bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fludarabine plus cyclophosphamide and rituximab in Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia
Authors: Tedeschi Alessandra , Benevolo Giulia , Varettoni Marzia , Battista Marta L. , Zinzani Pier L. , Visco Carlo , Meneghini Vittorio , Pioltelli Pietro , Sacchi Stefano , Ricci Francesca , Nichelatti Michele , Zaja Francesco , Lazzarino Mario , Vitolo Umbero , Morra Enrica 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:The combination of fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab (FCR) has produced promising results in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and other lymphoproliferative disorders. The authors report the final results from a multicenter, prospective study examining FCR in Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM).METHODS:Forty‐three patients with symptomatic WM that was untreated or pretreated with 1 line of chemotherapy received rituximab 375 mg/m2 intravenously on day 1 and fludarabine 25 mg/m2 and cyclophosphamide 250 mg/m2 intravenously on days 2 through 4. FCR was repeated every 28 days for up to 6 courses.RESULTS:The overall response rate was 79%, and the major response rate of 74.4%, including 11.6% complete remissions (CRs) and 20.9% very good partial remissions. An amelioration of the quality of responses was observed during follow‐up, leading to 18.6% of CRs. No differences in terms of responses were observed among previously treated or untreated patients. Among the clinical and laboratory features that were considered, only the β2‐microglobulin level had a significant impact in terms of achieving a major response. The major toxicity reported was grade 3/4 neutropenia, which occurred in 45% of courses and was the main reason for treatment discontinuation. After the end of treatment, 19 patients (44%) had long‐lasting episodes of neutropenia. Three patients developed myelodysplastic syndrome during follow‐up.CONCLUSIONS:The FCR regimen was capable of neutralizing adverse prognostic factors and proved to be active in patients with WM, leading to rapid disease control and good‐quality responses. Because myelosuppression was the main concern, further studies are warranted to optimize dosages and treatment duration. Cancer 2011;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Evaluation of chromosomal aberrations in patients with benign conditions and reactive changes in urinary cytology
Authors: Tapia Coya , Glatz Kathrina , Obermann Ellen C. , Grilli Bruno , Barascud Audrey , Herzog Michelle , Schönegg René , Savic Spasenija , Bubendorf Lukas 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is routinely used to help clarify atypical urinary cytology. However, to the authors' knowledge, little is known regarding the frequency of chromosomal aberrations in non‐neoplastic conditions that could potentially lead to false‐positive FISH results. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the frequency of chromosomal aberrations in benign cells of the urinary tract using the UroVysion FISH test.METHODS:The authors analyzed 77 Papanicolaou‐stained benign urine cytology specimens with reactive epithelial atypia using a FISH assay detecting the chromosomes 3, 7, and 17 and the gene locus 9p21. A positive test result was defined as an increased copy number of at least 2 chromosomes in ≥ 4 of 25 cells, or > 10 cells with a tetraploid or octaploid pattern, or homozygous or heterozygous deletion of 9p21 (≥ 12cells).RESULTS:FISH was positive in 27 of 77 bladder washings (35.1%) including 25 of 65 bladder washings (40.5%) and 2 of 15 voided urines (13.5%) from patients with irritative bladder (15 of 36 patients), a history of radiotherapy (7 of 12 patients), nonspecific cystitis (3 of 11 patients), hematuria (3 of 8 patients), and lithiasis (1 of 4 patients) . In 7 of 27 FISH‐positive urothelial specimens, the positivity was solely due a polyploid pattern (tetraploid/octaploid pattern) in > 10 of the cells.CONCLUSIONS:Chromosomal aberrations can occur in reactive urothelial cells, with a tetraploid pattern being the most common. Even an aneuploid pattern of FISH signals does not always prove malignancy because it rarely occurs in reactive urothelial cells. Correlation of FISH results with cytomorphology and patient history is crucial to avoid false‐positive diagnoses. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2011;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
A MapReduce‐supported network structure for data centers
Authors: Ding Zeliu , Guo Deke , Liu Xue , Luo Xueshan , Chen Guihai 
Published: July 2011

SUMMARYSeveral novel data center network structures have been proposed to improve the topological properties of data centers. A common characteristic of these structures is that they are designed for supporting general applications and services. Consequently, these structures do not match well with the specific requirements of some dedicated applications. In this paper, we propose a hyper‐fat‐tree network (HFN): a novel data center structure for MapReduce, a well‐known distributed data processing application. HFN possesses the advanced characteristics of BCube as well as fat‐tree structures and naturally supports MapReduce. We then address several challenging issues that face HFN in supporting MapReduce. Mathematical analysis and comprehensive evaluation show that HFN possesses excellent properties and is indeed a viable structure for MapReduce in practice. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Genomics and Genetics in the Biology of Adaptation to Exercise
Authors: Bouchard Claude , Rankinen Tuomo , Timmons James A. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThis article is devoted to the role of genetic variation and gene‐exercise interactions in the biology of adaptation to exercise. There is evidence from genetic epidemiology research that DNA sequence differences contribute to human variation in physical activity level, cardiorespiratory fitness in the untrained state, cardiovascular and metabolic response to acute exercise, and responsiveness to regular exercise. Methodological and technological advances have made it possible to undertake the molecular dissection of the genetic component of complex, multifactorial traits, such as those of interest to exercise biology, in terms of tissue expression profile, genes, and allelic variants. The evidence from animal models and human studies is considered. Data on candidate genes, genome‐wide linkage results, genome‐wide association findings, expression arrays, and combinations of these approaches are reviewed. Combining transcriptomic and genomic technologies has been shown to be more powerful as evidenced by the development of a recent molecular predictor of the ability to increaseo2max with exercise training. For exercise as a behavior and physiological fitness as a state to be major players in public health policies will require that the role of human individuality and the influence of DNA sequence differences be understood. Likewise, progress in the use of exercise in therapeutic medicine will depend to a large extent on our ability to identify the favorable responders for given physiological properties to a given exercise regimen. © 2011 American Physiological Society.Compr Physiol1:1603‐1648, 2011.
Integration of CO2 Capture and Mineral Carbonation by Using Recyclable Ammonium Salts
Authors: Wang Xiaolong , Maroto‐Valer M. Mercedes 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA new approach to capture and store CO2 by mineral carbonation using recyclable ammonium salts was studied. This process integrates CO2 capture with mineral carbonation by employing NH3, NH4HSO4, and NH4HCO3 in the capture, mineral dissolution, and carbonation steps, respectively. NH4HSO4 and NH3 can then be regenerated by thermal decomposition of (NH4)2SO4. The use of NH4HCO3 as the source of CO2 can avoid desorption and compression of CO2. The mass ratio of Mg/NH4HCO3/NH3 is the key factor controlling carbonation and the optimum ratio of 1:4:2 gives a conversion of Mg ions to hydromagnesite of 95.5 %. Thermogravimetric analysis studies indicated that the regeneration efficiency of NH4HSO4 and NH3 in this process is 95 %. The mass balance of the process shows that about 2.63 tonnes of serpentine, 0.12 tonnes of NH4HSO4, 7.48 tonnes of NH4HCO3, and 0.04 tonnes of NH3 are required to sequester 1 tonne of CO2 as hydromagnesite.
Human mesenchymal stromal cells express CD14 cross‐reactive epitopes
Authors: Pilz Gregor A. , Braun Julian , Ulrich Christine , Felka Tino , Warstat Katrin , Ruh Manuel , Schewe Bernhard , Abele Harald , Larbi Anis , Aicher Wilhelm K. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractMesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) do not express a unique definite epitope or marker gene. As such, minimal criteria were recently established for defining multipotent MSC. These criteria include expression of CD73, CD90, CD105, and a lack of hematopoietic marker expression. However, we detected binding of a CD14 antibody on bone marrow‐ and placenta‐derived MSC and investigated the staining of CD14 antibodies on these MSC in more detail. The MSC were isolated from human bone marrow and placenta tissue, expanded, characterized by quantitative RT‐PCR, flow cytometry, and immunocytochemistry and differentiated to generate osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and adipocytes. The CD14‐cross‐reactive MSCs were enriched by cell sorting. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, fibroblasts, and hematopoietic cell lines served as controls. Utilizing four different clones of CD14 monoclonal antibodies, we found that three CD14 reagents stained the MSC. Two CD14 antibodies (HCD14 and M5E2) clearly marked the CD90+ MSC population with distinct intensities, clone 134 620 generated a shift in flow cytometry histograms, but clone MΦP9 did not stain MSC. Transcripts encoding CD14 or the CD14 protein were not detected in MSC. We confirm that bone marrow‐ and placenta‐derived MSC do not express CD14 and that the CD14 antibody MΦP9 discriminates between monocytes and MSC more efficiently than the other antibodies employed here. This investigation does not contradict previous work but provides a more accurate characterization of MSC. © 2011 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Summary of ‘Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for autism spectrum disorders (ASD)’
Authors: Editorial Office Evidence‐Based Child Health 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThis is a summary of a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Williams K, Wheeler DM, Silove N, Hazell P. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2010, Issue 8. Art. No.: CD004677. DOI: 10.1002/14 651 858.CD004677.pub2. Copyright © 2011 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Commentary on ‘Nutritional support in children and young people with cancer undergoing chemotherapy’
Authors: Ladas E. J. , Rogers Paul 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThis is a commentary on a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Jones L, Watling RM, Wilkins S, Pizer B. Nutritional support in children and young people with cancer undergoing chemotherapy. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2010, Issue 7. Art. No.: CD003298. DOI: 10.1002/14 651 858.CD003298.pub2.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying Summary article. Copyright © 2011 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Chromium, Iron and Cobalt Carbonyl Complexes with Gallium Halides: Synthesis and Structures
Authors: Adamczyk Tobias , Li Guang‐Ming , Linti Gerald , Pritzkow Hans , Seifert Annekathrin , Zessin Thomas 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe reactions of gallium subhalides Ga2X4·2dioxane (X = Cl, Br) and “GaI” with carbonylmetallates of chromium, iron and cobalt result in the formation of various gallium halide complexes. These are [(CO)5CrGaBr(thf)2] (6), with a terminal GaX unit, and [(CO)4FeGaCl(thf)]2 (1), [(CO)4FeGaCl2Na(thf)2]x (2), [(CO)4FeGaI2Na(thf)3]2 (4) and [Cr2(CO)8(GaI2)INa2(thf)7]x (8) with GaX units in the bridging positions of gallium–transition‐metal rings. In addition, mixed cyclic gallium–iron hydroxides [{(CO)4Fe}2Ga4Cl5(OH)3(thf)] 3 and 4 and gallium oxo/hydroxo cages 5, 9 and 10 were observed. Rings of [{GaCo4(CO)14}K(thf)]6 (11), prepared from Ga4Cl4R4 [R = Si(SiMe3)3] and K[Co(CO)4], are connected through isocarbonyl–potassium interactions to form channels. All compounds were characterized spectroscopically and by X‐ray crystallography. DFT calculations were performed on cobalt–gallium complexes to evaluate their bonding properties.
Alternating Copolymers Based on 2,1,3‐Benzothiadiazole and Hexylthiophene: Positioning Effect of Hexyl Chains on the Photophysical and Electrochemical Properties
Authors: El‐Shehawy Ashraf A. , Abdo Nabiha I. , El‐Barbary Ahmed A. , Lee Jae‐Suk 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA series of donor–acceptor alternating π‐conjugated copolymers based on 2,1,3‐benzothiadiazole and hexylthiophene units has been synthesized by the palladium‐catalyzed Stille cross‐coupling method. Various precursory monomers possessing dibromo and bis(tributylstannyl) functionalities were readily prepared in high yields. Microwave‐assisted polymerization proved efficient for the production of high‐molecular‐weight copolymers, ranging from 13550 to 52490 g mol–1. All copolymers exhibited excellent solubilities in most common organic solvents. The thermal properties of these copolymers were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry, and the polymers showed high thermal stabilities. Incorporation of the benzothiadiazole unit into polyhexylthiophene chains affected the photophysical and electrochemical properties. The thin‐film absorption spectra of all polymers are significantly red‐shifted relative to the corresponding absorption bands in solution and exhibit broader absorption bands. The optical band gaps were estimated to be in the range of 2.02–1.74 eV. The highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy levels are in the ranges of –5.37 to –5.66 eV and –3.33 to –3.44 eV, respectively. In the X‐ray diffraction analysis of the deposited film of the copolymer P3, strong diffraction peaks were observed at 2θ = 5.72° (15.43 Å) and 23.12° (3.84 Å). These values relate to the distances between chains with interdigitated hexyl chains and to π–π stacking between the conjugated chains.
Developing high‐performance aluminum alloy buckling‐restrained braces based on series of low‐cycle fatigue tests
Authors: Usami Tsutomu , Wang Chun‐Lin , Funayama Jyunki 
Published: July 2011

SUMMARYIn order to enhance the durability of high‐performance buckling‐restrained braces (BRBs) used in bridge engineering, which are expected to withstand severe earthquakes three times without being replaced, aluminum alloys were employed to manufacture BRBs. A series of low‐cycle fatigue tests, including 18 specimens, were conducted to address the low‐cycle fatigue strength of the aluminum alloy BRB. Test results of all specimens show that stable hysteretic curves were obtained without overall buckling occurrence. Failure mode of the welded aluminum alloy BRB is obviously affected by the ribs' welding under the variable or constant strain amplitude condition. Therefore, another type of aluminum alloy BRB, the bolt‐assembled BRB with or without spot‐welded stoppers, is proposed and tested. Results showed that the low‐cycle fatigue performance of bolt‐assembled BRBs with stoppers improved four to five times compared with welded BRBs. However, the stoppers' spot welding has an adverse effect on the failure mode because the crack, which induced the specimen's failure, initiated from the spot weld toes of the stoppers. Both bolt‐assembled BRBs with and without stoppers can meet the cumulative inelastic deformation requirement proposed for high‐performance BRBs under the constant strain amplitude, not larger than 2%. In addition, under the variable strain amplitude condition, only the bolt‐assembled BRB without stoppers has an excellent cumulative inelastic deformation capacity and sustains two cycles of 2.5% strain amplitude. Finally, recommended Manson–Coffin equations and preliminary cumulative damage formulae for welded and bolt‐assembled BRBs are given as the references of the strain‐based damage evaluation. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A description of multiple family workshops for carers of people with anorexia nervosa
Authors: Treasure Janet , Whitaker Wendy , Todd Gill , Whitney Jenna 
Published: July 2011

AbstractCarers of people with eating disorders are uncertain about how best to help and express the need for information. Fifty per cent of carers (usually parents) exhibit clinically significant anxiety and/or depression. This may result from a difficulty coping with the manifestations of anorexia nervosa (AN) in the sufferer. In turn, eating disorder symptoms can be maintained by family reactions to the illness. Thus, carer's own symptoms, plus their uncertainty about how to help, impinge upon the AN sufferer, exacerbating their symptoms and behaviours. In this paper, we describe an intervention which uses cognitive behavioural therapy principles to alleviate carer's depression and anxiety and motivational interviewing to target behaviours that maintain eating disorder symptoms, for example high expressed emotion and poor communication. This is given in the form of an educational workshop for two families. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Evaluation of influence of sediment on the sensitivity of a unionid mussel (Lampsilis siliquoidea) to ammonia in 28-day water exposures
Authors: Wang Ning , Consbrock Rebecca A , Ingersoll Christopher G , Barnhart M. Christopher 
Published: July 2011

Abstract
A draft update of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ambient water quality criteria (AWQC) for ammonia substantially lowers the ammonia AWQC, primarily due to the inclusion of toxicity data for freshwater mussels. However, most of the mussel data used in the updated AWQC were generated from water-only exposures and limited information is available on the potential influence of the presence of a substrate on the response of mussels in laboratory toxicity tests. Our recent study demonstrated that the acute sensitivity of mussels to ammonia was not influenced by the presence of substrate in 4-d laboratory toxicity tests. The objective of the current study was to determine the sensitivity of mussels to ammonia in chronic 28-d water exposures with the sediment present (sediment treatment) or absent (water-only treatment). The chronic toxicity test was conducted starting with two-month-old juvenile mussels (fatmucket, Lampsilis siliquoidea) in a flow-through diluter system, which maintained consistent pH (≈8.3) and six concentrations of total ammonia nitrogen (N) in overlying water and in sediment pore water. The chronic value (ChV, geometric mean of the no-observed-effect concentration and the lowest-observed-effect concentration) was 0.36 mg N/L for survival or biomass in the water-only treatment, and was 0.66 mg N/L for survival and 0.20 mg N/L for biomass in the sediment treatment. The 20% effect concentration (EC20) for survival was 0.63 mg N/L in the water-only treatment and was 0.86 mg N/L in the sediment treatment (with overlapping 95% confidence intervals; no EC20 for biomass was estimated because the data did not meet the conditions for any logistic regression analysis). The similar ChVs or EC20s between the water-only treatment and the sediment treatment indicate that the presence of sediment did not substantially influence the sensitivity of juvenile mussels to ammonia in the 28-d chronic laboratory water exposures. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011;30:2270–2276. © 2011 SETAC
A randomized controlled trial of a Functioning Improvement Tool home‐visit program and its effect on cognitive function in older persons
Authors: Ukawa Shigekazu , Satoh Hiroki , Yuasa Motoyuki , Ikeno Tamiko , Kawabata Tomoko , Araki Atsuko , Yoshioka Eiji , Murata Waka , Ikoma Katsunori , Kishi Reiko 
Published: July 2011

ObjectiveThe aim was to determine whether mini mental state examination (MMSE) scores improved in older participants of a Functioning Improvement Tool (FIT) home‐visit program.MethodsTwo hundred fifty‐two participants aged 65 years or older living at home and receiving preventive services or a community long‐term care prevention project according to the Japanese social long‐term care insurance system were enrolled and randomly assigned to an intervention group (n = 128) or a control group (n = 124). Intervention group subjects received a 60‐min FIT home‐visit program for 3 months, which included guidance, assistance, and help in writing and teaching calculation in order to complete the FIT. Control subjects did not receive any home visits. Cognitive function was evaluated by MMSE. Analysis of covariance was used to examine the effects of the FIT adjusting for baseline MMSE scores, age, and sex.ResultsFifty‐three subjects were excluded because of withdrawal, hospitalization, death, relocation, or missing data of MMSE; 199 subjects (60 men, 139 women; age 78.6 ± 7.4 years) were analyzed. The baseline MMSE scores did not differ between the intervention and control groups (24.2 ± 4.3 vs. 24.1 ± 4.7, p = 0.90). After the study period, the change in the MMSE score was significantly better in the intervention group than in the control group (0.8 ± 0.3 vs. −0.1 ± 0.2, p = 0.04). Stratified analyses showed that the intervention strategy was most effective in subjects with mild cognitive decline, with baseline MMSE scores from 18 to 23 points (1.9 ± 0.5 vs. −0.1 ± 2.8, p = 0.04).ConclusionsOur FIT home‐visit program improved MMSE scores in older participants with mild cognitive decline. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Langerhans cell histiocytosis with central nervous system involvement—complete response to 2‐chlorodeoxyadenosine after failure of tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapies with sorafenib and imatinib
Authors: Baumann Michael , Cerny Thomas , Sommacal Andreas , Koeberle Dieter 
Published: July 2011

AbstractLangerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is rare in adults, and only a subset of these patients suffers from central nervous system (CNS) involvement. Hence, evidence‐based treatment recommendations are lacking. A case of a 20‐year‐old student with multisystem LCH and extensive CNS involvement is described, who showed a durable response to 2‐chlorodeoxyadenosine after prior therapies with the tyrosine kinase inhibitors sorafenib and imatinib. In accordance to the experiences provided by other case series, which are reviewed herein, 2‐chlorodeoxyadenosine can be considered an effective and safe option for adult LCH with CNS involvement. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On‐line calculation models of temperature and thermal stresses in a 2‐D axis‐symmetric object during heat treating
Authors: Zhang Heng Liang , Zhang Z. J. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThis paper presents the analytical calculation models of temperature and thermal stresses in a 2‐D axis‐symmetric object during heat treating. Complicated geometries can be taken into account using Green's function method. The models can deal with some nonlinear factors such as temperature‐dependent properties using perturbation method. One case has been given to compare the results calculated by the models deduced with those calculated by FEM (finite element method). It is shown that the models presented in this work have satisfactory accuracy. Another case shows an application of a water quenching process. Combining the presented mathematical models, real‐time controls of quenching and controlled cooling can be accomplished with greatly improved accuracy. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/htj). DOI 10.1002/htj.20359