bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Synthesis of 3‐Carbo‐5‐phosphonylpyrazoles Through a One‐Pot Claisen—Schmidt/1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition/Oxidation Sequence.
Authors: Martin Anthony R. , Mohanan Kishor , Toupet Loic , Vasseur Jean‐Jacques , Smietana Michael 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe reaction is applied to aromatic aldehydes, methyl ketones and phosphonate (III) (Bestmann—Ohira reagent) to afford substituted 5‐phosphonylpyrazoles.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Iridoid and Effect on the Rat Aortic Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation of Isolated Compounds from Buddleja officinalis.
Authors: Tai Bui Huu , Nhiem Nguyen Xuan , Quang Tran Hong , Ngan Nguyen Thi Thanh , Tung Nguyen Huu , Kim Yohan , Lee Jung‐Jin , Myung Chang‐Seon , Cuong Nguyen Manh , Kim Young Ho 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe new iridoid, methylscutelloside (I), a monoterpenoid, three further iridoids, three flavonoids, and six phenylethanoids are isolated from the flowers of B.officinalis.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Evaluation of Mansonone F Derivatives as Topoisomerase Inhibitors.
Authors: Huang Shi‐Liang , et al. et al. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractTo investigate the impact of different substitution patterns on mansonone F, a variety of derivatives is synthesized including a series of 7,8‐dione derivatized compounds, 3‐ and 9‐substituted 7,8‐dione derivatives, and pyran‐ring opened 7,8‐dione derivatives, according to procedures reported previously with some proper modifications.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of a Mannose‐Bearing Disaccharide with a Thiol Spacer at the Reducing End.
Authors: Wang Chao , Baker David C. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe synthesis of a mannose‐bearing disaccharide (III) containing a thiol spacer at the reducing end is carried out to provide a tethered sugar suitable for attaching to gold nanoparticles.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Binding Affinity of Homologated Adenosine Analogues as A3 Adenosine Receptor Ligands.
Authors: Lee Hyuk Woo , Choi Won Jun , Jacobson Kenneth A. , Jeong Lak Shin 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe synthesis of the adenosine analogues (V) proceeds via Co2(CO)8‐catalyzed siloxymethylation as the key step.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Some Properties of 4′‐Phenyl‐5′‐norcarbocyclic Adenosine Phosphonic Acid Analogues.
Authors: Liu Lian Jin , Kim Eunae , Hong Joon Hee 
Published: September 2011

AbstractFor the synthesis of the title analogues, e.g. (IV), compound (III) is the key intermediate.
The Role of Amine Surface Density in Carbon Dioxide Adsorption on Functionalized Mixed Oxide Surfaces
Authors: Young Pria D. , Notestein Justin M. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractSupported amines are considered as adsorbents to replace aqueous amines for carbon capture and for CO2 capture/conversion into chemicals. Here, amines are grafted to SiO2 or TiSiO2 by using aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES) or (3‐triethoxysilylpropyl)‐tert‐butylcarbamate (TESPtBC) and then removing the carbamate group introduced by the latter by mild heating to ‘deprotect’ the amine. Structures are verified by using 13C cross polarization magic angle spinning (CP/MAS) NMR spectroscopy, acid titration, thermogravimetric analysis, and elemental analysis. Diffuse reflectance UV/Visible spectroscopy shows that amines from APTES coordinate directly to Ti cations, whereas Ti cations remain coordinatively unsaturated after grafting of TESPtBC and deprotection. CO2 chemisorption is studied as a function of amine precursor, average surface density, and the presence of Ti. CO2 uptake increases from <0.02 CO2 per amine for as‐synthesized TESPtBC materials to only approximately 0.05 CO2 per amine for the isolated amines present after deprotection. In contrast, clustered amines from APTES chemisorb up to approximately 0.35 CO2 per amine. Cooperative ammonium carbamates form preferentially above an apparent local density of 0.6 amines per nm2 from APTES, but do not form even up to 0.9 amines per nm2 for TESPtBC‐derived materials. This suggests that the true local surface density form APTES is underestimated by as much as 150 %. CO2 uptake falls to <0.01 CO2 per amine for ATPES on TiSiO2, but uptake is less affected for the ‘protected’ TESPtBC precursor. These results show that TESPtBC may be a viable precursor for applications in acid–base cooperative CO2 conversion catalysts, and that variation in the local amine surface density and the chemistry of the underlying support may account for some of the large variability in reported CO2 capacities of supported amine materials in literature.
A low complexity selected mapping scheme for peak to average power ratio reduction with digital predistortion in OFDM systems
Authors: Mohammady S. , Sidek R. M. , Varahram P. , Hamidon M. N. , Sulaiman N. 
Published: September 2011

SUMMARYOne of the effective methods used for reducing peak‐to‐average power ratio (PAPR) in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems is selected mapping (SLM). In this paper, a new SLM scheme called DSI‐SLM, which is a combination of dummy sequence insertion (DSI) and conventional selected mapping (C‐SLM) is proposed. Previous techniques have had some drawbacks. In DSI, increasing the number of dummy sequences to have better PAPR degrades transmission efficiency, and in C‐SLM, the complexity rises dramatically when the number of sub‐blocks increases. The proposed DSI‐SLM scheme significantly reduces the complexity because of the reduction in the number of sub‐blocks compared with the C‐SLM technique while its PAPR performance is even better. To enhance the efficiency of the OFDM system and suppress the out‐of‐band distortion from the power amplifier nonlinearity, a digital predistortion technique is applied to the DSI‐SLM scheme. Simulations are carried out with the actual power amplifier model and the OFDM signal based on the worldwide interoperability for microwave access standard and quadrature phase‐shift keying modulation. The simulation results show improvement in PAPR reduction and complexity, whereas the BER performance is slightly worse. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Contactless Conductivity Detection of 14 Inorganic Cations in Mineral and Phytotherapeutic Formulations after Capillary Electrophoretic Separation
Authors: de Carvalho Leandro M. , Raabe Alice , Martini Mariele , Sant'anna Carla S. , da Silveira Géssica D. , do Nascimento Paulo C. , Bohrer Denise 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThis work describes the separation and determination of 14 inorganic cations (NH4+, K+, Ca2+, Na+, Mg2+, Mn2+, Tl3+, Cr3+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Co2+, and Ni2+) as nutrients and contaminants in mineral and phytotherapeutic samples. The separated species were detected by capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (C4D) using working electrolytes based on 30 mmol L−1 2‐N‐morpholinoethanesulfonic acid (MES)/histidine, 1.5 mmol L−1 18‐crown‐6 ether, and 1 mmol L−1 citric acid (pH 6.0) as complexing additives for co‐migrating cations. The methodology was evaluated and validated for the cations and it was found to be reliable for determining inorganic cations in samples of mineral fertilizers and medicinal plants used in the phytotherapy.
Insight into Amyloid Formation Using Congo Red as the Electrochemical Probe
Authors: Veloso Anthony J. , Chan Tiffiny , Wing Sze Hung Vinci , Lam Leayen , Kerman Kagan 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe amyloid‐β (Aβ) aggregation pathway is an important target for the discovery of drugs that can prevent or delay the onset of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The electrochemistry of Congo Red (CR) represents a particularly promising tool for screening of Aβ‐binding therapeutics in a rapid and cost‐effective format. The results of the differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) measurements were confirmed using simultaneous UV‐vis analysis of the same incubated Aβ samples. The early changes in the electrochemical signals were attributed to the interaction of the Aβ oligomers with CR. The electrochemical approach, in principle, allowed monitoring small molecule‐Aβ interactions on the time scale of aggregation.
Terpenoids isolated from Tunisian Nigella sativa L. essential oil with antioxidant activity and the ability to inhibit nitric oxide production
Authors: Bourgou Soumaya , Pichette André , Lavoie Serge , Marzouk Brahim , Legault Jean 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTFractionation of the essential oil from the seeds of Nigella sativa (Ranunculaceae) led to the isolation of four terpenoids: trans‐ (1), cis‐sabinene hydrate methyl ether (2), 1,2‐epoxy‐menth‐4‐ene (3) and 1,2‐epoxy‐menth‐4(8)‐ene (4). Structure elucidation was performed using NMR (1D and 2D NMR) experiments and mass spectral data. Compounds 3 and 4 are reported for the first time as natural products. Bioactivities of the compounds were assessed. The four compounds exhibit antioxidant activity in vitro, as assessed by the oxygen radical absorbance capacity test. Moreover, compounds 1, 2 and 4 displayed strong ability to inhibit oxidative stress in human skin WS‐1 fibroblasts cells, with IC50 values of 0.32, 0.005 and 0.43 µ m, respectively. In addition, the four tested compounds significantly inhibited nitric oxide release by lipopolysaccharide‐activated RAW 264.7 macrophages. The results show that the most effective compound was cis‐sabinene hydrate methyl ether (2). In addition, the cis‐configurated compound (2) exerted stronger activities in comparison with the trans‐configurated compound (1), suggesting geometric stereoselectivity for the biological activities. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Identification of key aroma compounds from bitter orange (Citrus aurantium L.) products: essential oil and macerate–distillate extract
Authors: Deterre Sophie , Rega Barbara , Delarue Julien , Decloux Martine , Lebrun Marc , Giampaoli Pierre 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTThe volatile compounds of bitter orange (Citrus aurantium L.) products, essential oil (EO) and the heart cut (HC) of the distillate were detected and quantified using gas chromatography (GC) coupled with a mass spectrometer and flame ionization detector. The flavour compounds were characterized using GC–olfactometry by nine trained panellists by the frequency of detection method. In total, 53 molecules were detected in the EO and 40 in the HC. The EO was characterized by 19 major odour compounds (frequency of detection from 6/9 to 9/9) with different aromatic notes among which α‐pinene (floral), octanal (green), limonene (citrus), linalool (floral), α‐terpineol (indeterminate: ‘ND’, green), linalyl acetate (floral), (E,E) or (E,Z)‐2,4‐decadienal (frying), dodecanal (ND), caryophyllene (green) and an unknown compound (IT = 1678, plastic note). The HC presented a complex mixture of several molecules in low concentrations, which characterize the bitter orange flavour. The HC was characterized by seven high FD odour compounds, three of them (myrcene, α‐phellandrene, and limonene) with citrus and mint aromatic notes, and the other four ((Z)‐linalool oxide, α‐terpinolene, linalool and neral) with floral notes. The comparison of these two products brought to light that the overall process of maceration/distillation could induce the loss of 15 strong odours previously found in simple essential oil and characterized by plastic and metal notes. These results show that macerating–distilling bitter orange peels and EO makes it possible to select the most pleasant odour compounds while eliminating some off‐odours present in the EO. This is the first time that the characterization of odour‐active compounds has been carried out on bitter orange products. This valuable information could help for further investigation on process/product optimization. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cognitive and behavioural predictors of survival in Alzheimer disease: results from a sample of treated patients in a tertiary‐referral memory clinic
Authors: Russ Tom C. , Batty G. David , Starr John M. 
Published: September 2011

ObjectiveThis study examined the influence of cognitive and non‐cognitive factors at the time of diagnosis on the survival of patients with treated probable Alzheimer Disease (AD).MethodsConsecutive patients seen at a regional, tertiary‐referral clinic completed a battery of cognitive tests and assessments of activities of daily living and neuropsychiatric symptoms. These clinic data were linked with death certificate data for all individuals and survival from diagnosis was calculated. Cox regression models were constructed using the baseline covariates.ResultsThe sample comprised 653 patients (459 women), mean age 77.1 years (SD 7.6, range 48–94 years), diagnosed with probable AD and treated with a cholinesterase inhibitor. In the survival analysis, age was a consistently significant predictor of survival with a gender‐adjusted hazard ratio of 1.35 (95% CI 1.23, 1.48) for one standard deviation increase in age. Men were at greater risk of death than women (age‐adjusted HR 1.44, 95% CI 1.19, 1.73). In a model adjusted for all study variables, Paired‐Associate Learning (Cambridge Automated Neuropsychological Test Assessment Battery) and the psychotic factor of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory were significant predictors of survival.ConclusionsAt diagnosis, in addition to the anticipated impact of age and gender, the presence of psychotic symptoms and poor performance on paired‐associate learning are also indicators of poor prognosis. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Linking soil thickness and plot‐scale hydrological processes on the sloping lands in the Three Gorges Area of China: a hydropedological approach
Authors: Fu Zhiyong , Li Zhaoxia , Cai Chongfa , Zhao Ying , Shi Zhihua , Xu Qinxue , Wang Xiaoyan 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe emerging interdisciplinary field of hydropedology promotes synergistic integration of pedology and hydrology to enhance the holistic study of soil–water interactions across space and time. Our study illustrated this integration, exemplifying from plot‐scale hydrological processes investigations on the sloping lands with different soil thickness in the Three Gorges Area of China. Our aims were to deal with (i) the watershed scale soil thickness survey, soil profiles description and hydrological processes inferential analysis for the plots with typical soil thickness from the pedological perspective, and (ii) the identification of dominant hydrological processes of these plots based on hydrological monitoring under simulated rainfall (designed as 60 mm h−1) from the hydrological perspective. The main results can be summarised as follows: (i) soil thickness of the sloping lands exhibited a wide range of variability along hillslopes. Thin soils reflected weaker pedogenesis degrees and less intense human intervention as compared with thick soils. (ii) Deep percolation and subsurface flow were the dominant processes in thin soils, whereas in thick soils, surface flow, deep percolation and storage were the dominant processes. (iii) Regarding to the surface flow, the 23‐cm plot was mainly in the form of saturated overland flow, whereas the other plots were Horton overland flow. As to the subsurface flow, both 23‐ and 31‐cm plots mainly took the form of preferential flow, the 59‐ and 76‐cm plots mainly in the form of matrix flow regardless of soil horizon and the 45‐cm plot displayed mainly the matrix flow in the A horizon and mainly the preferential flow in the AC horizon. Our study suggested that, relative to its parent disciplines of both pedology and hydrology, hydropedology improved synergies between pedology and hydrology in the plot‐scale hydrological processes investigations. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Towards improved snow water equivalent retrieval algorithms for satellite passive microwave data over the mountainous basins of western USA
Authors: Mizukami Naoki , Perica Sanja 
Published: September 2011

AbstractSpace‐borne passive microwave snow water equivalent (SWE) retrieval algorithms are attractive for continuous SWE monitoring over large mountainous areas. The performance of three SWE retrieval algorithms, which were considered relevant for operational purposes, was examined for each month over the Colorado River Basin. In addition, statistical post‐processing was tested as a means of improving the SWE estimates from each algorithm. The evaluation started with the so‐called Chang equation, which was a pioneer algorithm and is still used in practice. Successive attempts were then made to improve the algorithm's performance through the calibration of the equation's coefficient and through the inclusion of brightness temperature data from various frequency channels. The Chang equation consistently underestimated SWE with average bias between 30 mm in November and more than 300 mm in April and root mean square error (RMSE) exceeding 500 mm at many locations in April. The statistical post‐processing effectively removed the bias and reduced the RMSE by half for all the months. When the Chang equation's coefficients were calibrated at each site, biases were reduced by approximately 85%, and RMSE was reduced by 40%–50%. Finally, the multiple channel equations produced unbiased SWE estimates with RMSEs 50%–60% of those from the Chang equation. However, the statistical post‐processing did not reduce RMSE for both calibrated algorithms. The last algorithm produced the most reliable estimates for at‐site analysis, but its skill deteriorated when analyses were performed over larger areal extents; therefore, it is only recommended for SWE monitoring over smaller areas. For larger areas, the calibrated Chang equation is desirable because it only requires interpolations of a calibrated coefficient, which was spatially coherent. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Boundary depletion rate and drawdown in leaky wedge‐shaped aquifers
Authors: Sedghi Mohammad Mahdi , Samani Nozar , Sleep Brent 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThis study presents analytical solutions of the three‐dimensional groundwater flow to a well in leaky confined and leaky water table wedge‐shaped aquifers. Leaky wedge‐shaped aquifers with and without storage in the aquitard are considered, and both transient and steady‐state drawdown solutions are derived. Unlike the previous solutions of the wedge‐shaped aquifers, the leakages from aquitard are considered in these solutions and unlike similar previous work for leaky aquifers, leakage from aquitards and from the water table are treated as the lower and upper boundary conditions. A special form of finite Fourier transforms is used to transform the z‐coordinate in deriving the solutions. The leakage induced by a partially penetrating pumping well in a wedge‐shaped aquifer depends on aquitard hydraulic parameters, the wedge‐shaped aquifer parameters, as well as the pumping well parameters. We calculate lateral boundary dimensionless flux at a representative line and investigate its sensitivity to the aquitard hydraulic parameters. We also investigate the effects of wedge angle, partial penetration, screen location and piezometer location on the steady‐state dimensionless drawdown for different leakage parameters. Results of our study are presented in the form of dimensionless flux‐dimensionless time and dimensionless drawdown‐leakage parameter type curves. The results are useful for evaluating the relative role of lateral wedge boundaries and leakage source on flow in wedge‐shaped aquifers. This is very useful for water management problems and for assessing groundwater pollution. The presented analytical solutions can also be used in parameter identification and in calculating stream depletion rate and volume. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analyzing proteasomal subunit expression reveals Rpt4 as a prognostic marker in stage II colorectal cancer
Authors: McCawley Niamh , Conlon Susan , Hector Suzanne , Cummins Robert J. , Dicker Patrick , Johnston Patrick G. , Kay Elaine W. , McNamara Deborah A. , Prehn Jochen H.M. , Concannon Caoimhín G. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractColorectal cancer is a leading cause of cancer‐related deaths worldwide. Early diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer is the key to improving survival rates and as such a need exists to identify patients who may benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy. The dysregulation of the ubiquitin‐proteasome system (UPS) has been implicated in oncogenesis and cancer cell survival, and proteasome inhibitors are in clinical use for a number of malignancies including multiple myeloma. In our study, we examined the protein expression of several key components of the UPS in colorectal cancer using immunohistochemistry to determine expression levels of ubiquitinylated proteins and the proteasomal subunits, 20S core and Rpt4 in a cohort of 228 patients with colon cancer. Multivariate Cox analysis revealed that neither the intensity of either ubiquitinylated proteins or the 20S core was predictive in either Stage II or III colon cancer for disease free survival or overall survival. In contrast, in Stage II patients increased Rpt4 staining was significantly associated with disease free survival (Cox proportional hazard ratio 0.605; p = 0.0217). Our data suggest that Rpt4 is an independent prognostic variable for Stage II colorectal cancer and may aid in the decision of which patients undergo adjuvant chemotherapy.
Prevalence of human papillomavirus in women with invasive cervical carcinoma by HIV status in Kenya and South Africa
Authors: Vuyst Hugo De , Ndirangu Gathari , Moodley Manivasan , Tenet Vanessa , Estambale Benson , Meijer Chris J.L.M. , Snijders Peter J.F. , Clifford Gary , Franceschi Silvia 
Published: September 2011

AbstractData on the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) types in cervical carcinoma in women with HIV are scarce but are essential to elucidate the influence of immunity on the carcinogenicity of different HPV types, and the potential impact of prophylactic HPV vaccines in populations with high HIV prevalence. We conducted a multicentre case–case study in Kenya and South Africa. During 2007–2009, frozen tissue biopsies from women with cervical carcinoma were tested for HPV DNA using GP5+/6+‐PCR assay. One hundred and six HIV‐positive (mean age 40.8 years) and 129 HIV‐negative women (mean age 45.7) with squamous cell carcinoma were included. Among HIV‐positive women, the mean CD4 count was 334 cells/μL and 48.1% were on combined antiretroviral therapy. HIV‐positive women had many more multiple HPV infections (21.6% of HPV‐positive carcinomas) compared with HIV‐negative women (3.3%) (p < 0.001) and the proportion of multiple infections was inversely related to CD4 level. An excess of HPV18 of borderline statistical significance was found in HIV‐positive compared with HIV‐negative cases (Prevalence ratio (PR) = 1.9, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.0–3.7, adjusted for study centre, age and multiplicity of infection). HPV16 and/or 18 prevalence combined, however, was similar in HIV‐positive (66.7%) and HIV‐negative cases (69.1%) (PR = 1.0, 95% CI: 0.9–1.2). No significant difference was found for other HPV types. Our data suggest that current prophylactic HPV vaccines against HPV16 and 18 may prevent similar proportions of cervical SCC in HIV‐positive as in HIV‐negative women provided that vaccine‐related protection is sustained after HIV infection.