bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Unique 10-year Indian Experience in Enhanced Recovery after Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Shah Shashank S. , Mutha Sandeep , Kharat Sushil Kumar , Kanani Elmutaz Abdalla Mekki , Gerard Adrian 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
Obesity and related morbidities impose a significant burden on the health system. Bariatric surgery has been shown to be the most effective treatment to achieve the required weight loss and reverse the metabolic syndrome. Patients with obesity essentially fall in the high-risk surgical group. Advances in the perioperative management and anesthetic techniques had resulted in enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS). We are presenting a 10-year experience of implementing a locally pioneered ERAS protocol that predated contemporary protocols.

Materials and Methods:
Retrospective analysis of data of all patients who underwent bariatric surgery in a single institution from January 2012 to December 2022 was performed. Microsoft Office Excel 2007 was used for statistical analysis.

Results:
The 7522 patients included 2408 males and 5114 females (ratio 1:2.1). Mean age was 44.6 ± 17 years (13–81 years) and body mass index 41.9 ± 12.4 kg/m2 (26–77 kg/m2). All procedures were done laparoscopically. Procedures included sleeve gastrectomy 69% (mean operative time 39 min; standard deviation [SD] ±15 min), Roux-en-Y gastric bypass 21% (mean operative time 63 min; SD ± 17 min), and one anastomosis gastric bypass 10% (mean operative time 45 min; SD ± 7 min). Seventy percent of patients were discharged within 24 h after surgery and 1.4% hospitalized for ≥72 h. Four hundred and eighty-nine patients (6.5%) were readmitted within 30 days of surgery (96% mandated by inadequate oral intake). The incidence of early major complications was 0.3%. There was no documented mortality.

Conclusion:
This protocol’s long-term safety and efficacy support the current ERAS guidelines.
Management of Postgastric Bypass Jejuno-jejunal Anastomotic Leak: A Multicenter Retrospective Study
Authors: Patolia Sanjay , Patolia Hetal , Bhalodia Dhara , Patel Himmat , Kapadia Mandeep 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Anastomotic leakage is one of the most critical complications following gastric bypass surgery. Leakage from jejuno-jejunal (JJ) anastomosis after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass occurs infrequently, and so there are fewer studies on its management. The JJ anastomotic leak (AL) has high morbidity and mortality; hence, early detection and timely management are critical to optimizing outcomes.

Aims and Objectives:
We evaluated all the treatment options for the patients experiencing JJ anastomosis leaks to propose an algorithm-based practical management guideline for these patients.

Materials and Methods:
During the early postoperative period, retrospective analysis using clinical findings, blood parameters, and contrast computed tomography scans were carried out, and patients were classified into various categories such as leak with/without septicemia and leak with or without extravasation of contrast. All the patients were managed differently based on the category they belonged to.

Results:
Over a period of 3 years, out of 1393 cases of gastric bypass, 11 patients (0.78%) were diagnosed with postoperative JJ AL within 6 weeks of the postoperative period. The earlier cases were extensively treated with diagnostic laparoscopy along with local lavage, insertion of a feeding jejunostomy tube, leakage site drainage, proximal drainage, and nasogastric decompression with or without intensive care, causing considerable hospital stay and increased morbidity. With experience, we realized that all patients with leaks do not require extensive management. We have eventually determined an algorithm to manage JJ ALs depending on clinical and radiological parameters.

Conclusion:
Our individualized and effective algorithm-based management protocol results in quicker recovery, optimizes the intervention, and minimizes hospital stay, morbidity, and mortality after postoperative JJ AL. It can potentially mitigate the cost burden in India while ensuring a better outcome. This retrospective pilot study can be a practical guideline for the optimal management of JJ ALs after gastric bypass.
Assessment of Cinnamaldehyde’s Potency on Heat Stress-induced Testicular Impairments in Wistar Rats
Authors: Muthusamy Pazhanisankar , Wankhar Dapkupar , Paul Jeyakumari , Ravishankar Nivetha , Rajan Ravindran 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Male sterility results from high testicular temperatures, which affect mammalian spermatogenesis. High testicular temperatures affect sperm motility, morphology and fertility according to their magnitude and duration.

Aims:
The aim of the current study is to examine the effects of heat-induced oxidative stress and cinnamaldehyde on Wistar rat testicular structure and function.

Settings and Design:
The rats used in this experiment were Wistar albino rats.

Materials and Methods:
This research has six animals per group. Male Wistar albino rats of 2.5–3 months old and 275–300 g. (I) control, (II) heat stress (HS) in a closed chamber at 41°C for 14 days and (III) HS with cinnamaldehyde (CA) 50 mg/kg body weight for 14 days. (IV) CA alone. After the study, the animals were euthanised, and test samples were taken for sperm count, morphology, haematoxylin and eosin stain for normal cellular morphology, antioxidants and DNA integrity assessments.

Statistical Analysis Used:
The data were analysed statistically using one- and two-way ANOVA tests for comparisons between groups.

Results:
The stress group had significantly lower sperm counts and poor sperm morphology. The stress group’s antioxidant capacity is much lower than that of the control group. Animals under stress have fragmented DNA. Treatment with cinnamaldehyde increased overall antioxidant capacity and seminal parameters, and rats behaved most like controls.

Conclusion:
CA restores malondialdehyde levels, total antioxidant capacity, sperm characteristics and mitigates testicular damage in rats exposed to experimental HS.
Factors associated with the incidence of patient falls in hospitals: A scoping review
Authors: Ainani Nurul , Irwan Andi Masyitha 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
When a patient falls within a hospital setting, there is a significant increase in the risk of severe injury or health complications. Recognizing factors associated with such falls is crucial to mitigate their impact on patient safety. This review seeks to analyze the factors contributing to patient falls in hospitals. The main goal is to enhance our understanding of the reasons behind these falls, enabling hospitals to devise more effective prevention strategies. This study reviewed literature published from 2013 to 2022, using the Arksey and O’Malley methodology for a scoping review. The research literature was searched from seven databases, namely, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Wiley Library, Garuda, Global Index Medicus, Emerald Insight, and Google Scholar. The inclusion criteria comprised both qualitative and quantitative primary and secondary data studies centered on hospitalized patients. Out of the 893 studies analyzed, 23 met the criteria and were included in this review. Although there is not an abundance of relevant literature, this review identified several factors associated with falls in hospitals. These encompass environmental, patient, staff, and medical factors. This study offers valuable insights for hospitals and medical personnel aiming to enhance fall prevention practices. Effective prevention efforts should prioritize early identification of patient risk factors, enhancement of the care environment, thorough training for care staff, and vigilant supervision of high-risk patients. By comprehending the factors that contribute to patient falls, hospitals can bolster patient safety and mitigate the adverse effects of falls within the health-care setting.
Infection control and prevention in burn victims: The role of nurses
Authors: Ariyo Dorcas Ayomikun , Olorunfemi Olaolorunpo 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
Burn injury is a major public health concern, with an estimated 180,000 deaths each year associated with burn-related infections. The majority of these occur in low- and middle-income countries, and almost two-thirds occur in the World Health Organization African and South-East Asia Regions. There is a risk of an escalation of burn injury site infections if nurses who are directly involved in burn care do not develop a mechanism to mitigate this risk in the coming years. Hence, this study aims at explaining what burn injuries are and how nurses can prevent the occurrence of infection among burn victims. This review analyzed published studies using keywords such as burn injury, infection in burn patients, and nurses’ involvement in infection prevention and control (IPC) on search engines such as PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. The literature was retrieved and reviewed for eligibility to capture just the variables indicated in this seminar objective; the date range chosen in the literature search was from 2015 to 2023. The study found that many patients die from burn injuries as a result of exposure to infection and most nurses are not adequately informed about infection control. The study also found that nurses’ responsibilities include proper hand hygiene, wound care, the use of personal protective equipment, antibiotic medication, cleaning the patient’s surroundings, and preventing patient cross-contamination. Burn injuries pose a significant risk to patients, necessitating infection control and prevention. Therefore, nurses in burn units should be informed on IPC practices and also educate patients, families, and coworkers on their importance.
Impact of auditory stimulation nursing protocol on auditory response in cerebrovascular stroke patients
Authors: Zaky Mohammed ElSayed , Al Sebaee Hanan Ahmed , Ibrahiem Nagat El Morsy , Mohammed Heba Ahmed , Mohammad Mohammad Edrees 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
The objective of the study was to explore the impact of auditory stimulation protocol on auditory response in cerebrovascular stroke (CVS) patients.

Materials and Methods:
A pre–posttest nonequivalent control group quasi-experimental study was conducted at Al Mainal Hospital at Al Kars Einy Hospital, Cairo University, among 60 CVS patients, and the sample was randomly assigned through a coin to allocate subjects to study or control group (30 for each group). Auditory stimulation techniques were applied three times per week for the study group for two consecutive weeks. Patients in the control group received only routine hospital care during the study period. The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score for assessing the neurological function and level of arousal and the auditory subscale score of Western Neuro Sensory Stimulation Profile (WNSSP) for assessing auditory response were recorded and compared between the two groups before and after the intervention.

Results:
There were statistically significant differences between the study group and the control group regarding third reading of GCS score (11.5 ± 0.3 vs. 10.6 ± 0.9, t = 4.676, P = 0.000). The scores of all auditory subscales of WNSSP in the study groups increased after implementing the auditory stimulation protocol (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Utilizing the auditory stimulation protocol by nurse proves to be an effective method for enhancing hearing responses in individuals with CVS.
Family journey in the process of recovery of schizophrenia: A qualitative study
Authors: Fauziah Sifa , Balqis Ummi Malikal , Obar Obar , Suryadin Asep , Chairunisa Stefani 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The aim of this research is to explore the life experiences of schizophrenic families in accompanying the recovery process.

Methods:
This study uses a qualitative method with descriptive phenomenology to explain phenomena from family experiences. The number of the participants was eight families who had family members with schizophrenia. Sampling was determined by purposive sampling. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed using the Colaizzi method.

Results:
The results of this study show four themes that emerged including (1) psychological burden on the family, (2) families needing support in the recovery process, (3) obstacles due to social stigma, and (4) family gratitude for being able to pass the test patiently.

Conclusion:
The schizophrenia family’s journey in the recovery process is very long. They are required to endure in assisting the recovery process. Experiences felt by the family include feelings, obstacles, and hopes that arise in carrying out their role to assist the recovery process which aims to improve the health of schizophrenia patients. The findings from this study provide insight for nurses to be able to pay attention to family psychological problems by strengthening families through home visits and health promotion related to the recovery process of survivor schizophrenia.
The impact of foot reflexology on fatigue and sleep quality in school-aged children undergoing hemodialysis
Authors: Mohamed Amal Hashem , Shaban Mostafa , Mohammed Huda Hamdy , Abobaker Randa Mohamed , Alsaqri Salman Hamdan , Allam Rania Abd-Elnaby Mohammed 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective:
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of foot reflexology on fatigue and sleep quality in school-aged children receiving hemodialysis.

Methods:
A quasi-experimental pretest–posttest design was utilized. Thirty children of ages 6–12 undergoing in-center hemodialysis were recruited. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Inventory of Fatigue Symptom (IFS) scales were administered at baseline. Participants then received 30 min of foot reflexology massage before hemodialysis sessions 3 days per week for 12 weeks. Posttest administration of the sleep and fatigue scales occurred after the intervention period.

Results:
Reflexology massage led to significant improvements in sleep quality components, including duration (0%–30% normal sleepers), efficiency (0%–50% >85%), latency (50%–0% >60 min), disturbances, and daytime dysfunction. The mean PSQI score decreased from 18.2 to 9.7 (P < 0.05). Fatigue severity substantially decreased, with the mean IFS score improving from 105.7 to 64.1 (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Foot reflexology is an effective nursing intervention for reducing fatigue and improving sleep quality in children on hemodialysis, warranting integration into routine care.
Evaluation and Management of Mechanical Infertility Using Minimal Access Surgery
Authors: Khanyari Insha Jan , Yousuf Sabia , Beigh Mehbooba , Naseer Syed , Khurshid Nadia , Shera Faiz Altaf 
Published: May 2024

Introduction:
Tubal and peritoneal pathologies are one of the most common causes responsible for female infertility corresponding to 30%–40% of cases. The use of combined hysteroscopy and laparoscopy (HL) has now become a gold standard in the diagnosis and subsequent treatment of these pathologies.

Aim of the Study:
(1) Evaluation of infertile females for tubal and uterine pathologies using combined HL as a diagnostic aid. (2) To find out the feasibility of providing therapeutic management concurrently.

Materials and Methods:
This study was conducted from 2018 to 2019 on 100 married females in the age group of 20–45 years with primary or secondary infertility of > 1-year duration after ruling out male causes and hormonal causes of infertility. Laparoscopy and hysteroscopy were performed in a single session; methylene blue dye testing was done. Any relevant positive findings on hysterolaparoscopy were noted, and the incidence of different lesions was calculated. Surgical procedures wherever possible were carried out and tabulated accordingly.

Results:
Out of all patients subjected to combined HL, positive findings were noted in 76% of the cases. The most common hysteroscopic pathology in our patients was intrauterine adhesions (9.2%), followed by polyp (7.9%) and septum (6.6%). Similarly, on laparoscopy, the common findings were adhesions (23.7%), endometriosis (21.1%), myomas (17.1%), and hydrosalpinx (13.2%). Unilateral tubal block was seen in 15.8% and bilateral tubal block in 13.2% of the patients. Hysteroscopic procedures were done in 40.8% of the patients and laparoscopic procedures in 60.5% of the patients.

Conclusion:
From our study, we concluded that combined HL serves as an important diagnostic as well as a therapeutic modality in female infertility. Direct visualization of the uterine cavity and the ability to manipulate uterus and adnexa and perform any procedure required l(cannulation, septal resection, adhesiolysis etc.) all in a single session makes combined HL a far more superior tool for evaluation and treatment of infertility.
Serum Vitamin D Level and its Association with Early Pregnancy Failure
Authors: Shah Ruby Gulzar , Khanyari Insha Jan , Khursheed Rabiya , Nisar Peerzada Danish , Khurshid Nadia , Ahmad Aabida 
Published: May 2024

Introduction:
Vitamin D status during pregnancy has been drawing great attention in recent years. Studies indicate that Vitamin D plays an important role in the sustainability of pregnancy.

Aims:
The aims of this study were to study the serum Vitamin D levels in patients with early pregnancy failure and to compare and correlate the values with subjects who successfully take their pregnancy to the second trimester.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 200 patients were included in the study and were divided into two groups. Group A consisted of 100 women with early pregnancy failure. Group B consisted of 100 women who carried their pregnancy to the second trimester without any complications. The laboratory evaluation comprised the estimation of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels in the two groups, and the values were compared in the two groups.

Results:
The mean 25(OH)D concentration was 16.77 μg/L ± standard deviation (SD) for Group A and 28.71 μg/L ± SD for Group B. There was a strong correlation between low 25(OH)D levels and pregnancy loss; odds ratio 2.10, P < 0.001.

Conclusion:
From our study, we concluded that Vitamin D deficiency is associated with early pregnancy failure. It is advisable to consider prepregnancy Vitamin D screening in women having first-trimester pregnancy loss history.
Evaluation of Inpatients Medication Prescribing Practice at Ibrahim Malik Teaching Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Elamin Abda Kamaleldin E. , Ibrahim Rudaina Ali M. Nour , Ali Baraa Isam E. , Elhag Khabab A. , Yousef Bashir Alsiddig 
Published: May 2024

Introduction:
Prescribing errors account for almost 50% of medication errors and represent the eighth leading cause of death in the US. The current study aimed to evaluate inpatient prescribing practice by assessing adherence to prescription-writing guidelines and identifying the frequency and severity of drug-drug interactions (DDIs) and drug-disease interactions (DDSIs).

Methods:
An observational-descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among inpatient wards in Ibrahim Malik teaching hospital, Khartoum, Sudan. Total coverage sampling was performed and the sample size consisted of 132 prescriptions containing a total of 700 prescribed drugs. The data were collected from patients’ files, and the completeness of prescriptions was assessed according to national and international guidelines. Drug interactions were checked by the interaction checker of www.drug.com.

Results:
The overall prescription completeness was 0%, and the completeness of both prescriber data and medication data were 1.5%, (0.4% for Intravenous [IV] and 0.6% for non-IV drugs), respectively. The most missing elements of the prescription were duration and qualification. Moreover, only 25% of the prescribed drugs were written in the Prescription and Medication Administration Record or drug chart, but the rest were written elsewhere within the patient’s file. The prescriptions containing DDIs and DDSIs were 49.2% and 46.2%, respectively, ranging from major (9.1%), moderate, (40.9%), and minor (28%) for DDIs, major (30.3%), moderate (33.3%), and minor (0.8%) for DDSIs. The highest percentage of drug interactions was found in the internal medicine ward. Diabetes was significantly associated with both DDIs (P = 0.003) and DDSIs (P = 0.031).

Conclusion:
The findings of this study reflect a real problem in prescribing practice, as no prescription was considered to be complete, and nearly half of the patients were exposed to DDIs and/or DDSIs.
A Review on Biology, Status, and Medicinal Importance of Echinochloa colona L.
Authors: Bohara Bhuwan , Oli Sarita , Kafle Binod , Thapa Kusum , Bohara Menuka 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Echinochloa colona L., commonly known as jungle rice, is a pervasive weed that poses significant challenges to agricultural productivity worldwide. This review explores the comprehensive aspects of the weed, including its biology, ecological status, and intriguing medicinal properties. As a C4 grass species, E. colona L. adapts well to diverse environmental conditions, leading to its wider spread distribution and adverse impact on crop yields. The review begins by delving into the weeds’ morphological and physiological characteristics, shedding light on its life cycle, growth habits, and reproductive mechanisms. The ecological status selection provides insights into E. colona L. global distribution, its impact on different crops, and the mechanisms that contribute to its resilience and adaptability. In addition to its role as a notorious weed, E. colona L. harbors medicinal properties that have been conventionally recognized in various cultures. The review explores the ethnobotanical uses of E. colona L., emphasizing its potential therapeutic benefits. Phytochemical analyses reveal the presence of bioactive compounds with antioxidants and exploration of its medicinal applications. Despite its weed status, understanding the ecological and biological aspects of E. colona L. is crucial for developing effective management strategies. Furthermore, recognizing the medicinal potential of this weed may offer alternative perspectives, fostering research into sustainable uses that could benefit both agriculture and human health. This comprehensive review provides a valuable resource for researchers, agronomists, and pharmacologists, guiding future studies aimed at harnessing the full potential of E. colona L.