bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nitric oxide augments mesenchymal stem cell ability to repair liver fibrosis
Authors: Ali Gibran , Mohsin Sadia , Khan Mohsin , Nasir Ghazanfar Ali , Shams Sulaiman , Khan Shaheen N , Riazuddin Sheikh 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBackgroundLiver fibrosis is a major health problem worldwide and poses a serious obstacle for cell based therapies. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent and important candidate cells for future clinical applications however success of MSC therapy depends upon their homing and survival in recipient organs. This study was designed to improve the repair potential of MSCs by transplanting them in sodium nitroprusside (SNP) pretreated mice with CCl4induced liver fibrosis.MethodsSNP 100 mM, a nitric oxide (NO) donor, was administered twice a week for 4 weeks to CCl4-injured mice. MSCs were isolated from C57BL/6 wild type mice and transplanted in the left lateral lobe of the liver in experimental animals. After 4 weeks, animals were sacrificed and liver improvement was analyzed. Analysis of fibrosis by qRT-PCR and sirius red staining, homing, bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) serum levels between different treatment groups were compared to control.ResultsLiver histology demonstrated enhanced MSCs homing in SNP-MSCs group compared to MSCs group. The gene expression of fibrotic markers; αSMA, collagen 1α1, TIMP, NFκB and iNOS was down regulated while cytokeratin 18, albumin and eNOS was up-regulated in SNP-MSCs group. Combine treatment sequentially reduced fibrosis in SNP-MSCs treated liver compared to the other treatment groups. These results were also comparable with reduced serum levels of bilirubin and ALP observed in SNP-MSCs treated group.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that NO effectively augments MSC ability to repair liver fibrosis induced by CCl4in mice and therefore is a better treatment regimen to reduce liver fibrosis.
Coexistence of benign phyllodes tumor and invasive ductal carcinoma in distinct breasts: case report
Authors: Neto Guerino Barbalaco , Rossetti Claudia , Souza Natalia A , LA Fonseca Fernando , Azzalis Ligia Ajaime , Junqueira Virginia Berlanga Campos , Valenti Vitor E , de Abreu Luiz Carlos 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThis report describes a rare case of coexistence of benign phyllodes tumor, which measured 9 cm in the right breast, and invasive ductal carcinoma of 6 cm in the left breast, synchronous and independent, in a 66-year-old patient. The patient underwent a bilateral mastectomy due to the size of both lesions. Such situations are rare and usually refer to the occurrence of ductal or lobular carcinomain situwhen associated with malignant phyllodes tumors, and more often in ipsilateral breast or intra-lesional.
Suppression of endothelial cell activity by inhibition of TNFα
Authors: Shu Qiang , Amin Mohammad A , Ruth Jeffrey H , Campbell Phillip L , Koch Alisa E 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
Introduction
TNFα is a proinflammatory cytokine that plays a central role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We investigated the effects of certolizumab pegol, a TNFα blocker, on endothelial cell function and angiogenesis.

Methods
Human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HMVECs) were stimulated with TNFα with or without certolizumab pegol. TNFα-induced adhesion molecule expression and angiogenic chemokine secretion were measured by cell surface ELISA and angiogenic chemokine ELISA, respectively. We also examined the effect of certolizumab pegol on TNFα-induced myeloid human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cell adhesion to HMVECs, as well as blood vessels in RA synovial tissue using the Stamper-Woodruff assay. Lastly, we performed HMVEC chemotaxis, and tube formation.

Results
Certolizumab pegol significantly blocked TNFα-induced HMVEC cell surface angiogenic E-selectin, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression and angiogenic chemokine secretion (P < 0.05). We found that certolizumab pegol significantly inhibited TNFα-induced HL-60 cell adhesion to HMVECs (P < 0.05), and blocked HL-60 cell adhesion to RA synovial tissue vasculature (P < 0.05). TNFα also enhanced HMVEC chemotaxis compared with the negative control group (P < 0.05) and this chemotactic response was significantly reduced by certolizumab pegol (P < 0.05). Certolizumab pegol inhibited TNFα-induced HMVEC tube formation on Matrigel (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
Our data support the hypothesis that certolizumab pegol inhibits TNFα-dependent leukocyte adhesion and angiogenesis, probably via inhibition of angiogenic adhesion molecule expression and angiogenic chemokine secretion.
RedeR: R/Bioconductor package for representing modular structures, nested networks and multiple levels of hierarchical associations
Authors: Castro Mauro AA , Wang Xin , Fletcher Michael NC , Meyer Kerstin B , Markowetz Florian 
Published: April 2012

AbstractVisualization and analysis of molecular networks are both central to systems biology. However, there still exists a large technological gap between them, especially when assessing multiple network levels or hierarchies. Here we present RedeR, an R/Bioconductor package combined with a Java core engine for representing modular networks. The functionality of RedeR is demonstrated in two different scenarios: hierarchical and modular organization in gene co-expression networks and nested structures in time-course gene expression subnetworks. Our results demonstrate RedeR as a new framework to deal with the multiple network levels that are inherent to complex biological systems. RedeR is available from http://bioconductor.org/packages/release/bioc/html/RedeR.html.
TLR-activated conventional DCs promote γ-secretase-mediated conditioning of plasmacytoid DCs
Authors: Pérez-Cabezas Begoña , Naranjo-Gómez Mar , Ruiz-Riol Marta , Bastos-Amador Patricia , Fernández Marco A , Carmona Francesc , Nuñez Fatima , Pujol-Borrell Ricardo , Borràs Francesc E 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
Involvement of γ-secretase-mediated mechanisms, including the Notch pathway, in the cell-contact dependent communication between human DC subsets.
Cooperative events between DC subsets involve cell contact and soluble factors. Upon viral challenge, murine pDCs induce cDC cooperation through CD40-CD40L interactions and IL-15 secretion, whereas in humans, the same effect is mediated by IFN-α. Conversely, during bacterial infections, pDC maturation may be induced by activated cDCs, although no mechanisms had been described so far. Here, we investigate how human pDCs are “conditioned” by cDCs. Blood-borne DC subsets (cDCs and pDCs) were sorted from healthy donors. IL-3-maintained pDCs were cocultured with LPS-activated, poly (I:C)-activated, or control cDCs [cDCLPS, cDCP(I:C), cDCCTRL]. Coculture experiments showed that cDCLPS-conditioned pDCs up-regulated maturation markers, such as CD25 and CD86, whereas SNs contained higher amounts of IL-6 and CCL19 compared with control conditions. Gene-expression analyses on sorted cDCLPS or cDCP(I:C) conditioned pDCs confirmed the induction of several genes, including IL-6 and CCL19 and remarkably, several Notch target genes. Further studies using the γ-secretase/Notch inhibitor DAPT and soluble Notch ligands resulted in a significantly reduced expression of canonical Notch target genes in conditioned pDCs. DAPT treatment also hampered the secretion of CCL19 (but not of IL-6) by cDCLPS conditioned pDCs. These results reveal the involvement of γ-secretase-mediated mechanisms, including the Notch pathway, in the cell contact-dependent communication between human DC subsets. The resulting partial activation of pDCs after encountering with mature cDCs endows pDCs with an accessory function that may contribute to T cell recruitment and activation.
The gaits of primates: center of mass mechanics in walking, cantering and galloping ring-tailed lemurs,Lemur catta
Authors: O’Neill Matthew C. , Schmitt Daniel 
Published: April 2012

SUMMARYMost primates, including lemurs, have a broad range of locomotor capabilities, yet much of the time, they walk at slow speeds and amble, canter or gallop at intermediate and fast speeds. Although numerous studies have investigated limb function during primate quadrupedalism, how the center of mass (COM) moves is not well understood. Here, we examined COM energy, work and power during walking, cantering and galloping in ring-tailed lemurs, Lemur catta (N=5), over a broad speed range (0.43–2.91 m s–1). COM energy recoveries were substantial during walking (35–71%) but lower during canters and gallops (10–51%). COM work, power and collisional losses increased with speed. The positive COM works were 0.625 J kg–1 m–1 for walks and 1.661 J kg–1 m–1 for canters and gallops, which are in the middle range of published values for terrestrial animals. Although some discontinuities in COM mechanics were evident between walking and cantering, there was no apparent analog to the trot–gallop transition across the intermediate and fast speed range (dimensionless v&gt;0.75, Fr&gt;0.5). A phenomenological model of a lemur cantering and trotting at the same speed shows that canters ensure continuous contact of the body with the substrate while reducing peak vertical COM forces, COM stiffness and COM collisions. We suggest that cantering, rather than trotting, at intermediate speeds may be tied to the arboreal origins of the Order Primates. These data allow us to better understand the mechanics of primate gaits and shed new light on primate locomotor evolution.
Evaluation of a tandem gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry metabolomics platform as a single method to investigate the effect of starvation on whole-animal metabolism in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Authors: Baumgarner Bradley L. , Cooper Bruce R. 
Published: April 2012

SUMMARYThis study was conducted to evaluate the use of a two-dimensional gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC/TOF-MS) metabolomic platform to comprehensively analyze the effect of starvation on whole-animal metabolism in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Trout were either fed a commercial diet at 2% body mass twice daily or starved for 4 weeks. Metabolomic analysis was conducted on serum, liver and muscle tissue from each fish. Database searching and statistical analysis revealed that concentrations of more than 50 positively identified molecules changed significantly (P&lt;0.05) as a result of starvation. Our results indicate that starving rainbow trout for 4 weeks promotes increased utilization of select tissue fatty acids in liver and muscle. However, starvation did not significantly affect protein catabolism in peripheral tissues, as indicated by reductions in the level of serum amino acids in starved fish. In contrast, starvation appears to promote protein catabolism in liver as the level of methionine, proline and lysine metabolite 2-piperidine carboxylic acid increased significantly. Also, starvation resulted in significant changes in the level of numerous xenobiotics that could indicate the origin of particular feed ingredients and selective retention of these molecules in tissues. We suggest that metabolomic analysis using GC×GC/TOF-MS is an effective tool in studying whole-animal metabolism and the fate of important xenobiotic compounds in rainbow trout as numerous polar and non-polar metabolites were rapidly and accurately profiled using a single method.
Waggle dance effect: dancing in autumn reduces the mass loss of a honeybee colony
Authors: Okada Ryuichi , Akamatsu Tadaaki , Iwata Kanako , Ikeno Hidetoshi , Kimura Toshifumi , Ohashi Mizue , Aonuma Hitoshi , Ito Etsuro 
Published: April 2012

SUMMARYA honeybee informs her nestmates about the location of a profitable food source that she has visited by means of a waggle dance: a round dance and a figure-of-eight dance for a short- and long-distance food source, respectively. Consequently, the colony achieves an effective collection of food. However, it is still not fully understood how much effect the dance behavior has on the food collection, because most of the relevant experiments have been performed only in limited locations under limited experimental conditions. Here, we examined the efficacy of the waggle dances by physically preventing bees from dancing and then analyzing the changes in daily mass of the hive as an index of daily food collection. To eliminate place- and year-specific effects, the experiments were performed under fully natural conditions in three different cities in Japan from mid September to early October in three different years. Because the experiments were performed in autumn, all six of the tested colonies lost mass on most of the experimental days. When the dance was prevented, the daily reduction in mass change was greater than when the dance was allowed, i.e. the dance inhibited the reduction of the hive mass. This indicates that dance is effective for food collection. Furthermore, clear inhibition was observed on the first two days of the experiments; after that, inhibition was no longer evident. This result suggests that the bee colony adapted to the new environment.
Randomized controlled trial of high concentration oxygen in suspected community-acquired pneumonia
Authors: Wijesinghe Meme , Perrin Kyle , Healy Bridget , Weatherall Mark , Beasley Richard 
Published: April 2012

Objective To determine whether high concentration oxygen increases the PaCO2 in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia. Design Randomized controlled clinical trial in which patients received high concentration oxygen (8 L/min via medium concentration mask) or titrated oxygen (to achieve oxygen saturations between 93 and 95%) for 60 minutes. Transcutaneous CO2 (PtCO2) was measured at 0, 20, 40 and 60 minutes. Setting The Emergency Departments at Wellington, Hutt and Kenepuru Hospitals. Participants 150 patients with suspected community-acquired pneumonia presenting to the Emergency Department. Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or disorders associated with hypercapnic respiratory failure were excluded. Main outcome variables The primary outcome variable was the proportion of patients with a rise in PtCO2 ≥4 mmHg at 60 minutes. Secondary outcome variables included the proportion of patients with a rise in PtCO2 ≥8 mmHg at 60 minutes. Results The proportion of patients with a rise in PtCO2 ≥4 mmHg at 60 minutes was greater in the high concentration oxygen group, 36/72 (50.0%) vs 11/75 (14.7%), relative risk (RR) 3.4 (95% CI 1.9 to 6.2), P < 0.001. The high concentration group had a greater proportion of patients with a rise in PtCO2 ≥8 mmHg, 11/72 (15.3%) vs 2/75 (2.7%), RR 5.7 (95% CI 1.3 to 25.0), P = 0.007. Amongst the 74 patients with radiological confirmation of pneumonia, the high concentration group had a greater proportion with a rise in PtCO2 ≥4 mmHg, 20/35 (57.1%) vs 5/39 (12.8%), RR 4.5 (95% CI 1.9 to 10.6) P < 0.001. Conclusions We conclude that high concentration oxygen therapy increases the PtCO2 in patients presenting with suspected community-acquired pneumonia. This suggests that the potential increase in PaCO2 with high concentration oxygen therapy is not limited to COPD, but may also occur in other respiratory disorders with abnormal gas exchange.
Laser Direct-Write of Embryonic Stem Cells and Cells Encapsulated in Alginate Beads for Engineered Biological Constructs
Authors: Phamduy T.B. , Dias A.D. , Raof N. Abdul , Schiele N.R. , Corr D.T. , Xie Y. , Chrisey D.B. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe ability to control the deposition of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs), and mESCs encapsulated in 200-μm diameter alginate microbeads, into customized patterns has recently been achieved using laser direct-write (LDW). Gelatin-based LDW was utilized to target and reproducibly deposit groups of cells directly onto receiving substrate surfaces. Live/dead staining for cell viability and immunocytochemistry for the pluripotency marker, Oct-4, indicated that transferred mESCs were viable following transfer, and maintained an important embryonic stem cell marker, respectively. LDW was further used to print mESCs encapsulated in hydrogel microbeads into customized patterns on a single-bead basis. Recent efforts have also achieved patterns of discrete co-cultures of mESCs and breast cancer cells in separate hydrogel microbeads. Altogether, we demonstrated the feasibility of LDW to print patterns of mESCs and mESC-microbeads for the biomimetic assembly of engineered cellular constructs and tissue models.
Finite Element Simulations on Scaling Effects of 3D SiGe Thermoelectric Generators
Authors: Williams Nicholas , Gokirmak Ali , Silva Helena 
Published: April 2012

ABSTRACTWe report 3D finite element simulations analyzing scaling effects on the performance of single Silicon Germanium thermoelectric generator with 170 μm tall metal contacts. Temperature dependent material parameters are included to accurately model device performance. Power density was extracted for a range of widths, heights, and operating temperature. Depending upon cross sectional area of the SiGe leg and operating temperature, height can be optimized for maximum power density.
Losses of Chromosome 5q and 14q Are Associated with Favorable Clinical Outcome of Patients with Gastric Cancer
Authors: Buffart Tineke E. , Carvalho Beatriz , Grieken Nicole C.T. , Wieringen Wessel N. , Tijssen Marianne , Kranenbarg Elma Meershoek-Klein , Verheul Henk M.W. , Grabsch Heike I. , Ylstra Bauke , Velde Cornelis J.H. , Meijer Gerrit A. 
Published: April 2012

Abstract

Purpose.
To improve the clinical outcome of patients with gastric cancer, intensified combination strategies are currently in clinical development, including combinations of more extensive surgery, (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. The present study used DNA copy number profiling to identify subgroups of patients with different clinical outcomes. We hypothesize that, by identification of subgroups, individual treatment strategies can be selected to improve clinical outcome and to reduce unnecessary treatment toxicity for patients with gastric cancer.

Experimental Design.
DNA from 206 gastric cancer patients was isolated and analyzed by genomewide array comparative genomic hybridization. DNA copy number profiles were correlated with lymph node status and patient survival. In addition, heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) expression was analyzed and correlated with survival in 230 gastric cancer patients.

Results.
Frequent (&gt;20%) DNA copy number gains and losses were observed on several chromosomal regions. Losses on 5q11.2-q31.3 and 14q32.11-q32.33 (14% of patients) were correlated with good clinical outcome in univariate and multivariate analyses, with a median disease-free survival interval of 9.2 years. In addition, loss of expression of HSP90, located on chromosome 14q32.2, was correlated with better patient survival.

Conclusion.
Genomewide DNA copy number profiling allowed the identification of a subgroup of gastric cancer patients, marked by losses on chromosomes 5q11.2-q31.3 and 14q32.11-q32.33 or low HSP90 protein expression, with an excellent clinical outcome after surgery alone. We hypothesize that this subgroup of patients most likely will not benefit from (neo)adjuvant systemic treatment and/or radiotherapy, whereas anti-HSP90 therapy may have clinical potential in patients with HSP90-expressing gastric cancer, pending validation in an independent dataset.
Images du Moyen Âge dans la ville : l’inscription spatiale de médiévalité
Authors: Fraysse Patrick 
Published: April 2012

Résumé Cette étude qui s’inscrit dans l’histoire des représentations s’appuie, dans une perspective sémio-pragmatique, sur l’analyse d’un corpus d’images permettant de mettre au jour des influences (imitations, copies, allusions…) ou des glissements (du monumentaire au documentaire). Ces transformations des monuments vers les panneaux, les affiches et les ronds-points, dans l’espace public des mises en scène touristiques, procèdent d’une intertextualité (intericonicité) au sens large. L’étude de la circulation des signes de l’architecture médiévale formant « le décor de l’histoire » ou suggérant une « médiévalité » met au jour des représentations construites par des médiations. Cette approche communicationnelle des monuments dessine en retour une conversion monumentaire des documents illustrant des stéréotypes du Moyen Âge.
Aux origines de la « rubrique » dans la presse : des gazettes de l’Ancien Régime aux journaux de la Révolution
Authors: Feyel Gilles 
Published: April 2012

Résumé La « rubrique » : titre ou contenant textuel ? Avant même son entrée dans le vocabulaire journalistique au début du xix e siècle, la « rubrique-titre » coiffant les nouvelles segmente le texte des gazettes dès leur origine au xvii e siècle, et ordonne déjà l’espace-papier, cependant que la « rubrique-contenant » apparaît avec les différents « cahiers » proposés par la Gazette de Renaudot. À la fin xviii e siècle, quelques gazettes enrichissent leur contenu, alors qu’apparaissent les journaux d’information, puis d’opinion au temps de la Révolution. Juxtaposant désormais des textes de statuts différents, variant leurs formats, les journaux mettent en place de véritables « systèmes rubricaux », où les rubriques (titres et/ou contenants), les effets de mise en page et de mise en forme mettent en ordre l’information, facilitant ainsi la lecture.
Shrub Seed Banks in Mixed Conifer Forests of Northern California and the Role of Fire in Regulating Abundance
Authors: Knapp Eric E. , Weatherspoon C. Phillip , Skinner Carl N. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractUnderstory shrubs play important ecological roles in forests of the western US, but they can also impede early tree growth and lead to fire hazard concerns when very dense. Some of the more common genera (Ceanothus, Arctostaphylos, andPrunus) persist for long periods in the seed bank, even in areas where plants have been shaded out. To determine shrub seed density and investigate the feasibility of managing shrub abundance by regulating the size of the soil seed bank with fire, we sampled the seed bank in 24 mixed conifer forest stands throughout northern California. Twenty stands were unburned, two had recently burned in wildfires, and two (McCloud and Jennie Springs) were subjected to experimental prescribed fires with unburned controls. Seeds were extracted from duff and soil that was collected in six layers, to a depth of 10 cm in the mineral soil.Ceanothusseeds were the most abundant (mean = 246 seeds m−2), noted at all sites and at 88% of sampling locations within unburned sites.ArctostaphylosandPrunusseeds were less abundant (mean = 29 seeds m−2and 6 seeds m−2, respectively), but still recorded at 64% and 45% of the unburned sites, respectively. The depth of seed burial varied at all unburned sites, but some seed was present even at the deepest (6 cm to 10 cm) soil layer, where seed mortality due to heat from burning is least likely. Seed density was substantially reduced, but not eliminated, by October prescribed burns at both McCloud and Jennie Springs, while seed density following July burns at Jennie Springs did not differ from the control. The abundance of buried seed indicates that restoring shrubs to forest understory should be possible even in areas where they are currently lacking. If preventing shrubs from colonizing a site is the management goal, the effectiveness of a single prescribed fire may be limited.
Bilateral Inverted Papilloma of the Paranasal Sinus: Literature Review
Authors: Gras-Cabrerizo Juan Ramon , Montserrat-Gili Joan R , Olmo Albert Pujol , Juan Manuel de , Massegur-Solench Humbert 
Published: April 2012

ABSTRACT

Objective
We describe an unusual case of bilateral nasal inverted papilloma.

Case report
Inverted papilloma is a benign epithelial tumor that frequently occurs unilaterally. We report a 65-year-old male patient with a bilateral inverted papilloma located in the ethmoid and maxillary sinus. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery was performed in order to completely remove both tumors.

Conclusion
We present a rare entity of bilateral independent sinonasal papilloma treated successfully with endoscopic sinus approach.