bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eosinophils, basophils and myeloid-derived suppressor cells in chronic Loa loa infection and its treatment in an endemic setting
Authors: Burger Gerrit , Adamou Rafiou , Kreuzmair Ruth , Ndoumba Wilfrid Ndzebe , Mbassi Dorothea Ekoka , Mouima Anne Marie Nkoma , Tabopda Carole Mamgno , Adegnika Roukoyath Moyoriola , More Ayong , Okwu Dearie Glory , Mbadinga Lia-Betty Dimessa , Calle Carlos Lamsfus , Veletzky Luzia , Metzger Wolfram Gottfried , Mordmüller Benjamin , Ramharter Michael , Mombo-Ngoma Ghyslain , Adegnika Ayola Akim , Zoleko-Manego Rella , McCall Matthew B. B. 
Published: May 2024

Background
Chronic infection by Loa loa remains an unsolved immunological paradox. Despite harboring subcutaneously migrating adult worms and often high densities of microfilariae, most patients experience only relatively mild symptoms, yet microfilaricidal treatment can trigger life-threatening inflammation. Here, we investigated innate cell populations hypothesized to play a role in these two faces of the disease, in an endemic population in Gabon.

Methodology/Principal findings
We analyzed numbers and activation of eosinophils and basophils, as well as myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) subsets and associated circulating cytokine levels by flow cytometry in sex- and age-matched L. loa-uninfected (LL-), -amicrofilaraemic (MF-) and -microfilaraemic (MF+) individuals (n = 42), as well as microfilaraemic individuals treated with albendazole (n = 26). The percentage of eosinophils was lower in LL- (3.0%) than in the combined L. loa-infected population, but was similar in MF+ (13.1%) and MF- (12.3%). Upon treatment of MF+, eosinophilia increased from day 0 (17.2%) to day 14 (24.8%) and had decreased below baseline at day 168 (6.3%). Expression of the eosinophil activation marker CD123 followed the same pattern as the percentage of eosinophils, while the inverse was observed for CD193 and to some extent CD125. Circulating IL-5 levels after treatment followed the same pattern as eosinophil dynamics. Basophil numbers did not differ between infection states but increased after treatment of MF+. We did not observe differences in MDSC numbers between infection states or upon treatment.

Conclusions/Significance
We demonstrate that both chronic infection and treatment of L. loa microfilaraemia are associated with eosinophil circulation and distinct phenotypical activation markers that might contribute to inflammatory pathways in this setting. In this first ever investigation into MDSC in L. loa infection, we found no evidence for their increased presence in chronic loiasis, suggesting that immunomodulation by L. loa is induced through other pathways.
Stomach Cancer Prediction Model (SCoPM): An approach to risk stratification in a diverse U.S. population
Authors: Wu Bechien U. , Dong Elizabeth Y. , Chen Qiaoling , Luong Tiffany Q. , Lustigova Eva , Jeon Christie Y. , Chen Wansu 
Published: May 2024

Background and aims
Population-based screening for gastric cancer (GC) in low prevalence nations is not recommended. The objective of this study was to develop a risk-prediction model to identify high-risk patients who could potentially benefit from targeted screening in a racial/ethnically diverse regional US population.

Methods
We performed a retrospective cohort study from Kaiser Permanente Southern California from January 2008-June 2018 among individuals age ≥50 years. Patients with prior GC or follow-up <30 days were excluded. Censoring occurred at GC, death, age 85 years, disenrollment, end of 5-year follow-up, or study conclusion. Cross-validated LASSO regression models were developed to identify the strongest of 20 candidate predictors (clinical, demographic, and laboratory parameters). Records from 12 of the medical service areas were used for training/initial validation while records from a separate medical service area were used for testing.

Results
1,844,643 individuals formed the study cohort (1,555,392 training and validation, 289,251 testing). Mean age was 61.9 years with 53.3% female. GC incidence was 2.1 (95% CI 2.0–2.2) cases per 10,000 person-years (pyr). Higher incidence was seen with family history: 4.8/10,000 pyr, history of gastric ulcer: 5.3/10,000 pyr, H. pylori: 3.6/10,000 pyr and anemia: 5.3/10,000 pyr. The final model included age, gender, race/ethnicity, smoking, proton-pump inhibitor, family history of gastric cancer, history of gastric ulcer, H. pylori infection, and baseline hemoglobin. The means and standard deviations (SD) of c-index in validation and testing datasets were 0.75 (SD 0.03) and 0.76 (SD 0.02), respectively.

Conclusions
This prediction model may serve as an aid for pre-endoscopic assessment of GC risk for identification of a high-risk population that could benefit from targeted screening.
Multidrug-resistance and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing lactose-fermenting enterobacteriaceae in the human-dairy interface in northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Beyene Achenef Melaku , Gizachew Mucheye , Yousef Ahmed E. , Haileyesus Hana , Abdelhamid Ahmed G. , Berju Adugna , Tebeje Meseret Molu , Feleke Tigest , Gelaw Baye 
Published: May 2024

Background
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is among the top public health concerns in the globe. Estimating the prevalence of multidrug resistance (MDR), MDR index (MDR-I) and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing lactose fermenting Enterobacteriaceae (LFE) is important in designing strategies to combat AMR. Thus, this study was designed to determine the status of MDR, MDR-I and ESBL-producing LFE isolated from the human-dairy interface in the northwestern part of Ethiopia, where such information is lacking.

Methodology
A cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2022 to August 2023 by analyzing 362 samples consisting of raw pooled milk (58), milk container swabs (58), milker’s hand swabs (58), farm sewage (57), milker’s stool (47), and cow’s feces (84). The samples were analyzed using standard bacteriological methods. The antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and ESBL production ability of the LFE isolates were screened using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method, and candidate isolates passing the screening criteria were phenotypically confirmed by using cefotaxime (30 μg) and cefotaxime /clavulanic acid (30 μg/10 μg) combined-disk diffusion test. The isolates were further characterized genotypically using multiplex polymerase chain reaction targeting the three ESBL-encoding- genes namely blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M.

Results
A total of 375 bacterial isolates were identified and the proportion of MDR and ESBL-producing bacterial isolates were 70.7 and 21.3%, respectively. The MDR-I varied from 0.0 to 0.81 with an average of 0.30. The ESBL production was detected in all sample types. Genotypically, the majority of the isolates (97.5%), which were positive on the phenotypic test, were carrying one or more of the three genes.

Conclusion
A high proportion of the bacterial isolates were MDR; had high MDR-I and were positive for ESBL production. The findings provide evidence that the human-dairy interface is one of the important reservoirs of AMR traits. Therefore, the implementation of AMR mitigation strategies is highly needed in the area.
Possibilities of replacing natural sand in concrete
Authors: Fořtová Kristina , Pavlů Tereza , Mariaková Diana , Řepka Jakub , Vlach Tomáš 
Published: May 2024

This study explores the potential of using fine recycled aggregate (FRA) to replace natural sand in concrete production. The research was divided into two parts. In the first part, natural aggregate’s complete fine fraction (0‑4 mm) was replaced with FRA in conventional concrete for two strength classes. In the second part, individual fine components of high-performance concrete (HPC) were substituted with a similar fraction of fine recycled HPC and concrete aggregate. The physical and mechanical properties of these mixtures with recycled aggregate were evaluated against reference mixtures that contained only natural aggregate, following European standards. Results showed that while most of the concrete and HPC mixtures with recycled aggregate showed slight decreases in properties compared to the reference mixes, the most significant reduction in mechanical properties was observed in the flexural tensile strength of the concrete mixture with FRA, which decreased by over 50 %. The absorption by immersion increased by up to 85 %. The deterioration in properties must be considered during the design stage and only used in applications where it will not affect the functionality of the structures.
Von der Duldung zur Erziehung. Aufgeklärte Judenpolitik in Breslau
Authors: Reinke Andreas 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The article deals with the State’s Jewish policies in the Silesian metropolis of Breslau at the turn of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Jews played a significant role in the economic life of the important market and trading city, especially as intermediaries in East-West trade. As a result, the central principle of Prussia’s absolutist Jewish policies, that of keeping the number of Jews resident in the country as low as possible, met with little resonance in Breslau. Instead, under the leadership of the long-time Provincial Minister Hoym, an educational policy was pursued, the aim of which was to harmonize the lifestyle, language and professional practice of the Jewish population with those of the non-Jews as a prerequisite for legal equality. Thus, at the end of the eighteenth century, Breslau became an early experimental field for enlightened Jewish policies, the possibilities of which, as well as its ambivalences and limits, became apparent at an early stage.
Das
Jüdisch-Mittelalterliche Erbe in Erfurt
auf der Welterbeliste
Authors: Stürzebecher Maria 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
On September 17, 2023, the Jewish Medieval Heritage in Erfurt was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List at the 45th session of the World Heritage Committee chaired by Saudi Arabia in Riyadh. This brought a decades-long process to its provisional conclusion, in which research into the history of the Jewish community in Erfurt in the Middle Ages and its material evidence had been intensified in preparation for the World Heritage application and also during the evaluation, thus leading to a great increase in knowledge. This process should and must continue, but an (interim) conclusion can be drawn in this paper.
Investigation of the bias tape roll change time efficiency in garment factories
Authors: Arsoy Raşit 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In the ready-to-wear industry, bias tape is one of the many factors that affect the efficiency of the manufacturing process. In particular, the bias tape change period slows down production. The purpose of this study is to identify the effect of fabric length on the time of changing bias tape rolls. At most manufacturers, the bias tape is made by cutting an average of 1 m from the product’s own fabric. In this study, the effect of bias tape fabrics cut into three different lengths on the manufacturing process was compared with three models. By producing bias tape for each model, the time spent on cutting the fabric, sewing, and changing the roll in the bias holder that feeds the lockstitch machine was calculated. It was revealed that the difference in fabric length affects the efficiency of the sewing process. Namely, it was found that the time spent on changing the bias tape roll decreased between 4.31 and 8.98%. Based on these findings, it can be said that the time efficiency can be increased by increasing the length of the fabric of the bias tape roll to be produced, and thus the production process could be accelerated.
Thermo-mechanical effects and microstructural evolution-coupled numerical simulation on the hot forming processes of superalloy turbine disk
Authors: Haoqiang Zhang , Liu Cai , Dongli Peng , Juanatas Ronaldo , Niguidula Jasmin , Caballero Jonathan M. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Macroscopic deformation and microstructural evolution simultaneously exist in the hot forming processes of superalloy. In order to effectively and accurately study the hot forming processes of superalloy turbine disk with the numerical simulation method, a multi-scale finite element model of GH4065 superalloy turbine disk involving macroscopic and microscopic aspects was established by defining macro- and micromaterial model of superalloy, hot forming processing parameters, and boundary conditions. Via the numerical simulations of superalloy turbine disk, the macroscopic material flow and microstructural evolution behaviors in the hot forming processes of superalloy turbine disk were studied. Besides, the macroscopic deformation and microstructure distribution states after the hot forming processes were revealed and analyzed. A corresponding hot forming physical test of superalloy turbine disk was conducted to verify the results of the numerical simulation. Via the qualitative and quantitative analyses, it was concluded that the macroscopic deformation and microstructural evolution in the hot forming processes of superalloy turbine disk can be accurately predicted by the numerical simulation method.
Food Price Inflation in the United States as a Complex Dynamic Economic System
Authors: Parum Faith , Dharmasena Senarath 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The issue of volatile food prices is a consistent problem for American consumers, as rising prices make it challenging to afford nutritious food that meets dietary standards. Various complex factors influence this price volatility, including economic conditions, weather patterns, global trade, energy prices, and more. Notably, the impact of food price increases is not equal for everyone. Low-income individuals and those in rural areas are disproportionately affected. A comprehensive understanding of the driving factors is essential to tackle this issue effectively. We employ advanced time-series techniques such as Vector Error Correction Models (VECM) and modern causal inference methods such as probabilistic graphical models implemented via machine learning and artificial intelligence approaches on monthly data from 2000 to 2021 to investigate the U.S. food price inflation issue. These methods help unravel the intricate dynamics among key variables driving food price inflation. The study aims to achieve several objectives. It intends to (1) clarify how factors influencing food price inflation in the U.S. change over time using VECM models, (2) establish causal relationships among interconnected variables to develop probabilistic graphical models using innovative search algorithms, and (3) create and validate forecasts related to U.S. food price inflation. The end goal is to provide actionable insights for policy design. Results show that food price inflation is heavily tied to commodity pricing and pricing for medical services. Additionally, historical decompositions for COVID-19 show ties between food price inflation and energy inflation.
Preparation of microfibrillated cellulose by in situ and one step method using calcium hydroxide as swelling and grinding agent
Authors: Zhao Tao , Chen Jinghuan , Liu Jingang , Yang Kaiji , Peng Xuanhua , Xiao Guihua , Liu Wenbo , Xu Chuanbo , Du Xiu , Yang Xiaobo , Sun Dewen 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Calcium hydroxide was used as a swelling agent and grinding aid to grind together with cellulose raw materials to prepare microfibrillated cellulose (MFC). Carbon dioxide was introduced to obtain MFC coated with calcium carbonate (CMFC). The effect of calcium hydroxide dosage on the fibrillation process of cellulose materials and the characteristics of MFCs and CMFCs were studied. Results show that when the dosage of calcium hydroxide was 5 % (based on cellulose materials), calcium hydroxide could be completely dissolved in water and had a swelling effect on cellulose materials. When the dosage reached 10 %, undissolved calcium hydroxide particles could serve as grinding media to assist in the fibrillation of cellulose materials. When the dosage exceeded 50 %, the auxiliary grinding effect of calcium hydroxide was more obvious. After accelerated carbonation, the generated calcium carbonate nanoparticles were coated on the surface of MFC, which increased its viscosity and decreased water retention value. The presence of calcium carbonate also facilitated the concentration, redispersion, and drying of MFC. The pretreatment, mechanical fibrillation, and accelerated carbonation were carried out in the same equipment without the need for heating or washing. Therefore, this study provides a in situ and one step method for the preparation of MFC.
A multi-dimensional analysis of corporate blogs
Authors: Wu Yang , Ren Hui 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Using a corpus-based multi-dimensional analysis, this study investigates the linguistic features and variation of corporate blogs from four industries: Service industry, the Wholesale and Retail Trade industry, the Manufacturing industry, and Information industry. The primary goal of this study is to examine the linguistic variation in corporate blogs from different industries. The data used for the current study is a 570,745-word corpus consisting of 995 textual posts from 40 top-ranked corporate blogs. In the multi-dimensional analysis, 67 linguistic features in the corpus are tagged, counted and normalized by using a Multidimensional Analysis Tagger (MAT). We imported the output files containing relevant statistical information from the MAT and then to SPSS 25.0 for a further t-test analysis. Overall, the corporate blogs are closest to the text type of general narrative exposition. The study finds that, as a hybrid genre, corporate blogs are basically informationally dense, non-narrative, interactive, and contextually independent. There are some statistically significant differences between four sub-corpora in corporate blogs. In particular, the Wholesale & Retail Trade sub-corpus is the most distinctive one that is significantly different from others on many dimensions, characterized by giving instructions, or telling stories, rather than persuading their audiences to do something.
Research of fresh/salt water in Upper-middle Pleistocene (qp\(_{2–3}\)) in Bac Lieu Province
Authors: Trinh Hoai Thu , Tran Thi Thuy Huong , Pham Ba Quyen , Le Duc Anh , Mai Duc Dong , Nguyen Manh Khai , Tran Thi Minh Hang , Nguyen Huyen Trang 
Published: May 2024

This study identified the relationship between Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) and Electrical Conductivity (EC) with the TDS = 0.6628*EC = 0.1706 correlation, in which the correlation coefficient is r = 0.984 and the Standard Error (±%) is 2.78%. The TDS content is determined by small relative error and a high correlation coefficient of the conductivity, which applies to calculate the TDS content of other groundwater samples in Bac Lieu Province. Also, the temperature difference in the electrical conductivity measurement affects the TDS content; thus, the study has determined that the temperature compensated constant between the electrical conductivity on the field and those at 25oC is 0.002953. According to the data and the analysis of the TDS content, the fresh-salt water distribution map of the qp2–3 aquifers has been established, and its boundary has been more detailed and standardized than in the previous study. In particular, TDS values range from 0.437 g/L to 2.0 g/L. The areas that contain brackish and salt water are distributed discontinuously, forming the saline zones in Loc Ninh, Phuoc Long communes in Hong Dan district; Phuoc Long, Hung Phu communes in Phuoc Long district; Vinh Hau, Vinh Binh communes in Hoa Binh district, and Thuan Hoa commune in Bac Lieu city. The saltwater area of the qp2–3 aquifers is about 398 km2, accounting for 16% of the study’s total area. The results fresh-salt water distributed mapping provide the environmental management institution with a comprehensive view of the distribution of fresh-salt water to propose effective groundwater exploitation policies.
Lay persons in catechesis. Experience and challenges in the case of Slovenia
Authors: Stegu Tadej 
Published: May 2024

Unlike in most other countries, religious education did not return to public schools in Slovenia after the fall of communism. The Catholic Church intensively introduced and developed catechesis in parishes. The new Slovenian Catechetical Plan opens the door to consider the various forms of catechesis already taking place in parish communities and to a lifelong model of catechesis that is not confined to the period of childhood and adolescence. The article analyses the development of the field of catechesis in Slovenia and the role of lay catechists. It highlights the main trends and challenges in catechesis and some of the existing solutions that no longer look only at the age of candidates but take into account their maturity and readiness when preparing to receive the sacraments of initiation. The analytical research is further illuminated by the author’s personal experience as a layperson involved in catechesis.
Obchody liturgiczne Wielkiego Tygodnia w świetle współczesnych badań nad wydarzeniami paschalnymi
Authors: Drzyżdżyk Szymon , Rachwał Karolina 
Published: May 2024

Holy Week, crowned by the Resurrection from the dead, has for centuries been the most important liturgical event of the year. In terms of importance, it can only be compared to the Lord’s Day — Sunday. Both celebrations have their origins in Judaism, where the Sabbath and Passover were treated similarly. The Sabbath was a day for the Lord, and Passover was the most important festival. The saving events are conditioned by historical time, as recorded by the Evangelists. Unfortunately, despite the accuracy of the Gospel authors, it is still difficult to establish a precise chronology, or even to indicate the year in which the crucifixion took place. In the following article, the formation of the Holy Week tradition is presented together with a historical reference as well as three contemporary proposals of dating the Passion. The initial stage was the so-called dispute over the date of Easter and it has also been presented first. Then the dynamic development of the tradition of Holy Week in the fourth century, and finally the most recent historical research covering the chronology of the Paschal events.