bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disabled children and adolescents may be outsiders in the community
Authors: Fägerskiöld A.M. , Mattsson G. Glad 
Published: September 2010

FÄGERSKIÖLD A.M. & MATTSSON G. Glad (2010) Disabled children and adolescents may be outsiders in the community. International Nursing ReviewBackground:  Most children with neurogenic bladder and bowel dysfunctions suffer from myelomeningocele and shunted hydrocephalus. Fewer such births and better treatment have led to more children reaching adulthood. Increased knowledge about their lived experiences can direct support to help them.Aim:  The study aims to investigate how children and adolescents aged between 10 and 18 years old with neurogenic bladder and bowel dysfunction live their everyday life.Methods:  Hermeneutic phenomenology was appropriate to investigate the participants' experiences in depth. Thirteen qualitative interviews were analysed by coding line‐by‐line in order to find the essence and themes that underpin their responses.Findings:  The major theme being an outsider in the community, was built upon the themes, constraint and togetherness. Constraint was caused by their need for regular clean intermittent catheterization, bowel movement, aids and assistance from others, which identified a participant as being an outsider. They were only partially outsiders because they were inside the community and they enjoyed togetherness in their everyday life from their families, peers and other significant people. They appeared to be rather unaware of their problems.Limitations:  The wide range of participants' ages was a limitation, as these young people develop a great deal between these ages; in order to guarantee confidentiality, the participants were too few to divide into groups.Conclusions:  These young people would be helped if supported more towards independence by people inside their circle. Today, support is usually given by personal assistants and by the use of advanced techniques. Less support is given for development towards independence. Competent health‐care professionals working together with the parents should have the opportunity to provide such valuable support.
This article has been retracted and is available online only: Religion, culture and male involvement in the use of family planning: evidence from Enugu and Katsina States of Nigeria
Authors: Ujuju C. , Anyanti J. , Adebayo S.B. , Muhammad F. , Oluigbo O. , Gofwan A. 
Published: September 2010

RetractionThe following article from the International Nursing Review, ‘Religion, culture and male involvement in the use of family planning: evidence from Enugu and Katsina States of Nigeria’, by C. Ujuju, J. Anyanti, S.B. Adebayo, F. Muhammad, O. Oluigbo and A. Gofwan, published online on 6 September 2010 on Wiley Online Library (http://wileyonlinelibrary.com) has been retracted by agreement between the authors, the journal Editor in Chief, Jane J.A. Robinson and Blackwell Publishing Ltd. The retraction has been agreed as not all copyright permissions had been cleared.Jane J.A RobinsonEditor International Nursing Review
Biological motion preference in humans at birth: role of dynamic and configural properties
Authors: Bardi Lara , Regolin Lucia , Simion Francesca 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe present study addresses the hypothesis that detection of biological motion is an intrinsic capacity of the visual system guided by a non‐species‐specific predisposition for the pattern of vertebrate movement and investigates the role of global vs. local information in biological motion detection. Two‐day‐old babies exposed to a biological motion point‐light display (depicting a walking hen) and a non‐biological motion display (a rotating rigid object) preferentially looked at the biological display (Experiment 1). A new group of newborns showed themselves to be capable of discriminating, following habituation, a biological motion display from a spatially scrambled version of it (Experiment 2). However, a third group of newborns, at their first exposure to such displays, did not show any preference between them (Experiment 3). Results confirm and extend previous comparative and developmental data, supporting an inborn predisposition to attend to biological motion in humans. This ability is presumably part of an evolutionarily ancient and non‐species‐specific system predisposing animals to preferentially attend to other animals.
Neural correlates of action observation and execution in 14‐month‐old infants: an event‐related EEG desynchronization study
Authors: Marshall Peter J. , Young Thomas , Meltzoff Andrew N. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThere is increasing interest in neurobiological methods for investigating the shared representation of action perception and production in early development. We explored the extent and regional specificity of EEG desynchronization in the infant alpha frequency range (6–9 Hz) during action observation and execution in 14‐month‐old infants. Desynchronization during execution was restricted to central electrode sites, while action observation was associated with a broader desynchronization across frontal, central, and parietal regions. The finding of regional specificity in the overlap between EEG responses to action execution and observation suggests that the rhythm seen in the 6–9 Hz range over central sites in infancy shares certain properties with the adult mu rhythm. The magnitude of EEG desynchronization to action perception and production appears to be smaller for infants than for adults and older children, suggesting developmental change in this measure.
Best practice principles for community‐based obesity prevention: development, content and application
Authors: King L. , Gill T. , Allender S. , Swinburn B. 
Published: September 2010

SummaryBest practice in obesity prevention has generally been defined in terms of ‘what’ needs to be done while neglecting ‘how’. A multifaceted definition of best practice, which combines available evidence on what actions to take, with an established process for interpreting this information in a specific community context, provides a more appropriate basis for defining the principles of best practice in community‐based obesity prevention. Based on analysis of a range of literature, a preliminary set of principles was drafted and progressively revised through further analyses of published literature and a series of consultations. The framework for best practice principles comprises: community engagement, programme design and planning, evaluation, implementation and sustainability, and governance. Specific principles were formulated within this framework. While many principles were generic, distinctive features of obesity prevention were also covered. The engagement of end‐users influenced the design of the formatting of the outputs, which represent three levels of knowledge transfer: detailed evidence summaries, guiding questions for programme planners and a briefer set of questions for simpler communication purposes. The best practice principles provide a valuable mechanism for the translation of existing evidence and experience into the decision‐making processes for planning, implementing and evaluating the complex community‐based interventions needed for successful obesity prevention.
The membrane receptors guanylyl cyclase‐A and ‐B undergo distinctive changes in post‐translational modification during brain development
Authors: Müller Dieter , Hildebrand Mirjam , Lübberstedt Jörn , Kuhn Michaela , Middendorff Ralf 
Published: September 2010

J. Neurochem. (2010) 115, 1024–1034.AbstractTemporal carbohydrate expression patterns at cell surfaces are thought to be of crucial regulatory significance during developmental processes. Hitherto, however, data on individual membrane proteins undergoing development‐associated changes in glycosylation are sparsely. Here, we show that the two natriuretic peptide receptors, guanylyl cyclase‐A (GC‐A) and GC‐B are subject to pronounced size alterations in the rat brain between postnatal day 1 and adult. Comparable size changes were not detectable for GC‐A and GC‐B in peripheral tissues and for three other membrane proteins (insulin receptor, insulin‐like growth factor‐II/mannose‐6‐phoshate receptor, neutral endopeptidase) in brain, indicating remarkable specificity. As revealed by treatments with carbohydrate‐digesting enzymes, both GC‐A and GC‐B are hyperglycosylated at N‐linked glycosylation sites in the developing brain. At postnatal day 1, the vast majority of GC‐B (but not GC‐A) molecules contain additionally an O‐linked carbohydrate modification of about 1 kDa in mass and a further modification of similar size which is resistant to enzymatic removal. The glycoforms exhibited functional activity in membrane GC assays, indicating proper folding and signaling capability. These data link recently reported roles of natriuretic peptides during brain development for the first time with specific glycosylation states of their cyclic GMP‐generating receptors.
Regulation of protein kinase C Apl II by serotonin receptors in Aplysia
Authors: Nagakura Ikue , Dunn Tyler W. , Farah Carole Abi , Heppner Andrew , Li Flora F. , Sossin Wayne S. 
Published: September 2010

J. Neurochem. (2010) 115, 994–1006.AbstractSerotonin (5‐hydroxytryptamine, 5HT) is the neurotransmitter that mediates dishabituation in Aplysia. Serotonin mediates this behavioral change through the reversal of synaptic depression in sensory neurons (SNs). However, the 5HT receptors present in SNs and in particular, the receptor important for activation of protein kinase C (PKC) have not been fully identified. Using a recent genome assembly of Aplysia, we identified new receptors from the 5HT2, 5HT4, and 5HT7 families. Using RT‐PCR from isolated SNs, we found that three 5HT receptors, 5HT1Apl(a), 5HT2Apl, and 5HT7Apl were expressed in SNs. These receptors were cloned and expressed in a heterologous system. In this system, 5HT2Apl could significantly translocate PKC Apl II in response to 5HT and this was blocked by pirenperone, a 5HT2 receptor antagonist. Surprisingly, pirenperone did not block 5HT‐mediated translocation of PKC Apl II in SNs, nor 5HT‐mediated reversal of depression. Expression of 5HT1Apl(a) in SNs or genistein, an inhibitor of tyrosine kinases inhibited both PKC translocation and reversal of depression. These results suggest a non‐canonical mechanism for the translocation of PKC Apl II in SNs.
Carbonylated proteins are eliminated during reproduction in C. elegans
Authors: Goudeau Jérôme , Aguilaniu Hugo 
Published: September 2010

SummaryOxidatively damaged proteins accumulate with age in many species (Stadtman (1992) Science257, 1220–1224). This means that damage must be reset at the time of reproduction. To visualize this resetting in the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans, a novel immunofluorescence technique that allows the detection of carbonylated proteins in situ was developed. The application of this technique revealed that carbonylated proteins are eliminated during C. elegans reproduction. This purging occurs abruptly within the germline at the time of oocyte maturation. Surprisingly, the germline was markedly more oxidized than the surrounding somatic tissues. Because distinct mechanisms have been proposed to explain damage elimination in yeast and mice (Aguilaniu et al. (2003) Science299, 1751–1753; Hernebring et al. (2006) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA103, 7700–7705), possible common mechanisms between worms and one of these systems were tested. The results show that, unlike in yeast (Aguilaniu et al. (2003) Science299, 1751–1753; Erjavec et al. (2008) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA105, 18764–18769), the elimination of carbonylated proteins in worms does not require the presence of the longevity‐ensuring gene, SIR‐2.1. However, similar to findings in mice (Hernebring et al. (2006) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA103, 7700–7705), proteasome activity in the germline is required for the resetting of carbonylated proteins during reproduction in C. elegans. Thus, oxidatively damaged proteins are eliminated during reproduction in worms through the proteasome. This finding suggests that the resetting of damaged proteins during reproduction is conserved, therefore validating the use of C. elegans as a model to study the molecular basis of damage elimination.
Estimating a Primal Model of Regional Crop Supply in the European Union
Authors: Jansson Torbjörn , Heckelei Thomas 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThis article estimates behavioural parameters of the quadratic regional supply models in the modelling system CAPRI. Using the time‐series data in the CAPRI database, we directly estimate the optimality conditions using a Bayesian highest posterior density estimator. After discarding regions with insufficient data, parameters for up to 23 crop production activities with related inputs, outputs, prices and behavioural functions are estimated for 219 regions in EU‐27. The results are systematically compared with the outcomes of other studies. For crop aggregates (e.g. cereals, oilseeds, etc.) at the national level, the estimated own price elasticities of supply are found to be in a plausible range. On a regional level and for individual crops, the picture is much more diverse. As far as we know, there is no other study of similar regional and product coverage.
Asset versus consumption poverty and poverty dynamics in rural Ethiopia
Authors: Liverpool‐Tasie Lenis Saweda O. , Winter‐Nelson Alex 
Published: September 2010

AbstractSeveral studies have shown conceptually that assets form a more robust basis for identifying the poor than do flow variables like expenditures or income. Asset‐based poverty classification can be used to distinguish structural from stochastic poverty and can enable projection of poverty dynamics through time. Nonetheless, little work has empirically compared poverty measurement based on assets and expenditures to indicate the practical implications of the choice of poverty measure. This article uses panel data (between 1994 and 2004) from Ethiopia to generate asset‐ and expenditures‐based poverty classifications. Asset dynamics are then explored to test for the existence of multiple asset index equilibria that could constitute evidence of poverty traps. Results provide evidence of multiple equilibria and show that the asset‐based poverty classifications predict future asset and expenditures poverty status more accurately than expenditures‐based measures. The findings confirm that the asset‐based measure could be used to more carefully target poverty interventions.
An otolith microchemistry study of possible relationships between the origins of leptocephali of European eels in the Sargasso Sea and the continental destinations and relative migration success of glass eels
Authors: Martin J. , Daverat F. , Pécheyran C. , Als T. D. , Feunteun E. , Réveillac E. 
Published: September 2010

Martin J, Daverat F, Pécheyran C, Als TD, Feunteun E, Réveillac E. An otolith microchemistry study of possible relationships between the origins of leptocephali of European eels in the Sargasso Sea and the continental destinations and relative migration success of glass eels. Ecology of Freshwater Fish 2010: 19: 627–637. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/SAbstract –  Little is known about the extent to which Atlantic eels coming from different European rivers converge on the same spawning site. Our aim was to evaluate the spatial homogeneity of eel spawning area(s) with an otolith microchemistry approach. This work compared the elemental signatures of otolith’s core region of Anguilla anguilla leptocephali caught in the Sargasso Sea in 2007 with those of glass eels and elvers sampled in European estuaries during 2006, 2008 and 2009. Using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, the same annular ablation trajectory along the first feeding mark was applied on otoliths of glass eels, elvers and leptocephali. The concentrations of thirteen isotopes in the otoliths of glass eels/elvers did not vary among three annual cohorts collected in eleven European locations. However, otolith elemental fingerprints of leptocephali differed significantly from glass eels otolith’s signature. Although the mechanisms that regulate the differences in trace element signatures among leptocephali and glass eels/elvers are unknown, we propose that the sampled glass eels/elvers were born in a spawning site or region where favourable transport and/or feeding conditions occurred. Conversely, the leptocephali may have been sampled in a less favourable region in the Sargasso Sea, with a low probability of reaching continental growth areas.
Effectiveness of mechanical tongue cleaning on breath odour and tongue coating: a systematic review
Authors: Van der Sleen MI , Slot DE , Van Trijffel E , Winkel EG , Van der Weijden GA 
Published: September 2010

To cite this article:

Int J Dent Hygiene 8, 2010; 258–268 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601‐5037.2010.00479.x Van der Sleen MI, Slot DE, Van Trijffel E, Winkel EG, Van der Weijden GA. Effectiveness of mechanical tongue cleaning on breath odour and tongue coating: a systematic review.Abstract:  Background:  The objective of this review was to summarize the available evidence regarding the effects of mechanical tongue cleaning compared with no mechanical tongue cleaning on breath odour and tongue coating (TC).Methods:  PubMed‐MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane‐CENTRAL were searched to identify potentially relevant studies. The inclusion criteria included the following: randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) or controlled clinical trials (CCTs) conducted in humans in good general health (no systemic disorders) and a patient age of ≥17 years. For the intervention, we considered tongue cleaning [the use of a tongue scraper (TS) or tongue brush (TB)] and for the control, brushing only (B) groups. Clinical parameters such as volatile sulphur compound concentration, organoleptic scores and TC were the outcome variables of interest. Study selection, quality assessment and data extraction were carried out by two independent reviewers.Results:  After screening of the titles and abstracts and subsequent full text reading of the potential papers, we identified five publications that met the eligibility criteria and provided seven experiments. The five studies consisted of three RCTs and two CCTs. All experiments show a positive effect of mechanical tongue cleaning in addition to toothbrushing on various parameters of oral malodour.Conclusions:  This review demonstrated that mechanical approaches, such as tongue brushing or tongue scraping to clean the dorsum of the tongue, have the potential to successfully reduce breath odour and TC. However, data concerning the effect of mechanical tongue cleaning on chronic oral malodour (halitosis) are insufficient.
Expression of cholinesterases in human kidney and its variation in renal cell carcinoma types
Authors: Muñoz‐Delgado Encarnación , Montenegro María Fernanda , Campoy Francisco Javier , Moral‐Naranjo María Teresa , Cabezas‐Herrera Juan , Kovacs Gyula , Vidal Cecilio J. 
Published: September 2010

Despite the aberrant expression of cholinesterases in tumours, the question of their possible contribution to tumorigenesis remains unsolved. The identification in kidney of a cholinergic system has paved the way to functional studies, but details on renal cholinesterases are still lacking. To fill the gap and to determine whether cholinesterases are abnormally expressed in renal tumours, paired pieces of normal kidney and renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) were compared for cholinesterase activity and mRNA levels. In studies with papillary RCC (pRCC), conventional RCC, chromophobe RCC, and renal oncocytoma, acetylcholinesterase activity increased in pRCC (3.92 ± 3.01 mU·mg−1, P = 0.031) and conventional RCC (2.64 ± 1.49 mU·mg−1, P = 0.047) with respect to their controls (1.52 ± 0.92 and 1.57 ± 0.44 mU·mg−1). Butyrylcholinesterase activity increased in pRCC (5.12 ± 2.61 versus 2.73 ± 1.15 mU·mg−1, P = 0.031). Glycosylphosphatidylinositol‐linked acetylcholinesterase dimers and hydrophilic butyrylcholinesterase tetramers predominated in control and cancerous kidney. Acetylcholinesterase mRNAs with exons E1c and E1e, 3′‐alternative T, H and R acetylcholinesterase mRNAs and butyrylcholinesterase mRNA were identified in kidney. The levels of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase mRNAs were nearly 1000‐fold lower in human kidney than in colon. Whereas kidney and renal tumours showed comparable levels of acetylcholinesterase mRNA, the content of butyrylcholinesterase mRNA was increased 10‐fold in pRCC. The presence of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase mRNAs in kidney supports their synthesis in the organ itself, and the prevalence of glycosylphosphatidylinositol‐anchored acetylcholinesterase explains the splicing to acetylcholinesterase‐H mRNA. The consequences of butyrylcholinesterase upregulation for pRCC growth are discussed.Structured digital abstract
MINT‐7992181: BuChE (uniprotkb:P06276) and BuChE (uniprotkb:P06276) bind (MI:0407) by chromatography technology (MI:0091)
MINT‐7992175: AChE (uniprotkb:P22303) and AChE (uniprotkb:P22303) bind (MI:0407) by chromatography technology (MI:0091)
The cobordism group of homology cylinders
Authors: Cha Jae Choon , Friedl Stefan , Kim Taehee 
Published: September 2010

AbstractGaroufalidis and Levine introduced the homology cobordism group of homology cylinders over a surface. This group can be regarded as an enlargement of the mapping class group. Using torsion invariants, we show that the abelianization of this group is infinitely generated provided that the first Betti number of the surface is positive. In particular, this shows that the group is not perfect. This answers questions of Garoufalidis and Levine, and Goda and Sakasai. Furthermore, we show that the abelianization of the group has infinite rank for the case that the surface has more than one boundary component. These results also hold for the homology cylinder analogue of the Torelli group.