bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Timing of Dose Relative to Sexual Intercourse Attempt in Previous Sildenafil Citrate Users Treated with Tadalafil: A Geographical Comparison from a Single Arm, Open-Label Study
Authors: Rubio-Aurioles Eusebio , Glina Sidney , Abdo Carmita H.N. , Hernandez-Serrano Ruben , Rampazzo Claudia , Sotomayor Mariano , West Teena M. , Gallagher Gabrielle L. , Lenero Enrique 
Published: August 2009

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Previous research has demonstrated that sildenafil citrate users alter dosing-sexual attempt behavior when switched to tadalafil. The impact of geography and culture on sexual behavior with phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor treatment has not been fully investigated.

Aim
To describe and compare the changes in dosing-sexual attempt behavior with sildenafil citrate vs. tadalafil treatment across four distinct geographies: Asia, Australia/New Zealand (ANZ), Central Eastern Europe/Middle East (CEE/ME), and Latin America (LA).

Methods
Data from a single-arm, open-label clinical trial conducted in 21 countries from November 2002 to May 2004 were used in this analysis. Men with erectile dysfunction and a history of ≥6-week prior sildenafil citrate use continued sildenafil citrate treatment for 4 weeks then switched to tadalafil for 8 weeks. Dosing instructions were provided.

Main Outcomes Measures
Timing of dose and sexual intercourse was assessed through patient diaries for the final 4 weeks of each treatment period.

Results
A total of 2,760 men were enrolled: Asia 15.8%; ANZ 29.4%; CEE/ME 19.7%; LA 35.1%. The median time from dosing to intercourse was significantly increased during tadalafil treatment across all geographical regions; however, the magnitude of increase differed significantly by geography (P &lt; 0.0001). The Asian cohort demonstrated the shortest duration between dosing and sexual intercourse attempts (irrespective of drug), and altered sexual behavior the least upon switching to tadalafil. The ANZ cohort demonstrated the longest duration between dosing and sexual intercourse attempts (irrespective of drug), and altered sexual behavior the most upon switching to tadalafil.

Conclusion
Men with a history of established sildenafil citrate use alter their dose-attempt behavior when treated with tadalafil irrespective of geography. However, the extent to which sexual behavior alters is not uniform across geographical regions, suggesting that dosing instructions and duration of drug effectiveness, in combination with personal and cultural preferences, may determine sexual behavior with PDE5 inhibitor use.
Erectile Dysfunction in Heart Failure: Correlation with Severity, Exercise Performance, Comorbidities, and Heart Failure Treatment
Authors: Apostolo Anna , Vignati Carlo , Brusoni Denise , Cattadori Gaia , Contini Mauro , Veglia Fabrizio , Magrì Damiano , Palermo Pietro , Tedesco Calogero , Doria Elisabetta , Fiorentini Cesare , Montorsi Piero , Agostoni Piergiuseppe 
Published: August 2009

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is frequent in males with chronic heart failure (HF) with a severe impact on quality of life for many individuals. The correlation of ED with age and HF severity, comorbidity, and treatment is unclear.

Aim
We evaluated the correlation between ED and HF severity, treatment, and comorbidity.

Methods
One hundred one HF patients aged ≤70 years, with left ventricular ejection fraction ≤40%, and stable clinical condition took part in the study. We measured: (i) hemoglobin, glycemia, glicated hemoglobin, creatinine, cholesterol, thyroid-stimulating-hormone, C-reactive-protein, total/free testosterone; (ii) ED, depression, urological symptoms, and signs of low testosterone by means of questionnaires; and (iii) HF severity by means of echo, brain natriuretic peptide, and cardiopulmonary exercise test.

Main Outcome Measures
ED was measured by means of International Index of Erectile Function-5 questionnaire and its score was correlated with exercise cardiopulmonary test parameters, HF severity, treatment and HF comorbidities.

Results
ED prevalence was 69.3%, 81.1%, and 56% in total population and in patients with and without coronary artery lesions, respectively. ED was absent in 31 while it scored mild, mild to moderate, moderate and severe in 15, 18, 12, 25 individuals, respectively. Sexual activity requires, in the orgasmic phase, an oxygen consumption (VO2) between 10 and 14 mL/min/kg. In none of the individuals with peakVO2 &lt; 10 mL/min/kg was sexual function normal or slightly impaired, while in 10/29 of patients with peakVO2 between 10 and 14 mL/min/kg there was a normal or slightly reduced sexual performance. On monovariable analysis, several parameters were correlated with ED, but at multivariable analysis only age (P = 0.002), hemoglobin (P = 0.042), diabetes (P = 0.040), and use of diuretics (P = 0.052) remained so.

Conclusions
ED is frequent in HF. A normal or only slightly impaired sexual activity is possible with peakVO2 &gt; 10 mL/min/kg. On multivariable analysis, only age, diabetes, use of diuretics, and hemoglobin are related to ED.
Erectile Dysfunction: Initial Symptom of a Patient with Lung Cancer
Authors: Haliloglu Ahmet Hakan , Haliloglu Nuray , Akpinar Evrim Eylem , Ataoglu Omur 
Published: August 2009

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Penile metastases are rare and represent the advanced stage of the primary tumor. The patients usually have a history of a previously diagnosed malignancy and when metastasis to penis occurs, the most common findings would be priapism, pain, and difficulty in voiding.

Aim
We aimed to present a patient who had erectile dysfunction as the initial symptom of lung cancer. Besides the unusual clinical presentation, the sonographic and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of the penile metastasis were also not typical.

Methods
A 57-year-old man with erectile dysfunction was admitted to the Department of Urology. On physical examination, there was a rigid, smooth, immobile, and painless mass at the base of the corpora cavernosa. Ultrasonography and MRI were performed in order to delineate the nature of the lesion.

Results
Radiological findings could not lead to a certain diagnosis and the lesion could not be resected completely during the surgery. Therefore, biopsy of the corpus cavernosum penis was performed. The histopathological diagnosis was metastatic malignant epithelial tumor consistent with nonsmall cell carcinoma. Further investigations revealed a metastatic lung cancer.

Conclusions
Penile metastasis may rarely be the initial presentation of a malignancy and erectile dysfunction may be a seldom symptom.
Analysis of high‐resolution HLA‐A, ‐B, ‐Cw, ‐DRB1, and ‐DQB1 alleles and haplotypes in 718 Chinese marrow donors based on donor–recipient confirmatory typings
Authors: Hei A.‐L. , Li W. , Deng Z.‐H. , He J. , Jin W.‐M. , Du D. , Zhou X.‐Y. , Xiao Y. , Zhang Z.‐X. , Cai J.‐P. 
Published: August 2009

SummaryHigh‐resolution human leucocyte antigen (HLA)‐A, ‐B, ‐Cw, ‐DRB1, and ‐DQB1 alleles and haplotype frequencies were analysed from 718 Chinese healthy donors selected from the Chinese Marrow Donor Program registry based on HLA donor–recipient confirmatory typings. A total of 28 HLA‐A, 61 HLA‐B, 30 HLA‐Cw, 40 HLA‐DRB1 and 18 HLA‐DQB1 alleles were identified, and HLA‐A*1101, A*2402, A*0201, B*4001, Cw*0702, Cw*0102, Cw*0304, DRB1*0901, DRB1*1501, DQB1*0301, DQB1*0303 and DQB1*0601 were found with frequencies higher than 10% in this study population. Multiple‐locus haplotype analysis by the maximum‐likelihood method revealed 45 A–B, 38 Cw–B, 47 B–DRB1, 29 DRB1–DQB1, 24 A–B–DRB1, 38 A–Cw–B, 23 A–Cw–B–DRB1, 33 Cw–B–DRB1–DQB1 and 22 A–Cw–B–DRB1–DQB1 haplotypes with frequencies >0.5%. The most common two‐, three‐, four‐ and five‐locus haplotypes in this population were: A*0207–B*4601 (7.34%), Cw*0102–B*4601 (8.71%), B*1302–DRB1*0701 (6.19%), DRB1*0901–DQB1*0303 (14.27%), A*3001–B*1302–DRB1*0701 (5.36%), A*0207–Cw*0102–B*4601 (7.06%), A*3001–Cw*0602–B*1302–DRB1*0701 (5.36%), Cw*0602–B*1302–DRB1*0701–DQB1*0202 (6.12%) and A*3001–Cw*0602–B*1302–DRB1*0701–DQB1*0202 (5.29%). Presentation of the high‐resolution alleles and haplotypes data at HLA‐A, ‐B, ‐Cw, ‐DRB1 and ‐DQB1 loci will be useful for HLA matching in transplantation as well as for other medical and anthropological applications in the Chinese population.
Genetic mutation of transforming growth factor beta type II receptor in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Lee Eun Ha , Bae Kyung Jin , Kim Tae Kyu , Park Hye‐Seo , Lee Eun Ju , Kim Jin 
Published: August 2009

ABSTRACT Background and aim: The deregulation of transforming growth factor β (TGF‐β) action and its signaling function has been a widely accepted concept in carcinogenesis. However, its dual roles, as a tumor suppressor gene and oncogene, have interfered in applying TGF‐β signaling to cancer therapeutics. To evaluate its role in the carcinogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), we performed mutational analysis of the TGF‐β type II receptor (TβRII). Methods: Eighteen cases of OSCC were used for mutational analysis of TβRII. Normal surgical margin, dysplastic lesion, invasive carcinoma and metastatic cancer cells into lymph node tissue were used. Exon‐specific spanning primers of exon 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 of TβRII were used for the mutational analysis. Results: A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at the codon 191 was found in 8 cases. The genetic mutations were mainly found in exon 4 through dysplastic areas, carcinoma and metastatic areas, which induced the structural change or the alteration of hydrophobicity of the amino acid. Conclusions:TβRII mutations occur frequently in exon 4 in OSCC and their functional significance should be proven.
Fatal pulmonary complications associated with activated charcoal: An autopsy case
Authors: Do Sung‐Im , Park Sohyung , Ha Hongil , Kim Hyoung‐Joong 
Published: August 2009

ABSTRACTActivated charcoal is commonly used in the treatment of patients experiencing an oral overdose of drugs and is considered to be a safe, inert agent. However, various complications associated with the use of activated charcoal have been reported, with acute respiratory failure being a fatal one. In the presenting case, a 29‐year‐old female arrived at an emergency room having taken an overdose of drugs. When a nasogastric tube was inserted for gastric lavage and charcoal administration, she vomited and respiration ceased. The patient subsequently developed acute respiratory failure and died 19 days after admission. Charcoal deposition in the trachea, bronchi and lungs was observed on the postmortem examination.
Genetic analysis of NOD2 in patients with intestinal tuberculosis and Crohn's disease in Korea
Authors: Chong Yosep , Lee Mi Jung , Jung So Young , Kim Joon Mee , Cho Mee‐Yon 
Published: August 2009

ABSTRACT Background and aims:
Nod2 is an intracellular pathogen sensor found to be associated with susceptibility to Crohn's disease (CD) in Western countries. However, the results from Asian population including Koreans showed discordant findings. Meanwhile, a recent study demonstrated significant associations between NOD2 polymorphisms and tuberculosis (TB). However, in Korea, no studies on NOD2 mutations in TB patients have been conducted as of yet. Methods: We collected the surgically resected intestines confirmed as TB with more than one positivity among TB‐polymerase chain reaction, Ziehl‐Neelsen stain, and culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. CD was confirmed on the basis of usual clinico‐pathological criteria with all negativity for aforementioned tests and without other infectious causes. DNA extracted from the formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded tissues of patients with intestinal TB (14), CD (19), and controls (18) were amplified by PCR using five primers for Ala140Thr, Pro268Ser, Arg702Trp, Arg708His, Ala725Gly, Gly908Arg, and Leu1007fs. DNA sequencing was then performed. Results: Histologically, well‐defined granulomas with caseous necrosis were found in all TB but not in any CD. We found no mutations related to CD as well as TB in DNA sequencing. Conclusions: This result reconfirmed that the molecular changes associated with CD in Asian populations might differ from Western populations. Furthermore, the genetic change associated with TB in Korea is still remains to be clarified.
Single port surgery: Review of the literature and our initial experience
Authors: Yasuda Kazuhiro , Kitano Seigo 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThis review summarizes the published data regarding single port surgery (SPS) in order to evaluate the current status of SPS. SPS is a rapidly evolving technique in minimally invasive surgery. A wide variety of SPS have been performed since 1992, including appendectomy, cholecystectomy, colectomy, inguinal hernia repair, liver cyst fenestration, and bariatric surgery, and the technical feasibility has been demonstrated. Further advancements in technology and technique may allow the broad acceptance of this new method. Prospective randomized trials comparing SPS to laparoscopic surgery are essential to further determine the advantages and disadvantages of SPS.
Laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery: Japanese experience
Authors: Konishi F , Kawamura Y , Kitano S , Kimura T , Watanabe M 
Published: August 2009

AbstractIn Japan, laparoscopic colectomy for cancer started in 1992. A national survey has revealed that, since that time, the number of cases that have undergone this procedure has steadily increased, and by 2007, there were over 9000 cases. This figure includes an increase in the percentage of more advanced cases, which has occurred due to technical improvements in lymph node dissection.A Japanese randomized controlled trial comparing laparoscopic to open surgery started in November 2004, with enrollment ending in April 2009 with 1050 cases. For this study, preoperative stage T3 and T4 cases were selected for inclusion, and D3 dissection was required.To assess the technical skill of surgeons, the Japan Society of Endoscopic Surgery established the Endoscopic Surgical Skill Qualification System to encourage high‐level surgical techniques. Assessment is conducted by reviewing unedited videos. The success rate for colon and rectal surgeries has ranged between 37%–40%. The Endoscopic Surgical Skill Qualification System has contributed to the establishment of standard technical skills in laparoscopic surgery, the development of an educational system for laparoscopic surgeons, and a reduction in the number complications. Technical difficulties still exist in laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery, but with the technical progress in laparoscopic colorectal surgery, the number of laparoscopic rectal cancer surgeries has been gradually increasing in number.A multicentric phase II study on the feasibility and long‐term outcome for stage I and II rectal cancer started in 2008. In this study, the short‐term outcomes including anastomotic leakage rate and long‐term survival, will be clarified.Combined with continuously improved technologies, training techniques and surgical standards, laparoscopic colorectal surgery is steadily progressing in Japan.
Antiretroviral Tissue Kinetics: In Vivo Imaging Using Positron Emission Tomography
Authors: Di Mascio Michele , Srinivasula Sharat , Bhattacharjee Abesh , Cheng Lily , Martiniova Lucia , Herscovitch Peter , Lertora Juan , Kiesewetter Dale 
Published: August 2009

ABSTRACTOur current knowledge on the antiviral efficacy, dosing, and toxicity of available highly active antiretroviral therapy regimens is mostly derived from plasma or blood kinetics of anti-human immunodeficiency virus (anti-HIV) drugs. However, the blood comprises only 2% of the total target cells in the body. Tissue drug levels may differ substantially from corresponding plasma levels, and drug distribution processes may be characterized by high intertissue variability, leading to suboptimal target site concentrations and the potential risk for therapeutic failures. Positron emission tomography has greatly expanded the scope of the pharmacokinetic measurements that can be performed noninvasively in animal models or humans. We have prepared [18F]FPMPA, a fluorine-18-radiolabeled analogue of tenofovir, to study antiretroviral tissue kinetics in vivo noninvasively and tested the imaging probe in rats. The biodistribution of the fluorine-18 analogue closely follows that of nonfluorinated tenofovir. Compared to that in the blood, the levels of penetration of the antiretroviral drug were found to be significantly reduced in the spleen and submandibular lymph nodes (∼2-fold), in the mesenteric lymph nodes and the testes (∼4-fold), and in the brain compartment (∼25-fold). Intersubject variability of the trough drug concentration (measured at 120 min) in certain tissues, like the colon (coefficient of variation, >100%), is not reflected by the intersubject variability in the blood compartment (coefficient of variation, 24%). Positron emission tomography imaging of the fluorine-18 analogue revealed the accumulation of the antiretroviral drug in the cortex of the kidneys, a potential correlate of tenofovir-induced nephrotoxicity observed in HIV-1-infected treated patients. Thus, [18F]FPMPA is a promising radiotracer for evaluation of tenofovir biodistribution under carefully controlled drug administration protocols.
Prospective Randomized Trial of Six-Month versus Nine-Month Therapy for Intestinal Tuberculosis
Authors: Park Sang Hyoung , Yang Suk-Kyun , Yang Dong-Hoon , Kim Kyung Jo , Yoon Soon Man , Choe Jae Won , Ye Byong Duk , Byeon Jeong-Sik , Myung Seung-Jae , Kim Jin-Ho 
Published: August 2009

ABSTRACT

Intestinal tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a common disease worldwide. However, the optimal duration of anti-TB medication has not been well established. We therefore compared the efficacy of 6-month and 9-month therapy in the treatment of intestinal TB. Ninety patients definitely diagnosed with intestinal TB were randomized into 6-month (
n
= 45) or 9-month (
n
= 45) treatment groups, prospectively. The primary end point was complete response, defined as endoscopic healing of active lesions. Patients were followed up monthly for 3 months after therapy initiation, then every 3 months until the end of therapy, and finally 1 year later. Relapse was assessed 1 year after the end of therapy by patient interview and colonoscopy. Baseline characteristics were similar in the 6-month and 9-month groups. Intention-to-treat analysis revealed no significant differences between the two groups in complete response (6-month group, 93.3%; 9-month group, 91.1%;
P
= 1.00) or recurrence rate (6-month group, 2.4%; 9-month group, 0.0%;
P
= 1.00). Median follow-up duration was 39 months in the 6-month group and 32 months in the 9-month group. No surgery was performed on any patient in either group. In conclusion, the 6-month therapy was as effective as 9-month therapy in patients with intestinal TB and may have the additional benefits of reduced treatment cost and increased compliance.
Strategy To Create Chimeric Proteins Derived from Functional Adhesin Regions of
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
for Vaccine Development
Authors: Schurwanz Nicol , Jacobs Enno , Dumke Roger 
Published: August 2009

ABSTRACT

The cell wall-less bacterium
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
is one of the most common agents of respiratory tract diseases in humans. Adhesin-mediated binding of the bacteria to host cells is a crucial step in colonization and subsequent pathogenesis. For the first time, we expressed 16 recombinant proteins covering almost the whole major adhesin P1 and the adherence-associated protein P30 to characterize these proteins immunologically and functionally. We describe a new in vitro assay using several human cell lines in combination with fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis to screen antisera raised against the recombinant proteins quantitatively for adherence inhibition activity. The protein derived from the nearly C-terminal part of the P1 adhesin (amino acids [aa] 1288 to 1518) and the protein P30 (aa 17 to 274) especially showed prominent immunoreactivity with sera from
M. pneumoniae
-immunized guinea pigs as well as with
M. pneumoniae
-positive patient sera. We demonstrate that the same protein regions are involved in mediating cytadherence since antibodies against these adhesin regions decrease mycoplasma adhesion to human cells significantly. For further vaccine studies, we optimized the immunogenic and adherence-mediating properties of the antigen by combining both the P1 and the P30 regions in a novel chimeric protein. Antibodies against this protein show an increased reduction of
M. pneumoniae
adherence to human bronchial epithelial cells by 95%, which is comparable to results with polyspecific anti-
M. pneumoniae
animal serum. Our strategy results in a promising defined antigen candidate for reducing or even preventing
M. pneumoniae
colonization of the respiratory tract in future vaccination studies.
Complicated Urinary Tract Infection Is Associated with Uroepithelial Expression of Proinflammatory Protein S100A8
Authors: Reyes Leticia , Alvarez Sophie , Allam Ayman , Reinhard Mary , Brown Mary B. 
Published: August 2009

ABSTRACT

F344 rats chronically infected with
Ureaplasma parvum
develop two distinct profiles: asymptomatic urinary tract infection (UTI) and UTI complicated by struvite urolithiasis. To identify factors that affect disease outcome, we characterized the temporal host immune response during infection by histopathologic analysis and in situ localization of
U. parvum
. We also used differential quantitative proteomics to identify distinguishing host cellular responses associated with complicated UTI. In animals in which microbial colonization was limited to the mucosal surface, inflammation was indistinguishable from that which occurred in sham-inoculated controls, and the inflammation resolved by 72 h postinoculation (p.i.) in both groups. However, inflammation persisted in animals with microbial colonization that extended into the deeper layers of the submucosa. Proteome profiling showed that bladder tissues from animals with complicated UTIs had significant increases (
P
< 0.01) in proteins involved in apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Animals with complicated UTIs (2 weeks p.i.) had the highest concentrations of the proinflammatory protein S100A8 (
P
≤ 0.005) in bladder tissues, and the levels of S100A8 positively correlated with those of proinflammatory cytokines GRO/KC (
P
≤ 0.003) and interleukin-1α (
P
≤ 0.03) in urine. The bladder uroepithelium was a prominent cell source of S100A8-S100A9 in animals with complicated UTIs (2 weeks p.i.), which was not detected in animals with asymptomatic UTIs (2 weeks p.i.) or in any bladder tissues harvested at earlier p.i. time points. Based on these results, we surmise that invasive colonization of the bladder triggers chronic inflammation and immune dysregulation, which may be critical to struvite formation.
Resource control graphs
Authors: Moyen Jean-Yves 
Published: August 2009

Resource Control Graphs are an abstract representation of programs. Each state of the program is abstracted by its size, and each instruction is abstracted by the effects it has on the state size whenever it is executed. The abstractions of instruction effects are then used as weights on the arcs of a program's Control Flow Graph.
Termination is proved by finding decreases in a well-founded order on state-size, in line with other termination analyses, resulting in proofs similar in spirit to those produced by Size Change Termination analysis.
However, the size of states may also be used to measure the amount of space consumed by the program at each point of execution. This leads to an alternative characterisation of the Non Size Increasing programs, that is, of programs that can compute without allocating new memory.
This new tool is able to encompass several existing analyses and similarities with other studies, suggesting that even more analyses might be expressable in this framework, thus giving hopes for a generic tool for studying programs.