bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical Constituents of the Bulbs of Habranthus brachyandrus and Their Cytotoxic Activities.
Authors: Jitsuno Maki , Yokosuka Akihito , Sakagami Hiroshi , Mimaki Yoshihiro 
Published: February 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereoselective Construction of Azetidin‐2‐ones by Electrochemical Intramolecular C—C Bond Forming Reaction.
Authors: Minato Daishirou , Mizuta Satoshi , Kuriyama Masami , Matsumura Yoshihiro , Onomura Osamu 
Published: February 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Mechanisms of the Gold‐Catalyzed Water‐Gas Shift
Authors: Bond Geoffrey 
Published: February 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Anion‐Mediated Asymmetric Ion Pairing Chemistry
Authors: Lacour Jerome , Moraleda Delphine 
Published: February 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Fullerene Self‐Assembly and Supramolecular Nanostructures
Authors: Zhang Er‐Yun , Wang Chun‐Ru 
Published: February 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Developments in Gold Catalysis
Authors: Ramon Ruben S. , Gaillard Sylvain , Nolan Steven P. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Advanced Design of Catalyst Surfaces with Metal Complexes for Selective Catalysis
Authors: Tada Mizuki , Iwasawa Yasuhiro 
Published: February 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Radical‐Based Arylation Methods
Authors: Vaillard Santiago E. , Schulte Birte , Studer Armido 
Published: February 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Chemistry and Biology of LL‐37
Authors: Burton Matthew F. , Steel Patrick G. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A Marriage of Convenience: Combining the Power of Isocyanide‐Based Multicomponent Reactions with the Versatility of (Hetero)norbornene Chemistry
Authors: Basso Andrea , Banfi Luca , Riva Renata 
Published: February 2010

AbstractIsocyanide‐based multicomponent reactions (I‐MCRs) represent a milestone in combinatorial chemistry. Recently, efforts have been made to include I‐MCRs in tandem or sequential pathways to synthesise more complex molecules, and the bicyclo[2.2.1]heptene (norbornene) moiety has been demonstrated to be a very versatile scaffold when employed to broaden the scope of the multicomponent approach, making it perfectly suited for diversity‐oriented synthesis. In addition to this, the (hetero)norbornane/norbornene scaffold has been shown to influence the stereocontrol of the multicomponent condensation strongly, in some instances making this synthetic approach completely stereoselective. Finally, because of their intrinsic complexity, the resulting molecular entities can find many applications, from biology to polymer science. This review summarises the results obtained in this emerging field.
Leadership, rhetoric, and formalist literary theory
Authors: Morrell Kevin 
Published: February 2010

AbstractIn his article, “Educational Research: The Hardest Science of All,” policy scholar David Berliner (2002) asserts that “no unpoetic description of the human condition can ever be complete” (p. 20). Berliner's words echo the epistemological and methodological climate of late 1970s and early 1980s social science research, a phase often characterized as the “literary turn.” In this historical moment, social science scholars turned to interdisciplinary sources, most notably literary theory and the humanities, for new means of addressing the ineffable, aesthetic aspects of human activity. This work and emphasis remains a prominent, growing genre within several fields, exemplified by widespread recognition of Margaret Wheatley's poetic approach to leadership inquiry and pedagogy (2009), frequent inclusion of aesthetic works in leading research journals (such as Qualitative Inquiry), and recent creation of arts‐ and humanities‐based educational research criteria for submissions to the American Educational Research Association's annual conference and sponsored journals.No field of inquiry better illustrates the need to understand human activity as “poetic” than leadership, which is perhaps the quintessential marker of social existence. Accordingly, in this symposium we wish to explore how such interdisciplinary approaches, specifically those grounded in the humanities, have manifested in leadership inquiry and pedagogy. It is our hope that this collection of essays will illustrate the breadth and depth of the field of leadership studies, as well as offer our readers new perspectives and inspiration in their own research and practice.
The revision of intermolecular interactions in 1,3‐dinitrobenzene crystal—the role of nitro groups in optical nonlinearity
Authors: Trzebiatowska‐Gusowska M. , Piela K. , Misiaszek T. , Szostak M. M. , Baran J. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractPolarized Fourier transform‐infrared (FT‐IR) reflectance spectra and powder Raman spectra have been measured for 1,3‐dinitrobenzene crystal in order to revise the assignments of bands by means of the oriented gas model reinforced with quantum chemical [density functional theory (DFT)] calculations. Longitudinal optical/transverse optical (LO‐TO) splitting of some bands is observed indicating medium strong, long‐range, dipole–dipole interactions. The analysis of overtones in the polarized FT‐NIR spectra has allowed us to estimate the anharmonicity of vibrations in the crystal. The molecular motions of the nitro groups are analyzed on the basis of temperature‐dependent polycrystalline IR spectra. Based on the values of the energy difference (Δνel) between the forbidden A1g→B2u transition in the benzene molecule in the gas phase and the first electronic transition in 1,3‐dinitrobenzene, it has been concluded that the intermolecular interactions are medium strong. The nitro group interactions are proposed to play the main role in the optical nonlinearity. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Western Australian sandalwood seed oil: new opportunities
Authors: Hettiarachchi Dhanushka , Liu Yandi , Fox John , Sunderland Bruce 
Published: February 2010

AbstractWestern Australian Sandalwood (Santalum spicatum R.Br.) is an economically important timber crop. Sandalwood seeds have been identified as a potential secondary source of income prior to harvesting the tree. Chemical and toxicological studies of the seed have found that the kernels contain nearly 50% of a drying oil. This oil is comprised mainly of unsaturated fatty acids. The presence of an unusual acetylenic fatty acid has been confirmed. The oil was found to cause no pathological abnormalities in mice but reduced fat deposition. Acetylenic fatty acids are known to inhibit eicosanoids and stimulate certain enzymes, even though dietary consumption is yet to be trialled. The oil has potential uses in cosmetic and external pharmaceutical applications. Vegetable oils used in pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations require high oxidation stability and antioxidant activity and benefit from the presence of other compounds such as sterols and tocopherols. This article summarises the research conducted over a half a century on sandalwood seeds and considers suitable uses and the future research needed to commercialise this oil.
Ranking measures for radially Moore graphs
Authors: Capdevila Carles , Conde Josep , Exoo Geoffrey , Gimbert Joan , López Nacho 
Published: February 2010

AbstractFor graphs with maximum degree d and diameter k, an upper bound on the number of vertices in the graphs is provided by the well‐known Moore bound (denoted by Md,k). Graphs that achieve this bound (Moore graphs) are very rare, and determining how close one can come to the Moore bound has been a major topic in graph theory. Of particular note in this regard are the cage problem and the degree/diameter problem. In this article, we take a different approach and consider questions that arise when we fix the number of vertices in the graph at the Moore bound, but relax, by one, the diameter constraint on a subset of the vertices. In this context, regular graphs of degree d, radius k, diameter k + 1, and order equal to Md,k are called radially Moore graphs. We consider two specific questions. First, we consider the existence question (extending the work of Knor), and second, we consider some natural measures of how well a radially Moore graph approximates a Moore graph. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, 2010
New supersymmetric AdS4 type II vacua
Authors: Tsimpis D. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractWe review the supersymmetric AdS4 ×wℳ︁6 backgrounds of type IIA/IIB supergravity constructed in [1]. In type IIA the supersymmetry is 𝒩 = 2, and the six‐dimensional internal space is locally an S2 bundle over a four‐dimensional Kähler‐Einstein base; in IIB the internal space is the direct product of a circle and a five‐dimensional squashed Sasaki‐Einstein manifold. These backgrounds do not contain any sources, all fluxes (including the Romans mass in IIA) are generally non‐zero, and the dilaton and warp factor are non‐constant. The IIA solutions include the massive deformations of the IIA reduction of the eleven‐dimensional AdS4 × Yp,q solutions, and had been predicted to exist on the basis of the AdS4/CFT3 correspondence.
Evaluating stream restoration: A case study from two partially developed 4th order Connecticut, U.S.A. streams and evaluation monitoring strategies
Authors: Schiff R. , Benoit G. , MacBroom J. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractStream rehabilitation and enhancement projects in the Norwalk River (urban‐forest watershed) and Merrick Brook (agriculture‐forest watershed) were evaluated. Instream structure installation, streambank stabilization and meander re‐creation were performed 2–5 years before monitoring. Physical, chemical and biological variables were monitored at control, enhanced (treatment sites originally controls), impaired and rehabilitated (treatment sites originally impaired) sites for three field seasons to evaluate the projects and formulate monitoring strategies. Small improvements in local habitat and macroinvertebrate assemblages were observed at rehabilitated sites on the Norwalk River however control conditions were not attained. Changes to stream health were less evident at the reach scale suggesting that watershed processes that form and maintain habitat were too altered for more widespread recovery. A localized sediment source from a failing streambank was eliminated from Merrick Brook protecting the abundant nearby quality habitat, yet fining occurred at the rehabilitation site due to hydraulic changes leading to localized shifts in macroinvertebrate assemblages. Single‐season sampling created a useful snapshot to compare enhanced and rehabilitated sites to control and impaired sites. We recommend a tiered sampling strategy where effectiveness monitoring may include a detailed effort at many sites over a short time (as performed here), a relatively low level of detail (e.g. a rapid assessment) at an intermediate number of sites over a short time, and a detailed long‐term monitoring at few sites (e.g. before‐after‐control‐impact, BACI). More research is needed to continue the trend of increased project evaluation to advance the science and application of stream restoration. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Surface topography effects on glow discharge depth profiling analysis
Authors: Trigoulet N. , Hashimoto T. , Molchan I. S. , Skeldon P. , Thompson G. E. , Tempez A. , Chapon P. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractGlow discharge optical emission spectroscopy (GD‐OES) has been shown to be of immense value in elemental depth profiling of thin or thick films on conductive or non‐conductive substrates. For aluminium, GD‐OES has been employed to examine locations of markers and tracers in anodic films, thereby assisting understanding of transport phenomena. In order to investigate the influence of surface topography on depth profiling analysis, anodic aluminium oxide films of various thicknesses, with incorporated electrolyte species, were produced on superpure aluminium substrates of controlled roughnesses. The distributions of incorporated species in the films were subsequently probed. Surface topography modifications and consequent depth resolution degradation were examined during depth profiling analysis performed by GD‐OES. The results reveal that the sputtering process leads to the roughening or smoothing of the surface topography of the specimen for a ratio of the film thickness to the amplitude of the substrate texture less, or greater, than 1 respectively. As a consequence of the surface topography dependence of the ion bombardment, analysis of thin films over rough surfaces suffers from depth resolution limitations due to sputtering‐induced topography changes, thereby limiting quantification of the resultant spectra. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An algebraic semantics for MOF
Authors: Boronat Artur , Meseguer José 
Published: February 2010

AbstractIn model-driven development, software artifacts are represented as models in order to improve productivity, quality, and cost effectiveness. In this area, the meta-object facility (MOF) standard plays a crucial role as a generic framework within which a wide range of modeling languages can be defined. The MOF standard aims at offering a good basis for model-driven development, providing some of the building concepts that are needed: what is a model, what is a metamodel, what is reflection in the MOF framework, and so on. However, most of these concepts are not yet fully formally defined in the current MOF standard. In this paper we define a reflective, algebraic, executable framework for precise metamodeling based on membership equational logic (mel) that supports the MOF standard. Our framework provides a formal semantics of the following notions:metamodel,model, andconformanceof a model to its metamodel. Furthermore, by using the Maude language, which directly supportsmelspecifications, this formal semantics isexecutable. This executable semantics has been integrated within the Eclipse modeling framework as a plugin tool called MOMENT2. In this way, formal analyses, such as semantic consistency checks, model checking of invariants and LTL model checking, become available within Eclipse to provide formal support for model-driven development processes.
Comparison of Preoperative Endoanal Ultrasonography with Intraoperative Findings for Fistula In Ano
Authors: Subasinghe Duminda , Samarasekera Dharmabandhu N. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBackgroundFistula in ano is a common benign anal condition seen in surgical practice. If fistula anatomy is incorrectly delineated or an occult abscess is missed, there is a risk of incomplete healing, recurrence of the fistula, or even iatrogenic sphincter injury from surgery resulting in anal incontinence. Therefore, an imaging modality ideally would provide accurate information that can be used to delineate the tract(s) prior to surgery. The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of endoanal ultrasonography (EAUS) during the preoperative assessment of anal fistula tracts in respect to the type of the fistula, horseshoeing of the tract, and localized collections.MethodsA consecutive series of 64 patients underwent preoperative EAUS assessment of the fistula. All patients subsequently had surgical exploration under anesthesia irrespective of findings at sonography. The operative findings were compared with the US findings. The association between EAUS and operative findings was determined by nonparametric Spearman’s rank correlation (rho) coefficient test.ResultsThe male/female ratio was 58:6. Mean age was 41.53 years (range 11–60 years). EAUS detected the fistula tract in most (95.3%). On EAUS, the primary tract was transsphincteric, intersphincteric, or superficial in 34 (53.1%), 25 (39.1%), and 2 (3.2%) patients, respectively. Localized collections were identified in 24 of the 64 (37.5%) patients (rho = 0.986). The fluid collection locations were 12 intersphincteric, 7 superficial, 4 infralevator, and 1 supralevator. At surgery, 38 (59.4%) fistula tracts were transsphincteric, 17 (26.6%) intersphincteric, 5 (7.8%) suprasphincteric, and 3 (4.7%) superficial. US correctly predicted the primary tract in 71.9% of fistulas (rho = 0.5).ConclusionsEAUS has high accuracy for predicting the type of anal fistula and for detecting associated sepsis/fluid collections. This information is useful for preoperative planning of fistula treatment. EAUS therefore is an accurate test for determining fistula anatomy prior to surgery.
Peritoneal VEGF burden as a predictor of cytoreductive surgery outcome in women with epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Diniz Bizzo Solange Maria , Meira Débora Dummer , Lima José Marinaldo , Mororó Jânio da Silva , Casali‐da‐Rocha José Cláudio , Ornellas Maria Helena Faria 
Published: February 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether peripheral plasma concentration, peritoneal fluid concentration, and/or peritoneal vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) burden can predict the possibility of optimal cytoreduction in women with epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC); and if so, to determine cutoff values below which optimal cytoreduction is likely to occur.MethodsWe measured plasma VEGF concentration, peritoneal VEGF concentration, and VEGF burden in 46 women undergoing cytoreductive surgery. Univariate analysis, bivariate analysis, correlation tests, and stepwise regression were performed with cytoreduction as the outcome.ResultsThe VEGF burden best predicted the outcome. The area under the curve was 0.84 and the log‐transformed cutoff value was 15.52 log pg. Overall, the chance of optimal cytoreduction was 11 times greater when the VEGF burden was less than 15.52 log pg. For women with advanced disease, the chance was 6 times greater below this value.ConclusionThe VEGF burden may quantify tumor activity, and it could be used when selecting patients likely to benefit from induction chemotherapy before undergoing cytoreductive surgery.
When to address level I lymph nodes in neck dissections?
Authors: Ozer Enver , Karapinar Ugur , Ryoo Cherie , Agrawal Amit , Schuller David E. 
Published: February 2010

ObjectiveTo investigate the involvement of level I neck lymph node groups in head and neck carcinoma and compare the effect of primary tumor sites, such as oral cavity (OC), oropharynx (OP), hypopharynx (HP), and larynx (Lx), on level I lymph node metastasis.Study DesignCase series with chart review.SettingComprehensive Cancer Center.Subjects and MethodsA total of 243 patients with OC and laryngopharyngeal carcinoma who underwent neck dissections in the last three years were included in the study. The primary tumor site was OC, followed by OP, Lx, HP, and carcinoma of unknown primary (CUP).ResultsLevel I was involved in 29 of 243 (11.9%) patients. The other levels were also positive in all but five (17.2%) level I–involved patients. The primary tumor site with level I lymph node metastasis was OC (19.1%), followed by CUP (11.1%), OP (9.8%), Lx (4.4%), and HP (0%). The Lx primary site involved level I only if there were multiple other adverse prognostic features, such as N3 neck, extracapsular spread, pathologic involvement of all resected lymph nodes, involvement of all levels I‐V, and invasion of the submandibular gland.ConclusionAlthough the submandibular content is resected as part of radical and modified radical neck dissections, level I–sparing selective neck dissections could be a safe and effective surgical neck management strategy in appropriately selected patients with OP, Lx, and HP carcinoma.
Pulsating aerosols for drug delivery to the sinuses in healthy volunteers
Authors: Möller Winfried , Schuschnig Uwe , Khadem Saba Gülnaz , Meyer Gabriele , Junge‐Hülsing Bernhard , Keller Manfred , Häussinger Karl 
Published: February 2010

ObjectiveApproximately 10 to 15 percent of the European and U.S. population have chronic rhinosinusitis, but effective treatment remains a challenge. There has been limited success using topical drug delivery to the nose and the paranasal cavities/sinuses, in part because most nasally administered aerosol drug formulations are efficiently filtered at the nasal valve and fail to reach the osteomeatal area and sinuses.Study DesignFeasibility study.SettingNuclear medicine department.Subjects and MethodsPulsating airflows were applied to the nasal cavity and sinus ventilation was studied in five healthy human volunteers using dynamic 81mKr‐gas gamma camera imaging. Furthermore, deposition and retention of 99mTc‐DTPA radiolabeled aerosols delivered by nasal pump sprays or by pulsating aerosols was assessed in each volunteer over a 24‐hour period.ResultsOnly the pulsating airflow demonstrated efficient 81mKr‐gas ventilation of the paranasal sinuses. No drug was deposited into the sinuses using nasal pump sprays, but up to 6.5 percent of the nasally administered drug was deposited into the sinuses using pulsating airflow. Clearance kinetics of the drug was reduced after pulsating aerosol delivery compared to nasal pump sprays. Residence time of the drug at the site of deposition was up to three‐fold longer with pulsating aerosol delivery than with nasal pump sprays.ConclusionOur data support the hypothesis that topical drug delivery in relevant quantities to the nose and osteomeatal areas, including the paranasal sinuses, is possible using pulsating airflows. Furthermore, the frequency of drug applications may be reduced due to a delayed clearance and longer residence time.