bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human circular RNA hsa_circ_0000231 clinical diagnostic effectiveness as a new tumor marker in gastric cancer
Authors: Fang Ronghua , Yuan Wentao , Mao Chunyan , Cao Jing , Chen Hongmei , Shi Xiuying , Cong Hui 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundOwing to the subtlety of initial symptoms associated with gastric cancer (GC), the majority of patients are diagnosed at later stages. Given the absence of reliable diagnostic markers, it is imperative to identify novel markers that exhibit high sensitivity and specificity. Circular RNA, a non‐coding RNA, plays an important role in tumorigenesis and development and is well expressed in body fluids.AimsIn this study, we aimed to identify hsa_circ_0000231 as a new biomarker for the diagnosis of GC and to assess its clinical diagnostic value in serum.Methods and ResultsThe stability and correctness of hsa_circ_0000231 was determined by agarose gel electrophoresis, Rnase R assay and Sanger sequencing. Real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) was designed to discover the expression level of hsa_circ_0000231 and whether it has dynamic serum monitoring capability. The correlation between hsa_circ_0000231 and clinicopathological parameters was analyzed by collecting clinical and pathological data from GC patients. In addition, diagnostic efficacy was assessed by constructing receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC). Hsa_circ_0000231 exhibits a stable and consistently expressed structure. In GC serum, cells, and tissues, it demonstrates reduced expression levels. Elevated expression levels observed postoperatively suggest its potential for dynamic monitoring. Additionally its expression level correlates with TNM staging and neuro/vascular differentiation. The area under ROC curve (AUC) for hsa_circ_0000231 is 0.781, indicating its superior diagnostic value compared to CEA, CA19‐9, and CA72‐4. The combination of these four indicators enhances diagnostic accuracy, with an AUC of 0.833.ConclusionsThe stable expression of hsa_circ_0000231 in the serum of gastric cancer patients holds promise as a novel biomarker for both the diagnosis and dynamic monitoring of GC.
Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Atogepant Co‐administered with Quinidine Gluconate in Healthy Participants: A Phase 1, Open‐Label, Drug‐Drug Interaction Study
Authors: Boinpally Ramesh , Borbridge Lisa , Wangsadipura Veronica 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAtogepant, an oral calcitonin gene‐related peptide receptor antagonist, is approved for the preventive treatment of migraine. Atogepant is a substrate of P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp), breast cancer resistance protein, organic anion transporting polypeptide transporters, and cytochrome P450 (CYP)3A4 and 2D6. Quinidine is a strong P‐gp and CYP2D6 inhibitor. A phase 1 open‐label study evaluated the effect of P‐gp and CYP2D6 inhibition by quinidine on the pharmacokinetics of atogepant, and the safety and tolerability of atogepant and quinidine gluconate (QG) when co‐administered and when given alone in 33 healthy adults. There was no significant change in the atogepant maximum plasma concentration with QG co‐administration. The overall systemic exposure, the area under the plasma concentration‐time curve (from time 0 to time t or to infinity), of atogepant increased by 25% when co‐administered with QG. However, such an increase was not considered clinically relevant. Atogepant did not alter the mean plasma concentration of quinidine at steady state. The incidence of treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs) was highest when QG was administered alone (42.4%), which was primarily due to QT prolongation. Most TEAEs reported were mild in severity and resolved within 1‐2 days. Co‐administration of atogepant with QG did not result in any unexpected tolerability findings in this phase 1 study in healthy participants. The increase in atogepant exposure during QG co‐administration could be due to inhibition of CYP2D6 (a minor contributor to atogepant clearance) as well as inhibition of P‐gp.
Fabrication of Efficient and Simple‐Structured Perovskite Solar Cells Using a Multifunctional Biocolina Surface Treatment
Authors: Huang Shuai , Guan Baolu , Li Jing 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe electron transport layer (ETL)‐free perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have gained significant interest by simplifying the manufacture process and reducing the time/energy required for the fabrication of ETLs. Unfortunately, the performance of these ETL‐free PSCs still lags behind those of the conventional counterparts due to the slow electron extraction and undesired interfacial charge recombination loss at the buried interface. In this work, a facile and multifunctional biocolina thin layer is incorporated on the bottom electrodes to regulate the interface energy level alignment by forming an interface dipole layer, resulting in a suppressed nonradiative recombination and an improved charge extraction. Furthermore, the biocolina thin layer possess the capability to passivate the surface defects within the perovskite films while simultaneously facilitate the formation of perovskite crystals. Consequently, a remarkable enhancement in photovoltaic performance is observed in the biocolina‐based ETL‐free PSCs with an increase from 15.96 % to an outstanding 20.01 %. Additionally, the biocolina extends the stability and relieves the hysteresis effect through the interface defect passivation and inhibition of interface charge accumulation. This research contributes to the development of cost‐effective, simplified designs for highly efficient ETL‐free PSCs by modifying the bottom electrodes.
Generation of New Synthons for Synthesis Through Activation of Nitromethane
Authors: Wang Wenxuan , Zhao Lixing , Zhang Yuexia 
Published: May 2024

AbstractNitromethane is used as a common solvent, stabilizer, and fuel additive. Nitromethane has also been used as a sustainable building block and convenient reagent in chemical synthesis. In this Minireview, we summarize the recent advances in activation of nitromethane, using nitromethane as the source of cyano group, nitrogen, methylamine, formyl group, C1, nitroso, and oxime.
Synthesis and Optical Property Modulation of Substituted [2.2]Paracylophanes through Through‐Space Conjugation
Authors: Lambud Sushil , Bhadke Anil , Siddiqui Zahir Ali , Chaudhari Vaishali , Sekar Nagaiyan , Bhosale Rajesh , More Sandeep 
Published: May 2024

Abstract4,16‐para‐substituted [2.2]paracylophanes with naphthalene (PCP‐NAP), anthracene (PCP‐ANTH), and tetraphenylethylene (PCP‐TPE), as new through‐space conjugated dimers, were prepared by the Suzuki‐Miyaura cross‐coupling reaction of 4,16‐diboryl[2.2]paracyclophane and the corresponding bromo derivative using Pd(PPh3)4 as a catalyst and KOH as a base. The synthesized compounds were fully characterized by NMR and HR‐MS, and their photophysical and electrochemical properties were studied. The photoluminescence quantum yield of PCP‐NAP, PCP‐ANTH were determined to be 0.21, 0.50, and for PCP‐TPE in aggregated state 0.31, respectively. PCP‐TPE exhibited aggregation‐induced emission characteristics when the water fraction was greater than 50 % in THF/water mixtures. PCP‐ANTH and PCP‐TPE were also characterized by X‐ray crystallography, PCP‐ANTH crystallizes in centrosymmetric monoclinic space group C2/c and PCP‐TPE crystallizes in the centrosymmetric triclinic space group P‐1 with one molecule residing at the inversion center. The observed properties of these π‐stacked dimers were compared with respect to through‐space conjugation and conjugation length in the structure.
Physical activity should be the primary intervention for individuals living with chronic pain A position paper from the European Pain Federation (EFIC) ‘On the Move’ Task Force
Authors: Vaegter Henrik Bjarke , Kinnunen Marja , Verbrugghe Jonas , Cunningham Caitriona , Meeus Mira , Armijo‐Olivo Susan , Bandholm Thomas , Fullen Brona M. , Wittink Harriet , Morlion Bart , Reneman Michiel F. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundThere is clear evidence demonstrating the benefits of physical activity (PA) on pain and overall health, however, PA is challenging for many individuals living with chronic pain. Even non‐exercise specialists can (cost) effectively promote PA, but many health professionals report a number of barriers in providing guidance on PA, suggesting that it is not consistently promoted. This expert position paper summarizes the evidence and provides five recommendations for health professionals to assess, advise and support individuals living with any chronic pain condition with a long life expectancy in adopting and sustaining physically active lifestyles.MethodsThis position paper was prepared by the ‘On The Move’ Task Force of the European Pain Federation EFIC. Final recommendations were endorsed by the European Pain Forum, Pain Alliance Europe and the Executive Board of EFIC.ResultsWe recommend that all health professionals (1) Take a history of the persons' PA levels, and put PA on the agenda, (2) Advise that PA is important and safe for individuals living with chronic pain, (3) Deliver a brief PA intervention and support individuals living with chronic pain in becoming physically active, (4) Discuss acceptable levels of PA‐related soreness and pain and (5) Provide ongoing support in staying physically active.SignificancePhysical activity is safe and offers several advantages, including general health benefits, low risk of side effects, low cost and not requiring access to healthcare. Adoption of these recommendations can improve the quality of care and life of individuals living with chronic pain and reduce their overall health risks.
Working fluid selection and performance analysis for multistage ship waste heat recovery based on thermal power generation‐organic Rankine cycle combined cycle
Authors: Li Huaan , Liu Changxin , Shi Feixiong , Zhao Zhenzhen , Xu Zhenhong , Feng Xing 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe energy utilization rate of ships is low, and waste heat accounts for most of the energy loss of the main engine. In this work, a new method called the thermal power generation‐organic Rankine cycle cascaded cycle is suggested to recover ships waste heat in a cascade utilization way. When comparing the performances of R245fa and R1234ze as working fluids, factors such as performance simulation, environmental protection, and safety were taken into account. Based on these simulation, the organic working fluid chosen is R245fa. On the basis of the cascaded cycle, the influence of working fluid flow rates on essential performance parameters, such as power‐production cost, power output, thermal efficiency, and waste heat utilization of main engine flue gas is explored. The experimental system performs at its best for all metrics when the working fluid flow rates is 0.0403 kg/s, including power output of 483.25 W, thermal efficiency of 8.34%, power‐production cost of 0.3464 $/kWh, and waste heat utilization of main engine flue gas of 69.05%.
Characterization of tau propagation pattern and cascading hypometabolism from functional connectivity in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Wang Min , Lu Jiaying , Zhang Ying , Zhang Qi , Wang Luyao , Wu Ping , Brendel Matthias , Rominger Axel , Shi Kuangyu , Zhao Qianhua , Jiang Jiehui , Zuo Chuantao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTau pathology and its spatial propagation in Alzheimer's disease (AD) play crucial roles in the neurodegenerative cascade leading to dementia. However, the underlying mechanisms linking tau spreading to glucose metabolism remain elusive. To address this, we aimed to examine the association between pathologic tau aggregation, functional connectivity, and cascading glucose metabolism and further explore the underlying interplay mechanisms. In this prospective cohort study, we enrolled 79 participants with 18F‐Florzolotau positron emission tomography (PET), 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose PET, resting‐state functional, and anatomical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images in the hospital‐based Shanghai Memory Study. We employed generalized linear regression and correlation analyses to assess the associations between Florzolotau accumulation, functional connectivity, and glucose metabolism in whole‐brain and network‐specific manners. Causal mediation analysis was used to evaluate whether functional connectivity mediates the association between pathologic tau and cascading glucose metabolism. We examined 22 normal controls and 57 patients with AD. In the AD group, functional connectivity was associated with Florzolotau covariance (β = .837, r = 0.472, p < .001) and glucose covariance (β = 1.01, r = 0.499, p < .001). Brain regions with higher tau accumulation tend to be connected to other regions with high tau accumulation through functional connectivity or metabolic connectivity. Mediation analyses further suggest that functional connectivity partially modulates the influence of tau accumulation on downstream glucose metabolism (mediation proportion: 49.9%). Pathologic tau may affect functionally connected neurons directly, triggering downstream glucose metabolism changes. This study sheds light on the intricate relationship between tau pathology, functional connectivity, and downstream glucose metabolism, providing critical insights into AD pathophysiology and potential therapeutic targets.
The effect of retirement eligibility on mental health in the United Kingdom: Heterogeneous effects by occupation
Authors: Spearing Joe 
Published: May 2024

AbstractI investigate heterogeneity across occupational characteristics in the effect of retirement eligibility on mental health in the United Kingdom. I use K‐means clustering to define three occupational clusters, differing across multiple dimensions. I estimate the effect of retirement eligibility using a Regression Discontinuity Design, allowing the effect to differ by cluster. The effects of retirement eligibility are beneficial, and greater in two clusters: one comprised of white‐collar jobs in an office setting and another of blue‐collar jobs with high physical demands and hazards. The cluster with smaller benefits mixes blue‐ and white‐collar uncompetitive jobs with high levels of customer interaction. The results have implications for the distributional effect of raising the retirement age.
Identification of rheumatoid arthritis using bone image features with radial basis function neural networks
Authors: Bose Anandh Sam Chandra , Srinivasan C. , Surenderanath S. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) leads to the destruction, deformation, and loss of function and causes joint damages to 85% of patients. The detection of bone mineral density from traditional x‐ray images consumes more time and it is observer dependent which decreases the evaluation performance when RA is in its early stage. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an observer‐independent computer‐aided automatic analysis system for evaluating JS narrowing. An efficient RA detection system based on feed‐forward neural network is proposed in this article. Initially the dataset is preprocessed to remove blur, redundant data and nonlinearities in RA images using wiener filter in less computation time. The edge boundaries are detected using nonlinear partial differential equation as the texture features of bones has great impact on the system accuracy. The detection strategy is implemented by optimized gray‐level co‐occurrence matrix based on bone image features. The selected features are optimized by genetic algorithm to improve the classification performance. The images are then classified as inflamed and noninflamed by radial basis function neural network. The effectiveness of the proposed classification approach is verified in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity and compared with the conventional convolutional neural network, artificial neural network, and support vector machine classifiers. Among the several existing techniques, our method found to be much effective with a maximum accuracy of 98.5% as some novel approaches are proposed and also tends to possess more compatible than the present system. Our computerized rheumatoid arteries detection approach will give more precise and flawless consistency rate.
MAUNet: Polyp segmentation network based on multiscale feature fusion of attention U‐shaped network structure
Authors: Long Jianwu , Lin Jian , Liu Jiayin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractColorectal cancer is a prevalent malignant tumor affecting the digestive tract. Although colonoscopy remains the most effective method for colon examination, it may occasionally fail to detect polyps. In an effort to enhance the detection rate of intestinal polyps during colonoscopy, we propose MAUNet, a polyp segmentation network based on a multi‐scale feature fusion of an Attention U‐shaped network structure. Our model incorporates advanced components, including the Receptive Field Block, Reverse Attention Block, and Residual Refinement Module, mirroring the analytical process performed by medical imaging professionals. We evaluated the performance of MAUNet on five challenging datasets and conducted a comparative analysis against five state‐of‐the‐art models using six evaluation metrics. The experimental results demonstrate that MAUNet achieves varying levels of performance improvement across the five datasets. Particularly on the Kvasir dataset, the Mean Dice and Mean IOU metrics reached 91.6% and 84.3%, respectively, confirming the model's outstanding performance in polyp segmentation.
A multistep approach and executive summary assessing and addressing workforce satisfaction and retention of the oncology pharmacy workforce
Authors: Gulbis Alison M. , Mahmoudjafari Zahra , Rao Kamakshi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionHematology/oncology pharmacists work in various roles in healthcare systems and represent a highly skilled and valuable resource. There remains a significant challenge in the recruitment and retention of these well‐trained pharmacists. We sought to identify key factors and propose solutions to impact the ability to recruit, promote, and retain pharmacists.MethodsAn initial survey in 2021 assessed the status of the oncology pharmacist workforce with regard to job satisfaction and attrition risk. Based on the top 5 factors identified in the Initial Survey, a Follow‐Up Survey was conducted in 2022 to further understand top dissatisfiers in the workplace. To address these factors, an in‐person collaborative workshop was conducted in 2023 with a focus on creating action plans around the practice model, professional development, well‐being, and metrics.ResultsA total of 392 individuals participated in the Follow‐Up Survey. Most were 31–40 years of age (56%), female (70%), Caucasian (78%), and from academic medical centers (68%). Of the 367 individuals who responded to factors contributing to dissatisfaction at work, 51 of the respondents selected all five factors. The most common factor was the practice model (77%), followed by burnout/well‐being (74%), leadership (62%), professional development (56%), and metrics (32%). At the workshop, teams worked collaboratively to review detailed data, evaluate root causes, define a goal future state, and build recommendations for incremental steps to pursue progress in each of these areas.DiscussionUtilizing key information learned from both the Initial and Follow‐Up Survey, the Oncology Pharmacy Workforce Collaborative demonstrated that the key themes are interconnected and institutional support is essential in modernizing practice models, revamping professional development, creating better measures of direct and indirect patient care activities, and ensuring effective support for well‐being.
Optical coherence elastography with osmotically induced strains: Preliminary demonstration for express detection of cartilage degradation
Authors: Alexandrovskaya Yulia M. , Kasianenko Ekaterina M. , Sovetsky Alexander A. , Matveyev Alexander L. , Atyakshin Dmitry A. , Patsap Olga I. , Ignatiuk Mikhail A. , Volodkin Artem V. , Zaitsev Vladimir Y. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOptical coherence elastography (OCE) demonstrated impressive abilities for diagnosing tissue types/states using differences in their biomechanics. Usually, OCE visualizes tissue deformation induced by some additional stimulus (e.g., contact compression or auxiliary elastic‐wave excitation). We propose a new variant of OCE with osmotically induced straining (OIS‐OCE) and demonstrate its application to assess various stages of proteoglycan content degradation in cartilage. The information‐bearing signatures in OIS‐OCE are the magnitude and rate of strains caused by the application of osmotically active solutions onto the sample surface. OCE examination of the induced strains does not require special tissue preparation, the osmotic stimulation is highly reproducible, and strains are observed in noncontact mode. Several minutes suffice to obtain a conclusion. These features are promising for intraoperative method usage when express assessment of tissue state is required during surgical operations. The “waterfall” images demonstrate the development of cumulative osmotic strains in control and degraded cartilage samples.
Understanding delays in chronic limb‐threatening ischaemia care: Application of the theoretical domains framework to identify factors affecting primary care clinicians' referral behaviours
Authors: Atkins Eleanor , Birmpili Panagiota , Kellar Ian , Johal Amundeep S. , Li Qiuju , Waton Sam , Boyle Jonathan R. , Pherwani Arun D. , Chetter Ian , Cromwell David A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionPatients in the community with suspected Chronic limb‐threatening ischaemia (CLTI) should be urgently referred to vascular services for investigation and management. The Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) allows identification of influences on health professional behaviour in order to inform future interventions. Here, the TDF is used to explore primary care clinicians' behaviours with regards to recognition and referral of CLTI.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with 20 podiatrists, nurses and general practitioners in primary care. Directed content analysis was performed according to the framework method. Utterances were coded to TDF domains, and belief statements were defined by grouping similar utterances. Relevance of domains was confirmed according to belief frequency, presence of conflicting beliefs and the content of the beliefs indicating relevance.ResultsNine TDF domains were identified as relevant to primary care clinicians: Knowledge, Environmental context and resources, Memory, Decision and attention processes, Beliefs about capabilities, Skills, Emotions, Reinforcement and Behavioural regulation. Relationships across domains were identified, including how primary care clinician confidence and working in a highly pressurized environment can affect behaviour.ConclusionWe have identified key barriers and enablers to timely recognition and referral behaviour. These beliefs identify targets for theory‐driven behaviour change interventions to reduce delays in CLTI pathways.