bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Site Specific X‐Ray Anomalous Dispersion of the Geometrically Frustrated Kagome Magnet, Herbertsmithite, ZnCu3(OH)6Cl2.
Authors: Freedman Danna E. , Han Tianheng H. , Prodi Andrea , Mueller Peter , Huang Qing‐Zhen , Chen Yu‐Sheng , Webb Samuel M. , Lee Young S. , McQueen Tyrel M. , Nocera Daniel G. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA single crystal of (Zn0.85Cu0.15)Cu3 (OH)6Cl2 is obtained from a mixture of CuO, ZnCl2, and H2O (185 °C, 2 d) followed by recrystallization of the microcrystalline product.
ChemInform Abstract: Local and Permeating Disorder of Copper(I) Cations in Cu3BiS2Br2 and Cu4Bi3S5Br3‐xClx (x = 1.19)
Authors: Heerwig Andreas , Nitsche Fabian , Ruck Michael 
Published: February 2011

AbstractCu3BiS2Br2 (I) and Cu4Bi3S5Br1.81Cl1.19 (II) are synthesized from stoichiometric mixtures of Cu, Bi2S3, S, CuCl, NaCl, and CuBr (silica ampules, 570 °C, 14 d) and characterized by powder and single crystal XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: Beryllosilicate Frameworks and Zeolites.
Authors: Armstrong Jennifer A. , Weller Mark T. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe new compounds with zeolite topologies (IV) (new zeolite topology, orthorhombic, Pnma), (V) (new zeolite topology, pseudo‐tetragonal, P1/P42), the layered compound K6[Si7Be3]O18(OH)4 (monoclinic, Cc), and the potassium and sodium nabesites K8 [Be4Si16O40]·12H2O (orthorhombic, C2221), and Na5.28 [Be2.64Si17.36O40] ·12.5H2O (orthorhombic, P21212) are hydrothermally synthesized from aqueous solutions containing Be(OH)2, SiO2, Et4NOH, and an alkali metal hydroxide (autoclave, 130—240 °C, 48 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Characterization of a New Protonated Magnesium Borophosphate: (H3O)Mg(H2O)2 [BP2O8]·H2O.
Authors: Yang Yang , Wu Jian , Wang Yu , Zhu Jiang , Liu Ruibin , Meng Changgong 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe title compound is hydrothermally synthesized from a mixture of MgCl2, B2O3, H3PO4, pyridine, HCl, and H2O (autoclave, 170 °C, 3 d, 10% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Anticancer Properties of Rare Earth Substituted tungstophosphoric Polyoxometalate Containing 5‐Fluorouracil.
Authors: Liu Xia , Wang Shuaishuai , Feng Changgen 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe new compounds (III) containing Keggin‐type heteropolyanions and 5‐fluorouracil are characterized by powder XRD, IR, and 183W NMR spectroscopy.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Structure of Technetium Trichloride.
Authors: Poineau Frederic , Johnstone Erik V. , Weck Philippe F. , Kim Eunja , Forster Paul M. , Scott Brian L. , Sattelberger Alfred P. , Czerwinski Kenneth R. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractCompound (II), an intermediate in the formation of TcCl3 from (I), crystallizes in the triclinic space group P$\bar 1$ with Z = 1 (single crystal XRD).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel Carbazolyl‐Oxazolone Derivatives and Their Spectroscopic Properties.
Authors: Guendogdu Cevher , Topkaya Derya , Oeztuerk Guelsiye , Alp Serap , Erguen Yavuz 
Published: February 2011

AbstractCompounds (I) are prepared by an Erlenmeyer reaction and show promising photochemical properties.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral N‐Phosphino Sulfinamide Ligands in Rhodium(I)‐Catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2] Cycloaddition Reactions.
Authors: Brun Sandra , Parera Magda , Pla‐Quintana Anna , Roglans Anna , Leon Thierry , Achard Thierry , Sola Jordi , Verdaguer Xavier , Riera Antoni 
Published: February 2011

AbstractCationic Rh—chiral N‐phosphinosulfinamide complex is successfully applied in [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Application of Electrooxidative Method for the Cyclization of N‐Benzyl‐2‐(hydroxymethyl)‐ and N‐Benzyl‐2‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)piperidines.
Authors: Okimoto Mitsuhiro , Yoshida Takashi , Hoshi Masayuki , Ohashi Kousuke 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe electrochemical oxidation of title compounds (I) is conducted under mild conditions without the use of hazardous oxidants.
ChemInform Abstract: Mild Oxidation of Alcohols Using Soluble Polymer‐Supported Tempo in Combination with Oxone: Effect of a Basic Matrix of Tempo Derivatives.
Authors: Matsumoto Kazutsugu , Iwata Toshiaki , Suenaga Masahiro , Okudomi Masayuki , Nogawa Masaki , Nakano Mariko , Sugahara Ai , Bannai Yuta , Baba Kenji 
Published: February 2011

AbstractTwo types of PEG‐supported TEMPO derivatives are synthesized by means of esterification or click chemistry and applied in the oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols in combination with Oxone as the co‐oxidant.
ChemInform Abstract: Allylic C—H Acetoxylation with a 4,5‐Diazafluorenone‐Ligated Palladium Catalyst: A Ligand‐Based Strategy to Achieve Aerobic Catalytic Turnover.
Authors: Campbell Alison N. , White Paul B. , Guzei Ilia A. , Stahl Shannon S. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe method affords linear allylic acetoxylation products in high yields under oxygen atmosphere.
ChemInform Abstract: Different Reactivity of Hydroxylamine with Carbamoyl Azides and Carbamoyl Cyanides: Synthesis of Hydroxyureas and Carbamoyl Amidoximes.
Authors: Paz Jairo , Perez‐Balado Carlos , Iglesias Beatriz , Munoz Luis 
Published: February 2011

AbstractTreatment of carbamoyl azides with hyrdroxylamine allows a new and convenient access to hydroxyureas.
ChemInform Abstract: Thermally Induced Electrocyclic Reaction of Methylenecyclopropane Methylene Diketone Derivatives: A Facile Method for the Synthesis of Spiro[2.5]octa‐3,5‐dienes.
Authors: Tang Xiang‐Ying , Wei Yin , Shi Min 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe substrates undergo thermal rearrangement to give the target compounds in moderate to good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Vicinal‐Diamine‐Based Chiral Chain Dienes as Ligands for Rhodium(I)‐Catalyzed Highly Enantioselective Conjugated Additions.
Authors: Wang Yazhou , Hu Xichao , Du Haifeng 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe novel diene DAH effectively catalyzes the reaction of a variety of cyclic ketones and boronic acids in combination with KOH.
ChemInform Abstract: Conversion of 1,4‐Diketones into para‐Disubstituted Benzenes.
Authors: Ziffle Vincent E. , Cheng Ping , Clive Derrick L. J. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA practical and widely applicable method to prepare para‐disubstituted benzenes including sugar‐substituted ones and the macrocyclic analogue (XI) is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Recyclable Catalysts for Palladium‐Catalyzed C—O Coupling Reactions, Buchwald—Hartwig Aminations, and Sonogashira Reactions.
Authors: Dumrath Andreas , Wu Xiao‐Feng , Neumann Helfried , Spannenberg Anke , Jackstell Ralf , Beller Matthias 
Published: February 2011

AbstractNovel cationic imidazolium‐based phosphanes are developed as agents which are very stable towards water and air.
ChemInform Abstract: Binary 1,4‐Asymmetric Induction Toward Imines from a Single Allyltin Reagent with a Chiral Oxygen Functional Group.
Authors: Nishigaichi Yutaka , Fujimoto Takahiro , Takuwa Akio , Iwamoto Hidetoshi 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe stereochemical outcome of the reaction can be controlled by the Lewis acid.
ChemInform Abstract: Titanium‐Mediated Synthesis of 1,4‐Diketones from Grignard Reagents and Acyl Cyanohydrins.
Authors: Setzer Paul , Beauseigneur Alice , Pearson‐Long Morwenna S. M. , Bertus Philippe 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe cyanohydrin substrates react with titanacyclopropanes, obtained in situ from Grignard reagents and Ti(OiPr)4, to produce 1,4‐diketones.
ChemInform Abstract: Active‐Sodium‐Promoted Reductive Cleavage of Halogenated Benzoic Acids.
Authors: Azzena Ugo , Dettori Giovanna , Mocci Sarah , Pisano Luisa , Cerioni Ciovanni , Mocci Francesca 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe effect of the increasing reducing power of disodioethanes from (Ia) to (Id) is studied on F‐, Cl‐, Br‐, and I‐benzoic acids.
ChemInform Abstract: Solvent‐Dependent Enantiodivergent Mannich‐Type Reaction: Utilizing a Conformationally Flexible Guanidine/Bisthiourea Organocatalyst.
Authors: Sohtome Yoshihiro , Tanaka Shinji , Takada Keisuke , Yamaguchi Takahisa , Nagasawa Kazuo 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA simple methodology is presented for the reaction of aromatic N‐Boc imines with dialkyl malonate which allows access to both enantiomers of adduct (III) using a single chiral catalyst in different solvents.
ChemInform Abstract: A Mild and Efficient Palladium‐Catalyzed Cyanation of Aryl Mesylates in Water or tBuOH/Water.
Authors: Yeung Pui Yee , So Chau Ming , Lau Chak Po , Kwong Fuk Yee 
Published: February 2011

AbstractOptimized reaction conditions allow the cyanation of aryl mesylates and tosylates.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2‐Arylacrylates from Pyruvate by Tosylhydrazide‐Promoted Pd‐Catalyzed Coupling with Aryl Halides.
Authors: Barluenga Jose , Tomas‐Gamasa Maria , Aznar Fernando , Valdes Carlos 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe products can be prepared by in situ generation of the tosylhydrazone followed by aryl bromides or directly from tosylhydrazones.
ChemInform Abstract: Decarboxylative Homocoupling of (Hetero)aromatic Carboxylic Acids.
Authors: Cornella Josep , Lahlali Hicham , Larrosa Igor 
Published: February 2011

AbstractPd(II)‐catalyzed decarboxylative homocoupling of aromatic carboxylic acids is achieved in the presence of stoichiometric amounts of silver carbonate furnishing biaryls in good to excellent yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemoselective Hydrazine Addition to Diethyl 2‐(2,3‐Dioxo‐1,3‐diarylpropyl)malonates and a Tandem Deesterification.
Authors: Saravanan Sivaperuman , Purushothaman Santhanagopalan , Muthusubramanian Shanmugam 
Published: February 2011

AbstractOnly one of the two keto groups of the title compound (I) reacts with hydrazine.
ChemInform Abstract: Carbonates: Eco‐Friendly Solvents for Palladium‐Catalyzed Direct Arylation of Heteroaromatics.
Authors: Dong Jia Jia , Roger Julien , Verrier Cecile , Martin Thibaut , Le Goff Ronan , Hoarau Christophe , Doucet Henri 
Published: February 2011

AbstractDiethyl carbonate and propylene carbonate are good solvents for Pd‐catalyzed arylation of a variety of heterocyclic compounds, e.g. benzoxazole, oxazoles, thiazoles, furans, thiophenes, and pyrroles.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Synthesis of Spiropyrrolidine—Tetralones via an Unexpected Formal Ring‐Contraction of 4‐Disubstituted Piperidine to 3‐Disubstituted Pyrrolidine.
Authors: Bandarage Upul K. , Davies Robert J. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractWith a view to preparing the biologically interesting target compound (XI), mesylate (II) is treated with NaCN to obtain the corrresponding nitrile.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 4‐Aryl‐azetidinones via Intramolecular Alkylation of Nucleophilic Arenes Using Acyliminium Cations.
Authors: Zambron Bartosz , Masnyk Marek , Furman Bartlomiej , Kalicki Przemyslaw , Chmielewski Marek 
Published: February 2011

AbstractVinyloxy‐ or formyloxyazetidinones bearing N‐(arylthiomethyl) or N‐(aryloxymethyl) substituents (I) and (IX) undergo Lewis acid‐mediated intramolecular arylation of the azetidinone ring to give azetidine‐fused thiazine (II) or oxazine derivatives (X).
ChemInform Abstract: Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Cycloisomerization of 2‐Fluoroalk‐3‐yn‐1‐ones: Synthesis of 2,5‐Substituted 3‐Fluorofurans.
Authors: Li Yan , Wheeler Kraig A. , Dembinski Roman 
Published: February 2011

AbstractFluorination of substrates (I) with Selectfluor gives 2‐mono‐fluorobutynones (II) which undergo subsequent 5‐endo‐dig cyclization in the presence of a gold(I)‐catalyst and silver triflate providing 2,5‐diaryl‐substituted 3‐fluorofurans in high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of Chiral α‐Methylene‐γ‐lactams with Excellent Diastereoselectivities and Enantioselectivities.
Authors: Shen An , Liu Min , Jia Zhen‐Shan , Xu Ming‐Hua , Lin Guo‐Qiang 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe Zn‐promoted aza‐Barbier‐type allylation of sulfinyl imines with allyl bromides affords substituted α‐methylene γ‐lactams.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Step Continuous Flow Synthesis of Highly Substituted Pyrrole‐3‐carboxylic Acid Derivatives via in situ Hydrolysis of tert‐Butyl Esters.
Authors: Herath Ananda , Cosford Nicholas D. P. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe target compounds are synthesized from β‐keto esters, primary amines and phenacyl bromides.
ChemInform Abstract: Fast, Efficient, Mild and Metal‐Free Synthesis of Pyrroles by Domino Reactions in Water.
Authors: Rueping Magnus , Parra Alejandro 
Published: February 2011

AbstractReaction of both regioisomers (I) and (IV) of N‐substituted enaminones with β‐bromostyrenes offers novel approaches to trisubstituted pyrroles.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron(III)‐Catalyzed Consecutive Aza‐Cope—Mannich Cyclization: Synthesis of trans‐3,5‐Dialkyl Pyrrolidines and 3,5‐Dialkyl‐2,5‐dihydro‐1H‐pyrroles.
Authors: Carballo Ruben M. , Purino Martin , Ramirez Miguel A. , Martin Victor S. , Padron Juan I. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe cyclization of substrates (I) with aldehydes is promoted by Fe(III)‐salts to yield pyrrolidines (III) after reductive work‐up.
ChemInform Abstract: meso‐Alkylidene (m‐Benzi)pentaphyrin: A Modified Pentaphyrin Bearing Exocyclic Double Bonds at meso‐Positions.
Authors: Jeong Seung‐Doo , Nowak‐Krol Agnieszka , Kim Youngmee , Kim Sung‐Jin , Gryko Daniel T. , Lee Chang‐Hee 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe title pentaphyrin (IV), synthesized and characterized for the first time, displays concentration‐dependent chromogenic responses for fluoride anion in organic solvents.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of 5‐Substituted‐2‐phenyl‐3‐(o‐carboethoxyphenyl)iminomethyl Indoles and Their Derivatives.
Authors: Mruthyunjayaswamy B. H. M. , Shanthaveerappa B. K. , Basavarajaiah S. M. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe compounds (I) are synthesized via a condensation reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Intramolecular Aza‐Michael Additions of Indoles Catalyzed by Chiral Phosphoric Acids.
Authors: Cai Quan , Zheng Chao , You Shu‐Li 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe asymmetric N‐alkylation of indoles proceeds in the absence of electron‐withdrawing groups under acidic conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Rapid and Convenient Thermal or Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis of Substituted 2‐Phenylbenzothiazoles.
Authors: Weekes Ashley A. , Dix Matthew C. , Bagley Mark C. , Westwell Andrew D. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe microwave assisted procedure needs the same for derivatives (IIa)—(IIc) or smaller reaction times for derivatives (IId)—(IIg).
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of Deuterated 1,2,3‐Triazoles.
Authors: Gonda Zsombor , Loerincz Kristian , Novak Zoltan 
Published: February 2011

AbstractVarious triazole derivatives can be easily prepared by 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of aliphatic and aromatic azides with acetylene, generated in situ from CaC2 and water.
ChemInform Abstract: Convenient Route to Water‐Sensitive Sol—Gel Precursors Using Click Chemistry.
Authors: Moitra Nirmalya , Moreau Joel J. E. , Cattoen Xavier , Wong Chi Man Michel 
Published: February 2011

AbstractAn efficient method for the synthesis of triazoles (III), (V), and (VII) by copper‐catalyzed alkyne‐azide cycloaddition under microwave irradiation is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: New HA 14‐1 Analogues: Synthesis of 2‐Amino‐4‐cyano‐4H‐chromenes.
Authors: Moafi Leila , Ahadi Somayeh , Bazgir Ayoob 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA one‐pot three‐component reaction renders possible the synthesis of title compounds (IV) via iminochromene formation and subsequent cyanation.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclic Hydroxamic Acids Derived from α‐Amino Acids. Part 1. Regioselective Synthesis, Structure, NO‐Donor and Antimetastatic Activities of Spirobicyclic Hydroxamic Acids Derived from Glycine and DL‐Alanine.
Authors: Vystorop I. V. , Konovalova N. P. , Nelyubina Yu. V. , Varfolomeev V. N. , Fedorov B. S. , Sashenkova T. E. , Berseneva E. N. , Lyssenko K. A. , Kostyanovsky R. G. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractBoth spiro hydroxamic acids (III) are found to be NO donors in in vitro biological systems.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 1,2‐Annulated and 1,2‐Unsubstituted Pyrrolo[2,1,5‐de]quinolizin‐5‐ones (Cycl[3.3.2]azin‐5‐ones) via [3 + 2] Cycloadditions of 1‐Oxoquinolizinium Ylides with Cyclic Alkenes.
Authors: Liu Yun , Hu Hua‐You , Zhang Yan , Hu Hong‐Wen , Xu Jian‐Hua 
Published: February 2011

AbstractOne‐pot tandem reactions under conditions A) afford the title systems (III), (V) and (VII), respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2‐Pyridones and Iminoesters via Rh(III)‐Catalyzed Oxidative Coupling Between Acrylamides and Alkynes.
Authors: Su Yan , Zhao Miao , Han Keli , Song Guoyong , Li Xingwei 
Published: February 2011

AbstractIn most cases the reaction leads to 2‐pyridones as the oxidative coupling product.
ChemInform Abstract: New Pyridazinone Derivatives with Vasorelaxant and Platelet Antiaggregatory Activities.
Authors: Costas Tamara , Besada Pedro , Piras Alessandro , Acevedo Laura , Yanez Matilde , Orallo Francisco , Laguna Reyes , Teran Carmen 
Published: February 2011

AbstractNovel pyridazinones (III), (VI), (VIIb), (IXa), and (XIb) demonstrate moderate vasorelaxant activity and moderate to potent inhibition of collagen‐induced platelet aggregation.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel‐Catalyzed Hydrosilylation/Cyclization of Difluoro‐Substituted 1,6‐Enynes.
Authors: Takachi Manabu , Chatani Naoto 
Published: February 2011

AbstractOptimized conditions A) are developed for the title process where silane (II) is found to be the most efficient silylation agent.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Approach to 3,3‐Bissilyl Carbonyl and Enol Derivatives via Retro‐[1,4] Brook Rearrangement of 3‐Silyl Allyloxysilanes.
Authors: Song Zhenlei , Lei Zheng , Gao Lu , Wu Xia , Li Linjie 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe reaction provides a practical route to the title compounds.The synthetic utility of product (VIa) is demonstrated by a Sakurai reaction to give the anti‐diol (VIII).
ChemInform Abstract: A New Synthesis of Triphenylhosphorane Ylide Precursors to α‐Keto Amide/Ester and Tricarbonyl Units via Horner—Wadsworth—Emmons Reaction.
Authors: Lee Kieseung 
Published: February 2011

AbstractNewly developed Horner—Wadsworth—Emmons reagents (III) readily condense with various carbonyl compounds to afford the corresponding β,γ‐unsaturated α‐keto triphenylphosphoran ylides of type (V) or (VIII) which can easily be reduced to the corresponding β,γ‐saturated α‐keto triphenylphosphoran ylides of type (VI) or (IX).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Spectral Characterization of 2‐(Substituted) ‐1,3,2λ5‐oxazaphosphinan‐2‐ones/‐2‐thiones.
Authors: Venkateswarlu C. , Satyanarayana P. V. V. , Rao C. V. Nageswara , Raju C. Naga 
Published: February 2011

AbstractWith a view to using organophosphorus compounds as antimetabolites in cancer chemotherapy the title compounds (III) and (V) are prepared.
ChemInform Abstract: Three‐Component Condensation of Trifluoromethyl‐Substituted Cyanovinylphosphonates, Arylamines, and Ketones and Cytotoxic Activity of Products Thus Obtained.
Authors: Shidlovskii A. F. , Peregudov A. S. , Averkiev B. B. , Bulychev Yu. N. , Antipin M. Yu. , Chkanikov N. D. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA variety of phosphorylpyridine and related fused pyridine derivatives are synthesized via multicomponent reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Synthesis of 1,3,4‐Thiadiazole and 1,3,4‐Oxadiazole Based Peptidomimetics Employing Diacylhydrazines Derived from Amino Acids.
Authors: Nagendra G. , Lamani Ravi S. , Narendra N. , Sureshbabu Vommina V. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe products are obtained in good to excellent yields with high purity and without detectable racemization.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Monoterpenoid Glycoside from Myrica esculenta and the Inhibition of Angiotensin I‐Converting Enzyme.
Authors: Kim Young Ho , et al. et al. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe new monoterpenoid glycoside myresculoside (I) is isolated along with eleven known compounds from the methanol extract of Myrica esculenta leaves by repeated column chromatography.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Versatile Strategy for Synthesis of New Series of 4(3H)‐Quinazolinone N‐Nucleosides.
Authors: Siddiqui I. R. , Singh Pravin K. , Srivastava Vishal , Yadav Sanjay , Singh J. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractAn environmentally benign one‐step process is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Enantioselective Cu(I)—Tol‐BINAP‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Conjugate Addition of Grignard Reagents to α,β‐Unsaturated Esters
Authors: Wang Shun‐Yi , Loh Teck‐Peng 
Published: February 2011

AbstractReview: 29 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Pharmacologically Active Metabolites of Currently Marketed Drugs: Potential Resources for New Drug Discovery and Development
Authors: Kang Myug Joo , Song Woo Heon , Shim Byung Ho , Oh Seung Youn , Lee Hyun Young , Chung Eun Young , Sohn Yesung , Lee Jaehwi 
Published: February 2011

AbstractReview: 148 refs.
Flow regimes and vertical solids conveying in a spout‐fluid bed with a draft tube
Authors: Nagashima Hiroshi , Ishikura Toshifumi , Ide Mitsuharu 
Published: February 2011

AbstractPressure fluctuation data were obtained in a semi‐cylindrical spout‐fluid bed with draft tube, and statistical analyses of them were employed to recognise flow regimes. Also, the effects of spouting‐gas and auxiliary‐gas velocities, and length of entrainment zone on solids loading ratio in a draft tube were examined. As a result, five flow regimes appeared by changing spouting‐gas and auxiliary‐gas velocities and it was found that the simplest method to determine flow regime is to measure pressure fluctuations in a draft tube. Moreover, solids loading ratio could be controlled flexibly by auxiliary‐gas velocity and length of entrainment zone.
High White Blood Cell Count and Low Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate Are Independently Associated With Serum Level of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein‐1 in a General Population
Authors: Fukami Ako , Yamagishi Sho‐ichi , Adachi Hisashi , Matsui Takanori , Yoshikawa Kuniko , Ogata Kinuka , Kasahara Akiko , Tsukagawa Eri , Yokoi Kanako , Imaizumi Tsutomu 
Published: February 2011

AbstractBackgroundMonocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1) plays a role in cardiovascular disease (CVD) and renal injury. Recent clinical studies have suggested that circulating levels of MCP‐1 could be a biomarker of atherosclerosis and future cardiovascular events in humans. Because chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the risk factors of CVD, it is conceivable that elevated MCP‐1 levels may link the increased risk of CVD in CKD patients. However, as far as we know, in addition to well‐known traditional risk factors for atherosclerosis, whether renal dysfunction could be independently associated with the elevation of MCP‐1 levels in a general population remains unknown. Therefore, we examined here which anthropometric and metabolic variables, including renal function, could be independent correlates of circulating levels of MCP‐1 in a general population.HypothesisWe hypothesized that renal function was one of the independent correlates of serum MCP‐1 levels.MethodsA total of 860 Japanese residents (318 males and 542 females, mean age 65.4 ± 9.8 years) in a small fishing community underwent a complete history and physical examination with determination of blood chemistries, including serum levels of MCP‐1.ResultsMean MCP‐1 levels were 281.4 pg/mL. Multiple stepwise regression analyses revealed that male sex (P < 0.0001), age (P = 0.03), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (P < 0.0001, inversely), and white blood cell count (P = 0.037) were independently associated with MCP‐1 levels.ConclusionsThe present study demonstrated for the first time that other than white blood cell count, eGFR was an independent correlate of serum levels of MCP‐1 in a Japanese general population. Elevated MCP‐1 levels may partly explain the increased risk of CVD in CKD patients. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.The authors have no funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose.