bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of small bowel obstruction on functional outcome and quality of life in patients with ileal pouch‐anal anastomosis: 10‐year follow‐up study
Authors: Erkek Ayhan B , Remzi Feza H , Hammel Jeffrey P , Akyuz Muhammet , Fazio Victor W 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackground and Aim:  Postoperative abdominal adhesion formation is a troublesome clinical problem and a common cause of intestinal obstruction, chronic pain and infertility. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of small bowel obstruction (SBO) on functional outcome and quality of life (QOL) in patients who experienced ileal pouch‐anal anastomosis (IPAA).Methods:  A total of 2418 patients who had undergone IPAA were categorized into three groups: group 1 comprised patients who had no SBO episodes until the last follow‐up; group 2 comprised patients who had one or more SBO episodes treated medically; and group 3 comprised patients who had one or more SBO episodes, at least one of which was treated surgically. Functional outcomes and QOL scores for patients in each group were evaluated at 1, 3, 5 and 10 years of follow‐up using multivariate analysis.Results:  We found that patients who had SBO episodes which were treated medically were more likely to have a higher number of total bowel movements in a day in the first year of follow‐up compared to patients without postoperative SBO (P = 0.03), and more seepage during the day at 10 years follow‐up compared to patients with no SBO episodes or surgically treated SBO episodes (P = 0.01). The Cleveland Global Quality of Life (CGQL) scores were comparable between the three groups at 1, 3, 5 and 10 years of follow‐up.Conclusion:  Medical management of SBO is associated with an increase in two symptoms, but QOL is comparable with surgical management.
Radiology of pancreatic adenocarcinoma: Current status of imaging
Authors: Sahani Dushyant V , Shah Zarine K , Catalano Onofrio A , Boland Giles W , Brugge William R 
Published: August 2010

AbstractPancreatic adenocarcinoma is one of the leading causes of cancer death in the West, with a poor overall 5‐year survival rate of only 4%. Late clinical presentation with an advanced disease results in a low rate of surgical intervention. Tumor serum marker CA 19‐9 is sensitive, although not specific for the diagnosis of adenocarcinomas of the pancreas. The treatment approach is based on whether the tumor is resectable or non‐resectable at presentation. Therefore, imaging plays a crucial role in the management of this disease. Many modalities are available to image the pancreas. They include non‐invasive techniques, like ultrasound, contrast‐enhanced multidetector computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and integrated positron emission tomography/computed tomography, and invasive techniques, like endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and endoscopic ultrasound. Each of these modalities has its peculiar strengths and weaknesses.
Diagnostic value of terminal ileum intubation during colonoscopy
Authors: Jeong Seong Hyun , Lee Kwang Jae , Kim Yeong Bae , Kwon Heok Chun , Sin Sung Jae , Chung Jae Yeon 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackground and Aim:  Since the diagnostic value of ileoscopy is not well documented, it is uncertain if terminal ileum intubation should be performed routinely in patients undergoing colonoscopy. We aimed to assess the diagnostic yield of terminal ileum intubation during colonoscopy according to indications for colonoscopy.Methods:  We routinely performed terminal ileum intubation in subjects who underwent colonoscopy at Ajou University Hospital between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2005. Demographic data, indications for colonoscopy, endoscopic, and histopathologic findings of the terminal ileum were assessed.Results:  A total of 3921 subjects underwent colonoscopy. The terminal ileum was successfully intubated in 3417 cases (87.1%). Macroscopic abnormality on terminal ileum was present in 125 cases (3.7%), and biopsies were taken for all of them. Clinically significant histopathology was observed in 11 cases, giving a 0.3% diagnostic yield in all ileoscopies. Seven out of 11 cases were diagnosed as Crohn's disease. The rate of diagnostic yield was 1.8% in patients with right lower quadrant (RLQ) abdominal pain and 0.4% in patients with diarrhea. This rate in cases with RLQ pain was significantly greater compared with the indications for medical check‐ups.Conclusions:  Terminal ileum intubation during colonoscopy identifies significant pathology in 1.8% of cases who have RLQ abdominal pain, suggesting diagnostic value in this setting. However, its diagnostic yield is very low in other indications for colonoscopy. Thus the decision to perform ileoscopy or not during colonoscopy needs to be made on a case‐by‐case basis.
Relationship between meat and cereal consumption and colorectal cancer in Korea and Japan
Authors: Lee Sun‐Il , Moon Hong‐Young , Kwak Jung‐Myun , Kim Jin , Min Byung‐Wook , Um Jun‐Won , Kim Seon‐Han 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackground and Aim:  The incidence of colorectal cancer in Asian countries is increasing. The change to a more westernized diet is known to be related to these increases, and there are reports on the relationship between meat consumption and colorectal cancer in Japan. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between dietary change and colorectal cancer in Korea and Japan.Methods:  The data of meat and cereal consumption in Japan (1950–2002) and Korea (1970–2003), and the data of colorectal cancer incidence in Japan (1975–1998) and Korea (1992–2002) were investigated with a 20‐year difference between the two countries.Result:  We found that the changes in meat and cereal consumption, as well as the increases in the incidence of colon and rectal cancer, were similar between those two countries with a 20‐year difference.Conclusion:  These similarities between Korea and Japan could be helpful for predicting future colorectal cancer incidences for Korea and other Asian countries.
Expression of the transcription factor Klf6 in cirrhosis, macronodules, and hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Bureau Christophe , Péron JM , Bouisson Michèle , Danjoux Marie , Selves Janick , Bioulac‐Sage Paulette , Balabaud Charles , Torrisani Jérome , Cordelier Pierre , Buscail Louis , Vinel Jean Pierre 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackground and Aims:  Macronodules (MN) occurring in cirrhosis are considered to be precursor lesions for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, early molecular events in hepatocellular carcinogenesis are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to compare gene expression profiling between cirrhotic tissues, MN, and HCC, to identify genes early involved in liver carcinogenesis.Methods:  Tissues were obtained from explanted livers: nine cirrhosis, 10 MN, and seven HCC. Total RNAs were extracted by RNeasy and reverse transcribed with labelled [33P]‐αATP. Hybridations were performed on Atlas Human Cancer 1.2 membranes (1176 genes).Results:  A two‐way hierarchical clustering algorithm successfully isolated specific gene expression profiles when comparing MN, cirrhosis, and HCC. A total of 16 and 14 genes were up‐ and down‐expressed, respectively, in HCC as compared to cirrhotic tissues. The molecular signature of MN was characterized by the down‐expression of 23 and 42 genes as compared to cirrhosis and HCC, respectively. Among them, Klf6 was down‐expressed in all MN samples whereas it was over‐expressed in cirrhosis and HCC. This result was confirmed at RNA level by quantitative real time–polymerase chain reaction and at protein level by Western blotting. However, no mutation in the exon 2 of Klf6 was detected.Conclusion:  We identified a molecular signature of MN characterized by a down‐expression of several genes. One of them, Klf6 was found to be down‐expressed in all MN without evidence of somatic mutations in the exon 2. This gene could be involved at an early stage of hepatocarcinogenesis.
Lamivudine resistance and other mutations in the polymerase and surface antigen genes of hepatitis B virus associated with a fatal hepatic failure case
Authors: Bottecchia Marcelle , Ikuta Nilo , Niel Christian , Araujo Natalia M , Ó Kycia MR , Gomes Selma A 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackground and Aim: Resistance to lamivudine therapy of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection occurs by mutation in the YMDD motif of the reverse transcriptase (rt) domain (rtM204V/I) of the virus polymerase, and is usually accompanied by rtL180M mutation. Here we investigated virological factors associated with hepatic failure in a 58‐year‐old male, chronically HBV‐infected patient who died after 33 months of lamivudine therapy.Methods: Nucleotide sequencing was performed from one sample collected before and two samples collected during lamivudine therapy.Results: A peak of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels occurred after 19 months of lamivudine treatment, associated with the rtM204I mutation. After 32 months, the rtM204V mutation was predominant, accompanied by the lamivudine‐resistant rtL180M mutation. Furthermore, two rare polymerase (rtS117Y and rtV142A) and three HBsAg (L109I, F134L, and I208T) substitutions were observed. At that time, the patient was hospitalized with hepatic decompensation, followed by hepatic failure, and died one month later. HBV‐DNA was detected at moderate levels (8.3 × 104−2.6 × 106 copies/mL) throughout.Conclusion: The results suggest that substitutions in polymerase (rtS117Y, rtV142A) and surface antigens (L109I, F134L, and I208T), associated with lamivudine‐resistant mutations at positions 180 and 204, were involved in this case of fatal hepatitis B.
Asia‐Pacific consensus on the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease: Update
Authors: Fock Kwong Ming , Talley Nicholas J , Fass Ronnie , Goh Khean Lee , Katelaris Peter , Hunt Richard , Hongo Michio , Ang Tiing Leong , Holtmann Gerald , Nandurkar Sanjay , Lin San Ren , Wong Benjamin CY , Chan Francis KL , Rani Abdul Aziz , Bak Young‐Tae , Sollano Jose , Ho Lawrence KY , Manatsathit Sathoporn 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackground and Aims:  Since the publication of the Asia‐Pacific GERD consensus in 2004, more data concerning the epidemiology and management of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) have emerged. An evidence based review and update was needed.Methods:  A multidisciplinary group developed consensus statements using the Delphi approach. Relevant data were presented, and the quality of evidence, strength of recommendation, and level of consensus were graded.Results:  GERD is increasing in frequency in Asia. Risk factors include older age, male sex, race, family history, higher socioeconomic status, increased body mass index, and smoking. Symptomatic response to a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) test is diagnostic in patients with typical symptoms if alarm symptoms are absent. A negative pH study off therapy excludes GERD if a PPI test fails. The role for narrow band imaging, capsule endoscopy, and wireless pH monitoring has not yet been undefined. Diagnostic strategies in Asia must consider coexistent gastric cancer and peptic ulcer. Weight loss and elevation of head of bed improve reflux symptoms. PPIs are the most effective medical treatment. On‐demand therapy is appropriate for nonerosive reflux disease (NERD) patients. Patients with chronic cough, laryngitis, and typical GERD symptoms should be offered twice daily PPI therapy after excluding non‐GERD etiologies. Fundoplication could be offered to GERD patients when an experienced surgeon is available. Endoscopic treatment of GERD should not be offered outside clinical trials.Conclusions:  Further studies are needed to clarify the role of newer diagnostic modalities and endoscopic therapy. Diagnostic strategies for GERD in Asia must consider coexistent gastric cancer and peptic ulcer. PPIs remain the cornerstone of therapy.
Effects of multistrain probiotic‐containing yogurt on second‐line triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection
Authors: Yoon Hyuk , Kim Nayoung , Kim Ji Yeon , Park So Youn , Park Ju Hee , Jung Hyun Chae , Song In Sung 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackground and Aims:  The adjuvant effects of probiotic‐containing yogurt on second‐line triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection have not been evaluated.Methods:  A total of 337 patients with persistent H. pylori infection, after first‐line triple therapy, were randomly assigned to receive either triple therapy with (yogurt group, n = 151) or without (control group, n = 186) Will yogurt. Triple therapy consisted of 400 mg moxifloxacin q.d., 1000 mg amoxicillin b.i.d., and 20 mg esomeprazole b.i.d. for 14 days. Will yogurt contains Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, Bifidobacterium longum, and Streptococcus thermophilus. H. pylori eradication was evaluated by the 13C‐urea breath test, histology, or the rapid urease test.Results:  The eradication rates by intention‐to‐treat analysis were 66.7% and 68.9% in the control and yogurt groups, respectively (P = 0.667). The eradication rates by per‐protocol analysis were 78.5% and 86% in the control and the yogurt groups, respectively (P = 0.110). The adverse event rates were 25.3% and 28.5% in the control group and yogurt group, respectively (P = 0.508).Conclusions:  The addition of yogurt containing probiotics to moxifloxacin‐containing second‐line treatment neither improved H. pylori eradication rates nor reduced the adverse events of treatment.
Healthy range for serum ALT and the clinical significance of “unhealthy” normal ALT levels in the Korean population
Authors: Kang Hyun Seok , Um Soon Ho , Seo Yeon Seok , An Hyonggin , Lee Kwang Gyun , Hyun Jong Jin , Kim Eun Sun , Park Sung Chul , Keum Bora , Kim Ji Hoon , Yim Hyung Joon , Jeen Yoon Tae , Lee Hong Sik , Chun Hoon Jai , Kim Chang Duck , Ryu Ho Sang 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackground and Aims:  It remains unclear whether the currently‐used normal range for serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels really reflects a healthy liver. The present study was conducted to evaluate the healthy range of serum ALT in the Korean adult population and to determine the clinical significance of unhealthy levels.Methods:  We reviewed the medical records, including questionnaires and the results of laboratory and radiological tests conducted at the Health Promotion Center at Korea University Anam Hospital between March 2005 and February 2007. The records, written in questionnaire form, included baseline data, such as physical status, social behaviors, medication history, and past and present disease histories.Results:  The mean age of the 7403 enrolled patients was 48 years, and 49.9% of these patients were male. A healthy cohort was selected after excluding patients who showed any abnormalities of the factors that were significantly associated with the serum ALT level upon multivariate regression analysis. The upper limit of the healthy range of the serum ALT level (i.e. 95th percentile) in the healthy population was 31 IU/L for males and 23 IU/L for females. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance (IR) were significantly higher in patients with an ‘unhealthy’ normal ALT level than in those with a healthy ALT level.Conclusion:  In our study, the upper limit of the healthy range of the serum ALT level was 31 IU/L for males and 23 IU/L for females. An unhealthy normal ALT level was associated with a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome and IR.
ERYTHROPOIESIS IN THE NEWBORN
Authors: CLARK A. C. L. 
Published: August 2010

SYNOPSISIt has been shown that the diminished erythropoiesis occurring during the period from a few days to about six weeks after birth is associated with the presence of an inhibitor of erythropoiesis in the urine of infants at this time. Suggestions that the inhibitor might be an oestrogen or related compound are not supported by the observations recorded in this paper.
ADIPOCYTE GROWTH IN THE FIRST 2 YEARS OF LIFE
Authors: BOULTON T. J. C. , DUNLOP MARJORIE , COURT J. M. 
Published: August 2010

SYNOPSISFour patterns of fat cell size and population distribution have been described in subcutaneous adipose samples from normally nourished children up to 2 years of age. A population of foetal adipocytes with a modal value for cell diameter of 11 μ has been described which represents a fat cell with a lipid content of 5 μ 10‐4μ. Fat cells containing less than 0.01 μ of lipid have not previously been counted.
Has the prevalence of asthma symptoms increased in Australian children?
Authors: BAUMAN A. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract  This paper estimates whether an increase has occurred in the prevalence of asthma symptoms and diagnosed asthma in Australian children over the past two decades. Seventeen population‐based studies undertaken in Australia since 1969 were reviewed. Inclusion criteria were studies using population samples of children aged 5–12 years, with standardized questionnaire measurements. Data from serial National Health Surveys were also examined for trends in recent and chronic asthma.The prevalence of recent (12 month) and cumulative wheeze increased, showing a significant correlation with year of study (r = 0.78 and r = 0.79, respectively). Diagnosed asthma showed a smaller but still significant increase (r = 0.65). The trends observed indicated that diagnosed asthma and reported wheeze have increased by almost 1% per year over the past two decades. Data since 1980 have provided estimates of bronchial hyperreactivity (BHR), but no trend was observed. Substantial increases were noted in the National Health Surveys, with recent asthma prevalence in children aged 5–14 increasing from 3.3% in 1983 to 8.3% in 1989, and chronic asthma prevalence increasing from 4.5% in 1977 to 15.2% in 1989. The findings of this review suggest an increase in the prevalence of asthma symptoms in children, but these observations could also be explained by changes in diagnostic fashion and an increased awareness of asthma symptoms.
Paediatricians' reports to general practitioners: Should parents receive copies?
Authors: CLARKSON J. E. , MERRICK P. L. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract  The aim of this study was to determine whether it was helpful for parents to receive a copy of the letter written by the paediatrician to the general practitioner (GP) when a child was referred to a paediatric outpatient department for the first time or with a new problem. A randomly allocated sample of 40 intervention patients and 49 comparison patients was seen 2–4 weeks following the consultation in a semi‐structured home interview conducted by a researcher who did not know the group allocation.Although significant differences in parent knowledge were not detected, parent satisfaction with the consultation was improved. No parent reported being upset or worried by the contents of the letter, and none of the paediatricians required extra time to explain aspects of the letter in an additional consultation, although the possibility of this was offered. There seem to be advantages in sending a letter copy to parents of children presenting with a wide range of conditions.
Colloid cyst of the 3rd ventricle as a cause of acute neurological deterioration and sudden death
Authors: OPESKIN K. , ANDERSON R. McD. , LEE K. A. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract  A 13 year old girl presented with a 24 h history of headache and vomiting. There were no focal neurological signs. The diagnoses considered were vascular headache, meningitis and subarachnoid haemorrhage. Lumbar puncture revealed clear cerebrospinal fluid under high pressure and subsequent cerebral computed tomography (CT) scan revealed hydrocephalus. Death occurred some hours after the lumbar puncture. Autopsy revealed a colloid cyst of the 3rd ventricle causing the hydrocephalus. Cerebellar tonsillar herniation was present.This case is reported because although 3rd ventricular colloid cysts are a recognized cause of acute neurological deterioration and sudden death, they rarely present in childhood. In this case, it is considered that lumbar puncture may have hastened death by increasing brain‐stem compression due to cerebellar tonsillar herniation. It raises the question of whether cerebral CT scan, where readily available, should be performed prior to lumbar puncture. Pathologically, colloid cysts may be easily missed if the brain is examined fresh as the cysts are fragile and have a tendency to be destroyed or fall out.
Discrimination of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder by the continuous performance test
Authors: LEVY F , HOBBES G 
Published: August 2010

Objective: To investigate the Continuous Performance Test in discriminating a group of 56 attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) children from 56 school children individually matched for age, sex and social class. Methodology: The children all completed the Continuous Performance Task (CPT). The mothers and teachers completed a Conners' Parent‐Teacher Rating Scale for the clinic children. Results: The ADHD sample was selected so that the average IQ was 99.8 to match the school sample. A non‐parametric discriminant function showed that the subtests of the CPT that best discriminated ADHD were age‐normalized errors of commission (NCPTC) and age‐normalized mean reaction time (NMNRT). Conclusion: Optimal use of the CPT for discrimination of ADHD should include age normalization and mean reaction time to targets. Further evoked potential studies may show brief cortical events involved in reaction time over the course of the CPT, and the processes involved in behavioural control.
Improvement in outcome of children with Wilms' tumour in South Australia over the last 30 years
Authors: SPURRIER NJ , TOOGOOD I , BYARD R , MORRIS L , RICE M , SAWYER MG 
Published: August 2010

Objective: To evaluate the outcome of children with Wilms' tumour over the last 30 years in South Australia. To compare the outcome of children treated before and after 1982, when standard treatment protocols were introduced. Methodology: Management approaches, survival rates and side‐effects of treatment were identified from case notes. Pathology slides were reviewed to ensure all children were correctly diagnosed with Wilms' tumour. Results: Children treated for Wilms' tumour prior to 1982 had an overall survival rate of 54%. Since 1982 there has been a significant improvement in outcome and the current survival rate is now 85%. Children treated since 1982 have also experienced fewer treatment related side‐effects than children treated prior to 1982. Conclusions: There has been substantial improvement in survival from childhood Wilms' tumour over the past 30 years in South Australia. This is likely to be due to a combination of factors including standardization of treatment, tailoring of treatment to stage and histology, improved perioperative care, enhanced radiological techniques and higher levels of collaboration between relevant specialists.