bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implication of Metastasis Suppressor NM23-H1 in Maintaining Adherens Junctions and Limiting the Invasive Potential of Human Cancer Cells
Authors: Boissan Mathieu , De Wever Olivier , Lizarraga Floria , Wendum Dominique , Poincloux Renaud , Chignard Nicolas , Desbois-Mouthon Christèle , Dufour Sylvie , Nawrocki-Raby Béatrice , Birembaut Philippe , Bracke Marc , Chavrier Philippe , Gespach Christian , Lacombe Marie-Lise 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Loss of NM23-H1 expression correlates with the degree of metastasis and with unfavorable clinical prognosis in several types of human carcinoma. However, the mechanistic basis for the metastasis suppressor function of NM23-H1 is obscure. We silenced NM23-H1 expression in human hepatoma and colon carcinoma cells and methodologically investigated effects on cell-cell adhesion, migration, invasion, and signaling linked to cancer progression. NM23-H1 silencing disrupted cell-cell adhesion mediated by E-cadherin, resulting in β-catenin nuclear translocation and T-cell factor/lymphoid-enhancing factor-1 transactivation. Further, NM23-H1 silencing promoted cellular scattering, motility, and extracellular matrix invasion by promoting invadopodia formation and upregulating several matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), including membrane type 1 MMP. In contrast, silencing the related NM23-H2 gene was ineffective at promoting invasion. NM23-H1 silencing activated proinvasive signaling pathways involving Rac1, mitogen-activated protein kinases, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt, and src kinase. Conversely, NM23-H1 was dispensable for cancer cell proliferation in vitro and liver regeneration in NM23-M1 null mice, instead inducing cellular resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs in vitro. Analysis of NM23-H1 expression in clinical specimens revealed high expression in premalignant lesions (liver cirrhosis and colon adenoma) and the central body of primary liver or colon tumors, but downregulation at the invasive front of tumors. Our findings reveal that NM23-H1 is critical for control of cell-cell adhesion and cell migration at early stages of the invasive program in epithelial cancers, orchestrating a barrier against conversion of in situ carcinoma into invasive malignancy. Cancer Res; 70(19); 7710–22. ©2010 AACR.
Xyala finneyae sp. n. (Nematoda: Xyalidae) from the intertidal region of the eastern Gulf of California, Mexico
Authors: King Ian , Mundo-Ocampo Manuel , Ley Paul De 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Xyala finneyae sp. n. from the intertidal zone in the northern Gulf of California, Mexico, is described using light and scanning electron microscopy. The new species is characterised by the first ring of cuticular crests being at least twice as long as the crests on the remaining annules, vulva at 70-76% of body length from anterior end, sexual dimorphism in amphid fovea size with females having a smaller amphidial opening. Xyala finneyae sp. n. is most similar to the type species, X. striata, and to X. oxybiotica. It differs from the former in having the first ring of crests markedly longer than all subsequent ones, in having shorter outer labial and cephalic setae on the lip region (8-9 and 15-18 vs 12 and 22 μm, respectively), in a more anterior position of vulva (V = 70-76 vs 79-81) and in shorter spicules (29-31 vs 44-47 μm). From X. oxybiotica, it differs in the more spherical lip region with thinner cuticle on the lips (vs lips more protruding anteriad and with thicker cuticle in optical section), shorter outer labial and cephalic setae on the lip region (8-9 and 15-18 vs 13 and 23 μm, respectively), a more anterior vulva (V = 70-76 vs 81-89) and shorter spicules (29-31 vs 35 μm).
Variability in desiccation tolerance among different strains of the entomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis bacteriophora
Authors: Mukuka John , Strauch Olaf , Ehlers Ralf-Udo 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
The shelf life of biological control products based on the entomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis bacteriophora is rather short. In order to prolong shelf life, the metabolism of nematodes during storage must be reduced. This can be achieved by means of desiccation of the infective third-stage dauer juveniles (DJ). The tolerance can be increased by an adaptation to moderate desiccation conditions. Previous investigations indicate that the heritability of the desiccation tolerance is high, justifying a genetic selection for enhanced tolerance. This investigation screened the desiccation tolerance of 43 strains of Heterorhabditis spp. and 18 hybrid/inbred strains of H. bacteriophora. Dehydrating conditions measured as water activity (aw values) were produced by treating DJ with different concentrations of the non-ionic polymer poly(ethylene glycol) 600. Significant inter-specific variation was recorded between nematode strains and species. The mean tolerated aw value (MW50) ranged from 0.90 to 0.95 for non-adapted and 0.67 to 0.99 for adapted nematode populations. For selective breeding, only the 10% most tolerant individuals would be used. The lowest aw value tolerated by 10% of a population (MW10) ranged from of 0.845 to 0.932 for non-adapted nematode populations and 0.603 to 0.950 for adapted nematode populations. Adaptation significantly increased the desiccation tolerance and a weak correlation was recorded for tolerance with and without adaptations. The most tolerant nematode strains will form the basis for the foundation of a parental stock produced by cross-breeding and following genetic selection for enhanced tolerance. Thus, this investigation is another milestone on the road to domestication of H. bacteriophora for commercial use in sustainable pest management.
Effect of unsaturated fatty acids around pupal chambers of Monochamus alternatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) and Acanthocinus orientalis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) on the number of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Nematoda: Parasitaphelenchidae) carried by the beetles
Authors: Maehara Noritoshi , Tokoro Masahiko 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Several chemical compounds, e.g., linoleic and oleic acids, have been reported to be attractive to the pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, in previous studies. To examine the effects of fatty acids on the number of nematodes carried by Monochamus alternatus and Acanthocinus orientalis, unsaturated fatty acids (linoleic, oleic and hexadecenoic acids) and saturated fatty acids (palmitic and stearic acids) around the pupal chambers of individual beetles of the two species were analysed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The number of nematodes carried by individual M. alternatus was large, averaging 1628 (range 2 to 27 200), whilst A. orientalis carried no nematodes. There was no difference in the concentration of linoleic acid around the pupal chambers of M. alternatus and A. orientalis, and the concentration of oleic acid around Monochamus chambers was less than that around Acanthocinus chambers. There were no clear significant relationships between the concentration of linoleic or oleic acids around Monochamus pupal chambers and the numbers of nematodes carried by individual Monochamus beetles emerging from the chambers. It was concluded that the concentration of unsaturated fatty acids around pupal chambers in wilt-killed pine trees could not explain the differences in the numbers of nematodes carried by M. alternatus and by A. orientalis, and the differences in the numbers of nematodes carried by individual Monochamus beetles.
Diversity of entomopathogenic nematodes (Nematoda: Steinernematidae, Heterorhabditidae) from Arasbaran forests and rangelands in north-west Iran
Authors: Nikdel Mostafa , Niknam Gholamreza , Griffin Christine T. , Kary Naser Eivazian 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
A survey for entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) was carried out in the
Arasbaran forests and rangelands, East Azarbaijan province, north-west Iran,
during 2006 to 2008. A total of 691 soil samples were collected from 62
localities across the region of which 21 samples (3%) were positive for EPN,
including nine samples (1.3%) with heterorhabditids and 12 (1.7%) with
steinernematids. Seven isolates (four Steinernema and three Heterorhabditis)
were recovered from rangelands and 14 (eight Steinernema and six
Heterorhabditis) from forest soil samples. Based on morphology and molecular
studies, the Heterorhabditis isolates were identified as H. bacteriophora
and the Steinernema isolates as S. carpocapsae, S. bicornutum, S. feltiae,
S. glaseri, S. kraussei and three undescribed species referred to here as
Steinernema sp. IRAZ7, Steinernema sp. IRAZ13 and Steinernema sp. IRAZ21.
Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, the most common species, was present in nine
soil samples collected across the forests and rangelands, and of the
Steinernema species, S. bicornutum was obtained from three samples, the
other species being found from only one or two samples.
Outcomes for street children and youth under multidisciplinary care in a drop-in centre in Tegucigalpa, Honduras
Authors: Souza Renato , Porten Klaudia , Nicholas Sarala , Grais Rebecca ,   the Médecins Sans Frontières-Honduras team
Published: September 2010

Background: There is little evidence to describe the feasibility and outcomes of services for the care of street children and youth in low-income countries. Aims: To describe the outcomes of a multidisciplinary case management approach delivered in a drop-in centre for street children and youth. Methods: A longitudinal study of street children and youth followed in an urban drop-in centre. Four hundred (400) street children and youth received a multidisciplinary case management therapeutic package based on the community reinforcement approach. The main outcomes were changes in psychological distress, substance abuse and social situation scores. Results: The median follow-up time for the cohort was 18 months. There were reductions in the levels of psychological distress ( p = 0.0001) and substance abuse ( p ≤ 0.0001) in the cohort as well as an improvement in the social situation of street children and youth ( p = 0.0001). There was a main effect of gender ( p < 0.001) and a significant interaction of gender over time ( p < 0.001) on improvements in levels of psychological distress. Survival analysis showed that the probability of remaining on substances at 12 months was 0.76 (95% CI: 0.69–0.81) and 0.51 (95% CI: 0.42–0.59) at 24 months. At 12 months, fewer female patients remained using substances compared to male ( p < 0.01). Conclusion: To be most effective, programmes and strategies for children and youth in street situations in developing countries should target both their health and social needs.
Effects of Fetal Bovine Serum deprivation in cell cultures on the production of Anticarsia gemmatalis Multinucleopolyhedrovirus
Authors: Mengual Gómez Diego L , Belaich Mariano N , Rodríguez Vanina A , Ghiringhelli Pablo D 
Published: September 2010

Abstract

Background

Anticarsia gemmatalis is a pest in South America's soybean crops, which could be controlled by the Multinucleopolyhedrovirus of A. gemmatalis (AgMNPV). Currently, its commercial production is based on infected larvae. However, the possibility of using modified baculoviruses in Integrated Pest Management programs has stimulated an interest to develop alternative multiplication processes. This study evaluated the AgMNPV production in UFL-Ag-286 cells previously deprived Fetal Bovine Serum.

Results
Culture media containing 1% FBS during the previous 48 hours achieved a synchronized condition where 90% of cells were found in G0/G1 stage, showing the presence of non-filamentous actin. All characteristics were estimated from cellular viability tests, cell actin detection trials and flow cytometer cell cycle analysis. AgMNPV production was tested by transcript studies and budded viruses (BVs) and occlusion bodies (OBs) yield quantitation. Results showed that the productivity in FBS deprived cells was 9.8 times more in BVs and 3.8 times more in OBs with respect to non-treated cells.

Conclusions
UFL-Ag-286 cells previously deprived in FBS shown to be a better host for AgMNPV propagation, increasing the useful for both in vitro bioinsecticide production and applications such as recombinant protein expression or gene delivery.
Nuclear export regulation of COP1 by 14-3-3σ in response to DNA damage
Authors: Su Chun-Hui , Zhao Ruiying , Velazquez-Torres Guermarie , Chen Jian , Gully Christopher , Yeung Sai-Ching J , Lee Mong-Hong 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Mammalian constitutive photomorphogenic 1 (COP1) is a p53 E3 ubiquitin ligase involved in regulating p53 protein level. In plants, the dynamic cytoplasm/nucleus distribution of COP1 is important for its function in terms of catalyzing the degradation of target proteins. In mammalian cells, the biological consequence of cytoplasmic distribution of COP1 is not well characterized. Here, we show that DNA damage leads to the redistribution of COP1 to the cytoplasm and that 14-3-3σ, a p53 target gene product, controls COP1 subcellular localization. Investigation of the underlying mechanism suggests that COP1 S387 phosphorylation is required for COP1 to bind 14-3-3σ. Significantly, upon DNA damage, 14-3-3σ binds to phosphorylated COP1 at S387, resulting in COP1's accumulation in the cytoplasm. Cytoplasmic COP1 localization leads to its enhanced ubiquitination. We also show that N-terminal 14-3-3σ interacts with COP1 and promotes COP1 nuclear export through its NES sequence. Further, we show that COP1 is important in causing p53 nuclear exclusion. Finally, we demonstrate that 14-3-3σ targets COP1 for nuclear export, thereby preventing COP1-mediated p53 nuclear export. Together, these results define a novel, detailed mechanism for the subcellular localization and regulation of COP1 after DNA damage and provide a mechanistic explanation for the notion that 14-3-3σ's impact on the inhibition of p53 E3 ligases is an important step for p53 stabilization after DNA damage.
Seroprevalence of hepatitis B and C virus in HIV-1 and HIV-2 infected Gambians
Authors: Jobarteh Modou , Malfroy Marine , Peterson Ingrid , Jeng Adam , Sarge-Njie Ramu , Alabi Abraham , Peterson Kevin , Cotten Matt , Hall Andrew , Rowland-Jones Sarah , Whittle Hilton , Tedder Richard , Jaye Assan , Mendy Maimuna 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBackgroundThe prevalence of HIV/hepatitis co-infection in sub-Saharan Africa is not well documented, while both HIV and HBV are endemic in this area.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to determine the seroprevalence of HBV and HCV virus in HIV-infected subjects in the Gambia.MethodsPlasma samples from HIV infected patients (190 individuals with clinically defined AIDS and 382 individuals without AIDS) were tested retrospectively for the presence of HBV sero-markers and for serum HBV DNA, screened for HCV infection by testing for anti-HCV antibody and HCV RNA.ResultsHBsAg prevalence in HIV-positive individuals is 12.2%. HIV/HBV co-infected individuals with CD4 count of <200 cells uL-1 have a higher HBV DNA viral load than patients with higher CD4 count (log 4.0 vs. log 2.0 DNA copies/ml, p < 0.05). Males (OR = 1.8, 95% CI: 1.0, 3.2) were more likely to be HBsAg positive than female. HCV seroprevalence was 0.9% in HIV-positive individuals.ConclusionThe prevalence of HBsAg carriage in HIV- infected Gambians is similar to that obtained in the general population. However co-infected individuals with reduced CD4 levels, indicative of AIDS had higher prevalence of HBeAg retention and elevated HBV DNA levels compared to non-AIDS patients with higher CD4 count.
Longitudinal assessment of cyst-like lesions of the knee and their relation to radiographic osteoarthritis and MRI-detected effusion and synovitis in patients with knee pain
Authors: Hayashi Daichi , Roemer Frank W , Dhina Zineb , Kwoh C Kent , Hannon Michael J , Moore Carolyn , Guermazi Ali 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Introduction
The purpose of the present study was to determine the prevalence of cystic lesions and cyst-like bursitides in subjects with frequent knee pain and to assess their relation to radiographic osteoarthritis (OA) severity; to describe bilaterality and size fluctuation of the lesions over 6 months; and to assess relations between the prevalence of synovium-lined lesions communicating with the joint capsule and severity of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-detected effusion and synovitis.

Methods
One hundred and sixty-three subjects (total 319 knees) aged 35 to 65 with chronic, frequent knee pain were included. Imaging with 3 Tesla MRI was performed at baseline and 6-month follow-up with the same protocols as those used in the Osteoarthritis Initiative. Severity of radiographic OA was assessed using the Kellgren-Lawrence grade (0 to 4). Severity of effusion and synovitis was graded 0 to 3 based on the Whole Organ Magnetic Resonance Imaging Score system. The associations of cysts and cyst-like bursitides and severity of radiographic OA, MRI-detected effusion and synovitis were analyzed using logistic regression controlling for clustering by person. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to determine whether there was a significant change in the size of lesions between baseline and follow-up.

Results
At least one lesion (any type) was present in 222 (70%) knees. The most prevalent lesions were popliteal cysts (40%, 128/319), followed by subgastrocnemius bursitis (15%, 49/319) and proximal tibiofibular joint cysts (8%, 26/319). Bilateral lesions were seen in 49% of the subjects. Only popliteal cysts and subgastrocnemius bursitis showed a significant change in size (P < 0.001). No trend was observed between prevalence of any of the cyst-like lesions analyzed and the increasing radiographic OA severity. Increasing prevalence of subgastrocnemius bursitis was associated with increasing severity of effusion (P = 0.0072) and synovitis (P = 0.0033).

Conclusions
None of the cyst-like lesions analyzed seems to be a marker of radiographic OA severity in knees with chronic frequent pain. Subgastrocnemius bursitis may be used as a marker of effusion/synovitis severity. Bilateral cyst-like lesions are relatively commonly observed in people with chronic knee pain.
Mitiglinide: A Novel Agent for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Phillippe Haley M , Wargo Kurt A 
Published: September 2010

Objective: To review the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety of mitiglinide, a rapid-acting insulin secretion-stimulating agent to determine its potential role in therapy for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Data Sources: A MEDLINE search (1966–May 2010) was conducted for English-language, human studies using the terms mitiglinide, KAD 1229, S 21403, and meglitinide analogs. Abstracts presented at the American Association and European Association for the Study of Diabetes annual meetings from 2005 to 2009 were also evaluated for relevant data. Study Selection and Data Extraction: Articles pertinent to the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety of mitiglinide were reviewed. Data Synthesis: Mitiglinide has been shown through small clinical studies (N <400) to modestly decrease hemoglobin A1c, postprandial hyperglycemia, and oxidative stress and inflammatory markers associated with postprandial hyperglycemia. Mitiglinide exerts its hypoglycemic activity by closing adenosine triphosphate (ATP)–sensitive potassium channels in the β-islet cells of the pancreas. This agent has a rapid onset and short duration of action, mimicking a physiologic pattern of insulin release in nondiabetic people. Studies suggest a starting dose of 5 mg 3 times daily with meals and a maximum dose of 20 mg 3 times daily. Overall, mitiglinide is well tolerated, with the most common adverse effect being hypoglycemia. Conclusions: Mitiglinide is the third agent in the class of meglitinides that targets postprandial hyperglycemia. Because of a more intensive dosing regimen, potential cost, and lack of studies assessing the clinical impact of mitiglinide therapy on oxidative stress and inflammatory markers secondary to postprandial hyperglycemia, we cannot recommend this therapy over currently approved therapies.
Efavirenz Plasma Concentrations and Cytochrome 2B6 Polymorphisms
Authors: Lindfelt Tristan , O'Brien John , Song Jessica C , Patel Rajul , Winslow Dean L 
Published: September 2010

Background:Interpatient variability in efavirenz concentrations may be due to CYP2B6 genetic polymorphisms. Efavirenz concentration and pharmacogenomic data are scarce in Latino patients.Objective:To evaluate the difference in trough and midpoint efavirenz plasma concentrations between HIV-positive Latino and white patients. In addition, this study evaluated the association between efavirenz concentrations and CYP2B6 polymorphisms in Latino and white HIV-positive subjects.Methods:This pilot study included 10 Latinos and 10 whites. Two efavirenz blood concentrations were determined: a trough and a midpoint. CYP2B6 genetic polymorphisms were analyzed at the 516 (G to T) and 785 (A to G) codons. The Mann-Whitney test was used to determine whether efavirenz concentrations varied with ethnicity. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to determine whether efavirenz concentrations varied with CYP2B6 genetic polymorphisms. Efavirenz concentrations were expressed as medians (minimum, maximum).Results:Midpoint concentrations were 1.58 μg/mL (1.36, 6.02) and 3.14 μg/mL (1.74, 7.72) for whites and Latinos, respectively (p < 0.05). Trough concentrations did not vary as a function of ethnicity. Ten percent of Latinos and whites tested positive for homozygous variants of CYP2B6-516 and CYP2B6-785. One white subject tested positive for the homozygous variant of CYP2B6-1459. Trough concentrations for 516TT, 516GT, and 516GG (wild type) were 5.13 μg/mL (4.13, 6.12), 2.13 μg/mL (1.33, 3.37), and 1.44 μg/mL (0.59, 2.92), respectively (p < 0.05). Trough concentrations for 785GG, 785AG, and 785AA (wild type) were 5.12 μg/mL (4.13, 6.12), 1.98 μg/mL (1.33, 3.37), and 1.27 μg/mL (0.59, 2.92), respectively (p < 0.05). None of the patients took concomitant medications that impacted CYP2B6 metabolism.Conclusions:Trough efavirenz concentrations were significantly higher in patients with the 785 (A to G) and 516 (G to T) variants. Midpoint efavirenz concentrations in Latinos were significantly higher than those of whites.