bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On nonlinear Schrödinger equations in exterior domains
Authors: Burq N , Gérard P , Tzvetkov N 
Published: February 2012

We prove a local smoothing effect and Strichartz type estimates for the Schrödinger equation on the exterior of a non-trapping obstacle. As a consequence we deduce global existence and uniqueness results for the Cauchy problem for nonlinear Schrödinger equations in these particular geometries.

Résumé
On démontre un effet de régularisation local et des inégalités de type Strichartz pour l’équation de Schrödinger à l’extérieur d’un obstacle non captant. On en déduit des résultats d’existence globale et d’unicité pour l’équation de Schrödinger non linéaire.
Stability of radially symmetric travelling waves in reaction–diffusion equations
Authors: Roussier Violaine 
Published: February 2012

The asymptotic behaviour as

t

goes to infinity of solutions

u(x,t)

of the multidimensional parabolic equation

u_t=Δu+F(u)

is studied in the “bistable” case. More precisely, we consider the stability of spherically symmetric travelling waves with respect to small perturbations. First, we show that such waves are stable against spherically symmetric perturbations, and that the perturbations decay like

(\log\,t)/t^2

as

t

goes to infinity. Next, we observe that this stability result cannot hold for arbitrary (i.e., non-symmetric) perturbations. Indeed, we prove that there exist small perturbations such that the solution

u(x,t)

does not converge to a spherically symmetric profile as

t

goes to infinity. More precisely, for any direction

k\in S^{n−1}

, the restriction of

u(x,t)

to the ray

\{x=kr | r⩾0\}

converges to a

k

-dependent translate of the one-dimensional travelling wave.

Résumé

On étudie le comportement pour les grands temps des solutions

u(x,t)

de l’équation parabolique

u_t=Δu+F(u)

dans le cas “bistable” et dans tout l’espace, en dimension supérieure. Plus précisément, on s’intéresse à la stabilité d’ondes progressives à symétrie sphérique pour de petites perturbations. Dans un premier temps, on montre que cette famille d’ondes est stable pour des perturbations à symétrie sphérique et que cette perturbation décroît comme

(\log\,t)/t^2

quand

t

tend vers l’infini. On montre ensuite que cette stabilité est mise en défaut pour des perturbations quelconques. En effet, on met en évidence des perturbations pour lesquelles la solution ne tend pas vers une onde à symétrie sphérique : dans chaque direction

k\in S^{n−1}

, la restriction de

u(x,t)

au rayon

\{x=kr | r⩾0\}

converge vers un translaté de l’onde progressive unidimensionnelle dépendant de

k

.
Statistical mechanics of the N-point vortex system with random intensities on a bounded domain
Authors: Neri Cassio 
Published: February 2012

The system of

N

point vortices on a bounded domain

Ω

is considered under the hypothesis that vortex intensities are independent and identically distributed random variables with respect to a law

P

supported on a bounded subset of

ℝ

. It is shown that, in the limit

N→+∞

, the 1-vortex distribution on

Ω

is a minimizer of the free energy functional (a combination of entropy and energy functionals) and is associated to (some) solutions of the following non-linear Poisson Equation (called Mean Field Equation):

\tag{1}
\begin{cases}
- \Delta u\left(x\right) = \left[\int \int e^{ - \beta ru\left(y\right)}\text{dy}P\left(\text{d}r\right)\right]^{ - 1}\int r_{1}e^{ - \beta ru\left(x\right)}P\left(\text{d}r\right), & \forall x \in \Omega , \\ u\left(x\right) = 0, & \forall x \in \partial \Omega .
\end{cases}

Résumé

Le systéme de

N

vortex ponctuels sur un domaine

Ω

borné est considéré sous l’hypothèse que les intensités des vortex sont des variables aléatoires indépendentes et identiquement distribuées selon la loi

P

de support inclus dans un borné de

ℝ

. On montre que, à la limite quand

N→+∞

, la distribution d’un seul vortex dans

Ω

est un minimiseur de la fonctionnelle d’énergie libre (qui est une composition de l’entropie et de l’énergie) et qui est associée à (certaines) solutions de l’équation de Poisson non linéaire (dite de Champ Moyen) (1).
The growth impact of transport infrastructure investment: A regional analysis for China (1978–2008)
Authors: Yu Nannan , De Jong Martin , Storm Servaas , Mi Jianing 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThis study aims to explore the impact of transport capital stock on economic growth in Chinese regions. Using panel data for a sample of 28 provinces and municipalities over the period 1978–2008, the empirical findings show that there is significant spatial variation in the productivity effects of transport infrastructure in China. The highest output elasticity in the connection provinces of the central region means that transport investments there will yield the highest economic returns, which is in line with “the emergence of new economic center” theory. From a policy perspective, China had best give priority to the development of transport facilities in the backland region to realize the rise of Central China.
Hypercortisolism Caused by Ritonavir Associated Inhibition of CYP 3A4 Under Inhalative Glucocorticoid Therapy. 2 Case Reports and a Review of the Literature
Authors: Bernecker C. , West T. , Mansmann G. , Scherbaum W. , Willenberg H. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractRecent in vitro and in vivo studies have shown a potent inhibition of cytochrome P450 CYP3A4 through human immune deficiency virus (HIV) protease inhibitors (PIs). The PI ritonavir is described as the most potent compound within these CYP3A4 inhibitors. We present 2 cases who developed the sequelae of glucocorticoid excess following ritonavir therapy and inhalative glucocorticoid treatment: A 60-year-old HIV positive man developed the typical symptoms of Cushing’s syndrome and a 52-year-old HIV positive man developed severe osteoporosis.
Effects of Short and Prolonged Mild Intracellular Nitric Oxide Manipulations on Various Aspects of Insulin Secretion in INS-1E β-Cells
Authors: Natali A. , Santini E. , Delbarba A. , Baldi S. , Venturi E. , Tulipani A. , Nisoli E. , Ferrannini E. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractWe aimed at evaluating the impact of short and prolonged mild manipulations of intracellular nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability on the main features of insulin secretion and whether NO promotes mitochondrial biogenesis in isolated β-cells.INS-1E β-cells were exposed to either the intracellular NO donor, hydroxylamine (HA), or the NO synthase inhibitor, L-nitro-arginine-methyl-ester (l-NAME), at concentrations lower than 2.0 mM. Glucose and arginine-induced insulin secretion (GIIS and AIIS) were measured after short (1 h) or prolonged (48 h) exposure to l-NAME 1.0 and 2.0 mM or HA 0.4 and 0.8 mM, lower concentrations were also evaluated for the 1 h effects. Basal insulin secretion (BIS), with either HA or l-NAME added to culture media, and peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), nuclear respiratory factor-1 (NRF-1), and mitochondrial DNA transcription factor-A (Tfam) gene expression during chronic HA supplementation were also measured.Neither l-NAME nor HA affected insulin release at glucose 3.3 mM or in cell culture (BIS). Both short and prolonged cell exposure to l-NAME potentiated GIIS though with a flat dose-response curve while HA inhibited GIIS only at the highest concentration. AIIS was prevented by short exposure to l-NAME and potentiated by HA, while it did not respond to prolonged incubations. Prolonged cell exposure to HA had no effect on PGC-1α, NRF-1 or Tfam gene expression.In INS1E cells an intact NO synthesis is necessary to limit insulin release in response to acute glucose gradients and to fully respond to arginine while intracellular NO enrichment above the physiologic levels further inhibits GIIS and potentiate AIIS only when excessive. Prolonged NO manipulations do not affect AIIS, BIS or mitochondrial biogenesis.
Recombinant Human TSH Increases Uptake and Effective Half-life of Radioiodine in Thyroid Hormone Secreting Metastases of Follicular Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Schneider C. , Dietlein M. , Eschner W. , Schmidt M. , Kahraman D. , Kobe C. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractFollicular thyroid cancer with thyroid hormone secreting metastases is an extremely rare condition, with only a few cases reported world-wide.We here present the case of a 64-year-old female patient affected by follicular thyroid cancer with extensive thyroid hormone secreting metastases leading to TSH-suppression.We have also summarized the relevant diagnostic and therapeutic approaches and describe, for the first time, the effects of rhTSH-application in this rare tumor entity.In this patient, we found that rhTSH increased 131I-uptake into the thyroid hormone secreting metastases and prolonged the effective half-life of 131I. These effects of rhTSH should be considered when fixed activities of 131I are prescribed.
Serum Procalcitonin and Calcitonin Normal Values Before and After Calcium Gluconate Infusion
Authors: Giovanella L. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractTo evaluate and compare serum procalcitonin (PCT) and calcitonin (hCT) levels before and after stimulation with intravenous calcium gluconate in selected thyroid healthy subjects.There were enrolled 78 healthy blood donors with no history of thyroid disease, renal disease, neuroendocrine tumours, infections or inflammatory diseases, and taking no proton-pump inhibitors medication. Serum PCT and hCT were measured before and after intravenous injection of 2.5 mg/kg calcium gluconate.Undetectable basal PCT values were found in all subjects while a marginal increase occurred only in 2 male subjects after stimulation. The basal and stimulated 95th percentile hCT values were 7.80 pg/mL and 102 pg/mL in males and 5.20 pg/mL and 78.5 pg/mL in females, respectively.Our data suggest that calcium gluconate physiologically stimulate the release of mature hCT molecule from the parafollicular C-cells with no or minimal effects on the PCT release. Our preliminary results form a reliable reference platform for basal and calcium-stimulated PCT measurements in clinical studies.
Surprising complexity of the Asf1 histone chaperone-Rad53 kinase interaction
Authors: Jiao Yue , Seeger Karsten , Lautrette Aurelie , Gaubert Albane , Mousson Florence , Guerois Raphael , Mann Carl , Ochsenbein Françoise 
Published: February 2012

The histone chaperone Asf1 and the checkpoint kinase Rad53 are found in a complex in budding yeast cells in the absence of genotoxic stress. Our data suggest that this complex involves at least three interaction sites. One site involves the H3-binding surface of Asf11 with an as yet undefined surface of Rad53. A second site is formed by the Rad53-FHA1 domain binding to Asf1-
T
270
phosphorylated by casein kinase II. The third site involves the C-terminal 21 amino acids of Rad53 bound to the conserved Asf1 N-terminal domain. The structure of this site showed that the Rad53 C-terminus binds Asf1 in a remarkably similar manner to peptides derived from the histone cochaperones HirA and CAF-I. We call this binding motif, (
R
/
K
)
R
(
I
/
A
/
V
) × (
L
/
P
), the AIP box for Asf1-Interacting Protein box. Furthermore, C-terminal Rad53-
F
820
binds the same pocket of Asf1 as does histone
H
4-
F
100
. Thus Rad53 competes with histones H3-H4 and cochaperones HirA/CAF-I for binding to Asf1. Rad53 is phosphorylated and activated upon genotoxic stress. The Asf1-Rad53 complex dissociated when cells were treated with hydroxyurea but not methyl-methane-sulfonate, suggesting a regulation of the complex as a function of the stress. We identified a
rad53
mutation that destabilized the Asf1-Rad53 complex and increased the viability of
rad9
and
rad24
mutants in conditions of genotoxic stress, suggesting that complex stability impacts the DNA damage response.
Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis as a therapeutic alternative in patients with advanced congestive heart failure
Authors: Núñez Julio , González Miguel , Miñana Gema , Garcia‐Ramón Rafael , Sanchis Juan , Bodí Vicent , Núñez Eduardo , Puchades Maria Jesús , Palau Patricia , Merlos Pilar , Llàcer Angel , Miguel Alfonso 
Published: February 2012

AimsContinuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) has been proposed as an additional therapeutic resource for patients with advanced congestive heart failure (CHF). The objective of this study was to determine the therapeutic role of CAPD, in terms of surrogate endpoints, in the management of patients with advanced CHF and renal dysfunction.Methods and resultsA total of 57 candidates with New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III/IV CHF, renal dysfunction (glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2), persistent fluid congestion despite loop diuretic treatment, and at least two previous hospitalizations for acute heart failure (AHF) were invited to be included in the CAPD programme; however, 25 patients were finally included. The primary outcome was evaluated by the change at 6 and 24 weeks for the Minnesota Living With Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLWHFQ), the 6 min walk test (6MWT), NYHA class, serum natriuretic peptides [brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and N‐terminal proBNP (NT‐proBNP)], serum carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), and hospitalization rates for AHF. CAPD was associated with a substantial improvement in the MLWHFQ (−21.3, P < 0.001; and −20.4, P < 0.001), the 6MWT (54.0, P < 0.001; and 45.6, P = 0.023), and NYHA class (−1.0, P < 0.001; and −1.4, P < 0.001) at 6 and 24 weeks, respectively. The Ln(CA125) decreased markedly (−0.8, P = 0.003; and −0.98, P = 0.003), with no effect on BNP and NT‐proBNP. There was a marked reduction in the number of days hospitalized for AHF (6 month post‐CAPD vs. 6 months pre‐CAPD: −84%; P < 0.001).ConclusionsIn advanced CHF and renal dysfunction, CAPD was associated with short/mid‐term improvement in severity parameters, with an acceptable rate of side effects.
Angiogenic Remodeling in Pediatric EoE Is Associated With Increased Levels of VEGF‐A, Angiogenin, IL‐8, and Activation of the TNF‐α–NFκB Pathway
Authors: Persad Rabindranath , Huynh Hien Q. , Hao Li , Ha Jacqueline R. , Sergi Consolato , Srivastava Rahul , Persad Sujata 
Published: February 2012

ABSTRACTObjectives:Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a clinicopathologic diagnosis characterized by inflammation and infiltration of eosinophils at the esophageal mucosa. The underlying etiology of EoE remains elusive. Inflammatory diseases, such as asthma, are associated with structural remodeling of the airways, which includes angiogenesis. The aims of this study were to determine the angiogenic profile of esophageal mucosa in children presenting with EoE and to evaluate the putative mechanism(s) underlying the early inflammatory angiogenic response observed in EoE.Methods:Endoscopically obtained biopsy samples from 18 EoE and 18 control pediatric patients were analyzed for angiogenic markers (CD31, von Willebrand factor, vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1) and tissue levels of angiogenic factors (vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF]‐A, VEGF‐R2, angiogenin and interleukin [IL]‐8). Expression levels of angiogenic factors and markers in EoE and control samples were characterized by immunofluorescence analysis and quantitative reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction. Vascular density of biopsy samples was evaluated by immunofluorescence analysis.Results:Samples from patients with EoE exhibited higher levels of von Willebrand factor, CD31, and vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1, which is suggestive of neovascularization and an activated endothelium. Moreover, EoE biopsies showed greater levels of the angiogenesis promoters VEGFA, angiogenin, and IL‐8. Interestingly, there were greater cellular levels of tumor necrosis factor‐α in EoE samples compared with controls. Furthermore, there were higher nuclear levels of p50 and p65 subunits of NFκB and lower cellular levels of the inhibitor of NFκB, IκB‐α, in EoE samples compared with controls.Conclusions:We demonstrate increased angiogenesis in the esophageal mucosa of pediatric patients with EoE. The data also provided evidence that the angiogenic factors VEGF‐A, angiogenin, and IL‐8 were prominently involved in promoting angiogenic remodeling.
Association Between Mannose‐binding Lectin Gene Polymorphisms and Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Infants
Authors: Prencipe Giusi , Azzari Chiara , Moriondo Maria , Devito Rita , Inglese Rita , Pezzullo Marco , Piersigilli Fiammetta , Trucchi Alessandro , De Benedetti Fabrizio , Auriti Cinzia 
Published: February 2012

ABSTRACTObjectives:The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether polymorphisms of the mannose‐binding lectin (MBL‐2) gene and MBL serum levels on admission to neonatal intensive care unit are associated with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in preterm infants and to verify MBL expression in NEC bowels.Methods:In this retrospective cohort study, 107 neonates (41 with NEC and 66 controls) were included. MBL‐2 genotyping for the promoter polymorphism −221 and for the exon 1 variant alleles at codons 52, 54, and 57 was performed. MBL levels were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay in 55 infants. Immunohistochemical staining for MBL expression was performed on bowel specimens. The main study outcome was severe NEC (Bell stages II/III).Results:The −221 Y allele and the MBL‐2 YY genotype were more frequent in neonates with severe NEC than in controls (P = 0.04 and P = 0.004, respectively). In the multivariate analysis, the MBL‐2 YA/YA genotype was associated with NEC (odds ratio = 3.03, 95% confidence interval 1.13%–8.13%, P = 0.024). Neonates with NEC had MBL level on admission >400 ng/mL more frequently than controls (P = 0.043). Among neonates with severe NEC, the deceased neonates were carriers of high or intermediate producing MBL‐2 genotypes (P = 0.035). Finally, MBL was highly expressed in intestinal tissue from infants with NEC.Conclusions:MBL‐2 genotypes associated with high MBL serum levels represent a risk factor for NEC. This finding, together with the MBL expression in bowel tissue, supports a role for MBL in the pathogenesis of NEC.
Transport of Indole-3-Butyric Acid and Indole-3-Acetic Acid in Arabidopsis Hypocotyls Using Stable Isotope Labeling
Authors: Liu Xing , Barkawi Lana , Gardner Gary , Cohen Jerry D. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe polar transport of the natural auxins indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) has been described in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) hypocotyls using radioactive tracers. Because radioactive assays alone cannot distinguish IBA from its metabolites, the detected transport from applied [3H]IBA may have resulted from the transport of IBA metabolites, including IAA. To test this hypothesis, we used a mass spectrometry-based method to quantify the transport of IBA in Arabidopsis hypocotyls by following the movement of [13C1]IBA and the [13C1]IAA derived from [13C1]IBA. We also assayed [13C6]IAA transport in a parallel control experiment. We found that the amount of transported [13C1]IBA was dramatically lower than [13C6]IAA, and the IBA transport was not reduced by the auxin transport inhibitor N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid. Significant amounts of the applied [13C1]IBA were converted to [13C1]IAA during transport, but [13C1]IBA transport was independent of IBA-to-IAA conversion. We also found that most of the [13C1]IBA was converted to ester-linked [13C1]IBA at the apical end of hypocotyls, and ester-linked [13C1]IBA was also found in the basal end at a level higher than free [13C1]IBA. In contrast, most of the [13C6]IAA was converted to amide-linked [13C6]IAA at the apical end of hypocotyls, but very little conjugated [13C6]IAA was found in the basal end. Our results demonstrate that the polar transport of IBA is much lower than IAA in Arabidopsis hypocotyls, and the transport mechanism is distinct from IAA transport. These experiments also establish a method for quantifying the movement of small molecules in plants using stable isotope labeling.
From LAMP to Koha: case study of the Pakistan legislative assembly libraries
Authors: Shafi‐Ullah Farasat , Qutab Saima 
Published: February 2012

PurposeThis paper aims to elaborate the library data migration process from LAMP (Library Automation Management Program) to the open source software Koha's (2.2.8 Windows based) Pakistani flavour PakLAG‐Koha in six legislative assembly libraries of Pakistan.Design/methodology/approachThe paper explains different steps of the data migration from one ILM (integrated library management system) to a new ILM in six libraries over the course of three months. Qualitative research methods, i.e. direct observation and interviews, were adopted for finding the problems and solutions of the delayed project. Training and support was offered by a local volunteer group (PakLAG). One of the authors of the paper presented first‐hand experience of being a consultant of this project. The study and results are the author's own reflections and first‐hand experiences, and hence results are based on direct observations.FindingsThe paper identifies several critical issues and their solutions concerning data migration within a local scenario as well as how local consultants and support groups are coping with these issues. It was noticed that the data migration can be done quickly if any support group is properly involved with the library staff.Originality/valueThis paper provides first‐hand experience and success story of library data migration from DOS‐based ILM to open source software. Process, tools and findings discussed in this paper are valuable for the libraries planning to convert non‐MARC data to open source MARC‐based software Koha.
Student part‐time employment: characteristics and consequences
Authors: Robotham David 
Published: February 2012

PurposeThe aim of the paper is to examine the consequences of students engaging in part‐time employment during their studies. It reports the results of a survey of part‐time employment among university students. The research examined the possible consequences of combining part‐time employment with full‐time study, with particular reference to stress.Design/methodology/approachThe research consisted of an institution‐wide Web‐based survey of full‐time undergraduates within a post‐1992 university in the UK.FindingsThe survey found that part‐time employment, in common with many previous studies, is a majority experience for full‐time undergraduates. It also found that some students were spending longer in their chosen employment than in time‐tabled classes. A central finding was that unlike much previous research, it emerged here that students reported more positive than negative outcomes.Practical implicationsThe data shows that students continue to engage in part‐time employment at a significant level and for some studying is almost a secondary activity. This perhaps raises questions about the existing model of higher education delivery and the need for institutions to consider offering more support mechanisms for individual students.Originality/valueThe paper is of value in seeking to clarify the nature of the consequences for students seeking to combine employment and studying. Furthermore the paper builds on our understanding of the continuing growth of student part‐time employment.