bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is routine histopathological analysis of hemorrhoidectomy specimens necessary? A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Men Velia , Kaur Dilpreet , Bahl Praharsh , Jin James , Hill Andrew 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundHemorrhoidectomy is a common procedure used to treat symptomatic hemorrhoids. However, the necessity and cost‐effectiveness of routinely conducting histopathological analysis on excised tissue samples are uncertain.MethodsA systematic review was conducted using MEDLINE and EMBASE up to December 2023 for studies assessing the histopathological outcomes of hemorrhoidectomy specimens. Meta‐analysis was performed on articles with combinable results to determine the pooled proportions of cancer and anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) using the random effects model.ResultsFrom 2974 initial search results, 12 studies were included in the review, with 48,365 resected specimens from hemorrhoidectomy. Among these, there were 11 retrospective studies and one prospective study. A meta‐analysis of 11 studies revealed that the prevalence of anal cancer was low, at 0.13% (95% CI: 0.05%–0.31%). The prevalence of anal cancer and AIN combined was 1.16% (95% CI: 0.53%–2.52%).ConclusionThis literature review estimated the probability of malignancy detection in hemorrhoid specimens sent for histopathological evaluation. The low incidence of malignant findings implies that routine analysis of hemorrhoidectomy samples may not be cost‐effective. However, existing studies have yet to establish definitive risk factors for abnormal histological diagnoses to aid in the selection of specimens for selective histopathology.
Why are our roe deer short of breath? – prevalence and promotive factors of lung parasites in roe deer Capreolus capreolus in south‐eastern Germany
Authors: Wild Tobias , Ehrmantraut Christian , Dahl Sarah‐Alica , Langer Felix , Kiess Elisabeth , Simon Kathrin , Meissner Markus , König Andreas 
Published: May 2024

The existence of bronchopulmonary nematodes in German roe deer Capreolus capreolus is well documented, with two types of lung parasites that have been described previously: Dictyocaulus capreolus and Varestrongylus capreoli. However, little is known about the impact of these parasites on their host animal or which parameters influence outbreak and intensity of infection. The aim of this study was to obtain new information on the relevance of factors such as season, environmental conditions or age, sex, and body mass of the infected roe deer. To obtain our results, the respiratory tracts of 762 roe deer from south‐eastern Germany were examined.In the sample, 42.5% of roe deer were infested with V. capreoli and 14.0% with D. capreolus, and 51.3% of animals were completely free of lung parasites. Testing for influencing variables, our regression models found both sex and age of the roe deer to statistically influence infestation, with male sex and younger age correlating with both stronger infestation and higher infestation rates. Accordingly, in male animals the infestation rates with V. capreoli and D. capreolus (45.1% and 20.1%, respectively) were higher than in females (39.4% and 8.0%, respectively).The overall infestation rate of juvenile animals was remarkably higher (73%) than those of sub‐adults (38.3%) or adults (28.4%).Across all age groups, infested animals showed lower body weights compared to non‐infested animals. According to our multiple linear regression model, roe deer infected with D. capreolus on average weighed 0.65 kg less than their healthy counterparts, and in the case of V. capreoli 0.72 kg less on average. While the burden on the well‐being of infested animals can only be assumed, these concrete figures (reduced body weight in infested compared to healthy animals) demonstrate the economic damage lung parasites cause to meat harvesting from bagged roe deer.
Historische Anmerkungen zur Ethik in der Psychiatrie
Authors: Schmiedebach Heinz-Peter 
Published: May 2024

ZusammenfassungMit dem Entstehen einer frühen Psychiatrie um 1800 entstand eine Reihe von Fragen zum Umgang mit einer Personengruppe, deren „fremdes“, irritierendes und störendes Verhalten als Phänomen eines Krankseins betrachtet wurde. Im Kontext der wachsenden Bedeutung der Menschenrechte erhielt der Begriff der Humanität eine hohe Bedeutung als Referenz für die frühen Psychiater. Anhand historischer Quellen wird dargelegt, dass trotz vielfachen psychiatrischen Bekenntnisses zur Humanität bis in die erste Dekade des 20. Jahrhunderts die konkrete psychiatrische Praxis von patriarchalischen Ordnungsregimes beherrscht, später von den Herausforderungen der somatisch-physiologischen und experimentellen Forschung sowie biologistisch-rassistischen Vorstellungen überlagert war. Die damit verbundenen neuen ethischen Fragen wurden zwar teilweise innerhalb der Psychiatrie thematisiert, verhinderten aber nicht eine Zunahme der Bewertung der psychiatrischen Kranken als „minderwertig“.
The Appraisal of Adults with Congenital Heart Disease: Lesson from Comparison of Surgical Outcomes
Authors: Giamberti Alessandro , Ferrero Paolo , Caldaroni Federica , Varrica Alessandro , Pasqualin Giulia , D’Aiello Fabio , Bergonzoni Emma , Ranucci Marco , Chessa Massimo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe population of adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD) is constantly growing. There seems to be a consensus that these patients are difficult to manage especially if compared to patients with acquired heart disease. The aim of this study is to compare outcomes and results of cardiac surgery in ACHD patients with a reference population of adults with acquired cardiac disease. Retrospective study of 5053 consecutive patients older than 18 years hospitalized for cardiac surgery during a 5-years period in our Institution. Two groups of patients were identified. Group I: 419 patients operated for congenital heart disease; Group II: 4634 patients operated for acquired heart disease. In each Group were identified low, medium, and high-risk patients, according to validated scores. Right ventricular outflow tract surgery was the most frequent procedure in Group I, while coronary artery by-pass grafting was the most common in Group II. Patients with ACHD were younger (37.8 vs. 67.7 years), with higher number of previous operations (32.1% vs. 6.9%), had longer post-ICU hospital stay (11 vs. 8 days) but had lower ICU stay (1 vs. 2 days), shorter assisted mechanical ventilation (12 vs. 14 h) and lower surgical mortality (1 vs. 3.7%) (all p < 0.001). No differences were found in term of post-operative complications (12.4 vs. 15%). The surgical treatment of ACHD patients can be done with excellent results and if compared with acquired cardiac disease patients they have better results with shorter ICU stay and lower mortality.
Single-level laminoplasty approach to selective dorsal rhizotomy with conus localization by rapid spine MRI
Authors: Andrews John P. , Ore Cecilia Dalle , Falcone Joseph , Hirschhorn Melessa , Sagar Courtney , Sigford Kathryn , Mitsuya Yumi , Chung Taylor , Sun Peter P. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Introduction
While selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) was originally described as a multilevel approach, single-level approaches are now popularized. Conus localization is beneficial for operative planning in single-level selective dorsal rhizotomy. Our approach to SDR involves minimal exposure for a single-level laminoplasty, preserving one attached interspinous ligament. Pre-operative conus localization is required for this tailored approach to determine the laminoplasty level and dictate rostral or caudal division of the superior spinus ligament. While rapid MRI sequences have been popularized for pediatric cranial imaging, its utility for spinal imagining is less well-described, and specific application for conus localization has not been reported.

Objective
Illustrate that rapid MRI without sedation is sufficient to identify conus level for tailored single-level laminoplasty SDR.

Material and methods
Patients undergoing SDR from 2014 to 2022 at one institution were reviewed for type of pre-operative MRI (rapid vs full), conus level, procedural time for MRI, and radiology report. The typical rapid MRI has four sequences utilizing single-shot technique (scout, sagittal T2, axial T2, and axial T1) that typically take less than 1 min each of acquisition time, with non-single-shot sequences added periodically in cooperative patients. To include time for patient positioning, pre-scan shimming, procedural incidentals, and other patient-specific variations, MRI procedure length was recorded as documented in the electronic medical record.

Results
N = 100 patients had documentation of an MRI for pre-operative imaging. Seventy-nine of these had a rapid MRI, and 21 required a full MRI with anesthesia for their treatment plan. Mean total procedure time for rapid MRI was 21.5 min (median 17). Mean procedure time for MRI under general anesthesia was 91.2 min (median 94). Of patients with rapid MRI imaging, 2/79 had an ambiguous conus level (1 from motion artifact, 1 from spinal hardware) vs 1/21 with a full MRI under anesthesia (due to spinal hardware).

Conclusion
Rapid spinal MRI without sedation can be used for conus localization in a pediatric population. This may be routinely used as pre-operative imaging for a single-level approach to selective dorsal rhizotomy, without sedation or intubation procedures.
Predicting frequency deviation of a crystal oscillator based on long short-term memory network and transfer learning technique
Authors: Su Bo-Chen , Nguyen Duc Huy , Chao Paul C.-P. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCrystal oscillators are fundamental to an extensive range of electronic systems, spanning computers, mobile phones, and automotive electronics. Their significance is accentuated in high-precision applications such as global positioning systems (GPS) and aerospace systems where the frequency-temperature characteristics and thermal hysteresis phenomena are of paramount importance. This study introduces a groundbreaking approach for predicting frequency deviations arising from thermal hysteresis using Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks. Contrary to prior research which predominantly utilized cubic functions to model frequency-temperature characteristics and frequently overlooked thermal hysteresis, this investigation distinguishes itself by leveraging LSTM. The proposed methodology is aptly designed to model both time-dependent and temperature-dependent variations, consequently offering a heightened precision in predicting frequency deviations. By integrating transfer learning techniques, the model's adaptability to diverse databases is augmented, broadening its utility. Experimental evaluations with real-world data underscore the preeminence of the introduced method, registering a root mean square error (RMSE) of less than 0.05 ppm, more favorable than that by the traditional cubic functions and all the prior arts.
Stören statt streicheln – Systemische Familientherapie zwischen Vereindeutigung und Kontingenz
Authors: Schiermayr Franz , Sweet Charlotte 
Published: May 2024

ZusammenfassungDer aktuelle Zeitgeist ist teils gekennzeichnet von Polarisierung und Kommunikationsverweigerung. In digitalen Sozialräumen zeigt sich insbesondere, welche Bandbreite an festen Überzeugungen genährt werden kann, die dann immer wieder aufeinanderprallen und zu Vorwürfen und Isolation führen können. Der Prozess AEye mit der Methodik OO7 setzt an unterschiedlichen Orientierungsbedürfnissen an, die in einem systemischen Kontakt – und Moderationsprozess therapeutisch genutzt werden können. Anhand der Identifikation eines aktuell präferierten Orientierungsmusters wird die Möglichkeit für systemische Familientherapeut:innen illustriert, den Blick der Kontaktpersonen auf momentan ausgelassene Orientierungsmöglichkeiten zu weiten. In einem wohldosierten Oszillationsprozess kann diese Voraussetzung für die neuerliche Ankopplung isolierter Personen erreicht werden. Therapeut:innen werden ermutigt, mit ihrem Gegenüber in Schwingung zu gehen, um dann eine geeignete Amplitude und Frequenz zur Einführung unterschiedsbildender Denkmuster zu wählen, welche Klient:innenseitig den selbstregulativen Anpassungsprozess moderiert.
Falls, fracture and frailty risk in multiple sclerosis: a Mendelian Randomization study to identify shared genetics
Authors: Jeong Sohyun , Tsai Ming-Ju , Shen Changbing , Hsu Yi-Hsiang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) commonly present musculoskeletal disorders characterized by lower bone mineral density (BMD) and muscle weakness. However, the underlying etiology remains unclear. Our objective is to identify shared pleiotropic genetic effects and estimate the causal relationship between MS and musculoskeletal disorders.

Materials and Methods
We conducted linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSR), colocalization, and Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses using summary statistics from recent large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS), encompassing MS, falls, fractures, and frailty. Additional MR analyses explored the causal relationship with musculoskeletal risk factors, such as BMD, lean mass, grip strength, and vitamin D.

Results
We observed a moderate genetic correlation between MS and falls (RG = 0.10, P-value =
0.01) but not between MS with fracture or frailty in the LDSR analyses. MR revealed MS had no causal association with fracture and frailty but a moderate association with falls (OR: 1.004, FDR q-value = 0.018). We further performed colocalization analyses using nine SNPs that exhibited significant associations with both MS and falls in MR. Two SNPs (rs7731626 on ANKRD55 and rs701006 on OS9 gene) showed higher posterior probability of colocalization (PP.H4 = 0.927), suggesting potential pleiotropic effects between MS and falls. The nine genes are associated with central nervous system development and inflammation signaling pathways.

Conclusion
We found potential pleiotropic genetic effects between MS and falls. However, our analysis did not reveal a causal relationship between MS and increased risks of falls, fractures, or frailty. This suggests that the musculoskeletal disorders frequently reported in MS patients in clinical studies are more likely attributed to secondary factors associated with disease progression and treatment, rather than being directly caused by MS itself.
Cancer biotherapy: review and prospect
Authors: Liu Qi , Ma Hu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMalignant tumors pose a grave threat to the quality of human life. The prevalence of malignant tumors in China is steadily rising. Presently, clinical interventions encompass surgery, radiotherapy, and pharmaceutical therapy in isolation or combination. Nonetheless, these modalities fail to completely eradicate malignant tumor cells, frequently leading to metastasis and recurrence. Conversely, tumor biotherapy has emerged as an encouraging fourth approach in preventing and managing malignant tumors owing to its safety, efficacy, and minimal adverse effects. Currently, a range of tumor biotherapy techniques are employed, including gene therapy, tumor vaccines, monoclonal antibody therapy, cancer stem cell therapy, cytokine therapy, and adoptive cellular immunotherapy. This study aims to comprehensively review the latest developments in biological treatments for malignant tumors.
Die Integration der Wärmeplanung in die Bauleitplanung
Authors: Guckelberger Annette 
Published: May 2024

ZusammenfassungZum Erreichen einer treibhausgasneutralen Wärmeversorgung sind Wärmepläne bis zum 30.6.2026 bzw. bis zum 30.6.2028 zu erstellen und in regelmäßigen Abständen fortzuschreiben. Der nachfolgende Beitrag beleuchtet die neu eingeführte Planungsart und deren Bedeutung für die gemeindliche Bauleitplanung.
The effect of GLP-1R agonists on the medical triad of obesity, diabetes, and cancer
Authors: Ibrahim Shahad Sabaawi , Ibrahim Raghad Sabaawi , Arabi Batoul , Brockmueller Aranka , Shakibaei Mehdi , Büsselberg Dietrich 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGlucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists have garnered significant attention for their therapeutic potential in addressing the interconnected health challenges of diabetes, obesity, and cancer. The role of GLP-1R in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is highlighted, emphasizing its pivotal contribution to glucose homeostasis, promoting β-cell proliferation, and facilitating insulin release. GLP-1R agonists have effectively managed obesity by reducing hunger, moderating food intake, and regulating body weight. Beyond diabetes and obesity, GLP-1R agonists exhibit a multifaceted impact on cancer progression across various malignancies. The mechanisms underlying these effects involve the modulation of signaling pathways associated with cell growth, survival, and metabolism. However, the current literature reveals a lack of in vivo studies on specific GLP-1R agonists such as semaglutide, necessitating further research to elucidate its precise mechanisms and effects, particularly in cancer. While other GLP-1R agonists have shown promising outcomes in mitigating cancer progression, the association between some GLP-1R agonists and an increased risk of cancer remains a topic requiring more profound investigation. This calls for more extensive research to unravel the intricate relationships between the GLP-1R agonist and different cancers, providing valuable insights for clinicians and researchers alike.
Downregulation of MYBL1 in endothelial cells contributes to atherosclerosis by repressing PLEKHM1-inducing autophagy
Authors: Ding Shi-Ao , Liu Hao , Zheng Rui , Ge Yang , Fu Zheng , Mei Ju , Tang Min 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMYBL1 is a strong transcriptional activator involved in the cell signaling. However, there is no systematic study on the role of MYBL1 in atherosclerosis. The aim of this study is to elucidate the role and mechanism of MYBL1 in atherosclerosis. GSE28829, GSE43292 and GSE41571 were downloaded from NCBI for differentially expressed analysis. The expression levels of MYBL1 in atherosclerotic plaque tissue and normal vessels were detected by qRT-PCR, Western blot and Immunohistochemistry. Transwell and CCK-8 were used to detect the migration and proliferation of HUVECs after silencing MYBL1. RNA-seq, Western blot, qRT-PCR, Luciferase reporter system, Immunofluorescence, Flow cytometry, ChIP and CO-IP were used to study the role and mechanism of MYBL1 in atherosclerosis. The microarray data of GSE28829, GSE43292, and GSE41571 were analyzed and intersected, and then MYBL1 were verified. MYBL1 was down-regulated in atherosclerotic plaque tissue. After silencing of MYBL1, HUVECs were damaged, and their migration and proliferation abilities were weakened. Overexpression of MYBL1 significantly enhanced the migration and proliferation of HUVECs. MYBL1 knockdown induced abnormal autophagy in HUVEC cells, suggesting that MYBL1 was involved in the regulation of HUVECs through autophagy. Mechanistic studies showed that MYBL1 knockdown inhibited autophagosome and lysosomal fusion in HUVECs by inhibiting PLEKHM1, thereby exacerbating atherosclerosis. Furthermore, MYBL1 was found to repress lipid accumulation in HUVECs after oxLDL treatment. MYBL1 knockdown in HUVECs was involved in atherosclerosis by inhibiting PLEKHM1-induced autophagy, which provided a novel target of therapy for atherosclerosis.
Graphical abstract
Biocontrol potential of cell-free supernatant of Paenibacillus chitinolyticus against Plasmodiophora brassicae in two important Brassica species
Authors: Khodashenas Rudsari Maryam , Zouhar Miloslav , Manasova Marie , Li Tongda 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPlasmodiophora brassicae is a serious threat to Brassica crops worldwide, resulting in substantial economic losses for growers. Biocontrol with chitinolytic bacteria producing chitinase is gaining attention as a natural alternative to chemicals. This approach is favored due to the essential role chitinases play in protecting against chitin-containing pathogens. Given that chitin is a major component in the resting spores of P. brassicae and plays a crucial role during pathogenesis, it is probable that Paenibacillus chitinolyticus, producing a high level of chitinase, could suppress P. brassicae by targeting chitin in a critical stage of this pathogen’s life cycle. Our research aimed to evaluate the effect of various applications of P. chitinolyticus on clubroot suppression in two economically important Brassica species: Chinese cabbage and rapeseed. The effectiveness of the cell-free supernatant (CFS) of an endemic strain of P. chitinolyticus from the Czech Republic at five different time points was studied in the greenhouse by measuring the disease severity index. Early application of P. chitinolyticus decreased the disease index significantly within both plant species resulting in increased shoot dry weight. In conclusion, the CFS of P.chitinolyticus has significant antagonistic activity against clubroot in Chinese cabbage and rapeseed in the early developmental stages of clubroot occurrence and holds the potential as a biofertilizer as well as bioprotectant agent in clubroot management of P. brassicae.
Leveraging transformers architectures and augmentation for efficient classification of fasteners and natural language searches
Authors: Cauli Nino , Murgia Marco , Reforgiato Recupero Diego , Scarpi Giuseppe 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA primary concern in the realm of mechanical engineering is to ensure the efficient and effective data entry of hardware devices. Fasteners are mechanical tools that rigidly connect or affix two surfaces or objects together. They are small and often different fasteners might look similar; it is therefore a long and prone-to-risk procedure to manually analyze them to classify and store their related information. With the widespread diffusion of AI frameworks in several domains, equipment manufacturers started to rely on AI technologies for these heavy tasks. Automatically classifying fasteners by type and extracting metadata from natural language questions are important tasks that fastener manufacturers and suppliers encounter. In this paper, we address these challenges. To address the first task, we introduce an augmentation methodology that starts with a small set of 3D models representing each of the 21 types of fasteners we aim to classify. This methodology efficiently generates multiple 2D images from these models. Next, we train a vision transformer using the collected data to address a single-label multi-class classification task. For the second task, we introduce a prompt-engineering technique designed for conversational agents. This technique leverages in-context knowledge to extract (metadata field, value) pairs from natural language questions. Subsequently, we tackle a question-answering task to the description fields of the extracted fasteners. Our evaluation demonstrates the effectiveness of both approaches, surpassing the baselines we tested.