bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extending Baire property by uncountably many sets
Authors: Kawa Paweł , Pawlikowski Janusz 
Published: July 2010

AbstractWe show that for an uncountableκin a suitable Cohen real model for any family {Av}v<κof sets of reals there is aσ-homomorphismhfrom theσ-algebra generated by Borel sets and the setsAv, into the algebra of Baire subsets of 2κmodulo meager sets such that for all BorelB,The proof is uniform, works also for random reals and the Lebesgue measure, and in this way generalizes previous results of Carlson and Solovay for the Lebesgue measure and of Kamburelis and Zakrzewski for the Baire property.
Groupoids, covers, and 3-uniqueness in stable theories
Authors: Goodrick John , Kolesnikov Alexei 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBuilding on Hrushovski's work in [5], we study definable groupoids in stable theories and their relationship with 3-uniqueness and finite internal covers. We introduce the notion of retractability of a definable groupoid (which is slightly stronger than Hrushovski's notion of eliminability), give some criteria for when groupoids are retractable, and show how retractability relates to both 3-uniqueness and the splitness of finite internal covers. One application we give is a new direct method of constructing non-eliminable groupoids from witnesses to the failure of 3-uniqueness. Another application is a proof that any finite internal cover of a stable theory with a centerless liaison groupoid is almost split.
Reverse mathematics and Ramsey's property for trees
Authors: Corduan Jared , Groszek Marcia J. , Mileti Joseph R. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractWe show, relative to the base theory RCA0: A nontrivial tree satisfies Ramsey's Theorem only if it is biembeddable with the complete binary tree. There is a class of partial orderings for which Ramsey's Theorem for pairs is equivalent to ACA0. Ramsey's Theorem for singletons for the complete binary tree is stronger than . hence stronger than Ramsey's Theorem for singletons for ω. These results lead to extensions of results, or answers to questions, of Chubb, Hirst, and McNicholl [3].
Products of some special compact spaces and restricted forms of AC
Authors: Keremedis Kyriakos , Tachtsis Eleftherios 
Published: July 2010

AbstractWe establish the following results:1. In ZF (i.e., Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory minus the Axiom of Choice AC), for every set I and for every ordinal number α ≥ ω, the following statements are equivalent:(a) The Tychonoff product of ∣α∣ many non-empty finite discrete subsets of I is compact.(b) The union of ∣α∣ many non-empty finite subsets of I is well orderable.2. The statement: For every infinite set I, every closed subset of the Tychonoff product [0, 1]Iwhich consists offunctions with finite support is compact, is not provable in ZF set theory.3. The statement: For every set I, the principle of dependent choices relativised to I implies the Tychonoff product of countably many non-empty finite discrete subsets of I is compact, is not provable in ZF0 (i.e., ZF minus the Axiom of Regularity).4. The statement: For every set I, every ℵ0-sized family of non-empty finite subsets of I has a choice function implies the Tychonoff product of ℵ0many non-empty finite discrete subsets of I is compact, is not provable in ZF0.
Quantifier elimination in valued Ore modules
Authors: Bélair Luc , Point Françoise 
Published: July 2010

AbstractWe consider valued fields with a distinguished isometry or contractive derivation as valued modules over the Ore ring of difference operators. Under certain assumptions on the residue field, we prove quantifier elimination first in the pure module language, then in that language augmented with a chain of additive subgroups, and finally in a two-sorted language with a valuation map. We apply quantifier elimination to prove that these structures do not have the independence property.
A relative of the approachability ideal, diamond and non-saturation
Authors: Rinot Assaf 
Published: July 2010

AbstractLetλdenote a singular cardinal. Zeman, improving a previous result of Shelah, proved thattogether with 2λ=λ+implies ⋄Sfor everyS ⊆ λ+that reflects stationarily often.In this paper, for a setS ⊆ λ+, a normal subideal of the weak approachability ideal is introduced, and denoted byI[S; λ]. We say that the ideal isfatif it contains a stationary set. It is proved:1. ifI[S; λ] is fat, then NSλ+ ∣Sis non-saturated;2. ifI[S; λ] is fat and 2λ= λ+, then ⋄Sholds;3.implies thatI[S; λ] is fat for everyS⊆λ+that reflects stationarily often;4. it is relatively consistent with the existence of a supercompact cardinal thatfails, whileI[S; λ] is fat for every stationaryS ⊆ λ+that reflects stationarily often.The stronger principleis studied as well.
The consistency strength of choiceless failures of SCH
Authors: Apter Arthur W. , Koepke Peter 
Published: July 2010

AbstractWe determine exact consistency strengths for various failures of the Singular Cardinals Hypothesis (SCH) in the setting of the Zermelo-Fraenkel axiom system ZF without the Axiom of Choice (AC). By the new notion of parallel Prikry forcing that we introduce, we obtain surjective failures of SCH using only one measurable cardinal, including a surjective failure of Shelah's pcf theorem about the size of the power set of ℵω. Using symmetric collapses to ℵω,, or, we show that injective failures at ℵω,, orcan have relatively mild consistency strengths in terms of Mitchell orders of measurable cardinals. Injective failures of both the aforementioned theorem of Shelah and Silver's theorem that GCH cannot first fail at a singular strong limit cardinal of uncountable cofinality are also obtained. Lower bounds are shown by core model techniques and methods due to Gitik and Mitchell.
On the equational theory of projection lattices of finite von neumann factors
Authors: Herrmann Christian 
Published: July 2010

AbstractFor a finite von Neumann algebra factor M, the projections form a modular ortholattice L(M). We show that the equational theory of L(M) coincides with that of some resp. all L(ℂn×n ) and is decidable. In contrast, the uniform word problem for the variety generated by all L(ℂn×n) is shown to be undecidable.
On the Lattice of Intervals and Rough Sets
Authors: Grabowski Adam , Jastrzębska Magdalena 
Published: July 2010

On the Lattice of Intervals and Rough Sets
Rough sets, developed by Pawlak [6], are an important tool to describe a situation of incomplete or partially unknown information. One of the algebraic models deals with the pair of the upper and the lower approximation. Although usually the tolerance or the equivalence relation is taken into account when considering a rough set, here we rather concentrate on the model with the pair of two definable sets, hence we are close to the notion of an interval set. In this article, the lattices of rough sets and intervals are formalized. This paper, being essentially the continuation of [3], is also a step towards the formalization of the algebraic theory of rough sets, as in [4] or [9].
Responsabilità sociale e gestione etica dell'impresa tra profitto e primato della persona umana
Authors: Comite Ubaldo 
Published: July 2010

Responsabilità sociale e gestione etica dell'impresa tra profitto e primato della persona umana
Negli ultimi anni si è andato affermando in maniera crescente il concetto di responsabilità in ambito pubblico e privato. In tal senso, sia le imprese che le amministrazioni pubbliche hanno avviato in diversi contesti programmi di responsabilità sociale. Il punto di riferimento di imprenditori e manager non sono più, semplicemente, gli azionisti e gli investitori ma, accanto a questi stanno progressivamente subentrando altre categorie di soggetti ai quali, nel terzo millennio, l'impresa deve rendere conto, ovvero: lavoratori, fornitori, risparmiatori, cittadini, istituzioni sociali. L'attenzione sta dunque passando dagli shareholder agli stakeholder e da qui la necessità di munirsi di adeguati strumenti. La definizione di responsabilità sociale più diffusa è stata esplicitata dall'Unione Europea che l'ha definita come "Integrazione volontaria delle preoccupazioni sociali e ecologiche delle imprese nelle loro operazioni commerciali e nei loro rapporti con le parti interessate", integrazione da intendersi come risposta alle esigenze di innovazione delle pratiche di governo dell'impresa e del territorio. Attraverso la Responsabilità Sociale di Impresa si intende fare riferimento ad un modello di governance allargata, in base al quale chi governa l'impresa ha responsabilità che si estendono dall'osservanza dei doveri fiduciari nei riguardi della proprietà ad analoghi doveri fiduciari nei riguardi, in generale, di tutti gli stakeholder. Si tratta, dunque, di un concetto che si sta diffondendo rapidamente come approccio innovativo alla gestione aziendale, la cui valutazione globale non si limita più ad analizzare aspetti di carattere economico, ma tiene conto di valori quali la tutela ambientale, la salvaguardia della salute, il rispetto dei diritti umani, in altri termini dell'apporto sociale dell'attività posta in essere. Ancora, nella gestione d'impresa occorre coniugare due valori fondamentali: la creazione del profitto e il primato della persona umana, con particolare attenzione al suo sviluppo. Nell'impresa che viene gestita "eticamente" il perseguimento del profitto tende a collocarsi in un quadro più ampio di "creazione di valore" per tutti i soggetti che, direttamente o indirettamente, sono associati all'azienda. Guidare l'impresa con responsabilità significa farla crescere e conseguentemente far progredire la società nel suo insieme. In tal senso, il contributo intende proporre una riflessione sul concetto di Responsabilità Sociale di Impresa complessivamente inteso, in rapporto all'etica degli affari.
The History of Greek Catholic Church in Slovakia
Authors: Šturák Peter 
Published: July 2010

The History of Greek Catholic Church in Slovakia
This contribution deals with history of Greek Catholic Church since 1818 till present time. It is concerned, among others, with history of the Eparchy of Prešov, with very long and very complicated way of its development. The most important event in the history of the Greek Catholic Church in Slovakia was a visit of Holy Father John Paul II in Prešov and commemoration of bishop-martyr Pavol Peter Gojdiĉ.
Der Ritus der Priesterweihe nach dem Archijeratikon von Prešov
Authors: Boháč Vojtech 
Published: July 2010

Der Ritus der Priesterweihe nach dem Archijeratikon von Prešov
Der Artikel behandelt den Ritus der Priesterweihe in der Eparchie Prešov nach der Ordnung der zwei Archijeratika, die in der Geschichte der Eparchie benutzt wurden. Der erste Archijeratikon wurde 1740 in Zamošt' herausgegeben, der zweite Archijeratikon wurde 1973 vom Römischen apostolischen Stuhl herausgegeben. Durch den Vergleich der Riten der Priesterweihe in beiden Archijeratika wird eine Kontinuität der Riten sehr deutlich, die sich nur wenig Unterscheiden.
Surgical management and outcome of schwannomas in the craniocervical region
Authors: Cavalcanti Daniel D. , Martirosyan Nikolay L. , Verma Ketan , Safavi-Abbasi Sam , Porter Randall W. , Theodore Nicholas , Sonntag Volker K. H. , Dickman Curtis A. , Spetzler Robert F. 
Published: July 2010

Object
Schwannomas occupying the craniocervical junction (CCJ) are rare and usually originate from the jugular foramen, hypoglossal nerves, and C-1 and C-2 nerves. Although they may have different origins, they may share the same symptoms, surgical approaches, and complications. An extension of these lesions along the posterior fossa cisterns, foramina, and spinal canal—usually involving various cranial nerves (CNs) and the vertebral and cerebellar arteries—poses a surgical challenge. The primary goals of both surgical and radiosurgical management of schwannomas in the CCJ are the preservation and restoration of function of the lower CNs, and of hearing and facial nerve function. The origins of schwannomas in the CCJ and their clinical presentation, surgical management, adjuvant stereotactic radiosurgery, and outcomes in 36 patients treated at Barrow Neurological Institute (BNI) are presented.

Methods
Between 1989 and 2009, 36 patients (mean age 43.6 years, range 17–68 years) with craniocervical schwannomas underwent surgical resection at BNI. The records were reviewed retrospectively regarding clinical presentation, radiographic assessment, surgical approaches, adjuvant therapies, and follow-up outcomes.

Results
Headache or neck pain was present in 72.2% of patients. Cranial nerve impairments, mainly involving the vagus nerve, were present in 14 patients (38.9%). Motor deficits were found in 27.8% of the patients. Sixteen tumors were intra- and extradural, 15 were intradural, and 5 were extradural. Gross-total resection was achieved in 25 patients (69.4%). Adjunctive radiosurgery was used in the management of residual tumor in 8 patients; tumor control was ultimately obtained in all cases.

Conclusions
Surgical removal, which is the treatment of choice, is curative when schwannomas in the CCJ are excised completely. The far-lateral approach and its variations are our preferred approaches for managing these lesions. Most common complications involve deficits of the lower CNs, and their early recognition and rehabilitation are needed. Stereotactic radiosurgery, an important tool for the management of these tumors as adjuvant therapy, can help decrease morbidity rates.
The role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, aquaporin-4, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in blood-brain barrier disruption and brain edema after traumatic brain injury
Authors: Higashida Tetsuhiro , Kreipke Christian W. , Rafols José A. , Peng Changya , Schafer Steven , Schafer Patrick , Ding Jamie Y. , Dornbos David , Li Xiaohua , Guthikonda Murali , Rossi Noreen F. , Ding Yuchuan 
Published: July 2010

Object
The present study investigated the role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), aquaporin-4 (AQP-4), and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability alterations and brain edema formation in a rodent traumatic brain injury (TBI) model.

Methods
The brains of adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (400–425 g) were injured using the Marmarou closed-head force impact model. Anti–AQP-4 antibody, minocycline (an inhibitor of MMP-9), or 2-methoxyestradiol (2ME2, an inhibitor of HIF-1α), was administered intravenously 30 minutes after injury. The rats were killed 24 hours after injury and their brains were examined for protein expression, BBB permeability, and brain edema. Expression of HIF-1α, AQP-4, and MMP-9 as well as expression of the vascular basal lamina protein (laminin) and tight junction proteins (zona occludens-1 and occludin) was determined by Western blotting. Blood-brain barrier disruption was assessed by FITC-dextran extravasation, and brain edema was measured by the brain water content.

Results
Significant (p < 0.05) edema and BBB extravasations were observed following TBI induction. Compared with sham-operated controls, the injured animals were found to have significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced expression of HIF-1α, AQP-4, and MMP-9, in addition to reduced amounts (p < 0.05) of laminin and tight junction proteins. Edema was significantly (p < 0.01) decreased after inhibition of AQP-4, MMP-9, or HIF-1α. While BBB permeability was significantly (p < 0.01) ameliorated after inhibition of either HIF-1α or MMP-9, it was not affected following inhibition of AQP-4. Inhibition of MMP reversed the loss of laminin (p < 0.01). Finally, while inhibition of HIF-1α significantly (p < 0.05) suppressed the expression of AQP-4 and MMP-9, such inhibition significantly (p < 0.05) increased the expression of laminin and tight junction proteins.

Conclusions
The data support the notion that HIF-1α plays a role in brain edema formation and BBB disruption via a molecular pathway cascade involving AQP-4 and MMP-9. Pharmacological blockade of this pathway in patients with TBI may provide a novel therapeutic strategy.
The Origins of the Russian Chernozem Soil (Black Earth): Franz Joseph Ruprecht's 'Geo-Botanical Researches into the Chernozem' of 1866
Authors: Fedotova Anastasia A. 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
This article analyses the contribution of the Austrian-born Russian scientist, Franz Joseph Ruprecht (1814-70) to the development of geobotany in general and to the controversial issue of the origins of the very fertile chernozem (Black Earth) of the steppe region of the Russian Empire. On the basis of careful field work and microscopic analysis of samples of chernozem, Ruprecht argued, in an important article published in St Petersburg in 1866, that the organic matter in the soil was decomposed steppe grasses. Thus, the chernozem was of steppe origins, not forest or peat as had been assumed by most scientists prior to his researches. Ruprechtt's work laid the basis for the later, and better known, work on the chernozem by pioneering soil scientist Vasilii Dokuchaev (1846-1903). The article places Ruprecht's researches in the context of contemporary social, economic, and political as well as scientific developments.
Prehistory of Southern African Forestry: From Vegetable Garden to Tree Plantation
Authors: Showers Kate B. 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Desiccationist discourses and fears dominated official concern in nineteenth and early twentieth century southern Africa grassland ecosytsems. When scientific forestry arrived in Cape Town, government bureaucracies changed and Africa's first forestry department was created. Yet there were few trees in southern African grassland ecosystems requiring a forest service. Tree planting was advocated. The introduction of alien trees and their spread from coast to interior preceded that of the concept of forestry. The earliest source of tree planting materials was Cape Town's Dutch East India Company's garden, established in 1652. Gardens as the primary source of trees and planting information was formalised in the nineteenth century with the rise of botanical gardens. Missionaries and settlers planted fruit and fuel trees for subsistence, and ornamentals for aesthetics while defining new frontiers. Despite officially sponsored tree planting competitions, it was private plantations of eucalyptus and acacia trees to supply the needs of mines, industry and the wattle bark export market, and not afforestation campaigns, that led to significant tree cover. Tree introductions did change southern African hydrologies, but not in the way imagined by anti-desiccationist campaigners: streams dried up and water tables dropped. Tree planting was regulated as a threat to South African water supplies in the late twentieth century, and plans were made to 'deforest' the landscape to enhance water storage.
The Nature Conservation Movement in Post-War Japan
Authors: Knight Catherine 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Like many other developed or developing nations, Japan has found itself faced with the challenge of finding the balance between the economic and social needs of its nation on the one hand and the protection of its natural environment on the other, something that has been particularly challenging in the post-war decades of high economic growth rates. In this process, the national nature conservation movement has played an important role in counter-balancing the power of the pro-development forces in Japan. However, owing to a number of factors, both social and political, its influence has remained limited. This paper explores those factors, and outlines recent developments which may lead to both a greater emphasis on the greater participation of non-governmental organisations in the political process, and a greater emphasis on the protection of the natural environment.
Book Reviews
Authors: Barca Stefania , Withers Charles 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Chad Montrie, Making a Living: Work and Environment in the United States (Stefania Barca)
Elizabeth Baigent and Robert J. Mayhew (eds.), English Geographies 1600-1950: Historical Essays on English Customs, Cultures, and Communities in Honour of Jack Langton (Charles Withers)
Empfehlungen zur Durchführung der Ganz körper-18F-FDG-PET und -PET/CT bei Kindern mit onkologischen Erkrankungen
Authors: Stauss J. , Pfluger T. , Juergens K. U. , Kluge R. , Amthauer H. , Juergens H. , Henze G. , Stoever B. , Hahn K. , Franzius C. 
Published: July 2010

SummaryThe purpose of these guidelines is to offer the nuclear medicine and the appropriate interdisciplinary team a framework for performing and reporting positron emission tomography (PET) and the combination with computed tomography (PET/CT) in children with malignant diseases mainly using the radiopharmaceutical 18F-fluorodeoxy-glucose (FDG). These guidelines are based on the recent guidelines of the Paediatric Committee of the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM) (57) and have been translated and adapted to the current conditions in Germany. The adaptation of CT-parameters using PET/CT in children is covered in a more detailed way than in the EANM guideline taking into account that in Germany already a good portion of PET examinations is performed using an integrated PET/CT-scanner. Furthermore, a CT-scan without adaption of the CT acquisition parameters would result in a not tolerably high radiation exposition of the child. There are excellent guidelines for FDG PET and PET/CT in oncology published by the German Society of Nuclear Medicine (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Nuklearmedizin, DGN) (42) and EANM (4). These guidelines aim at providing additional information on issues particularly relevant to PET and PET/CT imaging in children. These guidelines should be taken in the context of local and national current standards of quality and rules.
Preventive interventions among children exposed to trauma of armed conflict: a literature review
Authors: Peltonen Kirsi , Punamäki Raija‐Leena 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIncreasing research is available on the preconditions for child mental health and optimal development in traumatic conditions, whereas less is known how to translate the findings into effective interventions to help traumatized children. This literature review analyses the effectiveness of psychosocial preventive interventions and treatments and their theoretical bases among children traumatized in the context of armed conflicts (war, military violence, terrorism and refugee). The first aim is to evaluate the effectiveness of preventive interventions in preventing emotional distress and impairment and promoting optimal emotional‐cognitive and social development. The second task is to analyze the nature of the underlying mechanisms for the success of preventive interventions, and the theoretical premises of the choice of intervention techniques, procedures and tools. We found 16 relevant published studies, but an examination of them revealed that only four of them had experimental designs strong enough that they could be included in the meta‐analysis. While the subjective reports of the researchers suggested that systematic preventive interventions were effective in decreasing PTSD and depressive symptoms among children traumatized due to armed conflict, the more objective results of the meta‐analysis and the weaknesses in designs uncovered during the meta‐analysis undermine such a conclusion. Additionally, a majority of the reported preventive interventions focused only on children's biased cognitive processes and negative emotions, while only a few aimed at influencing multiple domains of child development and improving developmental functioning on emotional, social and psychophysiological levels. It is concluded that substantial additional work needs to be done in developing effective preventive interventions and treatments for children traumatized by exposure to war and violence. Aggr. Behav. 36:95–116, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.