bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heterografting enhances chrysanthemum resistance to Alternaria alternata via jasmonate-mediated increases in trichomes and terpenoids
Authors: Li Wenjie , Zhan Qingling , Guan Yunxiao , Wang Likai , Li Song , Zheng Shanhu , Ma Hongyu , Liu Ye , Ding Lian , Zhao Shuang , Wang Zhenxing , Jiang Jiafu , Fang Weimin , Chen Fadi , Chen Sumei , Guan Zhiyong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Trichomes are specialized hair-like structures in the epidermal cells of the above-ground parts of plants and help to protect them from pests and pathogens, and produce valuable metabolites. Chrysanthemum morifolium, which is used in tea products, has both ornamental and medicinal value; however, it is susceptible to infection by the fungus Alternaria alternata, which can result in substantial economic losses. Increasing the density of glandular trichomes enhances disease resistance and improves the production of medicinal metabolites in chrysanthemums, and jasmonate (JA) is known to promote the formation of trichomes in various plants. However, it remains unclear whether glandular trichomes in chrysanthemums are regulated by JA. In addition, grafting, a technique that can improve plant resistance to biotic stresses, has been poorly examined for its impact on glandular trichomes, terpenoids, and disease resistance. In this study, we demonstrate that grafting with Artemisia vulgaris rootstocks improves the resistance of chrysanthemum scions to A. alternata. Heterografted chrysanthemums exhibited higher trichome density and terpenoid content compared to self-grafted counterparts. Transcriptome analysis highlighted the significant role of CmJAZ1-like in disease resistance in heterografted chrysanthemums. Lines overexpressing CmJAZ1-like exhibited sensitivity to A. alternata, and this was characterized by reduced glandular trichome density and limited terpenoid content. Conversely, CmJAZ1-like silenced lines exhibited resistance to A. alternata and showed increased glandular trichome density and terpenoid content. Higher JA content was found in the heterografted chrysanthemum scions compared to self-grafted ones. Furthermore, we established that JA promoted the development of glandular trichomes and the synthesis of terpenoids while also inducing the degradation of CmJAZ1-like proteins in chrysanthemums. Our findings suggest that higher JA increases trichome density and terpenoid content, thereby enhancing resistance to A. alternata by regulating CmJAZ1-like in heterografted chrysanthemums.
Aether Scalar Tensor (AeST) theory: quasistatic spherical solutions and their phenomenology
Authors: Verwayen Peter , Skordis Constantinos , Bœhm Céline 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
There have been many efforts in the last three decades to embed the empirical Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) programme into a robust theoretical framework. While many such theories can explain the profile of galactic rotation curves, they usually cannot explain the evolution of the primordial fluctuations and the formation of large-scale structures in the Universe. The Aether Scalar Tensor theory seems to have overcome this difficulty, thereby providing the first compelling example of an extension of general relativity able to successfully challenge the particle dark matter hypothesis. Here, we study the phenomenology of this theory in the quasistatic weak-field regime and specifically for the idealized case of spherical isolated sources. We find the existence of three distinct gravitational regimes, that is, Newtonian, MOND, and a third regime characterized by the presence of oscillations in the gravitational potential which do not exist in the traditional MOND paradigm. We identify the transition scales between these three regimes and discuss their dependence on the boundary conditions and other parameters in the theory. Aided by analytical and numerical solutions, we explore the dependence of these solutions on the theory parameters. Our results could help in searching for interesting observable phenomena at low redshift pertaining to galaxy dynamics as well as lensing observations, however, this may warrant proper N-body simulations that go beyond the idealized case of spherical isolated sources.
Estimation of stellar mass and star formation rate based on galaxy images
Authors: Zhong Jing , Deng Zhijie , Li Xiangru , Wang Lili , Yang Haifeng , Li Hui , Zhao Xirong 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
It is crucial for a deeper understanding of the formation and evolution of galaxies in the Universe to study stellar mass (M*) and star formation rate (SFR). Traditionally, astronomers infer the properties of galaxies from spectra, which are highly informative, but expensive and hard to be obtained. Fortunately, modern sky surveys obtained a vast amount of high-spatial-resolution photometric images. The photometric images are obtained relatively economically than spectra, and it is very helpful for related studies if M* and SFR can be estimated from photometric images. Therefore, this paper conducted some preliminary researches and explorations on this regard. We constructed a deep learning model named Galaxy Efficient Network (GalEffNet) for estimating integrated M* and specific star formation rate (sSFR) from Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument galaxy images. The GalEffNet primarily consists of a general feature extraction module and a parameter feature extractor. The research results indicate that the proposed GalEffNet exhibits good performance in estimating M* and sSFR, with σ reaching 0.218 and 0.410 dex. To further assess the robustness of the network, prediction uncertainty was performed. The results show that our model maintains good consistency within a reasonable bias range. We also compared the performance of various network architectures and further tested the proposed scheme using image sets with various resolutions and wavelength bands. Furthermore, we conducted applicability analysis on galaxies of various sizes, redshifts, and morphological types. The results indicate that our model performs well across galaxies with various characteristics and indicate its potentials of broad applicability.
Iron-sulfur protein odyssey: exploring their cluster functional versatility and challenging identification
Authors: Vallières Cindy , Benoit Orane , Guittet Olivier , Huang Meng-Er , Lepoivre Michel , Golinelli-Cohen Marie-Pierre , Vernis Laurence 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters are an essential and ubiquitous class of protein-bound prosthetic centers that are involved in a broad range of biological processes (e.g. respiration, photosynthesis, DNA replication and repair and gene regulation) performing a wide range of functions including electron transfer, enzyme catalysis, and sensing. In a general manner, Fe-S clusters can gain or lose electrons through redox reactions, and are highly sensitive to oxidation, notably by small molecules such as oxygen and nitric oxide. The [2Fe-2S] and [4Fe-4S] clusters, the most common Fe-S cofactors, are typically coordinated by four amino acid side chains from the protein, usually cysteine thiolates, but other residues (e.g. histidine, aspartic acid) can also be found. While diversity in cluster coordination ensures the functional variety of the Fe-S clusters, the lack of conserved motifs makes new Fe-S protein identification challenging especially when the Fe-S cluster is also shared between two proteins as observed in several dimeric transcriptional regulators and in the mitoribosome. Thanks to the recent development of in cellulo, in vitro, and in silico approaches, new Fe-S proteins are still regularly identified, highlighting the functional diversity of this class of proteins. In this review, we will present three main functions of the Fe-S clusters and explain the difficulties encountered to identify Fe-S proteins and methods that have been employed to overcome these issues.
Exploring Different Types of Music Cues for Arm Movements in Adults with Parkinson’s
Authors: Smith Ryan A , Davis Naomi , Lagasse A Blythe 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Music therapists may use auditory cueing to facilitate movement exercises when working on motor goals with adults with Parkinson’s disease (PD). There is minimal research, however, comparing the effects of different auditory cueing techniques on the kinematic parameters of movements in adults with PD. The purpose of this exploratory study was to compare how rhythmic and sonified musical cues impact the smoothness and path variance of a repetitive, volitional arm movement in adults with PD. Seven adults with PD and 10 neurotypical adults completed 3 trials of a repetitive arm-reaching task in each of the 3 auditory cueing conditions. The position of each participant’s wrist was recorded in 3 dimensions using an infrared motion capture system. Data from the motion capture system were processed for normalized jerk (NJ) and spatiotemporal index (STI). No significant differences in STI or NJ were observed between groups in the no cueing condition. Repeated measures analyses revealed no significant differences in NJ or STI for the PD group across conditions. Participant-level analysis of the PD group revealed a trend of less efficient movement performance in the rhythmic cueing condition and improved movement performance in the sonified cueing condition. These findings warrant further research to inform music therapists’ use of auditory-motor cueing.
Health-related quality of life with sacituzumab govitecan in HR+/HER2− metastatic breast cancer in the phase III TROPiCS-02 trial
Authors: Rugo Hope S , Schmid Peter , Tolaney Sara M , Dalenc Florence , Marmé Frederik , Shi Ling , Verret Wendy , Shah Anuj , Gharaibeh Mahdi , Bardia Aditya , Cortes Javier 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
The TROPiCS-02 study (NCT03901339) demonstrated that sacituzumab govitecan (SG) has superior clinical outcomes over treatment of physician’s choice (TPC) chemotherapy in patients with hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor 2 receptor-negative (HR+/HER2−) metastatic breast cancer (mBC). Here, we present health-related quality of life (HRQoL) patient-reported outcome (PRO) findings from this study.

Patients and Methods
Eligible adults with HR+/HER2− mBC who previously received a taxane, endocrine-based therapy, a CDK4/6 inhibitor, and 2-4 lines of chemotherapy were randomized 1:1 to receive SG or TPC until progression or unacceptable toxicity. PROs were assessed at baseline and on day 1 of each cycle, using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality-of-Life Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30), EQ-5D-5L, and PRO Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (PRO-CTCAE).

Results
Compared to TPC, overall least square mean change from baseline was significantly better for SG for physical functioning and dyspnea, but worse for diarrhea. Time to first clinically meaningful worsening or death was significantly longer for SG in global health status/quality of life, physical functioning, fatigue, emotional functioning, dyspnea, insomnia, and financial difficulties of the EORTC QLQ-C30 and the EQ-VAS, but longer for TPC in diarrhea. Few patients in both arms reported experiencing any worsening to level 3 or 4 treatment-related symptomatic events during treatment, as assessed by 16 PRO-CTCAE items, except for diarrhea frequency and amount of hair loss, which favored TPC.

Conclusions
SG was associated with an HRQoL benefit in most symptoms and functioning, compared with TPC. This supports the favorable profile of SG as a treatment option for patients with pretreated HR+/HER2− mBC.
Trading acyls and swapping sugars: metabolic innovations in Solanum trichomes
Authors: Fiesel Paul D , Kerwin Rachel E , Jones A Daniel , Last Robert L 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Solanaceae (nightshade family) species synthesize a remarkable array of clade- and tissue-specific specialized metabolites. Protective acylsugars, one such class of structurally diverse metabolites, are produced by ACYLSUGAR ACYLTRANSFERASE (ASAT) enzymes from sugars and acyl-coenzyme A esters. Published research has revealed trichome acylsugars composed of glucose and sucrose cores in species across the family. In addition, acylsugars have been analyzed across a small fraction of the &gt;1,200 species in the phenotypically megadiverse Solanum genus, with a handful containing inositol and glycosylated inositol cores. The current study sampled several dozen species across subclades of Solanum to get a more detailed view of acylsugar chemodiversity. In depth characterization of acylsugars from the clade II species brinjal eggplant (Solanum melongena) led to the identification of eight unusual structures with inositol or inositol glycoside cores and hydroxyacyl chains. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of 31 additional species in the Solanum genus revealed striking acylsugar diversity, with some traits restricted to specific clades and species. Acylinositols and inositol-based acyldisaccharides were detected throughout much of the genus. In contrast, acylglucoses and acylsucroses were more restricted in distribution. Analysis of tissue-specific transcriptomes and interspecific acylsugar acetylation differences led to the identification of the brinjal eggplant ASAT 3-LIKE 1 (SmASAT3-L1; SMEL4.1_12g015780) enzyme. This enzyme is distinct from previously characterized acylsugar acetyltransferases, which are in the ASAT4 clade, and appears to be a functionally divergent ASAT3. This study provides a foundation for investigating the evolution and function of diverse Solanum acylsugar structures and harnessing this diversity in breeding and synthetic biology.
Shadow Hamiltonians of Structure-Preserving Integrators for Nambu Mechanics
Authors: Horikoshi Atsushi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Symplectic integrators are widely implemented numerical integrators for Hamiltonian mechanics, which preserve the Hamiltonian structure (symplecticity) of the system. Although the symplectic integrator does not conserve the energy of the system, it is well known that there exists a conserving modified Hamiltonian, called the shadow Hamiltonian. For the Nambu mechanics, which is a kind of generalized Hamiltonian mechanics, we can also construct structure-preserving integrators by the same procedure used to construct the symplectic integrators. In the structure-preserving integrator, however, the existence of shadow Hamiltonians is nontrivial. This is because the Nambu mechanics is driven by multiple Hamiltonians and it is nontrivial whether the time evolution by the integrator can be cast into the Nambu mechanical time evolution driven by multiple shadow Hamiltonians. In this paper we present a general procedure to calculate the shadow Hamiltonians of structure-preserving integrators for Nambu mechanics, and give an example where the shadow Hamiltonians exist. This is the first attempt to determine the concrete forms of the shadow Hamiltonians for a Nambu mechanical system. We show that the fundamental identity, which corresponds to the Jacobi identity in Hamiltonian mechanics, plays an important role in calculating the shadow Hamiltonians using the Baker–Campbell–Hausdorff formula. It turns out that the resulting shadow Hamiltonians have indefinite forms depending on how the fundamental identities are used. This is not a technical artifact, because the exact shadow Hamiltonians obtained independently have the same indefiniteness.
‘It’s a who-you-know thing’: interactional fraud prevention in non-bank check cashing
Authors: Puchalski Vance Alan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This article demonstrates how presentations of self and the information conveyed within them are a conduit for risk evaluation within the marketplace. Using the case of check cashing, it investigates customer screening within the Detroit area’s most prevalent non-bank check cashing businesses, which are not standalone check cashing outlets but rather corner convenience and liquor stores known as ‘party stores’. Without algorithmic techniques based on hard or quantitative data, how do owners screen customers to prevent fraud? Drawing on 35 months of ethnographic fieldwork, this article uncovers two strategies toward this end: (a) gathering private information about customers through small talk; and (b) assessing check cashers’ presentations of self. Analyzing check cashing and fraud in this setting speaks to theoretical perspectives of risk evaluation by presenting a case of interactional fraud prevention, which highlights the interpersonal, interactional mechanisms through which soft information is exchanged and assessed in ex ante screening.
Pioneering a multi-phase framework to harmonize self-reported sleep data across cohorts
Authors: Wallace Meredith L , Redline Susan , Oryshkewych Nina , Hoepel Sanne J W , Luik Annemarie I , Stone Katie L , Kolko Rachel P , Chung Joon , Leng Yue , Robbins Rebecca , Zhang Ying , Barnes Lisa L , Lim Andrew S , Yu Lan , Buysse Daniel J 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Study Objectives
Harmonizing and aggregating data across studies enables pooled analyses that support external validation and enhance replicability and generalizability. However, the multidimensional nature of sleep poses challenges for data harmonization and aggregation. Here we describe and implement our process for harmonizing self-reported sleep data.

Methods
We established a multi-phase framework to harmonize self-reported sleep data: (1) compile items, (2) group items into domains, (3) harmonize items, and (4) evaluate harmonizability. We applied this process to produce a pooled multi-cohort sample of five US cohorts plus a separate yet fully harmonized sample from Rotterdam, Netherlands. Sleep and sociodemographic data are described and compared to demonstrate the utility of harmonization and aggregation.

Results
We collected 190 unique self-reported sleep items and grouped them into 15 conceptual domains. Using these domains as guiderails, we developed 14 harmonized items measuring aspects of satisfaction, alertness/sleepiness, timing, efficiency, duration, insomnia, and sleep apnea. External raters determined that 13 of these 14 items had moderate-to-high harmonizability. Alertness/Sleepiness items had lower harmonizability, while continuous, quantitative items (e.g. timing, total sleep time, and efficiency) had higher harmonizability. Descriptive statistics identified features that are more consistent (e.g. wake-up time and duration) and more heterogeneous (e.g. time in bed and bedtime) across samples.

Conclusions
Our process can guide researchers and cohort stewards toward effective sleep harmonization and provide a foundation for further methodological development in this expanding field. Broader national and international initiatives promoting common data elements across cohorts are needed to enhance future harmonization and aggregation efforts.
Adverse Childhood Experiences, Women Who Are Sex Trafficked, and Social Service Utilization: Implications for Social Work
Authors: Meshelemiah Jacquelyn C A , Dellor Elinam , Karandikar Sharvari , Munshi Additti , Barboza-Salerno Gia , Steinke Hannah Ruth 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the associations between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and the high levels of social service usage by women who are sex trafficked. Fifty (N = 50) women who were sex trafficked were surveyed using purposive and snowball sampling methods. The ACEs score for respondents ranged from 2 to 10 with an average score of 7.4 (SD = 2.3). Emotional and sexual abuse tied at 88 percent as the most frequently cited ACEs among the women in this sample. The prevalence of ACEs was significantly higher in this sample compared with known estimates in similar populations, ranging from 20 percent to 54 percent (p &lt; .001). Considering the well-established link between ACEs and poor health outcomes, these findings point to the need for innovative and targeted social service provisions to women who were formerly sex trafficked that take into consideration the high level of ACEs of the women. Given the sociodemographic diversity of this sample, there is a need for services that are trauma-informed, innovative, and culturally sensitive in a variety of social service settings.
The COVID-19 pandemic impacted the activities of the Schistosomiasis Control Program in Brazil: is the goal of controlling the disease by 2030 at risk?
Authors: Andrade Lucas Almeida , da Paz Wandklebson Silva , Ramos Rosália E Santos , de Santana Welde N Borges , Juvêncio da Rocha Thuelly , Damasceno Flávia Silva , Dantas dos Santos Allan , Tavares Débora dos Santos , Feliciano do Carmo Rodrigo , de Souza Carlos Dornels Freire , Negrão-Corrêa Deborah Aparecida , Fujiwara Ricardo Toshio , Silva-Júnior Abelardo , Porto Wagnner José Nascimento , Bezerra-Santos Márcio 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Schistosomiasis continues to represent a serious public health problem in Brazil. With the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, several control strategies were suspended, probably compromising the goals of eradicating the disease in the country. We aimed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Schistosomiasis Control Program (PCE) actions in all endemic states of Brazil.

Methods
We performed an ecological study using spatial analysis techniques. The PCE variables assessed were the population surveyed, the number of Kato–Katz tests, positive cases of schistosomiasis and the percentage of cases treated between 2015 and 2021. The percent change was calculated to verify if there was an increase or decrease in 2020 and 2021, along with time trend analyses provided by the Joinpoint model. Spatial distribution maps were elaborated considering the percent change.

Results
The surveyed population decreased in 2020 (−65.38%) and 2021 (−37.94%) across Brazil. There was a proportional reduction in the number of Kato–Katz tests (2020, −67.48%; 2021, −40.52%), a decrease in the percentage of positive cases (2020, −71.16%; 2021, −40.5%) and a reduction in the percentage of treated cases (2020, −72.09%; 2021, −41.67%). Time trend analyses showed a decreasing trend in most PCE variables.

Conclusions
The PCE activities were impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil and PCE strategies must be urgently reviewed, focusing on investments in all endemic areas.
Updates in the care and management of children and adolescents with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Silva Clovis A. , Aikawa Nadia E. , Bonfa Eloisa 
Published: May 2024

Purpose of reviewThis narrative review offers an update of the most important recent articles published in the previous year of childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE), focusing on care and management.Recent findingsAge-related disparities may play a significant role in the clinical and laboratory characteristics of cSLE, as well as its performance in distinct classification criteria. Monogenic lupus is associated with higher disease damage scores and mortality rate compared to sporadic cSLE. Adolescent face unique challenges, with comorbid psychiatric diagnosis, low resilience and nonadherence posing relevant challenges. A recent international task force has outlined pivotal principles and points-to-consider for treat-to-target (T2T) in cSLE patients. While the past year did yield new randomized controlled trial for cSLE treatment, publications focused on broader management strategies, including the impact of ultraviolet radiation exposure, immunization, and strict blood pressure control. Additionally, case reports and series have evaluated the efficacy/safety profiles of both available and emerging treatments.SummaryCurrent studies highlighted the various facets of cSLE, epidemiology, clinical, laboratory, classification criteria, adolescent issues, prognosis, surveillance, T2T approach and drug management. Despite notable progress, the scarcity of randomized trials emphasizes the need to delineate safer and more efficacious treatment modalities in cSLE.