bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Service utilization patterns for presumed infertile women in the Islamic republic of Iran, 2004–2005
Authors: Ardalan Ali , Vahidi Serajeldin , Mohammad Kazem , Russel Mehdi 
Published: January 2010

AbstractUnderstanding the utilization pattern of infertility health and medical services can assist health system managers in providing better and more efficient care to affected population. This study aims to investigate the patterns in the utilization of infertility services in Iran.We performed a survey of 10 783 women in 28 provinces from 2004 to 2005. We used a systematic sampling method to draw a total of 400 clusters, the probability for selection being proportional to the size of the urban and rural population in each province. The categorization of the woman as “presumed infertile” was based on her own report of infertility at some time during her married life. We also studied the measures taken for the latest episode of presumed infertility. For each of these measures, we recorded the reason(s), the year in which it was taken, and the time interval separating it from contraceptive discontinuation. Data analysis, using the software package STATA 8.0, included descriptive statistics and computation of 95% confidence intervals (CI) as well as χ2 and logistic regression procedures adapted to the complex sampling design.A total of 1592 women had presumed infertility at some period after their marriage (14.8%, CI0.95 = 13.8–15.7%), and 1291 subjects had taken measures to deal with the problem (81.1%, CI0.95 = 78.7–83.5%). These rates did not show any significant differences between urban and rural women (p > 0.05). In 70% of these cases, the first measure was a visit to a specialist physician and in 70% the woman had sought care in the private sector. Visits to specialists and private health care facilities had increased over the last three decades, with fewer visits to general practitioners (GPs) and midwives and less use of self‐medication or traditional/local therapies. The most common motive for those who had not taken any treatment was their unwillingness to have their problem known and discussed by others (29.3%). The determinants of treatment‐seeking behavior were current primary infertility (OR = 4.15, CI0.95 = 2.53–6.80), higher education (OR = 1.39, CI0.95 = 1.04–1.86) and living with husband (OR = 1.83, CI0.95 = 1.01–3.32).The current study is the first attempt to present a population‐based pattern of service utilization by infertile women in Iran. It shows that for these patients, the first contact with the health system takes the form of a visit to a specialist physician, and is more likely to involve the private sector. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
So glad you came! Harm reduction therapy in community settings
Authors: Little Jeannie , Franskoviak Perri 
Published: January 2010

AbstractHarm reduction therapy was originally developed as a nonabstinence‐based method of treating people with drug and alcohol problems. In this article, we describe and apply the principles and practices of harm reduction therapy in community settings, places where people congregate for nontherapeutic reasons—street corners, community drop‐in centers, needle exchanges, and primary care clinics. Low‐threshold welcome and flexible session arrangements are defining characteristics of this community‐based approach. We have been instrumental in developing several programs, three of which are described here. These programs work with more than 1,000 clients per year, with varying levels of intensity. The programs offer drop‐in or sidewalk sessions, drop‐in support groups, regular therapy appointments, and psychiatric medications. Many impressive outcomes, such as reduction of harmful drug use, stabilization of psychiatric problems, and permanent housing, are found each year. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol: In Session 66: 1–14, 2010.
Determination of methylene blue residues in aquatic products by liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Xu Jin‐Zhong , Dai Lin , Wu Bin , Ding Tao , Zhu Jun‐Jie , Lin Hong , Chen Hui‐Lan , Shen Chong‐Yu , Jiang Yuan 
Published: January 2010

AbstractA method for the determination and confirmation of methylene blue (MB) in aquatic products was developed. Residues of MB were extracted from homogenized tissues with acetonitrile/sodium acetate buffer solution, and simply cleaned up with dichloromethane liquid/liquid extraction. After concentration and dissolution, the sample solutions were cleaned up by the neutral alumina and weak cation‐exchange solid phase extraction (SPE) cartridge, prior to LC‐MS/MS analysis. MB was determined at 1.0–20 μg/kg in eel, toasted eel and shrimp, with a limit of quantification of 0.5 μg/kg. Recovery for MB was between 73.0% and 108.3%. This method is fast, exact and sensitive. It can be applied to determine MB in aquatic products.
Determination of amitraz and 2,4‐dimethylaniline residues in honey by using LC with UV detection and MS/MS
Authors: Xu Jin‐Zhong , Miao Jian‐Jun , Lin Hong , Ding Tao , Zhao Zhen‐Yun , Wu Bin , Shen Chong‐Yu , Jiang Yuan 
Published: January 2010

AbstractA method for the determination and confirmation of amitraz and its degradation product 2,4‐dimethylaniline (2,4‐DMA) in honey is reported. Determination of the two compounds was based on HPLC with UV detection and MS/MS (LC‐MS/MS) after a liquid–liquid extraction with hexane and isopropyl alcohol. Chromatographic separation was achieved by using a C18 column with a gradient mobile phase consisting of 0.02 M ammonium acetate and ACN. Recoveries for fortified honey ranged from 83.4 to 103.4% for amitraz and from 89.2 to 104.7% for 2,4‐DMA with RSD values lower than 11.6% for HPLC and LC‐MS/MS methods. LOD was 6 μg/kg for amitraz and 8 μg/kg for 2,4‐DMA, while LOQ was 20 μg/kg for amitraz and 25 μg/kg for 2,4‐DMA in HPLC method. LOD was 1 μg/kg for amitraz and 2 μg/kg for 2,4‐DMA, while LOQ was 5 μg/kg for amitraz and 10 μg/kg for 2,4‐DMA in LC‐MS/MS method.
Optimization of dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction of Co(II) and Fe(III) as their oxinate chelates and analysis by HPLC: Application for the simultaneous determination of Co(II) and Fe(III) in water samples
Authors: Farajzadeh Mir Ali , Bahram Morteza , Vardast Mohammad Reza 
Published: January 2010

AbstractIn this study, dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction method was used for the preconcentration and simultaneous determination of Co(II) and Fe(III) in water samples as their oxinate chelates. In dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction process, methanol and chloroform were used as disperser and extracting solvents, respectively, and the ligand 8‐hydroxy quinoline was used as a chelating agent for the extraction of Co(II) and Fe(III). HPLC was applied for the quantitation of the analytes after preconcentration. An experimental design, central composite design, coupled with response surface methodology was used for the optimization of the involved experimental parameters. In addition, the effect of various experimental parameters in the extraction was investigated using one variable at a time method. The calibration graphs were linear in the range of 20–4000 μg/L with the LODs of 3 μg/L for both analytes. The RSDs for six replicate measurements of 500 μg/L of Co2+ and Fe3+ were 3.3 and 4.1%, respectively.
Simultaneous determination of nucleosides, myriocin, and carbohydrates in Cordyceps by HPLC coupled with diode array detection and evaporative light scattering detection
Authors: Wang Shuang , Yang Feng‐qing , Feng Kun , Li De‐qiang , Zhao Jing , Li Shao‐ping 
Published: January 2010

AbstractA HPLC coupled with diode array detection (DAD) and evaporative light scattering detection (ELSD) method for qualitative and quantitative analysis of eight nucleosides and nucleobases, three carbohydrates and myriocin in Cordyceps was developed. A Prevail Carbohydrate ES column was employed for the separation within 50 min. Nucleosides and their bases were tested at UV 254 nm. ELSD was connected with DAD to determine myriocin and carbohydrates. The optimum drift tube temperature of ELSD was at 94°C with the nitrogen flow rate of 2.0 L/min. All calibration curves showed good linearity (R2>0.9933) during the test ranges. The precision, repeatability, accuracy, LOD and LOQ were also fully investigated. This developed method was successfully applied to quantify 12 components, eight nucleosides and nucleobases, three carbohydrates and myriocin, in natural and cultured Cordyceps, which provides another view for quality control of Cordyceps sinensis.
III‐V/silicon photonics for on‐chip and intra‐chip optical interconnects
Authors: Roelkens G. , Liu L. , Liang D. , Jones R. , Fang A. , Koch B. , Bowers J. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractIn this paper III‐V on silicon‐on‐insulator (SOI) heterogeneous integration is reviewed for the realization of near infrared light sources on a silicon waveguide platform, suitable for inter‐chip and intra‐chip optical interconnects. Two bonding technologies are used to realize the III‐V/SOI integration: one based on molecular wafer bonding and the other based on DVS‐BCB adhesive wafer bonding. The realization of micro‐disk lasers, Fabry‐Perot lasers, DFB lasers, DBR lasers and mode‐locked lasers on the III‐V/SOI material platform is discussed.
Experimental verification of diverging mechanisms in the binding of ether, thioether, and sulfone ligands to a dirhodium tetracarboxylate
Authors: Mattiza Jens T. , Meyer Vera J. , Duddeck Helmut 
Published: January 2010

AbstractComplexation of the oxygen atom in 2‐butylphenylethers and sulfur in 2‐butylphenylthioethers to a rhodium atom in dirhodium tetracarboxylate Rh(II)2[(R)‐(+)‐MTPA]4 is compared. Oxygen atoms complex via electrostatic attraction exclusively leading to an increase in α effects on C‐2 complexation shifts in the sequence OCH3 > F > Br > NO2. However, that trend is opposite in thioethers. This can be rationalized by an additional highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO)–LUMO interaction and the response of this interaction upon complex formation shifts. Thereby, an experimental evidence was found for the existence of the HOMO–LUMO binding mechanism which has been proposed previously based on theoretical considerations and indirect spectroscopic evidence. Sulfones hardly bind to Rh(II)2[(R)‐(+)‐MTPA]4. Diastereomeric dispersion effects at 13C and 1H signals can be observed for all compounds indicating that enantiodifferentiation is easy in all classes of functionalities. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Feasibility and tolerability of bevacizumab in children with primary CNS tumors
Authors: Reismüller Bettina , Azizi Amedeo A. , Peyrl Andreas , Heinrich Monika , Gruber‐Olipitz Mariella , Luckner Doris , Rothschild Klara Vergesslich , Slavc Irene 
Published: January 2010

AbstractBackgroundBevacizumab, an antibody to the vascular endothelial growth factor, has demonstrated anti‐cancer activity in a number of solid tumors. Fear of intratumoral hemorrhage, however, has slowed its introduction into the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) tumors. Currently, only a small number of children with gliomas received bevacizumab.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 30 patients who received bevacizumab between January 2007 and August 2009. The median age at start of bevacizumab treatment was 9.9 years (range: 1.5–18). Most patients had recurrent/progressive disease, 25 high‐grade and 5 low‐grade tumors. The median dose of bevacizumab was 9.5 mg/kg (range 5–15 mg/kg) every 2–3 weeks. In total, 478 courses were administered (median/patient 15.9, range: 2–52). The median duration of bevacizumab treatment was 10.0 months (range: 1.6–30.4). Twenty‐nine of 30 patients received additional therapy concomitant to bevacizumab.ResultsNo bevacizumab related intratumoral hemorrhage occurred in any of our 30 patients. Grade III hypertension was seen in two patients. One patient developed nephrotic syndrome requiring cessation of treatment. Grade III and I proteinuria were observed in one and five patients, respectively. New onset lymphopenia occurred in 12/30 and new onset hypothyroidism in 7/30 patients. Impaired wound healing was manageable. No immediate bevacizumab‐related cardiotoxicity was observed as evidenced by echocardiography.ConclusionsBevacizumab appears to be safe for children with primary CNS tumors. Adverse effects did occur but were manageable. No treatment‐related death occurred. Long‐term monitoring is advisable to detect lymphopenia and hypothyroidism. Hypertension occurred less frequently than in adult patients. Further prospective studies including more patients are warranted. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010;54:681–686. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mcl‐1–Bim complexes accommodate surprising point mutations via minor structural changes
Authors: Fire Emiko , Gullá Stefano V. , Grant Robert A. , Keating Amy E. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractMcl‐1 is an antiapoptotic Bcl‐2‐family protein that protects cells against death. Structures of Mcl‐1, and of other anti‐apoptotic Bcl‐2 proteins, reveal a surface groove into which the α‐helical BH3 regions of certain proapoptotic proteins can bind. Despite high overall structural conservation, differences in this groove afford binding specificity that is important for the mechanism of Bcl‐2 family function. We report the crystal structure of human Mcl‐1 bound to a BH3 peptide derived from human Bim and the structures for three complexes that accommodate large physicochemical changes at conserved Bim sites. The mutations had surprisingly modest effects on complex stability, and the structures show that Mcl‐1 can undergo small changes to accommodate the mutant ligands. For example, a shift in a leucine side chain fills a hole left by an isoleucine‐to‐alanine mutation at the first hydrophobic buried position of Bim BH3. Larger changes are also observed, with shifting of helix α3 accommodating an isoleucine‐to‐tyrosine mutation at this same position. We surveyed the variation in available Mcl‐1 and Bcl‐xL structures and observed moderate flexibility that is likely critical for facilitating interactions of diverse BH3‐only proteins with Mcl‐1. With the antiapoptotic Bcl‐2 family members attracting significant attention as therapeutic targets, these structures contribute to our growing understanding of how specificity is achieved and can help to guide the design of novel inhibitors that target Mcl‐1.
Protein structure prediction enhanced with evolutionary diversity: SPEED
Authors: DeBartolo Joe , Hocky Glen , Wilde Michael , Xu Jinbo , Freed Karl F. , Sosnick Tobin R. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractFor naturally occurring proteins, similar sequence implies similar structure. Consequently, multiple sequence alignments (MSAs) often are used in template‐based modeling of protein structure and have been incorporated into fragment‐based assembly methods. Our previous homology‐free structure prediction study introduced an algorithm that mimics the folding pathway by coupling the formation of secondary and tertiary structure. Moves in the Monte Carlo procedure involve only a change in a single pair of ϕ,ψ backbone dihedral angles that are obtained from a Protein Data Bank‐based distribution appropriate for each amino acid, conditional on the type and conformation of the flanking residues. We improve this method by using MSAs to enrich the sampling distribution, but in a manner that does not require structural knowledge of any protein sequence (i.e., not homologous fragment insertion). In combination with other tools, including clustering and refinement, the accuracies of the predicted secondary and tertiary structures are substantially improved and a global and position‐resolved measure of confidence is introduced for the accuracy of the predictions. Performance of the method in the Critical Assessment of Structure Prediction (CASP8) is discussed.
Reversibly bound chloride in the atrial natriuretic peptide receptor hormone‐binding domain: Possible allosteric regulation and a conserved structural motif for the chloride‐binding site
Authors: Ogawa Haruo , Qiu Yue , Philo John S. , Arakawa Tsutomu , Ogata Craig M. , Misono Kunio S. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe binding of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) to its receptor requires chloride, and it is chloride concentration dependent. The extracellular domain (ECD) of the ANP receptor (ANPR) contains a chloride near the ANP‐binding site, suggesting a possible regulatory role. The bound chloride, however, is completely buried in the polypeptide fold, and its functional role has remained unclear. Here, we have confirmed that chloride is necessary for ANP binding to the recombinant ECD or the full‐length ANPR expressed in CHO cells. ECD without chloride (ECD(−)) did not bind ANP. Its binding activity was fully restored by bromide or chloride addition. A new X‐ray structure of the bromide‐bound ECD is essentially identical to that of the chloride‐bound ECD. Furthermore, bromide atoms are localized at the same positions as chloride atoms both in the apo and in the ANP‐bound structures, indicating exchangeable and reversible halide binding. Far‐UV CD and thermal unfolding data show that ECD(−) largely retains the native structure. Sedimentation equilibrium in the absence of chloride shows that ECD(−) forms a strongly associated dimer, possibly preventing the structural rearrangement of the two monomers that is necessary for ANP binding. The primary and tertiary structures of the chloride‐binding site in ANPR are highly conserved among receptor‐guanylate cyclases and metabotropic glutamate receptors. The chloride‐dependent ANP binding, reversible chloride binding, and the highly conserved chloride‐binding site motif suggest a regulatory role for the receptor bound chloride. Chloride‐dependent regulation of ANPR may operate in the kidney, modulating ANP‐induced natriuresis.
Packet‐based algorithms for stepping‐stone detection with chaff perturbation
Authors: Wu Han‐Ching , Huang Shou‐Hsuan Stephen 
Published: January 2010

AbstractNetwork intruders usually launch attacks indirectly by constructing a long connection via intermediary hosts, called stepping‐stones, to hide their identities. In order to detect this type of malicious behavior, it is necessary to identify whether a host has been used as a stepping‐stone. More sophisticated intruders even add extra superfluous packets, called chaff packets, to evade detection. In this paper, we introduce the packet‐based approach to detect stepping‐stones with chaff perturbation based on the range of a random walk model. Two algorithms, size‐fluctuation and transformation, are proposed for this approach to distinguish the stepping‐stone connections from the normal connections. The results show that both algorithms are able to identify the stepping‐stone connections effectively under a larger number of chaff perturbation and with fewer monitored packets than the existing methods. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A comprehensive investigation of secure location estimation techniques for WSN applications
Authors: Arisar S. H. , Kemp A. H. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractGlobally, a number of schemes have been proposed to address the challenging task of providing secure location estimation of sensor nodes (SNs) in a wireless sensor network (WSN) under adversarial conditions. The aim of this paper is to highlight this research work by analyzing the proposed solutions, highlighting their strengths and weaknesses. This work also provides an insight into the steps leading to the design of a novel optimized secure location estimation scheme. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Better security enforcement in trusted computing enabled heterogeneous wireless sensor networks
Authors: Yang Yanjiang , Zhou Jianying , Deng Robert H. , Bao Feng 
Published: January 2010

AbstractA wireless sensor network (WSN) is anad hocwireless network composed of a large number of small sensor nodes. Sensor nodes are usually severely resource limited and power constrained, and as such security enforcement in WSNs is a challenging task. To facilitate security enforcement, we propose a heterogeneous architecture for WSNs, where a WSN is partitioned into clusters, each having a high‐end cluster head. The cluster heads are further equipped with trusted computing technology (TC), such that they act as online trusted parties, thereby expected to help enforce security in a more effective manner. To show this, we discuss various examples on both content security and context security. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Copper surface enrichment of AgCu alloys
Authors: Lejček Pavel , Kovač Janez , Vaníčková Jaroslava , Děd Jiří , Samardžija Zoran , Zalar Anton 
Published: January 2010

AbstractWe summarise the X‐ray electron spectroscopy (XPS) study of changing surface composition of polycrystalline Ag–2.2 mass% Cu and Ag–5.1 mass% Cu alloys during in situ annealing at chosen temperatures ranging from 300 to 600 °C. The results show obvious surface enrichment by copper, which is different for individual alloys. The contradiction of this result to general knowledge on preferential silver segregation can be explained on basis of attractive interaction of copper with oxygen and of accelerated diffusion of copper to the surface resulting in final copper surface enrichment. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characterization of a very thin overoxidized polypyrrole membrane: application to H2O2 determination
Authors: Debiemme‐Chouvy Catherine , Gallois Maud 
Published: January 2010

AbstractIn the design of amperometric biosensor based on the electrochemical detection of enzymatically generated H2O2, an inert membrane is often present on the electrode in order to separate it from the solution to prevent interferences. The inert membrane could be an overoxidized polypyrrole film. Generally, the overoxidized polypyrrole films are obtained in two steps, the first one being the electrosynthesis of the polypyrrole film and the second one its overoxidation in an indifferent electrolyte. In this article, a new electrochemical one‐step process allowing the formation of a very thin overoxidized polypyrrole film is used. This film is characterized by SEM, XPS and cyclic voltammetry in the presence of monoelectronic reversible redox couples. Actually, the film is an electrical insulating compact layer about 10‐nm thick and pin hole free. This overoxidized polypyrrole membrane was tested on one hand for the rejection of anions and large molecules such as Fe(CN)63/4− and Ru(NH3)62/3+, respectively, and on the other hand, for the determination of hydrogen peroxide. The results show a very good efficiency of the membrane for the rejection of the redox species tested. Finally, it is shown that the membrane/Pt electrode allows quantitative electrooxidation of H2O2. Indeed, using this electrode, under potentiostatic condition, a linear response of the anodic current in function of the H2O2 electrolyte concentration was found. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.