bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive value of sarcopenia components for all-cause mortality: findings from population-based cohorts
Authors: Westbury Leo D. , Harvey Nicholas C. , Beaudart Charlotte , Bruyère Olivier , Cauley Jane A. , Cawthon Peggy , Cruz-Jentoft Alfonso J. , Curtis Elizabeth M. , Ensrud Kristine , Fielding Roger A. , Johansson Helena , Kanis John A. , Karlsson Magnus K. , Lane Nancy E. , Lengelé Laetitia , Lorentzon Mattias , McCloskey Eugene , Mellström Dan , Newman Anne B. , Ohlsson Claes , Orwoll Eric , Reginster Jean-Yves , Ribom Eva , Rosengren Björn E. , Schousboe John T. , Dennison Elaine M. , Cooper Cyrus ,   and the International Musculoskeletal Ageing Network
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Low grip strength and gait speed are associated with mortality. However, investigation of the additional mortality risk explained by these measures, over and above other factors, is limited.

Aim
We examined whether grip strength and gait speed improve discriminative capacity for mortality over and above more readily obtainable clinical risk factors.

Methods
Participants from the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study, Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study, and the Hertfordshire Cohort Study were analysed. Appendicular lean mass (ALM) was ascertained using DXA; muscle strength by grip dynamometry; and usual gait speed over 2.4–6 m. Verified deaths were recorded. Associations between sarcopenia components and mortality were examined using Cox regression with cohort as a random effect; discriminative capacity was assessed using Harrell’s Concordance Index (C-index).

Results
Mean (SD) age of participants (n = 8362) was 73.8(5.1) years; 5231(62.6%) died during a median follow-up time of 13.3 years. Grip strength (hazard ratio (95% CI) per SD decrease: 1.14 (1.10,1.19)) and gait speed (1.21 (1.17,1.26)), but not ALM index (1.01 (0.95,1.06)), were associated with mortality in mutually-adjusted models after accounting for age, sex, BMI, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, ethnicity, education, history of fractures and falls, femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD), self-rated health, cognitive function and number of comorbidities. However, a model containing only age and sex as exposures gave a C-index (95% CI) of 0.65(0.64,0.66), which only increased to 0.67(0.67,0.68) after inclusion of grip strength and gait speed.

Conclusions
Grip strength and gait speed may generate only modest adjunctive risk information for mortality compared with other more readily obtainable risk factors.
Internet “piracy” and book sales: a field experiment
Authors: Hardy Wojciech , Krawczyk Michał , Tyrowicz Joanna 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe widespread Internet “piracy” continues to fuel the debate about business models impervious to copyright infringement. We studied the displacement effects of “piracy” on sales in the book industry. We conducted a year-long large-scale field experiment: in the treatment group, we removed unauthorised copies appearing on the Internet and observed the sales data, whereas in the control group, we simply observed sales. We were able to substantially curb the unauthorised distribution, which resulted in a small, positive effect on sales. While using classical analysis we found it not to be significantly different from zero, a Bayesian approach using previous “piracy” studies to generate a prior led to the conclusion that protecting from piracy resulted in a significant sales boost of about 9 per cent.
Blockchain-based secure optimized traceable scheme for smart and sustainable food supply chain
Authors: Chunduri Venkata , Raparthi Mohan , Yellu Ramswaroop Reddy , Keshta Ismail , Byeon Haewon , Soni Mukesh , Bhatt Mohammed Wasim 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA large number of nodes, and significant system overhead are among the challenges. To tackle these problems, a new PBFT technique known as trace-PBFT (t-PBFT) is being contemplated for adoption in the food supply chain. The PBFT algorithm, short for Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance, serves as the fundamental algorithm. The linkages throughout the supply chain may be categorized into three primary groups. As a response to the continuing discussion over the amount of data, the status of each node is continuously updated in real time. This metric is utilized to evaluate the dependability of the principal node and to analyze the overall performance of the nodes. To minimize the amount of data transmitted between nodes, we optimized the consensus process of the first algorithm. The distinct attributes of offering collaborative food technology were considered throughout this procedure. Experimental evidence indicates that the t-PBFT approach outperforms the PBFT algorithm in terms of throughput, request delay, and information overhead. An architectural paradigm is proposed by integrating the t-PBFT algorithm with a federated network. This model was developed in response to the distinct demands of the food supply chain. This model effectively captures data at each stage of the food supply chain to ensure information tracking while preserving the safety of the food technology flow process.
Effectiveness of interventions to improve job-related wellbeing of employees working from home: a rapid review
Authors: Simpson Emma , Sutton Anthea , Cantrell Anna , Clowes Mark , Weich Scott , Bentley-Hollins Karen , Visintin Cristina , Axtell Carolyn 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe conducted a rapid review examining the effectiveness of organisational interventions intended to improve job-related wellbeing of adult employees working from home. A systematic search was conducted on MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Social Sciences Citation Index in June 2021. Studies were included of adult employees working from home, with wellbeing interventions implemented by organisations for all (or groups of) employees and study designs with any (or no) comparator group. Outcomes were quantitative/qualitative data related to employee psychological and subjective well-being. A total of 1906 unique records were retrieved, of which five studies with a total of 332 participants were included. All five studies included an online intervention, and each had a different type of intervention: well-being and performance coaching; positive psychology coaching; employee empowering sessions; corporate wellbeing programme; and yoga. Interventions showed a pattern of reducing stress levels and enhancing wellbeing. Review results should be interpreted with caution due to study small sample sizes, occurring during the pandemic and having inactive control or no control group, which may mean fluctuating levels of stress unrelated to interventions. The nature of the rapid review meant grey literature may have yielded more studies. This review was registered on Prospero (CRD42021262655).
High‐Frequency Tsunamis Excited Near Torishima Island, Japan, Observed by Distributed Acoustic Sensing
Authors: Tonegawa T. , Araki E. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRecent distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) experiments in ocean areas throughout the world have accumulated records for various wavefields. However, there are few tsunami records because tsunami observation depends on the DAS experimental period and its location. From continuous DAS records, we found tsunami signals at a frequency band of 5–30 mHz, which correspond to high‐frequency components of tsunamis and their propagation velocities differ from low‐frequency tsunamis. We estimated time series of the tsunami excitations at the source using the DAS records, which are consistent with those using records of ocean‐bottom absolute pressure gauges. Our study suggests that DAS records can be used for detecting tsunami propagations in the regions where other geophysical instruments are not available, and contribute to elucidating their excitation mechanisms.
What is the impact of the UK soft drinks industry levy on childhood tooth decay?
Authors: Watt Samantha 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Design
Interrupted time series analysis.

Data analysis
An interrupted time series (ITS) analysis was conducted to determine if there was an association between the announcement and implementation of the soft drinks industry levy (SDIL) and rates of hospital admission for tooth extractions due to dental caries in children. Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) were used on hospital admissions for tooth extraction of one or more primary or permanent tooth due to a primary diagnosis of dental caries in children aged 0–18 years attending a National Health Service (NHS) hospital in England from January 2012 (pre-SDIL) to February 2020 (post-SDIL implementation). HES data were grouped and summarised by Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) and age group.

Results
There was an absolute reduction of 3.7% (95% CI 5.3% to 2.2%) per 100,000 population/month and a relative reduction of 12.1% (95% CI 17.0% to 7.2%) in hospital admissions for carious tooth extractions in all children (0–18 years) compared if there had been no announcement of the SDIL (counterfactual scenario). Reductions were observed in children living in most areas regardless of the level of deprivation and most notably in the youngest children (<10 years).

Conclusions
An ITS analysis of administrative data on hospital admissions found the announcement of the UK SDIL was associated with improvements (reduction) in the incidence of hospital admissions for tooth extractions due to dental caries. This study provides evidence of benefits of the UK SDIL to children’s oral health.
Resolving haplotype variation and complex genetic architecture in the human immunoglobulin kappa chain locus in individuals of diverse ancestry
Authors: Engelbrecht Eric , Rodriguez Oscar L. , Shields Kaitlyn , Schultze Steven , Tieri David , Jana Uddalok , Yaari Gur , Lees William D. , Smith Melissa L. , Watson Corey T. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractImmunoglobulins (IGs), critical components of the human immune system, are composed of heavy and light protein chains encoded at three genomic loci. The IG Kappa (IGK) chain locus consists of two large, inverted segmental duplications. The complexity of the IG loci has hindered use of standard high-throughput methods for characterizing genetic variation within these regions. To overcome these limitations, we use long-read sequencing to create haplotype-resolved IGK assemblies in an ancestrally diverse cohort (n = 36), representing the first comprehensive description of IGK haplotype variation. We identify extensive locus polymorphism, including novel single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and novel structural variants harboring functional IGKV genes. Among 47 functional IGKV genes, we identify 145 alleles, 67 of which were not previously curated. We report inter-population differences in allele frequencies for 10 IGKV genes, including alleles unique to specific populations within this dataset. We identify haplotypes carrying signatures of gene conversion that associate with SNV enrichment in the IGK distal region, and a haplotype with an inversion spanning the proximal and distal regions. These data provide a critical resource of curated genomic reference information from diverse ancestries, laying a foundation for advancing our understanding of population-level genetic variation in the IGK locus.
Folding the human proteome using BioNeMo: A fused dataset of structural models for machine learning purposes
Authors: Hetmann Michael , Parigger Lena , Sirelkhatim Hassan , Stern Abraham , Krassnigg Andreas , Gruber Karl , Steinkellner Georg , Ruau David , Gruber Christian C. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHuman proteins are crucial players in both health and disease. Understanding their molecular landscape is a central topic in biological research. Here, we present an extensive dataset of predicted protein structures for 42,042 distinct human proteins, including splicing variants, derived from the UniProt reference proteome UP000005640. To ensure high quality and comparability, the dataset was generated by combining state-of-the-art modeling-tools AlphaFold 2, OpenFold, and ESMFold, provided within NVIDIA’s BioNeMo platform, as well as homology modeling using Innophore’s CavitomiX platform. Our dataset is offered in both unedited and edited formats for diverse research requirements. The unedited version contains structures as generated by the different prediction methods, whereas the edited version contains refinements, including a dataset of structures without low prediction-confidence regions and structures in complex with predicted ligands based on homologs in the PDB. We are confident that this dataset represents the most comprehensive collection of human protein structures available today, facilitating diverse applications such as structure-based drug design and the prediction of protein function and interactions.
Potential role of serum copeptin among smoker T2DM patients with emphasis to ACE I/D gene polymorphism predicting DN
Authors: Taha Mona Mohamed , Zakaria Mohamed Ahmed Yehia , Eisa Yasmine Hamdy , Rashed Maysa Hatem 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDiabetic nephropathy represents one of the main long-term complications in T2DM patients. Cigarette smoking represents one of modifiable renal risk factors to kidney damage due to lead (Pb) exposure in these patients. Our goal is to investigate serum copeptin and Kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and urinary lead (UPb) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients even smokers and non-smokers groups and compared to corresponding health controls and assess its associations with Angiotensin-Converting enzyme Insertion/Deletion polymorphism [ACE (I/D)] polymorphism in diabetic nephropathy progression in those patients. In present study, 106 T2DM patients and 102 healthy control individuals were enrolled. Serum glucose, copeptin, KIM-1, total cholesterol (TChol), triglycerides (TG), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and UPb levels and ACE (I/D) polymorphisms were assessed in both groups. Results mentioned to significant variations in all parameters compared to in T2DM group compared to control group. Serum copeptin and UPb demonstrated significant difference in diabetic smokers (DS) and diabetic non-smokers (DNS) groups while KIM-1 exhibited significant change between DNS and healthy control non-smokers (CNS) groups. Positive relation was recorded between serum glucose and KIM-1 while negative one was found between serum copeptin and TChol. D allele was associated with significant variation in most parameters in T2DM, especially insertion/deletion (ID) polymorphism. ROC curve analysis (AUC) for serum copeptin was 0.8, p < 0.044 and for Kim-1 was 0.54, p = 0.13 while for uPb was 0.71, p < 0.033. Serum copeptin and UPb might be a prognostic biomarker for renal function decline in smoker T2DM patients while KIM-1 was potent marker in non-smoker T2DM with association with D allele of ACE I/D gene polymorphism.
Mandarin biochar-CO-TETA was utilized for Acid Red 73 dye adsorption from water, and its isotherm and kinetic studies were investigated
Authors: Eleryan Ahmed , Güner Eda Keleş , Hassaan Mohamed , El-Nemr Mohamed A. , Ragab Safaa , El Nemr Ahmed 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEnvironmental pollution is a major issue today due to the release of dyestuff waste into the environment through industrial wastewater. There is a need for affordable and effective adsorbents to remove harmful dyes from industrial waste. In this study, Mandarin biochar-CO-TETA (MBCOT) adsorbent was prepared and used to remove Acid Red 73 (AR73) dye from aqueous solutions. The efficiency of dye removal was influenced by various factors such as solution pH, contact time, initial AR73 dye concentration, and MBCOT dosage. All experiments were conducted at 25 ± 2 °C, and the optimal pH was determined to be 1.5. The optimal conditions for dye removal were found to be an AR73 dye concentration of 100 mg/L, an MBCOT dosage of 1.5 g/L, and a contact time of 150 min, resulting in a 98.08% removal rate. Various models such as pseudo-first-order (PFO), pseudo-second-order (PSO), film diffusion (FD), and intraparticle diffusion (IPD) were used to determine the adsorption kinetics of AR73 dye onto MBCOT. The results showed that the PSO model best explains the AR73 dye adsorption. Furthermore, Langmuir and Freundlich's isotherm models were studied to explain the adsorption mechanism using experimental data. The adsorption capacities at equilibrium (qe) in eliminating AR73 dye varied from 92.05 to 32.15, 128.9 to 65.39, 129.25 to 91.69, 123.73 to 111.77, and 130.54 to 125.01 mg/g. The maximum adsorption capacity (Qm) was found to be 140.85 mg/g. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that biochar produced from mandarin peels has the potential to be an effective and promising adsorbent for removing AR73 dye from water.
Tsunami Squares: Leapfrog scheme implementation and benchmark study on wave–shore interaction of solitary waves
Authors: Zhang Yu , Yin Kunlong , Tang Yang , Xiao Lili 
Published: June 2024

AbstractImpulse waves are generated by rapid subaerial mass movements including landslides, avalanches and glacier break-offs, which pose a potential risk to public facilities and residents along the shore of natural lakes or engineered reservoirs. Therefore, the prediction and assessment of impulse waves are of considerable importance to practical engineering. Tsunami Squares, as a meshless numerical method based on a hybrid Eulerian–Lagrangian algorithm, have focused on the simulation of landslide-generated impulse waves. An updated numerical scheme referred to as Tsunami Squares Leapfrog, was developed which contains a new smooth function able to achieve space and time convergence tests as well as the Leapfrog time integration method enabling second-order accuracy. The updated scheme shows improved performance due to a lower wave decay rate per unit propagation distance compared to the original implementation of Tsunami Squares. A systematic benchmark testing of the updated scheme was conducted by simulating the run-up, reflection and overland flow of solitary waves along a slope for various initial wave amplitudes, water depths and slope angles. For run-up, the updated scheme shows good performance when the initial relative wave amplitude is smaller than 0.4. Otherwise, the model tends to underestimate the run-up height for mild slopes, while an overestimation is observed for steeper slopes. With respect to overland flow, the prediction error of the maximum flow height can be limited to ± 50% within a 90% confidence interval. However, the prediction of the front propagation velocity can only be controlled to ± 100% within a 90% confidence interval. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis of the dynamic friction coefficient of water was performed and a suggested range from 0.01 to 0.1 was given for reference.
Corona discharge plasma for green de-inking of inkjet printer ink
Authors: Priyanti Ika , Wongsawaeng Doonyapong , Ngaosuwan Kanokwan , Kiatkittipong Worapon , Hosemann Peter , Assabumrungrat Suttichai 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis work features a new corona discharge plasma technology for de-inking yellow, blue, and red colors on various papers. This work was developed to minimize the chemical and environmental impacts of de-inking processes. A nonchemical contribution, operating at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, reduces the environmental impact of the process. The deinkability factor (DEMLab) values for all papers are determined with the optimal assessment results provided by a 36-mm variation gap at 2-min (blue) and 10-min (yellow and red) plasma exposure times, followed by applied voltages of 20 kV (yellow), 16 kV (blue), and 20 kV (red). The corona discharge plasma led to 48.58% (yellow printed paper), 64.11% (blue printed paper), and 41.11% (red printed paper) deinkability without altering the physical properties of the paper itself. The change in the tensile strength for the plasma-exposed paper was relatively little, less than 10%, compared to that of common recycling. The tensile strength of the untreated white paper was 5065 ± 487.44 N/mm2, and that of the plasma-treated printed paper was 4593 ± 248.47 N/mm2. It appears that there is little impact on the physicochemical properties of paper induced by the corona plasma treatment during the de-inking process.
Criticality and chaos in auditory and vestibular sensing
Authors: Faber Justin , Bozovic Dolores 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe auditory and vestibular systems exhibit remarkable sensitivity of detection, responding to deflections on the order of angstroms, even in the presence of biological noise. The auditory system exhibits high temporal acuity and frequency selectivity, allowing us to make sense of the acoustic world around us. As the acoustic signals of interest span many orders of magnitude in both amplitude and frequency, this system relies heavily on nonlinearities and power-law scaling. The vestibular system, which detects ground-borne vibrations and creates the sense of balance, exhibits highly sensitive, broadband detection. It likewise requires high temporal acuity so as to allow us to maintain balance while in motion. The behavior of these sensory systems has been extensively studied in the context of dynamical systems theory, with many empirical phenomena described by critical dynamics. Other phenomena have been explained by systems in the chaotic regime, where weak perturbations drastically impact the future state of the system. Using a Hopf oscillator as a simple numerical model for a sensory element in these systems, we explore the intersection of the two types of dynamical phenomena. We identify the relative tradeoffs between different detection metrics, and propose that, for both types of sensory systems, the instabilities giving rise to chaotic dynamics improve signal detection.
Determination and health risk assessment of carbamate pesticide residues in date palm fruits (Phoenix dactylifera) using QuEChERS method and UHPLC-MS/MS
Authors: Morsi Rana , Ghoudi Kilani , Meetani Mohammed A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate carbamate pesticide residues in different varieties of date palm fruits in the UAE, utilizing UHPLC-MS/MS. For sample preparation and clean-up, the efficiency and performance of different QuEChERS dispersive solid-phase extraction kits were compared. Precision and recovery were assessed at 10 μg kg−1 for the three kits, revealing that Kit 2 demonstrated the best performance. The selected QuEChERS method was validated to detect 14 carbamate residues in 55 date samples. The method exhibited strong linearity with R2 > 0.999 and low LOD (0.01–0.005 μg kg−1) and LOQ (0.003–0.04 μg kg−1). Excellent accuracy (recovery: 88–106%) and precision (RSD: 1–11%) were observed, with negligible matrix effect (− 4.98–13.26%). All samples contained at least one carbamate residue. While most detected residues were below their MRLs, carbosulfan was found in 21 samples, propoxur in 2 samples, and carbofuran in 1 sample above their MRLs. The hazard index (HI) was calculated for carbosulfan, phenmedipham, carbaryl, propoxur, carbofuran, and methomyl to assess potential health risks for date consumers. All HI values were below the safety limit of 1.0, indicating that the consumption of dates does not pose a non-carcinogenic health risk for adults and children.