bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparison of human papillomavirus testing of clinician‐collected and self‐collected samples during follow‐up after screen‐and‐treat
Authors: Taylor Sylvia , Wang Chunhui , Wright Thomas C. , Denny Lynette , Kuhn Louise 
Published: October 2010

AbstractScreen‐and‐treat cervical cancer prevention programs based on high‐risk human papillomavirus (HPV) testing and cryotherapy have been shown to be effective in resource‐limited settings. However, because cryotherapy is not 100% effective, follow‐up is needed after treatment to detect post‐treatment failures. We compared the test performances of high‐risk HPV testing (Hybrid Capture 2) using self‐collected and clinician‐collected samples as well as cervical cytology for identifying cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grades 2 or 3 or invasive cervical cancer (CIN2+) among women who did (n = 812) and did not (n = 1858) undergo cryotherapy in a South African screen‐and‐treat trial. At 6 months after enrolment (and after cryotherapy, if performed), women were tested using all three screening methods and then underwent colposcopy/biopsy. A predefined subset of women (n = 1,455) had extended follow‐up with colposcopy/biopsy at 12 months. A total of 33 and 91 cases of CIN2+ were detected among treated and untreated women, respectively. The sensitivity of HPV testing using clinician‐collected samples and cervical cytology did not differ by treatment status. HPV testing of clinician‐collected samples detected the most cases of CIN2+ among both treated (85%) and untreated (91%) women (p = 0.31). Cytology (at a cutoff of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance or greater) detected 76% of cases among both treated and untreated women. However, the sensitivity of HPV testing using self‐collected samples was significantly lower among treated versus untreated women (55% vs. 78%, p = 0.01). HPV testing using self‐collected vaginal specimens may be useful in primary screening but performs poorly for detecting post‐treatment failures.
Bacillus Calmette‐Guerin immunotherapy of bladder cancer induces selection of human leukocyte antigen class I‐deficient tumor cells
Authors: Carretero Rafael , Cabrera Teresa , Gil Hernani , Saenz‐Lopez Pablo , Maleno Isabel , Aptsiauri Natalia , Cozar Jose M. , Garrido Federico 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBacillus Calmette‐Guerin (BCG) immunotherapy is a standard treatment for high‐risk non‐muscle‐infiltrating bladder cancer patients. Although the outcomes are good, cancer relapse is observed in around 40% of patients. We present the comparative analysis of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I expression in recurrent bladder tumors in patients treated with mitomycin or BCG. HLA class I expression was analyzed by RT‐Q‐PCR and immunohistochemical techniques. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) was determined by microsatellite amplification of markers in chromosome 6 and 15. More profound alterations in HLA class I expression were found in post‐BCG recurrent tumors than in pre‐BCG lesions, whereas mitomycin treatment did not change the HLA class I expression pattern. Post‐BCG recurrent tumors also showed a higher incidence of structural defects underlying altered HLA class I expression. We hypothesize that the immunotherapy‐activated immune system recognizes and eliminates tumor cells with reversible (“soft”) HLA class I changes but not transformed cells with additional, irreversible (“hard”) alterations. To our knowledge, this is the first clinical evidence of immunotherapy‐induced immunoselection of HLA class I loss tumor variants in bladder cancer, although the study involved a small number of patients.
Matrix metalloproteinase‐9 is associated with disease‐free survival and overall survival in patients with gastric cancer
Authors: Chu Dake , Zhang Zixi , Li Yunming , Zheng Jianyong , Dong Guanglong , Wang Weizhong , Ji Gang 
Published: October 2010

AbstractMatrix metalloproteinase‐9 is a member of the Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) family, which is overexpressed in some solid tumor and thought to enhance the tumor invasion and metastasis ability. Our study is to investigate the association of MMP‐9 expression with disease‐free survival and overall survival of patients with gastric cancer. Clinical gastric cancer specimens and adjacent normal tissues from 286 patients who had not received neoadjuvant chemotherapy were investigated by immunohistochemistry assay. Staining evaluation results were analyzed statistically in relation to various clinicopathological characters, disease‐free survival and overall survival. High level of MMP‐9 expression was detected in gastric cancer, significantly more than in adjacent normal epithelial cells. In gastric cancer, MMP‐9 was significantly positively correlated with depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis. However, no correlations between MMP‐9 expression and patients' age, sex, tumor location or differentiation status were detected. The disease‐free survival and overall survival were significantly shorter for patients with MMP‐9 positive than those with MMP‐9 negative tumors. Multivariate analysis identified MMP‐9 was an independent prognostic factor for both disease‐free survival and overall survival. Our findings provided convincing evidence for MMP‐9 as an important role in human gastric cancer recurrence and prognosis. It might also serve as a novel target for both prognostic prediction and therapeutics.
Osteopontin—An important downstream effector of S100A4‐mediated invasion and metastasis
Authors: Berge Gisle , Pettersen Solveig , Grotterød Ida , Bettum Ingrid J. , Boye Kjetil , Mælandsmo Gunhild M. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractSubstantial evidence has linked the small calcium‐binding protein S100A4 to metastatic progression. S100A4‐mediated effects include stimulation of angiogenesis, regulation of cell death and increased cell motility and invasion, but the exact molecular mechanisms by which the protein exerts these effects are incompletely elucidated. In the present study, we demonstrate that S100A4 induces NF‐κB‐dependent expression and secretion of osteopontin (OPN) in a selection of osteosarcoma cell lines. OPN is, as S100A4, known to result in a variety of cellular effects potentially leading to increased angiogenesis and metastasis, and several of the activated signaling pathways are common for the two proteins. In our study, extracellular S100A4 was found to upregulate enzymes of the plasminogen activator system and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family, especially urokinase plasminogen activator and MMP‐13. Furthermore, increased motility and invasion was observed in vitro as a result of S100A4 treatment. OPN expression was inhibited by the use of siRNA molecules, and a partial blocking of S100A4‐induced effects on protease expression and invasive capacity was detected. In conclusion, our results suggest regulation of OPN as a downstream molecular mechanism of S100A4 signaling. This novel finding adds more information to how S100A4 mediates tumor development and metastatic progression. The observation of a link between S100A4 and OPN, and also identification of common downstream effect molecules, highlights them, their receptors or downstream proteins, as targets for therapeutic approaches.
Modulatory effects of lipoic acid and selenium against cadmium‐induced biochemical alterations in testicular steroidogenesis
Authors: EL‐Maraghy Shohda A. , Nassar Noha N. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractExposure to toxic metals including cadmium has become an increasingly recognized source of illness worldwide. Cadmium (Cd2+) is one of the environmental pollutants affecting various tissues and organs including testis. The protective effect of lipoic acid and selenium on Cd2+‐induced testicular damage was investigated. Accordingly, male Wistar rats were allocated into four groups (n = 8; each). Gp I: (control), whereas the other 3 groups received CdCl2 (2 mg/kg, i.p. for 28 days) alone or in combination with either (i) lipoic acid (35 mg/kg, p.o) or (ii) selenium (0.35 mg/kg, p.o) throughout the experiment. Serum testosterone, luteinizing hormone and follicle‐stimulating hormone levels significantly decreased in the Cd2+‐exposed rats. The activities of testicular key androgenic enzymes, 3β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and 17 β‐HSD significantly decreased in Cd2 exposed rats compared to the control counterparts. In addition, the activities of testicular marker enzymes were significantly altered in cadmium‐treated animals. Significant reductions in body and testicular weight as well as antioxidant status were also observed in Cd2+‐exposed rats. Moreover, some testicular metal levels were altered. Lipoic acid and selenium significantly increased serum testosterone level and restored testicular activity of 3β‐HSD and 17 β‐HSD and were effective in modulation of most of the measured biochemical parameters. The biochemical parameters were further confirmed with histopathological findings. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated the beneficial influences of lipoic acid and selenium in reducing harmful effects of Cd2+ in rats' testes. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 25:15–25 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/jbt.20354
Efficient quantification of the importance of contacts for the dynamical stability of proteins
Authors: Hamacher Kay 
Published: October 2010

AbstractUnderstanding the stability of the native state and the dynamics of a protein is of great importance for all areas of biomolecular design. The efficient estimation of the influence of individual contacts between amino acids in a protein structure is a first step in the reengineering of a particular protein for technological or pharmacological purposes. At the same time, the functional annotation of molecular evolution can be facilitated by such insight. Here, we use a recently suggested, information theoretical measure in biomolecular design — the Kullback–Leibler‐divergence — to quantify and therefore rank residue–residue contacts within proteins according to their overall contribution to the molecular mechanics. We implement this protocol on the basis of a reduced molecular model, which allows us to use a well‐known lemma of linear algebra to speed up the computation. The increase in computational performance is around 101‐ to 104‐fold. We applied the method to two proteins to illustrate the protocol and its results. We found that our method can reliably identify key residues in the molecular mechanics and the protein fold in comparison to well‐known properties in the serine protease inhibitor. We found significant correlations to experimental results, e.g., dissociation constants and Φ values. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2011
Sonographically guided percutaneous excision of clinically benign breast masses
Authors: Wang Zhi Li , Liu Gang , Lai Li Jun , Ding Qian , Su Li , Tang Jie , Ma Lin 
Published: October 2010

AbstractPurpose.To report our experience with a vacuum‐assisted biopsy device system in percutaneous excision of clinically benign breast masses under sonographic guidance.Methods.Percutaneous removal of 79 masses in 58 patients was performed with a vacuum‐assisted biopsy device under sonographic guidance from April 2008 to September 2008. The lesions were category 3 lesions on sonogram, according to Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (n = 74), or had been confirmed as benign by a previous core needle biopsy (n = 5).Results.All procedures were technically successful. Confirmed as benign were 98.7% (78/79) lesions on pathology after resection, and 93.7% (74/79) lesions were excised completely as demonstrated by follow‐up sonographic examination. The duration of the procedure ranged from 2 to 19 minutes (mean ± SD, 9.6 ± 9.3).Conclusions.Percutaneous excision using a vacuum‐assisted biopsy device is an alternative to surgical excision of benign breast masses. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2011.
Four‐dimensional and Doppler sonography in the diagnosis and surveillance of a true cord knot
Authors: Scioscia Marco , Fornalè Mariangela , Bruni Francesco , Peretti Daniela , Trivella Giamberto 
Published: October 2010

AbstractPrenatal diagnosis of a true knot of the umbilical cord is often an incidental observation at ultrasound with a difficult differential diagnosis between true and false knots. Furthermore, little is known about the optimal management of these cases. We report the importance of color Doppler and four‐dimensional ultrasound for the differential diagnosis in the case of true cord knot and the role of Doppler flow velocimetry in the management of that case. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2011
Porous tantalum stimulates the proliferation and osteogenesis of osteoblasts from elderly female patients
Authors: Sagomonyants Karen B. , Hakim‐Zargar Mariam , Jhaveri Ankur , Aronow Michael S. , Gronowicz Gloria 
Published: October 2010

AbstractPorous tantalum (Ta) implants have been successful in various orthopedic procedures for patients with compromised bone‐forming abilities. Previous studies demonstrated that human osteoblast (HOB) cultures from older female patients produced less bone on implant materials in vitro compared to HOBs from age‐matched male and younger female patients. In this study, the responses of HOBs from younger (<45) and older (>60 years old) female patients were compared on Ta, titanium fiber mesh (TFM) and tissue culture plastic. Adhesion, proliferation, and mineralization were greater in cells from younger patients than from older patients. Cell adhesion was slightly higher on Ta than TFM or plastic. However, Ta highly stimulated cell proliferation with a 4‐ and 6‐fold increase compared to TFM for cells from younger and older patients, respectively, and 12‐ and 16‐fold increase in proliferation compared to cells on plastic (p ≤ 0.001). At 3 weeks, mineralization was significantly higher on Ta compared to TFM for HOBs from older patients (p ≤ 0.05). Expression levels of bone matrix markers demonstrated differences dependent on age and substrate. Scanning electron micrographs revealed HOBs covering the surfaces and entering the pores of both Ta and TFM. In conclusion, tantalum greatly stimulates cell proliferation, and improves the ability of HOBs from older patients to form bone. © 2010 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29:609–616, 2011
The medial–lateral force distribution in the ovine stifle joint during walking
Authors: Taylor William R. , Poepplau Berry M. , König Christian , Ehrig Rainald M. , Zachow Stefan , Duda Georg N. , Heller Markus O. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractKnowledge of the load distribution in the knee is essential for understanding the interaction between mechanics and biology in both the healthy and diseased joint. While the sheep stifle joint is a predominant model for better understanding regeneration after injury, little is known about the compartmental force distribution between the medial and lateral condyles. By including sheep specific anatomy and gait analyses, we used computational musculoskeletal analyses to estimate the medial–lateral joint contact force distribution in ovine stifle joints during walking by simplifying the system of equations into a 2D problem that was solved directly. Gait analysis was conducted using bone markers in three female Merino‐mix sheep. Joint contact forces were computed with respect to the specific anatomy of the ovine tibia, resulting in low (<0.13 bodyweight) mean anteroposterior shear forces throughout the gait cycle, with mean peak contact forces perpendicular to the tibial plateau of 2.2 times bodyweight. The medial–lateral compartmental load distribution across the tibial condyles was determined and revealed loading predominantly on the medial condyle, bearing approximately 75% of the total load during phases of peak loading. By considering the anatomical characteristics of the ovine stifle joint, together with the dynamic forces during gait, this study provides evidence for predominantly medial loading in sheep, somewhat similar to the distribution reported in man. However, the exact conditions under which the loading in the ovine stifle joint is representative of the human situation will need to be elucidated in further studies. © 2010 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29:567–571, 2011
Hyaluronan Up‐Regulates IL‐10 Expression in Fibroblast‐Like Synoviocytes from Patients with Tibia Plateau Fracture
Authors: Huang Teng‐Le , Hsu Horng‐Chaung , Yang Kai‐Chiang , Lin Feng‐Huei 
Published: October 2010

AbstractProgression to osteoarthritis (OA) is a frequent sequela of severe articular fracture, particularly when weight‐bearing joints are involved. Prevention from post‐traumatic OA remains a challenge. Hyaluronan (HA) therapy is reported to represent a safe and effective treatment for patients with OA and rheumatoid arthritis. However, the capacity of HA to prevent the occurrence of osteoarthritic changes in fractured joints has not been demonstrated. The present study was undertaken to examine the effects of HA on expression of six OA‐related proteins in fibroblast‐like synoviocytes (FLS) from 10 patients with tibia plateau fracture. OA‐related factors were quantified using a sandwich enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Regardless of induction of the FLS with interleukin (IL)‐1β, HA was found to down‐regulate expression of catabolic factors (IL‐1β, matrix metalloproteinase‐3, and tumor necrosis factor‐α) and to up‐regulate production of anti‐catabolic factors (tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase‐1 and metalloproteinase‐2). HA also enhanced expression of IL‐10, an anti‐inflammatory cytokine, in FLS. Our results indicated that HA can promote the expression of both antiinflammatory and structure‐protective factors in FLS of patients with tibia plateau fracture. © 2010 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29:495–500, 2011
The histone deacetylase inhibitor vorinostat selectively sensitizes fibrosarcoma cells to chemotherapy
Authors: Sampson Erik R. , Amin Vinit , Schwarz Edward M. , O'Keefe Regis J. , Rosier Randy N. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractSoft tissue sarcoma (STS) is a rare malignancy that is generally resistant to chemotherapy. We investigated the ability of the histone deacetylase inhibitor vorinostat to sensitize STS cells versus normal fibroblasts to chemotherapy. Fibrosarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, and liposarcoma cells and normal fibroblasts were treated with vorinostat to determine effects on proliferation and basal apoptosis as measured by total cell number and cleaved caspase 3 staining. Effects on histone deacetylases (HDAC) activity were confirmed by Western blotting for acetylated histone H3. A clinically relevant dose of vorinostat that had no effect on basal apoptosis was selected to examine altered sensitivity to doxorubicin. The effects of vorinostat, doxorubicin, or the combination on fibrosarcoma growth in vivo were determined in a xenograft model. Tumor volume was measured biweekly and HDAC activity and cell death were assessed by immunohistochemical analysis of acetylated histone H3, cleaved caspase 3, and TUNEL staining. Vorinostat inhibited proliferation and induced histone acetylation without affecting basal apoptosis levels. Combined treatment with vorinostat and doxorubicin synergistically induced apoptosis in vitro in fibrosarcoma but not leiomyosarcoma, liposarcoma, or normal fibroblasts. In nude mice, the combination of vorinostat and doxorubicin inhibited fibrosarcoma xenograft growth further than either agent alone. Cell death, as measured by cleaved caspase 3 and TUNEL staining, was greatest in xenografts from mice treated with vorinostat and doxorubicin. Vorinostat inhibits growth and induces chemosensitivity in fibrosarcoma cells in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that the combination of vorinostat and chemotherapy may represent a novel treatment option for this STS subtype. © 2010 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29:623–632, 2011
Activation of cyclic amp/protein kinase: A signaling pathway enhances osteoblast cell adhesion on biomaterials for regenerative engineering
Authors: Lo Kevin W.‐H. , Ashe Keshia M. , Kan Ho Man , Lee Duron A. , Laurencin Cato T. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractOsteoblast cell adhesion on biomaterials is an important goal for implants to be useful in bone regeneration technologies. The adhesion of osteoblastic cells to biomaterials has been investigated in the field of bone regenerative engineering. Previous work from our group demonstrated that osteoblastic cells adhering to biodegradable biomaterials require the expression of integrins on the cell surface. However, the underlying molecular signaling mechanism is still not fully clear. We report here that cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), a small signaling molecule, regulates osteoblast cell adhesion to biomaterial surfaces. We used an in vitro cell adhesion assay to demonstrate that at 0.1 mM, 8‐Br‐cAMP, a cell‐permeable cAMP analog, significantly enhances osteoblast‐like cells' (MC3T3‐E1) adherence to biomaterials. Moreover, we demonstrate that a commonly used cAMP‐elevating agent, forskolin, promotes cell adhesion similar to that of the cell permeable cAMP analog. By using different target‐specific cAMP analogs: 8‐CPT‐2Me‐cAMP which specifically activates exchange protein activated by cAMP (Epac), and 6‐Bnz‐cAMP which specifically activates protein kinase A (PKA), we observed that the PKA signaling pathway plays a dominant role in this process. Thus, this report suggests a new method to enhance osteoblast cell adhesion on biodegradable biomaterials for bone regenerative engineering applications. © 2010 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29:602–608, 2011
Synthesis, Characterization, and Selectivity of Bifunctional Couplers
Authors: He Yingchun , Goel Vishal , Keul Helmut , Möller Martin 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBifunctional couplers based on carbonate chemistry – Series A, B, and C – that are able to combine molecules bearing amine groups via substitution and addition reaction (Series A) or only via addition (Series B and C) were synthesized and characterized. The reactivity and selectivity of the two functional groups of couplers toward primary amines in different conditions were studied. The reactivity of couplers of Series B towards secondary and tertiary amines was investigated. The effect of adjacent groups (α/δ‐position to O/N sides of urethane groups orα‐position to ether groups) on the reactivity of the five‐membered cyclic carbonates was studied using model compounds4,5,13, and16.magnified image
Surface Patterning of Poly(ε‐caprolactone): Epitaxial Crystallization and Enzymatic Degradation
Authors: Kikkawa Yoshihiro , Takahashi Mayuko , Aoyagi Masaru , Suga Hiroshi , Kanesato Masatoshi , Abe Hideki 
Published: October 2010

AbstractSurface patterning was carried out by the epitaxial crystallization of biodegradable PCL on a HOPG, and the surface morphologies were observed by atomic force microscopy. Edge‐on view lamellae were aligned along the HOPG lattice to display stripe patterns in the threefold symmetry. The intervals of stripe patterns composed of ridges and valleys increased with an increase in the crystallization temperature. Enzymatic degradation of the PCL nanopattern allowed the different depth profiles of the fringed structure. The persistence length of the nanopattern could be tuned by the molecular weight of PCL. magnified image