bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolation and characterization of a triplet nitrene
Authors: Tan Gengwen , Wang Dongmin , Chen Wang , Chen Haonan , Chen Yizhen , Ye Shengfa 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Free nitrenes of R–N are short-lived intermediates in a variety of nitrogen-involved transformations. They feature either a singlet ground state or a triplet ground state, depending on the electronic properties of the substituents R. Triplet arylnitrenes typically undergo facile ring expansion to azacycloheptatetraenes, making their isolation in the condensed phase highly challenging. Herein, we present the synthesis, isolation and characterization of an isolable triplet arylnitrene supported by a bulky hydrindacene ligand. The high stability is largely attributed to the sufficient steric hindrance and effective electron delocalization imparted by the supporting ligand. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy in conjunction with highly correlated wavefunction based ab initio calculations unambiguously demonstrated its triplet ground state with axial zero-field splitting D = 0.92 cm–1 and vanishing rhombicity E/D = 0.002. This work not only presents a long-sought reaction intermediate, but also provides in-depth insights into the reaction mechanisms involving nitrenes.
An unsupervised transfer learning gear fault diagnosis method based on parameter-optimized VMD and residual attention networks
Authors: Ma Jiaocheng , Lv Hongdong , Liu Qin , Yan Lijun 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Traditional gear intelligent fault diagnosis methods require a large amount of labeled training data. It is challenging to train a high-precision fault diagnosis model due to the issue of insufficient fault data. Transfer learning can reduce the requirement for sufficient labeled data. When the data from the source and target domains differ significantly, the accuracy of the current transfer learning-based fault diagnosis techniques is poor. To deal with this problem, a deep transfer learning gear fault diagnosis method is presented. Firstly, a variational mode decomposition (VMD) and gramian angular field (GAF)-based data preprocessing technique is suggested to denoise the signal and convert the one-dimensional signal into two-dimensional images. Next, this paper proposes an improved residual attention convolutional neural network (IRACNN) to extract the signal's multi-scale spatial features, thereby improving the network's capability to extract gear fault features. Finally, this paper suggests a staged transfer training strategy to align the class-level feature distribution. This paper sets up a gear fault test platform in the laboratory to verify the suggested method and demonstrate its superiority.
Effects of early life protein intake on physical and neuropsychological development of preterm infants aged 0-24 month：a longitudinal cohort study of High-Risk Infant
Authors: Xie Qunying , Li Jiamei , Wen Yuqi , Song Yanyan , Hu Yan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose: To investigated whether high protein intake in early life contribute to physical and mental development in preterm infants aged 0-24 months, then analyzed the association between protein intake and incidence of obesity.
Methods: A total of 174 preterm infants were recruited for a cohort study related to Guangzhou High-Risk Infant, and were divided into a high protein intake group (HP, n=21) and a common protein intake group (LP, n=153) based on their average protein intake at the age of 0~6 months. Body weight, body length, and BMI and their Z-scores was calculated, and the Gesell development and infant neuropsychological examination screening were used to assess child mental development. Multivariate Linear regression models were used to assess the correlation between protein intake and physical development, and the multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the association between protein intake and the level of mental development and the incidence of obesity.
Results: The average protein intake in HP and LP group were 3.76±0.62g/kg/day and 1.67±0.49g/kg/day, respectively. The body weight, body length, BMI, and their Z-scores in the HP group was significantly lower than LP group during aged 6 to18 months. There a negatively correlation between protein intake and physical development level at aged 6~12 months. No significant association was found between protein intake and the mental development and the incidence of obesity.
Conclusions: A higher protein intake in early life (0~6th month) did not contribute to the development of physical and neuropsychological and have no effect on the incidence of obesity and Neuropsychological development in preterm infants aged 0-24 months.
Polydopamine(PDA)-Coated Diselenide-Bridged Mesoporous Silica-based Nanoplatform for Neuroprotection by Reducing Oxidative Stress and Targeting Neuroinflammation in Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Zhou Fangfang , He Yongju , Zhang Meiru , Gong Xiyu , Liu Xiaoxuan , Tu Ranran , Yang Binbin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Oxidative stress (OS) and neuroinflammation are critical pathological processes in secondary brain injury (SBI) after intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH), and their intimate interactions initiate and aggravate brain damage. Thus, targeting oxidative stress and neuroinflammation could be a promising therapeutic strategy for ICH treatment. Here, we report a high-performance platform using polydopamine (PDA)-coated diselenide bridged mesoporous silica nanoparticle (PDA-DSeMSN) as a smart ROS scavenger and ROS-responsive drug delivery system. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) was blocked in the pore of DSeMSN by covering the pore with PDA as a gatekeeper. PDA-DSeMSN @CAPE maintained high stability and underwent reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive degradation and drug release. The intelligent nanomaterial effectively eliminated ROS, promoted M1 to M2 microglial conversion and suppressed neuroinflammation in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, intravenous administration of PDA-DSeMSN@CAPE specifically accumulated in perihematomal sites and demonstrated robust neuroprotection in an ICH mouse model with high biological safety. Taking together, the synergistic effect of ROS-responsive drug delivery ability and ROS scavenging ability of PDA-DSeMSN makes it a powerful drug delivery platform and provided new considerations into the therapeutic action to improve ICH-induce brain injury.
Enhanced Influence of Indian Ocean Dipole on Sri Lanka Rainfall in Recent Decades
Authors: Kajakokulan Pathmarasa , Jayawardena Shiromani , Attada Raju 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) represents a significant driver of ocean-atmosphere coupled phenomena over the equatorial Indian Ocean (IO), exerting a strong influence on the inter-annual rainfall variability of Sri Lanka. However, the nature of the relationship between the IOD and Sri Lanka rainfall has undergone secular fluctuations over the past decades. Consequently, our study provides an in-depth analysis of the evolving relationship between the IOD and rainfall over the wet zone of Sri Lanka during the IOD peak fall, utilising reanalysis datasets from 1940 to 2020. It has been demonstrated that there is a weak and insignificant correlation between the IOD and rainfall over the wet zone of Sri Lanka during the pre-1980s. On the other hand, a strong and significant correlation was observed during the post-1980s. Furthermore, we found that positive IOD warming was higher in the post-1980s compared to the pre-1980s. This was attributed to strong walker circulation and, as a result, strong moisture convergence and convection over the western IO, which led to an enhanced relationship between rainfall over the wet zone of Sri Lanka and IOD. Thus, this study highlights how ocean-atmosphere changes in the tropical IO have contributed to strengthening the IOD- Sri Lanka rainfall relationship over recent decades and could be valuable for seasonal prediction in Sri Lanka.
Evaluating Mechanical Benefit of Wedge Osteotomies in Endoscopic Surgery for Sagittal Synostosis Using Patient-Specific 3D Printed Models
Authors: Taborsky Jakub , Taborska Jana , Sova Pavel , Maratova Klara , Kodytkova Aneta , Benes Vladimir , Liby Petr 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose: Endoscopically assisted sagittal strip craniotomy with subsequent cranial orthosis is a frequently used surgical approach for non-syndromic sagittal synostosis. Originally, this technique involved a wide sagittal strip craniectomy with bilateral wedge osteotomies. More recent studies suggest omitting wedge osteotomies, achieving similar outcomes. The controversy surrounding wedge osteotomies and our efforts to refine our technique led us to create models and evaluate the mechanical impact of wedge osteotomies.
Methods: We conducted a 3D-print study involving preoperative CT scans of non-syndromic scaphocephaly patients undergoing Minimally Invasive Assisted Remodelation (MEAR) surgery. The sagittal strip collected during surgery underwent thickness measurement, along with a 3-point bending test. These results were used to determine printing parameters for accurately replicating the skull model. Model testing simulated gravitational forces during the postoperative course and assessed lateral expansion under various wedge osteotomy conditions.
Results: The median sagittal strip thickness was 2.00 mm (range 1.35-3.46 mm) and significantly positively correlated (p = 0.037) with the median force (21.05N) of the 3-point bending test. Model testing involving 40 models demonstrated that biparietal wedge osteotomies significantly reduced the force required for lateral bone shift, with a trend up to 5 cm long cuts (p = 0.007). Additional cuts beyond this length or adding the occipital cut did not provide further significant advantage (p = 0.1643; p = 9.6381).
Conclusion: Biparietal wedge osteotomies reduce the force needed for lateral expansion, provide circumstances for accelerated head shape correction, and potentially reduce the duration of cranial orthosis therapy.
SVF cell sheets: A new multicellular material-based strategy for promoting angiogenesis and regeneration in diced cartilage grafts
Authors: Wei Yangchen , Wei Yi , Xie Cong , Li Zhengyang , Li Li , Chen Yan , Wang Yiping , Jia Chiyu , Xie Hongju , Liao Junlin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Autologous diced cartilage, while biocompatible and easy to shape, is limited in clinical application due to its high resorption rate and challenges in establishing timely and effective neovascularization post-surgery. In this study, we produced SVF cell sheets from adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) via enzymatic digestion, employing a temperature-sensitive culture system. Our in vivo and in vitro experiments validated that SVF cell sheets, when wrapped around granular cartilage, exhibited a notable promotion of cartilage regeneration and mitigated granular cartilage resorption in a rabbit diced cartilage graft model. Our findings demonstrate that SVF cell sheets facilitated effective neovascularization and timely cartilage block formation by secreting VEGF and Ang-1 while also suppressing the expression of pyroptotic proteins like NLRP3, Caspase1, and GSDMD. As a biofilm, derived from a multicellular source, SVF cell sheets hold promise in promoting neovascularization and cartilage regeneration in diced cartilage grafts while also preventing chondrocyte pyroptosis, presenting a potential novel approach for autologous diced cartilage transplantation.
WITHDRAWN: Pregnant Women’s Knowledge and Beliefs regarding the Affect of Obesity on the Continuation of Breast Feeding
Authors: Alotaibi Jazi Shaydied , AlAnazy Wdad , Mahmoud Fatma zaghloul 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: Assessing the knowledge and beliefs of pregnant women regarding the effect of obesity on breastfeeding continuation is crucial in understanding potential barriers to successful breastfeeding amongst this demographic.
Aim: The current study aimed to evaluate pregnant women's knowledge and beliefs about the effect of obesity on breastfeeding continuation.
Design: A descriptive cross-sectional design was adopted.
Sample: A purposive sample of 550 pregnant women was recruited based on certain inclusion criteria.
Setting: The study was carried out within second cluster hospitals in the Riyadh region.
Tools: The tools utilized to collect the necessary data were; a Structured Interviewing questionnaire tool, Structured obesity knowledge tool and Likert Belief Scale regarding the effect of obesity on breast feeding continuation.
Result: The mean age was 29.47 ± 8.6years. About 57.8% of the study sample had an unsatisfactory level of knowledge about the effect of obesity on breast feeding continuation in comparison with 42.2% of them who had a satisfactory level of knowledge. While 87.6% of the study sample had positive beliefs regarding the effect of obesity on breast feeding continuation as compared to 12.4% who had negative beliefs. Amongst the study sample no statistically significant relationship was found between the belief and knowledge categories regarding the effect of obesity on breastfeeding continuation (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: The pregnant women had an unsatisfactory level of knowledge and positive beliefs regarding the effect of obesity on breast feeding continuation.
Recommendation: develop targeted educational interventions to address misconceptions amongst this target group.
Mechanism of action of resveratrol affecting the biological function of breast cancer through the glycolytic pathway
Authors: Gao Yu , Wang Yaoyao , Wang Baodi , Hu Qunying , Jiang Jirui , Feng Bo , Gao Xiuli , Liu Likun , Zhu Wenbin , Yue Liling 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1) plays a crucial role in the glycolytic pathway and its overexpression has a negative impact on tumor development and prognosis. Resveratrol, a natural polyphenolic compound, has gained significant attention in recent years due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-tumor properties. However, the mechanism by which resveratrol inhibits breast cancer growth, invasion, and metastasis through the PGK1 glycolytic pathway is still not fully understood. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effects of resveratrol on breast cancer cell proliferation and invasive migration, as well as its ability to promote apoptosis in vitro. Additionally, the study examined the inhibitory effects of resveratrol on the growth of mouse breast cancer graft tumors in vivo. The findings revealed that resveratrol exerted oncogenic effects both in vivo and in vitro. In our study, we provided additional evidence to support the role of resveratrol in breast cancer treatment. Specifically, We found that resveratrol effectively reduced the expression of PGK1 in BT-549 cells. This reduction is achieved by regulating an important transcription factor c-Myc. As a result, the cellular glycolytic pathway is blocked, leading to the inhibition of malignant biological behavior in breast cancer cells. Our findings suggest that targeting the PGK1 glycolytic pathway could be a promising approach for resveratrol-based treatment of breast cancer.
United Predictability of CT radiomics on invasive pathological features in clinical stage IA-IIA non-small cell lung cancer: a double-center study
Authors: Zhao Fengnian , Jiang Wang , Wang Xiaoxue , Zhao Yunqing , yan Qingna , Li Dong , Zhou Guiming 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Limited surgery has received increasing attention to minimize damage and preserve more functional lung tissue. However, invasive pathological features including occult lymph node metastasis, visceral pleural invasion, lymphovascular invasion and tumor spread through air spaces may become risk factors for prognosis after limited surgery. The aim of this study was to unitedly predict these invasive pathological features based on computed tomography (CT) radiomics in patients with early stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Methods
From January 2016 to February 2023, 910 patients with clinical stage IA-IIA NSCLC underwent resection and were divided into training and validation group based on different institution. Radiomics features were extracted by the PyRadiomics software after tumor lesion segmentation and screened by spearman correlation analysis, minimum redundancy maximum relevance and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis. Univariate analysis followed by multivariable logistic regression were performed to estimate the independent predictors. A predictive model was established with visual nomogram and external validation, and evaluated in terms of area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).
Results
225 patients had invasive pathological features (33.2%), and four independent predictors were identified: larger consolidation diameter (p = 0.032), pleural attachment (p = 0.013), texture (p < 0.001) and Rad-score (p < 0.001). The combined model showed good calibration with an AUC of 0.815, compared with 0.778 and 0.691 when radiomics or traditional CT features were used alone. For the validation group, the AUC was 0.792, compared with 0.745 and 0.701 in radiomics or traditional CT features model.
Conclusion
Our predictive model can non-invasively assess the risk of invasive pathological features in patients with clinical stage IA-IIA NSCLC, enable surgeons perform more reasonable and individualized treatment choices.
Identification and characterization of mitochondrial autophagy-related genes in osteosarcoma and predicting clinical prognosis
Authors: Zhang Hongliang , Zhang Jingyu , Li Shuang , Liu Jinwei , Zhu Kai , Zhang Hong , Guan Boya , Liu Yancheng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Osteosarcoma (OS), with its poor prognosis and risk of metastasis, is the most common primary solid malignant bone tumor. Mitochondrial autophagy has been shown to prevent cancer. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic genes associated with mitochondrial autophagy in OS.
Methods
The OS related dataset, TARGET-OS, GSE99671 and GSE21257 were downloaded from public database. The differential expression genes (DEGs1) were obtained between OS and normal samples in GSE99671. The single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA) was used to calculate the scores of 29 mitochondrial autophagy related genes (MARGs) in OS samples, and the samples in TARGET-OS were divided into high-/low-rating groups, so as to obtain the DEGs2 between the two groups. Then the DEGs1 were intersected with DEGs2 to obtain mitochondrial autophagy-related differential genes (MDGs). Subsequently, prognostic genes were screened through multiple steps and risk score was calculated. TARGET-OS was divided into high and low risk groups according to the best cutoff value of risk score. Then, GSEA was performed in two risk groups. Furthermore, the correlation between immune microenvironment and prognostic genes was evaluated.
Results
In all 31 MDGs were obtained via overlap of 3,207 DEGs1 and 622 DEGs2. Then, 5 prognostic genes were screened via multi-step regression analysis, namely KLK2, NRXN1, HES5, OR2W3 and HS3ST4. Kaplan-Meier (K-M) curve showed patients in the high-risk group had shorter survival time and lower survival rate. Further, GSEA results suggested that two risk group were enriched into abc transporter and glycolysis glucose production. Immunoanalysis found that 11 immune cells and 3 immune functions were remarkably different between two groups, such as MDSC and Type 1 T helper cell. HS3ST4 had strongest positive correlation with macrophage, and NRXN1 had strongest negative correlation with memory B cell. The expressions of HAVCR2 and PDCD1LG2 were higher in the low-risk group. Dysfunction had remarkable difference between the two risk groups.
Conclusion
In this study, five prognostic genes associated with mitochondrial 1autophagy were identified and a risk model was constructed, providing a new idea for the diagnosis and treatment of OS.
Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase is Activated in Podocytes from Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy
Authors: Yamashiro Aoi , Satoh Yasushi , Oshima Naoki , Endo Shogo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

In recent decades, the global prevalence of diabetes has provided a warning of chronic complications. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious complication of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes that affects approximately 35% of diabetic individuals. DN is the main cause of end-stage kidney disease, in which the kidneys can no longer function on their own. Podocytes in the glomerulus play a critical role in regulating glomerular permeability, and podocyte injury is the main cause of DN. Therefore, an increasing number of studies have focused on podocyte injury in DN, and interventions targeting podocyte injury have emerged as potential therapeutic strategies against DN. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) is a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase family that plays critical roles in intracellular signal transduction. In human patients with DN, phosphorylated ERK (pERK), the active form of ERK, is increased in the glomerulus. However, information on the expression of pERK, specifically in podocytes in DN, is limited. Meanwhile, high glucose induces ERK activation in immortalized podocyte cell lines, suggesting the involvement of podocytic ERK in DN. We performed an immunohistochemical study to investigate whether podocytic pERK levels increase in patientswith DN. In comparison to healthy controls, patients with DN showed significantly increased pERK expression levels in cells that were positive for the podocyte-specific marker Wilms’ tumor-1 (DN: 51.3 ± 13.1% vs. Control: 7.3 ± 1.6%, p = 0.0158, t-test, n = 4 for each group). This suggests that ERK activation in podocytes is involved in the pathogenesis of DN.
Phytochemical Study of Some Plant Extracts to Assess their Synergistic Corrosion Inhibition Performance-A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Emmanuel Joseph , Ngasoh Fayen , Bello Abdulhakeem , Anye Vitalis , Onwualu Azikwe 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This work presents a phytochemical study of selected plants extracts to evaluate their potential synergistic corrosion inhibition performance. It was observed that the dominant phytochemicals derived from ten plant leaves and seeds can be synergies in group to enable better understanding of their inhibitory mechanism, which is a potentially significant gap in knowledge. Based on the results of phytochemical screening using FTIR, GC-MS, VU-VIS, and further analysis of the active and predominant phytochemicals, their reaction complex, inhibitor compatibility and other physical and chemical properties as reported in literature, the plant extracts have been grouped into three Organic Green Corrosion inhibitor (OGCI) formulations. Group 1-Greentreat-1234, Group 2-Greentreat-95627 and Group 3-Greentreat-85. The inhibitor adsorption is via, Pie -bond orbital adsorption, Electrostatic adsorption, Chemisorption and Physisorption as reported in literature. The implication of this study is that OGCI has the potential to control wet corrosion of carbon steel.