bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investor perspective on impact-driven startups – the prioritization of certainty
Authors: Eckerle Christin , Finner Ann-Sophie , Terzidis Orestis 
Published: June 2024

Purpose
In this study, the authors dive into the assessment process of startups by impact investors. In particular, the purpose of this study is to investigate the preferences impact investors place on different social and environmental criteria. The authors build on social learning theory to understand the underlying rationale of the investors.

Design/methodology/approach
With this research, the authors simplify the impact category system by conducting a systematic literature review. The authors then validate these criteria with a survey of 69 impact investors in Europe.

Findings
The results highlight the prioritization of quantifying impact and a discrepancy between essential and desirable impact categories. Due to the clear and significant results changing with the target market and startup stage focus, the authors assume a tendency of homophily of impact investors.

Originality/value
With this empirical study, the authors offer strategic implications for investors and startups as the authors decrease the complexity of impact categories while validating their significance in the impact assessment process.
Introduction: Histories of abortion beyond Roe
Authors: Frydman Hannah , Reynolds Melissa 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis introduction to the forum of articles on ‘Histories of abortion beyond Roe’ addresses the difficulty of telling abortion (hi)stories without reference to the procedure's legal status. A brief survey of the history of reproductive medical interventions and recent scholarship on US abortion history illustrates how the contemporary concept of ‘abortion’ emerged only once abortion could be narrativised in medical and legal terms as an intentional act. Thus, the stories told about abortion had and continue to have the power to shape abortion's meaning, its history and even its legal status, as summaries of the forum's three articles illustrate.
Does educational attainment matter for attitudes toward immigrants in Chile? Assessing the causality and generalizability of higher education's so‐called “liberalizing effect” on economic and cultural threat
Authors: Velásquez Paolo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDespite a large literature consistently showing a relationship between higher levels of education and lower levels of ethnic prejudice, some points of contention remain. First, it remains unclear whether education has a causal effect on attitudes, mainly due to a lack of longitudinal studies. Second, due to the majority of studies on prejudice being conducted in Europe and North America, we do not know to what extent the inverse relationship between education and prejudice is generalizable beyond the “global North.” To answer these questions, I study attitudes toward immigrants in Chile in the years 2016–2022, using six waves of the Chilean Longitudinal Social Survey. Chile provides new variations in economic and cultural factors, with its stable albeit highly unequal economy, and increased immigration from culturally similar countries which shed light on possible scope conditions of the so‐called liberalizing effect of education. I analyze whether attaining more education has an effect on reducing levels of perceived economic and cultural threat. The findings show that increases in education are associated with both lower levels of perceived economic and cultural threat, with education having a stronger effect on the latter.
Innovations in nondestructive assessment of baked products: Current trends and future prospects
Authors: Olakanmi Sunday J. , Bharathi Vimala S. K. , Jayas Digvir S. , Paliwal Jitendra 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRising consumer awareness, coupled with advances in sensor technology, is propelling the food manufacturing industry to innovate and employ tools that ensure the production of safe, nutritious, and environmentally sustainable products. Amidst a plethora of nondestructive techniques available for evaluating the quality attributes of both raw and processed foods, the challenge lies in determining the most fitting solution for diverse products, given that each method possesses its unique strengths and limitations. This comprehensive review focuses on baked goods, wherein we delve into recently published literature on cutting‐edge nondestructive methods to assess their feasibility for Industry 4.0 implementation. Emphasizing the need for quality control modalities that align with consumer expectations regarding sensory traits such as texture, flavor, appearance, and nutritional content, the review explores an array of advanced methodologies, including hyperspectral imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, terahertz, acoustics, ultrasound, X‐ray systems, and infrared spectroscopy. By elucidating the principles, applications, and impacts of these techniques on the quality of baked goods, the review provides a thorough synthesis of the most current published studies and industry practices. It highlights how these methodologies enable defect detection, nutritional content prediction, texture evaluation, shelf‐life forecasting, and real‐time monitoring of baking processes. Additionally, the review addresses the inherent challenges these nondestructive techniques face, ranging from cost considerations to calibration, standardization, and the industry's overreliance on big data.
Mechanisms underlying the formation of main volatile odor sulfur compounds in foods during thermal processing
Authors: Luo Dongsheng , Tian Binqiang , Li Jingxin , Zhang Wentao , Bi Shuang , Fu Bo , Jing Yanqiu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractVolatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) significantly influence food flavor and garner considerable attention in flavor research due to their low sensory thresholds, diverse odor attributes, and high reactivity. Extensive research studies have explored VSC formation through thermal processes such as the Maillard reaction, thermal pyrolysis, oxidation, and enzymatic reactions. However, understanding of the specific reaction mechanisms and processes remains limited. This is due to the dispersed nature of existing studies, the undefined intermediates involved, and the complexity of the matrices and processing conditions. Given these limitations, the authors have shifted their focus from foods to sulfides. The structure, source, and chemical characteristics of common precursors (sulfur‐containing amino acids and derivatives, thiamine, thioglucoside, and lentinic acid) and their corresponding reactive intermediates (hydrogen sulfide, thiol, alkyl sulfide, alkyl sulfenic acid, and thial) are provided, and the degradation mechanisms, reaction rules, and matrix conditions are summarized based on their chemical characteristics. Additionally, the VSC formation processes in several typical foods during processing are elucidated, adhering to these identified rules. This article provides a comprehensive overview of VSCs, from precursors and intermediates to end products, and is crucial for understanding the mechanisms behind VSC formation and managing the flavor qualities of processed foods.
Exploring the potential causal effects of food preferences on irritable bowel syndrome risk: A two‐sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhang Tao , Li Xiao Ang , Duan Li Ping 
Published: June 2024

ObjectivesIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder in gut–brain interaction. Diet plays an important role in the pathophysiology of IBS. Therefore, we aimed to explore the potential causal effects of food‐liking on IBS to provide better diet advice for patients.MethodsSingle‐nucleotide polymorphisms associated with food‐liking were selected as instrumental variables, which were obtained from the latest genome‐wide association study (GWAS) conducted on 161 625 participants. The summary data of genetic associations with IBS were obtained from a recent GWAS with 433 201 European controls and 53 400 cases. We used inverse variance weighting as the main analysis. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to detect horizontal pleiotropy and heterogeneity.ResultsSignificant evidence revealed the protective effects of a vegetarian diet‐liking on IBS, including asparagus, avocadoes, globe artichoke, aubergine, and black olives, while onion‐liking showed potential deleterious effects. For meat and fish, preference for sardines and fried fish was marginally associated with IBS risk, but salami and salmon were potential protective factors. In terms of desserts and dairy products, preferences for cake icing, ketchup, and cheesecake were suggestively associated with higher IBS risk, while goat cheese‐liking was marginally correlated with lower IBS risk. Additionally and suggestively, significant causal effects of IBS on increased preferences for globe artichoke and salami were also found in a reverse Mendelian randomization (MR) study.ConclusionOur study revealed potential causal associations between food preference and IBS from a genetic perspective, which provides a dietary reference for such patients.
Multi‐species for multifunctional grassland: Evaluation of minor and novel forage species for temperate humid grasslands
Authors: Thielecke Dietrun , Isselstein Johannes , Komainda Martin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOne pillar of sustainable agriculture is grassland resilient and resistant to climate perturbation and capable of attaining multiple services. Novel or exotic and, so far, minor or underutilised plant species may become increasingly important against this background and exploration of such plant species seems of importance to maintain grassland functioning. We chose a set of 21 dicotyledonous plant species from seven botanical families. The set included 10 legumes, of which four were, so far, not used in temperate climate grassland and are named exotic henceforward. The other species are named minor as they are mostly not in widespread use. We evaluated different plant functions including herbage accumulation, herbage quality and functional traits in a pilot study under semi‐controlled conditions under increased temperatures compared to ambient conditions. The factor species had a significant influence (p < .001, F‐test) on all target variables, including the leaf dry matter content, the herbage biomass and the protein contents. All studied species had a high concentration of organic matter in the dry‐matter, had low concentrations of neutral detergent fibre and reached relatively large protein concentrations. In addition, fibre‐bound protein concentration was low resulting in pre‐caecal digestible protein concentrations that meet the nutritional requirements of horses. In contrast, protein concentrations were often too low for intensive livestock feeding. Since no fertiliser N was applied, non‐legumes accumulated on average 29% less herbage than legumes. The exotic legumes accumulated the highest herbage biomass on average while the minor legumes produced on average 22% less. Of the exotic legumes, Bituminaria bituminosa and Hedysarum coronarium were within the upper quartile for herbage accumulation. Plant functional traits of several species were in similar ranges showing potential for mixture design to follow traits rather than species. The study may pave the way for informed breeding of distinct plant species on the basis of relevant traits in order to improve herbage provision in the future under ongoing climate changes.
Prophylactic senolytic treatment in aged mice reduces seizure severity and improves survival from Status Epilepticus
Authors: Khan Tahiyana , Hussain Abbas I. , Casilli Timothy P. , Frayser Logan , Cho Michelle , Williams Gabrielle , McFall David , Forcelli Patrick A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIncreased vulnerability to seizures in aging has been well documented both clinically and in various models of aging in epilepsy. Seizures can exacerbate cognitive decline that is already prominent in aging. Senescent cells are thought to contribute to cognitive impairment in aging and clearing senescent cells with senolytic drugs improves cognitive function in animal models. It remains unclear whether senescent cells render the aged brain vulnerable to seizures. Here, we demonstrate that prophylactic senolytic treatment with Dasatinib and Quercetin (D&Q) reduced both seizure severity and mortality in aged C57BL/6J mice. We subjected the D&Q and VEH‐treated aged mice to spatial memory testing before and after an acute seizure insult, Status Epilepticus [SE], which leads to epilepsy development. We found that senolytic therapy improved spatial memory before injury, however, spatial memory was not rescued after SE. Senescence‐related proteins p16 and senescence‐associated β‐galactosidase were reduced in D&Q‐treated aged mice. Our findings indicate that senescent cells increase seizure susceptibility in aging. Thus, prophylactically targeting senescent cells may prevent age‐related seizure vulnerability.
Prevalence of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder in foster care: A scoping review
Authors: Engesether Bailey , Hoffner Mercedes , Johnson Erika , Klug Marilyn G. , Popova Svetlana , Burd Larry 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe prevalence of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) has been reported to be disproportionately high among children in foster care compared with the general population. However, updated prevalence estimates of infants and children with FASD in foster care or the prevalence of placement of children with FASD in foster care make this unclear. This study examines two questions. Firstly, what is the prevalence of FASD among infants and children in foster care? Secondly, what is the likelihood of placement in foster care for infants and children with FASD? This review was designed using PRISMA‐SCR and JBI scoping review guidelines. Three databases were searched for the period June 2012 to June 2023: PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and Google Scholar for all countries. Overall prevalence estimates were calculated using a complementary log–log link model along with 95% confidence intervals. Firstly, the estimated prevalence of FASD among infants and children in foster care was 18.8%. Secondly, among children diagnosed with FASD 30.5% are placed into foster care, reflecting greatly increased risk of placement of infants and children with FASD in foster care. We conclude that routine screening for FASD is needed to improve the identification of infants and children with FASD. Increased attention is also needed on developing strategies for FASD prevention. Recognition that nearly one of every three children with FASD will enter foster care demonstrates the need for increased funding, enhanced training and greater availability of services for families and children impacted by FASD.
The politics of rejection: Explaining Chinese import refusals
Authors: Kim Sung Eun , Perlman Rebecca L. , Zeng Grace 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHealth and safety standards offer a convenient means by which governments can claim to be protecting the population, even while pursuing more parochial goals. In the realm of international trade, such standards have most often been studied as a means of veiled protectionism. Yet precisely because health and safety standards create ambiguity about their intent, nations may seek to use them for goals that extend well beyond protecting domestic industry. We theorize that governments will, at times, enforce regulations in ways intended to exact political retribution. To show this, we collect original data on import refusals by Chinese border inspectors between 2011 and 2019. Though ostensibly intended to keep dangerous products out of the hands of Chinese consumers, we demonstrate that import refusals have systematically been used by the Chinese government as a way to punish states that act against China's interest.
Impacts of cytoplasmic p53 aggregates on the prognosis and the transcriptome in lung squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Nishitsuji Kazuchika , Mito Remi , Ikezaki Midori , Yano Hiromu , Fujiwara Yukio , Matsubara Eri , Nishikawa Taro , Ihara Yoshito , Uchimura Kenji , Iwahashi Naoyuki , Sakagami Takuro , Suzuki Makoto , Komohara Yoshihiro 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe tumor suppressor TP53 gene, the most frequently mutated gene in human cancers, produces the product tumor protein p53, which plays an essential role in DNA damage. p53 protein mutations may contribute to tumorigenesis by loss of tumor suppressive functions and malignancy of cancer cells via gain‐of‐oncogenic functions. We previously reported that mutant p53 proteins form aggregates and that cytoplasmic p53 aggregates were associated with poor prognosis in human ovarian cancer. However, the prognostic impact of p53 aggregation in other tumors including lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is poorly understood. Here, we demonstrated that lung SCC cases with cytoplasmic p53 aggregates had a significantly poor clinical prognosis. Analysis via patient‐derived tumor organoids (PDOs) established from lung SCC patients and possessing cytoplasmic p53 aggregates showed that eliminating cytoplasmic p53 aggregates suppressed cell proliferation. RNA sequencing and transcriptome analysis of p53 aggregate‐harboring PDOs indicated multiple candidate pathways involved in p53 aggregate oncogenic functions. With lung SCC‐derived cell lines, we found that cytoplasmic p53 aggregates contributed to cisplatin resistance. This study thus shows that p53 aggregates are a predictor of poor prognosis in lung SCC and suggests that detecting p53 aggregates via p53 conventional immunohistochemical analysis may aid patient selection for platinum‐based therapy.
Resource use and costs of transitioning from paediatric to adult care for patients with chronic endocrine disease
Authors: Choukair Daniela , Mittnacht Janna , Treiber Dorothea , Hoffmann Georg F. , Grasemann Corinna , Huebner Angela , Berner Reinhard , Burgard Peter , Szendroedi Julia , Bettendorf Markus 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveStructured transition of adolescents and young adults with a chronic endocrine disease from paediatric to adult care is important. Until now, no data on time and resources required for the necessary components of the transition process and the associated costs are available.Design, Patients and MeasurementsIn a prospective cohort study of 147 patients with chronic endocrinopathies, for the key elements of a structured transition pathway including (i) assessment of patients' disease‐related knowledge and needs, (ii) required education and counselling sessions, (iii) compiling an epicrisis and a transfer appointment of the patient together with the current paediatric and the future adult endocrinologist resource consumption and costs were determined.ResultsOne hundred and forty‐three of 147 enroled patients (97.3%) completed the transition pathway and were transferred to adult care. The mean time from the decision to start the transition process to the final transfer consultation was 399 ± 159 days. Transfer consultations were performed in 143 patients, including 128 patients jointly with the future adult endocrinologist. Most consultations were performed by a multidisciplinary team consisting of a paediatric and adult endocrinologist, psychologist, nurse, and a social worker acting also as a case manager with a median of three team members and lasted 87.6 ± 23.7 min. The mean cumulative costs per patient of all key elements were 519 ± 206 Euros. In addition, costs for case management through the transition process were 104.8 ± 28.0 Euros.ConclusionsUsing chronic endocrine diseases as an example, it shows how to calculate the time and cost of a structured transition pathway from paediatric to adult care, which can serve as a starting point for sustainable funding for other chronic rare diseases.
General and dermatological population's use and acceptance of digital health in Germany – a representative survey
Authors: Reinders Patrick , Augustin Matthias , Otten Marina 
Published: June 2024

SummaryBackground and ObjectivesAdoption and acceptance of digital health services (DHS) in the German population and in persons with skin diseases is unclear. Both factors were analyzed in this survey.MethodsA standardized survey with items on digital competences and attitudes, use and acceptance of DHS was applied to a representative sample of the German adult population. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted.ResultsOut of 2,101 participants, 29.9% reported having had skin diseases in the last 12 months. Among them, adoption and acceptance were at 43.6% and 52.3%, respectively. Both values are significantly higher compared to participants without skin diseases (29.2%; p < 0.01 and 45.5%; p < 0.01). 18.9% of participants with a skin disease used digital diagnostic support, but only 9.7% applied it for a skin disease (p < 0.01). For all participants, with and without skin disease, the DHS most commonly used were passive health monitoring (14.3%) and diagnostic support (11.5%), telemedicine was least used (4.7% video‐consultation, 2.5% store‐and‐forward). Use and acceptance were associated with young age, education, low data privacy concerns, digital confidence, having a skin disease, and high severity of skin disease.ConclusionsDHS for skin diseases are used rarely but have a high potential.
Smartphone application for artificial intelligence‐based evaluation of stool state during bowel preparation before colonoscopy
Authors: Inaba Atsushi , Shinmura Kensuke , Matsuzaki Hiroki , Takeshita Nobuyoshi , Wakabayashi Masashi , Sunakawa Hironori , Nakajo Keiichiro , Murano Tatsuro , Kadota Tomohiro , Ikematsu Hiroaki , Yano Tomonori 
Published: June 2024

ObjectivesColonoscopy (CS) is an important screening method for the early detection and removal of precancerous lesions. The stool state during bowel preparation (BP) should be properly evaluated to perform CS with sufficient quality. This study aimed to develop a smartphone application (app) with an artificial intelligence (AI) model for stool state evaluation during BP and to investigate whether the use of the app could maintain an adequate quality of CS.MethodsFirst, stool images were collected in our hospital to develop the AI model and were categorized into grade 1 (solid or muddy stools), grade 2 (cloudy watery stools), and grade 3 (clear watery stools). The AI model for stool state evaluation (grades 1–3) was constructed and internally verified using the cross‐validation method. Second, a prospective study was conducted on the quality of CS using the app in our hospital. The primary end‐point was the proportion of patients who achieved Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS) ≥6 among those who successfully used the app.ResultsThe AI model showed mean accuracy rates of 90.2%, 65.0%, and 89.3 for grades 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The prospective study enrolled 106 patients and revealed that 99.0% (95% confidence interval 95.3–99.9%) of patients achieved a BBPS ≥6.ConclusionThe proportion of patients with BBPS ≥6 during CS using the developed app exceeded the set expected value. This app could contribute to the performance of high‐quality CS in clinical practice.