bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chlorine-free synthesis of phosphinic derivatives by change in the P-function
Authors: Keglevich György , Harsági Nikoletta , Szöllősi Betti , Drahos László 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
To replace the traditional synthesis of phosphinic amides and phosphinates involving the reaction of phosphinic chlorides with amines and alcohols, respectively, a new chlorine-free approach was aimed at utilizing aminolysis of the phosphinate and alcoholysis of the phosphinic amide. Under microwave conditions, in the presence of [bmim][PF6] catalyst, alkyl diphenylphosphinates were converted to the corresponding phosphinic amides by reaction with primary amines. The reversed transformations involving the alcoholysis of the diphenylphosphinic amides under similar but somewhat more forcing conditions led to phosphinates. The reactivity of the starting phosphinic derivatives, as well as that of the primary amines and alcohols, was evaluated. The work-up included the removal of the excess of the nucleophiles (amine or alcohol) in vacuum followed by flash chromatography. The regenerated nucleophiles could be recycled and reused.
CFD-PBM simulation of power law fluid in a bubble column reactor
Authors: Duan Meng-Qiang , Li Shao-Bai , Bhusal Manju L. , Zhang Wei , Ding Yu-Huan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
A computational fluid dynamics coupled population balance model (CFD-PBM) was used to numerically simulate the fluid dynamics of bubble swarms in a bubble column containing non-Newtonian fluids. The effects of superficial gas velocity (U

g
), the consistency index (K), and the flow index (n) on bubble size distribution (BSD), gas holdup, and fluid dynamic viscosity in a bubble column were analyzed at both local and overall scales. As U

g
increases, the bubble breakup occurs excessively, the gas holdup increases, and the dynamic viscosity decreases. K and n were used to characterize the rheological properties of power law fluid. As K increases, fluid viscosity increases, bubble breakup rate decreases, gas holdup in the top zone is slightly lower than in the middle zone, and dynamic viscosity increases. Within the range of n from 0.45 to 1.07, when n is smallest, the relative frequency of bubbles smaller than the initial size is relatively large, and the overall and local gas holdup are the highest. When n = 1.07, the fluid exhibits shear-thickening properties, and the dynamic viscosity variations are significant.
Draft genome of a biological control agent against Bipolaris sorokiniana, the causal phytopathogen of spot blotch in wheat (Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum): Bacillus inaquosorum TSO22
Authors: Morales-Sandoval Pamela Helué , Valenzuela-Ruíz Valeria , Santoyo Gustavo , Hyder Sajjad , Mitra Debasis , Zelaya-Molina Lily X. , Ávila-Alistac Norma , Parra-Cota Fannie Isela , Santos-Villalobos Sergio de los 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Strain TSO22 was isolated from bulk soil associated with wheat crops in the Yaqui Valley, Mexico. The draft genome contained 4,294,671 bp, 43.7% G + C content, 731,759 bp N50, 3 L50, and 29 contigs. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the overall genome relatedness index, and phylogenomic relationship, strain TSO22 is highly affiliated with Bacillus inaquosorum. Genome annotation revealed 94 RNAs and 4,465 predicted coding DNA sequences distributed in 336 subsystems, in which genes involved in plant growth promotion and biocontrol were detected, such as colonizing plant system, competitive exclusionist, control of biotic and abiotic stresses, and plant immune response stimulation. Genomic predictions were confirmed through in vitro analysis, which revealed that B. inaquosorum TSO22 has great biological control against Bipolaris sorokiniana, as well as excellent metabolic capabilities to improve plant growth and development.
Bi2Se3/ZnSe heterojunction on flexible Mo metal foil for photo electrolysis water splitting application
Authors: Singh Bheem , Dhiman Vinay Kumar , Chandra Behera Govinda , Gautam Sudhanshu , Kumar Rahul , Senthil Kumar Muthusamy , Roy Somnath C. , Kushvaha Sunil Singh 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The green hydrogen generation by photoelectrochemical (PEC) process emerged as a viable approach to replace non-renewable energy sources, which is done by using semiconducting materials. Recently ZnSe-based heterostructure/junction promise a suitable approach to enhance the PEC performance of photoelectrode. Here we have grown Bi2Se3/ZnSe heterojunction on flexible Mo metal foil by using magnetron sputtering technique toward PEC water splitting application. The crystallinity, structural, and surface morphology of the deposited films were investigated by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and field emission scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The PEC measurements were performed under 100 mW/cm2 (AM = 1.5 G) simulated solar radiation in 0.5 M Na2SO4 aqueous electrolyte solution. The PEC measurements show that Bi2Se3/ZnSe photoelectrode performs better as a photocatalyst, with a photocurrent density of ∼96.4 μA/cm2 (at 0.4 V vs Ag/AgCl), which was found to be three times higher than pristine ZnSe film (∼32.4 μA/cm2). This work suggests the importance of heterojunction towards efficient photoelectrodes for green hydrogen generation.
Strength and Conditioning for Cricket Wicketkeeping: A Narrative Review
Authors: Wong Sing , Lim Julian , McErlain-Naylor Stuart A. , Scanlan Aaron , Goggins Luke , Ahmun Rob , Comfort Paul , Weldon Anthony 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
A cricket wicketkeeper is a player on the fielding team positioned behind the stumps. They adopt a crouching position upon ball delivery from the bowler to take catches, execute stumpings, and limit extra runs because of byes. Wicketkeepers are advised to conduct a combination of technical and strength and conditioning training to support the dynamic actions required in matches and reduce injury risk. There is evidence on wicketkeepers concerning match-play demands, physical development, and injury risk reduction; however, this research is limited compared with other positions. This research should be consolidated to provide meaningful and informed guidance for planning, designing, implementing, and evaluating strength and conditioning programs. Therefore, this review presents a needs analysis, normative data, and evidence-informed guidance for wicketkeepers. This information can be used by strength and conditioning coaches and the athlete support team to inform decisions regarding training programs. This review recommends that strength and conditioning programs accommodate the demands of specific match formats and individual physical, physiological, and technical needs of wicketkeepers. The key physical characteristics underpinning wicketkeeping performance such as multidirectional speed, change-of-direction ability, lower-limb power, and aerobic fitness should be considered to ensure the specificity of training programs.
When recall gets stressful: comparing Papuan Malay and German listeners' lexical storage of word stress
Authors: Kaland Constantijn 
Published: June 2024

Recent studies indicated that Papuan Malay, spoken in the Eastern provinces of Indonesia, has regular penultimate word stress. Only when schwa occurs in the penultimate syllable, stress is ultimate, making the pattern highly predictable. Acoustic, lexical and perception studies showed that these stress patterns offer disambiguating cues that Papuan Malay listeners can use in word recognition. It is however poorly understood to what extent these predictable patterns are stored lexically in this language, and in fixed stress languages in general. The current study investigates this question by means of stress recall tasks comparing Papuan Malay with German, the latter being analyzed as a free (lexical) stress language. To this end, a critical review of the previous literature is given regarding the methodological comparability of stress recall tasks across languages. The tasks used in the current study replicate the stimuli and procedures used in three previous studies. Results show that Papuan Malay listeners have worse stress recall performance than German listeners, suggesting that Papuan Malay stress is not stored lexically. The outcomes are discussed with respect to the diagnosis of word stress in Papuan Malay and its typological context.
Large gradient of susceptibility to esca disease revealed by long-term monitoring of 46 grapevine cultivars in a common garden vineyard
Authors: Gastou Pierre , Destrac Irvine Agnes , Arcens Clarisse , Courchinoux Eva , This Patrice , Van Leeuwen Cornelis , Delmas Chloé 
Published: June 2024

Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is prone to many fungal diseases, including esca, a severe vascular disease threatening the wine sector and for which there is no cost-effective cure. Susceptibility to esca varies between cultivars in different infection conditions. It may therefore be possible to use the genetic diversity of grapevine cultivars to mitigate disease impact. However, the genetic component of esca susceptibility has rarely been investigated in the vineyard, and the specific mechanisms and varietal traits underlying esca susceptibility remain unknown.In this study, we monitored the incidence and severity of esca foliar symptoms and plant dieback (apoplexy and mortality) at plant level for seven years, on 46 cultivars planted in an experimental common garden, to separate the genetic component of esca susceptibility from the effects of environment and cropping practices. We observed a broad gradient of varietal susceptibility, with a mean incidence of 0 to 26 % of vines expressing esca foliar symptoms depending on the variety. This gradient remained similar across years and, unlike the severity of foliar symptoms, the incidence of grapevine dieback was significantly correlated with that of foliar symptoms. We detected a significant but weak and very localised phylogenetic signal for the incidence of esca foliar symptoms in this panel of cultivars.We then explored the relationships between epidemiological metrics and ecophysiological and phenological traits phenotyped on the same plot. Esca disease incidence was negatively correlated with δ13C across cultivars, suggesting that varieties with higher water use efficiency are less prone to the expression of esca symptoms on leaves. Moreover, the least vigorous cultivars were among the least susceptible, although this relationship was not significant. By contrast, neither phenological stages nor nitrogen status were significantly predictive of cultivar susceptibility to the disease.Together, these results provide new insight into the potential of genetic resources for use in the sustainable management of grapevine trunk diseases and open up new perspectives for studying the pathological and physiological determinants of their incidence.
Organization of Buildings of Central Universal Libraries of Russian Regions
Authors: Kuznetsova A. G. 
Published: June 2024

The purpose of the article is to present in the historical aspect the results of research of issues related to the construction of library buildings, to characterize their current state (building areas, material and technical characteristics, buildings – objects of cultural heritage, etc.) for to develop recommendations on improving the library space and its organic use.The author analyzed conceptual works on the construction of libraries that define historical stages in the design and construction of library buildings in the USSR and modern Russia. The tradition of considering issues of organizing library buildings in the structure of library science developed at the beginning of the 20th century. The analysis of the study of library science publications revealed absence of complex consideration of the problem of organizing library buildings.Historically, many central libraries occupy buildings dated the 18th–19th centuries, and one of the actual tasks of librarianship is to preserve buildings that present cultural value, to create conditions for the organic use of their space, taking into account new information technologies, the development of the library as a modern multifunctional cultural and information social institution. The library architectural heritage of central libraries of the country constituent entities needs reconstruction and restoration in order to preserve the information potential that their collections contain.The Sector for the Organization of Librarianship of the Scientific and Methodological Department of the Russian National Library carried out the analysis of the database of business cards of central universal libraries of Russia to identify the quantitative characteristics of the buildings of central libraries of the constituent entities of RF, to get information on their current state and to develop further recommendations for improving the library space.
Encapsulated Fluorescent Tags to Label Drill Cuttings for Improved Depth Correlation: A Field Application
Authors: Zhu S. S. , Antoniv M. , Saadoun N. , Thomas G. , Poitzsch M. , Kwak H. , Yousef A. 
Published: June 2024

SummaryDrill cuttings logging (mud logging) is a technology with great potential to deliver formation evaluation and completion efficiency. However, the conventional mud logging technology determines the cutting sample depth using the lag time of the cutting’s return trip, which results in depth uncertainties of ±20 ft or more. We previously proposed to tag cuttings at the bit face with penetrating, impregnating polymeric NanoTags and to determine the cuttings’ depth using the NanoTag’s downward trip time, which could reduce the depth uncertainties to ±1–2 ft. The first field test to test the first generation of NanoTags was completed in December 2019. In that test, the signals of the NanoTags in the cuttings were detected using pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) analysis. The second field test for the development of this technology was performed in 2022 using a new generation of optical NanoTags that encapsulated a rhodamine dye. A detection method was also developed to analyze the optical tag on cuttings semiquantitatively using a fluorescent microscope and ImageJ software. Our results suggest that the depth determined by our tagging technology is accurate and correlates well with the mud logging data; the results also indicated that the optimal gap time between each tag injection should be greater than 10 minutes.
Spatial analysis of garlic viruses in the Alto Paranaíba region, Minas Gerais
Authors: Gontijo Gabriela Ribeiro , Figueira Antonia dos Reis , Silveira Antonia Thalyta Lopes , Medeiros Marcos Levi , Pozza Edson Ampelio 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The Alto Paranaíba region, located in Minas Gerais State, Brazil, is one of the largest garlic producers in Brazil, but little is known about the occurrence and incidence of viral diseases in the region. In this study, a survey of the viral species presents in 10 areas in the municipality of São Gotardo. Each sampled area was divided into 3 subareas, and in each subarea, 1290 plants were visually evaluated for the presence or absence of symptoms and 25 leaves each with and without symptoms were collected to identify the viruses present by means of RT‒PCR. The incidence of viruses in the ten areas was quite variable, and four of them had a lower incidence, ranging from 2.9–16.7%. Two of the others presented incidences of 42.9% and 86.4%, while four showed an incidence of 100%. The infected plants showed an aggregated spatial distribution pattern in 90% in the run test and a random distribution in 63.3% in the doublet test. The dispersion index in 63.3% of the blocks indicated a regular spatial pattern. All symptomatic samples collected were positive for the presence of one or more virus species belonging to the genera Potyvirus, Carlavirus and Allexivirus, indicating possible transmission by the cloves used in planting. These results demonstrate the importance of vector control and the use of virus-free propagation material because the presence of the inoculum at the beginning of the crop cycle means a longer time for dissemination and impairment of productivity.
Pollution Risk Assessment of the Soil Near the Quarries in Ogun State, Nigeria
Authors: HASSAN Isiaka Adio 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Quarry is a mining industry through which construction materials are extracted. The investigation is on the pollution risk assessment of the nearby soil of the quarries in Ogun State, Nigeria. Topsoil and subsoil (Forty - Eight) samples were collected from ADE, BAA, OGB, IDO, IGO, ILA, ISA, and IWA (dry and wet seasons) and analysed for K, Mg, Si, As, Se, Ni, and Pb using standard procedures. Pollution level was assessed using the following indices; Pollution (PI), Ecological risk (ERI), and Geo-accumulation (Igeo). Topsoil (west season); all locations were very highly polluted with Mg, and IGO (very highly) polluted with Si and K. Subsoils (west season); BAA and IGO (Mg), ILA and IGO (Si), and ISA and BAA (K) were very highly polluted. Topsoil (wet season) ILA and BAA (As), and OGB, ISA, ILA, BAA, and IGO (Ni) were very highly polluted. In the subsoil (dry season), all locations were very highly polluted with As and Se. In subsoil (dry season); IDO (Pb), and ADE and BAA (As) had very high ecological risk (ER); Igodo had high ER of Pb. Topsoil Igeo (wet season); Mg in all locations (strongly - very strongly) polluted, ILA and IGO (Si), IWA, IDO, ILA, ADE, and IGO (K) were very strongly polluted. Subsoil Igeo (wet season) ILA and IGO (Si), and BAA and ISA (K) were very strongly polluted. Topsoil Igeo (wet season); OGB, ISA, ILA, BAA, and IGO (Ni) were very strongly polluted. Surrounding soils (polluted).
Research on the differences of mechanical properties between horizontal and vertical in Al-Cu alloy deposits fabricated by wire + arc additive manufacturing
Authors: Wang Shuai , Ren Lingling , yang lan , Ming Zhu , Li Chengde , Wang Wei 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Al-Cu alloy made by arc fuse additive has excellent microstructure and properties, but the difference between transverse and longitudinal is the key factor limiting its application.In this experiment, Al-Cu alloy deposits with different Cu contents were formed by the wire + arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) process used Al-Cu welding wire with different Cu content.The microstructure and properties of the deposits,both intralayer and interlayer,were analyzed using metallography, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and tensile tests.The results showed that the interlayer content of Cu is higher than that in the intralayer. When Cu content in the deposit was 6.3% in the as-deposited state, there was an enhanced θ (Al2Cu) precipitate phase in the interlayer position. After T4 treatment, there were still θ phases with a size larger than 20 µm, which were linearly distributed parallel to the accumulation layer. These θ phases led to lower mechanical properties in the vertical direction than in the horizontal direction, with a brittle fracture mode. When the Cu content of the deposit was reduced to 5.6% after T4 treatment, there were no large θ phases in the interlayer position. Furthermore, the mechanical properties of horizontal and vertical directions were consistent, and they had a ductile fracture mode.The Cu content in the deposit was the primary reason for the difference in mechanical properties between horizontal and vertical directions. Al-Cu alloy deposits with uniform mechanical properties in the horizontal and vertical directions can be obtained by controlling the Cu content,which has an important role in the application of this process.
Advancing CNC Tool Condition Monitoring Through Image Processing Techniques
Authors: Falah Alireza , Andó Mátyás 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This paper introduces a novel and effective approach for tool condition monitoring (TCM) in CNC machining through the application of image processing techniques. Utilizing a consumer-grade camera capable of recording videos at 60 frames per second, the study demonstrates a cost-effective method for detecting tool breakage and identifying edge fractures. Basic image processing techniques, including frame extraction, background subtraction, thresholding, and morphological operations, are applied to analyze the captured images and videos. This research not only offers a practical solution to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of CNC machine operations but also aligns with advancements in smart manufacturing and Industry 4.0. Moreover, it paves the way for future research in this area, suggesting potential for further refinement and broader application of such monitoring techniques.
The influence of global warming on ENSO dynamics
Authors: Zhang Mengjie , Yan Lei , Nayak Adam , Xiong Lihua , Lall Upmanu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

How the dynamics of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) are being modified under a changing climate continues to be an open question with significant implications for global climate impacts. We present the first statistical attribution of how the spatio-temporal dynamics of ENSO have changed due to global warming over the last century using a non-homogeneous Hidden Markov Model of gridded tropical Pacific Sea Surface Temperature (SST) with smoothed global temperature as a covariate for the associated latent states. We identify 5 latent states whose space and time patterns correspond to classical El Niño and La Niña (LN), mild La Niña and Central Pacific El Niño (CP), and neutral ENSO patterns. The monthly probability of occurrence, and the transition probabilities of these states have changed significantly, and global temperature changes are identified as strong determinants of these changes. For instance, the probability of observing LN and CP has changed by 0.300 and 0.767 over the last 100 years. The estimated sensitivity of these probabilities to global temperature is (0.248±0.002)/℃ and (0.722±0.008)/℃, translating to 97% and 98% of the change, respectively, given the 1.22℃ warming. Similarly, the sensitivity of La Niña persistence to global temperature change is estimated as (28.9±0.2) month/℃, and this explains 98% of the variance in the increased persistence of La Niña patterns that are associated with recent recurrent droughts and floods in parts of the world.
Prediction on the composite foundation bearing capacity with GRA-SR-SVR
Authors: Dong Lifei , wei haiyu , Wang Miao , Yu Bo , Chen Feiyu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Composite foundation bearing capacity is the main basis of composite foundation design, and how to accurately predict the composite foundation bearing capacity is of great significance to foundation engineering. In order to analyze the main influencing factors of composite foundation bearing capacity, and predict the corresponding foundation bearing capacity. Based on the actual measurement data of vibration replacement stone column composite foundation project, the main factors affecting the bearing capacity of its foundation are identified by using gray correlation analysis (GRA) and stepwise regression (SR). On this basis, the support vector machine regression model (SVR) is constructed to predict the bearing capacity of the composite foundation. And the prediction results are compared with those of the BP neural network and GRA-SVR model. The results show that the main factors affecting the bearing capacity of vibration replacement stone column composite foundation include diameter, effective pile length, dense current, filling coefficient, natural density, replacement rate, bedding thickness, and pore ratio. The prediction accuracy of the GRA-SR-SVR, BP neural network, and GRA-SVR model are 98.23%, 97.08%, and 97.63% in order, and the GRA-SR-SVR model has the highest prediction accuracy, and it can accurately and effectively predict the composite foundation bearing capacity.