bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Virtual and Material Models of Human Thoracic-Lumbar Spine with Compressive Fracture Based on Patients' CT Data and the Rapid Prototyping Technique
Authors: Dąbrowska-Tkaczyk Anna , Floriańczyk Anna , Grygoruk Roman , Skalski Konstanty , Borkowski Piotr 
Published: February 2012

Virtual and Material Models of Human Thoracic-Lumbar Spine with Compressive Fracture Based on Patients' CT Data and the Rapid Prototyping TechniqueThe paper presents the development procedures for both virtual 3D-CAD and material models of fractured segments of human spine formulated with the use of computer tomography (CT) and rapid prototyping (RP) technique. The research is a part of the project within the framework of which a database is developed, comprising both 3D-CAD and material models of segments of thoracic-lumbar spine in which one vertebrae is subjected to compressive fracture for a selected type of clinical cases. The project is devoted to relocation and stabilisation procedures of fractured vertebrae made with the use of ligamentotaxis method. The paper presents models developed for five patients and, for comparison purposes, one for a normal spine. The RP material models have been built basing on the corresponding 3D-CAD ones with the use of fused deposition modelling (FDM) technology. 3D imaging of spine segments in terms of 3D-CAD and material models allows for the analysis of bone structures, classification of clinical cases and provides the surgeons with the data helpful in choosing the proper way of treatment. The application of the developed models to numerical and experimental simulations of relocation procedure of fractured vertebra is planned.
Patterns of seasonal phytoplankton dynamics as the element of ecological successional changes proceeding in a lake (Lake Kortowskie, northern Poland)
Authors: Jaworska Bożena , Zdanowski Bogusław 
Published: February 2012

Patterns of seasonal phytoplankton dynamics as the element of ecological successional changes proceeding in a lake (Lake Kortowskie, northern Poland)The aim of the research was to determine the successional changes proceeding in the phytoplankton of a lake. The basis of the study was the analysis of long-term seasonal changes in the taxonomic structure and the estimation of the intensity of algal community development in phytoplankton of Lake Kortowskie. Seasonal changes in the phytoplankton taxonomic structure manifested themselves as a decreasing share of Bacillariophyceae in spring and autumn and Chlorophyta in summer phytoplankton. The retreating chlorophytes and the diatoms were replaced by blue-green algae, the increasing share of which caused a reduction in the stability of the remaining phytoplankton taxonomic groups, and consequently, taxonomic shifts and progressive development of the overall phytoplankton community in all phenological seasons. Intensive algal growth was observed in spring and lasted until late autumn. The highest phytoplankton biomass was always recorded in summer. Summer phytoplankton development was related to increased bluegreen algae domination, the massive growth of which was observed from spring to autumn. The development of the Cyanoprokaryota community had a negative impact on the diatoms, since the latter earlier disappeared from the biocenosis in spring and re-developed to a lesser degree in autumn.
The Significance of Business Localization Factors in the Czech Republic
Authors: Jirásková Eliška , Žižka Miroslav 
Published: February 2012

The Significance of Business Localization Factors in the Czech Republic
This article is concerned with the significance of individual localization factors during the decision-making of economic subjects regarding the location of their businesses. In the first phase of the research, the investigated localization factors were divided into four groups into regional, local, business, labor and infrastructure. The selected localization factors were investigated with the help of an empirical examination of thirteen selected economic branches in the secondary and tertiary sectors. In subsequent stages, a statistical analysis of the acquired data was performed; the selected economic sections were compared among themselves; and with the help of a diffusion analysis, the dependence of the evaluation on the size of the enterprise and on the economic activities of the selected respondents was investigated. The main goal of the research was to identify the current localization factors associated with supplier and customer markets and to determine their significance. In the context of the research, the hypothesis was verified that despite the existence of various approaches to determining localization factors, in part there are localization factors that act universally in all economic branches and further factors that specifically manifest themselves only in some branches. In the context of each factor, investigated was whether the evaluation of a factor depends on the economic branch and whether it is possible to consider an investigated factor as universal. It was also determined whether or not the evaluation of a factor is directly proportionate to the size of the business. From the research results, it follows that during localization, businesses place the greatest significance on the availability of information and communications technologies, geographic proximity to customers, availability of qualified human resources and on transportation costs. Localization decision-making is affected by many factors and depends on a large number of circumstances.
Intégration Est-Ouest dans l'Union Européenne : un état des lieux
Authors: Festoc-Louis Frédérique , Roudaut Nolwenn 
Published: February 2012

Le développement accéléré des relations commerciales entre l’Europe de l’Ouest et l’Europe de l’Est a permis une très forte intégration entre ces deux blocs, si bien qu’il semble pertinent de se demander aujourd’hui si le processus de rattrapage n’est pas achevé. Cet article utilise un modèle de gravitation afin d’évaluer le commerce « théorique » entre l’UE-15 et les nouveaux États membres (NEM), et de le comparer aux flux réels. L’équation gravitationnelle est estimée en données de panel sur la période 1990-2005, en utilisant la méthode des variables instrumentales de HAUSMAN-TAYLOR (1981). Les principaux résultats indiquent que les NEM sont parvenus à combler une part importante de leur retard dans les échanges ; qu’à l’Ouest, l’Allemagne est le pays le plus intégré avec l’Europe de l’Est ; et qu’à l’Est, les pays d’Europe Centrale ont davantage rattrapé leur retard que les autres.
La question du franchissement des Alpes : un enjeu de la gouvernance territoriale en Europe
Authors: Klein Olivier , Sutto Lisa 
Published: February 2012

Dans les deux dernières décennies, de nombreuses initiatives ont vu le jour à l’échelle des Alpes dans le domaine spécifique des politiques de transport, mais aussi dans des contextes politiques plus larges, comme la Convention alpine par exemple. Aujourd’hui, la plupart de ces initiatives traversent une phase problématique et d’hésitations, y compris le processus d’élaboration d’une politique nouvelle et « pan-alpine » pour la gestion des flux de trafic, qui semblait être l’un des projets les plus avancés et prometteurs. Après avoir retracé le processus de définition de cette politique, l’article s’interroge sur son avenir en analysant les différents modèles de gouvernance territoriale sous-jacents aux choix politiques. A travers l’exemple de l’espace alpin des transports, on verra que, derrière les alternatives politiques débattues au nom du développement durable, c’est le choix d’un modèle de gouvernance territoriale, plus ou moins intégrée et plus ou moins déconcentrée, qui se dessine en Europe.
Foi et raison scientifique
Authors: Capelle Philippe 
Published: February 2012

Résumé À l’occasion du 10 e anniversaire de l’encyclique Fides et ratio de Jean-Paul II, le pape Benoît XVI vient de faire l’ apologie catholique de la raison dans son rôle à penser l’articulation entre foi chrétienne et philosophie. Jean-Paul II avait déjà regretté la faiblesse de la rationalité philosophique dans les débats actuels. Benoît XVI mentionne un « glissement » moderne dans l’épistémologie et la mise en pratique de la science à l’heure actuelle. Il se caractérise par une déconnexion entre science et éthique, et à la limitation de l’usage de la raison à la seule expérimentation. La science a tort, selon lui, de ne chercher aujourd’hui que le « gain facile ». Poursuivant son débat avec J. Habermas, le pape met en garde non la science elle-même, mais son gauchissement lorsqu’elle ne vise que le gain, ce que les questions éthiques autour des cellules souches illustrent, hélas, de nos jours. La science ne peut elle-même produire des principes éthiques. Elle a besoin pour cela de la philosophie et de la théologie. Le rôle de l’Université est, comme à l’époque médiévale, majeur au service de cette tâche. En ce sens, la foi chrétienne ne s’adresse pas uniquement aux chrétiens, contrairement aux options de J. Rawls. Benoît XVI continue donc de promouvoir interaction et circularité entre théologie et philosophie, et entre foi et raison.
Vladimir Jankélévitch. Les paradoxes d'une éthique résistante
Authors: Schwab Françoise 
Published: February 2012

Résumé Quête morale et réflexion métaphysique sont les deux axes de la pensée de V. Jankélévitch. La morale est don généreux. Elle oblige à prendre parti sur les questions frontières. Chaque acte est irréfragable. La Shoah a fracturé la pensée de Jankélévitch, qui s’est élevé contre l’extermination jusqu’à rompre avec l’Allemagne. La morale est le préalable du questionnement philosophique. Si nécessaire, elle se fait refus absolu dans l’exercice de la vertu de courage, même si l’on met sa vie en péril, même si l’on en devient « impur ». C’est une question de moment favorable au cœur du débat interne et déchirant entre le bien et le mal. La capacité de s’indigner est un moteur puissant de l’action morale, quitte à rejeter les fausses morales. Le pardon est le commandement suprême de cette morale, mais Jankélévitch maintient qu’on ne pardonne pas aux bourreaux parce que l’amour serait plus fort que le mal : pas de banalisation des atrocités. Il est prescrit aux vivants de ne pas se défausser de leur responsabilité vis-à-vis des régimes politiques.
Class B Scavenger Receptor Types I and II and CD36 Targeting Improves Sepsis Survival and Acute Outcomes in Mice
Authors: Leelahavanichkul Asada , Bocharov Alexander V. , Kurlander Roger , Baranova Irina N. , Vishnyakova Tatyana G. , Souza Ana C. P. , Hu Xuzhen , Doi Kent , Vaisman Boris , Amar Marcelo , Sviridov Denis , Chen Zhigang , Remaley Alan T. , Csako Gyorgy , Patterson Amy P. , Yuen Peter S. T. , Star Robert A. , Eggerman Thomas L. 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
Class B scavenger receptors (SR-Bs), such as SR-BI/II or CD36, bind lipoproteins but also mediate bacterial recognition and phagocytosis. In evaluating whether blocking receptors can prevent intracellular bacterial proliferation, phagocyte cytotoxicity, and proinflammatory signaling in bacterial infection/sepsis, we found that SR-BI/II– or CD36-deficient phagocytes are characterized by a reduced intracellular bacterial survival and a lower cytokine response and were protected from bacterial cytotoxicity in the presence of antibiotics. Mice deficient in either SR-BI/II or CD36 are protected from antibiotic-treated cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis, with greatly increased peritoneal granulocytic phagocyte survival (8-fold), a drastic diminution in peritoneal bacteria counts, and a 50–70% reduction in systemic inflammation (serum levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10) and organ damage relative to CLP in wild-type mice. The survival rate of CD36-deficient mice after CLP was 58% compared with 17% in control mice. When compensated for mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid deficiency, SR-BI/II–deficient mice had nearly a 50% survival rate versus 5% in mineralo-/glucocorticoid-treated controls. Targeting SR-B receptors with L-37pA, a peptide that functions as an antagonist of SR-BI/II and CD36 receptors, also increased peritoneal granulocyte counts, as well as reduced peritoneal bacteria and bacterium-induced cytokine secretion. In the CLP mouse sepsis model, L-37pA improved survival from 6 to 27%, reduced multiple organ damage, and improved kidney function. These results demonstrate that the reduction of both SR-BI/II– and CD36-dependent bacterial invasion and inflammatory response in the presence of antibiotic treatment results in granulocyte survival and local bacterial containment, as well as reduces systemic inflammation and organ damage and improves animal survival during severe infections.
Innate NK Cells and Macrophages Recognize and Reject Allogeneic Nonself In Vivo via Different Mechanisms
Authors: Liu Wentao , Xiao Xiang , Demirci Gulcin , Madsen Joren , Li Xian C. 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
Both innate and adaptive immune cells are involved in the allograft response. But how the innate immune cells respond to allotransplants remains poorly defined. In the current study, we examined the roles of NK cells and macrophages in recognizing and rejecting allogeneic cells in vivo. We found that in naive mice NK cells are the primary effector cells in the killing of allogeneic cells via “missing self” recognition. However, in alloantigen-presensitized mice, NK cells are dispensable. Instead, macrophages become alloreactive and readily recognize and reject allogeneic nonself. This effect requires help from activated CD4+ T cells and involves CD40/CD40L engagement, because blocking CD40/CD40L interactions prevents macrophage-mediated rejection of allogeneic cells. Conversely, actively stimulating CD40 triggers macrophage-mediated rejection in the absence of CD4+ T cells. Importantly, alloantigen-primed and CD4+ T cell-helped macrophages (licensed macrophages) exhibit potent regulatory function in vivo in an acute graft-versus-host disease model. Together, our data uncover an important role for macrophages in the alloimmune response and may have important clinical implications.
An overview of prevention and early detection of cervical cancers
Authors: Mishra Gauravi A , Pimple Sharmila A , Shastri Surendra S 
Published: February 2012

AbstractCervical cancer still remains the most common cancer affecting the Indian women. India alone contributes 25.41% and 26.48% of the global burden of cervical cancer cases and mortality, respectively. Ironically, unlike most other cancers, cervical cancer can be prevented through screening by identifying and treating the precancerous lesions, any time during the course of its long natural history, thus preventing the potential progression to cervical carcinoma. Several screening methods, both traditional and newer technologies, are available to screen women for cervical precancers and cancers. No screening test is perfect and hence the choice of screening test will depend on the setting where it is to be used. Similarly, various methods are available for treatment of cervical precancers and the selection will depend on the cost, morbidity, requirement of reliable biopsy specimens, resources available, etc. The recommendations of screening for cervical cancer in the Indian scenario are discussed.
Clear cell sarcoma of kidney: A rare entity
Authors: Lal Nirupma , Singhai Atin 
Published: February 2012

AbstractClear cell sarcoma of the kidney is an uncommon renal neoplasm of childhood. It represents one of the most common unfavorable tumors included in National Wilms′ Tumor Study Group clinical protocols. We came across this rare tumor in a 2-year-old male child. The case report is followed by discussion, stating the differentiating features between Wilms′ and clear cell sarcoma, histological details, treatment, and prognostication.
Congenital acute megakaryocytic leukemia
Authors: Mathur N B , Joshi Neha , Singh T , Singh Meeta 
Published: February 2012

AbstractCongenital leukemia (CL) is an extremely rare disorder in the newborn, significant proportion of which is of myeloid origin, primarily of M4 or M5 morphology. As compared to pediatric leukemia, CL is a more aggressive disease. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML-M7) or acute megakaryocytic leukemia is a rare type of AML with an incidence of 0.5 per million per year. Median age of presentation is 6 years, and children may present with a broad variety of symptoms including low-grade fever, diarrhea, easy bruising, failure to gain weight and life-threatening conditions.
Paravaginal peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor: A rare tumor
Authors: Dutta Samrat , Dasgupta Chandan , Choudhury Kakoli 
Published: February 2012

AbstractPeripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) of the female genital tract, particularly those in the vaginal and paravaginal region, are extremely rare. A 36-year-old woman presented with clinical features similar to that of a case of cervical fibroid. It was only after surgery that the histopathology suggested it to be a malignant round cell tumour and was CD99 positive. She underwent adjuvant chemotherapy with the Ifosfamide and Etoposide alternating with Vincristine, Doxorubicin, and Cyclophosphamide regime and radical radiotherapy. She is disease free at 12 months of follow-up. The importance of immunostaining and adequate histopathology report lies in the fact that the correct diagnosis thus achieved enabled us to manage a rare case of paravaginal PNET with a multimodality approach.
Clear cell carcinoma of ovary with squamous metaplasia: A unique histopathological observation
Authors: Das Prasenjit , Singh Geetika , Kumar Narender , Hariprasad Roopa , Dinda Amit K , Kumar Lalit , Mathur Sandeep R 
Published: February 2012

AbstractSquamous metaplasia though is commonly associated with ovarian endometrioid neoplasm, mixed mullerian tumor and Brenner tumors; it has not been described in an ovarian clear cell carcinoma. Unusual presence of squamous islands, either in the form of morules or keratin plaques, may create diagnostic difficulty in a clear cell carcinoma of ovary, and thus the other common associations should be ruled out. Here, we describe a case of clear cell carcinoma of the ovary, with both gross and microscopically identifiable squamous metaplasia. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on this rare association and should be documented for wider awareness.
Traits that Define the Different Alcohol Intensive Consume Type during the Practice of “Botellon”
Authors: Espejo Begoña , Cortés María Teresa , del Río Beatriz Martín , Giménez José Antonio , Gómez Consolación 
Published: February 2012

There is a phenomenon contributing to the current pattern of alcohol consumption among youngsters in Spain known as “botellon”. From research financed by the National Plan on Drugs (2004-2007), data of 6009 youngsters (14-25 years old) were collected from three Spanish cities. Only individuals who engage in intensive consumption of alcohol (n = 2807) have been included. The purpose of this work has been to identify the different types of consumers at risk through a cluster analysis and to establish a profile for each particular group.Four groups were differentiated by age, gender, alcohol consumption and years of consumption. It was observed that adolescent students and university students of the same sex consume similar quantities of alcohol, and justify their consumption alluding to personal factors, whereas university students refer to issues related to control of leisure. The consumption by males is the highest, and they are the most likely to seek drunkenness. They associate to a lesser degree their consumption with the possibility of developing an addictive process. In general, all youngsters consider that their consumption will have no negative consequences. These results indicate the need to come up with different alternatives, addressing the particularities of each group.
Anxiety, Depression and Coping: CDI, MASC and CRI-Y for Screening Purposes in Schools
Authors: de Matos Margarida Gaspar , Tomé Gina , Borges Ana Inês , Manso Dina , Simões Celeste , Ferreira Aristides 
Published: February 2012

This study used depression (CDI – Kovacs, 1981), anxiety (MASC – March, 1997) and coping strategy (CRI-Y – Moos, 1993) scales and studied the fitness and discriminant validity of reduced versions. The sample consisted of 916 Portuguese pupils, 54.3% feminine, aged 10 to 21 years old. The participants were selected from a set of public schools nation-wide. Two classes were chosen from the 5th to the 12th grades.A set of principal component analyses was carried out in a randomly chosen sample (n = 394) and all the three reduced measures were found to be strongly correlated with the previous. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) using the other part of the sample (n = 522) revealed adjustment indexes suggesting a good fit for both the whole model and gender and age groups separately. All scales revealed a good internal consistency. Globally, girls were more anxious and developed more coping strategies than boys. Older students tended to be less depressed, while younger adolescents present higher scores in depression and anxiety and less coping strategies. Reduced scales are sensitive to gender and age differences and can be used in school settings in order to establish a baseline and roadmaps for both universal and selective mental health school based programs.
Psychometric Properties of the Spanish Human System Audit Short-Scale of Transformational Leadership
Authors: Berger Rita , Romeo Marina , Guardia Joan , Yepes Montserrat , Soria Miguel Angel 
Published: February 2012

The aim of this research is to examine the psychometric properties of a Spanish version of the Human System Audit transformational leadership short-scale (HSA-TFL-ES). It is based on the concept of Bass developed in 1985. The HSA-TFL is a part of the wider Human System Audit frame. We analyzed the HSA-TFL-ES in five different samples with a total number of 1,718 workers at five sectors.Exploratory Factor Analysis corroborated a single factor in all samples that accounted for 66% to 73% of variance. The internal consistency in all samples was good (α = .92 - .95). Evidence was found for the convergent validity of the HSA-TFL-ES and the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire. These results suggested that the HSA-TFL short-scale is a psychometrically sound measure of this construct and can be used for a combined and first overall measurement.
Psychometric Properties of the Spanish Version of the Thougth-Shape Fusion Questionnaire
Authors: Lobera Ignacio Jáuregui , Santed Miguel Angel , Shafran Roz , Santiago María José , Estébanez Sonia 
Published: February 2012

The objectives of the study were to analyze the psychometric properties, factor structure and internal consistency of the Spanish version of the Thought-Shape Fusion Questionnaire (TSF-Q), as well as to determine its validity by evaluating the relationship of the TSF-Q to different instruments.Two groups were studied: one comprising 146 patients with a diagnosis of anorexia (n = 82), bulimia (n = 33) or unspecified eating disorder (n = 31), and another group of 115 undergraduates with no history of psychological disorder. All participants completed the TSF-Q, TAF-Q, EDI-2, STAI, BDI and SCL-90-R. Differences in TSF-Q scores between the diagnostic subgroups were also analyzed.Two factors were obtained which coincided with the two sections indicated by the authors of the questionnaire: conceptual and interpretative. The internal consistency of the TSF-Q and its subscales was determined by means of Cronbach's alpha, with values ranging between .93 and .96. The correlations with other instruments reflected adequate validity. There were no significant differences between the diagnostic subgroups.The Spanish version of the TSF-Q meets the psychometric requirements for measuring thought-shape fusion and shows adequate internal consistency and validity.