bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Apolipoprotein H Promoter Polymorphisms in Relation to Lupus and Lupus-related Phenotypes
Authors: SURESH SANGITA , DEMIRCI F. YESIM K. , JACOBS ERIN , KAO AMY H. , RHEW ELISA Y. , SANGHERA DHARAMBIR K. , SELZER FAITH , SUTTON-TYRRELL KIM , McPHERSON DAVID , BONTEMPO FRANKLIN A. , KAMMERER CANDACE M. , RAMSEY-GOLDMAN ROSALIND , MANZI SUSAN , KAMBOH M. ILYAS 
Published: May 2009

Objective.Sequence variation in gene promoters is often associated with disease risk. We tested the hypothesis that common promoter variation in the APOH gene (encoding for ß2-glycoprotein I) is associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) risk and SLE-related clinical phenotypes in a Caucasian cohort.Methods.We used a case-control design and genotyped 345 women with SLE and 454 healthy control women for 8APOHpromoter single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP; –1284C>G, –1219G>A, –1190G>C, –759A>G, –700C>A, –643T>C, –38G>A, and –32C>A).Association analyses were performed on single SNP and haplotypes. Haplotype analyses were performed using EH (Estimate Haplotype–frequencies) and Haploview programs.In vitroreporter gene assay was performed in COS-1 cells. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) was performed using HepG2 nuclear cells.Results.Overall haplotype distribution of theAPOHpromoter SNP was significantly different between cases and controls (p = 0.009). The –643C allele was found to be protective against carotid plaque formation (adjusted OR 0.37, p = 0.013) among patients with SLE. The –643C allele was associated with a ~2-fold decrease in promoter activity as compared to wild-type –643T allele (mean ± standard deviation: 3.94 ± 0.05 vs 6.99 ± 0.68, p = 0.016). EMSA showed that the –643T>C SNP harbors a binding site for a nuclear factor. The –1219G>A SNP showed a significant association with the risk of lupus nephritis (age-adjusted OR 0.36, p = 0.016).Conclusion.Our data indicate thatAPOHpromoter variants may be involved in the etiology of SLE, especially the risk for autoimmune-mediated cardiovascular disease.
Sensitivity of the Classification of Psoriatic Arthritis Criteria in Early Psoriatic Arthritis
Authors: D’ANGELO SALVATORE , MENNILLO GIANNA ANGELA , CUTRO MARIA STEFANIA , LECCESE PIETRO , NIGRO ANGELO , PADULA ANGELA , OLIVIERI IGNAZIO 
Published: May 2009

Objective.To determine the sensitivity of the CASPAR criteria in patients with early psoriatic arthritis (PsA).Methods.Consecutive patients with a clinical diagnosis of PsA and a disease duration < 12 months were enrolled for study. The proportion of patients meeting the criteria (i.e., the sensitivity) was determined.Results.Forty-four patients with early PsA (23 women, 21 men; mean age 51 yrs, range 16–90) were enrolled. Mean disease duration (± SD) was 15.8 ± 14.3 weeks (range 0.1–50.9 wks). Thirty-four patients satisfied the criteria at the first visit (sensitivity 77.3%). Most patients met the skin and laboratory criterion, i.e., they were rheumatoid factor-negative, while only 2 satisfied the radiologic criterion.Conclusion.Our findings suggest a less satisfactory performance of the CASPAR criteria when applied in early PsA. Lower sensitivity could mainly depend on the small proportion of patients fulfilling the radiologic criterion.
Thrombin-Cleaved Osteopontin in Synovial Fluid of Subjects with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: HASEGAWA MASAHIRO , NAKOSHI YUTAKA , IINO TAKAHIRO , SUDO AKIHIRO , SEGAWA TATSUYA , MAEDA MASAHIRO , YOSHIDA TOSHIMICHI , UCHIDA ATSUMASA 
Published: May 2009

Objective.Osteopontin (OPN) is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein that has been recognized as a potential inflammatory cytokine. The function of OPN is modulated by protease digestion, and a thrombin-cleaved form of OPN is involved in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory disorders. We examined thrombin-cleaved OPN products in synovial fluid from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA).Methods.Synovial fluid samples were obtained from knees of 20 patients with RA and 111 patients with OA. Thrombin-cleaved OPN product was determined using Western blotting. Levels of thrombin- cleaved and full-length OPN in synovial fluid were determined by ELISA. Synovia were analyzed by immunohistochemistry using an antibody specific to the thrombin-cleaved form.Results.Immunoblotting showed the presence of thrombin-cleaved OPN in synovial fluid from patients with RA and OA. ELISA results showed no difference between concentrations of full-length OPN in the synovial fluid of RA and OA patients; however, thrombin-cleaved OPN concentrations in RA synovial fluid samples were roughly 30-fold higher compared with OA samples (p < 0.001). Synovial fluid concentrations of thrombin-cleaved OPN in RA did not correlate with C-reactive protein levels. Immunohistochemistry of the synovium showed stronger reactivity in RA than in OA samples.Conclusion.Local generation of thrombin-cleaved OPN was increased in RA joints. Thrombin-cleaved OPN may be a useful biochemical marker of RA.
Myocardial Perfusion Imaging in Assessing Risk of Coronary Events in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: NIKPOUR MANDANA , GLADMAN DAFNA D. , IBAÑEZ DOMINIQUE , BRUCE IAN N. , BURNS ROBERT J. , UROWITZ MURRAY B. 
Published: May 2009

Objective.Classic risk factors do not fully account for the increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), making identification of the subset of patients at risk challenging. In this prospective cohort study we investigated whether myocardial perfusion defects in SLE are predictive of CAD events, independently of traditional Framingham risk factors.Methods.We performed myocardial perfusion imaging in 122 women with SLE who did not have a history of CAD. Patients had clinical and serologic evaluation, and an assessment of cardiac risk factors. They were then followed for the occurrence of CAD events. Cox regression models were used to determine independent predictors of CAD.Results.Forty-six (37.7%) patients had perfusion defects. Median followup was 8.7 years, during which 15 CAD events occurred (1 myocardial infarction, 14 angina). Cox modeling showed that myocardial perfusion defects are strongly predictive of CAD [hazard ratio (HR) 13.0, 95% CI 2.8 to 60.1, p = 0.001]. Although the 10-year Framingham risk score was significantly predictive of CAD (HR 1.8, 95% CI 1.1 to 2.9, p = 0.01), the risk scores in groups with normal and abnormal scans were similar to the “low-risk” general population.Conclusion.In women with SLE, myocardial perfusion defects are strongly and independently predictive of CAD. Our findings suggest that myocardial perfusion imaging to assess risk of future coronary events should be considered in women with SLE.
Impairment and Disability: A Journey of Understanding
Authors: Brigham Christopher R. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The inaugural issue of the American Medical Association's (AMA's) Guides Newsletter in 1996 ignited a conversation about the concepts of impairment and disability. Although the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment has evolved significantly with evidence-based medicine from the third edition (1990) to the current 2023 version of the sixth edition, conflating impairment and disability ratings continues. Impairment and disability are distinct terms. The extent of an injury does not necessarily predict the effects on activities of daily living, including work, given other clinical factors, comorbidities, motivation, technology, and accommodations. Patients with disabilities are best understood by embracing a biopsychosocial-spiritual model that reflects a humanistic and holistic view because disability is a multifaceted concept that is influenced by evolving physical, psychological, and psychosocial factors. Evaluating impairment is a challenging undertaking and physicians tasked with impairment evaluations must be trained to use the AMA Guides appropriately.
Psychiatric Symptoms, Treatment Uptake, and Barriers to Mental Health Care Among US Adults With Post–COVID-19 Condition
Authors: Naik Hiten , Tran Karen C. , Staples John A. , Perlis Roy H. , Levin Adeera 
Published: April 2024

ImportancePsychiatric symptoms are reportedly common among adults with post–COVID-19 condition (PCC). However, nationally representative data regarding symptom prevalence, treatment uptake, and barriers to care are needed to inform the development of care models.ObjectivesTo evaluate the prevalence of psychiatric symptoms in US adults with PCC compared with those without PCC and assess treatment uptake and cost-related barriers to treatment.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsData from the 2022 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), a nationally representative US cross-sectional survey, were analyzed between October 2023 and February 2024.ExposureCurrent PCC, defined as new symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection lasting more than 3 months and ongoing at the time of interview.Main Outcomes and MeasuresDepression symptoms were evaluated by the Patient Health Questionnaire-8 and anxiety symptoms were assessed using the General Anxiety Disorder-7 instrument. Participants were classified as having received treatment if they received mental health counseling or therapy or medications for mental health. Sleep difficulties, cognitive difficulties, disabling fatigue, and cost-related barriers were assessed from additional NHIS questions.ResultsOf the 25 122 participants representing approximately 231 million US adults (median [IQR] age, 46 [32-61] years; 49.8% male and 50.2% female participants), a weighted prevalence (wPr) of 3.4% (95% CI, 3.1%-3.6%) had current PCC. Compared with other US adults, participants with current PCC were more likely to have depression symptoms (wPr, 16.8% vs 7.1%; adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.96; 95% CI, 1.51-2.55), anxiety symptoms (wPr, 16.7% vs 6.3%; AOR, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.53-3.19), sleep difficulties (wPr, 41.5% vs 22.7%; AOR 1.95; 95% CI, 1.65-2.29), cognitive difficulties (wPr, 35.0% vs 19.5%; AOR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.66-2.50), and disabling fatigue (wPr, 4.0% vs 1.6%; AOR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.20-2.86). Among participants who had depression or anxiety symptoms, those with PCC had a similar likelihood of not having received treatment (wPr, 28.2% vs 34.9%; AOR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.66-1.57). However, participants with current PCC were more likely to report a cost-related barrier to accessing mental health counseling or therapy (wPr, 37.2% vs 23.3%; AOR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.40-2.98).Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this study suggest that people with PCC have a higher prevalence of psychiatric symptoms than other adults but are more likely to experience cost-related barriers to accessing therapy. Care pathways for PCC should consider prioritizing mental health screening and affordable treatment.
Daily Low-Level Red Light for Spherical Equivalent Error and Axial Length in Children With Myopia
Authors: Cao Kai , Tian Lei , Ma Dong-Li , Zhao Shi-Qiang , Li Ao , Jin Zi-Bing , Jie Ying 
Published: April 2024

ImportanceTreatments are needed to slow progression of or reduce incidence of myopia.ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of daily 650-nm low-level red light (LLRL) for myopia treatment.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsSingle-masked, randomized clinical trial at 1 site in China. Baseline measurements were completed from August to September 2021. Participants were children aged 6 to 12 years with spherical equivalent error (SER) of −6 diopters (D) to 3 D. Data were analyzed from March to July 2023.InterventionsIrradiation daily with 650-nm LLRL for 3 minutes twice daily 4 or more hours apart or no intervention.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPrimary outcomes were changes in cycloplegia SER and axial length (AL) at 6- and 12-month follow-up visits. Safety was assessed on masked fundus photograph evaluations.ResultsA total of 336 children were randomly allocated into the LLRL group or control group in a 1:1 ratio. The control group contained 86 female patients (51.2%), and the treatment group contained 90 female patients (53.6%). The mean (SD) age, SER, and AL were 9.0 (1.9) years, −1.3 (1.5) D, and 23.8 (1.0) mm for all patients. A total of 161 (95.8%) in the LLRL group and 159 (94.6%) in the control group returned for the 6-month follow-up. A total of 157 (93.5%) in the LLRL group and 152 (90.5%) in the control group returned for the 12-month follow-up. Mean (SD) changes in SER were 0.15 (0.16) D and −0.26 (0.21) D for the LLRL group and the control group, respectively (difference, −0.41 D; 95% CI, −0.48 to −0.34 D; P &amp;lt; .001), at 6 months and 0.24 (0.27) D and −0.65 (0.33) D for the LLRL group and the control group, respectively (difference, −0.89 D; 95% CI, −0.95 to −0.83 D; P &amp;lt; .001), at 12 months. Mean (SD) changes in AL were −0.06 (0.08) mm and 0.13 (0.12) mm for the LLRL group and control group, respectively (difference, 0.19 mm; 95% CI, 0.16 to 0.22 mm; P &amp;lt; .001), at 6 months and −0.11 (0.10) mm and 0.26 (0.16) mm for the LLRL group and control group, respectively (difference, 0.37 mm; 95% CI, 0.34 to 0.40 mm; P &amp;lt; .001). Masked fundus photograph review did not identify retinal changes in either group.Conclusions and relevanceThese findings suggest daily use of 650-nm LLRL for 1 year can slow progression of SER and AL without safety concerns identified. Confirmation of these findings at independent sites seems warranted, as well as determining whether these effects can be sustained with or without continued treatment and whether LLRL has any effect on pathological myopia.Trial RegistrationChiCTR2200058963
COVID-19 Vaccine–Associated Uveitis in Patients With a History of Uveitis
Authors: Kim Jiyeong , Kwon Hyeon Yoon , Ahn Seong Joon 
Published: April 2024

ImportanceUnderstanding the potential risk of uveitis recurrence after COVID-19 vaccination in individuals with a history of uveitis is crucial for vaccination strategies and clinical monitoring.ObjectiveTo investigate the risk of uveitis recurrence after COVID-19 vaccination in a cohort of individuals with a history of uveitis.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective population-based cohort study included individuals diagnosed with uveitis between January 1, 2015, and February 25, 2021, in South Korea. After excluding individuals without COVID-19 vaccination or with SARS-CoV-2 infection, individuals with a history of uveitis who had received at least 1 dose of a messenger RNA (BNT162b2 [Pfizer-BioNTech] or mRNA-1273 [Moderna]) or adenovirus vector-based (ChAdOx1 [AstraZeneca] or Ad26.COV2.S [Janssen]) COVID-19 vaccine were included. Data were analyzed from February 26, 2021, to December 31, 2022.ExposureDemographic and clinical data, along with vaccination details, were retrieved from the Korean National Health Insurance Service and Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency databases.Main Outcomes and MeasuresOutcomes of interest were incidence and risk of postvaccination uveitis in association with different COVID-19 vaccines and periods before and after COVID-19 vaccination. Uveitis was categorized by onset (early, within 30 days, or delayed) and type (anterior or nonanterior). Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs were calculated to evaluate the risk of uveitis following COVID-19 vaccination, stratified according to vaccine type and vaccination period.ResultsOf 543 737 individuals with history of uveitis, 473 934 individuals (mean [SD] age, 58.9 [17.4] years; 243 127 [51.3] female) had documented COVID-19 vaccination and were included in analysis. The cumulative incidence of postvaccination uveitis was 8.6% at 3 months, 12.5% at 6 months, and 16.8% at 1 year, predominantly of the anterior type. Variations in the risk of postvaccination uveitis were observed across different vaccines and intervaccination periods. The risk of early postvaccination uveitis was increased for individuals receiving the BNT162b2 (HR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.52-1.86), mRNA-1273 (HR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.21-1.89), ChAdOx1 (HR, 1.60; 95% CI, 1.43-1.79), and Ad26.COV2.S (HR, 2.07; 95% CI, 1.40-3.07) vaccines. The risk of uveitis was higher particularly between the first and second vaccination doses (HR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.55-1.73).Conclusions and RelevanceThese findings suggest that there was an elevated risk of uveitis following COVID-19 vaccination, with the vaccine type and period mediating this risk. For individuals with a history of uveitis, clinicians should consider the potential risk of uveitis recurrence in vaccination strategies and clinical monitoring.
Electrical line fault prediction using a novel grey wolf optimization algorithm based on multilayer perceptron
Authors: Zhang Yufei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGrey wolf optimization algorithm (GWO) has achieved great results in the optimization of neural network parameters. However, it has some problems such as insufficient precision, poor robustness, weak searching ability and easy to fall into local optimal solution. Therefore, a grey wolf optimization algorithm combining Levy flight and nonlinear inertia weights (LGWO) is proposed in this paper. The combination of Levy flight and nonlinear inertia weight is to improve the search efficiency and solve the problem that the search ability is weak and it is easy to fall into the local optimal solution. In summary, LGWO solves the problems of insufficient precision, poor robustness, weak searching ability and easy to fall into local optimal. This paper uses Congress on Evolutionary Computation benchmark function and combines algorithms with neural network for power line fault classification prediction to verify the effectiveness of each strategy improvement in LGWO and its comparison with other excellent algorithms (sine cosine algorithm, tree seed algorithm, wind driven optimization, and gravitational search algorithm). In the combination of neural networks and optimization algorithms, the accuracy of LGWO has been improved compared to the basic GWO, and LGWO has achieved the best performance in multiple algorithm comparisons.
Lyapunov stability analysis and FIL implementation for boundary‐based hybrid controller in boost converter
Authors: Patel Hardik , Shah Ankit 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a comprehensive stability analysis of the boundary‐based hybrid control (BBHC) algorithm designed for boost converter. The stability assessment is carried out utilizing multiple Lyapunov functions, addressing both continuous conduction mode (CCM) and discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) operation. The boost converter is modeled as a hybrid automaton to capture its dynamic behavior accurately. Through rigorous Lyapunov stability analysis, this study demonstrates the effectiveness of the BBHC algorithm in ensuring stable operation of the boost converter across various operating modes. Additionally, the proposed control algorithm's validation is conducted using the FPGA‐in‐the‐loop (FIL) technique, highlighting its efficiency and robustness in real‐world applications. This research contributes valuable insights into the design and implementation of stable control strategies for boost converter, emphasizing the practical utility of the BBHC algorithm with FIL for enhanced performance and reliability in power electronics systems.
Low‐Temperature Dual‐Material Area‐Selective Deposition: Molybdenum Hexafluoride‐Mediated SiO2 Fluorination/Passivation for Self‐Aligned Molybdenum/Metal Oxide Nanoribbons
Authors: Oh Hwan , Thelven Jeremy M. , Margavio Hannah R. M. , Parsons Gregory N. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractArea‐selective deposition (ASD) is a forefront nanopatterning technique gaining substantial attention in the semiconductor industry. While current research primarily addresses single‐material ASD, exploring multi‐material ASD is essential for mitigating complexity in advanced nanopatterning. This study describes molybdenum hexafluoride (MoF6)‐mediated fluorination/passivation of the hydroxylated SiO2 (SiO2‒OH) at 250 °C as a new method to pacify nucleation during subsequent ZnO and TiO2 atomic layer deposition (ALD). In contrast, Al2O3 ALD is not passivated on the fluorinated SiO2 (SiO2‒F). The study further shows that Mo ALD using MoF6 and silane (1 wt% SiH4 in Ar) selectively proceeds on hydrogen‐terminated Si (Si‒H), whereas SiO2‒OH becomes fluorine‐passivated without observable Mo deposition. This enables subsequent ZnO and TiO2 ASD on Mo versus SiO2‒F, as confirmed by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). Proposed growth and inhibition mechanisms highlight the importance of the metal oxide precursor in achieving selectivity. Taken together, self‐aligned Mo/ZnO and Mo/TiO2 nanoribbons are demonstrated on coplanar nanoscale Si‒H/SiO2‒OH patterns by sequentially integrating two individual ASD processes: 1) Mo ASD on Si‒H versus SiO2‒OH; and 2) ZnO or TiO2 ASD on Mo versus SiO2‒F. This work highlights the potential for this approach in new ASD systems.
From Single Metals to High‐Entropy Alloys: How Machine Learning Accelerates the Development of Metal Electrocatalysts
Authors: Fan Xinyu , Chen Letian , Huang Dulin , Tian Yun , Zhang Xu , Jiao Menggai , Zhou Zhen 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe rapid advancement of high‐performance computing and artificial intelligence technology has opened up novel avenues for the development of various metal electrocatalysts. In particular, dilute and high‐entropy alloys have garnered significant attention owing to their unique electronic and spatial structures, as well as their exceptional electrocatalytic performance. Commencing with the exploration of single‐atom alloy catalysts, the latest advancements in machine learning (ML) techniques are presented for the efficient screening of a broad spectrum of metal spaces. Subsequently, the review delves into the prevailing trend in alloy research, focusing specifically on rare‐metal alloy electrocatalysts, and offers an overview of the progress and outcomes achieved through the application of ML in these domains. Finally, high‐entropy alloys are highlighted as a promising category of electrocatalysts and underscore the importance and potential applications of ML in addressing complex and challenging research issues are underscored.
A Copper/Ferrous‐Engineering Redox Homeostasis Disruptor for Cuproptosis/Ferroptosis Co‐Activated Nanocatalytic Therapy in Liver Cancer
Authors: Zhang Xiaoling , Zhu Jiuxin , Wang Sihao , Li Siyi , E Jiaoting , Hu Jiahe , Mou Ruishu , Ding He , Yang Piaoping , Xie Rui 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCuproptosis and ferroptosis hold great promise for overcoming apoptotic resistance in liver cancer based on their unique metal‐driven cell death modalities. However, insufficient intracellular copper and iron concentration, complicated tumor microenvironment (TME), and unclear cross‐regulatory mechanisms between cuproptosis and ferroptosis, severely restrict the therapeutic performance. Herein, copper‐doped hollow Prussian blue (CHP) nanozymes are rationally designed for loading photosensitizer indocyanine green (ICG) and O2‐saturated perfluorohexane (PFH), denoted as O2‐PFH@CHPI nanoparticles, to induce cuproptosis and ferroptosis. In response to the specific TME, the CHP nanozymes can synergistically catalyze Fenton reactions and consume endogenous glutathione, leading to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Upon near‐infrared irradiation, the O2‐PFH@CHPI‐enabled photothermal effect can simultaneously accelerate catalytic reactions and trigger O2 release for photodynamic therapy to promote oxidative stress. Notably, cuproptosis can be effectively activated through Cu+‐mediated dihydrolipoamide S‐acetyltransferase aggregation and Fe–S cluster protein loss. Concurrently, the tilt of redox balance is favorable for lipid peroxidation and glutathione peroxidase 4 inactivation, resulting in an augmented ferroptosis effect. Mechanistically, oxidative stress‐boosted cuproptosis and ferroptosis jointly disrupt mitochondrial metabolism, which in turn exacerbates intracellular oxidative stress, thus realizing a mutually enhanced therapeutic effect. This work may provide new guidance for utilizing copper/ferrous‐engineering nanozymes for cuproptosis/ferroptosis synergetic therapy.