bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Virtual fitness buddy ecosystem: a mixed reality precision health physical activity intervention for children
Authors: Ahn Sun Joo , Schmidt Michael D. , Tate Allan D. , Rathbun Stephen , Annesi James J. , Hahn Lindsay , Novotny Eric , Okitondo Christian , Grimsley Rebecca N. , Johnsen Kyle 
Published: May 2024

Abstract6–11-year-old children provide a critical window for physical activity (PA) interventions. The Virtual Fitness Buddy ecosystem is a precision health PA intervention for children integrating mixed reality technology to connect people and devices. A cluster randomized, controlled trial was conducted across 19 afterschool sites over two 6-month cohorts to test its efficacy in increasing PA and decreasing sedentary behavior. In the treatment group, a custom virtual dog via a mixed reality kiosk helped children set PA goals while sharing progress with parents to receive feedback and support. Children in the control group set PA goals using a computer without support from the virtual dog or parents. 303 children had 8+ hours of PA data on at least one day of each of the 3 intervention time intervals. Conversion of sedentary time was primarily to light-intensity PA and was strongest for children with low baseline moderate-to-vigorous PA than children above 45 min of baseline moderate-to-vigorous PA. Findings suggest that the VFB ecosystem can promote sustainable PA in children and may be rapidly diffused for widespread public health impact.
Selecting non-halogenated low-toxic hole transporting materials for Roll-to-Roll perovskite solar cells using carbon electrodes
Authors: Parvazian Ershad , Beynon David , Jenkins Olivia , Patidar Rahul , Mcgettrick James , Ngombe Samual , Patil Bhushan , Garcia-Rodriguez Rodrigo , Villalobos Karen Valadez , Davies Peter , Davies Mathew , Watson Trystan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPerovskite solar cells hold promise for cost-effective, high-efficiency renewable energy generation; yet their commercialization is hindered by progress towards scalable fabrication methods. Roll-to-roll processing is a promising solution for large-scale production, and the incorporation of Roll-to-roll coated carbon electrodes offers several additional advantages, including low-cost manufacturing and high-stability. Introducing a compatible hole transporting layer between perovskite and carbon significantly improves performance. Here we present a study comparing four interlayers (Spiro-MeOTAD, PTAA, PEDOT, and P3HT) in printed devices, assessing efficiency, stability, and scalability. Our results reveal that spiro-MeOTAD and PTAA was not compatible with the carbon electrode however PEDOT and P3HT showed promising results. Beyond photovoltaic performance, comparison of P3HT and PEDOT in terms of stability, toxicity, and cost reveals that P3HT can be a superior choice for scaling up manufacturing. These findings offer valuable insights for optimizing perovskite solar cells performance in scalable production via roll-to-roll printing.
A 300-year tree-ring δ18O-based precipitation reconstruction for the South American Altiplano highlights decadal hydroclimate teleconnections
Authors: Rodriguez-Caton Milagros , Morales Mariano S. , Rao Mukund Palat , Nixon Troy , Vuille Mathias , Rivera Juan Antonio , Oelkers Rose , Christie Duncan A. , Varuolo-Clarke Arianna M. , Ferrero M. Eugenia , Magney Troy , Daux Valérie , Villalba Ricardo , Andreu-Hayles Laia 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTropical South American climate is influenced by the South American Summer Monsoon and the El Niño Southern Oscillation. However, assessing natural hydroclimate variability in the region is hindered by the scarcity of long-term instrumental records. Here we present a tree-ring δ18O-based precipitation reconstruction for the South American Altiplano for 1700–2013 C.E., derived from Polylepis tarapacana tree rings. This record explains 56% of December–March instrumental precipitation variability in the Altiplano. The tree-ring δ18O chronology shows interannual (2–5 years) and decadal (~11 years) oscillations that are remarkably consistent with periodicities observed in Altiplano precipitation, central tropical Pacific sea surface temperatures, southern-tropical Andean ice core δ18O and tropical Pacific coral δ18O archives. These results demonstrate the value of annual-resolution tree-ring δ18O records to capture hydroclimate teleconnections and generate robust tropical climate reconstructions. This work contributes to a better understanding of global oxygen-isotope patterns, as well as atmospheric and oceanic processes across the tropics.
Submarine volcanic microbiota record three volcano-induced tsunamis
Authors: Lee Hoil , Choi Yire , Han Ji Hye , Lee Sang Deuk , Park Sujeong , Choi Jin-Hyuck 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe precise determination of sediment provenance not only yields insights into past tsunami events but also offers a window into understanding the genesis of tsunamis in distinct environments, such as volcanic regions. Through meticulous analysis of core samples from a lagoon in east of Korea Peninsula, we unveil three previously undocumented tsunamis and identify specific bacterial taxa associated with submarine volcanism during distinct periods. Specific bacterial species (Sulfurimonas_f and Alicyclobacillus ferrooxydans) and the presence of the silicoflagellate Dictyocha byronalis indicate deep-sea volcanic origins for certain sediment layers. The presence of microfossils, typically found in high-salinity pelagic environments during Event I, strongly supports the occurrence of a tsunami. These findings align with heightened volcanic activity on Ulleung Island during Event I and provide valuable chronological insights into submarine volcanic processes near Ulleung Island for Events II and III. Our study highlights these biological markers as crucial indicator for understanding past tsunamis arising from volcanic activity.
Optimising air quality prediction in smart cities with hybrid particle swarm optimization‐long‐short term memory‐recurrent neural network model
Authors: Dalal Surjeet , Lilhore Umesh Kumar , Faujdar Neetu , Samiya Sarita , Jaglan Vivek , Alroobaea Roobaea , Shaheen Momina , Ahmad Faizan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn smart cities, air pollution is a critical issue that affects individual health and harms the environment. The air pollution prediction can supply important information to all relevant parties to take appropriate initiatives. Air quality prediction is a hot area of research. The existing research encounters several challenges that is, poor accuracy and incorrect real‐time updates. This research presents a hybrid model based on long‐short term memory (LSTM), recurrent neural network (RNN), and Curiosity‐based Motivation method. The proposed model extracts a feature set from the training dataset using an RNN layer and achieves sequencing learning by applying an LSTM layer. Also, to deal with the overfitting issues in LSTM, the proposed model utilises a dropout strategy. In the proposed model, input and recurrent connections can be dropped from activation and weight updates using the dropout regularisation approach, and it utilises a Curiosity‐based Motivation model to construct a novel motivational model, which helps in the reconstruction of long short‐term memory recurrent neural network. To minimise the prediction error, particle swarm optimisation is implemented to optimise the LSTM neural network's weights. The authors utilise an online Air Pollution Monitoring dataset from Salt Lake City, USA with five air quality indicators for comparison, that is, SO2, CO, O3, and NO2, to predict air quality. The proposed model is compared with existing Gradient Boosted Tree Regression, Existing LSTM, and Support Vector Machine based Regression Model. Experimental analysis shows that the proposed method has 0.0184 (Root Mean Square Error (RMSE)), 0.0082 (Mean Absolute Error), 2002*109 (Mean Absolute Percentage Error), and 0.122 (R2‐Score). The experimental findings demonstrate that the proposed LSTM model had RMSE performance in the prescribed dataset and statistically significant superior outcomes compared to existing methods.
Magnetic field dragging in filamentary molecular clouds
Authors: Tapinassi Domitilla , Galli Daniele , Padovani Marco , Beuther Henrik 
Published: May 2024

Context. Maps of polarized dust emission of molecular clouds reveal the morphology of the magnetic field associated with star-forming regions. In particular, polarization maps of hub-filament systems show the distortion of magnetic field lines induced by gas flows onto and inside filaments.
Aims. We aim to understand the relation between the curvature of magnetic field lines associated with filaments in hub-filament systems and the properties of the underlying gas flows.
Methods. We consider steady-state models of gas with finite electrical resistivity flowing across a transverse magnetic field. We derive the relation between the bending of the field lines and the flow parameters represented by the Alfvén Mach number and the magnetic Reynolds number.
Results. We find that, on the scale of the filaments, the relevant parameter for a gas of finite electrical resistivity is the magnetic Reynolds number, and we derive the relation between the deflection angle of the field from the initial direction (assumed perpendicular to the filament) and the value of the electrical resistivity, due to either Ohmic dissipation or ambipolar diffusion.
Conclusions. Application of this model to specific observations of polarized dust emission in filamentary clouds shows that magnetic Reynolds numbers of a few tens are required to reproduce the data. Despite significant uncertainties in the observations (the flow speed, the geometry and orientation of the filament), and the idealization of the model, the specific cases considered show that ambipolar diffusion can provide the resistivity needed to maintain a steady state flow across magnetic fields of significant strength over realistic time scales.
La qualité de l’eau de boisson en élevage : choisir le biocide le plus adapté
Authors: Bastier Stéphane 
Published: May 2024

Les dernières statistiques du Groupement de Défense Sanitaire de la Mayenne montrent que 70 à 80 % des eaux brutes des puits sont concernées par des contaminations bactériologiques et 60 % des eaux de forages sont riches en fer et manganèse, nécessitant un traitement continu, adapté et suivi [8]. Par conséquent, la maîtrise de la qualité bactériologique, mais aussi physicochimique de l’eau de boisson en élevage est primordiale et doit rester un sujet d’attention permanent.
Actuellement, le contexte réglementaire évolue et par voie de conséquence, le marché des solutions biocides pour rendre potable l’eau de boisson en élevage. Ainsi, choisir une solution biocide pour désinfecter l’eau de boisson dans un élevage ne s’improvise pas. Bien au contraire ce choix intervient au terme d’une réflexion qui prend en compte l’ensemble des paramètres ayant trait à la qualité et la distribution de l’eau.
Les critères pris en compte sont les suivants : le système doit être facilement contrôlable, préserver l’intégrité des canalisations, limiter le développement du biofilm et sécuriser l’efficacité des traitements médicamenteux ou des vaccinations distribués par l’eau de boisson. Le tout devant être le plus économique au quotidien et sécurisant pour les animaux, les opérateurs et l’environnement.
Crypto-asset regulatory landscape: a comparative analysis of the crypto-asset regulation in the UK and Germany
Authors: Wronka Christoph 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this research paper is to compare and analyse how crypto-assets are regulated in the UK and Germany. The aim is to understand and highlight the approaches taken by these two countries in terms of regulating crypto-assets and to explore the potential impact that their regulatory frameworks could have on the market for these crypto-assets. The research employs a doctrinal research design to examine the crypto-asset regulatory regimes in the UK and Germany. A comprehensive review of existing literature, official regulatory documents and relevant legal frameworks is conducted to understand the core components of each country's crypto-asset regulations. The findings of this study reveal divergences in the regulatory approaches of the UK and Germany towards crypto-assets. While the UK has embraced a principles-based regulatory framework, fostering innovation and industry growth, Germany has adopted a more prescriptive and cautious approach, focusing on investor protection and market stability. The research identifies that the UK's flexible approach has attracted a flourishing crypto-asset ecosystem, while Germany's conservative stance has offered greater investor confidence. However, certain regulatory gaps and challenges persist in both jurisdictions, such as ambiguities in classification and tax treatment, requiring further attention.
Sequential innovation and contribution distribution: measurement from game live-streaming industry
Authors: Huang Jinglei , Xie Danxia , Xu Zhihao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractProfit distribution in sequential innovation is a crucial yet relatively unexplored area of empirical research. With novel cross-section data from the game live-streaming industry, we are the first to assess the contribution shared by initial and follow-on innovators empirically. Unlike the complex innovation paths of patents, the copyright structure within the game live-streaming industry is clear and concise, enabling direct measurement of innovation value. At the industry’s average level, the share stands at 1:2 between game producers and streamers. This measurement remains robust even after controlling for income levels and distinguishing between professionals and amateurs. Nevertheless, significant heterogeneity exists across different game genres. We suggest that a balanced distribution scheme between initial and follow-on innovators should seriously consider their contribution shares.
Influence of annealing temperature and laser irradiation on the structural, optical, and photoluminescence characteristics of Ni2O3/SnO2nanocomposites for perspective applications
Authors: El Desouky Fawzy G , Saleh Hisham A , Atta Diaa 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this study, a new approach methodology is employed to modify the structural, optical, and photoluminescence properties of Ni2O3/SnO2(NO/TO) nanocomposites. The effects of temperature and laser irradiation on a specific system were analyzed and described using XRD, XPS, and TEM. The diffraction patterns indicate the presence of two distinct phases within the NO/TO system. The XPS results reveal a robust underlying interaction between Ni2O3and SnO2, exhibited by the observed shifts in the peak positions of Ni 2p, Sn 3d, and O 1 s. The TEM images demonstrate the formation of hexagonal and half-hexagonal forms with varying orientations, as well as the emergence of elongated tetragonal shapes, upon increasing the temperature to 900 °C. the notable enhancement in light absorption, with the absorption bands spanning a wide range in the UV–vis spectra, specifically from approximately 300 nm to around 800 nm in the near-infrared (NIR) region. The broad range of PL emission bands identified by this mixture of nanoparticles, expanding from the UV to the near and intermediate IR regions, demonstrated that NO/TO nanocpomposites are considerably defective. The NO/TO nanocomposites exhibit efficient multi-color band emissions at ambient conditions, rendering them promising contenders for deployment in optoelectronic nanodevices, including blue, yellow, and white band emission light-emitting diodes and NIR luminescence bioimaging.
Some classes of interacting two-fluid model of the expanding universe
Authors: Bhattacharya Subhra 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We consider interacting dark matter-dark energy models arising out of a general interaction term

Q
=
f
(

ρ

m

,

ρ

d

,

ρ

̇

m

,

ρ

̇

d

)
.

Here f is a functional relation connecting the energy densities ρ

m
and ρ

d
and their derivatives w.r.t. time t. In our model we consider two interacting barotropic fluid with constant equation of state ω

m
and ω

d
. By considering a dynamical interaction between them we trace out the cosmological evolution dynamics of the Universe. We analytically solve the model by considering a constant ratio between the two fluids and then track the corresponding analytical results using observational data from the baryon acoustic oscillation measurements, Type Ia supernovae measurements and the local Hubble constant measurements. From this general setting we introduce three different models and nine different interaction function. Our final aim is to set up a comparative analysis of the various class of models under the different interaction function using common theoretical and numerical analysis.
Absorption characteristics of diffracted X-ray radiation in a quartz crystal at an external temperature gradient
Authors: Margaryan V. , Noreyan S. , Mesropyan M. , Trouni K. , Aghabekyan V. , Mirzoyan R. , Kocharyan V. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this work the dependence of the anomalous absorption of X-rays on the crystal thickness and temperature gradient value was studied. The refracted and reflected beams intensities, as well as their sum intensities were measured for crystal thicknesses in the range of 0.3–4.5 mm. Significant increase in the sum intensity of the refracted and reflected beams is observed in presence of temperature gradient. It is shown that the anomalous absorption in the crystal in presence of the temperature gradient is decreased and this effect is stronger expressed in thick crystals.
Characterization of the chemical and structural modifications induced by X rays on the HEMA based polymer gel
Authors: Alkan Türkan , Seki Yoldaş , Yurt Ayşegül 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The use of polymer gels in the radiation dosimetry field is rapidly increasing due to the possibility of 3 dimensional (3D) dosimetry. The aim of this study is to produce a new polymer gel with high dose sensitivity. This involved the production of polymer gel compositions containing different percentages of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) monomer and Di(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (DEGDMA) and 1-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone (VP) crosslinkers and these gels were irradiated with radiation dose between 0.5 Gy to 11 Gy, using 6 MV X-ray energy of the medical linear accelerator. The degree of polymerization was assessed by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) based on the R2-dose response. Then, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images of the gels were taken. Polymer gels consisting of DEGDMA as crosslinker and Tetrakis (Hydroxymethyl) phosphonium chloride (THPC) as antioxidant were found to have a potential for use in radiation therapy dosimeter. The concentration of HEMA showing the most effective dose response was identified as 12 wt%. It was found that HEMA polymer gels containing DEGDMA crosslinker provide a better dose response than HEMA and HEMA-VP normoxic polymer gels.
Polyethyleneimine surface-modified silver-selenium nanocomposites for anti-infective treatment of wounds by disrupting biofilms
Authors: Li Yuanyuan , Yang Qinping , Zhou Ruiwen , Wang Xinyu , Raziq Khadija , Tang Min , Wang Zekun , Sun Dongdong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Bacterial biofilm formation is associated with the pathogenicity of pathogens and poses a serious threat to human health and clinical therapy. Complex biofilm structures provide physical barriers that inhibit antibiotic penetration and inactivate antibiotics via enzymatic breakdown. The development of biofilm-disrupting nanoparticles offers a promising strategy for combating biofilm infections. Hence, polyethyleneimine surface-modified silver-selenium nanocomposites, Ag@Se@PEI (ASP NCs), were designed for synergistic antibacterial effects by destroying bacterial biofilms to promote wound healing. The results of in vitro antimicrobial experiments showed that, ASP NCs achieved efficient antibacterial effects against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) by disrupting the formation of the bacterial biofilm, stimulating the outbreak of reactive oxygen species and destroying the integrity of bacterial cell membranes. The in-vivo bacterial infection in mice model showed that, ASP NCs further promoted wound healing and new tissue formation by reducing inflammatory factors and promoting collagen fiber formation which efficiently enhanced the antibacterial effect. Overall, ASP NCs possess low toxicity and minimal side effects, coupled with biocompatibility and efficient antibacterial properties. By disrupting biofilms and bacterial cell membranes, ASP NCs reduced inflammatory responses and accelerated the healing of infected wounds. This nanocomposite-based study offers new insights into antibacterial therapeutic strategies as potential alternatives to antibiotics for wound healing.
Cross-watershed leakage of agricultural nutrient runoff
Authors: Akinyemi Taiwo , Elbakidze Levan , Xu Yuelu , Gassman Philip W , Yen Haw , Arnold Jeffrey G 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Agricultural nutrient runoff has been a major contributor to hypoxia in many downstream coastal ecosystems. Although programs have been designed to reduce nutrient loading in individual coastal waters, cross watershed interdependencies of nutrient runoff have not been quantified due to a lack of suitable modeling tools. Cross-watershed pollution leakage can occur when nutrient runoff moves from more to less regulated regions. We illustrate the use of an integrated assessment model IAM that combines economic and process-based biophysical tools to quantify Nitrogen loading leakage across three major US watersheds. We also assess losses in consumer and producer surplus from decreased commodity supply and higher prices when nutrient delivery to select coastal ecosystems is restricted. Reducing agricultural N loading in the Gulf of Mexico by 45% (a) increases loading in the Chesapeake Bay and Western Lake Erie by 4.2% and 5.5%, respectively, and (b) results in annual surplus losses of $7.1 and $6.95 billion with and without restrictions on leakage to the Chesapeake Bay and Lake Erie, respectively.
The snow cover is more important than other climatic variables on the prediction of vegetation dynamics in the Pyrenees (1981–2014)
Authors: Alonso-González Esteban , Ilzarbe-Senosiain Itsaso , Lopez-Moreno Juan Ignacio , Lucas-Borja Manuel Esteban , Vicente-Serrano Sergio M , Beguería Santiago , Gascoin Simon 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The dynamics of the mountain vegetation is governed by multiple climatic drivers including temperature, precipitation, radiation and snow cover variability. However, in the Mediterranean environment, little is known about the relative importance of each variable. In this study we assess how different snowpack indices (the maximum annual accumulation, the length of the snow season, and the melt-out date) and key climate variables (precipitation, temperature and shortwave solar radiation) control the interannual variability of the maximum Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (peak NDVI) in the Pyrenees. We use a 33 year long remote sensing dataset (1981–2014) to build a statistical model relating the annual peak NDVI with snow and climate variables. In elevated areas characterized by a well developed seasonal snowpack the melt-out date was the most important climatic variable for predicting the annual peak NDVI. However, at lower elevations where snow presence is ephemeral, shortwave solar radiation was the most important variable. This change in the relative importance of climatic variables occurs around 1300 m a.s.l. The results do not show a significant contribution of maximum snow accumulation, suggesting that indicators of snow presence (i.e. melt-out date or snow season duration), which are significantly easier to obtain than snow mass indicators from remote sensing, could be used to model the influence of the snowpack on peak NDVI at regional scale.