bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L'Ambulance roumaine en Serbie
Authors: Ghika Nicolas Ch. 
Published: March 2011

Le Comité roumain nous adresse le compte rendu suivant des opéations:de l'ambulance de la Croix rouge roumaine, pendant la guerre turco-serbe:L'ambulance de la Croix rouge de Roumanie est partie de Bucharest le 13 juillet 1876. Arrivée à Turno-Severin, elle a été forcée d'y faire une halte de six jours, à la suite d'un ordre du ministre des affaires étrangères, provoqué par le refus du gouvernement ottoman de garantir la neutralité de l'ambulance.
HP-23: Co-ordinated Regulation of Gene Expression in H. Pylori in Response to Low pH and Iron Limiting Growth Conditions
Authors: Gupta Ananya , Ustinov Sergey , Mashayekhi Kaveh , Moran Anthony 
Published: March 2011

AbstractEstablishing a successful infection within the gastric environment and its varied and changing niches requires adaptation achieved through regulation of bacterial gene expression. In the gastric environment in addition to the low pH Helicobacter pylori is required to adapt to conditions of iron limitation. In this study, we used cDNA microarrays to identify genes whose expression was altered when the bacterium was grown under differing conditions of pH (5 versus 7) and iron limitation. cDNA microarray analyses following exposure to different growth conditions were carried out for three H. pylori strains 26695 (gastritis-associated), J99 (ulcer-associated) and AG-1 (atrophic gastritis-associated). Genes were identified whose expression was acid pH-dependent in all the strains: 68 genes were up-regulated, these included urease-related genes (ureA, ureB, ureI, UreF), amidase (aimE) and genes involved in flagellar synthesis (flgB, fliM, flgE). Additionally, up-regulation of transport-related genes and genes encoding binding proteins (glnQ, glnH, exbD) were noted. Furthermore, 37 genes were down-regulated from different functional groups (e.g., outer membrane proteins and chaperones). At pH 7, iron limitation mainly induced motility-associated genes, whereas at pH5, iron depletion although inducing down-regulation of 12 genes, led to the increased expression of 21 genes including those coding for carbonic anhydrase and proteins involved in metal ion transport, instead of genes coding for urease and amidase enzymes. Genes encoding virulence factors (e.g., cagA and vacA) and proteins involved in motility were over-expressed under all the conditions of stress. Collectively, as effectors of the H. pylori stress response, this transcriptome analysis implicating up-regulation of various metal responsive regulators and metal transport-related genes, in addition to induction of ammonia-producing enzymes and virulence factors (CagA and VacA), emphasizes the link between the bacterial response to acidity, metal metabolism and virulence. Moreover, this response was similar in H. pylori strains associated with different pathologies.
Integrating text--mining effort requires	output standards
Authors: Waagmeester Andra 
Published: March 2011

AbstractWe recently released a plugin to Pathvisio to assist the curator with automatic integration of heterogeneous pathway knowledge. Pathway curation involves gathering this knowledge not only through discussions with peers, but also from biological databases and the scientific literature. Integrating this all into one pathway is challenging and to date still mainly a laborious manual process.More and more biological databases provide webservices (ie. REST or SOAP). The main objective of webservices is to provide an interface for other computer applications. Our plug-in uses these interfaces to gather binary relationships of a given pathway entity and present the relation in star shaped figures to the curator. The plug-in also uses functionality of Pathvisio to project and visualize research data on pathways. If research data exists, this can then be projected on to the suggested potential novel entities. The curator can then make an educated decision on extending pathways with database knowledge.Different text mining methods exist to process large quantities of available literature. Text mining results can be very valuable in pathway curation. Integrating them in a similar way as with biological databases is difficult. It requires a text-mining output standard. In our current plug-in we included text-mining support in our current version of the plug-in.We like to propose here a standard for text mining output. The output standard is a data object that captures the relationships found with text mining, the document identifiers, the sentences from where the results originate, the method used, and its metrics. Such an output standard would enable a user-oriented comparison of text mining results. Currently, text-mining results are mainly evaluated on their performance in finding relevant results. By enabling a text mining out standard, the results become available to the larger user community. The data is immediately accessible to a wide range of applications. If a text mining method supports our output standard, the pathway curation community can use it in Pathvisio through our plug-in.
Prediction of novel pre-microRNAs with high accuracy through boosting and SVM
Authors: Zhang Yuanwei , Yang Yifan , Zhang Huan , Jiang Xiaohua , Xu Bo , Xue Yu , Cao Yunxia , Zhai Qian , Zhai Yong , Xu Mingqing , Cooke Howard J. , Shi Qinghua 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Summary: High-throughput deep-sequencing technology has generated an unprecedented number of expressed short sequence reads, presenting not only an opportunity but also a challenge for prediction of novel microRNAs. To verify the existence of candidate microRNAs, we have to show that these short sequences can be processed from candidate pre-microRNAs. However, it is laborious and time consuming to verify these using existing experimental techniques. Therefore, here, we describe a new method, miRD, which is constructed using two feature selection strategies based on support vector machines (SVMs) and boosting method. It is a high-efficiency tool for novel pre-microRNA prediction with accuracy up to 94.0% among different species.
Availability: miRD is implemented in PHP/PERL+MySQL+R and can be freely accessed at http://mcg.ustc.edu.cn/rpg/mird/mird.php.
Contact: qshi@ustc.edu.cn
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Spectral Mourning and Carceral Masculinities: Jean Genet's
Miracle de la rose
Authors: Amin Kadji 
Published: March 2011

Abstract

This article will argue that Jean Genet's 1946 novelistic memoir of his adolescence at the boys' agricultural colony of Mettray,
Miracle de la rose
, is a mournful elaboration of the abjections of discourses on the boys' penal colonies. In the seductive tones of nostalgia,
Miracle
evokes pleasures — such as the sweetness of submission, the excitement of virile display, and the intensities of pederastic love — figured as deviant and unmournable within the discursive field of the boys' penal colonies. In addition,
Miracle
explicitly thematizes both the queering effects of such remembrance and the masculinizing rewards of forgetting, suggesting that certain masculinities are built on the melancholic foreclosure of ambiguous adolescent affects. In so doing, I argue, it explores what Derrida terms ‘spectral mourning’, an alternative relation to memory that, in
Miracle
, is constitutive both of the gender of the elder pederast within a carceral couple and a ‘feminine’ form of writing associated with poetry, fantasy, and ‘le merveilleux’. Whereas Derrida describes spectrality as a supremely ethical relation to the past,
Miracle
shows spectral mourning to be less the result of an ethical choice than of an inability to mourn the abject conditions of adolescence in the boys' penal colonies.
Ruse and Reappropriation in the French Eighteenth Century:
La Philosophie des vapeurs
by C.-J. de B. de paumerelle
Authors: Arnaud Sabine 
Published: March 2011

Abstract

Paumerelle's
La Philosophie des vapeurs
is composed of letters written by a Marquise on the art and use of the vapours, presenting them as an essential tool for any aristocrat worthy of her rank. Although the text begins under the guise of banter, it quickly moves on to overturn common conceptions of the malady. The fragility, sensitiveness, and nervousness usually associated with the vapours give way to strategy and method. The treatise classifies emotions and gestures, formulating a hierarchy among symptoms. One is taught to induce crises following reflection and study, in a linking of ruse and sensibility. This article begins by examining the role of the vapours, who is permitted to perform them, and where and how symptoms are best put to use. It then addresses
La Philosophie des vapeurs
as a rewriting of Baltasar Gracián's
The Art of Wordly Wisdom
. While the treatise's formatting in private correspondence is an eminently feminine form, the letters displace perceptions of gender. Women are described as being in perpetual study of their bodies and emotions, developing self-mastery, and controlling their image in society. Lastly, I analyse how the simultaneous use of conflicting powers of passions and reason situates the work as an eighteenth-century restaging of the art and codes of courtly society.
Memories in/of
Thérèse Raquin
: Émile Zola and Marcel Carné
Authors: Griffiths Kate 
Published: March 2011

Abstract

Memory lies at the heart of the adaptive process as a filmmaker remembers, in a different form or genre, an earlier work. Marcel Carné theorizes the act of adaptation via his contemplation of the role of memory in his 1953 film
Thérèse Raquin
. Characters remember but do not voice their acts of remembrance. However, if personal memories are foreclosed, Carné explores the textual memories of his film. His work makes widespread changes to the original novel from which it stems: Zola's 1867 text of the same name. Carné, though, is unable to forget what he has altered and, in a series of meta-adaptive scenes, he inserts playful references to the details he has removed. Carné remembers what is no longer there. Memories other than those of Zola circulate in Carné's adaptation, be they traces of Carné's earlier works or those of its principal actors. The film is not a facile or inferior reproduction of Zola's text. It is a self-reflexive piece that considers the personal and artistic acts of recollection at the heart of its adaptive fabric just as Zola's novel, itself fascinated by the memories of its characters, underlines the traces of other texts in its own creative act.
Antoine de La Sale's
La Sale
: The Cannonball and the Prince's Head
Authors: Léglu Catherine 
Published: March 2011

Abstract

Antoine de La Sale's didactic treatise
La Sale
(1451), a ‘mirror for princes’ aimed at noble boys, includes an eye-witness account of a dramatic event that occurred in Naples in 1438. This essay examines the ways in which the tale breaks with its frame, a translated and Christianized version of Valerius Maximus's
Facta et dicta memorabilia
, to question subtly the lessons it teaches concerning sacrilege and noble rank. The compilation appears to promote and question the authority and reliability of the tutor. In addition, once it is set against the concluding scene of La Sale's
Jehan de Saintré
(1456), the tale appears to furnish some evidence of the development of the genre of the
nouvelle
from both the narration of recent events, and the genre of the moralizing exemplum.
Assessment of Nutritional Status and Serum Leptin in Children With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Aurangzeb Brekhna , Leach Steven T , Lemberg Daniel A , Day Andrew S 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTObjectives:Children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) commonly have altered nutrition and growth. Measurement of serum leptin may enhance other modalities to assess the nutritional state of children with IBD. The aim of the present study was to define the nutritional status of children with newly diagnosed IBD by measuring anthropometry and serum leptin levels.Patients and Methods:Twenty‐eight children newly diagnosed with IBD and 56 age‐ and sex‐matched controls were enrolled prospectively. Anthropometry (weight, height, and body mass index [BMI] expressed as z scores) and serum leptin levels were measured.Results:The children with IBD had lower mean BMI z scores and weight‐for‐age percentiles than controls (P = 0.05 and P = 0.01, respectively). The mean (standard deviation) serum leptin levels of the children with IBD were 2.4 (±1.9) pg/mL, compared with 5.2 (±4.6) pg/mL for controls (P = 0.01). The BMI percentile correlated positively with leptin levels in both groups. Following adjustment for BMI percentiles, serum leptin levels were lower in children with IBD than in controls (P = 0.02). Leptin levels did not correlate with serum markers of inflammation or disease activity scores.Conclusions:Detailed and focused nutritional assessment should be an integral part of the management of all children with IBD. Children at the time of diagnosis of IBD have significant undernutrition and have lower serum leptin levels than controls. The inflammatory state in IBD appears not to alter leptin metabolism. Further study of the effect of leptin in IBD is required.
Temporal Association of Polysomnographic Cardiorespiratory Events With GER Detected by MII‐pH Probe in the Premature Infant at Term
Authors: Nunez Jeanne , Cristofalo Elizabeth , McGinley Brian , Katz Richard , Glen Daniel R , Gauda Estelle 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTObjectives:The aim of the study was to examine temporal association (TA) between polysomnographic cardiorespiratory (CR) events and gastroesophageal reflux (GER) in premature infants with persistent CR events at >39 weeks postmenstrual age and determine whether the use of multichannel intraluminal impedance (MII)‐pH probe improves sensitivity of the TA compared with pH probe alone.Patients and Methods:Seven infants born between 24 and 29 weeks' gestational age with persistent CR events at 39 to 48 weeks' postmenstrual age underwent a polysomnography with MII‐pH probe. Symptom index (SI) and symptom‐associated probability were calculated for diverse types of reflux and CR events. SI and a Fisher exact test with variable association windows were calculated for obstructive apnea (OA). Odds ratios for an OA given a reflux event and for a reflux event given an OA were determined.Results:With a Fisher exact test, a subject‐specific association between MII events and OA was found in the 3 patients who required a fundoplication or had the worse clinical GER. Some level of TA was found with SI and symptom‐associated probability in 6 of 7 infants. Association was found for pH >4 and pH ≤4 reflux events. pH‐only events with no change of MII had only a limited role in generating CR events.Conclusions:TA between CR events and GER was found in a single‐subject–level analysis in some infants with persistent CR events at term. This TA suggests a causal relation between CR and reflux events that was further strengthened by the clinical outcomes of each infant.
Accuracy in Celiac Disease Diagnostics by Controlling the Small‐bowel Biopsy Process
Authors: Webb Charlotta , Halvarsson Britta , Norström Fredrik , Myléus Anna , Carlsson Annelie , Danielsson Lars , Högberg Lotta , Ivarsson Anneli , Karlsson Eva , Stenhammar Lars , Sandström Olof 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTObjectives:In a Swedish celiac disease screening study (Exploring the Iceberg of Celiacs in Sweden), we systematically reviewed the clinical diagnostic procedures with the aim to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and to take advantage of lessons learned for improving diagnostic routines.Materials and Methods:A school‐based celiac disease screening study involving 5 Swedish centers, with 10,041 invited 12‐year‐olds with 7567 consenting participation. All 192 children with elevated serological markers were recommended to undergo small‐bowel biopsy, performed and evaluated according to local clinical routines. All of the mucosal specimens were reevaluated by 1 and, when needed, 2 expert pathologists to reach diagnostic consensus.Results:Small‐bowel biopsies were performed in 184 children: 130 by endoscopy and 54 by suction capsule. Endoscopic biopsies were inconclusive in 0.6%, compared with 7.4% of biopsies by suction capsule. A patchy enteropathy was found in 9.1%. Reevaluation by the expert pathologist resulted in 6 additional cases with celiac disease and 1 cleared. Sixteen children with normal or inconclusive biopsies, 4 after endoscopy, and 12 after suction capsule were endoscopically rebiopsied, resulting in another 8 cases. The celiac disease prevalence of 30 of 1000 (95% confidence interval 26–34) was not statistically different from that previously reported.Conclusions:The present review revealed the importance of controlling each step of the diagnostic procedure. Several cases would have been missed by relying only on local routines. To improve the quality of childhood celiac disease diagnostics, we recommend multiple endoscopic biopsies from both proximal and distal duodenum and standardized evaluation by a pathologist with good knowledge of celiac disease.
Long‐term Follow‐up of Patients After Antegrade Continence Enema Procedure
Authors: Siddiqui Anees A , Fishman Steven J , Bauer Stuart B , Nurko Samuel 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTBackground:Antegrade continence enema (ACE) has become an important therapeutic modality in the treatment of intractable constipation and fecal incontinence. There are little data available on the long‐term performance of the ACE procedure in children.Methods:A retrospective review of patients who underwent the ACE procedure was conducted. Irrigation characteristics and complications were noted. Outcome was assessed for individual encounters based on frequency of bowel movements, incontinence, pain, and predictability.Results:One hundred seventeen patients underwent an ACE. One hundred five patients had at least 6 months of follow‐up, and were included in the analysis. Diagnoses included myelodysplasia (39%), functional intractable constipation (26%), anorectal malformations (21%), nonrelaxing internal anal sphincter (7%), cerebral palsy (3%), and other diagnoses (4%). The average follow‐up was 68 months (range 7–178 months). At the last follow‐up, 69% of patients had successful bowel management. Of the 31% of patients who did not have successful bowel management, 20% were using the ACE despite suboptimal results, 10% required surgical removal, and 2% were not using the ACE because of behavioral opposition to it. Patients were started on normal saline, but were switched to GoLYTELY (PEG‐3350 and electrolyte solution) if there was an inadequate response (61% at final encounter). Additives were needed in 34% of patients. The average irrigation dose was 23 ± 0.7 mL/kg. The average toilet sitting time was 51.7 ± 3.5 minutes, with infusions running for 12.1 ± 1.2 minutes. Stomal complications occurred in 63% (infection, leakage, and stenosis) of patients, 33% required surgical revision and 6% eventually required diverting ostomies.Conclusions:Long‐term use of the ACE gives successful results in 69% of patients, whereas 63% had a stoma‐related complication and 33% required surgical revision of the stoma.
Protein Phosphatase 2A B55 and A Regulatory Subunits Interact with Nitrate Reductase and Are Essential for Nitrate Reductase Activation
Authors: Heidari Behzad , Matre Polina , Nemie-Feyissa Dugassa , Meyer Christian , Rognli Odd Arne , Møller Simon G. , Lillo Cathrine 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Posttranslational activation of nitrate reductase (NR) in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and other higher plants is mediated by dephosphorylation at a specific Ser residue in the hinge between the molybdenum cofactor and heme-binding domains. The activation of NR in green leaves takes place after dark/light shifts, and is dependent on photosynthesis. Previous studies using various inhibitors pointed to protein phosphatases sensitive to okadaic acid, including protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), as candidates for activation of NR. PP2As are heterotrimeric enzymes consisting of a catalytic (C), structural (A), and regulatory (B) subunit. In Arabidopsis there are five, three, and 18 of these subunits, respectively. By using inducible artificial microRNA to simultaneously knock down the three structural subunits we show that PP2A is necessary for NR activation. The structural subunits revealed overlapping functions in the activation process of NR. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation was used to identify PP2A regulatory subunits interacting with NR, and the two B55 subunits were positive. Interactions of NR and B55 were further confirmed by the yeast two-hybrid assay. In Arabidopsis the B55 group consists of the close homologs B55α and B55β. Interestingly, the homozygous double mutant (b55α × b55β) appeared to be lethal, which shows that the B55 group has essential functions that cannot be replaced by other regulatory subunits. Mutants homozygous for mutation in Bβ and heterozygous for mutation in Bα revealed a slower activation rate for NR than wild-type plants, pointing to these subunits as part of a PP2A complex responsible for NR dephosphorylation.
Measuring alcohol craving: development of the Alcohol Craving Experience questionnaire
Authors: Statham Dixie J. , Connor Jason P. , Kavanagh David J. , Feeney Gerald F. X. , Young Ross Mc. D. , May Jon , Andrade Jackie 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTAims  To develop a measure of craving based on the Elaborated Intrusion (EI) theory of desire and to examine the construct, concurrent and discriminant validity of the instrument.Design  Cross‐sectional.Setting and participants  Patients from a hospital alcohol and drug out‐patient service (n = 230), participants in a randomized controlled trial (n = 219) and students in a university‐based study of alcohol craving (n = 202) were recruited.Measurements  The Alcohol Craving Experience questionnaire (ACE) was developed to measure sensory aspects of craving (imagining taste, smell or sensations of drinking and intrusive cognitions associated with craving) when craving was maximal during the previous week (ACE‐S: strength), and to assess frequency of desire‐related thoughts in the past week (ACE‐F: frequency). All participants completed the ACE and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). The Obsessive Compulsive Drinking Scale (OCDS) and the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS) were completed by hospital patients and randomized control trial participants.Findings  Exploratory factor analysis on the ACE‐S and ACE‐F resulted in a three‐factor structure representing imagery, intensity and intrusion. An attempt to confirm this factor structure required a reduction in items (two from ACE‐S, five from ACE‐F) before a good fit to the three‐factor model was obtained. Concurrent validity with the OCDS, with severity of alcohol dependence and with depression, anxiety and stress, was demonstrated. The ACE discriminated between clinical and non‐clinical populations and between those at higher risk of alcohol dependence and those at lower risk.Conclusions  A new scale, the Alcohol Craving Experience questionnaire, based on the Elaborated Intrusion theory of desire appears to capture key constructs of the theory and correlate with indices of alcohol dependence.