bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing bromocriptine effects with levodopa effects on bladder function in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Uchiyama Tomoyuki , Sakakibara Ryuji , Yamamoto Tatsuya , Ito Takashi , Chiharu Yamaguchi M , Awa Yusuke , Yano Masashi , Yanagisawa Mitsuru , Kobayashi Makoto , Higuchi Yoshinori , Ichikawa Tomohiko , Yamanishi Tomonori , Hattori Takamichi , Kuwabara Satoshi 
Published: November 2009

AbstractTo evaluate the effects of bromocriptine on bladder function in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and compare these effects with those of (L‐dopa). We recruited 8 patients with PD. Urodynamic study (UDS) was performed before and 1 hour after administering 100 mgL‐dopa/decarboxylase inhibitor (DCI) and 2.5 hours after administering 7.5 mg bromocriptine. After the bromocriptine administration, urinary urgency aggravated. UDS revealed a decreased bladder volume at which detrusor overactivity (DO) was initiated, a decreased bladder volume at first sensation of bladder filling (FSV) (P< 0.05), an increased maximum Watts Factor value (WFmax) (detrusor contractility), a decreased Abrams‐Griffiths (AG) number (urethral obstruction), and a decreased postvoid residual (PVR) (P< 0.01). Similarly, after theL‐dopa administration, urinary urgency aggravated. UDS revealed an aggravated DO (P< 0.05), a decreased FSV and bladder capacity (P< 0.01, 0.05), an increased WFmax (P< 0.05), an increased AG number, and a decreased PVR (P< 0.01). A single dose of bromocriptine proved to exacerbate urinary urgency and DO in the storage phase, and improve bladder emptying through increased detrusor contractility and decreased bladder outlet obstruction, within hours. With the exception of bladder outlet obstruction, these effects of bromocriptine are similar to the effects ofL‐dopa, albeit slightly less pronounced. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society
Stereotypical hand movements in 144 subjects with Rett syndrome from the population‐based Australian database
Authors: Carter Philippa , Downs Jenny , Bebbington Ami , Williams Simon , Jacoby Peter , Kaufmann Walter E. , Leonard Helen 
Published: November 2009

AbstractStereotypic hand movements are a feature of Rett Syndrome but few studies have observed their nature systematically. Video data in familiar settings were obtained on subjects (n = 144) identified from an Australian population‐based database. Hand stereotypies were demonstrated by most subjects (94.4%), 15 categories were observed and midline wringing was seen in approximately 60% of subjects. There was a median of two stereotypies per subject but this number decreased with age. Clapping and mouthing of hands were more prevalent in girls younger than 8 years and wringing was more prevalent in women 19 years or older. Clapping was commoner in those with p.R306C and early truncating mutations, and much rarer in those with p.R106W, p.R270X, p.R168X, and p.R255X. Stereotypies tended to be less frequent in those with more severe mutations. Otherwise, there were no clear relationships between our categories of stereotypies and mutation. Approximately a quarter each had predominantly right and left handed stereotypies and for the remaining half, no clear laterality was seen. Results were similar for all cases and when restricted to those with a pathogenic mutation. Hand stereotypies changed with increasing age but limited relationships withMECP2mutations were identified. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society
A comparison of gray and white matter density in patients with Parkinson's disease dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies using voxel‐based morphometry
Authors: Lee Ji E. , Park Bosuk , Song Sook K. , Sohn Young H. , Park Hae‐Jeong , Lee Phil Hyu 
Published: November 2009

AbstractDespite clinical and neuropsychological similarities between Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), recent studies have demonstrated that structural and pathological changes are more severe in DLB than in PDD. We used voxel‐based morphometry using a 3‐T MRI scanner to compare gray and white matter densities in 20 patients with probable PDD and 18 patients with probable DLB, who had similar overall severity of dementia and similar demographic characteristics. The gray matter density was significantly decreased in the left occipital, parietal, and striatal areas in patients with DLB compared with patients with PDD. The white matter density was significantly decreased in bilateral occipital and left occipito‐parietal areas in patients with DLB compared with those with PDD. The degree of white and gray matter atrophy was similar in patients with DLB; in contrast, there was markedly less atrophy in the white matter than in the gray matter in patients with PDD. On analyzing the change of WM density relative to that of GM density in patients with DLB compared to those with PDD, the area of WM atrophy in the occipital areas was more extensive than that of GM atrophy. Our data demonstrate that atrophy of both gray and white matter was more severe in patients with DLB and that white matter atrophy relative to gray matter atrophy was less severe in patients with PDD. These data may reflect a difference in the underlying nature of PDD and DLB. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society
Mutation screening of the DYT6/THAP1 gene in Italy
Authors: Bonetti Monica , Barzaghi Chiara , Brancati Francesco , Ferraris Alessandro , Bellacchio Emanuele , Giovanetti Alessandro , Ialongo Tamara , Zorzi Giovanna , Piano Carla , Petracca Martina , Albanese Alberto , Nardocci Nardo , Dallapiccola Bruno , Bentivoglio Anna Rita , Garavaglia Barbara , Valente Enza Maria 
Published: November 2009

AbstractMutations in the THAP1 gene on chromosome 8p21‐p22 (DYT6 locus) have been recently reported as causative of autosomal dominant primary torsion dystonia (PTD) in four Amish–Mennonite families and in 12 additional probands of different ancestry. We sequenced the THAP1 gene in 158 patients with DYT1‐negative PTD who had onset of symptoms below 30 years and/or positive family history. One sporadic Greek male patient, aged 57 years, was found to carry a novel heterozygous missense variant in THAP1 exon 3 (p.Cys170Arg), of likely pathogenic significance. This subject first presented with right writer's cramp at age of 10 years and, subsequently, developed left arm dystonia and an extremely severe left laterocollis, without further spreading to other body districts. Our findings expand the genotypic spectrum of THAP1 and strengthen the association with upper body involvement, including the cranial and cervical districts that are usually spared in DYT1‐PTD. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society
Structure elucidation and NMR assignments for two xanthone derivatives from a mangrove endophytic fungus (No. ZH19)
Authors: Huang Zhongjing , Yang Ruiyun , Yin Xianhong , She Zhigang , Lin Yongcheng 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe structure elucidations and complete 1H and 13C NMR assignments are reported for two new xanthone derivatives: 1,7‐dihydroxy‐2‐methoxy‐3‐(3‐methylbut‐2‐enyl)‐9H‐xanthen‐9‐one (1) and 1‐hydroxy‐4,7‐dimethoxy‐6‐(3‐oxobutyl)‐9H‐xanthen‐9‐one (2). Both of these secondary metabolites were isolated from the fermentation medium of a mangrove endophytic fungus (No. ZH19). High‐resolution electron impact mass spectrometry (HREIMS), Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) absorption spectrometry, and NMR experiments including gCOSY, gHMQC, and gHMBC were used for the determination of the structures and NMR spectral assignments. Preliminary pharmacological test showed that compounds (1) and (2) inhibited KB cells with IC50 values of 20 and 35 µmol/ml, and KBV200 cells with IC50 values of 30 and 41 µmol/ml, respectively. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The “switching on” of mammalian spermatozoa: Molecular events involved in promotion and regulation of capacitation
Authors: Fraser Lynn R. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractFollowing the discovery of mammalian sperm capacitation and its fundamental importance for the acquisition of fertilizing potential, it has gradually become possible to identify some specific molecules and molecular events that play pivotal roles in the “switching on” of spermatozoa. These are discussed in the context of the promotion and regulation of capacitation, emphasizing differences between commonly used conditions in vitro and the environment in vivo where spermatozoa normally undergo capacitation. Although typical culture media used in vitro do support capacitation, they do not prevent capacitated cells from undergoing spontaneous acrosome reactions and so losing fertilizing potential. This is not a problem in vitro, but could be in vivo where few spermatozoa reach the site of fertilization. Several small molecules, known to be present in vivo, have been shown in vitro to bind to spermatozoa and to regulate capacitation, first accelerating capacitation and then inhibiting spontaneous acrosome reactions, by regulating cAMP production. Since spermatozoa would contact these molecules during and after ejaculation, it is plausible that they serve a similar function in vivo. The mechanisms whereby the presence or absence of decapacitation factors might alter plasma membrane architecture and so alter functionality of a number of membrane‐associated enzymes involved in capacitation are also considered. Finally, several unresolved issues relating to events during capacitation are discussed. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 77: 197–208, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nucleoli from growing oocytes support the development of enucleolated full‐grown oocytes in the pig
Authors: Kyogoku Hirohisa , Ogushi Sugako , Miyano Takashi 
Published: November 2009

AbstractRecent research has shown that the maternal nucleolus is essential for embryonic development. The morphology of the nucleolus in growing oocytes differs from that in full‐grown oocytes. We determined the ability of nucleoli from growing oocytes to substitute for nucleoli of full‐grown oocytes in terms of supporting embryonic development in this study. Growing (around 100 µm in diameter) and full‐grown porcine oocytes (120 µm) were collected from small (0.6–1.0 mm) and large antral follicles (4–5 mm), respectively. The nucleolus was aspirated from full‐grown oocytes by micromanipulation, and the resulting enucleolated oocytes were matured to metaphase II; the nucleoli originating from full‐grown and growing oocytes were then injected into the oocytes. The Chromatin of growing oocytes was aspirated with the nucleolus during the enucleolation process. Growing oocytes were thus treated with actinomycin D to release the chromatin from their nucleoli, and the nucleoli were collected and transferred to the enucleolated and matured full‐grown oocytes. After activation by electro‐stimulation, nucleoli were formed in pronuclei of sham‐operated oocytes. Enucleolated oocytes that had been injected with nucleoli from either full‐grown or growing, however, did not form any nucleoli in the pronuclei. No enucleolated oocytes developed to blastocysts, whereas enucleolated oocytes injected with nucleoli from full‐grown oocytes (15%) or growing oocytes (18%) developed to blastocysts. These results indicate that the nucleoli from growing oocytes can substitute for nucleoli from full‐grown oocytes during early embryonic development. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 77: 167–173, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Vertebrate maternal‐effect genes: Insights into fertilization, early cleavage divisions, and germ cell determinant localization from studies in the zebrafish
Authors: Lindeman Robin E. , Pelegri Francisco 
Published: November 2009

AbstractIn the earliest stages of animal development prior to the commencement of zygotic transcription, all critical cellular processes are carried out by maternally‐provided molecular products accumulated in the egg during oogenesis. Disruption of these maternal products can lead to defective embryogenesis. In this review, we focus on maternal genes with roles in the fundamental processes of fertilization, cell division, centrosome regulation, and germ cell development with emphasis on findings from the zebrafish, as this is a unique and valuable model system for vertebrate reproduction. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 77: 299–313, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The expression of leptin and its receptor during different physiological stages in the bovine ovary
Authors: Sarkar M. , Schilffarth Stefanie , Schams Dieter , Meyer Heinrich H.D. , Berisha Bajram 
Published: November 2009

AbstractLeptin, the hormonal product of the obese (ob) gene, circulates in the blood at levels paralleling those of fat reserves and regulates satiety. In cattle, leptin has also been implicated in the control of ovarian function, but its local production in the ovary and role in the control of ovarian function in autocrine/paracrine manner is unknown. The aims of this study were to document the expression of leptin and its receptor (Ob‐R) in detail in bovine corpus luteum (CL) obtained from different stages of the oestrous cycle and during pregnancy—and to determine if the leptin/Ob‐R system is expressed clearly in bovine follicles during final growth to preovulatory follicles. Real‐time RT‐PCR (qPCR) was applied to investigate mRNA expression of examined factors. In general, we demonstrated leptin and its receptor transcripts and leptin protein are consistent with in vivo luteinisation of bovine CL and decline coincidental with luteal regression. The highest co‐expression of leptin/Ob‐R system was observed in TI and GC of the smallest follicles with E2 concentration <0.5 ng/ml followed by significant down regulation in growing follicles with the increase of follicular size and E2 content in the follicular fluid. Furthermore, expression of the leptin/Ob‐R system does not show any significant variation in the CL throughout pregnancy. To conclude, our results are the first to demonstrate the possible involvement of locally produced leptin/Ob‐R system in the bovine ovary, suggesting roles in the function and/or development of the CL and growth of small follicles in an autocrine/paracrine fashion. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 77: 174–181, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Patients' perceptions of drug information given by a rheumatology nurse: A phenomenographic study
Authors: Larsson Ingrid , Arvidsson Susann , Bergman Stefan , Arvidsson Barbro 
Published: November 2009

AbstractBackground: Pain, stiffness and functional restriction of the joints are the main problems experienced by patients with inflammatory rheumatic conditions. The majority of patients with rheumatic diseases require several drugs every day. Adherence is highest among patients who have repeatedly been given drug information by a nurse from the start of the treatment. When developing patient information, it is essential to utilize patients' experiences.Objectives: The purpose of this study was to describe variations in how patients with rheumatic diseases perceive drug information given by a rheumatology nurse.Methods: The study had a descriptive qualitative design with a phenomenographic approach. Fifteen inpatients with rheumatic diseases who had received a new drug agreed to take part in the study and were interviewed.Results: Three descriptive categories emerged: autonomy, power and security. Autonomy was based on patients' experiences of taking responsibility and participating. Power meant gaining knowledge and being motivated to take the drug. Security involved trust, experiencing care and access to a rheumatology nurse.Conclusions: For patients with a rheumatic disease, drug information from a rheumatology nurse gave them autonomy, power and security. These factors could explain why information from a nurse increases adherence to drug treatment.
Quantification of brain glycogen concentration and turnover through localized 13C NMR of both the C1 and C6 resonances
Authors: van Heeswijk Ruud B. , Morgenthaler Florence D. , Xin Lijing , Gruetter Rolf 
Published: November 2009

AbstractWe have recently shown that at isotopic steady state 13C NMR can provide a direct measurement of glycogen concentration changes, but that the turnover of glycogen was not accessible with this protocol. The aim of the present study was to design, implement and apply a novel dual‐tracer infusion protocol to simultaneously measure glycogen concentration and turnover. After reaching isotopic steady state for glycogen C1 using [1‐13C] glucose administration, [1,6‐13C2] glucose was infused such that isotopic steady state was maintained at the C1 position, but the C6 position reflected 13C label incorporation. To overcome the large chemical shift displacement error between the C1 and C6 resonances of glycogen, we implemented 2D gradient based localization using the Fourier series window approach, in conjunction with time‐domain analysis of the resulting FIDs using jMRUI. The glycogen concentration of 5.1 ± 1.6 mM measured from the C1 position was in excellent agreement with concomitant biochemical determinations. Glycogen turnover measured from the rate of label incorporation into the C6 position of glycogen in the α‐chloralose anesthetized rat was 0.7 µmol/g/h. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Frequency and development of CNS involvement in Chinese children with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
Authors: Yang Shuang , Zhang Li , Jia Chenguang , Ma Honghao , Henter Jan‐Inge , Shen Kunling 
Published: November 2009

AbstractBackgroundWe investigated the characteristics, frequency, and prognosis of central nervous system (CNS) involvement in patients with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH).ProcedureNeurological manifestations were prospectively assessed in 92 children with HLH treated from January 2004 to August 2008 at our center; 82 (89%) had associated viral infections (69 Epstein–Barr virus), one empyema, while no associated disease was identified in the remaining nine. Prior to treatment, all underwent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) evaluation, brain computer tomography (CT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).ResultsAt diagnosis, 43 (47%) children had CNS involvement. Twelve patients (13%) had neurological symptoms, including seizures, ataxia, coma, cranial nerve palsy, and hemiplegia. All patients improved after 8 weeks of therapy, but one later developed progressive neurological symptoms and six discontinued therapy due to progressive systemic symptoms and/or other reasons. Fifteen patients had CSF abnormalities that all normalized completely after 6 weeks of treatment. Thirty‐six patients (39%) had neuroradiological abnormalities; with 5 still under treatment, 15 lost to follow‐up, and 16 followed after completion of therapy. Of these 16, 12 improved, 3 were unchanged, and 1 progressed. Among all 21 children with CNS involvement followed after completion of therapy, 10 recovered completely, 10 improved (3 had remaining neuroradiological abnormalities), and 1 progressed clinically and neuroradiologically.ConclusionMost patients reported here suffered from secondary HLH and since CNS involvement is frequent in HLH, brain MRI at diagnosis is recommended in all HLH patients. Clinical and CSF abnormalities often improved within 8 weeks of therapy, but CT/MRI abnormalities normalized more slowly and less frequently. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010;54:408–415. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Neurodegenerative central nervous system Langerhans cell histiocytosis and coincident hydrocephalus treated with vincristine/cytosine arabinoside
Authors: Allen Carl E. , Flores Ricardo , Rauch Ronald , Dauser Robert , Murray Jeffrey C. , Puccetti Diane , Hsu David A. , Sondel Paul , Hetherington Maxine , Goldman Stan , McClain Kenneth L. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractBackgroundCentral nervous system (CNS) complications of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) include mass lesions and a neurodegenerative (ND) syndrome with ataxia, dysarthria, dysmetria, learning and behavior difficulties and/or characteristic changes on brain MRIs. Hydrocephalus has rarely been reported in LCH. LCH lesions of the orbit, mastoid and temporal bones (“CNS‐Risk” lesions) and diabetes insipidus predispose patients to ND‐CNS‐LCH. Treatment options have been limited and only a case series using trans‐retinoic acid (ATRA) and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) have been published.MethodsWe have used cytosine arabinoside (ARA‐C) with or without vincristine to treat eight patients with ND‐CNS LCH. Patients: Seven male children and one young adult male with clinical and radiologic ND‐CNS‐LCH were treated with a regimen of vincristine 1.5 mg/m2 on day 1 and ARA‐C 100 mg/m2 daily for 5 days or ARA‐C alone monthly for 4–19 months. Seven patients were evaluated with an ataxia rating scale (ARS) and all with serial MRIs of the brain.ResultsFive of seven patients had decreases in their ARS scores and/or decreased T2 hyperintense lesions on MRI images. Grade 2 neutropenia was the most frequent adverse event. Vincristine‐associated neuropathy occurred in two patients. Hydrocephalus caused symptoms and signs that confounded the diagnosis and management of ND‐CNS‐LCH in all four patients affected with both.ConclusionsSubtle changes in neurologic function may be complicated by hydrocephalus. Vcr/ARA‐C or ARA‐C were an effective therapies for some ND‐CNS LCH patients. A clinical trial using this and possibly other modalities such as IVIG or ATRA should be done. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010;54:416–423. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Trilateral retinoblastoma: Potentially curable with intensive chemotherapy
Authors: Dunkel Ira J. , Jubran Rima F. , Gururangan Sri , Chantada Guillermo L. , Finlay Jonathan L. , Goldman Stewart , Khakoo Yasmin , O'Brien Joan M. , Orjuela Manuela , Rodriguez‐Galindo Carlos , Souweidane Mark M. , Abramson David H. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractBackgroundTrilateral retinoblastoma has been lethal in virtually all cases previously reported. We describe a series of 13 patients treated with intensive chemotherapy, defined as the intention to include high‐dose chemotherapy with autologous hematopoietic stem cell rescue.ProcedureInduction chemotherapy generally included vincristine, cisplatin or carboplatin, cyclophosphamide, and etoposide. Hematopoietic stem cells typically were harvested after the first or second cycle of induction chemotherapy, usually from peripheral blood. High‐dose chemotherapy regimens were thiotepa‐based (n = 7) or melphalan and cyclophosphamide (n = 3).ResultsTrilateral sites were pineal (n = 11) and suprasellar (n = 2); 7 patients had localized (M‐0) disease and six had leptomeningeal dissemination (M‐1+). Five patients had trilateral retinoblastoma at original diagnosis of intra‐ocular retinoblastoma; eight later developed trilateral disease at a median of 35 months (range 3–60 months) following diagnosis of intra‐ocular retinoblastoma. One patient died of toxicity (septicemia and multi‐organ system failure) during induction and three developed disease progression prior to high‐dose chemotherapy. Nine patients received high‐dose chemotherapy at a median of 5 months (range 4–9) post‐diagnosis of trilateral disease. Five patients survive event‐free at a median of 77 months (range 36–104 months) and never received external beam radiation therapy. Four of seven patients with M‐0 disease survive event‐free versus only one of six patients with M‐1+ disease.ConclusionsIntensive chemotherapy is potentially curative for some patients with trilateral retinoblastoma, especially those with M‐0 disease Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010;54:384–387. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.