bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A compact microstrip dual‐mode filter
Authors: Lee Jahyeon , Lim Yeongseog 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA novel structure of a compact microstrip dual‐mode resonator is proposed for a dual‐mode filter application.The proposed dual‐mode resonator is miniaturized using an interdigital capacitor and stepped impedance structure. In addition, the proposed dual‐mode resonator provides two transmission zeros in the stopband. The dual‐mode filter application is designed for 2.4 GHz wireless local area network (WLAN) with three transmission zeros. An additional transmission zero is generated in the filter application using a cross coupling capacitor between input/output ports. Experimental measurements are also presented to validate the theory. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:2368–2371, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26279
Small reconfigurable PIFA for DVB‐H applications
Authors: Canneva F. , Ferrero F. , Ribero J. M. , Staraj R. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThis article presents a new miniature reconfigurable digital video broadcasting‐handheld (DVB‐H) antenna for a portable TV or tablet PC device. The antenna consists in a Printed‐Inverted‐F‐Antenna (PIFA) loaded by a varactor diode. The radiating element has a size of 30 × 30 × 5 mm3 and is mounted on a 230 × 130 mm2 ground plane. This antenna is able to maintain a return loss below −10 dB on a 8‐MHz bandwidth reconfigurable channel from 450 to 900 MHz. Then, this radiating element reaches to cover the whole frequency band specification of the DVB‐H standard while keeping a good efficiency despite of the strong miniaturization. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:2302–2304, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26283
A simple design for circularly polarized ring‐slot antennas
Authors: Wang Chuen‐Ching , Lee Tsung‐Yu , Row Jeen‐Sheen 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA simple method for generating circular polarization (CP) radiation from an annular‐ring slot antenna is described in this paper.The slot antenna is excited by an L‐shaped coupling strip loaded with a resistor. The lengths of the two arms of the coupling strip are the same, and when they are equal to the outer radius of the ring slot, good CP radiation can be directly obtained. Moreover, the resistance value of the loading resistor is insensitive to the axial ratio of the CP antenna. Several prototypes are fabricated, and the measured and simulated results confirm the validity of the propose design. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:2262–2265, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26285
A compact meandered antenna with multifrequency bands for mobile phone applications
Authors: Chen Wen‐Shan , Liou Li‐Min , Lee Bau‐Yi 
Published: July 2011

AbstractIn this article, a meandered monopole antenna is designed to cover the global system for mobile communication (GSM900), digital communication system, personal communication system, universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS) and WLAN 802.11b applications. The size of antenna is 12 mm × 42 mm, and that of ground plane is 60 mm × 42 mm. A 50‐Ω microstrip line with length of 25 mm is used to feed the monopole antenna. The proposed antenna is designed a meandered current path to resonate three frequency bands centered at 900, 1800, and 2400 MHz. By adjusting the width of the meandered strip, good impedance bandwidths for the five application bands can be achieved. The detailed configuration of the proposed antenna and experimental results are presented and discussed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:2216–2221, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26298
‘I have come here to learn how to cope with my illness, not to be cured’: A Qualitative Study of Patient Expectations Prior to a One‐Week Self‐Management Programme
Authors: Hamnes Bente , Hauge Mona I. , Kjeken Ingvild , Hagen Kåre B. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBackgroundSelf‐management programmes (SMPs) have been developed to help patients with chronic rheumatic diseases to manage their health problems. Patients' expectations prior to treatment are important determinants of outcomes, and should therefore be identified, to ensure that interventions meet the participants' needs. The aim of the present study was to determine participant expectations with respect to a one‐week inpatient SMP for those with fibromyalgia (FM) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsA qualitative study consisting of semi‐structured interviews was used to explore the expectations of eight participants with FM and eight with RA. The data were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsThe findings show that the participants expected the SMP to be a turning point towards a better future and to empower them to assume more responsibility for their own health and self‐care. They also expected the SMP to facilitate acceptance, help them to gain new knowledge and be a forum in which to share their experience. Participants who were employed assumed that participation in the SMP would help to ensure that they would continue in their jobs.ConclusionsThis qualitative study indicated that identifying expectations prior to an SMP provides important information which has implications for the programme's implementation. Additional themes, such as acceptance of the illness and management of work, should also be included in the programmes and they should focus more on sharing experience. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transforming growth factor‐beta induces skeletal muscle atrophy and fibrosis through the induction of atrogin‐1 and scleraxis
Authors: Mendias Christopher L. , Gumucio Jonathan P. , Davis Max E. , Bromley Caleb W. , Davis Carol S. , Brooks Susan V. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractIntroduction: Transforming growth factor‐beta (TGF‐β) is a well‐known regulator of fibrosis and inflammation in many tissues. During embryonic development, TGF‐β signaling induces expression of the transcription factor scleraxis, which promotes fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis in tendons. In skeletal muscle, TGF‐β has been shown to induce atrophy and fibrosis, but the effect of TGF‐β on muscle contractility and the expression of scleraxis and atrogin‐1, an important regulator of muscle atrophy, were not known. Methods: We treated muscles from mice with TGF‐β and measured force production, scleraxis, procollagen Iα2, and atrogin‐1 protein levels. Results: TGF‐β decreased muscle fiber size and dramatically reduced maximum isometric force production. TGF‐β also induced scleraxis expression in muscle fibroblasts, and increased procollagen Iα2 and atrogin‐1 levels in muscles. Conclusion: These results provide new insight into the effect of TGF‐β on muscle contractility and the molecular mechanisms behind TGF‐β–mediated muscle atrophy and fibrosis. Muscle Nerve 45: 55–59, 2012
Patient‐reported outcomes and urinary continence five years after the tension‐free vaginal tape operation
Authors: Bjelic‐Radisic Vesna , Greimel Elfriede , Trutnovsky Gerda , Zeck Willibald , Aigmueller Thomas , Tamussino Karl 
Published: July 2011

AbstractAimsTo evaluate patient‐reported outcomes and continence rates 5 years after the tension‐free vaginal tape (TVT) operation and to compare these with subjective and objective cure rates.MethodsA total of 101 patients underwent clinical and urodynamic assessment and completed the Incontinence Outcome Questionnaire (IOQ) 5 years after the retropubic TVT operation. The IOQ results were compared with the subjective and objective cure rates.ResultsAt 5 years 85% of patients had a negative clinical stress test. Based on clinical stress test, stable cystometry to ≥300 ml and residual volume ≤100 ml, the physician assessment of cure was 80%. Patient‐reported outcome showed improvement in incontinence symptoms in 86% of patients. Eighty‐three percent of patients were satisfied with the results and 92% would recommend the operation to others. The results of the IOQ correlated more with patient‐reported than with physician‐assessed cure rates.ConclusionPatient report high rates of satisfaction 5 years after the TVT operation. Neurourol. Urodynam. Neurourol. Urodynam. 30: 1512–1517, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Anal sphincter fatigue: Is the mechanism peripheral or central?
Authors: Schabrun Siobhan M. , Stafford Ryan E. , Hodges Paul W. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractAimsStriated muscles of continence appear to exhibit marked fatigue during voluntary efforts. This is counterintuitive considering the high proportion of slow twitch muscle fibers. One explanation is that fatigue is due to central, rather than peripheral mechanisms. Here we examined the contribution of reduced voluntary activation (central fatigue) to the decline in anal sphincter (AS) and elbow flexor muscle force during voluntary contractions.MethodsTen healthy subjects participated. Fatigue was induced using 10 maximal voluntary contractions sustained for 20 s. During each fatiguing contraction, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was delivered over the motor cortex at 5 s intervals. Central fatigue was assessed using the superimposed twitch force elicited by TMS. Peripheral fatigue was measured using brachial plexus (elbow flexors) or sacral plexus (AS) stimulation during contraction and at rest.ResultsAbility to maximally activate AS (75.9%) was less than for the elbow flexors at baseline (91.6%). Voluntary activation declined in both muscles, but the decline was greater in AS (AS 28%; elbow flexors 12%). There was no change in the amplitude of the twitch evoked by peripheral nerve stimulation in either muscle.ConclusionsAS exhibits a greater decline in voluntary activation during fatiguing contractions than elbow flexor muscles. This is not accompanied by peripheral changes, which implies central mechanisms are responsible. Thus, we conclude that AS is susceptible to central fatigue during maximal voluntary activations. We propose this may be a protective mechanism to conserve contractile potential of the anal sphincter for function. Neurourol. Urodynam. Neurourol. Urodynam. 30: 1550–1556, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Polymer–montmorillonite nanocomposites: Chemical grafting of polyvinyl acetate onto Cloisite 20A
Authors: Mansoori Yagoub , Akhtarparast Amir , Reza Zamanloo Mohammad , Imanzadeh Golamhassan , Masooleh Tahereh Mohseni 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThis paper is an account of the experiments on grafting polyvinyl acetate onto organophilic montmorillonite. Cloisite 20A was reacted with vinyltrichlorosilane to replace the edge hydroxyl groups of the clay with a vinyl moiety. Because the reaction liberates HCl, it was performed in the presence of sodium hydrogencarbonate to prevent the exchange of quaternary alkylammonium cations with H+ ions. Only the silanol groups on the edge of the clay react with vinyltrichlorosilane. After the reaction, the product maintained the same basal spacing as the precursor. The radical polymerization of the product with vinyl acetate as a vinyl monomer leads to chemical grafting of polyvinyl acetate onto montmorillonite surface. The homopolymer formed during polymerization was separated from the grafted organoclay by Soxhelt extraction. Chemical grafting of the polymer onto Cloisite 20A was confirmed by infrared spectroscopy. The prepared nanocomposite materials and the grafted nano‐particles were studied by XRD, SEM, and TEM. Exfoliated nanocomposite was obtained for 0.5% clay content. Nanocomposites with 1% and 3% clay contents showed significant intercalation and agglomeration occurred at higher clay loadings. The nanocomposites were studied by thermogravimertic analysis (TGA) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMTA). Improved thermo‐mechanical properties were observed for nanocomposite with 0.5% clay content. POLYM. COMPOS., © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers.
Light‐curable composite of siloxane/hydroxyapatite prepared by the sol–gel process for bone defect treatment
Authors: Su Dandan , Chang Wenkai , Ma Guiping , Wu Gang , Nie Jun 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe light‐curable composite of siloxane/hydroxyapatite (HA) had been successfully achieved by photopolymerization of a kind of gel combined tetraethoxyorthosilicate (TEOS) and 3‐methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MAPS) with siloxane‐modified nano‐HA (HA‐g‐Si). HA‐g‐Si was prepared by grafting reaction of 3‐isocyanatopropyltrimethoxysilane (IPS) onto the surface of HA. Then, TEOS and MAPS were mixed as precursor, and photoinitiator 2‐hydroxy‐4′‐(2‐hydroxyethoxy)‐2‐methylpropiophenone (Irgacure 2959) and as‐prepared HA‐g‐Si were added into the precursor to form a homogenous and sticky gel. The movable gel that could be cured with UV light resulted in various sharp immovable composites of siloxane/HA in different mold. The HA, HA‐g‐Si nanoparticles, and composites were analyzed by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, mechanical testing, and water contact angles. It could be a promising bone repairing material for orthopedic application. POLYM. COMPOS., © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers.
Structure and morphology control in thin films of regioregular poly(3‐hexylthiophene)
Authors: Brinkmann Martin 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThis review focuses on the structural control in thin films of regioregular poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT), a workhorse among conjugated semiconducting polymers. It highlights the correlation existing between processing conditions and the resulting structures formed in thin films and in solution. Particular emphasis is put on the control of nucleation, crystallinity and orientation. P3HT can generate a large palette of morphologies in thin films including crystalline nanofibrils, spherulites, interconnected semicrystalline morphologies and nanostructured fibers, depending on the elaboration method and on the macromolecular parameters of the polymer. Effective means developed in the recent literature to control orientation of crystalline domains in thin films, especially by using epitaxial crystallization and controlled nucleation conditions are emphasized. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 49: 1218–1233, 2011
Lenalidomide modulates IL‐8 and anti‐prostate antibody levels in men with biochemically recurrent prostate cancer
Authors: Zabransky Daniel J. , Smith Heath A. , Thoburn Christopher J. , Zahurak Marianna , Keizman Daniel , Carducci Michael , Eisenberger Mario A. , McNeel Douglas G. , Drake Charles G. , Antonarakis Emmanuel S. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBACKGROUNDWe retrospectively explored changes in immunological parameters in men with biochemically recurrent prostate cancer treated with either 5 or 25 mg of lenalidomide in a randomized phase 2 trial, and determined whether those changes correlated with disease progression.METHODSCytokine levels were compared for each patient at baseline and after 6 months of treatment with lenalidomide. Regression models for correlated data were used to assess associations of cytokine levels with lenalidomide treatment effect. Estimates were obtained using generalized estimating equations. Changes in circulating anti‐prostate antibodies were evaluated using a high‐throughput immunoblot technique.RESULTSTreatment with lenalidomide was associated with global changes in immunoreactivity to a number of prostate‐associated antigens, as well as with changes in circulating levels of the TH2 cytokines IL‐4, IL‐5, IL‐10, and IL‐13. Disease progression in treated patients was associated with an increase in circulating IL‐8 levels, while IL‐8 levels decreased significantly in non‐progressors.CONCLUSIONSLenalidomide demonstrates immunomodulatory properties in patients with biochemically recurrent prostate cancer. The induction of novel anti‐prostate antibodies is a potential mechanism for lenalidomide response. Changes in serum IL‐8 levels may serve as a potential biomarker in treated patients. These hypotheses require formal testing in future prospective trials. Prostate 72:487–498, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Biological significance of perineural invasion (PNI) in prostate cancer
Authors: Fromont Gaëlle , Godet Julie , Pires Christophe , Yacoub Mokrane , Dore Bertrand , Irani Jacques 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn order to better understand the biological significance of perineural invasion (PNI) in prostate cancer, we aimed to analyze in situ the expression of molecules involved in tumor growth or nerve trophicity.METHODSTissues from 66 radical prostatectomies performed for prostate cancer (40 with PNI and 26 without PNI) were selected and included in a tissue microarray (TMA): PNI areas (when available), cancer far from nerves, and nerves far from cancer. The expression of the following molecules was analyzed using immunohistochemistry on TMA slides: macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and its receptor CD74, EGF receptor (EGFR), heregulin (HRG) and its receptor ErbB3, and the proliferation marker Ki67.RESULTSCancer cells in the PNI areas showed increased proliferation, EGFR and CD74 expression, when compared to cells far from nerves (P = 0.009, 0.0005, and 0.02, respectively). Moreover, cell proliferation and CD74 staining were increased in cancers with PNI features compared to cancers without PNI (P = 0.001), even when adjusting for Gleason score, tumor size, and pathological stage.CONCLUSIONSThese results suggest that cancer cells in the PNI areas could acquired a growth advantage that could be triggered by the growth factor receptors EGFR and CD74. Prostate 72:542–548, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The role of interfaces in organic spin valves revealed through spectroscopic and transport measurements
Authors: Drew Alan J. , Szulczewski Gregory , Nuccio Laura , Gillin William P. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractInterfaces between dissimilar materials are critical to the performance of many electronic devices. In electrical devices where the active transport is through an organic semiconductor (OSC) layer there are metallic electrodes to supply and remove the charge carriers. At metal/molecule and molecule/metal interfaces the electrical contact is usually not Ohmic. As a result, in most metal‐organic semiconductors–metal devices charge injection is mainly governed by tunneling across the barriers. When the metal electrodes are ferromagnetic the density of occupied and unoccupied electronic states is spin‐dependent, which presents further subtleties to the electron transfer. In this article we summarize some of the important experimental results that have advanced our understanding of spin‐polarized electron transfer across ferromagnetic metal (FM)/OSC interfaces. In particular, we highlight key spectroscopic studies that have revealed insights into the nature of the electronic structure between OSCs and FMs, in particular between Alq3 and Co and Fe surfaces. We discuss the relationship between energy level diagrams for these systems and transport measurements made on spin‐valve devices.
Theoretical study on the ion–molecule reaction of NH+ with CH2O
Authors: Song Jian‐Chao , Liu Hui‐Ling , Zhou Zhong‐Jun , Huang Xu‐Ri 
Published: July 2011

AbstractAn in‐depth theoretical study is carried out at the B3LYP/6‐311G(d,p), M062X/aug‐cc‐pVDZ and CCSD(T)/6‐311++G(3df,2dp) (single‐point) levels as an attempt to explore the mechanism of the little‐understood ion–molecule reaction between NH+ and CH2O. Various possible reaction pathways are taken into account. It is shown that six dissociation products, including P1 (2N + CH2OH+), P2 (4N + CH2OH+), P3 (3NH + CH2O+), P4 (NH2 + HCO+), P5 (NH + CO), and P9 (H + CONH) are all accessible both kinetically and thermodynamically. Among these products, P4 is the most competitive product with predominant abundance, and the second most feasible product is P3, followed by P2 and P1. The remaining products, P5 and P9, may have negligible yield under room temperature condition. As the intermediates and transition states involved in the NH+ + CH2O reaction all stay below the reactant, the title reaction is expected to be rapid, which is consistent with the measured large rate constant in experiment. The present study will enrich our knowledge of the chemistry of NH+. Furthermore, our calculated result is compared with the previous experimental research, and, meanwhile, it provides a useful guide for understanding analogous reaction, NH+ with CH2NH. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2012
Wiener indices of trees and monocyclic graphs with given bipartition
Authors: Du Zhibin 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe Wiener index of a connected graph is defined as the sum of distances between all unordered pairs of its vertices. It has found various applications in chemical research. We determine the minimum and the maximum Wiener indices of trees with given bipartition and the minimum Wiener index of monocyclic graphs with given bipartition, respectively. We also characterize the graphs whose Wiener indices attain these values. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2012
Combined methylmalonic acidemia and homocystinuria, cblC type. I. Clinical presentations, diagnosis and management
Authors: Carrillo‐Carrasco Nuria , Chandler Randy J. , Venditti Charles P. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractCombined methylmalonic acidemia and homocystinuria, cblC type, is an inborn error of intracellular cobalamin metabolism with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations that is stated to be the most common inherited disorder of cobalamin metabolism. This metabolic disease is caused by mutations in the MMACHC gene and results in impaired intracellular synthesis of adenosylcobalamin and methylcobalamin, cofactors for the methylmalonyl‐CoA mutase and methionine synthase enzymes. Elevated methylmalonic acid and homocysteine with decreased methionine production are the biochemical hallmarks of this disorder. Awareness of the diverse clinical presentations associated with cblC disease is necessary to provide a timely diagnosis, to guide management of affected individuals and to establish a framework for the future treatment of individuals detected through expanded newborn screening. This article reviews the biochemistry, clinical presentations, genotype‐phenotype correlations, diagnosis and management of cblC disease.