bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trauma in the Neighborhood: A Geospatial Analysis and Assessment of Social Determinants of Major Injury in North America
Authors: Newgard Craig D. , Schmicker Robert H. , Sopko George , Andrusiek Dug , Bialkowski Walter , Minei Joseph P. , Brasel Karen , Bulger Eileen , Fleischman Ross J. , Kerby Jeffrey D. , Bigham Blair L. , Warden Craig R. ,   the Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium Investigators
Published: March 2011

Objectives. We sought to identify and characterize areas with high rates of major trauma events in 9 diverse cities and counties in the United States and Canada. Methods. We analyzed a prospective, population-based cohort of injured individuals evaluated by 163 emergency medical service agencies transporting patients to 177 hospitals across the study sites between December 2005 and April 2007. Locations of injuries were geocoded, aggregated by census tract, assessed for geospatial clustering, and matched to sociodemographic measures. Negative binomial models were used to evaluate population measures. Results. Emergency personnel evaluated 8786 major trauma patients, and data on 7326 of these patients were available for analysis. We identified 529 (13.7%) census tracts with a higher than expected incidence of major trauma events. In multivariable models, trauma events were associated with higher unemployment rates, larger percentages of non-White residents, smaller percentages of foreign-born residents, lower educational levels, smaller household sizes, younger age, and lower income levels. Conclusions. Major trauma events tend to cluster in census tracts with distinct population characteristics, suggesting that social and contextual factors may play a role in the occurrence of significant injury events.
The Central Sirtuin 1/p53 Pathway Is Essential for the Orexigenic Action of Ghrelin
Authors: Velásquez Douglas A. , Martínez Gloria , Romero Amparo , Vázquez María J. , Boit Katia D. , Dopeso-Reyes Iria G. , López Miguel , Vidal Anxo , Nogueiras Ruben , Diéguez Carlos 
Published: March 2011

OBJECTIVE
Ghrelin is a stomach-derived peptide that increases food intake through the activation of hypothalamic AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). However, the molecular mechanisms initiated by the activation of the ghrelin receptor, which in turn lead to AMPK activation, remain unclear. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a deacetylase activated in response to calorie restriction that acts through the tumor suppressor gene p53. We tested the hypothesis that the central SIRT1/p53 pathway might be mediating the orexigenic action of ghrelin.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
SIRT1 inhibitors, such as Ex527 and sirtinol, and AMPK activators, such as AICAR, were administered alongside ghrelin in the brain of rats and mice (wild-type versus p53 knockout [KO]). Their hypothalamic effects on lipid metabolism and changes in transcription factors and neuropeptides were assessed by Western blot and in situ hybridization.

RESULTS
The central pretreatment with Ex527, a potent SIRT1 inhibitor, blunted the ghrelin-induced food intake in rats. Mice lacking p53, a target of SIRT1 action, failed to respond to ghrelin in feeding behavior. Ghrelin failed to phosphorylate hypothalamic AMPK when rats were pretreated with Ex527, as it did in p53 KO mice. It is noteworthy that the hypothalamic SIRT1/p53 pathway seems to be specific for mediating the orexigenic action of ghrelin, because central administration of AICAR, a potent AMPK activator, increased food intake in p53 KO mice. Finally, blockade of the central SIRT1 pathway did not modify ghrelin-induced growth hormone secretion.

CONCLUSIONS
Ghrelin specifically triggers a central SIRT1/p53 pathway that is essential for its orexigenic action, but not for the release of growth hormone.
A Bivariate Genome-Wide Approach to Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Kraja Aldi T. , Vaidya Dhananjay , Pankow James S. , Goodarzi Mark O. , Assimes Themistocles L. , Kullo Iftikhar J. , Sovio Ulla , Mathias Rasika A. , Sun Yan V. , Franceschini Nora , Absher Devin , Li Guo , Zhang Qunyuan , Feitosa Mary F. , Glazer Nicole L. , Haritunians Talin , Hartikainen Anna-Liisa , Knowles Joshua W. , North Kari E. , Iribarren Carlos , Kral Brian , Yanek Lisa , O’Reilly Paul F. , McCarthy Mark I. , Jaquish Cashell , Couper David J. , Chakravarti Aravinda , Psaty Bruce M. , Becker Lewis C. , Province Michael A. , Boerwinkle Eric , Quertermous Thomas , Palotie Leena , Jarvelin Marjo-Riitta , Becker Diane M. , Kardia Sharon L.R. , Rotter Jerome I. , Chen Yii-Der Ida , Borecki Ingrid B. 
Published: March 2011

OBJECTIVE
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined as concomitant disorders of lipid and glucose metabolism, central obesity, and high blood pressure, with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. This study tests whether common genetic variants with pleiotropic effects account for some of the correlated architecture among five metabolic phenotypes that define MetS.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Seven studies of the STAMPEED consortium, comprising 22,161 participants of European ancestry, underwent genome-wide association analyses of metabolic traits using a panel of ∼2.5 million imputed single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Phenotypes were defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) criteria for MetS in pairwise combinations. Individuals exceeding the NCEP thresholds for both traits of a pair were considered affected.

RESULTS
Twenty-nine common variants were associated with MetS or a pair of traits. Variants in the genes LPL, CETP, APOA5 (and its cluster), GCKR (and its cluster), LIPC, TRIB1, LOC100128354/MTNR1B, ABCB11, and LOC100129150 were further tested for their association with individual qualitative and quantitative traits. None of the 16 top SNPs (one per gene) associated simultaneously with more than two individual traits. Of them 11 variants showed nominal associations with MetS per se. The effects of 16 top SNPs on the quantitative traits were relatively small, together explaining from ∼9% of the variance in triglycerides, 5.8% of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, 3.6% of fasting glucose, and 1.4% of systolic blood pressure.

CONCLUSIONS
Qualitative and quantitative pleiotropic tests on pairs of traits indicate that a small portion of the covariation in these traits can be explained by the reported common genetic variants.
Mediastinal lymphangioma and generalized lymphangiomatosis a case report
Authors: Jusufovic Edin , Keser Dragan , Zukic Edin 
Published: March 2011

AbstractLymphangioma is a malformation composed of a mass of dilated lymph vessels typically found in the cervical region in children. Mediastinal lymphangioma is a rare condition and accounts for 0.01% to 4.5% of all mediastinal tumors. Only 4 cases of mediastinal lymphangioma involving the heart and great vessels in adults have been described in the available literature. Extremely rarely, lymphangiomas occur as a generalized lymphangiomatosis. We present a case of a woman who coughed up small amounts of fresh blood during 6 months and showed signs of cardiac failure. Several years previously, the patient underwent surgical removal of cystic lymphangiomas from the left ovary, both fallopian tubes and small intestine. A chest radiograph showed an 8-cm round shadow located in the middle lobe. A computerized tomography (CT) scan of the chest with contrast verified the existence of a cyst in the anterior mediastinum. The radiologist suggested that the cyst could have originated in the pericardium. One small cyst also appeared in the projection of the left cardiophrenic sinus. A CT scan with contrast of the patient’s abdomen showed multiple cystic formations in the liver, spleen, kidneys, and left parapelvic region. A fine-needle biopsy of the mediastinal tumor verified the cystic lymphangioma, which was then completely removed surgically. A pathohistological examination confirmed the existence of cystic lymphangioma. The patient was discharged after a period of recovery.
A novel method for detecting light source for digital images forensic
Authors: Roy A. , Mitra S. , Agrawal R. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractManipulation in image has been in practice since centuries. These manipulated images are intended to alter facts — facts of ethics, morality, politics, sex, celebrity or chaos. Image forensic science is used to detect these manipulations in a digital image. There are several standard ways to analyze an image for manipulation. Each one has some limitation. Also very rarely any method tried to capitalize on the way image was taken by the camera. We propose a new method that is based on light and its shade as light and shade are the fundamental input resources that may carry all the information of the image. The proposed method measures the direction of light source and uses the light based technique for identification of any intentional partial manipulation in the said digital image. The method is tested for known manipulated images to correctly identify the light sources. The light source of an image is measured in terms of angle. The experimental results show the robustness of the methodology.
A coupled field-circuit model of a 5-phase permanent magnet tubular linear motor
Authors: Tomczuk Bronisław , Waindok Andrzej 
Published: March 2011

A coupled field-circuit model of a 5-phase permanent magnet tubular linear motor
A method for modeling of the dynamics characteristics for a 5-phase permanent magnet tubular linear motor (PMTLM) is presented. Its electromagnetic nonlinear field analysis with finite element method (FEM) has been coupled with the circuit model. The calculation model includes the equations for electrical circuits and mechanical quantities as well. They have been obtained using Lagrange's method. The calculated and measured waves of the mover position have been compared for several values of the excitation current. This comparison yields a good agreement. Presented calculation model is very useful in designing and optimization of the PMTLM and in the calculation of the parameters for the control algorithms intended for such a type of actuators.
Transients of electrical and mechanical quantities of a brushless DC motor - computations, measurements
Authors: Ciurys Marek , Dudzikowski Ignacy 
Published: March 2011

Transients of electrical and mechanical quantities of a brushless DC motor - computations, measurements
The paper presents a method of computing electrical and mechanical variables of BLDC motors. It takes into account electrical, magnetic and mechanical phenomena in the power supply-converter-BLDC motor-load machine system. The solution to the problem is the so-called circuit-field method. The results determined with the use of time stepping finite element method were used as the parameters of equations of the developed mathematical model. Losses in the motor, losses in transistors and diodes of the converter as well as the actual back EMF waveforms, variable moment of inertia and variable load torque are accounted for. The designed laboratory stand and the test results are presented in the paper. The experimental verification shows the correctness of the developed method, algorithm and program. The developed computational method is universal with respect to different electromechanical systems with cylindrical BLDC motors. It can be applied to electromechanical systems with BLDC motors operating at constant but also variable load torque and moment of inertia.
Investigation of GIC effects on core losses in single phase power transformers
Authors: Mousavi Seyed , Engdahl Göran , Agheb Edris 
Published: March 2011

Investigation of GIC effects on core losses in single phase power transformers
This paper presents a method for estimation of core losses in banks of single phase power transformers that are subjected to an injected DC current such as geomagnetically induced currents (GIC). The main procedure of the core loss calculation is to obtain a magnetic flux density waveform in both time and location by using a novel algorithm based on 3D FEM inside the core and then to calculate the loss distribution based on loss separation theory. Also, a simple and effective method is proposed for estimation of losses of asymmetric minor loops by using combination of symmetric loops. The effect of DC biasing on core losses in single phase power transformers is investigated and the sensitivity of core type and material is evaluated. the results shows that DC current biasing could increase core losses up to 40 percent or even more.
The effect of anisotropy in the modified Jiles-Atherton model of static hysteresis
Authors: Chwastek Krzysztof , Szczygłowski Jan 
Published: March 2011

The effect of anisotropy in the modified Jiles-Atherton model of static hysteresisAn extension of the modified Jiles-Atherton description to include the effect of anisotropy is presented. Anisotropy is related to the value of the angular momentum quantum numberJ, which affects the form of the Brillouin function used to describe the anhysteretic magnetization. Moreover the shape of magnetization dependentR(m)function is influenced by the choice of theJvalue.
The accuracy of loss prediction in magnetic materials
Authors: Szczygłowski Jan , Kopciuszewski Paweł , Chwastek Krzysztof , Najgebauer Mariusz , Wilczyński Wiesław 
Published: March 2011

The accuracy of loss prediction in magnetic materialsThe paper presents a formula useful for prediction of loss density in soft magnetic materials, which takes into account multi-scale energy dissipation. A universal phenomenologicalP(Bm, f) relationship is used for loss prediction in chosen soft magnetic materials. A bootstrap method is used to generate additional data points, what makes it possible to increase the prediction accuracy. A substantial accuracy improvement for estimated model parameters is obtained in the case, when additional data points are taken into account. The proposed description could be useful both for device designers and researchers involved in computational electromagnetism.
Application of higher order forms for the description of electromechanical energy converters
Authors: Sobczyk Tadeusz 
Published: March 2011

Application of higher order forms for the description of electromechanical energy convertersThe purpose of that paper is to develop of unified equations of electromechanical energy converters accounting for the magnetic non-linearity of the main magnetic circuit of a converter. The concept of applying higher order forms of winding currents for the description of the co-energy function is introduced in order to derive the structure of converter equations via mathematical analysis. Also, another concept of equivalent magnetizing currents is applied to determine the higher order forms for selected converters designs. The structure of circuital equations for converters with multiple windings has been unified by means of the introduction of matrices of dynamic and nonlinear inductances following the higher order forms of the co-energy function.
Influence of commutation conditions on steady states in matrix converter
Authors: Borkowski Dariusz , Sobczyk Tadeusz 
Published: March 2011

Influence of commutation conditions on steady states in matrix converterThe paper investigates a significant influence of transients on steady states in a matrix converter with the one-periodic control strategy. Proposed controller can be used as an interconnection device within a power system for a power flow control. However, the presence of inductances in external systems has the significant influence on steady state of a matrix converter operation. The special current injection method has been developed to ensure a proper operation of a matrix converter. Presented analysis of steady states is carried out in a frequency domain using the harmonic balance method. Obtained numerical results, which are confirmed by a time domain analysis, prove the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Simplified isoperibol calorimetry for thermal testing of dielectric and conducting materials
Authors: Moroń Leszek , Żyłka Paweł 
Published: March 2011

Simplified isoperibol calorimetry for thermal testing of dielectric and conducting materials
A simplified isoperibol calorimetry method for measuring specific heat in solids is described. Taking advantage of the classical Nernst dependency the specific heat is calculated from time-domain temperature curves registered for a sample forced heating and natural cooling phase. In order to improve accuracy of the measurements a correction factor, taking into account the heat transferred to the surrounding, is introduced along with a procedure of statistical elimination of unavoidable measurement deviations. The method is implemented in a simple and straightforward measuring system involving no vacuum calorimeter. The method is applicable for quick and routine specific heat measurements performed on small solid dielectric or metallic specimens at near-room temperature. Test results of various materials used commonly in electrical engineering are demonstrated and discussed as well as comparison to drop calorimetry and differential scanning calorimetry reference measurements is included. The overall repeatability of the test method and the simplified apparatus is estimated as not worse than 2.6%.
Morphometric analysis of some populations of lymnocardiid species (Mollusca: Bivalvia) from Razelm Lake Complex (Romania)
Authors: Popa Oana , Iorgu Elena , Kelemen Beatrice , Murariu Dumitru , Popa Luis 
Published: March 2011

Morphometric analysis of some populations of lymnocardiid species (Mollusca: Bivalvia) from Razelm Lake Complex (Romania)
In this paper we report the morphometric analysis of some populations of Lymnocardiid species from the lakes Razelm and Goloviţa. We used three measurements ratios to perform a discriminant analysis and a multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), in order to compare the species Hypanis colorata vs. Hypanis angusticostata in the two lakes, H. colorata in Razelm vs. Goloviţa, and H. angusticostata in Razelm vs. Goloviţa. From this analysis we concluded that the multivariate means of the morphological variables used in this study were highly significantly different (p=3.2e-05) between the two species. Concerning the geographical variability, in both species, the analysis showed no significant difference between the populations in the two investigated lakes. We also determined from a fitting curve analysis, that the growth pattern of both species shows length-height isometry and width-length and width-height negative allometry.
The freshwater Mollusca fauna from Banat (Romania)
Authors: Sîrbu Ioan , Sîrbu Monica , Benedek Ana 
Published: March 2011

The freshwater Mollusca fauna from Banat (Romania)
The freshwater molluscs fauna from Banat comprises 61 species (41 of gastropods and 20 of bivalves). 10 species were newly identified in this area by the authors. This paper's aim is to establish the systematical and chorological catalogue of this fauna, to highlight the most characteristic and significant elements, the threats represented by human impact on the area's waters and their molluscs communities.
Some remarks on the family Tanzanapseudidae, with the description of three new species and the validation of the genus Acanthapseudes Roman, 1976 (Crustacea: Tanaidacea: Apseudomorpha)
Authors: Guţu Modest 
Published: March 2011

Some remarks on the family Tanzanapseudidae, with the description of three new species and the validation of the genus Acanthapseudes Roman, 1976 (Crustacea: Tanaidacea: Apseudomorpha)
Two new species of the genus Tanzanapseudes Băcescu, 1975 (T. bacescui n. sp. and T. mirificus n. sp.) and one belonging to the genus Acanthapseudes Roman, 1976 (A. hansgeorgmuelleri n. sp.) from the islands Sri Lanka and Mauritius (Indian Ocean) are described and illustrated, as a result of the synonymization invalidation of the genus Acanthapseudes with Tanzanapseudes. At the same time, some morphological data on a doubtful species of the genus Tanzanapseudes (from Mozambique Channel) are presented, and manca I and II stages in T. mirificus n. sp. and manca I in A. hansgeorgmuelleri n. sp. are described, unknown in tanzanapseudids up to now. Also, new diagnoses (of the family Tanzanapseudidae and of the two genera), as well as the identification key of the genera and species of the above-mentioned family are presented.
Faunistic data on some true bugs species (Insecta: Heteroptera) from West Turkey [Results of the "Taurus" - 2005 and "Focida" - 2006 expeditions]
Authors: Şerban Cecilia 
Published: March 2011

Faunistic data on some true bugs species (Insecta: Heteroptera) from West Turkey [Results of the "Taurus" - 2005 and "Focida" - 2006 expeditions]
The paper presents a list of Heteroptera species (except Miroidea) collected during the scientific expeditions carried out in Western Turkey between 2005-2006 by "Grigore Antipa" National Museum of Natural History (Bucharest) and NGO - "Oceanic Club" Society of Oceanographical Exploration and Protection of the Marine Environment of Constanţa. Out of 516 true bug specimens, I identified 73 species grouped in 56 genera, belonging to 4 infraorders and 12 families. Tarisa flavescens is new record for Turkey.
Şura Mare cave (Romania) - the most important known hibernating roost for Pipistrellus pygmaeus Leach, 1825 (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae)
Authors: Murariu Dumitru , Gheorghiu Victor 
Published: March 2011

Şura Mare cave (Romania) - the most important known hibernating roost for Pipistrellus pygmaeus Leach, 1825 (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae)
The Sura Mare cave from Romania is one of the largest roost for hibernating colonies of bats with more than 40,000 individuals. Pipistrellus pipistrellus and P. pygmaeus are prevalent species with more than 34,000 individuals in mixed colonies. Other 6 bat species are less represented (e.g. Rhinolophus ferrumequinum only 500 individuals) but Miniopterus schreibersii's colony counts 3,500 individuals. From the total of 8 identified bat species, 5 are a priority according to the European Union legislation: Rhinolophus ferrumequinum, Myotis myotis, M. oxygnathus, Barbastella barbastellus and Miniopterus schreibersii.
Bat geographic distribution North of the Carpathians
Authors: Wołoszyn Bronisław , Pereswiet-Soltan Andrea 
Published: March 2011

Bat geographic distribution North of the Carpathians
Recent bat fauna in the area North of the Carpathians (Poland) consist of 25 species (2 Rhinolophidae and 23 Vespertilionidae). 25 bat species recorded so far from Poland can be divided into three groups: 1. Species limited to the southern Poland, occurred in the Polish Segment of the Carpathians (Beskidy Mts.), the Sudety Mts., and the Kraków-Częstochowa Upland; 2. Species with North-eastern limit of the distribution in the West and Central Poland, for example Myotis myotis; 3. Species with unlimited distribution on Polish territory, occurred also in the North-eastern Poland.
Terrestrial vertebrates of Dobrogea - Romania and Bulgaria
Authors: Murariu Dumitru , Chişamera Gabriel , Petrescu Angela , Atanasova Ivanka , Raykov Ivaylo 
Published: March 2011

Terrestrial vertebrates of Dobrogea - Romania and Bulgaria
The authors report the state of the terrestrial vertebrates of Romanian and Bulgarian Dobrogea. Five amphibian species, eight of reptiles, 159 of birds and 39 mammals species were inventoried. Some of them are characteristic to the steppe areas, in which Dobrogea is included, and others (as amphibians) have a limited distribution, around water flows, pools and lakes. Some of the observed or collected species have populations which can be compared in the two parts of Dobrogea, while the others (e.g. Crocidura suaveolens, Mesocricetus newtoni, Microtus arvalis) have populations more numerous in the Bulgarian Dobrogea, this thing indicating that there are several undamaged habitats and a low anthropic pressure than in the Romanian one.