bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting perforator location on preoperative imaging for the profunda artery perforator flap
Authors: Haddock Nicholas T. , Greaney Patrick , Otterburn David , Levine Steve , Allen Robert J. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractIntroduction: The profunda artery perforator (PAP) flap is a new addition to our reconstructive armamentarium. In effort to better understand patient candidacy for the PAP flap we characterized the profunda artery perforators on preoperative imaging. Methods: A retrospective review was completed of 40 preoperative posterior thigh computed tomography angiographies and magnetic resonance angiographies by four plastic surgeons. The positioning of the patient, type of study, number of perforators, and size of perforators were documented. The location was documented on an x–y‐axis. Perforator course and surrounding musculature was documented. Results: In 98.8% of posterior thighs suitable profunda artery perforators were identified. The average number and size of perforators was 3.3 and 1.9 mm. The most common perforator was medial (present in 85.6% of thighs); found near the adductor magnus at 3.8 cm from midline and 5.0 cm below the gluteal fold. The second most common perforator was lateral (present in 65.4% of thighs); found near the biceps femoris and vastus lateralis at 12.0 cm from midline and 5.0 cm below the gluteal fold. Nearly 48.3% were purely septocutaneous. And 51.7% had an intramuscular course (average length 5.7 cm). Preoperative imaging corresponded to suitable perforators at the time of dissection of all PAP flaps. Thirty five PAP flaps (18 patients) were performed with 100% flap survival. Conclusion: Analysis of preoperative posterior thigh imaging confirms our intraoperative findings that a considerable number of suitable posterior thigh profunda perforators are present, emerge from the fascia in a common pattern, and are of sufficient caliber to provide adequate flap perfusion and recipient vessel size match. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery, 2012.
Treatment of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia with vascularized fibular periosteal transplant
Authors: Soldado Francisco , Fontecha Cesar Garcia , Haddad Sleiman , Hernandez‐Fernandez A. , Corona Pablo , Guerra‐Farfan Ernesto 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe vascularized fibular periosteal flap has been recently described and showed solid angio and osteogenic features. We report the use of a free vascularized fibular periosteal transplant in the treatment of a El‐Rosasy‐Paley Type III congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia in a 7‐year‐old boy, with a prior unsuccessful surgery at the age of three. The contralateral fibular periosteum was used to replace two‐thirds of the hamartomatous tibial periosteum. We did not proceed to debriding the focus of the pseudarthrosis nor addressed the tibial recurvatum or revised the previous tibial rod. Consolidation was achieved radiologically at 3 months, allowing for the tibial rod to be removed. One year postoperatively, the patient ambulated without the use of a protective orthesis and resumed his sports practice. This novel pathogenesis‐based technique showed promising results and a prompt healing of such a difficult orthopedic condition. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery, 2012.
On consideration of radiated power in RF field simulations for MRI
Authors: Liu Wanzhan , Kao Chien‐ping , Collins Christopher M. , Smith Michael B. , Yang Qing X. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractIn numerical analyses of radiofrequency (RF) fields for MRI, RF power is often permitted to radiate out of the problem region. In reality, RF power will be confined by the magnet bore and RF screen enclosing the magnet room. We present numerical calculations at different frequencies for various surface and volume coils, with samples from simple spheres to the human body in environments from free space to a shielded RF room. Results for calculations within a limited problem region show radiated power increases with frequency. When the magnet room RF screen is included, nearly all the power is dissipated in the human subject. For limited problem regions, inclusion of a term for radiation loss results in an underestimation of transmit efficiency compared to results including the complete bore and RF screen. If the term for radiated power is not included, calculated coil efficiencies are slightly overestimated compared to the complete case. Magn Reson Med, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Dynamic monitoring of carnitine and acetylcarnitine in the trimethylamine signal after exercise in human skeletal muscle by 7T 1H‐MRS
Authors: Ren Jimin , Lakoski Susan , Haller Ronald G. , Sherry A. Dean , Malloy Craig R. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractA trimethylamine (TMA) moiety is present in carnitine and acetylcarnitine, and both molecules play critical roles in muscle metabolism. At 7 T, the chemical shift dispersion was sufficient to routinely resolve the TMA signals from carnitine at 3.20 and from acetylcarnitine at 3.17 ppm in the 1H‐MRS (Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy) of human soleus muscle with a temporal resolution of about 2 min. In healthy, sedentary adults, the concentration of acetylcarnitine increased nearly 10‐fold, to 4.1 ± 1.0 mmol/kg, in soleus muscle after 5 min of calf‐raise exercise and recovered to a baseline concentration of 0.5 ± 0.3 mmol/kg. While the half‐time for decay of acetylcarnitine was the same whether measured from the TMA signal (18.8 ± 5.6 min) or measured from the methyl signal (19.4 ± 6.1 min), the detection of acetylcarnitine by its TMA signal in soleus has the advantage of higher sensitivity and without overlapping from lipid signals. Although the activity of carnitine acetyltransferase is sufficient to allow equilibrium between carnitine and coenzyme‐A pools, the exchange in TMA signal between carnitine and acetylcarnitine is slow in soleus following exercise on 7T 1H‐NMR time scale. The TMA signal provides a simple and direct measure of the relative amounts of carnitine and acetylcarnitine. Magn Reson Med, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Fast gated EPR imaging of the beating heart: Spatiotemporally resolved 3D imaging of free‐radical distribution during the cardiac cycle
Authors: Chen Zhiyu , Reyes Levy A. , Johnson David H. , Velayutham Murugesan , Yang Changjun , Samouilov Alexandre , Zweier Jay L. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractIn vivo or ex vivo electron paramagnetic resonance imaging (EPRI) is a powerful technique for determining the spatial distribution of free radicals and other paramagnetic species in living organs and tissues. However, applications of EPRI have been limited by long projection acquisition times and the consequent fact that rapid gated EPRI was not possible. Hence in vivo EPRI typically provided only time‐averaged information. In order to achieve direct gated EPRI, a fast EPR acquisition scheme was developed to decrease EPR projection acquisition time down to 10–20 ms, along with corresponding software and instrumentation to achieve fast gated EPRI of the isolated beating heart with submillimeter spatial resolution in as little as 2–3 min. Reconstructed images display temporal and spatial variations of the free‐radical distribution, anatomical structure, and contractile function within the rat heart during the cardiac cycle. Magn Reson Med, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Incorporation of prior knowledge in compressed sensing for faster acquisition of hyperpolarized gas images
Authors: Ajraoui S. , Parra‐Robles J. , Wild J. M. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractAdding prior knowledge to compressed sensing reconstruction can improve image reconstruction. In this work, two approaches are investigated to improve reconstruction of two‐dimensional hyperpolarized 3He lung ventilation images using prior knowledge. When compared against a standard compressed sensing reconstruction, the proposed methods allowed acquisition of images with higher under‐sampling factors and reduction of the blurring effects that increase with higher reduction factors when fixed flip angles are used. These methods incorporate the prior knowledge of polarization decay of hyperpolarized 3He and the mutual anatomical information from a registered 1H image acquired in the same breath. Three times accelerated two‐dimensional images reconstructed with compressed sensing and prior knowledge gave lower root‐mean square error, than images reconstructed without introduction of any prior information. When introducing the polarization decay as prior knowledge, a significant improvement was achieved in the lung region, the root mean square value decreased by 45% and from the whole image by 36%. When introducing the mutual anatomical information as prior knowledge, the root mean square decreased by 21% over the lung region and by 15% over the whole image. Magn Reson Med, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The effect of temperature on amount and structure of motor variability during 2‐minute maximum voluntary contraction
Authors: Brazaitis Marius , Skurvydas Albertas , Pukėnas Kazimieras , Daniusevic̆iūtė Laura , Mickevic̆ienė Dalia , Solianik Rima 
Published: April 2012

AbstractIntroduction:In this study, we questioned whether local cooling of muscle or heating involving core and muscle temperatures are the main indicators for force variability.Methods:Ten volunteers performed a 2‐min maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) of the knee extensors under control (CON) conditions after passive heating (HT) and cooling (CL) of the lower body.Results:HT increased muscle and rectal temperatures, whereas CL lowered muscle temperature but did not affect rectal temperature. During 2‐min MVC, peak force decreased to a lower level in HT compared with CON and CL experiments. Greater central fatigue was found in the HT experiment, and there was less in the CL experiment than in the CON experiment.Conclusions:Increased core and muscle temperature increased physiological tremor and the amount and structural complexity of force variability of the exercising muscles, whereas local muscle cooling decreased all force variability variables measured. Muscle Nerve, 2012
Approximate analytical and numerical solutions for radial non‐Darcian flow to a well in a leaky aquifer with wellbore storage and skin effect
Authors: Wen Zhang , Wang Quanrong 
Published: April 2012

SUMMARYThis study investigated non‐Darcian flow to a well in a leaky aquifer considering wellbore storage and a finite‐thickness skin. The non‐Darcian flow is described by the Izbash equation. We have used a linearization procedure associated with the Laplace transform to solve such a non‐Darcian flow model. Besides, the Stehfest method has been used to invert the Laplace domain solutions for the drawdowns. We further analyzed the drawdowns inside the well for different cases. The results indicated that a smaller BD results in a smaller drawdown at late times and the leakage has little effect on the drawdown inside the well at early times, where BD is a dimensionless parameter reflecting the leakage. We have also found that the flow for the negative skin case approaches the steady‐state earlier than that for the positive skin. In addition, the drawdown inside the well with a positive skin is larger than that without skin effect at late times, and a larger thickness of the skin results in a greater drawdown inside the well at late times for the positive skin case. A reverse result has been found for the negative skin case. Finally, we have developed a finite‐difference solution for such a non‐Darcian flow model and compared the numerical solution with the approximate analytical solution. It has been shown that the linearization procedure works very well for such a non‐Darcian flow model at late times, and it underestimates the drawdowns at early times. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nicorandil ameliorates hypertension‐related bladder dysfunction in the rat
Authors: Saito Motoaki , Ohmasa Fumiya , Tsounapi Panagiota , Inoue Seiya , Dimitriadis Fotios , Kinoshita Yukako , Satoh Keisuke 
Published: April 2012

AbstractAimsThere is increasing evidence that ischemia is one of the main etiology in overactive bladder (OAB), and that nicorandil prevents OAB. We investigated the effect of nicorandil on hypertension‐related bladder dysfunction in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs).MethodsTwelve‐week‐old SHRs received six‐weeks treatment with nicorandil (0, 3, or 10 mg/kg, i.p. every day). Wistar rats were used for normotensive controls. Six weeks after nicorandil treatment, the bladder blood flow was estimated by hydrogen clearance method, and the bladder functions were estimated by voiding behavior studies and functional studies. Tissue levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) were measured by ELISA method. Furthermore, the participation levels of KATP channel pores were investigated by real‐time PCR.ResultsSHRs showed significant increases in blood pressure, micturition frequency, tissue levels of NGF and expressions of both KIR6.1 and KIR6.2 mRNAs, and a significant decrease in the bladder blood flow. The carbachol‐induced contractile responses were similar in all groups. Although both doses of nicorandil failed to decrease the blood pressure, nicorandil significantly decreased the micturition frequency, tissue levels of NGF and increased the bladder blood flow in a dose dependent manner. The expressions of KIR6.1 and KIR6.2 mRNAs were slightly up‐regulated by the low dose of nicorandil, whereas the high dose of nicorandil significantly up‐regulated those expressions compared to non‐treated SHRs.ConclusionsThese data indicate that nicorandil prevents hypertension‐related bladder dysfunction in the SHR, which may be related to its effect on the increased blood flow in the bladder. Neurourol. Urodynam. 31:695–701, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Under the tip of the iceberg: Psychological factors in incontinence
Authors: Molinuevo Beatriz , Batista‐Miranda José E. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractAims:To highlight two main psychological factors (cognitive barriers and safety‐behaviors) involved in the development and maintenance of emotional distress in patients with urinary incontinence (UI) and thus facilitate a better understanding of this condition and contribute to a more comprehensive treatment.Materials and Methods:Articles and books were reviewed up to December 2010 using a non‐systematic research in MEDLINE and PsycINFO, focusing on the situations more frequently seen in our clinical experience.Results:Several emotional symptoms that hinder a person's ability to benefit from urological treatment were found. An “accident” places a person at risk of developing a constant state of heightened worry and increased vigilance that predisposes the individual to develop significant anxiety and depression. Cognitive barriers such as dysfunctional beliefs, automatic negative thoughts, and cognitive biases are frequent. They affect patients' behavior and influence the development of coping strategies (safety‐seeking behaviors) to manage symptoms and prevent feared consequences. Cognitions may act as barriers that lead to a misperception of one's health and maintain emotional distress. Safety behaviors are negatively reinforced and prevent disconfirmation of dysfunctional cognitions, thus maintaining the trouble and distress. Clinical examples are outlined.Conclusions:Cognitive barriers and safety behaviors explain some of the atypical psychological patterns seen in patients with UI. Future research should be oriented to design multimodal interventions and assess their impact on health outcomes. Whenever possible, the assessment of emotional, cognitive, and behavioral responses in individuals with UI could improve the management of this condition. Cognitive‐behavioral therapy should be recommended to certain patients. Neurourol. Urodynam. 31:669–671, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Brain activity underlying impaired continence control in older women with overactive bladder
Authors: Tadic Stasa D. , Griffiths Derek , Schaefer Werner , Murrin Andrew , Clarkson Becky , Resnick Neil M. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractAimsTo identify, in subjects with overactive bladder (OAB), differences in brain activity between those who maintained and those who lost bladder control during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the brain with simultaneous urodynamics.MethodsSecondary analysis of a cohort of older women (aged >60) with proven urgency urinary incontinence, who, in the scanner, either developed detrusor overactivity and incontinence (the “DO group”) or did not (the “no DO” group). A priori hypothesis: during urgency provoked by bladder filling, without DO, activity in regions related to continence control is diminished in the DO group; specifically (1a) less activation in supplementary motor area (SMA) and (1b) less deactivation in prefrontal cortex (PFC) and parahippocampal complex (PH). We also explored phenotypic (clinical and urodynamic) differences between the groups.ResultsDuring urgency preceding DO, the DO group showed stronger activation in SMA and adjacent regions (hypothesis 1a rejected), and less deactivation in PH but no significant difference in PFC (hypothesis 1b partially accepted). These subjects were older, with more changes in brain's white matter, decreased tolerance of bladder filling and greater burden of incontinence.Conclusions(1) In older women with OAB, brain activity in the SMA is greater among those with more easily elicitable DO, suggesting a compensatory response to failure of control elsewhere. (2) OAB is heterogeneous; one possible phenotype shows severe functional impairment attributable partly to age‐related white matter changes. (3) Functional brain imaging coupled with urodynamics may provide CNS markers of impaired continence control in subjects with OAB. Neurourol. Urodynam. 31:652–658, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A novel animal model of underactive bladder: Analysis of lower urinary tract function in a rat lumbar canal stenosis model
Authors: Sekido Noritoshi , Jyoraku Akira , Okada Hiroki , Wakamatsu Daisuke , Matsuya Hidekazu , Nishiyama Hiroyuki 
Published: April 2012

AbstractAimsAn animal model of neurogenic underactive bladder (UAB) has not been established. It was reported that a rat lumbar spinal canal stenosis (LCS) model created by cauda equina compression manifested intermittent claudication and allodynia. In this study, we examined the lower urinary tract function of the rat LCS model.MethodsOne small hole was drilled at the fifth lumbar vertebral arch (sham), and a rectangular piece of silicone rubber was inserted into the L5–L6 epidural space (LCS). Before and after surgery, a metabolic cage study was performed. After surgery, awake cystometry (CMG) and an in vitro muscle strip study were performed. Bladder morphology was evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining.ResultsThe LCS rats showed a significant decrease in voided volume and a significant increase in postvoid residual volume and residual urine rate compared with Sham rats. CMG showed that the postvoid residual urine volume and numbers of non‐voiding contractions significantly increased, while the voided volume, threshold pressure, and maximum intravesical pressure during voiding significantly decreased. There were no significant differences between sham and LCS rats in response to carbachol. In contrast, there was a significant increase in response to field stimulation, especially at lower frequencies, in LCS rats. LCS rats showed no obvious difference in detrusor morphology.ConclusionsThis rat model requires a relatively simple surgical procedure and has characteristics of neurogenic UAB. It seems to be useful in the pathophysiological elucidation of UAB and might have potential for assessment of pharmacotherapy of UAB. Neurourol. Urodynam. 31:1190–1196, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The relationship between pelvic organ prolapse, genital body image, and sexual health
Authors: Zielinski Ruth , Miller Janis , Low Lisa Kane , Sampselle Carolyn , DeLancey John O.L. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractAimsPelvic organ prolapse involves physical changes to the genitals, potentially distressing to women. We hypothesized poorer genital body image in prolapsed women versus controls and that genital body image would correlate with sexual health.MethodsSeventy‐four sexually active women, 13 with prolapse, 24 with surgically corrected prolapse, 37 without prolapse, completed the Genital Self Image Scale (GSIS‐20), Body Esteem Scale (BES), and Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI).ResultsIn prolapsed women median GSIS‐20 scores were 28/40, women with surgically corrected prolapse 32/40 and never prolapsed 34/40 (χ2 = 9.6, P < 0.01). Post hoc analysis showed significant differences between prolapsed and never prolapsed groups (P < 0.05). After adjusting for BES, GSIS‐20 correlated with overall FSFI (r = 0.384, P < 0.01), and its subscales of desire (r =0.34, P < 0.05) and satisfaction (r = 0.41, P < 0.01).ConclusionsWomen with prolapse are at risk for poorer genital body image and reduced sexual health. Neurourol. Urodynam. 31:1145–1148, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Variations in Diet and Stature: Are They Linked? Bioarchaeology and Paleodietary Bayesian Mixing Models from Linköping, Sweden
Authors: Arcini Caroline , Ahlström Torbjörn , Tagesson Göran 
Published: April 2012

ABSTRACTFrom the early 19th century to the late 20th century, the mean stature of Swedish conscripts increased from 167 to 177 cm. Based on osteological data, estimated statures of medieval skeletal populations indicate that mean stature of males had decreased from an average 173 cm during the medieval period, to 165 cm at the mid 19th century. This change with respect to stature could possibly be linked to the change in diet. Based on the skeletal material unearthed from Linköping, Sweden, we explored the possible association between a changing diet and a decreasing stature. We compared the medieval sample (1100–1300 AD) to a sample dated 1780–1810 AD. A significant multiple regression analysis demonstrates that both sex and chronology explain the variation seen in femur length, but not stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen. The Bayesian mixing model with uninformative priors suggests that pike is dominating in both the medieval and historical samples, followed by pig, cattle, cod and herring. Using an informative prior based on the consumption from the 16th century Swedish warship Lindormen did not alter the consumption pattern shown by the inhabitants of Linköping. As our results do not suggest a major shift in diet, as well as pointing out lacustrine fish as well as pig as more important to the protein in the diet than cattle, it deviates from what is inferred based on historical records. We conclude that the diet in a town cannot be generalized from the consumption of a ship and probably not from institutions either. These contexts have dominated the reconstructions of 19th century diet in Sweden based on historical records. However, there is also the possibility that the two isotopes employed are not sufficiently delicate to detect such dietary changes. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Congenital and Childhood myeloproliferative disorders with eosinophilia responsive to imatinib
Authors: Abraham Shirley , Salama Mohamed , Hancock Jeffrey , Jacobsen Jeffrey , Fluchel Mark 
Published: April 2012

AbstractEosinophilia is seen in several myeloproliferative disorders (MPD). A subset of MPD involves the platelet‐derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRB) gene. Imatinib mesylate has been efficacious in treating some of these MPDs. Here we describe two patients with MPD with eosinophilia and PDGFRB rearrangements, one of which was congenital. Both patients were treated with single agent imatinib and continue to be in clinical, hematologic, and cytogenetic remission despite weaning doses. No definite guidelines currently exist regarding the exact dosing and duration of imatinib therapy for these patients. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012; 59: 928–929. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.