bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cross-border data sharing through the lens of research ethics committee members in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Cengiz Nezerith , Kabanda Siti M. , Moodley Keymanthri 
Published: May 2024

Background
Several factors thwart successful data sharing—ambiguous or fragmented regulatory landscapes, conflicting institutional/researcher interests and varying levels of data science-related expertise are among these. Traditional ethics oversight mechanisms and practices may not be well placed to guarantee adequate research oversight given the unique challenges presented by digital technologies and artificial intelligence (AI). Data-intensive research has raised new, contextual ethics and legal challenges that are particularly relevant in an African research setting. Yet, no empirical research has been conducted to explore these challenges.

Materials and methods
We explored REC members’ views and experiences on data sharing by conducting 20 semi-structured interviews online between June 2022 and February 2023. Using purposive sampling and snowballing, we recruited representatives across sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). We transcribed verbatim and thematically analysed the data with Atlas.ti V22.

Results
Three dominant themes were identified: (i) experiences in reviewing data sharing protocols, (ii) perceptions of data transfer tools and (iii) ethical, legal and social challenges of data sharing. Several sub-themes emerged as: (i.a) frequency of and approaches used in reviewing data sharing protocols, (i.b) practical/technical challenges, (i.c) training, (ii.a) ideal structure of data transfer tools, (ii.b) key elements of data transfer tools, (ii.c) implementation level, (ii.d) key stakeholders in developing and reviewing a data transfer agreement (DTA), (iii.a) confidentiality and anonymity, (iii.b) consent, (iii.c) regulatory frameworks, and (iii.d) stigmatisation and discrimination.

Conclusions
Our results indicated variability in REC members’ perceptions, suboptimal awareness of the existence of data protection laws and a unanimously expressed need for REC member training. To promote efficient data sharing within and across SSA, guidelines that incorporate ethical, legal and social elements need to be developed in consultation with relevant stakeholders and field experts, along with the training accreditation of REC members in the review of data-intensive protocols.
Motivating factors for physical activity participation among individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A qualitative study applying the motivation, opportunity, and ability model
Authors: Liao Yuanyu , Yu Jiaohua , Zhan Yuxin , Liu Yunfang , Zhou Yaoling , Wang Huan , Liu Xinghong , Wang Weiwei , Ma Yu , Lan Fenfen 
Published: May 2024

Objective
The study aims to explore the driving forces behind physical activity engagement among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, focusing on motivation, opportunity, and capability.

Design
A phenomenological qualitative study applied the motivation, opportunity, and capability model, conducted in two respiratory units of a Chinese university hospital.

Methods
Participants, selected by age, gender, and illness duration, included inpatients during the interview sessions and those recently discharged within six months. One-on-one semi-structured interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed by the Colaizzi seven-step method.

Results
Seventeen participants diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease for over one year aged between 66 (range: 42–96) participated. Three major themes were identified: Inspiring participation motivation—transitioning from recognizing significance to habit formation; Offering participation opportunities—reiterating demand for personalized strategies and ideal environmental settings; Enhancing participation capability—addressing strategies for overcoming fears, setting goals, ensuring safety, and adjusting activity levels.

Conclusions
This research underscores the vital role of inspiring participation motivation, offering opportunities, and enhancing the capability for participation in effective engagement. Advocating increased attention from healthcare departments, fostering interdisciplinary collaboration, improving activity guidance and counseling effectiveness, and considering individual preferences can significantly benefit those patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who hesitate or are unable to participate in physical activities, thereby increasing the dose of non-leisure time physical activity.
Novel Metaphor Recognition, Interpretation and Construction: Barriers Face Kurds as Non-native English Speakers
Authors: Fattah Bikhtiyar O. 
Published: May 2024

This study which is titled ‘Novel Metaphor Recognition and Interpretation: Barriers Face Kurds as Non-native English speakers’ considers the recognition and the interpretation process difficulty of English novel metaphors. Novel metaphor is one of the most problematic types of metaphor in which its creation, recognition and interpretation usually require a higher level of efficiency. This sort of metaphor is highly connected with personal established conceptual systems which probably cause misunderstanding among interactants: native and non-native ones. This study aims at identifying novel metaphor, determining the nature of problems that Kurds as non-native English speakers face in recognizing novel metaphors in English. Thus, it would be helpful for both non-native English learners and speakers to improve their English comprehension and construction competence. The current study makes use of both quantitative and qualitative approach in the process of data analysis; and it has come up with the conclusion that the insufficiency in English communicative language competence, cognitive analysis proficiency, and background knowledge are three main problems in the process of recognizing and interpreting novel metaphors.
بەراوردكرنا پروژێن لێكسیكی و ئەركی
Authors: ئەمین شلێر نایف 
Published: May 2024

ئەڤ لێكۆلینە ل ژێر ناڤ و نیشانێ (بەراوردکرنا پروژێن لێكسیكی و ئەركی د دیالێکتا كرمانجیا سەری – گوڤەرا بەهدینیدا) پروژێن لێكسیكی و ئەركی رۆلەکێ کاریگەر دگێرن د شروڤەكرنا یەکێن وەکی (فرێز و رستە) اندا ب هەمی جورێن وانڤە، چونکی ب شێواز و رێکارەکێ نوی ڤان یەکان شروڤەدکەن. ل دویڤ بنەمایێن رێزمانا گشتگیر، پێدڤیە هەر رۆنانەکا سینتاکسی سەرەیەک هەبیت، پروژێن لێكسیكی هەر ئێک ژ فرێزێن (ناڤ، کار، ئامراز، هەڤالناڤ) ی بخوڤەدگرن، بەلێ پروژێن ئەرکی گەلەگ ژ دانێن مۆرفۆسینتاکسێن (کار، ناڤ ، هەڤالناڤ) دکەتە سەرە د پروژاندا ئەڤە ژبلی رستا نەسادە. هەرئێک ژڤان هەردوو پروژان ب تمامکەرێ یێ دی دهێتە هژمارتن، هەردووکان هەمان بەها و گرنگی هەیە بۆ رۆنانێن سینتاکسی، هەرئێک ژوان پروژان خودان تایبەتیێن خونە بۆ رەفتارکرنێ ژ لایێ لقەتیورێن (رۆنانا فرێزان (X.Bar)، دوخ، دەستهەلات، رۆلێن واتایێ، جهگوهورین). مەرەما سەرەکی ژ ڤێ لێکۆلینێ دیارکرنا لایەنێن جوداهیێ د ناڤبەرا پروژێن ناڤبریدا، دیارکرنا گرنگی و بەهایێ هەر کەرەستەکی د هەر جورە پروژەکیدا ئەڤە ژ لایەکی، ژ لایەکی دیڤە لێکۆلەری ڤیایە دیارکەت ئەو چ پەرامێتەر و بنەمایێن رێزمانا گشتگیرن خۆ د چارچوڤێ گوڤەرا بەهدینیدا دبینن، کو رۆلێ هەی د ئاراستێ دوخ و دەستهەلات و جهگوهورینێدا. لێکۆلین ژ دوو تەوەرێن سەرەکی پێکدهێت، تەوەرێ ئێکێ نواندنا لایەنێ تیوری یێ بابەتی دکەت، بەلێ تەوەرێ دووێ نواندنا لایەنێ پراکتیکی دکەت کو ل دویڤ پێدڤیێ ب نموونەڤە بابەت هاتینە شرۆڤەکرن، ل دوماهیێ گرنگترین ئەنجامێن لێکۆلینێ هاتینە دیارکرن.
Death at Hajj Qadir al-Koyi
Authors: Ismahil Mudhafar M. 
Published: May 2024

The phenomenon of death has always been a major question and subject of human interest, and therefore man tried in various ways to achieve immortality, and when he knew that he could not accomplish that, he resorted to philosophy and private opinions to comfort him and adapt to that. Of course, some of this is reflected in the context of religions and religious beliefs, and this is perhaps the most obvious kind of a death point of view. Through the importance of death and its impact on human thought, opinion, and action, as well as the fact that Haji Qadri Koyi was a religious man in his time, we conducted this research to show what death is from his point of view. This study attempts to explain what death is and provide different perspectives. And to answer these questions: Is death the end of life? Or is it the beginning of another life? What are the forms of death? Does someone's death end everything? What are the types of death? What was Haji Kadri Koy's view of death as a thinker, poet, and writer, and how did he describe it in his poems? This research, which was conducted using the descriptive analytical method, is divided into two main parts. In the first part, an attempt was made to explain the concept of death and the different views on death. In the second part, which is a practical part, we present examples of poems in which the poet talks about death and presents his views on it. In the end, we came to several conclusions, Haji says, people can continue to live after death because of their actions. Then we listed the sources and wrote a summary of the research in both Arabic and English.
الأبادة الجماعية وتاثيراتها على المراة الفيلية
Authors: Fattah Media I. 
Published: May 2024

تهدف الدراسة الى معرفة الآثار النفسية والأجتماعية للأبادة الجماعية والتهجير القسري على المرأة الفيلية في مراحل قبل وأثناء وبعد الجريمة، ولغرض تحقيق أهداف الدراسة تم اعتماد المنهج الكيفي الى جانب المقابلة كأداة لجمع البيانات، حيث قامت الباحثة بأجراء دراسة أستطلاعية عن طريق أجراء مقابلات مفتوحة مع عدد من الكتاب والصحفيين ذوي الخبرة والمعلومات المعمقة حول قضية الكورد الفيلين والأبادة الجماعية والتهجير القسري، الى جانب مقابلات شبه مقننة مع (14) أمرأة من النساء الفيليات اللائي عاصرن جريمة الأبادة الجماعية وتعرضن وذويهم للتهجير القسري. توزعت العينة على مناطق مختلفة في أقليم كوردستان والعراق والخارج (أربيل، بغداد، بريطانيا، خانقين، سوران). وقد أظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن المراة الفيلية عانت الكثير من المآسي والمعاناة والضغوط النفسية والأسرية والأجتماعية والأقتصادية والتي أدت الى أمراض جسدية مزمنة ذات جذور نفسية وأضطرابات نفسية كالقلق والشك وعدم الثقة في الآخرين ودرجات مختلفة من الأكتئاب المزمن المصاحب لنوبات من الخوف والهلع والفزع عند أستذكار الظروف القاسية للجريمة. أضافة الى أزمة الهوية الذاتية والأجتماعية الى جانب متلازمة النوستالجيا أو الحنين الى الماضي. الا أن قوة الشخصية والأرادة التي تتمتع بها جعلتها تخوض صراع البقاء والدفاع عن أسرتها وأطفالها وذويها بجدارة، وتمكنت من اعادة التوازن النفسي والأجتماعي للأسرة الفيلية على الرغم من عمق الآثار النفسية للجريمة التي لاتزال تعاني منها لغاية الآن.
Current implications of EEG and fNIRS as functional neuroimaging techniques for motor recovery after stroke
Authors: Sun Xiaolong , Dai Chunqiu , Wu Xiangbo , Han Tao , Li Qiaozhen , Lu Yixing , Liu Xinyu , Yuan Hua 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Persistent motor deficits are highly prevalent among post-stroke survivors, contributing significantly to disability. Despite the prevalence of these deficits, the precise mechanisms underlying motor recovery after stroke remain largely elusive. The exploration of motor system reorganization using functional neuroimaging techniques represents a compelling yet challenging avenue of research. Quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) parameters, including the power ratio index, brain symmetry index, and phase synchrony index, have emerged as potential prognostic markers for overall motor recovery post-stroke. Current evidence suggests a correlation between qEEG parameters and functional motor outcomes in stroke recovery. However, accurately identifying the source activity poses a challenge, prompting the integration of EEG with other neuroimaging modalities, such as functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). fNIRS is nowadays widely employed to investigate brain function, revealing disruptions in the functional motor network induced by stroke. Combining these two methods, referred to as integrated fNIRS-EEG, neural activity and hemodynamics signals can be pooled out and offer new types of neurovascular coupling-related features, which may be more accurate than the individual modality alone. By harnessing integrated fNIRS-EEG source localization, brain connectivity analysis could be applied to characterize cortical reorganization associated with stroke, providing valuable insights into the assessment and treatment of post-stroke motor recovery.
Performance analysis of pulse detonation ramjet
Authors: Luo Zhenkun , Zheng Longxi , Lu Jie , Peng Chenxu , Xiao Zhiyi , Zhang Jiabo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A Pulse Detonation Ramjet (PDR) performance evaluation model is established based on the component-based method. The influence law of working parameters of pulse detonation combustor (PDC), PDR geometry parameters, flight speed and altitude on the performance is analyzed. Results are as follows. (1) With the increase of the equivalent ratio, the PDR specific thrust first increases and then decreases, reaching a maximum value around 1.2, but the fuel specific impulse always decreases; (2) The change of inlet throat cross-sectional area has little effect on specific thrust and fuel specific impulse, but the increase of nozzle throat cross-sectional area will have a negative effect; (3) PDR specific thrust and fuel specific impulse increase first and then decrease with the increase of flight Mach number and altitude; (4) Compared with a ramjet engine, the advantage range of PDR can reach 18.04 %, but gradually decreases with the increase of Mach number.
Effects of Photobiomodulation on Pain and Return to Play of Injured Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Morgan Richard M. , Wheeler Tyler D. , Poolman Mark A. , Haugen Erin N. J. , LeMire Steven D. , Fitzgerald John S. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Morgan, RM, Wheeler, TD, Poolman, MA, Haugen, ENJ, LeMire, SD, and Fitzgerald, JS. Effects of photobiomodulation on pain and return to play of injured athletes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Strength Cond Res 38(6): e310–e319, 2024—The aims of this systematic review and meta-analysis were to evaluate the effect of photobiomodulation (PBM) on musculoskeletal pain in injured athletes and to determine if the effects of PBM allowed injured athletes to return to play faster. Electronic databases (MEDLINE Complete, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase) were systematically searched (up to and including November 7, 2023) for peer-reviewed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) meeting criteria. Six RCTs, representing 205 competitive and recreational athletes with a mean age of 24 years, were included in the analysis. There were 6 intervention groups using standard physical therapy (n = 1), placebo PBM (n = 4), and aloe gel (n = 1) lasting between 10 minutes and 8 weeks in duration. The level of significance set for the study was p < 0.05. Overall, the use of PBM indicated a positive effect on pain reduction for PBM vs. control groups, standardized mean differences = 1.03, SE = 0.22, 95% confidence intervals = [0.43–1.63], p = 0.0089, but the 2 RCTs found evaluating the effect of PBM on time to return to play after injury in athletes do not support a benefit. Allied healthcare professionals may use PBM to reduce pain, thus allowing an athlete to return to their normal biomechanical movement faster; however, limited evidence suggests that PBM does not reduce time to return to play after an injury.
Injury Profiles of Elite, Semielite, and Recreational Golfers, and Their Associated Risk Factors: A Systematic Review
Authors: Garrett Joel M. , Beaumont Patrick L. , van den Hoek Daniel J. , Veugelers Kristopher , Schmitz Melissa , Bennett Hunter 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Garrett, JM, Beaumont, PL, van den Hoek, DJ, Veugelers, K, Schmitz, M, and Bennett, H. Injury profiles of elite, semielite, and recreational golfers, and their associated risk factors: a systematic review. J Strength Cond Res 38(6): 1157–1176, 2024—Golf is one of the most participated sports played worldwide. However, how injury distributions change between different golf populations is unknown, and associated injury risk factors are unclear. Therefore, this review aimed to describe the common musculoskeletal injuries in different golf populations and identify their associated risk factors. A systematic search was performed to identify eligible articles through PubMed, SPORTDiscus, EMBASE, and Scopus up until September 4, 2023. Of the 4643 studies identified, 58 satisfied the inclusion criteria. Data from 10,437 subjects were extracted, with the most common area of injury to all golf populations being the lower back. Different injury distributions were found between populations with elite male golfers (n = 1924 injuries, 62% of all injuries) and recreational male golfers (n = 442 injuries, 45% of all injuries) reporting the trunk as the most injured region, whereas upper-extremity injuries were the most prevalent injury in elite female golfers (n = 890 injuries, 42% of all injuries) and recreational female golfers (n = 178 injuries, 47% of all injuries). Range-of-motion deficits at the hip and spine were identified as risk factors for elite golfers, whereas measures of lower-limb and trunk strength endurance were identified as risk factors for recreational golfers, suggesting areas of focus for golf practitioners. However, there is a paucity of robust studies evaluating the epidemiology of musculoskeletal injuries in all golf populations, and because of the variety of methods and measures used, detailed comparisons and definitive recommendations were difficult to make. Nonetheless, this review provides an overview of the common golf injuries and possible risk factors, which can aid partitioners in developing strategies for injury prevention for all golfing demographics.
Exploring 2D X-ray diffraction phase fraction analysis with convolutional neural networks: Insights from kinematic-diffraction simulations
Authors: Yue Weiqi , Mehdi Mohommad Redad , Tripathi Pawan K. , Willard Matthew A. , Ernst Frank , French Roger H. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDeep-learning models are effective for analyzing the complex information in 2D X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns. Accurately collecting parameters of the material sample is crucial during model training, significantly impacting model performance. In this study, we employ a kinematic-diffraction simulator to generate simulated 2D XRD patterns for Ti–6Al–4V alloy, allowing precise control of sample parameters. These simulated patterns are used to train convolutional neural networks, predicting $$\upbeta$$
β
-phase volume fractions. The training data set consists exclusively of 2D XRD patterns with pure $$\upalpha$$
α
- or pure $$\upbeta$$
β
-phase, while the testing set incorporates patterns with intermediate phase volume fraction. In particular, we investigate how the architectures of the model influence prediction reliability and computational performance. Experimental results reveal that, with appropriate training, the convolutional neural network accurately detects intermediate phase volume fractions even trained with only pure-phase patterns, achieving a mean square error accuracy of $$9.4 \times 10^{-4}$$

9.4
×

10

-
4

.
Graphical abstract
Choosing Appropriate Regularization Parameters by Splitting Data into Training and Validation Sets—Application in Global Surface-Wave Tomography
Authors: Ma Zhitu , Mir Ramees R. , Dalton Colleen A. , Godfrey Karen E. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Many linear(ized) geophysical inverse problems cannot be solved without regularization. Finding the regularization parameter that best balances the model complexity and data misfit is often a key step in the inversion problem. Traditionally, this is done by first plotting the measure of model complexity versus data misfit for different values of regularization parameter, which manifests as an L-shaped curve, and then choosing the regularization parameter corresponding to the corner point on the L-curve. For this approach, the difference in units between model complexity and data misfit must be considered, otherwise the result will be strongly affected by the scaling between these two quantities. Inspired by the machine learning literature, we here propose an extension to the traditional L-curve method. We first split the raw dataset into training and validation sets, obtain a solution by performing inversion on the training set only, and calculate data misfits on the validation set. We demonstrate the efficacy of this approach with a toy example and with two synthetic datasets. In realistic global surface-wave tomography studies where sampling of the Earth is nonuniform, we devise a procedure to generate a validation dataset with sampling as uniform as possible. We then show that the regularization parameter can be determined using this validation set, and this determination is apparently robust to the ratio of data split between training and validation sets. For both synthetic tests and realistic inversions, we find that our procedure can produce a minimal point that can be easily identified on the misfit curves calculated on the validation sets, and avoids the nuances encountered in the traditional L-curve analysis.
EDUCAR PARA VIVER EM PLENITUDE
Authors: Fleuri Reinaldo Matias 
Published: May 2024

O sistema mundo moderno colonial se encontra em profunda crise, gerando impasses que colocam em risco a própria sobrevivência da humanidade em nosso planeta, tais como os limiares do colapso ambiental, da guerra nuclear e da erosão das democracias. A implosão dos projetos socioculturais da modernidade está sendo potencializada pelos múltiplos e variados movimentos populares, que estão promovendo a reexistência de seus modos de ser e de viver, constitutivos de sabedorias e relações de poder ancestrais. A tensão entre modernidade e ancestralidade problematiza as múltiplas fronteiras singulares que separam não somente corpos e raças, mas delimitam rupturas e trocas culturais nos espaços cognitivos, intelectuais, culturais, sociais, ecossistêmicos. Os povos originários – representados por movimentos indígenas, quilombolas, de povos tradicionais, entre tantos outros – rompem os estigmas e jugos coloniais, que os têm colocado na posição socialmente passiva, subalterna, marginal, e assumem o protagonismo na reconstrução do tecido social com base em princípios ancestrais de vida em plenitude. Nesta perspectiva, buscaremos aqui retomar os princípios ancestrais do Bem Viver, ou Vida em Plenitude, para delimitar o problema constituído pela contradição emergente na oposição entre a modernidade e a ancestralidade, que se configuram na contradição entre a colonialidade e o Bem-Viver. Neste contexto, apontaremos as implicações do Bem-Viver para as concepções de educação popular, como a que foi enunciada por Paulo Freire.