bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pour une « écoute informée » de la musique contemporaine : quelques travaux récents
Authors: Donin Nicolas 
Published: June 2012

L’une des raisons de l’actuelle difficulté d’accès à la musique contemporaine pour un large public est la quasi inexistence d’outils d’écoute contemporains, permettant une écoute dite « active » et non pas une simple consommation passive. L’auteur fait le bilan de l’un des projets allant dans cette direction, réalisé par l’équipe de recherche « Analyse des pratiques musicales » dont il est responsable à l’Ircam. Une étude approfondie, reliant analyse musicale et anthropologie cognitive, sur l’oeuvre Voi(rex) de Philippe Leroux aboutit à un DVD-Rom interactif comportant des documents hypermédia articulant esquisses, fichiers sonores, entrevues, animations, extraits de partitions, etc., et qui pose de différentes manières la question de la transmissibilité de l’écoute de son oeuvre par le compositeur. Ces « guides d’écoute contemporains », en proposant des resynthèses plus ou moins fines du travail compositionnel, ont pour vocation d’« informer » leurs lecteurs-auditeurs, c’est-à-dire à la fois de leur fournir des informations précises et d’in-former leur écoute.
Le projet SemanticHIFI : manipulation par le contenu d’enregistrements musicaux
Authors: Vinet Hugues 
Published: June 2012

Le projet européen SemanticHIFI vise la préfiguration des chaînes hi-fi de demain, proposant aux mélomanes des fonctions inédites de gestion et de manipulation par le contenu des enregistrements musicaux. Les limites des équipements existants sont liées à celles des formats de diffusion de la musique qui, se présentant depuis plusieurs décennies sous la forme de signaux d’enregistrements stéréophoniques, n’autorisent que des modes de manipulation élémentaires. L’extension des supports d’information musicale à des représentations plus riches, issues soit directement de processus de production renouvelés ou d’outils d’indexation personnalisés, rend possible la réalisation de fonctions innovantes : classification personnalisée, navigation par le contenu, spatialisation sonore, composition, partage sur les réseaux préservant les droits liés aux oeuvres, etc. Ces fonctions sont le résultat d’activités de recherche menées dans le cadre du projet et se situant à la pointe de plusieurs disciplines : analyse et traitement des signaux audionumériques, ingénierie des connaissances musicales, interfaces homme-machine, architectures de réseaux distribuées. Le projet prévoit également une phase d’intégration, visant la réalisation de prototypes d’application, permettant de valider l’ensemble de ces fonctions dans un environnement technique unifié et compatible avec les contraintes du marché de l’électronique grand public. L’auteur propose une vue d’ensemble du projet, dont il assure la direction.
Bioorthogonal Chemical Reporters for Analyzing Protein Sulfenylation in Cells
Authors: Truong Thu H. , Carroll Kate S. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractProtein sulfenylation (RSOH), the redox‐based modification of cysteine thiol side chains by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), is an important mechanism in signal transduction. Likewise, dysregulated protein sulfenylation contributes to a range of human pathologies, including cancer. Efforts to elucidate the diverse roles of protein sulfenylation in physiology and disease have been hampered by the lack of techniques to probe these modifications in native environments. To address this problem, selective chemical reporters have been developed for the detection and identification of sulfenylated proteins directly in cells. In the approach described here, a cyclic β‐diketone warhead is functionalized with an azide or alkyne chemical handle. An orthogonally functionalized biotin or fluorescent reporter is then appended to the probe post‐homogenization via click chemistry for downstream analysis. These bi‐functional probes are exquisitely selective for protein sulfenyl modifications, non‐toxic, and do not perturb intracellular redox balance. These reagents have been utilized to investigate sulfenylation in vitro and to identify intracellular protein targets of H2O2 during cell signaling. These methods provide a facile way to detect protein sulfenic acids and to study the biological role of cysteine oxidation with regard to physiological and pathological events. Curr. Protoc. Chem. Biol. 4:101‐122 © 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
High Temperature Applications of SiSiC Cellular Ceramics
Authors: Gianella Sandro , Gaia Daniele , Ortona Alberto 
Published: June 2012

AbstractSilicon infiltrated Silicon carbide ceramics are commonly employed because of their excellent chemical, oxidation, and thermal shock resistance. SiSiC cellular ceramics with porosity >80% and pore size from 40 to 10 PPI are exploited industrially in applications with high thermal loads, high temperatures, and harsh environments, including porous burners, catalyst supports, heat exchangers, structural ceramic sandwiches, concentrated solar radiation absorbers, and electric heaters. This work attempts to present the components in which SiSiC foams are currently applied because of their superior thermo‐mechanical properties.
Category Theory Based Solution for the Building Block Replacement Problem in Materials Design
Authors: Giesa Tristan , Spivak David I. , Buehler Markus J. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAn important objective in materials design is to develop a systematic methodology for replacing unavailable or expensive material building blocks by simpler and abundant ones, while maintaining or improving the functionality of the material. The mathematical field of category theory provides a formal specification language which lies at the heart of such a methodology. In this paper, we apply material ologs, category‐theoretic descriptions of hierarchical materials, to rigorously define a process by which material building blocks can be replaced by others while maintaining large‐scale properties, to the extent possible. We demonstrate the implementation of this approach by using algebraic techniques to predict concrete conditions needed for building block replacement. As an example, we specify structure–function relationships in two systems: a laminated composite and a structure–function analogue, a fruit salad. In both systems we illustrate how ologs provide us with a mathematical tool that allows us to replace one building block with others to achieve approximately the same functionality, and how to use them to model and design seemingly distinct physical systems with a consistent mathematical framework.
Crystalline Organic Heterostructures Engineering Based on Vanadyl Phthalocyanine and Rod‐Like Conjugated Organic Semiconductors with Selected Central Groups
Authors: Huang Lizhen , Zhu Feng , Liu Chengfang , Treske Uwe , Grobosch Mandy , Tian Hongkun , Zhang Jidong , Geng Yanhou , Knupfer Martin , Yan Donghang 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe effect of groups in conjugated molecules on films’ interface morphology, electronic structure, and charge transport behavior is explored utilizing a series of crystalline organic heterostructures that are constructed by four rod‐like molecules and vanadyl phthalocyanine (VOPc). The four rod‐like molecules, which possess the same biphenyl endgroup but different central groups, present similar growth behavior along with different thin film structural parameters and electronic structures. The changes of the structure parameters result in diverse morphology of the VOPc/rod‐like molecule heterostructure because of the different lattice mismatch. The electronic structure differences in rod‐like molecules cause different interface electronic structure of the heterostructure. Under the conjunct effect of morphology and interface electronic structure, the transistors based on the crystalline heterostructures present diverse charge transport behavior and field‐effect mobilities. These results provide a clue for the development of crystalline organic heterostructure engineering and tailoring overall organic device performance through molecular design in local inducing layer.
Triplet–Triplet Annihilation‐Based Anti‐Stokes Oxygen Sensing Materials with a Very Broad Dynamic Range
Authors: Borisov Sergey M. , Larndorfer Christoph , Klimant Ingo 
Published: June 2012

AbstractA novel concept for designing optical oxygen sensing materials is reported. Oxygen‐sensitive anti‐Stokes emission is generated via triplet–triplet annihilation‐based upconversion and serves as an analytical parameter. Porous glass beads are used to incorporate the “sensing chemistry” including a sensitizer and an annihilator dissolved in a high boiling solvent. The beads are dispersed in silicone rubber or Teflon AF to produce solid state optodes. Inexpensive low power light sources (LEDs) are used for the excitation. The upconverted emission shows unmatched sensitivity both for the luminescence decay time and for the luminescence intensity. The latter features unusual quadratic Stern‐Volmer plots. Much lower sensitivity of the residual NIR luminescence of the sensitizer allows determination of pO2 in the broad dynamic range from trace oxygen quantities to ≈40 kPa. Interrogation of the sensors in frequency domain is demonstrated. Influence of the excitation light power on the calibration, temperature effects, dynamic response to altering pO2, and photostability of the sensing materials are also investigated.
Spongy Graphene as a Highly Efficient and Recyclable Sorbent for Oils and Organic Solvents
Authors: Bi Hengchang , Xie Xiao , Yin Kuibo , Zhou Yilong , Wan Shu , He Longbing , Xu Feng , Banhart Florian , Sun Litao , Ruoff Rodney S. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractIn this work, spongy graphene (SG), a shape‐mouldable and nanoporous material with a high specific surface area used as a versatile and recyclable sorbent material, is proposed and studied. SG shows highly efficient absorption of not only petroleum products and fats, but also toxic solvents such as toluene and chloroform (up to 86 times of its own weight), requiring no further pretreatment, which is tens of times higher than that of conventional absorbers. Moreover, SG can be regenerated (>10 times) by heat treatment, yielding the full release of adsorbates (>99%). The present work suggests SG a widespread potential for applications in industry as well as topics regarding environmental protection.
Integration of Self‐Assembled Microvascular Networks with Microfabricated PEG‐Based Hydrogels
Authors: Cuchiara Michael P. , Gould Daniel J. , McHale Melissa K. , Dickinson Mary E. , West Jennifer L. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractDespite tremendous efforts, tissue engineered constructs are restricted to thin, simple tissues sustained only by diffusion. The most significant barrier in tissue engineering is insufficient vascularization to deliver nutrients and metabolites during development in vitro and to facilitate rapid vascular integration in vivo. Tissue engineered constructs can be greatly improved by developing perfusable microvascular networks in vitro in order to provide transport that mimics native vascular organization and function. Here a microfluidic hydrogel is integrated with a self‐assembling pro‐vasculogenic co‐culture in a strategy to perfuse microvascular networks in vitro. This approach allows for control over microvascular network self‐assembly and employs an anastomotic interface for integration of self‐assembled microvascular networks with fabricated microchannels. As a result, transport within the system shifts from simple diffusion to vessel supported convective transport and extra‐vessel diffusion, thus improving overall mass transport properties. This work impacts the development of perfusable prevascularized tissues in vitro and ultimately tissue engineering applications in vivo.
Amino Acid Derivatized Arylenediimides: A Versatile Modular Approach for Functional Molecular Materials
Authors: Avinash M. B. , Govindaraju T. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractNature's elegant molecular designs and their assemblies with specific structure‐property correlations have inspired researchers to design and develop bio‐mimics for advanced functional applications. To realize such advanced molecular materials, naturally evolved amino acids are arguably the ideal auxiliaries due to their remarkable molecular/chiral recognition and distinctive sequence specific self‐assembling properties. Over the years, this modular approach of derivatizing naphthalenediimides (NDIs) and perylenediimides (PDIs) with amino acids and peptides have resulted in several hitherto unknown molecular assemblies with phenomenal impact on their performance. Derivatization with versatile arylenediimides is especially interesting due to their wide spread applications in fields ranging from biomedicine to electronics. Herein some of these seminal reports of this rapidly emerging field and the design principles embraced are discussed.
Mucus Penetrating Nanoparticles: Biophysical Tool and Method of Drug and Gene Delivery
Authors: Ensign Laura M. , Schneider Craig , Suk Jung Soo , Cone Richard , Hanes Justin 
Published: June 2012

AbstractA method that could provide more uniform and longer‐lasting drug and gene delivery to mucosal surfaces holds the potential to greatly improve the effectiveness of prophylactic and therapeutic approaches for numerous diseases and conditions, including sexually transmitted infections, cystic fibrosis, chronic rhinosinusitis, inflammatory bowel disease, and glaucoma to name a few. However, the body's natural defenses, including adhesive, rapidly cleared mucus linings coating nearly all entry points to the body not covered by skin, has limited the effectiveness of drug and gene delivery by nanoscale delivery systems. This article discusses the recent development of the “mucus‐ penetrating particle” or “MPP” nanotechnology, and how it has been used to both enhance understanding of the nanoscale barrier properties of human mucus secretions, and to achieve more uniform and longer‐lasting drug delivery to mucosal tissues following topical administration. Drug loaded MPPs possess non‐adhesive coatings that allow them to rapidly penetrate mucus layers through openings in the mucus mesh at rates nearly as fast as they would penetrate pure water. Critically, MPPs allow enhanced drug and gene delivery to mucosal tissues without diminishing the protective function of mucus. Recent progress in the development of MPPs as a biophysical tool to probe the length‐scale dependent rheological properties of mucosal secretions and as a method for drug and gene delivery is highlighted.
Are invasive and native trout functionally equivalent predators? Results and lessons from a field experiment
Authors: Lepori Fabio , Benjamin Joseph R. , Fausch Kurt D. , Baxter Colden V. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACT

Non‐native brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) have replaced native cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii) in streams across the western USA. Brook trout have been assumed to be functionally equivalent to cutthroat trout, which could argue against extensive control of this species by government agencies. This assumption was assessed by comparing the diets of the two trout species and their effects on benthic invertebrates in a large‐scale field experiment.
Within a Rocky Mountain stream where brook trout had already become established, trout species and density were manipulated in 20 fenced sections to create four treatments: cutthroat trout at a density natural for un‐invaded streams, brook trout at two densities, natural for invaded streams or reduced to match the natural density of cutthroat trout, and areas depleted of most trout.
By the end of the experiment, populations of brook trout at natural density consumed seven times more benthic invertebrates than cutthroat trout. Brook trout also consumed more Apatania caddisflies and Heterlimnius riffle beetles per capita than cutthroat trout. However, the greater consumption did not cause detectable reductions in benthic invertebrate densities.
A large-scale experiment of trout removal like this may be inherently limited in its ability to detect effects on benthic invertebrate densities. However, this and several companion studies indicate that stream ecosystems would not function in the same way if cutthroat trout are replaced by brook trout. Sustaining these functions, as well as biodiversity and socioeconomic values, are important reasons to conserve native cutthroat trout. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Star‐Shaped Trinuclear Cyclometalated Platinum(II) Complexes as Single‐Component Emitters in White‐Emitting PLEDs
Authors: Shi Danyan , Wang Yafei , Liu Yu , Zhang Zhiyong , Luo Jian , He Juan , Chen Qing , Lei Gangtie , Zhu Weiguo 
Published: June 2012

AbstractTwo star‐shaped phosphorescent small molecules, Ph‐3FPt(pic) and 4Ph‐3FPt(pic), are single‐component emitters in polymer white‐light‐emitting diodes (WPLEDs) that are comprised of three blue–light‐emitting phosphorescent chromophores of FPt(pic) and are attached to benzene‐1,3,5‐trioxy‐ and 1,3,5‐tri(4‐oxyphenyl)benzene cores through a hexyloxy chain, respectively. Compared to their corresponding mono‐ or dinuclear platinum complexes, this class of star‐shaped homotrinuclear cyclometalated platinum(II) complexes exhibited controllable excimer emission. Stable white/near‐white emission was obtained in single‐emissive‐layer PLEDs by using the Ph‐3FPt(pic) or 4Ph‐3FPt(pic) as a single dopant and a blend of poly(vinylcarbazole) and 2‐(4‐biphenyl)‐5‐(4‐tert‐butyl‐phenyl)‐1,3,4‐oxadiazole as a host matrix at dopant concentrations of 1–4 wt. %. Our results provide an efficient way to control excimer formation and to obtain a single‐component emitter for use in WPLEDs.
Simultaneous determination of methocarbamol and aspirin by RP‐HPLC using fluorescence detection with time programming: its application to pharmaceutical dosage form
Authors: El‐Din M Sharaf , Eid M , Zeid AM 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTA new simple, rapid and sensitive reversed‐phase liquid chromatographic method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of methocarbamol (MET) and aspirin (ASP) in their combined dosage form. The separation of these compounds was achieved within 6.0 min on a CLC Shim‐pack C8 column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 µm particle size) using isocratic mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and 0.02 M dihydrogenphosphate buffer (30:70, v/v) at pH = 5.0. The analysis was performed at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min with fluorescence detection at 277/313 nm for MET and 298/410 nm for ASP using real‐time programming. The selectivity, linearity of calibration, accuracy, inter‐ and intra‐day precision and recovery were examined as parts of the method validation. The concentration–response relationship was linear over concentration ranges of 0.02‐0.20 and 0.02‐0.40 µg/mL for MET and ASP, respectively, with a limit of detection of 6 and 32 ng/mL for MET and ASP, respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied for the analysis of both MET and ASP in prepared tablets with average recoveries of 99.88 ± 0.65% for MET and 100.44 ± 0.78% for ASP. The results were favourably compared to those obtained by a reference method. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development of a dual‐label time‐resolved fluoroimmunoassay for the detection of α‐fetoprotein and hepatitis B virus surface antigen
Authors: Lin Guan‐Feng , Liu Tian‐Cai , Zou Li‐Ping , Hou Jing‐Yuan , Wu Ying‐Song 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTTime‐resolved fluorometry of lanthanide chelates is one of the most useful non‐isotopic detection techniques and has been used in numerous applications in biomedical science. We developed a time‐resolved fluoroimmunoassay (TRFIA) to quantify α‐fetoprotein (AFP) and hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) in human serum. Based on a two‐site sandwich protocol, monoclonal antibodies (McAbs) against AFP and HBsAg were co‐coated in 96 microtitration wells and tracer McAbs against HBsAg and AFP were labeled with europium (Eu) and samarium (Sm) chelates, respectively. After application of diluted serum samples, Eu3+‐ and Sm3+‐McAbs were added and fluorescence signals of Sm3+ and Eu3+ tracers were collected. Detection limits of AFP and HBsAg were 0.09 mIU/L and 0.01 µg/L, respectively. Measurement ranges of AFP‐TRFIA and HBsAg‐TRFIA were 1–1000 mIU/L and 0.2‐150 µg/L, respectively. Intra‐ and inter‐assay coefficients of variation of AFP‐TRFIA were 3.3‐4.1% and 5.7‐7.2% and for HBsAg‐TRFIA were 2.9‐3.9% and 4.9‐6.8%, respectively. Linear correlation of TRFIA and chemiluminescence immunoassay measurements resulted in a correlation coefficient of 0.9949 for AFP and 0.9940 for HBsAg. For the endurance test, Eu‐labeled McAbs were stable for at least one year at −20°C and the results of the TRFIA with the same reagents were also reproducible after one year. The availability of a highly sensitive, reliable and convenient AFP/HBsAg TRFIA will allow the quantification of both AFP and HBsAg, thereby providing diagnostic value in various clinical conditions and could be applied for clinical use. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Internal standard strategies for relative and absolute quantitation of peptides in biological matrices by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Pailleux Floriane , Beaudry Francis 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTThe development of LC‐MS/MS instruments and related applications improved the large‐scale analyses of proteins and peptides in complex biological mixtures. The historical factor limiting these types of studies was the lack of sensitivity and reproducibility. However, the capacity of these analyses to detect proteins and peptides was significantly enhanced to a point where they are routinely performed in specialized laboratories in support to drug development programs as well as prognostic and diagnostic investigations. The analytical strategy used in peptidomic analyses needs to minimize the fluctuation in data measurements that might mask or reduce the precision of the determinations and consequently reduce the sensitivity of the assay. Inherently, it outlines the importance of careful standardization to reduce technical and instrumental variation. Therefore, this review will focus on the strengths and the limitations of the different experimental approaches used for the integration of internal standards in peptidomic studies. This review will examine a wide variety of methods, reagents, instrumentations and data analysis tools available to design peptidomic experiments. Moreover, this review will focus on the importance of precision and accuracy in order to adequately establish analysis threshold to detect peptide expression differences. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Highly Efficient D2 Generation by Dehydrogenation of Formic Acid in D2O through H+/D+ Exchange on an Iridium Catalyst: Application to the Synthesis of Deuterated Compounds by Transfer Deuterogenation
Authors: Wang Wan‐Hui , Hull Jonathan F. , Muckerman James T. , Fujita Etsuko , Hirose Takuji , Himeda Yuichiro 
Published: June 2012

AbstractDeuterated compounds have received increasing attention in both academia and industrial fields. However, preparations of these compounds are limited for both economic and practical reasons. Herein, convenient generation of deuterium gas (D2) and the preparation of deuterated compounds on a laboratory scale are demonstrated by using a half‐sandwich iridium complex with 4,4′‐dihydroxy‐2,2′‐bipyridine. The “umpolung” (i.e., reversal of polarity) of a hydrogen atom of water was achieved in consecutive reactions, that is, a cationic H+/D+ exchange reaction and anionic hydride or deuteride transfer, under mild conditions. Selective D2 evolution (purity up to 89 %) was achieved by using HCO2H as an electron source and D2O as a deuterium source; a rhodium analogue provided HD gas (98 %) under similar conditions. Furthermore, pressurized D2 (98 %) without CO gas was generated by using DCO2D in D2O in a glass autoclave. Transfer deuterogenation of ketones gave α‐deuterated alcohols with almost quantitative yields and high deuterium content by using HCO2H in D2O. Mechanistic studies show that the H+/D+ exchange reaction in the iridium hydride complex was much faster than β‐elimination and hydride (deuteride) transfer.