bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transition probabilities for dental caries in a school-based prevention program: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Ruff Ryan Richard 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundSchool-based caries prevention using silver diamine fluoride (SDF) has been shown to effectively prevent and control dental caries. To better inform program design and implementation, this paper estimated transition probabilities for dental caries in a school SDF program.MethodsThe CariedAway project was a pragmatic, cluster-randomized trial of school-based caries prevention interventions conducted in predominately low-income minority children. For children in CariedAway receiving SDF, transition probabilities were computed between sound, carious, and arrested states for 6-year molars using multistate Markov models. Subject-level transition probabilities over one- and two-year periods were then calculated by aggregating states of all 6-year molars and first and second bicuspids.ResultsA total of 7418 children were enrolled in CariedAway, of which 1352 met inclusion criteria for this study. Of eligible participants, the baseline prevalence of untreated decay was 29% and the prevalence of dental sealants was 8%. The probability of transitioning between sound and carious states in 6-year molars ranged from 0.0022 to 0.0074. At the subject-level, the sound to carious transition probabilities were 0.07 and 0.12 after one and two years, respectively. Once in a fully arrested state, the probability of remaining arrested was 0.72 and 0.60 after one and two years.ConclusionsThe overall probabilities of teeth remaining in diseased-free or arrested states was high after receiving silver diamine fluoride, although multiple applications might be needed for consistent caries arrest.
Testing effectiveness and implementation of a standardized approach to sexual dysfunction screening among adolescent and young adult-aged survivors of childhood cancer: A type I hybrid, mixed methods trial protocol
Authors: Demedis Jenna , Reedy Julia , Miller Kristen , Hu Junxiao , Klosky James L. , Holliman Brooke Dorsey , Peterson Pamela N. , Chow Eric J. , Studts Christina 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundApproximately 20-50% of adolescent and young adult-aged childhood cancer survivors (AYA-CCS) experience sexual dysfunction (SD), although this healthcare need is widely underrecognized. Previous research from both AYA-CCS patients and their providers report that SD needs are unaddressed despite patient desires for SD discussions to be incorporated as part of their care. Patients and providers agree that standardized use of a patient-reported outcome measure may facilitate SD discussions; an SD screening approach was developed with patient and provider input. This study will measure the effectiveness of a standardized SD screening intervention and assess implementation outcomes and multilevel barriers and facilitators to guide future research.MethodsThis multi-site, mixed methods, type 1 effectiveness-implementation hybrid trial will be evaluated using a pre-post design (NCT05524610). The trial will enroll 86 AYA-CCS (ages 15-39) from two cancer centers in the United States. The SD intervention consists of core fundamental functions with a “menu” of intervention options to allow for flexibility in delivery and tailoring in variable contexts. Effectiveness of the intervention on facilitating SD communication will be measured through patient surveys and clinical data; multivariable logistic regression will be used for the binary outcome of self-reported SD screening, controlling for patient-level predictors. Implementation outcomes will be assessed using mixed methods (electronic health record abstraction, patient and provider surveys, and provider interviews. Quantitative and qualitative findings will be merged using a joint display to understand factors affecting intervention success.ImplicationsIdentification and treatment of SD in AYA-CCS is an important and challenging quality of life concern. The type 1 hybrid design will facilitate rapid translation from research to practice by testing the effects of the intervention while simultaneously identifying multilevel barriers and facilitators to real-world implementation. This approach will inform future testing and dissemination of the SD screening intervention.
Oral diadochokinesis, tongue pressure, and lip-seal strength in Japanese workers: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Minoura Akira , Ihara Yoshiaki , Kato Hirotaka , Murakami Kouzou , Watanabe Yoshio , Hirano Kojiro , Ito Yoshinori , Kokaze Akatsuki 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis cross-sectional study investigated the correlation between lip-seal strength, tongue pressure, and oral diadochokinesis (OD) in Japanese workers. The relationships between lip-seal strength, tongue pressure, and OD by age groups were investigated using multiple regression analyses on 496 workers. OD was measured using the number of consecutive “Pa,” “Ta,” and “Ka” vocalizations that could be produced in 5 s. In this study, 478 participants (437 males and 41 females) were included in the analysis after excluding 18 participants who could not complete all oral cavity measurements. This study revealed a significant positive correlation between “Pa,” “Ta,” and “Ka,” with correlation coefficients of 0.500–0.665. Lip-seal strength only significantly correlated positively with “Pa”; however, tongue pressure significantly correlated positively with all of “Pa,” “Ta,” and “Ka” vocalizations. Regarding body mass index (BMI), no significant relationship with either “Pa,” “Ta,” or “Ka” was observed. As a result of aging, “Ta” and “Ka” showed a significant negative correlation with age. Multiple regression analyses, which included age, sex, BMI, alcohol consumption, and smoking, revealed a strong association between “Pa,” “Ta,” and “Ka” and lip-seal strength. However, only “Pa” showed a significant correlation with tongue pressure. Even in young and middle-aged adults, OD may be associated with lip-seal strength and tongue pressure. Measuring OD through dental screening of workers will help prevent the disease across a wide age range.
From Soil to Surface: Exploring the Impact of Green Infrastructure on Microbial Communities in the Built Environment
Authors: Mcgonigal Malin , Ito Kohei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHigh microbial diversity offers extensive benefits to both the environment and human health, contributing to ecosystem stability, nutrient cycling, and pathogen suppression. In built environments, factors such as building design, human activity, and cleaning protocols influence microbial communities. This study investigates the impact of landscape design on microbial diversity and function within the "Visionary Lab" exhibition in Tokyo, Japan, using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and shallow shotgun sequencing. Despite the limited sample size, the study suggests that the Visionary Lab samples may exhibit higher microbial diversity compared to other museum areas. Potential distinct microbial community structures may be correlated with sampling locations. However, despite this, no consistent patterns were observed in virulence factors or antimicrobial resistance genes across the samples. Metabolic function analysis showed varied profiles, suggesting diverse ecological interactions influenced that may be by the curated landscape. This suggest that the curated landscape design may have the potential to enhance microbial diversity, highlighting a possible avenue to create healthier and more sustainable built environments. However, the lack of consistent patterns in virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance genes underscores the complexity of microbial community dynamics.
Rapid evolution of fine-scale recombination during domestication
Authors: Liu Zheng-Xi , Li Ming , Si Si , Chen Jian-Hai , Hu Li-Rong , Peng Min-Sheng , Yin Ting-Ting , Esmailizadeh Ali , Zhang Chang , Qu Lu-Jiang , Lu Xue-Mei , Han Jian-Lin , Zhang Ya-Ping , Wang Ming-Shan 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTRecombination serves as a central force driving the evolution of genomic diversity in sexually reproducing organisms. Despite its fundamental role, the evolutionary dynamics of recombination rates remain largely elusive. The domestication of animals, characterized by dynamic selective pressures, provides a unique lens through which to investigate these phenomena. Here, we constructed a fine-scale recombination map using whole-genome data from domestic chickens, including both contemporary commercial breeds and their wild progenitor, the Red Junglefowl (RJF). Our analysis reveals a rapid evolution of the recombination landscape within and between chicken populations, and we find that the average recombination rate decreased during chicken domestication. Remarkably, this trend is further corroborated by re-analysis of the genomes of several domestic species including ducks, goats, pigs, and sheep. Contrary to the hypothesis that domestication leads to an increase in recombination rates, our results provide no support for such a scenario. We suggest that a low recombination rate is beneficial for maintaining uniform and stable phenotypes in domestic breeds during selective inbreeding. Furthermore, we find significant variation in recombination hotspots across chicken populations, which is particularly pronounced in commercial breeds despite their recent divergence. The rapid turnover of recombination hotspots and coldspots appears to be closely linked to selective sweeps. Interestingly, in contrast to prevailing observations in most species, we find that long-term selective inbreeding results in a negative correlation between recombination rates and the frequency of introgressed ancestry from other RJF subspecies. Our results provide insights into the complex interplay of evolutionary forces shaping the evolution of recombination.
c-di-GMP modulates ribosome assembly by inhibiting rRNA methylation
Authors: Yu Siqi , Hu Zheyao , Xu Xiaoting , Liang Xiaoran , Shen Jiayi , Liu Min , Lin Mingxi , Chen Hong , Marti Jordi , Tao Sheng-ce , Xu Zhaowei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCyclic diguanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP) is a ubiquitous bacterial secondary messenger, with diverse functions, many of which are yet to be uncovered. Stemming from anEscherichia coliproteome microarray, we found that c-di-GMP bound to 23S rRNA methyltransferases (RlmI and RlmE). rRNA methylation assays showed that c-di-GMP inhibits RlmI activity, thereby modulating ribosome assembly. Based on molecular dynamic simulation and mutagenesis studies, we found that c-di-GMP binds to RlmI at residues R64, R103, G114, and K201. Structural simulation revealed that c-di-GMP quenches RlmI activity by inducing the closure of the catalytic pocket. Furthermore, we revealed that c-di-GMP promotes antibiotic tolerance by regulating RlmI activity, which played a role in antibiotic-resistant strains. Finally, the binding and methylation assays showed that the effect of c-di-GMP on RlmI is conserved, at least in various pathogenic bacteria. This study discovered an unexpected functional role of c-di-GMP in regulating ribosome assembly by inhibiting rRNA methylases. This study identified an unexpected but crucial member among the c-di-GMP effectors.Highlightsc-di-GMP regulates ribosome assembly inEscherichia coli.c-di-GMP inhibits rRNA methylation activity of RlmI by inducing catalytic pocket closure.c-di-GMP promotes antibiotic resistance by regulating ribosome assembly.Graphical Abstract
Poly-unsaturated Fatty Acids fromThamnidium elegansandMortierella alpinaSuppress Prostate Cancer Cells Proliferation and Migration
Authors: Kalampounias Georgios , Dritsas Panagiotis , Karayannis Dimitris , Androutsopoulou Theodosia , Gardeli Chrysavgi , Papanikolaou Seraphim , Aggelis George , Katsoris Panagiotis 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThamnidium elegansandMortierella alpinaare two oleaginous fungi that belong to Mucoromycota that synthesize polyunsaturated fatty acids which are credited with multiple health benefits and possible anticancer properties. These fungi were cultivated on culture media with glucose or glycerol as a carbon source. After extracting the lipids, we transformed them into fatty acid lithium salts (FALS), which are water-soluble and absorbable mammalian cells, including DU-145 and PC-3 cancer cells. The two cell lines, both long-established prostate cancer models, were treated with FALS and indicated increased susceptibility to the lipid derivatives. The viability and proliferation rates were significantly reduced, as well as their migratory capabilities, which were significantly impaired compared to olive-oil-derived FALS, which were used as a control substance. We conclude that the FALS derivatives of microbial lipids from these organisms exhibit anticancer effects by suppressing the proliferation and migration of human prostate cancer cell lines.
Immigrant birds learn from socially observed differences in payoffs when their environment changes
Authors: Chimento Michael , Alarcón-Nieto Gustavo , Aplin Lucy M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLongstanding theory predicts that strategic flexibility in when and how to use social information can help individuals make adaptive decisions, especially when environments are temporally or spatially variable. A short-term increase in reliance on social information under these conditions has been experimentally shown in primates, including humans, but whether this occurs in other taxa is unknown. We asked whether migration between spatially variable environments affected social information use with a large-scale cultural diffusion experiment with wild great tits (Parus major) in captivity, a small passerine bird that can socially learn novel behaviors. We simulated an immigration event where knowledgeable birds were exchanged between groups with opposing preferences for a socially learned foraging puzzle, living in similar or different environments. We found evidence that both immigrants and residents were influenced by social information and attended to the rewards that others received. Our analysis supported the use of a payoff-biased social learning by immigrants when both resources and habitat features were spatially variable. In contrast, immigrants relied more-so on individual learning when payoffs or the environment were unchanged. In summary, our results suggest that great tits assess the payoffs others receive, and are more influenced by socially observed differences in payoffs when environmental cues differ in their new environment. Our results provide experimental support for the hypothesis that spatial variability is a strong driver for the evolution of social learning strategies.
Phage genome architecture and GC content: Structural genes and where to find them
Authors: Das Ritam , Rahlff Janina 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBacteriophages, the ubiquitous bacterial viruses, are the most abundant biological entities on Earth. However, information regarding the impact of environmental factors on the genetic makeup of phages is scarce. Based on the analysis of genomes of 45 phage isolates from different ecosystems we demonstrate a significant (p< 0.0001) positive correlation of the number of structural genes and their placement in above-average guanine-cytosine (GC) content of the genome. This feature appears to be more evident in isolates from deep-sea and sea-ice environments compared to desert and Baltic Sea slick, indicating a potential ecosystem-based factor (although insignificant due to low sample size). Additionally, the percentage of structural genes in above-average GC regions was found to be significantly (p= 0.0038) negatively correlated with the genome size of the phages and significantly (p= 0.0266) positively correlated with the overall GC for phage genomes > 50 kb, but not for genomes < 50 kb (p =0.556). We therefore propose a relationship of structural genes and GC content, a property that may influence the adaptation and evolution of phages in various environmental niches.
Phageome transfer from gut to circulation and its regulation by human immunity
Authors: Szymczak Aleksander , Gembara Katarzyna , Ferenc Stanisław , Majewska Joanna , Miernikiewicz Paulina , Harhala Marek , Rybicka Izabela , Strapagiel Dominik , Słomka Marcin , Lach Jakub , Gnus Jan , Stączek Paweł , Witkiewicz Wojciech , Dąbrowska Krystyna 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBacteriophages are a critical part of the human microbiome, especially in the gastrointestinal tract. While phage translocation beyond the gut is known, its regulation within phageomes and interaction with immune responses remain unclear. This study explores the taxonomic structure of the phageome, lymphatic filtration, and phage-specific IgG induction as factors regulating phage translocation from the gut to the bloodstream.Mucosal intestinal biopsies and serum samples from 38 patients were analyzed to determine gut and blood phageome compositions. Phage epitopes targeted by IgGs were identified via immunoprecipitation of a phageome-wide epitope library and high-throughput sequencing. In vivo, phage arrest in lymph nodes was studied using a mouse model.Tequatroviruses and Kayviruses were abundant in the gut mucosa and frequently translocated to blood circulation. However, gut-blood phageome correlation was moderate. Phage-specific IgGs reduced targeted phages in both blood and gut mucus, limiting translocation. Lymphatic tissues also sequestered phages in vivo.We propose that translocation involves multiple steps, beginning with epithelial transcytosis, followed however by filtration in lymphatic tissues, which limits translocation dynamics in vivo. While the gut phageome significantly contributes to circulating phages, other sources also play a role. These findings improve our understanding of phageome functions and their medical applications.
High-energy neutrino deep inelastic scattering cross sections
Authors: Xie Keping , Gao Jun , Hobbs T. J. , Stump Daniel R. , Yuan C.-P. ,   CTEQ-TEA Collaboration
Published: June 2024

We present a state-of-the-art prediction for cross sections of neutrino deep inelastic scattering (DIS) from nucleon at high neutrino energies, Eν, up to 1000 EeV (1012  GeV). Our calculations are based on the latest CT18 NNLO parton distribution functions (PDFs) and their associated uncertainties. To make predictions for the highest energies, we extrapolate the PDFs to small x according to several procedures and assumptions, thus affecting the uncertainties at ultrahigh Eν; we quantify the uncertainties corresponding to these choices. Similarly, we quantify the uncertainties introduced by the nuclear corrections that are required to evaluate neutrino-nuclear cross sections for the neutrino observatories. These results can be applied to currently running astrophysical neutrino observatories, such as IceCube and KM3NeT, as well as various future experiments that have been proposed.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Does humane leadership influence customer service orientation of financial institutions? The moderating effect of job satisfaction of casual employees
Authors: Dzogbenuku Robert Kwame , Sokro Evans , Dartey-Baah Kwasi 
Published: June 2024

PurposeThis study seeks to assess how a humane leadership style affects customer service orientation among casual employees of financial service institutions in Ghana. Using job satisfaction as a moderator, this study predicts that a humane leadership style influences casual employees’ customer service orientation.Design/methodology/approachSurvey data were obtained from 328 frontline casual employees of financial service firms. The structural equation modelling technique of partial least squares was used to test the hypothesised relationships.FindingsThe study found that a humane leadership style positively and significantly drives customer service behaviour. Job satisfaction also had a positive effect on customer service orientation among casual employees.Originality/valueThe study appears to be the first of its kind to explore the moderating role of job satisfaction in the connection between humane leadership and customer service orientation from the perspective of casual employees. The study highlights insightful practical implications for corporate managers, HR practitioners and marketing academics.
A comparative analysis of consumer credit risk models in Peer-to-Peer Lending
Authors: Trinh Lua Thi 
Published: June 2024

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to compare nine different models to evaluate consumer credit risk, which are the following: Logistic Regression (LR), Naive Bayes (NB), Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), k-Nearest Neighbor (k-NN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Classification and Regression Tree (CART), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Random Forest (RF) and Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (GBDT) in Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Lending.Design/methodology/approachThe author uses data from P2P Lending Club (LC) to assess the efficiency of a variety of classification models across different economic scenarios and to compare the ranking results of credit risk models in P2P lending through three families of evaluation metrics.FindingsThe results from this research indicate that the risk classification models in the 2013–2019 economic period show greater measurement efficiency than for the difficult 2007–2012 period. Besides, the results of ranking models for predicting default risk show that GBDT is the best model for most of the metrics or metric families included in the study. The findings of this study also support the results of Tsai et al. (2014) and Teplý and Polena (2019) that LR, ANN and LDA models classify loan applications quite stably and accurately, while CART, k-NN and NB show the worst performance when predicting borrower default risk on P2P loan data.Originality/valueThe main contributions of the research to the empirical literature review include: comparing nine prediction models of consumer loan application risk through statistical and machine learning algorithms evaluated by the performance measures according to three separate families of metrics (threshold, ranking and probabilistic metrics) that are consistent with the existing data characteristics of the LC lending platform through two periods of reviewing the current economic situation and platform development.
Complements or substitutes? A Meta-analysis of the role of social capital for individual knowledge transfer
Authors: Huang Yaqi , Wang Changfeng , Sun Rui , Chen Lei , Lin Zhenzhen 
Published: June 2024

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the effects of different dimensions of social capital on individual knowledge transfer to nurture the organization’s intellectual capital, as well as the interactions among these dimensions and explore the potential moderators.Design/methodology/approachThis study conducted a meta-analysis with 108 independent empirical studies to examine the different dimensions of social capital–knowledge transfer relationships and the effects of moderators and used meta-analytic structural equation modeling (MASEM) to test the internal relationships among social capital dimensions.FindingsThe results show that structural, relational and cognitive social capitals are all positively related to knowledge transfer. In addition, different dimensions of social capital act as complements to one another. Further examinations reveal that the level of economic development has no significant moderating effect on the relationship between social capital and knowledge transfer. Then, the cultural context and profit climate characteristics moderate the relationship between social capital and knowledge transfer.Originality/valueLeveraging the trilogy of signaling, learning and spillover effects, this meta-analytic study quantitatively integrates the relationships between different dimensions of social capital and knowledge transfer. It reconciles the present disparate findings, demonstrates the validity of different dimensional social capital interactions and obtains highly generalized conclusions. This study also introduces a dichotomy, saturation versus reinforcement, to explain the mixed results, which enriches social capital theory.