bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of neuronal and glial serum biomarkers in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease: the MULTIMOGAD study
Authors: Marignier Romain , Villacieros-Álvarez Javier , Espejo Carmen , Arrambide Georgin , Fissolo Nicolás , Gutiérrez Lucía , Dinoto Alessandro , Mulero Patricia , Rubio-Flores Laura , Nieto Pablo , Alcalá Carmen , Meca-Lallana Jose E , Martínez-Garcia Pedro , Millán Jorge , Bernard-Valnet Raphaël , González Inés , Orvíz García Aida , Tellez Raquel , Navarro Laura , Presas-Rodríguez Silvia , Romero-Pinel Lucía , Martínez-Yélamos Sergio , Cuello Juan Pablo , Alonso Torres Ana Maria , Piñar Raquel , Álvarez Bravo Gary , Benyahya Lakhdar , Trouillet-Assant Sophie , Dyon-Tafani Virginie , Froment Tilikete Caroline , Ruet Aurelie , Bourre Bertrand , Deschamps Romain , Papeix Caroline , Maillart Elisabeth , Kerschen Philippe , Ayrignac Xavier , Rovira Alex , Auger Cristina , Audoin Bertrand , Montalban Xavier , Tintore Mar , Mariotto Sara , Cobo-Calvo Alvaro 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundSerum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) and serum glial fibrillary acidic protein (sGFAP) have emerged as important biomarkers in multiple sclerosis (MS) and aquaporin-4 seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (AQP4-NMOSD). However, their interest in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) remains unclear. Our aim was to characterise sNfL and sGFAP profile and analyse their usefulness in predicting relapses and disability in MOGAD.MethodsRetrospective study of adult MOGAD patients with serum samples collected at baseline (≤3 months from disease onset) and follow-up (>6 months from baseline sample). sNfL and sGFAP were analysed using Simoa HD-1, and values were compared across time-points. The association between biomarkers and clinical variables and their predictive value for disability and relapses were analysed.ResultsEighty-nine MOGAD patients were included. Baseline sNfL and sGFAP values were high at baseline and decreased over time (p<0.001, p=0.027, respectively). sNfL and sGFAP values were associated with Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) at attacks (β 0.15 (0.06; 0.25), p=0.002; β 0.14 (0.07; 0.21), p<0.001, respectively) and were lower in optic neuritis presentations (β −0.69 (−1.18; −0.19), p=0.007; β −0.42 (−0.76; −0.08), p=0.016). Biomarker deltas[Δ] (baseline values – second samples values) were associated with ΔEDSS (initial EDSS - final EDSS) (ΔsNfL β 0.52 (0.01; 1.04), p=0.046; ΔsGFAP β 1.07 (0.38; 1.75), p=0.003). Finally, sNfL values independently predicted the risk of relapses (HR 2.06 (1.41; 3.01), p<0.001).ConclusionsOur results on sNfL and sGFAP suggest initial neuro-axonal and astrocytic damage in MOGAD and the utility of these biomarkers at onset and follow-up in predicting clinical recovery and relapses.
Clinical-radiological presentation and natural history of iatrogenic cerebral amyloid angiopathy
Authors: Fandler-Höfler Simon , Kaushik Kanishk , Storti Benedetta , Pikija Slaven , Mallon Dermot , Ambler Gareth , Damavandi Payam Tabaee , Panteleienko Larysa , Canavero Isabella , van Walderveen Marianne A A , van Etten Ellis S , DiFrancesco Jacopo Cosimo , Enzinger Christian , Gattringer Thomas , Bersano Anna , Wermer Marieke J H , Banerjee Gargi , Werring David J 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundWe aimed to describe neuroimaging features, clinical profiles and long-term outcomes in patients with iatrogenic cerebral amyloid angiopathy (iCAA).MethodsWe performed a systematic literature search for case series of iCAA and included individual patients and their longitudinal clinical and neuroimaging data in this pooled cohort study. Patients meeting a modified version of the Queen Square criteria for iCAA were included. Baseline and follow-up MRIs were centrally analysed for markers of CAA using validated rating scales.ResultsWe included 51 patients (68.6% male, median age at presentation 48 years), 51.0% with probable and 49.0% with possible iCAA. We evaluated 219 MRIs acquired over a median follow-up time of 3.7 years (IQR 1.8–6.4). There were 43 symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhages (ICH) in 24 patients during follow-up, a rate of 16.7 per 100 patient-years.Patients with previous supratentorial brain surgery had an ipsilateral-dominant distribution and spread of haemorrhagic markers on MRI. 14/51 (27.5%) patients had transient inflammatory changes (cortical or parenchymal oedema, sulcal hyperintensities). Haemorrhagic markers progressed during follow-up. In addition to 43 symptomatic ICH, 36 asymptomatic ICH (mostly smaller intragyral haemorrhages) were detected on follow-up scans. Besides numerous lobar microbleeds (median 16 at baseline, 53 at last follow-up), deep microbleeds were present in 19.6% of patients at baseline and 44.4% at follow-up. Severe perivascular spaces in centrum semiovale were common at baseline (64.7%) and follow-up (95.6%).ConclusionsPatients with iCAA appear to have distinctive MRI characteristics, which might differentiate iCAA from other CAA subtypes and provide new insights into underlying disease mechanisms.
Observational study of changes to glucocorticosteroid prescribing patterns in duchenne muscular dystrophy in the UK over the last decade
Authors: Landon Gregory , Stimpson Georgia , Guglieri Michela , Sarkozy Anna , Manzur Adnan Y ,   UK NorthStar Clinical Network, Muntoni Francesco , Baranello Giovanni 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundGlucocorticosteroids (GC) are standard-of-care treatment for most boys with duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). GC use has changed over time with evolving evidence, and we describe GC patterns, dosing and side-effects in the UK over 11 years.MethodNorthStar data from 2012 to 2022 were analysed to understand GC type, regime and starting age. GC dose with age, patterns of GC switching and side-effect profiles by type and regime were also analysed. Participants attributed to ‘other’ regimes were queried and details were included.ResultsData on GC usage were available for 1117 boys, across 6905 observations, with 74% of boys GC treated. Prednisolone was the most common regime in the period (65% of assessments) but deflazacort prescription has increased (17% in 2012 and 43% in 2022). Daily regimes were more common (66% of assessments), and the incidence of intermittent (10 days on/10 days off) regimes has declined (46% in 2012 and 26% in 2022). Older participants were more commonly on less than recommended doses, and this was more common in those on deflazacort or daily regimes. Gastrointestinal symptoms and cushingoid features were more common in those on deflazacort than prednisolone, while increased appetite, cushingoid features, gastrointestinal symptoms and insomnia were more common in those on daily than intermittent regimes.ConclusionsThe use of deflazacort and daily regimes has steadily increased across the UK North Star Network in the last decade. This study provides one of the largest up-to-date real-world set of data of evolution in prescription patterns and the occurrence of side-effects in different groups of GC-treated DMD.
Hoover’s sign is a sign of functional weakness: or is it more?
Authors: Coebergh Jan 
Published: February 2025

Hoover’s sign has long been used to support a clinical diagnosis of functional weakness. However, it also occurs in people with pain, other functional disorders and functional neurological disorder without weakness. Some of its clinical characteristics, such as being more prominent with visual attention, suggest it might be reframed as a sign of agency. The experience, reflections and awareness of people with an abnormal Hoover’s sign can be seen in this context. Reframing Hoover’s sign by linking it to agency, and extending it to other clinical scenarios, could help clinicians and, most importantly, patients.Hoover’s sign has long been used to support a clinical diagnosis of functional weakness. This does not explain why it can be found in pain, other functional disorders and functional neurological disorder without weakness. It can be reframed as a sign of agency by looking at clinical nuggets like Hoover’s in structural changes in the brain and other disorders and clinical characteristics, like it being more prominent with visual attention. The clinical experience of people with an abnormal Hoover’s sign and their reflections and awareness can be seen in this context.A recently discovered clinical technique of inducing it briefly in healthy people with pressure on the patella or tonic vibration is discussed. This illustrates the importance of sensory processing (especially sensory attenuation and proprioception) and learning/habituation to stimuli, which is known to be altered in functional neurological disorder and other functional disorders.Reframing Hoover’s sign by linking it to agency and extending it to other clinical scenarios could help clinicians, neuroscience and, most importantly, patients.
HIV-related microaggressions and depressive symptoms among people living with HIV: the mediating roles of internalised stigma and coping with shame
Authors: Taşlıoğlu Sayıner Aliye Canan , Turan Bulent , Nazlı Arzu , Özer Deniz , Abdollahpour Ranjbar Hamed , Nemli Salih Atakan , Ghaffari Ahmad Nejat , Mert Vahabi Merve , Ayhan Nur Miray , Gokengin Deniz , Norcini Pala Andrea 
Published: February 2025

ObjectivesOvertly experienced HIV-related stigma is associated with depressive symptoms for people living with HIV (PLWH). Research suggests that an important mediating mechanism in this association is internalised stigma, where PLWH accept negative societal views about HIV, apply them to themselves and develop a negative view of themselves. Microaggressions are subtle and indirect discriminatory behaviours and, like overtly experienced stigma, may also contribute to depressive symptoms. We tested this hypothesis and examined the mediating roles of internalised stigma and maladaptive ways of coping with shame in the association between microaggressions and depressive symptoms among PLWH in Türkiye.MethodsThis study examines the serial mediating roles of internalised HIV stigma and shame-related coping strategies (ie, withdrawal and self-attack) in the association between HIV-related microaggressions and depressive symptoms among PLWH. PLWH in Izmir, Türkiye (N=308) completed validated scales measuring experiences of microaggressions, internalised HIV stigma, coping strategies related to shame and depression symptoms.ResultsStructural equation modelling results suggest that internalised HIV stigma significantly mediates the relationship between HIV-related microaggressions and depression symptoms. Furthermore, serial mediation analysis suggests that withdrawal and self-attack strategies of coping with shame mediate the association between internalised HIV stigma and depressive symptoms. Thus, internalised HIV stigma and shame-related coping strategies may partially stem from experiencing HIV-related microaggressions and may negatively affect the mental health of PLWH.ConclusionsFindings highlight the importance of assessing subtle forms of discrimination (ie, microaggressions) given their negative impact on the self-concept of PLWH. In addition to addressing negative attitudes and behaviours against PLWH in society, interventions that help PLWH cope with shame-related experiences might improve their mental health.
Distress thermometer problem list and distress and depression in psycho-oncology
Authors: Wallace Lyndsey , Banerjee Anjishnu , Molinaro Jessica , Murray Julie , Danhieux-Poole Carrie , Uselmann Ann Marie , Knight Jennifer M. 
Published: February 2025

PurposeThis study examines the relationship between specific problem categories endorsed by patients with cancer seeking psycho-oncology services and their levels of distress and depression. Additionally, we investigate the potential associations between demographic and clinical characteristics and the endorsement of specific problem categories.MethodsA non-randomised interventional study was conducted with adult patients referred for psycho-oncology services. Patients attended 1–2 psycho-oncology sessions, completing the distress thermometer, problem checklist and Patient Health Questionnaire at the start of each visit and repeated the distress thermometer at visit end. Analyses evaluated the associations between problem checklist categories and levels of distress and depression.ResultsPatients who endorsed a higher problem load, regardless of problem category, endorsed higher levels of distress and depression. Notably, younger patients, non-white patients and patients with breast cancer endorsed higher problem loads.ConclusionThe findings emphasise the importance of addressing problem load as a contributor to distress and depression among patients with cancer. While problem load was associated with patient characteristics, further investigation is needed to understand how these characteristics may influence distress and depression directly. Interventions should focus on reducing problem load to improve psychological well-being.
Non-geodesic timelike observers and the ultralocal limit
Authors: Saadati Reza , Valsan Luca , Faraoni Valerio 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The ultralocal limit along timelike geodesics, in which any geometry reduces to Bianchi I, does not extend to non-geodesic timelike observers. Exceptions are discussed, including particles with variable mass, test particles in Einstein frame scalar-tensor gravity, and self-interacting dark matter.
Vim3 and Mxi‐2 as Promising New Molecular Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Sperm Disorders
Authors: Weiten Richard , Herden Jan , Huerta Manuel , Nestler Tim , Denil Johan , Heidenreich Axel , Storz Enno , von Brandenstein Melanie 
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Male infertility remains a significant clinical challenge that requires the exploration of new diagnostics strategies. Truncated proteins, such as Vim3, a truncated variant of vimentin, show promise as a new class of biomarkers for diagnosing fertility disorders. Our objective was to assess the potential utility of Vim3 and Mxi‐2, a shortened iteration of mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) p38, as noninvasive biomarkers for diagnosing sperm disorders.Methods: Semen samples of 19 fertile males (control group) and 82 infertile males with semen abnormalities and no female factor (n = 28 OAT [oligo–astheno–teratozoospermia] syndrome, n = 8 azoospermia, n = 29 teratozoospermia, n = 11 astheno–teratozoospermia, and n = 6 oligozoospermia) were analyzed using ELISA (enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay) and flow cytometry. Furthermore, we conducted a lateral flow assay (LFA) specific to Vim3.Results: Our analysis revealed that Vim3 and endothelin‐1 (ET‐1) expression levels were significantly downregulated in non‐normozoospermic patients (e.g., OAT syndrome), while Mxi‐2 was overexpressed in these patients compared to the control group (p < 0.01). Additionally, we introduced a novel LFA that provides a user‐friendly and effective method for examining Vim3 as a biomarker in clinical settings.Conclusion: Our results suggest that Vim3 and Mxi‐2 have potential as noninvasive semen biomarkers for diagnosing sperm disorders.
Antimicrobial Polymeric Nanoparticles in Endodontics: A Systematic Review
Authors: Orozco Marco Felipe Salas , Montero Idania de Alba , Gonzalez Oscar Lozano , Santana Miguel Angel Casillas , Domínguez Jorge Humberto Luna , Olivares-Acosta Iván , Solis Carlo Eduardo Medina , Marín Nuria Patiño 
Published: February 2025

Background: The efficacy of endodontic treatments, essential for managing infections and injuries in dental pulp, heavily relies on completely eradicating microorganisms from the root canal system. Traditional methods often fail to achieve thorough disinfection, prompting the exploration of polymeric nanoparticles for their potential to enhance cleanliness.Objectives: This systematic review aims to evaluate the use and effectiveness of polymeric nanoparticles in endodontic treatments, with a specific focus on their antimicrobial properties.Methods: Studies eligible for inclusion involved inoculated root canals, dentine, or endodontic medicaments containing relevant microbial species. The interventions examined included the application of polymeric nanoparticles that contain antimicrobial agents, sometimes enhanced by ultrasound or photodynamic therapy, compared against control groups without treatment. The primary outcome was the reduction in bacterial load. Systematic searches were conducted in databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar and completed by January 31, 2024. The risk of bias was assessed using a modified Cochrane tool, and results were synthesized descriptively due to heterogeneity in methodologies and reporting across the studies.Results: Nine studies met the inclusion criteria, primarily focusing on bacterial strains like Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus. Results indicated that nanoparticles exhibited significant antimicrobial activity, especially those made of chitosan and poly (lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA). This suggests a potential to revolutionize root canal disinfection processes. However, clinical translation faces challenges such as ensuring nanoparticle stability, biocompatibility, and cost‐effective manufacturing processes.Discussion: The evidence was limited by variability in study designs and microbial strains, the absence of clinical trials, and inconsistent reporting precluded a meta‐analysis. Despite promising in vitro results, several barriers hinder the clinical implementation of nanoparticle‐based therapies. Long‐term safety data are sparse, and the potential for adverse effects like inflammatory responses and antimicrobial resistance remains a concern. Additionally, achieving optimal delivery within the intricate anatomy of the root canal system requires further innovation. Addressing these challenges is critical for transitioning from experimental to practical applications.
Comparison of Myopic Progression and Quality of Life Wearing Either DIMs Lenses or Single‐Vision Myopia Correcting Spectacles
Authors: Li Xiaoying , Ma Wei , Song Yutong , Yap Maurice , Liu Longqian 
Published: February 2025

Purpose: To assess the efficacy of the Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments (DIMS) spectacle lens for myopia control and its impact on vision‐related quality of life in Chinese children over a 1‐year period.Methods: This randomized double‐blind prospective controlled clinical trial enrolled 176 myopic subjects aged between seven and 14 years who were randomly assigned into the DIMS group or the control single‐vision (SV) group. Refractive error and axial length measurements at baseline, three‐, six‐, nine‐, and 12‐month follow‐up visits were monitored. The Quality of Life Impact of Refractive Correction (QIRC) questionnaire was used to evaluate the vision‐related quality of life at baseline and at 12 months postintervention.Results: Of the initial cohort, a total of 151 children successfully completed the study (DIMS n = 72; SV n = 79). Baseline characteristics were similar between both groups. Average axial elongation and myopia progression after 1 year were 0.17 (95% CI 0.13–0.20) mm and −0.27 (95% CI −0.36 to −0.18) D in the DIMS group and 0.30 (95% CI 0.26–0.33) mm and −0.55 (95% CI −0.64 to −0.47) D in the SV group. The mean differences in axial elongation and myopia progression were 0.13 mm (95% CI 0.08–0.18 mm, p < 0.001) and −0.28 D (95% CI −0.41 to −0.15 D, p < 0.001) between the two groups. No significant difference in the QIRC score was found between the DIMS and SV groups (55.30 (95% CI 53.17–56.90) versus 54.20 (95% CI 51.99–56.41), p = 0.854)).Conclusion: The use of DIMS lenses in children was found to slow down myopia progression compared to SV lenses, without negatively affecting their overall quality of life.Trial Registration: Clinical Trial Registry identifier: ChiCTR2000037443
AZD8701, an Antisense Oligonucleotide Targeting FOXP3 mRNA, as Monotherapy and in Combination with Durvalumab: Phase I trial in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors
Authors: Siu Lillian L. , Postel-Vinay Sophie , Villanueva-Vázquez Rafael , de Velasco Guillermo , Castanon Alvarez Eduardo , Kyriakopoulos Christos E. , Johnson Melissa , Ouali Kaïssa , McMorn Stephen , Angell Helen K. , Ng Felicia , Saran Shashank , Bayat Mahdiye , Collins Teresa , Roy Archana , Lambert Arthur W. , Cho Song , Miller Neil , Petruzzelli Michele , Stone John , Massard Christophe 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Purpose: AZD8701 uses next-generation antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) technology to selectively reduce human forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) expression in regulatory T cells, reversing their immunosuppressive function. FOXP3 ASOs alone or with programmed cell death protein (ligand) 1 (PD-[L]1) inhibition attenuated tumor growth in mice. We report a phase I study of AZD8701 alone or combined with durvalumab in patients with advanced solid tumors. Methods: Eligible patients had solid tumors and had received prior standard-of-care treatment including anti-PD-(L)1 therapy. Patient cohorts were treated with AZD8701 intravenously (IV) weekly at escalating doses, either alone (60–960 mg) or combined (240–720 mg) with durvalumab 1,500 mg IV every 4 weeks. The primary objective was safety and tolerability, with the aim of determining the maximum tolerated dose. Results: Forty-five patients received AZD8701 monotherapy and 18 received AZD8701 with durvalumab. One dose-limiting toxicity (increased alanine aminotransferase [ALT]) occurred with AZD8701 960 mg. The most common adverse events (AEs) related to AZD8701 monotherapy were fatigue (22.2%), asthenia, pyrexia, and increased ALT (20%, each); the safety profile was similar when combined with durvalumab. With AZD8701 monotherapy, 24.4% and 15.6% of patients had stable disease for ≥16 and ≥24 weeks, respectively; one patient treated with AZD8701 720 mg and durvalumab had a partial response. FOXP3mRNA changes were heterogeneous (8/13 patients showed reduction), with no clear dose relationship. ASO accumulated in the tumor epithelium and stroma. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the clinical feasibility of ASO therapy, with generally manageable AEs, FOXP3 knockdown, and ASO delivery to the tumor.