bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MINOCA, experience of a single tertiary center with a high volume of ACS
Authors: Dibra L , Zaimi G , Pavli E , Gjergo H , Gjana A , Kristo A , Katana E , Tafaj E , Kastrati A , Dibra A 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
None.

Introduction
Myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) is a clinical entity for which there is limited evidence regarding the clinical data and prognosis.

Purpose
To evaluate epidemiological and clinical characteristics as well as short-term outcomes of patients with MINOCA presented at a university hospital center with high volume percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods
We evaluated 1035 consecutive patients admitted to our hospital with acute myocardial infarction from June 2022 to January 2023 who underwent invasive evaluation. In-hospital and follow-up data after 30 and 90 days were collected. Primary endpoint was occurrence of a major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular event (composite of cardiovascular death, cerebrovascular accident, re-hospitalization for non-fatal myocardial infarction, re-hospitalization for heart failure, malignant ventricular arrhythmia). Secondary endpoints were improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction and angina status at 30 and 90 days follow-up.

Results
Among patients presented with acute myocardial infarction, 8.5% (88 patients) were diagnosed with MINOCA. Mean age was 60.9 years and 61.4% were females. Arterial hypertension was present in 86.4%, hypercholesterolemia in 38.6%, diabetes in 12.5% of the patients. Smokers were 29.5% of them. During hospitalization 14.7% had a major adverse cardiovascular event, cardiovascular death occurred in 1.1%, cerebrovascular accident in 1.1%, acute heart failure in 12.5% and malignant ventricular arrhythmia in 1.1%. Primary endpoint at 30 and 90 days follow-up occurred in 10.3% and 13.7% respectively. At 30 days follow-up there was no cardiovascular death, cerebrovascular accident or malignant ventricular arrhythmia; re-hospitalization for MI was 5.7% and re-hospitalization for heart failure was 4.6%. At 90 days follow-up there was no cardiovascular death, cerebrovascular accident or malignant ventricular arrhythmia; re-hospitalization for MI occurred in 8%, re-hospitalization for heart failure in 5.7%. In regard to secondary endpoints, 24.1% experienced angina, while at 30 days and 90 days follow, 66.7% and 72.2% respectively had improvement of left ventricle EF.

Conclusions
In our study we found a high incidence of MINOCA affecting more frequently female patients. Angina at short term follow up was frequently recorded among out study population.
Acute kidney injury in patients with acute coronary syndrome - risk profile
Authors: Bogevska-Naumovska I , Vraynko E , Dobjani A , Shehu E , Taravari H , Andova V , Pejkov H , Vavlukis M , Pocesta B 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
None.

Introduction
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a strong predictor of in-hospital adverse outcomes, which is a common complication of acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Aim
To analyse the risk profile of patients treated for acute coronary syndrome who develop acute kidney injury.

Material and methods
This is a single-centre cross-sectional cohort study on 3507 patients with ACS. The main exclusion criteria was left ventricular dysfunction. Demographical and clinical characteristics, biochemical parameters, the anatomical distribution of coronary artery disease (CAD) and the final outcomes were analysed according to RF at the moment of the indexed event. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated by the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study Group Equation (MDRD), where patients with eGFR&lt;60ml/min 1.73 m2 had moderate to severe renal dysfunction.

Results
74 (2.1%) out of 3507 patients developed acute kidney injury (AKI). Those were predominantly males [62.2% (46), OR 1.55 (95% CI 0.98-2.47), p=0.044], significantly older (68.95±9.9. vs 62.5±11.2; p &lt;0.000001), more often with preexisting HBI (OR 4.72 (95% CI 2.20-10.30, p=0.000070), HTA(OR 1.89 95%CI 1.11-3.23, p=0.020), diabetes(OR 1.88 95%CI 1.18-3.00, p=0.008), cancer(OR 2.92 95%CI 1.15-7.44, p=0.024), anaemia (beta -.104, p=0.000032), while less often were smokers (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.31-0.83, p=0.006). They had statistically significantly higher values of cardiac troponin (beta .075, p=0.000011), stress glycemia (beta .104, p=0. 0.000019), and WBC (beta .074, p=0.000013), higher BUN (beta .325, p=0.000011), creatinine (beta .268, p=0.000016), and lower eGFR at admission (beta -.211, p=0.000032), lower sodium (beta -.101, p=0.000012), and higher potassium levels (beta .087, p=0.0008). Vice versa, total cholesterol, LDL-C and non-HDL-C (beta -.051, p=0.002, -.049, p=0.003, and -.047, p=0.005 respectively), were lower, the same for Hgb (beta -.107, p=0.000021). It is worth mentioning that 18(11.5%), of AKI patients were not PCI treated. Independent variables associated with AKI were: preexisting renal failure, cancer, and WBC. Outcomes: AKI carried a significantly higher in-hospital mortality rate (4.2% in general population, and 21.1% of all deaths were AKI patients, OR 23.01 (95% CI 14.04-47.03, p=0.00002)]. It was significantly associated with the development of pulmonary oedema (OR 17.94, 95% CI 9.67-33.26, p=0.000012), cardiogenic shock (OR 21.59, 95% CI 12.79-36.47, p=0.00006), any type of dysrhythmia (OR 1.83, 95%CI 1.53-2.18, p=0.0001), and any type of bleeding complications (OR 1.61, 95%CI 1.14-2.27, p=0.007).

Conclusion
AKI is a relatively rare complication in ACS patients, however is associated with significant in-hospital morbidity and mortality. Patients with pre-existing renal failure, and cancer, as well as patients who developed more pronounced inflammatory reaction were more prone to AKI.
Fair Pension Policies with Occupation-Specific Ageing
Authors: Grossmann Volker , Schünemann Johannes , Strulik Holger 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We study the optimal design of a fair public pension system in a multi-period overlapping generations model with occupation-specific morbidity and mortality that depends on the retirement age. The fairness constraint acts as institutional device ensuring that lifetime returns to contributions are equal across occupational groups. We consider group-specific replacement rates and a calculatory interest rate for early contributions as policy instruments. Calibrating the model to Germany, we find that the transition to optimal fair pension policies may induce early retirement of blue-collar workers and significantly raises their lifetime pension benefits and welfare. Aggregate welfare increases in all fair pension scenarios.
The Uncontrollable Mortality Risk Hypothesis
Authors: Brown Richard D , Pepper Gillian V 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The ‘Uncontrollable Mortality Risk Hypothesis’ employs a behavioural ecological model of human health behaviours to explain the presence of social gradients in health. It states that those who are more likely to die due to factors beyond their control should be less motivated to invest in preventative health behaviours. We outline the theoretical assumptions of the hypothesis and stress the importance of incorporating evolutionary perspectives into public health. We explain how measuring perceived uncontrollable mortality risk can contribute towards understanding socioeconomic disparities in preventative health behaviours. We emphasize the importance of addressing structural inequalities in risk exposure, and argue that public health interventions should consider the relationship between overall levels of mortality risk and health behaviours across domains. We suggest that measuring perceptions of uncontrollable mortality risk can capture the unanticipated health benefits of structural risk interventions, as well as help to assess the appropriateness of different intervention approaches.
How researchers can translate health evidence into books for children
Authors: Walsh Erin I , Sargent Ginny M , Gooyers Laura , Masters Jessica , Laachir Karima , Vardoulakis Sotiris 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The health promotion literature that considers how scientific evidence can be effectively communicated tends to focus on evaluating the effectiveness of communication materials. This has resulted in a knowledge gap regarding effective knowledge translation processes. This study explores the process, reasoning and practices for developing books for children that incorporate evidence-based information to aid understanding of scientific evidence about health and environmental or natural disasters. This study is informed by a systematic review of the literature combined with responses to an email interview with authors of books for children. Nine published studies were included in the systematic review. Twenty-two authors responded to the email survey (25% response rate, following 86 invitations). We report seven key findings to guide the development of health-promoting books for children: (i) understand the needs and expectations of the audience, (ii) articulate the topic and research evidence, (iii) assemble a team with a mix of content knowledge and creative expertise, (iv) format should be chosen to suit the user group and guided by the creative team, (v) early testing with children and their support system is crucial, (vi) develop a dissemination strategy to reach the user group and (vii) engage in reflexivity through evaluation of effectiveness of messaging. The current investigation can guide the process, reasoning and practice of developing books for children that incorporate evidence about health and environmental disasters.
Atlas asunder? Neo-liberal think tanks and the radical right
Authors: Vucetic Srdjan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
How are neoliberal thought leaders reacting to the rise of radical conservatism? Looking at Atlas, a worldwide network comprising approximately 500 free market think tanks and campaign groups, this study examines how its affiliates prioritize threats. This is accomplished through a qualitative analysis of a sample of documents that Atlas partners published on their websites from 2017 to 2022. The findings range from expected to puzzling. First, there is a reliable adherence to core neo-liberal ideas such as globalization and marketization. Second, explicit evidence of ideological tension is scarce, as only a few think tanks openly signal alignment with illiberal and authoritarian positions. However, as a whole, the network appears consistently—and wilfully—apathetic towards the radical right. This indifference contrasts with the vigour and regularity with which the network confronts left-of-center ideas, parties and governments. Delving into this contrast and its political implications, the study highlights the twin concepts of strategic and selective ignorance and considers their analytical potential.
Manipulating Public Beliefs about Alliance Compliance: A Survey Experiment
Authors: Reiter Dan , Greenhill Brian 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Conventional wisdom on alliances proposes that leaders comply with alliances because the public opposes violating alliance commitments. However, this assumes that the public can easily judge whether or not a particular policy violates an alliance treaty. This article challenges this assumption and develops a theory that elites have the opportunity to shape public understanding as to whether an action violates an alliance treaty. It shows that while alliance commitments continue to have an important impact on public opinion, signals from unified elites can significantly reduce public pressure to support an ally by arguing that the alliance treaty does not create a legal obligation to intervene. In a pair of experiments on large samples of American adults, we found that a unified signal from the president and the Senate opposition leader can significantly reduce support for sending troops to the embattled ally. Consistent with elite cueing theory, the president’s ability to move public opinion in this manner is eliminated if the Senate opposition leader disagrees with his argument.
Death, Grief, and Mourning in an ICTY Film: Exploring Relational and Non/Living Worlds
Authors: Biddolph Caitlin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractInternational criminal justice is filled with living, dead, and dying bodies. While witnesses detail atrocities in the courtroom, such testimonies are largely considered for their evidentiary value to establish innocence or guilt. In this article, I explore how death, grief, and mourning are represented at the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY). I focus on the ICTY documentary, Crimes Before the ICTY: Višegrad, to analyse how filmic representations of international criminal justice register dead, dying, and grieving bodies. Drawing on Queer Death Studies and relational ontologies, I explore the more-than-human and non/living worlds through which death, grief, and mourning are represented in the film. A queer relational approach reveals and challenges the construction of the dead as evidence and death worlds as crime scenes. This approach illuminates how the natural world and buildings, bridges, and artifacts are vestiges, witnesses, and sites of death and grief in Višegrad. My analysis explores how these representations in the ICTY documentary reinforce civilizational logics and reductive representations of violence at the same time as they illuminate relational encounters of death and dying in international criminal justice, thus enriching attempts to see, know, and feel loss in the wake of violence.
Carbon capture and utilization under EU law: impermanent storage of CO2 in products and pre-combustion carbon capture
Authors: Talus Kim , Maddahi Reza 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The evolving regulatory landscape within the European Union demonstrates a transition from prioritizing carbon capture and storage over carbon capture and utilization towards a more equitable treatment of both approaches in relevant legislation and policy frameworks. Nevertheless, the ‘permanence’ criterion of carbon dioxide in the products remains an ongoing challenge. Within the current European legal framework, harnessing the regulatory incentives depends on how long carbon dioxide remains in carbon capture and utilization products. The study elucidates the evolving regulatory landscape surrounding carbon capture and utilization by examining recent legislative initiatives and amendments to key directives such as the Emissions Trading System Directive and the Renewable Energy Directive. Furthermore, it explores the implications of the European Union Net-zero Industry Act and the Carbon Removal Certification Framework. In addition, this article examines and explains the need for expanding the scope of carbon capture and utilization and storage by incorporating pre-combustion carbon capture through methane splitting into the definition.
Histone modifications affecting plant dormancy and dormancy release: common regulatory effects on hormone metabolism
Authors: Sato Hikaru , Yamane Hisayo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
As sessile organisms, plants enter periods of dormancy in response to environmental stresses to ensure continued growth and reproduction in the future. During dormancy, plant growth is suppressed, adaptive/survival mechanisms are exerted, and stress tolerance increases over a prolonged period until the plants resume their development or reproduction under favorable conditions. In this review, we focus on seed dormancy and bud dormancy, which are critical for adaptation to fluctuating environmental conditions. We provide an overview of the physiological characteristics of both types of dormancy as well as the importance of the phytohormones abscisic acid and gibberellin for establishing and releasing dormancy, respectively. Additionally, recent epigenetic analyses have revealed that dormancy establishment and release are associated with the removal and deposition of histone modifications at the loci of key regulatory genes influencing phytohormone metabolism and signaling, including DELAY OF GERMINATION 1 and DORMANCY-ASSOCIATED MADS-box genes. We discuss our current understanding of the physiological and molecular mechanisms required to establish and release seed dormancy and bud dormancy, while also describing how environmental conditions control dormancy depth, with a focus on the effects of histone modifications.
Massive compact quiescent galaxies in the M⋆ versus σe plane: insights from stellar population properties
Authors: Clerici K Slodkowski , Schnorr-Müller A , Trevisan M , Ricci T V 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
We investigated the stellar population properties of a sample of 1858 massive compact galaxies (MCGs) extracted from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). Motivated by previous results showing that older compact galaxies tend to have larger velocity dispersion at fixed stellar mass, we used the distance to the σe versus Re and M⋆ versus σe relations as selection criteria. We found that MCGs are old (≳10 Gyr), α-enhanced ([α/Fe] ∼ 0.2), and have solar to supersolar stellar metallicities. Metallicity increases with σe, while age and [α/Fe] do not vary significantly. Moreover, at fixed σe, metallicity and stellar mass are correlated. Compared with a control sample of typical quiescent galaxies, MCGs have, on average, lower metallicities than control sample galaxies (CSGs) of similar σe. For σe ≲ 225 km s−1, MCGs are older and more α-enhanced than CSGs, while for higher σe ages and α-enhancement are similar. The differences in age and α-enhancement can be explained by lower σe CSGs being an amalgam of quiescent galaxies with a variety of ages. The origin of the differences in metallicity, however, is not clear. Lastly, we compared the stellar mass within the region probed by the SDSS fibre finding that, at fixed fibre velocity dispersion, MCGs have lower stellar masses on average. Since the velocity dispersion is a tracer of the dynamical mass, this raises the possibility that MCGs have, on average, a bottom-heavier initial mass function or a larger dark matter fraction within the inner ∼1−2 kpc.
Noncoding RNA Terc-53 and hyaluronan receptor Hmmr regulate aging in mice
Authors: Wu Sipeng , Cai Yiqi , Zhang Lixiao , Li Xiang , Liu Xu , Zhou Guangkeng , Luo Hongdi , Li Renjian , Huo Yujia , Zhang Zhirong , Chen Siyi , Huang Jinliang , Shi Jiahao , Ding Shanwei , Sun Zhe , Zhou Zizhuo , Wang Pengcheng , Wang Geng 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
One of the basic questions in the aging field is whether there is a fundamental difference between the aging of lower invertebrates and mammals. A major difference between the lower invertebrates and mammals is the abundancy of noncoding RNAs, most of which are not conserved. We have previously identified a noncoding RNA Terc-53 that is derived from the RNA component of telomerase Terc. To study its physiological functions, we generated two transgenic mouse models overexpressing the RNA in wild-type and early-aging Terc−/− backgrounds. Terc-53 mice showed age-related cognition decline and shortened life span, even though no developmental defects or physiological abnormality at an early age was observed, indicating its involvement in normal aging of mammals. Subsequent mechanistic study identified hyaluronan-mediated motility receptor (Hmmr) as the main effector of Terc-53. Terc-53 mediates the degradation of Hmmr, leading to an increase of inflammation in the affected tissues, accelerating organismal aging. adeno-associated virus delivered supplementation of Hmmr in the hippocampus reversed the cognition decline in Terc-53 transgenic mice. Neither Terc-53 nor Hmmr has homologs in C. elegans. Neither do arthropods express hyaluronan. These findings demonstrate the complexity of aging in mammals and open new paths for exploring noncoding RNA and Hmmr as means of treating age-related physical debilities and improving healthspan.
The Impact of Climate Change on Work: Lessons for Developing Countries
Authors: Feriga Moustafa , Gracia Nancy Lozano , Serneels Pieter 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We identify five areas where climate change may impact work and draw lessons for developing countries by reviewing the evidence. Firstly, demand for labor is unevenly affected, with agriculture, heat-exposed manufacturing, and the brown energy sector experiencing downturns, while other sectors may see a rise, resulting in an uncertain overall impact. Secondly, climate change impacts labor supply through absenteeism, shirking, and altering work-time patterns, depending on the activity and sector. Thirdly, productivity may decline, especially in heat-exposed industries, primarily due to health reasons. Fourthly, heightened earnings variability likely increases vulnerability among the self-employed. Fifthly, climate change can influence labor allocation and catalyze sectoral reallocation. Higher temperatures are also linked to increased migration. But caution is needed in interpreting these findings, as studies across these topics predominantly use fixed effect estimation and concentrate on short-term impacts, neglecting adaptation. Emerging research on adaptation indicates that workplace cooling is unappealing for firms with narrow profit margins, while coping strategies of farms and households have unclear optimality due to adoption barriers. Government responses remain understudied, with six potential areas identified: green jobs, green skills, labor-oriented adaptation, flexible work regulation, labor market integration, and social protection. We conclude by outlining future research directions.