bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mediasi keterlibatan siswa dalam mempengaruhi efikasi diri dan self-regulated learning terhadap kemampuan berfikir kritis
Authors: Murniawaty Indri , Rokhali Aulia , Farliana Nina 
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan menganalisis pengaruh langsung dan tidak langsung efikasi diri dan self-regulated learning terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa dengan keterlibatan siswa sebagai variabel mediasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain kausalitas. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan proportional random sampling dengan jumlah sampel 81 siswa kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Kroya, Kabupaten Cilacap. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner dan dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif serta Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) dengan perangkat lunak WarpPLS 8.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efikasi diri dan self-regulated learning berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis. Keterlibatan siswa juga berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis serta dimediasi oleh efikasi diri, tetapi tidak memediasi pengaruh self-regulated learning. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan peningkatan keterlibatan siswa dalam proses pembelajaran untuk mengoptimalkan berpikir kritis. Mediation of student engagement in influencing self-efficacy and self-regulated learning on critical thinking skills Abstract: This study aims to examine and analyze the direct and indirect effects of self-efficacy and self-regulated learning on students' critical thinking skills, with student engagement as a mediating variable. This research employs a quantitative approach with a causal design. The sampling technique used was proportional random sampling, with a total of 81 tenth-grade students from SMA Negeri 1 Kroya, Cilacap Regency. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive analysis and Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) with WarpPLS 8.0 software. The results indicate that self-efficacy and self-regulated learning have a positive and significant effect on critical thinking skills. Student engagement also significantly affects critical thinking skills and mediates the relationship between self-efficacy and critical thinking but does not mediate the effect of self-regulated learning. This study suggests enhancing student engagement in the learning process to optimize critical thinking development.
What social media analyses can tell us about Ghanaian women's concerns during pregnancy
Authors: Anto-Ocrah Martina , Valachovic Tori , Lanning Joseph W. , Ghanem Ali , Couturier Claire , Hakizimana Celestin , Niyomugabo Celestin , Affan Nabeeha Jabir , Vempalli Hemika , Kodam Ruth Sally 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionSocial media platforms are used by over 4.9 billion people for networking and community building, as well as for healthcare information seeking and decision-making. Most studies investigating the utilization of social media during pregnancy have focused on high-income countries, despite the surge in social media utilization globally. In this study, we analyzed how pregnant women in Ghana, West Africa, utilize Facebook to inform decision-making on their most salient pregnancy concerns.MethodsWe utilized machine learning techniques (Web Scraping and Latent Dirichlet Allocation) to mine and analyze posts from the Ghana-based MidWife Sally Pregnancy School Facebook group between August 16, 2020 and April 29, 2023. Posts were extracted, cleaned, and analyzed using Gensim python library. Topics were generated based on their probabilities and relevance to the study goal.ResultsA total of 3,328 posts were extracted and 3,322 were analyzed after removing 6 empty posts. Seven major topics with listed subtopics were identified: Pregnant (693 posts): personal physiological changes, exercise during pregnancy, medication (e.g., anti-malarials, pain killers) Delivery (367): emergency delivery, vaginal/caesarean birthing, breastmilk production, exercise during pregnancy Pain (350): location of pain and pain relief modalities (e.g., exercise, medication, sleep) Breastfeeding (248): delivery, emergency service, milk production Water (174): cold water consumption, infant feeding (e.g., gripe water, constipation, formula) Sleeping (165): discomfort, sleeping positions, exercise to induce sleep, sleep as a natural analgesic Antenatal (124): fetal growth, progress, hospital selection Of note, content from “Pregnant”, “Delivery” and “Sleeping” included mentions of depression, while “Breastfeeding” highlighted cultural approaches to increasing milk production. The sentiment analysis showed that 43.4% of the responses were neutral and primarily focused on seeking information. Negative sentiments, which were more distressing, comprised 46.4% of the responses, while positive sentiments, had a celebratory tone and represented 10.2% of the data.ConclusionSocial media analysis, previously employed in high income settings, can provide impactful, granular snapshots of pregnant people's concerns in the African region, which could be used to inform social media interventions aimed at filling educational gaps in antenatal care for those without adequate healthcare access.
Global disease burden of breast cancer attributable to high fasting plasma glucose: a comprehensive analysis from the global burden of disease study
Authors: Zhang Jing , He Jiawei , Lu Yunyan , Lan Tian 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundHigh fasting plasma glucose (HFPG) has been identified as one of the risk factors associated with the development of breast cancer. The worldwide distribution of breast cancer attributable to HFPG was not comprehensively investigated.MethodsWe utilized the data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 to explore HFPG-related breast cancer deaths, disability adjusted life years (DALYs) and corresponding age-standardized rates (ASRs). The average annual percentage change (AAPC) and the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) were employed to evaluate the temporal trend.ResultsThe global effect of HFPG resulted in nearly 30,570 breast cancer deaths and 819,550 DALYs in 2021, representing an age-standardized deaths rate (ASMR) of 0.66 (95% UI -0.19-1.57) and an age-standardized DALYs rate (ASDR) of 18.05 (95% UI -5.31-42.71). In the regions with low, low-middle, and middle SDI, the ASRs of HFPG-related breast cancer increased significantly over time. The highest ASMR and ASDR were observed in several countries, such as Palau, American Samoa, Cook Islands, Marshall Islands, and United Arab Emirates. There was a positive correlation between ASRs and Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) in countries where SDI was below 0.75. The escalation in death and DALYs was primarily driven by epidemiological change and population growth in low, low-middle, middle SDI regions.ConclusionsSubstantial disparities exist across diverse regions in breast cancer burden attributed to HFPG. It is urgent to regulate glycemic levels, improve healthcare infrastructures, and provide cost-effective care in less developed and developing countries that endure a disproportionately heavier health burden.
A single point mutation on FLT3L-Fc protein increases the risk of immunogenicity
Authors: Qin Dan , Phung Qui , Wu Patrick , Yin Zhaojun , Tam Sien , Tran Peter , ElSohly Adel M. , Gober Joshua , Hu Zicheng , Zhou Zhenru , Cohen Sivan , He Dongping , Bainbridge Travis W. , Kemball Christopher C. , Zarzar Jonathan , Sreedhara Alavattam , Stephens Nicole , Decalf Jérémie , Moussion Christine , Ye Zhengmao , Balazs Mercedesz , Li Yinyin 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionAs a crucial asset for human health and modern medicine, an increasing number of biotherapeutics are entering the clinic. However, due to their complexity, these drugs have a higher potential to be immunogenic, leading to the generation of anti-drug antibodies (ADAs). Clinically significant ADAs have an impact on pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), effectiveness, and/or safety. Thus, it is crucial to understand, manage and minimize the immunogenicity potential during drug development, ideally starting from the molecule design stage.MethodsIn this study, we utilized various immunogenicity risk assessment methods, including in silico prediction, dendritic cell internalization, MHC-associated peptide proteomics, in vitro HLA peptide binding, and in vitro T cell proliferation, to assess the immunogenicity risk of FLT3L-Fc variants.ResultsWe identified a single point mutation in the human FLT3L-Fc protein that introduced highly immunogenic T cell epitopes, leading to the induction of T cell responses and thereby increasing the immunogenicity risk in clinical settings. Consequently, the variant with this point mutation was removed from further consideration as a clinical candidate.DiscussionThis finding underscores the necessity for careful evaluation of mutations during the engineering of protein therapeutics. The integration of multiple immunogenicity risk assessment tools offers critical insights for informed decision-making in candidate sequence design and therapeutic lead selection.
Autophagy-related protein LC3β and its association with clinical-pathological characteristics, mismatch repair proteins and survival in colorectal carcinoma
Authors: Gakinya Samuel , Nzioka Ancent K. , Mugo Alex G. , Onyuma Timothy , Ogutu James 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionAutophagy is a metabolic process that serves to maintain cellular homeostasis as well as enable the cell to adapt to metabolic stress. In malignant cells, autophagy has been associated with drug resistance, metastasis and poor outcome. Colorectal carcinoma is a leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide. The management and outcome are dependent on the tumor clinical and pathological characteristics. Autophagy is a potential therapeutic target as well as prognostic biomarker given its role in cancer pathogenesis. This study aimed at evaluating the autophagy status of colorectal carcinomas for tumors diagnosed at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi and establish its association with clinical-pathological characteristics including age, tumor location, tumor grade, tumor pathological stage, tumor nodal stage, tumor budding, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), Mismatch repair protein status (MMR), HER2 status and patient survival.MethodsThe study assessed the autophagy status of 114 colorectal carcinoma cases using immunohistochemistry for autophagy related protein LC3β. The clinical-pathological characteristics were determined by examining the medical records and evaluation of hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides. HER2 and MMR status were evaluated using immunohistochemistry. The treatment outcome was determined from the patient's records by checking for date of last visit or death.Results and discussionThe mean age of patients in our study was 58years. There were more males 61.8% (n = 70) than females 38.6% (n = 44). Most of the patients had high pathological tumor stage of pT3 and pT4. Majority of the tumors showed intermediate tumor budding and weak tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. The mismatch repair deficiency and HER2 overexpression were found in 14.9% (n = 17) and 2.6% (n = 3) of the cases respectively. LC3β was overexpressed in 36% (n = 41) of the cases and was significantly more common in females (p = 0.013). The LC3β status showed no significant association with age, tumor location, tumor grade, tumor stage, nodal stage, tumor budding, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, MMR status, HER2 status or patient survival. Future prospective studies are recommended to further explore the utility of autophagy as a prognostic and predictive biomarker.
Analysis of fungal microbiota diversity and potential pathogenic fungi in oral secretions and gut feces of captive giant pandas
Authors: Ma Xiaoping , Zeng Xiangwen , Huang Zhi , Li Gen , Liu Ruiguo , Luo Rongyan , Li Xinni , Ling Shanshan , Wang Chengdong , Gu Yu 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundMaintaining good oral and gut health is essential for the wellbeing of animals, and fungi are key components of the oral and gut microbiota. This study aims to explore the diversity and seasonal dynamics of oral and gut fungal communities in captive giant pandas, with a focus on their potential functional roles in health and digestion.MethodsIn the study, we collected saliva and fecal samples from 60 captive giant pandas were collected in different seasons, oral and gut fungi were analyzed using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) amplicon sequencing. We used α and β diversity analyses to examine the differences in species diversity and composition among the different seasons. Furthermore, we validated the ITS amplicon sequencing results through fungal isolation and identification.ResultsAnalyses of α and β diversity revealed both the differences and similarities between the fungal communities in the oral and gut microbiomes of giant pandas. Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were predominant in both oral and gut groups, while the dominant genera in the four seasons were Cutaneotrichosporon, and unidentified_Chaetothyriales_sp. Additionally, Cladosporium and Candida were predominant in the oral and gut fungus, respectively, across all four seasons. Notably, fungal abundance and diversity in the oral microbiome were significantly higher than in the gut microbiome, a pattern observed throughout most seasons. Several potentially pathogenic fungi, such as Fusarium, Candida and Aspergillus, were detected in healthy giant pandas, with most showing increased abundance during winter. It is worth mentioning that we found a distinct bias in the functional communities of oral and gut fungi. The abundance of saprophytic fungi in the gut is relatively high, which may be related to their role in cellulose digestion.ConclusionThe abundance and diversity of fungal communities in the oral cavity and gut of giant pandas exhibit significant seasonal variations. While the oral cavity hosts a higher abundance and diversity of fungi, the species composition of fungal community composition is similar to that of the intestines. The majority of gut fungi are likely derived from the oral cavity or diet, the significant seasonal variation in gut fungal community structure further suggests that long-term resident fungi may not be present in the gut.
Blood pressure improvement after resection of non-functioning adrenal adenomas: influencing factors and serum metabolic features
Authors: Zhang Jianlei , Wu Peiqiang , Chen Yule , Wang Min , Song Wenbin 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionNon-functioning adrenal adenomas (NFAs) are typically regarded as benign tumors that lack hormonal secretion. However, emerging evidence has shown that some patients with NFAs and hypertension experience improvements in blood pressure after adrenalectomy, indicating a potential correlation between NFAs and hypertension. Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms that underpin this phenomenon remain elusive.MethodsWe collected data from all patients with adrenal adenomas who underwent unilateral laparoscopic partial or total adrenalectomy at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University in 2023. A statistical analysis was conducted on factors such as tumor diameter, duration of hypertension, BMI, and age. Additionally, we gathered serum samples from six patients who experienced postoperative blood pressure improvement and six patients who did not. These samples were subjected to targeted and untargeted metabolomic analyses to identify significant serum metabolites.ResultsOur findings revealed that 50.9% of patients with NFAs and hypertension experienced blood pressure improvement after surgery. Additionally, patients in the improvement group (IG) exhibited larger tumor diameters alongside shorter durations of hypertension compared to their counterparts in the nonimprovement group (NIG). Untargeted metabolomic analysis identified 89 differentially abundant metabolites in the serum between the IG and NIG. In particular, we found that guanidinoacetic acid (GAA), a precursor of creatine synthesis that possibly participates in the occurrence of hypertension, was enriched in patients in the IG and reduced after surgery.DiscussionThe findings of our study indicated that duration of hypertension and tumor diameter may exert an influence on the extent of postoperative blood pressure improvement, and NFAs might promote hypertension through GAA-related creatine metabolism.
Individually guided neuromodulation in special operator veterans with symptoms of PTSD and traumatic brain injury: preliminary data from a chart review
Authors: Frueh B. Christopher , Crowder Celeste , Taghva Alexander 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionSpecial operations forces (SOF) are at particular risk of suffering from Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), and often these two conditions are comorbid, with the inciting event causing both conditions. These conditions present with broad-band electroencephalogram (EEG) abnormalities that may be amenable to neuromodulation.MethodsThis retrospective chart review reports on preliminary safety and clinical response data of individualized neuromodulation in a cohort of SOF veterans suffering from symptoms of PTSD and TBI. 33 male SOF veterans with TBI and PTSD symptoms received α-guided repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (α-rTMS) 5 days per week, with the magnetic pulse frequency set to their individual alpha frequency (IAF). Data on clinical scale scores at baseline and conclusion of treatment were extracted, including Rivermead Post-Concussion Questionnaire (RPQ), PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) and side-effects.ResultsThirty-three (33) charts containing pre-post scales for at least one of the clinical measures collected were reviewed. TBI symptom severity decreased an average of 54% on the RPQ (p &lt; 0.01) and PTSD symptom severity decreased an average of 37.6% on the PCL-5 (p &lt; 0.01). For participants with PCL-5 scores above the screening threshold of 33, 69% no longer met clinical criteria for PTSD at the end of the human performance program. Side effects were consistent with those reported for standard TMS, most frequently headache and fatigue.ConclusionSignificant reductions in TBI clinical symptoms as well as significant decreases in PTSD clinical severity were reported in SOF veterans who underwent α-rTMS. Side effects were equivalent to those observed in normal TMS. Data supports the need for α-rTMS clinical trials in the SOF veteran population to further demonstrate the clinical impact of this approach.
CT radiomics based model for differentiating malignant and benign small (≤20mm) solid pulmonary nodules
Authors: Sun Jing-Xi , Zhou Xuan-Xuan , Yu Yan-Jin , Wei Ya-Ming , Shi Yi-Bing , Xu Qing-Song , Chen Shuang-Shuang 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundCurrently, the computed tomography (CT) radiomics-based models, which can evaluate small (≤ 20 mm) solid pulmonary nodules (SPNs) are lacking. This study aimed to develop a CT radiomics-based model that can differentiate between benign and malignant small SPNs.MethodsThis study included patients with small SPNs between January 2019 and November 2021. The participants were then randomly categorized into training and testing cohorts with an 8:2 ratio. CT images of all the patients were analyzed to extract radiomics features. Furthermore, a radiomics scoring model was developed based on the features selected in the training group via univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. The testing cohort was then used to validate the developed predictive model.ResultsThis study included 210 patients, 168 in the training and 42 in the testing cohorts. Radiomics scores were ultimately calculated based on 9 selected CT radiomics features. Furthermore, traditional CT and clinical risk factors associated with SPNs included lobulation (P &lt; 0.001), spiculation (P &lt; 0.001), and a larger diameter (P &lt; 0.001). The developed CT radiomics scoring model comprised of the following formula: X = -6.773 + 12.0705×radiomics score+2.5313×lobulation (present: 1; no present: 0)+3.1761×spiculation (present: 1; no present: 0)+0.3253×diameter. The area under the curve (AUC) values of the CT radiomics-based model, CT radiomics score, and clinicoradiological score were 0.957, 0.945, and 0.853, respectively, in the training cohort, while that of the testing cohort were 0.943, 0.916, and 0.816, respectively.ConclusionsThe CT radiomics-based model designed in the present study offers valuable diagnostic accuracy in distinguishing benign and malignant SPNs.
Reliability of the Fenton growth curve method in predicting birth weight in newborns born at or before 36 weeks gestational age
Authors: Gungor Sara , Hou Wei , Decristofaro Joseph , Maduekwe Echezona T. 
Published: February 2025

ObjectivesThe study aimed to assess the reliability of the Fenton curve superimposed with fetal weight percentile in predicting the birth weight of infants born ≤36 weeks gestational age.Study designThis prospective observational study, conducted from December 2018 to May 2019, examined infants born ≤36 weeks gestational age. The Fenton curve was used to extrapolate the fetal growth percentile (Fenton curve method) and predict the birth weight of the infants on the day of delivery. The study excluded infants who were large or small for gestational age and those diagnosed with congenital anomalies or Hydrops fetalis. The Fenton curve method was used to predict the actual birth weight of 65 infants born at Stony Brook University Hospital and was compared with their actual birth weight using a two-sample t-test and Bland–Altman test.ResultsThe study enrolled 65 infants, including 37 females, 2 Asians, 6 Blacks, 17 Hispanics, and 40 whites, with a mean gestational age of 32.1 ± 3.6 weeks and a mean actual birth weight of 1,860 ± 677 grams. The results showed no significant difference between the predicted and actual birth weight (p = 0.17), with a median difference of 32.2 grams between the predicted and actual weight.ConclusionThe study found that the Fenton curve method reliably predicted the birth weight of infants born ≤36 weeks of gestational age. The results indicate that in normally grown fetuses, healthcare providers in the delivery room could potentially use Fenton curve predicted birth weight for drug dosage and equipment sizing in scenarios where obtaining actual birth weight is not possible. Nonetheless, additional analysis in larger cohorts is needed before this method can be universally adopted.