bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the Ownership of Recovered Meteorites
Authors: La Paz Lincoln 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTRoy R. Carpenter's digest of the legal cases where the ownership of a recovered meteorite was the subject of controversy is reviewed. The accepted ruling as to the ownership of recovered meteorites is shown to be unreasonable and to work against the best interests of science. It is urged that such organizations as the Society for Research on Meteorites seek to secure more just and realistic legislation on this highly important question.
A Remark on the Puente‐Ladron, New Mexico, Aerolite
Authors: La Paz Lincoln 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTThere is ample evidence to support the belief that the American Indians collected meteorites and preserved them for longer or shorter periods, during which, in some cases, the meteorites were transported over considerable distances. The strip of country along the Rio Puerco, within which the Puente‐Ladron, New Mexico, aerolite was found, was one of the main highways of Amerind traffic and a favorite camping and hunting ground until very recent times. Unless it can be shown that the aerolite in question was not transported into this area by an Indian and there discarded or lost, an all‐out search of the Puente‐Ladron area for other members of the shower to which it has been conjectured the stone belongs does not seem justified.
The Average Composition of Meteoritic Iron*
Authors: Buddhue John Davis 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTAverage analyses are given by type and as a whole for iron meteorites (siderites, Si), based on selected analyses of 327 siderites. Average compositions are given also for pallasites (P), mesosiderites (Ms), and for the metallic part of chondrites (C). The composition of meteoritic iron appears to be very nearly the same, regardless of whether it occurs alone or in combination with silicate material.
Further Remarks on the Puente‐Ladron, New Mexico, Aerolite
Authors: Smith Claude H. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTThe facts are against the possibility that the 7.7‐gram Puente‐Ladron, New Mexico, aerolite, was carried into the area of its find by Indians and there discarded or lost; accordingly, every effort should be made to search the region carefully for other possible members of the fall.
Meteors, Burning Planes, and Rockets
Authors: Nininger H. H. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTThis article presents one more reason for the teaching of meteoritics in high schools as well as in colleges. Proper insight into the nature of meteorites and meteors would reduce confusion between meteors and burning planes. This understanding would save both lives and property and at the same time would increase the efficiency with which meteoriticists could attack the problem of meteor surveys.
The Coördinate Numbers of the Falls of the U.S.S.R., Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland*
Authors: Leonard Frederick C. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTThe coördinate numbers of the falls of the U.S.S.R., Estonia, Latvia, Luthuania, and Poland, taken from our “Catalog of Provisional Coördinate Numbers for the Meteoritic Falls of the World,” are compared, in Tables 1 and 2, with the coördinate numbers derived from the longitudes and latitudes as given by E. L. Krinov for 112 of the 113 falls appearing in his “Short Catalog of the U.S.S.R. Meteorites” (1945). Six (6) falls listed by Krinov, but not found in the catalogs of Coulson, Hey, and Leonard, are enumerated in Table 3, while 14 falls not listed by Krinov, but included in our catalog, are inventoried in Table 4. The data of Tables 1 and 2 are commented on briefly.
The Specific Gravity of Meteoritic Iron*
Authors: Buddhue John Davis 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTA study of more than 100 determinations of the specific gravity of siderites indicates that most of the specific gravities found are lower than that of pure iron and all are lower than that of pure nickel. This fact indicates that either (a) a large proportion of the determinations are in error or (b) the specific gravity of meteoritic iron is often abnormally low, possibly as a result of porosity. The specific gravity should increase with increasing nickel content, and there is some indication that it does. The supposition that the determinations are low because of porosity does not seem consistent with the idea that siderites are a part of the debris resulting from the destruction of a minor planet.
On the Probability of Coincidental Meteoritic Falls*
Authors: Hoel Paul G. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTBy means of Poisson probabilities, the number of coincidental meteoritic falls in the United States is shown to be unreasonably large when the probabilities are based upon the density of total falls. Either some of the coincidental falls are not distinct falls or such factors as increased searching in the vicinity of known falls may account for the excess.
Hypothetical Meteorites of Sedimentary Origin*
Authors: Cross Frank C. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTIn 1939, Dr. Assar Hadding, the Director of the Geological Institute in Lund, Sweden, described two specimens (one of limestone and one of sandstone) that he believed to be of cosmic origin. This paper briefly reviews Hadding's account and discusses three other specimens, found in the United States, that may deserve consideration in connection with the specimens found in Sweden.
Observations on the Carolina “Craters” or “Bays”*
Authors: Barringer Brandon 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTThe Carolina “craters” or “Bays” seem unlikely to have had a meteoritic origin, because: (a) not one meteorite is known to have been indisputably associated with any of the hundreds of craters, tho many are very small; (b) the subsurface strata are undisturbed; (c) the smaller craters are not more “filled‐in” than the larger; and (d) the symmetry of the Rains, South Carolina, group can hardly be explained by a chance distribution of 6 bodies traveling thru space.
A Report on Searches for Possible Lunar Meteoric Phenomena*
Authors: Haas Walter H. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTIf the Moon were completely devoid of an atmosphere, as the textbooks assert, meteorites would strike its surface at full cosmic velocity. Both theoretical and observational evidence shows that the impact at cosmic velocity of a relatively small meteorite with the surface of the Moon would produce a flare easily visible from the Earth. Fully 65.7 hours of attentive systematic observation of the unilluminated portion of the Moon have not certainly revealed one such meteoritic impact‐flare. There have been observed, however, 10 moving luminous specks of short duration, seen projected against the Moon. An analysis of the characteristics of these luminous specks and of their paths is given in this paper. None of the results obtained in this analysis precludes the possibility that the observed luminous specks were lunar meteors; and it is shown that the number of such specks so far observed is roughly equal to the expected number of lunar meteors visible under the circumstances of the observations.
Adventures in a Magnetic Search for Meteorites*
Authors: Nininger H. H. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTPowerful, localized anomalies were discovered by magnetometer operations in 2 different localities, leading to an investigation of those areas as the possible sites of buried meteoritic material. Excavation of one locus resulted in the complete vanishing of the anomaly and revealed nothing of a magnetic nature, altho some of the boulders in the area displayed a slight polarity. Investigation of the other site resulted in a similar disappearance of the anomaly. It is believed that the excavation process disturbed a curious pole‐to‐pole arrangement of the boulders, which had formed a powerful magnetic eddy in the Earth. The question is posed as to a more satisfactory explanation of this phenomenon.
Further Notes on the Puente‐Ladron, New Mexico, Aerolite (1068,344)*
Authors: Ninger H. H. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTFurther details concerning observations on the Puente‐Ladron, New Mexico, aerolite (1068,344), at the time and place of its discovery, are presented with the conclusion that the stone was found on the site where it had fallen. The probable presence in that area of other stones of the same fall is set forth and an intensive search is again urged.
Final Remarks on the Puente‐Ladron, New Mexico, Aerolite (1068,344)
Authors: La Paz Lincoln 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTThis note consists of comments on the preceding paper. The conclusion is reached that meteoriticists might much more profitably spend their time in searching in the hospitable and inspiring neighborhood of the Canyon Diablo, Arizona, Crater for additional fragments of the shower of which the 2,789‐gram Coon Butte, Arizona, aerolite was a member, than in hunting for companions to the tiny 7.7‐gram Puente‐Ladron, New Mexico, aerolite, in a hypothetical strewn field situated in a region which outranks even Arntz, Arizona, as a meteoriticists' purgatory.
The Orbit of the Paragould, Arkansas, Meteor*
Authors: Nelson Harry E. , Thomsen Warren J. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTThe elements of the orbit of the body that dropped the Paragould, Arkansas, meteorites of 1930 February 17 are given. The elements were calculated from the data computed in 1941 by J. F. Foster and R. L. Duncombe for the ground point, which also are included in the paper as part of the summary of the calculation of the orbit.
Two Recent “Falls” in the Portland, Oregon, Area Reported as Meteoritic*
Authors: Pruett J. Hugh 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTThis article contains an account of two “falls,” one that occurred on the night of October 9, 1946, the date of the Draconid meteoric shower, the other on the morning of January 4, 1947, both in the vicinity of Portland, Oregon. These “falls” were thought at the time of their occurrence to be meteoritic in nature, and, as such, were widely reported in the public press, but they were soon proved by scientists and others who investigated them to be unquestionably terrestrial in origin.
A Classificational Sequence of Meteorites
Authors: Leonard Frederick C. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTA classificational sequence of meteorites, based upon what is called the Tschermak‐Brezina‐Prior—or, for brevity, Prior's—classification, is presented and discussed in detail. In an appendix, certain quotations from a paper by G. T. Prior are included for reference, and in exposition of some of the particulars of the forenamed system.
Synthetic Metallic Meteorites
Authors: Buddhue John Davis 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTPrevious successful attempts to synthesize metallic meteorites are reviewed. The author also has been successful in synthesizing an octahedrite containing 27.7% nickel. Other alloys were prepared containing various amounts of iron, nickel, and cobalt, and 2 of these showed poorly developed Widmanstätten figures. The composition, heat treatment, hardness, and, in some cases, specific gravity of these alloys are given.
The Orbits of Three Stone‐Dropping Meteors: Tilden, Paragould, and Archie*
Authors: Wylie C. C. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTThe elements of the orbits of the bodies that dropped stony meteorites (aerolites) at Tilden, Illinois, in 1927; at Paragould, Arkansas, in 1930; and at Archie, Missouri, in 1932, are presented and briefly discussed. All 3 orbits were direct, with moderate eccentricities and inclinations, not unlike those of some of the asteroids.
The Energy of the Podkamennaya Tunguska, Siberia, Meteoritic Fall (±1019,609)
Authors: La Paz Lincoln 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTThis note points out that, in case F. J. W. Whipple's estimate of the energy expended by the Podkamennaya Tunguska, Siberia, meteorite on the atmosphere is accepted, the mass of this meteorite, assumed to be terrene in composition, must have been of the order of 107 metric tons, if its velocity was 10 km./sec., and of the order of 105 metric tons, even if its velocity was 100 km./sec. The enormity of these terrene masses, coupled with the failure of exhaustive search to recover any fragment whatever of this fall, is held to support the hypothesis that the Podkamennaya Tunguska meteorite was contraterrene in nature.
The Non‐circularity of the Canyon Diablo, Arizona, Meteorite Crater*
Authors: Zimmerman Walter W. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTIn an attempt to obtain photographic evidence relative to the existence or non‐existence of “rays” in connection with the Canyon Diablo, Arizona, Meteorite Crater, aerial photographs were secured, which showed the Crater to be distinctly non‐circular in outline.
A New Glass of Possibly Extraterrestrial Origin*
Authors: Cross Frank C. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTThis paper records the discovery, in Val Verde County, on the Rio Grande in Texas, of 350 remarkably symmetrical specimens of natural glass resembling certain forms of tektites—particularly australites. The distribution of the specimens in a small elliptical area far removed from any evidence of volcanic action, as well as certain features of the specimens themselves, suggests for them a possibly extraterrestrial origin, tho they exhibit certain features which set them definitely apart from other specimens ordinarily accepted as belonging in the category of tektites.
The Valverdites: A Weathered Obsidian Form Superficially Resembling Certain Tektites*
Authors: La Paz Lincoln 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTThis paper is devoted to a critical study of the natural glasses recently found in Val Verde County, Texas. On the basis of the behavior of these so‐called valverdites under the blowpipe flame; of their low densities and indices of refraction; of the crystallites and megascopic crystals contained in them; and of their other peculiarities, the conclusion is reached that they are not tektites, but are weathered pebbles of obsidian.
The Reported Crater‐Producing Meteoritic Fall of 1947 February 12 in Eastern Siberia
Authors: La Paz Lincoln 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTIn recent issues of these Contributions, certain Russian news releases concerning the fall of crater‐producing meteorites in the Ussuri Taiga in eastern Siberia, on 1947 February 12, are quoted or abstracted. It is the purpose of this paper to record other Russian news items concerning this fall, and to point out the existence of internal inconsistencies in all such news reports; also surprising discrepancies, on the one hand, between them and the information on the Ussuri fall published by Russian meteoriticists, and, on the other hand, between them and the numerous concordant reports relating to the great Podkamennaya Tunguska, Siberia (± 1019,609), fall of 1908 June 30. A summary of the information on the Ussuri fall given in recent important papers by E. L. Krinov is presented, and attention is called to a program for the translation of Russian papers, such as Krinov's, on meteoritics, initiated in 1934–35 at the Ohio State University, by Dr. A. G. Wiens and the writer, and now resumed at the Institute of Meteoritics of the University of New Mexico by the writer, in cooperation with Dr. Alexander W. Boldyreff.
A Second Note on the Exclusively Meteoritic Minerals
Authors: Neuerburg George J. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTTroilite, which has been contended recently to be exclusively meteoritic, has one well‐authenticated terrestrial occurrence. The identification of terrestrial clinoenstatite and clinohypersthene is subject to considerable doubt; it is therefore suggested that these minerals should be included in the list of exclusively meteoritic minerals. It is suggested further that taenite is properly excluded from this list. The revised list contains clinoenstatite (?), clinohypersthene (?), daubréelite, kosmochlor, merrillite (?), oldhamite, osbornite, phosphorus, schreibersite, and weinbergerite.
Azimuth Determinations in Meteoritics by Means of Time Readings*
Authors: La Paz Lincoln 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTThe inability of untrained observers accurately to measure and report, e.g., the azimuth (bearing) of the point of disappearance, L, of a fireball is universally acknowledged. Even several weeks after the occurrence of a spectacular fireball, however, such observers are able to remember and to point out with some accuracy the position that L occupied in the sky. In this paper, advantage is taken of the layman's ability to recall and to sight at points in the sky like L, in order to develop a method by means of which the azimuth of a point, P, on the apparent path of a meteorite thru the atmosphere can be calculated, provided the observer simply reads and records a single watch‐time, T, on some sunny day subsequent to the fall. This time, T, is the instant when the true Sun either has the same azimuth as P or differs from P in azimuth by 180°.
The Effect of Cosmic Rays on Meteorites
Authors: Stücklen Hildegard 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAn investigation has been made into the effect upon meteorites in space of the primary rays in the exceedingly strong cosmic radiation that falls upon these bodies before they penetrate the Earth's atmosphere. Specimens of meteorites with terrestrial ages (i.e., intervals since time of fall) ranging from 9 months to 457 years were studied by means of the nuclear‐emulsion‐plate technique.The oldest meteorite studied (Ensisheim, Alsace, France) was found to be inactive, and the next oldest (Pitts, Georgia) was only very slightly active. On the other hand, the relatively young Walters, Oklahoma, meteorite showed considerable activity, and a metallic inclusion and one piece of crust from the very recent Norton‐Furnas Counties, Kansas‐Nebraska, achondritic fall of 1948 February 18 were very active indeed. Another piece of Norton crust showed only slight activity, and two other fragments of this achondrite were inactive.Examination of the nuclear “stars” recorded on the emulsion plates shows that the activity observed in the specimens studied is an induced one and cannot be attributed to the low content of natural radioactive elements present in the meteorites. Tentative explanations of this induced activity are advanced in the paper.
A Preliminary Report on Indian Ruins Discovered Near the Crest of the Barringer Meteorite Crater, Arizona*
Authors: La Paz Lincoln 
Published: June 2012

AbstractReferences to the superstitious fear with which the Barringer Meteorite Crater, near Canyon Diablo, Arizona, was regarded by the native dwellers of the Southwest, and to their avoidance of the Crater site, are abundant in the literature of meteoritics. Discovery of points and other artifacts on the flanks of the Crater by the Ohio State University Meteorite Expedition of 1939 first cast doubt on the validity of legendary scare‐stories concerning the Indians, and this doubt was intensified by the discovery, in 1948–49, of remarkable arrowheads and pottery‐shards, well up on the rim of the Crater, by Mr. Theodore E. Johnson, the Custodian of the Crater. In an effort to settle the question of possible Indian occupancy of the rim, archeological investigations were carried on by the Institute of Meteoritics at the Crater in the summer of 1950. As a result, not only were many points and other artifacts collected, but also Indian ruins, constructed from blocks of the Coconino sandstone occurring in the Crater rim, were discovered. One of these ruins, situated only 250 feet below the crest of the Crater rim, was completely excavated by Institute personnel, and is believed to date from a.d. 1300, at the latest.
Synthetic Schreibersite*
Authors: Buddhue John Davis 
Published: June 2012

AbstractA simple preparation of 2 synthetic nickel‐iron phosphides is described. One has the physical properties and chemical composition of schreibersite. The other is non‐magnetic, is almost insoluble in acids, and has an analysis similar to 3 anomalous analyses of phosphide from the Canyon Diablo, Arizona, siderites.
Some Observations on High‐Speed Impact*
Authors: Rinehart John S. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThis paper summarizes many of the experimental data that exist on phenomena associated with the impact of high‐velocity particles; specifically, it discusses the impact of 20,000 ft./sec. particles produced by shaped charges, and the mechanics and energetics of crater formation. The probable mass of the meteorite that formed the Barringer Meteorite Crater of Arizona is calculated and found to be about 12,500 ordinary tons.The principal conclusions drawn from the data are that (a) probably only a small fraction of the total mass of a meteorite is vaporized on impact; (b) a meteorite may or may not shatter on impact; (c) the volume of the crater fixes rather closely the striking energy of the meteorite; and (d) there is some likelihood that high‐velocity meteorites do not imbed themselves in the craters that they form.
The La Lande, New Mexico, Chondrite (ECN =+1041,344)*
Authors: Beck Carl W. , Stevenson Ralph G. , La Paz Lincoln 
Published: June 2012

AbstractIn this paper are given details concerning a chondritic meteorite found in 1933 near the La Lande post office in De Baca County, New Mexico. Macroscopic and microscopic mineralogical examinations and chemical analyses are given. The meteorite is composed chiefly of olivine and enstatite (variety, hypersthene), lesser amounts of a dispersed metallic phase, and small percentages of enstatite‐clinoenstatite intergrowths and secondary hematite. On the basis of this investigation, the La Lande meteorite is classified as a hypersthene‐olivine chondrite (Chy). Evidence is presented to indicate that the La Lande aerolite may not be a distinct fall, but may be simply a member of the widely scattered Melrose, Curry County, New Mexico, shower. Three (3) figures and 2 tables are given.
The Odessa, Texas, Siderite (ECN =+ 1025,318)*
Authors: Beck Carl W. , La Paz Lincoln 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThis paper presents certain historical facts relating to the discovery of meteorites in the neighborhood of the Odessa, Texas, Meteorite Crater; a discussion of the distribution and other characteristics of the meteoritic materials so far recovered by surface and subsurface search at that crater; a detailed mineralogical and metallographic study of the metallic phase of the meteorite; and chemical and radiochemical analyses of the sideritic material. The results of the investigation, insofar as they relate to the unaltered nickel‐iron, are consonant with the classification of Odessa as a coarse octahedrite (Og). Two (2) figures and 2 tables are given.
A Possible Meteorite Crater near Duckwater, Nye County, Nevada (ECN =+1157,387)
Authors: Rinehart John S. , Elvey C. T. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractA circular crater, known before 1936, near Duckwater, Nye County, Nevada (ECN = + 1157,387), some 225 feet in diameter and from 10 to 15 feet deep, which may be meteoritic in origin, is described. Altho extensive searches have been made, no meteoritic material has as yet been located in or near this crater.
A Reinvestigation of the Weaver Mountains, Arizona, Meteorite*
Authors: Henderson Edward P. , Perry Stuart H. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTThe Weaver Mountains, Arizona, meteorite has been reanalyzed. The new results confirm those of the previously reported analysis of this meteorite. The specific gravity first reported, 7.108, was found to be incorrect; this was redetermined and found to be 8.07. The Weaver Mountains meteorite has similar metallographic structures to the Babb's Mill, Tennessee, and the Shingle Springs, California, meteorites. These 3 meteorites are nickel‐rich ataxites, and the ground‐mass of each consists of imperfectly transformed γ‐α structures, in which occur small bodies of kamacite.
The “Josiah” and the “Joshua Bates” and the Meteoritic‐Dust Shower of November 14, 1856
Authors: Hoffleit Dorrit 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTThru loose misquotations made some 25 years after the originally published facts in regard to the important shower of meteoritic dust that fell onto the ship Joshua Bates on November 14, 1856, the misconception has arisen that two such showers had been observed, the second in 1859. It is here shown that all of the references involved correspond to one and the same shower.