bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health Information Technology and the Medical Home
Authors: Kim George R. , Zurhellen William ,   Council on Clinical Information Technology
Published: April 2011

This Policy Statement was reaffirmed March 2022.
The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) supports development and universal implementation of a comprehensive electronic infrastructure to support pediatric information functions of the medical home. These functions include (1) timely and continuous management and tracking of health data and services over a patient's lifetime for all providers, patients, families, and guardians, (2) comprehensive organization and secure transfer of health data during patient-care transitions between providers, institutions, and practices, (3) establishment and maintenance of central coordination of a patient's health information among multiple repositories (including personal health records and information exchanges), (4) translation of evidence into actionable clinical decision support, and (5) reuse of archived clinical data for continuous quality improvement. The AAP supports universal, secure, and vendor-neutral portability of health information for all patients contained within the medical home across all care settings (ambulatory practices, inpatient settings, emergency departments, pharmacies, consultants, support service providers, and therapists) for multiple purposes including direct care, personal health records, public health, and registries. The AAP also supports financial incentives that promote the development of information tools that meet the needs of pediatric workflows and that appropriately recognize the added value of medical homes to pediatric care.
Pediatric and Adolescent Mental Health Emergencies in the Emergency Medical Services System
Authors: Dolan Margaret A. , Fein Joel A. ,   the Committee on Pediatric Emergency Medicine
Published: April 2011

This Technical Report was reaffirmed July 2014 and April 2020.
Emergency department (ED) health care professionals often care for patients with previously diagnosed psychiatric illnesses who are ill, injured, or having a behavioral crisis. In addition, ED personnel encounter children with psychiatric illnesses who may not present to the ED with overt mental health symptoms. Staff education and training regarding identification and management of pediatric mental health illness can help EDs overcome the perceived limitations of the setting that influence timely and comprehensive evaluation. In addition, ED physicians can inform and advocate for policy changes at local, state, and national levels that are needed to ensure comprehensive care of children with mental health illnesses. This report addresses the roles that the ED and ED health care professionals play in emergency mental health care of children and adolescents in the United States, which includes the stabilization and management of patients in mental health crisis, the discovery of mental illnesses and suicidal ideation in ED patients, and approaches to advocating for improved recognition and treatment of mental illnesses in children. The report also addresses special issues related to mental illness in the ED, such as minority populations, children with special health care needs, and children's mental health during and after disasters and trauma.
Community perceptions of water quality and current institutional arrangements in the Great Barrier Reef Region of Australia
Authors: Larson Silva , Stone-Jovicich Samantha 
Published: April 2011

This paper traces the perceived linkages between sources of water quality deterioration, impact on human wellbeing and the institutions responsible for dealing with the sources and impacts. The DPSIR (Driving forces-Pressure-State-Impact-Response) framework is used as a guide for data collection and to structure responses and the emerging themes. The web of linkages, as perceived by residents, is then compared with current institutional arrangements across different relevant sectors.
Taking a case study and exploratory research approach, eleven residents of Whitsunday shire, Queensland, Australia were interviewed about their perceptions of water related issues. This was followed by an analysis of current water management institutions for the region. Significant gaps were found between community concerns regarding water quality and actual institutional arrangements responsible for managing water use and quality. Residents perceived their local government body (Shire Council) as accountable for responding to water-related pressures and impacts in their Shire, whereas the responsibility falls primarily on government agencies and organisations at a regional, state and national level. Improved communication between the council and residents is needed to close these gaps in understanding. Moreover, incorporation of local perceptions and values regarding water pressure, impacts and preferred use into the development of institutional arrangements for water management is suggested.
Intelligent Robot Navigation using View Sequences and a Sparse Distributed Memory
Authors: Mendes Mateus , Coimbra A. Paulo , Crisóstomo Manuel M. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractDifferent approaches have been tried to navigate robots, including those based on visual memories. The Sparse Distributed Memory (SDM) is a kind of associative memory based on the properties of high dimensional binary spaces. It exhibits characteristics such as tolerance to noise and incomplete data, ability to work with sequences and the possibility of one-shot learning. Those characteristics make it appealing to use for robot navigation. The approach presented in this work was to navigate a robot using sequences of visual memories stored into a SDM. The robot makes intelligent decisions, such as selecting only relevant images to store during path learning, adjusting memory parameters to the level of noise and inferring new paths from learnt trajectories. The method of encoding the information may influence the tolerance of the SDM to noise and saturation. The present paper reports novel results of the limits of the model under different typical navigation problems. An algorithm to build a topological map of the environment based on the visual memories is also described.
Multifractal properties of large bubble paths in a single bubble column
Authors: Mosdorf Romuald , Wyszkowski Tomasz , Dąbrowski Kamil 
Published: April 2011

Multifractal properties of large bubble paths in a single bubble columnIn the paper the paths of bubbles emitted from the brass nozzle with inner diameter equal to 1.6 mm have been analyzed. The mean frequency of bubble departure was in the range from 2 to 65.1 Hz. Bubble paths have been recorded using a high speed camera. The image analysis technique has been used to obtain the bubble paths for different mean frequencies of bubble departures. The multifractal analysis (WTMM - wavelet transform modulus maxima methodology) has been used to investigate the properties of bubble paths. It has been shown that bubble paths are the multifractals and the influence of previously departing bubbles on bubble trajectory is significant for bubble departure frequencyfb> 30 Hz.
On the Reynolds transport theorem for three phase systems with storage in interfaces
Authors: Skiepko Teodor 
Published: April 2011

On the Reynolds transport theorem for three phase systems with storage in interfacesIn the paper, the Reynolds transport theorem (RTT) for three phase systems is developed, in terms associated with a moving control volume. The basic tools applied to the derivation are the generalized transport theorem by Truesdell and Toupin, and generalized surface transport theorem by Aris as well as Slattery. The final results referenced to a generic extensive quantity demonstrate the theorem in the integral instantaneous form. As a further illustration of applicability of the theorem relation developed some specific forms are deduced from such as for multiphase systems in terms of fixed control volume, surface systems and homogeneous spatial systems.
Analysis of cyclic combustion of the coal-water suspension
Authors: Kijo-Kleczkowska Agnieszka 
Published: April 2011

Analysis of cyclic combustion of the coal-water suspension
Combustion technology of the coal-water suspension creates a number of new possibilities to organize the combustion process fulfilling contemporary requirements, e.g. in the environment protection. Therefore the in-depth analysis is necessary to examine the technical application of coal as a fuel in the form of suspension. The research undertakes the complex investigations of the continuous coal-water suspension as well as cyclic combustion. The cyclic nature of fuel combustion results from the movement of the loose material in the flow contour of the circulating fluidized bed (CFB): combustion chamber, cyclone and downcomer. The experimental results proved that the cyclic change of oxygen concentration around fuel, led to the vital change of both combustion mechanisms and combustion kinetics. The mathematical model of the process of fuel combustion has been presented. Its original concept is based on the allowance for cyclic changes of concentrations of oxygen around the fuel. It enables the prognosis for change of the surface and the centre temperatures as well as mass loss of the fuel during combustion in air, in the fluidized bed and during the cyclic combustion.
The effects of tool rotation speed and traverse speed on friction stir welding of AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel
Authors: Meran Cemal , Ersel Canyurt Olcay 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
In this study, AISI 304 (X5CrNi18-10, material identification number 1.4301) austenitic stainless steels, 3.0 mm thick, were joined by friction stir welding by applying different tool rotation speeds and traverse speeds, compressive forces and tool angles. The strength of the welded joints was improved by selecting suitable welding parameters. The maximum notch impact toughness was achieved on samples produced with 950 rpm rotation speed, 60 mm min−1 traverse speed, 9 kN compressive force, and 1.5° tool tilt angle. The maximum tensile strength of the weld zone was obtained on samples welded with 47.5 mm min−1 traverse speed, a rotational speed of 750 rpm, compressive force of 9 kN and tool tilt angle of 1.5°. The traverse speed of 47.5 mm min−1 was found to optimize the results of tensile strength and impact tests. Fine-grained microstructures occurred in the welded area. The weld joints obtained with friction stir welding have lower tensile strength compared to that of the base material. The experimental results indicate that AISI 304 austenitic stainless steels can be successfully joined considering both the strength of the welded joint and the appearance of the welding bead by selecting proper tool material and welding parameters using friction stir welding.
Finnis–Sinclair potentials for fcc Au–Pd and Ag–Pt alloys
Authors: Yan Xue-song , Lin Ping , Qi Xin , Yang Lei 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
The thermal and mechanical properties of Au, Pd, Ag, Pt pure metals and their alloys Au–Pd and Ag–Pt are studied using molecular dynamics simulations. The Finnis–Sinclair potential is used to describe the atomic interactions. Lattice constants and elastic constants of Au3Pd, AuPd, AuPd3, Ag3Pt, AgPt and AgPt3 at different temperatures are predicted for the first time. The melting temperatures of these alloys are also calculated. Furthermore, the values of lattice constants, elastic constants and melting temperatures of pure metals Au, Pd, Ag, and Pt are calculated for comparison. By comparing the simulation results of pure metals and alloys, it is found that for Au3Pd, AuPd, AuPd3 and Ag3Pt, lattice constants, elastic constants and melting temperatures lie between those of their components. For AgPt and AgPt3, the values of shear modulus C44 and melting temperatures are higher than those for both Ag and Pt pure metals.
Hollow pyramidal lattice truss structures
Authors: Queheillalt Douglas T. , Wadley Haydn N. G. 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
Pyramidal lattice core sandwich structures with millimeter scale hollow trusses have been assembled from 304 stainless steel tubes and bilayer face sheets, and bonded using a vacuum brazing approach. Rigid, large interfacial area nodes between the trusses and face sheets could be made by this approach. The through-thickness compression and transverse shear stiffness and strengths of these structures have been measured and compared with analytical predictions based upon plastic yielding and the various modes of lattice strut buckling. The compressive and shear strengths of hollow pyramidal lattices with relative densities of 1 to 6 % were 3 to 5 times those of solid pyramidal lattices of equivalent relative density and were accompanied by significant strength retention of the post buckled structures resulting in very high specific energy absorption.
Synthesis of single-phase polycrystalline Ca2Si powder and sintered compacts
Authors: Wen Cuilian , Nonomura Tomomi , Warashina Yoshifumi , Kubota Yoshihiro , Nakamura Tamotsu , Hayakawa Yasuhiro , Tanaka Miyoko , Isobe Kenji , Tatsuoka Hirokazu 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
Orthorhombic polycrystalline Ca2Si sintered compact bulk crystals were synthesized via a two-step treatment, and the experimental evaluation of the electrical and thermoelectric properties of Ca2Si is reported for the first time. First, single-phase Ca2Si powders were synthesized by the heat treatment of Mg2Si powders under a Ca vapor. Then Ca2Si sintered compacts were synthesized by the spark plasma sintering technique using the Ca2Si powders. It was found that single-phase Ca2Si sintered compacts were obtained when the sintering was carried out at temperatures lower than 673 K with high pressure of 300 MPa. The structural, electrical and thermoelectric properties of the Ca-silicide sintered compacts and their dependence on process conditions are discussed.
Phase-field simulation of diffusion couples in the Ni–Al system
Authors: Zhang Lijun , Steinbach Ingo , Du Yong 
Published: April 2011

AbstractBy linking thermodynamic and atomic mobility databases with two-dimensional phase-field simulation, the evolution of interdiffusion microstructures in a series of Ni–Al diffusion couples associated with the γ, γ′, and β-phases was studied. The formation and subsequent growth of the γ′-phase layer in β/γ and γ′ + β/γ diffusion couples reproduced the experimental observations well. Moreover, the effect of coherent strain on the γ – γ′ microstructural evolution, as well as that of an external compressive force on the γ + γ′/γ + γ′ diffusion couple, was investigated. The phase-field simulated concentration profiles of some of the Ni–Al diffusion couples were also compared with the corresponding experimental data and the results of one-dimensional DICTRA (DIffusion Controlled TRAnsformations) simulations. A discussion of the rafting direction was also made by comprehensively comparing the phase-field simulations with the predicted results from an elastic model.
Glass-forming ability and thermal stability of gas-atomized Zr50Cu40Al10 metallic glass powders
Authors: Yan Wei , Liu Yong , Zhu Yitian , Niu Sen 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
A Zr50Cu40Al10 (at.%) alloy was atomized by high pressure Ar gas, and the oxygen content, morphology, microstructure, phase composition, glass-forming ability and thermal stability of the as-atomized powders were investigated. Most of the powders are spherical in shape, but the surface morphologies are different for powders of different sizes. Powders with a size below 38 μm show an amorphous characteristic. The presence of oxygen in the metallic glass powders leads to heterogeneous nucleation of crystalline phases, and the smallest powders have the highest cooling rate, so even with oxygen contamination, it is possible to prevent the crystallization process. Oxygen decreases the thermal stability and the glass-forming ability of the metallic glass powders compared with the Zr50Cu40Al10 bulk metallic glass. The metallic glass powders also show a high thermal stability indicated by Trg, γ, and δ parameters.
On abnormal grain growth in nanocrystalline materials induced by small particles
Authors: Novikov Vladimir Y. 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
A duality in the behaviour of small particles, i. e. their ability to migrate along with some grain boundaries and, simultaneously, inability to move along with the others, has been shown to affect the character of the grain growth process. It is found by numerical simulations that a decrease in the particle mobility favours the evolution of abnormal grain growth and that the particle volume fraction, at low particle mobility, also affects its development. It has been supposed that these results explain the evolution of abnormal grain growth in compacted nanocrystalline materials where small voids could play the part of particles.
Mechanochemical synthesis of nanocrystalline lead selenide: industrial approach
Authors: Achimovičová Marcela , Baláž Peter , Ďurišin Juraj , Daneu Nina , Kováč Juraj , Šatka Alexander , Feldhoff Armin , Gock Eberhard 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
Mechanochemical synthesis of lead selenide PbSe nanoparticles was performed by high-energy milling of lead and selenium powder in a laboratory planetary ball mill and in an industrial eccentric vibratory mill. Structural properties of the synthesized lead selenide were characterized using X-ray diffraction that confirmed crystalline nature of PbSe nanoparticles. The average size of PbSe crystallites of 37 nm was calculated from X-ray diffraction data using the Williamson – Hall method. The methods of particle size distribution analysis, specific surface area measurement, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were used for characterization of surface, mean particle size, and morphology of PbSe. An application of industrial mill verified a possibility of the synthesis of a narrow bandgap semiconductor PbSe at ambient temperature and in a relatively short reaction time.
Structural, thermal, electrical and mechanical properties of nanosilica-composite polymer electrolytes
Authors: Johan Mohd Rafie , Jimson Sharon Anak , Ghazali Nadiah , Zahari Nurhannie Azrin Mohd , Redha Nurul Farzana 
Published: April 2011

AbstractWe synthesized a new kind of solid polymer electrolyte with polyethylene oxide (PEO) as a host, lithium triflate (LiCF3SO3) as a salt, mixtures of ethylene carbonate (EC) and dibuthyl phthalate (DBP) as a double plasticizer and nanosilica (SiO2) as a filler using the solution casting technique. Nanosilica was produced through mechanical milling with a size range of 60 – 80 nm as shown by transmission electron microscopy. X-ray diffraction patterns confirmed the complex formation of the PEO – LiCF3SO3– EC – DBP – SiO2system. The optimum conductivity value at room temperature was 5.1 · 10−3S cm−1for 4 wt.% of SiO2. Differential scanning calorimetry results show that the glass transition temperature of the composite polymer electrolyte was found to increase when SiO2was added. Addition of salt and plasticizers decreases the Young's modulus of the polymer electrolyte. However, the addition of 4 wt.% SiO2increases the Young's modulus value from 5.1 · 10− 2to 1.08 · 10− 1MPa.
Vitamin D is Linked to Carotid Intima-Media Thickness and Immune Reconstitution in HIV-Positive Individuals
Authors: Ross Allison C , Judd Suzanne , Kumari Meena , Hileman Corrilynn , Storer Norma , Labbato Danielle , Tangpricha Vin , McComsey Grace A 
Published: April 2011

Background Patients with HIV infection are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Vitamin D insufficiency has been associated with increased CVD risk in non-HIV populations. This study sought to determine the relationship between vitamin D status and markers of CVD and HIV-related factors in HIV-positive patients. Methods Patients with HIV infection on antiretroviral therapy and healthy controls were prospectively enrolled. Fasting lipids, glucose, insulin, inflammatory markers (soluble tumour necrosis factor-α receptor I, interleukin-6 and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein) and endothelial markers (soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1) were measured. Fasting 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) was measured from stored serum samples. The internal carotid artery and common carotid artery (CCA) intima-media thickness (IMT) were measured in a subset of HIV-positive patients. Baseline cross-sectional data were analysed. Results A total of 149 HIV-positive patients (56 with carotid IMT) and 34 controls were included. Controls had higher adjusted mean 25(OH)D levels than HIV-positive patients ( P=0.02). In multivariable linear regression among the HIV-positive patients, 25(OH)D was positively associated with CD4+ T-cell restoration after antiretroviral therapy (ΔCD4 = current - nadir CD4+ T-cell; P<0.01), but was not associated with inflammatory or endothelial markers. In multivariable logistic regression, odds of having CCA IMT above the median were more than 10x higher in those with lower 25(OH)D levels (OR=10.62, 95% CI 1.37-82.34; P<0.01). Conclusions Vitamin D status in HIV-positive patients was positively associated with improved immune restoration after antiretroviral therapy and negatively associated with CCA IMT. These findings suggest that vitamin D may play a role in HIV-related CVD and in immune reconstitution after antiretroviral therapy.
CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cells Are Dispensable for Controlling CD8+ T Cell-Mediated Lung Inflammation
Authors: Tosiek Milena J. , Gruber Achim D. , Bader Sophie R. , Mauel Susanne , Hoymann Heinz-Gerd , Prettin Silvia , Tschernig Thomas , Buer Jan , Gereke Marcus , Bruder Dunja 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
Every person harbors a population of potentially self-reactive lymphocytes controlled by tightly balanced tolerance mechanisms. Failures in this balance evoke immune activation and autoimmunity. In this study, we investigated the contribution of self-reactive CD8+ T lymphocytes to chronic pulmonary inflammation and a possible role for naturally occurring CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (nTregs) in counterbalancing this process. Using a transgenic murine model for autoimmune-mediated lung disease, we demonstrated that despite pulmonary inflammation, lung-specific CD8+ T cells can reside quiescently in close proximity to self-antigen. Whereas self-reactive CD8+ T cells in the inflamed lung and lung-draining lymph nodes downregulated the expression of effector molecules, those located in the spleen appeared to be partly Ag-experienced and displayed a memory-like phenotype. Because ex vivo-reisolated self-reactive CD8+ T cells were very well capable of responding to the Ag in vitro, we investigated a possible contribution of nTregs to the immune control over autoaggressive CD8+ T cells in the lung. Notably, CD8+ T cell tolerance established in the lung depends only partially on the function of nTregs, because self-reactive CD8+ T cells underwent only biased activation and did not acquire effector function after nTreg depletion. However, although transient ablation of nTregs did not expand the population of self-reactive CD8+ T cells or exacerbate the disease, it provoked rapid accumulation of activated CD103+CD62Llo Tregs in bronchial lymph nodes, a finding suggesting an adaptive phenotypic switch in the nTreg population that acts in concert with other yet-undefined mechanisms to prevent the detrimental activation of self-reactive CD8+ T cells.