bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The atypical subthalamic nucleus—An anatomical variant relevant for stereotactic targeting
Authors: Reese René , Pinsker Markus O. , Herzog Jan , Wodarg Fritz , Steigerwald Frank , Pötter‐Nerger Monika , Falk Daniela , Deuschl Günther , Mehdorn H. Maximilian , Volkmann Jens 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBackground:The improvement of PD motor symptoms by DBS of the STN depends on exact targeting.Methods:A combination of MRI and multitrajectory microrecordings was used for localization of the STN in a group of 228 consecutive PD patients.Results:In 1% of our cases, the STN was consistently shifted in the anterior (3.3 ± 0.8mm) and medial (3.0 ± 0.9mm) direction within the target plane, compared to controls. Adjustment of the original target coordinates after intraoperative reevaluation of the MRI and confirmation by typical subthalamic neuronal recordings along the deviant trajectory allowed the implantation of clinically effective electrodes in all cases. The relative improvement of the motor UPDRS at 6‐months follow‐up in patients with an atypical and typical STN was comparable.Conclusion:An atypical position of the STN does not need to complicate DBS surgery, if detected by a combination of MRI‐based targeting and electrophysiological guidance. © 2012 Movement Disorder Society
Diagnostic agreement in patients with psychogenic movement disorders
Authors: Morgante Francesca , Edwards Mark J. , Espay Alberto J. , Fasano Alfonso , Mir Pablo , Martino Davide ,   on behalf of the DISMOV‐SIN study group on psychogenic movement disorders
Published: January 2012

AbstractBackground:The reliability and applicability of published diagnostic criteria for psychogenic movement disorders (PMDs) have never been examined.Methods:Eight movement disorder and six general neurologists rated 14 patients diagnosed with PMD and 14 patients diagnosed with organic movement disorders. Raters provided a dichotomous judgment (i.e., psychogenic or organic) upon review of video‐based movement phenomenology and a category of diagnostic certainty based on the Fahn‐Williams and Shill‐Gerber criteria after accessing standardized clinical information. We measured interobserver agreement on the diagnosis and clinical certainty judgment of PMD.Results:In both groups of raters, agreements were “fair” on the video‐based dichotomous judgment, but improved to “substantial” after access to standardized clinical information. “Slight” to “poor” agreement was reached for the “probable” and “possible” categories of diagnostic certainty corresponding to both diagnostic criteria.Conclusions:Diagnosis according to clinical available criteria for PMD yields poor diagnostic agreement. © 2012 Movement Disorder Society
Tunable light‐harvesting polymers containing embedded dipolar chromophores for polymer solar cell applications
Authors: Zeigler David F. , Chen Kung‐Shih , Yip Hin‐Lap , Zhang Yong , K.‐Y. Jen Alex 
Published: January 2012

AbstractA series of light‐harvesting conjugated polymers were designed and synthesized for polymer solar cells. These newly designed polymers comprise an unusual two‐dimensional conjugated structure with an electron‐rich thiophene–triphenylamine backbone and stable planar indacenodithiophene π‐bridges terminated with tunable electron acceptors. It was found that the electron‐withdrawing strength of the acceptor could be used to manipulate the energy level of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital and bandgap (as much as 0.3 eV), generating derivatives with complementary absorbance in the visible spectrum. This approach provides great flexibility in fine tuning the electronic and optical properties of the resultant polymers and facilitates the investigation of how these chemical modifications alter the subsequent photovoltaic properties of these materials. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012
Adhesion of U‐937 Monocytes on Different Amine‐functionalised Polymer Surfaces
Authors: St‐Georges‐Robillard Amélie , Ruiz Juan‐Carlos , Petit Alain , Wang Hong Tian , Mwale Fackson , Elkin Bentsian , Oehr Christian , Lerouge Sophie , Wertheimer Michael R. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractHuman U‐937 monocytes are notoriously reluctant to adhere to normally cell‐adhering surfaces, for example tissue‐culture poly(styrene). In earlier work, these laboratories observed that organic thin films prepared by plasma‐ or ultraviolet‐assisted polymerisation, so‐called PVP:N, did facilitate the adhesion and proliferation of U‐937 under the condition that the concentration of primary amines exceed a critical value, [NH2]crit ≥ 4.2 at.%. That criterion being satisfied by pristine Parylene diX AM, we have compared its performance with those of particular types of PVP:N, L‐PPE:N and UV‐PE:N. Here, we report a study of aging of these coating types in atmospheric air, then of time‐dependent adhesion of U‐937 cells. Although there are similarities, the coatings also manifest interesting differences that so far elude detailed understanding.magnified image
Behavior of bolted angle connection under catenary condition in fire
Authors: Saedi Daryan Amir , Yahyai Mahmoud 
Published: January 2012

SUMMARYThe behavior of bolted angle connections under the combination of shear and tensile forces is studied in this paper to simulate the force applied on a connection in a real fire. First, ansys is used to develop a 3D model of these connections. These models are analyzed in a similar condition to experimental tests, ignoring the tensile force, and the results are compared with those of the experimental tests. Having assured of the accuracy, we studied the connection models in several conditions under the combination of shear and tensile forces. The results show that the strength of connection is rapidly decreased when the temperature is increased, and the decrease pattern of connection strength is similar to decrease pattern of bolts used in the connection. Moreover, investigation of strength reduction value of these connections by the increase of temperature under shear and tensile forces obviously shows that it is possible that the failure of steel frames at elevated temperatures occurs at the connections, and thus utilization of catenary action to enhance the fire resistance of structural steel beams requires investigation of the capacity of steel connections to resist the tying forces generated at the ends of the beams. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and Properties of X‐Type Alkyl Sulfonate Gemini Surfactants Derived from Cyanuric Chloride
Authors: Li Pengfei , Chen Qihu , Zhao Jiale , Wang Hushan , Li Chen , Hu Zhiyong , Cao Duanlin 
Published: December 2011

AbstractA series of X‐type alkyl sulfonate Gemini surfactants (XCn, n = 6, 8, 10) was synthesized by a simple method. The chemical structures of the prepared compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, ESI–MS and Elementary analysis. The surface activity and thermodynamic properties of micellization of the X‐type alkyl sulfonate Gemini surfactants were compared with sodium dodecylsulfate by means of surface tension. The properties of XCn are superior to those of SDS such as the γCMC and CMC of XC10 are 26.3 mN/m and 0.2 mmol/L respectively. The adsorption isotherms for XCn were established by fitting the pre‐CMC surface tension data with a quadratic function. The thermodynamic parameters of micellization (, , ) derived from electrical conductivity indicate that the micellization of XCn is entropy‐driven.
Finite element model predictions of intracranial hemorrhage from non‐impact, rapid head rotations in the piglet
Authors: Coats Brittany , Eucker Stephanie A. , Sullivan Sarah , Margulies Susan S. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractClinicians are charged with the significant task of distinguishing between accidental and inflicted head trauma. Oftentimes this distinction is straightforward, but many times probabilities of injuries from accidental scenarios are unknown making the differential diagnosis difficult. For example, it is unknown whether intracranial hemorrhage (IH) can occur at a location other than a focal contact site following a low height fall. To create a foundation for predicting regional IH in infants, we sought to identify the biomechanical response and injury threshold best able to predict IH in 3–5 day old piglets. First, finite element (FE) model simulations of in situ animal studies were performed to ascertain the optimal representation of the pia‐arachnoid complex, cerebrospinal fluid and cortical vasculature (PCC) for predicting brain strain and brain/skull displacement. Second, rapid head rotations resulting in various degrees of IH were simulated (n = 24) to determine the biomechanical predictor and injury threshold most closely correlated with IH. FE models representing the PCC with either spring connectors or solid elements between the brain and skull resulted in peak brain strain and brain/skull displacement similar to measured values in situ. However, when predicting IH, the spring connector representation of the PCC had the best predictive capability for IH with a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 85% when ≥1% of all spring connectors had at least a peak strain of 0.31 mm/mm. These findings and reported methodology will be used in the development of a human infant FE model to simulate real‐world falls and identify injury thresholds for predicting IH in infants.
Reexamination of magnetic isotope and field effects on adenosine triphosphate production by creatine kinase
Authors: Crotty Darragh , Silkstone Gary , Poddar Soumya , Ranson Richard , Prina-Mello Adriele , Wilson Michael T. , Coey J. M. D. 
Published: December 2011

The influence of isotopically enriched magnesium on the creatine kinase catalyzed phosphorylation of adenosine diphosphate is examined in two independent series of experiments where adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentrations were determined by a luciferase-linked luminescence end-point assay or a real-time spectrophotometric assay. No increase was observed between the rates of ATP production with natural Mg,
24
Mg, and
25
Mg, nor was any significant magnetic field effect observed in magnetic fields from 3 to 1,000 mT. Our results are in conflict with those reported by Buchachenko et al. [J Am Chem Soc 130:12868–12869 (2008)], and they challenge these authors’ general claims that a large (two- to threefold) magnetic isotope effect is “universally observable” for ATP-producing enzymes [Her Russ Acad Sci 80:22–28 (2010)] and that “enzymatic phosphorylation is an ion-radical, electron-spin-selective process” [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101:10793–10796 (2005)].
Optimal structural inference of signaling pathways from unordered and overlapping gene sets
Authors: Acharya Lipi R. , Judeh Thair , Wang Guangdi , Zhu Dongxiao 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
Motivation: A plethora of bioinformatics analysis has led to the discovery of numerous gene sets, which can be interpreted as discrete measurements emitted from latent signaling pathways. Their potential to infer signaling pathway structures, however, has not been sufficiently exploited. Existing methods accommodating discrete data do not explicitly consider signal cascading mechanisms that characterize a signaling pathway. Novel computational methods are thus needed to fully utilize gene sets and broaden the scope from focusing only on pairwise interactions to the more general cascading events in the inference of signaling pathway structures.
Results: We propose a gene set based simulated annealing (SA) algorithm for the reconstruction of signaling pathway structures. A signaling pathway structure is a directed graph containing up to a few hundred nodes and many overlapping signal cascades, where each cascade represents a chain of molecular interactions from the cell surface to the nucleus. Gene sets in our context refer to discrete sets of genes participating in signal cascades, the basic building blocks of a signaling pathway, with no prior information about gene orderings in the cascades. From a compendium of gene sets related to a pathway, SA aims to search for signal cascades that characterize the optimal signaling pathway structure. In the search process, the extent of overlap among signal cascades is used to measure the optimality of a structure. Throughout, we treat gene sets as random samples from a first-order Markov chain model. We evaluated the performance of SA in three case studies. In the first study conducted on 83 KEGG pathways, SA demonstrated a significantly better performance than Bayesian network methods. Since both SA and Bayesian network methods accommodate discrete data, use a ‘search and score’ network learning strategy and output a directed network, they can be compared in terms of performance and computational time. In the second study, we compared SA and Bayesian network methods using four benchmark datasets from DREAM. In our final study, we showcased two context-specific signaling pathways activated in breast cancer.
Availibility: Source codes are available from http://dl.dropbox.com/u/16000775/sa_sc.zip
Contact: dzhu@wayne.edu
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Artemis: an integrated platform for visualization and analysis of high-throughput sequence-based experimental data
Authors: Carver Tim , Harris Simon R. , Berriman Matthew , Parkhill Julian , McQuillan Jacqueline A. 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
Motivation: High-throughput sequencing (HTS) technologies have made low-cost sequencing of large numbers of samples commonplace. An explosion in the type, not just number, of sequencing experiments has also taken place including genome re-sequencing, population-scale variation detection, whole transcriptome sequencing and genome-wide analysis of protein-bound nucleic acids.
Results: We present Artemis as a tool for integrated visualization and computational analysis of different types of HTS datasets in the context of a reference genome and its corresponding annotation.
Availability: Artemis is freely available (under a GPL licence) for download (for MacOSX, UNIX and Windows) at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute websites: http://www.sanger.ac.uk/resources/software/artemis/.
Contact: artemis@sanger.ac.uk; tjc@sanger.ac.uk
Influence of Cl‐ions on the pitting corrosion of boiler water‐wall tube and its principle
Authors: Xiong Shuhua , Zhu Zhiping , Jing Lingling 
Published: December 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of Cl‐ions on the pitting corrosion of water‐wall tube of a boiler and the principle behind it.Design/methodology/approachThe specimens were immersed for seven hours at 300°C in deaerated water subjected to simulation‐modified equilibrium phosphate treatment, containing Cl‐ions at various concentrations. The effects of Cl‐ions on pitting corrosion were assessed by the rate mass loss, transmission reflection metallurgical microscopy, SEM, EDS, and XRD.FindingsThe results indicated that Cl‐ions cause the breakdown of passive films. The corrosion mechanism of Cl‐is proposed to involve an intermediate dissolution stage. The Cl‐ions act as a catalyst of corrosion, by inducing the hydrolysis of Fe2+. The critical susceptive Cl‐concentrations are 0.2 and 0.6 mg·L‐1 for the passivated specimens and for the unpassivated specimens, respectively.Originality/valueThe paper provides information regarding the relationship between Cl‐concentrations and pitting corrosion, useful for understanding the mechanism of Cl‐induced pitting corrosion, and the research results can provide theoretical guidelines for preventing water‐wall of power plants from corroding.
Lean Six Sigma in a service context
Authors: Psychogios Alexandros G. , Atanasovski Jane , Tsironis Loukas K. 
Published: December 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate issues related to the application of Lean Six Sigma (L6σ) in a service industry. By adopting a case‐study approach this paper analytically explores the critical success factors that affect L6σ implementation.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopts a qualitative approach attempting to explore the nature of L6σ application in a service context. In particular, two case studies from the telecommunications industry have been selected. Secondary data were collected through an analysis of companies' documents, written procedures and quality assurance policies. Moreover, primary data were collected through a number of interviews with managers and quality experts.FindingsThere are particular factors that influence the implementation of L6σ in organizations, that can be distinguished in facilitators like Top Management Involvement & Support, Quality‐driven Organizational Culture, Quality‐driven Training, Top Down & Bottom Up Project Selection, Customer Satisfaction, Prior implementation of other quality improvement programs and Supportive Performance Management & IT Systems, and inhibitors such as Lack of Awareness for L6σ, Lack of Awareness for the Need of Continuous Quality Improvement Programs & L6σ, Lack of Strategic Orientation, Working Mentality & Habits.Research limitations/implicationsThe main limitation of the study is the fact that in both cases only managers and top administrators were approached. Frontline employees who are directly involved in L6σ approach may offer a clearer view on issues related to the impact of critical factors on L6σ application.Originality/valueThis study has four major advantages. First, it expands our understanding regarding the implementation of L6σ in a service industry, in which the application of management models is more complex and problematic. Second, it focuses on the responses of managers, who always play the most significant role in the adoption of such techniques. Third, it explores the quality management initiatives in the telecommunications industry. Finally, it provides future studies with a L6σ multi‐factor application approach that can be further tested and developed.
A censored quantile regression analysis of employee stock options substitution for debt and the impact of SFAS 123R
Authors: Di Hui , Hanke Steven A. , Chiang Wei‐Chih 
Published: December 2011

PurposeThis paper aims to examine whether the substitution of employee stock options (ESOs) for debt occurs for firms with different tax status classifications throughout the conditional distribution of interest expense before and after the implementation of Statement of Financial Accounting Standard 123R (SFAS 123R).Design/methodology/approachThis study uses Censored Quantile Regression (CQR) to assess whether the substitution effect is dependent on firms' position in the conditional distribution of interest expense. Our sample firms are categorized into two groups: one group (tax‐sensitive) that is sensitive to additional deductions due to a moderate income level and the other group (tax‐insatiable) that is not sensitive because of very high income level.FindingsThe substitution effect is not present for firms with below medium level of interest expense. Only tax‐sensitive firms substitute at medium levels of interest expense while both tax‐sensitive and tax‐insatiable firms substitute at high levels of interest expense. Tax‐insatiable firms with very high levels of interest expense also substitute; however, tax‐sensitive firms with very high levels of interest expense only substitute after SFAS 123R required firms to report ESO expense in financial statements. We attribute the substitution patterns revealed by the CQR analysis to a positive relationship between interest expense and cost of debt.Originality/valueTo the authors' knowledge, this is the first paper to analyze firms' tax status classification impact on the substitution of ESO expense for interest expense across different levels of interest expense. Our application of CQR should benefit researchers who are interested in examining explanatory variables' impact at various points in the conditional distribution of the dependent variable. This study also refines the conjecture that ESOs are substitutes for debt by demonstrating that such relationship is dependent on the level of interest expense and tax status. Furthermore, the finding of firms substituting ESOs for debt provides accounting standard setters a reason to begin requiring firms to re‐measure the value of ESOs after the grant date until the exercise date.
Lessons learned: can a resource in common work?
Authors: vanDuinkerken Wyoma 
Published: December 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to report on the challenges and lessons learnt by the Texas A&M University Libraries' processing team when trying to implement a “resource in common” high‐density storage unit model between Texas A&M University Library and The University of Texas‐Austin Libraries.Design/methodology/approachThe case study draws on the experience of the Texas A&M University Libraries' processing team when the university funded the creation of a jointly owned remote storage unit, which foundation would rest on a “resource in common” model. The creation of a new library building allowed Texas A&M University Libraries to free up stack space in order to create new learning spaces to meet the needs of the library users. However, as the processing began, initial theories of what a “resource in common” was, how to implement a “resource in common” and resources needed to implement the “resource in common” model began to be questioned. This study examines the lessons learnt when trying to implement a “resource in common” model.FindingsBased on the experiences of the Texas A&M University Libraries' processing team, increased communication and early participation in the decision‐making stages is key when trying to implement a “resource in common” model. This processing team was responsible for updating the MARC records for all the items that were identified to go to the joint storage unit. They recognized that any collaborative venture of this magnitude required an excellent workflow and workload understanding by all parties, including those members of the TAMU Library initial project planning team who were active members on the initial library storage facility oversight committees. This understanding would allow everyone at TAMU involved in the massive project to have a clearer knowledge of the strains caused by the increased workload and could communicate to the full team the obstacles the library would be facing.Originality/valueThis paper introduces the idea of “resource in common” and will be of interest to all libraries facing both space and funding shortages who might be considering building a storage unit. These libraries might consider implementing a “resource in common” model as a way to solve these problems.
Where's the bio? Databases, Wikipedia, and the web
Authors: Soules Aline 
Published: December 2011

PurposeThis paper aims to compare biographical content for literary authors writing in English among Biography Reference Bank, Contemporary Authors Online, Wikipedia, and the web.Design/methodology/approachA sample of 500 names was gathered from curricula and textbooks used in English courses and searched in the Contemporary Authors Online portion of Literature Resource Center, Biography Reference Bank, Wikipedia, and the web; the results and content were compared.FindingsEach source has core content plus its own unique offerings and specific challenges, as evidenced in searching, evaluative techniques such as authority and currency, and content.Research limitations/implicationsThis study can only offer a small part of the picture of what information resides where and a single snapshot in time.Practical implicationsThis study will help librarians decide whether to subscribe to a biographical database. It also reinforces the need for evidence‐based practice in librarianship.Originality/valueWhile the study is only a small part of the picture, it still makes use of a significant sample size to validate/refute assumptions about the availability of biographical information and the sources studied.