bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Production universitaire et sanctions éditoriales
Authors: Auerbach Bruno 
Published: July 2009

Résumé Résumé : La politique actuelle de « rationalisation » et de standardisation des procédures d'évaluation de la recherche à travers le classement des revues et la mesure de la productivité des chercheurs néglige la place centrale que continue d'occuper le livre dans la gamme des supports de communication des travaux en sciences humaines et sociales. La réflexion sur les modalités de prise en compte des ouvrages souligne les impensés socioéconomiques de l'usage gestionnaire de la démarche scientométrique mais aussi les limites des procédures collégiales classiques d'évaluation.
Efficacité des thérapies familiales systémiques
Authors: Hendrick Stéphan 
Published: July 2009

L’auteur dresse l’état des lieux concernant la recherche sur l’efficacité des thérapies familiales et conjugales, systémiques. Les approches « classiques » n’ont pas fait l’objet d’études contrôlées jusque dans les années 1990. Toutefois, la situation s’est progressivement modifiée. De nouveaux modèles « intégrés » ont été développés et évalués, essentiellement avec des enfants et adolescents – et leur famille – présentant des troubles des conduites ou d’assuétude. Un modèle retient plus particulièrement notre attention : la BFST (Brief Strategic Family Therapy). Ce modèle intègre l’approche structurale de Minuchin et Fishman et l’approche stratégique de Haley. Les études concernant ce modèle constituent par conséquent la première mise à l’épreuve des approches systémiques « classiques ». L’auteur dirige ensuite l’attention sur les processus thérapeutiques réputés efficaces. Il apparaît que ce qui est efficace, ce n’est pas une technique mais un ensemble de techniques combinées. Par ailleurs, il semble que les modèles théoriques surévaluent les effets de leurs techniques spécifiques. L’article se termine sur un constat : chaque modèle a tout intérêt à s’ouvrir à certaines pratiques issues d’autres approches.
L'étude intensive de cas dans la recherche sur les modérateurs et les médiateurs du changement activé par une thérapie familiale
Authors: Duriez Nathalie 
Published: July 2009

Cet article explicite pourquoi et comment l’étude intensive de cas est une méthodologie pertinente pour évaluer les modérateurs et les médiateurs du changement en thérapie familiale. Dans une perspective systémique, l’étude de cas doit être construite à partir de trois points de vue : celui de la famille, celui du thérapeute et celui du chercheur. Le cas de la thérapie C. présenté en illustration montre l’importance de la motivation chez la famille, de l’engagement chez le thérapeute et de la qualité de la relation thérapeutique. Ces médiateurs vont renforcer les effets de deux autres médiateurs : le recadrage systémique et la provocation.
Cryopreservation of Dissociated Human Embryonic Stem Cells in the Presence of ROCK Inhibitor
Authors: Martín‐Ibáñez Raquel , Strömberg Anne Marie , Hovatta Outi , Canals Josep M. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractTwo different methods have been adopted for the cryopreservation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs): vitrification and conventional slow freezing/rapid thawing. However, these methods present poor viability and high differentiation rates. Therefore, the development of an efficient cryopreservation protocol for hESCs is one of the major challenges for the application of these cells in clinical therapy and regenerative medicine. A novel method for the cryopreservation of dissociated hESCs in the presence of a selective Rho‐associated kinase (ROCK) inhibitor that increases cell survival and the efficiency of colony formation of cryopreserved hESCs has been developed. Moreover, this protocol improves the existing methods presenting short recovery times and hardly any differentiation rates. Thus, an easy handling protocol that allows the cryopreservation of large amounts of hESCs is described. Curr. Protoc. Stem Cell Biol. 10:1C.8.1‐1C.8.15. © 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Arrays of Inorganic Nanodots and Nanowires Using Nanotemplates Based on Switchable Block Copolymer Supramolecular Assemblies
Authors: Nandan Bhanu , Gowd E. Bhoje , Bigall Nadja C. , Eychmüller Alexander , Formanek Petr , Simon Paul , Stamm Manfred 
Published: July 2009

AbstractHere, a novel and simple route to fabricate highly dense arrays of palladium nanodots and nanowires with sub‐30 nm periodicity using nanoporous templates fabricated from supramolecular assemblies of a block copolymer, polystyrene‐block‐poly(4‐vinylpyridine) (PS‐b‐P4VP) and a low molecular weight additive, 2‐(4′‐hydroxybenzeneazo) benzoic acid (HABA) is demonstrated. The palladium nanoparticles, which are directly deposited in the nanoporous templates from an aqueous solution, selectively migrate in the pores mainly due to their preferential attraction to the P4VP block covering the pore wall. The polymer template is then removed by oxygen plasma etching or pyrolysis in air resulting in palladium nanostructures whose large scale morphology mirrors that of the original template. The method adopted in this work is general and versatile so that it could easily be extended for patterning a variety of metallic materials into dot and wire arrays.
Progress with Molecular Electronic Junctions: Meeting Experimental Challenges in Design and Fabrication
Authors: McCreery Richard L. , Bergren Adam Johan 
Published: July 2009

AbstractMolecular electronics seeks to incorporate molecular components as functional elements in electronic devices. There are numerous strategies reported to date for the fabrication, design, and characterization of such devices, but a broadly accepted example showing structure‐dependent conductance behavior has not yet emerged. This progress report focuses on experimental methods for making both single‐molecule and ensemble molecular junctions, and highlights key results from these efforts. Based on some general objectives of the field, particular experiments are presented to show progress in several important areas, and also to define those areas that still need attention. Some of the variable behavior of ostensibly similar junctions reported in the literature is attributable to differences in the way the junctions are fabricated. These differences are due, in part, to the multitude of methods for supporting the molecular layer on the substrate, including methods that utilize physical adsorption and covalent bonds, and to the numerous strategies for making top contacts. After discussing recent experimental progress in molecular electronics, an assessment of the current state of the field is presented, along with a proposed road map that can be used to assess progress in the future.
ZnO Nanostructures for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Zhang Qifeng , Dandeneau Christopher S. , Zhou Xiaoyuan , Cao Guozhong 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThis Review focuses on recent developments in the use of ZnO nanostructures for dye‐sensitized solar cell (DSC) applications. It is shown that carefully designed and fabricated nanostructured ZnO films are advantageous for use as a DSC photoelectrode as they offer larger surface areas than bulk film material, direct electron pathways, or effective light‐scattering centers, and, when combined with TiO2, produce a core–shell structure that reduces the combination rate. The limitations of ZnO‐based DSCs are also discussed and several possible methods are proposed so as to expand the knowledge of ZnO to TiO2, motivating further improvement in the power‐conversion efficiency of DSCs.
Thermodynamics of Nanosystems with a Special View to Charge Carriers
Authors: Maier Joachim 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBasic ingredients of interfacial thermodynamics are recapitulated with a special eye on the nanometer‐size regime. Questions are then briefly tackled that arise if, in heterogeneous systems, the constituent phases shrink to atomistic dimensions. Particularly helpful in this context are thermodynamic approaches, in which the introduction of interfacial tension is avoided. While the first part addresses ground structure quantities, the second part deals with questions of size and confinement effects on entropy and energy of ionic and electronic defects. These defects represent the respective excitations within this ground structure. The article emphasizes the similarities between ions and electrons manifested in the statistics rather than elaborating on the discrepancies that are primarily reflected by different densities of states and mobilities. It is, therefore, not the intention of the article to address aspects of nanoelectronics that rely on quantum transport for which many reviews are available. Nonetheless all these discussed aspects are directly relevant for both nanoionics and nanoelectronics.
Molecular simulation of ammonia absorption in the ionic liquid 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([emim][Tf2N])
Authors: Shi Wei , Maginn Edward J. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractIsotherms for ammonia absorption in the ionic liquid 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([emim][Tf2N]) are computed at temperatures ranging from 298 K to 348 K using osmotic ensemble Monte Carlo simulations. The results agree well with previous experimental measurements. Activity coefficients vary from 0.5 to 0.8, indicating negative deviations from Raoult's Law. The computed enthalpy of mixing ranges from −2 to −11 kJ/mol. Computed partial molar volumes are on the order of 25–30 cm3/mol. Energy and radial distribution analyses indicate that ammonia interacts more strongly with the cation than the anion, in contrast to observations made of other gases in ionic liquids such as CO2. The reason for this behavior is that ammonia forms a strong hydrogen bond with the ring hydrogen atoms of the cation. The simulations predict that strategies aimed at changing the solubility of ammonia should focus on altering the hydrogen bond donating ability of the cation, and that altering the anion will have more modest effects. It is shown that this hypothesis is consistent with available experimental data. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2009
The relative role of drift and selection in shaping the human skull
Authors: Betti Lia , Balloux François , Hanihara Tsunehiko , Manica Andrea 
Published: July 2009

AbstractHuman populations across the world vary greatly in cranial morphology. It is highly debated to what extent this variability has accumulated through neutral processes (genetic drift) or through natural selection driven by climate. By taking advantage of recent work showing that geographic distance along landmasses is an excellent proxy for neutral genetic differentiation, we quantify the relative role of drift versus selection in an exceptionally large dataset of human skulls. We show that neutral processes have been much more important than climate in shaping the human cranium. We further demonstrate that a large proportion of the signal for natural selection comes from populations from extremely cold regions. More generally, we show that, if drift is not explicitly accounted for, the effect of natural selection can be greatly overestimated. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
How and why do college students use Wikipedia?
Authors: Lim Sook 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe purposes of this study were to explore college students' perceptions, uses of, and motivations for using Wikipedia, and to understand their information behavior concerning Wikipedia based on social cognitive theory (SCT). A Web survey was used to collect data in the spring of 2008. The study sample consisted of students from an introductory undergraduate course at a large public university in the midwestern United States. A total of 134 students participated in the study, resulting in a 32.8% response rate. The major findings of the study include the following: Approximately one‐third of the students reported using Wikipedia for academic purposes. The students tended to use Wikipedia for quickly checking facts and finding background information. They had positive past experiences with Wikipedia; however, interestingly, their perceptions of its information quality were not correspondingly high. The level of their confidence in evaluating Wikipedia's information quality was, at most, moderate. Respondents' past experience with Wikipedia, their positive emotional state, their disposition to believe information in Wikipedia, and information utility were positively related to their outcome expectations of Wikipedia. However, among the factors affecting outcome expectations, only information utility and respondents' positive emotions toward Wikipedia were related to their use of it. Further, when all of the independent variables, including the mediator, outcome expectations, were considered, only the variable information utility was related to Wikipedia use, which may imply a limited applicability of SCT to understanding Wikipedia use. However, more empirical evidence is needed to determine the applicability of this theory to Wikipedia use. Finally, this study supports the knowledge value of Wikipedia (Fallis, 2008), despite students' cautious attitudes toward Wikipedia. The study suggests that educators and librarians need to provide better guidelines for using Wikipedia, rather than prohibiting Wikipedia use altogether.
An extensive study on automated Dewey Decimal Classification
Authors: Wang Jun 
Published: July 2009

AbstractIn this paper, we present a theoretical analysis and extensive experiments on the automated assignment of Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) classes to bibliographic data with a supervised machine‐learning approach. Library classification systems, such as the DDC, impose great obstacles on state‐of‐art text categorization (TC) technologies, including deep hierarchy, data sparseness, and skewed distribution. We first analyze statistically the document and category distributions over the DDC, and discuss the obstacles imposed by bibliographic corpora and library classification schemes on TC technology. To overcome these obstacles, we propose an innovative algorithm to reshape the DDC structure into a balanced virtual tree by balancing the category distribution and flattening the hierarchy. To improve the classification effectiveness to a level acceptable to real‐world applications, we propose an interactive classification model that is able to predict a class of any depth within a limited number of user interactions. The experiments are conducted on a large bibliographic collection created by the Library of Congress within the science and technology domains over 10 years. With no more than three interactions, a classification accuracy of nearly 90% is achieved, thus providing a practical solution to the automatic bibliographic classification problem.
Visual overviews for discovering key papers and influences across research fronts
Authors: Aris Aleks , Shneiderman Ben , Qazvinian Vahed , Radev Dragomir 
Published: July 2009

AbstractGaining a rapid overview of an emerging scientific topic, sometimes called research fronts, is an increasingly common task due to the growing amount of interdisciplinary collaboration. Visual overviews that show temporal patterns of paper publication and citation links among papers can help researchers and analysts to see the rate of growth of topics, identify key papers, and understand influences across subdisciplines. This article applies a novel network‐visualization tool based on meaningful layouts of nodes to present research fronts and show citation links that indicate influences across research fronts. To demonstrate the value of two‐dimensional layouts with multiple regions and user control of link visibility, we conducted a design‐oriented, preliminary case study with 6 domain experts over a 4‐month period. The main benefits were being able (a) to easily identify key papers and see the increasing number of papers within a research front, and (b) to quickly see the strength and direction of influence across related research fronts.
Loads of special authorship functions: Linear growth in the percentage of “equal first authors” and corresponding authors
Authors: Hu Xiaojun 
Published: July 2009

AbstractWe show that between 1999 and 2008 the percentage of articles with more than one corresponding author or with several authors that contributed equally, leading to so‐called “equal first authors,” has steadily been on the rise. Increasing numbers of corresponding authors and equally contributing authors may lead to increased stress on teamwork if not properly acknowledged in research evaluation exercises.
Specific DNA G‐quadruplexes bind to ethanolamines
Authors: Cheng Xiaohong , Liu Xiangjun , Bing Tao , Zhao Rui , Xiong Shaoxiang , Shangguan Dihua 
Published: July 2009

AbstractA significant number of G‐quadruplex‐forming sequences have been revealed in human genome by bioinformatic searches, implying that G‐quadruplexes may be involved in important biological processes and may be new chemotherapeutic targets. Therefore, it is important to discover the potential interactions of G‐quadruplexes with other molecules or groups. Here we describe a class of G‐quadruplexes, which can bind to ethanolamine groups that widely exist in biomolecules and drug molecules. The specific interaction of these G‐quadruplexes with ethanolamine groups was identified by high performance affinity chromatography (HPAC) using immobilized ethanolamine and diethanolamine as stationary phase reagents. The circular dichroism (CD) spectra and native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) show that these ethanolamine binding quadruplexes adopt an intramolecularly parallel structure. The relationship of ethanolamine binding and G‐quadruplexe structure provides new clues for the G‐quadruplex‐related studies as well as for the molecular designs of therapeutic reagents. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 91: 874–883, 2009.This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com
Simple and accurate modeling of the output transition time in nanometer CMOS gates
Authors: Alioto Massimo , Palumbo Gaetano , Poli Massimo 
Published: July 2009

AbstractIn this paper, a model of the output transition time on nanometer CMOS gates is proposed. The development of this model follows the general approach used by Auvergne in (IEE Electron. Lett.2002;38(4):175–177,IEEE Trans. Circuits Systems—part I2000;47(9):1362–1369,IEEE Proc. ISCAS2001;5:363–366,IEEE Trans. Computer‐Aided Design Integr. Circuits Systems2002;21(11):1352–1363), which separately models the output transition time under fast and slow inputs. The proposed model is based on a combined transient and DC circuit analysis, and requires a few simulations. This approach allows for strongly reducing the number of required parameters and simulations compared with other models proposed in the literature.The analytical model proposed is very simple and has a clear physical meaning, thereby allowing an efficient implementation in CAD tools performing timing analysis, as well as an easy scalability through different processes and technology generations. Spectre simulations on a 65 nm CMOS technology and the 45, 32, 22 nm Berkeley Predictive Technology Models (BPTM) [Berkeley Predictive Technology Model (BPTM). ONLINE@11/25/2008:http://www.eas.asu.edu/∼ptm/] show that the model accuracy is the same as the state‐of‐the‐art models, with an average error of only 4%. Comparison with currently used table‐based models showed also a significant reduction in the CPU time needed to simulate and characterize CMOS logic gates. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Scalable analysis of flow cytometry data using R/Bioconductor
Authors: Klinke David J. , Brundage Kathleen M. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractFlow cytometry is one of the fundamental research tools available to the life scientist. The ability to observe multidimensional changes in protein expression and activity at single‐cell resolution for a large number of cells provides a unique perspective on the behavior of cell populations. However, the analysis of complex multidimensional data is one of the obstacles for wider use of polychromatic flow cytometry. Recent enhancements to an open‐source platform—R/Bioconductor—enable the graphical and data analysis of flow cytometry data. Prior examples have focused on high‐throughput applications. To facilitate wider use of this platform for flow cytometry, the analysis of a dataset, obtained following isolation of CD4+CD62L+T cells from Balb/c splenocytes using magnetic microbeads, is presented as a form of tutorial. A common workflow for analyzing flow cytometry data was presented using R/Bioconductor. In addition, density function estimation and principal component analysis are provided as examples of more complex analyses. The compendium presented here is intended to help illuminate a path for inquisitive readers to explore their own data using R/Bioconductor (available as Supporting Information). © 2009 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Clonal B‐cell population in a reactive lymph node in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
Authors: Cozzolino Immacolata , Nappa Salvatore , Picardi Marco , De Renzo Amalia , Troncone Giancarlo , Palombini Lucio , Zeppa Pio 
Published: July 2009

AbstractA 40‐year‐old female, HIV positive, stage C, since 4 years, complained of a right cervical lymph node swelling. Two years before, the patient had been diagnosed with follicular B‐cell non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (FL); she had been treated with four cycles of multiagent chemotherapy plus rituximab, the last cycle being administered 10 months before coming to our attention. An ultrasound (US) guided fine‐needle cytology (FNC) showed an atypical lymphoid cell proliferation. The phenotype evidenced by flow cytometry (FC) analysis was D5: 10%, CD19: 49%, CD23: 10%, FMC7: 0%, CD10: 40%, CD10/19: 40%, lambda light chain 40%, kappa light chain 0%. FDG‐positron emission tomography (PET/CT) scan showed positivity in the corresponding cervical area. Since low LDH values and a reduced lymph node size were observed, the lymph node was therefore excised; the histology revealed a reactive hyperplastic lymph node with florid follicular pattern. A subsequent PCR analysis, performed on DNA extracted from a whole histological section, did not evidence IgH rearrangement. The patient is currently undergoing strict clinical and instrumental follow‐up, including PET every 3 months; after 13 months, she is alive without recurrence of lymphoma. Clonal B‐cell populations in non‐lymphomatous processes have been described in mucosa‐associated lymphoid cell populations and reactive lymph nodes, and are considered non‐malignant, antigen driven, proliferations of B‐lymphocytes determined by an abnormal response to bacterial or viral antigen stimulation. The present case occurred in an HIV patient and was clinically complex because of the patient's history of FL. This experience suggests much attention in the evaluation of radiological, cytological, and FC data and in clinical correlation in patients suffering from autoimmune or immunodeficiency syndromes. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.