bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract 702: Molecular responses to conductive interstitial thermal therapy of murine 4T1 breast carcinoma in surviving tumors, bone marrow and serum.
Authors: Przybyla Beata D. , Vishal Sagar 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Background: Ablation of solid tumor with a laser probe (CITT therapy) causes coagulative necrosis in central zone of tumor. The exposure to temperature gradient and immune responses to this treatment may affect homeostasis of surviving cells in surrounding area as well as induce systemic changes. The purpose of this study was 1/ to perform quantitative analyses of 29 transcripts of selected genes in tumor remaining after ablation and in bone marrow 2/ to evaluate changes in 16 cytokines in serum 3/ to compare levels of heat shock proteins in surviving tumors and in control tumors. Methods: Real-time RT-PCR and “delta delta” method was used to determine changes in transcripts in remaining tumors after treatment relative to control tumors. Cytokines in serum were tested using multiplex assay consisting of 16 murine cytokines. Expression of Hsp27 and Hsp70 proteins were determined with Western Blot. Results: 72 hours after thermal ablation of 4T1 tumors the following changes were found in tumor, in bone marrow and in serum of treated mice: 1/Out of 29 quantified transcripts, the level of four transcripts (Csf3 Lifr, Serpin1 and Vcam1) decreased significantly in remaining tumor. Majority of quantified transcripts had lower level in ablated than in control tumors. In bone marrow (BM) an opposite trend was observed. Levels of majority of quantified transcripts in BM increased after ablation as compared to control mice. The transcripts of genes: Cxcl12, Sele, Fgf2, Lifr, Mmp9, Timp3 were significantly higher in BM of mice after tumor ablation. 2/ Out of 16 chemokines tested, 4 chemokines (Il-5, Il-6, Ccl2 (MCP-1) and Ccl5 (RANTES) were detected in serum. There was a consistent increase of Il-5 in serum from ablated animals. 3/ Levels of Hsp27 and Hsp70 proteins were higher in remaining tumor as compared with control tumors. Conclusion The decrease of transcripts in remaining tumor of genes involved in adhesion, extracellular matrix degradation and tumor viability may inhibit re-growth of thermally ablated tumors. The increase of transcripts in bone marrow of treated mice indicates alteration of homeostasis of vascular niche and changes in function of mesenchymal stem cells. The increase of Hsp27 may inhibit apoptosis in remaining tumor. Up-regulation of Interleukin 5 suggests that this cytokine may play role in stimulation of anti-tumor immunity, as observed by other researchers. Further study is needed to determine whether the transcript reported here may be used as markers predicting long term effects of thermal ablation of solid tumors.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 702. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-702
Abstract 714: Survivin expression in patients with resected pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Authors: Khan Saad A. , Yang Donghua , Zhu Fang , Dubyk Cara , Tejani Mohamed , Cohen Steven J. , Hoffman John P. , Burtness Barbara A. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Introduction: Pancreatic cancer remains highly refractory to treatment and biomarkers of treatment responsiveness are urgently needed. Survivin is an inhibitor of apoptosis and one such potential marker. Undetectable in most normal differentiated and non-proliferating tissues, it is highly expressed in cancer. We measured pancreatic cancer survivin expression and examined its association with differential treatment response. Methods: We constructed 4 pancreatic cancer tissue microarrays with 1mm duplicate cores using tumor samples from 88 resected pancreatic cancer patients at our center. They were then followed with 60 patients receiving chemotherapy or radiation, both as adjuvant therapy and also for palliative treatment upon recurrence. We measured survivin expression using highly quantitative automated immunofluorescence via AQUA R(HistoRx, Branford CT). Scores were individually reported for the nuclear, cytoplasmic and total cellular compartments, and validated by the pathologist. Results: Median survivin AQUA scores were: nuclear 5838 (range 2126-13728), cytoplasm 4177 (2173-9914) and total 4543 (2120-10344). Survivin expression was significantly higher in nodal specimens compared to primary tumor in nucleus (p=0.02), cytoplasm (p=0.006) and in total (p=0.0095). Higher cytoplasmic survivin correlated with higher grade (p=0.03), and primary tumor location in head compared to body or tail (p=0.03). There was a trend toward higher nuclear survivin in younger (p=0.08) and female patients (p=0.08). Disease-free survival (DFS) was significantly longer in patients with high compared to low nuclear survivin (p=0.048), using median as the cut-off. This effect was greater for patients treated with gemcitabine (p=0.0481) than those treated with 5-FU (p=0.0698) or radiation therapy (p=0.094). Overall survival for all patients was not different in the higher than median group compared to lower group patients (p=0.300). There was a trend toward longer overall survival (OS) for patients whose tumors had high nuclear survivin in those treated with fluorouracil (p=0.0856), gemcitabine (p=0.0868) or radiation therapy (p=0.0862). Discussion: Survivin expression is higher in nodal metastases than primary resected pancreatic cancer tumors and is associated with particular clinical and pathologic characteristics. High nuclear survivin expression is associated with longer DFS in patients with resected pancreatic cancer. This effect is most pronounced in patients treated with gemcitabine. Further examination of survivin in a larger series of pancreatic cancers is warranted.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 714. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-714
Abstract 720: Identification of novel molecular markers for detecting lymph node metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Oka Ryota , Nakashiro Koh-ichi , Goda Hiroyuki , Tanaka Hiroshi , Hamakawa Hiroyuki 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Cervical lymph node metastasis is a potent prognostic factor in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Management of occult metastasis is an important issue for the surgeons. Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is highlighted for its role in deciding making of neck dissection. We have performed the SLNB for cN0 cases routinely and reported the clinical usefulness. Accurate diagnosis of the metastasis in sentinel lymph nodes is important but depends on a heavy workload of the pathologist. We carried out a clinical study to evaluate a novel automated assay system for cytokeratin 19 (CK19) mRNA, the one-step nucleic acid amplification (OSNA) method, to detect the lymph node metastasis of OSCC. The accuracy of OSNA assay was nearly 95%, but it could not detect occult metastasis in case of no or low expression of CK19 mRNA in the primary tumor. In this study, we attempted to identify novel molecular markers to find the harboring cancer cells in the lymph node. First, we determined the gene expression profiles in 7 metastatic lymph nodes from patients with OSCC, 1 benign lymph node, and 5 salivary gland tissues from non-cancerous patients by microarray analysis. We found the overexpression of 36 genes in all metastatic lymph nodes but not in benign lymph node and salivary glands. Subsequently, we examined the expression of these genes in newly 15 metastatic lymph nodes and 9 benign lymph nodes by real-time quantitative RT-PCR method. Among the 36 genes, the expression of annexin A8-like 2 (ANXA8L2) and desmoglein 3 (DSG3) was commonly detected in metastatic lymph nodes at much higher level but not in benign lymph nodes at all. Furthermore, we retrospectively evaluated the usefulness of these markers with the use of 330 lymph nodes that were histopathologically metastasis-positive in 62 and metastasis-negative in 268. The accuracy of each marker CK19, ANXA8L2 and DSG3 is all near 90%. However, the combination of these markers improved the sensitivity up to 96-100%. Expression of ANXA8L2 and DSG3 was also detected in approximately 3% of the histopathologically metastasis-negative lymph nodes. These results suggested that ANXA8L2 and DSG3 could be useful molecular markers and improve detection rate of occult metastasis.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 720. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-720
Abstract 722: Significance of p16 in site-specific HPV-positive and HPV-negative HNSCC
Authors: Stephen Josena K. , Divine George , Chen Kangmei , Chitale Dhananajay , Havard Shaleta , Worsham Maria J. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Expression of p16INK4A (p16+ve) is highly correlated with human papilloma virus (HPV) infection in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), however, p16-positivityis not limited to HPV-positive (HPV+ve) tumors and therefore, not a perfect surrogate for HPV. Also, p16+ve status has a strong relationship with survival and treatment outcomes in HNSCC, which is best documented for the oropharyngeal site (OP); non-OP sites such as the oral cavity (OC), larynx, and hypopharynx (HP) are understudied. The goal of this study was to evaluate p16 in the context of HPV and examine p16 survival outcomes in HPV+ve and HPV-negative (HPV-ve) site-specific HNSCC. The cohort of 80 primary HNSCC consisted of 10 HPV16+ve and 10 HPV16-ve cases each for four sites: OC, OP, larynx and HP. Expression of p16 was significantly different across sites (p&lt;0.001), being more frequent in OP (65%) than in non-OP sites (13%). The frequency of p16 expression was different (p=0.031) between Caucasian Americans (CA, 38%) and African Americans (AA, 16%) similar to HPV (CA 65% vs AA 37%, p=0.013). p16+ve patients had improved survival for all sites combined and for the OP subgroup (similar to HPV+ve cases). However, subgroups defined by both HPV and p16, indicate that patients with p16-negative (-ve)/HPV-ve status had the worst survival for all sites combined as well as for OP. Cohorts with larger representations of non-OP sites examining multiple molecular markers will be key to deciphering and dissecting out p16's role as a useful prognostic indicator when assessed in combination with HPV status
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 722. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-722
Abstract 727: Homozygosity for Arg of p53 codon 72 correlates with poor prognosis in Puerto Rican patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Rivera Bianca L. , Baez Adriana 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Objective: Genetic variations at codon 72 of p53 gene results in altered activities for p53 and are suggested as a potential cancer risk. However, epidemiologic findings have been inconsistent. The p53 gene has a polymorphic site at exon 4 codon 72, which, in an occurrence of a base substitution, can produce Proline or Arginine (Arg72Pro). This polymorphism is differentially dispersed among different ethnic populations. The objective of this study is to evaluate the association between p53 polymorphism and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in the Puerto Rican population. Methods: Genotyping of the p53 polymorphism at exon 4 codon 72 was performed using PCR-based restriction fragment polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in a study with 72 HNSCC patients. Correlations between clinicopathological parameters and p53 polymorphism were analyzed by Fisher's exact test and chi-square when suitable. Survival analysis of HNSCC patients, with each type of p53 genotype, was performed using Mantel-Cox test. Results: The frequencies for homozygote Arg allele were 34.7% in HNSCC cases and 31.1% in controls. The Pro allele carriers (Arg/Pro or Pro/Pro) had a frequency of 65.3% in HNSCC cases and 68.9% in healthy controls. The OR of HNSCC cancer-associated with the Arg-Arg genotypes of codon 72 was 1.18 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.53-2.61]. Survival analysis showed that HNSCC patients with the Arg/Arg allele had a poorer survival rate compared to patients with the Pro allele (Hazard Ratio = 2.40, 95% CI: 1.27-4.56, P=0.0074). Also, there were differences in survival based on patient's genotype and response to treatment. However, no statistically significant association was found between p53 polymorphic variants and gender, age, risk factors and staging. Conclusion: Our results suggest that homozygosity for Arg of p53 Arg72Pro may have a role in the progression of HNSCC in the Puerto Rican population. Detection of the p53 polymorphic variants may be used as an indicator of prognosis in HNSCC patients. Accurate prognosis in HNSCC will help clinicians to establish proper treatment and increase the survival of HNSCC patients.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 727. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-727
Abstract 728: CXCL12 (SDF-1) chemokine expression as a baseline factor associated with resistance to induction chemotherapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Halimi Caroline , Albert Sébastien , Tijeras-Raballand Annemilai , Astorgues-Xerri Lucile , Couvelard Anne , Hourseau Muriel , Riveiro Maria Eugenia , Serova Maria , Raymond Eric , Faivre Sandrine J. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Background. SDF-1, and its cognate receptor CXCR4, are recognized as major factors in tumor progression and metastasis. Recent data also suggest that chemokines may play a role in resistance to chemotherapy. In this study, we investigated the expression of SDF-1 and CXCR4 in initial tumor biopsies prior to treatment in patients treated by induction chemotherapy for organ preservation and correlated this expression with response to chemotherapy. Material and Methods. Patients with locally advanced pharyngo-laryngeal carcinomas, candidates for neoadjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy as part of an organ preservation program, were considered for this study. Objective response in organ preservation accounted for more than 50% reduction in tumor size on CT-scan or MRI. Tissue biopsies were scored for SDF-1, CXCR4, Vimentin and E-cadherin staining by immunohistochemistry. Staining was measured according to a specific scoring scale. Biopsies were all read by three different observers for scoring adjudication and quantification was performed using the Histolab Software (Microvision). Results. Among the 42 patients who entered in this study, 23 had primary site in the hypopharynx and 19 in the larynx. Twenty-two patients experienced objective response and 20 patients were non-responders to induction chemotherapy. SDF-1 staining score was higher in cancer cells than that in normal epithelial cells located in the close vicinity of the tumor. SDF-1 staining was predominantly located in the cytoplasm of cancer cells. The level of SDF-1 expression was significantly higher in tumors from non-responders compared to responders (score: 155 vs 110, p=0.01). CXCR4 expression was similar between responders and non-responders, and predominantly located in the cytoplasm and the nucleus of cancer cells. Vimentin and E-cadherin were evaluated as potential differentiation markers. Few tumor cells expressed Vimentin in our biopsies. Interestingly lower E-cadherin expression was observed in non-responders compared to responders (score: 110 vs 170, p=0.01) suggesting that loss in epithelial differentiation may facilitate resistance to chemotherapy in this population. Conclusion. High expression levels of SDF-1 cytokine and the loss of E-cadherin as a marker of epithelial differentiation in cancer cells were shown to correlate with the lack of response to induction chemotherapy in hypopharyngeal and laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 728. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-728
Abstract 733: Clinicopathological significance of CXCL12/CXCR4 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Uchi Yusuke , Takeuchi Hiroya , Matsuda Sachiko , Kawakubo Hirofumi , Nakamura Rieko , Takahashi Tsunehiro , Wada Norihito , Saikawa Yoshiro , Ohmori Tai , Kitagawa Yuko 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Background: Chemokines are known to be small weight cytokines which regulate variety of immune responses. It is also known that they and their receptors express in several cancers and correlate to progression of primary and metastatic cancer. The chemokine CXCL12 and its receptor CXCR4 especially have been reported to play prominent role in proliferation, metastasis, and prognosis of several cancers, including breast, ovarian, kidney, prostate, brain, and lung cancers. However, reports about the relationship between CXCL12/CXCR4 expression and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) are rare. This retrospective study is to investigate the expression of CXCL12/CXCR4 and explore its correlation to prognosis and clinicopathological factors of ESCC. Methods: The relationship between CXCL12 and CXCR4 expression and clinicopathological factors including prognosis in surgical specimens of primary tumors in 77 patients with ESCC was investigated immunohistochemically. All patients had R0 or R1 resection without any preoperative treatment from 1997 to 2007. We evaluated the intensity of the stain in 3 grades (0: negative, 1: weak, 2: strong), and the proportion of stained cancer cells in 4 high power fields in 4 grades (0: 0∼10%, 1: 10∼40%, 2: 40∼70%, 3: 70∼100%). The CXCL12/CXCR4 expression score was defined as the product of the intensity score by proportion score, and the positive expression was defined as ESCC of which expression score is 1 or over. Results: The positive expression rate of CXCL12 was 77% and that of CXCR4 was 57%. The expression of CXCL12 and CXCR4 had no correlation. The disease free survival rate was significantly lower in patients with positive CXCL12 expression (p=0.037), and the overall survival rate was lower in Stage I/II patients with positive CXCL12 expression (p=0.50). The expression of CXCR4 had no correlation with clinicopathological variables and prognosis. Multivariable analysis showed that CXCL12 expression score was the independent risk factor for the recurrence of ESCC (p=0.013), as same as pathological N factor and venous invasion. Conclusion: This study indicated that positive CXCL12 expression was more related to the recurrence of ESCC, compared with CXCR4 expression. Evaluation of CXCL12 expression is useful for predicting prognosis in patients with ESCC.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 733. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-733
Abstract 734: Frequency and type of epidermal growth factor receptor mutation in basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract
Authors: Cho Kyung-Ja , Chun Sung-Min , Roh Jong-Lyel , Choi Seung-Ho , Nam Soon Yuhl , Kim Sang Yoon , Kim Sung Bae 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Recent reports on nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation status predicts response to EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment signifies the importance of molecular footprint of EGFR. The mass array system has emerged as a more sensitive and economical method of mutation typing than direct sequencing. Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) is an aggressive variant of squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract. We observed unexceptional EGFR expression in this type of malignancy by immunohistochemistry, and 23 cases (8 hypopharynx, 7 esophagus, 3 oropharynx, 2 oral cavity, 1 larynx, 1 paranasal sinus, 1 external auditory canal) with diffuse EGFR positivity were subjected to mutation analysis. Briefly, genome DNA from formalin-fixed paraffin embedded blocks were run through ASAN Panel, which addresses 74 somatic mutations including 38 point and 36 indel mutations for EGFR, KRAS, BRAF, and PIK3CA genes. Amplified PCR products in 8 separated multiplex fashion were treated with shrimp alkaline phosphatase, and followed by single base extension reaction using iPLEX-Pro kit from Sequenom with extension primers that hybridize immediately adjacent to the mutations. After incubation with resin for removing salt adductive, products were transferred to SpectroCHIPII for analysis using MALDI-ToF. Eight cases (35%) of BSCC were found to have substitution mutations or deletions in EGFR exon 18∼21, including both sensitive (L858R, del19) and resistant types (T790M) to EGFR-TKI. Two cases showed KRAS or PIK3CA point mutation. The results confirmed the mismatch between EGFR expression and mutation status in BSCC, and the presence of various mutations like NSCLC. Tailoring EGFR-TKI therapy for a subset of BSCC patients is in prospect.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 734. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-734