bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neurocognitive Impact of Umbilical Blood Stem Cells on Schizophrenic Patients
Authors: Smulevich A.B. , Dubnitskaja E.B. , Pavlova L.K. , Morosova Y.V. 
Published: March 2009

Objective:To assess the safety and effectiveness of umbilical blood stem cells (UBSC) regarding neurocognition and social cognition in schizophrenic patients.Samples and methods:10 men (33,6±10,6 years old) with episodic type of paranoid schizophrenia in remission with dominating negative symptomatic (F20.04 in ICD-10), who gave the informed consent and received concentrate of 250 millions UBSC intravenously. the control sample (10 patients) meeting the key demographic and disorder criteria received placebo. All patients continued antipsychotic therapy in fixed doses. in the first phase, both samples previously examined against PANSS and MCCB received one injection of UBSC or placebo. in the second phase, ten patients received four injections of UBSC each, one injection every two weeks. the dynamic was rated before each injection and at the 3rd, 5th, 7th, and 12th week after the last injection.Results:The date of the first phase points to a safety of UBSC injections (no serious or severe adverse events registered). the second phase proves the effectiveness of UBSC: the PANSS score drops from 24.5±2.4 to19.2±2.7(р< 0,001)on the negative psychopathology scale, and 41.2±6.8 to 30.82±4.4 on the general psychopathology scale. the neurocognition improved (р< 0,001) in speed of processing (30.6±1.6 to 49.4±1.7), attention (30.6±2.4 to 48.5±3.1), memory (39.7±1.4 to 56.1±1.4), verbal learning (41.3±1.7 to 62±3.2), visual learning (38.6±3.4 to 62.9±2.5), executive functions (35±2.2 to 59.5±2.5). However, the increase in social cognition was statistically nonsignificant (43.6±1.6 to 46.1±2.1).Conclusion:The cognitive impact of UBSC appears to be made via its obvious metabolic (nootropic) and psychostimulant actions.
to be from not to Be
Authors: Tavares J. , Soares E. 
Published: March 2009

From the trema stage defined by Conrad to the unique place that delusional perception occupies in classical psychopathology, the early stages of schizophrenia have always attracted the interest of philosophers and phenomenologists as well as psychopathologists. Pre-delusional state has been understood, since the nineteenth century, as a pervasive disorder affecting cognition, affect, conscioussness or motility. This pathological matrix transports patients to a place where they are not able to relate the significances to the common intersubjective world, and are trapped in self-referential meanings. the mistery that surrounds this experience becomes a challenge to patients, doctors and particularly to their empathic relationship.By presenting a clinical case we wish to illustrate how clinical practice is in fact in a hazardous intersection of different angles of analysis of the reality of human behavior and how phenomenological, empirical and biological approaches intersect explaining psychiatric illness in a hybrid way. Furthermore we wish to review the historical and phenomenological approaches to the early stages of schizophrenia, and confront them with more recent empirical and epidemiological data.
Conformation of Albumin Binding Sites are Disturbed in Schizophrenia
Authors: Uzbekov M. , Gryzunov Y. , Misionzhnik E. , Syrejshchikova T. , Dobretsov G. , Smolina N. , Sokolova T. , Molodetskich A. 
Published: March 2009

Aim:Investigate some properties of albumin binding sites in schizophrenic patients.Methods:Properties of serum albumin binding sites were studied using quenching of fluorescence of probe K-35 (N-carboxyphenylimide of dimethylaminonaphthalic acid) with nitrate anion. Serum samples were collected from 24 schizophrenic patients and 24 healthy volunteers.Results:In the absence of quencher specific probe fluorescence in patients was 1,4 times higher than in controls. Fluorescent quenching constant for probe bound to albumin was 2,5 L/mol in patients versus 4,6 L/mol in volunteers (p< 0,01). Fluorescent fraction assessable to quenching was significantly lower in patients than in volunteers. Fluorescent decay studies on S-60 synchrotron have revealed in patient's albumin the redistribution between long-lived and short-lived molecules of the probe with increase of the latter. There were found decrease of albumin accessible SH-groups in schizophrenic patients as compared with volunteers.Conclusions:In schizophrenic patients conformational state of albumin binding sites is significantly disturbed that can lead to changes in protein-ligand interaction and to damage of main albumin functions (transport and detoxification) and aggravation of endotoxicosis.
Default Mode and Temporal Lobe Networks Activity During a Working Memory Performance in Schizophrenia
Authors: Verébová K. , Horáček J. 
Published: March 2009

Background:Temporal correlations in the blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal oscillations of widely separated brain regions are presumed to reflect intrinsic functional connectivity and have been demonstrated across several distinct networks serving different functions. Impaired connectivity or disturbed integration of neural activity, as seen in brain networks in schizophrenia, might influence the symptoms of the disorder and biologically implicates in temporal and spatial alterations in BOLD signal fluctuations.The objective of this study is to examine the activity of a temporal lobe and default modes during working memory task in schizophrenic patients. These two networks were selected because both have been previously studied.Methods:Patients with schizophrenia and healthy comparison subjects undergo functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanning while performing a verbal working memory “n-back” task. All subjects receive identical training in task performance prior to scanning. Independent component analysis will be used to identify the default mode and temporal lobe component. Spatial and temporal aspects of the networks will be examined in patients versus healthy control subjects.Results:Data collection and statistical evaluation will proceed until October 2008.Conclusions:Identifying specific activation patterns for the temporal lobe and default mode components may contribute to the identification of a trait-related marker for schizophrenia and improve diagnostic sensitivity and specificity.
Treatment of Sleep Disturbance in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Alao A. , Chung C. 
Published: March 2009

Aims:Traumatic brain injury (TBI) affects nearly 1.5 million individuals in the United States each year. During peacetime, over 7,000 Americans with a diagnosis of TBI are admitted to military and veterans hospitals every year; this number increases significantly during combat, during which TBI may comprise up to 20% of survivor casualties. Pain and discomfort relating to injuries are frequent causes of sleep disturbance in TBI patients. Sleep disturbances can manifest as difficulty falling or staying asleep, early morning wakening and non-restorative sleep, and affects up to 30% of individuals with TBI. Because there are few studies on pharmacotherapy for sleep disturbances in TBI, many physicians base their intervention on experience with the general population. in this poster, we will consider the unique features of the patient with TBI and make recommendations for psychoactive medications that are appropriate to treat insomnia in this population.Methodology:A literature review was performed and recommendations for treatment of sleep disturbances in patients with TBI are summarized here based on published findings.Conclusion:Non-pharmacological means should be the first-line treatment for sleep disturbances in patients with TBI. These include sleep hygiene and cognitive behavioral therapy. Physicians and other clinicians should pay attention to the specific sleep complaint, adverse effect profile of the medication as well as the anticipated duration of treatment before deciding upon a sleep agent for patients with TBI.
Melatonin in Treatment of Chronic Sleep Disorders in Adults with Pervasive Development Disorders: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Deriaz N. , Galli-Carminati G. , Bertschy G. 
Published: March 2009

Background:Melatonin may be used to treat sleep disorders in both children and adults with intellectual disability. the evidence for its efficacy, potential adverse effects and drug interactions are reviewed in the context of prescribing to people with intellectual disability.Methods:This study presents the use of melatonin to treat severe circadian sleep-wake disturbances in 6 adults with pervasive developmental disorders. Melatonin was initiated at a daily dose of 3 mg at nocturnal bedtime. If this proved ineffective, the melatonin dose was titrated over the following 4 weeks at increments of 3mg/2weeks up to a maximum of 9 mg, unless it was tolerated. Assessments included the Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) and CGI-Improvement (CGI-I).Results:Melatonin administered in the evening dramatically improved the sleep-wake pattern in all patients. Melatonin appears to be effective in reducing sleep onset latency and is probably effective in improving nocturnal awakenings and total sleep time in adults with pervasive developmental disorders. Its effectiveness remained stable for the 6-months period of administration. Melatonin was well-tolerated in all patients and no side effects were noted during the therapy.Conclusions:Melatonin appears to be promising as an efficient and seemingly safe alternative for treatment of severe circadian sleep disturbances in adults with intellectual disability. There may be heterogeneity of response depending on the nature of the sleep problem and cause of the intellectual disability or associated disabilities. Further studies are necessary before firm conclusions can be drawn and guidelines for the use of melatonin for people with ID formulated.
Over Warming Syndrome in Adults
Authors: Han-You X. 
Published: March 2009

Clinical significance:This article implicates that doctors must know the Over Warming Syndrome in Adults’ harmful effects, its clinical managements, imperative importance to prevent other critical diseases attacks. So that the doctors can do patient and normal people education, counsel about the new syndrome, enhance people's health level and quality of life.Objectives:Name a new kind of syndrome, in order to provide new methods of thinking and behavior for doctors to well diagnose, prevent, and treat the syndrome and other diseases and for doctors to do patient education and counseling.Method:Summarize author of this paper the self-experiences about this syndrome's clinical medicine.Results:The etiology, clinical symptoms, mechanism, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of this new syndrome are easy to understand by the doctors. Which like the symptoms of the dehydration caused by over warming.Conclusions:It is very important to name and understand this new syndrome for enhancing the human-being's health level and quality of life, preventing the human-being from development of other critical diseases. which is much too worth to be spread.
Psychopathology of Traumatic Experience and Cultural Perception of Time
Authors: Bastos C. , Coelho C.L. Maia 
Published: March 2009

Two fundamental aspects of cultural intuitive conceptions of time's passage - cyclic and continuous temporality - are here related to clinical psychopathology of post-traumatic stress in Brazil. People with predominantly cyclical cultural perceptions of time tend to see life and death as part of an eternal movement. Severity and persistence of mental trauma are not directly related to the magnitude of the catastrophe or even of the traumatic experience, but rather to the way they pervade the mind and to the roles they represent on it. Modern culture tends to produce individuals prepared to a highly complex world, running in a frantic rhythm and under constant pressure. Nearly all events must be anticipated, planned or controlled, and obsessive traits tend to be facilitated. However, in catastrophic, unpredictable events, when nothing can be done, these full-schedule people may show frailty and despair.Traditional communities seem capable to bear extremely high levels of aggression or suffering - in traumatic and catastrophic situations - without showing proportional signs of mental stress. While in the high social layers of modern communities an act of violence as an assault or rape may have serious and long lasting consequences, in everyday public hospital practice we come across victims of potentially traumatic events without any of the expected devastating effects on their mental life. Periodic dissociative rituals may have a role in their resilience.
Study of Stress Level Among Medical School Students of Semnan University, Iran
Authors: Bineshian F. , Saberian M. , HajiAghajani S. , Ghorbani R. , Fredonian M. , Bineshian D. , Bineshian M. 
Published: March 2009

Background:The professional education can be stressful experience and medical students are exposed to high levels of stress in both theoretical and clinical components of their educational programme. The high level of stress often leads to disruptions in physiological and psychological health.Objective:The purpose of this study was to study stress in medical school students of Semnan university.Methods:This study was a descriptive and cross-sectional research. The sample were 211 students of general physicians (160) and paramedical (51). 206 students filled in a questionnaire.Data were collected using a stress questionnaire (R.S.Eliot). Then data were analyzed by SPSS and mean, frequency distributions. For this study were used chi-square, spearman and pearson correlation coefficient.Results:The findings showed 9.7% of students under study had high control degree, 82.5% of students had intact life but sometimes stressful situation caused anxiety for them, 6.8% of students feel depress and 1% in their life have mental crisis or conflict.Conclusion:Teaching to students in order to reduce stress level and provide educational improvement in medical students are recommended.
Personality and Stress: Personality Factors that Affect on Emerge of Stress
Authors: Homayouni A. , Aghajanipour H. , Nikpour G.A. , Khanmohammadi A. 
Published: March 2009

Introduction and aim:Studies of relationships between personality dimensions and mental health indicate that people with psychiatric disorders have distinct personality patterns that comprising behavioural, emotional and cognitive patterns in the society(Malouff, 2005 & Widiger,1994). The study aimed to investigate relationship among personality dimensions (introversion-extroversion E/I, intuition- sensing N/S, thinking-feeling T/F, perceiving-judging P/J) based on Jungian personality types and stress in students of university.Method:The studied population included 200 students between ages of 19-23 were randomly selected from four universities center and Hogan-Champagne's Personal Style Inventory (PSI) and Coudron's Stress Inventory (CSI) were administered on them. PSI assesses eight personality dimensions based on Jungian personality types mentioned above. The data were analyzed with Pearson correlation coefficient.Results:Analysis showed positive correlation between introversion and stress and negative correlation between extroversion and stress. Analysis of personality dimensions showed female are more sensing than male and male are more intuition than female.Conclusions:In regard to introverted are quiet, diligent at working alone, and socially reserved make decisions, some what independently constraints and prodding from situation, culture, people, or things around them and so facing to stress factors interrupt their own world and reduce their function. These factors cause to variability in situation and stress com about. The last finding is the students believe themselves beyond they are, and with facing to problems beyond their ability, stress has more effects.
Effect of Add-on “Self Management and Behavior Modification” Education on Severity of Chronic Pulmonary Obstructive Disease
Authors: Kheirabadi G.R. , Keypour M. , Attaran N. , Bagherian R. , Maracy M.R. 
Published: March 2009

Background:COPD is a chronic and plenty disease and one of the important causes of morbidity and mortality in the world with restrict available medical treatments. The objective of this study was to assess whether psycho-educational plans (self management and behavior modification) administered in primary care have beneficial effects on symptoms of patients with COPD.Material and methods:The study was a prospective, unblinded, randomized controlled trial of usual care vs. usual care plus structured education on the use of 8 sessions of “self management and behavior modification” group education: a simple educational package on life style modification and assumption of special behaviors in different situation of disease. The study was conducted in 2 educational hospitals (Khorshid & Alzahra) in Isfahan, Iran. Participants were 40 patients with COPD randomized into control or intervention groups. The primary outcome measure was change in severity of COPD symptoms that measured with Clinical COPD Questionnaire (CCQ). The data were analyzed with spss software and statistic examination called Ancova-Reapted measure and Mancova-Reapted measure.Results:Self management and behavior modification education were associated with significant higher decrease in mean score of CCQ in symptom, functional state and mental state domains but had no effect on change in mean score of CCQ-Total.Conclusions:Mean score of CCQ in symptom, functional state and mental state domains was lower in the intervention group but there was no difference in mean score of CCQ-Total due to “self-management and behavior modification” plans.
Cost of Caring and Burnout in Partnership Relations of Chronic PTSD-veterans’ Spouses
Authors: Klarić M. , Frančiković T. , Klarić B. , Kreić M. , Petrov B. 
Published: March 2009

Context:PTSD-veterans’ spouses often become indirect victims of their partner’s dysfunction, confronting many stressors including relationship crisis, rearrangement of family roles, social isolation and adjustment to clinical course of disease.Objective:Compare levels of caretaker burden and burnout in partnership relations of PTSD and non-PTSD veterans’ spouses, particularly in situation where the spouses have PTSD themselves.Methods:Test group consisted of 154 veterans who are undergoing treatment for war psychotraumatisation caused PTSD at the Clinical hospital Mostar, and their spouses. Control group consisted of 77 war veterans without PTSD, and their spouses. The General demographic questionnaire, Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (HTQ), the Experience of Subjective and Objective Burden and Maslach Burnout Inventory were used in research.Results:PTSP-veterans’ spouses had significantly higher results on al subscales of the caretaker burden questionnaire and partnership relations burnout questionnaire. When both partners have PTSD, the burden of subjective demands and subjective stress, and burnout in partnership are significantly higher in comparison with the couples where only the veteran has PTSD or when partners don't have PTSD. The difference wasn't found in the objective burden when both partners have PTSD in comparison with the case when only the veteran has PTSD.Conclusion:PTSD-veterans’ spouses in comparison with the non-PTSD veterans’ spouses are exposed to more objective burden of life, burden of partner's subjective demands and subjective perception of stress overburden, and their burnout is also higher. The burden of subjective demands, subjective stress and burnout are even more prominent when the spouse has PTSD.
The Connections between Social Functioning and the Quality of Life in the Population of People Who Lost their Job
Authors: Miljatovic A. 
Published: March 2009

Objective:On the scale of negative events that can happen in life,losing a job is high up on it, as a risk factor in the development of different psychiatric diseases. The connection between social functioning and the quality of life with people who lost their job was not explicitly researched.Aims:The aim of this study was to evaluate the connection between social functioning and the quality of life in the population of people who lost their job, with a wide spectrum of psychiatric diseases.Method:Social functioning was appraised using the GRONINGEN SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR QUESTIONNAIRE -100 { GSB -100} and GLOBAL ASSESSMENT OF FUNCTIONING {GAF} scale. The quality of life was measured using WHO QUALITY OF LIFE ASSESSMENT INSTRUMENT (WHOQOL-100).A total of 80 patients aged 40 to 60 who lost their job during the previous year were included in this study.Results:The population of patients who lost their job shows a huge range of problems in the area of social functioning. The number of problems was significantly higher in comparison with the control group of healthy people, but also a little higher in comparison with a group of psychiatric patients who had not lost their job.Almost all GSB -100 scales were in negative interrelation with all QOL aspects, while the score on the GAF scale correlated positively with all QOL aspects.People who lost their job with problems in the aspects of social functioning have a lower score than those without such problems.
Are the Genes of Stress Involved in the Vulnerability to Suicide Attempts and in Related-endophenotypes?
Authors: Courtet P. , Guillame S. , Jaussent I. , Jollant F. , Malafosse A. 
Published: March 2009

Molecular genetic studies have initially focused on genes of the serotonergic system, providing consistent evidence for their implication in the susceptibility to suicidal behaviour. More recent data suggested the existence of interactions with environmental stress factors, and the influence of various polymorphisms on decision making, a potential endophenotype for suicidal behaviour. On the other hand, abnormalities of the HPA axis may represent another trait marker, associated with the occurrence of completed suicide in prospective studies of depressed patients. The demonstration of both interactions between the HPA axis and the serotonin system at the biological level, and the well-known involvement of stress factors in triggering suicidal acts, led researchers to investigate the possibility for stress-related genes to play a role in the vulnerability to suicidal behaviour. We investigated the influence of several stress-related genes, namely CRH receptors, FKBP5, Arginin Vasopressin receptor V1b and NRY on the vulnerability to suicide attempts, performing an association study in a sample of 1650 patients and 420 controls in order to detect an association between suicidal behaviour and these polymorphisms. We further investigated the existence of an effect of the interaction between these genotypes and childhood abuse on the severity index of suicidal behaviour. Last, we proposed to study the influence of stress-related polymorphisms on the cognitive vulnerability factor, decision making.The addition of new data concerning genes that intervene in the stress axis may help researchers to refine the biological pathways of the vulnerability to suicidal behaviour, going beyond the demonstration of genes environment interactions.