bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender differences in 3D morphology and bony impingement of human hips
Authors: Nakahara Ichiro , Takao Masaki , Sakai Takashi , Nishii Takashi , Yoshikawa Hideki , Sugano Nobuhiko 
Published: October 2010

AbstractFor the proper diagnosis or treatment of hip joint disorders caused by anatomical abnormalities, the normal hip joint morphology must be studied to understand its influence on the maximum range of motion (ROM) until bony impingement by focusing on gender differences. Acetabular and femoral morphologies were analyzed from 3D CT images of 106 normal hip joints from elderly men (n = 36 joints) and women (n = 70 joints), and measurements of ROM until bony impingement were made in four directions (flexion, extension, and external and internal rotation at 90° flexion) using surface models of the pelvis and femur reconstructed from the CT data. Gender differences were found not only in joint orientation, including anteversion and inclination of the acetabulum and femoral neck anteversion, but also in the shape around the joint, including the acetabular rim and the femoral neck. This ROM study also showed gender differences in all four standard directions. In conclusion, significant gender differences were observed in the acetabular and femoral morphology, which led to significant gender differences in ROM until bony impingement. © 2010 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29:333–339, 2011
Kinetic study of copolymerization of linalool and methyl methacrylate initiated by selenonium ylide
Authors: Singh Anamika , Dwivedi Meet Kamal , Singh Dhruv K. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractFree radical copolymerization of an acyclic monoterpenoid linalool (LIN) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) in dioxan was carried out in dilatometer under an inert atmosphere of nitrogen for 90 min at 60 ± 1°C by using diphenyl selenonium 2,3,4,5‐tetraphenylcyclopentadienylide (selenonium ylide) as an initiator. The kinetic expression of the reaction is Rp ∝ [ylide]0.5[MMA]1.0[LIN]1.0. The activation energy of copolymerization was estimated to be 43.7 kJ mol−1. The formation of a functional copolymer is evidenced by spectral analysis. The copolymer was characterized by FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, DSC, and TGA analysis. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 43: 43–52, 2011
Experiences in monitoring and assessment of sustainable land management
Authors: Schwilch G. , Bestelmeyer B. , Bunning S. , Critchley W. , Herrick J. , Kellner K. , Liniger H.P. , Nachtergaele F. , Ritsema C.J. , Schuster B. , Tabo R. , van Lynden G. , Winslow M. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractAlthough sustainable land management (SLM) is widely promoted to prevent and mitigate land degradation and desertification, its monitoring and assessment (M&A) has received much less attention. This paper compiles methodological approaches which to date have been little reported in the literature. It draws lessons from these experiences and identifies common elements and future pathways as a basis for a global approach. The paper starts with local level methods where the World Overview of Conservation Approaches and Technologies (WOCAT) framework catalogues SLM case studies. This tool has been included in the local level assessment of Land Degradation Assessment in Drylands (LADA) and in the EU‐DESIRE project. Complementary site‐based approaches can enhance an ecological process‐based understanding of SLM variation. At national and sub‐national levels, a joint WOCAT/LADA/DESIRE spatial assessment based on land use systems identifies the status and trends of degradation and SLM, including causes, drivers and impacts on ecosystem services. Expert consultation is combined with scientific evidence and enhanced where necessary with secondary data and indicator databases. At the global level, the Global Environment Facility (GEF) knowledge from the land (KM:Land) initiative uses indicators to demonstrate impacts of SLM investments. Key lessons learnt include the need for a multi‐scale approach, making use of common indicators and a variety of information sources, including scientific data and local knowledge through participatory methods. Methodological consistencies allow cross‐scale analyses, and findings are analysed and documented for use by decision‐makers at various levels. Effective M&A of SLM [e.g. for United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD)] requires a comprehensive methodological framework agreed by the major players. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Monitoring and assessing the influence of social, economic and policy factors on sustainable land management in drylands
Authors: Nkonya E. , Winslow M. , Reed M. S. , Mortimore M. , Mirzabaev A. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractSocio‐economic and policy dynamics strongly influence sustainable land management and consequently the capacity of land to sustain valuable ecosystem services, so it is important that they be incorporated into monitoring and assessment regimes aimed at combating desertification and land degradation. Systematic surveys can provide standardized information on socio‐economic and policy dynamics, supplemented by deeper cause–effect understanding emanating from case studies. Countries increasingly collect geo‐referenced socio‐economic data as part of regular censuses and surveys; the collection of information relevant to sustainable land management could be efficiently added to those exercises. Geographic information systems analysis and modeling can then link social, economic, and policy data with biophysical data to support decision‐making. The identification of typical socio‐economic and policy cause–effect patterns is a potential means for summarizing complex human–environmental interactions in more insightful ways. By integrating monitoring techniques based on both local and scientific knowledge, the relevance, accuracy, reliability, and sensitivity of monitoring can be improved. Such integration can also foster mutual commitment and effective joint planning and action between governments and land‐users leading to the implementation of effective sustainable land management practices. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quantitation and Distribution of Polar Compounds in an Extra Virgin Olive Oil Used in Fryings with Turnover of Fresh Oil
Authors: Romero A. , Cuesta C. , Sánchez‐Muniz F. J. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe alteration of an extra virgin olive oil used in 75 repeated and intermittent deep‐fat fryings of potatoes (with a frequent turnover of fresh oil) was measured by column and high‐performance size‐exclusion chromatography (HPSEC). Total polar content increased slightly but continuously in the fryer's oil during the first 30 fryings from 2.76 ± 0.01 mg/100 mg oil (mean ± SD) to 6.60 ± 0.00 mg/100 mg used oil, followed by a tendency to reach a near steady state after a large number of fryings. Compounds related to thermoxidative alteration also increased significantly in the oil used 75 times to fry potatoes. Triglyceride dimers increased from 0.03 ± 0.01 mg/100 mg unused oil to 1.65 ± 0.05 mg/100 mg oil at the thirtieth fryings while triglyceride polymers and oxidized triglycerides did so during the first 60 fryings (0.07 ± 0.01 mg/100 mg oil and 0.56 ± 0.03 mg/100 mg oil in the unused oil respectively to 0.38 ± 0.01 mg/100 mg oil or 2.95 ± 0.15 mg/100 mg oil in the used oil, respectively). Both of these changes were followed by a tendency of these polar compounds to reach a near steady state in later successive fryings. Nevertheless, diglycerides and free fatty acids related to hydrolytic alteration remained quite stable throughout the frying process. Data from this study indicate that repeated fryings of potatoes in extra virgin olive oil with a frequent turnover of fresh oil throughout the frying slightly increased the level of polar material in the fryer oil during the first fryings followed by minor changes and by a tendency to reach a near steady state in successive fryings.
Entwicklung einer HPLC‐Methode zur Bestimmung des freien Polygiycerinanteils in Polyglycerincaprinaten
Authors: Schlegelmilch F. , Siemanowski W. , Wiebrock L. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractDie Polyglycerincaprinate haben in der kosmetischen Industrie einen immer größeren Absatzmarkt. Sie finden dort als Emulgator, Solubihsator oder Rückfetter ein großes Einsatzgebiet. Sie haben neben ihrer hohen Wirksamkeit ein intercssantes Eigenschaftsprofil und sind frei von Ethylenoxid und nitrosaminbildenden Substanzen. Aufgrund dieser Tatsachen wurde es notwendig, ein instrumentalanalytisches Verfahren zu entwiekeln. mit dem die Zusammensetzung der Polyglycerincaprinate bestimmt warden kann. Die hier beschriebene Analysenmethode dient zur Quantifizierung des Gehaltes an freiem Polyglycerin im Polyglycerineaprinat. Sein Gehalt ist mitbestimmend für die speziellen Eigenschaften des Esters. Hierdurch können der kosmetisehen Industrie anwendungsspezifische Polylgycerincaprinsäureester zur Verfügung gesteilt werden. Das beschricbene Analysenverfahren ist sehr umweltschonend, da keine sehwer abbaubaren Lösungsmittel verwendet werden.
Effects of Inhibition of Carotenoids on the Lipids Synthesis by Micrococcus colpogenes
Authors: Hamid Shanaz , Khan S. A. , Jaffary R. H. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractEffect of glucose concentration and the inhibition of carotenoids on the lipids synthesis by Micrococcus colpogenes were studied. It was observed that the maximum lipid production was obtained when 2 % glucose was used as carbon source. The inhibition of carotenoids with diphenylaminc (25 mg/L) showed 37 % increase in the lipid synthesis.
Composition of Fatty Acids in Winged Bean [Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC] Seed Oil
Authors: Singh S. P. , Shukla Sudhir , Khanna K. R. , Dixit B. S. , Banerji R. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe oil content and fatty acid composition of 19 genetically improved cultivars of winged bean [Psophocarpus teragonolobus (L.) DC] seeds were determined. The oil content ranged from 14.5% to 22.7%. Oleic acid (41.4% ± 1.5) and linoleic acid (29.7% ± 1.1) were main constitutents and contributed above 70%, however, the total unsaturated fatty acid ranged from 66.8% to 78.9% (73.9% ± 0.9). Varieties BRWS‐103. BRWS‐114 and BRWS‐118 have higher linoleic acid while BRWS‐101, BRWS‐102 and BRWS‐105 have many fold higher oleic acid. Palmitic (10.9% ± 0.6), behenic 6.7% ± 0.4) and stearic (3.5 % ± 0.3) acids were the major saturated fatty acids. Parinanc acid, a toxic fatty acid was absent in seed oil of all the varieties. The oil can be stored for longer period being low in hnolenic acid (0.9% ± 0.1).Fettsäure‐Zusammensetzung des Samenöls von Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DCDer Ölgehalt und die Fettsäure‐Zusammcnsetzung von 19 genctisch veränderten Sorten von Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC wurden untersucht. Dcr Ölgehalt schwankte zwischen 14.5% und 22.7 %. Ölsäure (41.4% ± 1.5) und Linolsäure (29.7% ± 1.1) waren die Hauptbestandteile (mehr als 70%); dcr Gehalt an ungesäitigten Fettsäuren lag zwischen 66.8% und 78.9% (73.9% ± 0.9). Die Sortcn BRWS‐103. BRWS‐114 und BRWS‐118 hatten einen hohen Linolsäuregehalt, während die Sortcn BRWS‐101, BRWS‐102 und BRWS‐105 einen vielfach höhercn Ölsäuregchalt aufwiesen. Palmitin‐(10.9% ± 0.6), Bchen‐(6.7% + 0.4) und Stcarinsäure (3.5% + 0.3) waren die wichtigstcn gesättigten Fettsäuren. Die toxische Parinarsäure war in alien Sortcn nicht vorhanden. Das Öl enthält wenig Linolensäure (0.9%n ± 0.1) und kann langcre Zeit gelagert werden.
Studies of Cannabis sativa and Sorghum bicolor Oils
Authors: Raie M. Y. , Ahmad A. , Ashraf M. , Hussain S. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe white/red variety of Sorghum bicolor and Cannabis sativa of the family Moraeeae contains oil 2.8%, 2.7% and 33.3% respectively under the process of solvent extraction. The low percentage 2.1%. 1.2% and IK.7% of linolcnic acid as compared to high percentage of linoleic acid 46.3%. 46.7% and 46.8% in these oils classify them as semi‐drying oils and therefore they can be used for edible purposes after their refining, bleaching, and deodorization. They can also be utilized in the manufacturing of margarine and shortenings after the hydrogenation of the oils.
Alkyldimethylbetaine — Bestimmung des freien Amins in Alkyldimethylbetainen — Gemeinschaftsarbeiten der DGF, 149. Mitteilung: Deutsche Einheitsmethoden zur Untersuchung von Fetten, Fettprodukten, Tensiden und verwandten Stoffen, 115. Mitt.: Analyse von grenzflachenaktiven Stoffen XXIV
Authors: Arens M. , Wingen H.‐P. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractDer “Gemeinschajtsausschuß für die Analytik der Tenside (GAT)” hat die nachstehende Methode nach einer Publikation1) erarbeitet und im Ringversuch geprüft. Der GATstellt die Methode, die dann in den DGF‐Einheitsmethoden2) veröffentlicht werden soil, zur Diskussion und billet um Anmerkungen an die Berichterstatler.
Studies on Reduction in Oil Content in Deep‐Fat Fried Legume Based Snack Using Carboxymethyl Starch (CMS)
Authors: Bhattacharyya D. , Chhaya P. N. , Singhal R. S. , Kulkarni P. R. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe need to reduce fat content in deep fat fried foods is acutely felt worldwide due to health associated problems of high fat intake. Sev. a deep fried legume based extruded savoury snack is a vcrv popular snack in the Indian sub‐continent. Incorporation of carboxymethyl starch (CMS) was found to reduce the oil content in deep fat fried sev. CMS tested for this purpose was prepared from corn starch and waxy amaranth starch. Best results were obtained with CMS prepared from corn starch.
Lipid Production by Lipomyces lipoferus
Authors: Hamid Shahnaz , Khan S. A. , Iqbal M. Z. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractLipomyces lipoferus was studied for its lipid production by investigating the inhibitory and stimulatory effects of different metals on lipid synthesis. The nature of metallic ions present in the medium exercise a considerable influence on the lipid storage. Chlorides of Ca++ and Mg++ ' show a marked inhibition on the formation of lipid materials while the acetates of the same metallic ions show improving effect on the amount of lipid produced. It is further noted that Na+ and K+ ions show better results for lipid production as compared to Ca++ and Mg++ when used as their acetates. The utilisation of sugar is also less effective with Ca++ than with Na++. The fatty acid composition of lipids extracted from cells of L. lipoferus shows that palmitic acid and oleic acid are the major components. However, the percentage of these acids increases with the age of mycelium by 11 % and 6% respectively. TLC results reveal that triglycerides are the major components of the neutral lipids (90 % ).
Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils and their Combinations
Authors: Geda A. K. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractSeven essential oils from Pseudo‐sorghum grass, Psoralen corylifolia, Oenan‐the stolonifera, Blurnea membranacea, Cyrnhopogon martinii, Laggera aurita and Caesulia uxiilaris were studied tor their antibacterial activity. The oils in 1:1 combination were found to be more active than the oils used individually against bacteria tested.
Studies on Some Minor Oilseeds
Authors: Banerji R. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe seeds from three plant species have been analysed for oil and protein contents and fatty acid composition. All the seeds were rich in oil and protein. The oil from Myroxylon balsamum contained four newly identified acids. The sum of oleic and linoleic acids in these oils ranged from 70.7‐74.8%.
Fat Concentration in Commercial Minced Meat
Authors: Krökki Anneli S 
Published: October 2010

AbstractFat concentrations were measured in minced beef and beef‐pork samples in order to detect the average amounts of fatty and low‐fatty meat. A total of 98 meat samples were examined, among which 59 % of the minced beef samples and 20 % of the beef‐pork samples contained less than 10% fat by weight. The minced beef altogether contained about 9.4% fat by weight and the beet‐pork about 15% by weight. The lowest fat concentration measured was 1.9% by weight and the highest 24 % by weight.
Fettsäureamidopropylbetaine ‐Gehalt an Fettsäureamidopropylamin ‐Gemeinschaftsarbeiten der DGF, 150. Mitteilung: Deutsche Einheitsmethoden zur Untersuchung von Fetten, Fettprodukten, Tensiden und verwandten Stoffen, 116. Mitt.: Analyse von grenzflächenaktiven Stoffen XXV
Authors: Arens M. , Spilker R. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractDer “Gemeinschaftsausschuβ für die Analytik der Tenside (GAT)” hat die nachstehende Methode im Ringversuch geprüft. Der GATstellt die Methode, die dann in den DGF‐Einheitsmethoden1 veröffentlicht werden soil, zur Diskussion und hittet um Anmerkungen an die Berichterstatter.
Effect of Flavour Extraction on the Phenolic Constituents of Grape Leaves
Authors: Soliman M. M. A. , Fadel H. M. , Kaousar A. H 
Published: October 2010

AbstractExtraction of phenolic compounds of grape leaves after flavour extraction has been studied. Fractionation of these compounds was done using thin‐layer and column chromatography and the compounds were identified by NMR analysis. A remarkable variation in the concentration of these phenolic compounds of all the varieties was observed. when subjected to flavour extraction.
Biologische Reinigung organisch verschmutzter Abluftströme
Authors: Böse Michael , MüNir Berkmen I. , Sitzmann Werner 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBei der Gewinnung und Veredelung von Ölen und Fetten aus pflanzlichen und tierischen Rohstoffen fallen, teilweise in erheblichem Umfaug, organisch verschmutzte Abluftströme an.Reiativ neu im Vergleich zu konventionellen physikalisch‐chemischen Reinigungsmethoden ist die sioffliche Umsetzung der unerwünschten Verunreinigungen mit Hilfe von Mikroorganismen im Rahrnen der biologischen Abluftreinigung. In Abhängigkeit von der Aufgabenstellung kommen für die biologische Abluftreinigung die Sysierne Biofilter, Biowäscher und Rieselbettreaktor in Frage.Es werdcn der aktuelle Stand der Technik und die jüngslen Neuentwicklungen auf diesem Gebiet vorgestellt sowie Funktionsweise und mögliche Einsatzgebiete der genannten Systeme aufgezeigt.Zicl des Beitrages ist es, dem Praktiker Hinweise zur systematischen Vorge‐hensweise bei der Auswahl eines geeigfieten biologischen Abluftreinigungsveifahrens zu geben.
Funktionalität von Lecithinen
Authors: Nieuwenhuyzen Willem Van 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIn der Industrie ist die funktionale Emulgierwirkung von Sojalecithinen von größerer technischer und kommerzieller Bedeutung, während Eilecithin eine Marktnische darstellt.Die Anforderungen an konsistente Emulgier‐, Stabilisier‐ und nutritive Eigenschaften haben neben der Standardisierung zu einerReihe von Lecithin‐Modifikationen geführt:Enzymatische Hydrolyse, Acetylierung, und Hydroxylierung ergeben Lecithine mit erhöhten hydrophilen Eigenschaften und dadurch bessere Öl‐in‐Wasser‐Emulgiereigenschaften. Alkohol‐Fraktionierung, zum Teil kombiniert mit chromatographischer Isolierung, trennt das Rohlecithin in spezifische Phospholipid‐Fraktionen, wodurch die Eigenschaften für den Einsatz in spezifischen Produkten zur Geltung kommen. Die Entölung von Rohlecithin zu „Reinlecithin”︁ mit pulverförmiger oder Granulatkonsistenz wird wegen bequemer Dosierung, neutralem Geschmack und verstärkter O/W Emulgierwirkung durchgeführt. Kombinationen dieser Verfahren ergeben eine breile Skala an Speziallecithinen mit unterschiedlichen „Hydrophile‐Lipophile‐Bilanz”︁‐Eigenschaften für den Nahrungsmittel‐ und Tierernährungssektor, Pharmazie, Kosmetik und technische Industrie.
Kontinuierliche Produktion von Sophoroselipiden mit Candida bombicola ATCC 22214
Authors: Fiehler Klaus , Albrecht Andre , Rasch Detlev , Rau Udo 
Published: October 2010

AbstractSeit einigjr Zeit wild die Gewinnung von Sophoroselipiden aus nachwacnsenuen Rohstoffen mit Candida bornhicola untersueht. Schwerpunkt der Betrachtungen waren bisher Kultivierungen in Batch‐ oder Fed‐Batch‐Verfahren. Zur Produktion dicser Biotenside jmkontinuierhchen Prozeß sind bisher kaum Uniersuchungen vorbf fentlicht worden. Erste Ergebnissc zeigen jedoch, daß in kontinuierlicher Kultnr holie Produktivitäten erzielt werden können, die dieses Verfahren beziiglich dcrvorgenannten Mctlioden ?.u einerechten Alternative machen. Ein Verglcich beslehender Verfahren der Sophoioselipidproduklion and der kontinuierlichen Methode soil dies ver deutlichen.
Hepatic encephalopathy is associated with posttransplant cognitive function and brain volume
Authors: Garcia-Martinez Rita , Rovira Alex , Alonso Juli , Jacas Carlos , Simón-Talero Macarena , Chavarria Laia , Vargas Víctor , Córdoba Juan 
Published: October 2010

Abstract

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a common complication of cirrhosis that is associated with brain atrophy and may participate in impaired cognitive function after liver transplantation. This study analyzes the relationship of HE with cognitive function and brain volume after transplantation. A total of 52 consecutive patients with cirrhosis (24 alcohol abuse, 24 prior HE, 14 diabetes mellitus) completed a neuropsychological assessment before liver transplantation and again, 6 to 12 months after transplantation. In 24 patients who underwent the posttransplant assessment, magnetic resonance imaging was performed in addition, with measurement of brain volume and relative concentration of N-acetylaspartate (NAA) and creatine/phosphocreatine (Cr), a neuronal marker, by magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Neuropsychological assessment prior to transplantation identified minimal HE in 28 patients. All cognitive indexes improved after liver transplantation, but 7 patients (13%) showed persistent mild cognitive impairment. Global cognitive function after transplantation was poorer in patients with the following variables before liver transplantation: alcohol etiology, diabetes mellitus, and HE. Brain volume after transplantation was smaller in patients with prior HE. Brain volume correlated to NAA/Cr values (r = 0.498, P = 0.013) and poor motor function (r = 0.41, P = 0.049). In conclusion, the association of HE with cognitive function and brain volume suggests that having experienced HE before liver transplantation impairs the posttransplantation neurological outcome. Liver Transpl 17:38-46, 2011. © 2011 AASLD.
Dopamine turnover increases in asymptomatic LRRK2 mutations carriers
Authors: Sossi Vesna , de la Fuente‐Fernández Raul , Nandhagopal Ramachandiran , Schulzer Michael , McKenzie Jessamyn , Ruth Thomas J. , Aasly Jan O. , Farrer Matthew J. , Wszolek Zbigniew K. , Stoessl Jon A. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIncrease in dopamine (DA) turnover was found to occur early in symptomatic Parkinson's disease (PD) and to be functionally related to the dopamine transporter (DAT). The objectives of this study were to examine changes in DA turnover in the asymptomatic PD phase; to compare them with changes in other dopaminergic markers, and to investigate a possible relationship between DAT and DA turnover. Eight subjects from families at increased risk of PD due to LRRK2 mutation were investigated. Positron emission tomography imaging was performed with: 18F‐fluorodopa to determine the effective DA distribution volume (EDV), the inverse of DA turnover, and the DA uptake rate Kocc, a marker of DA synthesis and storage; 11C‐methylphenidate (MP, a DAT marker) and 11C‐dihydrotetrabenazine (DTBZ, a VMAT2 marker) to estimate the binding potentials BPND_MP and BPND_DTBZ. On average, EDV showed the largest reduction from age‐matched control values (42%) followed by BPND
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MP (23%) and BPND
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DTBZ (17%), whereas Kocc remained in the normal range for all subjects. No correlation was found between EDV and any other marker. DA turnover was found to be elevated in asymptomatic mutation carriers at increased risk of PD. Such change was determined to be larger than and statistically independent from changes observed with the other markers. These results support a compensatory role of increased DA turnover in presymptomatic disease and indicate that at this stage, in contrast to the symptomatic PD phase, increased turnover is not related to DAT. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society