bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Satellite remote sensing for an ecosystem approach to fisheries management
Authors: Chassot Emmanuel , Bonhommeau Sylvain , Reygondeau Gabriel , Nieto Karen , Polovina Jeffrey J. , Huret Martin , Dulvy Nicholas K. , Demarcq Herve 
Published: January 2011

Abstract
Chassot, E., Bonhommeau, S., Reygondeau, G., Nieto, K., Polovina, J. J., Huret, M., Dulvy, N. K., and Demarcq, H. 2011. Satellite remote sensing for an ecosystem approach to fisheries management. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 651–666. Satellite remote sensing (SRS) of the marine environment has become instrumental in ecology for environmental monitoring and impact assessment, and it is a promising tool for conservation issues. In the context of an ecosystem approach to fisheries management (EAFM), global, daily, systematic, high-resolution images obtained from satellites provide a good data source for incorporating habitat considerations into marine fish population dynamics. An overview of the most common SRS datasets available to fishery scientists and state-of-the-art data-processing methods is presented, focusing on recently developed techniques for detecting mesoscale features such as eddies, fronts, filaments, and river plumes of major importance in productivity enhancement and associated fish aggregation. A comprehensive review of remotely sensed data applications in fisheries over the past three decades for investigating the relationships between oceanographic conditions and marine resources is provided, emphasizing how synoptic and information-rich SRS data have become instrumental in ecological analyses at community and ecosystem scales. Finally, SRS data, in conjunction with automated in situ data-acquisition systems, can provide the scientific community with a major source of information for ecosystem modelling, a key tool for implementing an EAFM.
The Arabidopsis MutantjasonProduces Unreduced First Division Restitution Male Gametes through a Parallel/Fused Spindle Mechanism in Meiosis II
Authors: De Storme Nico , Geelen Danny 
Published: January 2011

AbstractIn plants, whole-genome doubling (polyploidization) is a widely occurring process largely contributing to plant evolution and diversification. The generation and fusion of diploid gametes is now considered the major route of plant polyploidization. The parallel arrangement or fusion of meiosis II MII spindles (ps) is one of the most frequently reported mechanisms generating triploid offspring. Through a forward genetics screen of an Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) ethyl methanesulfonate population, we identified Arabidopsis thaliana Parallel Spindles1 (AtPS1), which was recently reported as a major gene implicated in the control of the ps meiotic defect. In addition, we describe the isolation and characterization of a novel allele of JASON, involved in male gametophytic ploidy regulation in plants. Similar to atps1 mutants, jason produces more than 25% 2n pollen grains and spontaneously forms triploid offspring. By combining both cytological and genetic approaches, we demonstrate that loss of JASON causes the formation of parallel arranged and fused spindles in male MII, resulting in the production of unreduced first division restitution 2n spores. Although JASON encodes a protein of unknown function, we additionally show that the meiotic ps defect in jason is caused by a reduction in AtPS1 transcript levels, indicating that JASON positively regulates AtPS1 expression, allowing the proper organization and orientation of metaphase II spindle plates in MII.
Cell-Specific Vacuolar Calcium Storage Mediated byCAX1Regulates Apoplastic Calcium Concentration, Gas Exchange, and Plant Productivity inArabidopsis
Authors: Conn Simon J. , Gilliham Matthew , Athman Asmini , Schreiber Andreas W. , Baumann Ute , Moller Isabel , Cheng Ning-Hui , Stancombe Matthew A. , Hirschi Kendal D. , Webb Alex A.R. , Burton Rachel , Kaiser Brent N. , Tyerman Stephen D. , Leigh Roger A. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe physiological role and mechanism of nutrient storage within vacuoles of specific cell types is poorly understood. Transcript profiles from Arabidopsis thaliana leaf cells differing in calcium concentration ([Ca], epidermis &lt;10 mM versus mesophyll &gt;60 mM) were compared using a microarray screen and single-cell quantitative PCR. Three tonoplast-localized Ca2+ transporters, CAX1 (Ca2+/H+-antiporter), ACA4, and ACA11 (Ca2+-ATPases), were identified as preferentially expressed in Ca-rich mesophyll. Analysis of respective loss-of-function mutants demonstrated that only a mutant that lacked expression of both CAX1 and CAX3, a gene ectopically expressed in leaves upon knockout of CAX1, had reduced mesophyll [Ca]. Reduced capacity for mesophyll Ca accumulation resulted in reduced cell wall extensibility, stomatal aperture, transpiration, CO2 assimilation, and leaf growth rate; increased transcript abundance of other Ca2+ transporter genes; altered expression of cell wall–modifying proteins, including members of the pectinmethylesterase, expansin, cellulose synthase, and polygalacturonase families; and higher pectin concentrations and thicker cell walls. We demonstrate that these phenotypes result from altered apoplastic free [Ca2+], which is threefold greater in cax1/cax3 than in wild-type plants. We establish CAX1 as a key regulator of apoplastic [Ca2+] through compartmentation into mesophyll vacuoles, a mechanism essential for optimal plant function and productivity.
ArabidopsisFloral Initiator SKB1 Confers High Salt Tolerance by Regulating Transcription and Pre-mRNA Splicing through Altering Histone H4R3 and Small Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein LSM4 Methylation
Authors: Zhang Zhaoliang , Zhang Shupei , Zhang Ya , Wang Xin , Li Dan , Li Qiuling , Yue Minghui , Li Qun , Zhang Yu-e , Xu Yunyuan , Xue Yongbiao , Chong Kang , Bao Shilai 
Published: January 2011

AbstractPlants adapt their growth and development in response to perceived salt stress. Although DELLA-dependent growth restraint is thought to be an integration of the plant's response to salt stress, little is known about how histone modification confers salt stress and, in turn, affects development. Here, we report that floral initiator Shk1 kinase binding protein1 (SKB1) and histone4 arginine3 (H4R3) symmetric dimethylation (H4R3sme2) integrate responses to plant developmental progress and salt stress. Mutation of SKB1 results in salt hypersensitivity, late flowering, and growth retardation. SKB1 associates with chromatin and thereby increases the H4R3sme2 level to suppress the transcription of FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) and a number of stress-responsive genes. During salt stress, the H4R3sme2 level is reduced, as a consequence of SKB1 disassociating from chromatin to induce the expression of FLC and the stress-responsive genes but increasing the methylation of small nuclear ribonucleoprotein Sm-like4 (LSM4). Splicing defects are observed in the skb1 and lsm4 mutants, which are sensitive to salt. We propose that SKB1 mediates plant development and the salt response by altering the methylation status of H4R3sme2 and LSM4 and linking transcription to pre-mRNA splicing.
Evolution and Diverse Roles of theCUP-SHAPED COTYLEDONGenes inArabidopsisLeaf Development
Authors: Hasson Alice , Plessis Anne , Blein Thomas , Adroher Bernard , Grigg Stephen , Tsiantis Miltos , Boudaoud Arezki , Damerval Catherine , Laufs Patrick 
Published: January 2011

AbstractCUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON2 (CUC2) and the interacting microRNA miR164 regulate leaf margin dissection. Here, we further investigate the evolution and the specific roles of the CUC1 to CUC3 genes during Arabidopsis thaliana leaf serration. We show that CUC2 is essential for dissecting the leaves of a wide range of lobed/serrated Arabidopsis lines. Inactivation of CUC3 leads to a partial suppression of the serrations, indicating a role for this gene in leaf shaping. Morphometric analysis of leaf development and genetic analysis provide evidence for different temporal contributions of CUC2 and CUC3. Chimeric constructs mixing CUC regulatory sequences with different coding sequences reveal both redundant and specific roles for the three CUC genes that could be traced back to changes in their expression pattern or protein activity. In particular, we show that CUC1 triggers the formation of leaflets when ectopically expressed instead of CUC2 in the developing leaves. These divergent fates of the CUC1 and CUC2 genes after their formation by the duplication of a common ancestor is consistent with the signature of positive selection detected on the ancestral branch to CUC1. Combining experimental observations with the retraced origin of the CUC genes in the Brassicales, we propose an evolutionary scenario for the CUC genes.
Leadership development in a global environment: lessons learned from one of the world's largest employers
Authors: Schwartz Anne 
Published: January 2011

PurposeThe purpose of the paper is to share best practices from global logistics leader, UPS, for approach overhauling a company's global training, leadership development and succession planning practices.Design/methodology/approachTold from the vantage point of Anne Schwartz, UPS's vice president of global learning and development, the case study shows how UPS's internal research of focus groups and surveys revealed that the company's current training and leadership development programs needed to evolve to ensure success in today's global business environment.FindingsThe company acted on its internal research by retooling its leadership development and training programs to foster more strategically minded leaders; better engage younger generations; and make certain its people are “fluent” with UPS's vast global network.Practical implicationsUPS shares several practical takeaways for other international companies that are also looking to overhaul their leadership development and training programs. Sample takeaways include: align your training with your business strategy; start where you are and keep what works; and assess group and individual strengths and weaknesses.Originality/valueAs companies emerge from the recent economic downturn, the paper demonstrates that UPS maintains that now is the time to take a hard look at training and leadership development programs that impact workforces to ensure that businesses are positioned for long‐term, global growth.
Improving worker morale through the use of appreciative inquiry
Authors: Bechtold Mark 
Published: January 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine appreciative inquiry (AI) as an organizational development approach that aligns with Arab cultural factors to address the issue of employee morale in an Arab‐led organization.Design/methodology/approachA brief literature review establishes AI's foundational theories and links with Arab cultural factors. An overview of the AI 4D model is then followed by critiques of the AI approach. The paper presents an application of AI to address the issue of low employee morale in a large oil refinery.FindingsA literature review of AI and Arab cultural factors and initial findings of an AI application in a Middle Eastern Arab‐led organization indicates an increase in employee satisfaction and initially confirms a complementary link of the AI approach to Arab cultural factors.Research limitations/implicationsCritiques of AI center on appropriateness, repression of negative images, and unexpressed resentment. Despite critiques, a lack of dialogic discourse, and support from scientific research for this relatively new approach, AI presents a promising alternative to traditional problem solving and its inherent, often negative effects.Practical implicationsThe sharing of stories as part of the AI approach served to bond employees to each other and served to instill a shared sense of ownership for the past and future success of the organization. The use of AI builds on the cultural attributes of Arab culture including high collectivism, strong family and relationship orientation, high context and narrative communication, low risk tolerance, prevalence of positive intentions, and homogeneity of the Islamic society.Originality/valueThis paper provides insight and support for using AI as an organizational development approach that complements existing Arab cultural factors for practicality and benefit.
Business training for foreign students in UK
Authors: Hurn Brian J. 
Published: January 2011

PurposeThis paper seeks to highlight the differences foreign personnel undergoing business training in the UK may encounter because of the different teaching and learning environments in their home country as opposed to those they will experience in the UK. It aims to include research in the area among a sample of foreign students, discussion with trainers and teaching colleagues, as well as the results of in‐service training (INSET) held with staff in this area. It also aims to highlight differences and recommendations made to overcome them.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology includes discussion, INSET and a structured questionnaire survey comparing the different teaching and learning styles experienced in the foreign culture with those in the UK.FindingsThe paper concludes that relatively few differences exist between British and Americans, but a significant range of differences are encountered primarily by Asian students and some by European, Africans and those from the former Soviet Union. In addition, trainers should be given some initial training on the cultures of those on their courses and practical steps taken to overcome weaknesses in understanding of English.Originality/valueThis is an increasing area of concern as the numbers from overseas undergoing business training in the UK is likely to increase to help reduce the skills gap in certain areas. The paper suggests how the cultural differences in teaching and learning can be reconciled to make their business training in the UK more effective.
The hows and whys of group mentoring
Authors: Carvin Beth N. 
Published: January 2011

PurposeThis paper seeks to examine the methodologies for developing a group mentoring component as an add‐on to an existing or new corporate mentoring program.Design/methodology/approachThe paper defines group mentoring and explains the differences between group mentoring and classroom training. It provides the hallmarks of mentoring that should exist in a group mentoring program along with the individual development areas that can be successfully addressed through group mentoring. Also included are seven tips for starting and sustaining a group mentoring program. These tips cover areas such as the optimal group structure, logistics, the use of facilitators, obstacles and measuring the success of the program.FindingsWhen implemented correctly, mentoring groups have proven to be a successful training and development strategy. Some of the documented outcomes for participants are increased confidence, expanded understanding of the organization and increased commitment and connectedness to the organization.Originality/valueTraining and development managers who are struggling to expand their mentoring programs can use the information provided in the paper to add group mentoring to their mentorship program.
Stimulating training motivation using the right training characteristic
Authors: Fardaniah Abdul Aziz Siti , Ahmad Shamsuddin 
Published: January 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide human resource practitioners with practical information on the characteristics of a training programme that stimulates training motivation.Design/methodology/approachThe paper uses integrative literature reviews of 40 empirical studies on training programme characteristics that have motivated trainees conducted since 1986.FindingsThe main characteristics of a training programme that stimulate training motivation are option to voluntary attendance, training reputation, appropriate training design, and the relevance of training for job‐, career‐, and personal‐related needs.Research limitations/implicationsFor future research, these six training programme characteristics should be empirically researched altogether to identify the factor with the strongest influence on training motivation, in which priorities can be focused on that main factor. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to test the proposed propositions further.Practical implicationsA number of studies indicated that training programme characteristics influence training motivation; however, different scholars selected different characteristics and defined and segregated them into various types of training motivation. Consequently, a vague explanation on the effect of the training programme on training motivation is demonstrated. Therefore, this paper seeks to help practitioners choose the right training programme characteristics that stimulate training motivation, by giving a comprehensive explanation.Originality/valueThis is the first review to explain the characteristics of a training programme that affects training motivation using an integrative and comprehensive literature review.
Conceptual misfits in e‐mail‐based current‐awareness interaction
Authors: Attfield Simon , Blandford Ann 
Published: January 2011

PurposeThis research aims to identify some requirements for supporting user interactions with electronic current‐awareness alert systems based on data from a professional work environment.Design/methodology/approachQualitative data were gathered using contextual inquiry observations with 21 workers at the London office of an international law firm. The analysis uses CASSM (“Concept‐based Analysis of Surface and Structural Misfits”), a usability evaluation method structured around identifying mismatches, or “misfits”, between user‐concepts and concepts represented within a system.FindingsParticipants were frequently overwhelmed by e‐mail alerts, and a key requirement is to support efficient interaction. Several misfits, which act as barriers to efficient reviewing and follow‐on activities, are demonstrated. These relate to a lack of representation of key user‐concepts at the interface and/or within the system, including alert items and their properties, source documents, “back‐story”, primary sources, content categorisations and user collections.Research limitations/implicationsGiven these misfits, a set of requirements is derived to improve the efficiency with which users can achieve key outcomes with current‐awareness information as these occur within a professional work environment.Originality/valueThe findings will be of interest to current‐awareness providers. The approach is relevant to information interaction researchers interested in deriving design requirements from naturalistic studies.
A framework for contextual information in digital collections
Authors: Lee Christopher A. (Cal) 
Published: January 2011

PurposeThis paper sets out to investigate the meaning, role and implications of contextual information associated with digital collections.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is based on an extensive review and analysis of both the scholarly literature from many disciplines about the concept of context and the professional literature (including standards) related to the description of information artifacts. The paper provides an analysis of context, distinguishing three main ways in which that term has been used within the scholarly literature. It then discusses contextual information within digital collections, and presents a framework for contextual information. It goes on to discuss existing standards and guidance documents for encoding information related to the nine classes of contextual entities, concluding with a discussion of potential implications for descriptive practices through the lifecycle of digital objects.FindingsThe paper presents a framework for contextual information that is based on nine classes of contextual entities: object, agent, occurrence, purpose, time, place, form of expression, concept/abstraction, and relationship.Research limitations/implicationsResearch and development about and in support of digital collections will benefit from a clear articulation of the types, roles, importance and elements of contextual information.Practical implicationsFuture users of digital objects will probably have numerous tools for discovering preserved digital objects relevant to their interests, but making meaningful use and sense of the digital objects will also require capture, collection and management of contextual information.Originality/valueThis paper synthesizes and extends a previously diffuse literature, in order to clarify and articulate core concepts in the management of digital collections.
Classification systems in the light of sociology of knowledge
Authors: Keshet Yael 
Published: January 2011

PurposeClassification is an important process in making sense of the world, and has a pronounced social dimension. This paper aims to compare folksonomy, a new social classification system currently being developed on the web, with conventional taxonomy in the light of theoretical sociological and anthropological approaches. The co‐existence of these two types of classification system raises the questions: Will and should taxonomies be hybridized with folksonomies? What can each of these systems contribute to information‐searching processes, and how can the sociology of knowledge provide an answer to these questions? This paper aims also to address these issues.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is situated at the meeting point of the sociology of knowledge, epistemology and information science and aims at examining systems of classification in the light of both classical theory and current late‐modern sociological and anthropological approaches.FindingsUsing theoretical approaches current in the sociology of science and knowledge, the paper envisages two divergent possible outcomes.Originality/valueWhile concentrating on classifications systems, this paper addresses the more general social issue of what we know and how it is known. The concept of hybrid knowledge is suggested in order to illuminate the epistemological basis of late‐modern knowledge being constructed by hybridizing contradictory modern knowledge categories, such as the subjective with the objective and the social with the natural. Integrating tree‐like taxonomies with folksonomies or, in other words, generating a naturalized structural order of objective relations with social, subjective classification systems, can create a vast range of hybrid knowledge.