bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Innovative Solutions for Maritime Infrastructures Monitoring and Protection
Authors: Pacini Francesco , Marroccella Daniele , Lagudi Antonio , Drago Manuel Fortunato , Buffone Francesco , De Rango Floriano , Bruno Fabio 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe global economy heavily relies on maritime commerce, commonly known as the “Blue Economy,” which involves the transportation of raw materials and products via maritime traffic and the utilization of marine resources, including oil, gas, and underwater mines. The importance of various infrastructures linked to the sea, such as fish farms, pipelines, underwater power and data cables, cannot be overstated as they have significant impacts on both local and global economies. Therefore, safeguarding these infrastructures against both symmetric and asymmetric threats is crucial to prevent disruptions to vital services and avoid negative impacts on the economy and quality of life. This book chapter presents an underwater access control system designed to monitor and prevent unauthorized access to port areas from the seaside to safeguard maritime infrastructures. The system consists of acoustic and magnetic barriers connected to a wireless communication network that can collect and transmit data to the infrastructure control centre. The system provides robust, dependable, and secure solutions for near real-time data transfer, enabling continuous monitoring and prompt response to potential threats. This chapter provides a detailed description of the system architecture and its primary components, focusing on the technological aspects and innovative solutions used to meet the proposed requirements.
Indoor Navigation with a Smartphone
Authors: Torkar Drago 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis chapter presents a cost-effective system for indoor localization and navigation that does not require the use of satellite positioning or data communication networks. The system, implemented as a smartphone app, relies on QR codes that are pre-generated and attached to the walls inside the building. By utilizing the information from these codes and the smartphone's inertial motion unit (IMU) sensors processed by the Pedestrian Dead-Reckoning (PDR) algorithm, the user's current position can be determined. The Dijkstra navigation algorithm is then used to guide the user to the desired destination. The smartphone app can also be used as a healthcare logistics service in mass-casualty incidents for collecting and reporting georeferenced triage decisions to the cloud.
Die Sorge um Andere am Lebensende
Authors: Stadelmann Karin A. 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungUnter diesem Kapitel wird der Forschungsstand über die Soziale Arbeit im Feld von Sterben und Tod bzw. in der Palliative Care aufgearbeitet – dies basierend auf der eigens durchgeführten Literaturrecherche, welche insbesondere zwischen 2018 und 2021 umgesetzt und seit 2021 bis zum März 2023 mit einzelnen neueren Publikationen ergänzt worden ist. Die Darlegung des Forschungsstandes nimmt folglich den gegenwärtigen Stand der fachwissenschaftlichen Debatte in diesen Jahren auf und geht auf deutschsprachige sowie partiell auf internationale Publikationen ein, erhebt aber für sich keinen Anspruch auf Vollständigkeit.
Die Methodologie des Forschungsprozesses
Authors: Stadelmann Karin A. 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Qualität für ein Forschungsvorhaben erwächst aus der besonderen Sorgfalt in der Vorbereitung, Analyse und Interpretation von Daten. Auch ich habe mich an diesen Maximen orientiert, um die wissenschaftliche Zielsetzung der vorliegenden Forschung zu realisieren. So wurden im Vorfeld sorgfältige Überlegungen im Hinblick auf das methodische Vorgehen und den Auswertungsprozess angestellt. Der Entscheid für die Auswertung der Daten fiel auf die dokumentarische Methode.
Empirischer Teil: Rekonstruktionen von Orientierungsmustern und Begründung des eigenen Tätigseins der Fachpersonen der Sozialen Arbeit in der Palliative Care
Authors: Stadelmann Karin A. 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungBerufliches Handeln zeigt sich nicht nur im Tun und manifestiert sich in der Handlungspraxis, sondern ebenfalls in der Narration und damit in der Form, wie über das eigene berufliche Handeln gesprochen und gedacht wird. Wie beschreiben Fachpersonen der Sozialen Arbeit ihr berufliches Handeln im Feld der Palliative Care? Dies ist die zentrale Frage der vorliegenden Forschung und dieses Kapitels. Um darauf empirisch fundierte Antworten zu finden, wurden mittels rekonstruktiven Verfahrens aus den sieben Interviews Orientierungsmuster und Begründungen, welche von Seiten der Fachpersonen selbst bezogen auf unterschiedliche Aspekte im Arbeitsalltag herangezogen wurden, herausgearbeitet.
Propensity Score-matched Comparison of WEB 17 and WEB 21 with 4–7 mm Device Sizes for the Treatment of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms
Authors: Goertz Lukas , Liebig Thomas , Siebert Eberhard , Zopfs David , Pennig Lenhard , Schlamann Marc , Radomi Alexandra , Dorn Franziska , Kabbasch Christoph 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The WEB 17 system represents the fifth generation of Woven Endobridge (WEB) flow disruptors and features a low profile with fewer wires than its predecessor, the WEB 21. The present study compares the safety and efficacy of the WEB 17 and WEB 21 for the treatment of unruptured cerebral aneurysms with 4–7 mm device sizes, which were available for both systems.

Methods
Patient and aneurysm characteristics, complications, clinical outcome and angiographic results were retrospectively analysed. 1:1 propensity score matching was performed to adjust for minor baseline differences between the groups.

Results
Sixty aneurysms treated with WEB 21 and 90 with WEB 17 were included. The overall failure rate (deployment failure and adjunctive stent) was significantly higher with WEB 21 (16.7%) than with WEB 17 (3.3%, p < 0.01). The rates of neurological events between WEB 21 (6.7%) and WEB 17 treatment (1.1%) were not significantly different (p = 0.08). Also, procedural morbidity was comparably low in both groups (WEB 21: 3.3%, WEB 17: 0%, p = 0.16). The rates of complete/adequate occlusion at follow up were 69.7%/86.4% for WEB 17 vs. 80.4%/91.3% for WEB 21 at short-term (p = 0.27), and 64.5%/83.9% vs. 75.9%/86.2% at mid-term (p = 0.41), respectively. Propensity score matching confirmed the results of the unmatched series.

Conclusion
WEB 17 and WEB 21 had a similar safety and efficacy profile, but WEB 17 was associated with an improved feasibility. Prospective studies with long-term follow-up will define the full potential of the WEB 17 system.
Information technology, market congestion, and economic geography
Authors: Aiba Ikuto 
Published: June 2024

AbstractI investigate the impact of economic integration, in terms of trade costs and information technology, on the interregional location patterns of retail firms by introducing three features into a new economic geography model: individuals consume only a restricted number of varieties; firms compete for customer acquisition; and the advancement of information technology enables consumers to easily perceive and buy products sold by firms in distant regions. I consider two possibilities regarding competition for attention: relative competition, in which a firm can attract more consumers by advertising more than the average level, and absolute competition, in which each firm competes with another to enhance the share of its advertisement in the market. I show that consumption variety is richer in the agglomerated region, but spatial consumption inequality shrinks as information technology develops. A reduction in trade costs may cause the redispersion of economic activities under sufficiently low trade costs only in the case of absolute competition. This is more likely when competition for attention is fierce and information technology is not fully developed. The results not only support the complementarity between information technology and cities but also provide a new insight that competition among firms is an important factor governing the impact of information technology on economic geography.
Cluster analysis for systematic database extension to improve machine learning performance in double-sided incremental sheet forming
Authors: Möllensiep Dennis , Schäfer Jan , Pasch Felix , Kuhlenkötter Bernd 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIncremental sheet forming is a process for the production of sheet metal parts in small batch sizes. Due to the relatively low geometrical accuracy and the lack of precise and fast finite element analysis simulations of the process, industrial use cases are rare. Recently, a vast amount of scientific approaches simulated the process by utilizing machine learning techniques. Their success is limited by the quantity and quality of the used process data. Research institutes are struggling to gather enough data without industrial cooperations. For maximizing the distribution of process data in an experimental series and therefore their applicability for machine learning, the authors present a novel cluster analysis approach to systematically extend an existing database. The whole established process database consisting of 70 forming experiments and their toolpaths and digitizations is published to be used as a foundation for similar research.
What Bordism-Theoretic Anomaly Cancellation Can Do for U
Authors: Debray Arun , Yu Matthew 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe perform a bordism computation to show that the $$E_{7(7)}({\mathbb {R}})$$

E

7
(
7
)

(
R
)

U-duality symmetry of 4d $${\mathcal {N}} = 8$$

N
=
8

supergravity could have an anomaly invisible to perturbative methods; then we show that this anomaly is trivial. We compute the relevant bordism group using the Adams and Atiyah–Hirzebruch spectral sequences, and we show the anomaly vanishes by computing $$\eta $$
η
-invariants on the Wu manifold, which generates the bordism group.
Impact of frailty on perioperative outcomes following percutaneous nephrolithotomy in older persons: evidence from the US Nationwide Inpatient Sample
Authors: Chien You-Chiuan , Chen Pao-Hwa , Chang Yaw-Jen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTo evaluate the impact of frailty on perioperative outcomes of older patients undergoing PCNL, utilizing the US Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) database. Data of hospitalized patients ≥ 60 years who received PCNL were extracted from the 2010 to 2020 NIS database, and included demographics, clinical, and hospital-related information. Patients were assigned to low (< 5), medium (5–15), and high frailty risk (> 15) groups based on the hospital frailty risk score (HFRS). Associations between frailty risk and perioperative outcomes including total hospital cost were determined using population-weighted linear and logistic regression analyses. Data of 30,829 hospitalized patients were analyzed (mean age 72.5 years; 55% male; 78% white). Multivariable analyses revealed that compared to low frailty risk, increased frailty risk was significantly associated with elevated in-hospital mortality (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 10.70, 95% confidence interval (CI): 6.38–18.62), higher incidence of unfavorable discharge (aOR = 5.09, 95% CI: 4.43–5.86), prolonged hospital length of stay (LOS; aOR = 7.67, 95% CI: 6.38–9.22), increased transfusion risk (aOR = 8.05, 95% CI: 6.55–9.90), increased total hospital costs (adjusted Beta = 37.61, 95% CI: 36.39–38.83), and greater risk of complications (aOR = 8.52, 95% CI: 7.69–9.45). Frailty is a significant prognostic indicator of adverse perioperative outcomes in older patients undergoing PCNL, underscoring importance of recognizing and managing frailty in older patients.
Application of biofilm dispersion-based nanoparticles in cutting off reinfection
Authors: Li Xiaojuan , Lin Shiyu , Wang Yueli , Chen Yang , Zhang Wei , Shu Gang , Li Haohuan , Xu Funeng , Lin Juchun , Peng Guangneng , Fu Hualin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Bacterial biofilms commonly cause chronic and persistent infections in humans. Bacterial biofilms consist of an inner layer of bacteria and an autocrine extracellular polymeric substance (EPS). Biofilm dispersants (abbreviated as dispersants) have proven effective in removing the bacterial physical protection barrier EPS. Dispersants are generally weak or have no bactericidal effect. Bacteria dispersed from within biofilms (abbreviated as dispersed bacteria) may be more invasive, adhesive, and motile than planktonic bacteria, characteristics that increase the probability that dispersed bacteria will recolonize and cause reinfection. The dispersants should be combined with antimicrobials to avoid the risk of severe reinfection. Dispersant-based nanoparticles have the advantage of specific release and intense penetration, providing the prerequisite for further antibacterial agent efficacy and achieving the eradication of biofilms. Dispersant-based nanoparticles delivered antimicrobial agents for the treatment of diseases associated with bacterial biofilm infections are expected to be an effective measure to prevent reinfection caused by dispersed bacteria.

Key points
• Dispersed bacteria harm and the dispersant’s dispersion mechanisms are discussed.
• The advantages of dispersant-based nanoparticles in bacteria biofilms are discussed.
• Dispersant-based nanoparticles for cutting off reinfection in vivo are highlighted.
Biotechnological approaches for the production of camptothecin
Authors: Banadka Akshatha , Narasimha Sudheer Wudali , Dandin Vijayalaxmi S. , Naik Poornanand M. , Vennapusa Amaranatha Reddy , Melmaiee Kalpalatha , Vemanna Ramu S. , Al-Khayri Jameel M. , Thiruvengadam Muthu , Nagella Praveen 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Camptothecin (CPT), an indole alkaloid popular for its anticancer property, is considered the third most promising drug after taxol and famous alkaloids from Vinca for the treatment of cancer in humans. Camptothecin was first identified in Camptotheca acuminata followed by several other plant species and endophytic fungi. Increased harvesting driven by rising global demand is depleting the availability of elite plant genotypes, such as Camptotheca acuminata and Nothapodytes nimmoniana, crucial for producing alkaloids used in treating diseases like cancer. Conservation of these genotypes for the future is imperative. Therefore, research on different plant tissue culture techniques such as cell suspension culture, hairy roots, adventitious root culture, elicitation strategies, and endophytic fungi has been adopted for the production of CPT to meet the increasing demand without affecting the source plant’s existence. Currently, another strategy to increase camptothecin yield by genetic manipulation is underway. The present review discusses the plants and endophytes that are employed for camptothecin production and throws light on the plant tissue culture techniques for the regeneration of plants, callus culture, and selection of cell lines for the highest camptothecin production. The review further explains the simple, accurate, and cost-effective extraction and quantification methods. There is enormous potential for the sustainable production of CPT which could be met by culturing of suitable endophytes or plant cell or organ culture in a bioreactor scale production. Also, different gene editing tools provide opportunities for engineering the biosynthetic pathway of CPT, and the overall CPT production can be improved .

Key points
• Camptothecin is a naturally occurring alkaloid with potent anticancer properties, primarily known for its ability to inhibit DNA topoisomerase I.
• Plants and endophytes offer a potential approach for camptothecin production.
• Biotechnology approaches like plant tissue culture techniques enhanced camptothecin production.
Quantitative proteomics reveals cellular responses to individual mAb expression and tunicamycin in CHO cells
Authors: Sulaj Eldi , Schwaigerlehner Linda , Sandell Felix L. , Dohm Juliane C. , Marzban Gorji , Kunert Renate 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are popular in the pharmaceutical industry for their ability to produce high concentrations of antibodies and their resemblance to human cells in terms of protein glycosylation patterns. Current data indicate the relevance of CHO cells in the biopharmaceutical industry, with a high number of product commendations and a significant market share for monoclonal antibodies. To enhance the production capabilities of CHO cells, a deep understanding of their cellular and molecular composition is crucial. Genome sequencing and proteomic analysis have provided valuable insights into the impact of the bioprocessing conditions, productivity, and product quality. In our investigation, we conducted a comparative analysis of proteomic profiles in high and low monoclonal antibody–producing cell lines and studied the impact of tunicamycin (TM)-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. We examined the expression levels of different proteins including unfolded protein response (UPR) target genes by using label-free quantification techniques for protein abundance. Our results show the upregulation of proteins associated with protein folding mechanisms in low producer vs. high producer cell line suggesting a form of ER stress related to specific protein production. Further, Hspa9 and Dnaja3 are notable candidates activated by the mitochondria UPR and play important roles in protein folding processes in mitochondria. We identified significant upregulation of Nedd8 and Lgmn proteins in similar levels which may contribute to UPR stress. Interestingly, the downregulation of Hspa5/Bip and Pdia4 in response to tunicamycin treatment suggests a low-level UPR activation.

Key points
• Proteome profiling of recombinant CHO cells under mild TM treatment.
• Identified protein clusters are associated with the unfolded protein response (UPR).
• The compared cell lines revealed noticeable disparities in protein expression levels.
Characterization and Genome Analysis of the Delftia lacustris Strain LzhVag01 Isolated from Vaginal Discharge
Authors: Zhang Li , Zhang Xin , Bai Huihui , Li Ting , Zhang Zhan , Zong Xiaonan , Shang Xiang , Liu Zhaohui , Fan Linyuan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDelftia has been separated from freshwater, sludge, and soil and has emerged as a novel opportunistic pathogen in the female vagina. However, the genomic characteristics, pathogenicity, and biotechnological properties still need to be comprehensively investigated. In this study, a Delftia strain was isolated from the vaginal discharge of a 43-year-old female with histologically confirmed cervical intraepithelial neoplasm (CIN III), followed by whole-genome sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis and average nucleotide identity (ANI) analysis demonstrated that it belongs to Delftia lacustris, named D. lacustris strain LzhVag01. LzhVag01 was sensitive to β-lactams, macrolides, and tetracyclines but exhibited resistance to lincoamines, nitroimidazoles, aminoglycosides, and fluoroquinolones. Its genome is a single, circular chromosome of 6,740,460 bp with an average GC content of 66.59%. Whole-genome analysis identified 16 antibiotic resistance-related genes, which match the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of this strain, and 11 potential virulence genes. These pathogenic factors may contribute to its colonization in the vaginal environment and its adaptation and accelerate the progression of cervical cancer. This study sequenced and characterized the whole-genome of Delftia lacustris isolated from vaginal discharge, which provides investigators and clinicians with valuable insights into this uncommon species.
Microbial Communities in Standing Dead Trees in Ghost Forests are Largely Aerobic, Saprophytic, and Methanotrophic
Authors: Carmichael Mary Jane , Martinez Melinda , Bräuer Suzanna L. , Ardón Marcelo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractStanding dead trees (snags) are recognized for their influence on methane (CH4) cycling in coastal wetlands, yet the biogeochemical processes that control the magnitude and direction of fluxes across the snag-atmosphere interface are not fully elucidated. Herein, we analyzed microbial communities and fluxes at one height from ten snags in a ghost forest wetland. Snag-atmosphere CH4 fluxes were highly variable (− 0.11–0.51 mg CH4 m−2 h−1). CH4 production was measured in three out of ten snags; whereas, CH4 consumption was measured in two out of ten snags. Potential CH4 production and oxidation in one core from each snag was assayed in vitro. A single core produced CH4 under anoxic and oxic conditions, at measured rates of 0.7 and 0.6 ng CH4 g−1 h−1, respectively. Four cores oxidized CH4 under oxic conditions, with an average rate of − 1.13 ± 0.31 ng CH4 g−1 h−1. Illumina sequencing of the V3/V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed diverse microbial communities and indicated oxidative decomposition of deadwood. Methanogens were present in 20% of the snags, with a mean relative abundance of < 0.0001%. Methanotrophs were identified in all snags, with a mean relative abundance of 2% and represented the sole CH4-cycling communities in 80% of the snags. These data indicate potential for microbial attenuation of CH4 emissions across the snag-atmosphere interface in ghost forests. A better understanding of the environmental drivers of snag-associated microbial communities is necessary to forecast the response of CH4 cycling in coastal ghost forest wetlands to a shifting coastal landscape.
Clustering Longitudinal Data for Growth Curve Modelling by Gibbs Sampler and Information Criterion
Authors: Fei Yu , Li Rongli , Li Zhouhong , Qian Guoqi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractClustering longitudinal data for growth curve modelling is considered in this paper, where we aim to optimally estimate the underpinning unknown group partition matrix. Instead of following the conventional soft clustering approach, which assumes the columns of the partition matrix to have i.i.d. multinomial or categorical prior distributions and uses a regression model with the response following a finite mixture distribution to estimate the posterior distribution of the partition matrix, we propose an iterative partition and regression procedure to find the best partition matrix and the associated best growth curve regression model for each identified cluster. We show that the best partition matrix is the one minimizing a recently developed empirical Bayes information criterion (eBIC), which, due to the involved combinatorial explosion, is difficult to compute via enumerating all candidate partition matrices. Thus, we develop a Gibbs sampling method to generate a Markov chain of candidate partition matrices that has its equilibrium probability distribution equal the one induced from eBIC. We further show that the best partition matrix, given a priori the number of latent clusters, can be consistently estimated and is computationally scalable based on this Markov chain. The number of latent clusters is also best estimated by minimizing eBIC. The proposed iterative clustering and regression method is assessed by a comprehensive simulation study before being applied to two real-world growth curve modelling examples involving longitudinal data clustering.