bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autotomy‐induced life history plasticity in band‐legged ground cricket Dianemobius nigrofasciatus
Authors: MATSUOKA Nobuhiro , ISHIHARA Michihiro 
Published: March 2010

AbstractCrickets can autotomize their limbs when attacked by predators. This enables them to escape death, but imposes a short‐term cost on their escape speed and a long‐term cost on their future mating ability. Therefore, adaptive response compensated for the cost of autotomy might be advantageous for autotomized individuals. In the present study, we examined whether autotomy induced life history plasticities compensating for the future cost in the band‐legged ground cricket Dianemobius nigrofasciatus. Life history traits of D. nigrofasciatus were compared between autotomized and intact individuals. The developmental time and head width of the individuals that were autotomized as fourth instar nymphs were significantly shorter and smaller, respectively, than those of intact individuals. However, the adult longevity, number of eggs laid and oviposition schedule did not vary between autotomized and intact individuals. In addition, there was no difference between individuals autotomized at the fourth instar and adult stages in these three traits. Early maturation in the autotomized individuals might be advantageous through reducing the risk of predation owing to the shorter period in nymphal stages. The cost of small body size in the autotomized females might not be so great because of no significant difference in fecundity between autotomized and intact individuals. However, the cost of small body size was unclear in the autotomized males because in general larger males were preferred by females. These results indicated autotomy‐induced life history that might reduce the cost of autotomy.
Effects of temperature on the development and survival of an endangered butterfly, Shijimiaeoides divinus barine (Leech) (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)
Authors: KODA Keiko , NAKAMURA Hiroshi 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe effects of temperature on the development and survival of Shijimiaeoides divinus barine were examined in the laboratory in 2008. The eggs and larvae were reared at temperatures of 15, 17.5, 20, 25, 30 and 35°C with a long‐day photoperiod of 16 h light : 8 h dark (16L : 8D). The highest hatchability of eggs was 88.0% at 20°C, but hatchability at high temperatures of 30 and 35°C was 30 and 0%, respectively. The lowest and highest survival rates from the first to third instar were 18.8% at 15°C and 76.9% at 20°C. Few deaths were observed after the fourth instar. The shortest developmental periods of the eggs and larvae were 4.0 and 15.8 days at 30°C, and the durations of the egg and larval stages increased significantly as the temperature decreased. The developmental zero and thermal constants were 9.6°C and 82.6 degree–days for the egg stage, and 10.7°C and 306.8 degree–days for the larval stage. The developmental period of the natural population of S. divinus barine in Azumino City, Nagano Prefecture was calculated using the developmental zero, thermal constants and Azumino City temperature data.
Naturally occurring egg parasitoids of the genus Trichogramma (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) in a pomegranate orchard in Tunisia
Authors: KSENTINI Ines , MONJE Juan Carlos , JARDAK Taieb , ZEGHAL Najiba 
Published: March 2010

AbstractFour Trichogramma species were found in a pomegranate orchard in Gabès, an arid region of Tunisia, from parasitized eggs of Ectomyelois ceratoniae Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), an economically important insect pest. Identification based on assessment of male genitalia and internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) sequences showed that they were T. bourarachae Pintureau and Babault, 1988, T. oleae Voegelé and Pointel, 1979, T. cacoeciae Marchal, 1927 and T. evanescens Westwood, 1833. Trichogramma evanescens is reported for the first time in Tunisia. Trichogramma cacoeciae was the largely dominant species in the analyzed samples, whereas T. bourarachae was present in a minor portion of 1.38%. The implications of these results for attempts at controlling E. ceratoniae are discussed.
Mites of the genus Holostaspella (Acari: Gamasida: Macrochelidae) in Indonesia
Authors: HARTINI Sri , TAKAKU Gen 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe genus Holostaspella of the family Macrochelidae consists of more than 30 species. Of these, seven species have been recorded from Indonesia. In the present study, we review the genus in Indonesia, record two species (H. pulchella and H. similiornata) for the first time from Indonesia, and describe two new species (H. oblonga n. sp. and H. villosa n. sp.) on the basis of the specimens collected in Java and Sulawesi. A key to the species of the genus in Indonesia is also provided.
Breeding ecology and seasonal abundance of the giant water bug Appasus japonicus (Heteroptera, Belostomatidae)
Authors: OHBA Shin‐ya , KATO Katsuhiko , MIYATAKE Takahisa 
Published: March 2010

AbstractMales of the giant water bug Appasus (= Diplonychus) japonicus Vuillefroy (Belostomatidae: Heteroptera) carry egg masses on their back, but little is known about the relationship between seasonal abundance and breeding ecology of the species. In the present study, therefore, a field survey based on a mark‐and‐recapture census was carried out at three survey points within a rice paddy area (0.3 km2) where A. japonicus forms a meta‐population in northern Okayama, Japan. We investigated the body size, seasonal abundance, dispersion, egg mass size (number of eggs within one egg mass), number of egg masses and the total eggs carried on the back of each male as fundamental parameters of the population and breeding. Significant differences in egg mass size, number of egg masses, and total number of eggs that males carried was found among the survey points. The present results suggested the possibility that the differences in breeding parameters of A. japonicus were influenced by differences in environmental factors among the microhabitats. These results are discussed in conjunction with previous reports on seasonal abundance and breeding systems in Belostomatidae bugs.
New subgenus of genusHylaeus(Hymenoptera: Colletidae) with two new records from China
Authors: CHEN Xuan , XU Huanli , DATHE Holger H. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA new subgenus of the genusHylaeusFabricius, 1793 is described and illustrated. The subgenusLaxoprosopissubgen. nov. is erected for one new Chinese species,H. (Laxoprosopis)sichuanensissp. nov. In addition,H. nipponicusBridwell, 1919 andH. monticolaBridwell, 1919 are recorded from China for the first time.
Behavioral observation of two fungivorous beetles (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) on wood‐decaying bracket fungus Cryptoporus volvatus
Authors: KADOWAKI Kohmei 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe behavior of two sympatric beetles, Parabolitophagus felix Lewis and Ischnodactylus loripes Lewis (Tenebrionidae: Coleoptera), specialists of a bracket fungus Cryptoporus volvatus (Peck) Shear, was studied in Kyoto, central Japan. A sporocarp of C. volvatus has a distinct white volva, and a small elliptical ostiole near the base. Adults of two tenebrionids use the volval chambers of a sporocarp as mating space. Adults walked across closely located sporocarps infrequently on a tree at night (19.30–20.30 h). Field observation showed that the occupancy patterns of the volval chambers in the two species were temporally segregated: Parabolitophagus felix occupied them until May, while I. loripes occupied them in late May to early June
New Australian butterfly genus Jameela gen. nov. (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Polyommatinae: Polyommatini) revealed by morphological, ecological and molecular data
Authors: GRUND Roger , EASTWOOD Rod 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThis paper proposes to split the Australian Polyommatini genus Erysichton Fruhstorfer, 1916 into two genera on the basis of molecular, morphological and early stage behavioral attributes. The utility of reflective eye pattern as a taxonomic character is discussed and a neotype of Lycaena lineata Murray, 1874 is designated.
Pteromalid parasitoids (Hymenoptera) of Oulema oryzae (Kuwayama) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) from Japan, with notes on Pteromalus bifoveolatus
Authors: ISHIZAKI Tsuyoshi , ISHIKAWA Tadashi 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe present paper discusses three Japanese species of Pteromalidae reared from cocoons of the rice beetle Oulema oryzae (Kuwayama, 1929) (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae). Pteromalus cyclostomus Ishizaki sp. nov. is described. Spaniopus monospilus (Thomson, 1878) and Usubaia liparae Kamijo, 1983 are newly recognized as parasitoid wasps of O. oryzae, and the former is also recorded from Japan for the first time. Pteromalus bifoveolatus Förster, 1861 is also newly recorded from Japan, with a new host record from Samia cynthia pryeri (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae).
First contribution to the bionomics of the pollen waspCeramius palaestinensis(Giordani Soika, 1957) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Masarinae) in Turkey
Authors: MAUSS Volker , MÜLLER Andreas , YILDIRIM Erol 
Published: March 2010

AbstractData about the bionomics of the pollen waspCeramius palaestinensis(Giordani Soika, 1957) are presented for the first time.Ceramius palaestinensisis characterized by the following ethological elements: (i) the nest is excavated in non‐friable soil; (ii) the burrow is surmounted by a turret from earth extracted from within the burrow; (iii) the nest is possibly perennial; (iv) the nest has a relatively short, vertical to sub‐vertical main shaft with an expansion at the bottom; (v) the main shaft is not terminated by a cell; (vi) secondary shafts are absent; (vii) the cells are sub‐horizontal, all at different depths; (viii) brood cells are constructed mud‐cells built within an excavated cell, formed from earth excavated within the burrow; (ix) imagines visit only flowers ofTrifolium(Fabaceae) and brood cells are provisioned exclusively with pollen from this plant genus;Trifoliumspecies varying considerably in inflorescence morphology lead to different positions of foraging wasps on the inflorescences during flower visits;Trifolium resupinatumorT. clusiiinflorescences with resupinate flowers function as a disc‐shaped pseudanthium with the vexilla of the flowers arranged on the outer periphery serving as petal‐like exhibition organs; and (x) males patrol and perch at water collection sites, at flowers and within nesting aggregations; copulations or copulatory attempts are observed there.
Regional registry of patient alloantibodies: first‐year experience
Authors: Schwickerath Vicki , Kowalski Mary , Menitove Jay E. 
Published: March 2010

BACKGROUND: Delayed hemolytic transfusion reactions (DHTRs) occur when pretransfusion alloantibody screening tests fail to detect previously formed alloantibodies. Hospital transfusion service records maintain historical alloantibody results. However, patients may receive transfusions at more than one hospital leading to dissociation of current and previous results. As such, we designed and implemented a regionally based registry linking patients and historic alloantibody test results with the intent of reducing DHTRs.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: We constructed a Web‐based registry connecting hospital transfusion services and alloantibody results from a blood center immunohematology reference laboratory. Registry development required consideration of HIPAA/regulatory and Web design issues addressed by consulting legal counsel, a Web design company, and a program administrator.RESULTS: During the first year, more than 5000 patient alloantibody records were entered into the registry that were accessed more than 3900 times for 1766 patients at 68 hospitals. In four cases, registry utilization prevented a possible DHTR.CONCLUSIONS: The regional alloantibody registry prevented potential DHTRs fulfilling preimplementation goals.
Levered Returns
Authors: GOMES JOAO F. , SCHMID LUKAS 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACTThis paper revisits the theoretical relation between financial leverage and stock returns in a dynamic world where both corporate investment and financing decisions are endogenous. We find that the link between leverage and stock returns is more complex than static textbook examples suggest, and depends on the investment opportunities available to the firm. In the presence of financial market imperfections, leverage and investment are generally correlated so that highly levered firms are also mature firms with relatively more (safe) book assets and fewer (risky) growth opportunities. A quantitative version of our model matches several stylized facts about leverage and returns.
Personal Bankruptcy and Credit Market Competition
Authors: DICK ASTRID A. , LEHNERT ANDREAS 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACTWe document a link between U.S. credit supply and rising personal bankruptcy rates. We exploit the exogenous variation in market contestability brought on by banking deregulation—the relaxation of entry restrictions in the 1980s and 1990s—at the state level. We find deregulation explains at least 10% of the rise in bankruptcy rates. We also find that deregulation leads to increased lending, lower loss rates on loans, and higher lending productivity. Our findings indicate that increased competition prompted banks to adopt sophisticated credit rating technology, allowing for new credit extension to existing and previously excluded households.
The Interdependent and Intertemporal Nature of Financial Decisions: An Application to Cash Flow Sensitivities
Authors: GATCHEV VLADIMIR A. , PULVINO TODD , TARHAN VEFA 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACTWe develop a dynamic multiequation model where firms make financing and investment decisions jointly subject to the constraint that sources must equal uses of cash. We argue that static models of financial decisions produce inconsistent coefficient estimates, and that models that do not acknowledge the interdependence among decision variables produce inefficient estimates and provide an incomplete and potentially misleading view of financial behavior. We use our model to examine whether firms are constrained from accessing capital markets. Unlike static single‐equation studies that find firms underinvest given cash flow shortfalls, we conclude that firms maintain investment by borrowing.
Performance and Persistence in Institutional Investment Management
Authors: BUSSE JEFFREY A. , GOYAL AMIT , WAHAL SUNIL 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACTUsing new, survivorship bias‐free data, we examine the performance and persistence in performance of 4,617 active domestic equity institutional products managed by 1,448 investment management firms between 1991 and 2008. Controlling for the Fama–French (1993) three factors and momentum, aggregate and average estimates of alphas are statistically indistinguishable from zero. Even though there is considerable heterogeneity in performance, there is only modest evidence of persistence in three‐factor models and little to none in four‐factor models.
Skipping Meals and Less Walking Among African Americans Diagnosed With Preterm Labor
Authors: Hennessy Mary Dawn , Volpe Stella L. , Sammel Mary D. , Gennaro Susan 
Published: March 2010

Abstract Purpose: The aim was to compare meal frequency, macronutrient intake, and physical activity between African Americans with preterm labor and those without preterm labor. Design: A descriptive comparative study was used with 80 pregnant African Americans. Methods: Three 24‐hour diet recalls, the Block 2005 food frequency questionnaire, International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and Perceived Stress Scale were collected at 24 to 34 weeks of gestation. Findings: The odds of skipping meals for women in the preterm labor group was 3.57 times the odds of skipped meals for women in the term labor group (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.28–10.16, p=.006). The association was increased to 6.86 (95% CI 2.13–22.12, p<.001) after adjustment for age, prepregnancy body mass index, education, and income. Walking was significantly less in terms of total amount of walking in the preterm labor group (p=.03). Conclusions: Results have implications for prenatal counseling regarding the importance of frequent meal and snack consumption throughout the day. Further research is necessary to establish the mechanisms by which energy consumption contributes to risk for preterm labor. Clinical Relevance: Pregnancy is a time when health professionals monitor women regularly and presents a unique opportunity for practitioners to communicate the importance of frequent meals and snacks throughout pregnancy, as well as the health benefits of walking as a form of physical activity.
Biofilm formation by Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from paediatric patients
Authors: TAPIAINEN TERHI , KUJALA TIIA , KAIJALAINEN TARJA , IKÄHEIMO IRMA , SAUKKORIIPI ANNIKA , RENKO MARJO , SALO JARMO , LEINONEN MAIJA , UHARI MATTI 
Published: March 2010

Tapiainen T, Kujala T, Kaijalainen T, Ikäheimo I, Saukkoriipi A, Renko M, Salo J, Leinonen M, Uhari M. Biofilm formation by Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from paediatric patients. APMIS 2010; 118: 255–60.The clinical significance of pneumococcal biofilm formation is largely unknown. To clarify this, we tested whether the ability of pneumococcal clinical isolates to form biofilm in vitro accounts for the diverse clinical outcomes. Clinical pneumococcal isolates were cultured from the nasopharynx (n = 106), middle ear effusion (n = 43) and blood (n = 55) of 204 children altogether. Biofilm formation, assessed by measuring optical density (OD) values in microtitre plates after crystal violet staining, did not differ between the bacteria from different sources (p = 0.18), the mean OD values of the isolates being 0.119 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.100–0.138] in the nasopharynx samples, 0.094 (95% CI 0.069–0.119) in the acute otitis media cases, 0.109 (95% CI 0.077–0.141) in the secretory otitis media cases, 0.122 (95% CI 0.084–0.160) in those with sepsis and 0.175 (95% CI 0.071–0.280) in those with other invasive infections. Serotypes 33 and 14 were the most efficient in forming biofilms, whereas serotypes 3 and 38 were poor biofilm producers. We conclude that the clinical presentation of pneumococcal disease did not differ in relation to biofilm formation in vitro, even though there was marked variation between the clinical isolates and serotypes.
Immunopotentiation on murine spleen lymphocytes induced by polysaccharide fraction of Panax ginseng via upregulating calcineurin activity
Authors: ZHANG SONG‐DONG , YIN YAN‐XIA , WEI QUN 
Published: March 2010

Zhang S‐D, Yin Y‐X, Wei Q. Immunopotentiation on murine spleen lymphocytes induced by polysaccharide fraction of Panax ginseng via upregulating calcineurin activity. APMIS 2010; 118: 288–96.Calcineurin (CN), a unique Ca2+/calmodulin (CaM)‐dependent serine/threonine protein phosphatase, plays a pivotal role in the activation and proliferation of T lymphocytes. Based on the effective molecular screening model established in our laboratory, we found that a part of polysaccharides from the stem and leaves of Panax ginseng, termed PGP‐SL, could activate CN activity. Subsequently, we investigated whether PGP‐SL also has immunological competence on murine spleen lymphocytes. In the present study, we demonstrated that PGP‐SL could significantly promote in vitro spleen lymphocyte proliferation in the absence of either concanavalin A or LPS in a concentration‐dependent manner at concentrations ranging from 100 to 500 μg/ml (p < 0.001). In addition, the proliferation of cyclosporin A (CsA)‐treated spleen lymphocytes was also significantly promoted in the same pattern (p < 0.001); the production of IL‐2 was elevated and the effect appeared as early as 24 h after PGP‐SL treatment. The results of RT‐PCR also indicated that the IL‐2 mRNA level was markedly enhanced, particularly at PGP‐SL concentrations of 300 and 500 μg/ml, and Fura‐2/AM fluorescence probe analysis showed that PGP‐SL could dramatically increase the intracellular free calcium concentration of spleen lymphocytes, i.e. [Ca2+]i was significantly increased by approximately 181 and 107% at 300 and 500 μg/ml of PGP‐SL, respectively. However, this effect could be totally inhibited by verapamil treatment. Taking our results together, we suggest that PGP‐SL exhibits immunopotentiation effects on murine spleen lymphocytes by the Ca2+–CN–NFAT–IL‐2 signaling pathway.
Myoepithelial carcinoma of the orbit: a clinicopathological and histopathological study
Authors: TRAN THUY LINH , BROHOLM HELLE , DAUGAARD SØREN , FUGLEHOLM KÅRE , POULSGAARD LARS , PRAUSE JAN ULRIK , KENNEDY SUSAN M. , HEEGAARD STEFFEN 
Published: March 2010

Tran TL, Broholm H, Daugaard S, Fugleholm K, Poulsgaard L, Prause JU, Kennedy SM, Heegaard S. Myoepithelial carcinoma of the orbit: a clinicopathological and histopathological study. APMIS 2010; 118: 324–30.Two cases of invasive myoepithelial carcinoma arising from the paranasal sinuses and invading the orbit are presented. Patient 1, a 53‐year‐old man, had a 3‐month history of proptosis, pain and epiphora of the right eye. The second patient, a 24‐year‐old man, had for a week been complaining of protrusion of his left eye and of orbital pain. Computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging revealed tumour masses in the frontal, ethmoidal and maxillary sinuses with invasion of the orbit and the frontal lobe. Biopsies from both cases showed spindle and epithelioid tumour cells. Mitotic figures were frequent. Immunohistochemical staining showed positive reaction for bcl‐2, calponin, cytokeratins, CD99, S100, muscle‐specific antigen, smooth muscle antigen and vimentin. The Ki‐67 index was between 30–50% and 5–25%, respectively. Ultrastructurally, intermediate filaments, perinuclear tonofilaments and desmosomes were present. Based on these findings, a diagnosis of myoepithelial carcinoma of mixed cell type in both cases was evident. Both patients died shortly after the diagnosis was made even though both underwent radical surgery. Myoepithelial carcinoma of the paranasal sinuses is very rare and only six cases have been reported previously. We present the first two cases of myoepithelial carcinoma in the paranasal sinuses with invasion of the orbit. This is also the first report of myoepithelial carcinoma arising in the ethmoidal sinus.
Macrolide resistance in group A beta haemolytic Streptococcus isolated from outpatient children in Latvia
Authors: ZAVADSKA DACE , BĒRZIŅA DACE , DRUKAĻSKA LĪGA , PUGAČOVA ŅINA , MIKLAŠEVIČS EDVĪNS , GARDOVSKA DACE 
Published: March 2010

Zavadska D, Bērzin¸a D, Drukal¸ska L, Pugačova N¸, Miklaševičs E, Gardovska D. Macrolide resistance in group A beta haemolytic Streptococcus isolated from outpatient children in Latvia. APMIS 2010; 118: 366–70.Group A streptococci (GAS) are responsible for up to 30% of cases of pharyngitis in children, and such children do not benefit from treatment with antibiotics. During the last decade, increased resistance to macrolides has emerged as a critical issue in the treatment of GAS pharyngitis. The objective of this study was to determine the antimicrobial resistance of group A beta haemolytic Streptococcus isolated from outpatient children. From 2002 to 2006, 96 GAS strains were obtained from the pharynx of outpatients having symptoms of acute pharyngitis. Antibiotic resistance was determined by disc susceptibility tests according to CLSI standards. The presence of ermA, ermB and mefA was established by the amplification of streptococcal DNA with specific primers. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests revealed that all the strains tested were sensitive to vancomycin, linezolid, penicillin and ceftriaxone. Simultaneously, high levels of resistance to macrolides were evident; 78% of the isolates were resistant to clindamycin and erythromycin. No significant change in the yearly or seasonal incidence of resistance was observed. We describe high antimicrobial resistance of GAS to macrolides in outpatient children (78%), which can be explained by the frequent use of macrolides in the treatment of such individuals. Therefore, macrolides should not be the first drug of choice.