bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Laboratory Practices on the Incidence Rate of Congenital Hypothyroidism
Authors: Hertzberg Vicki , Mei Joanne , Therrell Bradford L. 
Published: April 2010

OBJECTIVE:Newborn screening (NBS) laboratories in the United States expanded their programs to include primary congenital hypothyroidism (CH) in the 1970s. An increase in the national CH-incidence rate since 1987 has been reported. Our goal was to analyze national data reported by state NBS programs and laboratories from 1991 to 2000 to determine the extent to which changing laboratory methods might have contributed to the reported rise in CH-incidence rate.METHODS:We used generalized estimating equations to analyze the association between the rate of confirmed cases of CH per 100000 live births and the initial screening method (thyroxine [T4] or thyrotropin [TSH] assay), the T4- and TSH-assay methods, the screening-test cutoff value used to report abnormal T4- or thyrotropin-assay results, and the performance of a second screen on ≥80% of newborns in the state. We then evaluated the association of CH rate with year after adjusting for any screening methodology or parameter that was significant in the univariate analysis.RESULTS:During 1991–2000, laboratories that used a TSH assay for initial screening reported a 24% higher incidence rate of CH than those that used a T4 assay. The assay type also affected the incidence rate. Screening for T4 by enzyme immunometric assay (EIA) or fluoroimmunoassay (FIA) methods resulted in 38% and 24% higher incidence rates of CH, respectively, compared with the radioimmunoassay (RIA) method, whereas screening for TSH by the FIA method resulted in a 20% higher incidence rate of CH than did screening with radiochemical methods. During the decade studied, many laboratories changed their T4-assay method from RIA to either FIA or EIA; this particular change seemed to have the greatest impact on the CH-incidence rate.CONCLUSIONS:Although the use of different laboratory methods and screening practices by NBS laboratories affected the incidence rate of CH, after adjusting for screening methodologies and parameters, an increasing incidence rate still persisted during the decade studied. Thus, there seem to be additional unknown factors that contributed to the reported increase in incidence rate.
Producing the Folk at the New Orleans Jazz and Heritage Festival
Authors: Regis Helen A. , Walton Shana 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
In this paper, we consider how the folk are produced and consumed at the New Orleans Jazz and Heritage Festival (Jazz Fest). Founded in the aftermath of the civil rights movement as a cosmopolitan gathering of music, food, and art lovers, Jazz Fest has become one of the world’s largest music festivals. The staging of the festival in the wake of Hurricane Katrina was seen as a symbol of the reviving spirit of New Orleans and showcased the festival as an icon of the city. Blackness and other forms of otherness are central to producing a concentrated experience of cosmopolitanism there and to constructing a "hip" identity. Festgoers and producers are "in the know" about the folk, even as they are separated from them by race, class, and/or education. Those who produce the folk participate in an imaginary leveling of difference, while festival visitors experience the spine-tingling transcendence of musical communion. At the same time, folk artists, demonstrators, vendors, and performers are tightly disciplined by the structures that specify precise limits on what they can and cannot do. A close examination of the production of culture at the New Orleans Jazz and Heritage Festival reveals a reproduction of a racialized social structure in which people of color (mostly African Americans) and other "folks" are sidelined while owner-connoisseurs are able to control presentation and production.
"A Famous and Most Miraculous Prophecy": An Annotated Translation of a Middle Dutch Trickster Poem
Authors: Jongenelen Bas , Parsons Ben 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Een schoone ende wonderlijcke prognosticatie (1560) is one of many Dutch texts dealing with the trickster Till Eulenspiegel, known as "Tijl Uilenspiegel" in the Low Countries and "Owlglass" in England. The poem differs from most Eulenspiegel literature in two key respects. First, it treats the figure as a narrator rather than a character, and second, it seems designed for performance rather than simple recital. We offer here an English translation of this remarkable piece, lightly annotated throughout.
Whispers in an Ice Cream Parlor: Culinary Tourism, Contemporary Legends, and the Urban Interzone
Authors: Ellis Bill 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
A contemporary legend active in 1910 held that white women were at risk of being abducted into involuntary slavery if they visited an ice cream parlor. This article grounds this legend in the emergence of ice cream into everyday American foodways, a trend paralleled by the growing economic impact of Mediterranean immigrants and by the increasing practice of "warehousing" potentially marriageable women of Western and Northern European descent in big-city colleges and technical schools. The ethnic-owned ice cream "parlor" thus became a liminal interzone in which single women engaged in culinary tourism in a way that was seen as dangerous to their ethnic identity.
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Facilitates Healing of Chronic Foot Ulcers in Patients With Diabetes
Authors: Löndahl Magnus , Katzman Per , Nilsson Anders , Hammarlund Christer 
Published: April 2010

OBJECTIVE
Chronic diabetic foot ulcers are a source of major concern for both patients and health care systems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) in the management of chronic diabetic foot ulcers.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
The Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in Diabetics with Chronic Foot Ulcers (HODFU) study was a randomized, single-center, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. The outcomes for the group receiving HBOT were compared with those of the group receiving treatment with hyperbaric air. Treatments were given in a multi-place hyperbaric chamber for 85-min daily (session duration 95 min), five days a week for eight weeks (40 treatment sessions). The study was performed in an ambulatory setting.

RESULTS
Ninety-four patients with Wagner grade 2, 3, or 4 ulcers, which had been present for &gt;3 months, were studied. In the intention-to-treat analysis, complete healing of the index ulcer was achieved in 37 patients at 1-year of follow-up: 25/48 (52%) in the HBOT group and 12/42 (29%) in the placebo group (P = 0.03). In a sub-analysis of those patients completing &gt;35 HBOT sessions, healing of the index ulcer occurred in 23/38 (61%) in the HBOT group and 10/37 (27%) in the placebo group (P = 0.009). The frequency of adverse events was low.

CONCLUSIONS
The HODFU study showed that adjunctive treatment with HBOT facilitates healing of chronic foot ulcers in selected patients with diabetes.
Glycemic Control in Children With Type 1 Diabetes in Wales
Authors: O'Hagan Malachy , Harvey John N. ,   for the Brecon Group
Published: April 2010

OBJECTIVE
To determine whether glycemic control is improving in diabetic children in Wales and to identify factors associated with improvement.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Data were collected in 2001 and 2006.

RESULTS
Over time A1C was reduced from 9.08 ± 1.66 to 8.88 ± 1.63% (P = 0.012). There were differences among centers (P &lt; 0.001) and differential changes over time (interaction P &lt; 0.001). Since 2001 five centers had appointed a pediatric diabetes specialist nurse (PDSN). A1C improved in these centers from 9.59 ± 1.88 to 8.72 ± 1.61% (P &lt; 0.001). Glycemic control was worse in children aged &gt;10 years compared with younger patients (P &lt; 0.001). Improvement occurred in those aged &gt;10 years. Age (P = 0.003) and insulin dose (P &lt; 0.001) were positively and independently associated with A1C. Thus, any influence of PDSNs was not achieved through increased insulin prescription.

CONCLUSIONS
Improvement in glycemic control has occurred. Worse control is associated with greater prescribed insulin dose in older children. Appointment of PDSNs was associated with improved glycemic control among adolescents.
12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-1, 3-acetate induces the negative regulation of protein kinase B by protein kinase Cα during gastric cancer cell apoptosis
Authors: Zhang Bing , Xia Chun 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe PKB signaling pathway is essential for cell survival and the inhibition of apoptosis, but its functional mechanisms have not been fully explored. Previously, we reported that TPA effectively inhibited PKB activity and caused PKB degradation, which was correlated with the repression of PKB phosphorylation at Ser473. In this study, we focus on how PKB is regulated by TPA in gastric cancer cells. One of the TPA targets, PKCα, was found to mediate the inhibition of PKB phosphorylation and degredation caused by TPA. Furthermore, TPA induced the import of PKCα into the nucleus, where PKCα exerted an inhibitory effect on PKB expression and phosphorylation. As a result, cancer cell proliferation was arrested. Our study characterizes a novel function of PKCα in mediating the negative regulation of PKB by TPA, and suggests a potential application in the clinical treatment of gastric cancer.
Maternal serum triglycerides as predictive factors for large‐for‐gestational age newborns in women with gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: SON GA HYUN , KWON JA YOUNG , KIM YOUNG HAN , PARK YONG WON 
Published: April 2010

AbstractObjective. To determine the contribution of maternal lipids in predicting large‐for‐gestational age (LGA) newborns born to women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Design. Retrospective study. Setting. Yonsei University Health System, Korea. Population. A total of 104 women diagnosed with GDM between January 2000 and June 2008. Methods. Women who were positive on the 50 g oral glucose challenge test (24–28 weeks' gestation) and who were referred patients suspected of GDM underwent a 3 hours, 100 g oral glucose tolerance test for GDM diagnosis. Maternal fasting serum triglycerides and total, high‐density lipoprotein (HDL), and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were determined at 24–32 weeks' gestation. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine maternal parameters independently associated with delivering LGA newborns at term. Main outcome measures. Risk contributions for LGA newborns. Results. Maternal fasting serum triglyceride levels were significantly higher in mothers of LGA newborns compared with other mothers; however, no significant correlations were found between newborn birthweight and maternal fasting glucose, total cholesterol, or HDL cholesterol levels. After adjusting for confounding variables including prepregnancy body mass index, weight gain during pregnancy, age, and parity, maternal hypertriglyceridemia at 24–32 weeks' gestation remained an independent parameter for identifying term LGA newborns. Conclusions. In GDM pregnancies, determining maternal serum triglyceride levels during midpregnancy may help identify women likely to give birth to LGA newborns.
Is chemotherapy‐induced neutropenia a prognostic factor in patients with ovarian cancer?
Authors: KIM JAE‐JOON , PARK JEONG‐YEOL , KIM DAE‐YEON , KIM JONG‐HYEOK , KIM YONG‐MAN , NAM JOO‐HYUN , KIM YOUNG‐TAK 
Published: April 2010

AbstractObjective. This study sought to determine if relative neutropenia (RN) following six cycles of paclitaxel/carboplatin could serve as a prognostic factor in patients with ovarian cancer. Design. A single institution, retrospective study. Setting. Tertiary academic referral center, Seoul, Korea Population. A total of 179 patients who underwent primary cytoreductive surgery, followed by six cycles of paclitaxel/carboplatin chemotherapy to treat epithelial ovarian cancer. Methods. Relative neutropenia was defined by an absolute neutrophil count < 1000 neutrophils/mm3 at chemotherapy cycle nadir. To eliminate the effects of dose reduction (DR) and schedule delay (SD) on the outcome of analysis, 49 patients who had this were excluded, and a subset analysis of 130 patients who received standard doses and schedules of chemotherapy was performed. Main outcome measures. Progression free and overall survival. Results. The median progression free survival (PFSs) of neutropenic and non‐neutropenic patients was 34 and 22 months, respectively; the median overall survival (OS) times were 67 and 56 months, respectively, with no significant differences in PFS and OS (p = 0.26, 0.59). Multivariate analysis revealed that stage, clear cell histology, and ≥1 cm residual tumor mass were independent prognostic predictors, while RN was not. In the subset analysis confined to the patients without DR and SD, the results were not changed. Conclusion. Chemotherapy‐induced neutropenia was not a significant prognostic indicator in ovarian cancer patients treated with paclitaxel/carboplatin as first‐line chemotherapy.
Hyperprolactinaemia During Treatment With Paliperidone
Authors: Skopek Michaela , Manoj Puthenpurackal 
Published: April 2010

Objective: The aim of this paper is to highlight the association between antipsychotic medication, in this instance paliperidone, and hyperprolactinaemia, and discuss the impact of this adverse effect on patient management. Method: Four patients with paliperidone-induced hyperprolactinaemia are described with a brief review of the literature. Results: Four female patients aged between 20 and 50 years developed hyperprolactinaemia 3 weeks to 4 months after commencement of treatment with paliperidone. The levels were significantly raised above the normal upper limit of 500 mIU/L, ranging between 1500 and 3996 mIU/L, and returned to within the normal range after cessation of the medication (82–381 mIU/L). Two of the patients were asymptomatic despite significant elevation of prolactin; two experienced galactorrhoea, a distressing adverse effect. Subsequent management was significantly affected. Conclusions: Routine standardized monitoring of prolactin levels may guide treatment choice, avoiding potential disruption to the therapeutic relationship, enhancing compliance with future medication and preventing negative treatment outcomes. Detailed education should accompany the monitoring process and include discussion of the risks of associated adverse effects of antipsychotic medications versus the benefit of significant symptom relief.
Differential Centrifugation of Peanut and Soybean Protein Concentrates as Influenced by Preparation Technique and Heat Treatment1
Authors: Schmidt R. H. , Ahmed E. M. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Protein extracts prepared from defatted Florunner peanuts and Cobb soybeans were dried by spray-, freeze- and drum-drying techniques. Differential centrifugation was performed on 1.0% protein dispersions at 2,000 and 40,000 x g for 20 min at 24°C and at 200,000 × g for 1 hr at 15°C Lowest supernatant protein content under all centrifugation conditions studied was observed in drum-dried protein preparations. Increased centrifugal force from 2,000 to 40,000 × g only slightly affected supernatant protein in freeze-dried and spray-dried oilseed preparations and did not affect drum-dried preparations. Heat treatment (70°C for 30 min) of the protein dispersions increased supernatant protein (2,000 and 40,000 × g) for spray-and drum-dried peanut, and for all soy protein preparations. Heat treatment only slightly affected ultracentrifuge supernatant protein. Sepharose 6B gel filtration indicated four major fractions in spray- and freeze-dried peanut preparations and three major fractions in spray- and freeze-dried soy protein preparations.
Colonization and Biochemical Changes in Peanut Seeds Infected with Aspergillus flavus1
Authors: Deshpande A. S. , Pancholy S. K. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Seeds from three commercially grown peanut cultivars and two “resistant” genotypes had varying degrees of resistance to colonization by the storage fungus, Aspergillus flavus. Peanut genotypes PI337409 and PI337394F had significantly higher resistance to colonization than other tested cultivars. Some of the biochemical changes in peanuts resulting from A. flavus infestation included: Reduction of oil and protein content, rapid increase in free fatty acids and changes in the amino acid composition.
Palatability of Ground Beef Patties Containing Peanut Meal, Structured Soy Protein, and Mechanically Processed Beef
Authors: Cross H. R. , Nichols J. E. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Ground beef patties containing, varying levels of peanut meal, structured soy protein fiber, and mechanically processed beef were formulated. A trained sensory panel evaluated patties for differences in tenderness, juiciness, and cohesiveness. Tenderness was also evaluated with the Universal Instron Testing Machine. Addition to MPB of PM alone increased the tenderness and cohesiveness of ground beef patties but did not affect juiciness. Addition of SPF decreased tenderness and juiciness but did not affect the cohesiveness of ground beef patties. Formulations containing SPF had less cooking loss than formulations without SPF.
Effect of Two Strains of Peanut Mottle Virus on Fatty Acids, Amino Acids, and Protein of Six Peanut Lines1,2
Authors: Hovis Allan R. , Young Clyde T. , Kuhn Cedric W. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivars (Starr and Florunner) and four peanut introductions (PI 261945, 261946, 261973, and 261980) were each separately inoculated with a mild strain (M2) and with the necrosis strain (N) of peanut mottle virus. The effects of these viral strains on the chemical composition of peanut seed were evaluated. The chemical characteristics varied with the type of viral infection. The greatest effect was on fatty acids and the least on the total amino acids. In general, peanuts infected with the necrosis strain showed: (1) a decrease in the percentages of stearic and oleic acids, while linoleic, arachidic, behenic, and lignoceric acids increased, (2) increases in the levels of the free amino acids glycine, alanine, isoleucine, histidine, lysine, and arginine, and (3) the total amino acids exhibited a slight decrease in aspartic acid and a slight increase in methionine. Peanuts infected with the mild strain generallly showed: (1) a slight increase in linoleic acid, (2) little effect on the free amino acids, and (3) a small increase in tyrosine and a slight decrease in serine and aspartic acid for the total amino acids. No treatment effect was noted on protein content.
Effect of Moist Heat Treatment on Sensory Qualities of Peanut Kernels
Authors: Beuchat L. R. , Koehler P. E. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Shelled Florunner cv. peanut kernels adjusted to 12 to 13% moisture were subjected to heat treatments at 60, 90, and 120° C for periods of 1 and 2 hr. Kernels were then dried, oil-roasted, and examined for sensory qualities. Moistened, heated kernels were also inoculated with an aflatoxigenic strain of Aspergillus flavus and analyzed for free fatty acid (FFA) and aflatoxin contents at weekly intervals over a 6-week period of incubation at 30°C. Treatment of moist kernels at 60°C for 1 or 2 hr caused the FFA content to increase from 1.2% (unheated) to 2.2%, whereas treatment at 90 and 120°C for the same periods of time resulted in FFA contents ranging from 10.3 to 13.2%. After 6 weeks, the FFA content of all inoculated and control samples ranged from 11.5 to 14.5%. Sensory panel evaluations of uninoculated, roasted kernels indicated that moist heat treatment at 60°C did not significantly (P ≤ 0.05) alter organoleptic characteristics; treatment at 90°C for 2 hr resulted in significantly lower scores for texture and flavor, whereas treatment at 120°C resulted in a general decrease in all sensory qualities. Kernels heated prior to inoculation with A. flavus did not appear to support growth as well as did unheated kernels early in the 6-week test period.
Inheritance of a Necrotic-etch Leaf Disease in Peanuts1
Authors: Hammons Ray O. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Little is known about the genetic control of diseases of the cultivated peanut, Arachis hypogaea L., and data on qualitatively inherited foliar maladies are rare. This paper reports the mode of inheritance of a disease of unknown cause. A necrotic-etch leaf condition, first observed in 1962, lacks distinctiveness or uniformity of affected areas, but is easily distinguished from foliar diseases caused by known pathogens. Affected plants breed true for the disorder. Attempts to isolate a causal agent have been unsuccessful.
Necrotic-etch leaf is inherited as a qualitatively controlled recessive trait. F1 plants are normal. F2 data for 3338 plants (3155 normal: 183 necrotic) in 44 progenies from 5 cross combinations gave good fits to the digenic 15:1 model, indicating duplicate, unlinked loci.
Gene symbols Ne1 ne1 Ne2 ne2 are proposed.
Free and Total Amino Acid Composition of Maturing Seed from Six Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Cultivars
Authors: Basha S. M. M. , Cherry J. P. , Young C. T. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Maturing seeds of six peanut cultivars (Arachis hypogaea L.) varying in protein content at maturity showed differences in rate of change of dry weight, crude protein, and free and total amino acids. Seeds of the high-protein cultivars increased in dry weight and deposited protein at a more rapid rate between immature and low intermediate stages of maturation than did those of the low- and intermediate-protein cultivars. Free amino acid content in seeds classified as low-intermediate maturity from all cultivars was significantly less than was that of those at the immature stage. The greatest change was in seed of the high-protein group. The rate of change of content of selected free amino acids among seed was different for the three groups of cultivars. Similar observations were noted as the content of select total amino acids increased in maturing seeds. Variations in quantities of free amino acids in immature seeds and differences in the rate at which they are incorporated into proteins of seeds from various cultivars suggest that there is genetic variability in the mechanism for synthesis of selected proteins. These differences also indicate the potential for the development of peanut cultivars having seed with nutritionally desirable protein.
Effect of Location and Time of Harvest on Free Amino Acid and Free Sugar Contents of Florigiant Peanuts1
Authors: Oupadissakoon Chintana , Young Clyde T. , Giesbrecht Francis G. , Perry Astor 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Peanuts, Arachis hypogaea L., Florigiant cv., were grown in North Carolina counties, Northampton, Bertie, Chowan, Halifax, Hertford and Nash in order to determine the influence of locations and harvest dates on the individual free amino acids, free sugars, total sugars, arginine maturity index, and calcium. The peanuts were harvested at weekly intervals up to eight times, starting 125–130 days after planting. Location effects were significant for many precursors of typical roasted peanut flavor (aspartic acid, glutamic acid, peptide, and phenylalanine) and sugars (fructose, glucose, and sucrose). Locations did not significantly influence the atypicl roasted flavor precursors (tyrosine, lysine, and arginine). Changes in free amino acid and free sugar contents during the peanut harvesting period gave both linear and quadratic trends. Both free amino acid and sugar contents decreased after the early harvest times, followed by a flattening out near optimum harvesting period, and eventually increased during the late harvests. At optimum harvesting time, roasted flavor precursors were predominant among free amino acids comprising 64% of the total. Sucrose, a source of sugar reactants, constituted 86% of the total sugars.