bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sleep Debt and Insulin Resistance: What's Worse, Sleep Deprivation or Sleep Restriction?
Authors: Souza Jorge Fernando Tavares , Monico-Neto Marcos , Tufik Sergio , Antunes Hanna Karen Moreira 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objective To evaluate which condition of sleep debt has a greater negative impact on insulin resistance: sleep deprivation for 24 hours or 4 hours of sleep restriction for 4 nights.
Materials and Methods In total, 28 healthy male subjects aged 18 to 40 years were recruited and randomly allocated to two groups: sleep deprivation (SD) and sleep restriction (SR). Each group underwent two conditions: regular sleep (11 pm to 7 am) and total sleep deprivation for 24 hours (SD); regular sleep (11 pm to 7 am) and 4 nights of sleep restriction (SR) (1 am to 5 am). The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed, and baseline glucose, insulin, free fatty acids (FFAs), and cortisol were measured. In addition, the area under the curve (AUC) for glucose and insulin, the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and the Matsuda Index (Insulin Sensitivity Index, ISI) were calculated.
Results Glucose and insulin had a similar pattern between groups, except at the baseline, when insulin was higher in the sleep debt condition of the SR when compared with the SD (p < 0.01). In the comparison between regular sleep and sleep debt, the SD had a higher insulin AUC (p < 0.01) and FFAs (p = 0.03) after sleep deprivation, and insulin and the insulin AUC increased (p < 0.01 for both), while the ISI decreased (p = 0.02) after sleep restriction in the SR. In baseline parameters covariate by the condition of regular sleep, insulin (p = 0.02) and the HOMA-IR (p < 0.01) were higher, and cortisol (p = 0.04) was lower after sleep restriction when compared with sleep deprivation.
Conclusion Sleep restriction for 4 consecutive nights is more detrimental to energy metabolism because of the higher insulin values and insulin resistance compared with an acute period of sleep deprivation of 24 hours.
Register-based distribution of expressions of modality in COCA
Authors: Zhou Jiangping , Xia Yanhua 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis research scrutinizes expressions of modality at both word and clause ranks. Expressions at the former rank encompass modal verbal operators, modal adjuncts, and modal nominalizations, and expressions at the latter rank encompass ‘explicit subjective’ orientation such as I think and ‘explicit objective’ orientation, such as it is possible. These latter expressions are designated as interpersonal metaphors of modality within the framework proposed by Halliday. Previous studies delimited the distribution of expressions of modality either at word rank or at clause rank; in addition, they undertheorized the relationship between this distribution of modality and formality of registers because the register is testified to be an influential factor in the distribution of expressions of modality. This study, drawing on such statistical methods as variation analysis and correlation analysis, explored the distribution of expressions of modality at both word and clause ranks across registers with different degrees of formality by employing the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA). The findings are summarized as follows. First, registers in COCA employ expressions of modality with low and/or median values to judge the proposition at issue for the purpose of entertaining other varying voices. Second, in more formal registers, language users seem to prefer modal nominalizations to modal verbal operators and modal adjuncts at word rank, and ‘explicit objective’ orientation to ‘explicit subjective’ orientation at clause rank. In doing so, they could efficiently conceal the commentators’ subjective meaning, and thus, the objectivity of propositions is highlighted. This study will shed light on the full understanding of the distribution of expressions of modality across registers and the application of such theory as interpersonal metaphor of modality in SFL.
Exploring the green edge: the role of market orientation and knowledge management in achieving competitive advantage through creativity
Authors: Zhang Zhen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study examines the interconnectedness between Green Market Orientation (GMO) and Green Knowledge Management (GKM) in connection to Green Competitive Advantage (GCA) within Chinese green businesses. This research also focuses on the mediating influence of Green Creativity (GC). Drawing on the Knowledge-Based View (KBV), we examine how GMOs and GKM improve enterprises’ green creativity and subsequent green competitive advantage. Using a comprehensive survey of 325 environmentally conscious Chinese companies and an advanced PLS-SEM analysis, our findings offer several important insights. Our findings reveal that GMOs substantially affect both GC and GCA, highlighting their crucial role in fostering a company’s innovative green capabilities and competitive position. Concurrently, GKM positively affects GC and GCA, emphasizing the importance of effectively using and leveraging green knowledge within businesses. Furthermore, we observe the mediating role of GC in the relationships between GMO and GCA, as well as GKM and GCA. This finding underscores the need to promote GC to maximize the advantages of market orientation and knowledge management in attaining a green competitive advantage. These results not only add to the existing KBV theoretical framework, but they also have important implications for managers because they show how important it is to fully incorporate green practices into an organization’s strategy in order to gain a sustainable competitive advantage.
Alligator gar as a centenarian species: extending lifespan estimates using bomb radiocarbon and laser ablation–accelerator mass spectrometry
Authors: Andrews Allen H. , Daugherty Daniel J. , Wertnik Melina , Welte Caroline , Smith Nathan G. , Buckmeier David L. , Riecke Dennis 
Published: May 2024

Context The potential lifespan of alligator gar (Atractosteus spatula) is currently unknown. A previous study applied bomb radiocarbon (14C) dating to establish ages >60 years, but maximum age was limited by the rise of bomb-produced 14C in the 1950s. Aims An exceptionally large specimen (2.6 m, 148 kg) was captured in Mississippi and otolith growth zones revealed an age estimate of 95 years. This specimen provided an opportunity to apply new technology to validate the lifespan of alligator gar. Methods Developments in accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) led to technology that measures 14C continuously from carbonates (laser ablation-AMS), as opposed to single sample 14C analysis. Key results Use of laser ablation AMS on the 2.6-m alligator gar otolith, and two smaller fish aged >60 years, supported ages that were older than original estimates by 5–20 years. Conclusions Our study indicates that alligator gar age can be underestimated for the largest fish, maximum recorded length is 2.6 m based on a historical photograph, and lifespan is at least 75–95 years with support for an age of 100 years for the 2.6-m fish. Implications An increase in lifespan of this magnitude would affect our understanding of population dynamics and recovery efforts.
Microstructural contribution to the magnetic anisotropy in Fe

1
−
x

Ga
x
thin films: correlation between crystallographic texture and magnetic response
Authors: Ramírez G A , Moya Riffo A E , Ambrosio L , Gómez J E , Goijman D , Rodríguez L M , Fregenal D E , Bernardi G C , Butera A , Milano J 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this study, we present a systematic analysis of the relation between the structural properties and magnetic anisotropies of as-grown and heat-treated polycrystalline Fe

1
−
x

Ga
x
(0.11

<
x
<

0.19) thin films deposited on glass and Si(100) substrates. The results show that the crystallographic texture of the films has a significant impact on the evolution of the magnetic anisotropies. The samples grown on glass do not exhibit a preferred texture while, for samples grown on Si(100), the appearance of a weak in-plane fourfold magnetic anisotropy is reported. Such anisotropy is enhanced and better defined in the heat treated samples. Via a phenomenological model we show that this anisotropy has a microstructural origin. These findings demonstrate the possibility of tuning magnetic anisotropies by growing on different substrates and/or performing thermal treatments, which in turn reinforces the possibility of developing smart magnetic switching materials for electronic applications.
Detection of defect-induced luminescence in epoxy-based insulation materials via phase-resolved photon counting method
Authors: Fan Xianhao , Liang Fangwei , Luo Hanhua , Zhang Xinyu , Huang Zhengyong , Li Chuanyang , He Jinliang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Electroluminescence (EL) has shown promise in detecting micro-defects in epoxy-based insulation materials. Understanding the various luminescence mechanisms caused by defects is crucial for improving the characterization and analysis of insulation defects. In light of this, this study proposes a photon counting-based approach to investigate the impact of defects on the entire evolutionary process of the luminescence mechanism. A phase-resolved photon counting (PRPC) method is proposed to examine the polarity and periodicity of photon counting results influenced by defects. Additionally, a simulation model based on the finite element method is established to analyze how defects modify the distribution of electric field and space charges. Observations suggest that the PRPC-based approach holds promise for advancing the defect analysis of epoxy insulation used in gas-insulated equipment.
Cyclostationarity and real order derivatives in roller bearing fault detection
Authors: Karioja K , Nikula R-P , Nissilä J 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Various methods are used in the field of machine diagnostics for recognizing cyclostationarity in signals. The real order derivatives of vibration signals, however, have been rarely reported from the perspective of their effect on the performance of cyclostationarity detection methods. In this paper, we use real order derivatives together with spectral correlation, spectral coherence and squared envelope. Our results suggest that adjusting the order of derivative can enhance the analysis outcome of spectral correlation and squared envelope in particular. Remarkably, the results also suggest that squared envelope, when used alongside real-order derivatives, may replace spectral correlation and spectral coherence. This approach allows obtaining results with reduced computational power, making it advantageous for applications like industrial edge computing, where cost-effective hardware is crucial.
Trapping and recapturing single DNA molecules with pore-cavity-pore device
Authors: Xu Wei , Ma Chaofan , Wang Gang , Fu Fangzhou , Sha Jingjie 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Single-molecule detection technology is a technique capable of detecting molecules at the single-molecule level, characterized by high sensitivity, high resolution, and high specificity. Nanopore technology, as one of the single-molecule detection tools, is widely used to study the structure and function of biomolecules. In this study, we constructed a small-sized nanopore with a pore-cavity-pore structure, which can achieve a higher reverse capture rate. Through simulation, we investigated the electrical potential distribution of the nanopore with a pore-cavity-pore structure and analyzed the influence of pore size on the potential distribution. Accordingly, different pore sizes can be designed based on the radius of gyration of the target biomolecules, restricting their escape paths inside the chamber. In the future, nanopores with a pore-cavity-pore structure based on two-dimensional thin film materials are expected to be applied in single-molecule detection research, which provides new insights for various detection needs.
Current sharing in double-sided REBCO tapes
Authors: Xue Shengchen , Li Yi , Zhu Lingfeng , Sarangi Bhabesh , Sandra Jithin Sai , Rong Jian , Mai Nghia , Chen Siwei , Chavda Atik , Sambangi Umesh , Peram Jithin , Parthiban Prakash , Selvamanickam Venkat 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Current sharing between RE–Ba–Cu–O (REBCO, RE = rare earth) tapes within a high-temperature superconducting coil or cable is important to avoid damage from uncontrolled quench of superconducting devices operating at high currents. Current sharing between REBCO tapes is found to be limited by the contact resistivity between adjacent tapes, which is about 20x higher in the REBCO-facing-substrate (face-to-back) configuration that is commonly used in devices compared to a REBCO-facing-REBCO (face-to-face) configuration. Double-sided REBCO tapes always offer face-to-face contacts between adjacent tapes, and this benefit of excellent current sharing has been validated in experiments wherein an artificial defect is introduced in one tape in a 2-ply tape stack. Additionally, current sharing between the two REBCO layers within one double-sided REBCO tape has also been investigated. Slotting of the double-sided tapes, wherein slots through the insulating buffer stack are filled with a conductive material, has been found to significantly enhance the current sharing from one REBCO layer to the opposite layer.
A Serendipitous Observation of the Recently Discovered Cataclysmic Variable TUVO-21acq
Authors: Valencic Lynne A. , Weaver Kimberly A. , Kuntz K. D. , Cann Jenna M. , Pfeifle Ryan W. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The recently discovered non-magnetic cataclysmic variable TUVO-21acq was serendipitously observed in a quiescent state during an XMM-Newton observing campaign for the starburst galaxy NGC 4945. Data from this campaign was combined with archival serendipitous XMM observations to examine its X-ray and UV/optical characteristics. TUVO-21acq was found to have X-ray flux F
X(0.4–3.0 keV) ∼ 1.3 × 10−14 erg s−1 cm−2 and features similar to other quiescent dwarf novae, with X-ray luminosity L
X(0.4–3.0 keV) ∼ 8 × 1030 erg s−1 and a white dwarf mass

M

WD

=

0.78

−
0.27

+
0.37

M

⊙

. Its UV/optical spectrum was variable between observations, possibly due to changes in the accretion disk or the visibility of the bright spot.
Influence of the reflectivity of a crystal on the angular distribution of diffracted transition radiation of relativistic electrons
Authors: Berdnichenko A.V. , Budko A.V. , Kolodochkin V.V. , Takabayashi Y. , Vnukov I.E. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The influence of the angular profile of crystal reflectivity on the assessment of the divergence of a beam of relativistic electrons is studied through measurements of the angular distribution of diffracted transition radiation. The results show that, when the angular distribution of reflectivity is taken into account, the obtained divergence values are close to the true values. Failure to take this effect into account leads to systematic errors in determining the horizontal divergence. The magnitude of the error depends on the beam divergence and is inversely proportional to the square of the energy of the reflected photons.
Surface-modified injectable poly(ethylene-glycol) diacrylate-based cryogels for localized gene delivery
Authors: Dalal Neha , Dandia Hiren , Ingle Arvind , Tayalia Prakriti 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Lentiviral transduction is widely used in research, has shown promise in clinical trials involving gene therapy and has been approved for CAR-T cell immunotherapy. However, most modifications are done ex vivo and rely on systemic administration of large numbers of transduced cells for clinical applications. A novel approach utilizing in situ biomaterial-based gene delivery can reduce off-target side effects while enhancing effectiveness of the manipulation process. In this study, poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA)-based scaffolds were developed to enable in situ lentivirus-mediated transduction. Compared to other widely popular biomaterials, PEGDA stands out due to its robustness and cost-effectiveness. These scaffolds, prepared via cryogelation, are capable of flowing through surgical needles in both in vitro and in vivo conditions, and promptly regain their original shape. Modification with poly(L-lysine) (PLL) enables lentivirus immobilization while interconnected macroporous structure allows cell infiltration into these matrices, thereby facilitating cell-virus interaction over a large surface area for efficient transduction. Notably, these preformed injectable scaffolds demonstrate hemocompatibility, cell viability and minimally inflammatory response as shown by our in vitro and in vivo studies involving histology and immunophenotyping of infiltrating cells. This study marks the first instance of using preformed injectable scaffolds for delivery of lentivectors, which offers a non-invasive and localized approach for delivery of factors enabling in situ lentiviral transduction suitable for both tissue engineering and immunotherapeutic applications.
Gyrokinetic simulations of the kinetic electron effects on the electrostatic instabilities on the ITER baseline scenario
Authors: ZHANG 张 Debing 德兵 , ZHAO 赵 Pengfei 鹏飞 , XU 徐 Yingfeng 颖峰 , YE 叶 Lei 磊 , ZHANG 张 Xianmei 先梅 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The linear and nonlinear simulations are carried out using the gyrokinetic code NLT for the electrostatic instabilities in the core region of a deuterium plasma based on the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) baseline scenario. The kinetic electron effects on the linear frequency and nonlinear transport are studied by adopting the adiabatic electron model and the fully drift-kinetic electron model in the NLT code, respectively. The linear simulations focus on the dependence of linear frequency on the plasma parameters, such as the ion and electron temperature gradients

, the density gradient

and the ion–electron temperature ratio

. Here,

is the major radius, and

and

denote the electron and ion temperatures, respectively.

is the gradient scale length, with

denoting the density, the ion and electron temperatures, respectively. In the kinetic electron model, the ion temperature gradient (ITG) instability and the trapped electron mode (TEM) dominate in the small and large

region, respectively, where

is the poloidal wavenumber. The TEM-dominant region becomes wider by increasing (decreasing)

(

) or by decreasing

. For the nominal parameters of the ITER baseline scenario, the maximum growth rate of dominant ITG instability in the kinetic electron model is about three times larger than that in the adiabatic electron model. The normalized linear frequency depends on the value of

, rather than the value of

or

, in both the adiabatic and kinetic electron models. The nonlinear simulation results show that the ion heat diffusivity in the kinetic electron model is quite a lot larger than that in the adiabatic electron model, the radial structure is finer and the time oscillation is more rapid. In addition, the magnitude of the fluctuated potential at the saturated stage peaks in the ITG-dominated region, and contributions from the TEM (dominating in the higher

region) to the nonlinear transport can be neglected. In the adiabatic electron model, the zonal radial electric field is found to be mainly driven by the turbulent energy flux, and the contribution of turbulent poloidal Reynolds stress is quite small due to the toroidal shielding effect. However, in the kinetic electron model, the turbulent energy flux is not strong enough to drive the zonal radial electric field in the nonlinear saturated stage. The kinetic electron effects on the mechanism of the turbulence-driven zonal radial electric field should be further investigated.
A modular optically pumped magnetometer system
Authors: Coussens T , Gialopsou A , Abel C , Bason M G , James T M , Evans W , Woodley M T M , Nightingale D , Nicolau D , Page L , Oručević F , Krüger P 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
To address the demands in healthcare and industrial settings for spatially resolved magnetic imaging, we present a modular optically pumped magnetometer (OPM) system comprising a multi-sensor array of highly sensitive quantum magnetometers. This system is designed and built to facilitate fast prototyping and testing of new measurement schemes by enabling quick reconfiguration of the self-contained laser and sensor modules as well as allowing for the construction of various array layouts with a shared light source. The modularity of this system facilitates the development of methods for managing high-density arrays for magnetic imaging. The magnetometer sensitivity and bandwidth are first characterised in both individual channel and differential gradiometer configurations before testing in a real-world magnetoencephalography environment by measuring alpha rhythms from the brain of a human participant. We demonstrate the OPM system in a first-order axial gradiometer configuration with a magnetic field gradient sensitivity of

10

fT

/

cm

/

Hz

at a baseline of 4.5 cm. Single-channel operation achieved a sensitivity of

65

fT

/

Hz

. Bandwidths exceeding

200

Hz

were achieved for two independent modules. The system’s increased temporal resolution allows for the measurement of spinal cord signals, which we demonstrate by using phantom signal trials and comparing with an existing commercial sensor.
Comparative performance evaluation of voltage gate-spin orbit torque MTJ-based digital logic circuits with 45 nm CMOS technology
Authors: Jangra Payal , Duhan Manoj 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The development of advanced logic systems relies on low-power, compact devices with incredibly fast computational speeds. Voltage gate spin–orbit Torque Magnetic Tunnel Junction has emerged as a prominent solution, meeting these requirements and playing a crucial role in the design of digital circuits. This paper concentrates on the design, implementation, and performance evaluation of gates (AND, OR, XOR) and combinational circuits (2 × 1 Mux, subtractor, and adder) based on VgSOT MTJ. The performance characteristics of these circuits have been evaluated, and comprehensive comparisons have been made with conventional 45 nm CMOS and SOT/STT-based circuit designs. In this paper, based on the latency performance analysis, it has been established that the logic gates and combinational circuits utilizing VgSOT exhibit superior performance of approximately 96% compared to CMOS counterparts. Similarly, latency performance improvement of 44% and 75%, respectively, is seen for VgSOT-based logic gates and combinational circuits over SOT and STT-based circuits. Analysis of power consumption in VgSOT-based logic gates has revealed a remarkable power efficiency of ∼98% over CMOS- and SOT/STT-based circuit implementations. Implementing VgSOT MTJ-based design brings about notable improvements in the performance of different logic designs.