bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distribution and levels of alpha‐1‐antitrypsin in the lung and plasma in smokers and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Linja‐aho Anna , Mazur Witold , Toljamo Tuula , Nieminen Pentti , Ohlmeier Steffen , Rönty Mikko , Kinnula Vuokko L. 
Published: June 2012

Our recent non‐biased proteomic screening study revealed elevated SerpinA1 i.e. alpha‐1‐antitrypsin (AAT) levels in induced sputum of smokers with Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study was designed to further investigate the role of AAT in smokers and subjects with COPD. The expression/distribution of AAT was studied by immunohistochemistry/digital image morphometry in the lung, by Western blot in the lung and sputum, and by ELISA in the plasma at baseline (n = 349) and after a 2‐year follow‐up (n = 58). AAT was localized mainly in airway and alveolar epithelium and endothelium, especially in smokers and in those with COPD. AAT was elevated in smokers and in subjects with COPD in the lung endothelial cells. Total lung AAT immunoreactivity was elevated in subjects with moderate COPD compared with smokers and with non‐smokers. AAT showed elevated tendency in sputum of smokers with COPD compared with ‘healthy’ smokers. Plasma AAT levels were elevated in smokers with/without COPD compared with non‐smokers. In the follow‐up, plasma AAT concentrations decreased significantly after quitting smoking. Chronic smoking/COPD leads to AAT elevation especially in the endothelium of the lung periphery; these changes reflect only modestly to the AAT in sputum, while plasma AAT significantly reflects smoking‐related systemic manifestations, and decreases after smoking cessation.
Peri‐implant marginal bone level: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of studies comparing platform switching versus conventionally restored implants
Authors: Annibali Susanna , Bignozzi Isabella , Cristalli Maria Paola , Graziani Filippo , La Monaca Gerardo , Polimeni Antonella 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAimTo systematically review the literature to compare implant survival (IS) and marginal bone loss (MBL) around platform‐switched (PS) versus conventionally restored platform‐matching dental implants.Material and MethodsRandomized, controlled human clinical trials (RCTs) comparing IS and MBL in PS and conventionally restored implants, with 12 months of follow‐up and at least 10 implants were identified through electronic and manual search. Review and meta‐analysis were performed according to PRISMA statement. Risk ratio (RR) for implant failure and mean difference (MD) for MBL, with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. Sources of heterogeneity among studies were also investigated by subgroup analyses.ResultsTen RCTs involving 435 subjects and 993 implants contributed to this review. The cumulative estimated implant success rate revealed no statistically significant difference between the two groups. At a patient level, a smaller amount of MBL [MD −0.55 mm, 95%CI (−0.86; −0.24), p = 0.0006] was noted around PS implants. Subgroup analyses performed at implant level suggested less MBL when platform switching showed a larger mismatching.ConclusionPS technique appeared to be useful in limiting bone resorption. Nevertheless, these data should be interpreted cautiously as significant heterogeneity and possible publication bias were noted. Further research is needed to identify the factors most associated with successful outcomes.
Synthesized Pheophorbide a‐mediated photodynamic therapy induced apoptosis and autophagy in human oral squamous carcinoma cells
Authors: Ahn Mee Young , Yoon Hyo‐Eun , Kwon Seong‐Min , Lee Jun , Min Seung‐Ki , Kim Yong‐Chul , Ahn Sang‐Gun , Yoon Jung‐Hoon 
Published: June 2012

Background:  Pheophorbide a (Pa) is a chlorine‐based photosensitizer derived from an ethnopharmacological herb, and our group recently synthesized Pa by the removal of a magnesium ion and a phytyl group from chlorophyll‐a. In this study, the effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with synthesized Pa was examined in a human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells.Methods:  Cells were treated with PDT with Pa, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential [ΔΨ (m)] were examined. Apoptosis was measured using annexin V staining and immunoblot. Autophagy was characterized by the increase in LC3B‐II and the formation of autophagosome and acidic vesicular organelles (AVOs).Results:  Pa‐PDT inhibited the proliferation of OSCC cells in a dose‐dependent manner. Pa‐PDT increased the number of apoptotic cells by inactivating ERK pathway. Pa‐PDT also induced autophagy in OSCC cells evidenced by the increased levels of LC3 type II expression and the accumulation of AVOs. The inhibition of autophagy enhanced Pa‐PDT‐mediated cytotoxicity through an increase in necrosis.Conclusions:  These results suggest that synthesized Pa‐PDT exerts anti‐tumor effects by inducing apoptosis and autophagy and provide novel evidence that Pa‐PDT induces autophagy, and autophagy inhibition enhances Pa‐PDT‐mediated necrosis in OSCC cells.
Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome: a 40‐year study in the South African population
Authors: Titinchi Fadi , Nortje Christoffel J. , Parker Mohamed E. , van Rensburg Leon Janse 
Published: June 2012

J Oral Pathol Med (2013)42: 162–165Background:  Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS) is a hereditary autosomal dominant syndrome presenting with a number of signs and symptoms in different population groups.Methods:  The investigators implemented a 40‐year retrospective analysis of the clinical and radiological features of South Africans affected by NBCCS presenting at the Departments of Oral Surgery, Pathology and Radiology of two major referral hospitals. Details of age, gender, ethnic origin, clinical, and radiological findings were recorded and compared to previous reports. A list of diagnostic criteria for diagnosis of NBCCS in this population was complied. Descriptive statistics were computed, and the P value was set at 0.05 or less.Results:  The sample was composed of 15 patients. The mean age at the time of diagnosis was 22.7 years (SD 20.9) with eight (53.3%) patients diagnosed before 20 years of age (P = 0.0001). The male: female ratio was 2:1. The most frequent major criteria were keratocystic odontogenic tumors (KCOTs) (100%), calcification of falx cerebri (40%), palmo‐plantar pits (26.7%), and basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) (20%). The most frequent minor criteria were bifid ribs (20%), skull anomalies (20%), and hypertelorism (20%).Conclusions:  The results of this study indicate that there was a low frequency of falx cerebri calcifications, BCCs, skull, and rib anomalies in this sample compared to other population groups. These differences could be attributed to genetic, racial, and environmental factors. Future studies are needed to compile diagnostic criteria specific to different population groups.
Histological correlates of optical coherence tomography in non‐melanoma skin cancer
Authors: Coleman Andrew John , Richardson Thomas James , Orchard Guy , Uddin Ayesha , Choi Min Joo , Lacy Katie Elizabeth 
Published: June 2012

BackgroundNon‐melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is rarely fatal but is now the most common malignancy occurring in white populations, accounting for 70% of the cost of managing skin cancer. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has the potential to improve diagnostic accuracy and help delineate pre‐surgical margins in NMSC. Its widespread clinical acceptance awaits the accumulation of evidence from studies of direct histological comparisons.MethodIn this study, seventy‐eight subjects presenting with skin lesions, including 28 NMSCs, were imaged using the VivoSight® OCT scanner and a biopsy taken. Haemotoxylin and eosin stained histology sections were compared with the OCT images.ResultsThe depth of superficial basal cell carcinoma (BCC) lesions (<1 mm) can be measured accurately using OCT. A low‐strength OCT signal at the periphery of the cell nests seen in superficial and nodular BCC is identified as corresponding to cellular palisading. A weak inverse linear correlation (r2 = 0.3) is found between the optical attenuation coefficient measured on OCT and the nuclear‐cytoplasmic ratio (N/C) of cells determined from histology.ConclusionsOCT has clinical value in providing accurate dimensional measurement of superficial BCC and in identifying the presence of peripheral palisading in nodular BCC.
Phenotypes of CCAAT/enhancer‐binding protein beta deficiency: hyperdontia and elongated coronoid process
Authors: Huang B , Takahashi K , Sakata‐Goto T , Kiso H , Togo Y , Saito K , Tsukamoto H , Sugai M , Akira S , Shimizu A , Bessho K 
Published: June 2012

Oral Diseases (2012)
Objectives:  This investigation aimed to conduct a case–control study of mandibular morphology and dental anomalies to propose a relationship between mandibular/dental phenotypes and deficiency of CCAAT/enhancer‐binding protein beta (CEBPB).Materials and methods:  Skulls of CEBPB−/−, CEBPB+/− and CEBPB+/+ mice were inspected with micro‐computed tomography. Mandibular morphology was assessed with a method of Euclidean distance matrix analysis.Results:  Elongation of the coronoid process was identified in CEBPB+/− (P ≤ 0.046) and CEBPB−/− 12‐month‐olds (P ≤ 0.028) but not in 14‐day‐olds (P ≥ 0.217) and 0‐day‐olds (P ≥ 0.189) of either genotype. Formation of supernumerary teeth in CEBPB−/− adult mice was demonstrated (χ2 = 6.00, df = 1, P = 0.014).Conclusions:  CEBPB deficiency was related to elongation of the coronoid process and formation of supernumerary teeth. The mandibular and dental phenotypes of CEBPB deficiency were unseen by the 14th day after birth. Future investigations into the influence of CEBPB on mandibular and dental development are needed.
An intact eight‐membered water chain in drosophilid alcohol dehydrogenases is essential for optimal enzyme activity
Authors: Wuxiuer Yimingjiang , Morgunova Ekaterina , Cols Neus , Popov Alexander , Karshikoff Andrey , Sylte Ingebrigt , Gonzàlez‐Duarte Roser , Ladenstein Rudolf , Winberg Jan‐Olof 
Published: June 2012

All drosophilid alcohol dehydrogenases contain an eight‐member water chain connecting the active site with the solvent at the dimer interface. A similar water chain has also been shown to exist in other short‐chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) enzymes, including therapeutically important SDRs. The role of this water chain in the enzymatic reaction is unknown, but it has been proposed to be involved in a proton relay system. In the present study, a connecting link in the water chain was removed by mutating Thr114 to Val114 in Scaptodrosophila lebanonensis alcohol dehydrogenase (SlADH). This threonine is conserved in all drosophilid alcohol dehydrogenases but not in other SDRs. X‐ray crystallography of the SlADHT114V mutant revealed a broken water chain, the overall 3D structure of the binary enzyme–NAD+ complex was almost identical to the wild‐type enzyme (SlADHwt). As for the SlADHwt, steady‐state kinetic studies revealed that catalysis by the SlADHT114V mutant was consistent with a compulsory ordered reaction mechanism where the co‐enzyme binds to the free enzyme. The mutation caused a reduction of the kon velocity for NAD+ and its binding strength to the enzyme, as well as the rate of hydride transfer (k) in the ternary enzyme–NAD+–alcohol complex. Furthermore, it increased the pKa value of the group in the binary enzyme–NAD+ complex that regulates the kon velocity of alcohol and alcohol‐competitive inhibitors. Overall, the results indicate that an intact water chain is essential for optimal enzyme activity and participates in a proton relay system during catalysis.Database
The X‐ray crystallography data are available in under Protein Data Bank accession numbers 3RJ5 (SlADHT114V structure determined from C2 crystals) and 3RJ9 (SlADHT114V structure determined from P21 crystals)Structured digital abstract
SlADH T114V and SlADH T114V bind by x‐ray crystallography (View Interaction: 1, 2)
EFFECT OF SHORTENINGS ON THE RHEOLOGY OF GLUTEN‐FREE DOUGHS: STUDY OF CHESTNUT FLOUR WITH CHIA FLOUR, OLIVE AND SUNFLOWER OILS
Authors: MOREIRA R. , CHENLO F. , TORRES M.D. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTEffects of chia flour (CHF, up to 7.5%), olive oil (up to 10.0%) and sunflower oil (up to 10.0%) on mixing and rheological behavior for chestnut flour (CF) doughs were studied using Mixolab device and a controlled‐stress rheometer. Steady‐shear (0.01 to 10/s) and oscillatory (1 to 70 rad/s at 0.1% strain) tests were carried out at 30C. Apparent viscosity of doughs at each shear rate and storage modulus at each angular frequency decreased with increasing additives content. Elastic properties at CHF content higher than 4.0% remained constant with increasing additive. Experimental flow curves and mechanical spectra were successfully fitted using Williamson and power models, respectively. Gelatinization temperatures increased with CHF and remained constant with oils addition.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSAs celiac disease is becoming more common nowadays the consumers' demand for gluten‐free products with high nutritional and taste quality is increasing. This work deals with the study of the impact of shortenings (chia flour, olive and sunflower oils) on the rheological performance of gluten‐free doughs based on chestnut flour (CF) using different experimental techniques. Tested additives are studied over a content range of industrial interest. The effect of these additives on the CF doughs is essential in order to get formulations with a suitable technological aptitude. Finally, this study tries to provide additional economic value to seasonal products as chestnut fruit by means of the industrial manufacture of new flour products.
Dietrich Bonhoeffer: Engaging Intellect – Legendary Life
Authors: Frick Peter 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThis study presents the biographical and intellectual framework of the life of Dietrich Bonhoeffer. Living in the unusual time of Nazi evil, Bonhoeffer was faced with the dilemma to make sense of both his theology and the consequent actions that empowered his life as a result of his intellectual formation. This essay discusses the biographical milestones of his life and examines the theological, philosophical and ethical pillars of his thought as a whole.
Can general practice help address youth mental health? A retrospective cross‐sectional study in Dublin's south inner city
Authors: Connolly D. , Leahy D. , Bury G. , Gavin B. , McNicholas F. , Meagher D. , O'Kelly F.D. , Wiehe P. , Cullen W. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAims: With general practice potentially having an important role in early intervention of mental and substance use disorders among young people, we aim to explore this issue by determining the prevalence of psychological problems and general practice/health service utilization among young people attending general practice.Methods: A retrospective cross‐sectional study of patients attending three general practices in Dublin city.Results: Among a sample of young people (mostly women, 44% general medical services (GMS) eligible), we observed considerable contact with general practice, both lifetime and for the 2 years of the study. The mean consultation rate was 3.9 consultations in 2 years and psychosocial issues (most commonly stress/anxiety and depression) were documented in 35% of cases. Identification of psychosocial issues was associated with GMS eligibility, three or more doctor consultations, and documentation of smoking and drinking status.Conclusions: Psychosocial issues are common among young people attending general practice and more work on their epidemiology and further identification in general practice are advocated.
Treatment possibilities for individuals at clinical high risk of psychosis
Authors: Brummitt Kali , Addington Jean 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAim: The purpose of this study was to undertake a first step in trying to understand the types of treatments young people at clinical high risk of psychosis are interested in pursuing.Methods: The sample consisted of 30 young people who were current participants in the ongoing North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study (NAPLS 2) and who met criteria for being at clinical high risk for psychosis. Participants were administered a questionnaire that asked them to identify the types of mental health problems they were currently getting help with or would like to get help with and the types of treatments they thought would be helpful and may be interested in receiving.Results: Results showed that when individuals first began participation in NAPLS, almost half had no expectations for treatment. They wanted help but they did not really know what kind of help to be asking for. Participants had a wide range of concerns for which they wanted help. Although a majority endorsed attenuated positive symptoms as a concern, many other issues such a family and social problems were often identified. For those who were already receiving help, the general opinion was that it was beneficial.Conclusions: The findings suggest that this population sees many different interventions as being potentially helpful. Furthermore, they are open to participating in a variety of treatments, including psychotherapeutic and psychiatric interventions as well as more general treatments addressing a range of possible deficits or difficulties.
Correlates of subjective recovery in an early intervention program for psychoses
Authors: Norman Ross M.G. , Windell Deborah , Lynch Jill , Manchanda Rahul 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAim: To examine the relative importance of symptoms and components of social support in predicting subjective recovery from psychosis.Methods: Eighty‐four clients of a first‐episode program for psychotic disorders completed measures of subjective recovery (the Recovery Assessment Scale and the Modified Engulfment Scale) and measures of social support related to appraisal support, tangible support, general sense of belongingness and perceived relational evaluation (PRE). Measures of positive and negative symptoms of psychosis were completed by an independent assessor.Results: Although symptoms, particularly negative symptoms, were correlated with several indices of recovery, PRE generally emerged as the most consistent and important predictor.Conclusions: PRE appears to be a particularly important aspect of social support in predicting subjective recovery. Prospective studies of the importance of PRE are warranted.
Chronic H1‐Antihistamine Treatment Increases Seizure Susceptibility After Withdrawal by Impairing Glutamine Synthetase
Authors: Hu Wei‐Wei , Fang Qi , Xu Zheng‐Hao , Yan Hai‐Jing , He Ping , Zhong Kai , Fan Yan‐Ying , Yang Ying , Zhang Xiang‐Nan , Zhang Chun‐Yang , Ohtsu Hiroshi , Xu Tian‐Le , Chen Zhong 
Published: June 2012

SummaryAimTo investigate the effect of chronic H1‐antihistamine treatment on seizure susceptibility after drug withdrawal in nonepileptic rats and to further study its relation to glutamine synthetase (GS), which is the key enzyme for glutamate metabolism and gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) synthesis.MethodsAfter drug withdrawal from a 2‐week treatment with diphenhydramine or pyrilamine, seizure susceptibility was determined by amygdaloid kindling or pentylenetetrazol model; meanwhile, the GS expression or activity was analyzed. The glutamine, glutamate, and GABA contents were measured by high‐performance liquid chromatography.ResultsSeizure susceptibility significantly increased in amygdaloid kindling and pentylenetetrazol model 10 days after drug withdrawal from a 2‐week treatment with H1‐antihistamines. Meanwhile, GS activity and expression in the cortex or hippocampus decreased simultaneously with a marked decline of glutamine and GABA content. Comparable inhibition of GS activity by methionine sulfoximine was also sufficient to increase the susceptibility, while supplementation with glutamine reversed the high susceptibility 10 days after diphenhydramine withdrawal. Moreover, the seizure susceptibility increased 10 days after diphenhydramine withdrawal in wild‐type mice but not in histidine decarboxylase knockout mice, which lack histamine.ConclusionsChronic H1‐antihistamine treatment produces long‐lasting increase in seizure susceptibility in nonepileptic rodents after drug withdrawal and its mechanism involves impairment of GS through blocking the action of histamine.
Changes in levels of hepatitis B virus markers in patients positive for low‐titer hepatitis B surface antigen
Authors: Okuse Chiaki , Yotsuyanagi Hiroshi , Yamada Norie , Ikeda Hiroki , Kobayashi Minoru , Fukuda Yasunobu , Takahashi Hideaki , Matsunaga Kotaro , Matsumoto Nobuyuki , Okamoto Masaru , Ishii Toshiya , Sato Akira , Koike Kazuhiko , Suzuki Michihiro , Itoh Fumio 
Published: June 2012

Aim:  Recently, patients positive for the low‐titer hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) have been found occasionally owing to the increase in the accuracy of detection methods. The aim of this study is to clarify the clinical status of acute hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in patients positive for low‐titer HBsAg.Method:  Eight patients, who were positive for HBsAg at low titers and diagnosed as having acute HBV infection, were enrolled in this study. Assays of HBsAg, hepatitis B core antibody (anti‐HBc), hepatitis B e‐antigen (HBeAg), hepatitis B e‐antibody (anti‐HBe), hepatitis B surface antibody (anti‐HBs) and HBV DNA, and biochemical tests were basically conducted every 4 weeks for at least 24 weeks.Result:  The average cut‐off index of HBsAg was 8.7 ± 9.6 (range, 1.0–25.7). All the patients were negative for anti‐HBc, HBeAg, anti‐HBe and HBV DNA on their initial visit. The genotype of HBV could be determined in four patients: two were infected with genotype B/HBV, one was infected with genotype A/HBV, and the remaining patient was infected with genotype C/HBV. Although HBsAg clearance was observed within 4 months in all the patients, none of the other HBV markers seroconverted during the observation period.Conclusion:  HBV infection terminating with seronegativity for HBV markers may occur in transient HBV infection.
Leucine‐rich repeat‐containing G protein‐coupled receptor 5 expression in ductular reactions after chemotherapy for metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: Saigusa Susumu , Tanaka Koji , Toiyama Yuji , Matsushita Kohei , Kawamura Mikio , Okugawa Yoshinaga , Uchida Keiichi , Inoue Yasuhiro , Mohri Yasuhiko , Kusunoki Masato 
Published: June 2012

Aim:  Oval cells with ductular reactions (DR) in damaged liver are referred to as “intermediate hepatobiliary cells”. In a preliminary study, we had found expression of the leucine‐rich repeat‐containing G protein‐coupled receptor 5 (LGR5) known as a potential marker for stem cells in the small intestine and colon in DR in liver damaged by chemotherapy for metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim of this study was to confirm LGR expression in DR in damaged liver after chemotherapy.Methods:  A total of 68 liver specimens obtained after surgical resection were stained with monoclonal antibodies for cytokeratin (CK)7, neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM; a bile ductular and liver progenitor cell marker), CD133 (a candidate stem cell marker of hepatocellular carcinoma as well as CRC) and LGR5. Additionally, these mRNA levels were investigated according to the location in damaged liver after chemotherapy using microdissected specimens.Results:  We observed that LGR5 was expressed in DR with CD133, CK7 and NCAM expression. By contrast, LGR5, CD133 and NCAM were not expressed in mature bile ducts with CK7. In transcriptional analysis, LGR5 mRNA levels in fibrotic tissue including DR were higher compared with that in adjacent normal liver without significant difference.Conclusion:  These findings suggest that LGR5 may be involved in maintaining DR in damaged liver.