bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bone healing pattern in surgically created circumferential defects around submerged implants: an experimental study in dog
Authors: Rossi Fabio , Botticelli Daniele , Pantani Fabio , Pereira Flávia Priscila , Salata Luiz Antonio , Lang Niklaus P. 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Objective: To describe the healing of marginal defects below or above 1 mm of dimension around submerged implants in a dog model.
Material and methods: In 12 Labrador dogs, all mandibular premolars and first molars were extracted bilaterally. After 3 months of healing, full‐thickness flaps were elevated in the edentulous region of the right side of the mandible. Two recipient sites were prepared and the marginal 5 mm were widened to such an extent to obtain, after implant installation, a marginal gap of 0.5 mm at the mesial site (small defect) and of 1.25 mm at the distal site (large defect). Titanium healing caps were affixed to the implants and the flaps were sutured allowing a fully submerged healing. The experimental procedures were subsequently performed in the left side of the mandible. The timing of the experiments and sacrifices were planned in such a way to obtain biopsies representing the healing after 5, 10, 20 and 30 days. Ground sections were prepared and histomorphometrically analyzed.
Results: The filling of the defect with newly formed bone was incomplete after 1 month of healing in all specimens. Bone formation occurred from the base and the lateral walls of the defects. A larger volume of new bone was formed in the large compared with the small defects. Most of the new bone at the large defect was formed between the 10‐ and the 20‐day period of healing. After 1 month of healing, the outline of the newly formed bone was, however, located at a similar distance from the implant surface (about 0.4 mm) at both defect types. Only minor newly formed bone in contact with the implant, starting from the base of the defects, was seen at the large defects (about 0.8 mm) while a larger amount was detected at the small defects (about 2.2 mm).
Conclusion: Marginal defects around titanium implants appeared to regenerate in 20–30 days by means of a distance osteogenesis. The bone fill of the defects was, however, incomplete after 1 month.
To cite this article: Rossi F, Botticelli D, Pantani F, Pereira FP, Salata LA, Lang NP. Bone healing pattern in surgically created circumferential defects around submerged implants: an experimental study in dog. Clin. Oral Impl. Res23, 2012; 41–48. doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2011.02170.x
The effect of beta‐blocker therapy on progressive aortic dilatation in children and adolescents with Marfan’s syndrome: a meta‐analysis
Authors: Gao Linggen , Mao Qunxia , Wen Dan , Zhang Lin , Zhou Xianliang , Hui Rutai 
Published: March 2011

AbstractAim:  To assess the effect of beta‐blockade therapy on progressive aortic dilatation and on clinical outcome in children and adolescents with Marfan’s syndrome (MFS).Methods:  The meta‐analysis was instituted, which included studies identified by a systematic review of MEDLINE of peer‐reviewed publications. Echocardiogram measurements of the aortic root dimension and outcome measures of mortality and major morbidity were compared between patients who were treated and untreated with beta‐blockade therapy.Results:  Five studies were included. A total of 224 young patients treated with beta‐blocker therapy and 168 patients did not accept medical management. Compared with non‐beta‐blockade treatment, beta‐blockade therapy significantly decreased the rate of aortic dilatation (SMD = −1.30 with 95% CI −2.11 to −0.49). A tendency of clinical outcome beneficial was observed in the beta‐blocker treatment group when compared with no beta‐blocker treatment group (odds ratio = 0.87 with 95% CI 0.37–2.04).Conclusion:  There is evidence that beta‐blockade therapy can slow down the rate of dilatation of the aorta and has clinical benefits on children and adolescents with MFS.
Log jammed by standard assessment tests: how feedback can help writers
Authors: Burke Winifred 
Published: March 2011

AbstractStandard assessment tests have been part of the literacy practice in English primary schools for many years. While educators point to the dangers of ‘teaching to the test’, politicians continue to believe that the best way of achieving accountability is by retaining league tables of these test results. Currently the curriculum is too readily restricted by what can be tested with little time allowed to stimulate children's imaginative thinking. This article looks critically at practice in an English junior school that has been in the top 9 per cent of performing schools and the effect on two Level 5 writers. The author offers a more complex approach for consideration, with herself as the teacher assessor concentrating on what is good in the writing as well as what is weak and offering interactive, followed by remedial, feedback to the writer.
“The three hags and Pocohontas”: how collaboration develops Early Years writing skills
Authors: Boyle Bill , Charles Marie 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThis article relates a child's development in story writing and the progress that she made in achieving text cohesion, spelling development and ideation through the collaborative process. The case study investigates the integration of major aspects of writing development such as collaboration, the importance of peer interactions through social learning and the fusion of illustrations and writing to assist children's communication and understanding. The authors examine the rationale for the inclusion of collaborative peer‐assisted writing and peer interaction as a social writing process, supporting the young writer's affective domain. The case study investigates the integration of major aspects of writing development such as collaboration, the importance of peer interactions through social learning and the fusion of illustrations and writing to assist children's communication and understanding. The authors examine the rationale for the inclusion of collaborative peer‐assisted writing and peer interaction as a social writing process, supporting the young writer's affective domain development. The strengths and complexities of peer interaction, the role of illustrations and their positive impact on composition are discussed.
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of β‐Lactam Antibiotic‐Based Imidazolium‐ and Pyridinium‐Type Ionic Liquids
Authors: Cole Marsha R. , Li Min , El‐Zahab Bilal , Janes Marlene E. , Hayes Daniel , Warner Isiah M. 
Published: March 2011

We herein report the preparation and investigation of antibacterial activity of biocidal ionic liquids (ILs) consisting of cationic imidazolium or pyridinium and an anionic β‐lactam antibiotic. The antibacterial properties were quantified by measuring the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration againstEscherichia coli O157:H7,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Staphylococcus aureus, andEnterococcus faecium. In general, the ILs had improved antibacterial activity than their parent materials, whether individually or in combination. In 83% of the experiments, the ampicillin ILs (Amp‐ILs) had better antibacterial activities than their quaternary halide parent materials, whereas in 92% of the experiments, Amp‐ILs outperformed the commercially available sodium ampicillin salt. Amp‐ILs had up to 43 times improved antibacterial activity than sodium ampicillin. Overall, when normalized for ampicillin content, ILs had greater antimicrobial activity againstE. coli O157:H7,K. pneumoniae,S. aureus, andE. faeciumthan sodium ampicillin alone.
Ancient Skepticism: Overview
Authors: Machuca Diego E. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractScholarship on ancient skepticism has witnessed a remarkable renaissance in the last three decades. Specialists in ancient philosophy have explored the complex history of the Greco‐Roman skeptical traditions and discussed difficult philological and exegetical issues. But they have also assessed the philosophical significance of the various ancient skeptical outlooks. In this first paper, I provide a general presentation of this area of study, while in the two subsequent articles I will focus on some of the topics that have been the object of much attention in the recent literature on ancient skepticism.
Logic and Divine Simplicity
Authors: Kraal Anders 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe paper surveys two contrasting views of first‐order analyses of classical theistic doctrines about the existence and nature of God. On the first view, first‐order logic provides methods for the adequate analysis of these doctrines, for example by construing ‘God’ as a singular term or as a monadic predicate, or by taking it to be a definite description. On the second view, such analyses are conceptually inadequate, at least when the doctrines in question are viewed against the background of classical theism’s doctrine of divine simplicity, for first‐order analyses presuppose an ontological complexity on the part of the propositions which they analyze, which fits ill with this doctrine.
Ancient Skepticism: Pyrrhonism
Authors: Machuca Diego E. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractPyrrhonism was one of the two main ancient skeptical traditions. In this second paper of the three‐part series devoted to ancient skepticism, I present and discuss some of the issues on Pyrrhonian skepticism which have been the focus of much attention in the recent literature. The topics to be addressed concern the outlooks of Pyrrho, Aenesidemus, and Sextus Empiricus.
Resistant Hypertension and Undiagnosed Primary Hyperaldosteronism Detected by Use of a Computerized Database
Authors: Garcia Emmeline A. , Lopez Julio R. , Meier Joy L. , Swislocki Arthur L. M. , Siegel David 
Published: March 2011

J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2011;13:487–491.©2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.A pharmacy database was used to identify patients with resistant hypertension who could then be tested for the presence of primary hyperaldosteronism. Inclusion criteria were: (1) resistant hypertension defined as uncontrolled hypertension and use of 3 antihypertensive medication classes or ≥4 antihypertensive classes regardless of blood pressure; (2) low or normal potassium levels (≤4.9 mEq/L); and (3) continuous health care from October 1, 2008, to February 28, 2009. Exclusion criteria were: (1) past or current use of an aldosterone antagonist, or (2) a medication possession ratio (adherence) <80% for any antihypertensive drug. Hyperaldosteronism was classified as an aldosterone/renin ratio (ARR) ≥30. Using the computer, 746 patients were identified who met criteria. After manual chart review to verify inclusion and exclusion criteria, 333 patients remained. Of 184 individuals in whom an ARR was obtained, 39 (21.2%) had a ratio of ≥30. A computer database is useful to identify patients with resistant hypertension and those who may have primary aldosteronism.
Flood hydraulics due to cascade landslide dam failure
Authors: Cao Z. , Yue Z. , Pender G. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractLandslide dams are usually unconsolidated and when they act to impound water, they are subjected to failure that triggers catastrophic flooding downstream. However, the flood hydraulics due to landslide dam failure has remained poorly understood and cannot be reliably predicted at present. Inevitably, this militates against effective flood risk management in areas prone to landslides. Extending the recent investigation of a single landslide dam failure and the resulting flood, here, we present an experimental and computational study on the flood flow induced by cascade landslide dam failure. A total of 12 runs of experiments are conducted in a flume of 80 m × 1.2 m × 0.8 m, with differing inflow discharge and dam composition. An array of 12 automatic water‐level probes is deployed to measure the stage hydrographs along the flume. The coupled shallow water hydrodynamic model calibrated for cases of a single landslide dam failure is demonstrated to perform reasonably well for cascade landslide dam failure. Most notably, under appropriate conditions, the occurrence of streamwise progressive enhancement of the flood induced by cascade landslide dam failure is demonstrated. This features a higher risk of flooding downstream and therefore warrants careful consideration in flood risk management.
Trends in Antifungal Drug Susceptibility of Cryptococcus neoformans Isolates Obtained through Population-Based Surveillance in South Africa in 2002-2003 and 2007-2008
Authors: Govender Nelesh P. , Patel Jaymati , van Wyk Marelize , Chiller Tom M. , Lockhart Shawn R. ,   for the Group for Enteric, Respiratory and Meningeal Disease Surveillance in South Africa (GERMS-SA)
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACT

Cryptococcus neoformans
is the most common cause of meningitis among adult South Africans with HIV infection/AIDS. Widespread use of fluconazole for treatment of cryptococcal meningitis and other HIV-associated opportunistic fungal infections in South Africa may lead to the emergence of isolates with reduced fluconazole susceptibility. MIC testing using a reference broth microdilution method was used to determine if isolates with reduced susceptibility to fluconazole or amphotericin B had emerged among cases of incident disease. Incident isolates were tested from two surveillance periods (2002-2003 and 2007-2008) when population-based surveillance was conducted in Gauteng Province, South Africa. These isolates were also tested for susceptibility to flucytosine, itraconazole, voriconazole, and posaconazole. Serially collected isolate pairs from cases at several large South African hospitals were also tested for susceptibility to fluconazole. Of the 487 incident isolates tested, only 3 (0.6%) demonstrated a fluconazole MIC of ≥16 μg/ml; all of these isolates were from 2002-2003. All incident isolates were inhibited by very low concentrations of amphotericin B and exhibited very low MICs to voriconazole and posaconazole. Of 67 cases with serially collected isolate pairs, only 1 case was detected where the isolate collected more than 30 days later had a fluconazole MIC value significantly higher than the MIC of the corresponding incident isolate. Although routine antifungal susceptibility testing of incident isolates is not currently recommended in clinical settings, it is still clearly important for public health to periodically monitor for the emergence of resistance.
A pilot study about causes of dropouts in high-level decathlon competitions
Authors: Edouard P , Pruvost J , Edouard J-L , Morin J-B 
Published: March 2011

BackgroundDecathlon is a track and field discipline where participants run, jump, and throw; and the competitions are highly demanding from both the physical and psychological standpoints because of the frequency and intensity of the events. Knowing the frequency and causes of dropouts in decathlon competitions seems relevant and helpful to develop strategies of injury prevention for decathletes.ObjectiveTo determine the causes of dropouts and the frequency of injury as the cause of dropout in decathlon.DesignPilot prospective epidemiological study.SettingThis study focused on three senior male national or international level (high-level) decathlon competitions.Participants50 senior male national or international decathletes.InterventionsData concerning athlete's participation (number of participating athletes listed on the start list, number of athletes in the final ranking), the event (or time) of dropout, and the causes of dropouts were collected prospectively during the three high-level decathlon competitions. In case injury was retained as the cause of dropout, its description was made following the IAAF and IOC recommendations.Main outcome measurementsPercentage of dropouts and percentage of each dropout cause, description and percentage of injuries (circumstance, location, type).Results38% of decathletes did not complete these competitions. The causes of dropout were: injury (36%), loss of motivation (36%), tiredness (9%), and indeterminate (18%). 50% of injuries were acute hamstring injuries during explosive events on the first day (100-m and long jump).ConclusionNot completing a decathlon is rather common due to various difficulties (physical, technical and psychological). Although caution is needed when interpreting these results due to methodological limitations, musculoskeletal injury prevention and motivational aspects seem important to complete an entire decathlon and to aim at best performance. More detailed prospective studies are needed to determine the exact medical causes of dropouts in decathlon.
Determining the running-related injury risk factors in long distance runners
Authors: Genin J , Mann R , Theisen D 
Published: March 2011

BackgroundIncreased popularity in long-distance running over the last 30–40 years has induced an increase in the incidence of running-related injuries (RRI). Among others, running experience could be a determining factor in the RRI incidence.ObjectiveTo explore whether novice runners sustain more RRI than experienced runners and to determine RRI risk factor variables.DesignProspective epidemiological study.SettingA 27-week follow-up of runners at the Luxembourg National Sport Centre ending on the ING-Europe (semi)Marathon of Luxembourg (05.15.2010).Participants39 compliant runners (40.2±8.5 years) out of the initial cohort (n=85).Assessment of risk factorsExtrinsic, training-related characteristics (context, volume, etc).Main outcome measurementsRunning and other sports data were recorded using an innovative internet-based diary. Similarly, RRIs, which were defined as any pain or physical complaint impeding or altering a training session for at least 1 day, were recorded.ResultsFrom the 39 athletes, 14 were classified as novice runners (ie, <3 months of regular running during the 12 months before the training period). Overall RRI incidence was evaluated at 8.07 RRI/1000 h of running. The RRI incidence was 3.3 times higher (95%CI 1.27 to 8.54) in novice than in experienced runners (16.8 and 5.1 RRI/1000 h of running, respectively; p=0.009), confirming the initial hypothesis. Dichotomous RRI risk factors such as gender or running experience were not significant. RRI incidence was significantly associated with a lower competition volume per week, a lower number of training session, a lower percentage of competition run on a soft surface and a higher average work rate (av. HR/(220-age) during competition. A logistic regression including all individual variables with a p-value<0.2 yielded no significant results.ConclusionAlthough the initial hypothesis was confirmed, no risk factors were significant within the logistic regression. In order to be able to construct an individual RRI risk profile, a greater sample size is necessary to provide more conclusive results.
The relationship between indicators of ‘high risk’ landing mechanics and knee translations in female athletes
Authors: Myers C A , Giphart J E , Torry M R , Shelburne K B , Woo S L Y , Steadman J R 
Published: March 2011

BackgroundWhen assessing non-contact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury risk, prospective measures of high valgus knee angle (>8°) and high knee abduction moment (>25 Nm) measured during landings have been shown to predict ACL injury in female athletes.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to determine the relationships between these ‘high risk’ landing variables and anterior tibial translation (ATT) and lateral tibial translations (LTT). We hypothesised individuals exhibiting high knee valgus angles and/or knee abductor moments will also experience larger ATT and/or LTT during a landing.DesignDescriptive laboratory study.SettingControlled laboratory setting; highly active recreational, high school and college athletes.Participants15 healthy female athletes (26.1 ± 6.3 years; 167.9 cm ± 6.3, 58.2 ± 5.2 Kg).Assessment of risk factorsThe subjects performed a drop-landing motion by stepping off a 40 cm platform onto a force plate and then immediately performed a maximum effort vertical jump.Main outcome measurementsKnee abductor moment and valgus angle were measured using motion capture and inverse dynamic analyses. ATT and LTT were measured concurrently using high-speed biplane fluoroscopy with sub-millimeter accuracy.ResultsNo significant relationship was noted between peak knee valgus angle (range: −2.9° to 20.8°) and peak ATT or LTT (r=−0.17, r=-0.42, respectively); nor, between peak knee abductor moment (range: 2.5–37.2 N*m) and peak ATT or LTT (r=-0.23, r=-0.09, respectively)(p>0.05).ConclusionThe results did not support the hypothesis that high knee valgus angles or abductor moment values will lead to larger ATT or LTT during landing. Although compelling evidence has identified high knee valgus angle and high knee abductor moment as predictive of ACL injury, these parameters did not result in greater knee translations during landing.
A neuromuscular training and educational counselling programme to decrease the risk of lower limb injury in young men during military service: a population based cluster randomised study
Authors: Parkkari J , Taanila H , Suni J , Mattila V , Ohrankämmen O , Vuorinen P , Kannus P , Pihlajamäki H 
Published: March 2011

ObjectiveTo investigate whether a neuromuscular training programme and educational counselling are effective in preventing acute lower limb injuries in young men during military service.DesignCluster randomised controlled study.SettingTwo successive cohorts of male conscripts in four companies of one brigade (Pori Brigade, Säkylä) in the Finnish Defence Forces were first followed prospectively for one 6-month term (pre-study period). After this, two new successive cohorts in the same four companies were randomised into two groups and followed prospectively for one term (6 months) comprising data during the intervention (study period).Participants944 conscripts participated in the study during the pre-study period. The randomised controlled trial included 968 conscripts (mean age 19 years): 501 conscripts in the intervention group and 467 conscripts in the control group.InterventionA neuromuscular training programme was used to enhance conscripts' motor skills and body control, and an educational counselling programme was used to increase knowledge and awareness of acute injuries during compulsory military service.Main outcome measuresAcute injuries of the lower limbs.ResultsIn the intervention companies, the risk for acute ankle injuries decreased significantly compared to control companies (adjusted Hazard ratio (HR)=0.34; 95% CI 0.15 to 0.78, p=0.011). This risk decline was observed in conscripts with low, as well as medium-to-high, baseline fitness. In addition, the intervention companies tended to have fewer severe injuries (adjusted HR=0.42; 95% CI 0.17 to 1.06). On the other hand, among men with low baseline fitness, intervention-induced additional training was associated with an increased risk for overuse injuries (adjusted HR=1.81; 95% CI 1.16 to 2.84, p=0.009).ConclusionA neuromuscular training programme was effective in preventing acute ankle injuries in young Finnish men during compulsory military service. Among conscripts with low baseline fitness, the amount and intensity of neuromuscular training requires careful planning and execution to avoid overuse injuries.