bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vocal and locomotor responses of piglets to social isolation and reunion
Authors: Colonnello Valentina , Iacobucci Paolo , Newberry Ruth C. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractPotentiation of infant isolation calls following a brief reunion with the mother is considered an index of filial bonding in altricial rodents. We investigated potentiation of isolation and reunion responses in 15‐day‐old unweaned domestic piglets (Sus scrofa domesticus). When piglets were re‐isolated following a brief, comforting reunion with their mother and littermates in their home pen, they displayed a persistence (relative potentiation) of calling and jumping. In contrast, when re‐isolated following a brief interaction with their mother or an unfamiliar sow in a familiar or unfamiliar location, or with littermates alone, calling rate and locomotion dropped. Subsequently, piglets spent more time near their mother's face if they had previously interacted with an unfamiliar sow rather than their mother, consistent with maternal recognition. Although we did not detect maternal potentiation as described in altricial rodents, filial attachment bonding was clearly evident in piglet responses, especially during reunions. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 52: 1–12, 2010
Amination of Alcohols Catalyzed by Copper‐Aluminium Hydrotalcite: A Green Synthesis of Amines
Authors: Likhar Pravin R. , Arundhathi Racha , Kantam Mannepalli Lakshmi , Prathima Parvathaneni Sai 
Published: September 2009

AbstractCopper‐aluminium hydrotalcite (CuAl‐HT)/K2CO3 has been employed in the activation of various benzyl alcohols with benzylamines to afford the corresponding amines in good to high yields. Experimentation showed that the reaction takes place through sequential transformations: the oxidation of alcohols into carbonyl compounds, imine formation between amines and carbonyl compounds, and then reduction ofimines to amines, heterogeneously catalyzed by non‐noble Cu‐Al HT catalyst in a one‐pot and straightforward fashion. The process was further extended to amination of alcohols with anilines, which are often resistant to alkylation reactions when substituted with strong electron‐withdrawing groups. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Three New Sesquiterpenoids from Chrysanthemum indicum L.
Authors: Feng Zi‐Ming , Song Shuang , Xia Peng‐Fei , Jiang Jian‐Shuang , Zhang Pei‐Cheng 
Published: September 2009

AbstractPhytochemical investigation of the flowers of Chrysanthemum indicum L. led to the isolation of three new sesquiterpenoids, indicumolide A (1), indicumolide B (2), and indicumolide C (3). Their structures were elucidated by various spectroscopic methods.
Two New 11‐Hydroxy‐Substituted Gelsedine‐Type Indole Alkaloids from the Stems of Gelsemium elegans
Authors: Zhang Bin‐Feng , Chou Gui‐Xin , Wang Zheng‐Tao 
Published: September 2009

AbstractTwo new 11‐hydroxy‐substituted gelsedine‐type indole alkaloids, named 11,14‐dihydroxygelsenicine (1) and 11‐hydroxygelsenicine (2), together with six known alkaloids, i.e., koumine, gelsemine, 14‐hydroxygelsenicine, 11‐hydroxyhumantenine, gelsenicine, and (19Z)‐akuammidine, were isolated from the EtOH extract of the stems of Gelsemium elegans Benth. Their structures were determined mainly by means of spectroscopic analyses including HR‐ESI‐MS and 2D‐NMR (HSQC, HMBC, 1H,1H‐COSY). The configuration of 1 was confirmed by X‐ray‐diffraction analysis.
Influence of moisture content on measurement accuracy of porous media thermal conductivity
Authors: Yu Mingzhi , Sui Xiaofeng , Peng Xiaofeng , Fang Zhaohong 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThe thermal conductivity measurement accuracy of sand was experimentally studied with a hot disk thermal constant analyzer and water morphologies, distribution, and evolution at the pore scale were observed with a charge coupled device (CCD) combined with a microscope. It was found that thermal conductivities of samples with low moisture content (<25%) could not be accurately measured. For samples with low moisture content, the analysis showed that the water in the region adjacent to the analyzer sensor mainly existed as isolated liquid bridges between/among sand particles and would evaporate and diffuse to relatively far regions because of being heated by the sensor during measurement. Water evaporation and diffusion caused the sample constitution in the region adjacent to the sensor to vary throughout the whole measurement process, and accordingly induced low accuracy of the obtained thermal conductivities. Due to high water connectivity in pores, the rate of water evaporation and diffusion in porous media of high moisture content was relatively slow when compared with that of low moisture content. Meanwhile, water in the relatively far regions flowed back to the region adjacent to the sensor by capillary force. Therefore, samples consisting of the region adjacent to the sensor maintained the constant and thermal conductivities of porous media with relatively high moisture content and could be measured with high accuracy. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/htj.20272
The utility of serum human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) in patients with a pelvic mass
Authors: Montagnana Martina , Lippi Giuseppe , Ruzzenente Orazio , Bresciani Valentina , Danese Elisa , Scevarolli Silvia , Salvagno Gian Luca , Giudici Silvia , Franchi Massimo , Guidi Gian Cesare 
Published: September 2009

AbstractAim: Although CA125 is the most widely used cancer marker in the diagnostic approach of pelvic masses in women, its clinical usefulness is limited because it lacks expression of the antigen in the early stages of disease. The human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) is frequently over‐expressed in ovarian cancer, whereas its expression in normal tissues, including the ovary, is low. The aim of this study was to assess the concentration of both HE4 and CA125 in patients with different forms of benign and malign pelvic masses.Methods: The study population included 99 patients with gynecological cancer (46 ovarian, 39 endometrial, 14 cervical) and 40 affected by benign disease (22 endometriosis and 18 benign ovarian mass). Twelve control subjects were also included in the study. In all the patients, serumsamples were collected on the day before scheduled surgery.Results: The median CA125 and HE4 serum levels were significantly higher among ovarian cancer patients as compared with healthy subjects and with those with benign mass, cervical, and endometrial tumors. The receiver operating characteristics curve analysis on healthy controls and patients with ovarian cancers revealed that HE4 had a significantly higher area under the curve when compared with CA125 (0.99 vs. 0.91), with a sensibility and specificity of 98 and 100%, respectively.Conclusions: HE4 seems to be a promising ovarian cancer marker, and its measurement might improve the diagnostic approach to patients with pelvic masses. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 23:331–335, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An improved microalbumin method (µALB_2) with extended analytical measurement range evaluated on the ADVIA® chemistry systems
Authors: Datta Pradip , Dasgupta Amitava 
Published: September 2009

AbstractQuantitative determination of albumin (ALB) in human urine is important to assess kidney functions in a variety of diseases. Recently, Siemens released an improved Microalbumin assay (µALB_2) to measure urinary ALB on the automated, random access ADVIA 1650/1800, ADVIA 2400, and ADVIA 1200 Chemistry Systems. We evaluated analytical performances of this new method. All ADVIA Chemistry Systems use the same microalbumin reagent packs, µALB_2 calibrators, and commercial controls. The within‐run and total CVs of the improved method with two‐level BioRad Liquichek Urine Chemistry controls (∼2 and 9 mg/dl ALB) and a urine pool (∼29 mg/dl ALB) on all ADVIA Chemistry systems were <4.1 and <6.1%, respectively (40 replicates per sample). The analytical range/linearity of the method (all ADVIA systems) was from 0.3 mg/dl to theALB concentration in the highest level of calibrator (∼38–42 mg/dl). The improved method (µALB_2) on the ADVIA 1650/1800 (y) correlated well with both the Beckman DXC 800 Microalbumin and the old microalbumin method on the ADVIA 1650/1800 analyzers. The improved method showed <10% interference with 16 chemicals from acetaminophen to uric acid that may be present in urine. The improved method has a minimum of 60 days' on‐system stability on all systems with the calibration frequencies of (with/without a Reagent Container insert) 20/30 days (ADVIA1200), 50/60 days (ADVIA1650/1800), and 20/60 days (ADVIA2400). No prozone was observed with the method on any platform up to the highest ALB concentration tested in a sample (4,000 mg/dl). J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 23:314–318, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Molecular epidemiology of human astrovirus and adenovirus serotypes 40/41 strains related to acute diarrhea in Tunisian children
Authors: Sdiri‐Loulizi Khira , Gharbi‐Khelifi Hakima , de Rougemont Alexis , Hassine Mouna , Chouchane Slaheddine , Sakly Nabil , Pothier Pierre , Guédiche Mohamed Neji , Aouni Mahjoub , Ambert‐Balay Katia 
Published: September 2009

AbstractHuman astrovirus (AstV) and adenovirus types 40 and 41 (AdV 40/41) are responsible for epidemic and endemic acute gastroenteritis in children and adults. The present study was designed to evaluate the prevalence and genetic diversity of enteric viruses in children in Tunisia. A total of 788 fecal samples were collected during a 4‐year period in the region of Monastir, from children under 12 years old, hospitalized or presenting in dispensaries with symptoms of acute gastroenteritis. AstV and AdV40/41 were detected by immunoenzymatic methods and confirmed by PCR/RT‐PCR and sequence analysis. Phylogenetic analyses were performed for nucleotide homology with reference strains. AstV and AdV40/41 were characterized as a causative agent in 28 (3.6%) and 18 (2.3%) of the fecal samples, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the AstVs belonged to the serotypes 3 (n = 4; 14.3%) and 1 (n = 24; 85.7%), and the enteric AdVs to the serotypes 40 (n = 1; 5.6%) and 41 (n = 17; 94.4%). This is the first report that describes the molecular epidemiology of AstV and AdV40/41 in Tunisian children. Their respective detection rate was very low, far below that of rotavirus and norovirus. The genetic diversity among these two viruses is relatively limited and varies depending on the area. J. Med. Virol. 81:1895–1902, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Correlation between HIV‐1 seropositivity and prevalence of a γ‐secretase polymorphism in two distinct ethnic populations
Authors: van Loo Karen M.J. , van Schijndel Jessica E. , van Zweeden Martine , van Manen Daniëlle , Trip Mieke D. , Petersen Desiree C. , Schuitemaker Hanneke , Hayes Vanessa M. , Martens Gerard J.M. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractSusceptibility for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV‐1) infection may be influenced by host genetics. Recent findings with a Wistar rat model raised the possibility that the γ‐secretase pathway may be associated with an individual's susceptibility to infection. A functional single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the γ‐secretase component APH1B (Phe217Leu; rs1047552) was therefore analyzed for association with HIV‐1 infection. The SNP showed a tendency for association with HIV‐1 infection in a Xhosa indigenous South African Bantu study (P = 0.087), and associated significantly in a Caucasian Dutch study (P = 0.049). Together, the results suggest a role for the γ‐secretase pathway in susceptibility to HIV‐1 infection. J. Med. Virol. 81:1847–1851, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Emergence and diversity of different HIV‐1 subtypes in South Africa, 2000–2001
Authors: Jacobs G.B. , Loxton A.G. , Laten A. , Robson B. , van Rensburg E. Janse , Engelbrecht S. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractHIV‐1 is a major health problem in South Africa with an average prevalence rate of 29.1% in pregnant women and between 4.9 and 6.1 million people infected. Using env gp120 V3 serotyping and genotyping techniques 410 patient samples were investigated. Most of the samples were obtained from different clinics in the greater Cape Town area of the Western Cape Province in South Africa. These included an academic hospital, state and private clinics, an informal settlement, sex worker cohorts, and the blood transfusion services. RNA was extracted from plasma samples followed by RT‐PCR and sequencing of the env gp120 V3 region. Sequence fragments were assembled using Sequencher V4.7 and subsequently codon aligned. Distance calculation, tree construction methods, and bootstrap analysis were implemented using MEGA version 4.0. Viral load measurements indicated that HIV‐1 RNA levels from 74 samples were below the assay detection limit. Three hundred thirty‐six samples were used for env PCR and sequencing and 320 were assigned to subtypes. The majority of the sequences were subtyped as C (n = 285, 89.0%). Other subtypes detected were subtype A (n = 10, 3.1%); subtype B (n = 22, 6.8%); one each of subtypes F1, G, U, and a CH recombinant. Whether this diversity will have major implications for HIV‐1 evolution and vaccine development in this region remains undetermined. J. Med. Virol. 81:1852–1859, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prevalence of persistent and latent viruses in untreated patients infected with HIV‐1 from Ghana, West Africa
Authors: Compston Lara Isobel , Li Chengyao , Sarkodie Francis , Owusu‐Ofori Shirley , Opare‐Sem Ohene , Allain Jean‐Pierre 
Published: September 2009

AbstractOnly limited epidemiological data, pertaining to the prevalence of common persistent viruses has been reported in Ghana. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of persistent viruses in individuals with untreated HIV‐1 infection and uninfected blood donors. Paired plasma and cellular samples from HIV‐negative blood donors, asymptomatic HIV and symptomatic/AIDS cohorts were screened by multiplex PCR then qPCR for parvovirus B19 (B19V), hepatitis B virus (HBV), GB virus‐C (GBV‐C), cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), human herpesvirus‐8 (HHV‐8) and varicella‐zoster virus (VZV). IgG antibodies specific to each target virus were tested to determine exposure rates. No evidence of viraemia was found for B19V and VZV in any group. Prevalence of GBV‐C plasma viraemia was significantly higher in asymptomatic and symptomatic HIV infection (16.7%) and (16.2%) than in blood donors (4%) P < 0.005. Occult HBV infection was significantly more frequent in symptomatic HIV infection (10.9%) compared to asymptomatic HIV (3.6%) and blood donors (1.6%) P < 0.005. Although there was a high background of EBV viraemia in cellular fractions of blood donors (8.3%), it was significantly higher in asymptomatic (44.6%) and symptomatic HIV (14.6%) P < 0.0001. For CMV, the significantly increased prevalence of viraemia was only observed in the plasma fraction of the symptomatic HIV‐1/AIDS patients (7.6%) compared to asymptomatic individuals (1.8%) and blood donors (0.8%) P ≤ 0.001. The background seroprevalence in blood donors was high for B19V (≥64%), HBV (≥70%), CMV and EBV (≥90%) and was significantly increased in HIV infections for HBV, CMV, VZV (symptomatic HIV), and HHV‐8 (asymptomatic and symptomatic HIV). J. Med. Virol. 81:1860–1868, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase and calcium channels mediate signaling in depolarization‐induced activation of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma coactivator‐1α in neurons
Authors: Liang Huan Ling , Dhar Shilpa S. , Wong‐Riley Margaret T.T. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractPeroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma coactivator 1α (PGC‐1α) coactivates a number of transcription factors critical for mitochondrial biogenesis. Previously, we found that the expression of PGC‐1α is governed by neuronal activity, but the signaling mechanism is poorly understood. The present study aimed at testing our hypothesis that depolarizing activation of PGC‐1α in neurons is mediated by p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) and calcium channels. Cultured primary neurons and N2a cells were depolarized with 20 mM KCl for varying times, and increases in PGC‐1α mRNA and protein levels were found after 0.5 and 1 hr of stimulation, respectively. These levels returned to those of controls after the withdrawal of KCl. Significantly, 15 min of KCl stimulation induced an up‐regulation of both p38 MAPK and phosphorylated p38 MAPK that were suppressed by 30 min of pretreatment with SB203580, a blocker of p38 MAPK that also blocked the up‐regulation of PGC‐1α by KCl. Likewise, 30 min of pretreatment with nifedipine, a calcium channel blocker, also prevented the up‐regulation of PGC‐1α mRNA and proteins by KCl. Furthermore, a knockdown of p38 MAPK with small interference hairpin RNA significantly suppressed PGC‐1α mRNA and protein levels. Our results indicate that both p38 MAPK and calcium play important roles in mediating signaling in depolarization‐induced activation of PGC‐1α at the protein and message levels in neurons. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Protective effects of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptors γ coactivator‐1α against neuronal cell death in the hippocampal CA1 subfield after transient global ischemia
Authors: Chen Shang‐Der , Lin Tsu‐Kung , Yang Ding‐I , Lee Su‐Ying , Shaw Fu‐Zen , Liou Chia‐Wei , Chuang Yao‐Chung 
Published: September 2009

AbstractPeroxisome proliferator‐activated receptors γ coactivator‐1α (PGC‐1α) may regulate the mitochondrial antioxidant defense system under many neuropathological settings. However, the exact role of PGC‐1α in ischemic brain damage is still under debate. Based on an experimental model of transient global ischemia (TGI), this study evaluated the hypothesis that the activation of PGC‐1α signaling pathway protects hippocampal CA1 neurons against delayed neuronal death after TGI. In Sprague‐Dawley rats, significantly increased content of oxidized proteins in the hippocampal CA1 tissue was observed as early as 30 min after TGI, followed by augmentation of PGC‐1α expression at 1 hr. Expression of uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) and superoxide dismutases 2 (SOD2) in the hippocampal CA1 neurons was upregulated 4–48 hr after TGI. In addition, knock‐down of PGC‐1α expression by pretreatment with a specific antisense oligodeoxynucleotide in the hippocampal CA1 subfield downregulated the expression of UCP2 and SOD2 with resultant exacerbation of oxidative stress and augmentation of delayed neuronal cell death in the hippocampus after TGI. Overall, our results indicate that PGC‐1α is induced by cerebral ischemia leading to upregulation of UCP2 and SOD2, thereby providing a neuroprotective effect against ischemic brain injury in the hippocampus by ameliorating oxidative stress. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Decreased levels of PSD95 and two associated proteins and increased levels of BCl2 and caspase 3 in hippocampus from subjects with amnestic mild cognitive impairment: Insights into their potential roles for loss of synapses and memory, accumulation of Aβ, and neurodegeneration in a prodromal stage of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Sultana Rukhsana , Banks William A. , Butterfield D. Allan 
Published: September 2009

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia and is pathologically characterized by senile plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, synaptic disruption and loss, and progressive neuronal deficits. The exact mechanism(s) of AD pathogenesis largely remain unknown. With advances in technology diagnosis of a pre‐AD stage referred to as amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has become possible. Amnestic MCI is characterized clinically by memory deficit, but normal activities of daily living and no dementia. In the present study, compared to controls, we observed in hippocampus from subjects with MCI a significantly decreased level of PSD95, a key synaptic protein, and also decreased levels of two proteins associated with PSD95, the N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor, subunit 2A (NR2A) and the low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐1 (LRP1). PSD95 and NR2A are involved in long‐term potentiation, a key component of memory formation, and LRP1 is involved in efflux of amyloid beta‐peptide (1‐42). Aβ (1‐42) conceivably is critical to the pathogenesis of MCI and AD, including the oxidative stress under which brain in both conditions exist. The data obtained from the current study suggest a possible involvement of these proteins in synaptic alterations, apoptosis and consequent decrements in learning and memory associated with the progression of MCI to AD. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Overexpression of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 reduces oxidation‐induced toxicity in SH‐SY5Y neuroblastoma cells
Authors: Zhang M. , Shoeb M. , Goswamy J. , Liu P. , Xiao T.L. , Hogan D. , Campbell G.A. , Ansari N.H. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractOxidative stress leading to lipid peroxidation is a problem in neurodegenerative diseases, because the brain is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids and low in endogenous antioxidants. One of the most toxic byproducts of lipid peroxidation, 4‐hydroxynonenal (HNE), is implicated in oxidative stress‐induced damage in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). In this study, the human neuroblastoma cell line SH‐SY5Y was used to test the protective effects of increasing the detoxification of HNE by overexpressing the HNE‐detoxifying enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1). Overexpression of ALDH1 in the SH‐SY5Y cells acts to reduce production of protein–HNE adducts and activation of caspase‐3. Our data suggest that detoxification of HNE could be therapeutic in preventing some of the toxic disruptions of the brain's redox systems found in many neurodegenerative diseases. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cystatin C and parenchymal thickness/kidney length ratio in Wilms tumor survivors
Authors: Stefanowicz Joanna , Kosiak Mateusz , Kosiak Wojciech , Korbus‐Kosiak Anna , Sierota Danuta , Owczuk Radoslaw 
Published: September 2009

AbstractBackgroundThis study presents a clinical, biochemical, and sonographic evaluation of single kidneys in Wilms tumor survivors.ProcedureThe function of single kidneys in 26 Wilms tumor survivors (mean age, 11.17 years; mean follow‐up, 7.09 years) was evaluated using cystatin C (CysC) levels and compared to serum creatinine concentration and glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), the latter of which was estimated by the Schwartz formula. The length of the kidney, the resistance index (RI) of the renal vessels, and the parenchymal thickness/kidney length ratio (PT/KL) were evaluated by sonographic examination.ResultsGroup A (n = 15) consisted of children with normal CysC levels, and group B (n = 11) consisted of children with CysC over 0.95 mg/L. No differences were observed between the groups in creatinine concentration, age, follow‐up evaluation, age at the time of diagnosis, or kidney size. Children with elevated CysC had statistically lower eGFR (P = 0.02) and PT/KL (P = 0.0065). The correlation rate between CysC and PT/KL in all children was −0.38. Kidney hypertrophy was observed in 23 children and was correlated with CysC (group A, R = 0.46; group B, R = 0.4; P < 0.05). RI was normal in all individuals.ConclusionsCysC levels may be elevated in people with normal GFR. Hypertrophy of a single kidney increases with deteriorating kidney function. PT/KL should be verified in future studies as a sonographic marker of kidney impairment. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010; 54:41–46. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.