bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamical traceback age of the Octans young stellar association
Authors: Galli P. A. B. , Miret-Roig N. , Bouy H. , Olivares J. , Barrado D. 
Published: June 2024

Context. Octans is one of the most distant (d ∼ 150 pc) young stellar associations of the solar neighbourhood, and it has not yet been sufficiently explored. Its age is still poorly constrained in the literature and requires further investigation.
Aims. We take advantage of the state-of-the-art astrometry delivered by the third data release of the Gaia space mission combined with radial velocity measurements obtained from high-resolution spectroscopy to compute the 3D positions and 3D spatial velocities of the stars and derive the dynamical traceback age of the association.
Methods. We created a clean sample of cluster members by removing potential outliers from our initial list of candidate members. We then performed an extensive traceback analysis using different subsamples of stars, different metrics to define the size of the association, and different models for the Galactic potential to integrate the stellar orbits in the past.
Results. We derive a dynamical age of $ 34^{+2}_{-2} $ Myr that is independent from stellar models and represents the most precise age estimate currently available for the Octans association. After correcting the radial velocity of the stars for the effect of gravitational redshift, we obtain a dynamical age of $ 33^{+3}_{-1} $ Myr, which is in very good agreement with our first solution. This shows that the effect of gravitational redshift is small for such a distant young stellar association. Our result is also consistent with the less accurate age estimates obtained in previous studies from lithium depletion (30–40 Myr) and isochrones (20–30 Myr). By integrating the stellar orbits in time, we show that the members of Octans and Octans-Near had different locations in the past, which indicates that the two associations are unrelated despite the close proximity in the sky.
Conclusions. This is the first reliable and precise dynamical age result for the Octans young stellar association. Our results confirm that it is possible to derive precise dynamical ages via the traceback method for ∼30 Myr old stellar clusters at about ∼150 pc with the same precision level that has been achieved in other studies for young stellar groups within 50 pc of the Sun. This represents one more step towards constructing a self-consistent age scale based on the 3D space motion of the stars in the young stellar clusters of the solar neighbourhood.
Dropping ‘truth bombs’? The framing of the Russian invasion of Ukraine in Indian broadcast news
Authors: Ravikumar Madhavi , Downey John 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn a late October 2022 international YouGov public opinion poll, findings indicated that more Indians attributed responsibility for the Russian invasion of Ukraine to ‘the West’ rather than Russia (28% compared to 27%, while 45% indicated both were accountable or expressed uncertainty). This study seeks to elucidate why such perceptions prevail, drawing upon the longstanding strategic partnership between the former Soviet Union and, subsequently, Russia, with India dating back to the 1950s and the portrayal of the Russian invasion within Indian broadcast news media. We argue that the media coverage of the conflict exhibits three main frames: the invasion as an attack by Russia on Ukrainian sovereignty, an anti-West pro-Russia frame, and a perspective aligning with Indian national interests. Both international and domestic proponents of these frames actively seek to shape the narrative presented, with media organizations deciding which frames to prioritize and which political actors to endorse. Consequently, we argue that the news media plays a pivotal role in shaping public perceptions of the conflict, influencing the Indian government's approach toward the war.
Introducing Comparative Death Penalty Database (CDPD)
Authors: Anckar Carsten , Denk Thomas 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe death penalty is a unique form of punishment as it is the most consequential penalty with no options for reversibility. Politically, it is a highly controversial form of punishment, the usage of which varies strongly between and within countries over time. Existing databases on death penalty usage generally cover a time period from the 1950s and onwards. In this article, we introduce a new database that covers the period 1800–2022 for all currently independent countries in the world. We provide a yearly categorization of death penalty status as well as changes of the status. In descriptive analyses, we show how the new data provides a more comprehensive picture of the development of death penalty trends worldwide. The database provides researchers with new opportunities to study the death penalty from a variety of perspectives.
Qhapaq Ñan as World Heritage Site. New Tourist Destinations and Inherited Tensions in Argentina
Authors: Troncoso Claudia A. 
Published: June 2024

Summary
Qhapaq Ñan, or the Andean Road System, was inscribed on UNESCO’s World Heritage List in 2014. This inclusion was the result of a process initiated by six South American countries (Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador, Colombia, Chile, and Argentina). The process identified the selection of features that distinguished the road and justified the inscription. How was this selection made? Was tourism involved in it? This case study analyzes the details of the Qhapaq Ñan nomination process in Argentina. It especially focuses on the northwestern region of the country, an area with a long (and controversial) history of tourist valorization of Andean heritage. It is argued that tourism was involved in the heritage selection processes in Argentina by two means. Firstly, tourism interests have oriented the choosing of some archeological sites that could be tourist attractions. Secondly, the definition of heritage sections and sites has sought to avoid previous heritage areas where the presence of tourism has been highly conflictive. Avoiding potential conflicts is also at the core of recent tourist projects designed for Qhapaq Ñan in Northwestern Argentina that aim to encourage “off the beaten track” (and supposedly non-controversial) forms of tourism.

Information
© The Author 2024
Visitors’ Mindfulness at Dartmoor National Park
Authors: Vozar Elif 
Published: June 2024

Summary
The concept of mindfulness, derived from psychology, refers to the cognitive state of an individual who actively processes information, is attentive to the surrounding environment, and is open to new information. Mindfulness has attracted a great deal of interest in a variety of fields, but it has only been incorporated into tourism research in a relatively limited way. This case explores how the concept of mindfulness can connect visitors to the environment in protected areas, with a focus on the Dartmoor National Park in the UK. It reports some of the findings of an extensive visitor survey, including the effect of learning and emotional place attachment on mindfulness as well as the effect of mindfulness on interest in learning and conservation. The results suggest the importance of visitors’ mindfulness in the context of UK National Parks. The practical implications of this for visitor management are discussed.

Information
© The Author 2024
Investigation of TM (TM=Mg, Cu) doping effect on the luminescence performance of CsPbCl3 from a first-principles investigation
Authors: Wang Junfei , Wang Fei , Fu Xiaonan , Zhang Liying , Li Xiaodong , Wei Yongkai , Shi Guodong , Xu Xiaopei , Luo Yanwei , Jia Yu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The inorganic perovskite CsPbCl3 has raised great concern in recent years due to its great tunability of luminescence properties via impurity doping. However, the blue-emitting mechanism of the impurity-doped CsPbCl3 is unexplored. In this work, we focus on the structural, electronic, and optical properties of CsPb1-x
TM
x
Cl3 (TM=Mg, Cu; x = 0, 0.037, 0.074) based on the first-principles calculations. It is indicated that TM doping decreases the lattice parameter, deforms octahedral structure, and improves the stability of CsPbCl3. The increased direct bandgap values and unique TM energy levels occupation show that the doped systems behave only blue-emitting well. The Mg-s and Cu-3d (eg) states out the bandgaps are close to the valence band edge and conduction band edge respectively, both promoting the carrier radiation recombination. Furthermore, the density of states analyses demonstrates that the enhanced emission of TM-doped CsPbCl3 benefits from the TM different electronic configurations and the different hybridization ways (Mg 3s/Cl 3p, Cu eg/Cl 3p), producing more carriers with increasing x respectively. The obtained optical properties imply that the TM-doped systems exhibit significant optical absorption and high carrier mobilities, promoting excellent luminescence efficiency. Our work explains the blue-emitting mechanism of the TM-doped CsPbCl3, providing a prospective strategy for designing highly efficient blue-emitting devices for optoelectronic applications based on the available parent materials by modulating the bandgap, synergistic relation of impurity energy level and band edge, and optical property.
Simplified modeling of butane dehydrogenation: deeper understanding of the system’s dynamics
Authors: Hamad Honar J , Khoshnaw Sarbaz H A , Shahzad Muhammad 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The dehydrogenation of butane is a catalytic process that involves the separation of hydrogen atoms from an organic molecule, and it relies on the presence of a catalyst Z, such as Ni, Pt, Pd, Fe, ZnO, Cr
2
O
3, or Fe
2
O
3. In this paper, we introduce two highly effective mathematical techniques known as Lumping Compartments (LC) and Intrinsic Low Dimensional Manifold (ILDM) to simplify the complexity of the dehydrogenation of butane. Initially, the model consists of seven nonlinear differential equations with eight parameters. To streamline the model, we applied LC to ten different cases, considering various initial states and parameters. As a result, the number of compartments significantly decreased from seven to three. The obtained computational results and total differences reveal a remarkable agreement between the complete model and the simplified version, demonstrating a high degree of predictive accuracy. Additionally, ILDM is employed to enhance the initial estimation of the slow invariant manifold. This enables us to easily distinguish between the fast and slow variations at each point, with the variations acting as chemical kinetics attractors. Fast chemical reactions are drawn towards these attractors, while slow chemical reactions occur within the manifolds.
Innovative techniques for achieving flat response in a dual-resonance ultra-wideband low-noise amplifier
Authors: Reddy T Snehitha , Nath Vijay 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This paper introduces a two-stage ultra-wideband low-noise amplifier (UWB-LNA) intended to be used in wireless communication systems. The architecture uses a novel double-resonance load network in the first stage and resistive shunt feedback in the second stage to achieve wide bandwidth with a flat response. A common gate stage at the input port seeks to present a high-impedance load to the single resonant network, while concurrently shunt negative feedback, source degeneration, and cascoded feedback schemes are used to improve performance. In this respect, the cascoded feedback provides flat gain across a wide bandwidth, while the source degeneration helps in impedance matching. Post-layout foot-print for the UWB-LNA designed and simulated using Cadence Virtuoso 180nm technology is 0.532 mm2 with an operating frequency 3.1–10.6 GHz incorporated. Operating on a 1.8 V supply voltage, it consumes 6 mW of power. The amplifier achieves a maximum gain of 18.75 dB, maintaining a flat low noise figure of 3.15 dB across frequencies ranging from 3.1 to 10.6 GHz. Stability analysis using the Roulettes test confirms the reliability of the proposed LNA, with Kf > 1 and Δ < 1.
Overmodulation causes a variation in the number of jumps in the Duffing system
Authors: Song Jin , Sun Hanyu , Han Xiujing , Zou Yong , Bi Qinsheng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Amplitude modulation, involving normal and overmodulation scenarios, is crucial for information transmission. However, the complex dynamics of how modulation phase shift affects relaxation oscillations, especially under overmodulation conditions, has not been fully elucidated. Thus, this paper aims to explore the dynamical mechanism of relaxation oscillations affected by modulation phase shift under overmodulation conditions. The result shows that minor phase adjustments in low overmodulation phases can change the time series of the signal. Notably, at critical modulation phase thresholds, the number of transitions in each period of relaxation oscillations increases, and this phenomenon can be observed across a range of parameter values. However, further increase in phase will lead to the decrease in the number of transitions in relaxation oscillations, which demonstrates a clear correlation between phase adjustments and fold bifurcations affecting oscillation patterns. Based on the tri-parametric and bi-parametric bifurcation analysis, we explore the effect of overmodulation index on the number of transitions, and find that higher indices induce complex variations in it. These findings highlight the intricate interplay between modulation phase and modulation index in determining relaxation oscillation patterns, which are crucial for understanding amplitude modulation diversity and can serve as a reference for future research on other modulation scenarios.
Effects of Pöschl-Teller potential on approximate ℓ ≠ 0-states solution in topological defect geometry and Shannon entropy
Authors: Ahmed Faizuddin , Bouzenada Abdelmalek , Moreira Allan R P 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This study is centered on examining the behavior of quantum particles governed by the Schrödinger equation, particularly when subjected to a trigonometric Pöschl-Teller potential within the context of a topological defect environment. We set out to derive the radial wave equation and employ the Nikiforov-Uvarov method to solve it and present the eigenvalue solution of the quantum system. In fact, it is shown that the topological defect alters both the energy eigenvalues and the corresponding wave functions of quantum particles, diverging from the behavior observed in flat space with this potential. Moreover, we compute the Shannon entropy for this quantum system under investigation and assess how the presence of the topological defect and potential influences it.
Mid-infrared dual-wavelength operation of a diode-pumped Tm:YScO3 laser
Authors: Chen Chong , Wang Chi , Li Yongliang , Shangguan Jiawei , Feng Hailong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
A simultaneous continuous-wave (CW) dual-wavelength Tm:YScO3 laser using a single birefringent filter (BF) was experimentally demonstrated. We calculated the wavelength-dependent loss property of the BF. By adjusting the BF plate, the spectral intensity ratio of the generated wavelengths can be maintained to be 1:1. A simultaneous CW dual-wavelength Tm:YScO3 laser at 1948 and 2098 nm is experimentally realized. For a pump power of 15.2 W, mid-infrared dual-wavelength laser radiation at 1948 and 2098 nm and 5.9 W of output power using a 5% output coupler could be generated. A slope efficiency of 42.2% with respect to the absorbed pump power and optical-to-optical efficiency of 38.8% for the highest-incident pump power were obtained. To our knowledge, this is the first study that has realized the dual-wavelength in a Tm:YScO3 laser.
Searches for multi-Z boson productions and anomalous gauge boson couplings at a muon collider*
Authors: Jiang 蒋 Ruobing 若冰 , Jiang 蒋 Chuqiao 楚翘 , Ruzi 阿里木&middot;肉孜 Alim $StringUtils.gbEncoding($!{author.mingCn}) , Yang 杨 Tianyi 天一 , Ban 班 Yong 勇 , Li 李 Qiang 强 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Multi-boson productions can be exploited as novel probes either for standard model precision tests or new physics searches, and have become a popular research topic in ongoing LHC experiments and future collider studies, including those for electron–positron and muon–muon colliders. In this study, we focus on two examples, i.e.,

direct productions through

annihilation at a

muon collider, and

productions through vector boson scattering (VBS) at a

muon collider, with an integrated luminosity of

. Various channels are considered, including

and

+2jets. The expected significance on these multi-Z boson production processes is reported based on a detailed Monte Carlo study and signal background analysis. Sensitivities on anomalous gauge boson couplings are also presented.
Modelling and experiment to stabilize disruptive tearing modes in the ITER baseline scenario in DIII-D
Authors: Turco F. , Luce T.C. , Boyes W. , Hanson J.M. , Hyatt A.W. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The achievement of high gain, stationary conditions in a tokamak scenario aimed at producing fusion energy in the ITER Project is crucial to the demonstration that this form of energy can be used in future reactors to provide cheap and clean energy globally. Disruptions are a challenge for the fusion energy field, in particular for the ‘ITER Baseline Scenario’ (IBS), as reproduced in the DIII-D tokamak. This work shows that a solution has been found for the m= 2/n = 1 tearing modes that have consistently caused disruptions in the IBS: stable operation down to zero input torque was achieved by modifying the current density profile at the beginning of the pressure flattop and the ELM character later in the discharges, guided by previous results showing that the most likely cause of these instabilities is the current density profile. The coupling between sawteeth, n>2 modes and the 2/1 TMs is shown to not be statistically significant, nor the leading origin for the evolution towards instability. Ideal and resistive MHD modeling provide positive verification that a steeper ‘well’ in the region of the q = 2 rational surface leads to worse ideal stability, higher tearing index Δ’ and lower threshold Δ’c for resistive instabilities, consistent with the experimental results. This provides confidence that the methods used in this work can be extrapolated to other devices and applied to avoid disruptions in ITER and pulsed fusion devices worldwide.
LSPE-Strip on-sky calibration strategy using bright celestial sources
Authors: Génova-Santos R.T. , Bersanelli M. , Franceschet C. , Gervasi M. , López-Caraballo C. , Mandelli L. , Mandelli S. , Maris M. , Mennella A. , Rubiño-Martín J.A. , Villa F. , Zannoni M. , Baccigalupi C. , Caccianiga B. , Colombo L. , Cuttaia F. , Farsian F. , Morgante G. , Paradiso S. , Polenta G. , Ricciardi S. , Sandri M. , Taylor A. , Terenzi L. , Tomasi M. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this paper we describe the global on-sky calibration
strategy of the LSPE-Strip instrument. Strip is a microwave
telescope operating in the Q- and W-bands (central frequencies of 43
and 95 GHz respectively) from the Observatorio del Teide in
Tenerife, with the goal to observe and characterise the polarised
Galactic foreground emission, and complement the observations of the
polarisation of the cosmic microwave background to be performed by
the LSPE-SWIPE instrument and other similar experiments operating at
higher frequencies to target the detection of the B-mode signal from
the inflationary epoch of the Universe. Starting from basic
assumptions on some of the instrument parameters (NET, 1/f noise
knee frequency, beam properties, observing efficiency) we perform
realistic simulations to study the level of accuracy that can be
achieved through observations of bright celestial calibrators in the
Strip footprint (sky fraction of 30%) on the determination and
characterisation of the main instrument parameters: global and
relative gain factors (in intensity and in polarisation),
polarisation direction, polarisation efficiency, leakage from
intensity to polarisation, beams, window functions and pointing
model.
Validation of a sampling method and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry analysis method for measurement of fentanyl and five other illicit drugs
Authors: Jeronimo Matthew , Mastel Molly , Gill Jasleen , Davies Hugh 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
With the increased provision of services by health authorities and community organizations allowing supervised inhalation of illicit substances comes concerns about the potential for secondhand exposure to the substances being used, whether in the adjacent community or to workers at the sites. In order to address community concerns surrounding secondhand illicit substance exposure and better protect harm reduction workers, a validated sampling and LC–MS/MS analysis method was developed for 6 illicit drugs: fentanyl, heroin, methamphetamine, cocaine, etizolam, and bromazolam. It was found that the filter used needed to be silanized to be made more inert and avoid loss of analyte due to degradation. Using the silanized filters, recoveries were good (&gt;90%) and the collected samples were found to be stable at room temperature for 2 wk. The sampling volume validated was up to 960 L. The sensitivity and range of the method make it appropriate for short-term (15 min), full shift (8 h), or environmental sampling.
Labial Length and Patient Symptomatology: Is There a Correlation?
Authors: Bhat Deepa , Tevlin Ruth , Lipman Kelsey , Canales Francisco , Furnas Heather 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Labia minora length is used in classification systems and to determine labiaplasty candidacy, with shorter labia leading to nonsurgical recommendations.

Objectives
The aim of the study was to investigate the correlation between labia length and symptomatology.

Methods
Patients undergoing labiaplasty from January 2017 to May 2023 underwent chart review. Data collected included age, exposed, and total labia length. Patients completed a preoperative survey with possible scores from 0 to 13 to gauge complaints and symptoms.

Results
Out of 50 charts with complete data, the average age was 34. Exposed labia lengths were 10.1 mm (right) and 11.4 mm (left); total lengths from sulcus to edge measured 32.0 mm (right) and 33.4 mm (left). Survey scores averaged 6.5 (range, 2-11) median of 7. The correlation between exposed labia length and symptoms yielded Pearson correlation coefficient values (R) of 0.25 for both right and left sides, with coefficient of determination (r2) values at 0.06. For total labia length, R values were 0.08 (right) and 0.06 (left), and r2 values were 0.007 (right) and 0.003 (left).

Conclusions
The correlation between a patient's exposed and total labia length and reported symptomatology is weak. Patients with longer labia can experience few symptoms, just as those with shorter labia can have a high degree of symptomatology. Rather than use labia length as a primary factor determining labiaplasty candidacy, the focus should be on patient-reported symptoms.

Level of Evidence: 2
Marcha das Vadias: performing disidentification in transnational protests
Authors: Fabian Carly Leilani 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In 2011, protests against rape culture ignited across the globe. Inspired by SlutWalk Toronto (SWT), organizers planned protests that adapted the rhetorical features of SlutWalk to their local contexts. This article examines the visual rhetoric of Marcha das Vadias (MDV), a series of satellite protests in Brazil. I argue that protestors enacted disidentification as a response to the constitutive rhetoric of SlutWalk, bringing into focus how ideologies of race, class, and religion interact with norms of sex and gender to reinforce rape logic. The translation of “slut” to “vadias” centered the linguistic and cultural contexts of contemporary Brazil while maintaining solidarity with the broader SlutWalk movement. Protestors deploy seven rhetorical personae that resituate the constitutive narrative of the movement. Altogether, their performances of personae enact a rhetoric of survivance, which utilizes collectivity, structural critique, non-linear temporality, and storytelling to resist systems of oppression.