bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Caring Hands Initiative
Authors: Al Shire Hyatt 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
During 2010, Bunduq Company Limited ("Bunduq") developed and delivered an innovative community engagement initiative called "Caring Hands" which focused on providing children with potentially life-saving skills in accident prevention, staying safe and administering basic first aid. In 2011 the program was extended to provide fully certified first aid training to students at one of the Higher Colleges of Technology in Abu Dhabi. To date the initiative has provided training to 213 children and 35 tutors and students.
Environmental Impact Evaluation of a Safe Drilling Mud
Authors: Adesina Fadairo , Anthony Ameloko , Gbadegesin Adeyemi , Eseoghene Ogidigbo , Oyakhire Airende 
Published: April 2012

AbstractDue to increase in environmental legislation against the disposition of oil based mud and an increase in environmental awareness, there is need for drilling companies to come up with a superior drilling mud with little or no aromatic content, which is biodegradable and environmentally friendly which poses no health hazard to oilfield workers and the host community.For this study, oil extracted from the non food plant seeds (jatropha and canola seeds) were used as the base fluid for drilling mud samples in laboratory, oil in water emulsion was made using oil-water ratio of 70 to 30. 200ml of oil; 350ml of water, 50g of bentonite and barite was finally added to build the density up to 10ppg. Three mud samples were formulated with three different based fluids which are diesel, jatropha and canola oil based mud samples. Different mud laboratory tests such as toxicity, filtration, pH, viscosity and density were carried out on the three samples to ascertain their suitability properties for drilling operation and their degree of safety to the environment.The results obtained show that jatropha has the lowest viscosity, which imply less resistance to flow and lower pressure losses. The outcome of toxicity test confirmed jatropha to be safer and less harmful to plant life and soil micro organism while diesel proved to be most toxic among the three samples. The overall results obtained from laboratory tests indicate that jatropha oil based mud pose great chance of being among the technically and environmentally viable replacements for convectional diesel oil based mud. The study serves as one of the ending solution to the environmental problem associated to oil based drilling operation especially in deep water exploitation.
A Leg Up For Safety - Installation of Vapour Phase Corrosion Inhibitor (VPCI) and Corrosion Monitor Program
Authors: Morsy Magdy Saad 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
Umm Shaif Field have twenty six Caisson Legs at different platforms namely six at USAP, Six at USEAP, four at PGP and 10 at WIP.
A fatal accident occurred in November 2000 as a result of an explosion inside the confined compartment around the caisson leg "SB" of Power Generation Barge (PGB)).
The investigation following the incident identified several recommendations one of which was to remove the blasting grit laying inside the caisson legs that had accumulated over last 20–25 years from blast cleaning operations.
As part of a pilot study the blasting grit and the biocide treated water was removed on one of the legs (PA at USAAP) and it was retained in an in empty condition, as a pilot project.
As part of this the Integrity Division decided to protect the inside of the leg by applying a Vapour Phase Corrosion Inhibitor and Corrosion Monitor Program.
This Innovative pilot example on Caisson leg US 52 internal protection technique, has happened for the first time in ADMA and considered as actual pioneer example in all offshore located OPCOs.
The weight loss corrosion coupons will be checked after one year in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the newly applied VPCI and if all the tests prove conclusive then the dry leg system will be implemented in all the Caisson legs on all the platforms.
Comprehensive QA/QC Program To Improve Safety & Integrity For All Wells
Authors: Diab Nabil 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
QA / QC Program to improve Safety & Integrity of all Wells:
The Equipment Integrity Assurance & Certification System is created with the target of Assuring Well Equipment Integrity before running in the well and therefore eliminating unforeseen equipment failures which extends the well life and improves well quality, performance and integrity. The equipment check list was initially developed to cover gas well equipment, however when it was proven successful and of added value on HSE & Operations the utilization was extended to equipment for all wells.
The system is been created to assure Equipment Integrity and eliminate equipment failures during any stage of well drilling and construction till the succesfull completion run and handover integral well as intended.
The system covers the preparation, inspection, and make up of equipment in town as follows:
Dimensional checks (ID's, OD's, Drift). Visual/Calliper Thread Inspection. Make-ups of accessories to Casing and Pup Joints. Assemble Setting Tools to liner hangers and liner top packers and carry out all required tests. Provide supporting pressure test charts / certificates for the made-up and assembled components. Provide reference of all involved parties / personnel carried out and witnessed the activities. Issue the equipment to the rig with Check List (Certificate), briefing all the actions implemented in town. The Check List is signed by all participants & approved by Equipment & Service Team Leader (EQSTL) and Drilling Operations Team Leader (DROTL) as Single Point of Responsibility (SPA).
Developing Novel Wellbore Heat Transfer Strategies for HPHT Wells
Authors: Shoushtari Mohd Amin , Al-Kayiem Hussain H. , Irawan Sonny , Saaid Ismail B. 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
Oil and Gas production from HTHP reservoirs involves significant heat exchange between the wellbore fluid and its surroundings. During production, the hot fluid loses heat to the cold surroundings, continuously as it moves up the borehole. The heat transfer process impacts well-integrity and, in turn, the ability of the well to perform its required function effectively and efficiently with regard to safety and environmental factors.
One often overlooked heat transfer effect is the increase in annulus pressure resulting from annular fluid thermal expansion, which can result in tubing collapse or casing burst. Damage due to high annular pressure can also dramatically affect well- integrity.
During the design phase of a HPHT well, it is necessary to avoid risks and uncertainties and accurately plan the life cycle.
The present work aims to investigate the nature, and predict the natural convection heat transfer coefficient in the annulus. The approach to model the natural convection heat transfer in this work is by analytical and numerical techniques. The annular space between the tubing and the casing was treated as a finite space bounded by walls and filled with fluid media (enclosures). Correlations for vertical enclosures were employed in the study. The flow field was modeled and simulated for numerical analysis, using ANSYS-FLUENT - 12 software package. Some boundary parameters have been defined by the user and fed to the software. The predicted values of Nusselt numbers from both analytical and numerical approaches were compared with those of previous experimental investigations. The results of the present work can be used for preliminary design calculations of HPHT wells to estimate rate of heat transfer from HPHT wells. This work provides a novel baseline assessment for temperature related well-integrity problems in HPHT wells.
Novel Autonomous Recycling System
Authors: Al-Obaidi Abdullah , Al-Ali Khaled , Rabia Mohamed , Al-Khuffash Kamal , Qaroot Yahya , Saleh Khaled , Lamont Lisa , Al-Hajeri Ebrahim , El-Chaar Lana , Karki Hamad 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
The UAE Government is actively attempting to lead the efforts of reducing CO2 emissions by encouraging the process of recycling materials and implementing renewable energy sources. Currently, the collection of recyclable material is via different labeled bins which hold the materials. Even though such configuration is a very cost effective, people tend not to follow instructions hence requiring the mixed materials inside the bin to be sorted after collection. Therefore, this paper proposes a system for autonomously identifying, handling, and sorting plastic, aluminum, and glass waste products. The system is intended to operate in an outdoor environment and therefore, solar energy technology is integrated as its primary power source. Many challenges are present in the system particularly in reliably identifying the various materials. Hence, an innovative material identification method were tested and implemented in the system. The method introduces the principle of recording, analyzing and identifying the recyclable materials from the sound effect generated when the object is dropped on a hard surface. The system was tested by throwing 300 samples of plastic, glass, aluminum with different shapes, sizes, and colors in both quiet and noisy environments. Out of 300 samples, only 1 sample was identified incorrectly which gives a success rate of 99.67%. Therefore, this system is an effective solution to reduce the cost and time required by material recovery facilities in the recycling process. In order to encourage the community to recycle, the system is enhanced by a novel idea where money is given in exchange for the recyclable objects based on weight and material through coding and limits based on the UAE Standards. The user has also the option of donating the accumulated sum for a specific charity.
The Wandering Ways of a PICC Line: Case Report of a Malpositioned Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC) and Correction
Authors: Catudal J. Patricia , Sharpe Elizabeth L. 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
Peripherally Inserted Central Catheters (PICC) are essential in modern infusion therapy. We describe a case of a full-term infant with Trisomy 21, congenital cardiac anomalies and sepsis, where the PICC became malpositioned. Noninvasive repositioning strategies were successfully utilized through a team approach, which enabled this unstable infant to complete their therapy course without the undue stress of inserting a new PICC or requiring additional X-Rays or more invasive replacement procedures.
RN Knowledge of Vascular Access Devices Management
Authors: Paolucci Helen , Nutter Benjamin , Albert Nancy M. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractPurpose: To explore the level of RNs knowledge of managing vascular access devices (VADs)- peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) and midline catheters, and to determine if nurse characteristics are associated with knowledge level.Background: Education of nursing staff about VAD management can improve quality of care and assure standards of practice are maintained.Review of Literature: Minimal research is available on nurses' knowledge of managing VAD catheters.Methods: Nurses working on a colo-rectal unit who frequently manage VADs in a large tertiary-care medical center voluntarily completed one anonymous, validated, 10-item survey of VAD management themes. Analysis included descriptive and correlational statistics.Results: Of 36 nurses, (97% female, 53% full time), mean VAD knowledge score was 8.1 ± 1.4 (81% mean sum score). Perceived general level of comfort in flushing PICCs (r=.35, P=0.04), using Alteplase with PICCs (r=.36, P=0.03) and changing dressings (r=.38; P=0.03) were associated with higher knowledge scores. Of 10 items, 4 resulted in scores below 80%: how fast a Midline can be used after insertion, first step in managing a PICC upon admission, steps in dealing with a withdrawal occlusion, and steps post interventional radiology PICC insertion; however, nurse characteristics were not associated with scores above or below 80%.Conclusions: Nurses working in the colo-rectal unit that frequently treat patients with VADs were generally knowledgeable about their management. Perceived nurse comfort in flushing a PICC, using Alteplase, and changing dressings were associated with higher knowledge.Implications for Practice: Nurses' impressions of comfort with VAD management should be regularly assessed by nurse managers to assure optimal knowledge.
Haematological and innate immune responses in Puntius sarana: normal range and seasonal variation
Authors: Das Abhilipsa , Jena Joy , Sahoo Pramoda 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
A study was conducted to measure the normal ranges, seasonal and annual variations in haematological and immune parameters of juvenile healthy Puntius sarana (weighing 75–100 g) during three major seasons over two consecutive years. Significantly (P<0.05) lower serum myeloperoxidase and ceruloplasmin activities, superoxide production, plasma glucose level, packed cell volume and haemoglobin concentration were detected in winter as compared to the summer season. However, serum lysozyme activity, antiprotease activity, total erythrocyte count (TEC) and TLC profiles were consistent during all seasons. The reference intervals (25th–75th) of each parameter were estimated and a range was established. The annual changes in immune parameters with minimum and maximum values were measured and a significant variation was noticed in myeloperoxidase, antiprotease, total protein levels and TEC over two consecutive years. The lower levels in haematological and innate immune status of fish during winter possibly indicate a higher disease risk period for the species.
Long-term changes in numbers of geese stopping over and wintering in south-western Poland
Authors: Wuczyński Andrzej , Smyk Bartosz , Kołodziejczyk Paweł , Lenkiewicz Wiesław , Orłowski Grzegorz , Pola Andrzej 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
South-western Poland belongs to the key staging areas for geese in Europe, supporting some 100000 birds in recent years. We compared goose counts conducted in the 1970s, 1990s and during 2009–2011 in this region, and linked the findings to the recent assessments of trends in the flyway-populations. Numbers increased several dozen times between the first two counts and have stabilized to the present. More than 14% of the flyway Tundra Bean Goose (Anser fabalis rossicus) stopped over in SW Poland on passage. Smaller numbers of White-fronted Goose (A. albifrons), Greylag Goose (A. anser), and four other rarer species, have all increased since the 1970s. The likely factors responsible for these changes are mild weather conditions, increased availability of large water bodies and shifts in winter ranges of particular species. Temporal mismatch between SW Poland and the total flyways in Bean and White-fronted Geese was recorded when we compared the long-term and the short-term population trends. Increasing reports of other species in SW Poland match the general tendencies in Europe. These data document that regional trends are not a simple reflection of those in flyways as a whole. To understand changes in goose populations a re-established international count network is desired.
Rhizobial communities in symbiosis with legumes: genetic diversity, competition and interactions with host plants
Authors: Wielbo Jerzy 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
The term ‘Rhizobium-legume symbiosis’ refers to numerous plant-bacterial interrelationships. Typically, from an evolutionary perspective, these symbioses can be considered as species-to-species interactions, however, such plant-bacterial symbiosis may also be viewed as a low-scale environmental interplay between individual plants and the local microbial population. Rhizobium-legume interactions are therefore highly important in terms of microbial diversity and environmental adaptation thereby shaping the evolution of plant-bacterial symbiotic systems. Herein, the mechanisms underlying and modulating the diversity of rhizobial populations are presented. The roles of several factors impacting successful persistence of strains in rhizobial populations are discussed, shedding light on the complexity of rhizobial-legume interactions.
Biology and ecology of Appendiseta robiniae (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea) — an alien species in Europe
Authors: Borowiak-Sobkowiak Beata , Durak Roma 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
Elements of the biology and ecology of A. robiniae were studied in Poland during the period of 2008–2009. The term of spring hatching, number of generations per season, developmental time of particular generations, lifespan of specimens and fecundity of particular generations were all defined. The dynamics of the species’ occurrence on its host plant were also determined. The two-year study showed a maximum of 11 aphid generations can develop on Robinia pseudoacacia. Females of the second and third generations were found to be the most fertile. These findings indicate that the species has adapted well in Poland and its biological predispositions have enabled it to rapidly increase in population.
Time-dependent perezone production in different culture systems of Acourtia cordata
Authors: Gómez-Serrano Gabriela , Cristiani-Urbina Eliseo , Villegas-Garrido Thelma 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
Perezone, a sesquiterpenic benzoquinone with diverse medicinal properties, accumulates in the roots of Acourtia species. In this time-dependent study, the production of perezone was followed in A. cordata culture systems of plants kept in vitro or acclimated and grown in pots. Perezone was characterized by several analytical methods, using the crystallized compound isolated from roots of wild plants as standard. A procedure was developed for its selective quantification, which considers the specific bathochromic shift of the absorbance band in the visible region between the spectra of perezone in its non-ionic and ionic forms, with intensity directly proportional to concentration. In vitro, perezone was recovered from A. cordata roots in average amounts of 5.21 mg g−1 dry weight. Contrastingly, in plants under ex vitro conditions, perezone in roots increased logarithmically, rising from an average of 2.4 mg g−1 dry weight at the 12th week, to 43.6 mg g−1 dry weight at the 31st week, an amount comparable to wild plants. These findings show the feasibility of in vitro and ex vitro culture systems to propagate and conserve the germplasm of perezone-producing Acourtia plants, and a fast and reliable method for the quantification of this valuable compound.
Biologically active secondary metabolites from Actinomycetes
Authors: Solecka Jolanta , Zajko Joanna , Postek Magdalena , Rajnisz Aleksandra 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
Secondary metabolites obtained from Actinomycetales provide a potential source of many novel compounds with antibacterial, antitumour, antifungal, antiviral, antiparasitic and other properties. The majority of these compounds are widely used as medicines for combating multidrug-resistant Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. Members of the genus Streptomyces are profile producers of previously-known secondary metabolites. Actinomycetes have been isolated from terrestrial soils, from the rhizospheres of plant roots, and recently from marine sediments. This review demonstrates the diversity of secondary metabolites produced by actinomycete strains with respect to their chemical structure, biological activity and origin. On the basis of this diversity, this review concludes that the discovery of new bioactive compounds will continue to pose a great challenge for scientists.
Analysis of polyphenols, phytosterols, and bitter principles in Teucrium L. species
Authors: Grubešić Renata , Kremer Dario , Vladimir-Knežević Sanda , Rodríguez Jadranka 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
Total polyphenols, tannins, β-sitosterol, and bitterness values were determined in native and cultivated populations of Teucrium L. species from Croatia (T. arduini L., T. botrys L., T. chamaedrys L., T. flavum L., T. montanum L., T. polium L., and T. scordium L. subsp. scordioides Schreb.). Teucrium species have long been present in folk medicine for diverse medicinal uses, but little is known about polyphenols, phytosterols, and bitter principles. Spectrophotometrically determined contents of total polyphenols (TP) and tannins (T) significantly varied among investigated Teucrium species and were somewhat higher in native populations. The highest TP and T contents were measured in native specimens of T. montanum (TP: 13.68%; T: 3.48%). Scanning densitometry was used for measurements of β-sitosterol levels in plant samples ranged from 0.056% (T. montanum) to 0.129% (T. botrys), and it was not significantly different between native and cultivated specimens of the same plant species. Bitterness values were similar for native and cultivated samples of the same plant species; the highest was measured for T. montanum (15659). The present study suggests that Teucrium species growing in Croatia have potential for cultivation and might be a valuable source of natural bioactive compounds.
Effects of Statins on the Recovery of Olfactory Function in a 3-Methylindole–Induced Anosmia Mouse Model
Authors: Kim Hyo Yeol , Kim Joon Ho , Dhong Hun-Jong , Kim Ki Ryung , Chung Seung-Kyu , Chung Soo-Chan , Kang Jeong Min , Jung Yong Gi , Jang Seong Yun , Hong Sang Duk 
Published: April 2012

Background Despite the importance of olfactory function, no effective medications have been identified to treat olfactory disorders. This study was performed to evaluate the functional recovery of olfaction damaged by 3-methylindole (3MI) in a mouse model with hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins). Methods In a randomized placebo-controlled trial, 24 healthy female BALB/c mice (aged 9–10 weeks and weighing 18–20 g each) were randomly allocated to statin-treated or control groups. Olfactory loss was induced by i.p. injections of 3MI. Atorvastatin (10 mg/kg) or normal saline was then administered per os with a gastric tube for 3 weeks. The effects of treatment were evaluated by food-finding tests and Western blot analysis. Results Both groups showed complete losses of olfactory function 1 week after 3MI injection. Three weeks after 3MI injection, 9 of the 12 mice in the statin-treated group (75%) passed a food-finding test, in which they were able to find the food within 3 minutes, at least two times out of three trials. However, only two mice in the control group (16.6%) passed the food-finding test, and this difference was statistically significant (p = 0.004; chi-square test). The expression level of the olfactory marker protein was also elevated in the statin-treated group (p = 0.030; Wilcoxon rank sum test). Conclusion Statins are associated with recovery of olfaction after 3MI injection in a mouse model.