bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Managing Transfusion Service Quality
Authors: Blaylock Robert C. , Lehman Christopher M. 
Published: October 2011

Context.—Providing blood products for transfusions is a complex process subject to errors both within and outside the transfusion service. Transfusion-related errors can have grave consequences for the patient undergoing transfusion. As with many processes performed within health care systems, there is an expectation of error-free practice. Although this is an unobtainable goal, a focused quality-management plan, employing a medical event reporting system in a just working environment, can effect measurable system-quality improvement.Objective.—To illustrate the intrinsic value of quality-improvement activities through discussion of examples of quality misadventures from our transfusion service during the past 20 years.Data Sources.—Examples of quality-improvement activities were extracted from our quality-system archives. The published literature on transfusion quality was reviewed.Conclusions.—Active reporting, structured investigation, and systematic resolution of transfusion-related errors are effective methods for improving and maintaining transfusion quality.
Evidence-Based Principles in Pathology: Existing Problem Areas and the Development of “Quality” Practice Patterns
Authors: Wick Mark R. , Marchevsky Alberto M. 
Published: October 2011

Context.—Contrary to the intuitive impressions of many pathologists, several areas exist in laboratory medicine where evidence-based medicine (EBM) principles are not applied. These include aspects of both anatomic and clinical pathology. Some non-EBM practices are perpetuated by clinical “consumers” of laboratory services because of inadequate education, habit, or overreliance on empirical factors. Other faulty procedures are driven by pathologists themselves.Objectives.—To consider (1) several selected problem areas representing non-EBM practices in laboratory medicine; such examples include ideas and techniques that concern metastatic malignancies, “targeted” oncologic therapy, general laboratory testing and data utilization, evaluation of selected coagulation defects, administration of blood products, and analysis of hepatic iron-overload syndromes; and (2) EBM principles as methods for remediation of deficiencies in hospital pathology, and implements for the construction of “quality” practices in our specialty.Data Sources.—Current English literature relating to evidence-based principles in pathology and laboratory medicine, as well as the authors' experience.Conclusions.—Evidence-based medicine holds the promise of optimizing laboratory services to produce “quality” practices in pathology. It will also be a key to restraining the overall cost of health care.
Quality in Surgical Pathology Communication and Reporting
Authors: Nakhleh Raouf E. 
Published: October 2011

Context.—Communication in surgical pathology is complex and includes multiple facets.Objective.—To discuss different aspects of pathology practice that represent quality communication in surgical pathology.Data Sources.—Literature review.Conclusions.—Achieving quality communication in surgical pathology is dependent on pathologists addressing multiple situations including managing physicians' expectations for turnaround time and ancillary testing, understanding what information is needed to manage the patient at intraoperative consultation and in the final report, assuring adequate report content with the use of synoptic checklist reports, and using report formatting suggestions that aid report comprehension. Finally, the pathologists' availability to answer questions and discuss cases is an important factor in effective communication, including their willingness to verbally report urgent and significant unexpected diagnoses to ensure that important diagnoses are not overlooked.
Generative Lattice Units with 3D Diffusion for Inverse Design: GLU3D
Authors: Jadhav Yayati , Berthel Joeseph , Hu Chunshan , Panat Rahul , Beuth Jack , Barati Farimani Amir 
Published: June 2024

AbstractArchitected materials, exhibiting unique mechanical properties derived from their designs, have seen significant growth due to the design versatility and cost‐effectiveness offered by additive manufacturing. While finite element methods accurately evaluate the mechanical response of these structures, identifying new designs exhibiting specific mechanical properties remains challenging, often requiring computationally expensive simulations and design expertise. This underscores the need for a framework that generates structures based on desired mechanical properties without requiring expert input. In this work, a novel denoising diffusion‐based model is presented that generates complex lattice unit cell structures based on desired mechanical properties, manufacturable via additive techniques. The proposed framework generates unique lattice unit cell structures in the implicit domain which can be easily converted to mesh structures for fabrication and voxel structures for structural analysis. The proposed model accelerates the design process by generating unique structures with both isotropic and anisotropic stiffness, outperforming traditional unit cells like simple cubic and body‐centered‐cubic in energy absorption and compression load at lower densities. Additionally, this work explores a new class of hybrid structures, derived by combining multiple configurations of triply periodic minimal surface structures using non‐linear transition functions, which may offer equivalent or enhanced strength compared to conventional designs.
Spatially Separated Electron Donor‐Acceptor Dual Single‐Atom Sites Coordinating Selective Generation of Hydroxyl Radicals via Fenton‐Like Catalysis
Authors: Fu Haoyang , Chen Guoliang , Zhang Jianghong , Chen Yujing , Chen Xi , Li Yu , Sun Yongyang , Min Benzhi , Wang Shaobin , Wu Xi‐Lin , Duan Xiaoguang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHeterogeneous Fenton catalysis offers a promising alternative to traditional Fenton oxidation for water treatment as its wider operating pH range and high cyclic performance. However, designing catalysts that can activate H2O2 both actively and selectively to mineralize refractory pollutants remains challenging. Here, a state‐of‐the‐art design principle of constructing spatially separated Fe‐M (M denotes an oxophilic first‐row transition metal) dual single‐atom sites is developed for Fenton‐like catalysis. This strategy enables accelerated redox cycles between the dual metal centers, leading to precise manipulation of Fe···O‐O···M intermediate in H2O2 activation. This, in turn, aids the homolytic decomposition of H2O2 toward selective and efficient •OH generation. Taking Fe‐Cu pairs as an example, the constructed dual sites outperform the individual Fe or Cu sites, demonstrating a higher activation selectivity (94%) for •OH production. Further benefitting from the electronic communications between Fe (electron acceptor) and Cu (electron donor), the SA‐Fe‐Cu‐CN catalyst exhibited an effective H2O2 decomposition with 0.94 mm of •OH yielded within 50 min. Compared to the typical homogeneous system, the SA‐Fe‐Cu‐CN/H2O2 system has higher mineralization capacities toward refractory pollutants and greater pH tolerance. The work provides a new strategy for the design of robust catalysts by creating spatially separated dual single‐atom sites toward multi‐reactant systems.
Multifunctional Dopamine‐Based Hydrogel Microneedle Electrode for Continuous Ketone Sensing
Authors: Ausri Irfani Rahmi , Sadeghzadeh Sadegh , Biswas Subhamoy , Zheng Hanjia , GhavamiNejad Peyman , Huynh Michelle Dieu Thao , Keyvani Fatemeh , Shirzadi Erfan , Rahman Fasih A , Quadrilatero Joe , GhavamiNejad Amin , Poudineh Mahla 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDiabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), a severe complication of type 1 diabetes (T1D), is triggered by production of large quantities of ketone bodies, requiring patients with T1D to constantly monitor their ketone levels. Here, a skin‐compatible hydrogel microneedle (HMN)‐continuous ketone monitoring (HMN‐CKM) device is reported. The sensing mechanism relies on the catechol–quinone chemistry inherent to the dopamine (DA) molecules that are covalently linked to the polymer structure of the HMN patch. The DA serves the dual‐purpose of acting as a redox mediator for measuring the byproduct of oxidation of 3‐beta‐hydroxybutyrate (β‐HB), the primary ketone bodies; while, also facilitating the formation of a crosslinked HMN patch. A universal approach involving pre‐oxidation and detection of the generated catechol compounds is introduced to correlate the sensor response to the β‐HB concentrations. It is further shown that real‐time tracking of a decrease in ketone levels of T1D rat model is possible using the HMN‐CKM device, in conjunction with a data‐driven machine learning model that considers potential time delays.
Aerogel‐Involved Triple‐State Gels Resemble Natural Living Leaves in Structure and Multi‐Functions
Authors: Zhou Ming , Sheng Zhizhi , Ji Guangbin , Zhang Xuetong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNatural plant leaves with multiple functions, for example, spectral features, transpiration, photosynthesis, etc., have played a significant role in the ecosystem, and artificial synthesis of plant leaves with multiple functions of natural ones is still a great challenge. Herein, this work presents an aerogel‐involved living leaf (AL), most similar to natural ones so far, by embedding super‐hydrophobic SiO2 aerogel microparticles in polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel in the presence of hygroscopic salt and chlorophyllin copper sodium to form solid‐liquid‐vapor triple‐state gel. The AL shows a high spectral similarity with all sampled 15 species of natural leaves and exhibits ≈4–7 times transpiration speed higher than natural leaves. More importantly, AL can achieve several times higher photosynthesis than natural leaves without the energy provided by the respiratory action of natural ones. This work demonstrates the feasibility of creating ALs with natural leaf‐like triple‐state gel structures and multiple functions, opening up new avenues for energy conversion, environmental engineering, and biomimetic applications.
Rapid One‐Step Synthesis of Robust Double Perovskite La2MgGeO6‐Based Materials for Light Conversion
Authors: Zhang Jiaping , Li Yukun , Lin Hengwei , Poelman Dirk , Du Jiaren 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPersistent luminescence (PersL) materials attract extensive interest in the scientific community nowadays due to their great potential in various fields, such as night‐vision signage, high‐level anticounterfeiting, in vivo bioimaging, and X‐ray extension imaging. However, the majority of PersL materials are synthesized by time‐ and energy‐consuming processes such as high‐temperature solid‐state reactions or hydrothermal synthesis. In this work, a rapid one‐step microwave‐assisted solid state (MASS) synthesis of La2MgGeO6‐based robust double perovskite PersL material is successfully achieved, without any secondary thermal treatment, which limits the total synthesis time to 30 min. Furthermore, this MASS approach is also employed to integrate multimodal luminescence into one single La2MgGeO6 matrix with triple dopants (Mn4+, Yb3+, and Er3+) for light conversion. Impressively, multimodal and multicolor luminescence is obtained with different responsiveness of external stimulations. Notably, the energy transfer among different trapping levels is observed upon photo‐stimulation. This work provides a good example of the feasibility of MASS method to prepare luminescent materials with abundant optical features in an efficient, sustainable, environmentally friendly, and easily manageable way.
Transfer of Micro‐LEDs with Roll‐Based Direct Overlay Alignment for Manufacturing Transparent Displays
Authors: Yoon Sung‐Uk , Hwangbo Yun , Jang Bongkyun , Kim Hyeon‐Don , Kim Jae‐Hyun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTransparent displays are crucial for various applications, particularly for their potential use as windows in future self‐driving cars. These displays require high transparency, low power consumption, and high mechanical reliability. Micro‐LEDs have emerged as ideal devices for the transparent displays. Efficient mass‐production processes are essential for the commercialization of transparent micro‐LED displays. This study presents roll‐based mass transfer to enhance the productivity of transparent micro‐LED displays. Roll transfer processes traditionally face resolution challenges in alignment repeatability and positional errors in both the transverse direction (TD) and machine direction (MD). This study proposes a roll‐to‐plate (R2P) transfer process with overlay alignment to improve the repeatability precision of the alignment. Detailed experimental analyses address positional errors in the TD and MD, attributed to initial contact errors and linear velocity asynchrony, respectively. The results demonstrate successful micro‐LED transfer onto a transparent circuit board (TCB) with a maximum positional error of 3.2 µm and a 99.75% yield. The resulting micro‐LED display achieves a transparency of 72.5% with 68 pixels per inch. This study overcomes the alignment challenges in the R2P process and contributes to the commercialization of transparent micro‐LED displays. It is expected to positively impact the manufacturing of transparent applications that involve rolling processes.
A Hybrid Biofuel Cell with High Power and Operational Stability Using Electron Transfer‐Intensified Mediators and Multi‐Interaction Assembly
Authors: Jang Younjun , Seo Tae‐Won , Pak Junha , Park Moon Kyu , Ahn Jeongyeon , Jin Gee Chan , Lee Seung Woo , Chung Yoon Jang , Choi Young‐Bong , Kwon Cheong Hoon , Cho Jinhan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBiofuel cells (BFCs) offer an eco‐friendly route to convert biochemical energy into electricity. However, their performance is hindered by insufficient enzyme immobilization as well as limited electron transfer within the enzymatic electrode. While the incorporation of redox mediators (RMs) into enzyme layers has been shown to improve BFC performance through enhanced electron transfer, progress has plateaued in the last decade. Herein, a major breakthrough is presented realized by a novel strategy that exploits electron transfer‐intensified RM layers. Metal nanoparticles covalently bridged between neighboring RMs facilitate electron transfer ubiquitously. Electron transfer characteristics are enhanced not only within the RM layers themselves, but also at the glucose oxidase (GOx)/host electrode and GOx/GOx interfaces. This leads to a remarkable performance boost in the enzymatic anode. A hybrid BFC constructed with innovative anode and Pt‐based cathode exhibits a striking combination of high power output (2.3 and 8.5 mW cm−2 at 10 and 300 mmol L−1 glucose, respectively) and exceptional operational stability (≈80% and 47% power retention after 10 days and 1 month, respectively), outperforming all previously reported BFCs by a significant margin.
CFD modeling and numerical simulation of an industrial adsorption process
Authors: Esposito Flora , Cardenas Cristian , Latifi Abderrazak M. , Marsteau Stéphanie 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates the model performance of an industrial box used to remove ammonia from the air using a doped activated carbon. To this end, process models are developed and experimental measurements are carried out. The models are based on momentum and mass balance equations along with thermodynamic, hydrodynamic and adsorption kinetic relations. The measurements consist of pressure drops in the air purification box and breakthrough curves of ammonia on activated carbon. The models are implemented and solved using COMSOL Multiphysics®. Adsorption is investigated by means of a Fickian multi‐scale model, which demonstrated to efficiently predict the experimental data. The optimal values of the most estimable unknown parameters involved in each model, as well as their confidence intervals are determined from experimental measurements. The performance of the industrial air purification model is rigorously assessed using statistical criteria, including mean‐square error (RMSE = 0.0013) and Pearson correlation coefficient (r = 0.999).
Ion Current Rectification Activity Induced by Boron Hydride Nanosheets to Enhance Magnesium Analgesia
Authors: Liu Yanyan , Qi Qi , Jiang Yaqin , Zhao Peiran , Chen Lijie , Ma Xiaqing , Shi Yuhan , Xu Jianxun , Li Jinjin , Chen Feixiang , Chen Jian , Zhang Le , Wu Yelin , Jiang Xingwu , Jin Dayong , Xu Tao , Bu Wenbo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe limited analgesic efficiency of magnesium restricts its application in pain management. Here, we report boron hydride (BH) with ion currents rectification activity that can enhance the analgesic efficiency of magnesium without the risks of drug tolerance or addiction. We synthesize MgB2, comprising hexagonal boron sheets alternating with Mg2+. In pathological environment, Mg2+ is exchanged by H+, forming two‐dimensional borophene‐analogue BH sheets. BH interacts with the charged cations via cation‐pi interaction, leading to dynamic modulation of sodium and potassium ion currents around neurons. Additionally, released Mg2+ competes Ca2+ to inhibit its influx and neuronal excitation. In vitro cultured dorsal root neurons show a remarkable increase in threshold potential from the normal −35.9 mV to −5.9 mV after the addition of MgB2, indicating potent analgesic effect. In three typical pain models, including CFA‐induced inflammatory pain, CINP‐ or CCI‐induced neuropathic pain, MgB2 exhibits analgesic efficiency approximately 2.23, 3.20, and 2.0 times higher than clinical MgSO4, respectively, and even about 1.04, 1.66, and 1.95 times higher than morphine, respectively. The development of magnesium based intermetallic compounds holds promise in addressing the non‐opioid medical need for pain relief.
Continuous Transformation from Membrane‐Less Coacervates to Membranized Coacervates and Giant Vesicles: Toward Multicompartmental Protocells with Complex (Membrane) Architectures
Authors: Zhou Yang , Zhang Kehu , Moreno Silvia , Temme Achim , Voit Brigitte , Appelhans Dietmar 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe membranization of membrane‐less coacervates paves the way for the exploitation of complex protocells with regard to structural and cell‐like functional behaviors. However, the controlled transformation from membranized coacervates to vesicles remains a challenge. This can provide stable (multi)phase and (multi)compartmental architectures through the reconfiguration of coacervate droplets in the presence of (bioactive) polymers, bio(macro)molecules and/or nanoobjects. Herein, we present a continuous protocell transformation from membrane‐less coacervates to membranized coacervates and, ultimately, to giant hybrid vesicles. This transformation process is orchestrated by altering the balance of non‐covalent interactions through varying concentrations of an anionic terpolymer, leading to dynamic processes such as spontaneous membranization of terpolymer nanoparticles at the coacervate surface, disassembly of the coacervate phase mediated by the excess anionic charge, and the redistribution of coacervate components in membrane. The diverse protocells during the transformation course provide distinct structural features and molecular permeability. Notably, the introduction of multiphase coacervates in this continuous transformation process signifies advancements toward the creation of synthetic cells with different diffusible compartments. Our findings emphasize the highly controlled continuous structural reorganization of coacervate protocells and represents a novel step toward the development of advanced and sophisticated synthetic protocells with more precise compositions and complex (membrane) structures.
Distributed optimization algorithm for multi‐agent networks with lazy gradient information
Authors: Mo Lipo , Yang Yang , Huang Xiankai 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBased on the so‐called lazy gradient information, this note proposes two communication‐reduced distributed optimization algorithms over undirected multi‐agent networks. The lazy gradients refer to some gradients that do not change much in the past iterations and thus may not be distributed among agents which correspondingly reduces the communication load in the networks. For both the deterministic and the stochastic frameworks, the asymptotic properties of the distributed optimization algorithms are established. Compared with the existing literature using the lazy gradient information, the proposed algorithms in the paper are fully distributed and more suitable for the situation of decentralized multi‐agent networks. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithms is also testified through numerical simulations.
Facilitating active learning of sectional anatomy with technology‐enhanced small‐group tasks: Assessment of knowledge gains, technology usability, and students' perceptions
Authors: Fonseca Guilherme R. B. C. , Tipoe George L. , Ganotice Fraide A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLearning 2D sectional anatomy facilitates the comprehension of 3D anatomical structures, anatomical relationships, and radiological anatomy. However, the efficacy of technology‐enhanced collaborative instructional activities in sectional anatomy remains unclear, especially if theoretical frameworks, namely the Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning (CTML), are applied in instructional design. Thus, this study compared the educational impact of distinct 45‐min‐long technology‐enhanced collaborative learning tasks in sectional anatomy. A sample of 115 first‐year medical students was randomly divided into three experimental groups that used different supporting technologies to learn the sectional anatomy of the chest: IMAIOS e‐learning platform and Microsoft Surface Hub (n = 37); anatomage table (n = 38); anatomage table with CTML‐based presets (n = 40). Prelearning and postlearning tests revealed that significant knowledge gains in sectional anatomy were obtained by all groups even though no inter‐group differences were found. Moreover, a five‐point Likert scale questionnaire showed that the learning session was highly valued by all participants and that users of the anatomage with CTML‐based presets reported higher enjoyment than users of the IMAIOS system (mean difference = 0.400; p = 0.037). In addition, students using the IMAIOS system and the anatomage with CTML‐based presets provided System Usability Scale (SUS) scores of 67.64 and 67.69, respectively, reaching the benchmark of usability. By contrast, students using the anatomage table without presets awarded a SUS score of 64.14. These results suggest that the integration of multimedia technologies in anatomy teaching and learning should be grounded on CTML principles of instructional design. Otherwise, students' perceptions of ed‐tech usability are potentially hindered.