bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endovascular Cerebral Protection and Revascularization of Innominate Artery Stenosis Through Single‐Site Access, with Device Entrapment and Rescue: Technical Case Report
Authors: Gordhan Ajeet 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTWe describe a novel technique for cerebral embolic device placement with inadvertent entrapment and subsequent rescue in the endovascular treatment of innominate artery stenosis. A 62‐year‐old female presented with symptomatic right‐sided subclavian steal syndrome. Single‐site access for revascularization of critical innominate artery stenosis with simultaneous cerebral embolic protection performed for this diagnosis has not been previously reported. Initial nontarget self‐expanding stent deployment within the right subclavian artery resulted in entrapment of the embolic protection device. The device was retrieved through snare fixation and resheathing within a 6‐French guide catheter navigated through common femoral artery access. Innominate artery balloon‐mounted stent angioplasty was performed preceded by the embolic device retrieval, with complete resolution of symptoms. Endovascular distal protection device placement for prevention of cerebral atherothromboembolism during innominate artery stent angioplasty is not without risk and utilization needs to be carefully considered.
Determination of Language Dominance: Wada Test and fMRI Compared Using a Novel Sentence Task
Authors: Gutbrod Klemens , Spring Dominik , Degonda Nadia , Heinemann Dörthe , Nirkko Arto , Hauf Martinus , Ozdoba Christoph , Schnider Armin , Schroth Gerhard , Wiest Roland 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEThis study aimed to develop a new linguistic based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)‐sentence decision task that reliably detects hemispheric language dominance.METHODSFMRI was performed in 13 healthy right‐handed controls and 20 patients at 1.5 T prior to neurosurgery. The main components of language were assessed with different paradigms (rhyme, synonym, and sentence). In controls, activations were quantified by a volume of interest analysis. Four neuroimagers tested a visual rating score in the patients group. Interrater agreement and concordance between fMRI and Wada test were calculated.RESULTSIn healthy controls, the frontal language area was activated by the sentence and synonym task in 100% and in 73% by the rhyme task. The temporal language area was activated in 100% by the sentence‐, in 64% by the synonym, and in 55% by the rhyme task.In the patients group, interrater agreement was .90 for activations in the inferior frontal and .97 in the superior temporal gyrus. Correlation between the WADA test and fMRI was .86 for the sentence, and .89 for the synonym task.CONCLUSIONSThe sentence task provides robust activations in putative essential language areas and can be used for visual analysis of predefined areas to facilitate interpretation of clinical fMRI.
Trichostatin A induces 5‐lipoxygenase promoter activity and mRNA expression via inhibition of histone deacetylase 2 and 3
Authors: Pufahl Laura , Katryniok Careen , Schnur Nicole , Sorg Bernd L. , Metzner Julia , Grez Manuel , Steinhilber Dieter 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe 5‐lipoxygenase (5‐LO) is the key enzyme in the formation of leukotrienes. We have previously shown that the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA) activates 5‐LO transcription via recruitment of Sp1, Sp3 and RNA polymerase II to the proximal promoter. To identify the HDACs involved in the regulation of 5‐LO promoter activity isoform‐specific HDAC inhibitors were applied. 5‐LO promoter activity and mRNA expression were up‐regulated by the class I HDAC inhibitors apicidin and MS‐275 but not by class II inhibitors. Knockdown of HDAC 1, 2 and 3 revealed that HDAC2 and HDAC3 but not HDAC1 is involved in the up‐regulation of 5‐LO mRNA expression. To analyse the chromatin modifications at the 5‐LO promoter associated with HDAC inhibition, the time course of 5‐LO mRNA induction by trichostatin A was investigated and the concomitant changes in histone modifications at the 5‐LO promoter in HL‐60, U937 and Mono Mac6 cells were determined. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis revealed that trichostatin A increases acetylation of histones H3 and H4 at the 5‐LO core promoter in HL‐60 and U937 cells whereas no significant changes were observed in Mono Mac6 cells. The appearance of H3 and H4 acetylation preceded the 5‐LO mRNA induction whereas in all three cell lines, induction of 5‐LO mRNA expression correlated with histone H3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3), a marker for transcriptional activity of gene promoters.
Lysophosphatidylcholine inhibits membrane‐associated SNARE complex disassembly
Authors: Shin Leah , Wang Sunxi , Lee Jin‐Sook , Flack Amanda , Mao Guangzhao , Jena Bhanu P. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIn cells, N‐ethylmaleimide‐sensitive factor (NSF) attachment protein receptors called SNAREs are involved in membrane fusion. In neurons, for example, target membrane proteins SNAP‐25 and syntaxin called t‐SNAREs present at the pre‐synaptic membrane, and a synaptic vesicle‐associated membrane protein (VAMP) or v‐SNARE, is part of the conserved protein complex involved in neurotransmission. Cholesterol and LPC (L‐α‐lysophosphatidylcholine) are known to contribute to the negative and positive curvature respectively of membranes. In this study, using purified recombinant neuronal membrane‐associated SNAREs, we demonstrate for the first time that membrane‐curvature‐influencing lipids profoundly influence SNARE complex disassembly. Exposure of cholesterol‐associated t‐SNARE and v‐SNARE liposome mixtures to NSF–ATP results in dissociated vesicles. In contrast, exposure of LPC‐associated t‐SNARE and v‐SNARE liposome mixtures to NSF–ATP, results in inhibition of t‐/v‐SNARE disassembly and the consequent accumulation of clustered vesicles. Similarly, exposure of isolated rat brain slices and pancreas to cholesterol or LPC, also demonstrates LPC‐induced inhibition of SNARE complex disassembly. Earlier studies demonstrate a strong correlation between altered plasma LPC levels and cancer. The altered plasma LPC levels observed in various cancers may in part contribute to defects in SNARE assembly–disassembly and membrane fusion, consequently affecting protein maturation and secretion in cancer cells.
Basement membrane collagen type IV expression by human mesenchymal stem cells during adipogenic differentiation
Authors: Sillat Tarvo , Saat Riste , Pöllänen Raimo , Hukkanen Mika , Takagi Michiaki , Konttinen Yrjö T. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractDuring adipogenic differentiation human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) produce collagen type IV. In immunofluorescence staining differentiating hMSCs started to express collagen type IV when Oil Red O‐positive fat droplets appeared intracellularly. Quantitative real time‐polymerase chain reaction confirmed progressive increase of collagen type IV α1 and α2 mRNA levels over time, 18.6‐ and 12.2‐fold by day 28, respectively, whereas the copy numbers of α3–α6 mRNAs remained rather stable and low. Type IV collagen was in confocal laser scanning microscopy seen around adipocytes, where also laminins and nidogen were found, suggesting pericellular deposition of all key components of the fully developed basement membrane. Immunofluorescence staining of matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP‐2, 72 kD type IV collagenase, gelatinase A) and MMP‐9 (92 kD type IV collagenase, gelatinase B) disclosed only faint staining of MSCs, but MMP‐9 was strongly induced during adipogenesis, whereas MSC supernatants disclosed in zymography pro‐MMP‐2 and faint pro‐MMP‐9 bands, which increased over time, with partial conversion of pro‐MMP‐2 to its active 62 kD form. Differentiation was associated with increasing membrane type 1‐MMP/MMP‐14 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase‐2 (TIMP‐2) staining, which may enable participation of type IV collagenases in basement membrane remodelling via ternary MT1‐MMP/TIMP‐2/MMP‐2 or −9 complexes, focalizing the fully active enzyme to the cell surface. MMP‐9, which increased more in immunofluorescence staining, was perhaps preferentially bound to cell surface and/or remodelling adipocyte basement membrane. These results suggest that upon MSC‐adipocyte differentiation collagen type IV synthesis and remodelling become necessary when intracellular accumulation of fat necessitates a dynamically supporting and instructive, partly denatured adipogenic pericellular type IV collagen scaffold.
The relation of psychological distress to salivary and serum cortisol levels in pregnant women shortly after the diagnosis of a structural fetal anomaly
Authors: KAASEN ANNE , HELBIG ANNE , MALT ULRIK F. , GODANG KRISTIN , BOLLERSLEV JENS , NÆS TORMOD , HAUGEN GUTTORM 
Published: September 2011

AbstractObjective. To examine the association between psychological distress and levels of salivary cortisol (SalC) and the ratio of serum cortisol to cortisol‐binding globulin (SC/CBG) in pregnant women shortly after the diagnosis of a structural fetal anomaly. Design. A prospective, observational study. Setting. Tertiary referral center for fetal medicine. Population. Pregnant women with (study group, n=126) and without a fetal structural anomaly (comparison group, n=106) were included. Gestational age (GA) was >12weeks. Methods. Psychological distress was assessed by Impact of Event Scale (IES‐22), General Health Questionnaire (GHQ‐28) and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Salivary cortisol was measured in the evening and SC/CBG in the morning. Main Outcome Measures. Levels of SalC (in nanomoles per liter) and SC/CBG. Results. Median (range) GA at assessment was 19 (12–38) and 19 (13–22)weeks in the study and the comparison group, respectively. The study group had significantly higher psychological distress levels (p≤0.001) than the comparison group in all outcome measures. Salivary cortisol correlated with GA in both groups (p<0.004). In subanalyses including only women with GA 18–22weeks, and excluding smokers or women with chronic diseases or medication which might interfere with cortisol levels, there were no relations of SalC or SC/CBG with the psychometric variables in the study group. Conclusions. Women with detected fetal malformation had high psychological distress scores. The lack of association between psychological distress and SalC or SC/CBG suggests a blunted response of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis following recent psychological stress activation in the second trimester of pregnancy.
Placing dental clinicians within the normative base regarding vicarious response
Authors: Curtin S. , Hammond S. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThis paper describes the development and psychometric properties of the Curtin Vicarious Response Scales (CVRS), a research tool specifically developed to evaluate emotional reponsivity in clinical practice and in undergraduate training. The measure yields scores on three substantive scales, (I) Perspective Taking, the capacity to shift perspectives and to step outside of self when dealing with other people, (II) Empathy, the ability to understand another?s mental and emotional states and (III) Emotional Lability, affective sensitivity and changeability. The construct validity of the CVRS is unequivocal and concurrent validation demonstrates its expected place within personality space. The psychometric properties of the device demonstrate its viability as a research tool in the area of Empathy and Emotional Responsivity.
Students’ satisfaction with electrical handpieces in an educational setting
Authors: Teich S. T. , Faddoul F. F. , Al‐Rawi W. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractObjective:  This article presents the evaluation and outcome of improvements carried out at Case Western Reserve School of Dental Medicine (CWRU) based on feedback provided by students during implementation of electrical handpieces technology in the school.Methodology:  Students were surveyed in February 2010 (first survey) regarding their satisfaction with the existing clinical set‐up for electrical handpieces. Following a change in clinical setting and integration of the control box into the dental unit in November 2010, students were administered the same survey as in February 2010 (second survey).Results:  There was an increased level of satisfaction with electric handpieces in the new clinical setting; these levels were significant regarding the ergonomics of the handpiece and clinical setting, operation of the handpiece, and technical maintenance. There was a significant shift from those who were categorically against using electrical handpieces after graduation towards those were ‘not sure’ regarding the adoption of electric technology in their practice.Conclusions:  Specifically improving the clinical setting of a control box for electrical handpieces can influence overall student perception regarding the quality of handpieces and their operation.
Cytoreductive treatment with clofarabine/ara‐C combined with reduced‐intensity conditioning and allogeneic stem cell transplantation in patients with high‐risk, relapsed, or refractory acute myeloid leukemia and advanced myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: Buchholz Stefanie , Dammann Elke , Stadler Michael , Krauter Juergen , Beutel Gernot , Trummer Arne , Eder Matthias , Ganser Arnold 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe combination of cytoreductive chemotherapy with reduced‐intensity conditioning (RIC) is a highly effective antileukemic therapy. Purpose of this retrospective analysis was to evaluate the antileukemic efficacy and toxicity of clofarabine‐based chemotherapy followed by RIC and allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) for high‐risk, relapsed, or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). From May 2007 until October 2009, a total of 27 patients underwent allogeneic SCT after treatment with clofarabine and ara‐C for 5 d and RIC (4 Gy TBI/cyclophosphamide/ATG). Prophylaxis of graft‐versus‐host disease (GvHD) consisted of cyclosporine and mycophenolate mofetil. Unmanipulated G‐CSF mobilized PBSC (n = 26) or bone marrow cells (n = 1) were transplanted from unrelated (n = 21) or matched related (n = 6) donors. Non‐hematological toxicities of this regimen mainly affected liver and skin and were all reversible. Seven patients relapsed within a median time of 5.7 months. The overall survival (OS) and relapse‐free survival rates were 56% and 52% at 2 yr, respectively. In this cohort of patients, cytoreduction with clofarabine/ara‐C (ClAraC) followed by RIC allogeneic SCT was well tolerated and showed good antileukemic efficacy even in patients with high‐risk AML or MDS, with engraftment and GvHD‐incidence comparable to other RIC regimens.
Antifungal management and resource use in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia after chemotherapy – retrospective analysis of changes over 3 yr in a German hospital
Authors: Böhme Angelika , Atta Johannes , Mousset Sabine , Ehlken Birgit , Shlaen Margarita , Bug Gesine , Serve Hubert , Hoelzer Dieter 
Published: September 2011

AbstractObjectives: To describe changes in costs of managing hospitalised patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) after chemotherapy in Germany over 3 yr, with a special focus on prophylaxis and treatment patterns as well as resource use related to invasive fungal infections (IFI). Methods: The study was conducted as a retrospective, single‐centre chart review in patients with AML hospitalised for chemotherapy, neutropenia and infections after myelosuppressive chemotherapy from January 2004 to December 2006 in Germany. The following resource utilisation data were collected: inpatient stay, mechanical ventilation, parenteral feeding, diagnostics, systemic antifungal medication and cost‐intensive concomitant medication. Direct medical costs were calculated from hospital provider perspective. Results: A total of 471 episodes in 212 patients were included in the analysis. Occurrence of IFI decreased from 5.9% in 2004 to 1.9% in 2006. Mean (±standard deviation) hospital stay decreased from 28.7 ± 17.9 d in 2004 to 22.4 ± 11.8 d in 2006. From 2004 to 2006, the use of a single antifungal drug increased from 30.4% to 46.9%, whereas the use of multiple antifungal drugs decreased from 24.4% to 13.1%. The use of liposomal amphotericin B declined between 2004 and 2006 (21.4% vs. 3.8%) and caspofungin between 2005 and 2006 (19.3% vs. 8.1%). Total costs per episode declined from €19 051 ± 19 024 in 2004 to €13 531 ± 9260 in 2006; major reductions were observed in the use of antimycotics and blood products as well as length of hospital stay. Conclusion: Analysis of real‐life data from one single centre in Germany demonstrated a change in antifungal management of patients with AML between 2004/2005 and 2006, accompanied by a decline in total costs.
Evaluation of oral mucosal diseases: inter‐ and intra‐observer analyses
Authors: Zadik Yehuda , Orbach Hadas , Panzok Amy , Smith Yoav , Czerninski Rakefet 
Published: September 2011

J Oral Pathol Med (2012) 41: 68–72Background:  Essential to the diagnosis and management of oral mucosal diseases are visual evaluation and monitoring of the oral cavity. Digital photography has recently become an important clinical tool. The aims of this study were to (i) evaluate inter‐ and intra‐observer differences between oral medicine and other dental specialists when assessing changes in oral mucosal pathology and (ii) assess the influence of calibration labels incorporated into the clinical images on the reliability and consistency of evaluation.Methods:  Ten oral medicine specialists (OM) and 10 other dental specialists (DS) participated in the study. Pairs of images captured with an intraoral camera at two time points from 17 cases of mucosal diseases were presented to the participants. Each pair of photographs was presented with a calibration label (showing length and white to black hues) and again without one. The participants were asked to respond to a questionnaire evaluating changes in size, color, location, and severity for each image pair.Results:  Oral medicine specialists had better absolute agreement and consistency than DS when evaluating the changes in the images; however, these parameters did not exceed 52% in either group. The incorporation of a calibration label in the images increased agreement and consistency of evaluations in both groups.Conclusions:  Follow‐up evaluations of oral mucosal lesions are performed better by oral medicine practitioners compared to other dental specialists. The incorporation of a calibration label in the clinical images seems to enhance evaluation.
Molecular events associated with ciclosporin A‐induced gingival overgrowth are attenuated by Smad7 overexpression in fibroblasts
Authors: Sobral L. M. , Aseredo F. , Agostini M. , Bufalino A. , Pereira M. C. C. , Graner E. , Coletta R. D. 
Published: September 2011

Sobral LM, Aseredo F, Agostini M, Bufalino A, Pereira MCC, Graner E, Coletta RD. Molecular events associated with ciclosporin A‐induced gingival overgrowth are attenuated by Smad7 overexpression in fibroblasts. J Periodont Res 2012; 47: 149–158. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/SBackground and Objective:  Ciclosporin A (CsA)‐induced gingival overgrowth is attributed to an exaggerated accumulation of extracellular matrix, which is mainly due to an increased expression of transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1). Herein, the in vitro investigation of effects of overexpression of Smad7, a TGF‐β1 signaling inhibitor, in the events associated with CsA‐induced extracellular matrix accumulation was performed.Material and Methods:  The effects of Smad7 were assessed by stable overexpression of Smad7 in fibroblasts from normal gingiva. Smad7‐overexpressing cells and control cells were incubated with CsA, and synthesis of type I collagen, production and activity of MMP‐2 and cellular proliferation were evaluated by ELISA, zymography, growth curve, bromodeoxyuridine incorporation assay and cell cycle analysis. The effects of CsA on cell viability and apoptosis of fibroblasts from normal gingiva were also evaluated. Western blot and immunofluorescence for phospho‐Smad2 were performed to measure the activation of TGF‐β1 signaling.Results:  Although the treatment with CsA stimulated TGF‐β1 production in both control and Smad7‐overexpressing fibroblasts, its signaling was markedly inhibited in Smad7‐overexpressing cells, as revealed by low levels of phospho‐Smad2. In Smad7‐overexpressing cells, the effects of CsA on proliferation, synthesis of type I collagen and the production and activity of MMP‐2 were significantly blocked. Smad7 overexpression blocked CsA‐induced fibroblast proliferation via p27 regulation. Neither CsA nor Smad7 overexpression induced cell death.Conclusion:  The data presented here confirm that TGF‐β1 expression is related to the molecular events associated with CsA‐induced gingival overgrowth and suggest that Smad7 overexpression is effective in blocking these events, including proliferation, type I collagen synthesis and MMP‐2 activity.
A possible melanoma discrimination index based on hyperspectral data: a pilot study
Authors: Nagaoka Takashi , Nakamura Atsushi , Okutani Haruka , Kiyohara Yoshio , Sota Takayuki 
Published: September 2011

BackgroundEarly detection and proper excision of the primary lesions of malignant melanoma (MM) are crucial for reducing melanoma‐related deaths. To support the early detection of melanoma, automated melanoma screening systems have been extensively studied and developed. In this article, we present a hyperspectral melanoma screening system and propose a possible melanoma discrimination index derived from the characteristics of the pigment molecules in the skin, both of which have been derived from hyperspectral data (HSD).MethodsThe index expresses the disordered nature of each lesion including variegation in color based on variation in spectral information obtained from each lesion. Performance of the index in discriminating melanomas from other pigmented skin lesions has been studied in five cases of melanoma (41 HSD sets), one case of Spitz nevus (13 HSD sets), 10 cases of seborrheic keratosis (78 HSD sets), three cases of basal cell carcinoma (16 HSD sets), and nine cases of melanocytic nevus (21 HSD sets), obtained from patients and volunteers, all of whom were Japanese.ResultsPerformance of the index, which reflects the disordered nature of a lesion, discriminates melanomas with a sensitivity of 90%, a specificity of 84%, and an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.93, on resubstitution.ConclusionAn objective melanoma discrimination index at a molecular pigmentary level, derived from HSD, has been proposed, and its performance evaluated. This index was highly successful in discriminating MM from non‐melanoma, although the statistical population was small.