bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analytical validation of the Mindray CL1200i analyzer high sensitivity cardiac troponin I assay: MERITnI study
Authors: Fabre-Estremera Blanca , Schulz Karen , Ladd Alanna , Sexter Anne , Apple Fred S. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objectives
This study performed an analytical validation study of the Mindray high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) assay addressing limit of blank (LoB), limit of detection (LoD), precision, linearity, analytical specificity and sex-specific 99th percentile upper reference limits.

Methods
LoB, LoD, precision, linearity and analytical specificity were studied according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. We used one reagent lot and one CL1200i analyzer. Skeletal troponin I and T, cardiac troponin T, troponin C, actin, tropomyosin, myosin light chain, myoglobin and creatine kinase (CK-MB) were studied for cross-reactivity. Interference with biotin was examined. Lithium heparin samples (one freeze thaw cycle) from healthy males and females were measured to determine the 99th percentiles by using the non-parametric method. Analyses were performed before and after excluding subjects with clinical conditions and/or increased surrogate biomarkers.

Results
The Mindray hs-cTnI assay met criteria to be considered as a hs-cTn assay. LoB and LoD was <0.1 ng/L and 0.1 ng/L, respectively. Repeatability had a coefficient of variation 1.2–3.8 %, and within-laboratory imprecision 1.7–5.0 %. The measuring interval ranged from 1.1 to 28,180 ng/L. The analytical specificity was clinically acceptable for the interferents studied. After exclusions, the 99th percentile URLs obtained were 10 ng/L overall, 5 ng/L for females and 12 ng/L for males.

Conclusions
Analytical observations of the Mindray hs-cTnI assay demonstrated excellent LoB, LoD, precision, linearity and analytical specificity, that were in alignment with the manufacturer’s claims and regulatory guidelines for hs-cTnI. The assay is suitable for clinical investigation for patient-oriented studies.
Antiquity and Modernity at a Standstill—Interpretating Walter Benjamin’s Allegorical Image and Dialectical Image Through Charles Baudelaire
Authors: Fan Jiani 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In the preliminary schematization of the Arcades Project, Walter Benjamin conceived the title “Antiquity and Modernity” for the second part of the book. In his unpublished paper “Introduction to Charles Baudelaire: A Lyric Poet in the Era of High Capitalism,” Michael Jennings asserts that the second part of the book on Baudelaire develops, as a formal element of allegorical perception, the “dissolve” through which antiquity comes to light in modernity and modernity in antiquity. In Baudelaire’s terms, nothing in his own century comes closer to the task of the hero of antiquity than the task of giving form to modernity. This paper investigates how Walter Benjamin, by interpreting Baudelaire’s two poems—“The Swan” and “To a Woman Passing By”—processed a symptomatic diagnosis of modernity and attempted different methods of salvation for modernity. In the first attempt, Benjamin resorts to the allegorical images of ancient myths to break through the projection of the linear chain of historical progress, but he suffers from a sense of incurable melancholy and nostalgia due to the irretrievable ancient grandeur in modernity. In the second attempt, he replaces these melancholic allegories with dialectic images in the hope of awakening the masses from the Capitalist phantasmagoria. Nevertheless, from a fundamentalist Marxist point of view, Walter Benjamin’s mystification of Marxist dialectics and his revised Marxism focus mainly on the transformation of consciousness. It is thus arguable that Benjamin distorted and reversed the hierarchy of superstructure and economic base in the orthodox Marxist historical materialism. More regrettably, Benjamin’s dialectic image pales into insignificance due to its confinement within the transformation of mass consciousness and its renouncement of revolution in the economic and production realms.
Effects of addition of Er and Zr on microstructure and mechanical properties of Al–Cu–Mn–Si–Mg alloy
Authors: Ma Chenxi , Rong Li , Wei Wu , Wen Shengping , Wang Zezhong , Zhou Li , Chen Jiongshen , Wang Xiaobo , Huang Hui 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The effects of addition of Er and Zr on the aging precipitation phase and mechanical properties in cast Al–Cu–Mn–Si–Mg alloy were studied. The addition of Er and Zr can refine the as-cast grains. The average grain size of as-cast alloy containing Er and Zr is 140.60 μm, while the average grain size of as-cast alloy without Er and Zr is 168.54 μm. After T6 heat treatment, the yield strength of the alloy containing Er and Zr reached 334.3 MPa, while the yield strength of the alloy without Er and Zr was only 284.3 MPa. After aging the strengthening precipitates of both alloys contain θ′ phase, Q′ phase and T phase. In the alloys containing Er and Zr the Al3(Er, Zr) phase with L12 structure precipitated during the solution process, which reduced the diameter of the θ′ phase during subsequent aging. After T6 heat treatment, the precipitation strengthening contributed 67.09 % and 61.31 % to the total strength of the alloy with Er, Zr and without Er, Zr, respectively.
Cato as Disruptor: Republican ideology and the frustrated imperatores of the 60 s and 50 s BCE
Authors: Segal Noah 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Triumphal policing in the 60 s and 50 s BCE was unusually intense. During this period, nearly all triumphatores were forced to wait for years ad urbem (outside the pomerium) while their petitions were obstructed by their opponents, a trend that certainly contributed to an historically low rate of processions (an average of around one every three years). No figure appears as frequently in our evidence for triumphal policing and obstruction in the late Republic as Cato the Younger. Whereas scholarship has previously discussed his triumphal interventions through familiar (and problematic) lenses (e. g., Cato the “arch-conservative,” Cato the “political nemesis of Caesar,” Cato the “unrealistic citizen of Plato’s Republic”), this piece offers a new reading of Cato’s letter on the topic (Fam. 15.5), contending that Cato’s interest in the triumph was motivated by his anxiety over the use of military achievement to legitimize aristocratic political power. When read correctly and in context, Cato’s beliefs and actions regarding the triumph were revisionist, not conservative; ideological, not personal; and genuinely interested in bringing about tangible change in Roman political culture.
Thermoformed products from high-density polyethylene and Softwood kraft pulp
Authors: Desnoes Eric , Deshaies Pascale , Bideau Benoit , Rubiano Jorge 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Plastic recycling, waste minimization such as process outfall valorization promotes a circular economy. Herein, food trays have been produced in the moulded pulp thermoforming process. To this end, high-density polyethylene (HDPE) outfall has been dispersed in water via Poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) addition in a Northern Bleached Softwood Kraft Pulp (NBSKP) slurry. Samples physical and mechanical properties have been evaluated. With an increasing HDPE content, parts air permeability was drastically reduced to a minimum of 2.4 ± 0.8 mL min−1. In addition, water and grease hold out properties have been increased with minimum water Cobb1800 value of 10.9 ± 5.4 gm−2 and oil Cobb1800 value of 13.18 ± 6.5 gm−2. Samples with high HDPE content demonstrated hydrophobic surface with water contact angle value above 90°. HDPE melting and binding to wood pulp fibers was monitored by SEM images. Regarding the mechanical properties, HDPE induced plastic deformation with a reduced Young modulus by 17 %. Moreover, the addition of HDPE increased wet strength by 81 %. However, the produced food tray composites with high HDPE content demonstrated low repulpability index.
Multilingualism as right and choice: A case study of Slovene speakers in Northeast Italy
Authors: Grgič Matejka 
Published: May 2024

Summary
This article is based on a case study of Slovene speakers in north-western Italy and their attitudes towards language use and policy. Although the legal protection and support for the development of minority, regional, and non-dominant languages in Europe have made a remarkable progress, minority language communities still face many serious challenges. On the one hand, the level of their respective legal protection is often not efficient enough. On the other hand, legal protection provides only formal conditions for language maintenance, which has nothing to do with motivation, proficiency, or improvement. Today, most minority speakers in Europe are allowed and encouraged to use their home language in the public; but the question is whether they are motivated to do so. By studying the speakers of Slovene in Italy, my aim is to point at importance of colloquial local and non-local (koiné) varieties in maintaining minority language and bilingualism.
Language in post-Yugoslav Montenegro: An unstable complex of contested values
Authors: Henzelmann Martin 
Published: May 2024

Summary
This study highlights the language issue in Montenegro and demonstrates why language in the country represents an unstable and negotiable complex of values. First, it introduces some theoretical aspects that explain how a value can be attributed to a language. Second, it traces the circumstances under which Montenegro developed into an independent state after 1991, as well as the impact this had on the issue of language in the country. Third, the causes of fluid language identities are explained before focusing on an evaluation of the academic debate on the language issue. This debate has generated two antagonistic currents, and their respective value-driven principles are exemplified. The study concludes with an analysis of why the conflation of social opinion and scholarly viewpoints has resulted in Montenegro being the only country in the former Yugoslavia today where no causal relation between glottonym and ethnonym can be discerned.
Contemporary Croatian future II: a tense or a mood?
Authors: Benić Mislav 
Published: May 2024

Summary
This paper seeks to determine the place of contemporary standard Croatian future II in the verbal system and to define its meaning more accurately. What applies to Standard Croatian is assumed to apply to the majority of Štokavian and Čakavian dialects as well. While the primary focus of this work is modern future II, some of its older meanings are mentioned briefly in Section 4. Modern Croatian future II is peculiar in several ways, due in part to its unclear place in the verbal system: some linguists treat it as a tense (i. e. as an indicative tense), others as a mood (i. e. as a non-indicative tense). This paper attempts to resolve that disagreement by comparing future II with future I in similar contexts. The difference between the two future forms is difficult to interpret as a difference between categories but, in any case, it is modal rather than temporal. In that sense, future II functions as an ‘oblique’ mood in relation to future I, which belongs to the indicative. Whereas future I refers to a future process anchored in the present, future II refers to one that is not. The anchoredness of a future process in the present is understood chiefly as a relatively concrete concept: one that increases the conviction that a process will be realised. The non-indicativity of future II is also corroborated by the situation in languages that use the subjunctive to express the future II meanings. Future II as an oblique mood, whether formed using the l-participle or the infinitive, is a logical consequence of its development from earlier indicative forms.
Egda žena otročęmь xoditъ. On the 5th prescription in the Old Church Slavic Folia medicinalia
Authors: Wandl Florian , Szeptyński Rafał 
Published: May 2024

Summary
The interpretation of prescription No 5 of the Old Church Slavic Folia medicinalia crucially depends on the reading of the two phrasemes otročęmь xoditъ and ne puštaetъ sę kry. In this paper, we present hitherto unnoticed evidence from East and West Slavic that confirms the earlier reading of otročęmь xoditъ as ‘is pregnant’. As for the second phraseme, we explore both a middle (‘blood does not release’) and a passive reading (‘blood is not let’). Invoking philological evidence from ancient and medieval sources, we conclude that both readings allow for plausible interpretations. We suggest that regardless of whether the middle or the passive reading is preferred, the purpose of prescription No 5 can be identified with providing cleansing of the female body during pregnancy. Finally, we discuss the ingredients occurring in the prescription. We conclude that existing identifications of the phytonym *osъtъ are problematic and suggest that the characteristics of the plant described in the prescriptions as well as the adjective attribute velikъi could provide clues for identifying it in future research.
Therapeutic effects of oral benzoic acid application during acute murine campylobacteriosis
Authors: Du Ke , Mousavi Soraya , Foote Minnja S. , Bereswill Stefan , Heimesaat Markus M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSerious risks to human health are posed by acute campylobacteriosis, an enteritis syndrome caused by oral infection with the food-borne bacterial enteropathogen Campylobacter jejuni. Since the risk for developing post-infectious autoimmune complications is intertwined with the severity of enteritis, the search of disease-mitigating compounds is highly demanded. Given that benzoic acid is an organic acid with well-studied health-promoting including anti-inflammatory effects we tested in our present study whether the compound might be a therapeutic option to alleviate acute murine campylobacteriosis. Therefore, microbiota-depleted IL-10−/− mice were perorally infected with C. jejuni and received benzoic acid through the drinking water from day 2 until day 6 post-infection. The results revealed that benzoic acid treatment did not affect C. jejuni colonization in the gastrointestinal tract, but alleviated clinical signs of acute campylobacteriosis, particularly diarrheal and wasting symptoms. In addition, benzoic acid mitigated apoptotic cell responses in the colonic epithelia and led to reduced pro-inflammatory immune reactions in intestinal, extra-intestinal, and systemic compartments tested on day 6 post-infection. Hence, our preclinical placebo-controlled intervention trial revealed that benzoic acid constitutes a promising therapeutic option for treating acute campylobacteriosis in an antibiotic-independent fashion and in consequence, also for reducing the risk of post-infectious autoimmune diseases.
Factors Influencing Social Participation of Older People in Russia: Study of Practices of Delayed Ageing
Authors: Grigoryeva Irina A. , Parfenova Oksana A. , Vidiasova Lyudmila A. 
Published: May 2024

The article presents the results of a study of the social participation of Russian citizens aged 60 and over. The analysis is based on the concept of extended adulthood or delayed ageing, which is a continuation or development of “active ageing.” Extended adulthood is understood from a sociological perspective as the preservation of the social status and role of an independent person participating in the life of society. Our main research question is “What factors and how do they influence the social activity of older people in modern Russian society?” Our research is based on a quantitative survey, consisting of a corpus of 210 questionnaires collected in a medical institution from older people aged 60 and over, supplemented by data from their medical records. For data triangulation and thick description, we use the material from 50 in-depth semi-structured interviews. All material was collected in 2022–2023. The data are strictly anonymous. Among the various forms of social participation and involvement of older people in activities, the most important is employment, which increases income. Internet use helps to prolong social participation and not to feel old. After the age of 75, the range of activities decreases and focuses on family and relatives. The very concepts of “ageing” and “elderly” themselves have predominantly negative connotations for both respondents and informants and are associated with inactivity, illness, loss of interests and abilities, etc. This allows us to consider the concept of extended adulthood/delayed ageing as the most effective and appropriate for studying ageing and changes in ageing policies.
From Informal to Formal: Features of Volunteering in Arab Countries
Authors: Ivanov Viacheslav A. , El Eryan El Sayed 
Published: May 2024

The paper examines the potential of Arab volunteers in solving social problems in their communities. Conceptually, volunteering is viewed as both part of social participation and a form of helping behavior. The research is based on the analysis of data from an online survey conducted among adult volunteers from 20 countries in the North Africa, Middle East, and Gulf regions. These countries include Algeria, Bahrain, Djibouti, Egypt, Jordan, Iraq, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Sudan, Tunisia, Yemen, and the Palestinian territories. The study identifies distinctive features of Arab volunteers engaged in diverse forms of helping behavior, including their social, demographic, and other characteristics. Remarkably, Arab volunteers showed the same level of trust at both near and far social distances, which distinguishes them from Russian volunteers. The findings suggest that there is a positive environment for the further development of formal volunteering in the Arab world. It has been found that targeted government support has significantly contributed to the development of the culture of volunteering and building its infrastructure in countries of the Arab region.
Youth Participation in Citizen Science: Problems and Opportunities of Engagement in Russian Context
Authors: Romashkina Gulnara F. , Andrianova Elena V. , Khudyakova Marina V. 
Published: May 2024

We present a study of social participation in Citizen Science. The aim is to identify the problems and opportunities for attracting young people to Citizen Science using an example of genetic research projects held in 2020–2023 in Russia. The paper briefly reviews the development of the understanding and use of Citizen Science, as well as shows its application in genetic research. Empirical data were obtained in the course of qualitative and mass quantitative sociological studies. Scientific, organizational, and social contexts of wide involvement of people in scientific activity are shown. The narratives and motives of interested parties are analyzed. The study revealed limited development of Citizen Science practices in Russia, as well as the underdevelopment of the infrastructure for expanding social participation in scientific research. Moreover, professional scientists in natural sciences show contradictory attitudes and doubts about the involving volunteers in scientific research. We conclude that critical and doubtful attitudes towards Citizen Science decrease as practical experience of interaction is gained. According to data from mass sociological studies, there are significant differences in young people’s assessments of scientific activity and participation in volunteer practices, especially at school age. The necessity to draw public attention to the potential of using Citizen Science in a broad sense has been demonstrated.
Experiences in “Letting the Public in”: Tentative Conclusions on the Administration-Public Tango for Co-Responsible Local Governance
Authors: Cernicova-Buca Mariana 
Published: May 2024

Governance and citizenship issues are more complex, and communities recognize the need for a new approach to mobilization, participation in creation and welfare, and a joint responsibility for the implementation of public life management principles. The paper proposes a view of Romania’s struggles to work from the bottom up by experimenting with various European models in a common framework of local administration to encourage citizen participation. After initial enthusiasm for a process led by the Council of Europe aimed at creating co-responsibility areas, administrative practices showed that local governments refused to grant the prerogative of leading public policies and distributing budgets. The model of co-responsibility aims to restore participatory democracy, ensure sustainable development, and reconfigure relations between social actors such as governments, enterprises, civil society, families, and individuals. However, progress has been slow, and as the example described in Timișoara, Romania’s largest western city, shows, it has still a long way to go before the implementation of participatory governance, for example, in the form of budget allocations, is appreciated positively by the local population. This paper is based on participatory observations, media monitoring, and the study of key actors involved in promoting co-participatory processing at the local level.
How the Enlargement Affects European Union Legislative Process
Authors: Kaveshnikov Nikolay Yu. , Domanov Aleksey O. 
Published: May 2024

This article contributes to the ongoing debate regarding the systemic impact of EU enlargements on the duration of the legislative process. Two methods, interrupted time series analysis and survival analysis (the Cox model), are used to show the effects of enlargements, using empirical data comprising EU secondary law directives and regulations. A key distinction of this study from most similar research lies in its focus on distinguishing between legislative and implementing acts, which mitigates the risk of conflating the analysis due to substantial differences in their adoption processes. The methodology and research design help us disentangle the enlargement effects from those of the Treaty reforms and other institutional and structural parameters of the EU decision-making process. The findings reveal a significant acceleration of the legislative process at the moment of the 2004 enlargement, essentially confirming our prior research results. The validity of our conclusions is substantially enhanced by the improvements in modeling techniques. The article also explores potential reasons for the acceleration of the legislative process and concludes that the most likely cause is the refinement of working methods in the Council.
Integrative Model of Shared Reality and Identity-Emotion-Efficacy Factors of Pro-Environmental Action
Authors: Shadiqi Muhammad Abdan , Hasan Khaerullah Fadhli Arasy , Mustafa Nabila Regita Putri , Saubari Ahmad , Nafarin Husein , Asfajar Ayub Faizal , Putra Muhammad Iqbal Suryawan , Fajaryanti Nining , Hasan Kamarul 
Published: May 2024

Several theoretical models explain the influence of identity factors on pro-environmental action; however, an integrative explanation of these factors is required, especially in nonactivist samples. This study aims to determine the mediating effects of social identity, group-based anger, and group efficacy on the relationship between shared reality and pro-environmental action. We use a correlational survey method on 258 and 305 students in Studies 1 and 2, respectively. The full structural equation model found that the model well fits both studies. Consistently in the two studies, shared reality positively predicts social identity, group-based anger, and group efficacy. We found that these factors mediate the relationship between shared reality and pro-environmental action. These findings conclude that ordinary people sharing the same environmental reality catalyze the formation of identity, emotion, and efficacy factors.