bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of Diazepam, Temazepam and Oxazepam at the Lead Film Electrode by Adsorptive Cathodic Stripping Voltammetry
Authors: Tyszczuk Katarzyna 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe determination of psychoactive 1,4‐benzodiazepine drugs is of relevant interest in clinical, biomedical areas. Therefore a highly sensitive and simple voltammetric method for the determination of temazepam, diazepam and oxazepam at an in situ plated lead film electrode was developed. The method was successfully applied to the determination of diazepam and temazepam in pharmaceutical formulations with minimum sample manipulation and oxazepam in human urine samples without any separation steps. The determinations of oxazepam in human urine samples were performed in a flow system. Therefore a previous extraction procedure was not necessary to separate the active compound before its determination.
Mutations for the people
Authors: Kristensen Vessela , Borresen‐Dale Anne‐Lise 
Published: May 2010

AbstractSimilar cancer types may nevertheless differ widely in the genetic mutations they carry. In this Closeup, Kristensen and Borresen‐Dale discuss how identifying these mutations can define which therapy is most likely to succeed in eliminating the cancerous cells and how the methodology developed by Dias‐Santagata et al and described in this issue, is an important step in making mutation screening a reality in the clinical practice worldwide.See related article by Dias‐Santagata D et al DOI 10.1002/emmm.201000070
Continuous sequential infusion of fludarabine and cytarabine for elderly patients with acute myeloid leukaemia secondary to a previously diagnosed myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: Ferrara Felicetto , Palmieri Salvatore , Izzo Tiziana , Criscuolo Clelia , Riccardi Cira 
Published: May 2010

AbstractAcute myeloid leukaemia (AML) secondary to myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is characterized by poor prognosis, namely in older patients. The combination of fludarabine (F) with cytarabine (ARA‐C) ± G‐CSF was proven as effective in patients with poor risk AML. The efficacy and toxicity of a regimen including F + ARA‐C as sequential continuous infusion (CI‐FLA) in 64 untreated patients aged >60 years, in which AML arose after a previous MDS, was investigated. Median age was 67 years (61–81). In patients achieving CR, an additional course, followed by G‐CSF to mobilize CD34+ cells and subsequent autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) were programmed. Overall, 43 patients (67%) achieved complete remission (CR). There were 10 induction deaths (16%), while 11 patients (17%) were refractory to induction treatment. Thirty‐four patients (79% of remitters) were eligible for the consolidation and 30 were monitorized for the mobilization of CD34+ cells, collection being successful in 20 of them (67%). Median number of CD34+ cells/kg collected was 6.8 × 10E6. Thirteen patients (20% of the whole population) received ASCT. Median disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were 10 and 9 months, respectively. Survival at 5 years is projected to 15%. The only parameter significantly related to either DFS duration or OS duration was unfavourable cytogenetics, which did significantly influence also CR achievement. CI‐FLA is effective in elderly patients with AML secondary to previously diagnosed MDS. Best results are achievable in the subgroup of patients with diploid karyotype. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Resistance of Fusarium sp spores to solar TiO2 photocatalysis: influence of spore type and water (scaling‐up results)
Authors: Polo‐López M I , Fernández‐Ibáñez P , García‐Fernández I , Oller I , Salgado‐Tránsito I , Sichel C 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND: Common irrigation water disinfection methods, which may be unable to inactivate all types of pathogens or even become phytotoxic themselves, are not very effective in controlling phytopathogens. Water disinfection by photocatalysis is a promising irrigation‐water treatment for destroying phytopathogens without the drawbacks of conventional disinfection methods. Previous research has shown that solar photocatalytic technology can be used in the disinfection treatment of bacteria, protozoa and fungi, either through solar disinfection only. The purpose of this work was evaluate the TiO2 photocatalysis process to inactivate Fusarium spores in distilled and well water.RESULTS: This paper reports on the ability of solar photocatalysis to inactivate Fusarium spores in a solar bottle reactor and in a new 60 L compound parabolic collector (CPC) prototype reactor. Inactivation of Fusarium sp spores by titanium dioxide (Degussa P25) was evaluated in distilled and natural well water. The experiments were carried out using 5 or 6 h exposure to natural sunlight at the Plataforma Solar de Almeria (Southeast Spain). The highest Fusarium spore inactivation rate during experiments was achieved with a 30 L min−1 flow rate and 100 mg L−1 TiO2 concentration. Three different Fusarium spores (microconidia, macroconidia and chlamydospores) were individually evaluated to determine whether there were differences in resistance to the photocatalytic treatment. The results showed that chlamydospores were the most resistant, followed by macroconidia, and finally microconidia were the most sensitive.CONCLUSIONS: Microconidia, macroconidia and chlamydospores in distilled and well water were inactivated with TiO2 slurry in a 60 L CPC photoreactor, demonstrating for the first time that it is possible to scale‐up photocatalytic treatment for use and reuse of water for irrigation. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Limestone dissolution in flue gas desulfurization—experimental and numerical study
Authors: Guelli U. Souza Selene M. A. , Santos Fabiane B. F. , Ulson de Souza Antonio Augusto , Vidal Barrero Fernando 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND: Wet FGD technologies account for around 87% of such systems worldwide, particularly those that use limestone as the absorbent. This technique is widely used in large thermal power stations. Limestone reactivity is one of the parameters that most influence the yield of the FGD process. With the aim of improving the design and operation of desulfurization units, many studies have been carried out to investigate the rate of limestone dissolution.RESULTS: In this study, experimental equipment was set up to evaluate the limestone reactivity. In addition, a model to simulate the dissolution of limestone particles was developed. The proposed model considers the particle size distribution and composition, along with the pH of the liquid matrix where dissolution occurs. The average relative error between the experimental and numerically calculated results is 5%, after 10 min of experiment.CONCLUSION: A model based on film theory predicts with precision limestone dissolution as a function of the particle size distribution, chemical and physical composition of the limestone, pH and the solution composition. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
An efficient one‐pot three‐component synthesis of 4‐phenyl hexahydro‐1H‐pyrano[2,3‐d]pyrimidin‐2(8aH)‐one derivatives
Authors: Vuppalapati Srinivasu V. N. , Bantu Lingaiah Rajashekar , Kantevari Srinivas 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
magnified imageAn efficient method for the synthesis of a series of 4‐phenylhexahydro‐1H‐pyrano[2,3‐d]pyrimidin‐2(8aH)‐one derivatives via the one‐pot three‐component reaction of aromatic aldehydes, urea or thiourea and 3,4‐dihydro‐2H‐pyran in DMF/CH3CN using p‐TSA catalyst is described. Although three chiral centers are created, only one diastereomer is formed in a highly selective way. This method has several advantages such as higher yield, lower cost, and shorter reaction times. J. Heterocyclic Chem. (2010)
NbCl5 as an efficient catalyst for rapid synthesis of quinoxaline derivatives
Authors: Hou Jun‐Tao , Liu Yong‐Hui , Zhang Zhan‐Hui 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
magnified imageA series of quinoxaline derivatives have been synthesized in excellent yields by the condensation of 1,2‐diketones and 1,2‐phenylenediamines in the presence of a catalytic amount of NbCl5 at room temperature in short times. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2010).
δ‐Catenin/NPRAP: A new member of the glycogen synthase kinase‐3β signaling complex that promotes β‐catenin turnover in neurons
Authors: Bareiss Sonja , Kim Kwonseop , Lu Qun 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThrough a multiprotein complex, glycogen synthase kinase‐3β (GSK‐3β) phosphorylates and destabilizes β‐catenin, an important signaling event for neuronal growth and proper synaptic function. δ‐Catenin, or NPRAP (CTNND2), is a neural enriched member of the β‐catenin superfamily and is also known to modulate neurite outgrowth and synaptic activity. In this study, we investigated the possibility that δ‐catenin expression is also affected by GSK‐3β signaling and participates in the molecular complex regulating β‐catenin turnover in neurons. Immunofluorescent light microscopy revealed colocalization of δ‐catenin with members of the molecular destruction complex: GSK‐3β, β‐catenin, and adenomatous polyposis coli proteins in rat primary neurons. GSK‐3β formed a complex with δ‐catenin, and its inhibition resulted in increased δ‐catenin and β‐catenin expression levels. LY294002 and amyloid peptide, known activators of GSK‐3β signaling, reduced δ‐catenin expression levels. Furthermore, δ‐catenin immunoreactivity increased and protein turnover decreased when neurons were treated with proteasome inhibitors, suggesting that the stability of δ‐catenin, like that of β‐catenin, is regulated by proteasome‐mediated degradation. Coimmunoprecipitation experiments showed that δ‐catenin overexpression promoted GSK‐3β and β‐catenin interactions. Primary cortical neurons and PC12 cells expressing δ‐catenin treated with proteasome inhibitors showed increased ubiquitinated β‐catenin forms. Consistent with the hypothesis that δ‐catenin promotes the interaction of the destruction complex molecules, cycloheximide treatment of cells overexpressing δ‐catenin showed enhanced β‐catenin turnover. These studies identify δ‐catenin as a new member of the GSK‐3β signaling pathway and further suggest that δ‐catenin is potentially involved in facilitating the interaction, ubiquitination, and subsequent turnover of β‐catenin in neuronal cells. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Potential roles of D‐serine and serine racemase in experimental temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Ryu H.J. , Kim J.‐E. , Yeo S.‐I. , Kim D.‐S. , Kwon O.‐S. , Choi S.Y. , Kang T.‐C. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractTo confirm the roles of D‐serinergic gliotransmission in epilepsy, we investigated the relationship between spatiotemporally specific glial responses and the D‐serine/serine racemase system in mesial temporal structures following status epilepticus (SE). In control animals, D‐serine and serine racemase immunoreactivities were detected mainly in astrocytes. After SE, D‐serine and serine racemase immunoreactivities were increased in astrocytes. Double‐immunofluorescence study revealed that up‐regulation of serine racemase immunoreactivity was relevant not to D‐serine immunoreactivity but to nestin or vimentin immunoreactivity. Neither D‐serine nor serine racemase was found in naïve or reactive microglia. In addition, phosphorylated N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunit 1 (pNR1‐Ser896) immunoreactivity in the hippocampus was increased compared with controls. Increased D‐serine immunoreactivity showed direct correlation with the phosphorylation of Ser896 of NR1. Given the findings of our previous study, these findings suggest that D‐serine and serine racemase in astrocytes may play roles in neuronal hyperexcitability via a cooperative activation of NMDA receptors. Furthermore, serine racemase may be involved in migration and differentiation of immature astrocytes, which is relevant to reactive astrogliosis. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Long‐Chain Branches in Syndiotactic Polypropene Induced by Vinyl Chloride
Authors: Stadler Florian J. , Arikan Burçak , Kaschta Joachim , Kaminsky Walter 
Published: May 2010

AbstractSyndiotactic polypropene was synthesized using a metallocene catalyst system and traces of VC. The use of VC was found to decrease the molar mass $\overline M _{\rm w} $ of the samples distinctly and linearly, while retaining the molar mass distribution, the crystallinity, and the syndiotacticity. The VC, however, initiates the formation of long‐chain branches, which were detected by GPC‐MALLS and rheology. Besides their effect on the viscosity and modulus functions, a thermorheologic complexity can be observed. Also the flow activation energy Ea was found to be increased. The modified samples did not obey the $\eta _0 /\overline M _{\rm w} $ relation for linear sPP, indicating the presence of LCBs.magnified image
Folate‐Conjugated Polymer Micelles with pH‐Triggered Drug Release Properties
Authors: Zhao Haizheng , Duong Hoang Hanh Phuoc , Yung Lin Yue Lanry 
Published: May 2010

AbstractFolate has been applied as a targeting moiety for various anticancer drug‐delivery agents to avoid non‐specific attack of normal tissues as well as to increase cellular uptake at the target tumor cells. Polymer micelles made of poly[(D,L‐lactide)‐co‐glycolide)]‐poly(ethylene glycol)‐folate (PLGA‐PEG‐FOL) was fabricated as a tumor targeting carrier for encapsulating the anticancer drug doxorubicin. To accelerate the drug release in the endosome after folate‐mediated cellular uptake, pH‐sensitive poly(β‐amino ester)‐PEG‐FOL (PAE‐PEG‐FOL) was added together with PLGA‐PEG‐FOL to form mixed micelles. The results showed that the drug release can be triggered at different pH due to the ionization of PAE. The IC50 of PLGA‐PEG‐FOL micelles is 0.46 × 10−6 M. With 20% PAE in the mixed micelles (20:80 mixed micelles), the IC50 decreases to 0.34 × 10−6 M, which is comparable to that of pure PAE‐PEG‐FOL micelles at pH 7.4. As a result of the pH sensitivity, the PAE‐PEG‐FOL micelles are not stable at pH 6.5 or lower, and the drug may be released from the micelles into the extracellular environment before uptake by the cells. The 20:80 mixed micelles are relatively stable at this condition. As a result, the micelles retain more drug in the micelles for a higher degree of cellular uptake by folate receptor‐mediated endocytosis, and exhibit higher cytotoxicity.magnified image
Characterization of lupin major allergens (Lupinus albus L.)
Authors: Guillamón Eva , Rodríguez Julia , Burbano Carmen , Muzquiz Mercedes , Pedrosa Mercedes M. , Cabanillas Beatriz , Crespo Jesús F. , Sancho Ana I. , Mills E. N. Clare , Cuadrado Carmen 
Published: May 2010

AbstractWhite lupin is considered to be a rich source of protein with a notable content of lysine and is being increasingly used in bakery, confectionery, snacks and pastry products due to its multifunctional properties, in addition to its potential hypocholesterolemic and hypoglycemic properties. However, lupin seed flour has been reported as a causative agent of allergic reactions, especially in patients with allergy to peanut since the risk of immunological cross‐reactivity between lupin and peanut is higher than with other legumes. Previously, we had identified two proteins as major lupin allergens (34.5 and 20 kDa) as determined by IgE immunoblotting using sera of 23 patients with lupin‐specific IgE. The aim of this study was to purify and characterize the two major lupin allergens. The results using in vitro IgE‐binding studies and MS analysis have shown that the 34.5 kDa allergen (Lup‐1) is a conglutin β (vicilin‐like protein) while the 20 kDa allergen (Lup‐2) corresponds to the conglutin α fraction (legumin‐like protein). The high level of amino acid sequence homology of Lup‐1 and Lup‐2 with the major allergens of some legumes explains the IgE cross‐reactivity and clinical cross‐reactivity of lupin and other legumes.
Tea polyphenols inhibit IL‐6 production in tumor necrosis factor superfamily 14‐stimulated human gingival fibroblasts
Authors: Hosokawa Yoshitaka , Hosokawa Ikuko , Ozaki Kazumi , Nakanishi Tadashi , Nakae Hideaki , Matsuo Takashi 
Published: May 2010

AbstractIL‐6 is well recognized to be a potent bone resorptive agent and thus in the development of periodontal disease. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and epicatechin gallate (ECG), the major catechins in green tea, and theaflavin‐3,3′‐digallate (TFDG), polyphenol in black tea, have multiple beneficial effects, but the effects of catechins and theaflavins on IL‐6 production in human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) are not known. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms by which EGCG, ECG, and TFDG inhibit tumor necrosis factor superfamily 14 (TNFSF14)‐induced IL‐6 production in HGFs. We detected TNFSF14 mRNA expression in human diseased periodontal tissues. TNFSF14 increased IL‐6 production in HGFs in a concentration‐dependent manner. EGCG, ECG, and TFDG prevented TNFSF14‐mediated IL‐6 production in HGFs. EGCG, ECG, and TFDG prevented TNFSF14‐induced extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK), c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK), and nuclear factor‐κB activation in HGFs. Inhibitors of ERK, JNK, and nuclear factor‐κB decreased TNFSF14‐induced IL‐6 production. In addition, EGCG, ECG, and TFDG attenuated TNFSF14 receptor expression on HGFs. These data provide a novel mechanism through which the green tea and black tea polyphenols could be used to provide direct benefits in periodontal disease.
Synthesis of HIPS using an A2B2 Star‐Type Graft Copolymer (PB‐g‐PS)
Authors: de Anda Carlos , Morales Graciela , Acuña Pablo , Sosa Jose , Knoeppel Dave , Mays Jimmy 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe properties of HIPS are largely related to the morphology of the disperse rubber particles developed during polymerization. Since the graft copolymer PB‐g‐PS formed in situ has the role of a compatibilizer between the disperse rubber particles and the continuous PS phase, through the control of the molecular characteristics of the grafting species, the rubber particles' morphology and distribution can be controlled. Several HIPS were synthesized by radical polymerization using a mixture of polybutadiene and model graft copolymers, PB‐g‐PS, and the final materials were characterized physicochemically and morphologically. Different ratios of PB/graft copolymer were used in order to study the effects on the molecular characteristics and morphology of the HIPS obtained.magnified image
Rapid B1+ mapping using a preconditioning RF pulse with TurboFLASH readout
Authors: Chung Sohae , Kim Daniel , Breton Elodie , Axel Leon 
Published: May 2010

AbstractIn MRI, the transmit radiofrequency field (B) inhomogeneity can lead to signal intensity variations and quantitative measurement errors. By independently mapping the local B variation, the radiofrequency‐related signal variations can be corrected for. In this study, we present a new fast B mapping method using a slice‐selective preconditioning radiofrequency pulse. Immediately after applying a slice‐selective preconditioning pulse, a turbo fast low‐angle‐shot imaging sequence with centric k‐space reordering is performed to capture the residual longitudinal magnetization left behind by the slice‐selective preconditioning pulse due to B variation. Compared to the reference double‐angle method, this method is considerably faster. Specifically, the total scan time for the double‐angle method is equal to the product of 2 (number of images), the number of phase‐encoding lines, and approximately 5T1, whereas the slice‐selective preconditioning method takes approximately 5T1. This method was validated in vitro and in vivo with a 3‐T whole‐body MRI system. The combined brain and pelvis B measurements showed excellent agreement and strong correlation with those by the double‐angle method (mean difference = 0.025; upper and lower 95% limits of agreement were −0.07 and 0.12; R = 0.93; P < 0.001). This fast B mapping method can be used for a variety of applications, including body imaging where fast imaging is desirable. Magn Reson Med, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Health‐related quality of life in children with sickle cell disease: A report from the Comprehensive Sickle Cell Centers Clinical Trial Consortium
Authors: Dampier Carlton , Lieff Susan , LeBeau Petra , Rhee Seungshin , McMurray Marsha , Rogers Zora , Smith‐Whitley Kim , Wang Winfred 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBackgroundPediatric health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) questionnaires have been validated in children with sickle cell disease (SCD), but small sample sizes in these studies have limited clinical comparisons. We used the baseline clinical data from the Collaborative Data (C‐Data) Project of the Comprehensive Sickle Cell Centers (CSCC) Clinical Trial Consortium to perform a detailed, descriptive study of HRQOL using the PedsQL™ version 4.0 generic core and fatigue scales.MethodsRetrospective clinical data were obtained via medical record abstraction. Staff‐administered health history, psychosocial, and health behavior interviews were completed by a parent or guardian. PedsQL™ forms were completed separately by the child and a parent/guardian.ResultsThe study enrolled 1,772 subjects (53% boys) with a mean age of 9.6 years (SD 4.7). SS or Sβ0 thalassemia occurred in 68% and 32% had SC or Sβ+ thalassemia. The occurrences of pain, priapism, avascular necrosis of hips/shoulders (AVN), or asthma were the most common complications/conditions reported. Multiple regression models controlling for hemoglobinopathies, gender, and age suggested that parent reports of physical functioning and sleep/rest fatigue declined in response to pain or AVN, while school functioning scales declined in response to pain or asthma. Sickle pain, and to a lesser extent asthma, negatively influenced child reports on almost all functioning and fatigue scales.ConclusionsWhile longitudinal studies will be necessary to determine sensitivity to change, the current study suggests the potential utility of several PedsQL™ HRQOL scales as patient‐reported outcome measures for observational or interventional treatment studies of children and adolescents with SCD. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2010;55:485–494. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synchronous occurrence of metastatic Wilms tumor and ganglioneuroma
Authors: Moran Cassandra , Greiner Robert J. , Mardam‐Bey Sami W. , Hollingsworth Caroline L. , Kulbacki Evan , Wechsler Daniel S. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractWe describe a 4‐year‐old female patient with a persistent paraspinal mass following chemotherapy for Wilms tumor. A discordant response to chemotherapy prompted biopsy of the persistent mass, which revealed a ganglioneuroma. This report highlights the synchronous occurrence of different tumors in the same patient, and suggests that repeat biopsies should be considered when contiguous tumor masses do not respond as expected. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2010;55:562–565. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.