bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐sensitive protein analysis by FESI‐CE‐MALDI‐MS
Authors: Pourhaghighi Mohammad Reza , Busnel Jean‐Marc , Girault Hubert H. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractCapillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) and matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI‐MS) are two techniques highly suitable for the separation and detection of intact proteins. Herein, based on the use of a recently introduced iontophoretic fraction collection interface for the coupling of CE and MALDI‐MS, the potential of the combination of both techniques for the analysis of intact proteins is assessed. To further provide a bioanalytical platform with high‐sensitivity capabilities, field‐enhanced sample injection is integrated as on online preconcentration strategy upstream from the electrokinetic separation. Under optimized conditions, more than 3200‐ and 4800‐fold improvement, respectively in terms of peak height and peak area, as well as LODs ranging from 5 to 10 nM, has been achieved.
Surface plasmon resonance platform technology for multi‐parameter analyses on polymer chips
Authors: Danz Norbert , Kick Alfred , Sonntag Frank , Schmieder Stefan , Höfer Bernd , Klotzbach Udo , Mertig Michael 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe development of a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectrometer comprising angular‐resolved analysis for quasi‐monochromatic illumination is reported. The optical system utilizes disposable, injection‐molded chips combined with a lateral imaging optical system for parallel analysis of one‐dimensional spot arrays. Further parallelization is achieved by introducing a segmented light source. This source sequentially illuminates three neighbored one‐dimensional arrays in order to keep angular‐resolved analysis without introducing any mechanically moving parts. This system is applied to detect genetic variations among different DNA samples obtained from polymerase chain reaction (PCR). For this purpose, 135 spots on the chip surface have been prepared by spotting and analyzed separately.
Medium optimization of a hydrophilic solvent‐stable protease from Serratia sp. SYBC H
Authors: Li Guiying , Cai Yujie , Liao Xiangru 
Published: June 2011

AbstractTwo statistical methods were used for medium optimization for a hydrophilic solvent‐stable protease production by Serratia sp. SYBC H with duckweed as the nitrogen source. Orthogonal design was applied to find the significant variables, then response surface methodology (RSM), including Box–Behnken central composite experiments, was used to determine the optimal concentrations and interaction of the significant variables. Results demonstrated that duckweed powder, wheat flour, Tween 80, sodium chloride had significant effects on the solvent‐stable protease production. The interaction between duckweed and wheat flour was significant. The optimal level of the variables for the maximum protease production was duckweed 43.9 g/L, wheat flour 20 g/L, sodium chloride 0.08 M, Tween 80 1% v/v, initial pH 11.0, and inoculum size 7% v/v. The maximum protease activity reached 1922.8 U/mL in the optimized medium, with about 18.3‐fold higher than that in the unoptimized medium. Most importantly, the protease from Serratia sp. SYBC H has successfully catalyzed the specific acylation of sucrose in a two‐solvent medium consisting of pyridine and n‐hexane (1:1, v/v), and non‐specific acylation of sucrose in anhydrous DMSO. These results demonstrated that the protease from Serratia sp. SYBC H is a solvent‐stable protease and it could be an ideal biocatalyst for sugar esters syntheses in non‐aqueous media.
Analytical modelling of a large‐scale dynamic testing facility
Authors: Ceresa P. , Brezzi F. , Calvi G. M. , Pinho R. 
Published: June 2011

SUMMARYAn analytical model, which aims at reproducing the response of a large‐scale dynamic testing facility, that is a system composed of the specimen/shaking table/reaction‐mass/airbags/dampers/soil is developed. The Lagrangian of the system is derived, under the assumption of large displacements and rotations. A set of four nonlinear differential equations is obtained and solved with numerical methods. Preliminary verifications of the derived model are carried out by reproducing both well‐known results in the literature as well as those of a lumped model employed in the design of an existing dynamic testing facility. The case‐study for validating the nonlinear equations of motion is the shaking table of the EUCENTRE Laboratory. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Emotional Perception in Patients with Eating Disorders in Comparison with Depressed Patients
Authors: Joos Andreas A. B. , Gille Melanie , Hartmann Armin , Unterbrink Thomas , Wetzler‐Burmeister Edda , Scheidt Carl , Waller Elisabeth , Bauer Joachim , Wirsching Michael , Zeeck Almut 
Published: June 2011

AbstractObjectiveEmotion regulation is a key issue for many psychiatric and psychosomatic disorders, including eating disorders. Eating disordered patients (EDP) show high levels of depressive comorbidity, and there is much uncertainty about disorder‐specific deficits. This study is aimed at delineating disorder‐specific disturbances of emotional perception in EDP.MethodFifty‐two EDP were compared with 35 depressed patients (DP) and 25 healthy controls. They rated their emotional experience when viewing visual emotional stimuli. Emphasis was placed on the patients' perception of their own emotions and not on the recognition of emotions in others. Severity of depression was assessed by the Beck Depression Inventory.ResultsEating disordered patients and DP reported less anger than healthy controls—independent of the severity of depression. In addition, DP showed increased levels of disgust when confronted with anger stimuli. Happiness was rated less in EDP and DP, which was associated with severity of depression. There were no differences between the EDP subgroups bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa.ConclusionEating disordered patients and DP showed alterations of emotional perception of anger, an emotion which is closely linked to interpersonal difficulties. Alterations in emotional perception of EDP and DP might be due to more general emotion regulation disturbances. In order to detect more subtle differences between psychiatric subgroups, more sophisticated investigation tools are needed. Increased disgust ratings in DP merit further investigation. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Increase in coarse sediment transport associated with disturbance of gravel river beds by signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus)
Authors: Johnson Matthew F. , Rice Stephen P , Reid Ian 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACTThere is growing acknowledgement of the interaction between animals and the river bed on which they live and the implications of biological activity for geomorphic processes. It has been observed that signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus) disturb gravel substrates, potentially promoting sediment transport and impacting ecological communities. However, the mechanisms involved and the extent of their impact remain poorly understood, especially in relation to other processes that affect grain mobility in gravel‐bed rivers. A series of flume experiments, using loose and water‐worked gravel beds of narrowly graded grain sizes that were exposed to 6 h of crayfish activity under low‐velocity flows, showed a substantial increase in the number of grains entrained by subsequent higher‐velocity flows when compared with control runs in which crayfish were never introduced. Crayfish alter the topography of their substrate by constructing pits and mounds, which affect grain protrusion. When walking and foraging, they also alter gravel fabric by reorienting and changing the friction angle of surface grains. In water‐worked surfaces, this fabric rearrangement is shown to lead to a statistically significant, partial reversal of the structuring that had been achieved by antecedent flow. For these previously water‐worked surfaces, the increase in entrainment arising from disturbance by crayfish was statistically significant, with grain transport nearly twice as great. This suggests that signal crayfish, an increasingly widespread invasive species in temperate latitudes beyond their native NW North America, have the potential to enhance coarse‐grained bedload flux by altering the surface structure of gravel river beds and reducing the stability of surface grains. This study illustrates further the importance of acknowledging the impact of mobile organisms in conditioning the river bed when assessing sediment entrainment mechanics in the context of predicting bedload flux. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Products of polycyclic aromatic sulfur heterocycles in oil spill photodegradation
Authors: Fathalla Eiman M , Andersson Jan T 
Published: June 2011

Abstract
Photo-oxidation is a potentially significant process in the degradation of crude oil spilled in the environment. The polycyclic aromatic sulfur heterocycles (PASHs) in an Egyptian crude oil (0.8 % sulfur) were photo-oxidized as a film on the surface of water in the presence of anthraquinone as photosensitizer under simulated solar irradiation. The polar photoproducts were characterized using negative ion electrospray ionization with time of flight mass spectrometry and, after trimethylsilylation, gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. The photoproducts identified revealed the presence of a large variety of sulfonic acids, aliphatic and aromatic acids, and alcohols. The data also give new information on the substituents of the aromatic compounds in the unexposed oil and indicate the presence of cyclohexyl substituted aromatic compounds. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011;30:2004–2012. © 2011 SETAC
Reordering and incomplete preconditioning in serial and parallel adaptive mesh refinement and coarsening flow solutions
Authors: Camata J.J. , Rossa A.L. , Valli A.M.P. , Catabriga L. , Carey G.F. , Coutinho A.L.G.A. 
Published: June 2011

SUMMARYThe effects of reordering the unknowns on the convergence of incomplete factorization preconditioned Krylov subspace methods are investigated. Of particular interest is the resulting preconditioned iterative solver behavior when adaptive mesh refinement and coarsening (AMR/C) are utilized for serial or distributed parallel simulations. As representative schemes, we consider the familiar reverse Cuthill–McKee and quotient minimum degree algorithms applied with incomplete factorization preconditioners to CG and GMRES solvers. In the parallel distributed case, reordering is applied to local subdomains for block ILU preconditioning, and subdomains are repartitioned dynamically as mesh adaptation proceeds. Numerical studies for representative applications are conducted using the object‐oriented AMR/C software system libMesh linked to the PETSc solver library. Serial tests demonstrate that global unknown reordering and incomplete factorization preconditioning can reduce the number of iterations and improve serial CPU time in AMR/C computations. Parallel experiments indicate that local reordering for subdomain block preconditioning associated with dynamic repartitioning because of AMR/C leads to an overall reduction in processing time. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cerebral hemodynamics in newborn infants exposed to speech sounds: A whole‐head optical topography study
Authors: Sato Hiroki , Hirabayashi Yukiko , Tsubokura Hifumi , Kanai Makoto , Ashida Takashi , Konishi Ikuo , Uchida‐Ota Mariko , Konishi Yukuo , Maki Atsushi 
Published: June 2011

AbstractConsiderable knowledge on neural development related to speech perception has been obtained by functional imaging studies using near‐infrared spectroscopy (optical topography). In particular, a pioneering study showed stronger left‐dominant activation in the temporal lobe for (normal) forward speech (FW) than for (reversed) backward speech (BW) in neonates. However, it is unclear whether this stronger left‐dominant activation for FW is equally observed for any language or is clearer for the mother tongue. We hypothesized that the maternal language elicits clearer activation than a foreign language in newborns because of their prenatal and/or few‐day postnatal exposure to the maternal language. To test this hypothesis, we developed a whole‐head optode cap for 72‐channel optical topography and visualized the spatiotemporal hemodynamics in the brains of 17 Japanese newborns when they were exposed to FW and BW in their maternal language (Japanese) and in a foreign language (English). Statistical analysis showed that all sound stimuli together induced significant activation in the bilateral temporal regions and the frontal region. They also showed that the left temporal‐parietal region was significantly more active for Japanese FW than Japanese BW or English FW, while no significant difference between FW and BW was shown for English. This supports our hypothesis and suggests that the few‐day‐old brain begins to become attuned to the maternal language. Together with a finding of equivalent activation for all sound stimuli in the adjacent measurement positions in the temporal region, these findings further clarify the functional organization of the neonatal brain. Hum Brain Mapp 33:2092–2103, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Interleukin‐23 receptor polymorphism as a risk factor for oral cancer susceptibility
Authors: Chien Ming‐Hsien , Hsin Chung‐Han , Shih‐Shen Chou Lin , Chung Tsung‐Te , Lin Chien‐Huang , Weng Meng‐Shih , Chou Ming‐Yung , Chen Mu‐Kuan , Yang Shun‐Fa 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of genetic polymorphisms of interleukin (IL)‐23 and the IL‐23 receptor (IL‐23R) on the susceptibility to oral cancer.MethodsPolymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR‐RFLP) was used to measure polymorphisms of these genes in 240 controls and 240 patients with oral cancer.ResultsIndividuals with at least 1 varied C allele of rs10889677 (IL‐23R polymorphism) had a 1.553‐fold risk (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.073–2.241) of developing oral cancer compared with patients with the wild‐type A/A homozygote. Patients with oral cancer with at least 1 varied C allele of rs10889677 had a 1.931‐fold risk of tumor lymph node metastasis compared with patients with the C/C homozygote.ConclusionThe varied C allele of the IL‐23R gene may be considered a factor contributing to increased susceptibility and may be a predictive factor for tumor lymph node metastasis in Taiwanese with oral cancer. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2012
Rate and historical change of direct recharge from precipitation constrained by unsaturated zone profiles of chloride and oxygen‐18 in dry river bed of North China Plain
Authors: Yuan Ruiqiang , Song Xianfang , Han Dongmei , Zhang Yinghua , Zhang Liang , Zhang Bing , Long Xiting , Yu Yilei 
Published: June 2011

AbstractQuantifying of direct recharge derived from precipitation is crucial for assessing sustainability of well‐irrigated agriculture. In the North China Plain, the land use is dominated by groundwater‐irrigated farmland where the direct recharge derived from precipitation and irrigation. To characterize the mean rate and historical variance of direct recharge derived from precipitation, unsaturated zone profiles of chloride and δ18O in the dry river bed of the Beiyishui River were employed. The results show that archival time scale of the profile covers the duration from 1980 to 2002 (corresponding to depths from 5 to 2 m) which is indicated by matching the δ18O peaks in the isotope profile with the aridity indexes gained by instrumental records of annual precipitation and annual potential evaporation. Using the chloride mass balance method, the mean rate of the direct recharge corresponding to the archival time scale is estimated to be 3·8 ± 0·8 mm year−1, which accounts for about 0·7% of the long‐term average annual precipitation. Further, the direct recharge rates vary from 2·1 to 6·8 mm year−1 since 1980. Despite the subhumid climate, the estimate of recharge rates is in line with other findings in semiarid regions. The low rate of direct recharge is considered as a result of the relative dry climate in recent decades. In dry river bed, unsaturated zone profiles of chloride and δ18O combined with instrumental records could offer valuable information about the direct recharge derived from precipitation during droughts. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
PD‐1 expression on Melan‐A‐reactive T cells increases during progression to metastatic disease
Authors: Krönig Holger , Julia Falchner Kathrin , Odendahl Marcus , Brackertz Bettina , Conrad Heinke , Muck Dieter , Hein Rüdiger , Blank Christian , Peschel Christian , Haller Bernhard , Schulz Stephan , Bernhard Helga 
Published: June 2011

AbstractProgrammed death 1 (PD‐1) is known as an important factor for the development of tolerogenicity. This has been proven in chronic viral infections and different tumor models. To address the role of PD‐1 and its ligand programmed death ligand 1 (PD‐L1) in different stages of malignant melanoma, we investigated peripheral blood and tumor tissues in regard to overall survival (OS) and prognostic relevance. One hundred samples of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from HLA‐A2+ patients with malignant melanoma (Stages I–IV) were analyzed in seven color FACS combined with multimer analyses for the immunodominant epitope of Melan‐A (peptide A2/Melan‐Ap26‐35mod). Corresponding formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded tissues of primary tumor and distant organ metastases from 37 cases were analyzed by immunohistochemistry for Melan‐A, PD‐L1 and PD‐1 expression. Compared to the total CD8+ T cell population, PD‐1 expression by A2/Melan‐A+ CD8+ T cells was over‐represented in melanoma stages III and IV (p < 0.001). Although elevation of PD‐1+ Melan‐A+ CD8+ T cells had no significant influence on OS, a positive correlation was observed between PD‐L1 expression on melanoma cells and OS (p = 0.05). Correlation of advanced tumor stage with increased A2/Melan‐A‐multimer+ PD‐1+ T cells in the peripheral blood suggest that blocking of PD‐1 could have therapeutic potential in advanced stage melanoma.
Chiral Amplification, Kinetic Pathways, and Morphogenesis of Helical Nanorods upon Self‐assembly of Dipolar Merocyanine Dyes
Authors: Lohr Andreas , Würthner Frank 
Published: June 2011

AbstractIn this account we report on the self‐assembly of bis(merocyanine) dyes into helical nanorods by emphasizing the kinetic pathways and the mechanistic aspects leading to chiral amplification. A complex self‐assembly sequence of these dipolar dyes into well‐defined helical nanorod structures has been revealed spectroscopically by time‐dependent circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy and microscopically by atomic force microscopy (AFM). This self‐assembly sequence proceeds over several kinetically formed supramolecular intermediates, which are distinguished by their morphology and (chir)optical properties. Moreover, the kinetics for the formation of homochiral nanorods was studied, revealing that chiral amplification mechanisms can operate at different stages of self‐assembly to afford energetically favored structures. The rates of these processes decrease strongly with decreasing chiral bias in the monomers or decreasing fraction of chiral co‐monomers in mixtures of chiral and achiral monomers. For the fully equilibrated nanorods, however, strong chiral amplification directed by the “majority‐rules” or “sergeants‐and‐soldiers” effect is observed.
Comparative study of the viscoelastic mechanical behavior of agarose and poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels
Authors: Roberts Justine J. , Earnshaw Audrey , Ferguson Virginia L. , Bryant Stephanie J. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThis study presents a comparative investigation into differences in the mechanical properties between two hydrogels commonly used in cartilage tissue engineering [agarose vs. poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)], but which are formed through distinctly different crosslinking mechanisms (physical vs. covalent, respectively). The effects of hydrogel chemistry, precursor concentration, platen type (nonporous vs. porous) used in compression bioreactors, and degradation (for PEG) on the swelling properties and static and dynamic mechanical properties were examined. An increase in precursor concentration resulted in decreased equilibrium mass swelling ratios but increased equilibrium moduli and storage moduli for both hydrogels (p < 0.05). Agarose displayed large stress relaxations and a frequency dependence indicating its viscoelastic properties. Contrarily, PEG hydrogels displayed largely elastic behavior with minimal stress relaxation and frequency dependence. In biodegradable PEG hydrogels, the largely elastic behavior was retained during degradation. The type of platen did not affect static mechanical properties, but porous platens led to a reduced storage modulus for both hydrogels implicating fluid flow. In summary, agarose and PEG exhibit vastly different mechanical behaviors; a finding largely attributed to differences in their chemistries and fluid movement. Taken together, these design choices (hydrogel chemistry/structure, loading conditions) will likely have a profound effect on the tissue engineering outcome. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2011.
Surface characterization of Ti and Y‐TZP following non‐thermal plasma exposure
Authors: Silva Nelson R.F.A. , Coelho Paulo G. , Valverde Guilherme B. , Becker Kurt , Ihrke Roland , Quade Antje , Thompson Van P. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractNovel non‐thermal plasma (NTP) technology has the potential to address the bonding issues of Y‐TZP and Ti surfaces. This study aims to chemically characterize and evaluate the surface energy (SE) of Y‐TZP and Ti surfaces after NTP application. Y‐TZP and Ti discs were treated with a hand‐held NTP device followed by SE evaluation. Spectra of Y‐TZP 3d and Ti 2p regions, survey scans, and quantification of the elements were performed via X‐ray photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) prior and after NTP. Separate Y‐TZP and Ti discs were NTP treated for contact angle readings using (10‐methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogenphosphate) MDP primer. Significant augmentation of SE values was observed in all NTP treated groups. XPS detected a large increase in the O element fraction on both Y‐TZP and Ti surfaces. Reduction of contact angle reading was obtained when the MDP primer was placed on NTP treated Y‐TZP. Ti surface showed high SE before and after NTP application on Ti surfaces. NTP decreased C and increased O on both surfaces independently of application protocol. Wettability of MDP primer on Y‐TZP was significantly increased after NTP. The high polarity obtained on Y‐TZP and Ti surfaces after NTP applications appear promising to enhance bonds. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2011.