bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Denosumab and changes in bone turnover markers during androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer
Authors: Smith Matthew R , Saad Fred , Egerdie Blair , Sieber Paul , Tammela Teuvo LJ , Leder Benjamin Z , Ke Chunlei , Goessl Carsten 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer increases fracture risk, decreases bone mineral density, and increases bone turnover markers (BTMs) including serum type 1 C-telopeptide (sCTX), tartrate-resistant alkaline phosphatase 5b (TRAP-5b), and procollagen-1 N-terminal telopeptide (P1NP). In a prespecified exploratory analysis of a phase 3, multicenter, double-blind study, we evaluated the effects of denosumab (60 mg subcutaneously every 6 months for 3 years) versus placebo (1468 patients, 734 in each group) on BTM values. BTMs were measured at baseline, month 1, and predose at months 6, 12, 24, and 36 in the overall population. BTMs at month 1 are also reported for subgroups based on age (&lt; 70 years versus ≥ 70 years), prior duration of ADT (≤ 6 months versus &gt;6 months), and baseline BTM (≤ median versus &gt; median BTM values). Treatment with denosumab provided a rapid and sustained decrease of BTM values compared with placebo. The median change in sCTX levels at month 1 was −90% in the denosumab group and −3% in the placebo group (p &lt; 0.0001). The median change in TRAP-5b levels at month 1 was −55% in the denosumab group and −3% in the placebo group (p &lt; 0.0001). The maximal median change in P1NP was −64% in the denosumab group and −11% in the placebo group, (p &lt; 0.0001). Significantly greater decreases in BTM for denosumab were also seen in subgroup analyses based on age, prior ADT treatment, and baseline BTM values. Suppression of bone turnover markers was consistent with marked increases in bone mineral density reported previously. © 2011 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
LPS induces phosphorylation of actin‐regulatory proteins leading to actin reassembly and macrophage motility
Authors: Kleveta Galyna , Borzęcka Kinga , Zdioruk Mykola , Czerkies Maciej , Kuberczyk Hanna , Sybirna Natalia , Sobota Andrzej , Kwiatkowska Katarzyna 
Published: August 2011

AbstractUpon bacterial infection lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces migration of monocytes/macrophages to the invaded region and production of pro‐inflammatory mediators. We examined mechanisms of LPS‐stimulated motility and found that LPS at 100 ng/ml induced rapid elongation and ruffling of macrophage‐like J774 cells. A wound‐healing assay revealed that LPS also activated directed cell movement that was followed by TNF‐α production. The CD14 and TLR4 receptors of LPS translocated to the leading lamella of polarized cells, where they transiently colocalized triggering local accumulation of actin filaments and phosphatidylinositol 4,5‐bisphosphate. Fractionation of Triton X‐100 cell lysates revealed that LPS induced polymerization of cytoskeletal actin filaments by 50%, which coincided with the peak of cell motility. This microfilament population appeared at the expense of short filaments composing the plasma membrane skeleton of unstimulated cells and actin monomers consisting prior to the LPS stimulation about 60% of cellular actin. Simultaneously with actin polymerization, LPS stimulated phosphorylation of two actin‐regulatory proteins, paxillin on tyrosine 118 by 80% and N‐WASP on serine 484/485 by 20%, and these events preceded activation of NF‐κB. LPS‐induced protein phosphorylation and reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton were inhibited by PP2, a drug affecting activity of tyrosine kinases of the Src family. The data indicate that paxillin and N‐WASP are involved in the reorganization of actin cytoskeleton driving motility of LPS‐stimulated cells. Disturbances of actin organization induced by cytochalasin D did not inhibit TNF‐α production suggesting that LPS‐induced cell motility is not required for TNF‐α release. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 80–92, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Autocrine abscisic acid mediates the UV‐B‐induced inflammatory response in human granulocytes and keratinocytes
Authors: Bruzzone Santina , Basile Giovanna , Mannino Elena , Sturla Laura , Magnone Mirko , Grozio Alessia , Salis Annalisa , Fresia Chiara , Vigliarolo Tiziana , Guida Lucrezia , De Flora Antonio , Tossi Vanesa , Cassia Raul , Lamattina Lorenzo , Zocchi Elena 
Published: August 2011

AbstractUV‐B is an abiotic environmental stress in both plants and animals. Abscisic acid (ABA) is a phytohormone regulating fundamental physiological functions in plants, including response to abiotic stress. We previously demonstrated that ABA is an endogenous stress hormone also in animal cells. Here, we investigated whether autocrine ABA regulates the response to UV‐B of human granulocytes and keratinocytes, the cells involved in UV‐triggered skin inflammation. The intracellular ABA concentration increased in UV‐B‐exposed granulocytes and keratinocytes and ABA was released into the supernatant. The UV‐B‐induced production of NO and of reactive oxygen species (ROS), phagocytosis, and cell migration were strongly inhibited in granulocytes irradiated in the presence of a monoclonal antibody against ABA. Moreover, presence of the same antibody strongly inhibited release of NO, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) by UV‐B irradiated keratinocytes. Lanthionine synthetase C‐like protein 2 (LANCL2) is required for the activation of the ABA signaling pathway in human granulocytes. Silencing of LANCL2 in human keratinocytes by siRNA was accompanied by abrogation of the UV‐B‐triggered release of PGE2, TNF‐α, and NO and ROS production. These results indicate that UV‐B irradiation induces ABA release from human granulocytes and keratinocytes and that autocrine ABA stimulates cell functions involved in skin inflammation. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 2502–2510, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effects of moderate electrical stimulation on reactive species production by primary rat skeletal muscle cells: Cross talk between superoxide and nitric oxide production
Authors: Lambertucci Rafael Herling , dos Reis Silveira Leonardo , Hirabara Sandro Massao , Curi Rui , Sweeney Gary , Pithon‐Curi Tania Cristina 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe effects of a moderate electrical stimulation on superoxide and nitric oxide production by primary cultured skeletal muscle cells were evaluated. The involvement of the main sites of these reactive species production and the relationship between superoxide and nitric oxide production were also examined. Production of superoxide was evaluated by cytochrome c reduction and dihydroethidium oxidation assays. Electrical stimulation increased superoxide production after 1 h incubation. A xanthine oxidase inhibitor caused a partial decrease of superoxide generation and a significant amount of mitochondria‐derived superoxide was also observed. Nitric oxide production was assessed by nitrite measurement and by using 4,5‐diaminofluorescein diacetate (DAF‐2‐DA) assay. Using both methods an increased production of nitric oxide was obtained after electrical stimulation, which was also able to induce an increase of iNOS content and NF‐κB activation. The participation of superoxide in nitric oxide production was investigated by incubating cells with DAF‐2‐DA in the presence or absence of electrical stimulation, a superoxide generator system (xanthine–xanthine oxidase), a mixture of NOS inhibitors and SOD‐PEG. Our data show that the induction of muscle contraction by a moderate electrical stimulation protocol led to an increased nitric oxide production that can be controlled by superoxide generation. The cross talk between these reactive species likely plays a role in exercise‐induced maintenance and adaptation by regulating muscular glucose metabolism, force of contraction, fatigue, and antioxidant systems activities. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 2511–2518, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Niflumic acid blocks native and recombinant T‐type channels
Authors: Balderas Enrique , Ateaga‐Tlecuitl Rogelio , Rivera Manuel , Gomora Juan C. , Darszon Alberto 
Published: August 2011

AbstractVoltage‐dependent calcium channels are widely distributed in animal cells, including spermatozoa. Calcium is fundamental in many sperm functions such as: motility, capacitation, and the acrosome reaction (AR), all essential for fertilization. Pharmacological evidence has suggested T‐type calcium channels participate in the AR. Niflumic acid (NA), a non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug commonly used as chloride channel blocker, blocks T‐currents in mouse spermatogenic cells and Cl− channels in testicular sperm. Here we examine the mechanism of NA blockade and explore if it can be used to separate the contribution of different CaV3 members previously detected in these cells. Electrophysiological patch‐clamp recordings were performed in isolated mouse spermatogenic cells and in HEK cells heterologously expressing CaV3 channels. NA blocks mouse spermatogenic cell T‐type currents with an IC50 of 73.5 µM, without major voltage‐dependent effects. The NA blockade is more potent in the open and in the inactivated state than in the closed state of the T‐type channels. Interestingly, we found that heterologously expressed CaV3.1 and CaV3.3 channels were more sensitive to NA than CaV3.2 channels, and this drug substantially slowed the recovery from inactivation of the three isoforms. Molecular docking modeling of drug‐channel binding predicts that NA binds preferentially to the extracellular face of CaV3.1 channels. The biophysical characteristics of mouse spermatogenic cell T‐type currents more closely resemble those from heterologously expressed CaV3.1 channels, including their sensitivity to NA. As CaV3.1 null mice maintain their spermatogenic cell T‐currents, it is likely that a novel CaV3.2 isoform is responsible for them. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 2542–2555, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
In vivo MRS study of intraventricular tumors
Authors: Shah Tariq , Jayasundar Rama , Singh Virendera Paul , Sarkar Chitra 
Published: August 2011

AbstractPurpose:To evaluate the role of MR spectroscopy (MRS) as a noninvasive tool for characterization of intraventricular brain tumors.Materials and Methods:Twenty‐three intraventricular tumors, all histologically classified (11 central neurocytomas [CNC], 5 meningiomas [Men], other intraventricular tumors [OIV], including 2 anaplastic gliomas [WHO III], 1 tumor each of rhabdoid tumor, glioneuronal hamartoma, GBM, hemangiopericytoma, and subependymoma II), were studied by MRS before surgery using a point‐resolved spectroscopic sequence (PRESS).Results:Statistically significant differences (P < 0.03) were observed for NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr between CNCs and OIV. A significant difference (P < 0.01) was observed in the presence of Gly between the CNCs and meningiomas, and CNCs and OIV. In addition, the presence of Ala was also significantly different (P < 0.01) between OIV and meningiomas, and OIV and CNCs.Conclusion:The present study has shown that MRS can be useful in characterizing intraventricular tumor and distinguishing CNCs from meningiomas and other intraventricular tumors. Prior information about intraventricular tumor types could be useful to clinicians in planning treatment and resection strategy. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2011;. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Improved quantification of brain perfusion using FAIR with active suppression of superior tagging (FAIR ASST)
Authors: Li Xiufeng , Sarkar Subhendra N. , Purdy David E. , Haley Robert W. , Briggs Richard W. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractPurpose:To address two problems for perfusion studies in the middle or inferior brain regions: (1) to reduce venous artifacts due to the intrinsic superior labeling of FAIR; (2) to alleviate the discrepancy of the existence of both superior and inferior boluses, but with only the inferior bolus having a temporally defined bolus width with Q2TIPs or QUIPSS.Materials and Methods:Superior tagging suppression methods for FAIR with different combinations of pre‐ and postinversion superior saturation pulses were evaluated and compared with FAIR with Q2TIPS for producing perfusion maps of superior, middle, and inferior brain regions.Results:One preinversion plus two postinversion superior saturation radio frequency pulses effectively suppressed the superior tagging of FAIR and sufficiently eliminated venous artifacts without negative effects, avoiding the overestimations of cerebral blood flow that can occur in FAIR.Conclusion:FAIR ASST improves FAIR with Q2TIPS and provides more reliable and accurate blood flow estimations for perfusion studies of middle and lower brain regions. FAIR ASST confers the advantages of asymmetric PASL techniques, such as PICORE, in which only the inferiorly labeled blood is used for perfusion quantification, to the symmetric PASL technique FAIR, while preserving the robustness of FAIR against MT effects. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2011;. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Anatomic dependency of phase shifts in the cerebral venous system of neonates at susceptibility‐weighted MRI
Authors: Niwa Tetsu , Aida Noriko , Kawaguchi Hiroshi , Obata Takayuki , Kwee Thomas C. , Tachibana Yasuhiko , Shibasaki Jun , Takahara Taro 
Published: August 2011

AbstractPurpose:To assess the anatomic variation and age‐related changes of phase shifts in the neonatal cerebral venous system at susceptibility‐weighted imaging (SWI).Materials and Methods:Thirty‐five neonates who had undergone SWI and who did not have any intracranial or systemic abnormalities were retrospectively assessed. Phase shifts in the veins in the deep gray matter and in the cortical veins in the frontal, rolandic, and parietal areas were measured and compared. Correlations between phase ratio (ratio of the phase shift in the vein in the deep gray matter to that in the cortical veins) and gestational age at birth, gestational age at magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and age after birth were assessed.Results:Phase shift in the veins in the deep gray matter was significantly higher than those in the cortical veins (P < 0.01). Among the cortical veins, the venous phase shift in the rolandic area was significantly higher than those in the frontal and parietal areas (P < 0.01). There was a negative correlation between the phase ratio and the gestational age at MRI (Spearman ρ = −0.35, P = 0.04).Conclusion:An anatomical variation in phase shifts was identified in the neonatal venous system. The observed reduction in phase shift differences between the veins in the deep gray matter and those in the cortex as gestational age at MRI increased may reflect brain development. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2011;. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Reactivation of overt and occult hepatitis B infection in various immunosuppressive settings
Authors: Coppola Nicola , Tonziello Gilda , Pisaturo Mariantonietta , Messina Vincenzo , Guastafierro Salvatore , Fiore Marco , Iodice Valentina , Sagnelli Caterina , Stanzione Maria , Capoluongo Nicolina , Pasquale Giuseppe , Sagnelli Evangelista 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe aim of the study was to evaluate clinical and virological differences in HBV reactivation between patients with overt and occult HBV infection. Twenty‐three consecutive patients with symptomatic HBV reactivation occurring during or after immunosuppressive therapy were enrolled in a retrospective study: 10 with reactivation of overt HBV infection (overt group) and 13 of occult HBV infection (occult group). Twenty‐one patients were treated with nucleot(s)ide analogues after HBV reactivation. Regimens including rituximab or fludarabine were administered more frequently in the occult group (61% vs. 31%, respectively). HBV reactivation was severe frequently in the overt (40%) and occult groups (38.4%). Patients in the overt group showed higher HBV‐DNA titers (1.1 × 108 ± 1.4 × 108 vs. 5.1 × 105 ± 6.8 × 105 IU; P < 0.005). Seven patients died during HBV reactivation, two in the overt and five in the occult group. Of these seven patients, two remained untreated and five had been treated with Lamivudine; of the 16 patients showing remission of HBV reactivation, four had been treated with Lamivudine, four with Entecavir, two with Telbivudine, and six with Lamivudine plus Adefovir. It is concluded that HBV reactivation is life‐threatening in patients with diseases inhibiting the immune response and/or receiving immunosuppressive drugs. Supportive therapy without antiviral drugs or Lamivudine monotherapy may not be effective for treating patients with HBV reactivation. J. Med. Virol. 83:1909–1916, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Work‐related flow and energy at work and at home: A study on the role of daily recovery
Authors: Demerouti Evangelia , Bakker Arnold B. , Sonnentag Sabine , Fullagar Clive J. 
Published: August 2011

SummaryIn this diary study, we aimed to examine the moderating effects of the following: (i) recovery efforts at work and (ii) detachment from work on the relationship between work‐related flow and energy after work. Specifically, we hypothesized that flow would be beneficial for energy after work when employees failed (versus managed) to recover during work breaks. Additionally, we predicted that when employees experience flow at work, they would be more vigorous (and less exhausted) at the end of the day when they detached from work in the evening compared with days when they failed to detach. The study tracked 83 participants who completed daily surveys over four consecutive days. Results of multilevel analyses indicated that some characteristics of flow, such as absorption and enjoyment, were significantly associated with energy after work. Recovery at work and detachment from work moderated the relationship between flow (specifically the enjoyment component) and after‐work energy. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The emergence of team helping norms: Foundations within members' attributes and behavior
Authors: Raver Jana L. , Ehrhart Mark G. , Chadwick Ingrid C. 
Published: August 2011

SummaryThis research examined the antecedents of organizational citizenship behavior helping norms in teams, specifically with regard to how members' personality, values, beliefs, and helping behavior predict the emergence of helping norms in newly formed project teams. We drew from theory on emergent phenomena and team composition research to propose and test a compilation model of how helping norms are influenced by having at least one member with particularly low (minimum) or high (maximum) levels of attributes that may influence helping‐norm development (i.e., conscientiousness, agreeableness, other‐oriented values, personal helping beliefs). We further examined the extent to which members' helping behaviors, as rated by peers, predicted helping norms and whether these behaviors mediated the relationship between individual attributes and helping norms. The results of a longitudinal study of 47 student project teams revealed that teams' minimums on agreeableness, other‐oriented values, and personal helping beliefs had direct relationships with helping‐norm emergence, and the effects of agreeableness were mediated through mean helping behavior. By contrast, teams' maximums on these attributes showed no relationships with helping norms, and only a team maximum on agreeableness was associated with teams' mean helping behavior. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of combined application of vermicompost and mineral fertilizer on the growth of Allium cepa L. and soil fertility
Authors: Srivastava Pankaj Kumar , Gupta Manjul , Upadhyay Rakesh Kumar , Sharma Suresh , Shikha  , Singh Nandita , Tewari Sri Krishna , Singh Bajrang 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe promotion of organic farming involves curtailing extensive use of mineral fertilizers. The present study was aimed to compare the effects of vermicompost (10 Mg ha–1), commercial mineral fertilizer (NPK—100:80:80), and their combination on (1) the growth of a major cash crop “onion” (Allium cepa L.) and (2) the changes that may have occurred in the amended soil. The experiment was a randomized complete block design with four replications during the crop‐growing season of 2008/09. Results showed significantly higher plant growth in the combined/mix treatment of vermicompost and NPK, as measured by the vegetative growth of bulbs, number and length of tillers per bulb, and fresh weight of bulbs and by the biochemical characteristics of the onion tillers/leaves (total chlorophyll, caretenoids, protein, and total sugar contents). Comparison of the mixed treatment as compared to the control showed increases in bulb size (54%), total number of bulbs per bed (52%), and fresh weight of all bulbs (198%). The chemical properties and enzyme activity of the amended soil also improved significantly in the combined treatment as compared to the application of vermicompost or the mineral fertilizer alone. Total organic C, microbial biomass C, and sulfate content were significantly higher in the mix treatment, with increases of 60%, 127%, and 126%, respectively, as compared to those of the chemical‐fertilizer‐alone treatment. Similarly, β‐glucosidase, alkaline phosphatase, and dehydrogenase were significantly higher by 145%, 91%, 71%, respectively, in the mix treatment as compared to those of fertilizer‐alone application. This study indicates that application of a combination of mineral fertilizer and vermicompost in the field can positively influence the biological properties and fertility of soils, and support better plant growth, when compared to the application of mineral fertilizer or vermicompost alone. The study suggests that this combined application can reduce the quantity and cost of mineral‐fertilizers application for bulbous‐crop cultivation by 50%, while also sustaining soil biological activity of tropical and subtropical soils.
Problematic but promising ponds? Palaeoenvironmental evidence from the Norse Eastern Settlement of Greenland
Authors: Edwards Kevin J. , Schofield J. Edward , Kirby Jason R. , Cook Gordon T. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractPollen‐ and related proxy‐based studies of human–environment interactions during the Norse and later periods within Greenland have primarily involved the investigation of peat, lake and soil deposits, all of which have taphonomic and sampling problems. Many small ponds exist, but they seem to have been relatively ignored in investigations of palaeoecologically based environmental history. To evaluate their usefulness for studies of ecologically related cultural history, especially where sites are in intimate association with the archaeology, a pond in the Norse Eastern Settlement has been examined to investigate three principal questions: (i) Does such a site contain a useful record of environmental history? (ii) Does it offer a record of sufficient resolution and sensitivity for the study of anthropogenic landscape impacts? (iii) Are there any apparent drawbacks to these sequences? Using data obtained from palynological, diatom, sedimentological and radiocarbon analyses, it is concluded that environmental data for each proxy – aside from 14C dating – are clearly capable of being explained in a reasonably straightforward and compatible manner and fulfil the hopes for the sampling medium. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.