bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Data-driven sequence of cognitive decline in people with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Petkus Andrew John , Donahue Erin , Jakowec Michael W , Bayram Ece , Van Horn John Darrell , Litvan Irene , Petzinger Giselle M , Schiehser Dawn M 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundUnderstanding the sequential progression of cognitive impairments in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is crucial for elucidating neuropathological underpinnings, refining the assessment of PD-related cognitive decline stages and enhancing early identification for targeted interventions. The first aim of this study was to use an innovative event-based modeling (EBM) analytic approach to estimate the sequence of cognitive declines in PD. The second aim was to validate the EBM by examining associations with EBM-derived individual-specific estimates of cognitive decline severity and performance on independent cognitive screening measures.MethodsThis cross-sectional observational study included 99 people with PD who completed a neuropsychological battery. Individuals were classified as meeting the criteria for mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) or subtle cognitive decline by consensus. An EBM was constructed to compare cognitively healthy individuals with those with PD-MCI or subtle cognitive disturbances. Multivariable linear regression estimated associations between the EBM-derived stage of cognitive decline and performance on two independent cognitive screening tests.ResultsThe EBM estimated that tests assessing executive function and visuospatial ability become abnormal early in the sequence of PD-related cognitive decline. Each higher estimated stage of cognitive decline was associated with approximately 0.24 worse performance on the Dementia Rating Scale (p<0.001) and 0.26 worse performance on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (p<0.001) adjusting for demographic and clinical variables.ConclusionFindings from this study will have important clinical implications for practitioners, on specific cognitive tests to prioritise, when conducting neuropsychological evaluations with people with PD. Results also highlight the importance of frontal–subcortical system disruption impacting executive and visuospatial abilities.
Single Source Precursor Synthesis of Lead Titanate (PbTiO3) for the Electrochemical Detection of Nitric Oxide (NO)
Authors: Zaka Alishbah , Liaqat Rimsha , Mehmood Shahid , Haider Ali , Iqbal Mudassir , Mansoor Muhammad Adil 
Published: May 2024

Electrochemical detection of Nitric oxide (NO) has attracted considerable attention due to its central role in different processes of mammalian physiology. In this study, NO is electrochemically detected using lead titanate (PbTiO3) as an electrochemical sensor. The lead titanate (PbTiO3) was prepared successfully through thermal decomposition of bimetallic complex [PbTi(O2CCF3)4(THF)3O]2 containing both lead and titanium metals. A phase of synthesized PbTiO3 powder was studied using X-ray diffraction spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy, while the morphology and crystallite size were studied by field emission scanning electron microscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Further, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis was also done to determine the elemental composition along with their oxidation states. Finally, the PbTiO3 powder was coated on GCE (glassy carbon electrode) and then further studied electrochemically for sensing NO in NaNO2 solution at pH = 2.5. Moreover, the detection capability of PbTiO3 was analyzed upon adding different concentrations of 1 to 10 mM of NaNO2. As a result, current and concentration followed a linear response. For the interferent studies, uric acid, glucose, dopamine, and ascorbic acid were used as interferents. It was noted that no signals appeared with these interferents in the voltammogram.
Novos discursos de resistência na literatura angolana contemporânea
Authors: França Alex Santana 
Published: May 2024

Este trabalho pretende refletir sobre o lugar do afrodescendente e do imigrante angolano dentro da sociedade brasileira e os discursos de reivindicação produzidos por eles, a partir do romance O ano em que Zumbi tomou o Rio, do escritor angolano José Eduardo Agualusa, diante da própria experiência em seu país, Angola, o que, consequentemente, pode contribuir de maneira positiva na discussão e reconfiguração dessas relações no próprio Brasil.
Plasma Proteomics Identifies B2M as a Regulator of Pulmonary Hypertension in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Jheng Jia-Rong , DesJardin Jacqueline T. , Chen Yi-Yun , Huot Joshua R. , Bai Yang , Cook Todd , Hibbard Lainey M. , Rupp Jennifer M. , Fisher Amanda , Zhang Yingze , Duarte Julio D. , Desai Ankit A. , Machado Roberto F. , Simon Marc A. , Lai Yen-Chun 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND:
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) represents an important phenotype in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). However, management of PH-HFpEF is challenging because mechanisms involved in the regulation of PH-HFpEF remain unclear.

METHODS:
We used a mass spectrometry–based comparative plasma proteomics approach as a sensitive and comprehensive hypothesis-generating discovery technique to profile proteins in patients with PH-HFpEF and control subjects. We then validated and investigated the role of one of the identified proteins using in vitro cell cultures, in vivo animal models, and independent cohort of human samples.

RESULTS:

Plasma proteomics identified high protein abundance levels of B2M (β2-microglobulin) in patients with PH-HFpEF. Interestingly, both circulating and skeletal muscle levels of B2M were increased in mice with skeletal muscle SIRT3 (sirtuin-3) deficiency or high-fat diet–induced PH-HFpEF. Plasma and muscle biopsies from a validation cohort of PH-HFpEF patients were found to have increased B2M levels, which positively correlated with disease severity, especially pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and right atrial pressure at rest. Not only did the administration of exogenous B2M promote migration/proliferation in pulmonary arterial vascular endothelial cells but it also increased PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen) expression and cell proliferation in pulmonary arterial vascular smooth muscle cells. Finally,
B2m
deletion improved glucose intolerance, reduced pulmonary vascular remodeling, lowered PH, and attenuated RV hypertrophy in mice with high-fat diet–induced PH-HFpEF.

CONCLUSIONS:
Patients with PH-HFpEF display higher circulating and skeletal muscle expression levels of B2M, the magnitude of which correlates with disease severity. Our findings also reveal a previously unknown pathogenic role of B2M in the regulation of pulmonary vascular proliferative remodeling and PH-HFpEF. These data suggest that circulating and skeletal muscle B2M can be promising targets for the management of PH-HFpEF.
Single-Nucleus Transcriptomic Atlas of Human Pericoronary Epicardial Adipose Tissue in Normal and Pathological Conditions
Authors: Liu Xuanyu , Yuan Meng , Zhao Danni , Zeng Qingyi , Li Wenke , Li Tianjiao , Li Qi , Zhuo Yue , Luo Mingyao , Chen Pengfei , Wang Liqing , Feng Wei , Zhou Zhou 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND:
Pericoronary epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is a unique visceral fat depot that surrounds the adventitia of the coronary arteries without any anatomic barrier. Clinical studies have demonstrated the association between EAT volume and increased risks for coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the association remain elusive.

METHODS:
We performed single-nucleus RNA sequencing on pericoronary EAT samples collected from 3 groups of subjects: patients undergoing coronary bypass surgery for severe CAD (n=8), patients with CAD with concomitant type 2 diabetes (n=8), and patients with valvular diseases but without concomitant CAD and type 2 diabetes as the control group (n=8). Comparative analyses were performed among groups, including cellular compositional analysis, cell type–resolved transcriptomic changes, gene coexpression network analysis, and intercellular communication analysis. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to confirm the presence of CAD-associated subclusters.

RESULTS:

Unsupervised clustering of 73 386 nuclei identified 15 clusters, encompassing all known cell types in the adipose tissue. Distinct subpopulations were identified within primary cell types, including adipocytes, adipose stem and progenitor cells, and macrophages.
CD83
high
macrophages and
FOSB
high
adipocytes were significantly expanded in CAD. In comparison to normal controls, both disease groups exhibited dysregulated pathways and altered secretome in the primary cell types. Nevertheless, minimal differences were noted between the disease groups in terms of cellular composition and transcriptome. In addition, our data highlight a potential interplay between dysregulated circadian clock and altered physiological functions in adipocytes of pericoronary EAT. ANXA1 (annexin A1) and SEMA3B (semaphorin 3B) were identified as important adipokines potentially involved in functional changes of pericoronary EAT and CAD pathogenesis.

CONCLUSIONS:
We built a complete single-nucleus transcriptomic atlas of human pericoronary EAT in normal and diseased conditions of CAD. Our study lays the foundation for developing novel therapeutic strategies for treating CAD by targeting and modifying pericoronary EAT functions.
Motivational Interviewing in an Animal Shelter – A Pilot Study
Authors: Andrukonis Allison , Schroeder Katy , Biles Kathy , Hall Nathaniel 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Animal control officers serve their communities by communicating with the public to enforce animal-related laws and protect animals. Despite the importance of communication in this setting, research is lacking in this area. Motivational interviewing, a collaborative conversation style for strengthening motivation for behavioral change, is one evidence-based approach that could improve animal control officer communication skills. This pilot study aimed to investigate the implementation of motivational interviewing within an animal shelter. Participants (n = 10) were randomly assigned to attend a training session and were asked to answer a 3-question survey about their use of motivational interviewing at five different time points. Attending the training significantly predicted perceived opportunities to use motivational interviewing, ability to use motivational interviewing, and frequency of motivational interviewing use. The present study suggests that motivational interviewing training may be beneficial in animal shelters; however, future research should focus on improving training implementation and participant adherence.
2. Towards a Social Network Analysis of the Holiness Code
Authors: Canu Højgaard Christian 
Published: May 2024

There are dozens of persons in Leviticus 17–26. They are all interrelated in a complex web of interactions that can be used as a clue to their role in the implied society of the text. By contrast, previous studies of the text have focused more narrowly on individual persons, most often the sojourner but also the Israelite addressees, the priests, and the women.
This chapter provides a detailed introduction to the general research history of Leviticus 17–26, also known as the Holiness Code, before discussing previous presentations of the persons described in the legislative collection. It is argued that a social network analysis can better describe the roles and statuses of the participants because each participant is not treated as an isolate but as a part of a network of people. Accordingly, the chapter develops a model for conducting social network analysis on an ancient law text in light of relational and legal sociology.
Sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in individuals with ischemia reperfusion injury: A systematic review
Authors: Behzad Hossein , Asham Hila , Beheshtirouy Samineh , Mashayekhi Sina , Jafari Negin , Entezari-Maleki Taher 
Published: May 2024

Background: The effects of sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors on ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) is a novel concept and only limited number of animals studies have yet been investigated. We aimed to perform a systematic review of literature to explore the clinical studies which investigated the effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors on myocardial IRI setting. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library from inception until December 7th, 2023. ClinicalTrials.gov was also explored for ongoing studies. Two authors independently conducted the literature search, examined the studies, and evaluated the eligibility criteria. Any disagreements or uncertainties were resolved by the corresponding author. The search strategy followed the PICO process (Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome) and Emtree was used to select relevant keywords. Results: Of 220 articles identified from the literature research, five articles were included in the study, of which three studies lately were retracted. The remaining studies included 1229 participants, with 209 receiving SGLT-2 inhibitors and 1090 not receiving them. All of the participants were diabetic patients admitted with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The results demonstrated that the use of SGLT-2 inhibitors is associated with lower troponin levels, and higher rates of ST resolution. The results of the studies also showed smaller infarct sizes, lower inflammatory biomarkers and improved left ventricular function at discharge among SGLT-2 inhibitor users. Conclusion: In line with in vivo and ex vivo findings, the results of this systematic review supported benefits of SGLT-2 inhibitors in IRI through reducing infarct size and inflammatory biomarkers. However, further clinical trials are warranted to provide robust evidence.
Effect of high-dose intravenous iron injection on hepatic function in a rat model of cirrhosis
Authors: Kwon Ji-Hye , Kang RyungA , Lee Sangmin Maria , Hahm Tae Soo , Cho Hyun Sung , Jin Gayoung , Ko Justin Sangwook 
Published: May 2024

Objective To investigate the hepatic effects of high-dose intravenous (IV) iron, including those on liver function and the degree of fibrosis, in a rat model of cirrhosis. Methods We evenly allocated 25 Sprague–Dawley rats into five groups: normal rats (control group), cirrhotic rats receiving IV normal saline (liver cirrhosis [LC] group), and cirrhotic rats receiving 20, 40, or 80 mg/kg IV ferric carboxymaltose (LC-iron20, LC-iron40, and LC-iron80 group, respectively). Biochemical parameters were compared at 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. The degrees of hepatic fibrosis and iron deposition were evaluated. Inflammatory and oxidative stress markers were also compared. Results There were no significant differences in the 28-day serum alanine aminotransferase levels among the LC-iron20, LC-iron40, and LC-iron80 groups (69 ± 7, 1003 ± 127, 1064 ± 309, 919 ± 346, and 820 ± 195 IU/L in the control, LC, LC-iron20, LC-iron40, and LC-iron80 groups, respectively). Hepatic iron accumulation increased in a dose-dependent manner, but the degree of hepatic fibrosis was comparable among the groups. The inflammatory and oxidative stress marker levels did not differ significantly according to the IV iron dose. Conclusions Administration of IV iron at various high doses appears safe in our rat model of cirrhosis.
Electroacupuncture treatment improves postoperative ileus by inhibiting the Th1 cell-mediated inflammatory response through the vagus nerve
Authors: Gao Hao , Lu Liyue , Li Lili , Yin Zhiyu , Ruan Wenqing , Zou Yinghua , Li He , Zhou Yalan , Li Xing , Wang Yongqiang , Song Jiangang , Chen Wenting , Wang Jian 
Published: May 2024

Background: Electroacupuncture (EA) has been reported to improve intestinal motility in mice with postoperative ileus (POI). Previous studies, however, have yielded heterogeneous results regarding the effect of EA on POI. Methods: Herein, a POI mouse model was constructed by intestinal manipulation. To evaluate the effect of EA treatment on colonic transit, the levels of inflammatory markers (macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); immune cell infiltration was detected by immunohistochemical staining of myeloperoxidase (MPO), ectodysplasin (ED)-1 and ED-2, and the percentage of CD4+ interferon (IFN)-γ+ Th1 cells and IFN-γ secretion levels were determined. Activated Th1 cells and pentoxifylline, a cell differentiation inhibitor, were used to assess the role of Th1 cells in EA treatment of POI. Neostigmine administration and unilateral vagotomy were performed to confirm whether the effects of EA treatment on Th1 cells were mediated by the vagus nerve (VN). Results: The results revealed that EA treatment at ST36 improved POI, as indicated by a decreased level of inflammatory-related markers and immune cell infiltration and shortened colonic transit time. The activated Th1 cells abolished the effects of EA treatment on POI. The effects of EA treatment on POI were enhanced by stimulation of the VN along with a decreased level of Th1 cells, but these effects were abolished by vagotomy along with an increased percentage of Th1 cells; this result indicates that the VN mediates the role of Th1 cells in the effects of EA treatment of POI. Conclusion: Our findings showed that the effects of EA treatment of POI were mainly mediated by Th1 cells through the stimulation of the VN and inhibition of the inflammatory response.
Discrepancies in plantar pressure distribution between affected and unaffected sides in patients with plantar fasciitis
Authors: Kyung Min Gyu , Lee Dong-Oh , Moon Kihyun , Yoon Young Sik , Lee Dong Yeon 
Published: May 2024

Purpose A fundamental understanding of plantar pressure distribution is important for prescribing an appropriate orthosis and applying nonoperative methods, such as stretching exercises, for the treatment of plantar fasciitis. Despite existing research on plantar pressure distribution, discrepancies between affected and unaffected sides in unilateral plantar fasciitis patients warrant further investigation. This study aimed to evaluate the plantar pressure distribution in patients with unilateral plantar fasciitis by comparing it with that on the contralateral unaffected side. Methods We retrospectively reviewed records from 20 consecutive patients diagnosed with unilateral plantar fasciitis, using the unaffected side as the control. The emed® pedobarographic system was used to measure the plantar pressure distribution during gait. The analysis was performed using a 4-mask configuration (toes, forefoot, midfoot, and hindfoot). Results Both sides showed no significant differences in radiographic parameters. The affected side showed a significantly higher contact area, maximum force, and force-time integrals in the midfoot. However, the unaffected side demonstrated significantly higher maximum force and force-time integrals in the hindfoot. There was no difference in the distribution of the peak pressure and pressure-time integrals between the two sides in all mask regions. The increased contact area and maximum force in the midfoot on the side with plantar fasciitis may result from heel pain-induced weight transfer from the hindfoot. Conclusion The findings of this study provide a basic understanding of plantar pressure distribution in the treatment of plantar fasciitis and highlight the importance of considering inter-side differences when designing treatment interventions or orthotic devices.
Clinical impact of fluoropolymer-based drug-eluting stent thrombosis in femoropopliteal artery occlusive lesions
Authors: Shimizu Haruna , Kobayashi Taira , Okazaki Takanobu , Mochizuki Shingo , Maeda Kazuki , Sato Tomoyasu , Emura Shogo , Arai Yasunori , Kato Yuichi , Takahashi Shinya 
Published: May 2024

Background Endovascular treatment (EVT) is recommended for superficial femoral artery (SFA) lesions, and good results have been reported after implantation of drug-eluting stents (DES) for SFA. However, the major concern after implantation is acute thrombosis during the follow-up period, resulting in major amputation and major adverse limb events. In this study, we examined the incidence and outcome of acute thrombosis after DES implantation in the SFA. Objectives and Methods DES implantation for a femoropopliteal lesion was performed in 288 patients at multiple centers in Japan from 2019 to 2021. A total of 25 patients (8.6%) with DES acute occlusion were analyzed retrospectively. The primary endpoint was amputation-free survival (AFS) after acute occlusion. Results The median patient age was 77 years, with 48% having diabetes, 40% undergoing maintenance dialysis, and 66% having chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI). The mean time from initial DES implantation to acute occlusion was 153.5 ± 177.6 days, with a median of 104 days. EVT was performed in 18 patients (72%), surgical revascularization in 3 (12%), and conservative treatment in 4 (16%). Two deaths within 30 days were both due to sepsis. No major amputation or major adverse cardiovascular events occurred within 30 days. The 1-year rates of patency and freedom from target lesion revascularization after DES thrombosis were 22.9% and 48.8%, respectively. AFS at 1 year was 55.1%. Conclusion Acute DES occlusion is relatively frequent, and the outcome is poor. Therefore, the indication of DES implantation for a complex SFA lesion may require careful consideration. Further investigation may be needed in DES implantation for a complex SFA lesion.