bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the ethical issues in authorship of collaborative research. Observations inspired by the historical case study of Gerard L. Blaes' (Blasius) claim to sole authorship of ‘Anatome medullae spinalis’
Authors: Pękacka‐Falkowska Katarzyna , Raj Danuta , Węglorz Jakub 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper discusses the historical context of collaborative research and authorship disputes, exemplified by the complex relationship between Dutch anatomist and physician Gerard L. Blaes and his East‐Central European mentee, Daniel Gödtke, during the study of medulla spinalis. The study employs historical analysis to unravel the dynamics of scholarly collaboration, emphasizing the significance of mentorship in scientific progress and the communal nature of knowledge exchange. This historical analysis is based on primary sources and historical records. It underscores Blaes's strategy to circumvent public confrontations regarding the authorship of the seminal work ‘Anatome medullae spinalis, et nervorum inde provenientium’ (1666). As a teacher, he facilitated his student's participation in a public disputation to avert public authorship conflicts over the book. This ultimately led to the publication of two distinct versions of ‘Anatome medullae spinalis.’ The first one was co‐authored by the mentor and his mentee, while the latter was solely attributed to the mentor. This historical narrative raises essential questions about attributing individual contributions in medical sciences, echoing concerns still pertinent in contemporary academia. Additionally, it makes visible the power dynamics inherent in faculty–students relationships and the potential repercussions of authorship disputes on scholars' reputations. By drawing parallels between historical and modern authorship dilemmas, this study contributes to ongoing discussions on equitable authorship in scientific research and publishing. It not only highlights a historical precedent for the complex dynamics of mentor–mentee collaborations and authorship disputes but also illuminates how these practices continue to influence contemporary academic and publishing customs.
Influence of Carbonisation Temperatures on Multifunctional Properties of Carbon Fibres for Structural Battery Applications
Authors: Tavano Ruben , Xu Johanna , Creighton Claudia , Liu Fang , Dharmasiri Bhagya , Henderson Luke C. , Asp Leif E. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCarbon fibres are multifunctional materials considered for the realisation of structural battery electrodes. Processing conditions affect the carbonaceous microstructure of carbon fibres. The microstructure dictates the fibre‘s mechanical properties, i. e. modulus and strength, as well as its electrochemical capacity. Here, carbon fibre processing conditions are investigated to identify the effect of carbonisation temperature on carbon fibre multifunctionality. Different thermal conditions during carbonisation are considered, while keeping the precursor material, applied tension, and oxidation temperature constant. The carbonaceous microstructure of fibres is investigated via wide‐angle x‐ray scattering (WAXS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses to determine the effect of the carbonisation temperature. Mechanical and electrochemical tests are performed to characterise carbon fibre multifunctionality with respect to mechanical and electrochemical performance. A moderate trade‐off between mechanical and electrochemical performance is demonstrated, where the elastic modulus and strength decrease and the electrochemical capacity increase with reduced carbonisation temperature. Here, for the studied temperature interval, the elastic modulus and strength is found to drop up to 7 % with a 15 % increase in capacity. Thus, fibres customised for targeted multifunctionality within a limited design space can be realised by careful selection of the processing conditions in conventional carbon fibre manufacture.
Characterization of HER2‐low breast cancer in young women with germline BRCA1/2 pathogenetic variants: Results of a large international retrospective cohort study
Authors: Schettini Francesco , Blondeaux Eva , Molinelli Chiara , Bas Raphaëlle , Kim Hee Jeong , Di Meglio Antonio , Bernstein Molho Rinat , Linn Sabine C. , Pogoda Katarzyna , Carrasco Estela , Punie Kevin , Agostinetto Elisa , Lopetegui‐Lia Nerea , Phillips Kelly‐Anne , Toss Angela , Rousset‐Jablonski Christine , Acheritogaray Marion , Ferrari Alberta , Paluch‐Shimon Shani , Fruscio Robert , Cui Wanda , Wong Stephanie M. , Vernieri Claudio , Dieci Maria Vittoria , Matikas Alexios , Rozenblit Mariya , Villarreal‐Garza Cynthia , De Marchis Laura , Puglisi Fabio , Vasconcelos de Matos Leonor , Mariño Monica , Teixeira Luis , Graffeo Rossella , Rognone Alessia , Chirco Alessandra , Antone Nicoleta , Abdou Yara , Marhold Maximilian , Božović‐Spasojević Ivana , Cortés Salgado Alfonso , Carmisciano Luca , Bruzzone Marco , Curigliano Giuseppe , Prat Aleix , Lambertini Matteo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundBreast cancer (BC) in women aged ≤40 years carrying germline pathogenetic variants (PVs) in BRCA1/2 genes is infrequent but often associated with aggressive features. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)‐low‐expressing BC has recently emerged as a novel therapeutic target but has not been characterized in this rare patient subset.MethodsWomen aged ≤40 years with newly diagnosed early‐stage HER2‐negative BC (HER2‐0 and HER2‐low) and germline BRCA1/2 PVs from 78 health care centers worldwide were retrospectively included. Chi‐square test and Student t‐test were used to describe variable distribution between HER2‐0 and HER2‐low. Associations with HER2‐low status were assessed with logistic regression. Kaplan–Meier method and Cox regression analysis were used to assess disease‐free survival (DFS) and overall survival. Statistical significance was considered for p ≤ .05.ResultsOf 3547 included patients, 32.3% had HER2‐low BC, representing 46.3% of hormone receptor–positive and 21.3% of triple‐negative (TN) tumors. HER2‐low vs. HER2‐0 BC were more often of grade 1/2 (p < .001), hormone receptor–positive (p < .001), and node‐positive (p = .003). BRCA2 PVs were more often associated with HER2‐low than BRCA1 PVs (p < .001). HER2‐low versus HER2‐0 showed better DFS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.86; 95% CI, 0.76–0.97) in the overall population and more favorable DFS (HR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.64–0.95) and overall survival (HR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.46–0.93) in the TN subgroup. Luminal A–like tumors in HER2‐low (p = .014) and TN and luminal A‐like in HER2‐0 (p = .019) showed the worst DFS.ConclusionsIn young patients with HER2‐negative BC and germline BRCA1/2 PVs, HER2‐low disease was less frequent than expected and more frequently linked to BRCA2 PVs and associated with luminal‐like disease. HER2‐low status was associated with a modestly improved prognosis.
Retrospective Analysis of Structure‐Property Relationship of Emergent Metallo‐Supramolecular Polymer Networks
Authors: Chang Wei , Song Weihua , Zhang Mingxin , Yin Panchao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMetallo‐supramolecular polymer networks (MSPNs) are fabricated from the crosslinking of polymers by discrete supramolecular coordination complexes. Due to the availability of various coordination complexes, e. g., 2D macrocycles and 3D nanocages, the MSPNs have been recently developed with broadly tunable visco‐elasticity and enriched functions inherited from the coordination complexes. The coordination complexes possess enriched topologies and unique structural relaxation dynamics, rendering them the capability to break the traditional tradeoffs of polymer systems for the design of materials with enhanced mechanical performance. The structure‐property relationship studies are critical for the material‐by‐design of MSPNs, while the spatiotemporal investigations are desired for the exploration of dynamics information. The work summarizes recent studies on the unique ligand‐exchange kinetics and the multi‐level structural relaxation dynamics of MSPNs. The MSPNs’ mechanical properties can be quantitatively correlated with the dynamics for understanding the structure‐property relationship. This concept will not only serve to attract more researchers to engage in the study of the structure‐activity relationship of MSPNs but also inspire innovative research findings pertaining to the application of MSPNs.
Reversing Reprogramming of Cancer Cell Metabolism by Singlet Oxygen Triggered Release of Dichloroacetate Enhances Photodynamic Cytotoxicity
Authors: Zhou Zhenyan , Wang Lei , Yan Shoucai , Liu Ziang , Sun Rensong , Qiao Yuan , Akkaya Engin U. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCancer cells change their glucose metabolism towards lactic acid production for various defensive and proliferative advantages. Dichloroacetate (DCA) is an inhibitor of a key enzyme and thus, changes back the OX‐PHOS to glycolysis ratio. We designed and synthesized a singlet oxygen triggered source of dichloroacetate which releases this inhibitor during photodynamic singlet oxygen generation. Synergistic action of DCA and singlet oxygen results in significant enhancement of photocytotoxicity. The results suggest that this approach could offer significant improvement in the therapeutic outcome of PDT.
A compact double‐sided four‐port printed antenna with pattern and polarization diversity for super‐wideband applications
Authors: Acharjee Juin , Chowdhury Marma Kundu , Mandal Kaushik 
Published: May 2024

SummaryA compact, double‐sided four‐port printed antenna with pattern and polarization diversity performance is proposed for super‐wideband (SWB) applications. The proposed printed antenna consists of microstrip line‐fed corner truncated four identical square patches. One pair of patches is placed strategically on the top side of the substrate, and another pair is on the bottom side with rotational symmetry to realize a compact four‐port antenna with higher port isolation (>25 dB) throughout the operating band along with pattern diversity. A half‐circular slit is etched in the partial ground plane of all four antennas to achieve SWB (1–19.81 GHz) response. A meander‐shaped decoupling structure is incorporated on both sides of the substrate to enhance the port isolation. T‐shaped slots on the patch and corner truncations are conceived to achieve circular polarization (CP) across 5.15–5.83 GHz. The beauty of this structure lies in the easy switching between LHCP and RHCP by just controlling the port excitation. Moreover, the strategic placement of antenna elements produces bidirectional patterns with proper choice of port excitation. A good agreement is observed between the measured and simulation results.
Risk of dementia with hearing impairment and social isolation
Authors: Tomida Kouki , Shimoda Takahiro , Nakajima Chika , Kawakami Ayuka , Shimada Hiroyuki 
Published: May 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThis study aimed to determine whether the concomitance of hearing impairment and isolation with lack of conversation, which is considered self‐evident but has not been investigated extensively, is associated with the occurrence of dementia.METHODSA total of 2745 participants were divided into four groups according to the presence/absence of hearing impairment and isolation with lack of conversation. The association of dementia with hearing impairment and isolation with lack of conversation was analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression.RESULTSThe combined hearing impairment and isolation with lack of conversation (hazard ratio: 1.69, 95% confidence interval: 1.09‐2.61) and non‐hearing impairment and isolation with lack of conversation (hazard ratio: 1.60, 95% confidence: 1.07‐2.39) were associated with the development of dementia.DISCUSSIONThese findings emphasize the importance of promoting high‐quality social relationships throughout life by adopting preventive measures against isolation with lack of conversation from the early stage of awareness of hearing impairment.Highlights
Dementia affects 12.9% of those with hearing impairment and isolation.
Hearing impairment and isolation are associated with increased risk of dementia.
Addressing these risk factors may help reduce the risk of developing dementia.
Preventing isolation and promoting quality social relationships is important.
Foliar spraying of chitosan promotes selenium uptake in grapevine planted in soil supplemented with sodium selenite
Authors: Zhu Yanzhou , Jin Xin , Zhang Lu , Wang Jin , Huang Kewen , Zhou Kexuan , Li Wan , Wang Xun , Lin Lijin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSelenium (Se) is an important trace element for human body, and the fruit Se source is one option for human Se supplementation. To increase grapevine uptake of Se, grape seedlings were transplanted in soils supplemented with sodium selenite, and the concentrations of 0, 1, 2, 4, and 6 g L−1 chitosan were sprayed on grapevine seedling leaves. Next, the effects of chitosan on grapevine Se uptake were studied. The chitosan‐based foliar application increased the biomass, photosynthetic pigment content, antioxidant enzyme activity, and soluble protein content of grapevine. Chitosan application also increased the total Se, inorganic Se, and organic Se contents in grapevine. However, while the root organic Se was increased, the shoot inorganic Se was decreased. Compared to the control, the concentrations of 1, 2, 4, and 6 g L−1 chitosan increased the shoot total Se content by 9.29%, 12.39%, 17.70%, and 14.16%, respectively. Chitosan application also increased the nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) contents in grapevine. Moreover, correlation, gray relational, principal component, and cluster analyses revealed that the root total Se, shoot total N, and root total K contents were the top three indicators closely associated with the shoot total Se content. Therefore, foliar‐based chitosan application on grape seedlings can promote the Se uptake in grapevine under sodium selenite supply, and 4 g L−1 is the best concentration.
Braden score can independently predict 90‐day mortality in critically ill patients with dementia
Authors: Cheng Hongtao , Li Xinya , Liang Xin , Tang Yonglan , Wei Fangxin , Wang Zichen , Lyu Jun , Wang Yu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundDementia is a significant cause of death in the older population and is becoming an important public health issue as the population ages and the prevalence of dementia increases. The Braden score is one of the most commonly used clinical tools to assess the risk of skin pressure injury in patients, and some studies have reported that it may reflect the state of frailty of patients. The present study attempted to explore the association between Braden score and 90‐day mortality, pressure injury, and aspiration pneumonia in older patients with dementia in the intensive care unit (ICU).MethodsThe study involved extracting crucial data from the Medical Information Market for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC‐IV) database using Structured Query Language, with a license certificate obtained after completing the necessary training and examination available on the MIMIC‐IV website. A retrospective analysis was performed on older patients with dementia, aged 65 or older, who were first admitted to the ICU. Ninth and tenth revision International Classification of Diseases codes were used to identify patients with dementia. The primary outcome was 90‐day mortality. Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine the association between Braden score and death, and hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Propensity score matching and E‐value assessments were employed for sensitivity analysis.ResultsA total of 2892 patients with a median age of approximately 85 years (interquartile range 78.74–89.59) were included, of whom 1625 were female (56.2%). Patients had a median Braden score of 14 (interquartile range 12–15) at ICU admission. Braden score at ICU admission was inversely associated with 90‐day mortality risk after adjustment for demographics, severity of illness, treatment and medications, delirium, and sepsis (adjusted HR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.87–0.98, p = 0.006). Patients were divided into two groups with a cut‐off value of 15: high‐risk group and low‐risk group. Compared to the low‐risk group (Braden score >15), the risk of 90‐day mortality was significantly increased in the high‐risk group (Braden score ≤15) (adjusted HR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.10–2.09, p = 0.011, E‐value: 2.01), the risk of pressure injury (adjusted OR: 2.62, 95% CI: 2.02–3.43, E‐value: 2.62) and aspiration pneumonia (adjusted OR: 2.55, 95% CI: 1.84–3.61, E‐value: 2.57) was also significantly higher.ConclusionsThe Braden score may be a quick and simple screening tool to identify the risk of adverse outcomes in critically ill older adults with dementia.
The ‘scars’ left on children by exclusion, but re‐inclusion may ‘heal up’
Authors: Zheng Jun , Liu Wenlu , Qian Ping , Yan Linlin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPrevious studies have shown that social exclusion can have negative effects on the well‐being of children and adolescents. However, there is inconsistent evidence regarding how the impact of social exclusion changes with age. This study used the Cyberball paradigm to investigate the effects of exclusion and subsequent inclusion on primary needs (such as belonging, self‐esteem, control and meaningful existence) and emotions (including happiness, sadness and anger) in a sample of Chinese school‐aged children (163 children aged 6–8, 8–10 and 10–11). The results revealed that children aged 6–8 showed lower susceptibility to ostracism, while threats to primary needs emerged around the ages of 8–10 and persisted until 10–12. Negative effects on moods were evident from the age of 6–8 and intensified with age. Brief inclusion following exclusion was found to effectively restore the primary needs and moods of ostracized children, serving as a reliable intervention for promoting rapid recovery. However, age‐related differences were observed in the restorative effects of re‐inclusion, with 8‐ to 10‐year‐olds benefiting more compared to 10‐ to 12‐year‐olds. These findings provide valuable insights for educational institutions seeking to create supportive environments that help children recover from the detrimental effects of ostracism.Highlights
Ostracism can be detrimental to the primary needs and moods of school‐aged children.
There are developmental changes in the effects of ostracism on children's primary needs and moods, and 8–10 years old may be a critical period.
Re‐inclusion can effectively restore the damaged primary needs and moods of excluded children, but its effect is also age‐dependent.
Divergent association between pain intensity and resting‐state fMRI‐based brain entropy in different age groups
Authors: Del Mauro Gianpaolo , Sevel Landrew Samuel , Boissoneault Jeff , Wang Ze 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPain is a multidimensional subjective experience sustained by multiple brain regions involved in different aspects of pain experience. We used brain entropy (BEN) estimated from resting‐state fMRI (rsfMRI) data to investigate the neural correlates of pain experience. BEN was estimated from rs‐fMRI data provided by two datasets with different age range: the Human Connectome Project‐Young Adult (HCP‐YA) and the Human Connectome project‐Aging (HCP‐A) datasets. Retrospective assessment of experienced pain intensity was retrieved from both datasets. No main effect of pain intensity was observed. The interaction between pain and age, however, was related to increased BEN in several pain‐related brain regions, reflecting greater variability of spontaneous brain activity. Dividing the sample into a young adult group (YG) and a middle age‐aging group (MAG) resulted in two divergent patterns of pain–BEN association: In the YG, pain intensity was related to reduced BEN in brain regions involved in the sensory processing of pain; in the MAG, pain was associated with increased BEN in areas related to both sensory and cognitive aspects of pain experience.
One‐step Synthesis of UV‐Curable CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, and I) Nanocrystal Inks for Printing
Authors: Wang Yixin , Yin Yongming , Liu Ming , Ali Muhammad Umair , Meng Hong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMetal halide perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) have garnered significant attention due to their captivating optoelectronic properties. One promising application for these materials is their use as color‐conversion layers (CCLs) in blue micro‐LED technology, enabling the realization of full‐color displays. Nonetheless, a pivotal challenge revolves around producing efficient luminescent perovskite inks and subsequently employing them for inkjet printing finely patterned CCLs. In this study, a straightforward single‐step hot‐injection method is introduced for synthesizing inks comprising CsPbX3 NCs, where X represents Cl, Br, and I, or mixed halide systems such as Cl/Br and Br/I. Through precise composition control, the emission spectra can be effortlessly adjusted across the entire visible spectrum, spanning from 410 to 710 nm. The resulting CsPbX3 NCs exhibit narrow emission line‐widths, ranging from 21 to 39 nm, an expansive color gamut encompassing up to 130% of the National Television Standards Committee color standard, and exceptional quantum yields reaching up to 100%. With their superb optical performance, facile synthesis procedure, and robust stability, these CsPbX3 NCs emerge as highly suitable candidates for their use as CCLs with blue light‐emitting devices deployed as backlights.
Diagnostics of fs Laser‐Induced Plasmas in Solid Dielectrics
Authors: Jürgens Peter , Garcia Clara L. , Balling Peter , Fennel Thomas , Mermillod‐Blondin Alexandre 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe formation of dense plasmas inside dielectric materials by ultrashort laser pulses has many applications ranging from refractive‐index modifications to the formation of channels and voids. Furthermore, such plasmas enable the fundamental investigation of ultrafast non‐equilibrium dynamics in highly excited materials. The present paper provides an overview of current experimental approaches to investigating such plasmas. Much information about the plasma relaxation is obtained by measuring the spatial and temporal evolution of the dielectric properties of the excited material through time‐resolved absorption and phase‐shift measurements. In order to investigate and resolve the individual stages of plasma formation, experimental approaches with a temporal resolution beyond the capabilities of traditional optical pump‐probe studies are required. Recent examples for schemes that may enable the investigation of the plasma formation with sub‐cycle time resolution are thus reviewed. These include recent results from time‐resolved high‐harmonic generation as well as the two‐color pump‐probe analysis of non‐perturbative low‐order wave mixing for the tracking of strong‐field excitation dynamics. Alternative approaches employ attosecond transient absorption spectroscopy, attosecond polarization spectroscopy and nonlinear photoconductive sampling for resolving the temporal evolution of the carrier dynamics down to sub‐optical‐cycle timescales.