bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enrichment of glutaminase production by Bacillus subtilis RSP‐GLU in submerged cultivation based on neural network—genetic algorithm approach
Authors: Sathish Thadikamala , Prakasham Reddy Shetty 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: Owing to the importance of glutaminase in biotech product production, its production with isolated Bacillus subtilis RSP‐GLU (MTCC 9727) was investigated. Fermentation factors play an important role in product enhancement. Hence, glutaminase production was optimized using an artificial neural network (ANN) coupled genetic algorithm (GA).RESULTS: A ‘6–12–1’ topology ANN was constructed to identify the nonlinear relationship between fermentation factors and enzyme yield. ANN‐predicted values were optimized for glutaminase production using a GA. The overall mean absolute predictive error (MAPE) and the mean square errors (MSE) were observed to be 0.00125 and 1.77 and 0.002 and 3.06 for training and testing, respectively. The goodness of neural network prediction (coefficient of R2) was found to be 0.996. The maximum interactive impact on glutaminase production was noted with rpm versus medium volume. The use of ANN–GA hybrid methodology resulted in a significant improvement (47%) in glutaminase yield.CONCLUSION: Five different optimum fermentation conditions out of 500 revealed maximum enzyme production. Glutaminase enzyme production in this Bacillus subtilis RSP‐GLU is strongly influenced by aeration of the fermentation. A hybrid ANN‐GA effectively identifies the different fermentation conditions for optimum production of enzyme in a given large set of conditions. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
The constrictor dorsalis musculature and basipterygoid articulation inSphenodon
Authors: Johnston Peter 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe constrictor internus dorsalis (CID) trigeminal muscles in vertebrates lie between the braincase and the palatoquadrate bar, and in reptiles they are believed to function in the relative movements between braincase and maxillary segment known as kinesis. In amniote taxa, the presence of a synovial basipterygoid articulation (BPA) correlates with presence of the CID. Previous descriptions of the CID in the tuataraSphenodon(Rhynchocephalia) are inconsistent regarding presence, size and direction, particularly of the m. protractor pterygoidei. TheSphenodonskull is reported to be akinetic. The CID was investigated inSphenodonby examination of sectioned embryonic and hatchling material, and by dissection of fixed specimens. Osteological correlates of CID muscles and morphology of the BPA were examined on disarticulated skulls and on CT scan images. The vectors of action of these muscles in relation to the BPA were projected onto CT images. Mm. levator bulbi and levator pterygoidei are found to be similar to most previous descriptions, but m. protractor pterygoidei was found in a different position, lying entirely medial to the palatoquadrate bar. The insertions of mm. levator pterygoidei and protractor pterygoidei are visible on the disarticulated pterygoid bone. The BPA is mobile only by rotation around the horizontal axis of the joints themselves; metakinesis is not possible in theSphenodonskull. M. protractor pterygoidei appears to either resist or recognize lateral displacement of the BPA. M. levator ptergyoidei is placed to resist dorsal displacement of the braincase at the BPA, or torsion of the braincase around its longitudinal axis. The BPA appears to be a means to direct compressive stress via the base of the braincase and occipital condyle to the cervical spine inSphenodon, and probably in its direct ancestors. Metakinesis may never have been a feature of the lepidosaur skull. J. Morphol., 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A framework of intellectual capital management based on ISO 9001 quality management system: The case study of ISO 9001 certified public R&D institute
Authors: Kim Dong‐young , Kumar Vinod , Kumar Uma 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to present a framework for an effective implementation of intellectual capital (IC) management. The framework is primarily established based on the ISO 9001 quality management system that is an international representative process management approach. Based on the case study of an ISO 9001 certified public in Research and Development (R&D) organization, this study concludes that: (1) the framework helps organizations to identify customers' needs as well as to evaluate customers' perception about the organizations' efforts; (2) various requirements of the framework play a crucial role in building a foundation to continually develop the framework; (3) the framework can encourage ISO 9001 certified organizations to implement IC management by providing similar principles and methodologies. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A contemporary review of balance dysfunction following vestibular schwannoma surgery
Authors: Saman Yougan , Bamiou Doris‐Eva , Gleeson Michael 
Published: October 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:This review aims to evaluate the literature pertaining to subjective balance dysfunction following vestibular schwannoma surgery; the effect of postoperative imbalance on disability, handicap and quality of life; and to determine factors that influence vestibular compensation.Methods:Ovid MEDLINE, Cochrane databases, and relevant contemporary texts were searched for papers relating to subjective balance dysfunction following vestibular schwannoma surgery. The quality of this clinical evidence was evaluated.Results:The search yielded 26 studies assessing subjective balance dysfunction following vestibular schwannoma surgery. Analysis revealed that the majority of patients complain of balance dysfunction following surgery; however, a small number report disability or handicap. A few studies have demonstrated a decreased quality of life due to balance dysfunction. Factors have been identified that may contribute to a poor recovery.Conclusions:Further study is needed of the factors that influence vestibular compensation following vestibular schwannoma surgery. This will help to counsel patients prior to surgery and develop strategies for rehabilitation. Laryngoscope, 2009
A lower bound for the symbolic multifractal spectrum of a self‐similar multifractal with arbitrary overlaps
Authors: Olsen L. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBy now the multifractal structure of self‐similar measures satisfying the so‐called Open Set Condition is well understood. However, if the Open Set Condition is not satisfied, then almost nothing is known. In this paper we prove a nontrivial lower bound for the symbolic multifractal spectrum of an arbitrary self‐similar measure. We emphasize that we are considering arbitrary self‐similar measures (and sets) which are not assumed to satisfy the Open Set Condition or similar separation conditions. Our results also have applications to self‐similar sets which do not satisfy the Open Set Condition (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
An expansive multiplier property for operator‐valued Bergman inner functions
Authors: Olofsson Anders 
Published: October 2009

AbstractWe show that operator‐valued Bergman inner functions have the so‐called expansive multiplier property generalizing a well‐known result of Hedenmalm in the scalar case. This analysis leads to norm bounds for input output maps for a related class of discrete time linear systems. The proof uses properties of the biharmonic Green function (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Local smoothing for Kato potentials in three dimensions
Authors: Barceló J. A. , Bennett J.M. , Ruiz A. , Vilela M. C. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractWe prove weighted local smoothing estimates for the resolvent of the Laplacian in three dimensions with weights belonging to the Kerman–Sawyer class. This class contains the well‐known global Kato and Rollnik classes. We go on to discuss dispersive and Strichartz estimates for perturbations of the Laplacian by small potentials, and apply our results and observations to the well‐posedness in L2 of the Cauchy problem for some linear and semilinear Schrödinger equations (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A semiorthogonal decomposition for Brauer–Severi schemes
Authors: Bernardara Marcello 
Published: October 2009

AbstractA semiorthogonal decomposition for the bounded derived category of coherent sheaves on a Brauer–Severi scheme is given. It relies on bounded derived categories of suitably twisted coherent sheaves on the base (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
On the Coates–Sinnott Conjecture
Authors: Popescu Cristian D. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractIn [5], Coates and Sinnott formulated a far reaching conjecture linking the values ΘF/k,S (1 — n) for even integers n ≥ 2 of an S ‐imprimitive, Galois‐equivariant L ‐function ΘF/k,S associated to an abelian extension F/k of totally real number fields to the annihilators over the group ring ℤ[G (F/k)] of the even Quillen K ‐groups K2n–2 (OF) associated to the ring of integers OF of the top field F. In the same paper, Coates and Sinnott essentially prove the 𝓁 ‐adic étale cohomological version of their conjecture, in which K2n–2(OF) is replaced by H2 et (OF [1/𝓁 ], ℤ(n)), for all primes 𝓁 > 2, under the hypothesis that k = ℚ. Refinements of this result for k = ℚ, involving Fitting ideals rather than annihilators of H2et (OF [1/𝓁], ℤ𝓁(n)), were obtained in particular cases by Cornacchia–Østvaer [7] and in general by Kurihara [14]. More recently, Burns and Greither [3] proved the same type of refinements (involving Fitting ideals of étale cohomology groups) for arbitrary totally real base fields k, but working under the very strong hypothesis that the Iwasawa μ ‐invariants μF,𝓁 vanish for all odd primes 𝓁. In this paper, we study a class of abelian extensions of an arbitrary totally real base field k including, for example, subextensions of real cyclotomic extensions of type k (ζ)+/k, where p is an odd prime. For this class of extensions, we prove similar refinements of the étale cohomological version of the Coates–Sinnott conjecture, under no vanishing hypotheses for the Iwasawa μ‐invariants in question. Our methods of proof are different from the ones employed in [3], [14] and [7]. We build upon ideas developed by Greither in [10] and Wiles in [23] and [22], in the context of Brumer's Conjecture. If the Quillen–Lichtenbaum Conjecture is proved (and a proof seems tobe within reach), then we have canonical ℤ𝓁[G (F/k)]‐module isomorphisms
equation image
for all n ≥ 2, all i = 1,2, and all primes 𝓁 > 2, and all these results will yield proofs of the original K ‐theoretic version of the Coates–Sinnott Conjecture, in the cases and under the various hypotheses mentioned above (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
On positive invertibility of operators and their decompositions
Authors: Weber M. R. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractIn Banach spaces ordered by a normal cone that contains interior points the positive invertibility of operators is studied. If there exists a uniformly positive functional then any positively invertible operator A possesses a B ‐decomposition, i.e., a positive decomposition A = U – V with the properties: U–1 exists, VU–1 ≥ 0, Ax ≥ 0, U x ≥ 0 imply x ≥ 0 and r (VU–1) < 1. Earlier it was shown that the existence of a B ‐decomposition with r (VU–1) < 1 is sufficient for the positive invertibility of the operator A. Peris' result is obtained as a special case of the main theorem. The decomposition is demonstrated for a positively invertible operator in a Banach space ordered by an ice cream cone (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Derivatives of 1,1‐Diamino‐2,2‐dinitroethene (DADNE) and Specific Reactivity Understanding
Authors: Hervé Grégoire 
Published: October 2009

AbstractSome further reactions on 1,1‐diamino‐2,2‐dinitroethene (DADNE) were performed in view of a better reactivity understanding. This paper intends to give a global overview of the specific reactivity of DADNE dealing with kinetics, mechanism and structure–reactivity relationship. A general and updated scheme on the specific reactivity of DADNE was subsequently suggested.
Progress of the EPOS project: Gamma‐induced Positron Spectroscopy (GiPS)
Authors: Krause‐Rehberg Reinhard , Anwand Wolfgang , Brauer Gerhard , Butterling Maik , Cowan Tom , Hartmann Andreas , Jungmann Marco , Krille Arnold , Schwengner Ronald , Wagner Andreas 
Published: October 2009

AbstractGamma‐induced positron generation has been performed using the superconducting electron accelerator ELBE at the Research Centre Dresden‐Rossendorf (Germany). It has an intense, pulsed (26 MHz) gamma source (bremsstrahlung). This source has been used to accomplish positron annihilation spectroscopy for different materials (Fe, silica, water). Since the gamma bunches are very short (<5 ps) the facility is suitable for positron lifetime spectroscopy using the accelerator bunching pulse for timing. The application of coincident measurements (AMOC, CDBS) reduces sufficiently the background of scattered gammas to obtain high‐quality spectra. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Microstructural study of supported liquid membranes using slow positron beam
Authors: Pujari P. K. , Maheshwari P. , Sharma S. K. , Dutta D. , Sudarshan K. , Reddy A. V. R. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractPore architecture in four supported liquid membranes (PTFE membranes) has been investigated using beam based positron annihilation spectroscopy (PAS) with variable positron energy (0.2‐10 keV). Formation of positronium (Ps), its diffusion, re‐emission and annihilation at various depths of the membranes have been investigated. It was observed that o‐Ps 3γ/2γ annihilation ratio is a sensitive method to study the pore architecture. The 3γ/2γ curves are utilized to calculate diffusion length of o‐Ps in the membranes. The o‐Ps diffusion length measures the mobility of o‐Ps in the membranes and represents pore interconnectivity, which in turn point to the tortuosity of the membrane. The relative open porosity in the membranes is measured by studying the 3γ/2γ profiles in the membranes capped with thin gold layer. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Order‐disorder transitions in self‐assembled polymers: A positron annihilation study
Authors: Ramani Ramasubbu , Valkama Sami , Kilpeläinen Simo , Tumisto Filip , Brinke Gerrit ten , Ruokolainen Janne , Alam Sarfaraz , Ikkala Olli 
Published: October 2009

AbstractWe report here the first results of order‐disorder transition (ODT) in a self‐assembled comb‐like polymer‐amphiphile supramolecular system as identified from the change in positron lifetime parameters. We have used poly(4‐vinyl pyridine) hydrogen bonded with 3‐pentadecyl phenol, which upon heating showed a stepwise reduction in o ‐Ps intensity at the ODT from lamellar self‐assembled state to the disordered state. The ODT temperature was confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry and small angle X‐ray scattering. The free volume “holes” in this polymer‐amphiphile system are proposed to be near the chain ends of the polymer backbones. We suggest that positron lifetime spectroscopy can serve as a technique to identify ODTs in self‐assembled lamellar structured supramolecular systems. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
PAL spectroscopy and testing for potential carcinogens
Authors: Byakov Vsevolod M. , Stepanov Sergey V. , Stepanova Olga P. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractChemical carcinogens are often strong electrophiles. The variation of the Ps formation probability versus concentration of the substance being tested in a solvent (modelling intracellular milieu) may serve as an indicator of carcinogenic properties of the solute. Being effectivescavengers of track electrons such chemicals strongly inhibit Ps formation.Tests carried out with a number of well‐known chemical compounds indicate this expectation and indicate the possibility of using PAL spectroscopy in the search for carcinogenic and anticarcinogenic agents. It is further shown that carcinogenic activity of macro‐samples seemto correlate well with their work function. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Characterization of ZnO nanostructures: A challenge to positron annihilation spectroscopy and other methods
Authors: Brauer Gerhard , Anwand Wolfgang , Grambole Dieter , Egger Werner , Sperr Peter , Beinik Igor , Wang Lin , Teichert Christian , Kuriplach Jan , Lang Jan , Zviagin Sergei , Cizmar Erik , Ling Chi Chung , Hsu Yuk Fan , Xi Yan Yan , Chen Xinyi , Djurišić Aleksandra B. , Skorupa Wolfgang 
Published: October 2009

AbstractZnO nanostructures are of special interest for device applications. However, their structural characterization remains an ongoing challenge. This paper reviews recent efforts and latest achievements in this direction. Results comprise PAS in the form of Slow Positron Implantation Spectroscopy (SPIS) and Pulsed Low Energy Positron Lifetime Spectroscopy (PLEPS), Nuclear Reaction Analysis (NRA), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), conductive AFM (C‐AFM), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Electron Spin Resonance (ESR), Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, and latest theoretical investigations of structure‐related and positron properties of selected defects. The fundamental importance of a relationship between fabrication conditions, native defect formation, and resulting optical and electronic properties is demonstrated by getting either inferior (nanorods) or significantly improved (tetrapods) optical properties compared to single crystal samples, depending on the nanostructure fabrication method. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Positronium chemistry of the Ps quenchers adsorbed on to the mesoporous resin
Authors: Sudarshan K. , Patil P. N. , Goswami A. , Pillai K. T. , Pujari P. K. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe positron annihilation lifetime studies were carried out on XAD‐4 resin loaded with different Ps quenchers in sub‐monolayer quantities. The o‐Ps intensity and lifetime of the longest lived component, corresponding to positronium annihilation in mesopores, were seen to reduce with adsorption of β‐naphthol. In the case of nitroaniline and nitrobenzene adsorption, only the intensity of this component reduced. The studies showed that the physical dimension of the quencher should also be large to manifest as positronium quencher when adsorbed on to the porous materials if the porous material has large surface fractals. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Study of iron phthalocyanine organic semiconductor thin films using slow positron beam
Authors: Maheshwari P. , Dutta D. , Samanta S. , Singh A. , Aswal D. K. , Reddy A. V. R. , Pujari P. K. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractIron phthalocyanine (FePc) thin films grown by molecular beam epitaxy have been studied using slow positron beam and atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques. A correlation between microstructure investigated using these two techniques as a function of film thickness (50‐140 nm) and crystallinity (amorphous and crystalline) is examined. Doppler broadening measurements revealed higher S‐parameter in amorphous film indicating more defects as compared to crystalline film. For crystalline films, as the thickness increases the S‐parameter increases, indicating the defect densities (free volume for positron annihilation) increases. However, AFM studies show that thinner film has columnar grains that transform to granular form with increase in thickness. The former shows wider grain boundaries which can not be sensed by positron. On the other hand, it reveals that columnar grains are more orderly arranged with small free volume inside the grain. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Positron annihilation studies of HPT deformed aluminium alloys
Authors: Lechner Wolfgang , Puff Werner , Würschum Roland , Wilde Gerhard , Zehetbauer Michael J. , Pippan Reinhard 
Published: October 2009

AbstractPositron lifetime and 2‐dimensional Doppler broadening measurements were used to study the influence of high pressure torsion (HPT) on the precipitation in Al‐Cu‐Mg alloys. The combination of the two experimental methods enables a specific and chemical sensitive distinction between interfacial vacancy‐type defects associated with precipitates and the vacancy‐type lattice defects formed upon high pressure torsion. Different aging behaviour is observed for undeformed and HPT‐deformed samples. In the Sm‐doped aluminium different defects depending on the pre‐treatment could be clearly identified. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Detecting thermal defects in age hardening Al‐6063 alloys by positron annihilation Doppler broadening technique
Authors: Abdel‐Rahman M. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe Doppler broadening of positron annihilation radiation lineshape technique has been applied to study the effect of quenching on the behavior of the lineshape‐ parameters S and W, in a set of age‐hardened Al‐6063 wrought alloys. An abrupt increase in the S‐parameter associated with abrupt decrease in the W‐parameter was obtained at a quenching temperature of 433 K due to precipitation formation. S‐parameter was used to determine the trapping rate and grain size of the alloy for different quenching temperatures. Trapping rate and grain size of about 7x10+10 sec–1 and 1250 Å, respectively, were obtained at 598 K quenching temperature. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Positron studies of defects in palladium containing hydrogen
Authors: Troev T. , Staikov P. , Popov E. , Nankov N. , Sato K. , Yoshiie T. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractPositron lifetime quantum‐mechanical calculations were carried out for investigation of Pd defects containing hydrogen atoms. The electron and positron wave functions have been obtained in the local density approximation to the two component density functional theory. Calculations were done for mono‐vacancy, vacancy‐clusters and vacancy clusters containing hydrogen. The positron trapping is reflected by a lowered annihilation rate, due to the lower electron density. It is found that hydrogen in larger three‐dimensional vacancy clusters change the annihilation characteristics drastically. The lattice relaxation of atoms around vacancy reduces the effective vacancy volume and decrease the positron lifetime at a vacancy. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Influence of the cure temperature and the accelerator content on the free volume in a DGEBA epoxy‐anhydride‐imidazole system
Authors: Tognana Sebastián , Salgueiro Walter , Somoza Alberto 
Published: October 2009

AbstractA PALS study on an epoxy‐anhydride system cured in presence of the accelerator imidazole was carried out. The rate of the curing reaction was changed, modifying in this way the final structure of the samples. Specifically, the parameters cure temperature and accelerator content were modified. From the calorimetric scans, the glass transition temperature of each sample was determined. The results obtained using both techniques are jointly discussed. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)