bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
UPRIGHT BIPEDAL EXERCISE TRAINING IMPROVES INTERVERTEBRAL DISC HEALTH: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Samanna Claire L , Owen Patrick , Mitchell Ulrike , Ehrenbrusthoff Katja , Saueressig Tobias , Moreira Eva , Arora Nitin K , Mundell Niamh , Tait Jamie L , Donath Lars , Karner Vera , Belavy Daniel 
Published: May 2024

INTRODUCTION & AIMS
The structure and function of human tissue, such as bone, muscle and tendon, can be improved with targeted exercise training. However, the effects of exercise training on intervertebral disc tissue has received comparably less attention. With a scope to identify types of exercise training that improve intervertebral disc health, this study examined the impact of historical exercise, sport and/or physical activity on quantitative intervertebral disc outcomes.

METHODS
The protocol was prospectively registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022366391). Five databases (inception to 30th September 2022), 17 trial registries and reference lists and forwards/backwards citations were searched. Inclusion criteria followed the Participants (human), Exposure (exercise, sport or physical activity for greater than one week), Comparators (non-exercise, sport or physical activity control group), Outcomes (magnetic resonance imaging measures of lumbar intervertebral disc health on a continuous scale [e.g. T2, signal intensity, intervertebral disc height]) and Study design (any) framework. Pairwise random-effects restricted maximum likelihood meta-analysis estimated standardised mean difference (Hedges g).

RESULTS
From the search yield of 2,150 records, 12 reports representing 10 studies (participants: 874) were deemed eligible. When compared to any comparator, upright bipedal exposures (g [95%CI]: 0.31 [0.06, 0.55]; P=0.014; studies: 6; participants: 346; I2: 87%), were associated with greater intervertebral disc health. However, no physical loading exposure (g [95%CI]: 0.29 [-0.23, 0.82]; P=0.275; studies: 10; participants: 874), non-upright/non-contact exposures (g [95%CI]: 0.70 [1.25, 2.64]; P=0.336; studies: 5; participants: 260), extreme trunk range of motion exposures (g [95%CI]: -0.28 [-1.60, 1.04]; P=0.456; studies: 3; participants: 230) and aerobic-based exposures (g [95%CI]: 0.48 [0.08, 1.04]; P=0.094) were associated. Sensitivity analyses supported the robustness of primary and secondary effect estimates.

CONCLUSION
Greater intervertebral disc health associated with a prior history of upright bipedal physical loading indicates prospective interventions examining upright bipedal exercise effects on intervertebral disc health are warranted.
EDUCATION FOR EXERCISE PROFESSIONALS, DELIVERED BY EXERCISE PROFESSIONALS: THE ACTIVE EDUCATION PROGRAM
Authors: Pithers Miss Nicola , Sharp Miss Tijana 
Published: May 2024

CASE SETTING
Experience as director of a young exercise physiology clinic has facilitated extensive supervision of practicum students and graduates. This exposure has highlighted the inconsistent learning opportunities offered in pilates exercise prescription. This is alarming given the emergence of recent findings that suggest pilates is beneficial in the management of various pathologies.

TREATMENT/INTERVENTION
“The Active Education Program” was developed in January 2023 to facilitate structured learning opportunities for allied health students, graduates and professionals, particularly in the prescription and delivery of pilates based exercise. The courses involved in the program provide professional development in matwork, reformer, other studio equipment and rehabilitation based pilates exercise. Course participants receive a workbook and online exercise library for each course. The foundations and learning outcomes of this program are also embedded in a self-developed exercise science and physiology student placement strategy. Participants were asked to complete a survey on course completion pertaining to resource quality, experience and satisfaction.

RESULTS
A total of 32 participants completed at least one course in 2023. The quality and volume of the online exercise library was rated as ‘exceeding expectations’ by 87.5% and 90.6% participants respectively. The majority of participants (93.8%) felt confident in their ability to prescribe and deliver a matwork pilates class following participation, while 84.4% felt the course provided a high value of contribution to their professional development. Finally, 100% of attendees felt they received enough feedback during the course.

REFLECTIONS/LEARNINGS
The Active Education Program has demonstrated high quality learning experiences and promoted industry readiness. Previous feedback has facilitated the refinement of content and delivery strategies for forthcoming courses. For example, future endeavours include offering an online delivery option to increase program reach. The program will continue to connect professionals and provide a network of support while providing a high quality of professional development.
COMPARING EXERCISE AGAINST A PLACEBO FOR PAIN AND DISABILITY OUTCOMES IN MUSCULOSKELETAL CONDITIONS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW & META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Mishra Isha , Hansford Harrison J , Williams Sam A , Devonshire Jack J , Ferraro Michael C , Gilanyi Yannick , Goodman Avi , Jones Matthew D , McAuley James H 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND
Musculoskeletal conditions are the leading cause of years lived with disability globally, with pain and disability being two of the most important patient-reported outcomes. Exercise is a commonly recommended treatment for musculoskeletal conditions, though it is unclear whether exercise outperforms sham for improving pain and disability. AIM: To determine if exercise improves pain and disability more than sham for people with musculoskeletal conditions.

METHODS
We searched 5 databases and 3 clinical trial registers for randomised controlled trials comparing exercise against sham in people with a musculoskeletal condition. The co-primary outcomes were pain and disability. Data were analysed using random effects meta-analysis or narrative synthesis if &lt; 5 studies were available to be pooled. The certainty of findings was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations tool. Data are presented as mean difference [95% CI], with a difference of &gt;10/100 for pain and &gt;14.5/68 for disability (WOMAC physical function sub-scale) considered clinically meaningful.

RESULTS
Within the 15 included studies, all reported pain intensity and 13 reported disability. There was low certainty evidence that exercise was more efficacious than sham for lowering low back pain (-5.94 [-7.74, -4.15], n=1091), osteoarthritis pain (-6.19 [-14.36, 1.97], n=447) and osteoarthritis disability (-7.95 [-11.45, -4.46], n=211). Narrative synthesis showed varied effects of exercise versus sham on pain and disability in neck pain, as well as on disability in low back pain and other measures of disability in osteoarthritis. No studies were located for rheumatoid arthritis.

CONCLUSION
Based on low certainty evidence from a limited number of studies, exercise may not cause clinically significant differences for pain and disability compared to sham in adults with osteoarthritis and back pain. Further research is needed to confirm this for low back pain and osteoarthritis and to extend the findings other musculoskeletal conditions.
THE ACUTE AND LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF REPEATED SUB-CONCUSSIVE IMPACTS ON MENTAL HEALTH OF ATHLETES: A NARRATIVE REVIEW
Authors: Fox-Harding Dr Caitlin , White Mr Troy , Taylor Ms Tyler , Kendall Dr Kristina 
Published: May 2024

INTRODUCTION & AIMS
Sub-concussive impacts—traumatic blows to the head that fail to present clinically as concussions—may be contributing factors that lead to long-term negative health consequences seen in athletes, including cognitive and emotional disturbances. The aim of this project is to consolidate the current body of literature examining the relationship between sub-concussive impacts and mental health in athletes via a narrative review examining the acute and long-term effects of sub-concussive impacts in athletes.

METHODS
Two undergraduate research cadets assisted the research team with identifying and organizing relevant literature in the topic area. This systematic search was first conducted in April 2023 with a final search conducted in August 2023 using a combination of manual searching and databases (e.g., PubMed). Studies were saved and exported to Excel for further analysis. Inclusion criteria included the need for the study to have been conducted in an athletic population with mental health outcomes being surveyed as a result of concussion or sub-concussion head impacts. Components of the articles were documented in an Excel spreadsheet with considerations for year of publication, country of origin, study design, sport, and purpose of study.

RESULTS
Fifty-seven studies were thoroughly reviewed via a full-text analysis to determine whether inclusion criteria were met. Six studies were included in the final review. Despite a consistent positive association between history of concussion and depression being identified, limited and inconsistent findings were observed in studies evaluating sub-concussive impacts. Definitions varied for what constituted a sub-concussive head injury, further diluting the availability of high-quality research in this topic area.

CONCLUSION
This narrative review has identified a limited amount of research conducted on the impact of sub-concussive head injuries on the mental health of athletes. This warrants further investigation as the implications of concussion and sub-concussive head impacts continue to affect the lives of athletes everywhere.
EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY SERVICES FOR INPATIENTS IN AN ACUTE TRANSDIAGNOSTIC MENTAL HEALTH SERVICE
Authors: Wright Dr Kemi , Furzer Dr Bonnie , McMahen Caleb , Luke Jessica , Herbert Brittany , Boyd Conor , Edoo Azam 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND & AIMS
Exercise interventions are increasingly utilised in mental health services to mitigate the poor physical health and elevated health risks seen in mental illness. To-date much of the research has focused on specific diagnostic classifications, rather than the commonly occurring transdiagnostic presentation. We sought to determine the feasibility of exercise physiology services for inpatients in an acute, transdiagnostic mental health service and whether general affect changed following exercise sessions.

METHODS
Data was collected from service records over a period spanning January 2020 – August 2022, and patient demographics and service information were explored. Additionally, a subset of inpatients (n= 108), reported perceptions of exercise and associations between variables were assessed between- and within-person.

RESULTS
During the 32-month audit 371 inpatients engaged, mean age 36 years (SD=12.33, range = 18-69) and mean length of stay was 36 days (SD=45, range = 3-445). The most frequent principal diagnosis was Schizophrenia or other psychotic disorder (38.4%), with 72% of inpatients had multiple psychiatric diagnoses. Physical health comorbidity was common, with 56% of patients having physical health diagnoses, predominantly cardiometabolic diseases (n= 94). There were 1386 exercise service engagements, with patient engagement ranging from 1-36 exercise session during their stay, of which 98.7% were in the hospital gym. There was a significant positive change in affect, with exertion was not related to changes in affect, however those who exercised for greater than 30min saw larger positive changes in affect.

CONCLUSION
Embedding Clinical Exercise Physiology services within mental healthcare settings can provide tailored exercise interventions for people with transdiagnostic presentations to address both physical and mental health outcomes. Participation in—and importantly, enjoyment of—exercise was linked to changes in general affect and may present a novel and important component of acute mood support for those in inpatient services.
REAL-TIME HIP RANGE OF MOVEMENT MEASUREMENT IN TELEREHABILITATION; COMPARISON OF HUMAN POSE ESTIMATION TOOL, PHYSIOROM, VS 3D MOTION CAPTURE SYSTEM
Authors: Seaby Mr Ray , Ebert Dr Jay , Joss Dr Brendan , Edwards Dr Peter , Ackland Prof Tim 
Published: May 2024

INTRODUCTION AND AIMS
Telerehabilitation is widely acknowledged, but its adoption in musculoskeletal cohorts has been restricted due to challenges in accurately measuring objective parameters such as range of movement (ROM). This research assesses the accuracy of a human pose estimation tool utilising two-dimensional (2D) video (PhysioROM, Coviu) for evaluating active hip flexion and abduction ROM during common rehabilitation exercises, compared to three-dimensional (3D) motion capture.

METHODS
Fifty participants (18 to 80 years) were recruited, each performing three common hip movements; standing hip flexion, standing hip abduction and a sit-to-stand. The motions were captured using the 12-camera, 3D Vicon motion capture system in conjunction with simultaneous 2D video, simulating a home telehealth consultation scenario. Joint kinematics were computed using either the Vicon Plug-in Gait model (3D Vicon) or the human pose estimation tool integrated into the PhysioROM algorithm (2D PhysioROM).

RESULTS
No significant differences were observed in peak hip ROM measurements during the tasks undertaken. Mean peak hip flexion was 2.4° (p=1.0) less for 3D Vicon versus 2D PhysioROM in standing hip flexion, though 2.1° (p=0.46) greater during sit-to-stand movement. Hip abduction was 5.3° (p&lt; 0.001) less for 3D Vicon versus 2D PhysioROM in standing hip abduction. Statistical parametric mapping revealed significant differences (p&lt;0.001) in hip flexion between Vicon 3D and 2D PhysioROM for 32% of timepoints for both standing hip flexion and sit-to-stand movements, clustered around full hip extension. During standing hip abduction, significant differences (p&lt;0.001) were found at 58% of timepoints clustered around neutral postures. Overall mean absolute deviation was 10.1°, 9.7° and 9.0° for hip flexion/extension, sit-to-stand, and hip abduction respectively.

CONCLUSION
Validity of PhysioROM to accurately measure peak hip flexion and peak hip abduction was high. PhysioROM may provide an effective method of accurately and objectively quantifying hip movement during a telerehabilitation session using 2D video.
TELEREHABILITATION ASSESSMENT OF KNEE RANGE OF MOVEMENT; COMPARISON OF HUMAN POSE ESTIMATION TOOL, PHYSIOROM, VS 3D MOTION CAPTURE SYSTEM
Authors: Seaby Mr Ray , Ebert Dr Jay , Joss Dr Brendan , Edwards Dr Peter , Ackland Prof Tim 
Published: May 2024

INTRODUCTION AND AIMS
Telerehabilitation is increasingly acknowledged, though uptake remains limited by an inability to accurately undertake objective measurement. This study sought to determine the validity of a human pose estimation tool (PhysioROM, Coviu) assessed via two-dimensional (2D) video to measure active knee flexion and extension movement during common rehabilitation exercises, versus gold-standard three-dimensional (3D) motion capture.

METHODS
Fifty participants were recruited (aged 18 to 30), each performing three common knee rehabilitation exercises; sit-to-stand, seated and reclined active knee flexion. Movements were recorded using the 12-camera, 3D Vicon motion capture system simultaneously with 2D video simulating a home telehealth consultation. Joint kinematics were calculated using the Vicon Plug-in Gait model (3D Vicon) or the human pose estimation tool within the PhysioROM algorithm (2D PhysioROM).

RESULTS
Mean peak knee flexion was 3.1°, 9.9° and 24.8° (p&lt;0.001) greater for 3D Vicon versus 2D PhysioROM (sit-to-stand, seated flexion and reclined flexion, respectively). For peak knee extension, Vicon 3D was 2.4° and 1.93° greater than 2D PhysioROM in sit-to-stand (p=0.020) and seated flexion (p&lt; 0.001), whilst 3.6° less than PhysioROM for reclined knee flexion (p=0.030). Statistical parametric mapping revealed significant differences between Vicon 3D and PhysioROM for 71% and 42% of timepoints (p&lt;0.001) for seated and reclined movements, clustered around full knee flexion. Significant differences were also found at an additional 37% (p&lt;0.001) of timepoints clustered around knee extension for reclined postures. Overall mean absolute deviation was 8.7°, 7.6° and 16.5° for sit-to-stand, seated flexion and reclined flexion, respectively.

CONCLUSION
Validity of PhysioROM to accurately measure knee flexion was high, less so in extension, during sit-to stand movements in a seated posture. Measurement in a reclined position were less accurate. PhysioROM may provide an effective method of accurately and objectively quantifying knee movement during a telerehabilitation session using 2D video.
EXERCISE IS MEDICINE, BUT FOR WHAT? A MAPPING REVIEW OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY RECOMMENDATIONS IN THE UK NICE CLINICAL GUIDELINES
Authors: Jones Matthew D , Goodman Mr Avi , Ferraro Mr Michael , Hansford Mr Harrison , McAuley James H 
Published: May 2024

INTRODUCTION & AIMS
Clinical guidelines are used to inform best practice care, with research evidence a key aspect informing guideline recommendations. Physical activity is recommended for the management of a large variety of health conditions; however, the conditions that physical activity is recommended for has not been synthesised, nor has the quality of the evidence that informs these guideline recommendations.

METHODS
To understand the extent and type of evidence for physical activity recommendations across different health conditions in the UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) clinical guidelines.

METHODS
NICE was searched for clinical guidelines that recommended physical activity in the management/treatment of a health condition. Data relating to the condition, guideline date, physical activity recommendation(s) (general or specific), and evidence underpinning the recommendations was extracted. Where applicable, recommendations for research, priorities for implementation, and impact of the recommendations was also extracted.

RESULTS
221 clinical guidelines were reviewed, of which 52 provided one or more physical activity recommendations and were included in the analysis. The guidelines covered a range of conditions including cardiovascular, mental health, metabolic, neurological, musculoskeletal, and others. Most guidelines (n=43) provided general physical activity recommendations (e.g. advice to be active) whereas only 9 provided specific recommendations (e.g. type and dose of physical activity). The evidence underpinning the physical activity recommendations in the guidelines was mixed but was mostly based on very low-moderate quality evidence. Despite this, few guidelines recommended further research around physical activity.

CONCLUSION
Physical activity is recommended in many clinical guidelines, demonstrating its perceived importance for improving health across a wide range of different conditions. The mostly low-quality evidence on which these recommendations are based questions why more guidelines do not recommend further high-quality research into physical activity. This would improve confidence in the evidence and hence confidence in the recommendations made by the guidelines.
EFFECTS OF PRE-MATCH TRAVEL AND TRAINING ON PHYSICAL AND TECHNICAL PERFORMANCE IN INTERNATIONAL FOOTBALL MATCHES
Authors: Clements Ewan , Ehrmann Fabian , Clark Andrew , Jones Dr Mark , McCall Dr Alan , Duffield Professor Rob 
Published: May 2024

INTRODUCTION & AIMS
International footballers (soccer) are regularly required to travel directly from club to national team with only a few days to recover and prepare for matches. The combined stress of travel and training loads may therefore influence match performance. This research aims to examine the relationship of pre-match travel and in-camp training on ensuing physical and technical match performance of footballers competing for a national team.

METHODS
Match running and technical performance data were obtained from 68 national team footballers competing in international matches (n=108). Match performance data was aligned with confirmed travel durations, time zone change, travel direction, and the time between arrival and kick-off for travel into the match. Additionally, in-camp training loads for GPS for the 3 days prior to national team matches were also collated. Linear mixed models assessed relationships between travel and training measures with physical and technical match performance outcomes.

RESULTS
Travel variables explained little variance in outcomes (R2=0.02-0.16). Travelling eastward was associated with an increase in total (p=0.042) and very high-speed distance (p=0.030) in matches and a 5% decrease in pass accuracy (p=0.012). Greater time zone difference was associated with increased match decelerations (p=0.027), while arriving earlier for matches was associated with decreased total tackles (p=0.041). Increases in training high-speed distance were associated with increases in match high-speed distance (p=0.004) and number of decelerations (p&lt;0.001). An increase in training total distance was associated with a decrease in match decelerations (p=0.002).

CONCLUSIONS
Pre-match travel appeared to have minimal effects on physical and technical performance in this national team, especially given most players arrived at least 40h prior to matches. Training loads prior to matches may have some relationship with match running performance and thus readiness to train should be a priority for athletes arriving in national team camps.
IT’S NEVER TOO LATE TO START: A CASE FOR PREVENTATIVE OUTPATIENT GERIATRIC SERVICES
Authors: Hawkins Ms Tess , Cooper Ms Ella , Williamson Ms Kate , Pepper Ms Taylah , Cullen A/Prof John , Waite A/Prof Louise 
Published: May 2024

INTRODUCTION & AIMS
The population is ageing and the chronic disease burden growing, seeing more older adults present to hospital with preventable non-communicable diseases. Multidisciplinary outpatient teams are well placed to manage modifiable risk factors to prevent disease progression and hospitalisations. A preventative service was launched at Concord Hospital integrating geriatrician, exercise physiologist and dietitian care to optimise the physical and mental health of older adults with chronic disease and frailty. This evaluation aims to determine the success of service implementation and feasibility of the model.

METHODS
Between November 2022 and June 2023, 59 patients (mean age 80.2 years (SD 6.2), 47.5% female) completed 12-weeks of concurrent exercise and diet interventions with medical oversight. Patients were assessed pre- and post-interventions. Exercise was individualised and multimodal, performed twice weekly in a supervised group. Diet was individualised with a protein supplement prescribed as appropriate. The outcomes measured were Fried Frailty Phenotype (FFP), leg strength (one repetition maximum leg press), Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form (GDS), and Mini Nutritional Assessment Long Form (MNA). Service activity was measured monthly via rate of referral and occasions of service (OOS). Data were analysed using JASP (v.0.18.1).

RESULTS
Monthly rate of referral and OOS increased from 18 to 51 patients and 49 to 479 occasions respectively, indicating service demand. After 12-weeks there were significant improvements in FFP (mean difference [95%CI] -0.4 [-0.7, -0.2] points), leg strength (34.0 [27.1, 40.8] kilograms), SPPB (1.1 [0.8, 1.5] points), GDS (-1.4 [-2.2, -0.6] points) and MNA (2.6 [1.6, 3.5] points), with no effect of sex observed.

CONCLUSION
Initial implementation of a preventative outpatient geriatric service was successful with increasing service demand and significant physical and mental health improvements. The service model is feasible; however, further evaluation is required to determine outcomes after continued service provision.