bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DVT Prophylaxis: Better Living Through Chemistry: Opposes
Authors: Zywiel Michael G. , Johnson Aaron J. , Mont Michael A. 
Published: September 2010

The association between total hip arthroplasty and subsequent postoperative deep venous thrombosis is of particular concern because it can lead to symptomatic venous thromboembolic events. However, controversy remains about the optimal approach to prophylaxis. Some authors recommend the use of various chemoprophylactic agents, while others advocate the use of mechanical devices or combinations. The ideal method of prophylaxis should be effective and easy to administer, have a predictable onset and duration, have minimal interaction with food or other drugs, be easily reversible, be cost effective, and have a low risk of side effects. While available chemoprophylactic agents address some of these attributes, all have substantial drawbacks. Among the most concerning effects for orthopedic surgeons is the increased risk of bleeding and hematoma formation, which can be associated with periprosthetic infections. These typically lead to additional surgical procedures and significant patient morbidity, and can adversely impact clinical outcomes.
An alternative to chemoprophylaxis is the use of pneumatic intermittent compression devices. Modern compression devices are portable and easy to use, and have a high rate of patient compliance. Several studies have demonstrated the efficacy of these devices in reducing the risk of symptomatic venous thromboembolic disease, in some cases resulting in lower mortality when compared to pharmacological agents. Additionally, these devices significantly reduce the risk of postoperative bleeding.
The Economics of New Age Arthroplasty: Can We Afford It?
Authors: Sculco Thomas P. 
Published: September 2010

New technology in joint replacement design and materials adds cost that must be documented by improved outcomes. This is not always the case as the recent metal/metal data has shown. The current economics of arthroplasty have put increasing financial pressure on hospitals and will progress under new health care legislation. New technology must be cost-effective and this will be increasingly difficult in an era of outstanding long-term results with current designs. Cost may necessitate less expensive alternatives, eg, generic implants, in arthroplasty patients.
Joint replacement surgery has evolved over the past 4 decades into a highly successful surgical procedure. Earlier designs and materials that demonstrated inferior functional and long-term results have disappeared in a Darwinian fashion. Through this evolutionary process many of the current designs have proven efficacy and durability. Current outcome data indicates that hip and knee designs demonstrate 90% to 95% success rates at 15-year follow-up. Technologic advances are necessary to improve implant design and materials, however, only in an environment of reduced reimbursement to hospitals can the increase cost be justified.
Wavefront-Guided vs Wavefront-Optimized LASIK: A Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing Contralateral Eyes
Authors: Miraftab Mohammad , Seyedian Mohammad A. , Hashemi Hassan 
Published: September 2010

Purpose:
To compare wavefront-guided and wavefront-optimized LASIK in patients with myopic astigmatism up to −7.00 diopters (D) sphere and 3.00 D cylinder.

Methods:
In this prospective, comparative study, 41 patients had wavefront-guided LASIK in one eye and wavefront-optimized LASIK in the fellow eye. The LASIK flap was created with a Hansatome XP microkeratome (Bausch & Lomb). The ALLEGRETTO Concerto excimer laser (WaveLight Laser Technologie AG) was used for photoablation. Pupil centroid shift and cyclotorsion were not compensated in the wavefront-guided treatments. The ALLEGRETTO Wave analyzer was used to measure ocular wavefront aberrations, and the CSV-1000 instrument (VectorVision) was used to measure contrast sensitivity before and 1 and 3 months after LASIK.

Results:

Preoperative mean spherical equivalent refraction was −4.25±1.19 D (range: −7.50 to −2.50 D) and −4.15±1.21 D (range: −7.13 to −1.75 D) in the wavefront-guided and wavefront-optimized groups, respectively. Three months postoperatively, 33 (89.2%) eyes in the wavefront-guided group and 31 (83.8%) eyes in the wavefront-optimized group had uncorrected distance visual acuity of 20/20. Higher order aberrations increased from 0.28±0.08 μm (range: 0.13 to 0.48 μm) and 0.26±0.08 μm (range: 0.13 to 0.55 μm) to 0.45±0.17 μm (range: 0.18 to 0.71 μm) and 0.45±0.16 μm (range: 0.21 to 0.84 μm) in the wavefront-guided and wavefront-optimized groups, respectively. Except for C6 trefoil (
P
=.006), all Zernike polynomials increased in both groups postoperatively with no statistical difference between groups in spherical aberration (
P
=.41), C7 coma (
P
=.67), C8 coma (
P
=.79), and trefoil (
P
=.82). Contrast sensitivity did not decrease in either group and no statistically significant differences between groups were noted.

Conclusions:
Higher order aberrations, especially spherical aberration, increasd approximately the same amount in both groups.
Pediatric Refractive Surgery and Its Role in the Treatment of Amblyopia: Meta-Analysis of the Peer-Reviewed Literature
Authors: Alió Jorge L. , Wolter Nathaly V. , Piñero David P. , Amparo Fransisco , Sari Esin Sogutlu , Cankaya Cem , Laria Carlos 
Published: September 2010

Purpose:
To provide an overview of the visual outcomes after pediatric refractive surgery in anisometropic amblyopia and to analyze the relationship of these outcomes with age and type of refractive surgery.

Methods:
Systematic searches in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases without data restrictions and a search by surveillance of the literature regarding pediatric refractive surgery were performed. Only studies reporting individual data of pediatric cases (age 1 to 17 years) undergoing photorefractive keratectomy (PRK), laser epithelial keratomileusis (LASEK), and LASIK were included. A total of 15 articles including data from a total of 213 amblyopic eyes were considered: LASIK in 95 eyes and surface ablation in 118 eyes. Changes in uncorrected (UDVA) and corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) were investigated as well as their relation with age and ablation type.

Results:

A significant increase in logMAR UDVA and CDVA was found in the overall sample of amblyopic eyes after surgery (
P
<.001). A significant correlation was found between age and preoperative CDVA (r=0.34,
P
<.001) as well as between age and the change in CDVA after surgery (r=−0.38,
P
<.001). The change in UDVA was significantly superior for eyes undergoing surface ablation compared to those undergoing LASIK (
P
=.04). Corneal haze was the predominant complication, which was reported in 5.3% of LASIK cases and 8.5% of surface ablation cases.

Conclusions:
Laser refractive surgery is an effective option for improving the visual acuity in children with an amblyopic eye in association with anisometropia.
Efficacy of Different Excimer Laser Techniques in the Management of Recurrent Corneal Erosions
Authors: Hütz Werner W. , Stachs Oliver , Hengerer Fritz , Eckhardt Berthold 
Published: September 2010

Background and Objective:
To investigate the efficacy of two excimer laser techniques for recurrent corneal erosions (RCEs).

Patients and Methods:

Of 100 patients with RCEs not responding to common treatments, 50 received transepithelial (group 1) and 50 received subepithelial (group 2) treatment of 20 pulses of a 193-nm excimer laser (170 J/cm
2
). Postoperative follow-up occurred at 4 and 52 weeks. Outcome measures were frequency of RCEs, haze formation, and refractive changes.

Results:
At first follow-up, 7 patients (14%) in each group displayed recurrence. At second follow-up, 12 patients in group 1 (24%) and 10 patients in group 2 (20%) had RCE. Follow-up recurrence risk was 6% to 27% in both groups at 4 weeks and 13% to 38% in group 1 and 10% to 34% in group 2 at 52 weeks. The spherical equivalent remained unaffected in group 1, but a statistically significant change was observed in group 2.

Conclusion:
Excimer laser treatment (transepithelial and subepithelial) of RCEs can be performed successfully on the intact epithelium without adjunct therapy or pain. The transepithelial technique is a simple and relatively painless way to reduce the rate of RCE and is equivalent to the well-established subepithelial treatment.
Bevacizumab for the Treatment of Pediatric Retinal and Choroidal Diseases
Authors: Sisk Robert A. , Berrocal Audina M. , Albini Thomas A. , Murray Timothy G. 
Published: September 2010

Background and Objective:To determine the efficacy of off-label intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) for the treatment of pediatric retinal and choroidal vascular diseases.Patients and Methods:Retrospective, non-comparative, open-label, interventional, consecutive case series of all patients younger than 18 years treated with off-label IVB at a single center from January 1, 2005, to January 1, 2008. Primary outcome measures with best-corrected visual acuity by age-appropriate testing and central macular thickness by time-domain optical coherence tomography.Results:Thirty-five eyes of 33 patients were treated with IVB alone or in combination with other treatments for choroidal neovascularization, Coats’ disease, familial exudative vitreoretinopathy, and various other indications. IVB was used in 24 eyes to reduce excess retinal fluid and exudation. Mean Snellen visual acuity improved from 20/170 at baseline to 20/100 at 1 month (P= .006), 20/80 at 3 months (P= .006), and 20/50 at 6 months (P= .023). Central macular thickness improved from 356 μm at baseline to 287 μm at 6 months (P= .028). IVB was used in 11 eyes to control peripheral retinal neovascularization and iris rubeosis. Although IVB reduced vascular engorgement, it did not prevent the progression of preretinal tractional forces. Mean visual acuity was maintained at each time point. No systemic or ocular adverse events were directly attributable to IVB in any patient.Conclusion:IVB reduced vascular leakage and temporarily regressed pathologic neovascularization of the choroid, retina, and iris in this series of pediatric patients. Further prospective studies are warranted.
Functional mapping of language networks in the normal brain using a word-association task
Authors: Ghosh Shantanu , Basu Amrita , Kumaran Senthil S , Khushu Subash 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Background: Language functions are known to be affected in diverse neurological conditions, including ischemic stroke, traumatic brain injury, and brain tumors. Because language networks are extensive, interpretation of functional data depends on the task completed during evaluation. Aim: The aim was to map the hemodynamic consequences of word association using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in normal human subjects. Materials and Methods: Ten healthy subjects underwent fMRI scanning with a postlexical access semantic association task vs lexical processing task. The fMRI protocol involved a T2FNx01-weighted gradient-echo echo-planar imaging (GE-EPI) sequence (TR 4523 ms, TE 64 ms, flip angle 90º) with alternate baseline and activation blocks. A total of 78 scans were taken (interscan interval = 3 s) with a total imaging time of 587 s. Functional data were processed in Statistical Parametric Mapping software (SPM2) with 8-mm Gaussian kernel by convolving the blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signal with an hemodynamic response function estimated by general linear method to generate SPM{t} and SPM{F} maps. Results: Single subject analysis of the functional data (FWE-corrected, P≤0.001) revealed extensive activation in the frontal lobes, with overlaps among middle frontal gyrus (MFG), superior, and inferior frontal gyri. BOLD activity was also found in the medial frontal gyrus, middle occipital gyrus (MOG), anterior fusiform gyrus, superior and inferior parietal lobules, and to a smaller extent, the thalamus and right anterior cerebellum. Group analysis (FWE-corrected, P≤0.001) revealed neural recruitment of bilateral lingual gyri, left MFG, bilateral MOG, left superior occipital gyrus, left fusiform gyrus, bilateral thalami, and right cerebellar areas. Conclusions: Group data analysis revealed a cerebellar-occipital-fusiform-thalamic network centered around bilateral lingual gyri for word association, thereby indicating how these areas facilitate language comprehension by activating a semantic association network of words processed postlexical access. This finding is important when assessing the extent of cognitive damage and/or recovery and can be used for presurgical planning after optimization.
Case report: MRI of the brain in metronidazole toxicity
Authors: Kalia Vishal , Saggar Kavita ,   Vibhuti
Published: September 2010

AbstractMetronidazole is a commonly used antimicrobial drug. When used excessively, it can cause encephalopathy. We report the MRI findings in one such case. A 43-year-old male patient was treated with metronidazole for 2 months, for an amebic liver abscess and presented with neurological signs and symptoms. MRI of the brain showed findings consistent with metronidazole toxicity.
Case Series: Cyclops lesion - extension loss after ACL reconstruction
Authors: Dhanda Sunita , Sanghvi Darshana , Pardiwala Dinshaw 
Published: September 2010

AbstractLocalized anterior arthrofibrosis (cyclops lesion) is the second most common cause of extension loss after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. We present and discuss two patients with prior ACL reconstructions, who presented with pain and loss of extension following surgery. MRI and arthroscopy of the knee revealed typical features of a cyclops lesion. The patients showed significant symptomatic improvement following arthroscopic resection of these lesions.
Technical Note: MRI-guided breast biopsy - our preliminary experience
Authors: Taneja Sangeeta , Jena Amarnath , Kumar Kapil , Mehta Anurag 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe diagnostic potential of breast MRI can be fully utilized only when it is possible to biopsy lesions detected on MRI, especially when they are not visible on mammography or USG. We would like to describe our experience with MRI-guided wire localization and biopsy.
EFECTO DE LA SUPLEMENTACIÓN CON Moringa oleífera SOBRE EL COMPORTAMIENTO PRODUCTIVO DE OVINOS ALIMENTADOS CON UNA DIETA BASAL DE PASTO GUINEA (Panicum maximun Jacq.)
Authors: Sánchez Nadir Reyes , Rodríguez Rosario , Araiea Bryan Mendieta , Sovalbarro Lester Meija , Taylor Anas P Mora 
Published: September 2010

El presente estudio se realizó en la finca Santa Rosa propiedadde la Universidad Nacional Agraria, localizada geográficamenteen los 12°08'15'' latitud Norte y 86°09'36'' longitud Este, enel Departamento de Managua, Nicaragua con el objetivo deevaluar el comportamiento productivo de ovinos alimentadoscon una dieta basal de pasto guinea (Panicum máximum Jacq)y suplementados con diferentes niveles de Moringa oleífera.Se utilizaron 18 corderos mestizos (Pelibuey x Black belly)con pesos iníciales promedio de 20 ± 2 kg, los cuales fuerondesparasitados, vitaminados y distribuidos en un DiseñoCompletamente Aleatorio con tres tratamientos: Panicum máximum ad-libitum, P. máximum ad-libitum + 0.35 kg MS M.oleífera, y P. máximum ad-libitum + 0.50 kg MS M. oleífera.Las variables estudiadas fueron: consumo total de MS (CTMS),ganancia media diaria (GMD) y conversión alimenticia (CA).Se realizó análisis de varianza y comparaciones de mediascon la Prueba de Tukey utilizando MINITAB, versión 12.0.Los resultados de los análisis de varianza (P<0,05) mostraronque el mejor CTMS, GMD y CA se obtiene con la utilizaciónde P. máximum ad-libitum + 0.50 kg MS M. oleífera (0.8 kgMS/animal/día, 117.97 g/animal/día y 6.78), el que difiereestadísticamente (P< 0.05) del tratamiento con Panicummáximum ad-libitum, (0.57 kg MS/animal/día, 30.85 g/animal/día y 18.47) pero (P> 0.05) del tratamiento P. máximumad-libitum + 0.35 kg MS M. oleífera, (0.73 kg MS/animal/día,90.91 g/animal/día y 8.02). En conclusión el forraje de M.oleifera como suplemento proteico para ovinos consumiendouna dieta basal de P. máximum incrementa la ganancia de pesoy mejora el consumo total de MS y la conversión alimenticia.Palabras clave: Marango; ganancia media diaria; consumoanimal; conversión alimenticia.DOI: 10.5377/calera.v9i13.19
Modelo de administración de proyectos de electrificación rural en Nicaragua incluyendo la generación en sistemas aislados
Authors: Blanco N , Salazar O , Salazar E 
Published: September 2010

Contribuir al desarrollo de los sistemas aislados de generación de energía eléctrica fue el objetivo de la investigación descrita en este artículo. En este estudio se planteó una propuesta de modelo de administración de proyectos de electrificación rural, con el propósito de obtener una mayor eficiencia de la operatividad administrativa de la empresa o proyecto. Los sistemas aislados, no conectados a la red eléctrica convencional, brindan abastecimiento de energía eléctrica a las comunidades de las zonas rurales de Nicaragua; éstos abarcan las zonas más extensas e históricamente olvidadas del país, pero que a su vez poseen grandes potencialidades en recursos naturales y productivos; tal es el caso de las Regiones Atlánticas Norte y Sur. Para la propuesta del modelo de administración de proyectos de electrificación rural se empleó una metodología de análisis de proyectos basada en un esquema matricial con instrumentos de recopilación cualitativa. Basados en los resultados de esta investigación, se recomienda que en los proyectos de sistemas térmicos (usando derivados de petróleo), la forma de organización que mejor se adecua a las necesidades administrativas es del tipo empresa privada, con un enfoque jurídico de sociedad de responsabilidad limitada. En los proyectos de sistemas hidroeléctricos se recomienda una forma de organización privada como una sociedad anónima. Finalmente, en los proyectos de sistemas fotovoltaicos se recomienda una forma de organización privada bajo una empresa cooperativa. Palabras claves: modelo de administración de proyectos; organización jurídica-administrativa.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/nexo.v22i1.39Nexo: Revista Científica Vol.22, No.01, pp.10-14/Agosto 2009
Fórmulas de recurrencia entre Pm y la derivada k-esima de la delta de Dirac soportada en P*
Authors: Aguirre M 
Published: September 2010

En este artículo se le dio un sentido a la fórmula de recurrencia Pm .δ (k) (P) -Cm, kδ (k-m) (P) = 0 si k ≥ m (ver fórmula 15) considerando la condición gradP ≠ 0, donde la constante Cm,k fue definida por la fórmula 16. En el segundo parágrafo se le dio un sentido a la misma fórmula pero para un caso especial: P = P(x) = P(x1, ...xn) = x12 + x22 + ...xp2 - xp+12 - ...xp+q2.La fórmula que se obtuvo es una generalización de fórmulas que aparecen en el libro de Gelfand and Shilov formula (c.f. ([1]), página 233) y es considerada por ejemplo por Bollini, Giambiagi and Tiomno para la teoría de regularización analítica en las ecuaciones clásicas de Yang-Mills y sus aplicaciones para el potencial singular (c.f. [4]).Palabras Claves: Recurrencia; potencia singularDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/nexo.v22i2.46Nexo Revista Científica Vol. 22, No. 02, pp.72-79/Diciembre 2009
Biocompatible and Biodegradable Materials for Organic Field‐Effect Transistors
Authors: Irimia‐Vladu Mihai , Troshin Pavel A. , Reisinger Melanie , Shmygleva Lyuba , Kanbur Yasin , Schwabegger Günther , Bodea Marius , Schwödiauer Reinhard , Mumyatov Alexander , Fergus Jeffrey W. , Razumov Vladimir F. , Sitter Helmut , Sariciftci Niyazi Serdar , Bauer Siegfried 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBiocompatible‐ingestible electronic circuits and capsules for medical diagnosis and monitoring are currently based on traditional silicon technology. Organic electronics has huge potential for developing biodegradable, biocompatible, bioresorbable, or even metabolizable products. An ideal pathway for such electronic devices involves fabrication with materials from nature, or materials found in common commodity products. Transistors with an operational voltage as low as 4–5 V, a source drain current of up to 0.5 μA and an on‐off ratio of 3–5 orders of magnitude have been fabricated with such materials. This work comprises steps towards environmentally safe devices in low‐cost, large volume, disposable or throwaway electronic applications, such as in food packaging, plastic bags, and disposable dishware. In addition, there is significant potential to use such electronic items in biomedical implants.
Autistic and psychiatric findings associated with the 3q29 microdeletion syndrome: Case report and review
Authors: Quintero‐Rivera Fabiola , Sharifi‐Hannauer Pantea , Martinez‐Agosto Julian A. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe screening of individuals with mild dysmorphic features and mental retardation using whole genome scanning technologies has resulted in the delineation of several previously unrecognized microdeletion syndromes. Microdeletion of 3q29 has been recently described as one such new syndrome. The clinical phenotype is variable despite an almost identical submicroscopic deletion size in most cases. We report on two individuals that further expand the clinical presentation of this rare disorder and compare the findings with earlier reports to refine the 3q29 microdeletion syndrome phenotype. The propositi are a 10‐year‐old female and a 15‐year‐old male, who have in common intellectual disabilities, a history of autism and psychiatric symptoms ranging from bipolar disorder presenting with increasing suicidal ideation to aggressive behavior and general anxiety. Other shared physical findings include asymmetric face, high‐nasal bridge, crowded/dysplastic teeth, and tapered fingers. Oligonucleotide array‐based chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) using a genome‐wide SNP array identified a de novo subtelomeric microdeletion of chromosome region 3q29 ranging from 1.6 to 2.1 Mb. The region of overlap encompasses 20 RefSeq genes, including FBX045, DLG1, and PAK2. These genes are related to neuronal postsynaptic membrane function and PTEN signaling, suggesting a role for synaptic connectivity dysfunction in the etiology of autism in these children. The novel clinical presentation of our patients expands the clinical spectrum of the 3q29 microdeletion syndrome and provides additional insights into the pathophysiology of autism and psychiatric disorders. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Novel de novo PCDH19 mutations in three unrelated females with epilepsy female restricted mental retardation syndrome
Authors: Jamal Seema M. , Basran Raveen K. , Newton Stephanie , Wang Zhenyuan , Milunsky Jeff M. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractEpilepsy and Mental Retardation Limited to Females (EFMR) [OMIM 300088] was first described in 1971 [Juberg and Hellman, 1971] in 15 related females with early onset grand mal seizures and mental retardation. Although EFMR demonstrates X‐linked inheritance, it follows an unusual pattern by sparing transmitting males and affecting only heterozygous females. In 2008, mutations within the protocadherin 19 (PCDH19) gene were implicated as causative of EFMR [Dibbens et al. (2008); Nat Genet 40:776–781]. The EFMR phenotype is typically characterized by seizure onset in infancy and mild to severe intellectual impairment. Several individuals with EFMR have also been described as having autistic features. We describe three unrelated female individuals, ranging in age from 3 to 19 years, with de novo novel PCDH19 mutations. All three individuals have seizure onset in infancy and require the use of multiple antiepileptic drugs. They also have varying degrees of intellectual impairment along with the presence of autistic features. Although most individuals with EFMR described to date demonstrate this unusual familial X‐linked inheritance, our three unrelated females with de novo mutations highlight the importance of testing PCDH19 in females with early onset epilepsy, intellectual impairment, and autistic features, regardless of family history. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.