bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of antenna arrays using equivalent sources for increase in computational efficiency for 5G and beyond
Authors: Aakash  , Bhattacharya Sudeb , Jaiswal Rahul Kumar , Srivastava Kumar Vaibhav 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe use of equivalent sources for the analysis of antenna arrays for high computational efficiency has been proposed. A single antenna element has been designed, and the fields have been saved on an enclosed geometry. The surface equivalence principle has been utilized to calculate the far‐field patterns from the fields saved on the enclosed geometry which has been termed as Huygens' box (HB). The antenna element has been used to design , , , and array and the far‐fields have been calculated. For linear arrays of HBs far‐field patterns and computation time have been compared with that of the actual antenna array. As the number of elements increases from 4 to 16, the computation time has been found to reduce from to . Further, the computation time has been found to reduce by and for and configurations, respectively. The method is suitable for analysis of complex geometry of antennas used in 5G technology and beyond.
B0‐insensitive image navigators for prospective motion‐corrected MRS with localized second‐order shimming
Authors: Adanyeguh Isaac M. , Park Young Woo , Henry Pierre‐Gilles , Deelchand Dinesh K. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPurposeLocalized shimming in single‐voxel MRS often results in large B0 inhomogeneity outside the volume‐of‐interest. This causes unacceptable degradation in motion navigator images. Switching back and forth between whole‐brain shim and localized shim is possible for linear shims, but not for higher‐order shims. Here we propose motion navigators largely insensitive to B0 inhomogeneity for prospective motion‐corrected MRS with localized higher‐order shimming.MethodsA recent fast high‐resolution motion navigator based on spiral‐in/out k‐space trajectories and multislice‐to‐volume registration was modified by splitting the readout into multiple shot interleaves which shortened the echo time and reduced the effect of B0 inhomogeneity. The performance of motion correction was assessed in healthy subjects in the prefrontal cortex using a sLASER sequence at 3T (N = 5) and 7T (N = 5).ResultsWith multiple spatial interleaves, excellent quality navigator images were acquired in the whole brain in spite of large B0 inhomogeneity outside the MRS voxel. The total duration of the navigator in sLASER remained relatively short even with multiple shots (3T: 10 spatial interleaves 94 ms per slice; 7T: 15 spatial interleaves 103 ms per slice). Prospective motion correction using the multi‐shot navigators yielded comparable spectral quality (water linewidth and metabolite SNR) with and without subject motion.ConclusionB0‐insensitive motion navigators enable prospective motion correction for MRS with all first‐ and second‐order shims adjusted in the MRS voxel, providing optimal spectral linewidth.
Exercise‐based physiotherapeutic interventions in frailty syndrome: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Silva Laize Gabriele de Castro , da Silva Silvia Lanziotti Azevedo , Freire Júlio César Guimarães , Nascimento Emanoel dos Santos , de Andrade Palloma Rodrigues , Pereira Daniele Sirineu , Brito Geraldo Eduardo Guedes 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo identify the effect of exercise interventions on physical frailty in community‐dwelling older adults.MethodsRelevant articles were searched in MEDLINE, LILACS, Scielo, Embase, and PEDro in November 2022, based on a protocol registered in PROSPERO and according to items prescribed in Report for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses, using Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS) and free terms for search strategy, with no language restrictions. The studies were considered if they had been published between January 2010 and November 2022, and were randomized clinical trials in which pre‐frail and frail older community‐dwelling adults had undergone exercise‐based physical therapy.ResultsThe systematic review found 5360 citations; after screening, abstract, and full‐text screening for eligibility, seven studies were included, involving 1304 participants overall. The exercise modalities differed substantially between studies. The meta‐analysis identified a statistically significant difference in frailty between older adults who exercised compared with those who exercised with no or minimal intervention. No heterogeneity between articles was observed, and the risk of bias was considered low according to funnel plot visual inspection.ConclusionsThe results of this review suggest that physical therapy programs are effective in decreasing levels of physical frailty in community‐dwelling older adults.
The additional value of 68Ga‐PSMA PET/CT SUVmax in predicting ISUP GG ≥ 2 and ISUP GG ≥ 3 prostate cancer in biopsy
Authors: Heetman Joris G. , Paulino Pereira Leonor J. , Kelder Johannes C. , Soeterik Timo F. W. , Wever Lieke , Lavalaye Jules , van der Hoeven Erik J. R. J. , Lam Marnix G. E. H. , van Melick Harm H. E. , van den Bergh Roderick C. N. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundPrebiopsy magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) increases the detection rate of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). Prostate‐specific membrane antigen‐positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PSMA PET/CT) maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of the prostate may offer additional value in predicting the likelihood of csPCa in biopsy.MethodsA single‐center cohort study involving patients with biopsy‐proven PCa who underwent both MRI and PSMA PET/CT between 2020 and 2021. Logistic regression models were developed for International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) Grade Group (GG) ≥ 2 and GG ≥ 3 using noninvasive prebiopsy parameters: age, (log‐)prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) density, PI‐RADS 5 lesion presence, extraprostatic extension (EPE) on MRI, and SUVmax of the prostate. Models with and without SUVmax were compared using Likelihood ratio tests and area under the curve (AUC). DeLong's test was used to compare the AUCs.ResultsThe study included 386 patients, with 262 (68%) having ISUP GG ≥ 2 and 180 (47%) having ISUP GG ≥ 3. Including SUVmax significantly improved both models' goodness of fit (p < 0.001). The GG ≥ 2 model had a higher AUC with SUVmax 89.16% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 86.06%–92.26%) than without 87.34% (95% CI: 83.93%–90.76%) (p = 0.026). Similarly, the GG ≥ 3 model had a higher AUC with SUVmax 82.51% (95% CI: 78.41%–86.6%) than without 79.33% (95% CI: 74.84%–83.83%) (p = 0.003). The SUVmax inclusion improved the GG ≥ 3 model's calibration at higher probabilities.ConclusionSUVmax of the prostate on PSMA PET/CT potentially improves diagnostic accuracy in predicting the likelihood of csPCa in prostate biopsy.
Digital financial inclusion, financial stability, and sustainable development: Evidence from a quantile‐on‐quantile regression and wavelet coherence
Authors: Oanh Tran Thi Kim , Dinh Le Quoc 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe current research examines the influence of digital financial inclusion (DFI) and financial stability (FS) on sustainable development in Vietnam through a dataset spanning during 2004–2022. Non‐parametric methods, such as quantile regression, Granger tests in different quantiles, and wavelet analysis were employed to elucidate the effect of different quantiles of FS and DFI on various quantiles of sustainable development. Our primary contribution lies in integrating three research domains to examine the relationships among all three factors simultaneously, all within the framework of one of the biggest developing economies. Our findings exhibit the strongly positive influence of FS and DFI on sustainable development in Vietnam across various quantiles and frequencies. This suggests that FS and DFI support the transition of country toward sustainable development.
Abrocitinib May Improve Itch and Quality of Life in Patients with Itch-Dominant Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Silverberg Jonathan I. , Thyssen Jacob P. , Lazariciu Irina , Myers Daniela E. , Güler Erman , Chovatiya Raj 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) exhibit heterogeneous clinical phenotypes, reflecting different combinations of itch and lesional severity. AD with severe itch but clear-moderate lesions, also known as itch-dominant AD, is a common clinical phenotype.

Objectives
To evaluate abrocitinib efficacy in patients with moderate-to-severe AD who have itch-dominant AD.

Methods
This post hoc analysis includes pooled data from clinical trials of patients with moderate-to-severe AD receiving abrocitinib (100 or 200 mg) as monotherapy (phase 2b; phase 3 JADE MONO-1 and JADE MONO-2) or in combination with topical therapy (phase 3 JADE COMPARE). Data from the ongoing long-term JADE EXTEND trial (data cutoff April 2020) were also evaluated. Itch-dominant AD was defined as baseline Peak Pruritus Numerical Rating Scale (PP-NRS) score of 7−10 and Investigator’s Global Assessment of 0−3 or Eczema Area and Severity Index of 0‒21. Assessments included a ≥4-point improvement in PP-NRS (PP-NRS4), PP-NRS score of 0 (no itch) or 1 (little itch) in patients with PP-NRS score ≥2 at baseline, ≥4-point improvement from baseline in Patient-Oriented Eczema Measure (POEM-4), Patient Global Assessment (PtGA) of clear or almost clear, and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) score of 0 or 1 (no impact or little impact of AD on quality of life [QoL]).

Results
In the pooled monotherapy trials, 37% of patients had itch-dominant AD at baseline. As early as Week 2, more patients with itch-dominant AD achieved PP-NRS4 with abrocitinib 100 mg (35%) and abrocitinib 200 mg (57%) versus placebo (7%); 6% and 22% versus 0%, respectively, achieved PP-NRS 0/1. More patients achieved a PtGA of clear/almost clear at Week 12 with abrocitinib 100 mg (28%) and abrocitinib 200 mg (45%) than placebo (9%). Additionally, abrocitinib led to clinically meaningful improvements in POEM and DLQI. Most patients with itch-dominant AD experienced itch improvement over time with abrocitinib monotherapy or with concomitant topical therapy; 86%–87% and 62%–67% of patients had no itch-moderate itch and clear-moderate lesions by weeks 24 and 48, respectively.

Conclusions
Abrocitinib is highly efficacious in patients with itch-dominant AD, demonstrating rapid, deep, and sustained improvements in itch and clinically meaningful improvements in patients’ QoL.

Trial Registration Numbers
NCT02780167; NCT03349060; NCT03575871; NCT03720470; NCT03422822.
Assessment of glial fibrillary acidic protein and anti‐glial fibrillary acidic protein autoantibody concentrations and necrotising meningoencephalitis risk genotype in dogs with pug dog myelopathy
Authors: Rohdin Cecilia , Ljungvall Ingrid , Jäderlund Karin Hultin , Svensson Anna , Lindblad‐Toh Kerstin , Häggström Jens 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundPugs commonly present with thoracolumbar myelopathy, also known as pug dog myelopathy (PDM), which is clinically characterised by progressive signs involving the pelvic limbs, no apparent signs of pain and, often, incontinence. In addition to meningeal fibrosis and focal spinal cord destruction, histopathology has confirmed lymphohistiocytic infiltrates in the central nervous system (CNS) in a considerable number of pugs with PDM. Lymphohistiocytic CNS inflammation also characterises necrotising meningoencephalitis (NME) in pugs. This study aimed to investigate the potential contribution of an immunological aetiology to the development of PDM.MethodsThe concentrations of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in serum and CSF and of anti‐GFAP autoantibodies in CSF were measured with an ELISA. In addition, a commercial test was used for genetic characterisation of the dog leukocyte antigen class II haplotype, which is associated with NME susceptibility.ResultsThis study included 87 dogs: 52 PDM pugs, 14 control pugs, four NME pugs and 17 dogs of breeds other than pugs that were investigated for neurological disease (neuro controls). Anti‐GFAP autoantibodies were present in 15 of 19 (79%) of the PDM pugs tested versus six of 16 (38%) of the neuro controls tested (p = 0.018). All 18 PDM pugs evaluated had detectable CSF GFAP. Serum GFAP was detected in two of three (67%) of the NME pugs and in two of 11 (18%) of the control pugs but not in any of the 40 tested PDM pugs. Male pugs heterozygous for the NME risk haplotype had an earlier onset of clinical signs (70 months) compared to male pugs without the risk haplotype (78 months) (p = 0.036).LimitationsThe study was limited by the lack of healthy dogs of breeds other than pugs and the small numbers of control pugs and pugs with NME.ConclusionsThe high proportion of PDM pugs with anti‐GFAP autoantibodies and high CSF GFAP concentrations provide support for a potential immunological contribution to the development of PDM.
Hypercalcaemia in a dog with hypothyroidism
Authors: Brandeker Erika , Scuka Amanda , Öberg Josefine 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA 5‐year‐old, entire, female Greenland dog was presented with polyuria and polydipsia. A mildly increased circulating concentration of ionised calcium, mild non‐regenerative anaemia, mild hypercholesterolemia and mild increases in liver enzyme activity were detected. Parathyroid hormone, plasma parathyroid hormone‐related protein and vitamin D were analysed in a blood sample, with all results below the lower limit of the reference range. Further investigation with abdominal ultrasonography, fine‐needle aspiration for cytology of the liver and spleen, thoracic radiography, adrenocorticotropic hormone‐stimulation and serum protein electrophoresis could not detect any disease. During the next months, the dog developed coat changes that clinically corresponded to an endocrinopathy. Analysis of thyroxine and thyroid‐stimulating hormone was performed. Thyroxine was less than 6 nmol/L and thyroid‐stimulating hormone was 1.5 µg/L, which indicated primary hypothyroidism. Treatment with l‐thyroxine resulted in normalisation of the hypercalcaemia. Moreover, the polyuria and alopecia resolved.
Type I congenital elbow luxation treated by radial head ostectomy in four dogs (2019–2021)
Authors: Bondonny Laura , Belmudes Audrey , Rivier Pablo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFour dogs with a median age of 5 months (4–8 months) were presented with type I congenital elbow luxation. Two dogs were bilaterally affected. All dogs had severe lameness and limited range of motion of the affected elbow. All were treated by radial head ostectomy. Mid‐term results were assessed by clinical and radiographic or computed tomography follow‐up in three dogs and using a validated owner questionnaire, the canine brief pain inventory (CBPI), in all dogs. Long‐term follow‐up was continued using the same questionnaire over a median time of 40.5 months. Follow‐up computed tomography or radiographs showed persistent humeroulnar incongruency and bone proliferation proximal to the ostectomy site. All owners reported rare episodes of mild lameness and a decreased CBPI score. This therapeutic option provided satisfactory mid‐ and long‐term outcomes. Moreover, to our knowledge, this is the first report of bilateral radial head ostectomy in dogs with type I congenital elbow luxation.
Subhomogeneous Operator Systems and Classification of Operator Systems Generated by $$\Lambda $$-Commuting Unitaries
Authors: Kiri Ran 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA unital $$C^*$$

C
∗

-algebra is called N-subhomogeneous if its irreducible representations are finite dimensional with dimension at most N. We extend this notion to operator systems, replacing irreducible representations by boundary representations. This is done by considering $$\text {UCP }(\mathcal {S})$$

UCP

(
S
)

which is the matrix state space associated with an operator system $$\mathcal {S}$$
S
and identifying the boundary representations as absolute matrix extreme points. We show that two N-subhomogeneous operator systems are completely order equivalent if and only if they are N-order equivalent. Moreover, we show that a unital N-positive map into a finite dimensional N-subhomogeneous operator system is completely positive. We apply these tools to classify pairs of q-commuting unitaries up to $$*$$

∗

-isomorphism. Similar results are obtained for operator systems related to higher dimensional non-commutative tori.
A new method to prioritize the QFDs’ engineering characteristics inspired by the Law of Comparative Judgment
Authors: Maisano Domenico A. , Carrera Giovanna , Mastrogiacomo Luca , Franceschini Fiorenzo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe primary module of Quality Function Deployment (QFD) is the House of Quality (HoQ), which supports the design of new products and services by translating customer requirements (CRs) into engineering characteristics (ECs). Within the HoQ framework, the traditional technique for prioritizing ECs is the independent scoring method (ISM), which aggregates the weights of the CRs and the relationships between CRs and ECs (i.e., null, weak, medium, and high) through a weighted sum. However, ISM incorporates two questionable operations: (i) an arbitrary numerical conversion of the relationships between CRs and ECs, and (ii) the “promotion” of these relationships from ordinal to cardinal scale. To address these conceptual shortcomings, this paper introduces a novel procedure for prioritizing ECs, inspired by the Thurstone’s Law of Comparative Judgment (LCJ). This procedure offers a solution that is conceptually sound and practical, overcoming the conceptual shortcomings of ISM, while maintaining its simplicity, flexibility, and ease of implementation. The proposed approach is supported by a realistic application example illustrating its potential.
The physiological and biochemical basis of potency thresholds modeled using human estrogen receptor alpha: implications for identifying endocrine disruptors
Authors: Borgert Christopher J. , Burgoon Lyle D. , Matthews John C. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe endocrine system functions by interactions between ligands and receptors. Ligands exhibit potency for binding to and interacting with receptors. Potency is the product of affinity and efficacy. Potency and physiological concentration determine the ability of a ligand to produce physiological effects. The kinetic behavior of ligand-receptor interactions conforms to the laws of mass action. The laws of mass action define the relationship between the affinity of a ligand and the fraction of cognate receptors that it occupies at any physiological concentration. We previously identified the minimum ligand potency required to produce clinically observable estrogenic agonist effects via the human estrogen receptor-alpha (ERα). By examining data on botanical estrogens and dietary supplements, we demonstrated that ERα ligands with potency lower than one one-thousandth that of the primary endogenous hormone 17β-estradiol (E2) do not produce clinically observable estrogenic effects. This allowed us to propose a Human-Relevant Potency Threshold (HRPT) for ERα ligands of 1 × 10–4 relative to E2. Here, we test the hypothesis that the HRPT for ERα arises from the receptor occupancy by the normal metabolic milieu of endogenous ERα ligands. The metabolic milieu comprises precursors to hormones, metabolites of hormones, and other normal products of metabolism. We have calculated fractional receptor occupancies for ERα ligands with potencies below and above the previously established HRPT when normal circulating levels of some endogenous ERα ligands and E2 were also present. Fractional receptor occupancy calculations showed that individual ERα ligands with potencies more than tenfold higher than the HRPT can compete for occupancy at ERα against individual components of the endogenous metabolic milieu and against mixtures of those components at concentrations found naturally in human blood. Ligands with potencies less than tenfold higher than the HRPT were unable to compete successfully for ERα. These results show that the HRPT for ERα agonism (10–4 relative to E2) proposed previously is quite conservative and should be considered strong evidence against the potential for disruption of the estrogenic pathway. For chemicals with potency 10–3 of E2, the potential for estrogenic endocrine disruption must be considered equivocal and subject to the presence of corroborative evidence. Most importantly, this work demonstrates that the endogenous metabolic milieu is responsible for the observed ERα agonist HRPT, that this HRPT applies also to ERα antagonists, and it provides a compelling mechanistic explanation for the HRPT that is grounded in basic principles of molecular kinetics using well characterized properties and concentrations of endogenous components of normal metabolism.
Thresholds of adversity for endocrine disrupting substances: a conceptual case study
Authors: Choi Judy , Rotter Stefanie , Ritz Vera , Kneuer Carsten , Marx-Stoelting Philip , de Lourdes Marzo Solano Marize , Oertel Angelika , Rudzok Susanne , Ziková-Kloas Andrea , Tralau Tewes , Hensel Andreas 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFor endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC) the existence of “safe exposure levels”, that is exposure levels that do not present an appreciable risk to human health is most controversially discussed, as is the existence of health-based reference values. Concerns have been especially raised that EDCs might not possess a threshold level such that no exposure level to EDCs can be considered safe. To explore whether or not threshold levels can be identified, we performed a screening exercise on 14 pesticidal and biocidal active substances previously identified as EDCs in the European Union. The respective substances are ideal subjects for case studies to review for endocrine activity and disruptive potential following well-defined regulatory assessment based on solid data to effectually establish adversity as consequence of endocrine disruption. Dimethomorph, metiram and propiconazole for which the weight of evidence demonstrating endocrine disruption was the strongest were used as subjects for further study. Epoxiconazole was additionally selected as its effects on the endocrine system are extensive. For all four substances, analysis of the toxicological data clearly indicated thresholds of adversity below which no adverse effects mediated through an endocrine mechanism were observed. Particular emphasis was placed on mechanistic considerations including homeostasis and the concept of adversity. As a proof of concept this study provides evidence that like other substances of toxicological concern EDCs have threshold levels for adversity. While for some EDCs the respective thresholds might indeed be very low this shows that, data allowing, for other EDCs sufficiently protective reference values can be derived.
Flux and symmetry effects on quantum tunneling
Authors: Helffer Bernard , Kachmar Ayman , Sundqvist Mikael Persson 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMotivated by the analysis of the tunneling effect for the magnetic Laplacian, we introduce an abstract framework for the spectral reduction of a self-adjoint operator to a hermitian matrix. We illustrate this framework by three applications, firstly the electro-magnetic Laplacian with constant magnetic field and three equidistant potential wells, secondly a pure constant magnetic field and Neumann boundary condition in a smoothed triangle, and thirdly a magnetic step where the discontinuity line is a smoothed triangle. Flux effects are visible in the three aforementioned settings through the occurrence of eigenvalue crossings. Moreover, in the electro-magnetic Laplacian setting with double well radial potential, we rule out an artificial condition on the distance of the wells and extend the range of validity for the tunneling approximation recently established in Fefferman et al. (SIAM J Math Anal 54: 1105–1130, 2022), Helffer & Kachmar (Pure Appl Anal, 2024), thereby settling the problem of electro-magnetic tunneling under constant magnetic field and a sum of translated radial electric potentials.