bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Passage of the HIV capsid cracks the nuclear pore
Authors: Kreysing Jan Philipp , Heidari Maziar , Zila Vojtech , Cruz-Leon Sergio , Obarska-Kosinska Agnieszka , Laketa Vibor , Welsch Sonja , Köfinger Jürgen , Turoňová Beata , Hummer Gerhard , Kräusslich Hans-Georg , Beck Martin 
Published: April 2024

SummaryUpon infection, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) releases its cone-shaped capsid into the cytoplasm of infected T-cells and macrophages. As its largest known cargo, the capsid enters the nuclear pore complex (NPC), driven by interactions with numerous FG-repeat nucleoporins (FG-Nups). Whether NPCs structurally adapt to capsid passage and whether capsids are modified during passage remains unknown, however. Here, we combined super-resolution and correlative microscopy with cryo electron tomography and molecular simulations to study nuclear entry of HIV-1 capsids in primary human macrophages. We found that cytosolically bound cyclophilin A is stripped off capsids entering the NPC, and the capsid hexagonal lattice remains largely intact inside and beyond the central channel. Strikingly, the NPC scaffold rings frequently crack during capsid passage, consistent with computer simulations indicating the need for NPC widening. The unique cone shape of the HIV-1 capsid facilitates its entry into NPCs and helps to crack their rings.
Regulation of Microprocessor assembly and localization via Pasha’s WW domain inC. elegans
Authors: Montgomery Brooke E. , Knittel Thiago L. , Reed Kailee J. , Chong Madeleine C. , Isolehto Ida J. , Cafferty Erin R. , Smith Margaret J. , Sprister Reese A. , Magelky Colin N. , Scherman Hataichanok , Ketting Rene F. , Montgomery Taiowa A. 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTPrimary microRNA (pri-miRNA) transcripts are processed by the Microprocessor, a protein complex that includes the ribonuclease Drosha and its RNA binding partner DGCR8/Pasha. We developed a live, whole animal, fluorescence-based sensor that reliably monitors pri-miRNA processing with high sensitivity inC. elegans. Through a forward genetic selection for alleles that desilence the sensor, we identified a mutation in the conserved G residue adjacent to the namesake W residue of Pasha’s WW domain. Using genome editing we also mutated the W residue and reveal that both the G and W residue are required for dimerization of Pasha and proper assembly of the Microprocessor. Surprisingly, we find that the WW domain also facilitates nuclear localization of Pasha, which in turn promotes nuclear import or retention of Drosha. Furthermore, depletion of Pasha or Drosha causes both components of the Microprocessor to mislocalize to the cytoplasm. Thus, Pasha and Drosha mutually regulate each other’s spatial expression inC. elegans.
Ovo is a master regulator of the piRNA pathway in animal ovarian germ cells
Authors: Alizada Azad , Hannon Gregory J , Nicholson Benjamin Czech 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe gene-regulatory mechanisms controlling the expression of the germline PIWI- interacting RNA (piRNA) pathway components within the gonads of metazoan species remain largely unexplored. In contrast to the male germline piRNA pathway, which in mice is known to be activated by the testis-specific transcription factor A-MYB, the nature of the ovary-specific gene-regulatory network driving the female germline piRNA pathway remains a mystery. Here, usingDrosophilaas a model, we combine multiple genomics approaches to reveal the transcription factor Ovo as the master regulator of the germline piRNA pathway in ovaries. The enforced expression of Ovo in somatic cells activates germline piRNA pathway components, including the ping-pong factors Aubergine, Argonaute-3, and Vasa, leading to assembly of peri-nuclear cellular structures resembling nuage bodies of germ cells. Cross-species ChIP-seq and motif analyses demonstrate Ovo binding to genomic CCGTTA motifs within the promoters of germline piRNA pathway genes, suggesting a regulation by Ovo in ovaries analogous to that of A-MYB in testes. Our results also show consistent engagement of the Ovo transcription factor family at ovarian piRNA clusters across metazoan species, reflecting a deep evolutionary conservation of this regulatory paradigm from flies to humans.
CurrentSchistosoma mansoniexposure and infection have distinct determinants: a data-driven population-based study in rural Uganda
Authors: Reitzug Fabian , Kabatereine Narcis B. , Byaruhanga Anatol M. , Besigye Fred , Nabatte Betty , Chami Goylette F. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractExposure to parasitic flatworms causing schistosomiasis is a complex set of human-environment interactions. Yet, exposure often is equated to current infection. Here we studied risk factors and population patterns of exposure (water contact) within the SchistoTrack Cohort for 2867 individuals aged 5-90 years in Eastern and Western Uganda. Households within 0.34 km of waterbodies accounted for 80% of all water contact. We found a 15-year gap between population-level peak in water contact (age 30) and infection (age 15) with practically no correlation (ρ=0.03) of individual-level water contact and current infection. Bayesian selection for 30 biosocial variables was used to separately predict water contact and current infection. Water contact was positively associated with older age, female gender, fishing occupation, lack of site contamination, unsafe village drinking water, number of sites and type (beach/pond), lower village-level infection prevalence, and fewer village roads. Among these variables, only older age and fishing were positively, though inconsistently associated with infection status/intensity. Water, sanitation, and hygiene influenced water contact but not infection. Our findings highlight that exposure was highly focal and at-risk groups for exposure and infection were different. Precision mapping and targeted treatment/interventions directly focused on exposure are needed to save medicines and reduce transmission.
Unified Treatment of Light Emission by Inelastic Tunneling: Interaction of Electrons and Photons beyond the Gap
Authors: Muniain Unai , Esteban Ruben , Aizpurua Javier , Greffet Jean-Jacques 
Published: April 2024

A direct current through a metal-insulator-metal tunneling junction emits light when surface-plasmon polaritons (SPPs) are excited. Two distinct processes are believed to coexist in this light emission mediated by surface plasmons: inelastic tunneling, where electrons excite SPPs in the insulator gap, and hot-electron radiative decay, which occurs in the electrodes after elastic tunneling. Previous theoretical approaches to study light emission by inelastic tunneling have relied on Bardeen’s approximation where the electronic wave functions are considered only in the barrier of the junction. In this work, we introduce an extension to models of inelastic tunneling by incorporating the full quantum device solution of the Schrödinger equation, which can also account for processes in the metallic electrodes. The extension unveils the existence of long-range correlations of the current density across the barrier and enables us to establish the equivalence between two models widely used in the past: (i) a calculation of the inelastic transition rate between two states across the barrier based on Fermi’s golden rule and (ii) a calculation of the power transferred to plasmons by current fluctuations. Importantly, the new model accounts for processes that take place in the metallic electrodes and that could not be described within Bardeen’s approximation. Hence, it is no longer necessary to invoke a hot-electron mechanism to obtain a dependence on the geometry of metallic electrodes. The new framework enables to discuss the role of surface plasmons localized in different metal-insulator interfaces and to include possible nonlocal effects at the interfaces.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Understanding dollar dynamics and SME performance in GCC economies
Authors: Yusuf Nadia , Ali Inass Salamah , Zubair Tariq 
Published: April 2024

PurposeThis study investigates the impact of US dollar volatility and oil rents on the performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region, with an emphasis on understanding how these factors influence SME financing constraints in economies with fixed currency regimes.Design/methodology/approachEmploying a random effects panel regression analysis, this research considers US dollar volatility and oil rents as independent variables, with SME performance, measured through the financing gap, as the dependent variable. Controls such as trade balance, inflation deltas and gross domestic product (GDP) growth are included to isolate their effects on SME financing constraints.FindingsThe study reveals a significant positive relationship between dollar volatility and the financing gap, suggesting that increased volatility can exacerbate SME financing constraints. Conversely, oil rents did not show a significant direct influence on SME performance. The trade balance and inflation deltas were found to have significant effects, highlighting the multifaceted nature of economic variables affecting SMEs.Research limitations/implicationsThe study acknowledges potential biases due to omitted variables and the limitations inherent in the use of secondary data.Practical implicationsFindings offer pertinent guidance for SMEs and policymakers in the GCC region seeking to develop strategies that mitigate the impact of currency volatility and support SME financing.Originality/valueThe research provides new insights into the dynamics of SME performance within fixed currency regimes, which significantly contributes to the limited literature in this area. The paper further underscores the complex connections between global economic factors and SME financial health.
The influence of shear surface quality on the mechanical properties of long-span prestressed continuous rigid-frame bridge
Authors: Zhang Xinmin , Luo Jiqing , Dong Zhenhua , Jiang Linsong 
Published: April 2024

PurposeThe long-span continuous rigid-frame bridges are commonly constructed by the section-by-section symmetrical balance suspension casting method. The deflection of these bridges is increasing over time. Wet joints are a typical construction feature of continuous rigid-frame bridges and will affect their integrity. To investigate the sensitivity of shear surface quality on the mechanical properties of long-span prestressed continuous rigid-frame bridges, a large serviced bridge is selected for analysis.Design/methodology/approachIts shear surface is examined and classified using the damage measuring method, and four levels are determined statistically based on the core sample integrity, cracking length and cracking depth. Based on the shear-friction theory of the shear surface, a 3D solid element-based finite element model of the selected bridge is established, taking into account factors such as damage location, damage number and damage of the shear surface. The simulated results on the stress distribution of the local segment, the shear surface opening and the beam deflection are extracted and analyzed.FindingsThe findings indicate that the main factors affecting the ultimate shear stress and shear strength of the shear surface are size, shear reinforcements, normal stress and friction performance of the shear surface. The connection strength of a single or a few shear surfaces decreases but with little effect on the local stress. Cracking and opening mainly occur at the 1/4 span. Compared with the rigid “Tie” connection, the mid-span deflection of the main span increases by 25.03% and the relative deflection of the section near the shear surface increases by 99.89%. However, when there are penetrating cracks and openings in the shear surface at the 1/2 span, compared with the 1/4 span position, the mid-span deflection of the main span and the relative deflection of the cross-section increase by 4.50%. The deflection of the main span increases with the failure of the shear surface.Originality/valueThese conclusions can guide the analysis of deflection development in long-span prestressed continuous rigid-frame bridges.
Social media, trust and intention to pay zakat through institution: lessons from Indonesian experience
Authors: Hamdani Lukman , Sunarsih Sunarsih , Yusfiarto Rizaldi , Rizal Achmad , Khoirunnisa Annes Nisrina 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
This study aims to elaborate on the antecedents of muzakki (zakat payers) paying zakat (Islamic philanthropy) through institutions with social media arrangements, while the drivers of social media engagement are used in the conceptual model with trust and intention.

Design/methodology/approach
Overall, the final sample of 230 respondents was obtained through the database of official zakat management institutions. Regarding analytical tools, this study combines the partial least square structural equation modelling and necessary condition analysis approaches to explore research findings.

Findings
The findings show that firm-generated information and trust play an important role directly and indirectly. At the same time, other constructions, such as social factors and user-based factors, provide variations in necessary conditions to increase the muzakki’s intention to channel their zakat through institutions.

Practical implications
Zakat institutions must focus on improving social media-based services by integrating important information, such as credibility and transparency, with muzakki’s preferences. Additionally, zakat information on social media must be attractively packaged and contain facilities that muzakki can use in communicating, such as; their opinions, suggestions and input. The findings, in general, underscore the attachment between muzakki and zakat institutions through social media, which can significantly impact the positive environment of zakat institutions.

Originality/value
To the author’s knowledge, this study is pioneering in conceptualizing and testing a theoretical model linking drivers of social media engagement, trust and intention to pay zakat through the institution, particularly in the levels of necessity.
Satisfaction unveiled: decoding the antecedents and consequences of halal tourism – a metaanalytical approach
Authors: Gautam Nikshit , Verma Mohit , Ray Bhumika 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
This study aims to identify the dimensions of satisfaction in the halal tourism literature by analyzing the identified antecedents and outcomes. The study aims to synthesize the current empirical findings in halal tourism. Additionally, this study provides a comprehensive understanding of the factors that lead to halal traveller satisfaction.

Design/methodology/approach
Using a meta-analysis approach, this paper synthesizes the fragmented and conflicting findings of 56 quantitative studies focusing on satisfaction and its antecedents and consequences in the halal tourism context. Data from 145 relationships representing an aggregate sample size of 21,173 were used. Additionally, this study extends the analysis by incorporating contemporary factors such as the impact of COVID-19, sample size and gender as moderators.

Findings
The findings indicate that both physical characteristics and psychological aspects are positively related to satisfaction. Further, this study reported that endorsement and revisit intention are the significant consequences of satisfaction. Lastly, this study identifies the significant moderating effect of the COVID-19 pandemic, sample size and gender on the relationship between satisfaction and its antecedents/consequences.

Research limitations/implications
Global halal tourism industry caters to Muslim and non-Muslim tourists across the globe; this article identifies the contributing factors of satisfaction in the halal tourism context. Policymakers can adapt according to their needs and preferences.

Originality/value
This study provides cumulative evidence to the literature regarding the relationship between satisfaction and its antecedents/consequences in halal tourism. This is the first meta-analysis study on the mentioned topic, making significant theoretical, managerial and methodological contributions to halal tourism research.
A personalized machine learning–based system to evaluate students’ skillset and analyze the gap between academia and industry for engineering students
Authors: Thavasi S. , Revathi T. 
Published: April 2024

PurposeWith so many placement opportunities around the students in their final or prefinal year, they start to feel the strain of the season. The students feel the need to be aware of their position and how to increase their chances of being hired. Hence, a system to guide their career is one of the needs of the day.Design/methodology/approachThe job role prediction system utilizes machine learning techniques such as Naïve Bayes, K-Nearest Neighbor, Support Vector machines (SVM) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) to suggest a student’s job role based on their academic performance and course outcomes (CO), out of which ANN performs better. The system uses the Mepco Schlenk Engineering College curriculum, placement and students’ Assessment data sets, in which the CO and syllabus are used to determine the skills that the student has gained from their courses. The necessary skills for a job position are then extracted from the job advertisements. The system compares the student’s skills with the required skills for the job role based on the placement prediction result.FindingsThe system predicts placement possibilities with an accuracy of 93.33 and 98% precision. Also, the skill analysis for students gives the students information about their skill-set strengths and weaknesses.Research limitations/implicationsFor skill-set analysis, only the direct assessment of the students is considered. Indirect assessment shall also be considered for future scope.Practical implicationsThe model is adaptable and flexible (customizable) to any type of academic institute or universities.Social implicationsThe research will be very much useful for the students community to bridge the gap between the academic and industrial needs.Originality/valueSeveral works are done for career guidance for the students. However, these career guidance methodologies are designed only using the curriculum and students’ basic personal information. The proposed system will consider the students’ academic performance through direct assessment, along with their curriculum and basic personal information.
Phenoxazine-based fluorescence chemosensor for selective detection of cyanide
Authors: Al-Ghamdi Huda A. 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
A highly selective cyanide phenoxazine-based fluorescence chemosensor POH was created to detect cyanide (CN) ions.

Design/methodology/approach
A malonitrile was added to a phenoxazine fluorophore to make this widely available chemosensor. By fluorescence spectroscopy, the sensor POH showed turn-off fluorescence emission for CN with 2:1 binding stoichiometry in CH3CN/H2O (90:10 v/v) medium.

Findings
The detection limits for CN were 9.8 × 10−9 M, which were much lower than WHO standards. NMR and FT-IR investigations backed up the suggested sensor POH mechanism.

Originality/value
The detection CN method should be applicable in a number of situations, where the CN anion for fresh water and drinking water has to be quickly and accurately analyzed.

Graphical abstract
Fabrication of 3D-printed GNP/TiO2/epoxy composites: an investigation on mechanical and photocatalytic properties
Authors: Güler Saadet , Yavaş Ahmet , Özler Berk , Kilinç Ahmet Çagri 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
Three-dimensional (3D) printing is popular for many applications including the production of photocatalysts. This paper aims to focus on developing of 3D-printed photocatalyst-nano composite lattice structure. Digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing of photocatalyst composites was performed using photosensitive resin mixed with 0.5% Wt. of TiO2 powder and varying amounts (0.025% Wt. to 0.2% Wt.) of graphene nanoplatelet powder. The photocatalytic efficiency of DLP 3D-printed photocatalyst TiO2 composite was investigated, and the effects of nano graphite powder incorporation on the photocatalytic activity, thermal and mechanical properties were investigated.

Design/methodology/approach
Methods involve 3D computer-aided design modeling, printing parameters and comprehensive characterization techniques such as structural equation modeling, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and mechanical testing.

Findings
Results highlight successful dispersion and characteristics of TiO2 and graphene nanoplatelet (GNP) powders, intricate designs of 3D-printed lattice structures, and the influence of GNPs on thermal behavior and mechanical properties.

Originality/value
The study suggests applicability in wastewater treatment and environmental remediation, showcasing the adaptability of 3 D printing in designing effective photocatalysts. Future research should focus on practical applications and the long-term durability of these 3D-printed composites.

Graphical abstract
First French and Indonesian university medical cooperation for promoting emergency medicine
Authors: Pujo Jean M , Lapostolle Frederic , Fitriani Dewi , Tazarourte Karim , Koswiranagara Renauld , Fremery Alexis , Mutricy Rémi , Signaté Boubacar , Burin Antoine , Resiere Dabor , Mansyur Muchtaruddin , Isbayuputra Marsen , Mulyawan Wawan , Megarbane Bruno , Kallel Hatem ,   the French‐Indonesian Association of Emergency Medicine
Published: April 2024

AbstractIndonesia and French Guiana share many geographic and medical concerns regarding access to care. The organisational needs in emergency management, particularly in the prehospital phase, are similar. Whereas emergency medicine (EM) is an academic and entire speciality in France, it is still under construction in Indonesia. In the framework of the French and Indonesian academic cooperation, the Medical school in Jakarta University and the French Guiana University in Cayenne signed a Memorandum of Understanding encompassing education programmes, joint research work and students' and health professionals' exchanges in EM. This partnership represented the first medical cooperation programme between the two countries. The first student class was launched in August 2022 and involved 50 Indonesian doctors who graduated in August 2023. The implementation and success of this Franco‐Indonesian cooperation were supported by political and academic partners from the two sides. Given the first student class's success, we aim to continue this programme, in line with Indonesia and World Health Organization's plan to establish a multi‐country training hub for health emergency operational readiness and Emergency Medical Teams.