bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revision of the genus Rhotala Walker, 1857 (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Achilidae) in China, with description of a new species
Authors: XU Pian , LIANG Ai‐Ping 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe achilid genus Rhotala is taxonomically revised based on specimens from China. Four species are recognized in this paper as valid: R. vittata Matsumura, 1914; R. dimidiata Jacobi, 1944; R. fanjingshana Chen et Yang, 2008; and one new species: R. jiangxiensis sp. nov. (southern China: Jiangxi). Male genitalia of these species are described and illustrated. In addition, hind tibia, forewings and hindwings are illustrated for the male of R. jiangxiensis sp. nov. A diagnosis of the genus is redefined. A key to the species of Rhotala in China is presented.
Evaluation of brain connectivity: The role of magnetoencephalography
Authors: Burgess Richard C. 
Published: July 2011

SummaryCommunication between regions of the brain, both normal interactions and pathologic traffic, is manifest by electromagnetic activity. Magnetoencephalography (MEG)—with high resolution in both the temporal and spatial domains, as well as a comprehensive, whole‐head view—offers ready noninvasive access to this ongoing communication. The waveforms are amenable to a variety of signal processing techniques that can elucidate connectivity between brain areas. In conjunction with the other modalities acquired during the evaluation of a patient with epilepsy, MEG can provide information that is important for determining therapeutic strategy.
Framing Trade‐offs: The Politics of Nuclear Power and Wind Energy in the Age of Global Climate Change
Authors: Pralle Sarah , Boscarino Jessica 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThis article outlines recent debates over nuclear energy and wind farms in an age of growing concern about climate change. Proponents of these technologies have used “trade‐off” frames to promote these technologies in the face of current and potential opposition to them. This article examines the nature and limits of the trade‐off frames being used and their probability of success. We argue that using the language of trade‐offs is generally a suboptimal framing strategy: trade‐off frames remind the public of the costs associated with particular policies, and therefore play into the hands of policy opponents. However, policy advocates may turn to them when the costs of a technology are well known and are perceived as high. In such cases, trade‐off frames may help to justify controversial policy solutions. Like any frames, the trade‐off frames used in the debate over climate change solutions both illuminate and obscure the deeper issues involved in energy policy reform.
Policy Agendas for South Korea's Broadband Convergence Network Infrastructure Project
Authors: Menon Siddhartha 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBroadband holds a critical position in the progress of economic and social indicators by connecting consumers, businesses, and governments. South Korea has consistently been the global leader in broadband deployment since 1999. In the last 10 years, the Korean government has pursued several strategies for its broadband policy. The purpose of this article was to explore South Korea's implementation of its Broadband Convergence Network (BcN) project with special emphasis on its objectives of achieving media convergence, ubiquitous connectivity, and coordination among network stakeholders. The study uses the theoretical framework of institutionalism to identify factors that help explain how the policy agenda for the BcN was implemented. The BcN is Korea's most recent high‐speed Internet infrastructure project and is envisioned as a conduit through which broadband services, applications, and content will flow to reflect a robust high‐speed Internet infrastructure. This broadband infrastructure project began in 2004 as a consortium that includes the government and private sector firms. This infrastructure was launched as a three‐phase project. The first phase of the BcN extended from 2004 through 2005, the second phase extended from 2006 through 2007, and the third phase extended from 2008 through 2010.
Agonistic intimacy and moral aspiration in popular Hinduism: A study in the political theology of the neighbor
Authors: SINGH BHRIGUPATI 
Published: July 2011

ABSTRACTIn what ways do potentially hostile neighboring groups find a place in each other's moral aspirations? I analyze the arrival of a “new” god, the oral‐epic deity Tejaji, in the villages of Shahbad (Rajasthan, India) and the modes of relatedness this divine migration expresses between neighboring castes and tribes. How do we conceptualize relations between neighbors? I set out the idea of “agonistic intimacy” as a way of engaging the copresence of conflict and cohabitation. Placing Tejaji in relation to longer‐term currents of Hinduism, I examine the conflicts, neighborly relations, and shared moral aspirations that animate this form of religious life. I locate spiritual–moral aspirations not necessarily in “otherworldliness” but as a political theology of the neighbor, conceiving of the neighbor as human and nonhuman (as deity, spirit, and animal), in ways that widen the definition of “the political” and of “theos.”
Iterations of lament: Anachronism and affect in a Shi‘i Islamic revival in Turkey
Authors: TAMBAR KABIR 
Published: July 2011

ABSTRACTMany Alevis in Turkey today view their community's traditions of ritual weeping as anachronistic in the modern world. In this article, I situate such sensibilities within a political context in which Turkish state agencies have vigorously regulated norms of public affect. I describe the efforts of one Alevi group to counter such sensibilities by cultivating a susceptibility to affective excitation in line with Shi‘i traditions of lamentation. The group's practices are exemplary of many Islamic revival movements, which aim simultaneously to spread a religious message and to transform the affective conditions in which that message might be received.
Beyond risk: Emplacement and the production of environmental evidence
Authors: RENO JOSHUA 
Published: July 2011

ABSTRACTI offer a counterpoint to the prevailing risk literature that focuses not on (mis)perceptions of danger but on the production and circulation of different forms of evidence and the environmental claims they promote. Rather than reproduce the epistemic dichotomies associated with risk discourse, I discuss attempts by waste‐industry technicians, government inspectors, lawyers, area residents, and activists to generate persuasive accounts of a large, U.S. landfill and its porous boundaries. I argue that the differential influence of their various claims is best understood by examining what it means to know and care for a place.
Migration and paraethnography in Honduras
Authors: REICHMAN DANIEL 
Published: July 2011

ABSTRACTI analyze emigration from Honduras to the United States through the lens of the anthropology of knowledge. Whereas Honduran nonmigrants describe migration as a personal choice, migrants claim to be motivated by generalized social forces. Relatively abstract and systematic explanations of migration exemplify what Douglas Holmes and George Marcus call “paraethnographies,” forms of ethnography found within the discourse of the subjects of ethnographic research. Paraethnography has been employed in other settings to show how people use context‐dependent information to challenge abstract models of behavior, but, here, it contextualizes the particular within the general, performing an opposite function than that described by Holmes and Marcus.
The interrupted sacrifice: Hegemony and moral crisis among Israeli conscientious objectors
Authors: WEISS ERICA 
Published: July 2011

ABSTRACTIn this article, I explain why some of the most elite and dedicated soldiers in the Israeli Defense Forces ultimately became conscientious objectors. I argue that because the sacrificial moral economy, and not the state as supersubject, was hegemonically inculcated in these young people, resistance was possible. This case prompts a reconsideration of anthropological understandings of the relationship between hegemonic inculcation and resistance. Specifically, we cannot only ask to what degree subjects subscribe to hegemony but we must also ask what specifically is inculcated and how this alters agency and its object.
Diagnosis of Spinal Cord Compression in Nontrauma Patients in the Emergency Department
Authors: Dugas Andrea F. , Lucas Jason M. , Edlow Jonathan A. 
Published: July 2011

ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE 2011; 18:719–725 © 2011 by the Society for Academic Emergency MedicineAbstractObjectives:  The objectives were to evaluate the presenting signs and symptoms of spinal cord and cauda equina compression (SCC) and to determine the incidence of emergency department (ED) misdiagnosis.Methods:  This was a retrospective chart review at an urban, tertiary care hospital of patients discharged from an inpatient stay (April 2008 through July 2009) with an International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD‐9) code indicating spinal disease, who had visited the ED for a related complaint within the previous 30 days, and who had a final diagnosis of new SCC. Trauma and transferred patients were excluded. The authors defined a misdiagnosis as no ED‐documented diagnosis of SCC and failure to perform an appropriate diagnostic study either prior to arrival, in the ED, or immediately upon admission.Results:  Of 1,231 charts reviewed, 63 met inclusion criteria. The most common presenting symptoms in patients with SCC were pain (44, 70%), difficulty ambulating (38, 60%), and weakness (35, 56%). On physical examination, motor deficits (45, 71%) were more common than sensory deficits (27, 43%); however, 15 (24%) patients had no motor or sensory deficit, and 13 (23%) patients only had unilateral findings. Impaired gait was present in 14 patients of only 20 tested, three of whom had no associated motor or sensory deficit. SCC was misdiagnosed in 18 (29%, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 19% to 41%) cases, which resulted in a significant delay to diagnosis (median = 54 hours, interquartile range [IQR] = 38 to 77 vs. 5.3 hours, IQR = 3.0 to 15) in these patients.Conclusions:  SCC can have a subtle presentation with absent or unilateral motor and sensory deficits, but gait ataxia may be an additional finding. ED misdiagnosis of SCC in nontrauma patients is common.ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE 2011; 18:1–7 © 2011 by the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine
Involvement of red blood cells in the regulation of leukotriene synthesis in polymorphonuclear leucocytes upon interaction with Salmonella Typhimurium
Authors: GOLENKINA EKATERINA A. , GALKINA SVETLANA I. , ROMANOVA JULIA M. , LAZARENKO MIHAIL I. , SUD’INA GALINA F. 
Published: July 2011

Golenkina EA, Galkina SI, Romanova JM, Lazarenko MI, Sud’ina GF. Involvement of red blood cells in the regulation of leukotriene synthesis in polymorphonuclear leukocytes upon interaction with Salmonella Typhimurium. APMIS 2011.Leukotriene (LT) B4 is the primary eicosanoid product of polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNLs). We studied LT synthesis in PMNLs upon interaction with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. Human PMNLs exposed to Salmonella produced LTs; mostly LTB4 and ω‐hydroxy‐LTB4. Opsonization with normal serum increased the capacity of S. Typhimurium to induce LT synthesis in PMNLs. Addition of red blood cells (RBCs) alone did not activate LT synthesis in PMNLs but did further increase the Salmonella‐induced release of LTs. Priming of PMNLs with lipopolysaccharide before the addition of bacteria potentiated LT synthesis in these cells. The effect was more pronounced in the presence of RBCs. We found that RBCs diminished the effect of exogenously added NO donors on LT synthesis in PMNLs. We conclude that RBCs mediate the activation of LT synthesis in PMNLs exposed to Salmonella bacteria at least in part by regulating the intercellular exchange and metabolism of NO.
Epidemiological studies of Beijing strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from Taipei and other Asian cities based on MIRU profiles
Authors: SUN JUN‐REN , DOU HORNG‐YUN , LEE SHIH‐YI , CHIUEH TZONG‐SHI , LU JANG‐JIH 
Published: July 2011

Sun J‐R, Dou H‐Y, Lee S‐Y, Chiueh T‐S, Lu J‐J. Epidemiological studies of Beijing strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from Taipei and other Asian cities based on MIRU profiles. APMIS 2011.The aim of the present study was to investigate the distribution of the Beijing strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in Taipei and other Asian cities. A total of 323 MTB isolates were analyzed by spacer oligonucleotide typing (spoligotyping) and mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit (MIRU) typing. The largest cluster of the TB isolates from Taipei was type MT11 (MIRU type 2233‐2517‐3533). A comparison of the MIRU type data for the Beijing strains from Taipei and previously published MIRU type data for the Beijing strains from Asian cities with major population of Chinese was analyzed. The six major Beijing MIRU types (MT01, MT02, MT08, MT11, MT21, and MT44) were found to be common in four Asian cities including Taipei, Singapore, Hong Kong, and Wuhan. Results of this study indicate that there is geographical difference in the distribution of different Beijing strains of MTB.
Experimental testing of skin reactions to insulin detemir in diabetes patients naïve to insulin detemir
Authors: O'goshi Kenichiro , Serup Jørgen , Blaaholm Bente , Thomsen Henrik Klem , Rossing Peter , Tarnow Lise 
Published: July 2011

Background/aims: Sporadic reports on immediate and delayed cutaneous reactions to insulin detemir, a modern insulin analogue, have raised unsupported claims of allergy of type I, III and IV. The purpose of this experimental study using a provocative design was to elucidate the potential mechanisms behind such skin reactions.Material and methods: A total of 40 patients with type 1 diabetes or insulin‐requiring type 2 diabetes, all naïve to insulin detemir, were injected on the thigh with 0.l mL of insulin detemir (Levemir®) administered with an 8 mm needle at three different depths, i.e. intradermal, subdermal and subcutaneously. Saline was injected as control. Any cutaneous reactions were assessed after 10 and 30 min, after 24 and 48 h and after 7 days. Histopathology of positive reactions on day 7 was obtained. The study was randomized, controlled, double‐blinded, and conducted in accordance with ICH‐GCP guidelines. Blood flow was recorded with the Periflux PF5010, and skin colour (a*) with the DSMII colorimeter.Results: Clinical reading, flowmetry and colorimetry consistently showed delayed reactions after intradermal insulin injection (35 of 40 patients reacted with mainly weak reactions, P<0.05), peaking after 48 h, contrasting no special reaction immediately after injection, except for reactions attributed to needle trauma. A total of 22 patients reacted on subdermal injection and 21 on subcutaneous injection. Histopathology on day 7 from 22 reactions in 15 patients showed a consistent pattern of inflammation with eosinophilia as typically observed in adverse skin reactions to a variety of medicines. Reactions were interpreted as non‐specific biologic responses to the insulin different from direct toxic actions and classical allergic reaction patterns. Only one person registered itch/discomfort. A prick test vs. histamine reference excluded insulin detemir to be a pharmacological histamine releaser. Thus, provocative testing with insulin detemir produced delayed skin reaction but no immediate reaction. Measurement of circulating insulin detemir‐specific antibodies by RIA before and after 3 months showed no increase.Conclusion: Non‐allergic delayed skin reactions from intradermal and, to a minor degree, subdermal and subcutaneous injections of insulin detemir were frequent in this experimental study and showed a consistent histology pattern of inflammation with eosinophilia. Immediate reactions were not produced. The reactions are unlikely to be specific for insulin detemir, and other insulins should be studied in a similar provocative design.
ForestPlots.net: a web application and research tool to manage and analyse tropical forest plot data
Authors: Lopez‐Gonzalez Gabriela , Lewis Simon L. , Burkitt Mark , Phillips Oliver L. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractTropical forests are biologically diverse ecosystems that play important roles in the carbon cycle and maintenance of global biodiversity. Understanding how tropical forests respond to environmental changes is important, as changes in carbon storage can modulate the rate and magnitude of climate change. Applying an ecoinformatics approach for managing long‐term forest inventory plot data, where individual trees are tracked over time, facilitates regional and cross‐continental forest research to evaluate changes in taxonomic composition, growth, recruitment and mortality rates, and carbon and biomass stocks. We developed ForestPlots.net as a secure, online inventory data repository and to facilitate data management of long‐term tropical forest plots to promote scientific collaborations among independent researchers. The key novel features of the database are: (a) a design that efficiently deals with time‐series data; (b) data management tools to assess potential errors; and (c) a query library to generate outputs (e.g. biomass and carbon stock changes over time).
Nocturnal masseter electromyographic activity of complete denture wearers
Authors: Nitschke Ina , Meier Leonardo , Farella Mauro , Palla Sandro , Gallo Luigi M. 
Published: July 2011

doi: 10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2011.00528.xNocturnal masseter electromyographic activity of complete denture wearersObjective:  Collection of normative data on activity patterns of the masseter during sleep in elderly denture wearers by portable electromyography (EMG) recorders.Background:  Complete denture wearers might suffer from orofacial pain caused by myoarthropathies of the masticatory system. Indeed, denture instability may precipitate parafunctional habits and consequently muscle soreness and/or temporomandibular pain.Materials and methods:  We collected normative masseter EMG data during sleep in 15 complete denture wearers (five women, 10 men, 56–88 years) by portable recorders in their natural environment. Activity periods (AP) were signal portions including subthreshold intervals ≤5 s. Signal amplitude was expressed in per cent of maximum voluntary contraction (%MVC). For this reason, maximum bite force was assessed. Twenty age‐matched dentate controls were also recorded for the maximum bite force.Results:  We found 157.2 ± 86.5 AP per night, i.e. 24.0 ± 12.2 AP/h. Mean amplitude was 15.1 ± 4.3%MVC. AP lasted 6.8 ± 4.1 s, and their time integral was 126.3 ± 112.5%MVC•s. Maximum bite force was 116.8 ± 69.6 N in the edentulous, significantly lower than in controls (344.8 ± 150.4 N).Conclusions:  Healthy complete denture wearers showed intermittent periods of nocturnal masseter activity of very low intensity and short duration.
The effect of attachment type and implant number on satisfaction and quality of life of mandibular implant‐retained overdenture wearers
Authors: Mumcu Emre , Bilhan Hakan , Geckili Onur 
Published: July 2011

doi: 10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2011.00531.xThe effect of attachment type and implant number on satisfaction and quality of life of mandibular implant‐retained overdenture wearersObjective:  The aim of this study was to compare the quality of life and patient satisfaction outcomes of two attachment systems in mandibular overdentures with different numbers of supporting implants.Materials and methods:  Sixty‐two edentulous patients with either splinted or single attachments in mandibular implant overdentures with different numbers of supporting interforaminal implants were investigated for patient satisfaction and quality of life in this retrospective study. Comparisons between groups were perceived by the Mann–Whitney U test. Relations among the parameters were investigated by Spearman’s rho correlation analysis. The results were evaluated statistically at a significance level of p < 0.05.Results:  No statistically significant association is found between visual analogue scales scores and attachment type as well as implant number (p > 0.05), whereas Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP)‐14 total scores for patients with 4‐implant‐supported bars were significantly lower than all the other attachment types (p < 0.05). Additionally, a negative (rate = 32.2%), statistically significant association between period of edentulism and total OHIP‐14 scores was detected (p < 0.05).Conclusions:  A mandibular implant‐retained overdenture supported with four implants and bar attachments shows the highest ‘quality of life’ score and patient satisfaction is not influenced by the number of implants or attachment type.
Staying Safe at Home. Home environmental audit recommendations and uptake in an older population at high risk of falling
Authors: Currin Michelle L , Comans Tracy A , Heathcote Kathy , Haines Terry P 
Published: July 2011

Aim:  To identify the level of uptake of occupational therapists' home environmental audit recommendations by older community dwellers and the factors that contribute to adherence.Methods:  Design and setting: Cohort nested within an RCT that compared two models of care for fall prevention located in Brisbane, Australia. Participants: Community‐dwelling older people >60 at risk of falls (n = 80). Interventions: An environmental audit and recommendations by an occupational therapist.Results:  Of the recommendations made, 55% were completed by 6 months. Increasing number of comorbidities was a significant predictor of adherence with recommendations. Recommendations requiring external providers were more likely to be completed than those relying on the client or family member.Conclusion:  Occupational therapists need to consider a wide range of intrinsic and extrinsic factors, which may contribute to adherence with home modifications.