bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chromosome dynamic changes in two cultured chinese human embryonic stem cell lines: Single nucleotide polymorphism, copy number variation and loss of heterozygosity
Authors: Chen Xue‐Mei , Kan Quan‐Cheng , Wang Fang , Kong Hui‐Juan , Zhang Yong‐Yong , Yu Wen‐Zhu , Sun Ying‐Pu 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe quality and safety of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in clinical application depend on gene stability. Two Chinese hESC lines, Zh1 and Zh21, were incubated over a long period. We observed and compared the gene stability in the passage numbers 20, 17 for Zh1 cell line and passage numbers 27, 60, 68 for Zh21 cell line. Single nucleotide polymorphisis analysis indicated that hESCs in early passages had relative gene stability; and with the increase in passage number, gene instability became strong. We also found that there were copy number variations (CNVs) in both Zh21 and Zh1. We analyzed the CNVs of Chinese Han Beijing man (CHB; normal Chinese people) and found that the all CNV forms were the loss in Zh21, Zh1, and CHB. We also analyzed and compared the related pathways of the mutant genes. We propose three steps to ensure hESC safety. Firstly, besides the conventional methods such as pluripotent genes, chromosome G‐banding and teratoma, high‐resolution DNA chip analysis should also be adopted; secondly, chromosomal properties are monitored every 10 passages in less than passage 50 and every 5 passages in more than passage 50; thirdly, the related pathways of mutant genes should be observed because only the mutant genes with variations of their related pathways may affected cell functions. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 3520–3527, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Binding of piano‐stool Ru(II) complexes to DNA; QM/MM study
Authors: Futera Zdeněk , Platts James A. , Burda Jaroslav V. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractRu(II) “piano‐stool” complexes belong to group of biologically active metallocomplexes with promising anticancer activity. In this study, we investigate the reaction mechanism of [(η6‐benzene)Ru(II)(en)(H2O)]2+(en = ethylenediamine) complex binding to DNA by hybrid QM/MM computational techniques. The reaction when the Ru(II) complex is coordinated on N7‐guanine from major groove is explored. Two reaction pathways, direct binding to N7 position and two‐step mechanism passing through O6 position, are considered. It was found that the reaction is exothermic and the direct binding process is preferred kinetically. In analogy to cisplatin, we also explored the possibility of intrastrand cross‐link formation where the Ru(II) complex makes a bridge between two adjacent guanines. Two different pathways were found, leading to a final structure with released benzene ligand. This process is exothermic; however, one pathway is blocked by relatively high initial activation barrier. Geometries, energies, and electronic properties analyzed by atoms in molecules and natural population analysis methods are discussed. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Dramatic Expansion and Developmental Expression Diversification of the Methuselah Gene Family During Recent Drosophila Evolution
Authors: PATEL MEGHNA V. , HALLAL DANA A. , JONES JEFFERY W. , BRONNER DENISE N. , ZEIN RAMI , CARAVAS JASON , HUSAIN ZAHABIYA , FRIEDRICH MARKUS , VANBERKUM* MARK F.A. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTFunctional studies of the methuselah/methuselah‐like (mth/mthl) gene family have focused on the founding member mth, but little is known regarding the developmental functions of this receptor or any of its paralogs. We undertook a comprehensive analysis of developmental expression and sequence divergence in the mth/mthl gene family. Using in situ hybridization techniques, we detect expression of six genes (mthl1, 5, 9, 11, 13, and 14) in the embryo during gastrulation and development of the gut, heart, and lymph glands. Four receptors (mthl3, 4, 6, and 8) are expressed in the larval central nervous system, imaginal discs, or both, and two receptors (mthl10 and mth) are expressed in both embryos and larvae. Phylogenetic analysis of all mth/mthl genes in five Drosophila species, mosquito and flour beetle structured the mth/mthl family into several subclades. mthl1, 5, and 14 are present in most species, each forming a separate clade. A newly identified Drosophila mthl gene (CG31720; herein mthl15) formed another ancient clade. The remaining Drosophila receptors, including mth, are members of a large “superclade” that diversified relatively recently during dipteran evolution, in many cases within the melanogaster subgroup. Comparing the expression patterns of the mth/mthl “superclade” paralogs to the embryonic expression of the singleton ortholog in Tribolium suggests both subfunctionalization and acquisition of novel functionalities. Taken together, our findings shed novel light on mth as a young member of an adaptively evolving developmental gene family. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 318B:368‐387, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Composition and Phylogenetic Analysis of Vitellogenin Coding Sequences in the Indonesian Coelacanth Latimeria menadoensis
Authors: CANAPA ADRIANA , OLMO ETTORE , FORCONI MARIKO , PALLAVICINI ALBERTO , MAKAPEDUA MONICA DAISY , BISCOTTI MARIA ASSUNTA , BARUCCA MARCO 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTThe coelacanth Latimeria menadoensis, a living fossil, occupies a key phylogenetic position to explore the changes that have affected the genomes of the aquatic vertebrates that colonized dry land. This is the first study to isolate and analyze L. menadoensis mRNA. Three different vitellogenin transcripts were identified and their inferred amino acid sequences compared to those of other known vertebrates. The phylogenetic data suggest that the evolutionary history of this gene family in coelacanths was characterized by a different duplication event than those which occurred in teleosts, amniotes, and amphibia. Comparison of the three sequences highlighted differences in functional sites. Moreover, despite the presence of conserved sites compared with the other oviparous vertebrates, some sites were seen to have changed, others to be similar only to those of teleosts, and others still to resemble only to those of tetrapods. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 318B:404‐416, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Assessment of the nuclear pore dilating agent trans‐cyclohexane‐1,2‐diol in differentiated airway epithelium
Authors: Griesenbach Uta , Wilson Katherine M. , Farley Raymond , Meng Cuixiang , Munkonge Felix M. , Cheng Seng H. , Scheule Ronald K. , Alton Eric W. F. W. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBackgroundThe nuclear membrane of differentiated airway epithelial cells is a significant barrier for nonviral vectors. Trans‐cyclohexane‐1,2‐diol (TCHD) is an amphipathic alcohol that has been shown to collapse nuclear pore cores and allow the uptake of macromolecules that would otherwise be too large for nuclear entry. Previous studies have shown that TCHD can increase lipid‐mediated transfection in vitro.MethodsWe aimed to reproduce these in vitro studies using the cationic lipid GL67A, which we are currently assessing in cystic fibrosis trials and, more importantly, we assessed the effects of TCHD on transfection efficiency in differentiated airway epithelium ex vivo and in mouse lung in vivo using three different drug delivery protocols (nebulisation and bolus administration of TCHD to the mouse lung, as well as perfusion of TCHD to the nasal epithelium, which prolongs contact time between the airway epithelium and drug).ResultsTCHD (0.5–2%) dose‐dependently increased Lipofectamine 2000 and GL67A‐mediated transfection of 293T cells by up to 2 logs. Encouragingly, exposure to 8% TCHD (but not 0.5% or 2.0%) increased gene expression in fully differentiated human air liquid interface cultures by approximately 20‐fold, although this was accompanied by significant cell damage. However, none of the TCHD treated mice in any of the three protocols had higher gene expression compared to no TCHD controls.ConclusionsAlthough TCHD significantly increases gene transfer in cell lines and differentiated airway epithelium ex vivo, this effect is lost in vivo and further highlights that promising in vitro findings often cannot be translated into in vivo applications. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
LOCAL SUCCESS IN ENCOURAGING PARTICIPATORY IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT: POLICY LESSONS FROM INDONESIA
Authors: Ricks Jacob Isaac , Arif Sigit Supadmo 
Published: June 2012

AbstractDespite decades of promotion, efforts to encourage participatory irrigation management often falter. Nowhere is this more true that on the island of Java, Indonesia where multiple programmes and millions of dollars have resulted in few effective water user associations. Even so, pockets of participatory success exist. We present findings from one locally developed water user association training programme found in Yogyakarta, Indonesia that has experienced relative success in encouraging farmer participation. We then derive policy lessons from this case. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Microtubule organization and nucleation in the differentiating ovarian follicle of the lizard Podarcis sicula
Authors: Maurizii Maria Gabriella , Taddei Carlo 
Published: June 2012

AbstractWe analyzed the organization of the microtubular cytoskeleton and the distribution of centrosomes at the different stages of differentiation of the ovarian follicle of the lizard Podarcis sicula by examining immunolabeled α‐ and γ‐tubulins using confocal microscopy. We observed that in the follicular epithelium the differentiation of the nurse pyriform cells is accompanied by a reorganization of the microtubules in the oocyte cortex, changing from a reticular to a radial pattern. Furthermore, these cortical microtubules extend in the cytoplasm of the connected follicle cells through intercellular bridges. Radially oriented microtubules were still more marked in the oocyte cortex during the final stages of oogenesis, when the yolk proteins were incorporated by endocytosis. The nucleation centres of the microtubules (centrosomes) were clearly detectable as γ‐tubulin immunolabeled spots in the somatic stromal cells of the germinal bed. A diffuse cytoplasmic immunolabeling together with multiple labeled foci, resembling the desegregation of the centrosomes in early oogenesis of vertebrates and invertebrates, was revealed in the prediplotenic germ cells. In the cytoplasm of growing oocytes, a diffuse labeling of the γ‐tubulin antibody was always detectable. In the growing ovarian follicles, immunolabeled spots were detected in the mono‐layered follicle cells which surrounded the early oocytes. In follicles with a polymorphic follicular epithelium, only the small follicle cells showed labeled spots. A weak and diffuse labeling was observed in the pyriform cells while in the enlarging intermediate cells the centrosomes degenerated like in the early oocytes. Our observations confirm that in P. sicula most of the oocyte growth is supported by the structural and functional integration of the developing oocyte with the pyriform nurse cells and suggest that their fusion with the oocyte results in an acquirement by these somatic cells of characteristics typical of the germ cells. J. Morphol. 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Corrective economic dispatch in a microgrid
Authors: Wu Yu‐Chi , Chen Meng‐Jen , Lin Jin‐Yuan , Chen Wen‐Shiush , Huang Wen‐Liang 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTIn this paper, a corrective economic dispatch problem formulation for distributed generators in a microgrid is presented, which considers the transition from grid‐connected operation to islanded operation. Various constraints related to the operation of a microgrid are modeled, such as spinning reserve requirement for the variation of load demand and the output of intermittent sources, the flow limits between the control areas, and ramping limits of distributed generators. The resulting problem is then solved by an interior point method. Numerical tests based on a three‐area ten‐unit microgrid system show the effects of these constraints on the generation cost. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A dual‐primal finite‐element tearing and interconnecting method combined with tree‐cotree splitting for modeling electromechanical devices
Authors: Yao Wang , Jin Jian‐Ming , Krein Philip T. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTThe dual‐primal finite‐element tearing and interconnecting (FETI‐DP) method is combined with the tree‐cotree splitting (TCS) method to expand the capability and improve the efficiency of the finite‐element analysis of electromechanical devices. With the FETI‐DP method, an original large‐scale problem is decomposed into smaller subdomain problems and parallel computing schemes are then employed to reduce the computation time significantly. The TCS method is adopted to deal with the low‐frequency breakdown problem, which often accompanies the finite‐element analysis of electromechanical problems. On the basis of the computed magnetic field values, the force is computed with the use of the Maxwell stress tensor method. The proposed technique is applied to solve both high‐contrast magnetostatic problems and eddy‐current problems. Results are compared with both measurement data and brute‐force finite‐element calculations without domain decomposition. Comprehensive tests are conducted to investigate the parallel efficiency and numerical scalability. The results show that the proposed method can achieve a good parallel efficiency and an excellent numerical scalability with respect to the number of subdomains and the size of the problem. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Critical steps for pancreaticoduodenectomy in the setting of pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Authors: Christians Kathleen K. , Tsai Susan , Tolat Parag P. , Evans Douglas B. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractPancreatic resection is one part of a multimodal, multidisciplinary approach to current treatment of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The operation herein has been divided into six discreet steps followed by methods of reconstruction. Management of portal venous and arterial involvement is discussed in detail. The key steps to safe pancreatic surgery are emphasized as one part of present and future pancreatic cancer care. J. Surg. Oncol. 2013;107:33–38. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Clinical analysis of postoperative venous thromboembolism risk factors in lung cancer patients
Authors: Yang Yi , Zhou Zhen , Niu Xiao‐Min , Li Zi‐Ming , Chen Zhi‐Wei , Jian Hong , Ai Xing‐Hao , Cheng Bai‐Jun , Liao Mei‐Lin , Lu Shun 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe objective of this study is to explore clinical risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE) in postoperative lung cancer patients in order to provide a basis for the prevention and treatment of postoperative VTE.MethodsA total of 1,001 lung cancer patients were retrospectively analyzed. Each patient was confirmed with surgical pathology diagnosis and had a complete clinical and follow‐up record. VTE was identified in a combination of spiral computed tomography (CT), pulmonary angiography, and color Doppler ultrasound. We used life table method to create an occurrence frequency curve of thrombosis. We also searched for high risk factors for postoperative VTE with Cox multivariate regression model and created frequency curves of thrombosis against different risk factors using Kaplan–Meier method.ResultsAs of July 31, 2011, the median follow‐up time is 25.73 ± 0.11 months (19.23–31.37). The cumulative frequency of VTE among 1,001 lung cancer patients is 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, and 5.3% over 1, 3, 6, 12, and 30 months after the surgery. COX regression analysis showed that the hazard ratio of VTE occurrence in patients with incomplete resection relative to ones with complete resection is 9.867 (95% CI: 5.275–18.459, P = 0.000). And the hazard ratio of VTE occurrence is 3.472 (95% CI: 1.761–6.845, P = 0.000) in patients with anti‐angiogenesis treatment compared to patients without such treatment. The hazard ratio of VTE occurrence is 2.808 (95% CI: 1.439–5.479, P = 0.002) in patients with EGFR‐TKI treatment relative to patients without the treatment, and 7.520 (95% CI: 3.968–14.250, P = 0.000) in patients with an increase in D‐dimer level relative to normal onesConclusionsThe highest incidence of VTE is within 1 month after lung cancer surgery. High risk factors for VTE include incomplete surgical resection, postoperative use of anti‐angiogenesis drugs, EGFR‐TKI application and an increase in preoperative D‐dimer level. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 106:736–741. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effect of lubricating oil additives on particle size distribution and total number concentration in diesel engine
Authors: Dong Lihui , Shu Gequn , Liang Xingyu , Wang Yuesen , Liu Lina 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTThis paper investigates the characteristics of particle size distribution in exhaust gas of engine fuelled with pure diesel and with diesel mixed with base oil or with oil additives. The experiments are conducted on a turbocharged diesel engine with fast particulate spectrometer DMS 500 connected to the exhaust pipe. Base oil and two kinds of commonly used lubricating oil additives, antioxidant additives and antifoaming additives, are chosen to be added into the fuel, with the concentrations being 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5% of fuel weight individually. The particle size distribution is measured under medium load (100 Nm) and full load at different speeds. The results indicate that the existence of base oil or oil additives shows great influence on particle size distribution. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Challenges in the Preparation of Optical Polymer Composites With Nanosized Pigment Particles: A Review on Recent Efforts
Authors: Demir Mustafa M. , Wegner Gerhard 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBlends of nanosized pigment particles and polymers are widely believed to offer the potential for the design of novel or at least improved materials. This review critically evaluates the recent literature with regard to the following issues: (a) why and how does the size of the particles matter, (b) what are the requirements to create compatibility between amorphous polymers and nanoparticles, (c) carbon allotropes as nanosized pigments, (d) bulk polymerization of monomer/pigment mixtures, (e) interaction of growing chains with the particles in the polymerization, (f) depletion flocculation as a mechanism to counteract homogeneous distribution of the particles in the polymer matrix and ways to suppress the undesirable flocculation, and (g) optical properties of the blends as well as methods of optical characterization. magnified image
Influence of a Nonionic Surfactant on the Preparation of Polymer Dispersions by Precipitation Under Shear
Authors: Kelemen Katharina , Engel Robert , Hecht Lena L. , Schuchmann Heike P. , Holtze Christian 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe phase separation of a 10% aqueous pNIPAM solution ($\overline {M} _{{\rm w}} $ = 270 000 g mol−1) is studied by measuring the viscosity as function of temperature at different shear rates. While heating above the LCST of pNIPAM and simultaneously applying shear the influence of a nonionic surfactant on the resulting polymer dispersion is observed. Without surfactant the pNIPAM solution precipitates in 200 nm particles independent of the applied shear rate. Above a certain concentration of surfactant (7.7 × 10−3 M) a coherent network is formed in the absence of shear. Using the same composition and applying shear leads to 200 nm polymer particles and the formation of particles larger than 5 µm. The different behavior at different surfactant concentrations is ascribed to its effect on particle aggregation.magnified image
Fumonisin FB1 treatment acts synergistically with methyl donor deficiency during rat pregnancy to produce alterations of H3‐ and H4‐histone methylation patterns in fetuses
Authors: Pellanda Hélène , Forges Thierry , Bressenot Aude , Chango Abalo , Bronowicki Jean‐Pierre , Guéant Jean‐Louis , Namour Fares 
Published: June 2012

ScopePrenatal folate and methyl donor malnutrition lead to epigenetic alterations that could enhance susceptibility to disease. Methyl‐deficient diet (MDD) and fumonisin FB1 are risk factors for neural tube defects and cancers. Evidence indicates that FB1 impairs folate metabolism.Methods and resultsFolate receptors and four heterochromatin markers were investigated in rat fetuses liver derived from dams exposed to MDD and/or FB1 administered at a dose twice higher than the provisional maximum tolerable daily intake (PMTDI = 2 μg/kg/day). Even though folate receptors transcription seemed up‐regulated by methyl depletion regardless of FB1 treatment, combined MDD/FB1 exposure might reverse this up‐regulation since folate receptors transcripts were lower in the MDD/FB1 versus MDD group. Methyl depletion decreased H4K20me3. Combined MDD/FB1 decreased H4K20me3 even more and increased H3K9me3. The elevated H3K9me3 can be viewed as a defense mechanism inciting the cell to resist heterochromatin disorganization. H3R2me2 and H4K16Ac varied according to this mechanism even though statistical significance was not consistent.ConclusionConsidering that humans are exposed to FB1 levels above the PMTDI, this study is relevant because it suggests that low doses of FB1 interact with MDD thus contributing to disrupt the epigenetic landscape.
The impact of the catechol‐O‐methyltransferase genotype on vascular function and blood pressure after acute green tea ingestion
Authors: Miller Rosalind J. , Jackson Kim G. , Dadd Tony , Mayes Andrew E. , Brown A. Louise , Lovegrove Julie A. , Minihane Anne M. 
Published: June 2012

ScopeEvidence for the benefits of green tea catechins on vascular function is inconsistent, with genotype potentially contributing to the heterogeneity in response. Here, the impact of the catechol‐O‐methyltransferase (COMT) genotype on vascular function and blood pressure (BP) after green tea extract ingestion are reported.Methods and resultsFifty subjects (n = 25 of the proposed low‐activity [AA] and of the high‐activity [GG] COMT rs4680 genotype), completed a randomized, double‐blind, crossover study. Peripheral arterial tonometry, digital volume pulse (DVP), and BP were assessed at baseline and 90 min after 1.06 g of green tea extract or placebo. A 5.5 h and subsequent 18.5 h urine collection was performed to assess green tea catechin excretion. A genotype × treatment interaction was observed for DVP reflection index (p = 0.014), with green tea extract in the AA COMT group attenuating the increase observed with placebo. A tendency for a greater increase in diastolic BP was evident at 90 min after the green tea extract compared to placebo (p = 0.07). A genotypic effect was observed for urinary methylated epigallocatechin during the first 5.5 h, with the GG COMT group demonstrating a greater concentration (p = 0.049).ConclusionDifferences in small vessel tone according to COMT genotype were evident after acute green tea extract.
Three‐element multilayer multipermittivity cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna for wideband applications with omnidirectional radiation pattern and low cross‐polarization
Authors: Chaudhary Raghvendra Kumar , Srivastava Kumar Vaibhav , Biswas Animesh 
Published: June 2012

AbstractIn this article, a three‐element multilayer multipermittivity (MLMP) cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna (CDRA) is proposed for wideband application. This MLMP CDRA is excited with central MLMP CDR using coaxial probe excitation above the finite ground plane. The central MLMP CDR is located at the center of three‐element MLMP CDRA arrangement. The TM01δ mode is excited in central MLMP CDR using coaxial probe, and hence, HE11δ mode would be excited in each MLMP CDRA element. The proposed three‐element MLMP CDRA provides the measured impedance bandwidth of 52.9% (at resonance frequency of 4.42 GHz) from 3.88 to 6.22 GHz for reflection coefficient (S11) less than −10dB with omnidirectional radiation pattern and low cross‐polarization. The average gain of proposed antenna is 5.70 dB in the frequency range of 3.88–6.22 GHz. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2011–2016, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26985