bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of (Y,Nd)/Mn interaction on the structural, morphological, and magnetic properties of the (Y,Nd)BaCuFe1–xMnxO5+δ system
Authors: Saavedra Gaona I. M. , Angarita A. C. Barrera , Farfán J. A. Cuervo , Duarte J. E. , Vargas C. A. Parra 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This work explores the effects of Y or Nd interactions with Mn substitutions in the new (Y, Nd)BaCuFe1−x
Mn
x
O5+δ compounds with x = 0.00, 0.03, 0.10, and 0.25 (RE- x) focusing on their structural, morphological, and magnetic properties. Rietveld refinement of X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns showed that the (Y, Nd)3+ and Fe3+ ions predominantly crystallize in a tetragonal structure (P4mm), with variations in tetragonal bond distances dependent on the Mn ion substitution degree. Scanning electron microscopy technique (SEM) revealed polycrystalline morphology with grain shapes that change with cation substitution, consistent with the synthesis method. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) technique confirmed the materials stoichiometry, while attenuated total reflectance-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy demonstrated the increased anisotropy in metal–oxygen interaction along different crystallographic directions when Y is replaced by Nd. Magnetization curves obtained in the zero-field cold/field cold (ZFC–FC) modes as a function of temperature 50 K up to 400 K show some of the expected characteristics of the magnetic phase transition at temperatures between 176 and 330 K for the Y-based systems, and an increase in the antiferromagnetic (AFM) transition temperature with Mn substitution. The Nd-based systems reveal a paramagnetic (PM) behavior that could be attributed to the dominance exerted by the magnetic moments of the Nd ions.
Effect of Interactive Learning Environments on Learning Outcomes in Science Education: A Network Meta-Analysis
Authors: Koç Adem , Kanadlı Sedat 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study used network meta-analysis to investigate the impact of the use of interactive learning environments (ILE) tools (augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), mixed reality (MIX), and interactive digital games (GAME)) in science education on learning outcomes. A total of 53 primary studies were retrieved from the literature according to the inclusion/exclusion criteria. According to this, MIX demonstrated the largest effect size compared to conventional teaching (CON) for both cognitive and affective outcomes. AR exhibited a larger effect size than VR for affective outcomes but did not differ significantly from VR or GAME for cognitive outcomes. GAME outperformed CON for cognitive outcomes but did not differ significantly from VR or GAME for either outcome. VR’s effect size on cognitive outcomes was not significantly different from CON but was significantly higher for affective outcomes. Indirect comparisons revealed no significant differences between MIX and the other ILE formats for either outcome. Network analysis ranked AR as the most effective format for both cognitive and affective outcomes. These findings highlight the potential of ILEs, particularly AR, for enhancing learning outcomes. Limitations of the study include the lack of direct comparisons for MIX, high heterogeneity, and publication bias in some binary comparisons. More primary studies are needed to address these limitations and increase the generalizability of the findings.
Prevalence and Correlates of (Internet) Gaming Disorder among Young Adults in Singapore
Authors: Chew Peter K. H. , Naidu Kuhanesan N. C. , Shi Jing , Zhang Melvyn W. B. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
There is a lack of estimates of prevalence rates of Internet gaming disorder (IGD) and gaming disorder (GD) among young adults in Singapore. Consequently, the current study aimed to examine the prevalence rates of IGD and GD, and their relationships with known correlates. Participants were a representative sample of 1008 young adults in Singapore. They completed instruments that assess IGD, GD, gaming motivations, negative emotional states, and sleep quality. The results showed a prevalence rate of 10.3% for IGD and 5.0% for GD. Males had a higher IGD and GD prevalence rate (14.6% and 7.2%) than females (6.2% and 2.8%). Furthermore, participants with IGD or GD reported higher gaming time, and higher scores on gaming motivations, negative emotional states, and sleep quality than their counterparts with no IGD or GD. The higher prevalence rates in this study compared to other global studies suggest that problematic gaming is a social issue in Singapore. Known correlates relating to gender, gaming time, motivations, and emotions were confirmed in the current study. The finding that participants with IGD or GD had better sleep quality was inconsistent with previous studies and could be due to the use of a single item to assess sleep quality. Limitations include the use of a cross-sectional correlational design. Future research could develop and evaluate prevention programs or intervention programs to alleviate the symptoms and negative consequences of problematic gaming.
Dugin’s apocalypticism: Western or Russian?
Authors: Meng Michael 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This essay historically contextualizes Aleksandr Dugin as an apocalyptic thinker by considering his interpretation of Western history as dominated by an apocalyptic desire for destruction. Exploring this interpretation of Western history through several key figures from the ancient and modern eras (Thucydides, Plato, Augustine, and Hitler), it concludes that Dugin’s apocalypticism hopes to overcome the destructive apocalypticism of Western history in a “new” beginning led by Russia for the sake of “preserving” Russia’s supposedly distinctive cultural-linguistic identity as an anti-Western, “Dionysian” culture of “openness” and “inclusivity” in contrast to the Apollonian, imperial culture of “closure” and “exclusivity” found in the United States. However, Dugin’s claim to want to preserve Russia’s putative openness is belied by his exclusion of certain ways of thinking and being, most notably Epicureanism and most violently Ukrainian nationalism. Dugin condemns Epicureanism as the basis of crass American hedonism, and he supports Vladimir Putin’s violent assertion of Russian nationalism on Ukraine.
Magnetic Reconnection in Space: An Introduction
Authors: Burch J. L. , Nakamura Rumi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
An International Space Science Institute (ISSI) workshop was convened to assess recent rapid advances in studies of magnetic reconnection made possible by the NASA Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission and to place them in context with concurrent advances in solar physics by the Parker Solar Probe, astrophysics, planetary science and laboratory plasma physics. The review papers resulting from this study focus primarily on results obtained by MMS, and these papers are complemented by reports of advances in magnetic reconnection physics in these other plasma environments. This paper introduces the topical collection “Magnetic Reconnection: Explosive Energy Conversion in Space Plasmas”, in particular introducing the new capabilities of the MMS mission used in majority of the articles in the collection and briefly summarizing the advances obtained from MMS.
Shape Function-Based Strain Determination in DIC for Solids and Lattice Structures
Authors: Hofmann M. , Greiner M. , Klein M. , Oechsner M. , Mittelstedt C. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Additive Manufacturing offers the opportunity to build lattice structures with benefits in manufacturing efficiency and weight. For the determination of the fatigue properties of lattice structures, it lacks a method to determine the deformation under mechanic stress.

Objective
A digital image correlation (DIC) algorithm was implemented. The algorithm determines strains within a subset in an uncommon way by physically interpreting the subset shape function and does not need neighboring subsets, therefore.

Method
With a monochrome background this shape function-based strain determination is able to determine the deformation of a whole lattice unit cell, even if the background is visible in sectors of the subset. The implementation is validated by comparing the results in quasi-static tests on bulk material specimens to the results tactile sensors and a conventional DIC program. Then the deformation of lattice unit cells in fatigue tests is evaluated.

Results
The shape function-based strain determination performs well in quasi-static tests even for large deformations. The deformation of lattice unit cells is determined successfully, whereby conventional DIC algorithms can be challenged if the lattice’s strut diameter becomes close to the image resolution. The determined strains are appropriate for lifetime prediction and fractures can be detected.

Conclusion
The shape function-based strain determination is a suitable tool for determination of large local strains as well as strains in lattice structures, which do partially not cover the background in the whole region of interest due to periodic empty spaces between the lattice struts. For determination of strain fields, conventional DIC algorithms will still be more efficient in this state of development.
Development of Edible Coating Incorporating Cherry Stem Powder or Leek Powder to Decrease Oil Uptake and Lipid Oxidation in Potatoes During Air, Oven, and Deep Oil Frying Methods
Authors: Yazicioglu Nalan , Mert Imran , Özmen Tuğba , Öztürk Şevval , Saritaş Esra , Özer Ramazan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study aims to compare the effects of various coating materials, including cherry stem powder (C) or leek powder (L), Aloe vera (A), or glycerol (G) on the quality parameters of potatoes during different frying methods (air frying, conventional oven frying, and deep oil frying), considering factors such as moisture content, texture, oil uptake, frying loss, colour, total phenolic content (TPC), lipid oxidation, and sensory analysis. The moisture content of air-fried CG was higher compared to oven frying and deep oil frying. The air frying yields a firmer texture for LG and LA compared to the deep oil frying of these samples. Additionally, uncoated potatoes exhibited greater hardness than CG, CA, and LA samples when oven-fried. The frying method had no notable impact on surface oil; coated samples absorbed less oil than uncoated ones, notably in air frying. Incorporating cherry stem powder into coatings significantly increased the phenolic content to 228.63 ± 0.106 mg GAE/100 g, surpassing that of samples containing leek powder and the control, which measured at 190.76 ± 1.98 mg GAE/100 g. Coatings with elevated levels of TPC (CA, CG) decreased secondary oxidation in fried potato to 1.275 ± 0.021 mg MDA/kg, which was 18.5% lower than the control. Cherry stem powder-added samples, when air-fried, showed promise in reducing oil uptake and lipid oxidation.
Examples and effects of avalanches on the surface of mountain lakes: Morskie Oko, a case study from Poland (Tatra Mountains)
Authors: Choiński Adam , Denega Wojciech , Macias Andrzej , Piniarski Witold 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study represents a pioneering effort to analyze the impact of avalanches descending into Morskie Oko from Marchwiczny Gully, the most active avalanche path around the lake. It focuses on catastrophic avalanches that descended from the analyzed gully, as reported in the literature from the 1900s until now. However, only the data collected in recent years, our field studies, combined with modern LIDAR data and GIS-based modeling, allowed us to perform a detailed analysis. The GIS-based approach effectively uses spatial data to address snow avalanche modeling challenges. Although the study area lies within Tatra National Park, no official services carry out systematic avalanche monitoring or measurements. The impact of hazardous events, such as snow avalanches, on the most famous Polish mountain lake, Morskie Oko, has been poorly described in the literature and has yet to be discovered. Therefore, to analyze the selected avalanche parameters, we mainly used our ground and additional aerial photographs taken by local mountain services and related field measurements. Our analysis resulted in figurative estimates of the extent and volume of avalanche snow and its weight, both on the surface of the ice sheet and the part of the avalanche that did not reach the lake’s shore and remained on the slope of Marchwiczny Gully. For example, the values for the mighty avalanche on February 3, 2023, are 23,500 m3 and 4,700 tons on the ice surface and 20,000 m3 and 4,000 tons on the slope. It was determined that avalanches that descend onto the studied lake’s surface result in its shallowing. This process occurs because of sedimentation of slope material carried by avalanches, especially during the final phase of ice cover melting. When openings appear in the solid ice cover in spring, floating ice can migrate, driven by wind pressure, and deposit avalanche material in various parts of the lake bottom. Thus, avalanches contributed to the gradual disappearance of the lake.
Microstructural, Oxidation, and Mechanical Behavior of NbTi-Based Refractory Alloys with 5 to 10 Pct Co, Cr, and Ni Additions
Authors: Ochieze U. P. , Sun L. , Simpson N. A. , Josyula S. , Kim T. K. J. , Carter J. L. W. , Steiner M. A. , Payton E. J. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
NbTi-based refractory alloys with additions of Co, Cr, and Ni represent an interesting medium-entropy alloy system with potential for protective oxide film formation, high strength, and ductility. This study investigates the microstructural evolution, oxidation behavior, and mechanical properties of NbTi-based alloys containing 5 to 10 at. pct Co, Cr, and Ni. CALPHAD predictions suggest that this composition range can be heat treated to obtain a predominantly body-centered cubic matrix phase. Mechanical properties, including microhardness, yield strength, maximum strength, and specific strength are evaluated through isothermal compression tests conducted between room temperature and 800 °C. The oxidation kinetics of these alloys are assessed through discontinuous oxidation tests. Parabolic oxidation kinetics were observed for NbTi–10Ni and NbTi–5Co, while linear oxidation kinetics were found for NbTi–10Cr and NbTi–10(CoCrNi). Microstructures and oxide layers are characterized using X-ray diffraction, electron backscatter diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. All alloys exhibit significant mechanical softening between room temperature and 800 °C, with elastic-perfectly plastic flow observed at 800 °C. The addition of 10 pct Cr to NbTi resulted in two BCC phases up to 1050 °C, conflicting with CALPHAD predictions of a single-phase solid solution at this temperature, and resulting in higher flow stress at 800 °C. NbTi–10(CoCrNi) exhibited the lowest flow stress at 800 °C despite having more ‘cocktail effect’ potential and insufficient molar fractions of Co, Cr, or Ni to form a desirable protective oxide film.
Data-driven insights to reduce uncertainty from disruptive events in passenger railways
Authors: Marques Luís , Moro Sérgio , Ramos Pedro 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study investigates the predictive modeling of the impact of disruptive events on passenger railway systems, using real data from the Portuguese main operator, Comboios de Portugal. We develop models using neural networks and decision trees, using key features such as the betweenness centrality indicator, railway track, time of day, and the train service group. Conclusively, these attributes significantly predict the impact on the proposed models. The research reveals the superior performance of neural network models, such as convolutional neural networks and recurrent neural networks in smaller datasets, while decision tree models, particularly random forest, stand out in larger datasets. The findings of this study unveil new attributes that can be employed as predictors. Additionally, they confirm, within this study’s context, the effectiveness of certain traits previously recognized in the literature for mitigating the uncertainty associated with the uncertainty of the impact of disruptive events in passenger railway systems.
Modelling free residual chlorine decay in a residential district water distribution network using smart water meter data
Authors: Obaid S. , Hosoi K. , Ngoc N. M. , Inoue T. , Yokota K. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Chlorine is the most common disinfectant in drinking water worldwide, and the free residual chlorine concentration has been stipulated at least 0.1 mg/L according to Japanese drinking water standard to ensure disinfection efficacy during distribution. In addition, Japan is also applying approximately 0.4 mg/L chlorine at treatment plants to supply tasty drinkable water to residents. Although a concentration lower than 0.4 mg/L can help avoid an unpleasant chlorine taste in the supply water, it raises challenges for maintaining residual chlorine greater than the standard throughout distribution pipelines. The chlorine concentration decreases along distribution pipes because of bulk decay and wall decay. These decays depend on the initial chlorine concentration, temperature, time, pipe material, etc. Therefore, bottle tests with the Arrhenius theory were set up on the water at the distribution inlet in the Chibata district in Kosai city, Japan at various temperatures and times to measure the bulk decay coefficient. A literature review and root square mean error matching field data were conducted to estimate the wall decay coefficient. These decay coefficients were input into EPANET 2.2 to simulate water quality using smart water meters’ hourly consumption data. Therefore, the points where chlorine concentrations were below the standard could be hourly estimated.
Complexity in the EU’s Resolution Mechanism: An Expanding but Unavoidable Phenomenon?
Authors: Fromage Diane 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The Single Resolution Mechanism (SRM), which has been in operation since 2016, is particularly complex. It is headed by a ‘specific’ agency, the Single Resolution Board (SRB), but national authorities as well as national legal frameworks continue to play a decisive role in its operation. The Meroni doctrine also sets limitations on the extent to which (discretionary) powers may be delegated to the SRB. For this reason, very complex mechanisms had to be devised to guarantee that the European Commission and the Council would be sufficiently involved. Also, the SRM only applies to Banking Union Member States (i.e., euro area Member States and states in close cooperation). The co-existence of the Internal Market/EU27 on the one hand and the Banking Union on the other is a further source of complexity, as is the fact that the SRM partially relies on international law (the Single Resolution Fund and perhaps the European Stability Mechanism in the future). In short, the complexities within the SRM are many, and this article sheds light on them by considering complexities of a procedural, institutional and legal nature. It concludes by demonstrating that complexity has increased over time, yet it is probably unavoidable at this stage of European integration. However, efforts could still be made to simplify the applicable legal framework.
Synergistic Single-Atom and Clustered Cobalt Sites on N/S Co-Doped Defect Nano-Carbon for Efficient H2O2 Electrosynthesis
Authors: Huang Yuzhong , Zhang Chang , Wang Xingyu , Wu Yuji , Lv Jun , Zhang Jian , Shen Wangqiang , Lu Xing 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Non-noble-based single atomic catalysts have exhibited significant potential in electrochemical production of H2O2 via two-electron oxygen reduction reactions (2e− ORR). However, constructing highly efficient and acid-resistant catalysts remains a challenge but significant. In this work, fullerene (C60) with abundant pentagonal inherent defects was employed as a carbon substrate to synthesize defect-rich nanocarbon electrocatalysts doped with NSCo single atoms and accompanied by metallic Co nanoparticles (CoSA/CoNP-NSDNC) for the first time. The electrochemical experiments demonstrate that the active sites of CoSA/CoNP-NSDNC are formed through the synergistic interaction between NSCo single atoms and Co nanoparticle clusters embedded within the carbon framework. The obtained CoSA/CoNP-NSDNC catalyst exhibits an onset potential as 0.72 V versus RHE and achieves up to 90% H2O2 selectivity over a wide potential range of 500 mV. Moreover, the as-obtained CoSA/CoNP-NSDNC configured as the cathode in a self-assembled flow cell under acidic conditions achieves a high H2O2 production rate of 4206.96 mmol gcat⁻1 h⁻1 with a Faraday efficiency of ∼ 95% and exhibit ultra fast degradation of organic pollutants. This work focuses on the synergistic effect of non-noble metal nanoparticles, metal single-atom sites, and topological defects on the 2e− ORR process, which provides a new direction for designing carbon-based catalysts for efficient H2O2 electrosynthesis.
Social and Emotional Impacts of Airplane Headache: Insights into Patient Expectations and Management Needs
Authors: Bui Sebastian Bao Dinh , Nan Ana Maria , Blicher Jakob Udby , Gazerani Parisa 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A headache attributed to airplane travel is a headache that occurs during landing and/or take-off, also called “airplane headache” (AH). The emotional and social impacts on AH remain uncertain today. The purpose of this study was to assess the social and emotional impacts of airplane headache (AH) from the perspective of affected individuals and to explore their treatment expectations and needs. Specifically, the study examined whether stress, anxiety, and fatigue are significant factors influencing AH patients’ decision to seek medical treatment. An online anonymous survey was conducted in Denmark to investigate the emotional and social effects of AH. According to IHS diagnostic criteria for AH, participants self-identified as AH patients and completed a 36-question survey. Through social media and institutional channels over a 62-day period from March to May 2024, the questionnaire was developed using prior research and pilot-tested for clarity. The study included 33 patients with AH who reported increased pain intensity and significant social and emotional effects. Over-the-counter medications were ineffective, and participants expressed a need for more effective treatments that would have minimal side effects. A strong public awareness and reliable information about AH was needed, as it affected daily activities during flight. The development of treatments and preventative measures for AH should involve patients. In order to implement a holistic approach, both the social and emotional aspects must be considered, along with the need for preventive treatments and better awareness programs.