bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction of Enthalpy of Fusion of Non‐aromatic Energetic Compounds Containing Nitramine, Nitrate and Nitro Functional Groups
Authors: Keshavarz Mohammad Hossein 
Published: November 2010

AbstractA new and reliable approach is introduced to predict enthalpy of fusion of non‐aromatic energetic compounds, which contain nitramine, nitrate and nitro functional groups. It is useful in diminishing hazardous synthesis and testing of energetic compounds. Simple relationship for predicting enthalpy of fusion can be expressed as a combination of the number of oxygen atoms and three structural parameters. Some experimental data of non‐aromatic energetic compounds were used to obtain the new correlation. The presented method has been tested with different non‐aromatic energetic compounds with complex molecular structures. The model can offer reliable predictions of enthalpy of fusion for non‐aromatic energetic compounds in comparison to the best available predictive methods. The enthalpy of fusion for some new non‐aromatic explosives such as CL‐20 and TNAZ was predicted.
Rethinking transit migration in Turkey: reality and re‐presentation in the creation of a migratory phenomenon
Authors: İçduygu Ahmet , Yükseker Deniz 
Published: November 2010

AbstractDiscussions of transit migration in Europe and its peripheries are not simply descriptions of an existing reality, but to some extent also a part of the process of constructing that reality in such a way that discursive practices enable policy statements to conceptualise and talk about this phenomenon. The main goal of this paper is to explore this process through the politicisation of transit migration in Europe, with a particular focus on Turkey. The essay first documents the irregular and transit migration experience of Turkey in the last thirty years with the help of several data sets. It particularly emphasises that there is a reality of transit migration in Turkey, but that there also exists other forms of irregular labour migration. The paper focuses on transit migration in Europe in the next section. It draws attention to the rather ironic fact that, while most European countries have adopted a range of restrictive control systems against incoming migrant flows, especially in the wake of September 11, their economies have been able to absorb thousands of irregular migrants. An important consequence of the economisation and securitisation of the European international migratory regime has been the politicisation of transit migration, precipitating an obsession with transit migration on the peripheries of the continent. Drawing on the insights from this discussion on politicisation of transit migration, in the following section, the paper examines the way in which transit migration in Turkey has been approached in Europe in the context of the country's accession negotiation process with the European Union. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Responding to patient demand: community pharmacists and herbal and nutritional products for children
Authors: Robinson Nicola , Lorenc Ava 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe attitudes and behaviour of pharmacists working in a multi‐ethnic community regarding herbal and nutritional products (HNPs) for children, were explored in depth. Qualitative interviews with four pharmacists were analysed using Framework Analysis. Quantitative diary recording of all HNP‐related events for child customers in four pharmacies was carried out over two separate week periods between March and June 2008. Of 29 events recorded, most involved parents buying products for their child, especially herbal and nutritional supplements and topical products, and asking for advice. Pharmacists were generally open to herbal and nutritional products and perceived an increasing demand which they were keen to meet. Although they reported feeling competent to give advice, pharmacists wished to increase their knowledge as information on HNPs was limited, and the need to maintain professionalism at all times was recognized. Pharmacists appear to understand and empathize with customer demand for HNPs and are uniquely positioned within the National Health System to provide product advice and support. However, to maintain professionalism, pharmacists may require further information on herbal and nutritional products and continuing professional training, especially since herbal and nutritional supplements may interact with prescribed and over‐the‐counter drugs. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Towards the systematic measurement of ATL transformation models
Authors: Tolosa José Barranquero , Sanjuán‐Martínez Oscar , García‐Díaz Vicente , G‐Bustelo B. Cristina Pelayo , Lovelle Juan Manuel Cueva 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe Model‐Driven Engineering paradigm is aimed at raising the abstraction level of Software Engineering approaches through the systematic use of models as primary artifacts, not only in software design and development, but also to understand, interact, configure, and modify the runtime behavior of software. It tries to overcome the wall between the documentation and the real state of the implementation. For that matter, our long‐term goal seeks to reach a higher degree of interoperability among available meta‐modeling technologies through bridges among technological spaces (TS bridges). The proposed system provides several ATL (ATLAS Transformation Language) transformations that enable the application of measuring operations over ATL transformation models and rules, and the generation of different complementary end‐user models, such as SVG charts and (X)HTML reports. For this work, we have evaluated a set of meta‐modeling TS bridges among UML, MOF, Ecore, KM3, and Microsoft DSL Tools. These results provide quantitative measurements of the declarative and imperative constructs of these transformations and relative quality factors as well. In addition to this, all the top‐level results extracted from the measurement of these TS bridges are merged into one unique model in order to assist in performing a comparative study among them. This comparative study suggests that it is feasible to apply automatic transformations over transformation models, i.e. meta‐transformations. In this regard, there are many open research trends towards complete management, validation, optimization, and inference of TS bridges between complementary meta‐modeling technologies. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Investigation of progressive collapse in intermediate RC frame structures
Authors: Pachenari Alireza , Keramati Abolghassem , Pachenari Zahra 
Published: November 2010

SUMMARYA large part of common reinforced concrete (RC) structures are designed as intermediate moment resisting frames. However, current progressive collapse studies have not paid much attention to these frames. In this study, based on the acceptance criteria of the UFC 4‐023‐03 document, the influence of some external and corner column removal cases are evaluated by nonlinear procedures in all storeys of a regular structure. Although this structure considers the acceptance criteria of nonlinear dynamic analyses, nonlinear static analyses require additional reinforcement in beam supports in the top two storeys. Compared to dynamic analyses, it is also concluded that static analyses are more conservative in the estimation of maximum vertical displacement and shear force in beams. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An overview of building codes and standards in Chile at the time of the 27 February 2010 offshore Maule, Chile earthquake
Authors: Rojas Fabian , Lew Marshall , Naeim Farzad 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe 27 February 2010 offshore Maule, Chile earthquake is a significant event in which modern tall buildings were subjected to strong ground motions having long duration of strong shaking. Although there were few total collapses of buildings in Chile, there were some buildings with serious damage. An understanding of the building codes and standards in force in Chile at the time of the earthquake are a key in understanding the behaviour of tall buildings in this event and future events that are coming. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Seismological and tectonic setting of the 27 February 2010 offshore Maule, Chile earthquake
Authors: Lew Marshall , Naeim Farzad , Carpenter Lauren D. , Youssef Nabih F. , Rojas Fabian , Adaros Macarena Schachter , Saragoni G. Rodolfo 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe magnitude 8·8 Offshore Maule, Chile earthquake is a significant event in seismology and earthquake engineering. The earthquake occurred on a convergent plate boundary (subduction zone) and affected a large area that a significant number of tall buildings designed to modern building codes. An understanding of the seismological and tectonic setting of this earthquake, together with understanding of the behaviour of structures, will further research and enhancements in seismic design in similar convergent plate boundary environments, such as the Cascadia subduction zone off the coast of the Pacific north‐west in the USA and Canada and other areas around the world. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis of neuroglobin mRNA expression in rat brain due to arsenite‐induced oxidative stress
Authors: Wang Jing , Zhang Wei , Sun Dianjun , Song Li , Li Yuanyuan , Xu Chunbei 
Published: November 2010

AbstractArsenic (As) in drinking water is a toxicant causing several health problems including nervous system disturbance. Neuroglobin (Ngb) is a tissue globin in nervous system playing protective role against oxidative stress in many injuries. This study was to investigate how long arsenite exposure (sodium arsenite 7.5 mg/kg/day) could induce oxidative stress in blood and brain of rats and to determine whether Ngb expression in rat brain changed due to oxidative stress. Results showed that superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) level in serum and brain homogenates and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in red blood cells (RBCs) did not change in the rats exposed to arsenite for 8 weeks. In the rats exposed to arsenite for 16 weeks, SOD activity decreased (serum: P < 0.05; brain homogenates: P < 0.01) and MDA level increased (P < 0.01) in serum and brain homogenates; ROS production increased (P < 0.01) in RBC. When oxidative stress occurred, Ngb mRNA expression did not change in whole brain, cerebral cortex, midbrain, and hippocampus; however, Ngb mRNA expression increased significantly (P < 0.05) in cerebellum compared to the control group. This study suggests that arsenite exposure for 16 weeks can lead to oxidative stress of blood and brain of rats. Ngb may play a protective role incerebellum when oxidative stress occurs due to arsenite exposure. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol, 2012.
Investigation of the load reduction potential of two trailing edge flap controls using CFD
Authors: Heinz Joachim , Sørensen Niels N. , Zahle Frederik 
Published: November 2010

AbstractIn this work, a 2D aero‐servo‐elastic model of an airfoil section with 3 degrees of freedom (DOF) based on the 2D CFD solver EllipSys2D to calculate the aerodynamic forces is utilized to calculate the load reduction potential of an airfoil equipped with an adaptive trailing edge flap (ATEF) and subjected to a turbulent inflow signal.The employed airfoil model corresponds to a successfully tested prototype airfoil where piezoelectric actuators were used for the flapping. In the present investigation two possible control methods for the flap are compared in their ability to reduce the fluctuating normal forces on the airfoil due to a 4  s turbulent inflow signal and the best location of the measurement point for the respective control input is determined. While Control 1 uses the measurements of a Pitot tube mounted in front of the leading edge (LE) as input, Control 2 uses the pressure difference between the pressure and suction side of the airfoil measured at a certain chord position.Control 1 achieves its maximum load reduction of RStd(Fy) = 76.7% for the shortest Pitot tube of the test, i.e. a Pitot tube with a length of 0.05% of the chord length. Control 2 shows the highest load reduction of RStd(Fy) = 77.7% when the pressure difference is measured at a chord position of approximately 15%. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis of impact of grid‐connected wind power on small signal stability
Authors: Shi L. B. , Wang C. , Yao L. Z. , Wang L. M. , Ni Y. X. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe power system small signal stability analysis considering wind generation intermittence is studied comprehensively in this paper. The modelling of doubly‐fed induction generator (DFIG) involving the converters with application of stator flux‐oriented vector control strategy is addressed briefly. In order to reveal how the intermittent nature of wind power affects the operating behaviour of an existing power system, a probabilistic small signal stability analysis method based on Monte Carlo simulation technique is proposed to explore and exploit the impact of intermittent grid‐connected wind power on small signal stability. The IEEE New England test system is applied as benchmark to verify the proposed model and approach. Total 3 scenarios are elaborately designed to figure out the potential relationship between the small signal stability indices and the wind generation intermittence. Finally, some preliminary conclusions and comments were drawn based on the numerical simulation results. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hepatocellular carcinoma during pregnancy: is hepatocellular carcinoma more aggressive in pregnant patients?
Authors: Choi Kang Kook , Hong Young Ju , Choi Sae Byeol , Park Young Nyun , Choi Jin Sub , Lee Woo Jung , Kim Kyung Sik 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBackground/purposeHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) during pregnancy is a very rare condition and is believed to have a worse prognosis than HCC in non‐pregnant women. We evaluated the prognosis and the diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for HCC in pregnant women.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 4 cases in our hospital and 44 cases described in the medical literature since 1957; we also compared the cases reported before 1995 and those reported during/after 1995.ResultsThe overall 6‐month and 1‐, 2‐, and 3‐year survival rates in the patients reported in the literature were 50, 29.5, 18.2, and 13.6%, respectively (n = 44). The mean ages at diagnosis before and during/after 1995 were 31.4 ± 7.2 and 28.9 ± 4.4 years, respectively (p = 0.113). The following characteristics were significantly more common in the later group: fewer pregnancies; the absence of advanced signs or symptoms; receipt of therapy; tendency to undergo surgery; and higher 6‐month and 1‐, 2‐, and 3‐year survival rates. The median survivals of the groups before and during/after 1995 were 18 and 25.5 months, respectively (p < 0.001).ConclusionsThe morbidity and mortality of HCC during pregnancy has improved over time, as diagnoses have tended to be made earlier and patients have tended to receive surgical and other treatments.
Usefulness of endoscopic biopsy using FOXP3+ Treg up‐regulation in the duodenal papilla in the differential diagnosis between autoimmune pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer
Authors: Kubota Kensuke , Kato Shingo , Watanabe Seitaro , Fujita Koji , Yoneda Masato , Takahashi Hirokazu , Inamori Masahiko , Shimamura Takeshi , Kirikoshi Hiroyuki , Kobayashi Noritoshi , Saito Satoru , Hisatomi Kantaro , Matsuhashi Nobuyuki , Nakajima Atsushi 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBackground and study aimsExpression of the forkhead/winged helix family of transcription factor P3+ regulatory T cells (FOXP3+ Treg), a master gene of regulatory T cells (Treg) is observed in patients with autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP). We investigated the usefulness of detection of FOXP3+ Treg in the main duodenal papilla for differential diagnosis between AIP and pancreatic cancer (Pca).Patients and methodsFirstly, we determined the cut‐off value of FOXP3 expression in duodenal papilla taken from the patients with AIP (n = 22) and chronic pancreatitis (n = 21). Data from 32 patients with AIP and 30 patients with Pca who had undergone endoscopic biopsy were then studied. The numbers of FOXP3+ Treg‐positive lymphocytes and IgG4‐positive plasma cells per high‐power field (HPF) were counted in all the histopathological specimens.ResultsThe areas under the receiver‐operating characteristic (AUROC) curves for FOXP3+ and IgG4 expression were 0.934 and 0.953, respectively. Cut‐off values calculated based on AUROC data were 14/HPF in FOXP3 and 10/HPF in IgG4. Seropositivity for IgG4 was observed in 22 out of the 31 patients with AIP (sensitivity 71.0%, specificity 84.6%, accuracy 75.0%). Significant infiltration of the major duodenal papilla by FOXP3+ lymphocytes (≥14/HPF) was recognized in 18 of the 32 patients with AIP (sensitivity 56.3%, specificity 100%, accuracy 77.4%). Significant infiltration of the major duodenal papilla by IgG4‐positive plasma cells (≥10/HPF) was recognized in 27 of the 32 patients with AIP (sensitivity 84.4%, specificity 80.0%, accuracy 82.3%).ConclusionsObservation of FOXP3+ cells in the main duodenal papilla may be useful in the differential diagnosis between AIP and Pca.
Amino acid metabolism in patients with propionic acidaemia
Authors: Scholl‐Bürgi Sabine , Sass Jörn Oliver , Zschocke Johannes , Karall Daniela 
Published: November 2010

AbstractPropionic acidaemia (PA) is an inborn error of intermediary metabolism caused by deficiency of propionyl‐CoA carboxylase. The metabolic block leads to a profound failure of central metabolic pathways, including the urea and the citric acid cycles. This review will focus on changes in amino acid metabolism in this inborn disorder of metabolism. The first noted disturbance of amino acid metabolism was hyperglycinaemia, which is detectable in nearly all PA patients. Additionally, hyperlysinaemia is a common observation. In contrast, concentrations of branched chain amino acids, especially of isoleucine, are frequently reported as decreased. These non‐proportional changes of branched‐chain amino acids (BCAAs) compared with aromatic amino acids are also reflected by the Fischer's ratio (concentration ratio of BCAAs to aromatic amino acids), which is decreased in PA patients. As restricted dietary intake of valine and isoleucine as precursors of propionyl‐CoA is part of the standard treatment in PA, decreased plasma concentrations of BCAAs may be a side effect of treatment. The concentration changes of the nitrogen scavenger glutamine have to be interpreted in the light of ammonia levels. In contrast to other hyperammonaemic syndromes, in PA plasma glutamine concentrations do not increase in hyperammonaemia, whereas CSF glutamine concentrations are elevated. Despite lactic acidaemia in PA patients, hyperalaninaemia is only rarely reported. The mechanisms underlying the observed changes in amino acid metabolism have not yet been elucidated, but most of the changes can be at least partly interpreted as consequence of disturbance of anaplerosis.
Lean principles, learning, and knowledge work: Evidence from a software services provider
Authors: Staats Bradley R. , Brunner David James , Upton David M. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractIn this paper, we examine the applicability of lean production to knowledge work by investigating the implementation of a lean production system at an Indian software services firm. We first discuss specific aspects of knowledge work—task uncertainty, process invisibility, and architectural ambiguity—that call into question the relevance of lean production in this setting. Then, combining a detailed case study and empirical analysis, we find that lean software projects perform better than non‐lean software projects at the company for most performance outcomes. We document the influence of the lean initiative on internal processes and examine how the techniques affect learning by improving both problem identification and problem resolution. Finally, we extend the lean production framework by highlighting the need to (1) identify problems early in the process and (2) keep problems and solutions together in time, space, and person.
LIFTING DERIVATIONS ANDn-WEAK AMENABILITY OF THE SECOND DUAL OF A BANACH ALGEBRA
Authors: BAROOTKOOB S. , EBRAHIMI VISHKI H. R. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWe show that forn≥2,n-weak amenability of the second dual 𝒜**of a Banach algebra 𝒜 implies that of 𝒜. We also provide a positive answer for the casen=1, which sharpens some older results. Our method of proof also provides a unified approach to give short proofs for some known results in the case wheren=1.
ON FOURIER COEFFICIENTS OF MODULAR FORMS
Authors: CUMMINS C. J. , HAGHIGHI N. S. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractRecursive formulae satisfied by the Fourier coefficients of meromorphic modular forms on groups of genus zero have been investigated by several authors. Bruinieret al. [‘The arithmetic of the values of modular functions and the divisors of modular forms’,Compositio Math.140(3) (2004), 552–566] found recurrences for SL(2,ℤ); Ahlgren [‘The theta-operator and the divisors of modular forms on genus zero subgroups’,Math. Res. Lett.10(5–6) (2003), 787–798] investigated the groups Γ0(p); Atkinson [‘Divisors of modular forms on Γ0(4)’,J. Number Theory112(1) (2005), 189–204] considered Γ0(4), and S. Y. Choi [‘The values of modular functions and modular forms’,Canad. Math. Bull.49(4) (2006), 526–535] found the corresponding formulae for the groups Γ+0(p). In this paper we generalize these results and find recursive formulae for the Fourier coefficients of any meromorphic modular formfon any genus-zero group Γ commensurable with SL(2,ℤ) , including noncongruence groups and expansions at irregular cusps. The form of the recurrence relations is well suited for the computation of the Fourier coefficients of the functions and forms on the groups which occur in monstrous and generalized moonshine. The required initial data has, in many cases, been computed by Norton (private communication).
Water requirements and body water distribution in Awassi sheep and Aardi goats during winter and summer seasons
Authors: ALAMER M. 
Published: November 2010

SUMMARYWater requirements, total body water (TBW) and water distribution were evaluated in Awassi sheep and Aardi goats of Saudi Arabia. Ten non-pregnant and non-lactating females from each species were individually housed in shaded pens during winter and summer seasons. Each experimental period lasted for 2 weeks; the first week was an adaptation period, followed by an evaluation period of 1 week. Feed and water intake together with body weight were recorded daily. Five animals from each group were used for determination of body water, extracellular fluid (ECF) and plasma volume (PV) using dilution techniques. Urea and sodium thiocyanate were used for the estimation of body water and ECF, respectively, and Evans blue for PV determination. Intracellular fluid (ICF) and blood volume (BV) were calculated. Feed intake was not affected by either season or species. During the winter season, Aardi goats had lower water intake in comparison with Awassi sheep, but water intake increased in all animals during summer. TBW increased during summer in all animals, but with higher values in the Aardi goats. During summer, ECF tended to increase in Aardi goats. PV, expressed as a proportion of body weight, was not affected by season, but it was maintained at higher levels in the Aardi goats irrespective of season. It could be concluded that Aardi goats used water more economically when the ambient temperature was lower but, during the summer when ambient temperatures were higher, they increased their water intake and BW content to a greater extent and stored more water in the ECF compartment compared to Awassi sheep.