bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Moving beyond species: Fungal function in house dust provides novel targets for potential indicators of mold growth in homes
Authors: Balasubrahmaniam Neeraja , King Jon C. , Hegarty Bridget , Dannemiller Karen C. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background:
Increased risk of asthma and other respiratory disease is associated with exposures to microbial communities growing in damp and moldy indoor environments. The exact causal mechanisms remain unknown, and occupant health effects have not been consistently associated with any species-based mold measurement methods. We need new quantitative methods to identify homes with potentially harmful fungal growth that are not dependent upon species. The goal of this study was to identify genes consistently associated with fungal growth and associated function under damp conditions for use as potential indicators of mold in homes regardless of fungal species present. A de novo metatranscriptomic analysis was performed using house dust from across the US, incubated at 50%, 85%, or 100% equilibrium relative humidity (ERH) for one week.
Results:
Gene expression was a function of moisture (adonis2 p<0.001), with fungal metabolic activity increasing with increase in moisture condition (Kruskal-Wallis p=0.003). Genes associated with fungal growth such as sporulation (n=264), hyphal growth (n=62) and secondary metabolism (n=124) were significantly upregulated at elevated ERH conditions when compared to the low 50% ERH (FDR-adjusted p≤0.001, log2FC≥2), indicating that fungal function is influenced by damp conditions. A total of 67 genes were identified as consistently associated with the elevated 85% or 100% ERH conditions and included fungal developmental regulators and secondary metabolite genes such as brlA (log2FC=7.39, upregulated at 100% compared to 85%) and stcC (log2FC=8.78, upregulated at 85% compared to 50%).
Conclusions:
Our results demonstrate that moisture conditions more strongly influence gene expression of indoor fungal communities compared to species presence. Identifying genes indicative of microbial growth under damp conditions will help develop robust monitoring techniques for indoor microbial exposures and improve understanding of how dampness and mold is linked to disease.
Statistically Inspired Discrepancy Detection for Anomalous Spatio-Temporal Graphs
Authors: Tiwari Atharv , Chatterjee Shreyash , Padmakumar Siddharth , Nair Sushanth , Das Bhaskarjyoti 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Anomaly detection in dynamic graphs is a critical topic with applications in many fields, such as fraud detection and network security. This paper tackles the difficulties in locating abnormalities in time-varying graphs by presenting a novel divide-and-conquer method. We combine Graph Convolutional Networks (GCN) and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) to predict future node values on temporal graphs, followed by a macro and micro-level analysis. At the macro level, we present a novel algorithm to extract correlation-based subgraphs. The values obtained for each subgraph allow us to concentrate on subgraphs that show significant anomalies, effectively minimizing the challenges in node-level anomaly detection. This is followed by a micro-level analysis of the node contributions and temporal properties within the identified anomalous subgraphs. By combining macro and micro-level analysis with a machine learning-based approach, our method provides an efficient approach for zoning in on anomalies, significantly speeding up computation.
Peroneus Longus Autograft versus Hamstring Autograft in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: One-year Follow-up Comparative Study
Authors: Mostafa Ibrahim Ahmed , Zayed Emad Mohamed , Ibrahim Islam Ibrahim Mohammad 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background: Most injuries to the knee ligaments that occur in sports and accidents involve the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). ACL reconstruction (ACLR) aids in restoring knee function and stability. The main autograft options available are the hamstring tendon (HT) and the bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB).
Objectives: To compare the function and outcomes of the knee and ankle following ACLR using peroneus longus tendon (PLT) and hamstring tendon (HT) autografts.
Patients and methods: Patients who underwent isolated single-bundle ACL reconstruction were divided into two groups. (hamstring tendon and peroneus longus tendon groups) and observed for one year. The functional scores of the knee (IKDC, Lysholm and modified Cincinnati) were assessed preoperatively and 1 year after surgery, as was thegraft diameter intraoperatively. Ankle morbidity was assessed using the AOFAS, FADI and VAS-FA scores in the peroneus longus group, in addition to thigh circumference measurements in both groups.
Results: One hundred thirty patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were assigned to two groups (peroneus longus, n=65; hamstring, n=65). No significant differences in functional scores were observed between the groups. A significantly larger graft was observed in the peroneus longus group. The peroneus longus group showed excellent donor ankle function based on functional scores.
Conclusion: PLT full-thickness autografts provide a stable painless knee, with an excellent range of motion and improved quality of life, comparable to those of hamstring tendon autografts at the one-year follow-up, with less thigh hypotrophy and excellent ankle function.
Assessment of Complementary Feeding Practices and Associated Factors among Infants Aged from 6-24 months in Hargeisa, Republic of Somaliland: A Cross-Sectional Study in 2024"
Authors: Hassan Hamse Kh. , Ahmed Abdeta M. , Ahmed Mohamed A. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background and Objectives: The weaning process from the breast milk to intake of other foods and drinks, during infancy is a very crucial stage whereby a child is vulnerable to malnourishment should proper feeding practices not be put into practice. This work was essentially important to assess the prevalence and associated factors of appropriate complementary feeding practice among infants aged from 6-24 months in Hargeisa, Republic of Somaliland 2024. .
Methods: A descriptive cross- sectional study was carried out among the primary health facilities in Hargeisa. The multistage sampling approach was very used and recruited 370 mother-and-child pairs. The data collection was done through the pre-tested interviewer administered questionnaire with the WHO infant and young children feeding indicators (IYCF) IBM SPSS version 23 was employed to go into and encode quantitative data. data was presented in descriptive statistics using tables and figures by computing the frequencies and percentages of Appropriate complementary feeding practices, Bivariate logistic regression analyses was done to identify candidate variables for adjusted regression at p-values of <0.05 and multivariable logistic regression were presented as p-value <0.05 with Adjusted Odds ratios (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals. All tests were two sided to determine statistical significance
Results: The analysis revealed that the overall prevalence of appropriate complementary feeding practices was 46%. While Unemployed mothers were more likely to practice ACFP compared to employed ones (AOR=3.5, 95% CI: 2.15-5.69, p<0.001). Larger families (≥5 members) exhibited higher adherence to ACFP (AOR=4.193, 95% CI: 2.650-6.634, p<0.001). Avoiding bottle feeding (AOR=2.907, 95% CI: 1.88-4.49, p<0.001), maintaining good WASH and hygiene status (AOR=4.488, 95% CI: 2.86-7.05, p<0.001), achieving adequate dietary diversity (AOR=0.032, 95% CI: 0.05-0.068, p<0.001), meeting the minimum acceptable diet (AOR=0.012, 95% CI: 0.005-0.027, p<0.001), and timely introduction of complementary foods at 6 months (AOR=2.504, 95% CI: 1.636-3.832, p<0.001) were all significantly associated with higher ACFP adherence. These findings underscore the importance of addressing socio-demographic and dietary factors to improve infant feeding practices in the community.
Conclusion and Global Health Implications: The research revealed that problematic complementary feeding practices were in the high cases. Measurement of composite indices showed a qualitative picture of these various practices and their components, understanding the diverse manifestations of complementary feeding. This information may be very indispensable to obtain targeted interventions aimed at improving the complementary feeding practices in this community.
COVID-19 vaccination, perceptions about the vaccine and willingness to take the vaccine among unvaccinated high-risk populations at two Ugandan points of entry
Authors: Matovu Joseph KB , Nuwematsiko Rebecca , Aanyu Christine , Tabwenda Lilian , Okade Tom , Musoke David , Buregyeya Esther 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background: A recent systematic review shows that COVID-19 vaccines offer nearly universal protection against symptomatic and asymptomatic infections in fully-vaccinated people. However, vaccine uptake has varied across populations. We assessed the uptake, perceptions of and willingness to take the COVID-19 vaccine among unvaccinated high-risk populations at two Ugandan border points of entry.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional quantitative study conducted at Malaba and Mutukula points of entry into Uganda between February and March 2023. We targeted people living in, working at, or transiting through the two points of entry, including truck drivers, point-of-entry customs officers and female sex workers, among others. Data were collected on socio-demographic characteristics, vaccine uptake, perceptions and willingness to take the vaccine among unvaccinated individuals. We computed descriptive statistics and determined the factors associated with uptake of and willingness to take the vaccine using a modified Poisson regression model. Data analysis was conducted using STATA statistical package (Version 16.0).
Results: Of the 854 respondents, 50% (n=427) were from Mutukula. Overall, 80.3% (n=686) of the respondents reported that they had received at least one vaccine dose; no booster doses were reported. Respondents perceived that the vaccine was efficacious against COVID-19. COVID-19 vaccine uptake was associated with age-group 35-44 years [aPR (95%CI) = 1.13 (1.01, 1.27)] or 45+ years [aPR (95%CI) = 1.19 (1.07, 1.33)]; being a truck driver [aPR (95%CI) = 1.16 (1.04, 1.29)] or health worker [aPR (95%CI) = 1.18 (1.05, 1.32)]; and the belief that the COVID-19 vaccine is protective against COVID-19 [aPR (95%CI) = 1.32 (1.10, 1.58)]. Nearly 60% of unvaccinated respondents (n=99) were willing to take the COVID-19 vaccine. Willingness to take the vaccine was associated with the belief that one can contract the coronavirus if not vaccinated [aPR (95%CI) = 3.67 (1.90, 7.10)] or the community was at risk of COVID-19 [aPR (95%CI) = 1.86 (1.33, 2.62)].
Conclusion: COVID-19 vaccine uptake was high in this setting while over half of unvaccinated individuals were willing to take the vaccine. Our findings lend credence for ongoing vaccination efforts at points of entry to contain the importation of new COVID-19 strains into the country.
Pomegranate (Punica granatum): affective memories and comfort
Authors: Silva André Vinicius Wendling da , Nagamatsu Denise , Bolognani Fábio de Almeida , Branco Morgana Teixeira Lima Castelo , Pyrrho Alexandre dos Santos , Silva Jaqueline da , Varricchio Marcia Cristina Braga Nunes 
Published: May 2024

There are very interesting and helpful the biological and pharmacological activities of fruits of ancient trees which co-evoluted with planet to welfare for living beings and environment, as Punica granatum (Pomegranate). Pomegranate total aqueous extract is really effective besides a smooth action, as preliminarily observed at recovering of eroded soil. In parallel, at a period time of increasing of incidence of malignancies, types of anemia and cardiovascular diseases, its juice and its oilment shall be investigated aiming to be used as a complementary intervention during conventional specific treatment. Our professional experience with its use as functional food empirically suggested its metabolic regulation associated with immunemodulatory action. But, mainly, to ethnical elder people (Romani, Hebrew, Pakistanese, Japanese) evoked affective memories, something very hopefull in this period time of special attention to signals of collective major and minor depression previously existent besides medical news about decreased cognitive function post-Covid19, around the world. So our meaningfull qualitative strategy of psychosocial attention care seemed to be positive and, perhaps, stimulated neurotransmitters modulation way, as one probable mechanism of action. Analysis of this natural product effect and professional experience will be discussed, a posteriori, through the suitable method of evaluation.
Experience of dinoprostone vaginal insert using for cervical ripening and induction of labor
Authors: Babich D. A. , Baev O. R. , Piven V. D. , Edilberg I. V. 
Published: May 2024

Introduction. Presently, preinduction and induction of labour is one of the approaches to improve maternal and perinatal outcomes. In this regard, the rate of labour induction is steadily increasing.Aim. To determine the efficacy and safety of dinoprostone vaginal insert for cervical ripening and labor induction.Materials and methods. The study included 81 women with a singleton pregnancy of 37 weeks. and more, cephalic presentation of the fetus, with the birth canal not ready and the presence of indications for induction of labor. Dinoprostone vaginal insert was placed for 24 hours or till onset of labor. After removal of the dinoprostone vaginal insert patient was undergoing cervical assessment by digital Bishop Score immediately. If labor didn’t start spontaneously, additional cervical ripening procedures may be considered or labor induction.Result. The Bishop score increased on average by 2 points after cervical ripening with dinoprostone vaginal insert. 77.78% of patients went into labor before dinoprostone vaginal insert removing. 71.6% of the women had the vaginal birth. The cesarean section rate was 29.6%. Failed labor induction was observed in 2.47% cases. All the children were born alive. The average weight of newborns corresponded to the general population. No infectious complications or significant side effects were recorded in the study.Conclusion. The use of dinoprostone vaginal insert is an effective method for cervical ripening (increase in Bishop score by an average of 2 points, p < 0.05) and labor induction (onset of labor before removal of SVT in 78% of cases) with a good safety profile (there were no serious adverse or side effects).
Possibilities of reproductive function realization in patients with premature ovarian insufficiency
Authors: Abdulaeva A. Sh. , Kuzmina P. I. , Bakhtiyarov K. R. 
Published: May 2024

Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) directly affects the reproductive health of women all over the world. Currently, the study of this pathology is becoming an increasingly important issue due to the widespread prevalence of premature menopause in the female population. In addition to genetic predisposition, an important role in the development of premature menopause is played by the increasing number of ovarian surgeries due to the development of surgery, as well as radiation and chemotherapy for cancer, leading to premature depletion of the follicular reserve in the ovaries. An important component of treatment for women with POI is not only the management of undesirable symptoms of menopause, prevention of cardiovascular complications and fractures due to decreased bone mineral density, but also the possibility of realizing their reproductive function in the future. Therefore, other treatment options may be offered to women with POI in the absence of spontaneous pregnancy in the natural cycle. Oocyte donation may be recommended for such women, but this treatment option may not be suitable if the patient wishes to have genetically related children. In such a case, oogonal stem cell transplantation, ovarian cortex fragmentation or PRP therapy are possible. In women who will undergo chemotherapy and radiation therapy for cancer, reimplantation of ovarian cortical tissue is recommended to preserve fertility. If there is a risk of malignant cell transfer with this treatment modality, primordial follicles can be isolated from ovarian tissue, cultured and activated in vitro, fertilized, and transferred into the uterine cavity. IVF with surrogate embryo transfer may be an alternative choice for a woman with NPT, which allows her to realize her reproductive plans.
Long-term outcomes of uterine artery embolization in patients with early hypotonic postpartum hemorrhage
Authors: Konoplev B. A. , Breslav I. Yu. , Kurtser М. A. , Konopliannikov А. G. , Grigoryan A. M. , Oreshkova I. A. , Ivanova N. Yu. 
Published: May 2024

Introduction. Obstetric haemorrhage remains the number one cause of maternal death globally. Today, the frequency of hypotonic postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) reaches 80% in the obstetric hemorrhage profile.Objective. To evaluate the long-term outcomes of uterine artery embolization (UAE) for the treatment of early hypotonic postpartum hemorrhage (PPH).Material and methods. 136 patients were examined 2–8 years after UAE performed for early hypotonic postpartum hemorrhage. A survey was conducted for everyone. Ultrasound of the pelvic organs on the 5th–7th day of the menstrual cycle with an assessment of endometrial thickness, ovarian volume, number of antral follicles, and also Dopplerography were performed in 34 patients. Hormonal status was studied in 34 patients, that were examined in the first phase of the menstrual cycle, with an assessment of serum levels of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), follicle-stimulating (FSH) and luteinizing (LH) hormones.Results. 19.1% (26/136) of patients planned pregnancy. Pregnancy occurred in 61.5% (16/26). Term delivery occurred in 38.5% (10/26), PPH recurrence occurred in 30% (3/10), placenta accretion was not detected. 23.1% (6/26) patients were pregnant at the time of the survey. Neither morphological nor functional changes of the ovaries were detected in patients 2–8 years after UAE.Conclusions. Uterine artery embolization is a safe method of therapy of early hypotonic postpartum hemorrhage.
Courses of pregnancy in women witha uterine scar after conservative myomectomy
Authors: Chegus L. A. , Solovyeva A. V. , Aleynikova E. Yu. , Spitsyna M. A. 
Published: May 2024

Introduction. Uterine fibroids are the most common disease of the female reproductive system. If indicated, the main organpreserving method of treatment is myomectomy. However, according to many researchers, women who have undergone conservative myomectomy are at a higher risk of developing complications during pregnancy such as placenta previa, placental disorders, and uterine scar failure.Aim. To identify the features of the course of pregnancy, childbirth and perinatal outcome in women with a uterine scar after conservative myomectomy who received pregravid preparation.Materials and methods. A retrospective study included an analysis of 159 outpatient histories of women planning pregnancy after conservative myomectomy, including the birth histories of 109 pregnant women aged 29–40 years who delivered at the Perinatal Center of the Regional Clinical Hospital in Khanty-Mansiysk from 2011 to 2021 in order to study the characteristics of the course of pregnancy in women with a scar on the uterus after conservative myomectomy.Results. When analyzing the data, the following statistically significant differences between the groups were revealed: the first trimester of pregnancy in women with a uterine scar compared with the control group was more often complicated by chorion presentation, threatened miscarriage, urinary tract infection and early toxicosis (p < 0.05); in the second trimester of pregnancy in group 1, there were more often threatening preterm labor and placental disorders (p < 0.05), the majority of women with a scar on the uterus after myomectomy (77.8%) were delivered by caesarean section, in contrast to the control group (9.7%) (p < 0.05).Conclusion. The data we obtained on the course of pregnancy, childbirth and perinatal outcomes after myomectomy reflected the need and effectiveness of preconception preparation in this contingent of women.
New options for replenishing the iron stores in patients with abnormal uterine bleeding
Authors: Kononova I. N. , Dobrokhotova Ju. E. , Kareva E. N. , Stebenyaeva E. V. , Shmakova N. A. , Graban I. V. , Krasnoshchok E. V. , Kochina N. A. , Orlova S. V. , Narimanova M. R. 
Published: May 2024

Introduction. The high incidence of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) (over 30%) among patients of reproductive age is accompanied by the development of iron deficiency anaemia (IDA), which, in turn, is a social problem among global burden diseases throughout the world.Aim. To evaluate the clinical efficacy and compliance with the Vojea complex regimen to prevent IDA in women with abnormal uterine bleeding.Materials and methods. A multicentre clinical observational study was conducted in 6 health care facilities and women’s health clinics in Yekaterinburg and Moscow. The study included 52 patients with latent iron deficiency (serum ferritin level < 15 ng/ml) who were diagnosed with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) due to ovulatory dysfunction. All patients received Vojea complex at a dose of 1 tablet QD for 3 months while taking pharmaceutical therapy for AUB. The clinical and laboratory efficacy and medication compliance were assessed at 30, 60 and 90 days after initiation of treatment.Results. Starting from the 1st month of treatment with the study complex, positive trends in clinical and laboratory findings were observed in both groups. After the three-month therapy with Vojea, ferritin levels increased 5.4 times (a clinically significant growth was reported after the two-month intake), plasma folate levels increased 4.9 times and red blood cell folate concentrations increased by 45%. The complex therapy helped reach and maintain the average red blood cell folate concentration >400 ng/ml (906 nmol/l). Side effects included isolated events of gastrointestinal dyspepsia and individual intolerance. All patients reported good and excellent tolerance of the complex, which ensured high compliance with the drug regimen (92%).Conclusion. The three-month therapy with Vojea complex as part of the combination approach to the treatment of AUB in women with latent iron deficiency showed high clinical and laboratory efficacy, as well as good compliance with the drug regimen.
Impact of rainfall on the water quality of a tropical river: based on the Nilwala River in the southern province of Sri Lanka between March and October 2019
Authors: Diwyanjalee G. R. , Premarathne W. A. P. J. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

The study addresses the pressing need for an effective monitoring system to assess aquatic water quality, given the exacerbating impact of climate change on surface water bodies. Focusing on the Nilwala River, the research pursues three main objectives: comparative analysis of the Weighted Arithmetic Water Quality Index (WAWQI) values across different river locations, exploration of correlations between monthly rainfall and various physicochemical parameters at distinct sampling sites, and examination of notable disparities in the WAWQI between dry and wet months. Data collected from eight river locations from March to October 2019 revealed significant temporal variations in pH, temperature, chemical oxygen demand (COD), electrical conductivity (EC), alkalinity, chloride (Cl−), and nitrate (NO3-) content. The WAWQI increased across all sites during the drought, with only Site 4 (Wellathota) deemed suitable for drinking. Statistical analyses using an one-way ANOVA and multiple linear regressions unveiled significant relationships between rainfall and pH, biological oxygen demand (BOD), EC, and total alkalinity. The total alkalinity is the most affected parameter by the rainfall. Rainfall positively predicted BOD, COD, and NO3- concentration while negatively predicting other parameters.