bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of dynamic factors in weight-bearing position on the pathogenesis of medial patellofemoral joint cartilage injuries - a radiological in vivo study
Authors: Li Min , Kang Huijun , Han Ruixue , Wei Tianyang , Liu Yingjie , Wang Fei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to prospectively compare the changes in the anterior patellofemoral(PF) alignment in the 30°, 60°, and 90° positions of knee flexion in non-weight-bearing and weight-bearing states to understand the pattern of PF joint motion and the causes of medial PF cartilage injury.
Methods
22 young volunteers were recruited to participate in this study. PF axial radiographs of the right knee were taken in the prone and standing positions at 30°, 60°, and 90° of knee flexion, and the patellar tilt angle(PTA), Congruence Angle(CA), medial and lateral PF joint space width, patellofemoral index(PI), and patellar shift(PS) were measured. Statistical methods used were paired t-tests, One-Way ANOVA, and chi-square tests were used to prospectively compare the changes in PF joint alignment parameters between the non-weight-bearing and weight-bearing states in the prone and standing positions.
Results
There was a significant difference in the anterior alignment of the PF joint between the weight-bearing and non-weight-bearing positions at 30°, 60°, and 90° of knee flexion. The PTA was significantly smaller in the weight-bearing position than in the non-weight-bearing position, and the larger the knee flexion angle, the smaller the PTA. The patella was significantly displaced medially at 30°, 60°, and 90° of knee flexion in the weight-bearing position compared with the non-weight-bearing position. The PI was smaller in the weight-bearing than in the non-weight-bearing position at 60° and 90° of knee flexion, and the difference was statistically significant. In the same knee joint with 30°, 60°, and 90° of knee flexion, the number of knees with PI less than 1 with < 2 positions of knee flexion(30°, 60°, and 90° ) was 15 (68.2%) in the non-weight-bearing position compared with 5 (22.7%) in the weight-bearing position, and the number of knees with PI less than 1 with ≥ 2 positions of knee flexion(30°, 60°, and 90° ) was 7 (31.8%) in the non-weight-bearing position compared with 17 (77.3%) in the weight-bearing position; the difference was statistically significant.
Conclusion
The alignment pattern of the PF joint during dynamic activity in the weight-bearing position reflects the possibility that the medial PF compartment has hyperpressure and is responsible for the high incidence of medial PF cartilage injuries and the development of osteoarthritis(OA) of the medial PF compartment.
Study on the adsorption performance of manganese dioxide loaded modified biochar composite materials for cadmium ions (Ⅱ) in solution
Authors: Wang Hui , Wang Anqi , Ji Jiangtao , Zhang Xiaohua , Wang Yujie , Zhang Wenxuan , Wang Yijia , Wang Hanyu , Song Yang , Liu Qiaolin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The manganese dioxide loaded peanut shell activated carbon composite material (MnO2-AC) was prepared by coprecipitation method using peanut shell and natural graphite as raw materials. The response surface methodology (RSM) was used to screen the optimal preparation condition for AC (carbon alkali ratio 2:3, time 5h, temperature 700℃) and the preparation process has been optimized. MnO2-AC was synthesized by loading AC and MnO2 under the optimal preparation condition.The adsorption effect of Cd2+ in aqueous solution was compared, and the effects of pH value and ion strength on Cd2+ adsorption were investigated. The adsorption kinetics and isothermal adsorption characteristics were analyzed. The results showed that the surface of modified MnO2-AC exhibits spherical aggregates with rougher surfaces, more micropores, and larger specific surface area. In comparison to BC and AC, MnO2-AC possessed more surface adsorption sites and oxygen-containing functional groups. Kinetic adsorption studies have shown that the maximum adsorption capacity of MnO2-AC (138.14mg·g− 1) for Cd2+ has significantly increased, which is 3.06 and 1.15 times higher than that of BC (45.16mg·g− 1) and AC (119.21mg·g− 1), respectively. The adsorption capacity has increased by 205.9% and 15.8%, respectively. At the same time, the adsorption capacity of MnO2-AC for Cd2+ remained as high as 60.96mg·g− 1 after 6 adsorption desorption cycles, with an increase of 217.83% and 32.15% compared to the adsorption capacity of BC (19.18mg·g− 1) and AC (46.13mg·g− 1) after 6 adsorption desorption cycles, respectively, proving that MnO2-AC has good reusability. MnO2-AC loaded modification has significant adsorption effects on heavy metal ions, and has good application potential.
Combined scRNA-Seq and bulk RNA-Seq analysis suggests that ITGB2 has potential as a prognostic factor for the immune microenvironment of gastric cancer tumours and as an indicator of tumour microenvironment remodelling.
Authors: Yu Fangpu , Huang Hai , Wang Kai , Zhang Mingkai , Li Yanbin , Liu Chang , Li Yuming 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background: The prognostic management of gastric cancer remains a major challenge for clinicians. In recent years, correlation studies of immune infiltration in gastric cancers, such as stomachadenocarcinoma (STAD)have attracted much attention. However, the correlation between the expression of the immune factor ITGB2 and the malignant features of immune infiltration and gastric cancer has rarely been reported.
Methods:
Batch RNA-seq and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data were combined to screen for differentially expressed genes using software packages and machine learning. Data from the TCGA and five GEO databases were used to investigate the expression levels of ITGB2 in patients with STAD, and the correlation between ITGB2 expression levels and gastric cancer progression was explored and validated. Tumour-infiltrating immune cells were sorted and sequenced at the single-cell level to analyse differences in the expression of ITGB2. Several algorithms were used to analyse the correlation between ITGB2 and immune infiltration in patients with STAD. The study predicted chemotherapy and immunotherapy responses for subgroups with high and low expression of ITGB2. Additionally, LASSO regression models were employed to identify prognostic features based on ITGB2-derived molecules.
Results:
This study revealed that increased levels of ITGB2 were linked to worse clinical outcomes and prognosis in STAD patients. Bioinformaticanalysis revealed that ITGB2 is involved in leukocyte migration, cytokine activation, and other pathways. Additionally, ITGB2 was positively correlated with the infiltration of most immune cells, immunomodulators, and chemokines. Moreover, gastric cancer patients with high levels of ITGB2 had better responses to immunotherapy. Finally, a machine learning algorithm, LASSO regression, was used to identify prognostic features based on molecules derived from ITGB2. The algorithm demonstrated satisfactory prognostic predictive ability in both the training and validation cohorts.
Conclusion:
ITGB2 expression is a promising potential immune-related biomarker for STAD and can be used to identify patients who may benefit from immunotherapy.
Cu nanoparticle geometry as the key to bicolor behavior in Oregon sunstones: An application of LSPR theory in nanomineralogy
Authors: Wang Chengsi , Shen Andy H. , Heaney Peter J. , Palke Aaron , Wang Ke , Wang Haiying , Kiefert Lore 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The coloration mechanism of Oregon sunstone is a classic and controversial topic in mineralogy because of the unique coexistence of anisotropic (green-red) and isotropic (red) color zones within single feldspar crystals. After nearly 50 years of research, no models proposed to date have satisfactorily accounted for all observed optical phenomena. Here, we present high-resolution transmission electron microscopy analyses of samples prepared by focused ion beam extraction along specific crystal directions. In both the anisotropic and the isotropic color zones, we observed Cu nanoparticles (NPs) included within plagioclase but with different geometries. In the isotropic (red) zone, NPs were randomly distributed nano-spheres or nano-ellipsoids (8.7–12 nm in diameter) with an aspect ratio of 1–1.3. In contrast, in dichroic (green/red) zones, NPs were directionally aligned nano-rods (8.5–21 nm along the long axis) with an aspect ratio of ∼2.5. We applied localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) theory to simulate absorption spectra and developed a model to explain the observed optical properties. LA-ICP-MS and polarized UV-Vis spectroscopy were also performed to confirm our conclusions. This study systematically reveals the existence and optical influence of variably shaped metal-NP inclusions in feldspar crystals. Furthermore, it demonstrates the necessity of including LSPR in the canon of mineral coloration mechanisms. Cu-NP-bearing labradorite has been shown to exhibit third-order nonlinear optical properties, and approaches that incorporate NP shapes and sizes will assist in designing NP-embedded optical materials with tailored optical properties.
Solfataric alteration at the South Sulfur Bank, Kilauea, Hawaii, as a mechanism for the formation of sulfates, phyllosilicates, and silica on Mars
Authors: Bishop Janice L. , Schiffman Peter , Murad Enver , Southard Randal J. , Gruendler Lukas , Dyar M. Darby , Lane Melissa D. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Solfataric alteration at the South Sulfur Bank of the former Kilauea caldera produced opal, Mg- and Fe-rich smectites, gypsum, and jarosite through silica replacement of pyroclastic Keanakako’i ash and leaching of basaltic lavas. This site on the island of Hawaii serves as an analog for formation of several minerals found in altered deposits on Mars. Two distinct alteration environments were characterized in this study, including a light-toned, high-silica, friable outcrop adjacent to the vents and a bedded outcrop containing alternating orange/tan layers composed of smectite, gypsum, jarosite, hydrated silica, and poorly crystalline ferric oxide phases. This banded unit likely represents the deposition of pyroclastic material with variations in chemistry over time that was subsequently altered via moderate hydrothermal and pedogenic processes and leaching of basaltic caprock to enhance the Si, Al, Mg, Fe, and Ca in the altered layers. In the light-toned, friable materials closest to the vents along the base of the outcrop, glassy fragments were extensively altered to opal-A plus anatase.
Lab measurements of samples returned from the field were conducted to replicate recent instruments at Mars and provide further characterization of the samples. These include elemental analyses, sample texture, XRD, SEM, VNIR/mid-IR reflectance spectroscopy, TIR emittance spectroscopy, and Mössbauer spectroscopy. Variations in the chemistry and mineralogy of these samples are consistent with alteration through hydrothermal processes as well as brines that may have formed through rain interacting with sulfuric fumes. Silica is present in all altered samples, and the friable pyroclastic ash material with the strongest alteration contains up to 80 wt% SiO2.
Sulfate mineralization occurred at the South Sulfur Bank through fumarolic action from vents and likely included solfataric alteration from sulfuric gases and steam, as well as oxidation of sulfides in the basaltic caprock. Gypsum and jarosite are typically present in different layers of the altered wall, likely because they require different cations and pH regimes. The presence of both jarosite and gypsum in some samples implies high-sulfate concentrations and the availability of both Ca2+ and Fe3+ cations in a brine percolating through the altered ash. Pedogenic conditions are more consistent with the observed Mg-smectites and gypsum in the tan layers, while jarosite and nontronite likely formed under more acidic conditions in the darker orange layers. Assemblages of smectite, Ca-sulfates, and jarosite similar to the banded orange/tan unit in our study are observed on Mars at Gale crater, Noctis Labyrinthus, and Mawrth Vallis, while high-silica outcrops have been identified in parts of Gusev crater, Gale crater, and Nili Patera on Mars.
Rainfall erosivity assessment over a flooding basin, Kelani River basin, Sri Lanka
Authors: Niyas Zumry , Madhushani Charuni I. , Gunathilake Miyuru B. , Basnayaka Vindhya , Kantamaneni Komali , Rathnayake Upaka 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
This study evaluates the rainfall erosivity (RE) and erosivity density (ED) over the Kelani River basin, Sri Lanka for a period of 31 years (1990–2020). The river basin is well known for its annual floods during the southwestern monsoon season and severe erosion including landslides can be observed. The catchment was analyzed for its RE using the Wischmeier and Smith algorithm and for its ED using Kinnel's algorithm. The monthly rainfall data spreading over the river basin were used to analyze the monthly, seasonal, and annual RE and ED. Interestingly, the annual RE showed a linear increasing trend line over 31 years, and a maximum value of 2,831.41 MJ mm ha−1 h−1 yr−1 was able to be observed in the year 2016. The RE peaks in May which is in the southwestern monsoon season. This reveals that the risk of soil erosion in the basin is high in the southwestern monsoon season. In addition, land use and land cover changes over the years have adversely impacted the erosion rates. Therefore, it is highly recommended to investigate soil erosion in-depth and then implement relevant regulations to conserve the soil layers upstream of the river basin.
Beyond the Genome: Deciphering the Role of MALAT1 in Breast Cancer Progression
Authors: Hussain Md Sadique , Agrawal Mohit , Shaikh Nusratbanu K. , Saraswat Nikita , Bahl Gurusha , Bhat Mudasir Maqbool , Khurana Navneet , Bisht Ajay Singh , Tufail Muhammad , Kumar Rajesh 
Published: May 2024

:
The MALAT1, a huge non-coding RNA, recently came to light as a multifaceted regulator
in the intricate landscape of breast cancer (BC) progression. This review explores the multifaceted
functions and molecular interactions of MALAT1, shedding light on its profound implications
for understanding BC pathogenesis and advancing therapeutic strategies. The article commences
by acknowledging the global impact of BC and the pressing need for insights into its
molecular underpinnings. It is stated that the core lncRNA MALAT1 has a range of roles in both
healthy and diseased cell functions. The core of this review unravels MALAT1's multifaceted role
in BC progression, elucidating its participation in critical processes like resistance, invasion, relocation,
and proliferating cells to therapy. It explores the intricate mechanisms through which
MALAT1 modulates gene expression, interacts with other molecules, and influences signalling
pathways. Furthermore, the paper emphasizes MALAT1's clinical significance as a possible prognostic
and diagnostic biomarker. Concluding on a forward-looking note, the review highlights the
broader implications of MALAT1 in BC biology, such as its connections to therapy resistance and
metastasis. It underscores the significance of deeper investigations into these intricate molecular
interactions to pave the way for precision medicine approaches. This review highlights the pivotal
role of MALAT1 in BC progression by deciphering its multifaceted functions beyond the genome,
offering profound insights into its implications for disease understanding and the potential for targeted
therapeutic interventions.
Gut Microbiota Modulation by Selenium and Zinc Enrichment Postbiotic on Dysbiosis Associated with Hypertension
Authors: Dinu Laura-Dorina , Gatea Florentina , Matei Florentina , Banciu Cristian , Vamanu Emanuel 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Targeting gut dysbiosis to treat chronic diseases or to alleviate the symptoms
is a new direction for medical adjuvant therapies. Recently, postbiotics have received considerable
attention as they are non-viable probiotic preparations that confer various health benefits to
the host without the safety problems associated with using live microbial cells.

Objective:
The aim of the study is to obtain selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) enriched Saccharomyces
boulardii postbiotic biomass and to analyze its modulation effect because these minerals play an
important role in reducing gut dysbiosis linked to cardiovascular (CV) diseases.

Method:
The effect of the S. boulardii and Se/Zn enriched yeast postbiotics on CV microbial fingerprint
was studied in vitro using the gastrointestinal system (GIS 1) and analyzed by microbiological,
chemical, and qPCR methods.

Result:
There was a 2.2 log CFU/mL increase in the total bacterial load after SeZn postbiotic treatment
and in the qPCR counts of Firmicutes phyla for both treatments. Beneficial taxa, Bifidobacterium
spp. and Lactobacillus spp., as well as Bacteroides spp. were up to 1.5 log higher after mineral-
enriched postbiotic application, while the acetic acid level increased.

Conclusion:
These preliminary studies highlight the therapeutic potential of using Se/Zn enriched
yeast postbiotics as adjuvants for clinical treatments of CV diseases.
PDLIM1 Inhibits Chemoresistance by Blocking DNA Damage Repair in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Chen Yuli , Yang Xin , Li Qiang 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
Current cisplatin (CDDP) resistance remains a major challenge in the treatment
of advanced gastric cancer. To address the issue of drug resistance, we explored the regulatory
functions of PDZ and LIM structural domain protein 1 (PDLIM1) in CDDP chemotherapy for
gastric cancer.

Methods:
In this study, we analyzed PDLIM1 expression and prognosis using bioinformatics on
publicly available data. PDLIM1 expression in a gastric mucosal epithelial cell line (GSE-1), CDDP-
sensitive (SGC7901, BGC823) and CDDP-resistant gastric cancer cells was detected by RTqPCR
and Western blotting. Cell proliferative capacity was assessed by knockdown of PDLIM1
and overexpression of PDLIM1 in cells administered in combination with cisplatin, and apoptotic
levels were measured by CCK-8 and colony formation assay and by flow cytometry. Expression
of breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1) and γH2AX was determined by Western blotting
or immunofluorescence staining.

Results:
Downregulation of PDLIM1 was found in tumor tissues and cells, which was associated
with poor clinical outcomes. Knockdown of PDLIM1 enhanced proliferation and attenuated apoptosis
in gastric cancer cells. In addition, the therapeutic effects of CDDP on proliferation, apoptosis,
and DNA damage repair were attenuated by PDLIM1 deletion.PDLIM1 expression was downregulated
in CDDP-resistant tumor cells. Overexpression of PDLIM1 overcomes CDDP resistance
in tumor cells as BRCA1 expression decreases and γH2AX expression increases.

Conclusion:
Our findings demonstrate that PDLIM1 enables to alleviate gastric cancer progression
and resistance to cisplatin via impeding DNA damage repair.
Gait Characteristics over the Six-minute Walk Test in Older Women of a Specific Portuguese Community: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Silva Jullyanne , Atalaia Tiago , Martins Rodrigo , Abrantes Joao , Aleixo Pedro 
Published: May 2024

Introduction and Objective:
There is limited research on the changes that can occur in
the gait biomechanical parameters of older adults over long-distance walking. Thus, this study
aimed to evaluate the gait characteristics of older women of a specific Portuguese community
over the six-minute walk test (6MWT) along with gait spatial and temporal parameters and angular
kinematics of the lower limb joints.

Materials and Methods:
Twenty-six older women voluntarily participated. Each woman performed
the 6MWT, and during this, their spatial and temporal parameters were collected through
plantar pressure data (100Hz) and angular kinematics through an inertial sensor system (100Hz).
The 6MWT was divided into four intervals, and the Friedman test was used to compare them. The
median age of the women was calculated, and the Mann-Whitney test was used to compare women
above and below the median age value.

Results:
An increase in gait speed, stance phase, and double stance phase along the intervals was
observed, as well as larger angular displacements of the hip, knee, and ankle (p<0.05). Women below
or above the median age value also yielded these behaviours. Gait speed, cadence, stride
length, and step length were higher in women below the median age value, while stride and step
duration were lower (p<0.05).

Conclusion:
Older women yielded changes in gait spatial and temporal parameters along the
6MWT, as well as larger angular displacements of the lower limb joints. Older women (compared
to younger ones) yielded lower gait speed, cadence, stride length, and step length, higher stance
and double stance phases, and shorter angular displacements of the lower limb joints.
Review of Clinical Considerations in the Management of Adolescents with ADHD During Ramadan
Authors: Khan Faraz , Mohiuddin Sarah 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Fasting in Ramadan, a holy month in Islam, is considered a
religious obligation to Muslims after puberty. Fasting during Ramadan entails
abstinence from consuming food and liquids, as well as abstaining from other
activities, including smoking and sexual activity, from dawn until sunset. Literature
exists regarding the management of multiple medical conditions impacted by the
month of fasting; however, limited literature exists to guide the management of
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) during Ramadan.

Methods:
This systematic review employed a PUBMED search which was
conducted using keywords ((ADHD) AND (Muslims)) OR ((ADHD) AND
(FASTING)) OR ((ADHD) AND (RAMADAN)) OR ((RAMADAN) AND
(MANAGEMENT)) and search strategies to find existing literature on ADHD
management during Ramadan or while fasting.

Results:
Eight hundred and sixty-one results were obtained. Of these, full texts of
clinical trials, systematic reviews, reviews, randomized control trials, and metaanalyses
resulted in 303 results that were screened by title or abstract for relevance to
the topic. The duplicate articles were removed. Eighty-nine results were incorporated
into this paper, including full articles, book excerpts, and online articles.

Discussion:
Muslim adolescents may face challenges with academic and social
functioning as they navigate psychosocial changes in the context of Ramadan.
ADHD management options should be discussed with individuals who are planning
to fast. Pharmacologic management options include continuing on the current
regimen, dose adjustment to mitigate side effect exacerbation, a change in medication
class, or a change in medication formulation. For severe cases or cases with comorbid
conditions, continued fasting may not be recommended. In these cases, the patient
should attempt to seek counsel with their community’s religious scholar in
collaboration with their medication provider. Ultimately, there are limitations in the
available data, and there is a need for further investigation into the impacts of fasting
during Ramadan on individuals with ADHD and the effectiveness of interventions to
promote treatment adherence.