bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical Health Parameters: Comparison of People with Severe Mental Illness with the General Population
Authors: Northey Alyce , Barnett Fiona 
Published: February 2012

Introduction: Obesity is commonly associated with severe mental illness (SMI). Physical activity has been shown to reduce morbidity and mortality from chronic conditions. The aim of this exploratory study was to explore the physical health parameters and physical activity levels of people with SMI in North Queensland. Method: Twenty participants from the general population and 21 participants with SMI volunteered to participate in this comparative study. Information regarding participants' physical activity levels in the previous 7 days was collected. Anthropometric measures were taken, including body mass index, blood pressure and waist-to-hip ratio. Results: Body mass index was significantly higher for participants with SMI (p = 0.05). Total domestic and garden metabolic equivalent of task (MET) mean (p = 0.03), total leisure MET mean (p = 0.00), total moderate MET mean (p = 0.04), total vigorous MET mean (p = 0.01), total work MET mean (p = 0.05) and overall total physical activity (p = 0.00) scores were significantly higher for participants from the general population. Conclusion: This study found differences in physical health parameters and activity levels between these two populations. These results can inform future occupational therapy by providing a direction for intervention.
Intracorneal hematoma after canaloplasty and clear cornea phacoemulsification: surgical management
Authors: Freiberg Florentina Joyce , Salgado Josefina Parente , Grehn Franz , Klink Thomas 
Published: February 2012

Purpose This is a case report of intracorneal hematoma after canaloplasty and clear cornea phacoemulsification. Methods A 75-year-old woman presented with primary open angle glaucoma and visually significant cataract. Canaloplasty and clear corneal phacoemulsification were performed. Postoperatively she had an intracorneal hematoma, which was removed through a clear corneal tunnel. Results Preoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/40 in the right eye and mean intraocular pressure (IOP) was 20 mmHg. Uneventful canaloplasty, clear corneal phacoemulsification, and implantation of a posterior chamber intraocular lens were performed. One day after the operation, BCVA was 20/400 in the right eye. The IOP was 8 mmHg. Anterior segment examination revealed a nasally located intrastromal hematoma between corneal stroma and Descemet membrane. The intracorneal hematoma was removed through a clear corneal tunnel. Six months postoperatively, BCVA was 20/25 in the right eye. The IOP with one medication was 17 mmHg. Conclusions This operation was a minimally invasive technique to remove intrastromal hematocornea after viscocanaloplasty.
Outcomes in Nonagenarians after Hemiarthroplasty for Femoral Neck Fracture. A Prospective Matched Cohort Study
Authors: Sanz-Reig Javier , Lizaur-Utrilla Alejandro , Serna-Berna Ricardo 
Published: February 2012

A prospective cohort of 33 nonagenarians with hemiartroplasty for femoral neck fracture was matched with 33 patients aged between 70 and 89, using preoperative and postoperative data, and the following were studied; epidemiological data, physical dependence, and SF-12 and WOMAC questionnaires. The mortality rate at one year was 24.2%, influenced by the presence of 3 or more comorbidities, dementia, and previous dependence. The perioperative period was the most vulnerable time, and in some cases delaying surgery should be considered to stabilise the patient's medical condition in very elderly patients. Mortality and functional outcomes were worse than in younger patients, but the surgical complication rate was similar. Prognostic factors for a decline in quality of life were dementia and previous dependence.
Characterizing the Impact of Minor Cannula Design Modification
Authors: Abdel-Sayed Saad , Favre Julien , von Segesser Ludwig K. 
Published: February 2012

Objective Bench evaluation of the hydrodynamic behavior of venous cannulas is a valuable technique for the analysis of their performance during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the internal diameter of the extracorporeal connecting tube of venous cannulas on flow rate (Q), pressure drop (ΔP), and cannula resistance (ΔP/Q2) values, using a computer assisted test bench. Methods An in vitro circuit was set up with silicone tubing between the test cannula encased in a movable reservoir, and a static reservoir. The ΔP, defined as the difference between the drainage pressure and the preload pressure, was measured using high-fidelity Millar pressure transducers. Q was measured using an ultrasonic flowmeter. Data display and data recording were controlled using virtual instruments in a stepwise fashion. Results The 27 F Smartcanula® with a 9 mm connecting tube diameter showed 17% less resistance compared to that with an 8 mm connecting tube diameter. Q values were 7.22±0.1 and 7.81±0.04 L/min for cannulas with 8 mm and 9 mm connecting tube diameters, respectively. The ΔP/Q2 ratio values were 72% lower for the Medtronic cannula with a 9 mm connecting tube diameter compared to that with an 8 mm connecting tube diameter. Q values for the Medtronic cannula were 3.94±0.23 and 6.58±0.04 L/min with 8 mm and 9 mm connecting tube diameters, respectively. The 27 F Smartcanula® showed 13% more flow rate compared to the 28 F Medtronic cannula using the unpaired Student t-test (p<0.0001). Conclusions Our results demonstrated that Q was increased but ΔP and ΔP/Q2 values were significantly decreased when the connecting tube diameter was increased for venous cannulas. The connecting tube diameter significantly affected the resistance to liquid flow through the cannula. Smartcanulas® outperform Medtronic cannulas.
Light‐Induced Plasmon‐Assisted Phase Transformation of Carbon on Metal Nanoparticles
Authors: Kulkarni Dhaval D. , Kim Songkil , Fedorov Andrei G. , Tsukruk Vladimir V. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractHighly localized light‐induced phase transformation of electron beam induced deposited carbon nanostructures (dots and squares) on noble metal surfaces is reported. The phase transformation from the amorphous phase to the disordered graphitic phase is analyzed using the characteristic Raman signatures for amorphous and graphitized carbon and conductive force microscopy. The extent of the transformation is found to be largely dependent on the plasmon absorption properties of the underlying metal film. It is observed that the amorphous carbon deposits on the silver films consisting of 12 nm particles with the plasmon absorption near the laser excitation wavelength (514 nm), undergo fast graphitization to a nanocrystalline or a disordered graphitic phase. This transformation results in the formation of a highly conductive carbon/metal interface with at least seven orders of magnitude lower electrical resistivity than the initial insulating interface. It is suggested that the fast graphitization of nanoscale carbon deposits might serve as an efficient path for the formation of complex patterned nanoscale metal‐carbon interconnects with high electrical conductivity.
3D Network Magnetophotonic Crystals Fabricated on Morpho Butterfly Wing Templates
Authors: Peng Wenhong , Zhu Shenmin , Wang Wanlin , Zhang Wang , Gu Jiajun , Hu Xiaobin , Zhang Di , Chen Zhixin 
Published: February 2012

AbstractA simple synthesis method combining a sol‐gel route followed by a reduction step is developed for the fabrication of magnetophotonic crystal (MPC) materials from Morpho butterfly wings. The sol‐gel route leads to hematite with a photonic crystal structure (PC‐α‐Fe2O3) being faithfully replicated from a biotemplate, and the desired magnetophotonic crystal Fe3O4 (MPC‐Fe3O4) is obtained by the reduction of the PC‐α‐Fe2O3 under a H2/Ar atmosphere. The structural replication fidelity of the process is demonstrated on both the macro‐ and microscale, and even down to the nanoscale, as evidenced by scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, reflectance measurements, and transmission electron microscopy. It is found that the chemical transformation of PC‐α‐Fe2O3 to MPC‐Fe3O4 changes only the dielectric constant and does not induce structural defects that could affect the photonic‐crystal properties of the composite. The photonic band gap of MPC‐Fe3O4 can be red‐shifted with an increase of the external magnetic field strength, which is further supported by theoretical calculations. The reported biomimetic technique provides an effective approach to produce magnetophotonic crystals from nature with 3D networks, which may open up an avenue for the creation of new magneto‐optical devices and theoretical research in this field.
Dynamical properties of partially coherent Bose‐Einstein condensates in double wells
Authors: Lu L.‐H. , Li Y.‐Q. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractSome dynamical features of partially coherent Bose‐Einstein condensate systems confined in double‐well potentials are investigated in mean field approximation. For one‐component system, the phenomena of self‐trapping is studied and it is shown that the partially coherent system, like completely coherent one, can also exhibit self‐trapping phenomena which are affected by both the degree of coherence and the initial relative phase. The adiabatic properties are also studied by introducing the fidelity for mixed state. It is shown that the introduced fidelity can characterize the adiabatic condition of the partially coherent system. For two‐component system, the time evolution of the degree of coherence for a time‐dependent tunneling strength is investigated. The corresponding results imply that the degree of coherence for such a two‐component system can exhibit decoherence phenomena even without the condensate‐environment coupling.
New stopping criteria for iterative decoding of LDPC codes in H‐ARQ systems
Authors: Shin Beomkyu , Kim Sang‐Hyo , Park Hosung , No Jong‐Seon , Shin Dong‐Joon 
Published: February 2012

SUMMARYUnder severely unreliable channel, decoding of error‐correcting codes frequently fails, which requires a lot of computational complexity, especially, in the iterative decoding algorithm. In hybrid automatic repeat request systems, most of computation power is wasted on failed decoding if a codeword is retransmitted many times. Therefore, early stopping of iterative decoding needs to be adopted. In this paper, we propose a new stopping algorithm of iterative belief propagation decoding for low‐density parity‐check codes, which is effective on both high and low signal‐to‐noise ratio ranges and scalable to variable code rate and length. The proposed stopping algorithm combines several good stopping criteria. Each criterion is extremely simple and will not be a burden to the overall system. With the proposed stopping algorithm, it is shown via numerical analysis that the decoding complexity of hybrid automatic repeat request system with adaptive modulation and coding scheme can be fairly reduced. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Identification of the hysteretic behaviour of a partial‐strength steel–concrete moment‐resisting frame structure subject to pseudodynamic tests
Authors: Bursi Oreste S. , Ceravolo Rosario , Erlicher Silvano , Zanotti Fragonara Luca 
Published: February 2012

SUMMARYIn low‐rise steel‐concrete composite structures, moment‐resisting frames can be designed to develop a ductile response in beam‐to‐column joints and column bases by activating flexural yielding of beams and end plates, shear yielding of column web panel zones and yielding of anchors. To evaluate the performance of these components under differing earthquake intensities, a series of pseudodynamic, quasistatic cyclic and vibration tests were carried out on a two‐storey two‐bay moment resisting structure. The performance‐based seismic design and control of these structures requires that stiffness degradation, strength deterioration and slip are properly modelled. In this context, compact hysteretic models can play a key role and must therefore be striven for. Nonetheless, relevant techniques, like nonlinear system identification, are far from representing standard and reliable tools for the dynamic characterization of full‐scale structural systems. With this objective in mind, we present a restoring force surface‐based technique applied to pseudodynamic test data, in view of the nonlinear identification of multistorey frames. The technique is developed by means of a parametric approach, where a time‐variant stiffness operator is coupled to a modified Bouc–Wen model that allows both for slip and for degradation in stiffness. Strength deterioration is indirectly taken into account too. We also show how model‐based parameters can be correlated to the damage process progressively observed both in the structure and in its components. Finally, the predictive capabilities of the identified model are highlighted. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impulse Control Disorders in Obese Patients
Authors: Schmidt Frauke , Körber Stephanie , de Zwaan Martina , Müller Astrid 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of impulse control disorders (ICDs) in morbidly obese individuals. One hundred bariatric surgery candidates were examined using a module of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐IV that has been developed for ICDs. Nineteen per cent suffered from at least one current ICD and 27% met the criteria for any lifetime ICD, most frequently skin picking (current, 8%; lifetime, 9%), compulsive buying (current 6%, lifetime 8%), and intermittent explosive disorder (current, 5%; lifetime, 10%). Patients with regular binge eating (N = 25) reported significantly more often a history of at least one ICD compared with those without binge eating. The results indicate a high prevalence of ICDs among morbidly obese prebariatric surgery patients that are related to regular binge eating. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Coral: QSAR models for acute toxicity in fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas)
Authors: Toropova A. P. , Toropov A. A. , Lombardo A. , Roncaglioni A. , Benfenati E. , Gini G. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractCORrelation And Logic (CORAL) is a software that generates quantitative structure activity relationships (QSAR) for different endpoints. This study is dedicated to the QSAR analysis of acute toxicity in Fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas). Statistical quality for the external test set is a complex function of the split (into training and test subsets), the number of epochs of the Monte Carlo optimization, and the threshold that is a criterion for dividing the correlation weights into two classes rare (blocked) and not rare (active). Computational experiments with three random splits (data on 568 compounds) indicated that this approach can satisfactorily predict the desired endpoint (the negative decimal logarithm of the 50% lethal concentration, in mmol/L, pLC50). The average correlation coefficients (r2) are 0.675 ± 0.0053, 0.824 ± 0.0242, 0.787 ± 0.0101 for subtraining, calibration, and test set, respectively. The average standard errors of estimation (s) are 0.837 ± 0.021, 0.555 ± 0.047, 0.606 ± 0.049 for subtraining, calibration, and test set, respectively. The CORAL software together with three random splits into subtraining, calibration, and test sets can be downloaded on the Internet (http://www.insilico.eu/coral/). © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A New Calibration Method for the Accurate Determination of Ethylene Content in Ethylene‐Propylene Copolymers by CRYSTEX‐IR
Authors: Romero L. , Ortín A. , Monrabal B. , Torres‐Lapasió J. R. , García‐Álvarez‐Coque M. C. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractSummary: CRYSTEX is a fully automated instrument for the determination of Xylene Solubles in polypropylene and ethylene‐propylene copolymers, providing an excellent correlation with gravimetric methods. The instrument can be equipped with a dual band infrared (IR) detector to quantify the ethylene weight percentage (C2%) in the amorphous fraction, and in the whole polymer sample. In this work, a new approach based on multiple linear regression (MLR) models is presented, which makes use of two independent IR absorbance signals acquired simultaneously by the detector. A compromise model to predict directly C2% is proposed, which balances good accuracy and reduced experimental effort. MLR models able to predict the total sample concentration were also developed. The results were successfully validated using copolymer standards in a wide chemical composition range.
Unsaturation Characterization of Polyolefins by NMR and Thermal Gradient NMR (TGNMR) with a High Temperature Cryoprobe
Authors: Zhou Zhe , Cong Rongjuan , He Yiyong , Paradkar Manjiri , Demirors Mehmet , Cheatham Mike , deGroot A. Willem 
Published: February 2012

AbstractSummary: It is important to identify the types of unsaturation and to quantify the amount of unsaturation in polyolefins for understanding chain termination mechanisms of polymerization with different catalysts. Unsaturation is also closely related to processibility, weatherability of polyolefin products and the level of antioxidants to be added for stabilizing purposes. However, it can be very challenging to accurately measure samples with a low level of the unsaturation within a reasonable amount of NMR acquisition time, along with some challenging technical issues, such as dynamic range with 1H NMR. This paper reports a new method to accurately quantify unsaturation by using multi peak presaturation 1H NMR with a high temperature NMR cryoprobe. The limit of quantification can be less than 1 unsaturation/1,000,000 carbons with about 30 min NMR acquisition. This paper also introduces a new technique, temperature gradient NMR (TGNMR) with or without substrates, to characterize unsaturation distribution directly in NMR tube upon temperature change.
Crystallization Elution Fractionation of LLDPEs Made with Metallocene Catalysts
Authors: Alghyamah Abdulaziz A. , Soares João B. P. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractSummary: Temperature rising elution fractionation (TREF) and crystallization analysis fractionation (CRYSTAF) fractionate semicrystalline polymers according to their crystallizabilities from dilute solution and have been widely used to measure the CCD of LLDPE. A new fractionation technique, known as crystallization elution fractionation (CEF), has been developed recently. The main difference between CEF and TREF and CRYSTAF is that the crystallization cycle in CEF is performed dynamically under solvent flow in a long column that contains an inert support material. In this paper, several metallocene‐LLDPE resins have been analyzed by CEF to investigate the effect of cooling cycle parameters, comonomer fraction, polymer molecular weight, and blend cocrystallization on the fractionation. This new technique can be used to obtain CCDs with better resolution and in shorter times than TREF and CRYSTAF.
A CRITICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPORTANCE OF SEEDLING AGE IN THE SYSTEM OF RICE INTENSIFICATION (SRI) IN EASTERN INDIA
Authors: DEB DEBAL , LÄSSIG JÖRG , KLOFT MARIUS 
Published: February 2012

SUMMARYA survey of the system of rice intensification (SRI)-related literature indicates that different authors have drawn conflicting inferences about rice yield performances under the SRI, chiefly because the SRI methodology has been variously advocated, interpreted and implemented in the field using different rice varieties, seedling ages at transplantation, cultivation seasons and nutrient management regimes. In particular, the SRI method of single-seedling transplantation (SST) has potential economic advantage due to reduced seed costs, but it is not clear whether SST is an effective management strategy across a range of seedling ages, and whether there is any specific seedling age that is optimal for yield improvement of a given rice variety. This is an important consideration in rain-fed ecosystems where variable rainfall patterns and lack of controlled irrigation make it difficult to reliably transplant at a specific seedling age as recommended for the SRI. We conducted a five year-long experiment on a rain-fed organic farm using a short-duration upland and a medium-duration lowland landrace, following the SRI methodology. Rice seedlings of different ages (6, 10, 14, 18 and 28 days after establishment) were transplanted at 25 cm × 25 cm spacing in three replicated plots. The performance for each landrace was examined with respect to productive tillers, panicle density, total grain counts per hill and grain yield per unit area. Performances of seedlings of different ages were compared with that of control plots that employed all SRI practices with the exception that 28-day-old seedlings were transplanted with three seedlings per hill. The results indicate that (1) the SRI can improve mean panicle density if seedling age ≤ 18 days, but that responses differ between varieties; (2) the number of productive tillers per hill is significantly less in SST than that of multiple seedling transplants (MST) of 28-day-old seedlings of both upland and lowland varieties; (3) the total grain numbers per hill of the lowland variety is significantly greater for 14-day-old SST than 28-day-old MST; (4) the grain yield per unit area from young SRI transplants is significantly greater than that from 28-day-old MST for the lowland variety, although the magnitude of the improvement was small; (5) for the upland variety, grain yields declined with the oldest seedlings, but planting multiple seedlings per hill made the yield of the oldest transplants on par with that of younger seedlings planted singly. Our findings suggest that transplanting younger seedlings under the SRI management may not necessarily enhance grain yields.
The roar of the lion, the taste of the salt: on really religious reasons
Authors: SMITH STEVEN G. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractSome of the most significant religious appeals can be taken as reasons of a distinctively religious kind. But many popular ways of interpreting religious reasoning pose obstacles to appreciating religious reasons as such. To avoid binding the concept of religious reason to an intellectual programme that requires a disjunction between the religious and the rational or that dissolves all tension between religious claims and general rational standards of validity and normativity, religious reasons can be defined for purposes of liberal study by their challenging yet rationally appreciable transvalid claims and transnormative implications. Examples from the book of Amos and the Chandogya Upanishad are discussed.