bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Music therapy for Alzheimer’s disease management: a narrative review
Authors: Nikkhah Bahrami Sahar , Momtazmanesh Sara , Rezaei Nima 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD), the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, is escalating globally. Characterized by cognitive decline, emotional instability, and neuropsychiatric symptoms, AD presents a growing challenge for effective management. Current pharmaceutical treatments, primarily acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and memantine, offer symptomatic relief but fail to halt disease progression or significantly address psychiatric manifestations. Consequently, non-pharmacological interventions, particularly music therapy, have garnered attention as potential adjunctive treatments. Musical memory is regarded as completely distinct from other memory processes, and patients with AD retain some musical recall despite the significant cognitive decline. In addition, music therapy is well-tolerated by the vast majority of patients and easy to administer. Herein, the mechanisms of music as a memory enhancer, how musical memory is preserved in AD, active and passive music therapy methods and their effects on each function, and factors affecting the efficacy of music therapy, such as music selection and genre, are discussed. Additional research is required to determine the optimal duration of music therapy sessions for patients to experience long-term benefits. In addition, as patients in severe stages cannot participate fully in music therapy sessions due to their disability, additional research finding a solution to this issue would be helpful.
Determinant factors of banking profitability: an application of quantile regression for panel data
Authors: Bortoluzzo Adriana Bruscato , Ciganda Rodrigo Ricardo , Bortoluzzo Mauricio Mesquita 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study examines the determinants of bank profitability using a quantile regression approach, offering insights into factors affecting banks across different percentiles of profitability. Utilizing a comprehensive database from Orbis covering 1200 top-market institutions across 101 countries, the research uniquely employs dynamic panel quantile regression while addressing sample survival bias. Our findings highlight that bank size and capital adequacy negatively impact profitability, whereas market value exerts a positive influence on higher profitability banks. Credit risk affects profitability differently across levels of profitability, and inflation rate shows significance only for higher profitability banks. The study contributes to the existing literature by offering valuable insights into the factors determining bank profitability and how they behave at different percentiles in the sample, suggesting the importance of bank efficiency and competition in promoting economic growth.
Genome-wide identification, characterization, and expression analysis of the small auxin-up RNA gene family during zygotic and somatic embryo maturation of the cacao tree (Theobroma cacao)
Authors: Chu Ngoc Thi Bich , Le Man Thi , La Hong Viet , Le Quynh Thi Ngoc , Le Thao Duc , Tran Huyen Thi Thanh , Tran Lan Thi Mai , Le Chi Toan , Nguyen Dung Viet , Cao Phi Bang , Chu Ha Duc 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSmall auxin-up RNA (SAUR) proteins were known as a large family that supposedly participated in various biological processes in higher plant species. However, the SAUR family has been still not explored in cacao (Theobroma cacao L.), one of the most important industrial trees. The present work, as an in silico study, revealed comprehensive aspects of the structure, phylogeny, and expression of TcSAUR gene family in cacao. A total of 90 members of the TcSAUR gene family have been identified and annotated in the cacao genome. According to the physic-chemical features analysis, all TcSAUR proteins exhibited slightly similar characteristics. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these TcSAUR proteins could be categorized into seven distinct groups, with 10 sub-groups. Our results suggested that tandemly duplication events, segmental duplication events, and whole genome duplication events might be important in the growth of the TcSAUR gene family in cacao. By re-analyzing the available transcriptome databases, we found that a number of TcSAUR genes were exclusively expressed during the zygotic embryogenesis and somatic embryogenesis. Taken together, our study will be valuable to further functional characterizations of candidate TcSAUR genes for the genetic engineering of cacao.
Analysing the intrinsic multifractal nature of seismic sequences distributed along the Pacific Ring of Fire
Authors: de Freitas D. B. , França G. S. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A multifractal methodology was utilized to analyze a set of seismic sequences distributed along the Pacific Ring of Fire, sourced from the National Earthquake Information Center (NEIC) catalog. The analysis employed the Multifractal Detrended Moving Average (MFDMA) analysis method to characterize the presence of intrinsic multifractality using different multifractal indicators. The findings of this study can be summarized as follows: our statistical tests confidently assert that only the Kuriles, Peru, and Solomon Islands zones demonstrate an absence of intrinsic multifractality; tests were also applied using the exponent

, but they were inconclusive. We believe these results contribute to an enhanced understanding of the multifractal characteristics of seismic activity and their implications for earthquake dynamics.
Dev-ResNet: automated developmental event detection using deep learning
Authors: Ibbini Ziad , Truebano Manuela , Spicer John I. , McCoy Jamie C. S. , Tills Oliver 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
Delineating developmental events is central to experimental research using early life stages, permitting widespread identification of changes in event timing between species and environments. Yet, identifying developmental events is incredibly challenging, limiting the scale, reproducibility and throughput of using early life stages in experimental biology. We introduce Dev-ResNet, a small and efficient 3D convolutional neural network capable of detecting developmental events characterised by both spatial and temporal features, such as the onset of cardiac function and radula activity. We demonstrate the efficacy of Dev-ResNet using 10 diverse functional events throughout the embryonic development of the great pond snail, Lymnaea stagnalis. Dev-ResNet was highly effective in detecting the onset of all events, including the identification of thermally induced decoupling of event timings. Dev-ResNet has broad applicability given the ubiquity of bioimaging in developmental biology, and the transferability of deep learning, and so we provide comprehensive scripts and documentation for applying Dev-ResNet to different biological systems.
Helicobacter pylori: High dose amoxicillin does not improve primary or secondary eradication rates in an Irish cohort
Authors: Costigan Conor , O'Sullivan Aoife M , O'Connell Jim , Sengupta Shreyashee , Butler Thomas , Molloy Stephen , O'Hara Fintan John , Ryan Barbara , Breslin Niall , O'Donnell Sarah , O'Connor Anthony , Smith Sinead , McNamara Deirdre 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori ) eradication rates have fallen globally, likely in large part due to increasing antibiotic resistance to traditional therapy. In areas of high clarithromycin and metronidazole resistance such as ours, Maastricht VI guidelines suggest high dose amoxicillin dual therapy (HDADT) can be considered, subject to evidence for local efficacy. In this study we assess efficacy of HDADT therapy for H. pylori eradication in an Irish cohort.
AIM
To assess the efficacy of HDADT therapy for H. pylori eradication in an Irish cohort as both first line, and subsequent therapy for patients diagnosed with H. pylori .
METHODS
All patients testing positive for H. pylori in a tertiary centre were treated prospectively with HDADT (amoxicillin 1 g tid and esomeprazole 40 mg bid × 14 d) over a period of 8 months. Eradication was confirmed with Urea Breath Test at least 4 wk after cessation of therapy. A delta-over-baseline > 4% was considered positive. Patient demographics and treatment outcomes were recorded, analysed and controlled for basic demographics and prior H. pylori treatment.
RESULTS
One hundred and ninety-eight patients were identified with H. pylori infection, 10 patients were excluded due to penicillin allergy and 38 patients refused follow up testing. In all 139 were included in the analysis, 55% (n = 76) were female, mean age was 46.6 years. Overall, 93 (67%) of patients were treatment-naïve and 46 (33%) had received at least one previous course of treatment. The groups were statistically similar. Self-reported compliance with HDADT was 97%, mild side-effects occurred in 7%. There were no serious adverse drug reactions. Overall the eradication rate for our cohort was 56% (78/139). Eradication rates were worse for those with previous treatment [43% (20/46) vs 62% (58/93), P = 0.0458, odds ratio = 2.15]. Age and Gender had no effect on eradication status.
CONCLUSION
Overall eradication rates with HDADT were disappointing. Despite being a simple and possibly better tolerated regime, these results do not support its routine use in a high dual resistance country. Further investigation of other regimens to achieve the > 90% eradication target is needed.
Managing adult-onset Still's disease in pregnancy: A case report
Authors: Kang Ji-Hyoun 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND
Adult-onset Still’s disease (AOSD) is a rare systemic inflammatory disorder characterized by fever, arthritis, skin rash, and systemic symptoms. The etiology of AOSD is unknown; however, it is thought to be related to immune dysregulation. Although a rare disease, AOSD can significantly impact reproductive health, particularly during pregnancy. This case study assesses the implications of pregnancy in a patient with AOSD, as well as the potential for heredity of the disease. Neonatal hemophagocytic lympho-histiocytosis (HLH) is a rare and life-threatening disorder characterized by hyperinflammation and uncontrolled activation of immune cells, leading to multiple organ dysfunction. This case report aimed to introduce neonatal HLH from a mother with AOSD.
CASE SUMMARY
This case study presents a 29-year-old female with AOSD who became pregnant and gave birth to a premature infant who was diagnosed with neonatal HLH. AOSD can significantly impact pregnancy and childbirth, as it may become more severe during pregnancy, with an increased risk of fetal loss and preterm birth. The management of AOSD during pregnancy involves the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and glucocorticoids, as well as immunosuppressive agents in severe cases. However, the use of immunosuppressive agents during pregnancy may be associated with potential risks to the fetus. The hereditary implications of AOSD are unclear; however, available evidence suggests that genetic factors may play a role in the disease development.
CONCLUSION
AOSD can have significant implications for pregnancy and childbirth, including an increased risk of fetal loss and preterm birth. Neonatal HLH, a complication of AOSD in pregnancy, requires prompt diagnosis and management. Women with AOSD who are considering pregnancy should discuss their options with their healthcare provider and develop a management plan that addresses the potential risks to both mother and fetus.
Dynamically changing antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in granulomatosis with polyangiitis: A case report
Authors: Zhang Yan , Dai Qiao-Ding , Wang Ji-An , Xu Li-Ping , Chen Qiang , Jin Yang-Zi 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is one of the most prevalent forms of the antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis. GPA is characterized histologically by necrotizing granulomatous inflammation in addition to vasculitis. The diagnosis of GPA depends on clinical presentation, serological evidence of a positive ANCA, and/or histological evidence of necrotizing vasculitis or granulomatous destructive parenchymal inflammation. Cytoplasmic ANCA (c-ANCA) is positive in 65%-75% of GPA patients, accompanied by proteinase 3 (PR3), the main target antigen of c-ANCA, another 5% of GPA patients had negative ANCA.
CASE SUMMARY
The patient, a 52-year-old male, presented with unexplained nasal congestion, tinnitus, and hearing loss. After a duration of 4 months experiencing these symptoms, the patient subsequently developed fever and headache. The imaging examination revealed the presence of bilateral auricular mastoiditis and partial paranasal sinusitis, and the ANCA results were negative. The anti-infective therapy proved to be ineffective, but the patient's symptoms and fever were quickly relieved after 1 wk of treatment with methylprednisolone 40 mg once a day. However, after continuous use of methylprednisolone tablets for 3 months, the patient experienced a recurrence of fever accompanied by right-sided migraine, positive c-ANCA and PR3, and increased total protein in cerebrospinal fluid. The patient was diagnosed with GPA. After receiving a treatment regimen of intravenous methylprednisolone 40 mg/d and cyclophosphamide 0.8 g monthly, the patient experienced alleviation of fever and headache. Additionally, the ANCA levels became negative and there has been no recurrence.
CONCLUSION
For GPA patients with negative ANCA, there is a potential for early missed diagnosis. The integration of histopathological results and multidisciplinary communication plays a crucial role in facilitating ANCA-negative GPA.
Barriers to exclusive breastfeeding practice among HIV-positive mothers in Tanzania. An exploratory qualitative study
Authors: Augustino Goodluck , Anaeli Amani , Sunguya Bruno F. 
Published: May 2024

Background
Ensuring optimal nutrition through early breastfeeding is vital for infant mental development and overall health. HIV infections complicate decisions regarding exclusive breastfeeding, jeopardizing effective infant and young child feeding, which affects nutrition and health outcomes. Recognizing the lack of evidence on barriers to infant feeding in the context of HIV in Tanzania, this study was conducted to explore individual, household, and community obstacles in the Ilala district, Dar es Salaam.

Materials and methods
A case study design employing a qualitative approach was used. The study was executed at the Reproductive and Child Health (RCH) Clinic within Amana Regional Referral Hospital, Mnazi Mmoja Health Centre, and Buguruni Health Centre. Data collection ensued through the purposive sampling of healthcare providers and HIV-positive mothers, utilizing in-depth interview techniques. The textual data accrued were analyzed using inductive and deductive content analysis strategies, thereby enabling the delineation and formulation of principal thematic constructs.

Results
The study involved interviews with twenty-seven key informants, encompassing HIV-positive mothers, nurses, clinicians, and community-based healthcare workers. The analysis of these interviews resulted in the identification of three major themes. Firstly, individual barriers to exclusive breastfeeding were delineated, encompassing sub-themes such as occupation-related hectic schedules, early motherhood-related non-compliance to safe infant feeding directives, postpartum depression, and issues related to breast sores and abscesses. Secondly, household-level barriers were identified, highlighting challenges like food insecurity and inaccessibility to key resources, the influence of male partners and family members on decision-making, and barriers arising from non-disclosure of HIV status affecting Exclusive Breastfeeding (EBF) support. Lastly, community-level barriers were explored, revealing a sub-theme related to the low retentivity of HIV-positive women in the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) programs.

Conclusions
Individual barriers encompass practical, psychological, and physical challenges, while household-level obstacles include food insecurity, limited resources, and family dynamics influencing decisions. At the community level, there’s a concern about the low retentivity of HIV-positive women in PMTCT programs, indicating broader societal challenges in supporting exclusive breastfeeding. There is a need for tailored interventions at individual, household, and community levels to promote and support optimal infant feeding practices among HIV-positive women.
Patient characteristics and predictors of mortality among children hospitalised with tuberculosis: A six-year case series study in Uganda
Authors: Amuge Pauline Mary , Becker Greta Lassance , Ssebunya Rogers Nelson , Nalumansi Esther , Adaku Alex , Juma Michael , Jackson Jay Brooks , Kekitiinwa Adeodata Rukyarekere , Elyanu Peter James , Wobudeya Eric , Blount Robert 
Published: May 2024

Background
The high case-fatality rates among children with tuberculosis (TB) are reportedly driven by in-hospital mortality and severe forms of TB. Therefore, there is need to better understand the predictors of mortality among children hospitalised with TB. We examined the patient clinical profiles, length of hospital stay from date of admission to date of final admission outcome, and predictors of mortality among children hospitalised with TB at two tertiary hospitals in Uganda.

Methods
We conducted a case-series study of children below 15 years of age hospitalised with TB, from January 1st, 2016, to December 31st, 2021. Convenience sampling was done to select TB cases from paper-based medical records at Mulago National Referral Hospital (MNRH) in urban Kampala, and Fort Portal Regional Referral Hospital (FRRH) in rural Fort Portal. We fitted linear and logistic regression models with length of stay and in-hospital mortality as key outcomes.

Results
Out of the 201 children hospitalised with TB, 50 were at FRRH, and 151 at MNRH. The male to female ratio was 1.5 with median age of 2.6 years (Interquartile range-IQR 1–6). There was a high prevalence of HIV (67/171, 39%), severe malnutrition reported as weight-for-age Z-score <-3SD (51/168, 30%). Among children with pulmonary TB who initiated anti-tuberculosis therapy (ATT) either during hospitalisation or within seven days prior to hospitalisation; cough (134/143, 94%), fever (111/143, 78%), and dyspnoea (78/143, 55%) were common symptoms. Children with TB meningitis commonly presented with fever (17/24, 71%), convulsions (14/24 58%), and cough (13/24, 54%). The median length of hospital stay was 8 days (IQR 5–15). Of the 199 children with known in-hospital outcomes, 34 (17.1%) died during hospitalisation. TB meningitis was associated with in-hospital mortality (aOR = 3.50, 95% CI = 1.10–11.17, p = 0.035), while male sex was associated with reduced mortality (aOR = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.12–0.95, p = 0.035). Hospitalisation in the urban hospital predicted a 0.48-day increase in natural log-transformed length of hospital stay (ln-length of stay) (95% CI 0.15–0.82, p = 0.005), but not age, sex, HIV, malnutrition, or TB meningitis.

Conclusions
In-hospital mortality was high, and significantly driven almost four times higher by TB meningitis, with longer hospital stay among children in urban hospitals. The high in-hospital mortality and long hospital stay may be reduced by timely TB diagnosis and treatment initiation among children.
Assessment of community pharmacists’ knowledge, attitudes and their willingness to provide vaccination services in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Meraya Abdulkarim M. , Syed Mamoon H. , Shabi Abdulwahab A. , Madkhali Huthaifa A. , Yatimi Younis A. , Khobrani Khalied Y. , Mubarki Yahia A. , Khardali Amani , Thaibah Hilal , Yasmeen Ayesha 
Published: May 2024

Background
Community pharmacists play an important role in increasing vaccination rates especially in countries where they offer vaccination services and administration. However, little is known about community pharmacist’s willingness to provide vaccination services in Saudi Arabia. The objective of this study was to assess knowledge, attitudes, willingness and beliefs of community pharmacists in Saudi Arabia towards providing vaccines at pharmacies.

Methods
A cross-sectional, online questionnaire-based study using convenience sampling (Snowball technique) was used to obtain responses from community pharmacists across Saudi Arabia. The survey collected information on participants’ demographics, knowledge about vaccine, attitude towards vaccine and their attitude to be immunization providers. Bivariate analysis and multiple linear regression models were employed to assess the relationships between demographic variables and outcomes.

Results
The study sample consisted of 384 community pharmacists. More than half of participants had poor knowledge about vaccines (54%). Only 8.4% of participants had good knowledge about vaccines. The results indicated that community pharmacists in the study sample have positive attitude toward vaccines and are willing to provide vaccination services. There was a significant relationship between knowledge about vaccine and attitude toward vaccines. Pharmacists with poor knowledge about vaccines had negative attitude toward vaccines as compared to those with high knowledge (β = -1.743; P-value = 0.024). Additionally, there was a significant relationship between knowledge about vaccine and attitude to be immunization providers. Pharmacists with poor knowledge about vaccines had negative attitude to be immunization providers as compared to those with high knowledge (β = -2.631; P-value = 0.002). Furthermore, a significant number of the community pharmacists reported facing critical barriers to provide vaccines including legal liability, lack of personal resources and lack of appropriate training.

Conclusion
Comprehensive training and certification programs for pharmacists are crucial to improve their competencies in handling and administering vaccines to increase the rate of vaccinations in Saudi Arabia.