bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
All-fiber few-mode interference for complex azimuthal pattern generation
Authors: Gómez-Méndez Josué I. , Carrillo-Betancourt Rodolfo A. , May-Arrioja Daniel A. , Velázquez-Benítez Amado M. , Cuando-Espitia Natanael , Hernández-Cordero Juan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe report on an all-fiber setup capable of generating complex intensity patterns using interference of few guided modes. Comprised by a few-mode fiber (FMF) spliced to a multimodal interference (MMI) fiber device, the setup allows for obtaining different output patterns upon adjusting the phases and intensities of the modes propagating in the FMF. We analyze the output patterns obtained when exciting two family modes in the MMI device using different phase and intensity conditions for the FMF modal base. Using this simple experimental arrangement we are able to produce complex intensity patterns with radial and azimuthal symmetry. Moreover, our results suggest that this approach provides a means to generate beams with orbital angular momentum (OAM).
Male sexual dysfunction in patients with chronic kidney disease: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Fu Ruijie , He Peihua , Hong Weihong , Liang Yichun , Wang Wen , Yuan Shaoying , Liu Lichang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSexual dysfunction is common in males with chronic kidney disease (CKD), but yet the prevalence and specific relationship between CKD and sexual dysfunction, especially premature ejaculation (PE), remain to be investigated in China; This study aims to examine the prevalence and association between CKD and sexual dysfunction in male patients in China; In this cross-sectional, non-interventional, observational study conducted at a single center. 72 male patients with CKD were enrolled. Data collection included socio-demographic information, assessments via the 5-item version of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5), the Chinese version of the Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool, the Patient Health Quentionnnaire-9 and the General Anxiety Disorder-7. Data analysis was performed using R version 3.5.2 and SPSS software version 25.0; Among the 72 CKD patients, 56.9% experienced erectile dysfunction and 29.2% had PE. Various factors including estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate, Albumin-to-Creatinine Ratio, psychological aspects, medication use were found to be associated with sexual dysfunction in these CKD patients; Sexual dysfunction is prevalent in males with CKD and is, influenced by multiple factors. It is important for clinicians to focus on sexual dysfunction in this patient group and further investigate its underlying mechanisms.
TO-UGDA: target-oriented unsupervised graph domain adaptation
Authors: Zeng Zhuo , Xie Jianyu , Yang Zhijie , Ma Tengfei , Chen Duanbing 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGraph domain adaptation (GDA) aims to address the challenge of limited label data in the target graph domain. Existing methods such as UDAGCN, GRADE, DEAL, and COCO for different-level (node-level, graph-level) adaptation tasks exhibit variations in domain feature extraction, and most of them solely rely on representation alignment to transfer label information from a labeled source domain to an unlabeled target domain. However, this approach can be influenced by irrelevant information and usually ignores the conditional shift of the downstream predictor. To effectively address this issue, we introduce a target-oriented unsupervised graph domain adaptive framework for graph adaptation called TO-UGDA. Particularly, domain-invariant feature representations are extracted using graph information bottleneck. The discrepancy between two domains is minimized using an adversarial alignment strategy to obtain a unified feature distribution. Additionally, the meta pseudo-label is introduced to enhance downstream adaptation and improve the model’s generalizability. Through extensive experimentation on real-world graph datasets, it is proved that the proposed framework achieves excellent performance across various node-level and graph-level adaptation tasks.
Unveiling the link between lactate metabolism and rheumatoid arthritis through integration of bioinformatics and machine learning
Authors: Yang Fan , Shen Junyi , Zhao Zhiming , Shang Wei , Cai Hui 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a persistent autoimmune condition characterized by synovitis and joint damage. Recent findings suggest a potential link to abnormal lactate metabolism. This study aims to identify lactate metabolism-related genes (LMRGs) in RA and investigate their correlation with the molecular mechanisms of RA immunity. Data on the gene expression profiles of RA synovial tissue samples were acquired from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database. The RA database was acquired by obtaining the common LMRDEGs, and selecting the gene collection through an SVM model. Conducting the functional enrichment analysis, followed by immuno-infiltration analysis and protein–protein interaction networks. The results revealed that as possible markers associated with lactate metabolism in RA, KCNN4 and SLC25A4 may be involved in regulating macrophage function in the immune response to RA, whereas GATA2 is involved in the immune mechanism of DC cells. In conclusion, this study utilized bioinformatics analysis and machine learning to identify biomarkers associated with lactate metabolism in RA and examined their relationship with immune cell infiltration. These findings offer novel perspectives on potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for RA.
Molecular epidemiology and hematological profiles of hemoglobin variants in southern Thailand
Authors: Tepakhan Wanicha , Kanjanaopas Sataron , Sreworadechpisal Korntip , Penglong Tipparat , Sripornsawan Pornpun , Wangchauy Chaowanee , Nokkong Chadaporn , Kongkan Chulalak , Buathong Saristha 
Published: April 2024

AbstractData on hemoglobin (Hb) variants in southern Thailand are lacking. This study aimed to reassess the frequency of Hb variants and the clinical aspects of compound heterozygous Hb variant with other hemoglobinopathies. We enrolled 13,391 participants from ten provinces in southern Thailand during 2015–2022. Hb analysis was performed using capillary electrophoresis, and mutations in the HBA and HBB genes were identified using PCR or DNA sequencing. Hb variants were identified in 337 (2.5%) unrelated subjects. Nine β-chain variants, namely Hb Malay (76.9%), Hb C (10.1%), Hb D-Punjab (2.9%), Hb G-Makassar (2.3%), Hb Dhonburi (2.3%), Hb Tak (1.4%), Hb J-Bangkok (1.4%), Hb New York (0.3%), and Hb Hope (0.3%), and four α-chain variants—Hb G-Georgia (HBA1) (0.9%), Hb G-Georgia (HBA2) (0.3%), Hb Q-Thailand (0.6%), and Hb St. Luke’s-Thailand (0.3%)—were identified. The southern population exhibited a distinct spectrum of Hb variants compared to that observed in the populations from other areas. Several compound heterozygous genotypes were also identified. Combining Hb Malay with Hb E or high Hb F determinants did not require a blood transfusion. This study provides essential information for genetic counseling in thalassemia prevention and control programs in this region.
Real-time near infrared artificial intelligence using scalable non-expert crowdsourcing in colorectal surgery
Authors: Skinner Garrett , Chen Tina , Jentis Gabriel , Liu Yao , McCulloh Christopher , Harzman Alan , Huang Emily , Kalady Matthew , Kim Peter 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSurgical artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to improve patient safety and clinical outcomes. To date, training such AI models to identify tissue anatomy requires annotations by expensive and rate-limiting surgical domain experts. Herein, we demonstrate and validate a methodology to obtain high quality surgical tissue annotations through crowdsourcing of non-experts, and real-time deployment of multimodal surgical anatomy AI model in colorectal surgery.
Record-breaking fire weather in North America in 2021 was initiated by the Pacific northwest heat dome
Authors: Jain Piyush , Sharma Aseem Raj , Acuna Dante Castellanos , Abatzoglou John T. , Flannigan Mike 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe 2021 North American wildfire season was marked by record breaking fire-conducive weather and widespread synchronous burning, extreme fire behaviour, smoke and evacuations. Relative to 1979–2021, the greatest number of temperature and vapor pressure deficit records were broken in 2021, and in July alone, 3.2 million hectares burned in Canada and the United States. These events were catalyzed by an intense heat dome that formed in late June over western North America that synchronized fire danger, challenging fire suppression efforts. Based on analysis of persistent positive anomalies of geopotential heights, the heat dome accounted for 21–34% of the total area burned in 2021. The event was 59% longer, 34% larger and had 6% higher maximum amplitude than the same event would have been without a warming climate. Climate change will continue to magnify heat dome events, increase fire danger, and enable extreme synchronous wildfire in forested areas of North America.
The value of unrealistic targets: why some climate activists are unwilling to abandon the 1.5 °C target
Authors: Hadden Jennifer , Prakash Aseem 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEvidence is mounting that the 1.5 °C goal of the Paris Agreement is unrealistic. But, contrary to many in the scientific community, major NGOs have remained steadfast in their support for this target. We argue that this is because “unrealistic” or aspirational targets can serve important political objectives, including becoming focal points for coalition-building and broad-based mobilization and allowing for effective naming and shaming.
Cellular remodeling and JAK inhibition promote zygotic gene expression in the Ciona germline
Authors: Ohta Naoyuki , Christiaen Lionel 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTranscription control is a major determinant of cell fate decisions in somatic tissues. By contrast, early germline fate specification in numerous vertebrate and invertebrate species relies extensively on RNA-level regulation, exerted on asymmetrically inherited maternal supplies, with little-to-no zygotic transcription. However delayed, a maternal-to-zygotic transition is nevertheless poised to complete the deployment of pre-gametic programs in the germline. Here, we focus on early germline specification in the tunicate Ciona to study zygotic genome activation. We first demonstrate that a peculiar cellular remodeling event excludes localized postplasmic Pem-1 mRNA, which encodes the general inhibitor of transcription. Subsequently, zygotic transcription begins in Pem-1-negative primordial germ cells (PGCs), as revealed by histochemical detection of elongating RNA Polymerase II, and nascent Mef2 transcripts. In addition, we uncover a provisional antagonism between JAK and MEK/BMPRI/GSK3 signaling, which controls the onset of zygotic gene expression, following cellular remodeling of PGCs. We propose a 2-step model for the onset of zygotic transcription in the Ciona germline and discuss the significance of germ plasm dislocation and remodeling in the context of developmental fate specification.
Interactions of proteins with heparan sulfate
Authors: Alotaibi Faizah S. , Alsadun Marim M.R. , Alsaiari Sarah A. , Ramakrishnan Krithika , Yates Edwin A. , Fernig David G. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Heparan sulfate (HS) is a glycosaminoglycan, polysaccharides that are considered to have arisen in the last common unicellular ancestor of multicellular animals. In this light, the large interactome of HS and its myriad functions in relation to the regulation of cell communication are not surprising. The binding of proteins to HS determines their localisation and diffusion, essential for embryonic development and homeostasis. Following the biosynthesis of the initial heparosan polymer, the subsequent modifications comprise an established canonical pathway and a minor pathway. The more frequent former starts with N-deacetylation and N-sulfation of GlcNAc residues, the latter with C-5 epimerisation of a GlcA residue adjacent to a GlcNAc. The binding of proteins to HS is driven by ionic interactions. The multivalent effect arising from the many individual ionic bonds between a single protein and a polysaccharide chain results in a far stronger interaction than would be expected from an ion-exchange process. In many instances, upon binding, both parties undergo substantial conformational change, the resulting hydrogen and van der Waal bonds contributing significant free energy to the binding reaction. Nevertheless, ionic bonds dominate the protein–polysaccharide interaction kinetically. Together with the multivalent effect, this provides an explanation for the observed trapping of HS-binding proteins in extracellular matrix. Importantly, individual ionic bonds have been observed to be dynamic; breaking and reforming, while the protein remains bound to the polysaccharide. These considerations lead to a model for 1D diffusion of proteins in extracellular matrix on HS, involving mechanisms such as sliding, chain switching and rolling.
Distributed quantized secure bipartite consensus of linear multi‐agent systems with switching topologies and sequential scaling attacks
Authors: Wang Qiang , Ji Shaokang , Wang Xiaofei , Peng Xin , Zhong Weimin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis paper considers the secure distributed control consensus problem of linear multi‐agent systems (MASs) under switching topologies, subject to intermittent sequential scaling attacks, which was compelled to scaling factor, attack frequency, duration and cooperative‐competitive networks. First, the scenario of a fixed topology is considered, and a novel control protocol combined with a logarithmic quantizer and relative state measurements of neighbouring agents is discussed. The sighed graph is utilized to characterize the communication topology determined by the information flow directions and captured by the graph Laplacian matrix. After that, sufficient conditions for effectiveness of the developed control methods in guiding the MASs to secure bipartite leader‐following consensus are constructed. Second, the scenario of switching topologies is considered, and it is derived that the secure bipartite consensus will be achieved if the designed state feedback control protocol with the scaling factor, the attack duration, attack frequency and switching signal are selected properly. At last, to prove the effectiveness of the designed controllers, a simulation example depended on the real‐word actual military is introduced.
Fuzzy control allocation of a positionable rotor quadrotor based on log‐barrier optimization and propulsion system fault toleration
Authors: Dehkordi Matin Davoudi , Danesh Mohammad 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHerein, a control system and a fault tolerance method for the rotor positionable quadrotor are proposed. Quadrotors that have a variable structure are made for different purposes. The rotor‐positionable quadrotor studied here, is a type of drone with a variable structure that has the ability to change the position of its rotors linearly along the axis of each arm. It can be seen that this capability can improve the drone robustness against disturbances and faults in comparison with regular quadcopters. Due to the over‐actuated dynamics of this type of quadrotor, the control allocation scheme based on log‐barrier optimization is employed to obtain the position and speed of each rotor. In this study, it is experimentally shown that rotor positioning not only reduces power consumption but also increases roll and pitch control inputs magnitude. Furthermore, when a fault occurs as a decrease in rotor speed, a fuzzy method is proposed to position the rotors which tolerates the fault. Finally, numerical simulations and experimental tests verified that rotor positioning can bring more robustness, reduction in power consumption, and fault tolerance in some rotor faults capabilities for quadrotors.
An entropy‐based model for quantifying multi‐dimensional traffic scenario complexity
Authors: Huang Ping , Ding Haitao , Chen Hong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractQuantifying the complexity of traffic scenarios not only provides an essential foundation for constructing the scenarios used in autonomous vehicle training and testing, but also enhances the robustness of the resulting driving decisions and planning operations. However, currently available quantification methods suffer from inaccuracies and coarse‐granularity in complexity measurements due to issues such as insufficient specificity or indirect quantification. The present work addresses these challenges by proposing a comprehensive entropy‐based model for quantifying traffic scenario complexity across multiple dimensions based on a consideration of the essential components of the traffic environment, including traffic participants, static elements, and dynamic elements. In addition, the limitations of the classical information entropy models applied for assessing traffic scenarios are addressed by calculating magnitude entropy. The proposed entropy‐based model is analyzed in detail according to its application to simulated traffic scenarios. Moreover, the model is applied to real world data within a naturalistic driving dataset. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed quantification model is illustrated by comparing the complexity results obtained for three typical traffic scenarios with those obtained using an existing multi‐factor complexity quantification method.
Design of an optical system equipped with blue LEDs for the irradiation of Drosophila melanogaster cultures
Authors: López-Bautista Mónica , Mejía-Sánchez Jorge Enrique , Ornelas-Rodríguez Francisco Javier , Mesa-Cornejo Viviana Matilde 
Published: April 2024

Drosophila melanogaster, better known as the fruit fly, has become a widely used model organism that has allowed us to understand many biological behaviors, from sleep to neurological diseases, behavioral patterns, reproduction, and the circadian cycle, which coordinates biological rhythms in a 24-hour daily cycle through its main Zeitgerber, light, especially blue light. Therefore, the aim of this work was to build an optical setup with a hexagonal design that allowed a large number of D. melanogaster cultures to be irradiated homogeneously with blue light simultaneously. This array can cover an illuminance range from 0 to approximately 600 lux by applying a current variation from 0 to approximately 1 A. It also has a real-time timer to turn the lights on and off, programmed in a 12:12 LD cycle for 24 h. The optical setup with its unique design can become a very useful tool for developing experiments and understanding paradigms related to blue light at genetic, behavioral and neuronal levels, among others that are still unanswered.
Deckung komplexer pararektaler Beckendefekte: Rolle der freien
myokutanen Musculus vastus lateralis Lappenplastik
Authors: Demmer Wolfram , Alt Verena , Mert Sinan , Nuernberger Tim , Wachtel Nikolaus , Karcz Konrad , Giunta Riccardo E. , Ehrl Denis 
Published: April 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Aufgrund eines fortgeschrittenen Rektumkarzinoms kann eine
Eviszeration mit Rektumamputation notwendig werden. Dabei können vor allem bei
entsprechenden Voroperationen und neoadjuvanter Radiatio, ausgedehnte sowie
tiefgreifende Weichteildefekte entstehen, die eine freie mikrovaskuläre
Gewebetransplantation nötig werden lassen. In dieser Fallserie zeigen wir die
erfolgreiche Kombination der muskulokutanen M. vastus lateralis-Lappenplastik
(MVL) mit direktem Anschluss an die A. glutealis superior.
Material und Methoden Wir untersuchten über einen Zeitraum von 47 Monaten,
11 retrospektiv Fälle von Patienten, bei denen dorsale Beckendefekte nach
Eviszeration und Rektumamputation bestanden, die mit lokalen oder regionalen
Mitteln nicht zu verschließen waren. Bei all diesen Patienten erfolgte bei
ausgedehnten Defekten mit tiefen pararektal Wundhöhlen eine Defektdeckung durch
eine freie myokutaner MVL-Lappenplastik mit direkte Gefäßanschluss an die
superioren Glutealgefäße.
Ergebnisse Die Defektgröße betrug im Mittel 290,0 cm² (SD: 131,2; Range:
200–600 cm²). Die Defekttiefe betrug im Mittel 10,5 cm. Die Defekte machten
somit MVL-Lappenplastiken mit einer mittleren Größe von 336,3 cm² notwendig. Es
waren aufgrund von Nachblutungen drei operative Revisionen nötig. Es traten
weder arterielle noch venöse Thrombosen sowie kein Lappenverlust auf. Einzig
wurde eine Lappenspitzennekrose beobachtet, die sekundär per Direktnaht
korrigiert werden konnte. Die Auswertung des Case-Mix ergab einen Wert von im
Mittelwert 24,251 (SD: 21,699; Range: 7,036–65,748) Punkten, was die Komplexität
der Fälle unterstreicht.
Schlussfolgerungen Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen, dass eine freie
mikrovaskuläre MVL-Lappenplastik eine praktikable Therapieoption für pararektale
Defekte darstellt, die nicht durch lokoregionale Methoden verschlossen werden
können. Die A. glutea superior ist dafür ein sicheres und suffizientes
Anschlussgefäß. In Kombination lassen sich auch ausgedehnte Defekte erfolgreich
verschließen.
Tratamento cirúrgico de lesão periparto do anel pélvico: Relato de caso
Authors: Lima Ewerton Borges de Souza , Janco Marco Antonio Rojas , Saturnino Ubiratan Stefani de Oliveira , Leal Tarcísio Alves , Reis Fernando Baldy dos , Cocco Luiz Fernando 
Published: April 2024

ResumoDurante o período gestacional, ocorre a dilatação da sínfise púbica, de forma a permitir o parto vaginal. No entanto, o alargamento exacerbado pode indicar lesão ligamentar, instabilidade pélvica, e desencadear queixa álgica importante. Tal quadro é uma condição incomum, denominada disjunção da sínfise púbica periparto (DSPP). Neste artigo, relatamos o caso de uma paciente com idade gestacional de 38 semanas que mantinha queixa álgica intensa na região lombar e pélvica, irradiada para o quadril e o joelho direito, após parto normal de gestação única, sem intercorrências obstétricas. A paciente apresentava extenso edema e equimose vulvar, e exames radiográficos evidenciaram disjunção da sínfise púbica de 7 cm e abertura da articulação sacroilíaca direita. Há controvérsias na literatura quanto à indicação do tratamento desses casos, mas os achados clínicos e radiográficos motivaram a opção pelo tratamento cirúrgico. Realizou-se o fechamento da sínfise púbica com placas ortogonais, além da estabilização da articulação sacroilíaca com parafuso percutâneo. A paciente fez acompanhamento ambulatorial por seis meses, com boa evolução e sem intercorrências, e retornou às atividades laborais com dor mínima, boa função e satisfação com o tratamento.