bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simulation of North American lake‐ice cover characteristics under contemporary and future climate conditions
Authors: Dibike Yonas , Prowse Terry , Bonsal Barrie , Rham Laurent de , Saloranta Tuomo 
Published: February 2011

AbstractFreshwater ice plays an important role in physical, biological, and chemical processes affecting cold‐region lakes. To examine the potential magnitude of climate‐change‐related impacts in ice‐cover characteristics, particularly its formation, duration, breakup, thickness, and structural composition over North America, this study employs a one‐dimensional, process‐based, lake simulation model, ‘MyLake’ (Multi‐year simulation model for Lake thermo‐ and phytoplankton dynamics). The model is first calibrated and validated for Baker Lake, Nunavut, Canada, and then used to simulate patterns of ice conditions using a set of hypothetical lakes of varying depth (5, 20, and 40 m) located at a 2° latitude/longitude grid pattern for the major cold‐region portion of North America between 40 and 75° latitude. The model is driven by gridded atmospheric forcing data from the North American Regional Reanalysis (NARR) and the Canadian Regional Climate Model (CRCM) with projections of future climate corresponding to the SRES A2 emissions scenario. The NARR‐based simulation results for the period 1979–2006 are consistent with observations of lake‐ice thickness and phenology obtained from the Canadian Ice Database. The CRCM‐based lake‐ice simulation results for the baseline (1961–1990) and future (2041–2070) time periods indicate that projected air‐temperature warming will advance break‐up by 10–20 days and delay freeze‐up by 5–15 days, thereby reducing lake‐ice duration by about 15–35 days. Lake depth is also found to have significant influence on lake‐ice freeze‐up dates and maximum thicknesses but not on the break‐up dates. Such changes are accompanied by a reduction in ice thickness of 10–30 cm. Cover composition is also altered as a result of changes in ice thickness and snow loading resulting in somewhat greater thicknesses of white‐ice (1–5 cm) over most areas except towards the east and west coasts, as well as more southerly latitudes where it slightly decreased. Implications of such cover changes are also discussed. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society and Crown in the right of Canada.
Comparative in vivo study of injectable biomaterials combined with BMP for enhancing tendon graft osteointegration for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Authors: Pan Weimin , Wei Yiyong , Zhou Li , Li Dan 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThis study was to compare effect of osteointegration of grafted tendon in bone tunnels between injected calcium phosphate cement (ICPC) and injected fibrin sealant (IFS) combined with bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. ACL reconstruction was performed bilaterally in 51 rabbits. ICPC‐BMP composite was injected into one knee, with the contralateral knee IFS–BMP composite. The rabbits were killed at postoperative weeks 2, 6, and 12 for testing. Histological observations showed the ICPC composite gradually increased the new bone formation during the whole healing process, while the IFS composite had a burst effect on enhancing the healing of tendon‐to‐bone at 2 and 6 weeks. By 12 weeks, there was more new cartilage and new bone in the interface in the ICPC‐bBMP group. Micro‐CT showed that the values of BMD in the ICPC‐bBMP group were lower than those in the IFS‐bBMP group at 6 weeks, while the values in the ICPC‐bBMP group were higher than those in the IFS‐bBMP group at 12 weeks (p > 0.05). Fluorescent labels showed that the rate of new bone formation of IFS–BMP composite was significantly higher than that of ICPC composite at 6 weeks (3.45 ± 0.62 µm/day vs. 2.93 ± 0.51 µm/day), but the rate was decreased compared with ICPC composite at 12 weeks (2.58 ± 0.72 µm/day vs. 3.05 ± 0.68 µm/day; p < 0.05). Biomechanically, the ultimate failure load in the ICPC‐BMP group was always higher than that in the IFS–BMP group. It is evident that the ICPC composite achieved a more prolonged osteogenic effect than that by IFS composite. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29: 1015–1021, 2011
Restoration of anterior–posterior rotator cuff force balance improves shoulder function in a rat model of chronic massive tears
Authors: Hsu Jason E. , Reuther Katherine E. , Sarver Joseph J. , Lee Chang Soo , Thomas Stephen J. , Glaser David L. , Soslowsky Louis J. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe rotator cuff musculature imparts dynamic stability to the glenohumeral joint. In particular, the balance between the subscapularis anteriorly and the infraspinatus posteriorly, often referred to as the rotator cuff “force couple,” is critical for concavity compression and concentric rotation of the humeral head. Restoration of this anterior–posterior force balance after chronic, massive rotator cuff tears may allow for deltoid compensation, but no in vivo studies have quantitatively demonstrated an improvement in shoulder function. Our goal was to determine if restoring this balance of forces improves shoulder function after two‐tendon rotator cuff tears in a rat model. Forty‐eight rats underwent detachment of the supraspinatus and infraspinatus. After four weeks, rats were randomly assigned to three groups: no repair, infraspinatus repair, and two‐tendon repair. Quantitative ambulatory measures including medial/lateral forces, braking, propulsion, and step width were significantly different between the infraspinatus and no repair group and similar between the infraspinatus and two‐tendon repair groups at almost all time points. These results suggest that repairing the infraspinatus back to its insertion site without repair of the supraspinatus can improve shoulder function to a level similar to repairing both the infraspinatus and supraspinatus tendons. Clinically, a partial repair of the posterior cuff after a two‐tendon tear may be sufficient to restore adequate function. An in vivo model system for two‐tendon repair of massive rotator cuff tears is presented. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29: 1028–1033, 2011
Don't hedge your bets: Hedgehog signaling as a central mediator of endochondral bone development and cartilage diseases
Authors: Rockel Jason S. , Alman Benjamin A. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractCell differentiation and patterning are vital processes in the development of the appendicular skeleton. The hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway plays a central role in regulating the anterior–posterior axis of the distal limb as well as the length of endochondral bones. Ligand‐induced Hh signaling inhibits the processing of the Gli transcription factors from activator to repressor isoforms. In the growth plate, Indian hedgehog inhibits Gli processing, resulting in accumulation of Gli activators that induce chondrocyte maturation and hypertrophic differentiation. Parathyroid hormone‐like hormone promote and Gli processing to repressor forms, thus regulating the rate of hypertrophic differentiation. In cartilage diseases such as osteoarthritis and cartilage tumors, there is a recapitulation of developmental processes that involve increased Hh signaling. Studies have shown that pharmacological inhibitors of Hh signaling can attenuate the progression osteoarthritis and cartilage tumor growth. Thus, Hh blockade can serve as a potential therapy for the treatment of various cartilage diseases. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29:810–815
Morphological evolution of the Guadiana estuary and intertidal zone in response to projected sea‐level rise and sediment supply scenarios
Authors: Sampath Dissanayake M.R. , Boski Tomasz , Silva Patricia L. , Martins Flavio A. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractAnalysis of Holocene sediment accumulation in the Guadiana estuary (southern Portugal) during sea‐level rise since ca. 13 cal. ka BP was used to simulate the long‐term morphological evolution of the lower Guadiana estuary and the associated intertidal zone for 21st‐century predicted sea‐level rises. Three sea‐level rise scenarios given by the IPCC (2007) were used in the simulations of morphology using a large‐scale behaviour‐oriented modelling approach. Sedimentation rate scenarios were derived both from the Holocene evolution of the estuary and from a semi‐empirical estimation of present‐day sediment aggradation. Our results show that the net lateral expansion of the intertidal zone area would be about 3–5% of the present intertidal zone area for each 10 cm rise in sea level. Under constraints imposed by the lack of fluvial sediment supply, the lateral expansion of the landward boundary of the intertidal zone will occur mainly in the Portuguese margin of the Guadiana estuary, while submergence of the salt marshes will occur in the Spanish margin. Therefore the Spanish margin is highly vulnerable to both sea‐level rise and lack of sediment supply. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Vegetation changes in the Neotropical Gran Sabana (Venezuela) around the Younger Dryas chron
Authors: Montoya Encarni , Rull Valenti , Stansell Nathan D. , Bird Broxton W. , Nogué Sandra , Vegas‐vilarrúbia Teresa , Abbott Mark B. , Díaz Wilmer A. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe occurrence of the Younger Dryas cold reversal in northern South America midlands and lowlands remains controversial. We present a palaeoecological analysis of a Late Glacial lacustrine section from a midland lake (Lake Chonita, 4.6501 °N, 61.0157 °W, 884 m elevation) located in the Venezuelan Gran Sabana, based on physical and biological proxies. The sediments were mostly barren from ∼15.3 to 12.7 k cal a BP, probably due to poor preservation. A ligneous community with no clear modern analogues was dominant from 12.7 to 11.7 k cal a BP (Younger Dryas chronozone). At present, similar shrublands are situated around 200 m elevation above the lake, suggesting a cooling‐driven downward shift in vegetation during that period. The interval from 11.7 to 10.6 k cal a BP is marked by a dramatic replacement of the shrubland by savannas and a conspicuous increase in fire incidence. The intensification of local and regional fires at this interval could have played a role in the vegetation shift. A change to wetter, and probably warmer, conditions is deduced after 11.7 k cal a BP, coinciding with the early Holocene warming. These results support the hypothesis of a mixed origin (climate and fire) of the Gran Sabana savannas, and highlight the climatic instability of the Neotropics during the Late Glacial. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Late Pleistocene snowline fluctuations at Nevado Coropuna (15°S), southern Peruvian Andes
Authors: Bromley Gordon R.M. , Hall Brenda L. , Rademaker Kurt M. , Todd Claire E. , Racovteanu Adina E. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractDeposits preserved on peaks in the southern Peruvian Andes are evidence for past glacial fluctuations and, therefore, serve as a record of both the timing and magnitude of past climate change. Moraines corresponding to the last major expansion of ice on Nevado Coropuna date to 20‐25 ka, during the last glacial maximum. We reconstructed the snowline at Coropuna for this period using a combined geomorphic‐numeric approach to provide a first‐order estimate of the magnitude of late‐Pleistocene climate change. Our reconstructions show that snowline was approximately 550‐770 m lower during the last glacial maximum than during the late Holocene maximum, which ended in the 19th century, and ∼750 m lower than today. While these values are similar to data from nearby Nevado Solimana, reconstructions from the neighbouring peak of Nevado Firura reveal a smaller snowline depression, suggesting the glacial response to climate forcing in the tropics is strongly influenced by non‐climatic factors. These data constitute some of the first directly dated palaeo‐snowline data from the arid tropics and suggest that the magnitude of the last glaciation in at least parts of the tropical Andes was similar to late‐Pleistocene events at higher latitudes. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
CASP8 −652 6N del and CASP8 IVS12‐19G>A gene polymorphisms and susceptibility/prognosis of ESCC: A case control study in northern Indian population
Authors: Umar Meenakshi , Upadhyay Rohit , Kumar Shaleen , Ghoshal Uday Chand , Mittal Balraj 
Published: February 2011

AbstractBackgroundCaspase8 influences carcinogenesis through regulation of apoptosis, hyperproliferation, and metastasis. Role of genetic variations in caspase8 has been explored in various cancers; however, their predictive and prognostic role in esophageal cancer is poorly understood.MethodsWe investigated the association of two potential caspase8 polymorphisms: CASP8 −652 6N del and CASP8 IVS12‐19 G>A polymorphisms with susceptibility and survival of 259 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cases and 259 cancer‐free controls from northern Indian population using PCR/PCR RFLP method.ResultsCASP8 IVS12‐19 AA genotype was found to be associated with significant increased risk of ESCC (odds ratio (OR) 3.28, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04–10.29) specifically in male subjects (OR 3.71, 95% CI 1.01–13.35) with lower third tumor anatomical location (OR 6.00, 95% CI 1.60–22.55). Kaplan–Meier and Cox Regression analysis showed lower median survival (7.13 months vs. 25.21 months) and greater hazard of death (HR 3.40, 95% CI 1.38–7.90) with CASP8 IVS12‐19 AA genotype in ESCC cases compared to IVS12‐19 GG genotype. However, no association of CASP8 −652 6N del polymorphism with susceptibility and prognosis of ESCC was observed.ConclusionCASP8 IVS12‐19 G>A but not CASP8 −652 6N del polymorphism may modulate risk of ESCC and its survival outcome in northern Indian population. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011;103:716–723. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Resource loss and posttraumatic responses in Bedouin members of the Israeli Defense Forces
Authors: Slobodin Ortal , Caspi Yael , Klein Ehud , Berger Barry D. , Hobfoll Stevan E. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThis study examined the impact of exposure to traumatizing events in an ethnic minority group of Bedouin members of the Israel Defense Forces (N = 317). Guided by the conservation of resources (COR) theory (Hobfoll, 1988), the authors hypothesized that loss of resources would mediate the relationship between trauma and posttraumatic responses. We found that loss of personal resources (e.g., self‐esteem, self‐mastery) was the best predictor of psychological distress among traumatized Bedouin servicemen. Our findings suggest the significance of personal resources within collectivist communities in coping with trauma and maintaining resilience. This study contributes to the understanding of the ethnocultural aspects of trauma and the potential interventions that may be tailored for minority groups.
Gossypiboma: An unusual intracranial complication of endoscopic sinus surgery
Authors: Tan Vincent Eng Soon , Sethi Dharambir Singh 
Published: February 2011

AbstractWe report a case of a 52‐year‐old man who presented with iatrogenic bilateral nasoethmoidal meningoencephaloceles following endoscopic nasal surgery performed in a neighboring country 8 years ago. Imaging studies, including computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the paranasal sinuses and anterior skull base, demonstrated bilateral meningoencephaloceles and a suspicious intracranial lesion. In view of the intracranial lesion and size of the skull base defect, an external approach via a bicoronal flap was used for exploration and repair. Intraoperative findings revealed the suspicious intracranial lesion to be a retained piece of gauze. The patient underwent a successful removal of the foreign body and repair of the skull base defect. Postoperative recovery was uneventful. To our knowledge, an iatrogenic intracranial foreign body following an endonasal endoscopic procedure has never been reported before. Laryngoscope, 2011
Correlations between symptoms, nasal endoscopy, and in‐office computed tomography in post‐surgical chronic rhinosinusitis patients
Authors: Ryan William R. , Ramachandra Tara , Hwang Peter H. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractObjectives:To determine correlations between symptoms, nasal endoscopy findings, and computed tomography (CT) scan findings in post‐surgical chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients.Study Design:Cross‐sectional.Material and Methods:A total of 51 CRS patients who had undergone endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) completed symptom questionnaires, underwent endoscopy, and received an in‐office sinus CT scan during one clinic visit. For metrics, we used the Sinonasal Outcomes Test‐20 (SNOT‐20) questionnaire, visual analog symptom scale (VAS), Lund‐Kennedy endoscopy scoring scale, and Lund‐MacKay (LM) CT scoring scale. We determined Pearson correlation coefficients, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) between scores for symptoms, endoscopy, and CT.Results:The SNOT‐20 score and most VAS symptoms had poor correlation coefficients with both endoscopy and CT scores (0.03–0.24). Nasal drainage of pus, nasal congestion, and impaired sense of smell had moderate correlation coefficients with endoscopy and CT (0.24–0.42). Endoscopy had a strong correlation coefficient with CT (0.76). Drainage, edema, and polyps had strong correlation coefficients with CT (0.80, 0.69, and 0.49, respectively). Endoscopy had a PPV of 92.5% and NPV of 45.5% for detecting an abnormal sinus CT (LM score ≥1).Conclusions:In post‐ESS CRS patients, most symptoms do not correlate well with either endoscopy or CT findings. Endoscopy and CT scores correlate well. Abnormal endoscopy findings have the ability to confidently rule in the presence of CT opacification, thus validating the importance of endoscopy in clinical decision making. However, a normal endoscopy cannot assure a normal CT. Thus, symptoms, endoscopy, and CT are complementary in the evaluation of the post‐ESS CRS patient. Laryngoscope, 2011
Preliminary investigation of adjustable balloon implant for type I thyroplasty
Authors: Hoffman Matthew R. , Witt Rachel E. , McCulloch Timothy M. , Jiang Jack J. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractObjective:We present the adjustable balloon implant (ABI), a novel implant to be used in type I thyroplasty for the treatment of vocal fold paralysis. The ABI offers the same medialization provided by other implants, but can easily be catered to individual patient anatomy as well as modified postoperatively without the need for a revision thyroplasty.Study Design:Repeated measures with each larynx serving as its own control.MethodsMedialization thyroplasty (MT) with the ABI was performed on five excised canine larynges. Mucosal wave, aerodynamic, and acoustic parameters were measured for three conditions: normal; right vocal fold paralysis; and paralysis with the ABI.Results:Insertion of the ABI resulted in significant decreases in both phonation threshold pressure and phonation threshold flow. Perturbation parameters of percent jitter and percent shimmer were also significantly decreased and restored to normal levels. Signal‐to‐noise ratio was significantly increased to the normal level as well. The mucosal wave was preserved after implant insertion.Conclusions:This preliminary experiment showing significant improvements in aerodynamic and acoustic parameters demonstrates the potential of the ABI as a thyroplasty implant. Effective medialization and preservation of the mucosal wave combined with postoperative adjustability makes it a potentially valuable clinical device. Laryngoscope, 2011
Novel use of unilateral galeopericranial flaps for closure of sino‐orbital cutaneous fistulas
Authors: Mehta Vikas , Alon Eran E. , Buchbinder Daniel , Urken Mark L. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractSino‐orbital cutaneous fistulas are a well‐documented complication of orbital exenteration and sinonasal carcinoma resection. Challenges to successful closure of this common complication include complex anatomy, communication with sinonasal mucosa, persistent mucopurulent drainage, compromised wound healing due to previous irradiation, and wound infection. We describe a novel approach for closure of sino‐orbital cutaneous fistulas in two patients using a galeopericranial flap. The galeopericranial flap is ideal due to its thin, pliable nature and predictable, abundant vascularity. Additionally, it obviates the need for a more cosmetically disfiguring closure. Although used successfully in a variety of skull base and ophthalmologic surgeries, the galeopericranial flap has not been previously described for closure of sino‐orbital cutaneous fistulas. Both patients' defects have remained closed at follow‐up with excellent cosmetic results. Laryngoscope, 2011
The effect of corticosteroid on metalloproteinase levels of nasal polyposis 1
Authors: Yigit Özgür , Acioğlu Engin , Gelişgen Ramisa , Server Ela A. , Azizli Elad , Uzun Hafize 
Published: February 2011

AbstractObjectives:The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of corticosteroid treatment on topical and systemic metalloproteinase levels of patients with nasal polyposis (NP).Study Design:Prospective clinical trial.Methods:The study included patients undergoing a paranasal sinus operation due to NP. Oral corticosteroid therapy was performed on all patients before endoscopic sinus surgery. Endoscopic and radiological evaluation were performed and nasal tissue specimens and venous blood samples were collected before (preop phase) and after corticosteroid treatment (periop phase) and also one month after surgery (postop phase). Endoscopic and computed tomography scan findings were scored adequately and all tissue and blood samples were examined cumulatively.Results:The study included 27 patients with inflammatory NP. Preop tissue matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP‐2) levels were found to be significantly lower than preop and postop concentrations. In contrast, periop serum MMP‐2 levels were found to be significantly higher than preop and postop concentrations. Periop tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase‐1 (TIMP‐1) levels were also found to be significantly lower than preop and postop concentrations, similar to MMP‐2 tissue concentrations. However, there was no statistical difference among tissue MMP‐9 concentrations of the three phases. In addition, there was also no statistical difference among serum MMP‐9 levels of the three phases.Conclusions:Oral corticosteroid treatment especially reduces tissue MMP‐2, then TIMP‐1. Severity of nasal polyposis primarily correlates with increasing tissue MMP‐2/TIMP‐1 ratio, then MMP‐9/TIMP‐1. These results suggest that selective inhibition for MMP‐2 and activation for TIMP‐1 might be a novel therapeutic strategy for patients with nasal polyposis. Laryngoscope, 2011
Synthesis of Poly(propylene glycol)‐block‐Polyethylenimine Triblock Copolymers for the Delivery of Nucleic Acids
Authors: Brissault Blandine , Leborgne Christian , Scherman Daniel , Guis Christine , Kichler Antoine 
Published: February 2011

AbstractLPEIs, which are efficient DNA transfection agents, were found to be far less effective for the delivery of siRNAs. Here, two amphiphilic triblock copolymers LPEI50‐b‐PPG36‐b‐LPEI50 (2) and LPEI14‐b‐PPG68‐b‐LPEI14 (4) have been synthesized. The transfection assays showed that compound 2 was efficient for DNA transfection whilst it was almost inactive for siRNA delivery. In contrast, polymer 4 was inefficient for DNA transfection while it showed capabilities for siRNA delivery. Taken together, our results indicate that the properties required for DNA and siRNA delivery are different. Moreover, we show that introduction of a hydrophobic segment that allows self‐assembly confers siRNA delivery capacities. magnified image