bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biphasic effects of chronic ethanol exposure on insulin‐stimulated glucose uptake in primary cultured rat skeletal muscle cells: role of the Akt pathway and GLUT4
Authors: Qu Wei , Zhao Lina , Peng Xiaolin , Yang Xuefeng , Ying Chenjiang , Hao Liping , Sun Xiufa 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBackgroundMild or moderate chronic alcohol intake has been shown to be associated with increased insulin sensitivity, while chronic alcohol abuse demonstrates a contrary effect. The mechanism underlying this biphasic effect has not yet been clarified. We investigated whether chronic ethanol exposure mediates biphasic changes on insulin sensitivity and whether the phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase/Akt pathway is involved in vitro.MethodsPrimary cultured rat skeletal muscle cells were exposed to ethanol (0–400 mM) for 24 h. Insulin sensitivity was assessed by the 3H‐labelled 2‐deoxyglucose uptake assay.Phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase, cytosol and cell membrane glucose transporter‐4 (GLUT4), as well as the Akt phosphorylated form, were analyzed by Western blots.ResultsBiphasic effects of ethanol on insulin sensitivity were observed in primary cultured skeletal muscle cells in a dose‐dependent manner. Compared with the untreated group, 50 and 100 mM concentrations of ethanol resulted in a significant increase in 2‐deoxyglucose uptake by 29 and 28%, respectively, while higher concentrations of ethanol (200, 400 mM) showed a significant decrease in 2‐deoxyglucose uptake by 28 and 47%, respectively. The changes in glucose transport activity were in line with the changes in Akt Ser473 phosphorylation and GLUT4 expression in an ethanol dose‐dependent biphasic manner. The phosphorylation of Akt and GLUT4 protein contents were up‐regulated after treatment with low concentrations of ethanol (50, 100 mM) and down‐regulated with high concentrations of ethanol (200, 400 mM) for 24 h.ConclusionEthanol mediates biphasic changes on insulin sensitivity at least in part via the Akt pathway and GLUT4 expression. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Association of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PPARGC1A) gene polymorphisms and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta‐analysis
Authors: Yang Ying , Mo Xingbo , Chen Shufeng , Lu Xiangfeng , Gu Dongfeng 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBackgroundThe association between peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PPARGC1A) polymorphisms and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been investigated in several studies, but these studies yielded contradictory results. We conducted a meta‐analysis to assess the association between three polymorphisms (Gly482Ser, Thr394Thr and Thr612Met) in PPARGC1A and T2DM.MethodsA literature‐based search was conducted to collect data. The additive model was chosen to investigate the association between the three polymorphisms and T2DM. The random effects model was used if there was heterogeneity between studies. In addition, subgroup meta‐analyses were made according to the ethnic groups.ResultsTwenty‐three studies were enrolled in this meta‐analysis (7539 cases and 9562 controls for Gly482Ser, 1818 cases and 2376 controls for Thr394Thr, 2042 cases and 1289 controls for Thr612Met). In the combined analysis of all eligible studies, a significant association was found between Gly482Ser, Thr394Thr and T2DM with pooled odds ratios 1.19 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05–1.34] and 1.33 (95% CI 1.04–1.70), respectively, but great heterogeneity was found between studies. In the subgroup meta‐analyses, we found that Gly482Ser and Thr394Thr polymorphisms were associated with the risk of T2DM, and the pooled odds ratios were 1.66 (95% CI 1.28–2.15) and 1.72 (95% CI 1.45–2.03), respectively, in the Indian population; no significant evidence was found in the Caucasian and East Asian populations.ConclusionsThis meta‐analysis indicated that Gly482Ser and Thr394Thr polymorphisms of PPARGC1A gene were significantly associated with the risk of T2DM, especially in the Indian population. No relationship was found between the Thr612Met and risk of T2DM. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characterization of microbial contaminants in urine
Authors: Ojanperä Suvi , Leinonen Antti , Apajalahti Juha , Lauraeus Marko , Alaja Susanna , Moisander Teija , Kettunen Anu 
Published: November 2010

AbstractModern, molecular microbiological methods were applied to urine samples from control subjects and athletes for characterization of the microbial community. High abundance of lactobacilli, enterococci, and enterobacteria was detected in urine samples, suggesting that gastrointestinal and urogenital tracts act as contamination sources. Athlete samples, but not control samples, showed an abundance of pseudomonads, a bacterial group reported to metabolize steroids. Overall, the bacteria detected are known to be capable of altering steroid profiles, emphasizing the importance of good hygiene at sampling in reliable doping control. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ecohydrologic impact of reduced stomatal conductance in forests exposed to elevated CO2
Authors: Warren Jeffrey M. , Pötzelsberger Elisabeth , Wullschleger Stan D. , Thornton Peter E. , Hasenauer Hubert , Norby Richard J. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractPlants influence ecosystem water balance through their physiological, phenological, and biophysical responses to environmental conditions, and their sensitivity to climate change could alter the ecohydrology of future forests. Here we use a combination of measurements, synthesis of existing literature, and modelling to address the consequences of climate change on ecohydrologic processes in forests, especially response to elevated CO2 (eCO2). Data assessed from five free‐air CO2 enrichment (FACE) sites reveal that eCO2‐reduced stomatal conductance led to declines in canopy transpiration and stand water use in three closed‐canopy forest sites. The other two sites were in the early stages of stand development, where a strong eCO2‐stimulation of canopy leaf area led to enhanced stand water use. In the sweetgum FACE experiment in Oak Ridge, Tennessee (USA), eCO2 reduced seasonal transpiration by 10–16%. Intra‐annual peak measured fluxes in transpiration ranged from 4·0–5·5 mm day−1, depending on year. The Biome‐BGC model simulated similar rates of transpiration at this site, including the relative reductions in response to eCO2. As a result, simulations predict ∼75 mm average annual increase in potential water yield in response to eCO2. The direct effect of eCO2 on forest water balance through reductions in transpiration could be considerable, especially following canopy closure and development of maximal leaf area index. Complementary, indirect effects of eCO2 include potential increases in root or leaf litter and soil organic matter, shifts in root distribution, and altered patterns of water extraction. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modelling the artificial recharge of a wetland and its influence on regional hydrological process in China: a case study
Authors: Wang Mingna , Wang Hao , Qin Dayong , Lu Chuiyu , Li Yunpeng 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWetlands are constantly affected by human activities such as landscaping, additional abstractions, and changes in catchment imperviousness, resulting in the reduction of wetland area and degeneration of water quality. Modelling of such anthropogenic factors should be explicitly considered, in order to provide better understanding of the hydrological impacts of wetland restoration. In this paper, the wetland module in a distributed hydrological model, SWAT, is modified to simulate the artificial water input to the designated wetlands. The impact and effect of recharging wetlands on local hydrological cycle, sea outflow and estuary ecology is discussed. The Qingdianwa depression, located in the north of Tianjin city, China, is used as a case study to investigate the effect of human activities on the natural eco‐hydrological process as well as different restoration schemes.Water balance analysis shows that there is a significant shortage of water in the drier months, which also indicates that an external water source is required for wetland restoration. The selected restoration scheme of 0·8 m depth is effective in controlling runoff, whereas a depth of 1 m and above is required for maintaining the basic ecological function of the wetland. Such a scheme has an additional effect of increasing the average surface runoff and groundwater recharge during non‐flood seasons by 37·65 and 45·4 million m3, respectively, which illustrated the importance of wetland restoration on local runoff, groundwater recharge and local ecology. The proposed method demonstrated that it is possible to select wetland restoration schemes that are beneficial to both hydrology and ecology. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Significant variation in vegetation characteristics and dynamics from ecohydrological optimality of net carbon profit
Authors: Dekker Stefan C. , Vrugt Jasper A. , Elkington Rebecca J. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractRecent contributions to the ecological literature have questioned the continued usefulness of the classical model calibration paradigm in estimating parameters in coupled ecohydrological models. Schymanski (2007) and Schymanski et al. (2007, 2008) have demonstrated that the assumption of vegetation optimality precludes the need for site‐specific data for estimating vegetation properties, transpiration fluxes, and CO2 assimilation. The goal of this article is twofold. We first show that significant advances in optimality‐based vegetation modelling can be made if we embrace a novel concept of stochastic optimization that includes explicit recognition of parameter uncertainty. We adapted the original Vegetation Optimality Model (VOM) to a multi‐layer soil and canopy vegetation optimality model, VOMmlsc with dynamically varying throughfall fraction. The DiffeRential Evolution Adaptive Metropolis (DREAM) algorithm is used to find parameter values with high values of net carbon profit (NCP), a proxy for biological fitness. We then show that significant variability exists in optimized vegetation properties and primarily transpiration fluxes from optimality of NCP. Seemingly, a myriad of vegetation species is possible that results in optimal values of NCP. Using data from a Douglas‐fir plantation in The Netherlands, we found relative poor correspondence between modelled and measured ET and CO2‐fluxes. The fitting of these two fluxes and values of the model parameters can be much improved when VOMmlsc is calibrated directly against these respective observations. Yet, the NCP values derived this way deviate considerably from their maximum possible value. This challenges the appropriateness of current weights to aggregate the various carbon costs and benefits into a single NCP scalar. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Novel Approach for the Synthesis of Furopyrimidine and Oxobenzofuran Derivatives
Authors: Bayat Mohammad , Shiraz Nader Zabarjad , Hosseini Seyyed Hajar 
Published: November 2010

AbstractA novel, efficient one‐pot approach for the synthesis of furopyrimidine and oxobenzofuran derivatives 4 by a multicomponent reaction of an isocyanide, an aldehyde, and a CH‐acid compound in CH2Cl2 is reported (Scheme 1 and Table). The reactions were completed after 20 h at room temperature. This method has the advantages of high yields, simple methodology, and easy workup.
Two New Citrinin Dimers from a Volcano Ash‐Derived Fungus, Penicillium citrinum HGY1‐5
Authors: Liu Hong‐Chun , Du Lin , Zhu Tian‐Jiao , Li De‐Hai , Geng Mei‐Yu , Gu Qian‐Qun 
Published: November 2010

AbstractTwo new citrinin dimers, penidicitrinin A ((2R,3S,5aS,9R,10S,12aR,12bR)‐2,3,5a,6,9,10,12a,12b‐octahydro‐7,12a‐dihydroxy‐12b‐methoxy‐2,3,4,9,10,11‐hexamethyl‐5H‐difuro[2,3‐b : 2′,3′‐h]xanthen‐5‐one; 1) and penidicitrinin B ((1S,3R,4S)‐1‐{2,6‐dihydroxy‐4‐[(1S,2R)‐2‐hydroxy‐1‐methylpropyl]‐3‐methylphenyl}‐3,4‐dihydro‐3,4,5‐trimethyl‐1H‐2‐benzopyran‐6,8‐diol; 2), together with three known citrinin monomers were isolated from a volcano ash‐derived fungus, Penicillium citrinum HGY1‐5. Their structures were established by spectroscopic methods, and they showed no cytotoxicity against two tumor cell lines.
Four New Lignan Glycosides from Osmanthus fragransLour. var. aurantiacusMakino
Authors: Machida Koichi , Yamauchi Megumi , Kurashina Eriko , Kikuchi Masao 
Published: November 2010

AbstractFour new tetrahydrofuranoid lignan glycosides, (7S,8R,7′R,8′S)‐4,9,4′,7′‐tetrahydroxy‐3,3′‐dimethoxy‐7,9′‐epoxylignan 9‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (2), (7R,8S,7′S,8′R)‐4,9,4′,7′‐tetrahydroxy‐3,3′‐dimethoxy‐7,9′‐epoxylignan 9‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (3), (7R,8S,7′R,8′S)‐4,9,4′,9′‐tetrahydroxy‐3,3′‐dimethoxy‐7,7′‐epoxylignan 9‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (4), and rel‐(7R,8S,7′S,8′R)‐4,9,4′,9′‐tetrahydroxy‐3,3′‐dimethoxy‐7,7′‐epoxylignan 9‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (5), and ten known lignan glycosides, 1 and 6–14, were isolated from the leaves of Osmanthus fragrans Lour. var. aurantiacus Makino. Their structures were established on the basis of spectral and chemical studies.
New Sphingolipids and Other Constituents of Pancovia laurentii
Authors: Tantangmo Ferdinand , Lenta Bruno Ndjakou , Ngouela Silvère , Kamdem Louis Marie , Weniger Bernard , Tsamo Etienne , Lobstein Annelise , Vonthron‐Sénécheau Catherine 
Published: November 2010

AbstractPhytochemical investigation of the bark and leaves of Pancovia laurentii (Sapindaceae) resulted in the isolation of a new ceramide and a new cerebroside, named pancoviamide (1), and pancovioside (2) respectively, together with six known compounds: uracil, (R)‐N‐[(1S,2S,3R)‐2,3‐dihydroxy‐1‐(hydroxymethyl)heptadec‐5‐en‐1‐yl]‐2‐hydroxytetracosanamide, stigmasta‐7,22‐dien‐3‐ol, β‐stitosterol, β‐sitosterol 3‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside, and 2,3‐dihydroxypropyl pentadecanoate. The structures of 1 and 2 were determined by means of spectroscopic methods. Compounds 1 and 2 were tested in vitro for their antiprotozoal properties against several protozoa and for their cytotoxicity.
Piepunine, A Novel Bis‐diterpenoid Alkaloid from the Roots of Aconitum piepunense
Authors: Cai Le , Song Lei , Chen Qiao‐Hong , Liu Xiao‐Yu , Wang Feng‐Peng 
Published: November 2010

AbstractFurther investigation on the roots of Aconitum piepunense led to the isolation of a novel bis‐diterpenoid alkaloid designated as piepunine (1). Its structure was established by extensive interpretation of its 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR data, high‐resolution ESI‐MS, and IR spectra. Piepunine represents the first example of an atisine–denudatine‐type bis‐diterpenoid alkaloids.
Three New C21 Steroidal Glycosides from the Stems of Marsdenia tenacissima
Authors: Zhang An‐Yuan , Huang Xin , Tan Ai‐Min , Yang Shi‐Bo , Zhang Hua 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThree new glycosides, (3β,5α,8α,11α,12β,14β,17α,20R)‐3‐[(2,6‐dideoxy‐4‐O‐(6‐deoxy‐3‐O‐methyl‐β‐D‐allopyranosyl)‐3‐O‐methyl‐β‐D‐arabino‐hexopyranosyl)oxy]‐12‐O‐tigloyl‐8,20 : 11,20‐diepoxypregnane‐12,14‐diol (1), (3β,5α,8α,11α,12β,14β,17α,20R)‐3‐[(2,6‐dideoxy‐4‐O‐(6‐deoxy‐3‐O‐methyl‐β‐D‐ allopyranosyl)‐3‐O‐methyl‐β‐D‐arabino‐hexopyranosyl)oxy]‐12‐O‐(2‐methylbutanoyl)‐8,20 : 11,20‐diepoxypregnane‐12,14‐diol (2), and (3β,5α,11α,12β,14β,17α)‐12‐acetoxy‐3‐[(2,6‐dideoxy‐4‐O‐(6‐deoxy‐3‐O‐methyl‐β‐D‐allopyranosyl)‐3‐O‐methyl‐β‐D‐arabino‐hexopyranosyl)oxy]‐20‐oxo‐8,14‐epoxypregnan‐ 11‐yl isobutyrate (3) were isolated from the stems of Marsdenia tenacissima. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by means of spectral data, including HR‐ESI‐MS, and 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR.
Taguchi‐numerical approach on thermomechanical reliability for PBGA
Authors: Yang Ping , Tan Guangbin 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe aim of this article is to provide a systematic numerical experimental method to evaluate the thermomechanical reliability of plastic ball grid array (PBGA) under thermal cycling based on the Taguchi method. An L18(21 × 37) orthogonal array is designed for selecting eight control factors of BGA, which includes Printed Circuit Board) dimensions, substrate dimensions, dimensions of solder joints, the thickness of silicon die and the thickness of encapsulation molding compound. The Taguchi method evaluation shows that the best matching combination of geometry parameters for improving the reliability of solder under thermal cycling. It builds a basis for future work for design and reliability evaluation of PBGA packaging. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The role of urgency, frequency, and nocturia in defining overactive bladder adaptive behavior
Authors: Minassian Vatche , Stewart Walter , Hirsch Annemarie , Kolodner Ken , Fitzgerald Mary , Burgio Kathryn , Cundiff Geoffrey , Blaivas Jerry , Newman Diane , Dilley Anne 
Published: November 2010

AbstractAimTo determine the relation between urgency alone, or in combination with frequency and nocturia, and adaptive behavior in overactive bladder (OAB) syndrome.MethodsWe used survey data from the General Longitudinal Overactive Bladder Evaluation (GLOBE) of primary care patients over 40. Participants (n = 2,752: 1,557 females; 1,195 males) completed the same survey at two time points, 6 months apart. Questions assessed OAB symptoms and adaptive behavior. We estimated correlation coefficients (R2) between urgency, frequency, and nocturia symptom scores (alone and in combination) and adaptive behavior measures at baseline and change in symptom scores and behavioral measures from baseline to 6 months.ResultsAt baseline, urgency was the dominant predictor of all behavioral measures for females (R2 = 0.19–0.48) and males (R2 = 0.15–0.39). Lower R2 values were observed for the change in measures from baseline to 6 months, but again change in urgency was the strongest predictor of change in adaptive behavior (R2 = 0.04–0.13 in females, and 0.02–0.08 in males). The correlation between symptoms and measures of adaptive behavior was almost completely explained by the urgency score. Frequency and nocturia did not substantially improve the overall correlation.ConclusionThe relation between measures of OAB symptoms and adaptive behavior at baseline and over time are largely explained by urgency, not by frequency and nocturia. Neurourol. Urodynam. 30:406–411, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Transvaginal mesh repair of pelvic organ prolapse by the transobturator‐infracoccygeal hammock technique: Long‐term anatomical and functional outcomes
Authors: Sergent Fabrice , Resch Benoît , Al‐Khattabi Maysoon , Ricbourg Aude , Schaal Jean‐Patrick , Marpeau Loïc 
Published: November 2010

AbstractAimsTo evaluate long‐term anatomical and functional outcomes of the transobturator‐infracoccygeal hammock repair for complex genital prolapse with a porcine collagen‐coated polypropylene mesh.MethodsA prospective observational study comparing pre‐ and postoperative outcomes, using pelvic organ prolapse quantification (POP‐Q) measurements, pelvic floor distress inventory (PFDI), and pelvic floor impact questionnaire (PFIQ) scores.ResultsOne hundred fourteen women with recurrent, advanced, or posthysterectomy genital prolapse were enrolled. During follow‐up (median value 57 months), 101 patients were available for assessment. Overall anatomical success rate was 96%, with significant improvement in quality‐of‐life. Three patients experienced symptomatic recurrent posterior prolapse. Seven had persistent stress urinary incontinence. Mesh exposure occurred in 6.9% of cases, including an infected hematoma that required partial excision of the mesh. No severe adverse event or change in sexual function was observed.ConclusionsThe transobturator‐infracoccygeal hammock is well tolerated with effective long‐term anatomical and functional results for complex genital prolapse. In our experience and compared to the data of the literature, the use of collagen‐coated versus uncoated polypropylene meshes seems to decrease local morbidity. Neurourol. Urodynam. 30:384–389, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Therapy and outcome of primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the jaw
Authors: Bakhshi Sameer , Pathania Subha , Mohanti B.K. , Thulkar Sanjay , Thakar Alok 
Published: November 2010

AbstractData pertaining to outcomes in jaw primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) are lacking. Eleven cases of jaw PNET (five maxillary and six mandibular) were treated at our cancer center with the same chemotherapeutic agents from June 2003 to January 2009. Four patients underwent surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and all received local radiotherapy. At median follow‐up of 56 months (range: 19–77 months), 7/11 patients are in sustained remission. There was no difference in outcome with respect to site of tumor, and whether surgery was performed or not. These results support the use of chemoradiation as initial modality of treatment rather than going for extensive and mutilating surgery. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011;56:477–481. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Molecular diagnosis and targeted therapy of a pediatric chronic eosinophilic leukemia patient carrying TPM3‐PDGFRB Fusion
Authors: Li Zhipeng , Yang Rong , Zhao Jiangning , Yuan Ruirong , Lu Quanyi , Li Qingge , Tse William 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWe report a rare pediatric chronic eosinophilic leukemia (CEL) case of an 8‐year‐old male whose leukemic cells carried t(1; 5)(q21; q33) chromosomal abnormality. Sequencing analysis confirmed a TPM3‐PDGFRB fusion, and the breakpoint was the same as adult patient. Targeted therapy with imatinib induced a rapid hematologic response and reduction of TPM3‐PDGFRB transcripts as monitored by reverse transcription real‐time PCR (RT‐qPCR). We then established an RT‐qPCR assay applicable to detection of all possible PDGFRB fusions and also validated this assay in the patient. These data should provide a valuable reference for management of pediatric CEL. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011;56:463–466. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Improved efficacy and tolerability of oral deferasirox by twice‐daily dosing for patients with transfusion‐dependent β‐thalassemia
Authors: Chang Hsiu‐Hao , Lu Meng‐Yao , Liao Yu‐Mei , Lin Pei‐Chin , Yang Yung‐Li , Lin Dong‐Tsamn , Chiou Shyh‐Shin , Jou Shiann‐Tarng , Lin Kai‐Hsin , Chang Tai‐Tsung 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBackgroundDeferasirox is an oral iron‐chelating agent taken once‐daily by patients with transfusion‐dependent iron overload. However, some patients are unresponsive or unable to tolerate once‐daily deferasirox. The current study evaluated whether twice‐daily deferasirox treatment showed increased efficacy or tolerability in unresponsive or intolerant patients.ProcedurePatients from two Taiwanese hospitals with transfusion‐dependent β‐thalassemia, including those who showed increasing serum ferritin levels for six consecutive months, with at least one level >2,500 ng/dl, while treated with >30 mg/kg/day of once‐daily deferasirox (unresponsive) or developed deferasirox‐related adverse events (AEs) at the dosage required to maintain the iron burden balance (intolerant) and were treated twice‐daily with the same total daily dose of deferasirox since 2008, were enrolled in the study and evaluated retrospectively by medical record review.ResultsEighteen patients were included for analysis. A statistically significant median decrease in serum ferritin levels was detected in the 11 unresponsive patients after 6 months of continuous twice‐daily deferasirox treatment. Five out of the seven intolerant patients experienced either no deferasirox‐related AEs or less severe AEs. The 12 patients from both groups (11 unresponsive, 1 intolerant) who received continuous twice‐daily deferasirox for 6 months showed a mild but significant median increase in serum creatinine levels.ConclusionsTwice‐daily deferasirox dosing is effective in iron chelation and improves tolerability in transfusion‐dependent β‐thalassemia patients who are unresponsive to or intolerant of once‐daily deferasirox. Future studies with greater patient numbers will be required to confirm the results reported herein. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011;56:420–424. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.