bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non‐extractive fish diversity assessment in Mediterranean rhodolith beds
Authors: Cabrito Andrea , Maynou Francesc , Simide Remy , Mouillot David , Lossent Julie , de Juan Silvia 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Rhodolith beds, recognized as biodiversity hotspots with high ecological and conservation importance, face local anthropic pressures, including trawl fishing. However, monitoring the diversity associated with this sensitive biogenic habitat in the deep waters of the Mediterranean Sea is challenging.
Traditional monitoring methods, such as experimental trawling and trammel nets, are extractive and have sampling limitations in providing comprehensive diversity inventories. In this work, we explore three alternative techniques (still video cameras, environmental DNA [eDNA] and bioacoustics) to monitor fish assemblages associated with rhodolith beds in the Menorca Channel at 45–80 m depth.
Ten sites were surveyed with eDNA, and 66 fish taxa were identified, including endangered sharks and cryptic species. The molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs) richness varied significantly according to habitat heterogeneity, being higher in homogeneous bottoms, and to exposure to trawling, with higher richness in non‐exposed areas.
Bioacoustics, though limited by a reduced library of fish sounds, detected differences in sound richness between habitat types, and the highest abundance of sounds was recorded in the areas with the greatest small‐scale habitat heterogeneity.
Underwater video revealed limitations in species detection but proved effective for characterizing small‐scale habitat types and heterogeneity.
In summary, each technique provides valuable information at different spatial scales and levels of detail. To assess the feasibility of these techniques for long‐term monitoring, we explored their capabilities and limitations in terms of costs, survey logistics and data output.
World health assembly resolution for preventing micronutrient deficiencies and associated neural tube defects—A case study of global partnerships for a successful resolution adoption
Authors: Kancherla Vijaya 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundOn May 29, 2023, the 76th World Health Assembly (WHA) unanimously adopted the resolution entitled, “Accelerating efforts for preventing micronutrient deficiencies and their consequences, including spina bifida and other neural tube defects, through safe and effective food fortification.” The Society for Birth Defects Research and Prevention published their resolution in 2015 supporting mandatory fortification of staple foods with folic acid and recommendations aiming to achieve global total prevention of folate‐sensitive spina bifida and anencephaly, setting a goal to achieve by the year 2024. The WHA resolution provides another global push for the cause, with recommendations to member nations for food fortification to be achieved by the year 2030.MethodsThis short communication documents the steps, from inception up to the passage, of the 76th WHA resolution on food fortification, with a narrative on the nature of strategic advocacy efforts by multiple governmental and nongovernmental organizations.ResultsWHA resolutions can take many years to be introduced and passed by the assembly; however, this is a case study of the swiftness of the process enabled by powerful global partnership.ConclusionThe documentation of this process serves as an example for developing and processing future WHA resolutions aiming to improve global maternal and child health.
Cited2 is a key regulator of placental development and plasticity
Authors: Kuna Marija , Soares Michael J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe biology of trophoblast cell lineage development and placentation is characterized by the involvement of several known transcription factors. Central to the action of a subset of these transcriptional regulators is CBP‐p300 interacting transactivator with Glu/Asp‐rich carboxy‐terminal domain 2 (CITED2). CITED2 acts as a coregulator modulating transcription factor activities and affecting placental development and adaptations to physiological stressors. These actions of CITED2 on the trophoblast cell lineage and placentation are conserved across the mouse, rat, and human. Thus, aspects of CITED2 biology in hemochorial placentation can be effectively modeled in the mouse and rat. In this review, we present information on the conserved role of CITED2 in the biology of placentation and discuss the use of CITED2 as a tool to discover new insights into regulatory mechanisms controlling placental development.
Encapsulation of Cu(II) Terpyridine Complexes into Polymeric Nanoparticles for Enhanced Anticancer Therapy
Authors: Montesdeoca Nicolás , Ni Kaixin , Karges Johannes 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCancer is one of the deadliest diseases worldwide. One of the most commonly applied therapeutic techniques to combat this disease is chemotherapy. Despite its success, the majority of clinically applied chemotherapeutic agents are associated with strong side effects and drug resistance. To overcome this limitation, much research efforts are devoted toward the development of new anticancer agents. Among the most promising class of compounds, Cu(II) complexes have emerged. Despite their strong cytotoxic effect, these agents are typically associated with low water solubility, low stability, and poor tumor selectivity. To overcome these limitations, herein, we report on the encapsulation of a promising Cu(II) terpyridine complex with the Pluronic F‐127/Poloxamer‐407 polymeric carrier into nanoparticles. Besides overcoming the pharmacological drawbacks, the nanoparticles were able to eradicate human breast adenocarcinoma monolayer cells as well as challenging multicellular tumor spheroids at nanomolar concentrations.
Randomized Pilot Trial of Pre‐ and Postoperative Heart Failure Nurse‐Supported Care in Heart Failure Patients Requiring Noncardiac Surgery—Feasibility and Results
Authors: Herrmann Ester J. , Raghavan Badrinarayanan , Tekeste Meaza , Mantzsch Kathleen , Meybohm Patrick , Assmus Birgit 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe perioperative cardiovascular management of patients undergoing noncardiac surgery is particularly challenging in those with pre‐existing heart failure (HF). This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of nurse‐based pre‐ and postoperative specialized HF management in reducing postoperative HF‐associated complications in patients with known HF undergoing noncardiac surgery.MethodsThis prospective, randomized pilot study included patients with established HF requiring intermediate‐ to high‐risk noncardiac surgery. Patients received postoperatively either standard care (control group, CG) or nurse‐supported HF management (intervention group, IG). The primary endpoint was a composite of HF‐related postoperative complications at 30 days. Secondary endpoints included length on intensive care unit, length of hospital stay, death, hospitalization for HF, and quality of life assessment using the SF‐12 questionnaire.ResultsThe trial was halted prematurely for futility. A total of 34 patients (median age 70.5 [IQR 67–75] years; with 15 HfpEF, 9 HfmrEF,10 HfrEF), with an average NT‐proBNP of 1.413 [463–2.832] pg/mL were included. The IG had a lower rate of postoperative primary events (25%; n = 4) compared with the CG (33%; n = 6). There were no differences in secondary endpoints between the groups. Quality‐of‐life scores improved slightly in both groups (δ 5.6 ± 0.9 [CG] and 3.1 ± 1.2 [IG]).ConclusionNurse‐based pre‐ and postoperative HF care appears to be feasible and may reduce HF‐associated complications in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery. Larger clinical trials are needed to further evaluate the effectiveness of this approach in reducing postoperative complications in this high‐risk patient population.
Application requirements and design strategies of Bi2Te3‐based thermoelectric devices for low‐quality thermal energy
Authors: Liu Kai , Li Yu‐Zheng , Wu Yun‐Xiao , Ying Ping‐Jun , He Ran , Fu Chen‐Guang , Zhang Yu , Zhu Tie‐Jun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBismuth telluride‐based devices are capable of converting low‐quality thermal energy into electrical power via the Seebeck effect. This transformative process not only extends the spectrum of energy utilization but also significantly amplifies energy efficiency. This review serves as a comprehensive guide, elucidating the intricate design considerations essential for optimizing bismuth telluride‐based devices in both electrical and structural design. By exploring various application scenarios, it identifies critical parameters crucial for device effectiveness. Furthermore, the current landscape of thermoelectric (TE) devices is meticulously analyzed, synthesizing their developmental trajectory and contrasting it with stringent design requirements. Through this comprehensive analysis, it pinpoints key challenges that impede the maximal performance of existing TE devices. Envisioning the trajectory of bismuth telluride‐based TE materials, this review makes projections regarding their future application trends. Traversing through contemporary mechanisms and technologies, it offers practical solutions and potential avenues aimed at enhancing the efficiency of TE devices. Ultimately, this discourse endeavors to provide invaluable insights, furnishing a roadmap for the advancement and refinement of TE devices in the years ahead. By proposing feasible solutions and charting plausible directions, it aspires to stimulate innovation and drive transformative progress in the domain of TE materials and science.
Copper oxide foam with high specific surface area for electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to C2+ products
Authors: Feng Yan‐Xia , Hao Jian , Zhu Song , Zhang Bai‐Wen , Chen Yan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR) for the synthesis of high‐energy‐density and high‐value multi‐carbon (C2+) products has demonstrated considerable potential for practical applications. In this work, we design a novel copper oxide foam (OD‐Cu foam) catalyst through a high‐temperature calcination process, characterized by a substantial specific surface area. The distinctive three‐dimensional structure of the OD‐Cu foam catalyst and the metal oxide particles covered on its surface provide abundant active sites. The total Faradaic efficiency of 57.3% for C2+ products over the OD‐Cu foam is achieved at −0.85 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE). Furthermore, the partial current density for C2+ products over the OD‐Cu foam reaches 44.1 mA cm−2 at −0.95 V versus RHE, surpassing significantly that both of Cu foam (3.4 mA cm−2) and copper oxide foil (OD‐Cu foil) (1.6 mA cm−2). In addition, the integrated structure of the OD‐Cu foam, which does not require complex preparation processes, facilitates its application in CO2RR. These results underscore the significance of three‐dimensional structure and high specific surface area, emphasizing the considerable potential of this catalyst for effective and sustainable CO2 conversion.
A many‐objective evolutionary algorithm based on bi‐direction fusion niche dominance
Authors: Wei Li‐sen , Li Er‐chao 
Published: June 2024

SummaryAlthough some many‐objective optimization algorithms (MaOEAs) have been proposed recently, Pareto dominance‐based MaOEAs still cannot effectively balance convergence and diversity in solving many objective optimization problems (MaOPs) due to insufficient selection pressure. To address this problem, a bi‐directional fusion niche domination is proposed. This method merges the strengths of cone and parallel decomposition directions in comparing dominations for nondominance stratification within the candidate population, augmenting the selection pressure of population. Subsequently, the crowding distance is introduced as an additional selection criterion to further refine the selection of nondominated individuals within the critical layer. Lastly, a MaOEA based on bi‐directional fusion niche dominance (MaOEA/BnD) is proposed, utilizing bi‐directional fusion niche dominance and crowding distance as important components of environmental selection. The performance of MaOEA/BnD was compared with five representative MaOEAs in 20 benchmark problems. Experimental results demonstrate that MaOEA/BnD effectively balances convergence and diversity when handling MaOPs with complex Pareto fronts.
Optimizing pool mining performance: A VIKOR‐based model for identifying reputed miners in blockchain networks
Authors: Puppala Naga Sravanthi , Manoharan R. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBlockchain networks continue to gain attraction in cutting‐edge applications and mining within these networks has become increasingly popular. To get rewards, miners solve cryptographic puzzles and add new blocks to blockchain networks using the proof‐of‐work (PoW) consensus mechanism. Numerous miners opt to participate in mining pools due to the challenges of solo mining. However, selecting reputed miners for pool mining poses a significant challenge, given the decentralized nature of the blockchain system. This paper addresses this challenge by introducing a new ranking model that evaluates miners' performance and reputation through trust scores. It provides a method for optimizing pool mining performance by identifying highly reputed miners within mining pools, enhancing overall pool profitability. This endeavor necessitates the development of ranking algorithms tailored to the unique dynamics of mining pools. The research offers a meticulously designed ranking model that identifies reputed miners. We extensively evaluate the proposed model using the hyperledger blockchain framework, guaranteeing strong performance across vital metrics like block authorization time, Processing time, block creation time, validation time, and confirmation time.
Synthesis and analytical characterization of 1‐(2‐thienoyl)‐6‐allyl‐nor‐d‐lysergic acid diethylamide (1T‐AL‐LAD)
Authors: Okada Yuki , Segawa Hiroki , Yamamuro Tadashi , Kuwayama Kenji , Tsujikawa Kenji , Kanamori Tatsuyuki , Iwata Yuko T. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) analogs have emerged as new psychoactive substances (NPS) since the mid‐2010s, and new compounds continue to emerge for recreational use. Since the end of 2023, “1D‐AL‐LAD” appeared on X (formerly Twitter) and other websites. As for the compound “1D‐LSD” (which also has “1D” in the name), several studies show that the ingredient of seized blotter paper printed “1D‐LSD” was actually 1‐(2‐thienoyl)‐LSD (1T‐LSD). However, there are no reports of seizures of 1‐(1,2‐dimethylcyclobutanecarbonyl)‐LSD (1D‐LSD). Accordingly, it was considered that all or at least a certain percentage of “1D‐AL‐LAD (1‐(1,2‐dimethylcyclobutanecarbonyl)‐6‐allyl‐nor‐LSD)” is actually 1‐(2‐thienoyl)‐6‐allyl‐nor‐LSD (1T‐AL‐LAD). This compound is handled by a number of distributors as of April 2024; therefore, it should be characterized in advance if seized. In this study, 1T‐AL‐LAD was synthesized and characterized using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Fourier transform‐infrared spectroscopy, liquid chromatography/high‐resolution mass spectrometry (LC/HRMS) and gas chromatography/MS (GC/MS). This compound was easily distinguished from previously reported lysergamides. There were some differences in the detectability of 1T‐AL‐LAD compared with other lysergamides using GC/MS and the fragmentation patterns in LC/HRMS. These differences can be reasonably explained. This information will be of help to determine this substance in seized materials should it emerge on the market.
Geographical variation in patient characteristics and outcomes in heart failure with mildly reduced and preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Yang Mingming , Kondo Toru , Jhund Pardeep S. , Alcocer‐Gamba Marco Antonio , Borleffs C. Jan Willem , Chiang Chern‐En , Comin‐Colet Josep , Desai Akshay S. , Dobreanu Dan , Drożdż Jarosław , Han Yaling , Janssens Stefan P. , Katova Tzvetana , Kosiborod Mikhail N. , Lam Carolyn S.P. , Merkely Béla , Pham Vinh Nguyen , Thierer Jorge , Vaduganathan Muthiah , Verma Subodh , Solomon Scott D. , McMurray John J.V. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimsCompared to heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), and HF with mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF) are increasing in prevalence, yet little is known about the geographic variation in patient characteristics, treatments and outcomes among these two HF phenotypes. The aim of this study was to investigate geographic differences in HFpEF and HFmrEF.Methods and resultsWe conducted an individual patient analysis of five clinical trials enrolling patients with HFpEF or HFmrEF from North America (NA), Latin America (LA), Western Europe (WE), Central/Eastern Europe and Russia (CEER), and Asia‐Pacific (AP). We compared regions using descriptive statistics and multivariable regression models. Among the 19 959 patients included, 4066 (23.1%) had HFmrEF and 15 353 (76.9%) HFpEF. Regardless of HF phenotype, patients from WE were oldest, and those in CEER youngest. LA had the largest portion of females and NA most black patients. Obesity and diabetes were most prevalent in NA and hypertension and coronary heart disease most common in CEER. Self‐reported health status varied strikingly and was the worst in NA and best in AP. Among patients with HFmrEF, rates of the primary composite endpoint (cardiovascular death or HF hospitalization) were: NA 12.56 per 100 patient‐years (/100py), AP 11.67/100py, CEER 10.12/100py, LA 8.90/100py, and WE 8.43/100py, driven by differences in the rate of HF hospitalization. The corresponding values in HFpEF were 11.47/100py, 7.80/100py, 5.47/100py, 5.92/100py, and 7.80/100py, respectively.ConclusionsThere is substantial geographic variation in patient characteristics, treatment and outcomes among patients with HFpEF and HFmrEF. These findings have implications for interpretation and generalizability of trial results, design and conduct of future trials, and optimization of care for these patients.
MDSCs are important osteoclast precursors primed by B cells in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Wang Ping , Xu Liling , Bai Mingxin , Zheng Xi , Song Jing , Xie Yang , Jia Yuan , Ye Hua , Li Zhanguo , Su Yin , Hu Fanlei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOsteoclast‐mediated bone erosion and deformation represent significant pathological features in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and B cells have emerged as key contributors to the progression of RA. Nevertheless, their involvement, especially the interaction in RA osteoclastogenesis remains elusive. In this study, our results revealed a marked expansion of MDSCs in RA patients, and importantly, their abundance was positively correlated with radiographic damage evaluated by the Sharp/van der Heijde score. Notably, MDSCs derived from both RA patients and arthritic mice exhibited a heightened propensity to differentiate into osteoclasts compared with those from healthy individuals. Intriguingly, we observed that B cells from RA patients could augment the osteoclastogenic potential of MDSCs, which was also observed in arthritic mice. The impact of B cells on MDSC‐mediated osteoclastogenesis was found to be most pronounced in switched memory B cells, followed by CD21low B cells and naïve B cells. MDSCs from B‐cell‐deficient mice exhibited diminished capacity to differentiate into osteoclasts, accompanied by distinct gene expression profiles associated with osteoclastogenesis. Taken together, our findings suggested that MDSCs were important osteoclast precursors primed by B cells in RA, serving as novel therapeutic targets for the persistent disease.
An overview of probiotic camel milk as a nutritional beverage: Challenges and perspectives
Authors: Ansari Fereshteh , Pourjafar Hadi , Samakkhah Shohreh Alian , Mirzakhani Esmaeel 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThere are challenges such as standardization for commercialization and guaranteeing sensory characteristics in camel milk processing. This review gathers a general view of the probiotic camel milk, its contents, its health aspects, and its industrial production. One of the potential candidates of a healthy food product is “probiotic camel milk” which contains several nutritional elements including Lactic acid bacteria and Bifidobacteria and postbiotics such as endopolysaccharides, exopolysaccharides, numerous beneficial enzymes, short‐chain fatty acids, teichoic acids, peptides, peptidoglycan‐derived neuropeptides, cell surface proteins, different vitamins, plasmalogens, and different kinds of organic acids. It should also be considered that camel milk generally has some advantages over cow milk like its health‐beneficial antidiabetic, hypoallergenic, and anticancer properties. As a result, it is gaining much attention from both consumers and manufacturers, and the global probiotic market trend is growing. Although there are obstacles in standardizing processing techniques and maintaining sensory excellence, the health benefits, economic prospects, and adaptability of camel milk and its probiotic variations create a promising avenue for continued research and advancement. Therefore, developing standardized processing techniques and sensory evaluation methods for probiotic camel milk can unlock its full potential as a nutritious beverage, offering a promising solution for consumers seeking healthy and functional food products.
Discovery and Accurate Detection of Rare Nucleic Acid Modifications
Authors: Luo Ru‐Jia , Chen Hong‐Xuan , Kong Jin‐Wen , Zhang Zhang , Ayoub Nabieh , Luo Guan‐Zheng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNucleic acid modifications play essential roles in diverse biological processes, ranging from gene expression regulation to stress response. While traditional research focused on common modifications like methylation, recent discoveries are unveiling a wide range of rare modifications with potentially crucial functions. However, accurately detecting and mapping these modifications pose significant challenges due to their low abundance and diverse chemical properties. This article summarizes the recent discoveries of rare DNA and RNA modifications across various organisms, highlighting their potential biological significance. Furthermore, it critically evaluates the limitations of current mapping techniques, including potential sources of false positives and negatives. Finally, the article discusses emerging strategies for overcoming these challenges and future opportunities in the field of rare nucleic acid modification detection.