bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RELATION BETWEEN PROTEIN CHARACTERISTICS AND TPA TEXTURE CHARACTERISTICS OF CRISP GRASS CARP (CTENOPHARYNGODON IDELLUS C. ET V) AND GRASS CARP (CTENOPHARYNGODON IDELLUS)
Authors: LIN WAN‐LING , ZENG QING‐XIAO , ZHU ZHI‐WEI , SONG GUO‐SHENG 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACTThis article focuses on the study of textural and protein characteristics of crisp grass carp (CGC) and grass carp (GC) fillets. The higher texture profile analysis (TPA) texture characteristics of CGC are related to a higher content of myofibrillar, sarcoplasmic, stromal proteins, sulfur amino acids and hydrophobic amino acids. Raman spectroscopy further revealed that the secondary and tertiary structural changes in the two fish meat proteins relate to the differences in TPA texture characteristics of the fillets. Lower α‐helix contents and higher β‐sheet contents are closely correlated to the special mastication properties of CGC fillets. More importantly, the disulfide bond content is another factor that affects the texture of CGC fillets. Furthermore, differential scanning calorimetry revealed that the special mastication properties of CGC fillets result from the greater stabilization afforded by proteins. Overall, the results show that the special texture characteristics of CGC fillet correlates positively with the protein characteristics found in fish muscle tissue.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSTextural characteristics are an important quality for seafood products, which affects acceptability and mechanical processing of fillets. Crisp grass carps (CGCs), broadbean‐fed grass carp (GC), have special mastication. In previous studies, we have found that the differences of texture between both carp's muscles were highly significant. More importantly, the different texture correlated closely with their ultrastructures. Hence, CGC and GC muscles, as the objects for study, will be able to better reflect the relationship between texture and protein characteristics. The research aimed at revealing the mechanism of mastication in CGC muscle to resolve the mastication of CGC decreasing after freezing process.
LIPID‐ENRICHED EGG YOLK FRACTION AS INGREDIENT IN COSMETIC EMULSIONS
Authors: LACA AMANDA , PAREDES BENJAMÍN , DÍAZ MARIO 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACTOwing to its specific characteristics, eggs are not only widely used in the food industry, but also in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. In this work, a new lipid‐enriched egg yolk fraction was evaluated as an ingredient in cosmetic cream formulations. Three formulations were prepared in the laboratory; two were formulated with the yolk fraction (fresh and lyophilized) and the other one was a control sample containing no egg yolk lipidic fraction. Rheological characteristics of creams were evaluated, as well as its microstructure and sensorial properties. In addition, color and particle size measurements at different times of storage were carried out to assess cream stability. According to the results, this egg yolk fraction showed to be a suitable ingredient in cosmetic cream formulations, not only without causing any drawback on cream characteristics, but also improving some of its properties and, specifically, supplying cream with higher consistency, stability and resistance to temperature stress.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSEach constituent of yolk possesses special physical and chemical characteristics. Thus, yolk represents a major source of active principles usable in medical, pharmaceutical, cosmetic and biotechnological industries. In this work, an egg yolk fraction was tested as an ingredient in cosmetic cream formulations. Despite its interesting composition and functional properties, no applications have been developed for this fraction until now. According to the results, this lipid‐enriched fraction could be a potential ingredient in cosmetic cream manufacturing.
Management of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) by the family nurse practitioner: A timeline for anticipated referrals
Authors: Davis Melanie , Lou Jau‐Shin 
Published: June 2011

AbstractPurpose: This article reviews characteristics of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and appropriate timing of referrals by the nurse practitioner (NP).Data sources: Selected research and clinical articles.Conclusion: Management of patients with ALS by the NP requires anticipation of needed referrals based on symptom assessment and knowledge of the common timeline of ALS progression. Close collaboration with specialists such as neurologists, pulmonologists, and a palliative care team provides patients and families with much needed support and improves outcomes.Implications for practice: Anticipating and initiating appropriate and timely referrals for patients with ALS may improve quality of life for patients with this devastating condition.
Maternal outcomes among pregnant women receiving live attenuated influenza vaccine
Authors: Toback Seth L. , Beigi Richard , Tennis Patricia , Sifakis Frangiscos , Calingaert Brian , Ambrose Christopher S. 
Published: June 2011

Please cite this paper as: Toback et al. (2012) Maternal outcomes among pregnant women receiving live attenuated influenza accine. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 6(1), 44–51.Background  Although the live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) prescribing information contains warnings/precautions against use during pregnancy, administration of LAIV to pregnant women does occur. Data regarding maternal outcomes after LAIV administration during pregnancy are limited.Objectives  Maternal outcomes after LAIV vaccination during pregnancy were examined.Methods  Data from a health insurance claims database that covers approximately 50 million individuals were analyzed for the six influenza seasons from 2003–2004 through 2008–2009. Emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations occurring within 42 days of vaccination were analyzed by primary diagnosis; outcomes were categorized as cardiopulmonary, obstetric, and other. Cohort characteristics were analyzed using descriptive statistics.Results  Of 834 999 pregnancies identified, 138 (0·017%) were among women who received LAIV vaccinations. Of the 138 pregnant women, 13% were ≤19 years, 67% were 20–34 years, and 20% were ≥35 years of age. Eight events occurred within 42 days of vaccination: one ED visit for bronchitis, two hospitalizations for hyperemesis gravidarum and premature labor, and five ED visits/hospitalizations for common medical conditions. All outcomes identified after LAIV exposure occurred at rates similar to rates in unvaccinated pregnant women reported in the medical literature.Conclusions  Administration of LAIV to pregnant women is rare; the rate has remained constant since 2004–2005. In this cohort, there was no evidence of significant maternal adverse outcomes after receipt of LAIV. These data may offer some reassurance to providers and pregnant women in the event of inadvertent LAIV administration, but do not support the routine use of LAIV in pregnant women.
Bee diversity in scrub oak patches 2 years after mow and herbicide treatment
Authors: BRIED JASON T. , DILLON AMANDA M. 
Published: June 2011

Abstract.1. Little is known about the diversity and land management response of native solitary bees in globally rare barrens restricted to the northeastern United States. Herein we assess solitary bee diversity in a scrub oak barrens 2 years after a mow and herbicide treatment.2. Standard bowl‐trap and sweep‐net surveys were repeated six times during June–August in four treated scrub oak patches and a nearby untreated scrub oak patch.3. Bee richness and total abundance (all specimens) did not differ appreciably between the treated and untreated scrub oak. However, analysis of species composition and abundances while controlling for seasonality suggested a treatment effect.4. Increased apparentness of nectar resources and sandy areas post‐treatment may have favoured sand specialist and oligolectic bee species.5. Although not a surrogate for fire, we expect mow and herbicide treatment to delay the return of closed‐canopy thicket, lower the costs of prescribed fire maintenance, and allow bee communities’ greater recovery time.
New Hormaphididae (Hemiptera, Aphidomorpha) from the Baltic Amber and its Palaeogeographic Significance
Authors: WEGJEREK Piotr , ŻYŁA Dagmara 
Published: June 2011

Abstract:The present study describes a new genus and species Unicohormaphis sorini, which belongs to the subfamily Cerataphidinae. The contemporary distribution of aphids belonging to the Hormaphididae family is summarized and analyzed. According to the obtained data, the climate warming in Eocene was conducive to the expansion of the family over the areas of Europe. Subsequent climate changes, resulting from epeirogenic and orogenic movements towards the end of Eocene, led to a considerable cooling and drying of climate in the northern hemisphere. These processes contributed to the shrinking down of areas covered by subtropical forests, which constituted the habitat of Hormaphididae (Cerataphidinae). Retaining their way of life, the Cerataphidinae were forced to limit their distribution, and the representatives of the family in Europe became completely extinct.
Variability of Nonionellina labradorica Dawson in Surface Sediments from Kongsfjorden, West Spitsbergen
Authors: SHETYE Suhas , MOHAN Rahul , SHUKLA Sunil Kumar , MARUTHADU Sudhakar , RAVINDRA Rasik 
Published: June 2011

Abstract:Kongsfjorden is a fjord in Spitsbergen (Svalbard archipelago) that lies adjacent to both Arctic and Atlantic water masses and is therefore a suitable site to understand the effects of climate change on ecosystems. To decipher the effect of the lateral advection of transformed Atlantic water (TAW) within the fjord, spatial variations of foraminiferal tests, their test size variations and stable isotopic composition (δ13C and δ18O) in the surface sediments were studied. Total organic carbon and textural analyses were also carried out. The dominant benthic foraminifera included Nonionellina labradorica, Elphidium excavatum, Cassidulina reniforme, Quinqueloculina stalkeri and Islandiella islandica. Nonionellina labradorica was the predominant species in the outer fjord, whereas Elphidium excavatum and Cassidulina reniforme were dominant in the inner fjord. Total organic carbon and the test size of Nonionellina labradorica within the fjord were highly correlated (r= 0.97) and both showed a decreasing trend towards the inner fjord Based on the distribution and abundance of Nonionellina labradorica as well as temperature profiles, we suggest that there was little or no major change in the lateral advection of TAW within the fjord in the immediate past.
Late Silurian to Early Devonian Palynomorphs from Qujing, Yunnan, Southwest China
Authors: TIAN Jiajie , ZHU Huaicheng , HUANG Min , LIU Feng 
Published: June 2011

Abstract:Well‐preserved and diversified spores, cryptospores, and acritarchs have been recorded from a relatively continuous sequence that encompasses the Silurian–Devonian boundary in Qujing, Yunnan, southwest China. Four spore assemblage zones from Late Silurian to Early Devonian in age are proposed based on the first appearance datum (FAD) of characteristic spore species. In ascending stratigraphic order, they are Ambitisporites dilutus–Apiculiretusispora synorea (DS; Late Ludfordian to Early Pridoli), Synorisporites verrucatus–Apiculiretusispora plicata (VP; Pridoli), Apiculiretusispora minuta–Leiotriletes ornatus (MO; Lochkovian), and Verrucosisporites polygonalis–Dibolisporites wetteldorfensis (PW; Pragian). The acritarch assemblage from the upper part of the Yulongsi Formation, the Xiaxishancun Formation, and the lower–middle parts of the Xitun Formation indicates an age of Late Silurian. Based on palynological evidence, the upper part of the Yulongsi Formation is considered Late Ludfordian to Early Pridoli in age; the Xiaxishancun Formation is believed to be Pridoli in age; the Xitun Formation is considered Late Pridoli to Early Lochkovian in age; the Guijiatun Formation is considered Lochkovian in age; and the Xujiachong Formation is Late Lochkovian to Pragian in age. The Silurian‐Devonian boundary is recognized between the VP and the MO spore biozones, and occurs within the middle part of the Xitun Formation.
Basement of the South China Sea Area: Tracing the Tethyan Realm
Authors: LIU Hailing , ZHENG Hongbo , WANG Yanlin , LIN Qiujin , WU Chaohua , ZHAO Meisong , DU Yunkong 
Published: June 2011

Abstract:The basement of the South China Sea (SCS) and adjacent areas can be divided into six divisions (regions) – Paleozoic Erathem graben‐faulted basement division in Beibu Gulf, Paleozoic Erathem strike‐slip pull‐apart in Yinggehai waters, Paleozoic Erathem faulted‐depression in eastern Hainan, Paleozoic Erathem rifted in northern Xisha (Paracel), Paleozoic Erathem strike‐slip extending in southern Xisha, and Paleozoic‐Mesozoic Erathem extending in Nansha Islands (Spratly) waters. The Pre‐Cenozoic basement in the SCS and Yunkai continental area are coeval within the Tethyan tectonic domain in the Pre‐Cenozoic Period. They are formed on the background of the Paleo‐Tethyan tectonic domain, and are important components of the Eastern Tethyan multi‐island‐ocean system. Three branches of the Eastern Paleo‐Tethys tectonic domain, North Yunkai, North Hainan, and South Hainan sea basins, have evolved into the North Yunkai, North Hainan, and South Hainan suture zones, respectively. This shows a distinctive feature of localization for the Pre‐Cenozoic basement. The Qiongnan (i.e. South Hainan) Suture Zone on the northern margin of the South China Sea can be considered the vestige of the principal ocean basin of Paleo‐Tethys, and connected with the suture zone of the Longmucuo‐Shuanghu belt–Bitu belt –Changning‐Menglian‐Bentong‐Raub belt, the south extension of Bitu‐Changning‐Menglian–Ching Mai belt–Chanthaburi‐Raub‐Bentong belt on the west of South China Sea, and with the Lianhua‐Taidong suture zone (a fault along the east side of Longitudinal Valley in Taiwan)–Hida LP/HT (low pressure‐high temperature) metamorphic belt–Hida‐marginal HP/LT metamorphic belt in southwestern Honshu of Japan, on the east of the South China Sea. The Qiongbei (North Hainan) suture zone may eastwards extended along the Wangwu‐Wenjiao fault zone, and connects with the Lufeng‐Dapu‐Zhenghe‐Shangyu (Lianhuashan) deep fault zone through the Pearl River Mouth Basin. The Meso‐Tethys developed on the south of the South China Sea. The Nansha Trough may be considered the vestige of the northern shelf of the Meso‐Tethys. The oceanic crust of the Meso‐Tethys has southwards subducted along the subduction‐collision‐thrust southern margin of the Nansha Trough with a subduction‐pole opposite to those of the Yarlung Zangbo‐Mytkyina‐Bago zone on the west of the South China Sea, and the Meso‐Tethyan (e.g. Northern Chichibu Ocean of the Meso‐Tethys) suture zone “Butsozo tectonic line” in the outer belt of the Jurassic‐Early Cretaceous terrene group in southwest Japan, on the east of the South China Sea.
Theoretical Prediction of Gibbs Free Energies of Formation for Crystalline α‐MOOH and α‐M2O3 Based on a Linear Free‐Energy Relationship
Authors: SUN Xiaoming 
Published: June 2011

Abstract:In the present study, the modified Sverjensky–Molling equation, derived from a linear‐free energy relationship, is used to predict the Gibbs free energies of formation of crystalline phases of α‐MOOH (with a goethite structure) and α‐M2O3 (with a hematite structure) from the known thermodynamic properties of the corresponding aqueous trivalent cations (M3+). The modified equation is expressed as ΔG0f,MVX=aMVXΔG0n,M3++bMVX+βMVXγM3+, where the coefficients aMVX, bMVX, and βMVX characterize a particular structural family of MvX (M is a trivalent cation [M3+] and X represents the remainder of the composition of solid); γ3+ is the ionic radius of trivalent cations (M3+); ΔG0f,MVX is the standard Gibbs free energy of formation of MvX; and ΔG0n,M3+ is the non‐solvation energy of trivalent cations (M3+). By fitting the equation to the known experimental thermodynamic data, the coefficients for the goethite family (α‐MOOH) are aMVX=0.8838, bMVX=–424.4431 (kcal/mol), and βMVX=115 (kcal/mol.Å), while the coefficients for the hematite family (α‐M2O3) are aMVX=1.7468, bMVX=–814.9573 (kcal/mol), and βMVX=278 (kcal/mol.Å). The constrained relationship can be used to predict the standard Gibbs free energies of formation of crystalline phases and Active phases (i.e. phases that are thermodynamically unstable and do not occur at standard conditions) within the isostructural families of goethite (α‐MOOH) and hematite (α‐M2O3) if the standard Gibbs free energies of formation of the trivalent cations are known.
Late Jurassic Cu‐Mo Mineralization at the Zhashui‐Shanyang District, South Qinling, China: Constraints from Re‐Os Molybdenite and Laser Ablation‐Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry U‐Pb Zircon Dating
Authors: LI Qiugen , LIU Shuwen , WANG Zongqi , WANG Dongsheng , YAN Zhen , YANG Kai , WU Fenghui 
Published: June 2011

Abstract:The Zhashui‐Shanyang district is one of the most important sulfide deposits in the Qinling Orogen where the formation of porphyry‐skarn Cu‐Mo deposits has a close genetic link with the Yanshannian magmatism. Laser Ablation‐Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA‐ICP‐MS) U‐Pb zircon dating of two granodiorite intrusions (Xiaohekou and Lengshuigou deposits) was investigated in the Zhashui‐Shanyang district and the rock‐forming ages obtained from 148.3±2.8 to 152.6±1.2 Ma, averaging 150.5 Ma, accompanied by a younger disturbance age of 144.3±1.7 Ma in the Lengshuigou intrusion, which is in excellent agreement with published sensitive high resolution ion micro‐probe (SHRIMP) zircon date on the later monzodiorite porphyry phase in the Lenshuigou deposit. Two samples were selected for molybdenite ICP‐MS Re‐Os isotopic analyses from the Lengshuigou granodiorite porphyry, yielding Re‐Os model ages from 149.2±2.7 Ma to 150.6±3.4 Ma, with a weighted mean age of 149.7±2.1 Ma. These mineralization ages overlap rock‐forming ages of the host intrusions within the error range. This implies that the mineralization occurred in the Late Jurassic, which belongs to the tectonic phase B event of the Yanshan Movement, not Cretaceous as previously thought. Therefore, the Late Jurassic mineralization of the Zhashui‐Shanyang district could be connected to the large‐scale Yanshan molybdenum metallogenic period, the geodynamic regime of which is attributable to the far field response of convergence of surrounding plates, perhaps the approximately westward subduction of the Izanagi plate beneath the Eurasian continent.
Re–Os and U–Pb Geochronology of the Erlihe Pb–Zn Deposit, Qinling Orogenic Belt, Central China, and Constraints on Its Deposit Genesis
Authors: ZHANG Fan , LIU Shuwen , LI Qiugen , SUN Yali , WANG Zongqi , YAN Quanren , YAN Zhen 
Published: June 2011

Abstract:The Erlihe Pb–Zn deposit is an important mine of the Pb–Zn metallogenic zone in the South Qinling Orogen. It has been considered a sedimentary exhalative deposit in previous investigations because the ore body occurs concordantly at the transitional location of an upright fold. Re and Os isotopic analyses for paragenetic pyrites with sphalerite and galena from the ore body have been used to determine the timing of mineralization and to trace the source of metallogenic materials. The Re–Os isotopic data of four pyrite samples construct an isochron, yielding a weighted average age of 226±17 Ma (mean square weighted deviation=1.7), which is considered the main mineralization age. A dioritic porphyrite vein sample, showing weaker mineralization, was also dated using the SHRIMP zircon U–Pb isotopic method to constrain the youngest metallogenic age of the ore deposit, because it distributes along a group of tensional joints cutting not only the upright fold in the deposit field, but also the main ore bodies. The dioritic porphyrite sample yields a weighted mean 206Pb/238U age of 221±3 Ma, which is slightly younger than the Re–Os isotopic isochron age of the pyrites, considered as the upper age limit of the mineralization, namely the ending age of the mineralization. The Os isotopic compositions of sulfide minerals distribute within a range between Os isotopic compositions of the crust and the mantle, indicating that the ore deposit can be derived from magma‐related fluid, and the metallogenic materials are most likely derived from the mixing source of the crust and the mantle. The Erlihe Pb–Zn deposit and associated dioritic porphyrite vein, important records of Qinling tectonic–magmatism–mineralization activities, were formed during the Triassic collisional orogeny processes.
Oxygen Isotope Characteristics of the Footwall Alteration Zones in the Hongtoushan Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide Deposit, Liaoning Province, China and Restoration of Their Formation Temperatures
Authors: ZHENG Yuanchuan , GU Lianxing , TANG Xiaoqian , LIU Sihai , WU Changzhi , LI Chunhai 
Published: June 2011

Abstract:The Hongtoushan Volcanogenic Massive Sulphide Deposit (VMSD) occurs in the Hunbei granite‐greenstone terrane, Liaoning Province, NE China. Rocks in the mining area have been metamorphosed around 3.0–2.8 Ga to upper amphibolite facies at temperatures between 600°C and 650°C. Cordierite‐anthophyllite gneiss (CAG) in the Hongtoushan mining area, which occurs hundreds of meters below the ore horizon, corresponds to the metamorphosed semi‐conformable alteration zone of the VMSD hydrothermal system, whereas the one immediately below the main ore layer represents the metamorphosed pipe‐like alteration zone. Whole‐rock oxygen isotope signatures were well preserved in both types of CAGs, although the mineral components have been entirely changed during regional metamorphism. Therefore, whole‐rock oxygen isotopes can be used to estimate the formation temperature of both types of alteration zone. Calculations show that the semi‐conformable and pipelike alteration zones for the Hongtoushan submarine hydrothermal system were formed at 290–360°C and 285–320°C, respectively, whereas estimates for the former were slightly higher than that of the latter, indicating that the semi‐conformable alteration zone represents the deep part of the Hongtoushan seafloor hydrothermal system, while the pipe‐like alteration zone represents the discharge conduits for metal‐rich fluids, which is closer to the seafloor.