bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endocardial Autonomic Denervation of the Left Atrium to Treat Vasovagal Syncope
Authors: Yao Yan , Shi Rui , Wong Tom , Zheng Lihui , Chen Wensheng , Yang Long , Huang Wen , Bao Jingru , Zhang Shu 
Published: January 2012

Background—
Vasovagal syncope (VVS) is the most common cause of recurrent syncope that can be debilitating despite optimal conventional therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of selective endocardial autonomic denervation in left atrium (LA) as an alternative treatment strategy in patients with highly symptomatic VVS.

Methods and Results—
Ten consecutive patients (mean age, 50.4±6.4 years; 7 women) with a medium of 3.5 (range, 2–20) recurrent episodes of VVS during the preceding year and positive head-up tilt testing in whom standard therapies were ineffective or poorly tolerated were enrolled. Ganglionated plexi (GP) in the LA, identified by high-frequency stimulation, was targeted by radiofrequency catheter ablation. The patients were then followed up at 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months, including repeated head-up tilt testing and Holter at 3 and 12 months. Radiofrequency energy was applied at the left superior GP in 10 patients, right anterior GP in 5, and left inferior GP in 3, using an 8-mm ablation catheter. Vagal response, defined as transient ventricular asystole, atrioventricular block, or an increase in R-R interval by 50%, was observed during ablation in all GP sites. The end point of procedure was the inhibition of the vagal response at target sites. At 30±16 (range, 13–55) months of follow-up, no patient had any recurrence of syncope and all patients had significant improvement in symptoms, but 5 of 10 patients reported transient prodromes. No complications occurred.

Conclusions—
Comprehensive endocardial autonomic denervation of the LA demonstrates the feasibility of treating VVS in medium-term follow-up.
Sociolinguistic Remarks on the Indo-Iranian *-ka-Suffix: A Marker of Colloquial Register
Authors: Jamison Stephanie W. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe widespread Indo-Iranian *-ka suffix (also widely distributed elsewhere in Indo-European) is generally characterized as a diminutive or deprecatory marker, shading into pleonastic meaninglessness. However, it is easier to account for its extremely varied distribution and diverse functions by interpreting it as a sociolinguistic marker of colloquial or informal speech. The explosive growth of the suffix in the "middle" period languages of both Iranian and Indo-Aryan results in part from the greater representation of vernacular speech in those languages, but also from the convenience of the suffix as a means of staving off word-final phonological erosion. The suffix is also associated with speech by and about women from the ancient period (Vedic Sanskrit and Avestan) onwards. is association results from the fact that women are typed as colloquial speakers throughout these texts, lacking access to high-register grammatical forms and styles, and therefore paying attention to women's speech in ancient texts may give us a window on the colloquial register that is otherwise unavailable to us in these elite products.
Aśvaghosa's Saundarananda IV–VI: A Study in the Poetic Structure of Buddhist Kāvya
Authors: Salomon  
Published: January 2012

AbstractA careful reading of the Buddhist epic Saundarananda shows that the poet Aśvaghosa strategically repeated and manipulated key words, phrases, and images from the love scene in sarga IV in the scene of Sundarī's despair in sarga VI. The earlier images of love and pleasure are transformed into symbols of despair and misery, illustrating the fundamental Buddhist principles of suffering and impermanence.
Moving Targets? Texts, language, archaeology and history in the Late Vedic and early Buddhist periods
Authors: Witzel Michael 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe Late Vedic and earliest Buddhist texts are investigated to indicate their relative historical layering. Besides the texts themselves, their language, place names, archaeological and inherent historical background are brought to bear. These data and those on some historical contemporaries of the Buddha do not indicate a correlation with late Vedic personalities and texts. A certain period of time separates both corpora.
Two Dated Sātavāhana Epigraphs
Authors: Falk Harry 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe length of reign of the individual Sātavāhana kings is often defined on the basis of the records of the Purānas. Contradictory as these records are, more reliable evidence is provided by dated documents of their time, which are, unfortunately, rare. A sealing re-interpreted here, shows that Sātakanni, starting the dynasty, lived for at least 30 years, in line with the Purānas who allot him 56 years. A dedicatory plaque from Kanganhalli is dated to the 35th year of Śrī-Pulumāvi, a date supported by a single line in the Matsyapurāna, which, however, has mixed several accounts into one, so that up to now a much shorter life-span for Vāsisthīputra Pulimāvi was expected. In addition, this epigraph presents evidence for a place otherwise only known through Ptolemy's list of Indian cities, and for the habit of buying in favour of the sangha by spreading out coins, as known from the much older story of Anāthapindada.
The dialogue of Yama and Yamī (RV. 10, 10)
Authors: Bodewitz  
Published: January 2012

AbstractIn this paper after a short discussion of the Rigvedic dialogue hymns and their general interpretations focusing on the ākhyāna theory and "Legendenzauber" one special hymn (10, 10) dealing with the famous dialogue between the twins Yama and Yamī has been translated with an elaborate commentary. Here especially its treatment in a recent book of Susanne Knaus on the Rigvedic dialogue hymns forms the starting-point. One of the problems of this hymn is the interpretation of the erotic aspects of this dialogue and the situation of the beginning of the human race, which mostly is associated with unavoidable incest.
Once Again on the Identity of Candésvara in Early Śaivism: A rare Candeśvara in the British Museum?
Authors: Bisschop Peter 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe figure of Candeśa (Candeśvara) in early Śaivism has been the subject of two recent studies by Diwakar Acharya and Dominic Goodall. The present article proposes to identify a sculpture in the British Museum, hitherto identified as Lakulīśa, as representing Candeśvara. Attention is drawn to the iconographical similarities to a Śaiva deity depicted on the Cālukya shrines of Mahākūta and Pattadakal. A passage from the lay Śivadharma proves crucial in understanding the identity of Candésvara in early Śaivism, which leads to a renewed consideration of the deity invoked in the final line of the Mathurā Pillar Inscription of Candragupta. Finally the Śivadharma's descriptions of two other Ganas, Bhrngiriti and Vināyaka (Ganésa), are briefly analyzed in the light of the significant fact that both Ganas are referred to as 'son of Rudra'.
Kids and Colts in Pahlavi
Authors: Khoroche Peter 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe occurrence in a fragmentary text in Manichaean Middle Persian of the word twštr 'goat' provides the meaning for the corresponding word in Zoroastrian Middle Persian, which, because of its rarity, has hitherto not been recognized. This in turn suggests a slight emendation, giving better sense, to a page in the Dēnkard.
On the Making of the Tibetan Translation of Laksmī's Sahajasiddhipaddhati: 'Bro Lotsā ba Shes rab Grags and his Translation Endeavors. (Materials for the Study of the Female Tantric Master Laksmī of Uddiyāna, part I)
Authors: Kragh Ulrich Timme 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe medieval Tantric literature entails many uncertainties about authorship and dating. The line between authentic and pseudepigraphical in this genre has traditionally been very fluid, and every Tantric text needs to be treated with due caution. In the case of the Sahajasiddhipaddhati, the Tibetan tradition maintains its author to be the 9th–10th century female master Laksmī from Uddiyāna. Given this work's significance, its possible female authorship and its inclusion of hitherto unresearched hagiographies of twelve Uddiyāna Tantric teachers including four women, it is most crucial to examine its provenance. If its authenticity can be established, the text would become one of the earliest hagiographical collections of the Indian Tantric tradition, predating by two to three centuries Abhayadattaśrī's standard anthology, Caturaśītisiddhapravrtti, which differs considerably from Laksmī's work. The Sahajasiddhipaddhati is only extant in a Tibetan translation by the Kashmirian scholar Somanātha and the Tibetan translator 'Bro Lotsā ba Shes rab Grags. Since the translated work is undated, the investigation of its provenance must begin with ascertaining the date of its Tibetan witness. Through a wide-ranging reading of medieval Tibetan historical sources and colophons of 11th-century Tantric works, it will be concluded that the translation was produced in Nepal somewhere between the years 1070 and 1090. The discovery sets a terminus ante quem for the Sanskrit original, placing its composition at least a century earlier than Abhayadattaśr¯ı's compilation.
Introduction: Modern Western Magic
Authors: Bogdan Henrik 
Published: January 2012

AbstractMan kann verteidigen, dass das Konzept der Magie als Antithese zur westlichen Kultur auf vier polemischen Diskursen basiert. Zunächst gibt es die Annahme, dass Magie eine Form von 'primitivem' abergläubischem (oder nicht-rationalem) Denken ist. Zweitens gibt es die Ansicht, dass Magie etwas aus anderen Teilen der Welt und daher ein fremdes Element in der westlichen Kultur ist. Drittens gibt es den Diskurs über Magie als etwas, das im Gegensatz zum christlichen Glauben steht. Der vierte und letzte Diskurs ist die bezüglich der inhärent böse Natur der Magie. Die Dialektik zwischen polemischen und apologetischen Diskursen über Magie und die bedeutende Rolle der wissenschaftlichen Literatur in dieser dialektischen Beziehung sind wichtig, um Konstruktionen der modernen westlichen Magie zu verstehen.
Scanlon on Permissibility and Double Effect
Authors: Elster Jakob 
Published: January 2012

In his book Moral Dimensions. Permissibility, Meaning, Blame, T.M. Scanlon proposes a new account of permissibility, and argues, against the doctrine of double effect (DDE), that intentions do not matter for permissibility. I argue that Scanlon's account of permissibility as based on what the agent should have known at the time of action does not sufficiently take into account Scanlon's own emphasis on permissibility as a question for the deliberating agent. A proper account of permissibility, based on the agent's actual beliefs, will allow us to revise the principle Scanlon proposes for regulating the use of violence in war, and to show that, while the DDE as such might be invalid, its focus on intentions does point toward an important element which Scanlon's proposal lacks, viz. the requirement that the agent believes that her actions will have certain consequences and can be justified for that reason.
Zum Datum der persischen Eroberung Ägyptens unter Kambyses
Authors: Quack Joachim F. 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
There is a long-standing consensus of historians that Cambyses conquered Egypt in 525 BCE. This seemed very convenient as long as the reign of Amasis was supposed to have begun in 569 and to have lasted for 44 years. However, a lunar date shows that his accession has to be dated one year earlier. Up to now, the normal process was to ascribe to him an (unattested) 45th year in order to keep the following dates in their places. A study of the Egyptian sources shows that there is strong evidence against such a 45th year and that, given the maximum length of the reign of Psammetichus III, the Persian conquest has to be set in 526 BCE. Relevant texts and the question of dating praxis in Egypt under Cambyses are discussed. Also, a new translation of the decree of Dareios concerning the codification of the laws of Egypt is given, including several new readings.
Subtropical Dipole Modes Simulated in a Coupled General Circulation Model
Authors: Morioka Yushi , Tozuka Tomoki , Masson Sebastien , Terray Pascal , Luo Jing-Jia , Yamagata Toshio 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
The growth and decay mechanisms of subtropical dipole modes in the southern Indian and South Atlantic Oceans and their impacts on southern African rainfall are investigated using results from a coupled general circulation model originally developed for predicting tropical climate variations. The second (most) dominant mode of interannual sea surface temperature (SST) variations in the southern Indian (South Atlantic) Ocean represents a northeast–southwest oriented dipole, now called subtropical dipole mode. The positive (negative) SST interannual anomaly pole starts to grow in austral spring and reaches its peak in February. In austral late spring, the suppressed (enhanced) latent heat flux loss associated with the variations in the subtropical high causes a thinner (thicker) than normal mixed layer thickness that, in turn, enhances (reduces) the warming of the mixed layer by the climatological shortwave radiation. The positive (negative) pole gradually decays in austral fall because the mixed layer cooling by the entrainment is enhanced (reduced), mostly owing to the larger (smaller) temperature difference between the mixed layer and the entrained water. The increased (decreased) latent heat loss due to the warmer (colder) SST also contributes to the decay of the positive (negative) pole. Although further verification using longer observational data is required, the present coupled model suggests that the South Atlantic subtropical dipole may play a more important role in rainfall variations over the southern African region than the Indian Ocean subtropical dipole.
Declining Oxygen in the Northeast Pacific*
Authors: Pierce Stephen D. , Barth John A. , Shearman R. Kipp , Erofeev Anatoli Y. 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
Climate models predict a decrease in oceanic dissolved oxygen and a thickening of the oxygen minimum zone, associated with global warming. Comprehensive observational analyses of oxygen decline are challenging, given generally sparse historical data. The Newport hydrographic (NH) line off central Oregon is one of the few locations in the northeast Pacific with long oxygen records. Good quality data are available here primarily in two time blocks: 1960–71 and 1998–present. Standard sampling extends from midshelf (bottom depth of 58 m) to 157 km offshore (bottom depth of 2880 m). Shipboard measurements have been supplemented in recent years (2006–present) with data from autonomous underwater gliders. Oxygen declines significantly over this 50-yr period across the entire NH line. In addition to decrease in the vicinity of the oxygen minimum depth (~800 m), oxygen decreases across a range of density surfaces σθ = 26–27 within the thermocline, in the depth range 100–550 m. A core of decreasing oxygen (0.7 ± 0.2 μmol kg−1 yr−1 or 0.016 ± 0.005 ml l−1 yr−1) is also found over the upper slope at 150–200-m depths, within the region of average northward flow associated with the poleward undercurrent. During the summer upwelling season, the largest decline is observed near bottom on the shelf: the dissolved oxygen of upwelled water, already low, is further reduced by shelf processes, leading to near-bottom hypoxia (&lt;60 μmol kg−1) on the Oregon shelf.
Improved Outcome in Neonatal Short Bowel Syndrome Using Parenteral Fish Oil in Combination With ω‐6/9 Lipid Emulsions
Authors: Angsten Gertrud , Finkel Yigael , Lucas Steven , Kassa Ann‐Marie , Paulsson Mattias , Lilja Helene Engstrand 
Published: January 2012

Background:Newborn infants with short bowel syndrome (SBS) represent a high‐risk group of developing intestinal failure–associated liver disease (IFALD), which may be fatal. However, infants have a great capacity for intestinal growth and adaptation if IFALD can be prevented or reversed. A major contributing factor to IFALD may be the soybean oil–based intravenous lipid emulsions used since the introduction of parenteral nutrition (PN) 40 years ago.Methods:This retrospective study compares the outcome in 20 neonates with SBS treated with parenteral fish oil (Omegaven) in combination with ω‐6/9 lipid emulsions (ClinOleic) with the outcome in a historical cohort of 18 patients with SBS who received a soybean oil–based intravenous lipid emulsion (Intralipid).Results:Median gestational age was 26 weeks in the treatment group and 35.5 weeks in the historical group. All patients were started on PN containing Intralipid that was switched to ClinOleic/Omegaven in the treatment group at a median age of 39 gestational weeks. In the treatment group, direct bilirubin levels were reversed in all 14 survivors with cholestasis (direct bilirubin >50 umol/L). Median time to reversal was 2.9 months. Only 2 patients died of liver failure (10%). In the historical cohort, 6 patients (33%) died of liver failure, and only 2 patients showed normalization of bilirubin levels.Conclusions:Parenteral fish oil in combination with ω‐6/9 lipid emulsions was associated with improved outcome in premature neonates with SBS. When used instead of traditional soybean‐based emulsions, this mixed lipid emulsion may facilitate intestinal adaptation by increasing the IFALD‐free period.
The AC electrical behavior of cement–polymer composite
Authors: Zihlif AM , Ayish IO , Elimat ZM 
Published: January 2012

The electrical properties of cement–polyvinyl alcohol were studied using the impedance measuring technique. The study has been carried out under different temperatures and frequencies. Some electrical quantities such as AC conductivity, dielectric constant, activation energy, and relaxation time of the conduction process were determined from collected impedance data, at a frequency range from 20 kHz to 1 MHz and temperatures of 30–105°C. It was found that the measured electrical quantities have frequency and temperature dependence. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss increase with increasing temperature and decrease with the applied frequency. The AC conductivity increases with increasing temperature and frequency. The calculated values of the activation energy and relaxation time vary with temperature and frequency. The observed enhancement in the electrical conductivity with increasing temperature may be due to electron hopping between the intrinsic localized states in composite composition. The increase in the dielectric constant with temperature is attributed to space charge, ions, and metallic inclusions existing in the cement structure.
Rashid Jahan’s Writings
Authors: Bano Shadab 
Published: January 2012

Rashid Jahan’s writings in Angaare boldly challenged the oppression of the women of the Muslim elite and took issue with the implications of patriarchy and faith. Though Muslim women writers were indeed suggesting reform in domestic and social life, Rashid Jahan’s bold attack on cherished aspects of Muslim culture and social setup marked an important departure, bringing issues of the body and sexuality to the agenda of reform. This article examines her feminist concerns and the radical thrust towards social justice that marks her writings. The coming together of the Angaare group reflects the impact of intellectual and political currents on the Muslim youth of the period. Aligarh, though not a hub for nationalist and radical politics, still afforded spaces for alternative thought, which obviously did not go uncontested. The present article seeks to contextualise Rashid Jahan’s writings within the Aligarh Movement, looking at the relations between modernist reforms and the nascent feminism represented by Rashid Jahan and the Progressive Writers’ Movement.
Redeeming Bleeding
Authors: Ohira Eiko 
Published: January 2012

In The Thousand Faces of Night, Githa Hariharan shows how each female character suffers from her own traumatic humiliation, guilt and alienation from her own body and processes which originate in menarche. Through these representations, she not only exposes how women are suppressed but also creates a narrative that challenges the ideology of womanhood, which is tacitly assumed to be celebrated only because it means future motherhood, and thus means nothing for barren women. Hariharan’s depiction of a bleeding community of women allows for the endless multiplication of differences among women, but it is strategically powerful as an image of a communion in which women can share their painful or joyful experiences and understand their bodies, a communion that allows women to rebel against a repressive system and to build on their new empowerment. Devi, the protagonist, struggles for her own story or stories in the process of centering herself in order to act. Her story of selfhood formation is created through her dialogues with other women and mingles with theirs. The subject position as a Brahmin wife allotted to Devi is replaced by her own story of womanhood, which in turn opens the way for other women to create their own redeeming narratives.
The Transition to Adulthood in Spain in a Comparative Perspective
Authors: Moreno Almudena 
Published: January 2012

This article sets out to describe and comparatively identify the possible economic, institutional and cultural factors that take part in the process of transition to adulthood, with particular emphasis on factors that explain why young people in Spain leave the parental home late in life. To do this, a number of indicators have been selected and made up using data from different international statistical sources. The results obtained suggest that in the welfare regimes of Southern Europe, and particularly in Spain, factors such as scarce emancipation policies, the cross-generational solidarity, the home-ownership culture, young people’s economic situation and job insecurity, together with the inflexibility and the costly housing market have all created a culture of parental dependence as a strategy for accumulating capital and for coping with risks in a precarious environment exemplified by the social exclusion and poverty. The analysis has highlighted gender differences in the process of transition to adulthood. The combined analysis of all these factors has enabled a more in-depth understanding of the possible causes of the delay in the process of leaving the parental home experienced by the Spanish young people in a comparative perspective.