bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
191: PEER TUTORING FOR EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE FOR STUDENTS OF MEDICAL SCIENCES
Authors: Tabrizi Negar Taleschian , Yaaghoubian Barmak , Pashazadeh Fariba , Hajebrahimi Sakineh 
Published: May 2024

Background and aims:Iranian Student Center for Evidence Based Medicine (ISCEBM) has been pioneer in using innovative and creative teaching methods to deliver and spread the concepts of evidence Based Practice (EBP). Many studies found peer tutoring as an effective method to train tutees. The aim of this study was to evaluate the experience of students participating in the peer assisted learning workshops of this center on EBP and methodology of research.Methods:ISCEBM held the second series of workshops on Evidence Based Practice and methodology of evidence based research. These workshops were held weekly for two months (June–July 2016) for undergraduate medical sciences students from different fields. The education was based on peer assisted learning using interactive group discussion methods and problem based learning. Tutors were selected from students of ISCEBM who were expert in this field moreover, each session was held under the supervision of a specialist who completed and corrected the speech of student tutors. A checklist containing questions about each trait of workshop using 5-point Likert scale and an open question about their ideas, were shared via web based electronic questionnaire.Results:Thirty participants who regularly participated in the workshops responded to the questionnaire. 46.2% believed peer education to be very effective in training concepts in a more understandable way rather than conventional teaching method. 92.3% found problem based learning very effective or effective. 84.6% believed continuous and weekly courses are more effective than intensive courses in one or two days. And 100% of responders were willing to participate in the next series of workshops. Participants indicated that peer tutoring “increased their self-confidence”, “helped them to comment freely”, “made them glad to see someone who understands them” and “made the lesson more attractive”.Conclusion:Peer tutoring was a successful experience in training students about EBP; however; larger projects involving larger number of participants can indicate the real impact of this method better.
192: PREDICTION OF ASTHMA CONTROL LEVELS USING DATA MINING METHODS: AN EVIDENCE-BASED APPROACH
Authors: Rezaei-Hachesu Peyman , Samad-Soltani Taha , Khara Ruhollah , Gheibi Mehdi , Moftian Nazila 
Published: May 2024

Background and aims:Asthma is a chronic lung disease and has a raising worldwide prevalence. Lack of timely and appropriate control for this condition leads to financial and physical injuries. The aim of this study is to prediction of asthma control levels by applying data mining algorithms.Methods:This is a cross-sectional study carried out in the city of Sanandaj in Iran. Samples consist of 600 referred patient patients who live with asthma to Tohid pulmonary clinic in Sanandaj In a period of two months in 2015. Data were collected based on the study's inclusion criteria. Preprocessing was performed and various algorithms include Support Vector Machine (SVM), Decision Tree (DT), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) and Naïve Bayesian was assessed. Finally results were evaluated by confusion matrix.Results:Features ranked by applying feature selection methods; after in next step, 19 Features of 24 was chosen as the most effective asthma control features. Cough has the highest InfoGain, Relief-F and GainRatio comparing with other features. Results shows KNN and NaiveBayes have the highest accuracy near to 98%.Discussion:Experts can analysis and design accurate decision support systems by using data mining methods in healthcare. These methods aims to reduction and optimal usage of data. Important factors in determination of asthma control level were identified by considering of accurate mining algorithms. Therefore, identification of high risk patients were performed and proper services were provided to them to prevent major complications.
203: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEADERSHIP STYLES AND HEALTH WORKER MOTIVATION, TEAMWORK AND JOB SATISFACTION IN HEALTH FACILITIES IN UGANDA
Authors: Musinguzi Conrad , Rutebemberwa Elizeus , Namale Leticia , Dahal Aruna 
Published: May 2024

Background and aims:Some studies have shown that poor leadership is associated with lack of effective teamwork and a demotivated workforce leading to poor service delivery. There is scanty data in Uganda on how leadership styles relate to service delivery. This study was done to identify the leadership style in health facilities in Uganda and their relationship with health workers' motivation, job satisfaction and teamwork.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted in eastern, Rwenzori and west Nile regions of Uganda in November 2015 using self-administered questionnaires distributed and picked the same day from 564 health workers in 270 health facilities. These questionnaires collected information on the health workers' perception of leadership styles of their facility in-charges, their level of motivation and job satisfaction; and the level of team work. Factor analysis was used to identify and confirm latent variables for constructs on leadership styles, motivation, job satisfaction and team work. Relationships were assessed using Pearson correlation.Results:A total of 368/564 (64.3%) health workers indicated that transformational leadership was frequent or fairly often, while for transactional leadership it was 304/564 (54.4%) and laissez faire, it was 64/564 (11.4%). There was high correlation between transformational leadership with job satisfaction (r=0.31) and team work (r=0.47) and less correlation with motivation (r=0.18). Transactional leadership was highly correlated with teamwork (r=0.45) but low correlation with motivation (r=0.20) and job satisfaction (r=0.25). Laissez was negatively correlated with motivation at (r=−0.0002), job satisfaction (r=−0.21) and team work (r=−0.19).Conclusion:Health workers who perceived their leaders to display transformational leadership had a strong likelihood of being satisfied with their jobs and working in teams. However, those who perceived their in-charges as having a laissez faire leadership style were not motivated, not satisfied with their jobs and did not have team work.
22: ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ANTENATAL AND POSTPARTUM ANXIETY WITH WEIGHT RETENTION 1 YEAR AFTER CHILDBIRTH
Authors: Pourmehr Hanieh Salehi , Farshbafkhalili Azizeh , Mohammadi Fatemeh , Malakouti Jamileh , Rafiee Somayyeh , Abdi Mozhgan , Jafarilar Nayyer 
Published: May 2024

Background and aims:Anxiety disorders during pregnancy are of great significance. Few studies have examined the association of psychosocial factors, particularly anxiety, with weight retention and obesity postpartum. This study is aimed to investigate the extent to which trimesters of pregnancy and early postpartum anxiety is associated with weight retention 1 year after childbirth.Methods:Sixty two class 2 & 3 obese (BMI ≥35 kg/m2) and 245 normal weight (BMI 18.5–24.9 kg/m2) pregnant women in first trimester of pregnancy were enrolled after calculation of pre-pregnancy BMI from Dec 2012 to Jan 2016 and reported Anxiety symptoms on Beck Anxiety Inventory Scale (BAI) at 1st, 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy and 6–8 weeks postpartum. A scores ≤15 were considered as minimal and/or mild anxiety and scores ≥16 as moderate to severe anxiety. Associations between antenatal and postpartum anxiety with risk of substantial weight retention (at least 5 kg) 1 year after childbirth were assessed.Results:One hundred and fifty two women (78.8%) with normal prepregnancy BMI had not nor had mild anxiety during or after pregnancy, while these amounts were 31 women (67.4%) in obese group. 27 (14.0%) in normal BMI and 9 women (19.6%) in obese group experienced antenatal anxiety only, 4 (2.1%) in normal group and 2(4.3%) in obese group experienced postpartum anxiety only and 10(5.2%) in normal group and 4 women (8.7%) in obese group experienced both antenatal and postpartum depression. In all trimesters of pregnancy and postpartum period obese women had more anxiety than normal BMI group, however it was not statistically significant (p=0.1). At 1 year, participants retained a mean of 2.52 kg (range −10 to 17) in normal BMI group and 18.1% retained at least 5 kg and in obese group slightly decrease was shown: –0.02 kg (range −14 to 12) with 11.1% with retained weight at least 5 kg. Binary logistic regression analyses, after adjustment for weight-related covariates, maternal sociodemographics, and parity, antenatal and postpartum anxiety showed antenatal anxiety, either alone or in combination with postpartum anxiety, was not associated with substantial weight retention (odds ratio (OR): 1.15, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.07, 19.10).Conclusion:The relationship of obesity with anxiety during pregnancy and after delivery should be taken into consideration by heath care providers when managing obese pregnant women; not only to investigate its impacts on mood, but also to control the effects of mood on inappropriate consequences of obesity. Moreover identifying the other risk factors for weight retention after birth to prevent obesity and its sequels on women to better decision making in prenatal care guidelines contents are required.
26: AUDITORY-VERBAL THERAPY (AVT) AND EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE (EBP)
Authors: mortazavi Zahra , mortazavi Saideh 
Published: May 2024

Background and aims:EBP as conscientious and clear use is considered the best evidence in making decisions about patients. The auditory-verbal approach is a communication model through which parents and professionals can identify the deaf children. According to EBP, there are 3 required hypotheses of evidence-based practices in auditory-verbal approach; 1. Evidence-based research: systematic researches; 2. Clinical skills: enjoying all the specialists' experiences, who worked on this issue; 3. Stakeholder perspectives: including families preferences, specialists, and financial resources. All these hypotheses are required to conduct evidence-based practices.Methods:The methodology used in this sectional paper is descriptive-analytical on the basis of auditory-verbal approach and the basics of evidence-based practices. Twenty children with hearing loss, aged 6-8 years old, who used both audio hearing aid and cochlear implant, were selected as samples. It took 1 year to study the samples. Individual 20-minute sessions were held twice a week by speech therapists, psychologists, and audiologists. Group meetings were held twice a week by the trainers of the children with hearing loss. The children's parents participated in the meetings once a week and the mothers were trained how to interact with children by speech therapist. Once a month, the therapist went to their home and controlled the family's interaction with the child. Using TOLD-3, the linguistic indicators of the children were assessed before and after research.Results:80% of the children reached a language development level as that of normal children. Considerable development could be seen in receptive language within the first 6 months and in expressive language within the second 6 months.Conclusion:the auditory-verbal approach is a legitimate communication approach for the deaf children or those with different hearing loss severity, regardless of the hearing aids.
30: CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND CEREBRAL OXYGEN METABOLISM IN NORMAL AGING: A PRECURSOR FOR STUDY OF DEMENTIA AND ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE
Authors: Parnianfard Neda , Seifar Fatemeh , Aboutalebi Mohammad , Hajibonabi Farid , Vafaee Manouchehr S. 
Published: May 2024

Background and aims:Aging brain has been demonstrated to be the main risk factor for dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent findings provide clear evidence that the structural and functional integrity of the brain depends on the delicate balance between substrate delivery through blood flow and energy demands imposed by neural activity. Imaging studies of aging have in general shown reductions of cerebral blood flow (CBF) and the cerebral metabolic rates of oxygen (CMRO2) in healthy elderly adults. Based on the existing evidence, we hypothesized the CBF and CMRO2 in healthy young subjects will be higher than CBF and CMRO2 in elderly adults which itself should be higher than AD patients. Therefore, we designed the present studies specifically to reveal the role of defective cerebral oxygen metabolism and cerebral blood flow in normal aging.Methods:To test the predictions, we acquired PET scans of CBF and CMRO2 at baseline from 12 young and 12 healthy elderly subjects. The subjects underwent 2 sessions of 3-min PET scans of CBF, and CMRO2. During the CBF scans, 500 MBq of 15O-labelled water (15O-H215O) were injected intravenously at the start of each scan while they inhaled 500 MBq of 15O-[O2] in one breathe at the start of each CMRO2 scan. Quantitative CBF and CMRO2 measures were computed as parametric maps. Each subject also underwent MRI scan for structural-functional (MRI-PET) correlation.Results:The resulting global values of CBF and CMRO2 were not significantly different from each other in each age group implying that whole brain cerebral blood flow and oxygen metabolism globally do not differ from each other as one ages. However, ROI (region of interest) analysis of average CBF scans of young versus elderly revealed significant CBF and CMRO2 differences as shown in Figure 1.Conclusion:Aging appears to decrease both CBF and CMRO2, which in turn might lead to impairment in cognitive functions, an important hallmark of dementia and AD. Although it remains a matter of controversy as to whether cerebral perfusion and metabolism declines with healthy aging, however the current study confirms that indeed CBF and CMRO2 decline with age in healthy individuals.
37: COMPARISON OF TWO METHODS: TBL-BASED AND LECTURE-BASED LEARNING IN NURSING CARE OF PATIENTS WITH DIABETES IN NURSING STUDENTS
Authors: Khodaveisi Masoud , Qaderian Khosro , Oshvandi Khodayar , Soltanian Ali Reza , Vardanjani Mehdi molavi 
Published: May 2024

Background and aims:learning plays an important role in developing nursing skills and right care-taking. The Present study aims to evaluate two learning methods based on team –based learning and lecture-based learning in learning care-taking of patients with diabetes in nursing students.Method:In this quasi-experimental study, 64 students in term 4 in nursing college of Bukan and Miandoab were included in the study based on knowledge and performance questionnaire including 15 questions based on knowledge and 5 questions based on performance on care-taking in patients with diabetes were used as data collection tool whose reliability was confirmed by cronbach alpha (r=0.83) by the researcher. To compare the mean score of knowledge and performance in each group in pre-test step and post-test step, pair –t test and to compare mean of scores in two groups of control and intervention, the independent t- test was used.Results:There was not significant statistical difference between two groups in pre terms of knowledge and performance score (p=0.784). There was significant difference between the mean of knowledge scores and diabetes performance in the post-test in the team-based learning group and lecture-based learning group (p=0.001). There was significant difference between the mean score of knowledge of diabetes care in pre-test and post-test in base learning groups (p=0.001).Conclusion:In both methods team-based and lecture-based learning approaches resulted in improvement in learning in students, but the rate of learning in the team-based learning approach is greater compared to that of lecture-based learning and it is recommended that this method be used as a higher education method in the education of students.
45: DEVELOPING AN AUDIT MODEL FOR EVALUATING EDUCATIONAL DEPARTMENTS
Authors: Amini Abolghasem , Tabrizi Jafar Sadegh , Farahsa Sahar 
Published: May 2024

Background and aims:To achieve the goals and expectations of education, universities, colleges and educational departments, have to measure and improve the quality of education through specific mechanisms in the form of audit and evaluation. The purpose of this study was to develop a comprehensive educational audit model for evaluating an educational department.Methods:A two-step process was used to develop the audit model. First, based on a literature review, evaluation and audit models were studied and features of an educational audit model were derived. Then a primary audit model was developed based on the synthesized data. In the phase two, a panel of relevant experts and professionals reviewed and assessed the developed audit framework at three consensus meetings.Results:Areas of the CIPP model including context, input, process and products, have been addressed in the proposed model and also strengths of different models and necessary features have been taken into account. These features were improving culture of quality in the organization, improving intra organizational relationships and increasing the knowledge, creativity and accountability of the staff and faculty members. The model which named Audit and quality improvement cycle consists of six stages: 1) Developing audit plan 2) Performing educational audit 3) Analyzing the results and preparing audit report 4) Developing improvement plans 5) Performing interventions and 6) Analyzing the results after interventions.Conclusion:Educational audit, determines description of the current situation and the distance to the desirable conditions. Different interpretations of evaluation lead to the development of several models in this field. The proposed model which is based on an organizational approach, involves the cycle of comparing the current situation with the pre-defined standards and the complementary cycle of quality improvement for ensuring continues improvement and provides a comprehensive and applicable framework which can help the future researchers to evaluate educational departments .
54: EVALUATING THE EXTENT OF AJUMS LIBRARIANS AWARENESS AND ATTITUDE TOWARD EBL
Authors: Aghazadeh-Asl Ebrahim , Alavi Hoda , Soosani-Gharibvand Bahran , Momenzadeh Nazanin 
Published: May 2024

Background and aims:evidence-based librarianship (EBL) is the incorporation of scientific research into the professional practices of librarianship. In other words, EBL attempts to apply the best existing evidence topromotelibrary services for patrons. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the awareness and attitude of librarians toward implementing EBL in their daily practice.Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted through a survey and included all 50 Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences' librarians. Due to small size of the population, no statistical sample was established. A researcher-made questionnaire was utilized for the survey and the face validity and reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient 0.75. For analyzing the data, descriptive statistics (frequency and percentage) were used.Results:Most librarians (45 percent) had intermediate familiarity with the application of EBL. However, they had a positive attitude toward EBL and the majority of them acknowledged its implication in their job promotion. The major barriers to implementing EBL from librarians' viewpoint were lack of familiarity with the concept of EBL and the novelty of the subject (42 percent), Lack of access to some of the evidence-based resources (52 percent) and finally the large volume of information available in the medical field (42 percent).Conclusion:EBL skills such as information seeking skills need to be thought in order to enable librarians to better and faster serve their community according to the best evidence and latest findings in EBL.
64: EVIDENCE FOR WHAT KIND OF MEDICINE
Authors: Kazemi Abdolhassan 
Published: May 2024

Background and aims:Current modern Medicine has below characters.–  Life medicalization– Over life medicalization and consequently over-diagnosis, over-testing, over-treatment–  Market Based Medicine–  Disease Mongering–  Wishful filling MedicineDue to above characters some of famous scientists, researchers and clinicians have been postulated remarkable deviance about validity of current research in life sciences and medical sciences. These famous scientists and researchers have emphasis about research wastes under shadow of medical Empire; Market based Medicine, Diseases Mongering.Methods:According the idea and of course evidences of this group of scientists and researchers, drug and Medical devices companies activities for has been leads to wishful filling Medicine.Results:Based on mentioned frame and structure for current modern Medicine, all and whole aspects of medicine, compulsory, obligatory and automatically are under obey of medical Empire including drug and medical devices company, private hospitals, medical insurances, physician benefits and so on. Consequently the nature of global health system and Medicine and albeit evidences about these health system and Medicine is not in the frame of patient benefits and values.Conclusion:Patients and societies in this frame of Medicine, has not human dignity because they are not patient. They are customers, and their trafficking and money for health system is more important than their health and values.
71: HEALTH RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING HEMODIALYSIS OR PERITONEAL DIALYSIS TREATMENT
Authors: Namdar Azam , Namdar Fatemeh , Naghizadeh Mohamad Mehdi 
Published: May 2024

Background and aims:Modern societies include increasing proportions of elderly people, with a resulting increase in the incidence and duration of chronic illnesses. Quality of life (QOL) has recently been explored as one of the main outcomes of renal replacement therapy. Since Iran's policy is that patients on hemodialysis to peritoneal dialysis driven, so in this study, we sought to compare two groups of patients hemodialysis (HD), peritoneal dialysis (PD) with regard to QOL in dialysis centers of Shiraz, Iran 2013, also QOL in patients undergoing (HD) and (PD) were compared with the QOL of Iranian society.Methods:In this cross-sectional study, QOL was analyzed in 35 peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients (Census sampling method) compared with 60 hemodialysis (HD) patients matched as closely as possible to the PD patients regarding age, gender, education, and occupation. All groups were asked to estimate their subjective QOL by responding to socio demographic data and the Short-form 36 (SF-36). Data were analyzed via SPSS21 software using descriptive and analytical statistics (Frequency, Percent, Mean and Standard Deviation, T-test, multivariate regression analysis and Chi-square) with regard to the significant level of 0.05.Results:The total sample of 95 patients consisted of 43 males (45.3%) and 52 females (54.7%), with a mean age of HD patients 54.9±14.9 and PD patients 52.6±15.5. Rating physical problems in HD group 1.75±7.99 and in PD group 27.94±38.32 there was a significant difference in the two groups (P<0.001). Total dimension of the physical QOL Under the influence of variables the type of dialysis (P<0.001) hypertension (P=0.043) and total dimension of the mental QOL Under the influence of variables the type of dialysis (P<0.001) hypertension (P=0.040) and age (P=0.024) were.Conclusion:Although the quality of life both hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients was lower than the general population but in all aspects in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis had a better quality of life. So the health care team can use this information to education and encourage them to choose PD treatment efforts to extend patients' life satisfaction.