bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ethyl acetate fraction of Sargassum pallidum extract attenuates particulate matterinduced oxidative stress and inflammation in keratinocytes and zebrafish
Authors: Kim Chul Wook , Park Ji-Won , Yun Bohyun , Lee WonWoo , Choi Kyung-Min , Lee Seung-Hong 
Published: April 2024

Objective:
To evaluate the effect of the ethyl acetate fraction derived from Sargassum pallidum extract against particulate matter (PM)-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in HaCaT cells and zebrafish.

Methods:
HaCaT cells and zebrafish were used to evaluate the protective effects of the ethyl acetate fraction of Sargassum pallidum extract against PM-induced oxidative stress and inflammation. The production of nitric oxide (NO), intracellular ROS, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the expression levels of COX-2, iNOS, and NF-κB were evaluated in PM-induced HaCaT cells. Furthermore, the levels of ROS, NO, and lipid peroxidation were assessed in the PM-exposed zebrafish model.

Results:
The ethyl acetate fraction of Sargassum pallidum extract significantly decreased the production of NO, intracellular ROS, and PGE2 in PM-induced HaCaT cells. In addition, the fraction markedly suppressed the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inhibited the expression levels of COX-2, iNOS, and NF-κB. Furthermore, it displayed remarkable protective effects against PM-induced inflammatory response and oxidative stress, represented by the reduction of NO, ROS, and lipid peroxidation in zebrafish.

Conclusions:
The ethyl acetate fraction of Sargassum pallidum extract exhibits a protective effect against PM-induced oxidative stress and inflammation both in vitro and in vivo and has the potential as a candidate for the development of pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical products.
Fertility, family planning methods and autonomy among women in Delhi
Authors: Sharma Kirti , Kumar Naveen , Kshatriya Gautam K. , Deb Roumi 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Women’s autonomy is defined as the ability to regulate one’s environment with the help of social and material resources. This autonomy is intricately linked to various reproductive health outcomes, including reduced fertility, increased contraceptive usage and access to prenatal care. It can be understood as the ability of women to oversee and manage their surroundings independently, allowing them to make decisions about their lifestyle, irrespective of societal opinions.

Aims and Objectives:
This study explored the association between fertility, family planning methods (FPMs) and autonomy amongst women in Delhi.

Materials and Methods:
The data for the present study were collected from 400 married women aged 15–45 years old residing in Delhi. A face to face interview was conducted using a semi structured schedule to collect quantitative and qualitative data.
Results: The findings revealed that the autonomy level of women was found to be low (13.75%), medium (56.5%) and high (29.75%). Respondents with low autonomy status (47.27%) were illiterate or had a primary level of education. Women with low autonomy have a more significant number of conceptions than medium and high autonomy women, resulting in increased live births amongst low autonomy women. In addition, participants with low levels of autonomy were less aware of FPMs. The study underscored the influence of women’s social position, as reflected in factors such as education, occupation and the economic status of the family, on fertility and contraceptive usage.

Conclusion:
The findings of this study indicate that women exhibiting lower autonomy levels tend to possess lower educational attainment, experience a higher frequency of conceptions, demonstrate limited knowledge about contraception and show lower rates of employment.
Buyang Huanwu Decoction Alleviates Atherosclerosis by Regulating gut Microbiome and Metabolites in Apolipoprotein E-deficient Mice fed with High-fat Diet
Authors: Yu Qun , Zhang Yilin , Zeng Wenyun , Sun Yingxin , Zhang Xiaolu , Guo Lin , Zhang Yue , Yu Bin , Guo Maojuan , Wang Yu , Li Huhu , Suo Yanrong , Jiang Xijuan , Song Lili 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The traditional Chinese herbal prescription Buyang Huanwu decoction (BHD), effectively treats atherosclerosis. However, the mechanism of BHD in atherosclerosis remains unclear. We aimed to determine whether BHD could alleviate atherosclerosis by altering the microbiome-associated metabolic changes in atherosclerotic mice. An atherosclerotic model was established in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice fed high-fat diet, and BHD was administered through gavage for 12 weeks at 8.4 g/kg/d and 16.8 g/kg/d. The atherosclerotic plaque size, composition, serum lipid profile, and inflammatory cytokines, were assessed. Mechanistically, metabolomic and microbiota profiles were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and 16S rRNA gene sequencing, respectively. Furthermore, intestinal microbiota and atherosclerosis-related metabolic parameters were correlated using Spearman analysis. Atherosclerotic mice treated with BHD exhibited reduced plaque area, aortic lumen occlusion, and lipid accumulation in the aortic root. Nine perturbed serum metabolites were significantly restored along with the relative abundance of microbiota at the family and genus levels but not at the phylum level. Gut microbiome improvement was strongly negatively correlated with improved metabolite levels. BHD treatment effectively slows the progression of atherosclerosis by regulating altered intestinal microbiota and perturbed metabolites.
Application of 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging radiomics in the differential diagnosis of single-nodule pulmonary metastases and second primary lung cancer in patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Yu Yu , Zhu Jing , Sang Shibiao , Yang Yi , Zhang Bin , Deng Shengming 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTObjective:It is crucially essential to differentially diagnose single-nodule pulmonary metastases (SNPMs) and second primary lung cancer (SPLC) in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), which has important clinical implications for treatment strategies. In this study, we aimed to establish a feasible differential diagnosis model by combining18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography (18F-FDG PET) radiomics, computed tomography (CT) radiomics, and clinical features.Materials and Methods:CRC patients with SNPM or SPLC who underwent18F-FDG PET/CT from January 2013 to July 2022 were enrolled in this retrospective study. The radiomic features were extracted by manually outlining the lesions on PET/CT images, and the radiomic modeling was realized by various screening methods and classifiers. In addition, clinical features were analyzed by univariate analysis and logistic regression (LR) analysis to be included in the combined model. Finally, the diagnostic performances of these models were illustrated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and the area under the curve (AUC).Results:We studied data from 61 patients, including 36 SNPMs and 25 SPLCs, with an average age of 65.56 ± 10.355 years. Spicule sign and ground-glass opacity (GGO) were significant independent predictors of clinical features (P= 0.012 andP< 0.001, respectively) to build the clinical model. We achieved a PET radiomic model (AUC = 0.789), a CT radiomic model (AUC = 0.818), and a PET/CT radiomic model (AUC = 0.900). The PET/CT radiomic models were combined with the clinical model, and a well-performing model was established by LR analysis (AUC = 0.940).Conclusions:For CRC patients, the radiomic models we developed had good performance for the differential diagnosis of SNPM and SPLC. The combination of radiomic and clinical features had better diagnostic value than a single model.
Efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant therapy in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yan Yu , Wu Danzhu , Wang Weizhen , Lv Yajuan , Yang Liyuan , Liu Yinglong , Dong Peng , Yu Xinshuang 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTObjective:To determine the effectiveness and safety of neoadjuvant therapy in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs) and provide evidence-based suggestions for clinical treatment.Methods:The Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science were searched for articles published that analyzed the effectiveness and safety of GEP-NEN-targeted neoadjuvant therapy before March 2023. A confidence interval (CI) of 95%, a subgroup analysis, heterogeneity, and effect size (ES) were analyzed, and a meta-analysis of the literature was performed using the Stata BE17 software.Results:A total of 417 patients from 13 studies were included in this meta-analysis. The primary variables comprised the objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), surgical resection rate, and R0 resection rate with ES values of 0.42 (95% CI: 0.25–0.60), 0.96 (95% CI: 0.93–0.99), 0.67 (95% CI: 0.50–0.84), and 0.60 (95% CI: 0.54–0.67), respectively. The secondary variables were the incidence rates of treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs), Grade 3 or higher TRAEs, and surgical complications with ES values of 0.29 (95% CI: -0.03–0.21), 0.13 (95% CI: -0.07–0.33), and 0.35 (95% CI: 0.27–0.44), respectively.Conclusion:Neoadjuvant therapy is an effective and safe treatment method for GEP-NENs. However, further studies are required to determine the optimal regimen for this therapy in these tumors.
Outcomes, responses, and prognostic analyses of intrathecal combined treatment for leptomeningeal metastasis from lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Huang Sijie , Kang Xun , Wang Ce , Zhang Weichunbai , Jiang Jing , Kang Zhuang , Yang Shoubo , Chen Jinyi , Chen Feng , Li Wenbin 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) is a severe lung cancer complication, with potentially fatal consequences. The use of intrathecal therapy (IT) combined with systemic therapy has shown promise as a treatment approach for LM. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the features and responses to IT combined therapy and identify determinants affecting patients with leptomeningeal metastasis resulting from lung adenocarcinoma (LM-LA).

Methods:
A retrospective analysis of medical records from our hospital database was performed, covering from April 2018 to August 2022, for 37 patients diagnosed with LM-LA and treated with IT combined therapy. Patients who received IT combined therapy for LM-LA were evaluated for demographic characteristics, treatment efficacy, survival, and variables that impacted them.

Results:
The median overall survival (mOS) of 37 patients was 16.0 months, and the survival rates at 6 and 12 months were 75.7% and 35.1%, respectively. Among the 21 patients with LM-LA who received IT combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), the mOS was 17.0 months, which was significantly longer than that of patients treated with IT combined with chemotherapy (7.0 months, P = 0.010) and the best supportive care (6.0 months, P = 0.001). However, no significant survival benefit was observed in patients treated with IT combined with TKIs when compared with those treated with IT combined with PD-1 (5.0 months, P = 0.249). Multivariate analysis indicated that the combination of TKIs was an independent favorable prognostic factor for patients with LM-LA.

Conclusion:
Combination treatment is regarded as an additional option for patients with LM-LA. Compared with other combination therapies in our study, IT combined with TKI therapy provided a better survival outcome for patients with LM-LA.
Stem-like CD8 T cells in stage I lung adenocarcinoma as a prognostic biomarker: A preliminary study
Authors: Sang Jing , Liu Peng , Wang Meixiang , Xu Fengkuo , Ma Ji , Wei Zhigang , Ye Xin 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
This study aimed to investigate the presence of stem-like CD8 T (CD8 TSL) cells in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and explore their relationships with the clinical outcomes.

Methods:
Multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF) was performed to identify CD8 TSL and antigen-presenting cells (APC) in 76 LUAD patients. Differences in the number of CD8 TSL cells based on tumor stage and the spatial relationships between CD8 TSL cells and APC niches were determined. The optimal cutoff value of CD8 TSL cells for predicting survival in patients with stage I LUAD was calculated.

Results:
CD8 TSL cells were present in all tumors, and their numbers were significantly higher in stage I patients than in stage III patients (P = 0.010); CD8 TSL cells located in the APC niches accounted for 69.7% (53/76) of the hotspot fields. The optimal cutoff value for the number of CD8 TSL cells required to predict the overall survival (OS) in patients with stage I LUAD was 2.5 per 10000 μm2. The median OS and progression-free survival (PFS) in the high-level group (>2.5) were significantly (P < 0.001) longer than those in the low-level group (≤2.5). The number of CD8 TSL cells was an independent prognostic factor for stage I LUAD. Patients with more CD8 TSL cells had a lower risk of death and disease progression than those with less CD8 TSL cells.

Conclusion:
CD8 TSL cells were observed in patients with stages I–III LUAD and might serve as prognostic biomarkers for stage I LUAD.
Effect of stability of PTEN on hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Hu Yilin , Mei Hongliang , Luan Tianji , Sun Huiling , Lu Qiping , Liu Rong 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
As an antioncogene gene, phosphataseandtensinhomolog (PTEN) is closely related to tumorigenesis. However, after mutation, PTEN will lose its function and no longer exert a tumor suppression effect. Through this research, we explored the impact of PTEN mutation on hepatic carcinoma (HCC) and the mechanism of PTEN for regulating HCC.

Methods:
First, bioinformatics was used to analyze the prognosis of PTEN in HCC. PTEN-related genes were then further analyzed by the LinkedOmics database, and GO and KEGG functional enrichment analysis were performed. Next, databases were utilized to predict the mutation and mutation frequency of PTEN. Eventually, CRISPR-Cas12a was applied to detect the R130Q mutation on PTEN in clinical samples of HCC. Finally, the fact that miR-92a-3p targets PTEN was identified by dual luciferase reporter gene assays, RT-qPCR, western blot, and rescue experiments.

Results:
Bioinformatics analysis indicated the high mutation frequency of R130Q/G/L* site on the PTEN gene. Through CRISPR-Cas12a, R130Q mutation was detected on PTEN in 26 out of 40 clinical samples of HCC.

Conclusions:
On the one hand, our study revealed that CRISPR-Cas12a might play an important role in the screening and prognosis of HCC as a new clinical method to detect PTEN mutation.
Development of accreditation modules based on hospital types in Iran: Protocol for a mixed methods study
Authors: Ghaffarian Ali , Cheraghi Azam , Ferdosi Masoud 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Among different tools, accreditation is widely used worldwide to improve the quality and safety of hospital services. In Iran, as in many other countries, the same accreditation standards apply to all hospitals, regardless of their size and type of activity. This has given rise to many problems for hospitals.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
We will conduct this study in three phases: In the first phase, relevant individuals are interviewed to identify challenges caused to hospitals by applying the same standards for all types of hospitals and clarify issues that could be removed or changed in small hospitals. In the second phase, a scoping review is conducted on the literature about accreditation models worldwide. The first and second phases are conducted simultaneously, and a new accreditation model for Iran hospitals is derived by combining their results. In the final phase, using the Delphi technique, the obtained model and accreditation modules are verified during Delphi rounds.

DISCUSSION:
A more appropriate accreditation model that matches the characteristics of the target hospitals could be the output of this study. It is expected that the model could improve the process of evaluating the quality of hospital services through the accreditation tool.
Home-based supportive and health care services based on functional ability in older adults in Iran
Authors: Mobasseri Khorshid , Matlabi Hossein , Allahverdipour Hamid , Kousha Ahmad 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Home-based care is affordable due to population aging, increased chronic disease, and higher hospitalization costs. The objective was to evaluate home-based supportive and health care services provided to older adults and identify possible associations between activities of daily living (ADLs), instrumental ADL (IADLs) classifications, sociodemographic variables, clinical characteristics, and perceived social support among older adults.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
In this cross-sectional study, 700 people aged 60 years and older were selected by stratified cluster sampling. Areas of Tabriz City were selected as clusters, and 55 comprehensive urban health centers were selected as stratifies. Chi-square, Pearson’s and Spearman’s tests, and multiple linear regression were used for statistical analyses. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 24.0, SPSS Inc., Chicago, USA). The study instrument included demographic characteristics of older adults and caregivers, health services provided at home, and two valid questionnaires, including the KATZ index of independence in (instrumental) activities of daily living and a multidimensional scale of perceived social support. Scores on scales and demographic variables were collected during telephone interviews. The study lasted from April 25, 2022, to October 30, 2022.

RESULTS:
A high level of perceived social support was 56.6%. The study found that 51.3% of participants had family caregivers. Most participants had ADL independence (85.4%), while 22.9% and 24.3% were dependent and needed assistance with IADL, respectively. Women had a lower ADL score and a higher IADL score than men (P < 0.05). The obtained results of multiple regression analysis revealed a negative and significant association between unemployment, illiteracy, increasing age, five and more medications, and ADL and IADL dependency (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION:
Empowering older adults to reduce dependency, and designing a formal home-based care system is recommended.
The effect of full-spectrum cannabis leaf extract on pain, inflammation, and quality of sleep: Case series
Authors: Mishra Vaibhav , Puri Arzoo , Sharma Kartik 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Inflammation and pain are two of the most typical signs of a pain syndrome. Conventional treatments have been related to an increase in adverse effects like gastrointestinal issues. Medical cannabis (MC) has gained popularity as a new alternative treatment for pain syndrome patients. We hereby present a series of five cases with comparable clinical symptoms. All patients had raised C-reactive protein levels, severe pain, insomnia, and varying degrees of muscle stiffness. The patients were prescribed Cannazo India’s Painaid 3000 mg/15 mL, full-spectrum MC leaf extract-based tincture. The oil-based tincture was given sublingually at night for 1 month, and the initial dose of 5–10 drops was gradually reduced owing to Painaid’s rapid pain relief and anti-inflammatory actions. For symptom assessment, the screening tools Numeric Pain Rating Scale, Ashworth Scale, and Regensburg Insomnia Scale were employed. This study’s primary result was a 70%–99% reduction in pain, spasticity, and inflammation. There were no documented side effects. In addition, the patients’ sleep patterns and sleep quality improved with time. In a nutshell, full-spectrum cannabis extract-based medicines like Painaid, when taken as indicated, are the key in treating pain conditions.
Efficacy of Fibro-Gide® in coronally advanced flap for the treatment of multiple gingival recession: A prospective clinical study
Authors: Harris Johnmanohar Johnisha , Navya Paladugu Devi , Rajasekar Arvina 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Aim:
The study aims to compare connective tissue graft (CTG) with Fibro-Gide® as an adjunct to the coronally advanced flap (CAF) technique for treating class I and class II gingival recession based on Miller’s classification.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 30 participants with bilateral Miller’s class I or class II multiple gingival recession contributing to 60 multiple gingival recession sites were enrolled in this prospective clinical study. Recession sites were categorized into two groups. Group 1 (CAF+ CTG; n = 30 sites) and group 2 (CAF+ Fibro-Gide®; n = 30 sites). Clinical parameters, such as gingival recession depth (GRD), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), gingival recession width (GRW), and keratinized tissue (KT) were evaluated at baseline, 3 months, and 12 months. Statistical analysis was performed for intergroup comparison using an independent t test and for intra-group comparison using paired t test.

Results:
At baseline, the mean GRD for groups 1 and 2 were 3.5 ± 0.8 and 3.4 ± 0.8, whereas GRW for group 1 and group 2 were 3.1 ± 0.1 and 3.1 ± 0.2 respectively. At 12-month follow-up, the reduction in GRD and GRW was statistically significant. The gain of KT accounted to 3.9 ± 5.5 and 3.0 ± 0.8 in group 1 and group 2, respectively, but CAL showed a significant decrease from 5.4 ± 1.02 and 5.4 ± 1.03 to 2.3 ± 0.7 and 2.4 ± 0.7 in group 1 and group 2, respectively.

Conclusion:
Fibro-Gide® along with CAF improved gingival recession in terms of depth and width as comparable with those of CTG. In terms of KT, CTG has better long-term stability than Fibro-Gide® when combined with the CAF technique in treating multiple gingival recessions.
In vivo comparative assessment of bracket bond failure rates of single-component adhesives
Authors: Kumar Arshya A , Jain Ravindra Kumar , Prasanna Aravind T R 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background:
Single-component adhesives do not require the application of a primer on the enamel surface that has been etched and has been reported to have acceptable shear bond strengths on in vitro evaluation.

Aim:
This split-mouth study aimed to examine and assess the rates of bracket bond failure of hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA)-based (Aqualine LC) and bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate (BisGMA)-based (Orthofix SPA) single-component adhesives used to bond orthodontic brackets over 6 months.

Materials and Methods:
This in vivo study involved the participation of 50 adult subjects, with 1080 metallic brackets directly bonded to the labial/facial surface in a split-mouth design. After 6 months of treatment, 49 patients with 490 brackets bonded using a HEMA-based adhesive and 490 brackets bonded using a BisGMA-based adhesive were evaluated for bracket bond failures. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were done to compare the results.

Results:
The overall bracket bond failure rate (BFR) with single-component adhesives was 6.02%. Bracket BFRs of HEMA-based and BisGMA-based adhesives were 4.16% and 7.8%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Significant differences in BFRs between maxillary teeth (4.28%) and mandibular teeth (7.75%) were noted (P < 0.05). No significant differences in bond failures between either side or region were noted.

Conclusion:
Bond failures were more in brackets bonded with BisGMA-based adhesive (Orthofix SPA) compared with HEMA-based adhesive (Aqualine LC). Bond failures were less in the maxillary arch.