bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Massive Interacting Binaries as an Enrichment Source for Multiple Populations in Star Clusters
Authors: Nguyen Michelle , Sills Alison 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We present a suite of binary evolution models with massive primaries (10 ≤ M
1 ≤ 40 M
⊙) and periods and mass ratios chosen such that the systems undergo nonconservative mass transfer while the primaries have helium cores. We track the total mass and chemical composition of the ejecta from these systems. This material shows the abundance signatures of hot hydrogen burning that are needed to explain the abundance patterns seen in multiple populations in massive star clusters. We then calculate the total yield of a population of binary stars with masses, mass ratios, and periods consistent with their distribution in a field population. We show that the overall abundance of this material is enriched in helium, nitrogen, sodium, and aluminum, and depleted in carbon, oxygen, and magnesium, by amounts that are consistent with observations. We also show that such a population of binaries will return approximately 25% of its mass in this ejecta (compared to 4% if all the stars were single), over a characteristic timescale of about 12 Myr. We argue that massive binaries must be seriously considered as a contributor to the source of enriched material needed to explain the multiple populations in massive clusters, since essentially all massive stars are formed in binaries or higher-order multiples, massive binaries are primarily formed in clusters, and massive binaries naturally produce material of the right composition.
Discovery of a Long Thermonuclear X-Ray Burst from the Ultracompact Binary 4U 1850–087
Authors: Lu Yongqi , Li Zhaosheng , Yu Wenhui , Pan Yuanyue , Falanga Maurizio 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We report the detection of a long X-ray burst from the ultracompact binary 4U 1850–087. The type I X-ray burst was observed on MJD 60171.65 by the Monitor of All-sky X-ray Image and Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER). We analyze the NICER data between MJD 60095.19 and 60177.43, which includes the observation covering parts of the long X-ray burst decay phase, i.e., 0.15–3.8 hr after the trigger. The persistent spectra are well described by a multicolor disk blackbody, with an inner temperature of ∼0.5 keV, a thermally Comptonized continuum, an asymptotic power-law photon index of Γ ∼ 2.2, and an electron temperature of kT

e
∼ 20–30 keV. The mean persistent flux was around 3.8 × 10−10 erg cm−2 s−1, corresponding to a local mass accretion rate of

∼
1
%

m

̇

Edd

. Part of the time-resolved burst spectra show a clear deviation from the blackbody model, which can be improved by considering the enhanced persistent emission due to the Poynting–Robertson drag or the reflected disk emission illuminated by the burst. From the burst flux during the cooling phase, we estimate the burst duration, τ ≈ 0.78 hr, the burst fluence, E

b
≈ 4.1 × 1041 erg, and the ignition column depth, y
ign ≈ 3.5 × 1010 g cm−2. These long X-ray burst parameters from 4U 1850–087 suggest a regime of unstable burning of a thick, pure helium layer slowly accreted from a helium donor star. Moreover, we identify 7σ significant ∼1 keV emission lines in the burst spectra, which may originate from the surrounding accretion disk.
Estancias pampeanas: arquitectura y territorio en el campo argentino
Authors: Yuln Melina 
Published: June 2024

Este trabajo es producto de un capítulo de mi tesis doctoral “Geohistoria del Noroeste de la provincia de Buenos Aires: Territorios, frontera, región”, que trata sobre los procesos de cambios y transformaciones territoriales en ese espacio de la pampa argentina, y cómo estos procesos influyeron en la construcción de la región. Este fragmento aborda los desafíos territoriales que atravesaron las estancias – haciendas productivas pampeanas – entre finales del siglo XIX y principios del siglo XX, así como las adaptaciones en las viviendas y su entorno, en un contexto donde la cultura urbana se entrelazaba al mundo productivo rural. La investigación se basa en una metodología mixta, con un diseño de carácter cuanti-cualitativo, a través de análisis documental y estadístico; revisión bibliográfica y cartográfica; y trabajo de campo. Se presentan tres etapas que caracterizan a la estancia como vector territorializador del Noroeste de la provincia de Buenos Aires. dando cuenta de las dimensiones – social, económica, política, cultural o ambiental – involucradas.
Rights beyond the Unencumbered Self: Property-Freedom and Federation against Property-Theft and Centralisation
Authors: Menéndez Agustín José 
Published: June 2024

This article offers a reading of Catherine Colliot-Thélène’s Le commun de la liberté (2022) as a major contribution to the renewal of the way of doing political philosophy characteristic of what may be called the “radical enlightenment”. It is claimed that the book forms part of the same politico-philosophical project as La démocratie sans “demos” (2011), i.e. the reconstitution of democracy on a new radical basis. Colliot-Thélène puts forward a bold defence of methodological individualism of rights as the key component of the grammar of democratic politics, at the same time that she considers the shortcomings of existing democratic systems from the standpoint of two symptomatic figures, the poor and the refugee. The second part of the contribution engages with three aspects which are at the core of Le commun de la liberté, namely the conception of property, the conception of citizenship and of personal statuses, and the theory of rights.
Socrate dans la littérature de l’ancienet du moyen stoïcisme
Authors: Alesse Francesca 
Published: June 2024

Pour souligner leur filiation socratique, les stoïciens composèrent des écrits – dialogues, recueils de sentences ou « mémorables » – inspirés de la littérature socratique ancienne, ou citèrent des mots de Socrate dans leurs propres traités moraux. Parmi leurs sources, il faut mentionner, outre, naturellement, Xénophon, les dialogues de Platon, mais aussi ceux d’Antisthène et d’Eschine de Sphettos ; des courants mineurs de la littérature socratique ancienne : Phédon, Simon ; des exemples de littérature socratique postérieure, en parti­culier Diogène de Sinope et Cratès de Thèbes.
La conception de l’élite politique chez Freud
Authors: Chemouni Jacquy 
Published: June 2024

Cet article se propose d’étudier la conception développée par Freud selon laquelle une élite composée d’individus choisis pour leurs qualités devrait gouverner la « masse » en lui imposant ce qu’il qualifie de « dictature de la raison ». La masse apparaît comme une entité passive au sein de laquelle toute individualité s’efface, inaccessible aux arguments rationnels, soumise aux exigences pulsionnelles et présentant un fonctionnement psychique archaïque. Ces considérations révèlent un aspect souvent passé sous silence des positions politiques de Freud généralement considérées comme libérales et démocrates. Elles dévoilent finalement, à l’encontre de ce que lui-même affirme, que sa pensée psychanalytique n’est pas sans exprimer et valider des idées manifestement politiques.
Le mouvement flamand du point de vue des diplomates français après la Grande Guerre. Le fonds Z124-3 : une source orientée ?
Authors: Fleurier Nicolas 
Published: June 2024

Le fonds Z124-3, conservé au Centre des archives diplomatiques de La Courneuve, réunit les documents relatifs à la « question flamande » en Belgique pendant l’entre-deux-guerres. Cette source, qui ressort d’une véritable vigilance diplomatique, n’a pas son équivalent dans les séries portant sur les autres pays frontaliers de la France. Elle permet d’évaluer la manière dont le mouvement flamand est interprété par la diplomatie française, qui utilise souvent des termes inadaptés ou des définitions variables. Elle mène à s’interroger sur les défauts de la prise d’information et le degré de subjectivité des analyses. Cette source présente l’avantage de renseigner sur le militantisme flamand et sur la relation des questions de politique intérieure avec les enjeux de politique extérieure. Elle informe sur la mémoire française de l’activisme et sur le mouvement flamand de France. Elle renseigne même sur le rôle actif des diplomates, dont la volonté de défendre les intérêts français mène jusqu’à envisager une doctrine proche de l’ingérence. Le fonds Z124-3 permet de comprendre comment le « flamingantisme » apparaît aux diplomates français, dont les observations sont en partie biaisées par des préjugés discriminatoires et les effets de loupe.
Les choses de la guerre : l’aide militaire interalliée dans l’histoire globalisée de la Seconde Guerre mondiale
Authors: Bottelier Th. W. 
Published: June 2024

Cet article a pour objectif d’approfondir, à travers une réévaluation des aides militaires interalliées, l’étude du tournant global dans l’histoire de la Seconde Guerre mondiale. De 1941 à 1947, les Alliés échangèrent d’énormes quantités de biens et de services dans l’objectif de renforcer leur effort de guerre collectif contre les puissances de l’Axe. Ce fut, dans le contexte de l’aide au développement, l’approvisionnement le plus important de son histoire qui représenta un très grand pourcentage du commerce international contemporain. Pourtant, comme le démontre cet article, le phénomène passa pour l’essentiel inaperçu dans l’histoire politique, économique et internationale de la guerre. L’histoire de l’aide militaire interalliée demeure peu connue, elle permet pourtant de développer une histoire plus dense de l’économie politique et de la matérialité d’une guerre mondialisée au milieu du XXe siècle.
Determining Effectiveness of “Off-Label Therapies” for Multiple Sclerosis in a Real-World Setting
Authors: Pandit Lekha , Mustafa Sharik , Sudhir Akshatha , Malapur Puneeth , D’Cunha Anitha 
Published: June 2024

Objective:
To determine the factors, if any, that are associated with the efficacy of “off-label therapies” (OLTs) for multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods:
Consecutive patients (N = 174) with relapsing–remitting MS (RRMS) or secondary progressive MS (SPMS) with relapses, on OLTs with a generic formulation of azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil, or rituximab biosimilar for ≥2 years were included. Annualized relapse rate (ARR) and expanded disability status score (EDSS) 1 year before and ≥2 years after starting OLTs were recorded. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was done at baseline and at the end of the study.

Results:
During a median period of 4.1 years (2.4–24), ARR reduced in all (P < 0.0001) and EDSS improved in RRMS (P < 0.0001) patients but not in SPMS (P < 0.31) patients. Good responders were those who had RRMS (P = 0.001, odds ratio [OR] 0.04, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.01–0.15), female gender (P 0.008, OR 6.67, 95% CI 1.7–26.8), and had early access to OLT (P = 0.006, OR 1.2, 95% CI 1.05–1.40). Baseline peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness identified the risk of conversion to SPMS (P < 0.01, OR 1.03; 95% CI 1.01–1.06).

Conclusions:
This limited prospective study suggests that early identification of patients who could potentially respond to unconventional but accessible therapies may be valuable in the treatment of MS, particularly in resource-poor regions.
A review of issues and challenges of implementation of patient blood management
Authors: Chegini Azita , Jamalian Ali , Abolhassani Mohammad Reza , Alavi Ali Boroujerdi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract:

INTRODUCTION:
Patient blood management (PBM) is outlined as evidence-based medical and surgical concepts with a multidisciplinary method.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:
The aim of this article is to review the PBM implementation and analyses the issues, challenges, and opportunities.

METHODOLOGY:
In this article, we have an overview of PBM implementation in literature and our experience in one hospital in Iran. We used databases including Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, Google Scholar, Google, Science Direct, ProQuest, ISI Web of Knowledge, and PubMed to attain the related literature published in the English language.

RESULTS:
There are different barriers and challenges of implementation of PBM, such as hospital culture confrontation, reduced staff with restricted time, lack of interdisciplinary conversation, change of practice, the lack of experience with PBM, the feasibility to integrate PBM, electronic documentation and schedule budget for required instruments, resources, and personnel. Hospitals differ globally in the aspect of infrastructure, personnel and properties, and it is necessary to individualize according to the local situation.

CONCLUSION:
The review highlights the importance of PBM and its implementation for obtaining patient safety. PBM establishing in hospitals as a complex process have different challenges and barriers. Sharing experiences is essential to success in the PBM programs. Cooperation between countries will be useful in PBM spreading.
Intrauterine transfusion in hydropic fetuses: An outcome analysis
Authors: Parashar Rashmi , Bajpayee Archana , Anne Puneeth Babu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract:
The objective of this study is to determine the perinatal outcome in pregnancies with hydropic fetuses. The study was a retrospective evaluation of data on intrauterine transfusion (IUT) done in hydropic fetuses for correction of severe anemia from December 2017 to August 2021 in AIIMS Jodhpur. The retrospective case series involves five cases that underwent IUT for severe fetal anemia. All had a sign of hydrops at the time of presentation. Out of five cases, four were of alloimmunized pregnancies while one was of hydrops fetalis secondary to parvovirus infection. The presence of severe hydrops at the time of presentation is a poor prognostic factor affecting fetal survival post-IUT therapy.
Second Hand Tobacco Smoke Exposure among Adults in an Urbanized Village in Delhi
Authors: Bhandari Yukti , Kishore Jugal , Yadav Abhilasha , Das Aritrik 
Published: June 2024

Background:
India contributes to the maximum of the world’s health burdens attributable to tobacco use. Exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) is also associated with adverse health effects, causing 1.2 million deaths worldwide each year. In Delhi, 28.0% had SHS exposure at public places. About one-fifth experienced exposure to SHS at workplace. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of SHS exposure among adults in an urbanized village in Delhi.

Materials and Method:
It was a community-based cross-sectional house-to-house survey conducted between January 2020 and June 2021 in Aliganj, an urbanized village in Delhi. A total of 490 residents ≥15 years were included using simple random sampling. The interview was conducted by the primary author using the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS). Each subject enrolled in the study was explicitly informed of the purpose of the study by the investigator and provided written informed consent before enrolment. Data were checked for errors, entered in Microsoft Excel, and analyzed in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS).

Results:
Of the 490 participants, 14.7% were exposed to SHS in their house and 16.1% were exposed to SHS outside the house in the last 1 month. The majority (85.3%) believed secondhand smoking is harmful, 6.5% disagreed, and the rest were unaware.

Conclusion:
Though most participants knew that exposure to SHS can cause serious illness, further awareness sessions need to be conducted to improve knowledge and understanding and reduce exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke in homes. Strict adherence to no-smoking policies should be implemented as per law to reduce exposure to SHS in public areas.
Prevalence, Determinants, and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Urinary Tract Infections in Antenatal Women in an Urban Resettlement Colony and Slum in Delhi, India: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Gupta Divya , Singh Mongjam M. , Basu Saurav , Garg Suneela , Baveja CP , Mala YM 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common bacterial infection occurring in pregnant women with untreated, recurrent, and inadequately treated bacteriuria accentuating the risk of multiple adverse fetal and maternal health outcomes. The study objective was to determine the proportion of UTIs and their predictors along with antibiotic resistance patterns of causative organisms in pregnant women.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted among 348 pregnant women in an urban resettlement and slum colony. Urine samples were examined through semi-quantitative culture on plated Mac Conkey and blood agar. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done on Muller Hinton agar using the modified Stokes’ disc diffusion method.

Results:
At least one symptom related to UTI was reported by 35.7% (95% CI: 30.7-41.1) of the participants. The proportion of pregnant women detected having UTI on urine culture was 7.4% (n = 24, 95% CI: 5.1-10.8) with 13 (54.2%) asymptomatic and 11 (45.8%) symptomatic cases. Overcrowding was a significant predictor of UTI. The most common organisms detected were Escherichia coli (n = 12), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 7), Staphylococcus aureus (n = 3), and Acinetobacter species (n = 2).

Conclusions:
The use of individual toilets and active screening for UTI through culture and sensitivity testing in pregnant women should be promoted in low-resource settings irrespective of symptoms. The initiation of presumptive antibiotic therapy for UTI cases in pregnant women should be restricted to painful micturition due to high false positivity of other symptoms with Nitrofurantoin being a likely preferred drug for empirical administration due to its low resistance pattern among isolated organisms.
Effectiveness of Awareness Training on Birth Preparedness and Complication Readiness among Community Health Workers of New Delhi, India
Authors: Mamta  , Tara Tarana , Singh Garima 
Published: June 2024

Background:
In India, current maternal mortality ratio is 97/100,000 livebirths, and still more efforts are needed to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3, target 1 of 70/100,000 livebirths. Women die because of complications during and following pregnancy and childbirth. Skilled care during and immediately after delivery has been identified as one of the key strategies in reducing maternal mortality. Birth preparedness and complication readiness (BPCR) has been implemented as a comprehensive strategy to fill this gap. BPCR is one of the key interventions to reduce the maternal mortality.

Materials and Methods:
This was a community-based before and after interventional study (quasi-experimental study) and was conducted in two randomly selected primary health centers of South West district of Delhi.

Results:
A total of 152 community health workers (CHWs) took part in the study. About one fourth (22.03%) had knowledge regarding water breakage without labor, which increased to 85.53% after training and was statistically significant (P < 0.0001). Mean knowledge score preintervention was 4.35 (1.82), whereas the postintervention mean knowledge score was 8.98 (0.99) and was statistically significant (P < 0.0001)

Conclusion:
Though awareness of CHWs on some aspects of the BPCR components was good before the training program, marked improvement was seen in most of the domains after the training session.
A comparison of cardiopulmonary endurance, fatigue level, and life satisfaction among paramedical married working women and housewives
Authors: Chavda Jyoti Amarsinhbhai , Chokshi Tejas Rameshchandra , Patel Mansi H. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:
Physical fitness is the ability to perform everyday work with enthusiasm and alertness, without undue exhaustion, and with the energy to enjoy leisure activities and respond to unforeseen situations. Working as an employee and in-house requires both physical as well mental health to accomplish daily tasks, therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate cardiopulmonary endurance, fatigue level, and life satisfaction among paramedical married working women and housewives.

METHODOLOGY:
Sixty-four women (32 paramedical married working women and 32 housewives) were recruited as per inclusion criteria. Outcome measures were 6-min walk test, Chalder Fatigue Scale, and satisfaction of life scale, performed to evaluate cardiopulmonary endurance, fatigue level, and life satisfaction, respectively.

RESULTS:
Unpaired t-test was performed to evaluate the significance in primary outcomes. Cardiorespiratory endurance was statistically significant in paramedical working women (P = 0.001), but no significance of difference in fatigue level (P = 0.455) and life satisfaction (0.6625) in both groups.

CONCLUSION:
Although there is a statistical difference in cardiorespiratory endurance, working women are fully satisfied with their jobs as well as handling the responsibility of home and housewives are happy with working at house and managing family responsibilities without undue fatigue.
Exploring the Mobile Mindscape: An investigation into the nexus of nomophobia, social appearance anxiety, and academic performance in physiotherapy students
Authors: Singh Ashutosh , Sharma Deepesh , Gupta Riya 
Published: June 2024

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:
In the 21st century, nomophobia (NMP) is a growing problem as it results in various physical and mental health issues. NMP, or smartphone separation anxiety, has drawn greater attention because of its negative consequences. This study aims to investigate NMP’s correlation with social appearance anxiety and assess its influence on academic performance.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS:
A cross-sectional online survey was conducted using a validated NMP and Social Appearance Anxiety Scale questionnaire on the Google Forms platform. Two hundred forty-nine physiotherapy students participated in the survey.

RESULTS:
The participant’s mean age was 20.38 ± 2.32, with 43.4% of females and 56.6% of males. Among physiotherapy students, the prevalence of NMP was 99.6%. The total mean score of NMP was 79.51 ± 27.93, which suggests a moderate case of NMP. Social appearance anxiety and NMP were positively correlated (r = 0.266, P ≤ 0.001). The results showed a weak negative, insignificant correlation (r = -0.073, P = 0.251) between academic performance and NMP.

CONCLUSION:
Nomophobia is common in physiotherapy students with a major prevalence of moderate level, and it is positively correlated with social appearance anxiety.
ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA VIDEO ANIMASI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN MENYIMAK ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Adistiarachma Nazila , Alia Dwi 
Published: June 2024

Perkembangan bahasa pada anak usia dini merupakan hal yang penting dan tidak boleh diabaikan. Bahasa memungkinkan anak dapat berkomunikasi, berinteraksi, serta bersosialisasi dengan lingkungan sekitarnya. Salah satu keterampilan berbahasa yang harus dimiliki oleh anak adalah menyimak. Menyimak merupakan keterampilan awal sebelum anak dapat berbicara, membaca, dan menulis. Anak yang memiliki keterampilan menyimak yang baik akan dapat mengoptimalkan proses belajarnya. Oleh karena itu, penting mengembangkan keterampilan menyimak anak. Hal tersebut dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan media yang menarik bagi anak, salah satunya adalah dengan menggunakan video animasi. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, peneliti melakukan analisis dasar kebutuhan untuk mengetahui kebutuhan di lapangan terkait video animasi untuk selanjutnya dijadikan landasan dalam pengembangan media. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Research and Development dengan desain ADDIE. Hasil penelitian didasarkan pada dua hal yaitu hasil studi lapangan dan studi literatur. Berdasarkan hasil studi lapangan diperoleh data terkait permasalahan keterampilan menyimak anak serta minimnya media yang khusus digunakan untuk mengembangkan keterampilan menyimak. Hasil studi literatur menunjukan bahwa keterampilan menyimak penting untuk dikembangkan melalui media yang menarik, salah satunya adalah dengan video animasi.