bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating the last deglaciation of the Scandinavian Ice Sheet in southwest Sweden with 10Be exposure dating
Authors: Larsen Nicolaj Krog , Linge Henriette , Håkansson Lena , Fabel Derek 
Published: October 2011

AbstractIn this study we have obtained 17 cosmogenic exposure ages from three well‐developed moraine systems – Halland Coastal Moraines (HCM), Göteborg Moraine (GM) and Levene Moraine (LM) – which were formed during the last deglaciation in southwest Sweden by the Scandinavian Ice Sheet (SIS). The inferred ages of the inner HCM, GM and LM are 16.7 ± 1.6, 16.1 ± 1.4 and 13.6 ± 1.4 ka, respectively, which is slightly older than previous estimates of the deglaciation based on the minimum limiting radiocarbon ages and pollen stratigraphy. During this short interval from 16.7 ± 1.6 to 13.6 ± 1.4 ka a large part (100–125 km) of the marine‐based sector of the SIS in southwest Sweden was deglaciated, giving an average ice margin retreat between 20 to 50 m a−1. The inception of the deglaciation pre‐dated the Bølling/Allerød warming, the rapid sea level rise at 14.6 cal. ka BP and the first inflow of warm Atlantic waters into Skagerrak. We suggest that ice retreat in southwest Sweden is mainly a dynamical response governed by the disintegration of the Norwegian Channel Ice Stream and not primarily driven by climatic changes. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Vitamin D3 regulation of body fat, cytokines, and calpain gene expression
Authors: Choi Hyuck , Myung Kyuho 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND: We conducted an in vivo experiment to determine whether vitamin D3 acts as a fat synthesizer and/or meat tenderizer in mice. At 6 weeks of age, 20 male C57BL/6 wild‐type mice were randomly divided into two groups (10 mice per group) and fed a modified AIN93G diet with (vitamin D3 diet) or without (basal diet) 10 IU 25‐OH‐cholecalciferol kg−3 for 3 weeks.RESULTS: When vitamin D3 was fed to mice for 3 weeks, body fat was significantly increased compared to mice fed a basal diet. There was, however, no difference in body weight between the two groups. Vitamin D3 increased the gene expressions of pro‐inflammatory cytokines and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma, but decreased interleukin‐15 in adipose tissue through nuclear vitamin D receptor and uncoupling protein‐2 signals. The muscle inducible nitrate oxide synthase content of mice fed vitamin D3 was higher than those fed a basal diet, while muscle arginase l showed a reverse phenomenon. longissimuss dorsi muscle of vitamin D3‐fed mice showed more severe fat deposition than those fed a basal diet. Vitamin D3 amplified muscle u‐ and m‐calpain protein content and suppressed muscle calpastatin protein content.CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that vitamin D3 can be used as a fat synthesizer and meat tenderizer in meat‐producing animals. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
An investigation into gamma‐ray treatment of shellfish using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy
Authors: Bhatti Ijaz A , Akram Kashif , Kwon Joong‐Ho 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND: Gamma irradiation is a safe method for the decontamination of shellfish, and its technical feasibility and safety have been endorsed (FAO/IAEA/WHO). In order to implement proper food‐processing regulations, the identification of radiation treatment is required. In this study, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy was employed to identify the irradiation of seven different types of commonly consumed shellfish.RESULTS: Characteristics (g factor and signal intensity) of the EPR spectra of control and irradiated samples were recorded in order to clarify the gamma‐ray treatment of shellfish. Radiation‐specific signals around g = 2.0038 ± 0.0006 (g1) and g = 1.9996 ± 0.0002 (g2 and g3) were observed for all shellfish samples irradiated with absorbed doses of 3 and 6 kGy. The X‐ray diffraction (XRD) spectra of some shellfish samples were recorded to investigate their mineral profiles.CONCLUSION: The EPR spectroscopic results indicated that carbonate minerals were the source of the paramagnetic species that were produced upon irradiation, entrapped in the shellfish and showed radiation‐specific asymmetric signals whose intensities increased quantitatively with the absorbed radiation dose. The XRD analysis revealed that aragonite and calcite minerals were present in the shells of shellfish. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Aroma characterization of tangerine hybrids by gas‐chromatography–olfactometry and sensory evaluation
Authors: Miyazaki Takayuki , Plotto Anne , Baldwin Elizabeth A , Reyes‐De‐Corcuera José I , Gmitter Jr Fred G 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND: Tangerines have a distinct flavor among citrus fruit. However, information on tangerine volatiles remains limited. Volatile compounds from a breeding population of tangerines were earlier identified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. In this study, five hybrids with a distinct volatile profile were analyzed by gas‐chromatography–olfactometry (GC‐O) and descriptive sensory analysis.RESULTS: Forty‐nine aroma active compounds were found in a consensus by GC‐O. Aldehydes were the most important group with odor activity, as well as monoterpenes, esters, alcohols and ketones. 1,8‐Cineole, β‐myrcene, (E,E)‐2,4‐nonadienal, hexanal, ethyl‐2‐methylbutanoate, and linalool were perceived with high intensity in most samples. Two ‘Clementine’ × ‘Minneola’ and one ‘Fortune’ × ‘Murcott’ hybrids with tangerine, sulfury and woody/spicy flavors had aroma active compounds with terpeney, fatty/vegetable and metallic/rubber descriptors. A tangerine with ‘Valencia’ orange in its parentage had a characteristic orange flavor, which could be explained by esters and ketones, high in fruity and floral odor intensities. A hybrid of unknown origin had a distinct fruity–non‐citrus and pumpkin/fatty flavor; that sample had the lowest amount of aroma‐active volatiles, with the least compounds with terpeney odors.CONCLUSION: There was no one compound characteristic of tangerine flavor. Nevertheless, each sample sensory characteristic could be explained by a set of aroma‐active volatile compounds. Published 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Notch1 regulates chemotaxis and proliferation by controlling the CC‐chemokine receptors 5 and 9 in T cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
Authors: Mirandola Leonardo , Chiriva‐Internati Maurizio , Montagna Daniela , Locatelli Franco , Zecca Marco , Ranzani Marco , Basile Andrea , Locati Massimo , Cobos Everardo , Kast W Martin , Asselta Rosanna , Paraboschi Elvezia Maria , Comi Paola , Chiaramonte Raffaella 
Published: October 2011

AbstractTumour cells often express deregulated profiles of chemokine receptors that regulate cancer cell migration and proliferation. Notch1 pathway activation is seen in T cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (T‐ALL) due to the high frequency of Notch1 mutations affecting approximately 60% of patients, causing ligand‐independent signalling and/or prolonging Notch1 half‐life. We have investigated the possible regulative role of Notch1 on the expression and function of chemokine receptors CCR5, CCR9 and CXCR4 that play a role in determining blast malignant properties and localization of extramedullary infiltrations in leukaemia. We inhibited the pathway through γ‐Secretase inhibitor and Notch1 RNA interference and analysed the effect on the expression and function of chemokine receptors. Our results indicate that γ‐Secretase inhibitor negatively regulates the transcription level of the CC chemokine receptors 5 and 9 in T‐ALL cell lines and patients' primary leukaemia cells, leaving CXCR4 expression unaltered. The Notch pathway also controls CCR5‐ and CCR9‐mediated biological effects, ie chemotaxis and proliferation. Furthermore, engaging CCR9 through CCL25 administration rescues proliferation inhibition associated with abrogation of Notch activity. Finally, through RNA interference we demonstrated that the oncogenic isoform in T‐ALL, Notch1, plays a role in controlling CCR5 and CCR9 expression and functions. These findings suggest that Notch1, acting in concert with chemokine receptors pathways, may provide leukaemia cells with proliferative advantage and specific chemotactic abilities, therefore influencing tumour cell progression and localization. Copyright © 2012 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Focal adhesion kinase and tumour angiogenesis
Authors: Lechertier Tanguy , Hodivala‐Dilke Kairbaan 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAngiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from pre‐existing ones, is essential for tumour development. It is initiated and regulated by growth factors via their surface receptors, which activate several intracellular signalling pathways in endothelial cells. Cell adhesion molecules, such as integrins, also regulate angiogenesis. Despite these facts, inhibitors of endothelial cell growth factor receptors or integrins have not been as effective as initially hoped in the long‐term inhibition of angiogenesis in cancer patients. Signalling downstream of growth factor receptors and integrins converge on the ubiquitously expressed non‐receptor tyrosine kinase focal adhesion kinase (FAK). FAK is involved in endothelial cell proliferation, migration and survival, is up‐regulated in many cancers and has recently been shown to control tumour angiogenesis. Indeed, FAK inhibitors are presently being developed for the treatment of cancer. However, recent studies have indicated the complexities of understanding the precise role for FAK in angiogenesis. Here we have summarized some of the key features of FAK, addressed some of the apparently contradictory roles of this molecule in angiogenesis and provided some perspectives for future studies. Copyright © 2011 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Electromagnetic activation of a shape memory copolymer matrix incorporating ferromagnetic nanoparticles
Authors: Yang Dan , Huang Wei , He Xiaohua , Xie Meiran 
Published: October 2011

AbstractModified magnetite (Fe3O4) was easily mixed in a matrix of a polynorbornene‐based copolymer to realize a nanocomposite of organic polymer and inorganic metal oxide nanoparticles. The crystalline structure and the diameter of the modified Fe3O4 were evaluated with X‐ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy, revealing the crystalline Fe3O4 nanoparticles in the nanometer size range with an average diameter of 55 nm, a value close to that indicated by dynamic light scattering (68 nm). The transition temperature of the composite of 51 °C was determined using differential scanning calorimetry and the thermal stability and dynamic mechanical properties of the easily formed composite were investigated using thermogravimetry and dynamic mechanical analysis. The shape memory effect was evaluated in terms of shape recovery rate and speed, while thermally and electromagnetically triggered shape memory properties were documented. The recovery time triggered by Fe3O4 is 186 s. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Cancer survivors' exercise barriers, facilitators and preferences in the context of fatigue, quality of life and physical activity participation: a questionnaire–survey
Authors: Blaney J. M. , Lowe‐Strong A. , Rankin‐Watt J. , Campbell A. , Gracey J. H. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the exercise barriers, facilitators and preferences of a mixed sample of cancer survivors as well as fatigue levels, quality of life (QoL) and the frequency and intensity of exercise that cancer survivors typically engage in.MethodsAn anonymous, postal questionnaire–survey with a convenience sample of 975 cancer survivors was used. Standardised measures were used to establish fatigue (Multidimensional Fatigue Symptom Inventory‐Short Form), QoL (European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire‐C30), exercise frequency and intensity (Leisure Score Index).ResultsA 52.3% response rate (n = 456) was achieved. A total of 76.0% were female, with stage I (18.3%) or stage II (21.0%) breast cancer (64.4%), and 62.3% were ≥3 years post treatment. A total of 73.5% reported fatigue with 57.2% experiencing fatigue on a daily basis. A total of 68.1% had never been given any advice on how to manage fatigue. A total of 9.4% reported to engage in strenuous physical activity, 43.5% in moderate physical activity and 65.5% in mild physical activity. Respondents experienced difficulties with emotional, cognitive and social functioning and the symptoms of fatigue, insomnia and pain. Barriers that interfered with exercise ‘often/very often’ were mainly related to respondents' health and environmental factors. A total of 50.2% were interested in exercise and 52.5% felt able to exercise. Exercise facilitators, preferences and motivators provide some insight into cancer survivors' needs in terms of becoming more physically active.ConclusionsAlthough cancer survivors continue to experience fatigue and QoL issues long after treatment completion, over half are willing and feel able to participate in exercise. Exercise barriers were mainly health related or environmental issues, however, the main barriers reported were those that had the potential to be alleviated by exercise. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Genetic testing for hereditary melanoma and pancreatic cancer: a longitudinal study of psychological outcome
Authors: Aspinwall Lisa G. , Taber Jennifer M. , Leaf Samantha L. , Kohlmann Wendy , Leachman Sancy A. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractObjectiveCDKN2A/p16 mutations confer 76% lifetime risk of melanoma and up to 17% lifetime risk of pancreatic cancer. Our objective was to determine the short‐ and long‐term impact of CDKN2A/p16 genetic counseling and test reporting on psychological distress, cancer worry, and perceived costs and benefits of testing.MethodsProspective changes in anxiety, depression, and cancer worry following CDKN2A/p16 counseling and test reporting were evaluated at multiple assessments over 2 years among 60 adult members of melanoma‐prone families; 37 participants completed the 2‐year follow‐up. Quantitative and qualitative assessments of the costs and benefits of testing were carried out. Outcomes were evaluated among unaffected noncarriers (n = 27), unaffected carriers (n = 15), and affected carriers (n = 18).ResultsReported anxiety and depression were low. For carriers and noncarriers, anxiety decreased significantly throughout the 2‐year period, whereas depression and melanoma worry showed short‐term decreases. Worry about pancreatic cancer was low and decreased significantly. In all groups, test‐related distress and uncertainty were low, regret was absent, and positive experiences were high. All participants (>93% at each assessment) reported at least one perceived benefit of genetic testing; only 15.9% listed any negative aspect. Carriers reported increased knowledge about melanoma risk and prevention (78.3%) and increased prevention and screening behaviors for self and family (65.2%). Noncarriers reported increased knowledge (95.2%) and emotional benefits (71.4%).ConclusionAmong US participants familiar with their hereditary melanoma risk through prior epidemiological research participation, CDKN2A/p16 genetic testing provides multiple perceived benefits to both carriers and noncarriers without inducing distress in general or worry about melanoma or pancreatic cancer. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Acaricidal activities of the active component of Lycopus lucidus oil and its derivatives against house dust and stored food mites (Arachnida: Acari)
Authors: Yang Ji‐Yeon , Lee Hoi‐Seon 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND: Recent studies have focused on materials derived from plant extracts as mite control products against house dust and stored food mites because repeated use of synthetic acaricides had led to resistance and unwanted activities on non‐target organisms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the acaricidal activity of materials derived from Lycopus lucidus against Dermatophagoides farinae, D. pteronyssinus and Tyrophagus putrescentiae.RESULTS: The LD50 values of L. lucidus oil were 2.19, 2.25 and 8.45 µg cm−2 against D. farinae, D. pteronyssinus and T. putrescentiae. The acaricidal constituent of L. lucidus was isolated by chromatographic techniques and identified as 1‐octen‐3‐ol. In a fumigant method against D. farinae, the acaricidal activity of 1‐octen‐3‐ol (0.25 µg cm−2) was more toxic than N,N‐diethyl‐m‐toluamide (DEET) (36.84 µg cm−2), followed by 3,7‐dimethyl‐1‐octen‐3‐ol (0.29 µg cm−2), 1‐octen‐3‐yl butyrate (2.32 µg cm−2), 1‐octen‐3‐yl acetate (2.42 µg cm−2), 3,7‐dimethyl‐1‐octene (9.34 µg cm−2) and benzyl benzoate (10.02 µg cm−2). In a filter paper bioassay against D. farinae, 1‐octen‐3‐ol (0.63 µg cm−2) was more effective than DEET (20.64 µg cm−2), followed by 3,7‐dimethyl‐1‐octen‐3‐ol (1.09 µg cm−2).CONCLUSION: 1‐Octen‐3‐ol and 3,7‐dimethyl‐1‐octen‐3‐ol could be useful as natural agents for the management of three mite species. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Binding energy of singlet excitons and charge transfer complexes in MDMO‐PPV:PCBM solar cells
Authors: Kern Julia , Schwab Sebastian , Deibel Carsten , Dyakonov Vladimir 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe influence of an external electric field on the photoluminescence intensity of singlet excitons and charge transfer complexes is investigated for a poly[2‐methoxy‐5‐(3′,7′‐dimethyloctyloxy)‐1,4‐phenylenevinylene] (MDMO‐PPV) diode and a bulk heterojunction of the PPV in combination with [6,6]‐phenyl‐C61 butyric acid methylester (PCBM), respectively. The experimental data is related to the dissociation probability derived from the Onsager–Braun model. In this way, a lower limit for the singlet exciton binding energy of MDMO‐PPV is determined as $ (327 \pm 30) $ meV, whereas a significantly lower value of $ (203 \pm 18) $ meV is extracted for the charge transfer complex in a MDMO‐PPV:PCBM blend. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Numerical study of slantwise circulations in a strongly sheared prefrontal environment
Authors: Fantini M. , Malguzzi P. , Buzzi A. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe simultaneous presence of convective, symmetric and inertial instability in a prefrontal region of strong vertical wind shear was simulated with the non‐hydrostatic model MOLOCH. Model diagnostics of absolute vorticity, pseudo‐angular momentum, saturated equivalent potential temperature and vorticity reveal a sequence of events that includes ‘ΔM‐adjustment’, followed by slanted ascent in symmetrically unstable regions, becoming saturated in the later stages. An idealized experiment without orography was performed to isolate the presence and role of instabilities characterizing the development. The diagnosed circulation is reminiscent of a wavenumber‐two normal mode of dry symmetric instability, while moist symmetric instability is confined to a very limited region, despite the appearance of wider areas of negative moist potential vorticity. The evaluation of moist thermodynamic quantities which give proper account of condensate loading is suggested as a possible resolution of this apparent inconsistency. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society
Open vs robot‐assisted laparoscopic gastric resection with D2 lymph node dissection for adenocarcinoma: a case‐control study
Authors: Caruso Stefano , Patriti Alberto , Marrelli Daniele , Ceccarelli Graziano , Ceribelli Cecilia , Roviello Franco , Casciola Luciano 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBackgroundA population‐based case‐control study was conducted in order to investigate the advantages of robot‐assisted gastric resection (RGR) for gastric cancer as opposed to traditional open gastrectomy (OG).MethodsData were collected in two prospectively maintained databases on patients who underwent a D2 gastrectomy with curative intent for primary gastric adenocarcinoma. All (n = 29) the first consecutive gastric cancer patients submitted to RGR from a referral centre for minimally invasive surgery were matched to control cancers (n = 120) extrapolated from a high volume centre database including patients submitted to OG.ResultsRobot‐assisted laparoscopic procedures implied increased operative time (290 vs 222 min, p = 0.004), decreased blood loss (197.6 vs 386.1 mL, p = 0.0001) and shorter hospital stay (9.6 vs 13.4 days, p < 0.0009). There was no difference in the mean number of harvested lymph nodes between the two groups (28.0 vs 31.7, p = 0.023). The total morbidity rate, including major complications such as anastomotic and duodenal suture failure, was comparable between groups (41.4% vs 42.5%; in the RGR and OG, respectively, p = 0.764). Preliminary data on overall survival did not show prognostic differences between the two groups (p = 0.615).ConclusionsRobot‐assisted surgery fulfils oncologic criteria for D2 dissection and has an oncologic outcome comparable with that of OG. RGR resulted in shorter hospital stays, the loss of less blood and morbidity comparable with that of OG. Randomized clinical trials and longer follow‐up are needed to evaluate whether RGR achieves long‐term survival rates equivalent to that of open and laparoscopic surgery. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Robust feature tracking on the beating heart for a robotic‐guided endoscope
Authors: Elhawary Haytham , Popovic Aleksandra 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBackgroundVisualization during minimally invasive bypass surgery on the beating heart can be enhanced by using a robotic‐guided endoscope and visual servoing from the endoscopic images. In order to achieve these objectives, this work has focused on developing and testing algorithms for accurate, robust and real‐time motion tracking of features on the beating heart, using marker‐less approaches and an uncalibrated endoscope.MethodsLucas–Kanade pyramidal optical flow‐based algorithms and speeded‐up robust features (SURF)‐based methods have been extensively evaluated, using a range of developed metrics, in order to quantify accuracy, robustness and drift under a variety of circumstances. Three sets of experiments are reported: the first set compared the two tracking methods, using a beating‐heart phantom and a static endoscope; the second set evaluated the methods when images were taken using a moving robotic‐guided endoscope; and finally, the Lucas‐Kanade optical flow algorithm was extensively tested in a visual servoing application, using a robotic endoscope.ResultsThe combination of a Lucas‐Kanade tracking algorithm and a SURF‐based feature detection method gave the best performance in terms of accuracy and robustness of tracking, while preserving real‐time computation requirements. The optimal parameters consist of a window size of 51 × 51 pixels and an interframe motion threshold of 20 pixels. Feature tracking was successfully integrated into uncalibrated visual servoing or a robotic‐guided endoscope.ConclusionsRobust feature tracking on a beating heart with endoscopic video can be achieved in real‐time and may facilitate robotically‐assisted, minimally invasive bypass surgery and conventional laparoscopic surgery. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.