bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis and CD Assignment of Absolute Configuration of Epoxychromans.
Authors: SUN H. , HUA W. , CHEN L. , PENG S. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Indolizines. Part 2. The Reaction of 2‐β‐Styrylindolizine with Dienophiles.
Authors: SIBERDT F. , NASIELSKI J. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Molecular Structure of Carboxyalkenylphosphonic and Alkenylbisphosphonic Derivatives.
Authors: SAINZ‐DIAZ C. I. , HERNANDEZ‐LAGUNA A. , GALVEZ‐RUANO E. , BELLANATO J. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantiospecific Synthesis of γ‐Keto‐α,β‐diamino Acid Derivatives. Stereoselective Synthesis of a Precursor of Streptolidine Lactam.
Authors: FERNANDEZ‐MEGIA E. , SARDINA F. J. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure of the Alkaloid Nazlinin
Authors: MAHBOOBI S. , HAHN K. , MAYER K. K. , WIEGREBE W. , ERTAN M. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of Zaragozic Acid A (Squalestatin S1) (I). Degradation to a Relay Compound (II) and Reassembly of the Natural Product.
Authors: STOERMER D. , CARON S. , HEATHCOCK C. H. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Invariant glycines and prolines flanking in loops the strand β2 of various (α/β)8‐barrel enzymes: A hidden homology?
Authors: Janeček Stefan 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe question of parallel (α/β)8‐barrel fold evolution remains unclear, owing mainly to the lack of sequence homology throughout the amino acid sequences of (α/β)8‐barrel enzymes. The “classical” approaches used in the search for homologies among (α/β)8‐barrels (e.g., production of structurally based alignments) have yielded alignments perfect from the structural point of view, but the approaches have been unable to reveal the homologies. These are proposed to be “hidden” in (α/β)8‐barrel enzymes. The term “hidden homology” means that the alignment of sequence stretches proposed to be homologous need not be structurally fully satisfactory. This is due to the very long evolutionary history of all (α/β)8‐barrels. This work identifies so‐called hidden homology around the strand 02 that is flanked by loops containing invariant glycines and prolines in 17 different (α/β)8‐barrel enzymes, i.e., roughly in half of all currently known (α/β)8‐barrel proteins. The search was based on the idea that a conserved sequence region of an (α/β)8‐barrel enzyme should be more or less conserved also in the equivalent part of the structure of the other enzymes with this folding motif, given their mutual evolutionary relatedness. For this purpose, the sequence region around the well‐conserved second β‐strand of α‐amylase flanked by the invariant glycine and proline (56_GFTAIWITP, Aspergillus oryzae α‐amylase numbering), was used as the sequence‐structural template. The proposal that the second β‐strand of (α/β)8‐barrel fold is important from the evolutionary point of view is strongly supported by the increasing trend of the observed β2‐strand structural similarity for the pairs of (α/β)8‐barrel enzymes: α‐amylase and the α‐subunit of tryptophan synthase, α‐amylase and mandelate racemase, and α‐amylase and cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase. This trend is also in agreement with the existing evolutionary division of the entire family of (α/β)8‐barrel proteins.
Botulinum Toxin Injection Versus Lateral Internal Sphincterotomy in the Treatment of Chronic Anal Fissure: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Nasr Maged , Ezzat Hussin , Elsebae Magdy 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackgroundAlthough lateral internal sphincterotomy has been the gold standard of treatment for chronic anal fissure, the main concern remains its effects on anal continence. Intrasphincteric injection of botulinum toxin seems to be a reliable option providing temporary alleviation of sphincter spasm and allowing the fissure to heal. The aim of the present prospective controlled randomized study was to compare the outcome of lateral internal sphincterotomy and botulinum toxin injection treatments in patients with uncomplicated chronic anal fissure.MethodsEighty consecutive patients with uncomplicated chronic anal fissure who had failed conservative treatment were randomized to receive either intrasphincteric injection of botulinum toxin (BT) or lateral internal sphincterotomy (LIS). Postoperative pain relief, healing of fissure, continence scores, and fissure relapse during 18 weeks of follow‐up were the outcomes assessed.ResultsThere was a statistically significantly higher healing in the LIS group than the BT group (p = 0.0086 and 95% CI = 7.38–45.69%). In addition, LIS was associated with a high rate of anal incontinence as compared to BT (p = 0.0338 and 95% CI = −1.64–27.53%). The recurrence rate in the BT group was significantly higher statistically than that in the LIS group (p = 0.0111 and 95% CI = 6.68–46.13%).ConclusionsSurgical internal sphincterotomy has a higher healing rate and a lower recurrence rate than intrasphincteric injection of botulinum toxin in the treatment of uncomplicated chronic anal fissure. Injection of botulinum toxin, however, is a simple noninvasive technique that avoids the greater risk of incontinence. It could be used as the first therapeutic approach in patients without clinical risk factors of recurrence.
International Preoperative Rectal Cancer Management: Staging, Neoadjuvant Treatment, and Impact of Multidisciplinary Teams
Authors: Augestad Knut M. , Lindsetmo Rolv‐Ole , Stulberg Jonah , Reynolds Harry , Senagore Anthony , Champagne Brad , Heriot Alexander G. , Leblanc Fabien , Delaney Conor P. ,   International Rectal Cancer Study Group (IRCSG)
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known regarding variations in preoperative treatment and practice for rectal cancer (RC) on an international level, yet practice variation may result in differences in recurrence and survival rates.MethodsOne hundred seventy‐three international colorectal centers were invited to participate in a survey of preoperative management of rectal cancer.ResultsOne hundred twenty‐three (71%) responded, with a majority of respondents from North America, Europe, and Asia. Ninety‐three percent have more than 5 years’ experience with rectal cancer surgery. Fifty‐five percent use CT scan, 35% MRI, 29% ERUS, 12% digital rectal examination and 1% PET scan in all RC cases. Seventy‐four percent consider threatened circumferential margin (CRM) an indication for neoadjuvant treatment. Ninety‐two percent prefer 5‐FU‐based long‐course neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy (CRT). A significant difference in practice exists between the US and non‐US surgeons: poor histological differentiation as an indication for CRT (25% vs. 7.0%, p = 0.008), CRT for stage II and III rectal cancer (92% vs. 43%, p = 0.0001), MRI for all RC patients (20% vs. 42%, p = 0.03), and ERUS for all RC patients (43% vs. 21%, p = 0.01). Multidisciplinary team meetings significantly influence decisions for MRI (RR = 3.62), neoadjuvant treatment (threatened CRM, RR = 5.67, stage II + III RR = 2.98), quality of pathology report (RR = 4.85), and sphincter‐saving surgery (RR = 3.81).ConclusionsThere was little consensus on staging, neoadjuvant treatment, and preoperative management of rectal cancer. Regular multidisciplinary team meetings influence decisions about neoadjuvant treatment and staging methods.
Influence of foraging behavior and host spatial distribution on the localized spread of the emerald ash borer,Agrilus planipennis
Authors: Mercader Rodrigo J. , Siegert Nathan W. , Liebhold Andrew M. , McCullough Deborah G. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractManagement programs for invasive species are often developed at a regional or national level, but physical intervention generally takes place over relatively small areas occupied by newly founded, isolated populations. The ability to predict how local habitat variation affects the expansion of such newly founded populations is essential for efficiently targeting resources to slow the spread of an invasive species. We assembled a coupled map lattice model that simulates the local spread of newly founded colonies of the emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennisFairmaire), a devastating forest insect pest of ash (Fraxinusspp.) trees. Using this model, we investigated the spread ofA. planipennisin environments with differentFraxinusspp. distributions, and explored the consequences of ovipositional foraging behavior on the local spread ofA. planipennis. Simulations indicate that increased larval density, resulting from lower host tree density or higher initial population sizes, can increase the spread rate during the first few years after colonization by increasing a density‐dependent developmental rate and via host resource depletion. Both the radial spread rate and population size were greatly influenced by ovipositional foraging behavior. Two known behaviors of ovipositingA. planipennisfemales, attraction towards areas with high ash tree density and attraction to stressed trees, had opposing effects on spread. Results from this model illustrate the significant influence of resource distribution and foraging behavior on localized spread, and the importance of these factors when formulating strategies to monitor and manage invasive pests.
Feminine to smell but masculine to touch? Multisensory congruence and its effect on the aesthetic experience
Authors: Krishna Aradhna , Elder Ryan S. , Caldara Cindy 
Published: August 2010

AbstractWe draw upon literature examining cross‐modal sensory interactions and congruence to explore the impact of smell on touch. In line with our predictions, two experiments show that smell can impact touch in meaningful ways. Specifically, we show that multisensory semantic congruence between smell and touch properties of a stimulus enhances haptic perception and product evaluation. We explore this relationship in the context of two properties of touch, namely texture and temperature, and demonstrate that both smell and touch can have semantic associations, which can affect haptic perception and product evaluation depending on whether they match or not. In study 1, we focus on the semantic association of smell and touch (texture) with gender and in study 2 with temperature. Our results extend prior work on smell and touch within consumer behavior, and further contribute to emerging literature on multisensory interactions.
Role of manufacturing flexibility in managing duality of formalization and environmental uncertainty in emerging firms
Authors: Patel Pankaj C. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIncreased firm formalization helps emerging firms develop stable routines and processes to increase their chances of survival. However, uncertain and dynamic task environments of emerging firms require more flexible organizational structures. Such duality of structural prescriptions stems from competing demands of task and institutional environments. We propose that manufacturing flexibility could help decouple activities required in task environments from those required in institutional environments, thereby mitigating the conflict of adopting flexible and rigid structures at the same time. An emerging venture could meet demands of institutional environments through formalized structures, and use manufacturing flexibility to address needs of task environment in order to mitigate liabilities of newness. Using a sample of 167 high‐technology manufacturing firms in the UK, we use a moderated polynomial regression approach to test the proposed framework. Results indicate that formalized structures in conjunction with manufacturing flexibility lead to enhanced performance. The findings extend literature on organizational structures in operations management and entrepreneurship.
Brain tumor stem cells: The cancer stem cell hypothesis writ large
Authors: Dirks Peter B. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBrain tumors, which are typically very heterogeneous at the cellular level, appear to have a stem cell foundation. Recently, investigations from multiple groups have found that human as well as experimental mouse brain tumors contain subpopulations of cells that functionally behave as tumor stem cells, driving tumor growth and generating tumor cell progeny that form the tumor bulk, but which then lose tumorigenic ability. In human glioblastomas, these tumor stem cells express neural precursor markers and are capable of differentiating into tumor cells that express more mature neural lineage markers. In addition, modeling brain tumors in mice suggests that neural precursor cells more readily give rise to full blown tumors, narrowing potential cells of origin to those rarer brain cells that have a proliferative potential. Applying stem cell concepts and methodologies is giving fresh insight into brain tumor biology, cell of origin and mechanisms of growth, and is offering new opportunities for development of more effective treatments. The field of brain tumor stem cells remains very young and there is much to be learned before these new insights are translated into new patient treatments.
Effect of Low‐flow Anesthesia Education on Knowledge, Attitude and Behavior of the Anesthesia Team
Authors: Hanci Volkan , Yurtlu Serhan , Ayoğlu Hilal , Okyay Rahşan Dilek , Erdoğan Gülay , Abduşoğlu Mustafa , Sayin Esin , Turan Işil Özkoçak 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of education on the knowledge, attitude and behavior of anesthesiology staff and residents towards low‐flow anesthesia. The staff and residents in the Department of Anesthesia and Reanimation, Zonguldak Karaelmas University were given theoretical and practical training in delivering low‐flow anesthesia. To evaluate their attitudes and behaviors toward low‐flow anesthesia, we collected data during the 6 months before training, during the first 3 months after training, and at 4–6 months after training. Anesthesia follow‐up records, operation time, volatile anesthetic agent used, and the amount (in liters) of fresh gas low mid‐anesthesia were recorded in all three stages. A total of 3,158 patients received general anesthesia and inhalation anesthesia was used in 3,115 of these patients. Our study group consisted of 2,752 patients who had no absolute or relative contraindications to low‐flow anesthesia. While the mean fresh gas flow was 4.00 ± 0.00 L/min before training, this level dropped to 2.98 L/min in the first 3 months after training, and to 3.26 L/min in the following 3 months. The mean fresh gas flow was significantly lower at the two post‐training assessments than before training (p < 0.05). In conclusion, low‐flow anesthesia may be used more frequently if educational seminars are provided to anesthetists. The use of low‐flow anesthesia may increase further by allocating more time to this technique in anesthesia training programs provided at regular intervals.
Method of Retention Control for Compromised Periodontal Bone Support Abutment of Conical Crown Retained Denture
Authors: Wang Chau‐Hsiang , Lee Huey‐Er , Lan Ting‐Hsun , Igarashi Yoshimasa 
Published: August 2010

AbstractConical crown‐retained dentures (CCRD) show a higher survival rate and greater patient satisfaction than transitional removable partial dentures during long‐term follow‐up. However, unsustainable denture retention force on supporting abutments after initial delivery and loss retention are frequently seen in long‐term follow‐up of clinical cases. The main causes are insufficient information concerning denture retention designs and the retention‐tolerance of the supporting abutments. Monitoring by dental technicians of the quality of dental prostheses is critical. This case report describes an optimal method for CCRD construction that determines and distributes an optimal denture retention force on the supporting abutments to allow the patient to easily remove the denture while ensuring that the CCRD remains in place during physiologic activities. Oral rehabilitation with CCRD should consider the condition of the abutment periodontal support, the interarch occlusal relationship, supplemental fatigue of the terminal abutment, and patient's estimated bite force. The effects of friction on the abutment's inner crown were based on an optimal a angle. The dental laboratory used these measurements to fabricate a CCRD using a Koni‐Meter to adjust the retention of the inner crown. This method protects the abutments and reduces the wear between the inner and outer crowns. The CCRD achieved good esthetic results and physiologic functions. Periodic long‐term follow‐up of the patient and CCRD after initial placement is recommended.
The efficiency of three-visit square surveys vs. one-visit line transects in censusing sparsely distributed birds in managed forest landscapes
Authors: SOLONEN TAPIO , JOKIMÄKI JUKKA 
Published: August 2010

SummaryWe conducted three-visit surveys of 1-km2plots and traditional Finnish single-visit line transects (considering only the 50 m wide main belt) to evaluate these methods in censusing of a predetermined set of 23 target species known to prefer old forests in three regions in Finland. The efficiency of the two methods was compared on the basis of the number of territories recorded per hour. An attempt was made to find indicators of the occurrence of suitable habitats for species preferring old forest in general, including the rarest ones, and so also largely indicating total diversity of forest bird fauna of the study area. The total number of pairs observed per hour and the abundance of sedentary bird species were significantly higher in the square surveys than in the main belt of the line transects. There were significant positive relationships between the densities of relatively abundant (density > 1.0 pairs km−2) and less abundant target species. There emerged five common forest bird species that seemed to form a suitable set of indicators of the occurrence of habitats for birds preferring old forest in the northern boreal zone: Great Spotted WoodpeckerDendrocopos major, Mistle ThrushTurdus viscivorus, Willow TitParus montanus, Eurasian TreecreeperCerthia familiaris, and Eurasian BullfinchPyrrhula pyrrhula. We concluded that sedentary species preferring old forest are good candidates for indicators to characterize some threatened aspects of forest bird diversity.
Provision of artificial shelter on beaches is associated with improved shorebird fledging success
Authors: MAGUIRE GRAINNE S. , DUIVENVOORDEN ANDREW K. , WESTON MICHAEL A. , ADAMS ROBYN 
Published: August 2010

SummaryArtificial chick shelters might improve productivity of beach-nesting birds threatened by anthropogenic disturbance. We investigated the efficacy of three different chick shelter designs against four criteria: accessibility to chicks over time, thermal insulation, conspicuousness to beach-goers, and practicality (cost and ease of transport). One design (‘A-frame’) was selected because it offered the greatest thermal insulation, was the least conspicuous, most cost effective, and performed equally well in terms of accessibility. We deployed these artificial shelters on Hooded PloverThinornis rubricollisterritories where broods were present (n= 11), and compared the behaviour and survival rate of chicks to that at control sites (n= 10). We were unable to discern any difference in the behaviour of broods when artificial shelters were available. However, the survival rate of chicks to fledging was 71.8% higher where an artificial shelter was provided (n= 21 broods). This was validated by analysing data from a larger sample of broods monitored as part of an active volunteer-based management programme; shelters conferred a 42.8% increase in survival to fledging (n= 81 broods). Thus, artificial shelters have the potential to increase survival rates of threatened shorebird chicks, though the mechanisms through which survival is increased require further investigation.
New Surveys of a Branch of the Indonesian Throughflow
Authors: Susanto R. Dwi , Fang Guohong , Soesilo Indroyono , Zheng Quanan , Qiao Fangli , Wei Zexun , Sulistyo Budi 
Published: August 2010

Global ocean circulation is a primary mechanism for transporting energy and nutrients around the planet. At its most basic level, this circulation transports water from the Pacific Ocean through the Indonesian archipelago into the Indian Ocean; these waters join the Agulhas Current, which loops around Africa and in turn joins the Gulf Stream in the Atlantic Ocean. Upon reaching the North Atlantic, waters sink, creep south along the ocean floor as deep water, trace around Antarctica as bottom water, and move to the Pacific Ocean where they upwell, only to seep back into the Indian Ocean through the straits and channels surrounding Indonesia.The seepage of warm equatorial waters from the western Pacific Ocean into the Indian Ocean is called the Indonesian Throughflow (ITF). Long recognized as a key component of global ocean circulation, the ITF's magnitude and variability play an important role in determining heat and nutrient exchange to other ocean basins. Scientists' ability to estimate ITF behavior is therefore essential for understanding the global climate system.
Auroral Substorms Paradigm Shifts in Research
Authors: Akasofu Syun‐Ichi 
Published: August 2010

The study of scientific advancement is the study of evolving thought. Disciplines progress as old prevailing theoretical ideas are toppled by new ones, one after another. Provided that new ideas can be independently verified, scientists at any level can greatly contribute to their field.Though space weather is a young field, it has been riddled with such paradigm shifts. As a scientist who has worked on auroral and magnetospheric substorm research during several of these moments, I have witnessed firsthand how diligence, patience, and creativity combine to advance science.