bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cellular apoptosis susceptibility (chromosome segregation 1‐like, CSE1L) gene is a key regulator of apoptosis, migration and invasion in colorectal cancer
Authors: Alnabulsi Ayham , Agouni Abdelali , Mitra Suman , Garcia‐Murillas Isaac , Carpenter Brian , Bird Steve , Murray Graeme I 
Published: March 2012

AbstractCellular apoptosis susceptibility (chromosome segregation 1‐like, CSE1L) gene maps to chromosomal region 20q13.13, a region frequently amplified in solid tumours. In this study, we investigated the roles played by CSE1L in colorectal cancer by examining CSE1L expression and clinico‐pathological parameters in colorectal cancer and investigating the effect of CSE1L on the viability, adhesion and migration of colorectal cancer cells. RT‐PCR showed that CSE1L mRNA was over‐expressed in colorectal cancer. CSE1L depletion by knock‐down with CSE1L‐specific siRNA significantly reduced viability in HCT116 cells (p = 0.004) and SW480 cells (p = 0.003) whilst significantly increasing the proportion of apoptotic HCT116 cells (p < 0.001) and SW480 cells (p < 0.001). Furthermore, CSE1L depletion significantly reduced the adhesive capacity of HCT116 (p = 0.003) and SW480 cells (p = 0.004). Analysis by qRT‐PCR following CSE1L siRNA treatment of HCT116 and SW480 cells showed significant modulation of key apoptotic (p53, p73 and BAK) and adhesive (E‐cadherin, Ep‐CAM and ICAM‐1) molecules. Immunohistochemistry of a colorectal cancer tissue microarray showed that CSE1L had a significantly increased level in colorectal cancer compared to normal colorectal epithelium (p < 0.001). There were significant decreases in both nuclear (p = 0.006) and cytoplasmic (p = 0.003) staining of CSE1L in tumours with lymph node metastasis (stage 3 tumours) compared with lymph node‐negative tumours (stage 1 and 2 tumours). In lymph node‐negative patients, poor survival was associated with increased CSE1L cytoplasmic expression (p = 0.042). These results indicate that CSE1L is associated with viability and apoptosis, cellular adhesion and invasion, thus implicating CSE1L in the progression of colorectal cancer. Copyright © 2012 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The CREB–Smad6–Runx2 axis contributes to the impaired osteogenesis potential of bone marrow stromal cells in fibrous dysplasia of bone
Authors: Fan Qi‐Ming , Yue Bing , Bian Zhen‐Yu , Xu Wen‐Ting , Tu Bing , Dai Ke‐Rong , Li Gang , Tang Ting‐Ting 
Published: March 2012

AbstractFibrous dysplasia (FD) is characterized by the replacement of normal bone with abnormal fibro‐osseous tissue. This disorder is due to activating missense mutations in the GNAS gene and resultant over‐production of cAMP. However, the signalling pathways that contribute to FD pathogenesis remain unknown. In the current study, bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) carrying GNAS R201H mutation were isolated from lesion site of FD patients. cAMP accumulation, enhanced proliferation and impaired osteogenesis potential were observed. Two cell models, BMSCs treated with excess exogenous cAMP and BMSCs infected with lentivirus GNAS R201H, were established to model the pathological conditions of FD and used to investigate its pathogenesis. The results suggest that the CREB‐Smad6‐Runx2 axis is involved in osteogenesis dysfunction of BMSCs with the FD phenotype. We confirmed the results in FD lesion‐derived BMSCs and observed that the impaired osteogenesis potential of BMSCs infected with lentivirus GNAS (R201H) was recovered in vitro through modulation of the CREB‐Smad6‐Runx2 axis. This study provides useful insight into the signalling pathways involved in the FD phenotype and facilitates dissection of the molecular pathogenesis of FD and testing of novel therapies. Copyright © 2012 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modeling viscoelastic secondary flows in three‐dimensional noncircular ducts
Authors: Holmes Lori T. , Fávero Jovani L. , Osswald Tim A. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractAs process capabilities become more advanced, the need to predict flow phenomena at a smaller scale increases significantly. Viscoelastic secondary flows in square ducts were simulated using a finite volume approach. Single mode and multimode Giesekus and Phan‐Thien Tanner (PTT) models were implemented and were able to reproduce full three‐dimensional (3D) flow through a square duct. Results for low density polyethylene (LDPE), polystyrene, and polycarbonate are all in agreement with experiments [Dooley, Viscoelastic flow effects in multilayer polymer coextrusion, PhD Thesis, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven (2002)] as well as numerical results using a finite element method (FEM) and a meshless radial function method (RFM), [Lopez et al.,SPE ANTEC Tech. Pap.(2010)]. The mathematical model presented here has shown the potential to model full 3D flow in more complex geometries. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers
Phase inversion composition and domain identification by energy dispersive spectroscopy in immiscible blends of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) and polyamide6,10
Authors: Giancola Giorgiana , Lehman Richard L. , Miller Steve 
Published: March 2012

AbstractImmiscible blends were prepared from polyamide6,10 and poly(trimethylene terephthalate) by extrusion with the goal of identifying the phase inversion composition and domain morphology. Broadly, we studied this system to develop new polymer blends with good engineering properties combined with a high bio‐based fraction. Earlier work has demonstrated that the polymers are suitable for melt coprocessing. In this work, we sought to bracket the phase inversion composition, to identify any elements of cocontinuity, and to characterize the domain morphology by a traditional and a novel means. After extrusion of a full range of compositions, the morphologies in the 40–60 vol% range appeared to coarsely bracket the phase inversion point and compositions in this range were selected for detailed microscopic examination. High resolution energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) was used to differentiate these chemically similar polymers based on the nitrogen content of the polyamide. Results show elements of cocontinuity appearing at the 50 vol% composition. The EDS mapping techniques employed in this work were successful in sharply differentiating the domains of the two polymers. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers
Calculation of quantitative shunt values using photoluminescence imaging
Authors: Augarten Yael , Trupke Thorsten , Lenio Martha , Bauer Jan , Weber Juergen W. , Juhl Matthias , Kasemann Martin , Breitenstein Otwin 
Published: March 2012

ABSTRACTA proof of concept study for a method of determining quantitative shunt values in silicon solar cells from photoluminescence images is presented. The method is based on interpretation of the luminescence intensity around a local shunt or recombination‐active defect in terms of the extracted current. The theoretical relationship between the photoluminescence signal and the shunt current is derived. Experimental results on specifically prepared test structures show good agreement with known shunt resistance values. Experimental data on diffused wafers are presented. The effect of the front metallisation in complete cells on the appearance and interpretation of shunts in photoluminescence images is investigated experimentally. The limitations of the method are discussed. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fear of recurrence among head and neck cancer survivors: longitudinal trends
Authors: Ghazali Naseem , Cadwallader Ella , Lowe Derek , Humphris Gerry , Ozakinci Gozde , Rogers Simon N. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractBackgroundFear of recurrence (FoR) following head and neck cancer (HNC) treatment is a major patient concern but is infrequently discussed in outpatient settings and may cause significant detrimental effect on patient psychological well‐being.AimThe aim of this paper is to determine longitudinal trends and predictors of significant FoR.MethodProspective data collection was obtained in 189 post‐treatment HNC patients with 456 clinic attendances from October 2008 to January 2011. All patients completed Patient Concerns Inventory (PCI), University of Washington Quality of Life Questionnaire version 4 and the FoR questionnaires using a combination of paper and touch‐screen technology.ResultsThe prevalence of significant FoR was 35%, which was stable longitudinally. Logistic regression‐delineated predictors of significant FoR were young age (<65 years), anxiety/mood and patient‐reported FoR. Conventional prognostic factors including standard clinicopathological factors, treatment modality and length of follow‐up did not predict significant FoR. Over time, 20% of patients reported significant FoR intermittently, whereas 30% experienced it consistently. The remaining 50% did not experience significant FoR.DiscussionPatient‐related characteristics were more important than clinicopathological prognostic factors in predicting significant FoR, potentially creating a mismatch between the doctors' perception of patient's experience of FoR with what patients may experience. In the long term, FoR is expressed across a spectrum extending from ‘normal’ FoR to persistent significant FoR with an intermediate category of intermittent significant FoR. Those patients experiencing intermittent and consistent levels of significant FoR may benefit from psychological support. This study confirmed that self‐reported screening FoR using the PCI is a valuable tool in identifying significant FoR. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Oxygen activation and dissociation on h‐BN supported Au atoms
Authors: Gao Min , Lyalin Andrey , Taketsugu Tetsuya 
Published: March 2012

AbstractMolecular and dissociative adsorption of O2on Au atoms supported on the regular and defected hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) surface has been studied theoretically using density functional theory. It is shown that even weak interaction of Au with the defect‐free h‐BN support has an unusually strong influence on the binding and catalytic activation of the molecular oxygen. The strong interaction of Au with vacancy point defects on the h‐BN surface is accompanied by the large charge transfer to/from the adsorbate which can considerably affect the catalytic activity of the supported Au. It is demonstrated that activation of the molecular O2and barriers for O2dissociation on the supported Au atom can be affected by the interaction of Au with the pristine or defected h‐BN support. Therefore, the h‐BN surface cannot be considered as an absolutely inert support for Au. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Automatic scanning of large tissue areas in neurosurgery using optical coherence tomography
Authors: Finke M. , Kantelhardt S. , Schlaefer A. , Bruder R. , Lankenau E. , Giese A. , Schweikard A. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractBackgroundWith its high spatial and temporal resolution, optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an ideal modality for intra‐operative imaging. One possible application is to detect tumour invaded tissue in neurosurgery, e.g. during complete resection of glioblastoma. Ideally, the whole resection cavity is scanned. However, OCT is limited to a small field of view (FOV) and scanning perpendicular to the tissue surface.MethodsWe present a new method to use OCT for scanning of the resection cavity during neurosurgical resection of brain tumours. The main challenges are creating a map of the cavity, scanning perpendicular to the surface and merging the three‐dimensional (3D) data for intra‐operative visualization and detection of residual tumour cells.ResultsOur results indicate that the proposed method enables creating high‐resolution maps of the resection cavity. An overlay of these maps with the microscope images provides the surgeon with important information on the location of residual tumour tissue underneath the surface.ConclusionWe demonstrated that it is possible to automatically acquire an OCT image of the complete resection cavity. Overlaying microscopy images with depth information from OCT could lead to improved detection of residual tumour cells. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Photoresponsive Coumarin‐Stabilized Polymeric Nanoparticles as a Detectable Drug Carrier
Authors: Chung Jae Woo , Lee KangAe , Neikirk Colin , Nelson Celeste M. , Priestley Rodney D. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe ability to create aqueous suspended stable nanoparticles of the hydrophobic homopolymer poly(ϵ‐caprolactone) end‐functionalized with coumarin moieties (CPCL) is demonstrated. Nanoparticles of CPCL are prepared in a continuous manner using nanoprecipitation. The resulting nanoparticles are spherical in morphology, about 40 nm in diameter, and possess a narrow size distribution and excellent stability over 4 months by repulsive surface charge. Nanoparticle size can be easily controlled by manipulating the concentration of CPCL in the solution. The interparticle assembly between the nanoparticles can be reversibly adjusted with photoirradiation due to photoinduced [2 + 2] cyclodimerization and cleavage between the coumarin molecules. In addition, the CPCL nanoparticles show significant cellular uptake without cytotoxicity, and the intrinsic fluorescence of the coumarin functional group permits the direct detection of cellular internalization.
Software modernization by recovering Web services from legacy databases
Authors: Pérez‐Castillo Ricardo , García‐Rodríguez de Guzmán Ignacio , Caballero Ismael , Piattini Mario 
Published: March 2012

ABSTRACTDatabases are considered to be a valuable asset for organizations because they contain all those organizations’ persistent pieces of data. Both databases and the information systems that use them undergo erosion as a consequence of uncontrolled maintenance over time. However, when information systems evolve to become modernized versions of them, existing databases must not be discarded because they contain much valuable business knowledge that is not present anywhere else. Some of the software industry's current demands, such as time‐to‐market developments and the provision of software as services entail additional challenges in the reuse of legacy systems during software modernization. This paper addresses this problem and proposes a reengineering process that follows model‐driven development principles to recover Web services from legacy databases. The Web services that are mined manage access to legacy databases without discarding them. Legacy databases can thus be used by modernized information systems in service‐oriented environments. The adoption of this process is facilitated by the implementation of a support tool, which is used to conduct an industrial case study involving a real‐life legacy database. The study demonstrates that the proposal reduces development efforts and improves the return of investment by extending the lifespan of legacy databases. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Blast Furnace Operating Conditions Manipulation for Reducing Coke Consumption and CO2 Emission
Authors: Bahgat Mohamed , Abdel Halim Khaled S. , El‐Kelesh Heba Ali , Nasr Mahmoud I. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractA comparative reduction behavior of wüstite samples prepared from iron ore sinter was investigated to find the optimum way for reducing coke consumption and CO2 emission in blast furnace technology. A series of wüstite reduction experiments was carried out using different gas mixtures. A correlation between the experimental results and real data of blast furnaces at Egyptian Iron and Steel Company (EISCO) was demonstrated in order to optimize the coke consumption inside blast furnaces. Different theoretical models were applied on real data of blast furnaces to calculate the effect of operation parameters on the coke consumption. It was found that the wüstite reducibility can be controlled and enhanced using certain ratio of H2 and CO gases. Such kind of enhancement decreases the remaining quantity of unreduced wüstite which descends to the high temperature region of blast furnace. The theoretical analysis of real data using certain values of H2 and CO shows that increasing the amount of natural gas injection in blast furnace of EISCO will decrease the degree of direct reduction of iron oxide and consequently will decrease the amount of coke consumption.
Automatic finding of optimal image processing for extracting concrete image cracks using features ACTIT
Authors: Bai Haiying , Yata Noriko , Nagao Tomoharu 
Published: March 2012

AbstractIn this paper, we autonomously define an optimal, efficient image‐processing tree for extracting the cracks from concrete images using genetic programming (GP)‐oriented evolutionary image processing known as Automatic Construction of Tree‐structural Image Transformation (ACTIT). We propose the use of automatic finding feature from input and internal transformation images to optimize image‐processing filters. These alternative solutions show significant improvements and can be performed by extracting small areas through our experimentation. This can possibly be used with an optimal image‐processing system based on feature filters. © 2012 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A study on the transverse edge effect of an eddy current brake with a solid steel secondary
Authors: Sakamoto Yasuaki , Kashiwagi Takayuki , Hasegawa Hitoshi , Sasakawa Takashi , Fujii Nobuo 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe eddy current brake is a type of braking system used for railway vehicles. Because rail heating is a problem in this type of brakes, they have not been put to practical use in Japan. Therefore we proposed using a linear induction motor (LIM) for dynamic braking in the eddy current brake systems. In this paper, we investigate the transverse edge effect on an eddy current brake using an LIM with the solid steel rail as a secondary conductor. The objectives of this investigation are to clarify the transverse edge effect on a rail and to make it easier to determine the characteristics of such an eddy current brake. We find that the lateral surface of a solid steel rail must be considered as an electromagnetic overhang, and that the transverse edge effect of the rail is approximately the same as that of a simple U‐shaped steel plate or a wide, flat steel plate. These findings enable us to apply a simplified analysis method using a traditional modifying coefficient of the transverse edge effect, but from a new perspective. Because this simplified analysis method can easily evaluate the performance of eddy current brakes, it is useful in the early development stages of such brakes. © 2012 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Detecting the vehicle direction changes for routing algorithms and applications of vehicular ad hoc networks
Authors: Bohlooli Ali , Jamshidi Kamal 
Published: March 2012

AbstractVehicular ad hoc networks will enable a variety of applications for safety, traffic efficiency, driver assistance, and infotainment in modern automobile designs. For many of these applications as well as for improving the stability of vehicular ad hoc network routing algorithms, it is necessary to know whether a steering wheel rotation has led to a change in the vehicle motion path. The problem is that some steering wheel rotations are temporary and do not lead to a change in the vehicle motion path. In this paper, a GPS‐free fuzzy sensor is designed for detecting the change of vehicle motion paths. The implementation results show acceptable precision. © 2012 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Movement activity estimation and forwarding effects for opportunistic networking based on urban mobility traces
Authors: Hummel Karin Anna , Hess Andrea 
Published: March 2012

ABSTRACTOpportunistic, mobility‐assisted, or encounter networking is a method based on ad hoc networking and introduced to disseminate data in a store‐and‐forward manner by means of spontaneously connecting mobile devices. Although, in many networked systems, mobility is treated as a challenge requiring additional management, in opportunistic networks, movement facilitates networking as it creates additional contacts between devices. These new networking opportunities can be exploited in addition to traditional wireless infrastructure networks or in absence of these networks. Hereby, algorithms for opportunistic data dissemination make use of information about social ties, regularities in movement, and the future path of mobile entities. The availability of this information is reasonable for areas such as campuses or conference venues, where social or professional ties are strong or when traveling by, for example, public transport lines or vehicles following a navigation system. Other movement activities of humans in larger areas often lack this information, and new techniques are required to derive similar useful movement information. By observing movement characteristics of network users such as average velocities or revisiting patterns, estimates about the likelihood of getting in contact with other devices can be estimated. Our approach goes one step further by introducing users’ movement activities derived from movement patterns typical in, for example, tourist movement, shopping activities, or evening activities. Movement activities are notions summarizing a particular movement situation that is meaningful to users and can be used to further estimate user needs and user‐generated network traffic. In case movement patterns are uncertain or fragmentary, knowledge about activities may help to faster estimate average movement characteristics. The main objective of this paper is to detail the approach of relating activities to observed multivariate mobility characteristics on the basis of the Naïve Bayes classifier. The approach is applied to four typical urban movement use case activities including pedestrian and vehicular movement. Results are presented on the basis of two different experimental training sets consisting of GPS outdoor traces: first, a training set of emulated movement activities and, second, a training set consisting of labeled real‐world daily activities over one month tracked by volunteers. The results of the classification study confirm that movement can be characterized as proposed. By using mobility activities and corresponding distributions of movement characteristics, the impact of activities on opportunistic forwarding performance in terms of contact and inter‐contact time, forwarding distance and coverage of an area, and predictability of the future path of a moving device is investigated. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Greedy construction of load‐balanced virtual backbones in wireless sensor networks
Authors: He Jing (Selena) , Ji Shouling , Pan Yi , Li Yingshu 
Published: March 2012

ABSTRACTInspired by the backbone concept in wired networks, a virtual backbone is expected to bring substantial benefits to routing in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). A connected dominating set (CDS) is used as a virtual backbone for efficient routing and broadcasting in WSNs. Most existing works focus on constructing a minimum CDS, a k‐connect m‐dominating CDS, a minimum routing cost CDS, or a bounded‐diameter CDS. However, the load‐balance factor is not considered for CDSs in WSNs. In this paper, a greedy‐based approximation algorithm is proposed to construct load‐balanced CDS in a WSN. More importantly, we propose a new problem: the Load‐balanced Allocate Dominatee problem. Consequently, we propose an optimal centralized algorithm and an efficient probability‐based distributed algorithm to solve the Load‐balanced Allocate Dominatee problem. For a given CDS, the upper and lower bounds of the performance ratio of the distributed algorithm are analyzed in the paper. Through extensive simulations, we demonstrate that our proposed methods extend network lifetime by up to 80% compared with the most recently published CDS construction algorithm. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.