bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rhodium(I) Complexes with Hemilabile Phosphines: Rational Design for Efficient Oxidative Amination Catalysts
Authors: Jiménez M. Victoria , Bartolomé M. Isabel , Pérez‐Torrente Jesús J. , Lahoz Fernando J. , Oro Luis A. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractA series of cationic square‐planar rhodium(I) complexes of type [Rh(cod){Ar2P(CH2)nZ}]+, [Rh(cod){Ar2P(CH2)nZ}2]+, and [Rh{Ar2P(CH2)nZ}2]+, which contained diverse functionalized hemilabile phosphine ligands of type Ar2P(CH2)nZ (n=1–3; Z=OMe, OEt, OnBu, NMe2, SMe), were synthesized and spectroscopically characterized. The crystal structures of representative compounds were determined by X‐ray diffraction. Most complexes were active catalysts for the anti‐Markovnikov oxidative amination of styrene with piperidine to produce (E)‐1‐styrylpiperidine. Catalyst screening showed a remarkable relationship between the hemilabile ligand, the precatalyst structure, and the catalytic activity. The more‐efficient catalysts were those that had arylphosphine ligands with a 2‐alkoxyethyl‐ or 3‐alkoxypropyl hemilabile moiety, Ar2P(CH2)nOR (n=2, 3; R=Me, Et, nBu). This study has revealed the outstanding catalytic activity of bis‐phosphine complexes [Rh{(4‐R‐C6H4)2P(CH2)3OEt}2][PF6] (R=H, Me, OMe), with unprecedented turnover frequencies of up to 80 h−1 (R=Me) and excellent enamine selectivity (96 %).
On the simulation of hydrocyclones using CFD
Authors: Ghadirian Morteza , Hayes Robert E. , Mmbaga Joseph , Afacan Artin , Xu Zhenghe 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThis study reports on the development of a complete solution methodology for the simulation of a hydrocyclone. A commercial software package, Ansys 12 Fluid Dynamics, is used to solve the governing conservation equations. Turbulence is modelled using the large eddy simulation, and the discrete particle model was used to predict the particle separation. Two hydrocyclones of differing geometries are explored, and the results compared with experimental values. It is shown that there are two key factors for obtaining a reliable result. The first is the domain discretisation, and the second is the generation of a consistent initial value, including the establishment of a stable air core. Using the methodology developed, superior agreement was obtained for predicted and experimental values of pressure, velocity distribution, air core profile and separation efficiency. © 2012 Canadian Society for Chemical Engineering
Erroneous Computer Electrocardiogram Interpretation of Atrial Fibrillation and Its Clinical Consequences
Authors: Bae Myung Hwan , Lee Jang Hoon , Yang Dong Heon , Park Hun Sik , Cho Yongkeun , Chae Shung Chull , Jun Jae‐Eun 
Published: May 2012

AbstractBackground:The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and nature of errors made by computer electrocardiogram (ECG) analysis of atrial fibrillation (AF), and the clinical consequences.Hypothesis:Computer software for interpreting ECGs has advanced.Methods:A total of 10279 ECGs were collected, automatically interpreted by the built‐in ECG software, and then reread by 2 cardiologists. AF‐related ECGs were classified into 3 groups: overinterpreted AF (rhythms other than AF interpreted as AF), misinterpreted AF (AF interpreted as rhythms other than AF), and true AF (AF interpreted as AF by both computer ECG interpretation and cardiologists).Results:There were 1057 AF‐related ECGs from 409 patients. Among these, 840 ECGs (79.5%) were true AF. Overinterpretation occurred in 98 (9.3%) cases. Sinus rhythm and sinus tachycardia with premature atrial contraction and/or baseline artifact and sinus arrhythmia were commonly overinterpreted as AF. Heart rate ≤60 bpm and baseline artifact significantly increased the likelihood of overinterpreted AF. Misdiagnosis occurred in 119 (11.3%) cases, in which AF was usually misdiagnosed as sinus or supraventricular tachycardia. The presence of tachycardia and low‐amplitude atrial activity significantly increased the likelihood of misdiagnosis of AF. Among the erroneous computer ECG interpretations, 17 cases (7.8%) were not corrected by the ordering physicians and/or repeat computer‐ECG interpretation; inappropriate follow‐up studies or treatments of the patients were undertaken with no serious sequelae.Conclusions:Erroneous computer ECG interpretation of AF was not rare. Attention should be concentrated on educating physicians about ECG appearance and confounding factors of AF, along with ongoing quality control of built‐in software for automatic ECG interpretation. Clin. Cardiol. 2012 DOI: 10.1002/clc.22000The authors have no funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose.
Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs and the risk of skin cancer
Authors: Johannesdottir Sigrun Alba , Chang Ellen T. , Mehnert Frank , Schmidt Morten , Olesen Anne Braae , Sørensen Henrik Toft 
Published: May 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND:Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may prevent the development of cancer by inhibiting cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, which are involved in carcinogenesis. Therefore, the authors of this report examined the association between NSAID use and the risk of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), basal cell carcinoma (BCC), and malignant melanoma (MM).METHODS:From 1991 through 2009, all incident cases of SCC (n = 1974), BCC (n = 13,316), and MM (n = 3242) in northern Denmark were identified. Approximately 10 population controls (n = 178,655) were matched to each case by age, gender, and county of residence. The use of aspirin, other nonselective NSAIDs, or selective COX‐2 inhibitors was ascertained through a prescription database. Conditional logistic regression analyses adjusted for potential confounders were used to compute odds ratios as estimates of incidence rate ratios (IRRs).RESULTS:For NSAIDs overall, ever use (>2 prescriptions) compared with nonuse (≤2 prescriptions) was associated with a decreased risk of SCC (IRR, 0.85; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.76‐0.94) and MM (IRR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.80‐0.95), especially for long‐term use (≥7 years) and high‐intensity use (>25% prescription coverage during the total duration of use). NSAID use was not associated with a reduced risk of BCC overall (IRR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.93‐1.01), but the risk of BCC at sites other than the head and neck was reduced in association with long‐term use (IRR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.76‐0.95) and high‐intensity use (IRR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.69‐0.91). All estimates of reduced risk were driven primarily by the use of nonselective NSAIDs and older COX‐2 inhibitors (diclofenac, etodolac, and meloxicam).CONCLUSIONS:The current results indicated that NSAID use may decrease the risk of SCC and MM. Cancer 2012. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
Surface Functionalization of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and their Stability in Different Media
Authors: Arndt Darius , Gesing Thorsten M. , Bäumer Marcus 
Published: May 2012

AbstractSize‐selective synthesis of very small iron oxide nanoparticles (IONP; 4–8 nm) was achieved by the thermal decomposition of iron acetylacetonate in diethylenglycol by a simple one‐pot reaction. The particles were functionalized on the one hand with poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) directly during the formation of the particles and on the other hand by a simple postsynthetic reaction with citrate, ascorbate, tartrate, dextran 60, gum Arabic, PVP, or poly(ethyleneglycol) (PEG). In view of medical and environmental applications, the stability of the particles was measured with dynamic light scattering in water as well as in physiological media containing buffers (4‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)‐1‐piperazineethanesulfonic acid (IP‐HEPES), phosphate buffered saline (PBS)), high salt concentrations (Elendt M7), or proteins (Dulbecco’s modified eagle medium (DMEM) with and without 10 % fetal calf serum (FCS)). The effect of the functionalization of the nanoparticles on the production of radical oxygen species (ROS) was investigated during the Fenton reaction, showing that the nature of the functionalization can raise the production of ROS drastically. To extend the range of applications, the one‐pot reaction with PVP was expanded by an additional step, allowing tagging of the particles with various fluorescein derivatives. In this way, fluorescent nanoparticles exhibiting emissions in the range of 475–553 nm were obtained.
Neonatal handling induces deficits in infant mother preference and adult partner preference
Authors: Raineki Charlis , Lutz Maiara Lenise , Sebben Vanise , Ribeiro Rosane Aparecida , Lucion Aldo Bolten 
Published: May 2012

AbstractNeonatal handling is an experimental procedure used to understand how early‐life adversity can negatively affect neurobehavioral development and place animals on a pathway to pathology. Decreased preference for the maternal odor during infancy is one of many behavioral deficits induced by neonatal handling. Here, we hypothesize that deficits in maternal odor preference may interfere with partner preference in the adult. To test this hypothesis, we assessed infant maternal odor preference and adult partner preference in different reproductive stages in both male and female rats that received neonatal handling. Our results indicate that only neonatally handled females present deficits in maternal odor preference during infancy, but both male and females present deficits in adult partner preference. However, sexual experience was effective in rescuing partner preference deficits in males. These results indicate that, considering infant and adult social interactions, females are more susceptible to the effects of neonatal handling than males. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 55: 496–507, 2013
Using clones and copper to resolve the genetic architecture of metal tolerance in a marine invader
Authors: McKenzie Louise A. , Johnston Emma L. , Brooks Robert 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe global spread of invasive species may be facilitated by adaptation to the practices that humans use to manage those species. For example, marine invertebrates that adapt to metal‐based antifouling biocides on ship hulls may be more likely to be introduced to and establish in metal‐polluted environments. We tested this idea by studying clonal variation in tolerance to, and ability to recover from, exposure to copper in a widespread invasive marine bryozoan, Watersipora subtorquata. We cloned colonies of this organism to independently test multiple environments in a genotype by environment design, and then created a genetic variance–covariance matrix. Genotypes were exposed to a gradient of copper concentrations and growth measured during exposure and after a recovery period. There was a significant genotype × environment interaction in growth during exposure and recovery. We found clonal variation in tolerance and ability to recover from exposure to copper, with growth during exposure apparently trading off against growth after exposure. A weak genetic correlation between growth during and after exposure further indicated that they are separate traits. Overall, the genetic variation within this population indicates that there is considerable potential for adaptation to copper, but this comes at a cost to growth in unpolluted environments.
A time‐series model for assessing instantaneous physical conditions in carp habitats
Authors: Li J. , Xia Z. , Wang Y. 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACTThe four main Chinese carps, collectively abbreviated as MCHA, include the black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus), grass carp (Ctenop haryngodon idellus), silver carp (Hypoph thal michthys molitrix), and the big‐head carp (Aristichyths nobilis). MCHA constitutes a significant catch of China's fresh water fishery. The construction of the Gezhouba and Three Gorges Dams greatly affects the physical habitat conditions of these four main carp species. This paper presents a time‐series model for the assessment of instantaneous physical conditions in MCHA habitats. The model incorporates the effects of various hydrological variables (e.g. water level fluctuation, water temperature and sediment concentration) on MCHA habitat quality. The model is tested for the Yichang‐Zhijiang reaches of the Yangtze River – a suitable region for analysing the effects of dam construction on the physical conditions of MCHA habitat. The model analyses instream ecological flow (IEF) characteristics of the study area in the spawning season of MCHA. On the basis of the analysis, the min, max and optimal IEFs are 6200, 51000 and 14 500 m3/s, respectively. The model introduces an efficient method for calculating the instantaneous habitat area on the basis of IEF and other physical conditions. If properly applied, the model is an efficient tool for assessing the effects of variations in flow conditions on MCHA habitat quality. The model could also be used in real time to analyse the combined effect of ecological regulations (e.g. as induced by the Three Gorges and Gezhouba Dams) on MCHA spawning conditions. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
pH‐Dependent Imidazolato Bridge Formation in Dicopper Complexes: Magnetic, Electrochemical, and Catalytic Repercussions
Authors: Monte‐Pérez Inés , Sosa Ana M. , Bernès Sylvain , Aliaga‐Alcalde Núria , Ugalde‐Saldívar Víctor M. , Gasque Laura 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe dicopper complexes of two dinucleating ligands derived from 2‐methylimidazole and 2 equiv. of an L‐amino acid are presented (H3bphenim derived from L‐phenylalanine and H3bleuim derived from L‐leucine). For each ligand L, three different protonation states for the complex, Cu2HL2+, Cu2L+, and Cu2LOH, have been characterized in solution by potentiometric, spectrophotometric, and electrochemical techniques. X‐ray diffraction studies enabled the characterization, in the solid state, of the [Cu2(bphenim)]+ and [Cu2Hbleuim]2+ cations. Magnetic measurements showed that while only a very slight coupling could be detected in [Cu2Hbleuim]2+, [Cu2(bphenim)]+ is strongly antiferromagnetically coupled. The extent of this coupling can also be appreciated from room temperature, pH‐dependent EPR spectroscopic studies, where the signal is quenched at pH values where the imidazolato‐bridged species is predominant. These observations are consistent with the cyclic voltammetric studies. The catecholase activity of the complexes in the form [Cu2L]+ is low, however, an important increase in activity is observed above pH = 8.5 where the concentration of the species [Cu2LOH] starts to become significant.
Metal Complexation of a D‐Ribose‐Based Ligand Decoded by Experimental and Theoretical Studies
Authors: Cisnetti Federico , Maréchal Jean‐Didier , Nicaise Magali , Guillot Régis , Desmadril Michel , Lambert François , Policar Clotilde 
Published: May 2012

AbstractA combination of experimental and theoretical methods have been used to elucidate the complexation properties of a new sugar‐derived hexadentate ligand, namely methyl 2,3,4‐tri‐O‐(2‐picolyl)‐β‐D‐ribopyranoside (L). The coordination bond lengths in the complexes with MnII, CoII, NiII, and ZnII show substantial deviations from ideal octahedra with deformation towards trigonal‐prismatic geometries, which is indicative of a conformationally constrained ligand. The metal‐cation–ligand interactions were studied for L and the acyclic analogue L′ [1,2,3‐tri‐O‐(2‐picolyl)‐1,2,3‐propanetriol] by spectroscopic methods and isothermal calorimetric titrations for the series MnII, CoII, NiII, ZnII, and CuII. The results indicate a stabilization of the complexes obtained with L compared with L′, depending on the nature of the metal. Molecular modeling studies showed that the presence of the sugar moiety strongly favors conformations compatible with metal binding, which suggests an entropic origin of the stabilization of L complexes with regards to L′ complexes. Moreover, the differences in the metal chelation profiles of L and L′ are related to the constraints in the sugar group in the metal‐bound structures. This study shows that foreseeing the degree of preorganization of flexible ligands may drive the design of a new generation of chelating compounds.
Meiotic chromosome number and behaviour of Onobrychis alborzensis (Fabaceae): a new species from northern Iran
Authors: Ranjbar Massoud , Hajmoradi Fatemeh , Karamian Roya 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe present study is focused on the cytogenetic and morphological criteria for distinguishing a new taxon belonging to Onobrychis sect. Hymenobrychis. The new species, O. alborzensis RANJBAR & HAJMORADI is described from Alborz Province and illustrated. It is closely related to O. talagonica RECH. F. and O. michauxii DC., but differs from them in a few morphological characters such as plant indumentum, stipule size and shape and size of the leaflets, standard and calyx. Meiotic chromosome number and behaviour were studied in O. alborzensis and O. talagonica. This report is the first cytogenetic analysis of these taxa. O. alborzensis is a diploid plant and possesses the chromosome number 2n = 2x = 14, inconsistent with the base number of O. talagonica witch shows 2n = 2x = 16. The general meiotic behaviour in both species was regular, with bivalent pairing and normal chromosome segregation at meiosis. However, some meiotic abnormalities were observed including varied degrees of sticky chromosomes with laggards, precocious division of centromeres in metaphase I, bridges in anaphase I, laggard chromosomes, micronucleus, asynchronous nucleus, cytomixis and tripolar cells in telophase II. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
WATER CONSERVATION AROUND HOMES—THE ROLE OF AUDIT IN IMPROVING IRRIGATION SYSTEM PERFORMANCE
Authors: Maheshwari B. 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACTA methodology for an audit of irrigation systems, originally developed for public open spaces and commercial landscape irrigation systems was used in this study of residential irrigation systems at 50 home sites in the Sydney Metropolitan area, Australia. The audit aimed to evaluate the influence of the irrigation system on water use efficiency, rather than the management or operation of the system. The audit identified design, installation and maintenance issues, evaluated system performance and identified opportunities for improving water use efficiency. The study highlighted that there are relatively few well‐designed systems in operation, that a typical homeowner has limited knowledge of how to design and manage an irrigation system, and that the maintenance of systems is usually forgotten. Overall, the irrigation system audit can be a useful tool in identifying irrigation system faults and issues that impact on the effectiveness of outdoor home watering. A modified audit process, involving a checklist of the systems, would yield useful information for homeowners, particularly if it contained information on what was working, what was not working and recommendations on what needed to be fixed up or improved. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
p38 Inhibitor SB203580 sensitizes the resveratrol‐induced apoptosis in human lung adenocarcinoma (A549) cells
Authors: Li Haiyang , Wang Xiaoping , Chen Tongsheng , Qu Junle 
Published: May 2012

AbstractBased on our recent findings that resveratrol, a natural plant polyphenol found in red grape skins as well as other food products, induces apoptosis via a caspase‐independent intrinsic pathway in human lung adenocarcinoma cells, this study is designed to explore whether SB203580, a p38 inhibitor, potentiates the resveratrol‐induced apoptosis of human lung adenocarcinoma (A549) cells. We found that pretreatment with SB203580 enhanced the resveratrol‐induced apoptosis by accelerating the intrinsic apoptotic pathway including Bax activation, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, and activation of both caspase‐9 and −3. Although treatment with resveratrol alone did not induce caspase‐8 activation, cotreatment with both SB203580 and resveratrol not only enhanced FasL cleavage but also activated caspase‐8, indicating that the extrinsic apoptotic pathway may be involved in the synergistic effect. Collectively, we for the first time demonstrate that SB203580 synergistically enhances the resveratrol‐induced apoptosis by accelerating Bax‐mediated intrinsic pathway and initiating extrinsic pathway, suggesting a possible alternative therapeutic strategy for human lung cancer. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 26:251–257, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/jbt.21413
Antigenotoxic properties of two newly synthesized β‐aminoketones against N‐methyl‐N′‐nitro‐N‐nitrosoguanidine and 9‐aminoacridine‐induced mutagenesis
Authors: Ozturkcan S. Arda , Turhan Kadir , Turgut Zuhal , Karadayi Mehmet , Gulluce Medine 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the antigenotoxic potential of two newly synthesized β‐aminoketones against N‐methyl‐N′‐nitro‐N‐nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) and 9‐aminoacridine (9‐AA)‐induced mutagenesis. The mutant bacterial tester strains were MNNG‐sensitive Escherichia coli WP2 uvrA and 9‐AA‐sensitive Salmonella typhimurium TA1537. Both test compounds showed significant antimutagenic activity at various tested concentrations. The inhibition rates ranged from 29.5% (compound 1: 2 mM/plate) to 47.5% (compound 2: 1.5 mM/plate) for MNNG and from 25.0% (compound 2: 1 mM/plate) to 52.1% (compound 2: 2.5 mM/plate) for 9‐AA genotoxicity. Moreover, the mutagenicity of the test compounds was investigated by using the same strains. Neither test compound has mutagenic properties on the bacterial strains at the tested concentrations. Thus, the findings of the present study give valuable information about chemical prevention from MNNG and 9‐AA genotoxicity by using synthetic β‐aminoketones. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 26:258–263, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/jbt.21414
Study on organochlorine pesticide levels in chronic kidney disease patients: Association with estimated glomerular filtration rate and oxidative stress
Authors: Siddharth Manushi , Datta Sudip K. , Bansal Savita , Mustafa Mohammad , Banerjee Basu D. , Kalra Om P. , Tripathi Ashok K. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractNephrotoxicity of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) has been established in experimental animal models. This study was designed to evaluate the relationship of the blood OCPs level with the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and oxidative stress (OS) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Patients in different stages of CKD (n = 150) and age, sex matched healthy controls (n = 96) were recruited. The blood OCPs level were analyzed by gas chromatography, and plasma levels of several OS parameters such as malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl, advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), and total thiols were quantified by standard spectrophotometric methods. We observed significantly higher levels of hexachlorocyclohexane (α, γ), endosulfan, aldrin, p,p′‐dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), and total pesticides in CKD patients. Negative correlation was also observed for aldrin, p,p′‐DDE and total pesticides (p < 0.05) with eGFR. Plasma levels of MDA and AOPP showed significant positive association with the total pesticides level, indicating augmentation of OS with increased accumulation of OCPs in CKD patients. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 26:241–247, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/jbt.21416