bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extraction, characterization, and utilization of mung bean starch as an edible coating material for papaya fruit shelf‐life enhancement
Authors: Sharma Madhu , Bains Aarti , Dhull Sanju Bala , Chawla Prince , Goksen Gulden , Ali Nemat 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis research was aimed to investigate the utilization of mung bean starch as an innovative edible coating material to enhance the shelf‐life of cut papaya fruits. The study focused on the extraction process of mung bean starch and its subsequent characterization through various analyses. Particle size (142.3 ± 1.24 nm), zeta potential (−25.52 ± 1.02 mV), morphological images, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, and thermal stability (68.36 ± 0.15°C) were assessed to determine the mung bean starch properties. The functional properties, such as bulk density (0.51 ± 0.004 g/cm3) and tapped density (0.62 ± 0.010 g/cm3), angle of repose (21.61°), swelling power (12.26 ± 0.25%), and minimum gelation concentration (4.01 ± 1.25%), were examined to detect its potential as a coating base material. Subsequently, the prepared mung bean starch coating solution (1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5%) was applied to papaya fruits and the coated fruits' physicochemical characteristics evaluated during storage. These characteristics encompassed color, weight loss, pH shifts, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, vitamin C content, fruit firmness, microbial analysis, and sensory attributes. The results revealed that starch coating on papaya maintained its color, reduced weight loss, preserved vitamin C, and delayed firmness loss, enhancing shelf‐life when compared to control sample. These findings demonstrated the effectiveness of mung bean starch coatings in preserving papaya fruits. The research made a significant contribution to the use of mung bean starch as a potential coating material for improving the shelf‐life of papaya fruits. This finding has great promise for the field of food preservation and quality control.
Association of fetal fraction and cell‐free fetal DNA with adverse pregnancy outcomes: A systematic review
Authors: Chen Yixin , Wang Chun , Wang Yonghong , Peng Xin , Li Rujing , Pan Feng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundAdverse pregnancy outcomes, which can be caused by multiple factors, present a significant threat to the health of mothers and their babies. Cell‐free fetal DNA (cffDNA) from placental trophoblast cells might be able to reflect placental and fetal status. Previous studies have yielded controversial results regarding the association of FF or cffDNA with various adverse pregnancy outcomes. A previous study has attempted to systematically assess the association between low fetal fraction (FF) and adverse pregnancy outcomes, but it failed to perform quantitative analyses due to the few studies included. In the present study, we attempted to quantitatively assess the association of FF (or cffDNA) with adverse pregnancy outcomes and further analyze the causes of heterogeneity.ObjectivesTo investigate the association of high/low FF or cffDNA with adverse pregnancy outcomes.Search StrategyWe searched the databases of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science from January 1, 1990, to June 15, 2022 in this meta‐analysis.Selection CriteriaStudies on the relationships of adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with FF or cell free DNA were included. Non‐English literature was excluded.Data Collection and AnalysisData about pregnancy outcomes and cell free DNA were extracted and meta‐analyzed. Subgroup analysis was performed by different outcomes.Main ResultsThere were 11 studies included involving 8280 participants. No significant heterogeneity was observed among the studies (I2 = 27%, 25%), and a fixed‐effect model was used for weighted quantitative analysis. The results revealed that the FF or cffDNA during pregnancy was significantly associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women (OR = 1.57, 95% CI [1.24, 1.99], P = 0.233). The overall incidence of the maternal adverse outcomes was 8% (95% CI: 5–13). Subgroup analysis of different outcomes showed an evident association between low FF or cffDNA and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) (OR = 1.76, 95% CI [1.36, 2.27], P = 0.581). There was no evidence that the occurrence of spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) and placental abnormality was associated with FF or cffDNA. No association was observed between low FF or cffDNA during pregnancy and adverse outcomes in fetuses (OR = 1.39, 95% CI [0.99, 1.94], P = 0.242). The overall incidence of adverse outcomes in fetuses was 8% (95% CI: 6–11). There were controversies over the association between high FF or cffDNA and HDP, and sPTB and small for gestational age infant, among different studies.ConclusionsPregnant women with low FF or cffDNA during the first or second trimester of pregnancy have an overall increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, especially HDP. However, the association between FF and various pregnancy outcomes needs to be further explored by more prospective studies.
Which type of forceps is better for nonrotational operative births? A simulation study comparing Thierry spatulas and Simpson‐Braun and Kielland forceps
Authors: Cuerva Marcos Javier , Villasante Pilar , Cruset Mariona , Pintado Carmen , Perez De Aguado Marta , Cortes Marta , Lopez Francisco , Bartha José Luis 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveObstetric forceps play an important role in safe childbirth, yet there is a lack of distinction between various forceps types in clinical practice. This study aimed to evaluate and compare perineal pressure and forces on the baby during nonrotational forceps‐assisted births using Simpson‐Braun forceps, Kielland forceps, and Thierry spatulas on a simulation model.MethodsThis experimental study involved six obstetricians conducting 108 forceps‐assisted births on a simulation model. Instruments were assessed for their impact on perineal pressure, traction force, and operator‐assessed difficulty.ResultsThierry's spatulas exerted the lowest force on the baby, while Kielland forceps exhibited the lowest perineal pressure, though not statistically significant. An experienced obstetrician demonstrated less perineal pressure with Simpson forceps. Notably, no significant differences in difficulty were observed between instruments.ConclusionThis study highlights distinctions in forceps performance, with Thierry spatulas applying the least force on the fetal head, while an experienced obstetrician fared better with Simpson forceps in terms of perineal pressure. Kielland forceps remain a viable alternative for nonrotational forceps births, showing comparable outcomes.
Broad‐range, high‐linearity, and fast‐response pressure sensing enabled by nanomechanical resonators based on 2D non‐layered material: β‐In2S3
Authors: Zhu Junzhi , Wu Song , Wang Luming , Wu Jiaqi , Zhu Jiankai , Zou Luwei , Xiao Fei , Su Ziluo , Jiao Chenyin , Pei Shenghai , Zhang Zejuan , Qin Jiaze , Xu Bo , Zhou Yu , Xia Juan , Wang Zenghui 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTwo‐dimensional (2D) non‐layered materials, along with their unique surface properties, offer intriguing prospects for sensing applications. Introducing mechanical degrees of freedom is expected to enrich the sensing performances of 2D non‐layered devices, such as high frequency, high tunability, and large dynamic range, which could lead to new types of high performance nanosensors. Here, we demonstrate 2D non‐layered nanomechanical resonant sensors based on β‐In2S3, where the devices exhibit robust nanomechanical vibrations up to the very high frequency (VHF) band. We show that such device can operate as pressure sensor with broad range (from 10−3 Torr to atmospheric pressure), high linearity (with a nonlinearity factor as low as 0.0071), and fast response (with an intrinsic response time less than 1 μs). We further unveil the frequency scaling law in these β‐In2S3 nanomechanical sensors and successfully extract both the Young's modulus and pretension for the crystal. Our work paves the way towards future wafer‐scale design and integrated sensors based on 2D non‐layered materials.image
Sunflower germplasms’ response to different water and salinity stress levels in greenhouse and field conditions under subsurface drip irrigation
Authors: Saylak Sevgi , Irmak Suat , Eskridge Kent M. , Dweikat Ismail 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is moderately tolerant to salt and water stress, but its production can still be significantly and adversely affected by increases in these stressors as a result of the negative impacts of climate change on agricultural soil and crop productivity. The morphological and productivity (dry head weight, dry root weight, dry shoot weight, head diameter, whole seed weight, crude protein content, crude oil content, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, eicosanoic acid, 11‐eicosenoic acid, homo‐gamma‐linolenic w6 acid, lignoceric acid and plant height) responses of modern sunflower germplasms to different levels of salt and drought stress under greenhouse and field conditions were investigated and analysed. Six germplasms were evaluated under three salt concentrations (0, 150 and 250 mM), and two germplasms were evaluated for drought response under three irrigation levels. Significant differences in the response of sunflower germplasms to water and salinity were detected. The same germplasms exhibited significant differences in response to water and salinity between the treatments, which also varied significantly between the germplasms for the same treatment. The irrigation level significantly influenced the amount of oil but not the crude protein or fatty acid composition. The results and information of this research can aid in selecting and improving sunflower productivity under adverse (i.e. saline and drought) conditions.
A blocking and distance management staff training intervention for torso‐ and head‐directed aggression
Authors: Wine Byron , Newcomb Eli T. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAlthough decades of behavior‐analytic studies have focused on decreasing the aggressive behavior of clients, relatively little research has been conducted on preventing injuries for the staff members who implement treatment plans. In this study, three direct‐care staff members working with clients presenting with aggressive behavior were taught targeted blocking and distance management techniques designed to keep the clients safe while preventing injuries to the participants. Findings indicated that all staff members acquired the target skills in simulations, after which the skills for two participants generalized to the natural work environment.
Challenges and opportunities for cancer stem cell‐targeted immunotherapies include immune checkpoint inhibitor, cancer stem cell‐dendritic cell vaccine, chimeric antigen receptor immune cells, and modified exosomes
Authors: Alqarni Abdullah , Jasim Saade Abdalkareem , Altalbawy Farag M. A. , Kaur Harpreet , Kaur Irwanjot , Rodriguez‐Benites Carlos , Deorari Mahamedha , Alwaily Enas R. , Al‐Ani Ahmed M. , Redhee Ahmed H. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCancer stem cells (CSCs) are associated with the tumor microenvironment (TME). CSCs induce tumorigenesis, tumor recurrence and progression, and resistance to standard therapies. Indeed, CSCs pose an increasing challenge to current cancer therapy due to their stemness or self‐renewal properties. The molecular and cellular interactions between heterogeneous CSCs and surrounding TME components and tumor‐supporting immune cells show synergistic effects toward treatment failure. In the immunosuppressive TME, CSCs express various immunoregulatory proteins, growth factors, metabolites and cytokines, and also produce exosomes, a type of extracellular vesicles, to protect themselves from host immune surveillance. Among these, the identification and application of CSC‐derived exosomes could be considered for the development of therapeutic approaches to eliminate CSCs or cancer, in addition to targeting the modulators that remodel the composition of the TME, as reviewed in this study. Here, we introduce the role of CSCs and how their interaction with TME complicates immunotherapies, and then present the CSC‐based immunotherapy and the limitation of these therapies. We describe the biology and role of tumor/CSC‐derived exosomes that induce immune suppression in the TME, and finally, introduce their potentials for the development of CSC‐based targeted immunotherapy in the future.
Agenesis of the ductus venosus and fetal growth restriction: Is there a relation? A tertiary care center experience and systematic review of the literature
Authors: Piemonti Linda , Simonetto Chiara , Bovino Alessandra , Pinto Alessia , Garzon Simone , Grisolia Gianpaolo , Raffaelli Ricciarda 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAn update on the antenatal diagnosis of agenesis of ductus venosus (ADV) by differentiating the various possible types of shunts, focusing on the associated fetal anomalies, and predicting neonatal outcomes. This study reviewed the experience of two tertiary referral centers and literature. An unfavorable outcome was detected in preterm fetuses (p = 0.017), fetuses with a genetic anomaly (p = 0.046) or other associated malformations (p < 0.001). 71% of ADVs with other anomalies had an extrahepatic ADV (p = 0.002). 76% of fetuses with Fetal Growth Restriction (FGR) had an extrahepatic ADV (p = 0.025). ADV may negatively influence fetal growth in cases with extrahepatic vein drainage.
Prenatal diagnosis of cerebellar hemorrhage: A case report
Authors: Tekin Sinem , Öcal Aydın 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe report the case of a fetus with a sonographic diagnosis of hyperechogenic cerebellum at 28 weeks' gestation, which was suspected to be of hemorrhagic origin on fetal ultrasound. As an adjunct to ultrasound, fetal MRI can confirm the hemorrhagic origin of hyperechogenic cerebellar lesions, particularly by showing a high signal on T1‐weighted images. No etiological factors for fetal hemorrhage were found other than maternal hypertension and aspirin use. Postnatal MRI confirmed the prenatal diagnosis of cerebellar hemorrhage without underlying vascular anomaly.
Conceptualizing patient interactions eliciting empathy, compassion, reflection, and social projection: A model with analysis
Authors: Johnsen David C. , Roushdy Sally , Floriani Franciele , Shi Wei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectivesConceptualizing the next patient interaction is logical, essential, and largely done intuitively with limited literature. The first objective is to elicit student thought experiences to four questions. The secondary objective is to classify responses for respective questions and to review faculty assessments.MethodsForty‐two students completed the exercise in the first clinical prosthodontics experience after a simulation course, in the fall of 2023. Four open‐ended questions were 1) differentiation from the ideal, 2) desired outcome(s), 3) self‐capabilities, and 4) consequences/prognosis. Nine different faculty assessed the exercise.Results100% of students responded to all four questions and 83% of responses were judged by faculty to grasp the concept in the question. The authors categorized responses into natural categories for each question. Authors separately assigned responses to categories. The agreement rate was 90%. Little to no overlap in responses was observed among the four questions. The sequence of questions led students to thought experiences from empathy in Question #1, to compassion in Question #2, and to self‐reflection in Question #3 to social projection in Question #4.ConclusionsThe main objective was met by engaging students in thought‐provoking responses to questions the experienced clinician asks of every patient encounter. The exercise elicited different kinds of thought experiences on four topics. The format was succinct with acceptance by students and faculty. The project has progressed from a concept some years ago to a recent pilot to full implementation with the current project. The next steps will be refinement and follow‐up in some years. The project follows an emulation model for critical thinking.
The Long‐Term Agroecosystem Research Cropland Common Experiment at Northern Plains
Authors: Liebig Mark A. , Whippo Craig W. , Saliendra Nicanor Z. , Scott Drew A. , Archer David W. , Clemensen Andrea K. , Halvorson Jonathan J. , Friedrichsen Claire N. , Christensen Rachel G. , Igathinathane C. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCropland agriculture in the northern Great Plains is challenged by variable weather, agricultural intensification, and competing use for energy development. Innovative cropland practices that address these challenges are needed to ensure regional agriculture can sustainably meet future food, fuel, and fiber demand. In response to this need, the Northern Plains Long‐Term Agroecosystem Research network site established a cropland experiment in 2019 that contrasts prevailing and alternative practices at plot and field scales over a proposed 30‐year time frame. The experimental site is located on the Area IV Soil Conservation Districts Cooperative Research Farm near Mandan, ND. Cropping practices for the first 6 years of the experiment were developed with input from stakeholders and include a 3‐year crop rotation of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), corn (Zea mays L.), and soybean (Glycine max L.) with cover crops (alternative practice) and without (prevailing practice). The prevailing practice also involves the removal of crop residue, while a second alternative practice of perennial forages is included in the plot‐scale experiment. Biophysical measurements are made at both spatial scales at frequencies aligned with approved methods for each agronomic and environmental metric. Findings from the first 6 years of the experiment will help identify tradeoffs associated with cover crop use and residue removal in dryland cropping systems. In the future, the experiment will adopt a knowledge co‐production approach whereby researchers and stakeholders will work collaboratively to identify problems, implement research, and interpret results.
Treating disorders of brain–gut interaction with multidisciplinary integrated care. Moving towards a new standard of care
Authors: Burgell Rebecca Elizabeth , Hoey Louisa , Norton Kate , Fitzpatrick Jessica 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDisorders of brain–gut interaction (DGBI) are highly prevalent in our community with a negative burden on the quality of life and function. Symptoms are frequently food‐induced, and psychological disorders are commonly co‐morbid and contribute greatly to symptom severity and healthcare utilization, which can complicate management. Pathophysiological contributors to the development and maintenance of DGBI are best appreciated within the biopsychosocial model of illness. Established treatments include medical therapies targeting gastrointestinal physiology, luminal microbiota or visceral sensitivity, dietary treatments including dietary optimization and specific therapeutic diets such as a low‐FODMAP diet, and psychological interventions. The traditional “medical model” of care, driven predominantly by doctors, poorly serves sufferers of DBGI, with research indicating that a multidisciplinary, integrated‐care approach produces better outcomes. This narrative review explores the current evidence for multidisciplinary care and provides the best practice recommendations for physicians and healthcare systems managing such patients.
Comparison of diagnostic performance among Abbott RealTime HCV Genotyping II, Abbott HCV Genotype plus RUO, and Roche Cobas HCV Genotyping assays for hepatitis C virus genotyping
Authors: Chang Yu‐Ping , Huang Chiuan‐Bo , Su Tung‐Hung , Liu Chun‐Jen , Tseng Tai‐Chung , Huang Shang‐Chin , Chen Pei‐Jer , Kao Jia‐Horng , Liu Chen‐Hua 
Published: May 2024

AbstractComparison of diagnostic accuracy for commercial hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotyping (Abbott RealTime HCV Genotyping II, Roche Cobas Genotyping) and investigational Abbott HCV Genotype plus RUO assays designed to discriminate genotype (GT)‐1a, 1b or 6 in cases of ambiguous GT from the Abbott commercial assay remains limited. 743 HCV‐viremic samples were subjected to analysis using Abbott and Roche commercial as well as Abbott HCV Genotype plus RUO assays. Next‐generation sequencing (NGS) targeting core region was employed as the reference standard. Diagnostic accuracy was reported as the number of participants (percentages) along with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Using NGS, 741 samples (99.7%) yielded valid genotyping results. The diagnostic accuracies were 97.6% (95% CI: 96.1%–98.5%) and 95.3% (95% CI: 93.4%–96.6%) using Abbott and Roche commercial assays (p = 0.0174). Abbott commercial assay accurately diagnosed HCV GT‐6a and 6w, whereas Roche commercial assay accurately diagnosed HCV GT‐6a. Both assays demonstrated low accuracies for HCV GT‐6b, 6e, 6g, and 6n. Abbott HCV Genotype plus RUO assay discriminated 13 of the 14 samples (92.9%; 95% CI: 64.2%–99.6%) that yielded ambiguous GT. Both assays were capable of diagnosing mixed HCV infections when the minor genotype comprised >8.4% of the viral load. The diagnostic performance of commercial HCV genotyping assays is commendable. Abbott assay demonstrated superior performance compared to Roche assay in diagnosing HCV GT‐6. Abbott HCV Genotype plus RUO assay aids in discriminating ambiguous GT. Both commercial assays are proficient in diagnosing mixed HCV infections at a cut‐off viral load of 8.4% in minor genotype.
Effects of high‐intensity statin therapy on steroid hormones and vitamin D in type 2 diabetic men: A prospective self‐controlled study
Authors: Chihaoui Melika , Terzi Amani , Hammami Bessam , Oueslati Ibtissem , Khessairi Nadia , Chaker Fatma , Yazidi Meriem , Feki Moncef 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe study aimed to assess the effect of high‐intensity statin therapy on testicular and adrenal steroids and vitamin D levels in type 2 diabetic men. A prospective study, conducted between March 2021 and July 2022, including 60 men with type 2 diabetes, aged 40–65 years, statin‐free, and in whom treatment with high‐intensity statin was indicated. The patients had two visits, before and 6 months after a daily intake of 40 mg of atorvastatin. During each visit, they underwent a clinical examination, and a fasting blood sample was collected for biological and hormonal measurements. There was a significant increase in the prevalence of decreased libido (from 22% to 47%, p = 0.001) and a significant decrease in the frequency of sexual intercourse (from 4 [1–8] to 3 [0–4] per month, p = 0.005). The median ADAM's score significantly increased (from 4 [2–7] to 6 [3–8], p = 0.000). Twenty‐two percent of the patients developed gynecomastia. The median total, bioavailable and free testosterone significantly decreased from 15.1 (11.4–17.4), 6.3 (5.0–7.8), and 0.27 (0.22–0.33) nmol/L to 12.7 (10.7–15.9), 5.7 (4.4–7.0), and 0.24 (0.19–0.30) nmol/L, respectively, with no change in FSH and LH levels. Three patients (5%) developed hypogonadism (testosterone <8 nmol/L). There was a significant decrease in DHEAS from 4.5 (2.8–6.1) to 3.8 μmol/L (2.6–5.6) and no change in cortisol and vitamin D levels. High‐intensity statin therapy decreased androgen levels in type 2 diabetic men with significant clinical impact.