bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advanced Nanostructured All‐Waterborne Thiol‐Ene/Reduced Graphene Oxide Humidity Sensors with Outstanding Selectivity
Authors: Trajcheva Ana , Elgoyhen Justine , Ehsani Maryam , Joseph Yvonne , Gilev Jadranka B. , Tomovska Radmila 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe current‐state of polymer‐based humidity sensors faces numerous limitations, including energy‐costly synthesis, low sensitivity, and slow response times. This study presents innovative approach to overcome these challenges, based on a robust all‐water‐borne in situ miniemulsion polymerization. The use of water throughout the entire process mitigates the negative environmental impact. Thiol‐ene polymers reinforced with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) with concentrations ranging from 0.2–1.0 wt% are selected to fabricate these chemoresistive sensors. The selected thiol‐enes present high hydrophobicity and a semicrystalline nature, suggesting resistance to early delamination even under prolonged exposure to humidity. Incorporating rGO not only imparts electrical conductivity but also enhances mechanical and water resistance of the composite films. The 0.6% rGO composite exhibits optimal resistance for humidity sensing, demonstrating rapid and consistent responses across three exposure cycles to water vapor concentrations ranging 800–5000 ppm. Moreover, the sensor exhibits remarkable selectivity toward water vapors over these of toluene, propanol, and 4‐methyl‐2‐pentanol, attributed to the high surface hydrophilicity and inherent porosity of the waterborne film, and network structuring of rGO platelets within the matrix. In summary, this study pioneers a novel approach to polymer‐based humidity sensing, addressing key limitations while offering enhanced sensitivity, rapid response times, and superior selectivity.
Recent Developments in Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals for Indirect X‐ray Detection
Authors: Balitskii Olexiy , Sytnyk Mykhailo , Heiss Wolfgang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMetal halide perovskites are revolutionizing X‐ray detection through a combination of low cost, solution processing, favorable optoelectronic properties, and high stopping power for high‐energy ionizing radiation. While perovskite single crystals and polycrystalline wafers are considered direct X‐ray converters, most medical X‐ray applications are based on scintillators that shift high‐energy radiation into the visible. Several materials are on the market, but demonstrations based on CsPbBr3 nanocrystals, possibly embedded in a matrix material or combined with organic molecules as luminescent species, highlight their competitiveness with established scintillators in terms of radioluminescence yield and transient behavior. Major hurdles that perovskite nanocrystal scintillators must overcome are environmental stability and toxicity. While there are still few examples of high‐performance lead‐free perovskite nanocrystal scintillators, microcrystalline perovskites are emerging with promising properties, reduced toxicity, and significant Stokes shifts to avoid reabsorption of emission in thick films. Thus, the near future of perovskite nanocrystal scintillator materials will primarily be the adoption of recipes for materials with proven properties in microcrystalline form. The nanocrystal colloidal solutions will facilitate the large‐scale printing of homogeneous and scattering‐free films to obtain high contrast and spatial resolution X‐ray images by scintillation.
Cross‐Correlation Between Crystallinity and Optoelectronic Properties of Mixed‐Perovskite Thin Films Through Multiple Time‐Resolved Spectroscopy
Authors: Park Junho , Kang Bong Joo , Seo Gabkyung , Kim Juwon , Park Tae Gwan , Nam Seongsik , Yoo Jason J. , Lee Kitae , Jeong Young Uk , Park Myeongkee , Shin Seong Sik , Rotermund Fabian 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA power conversion efficiency (PCE) exceeding 25% is achievable using perovskite solar cells (PSCs), with compositional engineering as the most effective strategy for high‐efficiency PSCs. However, the understanding of structural properties, charge‐carrier dynamics, and photoelectric properties, crucial for solar cell performance, still remains insufficient to establish a correlation with device performance for improving the PCE and stability of PSCs. This study uncovers the crucial links between structural disorder, charge‐carrier dynamics, and photoelectric properties of mixed‐perovskite (FAPbI3)1‐x(MAPbBr3)x thin films by investigating device performance for different mol%. Structural and morphological analyses reveal that the mixed perovskite‐thin‐film disorder exhibits composition dependence in the form of a checkmark trend, with a minimum near 0.8 mol%. Time‐resolved transient absorption spectroscopy demonstrates that charge‐carrier dynamics and optoelectronic properties exhibit a corresponding dependence on disorder. As the disorder of the perovskite thin film decreases, the trap density decreases, charge‐carrier loss decreases during the thermalization process, and the carrier lifetime is prolonged. Optical pump‐THz probe measurements show 20% effective mobility and a diffusion length of 34%. The device performance shows composition dependence and superior PCE is achieved at 0.8 mol%. This study highlights the significance of charge‐carrier dynamics in optimizing mixed perovskite composition for enhanced PCE and stability of PSCs.
Training and supervision of disability support workers: Perspectives of NDIS participants using unregistered providers
Authors: West Raelene , Yates Sophie , Dickinson Helen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTraining and supervision of disability support workers (DSWs) has, in most developed countries, been the primary means of supporting quality of service, adequate worker skill and prevention of violence, abuse, neglect and exploitation of both service users and DSWs. However, in Australia, there is no requirement for DSWs to obtain a minimum level qualification. This paper examines service user perception and decision making in relation to training and supervision of their DSWs. We report findings from semi‐structured interviews with 30 National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) participants. These findings suggest that users of disability services do not universally prioritise formal DSW supervision and training. Many interviewees described that being able to train and supervise DSWs themselves achieved better support outcomes and reduced power differentials in receipt of services. We discuss the implications of these findings in the context of recent policy reviews and the need to refocus safeguarding schemes on providing people with disability with the tools they need to ensure the quality and safety of their services.
The Pseudo‐Natural Product Tafbromin Selectively Targets the TAF1 Bromodomain 2
Authors: Patil Sohan , Cremosnik Gregor , Dötsch Lara , Flegel Jana , Schulte Britta , Maier Kerstin C. , Žumer Kristina , Cramer Patrick , Janning Petra , Sievers Sonja , Ziegler Slava , Waldmann Herbert 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPhenotypic assays detect small‐molecule bioactivity at functionally relevant cellular sites, and inherently cover a variety of targets and mechanisms of action. They can uncover new small molecule‐target pairs and may give rise to novel biological insights. By means of an osteoblast differentiation assay which employs a Hedgehog (Hh) signaling agonist as stimulus and which monitors an endogenous marker for osteoblasts, we identified a pyrrolo[3,4‐g]quinoline (PQ) pseudo‐natural product (PNP) class of osteogenesis inhibitors. The most potent PQ, termed Tafbromin, impairs canonical Hh signaling and modulates osteoblast differentiation through binding to the bromodomain 2 of the TATA‐box binding protein‐associated factor 1 (TAF1). Tafbromin is the most selective TAF1 bromodomain 2 ligand and promises to be an invaluable tool for the study of biological processes mediated by TAF1(2) bromodomains.
High‐performance thermoplastic toughener for bismaleimide resin: Feature application of reactive polyarylether ketone bearing propenyl group
Authors: Wang ChuanHao , Huang XiaoHua , Wang HongHua , Zhou GuangYuan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe introduction of reactive groups into thermoplastic tougheners can overcome the phase separation problem between conventional thermoplastic resins and thermosetting resins, thereby improving the compatibility between the two phases and significantly enhancing the materials' toughness. In this study, a series of polyaryletherketone (RPEK‐C) copolymers with a molecular backbone containing reactive propenyl and controllable groups are prepared. Through blending different amounts and different reaction group contents of thermoplastic resins into the N,N'‐（4,4'‐methylenediphenyl) dimaleimide(BDM)/2,2′‐diallylbisphenol A (DABPA) system, all of them show a homogeneous phase instead of separation phase after curing, and the impact toughness is improved to different degrees. When RPEK‐C‐10 with 7.5 phr is added, the impact strength of the toughened BDM/DABPA can be increased up to 172.5%. Compared with the nonactive PEK‐C, active groups of RPEK‐C can react with BDM, playing a role in “anchoring” the thermoplastic molecular chains. The toughening mechanism of BDM/DABPA with RPEK‐C participating is discussed. This study shows that polyaryletherketones with functional active group have great potential application in high‐end toughening fields.
The inhibitory impact of Schisandrin on inflammation and oxidative stress alleviates LPS‐induced acute kidney injury
Authors: Liu Xinyao , Huang Qiuxia , Li Wenqi , Yu Jinjin , Yu Jiabao , Yang Yajie , Song Huixin , Liu Yang , Niu Xiaofeng , Li Weifeng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractInflammation and oxidative stress (OS) are the major pathogenic characteristics of acute kidney injury (AKI). Studies have shown that Schisandrin (Sch) could regulate inflammatory disease. However, the function and mechanism of Sch in AKI progression are still unknown. Here, we investigated Sch's potential effects and mechanism on mice's renal damage and macrophages induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Sch decreased LPS‐induced inflammatory factor production while increasing the activity of related antioxidant enzymes in macrophages and mouse kidney tissues. Hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed that Sch may have the ability to profoundly inhibit inflammatory cell invasion and tissue damage caused by LPS in renal tissue. Furthermore, Western blot and immunohistochemical studies showed that Sch exerted its effects mainly through up‐regulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2/heme oxygenase‐1 and inhibition of Toll‐like receptor 4‒mitogen‐activated protein kinases/nuclear factor‐kappa B pathways. Collectively, this study illustrates that Sch suppresses LPS‐stimulated AKI by descending inflammation and OS, illuminating prospective AKI treatment options.
Catechol‐induced covalent modifications modulate the aggregation tendency of α‐synuclein: An in‐solution and in‐silico study
Authors: Inciardi Ilenia , Rizzotto Elena , Gregoris Francesco , Fongaro Benedetta , Sosic Alice , Minervini Giovanni , Polverino de Laureto Patrizia 
Published: May 2024

AbstractParkinson's disease (PD) stands as a challenging neurodegenerative condition characterized by the emergence of Lewy Bodies (LBs), intracellular inclusions within dopaminergic neurons. These LBs harbor various proteins, prominently including α‐Synuclein (Syn) aggregates, implicated in disease pathology. A promising avenue in PD treatment involves targeting Syn aggregation. Recent findings from our research have shown that 3,4‐dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) and 3,4‐dihydroxyphenylethanol (DOPET) possess the ability to impede the formation of Syn fibrils by disrupting the aggregation process. Notably, these compounds primarily engage in noncovalent interactions with the protein, leading to the formation of off‐pathway oligomers that deter fibril growth. Through proteolysis studies and mass spectrometry (MS) analysis, we have identified potential covalent modifications of Syn in the presence of DOPAC, although the exact site remains elusive. Employing molecular dynamics simulations, we delved into how DOPAC‐induced covalent alterations might affect the mechanism of Syn aggregation. Our findings indicate that the addition of a covalent adduct on certain residues enhances fibril flexibility without compromising its secondary structure stability. Furthermore, in the monomeric state, the modified residue fosters novel bonding interactions, thereby influencing long‐range interactions between the N‐ and C‐termini of the protein.
Exploring Potential Targets and Pathways of Toxicity Attenuation Through Serum Pharmacochemistry and Network Pharmacology in the Processing of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata
Authors: Lei Huibo , Zhang Hongli , Yu Yating , Yu Xiaoyan , Guo Meili , Yuan Yongfang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi, FZ) is a frequently utilized traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in clinical settings. However, its toxic and side effects, particularly cardiac injury, are apparent, necessitating processing before use. To investigate the mechanism of toxicity induced by absorbed components and the mitigating effect of processed FZ, we established a comprehensive method combining serum pharmacochemistry and a network pharmacology approach. In total, 31 chemical components were identified in the plasma, with a general decrease in response intensity observed for these components in processed FZ. Subsequently, four components were selected for network pharmacology analysis. This analysis revealed 150 drug action targets and identified 1162 cardiac toxicity targets. Through intersection analysis, 41 key targets related to cardiac toxicity were identified, along with 9 significant Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. The most critical targets identified were AKT1, MTOR, and PARP1. The key biological pathways implicated were adrenergic signaling in cardiomyocytes, proteoglycans in cancer, and the calcium signaling pathway. Significant differences were observed in histological staining and biochemical indicators in the cardiac tissue of rats treated with FZ, indicating that processing could indeed reduce its cardiotoxicity. Indeed, this article presents a valuable strategy for elucidating the toxification mechanism of toxic TCM.
Adverse childhood experiences and smoking status in children: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Amiri Sohrab , Taridashti Sarvenaz , Khan Moien A. B. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAdverse childhood experiences are a factor that can have a broad impact on different dimensions of health in different eras. This research aimed to investigate the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and smoking in children through a systematic review and meta‐analysis. Three databases, including PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus, were selected for manuscript searches. These three databases were searched until July 2022. This search was limited to English. For this study, the odds ratio or risk ratio and 95% confidence interval were extracted. The odds ratio pool was performed using the random‐effects method reported. An analysis was done based on the types of adverse childhood experiences and an analysis based on sex. The year of publication of the earliest and last publication included in this analysis was, respectively, 2003 and 2022. After screening the manuscripts, finally, 39 studies remained for this study. Adverse childhood experiences are associated with an increased risk of smoking in children [odds ratio 1.69; CI = 1.55–1.85; z = 11.80; p < 0.001; I2 = 92.6%]. Components of adverse childhood experiences, including emotional abuse, emotional neglect, physical abuse, physical maltreatment and physical neglect, were associated with increased smoking. The present study showed that adverse childhood experiences provide a context that increases the possibility of smoking in children. It is necessary to pay attention to the dimensions of health and behaviour in this group.
What factors influence termination behaviour on freemium platforms? An empirical analysis of the termination probability among paying users
Authors: Lehmann‐Zschunke Nina 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBecause of growing digitalization, consumers are confronted with more and more new technologies. Digital ecosystems and digital platforms are of great importance in this context. One possibility for monetizing the services offered on digital platforms is the freemium pricing model. In light of increasing competition, it is important for platform operators to know as much as possible about the usage behaviour of their consumers. In particular, they need to know what factors influence the termination behaviour of paying users. The empirical study is based on data from 20,319 paying users of a freemium platform that offers information on equestrian sports. Using a logistic regression, several possible influencing factors on the probability of termination are examined. Among other things, the study shows that the termination probability is greater if the paying user has chosen a shorter subscription. Users who have already terminated their subscription before their current one are also at greater risk of churn. Premium users with high levels of involvement and members who receive notifications about new content on the platform are less likely to quit. The number of video views is also negatively related to the termination probability. Freemium providers can use this information to predict terminations and take appropriate action, such as special offers for users at risk of termination.
Giant pedunculated hepatic hemangioma accompanied by a 10‐year history of taking oral contraceptive: A case report and literature review
Authors: Samidoust Pirouz , Moayerifar Maziar , Mohammadian Maede , Zamani Athar , Jafari Maryam , Moayerifar Mani , Kalavari Fakhrieh , Foroughifar Mahta 
Published: May 2024

Key Clinical MessageGiant pedunculated hepatic hemangiomas, mostly seen in women, are considered a rare type of giant hepatic hemangioma, with challenging diagnosis. Unlike other types of liver hemangiomas, they can manifest different kinds of symptoms, and are prone to life‐threatening manifestations like rupture or torsion.AbstractHemangioma is the most common benign liver primary tumor. Hepatic hemangioma >4 cm (some studies suggest >10 cm) is referred to as a giant hemangioma. Although hepatic hemangioma does not manifest symptoms in most cases, a giant hepatic hemangioma can manifest different kinds of symptoms. Giant pedunculated hepatic hemangiomas are considered a rare type of giant hepatic hemangioma, with challenging diagnosis, as the thin pedicle could be hard to be detected on imaging. A 41‐year‐old woman was admitted to our hospital, with dull discomfort of the right upper quadrant and epigastric region and early satiety for the past 7 months, with the history of taking oral contraceptive (OCP) for 10 years. Ultrasound and computed tomography revealed a 130 × 124 × 76 mm solid mass, with central cystic lesion, located in the midline of the epigastric region, attaching to the inferior surface of the third segment of the left lobe of the liver. Due to the potential risk for torsion, and rupture of the hemangioma, the management of the patient proceeded to surgical excision. Pathological examination of the specimen confirmed the diagnosis of hepatic hemangioma. Giant pedunculated hepatic hemangioma is a rare benign tumor. It demonstrates higher incidence rate in women, as some hemangiomas have estrogen receptors, and estrogen can lead to endothelial cell proliferation and organization in vascular structure. Most hemangiomas do not express any symptoms; therefore, no treatment is needed except for the patients who manifest symptoms, or in giant pedunculated hemangiomas, as they are prone to rupture or torsion. In this review most cases were female, and most of them presented with abdominal pain, in most cases the tumor located in the left lobe of the liver. Almost all the reviewed cases underwent surgery. Giant hepatic hemangioma is a differential diagnosis of palpable mass, or other symptoms of the right upper quadrant, and epigastric region specially in women taking OCP. Imaging is needed to rule out these tumors, and most often, pedunculated hemangioma is harder to be defined on imaging. It requires surgery because of the risk of acute problems, such as torsion and rupture.
Significant Promotional Effect of Nb Doping in Bifunctional Pd/WOx Nanocatalysts on One‐Step Benzene Hydroalkylation
Authors: Zhang Ming , Fan Guoli , Li Feng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe development of high‐efficiency heterogeneous bifunctional metal‐acid catalysts with an appropriate metal‐acid balance for the production of cyclohexylbenzene (CHB) via the one‐step tandem benzene hydroalkylation still faces a dilemma because of the difficulty in inhibiting the over hydrogenation of benzene substrate and cyclohexene intermediate and controlling target product selectivity. In this study, Nb‐doped WOx supported Pd nanocatalysts were developed. It has been shown that doping Nb into WOx supports altered surface properties and microstructures of catalysts, resulting in the generation of more surface acidic sites and defective W−Ov−Nb structures (Ov: oxygen vacancies). As‐constructed Pd‐based nanocatalyst with only 0.1 wt % Pd loading and a Nb/(Nb+W) molar ratio of 0.25 exhibited superior catalytic benzene hydroalkylation performance to undoped supported Pd catalyst, with a much higher yield of CHB (35.6 %) at 220 °C. It was authenticated that highly dispersed Pd sites facilitated the dissociation of hydrogen molecules, defective W−Ov−Nb structures were conductive to the surface transfer of active hydrogen species, a large number of acidic sites favored benzene/cyclohexene intermediate adsorption, and abundant Brønsted acidic sites promoted the alkylation between cyclohexene intermediate formed and benzene. Accordingly, excellent cooperative catalysis between Pd sites, acidic sites, and oxygen vacancies contributed to improved catalytic performance of Nb‐doped WOx supported Pd catalysts in benzene hydroalkylation. This research presents an alternative for the creation of low‐cost practical bifunctional metal‐acid catalysts for highly efficient benzene hydroalkylation.
Efficient Desulfonylation of Alkenyl Sulfones Enabled by Cu‐Catalysis
Authors: Park Dohyun , Lim Minsoo , Yun Jaesook 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study reported an efficient and operationally simple desulfonylation method. A one‐pot protoboration‐desulfonylation of alkenyl sulfones with various sulfone heads under copper catalysis using diboron, and an alkoxide base in DMF afforded high yields of the corresponding alkenes. This reaction operates well in the presence of water and air for unsaturated sulfones with an aryl or alkyl substituent and for widely used phenyl and other sulfonyl families. Use of ligand is not necessary and byproducts from the reaction are relatively benign.
Graphene Nanoplatelets/Polylactic Acid Conductive Polymer Composites: Tensile, Thermal and Electrical Properties
Authors: Cheong Kim Ling , Pang Ming Meng , Low Jiun Hor , Tshai Kim Yeow , Koay Seong Chun , Wong Wai Yin , Ch'ng Shiau Ying , Buys Yose Fachmi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractConductive polymer composites (CPC) are gaining increasing popularity due to their unique characteristics, which include light weight and the ability to conduct electricity. In this work, CPC were prepared by blending the polylactic acid (PLA) with a conductive filler, graphene nanoplatelets (GNP), at dosages ranging from 1 to 12 wt % using an internal mixer. The hot press machine was used to compress the CPC into thin sheet, and subsequently characterized for tensile, thermal, and electrical properties. The results showed that the addition of GNP at 7 wt % (percolation threshold) successfully transformed the PLA into an electrically conductive material. The tensile modulus increased with added GNP, but elongation at break and tensile strength exhibited an opposite trend. The incorporation of GNP also enhanced the composite's thermal stability.