bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transactional sex and the ‘aristo’ phenomenon in Nigerian universities
Authors: Tade Oludayo , Adekoya Adeshewa 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
‘Aristocratic’ transactional relationships are widespread in Nigerian universities. Nigerian cultures positively sanction repressive sexual activities among single unmarried adolescents until the wedding night. Modernity has confronted this cultural prescription, as youths, particularly girls, engage in transactional exchange in different contexts. However, the literature on transactional sex in the ivory towers is not rich enough on client recruitment and management among female undergraduates in Nigeria. This study utilised in-depth interviews to collect data from 30 purposively selected female undergraduates. Findings show that the prostitution label is substituted for ‘runs-girls’, as a distinct social category. Clients are recruited on and off campus through mastery of routine activities of ‘aristocrats’ on campus, connection and referrals. The ‘aristos’ include wealthy postgraduate students, politicians, business men, and military personnel, among others. The sex work is undertaken on and off campus, in hotels or in the private residences of ‘runs-girls’. ‘Aristocratic’ transactional sex is sustained by erotic capital, including dexterous bed skills, such as sucking and romance. Luxury possessions, such as cars, BlackBerry phones and social security (job placement) after school life are the perceived derivable benefits of the erotic association. Provision of part-time jobs for vulnerable students could positively reduce transactional sex in ivory towers.
Symbols of harm, literacies of hope
Authors: Fox Roy 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
The author argues that our best hope for addressing world problems (from climate change to violence, to poverty) is to teach critical thinking through the study of language and all symbol systems. This means removing disciplinary boundaries so that we can focus more effectively on solving common problems. Human survival also depends upon our critical analysis of electronic media and our wise uses of technology. Critical thinking via all symbol systems is more likely to generate humane actions. Therefore, education—not governments or armies or institutions or private corporations—is our best hope.
Groundwater resources of Uzbekistan: an environmental and operational overview
Authors: Rakhmatullaev Shavkat , Huneau Frédéric , Kazbekov Jusipbek , Celle-Jeanton Hélène , Motelica-Heino Mikael , Coustumer Philippe , Jumanov Jamoljon 
Published: March 2012

AbstractAs a result of the massive irrigation development during the Soviet Union era and intensive chemization of agriculture, the surface runoff quality has been degraded in this arid and endorheic region. Moreover hydraulically related groundwater has also been affected. Excessive irrigation has lead to land salinization, which now threatens the soil quality of significant areas where crop yields would be at risk in the future. Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, institutional changes have been undertaken for the management of natural resources and water infrastructure. At present, underdeveloped and inadequate systems have been practiced with respect to groundwater use and management. This paper analyzes the present extent of groundwater resources with consideration to their reserves, quality evolution, and to technical, institutional and transboundary management practices in Uzbekistan.
Pregabalin and Gabapentin for Post-Photorefractive Keratectomy Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Pakravan Mohammad , Roshani Maryam , Yazdani Shahin , Faramazi Amir , Yaseri Mehdi 
Published: March 2012

Purpose To evaluate the efficacy of pregabalin and gabapentin for reducing post–photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) pain. Methods In this randomized clinical trial, 150 subjects undergoing PRK were allocated into 3 groups. In addition to the routine regimen, pregabalin 75 mg, gabapentin 300 mg, and placebo were administered 3 times daily for 3 days, in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Subjects could take acetaminophen-codeine 300/10 mg tablets every 4 hours as needed. Patients completed a pain assessment survey (visual analogue scale ranging from 0 = no pain to 10 = most severe pain) 7 times in the first 3 days following PRK and also recorded the number of consumed acetaminophen-codeine tablets. Results Age, sex, refractive error, ablation depth, and mitomycin-C (MMC) application were similar in the 3 study groups (all p values>0.05). Overall pain scores in the placebo group were 0.9 and 1 unit higher than the pregabalin (p=0.029) and gabapentin (p=0.023) groups, respectively. Severe pain (score >7) was more frequent in the placebo group on the morning of the first postoperative day (p=0.043). The difference in the number of consumed acetaminophen-codeine tablets was statistically borderline (p=0.061) and less in the pregabalin (7.9±5.2) and gabapentin (9.0±4.1) groups in comparison to the placebo group (10.3±5.6). Conclusions Pregabalin and gabapentin seem to be helpful in alleviating post-PRK pain when combined with other measures. Depending on availability, either compound can be used as an adjuvant for pain control in this setting.
The Effect of Platelet-rich Plasma on Wounds of OLETF Rats Using Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 and -9 mRNA
Authors: Shin Ho Seong , Oh Hwa Young 
Published: March 2012

Background Complicated diabetic patients show impaired, delayed wound healing caused by multiple factors. A study on wound healing showed that platelet-rich plasma (PRP) was effective in normal tissue regeneration. Nonetheless, there is no evidence that when plateletrich plasma is applied to diabetic wounds, it normalizes the diabetic wound healing process. In this study, we have analyzed matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9 expression to investigate the effect of PRP on diabetic wounds.
Methods Twenty-four-week-old male Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty rats were provided by the Tokushima Research Institute. At 50 weeks, wounds were arranged in two sites on the lateral paraspinal areas. Each wound was treated with PRP gel and physiologic saline gauze. To determine the expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, which was chosen as a marker of wound healing, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed and local distribution and expression of MMP-2, MMP-9 was also observed throughout the immunohistochemical staining.
Results RT-PCR and the immunohistochemical study showed that the levels of MMP-2, MMP-9 mRNA expression in PRP applied tissues were higher than MMP-2, MMP-9 mRNA expression in saline-applied tissues. MMP-9 mRNA expression in wounds of diabetic rats decreased after healing began to occur. But no statistical differences were detected on the basis of body weight or fasting blood glucose levels.
Conclusions This study could indicate the extracellular matrix-regulating effect observed with PRP. Our results of the acceleration of wound healing events by PRP under hyperglycemic conditions might be a useful clue for future clinical treatment for diabetic wounds.
Use of the Fix and Flap Approach to Complex Open Elbow Injury: The Role of the Free Anterolateral Thigh Flap
Authors: Chui Christopher Hoe-Kong , Wong Chin-Ho , Chew Winston Y , Low Mun-Hon , Tan Bien-Keem 
Published: March 2012

Background Complex elbow injuries with associated nerve, muscle, or joint injury commonly develop post-inury stiffness. In order to preserve function, joint congruency, elbow stability and durable wound coverage must be achieved in a timely manner.Methods A retrospective review of patients who underwent orthopaedic fixation followed by free anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap soft tissue coverage was performed. Five patients were identified and included in this study.Results We present a series of 5 cases managed with this principle. Soft tissue defects ranged in size from 4×9 cm (36 cm2) to 15×30 cm (450 cm2) and were located either posteriorly (n=4) or anteriorly (n=1). Associated injuries included open fractures (n=3) and motor nerve transection (n=2). Wound coverage was achieved in a mean duration of 18.8 days (range, 11 to 42 day). There were no flap failures and no major complications. The mean postoperative active elbow motion was 102° (range, 45° to 140°).Conclusions In our small series we have highlighted the safety and utility of using the free ALT flap in complex elbow injuries. The ALT flap has many advantages which include abundant skin and subcutaneous tissue; vascularised vastus lateralis muscle that was used in our series to obliterate dead space, provide a vascular bed for nerve grafts and combat infection; and, access to fascia lata grafts for reconstruction of the triceps tendon.
Treatment of Axillary Osmidrosis Using a Subcutaneous Pulsed Nd-YAG Laser
Authors: Kim Daejin , Kim Junhyung , Yeo Hyeonjung , Kwon Hyukjun , Son Daegu , Han Kihwan 
Published: March 2012

Background Axillary osmidrosis is characterized by an unpleasant odor, profuse sweating, and in some instances, staining of clothes that may socially and psychologically impair affected individuals. Various types of surgical procedures have been developed for the treatment of axillary osmidrosis. This study was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of subcutaneous pulsed neodymium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd-YAG) laser treatment for the treatment of axillary osmidrosis.
Methods Twenty-nine patients with axillary osmidrosis were included in this study. Patients were categorized according to the results of an axillary malodor grading system, and a subcutaneous pulsed Nd-YAG laser was applied to all patients. The treatment area for the appropriate distribution of laser energy was determined using the iodine starch test (Minor's test) against a grid pattern composed of 2×2 cm squares. The endpoint of exposure was 300 to 500 J for each grid, depending on the preoperative evaluation results. The results were evaluated by measurement of axillary malodor both pre- and postoperatively using the grading system and iodine starch test.
Results The average follow-up period was 12.8 months. Nineteen patients had a fair-to-good result and ten patients had poor results. The postoperative Minor's test demonstrated that there were remarkable improvements for patients with mild to moderate symptoms. Complications including superficial second degree burns (n=3) were treated in a conservative manner. A deep second degree burn (n=1) was treated by a surgical procedure.
Conclusions Subcutaneous pulsed Nd-YAG laser has many advantages and is an effective noninvasive treatment for mild to moderate axillary osmidrosis.
Deconstructing deception: Frequency, communicator characteristics, and linguistic features of embeddedness
Authors: Markowitz David M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDeceptive and truthful statements draw on a common pool of communication data, and they are typically embedded within false and truthful narratives. How often does embeddedness occur, who communicates embedded deceptions and truths, and what linguistic characteristics reveal embeddedness? In this study, nearly 800 participants deceived or told the truth about their friends and indicated the embedded deceptions (e.g., false statements told within entirely false or truthful messages) and truths (e.g., truthful statements told within entirely false or truthful messages). Embedded deceiving and truth‐telling rates were only statistically different among those who were instructed to tell the truth. Therefore, the distribution of embedded deceptions and truths were similar for false statements, but dissimilar for truthful statements. Embedded truths were also more likely to be written by women (vs men), liberals (vs conservatives), and communicated in a formal versus narrative style. Theoretical implications are discussed.
Counterfactuals in mainstream media: A pathway for blame attribution and policy endorsement in police lethal force incidents
Authors: Smith Olivia K. H. , Nuñez Narina 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPrevious research demonstrates that exposure to police lethal force through the media impacts individuals' support for police reform, but the mechanism driving this support is underexplored. The current study examines how news media counterfactuals (i.e., creating alternative outcomes for events that have already occurred) influence individuals' processing of police lethal force incidents, and how these perceptions, in turn, impact support for police reform. In a 2 (victim race: Black vs. White) × 3 (counterfactual target: victim, officer, or no counterfactual control) factorial design, 925 participants read a news article summarizing a lethal force incident, assigned blame for both the officer and victim, and reported their endorsement for various police reforms. Results indicated counterfactual target impacted blame attributions, and these blame attributions predicted endorsement of police reform while controlling for Attitudes Towards Police Legitimacy (APLS). These findings illustrate how media counterfactuals can influence blame, and importantly, influence perceptions of various police reforms.
STL Inhibited Angiogenesis of DPSCs Through Depressing Mitochondrial Respiration by Enhancing RNF217
Authors: Wang Wanqing , Yang Haoqing , Fan Zhipeng , Shi Ruitang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAngiogenesis is the determining factor during dental pulp regeneration. Six‐twelve leukemia (STL) is identified as a key regulatory factor on the biological function of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) under hypoxic conditions, but its effect on angiogenesis is unclear. Co‐culture of DPSCs and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) is used to detect tubule formation ability in vitro and the angiogenesis ability in vivo. RNA‐seq and bioinformatic analyses are performed to screen differentially expressed genes. Seahorse Cell Mito Stress Test is proceeded to exam mitochondrial respiration. STL decreased tubule formation and mitochondrial respiration of DPSCs in vitro and restrained the number of blood vessels and the expression of VEGF in new formed tissue in vivo. Furthermore, pretreating STL‐depleted DPSCs with rotenone, a mitochondrial respiration inhibitor, counteracted the promoting effect of STL knockdown on tubule formation. Then, RNA‐seq and bioinformatic analyses identified some angiogenesis relevant genes and pathways in STL‐depleted DPSCs. And STL enhanced expression of mRNA‐ring finger protein 217 (RNF217), which inhibited the tubule formation and mitochondrial respiration of DPSCs. STL inhibited the angiogenesis of DPSCs through depressing mitochondrial respiration by enhancing RNF217, indicating that STL is a potential target for angiogenesis of DPSCs.
An active disturbance rejection control approach to vibration control on flexible systems based on frequency response
Authors: Lin Shuyang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractActive disturbance rejection control (ADRC) is considerably applied due to its advantage of focusing on merely dominant parameters. Research on flexible systems frequently confronting perplexing disturbances can utilize this method to simplify irrelevant items as a single variable. In this paper, we focused on vibration control problems in flexible systems with the application of ADRC and constructed a second‐order system model under the guideline of fundamental principles of ADRC and an innovative algorithm for tuning feedforward compensation ADRC. During the simulation, we discussed three cases in which each solely one parameter varies while others are kept invariant. Time, open‐loop frequency, and close‐loop frequency responses were respectively analyzed in all cases as to determine the stability of the system. According to the simulation results, we arrived at the conclusion: we should choose the specification of a flexible system within an intermediate range and evade from critical system parameters to procure stability and efficiency.
High Power Density Ag2Se/Sb1.5Bi0.5Te3‐Based Fully Printed Origami Thermoelectric Module for Low‐Grade Thermal Energy Harvesting
Authors: Franke Leonard , Georg Rösch Andres , Khan Muhammad Irfan , Zhang Qihao , Long Zhongmin , Brunetti Irene , Joglar Matías Nicolas , Lara Ana Moya , Simão Claudia Delgado , Geßwein Holger , Nefedov Alexei , Eggeler Yolita M. , Lemmer Uli , Mallick Md Mofasser 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPrinting technologies have the potential to reduce the manufacturing costs of many electronic devices significantly. Here, a scalable manufacturing route for high‐performance fully printed thermoelectric generators (TEGs) as a cost‐effective solution for energy harvesting is demonstrated. This work presents a facile one‐pot synthesis method to develop a high‐performance Ag2Se‐based n‐type paste, which is used to fabricate a fully printed origami TEG by employing the Ag2Se‐based material for the n‐type legs and a previously reported Bi‐Sb‐Te‐based paste for the p‐type legs. The n‐type film exhibits a power factor of 13.5 µW cm−1 K−2 and a maximum figure‐of‐merit (ZT) of ≈ 0.92. Furthermore, printable carbon paste is introduced as an effective interface between the thermoelectric and electrode materials, which reduces the contact resistances in the thermoelectric device. The origami folded TEG exhibits an open‐circuit voltage (VOC) of 284 mV, a power output of 370.88 µW, and an exceptionally high power density (pmax) of 10.72 Wm−2 at a temperature difference (∆T) of 80.7 K, considering that the TEG fabrication does not involve any pressure treatment and vacuum sintering. These results underscore the scalability of the presented manufacturing process and the capability of printed origami TEGs for powering the Internet of Things (IoT) with low‐grade waste heat.
Dual Identity Validation of a Robust MOF Membrane for Efficient Multiscenario CO2 Separation
Authors: Liu Liangliang , Peng Yuan , Li Kun , Zhu Chenyu , Yang Weishen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRobust high‐valence metal–organic framework (MOF) membranes for CO2 separations show great promise for achieving carbon neutrality. Herein, the elegant fabrication of tetravalent zirconium Materials of Institute Lavoisier‐140A (MIL‐140A) membranes are pioneered and validated the intriguing dual role for both CO2‐selective and CO2‐rejective separations by combining structural regulation with the exploitation of the appropriate anisotropic ultramicropores. This inimitable separation ability of “hitting two targets with one arrow” with distinctive molecular size cut‐offs, which originated from the significant orientation transformation, enables the membranes to satisfy multiscenario CO2 capture requirements. The preferred (h0h)‐oriented MIL‐140A membranes exhibit superior mixed CO2/CH4 separation capacities (a separation factor of ≈30), while the highly (200)‐oriented MIL‐140A membranes exhibit remarkable mixed H2/CO2 separation capacities (a separation factor of ≈540), and they both ranked at the top among the present MOF membranes. This work highlights the promising prospects of the fresh MIL‐140 series for a given membrane‐based multiscenario CO2 separation application through microstructure customization and manipulation.
Low‐Power Charge Trap Flash Memory with MoS2 Channel for High‐Density In‐Memory Computing
Authors: Kim Yeong Kwon , Park Sangyong , Choi Junhwan , Park Hamin , Jang Byung Chul 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWith the rise of on‐device artificial intelligence (AI) technology, the demand for in‐memory comptuing has surged for data‐intensive tasks on edge devices. However, on‐device AI requires high‐density, low‐power memory‐based computing to efficiently handle large data volumes. Here, this study proposes a reliable multilevel, high gate‐coupling ratio memory device with MoS2 channel tailored for high‐density 3D NAND Flash‐based in‐memory computing. The MoS2 channel, featured by its small bandgap and high‐mobility, facilitates reliable memory window of approximately 8 V thanks to erase operation through hole injection. This not only suppresses vertical charge loss but also alleviates the burden on voltage generator circuits, indicating the suitability of MoS2 as channel material for 3D NAND Flash architecture. Additionally, a low‐k (≈2.2) tunneling layer deposited via initiated chemical vapor deposition increases the gate‐coupling ratio, thereby reducing the operating voltage. Utilizing Au nanoparticles as the charge storage layer, MoS2 memory devices show synaptic plasticity with 6‐bit, endurance (104 cycles), read disturbance (105 cycles), and retention times (105 s). Furthermore, device‐to‐system simulations for neural networks based on MoS2‐memory devices have successfully achieved a fingerprint recognition of 95.8%. These results provide the foundation to develop multi‐bit MoS2‐memory devices for AI accelerators and 3D NAND Flash memory.
Nano‐Engineered Magnesium Implants for Magnetothermal Enhanced Pyroptosis to Boost Immunotherapy
Authors: Han Xiao , Sun Shumin , Yang Nailin , Han Zhihui , Pei Zifan , Yu Qiao , Nie Jihu , Wang Li , Liu Anhong , Meng Xiangxue , Wang Zhanhui , Cheng Liang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading contributors to cancer‐related death because the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) limits its therapeutic efficacy. Gasdermin (GSDM)‐mediated pyroptosis is a new programmed cell death that can boost antitumor immune responses. However, inducing efficient pyroptosis to reverse the immunosuppressive TME is challenging. Herein, layered double hydroxide‐coated magnesium (Zn‐LDH@Mg) implants are designed and constructed as alternating magnetic field (AMF)‐activated pyroptosis inducers to induce highly effective pyroptosis in cancer cells. The powerful eddy‐thermal effects of Zn‐LDH@Mg implants markedly amplify pyroptosis in malignant cells through the Caspase‐1/GSDMD‐dependent canonical pathway. Moreover, Mg2+ and pyroptosis synergistically activate T cells (especially CD8+ T cells) and enhance the infiltration of immune‐supportive cells. This innovative strategy not only significantly suppresses the proliferation of the primary tumor but also stimulates the immune response to further enhance the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors and impede the progression of distant tumors. This work not only emphasizes the importance of surface engineering strategies for the preparation of novel pyroptosis inducers but also highlights the effectiveness of the strategy in reversing the immunosuppressive TME to enhance immunotherapy, providing a new approach for the rational design of bioactive materials to increase the efficacy of immunotherapy.