bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Injury prediction in volleyball players.
Authors: de la Cruz-Márquez J C , Cueto-Martín B , de la Cruz-Campos J C , de la Cruz-Campos A 
Published: April 2011

BackgroundAn accentuated Quadriceps (Q) angle, genu valgum, flat feet, femoral anteversion, lumbar hyperlordosis and lower limb dysmetria can be factors favouring the occurrence of injuries.ObjectiveTo determine what degrees of Q angle can be tolerated by and what corrector guidelines can be established for volleyball players.DesignA Q angle analysis was performed on 36 female and 41 male volleyball players from a Spanish honour division team for 5 years, as well as a measurement of weight distribution on a balance platform. We determined the injuries suffered during each season and their relation to the physical activity.Setting and participants44 females and 46 males (females: mean age 22±3.4 years; height: 182.3±5.7 cm; weight: 71.9±4.1 kg; males: 23±3.3 and; 188.2±3.8 cm; 84.8±6.9 kg) who were on the team during the 5-year period of study. Eight females and five males did not complete the study.InterventionsA logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the influence of anthropometric factors on the occurrence of injuries.Independent Variables: Anthropometric measures, balance, minutes of training.Dependent: Injuries.ResultsFemales: In the right lower limb, the Q angle average is 14.14°±1.8 degrees, while in the left lower limb it is 14.97°±1.1 (p<0.01). Males: Right Q angle: 13.1°±2.2; Left: 13.75°±1.7 (p<0.01). Sharp Left Q angle favours the occurrence of lower limb and back injuries. There is no connection to practical exposure.ConclusionsWe formulated a logistic regression equation that predicts the occurrence of injuries. Degree of satisfaction: 75% (females), 85% (males). 1/1+e-(0.757•LQA−0.647•DTT)2. (e: Natural Logarithm e; LQA: Left Q angle; DTT: Differences in thigh thickness).
An analysis of volleyball injuries in female athletes in grades nine through twelve
Authors: Yasher K R , Liller K , Wong S , Jang S , Morris B J , Konin J G 
Published: April 2011

BackgroundParticipation in women's sports has increased over the years, potentially leading to an increased exposure rate for injury. Identifying the prevalence and severity of specific injuries associated with volleyball can lead to effective injury prevention interventions and educational programs.ObjectiveTo analyze injury trends associated with women's volleyball for grade 9–12.DesignA retrospective analysis of medical records collected by certified athletic trainers at 10 high schools was performed over a three year period from 2006–2009.SettingData was collected via web based software in the USA for volleyball athletes in grades 9–12.ParticipantsParticipants included female volleyball players in grades 9–12 who participated in a sanctioned high school volleyball athletic season.InterventionInjury definitions were standardized prior to the medical documentation, and were limited to self-reporting by the athletes or direct observation by the athletic trainer. Injury is defined by something that results from participation in competition or practice, requires medical attention and results in restriction and or modification in participation for one or more days beyond the day of injury.Main outcome measurementsMeasurements were recorded based upon each exposure, defined as a single practice or game session per player.ResultsA total of 30 366 exposures were recorded, with just 31documented injuries. 35.5% of the documented injuries involved the ankles followed by knees and thumbs with 13%. 66.67% of injuries occurred during non-contact skills practices, 24% occurred to middle blockers, 19% occurred due to jumping and landing and 26% occurred toward the end of practice. For every 1000 exposures, 0.964 injuries occurred during a practice session and 0.698 injuries occurred during a match.ConclusionsVolleyball injuries in females in grades 9–12 appear low overall in prevalence and severity. Future studies for volleyball participation are encouraged to assess different age groups, gender, and other variables.
Volleyball injuries: a survey of injuries of the Portuguese Female National Team
Authors: Massada M , Aido R , Magalhaes C , Puga N 
Published: April 2011

BackgroundVolleyball is a dynamic sport, presenting a high number of movement injuries. Analysis of injury prevalence is crucial for the development of prevention programmes.ObjectivesTo estimate the overall incidence of acute and overuse volleyball injuries in the Female National Team during the 2008–2009 season.DesignProspective recording of newly incurred injuries.Setting and participantsFemale Portuguese National Team Participants: 32 female volleyball players participated in the study and were followed prospectively during a whole season.InterventionsAll players completed a questionnaire on demographic variables, sports participation, use of preventive measures, and previous injuries. Volleyball exposure during training and matches was recorded for each individual player by the team's physical therapist (PT) on a weekly exposure form. In case of injury the PT provided the injured player with an injury registration form, which had to be completed within one week after the onset of injury.Main outcome measurementsThe incidence and burden of injuries and factors associated with injury.Results100 injuries were reported, resulting in an overall injury incidence of 2.6 injuries/1000 h. The incidence of acute injuries was 2.0/1000 h. Ankle sprains (n=41) accounted for most of the acute injuries, and 31 (75%) of all players with an ankle sprain reported a previous ankle sprain. The majority of injuries occurred during blocking or spiking. 25 overuse injuries were reported. The overall incidence of overuse injuries was 0.6/1000 h; the back and the shoulder were the most common sites.ConclusionsAnkle sprain is the most common injury in volleyball, accounting for 41% of all volleyball related injuries. Previous injury seems to be an important risk factor for an ankle sprain. Injury prevention programmes should focus on ankle sprains and concentrate on players with previous ankle sprains.
Systematic sports medical prophylactic evaluations in the countries of the former USSR
Authors: Mustafins P , Landyr A , Schybria I , Istomina J , Gurevich T 
Published: April 2011

BackgroundPeriodic health evaluations for athletes are widely discussed in the sports medical literature, and are intended to screen for underlying cardiovascular disease, identify sports injury risk factors and posture disturbances, as well as exercise induced physiological conditions.ObjectiveTo review the systematic the athletes' periodic health evaluations in the territories of the former USSR.ParticipantsSelected sports medicine outpatient centres (SMC) and sports medicine physicians in Russia and Estonia.MethodsWe reviewed the structure and outcome of the yearly visits at the participating SMCs, and the sports medicine educational curriculum at the University of Tartu in Estonia.ResultsPeriodic health evaluations for athletes have been conducted since 1949. The system integrates the facilities (sports medical centers) and the education of the sports physicians. Outpatient check ups of the athletes coming from all the levels of sport were conducted at the SMC. At one time over 500 SMCs existed, involving sports physicians, surgeons, neurologists, otolaryngologists, ophthalmologists, dentists and gynaecologists. Anthropometric data were collected, in addition to EKG, physical work capacity testing, and laboratory measurements – depending on the athletes' level and on a kind of sport. As a current sample, an annual amount of visits to the physicians per single regional SMC was 99 601 (Yekaterinburg Sports medical centre (Russia), prophylactic check ups and treatments, year 2009). The specific program of sports physician education at the University of Tartu in Estonia began in 1959. The program comprised the standard MD curriculum plus additional courses on sports theory, sports physiology, sports cardiology, exercise stress testing, sports injury, and rehabilitation. A total of 818 physicians were trained through 1995 – when the program was closed after the breakup of the USSR. Although still in existence in Russia, in many other countries the system has been downscaled or phased out.ConclusionsTo our knowledge, the system described was the largest state-sponsored sports medical prophylactic approach in the world. Although in many instances there was no proof of the cost effectiveness of this approach, many elements of the athletes' periodic health evaluations and education of the sports physicians we describe should be considered as precursors of today's modern sports medicine programs.
Survival of the fattest: unexpected findings about hyperglycaemia and obesity in a population based study of 75-year-olds
Authors: Nilsson Göran , Hedberg Pär , Öhrvik John 
Published: April 2011

ObjectiveTo study the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and mortality among 75-year-olds with and without diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM) or impaired fasting glucose (IFG).DesignProspective population-based cohort study with a 10-year follow-up.ParticipantsA random sample of 618 of the 1100 inhabitants born in 1922 and living in the city of Västerås in 1997 were invited to participate in a cardiovascular health survey; 70% of those invited agreed to participate (432 individuals: 210 men, 222 women).Outcome measuresAll-cause and cardiovascular mortality.Results163 of 432 (38%) participants died during the 10-year follow-up period. The prevalence of DM or IFG was 41% (35% among survivors, 48% among non-survivors). The prevalence of obesity/overweight/normal weight/underweight according to WHO definitions was 12/45/42/1% (14/43/42/1% among survivors, 9/47/42/2% among non-survivors). The hazard rate for death decreased by 10% for every kg/m2increase in BMI in individuals with DM/IFG (HR 0.91, 95% CI 0.86 to 0.97; p=0.003). After adjustment for sex, current smoking, diagnosed hypertension, diagnosed angina pectoris, previous myocardial infarction and previous stroke/transient ischaemic attack, the corresponding decrease in mortality was 9% (HR 0.92, 95% CI 0.86 to 0.99; p=0.017). These findings remained after exclusion of individuals with BMI<20 or those who died within 2-year follow-up. In individuals without DM/IFG, BMI had no effect on mortality (HR 1.01, 95% CI 0.95 to 1.07; p=0.811). The HR for BMI differed significantly between individuals with and without DM/IFG (p interaction=0.025). The increased all-cause mortality in individuals with DM/IFG in combination with lower BMI was driven by cardiovascular death.ConclusionHigh all-cause and cardiovascular mortality was associated with lower BMI in 75-year-olds with DM/IFG but not in those without DM/IFG. Further studies on the combined effect of obesity/overweight and DM/IFG are needed in order to assess the appropriateness of current guideline recommendations for weight reduction in older people with DM/IFG.
Paradoxical Clinical Effect of Estrogen on Breast Cancer Risk: A “New” Biology of Estrogen-induced Apoptosis
Authors: Jordan V. Craig , Ford Leslie G. 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
Administration of estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) decreases the incidence of breast cancer, as shown in a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) in 10,739 postmenopausal women with a prior hysterectomy. Although paradoxical because estrogen is recognized to stimulate breast cancer growth, laboratory data support a mechanism of estrogen-induced apoptosis under the correct environmental circumstances. Long-term antiestrogen treatment or estrogen deprivation causes the eventual development and evolution of antihormone resistance. Cell populations emerge with a vulnerability, as estrogen is no longer a survival signal but is an apoptotic trigger. The antitumor effect of ERT in estrogen-deprived postmenopausal women is consistent with laboratory models. Cancer Prev Res; 4(5); 633–7. ©2011 AACR.
Platelet function variability and non-genetic causes
Authors: Farhan Serdar , Jarai Rudolf , Wojta Johann , Tentzeris Ioannis , Siller-Matula Jolanta , Huber Kurt 
Published: April 2011

SummaryDual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) has been established for the treatment of coronary artery disease, especially in and after acute coronary syndromes, and after coronary interventions. Data suggest that a significant percentage of individuals treated with clopidogrel do not receive the expected therapeutic benefit because of a decreased responsiveness of their platelets, which is caused by several extrinsic and intrinsic mechanisms. The clinical consequence of clopidogrel non-responsiveness is severe cardiovascular complications. Besides genetic variability in response to antiplatelet therapy, non-genetic causes such as drug interactions (proton-pump inhibitors, statins, calcium-channel blockers, coumarine derivates, antibiotics, antimycotics) and co-morbidities (diabetes mellitus, renal failure, obesity) are responsible for this phenomenon. Large clinical trials with standardised laboratory methods and hard clinical endpoints are needed to identify these interactions with clopidogrel and predictors for its non-responsiveness.
Predictors of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Sac Enlargement After Endovascular Repair
Authors: Schanzer Andres , Greenberg Roy K. , Hevelone Nathanael , Robinson William P. , Eslami Mohammad H. , Goldberg Robert J. , Messina Louis 
Published: April 2011

Background—
The majority of infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repairs in the United States are performed with endovascular methods. Baseline aortoiliac arterial anatomic characteristics are fundamental criteria for appropriate patient selection for endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) and key determinants of long-term success. We evaluated compliance with anatomic guidelines for EVAR and the relationship between baseline aortoiliac arterial anatomy and post-EVAR AAA sac enlargement.

Methods and Results—
Patients with pre-EVAR and at least 1 post-EVAR computed tomography scan were identified from the M2S, Inc. imaging database (1999 to 2008). Preoperative baseline aortoiliac anatomic characteristics were reviewed for each patient. Data relating to the specific AAA endovascular device implanted were not available. Therefore, morphological measurements were compared with the most liberal and the most conservative published anatomic guidelines as stated in each manufacturer's instructions for use. The primary study outcome was post-EVAR AAA sac enlargement (>5-mm diameter increase). In 10 228 patients undergoing EVAR, 59% had a maximum AAA diameter below the 55-mm threshold at which intervention is recommended over surveillance. Only 42% of patients had anatomy that met the most conservative definition of device instructions for use; 69% met the most liberal definition of device instructions for use. The 5-year post-EVAR rate of AAA sac enlargement was 41%. Independent predictors of AAA sac enlargement included endoleak, age ≥80 years, aortic neck diameter ≥28 mm, aortic neck angle >60°, and common iliac artery diameter >20 mm.

Conclusion—
In this multicenter observational study, compliance with EVAR device guidelines was low and post-EVAR aneurysm sac enlargement was high, raising concern for long-term risk of aneurysm rupture.
On the Surface-Convection Feedback during Drought Periods on the Canadian Prairies
Authors: Brimelow Julian C. , Hanesiak John M. , Burrows William R. 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
Linkages between the terrestrial ecosystem and precipitation play a critical role in regulating regional weather and climate. These linkages can manifest themselves as positive or negative feedback loops, which may either favor or inhibit the triggering and intensity of thunderstorms. Although the Canadian Prairies terrestrial system has been identified as having the potential to exert a detectable influence on convective precipitation during the warm season, little work has been done in this area using in situ observations.
The authors present findings from a novel study designed to explore linkages between the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and lightning duration (DUR) from the Canadian Lightning Detection Network for 38 census agricultural regions (CARs) on the Canadian Prairies. Statistics Canada divides the prairie agricultural zone into CARs (polygons of varying size and shape) for the purpose of calculating agricultural statistics. Here, DUR is used as a proxy for thunderstorm activity. Statistical analyses were undertaken for 38 CARs for summers [June–August (JJA)] between 1999 and 2008. Specifically, coefficients of determination were calculated between pairs of standardized anomalies of DUR and NDVI by season and by month. Correlations were also calculated for CARs grouped by size and/or magnitude of the NDVI anomalies.
The main findings are as follows: 1) JJA lightning activity is overwhelmingly below average within larger dry areas (i.e., areas with below-average NDVI); that is, the linkages between NDVI and DUR increased significantly as both the area and magnitude of the dry anomaly increased. 2) In contrast, CARs with above-average NDVI did not consistently experience above-average lightning activity, regardless of the CAR size. 3) The lower threshold for the length scale of the dry anomalies required to affect the boundary layer sufficiently to reduce lightning activity was found to be approximately 150 km (~18 000 km2). 4) The authors’ analysis suggests that the surface-convection feedback appears to be a real phenomenon, in which drought tends to perpetuate drought with respect to convective storms and associated rainfall, within the limits found in 1) and 3).
A probe into the facilities maintenance data of a hotel
Authors: Lai Joseph HK , Yik Francis WH 
Published: April 2011

The performance of facilities in buildings has profound influence on end-user satisfaction. This, in turn, would affect the buildings’ income and hence the level of resources available for maintaining their facilities. Probing into the computerised maintenance management data of a quality hotel, the study reported here identified a strongly positive correlation between the facilities’ downtime and the quantity of maintenance work orders. Work efficiency, which measures the effectiveness of the hotel’s maintenance workforce, was found to decline with increasing utilisation levels of the workers. Scrutinising the utilisation and efficiency levels of the workers enabled a review of their workloads and performances. The benchmarking curves developed based on the downtimes of the hotel’s facilities can help measure the quality of maintenance works. Further research works are needed to study the effects of low and moderate occupancy rates on maintenance demand, the utilisation and efficiency levels of workers in performing preventive maintenance works, and the availabilities of unreliable facilities and those which are hard to maintain. Practical applications: It has been shown how the data stored in a computerised maintenance management system can be analysed to examine the demand for facilities maintenance, the effectiveness of a maintenance workforce and the performance of facilities. The study findings are useful for facilities management (FM) practitioners. Pursuing more studies of this kind would make further contributions to performance evaluation and benchmarking in the FM field.
Corporate Governance and Earnings Management in Family-Controlled Companies
Authors: Prencipe Annalisa , Bar-Yosef Sasson 
Published: April 2011

The corporate governance literature advances the idea that certain aspects of a board of directors’ structure improve the monitoring of managerial decisions. Among these decisions are a manager’s policies about managing earnings. Prior studies have shown that earnings management in widely held public companies is less prevalent when there is a high level of board independence. However, there is less evidence regarding the effectiveness of board independence on earnings management in family-controlled companies. This issue is particularly interesting as such companies are susceptible to various types of agency concerns. It is the purpose of this study to shed light on the earnings management issue in family-controlled companies characterized by potentially lower board independence and a higher risk of collusion. In this study, board independence is estimated by two parameters: (1) proportion of independent directors on the board; and (2) lack of chief executive officer (CEO)–board chairman duality function. Our empirical results provide evidence that the impact of board independence on earnings management is indeed weaker in family-controlled companies. The same result also holds for the lack of CEO– board chairman duality function. Such effects become stronger in cases in which the CEO is a member of the controlling family.
Behavioral and Cardiovascular Responses to Frustration During Simulated Driving Tasks in Young Adults With and Without Attention Disorder Symptoms
Authors: Oliver Michele L. , Nigg Joel T. , Cassavaugh Nicholas D. , Backs Richard W. 
Published: April 2011

Objective: The present study examined the role of negative emotions on driving performance in relation to ADHD, by comparing young adults scoring high on measures of ADHD ( n = 20) with a control group ( n = 22). Method: The authors used cardiorespiratory physiological measures, simulated driving behavior, and self-report to examine how participants with high and low ADHD symptoms responded to frustration and to determine how frustration affected simulated driving performance. Results: Groups did not differ in operational driving skills, but participants with high ADHD symptoms reported more frustration and exhibited more impairment at the tactical level of driving performance than the controls. There was significant suppression of respiratory sinus arrhythmia from resting baseline during tasks, but it did not differ between groups during driving. Conclusion: This article proposes that remedial driver training for ADHD populations should focus more on the control of negative emotions rather than on attention or fundamental driving skills. (J. of Att. Dis. 2012; 16(6) 478-490)
Time Out of Mind
Authors: Carelli Maria G. , Wiberg Britt 
Published: April 2011

Objective: ADHD is often associated with difficulties in planning and time management. In this study, the authors examined the hypothesis that these functional problems in ADHD reflect systematic biases in temporal orientation. Method: To test this hypothesis, adults with ADHD (n = 30) and healthy controls (n = 60) completed the Swedish version of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (S-ZTPI). Results: Although a majority of the ADHD participants were tested under stimulant medication, they showed significant differences in all the six subscales of the S-ZTPI. Logistic regression analysis, with age, education, depression, and response inhibition as covariates, showed that the Future Positive Scale was the primary predictor of ADHD status. Conclusion: These findings suggest that ADHD is associated with systematic biases in habitual time orientation and that these differences may contribute to functional problems in ADHD.