bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation of cellulose-PCC fibre hybrids: Use as filler in polypropylene (PP) composites
Authors: Heinicke Birgit , Zahel Martin , Ferreira Ignatius , Arndt Tiemo , Naseem Sajid , Heckel Sandra , Kuehnert Ines , Miletzky Frank , Leuteritz Andreas 
Published: April 2024

Abstract Polymer composite materials find application in various life sectors such as packaging, lightweight construction and the fabrication of medical devices. Functional fillers like mineral colloids, synthetic and natural fibres enable a precise tailoring of the mechanical properties of the resulting compounds. Precipitated calcium carbonate (CaCO3, PCC) has proven to be a special popular mineral polymer filler. From economic and ecologic reasons, it is desirable to increase filler contents in polymers while maintaining material strength. To achieve this, the present work has developed a hybrid filler system which is based on carboxymethylated, fibrillated cellulose fibres. CaCO3 is precipitated onto the fibres in a single step twin-screw extrusion process by the co-precipitation method. This process ensures a strong, permanent interaction between the fibres and the mineral particles, which enables CaCO3 contents in the filler of up to 68 wt.-%. The resulting hybrid fillers were compounded with polypropylene (PP) in a powder or paste state with filler contents between 5 wt.-% and 20 wt.-%. The resulting composites show an increase in the zero-shear viscosity and, in the event of sufficient network formation, a marked increase in stiffness was observed.
Intrusive Mental Imagery in Chronic Pain: Prevalence and Associations with Common Comorbidities
Authors: Maxwell Watts Jake , Blackwell Simon E. , Daniels Jo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Chronic pain is a highly prevalent and distressing condition with limited treatment efficacy. Prior research reports associations between the experience of mental imagery about chronic pain and pain itself, particularly in those with anxiety and depression. However, many aspects of these associations remain unexplored. A better understanding could help improve cognitive-behavioural therapies for chronic pain. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of intrusive pain-related mental imagery in a sample of people with chronic pain, examine the extent to which this imagery explained variation in pain intensity and disability, and examine the association between negative interpretations of imagery and pain.

Method
A cross-sectional online survey was conducted. Participants with chronic pain (n = 151) completed standardised measures of anxiety, depression, health anxiety, general imagery use, and an adapted questionnaire about intrusive pain-related imagery.

Results
Intrusive pain-related imagery was present in 52.3% of the sample. Demographic variables, anxiety, depression, and health anxiety significantly explained 19% (p < .001) of the variation in pain intensity and 20.2% (p < .001) in pain disability. The presence/absence of intrusive pain-related imagery did not significantly explain any additional variance for either outcome. However negative interpretations of imagery explained additional variance in pain disability. Intrusive imagery was interpreted negatively, experienced as moderately distressing, and was associated with higher rates of anxiety, depression and health anxiety.

Conclusions
Experiencing intrusive imagery about pain is common, but its presence or absence appears to have no direct relationship on pain intensity or disability. The relationship is likely to be more complex, warranting further investigation. Negative interpretations of imagery represent a potential treatment target amenable to intervention.
Quickest Detection of Ecological Regimes for Natural Resource Management
Authors: Deopa Neha , Rinaldo Daniele 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe study the stochastic dynamics of natural resources under the threat of ecological regime shifts. We establish a Pareto optimal framework of regime shift detection under uncertainty that minimizes the delay with which economic agents become aware of the shift. We integrate ecosystem surveillance in the formation of optimal resource extraction policies. We fully solve the case of a profit-maximizing monopolist, study its response to regime shift detection and show the generality of our framework by extending our results to other decision makers and functional forms. We apply our framework to the case of the Cantareira water reservoir in São Paulo, Brazil, and study the events that led to its depletion and the consequent water supply crisis.
A study on the improvement of bicycle transportation in Sivas city using hybrid multi-criteria model based network analysis
Authors: Güldü Elif , Kuşçu Şimşek Çağdaş , Selim Serdar 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe bicycle stands out as a sustainability-friendly vehicle due to its benefits for health, the environment, and the economy. However, the deficiencies and inadequacies in the cycling infrastructure prevent a safe and comfortable riding environment, in addition to indirectly preventing the widespread use of bicycles. This study aims to integrate a few disconnected bicycle routes in a city and create a bicycle road network that will allow the efficient use of bicycles in the urban area by using a Hybrid Multi-Criteria Model-Based Network Analysis. In the study, considering the physical, social, and visual criteria that should be used when determining bicycle paths, the suitability weight of each road line for bicycle transportation was determined. In this step, the bicycle path network was created using the weighted roads between the important points of the city in terms of tourism, trade, education, health, culture, transportation, and recreation areas. The most suitable bicycle routes were generated by network analysis considering the weighted roads that were determined by a model hybridized with the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and analytic network process (ANP) methods and minimum distances. When the eligibility checks of the obtained routes were made, it was determined that while 99.7% of the roads passed through moderately suitable, suitable, and very suitable roads, only 0.3% of the new routes passed through unsuitable roads. The findings revealed that both efficient and less costly bicycle lines can be created using the proposed method.
Climbing the ivory tower: agency, reflexivity and the career pathways of care-experienced academics in higher education
Authors: Harrison Neil , Benham-Clarke Simon 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThere has been increasing interest in understanding the higher education experiences of students who spent time ‘in care’ as children, who tend to have to overcome strong barriers to educational success. Care-experienced students often thrive in higher education, although little is currently known about those who build on this success to pursue their own academic career. This study sought to explore the educational trajectories and working lives of care-experienced academics in the UK for the first time. We used an online survey to identify potential interview participants, leading to 21 semi-structured online interviews. This article reports the findings from five of the eight themes developed through thematic analysis, focusing primarily on the diverse pathways into and through academic careers. We used Archer’s concepts of reflexivity and the ‘internal conversation’ to explore agency, enablements and constraints. Most participants highlighted the disrupted nature of their schooling, although school was a place of safety and success for some. Pathways into higher education were heterogeneous, including a group who had used their ‘expertise through experience’ to forge academic careers in disciplines like social work and psychology. Career precarity was common and particularly challenging without family ‘safety nets’. Our participants tended to show high levels of self-reliance and/or willingness to seek help, coupled with a scepticism around long-term planning. We argue that these factors are shaped by early lives and lead to specific forms of reflexivity, concluding that universities need to recognise care experience as a status deserving of additional career support.
The Unconscious in Husserl’s Phenomenology
Authors: Geniusas Saulius 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAlthough Husserl’s analyses of the unconscious are scattered throughout various writings, many of which have been published in Hua III/2, Hua VI, Hua X, Hua XI, Hua XV, Hua XVII, Hua XXXIX and Experience and Judgment, nowhere else has he addressed the unconscious in such fascinating detail as in the manuscripts collected in Hua XLII. The publication of this volume has made it patently clear that the unconscious has many meanings in Husserl. A clarification of the different ways in which Husserl has spoken of the unconscious is still missing in the literature and it is much needed. With the aim of developing a taxonomy of the unconscious in Husserl, here I trace the different meanings Husserl has given to this concept and I argue that in his phenomenology, the unconscious can be understood at least in seven ways: as the horizonal unconscious, the time-constituting unconscious, the sedimented unconscious, the repressed unconscious, the absorbed unconscious, the dormant unconscious, and the instinctual unconscious. Besides articulating the essential features of each determination, I also clarify what they all share. With the aim of showing what is distinctive of Husserl’s approach to the unconscious, I offer some reflections on what differentiates Husserl’s phenomenology of the unconscious vis-à-vis Freud’s psychoanalysis. In general, I maintain that while it is a limit problem in phenomenology, the unconscious should also be considered a central phenomenological theme, for as Husserl’s reflections show, without offering a phenomenology of the unconscious, phenomenology can only operate with a preliminary and insufficient conception of consciousness.
Breeding waterbird species as ecological indicators of shifts from turbid to clear water conditions in northwest European shallow eutrophic lakes
Authors: Fox Anthony D. , Jørgensen Hans E. , Jeppesen Erik , Lauridsen Torben L. , Søndergaard Martin , Fugl Karsten , Myssen Palle P. , Balsby Thorsten J. S. , Clausen Preben , Musil Petr , Musilová Zuzana 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe used biological and physical responses at 71 shallow waterbodies with contrasting nutrient levels undergoing recovery from eutrophication to predict potential changes in waterbird species abundance, an important component of lake ecosystems. These general predictions were tested using 28 years of breeding waterbird data from three Danish shallow eutrophic lakes, comparing species-specific responses to improved nutrient and water transparency in two lakes with a third where conditions remained constantly suitable for breeding waterbirds. We predicted positive responses to improved water quality from pursuit diving predators (three grebe species), a specialist zooplankton feeder (northern shoveler Anas clypeata) and waterbirds feeding on (common pochard Aythya ferina) or within (tufted duck A. fuligula) submerged macrophyte underwater canopies. These species were characterised by positive waterbird community composition changes (using Principal Components Analysis) associated with decreasing nutrient loading and increasing water transparency at two lakes, with no change in breeding waterbird community at the third. Secchi depth explained 73–95% of variance in both PC axes at both restored lakes, but not at the third, suggesting water transparency was the major factor driving waterbird community composition. These examples show predicting waterbird species-specific responses to management can usefully direct the use of breeding waterbirds as indicator species.
Doomed to fail? A call to reform global climate governance and greenhouse gas inventories
Authors: Herman Kyle S. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCommitments to emissions reductions following the landmark Paris Climate Change Agreement have proliferated. Though it is promising that 145 countries have declared a net-zero emissions target, with 33 enshrining this goal into law, comparison of country-level emissions inventories can only be effectively carried out with uniform and consistent data. The extent to which greenhouse gas (GHG) inventory comparison is possible, and the ancillary climate governance implications, are the motivation for this article. Based on time-series correlation analyses over 32 years and 43 Annex-I countries, we uncover issues that are likely to inveigh against country-country comparison of GHGs—with the potential to weaken climate governance systems that are based mainly on emissions inventory tracking. First, the Global Warming Potentials (GWPs)—which convert each respective GHG into carbon equivalents (CO2-e), and are revised with each IPCC report—are not immediately or consistently integrated into GHG inventories. Second, GHGs apart from carbon dioxide, based on the data analysis, do not appear to be tracked uniformly. Should comparison of emissions remain a cornerstone of global climate governance, an overhaul of country-level GHG inventories is called for, specifically to enable effective reporting and tracking of GHGs apart from only carbon dioxide.
The Influence of Employment Quality on Employee Health Complaints: A Parallel Mediation Model
Authors: Davcheva Marija , González-Romá Vicente , Hernández Ana , Tomás Inés 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Employment quality is a social determinant of employee health. However, little is known about the psychological mechanisms underlying this relationship. In this study, we investigated whether work engagement and affective job insecurity mediated the relationship between three employment quality indicators: type of contract (0. temporary vs. 1. permanent), employment relationship (0. part-time vs. 1. full-time), and salary, on the one hand, and employee health complaints, on the other. We implemented a time-lagged design with three time points. Our sample was composed of 247 employees. The data analysis using Structural Equation Modelling methods showed statistically significant negative indirect effects of the job contract type and salary on employee health complaints via the two mediators investigated in the case of salary and via affective job insecurity in the case of job contract type. Our study contributes to understanding why some employment quality indicators are related to employee health complaints. It also highlights that promoting high quality employment arrangements is not only a way to create engaging and secure jobs, but also an avenue leading towards employees’ health.
A Boundary Control Problem for Stochastic 2D-Navier–Stokes Equations
Authors: Chemetov Nikolai , Cipriano Fernanda 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe study a stochastic velocity tracking problem for the 2D-Navier–Stokes equations perturbed by a multiplicative Gaussian noise. From a physical point of view, the control acts through a boundary injection/suction device with uncertainty, modeled by stochastic non-homogeneous Navier-slip boundary conditions. We show the existence and uniqueness of the solution to the state equation, and prove the existence of an optimal solution to the control problem.
Measuring ecological connectivity with ecological distance and dynamic resistant kernels
Authors: Zeller Katherine A. , Compton Bradley W. , P. Finn Sean , Palm Eric C. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Context
Species-agnostic connectivity models are often used to inform management over broad spatial scales. The four main approaches to species-agnostic models parameterize resistance to movement based on naturalness, structural features, climate, or geodiversity variables. Though all four of these factors simultaneously affect species movement and flow of ecological processes, they are rarely combined.

Objectives
We built upon an approach that uses all four of these factors to model current and future ecological connectivity for the Crown of the Continent Ecoregion, in Canada and the USA.

Methods
We estimated resistance for each pixel on the landscape based on multivariate ecological distances to surrounding pixels. We then modeled connectivity with resistant kernels at different scales, and dynamically in response to future climates from 2020 to 2080.

Results
Across the study area, we found median connectivity values decreased by 17–50% from 2020 to 2080 depending on the scale, with broader scales experiencing greater losses in connectivity. Though often considered natural conduits for movement, stream and valley bottoms generally lost connectivity through time. Wilderness areas had significantly higher connectivity values than unprotected lands for all time steps and scales, indicating their importance for maintaining future connectivity of ecological processes.

Conclusions
We offer an updated approach for species-agnostic connectivity modeling that combines naturalness, structural features, and topo-climatic layers while considering multiple scales of ecological processes over a large spatial extent and dynamism through time. This approach can be applied to other landscapes to produce products for short- and long-term management of connectivity and ecological resilience.
Cut-and-paste for impulsive gravitational waves with $$\Lambda $$: the mathematical analysis
Authors: Sämann Clemens , Schinnerl Benedict , Steinbauer Roland , Švarc Robert 
Published: April 2024

AbstractImpulsive gravitational waves are theoretical models of short but violent bursts of gravitational radiation. They are commonly described by two distinct spacetime metrics, one of local Lipschitz regularity and the other one even distributional. These two metrics are thought to be ‘physically equivalent’ since they can be formally related by a ‘discontinuous coordinate transformation’. In this paper we provide a mathematical analysis of this issue for the entire class of nonexpanding impulsive gravitational waves propagating in a background spacetime of constant curvature. We devise a natural geometric regularisation procedure to show that the notorious change of variables arises as the distributional limit of a family of smooth coordinate transformations. In other words, we establish that both spacetimes arise as distributional limits of a smooth sandwich wave taken in different coordinate systems which are diffeomorphically related.
Effects of a nonlocal microstructure on peeling of thin films
Authors: Cavuoto Riccardo , Deseri Luca , Fraldi Massimiliano 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this work, starting from an approach previously proposed by the Authors, we put forward an extension to the large deformation regime of the dimensionally-reduced formulation for peridynamic thin plates, including both hyperelasticity and fracture. In particular, the model, validated against numerical simulations, addresses the problem of the peeling in nonlocal thin films, which when attached to a soft substrate highlights how nonlocality of the peeled-off layer might greatly influence the whole structural response and induce some unforeseen mechanical behaviours that could be useful for engineering applications. Through a key benchmark example, we in fact demonstrate that de-localization of damage and less destructive failure modes take place, these effects suggesting the possibility of ad hoc conceiving specific networks of nonlocal interactions between material particles, corresponding to lattice-equivalent structure of the nonlocal model treated, of interest in designing new material systems and interfaces with enhanced toughness and adhesive properties.
Design and synthesis of new quinazolinone derivatives: investigation of antimicrobial and biofilm inhibition effects
Authors: Hassan Rasha Mohamed , Yehia Heba , El-Behairy Mohammed F. , El-Azzouny Aida Abdel-Sattar , Aboul-Enein Mohamed Nabil 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
New quinazolin-4-ones 9–32 were synthesized in an attempt to overcome the life-threatening antibiotic resistance phenomenon. The antimicrobial screening revealed that compounds 9, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20 and 29 are the most broad spectrum antimicrobial agents in this study with safe profile on human cell lines. Additionally, compounds 19 and 20 inhibited biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which is regulated by quorum sensing system, at sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) with IC50 values 3.55 and 6.86 µM, respectively. By assessing other pseudomonal virulence factors suppression, it was found that compound 20 decreased cell surface hydrophobicity compromising bacterial cells adhesion, while both compounds 19 and 20 curtailed the exopolysaccharide production which constitutes the major component of the matrix binding biofilm components together. Also, at sub-MICs Pseudomonas cells twitching motility was impeded by compounds 19 and 20, a trait which augments the cells pathogenicity and invasion potential. Molecular docking study was performed to further evaluate the binding mode of candidates 19 and 20 as inhibitors of P. aeruginosa quorum sensing transcriptional regulator PqsR. The achieved results demonstrate that both compounds bear promising potential for discovering new anti-biofilm and quorum quenching agents against Pseudomonas aeruginosa without triggering resistance mechanisms as the normal bacterial life cycle is not disturbed.

Graphical abstract

New 4-quinazolinones were synthesized and screened for their antimicrobial activity. Compounds 19 and 20 inhibited biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa at sub- minimum inhibitory concentrations. Also, they decreased other virulence factors at low concentrations without affecting bacterial growth bacteria indicating their promising profile as anti-virulence agents that cause less bacterial resistance than the conventional antibiotics.
An integrated enhancement method to improve image visibility and remove color cast for sand-dust image
Authors: Hassan Mohd Fikree , Siaw Lang Wong , Paramesran Raveendran 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSand-dust color images suffer from poor image visibility and serious color cast that significantly affect the performance of outdoor computer vision systems. Therefore, this paper proposes an integrated enhancement method for the sand-dust image. The proposed method improves the image visibility and removes the sand-dust color cast. It integrates two main processes in two different color models. The adaptive gray world-blue channel (AGW-B) is utilized in the Red-Green-Blue (RGB) color model to remove the sand-dust color cast. Then, the contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization with normalized intensity and saturation correction (CLAHE-NISC) is conducted in a Hue-Saturation-Intensity (HSI) color model to enhance the image visibility. Sand-dust images with weak, medium, and extreme sand-dust color casts were utilized in the subjective and objective evaluations. Results show that the proposed method produced better and clearer enhanced images than the other four current sand-dust image enhancement methods.