bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells induced by collagen‐based hydrogel: An in vivo study
Authors: Zheng L. , Fan H. S. , Sun J. , Chen X. N. , Wang G. , Zhang L. , Fan Y. J. , Zhang X. D. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractChondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) relies on inductive media of chondrogenic environment. With proper design, a cellular microenvironment mimicking chondrogenic environment might be created to induce chondrogenesis of MSCs. In this study, bone marrow mesenchymal cells (BMSCs) were encapsulated in collagen‐based hydrogel, and then enclosed in diffusion‐chambers which allow the body fluid to permeate and preclude the host cells to invade. Then, the chamber with the hydrogel‐BMSCs composite was implanted in the back of rabbits subcutaneously. The specimens in the chamber were harvested for histological, immunohistochemical, and RT‐PCR analyses after 8 weeks. The results showed that cells with the characteristic of chondrocytes were homogenously distributed and the extracellular matrix (ECM) of cartilage has been secreted, indicating the chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs. As control, nothing was obtained with only BMSCs. Moreover, the expression of collagen type II, indicator of cartilage ECM, was less in tissues with collagen‐alginate‐hydrogel (CAH) than that with collagen‐hydrogel (CH). The results showed that both CH and CAH may induce the chondrogenesis and the induction is materials dependent. From in vitro experiments, TGF‐β is a necessary signal molecule for chondrogenesis, and it was suggested that the material may take in vivo growth factors to trigger chondrogenesis. From the studies, the chondrogenic induction of the hydrogel may be ascribed to that the hydrogel may provide a suitable environment and aggregate the signal molecule for chondrogenesis in vivo. The results would lend valuable reference in clinical for selection of appropriate scaffold for cartilage repair. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010
Shear‐regulated uptake of nanoparticles by endothelial cells and development of endothelial‐targeting nanoparticles
Authors: Lin Arthur , Sabnis Abhimanyu , Kona Soujanya , Nattama Sivaniaravindapriya , Patel Hemang , Dong Jing‐Fei , Nguyen Kytai T. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe purpose of this research project was to develop nanoparticles with improved targeting, adhesion, and cellular uptake to activated or inflamed endothelial cells (ECs) under physiological flow conditions. Our hypothesis is that by mimicking platelet binding to activated ECs through the interaction between platelet glycoprotein Ibα (GP Ibα) and P‐selectin on activated endothelial cells, GP Ibα‐conjugated nanoparticles could exhibit increased targeting and higher cellular uptake in injured or activated endothelial cells under physiological flow conditions. To test this hypothesis, fluorescent‐carboxylated polystyrene nanoparticles were selected for the study as a model particle because of its narrow size distribution as a “proof‐of‐concept.” Using confocal microscopy, fluorescent measurements, and protein assays, cellular uptake properties were characterized for these polystyrene nanoparticles. The study also found that conjugation of 100‐nm polystyrene nanoparticles with glycocalicin (the extracellular segment of GP Ibα) significantly increased the particle adhesion on P‐selectin‐coated surfaces and cellular uptake of nanoparticles by activated endothelial cells under physiological flow conditions. The results demonstrate that these novel endothelial‐targeting nanoparticles could be the first step toward developing a targeted and sustained drug delivery system that can improve shear‐regulated particle adhesion and cellular uptake. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010
Saurolactam inhibits osteoclast differentiation and stimulates apoptosis of mature osteoclasts
Authors: Kim Myung Hee , Ryu Shi Yong , Choi Joon Sig , Min Yong Ki , Kim Seong Hwan 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe receptor activator of nuclear factor‐κB ligand (RANKL) plays a critical role in the differentiation and bone resorptive activity of osteoclasts. Recently, the development of anti‐resorptive agents from natural substances has become a subject of interest. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of 222 natural compounds on the RANKL‐induced tartrate‐resistance acid phosphatase (TRAP; a marker for osteoclast differentiation) activity and multinucleated osteoclast formation in RAW264.7 murine macrophage cells. We found that saurolactam was one of the compounds inhibiting the RANKL‐induced osteoclastogenesis; it significantly inhibited the RANKL‐induced TRAP activity and formation of multinucleated osteoclasts without any cytotoxicity. Interestingly, saurolactam prevented RANKL‐induced activation of MAP kinases and NF‐κB, and mRNA expression of osteoclast‐related genes and transcription factors (c‐Fos, Fra‐2, and NFATc1). We also observed the inhibitory effect of saurolactam on the differentiation of mouse bone marrow‐derived macrophages into osteoclasts. Furthermore, saurolactam inhibited the bone resorptive activity of mature osteoclasts with the induction of apoptotic signaling cascade and the inhibition of survival signaling pathways such as c‐Src/PI3K/Akt, Ras/ERK, and JNK/c‐Jun. In conclusion, although further studies are needed to determine the precise mechanism and biological efficacy of saurolactam in osteoclast‐mediated bone disorders, our results demonstrate that saurolactam potentially inhibits osteoclast differentiation by preventing the activation of MAP kinases and transcription factors that consequently affect the regulation of genes required for osteoclastogenesis, and the bone resorptive activity of mature osteoclasts by inhibiting osteoclast survival‐related signaling pathways and triggering the apoptotic signaling cascade. J. Cell. Physiol. 221: 618–628, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Correction of mutant Fanconi anemia gene by homologous recombination in human hematopoietic cells using adeno‐associated virus vector
Authors: Paiboonsukwong Kittiphong , Ohbayashi Fumi , Shiiba Haruka , Aizawa Emi , Yamashita Takayuki , Mitani Kohnosuke 
Published: August 2009

AbstractBackgroundAdeno‐associated virus (AAV) vectors have been shown to correct a variety of mutations in human cells by homologous recombination (HR) at high rates, which can overcome insertional mutagenesis and transgene silencing, two of the major hurdles in conventional gene addition therapy of inherited diseases. We examined an ability of AAV vectors to repair a mutation in human hematopoietic cells by HR.MethodsWe infected a human B‐lymphoblastoid cell line (BCL) derived from a normal subject with an AAV, which disrupts the hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase1 (HPRT1) locus, to measure the frequency of AAV‐mediated HR in BCL cells. We subsequently constructed an AAV vector encoding the normal sequences from the Fanconi anemia group A (FANCA) locus to correct a mutation in the gene in BCL derived from a FANCA patient.ResultsUnder optimal conditions, approximately 50% of BCL cells were transduced with an AAV serotype 2 (AAV‐2) vector. In FANCA BCL cells, up to 0.016% of infected cells were gene‐corrected by HR. AAV‐mediated restoration of normal genotypic and phenotypic characteristics in FANCA‐mutant cells was confirmed at the DNA, protein and functional levels.ConclusionsThe results obtained in the present study indicate that AAV vectors may be applicable for gene correction therapy of inherited hematopoietic disorders. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impact of infrastructures on paid work opportunities and unpaid work burdens on rural women in Bangladesh
Authors: Chowdhury Shyamal K. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThis study deals with two questions: what role infrastructures can play in promoting paid work opportunities for women and what specific type of infrastructure can reduce women's time burden? The study brings empirical evidence on these two questions in a specific country context. Findings from an econometric model that endogenises women's paid and unpaid work show that the impacts of infrastructure on women's work and total time burden depend on the type of a particular infrastructure and availability of other infrastructures. While hard infrastructure shows significant influence on women's work with a lag, a rise in paid work outside home has not been equally compensated by a decline in unpaid work at home. The findings have important policy implications in infrastructure policy design and provision. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A longitudinal study of determinants of perceived employability
Authors: Wittekind Anette , Raeder Sabine , Grote Gudela 
Published: August 2009

AbstractEmployability is highly important to individuals in coping with job insecurity. Although many employability models have been developed, few studies have tested determinants of employability empirically. This longitudinal study aims to analyze core determinants of perceived employability. These were tested using a sample of 465 employees (time 1) taken from four companies in Switzerland and surveyed at three points in time. In order to include data from all participants, we used multilevel analysis (level 1: time, level 2: person). Results showed that education, support for career and skill development, current level of job‐related skills, and willingness to change jobs were significant predictors of perceived employability. Contrary to our hypotheses, willingness to develop new competencies, opportunity awareness, and self‐presentation skill failed to predict perceived employability. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Experimental vibrational spectra (Raman, infrared) and DFT calculations on monomeric and dimeric structures of 2‐ and 6‐bromonicotinic acid
Authors: Karabacak Mehmet , Cinar Mehmet , Ermec Sahin , Kurt Mustafa 
Published: August 2009

AbstractIn this work, the Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectra of 2‐bromonicotinic acid and 6‐bromonicotinic acid (abbreviated as 2‐BrNA and 6‐BrNA, C6H4BrNO2) have been recorded in the region 4000–400 and 3500–50 cm−1. The optimum molecular geometry, normal mode wavenumbers, infrared intensities and Raman scattering activities, corresponding vibrational assignments and intermolecular hydrogen bonds were investigated with the help of B3LYP density functional theory (DFT) method using 6‐311++G(d,p) basis set. Reliable vibrational assignments were made on the basis of total energy distribution (TED) calculated with scaled quantum mechanical (SQM) method. From the calculations, the molecules are predicted to exist predominantly as the C1 conformer. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Salvage esophagectomy after definitive chemoradiotherapy for thoracic esophageal cancer
Authors: Miyata Hiroshi , Yamasaki Makoto , Takiguchi Shuji , Nakajima Kiyokazu , Fujiwara Yoshiyuki , Nishida Toshiro , Mori Masaki , Doki Yuichiro 
Published: August 2009

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesAlthough locoregional failure frequently occurs after definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT), the role of salvage esophagectomy has not been fully evaluated. The aim of this study was to compare the outcome of salvage esophagectomy after high‐dose definitive CRT with neoadjuvant CRT.MethodsFrom 1994 to 2007, 33 patients with thoracic esophageal cancer underwent salvage esophagectomy after definitive CRT, and 115 patients underwent neoadjuvant CRT followed by surgery.ResultsThe postoperative mortality rate in the salvage group (12%) was higher than in the neoadjuvant group (3.6%, P = 0.059). The rates of postoperative complications were significantly higher in the salvage group than in neoadjuvant group: Anastomotic leakage (39% vs. 22%, respectively, P = 0.049), bleeding (15% vs. 1.7%, respectively, P = 0.002), cardiovascular complications (24% vs. 5.4%, respectively, P = 0.001). Univariate analysis showed that pretherapy T stage, pretherapy lymph node status, pathological T stage, and operative curability were significant prognostic factors affecting survival of patients who underwent salvage esophagectomy. In particular, patients with cT3–T4 tumors or cN1 tumors before definitive CRT showed worse prognosis after salvage esophagectomy.ConclusionsSalvage esophagectomy after high‐dose definitive CRT was associated with higher postoperative mortality and morbidity rates compared with neoadjuvant CRT. Only selected patients can be rescued by salvage esophagectomy. J. Surg. Oncol. 2009;100:442–446. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A prospective clinical study on early recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatectomy
Authors: Lu Xin , Zhao Haitao , Yang Huayu , Mao Yilei , Sang Xinting , Miao Ruoyu , Xu Yiyao , Du Shunda , Xu Haifeng , Chi Tianyi , Yang Zhiying , Zhong Shouxian , Huang Jiefu 
Published: August 2009

AbstractBackgroundTo determine more precisely time interval from resection to recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to identify the risk factors associated with postoperative recurrence.MethodsFrom January 2004 to December 2007, 178 patients who underwent resection of HCC were followed prospectively for at least 12 months. Recurrence was identified by the digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Demographic, tumor, and disease characteristics were compared between patients with recurrence within 6 months and between 7 and 12 months, and those without recurrence to evaluate for their prognostic significance. Patients with intrahepatic recurrence were treated with trans‐arterial chemoembolization (TACE) and re‐assessed by CT scans, contrast‐enhanced ultrasound, or MRI.ResultsRecurrence developed in 52 patients between 1 and 6 months, 11 patients between 7 and 12 months, and 115 patients remained disease free for at least 1 year. The recurrence rates of 6 months and 1 year were 29.2% and 35.4%, respectively. No statistically significant difference between was observed. Fourteen (22.2%) patients with recurrence and 11 (9.6%) patients without recurrence had previously presented as multifocal HCC, and the difference is of statistical significance (P = 0.025). The diagnostic accuracy of DSA as validated by other diagnostic methods was 81.8%.ConclusionsRecurrences are more likely to develop within the first 6 months after resection for HCC. Multifocal HCC is an important risk factor associated with early recurrence of advanced HCC after hepatectomy. DSA may serve as an important surveillance for early detection of intrahepatic recurrence after surgery. J. Surg. Oncol. 2009;100:488–493. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prognostic importance of standardized uptake value on F‐18 fluorodeoxyglucose‐positron emission tomography in biliary tract carcinoma
Authors: Furukawa Hiroyoshi , Ikuma Hiroki , Asakura Koiku , Uesaka Katsuhiko 
Published: August 2009

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesF‐18 fluorodeoxyglucose‐positron emission tomography (FDG‐PET) has been used for diagnosis and staging of malignant diseases. However, the prognostic significance of FDG uptake on PET had not been sufficiently evaluated in patients with biliary carcinoma.MethodsWe performed a retrospective review of patients with biliary carcinoma imaged by FDG‐PET to determine whether high uptake of FDG predicted overall survival independently of clinicopathological characteristics. Sixty‐nine patients with biliary carcinoma underwent FDG‐PET before cancer treatment. The maximum standard uptake value (maxSUV) was calculated as an index of FDG uptake.ResultsA receiver operating characteristic curve demonstrated a maxSUV of 6.3 to be the optimal cutoff point. The 3‐year survival rate of patients with a maxSUV of 6.3 or less was 74.3%, whereas it was 44.1% for those with values greater than 6.3. Univariate analysis showed that the maxSUV was one of the significant prognostic factors for overall survival (P = 0.0119), whereas multivariate analysis showed that the independent predictors of survival were pN, pM, and pTNM staging.ConclusionsSUV analysis of FDG‐PET was useful to predict the prognosis of biliary carcinoma. This information may assist in the guiding of treatment strategies before postoperative pathological assessment. J. Surg. Oncol. 2009;100:494–499. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Lymphadenectomy in colorectal cancer liver metastases resection: Incidence of hilar limph nodes micrometastasis
Authors: Viana E.F. , Herman P. , Siqueira S.C. , Taka T. , Carvalho P. , Coelho F.F. , Pugliese V. , Saad W.A. , D'Albuquerque L.A.C. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractBackgroundLiver resection is considered the best treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer. Several prognostic factors have been investigated, and many studies have shown that hepatic hilum lymph nodes involvement has a negative impact on prognosis. The present study evaluated the frequency of microscopic involvement of hilar lymph nodes, through systematic lymphadenectomy and analysis of micrometastases in patients undergoing hepatectomy due to colorectal metastasis.MethodsA total of 28 patients underwent hepatic resection with hilar lymphadenectomy. Lymph nodes considered negative by conventional hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining were analyzed by serial sectioning with 100‐µm intervals and immunohistochemistry (IHC) with anti‐human pancytokeratin antibody AE1/AE3.ResultsIn average, 6.18 lymph nodes were dissected per patient. No morbidity or mortality was associated to lymphadenectomy. In two patients, conventional H&E analysis showed presence of microscopic lymph node metastasis. IHC analysis allowed the identification of three other patients with lymph node micrometastases. The overall frequency of microscopic metastases, including micrometastasis, was 18%.ConclusionsSystematic lymphadenectomy allowed the detection of microscopic lymph node metastases, resulting in more accurate staging of extrahepatic disease. The inclusion of IHC increased the detection of lymph node micrometastasis. J. Surg. Oncol. 2009;100:534–537. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Chemotherapy followed by surgery in patients with carcinoma of the distal esophagus and celiac lymph node involvement
Authors: Boonstra J. J. , Koppert L.B. , Wijnhoven B.P. , Tilanus H.W. , Van Dekken H. , Tran T.C.K. , Van der Gaast A. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractBackgroundPatients with carcinoma of the distal esophagus and metastatic celiac lymph nodes (M1a) have a poor prognosis and are often denied surgery. In this study, we evaluated our treatment strategy of chemotherapy followed by surgery in patients with M1a disease.MethodsThirty‐eight patients who received chemotherapy for carcinoma of the distal esophagus with celiac lymph node involvement between 2000 and 2007 were identified from a prospective database. Clinical and histopathological responses to chemotherapy were analyzed and follow‐up comprised review of medical charts.ResultsTwelve non‐responding patients were not eligible for surgery. Twenty‐six patients with partial responses or stable disease were operated on. The resectability rate was 96% (25/26) and tumor‐free resection margins (R0) were achieved in 68% (17/25). The overall survival of patients with M1a disease was 16 months. Patients who received chemotherapy alone had a median survival of 10 months; patients who underwent additional surgery had a median survival of 26 months (log‐rank P < 0.001).ConclusionThe overall survival of patients with carcinoma of the distal esophagus and clinical celiac lymph node involvement is poor. Tumor‐free resection margins (R0) in M1a patients with clinical response to chemotherapy are likely to be achieved and contributes to prolonged survival. J. Surg. Oncol. 2009;100:407–413. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synergism between protocatechualdehyde and rare earth cerium(IV) ion on the corrosion of cold rolled steel in hydrochloric acid solution
Authors: Li X. H. , Deng S. D. , Mu G. N. , Fu H. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe synergism between protocatechualdehyde (PAL, 3,4‐dihydroxy‐benzaldehye) and rare earth cerium(IV) ion (Ce4+) on the corrosion of cold rolled steel (CRS) in 1.0 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution has been investigated by weight loss and potentiodynamic polarization methods. The results reveal that PAL has a moderate inhibitive effect, while Ce4+ has a poor effect. Incorporation of PAL with Ce4+ improves the inhibition performance significantly, and exhibits synergistic inhibition effect. The adsorption of individual PAL obeys the Temkin adsorption isotherm, and the adsorption of the complex of PAL and Ce4+ accords with the Temkin adsorption isotherm too. The thermodynamic parameters of adsorption heat (ΔH0), adsorption free energy (ΔG0), and adsorption entropy (ΔS0) are calculated and discussed. Polarization curves show that individual PAL acts as a mixed‐type inhibitor, while Ce4+ slightly inhibits the corrosion reaction. The complex of PAL and Ce4+ acts as a mixed‐type inhibitor, which drastically inhibits both anodic and cathodic reactions. Depending on the results, the synergism mechanism is proposed from the viewpoint of adsorption theory.
Role of second phase particles in pitting corrosion of 3003 Al alloy in NaCl solution
Authors: Liu Y. , Cheng Y. F. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe second phase particles in 3003 aluminum (Al) alloy were characterized by scanning electron microscope, energy‐dispersive X‐ray analysis and X‐ray diffraction techniques. The role of second phase particles in Al alloy pitting corrosion was investigated by cyclic polarization measurement, and scanning vibrating electrode technique. Results demonstrated that the second phase particles in 3003 Al alloy are mainly Alx(Fe,Mn) intermetallics, with an average diameter of about 5 µm. The enrichment of Mn in second phase particles forms a galvanic cell effect relative to the adjacent Al alloy substrate. The initiation of pitting corrosion of 3003 Al alloy is the local dissolution of Al substrate around the second phase particles. When a sufficient amount of Al is dissolved away, the second phase particles drop off from the Al substrate, forming large pitting cavities that are usually linked each other.
Electrochemical corrosion behavior of plasma sprayed Al2O3‐13%TiO2 coatings in aqueous hydrochloric acid solution
Authors: Wang Y. , Tian W. , Zhang T. , Yang Y. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractOne kind of conventional and two kinds of nanostructured Al2O3‐13%TiO2 coatings were prepared by plasma spray process. The phase composition and microstructure of coatings were examined by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used to investigate the corrosion behavior of coatings in aqueous hydrochloric acid solution. The results showed that nanostructured coatings had superior corrosion resistance compared to conventional Metco 130 coating. The corrosion resistance of coatings was mainly related to their microstructure and defects density. The EIS measurement for long time immersion in hydrochloric acid solution revealed that the corrosion resistance of coatings decreased with the increasing of immersion time. During the immersion period, electrochemical corrosion mainly occurred on the carbon steel substrate under NiCrAl coatings. In addition, the Al2O3‐13%TiO2 coatings were also failed during corrosion in aqueous hydrochloric acid solution.