bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of the transverse acetabular ligament for acetabular component orientation in total hip replacement
Authors: Kalteis T. , Sendtner E. , Beverland D. , Archbold P. A. , Hube R. , Schuster T. , Renkawitz T. , Grifka J. 
Published: July 2011

Orientation of the native acetabular plane as defined by the transverse acetabular ligament (TAL) and the posterior labrum was measured intra-operatively using computer-assisted navigation in 39 hips. In order to assess the influence of alignment on impingement, the range of movement was calculated for that defined by the TAL and the posterior labrum and compared with a standard acetabular component position (abduction 45°/anteversion 15°).With respect to the registration of the plane defined by the TAL and the posterior labrum, there was moderate interobserver agreement (r = 0.64, p < 0.001) and intra-observer reproducibility (r = 0.73, p < 0.001). The mean acetabular component orientation achieved was abduction of 41° (32° to 51°) and anteversion of 18° (−1° to 36°). With respect to the Lewinnek safe zone (abduction 40° ±10°, anteversion 15° ±10°), 35 of the 39 acetabular components were within this zone. However, there was no improvement in the range of movement (p = 0.94) and no significant difference in impingement (p = 0.085).Alignment of the acetabular component with the TAL and the posterior labrum might reduce the variability of acetabular component placement in total hip replacement. However, there is only a moderate interobserver agreement and intra-observer reliability in the alignment of the acetabular component using the TAL and the posterior labrum. No reduction in impingement was found when the acetabular component was aligned with the TAL and the posterior labrum, compared with a standard acetabular component position.
Distal tibial fracture repair in a neurofibromatosis type 1-deficient mouse treated with recombinant bone morphogenetic protein and a bisphosphonate
Authors: Schindeler A. , Birke O. , Yu N. Y. C. , Morse A. , Ruys A. , Baldock P. A. , Little D. G. 
Published: July 2011

Congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia is an uncommon manifestation of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), but one that remains difficult to treat due to anabolic deficiency and catabolic excess. Bone grafting and more recently recombinant human bone morphogenetic proteins (rhBMPs) have been identified as pro-anabolic stimuli with the potential to improve the outcome after surgery. As an additional pharmaceutical intervention, we describe the combined use of rhBMP-2 and the bisphosphonate zoledronic acid in a mouse model of NF1-deficient fracture repair. Fractures were generated in the distal tibiae of neurofibromatosis type 1-deficient (Nf1+/−) mice and control mice. Fractures were open and featured periosteal stripping. All mice received 10 μg rhBMP-2 delivered in a carboxymethylcellulose carrier around the fracture as an anabolic stimulus. Bisphosphonate-treated mice also received five doses of 0.02 mg/kg zoledronic acid given by intraperitoneal injection. When only rhBMP but no zoledronic acid was used to promote repair, 75% of fractures in Nf1+/− mice remained ununited at three weeks compared with 7% of controls (p < 0.001). Systemic post-operative administration of zoledronic acid halved the rate of ununited fractures to 37.5% (p < 0.07). These data support the concept that preventing bone loss in combination with anabolic stimulation may improve the outcome following surgical treatment for children with congenital pseudarthoris of the tibia and NF1.
Operativeversusnon-operative treatment of acute rupture of tendo Achillis
Authors: Keating J. F. , Will E. M. 
Published: July 2011

A total of 80 patients with an acute rupture of tendo Achillis were randomised to operative repair using an open technique (39 patients) or non-operative treatment in a cast (41 patients). Patients were followed up for one year. Outcome measures included clinical complications, range of movement of the ankle, the Short Musculoskeletal Function Assessment (SMFA), and muscle function dynamometry evaluating dorsiflexion and plantar flexion of the ankle. The primary outcome measure was muscle dynamometry.Re-rupture occurred in two of 37 patients (5%) in the operative group and four of 39 (10%) in the non-operative group, which was not statistically significant (p = 0.68). There was a slightly greater range of plantar flexion and dorsiflexion of the ankle in the operative group at three months which was not statistically significant, but at four and six months the range of dorsiflexion was better in the non-operative group, although this did not reach statistically significance either. After 12 weeks the peak torque difference of plantar flexion compared with the normal side was less in the operative than the non-operative group (47% vs 61%, respectively, p < 0.005). The difference declined to 26% and 30% at 26 weeks and 20% and 25% at 52 weeks, respectively. The difference in dorsiflexion peak torque from the normal side was less than 10% by 26 weeks in both groups, with no significant differences. The mean SMFA scores were significantly better in the operative group than the non-operative group at three months (15 vs 20, respectively, p < 0.03). No significant differences were observed after this, and at one year the scores were similar in both groups.We were unable to show a convincing functional benefit from surgery for patients with an acute rupture of the tendo Achillis compared with conservative treatment in plaster.
Arthroscopic treatment of labral tears in femoroacetabular impingement
Authors: Schilders E. , Dimitrakopoulou A. , Bismil Q. , Marchant P. , Cooke C. 
Published: July 2011

Labral tears are commonly associated with femoroacetabular impingement. We reviewed 151 patients (156 hips) with femoroacetabular impingement and labral tears who had been treated arthroscopically. These were subdivided into those who had undergone a labral repair (group 1) and those who had undergone resection of the labrum (group 2). In order to ensure the groups were suitably matched for comparison of treatment effects, patients with advanced degenerative changes (Tönnis grade > 2, lateral sourcil height < 2 mm and Outerbridge grade 4 changes in the weight-bearing area of the femoral head) were excluded, leaving 96 patients (101 hips) in the study. At a mean follow-up of 2.44 years (2 to 4), the mean modified Harris hip score in the labral repair group (group 1, 69 hips) improved from 60.2 (24 to 85) pre-operatively to 93.6 (55 to 100), and in the labral resection group (group 2, 32 hips) from 62.8 (29 to 96) pre-operatively to 88.8 (35 to 100). The mean modified Harris hip score in the labral repair group was 7.3 points greater than in the resection group (p = 0.036, 95% confidence interval 0.51 to 14.09). Labral detachments were found more frequently in the labral repair group and labral flap tears in the resection group. No patient in our study group required a subsequent hip replacement during the period of follow-up.This study shows that patients without advanced degenerative changes in the hip can achieve significant improvement in their symptoms after arthroscopic treatment of femoroacetabular impingement. Where appropriate, labral repair provides a superior result to labral resection.
Clinical outcome and quality of life after surgery for peri-acetabular metastases
Authors: Ji T. , Guo W. , Yang R.-L. , Tang S. , Sun X. 
Published: July 2011

We set out to determine the impact of surgery on quality of life and function in patients who had undergone surgery for symptomatic peri-acetabular metastases. From a prospective database we retrospectively reviewed 46 consecutive patients who had been treated operatively between June 2003 and June 2009. The mean age of the patients was 56.4 years (20 to 73) and the mean post-operative follow-up was 19.2 months (4 to 70). Functional evaluation and quality-of-life assessments were performed. At the most recent follow-up, 26 patients (56.5%) were alive. Their median survival time was 25.0 months. Ten major postoperative complications had occurred in eight patients (17.4%). The mean post-operative Musculoskeletal Tumor Society score (MSTS 93) was 56.3% (6.7% to 90.0%). Improvement in the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status was seen in 32 patients (69.6%). On the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer core quality-of-life questionnaire (QLQ-C30) measure of global health status there was a statistically significant improvement from the patients’ pre-operative status (42.8 (sd 13.7)) to that found at the latest follow-up (58.0 (sd 12.5)) (p = 0.001). The only statistically significant change in the nine symptom domains of the QLQ-C30 was a reduction in the mean level of pain (from 59.1 to 29.5 (out of 100)) (p < 0.001). Surgery for patients with peri-acetabular metastases reduces pain and improves their quality of life, and has a low rate of surgical complications.
Fixation of pathological humeral fractures by the cemented plate technique
Authors: Weiss K. R. , Bhumbra R. , Biau D. J. , Griffin A. M. , Deheshi B. , Wunder J. S. , Ferguson P. C. 
Published: July 2011

Pathological fractures of the humerus are associated with pain, morbidity, loss of function and a diminished quality of life. We report our experience of stabilising these fractures using polymethylmethacrylate and non-locking plates. We undertook a retrospective review over 20 years of patients treated at a tertiary musculoskeletal oncology centre. Those who had undergone surgery for an impending or completed pathological humeral fracture with a diagnosis of metastatic disease or myeloma were identified from our database. There were 63 patients (43 men, 20 women) in the series with a mean age of 63 years (39 to 87). All had undergone intralesional curettage of the tumour followed by fixation with intramedullary polymethylmethacrylate and plating. Complications occurred in 14 patients (22.2%) and seven (11.1%) required re-operation. At the latest follow-up, 47 patients (74.6%) were deceased and 16 (25.4%) were living with a mean follow-up of 75 months (1 to 184). A total of 54 (86%) patients had no or mild pain and 50 (80%) required no or minimal assistance with activities of daily living. Of the 16 living patients none had pain and all could perform activities of daily living without assistance. Intralesional resection of the tumour, filling of the cavity with cement, and plate stabilisation of the pathological fracture gives immediate rigidity and allows an early return of function without the need for bony union. The patient’s local disease burden is reduced, which may alleviate tumour-related pain and slow the progression of the disease. The cemented-plate technique provides a reliable option for the treatment of pathological fractures of the humerus.
A randomised study of peri-prosthetic bone density after cementedversustrabecular fixation of a polyethylene acetabular component
Authors: Periasamy K. , Watson W. S. , Mohammed A. , Murray H. , Walker B. , Patil S. , Meek R. M. D. 
Published: July 2011

The ideal acetabular component is characterised by reliable, long-term fixation with physiological loading of bone and a low rate of wear. Trabecular metal is a porous construct of tantalum which promotes bony ingrowth, has a modulus of elasticity similar to that of cancellous bone, and should be an excellent material for fixation.Between 2004 and 2006, 55 patients were randomised to receive either a cemented polyethylene or a monobloc trabecular metal acetabular component with a polyethylene articular surface. We measured the peri-prosthetic bone density around the acetabular components for up to two years using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry.We found evidence that the cemented acetabular component loaded the acetabular bone centromedially whereas the trabecular metal monobloc loaded the lateral rim and behaved like a hemispherical rigid metal component with regard to loading of the acetabular bone. We suspect that this was due to the peripheral titanium rim used for the mechanism of insertion.
Distal metatarsal osteotomy for hallux varus following surgery for hallux valgus
Authors: Choi K. J. , Lee H. S. , Yoon Y. S. , Park S. S. , Kim J. S. , Jeong J. J. , Choi Y. R. 
Published: July 2011

We reviewed the outcome of distal chevron metatarsal osteotomy without tendon transfer in 19 consecutive patients (19 feet) with a hallux varus deformity following surgery for hallux valgus. All patients underwent distal chevron metatarsal osteotomy with medial displacement and a medial closing wedge osteotomy along with a medial capsular release.The mean hallux valgus angle improved from −11.6° pre-operatively to 4.7° postoperatively, the mean first-second intermetatarsal angle improved from −0.3° to 3.3° and the distal metatarsal articular angle from 9.5° to 2.3° and the first metatarsophalangeal joints became congruent post-operatively in all 19 feet. The mean relative length ratio of the metatarsus decreased from 1.01 to 0.99 and the mean American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society score improved from 77 to 95 points.In two patients the hallux varus recurred. One was symptom-free but the other remained symptomatic after a repeat distal chevron osteotomy. There were no other complications.We consider that distal chevron metatarsal osteotomy with a medial wedge osteotomy and medial capsular release is a useful procedure for the correction of hallux varus after surgery for hallux valgus.
Long-term results of the surgical treatment of type III acromioclavicular dislocations
Authors: Lizaur A. , Sanz-Reig J. , Gonzalez-Parreño S. 
Published: July 2011

The purpose of this study was to review the long-term outcomes of a previously reported prospective series of 46 type III acromioclavicular dislocations. These were treated surgically with temporary fixation of the acromioclavicular joint with wires, repair of the acromioclavicular ligaments, and overlapped suture of the deltoid and trapezius muscles. Of the 46 patients, one had died, four could not be traced, and three declined to return for follow-up, leaving 38 patients in the study. There were 36 men and two women, with a mean age at follow-up of 57.3 years (41 to 71). The mean follow-up was 24.2 years (21 to 26). Patients were evaluated using the Imatani and University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) scoring systems. Their subjective status was assessed using the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand and Simple Shoulder Test questionnaires, and a visual analogue scale for patient satisfaction. The examination included radiographs of the shoulder. At a follow-up of 21 years, the results were satisfactory in 35 (92.1%) patients and unsatisfactory in three (7.9%). In total, 35 patients (92.1%) reported no pain, one slight pain, and two moderate pain. All except two patients had a full range of shoulder movement compared with the opposite side. Unsatisfactory results were the result of early redisplacement in two patients, and osteoarthritis without redisplacement in one. According to the Imatani and UCLA scores, there was no difference between the operated shoulder and the opposite shoulder (p > 0.05). Given the same situation, 35 (92.1%) patients would opt for the same surgical treatment again. Operative treatment of type III acromioclavicular joint injuries produces satisfactory long-term results.
Carbamylation-Derived Products: Bioactive Compounds and Potential Biomarkers in Chronic Renal Failure and Atherosclerosis
Authors: Jaisson Stéphane , Pietrement Christine , Gillery Philippe 
Published: July 2011

BACKGROUNDCarbamylation is a posttranslational modification of proteins resulting from the nonenzymatic reaction between isocyanic acid and specific free functional groups. This reaction alters protein structural and functional properties and thus contributes to molecular ageing. Many studies have shown the involvement of carbamylated proteins in diseases, especially in chronic renal failure and atherosclerosis.CONTENTIn this review we describe the biochemical basis of the carbamylation process and its role in protein molecular ageing. We summarize the current evidence of protein carbamylation involvement in disease, identify available biomarkers of the carbamylation process and their related analytical methods, and discuss the practical relevance of these biomarkers.SUMMARYCarbamylation-induced protein alterations are involved in the progression of various diseases, because carbamylation-derived products (CDPs) are bioactive compounds that trigger specific and inappropriate cellular responses. For instance, carbamylation may promote hormone and enzyme inactivation, and carbamylated proteins, as diverse as collagen or LDLs, induce characteristic biochemical events of atherosclerosis progression. CDPs are potential biomarkers to monitor diseases characterized by an increased rate of carbamylation (e.g., chronic renal failure and atherosclerosis). Different methods (e.g., liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry and immunoassays) to measure specific carbamylated proteins or general markers of carbamylation, such as protein-bound homocitrulline, have been described. Their use in clinical practice must still be validated by appropriate clinical studies.
Snapback Primer Genotyping of the Gilbert Syndrome UGT1A1 (TA)n Promoter Polymorphism by High-Resolution Melting
Authors: Farrar Jared S , Palais Robert A , Wittwer Carl T 
Published: July 2011

BACKGROUND
Gilbert syndrome, a chronic nonhemolytic unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia, is associated with thymine–adenine (TA) insertions in the UGT1A1 (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A1) promoter. The UGT1A1 promoter genotype also correlates with toxicity induced by the chemotherapeutic drug irinotecan. Current closed-tube assays for genotyping the UGT1A1 (TA)n promoter polymorphism require multiple labeled probes and/or have difficulty classifying the (TA)5 and (TA)8 alleles.

METHODS
An unlabeled 5′ extension on one primer that creates a hairpin after asymmetric PCR was used to develop a snapback primer high-resolution melting assay for the (TA)n polymorphism. A new method that plots the local deviation from exponential decay to improve genotype clustering was used to remove background fluorescence and to analyze the data. The snapback assay was compared with small-amplicon melting and fragment length analyses in a blinded study of DNA samples from 100 African Americans.

RESULTS
Genotyping results obtained by small-amplicon melting and snapback primer melting were 83% and 99% concordant, respectively, with results obtained by fragment analysis. Reanalysis of the single discordant sample in the results of the snapback genotyping assay and the fragment analysis revealed an error in the fragment analysis. High-resolution melting was required for accurate snapback genotyping of the UGT1A1 (TA)n polymorphism. The 100% accuracy obtained with a capillary-based instrument fell to ≤81% with plate-based instruments.

CONCLUSIONS
In contrast to small-amplicon genotyping, snapback primer genotyping can distinguish all UGT1A1 promoter genotypes. Rapid-cycle PCR combined with snapback primer analysis with only 2 unlabeled PCR primers (one with a 5′ extension) and a saturating DNA dye can genotype loci with several alleles in &lt;30 min.
Characterization of presynaptic septin complexes in mammalian hippocampal neurons
Authors: Tsang Christopher W. , Estey Mathew P. , DiCiccio Jessica E. , Xie Hong , Patterson Dana , Trimble William S. 
Published: July 2011

Abstract
Septins are GTPases that form heteromeric complexes and are linked to neurological disorders. Although several septin subcomplexes have been reported in various mammalian tissues, the cellular and subcellular distribution of these complexes is largely unexplored. Using antibodies against ten mammalian septins, we show that septins diverge with respect to their tissue distribution implying that septin complexes in various tissues have unique composition. Although all ten septins examined were expressed in brain tissue, we describe septin complex(es) including SEPT3, SEPT5, SEPT6, SEPT7 and SEPT11 that could be functional within the presynapse because, unlike other septins they: (1) showed an increase in expression from embryonic day 15 to post-natal day 70, (2) were abundantly expressed in axons and growth cones of developing hippocampal neurons, (3) were found in presynaptic terminals of mature synapses, (4) were enriched in a preparation of synaptic vesicles and (5) immunoprecipitated together from brain tissue and cultured nerve cells. Knockdown of SEPT5 or SEPT7 in developing hippocampal neurons impaired axon growth. Because septins are functionally linked to the cytoskeleton and vesicle traffic, presynaptic neuronal septin complexes could be important for ensuring proper axon development and neurotransmitter release.
Characterizing perpendicular-to-grain compression (C⊥) behavior in wood construction
Authors: Basta Craig Thomas , Gupta Rakesh , Leichti Robert J. , Sinha Arijit 
Published: July 2011

Abstract
Current compression perpendicular-to-grain (C⊥) design values for wood members are based on mean stress obtained from ASTM D143 specimen. The standard ASTM test with metal on wood bearing has limited applicability in modern construction assemblies with C⊥ loading scenarios. Previous work has shown that end-bearing conditions and wood-on-wood C⊥ bearing is a more severe case as opposed to load applied over central area and metal-on-wood bearing. This study evaluated C⊥ behavior of typical assemblies used in construction, in which members experience C⊥ stresses near their longitudinal-end through wood-on-wood contact. These included assembly of the bottom chord of a truss bearing on the top plate of a wall (BC assembly) and assembly of the compression chord of a shear wall bearing on the bottom plate (BP assembly) of a wall. Three different BC assemblies were tested with varying aspect ratios (height/width) of the bottom chord (B.C.) member. For each test assembly, paired ASTM tests of the main member (bottom chord member in BC tests, and bottom plate member in BP tests) were conducted. The assembly stresses at 1 mm deflection were always lower than the corresponding ASTM stresses at the same deflection. Due to varying assembly depths, 1 mm deflection was a poor criterion for determining C⊥ stress values. For B.C. members, when loaded tangentially, they buckle in the direction of annual ring curvature. High aspect ratios accentuate this effect. Expectedly, the tendency to buckle and the probability of total failure in the assembly increase with increasing aspect ratio. This behavior was not observed in the ASTM tests.
Comparative termite resistance of 12 Malaysian timber species in laboratory tests
Authors: Kadir Roszaini , Hale Mike D. 
Published: July 2011

Abstract
The effect of wood density and extractive compounds on heartwood durability against subterranean termites was studied. Twelve species of Malaysian hardwoods were tested against Coptotermes curvignathus and C. gestroi using a standard laboratory method. The results indicated that amount of extractive content is related to Malaysian hardwood termite durability.