bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical challenges of adoption: Views from Montreal and Tel Aviv
Authors: St‐André Martin , Keren Miri 
Published: November 2011

AbstractAdoption is accompanied by well‐known risk factors that contribute to unique clinical challenges for children, parents, and clinicians. Adoption also serves to illustrate issues that remain relatively “silent” in the typical transition to parenthood. In this article, the authors review the normal developmental challenges that parents face during adoption, the adoption‐related risk factors that may impinge on the child's development and attachment process, and the impact of adoption on the child's development of identity and filiations. We will review and illustrate clinical conditions often associated with adoption. In many countries, adoptive parents are reluctant to consult mental health clinicians during the first year of the adoption. The cases presented here illustrates the need to implement routine clinical programs for early detection and intervention of adoptive parent–infant dyads and triads at risk.
Contribution of individual PKC isoforms to breast cancer progression
Authors: Urtreger Alejandro J. , Kazanietz Marcelo G. , Bal de Kier Joffé Elisa D. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe protein kinase C (PKC) family of serine/threonine kinases has been intensively studied in cancer since their discovery as major receptors for the tumor‐promoting phorbol esters. The contribution of each individual PKC isozyme to malignant transformation is only partially understood, but it is clear that each PKC plays different role in cancer progression. PKC deregulation is a common phenomenon observed in breast cancer, and PKC expression and localization are usually dynamically regulated during mammary gland differentiation and involution. In fact, the overexpression of several PKCs has been reported in malignant human breast tissue and breast cancer cell lines. In this review, we summarize the knowledge available on the specific roles of PKC isoforms in the development, progression, and metastatic dissemination of mammary cancer. We also discuss the role of PKC isoforms as therapeutic targets, and their potential as markers for prognosis or treatment response. © 2011 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 2011.
Toxicokinetic study of melamine in the presence and absence of cyanuric acid in rats
Authors: Pang Jing , Li Guo‐Qing , Li Cong‐Ran , Yang Xin‐Yi , Lu Xi , Hu Xin‐Xin , Zhai Qian‐Qian , Zhang Wei‐Xin , Jiang Jian‐Dong , You Xue‐Fu 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACTSeveral lines of evidence show that the nephrotoxic effect of melamine (MEL) in animals is consistent with combined ingestion of MEL and cyanuric acid (CYA). The aim of the present study was to compare the toxicokinetics of MEL in the presence and absence of CYA, and to elucidate the correlation between toxicity and kinetic properties of MEL. Sprague–Dawley rats were administered a single oral dose of MEL (100 mg kg−1) with or without CYA (100 mg kg−1). Plasma and tissue samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometric (LC–MS/MS) assay. Significant changes in toxicokinetic parameters of MEL such as lower maximum concentration (7.4 ± 3.5 vs 78.0 ± 11.0 µg ml−1) and area under curve (94.9 ± 53.5 vs 295.1 ± 93.7 µg h ml−1), higher plasma elimination half‐life (7.0 ± 3.3 vs 2.5 ± 0.3 h) and volume of distribution (11 505.5 ± 5030.3 vs 1312.7 ± 337.7 ml kg−1), as well as significantly higher concentration of MEL in rat kidney (2.96–274.15 vs < 1 µg g−1) were detected in the CYA co‐administration group when compared with MEL alone group (P < 0.05). The differences in kinetic parameters between the two groups meant that CYA co‐administration could lower absorption, slow excretion and induce tissue accumulation of MEL, which correlated well with the generation and development of renal toxicity. In conclusion, co‐administration with CYA leads to the alteration of the kinetic characteristics of MEL, which provides an additional explanation for renal toxicity. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hypothesis Prolactin is tumorigenic to human breast: dispelling the myth that prolactin‐induced mammary tumors are rodent‐specific
Authors: Harvey Philip W. 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACTThe commonly held assumption that rodent mammary tumors resulting from elevated prolactin are species‐specific, or not biologically relevant to humans, is incorrect. Substantial epidemiological, clinical, and biological evidence now exists confirming the role of prolactin in human breast cancer. This evidence is evaluated and the argument presented that the tumorigenic risk from prolactin is therefore not species‐specific to rodents but directly applies to humans. Further, as the mechanisms of prolactin‐induced mammary tumor promotion and development appear analogous between rodents and humans, mammary tumorigenic findings in rodent carcinogenicity bioassays are both predictive and biologically relevant to the human response. Toxicologists and regulators need to consider this in carcinogenicity risk assessments. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis of the effects of HIV‐1 Tat on the survival and differentiation of vessel wall‐derived mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Gibellini Davide , Miserocchi Anna , Tazzari Pier Luigi , Ricci Francesca , Clò Alberto , Morini Silvia , Ponti Cristina , Pasquinelli Gianandrea , Bon Isabella , Pagliaro Pasqualepaolo , Borderi Marco , Re Maria Carla 
Published: November 2011

AbstractHIV infection is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis development and cardiovascular damage. As vessel wall mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are involved in the regulation of vessel structure homeostasis, we investigated the role of Tat, a key factor in HIV replication and pathogenesis, in MSC survival and differentiation. The survival of subconfluent MSCs was impaired when Tat was added at high concentrations (200–1,000 ng/ml), whereas lower Tat concentrations (1–100 ng/ml) did not promote apoptosis. Tat enhanced the differentiation of MSC toward adipogenesis by the transcription and activity upregulation of PPARγ. This Tat‐related modulation of adipogenesis was tackled by treatment with antagonists of Tat‐specific receptors such as SU5416 and RGD Fc. In contrast, Tat inhibited the differentiation of MSCs to endothelial cells by downregulating the expression of VEGF‐induced endothelial markers such as Flt‐1, KDR, and vWF. The treatment of MSCs with Tat‐derived peptides corresponding to the cysteine‐rich, basic, and RGD domains indicated that these Tat regions are involved in the inhibition of endothelial marker expression. The Tat‐related impairment of MSC survival and differentiation might play an important role in vessel damage and formation of the atherosclerotic lesions observed in HIV‐infected patients. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 1132–1141, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
RGD peptide‐modified adenovirus expressing hepatocyte growth factor and X‐linked inhibitor of apoptosis improves islet transplantation
Authors: Wu Hao , Yoon A.‐Rum , Li Feng , Yun Chae‐Ok , Mahato Ram I. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBackgroundIslet transplantation has the potential for treating type I diabetes; however, its widespread clinical application is limited by the massive apoptotic cell death and poor revascularization of transplanted islet grafts.MethodsWe constructed a surface‐modified adenoviral vector with RGD (Arg‐Gly‐Asp) sequences encoding human X‐linked inhibitor of apoptosis and hepatocyte growth factor (RGD‐Adv‐hHGF‐hXIAP). In vitro transgene expression in human islets was determined by enzyme‐liniked immunosorbent assay. RGD‐Adv‐hHGF‐hXIAP‐transduced human islets were transplanted under the kidney capsule of streptozotocin‐induced diabetic NOD/SCID mice. The blood glucose levels of mice were measured weekly. The kidneys bearing islets were isolated at the end of the experiment and subjected to immunofluorescence staining.ResultsThe transduction efficiency on human islets was significantly improved using RGD‐modified adenovirus. HGF and XIAP gene expressions were dose‐dependent after viral transduction. When exposed to a cocktail of inflammatory cytokines, RGD‐Adv‐hHGF‐hXIAP‐transduced human islets showed decreased caspase 3 activity and reduced apoptotic cell death. Prolonged normoglycemic control could be achieved by transplanting RGD‐Adv‐hHGF‐hXIAP‐transduced human islets. Immunofluorescence staining of kidney sections bearing RGD‐Adv‐hHGF‐hXIAP‐transduced islets was positive for insulin and von Willebrand factor (vWF) at 200 days after transplantation.ConclusionsThese results indicated that ex vivo transduction of islets with RGD‐Adv‐hHGF‐hXIAP decreased apoptotic islet cell death and improved islet revascularization, and eventually might improve the outcome of human islet transplantation. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
MR perfusion imaging using the arterial spin labeling technique for breast cancer
Authors: Kawashima Miho , Katada Yoshiaki , Shukuya Toshiro , Kojima Makoto , Nozaki Miwako 
Published: November 2011

AbstractPurpose:To investigate the feasibility of perfusion imaging using an arterial spin labeling (ASL) technique for breast cancer.Materials and Methods:Thirteen female patients with primary breast cancers were included in this study. All examinations were performed on 1.5 Tesla MRI systems. Visual evaluations of the colored perfusion map and MRI perfusion values were assessed. MRI and computed tomography (CT) perfusion values were compared.Results:Thirteen of 14 tumor lesions could be visualized on the colored perfusion map. CT perfusion examinations were performed in eight breasts, and the relationship between the blood flow values of CT perfusion and of MR perfusion showed a significant correlation.Conclusion:Nonenhanced MR imaging by an ASL technique is valid for depicting breast cancer, and the MR perfusion value is thought to be helpful for quantitative diagnosis of breast cancer. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012;436‐440. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Induction of protective immunity in a syrian hamster model against a cytopathogenic strain of andes virus
Authors: Martinez Valeria Paula , Padula Paula Julieta 
Published: November 2011

AbstractAndes virus (ANDV) is responsible for the Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome cases in Argentina and neighboring countries, with moderate to high case‐fatality rates. ANDV has some particular features, which make it unique among other members of the Hantavirus genus such as person‐to‐person transmission and causing a disease similar to Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome in the hamster as an animal model. The kinetics of replication in Vero E6 cells of an ANDV strain isolated in Argentina, called Andes/ARG, was studied. Cytopathic effect and the formation of clear plaques were observed and therefore Andes/ARG could be quantified by classic plaque assay. The Andes/ARG strain was found to be highly lethal in Syrian hamsters allowing experiments to demonstrate the protective potential of vaccines. A recombinant nucleocapsid protein of ANDV induced a long lasting antibody response and protective immunity against a homologous challenge, but to a lower extent against heterologous challenge by the Seoul virus. J. Med. Virol. 84:87–95, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Evaluation of a hydrogel based breast biopsy marker (HydroMARK®) as an alternative to wire and radioactive seed localization for non‐palpable breast lesions
Authors: Klein Rebecca L. , Mook Julie A. , Euhus David M. , Rao Roshni , Wynn Ralph T. , Eastman Amy B. , Leitch A. Marilyn 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesHydroMARK® is a newly available biopsy marker for image‐guided needle biopsies of non‐palpable breast lesions. Objective was to determine if the marker could be utilized independently for lesion localization using intra‐operative ultrasound alone.MethodsA single institution retrospective review identified patients who underwent surgical excision of breast lesions after placement of the HydroMARK®. Endpoints included intra‐operative visualization of the marker, successful excision of the lesion, and presence of the marker on specimen radiograph.ResultsThe study included 31 lesions in 25 patients. Twenty‐nine (93.6%) HydroMARKSs® were adequately visualized by intra‐operative ultrasound. Intra‐operative ultrasound without pre‐operative placement of a localizing device was successful for localization in six cases (19.4%). Intra‐operative difficulties were encountered in 16 of 31 (51.6%) procedures. This included either extrusion of the marker when the biopsy tract was transected in 14 (45.2%) cases or migration of the marker prior to the procedure in two (6.4%) cases. The marker was visualized on specimen radiograph in 15 (48.4%) cases.ConclusionsWhile intraoperative sonographic visibility was excellent, a large number of excisions were associated with extrusion of the marker. Modifications are needed to improve acceptability of this marker for intra‐operative localization independent of pre‐operative wire or seed localization. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 105:591–594. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Star‐Shaped Poly((9‐carbazolyl)methylthiirane): A New Polymer for Optoelectronic Applications
Authors: Swinarew Andrzej , Piekarnik Beata , Grobelny Zbigniew , Stolarzewicz Andrzej , Simokaitienė Jurate , Andrikaityte Egle , Gražulevičius Juozas V. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractSummary: The polymerization of (9‐carbazolyl)methylthiirane in the presence of cyclic oligo(potassium glycidoxide) as the macroinitiator activated 18‐crown‐6 leads to polythioether with the molecular masses relatively near to the calculated ones. This polythioether dispersed in a commercially available transparent polymer gives a new blue photoluminescent material.
Rate of change in early Huntington's disease: A clinicometric analysis
Authors: Meyer Christina , Landwehrmeyer Bernhard , Schwenke Carsten , Doble Adam , Orth Michael , Ludolph Albert C. ,   on behalf of the EHDI Study Group
Published: November 2011

AbstractSensitive outcome measures for patients with Huntington's disease (HD) are required for future clinical trials. Longitudinal data were collected from a 3‐year study of 379 patients suffering from early HD who were not treated by antipsychotics. Progression of UHDRS item scores was evaluated by linear regression and slope, whereas correlation coefficient, standard error, and P values were estimated on the basis of the data of eight evaluations from screening to study end (36 months). For the functional assessment dimension, the proportion of “no” responses at baseline and at study end was determined. Linear progression was observed for the motor score and for all three functional measures (i.e., functional assessment score, independence assessment score, and total functional capacity score). In contrast, there was little evidence for progression of the behavioral assessment score over the study period, whereas the cognitive assessment score was intermediate. Twenty‐two motor‐score items showed linear progression, with a slope of >0.003. These included all chorea items, finger tapping and pronation/supination (left and right), gait, tongue protrusion, and tandem walking. Different symptom domains and individual items evolved at different rates in this group of patients suffering from early HD. It may be possible to select sensitive items to create a simplified version of the UHDRS, which would be more efficient and more sensitive for the assessment of disease progression in clinical trials and natural history studies. © 2011 Movement Disorder Society
Project VALOR: design and methods of a longitudinal registry of post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in combat‐exposed Veterans in the Afghanistan and Iraqi military theaters of operations
Authors: Rosen Raymond C. , Marx Brian P. , Maserejian Nancy N. , Holowka Darren W. , Gates Margaret A. , Sleeper Lynn A. , Vasterling Jennifer J. , Kang Han K. , Keane Terence M. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractFew studies have investigated the natural history of post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Project VALOR (Veterans' After‐discharge Longitudinal Registry) was designed as a longitudinal patient registry assessing the course of combat‐related PTSD among 1600 male and female Veterans who served in Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) in Afghanistan or Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF). Aims of the study include investigating patterns and predictors of progression or remission of PTSD and treatment utilization. The study design was based on recommendations from the Agency for Healthcare Quality and Research for longitudinal disease registries and used a pre‐specified theoretical model to select the measurement domains for data collection and interpretation of forthcoming results. The registry will include 1200 male and female Veterans with a recent diagnosis of PTSD in the Department of Veteran Affairs (VA) electronic medical record and a comparison group of 400 Veterans without a medical record‐based PTSD diagnosis, to also allow for case‐control analyses. Data are collected from administrative databases, electronic medical records, a self‐administered questionnaire, and a semi‐structured diagnostic telephone interview. Project VALOR is a unique and timely registry study that will evaluate the clinical course of PTSD, psychosocial correlates, and health outcomes in a carefully selected cohort of returning OEF/OIF Veterans. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
TLC Bioautographic Method for Detecting Lipase Inhibitors
Authors: Hassan Abdel Moniem Sadek 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACTIntroductionBioautographic assays using TLC play an important role in the search for active compounds from plants. A TLC bioautographic assay has previously been established for the detection of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors but not for lipases.ObjectiveDevelopment of a TLC bioautographic method for detecting lipase inhibitors in plant extracts.MethodologyAfter migration of the plant extracts, the TLC plate was sprayed with α‐naphtyl acetate and enzyme solutions before incubation at 37°C for 20 min. Finally, the solution of Fast Blue B salt was sprayed onto the TLC plate giving a purple background colouration.ResultsLipase inhibitors were visualised as white spots on the TLC plates. Orlistat (a known lipase inhibitor) inhibited lipase down to 0.01 µg. Methanolic extracts of Camellia sinensis (L.) kuntz and Rosmarinus officinalis L after migration on TLC gave enzymatic inhibition when applied in amounts of 82 and 56 µg, respectively. On the other hand the methanolic extract of Morus alba leaves did not exhibit any lipase inhibitory activity.ConclusionThe screening test was able to detect lipase inhibition by pure reference substances and by compounds present in complex matrices, such as plant extracts. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Growth of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin films by a novel single‐stage route based on pulsed electron deposition
Authors: Rampino S. , Bissoli F. , Gilioli E. , Pattini F. 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACTWe report a novel route for growing Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) thin films, based upon the Pulsed Electron Deposition (PED) technique. Unlike other well‐known deposition techniques, PED process allows the stoichiometric deposition of CIGS layers in a single stage, without requiring any further treatments for Cu/(In + Ga) ratio adjustment nor selenization. The structural properties of polycrystalline CIGS films strongly depend on the growth temperature, whereas post‐deposition annealing enhances the grain size and the <112> out‐of‐plane preferred orientation of the chalcopyrite structure, without affecting the film composition. Preliminary measurements of the performances of solar cells based on these films confirm the great potentiality of PED‐grown CIGS as absorber layers. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Proper calibration of ultrasonic power enabled the quantitative analysis of the ultrasonication‐induced amyloid formation process
Authors: Yamaguchi Kei‐ichi , Matsumoto Tomoharu , Kuwata Kazuo 
Published: November 2011

AbstractTo elucidate the mechanisms of ultrasonication on the amyloid fibril formation, we quantitatively determined the ultrasonic power using both calorimetry and potassium iodide (KI) oxidation, and under the properly calibrated ultrasonic power, we investigated the ultasonication‐induced amyloid formation process of the mouse prion protein (mPrP(23–231)). These methods revealed that the ultrasonic power in our system ranged from 0.3 to 2.7 W but entirely dependent on the positions of the ultrasonic stage. Intriguingly, the nucleation time of the amyloid fibrils was found to be shortened almost proportionally to the ultrasonic power, indicating that the probability of the occurrence of nucleus formation increases proportionally to the ultrasonic power. Moreover, mPrP(23–231) formed two types of aggregates: rigid fibrils and short fibrils with disordered aggregates, depending on the ultrasonic power. The nucleation of rigid fibrils required an ultrasonic power larger than 1.5 W. While at the strong ultrasonic power larger than 2.6 W, amyloid fibrils were formed early, but simultaneously fine fragmentation of fibrils occurred. Thus, an ultrasonic power of approximately 2.0 W would be suitable for the formation of rigid mPrP(23–231) fibrils under the conditions utilized (ultrasonication applied for 30 s every 9 min). As ultrasonication has been widely used to amplify the scrapie form of the prion protein, or other amyloids in vitro, the calorimetry and KI oxidation methods proposed here might help determining the adequate ultrasonic powers necessary to amplify them efficiently.
Triplet exciton transfer mechanism between phosphorescent organic dye molecules
Authors: Steinbacher Frank S. , Krause Ralf , Hunze Arvid , Winnacker Albrecht 
Published: November 2011

AbstractWe fabricate simple, solution processed layers containing two kinds of phosphorescent, organic dyes in a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) matrix. After optical excitation, the close proximity of the emitter molecules with different triplet energies T1 causes a transfer of excitons from the more highly excited dye to the lower one. Optical characterization by photoluminescence (PL) and time resolved PL (TRPL) measurements leads to qualitative and quantitative investigations of the underlying exciton transfer principle. It can be shown that Dexter transfer is not able to describe the experimentally obtained data while an established model for exciton migration between fluorescent molecules, based on Förster theory, presents a consistent picture. Using this model, experimentally obtained values for the characteristic interaction distance R0 agree well with theoretical predictions by basic Förster theory.
Comparative study on nano‐scale III‐V MOSFETs with various channel materials using quantum‐corrected Monte Carlo simulation
Authors: Homma Takahiro , Hasegawa Kei , Watanabe Hisanao , Hara Shinsuke , Fujishiro Hiroki I. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractWe investigate the ability of the nano‐scale III‐V MOSFETs with InGaAs, GaAs or InP channels by using the quantum‐corrected Monte Carlo (MC) simulation. The InGaAs channel shows the largest average electron velocity at the bottleneck, vs, because of the smallest electron effective mass, m * in the Γ valley. However, it is degraded by the electron rebound from the drain through the accumulation in the L valleys, when the gate voltage, Vgs, is highly biased. The electron rebound is more pronounced in the GaAs channel, because of the narrow Γ ‐ L valley separation. Meanwhile, the InP channel shows the smallest vs because of the largest m * in the Γ valley. However, the electron rebound is less pronounced, because of the smaller accumulation in the L valleys. On the other hand, the electron density at the potential bottleneck, nb, is largest in the InP channel, because of the largest gate capacitance owing to the highest density of states, DOS. Eventually, the InP channel shows the largest drain current, Ids (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)