bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arabidopsis CaLB1 undergoes phase separation with the ESCRT protein ALIX and modulates autophagosome maturation
Authors: Mosesso Niccolò , Lerner Niharika Savant , Bläske Tobias , Groh Felix , Maguire Shane , Niedermeier Marie Laura , Landwehr Eliane , Vogel Karin , Meergans Konstanze , Nagel Marie-Kristin , Drescher Malte , Stengel Florian , Hauser Karin , Isono Erika 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAutophagy is relevant for diverse processes in eukaryotic cells, making its regulation of fundamental importance. The formation and maturation of autophagosomes require a complex choreography of numerous factors. The endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) is implicated in the final step of autophagosomal maturation by sealing of the phagophore membrane. ESCRT-III components were shown to mediate membrane scission by forming filaments that interact with cellular membranes. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the recruitment of ESCRTs to non-endosomal membranes remain largely unknown. Here we focus on the ESCRT-associated protein ALG2-interacting protein X (ALIX) and identify Ca2+-dependent lipid binding protein 1 (CaLB1) as its interactor. Our findings demonstrate that CaLB1 interacts with AUTOPHAGY8 (ATG8) and PI(3)P, a phospholipid found in autophagosomal membranes. Moreover, CaLB1 and ALIX localize with ATG8 on autophagosomes upon salt treatment and assemble together into condensates. The depletion of CaLB1 impacts the maturation of salt-induced autophagosomes and leads to reduced delivery of autophagosomes to the vacuole. Here, we propose a crucial role of CaLB1 in augmenting phase separation of ALIX, facilitating the recruitment of ESCRT-III to the site of phagophore closure thereby ensuring efficient maturation of autophagosomes.
Structural basis for IL-33 recognition and its antagonism by the helminth effector protein HpARI2
Authors: Jamwal Abhishek , Colomb Florent , McSorley Henry J. , Higgins Matthew K. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIL-33 plays a significant role in inflammation, allergy, and host defence against parasitic helminths. The model gastrointestinal nematode Heligmosomoides polygyrus bakeri secretes the Alarmin Release Inhibitor HpARI2, an effector protein that suppresses protective immune responses and asthma in its host by inhibiting IL-33 signalling. Here we reveal the structure of HpARI2 bound to mouse IL-33. HpARI2 contains three CCP-like domains, and we show that it contacts IL-33 primarily through the second and third of these. A large loop which emerges from CCP3 directly contacts IL-33 and structural comparison shows that this overlaps with the binding site on IL-33 for its receptor, ST2, preventing formation of a signalling complex. Truncations of HpARI2 which lack the large loop from CCP3 are not able to block IL-33-mediated signalling in a cell-based assay and in an in vivo female mouse model of asthma. This shows that direct competition between HpARI2 and ST2 is responsible for suppression of IL-33-dependent responses.
Photoelectrochemical Fe/Ni cocatalyzed C−C functionalization of alcohols
Authors: Zou Long , Sun Rui , Tao Yongsheng , Wang Xiaofan , Zheng Xinyue , Lu Qingquan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe simultaneous activation of reactants on the anode and cathode via paired electrocatalysis has not been extensively demonstrated. This report presents a paired oxidative and reductive catalysis based on earth-abundant iron/nickel cocatalyzed C–C functionalization of ubiquitous alcohols. A variety of alcohols (i.e., primary, secondary, tertiary, or unstrained cyclic alcohols) can be activated at very low oxidation potential of (~0.30 V vs. Ag/AgCl) via photoelectrocatalysis coupled with versatile electrophiles. This reactivity yields a wide range of structurally diverse molecules with broad functional group compatibility (more than 50 examples).
DNA replication in early mammalian embryos is patterned, predisposing lamina-associated regions to fragility
Authors: Xu Shuangyi , Wang Ning , Zuccaro Michael V. , Gerhardt Jeannine , Iyyappan Rajan , Scatolin Giovanna Nascimento , Jiang Zongliang , Baslan Timour , Koren Amnon , Egli Dieter 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDNA replication in differentiated cells follows a defined program, but when and how it is established during mammalian development is not known. Here we show using single-cell sequencing, that late replicating regions are established in association with the B compartment and the nuclear lamina from the first cell cycle after fertilization on both maternal and paternal genomes. Late replicating regions contain a relative paucity of active origins and few but long genes and low G/C content. In both bovine and mouse embryos, replication timing patterns are established prior to embryonic genome activation. Chromosome breaks, which form spontaneously in bovine embryos at sites concordant with human embryos, preferentially locate to late replicating regions. In mice, late replicating regions show enhanced fragility due to a sparsity of dormant origins that can be activated under conditions of replication stress. This pattern predisposes regions with long neuronal genes to fragility and genetic change prior to separation of soma and germ cell lineages. Our studies show that the segregation of early and late replicating regions is among the first layers of genome organization established after fertilization.
Dynamic stereomutation of vinylcyclopropanes with metalloradicals
Authors: Mendel Marvin , Karl Teresa M. , Hamm Jegor , Kaldas Sherif J. , Sperger Theresa , Mondal Bhaskar , Schoenebeck Franziska 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe ever increasing demands for greater sustainability and lower energy usage in chemical processes call for fundamentally new approaches and reactivity principles. In this context, the pronounced prevalence of odd-oxidation states in less precious metals bears untapped potential for fundamentally distinct reactivity modes via metalloradical catalysis1–3. Contrary to the well-established reactivity paradigm that organic free radicals, upon addition to a vinylcyclopropane, lead to rapid ring opening under strain release—a transformation that serves widely as a mechanistic probe (radical clock)4 for the intermediacy of radicals5—we herein show that a metal-based radical, that is, a Ni(I) metalloradical, triggers reversible cis/trans isomerization instead of opening. The isomerization proceeds under chiral inversion and, depending on the substitution pattern, occurs at room temperature in less than 5 min, requiring solely the addition of the non-precious catalyst. Our combined computational and experimental mechanistic studies support metalloradical catalysis as origin of this profound reactivity, rationalize the observed stereoinversion and reveal key reactivity features of the process, including its reversibility. These insights enabled the iterative thermodynamic enrichment of enantiopure cis/trans mixtures towards a single diastereomer through multiple Ni(I) catalysis rounds and also extensions to divinylcyclopropanes, which constitute strategic motifs in natural product- and total syntheses6. While the trans-isomer usually requires heating at approximately 200 °C to trigger thermal isomerization under racemization to cis-divinylcyclopropane, which then undergoes facile Cope-type rearrangement, the analogous contra-thermodynamic process is herein shown to proceed under Ni(I) metalloradical catalysis under mild conditions without any loss of stereochemical integrity, enabling a mild and stereochemically pure access to seven-membered rings, fused ring systems and spirocycles.
Computational design of soluble and functional membrane protein analogues
Authors: Goverde Casper A. , Pacesa Martin , Goldbach Nicolas , Dornfeld Lars J. , Balbi Petra E. M. , Georgeon Sandrine , Rosset Stéphane , Kapoor Srajan , Choudhury Jagrity , Dauparas Justas , Schellhaas Christian , Kozlov Simon , Baker David , Ovchinnikov Sergey , Vecchio Alex J. , Correia Bruno E. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDe novo design of complex protein folds using solely computational means remains a substantial challenge1. Here we use a robust deep learning pipeline to design complex folds and soluble analogues of integral membrane proteins. Unique membrane topologies, such as those from G-protein-coupled receptors2, are not found in the soluble proteome, and we demonstrate that their structural features can be recapitulated in solution. Biophysical analyses demonstrate the high thermal stability of the designs, and experimental structures show remarkable design accuracy. The soluble analogues were functionalized with native structural motifs, as a proof of concept for bringing membrane protein functions to the soluble proteome, potentially enabling new approaches in drug discovery. In summary, we have designed complex protein topologies and enriched them with functionalities from membrane proteins, with high experimental success rates, leading to a de facto expansion of the functional soluble fold space.
Research on the influence of pits on the propagation law of explosion shock waves
Authors: Fei Shang , Liangquan Wang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTo study the influence of pits on shock wave propagation and the propagation of shock waves within pits, numerical simulations were used to calculate the distribution of overpressure peak values at the bottom and rear of the pits at 5 depths and 5 explosion center distances. The results indicate that diffraction occurs when the explosion shock wave passes through the edge of the crater; The peak overpressure of the shock wave at the bottom of the pit exhibits a "spoon shaped" distribution, and the peak overpressure on the right side is significantly higher than that on the left side; There are two distinct boundary regions for the overpressure of the shock wave behind the crater due to the influence of the crater; The distance between the explosion centers has little effect on the distribution trend of the overpressure peak of the shock wave at the bottom and rear of the pit, mainly affecting the magnitude of the overpressure peak. The research results provide theoretical support for the analysis of the propagation law of explosion shock waves and guidance for the design of protective engineering structures, with significant engineering application value.
Sol–gel derived ceramic nanoparticles as an alternative material for microstrip patch antenna in WLAN applications
Authors: Didde Sekhar , Dubey R. S. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn the fast-evolving realm of communication technology, microstrip patch antennas (MPAs) are in high demand owing to their compact size, lightweight, inexpensive, ease of integration, and compatibility with modern electronic devices. This research focuses on the synthesis of ZnAl2O4Ca (ZAC) ceramic nanoparticles using an economical sol–gel method suitable for microstrip patch antenna applications. The structural analysis study of ZAC nanoparticles confirmed the polycrystalline nature with 8.1 nm of crystallite size whereas an investigation of functional groups showed the corresponding vibration modes. Morphological investigation revealed the spherical grains having their mean diameter of 12.32 nm. The dielectric property’s examination, revealed the dielectric permittivity of 13, loss tangent of 0.02, and conductivity of 67 μΩ−1 cm−1. Furthermore, a prototype patch antenna fabricated using ZAC ceramics demonstrated a dual-band performance at frequencies 2.8 GHz and 4.8 GHz, with return losses of − 25.78 dB and − 28.5 dB, respectively. This work suggests the suitability of ZAC ceramic nanoparticles for use in WLAN applications.
PLX038A, a long-acting SN-38, penetrates the blood-tumor-brain-barrier, accumulates and releases SN-38 in brain tumors to increase survival of tumor bearing mice
Authors: Jung Jinkyu , Schneider Eric L. , Zhang Wei , Song Hua , Zhang Meili , Chou William , Meher Niranjan , VanBrocklin Henry F. , Barcellos-Hoff Mary Helen , Ozawa Tomoko , Gilbert Mark R. , Santi Daniel V. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCentral nervous system tumors have resisted effective chemotherapy because most therapeutics do not penetrate the blood-tumor-brain-barrier. Nanomedicines between  ~ 10 and 100 nm accumulate in many solid tumors by the enhanced permeability and retention effect, but it is controversial whether the effect can be exploited for treatment of brain tumors. PLX038A is a long-acting prodrug of the topoisomerase 1 inhibitor SN-38. It is composed of a 15 nm 4-arm 40 kDa PEG tethered to four SN-38 moieties by linkers that slowly cleave to release the SN-38. The prodrug was remarkably effective at suppressing growth of intracranial breast cancer and glioblastoma (GBM), significantly increasing the life span of mice harboring them. We addressed the important issue of whether the prodrug releases SN-38 systemically and then penetrates the brain to exert anti-tumor effects, or whether it directly penetrates the blood-tumor-brain-barrier and releases the SN-38 cargo within the tumor. We argue that the amount of SN-38 formed systemically is insufficient to inhibit the tumors, and show by PET imaging that a close surrogate of the 40 kDa PEG carrier in PLX038A accumulates and is retained in the GBM. We conclude that the prodrug penetrates the blood-tumor-brain-barrier, accumulates in the tumor microenvironment and releases its SN-38 cargo from within. Based on our results, we pose the provocative question as to whether the 40 kDa nanomolecule PEG carrier might serve as a “Trojan horse” to carry other drugs past the blood-tumor-brain-barrier and release them into brain tumors.
Increased ERCP-related adverse event from premature urgent ERCP following symptom onset in acute biliary pancreatitis with cholangitis
Authors: Lee See Young , Park Sang Ho , Do Min Young , Lee Dong Ki , Jang Sung Ill , Cho Jae Hee 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAcute biliary pancreatitis (ABP) with cholangitis requires endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) within 24 h to resolve ductal obstruction. However, this recommendation is based on the timing of emergency room (ER) visits. We wanted to determine the optimal timing of ERCP for ABP based on the timing of symptom onset, not the timing of the ER visit. We retrospectively reviewed 162 patients with ABP with cholangitis who underwent urgent ERCP (within 24 h of ER admission). Area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) was analyzed to determine differences in complication rates according to time from symptom onset. A difference in ERCP-related adverse events (AEs) was identified, and Youden’s J statistic was used to determine a cutoff time from symptom onset (18 h). We compared mortality and complications based on this cutoff. Based on time to symptom onset, significantly higher rates of aspiration pneumonia (odds ratio [OR] 4.00, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.15–13.92, P = 0.021) and post-ERCP hypotension (OR 11.9, 95% CI 1.39–101.33, P = 0.005) were observed in the ≤ 18-h group than in the > 18-h group. The study found that patients who underwent ERCP within 18 h of symptom onset is associated with an increased risk of ERCP-related AEs.
Chemical Pedagogy
Authors: Taber Keith S 
Published: June 2024

How should chemistry be taught in schools, colleges, and universities? Chemical Pedagogy discusses teaching approaches and techniques, the reasoning behind them, and the evidence for their effectiveness.
The book surveys a wide range of different pedagogic strategies and tactics that have been recommended to better engage learners and provide more effective chemistry teaching. These accounts are supported by an initial introduction to some key ideas and debates about pedagogy - the science of teaching.
Chemical Pedagogy discusses how teaching innovations can be tested to inform research-based practice. Through this book, the author explores the challenges of carrying out valid experimental studies in education, and the impediments to generalising study results to diverse teaching and learning contexts. As a result, the author highlights both the need to read published studies critically and the value of teachers and lecturers testing out recommended innovations in their own classrooms.
Chemical Pedagogy introduces core principles – from research into human cognition and learning – to provide a theoretical perspective on how to best teach for engagement and understanding. An examination of some of the more contentious debates about pedagogy leads to the advice to seek ‘optimally guided instruction’ which balances the challenge offered to learners with the level of support provided. This provides a framework for discussing a wide range of teaching approaches and techniques that have been recommended to those teaching chemistry across educational levels, including both those intended to replace ‘teaching from the front’ and others that can be built into traditional lecture courses to enhance the learning experience.
Supramolecular polymerization of [6]helicene-based cyano-luminogens: on the overall efficiency of self-assembled circularly polarized emitters
Authors: López-Gandul Lucia , Rodríguez Rafael , Vanthuyne Nicolas , Crassous Jeanne , Sánchez Luis 
Published: June 2024

The supramolecular polymerization of the [6]helicene-based luminophores 1 and 2, showing a rich dichroic pattern, is reported. The inherent chirality of both the monomeric and aggregated species of 1 and 2 provides the systems with a remarkable overall CPL-efficiency.
Machine learning approach of multi‐RAT selection for travelling users in 5G NSA networks
Authors: Salau Nurudeen O. , Manzoor Sanaullah , Shakir Muhammad Z. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe rapid increment of mobile device usage and the corresponding huge data volume generated afterwards, necessitated the utilisation of the 5G network spectrum. This is deployed today in terrestrial communication in a non‐stand‐alone (NSA) architectural mode; where 5G networks are supported by 4G LTE networks. Hence, the current 5G implementation with the gargantuan number of mobile subscribers, poses challenges to the choice of network Radio Access Technology (RAT) selection between 4G and 5G networks, among available multiple base‐stations to mobile (travelling) users, with respect to their location, bandwidth requirement, and mobility style. Hence, to address the scenario presented above, the authors record live signal measurements of 4G and 5G networks by a travelling user, that transversed multiple 5G NSA base stations. RAT selection implementations were carried out with support vector machine (SVM), deep neural network (DNN), and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) algorithms to select an appropriate RAT between 4G and 5G RATs, for effective resource allocation for travelling users’ requirements. Evaluation of results with standard classification metrics shows XGBoost with overall outstanding accuracy performance at 99.64%.
Dentales Trauma und Kieferorthopädie – individualisierter Planung der
Torqueübertragung zur Einstellung von verlagerten Frontzähnen
Authors: Wiessner Johanna , Trautmann Johanna , Meyer-Marcotty Philipp 
Published: June 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Das dentale Trauma stellt weltweit eine der häufigsten
Verletzungen dar, wobei die Unfallzahlen mit Zahnverletzungen weiter ansteigen.
Während in der Prävention von dentalen Frontzahntraumata die Kieferorthopädie
schon eine klare evidenzbasierte und leitlinienkonforme Rolle spielt, wird sie
nach bereits stattgefundenen Zahnunfällen als Therapieoption noch häufig
unterschätzt.
Fallvorstellung Die 12-jährige Patientin stellte sich in der Poliklinik
für Kieferorthopädie sechs Wochen nach einem Sturz auf die Frontzähne mit einer
palatinalen Luxationsverletzung des Zahnes 11 unter Einbruch der bukkalen
Knochenlamelle vor. Diese wurde mittels einer individualisierten
Multi-Bracket-Apparatur unter Rehabilitation des Zahnbogens und der Okklusion
behandelt.
Schlussfolgerung Der Fall konnte unter Anwendung einer individualisierten
Biomechanik erfolgreich behandelt werden. Dies hebt hervor, dass die
Kieferorthopädie einen wesentlichen Baustein in der interdisziplinären
Behandlung nach dentalen Zahntraumata darstellen kann und stets in Erwägung
gezogen werden sollte.
Interdisziplinäre Therapie eines erwachsenen Patienten mit Klasse
II/2 und retralem Zwangsbiss
Authors: Hitti Mirette , Pölzl Magdalena , Erbe Christina 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungDie craniomandibuläre Dysfunktion ist die häufigste chronische Schmerzerkrankung
im Kiefer- Gesichtsbereich. Die Therapie erfordert einen interdisziplinären
Ansatz. Diese Fallvorstellung zeigt das Behandlungskonzept eines retralen
Zwangsbisses bei einer Klasse II/2 mit Herbst-, Teil-Multibracketapparatur und
Alignern.
Smaller Biceps Femoris Aponeurosis Size in Legs with a History of
Hamstring Strain Injury
Authors: Balshaw Thomas G. , McDermott Emmet J. , Massey Garry J , Hartley Chris , Kong Pui Wah , Maden-Wilkinson Tom , Folland Jonathan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBiceps femoris long head (BFLH) aponeurosis size was compared between
legs with and without prior hamstring strain injury (HSI) using two approaches:
within-group (injured vs. uninjured legs of previous unilateral HSI athletes)
and between-group (previously injured legs of HSI athletes vs. legs of No Prior
HSI athletes). MRI scans were performed on currently healthy, competitive male
athletes with Prior HSI history (n=23;≥1 verified BFLH injury;
including a sub-group with unilateral HSI history; most recent HSI 1.6±1.2 years
ago) and pair-matched athletes with No Prior HSI history (n=23).
Anonymized axial images were manually segmented to quantify BFLH
aponeurosis and muscle size. Prior unilateral HSI athletes’ BFLH
aponeurosis maximum width, aponeurosis area, and aponeurosis:muscle area ratio
were 14.0–19.6% smaller in previously injured vs. contralateral uninjured legs
(paired t-test, 0.008≤P≤0.044). BFLH aponeurosis maximum width and
area were also 9.4–16.5% smaller in previously injured legs (n=28) from
Prior HSI athletes vs. legs (n=46) of No Prior HSI athletes (unpaired
t-test, 0.001≤P≤0.044). BFLH aponeurosis size was smaller in legs
with prior HSI vs. those without prior HSI. These findings suggest
BFLH aponeurosis size, especially maximum width, could be a
potential cause or consequence of HSI, with prospective evidence needed to
support or refute these possibilities.
Exercise Improves Respiratory Function, Body Fluid and Nitric Oxide
in Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Neves Rodrigo Vanerson Passos , Corrêa Hugo Luca , Reis Andrea Lucena , Andrade Rosangela Vieira , Araújo Thais Branquinho , Santos Rafael Lavarini , Oliveira Fernanda Félix Santos , Moraes Araújo Guilherme Eduardo Barbosa , Marra André Victor Gulyas , Baracho Thaís Amaral , Martins Taynah Oliveira , Barbosa Jessica Mycaelle da Silva , Garcia Mariana Neiva , Miller Nicole Messenberg Guimarães , Deus Lysleine Alves , Rosa Thiago dos Santos 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEmerging evidence suggests that resistance training (RT) can mitigate respiratory
muscle weakness in hemodialysis (HD) patients. However, the underlying
mechanisms responsible for these beneficial effects remain unclear. The purpose
of this study was to assess the impact of periodized RT on respiratory muscle
strength and its relationship with handgrip strength (HGS), fat-free mass (FFM),
nitric oxide (NO), and interdialytic weight gain (IWG) in HD patients.
Thirty-three patients were randomly assigned to two groups: control (CTL; n=18)
and RT (n=15). The RT group did not perform any additional exercise training
specific to the respiratory tract. Maximal inspiratory (MIP) and expiratory
(MEP) pressures, peak expiratory flow (PEF), HGS, FFM, NO, and IWG were measured
before and after the intervention period. Participants in the RT group engaged
in a 24-week RT program, three times per week. RT resulted in significant
improvements in MIP, MEP, PEF, as well as enhancements in HGS, FFM, NO, and IWG
(p<0.05). Notably, inverse correlations were observed between MIP (r=−0.37,
p=0.03) and PEF (r=−0.4, p=0.02) with IWG. Thus, the amelioration of HGS and FFM
coincided with a reduction in respiratory muscle weakness among HD patients.
Decreased IWG and increased circulating NO are plausible mechanisms contributing
to these improvements.