bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Formation and Characterization of Gallium(III) Complexes with Monoamide Derivatives of 1,4,7‐Triazacyclononane‐1,4,7‐triacetic Acid: A Study of the Dependency of Structure on Reaction pH
Authors: Shetty Dinesh , Choi Soo Young , Jeong Jae Min , Hoigebazar Lathika , Lee Yun‐Sang , Lee Dong Soo , Chung June‐Key , Lee Myung Chul , Chung Young Keun 
Published: October 2010

AbstractTwo monoamide derivatives of 1,4,7‐triazacyclononane‐1,4,7‐triacetic acid (NOTA) conjugated with methylamine (4) or benzylamine (5) were synthesized by treating di‐tert‐butyl 1,4,7‐triazacyclononane‐1,4‐diacetate (1) with 2‐chloro‐N‐benzyl‐ or ‐N‐methylacetamide, followed by an acid cleavage reaction. Complexes of 4 and 5 chelated to Ga3+ to give Ga‐4 and Ga‐5, respectively, in reaction solutions at different pH values (3 and 5). Complexes Ga‐4 and Ga‐5 were characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and multinuclear NMR spectroscopy. In the solid state, these complexes were isostructural, and the coordination spheres of the metal ions exhibited distorted octahedral geometries. In the case of the Ga‐4 complex, which was formed at both pH values, the metal ion is coordinated to the amide nitrogen atom of the modified pendent arm of 4. However, in the case of Ga‐5, the metal ion is coordinated to a nitrogen or an oxygen atom of the amide linkage when the pH of the reaction soultion was 5 or 3, respectively. No significant difference was found between the 1H NMR spectra of the complexes formed at pH = 3 and 5. However, 71Ga NMR spectra showed a broad resonance signal and a narrow singlet for the complex synthesized at the lower pH, but only a single narrow singlet for the complex prepared at neutral pH. Variable‐temperature 1H NMR spectra showed that complexes Ga‐4 and Ga‐5 are rigid in solution. The stability of these complexes in the physiological pH range and at high temperature suggests that NOTA can be used as a bifunctional chelating agent to label biomolecules with radioactive gallium by direct conjugation of the complex to target molecules. This finding could open up a wide range of applications for NOTA‐type bifunctional chelating agents by eliminating the multi‐step synthesis routes required to introduce extra linker groups to the labelling agent.
Removal of 3‐MCPD esters and related substances after refining by adsorbent material
Authors: Strijowski Ulf , Heinz Volker , Franke Knut 
Published: October 2010

AbstractPossibilities of a removal of 3‐chloro‐1,2‐propanediol fatty acid esters (3‐MCPD esters) and related substances from palm oil were investigated using different adsorption materials. Some of them are already applied for the improvement of frying oils with respect to reducing polar components. For this purpose nine different commercially available inorganic adsorbent materials were chosen and screened with respect to their ability to reduce the contents of 3‐MCPD esters and related substances in a refined palm oil. Two of the materials, a calcinated zeolite and a synthetic magnesium silicate, were found to be able to reduce the contents of these substances in a range of up to 40%. Further investigations revealed that the ‘related substances’ which had been identified mainly as glycidyl esters, were removed but not the 3‐MCPD esters. Especially the zeolite was able to lower the concentration of these substances relatively fast in a broad range of treatment temperatures. No adverse effects were detected for this material with respect to sensory properties and oxidative stability of the palm oil after the treatment.Practical applications: The successful removal of the health relevant 3‐MCPD esters and related substances may open additional possibilities for the manufacturing of palm oils containing these substances, for example for infant foods. The advantage of such an approach is that these procedures may be easily implemented in a short time frame. In contrast, influencing of precursor contents and formation pathways, like changes in culture and harvesting of palm fruits or modifications of refining processes, requires more fundamental research and may have several impacts on the manufacturing procedures.
Improved Pseudorotaxane and Catenane Formation from a Derivative of Bis(m‐phenylene)‐32‐crown‐10
Authors: Zhang Mingming , Luo Yan , Zheng Bo , Yan Xuzhou , Fronczek Frank R. , Huang Feihe 
Published: October 2010

Abstract2,2′‐Dihydroxy‐bis(m‐phenylene)‐32‐crown‐10 (2,2′‐dihydroxy‐BMP32C10, 1a) was synthesized and used to prepare the [2]catenane 4 in an unexpected yield of 68 %, three times the corresponding value for the case in which BMP32C10 (1b) was used and close to the corresponding value for the case in which bis(p‐phenylene)‐34‐crown‐10 was used. This indicated that 1a and paraquat derivatives formed pseudorotaxanes rather than the previously reported “taco complexes” between BMP32C10 and paraquat derivatives. Another unique feature of 1a in relation to other previously reported BMP32C10 derivatives was that its binding to paraquat derivatives in solution could be switched off and back on by addition of K+ and then dibenzo‐18‐crown‐6. In the solid state, a 2:1 [3]pseudorotaxane of 1a with a paraquat derivative was formed.
Simultaneous Determination of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) by Differential Pulse Voltammetry Using Modified Screen‐Printed Carbon Electrodes in Array Mode
Authors: Calvo‐Pérez Ana , Domínguez‐Renedo Olga , Alonso‐Lomillo M. Asunción , Arcos‐Martínez M. Julia 
Published: October 2010

AbstractA new procedure for the speciation of chromium by means of differential pulse voltammetry using screen‐printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs) has been proposed. Two different modified carbon working, a Ag/AgCl reference and a carbon counter screen‐printed electrodes have been connected in array mode for the simultaneous determination of Cr(III) and Cr(VI). Mercury films or gold nanoparticles have been ground onto the SPCEs in order to improve their selectivity to each chromium species. The quantification of the peak currents observed at −1.25 V in Hg‐SPCE and −0.1 V in AuNPs‐SPCE were carried out. The method has been applied to the speciation of chromium in waste water from a tannery factory.
Electrochemical Performance of Graphene as Effected by Electrode Porosity and Graphene Functionalization
Authors: Punckt Christian , Pope Michael A. , Liu Jun , Lin Yuehe , Aksay Ilhan A. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractGraphene‐based electrodes have recently gained popularity due to their superior electrochemical properties. However, the exact mechanisms of electrochemical activity are not yet understood. Here, we present data from NADH oxidation and ferri/ferrocyanide redox probe experiments to demonstrate that both (i) the porosity of the graphene electrodes, as effected by the packing morphology, and (ii) the functional group and the lattice defect concentration play a significant role on their electrochemical performance.
Simultaneous Differential Pulse Adsorptive Stripping Determination of Imipramine and Its Metabolite Desipramine by the PLS‐1 Multivariate Method
Authors: Galeano‐Díaz Teresa , Acedo‐Valenzuela María‐Isabel , Mora‐Diez Nielene , Silva‐Rodríguez Antonio 
Published: October 2010

AbstractA method, using stripping differential pulse voltammetry, for the simultaneous determination of Imipramine and its metabolite Desipramine is reported. Both compounds produce, at glassy carbon electrode, an electrochemical signal due to an adsorptive‐oxidative process. The voltammograms show a very high overlap degree between IM and DE peaks. The multivariate calibration method PLS‐1 was employed for the simultaneous determination of both compounds. An experimental design together with the response surface methodology has been used to find the optimum experimental conditions. The developed procedure has been utilized in the analysis of fortified human serum samples with good recovery values for each analyte.
An Electrochemical Immunosensor for Testosterone Using Gold Nanoparticles – Carbon Nanotubes Composite Electrodes
Authors: Serafín V. , Eguílaz M. , Agüí L. , Yáñez‐Sedeño P. , Pingarrón J. M. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractA novel electrochemical immunosensor for testosterone based on direct attachment of antitestosterone on hybrid gold nanoparticles/carbon nanotubes‐Teflon composite electrodes is reported. This material combined the ability of gold nanoparticles for biomolecules immobilization retaining their biological activity with synergic electrocatalytic effect demonstrated by coupling gold nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes. Competitive assay between testosterone and HRP‐ testosterone for binding sites of antibodies was employed. Amperometry at −0.05 V vs. Ag/AgCl was used to monitor affinity reaction upon addition of H2O2 with catechol as redox mediator. Calibration plot was linear between 0.1 and 10 ng/mL testosterone. LOD value was 85±6 pg/mL. Good results were obtained in the application to spiked human serum.
Experience with supracricoid laryngectomy variants
Authors: Rifai Mohamed , Hassouna Mohamed Salah , Abdel Fattah Ahmed El Farouk , Badran Hatem 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcomes after supracricoid laryngectomy (SCL) as an alternative to total laryngectomy (TL) for treatment of laryngeal cancer.MethodsThis retrospective study involved 333 patients who underwent 4 types of SCL for squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx in an Egyptian hospital between May 1984 and May 2007. Both functional outcomes and oncological outcomes were evaluated.ResultsSurgical margins were free from tumor invasion. The overall 5‐year survival rate was 74%. Three hundred nine patients (92.8%) were decannulated, whereas 8 patients had permanent stenosis, 6 patients underwent TL, and 10 patients died. Only 7 patients (2.1%) had persistent aspiration; 6 of these patients underwent TL, whereas 1 patient died of pneumonia. The voice intelligibility score ranged from 70% to 100%, with a mean score of 89%. The score was highest when both arytenoids were preserved (mean, 95%). Ten patients died of complications directly related to the surgery.ConclusionSupracricoid laryngectomy is effective for managing laryngeal cancer. Modification of the technique to permit resection of both arytenoids is possible in select patients. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2011
Parent teaching focus and toddlers' learning from an infant DVD
Authors: Fender Jodi G. , Richert Rebekah A. , Robb Michael B. , Wartella Ellen 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThis study examined parents' and toddlers' talk and viewing behaviour while co‐viewing an educational infant DVD focused on teaching language. Sixty‐four 12‐ to 25‐month‐old infants viewed a DVD in a laboratory with their parents. A cluster analysis on parent talk revealed three groups: High, Moderate, and Low Teaching Focus parents. The High Teaching Focus parents presented the greatest variety of words highlighted in the DVD, were most likely to label or describe what was on screen, and had the least amount of non‐DVD related talk. Children of High Teaching Focus parents had the highest degree of engagement with the DVD. These children also said the greatest number and variety of target words and were most likely to say new words during the co‐viewing session. Furthermore, parent talk significantly mediated the relationship between children's engagement with the DVD and their use of new words while co‐viewing. The findings are discussed in terms of implications for how parents use educational infant DVDs to teach their children. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hyperlipidemic versus healthy pancreases: A proteomic analysis using an animal model
Authors: Zhang Wei , Wang Xing‐Peng , Yu Zhuo‐Wei , Wang Li‐Shun , Zhu Yue , Yu Xiao‐Feng , Wu Kai , Zeng Yue , Xu Ming‐Yi 
Published: October 2010

AbstractHyperlipidemia is associated with a variety of pancreatic diseases; however, the underlying pathophysiology and molecular mechanisms remain undefined. Here, we performed a comparative proteomic analysis of pancreatic tissue obtained from hyperlipidemic rats to identify proteins that may be involved in mediating hyperlipidemia‐associated pancreatic injury. Rats were fed a high‐fat diet to induce hyperlipidemia. Control rats were fed a diet with normal fat content. Pancreatic tissue samples were obtained after 6 or 12 weeks and comparative proteomic analysis, using gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry, was conducted to identify proteins, the expression of which were altered in pancreases from hyperlipidemic compared with control rat pancreases. The expression levels of 3 of 13 proteins were significantly altered in pancreatic samples from hyperlipidemic rats. Alpha‐amylase and arginase II were dysregulated by more than twofold. These modulations persisted in pancreatic tissue obtained from late‐stage hyperlipidemic rats. The levels of alpha‐amylase and arginase II were significantly altered in pancreases obtained from rats with hyperlipidemia. These enzymes may be putative biomarkers of hyperlipidemia‐mediated pancreatic injury. © 2010 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 62(10): 781–789, 2010
Hysteresis in unemployment: Evidence from Latin America
Authors: Mednik Matias , Rodriguez Cesar M. , Ruprah Inder J. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThis paper tests the hysteresis hypothesis in unemployment for 13 Latin American countries covering the period 1980–2005. The tests exploit the time series and the cross sectional variation of the series, and allows for cross section dependence and a different number of endogenously determined structural breakpoints. The findings give support to the hysteric dynamic hypothesis for the majority of the countries analysed. The implications of the results have ramifications regarding macro‐stabilisation, structural reform, and the design of social safety protection. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stable human T‐cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV‐1) subtype a/subgroup a endemicity in Amerindians from Northwest Argentina: A health problem to be resolved
Authors: Eirin Maria E. , Berini Carolina A. , Jones Leandro R. , Dilernia Dario A. , Puca Alberto A. , Biglione Mirna M. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractJujuy province, in Northwest Argentina, is known to be endemic for HTLV‐1 infection. Moreover, foci of HTLV‐1 associated pathologies have also been described in this region. To gain an insight into the current situation of HTLV‐1/2 in this endemic area, a seroprevalence and phylogenetic study was performed among a Kolla community from Abra Pampa city and surroundings. Out of 112 individuals, 11 (9.8%) were confirmed as HTLV‐1 positive and no HTLV‐2 infection was detected. The phylogenetic analysis of the LTR region showed that all the HTLV‐1 sequences belonged to the Cosmopolitan subtype a/transcontinental subgroup A, and were closely related to reference sequences from Peru, Argentina, and the South of Brazil (P = 0.82). Considering the cultural and historical features of this community and in spite of the mandatory detection of anti‐HTLV‐1/2 antibodies in blood banks since 2005, it would be important to implement new public health measures focused on decreasing HTLV‐1 transmission in this endemic area. J. Med. Virol. 82:2116–2122, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
HCV in peripheral blood mononuclear cells are predominantly carried on the surface of cells in HIV/HCV co‐infected individuals
Authors: Natarajan Ven , Kottilil Shyam , Hazen Allison , Adelsberger Joseph , Murphy Alison A. , Polis Michael A , Kovacs Joseph A 
Published: October 2010

AbstractHCV replication in extra‐hepatic reservoirs has been suggested to occur in many tissues including PBMCs. A recent study showed evidence for compartmentalization and evolution of HCV in PBMCs. However, the cells that support HCV replication in PBMCs have not been identified. In this study we have fractionated the PBMC from HIV/HCV co‐infected patients into T, monocytes, B and NK cells, and most of the HCV was located in CD3‐cell fractions. Protease treatment of PBMCs to remove cell surface receptors resulted in the loss of HCV RNA suggesting that most of the HCV is present on the cell surface. PBMCs were treated by freeze–thaw nuclease method that would protect the HCV RNA in the virus but not the intracellular viral RNA. Data from this analysis support the conclusion that most of HCV is present on the cell surface. Even though the presence of minus strand RNA in PBMCs suggests that a low level HCV replication takes place within the PBMCs of HIV/HCV co‐infected individuals, HCV in PBMC is present mainly on the surface of non‐T cells, mostly on NK, monocytes and B cells. These results suggest a unique pathogenic role of NK, monocyte and B cells as carriers of HCV. J. Med. Virol. 82:2032–2037, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Characterization of genotype G8 strains from Malawi, Kenya, and South Africa
Authors: Page Nicola , Esona Mathew , Seheri Mapaseka , Nyangao James , Bos Pieter , Mwenda Jason , Steele Duncan 
Published: October 2010

AbstractReviews of the global distribution of rotavirus genotypes have revealed the continuous circulation of G8 strains in Africa, often responsible for more cases of rotavirus disease than the more common G1–G4 rotavirus strains. During the study, genotype G8 strains from Malawi, Kenya, and South Africa were detected and the VP7 and VP4 genes of selected specimens were sequenced. Results indicated that G8 strains appeared to reassort frequently and were associated with P[6], P[4], and P[8] specificity. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that G8 strains occurred in a North/South African phylogenetic divide. In addition, G8 strains appear to be able to infect non‐human primates and strains with close phylogenetic relationships were detected in the same year on two continents. Any rotavirus vaccine introduced into African environments will need to demonstrate protective efficacy against unusual genotype combinations, new serotypes, and animal strains. Therefore, continuous monitoring of rotavirus strains in human and animal populations in Africa is a necessity. J. Med. Virol. 82:2073–2081, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis: Are viruses involved?
Authors: Mcheik Jiad N. , Dichamp Isabelle , Levard Guillaume , Ragot Stéphanie , Beby‐Defaux Agnès , Grosos Céline , Couvrat Véronique , Agius Gérard 
Published: October 2010

AbstractInfantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) is characterized by abnormal thickening of the internal circular muscle layer. IHPS is known to be due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors, but its precise causes and pathophysiology are poorly understood. The objective of the study is to determine the prevalence of the principal viruses targeting the respiratory and digestive tracts in children with IHPS. Nasopharyngeal fluids, stools, vomit, and surgical pyloric muscle fragments and swabs were tested by cell culture, viral antigen assay and PCR. IHPS was diagnosed in 23 boys and 8 girls with a mean (±SD) age of 42 ± 15 days (range 20–88 days). There was no seasonal pattern of diagnosis. Twenty‐two children (71%) lost weight (mean 246 ± 164 g, range 30–600 g) after the onset of vomiting, and five (16.1%) were dehydrated. Seven (22.6%) infants had been exposed to an infectious contact within 15 days before admission, and one on the day of admission (3.2%). Ear, nose and throat samples and pyloric muscle specimens were negative for all the viruses tested. An adenovirus type 3 was recovered from one stool sample, and RT‐PCR was positive for an enterovirus on one vomit sample. This study suggests that the principal viruses targeting the respiratory and digestive tracts are not responsible for IHPS. J. Med. Virol. 82:2087–2091, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evaluation of an immunochromatography method for rapid detection of noroviruses in clinical specimens in Thailand
Authors: Thongprachum Aksara , Khamrin Pattara , Chaimongkol Natthawan , Malasao Rungnapa , Okitsu Shoko , Mizuguchi Masashi , Maneekarn Niwat , Ushijima Hiroshi 
Published: October 2010

AbstractNorovirus (NoV) is a causative agent of gastroenteritis in children and adults worldwide. Although reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) has been accepted as the standard method for diagnosis of NoV infection, it requires well‐trained personnel and sophisticated equipments. Performance of a commercial immunochromatography (IC) test for rapid detection of NoV was evaluated with fecal specimens collected from children admitted to a hospital with acute gastroenteritis during 2005–2007 in Chiang Mai, Thailand. A total of 463 fecal specimens were tested for the presence of NoV by a commercial immunochromatography kit (IP‐NoV) and by RT‐PCR. Sensitivity, specificity, and agreement of immunochromatography as compared to RT‐PCR were 74.2%, 99.5%, and 96.1%, respectively. Based on the NoV genotypes determined by phylogenetic analysis, immunochromatography detected NoV GII/3, GII/4, GII/6, GII/13, GII/15, and GII/16 genotypes. The findings indicate that the immunochromatography kit could be used for a direct detection of NoV GII in clinical specimens and covering a wide range of NoV genotypes circulating in Thailand. J. Med. Virol. 82:2106–2109, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Low rate of virological failure and maintenance of susceptibility to HIV‐1 protease inhibitors with first‐line lopinavir/ritonavir‐based antiretroviral treatment in clinical practice
Authors: Prosperi Mattia C.F. , Zazzi Maurizio , Punzi Grazia , Monno Laura , Colao Grazia , Corsi Paola , Di Giambenedetto Simona , Meini Genny , Ghisetti Valeria , Bonora Stefano , Pecorari Monica , Gismondo Maria Rita , Bagnarelli Patrizia , Carli Tiziana , De Luca Andrea ,   for the ARCA Collaborative Group
Published: October 2010

AbstractProtease inhibitor (PI)‐resistant HIV‐1 has hardly ever been detected at failed boosted PI‐based first‐line antiretroviral regimens in clinical trials. However, this phenomenon has not been investigated in clinical practice. To address this gap, data from patients starting a first‐line lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/rtv)‐based therapy with available baseline HIV‐1 RNA load, a viral genotype and follow‐up viral load after 3 and 6 months of treatment were extracted from the Italian Antiretroviral Resistance Cohort Analysis (ARCA) observational database. Based on survival analysis, 39 (7.1%) and 43 (7.8%) of the 548 examined patient cases had an HIV‐1 RNA >500 and >50 copies/ml, respectively, after 6 months of treatment. Cox proportional hazard models detected baseline HIV‐1 RNA (RH 1.79, 95%CI 1.10–2.92 per 1 − log10 increase, P = 0.02) and resistance to the nucleoside backbone (RH 1.04, 95%CI 1.02–1.06 per 10‐point increase using the Stanford HIVdb algorithm, P < 0.001) as independent predictors of HIV‐1 RNA at >500 copies/ml, but not at the >50 copies/ml cutoff criteria. Higher baseline viral load, older patient age, heterosexual route of infection and use of tenofovir/emtricitabine were predictors of failure at month 3 using the 50‐copy and/or 500‐copy threshold. Resistance to LPV/rtv did not occur or increase in any of the available 36 follow‐up HIV‐1 genotypes. Resistance to the nucleoside backbone (M184V) developed in four cases. Despite the likely differences in patient population and adherence, both the low rate of virological failure and the lack of development of LPV/rtv resistance documented in clinical trials are thus confirmed in clinical practice. J. Med. Virol. 82:1996–2003, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.