bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reducing problematic pornography use with imaginal retraining–A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Baumeister Anna , Gehlenborg Josefine , Schuurmans Lea , Moritz Steffen , Briken Peer 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground and aimProblematic pornography use (PPU) can be a manifestation of compulsive sexual behavior disorder (CSBD). Studies investigating PPU confirm approach-avoidance tendencies in response to pornographic stimuli in this population. This study show indications of the significance of the efficacy of imaginal retraining, a variant of approach bias modification, as an intervention for PPU.MethodsA total of 274 participants (86.5% male; mean age = 30.65, SD = 10.13) with self-reported PPU were randomized to imaginal retraining (instruction video) or a waitlist control group. Assessments were conducted online at baseline and after the six-week intervention period. The primary outcome was a reduction in problematic pornography use. Compulsive sexual behavior, sexual desire, depressiveness, and satisfaction with the intervention served as secondary outcomes.ResultsRetention was low (51.7%), but comparable between groups. The retraining was performed at least once a week (the per-protocol [PP] criterion) by 51.4% of participants. The PP analyses of 111 participants showed a significant reduction in problematic pornography use (primary outcome) in the intervention compared to the control group. The intention-to-treat analyses (ITT), however, did not corroborate this result. Despite low adherence, participants rated their satisfaction with the intervention positively.Discussion and ConclusionImaginal retraining can function as a low-threshold self-help intervention for PPU to overcome help-seeking barriers and may reduce PPU in a subgroup of users. Low adherence limits the results of this trial. Given the need for low-threshold interventions for PPU and/or CSBD, further research should focus on increasing adherence and should evaluate retraining for clinical groups. Modifications to augment efficacy are suggested.
Realizing the Promise of Artificial Intelligence in Hepatocellular Carcinoma through Opportunities and Recommendations for Responsible Translation
Authors: Addissouky Tamer , M. A. Ali Majeed , El Tantawy El Sayed Ibrahim , Alubiady Mahmood Hasen Shuhata 
Published: April 2024

This study aims to provide an overview of the current state-of-the-art applications of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning in the management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and to explore future directions for continued progress in this emerging field. This study is a comprehensive literature review that synthesizes recent findings and advancements in the application of AI and machine learning techniques across various aspects of HCC care, including screening and early detection, diagnosis and staging, prognostic modeling, treatment planning, interventional guidance, and monitoring of treatment response. The review draws upon a wide range of published research studies, focusing on the integration of AI and machine learning with diverse data sources, such as medical imaging, clinical data, genomics, and other multimodal information. The results demonstrate that AI-based systems have shown promise in improving the accuracy and efficiency of HCC screening, diagnosis, and tumor characterization compared to traditional methods. Machine learning models integrating clinical, imaging, and genomic data have outperformed conventional staging systems in predicting survival and recurrence risk. AI-based recommendation systems have the potential to optimize personalized therapy selection, while augmented reality techniques can guide interventional procedures in real-time. Moreover, longitudinal application of AI may enhance the assessment of treatment response and recurrence monitoring. Despite these promising findings, the review highlights the need for rigorous multicenter prospective validation studies, standardized multimodal datasets, and thoughtful consideration of ethical implications before widespread clinical implementation of AI technologies in HCC management.
Face au changement climatique, quelles stratégies d’atténuation et d’adaptation pour les productions avicoles ?
Authors: COLLIN Anne , COUSTHAM Vincent , TONA Jacob Kokou , TESSERAUD Sophie , MIGNON-GRASTEAU Sandrine , MÉDA Bertrand , VITORINO CARVALHO Anaïs , GUYOT Yann , LAGARRIGUE Sandrine , PITEL Frédérique , ZERJAL Tatiana 
Published: April 2024

La viande de volaille et les œufs sont des sources principales de protéines animales pour l'alimentation humaine dans le monde. Leur production a augmenté rapidement au cours des dernières décennies. Cependant, les productions avicoles sont vulnérables au changement climatique, en particulier au réchauffement de la planète et à ses conséquences directes et indirectes. Pour y faire face, il est nécessaire de mettre en place des stratégies d'adaptation des animaux, en particulier en améliorant leur résilience. Ces stratégies nécessitent d’une part de mieux comprendre la physiologie des oiseaux (thermorégulation, efficacité pour la production de viande et d'œufs…) et d’autre part de rechercher des innovations en lien avec la nutrition, la santé, la reprogrammation précoce ou encore la génétique (intégration de nouveaux caractères adaptatifs dans les stratégies de sélection). Il faut également trouver des solutions au niveau des systèmes de production, par exemple en prenant en compte les aires de répartition géographique des maladies liées au changement climatique et en introduisant des pratiques d'atténuation pour réduire les consommations d'énergie et les émissions de gaz à effet de serre. Des recherches interdisciplinaires axées sur la génétique, les méthodes techniques (telles que la programmation thermique précoce), les solutions d'ingénierie, des innovations nutritionnelles et de nouvelles stratégies d'élevage agroécologiques sont ainsi développées. Ces stratégies tiennent compte de la demande sociale croissante en faveur de productions animales éthiques dans les perspectives d’une seule santé (« One Health ») et d’un seul bien-être (« One Welfare ») et visent à limiter la concurrence entre l'homme et les animaux pour les ressources alimentaires. Cette revue illustre par quelques exemples les leviers d'amélioration et de stratégies adaptatives envisageables pour rendre les animaux et les systèmes de production avicole plus résilients dans le contexte du changement climatique.
Extra-Articular Stabilization for the Treatment of Recurrent Sternoclavicular Joint Instability
Authors: Kobayashi Takayuki , Matsumura Noboru , Tasaki Atsushi , Kiyota Yasuhiro , Suzuki Taku , Iwamoto Takuji , Matsumoto Morio , Nakamura Masaya 
Published: April 2024

Case:
A 22-year-old man and a 14-year-old adolescent boy, who exhibited moderate general joint laxity, experienced recurrent sternoclavicular joint instability without traumatic events. The patients were successfully treated with extra-articular stabilization using autologous tendon grafts without surgical exposure of the sternoclavicular joint.

Conclusion:
Atraumatic instability of the sternoclavicular joint is rare but often results in recurrent instability accompanied by discomfort, pain, and limitations in activities. Extra-articular stabilization, which reinforces the anterior capsule of the sternoclavicular joint and prevents anterior displacement of the proximal clavicle at the elevated arm position, could be a viable surgical option for this pathological condition.
A Discricionariedade como um Pressuposto da Implementação de Políticas Públicas: um Ensaio Teórico
Authors: Boldrin Duljon Laerti , Da Rocha Soares Ferreira Vicente 
Published: April 2024

Objetivo da pesquisa: o objetivo do ensaio é desenvolver proposições teóricas sobre a implementação de políticas públicas.
Enquadramento teórico: o estudo fundamenta-se na literatura sobre os fatores influenciadores da ação dos burocratas de nível de rua na implementação de políticas públicas.
Resultados: A primeira proposição defende que a discricionariedade, mais que um fator influenciador, é um pressuposto da implementação. Outra proposição deriva da percepção de que a ação da implementação das políticas públicas influencia de formas distintas os princípios que a regem — núcleo estável — e seus fatores intercontextuais — núcleo dinâmico. A última proposição sustenta que deve existir um esforço de parte dos policymakers em reconhecer a influência e conhecer os fatores que influenciam a forma como a burocracia de nível de rua implementa determinada política pública. Como resultado, o framework normativo original da política pública possuiria maior aderência à realidade observada nos contextos em que a política pública é implementada, além de trazer para o bojo da política pública a consideração da multidimensionalidade como característica basilar da burocracia de nível de rua. Adicionalmente, apresenta-se um modelo integrativo de dimensões e categorias sobre o tema.
Originalidade: apresenta a discricionariedade como um pressuposto ao se estudar os fatores influenciadores da ação dos burocratas de nível de rua, diferenciando-a da ação discricionária. Além disso, o modelo proposto busca avançar no debate sobre a dinâmica existente entre a formulação e implementação de políticas públicas.
Contribuições teóricas e práticas: do ponto de vista teórico, o conteúdo do ensaio suscita argumentos que contribuem qualitativamente na área de pesquisa. De uma perspectiva prática, fornece um modelo que pode servir de parâmetro para novos estudos e apresenta proposições que podem ser testadas em pesquisas empíricas futuras.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Burocracia de Nível de Rua, Fatores influenciadores da ação, Framework normativo, Dimensões e categorias.
Evaluating the Impact of Biochemical Reactions on H2 Storage in Depleted Gas Fields
Authors: Rivolta Giacomo , Maniglio Marco , Elgendy Ahmed , Panfili Paola , Cominelli Alberto 
Published: April 2024

Summary
Underground hydrogen storage (UHS) is an emerging technology to store energy, produced by renewable sources, in subsurface porous formations. UHS efficiency in depleted gas reservoirs can be affected by H2 biochemical degradation due to interactions with rock, brine, and gas. In the reservoir, subsurface microorganisms can metabolize H2 with possible hydrogen losses, H2S production, clogging, and formation damage. In this work, we investigate the impact of hydrogen losses due to microbial activities on UHS operations in depleted gas reservoirs lying in sandstone formations.
We developed a workflow to exploit the chemical reactive transport functionalities of a commercial reservoir simulator, to model biochemical processes occurring in UHS. Kinetic chemical reaction formulation was used to replicate a Monod’s type microorganism growth, using PHREEQC to tune reaction parameters by matching a 0D process in an ideal reactor. Then, we applied the methodology to evaluate the impact of biotic reactions on UHS operations in depleted gas fields. Eventually, various sensitivities were carried out considering injection/production cycle lengths, cushion gas volumes, and microbial model parameters.
Benchmark against PHREEQC demonstrated that, by properly tuning the kinetic reaction model coefficients, we are capable of adequately reproducing Monod-like growth and competition of different microbial community species. Field-scale results showed that hydrogen losses due to biochemistry are limited, even though this may depend on the availability of reactants in the specific environment: In this work, we focus on gas reservoirs where the molar fraction of the key nutrient, CO2, is small (≤2%) and the formation is a typical sandstone. Operational parameters (e.g., storage cycle length) have an impact on the biochemical dynamics and, then, on the hydrogen degradation and generation of undesired byproducts. Similar considerations hold for the model microbial growth kinetic parameters: In this study, they were established using available literature data for calibration, but we envisage tuning them using experimental results on specific reservoirs. The current model setup does not account for rock-fluid geochemical interactions, which may result in mineral precipitation/dissolution affecting the concentration of substrates available for biotic reactions. Nonetheless, it can provide an estimate of hydrogen consumption during storage in depleted gas reservoirs due to microbial activities.
This study is among the first attempts to evaluate the impact of hydrogen losses by the presence of in-situ microbial populations during hydrogen storage in a realistic depleted gas field. The assessment was performed by implementing a novel workflow to encapsulate biochemical reactions and bacterial dynamic growth in commercial reservoir simulators, which may be applied to estimate the efficiency and associated risks of future UHS projects.
Ultrasound guided injection into the left ventricle of the mouse
Authors: Henning Nicole , Roberts Fred , Fowler Colin , Spanoudaki Virginia 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

In this protocol we demonstrate an approach to the left ventricle of the mouse for an injection of sterile saline; the injection can be done with cells, therapeutics, or other injectates, to suit research needs. This technique offers a minimally invasive yet highly reproducible approach for efficacious results with minimal impact on the mouse.
Food-washing monkeys recognize the law of diminishing returns
Authors: Dominy Nathaniel , Rosien Jessica , Fannin Luke , Yeakel Justin , Malaivijitnond Suchinda , Tan Amanda 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Few animal species have the cognitive faculties or prehensile abilities needed to eliminate costly tooth-damaging grit from food surfaces. Some populations of monkeys wash sandy foods when standing water is readily accessible, but this propensity varies within groups for reasons unknown. Spontaneous food-washing emerged recently in a group of long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) on Koram Island, Thailand, motivating us to explore the factors that drive individual variation. We measured the mineral and physical properties of contaminant sands and conducted a field experiment, eliciting 1,282 food-handling bouts by 42 monkeys. Our results verify two long-standing presumptions, that monkeys have a strong aversion to sand and that removing it is intentional. Reinforcing this point, monkeys clean foods beyond the point of diminishing returns, a suboptimal behaviour that varies with rank. Dominant monkeys abstain from washing, balancing the long-term benefits of mitigating tooth wear against immediate energetic requirements, an essential predictor of reproductive fitness.
Effect of Aerobic Exercise Programme on Neuropathic Pain and Quality of Life in Person with Paraplegia: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Gera Ankush , Walia Shefali , Khanna Stuti , Wadhwa Garima 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) often suffer from neuropathic pain which is often disabling and negatively affects function, participation, and Quality of Life (QoL). Pharmacological treatments lack efficacy in neuropathic pain reduction hence studying alternatives to drug treatment is necessary. Preclinical evidence of various aerobic exercises has shown positive effects on neuropathic pain but scientific studies investigating its effect in the SCI human population are limited.
Methodology: This study is a double-blind, parallel, two-group, randomized controlled trial that aims to evaluate the effectiveness of aerobic exercise programme on neuropathic pain and quality of life (QoL) in individuals with chronic paraplegia. Thirty individuals with chronic paraplegia with the neurological level of injury from T2 to L2 will be recruited from the rehabilitation department at a super specialty hospital based on the inclusion criteria. Using a 1:1 allocation ratio the participants will be randomly assigned to one of the two groups. The intervention group will perform high-intensity interval training (HIIT) aerobic exercise using an arm ergometer based on their peak heart rate and the control group will perform free-hand arm aerobic exercise. In both groups, the intervention will be delivered as 30-minute sessions, four times a week for 6 weeks.
Outcome measures: International Spinal Cord Injury Pain Basic Data Set Version 3.0 will be used for diagnosing and assessing neuropathic pain and its interference with day-to-day activities, mood, and sleep. The International Spinal Cord Society (ISCoS) QoL basic data set will be used to assess QoL and 6 Minute Push Test distance will be used to assess peak heart rate and aerobic capacity.
Discussion: The effectiveness of the aerobic exercise Programme will be assessed based on the changes in neuropathic pain score and its interference with day-to-day activities, mood, sleep, QoL, and aerobic capacity after 3 weeks mid-intervention and after 6 weeks post-intervention. The trial will provide new knowledge about the effectiveness of the aerobic exercise Programme in improving neuropathic pain and QoL in individuals with chronic paraplegia.
Trial Registration: The trial is registered with the Clinical Trials Registry- India on 8 August 2023 with registration number CTRI/2023/08/056257.
Morphometric and molecular identification of Unionicola chelata (Acari: Hydrachnida: Unionicolidae) from Bellamya bengalensis, a gastropod mollusc in South 24 Parganas district, West Bengal, India
Authors: Bhowmik Biplab , Dey Bipasa , Das Shantanabha , Barman Gyan Deb , Chanda Sukanya , Mondal Riya 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Unionicola sp. is a parasitic aquatic mite known to infect freshwater aquatic organisms, especially the malacofauna species and few species of sponges. Unionicola chelata (Acari: Hydrachnida: Unionicolidae) generally infect the freshwater bivalves of the Genus Unio sp. They are usually facultative in nature and can be parasitic at any stage of their life cycle. They cause damage to the gills of the host which harms their normal respiration process. The present work portraits the morphological characters, morphometric details, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images and sequence data of its mitochondrial gene “Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI)” and its taxonomic position was justified by obtaining a phylogenetic tree. The description regarding its morphological, morphometric characters and sequence studies has been presented here. This paper holds the report of a parasitic aquatic mite Unionicola chelata for the first time from a Gastropod molluscan host Bellamya bengalensis (Lamarck, 1882), from Diamond Harbour, South 24 Parganas, West Bengal, India.
Non-inferiority, Randomised, Open-label Clinical Trial on the Effectiveness of Transurethral Microwave Thermotherapy Compared to Prostatic Artery Embolisation in Reducing Severe Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Men with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Study Protocol for the TUMT-PAE-1 Trial
Authors: Kristensen-Alvarez Anna , Fode Mikkel , Stroomberg Hein Vincent , Nielsen Kurt Krøyer , Canas Albert Arch , Lönn Lars , Taudorf Mikkel , Widecrantz Steven John , Røder Andreas 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background:
One-fourth of men older than 70 years have lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) that impair their quality of life. Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is considered the gold standard for surgical treatment of LUTS caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) that cannot be managed conservatively or pharmacologically. However, TURP is only an option for patients fit for surgery and can result in complications. Transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT) and Prostatic artery embolisation (PAE) are alternative minimally invasive surgical therapies (MISTs) performed in an outpatient setting. Both treatments have shown to reduce LUTS with a similar post-procedure outcome in the mean International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS). It is however still unknown if TUMT and PAE perform equally well as they have never been directly compared in a randomized clinical trial. The objective of this clinical trial is to assess if PAE is non-inferior to TUMT in reducing LUTS secondary to BPH.
Methods:
This study is designed as a multicentre, non-inferiority, open label randomised clinical trial. Patients will be randomised with a 1:1 allocation ratio between treatments. The primary outcome is the IPSS of the two arms after 6 months. The primary outcome will be evaluated by a 95% confidence interval against the predefined non-inferiority margin of +3 points in IPSS. Secondary objectives include the comparison of patient-reported and functional outcomes at short- and long-term follow-up. We will follow the patients for five years to track long-term effect. Assuming a difference in mean IPSS after treatment of 1 point with an SD of 5 and a non-inferiority margin set at the border for a clinically non-meaningful difference of 3 points, the calculated sample size was 100 patients per arm. To compensate for 10% drop-out the study will include 220 patients.
Discussion:
In this first randomized clinical trial to compare two MISTs we expect non-inferiority of PAE to TUMT. The most prominent problems with MIST BPH treatments are the unknown long-term effect and the lack of proper selection of candidates for a specific procedure. With analysis of the secondary outcomes, we aspire to contribute to a better understanding of durability and patient selection for either treatment.
Trial registration:
NCT05686525 [ClinicalTrials.gov] [registered after the start of inclusion; 17 January 2023], https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05686525
Sequential and hierarchical single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformations of a monomer to a 1D-polymer and then to a 2D-polymer
Authors: Sureshan Kana , Balan Haripriya 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Designing and synthesizing flawless two-dimensional polymers (2D-Ps) via meticulous molecular preorganization presents an intriguing yet challenging frontier in research. We report here the single-crystal-to-single-crystal (SCSC) synthesis of a 2D-P via thermally induced topochemical azide-alkyne cycloaddition (TAAC) reaction. A designed monomer incorporating two azide and two alkyne units was synthesized. The azide and alkyne groups are preorganized in the monomer crystal in reactive geometries for polymerizations in two orthogonal directions. On heating, the polymerizations proceed in a hierarchical manner; at first, the monomer reacted regiospecifically in a SCSC fashion to form a 1,5-triazolyl-linked 1D polymer (1D-P), which upon further heating underwent another SCSC polymerization to a 2D-P through a second regiospecific TAAC reaction forming 1,4-triazolyl linkages. Two different linkages in orthogonal directions makes this an architecturally unique 2D-P, as determined, at atomic resolution, by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The 2D-P reported here is thermally stable in view of the robust triazole-linkages and can be exfoliated as 2D-sheets.
Kimura Disease in Colombia. Case Report
Authors: Rueda Jhon Alexander Ávila , Manrique-Hernandez Edgar Fabián , Licht-Ardila Maricel , Hurtado-Ortiz Alexandra , Suárez Carmen Judith , Abreo Diego Gómez 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Kimura disease is a benign, chronic, and rare entity. Its etiology and pathogenesis are unclear, posing challenges for diagnosis and management. The aim is to report the case of a Colombian patient with Kimura disease.
Case Report: A 68-year-old male patient with no relevant medical history presented with a 6-month history of asthenia, night sweats, and bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy. An excisional lymph node biopsy was performed, revealing atypical paracortical hyperplasia with a Ki67 proliferation index of 60% in the paracortical region and 100% in residual germinal centers, suggesting a reactive process consistent with Kimura disease.
Discussion: This case highlights the importance of considering Kimura disease as a differential diagnosis in patients with symptoms consistent with this condition.