bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biodegradable inflatable balloon for reducing radiation adverse effects in prostate cancer
Authors: Levy Yair , Paz Adrian , Yosef Rami Ben , Corn Benjamin W. , Vaisman Boris , Shuhat Shaul , Domb Abraham J. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractCarcinoma of the prostate is one of the most abundant killers for men in the western world, and it is frequently treated via Radiation therapy. Unfortunately, radiotherapy side effects include rectal irritation and bleeding, erectile dysfunction and urinary frequency. Because radiation intensity decays rapidly as a function of distance, displacing irradiated prostate away from normal tissues would reduce damage and therefore side effects. The objective of this study is to develop an inflatable balloon that is implanted via a minimal invasive procedure. The balloon is made of a biodegradable polymer called poly(lactide‐co‐ε‐caprolactone). The implant is inserted rolled throughout the perineum; inflated in situ with a physiological saline; sealed and placed between the rectum wall, and the prostate gland. Balloon's mechanical and chemical properties were extensively characterized both in vitro and in vivo. The balloon's preparation ensures no bonding across surfaces as these may endanger the implant mechanical stability. Moreover, the coating method does not alter the polymer's molecular weight and therefore preserve its mechanical properties. Balloon's sterilization was carried out using ethylene oxide which, as our results show and in comparison with γ‐irradiation, doesn't damage the mechanical stability of the implant. The proper functionality of the insertion‐mounting device as well as the balloon capability to retain its inflated form during patients' radiation session was demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2009
Can technology stocks lead the S&P 500 higher?
Authors: Tokic Damir 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe author suggests that the stock market might approach the bottom of its decline during the first half of 2009. And he believes that technology stocks, which have held their price better than the rest of the market, are likely to lead the market higher. But several developments may squelch that recovery—including the geopolitical situation and rising protectionism. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A new look at telecommuting and teleworking
Authors: Raiborn Cecily , Butler Janet B. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractRemember telecommuting? During the current economic crisis, many companies are taking a new look at letting employees work at home, using a PC to connect to company data. Although layoffs are becoming commonplace, companies must keep an eye on the future by retaining those employees who are keys to business success and hold organizational memory. Also, laying off too many employees will increase future training costs when the economy rebounds. Telecommuting (and the broader concept, teleworking) is one way to balance the need to cut costs while retaining talented people. But there is also a downside to this practice, and the authors take an honest look at both the pros and cons. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Surgeons and scientists: Working together in embryo research
Authors: Murdoch Alison P. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractMost surgeons in academic hospitals will have had a request from an enthusiastic research scientist to take samples of tissue during an operation. It seems reasonable and most patients will respond positively. But of course it is not quite that simple. The regulation of donation of human tissue for basic research is clearly defined but usually less rigorous than that which covers translational research and clinical trials. An exception has been the donation of embryos for embryonic stem cell derivation. The specific issues related to obtaining cells from patients for this work has resulted in a different relationship between scientist and clinician. This will be considered. J. Cell. Biochem. 108: 1–2, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Transforming growth factor‐β1 regulation of ATF‐3 and identification of ATF‐3 target genes in breast cancer cells
Authors: Kwok Sukyee , Rittling Susan R. , Partridge Nicola C. , Benson Chellakkan S. , Thiyagaraj Mayuranathan , Srinivasan Narasimhan , Selvamurugan Nagarajan 
Published: July 2009

AbstractTransforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1) is a crucial molecule for stimulation of breast cancer invasion and formation of bone metastases. The molecular mechanisms of how TGF‐β1 mediates these effects have yet to be completely determined. We have found that activating transcription factor‐3 (ATF‐3) is strongly stimulated and its level is sustained by TGF‐β1 in highly invasive and metastatic human breast cancer (MDA‐MB231) and in mouse mammary pad tumor cells (r3T). ATF‐3 is also overexpressed in human primary breast cancer tissue. Overexpression of ATF‐3 increased normal human mammary epithelial cell number and DNA synthesis suggesting a role for ATF‐3 in cell proliferation. The functional role of ATF‐3 in breast cancer progression was determined by the RNA interference technique. Knockdown of ATF‐3 by ATF‐3 shRNA in MDA‐MB231 cells decreased expression of cell cycle gene, cyclin A1 in MDA‐MB231 cells. ATF‐3 shRNA also decreased expression of an invasive and metastatic gene, matrix metalloproteinase‐13 (MMP‐13; collagenase‐3) in these cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments identified the direct physical interaction of ATF‐3 protein on the human MMP‐13 promoter. Thus, the dysregulation of ATF‐3 by TGF‐β1 is likely to activate cyclin A1 and MMP‐13 genes in breast cancer cells and that would be key to the subsequent cancer cell invasion and metastasis. J. Cell. Biochem. 108: 408–414, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Killian‐Jamieson diverticulum mimicking a suspicious thyroid nodule: Sonographic diagnosis
Authors: Pang Jae Choon , Chong Semin , Na Hyoung Il , Kim Young Seok , Park Sung Jun , Kwon Gui Young 
Published: July 2009

AbstractKillian‐Jamieson diverticulum is a rare form of pharyngoesophageal diverticula emerging in the anterolateral wall of the cervical esophagus. We present a case of Killian‐Jamieson diverticulum that mimicked a thyroid nodule on sonography (US), and for which a US‐guided fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) was performed. The possibility of Killian‐Jamieson diverticulum should be considered when a thyroid nodule is seen adjacent to the esophagus even without US change during/after swallowing. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2009
Safety and diagnostic accuracy of percutaneous ultrasound‐guided biopsy of the spleen: A multicenter study
Authors: Gómez‐Rubio Mariano , López‐Cano Antonio , Rendón Paloma , Muñoz‐Benvenuty Agustín , Macías Manuel , Garre Carmen , Segura‐Cabral Jose María 
Published: July 2009

AbstractPurpose.To analyze the safety and accuracy of ultrasound‐guided (USG) percutaneous needle biopsy of the spleen.Methods.Sixty‐two USG needle biopsies performed in 52 patients were retrospectively analyzed: there were 53 biopsies of local lesions and 9 biopsies of diffuse lesions. Fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) was performed in 37 cases and core‐needle biopsy (CNB) in 25 cases. The complications and diagnostic accuracy of the 2 types of biopsy were compared.Results.Two patients (3.8%) had postprocedural hemorrhage after CNB; one was minor, and the other severe, requiring splenectomy. No bleeding occurred with FNA. The diagnostic accuracy was similar with FNA (86.5%) and CNB (92%), whereas in patients with lymphoma, accuracy of FNA (80%) tended to be lower than that of CNB (100%), although the difference was not statistically significant.Conclusion.USG needle biopsy is safe and effective for diagnosing both focal and diffuse splenic lesions. The risk of bleeding may be lower with FNA than with CNB. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2009
Middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity and ductus venosus velocity in the investigation of nonimmune hydrops
Authors: Borna Sedigheh , Mirzaie Fatemeh , Hanthoush‐Zadeh Sedigheh , Khazardoost Soghra , Rahimi‐Sharbaf Fatemeh 
Published: July 2009

AbstractPurpose.This study was performed to investigate the cause of nonimmune hydrops fetalis by measuring the peak systolic velocity (PSV) in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and velocity waveforms of the ductus venosus (DV) with Doppler.Methods.This cross‐sectional study was done on 19 pregnancies referred to three university teaching hospitals for further investigation of nonimmune hydrops fetalis in 2007 and 2008. The MCA‐PSV and DV velocity waveforms were recorded in all fetuses. Anemia was investigated in cases with MCA‐PSV values greater than 1.50 MoM (multiple of the median). Cardiovascular causes and chromosomal abnormalities were investigated in fetuses with abnormal DV velocity.Results.Four of 19 fetuses had MCA‐PSV values greater than 1.50 MoM. The causes of anemia were cytomegalovirus, parvovirus B19 infections, congenital heart disease, and Turner syndrome. Four cases had reversed flow in the DV; three of them had congenital heart disease on echocardiography; and one had a normal echocardiogram, but an abnormal karyotype was detected.Conclusion.Assessment of the MCA‐PSV and DV velocity waveforms during sonographic examination of fetuses with nonimmune hydrops fetalis may improve our knowledge about the etiology of this condition. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2009
Structural modeling and biochemical studies reveal insights into the molecular basis of the recognition of β‐2‐microglobulin by antibody BBM.1
Authors: Du Jiamu , Yang Hui , Peng Baozhen , Ding Jianping 
Published: July 2009

AbstractHuman β‐2‐microglobulin (β2m) is the light chain of human leucocyte antigen‐I (HLA‐I). It can disassociate from HLA‐I and accumulate to cause serious dialysis‐related amyloidosis (DRA) in long‐term hemodialysis patients. Monoclonal antibody (mAb) BBM.1 can recognize both free‐form and HLA‐I associated β2m. It can be used for specific elimination of β2m from serum and can induce apoptosis of several types of tumor cells, and thus has great therapeutic potential. In this study, we constructed structural models of the BBM.1 Fv (fragment of the variable domain) and the BBM.1 Fv‐β2m complex, followed by biochemical evaluation. Analysis of the optimal complex model reveals that the previously identified immunodominant residues Glu44 and Arg45 of β2m have direct interactions with BBM.1, while Asp38 exerts its function mainly via stabilization of Arg45. In addition, Arg81 of β2m is a newly identified immunodominant residue to have direct interaction with BBM.1. Further modeling study shows no steric conflict between the antibody and the HLA‐I heavy chain. These results provide insights into the molecular basis of the recognition of β2m by BBM.1 and explain why BBM.1 can bind both free‐form and HLA‐1 associated β2m. This information could be exploited in the engineering and improvement of BBM.1 and the development of other β2m‐targeting mAbs for therapeutic purposes. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
SPICE‐aided modelling of dc characteristics of power bipolar transistors with self‐heating taken into account
Authors: Zarębski Janusz , Górecki Krzysztof 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThis paper deals with the problem of calculations of the dc characteristics of power bipolar transistors (BJTs) with self‐heating taken into account. The electrothermal model of the considered devices dedicated for PSPICE is presented. The correctness of the model was verified experimentally in all ranges of the BJT operation. Two transistors—BD285 and 2N3055—were arbitrarily selected for investigation. A good agreement between the measured and calculated characteristics of these transistors was observed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Advances in carrier‐envelope phase stabilization of grating‐based chirped‐pulse amplifiers
Authors: Moon E. , Wang H. , Gilbertson S. , Mashiko H. , Chini M. , Chang Z. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractGrating‐based chirped pulse amplifiers are the cornerstone of high‐power femtosecond lasers. The amplification of carrier‐envelope phase stable pulses in such lasers has only been realized within the last few years. Currently, the state‐of‐the‐art in this endeavor is utilizing the change in grating separation in the stretcher or compressor. The carrier‐envelope phase drift can be reduced to the 160 mrad RMS level and the carrier‐envelope phase can be swept in a 2 π range. The effects of laser pulse energy stability on the f‐to‐2f measurement of the carrier‐envelope phase were found to be significant, with a 1% change in laser energy leading to 160 mrad phase error, showing the need for power‐stable amplified laser systems. The phase‐stabilized pulses from grating‐based chirped amplifiers have been successfully used in attosecond pulse generation with subcycle gating techniques.
MSH6 G39E polymorphism and CpG island methylator phenotype in colon cancer
Authors: Curtin Karen , Samowitz Wade S. , Wolff Roger K. , Caan Bette J. , Ulrich Cornelia M. , Potter John D. , Slattery Martha L. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe MSH6 G39E germline polymorphism is not associated with an increased risk of either microsatellite stable or unstable sporadic colorectal cancer. Other than microsatellite instability, however, most genetic and epigenetic changes of tumors associated with this common variant have not been studied. The objective of our investigation was to evaluate associations between the MSH6 G39E (116G>A) polymorphism and CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) and BRAF V600E mutations in tumors from a sample of 1048 individuals with colon cancer and 1964 controls from Utah, Northern California, and Minnesota. The G39E polymorphism (rs1042821) was determined by the five prime nuclease assay. CIMP was determined by methylation‐specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of CpG islands in MLH1, methylated in tumors (MINT)1, MINT2, MINT31, and CDKN2A. The BRAF V600E mutation was determined by sequencing exon 15. In microsatellite stable tumors, homozygous carriers of the G39E polymorphism had an increased risk of CIMP+ colon cancer (odds ratio (OR) 2.2, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1, 4.2) and BRAF V600E mutation (OR 3.1, 95% CI 1.01, 9.7) in a case–control comparison. This finding was not observed in unstable tumors; however, power may have been low to detect an association. Age at diagnosis, family history, and alcohol use did not interact with MSH6 G39E and CIMP. The MSH6 G39E germline polymorphism may be associated with CIMP+ colon cancer. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The perforator angiosome: A new concept in the design of deep inferior epigastric artery perforator flaps for breast reconstruction
Authors: Rozen Warren M. , Ashton Mark W. , Le Roux Cara Michelle , Pan Wei‐Ren , Corlett Russell J. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBackground: The previously described “perfusion zones” of the abdominal wall vasculature are based on filling of the deep inferior epigastric artery (DIEA) and all its branches simultaneously. With the advent of the DIEA perforator flap, only a single or several perforators are included in supply to the flap. As such, a new model for abdominal wall perfusion has become necessary. The concept of a “perforator angiosome” is thus explored. Methods: A clinical and cadaveric study of 155 abdominal walls was undertaken. This comprised the use of 10 whole, unembalmed cadaveric abdominal walls for angiographic studies, and 145 abdominal wall computed tomographic angiograms (CTAs) in patients undergoing preoperative imaging of the abdominal wall vasculature. The evaluation of the subcutaneous branching pattern and zone of perfusion of individual DIEA perforators was explored, particularly exploring differences between medial and lateral row perforators. Results: Fundamental differences exist between medial row and lateral row perforators, with medial row perforators larger (1.3 mm vs. 1 mm) and more likely to ramify in the subcutaneous fat toward the contralateral hemiabdomen (98% of cases vs. 2% of cases). A model for the perfusion of the abdominal wall based on a single perforator is presented. Conclusion: The “perforator angiosome” is dependent on perforator location, and can mapped individually with the use of preoperative imaging. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2010.
A quasi optimal Petrov–Galerkin method for Helmholtz problem
Authors: Loula Abimael F. D. , Fernandes Daniel T. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractA Petrov–Galerkin finite element formulation is introduced for Helmholtz problem in two dimensions using polynomial weighting functions. At each node of the mesh, a global basis function for the weighting space is obtained adding to the bilinear C0 Lagrangian weighting function linear combinations of polynomial bubbles defined on a macroelement containing this node. Quasi optimal weighting functions, with the same support of the corresponding global test functions, are obtained after computing the coefficients of these linear combinations attending to optimality criteria. This is done numerically through a simple preprocessing technique naturally applied to non‐uniform and unstructured meshes. In particular, for uniform mesh a quasi optimal interior stencil of the same order of the quasi‐stabilized finite element method stencil derived by Babuška et al. (Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Engrg 1995; 128:325–359) is obtained. Numerical results are presented illustrating the great stability and accuracy of this formulation with uniform and non‐uniform meshes. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A method for interpolating on manifolds structural dynamics reduced‐order models
Authors: Amsallem David , Cortial Julien , Carlberg Kevin , Farhat Charbel 
Published: July 2009

AbstractA rigorous method for interpolating a set of parameterized linear structural dynamics reduced‐order models (ROMs) is presented. By design, this method does not operate on the underlying set of parameterized full‐order models. Hence, it is amenable to an online real‐time implementation. It is based on mapping appropriately the ROM data onto a tangent space to the manifold of symmetric positive‐definite matrices, interpolating the mapped data in this space and mapping back the result to the aforementioned manifold. Algorithms for computing the forward and backward mappings are offered for the case where the ROMs are derived from a general Galerkin projection method and the case where they are constructed from modal reduction. The proposed interpolation method is illustrated with applications ranging from the fast dynamic characterization of a parameterized structural model to the fast evaluation of its response to a given input. In all cases, good accuracy is demonstrated at real‐time processing speeds. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A switching control strategy for the attenuation of blood glucose disturbances
Authors: Markakis Mihalis G. , Mitsis Georgios D. , Papavassilopoulos George P. , Ioannou Petros A. , Marmarelis Vasilis Z. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractIn this computational study we consider a generalized minimal model structure for the intravenously infused insulin–blood glucose dynamics, which can represent a wide variety of diabetic patients, and augment this model structure with a glucose rate disturbance signal that captures the aggregate effects of various internal and external factors on blood glucose. Then we develop a model‐based, switching controller, which attempts to balance between optimal performance, reduced computational complexity and avoidance of dangerous hypoglycaemic events. We evaluate the proposed algorithm relative to the widely studied proportional—derivative controller for the regulation of blood glucose with continuous insulin infusions. The results show that the proposed switching control strategy can regulate blood glucose much better than the proportional—derivative controller for all the different types of diabetic patients examined. This new algorithm is also shown to be remarkably robust in the event of concurrent, unknown variations in critical parameters of the adopted model. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Metallocene based polyolefin: a potential candidate for the replacement of flexible poly (vinyl chloride) in the medical field
Authors: Sunny M. C. , Ramesh P. , Mohanan P. V. , George K. E. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractA comparative assessment of the performance properties of metallocene polyolefin (m‐PO) with those of plasticized poly (vinyl chloride) (pPVC) and ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer having 18% vinyl acetate content (EVA‐18), the two common polymers used for flexible medical products, is carried out. The preliminary evaluation of the processability, mechanical properties, and thermal stability of the new material, m‐PO is described. The processability parameters like mixing torque and melt viscosity of m‐PO are found to be comparable with those of pPVC and EVA‐18. Mechanical properties such as tensile strength, elongation at break, and tear strength (TS) of m‐PO are much higher than that of pPVC and EVA‐18. Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) indicates that the thermal degradation of m‐PO takes place only at temperatures above 340°C and can be processed at 170°C without much damage. Oxygen and carbon dioxide permeabilities of m‐PO at three different temperatures (10, 25, and 40°C) are evaluated and compared with those of pPVC and EVA‐18. It could be seen that the permeabilities of both the gases for m‐PO at three temperatures were lower than those of pPVC and EVA. Biological evaluation of m‐PO is carried out by assessing its cytotoxicity, hemolytic property, and blood clotting initiation. The cytotoxicity studies indicate that m‐PO is non‐toxic to the monolayer of L929 mammalian fibroblast cell lines on direct contact or the exposure of its extract. Non‐hemolytic property of m‐PO by direct contact as well as test on extract is revealed both in static and in dynamic conditions. Blood clotting time experiments indicate that the initiation of blood clotting due to m‐PO is faster than that of pPVC and EVA‐18. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A study of the behavior of charge carriers in an organic non‐volatile memory device with a thin metal layer between polymers
Authors: Choi Jin‐Sik , Cho Young Suk , Yook Ju Young , Suh Dong Hack 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe behaviors of charge carriers were investigated to understand the reversible bistability in the polymer device with an embedded thin metal layer between the metal electrodes. The reversible bistability was sensitive to the condition of the embedded thin metal layer that was prepared by depositing 5 nm Al by 0.8 Å/sec. The device was controlled by the charge and the discharge in the effective trap sites of the embedded Al layer. Poly(N‐vinylcarbazole) as an organic active material merely conducted the charge transport function. The effective trap sites were contributed by the change of the reversible conductance and also preferred to be in a high conduction state. They took relatively low energy states easily as the device was affected by thermal stimulation at 150°C. The modification of the embedded Al layer improved its performances. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.