bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Apoptosis of oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system results in rapid focal demyelination
Authors: Caprariello Andrew V. , Mangla Saisho , Miller Robert H. , Selkirk Stephen M. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractObjective:Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system that presents with variable pathologies that may reflect different disease‐causing mechanisms. Existing animal models of MS induce pathology using either local injection of gliotoxins or stimulation of the immune system with myelin‐related peptides. In none of these models is the primary cellular target well characterized, and although demyelination is a hallmark pathological feature in MS, it is unclear to what extent this reflects local oligodendrocyte loss. To unambiguously identify the effects of oligodendrocyte death in the absence of inflammatory stimulation, we developed a method for experimentally inducing programmed cell death selectively in mature oligodendrocytes and assessed the effects on demyelination, immunological stimulation, and gliosis. The resulting pathology is discussed relative to observed MS pathologies.Methods:Oligodendrocyte apoptosis was induced in the adult rat brain using a lentivirus to express experimentally inducible caspase 9 (iCP9) cDNA under transcriptional control of the promoter for myelin basic protein, which is oligodendrocyte‐specific. Activation of iCP9 was achieved by distal injection of a small molecule dimerizer into the lateral ventricle resulting in localized, acute oligodendrocyte apoptosis.Results:Induced oligodendrocyte apoptosis resulted in rapid demyelination and robust, localized microglial activation in the absence of peripheral immune cell infiltration. Lesion borders showed layers of preserved and degraded myelin, whereas lesion cores were demyelinated but only partially cleared of myelin debris. This resulted in local proliferation and mobilization of the oligodendrocyte progenitor pool.Interpretation:This approach provides a novel model to understand the pathological changes that follow from localized apoptosis of myelinating oligodendrocytes. It provides the first direct proof that initiation of apoptosis in oligodendrocytes is sufficient to cause rapid demyelination, gliosis, and a microglial response that result in lesions sharing some pathological characteristics with a subset of MS lesions. ANN NEUROL 2012;72:395–405
Percutaneous retrieval of fractured bird's nest IVC filter penetrating into aorta
Authors: Touchan Jean , Levy Michael S. , Laham Roger J. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractInferior vena cava filters can provide lifesaving protections in patients with recurrent venous thromboembolic disease that are not candidates for anticoagulation. They are, however, associated with short‐ and long‐term complications necessitating frequent follow‐up. The authors report, in this article, a case of migration of Bird's Nest filter strut into the descending aorta and its percutaneous retrieval by snaring and capture. This case also underscores the trend to use retrievable filters to avoid longer‐term complications. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Clinical practice guidelines for breast cancer rehabilitation
Authors: Harris Susan R. , Schmitz Kathryn H. , Campbell Kristin L. , McNeely Margaret L. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND:Despite strides in early detection and management of breast cancer, the primary treatments for this disease continue to result in physical impairments for some of the nearly 3 million people diagnosed annually. Over the past decade, evidence‐based clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) have been developed with goals of preventing and ameliorating these impairments. However, translation of these guidelines into clinical practice needs to be accelerated.METHODS:Relevant health science databases (2001‐2011) were searched to identify CPGs on breast cancer rehabilitation for the following impairments: upper extremity restrictions, lymphedema, pain, fatigue, chemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuropathy, treatment‐related cardiotoxicity, bone health, and weight management.RESULTS:Recommendations from 19 relevant CPGs were first summarized by impairment within tables; commonalities across guidelines, within each impairment, were then synthesized within the article. The CPGs were rated using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II (AGREE II); wide variability was noted in rigor of development, clarity of presentation, and stakeholder involvement. The most rigorous and comprehensive of those rated was the adult cancer pain guideline from the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network.CONCLUSIONS:Based on a large body of evidence published in recent years, including randomized trials and systematic reviews, there is an urgent need for updating the guidelines on upper extremity musculoskeletal impairments and lymphedema. Furthermore, additional research is needed to provide an evidence base for developing rehabilitation guidelines on management of other impairments identified in the prospective surveillance model, eg, arthralgia. Cancer 2012;118(8 suppl):. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
A prospective model of care for breast cancer rehabilitation: Function
Authors: Campbell Kristin L. , Pusic Andrea L. , Zucker David S. , McNeely Margaret L. , Binkley Jill M. , Cheville Andrea L. , Harwood Kenneth J. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractA significant proportion of adult breast cancer survivors experience deficits in function and restriction in participation in life roles that may remain many years after diagnosis. Function is a complex construct that takes into account the interactions between an individual, their health condition, and the social and personal context in which they live. Research to date on limitations in activities of daily living, upper extremity function, and functional capacity in breast cancer survivors illustrates the need for prospective measurement of function using measures that are sensitive to the unique issues of breast cancer survivors and the need for the development of effective rehabilitation interventions to improve function. Limitations in function have a significant impact on quality of life, but less is known about the implications on return to work and survival, as well as the impact of other comorbidities and aging on the function limitations in breast cancer survivors. This review provides a rationale for the integration of measures of function into breast cancer care to more fully appreciate the functional limitations associated with breast cancer diagnosis and treatment and to aid in the development of better rehabilitation care for breast cancer survivors. Cancer 2012;. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
A prospective model of care for breast cancer rehabilitation: Bone health and arthralgias
Authors: Winters‐Stone Kerri M. , Schwartz Anna L. , Hayes Sandra C. , Fabian Carol J. , Campbell Kristin L. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractMusculoskeletal health can be compromised by breast cancer treatment. In particular, bone loss and arthralgias are prevalent side effects experienced by women treated with chemotherapy and/or adjuvant endocrine therapy. Bone loss leads to osteoporosis and related fractures, while arthralgias threaten quality of life and compliance to treatment. Because the processes that lead to these musculoskeletal problems are initiated when treatment begins, early identification of women who may be at higher risk of developing problems, routine monitoring of bone density and pain at certain stages of treatment, and prudent application of therapeutic interventions are key to preventing and/or minimizing musculoskeletal sequelae. Exercise may be a particularly suitable intervention strategy because of its potential to address a number of impairments; it may slow bone loss, appears to reduce joint pain in noncancer conditions, and improves other breast cancer outcomes. Research efforts continue in the areas of etiology, measurement, and treatment of bone loss and arthralgias. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the current knowledge on the management and treatment of bone loss and arthralgias in breast cancer survivors and to present a framework for rehabilitation care to preserve musculoskeletal health in women treated for breast cancer. Cancer 2012;. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
Weight management and its role in breast cancer rehabilitation
Authors: Demark‐Wahnefried Wendy , Campbell Kristin L. , Hayes Sandra C. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractOverweight and obesity are risk factors for postmenopausal breast cancer, and many women diagnosed with breast cancer, irrespective of menopausal status, gain weight after diagnosis. Weight management plays an important role in rehabilitation and recovery because obesity and/or weight gain may lead to poorer breast cancer prognosis, as well as prevalent comorbid conditions (eg, cardiovascular disease and diabetes), poorer surgical outcomes (eg, increased operating and recovery times, higher infection rates, and poorer healing), lymphedema, fatigue, functional decline, and poorer health and overall quality of life. Health care professionals should encourage weight management at all phases of the cancer care continuum as a means to potentially avoid adverse sequelae and late effects, as well as to improve overall health and possibly survival. Comprehensive approaches that involve dietary and behavior modification, and increased aerobic and strength training exercise have shown promise in either preventing weight gain or promoting weight loss, reducing biomarkers associated with inflammation and comorbidity, and improving lifestyle behaviors, functional status, and quality of life in this high‐risk patient population. Cancer 2012;. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
Upper‐body morbidity after breast cancer
Authors: Hayes Sandra C. , Johansson Karin , Stout Nicole L. , Prosnitz Robert , Armer Jane M. , Gabram Sheryl , Schmitz Kathryn H. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to review the incidence of upper‐body morbidity (arm and breast symptoms, impairments, and lymphedema), methods for diagnosis, and prevention and treatment strategies. It was also the purpose to highlight the evidence base for integration of prospective surveillance for upper‐body morbidity within standard clinical care of women with breast cancer. Between 10% and 64% of women report upper‐body symptoms between 6 months and 3 years after breast cancer, and approximately 20% develop lymphedema. Symptoms remain common into longer‐term survivorship, and although lymphedema may be transient for some, those who present with mild lymphedema are at increased risk of developing moderate to severe lymphedema. The etiology of morbidity seems to be multifactorial, with the most consistent risk factors being those associated with extent of treatment. However, known risk factors cannot reliably distinguish between those who will and will not develop upper‐body morbidity. Upper‐body morbidity may be treatable with physical therapy. There is also evidence in support of integrating regular surveillance for upper‐body morbidity into the routine care provided to women with breast cancer, with early diagnosis potentially contributing to more effective management and prevention of progression of these conditions. Cancer 2012;118(8 suppl). © 2012 American Cancer Society.
Patient perspectives on breast cancer treatment side effects and the prospective surveillance model for physical rehabilitation for women with breast cancer
Authors: Binkley Jill M. , Harris Susan R. , Levangie Pamela K. , Pearl Marcia , Guglielmino Janine , Kraus Valerie , Rowden Diana 
Published: April 2012

AbstractWomen's experience of breast cancer is complex, affecting all aspects of life during and after treatment. Patients' perspectives about common impairments and functional limitations secondary to breast cancer treatment, including upper extremity motion restriction, lymphedema, fatigue, weight gain, pain, and chemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuropathy, are addressed. Women often report being uninformed regarding these side effects and surprised that they do not always disappear after treatment, but remain part of their lives. Breast cancer patients express strong, unmet needs for education, information, and intervention for these side effects. Evidence suggests that rehabilitation and exercise are effective in preventing and managing many physical side effects of breast cancer treatment. Nevertheless, few women are referred to rehabilitation during or after treatment, and fewer receive baseline assessments of impairment and function to facilitate early detection of impairment and functional limitations. The prospective surveillance model of rehabilitation will serve the needs of women with breast cancer by providing education and information about treatment side effects, reducing the incidence and burden of side effects through early identification and treatment, and enhancing access to timely rehabilitation. Integration of exercise as a component of the model benefits patients at every phase of survivorship, by addressing individual concerns about exercise during and after treatment and highlighting the important contribution of exercise to overall health and survival. The prospective surveillance model of rehabilitation can meet the evident and often expressed needs of survivors for information, guidance, and intervention—thus addressing, and potentially improving, overall quality of life for individuals diagnosed with and treated for breast cancer. Cancer 2012;. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
ODR: The next green giant
Authors: Ebner Noam , Getz Colleen 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe worlds of government and business, as well as individual preferences, are moving towards incorporating environmentally friendly practices. Dispute resolution, as with every other human endeavor, has environmental impact. Some practice modes leave a large environmental footprint while others incur less environmental cost. Online dispute resolution (ODR) enjoys clear environmental advantages over any other form of dispute resolution, yet this has not been discussed in the literature or spotlighted in the commercial practices of the field. This article describes the various environmental advantages ODR offers and suggests a framework for taking these into account in dispute resolution ventures and projects.
Storytelling and its transformative impact in the Philippines
Authors: Fuertes Al 
Published: April 2012

AbstractStorytelling is an effective tool in transforming the negative energy of trauma into something constructive, especially in settings where oral tradition remains strong. The entire process of storytelling, as this article suggests, can bring the whole community to a consciousness of history with a strong appreciation of their individual and societal resilience. The experience of telling stories enables a community to plan and implement the course of action that people want to undertake, and further affirms their being active participants in social healing and community building.
Revision of sediment quality triad indicators in Puget Sound (Washington, USA): I. a Sediment Chemistry Index and targets for mixtures of toxicants
Authors: Long Edward R , Dutch Margaret , Partridge Valerie , Weakland Sandra , Welch Kathy 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
The Washington State Department of Ecology annually conducts sediment quality monitoring in Puget Sound as a component of the Puget Sound Ecosystem Monitoring Program. Sediment samples are analyzed to determine the concentrations of about 170 chemical and physical variables. A Sediment Chemistry Index (SCI) was derived using the State of Washington Sediment Management Standards to account for the presence and concentrations of mixtures of toxicants. Mean Sediment Quality Standard quotients (mSQSq) were calculated as the basis for the SCI and compared to the incidence and degree of toxicity in laboratory tests and to metrics of the diversity and abundance of resident benthic assemblages in a database consisting of as many as 664 samples. These data were evaluated with co-occurrence analyses to identify “cut points” (i.e., thresholds) in the index below which the frequency and magnitude of biological effects were relatively low and above which they occurred with increasing frequency or magnitude. Iterative trials of different sets of cut points established the final cut points in mSQSq of 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5. They defined 4 ranges in chemical exposure: Minimum (&lt;0.1), Low (0.1– &lt; 0.3), Moderate (0.3– &lt; 0.5), and Maximum (≥0.5). Across these 4 exposure ranges both the incidence and magnitude of toxicity in some laboratory tests increased, the abundance of most stress-sensitive benthic taxa decreased, and the abundance of most stress-tolerant taxa increased. The mSQSq cut point of 0.1 appears to be the target value for protection of benthic resources, the value below which the probability and magnitude of adverse effects either in the laboratory or the field are the lowest. The mSQSq values are rescaled from 0 to 100 to form the SCI, used by the Puget Sound Partnership and environmental managers as a Dashboard Indicator, with biologically relevant targets selected to monitor ecosystem recovery. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2013; 9: 31–49. © 2012 SETAC
Clinical challenge of hyponatremia in heart failure
Authors: Hauptman Paul J. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractHyponatremia is a significant and independent predictor of outcomes including rehospitalization and mortality in patients with both acute decompensated heart failure (HF) and chronic HF. Even modest degrees of hyponatremia are associated with a poorer prognosis. Treatment options include fluid restriction and the vaptan class (“aquaretics”) in select patients. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2012; 7:S6–S10. © 2012 Society of Hospital Medicine
Hyponatremia in pneumonia
Authors: Edmonds Zachary V. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractHyponatremia is relatively common in patients admitted with pneumonia, and it is associated with higher disease severity. The precise mechanism is incompletely understood, but the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion is felt to play a significant role. Traditional options to manage hyponatremia in such patients are fraught with challenges. The recently approved vasopressin receptor antagonists offer a new option for the management of this challenging condition. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2012; 7:S11–S13. © 2012 Society of Hospital Medicine
Chemical shift‐induced phase errors in phase‐contrast MRI
Authors: Middione Matthew J. , Ennis Daniel B. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractPhase‐contrast magnetic resonance imaging is subject to numerous sources of error, which decrease clinical confidence in the reported measures. This work outlines how stationary perivascular fat can impart a significant chemical shift induced phase‐contrast magnetic resonance imaging measurement error using computational simulations, in vitro, and in vivo experiments. This chemical shift error does not subtract in phase difference processing, but can be minimized with proper parameter selection. The chemical shift induced phase errors largely depend on both the receiver bandwidth and the TE. Both theory and an in vivo comparison of the maximum difference in net forward flow between vessels with and without perivascular fat indicated that the effects of chemically shifted perivascular fat are minimized by the use of high bandwidth (814 Hz/px) and an in‐phase TE (high BW‐TEIN). In healthy volunteers (N = 10) high BW‐TEIN significantly improves intrapatient net forward flow agreement compared with low bandwidth (401 Hz/px) and a mid‐phase TE as indicated by significantly decreased measurement biases and limits of agreement for the ascending aorta (1.8 ± 0.5 mL vs. 6.4 ± 2.8 mL, P = 0.01), main pulmonary artery (2.0 ± 0.9 mL vs. 11.9 ± 5.8 mL, P = 0.04), the left pulmonary artery (1.3 ± 0.9 mL vs. 5.4 ± 2.5 mL, P = 0.003), and all vessels (1.7 ± 0.8 mL vs. 7.2 ± 4.4 mL, P = 0.001). Magn Reson Med, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Urodynamic quantification of decrease in sphincter function after radical prostatectomy: Relation to postoperative continence status and the effect of intensive pelvic floor muscle exercises
Authors: Dubbelman Yvette D. , Groen Jan , Wildhagen Mark F. , Rikken Berend , Bosch J.L.H. Ruud 
Published: April 2012

AbstractAimsWe analyzed the impact of radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP) on the urethral sphincter function as assessed by urethral pressure profilometry (UPP) and its relation to post‐radical prostatectomy continence status. Furthermore, we analyzed the effect of intensive pelvic floor muscle exercises (PFME) on the urethral sphincter function.MethodsSixty‐six patients were included in the study. UPP was performed before RRP and 26 weeks after catheter removal. All patients were instructed in PFME, however, the intensity of PFME varied between instructions based on an information folder only (F‐PFME) and intensive guidance by a physiotherapist, in addition to the folder (PG‐PFME).ResultsIn 66 patients, pre‐ as well as postoperative UPP was evaluable. After surgery, the functional profile length and the maximum urethral closure pressure (MUCP) showed a median decrease of 64% and 41%, respectively. For men who had regained continence after 6 months the median MUCP was significantly higher both before and after operation as compared to men who were still incontinent. In multivariate analysis, non‐nerve sparing approach was a prognostic factors for a higher relative decrease of the MUCP after RRP. Comparing the PG‐PFME group with the F‐PFME group there were no significant differences in changes in UPP parameters.ConclusionsA poor preoperative MUCP seems to be an important prognostic factor for persistent incontinence after RRP. Non‐nerve sparing approach seems to be an important prognostic factor for impairment of the urethral sphincter function as measured by UPP. More intensive physiotherapy seems to have no additional effect on the postoperative urethral sphincter function as measured by UPP. Neurourol. Urodynam. 31:646–651, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Bladder dysfunction in advanced Parkinson's disease
Authors: Winge Kristian , Nielsen Kurt K. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBackgroundParkinson's disease (PD) patients often have lower urinary tract symptoms. Seventy‐four percent of patients with early‐to‐moderate disease report more than one bladder disturbance symptom. Severe bladder symptoms are reported in 27–39% of PD patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the severity of bladder dysfunction in patients with advanced PD.MethodsPatients were enrolled from a cohort with advanced PD. We compared patients receiving oral medications only, with patients treated using either deep‐brain stimulation (DBS) in the subthalamic nucleus, or with an apomorphine pump. One hundred seven patients were evaluated using two sets of validated questionnaires [Danish Prostate Symptom Score (DanPSS) and the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS)] about bladder symptoms. Postmicturitional residual urine was recorded.ResultsThere were no statistically significant differences between the treatment groups on the total DanPSS or IPSS scores. Bladder symptom severity correlated to the stage of disease (conventional treatment: r = 0.364, P = 0.004, apomorphine: r = 0.73, P = 0.02), except for patients treated with DBS, whereby symptom severity correlated to DBS duration (r = 0.34, P = 0.038). Patients treated with DBS had significant less nocturia compared to the other groups (P = 0.007).ConclusionLower urinary tract symptoms are highly prevalent in patients with advanced PD. More than 50% of patients have severe bladder symptoms, most frequently symptoms of overactive bladder. Patients treated with DBS in the STN had the same amount of LUTS symptoms as patients treated with either conventional oral medication therapy or an apomorphine pump, but exhibited significantly less nocturia. Neurourol. Urodynam. 31:1279–1283, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.