bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Market‐based grid resource co‐allocation and reservation for applications with hard deadlines
Authors: Vanmechelen Kurt , Depoorter Wim , Broeckhove Jan 
Published: March 2009

AbstractGrid computing technology enables the creation of large‐scale IT infrastructures that are shared across organizational boundaries. In such shared infrastructures, conflicts between user requirements are common and originate from the selfish actions that users perform when formulating their service requests. The introduction of economic principles in grid resource management offers a promising way of dealing with these conflicts. We develop and analyze both a centralized and a decentralized algorithm for economic grid resource management in the context of compute bound applications with deadline‐based quality of service requirements and non‐migratable workloads. Through the use of reservations, we co‐allocate resources across multiple providers in order to ensure that applications finish within their deadline. An evaluation of both algorithms is presented and their performance in terms of realized user value is compared with an existing market‐based resource management algorithm. We establish that our algorithms, which operate under a more realistic workload model, can closely approximate the performance of this algorithm. We also quantify the effect of allowing local workload preemption and different scheduling heuristics on the realized user value. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cytomorphologic manifestations of Alzheimer's disease using brain squash smears: An autopsy study with histology–cytology correlation
Authors: Takei Hidehiro , Kosarac Ognjen , Powell Suzanne Z. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. The cardinal histopathologic features include senile plaques (SPs) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), and in addition, granulovacuolar degeneration (GVD) and Hirano bodies (HBs) are frequently observed in the hippocampus. We studied hippocampal cytological features of AD, compared with controls. Hippocampal squash smears were prepared from 26 autopsy brains and stained with three different solutions, including Papanicolaou stain (Pap‐s). The smears were evaluated for the aforementioned four structures and gliosis, and their frequency was compared between AD (n = 15) and control (n = 11) groups. Hippocampal smears of all AD cases revealed NFTs and gliosis. NFTs were light gray with thick flame‐like structures on Pap‐s. GVD was identified in the majority of AD cases and was most easily observed on Pap‐s. SPs were difficult to identify and were seen only in AD cases. HBs were rarely identified as long light eosinophilic hyaline structures on Pap‐s. Cytological findings of hippocampi reflect the characteristic histological features of AD with the exception of HBs, which are difficult to identify on smears. NFTs and gliosis, and SPs seem to be sensitive and specific cytologic markers in hippocampal smears for AD, respectively. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Histological alterations following thyroid fine needle biopsy: A systematic review
Authors: Polyzos Stergios A. , Patsiaoura Kalliopi , Zachou Konstantia 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThyroid fine‐needle biopsy (FNB) is a simple, reliable, inexpensive, and generally safe diagnostic procedure in the management of thyroid nodules. However, the trauma inflicted by the needle may lead to various degrees of histological alterations, observed in histological specimens, if thyroidectomy follows. Post‐FNB histological alterations of the thyroid (PFHAT) can generally be divided into acute and chronic. Hemorrhage is the most common acute and fibrosis the most common chronic PFHAT. Some of the PFHAT causes problems in histological assessment, making diagnosis difficult, even leading to misdiagnosis. In this review, we tried to collect and summarize all reported PFHAT cases and studies, aiming to make involved physicians, cytologists, and pathologists aware of the spectrum of PFHAT and to provide information to help in differential diagnosis and to avoid misdiagnoses, which could lead to unnecessary radical surgery and/or adjuvant therapy. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evaluation of aspiration cytology of the liver space occupying lesions by simultaneous examination of smears and cell blocks
Authors: Khurana Ujjawal , Handa Uma , Mohan Harsh , Sachdev Atul 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThis study was undertaken to compare the efficacy of cytologic smears and histological sections from cell blocks in diagnosis of space occupying lesions (SOLs) of the liver and to classify the lesions on the basis of combined cytohistologic diagnosis. The study was conducted on 50 patients who had radiologically detected SOL/SOLs in the liver and ultrasound‐guided fine needle aspiration of liver was done. In all the cases, both smears and cell blocks were made. Forty‐seven cases were diagnosed as malignant and three as benign on both cytologic smears and cell blocks. Hepatocellular carcinoma was diagnosed in 8 (16%) cases and metastasis in 39 (78%) cases. The subtyping of malignancy could not be done on 11 (22%) cytologic smears and 8 (16%) cell block sections. However, on combined cytohistologic correlation, 17 (34%) out of these 19 (38%) cases could be subtyped. Sensitivity of cytologic smears and cell blocks in subtyping of malignancy was 72.3% and 82.9%, respectively. Combined cytohistologic diagnosis was found to be significantly better than isolated cytologic and cell block diagnosis (P ≤ 0.05). To conclude, FNA of the SOLs of the liver is an effective procedure for diagnosing malignancy. However, cytological examination alone may fail to pinpoint the type of the tumor. Concomitant examination of cell block not only confirms the malignancy but also helps in subtyping it. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparative analysis of immunoglobulin polymerase chain reaction and flow cytometry in fine needle aspiration biopsy differential diagnosis of non‐Hodgkin B‐cell lymphoid malignancies
Authors: Maroto Alicia , Martinez Manuel , Martinez Miguel Angel , de Agustin Pedro , Rodriguez‐Peralto Jose Luis 
Published: March 2009

AbstractSingle primer pair polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays for the detection of clonal immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) gene rearrangements and immunophenotyping by flow cytometry have been proved as useful techniques in the diagnosis of lymphoid disorders in fine needle aspirates. However, a comparative analysis of both ancillary techniques in the same samples has not been previously performed. To compare the sensitivity of flow cytometry and PCR techniques, we made a wide prospective study of 77 fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) samples from lymph nodes and extranodal lymphoid infiltrates. The adjunctive values of a single primer pair PCR amplification of IgH genes and of the immunophenotyping by flow cytometry were evaluated comparing their results with the final clinicopathological diagnosis of each patient supported by histological features and clinical follow up. Among the 24 B‐cell non‐Hodgkin lymphomas, monoclonal IgH bands were detected in 22 cases by PCR, and 21 cases were correctly considered B‐cell lymphoma by flow cytometry. A monoclonal IgH band was also detected in 1 of the 53 reactive lymphoid disorders. When both ancillary techniques were combined with morphological findings, 23 of the 24 B‐cell lymphomas were correctly diagnosed but one reactive lymphoid disorder was also considered a B‐cell lymphoma. We demonstrate a similar level of detection of B‐cell lymphomas by single round PCR and flow cytometry techniques, and a strong adjunctive value when combined with morphological findings to diagnose correctly lymphoproliferative disorders by FNAB. However, we must be cautious with PCR results since false‐positive cases can occur. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Combining fine needle aspiration with brushing cytology has improved yields in diagnosing pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Jing Xin , Wamsteker Erik‐Jan , Li Hong , Pu Robert T. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe aim of this retrospective study is to evaluate the diagnostic yields of combining fine needle aspiration (FNA) with brushing cytology (BC) in clinical work‐up of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.The study included a total of 97 patients who underwent both FNA and BC along with histologic/clinical follow‐up (F/U). Cytologic diagnoses were categorized as negative for neoplasm (NEG), atypical/favor neoplasm (AN), and suspicious or positive for neoplasm (POS). Based on the cytologic diagnoses, the cohort was divided as follows: 23 had concordant FNA and BC diagnoses of POS/AN, all were neoplasms on F/U; 34 had disconcordant (POS/AN vs. NEG) FNA and BC diagnoses, all but 2 were neoplasms on F/U; The remaining 40 were NEG on both FNA and BC, F/U revealed that 10 were neoplasms and 30 were chronic pancreatitis. Overall, FNA rendered more true positive diagnoses than BC. However, BC but not FNA detected neoplasms in 10 patients. Most of the neoplasms identified on F/U were ductal adenocarcinoma (59 of 65). Diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy were 69.2, 93.8, 95.7, 60, and 77.3% for FNA alone, 50.8, 100, 100, 50.0, and 67.0% for BC alone, and 84.6, 100, 100, 76.2, and 89.7% for combining FNA with BC. In conclusion, both EUS‐guided FNA and BC are valuable modalities in the preoperative diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. When used in combination, the two modalities complement each other and achieve better diagnostic yield in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma than either FNA or BC alone. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Primary angiosarcoma of the thyroid gland with recurrence diagnosed by fine needle aspiration: A case report
Authors: Isa Nurismah Md. , James Daniel T. , Saw Teong H. , Pennisi Robert , Gough Ian 
Published: March 2009

AbstractAngiosarcoma of the thyroid is a rare and aggressive primary malignant tumor of the thyroid originally reported in patients from the Swiss Alpine region. Diagnosis of this tumor rests mainly on characteristic histopathological features of a malignant vascular tumor supported by immunopositivity for vascular markers e.g., CD31, Factor VIII, and CD34. Its cytological features, however, are not well‐defined. We describe a case of primary angiosarcoma of the thyroid in a 48‐year‐old female, who presented with a rapidly enlarging neck mass associated with compressive symptoms. She had a history of hypothyroidism. The initial fine needle aspiration cytology of the neck mass was negative. She then underwent left hemithyroidectomy. Histologically, the tumor showed poorly differentiated malignant cells with eccentrically‐placed nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and intracytoplasmic vacuoles admixed with mixed inflammatory cells. These showed immunopositivity for CD31 but were negative for CD34, Factor VIII, CK5/6, EMA, TTF‐1, Thyroglobulin, Calcitonin, Melan A, and Calretinin. A diagnosis of poorly differentiated malignant tumor consistent with angiosarcoma was made. The patient was treated with radiation therapy but developed recurrence of the tumor. Second aspiration cytology of the recurrent tumor yielded hypocellular smears containing singularly dispersed atypical cells having eccentrically‐placed nuclei with prominent macronucleoli and intracytoplasmic vacuoles within a background of inflammatory cells, consistent with recurrent angiosarcoma. Chemotherapy was started but she succumbed to the disease 7 months after diagnosis. The cytological, histopathological, immunohistochemical findings, and the clinical course are discussed. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A technoeconomic and environmental life cycle comparison of green diesel to biodiesel and syndiesel
Authors: Kalnes Tom N. , Koers Ken P. , Marker Terry , Shonnard David R. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractGreen diesel, a renewable diesel fuel produced via the UOP/Eni Ecofining™ process, has the same fuel quality attributes as syndiesel but, over its life cycle, consumes less fossil fuel and generates less greenhouse gas emissions than petroleum diesel. From an investment standpoint, the production of green diesel is competitive with biodiesel. Moderately sized units consistent with current large‐scale biodiesel production can be economical, especially when integrated into an existing petroleum refinery. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2009.
A compact finite difference method for solving Burgers' equation
Authors: Xie Shusen , Li Guangxing , Yi Sucheol , Heo Sunyeong 
Published: March 2009

AbstractIn this paper, a high‐order accurate compact finite difference method using the Hopf–Cole transformation is introduced for solving one‐dimensional Burgers' equation numerically. The stability and convergence analyses for the proposed method are given, and this method is shown to be unconditionally stable. To demonstrate efficiency, numerical results obtained by the proposed scheme are compared with the exact solutions and the results obtained by some other methods. The proposed method is second‐ and fourth‐order accurate in time and space, respectively. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Neuregulin‐1β and neuregulin‐1α differentially affect the migration and invasion of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor cells
Authors: Eckert Jenell M. , Byer Stephanie J. , Clodfelder‐Miller Buffie J. , Carroll Steven L. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractMalignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are the most common malignancy associated with neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1). These Schwann cell lineage‐derived sarcomas aggressively invade adjacent nerve and soft tissue, frequently precluding surgical resection. Little is known regarding the mechanisms underlying this invasive behavior. We have shown that MPNSTs express neuregulin‐1 (NRG‐1) β isoforms, which promote Schwann cell migration during development, and NRG‐1α isoforms, whose effects on Schwann cells are poorly understood. Hypothesizing that NRG‐1β and/or NRG‐1α promote MPNST invasion, we found that NRG‐1β promoted MPNST migration in a substrate‐specific manner, markedly enhancing migration on laminin but not on collagen type I or fibronectin. The NRG‐1 receptors erbB3 and erbB4 were present in MPNST invadopodia (processes mediating invasion), partially colocalized with focal adhesion kinase and the laminin receptor β1‐integrin and coimmunoprecipitated with β1‐integrin. NRG‐1β stimulated human and murine MPNST cell migration and invasion in a concentration‐dependent manner in three‐dimensional migration assays, acting as a chemotactic factor. Both baseline and NRG‐1β‐induced migration were erbB‐dependent and required the action of MEK 1/2, SAPK/JNK, PI‐3 kinase, Src family kinases and ROCK‐I/II. In contrast, NRG‐1α had no effect on the migration and invasion of some MPNST lines and inhibited the migration of others. While NRG‐1β potently and persistently activated Erk 1/2, SAPK/JNK, Akt and Src family kinases, NRG‐1α did not activate Akt and activated these other kinases with kinetics distinct from those evident in NRG‐1β‐stimulated cells. These findings suggest that NRG‐1β enhances MPNST migration and that NRG‐1β and NRG‐1α differentially modulate this process. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mitogen‐activated protein kinase‐signaling regulates the ability of Müller glia to proliferate and protect retinal neurons against excitotoxicity
Authors: Fischer Andy J. , Scott Melissa A. , Ritchey Eric R. , Sherwood Patrick 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate whether insulin, fibroblast growth factor (FGF), and mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways protect retinal neurons against excitotoxicity and regulate the proliferation of Müller glia. We found that intraocular injections of insulin or FGF2 had variable effects upon the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38 MAPK, and CREB, and the expression of immediate early genes, cFos and Egr1. Accumulations of pERK1/2, p38 MAPK, pCREB, cFos and Egr1 in response to insulin or FGF2 were confined to Müller glia, whereas retinal neurons did not seem to respond to growth factors. Unlike FGF2, insulin stimulated microglia‐like cells to upregulate the intermediate filament transitin and lysosomal membrane glycoprotein (LMG). With microglia‐like cells and Müller glia stimulated by insulin or FGF2 there were profound effects upon numbers of dying neurons in response to excitotoxic damage. Although FGF2 significantly reduced numbers of dying neurons, insulin significantly increased numbers of dying neurons. In addition to neuroprotective affects, FGF2 also “primed” the Müller glia to proliferate following retinal damage, whereas insulin had no effect upon glial proliferation. Further, we found that FGF receptor isoform 1 (FGFR1) and FGFR3 were prominently expressed in the retina, whereas the insulin receptor and FGFR2 are not expressed, or are expressed at very low levels. We conclude that MAPK‐signaling through FGF receptors stimulates Müller glia to become more neuroprotective and progenitor‐like, whereas insulin acting on Müller and microglia‐like cells through unidentified receptors had the opposite effect. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Shyness as a continuous dimension and emergent literacy in young children: is there a relation?
Authors: Spere Katherine , Evans Mary Ann 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe present study assessed 89 children in a short‐term longitudinal study from Junior Kindergarten (age 4–5 years) through Grade 1 (age 6–7 years) using a variety of tests of emergent literacy. Children were assessed for reading skill (a composite of word recognition, decoding, and letter‐sound knowledge), phonological awareness, and oral language (i.e. both receptive and expressive vocabulary as well as syntax and fluency). Shyness was treated as a continuous variable rather than contrasting extreme groups of shy and non‐shy children. Shyness was modestly related to vocabulary, verbal fluency, and phonological awareness. Results suggest that among young children the association of greater shyness with compromised skill development potentially extends beyond the vocabulary domain to include emergent literacy more broadly. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Shyness, vocabulary and children's reticence in Saudi Arabian preschools
Authors: Crozier W. Ray , Badawood Asma 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe aims of the present study are to examine whether preschool children's scores on a standardized test of vocabulary mediate or moderate the relation between shyness and reticence and to test whether any influence of vocabulary would be found for both teacher and parent assessments of shyness. Participants were 108 children (50 males), mean age, 63.96 months, attending preschool in Saudi Arabia. Teachers selected shy and non‐shy children and both teachers and parents rated the children on a shyness checklist. Children completed a test of receptive vocabulary. Systematic observations of verbal behaviour were made in ‘show and tell’ and play sessions. Shyness scores were negatively correlated with vocabulary test scores. Shy children were more reticent during ‘show and tell’ and play. Vocabulary test scores did not moderate relations between teacher‐assessed or parent‐assessed shyness and reticence. Vocabulary test scores did not mediate the relation between teacher‐assessed shyness and reticence but there was partial mediation in analyses involving parents' assessments. The variation in findings between different informants is discussed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Differential role of β‐catenin in VEGF and histamine‐induced MMP‐2 production in microvascular endothelial cells
Authors: Doyle Jennifer L. , Haas Tara L. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractIncreases in endothelial cell permeability and production of matrix‐degrading enzymes are two early steps in the angiogenic process. Factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and histamine induce the angiogenic process through alterations in both permeability and proteolysis. We hypothesized that β‐catenin acts as a positive regulator of MMP‐2 and MT1‐MMP transcription following VEGF or histamine stimulation. Rat microvascular endothelial cells were exposed to VEGF or histamine overnight and MMP‐2 protein production was assessed by gelatin zymography. Latent MMP‐2 protein levels were increased following VEGF and histamine treatment as were MMP‐2 mRNA transcript levels. Endothelial cells exposed to VEGF and histamine had an increased level of nuclear β‐catenin, which was sensitive to inhibition of the PI3‐kinase signaling pathway. Promoter assays indicated increased transcriptional activity of both MMP‐2 and MT1‐MMP in endothelial cells co‐transfected with luciferase reporter constructs and β‐catenin. Inhibition of β‐catenin signaling with inhibitor of catenin and T cell factor (ICAT) revealed that the VEGF‐induced increase in MMP‐2 mRNA is β‐catenin dependent. Interestingly, while MMP‐2 mRNA levels increased in response to histamine H1 or H2 receptor activation, significantly larger increases were observed in cells co‐treated with ICAT and histamine or the histamine receptor agonists, HTMT and dimaprit. While both VEGF and histamine increase nuclear β‐catenin and MMP‐2 production, the role of β‐catenin in MMP‐2 regulation differs between the two stimuli. J. Cell. Biochem. 107: 272–283, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Combined preoxidation by permanganate and chlorine in enhancing the treatment of surface water
Authors: Liang Heng , Tian Jia Y , He Wen J , Han Hong D , Chen Zhong L , Li Gui B 
Published: March 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: Combined use of permanganate and chlorine has been shown to have synergistic action in disinfection. However, according to the literature the effects of combined preoxidation on coagulation and filtration have not been thoroughly investigated.RESULTS: Laboratory and pilot experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of the combined preoxidation by permanganate and chlorine on the treatment of River Luan water. Based on the reduction of the residual turbidity and UV254 after sedimentation and filtration, the optimum dosages of permanganate and chlorine were selected. The improvement of treated water quality was also achieved in the pilot processes. Permanganate reduced the amount of chlorine, while it enhanced chlorination and reduced trihalomethane production. The enhanced treatment efficiency could be explained by the synergistic effect of the preoxidants themselves and the effect of chlorine and intermediates such as hydrous manganese dioxide, which was formed in situ by permanganate reduction.CONCLUSION: Laboratory and pilot studies demonstrated that combined preoxidation by permanganate and chlorine could enhance water treatment. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Synthesis of new 1,3‐thiazepine derivatives
Authors: Struga Marta , Kossakowski Jerzy , Miroslaw Barbara. , Koziol Anna E. , Zimniak Andrzej 
Published: March 2009

Abstractmagnified imageCondensation of thiourea derivatives with 1,4‐dibromobutane gave 1,3‐thiazepine derivatives (1a,1b,1c−3a,3b,3c). Elementary analysis, MS and1H NMR spectra confirmed the identity of the products. The molecular structure of2bwas determined by an X‐ray analysis. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2009).