bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supratentorial primary intra-axial tumors in children
Authors: Higano S. , Takahashi S. , Kurihara N. , Ishii K. , Matsumoto K. , Shirane R. , Katakura R. , Singh L. N. , Yamada S. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: to evaluate the MR and CT features of pediatric supratentorial intra-axial tumors with respect to differential diagnosis and the role of each investigation modality Material and Methods: MR and CT findings in 40 children with 12 types of pathologically proven histological tumors were reviewed Results: the location of tumors might be one clue to differential diagnosis. in our material, cysts (60%), calcifications (45%), and intratumoral hemorrhages (27%) were found in the tumors. Characteristic features noted in some lesions included: peritumoral hemosiderin deposition in cavernous angiomas; intratumoral flow void in a choroid plexus carcinoma and in glioblastomas; and hemicerebral atrophy in germinomas. A comparison between malignant and benign tumors showed perifocal edema and a mass effect to be significantly more common in malignant lesions. Homogeneous enhancement suggested a benign tumor and an inhomogeneous pattern represented malignancy, while the lack of obvious enhancement did not always suggest benignity. Intratumoral calcium deposition was a not uncommon finding in malignant tumors Conclusion: in most cases, the exact diagnosis should be made by histological examination but it is important for treatment planning that the appropriate depiction of tumor extension and tissue characterization be made by MR and CT
Abdominal CT features and survival in acquired immunodeficiency
Authors: Knollmann F. D. , Mäurer J. , Grünewald T. , Schedel H. , Vogl T. J. , Pohle H. D. , Felix R. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: HIV-infected patients show a high incidence of abdominal disease. This investigation was made to determine whether abdominal CT provided prognostically relevant information in these patients Material and Methods: Images from 533 abdominal CT examinations in 339 HIV-infected patients were retrospectively reviewed for signs of abdominal disease, and correlated with clinical data and survival rates. the Kaplan-Meier analysis and rank testing of survival, and proportional hazards regression were used to define prognostic clinical and imaging findings Results: of the 339 patients, 278 (82%) showed abnormal abdominal findings on CT. Median survival was 29 months. of the imaging findings, hepatic masses (n=11), pathologically enlarged lymph nodes (n=48), and ascites (n=7) were associated with poor survival, giving a median survival of respectively 13 months, 15 months, and less than 1 month. These three features showed no association with CD4+-T-lymphocyte count or CDC category. Main determinants of survival were a low CD4+-T-lymphocyte count, and certain abnormal CT findings. Splenomegaly (n=147), hepatomegaly (n=144), and lymphadenopathy (n=111) were the most common abdominal findings on CT but lacked prognostic relevance Conclusion: Abdominal CT offered prognostic implications in HIV-infected patients and might serve in risk stratification in selected patients. CT features such as hepatic masses, grossly enlarged lymph nodes, or ascites indicate advanced immunosuppression
Morphometric measurement of abdominal organs
Authors: Groell R. , Machan L. , Schaffler G. J. , Uggowitzer M. , Peichel K. H. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: to determine interobserver variability in the morphometric measurement of abdominal organs with US and spiral CT, and to compare the results obtained with these two modalities Material and Methods: US and spiral CT examinations of the abdomen were performed in 25 patients. in each patient, 13 defined distances were measured in the liver, spleen and both kidneys with US and spiral CT by two pairs of radiologists in a blinded manner. the interobserver variations of these measurements were evaluated for the US and CT examinations, and the data of both modalities were compared with one another Results: the measurement of distances in the abdomen with US and spiral CT is subject to considerable interobserver variability in both modalities. the relative interobserver variations showed marked differences, according to which distance was measured. the average interobserver variations were higher in US than in CT. A direct comparison of US and spiral CT revealed that distances obtained with CT frequently exceeded those obtained with US Conclusion: Morphometric measurements of abdominal organs with US and with spiral CT showed considerable differences. the follow-up examinations should therefore be performed with the same imaging modality as used in the original examination
Absorbed dose and image quality in examinations of the colon with digital and analogue techniques
Authors: Persliden J. , Larsson P. , Norén B. , Wirell S. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: Image quality and the absorbed dose to the patient are issues of primary interest in the change-over from the conventional analogue technique to the digital technique in the examination of the colon by means of fluoroscopy. the aim of this study was to compare the incident radiation and to evaluate the image quality in two different X-ray equipment types, one digital and one analogue Material and Methods: A kerma-area product meter was used to measure the incident radiation to the patient. Both fluoroscopy and total-examination times were measured as was the number of images. an evaluation of image quality was made and statistically analysed Results and Conclusion: No significant difference in the irradiation dose was observed between the two techniques. the fluoroscopy time was significantly lower with the conventional technique but the total-examination time decreased by 18% with the digital technique. the total number of images taken was higher with the digital technique (25 images compared to 19) owing to the limited field of the image intensifier. Significantly more noise and less sharpness were observed with the digital system but there was no significant difference in contrast or image quality in the various anatomical structures. Although the change-over to the digital system produced a reduction in sharpness and an increase in noise, and no significant dose saving was measured, the digital system was faster to work with and could well be used for diagnostic purposes
Unusual imaging presentations in renal transitional cell carcinoma
Authors: Lee T.-Y. , Ko S.-F. , Wan Y.-L. , Cheng Y.-F. , Yang W.-C. , Hsieh H.-H. , Chen W.-J. , Eng H.-L. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: to report on unusual imaging presentations in renal transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) Material and Methods: Imaging studies of 140 cases of pathologically proven renal TCC were retrospectively studied with the focus on unusual presentations Results: Unusual imaging manifestations were found in 20 cases (14.3%). These findings were classified into 5 categories: perirenal abscesses or perirenal hematomas in 6 cases; parenchymal masses in 5; undue thickening of the hydronephrotic wall in 4; “tuberculoid” pyelograms in 3; and tumors with massive necrosis in 2 Conclusion: Deceptive imaging presentations may occur in renal TCC. Recognition of these presentations may help to prevent delay in diagnosis
Pelvic pain syndrome caused by ovarian varices
Authors: Tarazov P. G. , Prozorovskij K. V. , Ryzhkov V. K. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: the aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical effect of therapeutic embolization in the pelvic congestion syndrome caused by ovarian varices Material and Methods: Six women, aged 25–40 years, with pelvic pain syndrome and marked left (n=5) or bilateral (n=1) ovarian varicocele were treated by transcatheter retrograde venous embolization Results: the pelvic pain syndrome disappeared in all patients within 4 weeks, and there was regression of the periodic pain in 2 women with dysmenorrhoea. the patients were free of symptoms during the 1–4-year follow-up Conclusion: Marked ovarian varices may cause a pelvic pain syndrome. Percutaneous embolization improves both the chronic pain and the dysmenorrhea in these patients. Transcatheter treatment could be considered as an alternative to surgical or laparoscopic ligation in ovarian varicocele
Resistive index of the intrascrotal artery in scrotal inflammatory disease
Authors: Jee W.-H. , Choe B.-Y. , Byun J.-Y. , Shinn K.-S. , Hwang T.-K. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: to investigate the utility of the resistive indices (RIs) of the epididymal and intratesticular arteries, and to establish diagnostic criteria for scrotal inflammatory disease on the basis of quantitative color Doppler sonography Material and Methods: We prospectively examined 29 consecutive patients with scrotal pain, and 15 normal control subjects. the RIs of the intratesticular and epididymal arteries were obtained from color Doppler sonographs Results: the RIs of the testicular artery in epididymoorchitis were significantly lower than those in normal control subjects and in epididymitis (p<0.01) while the RIs of the testicular artery in epididymitis and control subjects were similar (p>0.5). with a cut-off value of RI=0.5, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and positive and negative predictive values were 91%, 94%, 94%, 83%, and 77% respectively. the mean RI of the epididymal arteries in epididymitis and epididymoorchitis was 0.49±0.11. A high level of diagnostic accuracy in scrotal inflammatory disease was achieved when the RIs of the intratesticular and epididymal arteries were less than 0.5 and 0.7 respectively Conclusion: the RI of the intrascrotal artery would give a more objective evaluation than subjective assessment and could provide diagnostic criteria for scrotal inflammatory disease
Mr-guided joint puncture and real-time mr-assisted contrast media application
Authors: Trattnig S. , Breitenseher M. , Pretterklieber M. , Kontaxis G. , Rand T. , Helbich T. , Imhof H. 
Published: January 2010

Objective: to develop, in MR arthrography of the shoulder joint, an MR-guided technique for localizing the needle puncture and confirming the intracapsular needle-tip position by visualization of the contrast media inflow Material and Methods: Three unfixed human shoulder specimens were examined on a 1.0 T MR unit. on the basis of MR-compatible markers, the optimal entrance point for puncturing the joint was determined. the precise localization of the needle tip (MR-compatible 0.7-mm needle) in the shoulder joint was determined with rapid localizer GRE sequences in 2 orthogonal planes. to confirm the intracapsular position of the needle tip, diluted Gd-DTPA was applied via a long connecting tube and contrast medium inflow into the joint space was controlled on an LCD screen in real-time MR imaging (local-look technique) Results: MR-compatible markers on the skin allowed the rapid determination of the optimal entrance point for needle puncture. an adequate localization of the intra-articular needle-tip position was possible in all specimens although significant artifacts were present on rapid localizer GRE sequences which resulted in an increase in the apparent width of the needle shaft. Real-time MR imaging of the contrast medium inflow was made possible by the local-look technique and LCD screen on the MR unit and this allowed confirmation of the intracapsular position Conclusion: in MR arthrography of the shoulder, an MR-guided technique in conjunction with the LCD screen and real-time MR imaging would seem to be a practical alternative to conventional fluoroscopic guidance
MR imaging of the wrist in carpal tunnel syndrome
Authors: Bak L. , Bak S. , Gaster P. , Mathiesen F. , Ellemann K. , Bertheussen K. , Zeeberg I. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: to determine whether specific parameters measured on MR images correlated to electrophysiological changes in carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) Material and Methods: Prospective clinical examinations were made of 20 patients with suspected CTS. We performed bilateral electrophysiological examinations of the median nerve and bilateral MR imaging of the wrists Results: the electrophysiological examination suggested median nerve entrapment in 18 wrists. These wrists were compared to the remaining 22 electrophysiologically normal wrists. in addition, we compared both wrists in 12 patients with unilateral symptoms of CTS without reference to the electrophysiological findings. We found no difference in specific MR parameters between the 2 groups Conclusion: Neither symptoms nor electrophysiological findings in CTS were related to specific MR parameters
Postero-anterior radiogram of the knee in weight-bearing and semiflexion
Authors: Boegård T. , Rudling O. , Petersson I. F. , Sanfridsson J. , Saxne T. , Svensson B. , Jonsson K. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: the purpose was four-fold: to assess the reproducibility of p.a. weight-bearing radiograms of the knee and the minimal joint-space (MJS) width measurements in these radiograms; to compare the MJS with MR-detected cartilage defects; to evaluate the location of these cartilage defects; and to estimate the relation between meniscal abnormalities and joint-space narrowing Material and Methods: Fifty-nine individuals, aged 41–58 years (mean 50), with chronic knee pain were examined by means of p.a. weight-bearing radiograms in semi-flexion with fluoroscopic guidance of the knee joint. the MJS was measured with a standard ruler. on the same day MR imaging was performed with proton-density- and T2-weighted turbo spin-echo on a 1.0 T imager. Meniscal abnormalities and cartilage defects in the tibiofemoral joint (TFJ) were noted Results and Conclusion: the p.a. view of the knee and the MJS measurements were reproducible. MJS of 3 mm is a limit in diagnosing joint-space narrowing in knees with MR-detected cartilage defects. There was a high proportion <p<0.001) of meniscal abnormality within the narrowed compartments in comparison with those that were not narrowed. A larger number of the cartilage defects (p<0.05) was found in the medial femoral condyle than in any of the other condyles of the TFJ. the defects had a dorsal location <p<0.001) as shown in the weight-bearing radiograms of the knee in semiflexion
Magnetization transfer and spin lock MR imaging of patellar cartilage degeneration at 0.1 t
Authors: Koskinen S. K. , Ylä-Outinen H. , Aho H. J. , Komu M. E. S. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: to investigate magnetization transfer (MT) parameters and rotating frame relaxation time T1ρ in patellar cartilage at different levels of degeneration Material and Methods: Thirty cadaveric patellae were examined at 0.1 T using the time-dependent saturation-transfer MT technique and the spin lock (SL) technique. in an SL experiment, nuclear spins are locked with a radiofrequency (RF) field, and the locked nuclear magnetization relaxes along the magnetic component of the locking RF field. the specimens were divided into three groups according to the level of cartilage degeneration. MT parameters and T1ρ were measured Results: the MT effect was greater in degenerated cartilage than in normal cartilage. T1ρ was longer in advanced cartilage degeneration than in intermediate cartilage degeneration Conclusion: the results suggest that more studies are needed to fully establish the value of SL imaging in cartilage degeneration
Combinations of nonlabeled, 125I-Labeled, and Anti-Idiotypic Antiplacental Alkaline Phosphatase Monoclonal Antibodies at Experimental Radioimmunotargeting
Authors: Norrlund R. Rossi , Holback D. , Johansson L. , Hietala S.-O. , Åhlström K. Riklund 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: Placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) is a membrane-bound oncofetal antigen that can be used for radioimmunotargeting. Preinjection of nonlabeled monoclonal anti-PLAP antibody (H7) and postinjection of monoclonal anti-idiotypic anti-PLAP antibody (αPH7) were used in order to improve the localization efficacy of 125I-labeled H7 Material and Methods: A human cervix adenocarcinoma cell line (HeLa Hep 2) was inoculated subcutaneously in 24 nude mice. Repeated quantitative radioimmunoscintigraphic recordings were performed on 27 occasions in each of the 24 mice during the observation period which lasted for nearly 3 months. the tumor and nontumor doses were calculated according to the Medical International Radiation Dose Committee formula on the basis of the scintigraphic data Results: All tumors were clearly visualized as early as one day after injection of 125I-labeled H7. the remaining radioactivity was exclusively located in the tumors at days 30–81. as much as 12–16% of the injected dose/g accumulated in the tumors during the first 2 days after injection, and remained stable at this high level for approximately 10 days in all investigated groups. Radioactivity in the whole body was rapidly eliminated during the same time period. the highest tumor/nontumor dose ratio was obtained after a single injection of 125I-labeled H7 Conclusion: Neither a preinjection of nonlabeled H7 nor a postinjection of αPH7 nor a combination of both strategies resulted in improved tumor/nontumor dose ratios compared to a single injection of labeled H7. the monoclonal antibody H7 has a rapid and high uptake, combined with a prolonged retention time in the tumors. the kinetic properties of H7 are different from antibodies targeting intracellular tumor antigens
Diagnostic efficacy of MnDPDP in MR imaging of the liver
Authors: Wang C. , Ahlström H. , Ekholm S. , Fagertun H. , Hellström M. , Hemmingsson A. , Holtås S. , Isberg B. , Jonnson E. , Lönnemark-Magnusson M. , McGill S. , Wallengren N.-O. , Westman L. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: To assess the diagnostic efficacy, safety and tolerability of mangafodipir trisodium (MnDPDP, Teslascan) in MR imaging of the liver. Material and Methods: Eighty-two patients from 4 centres underwent MR imaging with pre-contrast sequences including T1-weighted SE and GRE, and T2-weighted turbo SE sequences. MnDPDP at a dose of 5 μmol/kg b.w. was administered by slow i.v. infusion, and 20–60 min after infusion the T1-weighted SE and GRE sequences were repeated. Diagnostic efficacy was evaluated by counting the number of lesions and by evaluating whether more information for lesion characterisation was available in post-contrast images. Safety and tolerability were assessed by recording adverse events and infusion-related discomfort. Results: Significantly more lesions were found in MnDPDP-enhanced T1-weighted SE and GRE images than in unenhanced images of the same sequences. More lesions were also found in these images compared with T2-weighted images at a level of marginal significance. More information was obtained from MnDPDP-enhanced images in 40 cases. Mild to moderate adverse events were experienced by 17% of the patients. Conclusion: MnDPDP-enhanced images can improve lesion detection in the liver and are helpful for lesion characterisation. To obtain optimal diagnostic information of liver lesions T2-weighted images are also valuable. MnDPDP is a safe contrast agent for MR imaging of liver lesions.
Tumoural portal vein thrombosis
Authors: Marti-Bonmati L. , Lonjedo E. , Mathieu D. , Coffin C. , Poyatos C. , Anglade M. C. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: Intrahepatic thrombus is usually associated with either cirrhosis or hepato-cellular carcinoma (HCC). Most HCCs enhance after the administration of MnDPDP (Teslascan). Our objective was to analyze the enhancement characteristics of tumour portal vein thrombi. Material and Methods: Thrombi affecting the main or segmental portal veins (17 cases) and the suprahepatic inferior vena cava (1 case) were retrospectively selected from a series of 128 patients studied with MR imaging before and after the administration of MnDPDP. Enhancement was assessed qualitatively and quantitatively. Results: All tumour thrombi enhanced after MnDPDP administration. The enhancement was more conspicuous in the GRE images. On the quantitative evaluation, the portal thrombus enhancement was greater for GRE images than SE images. Portal thrombi enhanced more than the liver and the HCCs. There was a significant difference between the enhancement of the HCCs and the thrombi with both MR imaging techniques. Conclusion: The greater enhancement of the tumour thrombus associated with the liver and HCC may suggest that other mechanisms, apart from accumulation of the contrast medium within the hepatocytes inside the thrombi, are involved in thrombus enhancement.
Overview of MnDPDP as a pancreas-specific contrast agent for MR imaging
Authors: Ahlström H. , Gehl H.-B. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: To describe and discuss previous and ongoing clinical and experimental studies with MnDPDP (Teslascan) as a pancreas-specific contrast agent for MR imaging. Material and Methods: All results, both experimental and clinical, applying MnDPDP as a pancreas-specific contrast agent for MR imaging, were collected. Results: An increase of up to 100% in signal intensity was seen in normal pancreatic parenchyma, reaching its maximum approximately 25 min after the beginning of MnDPDP administration. Maximal enhancement was sustained for 4 h. Enhancement was only seen in the T1-weighted images. No enhancement was observed in tumours and an increase in contrast-to-noise of about 200% was obtained. The uptake of MnDPDP in pancreatitis compared with normal pancreatic parenchyma was decreased in an animal model. Conclusion: Improved depiction and demarcation of pancreatic tumours with MR imaging were obtained after administration of MnDPDP. MR imaging with and without MnDPDP might be valuable for staging of pancreatitis.
MR imaging properties and pharmacokinetics of MnDPDP in healthy volunteers
Authors: Wang C. , Gordon P. B. , Hustvedt S. O. , Grant D. , Sterud A. Tufte , Martinsen I. , Ahlström H. , Hemmingsson A. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: Thirteen male volunteers were studied to evaluate the MR imaging properties and pharmacokinetics of 10 mM mangafodipir trisodium infusion (MnDPDP, Teslascan). Material and Methods: Doses of 5 and 10 μmol/kg b.w. were administered by bolus injection (<1 min) to 5 subjects, and by infusion (20 min) to 8 subjects, with a 3-week wash-out between doses. Infusion subjects underwent MR imaging. Results: At 1 h after infusion, the plasma concentration of Mn was reduced to ∼15% of the maximum value. Fifteen to 20% of Mn was recovered in the urine, and 50–60% was recovered in the faeces. The rapid initial plasma clearance of Mn is consistent with both rapid tissue uptake and rapid renal elimination. Increases in signal intensity were apparent on T1-weighted images of the liver, pancreas, spleen, renal cortex and the renal medulla, but not in regions of the brain protected by an intact blood-brain barrier. Increases were seen in the choroid plexus and pituitary. Contrast-related adverse events, only flushing of moderate intensity, occurred in bolus injection subjects. Conclusion: At 5 and 10 μmol/kg, mangafodipir produces relatively long-lasting enhancement of several abdominal organs, including the liver, pancreas and kidney.