bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COLEÇÃO CORREDORES BIOCULTURAIS DO BRASIL: SISTEMA COSTEIRO MARINHO
Authors: Santo Andréa Rocha do Espírito , Lima Gilberto , Galeno Luciano , Pinto Luzaneide 
Published: June 2024

A presente cartilha é sobre o nosso Sistema Costeiro Marinho. Trazemos informações que vão contribuir para aumentar o conhecimento sobre esse ambiente para que, a partir dessas informações, mais pessoas, grupos, organizações e a sociedade em geral possam se engajar na sua proteção e defesa. Isto se torna necessário diante das graves ameaças de destruição da biodiversidade e da nossa cultura. Estas ameaças vêm dos grandes projetos de desenvolvimento econômico que empresas e governos estão realizando ou pretendem desenvolver em nosso país.
Design Study High Reflectors Graded Index Mirror Dispersive Properties
Authors: Mohammad Elham Jasim 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This paper investigates the dispersive properties of a spectral filter—a quarter-wave (QW) mirror. The study considers the modeling with a smoothly changing refractive index of the applied material (Rugate filter) using Fourier transform analysis of a high and low refractive index. These chirped structures exhibit high reflectivity and low group delay dispersion. The introduced result in this study is in some way better than already existing ones and/or can be used to obtain a meaningful practical effect, because it adopts calculation methods that are characterized by the accuracy and reliability of data using different statistical parameters and can be adopted with all modern and old methods of preparation. These improvements can have significant implications for various applications. Moreover, we investigate different statistical parameters, such as mean, median, mode, and standard deviation (STD), and analyze their impact on the rugate filter group delay (GD) and group delay dispersion (GDD) performance.
Physiological assessment of visual fatigue in workers using computer displays
Authors: Serikov Vasily V. , Yushkova Olga I. , Kapustina Angelina V. , Zhbankova Olga V. , Nemaeva Anastasia V. , Bogdanova Valentina E. , Forwerts Anna Yu. , Afanasieva Yulia F. 
Published: June 2024

Introduction. The use of various types of computer displays not only in work, but also in educational and daily activities makes it necessary to study the features of the functional state of the body during visually strenuous work using electronic devices for visual display of information.
The study aims to assess the level of visual stress and work intensity, the features of visual fatigue in work using computer displays to develop measures to prevent fatigue.
Materials and methods. Studies of the physiological features of the formation of visual fatigue included an assessment of fatigue depending on the total screen time, the type of information image (alphanumeric and graphical). Specialists conducted an ophthalmological examination and dynamic monitoring of the functional state of the visual analyzer. The authors applied a set of physiological methods: determination of the volume of accommodation (VA), time of perception of sequential contrast (TPSC). The study involved employees of five professional groups: translators, editors, operators, telegraph operators, fabric distributors using computer displays in their work (a total of 131 people). The control group is represented by employees who perform similar work using paper media.
Results. It is shown that for operators in the process of their work, the features of the formation of a functional state are closely interrelated with the amount of workload determined by the total duration of fixing the gaze on the screen and the type of information image per shift. The researchers observed the most unfavorable physiological reactions when continuously working with a computer display with alphanumeric information for more than two hours. They also revealed a relationship between the development of fatigue, the degree of physiological shifts and the total time of fixing the gaze on a computer display with various types of information images.
Limitations. There are limitations due to the peculiarities of collecting (receiving) physiological data.
Conclusion. The conducted research served as the basis for rationing the time spent working with the display screen of various types of information images (Manual p.2.2.2006-05), developing recommendations for the prevention of visual fatigue in professional users of computer displays.
Ethics. The study was approved by the local Ethics Committee of the Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health (Protocol No. 4 dated 04/14/2021)
Dissolution of Second Phase Particles in 319-Type Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Colley Leo J. , Wells Mary A. , MacKay Robert , Kasprzak Wojciech 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The dissolution of second phase particles in a 319-type (Al-Si- Cu-Mg) aluminum casting alloy has been quantified by image analysis of metallographic specimens as well as an electron microprobe technique. The initial phase content of the as-cast material, and the change in volume fraction of each phase following solution treatment for various times at 480°C and 505°C, was determined by analysis of particles observed by backscattered electron microscopy. Furthermore, the change in dendritic alloy content during solution treatment was measured using electron microprobe analysis in order to estimate the relative volume fraction of second phase particles dissolved. Finally, a non-isothermal dissolution model was used to predict the dissolution behaviour during solution treatment and comparisons are made between the model predictions and experimental measurements.
ЗАПРОВАДЖЕННЯ HR-ІНЖИНІРИНГУ ЯК ІННОВАЦІЙНОГО ВЕКТОРУ РОЗВИТКУ БІЗНЕС-ЕКОНОМІКИ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ В УМОВАХ ГЛОБАЛІЗАЦІЇ ТА ЄВРОІНТЕГРАЦІЇ
Authors: БАЗАЛІЙСЬКА Наталія 
Published: June 2024

У статті досліджено використання сучасних HR-технологій в управлінні підприємством. Досліджено соціальні виклики та сучасні пріоритети бізнесу щодо трансформації HR-процесів. Визначено глобальні тренди інноваційного вектору розвитку цифровізації НR організації. Сформовано сутність процесу реінжинірингу як напряму удосконалення бізнес-процесів в системі HR-інжинірингу організації. Побудовано етапи запровадження HR-інжинірингу як інноваційного вектору розвитку бізнес-економіки організації. Обґрунтовано карту реструктуризації бізнес-процесу «формування кадрового потенціалу підприємства» на засадах реінжинірингу. Наведено основниі засоби HR-інжинірингу, які застосовуються під час конструювання та оптимізації HR-процесів. Охарактеризовано позитивні наслідки практичного застосування методу HR-інжинірингу бізнес-процесів на підприємстві.
PENERAPAN PEMBELAJARAN KOSA KATA BAHASA ARAB (MUFRODAT) DI PONDOK MODERN DARUSSALAM GONTOR (APPLICATION OF ARABIC VOCABULARY LEARNING (MUFRODAT) AT MODERN PONDOK DARUSSALAM GONTOR)
Authors: Fitriani Ismatul Hidayah , Hilmi Annafik Fuad 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTThis study aims to describe how the application of learning Arabic vocabulary with several methods as well as evaluating the learning methods implemented. This type of research is descriptive qualitative with observation and documentation techniques. At the observation stage, the author observed the activities of the management of the language section of the Modern Gontor Islamic Boarding School in implementing the Arabic language program. The object under study is in the form of several methods that are taught to apply learning such as Ilqo mufrodat, Muhadatsah, Insya', and ghina' Araby. In its application several methods have shown significantly increased results. Especially active speaking skills. As for the evaluation, the cooperation between teachers and administrators of the language section is passive, so that the majority still underestimate teaching this language..Keywords: Vocabulary, Method, Arabic.ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk medeskripsikan bagaimana penerapan pembelajaran kosakata bahasa arab dengan beberapa metode serta evaluasi tentang metode pembelajaran yang dilaksanakan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan dengan teknik observasi dan dokumentasi. Pada tahap observasi, penulis mengobservasi kegiatan pengurus bagian kebahasaan pondok pesantren modern gontor dalam menerapkan program bahasa Arab. Adapun ini objek yang diteliti berupa beberapa metode yang diajarkan untuk menerapkan pembelajaran seperti Ilqo mufrodat, Muhadatsah, Insya’, dan ghina’ Araby. Dalam penerapannya beberapa metode telah menujukkan hasil meningkat secara signifikan. Terutama keterampilan berbicara yang aktif. Adapun evaluasinya kerjasama antar pengajar dan pengurus bagian bahasa yang pasif, sehingga mayoritas masih memandang remeh pengajaran bahasa ini.
PENGGUNAAN BAHASA KLISE DALAM IKLAN: PERSEPSI DAN EFEKTIVITAS KONSUMEN
Authors: Hamizar Arizal 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis research aims to examine consumers' perceptions of the use of cliché language in advertising and the effectiveness of such language. The study employs a qualitative approach with a case study design, focused on respondents who have seen advertisements using cliché language. Purposive sampling technique was used to select relevant and representative respondents. The researcher conducted in-depth interviews with the respondents and observed their reactions to advertisements using cliché language. The results indicate that advertisements using cliché language tend to be more memorable to consumers. However, the effectiveness of using cliché language in advertising depends on the context of the advertisement and the suitability of the cliché language with the product being offered. Consumers' views on the use of cliché language in advertising can be influenced by psychological and social factors, such as creativity and originality of the advertisement. In this regard, it is important for marketers to pay attention to the brand image and message they wish to convey in their advertisements. Marketers can avoid the use of cliché language considered uncreative by developing more unique and original messages. The use of more creative and engaging language, such as metaphors or analogies, in advertising can enhance consumers' interest and attention to the advertisement and product.Keywords: Advertising, Cliche Language, Consumer Perceptions, Marketing Strategy. AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji persepsi konsumen terhadap penggunaan bahasa cliché dalam iklan serta efektivitas penggunaan bahasa tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis studi kasus, yang difokuskan pada responden yang pernah melihat iklan yang menggunakan bahasa cliché. Teknik purposive sampling digunakan untuk memilih responden yang relevan dan representatif. Peneliti melakukan wawancara mendalam dengan responden dan observasi untuk mengamati bagaimana responden bereaksi terhadap iklan dengan penggunaan bahasa cliché. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa iklan yang menggunakan bahasa cliché cenderung lebih mudah diingat oleh konsumen. Namun, efektivitas penggunaan bahasa cliché dalam iklan sangat tergantung pada konteks iklan tersebut dan kesesuaian bahasa cliché dengan produk yang ditawarkan. Pandangan konsumen terhadap penggunaan bahasa cliché dalam iklan dapat dipengaruhi oleh faktor psikologis dan sosial, seperti kreativitas dan orisinalitas iklan. Dalam hal ini, penting bagi pemasar untuk memperhatikan citra merek dan pesan yang ingin disampaikan dalam iklan. Pemasar dapat menghindari penggunaan bahasa cliché yang dianggap tidak kreatif dengan mengembangkan pesan yang lebih unik dan orisinal. Penggunaan bahasa yang lebih kreatif dan menarik seperti penggunaan metafora atau analogi dalam iklan dapat meningkatkan minat dan perhatian konsumen terhadap iklan dan produk.Kata Kunci: Advertising, Bahasa Cliche, Persepsi Konsumen, Strategi Pemasaran.
The integrated incretin effect is reduced by both glucose intolerance and obesity in Japanese subjects
Authors: Hamasaki Akihiro , Harada Norio , Muraoka Atsushi , Yamane Shunsuke , Joo Erina , Suzuki Kazuyo , Inagaki Nobuya 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionIncretin-based drugs are extensively utilized in the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D), with remarkable clinical efficacy. These drugs were developed based on findings that the incretin effect is reduced in T2D. The incretin effect in East Asians, whose pancreatic β-cell function is more vulnerable than that in Caucasians, however, has not been fully examined. In this study, we investigated the effects of incretin in Japanese subjects.MethodsA total of 28 Japanese subjects (14 with normal glucose tolerance [NGT], 6 with impaired glucose tolerance, and 8 with T2D) were enrolled. Isoglycemic oral (75 g glucose tolerance test) and intravenous glucose were administered. The numerical incretin effect and gastrointestinally-mediated glucose disposal (GIGD) were calculated by measuring the plasma glucose and entero-pancreatic hormone concentrations.Results and discussionThe difference in the numerical incretin effect among the groups was relatively small. The numerical incretin effect significantly negatively correlated with the body mass index (BMI). GIGD was significantly lower in participants with T2D than in those with NGT, and significantly negatively correlated with the area under the curve (AUC)-glucose, BMI, and AUC-glucagon. Incretin concentrations did not differ significantly among the groups. We demonstrate that in Japanese subjects, obesity has a greater effect than glucose tolerance on the numerical incretin effect, whereas GIGD is diminished in individuals with both glucose intolerance and obesity. These findings indicate variances as well as commonalities between East Asians and Caucasians in the manifestation of incretin effects on pancreatic β-cell function and the integrated capacity to handle glucose.
Efficacy of advanced hybrid closed loop systems in cystic fibrosis related diabetes: a pilot study
Authors: Bassi Marta , Franzone Daniele , Dufour Francesca , Spacco Giordano , Cresta Federico , d’Annunzio Giuseppe , Tantari Giacomo , Calevo Maria Grazia , Castellani Carlo , Minuto Nicola , Casciaro Rosaria 
Published: June 2024

Background and aimsCystic fibrosis related diabetes (CFRD) is correlated with worsening of nutritional status and greater deterioration of lung function. The role of new technologies for the treatment of CFRD is little explored. The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of Advanced Hybrid Closed Loop (AHCL) systems on glycemic control in CF patients.MethodsA single-center retrospective study on CFRD patients using AHCL systems was performed. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) values and Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) metrics were collected at T0 (AHCL placement), T1 (1-month), T2 (6-months) and T3 (1-year) to evaluate glycemic control.Results10 patients were included in the study. Data showed a reduction of HbA1c value (7.31 ± 0.34 to 6.35 ± 1.00; p=0.03), glycemic variability (p=0.05) and insulin requirement (p=0.03). The study population reached American Diabetes Association (ADA) recommended glycemic targets at 1-year. An increase in the Time in Range (TIR) and a reduction in time in hyperglycemia were also observed, although not statistically significant.ConclusionsIn patients with CFRD, the use of AHCL leads to an improvement in glycemic control in terms of HbA1c and glycemic variability. The increase in TIR and the reduction of time in hyperglycemia, although not statistically significant, are extremely encouraging from a clinical point of view. Further studies with a larger population and a longer follow-up are needed. The results of this study demonstrate the importance of proposing the use of AHCL even in CF patients, who could benefit from glycemic improvement also in terms of nutritional status and respiratory function.
Relationship between recurrence and age in the diffuse sclerosing variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma: clinical significance in pediatric patients
Authors: Kim Junu , Koo Ja Seung , Bang Ji-In , Kim Jin Kyong , Kang Sang-Wook , Jeong Jong Ju , Nam Kee-Hyun , Chung Woong Youn 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundThe diffuse sclerosing variant (DSV) is among the aggressive variants of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and is more prevalent in pediatric patients than in adult patients. Few studies have assessed its characteristics owing to its low incidence. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between recurrence and age in the DSV of PTC.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed patients diagnosed with the DSV or conventional PTC (cPTC) after surgery at a medical center between May 1988 and January 2019. We compared the clinico-pathological characteristics and surgical outcomes of the DSV and cPTC groups and between adult and pediatric patients with DSV.ResultsAmong the 24,626 patients, 202 had the DSV, and 24,424 were diagnosed with cPTC. The recurrence rate was significantly higher in the DSV group than in the cPTC group. In the DSV group, the recurrence rate was significantly higher in the pediatric patient group than in the adult patient group. Moreover, the association between recurrence and age group showed different patterns between the DSV and cPTC groups with restricted cubic splines (RCS). While both RCS curves showed a U-shaped distribution, the RCS curve tended to be located within the younger age group.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that pediatric patients with DSV are at a greater risk for recurrence compared with adult patients; moreover, the pattern of recurrence risk according to age is different from that of cPTC.
Intra-video positive pairs in self-supervised learning for ultrasound
Authors: VanBerlo Blake , Wong Alexander , Hoey Jesse , Arntfield Robert 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionSelf-supervised learning (SSL) is a strategy for addressing the paucity of labelled data in medical imaging by learning representations from unlabelled images. Contrastive and non-contrastive SSL methods produce learned representations that are similar for pairs of related images. Such pairs are commonly constructed by randomly distorting the same image twice. The videographic nature of ultrasound offers flexibility for defining the similarity relationship between pairs of images.MethodsWe investigated the effect of utilizing proximal, distinct images from the same B-mode ultrasound video as pairs for SSL. Additionally, we introduced a sample weighting scheme that increases the weight of closer image pairs and demonstrated how it can be integrated into SSL objectives.ResultsNamed Intra-Video Positive Pairs (IVPP), the method surpassed previous ultrasound-specific contrastive learning methods' average test accuracy on COVID-19 classification with the POCUS dataset by ≥ 1.3%. Detailed investigations of IVPP's hyperparameters revealed that some combinations of IVPP hyperparameters can lead to improved or worsened performance, depending on the downstream task.DiscussionGuidelines for practitioners were synthesized based on the results, such as the merit of IVPP with task-specific hyperparameters, and the improved performance of contrastive methods for ultrasound compared to non-contrastive counterparts.
Loss-of-function/gain-of-function polymorphisms of the ATP sensitive P2X7R influence sepsis, septic shock, pneumonia, and survival outcomes
Authors: Guggemos Johanna , Fuller Stephen J. , Skarratt Kristen K. , Mayer Benjamin , Schneider E. Marion 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionExtracellular ATP (eATP) released from damaged cells activates the P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) ion channel on the surface of surrounding cells, resulting in calcium influx, potassium efflux and inflammasome activation. Inherited changes in the P2X7R gene (P2RX7) influence eATP induced responses. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of P2RX7 influence both function and signaling of the receptor, that in addition to ion flux includes pathogen control and immunity.MethodsSubjects (n = 105) were admitted to the ICU at the University Hospital Ulm, Germany between June 2018 and August 2019. Of these, subjects with a diagnosis of sepsis (n = 75), were also diagnosed with septic shock (n = 24), and/or pneumonia (n = 42). Subjects with pneumonia (n = 43) included those without sepsis (n = 1), sepsis without shock (n = 29) and pneumonia with septic shock (n = 13). Out of the 75 sepsis/septic shock patients, 33 patients were not diagnosed with pneumonia. Controls (n = 30) were recruited to the study from trauma patients and surgical patients without sepsis, septic shock, or pneumonia. SNP frequencies were determined for 16 P2RX7 SNPs known to affect P2X7R function, and association studies were performed between frequencies of these SNPs in sepsis, septic shock, and pneumonia compared to controls.ResultsThe loss-of-function (LOF) SNP rs17525809 (T253C) was found more frequently in patients with septic shock, and non-septic trauma patients when compared to sepsis. The LOF SNP rs2230911 (C1096G) was found to be more frequent in patients with sepsis and septic shock than in non-septic trauma patients. The frequencies of these SNPs were even higher in sepsis and septic patients with pneumonia. The current study also confirmed a previous study by our group that showed a five SNP combination that included the GOF SNPs rs208294 (C489T) and rs2230912 (Q460R) that was designated #21211 was associated with increased odds of survival in severe sepsis.DiscussionThe results found an association between expression of LOF P2RX7 SNPs and presentation to the ICU with sepsis, and septic shock compared to control ICU patients. Furthermore, frequencies of LOF SNPs were found to be higher in sepsis patients with pneumonia compared to those without pneumonia. In addition, a five SNP GOF combination was associated with increased odds of survival in severe sepsis. These results suggest that P2RX7 is required to control infection in pneumonia and that inheritance of LOF variants increases the risk of sepsis when associated with pneumonia. This study confirms that P2RX7 genotyping in pneumonia may identify patients at risk of developing sepsis. The study also identifies P2X7R as a target in sepsis associated with an excessive immune response in subjects with GOF SNP combinations.
Diversity of genotypes and pathogenicity of H9N2 avian influenza virus derived from wild bird and domestic poultry
Authors: Yang Qinhong , Ji Jia , Yang Jia , Zhang Yongxian , Yin Hongbin , Dai Hongyang , Wang Wei , Li Suhua 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionThe H9N2 subtype is a predominant avian influenza virus (AIV) circulating in Chinese poultry, forming various genotypes (A-W) based on gene segment origins. This study aims to investigate the genotypic distribution and pathogenic characteristics of H9N2 isolates from wild birds and domestic poultry in Yunnan Province, China.MethodsEleven H9N2 strains were isolated from fecal samples of overwintering wild birds and proximate domestic poultry in Yunnan, including four from common cranes (Grus grus), two from bar-headed geese (Anser indicus), and five from domestic poultry (Gallus gallus). Phylogenetic analysis was conducted to determine the genotypes, and representative strains were inoculated into Yunnan mallard ducks to assess pathogenicity.ResultsPhylogenetic analysis revealed that five isolates from domestic birds and one from a bar-headed goose belong to genotype S, while the remaining five isolates from wild birds belong to genotype A. These bird-derived strains possess deletions in the stalk domain of NA protein and the N166D mutation of HA protein, typical of poultry strains. Genotype S H9N2 demonstrated oropharyngeal shedding, while genotype A H9N2 exhibited cloacal shedding and high viral loads in the duodenum. Both strains caused significant pathological injuries, with genotype S inducing more severe damage to the thymus and spleen, while genotype A caused duodenal muscle layer rupture.DiscussionThese findings suggest that at least two genotypes of H9N2 are currently circulating in Yunnan, and Yunnan mallard ducks potentially act as intermediaries in interspecies transmission. These insights highlight the importance of analyzing the current epidemiological transmission characteristics of H9N2 among wild and domestic birds in China.