bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding the Regulatory Approach of the Cyber Resilience Act: Protection of Fundamental Rights in Disguise?
Authors: Chiara Pier Giorgio 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The swift proliferation of connected devices in the Internal Market brought attention to their weak cybersecurity standard, reflected by widespread and oftentimes unpatched vulnerabilities and successful cyberattacks. Attacks on cyber-physical systems have a critical impact not only on the Union’s economy but also on consumers’ health, safety, and fundamental rights. Against the background of the failure of the cybersecurity market of connected devices, the 10 December 2024 entered into force Regulation (EU) 2024/2847 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2024 on horizontal cybersecurity requirements for products with digital elements (Cyber Resilience Act, CRA). After casting light on the three regulatory foundational choices underpinning this EU legal act in the field of cybersecurity (ie, horizontal approach, risk-based approach, product safety approach), the article investigates the extent to which the CRA enhances the protection of fundamental rights, as claimed in the Explanatory Memorandum of the Commission’s proposal.
Late Pleistocene pedogenesis and loess magnetism in northwestern Ukraine
Authors: Bonchkovskyi Oleksandr , Hlavatskyi Dmytro 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The central European loess-paleosol sequence (Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage (MIS) 6–2) at three sites located in northwestern Ukraine, in the transitional area between the oceanic and continental climates, has been studied using micromorphological, grain-size, pollen, and magnetic methods. The sequence is characterized by a well-developed pedocomplex S1 (correlative of MIS 5), comprising four soils, and three interstadial soils within loess L1 (MIS 4–2). The soils of S1 are synsedimentary, indicating a dynamic depositional environment with pulses of aeolian sand sedimentation from late MIS 6 to MIS 5a. From various cryogenic features, the permafrost aggradation for MIS 6, 4, and 2, and deep seasonal freezing for MIS 5d and 5b were reconstructed. Distinct redoximorphic features of the loess units, widespread solifluction, well-developed periglacial phenomena, and very low magnetic susceptibility values for the loess-paleosol sequence of northwestern Ukraine reveal its similarity to those of the central European loess subdomain of the northern European loess belt. The low concentration of ferrimagnetic minerals in the parent material and intensive processes of physical and chemical weathering are reflected in the specific model of magnetic enhancement of the studied sequence, which is transitional between the “Chinese” (pedogenic) and “Alaskan” (reducing-pedogenic) models.
Party Behaviour and the Gender Voting Gap
Authors: Di Landro Gonzalo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
How does party support for gender equality in the labour market affect the gender voting gap? A well-established argument from the literature on gender and political behaviour states that working women tend to vote for left-wing parties more than men because they are stronger supporters of the welfare state. However, no study has assessed whether parties’ welfare positions affect the gender voting gap. Leveraging three decades of public opinion data from sixteen Western democracies, I provide evidence in support of that claim: increases in women’s labour force participation are associated with higher female/male voter ratios for the left, but only when those parties strongly support gender-egalitarian policies in the labour market. These findings confirm and add nuance to the previous understanding of the gap: by focusing on public opinion, previous research overlooked party behaviour. Therefore, my evidence elevates the importance of party strategy in explaining gender differences in voting.
Multidimensional Party Polarization in Europe: Cross-Cutting Divides and Effective Dimensionality
Authors: Koedam Jelle , Binding Garret , Steenbergen Marco R. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Ideological polarization between political parties is essential for meaningful electoral competition, but at its extreme can strain democratic functioning. Despite a widespread recognition that multiple divides structure contemporary party polarization in Europe, its prevailing conceptualization and measurement remain one-dimensional. To resolve this tension, we introduce a novel, multidimensional approach to party polarization. Our main focus is on whether different ideological divides reinforce or crosscut each other. We calculate the effective dimensionality of a policy space using the correlation matrix of parties’ positions, which accounts for how the dimensions interrelate. Using both artificial data and positional estimates from the Chapel Hill Expert Survey (1999–2019), we highlight the advantages of our approach and demonstrate that it is better able to capture the relationship between party polarization and mass partisanship. This study has important theoretical, methodological, and empirical implications for our understanding of polarization and democratic representation in a changing political landscape.
Examining Voting Spillover Effects of Text Message Reminders
Authors: Lindgren Karl-Oskar , Nyman Pär , Oskarsson Sven 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We present results from a pre-registered, well-powered

$(N \gt 3,000,000)$

text message get-out-the-vote (GOTV) experiment, conducted during the 2019 European Parliament election in Sweden. Our findings suggest that a simple text message increases the likelihood of voting by 0.3 percentage points. Half of this effect spills over to untreated household members while workplace spillovers are near zero. Subsequent analysis reveals that the direct treatment effect is noticeably stronger among individuals with below-average voting propensities. Interestingly, within this same group, the household spillovers are significantly negative. We speculate and provide some indirect evidence, that these negative spillover effects may stem from the text message reminder influencing the behaviour of voters already motivated to vote. Above all, we propose that an increase in early voting, as opposed to voting on Election Day, among treated individuals may weaken the mechanisms thought to explain spillover effects since voters are less likely to bring their family members with them when voting early.
Mortality Salience and the Treatment of the Dead in Messenia, from the Middle Helladic to the Late Helladic Period
Authors: Zikidi Claire 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Behavioural studies suggest that awareness of one's mortality, known as mortality salience, enhances the inclination to respond positively to prevailing societal values, fostering an adherence to social practices, for example, the treatment of the dead. Nevertheless, when acceptance of these societal values wanes, there is an increased motivation for their modification. This results in a series of subtle changes that eventually reshape the entire set of practices that define a community's social identity. This paper delves into the impact of mortality salience on the emergence, maintenance, and evolution of mortuary practices in south and west Messenia during the Middle Helladic and Late Helladic periods (c. 2050/2000 bce to 1200/1190 bce). This analysis explores how individuals addressed their mortality salience by adjusting their proximal (e.g. practices) and distal (e.g. ideology) defences. Moreover, it incorporates the notion of the ‘taming of the terror’, suggesting that individuals may adopt new practices as a strategy to manage or alleviate the fear associated with mortality. The analysis explores the introduction of new practices, providing valuable insights into how people navigate and comprehend the existential challenges brought about by the recognition of their mortality.
Lithosphere‐Asthenosphere Interaction Beneath the Southeastern Tibetan Plateau From Joint Rayleigh and S Wave Tomography
Authors: Yang Xiaozhou , Jiang Chengxin , Luo Yinhe , Chu Risheng , Yang Yingjie 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe ongoing convergence between the Indian and the Eurasian plates has caused significant lithospheric shortening and eastward expansion of the Tibetan Plateau. The Southeastern Tibetan Plateau (SETP), bordered by the Yangtze craton to the east and the subduction of the Indian plate beneath Myanmar to the southwest, plays a crucial role in accommodating this lateral growth. In this study, we construct a new upper mantle S‐wave velocity model beneath SETP by jointly inverting broadband (5–140 s) surface wave dispersion curves and teleseismic S‐wave traveltimes. Our model reveals two prominent high‐velocity anomalies in the upper mantle, differing from previous models' vertical extent. One anomaly beneath the Yangtze craton exhibits a separated two‐layered feature; while the other, beneath the South Chuan‐Dian Block (SCDB), extends continuously from the uppermost mantle to 300 km depth. These two deep‐rooted high‐velocity anomalies likely represent mechanically strong blocks modulating the plateau's asthenospheric flow. Two low‐velocity features that might be related to such mantle flow are imaged. One is identified at 100–200 km depth near the northwestern Sichuan basin, suggesting potential intrusion of asthenospheric material into the margins of the cratonic lithosphere. The other, a north‐south low‐velocity channel, is observed at 200–350 km depth beneath the western margin of the SCDB, indicating the southeastward mantle flow may be deflected by plume‐enhanced lithosphere beneath the SCDB, or suggesting a component of toroidal flow around the Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis. Our new model has significant implications for understanding the lithosphere‐asthenosphere interactions in the Tibetan Plateau and adjacent blocks.
State-behaviour feedbacks between boldness and food intake shape escape responses in fish (Gasterosteus aculeatus)
Authors: Planas-Sitjà Isaac , Ioannou Christos. C. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Consistent differences in intrinsic state, amplified through state-dependent behaviour, could explain the ubiquity of animal personality variation. Boldness is often positively associated with a high metabolism and food intake. Even though a high food consumption is known to compromise oxygen-demanding activities, the influence of food intake on anti-predator escape responses has rarely been considered. By conducting experiments with three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) in a setup with real-time tracking and a decoy heron predator, we show that bolder fish benefited from a higher food intake than shy fish, and reacted faster to a predator attack when food intake was the same before being attacked. However, a higher food intake slowed down the escape responses. These results shine light on how the fitness of shy and bold tactics could be balanced in the wild: the faster reaction of bold fish is impaired by their higher food consumption.
Time-on-task-related decrements in performance in the rodent continuous performance test are not caused by physical disengagement from the task
Authors: Li Ye , van Kralingen Thomas , Masi Megan , Villanueva Sanchez Brandon , Mitchell Beyonca , Johnson Joshua , Miranda-Barrientos Jorge , Rehg Jason , Martinowich Keri , Carr Gregory V. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Attention deficits, a hallmark of many neuropsychiatric disorders, significantly impair quality of life and functional outcome for patients. Continuous Performance Tests (CPTs) are widely used to assess attentional function in clinical settings and have been adapted for mice as the rodent Continuous Performance Test (rCPT). In this study, we combined traditional analyses of rCPT performance with markerless pose estimation using DeepLabCut and visual field analysis (VFA) to objectively measure the orientation of mice toward stimuli during rCPT sessions. Additionally, we extended the session length to assess performance decrements over time. Our findings show that extending rCPT sessions from 45–90 min results in a significant decline in performance in male mice, which aligns with performance decrements observed in clinical research. Importantly, physical engagement with the task remained relatively stable throughout the session, even as performance deteriorated. This suggests that the performance decline specifically reflects a time-on-task (TOT)-dependent vigilance decrement rather than physical disengagement. We also investigated the effects of amphetamine, an FDA-approved treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), on rCPT performance. Amphetamine significantly reduced false alarms without affecting orientation or physical engagement with task stimuli in both male and female mice. This improved rCPT performance in males, but not in females because hit rate also declined following amphetamine administration in females. Collectively, these findings validate a behavioral tracking platform for objectively measuring physical engagement in the rCPT and a task modification that accentuates TOT-dependent performance decrements, enhancing the translational value of the rCPT for studies related to human neuropsychiatric disorders.
Propagation dynamics of cline and gap states for spatially-periodic Lotka–Volterra competition systems in shifting media
Authors: Wang Hongyong , Ou Chunhua 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We study the propagation dynamics of a Lotka–Volterra competition system in which one growth rate behaves like a monotonically decreasing wave profile that shifts with a given speed and is also periodic in the first spatial variable, while the other growth rate behaves similarly, except that its profile is monotonically increasing with respect to the shifting variable. Furthermore, both growth functions are assumed to be sign-changed, which implies that the environments in which the species live switch spatially from ‘good’ regions (suitable for survival) to ‘bad’ regions (not suitable for survival) and vice versa. We reveal that the model admits a forced pulsating wave only when the forced speed lies within a finite interval

(

c
∗

,

c
∗

)

that contains zero. Biologically, this corresponds to the formation of a shifting cline. Moreover, we find that

c
∗

<
0

and

c
∗

>
0

can be calculated in terms of the Fisher-KPP speeds related to the linearized equations of each species. By applying a sliding technique, we show that the forced pulsating wave is unique. We also prove that the forced pulsating wave is Lyapunov-stable. Finally, the spreading dynamics of spatial gap formation in the two species are also investigated when the forced wave speed is either less than

c
∗

or greater that

c
∗

. We employ a novel approach to demonstrate how the species invade in response to a shifting environment.
Design of minor glide vehicle adaptive three-loop autopilot
Authors: Liao Chenzhong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The equations of motion of the glide vehicle under different aerodynamic conditions are established. Combined with the design method of the three-loop autopilot, the feedback parameters of the autopilot are designed from the open-loop performance indexes of the control system. The feedback parameters of the autopilot are designed with the optimization objective of the closed-loop performance parameters. A series of parameter matrices are obtained to realize the function of self-adaptation. The simulation results show that the design method proposed in this paper can make the three-loop autopilot obtain good open-loop performance and closed-loop performance, which has certain engineering application value.
Research on high-precision and high-speed filtration methods for synthetic cutting fluid
Authors: Yuan Shihua , Xu Qiang , Dai Bing , Li Yonggao , Wang Penghui 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
During the mechanical processing of large aluminum alloy parts, deterioration of synthetic cutting fluid accelerated by foreign impurities can easily lead to the surface corrosion phenomenon of aluminum alloy parts, affecting the surface quality of the parts. This work analyzed the improvement of synthetic cutting fluid performance under high-precision filtration by using a silicon carbide filter with 100 nm precision. After high-precision filtration, the residual rate of solid impurities in the synthetic cutting fluid was 0.09%, the residual rate of oil impurities was 4%, and the residual rate of microbial impurities was less than 1%. Besides, the main ingredients of synthetic cutting fluid were retained, and the corrosion inhibition performance of synthetic cutting fluid was restored from level D to level B, which satisfied the mechanical processing requirements of large aluminum alloy parts. Based on this, a filtration system that simultaneously achieved high precision and high speed was designed, with a filtration precision of 100 nm and a filtration speed of 5 t/h. This work provides theoretical support and design guidance for high-precision and high-speed purification methods and the reuse of fully synthetic cutting fluid.
The Abuse of Philosophy
Authors: Dyck Corey W. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter traces the development of the Pietistic system of thought and outline the principal contours of the metaphysics defended by Joachim Lange. The key figures in the development of Halle Pietism are introduced—Philipp Jakob Spener and August Hermann Francke—and their principal contributions to Pietist thought are considered, as also are their instructive responses to early accusations of a hostility towards philosophy. Joachim Lange would go on to become the primary belligerent on the Pietist side in the controversy with Wolff, and his early philosophical work is then taken up, which predated Wolff’s own full-dress presentation of his logic and metaphysics. Finally, the chapter shows how Lange’s subsequent engagement with Wolff had the wholly salutary effect of organically refining and expanding Lange’s philosophical views into a highly original, robust, and influential metaphysical system, one that takes the freedom of the human being, appropriately understood, as its principal foundation.
Chemotherapy-Associated Pseudocellulitis: A Case Series of Four Patients
Authors: Oscherwitz Max E , Read Madison , Pelia Josh , Edminister John R , Strowd Lindsay 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Pseudocellulitis is an umbrella term used to describe non-necrotizing inflammation of the dermis and hypodermis from a noninfectious etiology.1 As with other mimickers of cellulitis, it may lead to misdiagnosis, unnecessary workup, and unneeded antibiotic use.2,3 This case series describes four unique chemotherapy-associated pseudocellulitis (CAP) cases from an academic tertiary care institution and discusses ways to identify CAP.
Syntopy promotes song divergence in a Neotropical avian radiation
Authors: García-Navas Vicente , Martín del Campo Alba , Rodríguez-Rey Marta , Laiolo Paola 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Theory predicts that selection against maladaptive hybridization leads to divergence of sexual characters in co-occurring closely related species. Consequently, signal disparity should be greater between sympatric versus allopatric lineage pairs. However, this pattern may also result from species sorting or the greater evolutionary age of sympatric pairs. We used species pairs comparisons to examine the existence of acoustic divergence in a Neotropical montane radiation, the Rhinocryptidae, whose members tend to occupy different elevational ranges. Most rhinocryptids exhibit conservative morphology and are only differentiated by song attributes. Our results show that sympatric species pairs that overlap in elevation exhibited overall greater song divergence compared to allopatric species pairs after controlling for morphological differences, age and phylogenetic effects. Song divergence decreased when excluding sympatric pairs that do not overlap in elevation, suggesting that selection for improved species identification between co-occurring (syntopic) species accentuates signal differentiation. Comparative evolutionary models of signal differentiation over time revealed a similar pattern which suggests that sexual selection in syntopy might have driven reproductive character displacement in this radiation. We conclude that selection against the production of unfit hybrids could favor acoustic traits that reliably signal species identity in tropical environments where many taxa are poorly differentiated by visual attributes.
Genetic and anatomical determinants of olfaction in dogs and wild canids
Authors: Mouton Alice , Bird Deborah , Li Gang , Craven Brent A , Levine Jonathan M , Morselli Marco , Pellegrini Matteo , Van Valkenburgh Blaire , Wayne Robert K , Murphy William J 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Understanding the anatomical and genetic basis of complex phenotypic traits has long been a challenge for biological research. Domestic dogs offer a compelling model as they demonstrate more phenotypic variation than any other vertebrate species. Dogs have been intensely selected for specific traits and abilities, directly or indirectly, over the past 15,000 years since their initial domestication from the gray wolf. Because olfaction plays a central role in critical tasks, such as the detection of drugs, diseases, and explosives, as well as human rescue, we compared relative olfactory capacity across dog breeds and assessed changes to the canine olfactory system to their direct ancestors, wolves and coyotes. We conducted a cross-disciplinary survey of olfactory anatomy, olfactory receptor (OR) gene variation, and OR gene expression in domestic dogs. Through comparisons to their closest wild canid relatives, the gray wolf and coyote, we show that domestic dogs might have lost functional OR genes commensurate with a documented reduction in nasal morphology as an outcome of the domestication process prior to breed formation. Critically, within domestic dogs alone, we found no genetic or morphological profile shared among functional or genealogical breed groupings, such as scent hounds, that might indicate evidence of any human-directed selection for enhanced olfaction. Instead, our results suggest that superior scent detection dogs likely owe their success to advantageous behavioral traits and training rather than an “olfactory edge” provided by morphology or genes.
Granulosa cell expression of Fos is critical for regulating ovulatory gene expressions in the mouse ovary
Authors: Southall Jacqueline , Park Shawn , Choi Yohan , Jeon Hayce , Ko Chemyong , Jo Misung 
Published: February 2025

AbstractA previous study showed that female Fos null mice fail to ovulate even when given gonadotropins, suggesting that ovarian expression of Fos is critical for successful ovulation. However, the expression of FOS and function of FOS have not been determined in the mouse ovary. FOS, a member of the Fos family (Fos, Fosb, Fosl1, and Fosl2), functions as a transcription factor by forming a heterodimer complex with a member of Jun family (Jun, Junb, and Jund). This study demonstrated rapid increases in Fos, along with other Fos and Jun family members, after hCG administration in the ovary of immature PMSG‐primed mice and after the LH surge in naturally cycling animals. ChIP‐seq analysis identified 1965 FOS‐binding genes in granulosa cells collected at 3 h post‐hCG, including Pgr, Ptgs2, Tnfiap6, and Edn2, genes known to be involved in the ovulatory process. When super‐ovulation was induced, the number of oocytes released was significantly reduced in Esr2cre/+‐driven granulosa cell‐specific Fos knockout (gcFosKO) mice. This reduction was accompanied by lower expressions of Pgr, Ptgs2, Ptgs1, and Edn2 in preovulatory follicles of gcFosKO mice compared to those in control littermates. In addition, gcFosKO mice showed a trend toward a decreased average litter size. Together, the present study indicates that the preovulatory induction of Fos expression is crucial for increasing the expression of key ovulatory genes, yet the role of FOS may be partially substituted by other Fos and Jun family members induced in the preovulatory follicle in the gcFosKO mouse ovary.