bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The case for open source software in aeronautics
Authors: Ziemer Sven , Stenz Gernot 
Published: May 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to promote the opportunities of open source software (OSS) development in aeronautics. Using the development of an open source framework for conceptual aircraft design as an example, this paper discusses how an inter‐organizational collaboration between industry and academia can build an environment for multi‐disciplinary aircraft design projects.Design/methodology/approachThe paper takes the form of a literature study and comparison of software tools.FindingsThe open source model can facilitate the emergence of a large inter‐organizational community in aeronautics for developing a comprehensive software framework.Practical implicationsDeveloping a general OSS framework for conceptual aircraft design has the potential of attracting a large community for inter‐organizational collaboration on software tools for a multi‐disciplinary optimization (MDO) environment.Originality/valueUsing the concepts of open source in aeronautics has the potential to improve the collaboration among industry and academia on developing software tools for an MDO environment.
The new logic in building isomorphic theory of management decision realities
Authors: Woodside Arch G. , Ko Eunju , Huan Tzung‐Cheng (T.C.) 
Published: May 2012

PurposeThis article aims to describe ethnographic theory and research that maintains the integrity of the individual case while generalizing to multiple cases in research on management decisions. The study aims to provoke and prod management decision researchers to employ ethnographic research tools rather than relying only or mainly on the dominant logic of variable‐based empirical positivism.Design/methodology/approachDetails of two studies of multiple cases in two task environments inform explicit statements of the principles necessary for bridging the gap between management decision practice and research. Six principles serve as pillars for this bridge.FindingsAverages mislead. Partial regression coefficients inform about the impact of variables but mislead in hinting at the sufficiency of individual variables for all cases when high or low values on any one variable are not sufficient or necessary for a high or low outcome on a dependent variable. Research on management decisions must maintain the integrity of the individual case in analyzing and reporting findings on management decisions. Research tools are available now to accomplish these principles.Research limitations/implicationsGet out and into task environments of management decision makers and collect multiple rounds of emic‐etic‐emic‐etic interpretations of management decision processes and outcomes. Go to fsQCA.com to learn how to do qualitative comparative analysis of alternative causal recipes leading to relevant management decision outcomes.Originality/valueThis article describes and calls for a paradigm shift from the current empirical‐positivistic matrix‐algebra dominant logic to a new case‐based Boolean‐algebra logic for management decision researchers.
The role of market and technological knowledge in recognizing entrepreneurial opportunities
Authors: Siegel Donald S. , Renko Maija 
Published: May 2012

PurposeOpportunity recognition is an important aspect on entrepreneurship, especially for technology‐based ventures. Drawing on Austrian economic theory, recent studies have emphasized the importance of market knowledge in opportunity recognition. Although insightful, these studies do not take account of relationships that exist between different types of knowledge (e.g. technology and market knowledge). The authors aim to address this gap by integrating the Schumpeterian theory of opportunity development with Kirzner's theory of opportunity discovery to examine these relationships.Design/methodology/approachThe data consist of a longitudinal sample of 42 new biotechnology ventures from the USA, Finland, and Sweden.FindingsThe paper finds that both market knowledge and technological knowledge (measured as the number of patents) contribute to firms' subsequent recognition of entrepreneurial opportunities.Originality/valueThe results show the value and importance of early market knowledge and technological knowledge for subsequent opportunity recognition. The empirical findings are reflected in the light of current research on Kirznerian and Schumpeterian opportunity recognition.
Toward a theory of evidence based decision making
Authors: Baba Vishwanath V. , HakemZadeh Farimah 
Published: May 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to integrate existing body of knowledge on evidence‐based management, develop a theory of evidence, and propose a model of evidence‐based decision making.Design/methodology/approachFollowing a literature review, the paper takes a conceptual approach toward developing a theory of evidence and a process model of decision making. Formal research propositions amplify both theory and model.FindingsThe paper suggests that decision making is at the heart of management practice. It underscores the importance of both research and experiential evidence for making professionally sound managerial decisions. It argues that the strength of evidence is a function of its rigor and relevance manifested by methodological fit, relevance to the context, transparency of its findings, replicability of the evidence, and the degree of consensus within the decision community. A multi‐stage mixed level model of evidence‐based decision making is proposed with suggestions for future research.Practical implicationsAn explicit, formal, and systematic collaboration at the global level among the producers of evidence and its users akin to the Cochrane Collaboration will ensure sound evidence, contribute to decision quality, and enable professionalization of management practice.Originality/valueThe unique value contribution of this paper comes from a critical review of the evidence‐based management literature, the articulation of a formal theory of evidence, and the development of a model for decision making driven by the theory of evidence.
Virtues and leadership
Authors: Hackett Rick D. , Wang Gordon 
Published: May 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to bring definitional clarity to the term “virtue” as pertinent to the behavioural sciences literatures on leadership; to identify a short and consolidated list of cardinal virtues commonly associated with leadership effectiveness; to provide a model relating leader virtues to leader outcomes (i.e. ethics, happiness, life satisfaction, and effectiveness); and to propose a program of research.Design/methodology/approachThe authors systematically and comprehensively review Aristotelian and Confucian literatures on virtue ethics, and the literatures on seven leadership styles – i.e. moral, ethical, spiritual, servant, transformational, charismatic, and visionary leadership.FindingsSix virtues, including four considered cardinal by Aristotle (courage, temperance, justice and prudence), and two considered cardinal by Confucius (humanity, and truthfulness), were common to all seven leadership styles.Research limitations/implicationsResearchers should aim to develop and validate a measure of virtuous leadership based on the six cardinal virtues presented here and also to test both the proposed measurement and structural models.Practical implicationsThe authors' recommended program of research will ideally inform development and design of selection and training programs for enhancing virtuous leadership.Originality/valueThe authors provide definitional clarity to the term “virtue” – one that is well grounded in the moral philosophy and virtue ethics literatures; consolidate vast and varied literatures on seven different widely subscribed leadership styles and identify six cardinal virtues most likely to positively impact leadership effectiveness; present an organizing framework, structural model, and research agenda to catalyze research on virtuous leadership.
A contextual, flexibility‐based model of the HR‐firm performance relationship
Authors: Tracey J. Bruce 
Published: May 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a more refined and comprehensive explanation of the HR‐firm performance relationship. Based on the recent conceptual and empirical research that is grounded in attribution theory, the model posits that flexibility regarding firm's HR system is a key mediator in the focal relationship, and that environmental dynamism determines the extent to which flexibility may be required. Specifically, the model specifies that a firm's high commitment work system will have a direct influence on the flexibility of the HR system, as well as climate perceptions about commitment and performance. HR flexibility and climate will in turn influence employees' evaluative attributions regarding the effectiveness of the firm's HR system, which will in turn affect employee commitment and performance and ultimately, firm‐level performance outcomes. And finally, the model specifies that environmental dynamism will have a direct influence on HR flexibility and the resulting employee‐ and firm‐level outcomes. This explanation is designed to have broad utility in light of the adaptive requirements for firms that operate in rapidly changing and highly competitive conditions.Design/methodology/approachThis is a conceptual paper.FindingsThe proposed model provides a more comprehensive explanation of the mechanisms by which a firm's high commitment work practices may influence firm performance, and as such, offers both a diagnostic and prescriptive basis for improving and enhancing the firm's competitive position.Originality/valueThe analysis and discussion presented in this paper demonstrates the need for a broader perspective on the internal and external contingencies that influence the HR‐firm performance relationship. The proposed model addresses this need and offers a more detailed, flexibility‐based explanation of how HCWS affect individual and organizational performance outcomes. It is hoped that this expanded framework offers new insights that will help scholars and practitioners to consider the ways in which HR practices can be leveraged to promote committed, high‐performing employees that help organizations achieve sustained levels of superior performance.
Talent management decision making
Authors: Vaiman Vlad , Scullion Hugh , Collings David 
Published: May 2012

PurposeThe paper sets out to understand the key issues that emerge in the context of decision making.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is a literature review.FindingsFirst, the authors review debates around talent management decision making. Second, they examine some of the main factors currently influencing decision making in talent management. Third, they seek to identify some future research areas that will inform future decision making in talent management.Practical implicationsThe paper will be of interest to practitioners in designing and developing talent management decision systems.Originality/valueThe paper presents a state of the art review of talent management decision marking.
Body image dissatisfaction among food‐related degree students
Authors: Kolka Magdalena , Abayomi Julie 
Published: May 2012

PurposeCurrent western society promotes a strong desirability to be thin. The majority of young females are unhappy with their body shape and wish to be thinner. This can lead to many health problems such as addictive exercising, depression and disordered eating. It is also established that certain groups tend to be more prone to body image dissatisfaction (BID) than others. The purpose of this paper is to determine if there was a high prevalence of BID and/or disordered eating among students studying a food‐related degree course.Design/methodology/approachStudents were recruited via e‐mail. Subjects were weighed, measured and BMI calculated. A software package Anamorphic Micro was used to measure BID and a validated questionnaire “BITE” assessed for disordered eating.FindingsNutrition students had a low mean BMI of 21.8 kg/m2. Despite this, the majority (90 per cent) were dissatisfied with their body; with 83 per cent wishing to be thinner and 60 per cent overestimating their body size. The BITE questionnaire revealed that 30 per cent scored for disordered eating and 10 per cent scored for Bulimia Nervosa.Originality/valueThis paper confirms that students studying food‐related degree courses are at greater risk of developing eating disorders.
Socio‐economic class affects nutritional status but not food habit
Authors: Muzaffar Ali Khan Khattak Muhammad , Akram Zenub 
Published: May 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to compare the nutritional status of two socio‐economic classes, i.e. upper and middle class females, using different approaches apart from body mass index (BMI).Design/methodology/approachIn total, 50 houses were randomly selected from a military officer colony, 25 in each social class on the basis of rank of the retired military officers. From each house a female in between the age range of 30‐50 years was selected and interviewed.FindingsOn overall basis, i.e. socio‐economic class, age and activity level, the respondents were having increase over reference protein and carbohydrate, while decrease over reference fat intake. The respondents were also having lower calcium and iron intakes by 31‐34 per cent and 39‐44 per cent, respectively. The vitamin A intake was also lower by 22‐43 per cent. These data suggest that there are faulty food habits and unnecessary restrictions among the females on energy and nutrients intakes in both classes.Research limitations/implicationsThis research will have significant effect on the readers and will not only warn about the food habit but will also provide information on the misconceptions about dietary intakes and therefore, the energy and nutrients consumptions. Generally, the privileged classes of the society hold the misconceptions about healthy food habits. Furthermore, this study was conducted on free‐living individuals and the data reported are based on confronted questionnaire. Therefore, in such data there are chances of bias because of over‐ or under‐estimation. The sample size was small, which might have affected the results.Practical implicationsImproved life style and healthy eating is of great concern in the learned societies, since the healthy outcome solely depends on these two factors. This paper provides baseline data on two privileged classes, which may be useful in planning of studies and recommendation for social classes.Social implicationsThis could be useful information and could be used in healthy lifestyle and energy and nutrients intakes when studies are to be planned on socioeconomic status.Originality/valueThis research takes into consideration the effect of social class on energy and nutrients intake in the two privileged socioeconomic classes in a military officer colony.
Impact of nutrition education on the nutritional status
Authors: Sachithananthan Vedavalli , Buzgeia Mohammed , Awad Fadwa , Omran Rema , Faraj Amna 
Published: May 2012

PurposeNutrition education is an important measure to improve dietary habits and food choices, since poor dietary habits are the main reason for poor nutritional status of adolescents. In this context, the purpose of this paper is to assess the impact of nutrition education on the nutritional and dietary profile of adolescents and early adults.Design/methodology/approachA pre‐test post‐test experimental design was employed and the study was a cross‐sectional study. From three stratified areas of Benghazi city, two schools were selected by random sampling. From the total of six schools, all the children aged 14‐21 years were selected, amounting to 111 girls and 89 boys. Nutrition education was imparted after initial nutritional (BMI, physical activity) and dietary assessment (food frequency, 24 hour recall) and repeated at weekly intervals. After three months, nutritional and dietary assessments were again repeated.FindingsNo significant changes in BMI and physical activity were observed. A significant reduction in the frequency of intakes of chocolate (p < 0.01), chips (p < 0.01), bread and fast food in the female subjects and bread (p < 0.01), cereals and chocolate in the male subjects were observed. Significant increases were observed with respect to percentage of RDA met by intake of nutrients such as energy, carbohydrate, riboflavin and niacin and a significant decrease in the intake of zinc in male subjects.Originality/valueThe paper shows that nutrition education is the need of the hour, which would help adolescents and early adults to imbibe healthy eating habits.
Steps towards an organic professional kitchen
Authors: Tikkanen Irma 
Published: May 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe the programme Steps Towards an Organic Professional Kitchen (Organic Steps) and how it has been adopted by both the public and private kitchens and a depicted case kitchen.Design/methodology/approachTheoretical framework consists of corporate social responsibility, sustainability of food, and sustainable procurement. Recent research on organic food is introduced. Organic Steps depicting five steps is illustrated, and the interrelated statistics are outlined. Consuming organic products in a case kitchen is described.FindingsDuring the ten years, Organic Steps have been adopted well by the professional kitchens, and especially by the public kitchens. The customers of those kitchens consist mainly of children, young people, and the elderly. However, most kitchens are still employing Step 1. The case kitchen has reached Step 4 and consumes 25 organic products regularly.Practical implicationsOrganic Steps encapsulates a practical model for both the public and the private kitchens in order to gradually move on towards an organic kitchen.Originality/valuePublicly‐financed Organic Steps offers an example of a model, which successfully promotes the consumption of organic food. The long‐term results indicate the programme might be implemented also in other countries.
Evaluating enterprise education: why do it?
Authors: Edwards Louise‐Jayne , Muir Elizabeth J. 
Published: May 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to argue that evaluations of enterprise education need to develop beyond the economist viewpoint of business start‐up and business growth and promote the notion that evaluations of enterprise education should encompass prime pedagogical objectives of enterprise education, enabling students to grow and develop and to shape their own identities in the light of their learning experiences.Design/methodology/approachThe paper reports on one of the key findings (self identity and the entrepreneur) from a PhD study of 18 case studies/life stories of graduate entrepreneurs and their experiences of enterprise education from one university.FindingsIt is found that graduates who start their own businesses are reluctant to call themselves “entrepreneurs”; they question the meaning of the word and its relevance to them and findings suggest that “Entrepreneur” is a label given to them by educators and peers.Research limitations/implicationsThe present study provides a starting point for further research of evaluating enterprise education, through the lens of students and graduates that have taken/are taking part in accredited and non‐accredited enterprise education whilst at university.Originality/valueThe study has proven to be useful in improving the format, content and delivery of enterprise education on campus and also the development of appropriate evaluation tools.
Fashion entrepreneurship education in the UK and China
Authors: Jenny Shi Jiwei , Chen Yudong , Kate Gifford Elena , Jin Hui 
Published: May 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to obtain a shared understanding of entrepreneurship education and to evaluate the effectiveness of employability and enterprise division in current fashion courses and amongst the students between a British and a Chinese university (UClan and SCAU).Design/methodology/approachIt is a three‐stage action‐oriented PMI2 project (Second Prime Minister's Initiative for International Education) in fashion entrepreneurship, which was funded by the British Council. This paper presents the findings of the first stage of the research project. A combination of literature reviews, participant observation, semi‐structured interviews and focus groups were employed to deliver the results at this stage.FindingsThe findings represent similarities and differences between UClan and SCAU related to enterprise entrepreneurship education: identify rationale of evaluating fashion entrepreneurship education; and clarify a shared understanding of entrepreneurship education and the purpose of evaluating the effectiveness.Research limitations/implicationsDue to geographical restrictions and limited resources, smaller‐scale samples were selected to gain a deeper insight into different approaches to fashion enterprise and entrepreneurship education between UClan and SCAU.Practical implicationsThis research will be valuable to academics who wish to develop or enhance fashion entrepreneurship education, in particular with regards to forging links between universities in the UK and China.Social implicationsThis paper will increase awareness of fashion entrepreneurship amongst students, graduates and academics.Originality/valueThis research contributes to the current knowledge and best practice of fashion entrepreneurship education.
Evidences of outsourcing in science and technology libraries of Delhi
Authors: Gupta Dinesh K. , Sharma Veerbala 
Published: May 2012

PurposeThe paper aims to study the status and future trend of outsourcing in science and technology libraries in Delhi.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is the result of the detailed literature survey and a survey conducted on 40 science and technology libraries of Delhi, India. Questionnaire and interview tools of survey were used to collect the primary data.FindingsThe paper reveals that most Indian libraries have been using selective outsourcing for many years, which has had favorable impact on these libraries. The majority of libraries outsource professional‐automated and non‐professional activities and services. They are still not ready to outsource professional traditional library activities and services, whereas the literature shows that internationally libraries outsourced tradition activities and services equally. Indian libraries also want to continue and expand the use of outsourcing in the future, especially digitization, RFID tagging and maintenance.Originality/valueThe Indian library science literature gives just the reflections of outsourcing being practiced in various libraries and no traces of survey(s) conducted in this area. This paper is the first attempt to glance at this widely used concept in almost all types of libraries in one way or another. This paper may open discussions on an area that is being used by all, although they refrain from accepting it, considering outsourcing as an anti‐professional activity.