bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Provider Views About Responsibility for Medication Adherence and Content of Physician–Older Patient Discussions
Authors: Tarn Derjung M. , Mattimore Thomas J. , Bell Douglas S. , Kravitz Richard L. , Wenger Neil S. 
Published: May 2012

ObjectivesTo investigate provider opinions about responsibility for medication adherence and examine physician–patient interactions to illustrate how adherence discussions are initiated.DesignFocus group discussions with healthcare providers and audio taped outpatient office visits with a separate group of providers.SettingFocus group participants were recruited from multispecialty practice groups in New Jersey and Washington, District of Columbia. Outpatient office visits were conducted in primary care offices in Northern California.ParticipantsTwenty‐two healthcare providers participated in focus group discussions. One hundred patients aged 65 and older and 28 primary care physicians had their visits audio taped.MeasurementsInductive content analysis of focus groups and audio taped encounters.ResultsFocus group analyses indicated that providers feel responsible for assessing medication adherence during office visits and for addressing mutable factors underlying nonadherence, but they also believed that patients were ultimately responsible for taking medications and voiced reluctance about confronting patients about nonadherence. The 100 patients participating in audio taped encounters were taking a total of 410 medications. Of these, 254 (62%) were discussed in a way that might address adherence; physicians made simple inquiries about current patient medication use for 31.5%, but they made in‐depth inquiries about adherence for only 4.3%. Of 39 identified instances of nonadherence, patients spontaneously disclosed 51%.ConclusionThe lack of intrusive questions about medication taking during office visits may reflect poor provider recognition of the questions needed to assess adherence fully. Alternatively, provider beliefs about patient responsibility for adherence may hinder detailed queries. A paradigm of joint provider–patient responsibility may be needed to better guide discussions about medication adherence.
Routine Physical Activity and Mortality in Mexican Americans Aged 75 and Older
Authors: Ottenbacher Allison J. , Snih Soham A. , Karmarkar Amol , Lee Jinhyung , Samper‐Ternent Rafael , Kumar Amit , Bindawas Saad , Markides Kyriakos S. , Ottenbacher Kenneth J. 
Published: May 2012

ObjectivesTo examine the association between routine physical activity and risk of 3‐year mortality in Mexican Americans aged 75 and older.DesignLongitudinal study involving a population‐based survey.SettingHispanic Established Population for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly (H‐EPESE) survey conducted in the southwestern United States (TX, CO, AZ, NM, CA).ParticipantsMexican‐American men and women aged 75 and older (N = 948) participating in the H‐EPESE.MeasurementsResponses to the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE) were assessed in 2005–06. Mortality was determined according to report of relatives at 3‐year follow‐up and from the National Death Index. Covariates included sociodemographic characteristics, financial strain, smoking status, body mass index, activities of daily living, depressive symptoms, cognitive function, and comorbid conditions.ResultsThe mean age of the sample was 82.2 ± 4.5. Cox proportional hazard regression estimated that the hazard ratios of death for persons in the low, moderate, and high quartiles of physical activity (PASE scale) ranged from 0.36 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.21–0.62) to 0.50 (95% CI = 0.31‒0.82) compared to persons in the sedentary quartile after adjusting for covariates.ConclusionRoutine physical activity involving household and leisure activities was associated with lower 3‐year risk of mortality in a sample of older Mexican Americans living in the community.
Adiponectin in breast milk: relation to serum adiponectin concentration in lactating mothers and their infants
Authors: Savino F , Lupica MM , Benetti S , Petrucci E , Liguori SA , Cordero Di Montezemolo L 
Published: May 2012

AbstractAims:  The aims of the study were to determine human breast milk adiponectin concentration and to investigate its relationship with serum adiponectin concentration in lactating mothers and their infants and also to evaluate the relationship between serum adiponectin concentration and anthropometric parameters in nurses and infants.Methods:  We enrolled 60 healthy term breastfed (BF) infants and their lactating mothers. Adiponectin was determined by radioimmunoassay test in serum and by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay test in human milk (HM). Infants’ and mothers’ anthropometric parameters were measured.Results:  Median (25‰, 75‰) adiponectin concentration in HM was 9.99 (3.59, 20.52) ng/mL. Serum adiponectin concentration in infants was 60.49 (45.76, 74.24) μg/mL and in lactating mothers 21.14 (12.61, 29.66) μg/mL. Adiponectin concentration in HM correlated positively with adiponectin in mothers’ serum; r = 0.60 (p < 0.001) and in infants’ serum r = 0.37 (p = 0.015). Adiponectin in HM correlated negatively with infants’ age r = −0.3 (p = 0.04). Infants’ serum adiponectin correlated negatively with their weight r = −0.35 (p = 0.005), length r = −0.35 (p = 0.006) and age r = −0.46 (p < 0.001) and mothers’ serum adiponectin with their weight r = −0.37 (p = 0.02) and body mass index r = −0.45 (p = 0.004).Conclusions:  The observed correlations between adiponectin in mothers, HM and BF infants may be suggestive for a metabolic link between nurses and infants through milk.
Enhanced thrombin generation and depressed anticoagulant function in children with pneumonia
Authors: Långström Satu , Peltola Ville , Petäjä Jari , Ruuskanen Olli , Heikinheimo Markku 
Published: May 2012

AbstractAims:  To clarify the status of the coagulation system in children with community‐acquired pneumonia.Methods:  Coagulation activation markers (prothrombin fragment F1 + 2, thrombin–antithrombin complexes, D‐dimer), the natural anticoagulants (antithrombin, protein C and S) and tissue factor were measured in 28 consecutive children with pneumonia on admission to the hospital. Patients were divided into those with either bacterial‐type pneumonia (at least two of the following three criteria: plasma C‐reactive protein (CRP) >80 mg/L, white blood cell count >15 × 109/L and alveolar infiltrates on the chest radiograph) or viral‐type pneumonia.Results:  The majority of the patients (79%) showed elevation of at least one of the three coagulation activation markers. Plasma CRP concentration correlated with F1 + 2 (R = 0.44, p < 0.05) and D‐dimer (R = 0.71, p < 0.0001). Patients with bacterial‐type pneumonia (n = 17) had higher D‐dimer levels (p < 0.05) and lower levels of antithrombin (p = 0.005) and protein C (p = 0.08) than the patients with viral‐type pneumonia.Conclusions:  Children with community‐acquired bacterial‐type pneumonia show distinctive changes in their coagulation system. The finding of coagulation system activation and depressed function of natural anticoagulants in uncomplicated pneumonia helps to understand the rapid and unpredictable changes observed in the coagulation status in patients with more severe forms of disease.
Determinants of infant formula use and relation with growth in the first 4 months
Authors: Betoko Aisha , Charles Marie‐Aline , Hankard Régis , Forhan Anne , Bonet Mercedes , Regnault Nolwenn , Botton Jérémie , Saurel‐Cubizolles Marie‐Josephe , de Lauzon‐Guillain Blandine ,   the EDEN Mother–Child Cohort Study Group
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe wide variety of infant formula available on the market can be confusing for parents and physicians. We aimed to determine associations between predominant type of formula used from birth to 4 months and parental and child characteristics and type of physician consulted, and then to describe relations between type of formula used and growth. Our analyses included 1349 infants from the EDEN mother–child cohort. Infant's feeding mode and type of formula used were assessed at 4 months by maternal self‐report. Infant's weight and height from birth to 4 months, measured in routine follow‐up, were documented by health professionals in the infant's personal health record. Anthropometric z‐scores were calculated by using World Health Organization growth standards. Multinomial logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with the type of formula predominantly used; relations with growth were analysed by linear regressions. Partially hydrolysed formulas were more likely to be used by primiparous women (P < 0.001), those breastfeeding longer (P < 0.001) and for infants with family history of allergies (P = 0.002). Thickened formulas were more often used by mothers returning to employment in the first 4 months (P = 0.05) and breastfeeding shortly (P < 0.001). No significant relation was found between infant's growth and type of formula (P > 0.20). Infants breastfed shorter showed higher weight‐for‐age (P < 0.001) and length‐for‐age (P = 0.001) z‐score changes between birth and 4 months. The use of a specific type of infant formula seems to be mainly related to parental characteristics. Infant's growth in the first 4 months is related to other factors than to the type of formula used.
Swedish Translation, Adaptation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Context Assessment Index (CAI)
Authors: Nilsson Kajermo Kerstin , Böe Heidi , Johansson Eva , Henriksen Eva , McCormack Brendan , Gustavsson J. Petter , Wallin Lars 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe strength of and relationship between the fundamental elements context, evidence and facilitation of the PARIHS framework are proposed to be key for successful implementation of evidence into healthcare practice. A better understanding of the presence and strength of contextual factors is assumed to enhance the opportunities of adequately developing an implementation strategy for a specific setting. A tool for assessing context—The Context Assessment Index (CAI)—was developed and published 2009. A Swedish version of the instrument was developed and evaluated among registered nurses. This work forms the focus of this paper.PurposeThe purpose of this study was to translate the CAI into Swedish, adapt the instrument for use in Swedish healthcare practice and assess its psychometric properties.MethodsThe instrument was translated and back‐translated to English. The feasibility of items and response scales were evaluated through think aloud interviews with clinically active nurses. Psychometric properties were evaluated in a sample of registered nurses (n = 373) working in a variety of healthcare organisations in the Stockholm area. Item and factor analyses and Cronbach's alpha were computed to evaluate internal structure and internal consistency.ResultSixteen items were modified based on the think aloud interviews and to adapt the instrument for use in acute care. A ceiling effect was observed for many items and the originally identified 37 item five‐factor model was not confirmed. Item analyses showed an overlap between factors and indicated a one‐dimensional scale.DiscussionThe Swedish version of the CAI has a wider application than the original instrument. This might have contributed to the differences in factor structure. Different opportunities for further development of the scale are discussed.ConclusionsFurther evaluation of the psychometric properties of the CAI is required.
Regenerative endodontics as a tissue engineering approach: Past, current and future
Authors: Malhotra Neeraj , Mala Kundabala 
Published: May 2012

AbstractWith the reported startling statistics of high incidence of tooth decay and tooth loss, the current interest is focused on the development of alternate dental tissue replacement therapies. This has led to the application of dental tissue engineering as a clinically relevant method for the regeneration of dental tissues and generation of bioengineered whole tooth. Although, tissue engineering approach requires the three main key elements of stem cells, scaffold and morphogens, a conductive environment (fourth element) is equally important for successful engineering of any tissue and/or organ. The applications of this science has evolved continuously in dentistry, beginning from the application of Ca(OH)2 in vital pulp therapy to the development of a fully functional bioengineered tooth (mice). Thus, with advances in basic research, recent reports and studies have shown successful application of tissue engineering in the field of dentistry. However, certain practical obstacles are yet to be overcome before dental tissue regeneration can be applied as evidence‐based approach in clinics. The article highlights on the past achievements, current developments and future prospects of tissue engineering and regenerative therapy in the field of endodontics and bioengineered teeth (bioteeth).
Efficacy of the enamel matrix derivative in direct pulp capping procedures: A systematic review
Authors: Al‐Hezaimi Khalid , Javed Fawad , Al‐Fouzan Khalid , Tay Franklin 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe aim was to review the efficacy of the enamel matrix derivative (EMD) in direct pulp capping (DPC) procedures. Databases were explored using the following keywords: ‘dental’, ‘dentine’, ‘enamel matrix derivative’, ‘pulp capping’ and ‘treatment’. The inclusion criteria were: (i) original studies; (ii) human and animal studies; (iii) reference list of potentially relevant original and review articles; (iv) intervention: effect of EMD on pulp‐capping procedures; and (v) articles published only in English. Eight studies (four human and four animal) were included. Among the human studies, two studies reported that EMD is a more efficient DPC procedure compared with calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2). One study reported Ca(OH)2 to be more efficient for DPC than EMD. One study reported no difference in the efficacies between EMD and Ca(OH)2 for DPC. All animal studies reported EMD to be more effective in reparative dentine formation in comparison with Ca(OH)2. EMD can provide favourable results in DPC procedures.
Static hydraulic urethral sphincter for treatment of urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence in 11 dogs
Authors: Delisser P. J. , Friend E. J. , Chanoit G. P. A. , Parsons K. J. 
Published: May 2012

Objective: To review the postoperative results and complications associated with urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence managed with a static hydraulic urethral sphincter.Methods: Case records and a telephone owner questionnaire were retrospectively used to assess postoperative urinary continence scores (1 – dripping constantly to 10 – completely dry) and presence and frequency of complications.Results: Eleven spayed females were included. Median continence score/10 (range) awarded preoperatively was 3 (2 to 6), and scores at two weeks, three and six months were 8 (4 to 10), 9 (4 to 10) and 8 (4 to 10), respectively. At the last survey, the median continence score of 9 (5 to 10) was significantly better (P=0·004) than before surgery. Complete continence was achieved in 36·4% of dogs. The median (range) follow‐up time was 412 (118 to 749) days. Complications occurred in 9 of 11 dogs and included dysuria (n=7), bacterial cystitis (n=7), longer urination time (n=8), urinary retention (n=3), haematuria (n=1), pain (n=3) and incisional seroma (n=3).Clinical Significance: Static hydraulic urethral sphincter was frequently associated with minor complications but no major complications (i.e. those requiring further surgery). Continence scores were significantly improved compared with those before surgery, with the possibility of further improvement following inflation of the sphincter.
Selective Acceleration of the Protonated Merocyanine‐Spiropyran Photochromic Transformation by Inclusion in Cucurbit[7]uril
Authors: Miskolczy Zsombor , Biczók László 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe effect of cucurbit[7]uril (CB7) on the spiropyran‐merocyanine photochromic interconversion was studied in acidic and alkaline aqueous solutions. The merocyanine (MC) isomer was found to be the thermodynamically most stable form both in water and in the presence of CB7. A preferential binding of the protonated merocyanine (MCH+) to CB7 was observed with an equilibrium constant of 7.4 × 104 m−1, and the complex formation led to significant diminution of acidity of the guest. The photoinduced transformation of MCH+ to the spiropyran isomer was accelerated 2.3‐fold upon addition of CB7, whereas the rates of the other photochromic processes were not affected. The partial inclusion of MCH+ in CB7 led to dual fluorescence due to the incomplete deprotonation in the singlet‐excited state.
Permanent Genetic Resources added to Molecular Ecology Resources Database 1 February 2012 – 31 March 2012
Authors:   Molecular Ecology Resources Primer Development Consortium, ANDRIS MALVINA , ARIAS M. C. , BARTHEL BRANDON L. , BLUHM BURTON H. , BRIED JOËL , CANAL D. , CHEN X. M. , CHENG P. , CHIAPPERO MARINA B. , COELHO MANUELA M. , COLLINS ANGELA B. , DASH M. , DAVIS MICHELLE C. , DUARTE MARGARIDA , DUBOIS MARIE‐PIERRE , FRANÇOSO E. , GALMES M. A. , GOPAL KESHNI , JARNE PHILIPPE , KALBE MARTIN , KARCZMARSKI LESZEK , KIM HUN , MARTELLA MÓNICA B. , MCBRIDE RICHARD S. , NEGRI VALERIA , NEGRO J. J. , NEWELL ANNAKAY D. , PIEDADE ANA F. , PUCHULUTEGUI CECILIA , RAGGI LORENZO , SAMONTE IRENE E. , SARASOLA J. H. , SEE D. R. , SEYOUM SEIFU , SILVA MÓNICA C. , SOLARO C. , TOLLEY KRYSTAL A. , TRINGALI MICHAEL D. , VASEMÄGI A. , XU L. S. , ZANÓN‐MARTÍNEZ J. I. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThis article documents the addition of 171 microsatellite marker loci and 27 pairs of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sequencing primers to the Molecular Ecology Resources Database. Loci were developed for the following species: Bombus pauloensis, Cephalorhynchus heavisidii, Cercospora sojina, Harpyhaliaetus coronatus, Hordeum vulgare, Lachnolaimus maximus, Oceanodroma monteiroi, Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, Rhea americana, Salmo salar, Salmo trutta, Schistocephalus solidus, Sousa plumbea and Tursiops aduncus. These loci were cross‐tested on the following species: Aquila heliaca, Bulweria bulwerii, Buteo buteo, Buteo swainsoni, Falco rusticolus, Haliaeetus albicilla, Halobaena caerulea, Hieraaetus fasciatus, Oceanodroma castro, Puccinia graminis f. sp. Tritici, Puccinia triticina, Rhea pennata and Schistocephalus pungitii. This article also documents the addition of 27 sequencing primer pairs for Puffinus baroli and Bulweria bulwerii and cross‐testing of these loci in Oceanodroma castro, Pelagodroma marina, Pelecanoides georgicus, Pelecanoides urinatrix, Thalassarche chrysostoma and Thalassarche melanophrys.
Biomass production potential fromPopulusshort rotation systems inRomania
Authors: Werner Christian , Haas Edwin , Grote Rüdiger , Gauder Martin , Graeff‐Hönninger Simone , Claupein Wilhelm , Butterbach‐Bahl Klaus 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe aim of this study was to assess the potential of biomass production by short rotation poplar in Romania without constraining agricultural food production. Located in the eastern part ofEurope,Romania provides substantial land resources suitable for bioenergy production. The process‐oriented biogeochemical modelLandscapeDNDCwas used in conjunction with the forest‐growth modelPSIMto simulate the yield of poplar grown in short‐rotation coppice at different sites inRomania. The model was validated on five sites with different climatic conditions inCentralEurope. Using regional site conditions, with climatic parameters and organic carbon content in soil being the most important, the biomass production potential of poplar plantations was simulated for agricultural areas acrossRomania.Results indicated a mean productivity of 12.2 ± 0.5 t ha−1 year−1of poplar coppices on arable land inRomania. The highest yields were simulated for lowland areas in the south‐east and west and for theMures valley, whereas the lowest yields – due to either temperature or water limitations – were found for the mountainous regions, theDanube valley, and the region west ofBucharest. The amount of abandoned arable land in the past 10 years indicates that around 10% of cropping land in production in 1999 (approximately 1 million ha) is available for bioenergy production systems today. Production of poplar grown in short‐rotation coppices on these areas would result in a yield of approximately 10 million tons of wood per year. The energy that can be generated by conversion of poplar short rotation coppice biomass may contribute up to approximately 8% of the national energy demand if these set‐aside areas are used for lignocellulosic bioenergy.
Gorham's Disease complicated with bilateral chylothorax and successfully treated with Interferon‐alpha‐2a
Authors: Liu Chao‐Yu , Yen Chueh‐Chuan , Su Kang‐Cheng , Wu Yu‐Chung 
Published: May 2012

AbstractGorham's disease (GD) is rare and characterized by non‐neoplastic lymphovascular proliferation and massive osteolysis. Its clinical course is usually protracted, but sometimes life threatening when vital structures are involved or when complicated with chylothorax. There is no optimal treatment guideline for GD complicated with chylothorax. Surgical ligation of thoracic duct, pleurectomy, pleurodesis, interferon‐alpha‐2b, and radiotherapy, are reported to manage chylothorax. We present the case of a 32‐year‐old man with Gorham's disease complicated by bilateral chylothorax, which was refractory to radiotherapy but remitted dramatically two weeks after interferon‐alpha‐2a therapy. The patient was free of relapse four months after discontinuing four‐month interferon therapy. To date, only 11 cases (including ours) of GD with chylothorax have received interferon as single or salvage therapy, and 10 of them survived. Early intervention with interferon therapy can be considered as an effective treatment for GD complicated with bilateral chylothorax.
Effect of multidose cilostazol on pharmacokinetic and lipid profile of atorvastatin in male Wistar rats
Authors: Vats Rahul , Varanasi Kanthikiran V S , Arla Rambabu , Veeraraghavan Sridhar , Rajak Shraddha , Murthy Aditya Narasimha 
Published: May 2012

Abstract

Objectives
Atorvastatin (ATV) and cilostazol (CLZ) are often co-prescribed to treat conditions such as peripheral arterial disease. In the present study, the drug–drug interaction potential of multi-dose CLZ on both pharmacokinetics and the lipid-lowering ability of single-dose ATV is demonstrated.

Method
The pharmacokinetic parameters of ATV were determined in Wistar rats after per-oral pre-treatment with CLZ for 7 days in order to assess the interaction potential between ATV and CLZ. In-vitro metabolic inhibition and everted gut sac studies were conducted to elucidate the mechanism of this interaction. Biochemistry analyser was used to estimate lipid profiles in Wistar rats. A validated LC-MS/MS method was employed to simultaneously quantify both ATV and CLZ in rat plasma matrix.

Key findings
A statistically significant increase in systemic exposure to ATV after a single dose was observed in CLZ pre-treated rats. In-vitro metabolism studies using rat liver microsome (RLM) demonstrated statistically significant inhibition of ATV metabolism when co-incubated with CLZ. No change in apparent permeability of ATV was observed in the presence of CLZ. The blood lipid profile study after ATV administration indicated a statistically significant decrease in total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol.

Conclusions
Multi-dose administration of CLZ influences the pharmacokinetics and lipid-lowering properties of ATV. Collectively, an apparent interaction between selected drugs was evident.