bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mice with Disrupted Type I Protein Kinase A Anchoring in T Cells Resist Retrovirus-Induced Immunodeficiency
Authors: Mosenden Randi , Singh Pratibha , Cornez Isabelle , Heglind Mikael , Ruppelt Anja , Moutschen Michel , Enerbäck Sven , Rahmouni Souad , Taskén Kjetil 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Type I protein kinase A (PKA) is targeted to the TCR-proximal signaling machinery by the A-kinase anchoring protein ezrin and negatively regulates T cell immune function through activation of the C-terminal Src kinase. RI anchoring disruptor (RIAD) is a high-affinity competitor peptide that specifically displaces type I PKA from A-kinase anchoring proteins. In this study, we disrupted type I PKA anchoring in peripheral T cells by expressing a soluble ezrin fragment with RIAD inserted in place of the endogenous A-kinase binding domain under the lck distal promoter in mice. Peripheral T cells from mice expressing the RIAD fusion protein (RIAD-transgenic mice) displayed augmented basal and TCR-activated signaling, enhanced T cell responsiveness assessed as IL-2 secretion, and reduced sensitivity to PGE2- and cAMP-mediated inhibition of T cell function. Hyperactivation of the cAMP–type I PKA pathway is involved in the T cell dysfunction of HIV infection, as well as murine AIDS, a disease model induced by infection of C57BL/6 mice with LP-BM5, a mixture of attenuated murine leukemia viruses. LP-BM5–infected RIAD-transgenic mice resist progression of murine AIDS and have improved viral control. This underscores the cAMP–type I PKA pathway in T cells as a putative target for therapeutic intervention in immunodeficiency diseases.
The Cognitive Interview for Use with Adults: An Empirical Test of an Alternative Mnemonic and of a Partial Protocol
Authors: Colomb Cindy , Ginet Magali 
Published: March 2011

SummaryResearch showed that the four Cognitive Interview (CI) mnemonics used individually are unequally effective. We propose to test (i) their benefit when used within the same free recall phase and (ii) an original instruction, ‘guided peripheral focus’ (GPF). In two studies, 84 and 42 students were interviewed with Structured Interviews (SI), CIs or CI variations about a film viewed 1 week before. Results indicated that (i) if a CI variation with the GPF instead of the ‘perspective’ elicits more correct information than an SI or a CI, variations replacing the ‘perspective’ or the ‘order’ and ‘perspective’ with control instruction(s) do not; (ii) a partial CI integrating the ‘everything’, ‘context’ and GPF increases correct information compared with an SI, whereas the CI does not. We will discuss in which extent these results demonstrate the effectiveness of the ‘everything’, ‘context’ and ‘GPF’ and a potential lack of benefit of the ‘order’ and ‘perspective’. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In Situ Characterization of Lattice Structure Evolution during Phase Transformation of Zr‐2.5Nb
Authors: Yan Kun , Carr Dave G. , Kabra Saurabh , Reid Mark , Studer Andrew , Harrison Robert P. , Dippenaar Rian , Liss Klaus‐Dieter 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe α–β phase transformation behavior of Zr‐2.5Nb (in mass%) has been characterized in real time during an in situ neutron diffraction experiment. The Zr‐2.5Nb material in the current study consists, at room temperature, of α‐Zr phase (hcp) and two β phases (bcc), a Nb rich β‐Nb phase and retained, Zr rich, β‐Zr(Nb) phase. It is suggested that this is related to a quench off the equilibrium solubility of Nb atoms in the Zr bcc unit cells. Vegard's law combined with thermal expansion is applied to calculate the composition of the β‐phase, which is compared with the phase diagram, revealing the system's kinetic behavior for approaching equilibrium.
Liquefied Capsules Coated with Multilayered Polyelectrolyte Films for Cell Immobilization
Authors: Costa Nazua L. , Sher Praveen , Mano João F. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractNatural‐derived polymers are used to coat liquid‐core capsules layer by layer to encapsulate cells. Human osteoblast‐like cells (SaOs‐2) are encapsulated in such spherical devices using a three‐step methodology: i) ionotropic gelation to produce alginate beads encapsulating the cells; ii) layer‐by‐layer coating using water‐soluble chitosan and alginate; and iii) core liquefaction. Cells remain viable for 3 d after the encapsulation procedure, suggesting that the developed capsules possess a semipermeable, nanostructured coating. All of the capsules exhibit a spherical shape, smooth surface and liquid‐core characteristics. All of the processes are conducted under mild conditions and physiological pH. We consider that the methodology employed in the development of the capsules obtained from natural‐based biomaterials has potential to find applicability in the development of scaffolds or cell carriers in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
Epitaxial Growth of Branched α‐Fe2O3/SnO2 Nano‐Heterostructures with Improved Lithium‐Ion Battery Performance
Authors: Zhou Weiwei , Cheng Chuanwei , Liu Jinping , Tay Yee Yan , Jiang Jian , Jia Xingtao , Zhang Jixuan , Gong Hao , Hng Huey Hoon , Yu Ting , Fan Hong Jin 
Published: March 2011

AbstractWe report the synthesis of a novel branched nano‐heterostructure composed of SnO2 nanowire stem and α‐Fe2O3 nanorod branches by combining a vapour transport deposition and a facile hydrothermal method. The epitaxial relationship between the branch and stem is investigated by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The SnO2 nanowire is determined to grow along the [101] direction, enclosed by four side surfaces. The results indicate that distinct crystallographic planes of SnO2 stem can induce different preferential growth directions of secondary nanorod branches, leading to six‐fold symmetry rather than four‐fold symmetry. Moreover, as a proof‐of‐concept demonstration of the function, such α‐Fe2O3/SnO2 composite material is used as a lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) anode material. Low initial irreversible loss and high reversible capacity are demonstrated, in comparison to both single components. The synergetic effect exerted by SnO2 and α‐Fe2O3 as well as the unique branched structure are probably responsible for the enhanced performance.
Systemic mastocytosis in adults: 2011 update on diagnosis, risk stratification, and management
Authors: Pardanani Animesh 
Published: March 2011

AbstractDisease overview: Systemic mastocytosis (SM) results from a clonal proliferation of abnormal mast cells (MC) in one or more extracutaneous organs.Diagnosis: The major criterion is presence of multifocal clusters of morphologically abnormal MC in the bone marrow. Minor diagnostic criteria include elevated serum tryptase level, abnormal MC expression of CD25 and/or CD2, and presence of KITD816V.Risk stratification: The prognostic relevance of the 2008 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of SM has recently been confirmed. Classification of SM patients into indolent (SM), aggressive SM (ASM), SM associated with a clonal non‐MC lineage disease (SM‐AHNMD), and mast cell leukemia (MCL) subgroups is a useful first step in establishing prognosis.Risk‐adapted therapy: SM treatment is generally palliative. ISM patients have a normal life expectancy and receive symptom‐directed therapy; infrequently, cytoreductive therapy may be indicated for refractory symptoms. ASM patients have disease‐related organ dysfunction; interferon‐α (±corticosteroids) can control dermatological, hematological, gastrointestinal, skeletal, and mediator‐release symptoms, but is hampered by poor tolerability. Similarly, cladribine has broad therapeutic activity, with particular utility when rapid MC debulking is indicated; the main toxicity is myelosuppression. Imatinib has a therapeutic role in the presence of an imatinib‐sensitive KIT mutation or in KITD816‐unmutated patients. Treatment of SM‐AHNMD is governed primarily by the non‐MC neoplasm; hydroxyurea has modest utility in this setting. Dasatinib's in vitro anti‐ KITD816V activity has not translated into significant therapeutic activity in most SM patients. In contrast, preliminary data suggest that Midostaurin may produce significant decreases in MC burden in some patients. Am. J. Hematol. 86:363–371, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Identification of prognostic factors for plerixafor‐based hematopoietic stem cell mobilization
Authors: Basak Grzegorz W. , Jaksic Ozren , Koristek Zdenek , Mikala Gabor , Mayer Jiri , Masszi Tamas , Labar Boris , Wiktor‐Jedrzejczak Wieslaw ,   for the Central and Eastern European Leukemia Group (CELG)
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe introduction of plerixafor has enabled successful collection of stem cells in the majority of patients with lymphoma or myeloma in whom previous attempts at mobilization have failed. However, a proportion of patients have been shown to be resistant to this mobilization regimen. To identify the factors that impair stem cell mobilization and collection with plerixafor, we reviewed the data for 197 patients who had undergone mobilization with plerixafor and granulocyte‐colony stimulating factor in Central Europe. Predictors of mobilization failure were evaluated using logistic regression analysis. Among the 197 patients mobilized, the target of ≥2.0 × 106 CD34+ cells/kg was collected from 133 (67.5%). Our analysis revealed that previous treatment with lenalidomide, bortezomib, melphalan, radiotherapy, or autologous stem cell transplantation and regimen of plerixafor use in combination with chemotherapy had no significant effect on the efficiency of collection. In contrast, an age ≥65 years (odds ratio 0.331, 95% CI: 0.112–0.977, P < 0.05), a diagnosis of non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma (odds ratio 0.277, 95% CI: 0.124–0.622, P < 0.01), and treatment with ≥ four chemotherapy regimens (odds ratio 0.366, 95% CI: 0.167–0.799, P < 0.05) were associated significantly with failed mobilization. The rate of successful mobilizations was decreased in patients treated with purine analogues (odds ratio 0.323, 95% CI: 0.096–1.094, P = 0.07) but increased in female patients (odds ratio 1.961, CI: 0.943–4.080, P = 0.07). Patients who are characterized by the above negative features could benefit potentially from further improvement in the mobilization strategy. Am. J. Hematol., 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Diagnosis and prevalence of uterine leiomyomata in female chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)
Authors: Videan E.N. , Satterfield W.C. , Buchl S. , Lammey M.L. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractUterine leiomyomata are common, affecting 70–80% of women between 30 and 50 years of age. Leiomyomata have been reported for a variety of primate species, although prevalence rates and treatments have not been widely reported. The prevalence, diagnosis, and treatment of uterine leiomyomata in the Alamogordo Primate Facility and the Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research were examined. Uterine leiomyomata were diagnosed in 28.4% of chimpanzees with an average age at diagnosis of 30.4±8.0 years. Advanced age (>30 years) was related to an increase in leiomyomata and use of hormonal contraception was related to a decrease in leiomyomata. As the captive chimpanzee population ages, the incidence of leiomyomata among female chimpanzees will likely increase. The introduction of progesterone‐based contraception for nonbreeding research and zoological chimpanzees may reduce the development of leiomyomata. Finally, all chimpanzee facilities should institute aggressive screening programs and carefully consider treatment plans. Am. J. Primatol. 73:665–670, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
J‐Aggregate: von ihrer zufälligen Entdeckung bis zum gezielten supramolekularen Aufbau funktioneller Farbstoffmaterialien
Authors: Würthner Frank , Kaiser Theo E. , Saha‐Möller Chantu R. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractJ‐Aggregate sind von Interesse für organische Materialen, die mithilfe supramolekularer Ansätze konzipiert werden. Ihre Entdeckung in den 1930er Jahren war ein Meilenstein der Farbstoffchemie und ein Startpunkt für die supramolekulare Chemie. Die interessanten optischen Eigenschaften von J‐Aggregaten (besonders ihre sehr schmalen, im Vergleich zu denen des Monomers rotverschobenen Absorptionsbanden und ihre Fähigkeit zur Delokalisierung und zum Transport von Excitonen) sowie das daraus resultierende Anwendungspotenzial motivierten Wissenschaftler, sich mit J‐Aggregaten zu befassen, weshalb bereits zahlreiche Beiträge zu diesem Gebiet veröffentlicht wurden. Dieser Aufsatz gibt einen Überblick über nach supramolekularen Konstruktionsprinzipien hergestellte J‐Aggregate verschiedener Farbstoffklassen (darunter Cyanine, Porphyrine, Phthalocyanine und Perylenbisimide) und diskutiert ihre optischen und photophysikalischen Eigenschaften sowie ihre Anwendungsperspektiven. Damit sollte dieser Übersichtsartikel für die supramolekulare und Photochemie wie auch die Materialwissenschaften von Interesse sein.
A fundamental analysis of continuous flow bioreactor and membrane reactor models with non‐competitive product inhibition. III. Linear inhibition
Authors: Nelson Mark Ian , Lim Wei Xian 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTThe steady‐state production of a product produced through the growth of microorganisms in a continuous flow bioreactor is presented. A generalised reactor model is used in which both the classic well‐stirred bioreactor and the idealised membrane bioreactor are considered as special cases. The reaction is assumed to be governed by Monod growth kinetics subject to non‐competitive product inhibition. Inhibition is modelled as a decreasing linear function of the product concentration with a finite cut‐off. This reaction scheme is well documented in the literature, although a stability analysis of the governing equations has not previously been presented.The steady‐state solutions for the models have been obtained, and the stability has been determined as a function of the residence time. The key dimensionless parameter (γ) that controls the degree of non‐competitive product inhibition is obtained by scaling of the equations, and its effect on the reactor performance is quantified in the limit when product inhibition is ‘small’ and ‘large’. The parameter γ is the reciprocal of a scaled inhibition constant (Pm) that depends upon the substrate and product yield factors and the Monod constant (). © 2011 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Event correlation analysis for alarm system rationalization
Authors: Noda Masaru , Higuchi Fumitaka , Takai Tsutomu , Nishitani Hirokazu 
Published: March 2011

AbstractEvent correlation analysis is a data‐mining method that detects statistical similarities among discrete occurrences of alarms or operations. By grouping correlated events based on degree of similarity, a policy for reducing alarms and operations can be designed more easily than by analyzing individual alarms and operations. In this study, event correlation analysis was applied to event log data at an Idemitsu Kosan ethylene plant in Japan to reduce the number of alarms and operations, where events are defined by both tag names and types of tag. The obtained results were helpful for identifying unnecessary alarms and operations, such as sequential alarms and routine operations, buried in a lot of noisy plant data. Copyright © 2011 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A new result on state feedback robust stabilization for discrete‐time fuzzy singularly perturbed systems
Authors: Chen Jinxiang , Yin Yixin , Sun Fuchun 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThis paper presents the novel results for stabilizing uncertain standard discrete‐time fuzzy singularly perturbed systems (SPSs) via a state feedback control law. Two standard discrete‐time fuzzy SPSs are constructed firstly by using the Takagi‐Sugeno (T‐S) fuzzy model. Based on a matrix spectral norm approach, two new ε‐dependent stability conditions are derived, which guarantee the resulting closed‐loop systems are asymptotically stable. The gains of controllers are obtained by solving a set of ε‐dependent linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). In contrast to the existing results, the proposed methods have two advantages: (i) the designed controllers can overcome the external disturbances and parameter uncertainty; and (ii) the upper bound of ε is improved, especially it is not required to be smaller than one. Examples are provided to illustrate the reduced conservatism of our results.Copyright © 2011 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society
Solution structure of an alternate conformation of helix27 fromEscherichia coli16S rRNA
Authors: Spano Meredith Newby , Walter Nils G. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractHelix (H)27 of 16S ribosomal (r)RNA fromEscherichia coliwas dubbed the “switch helix” when mutagenesis suggested that two alternative base pair registers may have distinct functional roles in the bacterial ribosome. Although more recent genetic analyses suggest that H27 conformational switching is not required for translation, previous solution studies demonstrated that the isolatedE. coliH27 can dynamically convert between the 885 and 888 conformations. Here, we have solved the nuclear magnetic resonance solution structure of a locked 888 conformation. NOE and residual dipolar coupling restraints reveal an architecture that markedly differs from that of the 885 conformation found in crystal structures of the bacterial ribosome. In place of the loop E motif that characterizes the 885 conformer and that the 888 conformer cannot adopt, we find evidence for an asymmetrical A‐rich internal loop stabilized by stacking interactions among the unpaired A's. Comparison of the isolated H27 888 solution structure with the 885 crystal structure within the context of the ribosome suggests a difference in overall length of H27 that presents one plausible reason for the absence of H27 conformational switching within the sterically confining ribosome. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 95: 653–668, 2011.
A chemically synthesized peptoid‐based drag‐tag enhances free‐solution DNA sequencing by capillary electrophoresis
Authors: Haynes Russell D. , Meagher Robert J. , Barron Annelise E. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractWe report a capillary‐based DNA sequencing read length of 100 bases in 16 min using end‐labeled free‐solution conjugate electrophoresis (FSCE) with a monodisperse poly‐N‐substituted glycine (polypeptoid) as a synthetic drag‐tag. FSCE enabled rapid separation of single‐stranded (ss) DNA sequencing fragments with single‐base resolution without the need for a viscous DNA separation matrix. Protein‐based drag‐tags previously used for FSCE sequencing, for example, streptavidin, are heterogeneous in molar mass (polydisperse); the resultant band‐broadening can make it difficult to obtain the single‐base resolution necessary for DNA sequencing. In this study, we synthesized and HPLC‐purified a 70mer poly‐N‐(methoxyethyl)glycine (NMEG) drag‐tag with a molar mass of ∼11 kDa. The NMEG monomers that comprise this peptoid drag‐tag are interesting for bioanalytical applications, because the methoxyethyl side chain's chemical structure is reminiscent of the basic monomer unit of polyethylene glycol, a highly biocompatible commercially available polymer, which, however, is not available in monodisperse preparation at an ∼11 kDa molar mass. This is the first report of ssDNA separation and of four‐color, base‐by‐base DNA sequencing by FSCE through the use of a chemically synthesized drag‐tag. These results show that high‐molar mass, chemically synthesized drag‐tags based on the polyNMEG structure, if obtained in monodisperse preparation, would serve as ideal drag‐tags and could help FSCE reach the commercially relevant read lengths of 100 bases or more. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 96:702–707, 2011.
Mechanism of kinase inactivation and nonbinding of fratide to GSK3β due to K85M mutation: Molecular dynamics simulation and normal mode analysis
Authors: Lu ShaoYong , Jiang YongJun , Lv Jing , Zou JianWei , Wu TianXing 
Published: March 2011

AbstractAs a serine/threonine protein kinase, glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) is an essential component of several cellular processes, including insulin, growth factor, and Wnt signaling. The conserved K85 is important to GSK3β activity and FRATide binding. To elucidate the mechanisms concerning kinase inactivation and nonbinding of FRATide to GSK3β, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, molecular mechanics generalized Born/surface area (MM_GBSA) calculation, and normal mode analysis (NMA) were performed on both the wild‐type (WT) and the K85M mutation of the GSK3β‐FRATide complex. The results revealed that the periodic open‐closed conformational change of the G loop, together with the compact conformation of the RD pocket, was disturbed in the K85M mutant, in contrast to those in the WT. This in turn caused inhibition of GSK3β. Specifically, the correct folding pattern of GSK3β was disrupted in the K85M mutant, resulting in the loss of two key hydrogen bonds between K214 of FRATide and E290 and K292 of GSK3β, respectively. Furthermore, MM_GBSA calculations indicated that the K85M mutation could lead to a less energy‐favorable GSK3β‐FRATide complex. In addition, NMA demonstrated that the “rocking” of the N‐ and C‐terminal domains of GSK3β, which coordinates the mutual movement of both lobes, inducing the opening and closing of the active site of GSK3β, which may assist the entry of ATP into the ATP binding site and the release of the ADP product. Strikingly, this phenomenon was not clearly observed in the K85M mutation. This study provides a structural basis for the effect of the K85M mutation on the GSK3β‐FRATide complex. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 95: 669–;681, 2011.
Overproduction of human M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor: An approach toward structural studies
Authors: Romero‐Fernandez Wilber , Garriga Pere , Borroto‐Escuela Dasiel O. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractHuman M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M3R), present in both the central and the peripheral nervous system, is involved in several neurodegenerative and autoimmune diseases. Recently, M3R overexpression has been suggested to play a role in certain forms of cancer, showing promise as a new potential pharmacological target. However, the lack of structural information hampered to develop a new potent selective and potent antagonist. We describe here different strategies for overexpressing functional M3R on the perspective of future biophysical studies. To achieve this goal, four tagged M3R genes were engineered and codon optimized. Different heterologous expression systems, including mammalian cells and viral transfection, were employed to overexpress M3R. Although codon optimization resulted in only twofold to threefold increase of M3R expression, we found that epitope tagging of the synthetic M3R, especially with hemagglutinin and Flag epitope tags, could improve M3R expression levels. On the other hand, viral transfection led to a yield of 27 pmol/mg protein that is the highest level reported so far for this receptor subtype in mammalian cells. Taking together several of the strategies used can help increasing M3R expression, not only to start purification efforts but also for secondary structural analysis trial and functional analyses. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2011