomaterials display a good dispersion of the nanoparticles inside the silica matrix and interesting porosity properties making them attractive materials for catalytic applications. This is shown by using [RuO2]@SiO2 hybrid nanomaterials as catalytic filters for gas sensors.
Enhanced Optical Properties and Opaline Self‐Assembly of PPV Encapsulated in Mesoporous Silica Spheres
Authors: Kelly Timothy L. , Yamada Yuri , Schneider Celine , Yano Kazuhisa , Wolf Michael O. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractA new poly(p‐phenylenevinylene) (PPV) composite material has been developed by the incorporation of insoluble PPV polymer chains in the pores of monodisperse mesoporous silica spheres through an ion‐exchange and in situ polymerization method. The polymer distribution within the resultant colloidal particles is characterized by electron microscopy, energy dispersive X‐ray microanalysis, powder X‐ray diffraction, and nitrogen adsorption. It was found that the polymer was selectively incorporated into the mesopores of the silica host and was well distributed throughout the body of the particles. This confinement of the polymer influences the optical properties of the composite; these were examined by UV–vis and fluorescence spectroscopy and time‐correlated single‐photon counting. The results show a material that exhibits an extremely high fluorescence quantum yield (approaching 85%), and an improved resistance to oxidative photobleaching compared to PPV. These enhanced optical properties are further complemented by the overall processability of the colloidal material. In marked contrast to the insolubility of PPV, the material can be processed as a stable colloidal dispersion, and the individual composite spheres can be self‐assembled into opaline films using the vertical deposition method. The bandgap of the opal can be engineered to overlap with the emission band of the polymer, which has significant ramifications for lasing.
Nanoscale Conducting Channels at the Surface of Organic Semiconductors Formed by Decoration of Molecular Steps with Self‐Assembled Molecules
Authors: Lee Bumsu , Choi Taekjib , Cheong Sang‐Wook , Podzorov Vitaly 
Published: November 2009

AbstractUnder certain conditions, self‐assembling molecules preferentially bind to molecular steps at the surface of crystalline organic semiconductors, inducing a strong local doping effect. This creates macroscopically long conducting paths of nanoscale width (a single crystalline analogue of organic nanowires) that can span distances of up to 1 cm between electrical contacts. The observed effect of molecular step decoration opens intriguing possibilities for visualization, passivation, and selective doping of surface and interfacial defects in organic electronic devices and provides a novel system for research on nanoscale charge transport in organic semiconductors. In addition, this effect sheds light on the microscopic origin of nucleation and growth of self‐assembled monolayers at organic surfaces. It can also have implications in electronic patterning, nanoscale chemical sensors, integrated interconnects and charge‐transfer interfaces in organic transistors and solar cells.
Liquid‐Phase Exfoliation of Nanotubes and Graphene
Authors: Coleman Jonathan N. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractMany applications of carbon nanotubes require the exfoliation of the nanotubes to give individual tubes in the liquid phase. This requires the dispersion, exfoliation, and stabilization of nanotubes in a variety of liquids. In this paper recent work in this area is reviewed, focusing on results from the author's group. It begins by reviewing stabilization mechanisms before exploring research into the exfoliation of nanotubes in solvents, by using surfactants or biomolecules and by covalent attachment of molecules. The concentration dependence of the degree of exfoliation in each case will be highlighted. In addition research into the dispersion mechanism for each dispersant type is discussed. Most importantly, dispersion quality metrics for all dispersants are compared. From this analysis, it is concluded that functionalized nanotubes can be exfoliated to the greatest degree. Finally, the extension of this work to the liquid phase exfoliation of graphite to give graphene is reviewed.
Psychological symptoms correlate with reduced hippocampal volume in fragile X premutation carriers
Authors: Adams P.E. , Adams J.S. , Nguyen D.V. , Hessl D. , Brunberg J.A. , Tassone F. , Zhang W. , Koldewyn K. , Rivera S.M. , Grigsby J. , Zhang L. , DeCarli C. , Hagerman P.J. , Hagerman R.J. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractFragile X‐associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) is a neurodegenerative disorder occurring in male and occasional female carriers of a premutation expansion (55–200 CGG repeats) of the fragile X mental retardation 1 gene (FMR1). This study assessed the relationship between hippocampal volume and psychological symptoms in carriers, both with and without FXTAS, and controls. Volumetric MRI measures, clinical staging, cognitive testing, molecular analysis, and measures of psychological symptoms were performed for female premutation carriers both with FXTAS (n = 16, age: 57.50 ± 12.46) and without FXTAS (n = 17, age: 44.94 ± 11.23), in genetically normal female controls (n = 8, age: 50.63 ± 11.43), male carriers with FXTAS (n = 34, age: 66.44 ± 6.77) and without FXTAS (n = 21, age: 52.38 ± 12.11), and genetically normal male controls (n = 30, age: 57.20 ± 14.12). We examined the relationship between psychological symptom severity and hippocampal volume, as well as correlations with molecular data. We found a significant negative correlation between total hippocampal volume and anxiety in female carriers, with and without FXTAS. This finding was mainly driven by the significant negative correlation between right hippocampal volume and anxiety. Other anxiety‐related subscales also correlated with the right hippocampus in females. In male carriers with and without FXTAS, only paranoid ideation negatively correlated with hippocampal volume. Female premutation carriers demonstrated a negative association between hippocampal volume and the severity of anxiety‐related psychological symptoms. Though the presentation of FXTAS symptoms is less common in females, anxiety‐related problems are common both prior to and after the onset of FXTAS, and may be related to hippocampal changes. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Sustaining biofuels
Authors: Evans Jon 
Published: November 2009

AbstractUntil last year, biofuels seemed to promise a greener future and a solution to the problems of fossil fuels. Suddenly in 2008, things appeared to be less certain when biofuels became the subject of debate as to whether they were as environmentally friendly as originally thought. Jon Evans reports on the new race worldwide to establish appropriate sustainability criteria. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Structure–pharmacokinetic relationship ofin vivorat biliary excretion
Authors: Chen Yue , Cameron Kimberly , Guzman‐Perez Angel , Perry David , Li Dong , Gao Hua 
Published: November 2009

AbstractAccurately measuring and predicting biliary excretion would be extremely valuable in evaluating the contribution of biliary excretion to the total systemic clearance, understanding potential mechanisms of hepatobiliary toxicity as well as potentials for drug–drug interactions in drug discovery. In this study,in vivorat biliary excretion of drug‐like molecules was measured using bile duct cannulated rats. Literature biliary excretion data with similar experimental conditions were collected. A predictive quantitative structure–pharmacokinetic relationship (QSPR) model was developed using genetic algorithm guided principal component regression analysis and 2D molecular descriptors. In the derived model, hydrophobicity expressed with calculated distribution coefficients (cLogD) is the most important molecular property correlating biliary excretion. The derived model has been validated using literature data, and should be useful in estimating biliary excretion potentials of molecules in drug discovery. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Anticancer activity of a new gonadotropin releasing hormone analogue
Authors: Saleh‐Abady Mohammad Mirzaei , Naderi‐Manesh Hossein , Alizadeh Abdolali , Shamsipour Fereshteh , Balalaie Saeed , Arabanian Armin 
Published: November 2009

AbstractGonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) has a pivotal role in the biology of reproduction processes. In extrapituitary compartments GnRH and its receptor act as a part of the autocrin regulatory system of cell proliferation, resulting in its anticancer activity. Here the anticancer activity of a new analogue of GnRH has been investigated. Results indicate that proliferation of human breast and ovarian cancer cell lines is dose‐dependently inhibited. The inhibitory efficiency of this new analogue is proved to be higher than the original triptorelin. In addition to its antimitogenic activity, evidence was found for the involvement of the apoptotic mechanism in the action of the new analogue. Furthermore the presence of chemical groups in the peptide sequence is thought to increase the protease stability of the new analogue in comparison with triptorelin. Consequently our new analogue can be considered as a good pharmaceutical candidate. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 94: 292–297, 2010.This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com