bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing multiple values of nature in National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans
Authors: Murali Ranjini , Lliso Bosco , Mannetti Lelani M. , Filyushkina Anna , Amaruzaman Sacha , Amin Ariane M. , Hyldmo Håkon da Silva , Koessler Ann‐Kathrin , Lenzi Dominic , Lutti Natalia , Yiu Evonne 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Around the world, people express a variety of values of nature based on how they relate and interact with it. These values of nature, broadly classified as instrumental, intrinsic, and relational values, underlie environmental policy and decision‐making processes.

In this paper, our aim was to assess the values of nature that are expressed in national environmental policy documents.

We assessed the National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans (NBSAPs), the key national policy framework for biodiversity conservation, from 11 countries, representing the five regional United Nations groups.

We used qualitative content analysis to identify the value orientation of the statements in the NBSAPs and the main themes under each.

Across the 11 NBSAPs, unspecified value orientation statements were the most common (40%), followed by instrumental (38%), intrinsic (14%) and relational (9%) value orientation statements.

We identified the main themes in the instrumental value orientation statements as follows: (1) sustainability, (2) natural resources and (3) ecosystem services. The main themes present in the intrinsic value orientation statements were as follows: (1) recognizing intrinsic value, (2) endangered species and habitats, (3) conservation programmes and (4) threats to nature. Relational value orientation statements referenced as follows: (1) duty and responsibility to protect nature, (2) values expressed for nature, (3) national pride and heritage, (4) Indigenous peoples and local community's (IP&LCs) relationships with nature, (5) protecting nature for future generations and (6) equity in the use and access of nature.

Our findings indicate that NBSAPs respond to the directive of the Convention on Biological Diversity. They are primarily based on the instrumental values of nature, only rarely considering other ways in which nature is valuable to people. This can reinforce unjust outcomes for human well‐being since environmental policies may not reflect the diverse ways in which nature and biodiversity matter to the population.

In an increasingly interconnected world, environmental policies are called on to incorporate multiple values to achieve positive outcomes for both human well‐being and biodiversity conservation.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Prediction of key quality attributes in Salvia miltiorrhiza standard decoction using a Gaussian process regression model
Authors: Zou Huosheng , Zhang Zixia , Zhang Hongxu , Chen Yuan , Zhang Hui , Yan Jizhong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionNonstationary, nonlinear mass transfer in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) extraction poses challenges to correlating process characteristics with quality parameters, particularly in defining clear parameter ranges for the process.ObjectivesThe aim of the study was to provide a solution for quality consistency analysis in TCM preparation processes.Materials and methodsSalvia miltiorrhiza was taken as an example for 15 batches of standard decoction. Using aqueous extract, alcoholic extract, and the content of salvianolic acid B as herb material key quality attributes, multiple nonlinear regression, Gaussian process regression, and artificial neural network models were employed to predict the key quality attributes including the paste yield, the content of salvianolic acid B, and the transfer rate. The evaluation criteria were root mean square error, mean absolute percentage error, and R2.ResultsThe Gaussian process regression model had the best prediction effect on the paste yield, the content of salvianolic acid B, and the transfer rate, with R2 being 0.918, 0.934, and 0.919, respectively. Utilizing Gaussian process regression model confidence intervals, along with Shewhart control and intervals optimized through process capability index analysis, the quality control range of the standard decoction was determined as follows: paste yield, 25.14%–33.19%; salvianolic acid B content, 2.62%–4.78%; and transfer rate, 56.88%–64.80%.ConclusionThis study combined the preparation process of standard decoction with the Gaussian process regression model, accurately predicted the key quality attributes, and determined the quality parameter range by using process analysis tools, providing a new idea for the quality consistency standard of TCM processes.
DDI‐Transform: A neural network for predicting drug‐drug interaction events
Authors: Su Jiaming , Qian Ying 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDrug‐drug interaction (DDI) event prediction is a challenging problem, and accurate prediction of DDI events is critical to patient health and new drug development. Recently, many machine learning‐based techniques have been proposed for predicting DDI events. However, most of the existing methods do not effectively integrate the multidimensional features of drugs and provide poor mitigation of noise to get effective feature information. To address these limitations, we propose a DDI‐Transform neural network framework for DDI event prediction. In DDI‐Transform, we design a drug structure information feature extraction module and a drug bind‐protein feature extraction module to obtain multidimensional feature information. A stack of DDI‐Transform layers in the DDI‐Transform network module are then used for adaptive learning, thus adaptively selecting the effective feature information for prediction. The results show that DDI‐Transform can accurately predict DDI events and outperform the state‐of‐the‐art models. Results on different scale datasets confirm the robustness of the method.
Tracheobronchomalacia following allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Panpruang Pitirat , Eksombatchai Dararat , Boonsarngsuk Viboon 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTracheobronchomalacia (TBM) occurs due to the weakening of cartilaginous part of the trachea, resulting in compromised airway function and leading to symptoms such as dyspnea, cough, and inability to clear secretions. Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) is the most prevalent late noninfectious pulmonary complication in patients who underwent allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Therefore, patients experiencing progressive dyspnea and chronic cough after allogenic HSCT, with new obstructive pattern on pulmonary function test, are typically diagnosed with post‐transplant BOS. However, it is important to note that TBM can also manifest as an obstructive defect pattern on pulmonary function test. Tracheomalacia has been reported as a rare complication of allogenic stem cell transplantation. We present two patients who developed TBM following allogeneic HSCT and were initially treated for post‐transplant BOS but did not experience symptom improvement. However, after treatment with continuous positive airway pressure, their symptom subsided.
Rethinking LEO constellations routing
Authors: Grislain Paul , Auddino Alexia , Barraqué Anna , Lamothe François , Hotescu Oana , Lacan Jérôme , Radzik José , Lochin Emmanuel 
Published: April 2024

SummaryThis study investigates the unsplittable multicommodity flow (UMCF) as a routing algorithm for LEO constellations. Usually, LEO routing schemes enable the Floyd–Warshall algorithm (shortest path) to minimize the end‐to‐end latency of the flows crossing the constellation. We propose to solve the UMCF problem associated with the system as a solution for routing over LEO. We use a heuristic algorithm based on randomized rounding known in the optimization literature to efficiently solve the UMCF problem. Furthermore, we explore the impact of choosing the first/last hop before entering/exiting the constellation. Using network simulation over Telesat constellation, we show that UMCF maximizes the end‐to‐end links usage, providing better routing while minimizing the delay and the congestion level, which is an issue today over new megaconstellations.
Public expenditure and economic sustainability: Does institutional quality matter?
Authors: Kpegba Silas Apealete , Atisu Lord Kelvin Kofi , Nketiah Sarfo Kelvin , Oppong Clement , Akwaa‐Sekyi Ellis Kofi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study aims to provide an empirical insight into whether institutional quality moderates the impact of public expenditure on economic sustainability among the Sub‐Saharan African (SSA) countries. Using a quantitative and explanatory research design, this study sourced a 20‐year longitudinal dataset on 48 SSA countries from the World Development Indicators (WDI) and World Governance Indicators (WGI) databases from 2003 to 2022. Both Pooled OLS and System GMM econometric techniques were employed for analysis. It was found that public expenditure and institutional quality positively and significantly influence economic sustainability. However, institutional quality was found to negatively and significantly moderate this relationship. The practical implication suggests nations may face a trade‐off between maintaining institutional quality and ensuring long‐term economic sustainability. The moderation effect of institutional quality is novel in nature and adds to the body of existing literature.
High‐Throughput, Label‐Free Detection of DNA Origami in Single‐Cell Suspensions Using origamiFISH‐Flow
Authors: Alexander Shana , Wang Wendy Xueyi , Tseng Chung‐Yi , Douglas Travis R. , Chou Leo Y.T. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractStructural DNA nanotechnology enables custom fabrication of nanoscale devices and promises diverse biological applications. However, the effects of design on DNA nanostructure (DN)‐cell interactions in vitro and in vivo are not yet well‐characterized. origamiFISH is a recently developed technique for imaging DNs in cells and tissues. Compared to the use of fluorescent tags, origamiFISH offers label‐free and structure‐agnostic detection of DNs with significantly improved sensitivity. Here, the origamiFISH technique is extended to quantify DNs in single‐cell suspensions, including in nonadherent cells such as subsets of immune cells, via readout by flow cytometry. This method, referred to as origamiFISH‐Flow, is high‐throughput (e.g., 10 000 cells per second) and compatible with immunostaining for concurrent cell‐type and cell‐state characterization. It is shown that origamiFISH‐Flow provides 20‐fold higher signal‐to‐noise ratio for DN detection compared to dye labeling approaches, leading to the capture of >25‐fold more DN+ cells under single‐picomolar DN uptake concentrations. Additionally, the use of origamiFISH‐Flow is validated to profile the uptake of various DN shapes across multiple cell lines and splenocytes, as well as to quantify in vivo DN accumulation in lymphoid organs. Together, origamiFISH‐Flow offers a new tool to interrogate DN interactions with cells and tissues, while providing insights for tailoring their designs in bio‐applications.
A Multifunctional Herb‐Derived Glycopeptide Hydrogel for Chronic Wound Healing
Authors: Zhang Xinyi , Wu Ye , Gong Heng , Xiong Yan , Chen Yu , Li Lin , Zhi Biao , Lv Saiqun , Peng Tao , Zhang Hui 
Published: April 2024

AbstractChronic wounds constitute an increasingly prevalent global healthcare issue, characterized by recurring bacterial infections, pronounced oxidative stress, compromised functionality of immune cells, unrelenting inflammatory reactions, and deficits in angiogenesis. In response to these multifaceted challenges, the study introduced a stimulus‐responsive glycopeptide hydrogel constructed by oxidized Bletilla striata polysaccharide (OBSP), gallic acid‐grafted ε‐Polylysine (PLY‐GA), and paeoniflorin‐loaded micelles (MIC@Pae), called OBPG&MP. The hydrogel emulates the structure of glycoprotein fibers of the extracellular matrix (ECM), exhibiting exceptional injectability, self‐healing, and biocompatibility. It adapts responsively to the inflammatory microenvironment of chronic wounds, sequentially releasing therapeutic agents to eradicate bacterial infection, neutralize reactive oxygen species (ROS), modulate macrophage polarization, suppress inflammation, and encourage vascular regeneration and ECM remodeling, playing a critical role across the inflammatory, proliferative, and remodeling phases of wound healing. Both in vitro and in vivo studies confirmed the efficacy of OBPG&MP hydrogel in regulating the wound microenvironment and enhancing the regeneration and remodeling of chronic wound skin tissue. This research supports the vast potential for herb‐derived multifunctional hydrogels in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
Evidence of the Monopolar‐Dipolar Crossover Regime: A Multiscale Study of Ferroelastic Domains by In Situ Microscopy Techniques
Authors: Scott John J. R. , Lu Guangming , Rodriguez Brian J. , MacLaren Ian , Salje Ekhard K.H. , Arredondo Miryam 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe elastic interaction between kinks (and antikinks) within domain walls plays a pivotal role in shaping the domain structure, and their dynamics. In bulk materials, kinks interact as elastic monopoles, dependent on the distance between walls (d−1) and typically characterized by a rigid and straight domain configuration. In this work the evolution of the domain structure is investigated, as the sample size decreases, by the means of in situ heating microscopy techniques on free‐standing samples. As the sample size decreases, a significant transformation is observed: domain walls exhibit pronounced curvature, accompanied by an increase in both domain wall and junction density. This transformation is attributed to the pronounced influence of kinks, inducing sample warping, where “dipole–dipole” interactions are dominant (d−2). Moreover, a critical thickness range that delineates a crossover between the monopolar and dipolar regimens is experimentally identified and corroborated by atomic simulations. These findings are relevant for in situ TEM studies and for the development of novel devices based on free‐standing ferroic thin films and nanomaterials.
Understanding suicide prevention among Black college men
Authors: Wilton Leo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe objectives of this article are to examine the epidemiology of suicide for Black college men; social determinants of mental health, mental health inequities, and suicide prevention for Black college men; role of mental health utilization for Black college men; role of culture in addressing mental health needs for Black college men; racial trauma and mental health for Black college men; role of socio‐economic barriers for Black college men; mental health needs of Black college men amid the COVID‐19 pandemic; mental health needs of African and Caribbean college men; mental health needs of Black gay, bisexual, queer, and trans+ college men; and implications for colleges and universities in addressing the mental health needs of Black college men.
Mortal Man: How a Black male initiative changed me
Authors: Sewell Caleb Austin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this article, I use an autobiographical narrative case study to discuss my journey with my mental health and the ways that being a part of a Black men's initiative—first as a member, next as a peer mentor, and lastly, as the teaching assistant—helped me to undo some of the neglectful and toxic ways that I was avoiding my body, mind, and soul while pursuing my undergraduate degree. This article calls for campus leaders and administrators to understand and prioritize the need for Black men's initiatives. These initiatives create a crucial space for Black men at historically White institutions to access a culturally situated environment that can ultimately support their wellness.
Asymptomatic testicular torsion in a descended cat testicle
Authors: Joyce Kristian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAn incidental testicular torsion was discovered during orchiectomy of an approximately 4‐month‐old intact male kitten. His spermatic cord was twisted numerous times, which caused necrosis and swelling of the right teste. Despite these changes, the patient had no signs of pain or clinical signs typical of testicular torsion that is seen in other species. The owner of the kitten reported that the kitten was eating normally and did not show any signs of pain. The physical examination of the kitten did not reveal any tenderness upon palpation of the enlarged testicle. This case illustrates that testicular torsion is possible even in the absence of pain or discomfort in cats.
Femoral arterial cannulation for surgical repair of stanford type A aortic dissection
Authors: Juvonen Tatu , Vendramin Igor , Mariscalco Giovanni , Jormalainen Mikko , Perrotti Andrea , Hervé Amélie , Mazzaro Enzo , Gatti Giuseppe , Pettinari Matteo , Peterss Sven , Buech Joscha , Nappi Francesco , Pinto Angel G. , Rodriguez Lega Javier , Pol Marek , Rocek Jan , Kacer Petr , Rukosujew Andreas , Wisniewski Konrad , Piani Daniela , Demal Till , Conradi Lenard , Ferrante Luisa , Rinaldi Mauro , Quintana Eduard , Pruna‐Guillen Robert , Gerelli Sebastien , Di Perna Dario , Fiore Antonio , Folliguet Thierry , Acharya Metesh , El‐Dean Zein , Field Mark , Kuduvalli Manoj , Onorati Francesco , Francica Alessandra , Mäkikallio Timo , Dell’Aquila Angelo M. , Mustonen Caius , Raivio Peter , Rosato Stefano , Biancari Fausto 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe benefits and harms associated with femoral artery cannulation over other sites of arterial cannulation for surgical repair of acute Stanford type A aortic dissection (TAAD) are not conclusively established.MethodsWe evaluated the outcomes after surgery for TAAD using femoral artery cannulation, supra‐aortic arterial cannulation (i.e., innominate/subclavian/axillary artery cannulation), and direct aortic cannulation.Results3751 (96.1%) patients were eligible for this analysis. In‐hospital mortality using supra‐aortic arterial cannulation was comparable to femoral artery cannulation (17.8% vs. 18.4%; adjusted OR 0.846, 95% CI 0.799–1.202). This finding was confirmed in 1028 propensity score‐matched pairs of patients with supra‐aortic arterial cannulation or femoral artery cannulation (17.5% vs. 17.0%, p = 0.770). In‐hospital mortality after direct aortic cannulation was lower compared to femoral artery cannulation (14.0% vs. 18.4%, adjusted OR 0.703, 95% CI 0.529–0.934). Among 583 propensity score‐matched pairs of patients, direct aortic cannulation was associated with lower rates of in‐hospital mortality (13.4% vs. 19.6%, p = 0.004) compared to femoral artery cannulation. Switching of the primary site of arterial cannulation was associated with increased rate of in‐hospital mortality (36.5% vs. 17.0%; adjusted OR 2.730, 95% CI 1.564–4.765). Ten‐year mortality was similar in the study cohorts.ConclusionsIn this study, the outcomes of surgery for TAAD using femoral arterial cannulation were comparable to those using supra‐aortic arterial cannulation. However, femoral arterial cannulation was associated with higher in‐hospital mortality than direct aortic cannulation.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov registration code: NCT04831073.
Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and termites (Blattodea: Termitoidae) in the diet of wild white‐bellied pangolin (Phataginus tricuspis) in forest‐savanna habitats of Cameroon
Authors: Difouo Ghislain F. , Simo Franklin T. , Kekeunou Sévilor , Fokou Oscar R. , Ndoh Lyiong Giscard , Olson David 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe white‐bellied pangolin Phataginus tricuspis (Rafinesque 1821) is a semiarboreal species occurring in tropical sub‐Saharan Africa. It is the world's most trafficked African pangolin species based on volumes recorded in seizures. Reintroduction of confiscated live pangolins and ex‐situ rearing are being explored worldwide as a conservation action. However, the husbandry of seized animals is challenging as the diet of the white‐bellied pangolin is poorly known and little studied. We analyzed the stomach contents of dead white‐bellied pangolins from two forest‐savanna protected areas. Stomach content samples from 13 white‐bellied pangolin specimens contained ~165,000 Arthropoda, mostly Hymenoptera (60.34%) and Blattodea (39.66%). Overall, we identified 39 termite and 105 ant species consumed as prey by pangolins. Individual pangolins examined had fed on a maximum of 31 ant species and 13 termite species. The termite and ant species richness varied significantly across the pangolins' last consumed meal. We recorded 24 ant genera dominated by Crematogaster (relative importance [RI] = 17.28). Out of 18 termite genera recorded, the genus Pseudacanthotermes (RI = 17.21) was the most important prey. Ten ant species were preferentially eaten by white‐bellied pangolin, with Crematogaster acis being the most common prey species. Four species of termite were most frequently eaten with Pseudacanthotermes militaris being the most abundant. The mean abundance of ants and termites varied among pangolin individuals. The season did not influence the mean abundance of termites eaten by pangolin individuals. However, ant abundance in stomach contents was significantly higher in the dry season. An improved understanding of pangolin feeding behavior and prey selection may help inform conservation husbandry efforts. For example, nutritional analysis of the food eaten by wild pangolins can guide the development of nutritional diets for captive pangolins.
Proximal humeral fractures in children - controversies in decision making
Authors: Schippers Philipp , Gercek Erol , Schneidmüller Dorien , Strohm Peter C. , Ruckes Christian , Wegner Erik , Baranowski Andreas , Dietz Sven-Oliver 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Proximal humeral fractures in children are rare and usually treated non-operatively, especially in children younger than ten. The decision between operative and non-operative treatment is mostly based on age and fracture angulation. In the current literature, diverging recommendations regarding fracture angulation that is still tolerable for non-operative treatment can be found. Besides, there is no consensus on how fracture angulation should be determined. This study aimed to determine whether leading experts in pediatric trauma surgery in Germany showed agreement concerning the measurement of fracture angulation, deciding between operative and non-operative treatment, and choosing a treatment modality.

Methods
Twenty radiographs showing a proximal humeral fracture and the patient’s age were assessed twice by twenty-two senior members of the “Section of Pediatric Traumatology of the German Association for Trauma Surgery”. Experts determined the fracture angulation and chose between several operative and non-operative treatment modalities. The mean of individual standard deviations was calculated to estimate the accuracy of single measurements for fracture angulation. Besides Intra-Class Correlation and Fleiss’ Kappa coefficients were determined.

Results
For fracture angulation, experts showed moderate (ICC = 0.60) interobserver and excellent (ICC = 0.90) intraobserver agreement. For the treatment decision, there was fair (Kappa = 0.38) interobserver and substantial (Kappa = 0.77) intraobserver agreement. Finally, experts preferred ESIN over K-wires for operative and a Gilchrist over a Cuff/Collar for non-operative treatment.

Conclusions
Firstly, there is a need for consensus among experts on how fracture angulation in PHFs in children should be reliably determined. Our data indicate that choosing one method everybody agrees to use could be more helpful than using the most sophisticated. However, the overall importance of fracture angulation should also be critically discussed. Finally, experts should agree on treatment algorithms that could translate into guidelines to standardize the care and perform reliable outcome studies.

Level of evidence
III.