bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How plant and insect host characteristics affect pepper weevil Anthonomus eugenii parasitism efficacy by the pteromalid Jaliscoa hunteri
Authors: Leo Serena , Labbé Roselyne , Scott-Dupree Cynthia 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe pepper weevil Anthonomus eugenii (Cano) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is an economically important pest of both field and greenhouse pepper crops, Capsicum annuum Linnaeus (Solanaceae) in North America. Among its natural enemies is the parasitoid wasp Jaliscoa (= Catolaccus) hunteri (Crawford) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), whose potential control of A. eugenii appears promising but is currently unclear. We conducted controlled environment trials to quantify A. eugenii offspring emergence following exposure to J. hunteri, examining how parasitoid exposure period, weevil host life stage, pepper cultivar, fruit size and abscission status affect weevil-natural enemy dynamics. In pepper cultivar comparison trials, we identified a significant reduction in weevil offspring emergence from three different cultivars of ornamental peppers infested by A. eugenii, but no difference among them. In trials comparing wasp exposure period and weevil larval instar, pepper plants of one cultivar (Blaze) were exposed to A. eugenii adults, and subsequently to J. hunteri wasps for either three or seven days, when offspring weevils were either at the L1 or L3 instar. Offspring emergence was significantly reduced up to 62% when L3 but not L1 weevils were exposed to wasps for 7 days. Following this longer exposure period, significantly greater weevil suppression occurred in small (71.7%) versus large fruit (62.5%), with an additional 15.1% weevil suppression resulting from attached relative to abscised fruit. These results highlight the potential for J. hunteri as a biological control agent of A. eugenii on pepper crops, with particular value in commercial greenhouse production where wasp retention rates can be high.
Climate changes and food-borne pathogens: the impact on human health and mitigation strategy
Authors: Awad Dina A. , Masoud Hazem A. , Hamad Ahmed 
Published: June 2024

AbstractClimate change has emerged as a major pressing global issue with far-reaching implications for human health, such as the emerging and spread of food-borne pathogens. Food-borne pathogens are microorganisms that can cause illness in humans, from mild discomfort to life-threatening diseases, through the consumption of contaminated food or water. The impact of climate change on food-borne pathogens is multifaceted and includes changes in the environment, agriculture, and human behavior. This review article examines the effect of climate change on food-borne pathogens, explores the connection between climate change and food-borne illness, records the current evidence on the effects of climate change on food-borne pathogens and potential consequences for human health, highlights knowledge gaps and areas for further research, and summarizes the strategies for mitigation and adaptation. Understanding the delicate relationship between climate change and food-borne infections makes it possible to maintain food systems and defend the health and well-being of populations worldwide.
Resistance to powdery mildew in Irish oat heritage lines
Authors: Reilly Aisling , Okoń Sylwia , Cieplak Magdalena , Finnan John , Kildea Steven , Feechan Angela 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCereal breeding in Ireland took place in the early twentieth Century to establish native Irish oat cultivars with higher grain yields. However, the production of Irish cultivars declined rapidly from 1973 as the import of international, commercially bred oat cultivars increased which were tested for suitability to Irish climatic conditions. A collection of these heritage oat accessions has been maintained by the Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine (DAFM). In this study, we investigated a collection of heritage oats for possible resistance to powdery mildew caused by the fungal pathogen Blumeria graminis f. sp. avenae (Bga). We identified Bga resistance in two historical oat accessions (Tyrone 1994 and Sandy). This resistance was mediated by high levels of papillae formation and/or encasements to an Irish single spore isolate. However, intermediate resistance was observed when using a range of Bga isolates.
Carbon financial trading risk based on multidimensional analysis of data flow from the perspective of low-carbon economy
Authors: Su Qing , Chen Lifeng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCurrently, carbon trading provides financial incentives for buying and selling savings to generate a certain quantity of energy gases with a market-based mechanism. Trade in renewable energy and breakthroughs in energy efficiency can be enhanced by managing either the obstacles to the business or economic risks associated with trade facilitation, making is challenging to implement a low-carbon economy in developing financial systems. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions is likely perceived as in contradiction with the combat for poverty in developing nations, and rising real incomes are often connected with better-increased energy production. To maintain carbon option trading, the analysis begins to predict future carbon option prices using the generalized auto-regressive conditional heteroskedasticity model and fractional brownian motion. Predicting carbon option prices using fractional brownian motion makes sense, given their fractal nature. Data envelopment analysis to better understand the countermeasures for utilizing a low-carbon economy need to further analytical and economic improvement of the marketing function and development. Hence, this research GARCH-DEA has been designed to strengthen carbon financial trading using multidimensional data flow analysis from the perspective of the varying nature of returns and the implications for a low-carbon economy; distribution features are enormous theoretical and practical relevance for the monitoring and management of financial risks. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions, resulting in carbon dioxide is vital in the battle against climate change. Products and services that require carbon-intensive inputs, like electricity and transportation, can be more expensive due to the rising cost of burning fossil fuels.
A perspective on the significance of reporting climate change adaptation information to the united nations framework convention on climate change
Authors: Mantlana K. B. , Ndiitwani M. , Ndhleve S. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is the centre of the global policy response to climate change. The Paris Agreement, a legally binding treaty under the UNFCCC, has located climate change adaptation as a critical component of the global response to climate change. The Paris Agreement also establishes an enhanced transparency framework to track progress towards Parties climate change commitments. However, the UNFCCC has consistently maintained a marked difference in provisions for reporting climate change adaptation and climate change mitigation. Consequently, reporting on climate change adaptation lags far behind in detail when compared to that for reporting on climate change mitigation. Using literature review as the main method of analysis, this paper aims to understand the underlying factors that have resulted in the lack of specificity of reporting provisions of the UNFCCC for climate change adaptation and the consequences of non-mandatory provisions for reporting on climate change adaptation on national and global adaptation practice. The paper then highlights the benefits of regular reporting of climate change adaptation to the UNFCCC. It makes important contribution to the growing literature on global environmental governance, especially on national reporting of adaptation information, an under-studied and a poorly understood field.
Adynamism in Physics: The Block Universe vs Barbour’s Relational Strategy
Authors: Margoni Emilia 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe block universe is generally considered as the metaphysical position that best accommodates the outcomes of relativistic physics. Its most consistent formulation postulates a static universe where change is not admitted. However, some of its advocates try to reconcile its basic adynamical commitments as to the nature of physical reality with certain aspects of dynamism that arise, for instance, within human experience. In this article, I first examine how some block viewers try to reconcile dynamism and adynamism. I then go on to discuss the problems that emerge while trying to make room for dynamism within the block. To this end, I clarify the meaning of adynamism and explains what it takes to eradicate dynamism through the implementation of the so-called “Langrangian schema”. Based on this analysis, I juxtapose two resolute attempts at the formulation of a thoroughly adynamical project. The first, named relational block world, aims to make the block view totally static. The second, Barbour’s early works on the implementation of a neo-Machian relational strategy, makes the point that a complete adynamism cannot be achieved within relativity and its metaphysical counterpart. The article in conclusion argues that, by dismissing four-dimensionalism and embracing three-dimensionalism, Barbour proves better at promoting an utterly static physics.
Review of OpenFOAM applications in the computational wind engineering: from wind environment to wind structural engineering
Authors: Ricci Alessio 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in the wind engineering (WE) is generally defined as computational wind engineering (CWE). Since its foundation in 2004, the use of OpenFOAM in CWE has been increasing progressively and covers nowadays a wide range of topics, from wind environment to wind structural engineering. This paper was drafted in response to the invitation from the organizers of the 18th OpenFOAM workshop held in Genoa (Italy) on 11–14 July 2023, when a technical session on Civil Engineering and Wind Engineering was organized. In this paper the author briefly reviews the history of WE and surveys the evolution, methods, and future challenges of OpenFOAM in the CWE. Topics are here regrouped into three main research areas and discussed from a physical, engineering and purely computational perspective. The study does not cover the Wind Energy and related topics, since this can be considered nowadays as a stand-alone subfield of the WE. This review confirms that OpenFOAM is a versatile tool widely used for WE applications that often require new models to be developed ad hoc by CFD users. It can be coupled easily with numerical weather prediction models for mesoscale-microscale wind and thermal studies, with building energy simulation models to determine the energy demand, with finite element method for structural engineering design. OpenFOAM represents an extraordinary opportunity for all CFD users worldwide to share codes and case studies, to explore the potential of new functionalities and strengthen the network within the CFD community.
Profile mit Bedacht schärfen, statt überhastete Maßnahmen umzusetzen
Authors: Breuer-Nyhsen Julia , Klomann Verena 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungIn nahezu allen Handlungs- und Tätigkeitsfeldern der Sozialen Arbeit ist der Bedarf und Mangel an gut qualifizierten Fachkräften immanent. Der oft große Handlungsdruck führt zu pragmatischen Lösungen, mit denen nicht selten erhebliche Abstriche in der Qualität der (dann mitunter nicht mehr) professionellen Leistungserbringung einhergehen. Anstatt diese Entwicklungen weiter zu befördern, braucht es – ganz besonders in dieser oft als Fachkräfte-Krise bezeichneten Situation – ein Innehalten, um langfristig wirkungsvolle und professionalitätserhaltende Bewältigungsmöglichkeiten zu entwickeln.
Maternal Gene Delivery for the Prevention and Treatment of Obstetric Conditions
Authors: D’Alessandro Sophia C. , Boyle Ashley K. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
There is an urgent unmet clinical need for effective therapies for obstetric complications such as fetal growth restriction, pre-eclampsia and preterm birth. These global health conditions have long term consequences for the health of survivors and the families affected, as well as societal and economic implications. Despite decades of research, prevention and treatment options are limited and often demonstrate suboptimal efficacy. Thus, cutting-edge approaches, such as gene delivery, may offer a novel solution. With the advancement of prenatal gene therapy preclinical research for the treatment of inherited diseases, the safe delivery of these technologies in utero is becoming a reality.

Recent Findings
We will give insights into the current preclinical research specifically relating to maternal gene delivery to improve the outcomes of pregnancy-related conditions.

Summary
Obstetric disorders lack effective prevention and treatment options. Innovative approaches, such as gene transfer, may provide a promising alternative. This review summarises potential gene therapies in preclinical development for fetal growth restriction, pre-eclampsia and preterm birth.
Parameter study of an Al–Cr–Mo–Sc–Zr alloy processed by laser powder bed fusion reaching high build rates
Authors: Agricola Barbara , Bierwisch Claas , Palm Frank , Jägle Eric A. , Kerschenlohr Annegret 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMarket availability of aluminum alloys for laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) is still highly limited in comparison to conventional manufacturing processes. The demand for high-strength but inexpensive alloys specifically designed for L-PBF is high. This demand has led to research on a variety of adapted conventional alloys which are still limited to utilize the full potential of L-PBF. Scalmalloy® (Al–Mg–Sc–Zr) satisfies the demand for high-strength L-PBF-alloys but needs a high energy input and has troubles with evaporation of Mg. Scancromal® (Al–Cr–Sc–Zr) is a novel alloying system for L-PBF and was first introduced in 2019 with the possibility of higher build rates and comparable strengths to Scalmalloy®. In this paper, a more economic low Sc-containing version of Scancromal® is presented. A parameter study was performed for $${100}\,\upmu \hbox {m}$$

100

μ
m

layer thickness reaching high build rates of about $${47}\,\hbox {cm}^{3}\,\hbox {h}^{-1}$$

47

cm
3

h

-
1

. Hardness tests for different parameters were carried out and showed a stable process window with a hardness comparable to AlSi10Mg. Additionally, two-dimensional multilayer process simulations showed a potential for increasing the layer thickness to $${150}\,\upmu \hbox {m}$$

150

μ
m

and therefore a significant increase in build rate of up to $${70}\,\hbox {cm}^{3}\,\hbox {h}^{-1}$$

70

cm
3

h

-
1

highlighting the high productivity potential of Al–Cr alloys for L-PBF.
Optimized CO2 photoreduction using cuprous oxide (Cu2O) nanoparticles synthesized using Psidium guajava extract
Authors: Torres-Arellano S. , Luevano-Hipolito E. , Fabela-Cedillo Mayte G. , Aleman-Ramirez J. L. , Torres-Martínez Leticia M. , Sebastian P. J. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This work aims to propose earth-abundant materials for CO2 photoreduction to generate renewable solar fuels to provide practical solutions to global warming. The selected material in this case is cuprous oxide (Cu2O), one of the most promising photocatalysts for CO2 photoreduction due to its high affinity to solar radiation and electronic properties. Cu2O nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized using Psidium guajava residue for the photocatalytic CO2 reduction. The aqueous residue of the Psidium guajava fruit proved to be suitable for stabilizing and acting as a reducing agent for the synthesis of Cu2O NPs. The XRD analysis confirmed the formation of the cubic structure of Cu2O. The nanoparticles absorb light from 430 nm with a direct bandgap value of around 1.8 eV. Cu2O NPs exhibited activity for CO2 photoreduction, whose efficiency was optimized by an orthogonal Taguchi L9 design. The factors studied were catalyst loading, air flow, and temperature. During the use of Cu2O NPs in the CO2 photoreduction HCOOH was identified as the main product, with an optimized production of 103.4 µmol h− 1 under visible light. Also, it was demonstrated the photocatalytic activity of the Cu2O NPs for H2 evolution by water splitting.

Graphical Abstract
Monitoring Creeping Landslides with InSAR in a Loess-covered Mountainous Area in the Ili Valley, Central Asia
Authors: Fan Binbin , Luo Geping , Hellwich Olaf , Shi Xuguo , Yuan Xiuliang , Ma Xiaofei , Shang Ming , Wang Yuangang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLoess landslides in mountainous regions of the Ili Valley have resulted in numerous casualties as well as huge economic losses. However, the characteristics and driving mechanisms of surface deformation related to loess landslides in mountainous areas remain unclear, thus limiting our ability to identify, monitor, and warn populations of potential catastrophic events. This study was conducted in a typical mountainous area of the Ili Valley, where landslides have been documented by field investigations, unmanned aerial vehicle images, and light detection and ranging data. With ascending and descending Sentinel‑1 time series synthetic aperture radar images, acquired using the small baselines subset method, surface deformation was observed for the period from October 2014 to October 2021, and loess landslides were concurrently mapped to delineate hazardous areas. Using the methods of this study, we were able to identify 74.4% of previously documented landslides. Additionally, we observed a seasonal time-series of deformation that had a time delay of less than one month and was responsive to rainfall. Our analysis of the characteristics and driving mechanisms of creeping landslides in the Ili Valley led to the compilation of a new inventory of active slopes that will offer valuable guidance for land managers tasked with implementing disaster prevention measures.
Navigating Waste Oil Re-refinery Paths with Consideration of Uncertainty: A Sequential Optimization Approach
Authors: Yeo Lip Siang , Hie Jonathan Yung Chuan , Andiappan Viknesh , How Bing Shen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCircular economy (CE) appears to be a plausible strategy to reduce emissions and enhance sustainability for the heavy-emitting sector including the oil and gas sector. This works explores the feasibility of waste oil (WO) re-refinery pathways. Given that the moisture content of the WO plays an important role in the production cost and product quality, the impact of the moisture content variation is considered in this work. The influence of feed uncertainty on the decision-making model is modelling through a sequential optimization approach by employing Aspen HYSYS and Monte-Carlo simulation to synthesize the optimal re-refining solution in terms of (i) economic domain, (ii) environmental domain, and (iii) product quality domain. This work is essentially a step-by-step guide that helps project engineers in making informed decisions in selecting and designing the waste oil re-refinery facilities.
Between Picasso and Researcher: Introducing Cubistic Perspectives to the Social Sciences
Authors: Campill Marc Antoine 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe following article introduces the notions of Cubism and fragmental insights into Picassos’ life as crucial material for the future of social sciences. In particular the use of subjectivity as the tool is underlined, by the notion of artifact construction and the interplay between being an artist and being a human with everyday life struggles. Cultural psychological perspectives intermingled with the awareness of the fluid and dynamic sense of material reality are used to underline where and how social sciences can improve their cultivation while respecting reality in its whole interconnectivity. In particular the notions between linearity and curvature in the context of Picasso’s perspective and art expressions of women are explored and used to understand the instability of generalization.
Steady Periodic Hydroelastic Waves in Polar Regions
Authors: Matioc Bogdan-Vasile , Părău Emilian I. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe construct two-dimensional steady periodic hydroelastic waves with vorticity that propagate on water of finite depth under a deformable floating elastic plate which is modeled by using the special Cosserat theory of hyperelastic shells satisfying Kirchhoff’s hypothesis. This is achieved by providing a necessary and sufficient condition for local bifurcation from the trivial branch of laminar flow solutions.
Ethnobotany, pharmacology and phytochemistry of medicinal plants used for management of Diabetes mellitus in Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania and the Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Dangana Reuben Samson , Abubakar Ibrahim Babangida , Shinkafi Tijjani Salihu , Aja Patrick Maduabuchi , Nwozo Sarah Onyenibe 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Ethnopharmacological relevance
For decades, patients in East Africa have used herbal medicine as an alternative and affordable therapeutic option for the treatment of diseases such as Diabetes Mellitus (DM). As a result, the primary objective of this research was to thoroughly investigate the plants employed for treating DM in Uganda, Tanzania, Kenya, and the Democratic Republic of Congo and gather pertinent ethnopharmacological and ethnomedicinal knowledge that could be applied in the development of therapies for DM.

Aim of the study
The study is aimed at critically reviewing the phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology of medicinal plants used for treating diabetes in East African countries, including Uganda, Tanzania, Kenya, and the Democratic Republic of Congo.

Method
A search for relevant articles was conducted on PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Open Theses, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Scopus, and the identified articles were evaluated for quality, relevance, and taxonomical accuracy before undergoing review.

Results
The study identified 140 plant species used by local communities for the management of DM in East Africa, with decoction and infusion being the most common preparation methods. The leaves, root, and stem bark were the most frequently used parts. The in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated the antidiabetic effect of medicinal plants such as Kigelia Africana, Hagenia abyssinica (Rosaceae), Physalis peruviana among other plants used for herbal treatment elicited via stimulation of insulin release, and gluconeogenesis. Phytochemicals present were mainly flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, and glycosides.

Conclusion
The local communities in Uganda, Tanzania, Kenya and the Democratic Republic of Congo use herbal medicine for managing DM, but only a fraction of these species have scientific evidence. This necessitates additional research to establish the effectiveness, safety and potentially develop novel therapeutics for the management of DM.