bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temperature and Composition Disturbances in the Southern Auroral Region of Jupiter Revealed by JWST/MIRI
Authors: Rodríguez‐Ovalle Pablo , Fouchet Thierry , Guerlet Sandrine , Cavalié Thibault , Hue Vincent , López‐Puertas Manuel , Lellouch Emmanuel , Sinclair James A. , de Pater Imke , Fletcher Leigh N. , Wong Michael H. , Harkett Jake , Orton Glenn S. , Hueso Ricardo , Sánchez‐Lavega Agustín , Stallard Tom S. , Bockelee‐Morvan Dominique , King Oliver , Roman Michael T. , Melin Henrik 
Published: June 2024

AbstractJupiter's South Polar Region (SPR) was observed by James Webb Space Telescope/Mid‐Infrared Instrument in December 2022. We used the Medium Resolution Spectrometer mode to provide new information about Jupiter's South Polar stratosphere. The southern auroral region was visible and influenced the atmosphere in several ways: (a) In the interior of the southern auroral oval, we retrieved peak temperatures at two distinct pressure levels near 0.01 and 1 mbar, with warmer temperatures with respect to non‐auroral regions of 12 ± 2 K and 37 ± 4 K respectively. A cold polar vortex is centered at 65°S at 10 mbar. (b) We found that the homopause is elevated to km above the 1‐bar pressure level inside the auroral oval compared to km at neighboring latitudes and with an upper altitude of 350 km in regions not affected by auroral precipitation. (c) The retrieved abundance of C2H2 shows an increase within the auroral oval, and it exhibits high abundances throughout the polar region. The retrieved abundance of C2H6 increases toward the pole, without being localized in the auroral oval, in contrast with previous analysis (Sinclair et al., 2018, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2017.09.016). We determined that the warming at 0.01 mbar and the elevated homopause might be caused by the flux of charged particles depositing their energy in the SPR. The 1‐mbar hotspot may arise from adiabatic heating resulting from auroral‐driven downwelling. The cold region at 10 mbar may be caused by radiative cooling by stratospheric aerosols. The differences in spatial distribution seem to indicate that the hydrocarbons analyzed are affected differently by auroral precipitation.
Protective effects of butorphanol in oleic acid-endotoxin “two-hit” induced rat lung injury by suppression of inflammation and apoptosis
Authors: Zheng Yanlei , Hu Ronghua , Hu Jinrong , Feng Lina , Li Shi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractButorphanol is widely used as an anesthetic drug, whether butorphanol could reduce organ injury and protecting lung tissue is unknown. This study explored the effects of butorphanol on ALI and investigated its underlying mechanisms. We established a “two-hit” rat model and “two-hit” cell model to prove our hypothesis. Rats were divided into four groups [control, “two-hit” (OA + LPS), “two-hit” + butorphanol (4 mg/kg and 8 mg/kg) (OA + LPS + B1 and OA + LPS + B2)]. RPMVE cells were divided into four groups [control, “two-hit” (OA + LPS), “two-hit” + butorphanol (4 μM and 8 μM) (OA + LPS + 4 μM and OA + LPS + 8 μM)]. Inflammatory injury was assessed by the histopathology and W/D ratio, inflammatory cytokines, and arterial blood gas analysis. Apoptosis was assessed by Western blotting and flow cytometry. The effect of NF-κB p65 was detected by ELISA. Butorphanol could relieve the “two-hit” induced lung injury, the expression of TNF, IL-1β, IL-6, and improve lung ventilation. In addition, butorphanol decreased Bax and cleaved caspase-3, increased an antiapoptotic protein (Bcl-2), and inhibited the “two-hit” cell apoptosis ratio. Moreover, butorphanol suppressed NF-κB p65 activity in rat lung injury. Our research showed that butorphanol may attenuate “two-hit”-induced lung injury by regulating the activity of NF-κB p65, which may supply more evidence for ALI treatment.
The effect of mesenchymal stem cell conditioned medium incorporated within chitosan nanostructure in clearance of common gastroenteritis bacteria in-vitro and in-vivo
Authors: Bagheri-Josheghani Sareh , Saffari Mahmood , Radaei Tooba , Mirzaei Hamed , Rashki Somaye , Fatemi-Nasab Zahra Sadat , Derakhshan-nezhad Elahe , Bakhshi Bita 
Published: June 2024

AbstractGastroenteritis infection is a major public health concern worldwide, especially in developing countries due to the high annual mortality rate. The antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of human mesenchymal stem cell-derived conditioned medium (hMSCsCM) encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticles (ChNPs) was studied in vitro and in vivo against common gastroenteritis bacteria. The synthesized ChNPs were characterized using Zeta potential, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) techniques. HMSC-derived conditioned medium incorporated into chitosan NPs (hMSCsCM-ChNPs) composite was fabricated by chitosan nanoparticles loaded with BM-MSCs (positive for CD73 and CD44 markers). The antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of composite was investigated against four common gastroenteritis bacteria (Campylobacter jejuni ATCC29428, Salmonella enteritidis ATCC13076, Shigella dysenteriae PTCC1188, and E. coli ATCC25922) in-vitro and in-vivo. Majority of ChNPs (96%) had an average particle size of 329 nm with zeta potential 7.08 mV. The SEM images confirmed the synthesis of spherical shape for ChNPs and a near-spherical shape for hMSCsCM-ChNPs. Entrapment efficiency of hMSCsCM-ChNPs was 75%. Kinetic profiling revealed that the release rate of mesenchymal stem cells was reduced following the pH reduction. The antibacterial activity of hMSCsCM-ChNPs was significantly greater than that of hMSCsCM and ChNPs at dilutions of 1:2 to 1:8 (P < 0.05) against four common gastroenteritis bacteria. The number of bacteria present decreased more significantly in the group of mice treated with the hMSCsCM-ChNPs composite than in the groups treated with hMSCsCM and ChNPs. The antibacterial activity of hMSCsCM against common gastroenteritis bacteria in an in vivo assay decreased from > 106 CFU/ml to approximately (102 to 10) after 72 h. Both in vitro and in vivo assays demonstrated the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of ChNPs at a concentration of 0.1% and hMSCsCM at a concentration of 1000 μg/ml to be inferior to that of hMSCsCM-ChNPs (1000 μg/ml + 0.1%) composite. These results indicated the existence of a synergistic effect between ChNPs and hMSCsCM. The designed composite exhibited notable antibiofilm and antibacterial activities, demonstrating optimal release in simulated intestinal lumen conditions. The utilization of this composite is proposed as a novel treatment approach to combat gastroenteritis bacteria in the context of more challenging infections.
The impact of COVID-19 on microRNA and CD marker expression in AML patients
Authors: Saeed Rastee H. , Abdulrahman Zirak Faqe Ahmed , Mohammad Dara K. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAcute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is an aggressive leukaemia characterised by uncontrolled blast cell proliferation. miRNAs and Clusters of Differentiation (CD) molecules play essential roles in AML progression. This study aims to investigate the effect of COVID-19 on the expression of circulating miRNA and CD molecules in AML. This cross-sectional study recruited 32 AML patients and 20 controls. Blood samples were collected and analysed using molecular cytogenetic, miRNA/mRNA expression, and flow cytometry techniques. The expression of miRNAs varied significantly between patients with AML and control individuals. The co-expression of these miRNAs was higher (P < 0.05), indicating that the presence of one miRNA led to increased expression of other miRNAs. A differential correlation was observed between miRNAs and CD markers. Additionally, miRNA 16, miRNA 21, and miRNA 221 showed significant downregulation (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively) in AML patients with COVID-19 infection compared to those without a disease. Interestingly, this study identified a higher expression level (P < 0.01) of miRNA 137 as a novel biomarker for AML patients. Moreover, the expression of miRNA 137 showed a high correlation (P < 0.05) with most of the CD markers examined in this study and FISH features data. Furthermore, a strong correlation (P < 0.01) was observed between CD markers and miRNA among AML patients with positive and negative COVID-19 infection. These data demonstrated that COVID-19 contributed to increased expression of microRNAs in AML patients. MicroRNA 137 was identified as a novel microRNA that exhibited significant differences between patients and healthy individuals, highlighting its role in AML pathogenesis.
Improving difficult direct laryngoscopy prediction using deep learning and minimal image analysis: a single-center prospective study
Authors: Kim Jong-Ho , Jung Hee-Sun , Lee So-Eun , Hou Jong-Uk , Kwon Young-Suk 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAccurate prediction of difficult direct laryngoscopy (DDL) is essential to ensure optimal airway management and patient safety. The present study proposed an AI model that would accurately predict DDL using a small number of bedside pictures of the patient’s face and neck taken simply with a smartphone. In this prospective single-center study, adult patients scheduled for endotracheal intubation under general anesthesia were included. Patient pictures were obtained in frontal, lateral, frontal-neck extension, and open mouth views. DDL prediction was performed using a deep learning model based on the EfficientNet-B5 architecture, incorporating picture view information through multitask learning. We collected 18,163 pictures from 3053 patients. After under-sampling to achieve a 1:1 image ratio of DDL to non-DDL, the model was trained and validated with a dataset of 6616 pictures from 1283 patients. The deep learning model achieved a receiver operating characteristic area under the curve of 0.81–0.88 and an F1-score of 0.72–0.81 for DDL prediction. Including picture view information improved the model’s performance. Gradient-weighted class activation mapping revealed that neck and chin characteristics in frontal and lateral views are important factors in DDL prediction. The deep learning model we developed effectively predicts DDL and requires only a small set of patient pictures taken with a smartphone. The method is practical and easy to implement.
Effect of tissue tension on magnetic compression anastomosis of digestive tract
Authors: Zhang Miaomiao , Ma Jia , Shi Aihua , Gong Ruimin , Zhao Xuhe , Zhong Qiuye , Shen Linxin , Lyu Yi , Yan Xiaopeng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWith the increasing application of magnetic compression anastomosis (MCA) in gastrointestinal anastomosis, we identified an interesting phenomenon that an anastomosis is more prone to stenosis after endoscopic gastrointestinal MCA. We hypothesized that the increase in tissue tension during endoscopic procedures is the cause of anastomotic stenosis. In this study, we investigated the effect of tissue tension on gastroduodenal bypass MCA in Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats. Twenty SD rats were divided into the study group (high-tension group, n = 10) and control group (no tension group, n = 10), wherein the rats underwent complete gastroduodenal bypass magnetic anastomosis under high tension and no tension of the digestive tract, respectively. Anastomotic specimens were obtained 4 weeks after the operation, and anastomotic diameters of the two groups were observed and measured. The histological difference was observed by hematoxylin & eosin and Masson staining. The operation was successfully completed in all rats, and all survived until 4 weeks postoperatively. Anastomotic measurements revealed that the anastomosis diameter was significantly smaller in the study group than in the control group, and there were three cases of severe anastomotic stenosis. Histological observation showed that the amount of collagen fibers in the anastomosis was greater in the study group than in the control group. The results suggest that the high-tension state of the digestive tract is an important factor leading to anastomotic stenosis, and thus, we put forward the Yan-Zhang’s Tissue Tension Theory of MCA to explain this phenomenon.
The role of social capital in the impact of multiple shocks on households’ coping strategies in underdeveloped rural areas
Authors: Yang Yuying , Huang Yanfang , Huang Jiaqi , Nie Fengying 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSocial capital has long been recognized as a facilitator of socio-economic development. However, the role of social capital in enhancing resilience to multiple shocks in rural China remains insufficiently explored. This study focus on the resilience of households that have recently get rid of poverty and reside in underdeveloped rural areas of China. Unlike previous studies, the article incorporates multiple shocks, social capital, and households’ coping strategies into a research framework at the micro level. This study systematically analyses the multiple shocks experienced by households, their coping strategies, and further explores the mediating role of social capital. Utilizing two waves of a rural household panel survey data collected in six underdeveloped counties in 2015 and 2018 in China, we present four key findings. Currently, households primarily contend with drought, illness of family members, and the high costs of agricultural inputs as the main shocks. Their predominant coping strategy is reducing consumption. Importantly, social capital exhibits a mediating effect, accounting for 9.8% of the impact of multiple shocks on households’ coping strategies. Notably, natural disasters significantly diminish the informal functions of social capital. While social capital exerts a full mediating effect in non-agricultural households, this effect is not observed among others. This study contributes to a better understanding of the dynamics and specificities of social capital in vulnerable rural areas. Additionally, the findings provide policymakers with practical insights regarding differentiated and preemptive risk governance approaches.
A prominent role of LncRNA H19 in H. pylori CagA induced DNA damage response and cell malignancy
Authors: He Xiaofeng , Huang Tingting , Wang Qinrong , Bao Liya , Wang Zhengrong , Song Hui , Li Yanhong , Zhou Jianjiang , Zhao Yan , Xie Yuan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHelicobacter pylori (H. pylori), together with its CagA, has been implicated in causing DNA damage, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and the development of gastric cancer. Although lncRNA H19 is abundantly expressed in gastric cancer and functions as a pro-oncogene, it remains unclear whether lncRNA H19 contributes to the oncogenic process of H. pylori CagA. This study investigates the role of H19 in the DNA damage response and malignancy induced by H. pylori. It was observed that cells infected with CagA+H. pylori strain (GZ7/cagA) showed significantly higher H19 expression, resulting in increased γH2A.X and p-ATM expression and decreased p53 and Rad51 expression. Faster cell migration and invasion was also observed, which was reversed by H19 knockdown in H. pylori. YWHAZ was identified as an H19 target protein, and its expression was increased in H19 knockdown cells. GZ7/cagA infection responded to the increased YWHAZ expression induced by H19 knockdown. In addition, H19 knockdown stimulated cells to enter the G2-phase and attenuated the effect of GZ7/cagA infection on the cellular S-phase barrier. The results suggest that H. pylori CagA can upregulate H19 expression, participate in the DNA damage response and promote cell migration and invasion, and possibly affect cell cycle arrest via regulation of YWHAZ.
A Comparison of the Efficacy of Four Repositioning Maneuvers in the Treatment of Posterior Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo
Authors: Valsted Sebastian Satkunasingam , Larsen Andreas Thesbjerg , Callesen Henriette Edemann , Hougaard Dan Dupont 
Published: June 2024

Purpose:
The purpose of the present review was to report the effectiveness of Epley maneuver compared to other manual repositioning maneuvers (RM) for treatment of posterior benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (P-BPPV). A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library was conducted up until June 30, 2023.

Results:

Primary outcomes focused on complete resolution of vertiginous symptoms measured by either a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) or the Dix–Hallpike (DH) test. Secondary outcomes included conversion of a positive DH test to a negative DH test exclusively looking at positional nystagmus and assessment of side effects (cervical/back pain, posttreatment dizziness, and nausea). Both outcomes were assessed within a maximum of 4-week follow-up. Following systematic search and review, nine randomized controlled trials (RCTs;
p
= .413) were found. The studies reported on the effectiveness of the Epley maneuver compared to three other specific RM: Semont, Li, and Gans maneuvers. Results revealed a low to very low certainty of evidence. With the primary outcomes, Epley maneuver was superior to Gans maneuver 24-hr posttreatment but not after 1 week. No significant differences were found between the remaining maneuvers.

Conclusions:
In summary, evidence of low to very low certainty indicates that Epley maneuver is comparable with Semont, Gans, and Li maneuvers for vertiginous symptoms in patients with P-BPPV. Further high-quality studies are needed.
Source depth estimation based on the higher‐order sound field in the deep ocean
Authors: Sun Dajun , Wang Zehua , Shi Junjie , Liang Minshuai , Chen Yi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLloyd's mirror effect is a spatial interference phenomenon that results from the coherent combination of direct and surface‐reflected propagation paths. The higher‐order vertical sound intensities of the interference sound field contain source depth information, and the relationship between these higher‐order sound intensities can be employed to estimate the source depth. A method for source depth estimation and qualitative binary source depth discrimination using the 0th‐order sound pressure, as well as the 1st‐ and 2nd‐order sound intensities, was proposed. The numerical simulation results confirmed the ability of the proposed method to approximate the source depth and discriminate between surface and submerged sources without requiring long‐term tracking or knowledge of the ocean environment.
Meteorological Trends and the Travel Sector in Bali 1991–2020
Authors: Sumaja Kadek , Koo Tay T.R. 
Published: June 2024

Summary
This case study describes 30 years of meteorological data for the purpose of sharpening the management, strategic and policy discussions on the potential impact of climate on the aviation and travel sectors in Bali. Findings show a mix of positive and negative meteorological trends that may have implications for developing regulatory, physical and economic strategies.

Information
© The Authors 2024
May Morris, Egypt, and Coptic Textiles
Authors: Cooper Thomas 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In the late-nineteenth century, vast quantities of Coptic textiles were brought to light through archaeological activity in Egypt and distributed among international collections. Produced between the third and seventh centuries CE, these remarkably preserved ancient objects became prized by textile scholars, including the artist, writer and teacher of the Arts and Crafts Movement, May Morris (1862–1938). This essay discusses Morris’s visit to Egypt in 1896, and her study and collecting of Coptic textiles. It argues that, in her 1899 publication ‘Coptic Textiles’, Morris produced an original contribution to emerging scholarship on Coptic art by formulating an experimental intervention that drew upon her knowledge and expertise as a textile maker-historian, and espoused an orientalised aesthetic response to colour. Following this, it considers how her collecting of Coptic textiles and valuing of Coptic material heritage was imbricated within a complex and contradictory discourse on preservation propagated among Arts and Crafts networks.
Anatomical evaluation of a novel echocardiography based tricuspid valve classification in 60 hearts from body donors
Authors: Schwendt Karoline , Pruizde Paata , Zwinz Sabrina , Weissinger Sabine , Nesteruk Julia , Zientara Alicja , Costa Galbas Michelle , Czerny Martin , Weninger Wolfgang J , Gottardi Roman 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to provide comprehensive morphological descriptions of the morphology of the tricuspid valve and to evaluate if a novel echocardiography-based tricuspid valve nomenclature can also be understood anatomically.

METHODS
Tricuspid valves of 60 non-embalmed human body donors without a medical history of pathologies or macroscopic malformations of the heart were included. Length, height and surface area of leaflets were measured. The valves were morphologically classified according to a novel echocardiography-based classification, in which 6 types are distinguished: classic 3-leaflet configuration, bicuspid valves, valves with 1 leaflet split into 2 scallops or leaflets and valves with 2 leaflets divided into 2 scallops or leaflets.

RESULTS
We found a true 3-leaflet configuration in only 19 (31.7%) of valves. Five (8.3%) had a 2-leaflet configuration with a fused anterior and posterior leaflet. Of those, 3 had a divided septal leaflet. Four valves (6.7%) had a divided anterior leaflet, 17 (28.3%) had a divided posterior leaflet, 6 (10%) had a divided septal leaflet and 9 (15.0%) had 2 leaflets divided. Overall, 39 (65%) of valves have at least 1 leaflet that is divided. In 22 (36.7%) specimens, the leaflet was divided into true leaflets, and in 17 (28.3%) specimens, the leaflet was divided into scallops. In addition, we could identify 9 (15%) valves having 1 leaflet divided not only in 2 but 3 scallops or leaflets.

CONCLUSIONS
This study provides further anatomical insight for the significant variability in the morphology of the tricuspid valve. By updating the understanding of its morphological characteristics, this study equips clinicians with valuable insights to effectively advance surgical and interventional treatment of tricuspid valves.
The role of concomitant coronary artery bypass grafting in acute type A aortic dissection complicated by coronary malperfusion
Authors: Pitts Leonard , Kofler Markus , Montagner Matteo , Heck Roland , Kurz Stephan Dominik , Sündermann Simon , Falk Volkmar , Kempfert Jörg 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Managing acute type A aortic dissection with coronary malperfusion is challenging. This study outlines our revascularization strategy for these patients.

METHODS
Patients undergoing surgery for acute type A aortic dissection with coronary malperfusion and aortic root involvement from January 2000 to December 2021 were included. Patients were classified using the Neri classification for coronary dissection, including a novel ‘Neri −’ class (no coronary dissection). Patients undergoing revascularization either as a planned or as a bailout strategy due to persisting low cardiac output were compared additionally.

RESULTS
The cohort comprised 195 patients: 43 (22%) Neri −, 43 (22%) Neri A, 74 (38%) Neri B and 35 (18%) Neri C. Aortic root replacement was mainly performed in 25 Neri C patients (71%; P &lt; 0.001). Concomitant bypass surgery was performed in 4 (9%) of Neri −, 5 (12%) of Neri A, 21 (28%) of Neri B and 32 (91%) of Neri C patients (P &lt; 0.001). Thirty-day mortality was 42% with 21 (49%) Neri −, 12 (28%) Neri A, 30 (41%) Neri B and 19 (54%) Neri C patients (P = 0.087). Bailout revascularization was primarily performed in 11 Neri B patients (69%; P = 0.001) and associated with a higher 30-day mortality of 81% compared to 48% for planned revascularization (P = 0.042).

CONCLUSIONS
Postoperative outcomes in case of coronary malperfusion are poor, irrespective of the anatomic dissection pattern. The decision for concomitant bypass surgery is crucial but may be considered in Neri C patients combined with aortic root replacement. Bailout revascularization was most common in Neri B and showed dismal outcome.