bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitative evaluation of the impact of variation of optical parameters on the estimation of blood hematocrit and oxygen saturation for dual-wavelength photoacoustics
Authors: Paul Subhadip , Patel Hari Shankar , Saha Ratan K. 
Published: April 2024

Photoacoustic (PA) spectroscopy is considered to be one of the most effective ways to measure the levels of hematocrit (H) and oxygenation saturation (SO2) of blood, which are essential for diagnosing blood-related illnesses. This simulation study aims to investigate the impact of individual optical parameters, i.e., optical absorption coefficient (μ
a
), scattering coefficient (μ
s
), and anisotropy factor (g), on the accuracy of this technique in estimating the blood properties. We first performed the Monte Carlo simulations, using realistic optical parameters, to obtain the fluence maps for various samples. The wavelengths of the incident light were chosen to be 532, 700, 1000, and 1064 nm. Thereafter, the k-Wave simulations were executed, incorporating those fluence maps to generate the PA signals. The blood properties were obtained using the PA signals. We introduced variations in μ
a
, μ
s
, and g ranging from −10% to +10%, −10% to +10%, and −5% to +1%, respectively, at 700 and 1000 nm wavelengths. One parameter, at both wavelengths, was changed at a time, keeping others fixed. Subsequently, we examined how accurately the blood parameters could be determined at physiological hematocrit levels. A 10% variation in μ
a
induces a 10% change in H estimation but no change in SO2 determination. Almost no change has been seen for μ
s
variation. However, a 5% (−5% to 0%) variation in the g factor resulted in approximately 160% and 115% changes in the PA signal amplitudes at 700 and 1000 nm, respectively, leading to ≈125% error in hematocrit estimation and ≈14% deviation in SO2 assessment when nominal SO2=70%. It is clear from this study that the scattering anisotropy factor is a very sensitive parameter and a small change in its value can result in large errors in the PA estimation of blood properties. In the future, in vitro experiments with pathological blood (inducing variation in the g parameter) will be performed, and accordingly, the accuracy of the PA technique in quantifying blood H and SO2 will be evaluated.
Influence of adhesion layers on optical losses in THz quantum cascade lasers
Authors: Ushakov D. V. , Afonenko A. A. , Khabibullin R. A. , Gavrilenko V. I. , Dubinov A. A. 
Published: April 2024

For a GaAs/AlGaAs terahertz (THz) quantum cascade laser (QCL) with a double metal waveguide (DMWG) based on Au and Cu metal plates and Ti and Ta adhesion layers, the dumping parameters and THz mode loss spectra were calculated. It has been shown that to minimize losses in high-temperature DMWG QCL designs, it is advisable to use Ti less than 5 nm thick or Ta less than 10 nm thick as adhesion layers for Au. The use of the proposed waveguide with a thickness of 20 µm will lead to the creation of a room temperature THz QCL.
High capacity, low power, short reach integrated silicon photonic interconnects
Authors: Netherton Andrew , Dumont Mario , Nelson Zachary , Koo Jahyun , Jhonsa Jinesh , Mo Alice , McCarthy David , Deckoff-Jones Skylar , Gao Yun , Pestana Noah , Goldstein Jordan , Shiue Ren-Jye , Poulton Christopher , Kennedy M. J. , Harrington Mark , Dong Bozhang , Bovington Jock , Frankel Michael , Theogarajan Luke , Watts Michael , Blumenthal Daniel , Bowers John E. 
Published: April 2024

The architecture and component technology of a low power, high capacity, short reach optical interconnect are detailed. Measurements from high-performance 300 mm silicon photonics components that comprise the system are shown, along with a quantum-dot mode-locked laser 20-channel comb source with free space wall plug efficiencies up to 17%, advanced packaging techniques for 3D silicon photonic-electronic integration, and schematics for integrated electronics that control the photonic integrated circuits. Techniques for operating such a system in the presence of changing ambient temperature are addressed. Experiments on a 1 Tbps design are conducted with an optical link experiment indicating sub-picojoule/bit energy consumption at scale.
Spectral-interferometry-based diff-iteration for high-precision micro-dispersion measurement
Authors: Du Wei , Huang Jingsheng , Wang Yang , Zhao Maozhong , Li Juan , He Juntao , Wang Jindong , Zhang Wenfu , Zhu Tao 
Published: April 2024

Precise measurement of micro-dispersion for optical devices (optical fiber, lenses, etc.) holds paramount significance across domains such as optical fiber communication and dispersion interference ranging. However, due to its complex system, complicated process, and low reliability, the traditional dispersion measurement methods (interference, phase shift, or time delay methods) are not suitable for the accurate measurement of micro-dispersion in a wide spectral range. Here, we propose a spectral-interferometry-based diff-iteration (SiDi) method for achieving accurate wide-band micro-dispersion measurements. Using an optical frequency comb, based on the phase demodulation of the dispersion interference spectrum, we employ the carefully designed SiDi method to solve the dispersion curve at any position and any order. Our approach is proficient in precisely measuring micro-dispersion across a broadband spectrum, without the need for cumbersome wavelength scanning processes or reliance on complex high-repetition-rate combs, while enabling adjustable resolution. The efficacy of the proposed method is validated through simulations and experiments. We employed a chip-scaled soliton microcomb (SMC) to compute the dispersion curves of a 14 m single-mode fiber (SMF) and a 0.05 m glass. Compared to a laser interferometer or the theoretical value given by manufacturers, the average relative error of refractive index measurement for single-mode fiber (SMF) reaches 2.8×10−6 and for glass reaches 3.8×10−6. The approach ensures high precision, while maintaining a simple system structure, with realizing adjustable resolution, thereby propelling the practical implementation of precise measurement and control-dispersion.
Serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and its association with cognitive impairment: A meta-analysis
Authors: He Wan-li , Chang Fei-xia , Wang Tao , Sun Bi-xia , Chen Rui-rong , Zhao Lian-ping 
Published: April 2024

Objective
To compare the serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with healthy controls (HC) and evaluate the BDNF levels in T2DM patients with/without cognitive impairment.

Methods
PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched for the published English literature on BDNF in T2DM patients from inception to December 2022. The BDNF data in the T2DM and HC groups were extracted, and the study quality was evaluated using the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. A meta-analysis of the pooled data was conducted using Review Manager 5.3 and Stata 12.0 software.

Results
A total of 18 English articles fulfilled with inclusion criteria. The standard mean difference of the serum BDNF level was significantly lower in T2DM than that in the HC group (SMD: -2.04, z = 11.19, P <0.001). Besides, T2DM cognitive impairment group had a slightly lower serum BDNF level compared to the non-cognitive impairment group (SMD: -2.59, z = 1.87, P = 0.06).

Conclusion
BDNF might be involved in the neuropathophysiology of cerebral damage in T2DM, especially cognitive impairment in T2DM.
Exploring the Root of Educational Transformation: A Genealogical Study of Embedded Technology in Teaching and Learning.
Authors: Alamu Mariam 
Published: April 2024

This study analyzes the evolution of technology in education, beginning with simple instruments and theories that are used to determine how far technology has progressed in teaching. This study investigates the history of teaching, accessibility, and student engagement through the use of technology. A thorough historical examination shows that embedded technology has transformed teaching and learning. Education has evolved from audio-visual aids to digital technologies that are now ubiquitous. This study aims to discuss numerous methods for educating students. The goal of this project is to trace the evolution of technology in education to more inclusive and successful educational practices for the present era.As such, the findings and implications will enhancedebate on future directions in educational technologies among educators, policy makers and academics.
Keywords: Digital innovation; learner participation; historical analysis; pedagogical change; educational technology
CINCA/NOMID is a rare autoinflammatory syndrome in rheumatological practice. Experience of diagnosis, management and therapy with interleukin-1 inhibitors
Authors: Salugina S. O. , Fedoro E. S. , Torgashina A. V. 
Published: April 2024

Objective: to present the experience of diagnosis, management and therapy with interleukin-1 inhibitors (iIL1) in patients with Chronic Infantile Onset Neurologic Cutaneous Articular/Neonatal Onset Multisystem Inflammatory Disease (CINCA/NOMID) according to the Russian Federal Rheumatological Center data.Material and methods. From 2007 to 2023, eight patients were included in the study (7 men) aged 10 months to 33 years, including 3 with a disease duration of more than 10 years (13, 17 and 33 years). Genetic testing was performed in all patients and mutations in the NLRP3 gene were identified in 6 cases.Results and discussion. The age of onset of the disease ranged from 0 to 6 months. The delay in diagnosis and prescription of therapy ranged from 10 months to 33 years. All patients had the classic manifestations of CINCA/NOMID, including fever, rash, central nervous system (CNS) involvement, elevated ESR and CRP levels, 6 patients had articular manifestations, 7 had ocular manifestations and 6 had sensorineural hearing loss. Amyloidosis was detected in 1 case. All patients were prescribed iIL1. Anakinra was used in 6 patients (in 5 as the first line, in 1 as the second line therapy) with a positive response; subsequently 2 of these patients were switched to canakinumab once every 4 weeks (1 patient deteriorated and was readministered anakinra). Five patients received canakinumab (3 as first-line therapy, 2 as second-line therapy), 1 patient was switched to anakinra due to insufficient CNS response. The response to iIL1 therapy was positive in all patients, but incomplete in some of them due to the severity of the manifestations and the presence of irreversible organ damage.Conclusion. Patients with CINCA/NOMID have a severe disease and a poor prognosis. In this context, early administration of iIL1 is necessary. In the case of CNS involvement, the use of anakinra is preferable, as it is characterized by better penetration of the blood-brain barrier and is therefore more effective. Later it is possible to switch the patient to canakinumab, however, to achieve a complete response, it is sometimes necessary to increase the dose of the drug and reduce the interval between doses.
Comparative analysis of the efficacy of seniprutug (BCD-180) and adalimumab in the treatment of active radiographic axial spondyloarthritis: results of a systematic review and matching-adjusted indirect comparison
Authors: Lila A. M. , Dubinina T. V. , Tolkacheva D.  G. , Sapozhnikov K. V. , Sableva N. A. , Morozova M. A. , Pukhtinskaia P. S. 
Published: April 2024

Objective: to compare the clinical efficacy of seniprutug (BCD-180) and adalimumab (ADA) in the treatment of adults with active radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (r-axSpA).Materials and methods. Based on the results of a previously conducted systematic review, an unanchored matching-adjusted indirect comparison (MAIC) was performed, adjusting for confounding factors. The analysis was based on the results of randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials of seniprutug (BCD-180-2/ELEFTA, NCT05445076) and ADA (ATLAS, NCT00085644) that met the selection criteria. We chose ASAS40 and ASAS20 measurements at week 24 as efficacy outcomes. Initial BASDAI and BASFI indices, proportion of women in the study population, time from disease onset, and baseline C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were considered as confounders.Results and discussion. The MAIC showed a statistically significant advantage in the clinical efficacy of seniprutug (BCD-180) over ADA. When adjusted, the odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for seniprutug (BCD-180)/ADA were 1.86 (1.15; 3.02) and 2.21 (1.34; 3.72) for ASAS40 and ASAS20, respectively, at week 24.Conclusion. The MAIC demonstrated statistically significant superiority of seniprutug (BCD-180) over ADA on the key efficacy endpoints ASAS40 and ASAS20 at week 24 in adults with active r-axSpA. The inclusion of the innovative domestic drug seniprutug into treatment paradigm of active r-axSpA will potentially reduce the socio-economic burden of this disease by providing an affordable, effective and safe therapy while optimizing healthcare costs
Is there a “renal-pulmonary syndrome” in rheumatoid arthritis?
Authors: Gordeev A. V. , Galushko E. A. , Matyanova E. V. , Pozhidaev E. V. , Zotkin E. G. , Lila A.  M. 
Published: April 2024

Objective: to compare the course of “rheumatoid disease” in multimorbid patients with and without interstitial lung disease (ILD).Material and methods. Two groups were formed of 1034 patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who met the 2010 ACR/EULAR criteria: one group with ILD identified by high-resolution computed tomography of the lungs (n=82) and another – without ILD (n=900). In all patients, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was determined using the Cockroft–Gault formula. The presence and stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD) was assessed depending on the eGFR level: stage I CKD was diagnosed in eGFR <89 ml/min, stage II (subclinical) – 60<eGFR <89 ml/min, stage IIIa (clinical) – 45<eGFR<59 ml/min and IIIb – 30<eGFR<45 ml/min.Results and discussion. Arterial hypertension (p=0.004), cerebrovascular disease (p=0.0001), diabetes mellitus (p=0.04), obesity, psoriasis (p=0.009) and stage II–III CKD (p=0.04) were more frequently observed in the group with ILD.Conclusion. The combination of CKD and ILD frequently found in patients with RA and the known similarity and close interrelationship of the pathogenesis of these diseases, suggest a type of “renal-pulmonary syndrome” associated with a specific variant of RA.
Libman–Sachs endocarditis: regression after immunosuppressive therapy in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Pugach V. A. , Bulanov N. M. , Shevtsova T. P. , Kurginyan K. V. , Novikov P. I. , Moiseev S. V. 
Published: April 2024

Libman–Sachs endocarditis (nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis, NBTE) may be one of the cardiac manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). It is characterized by the presence of sterile platelet thrombi on previously normal heart valves. The diagnosis of NBTE is difficult as it is often asymptomatic until complications such as systemic emboli or valvular dysfunction occur. Patients with Libman–Sachs endocarditis and SLE are treated with immunosuppressive and anticoagulant therapy and, if it is ineffective, surgical treatment.A clinical case of SLE and Libman–Sachs endocarditis is presented. The clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods and treatment of NBTE in SLE are discussed. The difficulties in differential diagnosis and selection of optimal treatment tactics faced by physicians are highlighted.
Systemic lupus erythematosus with juvenile onset: current status of the problem (literature review)
Authors: Kaleda M. I. , Nikishina I.  P. 
Published: April 2024

Patients with juvenile-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (jSLE) account for up to 25% of all SLE patients. The main difference between jSLE and SLE in adults is the greater role of genetic factors in the pathogenesis, higher activity, earlier development of complications and the need for more aggressive immunosuppressive therapy, which allows us to consider the onset of the disease in childhood as a special phenotype of SLE. The relevance of the study of jSLE arises from the variability of clinical manifestations and the unpredictability of the course, the difficulty of early diagnosis, the rapid development of organ damage and the unfavorable life prognosis.The article presents the most important modern data on the diagnosis, classification, features of the clinical picture and treatment approaches of jSLE from a practical point of view.
Creaciones Telúricas, como emanación de las Artes de la Madre Tierra en contextos formativos
Authors: Gari Muriel Gary 
Published: April 2024

Este artículo presenta una síntesis de la reflexión generada sobre un espectro de acontecimientos creadores que he denominado Creaciones Telúricas, configurados en el marco de un proceso de tesis doctoral adelantada en interacciones sinérgicas desarrolladas con diferentes actantes vinculados a procesos formativos de comunidades académicas y activistas, con quienes se adelantó el proceso investigativo. Partiendo del análisis acerca de los modos de hacer, asumidos desde la investigación creación (Gómez, 2021) y las ecologías de saberes (Santos, 2019), se destacan los principales hallazgos en torno a procedimientos emergentes en los ámbitos de las visualidades y las sonoridades; así como en el plano de las cosechas epistémico-espirituales no hegemónicas. Las conclusiones destacan la importancia del enfoque biocéntrico del proyecto; y señalan algunas posibles variantes a seguir en procesos de formación artística escolar.
Comparative analysis of ventricular stiffness across species
Authors: Usui Yuu , Hanashima Akira , Hashimoto Ken , Kimoto Misaki , Ohira Momoko , Mohri Satoshi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractInvestigating ventricular diastolic properties is crucial for understanding the physiological cardiac functions in organisms and unraveling the pathological mechanisms of cardiovascular disorders. Ventricular stiffness, a fundamental parameter that defines ventricular diastolic functions in chordates, is typically analyzed using the end‐diastolic pressure–volume relationship (EDPVR). However, comparing ventricular stiffness accurately across chambers of varying maximum volume capacities has been a long‐standing challenge. As one of the solutions to this problem, we propose calculating a relative ventricular stiffness index by applying an exponential approximation formula to the EDPVR plot data of the relationship between ventricular pressure and values of normalized ventricular volume by the ventricular weight. This article reviews the potential, utility, and limitations of using normalized EDPVR analysis in recent studies. Herein, we measured and ranked ventricular stiffness in differently sized and shaped chambers using ex vivo ventricular pressure‐volume analysis data from four animals: Wistar rats, red‐eared slider turtles, masu salmon, and cherry salmon. Furthermore, we have discussed the mechanical effects of intracellular and extracellular viscoelastic components, Titin (Connectin) filaments, collagens, physiological sarcomere length, and other factors that govern ventricular stiffness. Our review provides insights into the comparison of ventricular stiffness in different‐sized ventricles between heterologous and homologous species, including non‐model organisms.
Discrimination of five commercial Guibourtia wood species using terahertz time domain spectroscopy combined with machine learning approaches
Authors: Yu Min , Wang Jinbo , Yang Meng , Wang Jiajun , Zhou Liang , Qian Liangcun , Gao Junlan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Terahertz waves hold significant potential for applications in wood identification, owing to their good penetration and distinctive fingerprints in wood. This study focuses on wood samples from five different Guibourtia species as the research objects. The terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) is employed to acquire the spectroscopic signals of the wood samples and to extract their optical parameter data. The THz refractive indices are dimensionally reduced through principal component analysis (PCA), and three machine learning models, namely partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), random forest (RF), and support vector machine (SVM), are employed to classify the wood of five different Guibourtia species. Time delays of the wood samples from five different Guibourtia species are concentrated in the range of 60–62 ps and exhibit different amplitudes in the frequency domain. Refractive indices showed significant variations within the THz band. PCA for dimensionality reduction of terahertz time-domain spectral data significantly improves the recognition rate of machine learning models. Applying PCA to the refractive index data, the RF model achieves a highest recognition rate of 96.9 % and an overall classification accuracy of 98 %. Current results demonstrate that THz-TDS enables rapid, accurate, and non-destructive classification and identification of wood from the Guibourtia species.
Prenatal presentation of a hyperfunctioning thyroid nodule
Authors: Scrushy Marinda G. , Liu Christopher , Lopez Ximena , Diesen Diana 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Fetal and neonatal hyperthyroidism are most commonly seen in patients whose mothers have Graves’ disease. Rarely, it can be caused by non-autoimmune conditions. As these conditions are rare, the workup and treatment is not uniform and can lead to persistent symptoms and long-term negative health effects.

Case presentation
This report describes a patient with congenital hyperthyroidism from a toxic adenoma presenting with fetal tachycardia. The patient was initially managed medically after birth, but was eventually treated with thyroidectomy.

Conclusions
This case report highlights an additional, important, differential diagnosis for fetal hyperthyroidism when maternal Graves’ disease has been ruled out.
Coherent light-emitting metasurfaces based on bound states in the continuum
Authors: Farazi Soheil , Tadigadapa Srinivas 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
An emergent need exists for solid state tunable coherent light emitters in the mid-infrared range for spectroscopy, sensing, and communication applications where current light sources are dominated by spontaneous emitters. This paper demonstrates a distinct class of coherent thermal emitters operating in the mid-infrared wavelength regime. The structure of the light source consists of a dielectric metasurface fabricated on a phononic substrate. In this study, we present the first implementation of off-Γ Friedrich–Wintgen bound states in the continuum at mid-infrared wavelengths suitable for developing the next generation of coherent light emitters. Numerical analysis of the emissivity spectrum reveals the interference of resonances leading to avoided crossings and the formation of Friedrich–Wintgen bound states in the radiation spectrum. Additionally, significant localized field enhancements are observed within the metasurface at operating wavelengths. The emissivity spectra measured by reflectivity and emission experiments exhibit temporally coherent emission peaks in the vicinity of the bound state in the continuum, the first such demonstration in the mid-infrared region for wavelengths longer than 7 µm. These results represent a new approach for significant advancement in realizing mid-infrared coherent light emitters with promising implications for future technologies.