bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SCAR32: Functional characterization and expansion of the clinical‐genetic spectrum
Authors: Naef Valentina , Lieto Maria , Satolli Sara , De Micco Rosa , Troisi Martina , Pasquariello Rosa , Doccini Stefano , Privitera Flavia , Filla Alessandro , Tessitore Alessandro , Santorelli Filippo Maria 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveBiallelic mutations in PRDX3 have been linked to autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia type 32. In this study, which aims to contribute to the growing body of knowledge on this rare disease, we identified two unrelated patients with mutations in PRDX3. We explored the impact of PRDX3 mutation in patient skin fibroblasts and the role of the gene in neurodevelopment.MethodsWe performed trio exome sequencing that identified mutations in PRDX3 in two unrelated patients. We also performed functional studies in patient skin fibroblasts and generated a “crispant” zebrafish (Danio rerio) model to investigate the role of the gene during nervous system development.ResultsOur study reports two additional patients. Patient 1 is a 19‐year‐old male who showed a novel homozygous c.525_535delGTTAGAAGGTT (p. Leu176TrpfsTer11) mutation as the genetic cause of cerebellar ataxia. Patient 2 is a 20‐year‐old male who was found to present the known c.425C>G/p. Ala142Gly variant in compound heterozygosity with the p. Leu176TrpfsTer11 one. While the fibroblast model failed to recapitulate the pathological features associated with PRDX3 loss of function, our functional characterization of the prdx3 zebrafish model revealed motor defects, increased susceptibility to reactive oxygen species‐triggered apoptosis, and an impaired oxygen consumption rate.ConclusionsWe identified a new variant, thereby expanding the genetic spectrum of PRDX3‐related disease. We developed a novel zebrafish model to investigate the consequences of prdx3 depletion on neurodevelopment and thus offered a potential new tool for identifying new treatment opportunities.
3D Digital Holography Investigations of Giant Photostriction Effect in MAPbBr3 Perovskite Single Crystals
Authors: Liu Dong , Wu Jialin , Lu Ying‐Bo , Zhao Yiyang , Jiang Xianyuan , Wang Kai‐Li , Wang Hao , Dong Liang , Cong Wei‐Yan , Chen Hao , Ning Zhijun , Wang Zhao‐Kui , Guan ChengBo , Wu Zhongchen , Ling Zongcheng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe photoinduced physics always is a critical but controversial question for the new optoelectronic materials of halide perovskites. A high‐quality MAPbBr3 single crystal is grown and the lattice expansion induced by variable power X‐ray irradiation is investigated.A photoinduced deformation measurement system utilizing the off‐axis holography technique is developed and constructed to measure and illuminate the global photo‐induced deformation of MAPbBr3. Under a 473 nm laser with a power of 50 mW, MAPbBr3 exhibits an average maximum relative deformation of 1.27 × 10−3, demonstrating its remarkable photosensitivity and robust geometric response capabilities. Digital holography reveals photostriction as a localized phenomenon, reflecting the localization effect of the photogenerated carriers. The energetic and spatial transitions of those photogenerated carriers weaken the interatomic forces and in turn straighten the Pb─Br─Pb frameworks, expanding the lattice. This geometric change and the corresponding electronic impact are verified by Raman spectra, photoluminescence measurements, and first‐principle calculations. The methods and results are significant for future research on light‐induced phenomena in perovskites and other solid materials.
Epitaxial Growth of Hierarchical CuxS Heterostructures for Broadband Dielectric Response
Authors: Zhang Huibin , Zhou Xiaodi , Yuan Mingyue , Du Yiqian , Xiong Xuhui , Lv Xiaowei , Liu Yihao , Lv Hualiang , Lai Yuxiang , Pan Deng , Che Renchao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWhen interacting with an external Electromagnetic (EM) field, symmetric nanostructures, characterized by their periodic crystalline arrangement, typically resonate at specific frequencies. This resonance enhances local electromagnetic fields, leading to strong EM absorption, yet within a narrow absorption range. Conversely, asymmetric nanostructures, distinguished by their complex electric field polarization and distributions, provide broader frequency responses, albeit with generally weaker electromagnetic loss across the broadband. Therefore, striking a balance between wideband and strong absorption using either symmetric or asymmetric nanostructures remains a challenge. Here, a nanostructured epitaxial step‐growth technique is demonstrated that fabricates a CuxS multilevel rod‐like heterostructure with overall axial symmetry. This structure introduces localized asymmetry through variations in a component hierarchy and multilevel rod dimensions during the epitaxial growth process, effectively addressing the aforementioned balance between wideband and strong absorption. Experimental evidence and theoretical simulations confirm that nanostructures possessing these characteristics achieve efficient broadband absorption across a 6.3 GHz bandwidth with just 2.0 mm thickness, owing to the generation of multiple continuous local electric fields and enhanced electric field polarization. It is convincing that this methodology and design concept hold enlightening significance for advancing material and technological innovations in the realm of broadband absorption.
Lattice‐Disordered High‐Entropy Alloy Engineered by Thermal Dezincification for Improved Catalytic Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Huang Kang , Cao Xun , Lu Yu , Xiu Mingzhen , Cui Kang , Zhang Bowei , Shi Wencong , Xia Jiuyang , Woods Lilia M. , Zhu Siyu , Wang Zheng , Guo Chunxian , Li Changming , Liu Zheng , Wu Junsheng , Huang Yizhong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA disordered crystal structure is an asymmetrical atomic lattice resulting from the missing atoms (vacancies) or the lattice misarrangement in a solid‐state material. It has been widely proven to improve the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) process. In the present work, due to the special physical properties (the low evaporation temperature of below 900 °C), Zn is utilized as a sacrificial component to create senary PtIrNiCoFeZn high‐entropy alloy (HEA) with highly disordered lattices. The structure of the lattice‐disordered PtIrNiCoFeZn HEA is characterized by the thermal diffusion scattering (TDS) in transmission electron microscope. Density functional theory calculations reveal that lattice disorder not only accelerates both the Volmer step and Tafel step during the HER process but also optimizes the intensity and distribution of projected density of states near the Fermi energy after the H2O and H adsorption. Anomalously high alkaline HER activity and stability are proven by experimental measurements. This work introduces a novel approach to preparing irregular lattices offering highly efficient HEA and a TDS characterization method to reveal the disordered lattice in materials. It provides a new route toward exploring and developing the catalytic activities of materials with asymmetrically disordered lattices.
Rapid‐Response Water‐Shrink Films with High Output Work Density Based on Polyethylene Oxide and α‐Cyclodextrin for Autonomous Wound Closure
Authors: Yi Junqi , Ren Xueyang , Li Yanzhen , Yuan Yuehui , Tang Wenjie , Wang Xiaoshi , Yu Jing , Yu Shujin , Li Wenlong , Wang Jianwu , Loh Xian Jun , Hu Benhui , Chen Xiaodong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractConventional wound closure methods, including sutures and tissue adhesives, present significant challenges for self‐care treatment, particularly in the context of bleeding wounds. Existing stimuli‐responsive contractile materials designed for autonomous wound closure frequently lack sufficient output work density to generate the force needed to bring the wound edges into proximity or necessitate stimuli that are not compatible with the human body. Here, semi‐transparent, flexible, and water‐responsive shrinkable films, composed of poly(ethylene oxide) and α‐cyclodextrin, are reported. These films exhibit remarkable stability under ambient conditions and demonstrate significant contraction (≈50%) within 6 s upon exposure to water, generating substantial contractile stress (up to 6 MPa) and output work density (≈1028 kJ m−3), which is 100 times larger than that of conventional hydrogel and 25 times larger than that of skeletal muscles. Remarkably, upon hydration, these films are capable of lifting objects 10 000 times their own weight. Leveraging this technology, water‐shrink tapes, which, upon contact with water, effectively constrict human skin and autonomously close bleeding wounds in animal models within 10 seconds, are developed further. This work offers a novel approach to skin wound management, showing significant potential for emergency and self‐care scenarios.
Interface Design beyond Epitaxy: Oxide Heterostructures Comprising Symmetry‐Forbidden Interfaces
Authors: Wang Hongguang , Harbola Varun , Wu Yu‐Jung , van Aken Peter A. , Mannhart Jochen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEpitaxial growth of thin‐film heterostructures is generally considered the most successful procedure to obtain interfaces of excellent structural and electronic quality between 3D materials. However, these interfaces can only join material systems with crystal lattices of matching symmetries and lattice constants. This article presents a novel category of interfaces, the fabrication of which is membrane‐based and does not require epitaxial growth. These interfaces therefore overcome the limitations imposed by epitaxy. Leveraging the additional degrees of freedom gained, atomically clean interfaces are demonstrated between threefold symmetric sapphire and fourfold symmetric SrTiO3. Atomic‐resolution imaging reveals structurally well‐defined interfaces with a novel moiré‐type reconstruction.
High‐Entropy Transition Metal Phosphorus Trichalcogenides for Rapid Sodium Ion Diffusion
Authors: Huang Song , Qiu Zanlin , Zhong Jiang , Wu Shengqiang , Han Xiaocang , Hu Wenchao , Han Ziyi , Cheng Wing Ni , Luo Yan , Meng Yuan , Hu Zuyang , Zhou Xuan , Guo Shaojun , Zhu Jian , Zhao Xiaoxu , Li Cheng Chao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHigh‐entropy strategies are regarded as a powerful means to enhance performance in energy storage fields. The improved properties are invariably ascribed to entropy stabilization or synergistic cocktail effect. Therefore, the manifested properties in such multicomponent materials are usually unpredictable. Elucidating the precise correlations between atomic structures and properties remains a challenge in high‐entropy materials (HEMs). Herein, atomic‐resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy annular dark field (STEM‐ADF) imaging and four dimensions (4D)‐STEM are combined to directly visualize atomic‐scale structural and electric information in high‐entropy FeMnNiVZnPS3. Aperiodic stacking is found in FeMnNiVZnPS3 accompanied by high‐density strain soliton boundaries (SSBs). Theoretical calculation suggests that the formation of such structures is attributed to the imbalanced stress of distinct metal‐sulfur bonds in FeMnNiVZnPS3. Interestingly, the electric field concentrates along the two sides of SSBs and gradually diminishes toward the two‐dimensional (2D) plane to generate a unique electric field gradient, strongly promoting the ion‐diffusion rate. Accordingly, high‐entropy FeMnNiVZnPS3 demonstrates superior ion‐diffusion coefficients of 10−9.7‐10−8.3 cm2 s−1 and high‐rate performance (311.5 mAh g−1 at 30 A g−1). This work provides an alternative way for the atomic‐scale understanding and design of sophisticated HEMs, paving the way for property engineering in multi‐component materials.
Direct Introduction of the 1‐Fluorocyclopropyl Group via Stille Cross‐Coupling – A Way of Getting Around Per‐ and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs)
Authors: Audet Florian , Donnard Morgan , Panossian Armen , Holstein Philipp M. , Bernier David , Pazenok Sergii , Leroux Frédéric R. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe are reporting the preparation and use in cross‐coupling reactions of a newly developed, bench‐stable (1‐fluorocyclopropyl)metalloid reagent. The Stille cross‐coupling reaction described for this α‐fluorinated stannane reagent is amenable to a wide range of aryl and alkenyl (pseudo)halides bearing a variety of functional groups. An enantioenriched cross‐coupled product was also obtained from the corresponding 1‐fluorocyclopropyltin reagent bearing an ester handle. Finally, the chemical stability of the 1‐fluorocyclopropyl moiety was also demonstrated by performing several post‐functionalizations.
Polygenic Score for Conscientiousness Is a Protective Factor for Reversion from Mild Cognitive Impairment to Normal Cognition
Authors: Yang Xuan , Wang Zirui , Li Haonan , Qin Wen , Liu Nana , Liu Zhixuan , Wang Siqi , Xu Jiayuan , Wang Junping ,   for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: June 2024

AbstractSpontaneous reversion from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to normal cognition (NC) is little known. Based on the data of the Genetics of Personality Consortium and MCI participants from Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, the authors investigate the effect of polygenic scores (PGS) for personality traits on the reversion of MCI to NC and its underlying neurobiology. PGS analysis reveals that PGS for conscientiousness (PGS‐C) is a protective factor that supports the reversion from MCI to NC. Gene ontology enrichment analysis and tissue‐specific enrichment analysis indicate that the protective effect of PGS‐C may be attributed to affecting the glutamatergic synapses of subcortical structures, such as hippocampus, amygdala, nucleus accumbens, and caudate nucleus. The structural covariance network (SCN) analysis suggests that the left whole hippocampus and its subfields, and the left whole amygdala and its subnuclei show significantly stronger covariance with several high‐cognition relevant brain regions in the MCI reverters compared to the stable MCI participants, which may help illustrate the underlying neural mechanism of the protective effect of PGS‐C.
Development of a Highly Adaptive Miniature Piezoelectric Robot Inspired by Earthworms
Authors: Deng Jie , Liu Ziteng , Li Jing , Zhang Shijing , Liu Yingxiang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMiniature resonant piezoelectric robots have the advantages of compact structure, fast response, high speed, and easy control, which have attracted the interest of many scholars in recent years. However, piezoelectric robots usually suffer from the problem of poor adaptability due to the micron‐level amplitude at the feet. Inspired by the fact that earthworms have actuation trajectories all around their bodies to move flexibly under the ground, a miniature piezoelectric robot with circumferentially arranged driving feet to improve adaptability is proposed. Notably, a longitudinal‐vibration‐compound actuation principle with multilegged collaboration is designed to achieve the actuation trajectories around the robot, similar to the earthworms. The structure and operating principle are simulated by the finite element method, and the prototype is fabricated. The robot weighs 22.7 g and has dimensions of 35.5 × 36.5 × 47 mm3. The robot is tethered to an ultrasonic power supply, and the experimental results show that the speed reaches 179.35 mm s−1 under an exciting signal with a frequency of 58.5 kHz and a voltage of 200 Vp‐p. High adaptability is achieved by the proposed robot, it can move on flat, fold, concave, and convex surfaces, and even in an inclined or rotating tube.
Vanadium‐Based Cathodes Modification via Defect Engineering: Strategies to Support the Leap from Lab to Commercialization of Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zeng Xin , Gong Zhe , Wang Cheng , Cullen Patrick J. , Pei Zengxia 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn advancing aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs) toward commercial viability, vanadium (V)‐based cathodes are pivotal, offering broad redox ranges, and compatibility with water's electrochemical limits. Despite their great potentials, V‐based cathodes face challenges in transitioning from lab to commercialization. Defect engineering is exploited as a pivotal technique that endows the cathodes with unexpected physical and chemical properties to break the intrinsic bottleneck and, in turn, enhance their electrochemical performances. This review delves into the role of defect engineering on V‐based materials, underscoring its potential in mitigating the critical challenges. It starts by encapsulating the current characteristics of V‐based cathodes in AZIBs. Research efforts related to various defects, such as oxygen vacancies, cation vacancies, cationic doping, anionic doping, water intercalation, and lattice disorders/amorphization, are then rationalized and discussed. The fabrication and characterization techniques of defect engineering are also summarized. By integrating the conclusions from existing works and tailoring defect engineering strategies, a few perspectives are provided for systematically employing defect engineering to pave the way for a more efficient transition of these promising materials from laboratory breakthroughs to commercially viable energy storage solutions.
Rate and time of nitrogen fertilizer application for winter camelina
Authors: Gregg Stephen , Strock Jeffrey S. , Gesch Russ W. , Coulter Jeffrey A. , Garcia y Garcia Axel 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWinter camelina [Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz] is a potential third crop to diversify maize (Zea mays L.)–soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] rotations in the upper Midwest. Although generally considered a low‐input crop, empirical evidence suggests that it responds to added nitrogen (N) fertilization. However, optimum agronomic N rates have not been extensively studied in the region. A study was conducted from fall 2018 to fall 2020 at three locations to assess the effects of N fertilizer application time (all N‐rate applied in spring and N‐rate split applied in fall and spring) and rates on biomass and seed yield, and quality of winter camelina. Nitrogen application time did not affect yields. Both biomass and seed yields were greatly affected by N rates at all locations. Nitrogen had minimal effects on the oil and protein content of seeds, although greater N rates were associated with a slight decrease in oil content and a slight increase in protein content. The number of branches and silicles per plant varied significantly with N rates in all locations. The seed‐to‐silicle ratio showed significant differences in two out of three locations. Residual soil N increased with increasing N rates. A fertilization rate of 67 kg ha−1 provided the highest camelina seed yield. While this study has determined the agronomic maximum rate for applied N, further economic analysis could provide comprehensive decision‐making for farmers.
Multicenter prospective study on anastomotic leakage after right‐sided colon cancer surgery with laparoscopic intracorporeal overlap anastomosis (KYCC 2101)
Authors: Kazama Keisuke , Numata Masakatsu , Mushiake Hiroyuki , Sugano Nobuhiro , Godai Teni , Higuchi Akio , Ishiguro Tetsushi , Atsumi Yosuke , Shinoda Satoru , Saito Aya 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimIntracorporeal anastomosis (IA) is becoming increasingly popular and replacing extracorporeal anastomosis (EA) for reconstruction in laparoscopic and robotic surgery for right‐sided colon cancer (LSRCC). Intracorporeal overlap anastomosis (IOA) is the most widely used IA technique. This study aimed to examine the safety of IOA by investigating its short‐term results during the implementation phase.MethodsThis multicenter prospective cohort study was conducted by the Kanagawa Yokohama Colorectal Cancer (KYCC) Study Group. Patients with stage 1–3 colon cancer who planned to undergo LSRCC with IOA reconstruction were eligible. The incidence of anastomotic leakage (AL) of Clavien–Dindo (C–D) grade ≥3 was evaluated as the primary endpoint, and other surgical outcomes and postoperative complications of C–D grades ≥2 were the secondary endpoints.ResultsA total of 127 patients were enrolled, of whom 120 were finally analyzed. The incidence of C–D grade ≥2 complications was 8.3%. The incidence of C–D grade ≥3 AL was 0.8%. This trend was lower than that reported in previous randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and acceptable. Additionally, 1.7% of the patients developed abdominal abscesses, and no cases of anastomotic stenosis were observed. The median operative time was 257 min, and the reconstruction procedure required 32 min. Stapler closure of the enterotomy and facility experience of more than 30 cases were associated with a shorter reconstruction time during IOA.ConclusionIOA is feasible and can be safely performed during the implementation phase in patients undergoing LSRCC.
Copper‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Sulfinic Esters via Oxidative Coupling of Thiols or Disulfides with Alcohols
Authors: Taniguchi Nobukazu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe copper‐catalyzed coupling of thiols with alcohols was achieved under air atmosphere. The reaction proceeded smoothly in the presence of a base such as Cs2CO3 or Rb2CO3 affording sulfinic esters in good yields. Furthermore, disulfides were also available in the procedure. Both sulfide‐groups on disulfide were efficiently consumed.
Shape Shifting and Locking in Mechanically Responsive Organic‐Inorganic Hybrid Materials for Thermoelastic Actuators
Authors: Xu Ke , Zhou Zi‐Ning , Han Xiang‐Bin , Yang Ya‐Wen , Zhang Wen , Ye Qiong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe construction of mechanically responsive materials with reversible shape‐shifting, shape‐locking, and stretchability holds promise for a wide range of applications in fields such as soft robotics and flexible electronics. Here, we report novel thermoelastic one‐dimensional organic–inorganic hybrids (R/S‐Hmpy)PbI3 (Hmpy=2‐hydroxymethyl‐pyrrolidinium) to show mechanical responses. The single crystals undergo two phase transitions at 310 K and 380 K. When heated to 380 K, they show shape‐shifting and expansion along the b‐axis by about 13.4 %, corresponding to a larger deformation than that of thermally activated shape memory alloys (8.5 %), and exhibit a strong actuation force. During the cooling process, the stretched crystal shape maintains and a shape‐locking phenomenon occurs, which is lifted when the temperature decreases to 305 K. Meanwhile, due to the introduction of chiral ions, the thermal switching shows a 10‐fold second‐order nonlinear switching contrast (common values typically below 3‐fold). This study presents a thermoelastic actuator based on shape‐shifting and ‐locking of organic–inorganic hybrids for the first time. The dielectric and nonlinear optical switching properties of organic–inorganic hybrids broaden the range of applications of mechanically responsive crystals.