bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional Training in the Management of Chronic Facial Paralysis
Authors: Prakash V. , Hariohm K. , Vijayakumar P. , Thangjam Bindiya D. 
Published: December 2011

Abstract

Background and Purpose
Disability in patients with facial paralysis is the result of impairment or loss of complex and multidimensional functions of the face, including expression of emotions, facial identity, and communication. However, the majority of interventions for facial paralysis are unidimensional and impairment oriented. Thus, a functional training program intended to address various dimensions of disability caused by facial paralysis was devised. This patient-centered, multidimensional approach to the rehabilitation of people with facial paralysis consists of patient education, functional training, and complementary exercises. This approach is focused on various dimensions of disability, including the physical, emotional, and social dimensions, by encouraging context-specific facial functions, positive coping strategies, and social interaction skills.

Case Description
The patient was a 25-year-old woman with chronic complete right facial paralysis caused by a postoperative complication of ear surgery. The patient's problems were evaluated with the Facial Disability Index (physical function subscale score=45/100, social/well-being function subscale score=28/100) and an informal interview exploring her experiences and priorities.

Outcomes
After 8 weeks of functional training, the patient showed considerable improvement in facial functions (physical function subscale score=95/100, social/well-being function subscale score=100/100) and reported positive changes in social interactions and interpersonal relationships.

Discussion
The use of a functional training program was associated with positive changes in emotional expression, psychosocial function, and social integration, thus contributing to reduced disability of a person with chronic facial paralysis.
Are routine repeat imaging and intensive care unit admission necessary in mild traumatic brain injury?
Authors: Washington Chad W. , Grubb Robert L. 
Published: December 2011

Object
More than 1.5 million Americans suffer a traumatic brain injury (TBI) each year. Seventy-five percent of these patients have a mild TBI, with Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) Score 13–15. At the authors' institution, the usual practice has been to admit those patients with an associated intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) to an ICU and to obtain repeat head CT scans 12–24 hours after admission. The purpose of this study was to determine if there exists a subpopulation of mild TBI patients with an abnormal head CT scan that requires neither repeat brain imaging nor admission to an ICU. This group of patients was further classified based on initial clinical factors and imaging characteristics.

Methods
A retrospective review of all patients admitted to a Level I trauma center from January 2007 through December 2008 was performed using the hospital Trauma Registry Database, medical records, and imaging data. The inclusion criteria were as follows: 1) an admission GCS score ≥ 13; 2) an isolated head injury with no other injury requiring ICU admission; 3) an initial head CT scan positive for ICH; and 4) an initial management plan that was nonoperative.
Collected data included age, etiology, initial GCS score, time of injury, duration of ICU stay, duration of hospital stay, and anticoagulation status. Primary outcomes measured were the occurrence of neurological or medical decline and the need for neurosurgical intervention. Imaging data were analyzed and classified based on the predominant blood distribution found on admission imaging. Data were further categorized based on the Marshall CT classification, Rotterdam score, and volume of intraparenchymal hemorrhage (IPH). Progression was defined as an increase in the Marshall classification, an increase in the Rotterdam score, or a 30% increase in IPH volume.

Results
Three hundred twenty-one of 1101 reviewed cases met inclusion criteria for the study. Only 4 patients (1%) suffered a neurological decline and 4 (1%) required nonemergent neurosurgical intervention. There was a medical decline in 18 of the patients (6%) as a result of a combination of events such as respiratory distress, myocardial infarction, and sepsis. Both patient age and the transfusion of blood products were significant predictors of medical decline. Overall patient mortality was 1%.
Based on imaging data, the rate of injury progression was 6%. The only type of ICH found to have a significant rate of progression (53%) was a subfrontal/temporal intraparenchymal contusion. Other variables found to be significant predictors of progression on head CT scans were the use of anticoagulation, an age over 65 years, and a volume of ICH > 10 ml.

Conclusions
Most patients with mild TBI have a good outcome without the necessity of neurosurgical intervention. Mild TBI patients with a convexity SAH, small convexity contusion, small IPH (≤ 10 ml), and/or small subdural hematoma do not require admission to an ICU or repeat imaging in the absence of a neurological decline.
Clinical presentation and surgical outcome of intramedullary spinal cord cavernous malformations
Authors: Tong Xianzeng , Deng Xiaofeng , Li Huan , Fu Zhuang , Xu Yulun 
Published: December 2011

Object
Intramedullary spinal cord cavernous malformations (CMs), once thought to be extremely rare, have been diagnosed more frequently since the advent of MR imaging. In the literature, however, only a few studies include more than 10 cases. The aim of this study was to discuss the clinical presentation of intramedullary spinal cord CMs and the outcome of microsurgery for these histologically benign but clinically progressive lesions.

Methods
The authors retrospectively reviewed the records of 20 patients who underwent microsurgery for intramedullary spinal cord CMs. All patients had undergone pre- and postoperative MR imaging, and they were all treated using microsurgical resection. The diagnosis of spinal cord CMs was based on pathological criteria. The pre- and postoperative neurological states of the patients were classified according to the McCormick scale and Frankel scale. The microsurgical outcomes are presented and discussed.

Results
In most cases, CMs can be diagnosed on the basis of MR imaging findings, since these lesions have certain characteristic imaging patterns. Patients with intramedullary spinal cord CMs may present with either a rapid, acute onset of symptoms or slow, progressive neurological decline. The CMs in 19 of 20 patients in this series were totally resected, and most patients neurologically improved postoperatively. As previously reported, the authors confirm that the treatment of choice for symptomatic intramedullary CMs is total removal of the lesion to avoid recurrence and the possibility of further hemorrhage.

Conclusions
This study has defined the clinical features of symptomatic intramedullary spinal cord CMs. Surgery is the mainstay treatment. Surgical outcome is associated with low mortality with a high probability of functional recovery, especially when symptoms are not severe and are of relatively recent onset.
Analysis of the three United States Food and Drug Administration investigational device exemption cervical arthroplasty trials
Authors: Upadhyaya Cheerag D. , Wu Jau-Ching , Trost Gregory , Haid Regis W. , Traynelis Vincent C. , Tay Bobby , Coric Domagoj , Mummaneni Praveen V. 
Published: December 2011

Object
There are now 3 randomized, multicenter, US FDA investigational device exemption, industry-sponsored studies comparing arthroplasty with anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) for single-level cervical disease with 2 years of follow-up. These 3 studies evaluated the Prestige ST, Bryan, and ProDisc-C artificial discs. The authors analyzed the combined results of these trials.

Methods
A total of 1213 patients with symptomatic, single-level cervical disc disease were randomized into 2 treatment arms in the 3 randomized trials. Six hundred twenty-one patients received an artificial cervical disc, and 592 patients were treated with ACDF. In the three trials, 94% of the arthroplasty group and 87% of the ACDF group have completed 2 years of follow-up. The authors analyzed the 2-year data from these 3 trials including previously unpublished source data. Statistical analysis was performed with fixed and random effects models.

Results
The authors' analysis revealed that segmental sagittal motion was preserved with arthroplasty (preoperatively 7.26° and postoperatively 8.14°) at the 2-year time point. The fusion rate for ACDF at 2 years was 95%. The Neck Disability Index, 36-Item Short Form Health Survey Mental, and Physical Component Summaries, neck pain, and arm pain scores were not statistically different between the groups at the 24-month follow-up. The arthroplasty group demonstrated superior results at 24 months in neurological success (RR 0.595, I2 = 0%, p = 0.006). The arthroplasty group had a lower rate of secondary surgeries at the 2-year time point (RR 0.44, I2 = 0%, p = 0.004). At the 2-year time point, the reoperation rate for adjacent-level disease was lower for the arthroplasty group when the authors analyzed the combined data set using a fixed effects model (RR 0.460, I2 = 2.9%, p = 0.030), but this finding was not significant using a random effects model. Adverse event reporting was too heterogeneous between the 3 trials to combine for analysis.

Conclusions
Both anterior cervical discectomy and fusion as well as arthroplasty demonstrate excellent 2-year surgical results for the treatment of 1-level cervical disc disease with radiculopathy. Arthroplasty is associated with a lower rate of secondary surgery and a higher rate of neurological success at 2 years. Arthroplasty may be associated with a lower rate of adjacent-level disease at 2 years, but further follow-up and analysis are needed to confirm this finding.
Photochemical and thermal intramolecular 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions of new o-stilbene-methylene-3-sydnones and their synthesis
Authors: Butković Kristina , Marinić Željko , Molčanov Krešimir , Kojić-Prodić Biserka , Šindler-Kulyk Marija 
Published: December 2011

New trans- and cis-o-stilbene-methylene-sydnones 3a,b were synthesized by transforming the trans- and cis-o-aminomethylstilbene derivative, obtained by reduction of corresponding o-cyano derivatives, into glycine ester derivatives (43 and 31% yield) followed by hydrolysis (90 and 96% yield), nitrosation and ring closure with acetic acid anhydride (30 and 40% yield). The products were submitted to photochemical and thermal intramolecular [3 + 2] cycloadditions to afford diverse heteropolycyclic compounds. Photochemical reactions afforded cis-3-(4-methylphenyl)-3a,8-dihydro-3H-pyrazolo[5,1-a]isoindole (11, 12.5% yield) and trans-3-(4-methylphenyl)-3a,8-dihydro-3H-pyrazolo[5,1-a]isoindole (12, 5% yield). Thermal reactions afforded 3-(4-methylphenyl)-3,3a,8,8a-tetrahydroindeno[2,1-c]pyrazole (14, 50% yield) and 11-(4-methylphenyl)-9,10-diazatricyclo[7.2.1.02,7]dodeca-2,4,6,10-tetraene (15, 22% yield).
Repeatability and Agreement of 2 Scheimpflug Analyzers in Measuring the Central Corneal Thickness and Anterior Chamber Angle, Volume, and Depth
Authors: Bedei Andrea , Appolloni Ilaria , Madesani Antonio , Pietrelli Alessia , Franceschi Sara , Barabesi Lucio 
Published: December 2011

Purpose To evaluate the repeatability and agreement of 2 Scheimpflug tomographies (Pentacam HR, Oculus GmbH; Sirius, CSO Inc.) in measuring the central corneal thickness (CCT) and depth (ACD), volume (ACV), and angle (ACA) of the anterior chamber. Methods Three consecutive measurements were performed in one eye of each subject, with both instruments. The following were evaluated: CCT, ACD, ACV, and ACA. Repeatability was assessed by the Friedman test and agreement was assessed by 4 different Wilcoxon tests for paired data. Results The study enrolled 30 patients. With Sirius tomography the Friedman test p values for testing homogeneity across measurements was with respect to CCT 0.320, ACD 0.315, ACV 0.171, and ACA 0.020; and with Pentacam CCT 0.191, ACD 0.010, ACV 0.704, and ACA 0.150. The Wilcoxon test p values for testing the measurement homogeneity between the corneal tomography Sirius and Pentacam showed the following: ACD 0.000, ACD 0.000, ACV 0.853, and ACA 0.000. Conclusions The measurements may be considered substantially stable for each corneal tomography and each variable, but the 2 corneal tomographies do not produce statistically equivalent measurements.
Endogenous endophthalmitis with an unusual infective agent: Actinomyces neuii
Authors: Graffi Shmuel , Peretz Avi , Naftali Modi 
Published: December 2011

Purpose To report an unusual case of a patient with endogenous endophthalmitis caused by Actinomyces neuii. Methods and Results A 69-year-old woman in an immunosuppressed state and who had a previous history of periappendicular abscess presented with bilateral red painful eyes. The diagnosis was confirmed by culture and pan-bacterial polymerase chain reaction drawn from anterior chamber sample. On admission, the patient underwent an intravitreal injection of vancomycin combined with ceftazidime. Following a 3-week treatment of intravenous penicillin and topical sulfacetamide sodium, the patient recovered fully. Conclusions Actinomyces neuii can cause endogenous endophthalmitis. Intravenous penicillin G is an effective treatment leading to favorable prognosis.
Prevalence and Clinical Significance of Heparin Induced Antibodies in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients and Cardiac Surgery Patients
Authors: Shavit Linda , Bar-Lev Miriam , Lifschitz Meyer , Fink Daniel , Rudensky Bernard , Slotki Itzchak 
Published: December 2011

Introduction The prevalence of heparin-induced antibodies (HIA) varies widely among reported series, but is generally higher in cardiac surgery than hemodialysis patients. This study was designed to explore the reasons behind the different prevalence of HIA in these two populations. Methods Blood samples from all hemodialysis and cardiac surgery patients in our hospital were examined for HIA. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) was suspected when platelet count was <150,000 in the hemodialysis group, and >50% decline in platelet count in the cardiac surgery group. Results 79 hemodialysis and 40 cardiac surgery patients were studied. HIA prevalence was significantly higher in cardiac surgery than in hemodialysis patients (65% v 10.1%, respectively, P<0.00001). Conversely, the prevalence of suspected clinical HIT was 37.5% in the hemodialysis and 11.5% in the cardiac surgery group. Prevalence of HIA was higher in patients who were tested during the first 90 days of hemodialysis than in those tested at later times. One-year mortality was 37% in HIA positive and 19% in HIA negative hemodialysis patients. Conclusions Prevalence of HIA was significantly lower in hemodialysis as compared with cardiac surgery patients. Our data suggest that the observed difference in HIA prevalence was either population dependent, or due to different timing of heparin administration in the two groups.
Unsupervised adaptation of electroencephalogram signal processing based on fuzzy C‐means algorithm
Authors: Liu Guangquan , Zhang Dingguo , Meng Jianjun , Huang Gan , Zhu Xiangyang 
Published: December 2011

SUMMARYThis paper studies an unsupervised approach for online adaptation of electroencephalogram (EEG) based brain–computer interface (BCI). The approach is based on the fuzzy C‐means (FCM) algorithm. It can be used to improve the adaptability of BCIs to the change in brain states by online updating the linear discriminant analysis classifier. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed approach, we applied it to a set of simulation data and compared with other unsupervised adaptation algorithms. The results show that the FCM‐based algorithm can achieve a desirable capability in adapting to changes and discovering class information from unlabeled data. The algorithm has also been tested by the real EEG data recorded in experiments in our laboratory and the data from other sources (set IIb of the BCI Competition IV). The results of real data are consistent with that of simulation data. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Factors affecting outcome after traumatic limb amputation
Authors: Perkins Z B , De'Ath H D , Sharp G , Tai N R M 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBackgroundTraumatic leg amputation commonly affects young, active people and leads to poor long-term outcomes. The aim of this review was to describe common causes of disability and highlight therapeutic interventions that may optimize outcome after traumatic leg amputation.MethodsA comprehensive search of MEDLINE, Embase and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature databases was performed, using the terms ‘leg injury’, ‘amputation’ and ‘outcome’. Articles reporting outcomes following traumatic leg amputation were included.ResultsStudies demonstrated that pain, psychological illness, decreased physical and vocational function, and increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality were common causes of disability after traumatic leg amputation. The evidence highlights that appropriate preoperative management and operative techniques, in conjunction with suitable rehabilitation and postoperative follow-up, can lead to improved treatment outcome and patient satisfaction.ConclusionPatients who undergo leg amputation after trauma are at risk of poor long-term physical and mental health. Clinicians involved in their care have many opportunities to improve their outcome using a variety of therapeutic variables.
Consumer activity in social media: Managerial approaches to consumers' social media behavior
Authors: Heinonen Kristina 
Published: December 2011

ABSTRACTToday, consumers are involved in a variety of activities, ranging from consuming content to participating in discussions, sharing knowledge with other consumers, and contributing to other consumers' activities. With the enormous interest in social media sites, such as YouTube, MySpace, Facebook, and Wikipedia, consumers are assumed to be actively contributing to marketing content. However, despite the rich opportunities for contributing, recent academic research indicates that consumers are not necessarily as active online as has been believed. The aim of this paper is to conceptualize consumers' activities in social media by examining the motivations behind the activities. By offering a more detailed description of the differences in consumer use of social media, the study extends existing research on consumer activities related to user‐created content. Based on consumer narratives of their social media activity, we identified 15 activities grouped under three themes. The conceptual framework is used to suggest managerial strategies related to different levels of consumer activity. Thus, it provides a tool for uncovering managerial challenges and for planning responses to consumer activities.Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Density functional theory study on catalytic cracking of n‐hexane on heteropoly acid: A comparison with acidic zeolite
Authors: Choomwattana Saowapak , Maihom Thana , Boekfa Bundet , Pantu Piboon , Limtrakul Jumras 
Published: December 2011

AbstractWe have performed a direct comparison of n‐hexane cracking catalysed by a zeolite (H‐ZSM‐5) and a heteropoly acid (phosphotungstic acid, HPW). This comparison was examined by employing density functional theory, including dispersion energy, M06‐L, for the purpose of understanding these two catalysts for this industrially important reaction. The predicted adsorption energies of hexane are −21.4 and −6.8 kcal/mol for H‐ZSM‐5 and HPW, respectively. The protolytic cracking mechanism is proposed to proceed via the first step of the C–C activation and is found to be the rate‐determining step with activation energies of 42.8 and 41.4 kcal/mol for H‐ZSM‐5 and HPW, respectively. We also discuss the advantages and disadvantages of both catalysts for hydrocarbon cracking and give a perspective of utilising cutting‐edge molecular design for a tailor‐made hybrid catalyst. © 2011 Canadian Society for Chemical Engineering
Development of an extremely precise buffer amplifier for AC shunt standards at audio frequencies
Authors: Kon Saytaro , Yamada Tatsuji 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe National Metrology Institute of Japan (AIST, NMIJ) launched a project for the development of AC shunt standards. AC shunts allow the most precise measurement of current. A high‐precision AC shunt is an important component of nonsinusoidal power standards. The AC shunt calibration system helps improve the uncertainty assessments of the national primary power standards. The calibration system design with uncertainties of up to 10 ppm requires a precise buffer amplifier which has uncertainties of up to 1 ppm in the frequency range from 10 Hz to 10 kHz, with other uncertainty components taken care of. The two buffer amplifiers dealt with in this paper were verified to have errors within 2 ppm and uncertainties within 1 ppm in in‐phase and quadrature error in the frequency range from 10 Hz to 10 kHz. This also implies a possibility of reducing both in‐phase and quadrature error at 10 kHz within 1 ppm, by taking advantage of both features. This paper describes the circuit design and evaluation results of two different buffer amplifiers. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 178(4): 24–31, 2012; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.21218
Concentration‐Dependent Dehydrogenation of Ammonia–Borane/Triglyme Mixtures (Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 1/2012)
Authors: Kostka Johannes F. , Schellenberg René , Baitalow Felix , Smolinka Tom , Mertens Florian 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe cover picture shows a graph of the hydrogen release rate from ammonia–borane dissolved in glyme solutions (left). On the right, the compounds formed during the decomposition of ammonia–borane under these conditions as detected by NMR spectroscopy are depicted. The increase of the hydrogen release rate during the course of the reaction as well as the spectroscopic analysis indicate the presence of a complex process governed by multiple pathways. Similarly to the hydrogen release from solid ammonia–borane and in contrast to the low concentration case, the analysis of the decomposition of ammonia–borane in highly concentrated glyme solutions demonstrates that the diammoniate of diborane (DADB) plays a vital role in the overall decomposition scheme. Details are discussed in the article by F. Mertens et al. on p. 49 ff. magnified image
Bestens eingefügt
Authors: Wagner Hermann , Hausmann Laura 
Published: December 2011

AbstractSehen, Hören, Orientieren: Wenn es um die Anpassung an einen Lebensraum geht, wird die Schleiereule zum Modelltier. Mit den nachtaktiven Vögeln von der Natur zu lernen, bringt nicht nur neue grundlegende Erkenntnisse – auch innovative technische Anwendungen rücken näher.
Das Auge des Arbeiters
Authors: Hesse Wolfgang , Seifert Manfred 
Published: December 2011

AbstractFotografie zwischen proletarischem Dasein und politisch‐propagandistischem Kampf: Nach dem Ersten Weltkrieg hielten begeisterte Amateure ihre oft elende Lebenswelt mit der Kamera fest. Jetzt interessiert sich die Wissenschaft für diese vergessene Alltagskultur.