bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fear of the Wandering Gay: some reflections on citizenship, nationalism and recognition in same-sex relationships
Authors: Triger Zvi 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThroughout the history of the modern state, homosexuality has been a legal category, and not simply a medical or a psychiatric one. Fear of that legal subject manifests itself in law and policy not only about ‘the family’ but also about nationhood and citizenship. This is an article about this fear of the ‘Wandering Gay’, about the ways in which this fear has influenced domestic and international law regarding recognition in same-sex relationships, and about ways in which it can be overcome. I begin by introducing the Wandering Gay as a hidden driving cultural concept behind a state's reluctance (and in some places, outright objection) to recognise same-sex relationships. I then compare American and Israeli immigration policies concerning immigrants' sexuality, and discuss the different focuses of each system: while American policy (prior to its reform) was mainly concerned with ‘sexual deviancy’, Israeli policy was concerned with otherness, particularly non-Jewishness, in general. However, as I argue, homosexuality is one way in which individuals are ‘othered’ by Israeli immigration policy, since they cannot acquire legal status based on their marital status. I then contend that marriage is being used as a weapon against LGBT individuals, and that this is done from within a discourse that elevates marriage to a right that only heterosexual citizens are entitled to. I argue that marriage is used as a means of discrimination against minorities, and I question whether the proper solution to this violation of human rights is indeed to add more and more minorities to the privileged class of those who can marry, thus equipping them with the weapon of marriage to use against others.
Housing Complexes: Redesigning the house of psyche in light of a curious mistranslation of C. G. Jung appropriated by Gaston Bachelard
Authors: Huskinson Lucy 
Published: April 2012

Jung's metaphor of house as psyche is often regarded as little more than an arbitrary and reductive ‘diagram’ that imposes structure onto his conception of psyche with its various parts and underpinning libidinal processes. And yet, as this paper argues, the impact and relevance of the architectural metaphor extends beyond a conceptual consideration of psyche into a lived experience of it. It is thus also Jung's phenomenological description of the way human beings dwell and experience their placement or non-placement within the world in which they find themselves. This paper elucidates these different interpretations. First, through Jung's accounts of his ‘dream-house’ in connection with the likely architectural influences of those houses in which he had lived or had designs to live; and second, through an examination of a curious mistranslation of one of Jung's overlooked descriptions of the architectural metaphor found in the celebrated work, La poetique de l'espace (1957)/The poetics of space (1958) by the renowned French philosopher Gaston Bachelard. The metaphorical description under scrutiny is the relationship between cellar and attic rooms, which Jung uses in his essay ‘Allgemeines zur komplextheorie’ (1934)/‘A review of the complex theory’ (1948a) to expound his understanding of the effects of the complex on ego-consciousness. Bachelard's misreading inadvertently reverts the placement of the two rooms, thereby proffering something akin to a ‘topsy-turvy’ house of psyche. The implications of Bachelard's misreading for an understanding of Jungian complex theory is explored, and the wider conceptual and phenomenological implications for the possible redesign or renovation of Jung's metaphor of house as psyche are ascertained.
Meta‐analysis: nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs in biliary colic
Authors: Colli A. , Conte D. , Valle S. Della , Sciola V. , Fraquelli M. 
Published: April 2012

SummaryBackgroundBiliary colic is a common manifestation of cholelithiasis, developing in about one‐third of patients. Even if nonsteroid anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have widely been used to relieve biliary pain, there is a lack of systematic review of treatments on this issue.AimTo assess the potential benefits in terms of both pain control and reduction of complications, and the potential harms of NSAIDs in patients with biliary colic.MethodsData from randomised clinical trials (RCTs) comparing NSAIDs with no treatment, placebo or other drugs in patients with biliary colic, were collected from Medline and Embase. The outcome measures were expressed as odds ratio and relative risk and then pooled using fixed or random‐effect models.ResultsEleven RCTs involving 1076 subjects (268 men, 808 women; 18–86 years), including 442 controls were analysed. In comparison with placebo, NSAIDs led to a significantly higher proportion of patients with complete pain relief (RR 3.77, 95%CI 1.65–8.61; I
2: 73%) and a significantly lower rate of complications (RR 0.53, 95% CI 0.31–0.89; I
2: 35%). In comparison with other drugs, NSAIDs were more efficacious in controlling pain than spasmolytics (RR 1.47, 95% CI 1.03–2.10; I
2: 55%); there was no difference between NSAIDs and opioids (RR 1.05, 95% CI 0.82–1.33; I
2: 74%).ConclusionsIn patients with biliary colic NSAIDs are the first‐choice treatments as they control pain with the same efficacy of opioids and significantly reduce the proportion of patients with severe complications. However, the lack of high‐quality RCTs and the presence of consistent heterogeneity among studies may partially flaw these results.
Perspectives on being a father from men involved with child welfare services
Authors: Cameron Gary , Coady Nick , Hoy Sandy 
Published: April 2012

ABSTRACTFathers can make positive contributions to their children's well‐being. However, involving the literature and this research indicate that fathers are much less likely to be engaged with child welfare services than mothers. This paper reports the findings of life story research with 18 fathers involved with child welfare. It focuses on these men's perspectives of fatherhood and their relationships with their children. Also, reactions to these fatherhood stories from father and service provider focus groups are examined. The findings challenge common perceptions of these fathers and highlight similarities and differences in perspectives between fathers and service providers. Implications for engaging fathers in child welfare practice are discussed.
May‐Thurner syndrome resulting in acute iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis during the second trimester of pregnancy
Authors: Nakajima Yoshiyuki , Masaoka Naoki , Tsuzuki Yoko , Morooka Masako , Sakai Masato 
Published: April 2012

AbstractDescribed is a 27‐year‐old pregnant woman with May‐Thurner syndrome who experienced extensive pelvic and lower extremity thromboses during the antepartum period. The patient was referred for a symptomatic deep venous thrombosis at 23 weeks of gestation. Ultrasonography demonstrated a massive thrombus in the left iliofemoral vein. Heparin was given intravenously. Due to the possibility of pulmonary embolism during or immediately after delivery, a temporary inferior vena cava filter was inserted at 36 weeks of gestation. Labor was induced at 37 + 5 weeks of gestation; labor proceeded uneventfully and a male infant was born. Postpartum computed tomography (CT) demonstrated compression of the left common iliac vein by the right common iliac artery and lumbar vertebra. CT venogram demonstrated poor flow through the common iliac vein and well‐developed collateral vessels. Critical stenosis at the origin of the left common iliac vein was consistent with a diagnosis of May‐Thurner syndrome.
Endocervical glandular involvement, positive endocervical surgical margin and multicentricity are more often associated with high‐grade than low‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion
Authors: Kır Gozde , Karabulut Murat Hakan , Topal Cumhur Selçuk , Yılmaz Müberra Segmen 
Published: April 2012

AbstractAim: The aim of this study was to compare the relative frequencies of endocervical glandular involvement (EGI), multicentricity, positive endocervical surgical margins (ESM) and positive vaginal surgical margins (VSM), and adenocarcinomain situof the cervix (AIS) between high‐grade and low‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL and LSIL, respectively).Material and Methods: We identified 238 patients with squamous intraepithelial lesions/cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) who were treated by loop electrocautery excision (LEEP) or conventional cold‐knife conization (CKC). A total of 223 (72 [32.3%] LSIL/CIN I; 85 [38.1%] HSIL/CIN II; 66 [29.6%] HSIL/CIN III; and 151 [67.7%], HSIL/CIN II + III) LEEP/CKC slides were histologically reviewed.Results: The frequencies of EGI, positive ESM, and multicentricity were significantly higher in the HSIL/CIN II + III group than in the LSIL/CIN I group (P = 0.001, 0.001, and 0.025, respectively). Eighteen of the 72 (25%) LSIL/CIN I patients, 44 of the 85 (51.8%) HSIL/CIN II patients, and 60 of the 66 (90.9%) HSIL/CIN III patients (P = 0.001) showed EGI. In four of the 72 (5.6%) LSIL/CIN I patients, 18 of the 85 (21.2%) HSIL/CIN II patients, and 42 of the 66 (63.6%) HSIL/CIN III patients (P = 0.001), ESM was positive. Two of the 72 (2.8%) LSIL/CIN I patients, seven of the 85 (8.2%) HSIL/CIN II patients, and 11 of the 66 (16.7%) HSIL/CIN III patients (P = 0.016) were multicentric.Conclusion: The current study showed that EGI, positive ESM and multicentricity were more often associated with HSIL/CIN II + III than with LSIL/CIN I. Moreover, the frequencies of EGI, multicentricity, and positive ESM increased with increasing severity of the cervical lesion. This result may influence the preference for the type of surgical procedure used for patients with cytological diagnosis of HSIL.
Persistent Müllerian duct syndrome: lessons learned from managing a series of eight patients over a 10‐year period and review of literature regarding malignant risk from the Müllerian remnants
Authors: Farikullah Jasmin , Ehtisham Sarah , Nappo Simona , Patel Leena , Hennayake Supul 
Published: April 2012

Study Type – Therapy (case series)Level of Evidence 4What's known on the subject? and What does the study add?Approximately 200 cases of persistent Müllerian duct syndrome have been reported over the last 50 years and most authors suggest leaving the Müllerian remnant in situ because of the difficulty in dissection and the presumed absence of risk of malignancy. However, with increasing reports of Müllerian malignancies emerging, we report our 10‐year experience of managing patients with persistent Müllerian duct syndrome, with removal of müllerian remnants.This case series shows that there is an increased risk of Müllerian malignancy that was previously unknown. With the laparoscopic approach, orchidopexy with simultaneous removal of Müllerian remnants could be accomplished with minimal surgical trauma and the benefit of no malignancy risk in the future. This is a new technique that has not been previously performed. Considering the current evidence of malignancy in the Müllerian remnant, surgeons would need to discuss with families about removal of remnants or long‐term monitoring.OBJECTIVES
To describe the presentation and management of eight patients with persistent Müllerian duct syndrome (PMDS) seen over a 10‐year period at our tertiary centre.
To review the literature of Müllerian malignancies reported in PMDS.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
The hospital records of eight patients with PMDS were retrospectively reviewed between 2001 and 2011.
Extensive PubMed searches for PMDS and Müllerian malignancy were performed.
RESULTS
Eleven cases with PMDS and malignancy of the Müllerian remnants were identified.
From our own PMDS series: five males presented with bilateral undescended testes and three had unilateral undescended testis.
We found that the Müllerian remnants could be removed by laparoscopy and three patients had simultaneous laparoscopic removal of the Müllerian structures and laparoscopic orchidopexy.
CONCLUSIONS
The principle aim of orchidopexy with simultaneous laparoscopic removal of the Müllerian structures can be accomplished with minimal surgical trauma and the benefit of no malignancy risk in the future.
Surgeons should consider excision of the Müllerian remnants where possible.
Generic and diabetes‐specific well‐being in the AT.LANTUS Follow‐on study: further psychometric validation of the W‐BQ28 indicates its utility in research and clinical practice in Type 2 diabetes in the UK
Authors: Speight J. , Khagram L. A. , Davies M. J. 
Published: April 2012

Diabet. Med. 29, e345–e353 (2012)AbstractAims To undertake further psychometric validation of the W‐BQ28 to determine its suitability for use in adults with Type 2 diabetes in the UK using data from the AT.LANTUS follow‐on study.Methods A total of 353 people with Type 2 diabetes participated in the AT.LANTUS Follow‐on study, completing measures of well‐being (W‐BQ28), treatment satisfaction (DTSQ) and self‐care (SCI‐R). Confirmatory factor analyses was used to confirm the W‐BQ28 structure and internal consistency reliability was assessed. Additional statistical tests were conducted to explore convergent, divergent and known‐groups validity. Minimal important differences were calculated using distribution and anchor‐based techniques.Results Structure of the W‐BQ28 (seven four‐item subscales plus 16‐item generic and 12‐item diabetes‐specific scales) was confirmed (comparative fit index = 0.917, root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.057). Internal consistency reliability was satisfactory (four‐item subscales: alpha = 0.73–0.90; 12/16‐item scales: α = 0.84–0.90). Convergent validity was supported by expected moderate to high correlations (rs = 0.35–0.67) between all W‐BQ28 subscales (except Energy); divergent validity was supported by expected low to moderate correlations with treatment satisfaction (rs = −0.03–0.52) and self‐care (rs = 0.02–0.22). Known‐groups validity was supported with statistically significant differences by sex, age and HbA1cfor expected subscales. Minimal important differences were established (range 0.14–2.90).Conclusions The W‐BQ28 is a valid and reliable measure of generic and diabetes‐specific well‐being in Type 2 diabetes in the UK. Confirmation of the utility of W‐BQ28 (including establishment of minimal important differences) means that its use is indicated in research and clinical practice.
β‐2 Spectrin is involved in hepatocyte proliferation through the interaction of TGFβ/Smad and PI3K/AKT signalling
Authors: Wang Zhijun , Song Yuhu , Tu Wei , He Xingxing , Lin Jusheng , Liu Fang 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBackgroundTransforming growth factor (TGF) β signalling pathway plays a crucial role in liver regeneration following partial hepatectomy in mice. Evidence demonstrated that β‐2 Spectrin is involved in TGFβ/Smad signalling pathway as a Smad3/4 adaptor protein.AimThe aim of this study was to explore the role of β‐2 Spectrin in hepatocyte proliferation.Methodsβ‐2 Spectrin expression was evaluated in mice receiving partial hepatectomy. The effect of siRNA against β‐2 Spectrin on hepatocyte proliferation was determined. The interaction between TGFβ/Smad and PI3K/Akt signalling was investigated.ResultsHepatic β‐2 Spectrin decreased dramatically 2 days after 70% hepatectomy in mice. In AML‐12 cells, hepatocyte proliferation was inhibited after the stimulation of TGF β1 and a reduction in β‐2 Spectrin mediated by siRNA resulted in increase in proliferative response. Confocal results revealed that β‐2 Spectrin represented a key regulator in TGFβ/Smad signalling through controlling Smad3/4 subcellular localization. Moreover, Alternation of Akt phosphorylation led to the change in subcellular localization of Smad2, 3, 4 and β‐2 Spectrin, A reduction in Smad2, 3 and 4 mediated by siRNA resulted in the induction of pAkt expression.ConclusionsThese findings reveal that β‐2 Spectrin plays a crucial role in hepatocyte proliferation, which contributes to liver regeneration following hepatectomy in mice. In addition, PI3K/Akt is involved in TGFβ/Smad signalling pathway through the interaction with Smad proteins and β‐2 Spectrin.
Comparison of perinatal outcomes in small‐for‐gestational‐age infants classified by population‐based versus customised birth weight standards
Authors: Cha Hyun‐Hwa , Lee Su‐Ho , Park Jin‐Sun , Woo Sook‐Young , Kim Seon‐Woo , Choi Suk‐Joo , Oh Soo‐young , Roh Cheong‐Rae , Kim Jong‐Hwa 
Published: April 2012

AimsThe objective of this study was to derive a customised birth weight standard curve in our institute and to compare the perinatal outcomes of small‐for‐gestational‐age (SGA) births classified by population‐based versus customised birth weight standards.MethodsWe surveyed 9052 normal singleton deliveries and generated customised standards by adjusting for maternal characteristics and neonatal gender. We compared adverse perinatal outcomes between SGA and non‐SGA births classified by both standards.ResultsAccording to the population‐based standards, mothers of SGA infants were younger, thinner and shorter and had higher rates of nulliparity and female births. We adjusted for these maternal characteristics and neonatal gender in our customised standards. Multivariate analysis revealed that there were no differences in neonatal composite morbidity between the standards. However, infants classified as SGA by the customised standards showed a significantly higher rate of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission than those classified by the population‐based standards.ConclusionOur study showed that customised SGA made no significant differences in neonatal composite morbidity, only a modest increase in NICU admission rate compared to population‐based standard. To clarify the association of adverse perinatal outcomes with customised SGA, larger studies are required.
THE MARKET FOR CORPORATE SECURITIES A PROGRESS REPORT
Authors: Shapiro Eli 
Published: April 2012

SummaryAt the end of 1945 the corporate universe was characterized by a low level of capital assets relative to sales and a high degree of liquidity. The decade ending in 1955 was noteworthy for the high absolute level of investment in plant, equipment, and inventory. Corporations experienced no great financing difficulties in carrying out their expansion program; interest rates did not rise sharply during the period.The bulk of corporate investment was financed from internal sources of funds—retained profits and depreciation allowances—with internal sources more important in the first half of the ten‐year period. The relationship between internal and external financing was primarily dependent on cyclical variations in business activity. In periods of rising business activity short‐term borrowing and new security issues were utilized to supplement internal funds. In periods of declining economic activity long‐term financing through security issues was continued on a reduced scale and short‐term bank debt was reduced. Over the decade ending in 1955 there was an increasing trend toward long‐term securities issued to finance investment in plant, equipment, and inventories. All bonds outstanding for non‐financial corporations more than doubled from $23 billion at the end of 1945 to $54 billion at the end of 1955. There was some evidence to suggest that reduction in spreads between stock and bond yields encouraged stock financing in the latter years of the period.The most striking phenomenon in the long‐term debt market was the precipitous decline in the importance of individuals as holders of corporate bonds. In less than twenty years individuals' holdings of outstanding corporate bonds fell from two‐thirds to about one‐fifth. The largest holders of corporate bonds were life insurance companies who accounted for 50 per cent of all issues outstanding. Directly placed corporate securities—almost entirely bonds—accounted for about 40 per cent of gross security issues in the postwar decade. Life insurance companies held over 90 per cent of directly placed securities outstanding.In 1955 and particularly in 1956 growing tightness was evident in the capital market. The liquidity of corporations was worked down and the rate of increase in corporate internal sources of funds also fell. Capital outlays continued to rise. Accessibility to the capital market became critical to insure accomplishment of investment programs. Corporations entered the capital market on an enlarged scale at a time of continued high demands for funds from other sectors of the economy. The fall in liquidity of financial institutions plus the pursuit of a restrictive monetary policy by the central bank served to intensify the rise in yields and led to sharp increases in new financing costs and tightening of contract terms.
YIELDS ON RECENTLY ISSUED CORPORATE BONDS: A NEW INDEX*
Authors: Kaplan Mortimer 
Published: April 2012

The writer is indebted to the following individuals, who were kind enough to examine the yields series on recently issued corporate bonds and provide helpful comment: Professor Roger F. Murray, of Columbia University; Dr. James J. O'Leary, of the Life Insurance Association of America; Dr. Frank E. Morris, of the Investment Bankers Association of America; Dr. Roland I. Robinson, of the Federal Reserve Board; Mr. George J. Morrissey, editor, The Commercial and Financial Chronicle; Mr. Eliot H. Sharp, editor, Investment Dealers' Digest; Mr. James Coggeshall, Jr., president, The First Boston Corporation; and Mr. Mead A. Lewis, partner, Dick & Merle‐Smith. To the last‐named, the writer owes a special debt of gratitude for his generous correspondence in response to a series of queries on the mechanics of the capital markets. No responsibility attaches to any of these persons for the opinions expressed in the article.Grateful acknowledgment is made to Moody's Investors Service for granting permission to use the corporate and municipal bond‐yield data presented in Moody's Bond Survey.To his associates in the Federal Housing Administration, Mrs. Audrey L. Williams, who compiled and organized the yields‐series data, and Mr. George J. Levine, who supervised the yield computations, the writer wishes to express his indebtedness.
An Empirical Investigation of the Arbitrage Pricing Theory
Authors: ROLL RICHARD , ROSS STEPHEN A. 
Published: April 2012

ABSTRACTEmpirical tests are reported for Ross' [48] arbitrage theory of asset pricing. Using data for individual equities during the 1962–72 period, at least three and probably four priced factors are found in the generating process of returns. The theory is supported in that estimated expected returns depend on estimated factor loadings, and variables such as the own standard deviation, though highly correlated (simply) with estimated expected returns, do not add any further explanatory power to that of the factor loadings.
Valuation of GNMA Mortgage‐Backed Securities
Authors: DUNN KENNETH B. , McCONNELL JOHN J. 
Published: April 2012

ABSTRACTGNMA mortgage‐backed pass‐through securities are supported by pools of amortizing, callable loans. Additionally, mortgagors often prepay their loans when the market interest rate is above the coupon rate of their loans. This paper develops a model for pricing GNMA securities and uses it to examine the impact of the amortization, call, and prepayment features on the prices, risks and expected returns of GNMA's. The amortization and prepayment features each have a positive effect on price, while the call feature has a negative impact. All three features reduce a GNMA security's interest rate risk and, consequently, its expected return.