bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: A Clean, Highly Efficient and One‐Pot Green Synthesis of Aryl/Alkyl/Heteroaryl‐Substituted Bis(6‐amino‐1,3‐dimethyluracil‐5‐yl)methanes in Water.
Authors: Das Subrata , Thakur Ashim Jyoti 
Published: August 2011

AbstractSubstituted bis(aminodimethyluracilyl)methanes are synthesized by simple stirring in water without heating, dehydrating agent, catalyst, surfactant or additive.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical Functionalization of Electrodes for Detection of Gaseous Nerve Agents with Carbon Nanotube Field‐Effect Transistors.
Authors: Delalande Michael , Clavaguera Simon , Toure Momar , Carella Alexandre , Lenfant Stephane , Deresmes Dominique , Vuillaume Dominique , Simonato Jean‐Pierre 
Published: August 2011

AbstractCompound (I) is used as a sensor for the fabrication of electrodes, which are sensitive to organo‐phosphorus compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Straightforward Synthesis of Bridged Azaoxa Skeletons: Gold‐Catalyzed Aminoketalization of Garner′s Aldehyde‐Derived Alkynes.
Authors: Alcaide Benito , Almendros Pedro , Carrascosa Rocio 
Published: August 2011

AbstractBridged azaoxa skeletons are efficiently prepared from easily accessible alkynyloxazolidines.
ChemInform Abstract: Aphapolynins A and B, Two New Limonoids from the Fruits of Aphanamixis Polystachya.
Authors: Zhang Yao , Wang Jun‐Song , Wang Xiao‐Bing , Wei Dan‐Dan , Luo Jian‐Guang , Luo Jun , Yang Ming‐Hua , Kong Ling‐Yi 
Published: August 2011

AbstractPreliminary studies concerning cytotoxicity reveal moderate effects for aphapolynin A (I), whereas no activity is observed for aphapolynin B (II).
ChemInform Abstract: A General Method for Affinity‐Based Proteomic Profiling of exo‐α‐Glycosidases.
Authors: Gandy Michael N. , Debowski Aleksandra W. , Stubbs Keith A. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe alkylation of 1‐deoxynojirimycin (I) with bromide (II) leads to the desired azide‐containing iminosugar (III), which is used for the fluorescent labeling of exo‐α‐glycosidase.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Approach to 2,5‐Anhydro‐glucitol‐Based 1′‐Homo‐N‐nucleoside Mimetics.
Authors: Bhatt Beenu , Thomson Robin J. , von Itzstein Mark 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe synthesis of a series of target compounds with 4‐substituted 1,2,3‐triazoles that replace the nucleobase is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Phenazinolins A—E: Novel Diphenazines from a Tin Mine Tailings‐Derived Streptomyces Species
Authors: Ding Zhang‐Gui , Li Ming‐Gang , Ren Jie , Zhao Jiang‐Yuan , Huang Rong , Wang Qing‐Zhong , Cui Xiao‐Long , Zhu Hua‐Jie , Wen Meng‐Liang 
Published: August 2011

Abstractisolation and structure elucidation of phenazinolins A (Ia), B (Ib), C (II), D (IIIa) and E (IIIb), cytotoxic activity for compounds (I) and (II)
ChemInform Abstract: Magnetic Properties and Magnetocaloric Effect in Selected MM′X‐type (M, M′: 3d or 4d Metal, X: As, P, Ge) and Mn1‐xTxAs‐type (T: 3d Metal) Intermetallics
Authors: Zach Ryszard , Chajec Wieslaw , Tobola Janusz , Fruchart Daniel , Hlil El Kebir , Balli Mohamed , Wolfers Pierre 
Published: August 2011

AbstractReview: 12 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed Domino Reactions: Efficient One‐Pot Regiospecific Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Polysubstituted Furans from Electron‐Deficient Alkynes and 2‐Yn‐1‐ols.
Authors: Cao Hua , Jiang Huanfeng , Huang Huawen 
Published: August 2011

AbstractReview: Cu(I)‐, nano‐Cu2O‐, and Ag(I)‐catalyzed syntheses of α‐carbonyl furans published in 2009 and 2010 by the authors; ca. 75 refs.
New Insights into the Band‐Gap Narrowing of (N, P)‐Codoped TiO2 from Hybrid Density Functional Theory Calculations
Authors: Long Run , English Niall J. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe electronic properties of anatase‐TiO2 codoped by N and P at different concentrations have been investigated via generalized Kohn–Sham theory with the Heyd–Scuseria–Ernzerhof (HSE06) hybrid functional for exchange‐correlation in the context of density functional theory. At high doping concentrations, we find that the high photocatalytic activity of (N, P)‐codoped anatase TiO2 vis‐à‐vis the N‐monodoped case can be rationalized by a double‐hole‐mediated coupling mechanism [Yin et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 2011, 106, 066801] via the formation of an effective NP bond. On the other hand, Ti3+ and Ti4+ ions’ spin double‐exchange results in more substantial gap narrowing for larger separations between N and P atoms. At low doping concentrations, double‐hole‐coupling is dominant, regardless of the NP distance.
FISCAL SHOCKS AND REAL WAGES
Authors: Bénétrix Agustín S. 
Published: August 2011

ABSTRACTThis paper studies the impact of fiscal shocks in a panel of eleven euro area member countries. It contributes to the existing literature by providing new empirical evidence on the effects of different types of spending shocks on real wages. The main finding is that an increase in government spending raises the real wage. However, its magnitude depends on the spending type. Shocks to government investment and to the number of public employees generate responses that are at the extremes of the wage response spectrum. The former produces the greatest effect, whereas the latter has zero impact. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The neurologic complications of paget's disease
Authors: Poncelet Ann 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
Paget's disease of bone is associated with involvement of the central and peripheral nervous system. The brain, spinal cord, cauda equina, spinal roots, and cranial nerves can be affected in Paget's disease due to their anatomic relationship to bone. Neurologic syndromes are uncommon but include headache, dementia, brain stem and cerebellar dysfunction, cranial neuropathies, myelopathy, cauda equina syndrome, and radiculopathies. The central complications result from pagetic involvement of the skull. Expansion of diseased bone can result in compression of cranial nerves as they exit their bony foramina. Softening of the skull leads to basilar invagination with compression of the brain stem, cerebellum, and lower cranial nerves. Brain stem compression can cause hydrocephalus. Rarely, there is direct compression of the brain from acute epidural hematoma or hypertrophy of the calvarium. Myelopathy, cauda equina syndrome, and radiculopathies most commonly result from hypertrophy of the spine with direct compression. Spinal stenosis can also result from ossification of extradural structures or pathologic fractures. Ischemia from vascular compression or a steal syndrome has also been described. Neurologic complications rarely occur due to sarcomatous transformation of pagetic bone. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computerized tomography (CT)-myelography, and bone X-rays are helpful to localize the lesion and direct therapy. Treatment options include surgical decompression, ventricular shunt placement, and medical management with calcitonin and/or the bisphosphonates. The selection of treatment will vary depending upon the rate of progression and the severity of the neurologic deficit.
Effect of transition home from combat on risk‐taking and health‐related behaviors
Authors: Adler Amy B. , Britt Thomas W. , Castro Carl Andrew , McGurk, Dennis , Bliese Paul D. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractTransition home following a combat deployment involves a period of adjustment. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of a new 16‐item transition scale were conducted with 2 samples and resulted in 4 factors (Benefit, Appreciation, Anger/Alienation, and Guilt/Remorse). In Study 1 (N = 1,651), the number of combat events was positively related to Anger/Alienation 4 months later even after controlling for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, partial r = .18, p < .001. In Study 2 (N = 647), after controlling for PTSD symptoms, Anger/Alienation assessed at 4 months postdeployment predicted more risk‐taking behaviors 4 months later, partial r = .10, p = .01. Appreciation predicted fewer unhealthy habits, partial r = −.13, p = .001, whereas Anger/Alienation predicted more unhealthy habits, partial r = .09, p = .024. Results demonstrate the importance of broadening the conceptualization of adjustment in combat veterans.
Wolf population dynamics in the U.S. Northern Rocky Mountains are affected by recruitment and human‐caused mortality
Authors: Gude Justin A. , Mitchell Michael S. , Russell Robin E. , Sime Carolyn A. , Bangs Edward E. , Mech L. David , Ream Robert R. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractReliable analyses can help wildlife managers make good decisions, which are particularly critical for controversial decisions such as wolf (Canis lupus) harvest. Creel and Rotella (2010) recently predicted substantial population declines in Montana wolf populations due to harvest, in contrast to predictions made by Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks (MFWP). We replicated their analyses considering only those years in which field monitoring was consistent, and we considered the effect of annual variation in recruitment on wolf population growth. Rather than assuming constant rates, we used model selection methods to evaluate and incorporate models of factors driving recruitment and human‐caused mortality rates in wolf populations in the Northern Rocky Mountains. Using data from 27 area‐years of intensive wolf monitoring, we show that variation in both recruitment and human‐caused mortality affect annual wolf population growth rates and that human‐caused mortality rates have increased with the sizes of wolf populations. We document that recruitment rates have decreased over time, and we speculate that rates have decreased with increasing population sizes and/or that the ability of current field resources to document recruitment rates has recently become less successful as the number of wolves in the region has increased. Estimates of positive wolf population growth in Montana from our top models are consistent with field observations and estimates previously made by MFWP for 2008–2010, whereas the predictions for declining wolf populations of Creel and Rotella (2010) are not. Familiarity with limitations of raw data, obtained first‐hand or through consultation with scientists who collected the data, helps generate more reliable inferences and conclusions in analyses of publicly available datasets. Additionally, development of efficient monitoring methods for wolves is a pressing need, so that analyses such as ours will be possible in future years when fewer resources will be available for monitoring. © 2011 The Wildlife Society.
Partitioning of anthropogenic watering sites by desert carnivores
Authors: Atwood Todd C. , Fry Tricia L. , Leland Bruce R. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractWe investigated the role of water features as focal attractors for gray foxes (Urocyon cinereoargenteus), coyotes (Canis latrans), and bobcats (Felis rufus) in west Texas to determine if they were foci for interspecific interaction. Mixed effects models indicated that species partitioned use of water features spatially and temporally. Linear models indicated factors influencing relative activity at water features varied by species. For coyotes and bobcats, the water availability model, containing days since last rainfall and nearest‐neighbor distance to water was best supported by the data, with relative activity increasing with time between rainfall and distance between waters. For gray foxes, the best approximating model indicated that relative activity was inversely correlated to coyote and bobcat activity indices, and positively correlated to topographical complexity. Encounters between carnivore species were low, with most occurring between coyotes and gray foxes, followed by coyotes and bobcats, and bobcats and gray foxes. These findings suggest a behavioral‐environmental mechanism that may function to modulate resource partitioning by carnivores in the arid West. © 2011 The Wildlife Society.
Assignment of phycocyanobilin in HMPT using triple resonance experiments
Authors: Röben Marco , Schmieder Peter 
Published: August 2011

AbstractA complete assignment of all resonances of a small organic molecule is a prerequisite for a structure determination using NMR spectroscopy. This is conventionally obtained using a well‐established strategy based on COSY, HMQC and HMBC spectra. In case of phycocyanobilin (PCB) in HMPT this strategy was unsuccessful due to the symmetry of the molecule and extreme signal overlap. Since 13C and 15N labeled material was available, an alternative strategy for resonance assignment was used. Triple resonance experiments derived from experiments conventionally performed for proteins are sensitive and easy to analyze. Their application led to a complete and unambiguous assignment using three types of experiments. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Usefulness of statistics for establishing evidence‐based reproductive medicine
Authors: Sato Yasunori , Gosho Masahiko , Toshimori Kiyotaka 
Published: August 2011

AbstractDuring the last decade, evidence‐based medicine has been described as a paradigm shift in clinical practice, and as “the conscientious, explicit, and judicious use of current best evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patients”. Appropriate statistical methods for analyzing data are critical for the correct interpretation of the results in proof of the evidence. However, in the medical literature, these statistical methods are often incorrectly interpreted or misinterpreted, leading to serious methodological errors and misinterpretations. This review highlights several important aspects related to the design and statistical analysis for evidence‐based reproductive medicine. First, we clarify the distinction between ratios, proportions, and rates, and then provide a definition of pregnancy rate. Second, we focus on a special type of bias called ‘confounding bias’, which occurs when a factor is associated with both the exposure and the disease but is not part of the causal pathway. Finally, we present concerns regarding misuse of statistical software or application of inappropriate statistical methods, especially in medical research.
Fluorescence detection of GDP in real time with the reagentless biosensor rhodamine–ParM
Authors: Kunzelmann Simone , Webb Martin R. 
Published: August 2011

The development of novel fluorescence methods for the detection of key biomolecules is of great interest, both in basic research and in drug discovery. Particularly relevant and widespread molecules in cells are ADP and GDP, which are the products of a large number of cellular reactions, including reactions catalysed by nucleoside triphosphatases and kinases. Previously, biosensors for ADP were developed in this laboratory, based on fluorophore adducts with the bacterial actin homologue ParM. It is shown in the present study that one of these biosensors, tetramethylrhodamine–ParM, can also monitor GDP. The biosensor can be used to measure micromolar concentrations of GDP on the background of millimolar concentrations of GTP. The fluorescence response of the biosensor is fast, the response time being &lt;0.2 s. Thus the biosensor allows real-time measurements of GTPase and GTP-dependent kinase reactions. Applications of the GDP biosensor are exemplified with two different GTPases, measuring the rates of GTP hydrolysis and nucleotide exchange.
Growth cones as soft and weak force generators
Authors: Betz Timo , Koch Daniel , Lu Yun-Bi , Franze Kristian , Käs Josef A. 
Published: August 2011

Many biochemical processes in the growth cone finally target its biomechanical properties, such as stiffness and force generation, and thus permit and control growth cone movement. Despite the immense progress in our understanding of biochemical processes regulating neuronal growth, growth cone biomechanics remains poorly understood. Here, we combine different experimental approaches to measure the structural and mechanical properties of a growth cone and to simultaneously determine its actin dynamics and traction force generation. Using fundamental physical relations, we exploited these measurements to determine the internal forces generated by the actin cytoskeleton in the lamellipodium. We found that, at timescales longer than the viscoelastic relaxation time of
τ
= 8.5 ± 0.5 sec, growth cones show liquid-like characteristics, whereas at shorter time scales they behaved elastically with a surprisingly low elastic modulus of
E
= 106 ± 21 Pa. Considering the growth cone’s mechanical properties and retrograde actin flow, we determined the internal stress to be on the order of 30 pN per μm
2
. Traction force measurements confirmed these values. Hence, our results indicate that growth cones are particularly soft and weak structures that may be very sensitive to the mechanical properties of their environment.
The modular structure of haemagglutinin/adhesin regions in gingipains of Porphyromonas gingivalis
Authors: Li Nan , Yun Peter , Jeffries Cy M. , Langley David , Gamsjaeger Roland , Church W. Bret , Hunter Neil , Collyer Charles A. 
Published: August 2011

SummaryHigh‐molecular‐weight arginine‐ and lysine‐specific (Kgp) gingipains are essential virulence factors expressed by the oral pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis. Haemagglutinin/adhesin (HA) regions of these proteases have been implicated in targeting catalytic domains to biological substrates and in other adhesive functions. We now report the crystal structure of the K3 adhesin domain/module of Kgp, which folds into the distinct β‐jelly roll sandwich topology previously observed for K2. A conserved structural feature of K3, previously observed in the Kgp K2 module, is the half‐way point anchoring of the surface exposed loops via an arginine residue found in otherwise highly variable sequences. Small‐angle X‐ray scattering data for the recombinant construct K1K2K3 confirmed a structure comprising a tandem repeat of three homologous modules, K1, K2 and K3 while also indicating an unusual ‘y’‐shape arrangement of the modules connected by variable linker sequences. Only the K2 and K3 modules and a K1K2 construct were observed to be potently haemolytic. K2, K3 and the K1K2 construct showed preferential recognition of haem‐albumin over albumin whereas only low affinity binding was detected for K1 and the K1K2K3 construct. The data indicate replication of some biological functions over the three adhesin domains of Kgp while other functions are restricted.
Yucca schidigera extract: a potential biofungicide against seedborne pathogens of sorghum
Authors: Wulff E. G. , Zida E. , Torp J. , Lund O. S. 
Published: August 2011

Treatment of seeds with an aqueous extract of yucca (YE), Yucca schidigera, was evaluated for antifungal activity against seedborne pathogens as well as its effect on seed germination and seedling growth of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor). The antifungal effect of YE was observed against Leptosphaeria sacchari (syn. Phoma sorghina) when the extract was applied at 2·5 and 10% concentrations. At 10% concentration, YE significantly reduced not only the incidence of L. sacchari, but also that of Fusarium spp., Cochliobolus lunatus (syn. Curvularia lunata) and Cladosporium spp. The effect of 10% YE on seedborne fungi was broader than the fungicide fludioxonil, particularly with regard to Fusarium. Furthermore, the number of normal, healthy‐looking seedlings increased in a dose‐responsive manner with YE treatment. Seedling vigour was also stimulated by YE but no correlation was observed with the concentrations tested. Under glasshouse conditions, the treatment of seeds with 10% YE increased the emergence of seedlings and plant height and reduced the number of seedlings with crown rot compared to negative controls and saponin. The positive effect was similar to the effect obtained with fungicide‐treated seeds. Treatment of seeds with synthetic saponin inhibited seedborne fungi less effectively and also negatively affected germination and vigour of the seedlings, compared to the treatment with YE. The results demonstrate an agronomic potential for the use of YE as a biofungicide for seed treatment of sorghum. The difference between the antifungal and the vigour‐stimulating effects of YE warrants further investigation.
Age‐matched Reference Values for B‐lymphocyte Subpopulations and CVID Classifications in Children
Authors: Schatorjé E. J. H. , Gemen E. F. A. , Driessen G. J. A. , Leuvenink J. , van Hout R. W. N. M. , van der Burg M. , de Vries E. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractAge‐matched reference values are generally presented with 5th and 95th percentiles as ‘normal’ reference range. However, they are mostly determined in relatively small groups, which renders this presentation inaccurate. We determined reference values for B‐lymphocyte subpopulations in healthy children with the statistical method of tolerance intervals that deals far better with the relatively small numbers tested, and compared these to the cut‐off values used in the currently used EUROclass classification for common variable immunodeficiency disorders (CVID) in children. CVID is a heterogeneous group of primary immunodeficiency diseases characterized by low serum immunoglobulin levels and inadequate response to vaccination. Disease‐modifying heterozygous amino acid substitutions in TACI are found in around ±10% of CVID patients. Interestingly, we found that age is the primary determinant of TACI‐expression on B‐lymphocytes, independent of switched memory B‐lymphocyte numbers. Immunophenotyping of B‐lymphocyte subpopulations is increasingly used to classify patients with CVID into subgroups with different clinical prognosis according to the composition of their B‐lymphocyte compartment. These classifications were mainly developed with data obtained in adults. Because of the maturing paediatric immune system, they may not be equally applicable in children: our and other age‐matched reference values show great changes in the composition of the B‐lymphocyte compartment during development. Although the greatest changes in B‐lymphocyte subpopulations occur below the age of 2 years, when the diagnosis of CVID cannot yet be made, it is likely that a classification developed in adults cannot be used to classify the prognosis of children.
Syncline‐topped anticlinal ridges from the High Atlas: a Moroccan conundrum, and inspiring structures from the Syrian Arc, Israel
Authors: Michard André , Ibouh Hassan , Charrière André 
Published: August 2011

Terra Nova, 23, 314–323, 2011AbstractWe question for the first time the origin of enigmatic structures, herein termed syncline‐topped anticlinal ridges (STARs). In the Central High Atlas (CHA) of Morocco, small synclines of Upper Palaeocene‐? Eocene deposits are only preserved on top of Triassic–Jurassic anticlinal ridges. We explain these peculiar structures through a three‐step evolution: (i) early halokinetic evolution leading to the formation of elongated diapiric ridges over basement faults, ending with magmatic intrusions and enhanced diapiric ascent up to the surface; (ii) Palaeocene‐? Eocene unconformable sedimentation; (iii) Late Eocene–Quaternary shortening phases, which resulted in the erosion of the Palaeocene‐? Early Eocene deposits, except in the breached anticlinal axes. The comparison with the breached valley (‘`makhteshim'’) of the Syrian Arc in the Negev Desert allows us to emphasize the role of the early diapiric evolution of the CHA domain in the genesis of the STAR structure.
Large‐Scale Integer Linear Programming for Orientation Preserving 3D Shape Matching
Authors: Windheuser Thomas , Schlickwei Ulrich , Schimdt Frank R. , Cremers Daniel 
Published: August 2011

AbstractWe study an algorithmic framework for computing an elastic orientation‐preserving matching of non‐rigid 3D shapes. We outline an Integer Linear Programming formulation whose relaxed version can be minimized globally in polynomial time. Because of the high number of optimization variables, the key algorithmic challenge lies in efficiently solving the linear program. We present a performance analysis of several Linear Programming algorithms on our problem. Furthermore, we introduce a multiresolution strategy which allows the matching of higher resolution models.