bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biotite from Čierna hora Mountains granitoids (Western Carpathians, Slovakia) and estimation of water contents in granitoid melts
Authors: Bónová Katarína , Broska Igor , Petrík Igor 
Published: March 2010

Biotite from Čierna hora Mountains granitoids (Western Carpathians, Slovakia) and estimation of water contents in granitoid meltsBiotite is the dominant ferromagnesian mineral in different granites from the Čierna hora Mountains, in the Western Carpathians (Slovakia). A higher content of Fe3+(up to 20 %) is characteristic for the biotites from I-type Sokoľ and Sopotnica granitoid bodies in contrast to the biotites from S-type Ťahanovce granitoids showing decreased Fe3+amount (around 5 %). The Fe/(Fe + Mg) ratio in biotites from the Sokoľ and Sopotnica massifs between 0.47 and 0.54 is rather low with respect to that in biotite from the Ťahanovce [Fe/(Fe + Mg) = 0.55-0.63] and Miklušovce [Fe/(Fe + Mg) = 0.73-0.81] granite body. Water fugacities and contents calculated using Wones' (1981) calibration of biotite stability equation and Burnham's (1994) water dissolution model yield relatively similar values of 4-5 wt. % in remaining melts at 400 MPa and various levels of fo2and activities of annite for magnetite-bearing assemblages. This suggests an effective buffering role of biotite in both oxygen and water fugacities. Comparison of the peraluminosity index (A/CNK) of biotite with the same index in whole-rock shows distinctly higher A/CNK values for biotite indicating its aluminous character and important role as a significant aluminium carrier. The biotite composition indicates that granitoids in the Čierna hora Mts can be primarily derived from the lower crust; their protolith was influenced by mixing and/or assimilation process.
Thermal evolution of the Malá Fatra Mountains (Central Western Carpathians): insights from zircon and apatite fission track thermochronology
Authors: Danišík Martin , Kohút Milan , Broska Igor , Frisch Wolfgang 
Published: March 2010

Thermal evolution of the Malá Fatra Mountains (Central Western Carpathians): insights from zircon and apatite fission track thermochronologyWe apply zircon and apatite fission track thermochronology (ZFT and AFT, respectively) to the Variscan crystal-line basement of the Malá Fatra Mts (Central Western Carpathians) in order to constrain the thermal history. The samples yielded three Early Cretaceous ZFT ages (143.7±9.6, 143.7±8.3, 135.3±6.9 Ma) and one Eocene age (45.2±2.1 Ma), proving that the basement was affected by a very low-grade Alpine metamorphic overprint. Although the precise timing and mechanisms of the overprint cannot be unequivocally resolved, we propose and discuss three alternative explanations: (i) a Jurassic/Cretaceous thermal event related to elevated heat flow associated with extensional tectonics, (ii) early Late Cretaceous thrusting and/or (iii) an Eocene orogeny. Thermal modelling of the AFT cooling ages (13.8±1.4 to 9.6±0.6 Ma) revealed fast cooling through the apatite partial annealing zone. The cooling is interpreted in terms of exhumation of the basement and creation of topographic relief, as corroborated by the sedimentary record in the surrounding Neogene depressions. Our AFT results significantly refine a general exhumation pattern of basement complexes in the Central Western Carpathians. A younging of AFT ages towards the orogenic front is evident, where all the external massifs located closest to the orogenic front (including Malá Fatra Mts) were exhumed after ~13 Ma from temperatures above ~120 °C.
High-frequency sea-level changes recorded in deep-water carbonates of the Upper Cretaceous Dol Formation (island of Brač, Croatia)
Authors: Bucković Damir , Martinuš Maja , Kukoč Duje , Tešović Blanka , Gušić Ivan 
Published: March 2010

High-frequency sea-level changes recorded in deep-water carbonates of the Upper Cretaceous Dol Formation (island of Brač, Croatia)The upper part of the Middle Coniacian/Santonian-Middle Campanian deep-water Dol Formation of the island of Brač is composed of countless fine-grained allodapic intercalations deposited in an intraplatform trough. Within the studied section 13 beds can be distinguished, each defined by its lower part built up of dark grey limestone with abundance of branched, horizontally to subhorizontally oriented burrows, and the upper part, in which the light grey to white limestone contains larger burrows, rarely branched, showing no preferential orientation. The lower, dark grey, intensively bioturbated levels are interpreted as intervals formed during high-frequency sea-level highstands, while the upper, light grey-to-white levels are interpreted as intervals formed during the high-frequency sea-level lowstands. Cyclic alternation of these two intervals within the fine-grained allodapic beds is interpreted as the interaction between the amount of carbonate production on the platform margin and the periodicity and intensity of shedding and deposition in the distal part of toe-of-slope environment, which is governed by Milankovitch-band high frequency sea-level changes.
The geological position, sedimentary record and composition of the Tylicz Conglomerate (Late Eocene-Oligocene): stratigraphical and paleogeographical implications (Magura Nappe, Polish Outer Carpathians)
Authors: Olszewska Barbara , Oszczypko Nestor 
Published: March 2010

The geological position, sedimentary record and composition of the Tylicz Conglomerate (Late Eocene-Oligocene): stratigraphical and paleogeographical implications (Magura Nappe, Polish Outer Carpathians)During the Late Cretaceous to Paleogene the Magura Basin was supplied with clastic material from, non-existing today, source areas situated on the northern and southern margins of the basin. The northern source area is traditionally connected with Silesian Ridge, whereas the position of the southern one is still under discussion. The Upper Eocene-Oligocene pebbly mudstones of the Tylicz/Krynica facies zone contain exotic material derived from the south-Magura source area. The studied pebbles and clasts contain fragments of crystalline rocks, derived from a continental type of crust, and frequent clasts of Mesozoic to Paleogene deep and shallow-water limestones. Volcanites, rarely granitoides as well as schists, gneisses, quartzites and cataclasites were found in the group of crystalline exotic pebbles. The isotopic ages of "exotic" pebbles from the Tylicz section document a Variscan age of plutonic and metamorphic rocks. The composition of the Tylicz exotic conglomerates occupied the transitional position between the Jarmuta/Proč (Maastrichtian-Lower Eocene) and Strihovce (Eocene) exotic pebbles. The provenance of these rocks could be connected with Eocene exhumation of the SE sector of the Magura Basin basement. Another possibility can be explain by supply of siliciclastic material from a SE source area (Dacia and Tisza Mega-Units) and carbonate material from a S source area (ALCAPA Mega-Unit: Central Carpathian Block and Pieniny Klippen Belt).
Sedimentation of deep-water turbidites in the SW part of the Pannonian Basin
Authors: Vrbanac Boris , Velić Josipa , Malvić Tomislav 
Published: March 2010

Sedimentation of deep-water turbidites in the SW part of the Pannonian BasinThe Sava Depression and the Bjelovar Subdepression belong to the SW margin of the Pannonian Basin System, which was part of the Central Paratethys during the Pannonian period. Upper Pannonian deposits of the Ivanic-Grad Formation in the Sava Depression include several lithostratigraphic members such as Iva and Okoli Sandstone Member or their lateral equivalents, the Zagreb Member and Lipovac Marlstone Member. Their total thickness in the deepest part of the Sava Depression reaches up to 800 meters, while it is 100-200 meters in the margins of the depression. Deposits in the depression are composed of 4 facies. In the period of turbiditic activities these facies are primarily sedimented as different sandstone bodies. In the Bjelovar Subdepression, two lithostratigraphic members (lateral equivalent) were analysed, the Zagreb Member and Okoli Sandstone Member. The thickness of the Bjelovar Subdepression ranges from 50 meters along the S and SE margins to more than 350 meters along the E margin. Generally, detritus in the north-west part of the analysed area originated from a single source, the Eastern Alps, as demonstrated by sedimentological and physical properties, the geometry of the sandstone body and the fossil content. This clastic material was found to be dispersed throughout the elongated and relatively narrow Sava Depression and in the smaller Bjelovar Subdepression. Sedimentation primarily occurred in up to 200 meters water depth and was strongly influenced by the sub-aqueous paleorelief, which determined the direction of the flow of turbidity currents and sandstone body geometries. The main stream with medium- and fine-grained material was separated by two independent turbiditic flows from N-NW to the SE-E. Variability in the thickness of sandstone bodies is the result of differences in subsidence and cycles of progradation and retrogradation of turbidite fans.
Quality assured ultrasound simulator training for the detection of fetal malformations
Authors: STABOULIDOU ISMINI , WÜSTEMANN MAX , VASKE BERNHARD , ELSÄSSER MICHAEL , HILLEMANNS PETER , SCHARF ALEXANDER 
Published: March 2010

AbstractObjective. Sonographic training in obstetrics differs broadly in Germany, although there are clearly defined quality‐oriented requirements. In order to improve professional education, a training concept was devised utilizing an ultrasound simulator system. Design. Between October 2004 and May 2006, 100 obstetric ultrasound training courses were held in 12 federal states of Germany. In these daily courses, doctors were trained in the detection of the most common malformations. Sample. One hundred training courses with a total of 1,266 participants. Methods. As a measure of quality assurance, a standardized questionnaire focusing on testing sonographic proficiency before and after the courses was issued in order to analyze the effect of these simulator‐based ultrasound courses. Main outcome measures. Effectiveness of the method with reference to its potential role in structured sonographic training. Results. The concept found prevailing approval (90%) at the level of principle, practical implementation, and clinical usefulness. Of the participants, 91% estimated their subjective training effect as good. The questionnaire analysis showed significant improvement. On average, 75.3% of the questions relating to sonographic proficiency were answered correctly at the end of the course as opposed to 48.6% at the beginning. Conclusion. Structured ultrasound training courses based on an ultrasound simulator system seem to be useful for defining a basic standardized quality of training and significantly improving examiners’ skills. This is a suitable additional instrument to improve the education in obstetric ultrasound.
Hamman's syndrome associated with pharyngeal rupture occurring during childbirth
Authors: TIXIER HERVÉ , RATTIN CHRISTIAN , DUNAND ALEXIS , PEAUPARDIN YUKIKO , DOUVIER SERGE , SAGOT PAUL , MOURTIALON PASCAL 
Published: March 2010

AbstractHamman's syndrome is the classical association of subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum, with or without pneumothorax. Its onset during the expulsive phase of childbirth is exceptional. We report here the first case associated with pharyngeal rupture at the level of the piriform sinus and describe the warning signs and the management by endoscopy.
Prognostic significance of estrogen and progesterone receptor expression in LNG‐IUS (Mirena®) treatment of endometrial hyperplasia: an immunohistochemical study
Authors: AKESSON EMELIE , GALLOS IOANNIS D. , GANESAN RAJI , VARMA RAJESH , GUPTA JANESH K. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWe performed immunohistochemical analysis of estrogen (ERα) and progesterone receptors (PRA and PRB), phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and aromatase in endometrial hyperplasia treated with Mirena® (levonorgestrel‐releasing intrauterine system; LNG‐IUS) and explored their prognostic significance. The baseline pre‐treatment endometrial hyperplasia of a selected prospective cohort was analyzed [complex (n = 29) and atypical (n = 5)]. Study participants were categorized into those that showed endometrial regression (responders, n = 28) and those that showed non‐regression or histological progression to atypia or malignancy (non‐responders, n = 6). Immunohistochemical expression was expressed as a histological score (HS). Responders compared to non‐responders showed significantly higher HSs for estrogen and progesterone receptors. Absence of estrogen and progesterone receptors predicted non‐responder status with likelihood ratios of 9.33 (95% CI 2.19–39.81) and 2.92 (95% CI 1.47–5.79), respectively. Neither PTEN nor aromatase expression were associated with LNG‐IUS therapy responsiveness. Responsiveness of endometrial hyperplasia to LNG‐IUS therapy may be determined through analysis of baseline estrogen and progesterone receptors, but these exploratory findings require confirmation in a larger dataset.
Prenatal and neonatal Group B Streptococcus screening and serotyping in Lebanon: incidence and implications
Authors: SEOUD MUHEIDDINE , NASSAR ANWAR H. , ZALLOUA PIERRE , BOGHOSSIAN NANSI , EZEDDINE JIHAD , FAKHOURY HASSAN , ABBOUD JOSEPH , MELKI IMAD , ARAJ GEORGE , NACOUZI GHINWA , SANYOURA MAY , YUNIS KHALID ,   For The National Collaborative Perinatal Neonatal Network (NCPNN)
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe study aimed at determining the prevalence, risk factors, perinatal transmission, and serotypes of Group B Streptococcus (GBS) among pregnant women and their newborns in Beirut, Lebanon. This was a cross‐sectional study of all pregnant women admitted from February to September 2006 to three major hospitals. Overall, 137 of 775 (17.7%) mothers and 50 of 682 newborns (7.3%) tested positive for GBS. Maternal colonization was not associated with maternal age, household income, gravidity, intrapartum fever, preterm labor, or premature rupture of membrane. Transmission rate was 40/120 (30%). Serotype 5 (24.1%) was the most common followed by serotype 1a (15.0%), 3 (14.4%), 2 (11.8%) and 1b (7.5%). Pregnant women in Lebanon appear to have a relatively high prevalence of GBS colonization with no identifiable risk factors for its acquisition. These results could provide basis for the institution of a national policy for universal maternal GBS screening to reduce neonatal morbidity and mortality.
A systematic review of etiological factors for postpartum fecal incontinence
Authors: BOLS ESTHER M.J. , HENDRIKS ERIK J.M. , BERGHMANS BARY C.M. , BAETEN COR G.M.I. , NIJHUIS JAN G. , DE BIE ROB A. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBackground. Conflicting results are reported about the contribution of maternal, obstetric and fetal characteristics to postpartum fecal incontinence (FI), which is hampering prevention and management of FI. Objective. To perform a systematic review identifying delivery‐related etiological factors for postpartum FI. Search strategy. Literature searches of PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, DocOnline and reference lists from 1980 up to 2009 were conducted. Selection criteria. Prospective cohort studies evaluating maternal, obstetric or fetal risk factors for postpartum FI, with a follow‐up period of at least three months, were assessed. We reviewed full reports in English, German or Dutch, with anal incontinence (AI), FI, flatus incontinence, soiling, urgency and FI severity scores as reported outcomes. Data collection and analysis. Data on study characteristics, methodological quality and outcome were extracted from 31 studies according to a standardized protocol. Clinical and methodological sources of heterogeneity permitted only a qualitative analysis. Main results. A third‐ or fourth‐degree sphincter rupture was the only etiological factor strongly (AI) or moderately (flatus incontinence) associated with postpartum FI. No association with other postulated risk factors was found, for example, birth weight or instrumental delivery. The potential co‐existence of different risk factors impedes the interpretation of the influence of a single delivery‐related risk factor. Conclusions. This systematic review, including only longitudinal studies and recognizing the importance of separating results for different outcomes, identifies that a third‐ or fourth‐degree sphincter rupture is the only factor that is strongly (AI) or moderately (flatus incontinence) associated with postpartum FI.
Denial of smoking‐related risk among pregnant smokers
Authors: TOMBOR ILDIKÓ , URBÁN RÓBERT , BERKES TÍMEA , DEMETROVICS ZSOLT 
Published: March 2010

AbstractObjective. To examine pregnant women's denial of risk, tobacco dependence and their partner's smoking status on smoking behavior during pregnancy. Design. Cross‐sectional design with convenience sampling. Setting. Data collection was carried out in hospitals and antenatal clinics in Budapest and 12 other Hungarian cities. Population or sample. A total of 406 adult pregnant women (mean age: 28.2 years; SD = 5.6) with a mean gestational age of 23.3 weeks ranging from 4 to 40 (SD = 8.9). Methods. Pregnant women were enrolled in the study by midwives and home‐care attendants. Main outcome measures. Smoking status was assessed by self‐report questions. Further measures included the Fagerstrom Test of Nicotine Dependence to assess nicotine dependence, and the Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Motives to assess the motivational background of smoking. Risk perception was assessed by Haslam and Draper's (2000) 12‐item risk perception questionnaire. Results. Prevalence of occasional and daily smokers was 21.7 and 29.3%, respectively. Some 59.7% of the pregnant women have a partner who smokes. Daily smokers had a higher level of risk denial than occasional or non‐smokers (Welch F = 91.607; p < 0.001). Current smokers also had a higher denial than temporary quitters (t = ‐3.153; p = 0.003). Denial of risk correlated significantly with nicotine dependence (r = 0.30) and the main motivational factors (r = 0.34−0.48). A multinomial logistic regression model of denial of risk concurrently predicted women's smoking status (p = 0.001), even when controlling for age, education, partner's smoking status and parity. Conclusions. A higher level of risk denial seems to be one of the major determinants of women's smoking status during pregnancy.
Anterior to posterior hippocampal MRS metabolite difference is mainly a partial volume effect
Authors: Starck Göran , Vkhoff-Baaz Barbro , Ljungberg Maria , Malmgren Kristina , Forssell-Aronsson Eva , Jönsson Lars , Ekholm Sven 
Published: March 2010

Background: The concentration of N-acetylaspartate (NAA) in hippocampus, as measured with magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), and the ratio of NAA/(choline (Cho) + creatine (Cr)) are valuable tools in the lateralization of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). MRS of hippocampus is also increasingly used to study certain psychiatric and degenerative diseases. However, the reliability of such measurements of hippocampus has been questioned. Purpose: To re-evaluate MRS imaging data from prior control subjects with regard to variation of metabolite concentrations in hippocampus from anterior to posterior and the partial volume ®contribution to the measurements from adjacent tissue. Material and Methods: Twelve healthy subjects, mean age 33 years, were studied with MRS imaging. The measurement volume was angled along the temporal horns and metabolite concentration images were reconstructed at the MR system. Regions of interest (ROIs) in the anterior, medial, and posterior parts of both hippocampi were evaluated. Signal normalization to the total MRS signal from all ROIs permitted pooling of individual data with different and unknown signal scaling. One subject was re-examined with a high resolution three-dimensional (3D) volume of the brain for evaluation of partial volumes in the MRS examination. Results: Overall, there were significantly lower concentrations of NAA in the anterior parts, and of (Cho+Cr) in the posterior parts, while the NAA/(Cho+Cr) ratio in the posterior parts of the mesial temporal lobes was significantly higher. Hippocampus accounted for one-half, one-third, and one-quarter of the anterior, middle, and posterior ROIs, respectively. The NAA/(Cho+Cr) ratio thus showed a reverse relationship to the relative volume of hippocampal tissue within the ROI. Conclusion: Metabolite concentrations in the mesial temporal lobe obtained with MRS imaging represent the mean value of hippocampus and a considerable amount of adjacent tissue. To assess the hippocampus alone, an actual voxel well below 1 cm3 and a sub-centimeter slice thickness are required.
Plasma disc decompression compared with fluoroscopy-guided transforaminal epidural steroid injections for symptomatic contained lumbar disc herniation: a prospective, randomized, controlled trial
Authors: Gerszten Peter C. , Smuck Matthew , Rathmell James P. , Simopoulos Thomas T. , Bhagia Sarjoo M. , Mocek Christopher K. , Crabtree Tami , Bloch Daniel A. 
Published: March 2010

ObjectPatients with radiculopathy, with or without back pain, often do not respond to conservative care and may be considered for epidural steroid injection therapy or a disc decompression procedure. Plasma disc decompression (PDD) using the Coblation SpineWand device is a percutaneous, minimally invasive interventional procedure. The purpose of this study was to evaluate clinical outcomes with PDD as compared with standard care using fluoroscopy-guided transforaminal epidural steroid injection (TFESI) over the course of 2 years.MethodsThis was a multicenter randomized controlled clinical study. Ninety patients (18–66 years old) who had sciatica (visual analog scale score ≥50) associated with a single-level lumbar contained disc herniation were enrolled. In all cases, their condition was refractory to initial conservative care and 1 epidural steroid injection had failed. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either PDD (46 patients) or TFESI (44 patients, up to 2 injections).ResultsThe patients in the PDD Group had significantly greater reduction in leg pain scores and significantly improved Oswestry Disability Index and 36-Item Short Form Health Survey ([SF-36], physical function, bodily pain, social function, and physical components summary) scores than those in the TFESI Group. During the 2-year follow-up, 25 (56%) of the patients in the PDD Group and 11 (28%) of those in the TFESI Group remained free from having a secondary procedure following the study procedure (log-rank p = 0.02). A significantly higher percentage of patients in the PDD Group showed minimum clinically important change in scores for leg and back pain and SF-36 scores that exceeded literature-based minimum clinically important changes. Procedure-related adverse events, including injection site pain, increased leg or back pain, weakness, and lightheadedness, were observed in 5 patients in the PDD Group (7 events) and 7 in the TFESI Group (14 events).ConclusionsIn study patients who had radicular pain associated with a contained lumbar disc herniation, those patients treated with PDD had significantly reduced pain and better quality of life scores than those treated using repeated TFESI. In addition, significantly more PDD patients than TFESI patients avoided having to undergo a secondary procedure during the 2-year study follow-up.