bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ionic Liquid Enabled Transparent Heterogeneous Elastomers for Soft Electronics
Authors: Chen Weilong , Qiao Zihao , Wang Caiyan , Li Bin , Ding Shujiang , Shi Lei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDielectric elastomer (DE), as an electrically active soft material, has enabled stretchable electronics, electronic skins, artificial muscles, biomimetic soft robots, and non‐magnetic motors. High permittivity is urgently desired for increasing the sensitivity of DE sensors and lowering the driving voltage of DE actuators. However, existing efforts for significantly enhanced permittivity is usually achieved at the expense of transparency of the DE by compositing external fillers, which limits the applications in optoelectronics, such as displays, touch screens, artificial eyes, etc. Here, by utilizing of transparent functional filler, ionic liquid micro‐droplet, and precise matching the refractive index with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomer matrix, heterogeneous composites with high transparency and high permittivity are obtained simultaneously. The composites are transparent in the visible range (transmittance, 80%–95%). The permittivity reaches up to 22, which is more than seven times higher than the original value of the elastomer matrix. Moreover, the arbitrary deformability of ionic liquid filler endows the composites with better stretchability (300%) and much lower elastic modulus (0.5 MPa, about a quarter the value of PDMS), which is beneficial for soft electronics. Based on the as‐prepared high‐performance composites, high sensitivity and transparent soft sensors and touch panels have been realized, as well as wireless transmission of sensing signals.
Metalorganic Polyhedra Polyoxometalate Hybrid Salts for Tandem Photooxidative‐Hydrolytic Pesticide Detoxification
Authors: Perona‐Bermejo Cristina , Vismara Rebecca , Padial Natalia M. , Almora‐Barrios Neyvis , Maldonado Carmen R. , Bandosz Teresa J. , Garrido‐Barros Pablo , Carmona Francisco J. , Navarro Jorge A. R. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe extensive use of pesticides to ensure global food production presents significant threats to both human health and the environment. In this study, the photochemical, redox, and acid‐base properties of Zr‐metal‐organic polyhedra (Zr‐MOP) and polyoxometalates (POM) are utilized to fabricate functional hybrid salts, denoted as [Zr‐MOP][POM], designed for pesticide detoxification. Upon light irradiation, [Zr‐MOP][POM] salts generate a charge‐separated state with oxidizing properties. This activated state selectively photooxidizes highly toxic and persistent fenamiphos into fenamiphos sulfoxide and subsequently hydrolytically breaks down it into non‐toxic 3‐methyl‐4‐(methylsulfinyl)phenol and phosphate components. The hydrolytic degradation of fenamiphos is facilitated by the reduced basicity of the 3‐methyl‐4‐(methylsulfinyl)phenolate residue (ΔpKb = ‐2.4) in the photooxidized form of the pesticide molecule. Furthermore, the hybrid salts demonstrate efficacy in the breakdown of multicomponent pesticide mixtures such as fenamiphos and methylparaoxon.
Optimizing Adsorption‐Redox Sites and Charge Transfer of Ternary Polymer Photocatalyst with P─N Linkage for CO2 Conversion Coupled with Antibiotics Removal
Authors: Wang Mengmeng , Zhang Guping , Dong Shihong , Li Najun , Xu Qingfeng , Li Hua , Lu Jianmei , Chen Dongyun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe rational design of bifunctional photocatalysts with high adsorption and enrichment characteristics and excellent photocatalytic redox activity is an effective way to address environmental pollution and energy shortage crisis. In this study, cyclophosphazene‐derived porous organic polymer (PCPD) microspheres with P─N linkage are coated with graphene oxide (GO) and loaded with Ag0 nanoparticles (NPs) to prepare covalently bonded xAg‐rGO/PCPD composites. The catalyst with the highest specific surface area (denoted as 2.5Ag‐rGO/PCPD) shows excellent adsorption capacity for fluoroquinolone antibiotics, removing 96.2% of ciprofloxacin (CIP) through adsorption. By applying the catalyst with the best photocatalytic redox activity (denoted as 5Ag‐rGO/PCPD), 82.97% of refractory sulfonamide antibiotics are removed through adsorption‐degradation, and 635.3 µmol g−1 of CO and 162.3 µmol g−1 of CH4 are generated as products of CO2 photoreduction alone. Among the co‐catalytic systems, the highest CO yield of 9.16 µmol g−1 is obtained by coupling CO2 reduction with levofloxacin (LVX) degradation to harness the electron‐donating power of the pollutant molecule. This study is expected to provide useful guidance for the rational design of bifunctional photocatalysts.
Fabrication of Metal Nuclear Acid Framework to Enable Carrier‐Free MNAzyme Self‐Delivery for Gastric Cancer Treatment
Authors: Ma Xiaodong , Yan Jiaqi , Zhou Gongting , Li Yuanqiang , Ran Meixin , Li Chengcheng , Chen Xiaodong , Sun Weijian , Zhang Hongbo , Shen Xian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMulti‐component deoxyribozymes (MNAzymes) have shown extraordinary potential in precise gene therapy in vitro, however, the in vivo application is limited by complicated delivery systems. Herein, a novel DNA‐metal binding mechanism is discovered, and metal‐nucleic acid frameworks (MNFs) are built composed of MNAzymes and metal ions, which enable the carrier‐free self‐delivery of MNAzymes. Metal ions have a high affinity to DNA, however, the binding of metals with DNA at 20–30 base pair long (that normally a MNAzyme has) to form MNF structure is challenged by stringent high‐temperature synthesis conditions, poor stability of the products, and lack of targeting capabilities. While, it is discovered that through folding and entanglement of the MNAzyme with an aptamer tail, and prolonging the sequence to 71 base pair, the metal MNAzymes binding is significantly improved and stabilized to MNF structure even at room temperature. Moreover, the aptamer tail also endows MNFs with targeting capabilities. As proof of concept, a carrier‐free Ca/MNAzyme delivery system at room temperature, loaded with the model imaging protein BSA‐Cy5 is synthesized. This system can effectively target Her‐2 positive gastric cancer cells with the Her‐2 responsive aptamer tail and initiate dual gene regulation, thereby inducing energy depletion in cancer cells.
Customized Hydrogel Films for MicroRNA Super‐Resolution Imaging in Liquid Biopsies
Authors: Lee Mirae , Woo Jiwon , Kim Kyoung‐Tae , Moon Seul‐A , Park Hyeong Cheon , Kim Tae Yeon , Park Jeong‐Yoon 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTissue biopsy for early diagnosis and monitoring comes with several challenges, such as its invasiveness, and issues related to tissue heterogeneity in sampling. To address these issues, researchers have proposed a noninvasive approach called liquid biopsy, which uses blood samples to detect specific noncoding RNA (microRNA, miRNA). However, the current process of isolating and amplifying miRNA can be time‐consuming and yield nonspecific results. In this study, a new super‐resolution imaging tool is introduced that utilizes a thin, hydrogel‐based liquid view (LV) film. This film can undergo a ninefold expansion and allows the analysis of cells obtained from liquid biopsy. The potential of the LV film is validated as a tool for early diagnosis and prognosis by testing biofluids derived from a variety of diseases. This method is confirmed to accurately analyze a greater number of miRNAs with higher sensitivity in a shorter time compared to other analytical methods. These findings suggest that the LV film provides high specificity, and multiplexing in detecting small amounts of miRNAs within cells, making it suitable for 3D implementation. It is proposed that liquid biopsy with LV films can be a solution to limitations related to the invasiveness, cost, and time‐consuming nature of molecular analysis.
Bismuth Chelate‐Mediated Digital Subtraction Angiography
Authors: Wang Jiaojiao , Fu Dianxun , Tang Cong , Shu Gang , Zhang Xuejun , Zhang Xuening , Pan Jinbin , Sun Shao‐Kai 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDigital subtraction angiography (DSA) is considered the “gold standard” for the diagnosis of vascular diseases. However, the contrast agents used in DSA are limited to iodine (I)‐based small molecules, which are unsuitable for patients with contraindications. Here, iodine‐free DSA utilizing a bismuth (Bi) chelate, Bi–DTPA Dimeglumine, is proposed for vascular visualization for the first time. Bi–DTPA Dimeglumine possesses a simple synthesis process without the need for purification, large‐scale production ability (over 200 g in the lab), superior X‐ray imaging capability, renal clearance capacity, and good biocompatibility. Bi–DTPA‐enhanced DSA can clearly display the arteries of the rabbit's head and lower limbs, with a minimum vascular resolution of 0.5 mm. The displayed integrity of terminal vessels by Bi–DTPA‐enhanced DSA is superior to that of iopromide‐enhanced DSA. In a rabbit model of thrombotic disease, Bi–DTPA Dimeglumine‐enhanced DSA enables the detection of embolism and subsequent reevaluation of vascular conditions after recanalization therapy. This proposed iodine‐free DSA provides a promising and universal approach for diagnosing vascular diseases.
Vapor Deposition of Bilayer 3R MoS2 with Room‐Temperature Ferroelectricity
Authors: Jiang Hanjun , Li Lei , Wu Yao , Duan Ruihuan , Yi Kongyang , Wu Lishu , Zhu Chao , Luo Lei , Xu Manzhang , Zheng Lu , Gan Xuetao , Zhao Wu , Wang Xuewen , Liu Zheng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTwo‐dimensional ultrathin ferroelectrics have attracted much interest due to their potential application in high‐density integration of non‐volatile memory devices. Recently, 2D van der Waals ferroelectric based on interlayer translation has been reported in twisted bilayer h‐BN and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). However, sliding ferroelectricity is not well studied in non‐twisted homo‐bilayer TMD grown directly by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). In this paper, for the first time, experimental observation of a room‐temperature out‐of‐plane ferroelectric switch in semiconducting bilayer 3R MoS2 synthesized by reverse‐flow CVD is reported. Piezoelectric force microscopy (PFM) hysteretic loops and first principle calculations demonstrate that the ferroelectric nature and polarization switching processes are based on interlayer sliding. The vertical Au/3R MoS2/Pt device exhibits a switchable diode effect. Polarization modulated Schottky barrier height and polarization coupling of interfacial deep states trapping/detrapping may serve in coordination to determine switchable diode effect. The room‐temperature ferroelectricity of CVD‐grown MoS2 will proceed with the potential wafer‐scale integration of 2D TMDs in the logic circuit.
Multiphase Symbiotic Engineered Elastic Ceramic‐Carbon Aerogels with Advanced Thermal Protection in Extreme Oxidative Environments
Authors: Chang Xinyi , Yang Yunfei , Cheng Xiaota , Yin Xia , Yu Jianyong , Liu Yi‐Tao , Ding Bin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractElastic aerogels can dissipate aerodynamic forces and thermal stresses by reversible slipping or deforming to avoid sudden failure caused by stress concentration, making them the most promising candidates for thermal protection in aerospace applications. However, existing elastic aerogels face difficulties achieving reliable protection above 1500 °C in aerobic environments due to their poor thermomechanical stability and significantly increased thermal conductivity at elevated temperatures. Here, a multiphase sequence and multiscale structural engineering strategy is proposed to synthesize mullite‐carbon hybrid nanofibrous aerogels. The heterogeneous symbiotic effect between components simultaneously inhibits ceramic crystalline coarsening and carbon thermal etching, thus ensuring the thermal stability of the nanofiber building blocks. Efficient load transfer and high interfacial thermal resistance at crystalline‐amorphous phase boundaries on the microscopic scale, coupled with mesoscale lamellar cellular and locally closed‐pore structures, achieve rapid stress dissipation and thermal energy attenuation in aerogels. This robust thermal protection material system is compatible with ultralight density (30 mg cm–3), reversible compression strain of 60%, extraordinary thermomechanical stability (up to 1600 °C in oxidative environments), and ultralow thermal conductivity (50.58 mW m–1 K–1 at 300 °C), offering new options and possibilities to cope with the harsh operating environments faced by space exploration.
Temporal Patterns of Angular Displacement of Endosomes: Insights into Motor Protein Exchange Dynamics
Authors: Jin Siwoo , Ahn Yongdeok , Park Jiseong , Park Minsoo , Lee Sang‐Chul , Lee Wonhee J. , Seo Daeha 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe material transport system, facilitated by motor proteins, plays a vital role in maintaining a non‐equilibrium cellular state. However, understanding the temporal coordination of motor protein activity requires an advanced imaging technique capable of measuring 3D angular displacement in real‐time. In this study, a Fourier transform‐based plasmonic dark‐field microscope has been developed using anisotropic nanoparticles, enabling the prolonged and simultaneous observation of endosomal lateral and rotational motion. A sequence of discontinuous 3D angular displacements has been observed during the pause and run phases of transport. Notably, a serially correlated temporal pattern in the intermittent rotational events has been demonstrated during the tug‐of‐war mechanism, indicating Markovian switching between the exploitational and explorational modes of motor protein exchange prior to resuming movement. Alterations in transition frequency and the exploitation‐to‐exploration ratio upon dynein inhibitor treatment highlight the relationship between disrupted motor coordination and reduced endosomal transport efficiency. Collectively, these results suggest the importance of orchestrated temporal motor protein patterns for efficient cellular transport.
Photoprogrammed Multifunctional Optoelectronic Synaptic Transistor Arrays Based on Photosensitive Polymer‐Sorted Semiconducting Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Image Recognition
Authors: Sui Nianzi , Ji Yixi , Li Min , Zheng Fanyuan , Shao Shuangshuang , Li Jiaqi , Liu Zhaoxin , Wu Jinjian , Zhao Jianwen , Li Lain‐Jong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe development of neuromorphic optoelectronic systems opens up the possibility of the next generation of artificial vision. In this work, the novel broadband (from 365 to 940 nm) and multilevel storage optoelectronic synaptic thin‐film transistor (TFT) arrays are reported using the photosensitive conjugated polymer (poly[(9,9‐dioctylfluorenyl‐2,7‐diyl)‐co‐(bithiophene)], F8T2) sorted semiconducting single‐walled carbon nanotubes (sc‐SWCNTs) as channel materials. The broadband synaptic responses are inherited to absorption from both photosensitive F8T2 and sorted sc‐SWCNTs, and the excellent optoelectronic synaptic behaviors with 200 linearly increasing conductance states and long retention time > 103 s are attributed to the superior charge trapping at the AlOx dielectric layer grown by atomic layer deposition. Furthermore, the synaptic TFTs can achieve IOn/IOff ratios up to 106 and optoelectronic synaptic plasticity with the low power consumption (59 aJ per single pulse), which can simulate not only basic biological synaptic functions but also optical write and electrical erase, multilevel storage, and image recognition. Further, a novel Spiking Neural Network algorithm based on hardware characteristics is designed for the recognition task of Caltech 101 dataset and multiple features of the images are successfully extracted with higher accuracy (97.92%) of the recognition task from the multi‐frequency curves of the optoelectronic synaptic devices.
Lattice Strain Engineering on Metal‐Organic Frameworks by Ligand Doping to Boost the Electrocatalytic Biomass Valorization
Authors: Bai Wenjing , Wang Xuan , Xu Jianing , Liu Yongzhuang , Lou Yuhan , Sun Xinyue , Zhou Ao , Li Hao , Fu Gengtao , Dou Shuo , Yu Haipeng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAs an efficient and environmental‐friendly strategy, electrocatalytic oxidation can realize biomass lignin valorization by cleaving its aryl ether bonds to produce value‐added chemicals. However, the complex and polymerized structure of lignin presents challenges in terms of reactant adsorption on the catalyst surface, which hinders further refinement. Herein, NiCo‐based metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) are employed as the electrocatalyst to enhance the adsorption of reactant molecules through π‐π interaction. More importantly, lattice strain is introduced into the MOFs via curved ligand doping, which enables tuning of the d‐band center of metal active sites to align with the reaction intermediates, leading to stronger adsorption and higher electrocatalytic activity toward bond cleavage within lignin model compounds and native lignin. When 2′‐phenoxyacetophenone is utilized as the model compound, high yields of phenol (76.3%) and acetophenone (21.7%) are achieved, and the conversion rate of the reactants reaches 97%. Following pre‐oxidation of extracted poplar lignin, >10 kinds of phenolic compounds are received using the as‐designed MOFs electrocatalyst, providing ≈12.48% of the monomer, including guaiacol, vanillin, eugenol, etc., and p‐hydroxybenzoic acid dominates all the products. This work presents a promising and deliberately designed electrocatalyst for realizing lignin valorization, making significant strides for the sustainability of this biomass resource.
Multicenter appraisal of comorbid TANGO2 deficiency disorder in patients with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome
Authors: Owlett Laura D. , Zapanta Bianca , Sandkuhler Sarah E. , Ames Elizabeth G. , Hickey Scott E. , Mackenzie Samuel J. , Meisner Joshua K. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTANGO2 deficiency disorder (TDD) is a rare, autosomal recessive condition caused by pathogenic variants in TANGO2, a gene residing within the region commonly deleted in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS). Although patients with 22q11.2DS are at substantially higher risk for comorbid TDD, it remains underdiagnosed within 22q11.2DS, likely due to overlapping symptomatology and a lack of knowledge about TDD. Initiation of B‐vitamin supplementation may provide therapeutic benefit in TDD, highlighting the need for effective screening methods to improve diagnosis rates in this at‐risk group. In this retrospective, multicenter study, we evaluated two cohorts of patients with 22q11.2DS (total N = 435) for possible comorbid TDD using two different symptom‐based screening methods (free text‐mining and manual chart review versus manual chart review alone). The methodology of the cohort 1 screening method successfully identified a known 22q11.2DS patient with TDD. Combined, these two cohorts identified 21 living patients meeting the consensus recommendation for TANGO2 testing for suspected comorbid TDD. Of the nine patients undergoing TANGO2 sequencing with del/dup analysis, none were ultimately diagnosed with TDD. Of the 12 deaths in the suspected comorbid TDD cohort, some of these patients exhibited symptoms (rhabdomyolysis, cardiac arrhythmia, or metabolic crisis) suspicious of comorbid TDD contributing to their death. Collectively, these findings highlight the need for robust prospective screening tools for diagnosing comorbid TDD in patients with 22q11.2DS.
Design, Synthesis and Molecular Docking Studies of New Indole Scaffolds
Authors: Kotha Sambasivarao , Meher Punam , Das Parijat , Bandi Vijayalakshmi , Bhaumik Prasenjit 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA convenient and straightforward approach for the construction of angular and linear indole scaffolds from commercially available β‐tetralones through a sequential methylation/ allylation/ propargylation followed by ring closing metathesis (RCM)/ [2+2+2] cyclotrimerization and Fischer indolization (FI) sequence has been described. The dipropargyl derivatives were further investigated for Sonogashira cross‐coupling with iodo‐benzene and click chemistry with benzyle azide to synthesize diverse indole motifs. The [2+2+2] cyclotrimerized products were treated with 3,5‐dimethyl aniline to obtain the product that resembles the structure of Alectinib, an FDA approved drug for the treatment of cancer. The approach provides a series of indole derivatives in moderate to good yields with excellent functional group tolerance and hence these compounds are utilized for molecular docking studies which shows good results. All the compounds synthesized here are well characterized by NMR and HRMS data.
Strontium isotopes track female dispersal in Taï chimpanzees
Authors: Boucher Renee D. , Wittig Roman M. , Lemoine Sylvain R. T. , Maro Aleksey , Wang Xueye , Koch Paul L. , Oelze Vicky M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectivesChimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) are patrilocal, with males remaining in their natal community and females dispersing when they reach sexual maturity. However, the details of female chimpanzee dispersal, such as their possible origin, are difficult to assess, even in habituated communities. This study investigates the utility of 87Sr/86Sr analysis for (1) assessing Sr baseline differences between chimpanzee territories and (2) identifying the status (immigrant or natal) of females of unknown origin within the territories of five neighboring communities in Taï National Park (Côte d'Ivoire).Materials and MethodsTo create a local Sr isoscape for the Taï Chimpanzee Project (TCP) study area, we sampled environmental samples from TCP‐established territories (n = 35). To assess dispersal patterns, 34 tooth enamel samples (one per individual) were selected from the Taï chimpanzee skeletal collection. 87Sr/86Sr analysis was performed on all 69 samples at the W.M. Keck Lab. The theoretical density and overlap of chimpanzee communities as well as generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) were used to test each question.Results87Sr/86Sr ratios for natal male chimpanzees ranged from 0.71662 to 0.72187, which is well within the corresponding environmental baseline range of 0.70774–0.73460. The local Sr isoscapes fit was estimated with the root‐mean‐square error value, which was 0.0048 (22% of the whole 87Sr/86Sr data range). GLMMs identified significant differences in 87Sr/86Sr ratios between natal and unknown North community origin groups, suggesting that after 1980, females of unknown origin could be immigrants to North community (n = 7, z‐ratio = −4.08, p = 0.0001, power = 0.94).DiscussionThis study indicates that 87Sr/86This study indicates that 87Sr/86Sr analysis can successfully identify immigrant females in skeletal collections obtained from wild chimpanzee communities, enabling the tracking of female dispersal patterns historically. There are, however, significant limitations within the scope of this study, such as (1) the absence of reliable maps for the TCP study area, (2) limited capacity for environmental sampling, (3) small sample sizes, and (4) tooth formation in wild chimpanzees.