bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Religious cognitive behavioral therapy in religiousoriented obsessive compulsive disorder
Authors: Akouchekian S. , Jamshidian Z. , Maracy M.R. , Almasi A. , Davarpanah Jazi A.H. ,   Behavioral Siences Research Center Group
Published: May 2011

ObjectiveObsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) with religious contents is more prevalent among religious populations. The aim of this study was to evaluate efficacy of religious cognitive-behavioral therapy (RCBT) on OCD with religious content and co-morbidities.Design & methodThis is a randomized controlled clinical trial. Our intervention consists of 10 weekly RCBT 90 minutes sessions supervised by both clergyman and psychiatrist.Randomly 50 patients with 17 and more Yale Brown scores and religious content obsessive symptoms were selected and divided into two intervention and control groups. Yale Brown, SCL-90, and Hamilton depression questionnaires were used in this study. Data were analyzed by ANOVA/ANCOVA repeated measure tests using SPSS ver. 13.ResultsMean age of patients was 32.9 ± 8.86 years. 94% (n = 47) were female. Yale Brown scores in three stages (before intervention, after fifth and tenth session) in both groups decreased specially in intervention group but showed no significant difference (p = 0.294). However there were significant difference between mean scores of two groups (p = 0.047). Comparison of obsession subscale and compulsion subscale of Yale Brown scale showed decrease in three stages of the study. Decreasing trend in obsession subscale is not statistically significant (f (2, 42) = 0.94, p-value = 0.398), but decreasing trend in compulsive subscale is statistically significant (f(2,43) = 36.008, p value < 0.001).ConclusionIn obsessive compulsive disorder with religious contents, religious CBT not only could significantly increase clinical responses, especially in compulsive behavior but also improve co-morbid symptoms such as depression as well as global severity index and decrease symptoms.
P02 - 367 - Qui non zelat, non amat — compulsive jealousy in young women
Authors: Buda B.L. , Tóth G.A. 
Published: May 2011

Qui non zelat, non amat. One who does not burn, does not love - as Saint Augustine states. Jealousy is a troublesome emotion dominating mankind for time beyond all memory.However, it seems to be unclear, what constitutes normal jealousy and where the boundaries of pathological jealousy should be drawn. From the phenomenological point of view, psychiatrists' attention has always been focused on delusional jealousy, as a psychotic symptom. Obsessional jealousy, where the thought has the quality of obsessional ideation, is the topic of much fewer publications. The first clearly defined cases of obsessional jealousy were published by Mooney in 1965. In 1979, Cobb defined jealous ruminations as obsessive thoughts with the resultant compulsive rituals of checking on spouse. In 2007, Agarwal conducted a Medline search and retrieved no more than 20 relevant publications on this topic.In this presentation the authors discuss the cases of 3 young (21–27-year-old) women. In all cases, pathological jealousy with clearly obsessive characteristics was the leading or only psychiatric symptom. Two women were successfully treated with low doses of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (sertralin and fluvoxamine, respectively), while in one case, because of adverse SSRI effects, reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase A was administered. Obsessive jealousy, in contrast to delusive one, often affects young people, causing severe difficulties in gender socialisation, lowering the chances of finding an appropriate conjugal partner, hereby markedly worsening the quality of life. Proper differential diagnosis is, however, essential for choosing an adequate and successful treatment option.
P02 - 368 - Interactions between obsessive - compulsive symptoms and interpersonal profiles during short - term psychodynamic therapy
Authors: Desmet M. , Inslegers R. , Vanheule S. , Meganck R. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionAn increasing amount of outcome research supports the efficacy of Short Term Psychodynamic Psychotherapy (STPP) for a wide range of psychological disorders, reporting effect sizes in meta-analyses between 0.50 and 1.40 (for review see Shedler, 2010). Mapping mechanisms of change in the STPP process can be considered the major challenge of STPP for the decades to come.Objectives/aimsThis study focuses on STPP with Obsessive-Compulsive (OC) patients and tests the hypothesis that the progressive elimination of OC symptoms throughout an STPP process is correlated to a parallel process of change at the level of interpersonal characteristics.MethodMixed quantitative-qualitative analyses of data of Short Term Psychodynamic Therapies with four OC patients are presented. Repeated Measures analyses are performed to study intra-subject associations between intensity of OC symptoms (measured by General Health Questionnaire, GHQ-12, and Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory, OCI-R) and interpersonal characteristics (measured by Inventory of Interpersonal Problems, IIP-32).ResultsObserved associations between evolutions in general interpersonal characteristics and general complaints were significant yet inconsistent across the patients. Qualitative analyses, however, revealed similarities on the level of specific interpersonal characteristics, in this respect that all patients struggled to escape the suffocating impact of parental figures and/or romantic partners.ConclusionsRather than elaborating a general interpersonal style (cfr. Desmet et al., 2008), the results suggest that a progressive elaboration of parent-child and partner relationships is a crucial characteristic of the STPP process with OC patients. Limitations of the study are the small sample size and the absence of contrast- and control groups.
P02 - 369 - Neuroimaging of the various symptom dimensions in obsessive - compulsive disorder - a systematic review
Authors: Dold M. , Lanzenberger R. , Aigner M. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionSeveral neuroimaging studies in obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD) have shown a dysfunction in the orbito-fronto-striato-thalamamic neural circuitry as the fundamental neuropathological correlate, consistent across all symptom subtypes.Therefore, the neurobiological differentiation of the various obsessive-compulsive symptoms is attracting increasing interest in neuroimaging as this clinical picture becomes increasingly subclassified.MethodA systematic literature survey was used to search for original papers that studied the neurobiological correlates of the various symptom dimensions of OCD (symmetry, forbidden thoughts, washing, hoarding).ResultsIt was possible to include a total of 15 original papers in the assessment. The “forbidden thoughts” factor, which also includes compulsion to control, is associated mainly with activations in brain structures of the cognitive control system, i.e. the basal ganglia and parts of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Therefore, the neural representation pattern of “forbidden thoughts” differs clearly from that of “washing”, in which cerebral regions of emotional control seem to be particularly involved, i.e. the orbito-frontal cortex (OFC), ACC, the amygdala and insula. On the other hand, the “hoarding and collecting” dimension is primarily associated with brain areas involved in decision-making, i.e. the ventro-medial OFC, the dorsal ACC and the dorso-lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPC).DiscussionThe results confirm the hypothesis that all dimensions of OCD are based on different neuronal networks, which underlines the neurobiological heterogeneity of the clinical picture of OCD, thus pointing the way for future research strategies.
The study of cerebral lateralization of global-local visual processing inobsessive-compulsive patients
Authors: Fath N. , Goodarzi M.A. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionObsessive-compulsive patients have many problems in their processing.ObjectivesThey have a local processing than global processing. They focoused on the local aspect of world.AimsThe purpose of this study was to examine cerebral lateralization of global-local visual processing in obsessive-compulsive patients.MethodsAll participants were right handed. Participants completed Edinburgh, the padua, Beck Depression and the Anxiety Inventories and computer task. The repeated measure design of 2(2×3×2) was used to analyze the reaction time data, and the repeated measure design of 2(2×2) was used to analyze the interference data.ResultsResults indicated that OC patients were generally faster in local stimuli processing than global stimuli processing. Also in patient’s group, global stimuli (incongruent) processing contrary to local stimuli (incongruent) processing in the right hemisphere was faster than that of the left hemisphere, a result consistent with previous literature for normal people. In patient’s group, global-to-local interference contrary to local-to-global interference in the right hemisphere was greater than that of the left hemisphere, but in normal’s group, interference pattern in two hemispheres showed no significant differences. In addition, local to global interference in the left hemisphere of normal’s group was greater than that of the patient’s group, but these differences was not significant. Also results showed similar global-to-local interference in normal and patient’s group.ConclusionsIn general, the results of this study show that OC patients are faster in processing of local stimuli than global stimuli. However, this can not be attributed to a dysfunctional hemisphere.
Muscle dysmorphic disorder - a new nosologic entity arises?
Authors: Freire Lucas R.M. 
Published: May 2011

Morbid concern over body image was considered, until recently, a female issue. Nowadays, it has been viewed as a common male disorder. Muscle dysmorphia, a subtype of a body dysmorphic disorder, affects men who, despite having clear muscular hypertrophy, see themselves as frail and small. Besides being associated to major social, leisure and occupational dysfunction, muscle dysmorphia is also a risk factor for the abuse of steroids and other substances. This work describes epidemiological, etiological and clinical characteristics of muscle dysmorphia and comments on its treatment strategy.We searched for scientific articles about this topic on the databases MEDLINE, LILACS and PsycINFO, using the search words “muscle dysmorphic disorder”. We chose to preferentially include original articles and recent reviews.
Addiction obsession
Authors: Ghaffarinejad A. , Ghasemi M. 
Published: May 2011

Obsessions include intrusive thoughts, phobias, images and impulses. In this presentation we are going to present an obsessive patient who was obsessed regarding using addictive substances.Represented case is a 27 year's old married man with no previous history of cigarette and any substance abuse or dependence. He referred to our OPD clinic in Kerman psychiatric hospital / Iran. He had recurrent and intrusive thoughts which made him anxious and reported social function problems due to his thoughts. His obsessive thoughts began when he was eighteen at that time he continuously obsessed about smoking cigarette, but when was offered one by one of his friends, he scared and destroyed it. A few years later he had recurrent obsessive thoughts a bout using and marijuana and opium and the pleasure which could be occurred then after. Since a year before his referral he had the same thought about heroin. Other than this obsessive thought, he believed in magic and referred to faith healers several times. He also thought, he should sell his properties and spend the income for buying opium and heroin. This thought decreased obviously after taking 200 mg fluvoxamine during four weeks. He never used any substance even for one time. He was not smoking at all. We concluded that addiction obsession could bea separate type of obsession. It could be a variant of obsessive impulses. Availability of substances may play a role in forming his symptom.
BAS, BIS and FFS in obsessive-compulsive patients
Authors: Ghooshchianchoobmasjedi S. , Hassani J. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionRecent research on the obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has emphasis on the moderating effects of the brain behavioral mechanisms.ObjectivesThe main purpose of this research was to examine the Gray's brain behavioral systems (1994) among the obsessive-compulsive disordered patients.AimsMy aim of this research was to examine the Gray's brain behavioral systems (1994) among the obsessive-compulsive disordered patients.MethodsParticipants were included 20 obsessive-compulsive patients and 20 normal individuals who were selected respectively by available sampling and counter balance sampling methods on the basis of the age, sex and education variables. The average of participant's ages was 29/85 (SD = 7/37). All subjects were completed the Gray-Wilson Questionnaire and data were extracted for the three systems of BAS, BIS and FFS and also for its six measures of approach, active avoidance, passive avoidance, extinction, fight and flight separately.ResultsA multivariate analysis of variance, for comparing six measures of the Gray-Wilson questionnaire were shown significantly differences for Behavioral Activation System (BAS) and also for Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS). Pairwise comparisons were shown a higher Behavioral- Inhibition system (BIS) and a lower Behavioral- Activation system (BAS) in obsessive -compulsive patients than normal individuals. No significant difference was found for Fight- Flight system (FFS).ConclusionsThese results were suggested higher BIS and lower BAS activity as moderator of OCD. This results supported the reinforcement sensitivity theory (RST) conveying a higher tendency to the punishment and elimination of the reward in anxious person as a consequence of Behavioral-Inhibition System (BIS).
Paliperidone augmentation for refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder: A case report
Authors: Grammatikopoulos I. , Nikolaidis N. , Giouzepas I. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionDespite the substantial clinical improvements provided by the pharmacologic and cognitive-behavior therapies of OCD, it has been estimated that 40%–60% of patients still remains refractory to conventional treatment.ObjectivesMedication augmentation can be an effective and well-tolerated short-term treatment strategy for non-responders to first-line pharmacotherapy of obsessive-compulsive disorders.AimsTo investigate the efficacy of paliperidone as augmenting agent in the treatment of resistant OCD patient.MethodsIn the present case, we present a 6 months follow-up of an obsessive-compulsive patient treated with paliperidone ER and fluvoxamine. Paliperidone ER was started at 6 mg/day and increased up to a maximum of 12 mg/day. The clinical symptoms were measured by Y-BOCS and efficacy measures with CGI and PSP scale scores.ResultsWe found that obsessive-compulsive symptoms improved after 4weeks. Patient showed a significant improvement over the 6 months follow-up for Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale total score at week 24 as compared with baseline (from a score of 34 to a score of 12). A significant improvement in the mean PSP scale score was also seen and “much improved” on the CGI score from baseline to end point. A mean bodyweight change of ≤2 kg over the 24-week study period observed, but there were no clinically meaningful changes in glucose, insulin and blood lipid levels. There was no adverse event reported after the augmentation with paliperidone.ConclusionsAdding paliperidone to SSRIs could be a valid strategy for treatment-resistant OCD patients and additional efficacy studies and randomized, double-blind studies are needed.
Patients profile with obsessive-compulsive disorder attending to psychiatric emergency department
Authors: Mota Rodríguez M.J. , Pampin Alfonso A. , Portillo Díez J. , De Usabel Guzmán P. , Pérez García M. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionPrevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in general population is 2–3%. This high prevalence is not often reflected in number of assitances to Emergency Department. There are few studies that analyze the characteristics of OCD patients assisting to psychiatric emergency services.ObjectiveTo establish the profile of these patients, determining aswell their type of emergency assistance, time distribution and why they relapse. We used the SPSS 17 package.MethodsA retrospective and descriptive study of attendances at the Psychiatry Emergency Department of Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela in a sample of patients fitting the ICD-10 criteria for OCD diagnosis (n = 45). Time period: from 9TH July 2007 to 26TH September 2010.ResultsFrom 5091 attendances at the Psychiatry Emergency Department, 45 patients had an OCD diagnosis (57.8% women), with a mean age of 33.31 ± 11.58 years. 68.9% came from rural areas. 44.4% had comorbid psychiatric disorders.68.9% came by own initiative. In 28.9% the consultation was anxiety, 15.6% obsessive symptoms and 11% affective symptoms. 13.3% were admitted to a psychiatric ward.There was lower attendance between 0:00–08:00 AM and on Fridays. The months with more attendance were August and September.12% had more than one assitance, 85.7% were women with anxiety symptoms (38%) and with personality disorder as the most frequent comorbid diagnosis.ConclusionsPatient's profile: “33 years old female from countryside, presenting anxiety symptoms, who comes only once and by own initiative. Doesn’t have comorbid psychiatric disorders. After the psychiatric evaluation she is discharged to outpatient's psychiatric follow-up”.
EEG-source estimates and vigilance regulation in obsessive compulsive disorder in comparison to healthy controls
Authors: Olbrich H. , Olbrich S. , Jahn I. , Hegerl U. , Stengler K. 
Published: May 2011

Neurophysiological hyperactivation of cortical and subcortical brain areas has been reported in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) using functional imaging techniques and electroencephalography (EEG). Also sleep disturbances and delayed sleep phases have been associated with OCD symptomatology. However, vigilance regulation in OCD during the transition phase from wakefulness to sleep onset remains unclear. Therefore the aim of this study was to analyze EEG-source estimates and EEG vigilance regulation in OCD patients in comparison to healthy controls.A 15 minute resting EEG was recorded in 30 unmedicated OCD patients and 30 healthy, age and gender matched controls. EEG power source estimates of the whole time series were computed by exact Low Resolution Brain Electromagnetic Tomography (eLORETA). Each consecutive one second EEG-segment was classified into one out of seven EEG-vigilance stages (0, A1, A2, A3, B1, B2/3, C) using Vigilance Algorithm Leipzig (VIGALL). The eLORETA analysis (log of F-ratios, p < 0.05, corrected for multiple comparison) revealed significantly increased delta power in the right superior frontal gyrus for OCD patients in comparison to healthy controls. Vigilance analysis yielded significantly increased amounts of high vigilance stage A2 (Mann-Whitney test, p < 0.001, corrected for multiple comparison) for OCD patients.This study repeated findings of altered EEG-power in frontal areas in OCD patients. Alterations of EEG-vigilance regulation were found with increased amounts of high vigilance stage A2. This is in line with a hypothesis of cortical hyperactivation in OCD. The value of EEG-vigilance as a possible biological marker for e.g. treatment response should be focus of further studies.
Childhood trauma experience and obsessive-compulsive disorder in Chinese population: A case control study
Authors: Wang Z. , Wang X. , Xu H. , Zhang H. , Xiao Z. 
Published: May 2011

BackgroundChildhood trauma is known to predispose to a variety of psychiatric disorders, including anxiety, mood, and substance use. However, the relationship between childhood trauma and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has not been well studied. The aim of the present study is to compare childhood trauma experience between OCD and controls, and explore its impact on symptoms of OCD.MethodsOne hundred eighty-five outpatients who met DSM-IV diagnosis of OCD and 132 gender- age- matched controls were included in this study. The Early Trauma Inventory Self Report-Short Form (ETISR-SF) was administered to all participants to evaluate 4 types (general, physical, emotional and sexual) of trauma and its severity. The Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) was used to measure the severity of symptoms of OCD patients.ResultsOCD patients showed a significantly greater severity in all four types of trauma when compare with controls. 77% of OCD patients reported at least one type of childhood trauma experience, and 18% reported sexual trauma. Sexual trauma experience is significantly associated with obsessive but not compulsive symptoms of OCD patients. When compared to female OCD patients, male patients reported significantly higher scores on general trauma, physical abuse and emotional abuse; but lower of sexual abuse.ConclusionThe present study revealed the high prevalence of childhood trauma among OCD patients, which is consistent with evidence from previous studies suggesting that childhood trauma may play a role in the development of mental disorders. It may be important to consider the impact of childhood trauma in OCD clinical management.
Restoring of the reproductive function as an important constituent of the psychological condition of oncological female patients
Authors: Bakunina N. 
Published: May 2011

Estimation of clinical-and-psychological status was conducted among female patients with diagnosis of cervical carcinoma and endometrial cancer. There were 2 sample groups.The first group consisted of 16 patients of early reproductive age from 20 to 35, not having patient parity. Tissue retrieval of ovary with following criopreservation was carried out among the patients of this group during the surgery stage. To restore the hormonal function of the ovary and rehabilitate the reproduction function after finishing of the complex treatment all patients underwent autotransplantation of the unfrozen ovary tissues into the abdominolvesical wall. Rehabilitation of the reproductive function consists of centesis of Graafian follicle, obtaining of the ovule, in vitro fertilization and transmitting of the embryo of the surrogate mother.The following methods were applied:- Informal clinical interviewing,- Abridged Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI),- The State trait Anxiety Inventory,- Personality Questionnaire of the Bechterev Institution.Conclusions1.There has been found out the high intensity of anxious reaction in both groups of oncological female patients, which makes it necessary to provide psychological rehabilitations for patients.2.Euphoric, balanced and ergopatic Types of Attitude to the Disease have been frequently observed.3.The exceeding rates in the scales of neurotic triad observed through the MMPI need adequate correction.4.Restoring of the possibility for a woman to enjoy her reproductive function - improves the quality of life of such patients. Probably this will also increase the efficiency of the antineoplastic treatment and the life expectancy for this patients.