bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE POWER OF THE PURSE AND BUDGETARY ACCOUNTABILITY: EXPERIENCES FROM SUBNATIONAL GOVERNMENTS IN CHINA
Authors: Lu Yi , Xue Chenghai 
Published: September 2011

SUMMARYAccountability is the cornerstone of fiscal administration. This research studies the relationship between accountability and the sharing of budgetary power. We found that the accountability in China is supported by the superior of bureaucratic power, instead of the comprehensiveness of various accountability components. The implication is that the accountability is facilitated in terms of emphasising to whom government officials are accountable within the chain of command, reducing goal conflicts and improving strategic goal attainment. However, it is hindered at the same time in terms of lacking evaluations perceived to be impartial, limited room for democratic accountability, over‐implementation of policies at all costs, and weak comprehensive awareness of ‘accountable for what’ (as long as it is a policy direction from the top). The structure of the power of the purse both enables and limits the tone and terrain of budget accountability in particular and government accountability in general. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Neuropilin‐1 expression in cancer and development
Authors: Jubb Adrian M , Strickland Laura A , Liu Scot D , Mak Judy , Schmidt Maike , Koeppen Hartmut 
Published: September 2011

AbstractNeuropilin (NRP)‐1 is a co‐receptor for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Preclinical data suggest that blockade of NRP1 suppresses tumour growth by inhibiting angiogenesis, in addition to directly inhibiting tumour cell proliferation in certain models. A humanized monoclonal antibody to NRP1 is currently being evaluated as a potential anti‐cancer therapy in clinical trials. However, the expression of NRP1 in cancer and physiological angiogenesis has yet to be systematically described. Here we characterize the in situ expression of NRP1 in human cancer and during mammalian development. A monoclonal antibody to human NRP1 was generated and validated for immunohistochemistry by western blotting, use of formalin‐fixed cell pellets transfected with NRP1, immunofluorescence, and comparison with in situ hybridization. NRP1 expression was assessed in whole sections of 65 primary breast carcinomas, 95 primary colorectal adenocarcinomas, and 90 primary lung carcinomas. An additional 59 human metastases, 16 xenografts, and three genetically engineered mouse tumour models were also evaluated. Immunoreactivity for NRP1 was seen in vessels from normal tissues adjacent to cancer and in 98–100% of carcinomas. Tumour cell expression of NRP1 was also observed in 36% of primary lung carcinomas and 6% of primary breast carcinomas, but no colorectal adenocarcinomas. NRP1 was evaluated in mouse embryos, where expression was limited to the nervous system, endocardium, vascular smooth muscle, and, focally, endothelium on subsets of vessels. Moreover, in a model of VEGF‐dependent angiogenesis in the postnatal mouse trachea, blockade of NRP1 signalling resulted in defective angiogenesis and recapitulated the effects of anti‐VEGF treatment. These observations confirm NRP1 as a valid anti‐angiogenic target in malignancy, and as a potential direct anti‐tumour target in a subset of cancers. The data also confirm a role for NRP1 in physiological, VEGF‐mediated angiogenesis. Copyright © 2011 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Alcohol consumption and binge drinking in young adult childhood cancer survivors
Authors: Rebholz Cornelia E. , Kuehni Claudia E. , Strippoli Marie‐Pierre F. , Rueegg Corina S. , Michel Gisela , Hengartner Heinz , Bergstraesser Eva , von der Weid Nicolas X. ,   for the Swiss Pediatric Oncology Group (SPOG)
Published: September 2011

AbstractBackgroundThis study compared frequency of alcohol consumption and binge drinking between young adult childhood cancer survivors and the general population in Switzerland, and assessed its socio‐demographic and clinical determinants.ProcedureChildhood cancer survivors aged <16 years when diagnosed 1976–2003, who had survived >5 years and were currently aged 20–40 years received a postal questionnaire. Reported frequency of alcohol use and of binge drinking were compared to the Swiss Health Survey, a representative general population survey. Determinants of frequent alcohol consumption and binge drinking were assessed in a multivariable logistic regression.ResultsOf 1,697 eligible survivors, 1,447 could be contacted and 1,049 (73%) responded. Survivors reported more often than controls to consume alcohol frequently (OR = 1.7; 95%CI = 1.3–2.1) and to engage in binge drinking (OR = 2.9; 95%CI = 2.3–3.8). Peak frequency of binge drinking in males occurred at age 24–26 years in survivors, compared to age 18–20 in the general population. Socio‐demographic factors (male gender, high educational attainment, French and Italian speaking, and migration background from Northern European countries) were most strongly associated with alcohol consumption patterns among both survivors and controls.ConclusionsThe high frequency of alcohol consumption found in this study is a matter of concern. Our data suggest that survivors should be better informed on the health effects of alcohol consumption during routine follow‐up, and that such counseling should be included in clinical guidelines. Future research should study motives of alcohol consumption among survivors to allow development of targeted health interventions for this vulnerable group. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012; 58: 256–264. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Bone density in post‐pubertal adolescent survivors of childhood brain tumors
Authors: Cohen Laurie E. , Gordon Joshua H. , Popovsky Erica Y. , Sainath Nina N. , Feldman Henry A. , Kieran Mark W. , Gordon Catherine M. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBackgroundChildhood cancer survivors are at high risk for reduced bone mineral density (BMD). Our objective was to determine whether post‐pubertal adolescent survivors of brain tumors, whose tumor or treatments placed them at risk for pituitary hormone deficiencies, have low BMD near time of peak bone mass accrual, and to assess risk factors for decreased BMD.ProcedureChart review of 36 post‐pubertal adolescents with history of tumor or radiation therapy (RT) of the hypothalamic–pituitary area who had undergone BMD screening via dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA).ResultsAge at DXA was 16.9 ± 1.9 years (mean ± SD). Time since diagnosis was 8.5 ± 3.6 years. Median BMD Z scores were –0.95 (range −2.7 to 1.7) at the femoral neck, −1.20 (−3.6 to 1.8) at the hip, and −0.90 (−3.7 to 1.8) at the spine. Bone mineral apparent density (BMAD) Z scores were −0.23 (−2.7 to 1.9) at the femoral neck and −0.45 (−3.0 to 2.3) at the spine. Those with history of ≥1 fracture had lower BMD Z scores of the femoral neck, total hip, and spine (P < 0.05). Those with treated GH deficiency (GHD) had a higher BMD Z‐score at the femoral neck, total hip, and spine (P < 0.05) than those not treated. There was no difference in BMD with respect to treatment with chemotherapy, cranial or spinal RT, or hypogonadism. Spontaneous menarche and regular periods did not correlate with BMD.ConclusionsIn post‐pubertal adolescent survivors of childhood brain tumors, fracture history and untreated GHD are risk factors for decreased BMD. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012; 58: 959–963. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Intra‐abdominal kaposiform hemangioendothelioma and the benefits of laparoscopic surveillance
Authors: Thompson Chris V. , Wells Jon M. , Bowen Claire , Brundler Marie‐Anne , Kearns Pamela , Arul G. Suren 
Published: September 2011

AbstractWe report a case of a neonate presenting with the rare vascular tumor, Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma. She had a lesion arising from the left ovary with multiple intraperitoneal metastases causing small bowel obstruction. We managed this case with primary surgical resection followed by laparoscopic surveillance of the peritoneal cavity and metastectomy. The child is fit and well and free of tumor after 32 months. Neither this presentation of this tumor nor this management approach has been previously described in the literature. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012; 58: 992–993. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effect of the nature of clay on the thermo‐mechanodynamical and electrical properties of epoxy/clay nanocomposites
Authors: Thelakkadan A.S. , Coletti G. , Guastavino F. , Fina A. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe effect of nature of clay on the thermo–mechanodynamical and electrical properties of epoxy/clay nanocomposites prepared from bisphenolic epoxy resins and different nanoclays are presented. The thermal–mechanodynamical properties of the nanocomposites were studied by DMTA, showing significant increase in both elastic modulus and glass transition temperature. Short time AC dielectric breakdown strength measurements carried out on the nanocomposites showed an increase in dielectric breakdown strength for the nanocomposites prepared with organically modified clays. The space charges accumulated in the materials as studied by pulsed electroacoustics method showed a significant decrease in the space charge accumulation in the nanocomposites with organoclays as the nanofiller. Similarly the space charge decays almost completely in the nanocomposites prepared with organoclays as nanofiller. POLYM. COMPOS., 2011. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers
Separation of bitter and nonbitter glucolipid from Lycopersicon Pennellii by liquid/liquid partition
Authors: Nair Muraleedharan , Burke Basil , Mudd Brian 
Published: September 2011

AbstractSolvent extraction of the aerial portions of Lycopersicon pennellii afforded a dark green lipid extract with bitter taste and unpleasant odour. This total lipid was separted into colorless, odourless, bitter and nonbitter glucolipid fractions by liquid/liquid partition. This method was highly successful in the scale up production of bitter and nonbitter glucolipids.
High performance liquid chromatography, thin layer chromatography and ultraviolet behaviour of flavone aglycones with unsubstituted B rings
Authors: Tomás‐Barberán Francisco A. , Iniesta‐Sanmartin Esther , Ferreres Federico , Tomás‐Lorente Francisco 
Published: September 2011

AbstractStructural identification of flavonoid aglycones with unsubstituted B rings is rather difficult using the classical techniques, especially with respect to chemotaxonomic studies when only minute amounts of substances are available. In the present work, the thin layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography behaviour of these substances has been evaluated, and correlations between structural features, Rf values and elution order (tR) have been established. In addition, their ultraviolet spectra in methanol have proved useful to ascertain substitution patterns and location of free hydroxyls. Additional Information can be obtained by analysis of the permethylated derivatives obtained by methylation of the naturally occurring compounds.
Interference of intracellular inorganic phosphate analysis by phosphatase in Papaver somniferum cell suspensions
Authors: Curtis Wayne R. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe analysis of intracellular inorganic phosphate in aqueous homogenates of Papaver somniferum cell suspensions results in an overestimation of intracellular inorganic phosphate (Pi) levels by as much as 300% due to protein interference and apparent phosphatase activity. Precipitation of protein with zinc sulfate results in a better estimate of intracellular Pi; however, phosphatase activity is still significant. Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) extraction effectively precipitates protein and eliminates phosphatase activity. Neutralization of the TCA extract prevents residual acid interference with subsequent colorimetric inorganic phosphate analysis. TCA extraction is shown to be a superior method for the analysis of intracellular Pi, especially in phosphate‐depleted plant cells.
Validation of ICD‐9‐CM codes to identify gastrointestinal perforation events in administrative claims data among hospitalized rheumatoid arthritis patients
Authors: Curtis Jeffrey R. , Chen Shih‐Yin , Werther Winifred , John Ani , Johnson David A. 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTPurposeTo validate, using physician review of abstracted medical chart data as a gold standard, a claims‐based algorithm developed to identify gastrointestinal (GI) perforation cases among rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients.MethodsPatients with established RA, aged 18 years or older with hospital admissions between January 2004 and September 2009, were selected from a large US‐hospital‐based database. An algorithm with International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD‐9‐CM) diagnosis codes for GI perforation and combinations of GI‐related diagnosis codes and Current Procedural Terminology (CPT‐4) procedure codes for relevant GI surgeries was used to identify potential GI perforation cases. Two senior experienced specialist physicians independently reviewed abstracted chart data and classified cases as confirmed or unconfirmed GI perforations. Positive predictive values (PPVs) to identify confirmed GI perforation were calculated and stratified by upper versus lower GI tract.ResultsOverall, 86 of 92 GI perforation cases were confirmed, yielding an overall PPV of 94% (95%confidence interval [CI] = 86%–98%). PPV was 100% (95%CI = 100%–100%) for upper GI perforation (esophagus, stomach) and 91% (95%CI = 90%–97%) for lower GI perforation (small intestine, PPV = 100%; large intestine, PPV = 94%; unspecified lower GI, PPV = 89%).ConclusionsThis algorithm, consisting of a combination of ICD‐9‐CM diagnosis and CPT‐4 codes, could be used in future safety studies to evaluate GI perforation risk factors in RA patients. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Concentration photovoltaic optical system irradiance distribution measurements and its effect on multi‐junction solar cells
Authors: Herrero Rebeca , Victoria Marta , Domínguez César , Askins Stephen , Antón Ignacio , Sala Gabriel 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTThis paper proposes an indoor procedure based on charge‐coupled device camera measurements to characterize the non‐uniform light patterns produced by optical systems used in concentration photovoltaic (CPV) systems. These irradiance patterns are reproduced on CPV solar cells for their characterization at concentrated irradiances by using a concentrator cell tester and placing high‐resolution masks over the cells. Measured losses based on the masks method are compared with losses in concentrator optical systems measured by using the Helios 3198 solar simulator for CPV modules. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Proteomic analysis of the sea‐island cotton roots infected by wilt pathogenVerticillium dahliae
Authors: Wang Fu‐Xin , Ma Yin‐Ping , Yang Chun‐Lin , Zhao Pi‐Ming , Yao Yuan , Jian Gui‐Liang , Luo Yuan‐Ming , Xia Gui‐Xian 
Published: September 2011

AbstractVerticillium wilt of cotton is a vascular disease mainly caused by the soil‐born filamentous fungusVerticillium dahliae. To study the mechanisms associated with defense responses in wilt‐resistant sea‐island cotton (Gossypium barbadense) uponV.dahliaeinfection, a comparative proteomic analysis between infected and mock‐inoculated roots ofG. barbadensevar. Hai 7124 (a cultivar showing resistance againstV. dahliae) was performed by 2‐DE combined with local EST database‐assisted PMF and MS/MS analysis. A total of 51 upregulated and 17 downregulated proteins were identified, and these proteins are mainly involved in defense and stress responses, primary and secondary metabolisms, lipid transport, and cytoskeleton organization. Three novel clues regarding wilt resistance ofG. barbadenseare gained from this study. First, ethylene signaling was significantly activated in the cotton roots attacked byV. dahliaeas shown by the elevated expression of ethylene biosynthesis and signaling components. Second, the Bet v 1 family proteins may play an important role in the defense reaction against Verticillium wilt. Third, wilt resistance may implicate the redirection of carbohydrate flux from glycolysis to pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). To our knowledge, this study is the first root proteomic analysis on cotton wilt resistance and provides important insights for establishing strategies to control this disease.
Analysis of the serine/threonine/tyrosine phosphoproteome of the pathogenic bacterium Listeria monocytogenes reveals phosphorylated proteins related to virulence
Authors: Misra Sandeep K. , Milohanic Eliane , Aké Francine , Mijakovic Ivan , Deutscher Josef , Monnet Véronique , Henry Céline 
Published: September 2011

AbstractPhosphorylation is the most common and widely studied post‐translational protein modification in bacteria. It plays an important role in all kinds of cellular processes and controls key regulatory mechanisms, including virulence in certain pathogens. To gain insight into the role of protein phosphorylation in the pathogen Listeria monocytogenes, the serine (Ser), threonine (Thr) and tyrosine (Tyr) phosphoproteome of this bacterium was determined. We used the “gel free” proteomic approach with high accuracy mass spectrometry after enrichment of phosphopeptides. A total of 143 sites of phosphorylation were clearly identified, on 155 unique peptides of 112 phosphoproteins. The Ser/Thr/Tyr phosphorylation site distribution was 93:43:7. All identified phosphopeptides are monophosphorylated, except one and many identified phosphoproteins are related to virulence, translation, phosphoenolpyruvate:sugar phosphotransferase system, glycolysis and stress response. A description of these phosphoproteins is provided together with a comparison of the phosphosites in the L. monocytogenes proteins and in their homologues of other bacteria for which the phosphoproteome has been determined. Compared with the previous studies, we noticed a more extended conservation of the phosphorylation sites in glycolytic enzymes as well as ribosomal proteins.
Physical properties of diblock methylcellulose derivatives with regioselective functionalization patterns: First direct evidence that a sequence of 2,3,6‐tri‐O‐methyl‐glucopyranosyl units causes thermoreversible gelation of methylcellulose
Authors: Nakagawa Atsushi , Fenn Dominik , Koschella Andreas , Heinze Thomas , Kamitakahara Hiroshi 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThis article describes detailed structure‐property relationships of 5 regioselectively methylated celluloses and 10 diblock cellulose derivatives with regioselective functionalization patterns: methyl 2,3,6‐tri‐O‐ (1, 236MC), methyl 2,3‐di‐O‐ (2, 23MC), methyl 2,6‐di‐O‐ (3, 26MC), methyl 3‐O‐ (4, 3MC), methyl 6‐O‐methyl‐cellulosides (5, 6MC), methyl β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐2,3,6‐tri‐O‐methyl‐ (6, G‐236MC), methyl β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐2,3‐di‐O‐methyl‐ (7, G‐23MC), methyl β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐2,6‐di‐O‐methyl‐ (8, G‐26MC), methyl β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐3‐O‐methyl‐ (9, G‐3MC), methyl β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐6‐O‐methyl‐ (10, G‐6MC), methyl β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐2,3,6‐tri‐O‐methyl‐ (11, GG‐236MC), methyl β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐2,3‐di‐O‐methyl‐ (12, GG‐23MC), methyl β‐D‐glucopy‐ranosyl‐(1→4)‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐2,6‐di‐O‐methyl‐ (13, GG‐26MC), methyl β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐3‐O‐methyl‐ (14, GG‐3MC), and methyl β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐6‐O‐methyl‐cellulosides (15, GG‐6MC). Surface tension, differential scanning calorimetry, fluorescence, and dynamic light scattering measurements of aqueous solutions of compounds 1–15 revealed that there was no relationship between aggregation behaviors and gel formation, gelation occurred only when the hydrophobic environments formed by hydrophobic interactions between the sequences of 2,3,6‐tri‐O‐methyl‐glucopyranosyl units upon heating. The diblock structure consisting of cellobiosyl block and approx. ten 2,3,6‐tri‐O‐methyl‐glucopyranosyl units was of crucial importance for thermoreversible gelation of methylcellulose. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 49: 1539–1546, 2011
Matched and mismatched cognitive appraisals in patients with breast cancer and their partners: implications for psychological distress
Authors: Bigatti Silvia M. , Steiner Jennifer L. , Makinabakan Nermin , Hernandez Ann Marie , Johnston Erica , Storniolo Anna Maria 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBackroundThe present study sought to identify couples' cognitive appraisals of breast cancer and the extent to which matched or mismatched appraisals within a couple contribute to distress.MethodsWomen with breast cancer (n = 57) and their partners completed the Cognitive Appraisals of Health Scale along with two self‐report measures of distress, the Profile of Mood States and the Impact of Events Scale. Four groups were created based on their cognitive appraisals. Couples where both patient and partner scored highest on challenge or benign appraisals formed the positive outlook group (P+S+); when both scored highest on threat or harm/loss, they formed the negative outlook group (P−S−). In the mismatched groups, the patient had a positive outlook, and their partner had a negative outlook (P+S−), or vice versa (P−S+).ResultsIn general, lower distress was related to participants' own positive outlook. Higher distress for patients was found in the matched group P−S−; for partners, it was found in the mismatched group P+S−.ConclusionsThese findings suggest partner effects for both patients and partners. When the patient had a negative outlook, a partner negative outlook was associated with the highest psychological distress. When the partner had a negative outlook, a patient positive outlook was associated with the highest psychological distress. There are several possible explanations for these findings, each with different implications for clinical practice. Future research with different groups of cancer patients and longitudinal, mixed methods designs may clarify their meaning. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.