bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nuclear characteristics of the endometrial cytology: Liquid‐based versus conventional preparation
Authors: Norimatsu Yoshiaki , Shigematsu Yumie , Sakamoto Shingo , Ohsaki Hiroyuki , Yanoh Kenji , Kawanishi Namiki , Kobayashi Tadao K. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe aim of this study was to assess the utility of liquid‐based cytologic preparation (LP) compared with conventional preparation (CP) for the assessment of nuclear findings in endometrial glandular and stromal breakdown (EGBD) which may be misdiagnosed as carcinoma in EGBD cases. The material consists of cytologic smears including 20 cases of proliferative endometrium (PE), 20 cases of EGBD, and 20 cases of endometrioid adenocarcinoma grade1 (G1) for which histopathological diagnosis was obtained by endometrial curettage at the JA Suzuka General Hospital. Nuclear findings were examined in PE cells, EGBD‐stromal cells, EGBD‐metaplastic cells, and G1 cells, respectively. It was examined about the following items; (1) nuclear shape; (2) A long/minor axis ratio in cell nuclei; (3) an area of cell nuclei; (4) overlapping nuclei. Results are as follows: (1) nuclear shape; as for the reniform shape of EGBD‐stromal cells and spindle shape of EGBD‐metaplastic cells, the ratio of the LP method was a higher value than the CP method. (2) The long axis and area of cell nuclei; LP in all groups was a recognizable tendency for nuclear shrinkage. (3) The long/minor axis ratio in cell nuclei; only EGBD‐metaplastic cells recognize a significant difference between CP and LP. (4) Overlapping nuclei; LP was a higher value in comparison with CP in the other groups except PE cells, and the degree of overlapping nuclei was enhanced about three times. Therefore, although a cell of LP has a shrinking tendency, (1) it is excellent that LP preserves a characteristic of nuclear shape than CP; (2) a cellular characteristic becomes clearer, because three‐dimensional architecture of LP is preserved of than CP. As for the standard preparation method for endometrial cytology samples, we considered that a concrete introduction of the LP method poses no problems. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2013. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc
Fungal contamination of Hanks solution
Authors: Henwood Anthony 
Published: September 2011

AbstractLaboratory contamination of clinical specimens submitted for cytological examination is an on‐going threat that requires continuous vigilance and quality control. We recently were confronted with a suspected fungal infection in a bone aspirate that was found to derive from contaminated Hanks solution used in cytological preparation. Diff‐Quik staining of air‐dried cytocentrifuged preparations of Hanks fluid as well as any other suspect laboratory fluid is recommended as a routine quality control procedure. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2013. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Regulation of spinal interneuron differentiation by the paracrine action of glycine
Authors: Côté Sebastien , Drapeau Pierre 
Published: September 2011

AbstractGlycine and γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) are depolarizing during early development but the purpose is unclear. We tested the effect of altering glycine signaling in zebrafish embryos by overexpressing the potassium‐chloride co‐transporter type 2 (KCC2) to reverse the chloride gradient or by blocking glycine receptors with strychnine or by selectively knocking down the embryonic glycine receptor (GlyR KD). Using a variety of markers we observed in all three cases a reduction of all types of spinal interneuron populations examined, indicating that glycine modulates their overall differentiation rather than choice of cell fate. Other cell populations (motor, sensory, and glial cells) were unaffected. As glycine appeared to act preceding neural and synaptic development, we examined the bandoneon (beo) mutant in which glycine receptors are functional but not clustered at synapses. Neural populations in beo embryos appeared normal, suggesting a paracrine action of circulating glycine in promoting interneuron differentiation. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 72: 208–214, 2012
Generation of mice with a conditional allele for the transforming growth factor beta3 gene
Authors: Doetschman Thomas , Georgieva Teodora , Li Hongqi , Reed Thomas D. , Grisham Christina , Friel Jacqueline , Estabrook Mark A. , Gard Connie , Sanford L.P. , Azhar Mohamad 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) pathway is involved in embryonic development and several inherited and acquired human diseases. The gene for TGFβ3 (Tgfb3) encodes one of the three ligands for TGFβ receptors. It is widely expressed in the embryo and its mutation or misexpression is found in human diseases. Tgfb3−/− mice die at birth from cleft palate, precluding functional studies in adults. Here, we generated mice in which exon 6 of Tgfb3 was flanked with LoxP sites (Tgfb3flox/flox). The adult mice were normal and fertile. EIIa‐Cre‐mediated deletion of exon 6 in Tgfb3flox/flox mice efficiently generated Tgfb3 conditional knockout (Tgfb3cko/cko) mice which died at birth from the same cleft palate defect as Tgfb3−/− mice, indicating that the conditional and knockout alleles are functionally equivalent. This Tgfb3cko allele will now enable studies of TGFβ3 function in different cell or tissue types in embryonic development and during adulthood. genesis 50:59–66, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Signaling and gene regulatory programs in plant vascular stem cells
Authors: Zhou Jing , Sebastian Jose , Lee Ji‐Young 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA key question about the development of multicellular organisms is how they precisely control the complex pattern formation during their growth. For plants to grow for many years, a tight balance between pluripotent dividing cells and cells undergoing differentiation should be maintained within stem cell populations. In this process, cell–cell communication plays a central role by creating positional information for proper cell type patterning. Cell‐type specific gene regulatory networks govern differentiation of cells into particular cell types. In this review, we will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging key signaling and regulatory programs in the stem cell population that direct morphogenesis of plant vascular tissues. genesis 49:885–904, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Are eating disorders a significant clinical issue in urban India? a survey among psychiatrists in Bangalore
Authors: Chandra Prabha S. , Abbas Sarvath , Palmer Robert 
Published: September 2011

AbstractObjective:It is believed that cultural changes such as urbanization and westernization can lead to increasing rates of eating disorders (EDs). A survey was conducted among psychiatrists in Bangalore, India to assess whether they were seeing more cases of ED in the last year.Method:Contact details of all psychiatrists in urban Bangalore were obtained from the directory of the local psychiatric society. These psychiatrists were contacted by telephone, email, or in person. A brief proforma was used to record information about the number and nature of eating disorders they had seen in their practice in the last one year.Results:Sixty‐six psychiatrists took part in the study. Thirty‐eight (56%) were in private practice and 28 (42%) in teaching hospitals. 45 (67%), reported having seen patients with eating disorders in the last year. The total number of cases seen was 74. Of these, 32 were diagnosed as anorexia nervosa (AN), 12 as bulimia nervosa (BN), and 30 as eating disorders not otherwise specified (EDNOS). Sixteen (23.5%) respondents were of the opinion that EDs were increasing in Bangalore, 18 (26.5%) felt the rates were stable and 28 (42%) were not sure.Discussion:Two‐thirds of psychiatrists reported seeing at least one case of ED indicating that EDs are not uncommon in urban India. Epidemiological studies of EDs in India are needed to provide better estimates of their prevalence. © 2011 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int Eat Disord 2012;)
A case of anorexia nervosa with disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome
Authors: Haruta Izumi , Asakawa Akihiro , Ogiso Kazuma , Amitani Haruka , Amitani Marie , Tsai Minglun , Hamada Satoshi , Inui Akio 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA 36‐year‐old Japanese woman with anorexia nervosa (AN) was admitted to our department because of severe emaciation. Although we were thorough in her clinical management and were careful to avoid precipitating refeeding syndrome, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) developed 3 weeks after hospitalization. We treated her for DIC with sepsis using anticoagulants, protease inhibitors, antithrombin, and platelet concentrate transfusion. To treat her bacterial infection, we administered antimicrobial drugs and immunoglobulin. We began probiotic and prebiotic (synbiotics) treatment for bacterial translocation. We think that the prevention of sepsis via bacterial translocation is an important aspect of care for patients with severe AN in addition to the prevention of refeeding syndrome. © 2011 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2012)
An examination of the food addiction construct in obese patients with binge eating disorder
Authors: Gearhardt Ashley N. , White Marney A. , Masheb Robin M. , Morgan Peter T. , Crosby Ross D. , Grilo Carlos M. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractObjective:This study examined the psychometric properties of the Yale food addiction scale (YFAS) in obese patients with binge eating disorder (BED) and explored its association with measures of eating disorder and associated psychopathology.Method:Eighty‐one obese treatment‐seeking BED patients were given the YFAS, structured interviews to assess psychiatric disorders and eating disorder psychopathology, and other pathology measures.Results:Confirmatory factor analysis revealed a one‐factor solution with an excellent fit. Classification of “food addiction” was met by 57% of BED patients. Patients classified as meeting YFAS “food addiction” criteria had significantly higher levels of depression, negative affect, emotion dysregulation, eating disorder psychopathology, and lower self‐esteem. YFAS scores were also significant predictors of binge eating frequency above and beyond other measures.Discussion:The subset of BED patients classified as having YFAS “food addiction” appear to represent a more disturbed variant characterized by greater eating disorder psychopathology and associated pathology. © 2011 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2011)
Oleum and Sulfuric Acid as Reaction Media: Structural Features and Thermal Behavior of RE2[W2O3(SO4)6] (RE = Sm–Gd, Ho), RE2Nb2O2(SO4)3[H(SO4)2]2 (RE = Y, Ce–Nd, Sm–Er), Sm2Nb2O2(SO4)5(S2O7), and M2Nb4O5(SO4)8 (M = Bi, Eu)
Authors: Betke Ulf , Wickleder Mathias S. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe first examples of ternary sulfates containing refractory metals and trivalent ions of the rare‐earth group and bismuth were prepared by solvothermal synthesis from H2SO4/SO3 mixtures. The tungsten compounds RE2[W2O3(SO4)6] (RE = Sm–Gd, Ho) were obtained by the reaction of WOCl4 and RE2O3 in oleum (25 % SO3). They crystallize in the monoclinic space group C2/c and contain the unique [W2O3(SO4)6]6– anion. Thermal decomposition leads to the oxides RE2O(WO4)2. Tetragonal rare‐earth–niobium sulfates of the type RE2Nb2O2(SO4)3[H(SO4)2]2 (RE = Y, Ce–Nd, Sm–Er) (space group P$\bar {4}$21m) were synthesised from NbCl5 and RE2O3 in 100 % H2SO4. They contain [O3SO···H···OSO3]3– ions featuring a strong hydrogen bond and form a polymeric structure with niobium in an octahedral coordination and the rare‐earth ion is surrounded by eight [SO4] tetrahedra in the form of a square antiprism. The decomposition temperature of RE2Nb2O2(SO4)3[H(SO4)2]2 depends on the size of the respective rare‐earth ion with a maximum in thermal stability found for RE = Sm–Gd (≈550 °C). The reaction of NbCl5 and Sm(NO3)3·6H2O in oleum (25 % SO3) yielded Sm2Nb2O2(SO4)5(S2O7), which is a possible intermediate of the thermal decomposition of Sm2Nb2O2(SO4)3[H(SO4)2]2. It crystallizes in the monoclinic space group I2/a and contains 2∞[NbO(SO4)2/2(SO4)3/3] layers connected by 2∞[Sm(SO4)2/4(S2O7)2/4] units to a polymeric structure. Reaction of NbCl5 with (BiO)2CO3 or Eu2O3 in 95 % H2SO4 yielded M2Nb4O5(SO4)8 (M = Bi, Eu, monoclinic, space group C2/c). These compounds contain the unprecedented [M2Nb4O5]16+ cluster cation and decompose into MNbO4 and Nb2O5 on heating.
Waste rapeseed oil as a substrate for medium‐chain‐length polyhydroxyalkanoates production
Authors: Możejko Justyna , Przybyłek Grzegorz , Ciesielski Slawomir 
Published: September 2011

AbstractMedium‐chain‐length polyhydroxyalkanoates (mcl‐PHAs) are biodegradable, biocompatible polyesters produced by many bacteria as intracellular storage compounds of energy and carbon. They have gained great attention as a new green alternative to petrochemical plastic such as polypropylene. The present study was focused on mcl‐PHA production by two Pseudomonas strains (Gl01 and Gl06). To make this process more economical, waste rapeseed oil was used as a carbon source. The levels of PHAs synthesized by Pseudomonas sp. Gl01 strain and Gl06 strain were 21.0%, and 19.3% of CDW, respectively. The polyester accumulation increased until nitrogen and oxygen were depleted from the medium. Reverse transcription real‐time PCR approach was applied to quantitatively evaluate phaC1, phaC2, and phaZ gene expression. A positive correlation was found between the cellular PHA content and the gene expression of the PHA synthases. The transcriptional analysis revealed that the phaC1 and phaZ genes could be co‐transcribed. The overexpressed phaC2 gene was only observed in the Gl06 strain. The monomeric composition of the obtained mcl‐PHA was dependent on the strain: 3‐hydroxyoctanoic acid (3HO) and 3‐hydroxydecanoic acid (3HD) were dominant in strain Gl01, whereas 3‐hydroxyhexanoic (3HHx) was present in significant amounts in strain Gl06.Practical applications: This article presents the procedure of medium‐chain‐length polyhydroxyalkanoates (mcl‐PHAs) synthesis by the Pseudomonas Gl01 and Gl06 strains from waste rapeseed oil as a feedstock. Beside the microbial production of these environmentally friendly plastics, this approach also represents a new way of utilizing waste oils. The knowledge of the key enzymes involved in mcl‐PHAs accumulation is necessary in order to understand the mechanisms of their synthesis, and to use them effectively in biotechnological applications.
Valence Isomerization between Diazo Compounds and Diazirines
Authors: Korneev Sergei M. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractDiazo compounds and diazirines have been separately studied in detail and are widely used in research and for applied purposes. Although the mutual isomerization of these compounds was discovered 50 years ago, it has still been only modestly investigated. Meanwhile, this type of mutual transformation has to be taken into account on every occasion when one of these compounds is used or investigated. This review discusses all main cases of mutual isomerization between diazo compounds and diazirines with the goal of providing an impulse for its rational application, as well as describing the isomerism.
Total Synthesis of (+)‐7,11‐Helianane and (+)‐5‐Chloro‐7,11‐helianane through Stereoselective Aromatic Claisen Rearrangement
Authors: Quartieri Francesca , Mesiano Laura Elisabetta , Borghi Daniela , Desperati Viviana , Gennari Cesare , Papeo Gianluca 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe aromatic bisabolene sesquiterpene of marine origin (+)‐7,11‐helianane (1) and its moderately cytotoxic halogenated relative (+)‐5‐chloro‐7,11‐helianane (3) have been synthesized by a concise, stereoselective route. By capitalizing on a palladium‐catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylation (Pd‐AAA) reaction, followed by a thermal (uncatalyzed) aromatic Claisen rearrangement, which allowed for the installation of the required benzylic stereocenter, the aforementioned natural products were secured in 80 % ee, with almost complete transfer of stereochemical information during the [3,3] sigmatropic process. The enantioselective total synthesis confirmed the recently proved (S) absolute configuration for (+)‐7,11‐helianane (1) and demonstrated the same configuration, for the first time, in the case of (+)‐5‐chloro‐7,11‐helianane (3).
Effect of Surfactant Structure on Carbon Nanotube Sidewall Adsorption
Authors: Di Crescenzo Antonello , Germani Raimondo , Del Canto Elisa , Giordani Silvia , Savelli Gianfranco , Fontana Antonella 
Published: September 2011

AbstractOne conventional and two related gemini surfactants have been used for the preparation of stable single‐walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) aqueous dispersions. The surfactants investigated are able to disperse SWNTs at surfactant/carbon nanotube weight ratios far lower than widely used conventional surfactants. The gemini surfactants investigated demonstrated the ability to solubilize a larger amount of SWNTs with respect to the related single‐tailed surfactant at concentrations far lower than their critical micellar concentrations. Their selectivity towards semiconducting SWNTs with large diameters was inferred from radial breathing mode Raman data.
Tetrathiaheterohelicene Phosphanes as Helical‐Shaped Chiral Ligands for Catalysis
Authors: Monteforte Marco , Cauteruccio Silvia , Maiorana Stefano , Benincori Tiziana , Forni Alessandra , Raimondi Laura , Graiff Claudia , Tiripicchio Antonio , Stephenson G. Richard , Licandro Emanuela 
Published: September 2011

AbstractTetrathia[7]helicene‐based phosphanes thiaheliphos (2a), nPr‐thiaheliphos (2b) and di‐nPr‐thiaheliphos (2c) have been prepared from the 2,13‐dilithio derivatives of thiahelicenes 1a–c by reaction with an excess of Ph2PCl. Protection of the air‐sensitive products as BH3 adducts, from which the phosphanes 2a–c are easily regenerated on heating with ethanol, is described. New rhodium(I) complexes 8 and 9 were obtained by reaction of 2c with [Rh(COD)2]+[BF4]– and [BARF]–,respectively, which were converted by oxidation into thechelating phosphane–phosphane oxide RhI complexes 10 and 11. The monophosphane 5 was similarly prepared, and reaction of the dilithio species with ClP(O)(OEt)2 gave the diphosphonate 17, which was characterized by X‐ray crystallography. Comparison of data from DFT calculations (B3LYP/SVP) on 2c, 8 and 10 and X‐ray data for 17 reveals a strong tension within the thiaheliphos ligands that is partially relaxed by increasing the Rh–P distances and the bite angle of the chelating ligand. Compound (P)‐(+)‐1c, obtained by chromatographic resolution, was transformed into optically pure (P)‐(+)‐2c, which was used in the asymmetric hydrogenation of itaconic acid ester and methyl 2‐acetamidoacrylate (product ees up to 40 %).
Regio‐ and Stereocontrolled Synthesis of (Z)‐α‐(Phenylseleno)sulfinyl and ‐sulfonyl Alkenes via Sulfenic Acids, and a Study of their Reactivity
Authors: Aversa Maria Chiara , Barattucci Anna , Bonaccorsi Paola , Temperini Andrea 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA general procedure for the synthesis of α‐(phenylseleno)sulfinyl and ‐sulfonyl alkenes has been described. 1‐(Phenylseleno)ethenyl sulfoxides were prepared by the syn‐addition of in situ‐generated sulfenic acids on to the triple bond of suitably substituted (phenylseleno)acetylenes. 1‐(Phenylseleninyl)ethenyl sulfones were obtained by further oxidation of their sulfinyl analogues. The mild conditions of the sulfenic acid/(phenylseleno)alkyne syn‐addition and its stereospecificity and regioselectivity allowed us to obtain electron‐poor alkenes with a well defined stereochemistry and sensitive substituents at the double bond. Chiral (Z)‐1‐[(2,3,4,6‐tetra‐O‐acetyl‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl)sulfinyl]‐1‐(phenylseleno)‐1‐hexene was also obtained via the enantiopure2,3,4,6‐tetra‐O‐acetylglucosulfenic acid. The reactivity of α‐(phenylseleninyl)sulfinyl and ‐sulfonyl alkenes has been evaluated in nucleophilic additions to the electron‐poor double bond, conducted with hard nucleophiles such as piperidine and phenol.
The Effect of the Cation π‐Surface Area on the 3D Organization and Catalytic Ability of Imidazolium‐Based Ionic Liquids
Authors: D'Anna Francesca , Marullo Salvatore , Vitale Paola , Noto Renato 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe dichotomic nature of ionic liquids (ILs, simple solvents or supramolecular fluids) induced us to carry out a structural investigation of some mono‐ and dicationic ionic liquids using 1D and 2D NMR, resonance light scattering, and UV/Vis spectroscopy. Ionic liquids with different cation π‐surface areas were used, namely [bmim][NTf2], [Bzmim][NTf2], [Bzbim][NTf2], [p‐Xyl‐(bim)2][NTf2]2, and [m‐Xyl‐(bim)2][NTf2]2 [bmim = 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium, Bzmim = 1‐benzyl‐3‐methylimidazolium, Bzbim = 1‐benzyl‐3‐butylimidazolium, NTf2 = bis(trifluoromethansulfonyl)imide]. In order to verify to what extent the structural investigation, coupled with the determination of solvent parameters, could help to rationalize the effects of the solvent media on a given reaction, the thermally induced mononuclear rearrangement of heterocycles was studied. Variation of the cation structure has significant repercussions on the 3D structure of the ILs and on the effect they can exert on a given reaction.
Synthesis of Pyridin‐2(1H)‐one Derivatives: Temperature‐Dependent Selectivity
Authors: Chikhalikar Sandip , Bhawe Vijay , Jachak Madhukar , Ghagare Maruti 
Published: September 2011

AbstractTwo alternative methods for the synthesis of biologically important pyridin‐2(1H)‐one derivatives have been developed. The behavior of enamine 1 with aromatic amines in an aqueous solution of HCl resulted in the formation of substituted enamines 2a–f at ambient temperature. The obtained product enamines 2a–f, upon treatment with 2,2,6‐trimethyl‐4H‐1,3‐dioxin‐4‐one, generated pyridin‐2(1H)‐one derivatives 5a–f along with the unwanted side products 8a–f. However, the exclusive formation of pyridin‐2(1H)‐one derivatives 5a–f was achieved when starting from β‐enaminones 3a–f, which were synthesized successfully from enamine 1 and aromatic amines at elevated temperatures.
Amino Surface‐Functionalized Tris(calix[4]arene) Dendrons with Rigid C3‐Symmetric Propeller Cores
Authors: Gattuso Giuseppe , Grasso Giulia , Marino Nino , Notti Anna , Pappalardo Andrea , Pappalardo Sebastiano , Parisi Melchiorre F. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractDendrons composed of three functionalized cone calix[4]arene substructures covalently bound to rigid C3‐symmetric tris‐anilino cores through amide linkages have been obtained by a divergent synthetic protocol involving the coupling of p‐nitrocalix[4]arene butanoic acid 9 with tris(4‐aminophenyl)amine (TAPA), 1,3,5‐tris(4‐aminophenyl)benzene (TAPB), and 2,4,6‐tris(4‐aminophenyl)‐s‐triazine (TAPT). Two different amidation procedures were used to generate the dodecanitro intermediates (through activation of acid 9 with PyBOP catalyst or transformation into its acid chloride). The final reduction to the title dodecaamino dendrons was smoothly carried out with H2 and Raney‐Ni catalyst.