bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic Factors Assessed for 15,096 Patients with Colon Cancer in Stages I and II
Authors: Mroczkowski Pawel , Schmidt Uwe , Sahm Maik , Gastinger Ingo , Lippert Hans , Kube Rainer 
Published: March 2012

AbstractBackgroundWe focused on the risk factors for poor outcome after curative resection of a colon cancer in UICC stages I and II based on the data of the Germany‐wide quality assurance study “colon/rectum cancer (primary tumor).” In some countries, all stage II colon cancer patients are encouraged to participate in a clinical trial. We feel that this approach is too broad.MethodsUsing the data of 15,096 patients operated on from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2004, the following factors were analyzed with the Cox regression model: age, comorbidities, ASA score, gender, localization of the tumor (left colon vs. right colon), perioperative complications (yes/no), pT stage, grading (G1/G2 vs. G3/G4), L‐status (lymph vessels invasion yes/no), and V‐status (venous invasion yes/no).ResultsThe probability of a local relapse in stages I and II was 1.5 and 4.6%, respectively, or distant metastases 4.7 and 10.2%, respectively. Only pT stage [hazard ratio (HR) for pT1 = 1, pT2 = 1.821, pT3 = 2.735, and pT4 = 5.881], L‐status (HR for L1 = 1.393), age (HR per year = 1.021), as well as ASA score IV (HR = 4.536) had significant influence on tumor‐free survival.ConclusionsDespite favorable prognosis and R0 resection, a small percentage of patients will still relapse. The most important risk factor comprising the tumor‐free survival is the pT stage followed by L‐status and age. These results should be taken into consideration when determining the course for adjuvant chemotherapy, especially if the course includes the recommendation of clinical trial participation for stage II colon cancer patients after an R0 resection.
Intraoperative Neuromonitoring does not Reduce the Incidence of Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy in Thyroid Reoperations: Results of a Retrospective Comparative Analysis
Authors: Alesina Piero F. , Rolfs Thomas , Hommeltenberg Silvia , Hinrichs Jakob , Meier Beate , Mohmand Wazma , Hofmeister Sebastian , Walz Martin K. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractPurposeRecurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) palsy is the major concern of reoperative thyroid surgery, and the introduction of neuromonitoring could reduce the rate of this complication. The present study is a retrospective analysis of the experience with completion thyroidectomy with and without neuromonitoring in a referral center.MethodsBetween October 1999 and April 2011, 246 patients [37 men, 209 women; mean age, 55 ± 12.5 (range, 25–80) years] underwent 250 reoperations for recurrent goiter (n = 203), hyperthyroidism (n = 26), or recurrent thyroid cancer (n = 17). The mean interval between the initial and the reoperative procedure was 17.5 years. According to the availability of the neuromonitoring system and to the surgeon preference, 91 operations were performed with neuromonitoring (NM‐group), whereas 159 were performed with direct nerve visualization (NV‐group) alone. Patients’ characteristics, perioperative data, and postoperative complications were collected in a prospectively maintained database.ResultsIn the NM‐group, 51 unilateral and 40 bilateral resections were performed. The NV‐group included 122 unilateral and 37 bilateral procedures. The number of nerves at risk after previous surgery was 128 (NM‐group) and 161 (NV‐group), respectively. We registered eight RLN palsy in the NM‐group (6.2 %) and four in the NV‐group (2.5 %; p = 0.1).ConclusionsThe routine use of intraoperative neuromonitoring seems not to reduce the incidence of RLN during redo thyroid surgery, at least in the setting of a tertiary referral center.
Anger expression in Swiss adolescents: Establishing measurement invariance across gender in the AX scales
Authors: Zimprich Daniel , Mascherek Anna 
Published: March 2012

ABSTRACTThe present study examined measurement invariance in the three anger expression subscales of the STAXI (Spielberger, 1988) with respect to gender. In a sample of 576 male and 531 female students, strict measurement invariance was found. For all three anger expression factors, no differences in variances or factor correlations were found. A large negative relation between Anger‐Out and Anger‐Control emerged. Girls reported significantly lower levels in Anger‐Out and Anger‐Control than boys. Results suggest that the questionnaire functions the same way across gender. Also, boys and girls exhibited the same range of interindividual differences in anger expression. The negative relation between Anger‐Out and Anger‐Control suggests that high levels of Anger‐Out might be an obstacle in controlling anger. Lower levels of Anger‐Out and ‐Control in girls suggest that girls might need less control because they express anger less outwardly.
Molecular imaging for personalized cancer care
Authors: Kircher Moritz F. , Hricak Hedvig , Larson Steven M. 
Published: March 2012

Molecular imaging is rapidly gaining recognition as a tool with the capacity to improve every facet of cancer care. Molecular imaging in oncology can be defined as in vivo characterization and measurement of the key biomolecules and molecularly based events that are fundamental to the malignant state. This article outlines the basic principles of molecular imaging as applied in oncology with both established and emerging techniques. It provides examples of the advantages that current molecular imaging techniques offer for improving clinical cancer care as well as drug development. It also discusses the importance of molecular imaging for the emerging field of theranostics and offers a vision of how molecular imaging may one day be integrated with other diagnostic techniques to dramatically increase the efficiency and effectiveness of cancer care.
The Organizational and Electoral Determinants of the Provincial Funding of Private Education in Canada: A Quantile Regression Analysis
Authors: Teyssier Ronan 
Published: March 2012

Abstract.Several Canadian provinces partially fund private education through statistical formulas. This article draws on various studies in the area of political economy in order to link provincial educational grants to factors not explicitly comprised in the formulas. More specifically, organizational and electoral variables are expected to have an impact on the amount of provincial grants received by private school authorities. Quantile regression analysis shows that Catholic and Protestant private schools are somewhat favoured by the existing system of grants. Likewise, membership in the main provincial interest group and electoral competition are beneficial to private school authorities.Résumé.Plusieurs provinces canadiennes financent partiellement l'éducation privée. Le montant de ce financement est déterminé au moyen d'une formule statistique. Cet article se base sur divers travaux d'économie politique afin de relier les subventions publiques allouées à l'éducation privée à des facteurs non inclus dans les formules. Plus précisément, nous nous attendons à observer un impact significatif de variables organisationnelles et électorales. L'analyse de régression quantile montre que les écoles privées catholiques et protestantes de même que les écoles privées membres de l'association provinciale de représentation des intérêts sont avantagées du point de vue de la subvention et que la compétitivité électorale est positivement et significativement liée au montant de subventions reçues par les autorités scolaires privées.
Physical restraintsversusseclusion room for management of people with acute aggression or agitation due to psychotic illness (TREC-SAVE): a randomized trial
Authors: Huf G. , Coutinho E. S. F. , Adams C. E. ,   TREC-SAVE Collaborative Group
Published: March 2012

BackgroundAfter de-escalation techniques have failed, restraints, seclusion and/or rapid tranquillization may be used for people whose aggression is due to psychosis. Most coercive acts of health care have not been evaluated in trials.MethodPeople admitted to the emergency room of Instituto Philippe Pinel, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, whose aggression/agitation was thought due to psychosis and for whom staff were unsure if best to restrict using physical restraints or a seclusion room, were randomly allocated to one or the other and followed up to 14 days. The primary outcomes were ‘no need to change intervention early – within 1 h’ and ‘not restricted by 4 h’.ResultsA total of 105 people were randomized. Two-thirds of the people secluded were able to be fully managed in this way. Even taking into account the move out of seclusion into restraints, this study provides evidence that embarking on the less restrictive care pathway (seclusion) does not increase overall time in restriction of some sort [not restricted by 4 h: relative risk 1.09, 95% confidence interval 0.75–1.58; mean time to release: restraints 337.6 (s.d.=298.2) min, seclusion room 316.3 (s.d.=264.5) min,p=0.48]. Participants tended to be more satisfied with their care in the seclusion group (17.0%v. 11.1%) but this did not reach conventional levels of statistical significance (p=0.42).ConclusionsThis study should be replicated, but suggests that opting for the least restrictive option in circumstances where there is clinical doubt does not harm or prolong coercion.
SMURFLite: combining simplified Markov random fields with simulated evolution improves remote homology detection for beta-structural proteins into the twilight zone
Authors: Daniels Noah M. , Hosur Raghavendra , Berger Bonnie , Cowen Lenore J. 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
Motivation: One of the most successful methods to date for recognizing protein sequences that are evolutionarily related has been profile hidden Markov models (HMMs). However, these models do not capture pairwise statistical preferences of residues that are hydrogen bonded in beta sheets. These dependencies have been partially captured in the HMM setting by simulated evolution in the training phase and can be fully captured by Markov random fields (MRFs). However, the MRFs can be computationally prohibitive when beta strands are interleaved in complex topologies. We introduce SMURFLite, a method that combines both simplified MRFs and simulated evolution to substantially improve remote homology detection for beta structures. Unlike previous MRF-based methods, SMURFLite is computationally feasible on any beta-structural motif.
Results: We test SMURFLite on all propeller and barrel folds in the mainly-beta class of the SCOP hierarchy in stringent cross-validation experiments. We show a mean 26% (median 16%) improvement in area under curve (AUC) for beta-structural motif recognition as compared with HMMER (a well-known HMM method) and a mean 33% (median 19%) improvement as compared with RAPTOR (a well-known threading method) and even a mean 18% (median 10%) improvement in AUC over HHPred (a profile–profile HMM method), despite HHpred's use of extensive additional training data. We demonstrate SMURFLite's ability to scale to whole genomes by running a SMURFLite library of 207 beta-structural SCOP superfamilies against the entire genome of Thermotoga maritima, and make over a 100 new fold predictions.
Availability and implementaion: A webserver that runs SMURFLite is available at: http://smurf.cs.tufts.edu/smurflite/
Contact: lenore.cowen@tufts.edu; bab@mit.edu
Deriving transcriptional programs and functional processes from gene expression databases
Authors: Chang Jeffrey T. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractMotivation: A system-wide approach to revealing the underlying molecular state of a cell is a long-standing biological challenge. Developed over the last decade, gene expression profiles possess the characteristics of such an assay. They have the capacity to reveal both underlying molecular events as well as broader phenotypes such as clinical outcomes. To interpret these profiles, many gene sets have been developed that characterize biological processes. However, the full potential of these gene sets has not yet been achieved. Since the advent of gene expression databases, many have posited that they can reveal properties of activities that are not evident from individual datasets, analogous to how the expression of a single gene generally cannot reveal the activation of a biological process.Results: To address this issue, we have developed a high-throughput method to mine gene expression databases for the regulation of gene sets. Given a set of genes, we scored it against each gene expression dataset by looking for enrichment of co-regulated genes relative to an empirical null distribution. After validating the method, we applied it to address two biological problems. First, we deciphered the E2F transcriptional network. We confirmed that true transcriptional targets exhibit a distinct regulatory profile across a database. Second, we leveraged the patterns of regulation across a database of gene sets to produce an automatically generated catalog of biological processes. These demonstrations revealed the power of a global analysis of the data contained within gene expression databases, and the potential for using them to address biological questions.Contact: jeffrey.t.chang@uth.tmc.eduSupplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Defining and providing robust controls for microRNA prediction
Authors: Ritchie William , Gao Dadi , Rasko John E. J. 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
Motivation: microRNAs are short non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by inhibiting target mRNA genes. Next-generation sequencing combined with bioinformatics analyses provide an opportunity to predict numerous novel miRNAs. The efficiency of these predictions relies on the set of positive and negative controls used. We demonstrate that commonly used positive and negative controls may be unreliable and provide a rational methodology with which to replace them.
Contact: w.ritchie@centenary.org.au
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Hydrographic variability in Icelandic waters during recent decades and related changes in distribution of some fish species
Authors: Valdimarsson Héðinn , Astthorsson Olafur S. , Palsson Jonbjorn 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
Valdimarsson, H., Astthorsson, O. S., and Palsson, J. 2012. Hydrographic variability in Icelandic waters during recent decades and related changes in distribution of some fish species. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 69: 816–825. Seasonal time-series of temperature and salinity around Iceland have been collected, with repeat observations at stations, since the start of the 1970s. After fairly cold years during the early 1990s, a reversal occurred during the mid-1990s and the period from 1996 to 2010 was one with warmer, more saline water in shelf seas around Iceland. Temperatures and salinities have been frequently above the long-term mean in the waters to the south and west of the country, and these conditions have also influenced the shelf area north of the country. Marked changes have also been observed in the distribution of many fish species during this warm period. Southern commercial species have extended farther north (e.g. haddock, monkfish, mackerel), a northern species is retreating (capelin), rare species and vagrants have been observed more frequently (e.g. greater fork beard, blue antimora, snake pipefish, sea lamprey, Ray's bream), and 31 species, from both shelf and oceanic waters, have been recorded for the first time since 1996. The most obvious explanation for these changes in the ecosystem has to be the warming of 1–2°C in the waters south and west of Iceland during the past 15 years.
Dissecting Phosphite-Induced Priming in Arabidopsis Infected withHyaloperonospora arabidopsidis
Authors: Massoud Kamal , Barchietto Thierry , Le Rudulier Thomas , Pallandre Laurane , Didierlaurent Laure , Garmier Marie , Ambard-Bretteville Françoise , Seng Jean-Marc , Saindrenan Patrick 
Published: March 2012

AbstractPhosphite (Phi), a phloem-mobile oxyanion of phosphorous acid (H3PO3), protects plants against diseases caused by oomycetes. Its mode of action is unclear, as evidence indicates both direct antibiotic effects on pathogens as well as inhibition through enhanced plant defense responses, and its target(s) in the plants is unknown. Here, we demonstrate that the biotrophic oomycete Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis (Hpa) exhibits an unusual biphasic dose-dependent response to Phi after inoculation of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), with characteristics of indirect activity at low doses (10 mm or less) and direct inhibition at high doses (50 mm or greater). The effect of low doses of Phi on Hpa infection was nullified in salicylic acid (SA)-defective plants (sid2-1, NahG) and in a mutant impaired in SA signaling (npr1-1). Compromised jasmonate (jar1-1) and ethylene (ein2-1) signaling or abscisic acid (aba1-5) biosynthesis, reactive oxygen generation (atrbohD), or accumulation of the phytoalexins camalexin (pad3-1) and scopoletin (f6′h1-1) did not affect Phi activity. Low doses of Phi primed the accumulation of SA and Pathogenesis-Related protein1 transcripts and mobilized two essential components of basal resistance, Enhanced Disease Susceptibility1 and Phytoalexin Deficient4, following pathogen challenge. Compared with inoculated, Phi-untreated plants, the gene expression, accumulation, and phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase MPK4, a negative regulator of SA-dependent defenses, were reduced in plants treated with low doses of Phi. We propose that Phi negatively regulates MPK4, thus priming SA-dependent defense responses following Hpa infection.
Developing a collaborative faculty‐librarian information literacy assessment project
Authors: Belanger Jackie , Bliquez Rebecca , Mondal Sharleen 
Published: March 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe the process of developing an information literacy assessment project, and to discuss key findings from the project.Design/methodology/approachA variety of assessment tools were used to gather information about student learning and information literacy instruction: pre‐ and post‐surveys, student feedback surveys, faculty feedback to librarians, librarian self‐reflection, library worksheets, student research journals, and citation analysis of students' final research paper bibliographies.FindingsIt was found that the authors' initial suite of assessment tools did not provide the information wanted about students' research processes, so the authors' “assessment toolkit” was modified. It was found that more meaningful information could be gathered about students' research processes when the authors worked closely with faculty to embed information literacy assessments into course assignments. From the authors' analysis of student work, it was discovered that, for many students, library instruction was most valuable in helping them refine and explore research topics.Originality/valueThis paper will be useful to librarians and faculty seeking to implement an information literacy assessment project. The authors provide ideas for ways for faculty and librarians to collaborate on information literacy assessment, as well as on assignment and course design.
Customer engagement, buyer‐seller relationships, and social media
Authors: Sashi C.M. 
Published: March 2012

PurposeThe advent of the internet and in particular the interactive features of Web 2.0 in recent years have led to an explosion of interest in customer engagement. The opportunities presented by social media to help build close relationships with customers seem to have excited practitioners in a wide variety of industries worldwide. Academic scholarship on customer engagement, however, has lagged practice and its theoretical foundation is relatively underdeveloped and a better understanding of the concept is essential to develop strategies for customer engagement. This paper seeks to address some of these issues.Design/methodology/approachThe paper attempts to enhance understanding of customer engagement by examining practitioner views of customer engagement, linking it to the marketing concept, market orientation, and relationship marketing, modeling the customer engagement cycle, and developing a customer engagement matrix.FindingsThe paper develops a model of the customer engagement cycle with connection, interaction, satisfaction, retention, loyalty, advocacy, and engagement as stages in the cycle. It arrays customers in a customer engagement matrix according to the degree of relational exchange and emotional bonds that characterize their relationship with sellers. Four types of relationships emerge: transactional customers, delighted customers, loyal customers, and fans.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper is an initial attempt to develop a theoretical framework for customer engagement and further research is required to better understand several aspects of the framework. Future research can also investigate questions stemming from this research, for instance, how different Web 2.0 tools may be used to build customer engagement in consumer and business markets.Practical implicationsCustomer engagement turns customers into fans. But for customers to become fans they have to progress through the stages of the customer engagement cycle. In addition to current fans, sellers need a mix of transactional, delighted, and loyal customers who can be turned into fans in the future. A mix of digital and nondigital technologies can be employed to facilitate customers' transition through the stages in the customer engagement cycle.Originality/valueThe paper develops a conceptual model of customer engagement that improves understanding of the concept and provides the foundation for strategies to better satisfy customers using Web 2.0 tools like social media.
Founder effectiveness in leveraging entrepreneurial orientation
Authors: Mousa Fariss‐Terry , Wales William 
Published: March 2012

PurposeThis paper aims to explore the effects of entrepreneurial orientation (EO) on firm survival and examine whether founder chief executive officers (CEOs) are more effective than other types of managers at utilizing entrepreneurial orientation at initial public offerings (IPOs).Design/methodology/approachUsing survival analysis the authors investigate the effects of EO on firm survival as well as the moderating role of founder CEOs.FindingsThe results suggest that EO increases post‐IPO survival. Further, founder‐CEOs moderate the EO‐survival relationship.Originality/valueThe paper shows that entrepreneurial orientation enhances long‐term survival in IPO firms. Survival is an important, though generally overlooked consideration in EO research. The paper also concludes that firms with founder CEOs are more likely to value and implement EO. Finally, the paper addresses calls for greater use of secondary measures of EO.