bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dose response of tramadol and its combination with paracetamol in UVB induced hyperalgesia
Authors: Ortner C.M. , Steiner I. , Margeta K. , Schulz M. , Gustorff B. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractCombining tramadol with paracetamol is an established analgesic treatment strategy. However, dosing and differential effects on peripheral and central hyperalgesia are still to be determined. After Ethics Committee approval, 32 volunteers have been included in this 2 phased, double blinded, placebo controlled, cross‐over study. A defined small skin area was irradiated with a UVB source inducing hyperalgesia. Twenty‐four hours after irradiation, heat pain‐, cold pain threshold (HPPT, CPPT), mechanical pain sensitivity to pin prick (MPS) in the area of pin prick hyperalgesia (AsH) and MPS in the sunburn were determined. In phase I, measurements have been repeated 30 min after receiving cumulative 0.3, 0.6 and 1 mg/kg of intravenous (i.v.) tramadol or active placebo. Only at 1 mg/kg tramadol and solely for MPS in the sunburn a reduction to placebo could be demonstrated (p = 0.024). Accordingly in phase II, the trial has been repeated using 1 mg/kg tramadol and paracetamol or placebo in a cumulative i.v. dose of 330, 660 and 990 mg. Now the addition of 330 mg paracetamol to tramadol reduced thermal hyperalgesia by 1.15 °C (CI 0.55; 1.76). This effect, however, did not increase with higher doses. Tramadol showed week anti‐hyperalgesia reducing CPPT, MPS and AsH compared to baseline measurements (p < 0.05). Paracetamol also reduced secondary hyperalgesia, but no combination effect with tramadol could be shown. We conclude, in inflammatory hyperalgesia tramadol alone exerts only weak anti‐hyperalgesia. Even adding a small dose paracetamol enhances thermal anti‐hyperalgesia.
A conservative method of testing whether combination analgesics produce additive or synergistic effects using evidence from acute pain and migraine
Authors: Moore R.A. , Derry C.J. , Derry S. , Straube S. , McQuay H.J. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractFixed‐dose combination analgesics are used widely, and available both on prescription and over‐the‐counter. Combination drugs should provide more analgesia than with any single drug in the combination, but there is no evidence in humans about whether oral combinations have just additive effects, or are synergistic or even subadditive. We suggest that the measured result for the combination would be the summation of the absolute benefit increase (effect of active drug minus effect of placebo) of each component of a combination if effects were (merely) additive, and greater than the sum of the absolute benefits if they were synergistic. We tested measured effects of combination analgesics against the sum of the absolute benefits in acute pain and migraine using meta‐analysis where individual components and combinations were tested against placebo in the same trials, and verified the result with meta‐analyses where individual components and combinations were tested against placebo in different trials. Results showed that expected numbers needed to treat (NNT) for additive effects were generally within the 95% confidence interval of measured NNTs. This was true for combinations of paracetamol plus ibuprofen and paracetamol plus opioids in acute pain, and naproxen plus sumatriptan in migraine, but not where efficacy was very low or very high, nor combinations of paracetamol plus dextropropoxyphene. There was no evidence of synergy, defined as supra‐additive effects.
Physical illnesses, developmental risk factors and psychiatric diagnoses among subjects at risk of psychosis
Authors: Korkeila J. , Salokangas R.K.R. , Heinimaaa M. , Svirskis T. , Laine T. , Ruhrmann S. , von Reventlow H. , Juckel G. , Linszen D. , Birchwood M. , Klosterkötter J. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBackgroundSubjects with psychoses have significantly increased rates of physical illnesses, but the nature of the relationship remains largely unknown.Material and methodsThe present study is part of the European Prediction of Psychosis Study (EPOS). Data were collected from 245 help-seeking individuals from six European centers (age 16–35) who met criteria for ultra-high risk of psychosis criteria. This paper seeks to investigate self-reported physical ill health and its associations with psychiatric symptoms and disorders, risk factors, and onset of psychosis during 48 months of follow-up.ResultsIn multivariate analysis, lifetime panic disorder (OR = 2.43, 95%CI: 1.03–5.73), known complications during pregnancy and delivery (OR = 2.81, 95%CI: 1.10–7.15), female gender (OR = 2.88, 95%CI: 1.16–7.17), family history of psychosis (OR = 3.08, 95%CI: 1.18–8.07), and having a relationship (OR = 3.44, 95%CI: 1.33–8.94) were significantly associated with self-reported physician-diagnosed illness. In the Cox proportional hazard model we found no significant differences between those who had undergone a transition to psychosis and those who had not.ConclusionsThe physical health of patients defined to be at ultra-high risk of psychosis seems to be commonly impaired and associated with female gender, marital status, complications during pregnancy and birth, lifetime panic disorder, and genetic risk of psychosis.
Gender Differences in the Sensitivity to Negative Stimuli: Cross-Modal Affective Priming Study
Authors: Gohier B. , Senior C. , Brittain P.J. , Lounes N. , El-Hage W. , Law V. , Phillips M.L. , Surguladze S.A. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBackgroundThere is evidence showing that men and women differ with regard to the processing of emotional information. However, the mechanisms behind these differences are not fully understood.MethodThe sample comprised of 275 (167 female) right-handed, healthy participants, recruited from the community. We employed a customized affective priming task, which consisted of three subtests, differing in the modality of the prime (face, written word, and sound). The targets were always written words of either positive or negative valence. The priming effect was measured as reaction time facilitation in conditions where both prime and target were emotional (of the same positive or negative valence) compared with conditions where the emotional targets were preceded by neutral primes.ResultsThe priming effect was observed across all three modalities, with an interaction of gender by valence: the priming effect in the emotionally negative condition in male participants was stronger compared with females. This was accounted for by the differential priming effect within the female group where priming was significantly smaller in the emotionally negative conditions compared with the positive conditions. The male participants revealed a comparable priming effect across both the emotionally negative and positive conditions.ConclusionReduced priming in negative conditions in women may reflect interference processes due to greater sensitivity to negative valence of stimuli. This in turn could underlie the gender-related differences in susceptibility to emotional disorders.
Prenatal exposure to restraint or predator stresses attenuates field excitatory postsynaptic potentials in infant rats
Authors: Saboory Ehsan , Ahmadzadeh Ramin , Roshan‐Milani Shiva 
Published: September 2011

AbstractExposure to stress is known to change synaptic plasticity and results in long‐term depression; further, this stress precipitates seizures. In the study described here, the prenatal restraint and predator stress models were used to test the hypothesis that indirect prenatal stresses influence hippocampal synaptic potentiation and may affect seizures susceptibility in infant rats. Pregnant female Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups: control, restraint‐stressed, and predator‐stressed groups. Both stressed groups were exposed to the stressor on gestation days 15, 16, and 17. The restraint stress involved 1‐h sessions twice daily in a Plexiglas tube and the predator stress involved 2‐h sessions once daily in a cage placed within the visual range of a caged cat. Blood corticosterone (COS) levels were measured in different time points. Hippocampal slices were prepared and field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSP) were studied on postnatal day 15. Pilocarpine was administered on postnatal day 25 and mortality rates were measured after 2 and 24 h. Restraint and predator stresses resulted in significantly elevated COS blood levels in dams and pups. Both the amplitude and slope of fEPSP in the CA1 area decreased significantly in the stressed groups as compared to the control. Prenatal restraint and predator stresses significantly increased the fatal effect of pilocarpine at 24 h after injection. Exposure to prenatal stresses and COS blood levels elevation reduce hippocampal synaptic potentiation and increase mortality rate of seizure in infant rats and may affect on later seizure susceptibility and prognosis.
Treadmill training induces plasticity in spinal motoneurons and sciatic nerve after sensorimotor restriction during early postnatal period: New insights into the clinical approach for children with cerebral palsy
Authors: Stigger Felipe , do Nascimento Patrícia S. , Dutra Márcio F. , Couto Gabriela K. , Ilha Jocemar , Achaval Matilde , Marcuzzo Simone 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to investigate whether locomotor stimulation training could have beneficial effects on the morphometric alterations of spinal cord and sciatic nerve consequent to sensorimotor restriction (SR). Male Wistar rats were exposed to SR from postnatal day 2 (P2) to P28. Control and experimental rats underwent locomotor stimulation training in a treadmill for three weeks (from P31 to P52). The cross‐sectional area (CSA) of spinal motoneurons innervating hind limb muscles was determined. Both fiber and axonal CSA of myelinated fibers were also assessed. The growth‐related increase in CSA of motoneurons in the SR group was less than controls. After SR, the mean motoneuron soma size was reduced with an increase in the proportion of motoneurons with a soma size of between 0 and 800 μm2. The changes in soma size of motoneurons were accompanied by a reduction in the mean fiber and axon CSA of sciatic nerve. The soma size of motoneurons was reestablished at the end of the training period reaching controls level. Our results suggest that SR during early postnatal life retards the growth‐related increase in the cell body size of motoneurons in spinal cord and the development of sciatic nerve. Additionally, three weeks of locomotor stimulation using a treadmill seems to have a beneficial effect on motoneurons’ soma size.
The IKEA effect: When labor leads to love
Authors: Norton Michael I. , Mochon Daniel , Ariely Dan 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIn four studies in which consumers assembled IKEA boxes, folded origami, and built sets of Legos, we demonstrate and investigate boundary conditions for the IKEA effect—the increase in valuation of self‐made products. Participants saw their amateurish creations as similar in value to experts' creations, and expected others to share their opinions. We show that labor leads to love only when labor results in successful completion of tasks; when participants built and then destroyed their creations, or failed to complete them, the IKEA effect dissipated. Finally, we show that labor increases valuation for both “do‐it‐yourselfers” and novices.
Revisiting the arcs of integration: Cross‐validations and extensions
Authors: Schoenherr Tobias , Swink Morgan 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThis paper revisits Frohlich and Westbrook's arcs of integration concept [Arcs of integration: an international study of supply chain strategies. Journal of Operations Management 2001, 19 (2) pp. 185–200]. Using survey responses from 403 supply chain professionals, we compare the arcs of integration group memberships generated with our sample to the original study, rationalize the classification scheme, and assess the impact of supply chain integration strategies on quality, delivery, flexibility and cost performance. In doing so we cross‐validate Frohlich and Westbrook's framework with a more recent and broader sample of data utilizing multi‐dimensional performance measures collected from supply chain managers. We ground these relationships in the relational and resource‐based views of the firm. We also extend Frohlich and Westbrook's study by investigating the moderating role of internal integration on the relationships between arcs of integration and performance. In accordance with information processing theory, the results indicate that internal integration strengthens the positive impacts of external integration on both delivery and flexibility performance. However, the theory is not supported for either quality or cost performance. Overall, our study confirms and extends the work of Frohlich and Westbrook, augments theories used to describe supply chain integration efforts, and provides practical implications for managers.
Thermal welding versus cold knife tonsillectomy: A prospective randomized study
Authors: Yilmaz Metin , Duzlu Mehmet , Catli Tolgahan , Ustun Selin , Ceylan Alper 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThis is a prospective randomized study conducted in a group of children who underwent two methods of tonsillectomy: thermal welding or cold knife tonsillectomy. Parameters, such as postoperative pain scores, intraoperative blood loss, operation time, and postoperative bleeding rates, were analyzed to find out which technique is better. Ninety‐one children (aged between 2 years and 13 years) with recurrent tonsillitis, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, or both were included in the study. According to the type of tonsillectomy procedure, the patients were divided into two groups: cold knife and thermal welding procedure. The two groups were compared on the basis of postoperative pain scores, intraoperative blood loss, operation time, and postoperative bleeding. Fifty‐seven patients underwent thermal welding tonsillectomy and 34 had cold knife tonsillectomy. The mean pain score in thermal welding group was significantly lower (p < 0.001). There was no remarkable blood loss intraoperatively in the thermal welding procedure. The operation time was not significantly different between two groups. No postoperative bleeding was encountered in the thermal welding group. Compared with the cold knife technique, thermal welding was found to be a relatively new and safe technique for tonsillectomy as it results in significantly less postoperative pain and no remarkable blood loss.
HIV‐negative disseminated Kaposi's sarcoma in a Taiwanese patient
Authors: Huang Chiung‐Tang , Chang Chao‐Sung , Maa Hung‐Chune , Cho Shih‐Feng , Liu Ta‐Chih 
Published: September 2011

AbstractKaposi's sarcoma is a common malignancy associated with HIV/AIDS. Herein, we describe the case of a 26‐year‐old man who presented with bilateral neck and inguinal lymphadenopathy, a massive tumor on the gum, and a nodule over the left eye. A series of tests, including tumor biopsies, were performed, and disseminated Kaposi's sarcoma with human herpesvirus 8 infection was diagnosed. To test for HIV, we used enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and real‐time polymerase chain reaction, but the results were negative. The patient was treated by biweekly intravenous infusion of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (25 mg/m2), and this treatment resulted in a partial response.
Enterococcus hirae‐related acute pyelonephritis and cholangitis with bacteremia: An unusual infection in humans
Authors: Chan Tze‐Sian , Wu Min‐Shung , Suk Fat‐Moon , Chen Chun‐Nan , Chen Yung‐Fa , Hou Yen‐Hui , Lien Gi‐Shih 
Published: September 2011

AbstractVery few reports are available from the literature related to Enterococcus hirae infection in humans, which is more frequently seen in animals and birds. We report two patients with E hirae bacteremia caused by acute pyelonephritis and acute cholangitis. The clinical courses have been smooth on use of sensitive antibiotic therapy. In both cases, the primary sources and portals of entry are clearly identified.
The Effects of High- and Low-Dose Aspirin on Thermoregulation During and After Acute Cold Exposure
Authors: Murray Leigh K. , Otterstetter Ronald , Muller Matthew D. , Glickman Ellen L. 
Published: September 2011

Objective To explore the effect of aspirin on the thermoregulatory responses of men during exposure to 12°C air (acute cold exposure) for a period of 120 minutes and recovery in 25°C air (rewarming) for 120 minutes. Methods Seven male subjects (26.1 ± 2.4 yr) underwent pre-experimental testing to determine peak VO2 and body composition. Participants underwent 3 trials in which they ingested the following for 1 week prior to each experimental trial: a capsule filled with cellulose (placebo), 81 mg  ·  day−1 of aspirin (low-dose aspirin), or 650 mg  ·  day−1 of aspirin (high-dose aspirin). Each trial consisted of a 30-minute baseline period, 120 minutes of exposure to 12°C air, and 120 minutes of recovery in 25°C air. Mean skin temperature and rectal temperature (Tre) were measured, and heat production was calculated. Results During both acute cold exposure and rewarming, analysis of variance revealed a main effect for time ( P < .05) with respect to Tre, mean skin temperature, and heat production. However, there were no significant differences between the treatments or treatment by time interactions. Conclusions These data demonstrate that aspirin had no significant effect on the thermal and metabolic responses during acute cold exposure and rewarming.
Resolving the controversy on the glass transition temperature of water?
Authors: Capaccioli S. , Ngai K. L. 
Published: September 2011

We consider experimental data on the dynamics of water (1) in glass-forming aqueous mixtures with glass transition temperature Tg approaching the putative Tg = 136 K of water from above and below, (2) in confined spaces of nanometer in size, and (3) in the bulk at temperatures above the homogeneous nucleation temperature. Altogether, the considered relaxation times from the data range nearly over 15 decades from 10−12 to 103 s. Assisted by the various features in the isothermal spectra and theoretical interpretation, these considerations enable us to conclude that relaxation of un-crystallized water is highly non-cooperative. The exponent βK of its Kohlrausch stretched exponential correlation function is not far from having the value of one, and hence the deviation from exponential time decay is slight. Albeit the temperature dependence of its α-relaxation time being non-Arrhenius, the corresponding Tg-scaled temperature dependence has small steepness index m, likely less than 44 at Tg, and hence water is not “‘fragile” as a glassformer. The separation in time scale of the α- and the β-relaxations is small at Tg, becomes smaller at higher temperatures, and they merge together shortly above Tg. From all these properties and by inference, water is highly non-cooperative as a glass-former, it has short cooperative length-scale, and possibly smaller configurational entropy and change of heat capacity at Tg compared with other organic glass-formers. This conclusion is perhaps unsurprising because water is the smallest molecule. Our deductions from the data rule out that the Tg of water is higher than 160 K, and suggest that it is close to the traditional value of 136 K.
Revisiting the negative example sampling problem for predicting protein–protein interactions
Authors: Park Yungki , Marcotte Edward M. 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
Motivation: A number of computational methods have been proposed that predict protein–protein interactions (PPIs) based on protein sequence features. Since the number of potential non-interacting protein pairs (negative PPIs) is very high both in absolute terms and in comparison to that of interacting protein pairs (positive PPIs), computational prediction methods rely upon subsets of negative PPIs for training and validation. Hence, the need arises for subset sampling for negative PPIs.
Results: We clarify that there are two fundamentally different types of subset sampling for negative PPIs. One is subset sampling for cross-validated testing, where one desires unbiased subsets so that predictive performance estimated with them can be safely assumed to generalize to the population level. The other is subset sampling for training, where one desires the subsets that best train predictive algorithms, even if these subsets are biased. We show that confusion between these two fundamentally different types of subset sampling led one study recently published in Bioinformatics to the erroneous conclusion that predictive algorithms based on protein sequence features are hardly better than random in predicting PPIs. Rather, both protein sequence features and the ‘hubbiness’ of interacting proteins contribute to effective prediction of PPIs. We provide guidance for appropriate use of random versus balanced sampling.
Availability: The datasets used for this study are available at http://www.marcottelab.org/PPINegativeDataSampling.
Contact: yungki@mail.utexas.edu; marcotte@icmb.utexas.edu
Supplementary Information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Arabidopsis HsfB1 and HsfB2b Act as Repressors of the Expression of Heat-Inducible Hsfs But Positively Regulate the Acquired Thermotolerance
Authors: Ikeda Miho , Mitsuda Nobutaka , Ohme-Takagi Masaru 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
Many eukaryotes have from one to three heat shock factors (Hsfs), but plants have more than 20 Hsfs, designated class A, B, and C. Class A Hsfs are activators of transcription, but details of the roles of individual Hsfs have not been fully characterized. We show here that Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) HsfB1 and HsfB2b, members of class B, are transcriptional repressors and negatively regulate the expression of heat-inducible Hsfs (HsfA2, HsfA7a, HsfB1, and HsfB2b) and several heat shock protein genes. In hsfb1 hsfb2b double mutant plants, the expression of a large number of heat-inducible genes was enhanced in the non-heat condition (23°C) and the plants exhibited slightly higher heat tolerance at 42°C than the wild type, similar to Pro35S:HsfA2 plants. In addition, under extended heat stress conditions, expression of the heat-inducible Hsf genes remained consistently higher in hsfb1 hsfb2b than in the wild type. These data indicate that HsfB1 and HsfB2b suppress the general heat shock response under non-heat-stress conditions and in the attenuating period. On the other hand, HsfB1 and HsfB2b appear to be necessary for the expression of heat stress-inducible heat shock protein genes under heat stress conditions, which is necessary for acquired thermotolerance. We show that the heat stress response is finely regulated by activation and repression activities of Hsfs in Arabidopsis.