bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Novel Hemoglobin‐Based Oxygen Carrier, Polymerized Porcine Hemoglobin, Inhibits H2O2‐Induced Cytotoxicity of Endothelial Cells
Authors: Zhang Wei , Yan Kunping , Dai Penggao , Tian Jingjing , Zhu Hongli , Chen Chao 
Published: September 2011

AbstractHemoglobin‐based oxygen carriers (HBOCs), with their capacity for delivering oxygen, could potentially function as red blood cell substitutes or primary resuscitation solutions. However, there has been some concern regarding redox‐related safety issues of HBOCs. The present study describes a novel function of polymerized porcine hemoglobin (pPolyHb) in protecting a human umbilical vein endothelial cell line from H2O2‐induced cytotoxicity. Through the examination of H2O2 consumption and ferrylhemoglobin formation, we found that pPolyHb exhibits antioxidant activity, suggesting that pPolyHb may protect cells from free radical‐induced cell damage. Additionally, we investigated the effect of pPolyHb on H2O2‐induced cell cytotoxicity, and found that pPolyHb significantly inhibits H2O2‐mediated endothelial cell damage as well as apoptosis. Thus, pPolyHb may be developed as a new HBOC in the future.
Seizure outcomes following multilobar epilepsy surgery
Authors: Sarkis Rani A. , Jehi Lara , Najm Imad M. , Kotagal Prakash , Bingaman William E. 
Published: September 2011

SummaryPurpose: Outcomes following unilobar surgeries for refractory epilepsy have been well described. However, little is known about long‐term seizure outcomes following multilobar resections. The aim of the current study was to identify long‐term seizure control and predictors of seizure recurrence in this patient population.Methods: Records of patients who underwent multilobar epilepsy surgery at the Cleveland Clinic between 1994 and 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. A postoperative follow‐up of at least 6 months was required. Patients were classified as seizure free if they achieved an Engel class I at last follow‐up. Long‐term chances of seizure freedom were illustrated using a survival analysis, and predictors of recurrence were identified using Cox proportional hazard modeling.Key Findings: Sixty‐three patients with medically intractable epilepsy underwent multilobar surgical resections during the study period (mean follow‐up of 4.6 years). Predominant resection types included extended occipital (temporoparietooccipital, parietooccipital, temporooccipital: 57%), frontotemporal (21%), and temporoparietal (17%). Mean age at surgery was 21.4 years and mean age at seizure onset was 10.1 years. Fifty‐six percent of the patients underwent extraoperative invasive electroencephalography (EEG) evaluations. At 6 postoperative months, 71% (95% confidence interval (CI) 65–77) were seizure‐free (SF), 64% (CI 58–70) were SF at 1 year, 52% (CI 46–59) were SF at 5 years, and 41% (CI 32–50) remained SF at 10 years. Forty‐one patients had at least one breakthrough seizure after surgery (median timing of recurrence 6.1 months), with an Engel class 1 achieved again by last follow‐up in 12 of these 41 cases. Nine patients required a reoperation. Patients who underwent extended occipital/posterior quadrant resections had more favorable outcomes as compared to the other groups. With multivariate analysis, the type of resection (p = 0.03), preoperative auras (p = 0.03), an incomplete resection (0.03), and the presence of postoperative spikes (p = 0.0003) correlated with seizure recurrence. The risk of seizure recurrence for an incomplete resection was 2.3 (CI 1.53–3.36), preoperative aura 2.3 (CI 1.34–3.87), and postoperative spikes on surface EEG 2.5 (CI 1.29–4.71).Significance: A favorable outcome can be achieved in 41% of patients undergoing multilobar resections for epilepsy surgery at 10 years of follow‐up. Close to one‐third of patients who have breakthrough seizures after surgery are able to regain seizure freedom by last follow‐up. Predictors of recurrence include resection type (frontotemporal and parietotemporal resections did worse), presence of preoperative aura, an incomplete surgical resection, and the presence of postoperative interictal discharges on EEG.
Economic Impact of Potential Drug–Drug Interactions among Osteoarthritis Patients Taking Opioids
Authors: Pergolizzi Joseph V. , Labhsetwar Sumedha A. , Puenpatom R. Amy , Ben‐Joseph Rami , Ohsfeldt Robert , Summers Kent H. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractPatients with osteoarthritis (OA) taking at least one CYP450‐metabolized opioid concurrently with another CYP450‐metabolized medication experience a drug–drug exposure (DDE), which puts them at risk of a pharmacokinetic drug–drug interaction (PK DDI). This study compared patients with and without such an incident DDE to determine healthcare utilization and associated payments. Using a retrospective database analysis, the impact of DDEs was evaluated in terms of associated clinical events, healthcare services utilization (office visits, outpatient visits, ED visits, hospitalization), and payments in patient populations based on age (those under age 65 and those 65 years of age and older), during the 6 months after exposure. DDE patients had significantly more inpatient hospitalizations than no‐DDE patients. Mean total payments at 6 months were significantly higher for both younger and older patients with DDE compared to similar patients without DDE ($9,469, SD = $12,192 vs. $8,382, SD = $14,078, respectively, for younger patients, resulting in a difference of $1,087, P < 0.004, and $9,829, SD = $11,721 vs. $8,622, SD = $10,131, respectively, for older patients, resulting in a difference of $1,207, P = 0.001). In both age groups, DDE patients had significantly higher payments for nonopioid prescription drugs ($1,824 SD = $2,420 vs. $1,362, SD = $1,891, respectively, for younger patients, resulting in a difference of $462, P < 0.001, and $2,197 SD = $2,332 vs. $2,013, SD = $2,437, respectively, for older patients, resulting in a difference of $184, P = 0.020). Overall, patients with OA who experienced DDEs had significantly greater utilization rates of healthcare resources and higher associated payments in the 6‐month observation period following the exposure, compared to patients without DDEs, consistent with the risk of PK DDIs associated with DDEs. ▪
Introducing Simulation via the Theory of Records
Authors: Johnson Arvid C. 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTWhile spreadsheet simulation can be a useful method by which to help students to understand some of the more advanced concepts in an introductory statistics course, introducing the simulation methodology at the same time as these concepts can result in student cognitive overload. This article describes a spreadsheet model that has been successfully utilized to introduce simulation as early as the third week of class—within the context of assigning probabilities—using a topic that students find immediately interesting: the theory of records. Use of this simulation in early class sessions not only facilitates student learning of later material but also builds a simulation knowledge base that can be leveraged in other classes.
A Meta‐Analysis of the Comparative Efficacy of Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation with and without Ablation of the Ganglionated Plexi
Authors: ZHOU QINA , HOU YUEMEI , YANG SHANGLEI 
Published: September 2011

Background:
Ganglionated plexi (GP) is claimed to be potentially responsible for atrial fibrillation (AF). The efficacy and safety of GP ablation remains controversial. This meta‐analysis aimed to assess the efficacy of procedure with or without ablation of GP.
Methods and Results:
We included controlled clinical trials or randomized controlled trials comparing procedures of GP ablation plus pulmonary vein isolation (PVI), GP ablation plus Maze, or GP ablation alone (experimental arm), with PVI or Maze without GP ablation (control arm). The early episodes of atrial arrhythmia recurrence (early recurrence) and freedom from AF (primary efficacy endpoint) were estimated. Six trials with a total of 342 patients (172 per experimental arm, 170 per control arm) were included in the meta‐analysis. Subgroup analysis demonstrated that there was no significant difference in early recurrence between additional GP ablation to PVI or Maze, and PVI or Maze without ablation of GP (P = 0.06). However, early recurrence was significantly higher after GP ablation alone, compared with PVI alone (P = 0.02). Freedom from AF recurrence was significantly improved by additional GP ablation to PVI and Maze, compared with PVI and Maze without ablation of GP (P < 0.01). However, it was significantly aggravated by GP ablation alone, compared with PVI alone (P = 0.006).
Conclusion:
The short and relatively long‐term success rate of additional GP ablation to PVI or Maze is superior to PVI or Maze without ablation of GP. GP ablation alone is less effective than PVI alone for the treatment of AF. Future studies are necessary to establish and standardize the targeting sites, endpoints, and methods of GP ablation. (PACE 2011; 34:1687–1694)
Sentinel Symptoms in Patients with Unexplained Cardiac Arrest: From the Cardiac Arrest Survivors with Preserved Ejection Fraction Registry (CASPER)
Authors: KRAHN ANDREW D. , HEALEY JEFFREY S. , SIMPSON CHRISTOPHER S. , CHAUHAN VIJAY S. , BIRNIE DAVID H. , CHAMPAGNE JEAN , GARDNER MARTIN , SANATANI SHUBHAYAN , CHAKRABARTI SANTABHANU , YEE RAYMOND , SKANES ALLAN C. , LEONG‐SIT PETER , AHMAD KAMRAN , GOLLOB MICHAEL H. , KLEIN GEORGE J. , GULA LORNE J. , SHELDON ROBERT S. 
Published: September 2011

Sentinel Symptoms in Unexplained Cardiac Arrest. Background: Warning symptoms may provide an opportunity to diagnose genetic disorders leading to preventative therapy. We explored the symptom history of patients with apparently unexplained cardiac arrest to determine the frequency of sentinel symptoms.Methods: Patients with apparently unexplained cardiac arrest and no evident cardiac disease underwent systematic clinical evaluation. Patients and first‐degree relatives were interviewed to determine the presence of cardiac symptoms, and those with syncope underwent 2 structured Calgary Syncope Score questionnaires to determine the probable mechanism of syncope.Results: One hundred consecutive cardiac arrest patients (age 43.0 ± 13.4 years, 60% male) and 63 first‐degree relatives (age 37.6 ± 16.3 years, 54% female) were enrolled. Previous cardiac symptoms were present in 69% of cardiac arrest patients compared to 43% of family members (P = 0.001). Prior syncope was present in 26% of cardiac arrest patients, compared to 22% of family members (P = 0.59). Twenty‐four of 25 cardiac arrest patients who completed the syncope questionnaires had a syncope versus seizure score <1 favoring syncope. The area under the receiver operator curve (ROC) for the syncope mechanism score was 0.79 for identifying patients with subsequent cardiac arrest (95% CI, 0.6328–0.9395, P = 0.004). A score of ≤–2 had a sensitivity of 68% and specificity of 85%. Thirty percent of patients with a proven genetic cause had preceding syncope versus 19% in patients with noninherited or idiopathic causes (P = 0.032).Conclusions: Syncope that may represent a sentinel event is present in a modest proportion of patients and family members, and is often suggestive of an arrhythmia. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 23, pp. 60‐66, January 2012)
Piezoelectric Ceramics in the PbSnO3–Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3 Ternary System
Authors: Wang Dawei , Cao Maosheng , Zhang Shujun 
Published: September 2011

Piezoelectric ceramics in the ternary system (0.8−x)PbSnO3–0.2Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–xPbTiO3 (PSn–PMN–PT, x = 0.42–0.47) were synthesized. Morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) compositions, located at ~PT = 0.43–0.45 were confirmed by X‐ray diffraction, dielectric, piezoelectric, and ferroelectric properties. The coercive field EC, internal bias field Ei, and mechanical quality factor Qm were found to increase with increasing PT content, indicative of piezoelectric “hardening” characteristics, while the optimum dielectric and piezoelectric properties were achieved for the MPB composition 0.36PSn–0.2PMN–0.44PT, with dielectric permittivity εr, piezoelectric coefficient d33, and planar electromechanical coupling kp being on the order of 2930, 510 pC/N and 55%, respectively. In addition, the aging behavior of the piezoelectric ceramics was studied, with aging rate of d33 ~−6%, kp ~−2%, εr ~−7% per decade, respectively, similar to commercial PZT4 ceramics.
Anterior Versus Lateral Needle Decompression of Tension Pneumothorax: Comparison by Computed Tomography Chest Wall Measurement
Authors: Sanchez Leon D. , Straszewski Shannon , Saghir Amina , Khan Atif , Horn Erin , Fischer Christopher , Khosa Faisal , Camacho Marc A. 
Published: September 2011

ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE 2011; 18:1022–1026 © 2011 by the Society for Academic Emergency MedicineAbstractObjectives:  Recent research describes failed needle decompression in the anterior position. It has been hypothesized that a lateral approach may be more successful. The aim of this study was to identify the optimal site for needle decompression.Methods:  A retrospective study was conducted of emergency department (ED) patients who underwent computed tomography (CT) of the chest as part of their evaluation for blunt trauma. A convenience sample of 159 patients was formed by reviewing consecutive scans of eligible patients. Six measurements from the skin surface to the pleural surface were made for each patient: anterior second intercostal space, lateral fourth intercostal space, and lateral fifth intercostal space on the left and right sides.Results:  The distance from skin to pleura at the anterior second intercostal space averaged 46.3 mm on the right and 45.2 mm on the left. The distance at the midaxillary line in the fourth intercostal space was 63.7 mm on the right and 62.1 mm on the left. In the fifth intercostal space the distance was 53.8 mm on the right and 52.9 mm on the left. The distance of the anterior approach was statistically less when compared to both intercostal spaces (p < 0.01).Conclusions:  With commonly available angiocatheters, the lateral approach is less likely to be successful than the anterior approach. The anterior approach may fail in many patients as well. Longer angiocatheters may increase the chances of decompression, but would also carry a higher risk of damage to surrounding vital structures.
Clinical and radiographic evaluation of early loaded narrow diameter implants – 1‐year follow‐up
Authors: Galindo‐Moreno Pablo , Nilsson Peter , King Paul , Becktor Jonas , Speroni Stefano , Schramm Alexander , Maiorana Carlo 
Published: September 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical performance of Astra Tech OsseoSpeed™ TX 3.0S implants using one‐stage surgical procedure and early loading in the anterior region.Material and methodsThis is a prospective, single arm, multi‐centre study. Patients missing teeth at positions 12, 22 and 32–42 were eligible to enter the study. The implants (OsseoSpeed™ TX 3.0S) used in the study were of 3 mm diameter and of different lengths. One‐stage surgery was performed, and healing abutments were used during the 6–10 weeks healing period. Clinical and radiographic examinations were assessed at implant installation, loading and at the 6‐ and 12‐month follow‐up visits.ResultsNinety‐seven implants were placed in 69 patients at six different study centres in Denmark, Germany, Italy, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom. The survival rate was 95.9%. No implants have been lost after loading (100% survival rate after loading). Mean marginal bone loss 1 year after installation was 0.065 mm (SD = 1.018). The frequency of bone loss ≥1 mm was 6.6% and 51.3% of the implants demonstrated no bone loss or even bone gain from the surgical visit to the first year follow‐up visit. Mean probing pocket depth and gingival zenith score were stable from crown placement to the 6‐ and 1‐year follow‐up visits.ConclusionTreatment with OsseoSpeed™ TX 3.0S implants is a safe and predictable option in the anterior region where physical space is limited. Minimal marginal bone loss was observed during the first year follow‐up.
Pre‐operative measurement of the volume of bone graft in sinus lifts using CompuDent
Authors: Arias‐Irimia Oscar , Dorado Cristina Barona , Moreno Gerardo Gómez , Brinkmann Jorge Cortés‐Bretón , Martínez‐González José Mª 
Published: September 2011

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to calculate the volume of graft necessary for rehabilitation using varying lengths of implants, and to evaluate the usefulness of the planning dental software in determining the pre‐operative volume of bone graft in maxillary sinus floor lifts.Material and methodsUsing the CompuDent program, we calculated the volume of graft necessary for 62 sinus lifts. This volume was measured to raise the floor of each sinus to 13.4 and 15 mm in height.ResultsThe average volume of graft to achieve a lift of 13.4 mm was 2.61 ± 0.69 cm³ for the right maxillary sinus, with the range of 1.38–4.1 cm³, and 2.68 ± 0.81 cm³ for the left maxillary sinus, with the range of 1.1–4.25 cm³. The average volume of graft to achieve a lift of 15 mm was 3.13 ± 0.75 cm³ for the right maxillary sinus, with the range of 1.59–4.81 cm³, and 3.29 ± 1.02 cm³ for the left maxillary sinus, with the range of 1.48–5.11 cm³. The statistical results showed a significant inversely proportional correlation between the average of the heights and the volume of graft in the right sinus.ConclusionsThe planning dental software is an effective tool in determining the volume of bone graft given the tool's simplicity, rapidness and possibility of standardization in all pre‐surgical procedures.
Does performance in selection processes predict performance as a dental student?
Authors: Rich A. M. , Ayers K. M. S. , Thomson W. M. , Sinclair R. J. , Rohan M. J. , Seymour G. J. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractObjective:  This study investigated associations between the performance of dental students in each of the three components of the selection procedure [academic average, Undergraduate Medicine and Health Sciences Admission Test (UMAT) and structured interview], socio‐demographic characteristics and their academic success in an undergraduate dental surgery programme.Materials and methods:  Longitudinal review of admissions data relating to students entering dental education at the University of Otago, New Zealand, between 2004 and 2009 was compared with academic performance throughout the dental programme.Results and discussion:  After controlling for variables, pre‐admission academic average, UMAT scores and interview performance did not predict performance as a dental student. Class place in second year, however, was a strong predictor of class place in final year. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the best predictors of higher class placement in the final year were New Zealand European ethnicity and domestic (rather than international) student status. Other socio‐demographic characteristics were not associated with performance. These interim findings provide a sound base for the ongoing study.Conclusion:  The study found important socio‐demographic differences in pre‐admission test scores, but those scores did not predict performance in the dental programme, whether measured in second year or in final year.
Lipocalin‐2 is associated with modulation of disease phenotype in a patient with concurrent JAK2‐V617F and BCR‐ABL mutation
Authors: Nadarajan Veera S. , Ang Chow‐Hiang , Bee Ping‐Chong 
Published: September 2011

AbstractWe investigated the role of lipocalin‐2 (LCN‐2) and its receptor (SLC22A17) in mediating clonal dominance in a patient with both BCR‐ABL and JAK2‐V617F mutations. LCN‐2 mRNA showed a near 50‐fold increase in expression, accompanied by down‐regulation of SLC22A17, coinciding with increase in BCR‐ABL transcripts, loss of JAK2‐V617F and change of clinical phenotype from polycythaemia vera to chronic myeloid leukaemia. These changes were reversed after commencing imatinib mesylate. Consistent with experimental studies, BCR‐ABL+ cells express LCN‐2 leading to suppression of BCR‐ABL‐ cells and explain their eventual dominance when occurring together with JAK2‐V617F.
Field effect in oral precancer as assessed by DNA flow cytometry and array‐CGH
Authors: Pentenero Monica , Donadini Alessandra , Di Nallo Emanuela , Maffei Massimo , Marino Roberto , Familiari Ubaldo , Castagnola Patrizio , Gandolfo Sergio , Giaretti Walter 
Published: September 2011

J Oral Pathol Med (2012) 41: 119–123Objective:  ‘Field cancerization’ is an accepted model for oral carcinogenesis. So far, genetically altered fields have been just reported in the presence of carcinomas. This study assessed the distant mirror fields (MFs) of oral precancer by DNA high‐resolution flow cytometry (hr DNA‐FCM) and array‐Comparative Genomic Hybridization (a‐CGH).Methods:  Five leukoplakias without dysplasia (OLs), seven dysplastic leukoplakias (DOLs), and 12 corresponding visually normal and non‐dysplastic MFs were analyzed. DNA aneuploidy (DNA Index, DI ≠ 1) was detected by hr DNA‐FCM on DAPI stained nuclei suspensions. The epithelial DNA aneuploid subclones were FCM‐sorted to obtain genomic DNA for a‐CGH.Results:  Mirror fields, OLs, and DOLs showed increasing prevalence of DNA aneuploidy of, respectively, 8%, 20%, and 57%. The average number of chromosome aberrations (Ch‐Abs) was 2.8 in MFs, 3 in OLs, and 10.6 in DOLs. MFs relative to OLs and DOLs had average numbers of Ch‐Abs, respectively, of 1.8 and 3.6. Ch‐Abs were also observed in DNA diploid sublines, and often the same aberrations were observed in both MFs and corresponding OLs/DOLs.Conclusion:  DNA aneuploidy and Ch‐Abs in MFs, the last ones being mainly gains, indicate an early onset of field effect in oral carcinogenesis.
Pharmacokinetics study about topical clobetasol on oral mucosa
Authors: Varoni Elena M. , Molteni Alessia , Sardella Andrea , Carrassi Antonio , Di Candia Domenico , Gigli Fausto , Lodi Franco , Lodi Giovanni 
Published: September 2011

J Oral Pathol Med (2012) 41: 255–260Background:  Clobetasol is the most potent topical corticosteroid used in oral medicine for muco‐cutaneous diseases. Several papers reported about patients with cushingoid appearance, suggesting an adrenal suppression related to clobetasol systemic absorption after local application. Owing to the lack of studies, our goal is to assess whether transmucosal assimilation, after its application on oral mucosa, really occurs and to define clobetasol pharmacokinetics profile.Methods:  Data were recorded by collecting blood samples both on 10 patients in clobetasol therapy and on 14 healthy volunteers instructed about standardized clobetasol applications. A new technique of analytical chemistry was employed to detect its serum concentrations.Results:  Clobetasol absorption was ascertained, showing a certain accumulation rate. Different levels have been found in relation to oral disease and individual features (as smoking habits and presence of oral mucosa erosion).Conclusions:  Our study validates clobetasol systemic transmucosal absorption, also recommending a careful monitoring of patients in corticosteroid therapy to avoid local and systemic adverse effects.