bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soluble mesothelin related peptides (SMRP) and osteopontin as protein biomarkers for malignant mesothelioma: analytical validation of ELISA based assays and characterization at mRNA and protein levels
Authors: Rai Alex J. , Flores Raja M. , Mathew Anu , Gonzalez-Espinoza Rita , Bott Matthew , Ladanyi Marc , Rusch Valerie , Fleisher Martin 
Published: February 2010

Abstract

Background: There is a need to identify reliable markers for malignant mesothelioma. Soluble mesothelin related peptides (SMRP) and osteopontin (OPN) have gained interest in recent years for this purpose.

Methods: SMRP (Fujirebio Diagnostics Inc.) and OPN (R&D Inc.) ELISA methods were evaluated for multiple parameters. Concentrations were measured in blood from patients with mesothelioma, normal healthy volunteers, and patients with other (non-mesothelioma) cancers. In silico analysis was performed using the GeoProfiles database. At the protein level, SMRP and OPN were measured in cell culture supernatants, and values were compared in patients pre- and post-extrapleural pneumonectomy.

Results: The SMRP assay demonstrates intra-assay CVs of 2.3% and 3% (at 4.6 nM and 13.7 nM, respectively), and inter-assay CVs of 3.5% and 3.7% at the same concentrations. The limit of detection (LOD) is 0.182 nM. The OPN assay demonstrates intra-assay CVs of 5.8%, 4.1%, and 5.2% (at 1.9, 5.1, and 11.1 ng/mL, respectively), and inter-assay CVs of 8.5%, 8.4%, and 12.1% at the same concentrations. The LOD is 0.032 ng/mL. Both SMRP and OPN in mesothelioma patients were significantly higher than in patients with other (non-mesothelioma) cancer and in healthy volunteers. The two markers do not appear to correlate with each other and exhibit different tissue expression patterns. Protein concentrations of these markers are highest in different sets of cell lines. Finally, SMRP but not OPN concentrations were decreased in five of seven consecutive patients after extrapleural pneumonectomy, compared to their respective pre-operative values.

Conclusions: These assays provide reliable and reproducible quantitation of SMRP and OPN proteins. Both are increased in mesothelioma patients compared to non-mesothelioma controls. However, the two analytes do not correlate with each other and show distinct expression profiles and protein expression. Concentrations of SMRP but not OPN are decreased in post-surgical samples. Our results further characterize these markers, establish assay performance characteristics, and lay the groundwork for further studies to measure these markers in blood.
Clin Chem Lab Med 2010;48:271–8.
Genotyping mitochondrial DNA single nucleotide polymorphisms by PCR ligase detection reactions
Authors: Luo Yongjun , Tang Sha , Gao Wenxiang , Chen Li , Yang Xiaohong , Huang Taosheng , Gao Yuqi 
Published: February 2010

Abstract

Background: The identification of human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence variations, especially single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), is important for many applications. The PCR-ligase detection reaction (LDR) method can reduce false-positives and eliminate the need for both post-PCR and post-ligation purifications in SNP analyses. In addition, it has been successfully employed to detect point mutations in various nuclear genes. In this study, we used the PCR-LDR platform to characterize mtDNA SNPs.

Methods: Multiplex PCR-LDRs were used to genotype 19 mtDNA single nucleotide polymorphic sites from 812 samples. Performance of the method was assessed by direct sequencing of 44 samples.

Results: We established an overall 97.4% success rate with 99.2% accuracy using the multiplex PCR-LDR methodology.

Conclusions: The PCR-LDR mtDNA genotyping technique is simple, highly accurate, has high-throughput, and is cost-effective. Therefore, this method is applicable to mtDNA haplotyping in various applications.
Clin Chem Lab Med 2010;48:475–83.
Low expression of human β-defensin 1 in duodenum of celiac patients is partially restored by a gluten-free diet
Authors: Intrieri Mariano , Rinaldi Assunta , Scudiero Olga , Autiero Giovanni , Castaldo Giuseppe , Nardone Gerardo 
Published: February 2010

Abstract

Background: Human β-defensins (hBDs) are small cationic, widely expressed proteins involved in innate immunity that exert strong bactericidal activity toward various pathogens. However, the role of hBDs in various diseases to which bacterial infection add severity, as it is in celiac disease (CD), is not yet clear. We analyzed the expression of the hBD1, hBD2, hBD3 and hBD4 genes in patients with CD during the active phase and after remission following a gluten-free diet to determine their role in development and relapse of CD.

Methods: We studied 21 unrelated adults with CD (confirmed by anti-thyroglobulin antibodies and intestinal biopsy); 14 were evaluated at diagnosis, before diet modification, and seven after 2 years of a gluten-free diet. Thirty-six unrelated adults served as controls. We analyzed the mRNA expression of hBD1, 2, 3 and 4 on biopsy samples of duodenum obtained from all patients during endoscopy for diagnostic purposes. We used real-time polymerase chain reaction with TaqMan probes and obtained gene expression data using the delta-Ct method.

Results:
hBD1 mRNA was significantly lower in patients with active CD compared with patients on diet modification, whereas the mRNA levels of the other three defensins did not differ significantly between the two subgroups. Interestingly, the gluten-free diet restored only partially hBD1 expression as compared to a normal group of celiac-free subjects.

Conclusions: Our data reinforce the evidence that hBD1 expression is greatly reduced in the duodenum of patients with active CD. It also strengthens the concept that reduced activity of immune peptides may predispose individuals to bacterial proliferation that contributes to the pathogenesis of CD.
Clin Chem Lab Med 2010;48:489–92.
Conversational behaviour of children with Developmental Language Delay and their caretakers
Authors: van Balkom Hans , Verhoeven Ludo , van Weerdenburg Marjolijn 
Published: February 2010

Background: A subset of children with Developmental Language Delay (DLD) encountered difficulties with the regulation of spoken discourse. In the conversations of caretakers with DLD children, several studies report difficulties with turn‐taking, a proneness to use the non‐verbal register, child and caretaker problems with topic management. Longitudinal research has yet to be conducted on the conversational behaviour of young DLD children and their caretakers.Aims: The study investigates the development of style and structure of conversations between preschool‐aged DLD children and their caretakers.Method & Procedures: In a longitudinal design, language samples from twelve DLD children and six Normal Language‐Acquiring (NLA) children and their caretakers were recorded in semi‐structured play situations at two‐month intervals across a period of 18 months. The children were between 2 and 3 years of age at the start of the study.Outcomes & Results: The data show that the DLD children predominantly use restricted linguistic forms, non‐verbal register and experience difficulties with turn‐taking, topic initiation and topic maintenance. The conversational style of the caretakers in dialogue with their DLD children consistently showed more attention‐gathering turns, formulaic corrections, self‐repetitions and re‐introductions of topics when compared with the conversational style of caretakers in dialogue with their NLA children across the 18 months.Conclusions & Implications: Caretakers in DLD dyads appear to develop a less facilitative conversational style and a decrease of contingencies in initiations and responses over time. The result is little opportunity for the conversational and linguistic skills of the DLD children to develop. Parental guidance in the form of conversational training, child‐adjusted register, contingent response behaviour and the provision of language materials which can help the child discover his or her role as a conversational partner and recognize the different perspectives of conversational partners is emphasized.
Changes in Clemenceau Icefield and Chaba Group glaciers, Canada, related to hypsometry, tributary detachment, length–slope and area–aspect relations
Authors: Jiskoot Hester , Curran Colleen J. , Tessler Dez L. , Shenton Leslee R. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractWe compiled a detailed glacier inventory of 176 glaciers in the Clemenceau Icefield Group (CIG) and adjacent Chaba Group (CH), Canada, based on 2001 Landsat 7 and 2000–03 ASTER satellite imagery and Natural Resources Canada digital elevation models. We used this inventory to measure length and mass-balance changes and their possible controls. A classification of glacier hypsometry in the form of a hypsometric index was used to assess the sensitivity of different glacier systems to a unit rise in snowline. The altitude and AAR of possible steady-state ELAs was derived using several methods, and was compared to late-summer snowlines of 2001 .We further compared planar glacier area to slope-corrected area, and compared the effects on the shape of the hypsometric curves, on the total glacier area and on the aspect–area distribution. In 2001, CIG had a glaciated area of 271 km2 and had lost 42 km2 since the mid-1980s. CH had a total area of 69 km2 and had lost 28 km2. Average retreat rates are 14 ma–1 for the period 1850–2001 (n=39) and 21 ma–1 for 1986/87–2001 (n=23), indicating accelerated retreat. Larger glaciers and those that experience tributary detachment tend to retreat faster. The difference between planar and slope-corrected glacier areas ranges from 5% to 20%, with a 6% increase for the entire CIG/CH region. The area increase does not change the shape of the hypsometric curves.
Challenges and recommendations in mapping of glacier parameters from space: results of the 2008 Global Land Ice Measurements from Space (GLIMS) workshop, Boulder, Colorado, USA
Authors: Racoviteanu Adina E. , Paul Frank , Raup Bruce , Khalsa Siri Jodha Singh , Armstrong Richard 
Published: February 2010

AbstractOn 16–18 June 2008 the US National Snow and Ice Data Center held a GLIMS workshop in Boulder, CO, USA, focusing on formulating procedures and best practices for operational glacier mapping using satellite imagery. Despite the progress made in recent years, there still remain many cases where automatic delineation of glacier boundaries in satellite imagery is difficult, error prone or time-consuming. This workshop identified six themes for consideration by focus groups: (1) mapping clean ice and lakes; (2) mapping ice divides; (3) mapping debris-covered glaciers; (4) assessing changes in glacier area and elevation through comparisons with older data; (5) digital elevation model (DEM) generation from satellite stereo pairs; and (6) accuracy and error analysis. Talks presented examples and work in progress for each of these topics, and focus groups worked on compiling a summary of available algorithms and procedures to address and avoid identified hurdles. Special emphasis was given to establishing standard protocols for glacier delineation and analysis, creating illustrated tutorials and providing source code for available methods. This paper summarizes the major results of the 2008 GLIMS workshop, with an emphasis on definitions, methods and recommendations for satellite data processing. While the list of proposed methods and recommendations is not comprehensive and is still a work in progress, our goal here is to provide a starting point for the GLIMS regional centers as well as for the wider glaciological community in terms of documentation on possible pitfalls along with potential solutions.
The Glacier Inventory of China
Authors: Shi Yafeng , Liu Chaohai , Kang Ersi 
Published: February 2010

AbstractFollowing recommendations from the International Commission on Snow and Ice for a world glacier inventory, an inventory of glaciers in China was carried out by Chinese glaciologists from 1978 to 2002. Each glacier was measured from aerial photographs and topographical maps and 34 parameters recorded. These parameters were then analyzed statistically for the various river systems in China. Twelve volumes of the Glacier Inventory of China (GIC) have been published, consisting of 22 parts in 21 books. The data were subsequently abridged into a Concise GIC, published in Chinese (2005) and in English (2008), to make the glacier inventory more accessible and better adapted for assessing glacier response to climate change. After the GIC was completed, new aerial photographs became available and remote-sensing techniques became more common. To investigate glacier changes since completion of the first GIC, a second Glacier Inventory of China was initiated in 2007. This 5 year project, supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology, will be undertaken mainly using remote-sensing techniques.
Glacier changes in the Karlik Shan, eastern Tien Shan, during 1971/72–2001/02
Authors: Wang Yetang , Hou Shugui , Liu Yaping 
Published: February 2010

AbstractGlacier changes in the Karlik Shan, eastern Tien Shan, from 1971/72 to 2001/02 were monitored in this study. Topographic maps of 1 : 50 000 scale based on aerial photographs from 1971/72 and satellite images (Landsat TM, Landsat ETM+ and ASTER) from 1992, 2001 and 2002 were used to map glacier extent through a process of manual digitizing. The total glacier area decreased by 5.3% from 1971/72 to 2001/02. The rate of glacier area shrinkage was 0.13% a–1 between 1972 and 1992, but it was 0.27% a–1 from 1992 to 2001/02, suggesting accelerated glacier retreat in recent decades. Glacier changes in the region are a response to summer temperature increase. Annual precipitation also showed an upward trend, but this could not compensate for the mass loss due to ablation.
Franz Schubert était-il viennois? // Was Franz Schubert a Viennese ?
Authors: Lazzarotti Olivier 
Published: February 2010

At the crossroad of studies analysing the world through its geographic dimension
and the ones dealing with a man, as a singular universality, this paper is based on a geographic definition of identity, conceived as a self-to-self relation made possible by the world. It focuses on two notions: la "place", defined as all the places used by a single man, and le "placement", which refers to the formation process of places. Both define a "geographic signatures" that identifie each and every inhabitants and give an account, as a result as well as a process, of one's singularisation in the world. Could it then be possible to discuss a man's life through its geography? Franz Schubert's life in Vienna provides some answers to the question. They should be seen as a heuristic test, in particular in its insistance on the relation between the inhabited space and the inhabitants which defines what is it to inhabit.
De la fête aux loisirs : évènement, marchandisation et invention des lieux
Authors: Crozat Dominique , Fournier Sébastien 
Published: February 2010

This paper aims at renewing studies on festive and leisure practices in the contemporary Western societies. In order to overcome the classical opposition marking
a break between ordinary time and festive time, we first question the notions of event and leisure. The analysis of festive periods as an expression of
specific conceptions of time and space has allowed us to link several characteristics and functions of contemporary festivals: closer to leisure, standardized and merchandised, it has remained a source of beliefs and empowerment. Fairs
and festivals contribute to the construction of Personal identity, in offering the
body a way of expression, wbile providing a territorial ideology, as well as trivialization and negation of places.
Le foncier urbain en Afrique entre informel et rationnel, l'exemple de Nouakchott (Mauritanie)
Authors: Choplin Armelle 
Published: February 2010

Source of conflicts as well as of revenues, urban land has become the inévitable prism to understand lhe dynamics and mutations at play in the African cities. Through lhe example of the Mauritanian capital, Nouakchott, this article focuses on the actors' stratégies, for one part, and on the networks and links existing between politics and urbanization, on the other. Created in 1 957, Nouakchott
is today inhabiled by one million persons. In this section of Sahara, urban sprawl leaded lo a gênerai anarchy in spatial use. Auihorities have intended to control urbanization, notably by limiting land access. Several lavvs have been published but, aclually, they are frequently ignored. People know the législation, but they also learnt how to infringe it, in following a few codes and ways of doing. Misiniorniation
and illegalily are thus linked to the urban land question. Al lhe end, it can be called a rational informai sector.
Aspects économiques de l'occupation allemande en France, 1940-1944: l'exemple de l'industrie électrotechnique
Authors: Homburg Heidrun 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
A prerequisite to understanding economic collaboration, its outcome, reach, and limits is to take into account the particular regime that prevailed in an occupied territory and the fact that economic collaboration is a process shaped over time by the interactions between occupiers and occupied. The article tries to illustrate this basic assumption by a case study of the French and German electrical engineering industry. The peculiar features of this industry, its long-standing internationalism and the fact that all the major French and German companies were integrated into a network of multilateral relations that often included the giant American companies as third party, had an ambivalent impact. On the one hand, the existing relations made it easier for the German electrical engineering companies to employ the French resources for their own war effort and to integrate the French plants into their production schemes, thus fostering economic collaboration; on the other hand they limited its reach and destructive intensity, as both parties, the French and the German top managers alike, realized by 1943 that the balance of power was about to shift and that the future existence of their firms depended on the cooperation with the Americans after the end of the war.
Les infortunes de la fidélité - Les partisans du pouvoir royal dans les parlements au XVIIIe siècle
Authors: Chaline Olivier 
Published: February 2010

Résumé
Une meilleure compréhension des parlements au XVIIIe siècle nécessite une connaissance plus précise des protégés des ministres et des partisans de l'autorité royale. À Paris, Rouen et Rennes, ces hommes connurent le même destin : ils furent engagés par Versailles dans de rudes combats puis abandonnés. L'incohérence et l'ingratitude furent les deux caractéristiques principales de l'échec de la Cour à tenir les parlements.
Incidence des langues sur le développement de la cohésion en L1 et en L2 : gestion du statut des entités dans une tâche de récit
Authors: Lambert Monique , Lenart Ewa 
Published: February 2010

Monique Lambert & Ewa Lenart: Impact of available linguistic forms in different L1s: marking information status in L1 and L2.
This comparative study investigates the impact of language specific means and constraints to mark new vs. given information on L1 and L2 development. It is based on a film retelling task involving Polish, English and French L1s (4, 7 and 10 years) and Polish and English advanced learners of L2 French (10 subjects per group). Results across languages show that marking information status is a late development in L1 (from 7 years on) as opposed to formal correctness. The L2s mark new and given contrast with the means available for this purpose but have problems with gender and case. Specific means available in individual languages influence acquisition both ways. Children rather use forms coding one function, increasing early correctness. But this strategy hinders use of alternative expressions and delays their acquisition.
L'expression de la causalité dans le discours narratif en français L1 et L2
Authors: Benazzo Sandra 
Published: February 2010

Sandra Benazzo : L'expression de la causalité dans le discours narratif en français Ll et L2.
This paper relates the results of a developmental study on the expression of causal relations in French Ll and L2: we analyze the narrative discourse of French monolingual children aged 4, 7 and 10 in comparison to the narrative production of adult German and Polish learners of French L2. The analysis focuses on temporal vs. causal interclausal linking, the semantic type of the causal relations expressed and the linguistic means used to mark them. The results highlight similarities as well as specific features in the developmental pattern of the two populations: the child's development of causal relations reflects the elaboration of an underlying narrative structure, while the adult learner produce from the very beginning complete and coherent stories; all groups of children prefer to express causal relations which preserve the temporal succession of events (preference for marking consequence), while the progressive explicitation of causal relations in L2 can be best explained as attempts to diversify temporal relations from succession (preference for marking cause and goals).
Stratégies d'effacement énonciatif et posture de surénonciation dans le Dictionnaire philosophique de Comte-Sponville
Authors: Rabatel Alain 
Published: February 2010

Alain Rabatel: Strategies of enunciative effacement and superenunciation posture in Comte-Sponville's Dictionnaire philosophique.
Using an example from a philosophical dictionary, this article analyses the construction of enunciative postures, essentially those of the superenunciator, in a context marked by various forms of enunciative effacement, ranging from enunciative effacement stricto sensu to lato sensu forms of ЕЕ with enunciative disengagement. It emphasizes the posture of the superenunciator adopted by the speaker, through discourse management, the recontextualisation of reported speech and the argumentative role that it confers on them to support his own vision of things, by choosing when and how he wants to quote, by deciding on the beginning and the end of the quotation, by selecting the verbal episodes of the verba dicendi, by playing on range, the modalities of the sentence, and the argumentative orientation of the quotation, or by drawing on argumentative mechanisms based on polyphonic authority.
Terminologie traductive et représentation des connaissances : l'usage des relations hyponymiques
Authors: Janssen Maarten , Van Campenhoudt Marc 
Published: February 2010

Maarten Janssen, Marc van Campenhoudt : Terminologie traductive et représentation des connaissances : l'usage des relations hyponymiques.
One of the major problems in multilingual terminology is the existence of lexical gaps. Amongst the models that have been proposed to deal with this problem are the TERMISTI model, using a tree, and SIMuLLDa, using a lattice. The TERMISTI model is prompted by a practical need; the SIMuLLDA system is a practical implementation of a formal framework. This article gives a brief overview and a comparison of these two models, and how they deal with lexical gaps. A central question is whether the concrete cases raised by the TERMISTI project can be correctly dealt with in the more formalised SIMuLLDA system. The major obstacle for the SIMuLLDA system are the cases of partial overlap, where two terms have overlapping, but non-identical meanings.
La révision de texte : L'approche de la psychologie Cognitive
Authors: Heurley Laurent 
Published: February 2010

Laurent HEURLEY: La révision de texte: l’approche de la psychologie cognitive:
During the past 25 years many studies have been done on text revision in cognitive psychology. However, one must aknowledge that revision is still an ill-defined concept. Revision definitions are rarely expressed in operational terms and differ from one researcher to another. This paper aims at clarifying what we mean by text revision by reviewing the main definitions available in cognitive psychology, the methods that are used to analyse text revision and the different subprocesses of the revision process that researchers have identified.