bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial Heterogeneity Modeling of the Neighbourhood Effects and Socio-economic Factors on Burglary Crimes in Nigeria
Authors: Adeyemi Rasheed A. , Ibrahim Aminu , Olumoh Jamiu S. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This paper examines the geographical patterns of distribution in burglary crimes (residential and nonresidential) in Nigeria for the incidence year 2017. Our novel approach integrates spatial structures into the traditional regression framework and evaluates the spatial disparities in neighborhood effects and the socio-economic characteristics of burglary crimes at sub-national levels. The study proposed four spatially varying models to demonstrate the importance of incorporating spatial dependence components in the models. The determinant factors included in the model are; the unemployment rate, education index, and poverty indices, alongside demographic variables, to understand crime patterns. A Bayesian analysis was performed via Markov chain Monte Carlo simulations to estimate the model parameters. The analysis revealed that the proportional contribution due to neighborhood (clustering) effect was estimated as 24.7% for the house-breaking and the estimated neighborhood contribution as 29.0% for the store-breaking occurrence. This approach demonstrates superiority in model performance, as indicated by the lowest Deviance Information Criterion. Findings reveal negative associations between burglary and multi-dimensional poverty, while young male adults show a positive relationship with store-breaking incidents. Hot spot areas and spatial variations in crime patterns are identified, offering insights for criminologists and informing policing strategies for effective crime prevention.
DAVID CAMERON: A HOSTAGE TO HIS OWN PROMISES OR A VICTIM OF THE “EUROPEAN QUESTION”?
Authors: Атапин Е.А. 
Published: June 2024

Дэвид Кэмерон стал для Британии премьер-министром, приведшим ее к референдуму по вопросу членства в Европейском союзе, на котором с небольшим перевесом было принято решение о выходе государства из интеграционного объединения. В статье рассматривается отношение Д. Кэмерона к «европейскому вопросу» в период его пребывания на Даунинг-стрит с 2010 по 2016 гг. Анализируется влияние евроскептического крыла Консервативной партии на подход Д. Кэмерона к проблемам взаимоотношений Великобритании и Евросоюза. Делается попытка установить причины его многочисленных обещаний относительно проведения всенародного голосования по вопросу членства Соединенного Королевства в ЕС. Особое внимание уделяется Блумбергской речи Д. Кэмерона, в которой он дал официальное обещание провести плебисцит. Кроме того, затрагиваются особенности кампании британского референдума 2016 г. и объясняется влияние его итогов на отставку Д. Кэмерона с поста премьер-министра.
David Cameron’s premiership was marked by a referendum on Britain’s membership in the European Union. During this popular vote the decision was made by a small margin to withdraw the UK from the European integration association. The article examines D. Cameron’s attitude to the “European question” during his tenure as Prime Minister from 2010 to 2016. The influence of the eurosceptic wing of the Conservative Party on D. Cameron’s approach to the problems of relations between Great Britain and the European Union is analyzed. The author attempts to find out the reasons for his numerous promises to hold a referendum on the issue of the United Kingdom’s membership in the EU. Particular attention is paid to D. Cameron’s Bloomberg speech in which he made an official promise to hold a plebiscite. In addition, the features of the 2016 British referendum campaign are characterized and the influence of its results on the resignation of D. Cameron is explained.
ON THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE POWER STRUCTURE DURING THE REIGN OF HENRY VII
Authors: Мухин М.А. 
Published: June 2024

В статье рассматривается система управления Англией, функционирующая в правление Генриха VII. Утверждается, что несвойственное абсолютному большинству монархов участие Генриха VII в управлении Англией создало иллюзию того, что он — «архитектор» бюрократической системы управления. Отмечается, что сложившейся властный механизм был основан на личном управлении монархом неинституционализированной системы личных взаимодействий. Выявляется, что Генрих VII не стремился ликвидировать власть аристократии, и при управлении Англией во многом опирался на нее как и его предшественники. При этом к концу правления короля большинство знати было должно ему большие денежные суммы. Нет свидетельств, что, используя парламент или другие институты, Генрих VII стремился существенно трансформировать систему управления. Делается вывод, что, хотя первый монарх из династии Тюдоров добился усиления центральной власти, а также её политического и финансового превосходства над аристократами, но Генрих VII был средневековым монархом, и структурная трансформация власти в правление короля осуществлена не была.
The article examines the system used to rule England during the reign of Henry VII. It is argued that Henry VII's uncharacteristic involvement in ruling the country created an illusion that he was the "architect" of the bureaucratic government system. It is noted that the established power mechanism had been based on the monarch's personal management of a non-institutionalised system of person-to-person relations. It is pointed out that Henry VII did not seek to eliminate the power of the aristocracy, and in ruling England relied on it to a large extent, as had done his predecessors. At the same time, by the end of his reign, most of the nobility owed him large sums of money. There is no evidence that Henry VII utilised parliament or other institutions to significantly transform the government system. It is concluded that although the first Tudor monarch strengthened the central power and reinforced its political and financial superiority over the aristocrats, Henry VII was still a medieval monarch, and the power structure did not undergo any significant transformation during his reign.
THE TUDOR NAVY: SCIENTIFIC APPROACHES TO THE STUDY.
Authors: Гаврилов С.Н. 
Published: June 2024

Военно-морской флот тюдоровского периода традиционно приковывал к себе внимание историков. С момента зарождения исторической науки сменилось несколько научных подходов в исследовании этого предмета: от «героического» до «институционального». Казалось бы, тюдоровский флот – одна из самых исследованных тем, поэтому профессиональным историкам на современном этапе трудно внести в нее что-то новое. Однако, это не так. Сегодня мы становимся очевидцами зарождения новых научных подходов, дающих возможность посмотреть на знакомый предмет исследования с иных сторон. В данной статье рассматривается как смена научных подходов в истории изучения королевского флота династии Тюдоров, так и уделяется внимание зарождающимся новым, имеющим большие перспективы в научных исследованиях.
The Tudor navy has traditionally attracted the attention of historians. Since the birth of historical science, several scientific approaches have changed in the study of this subject: from the "heroic" to the "institutional". It would seem that the Tudor navy is one of the most researched topics, so it is difficult for professional historians at the present stage to introduce something new into it. However, it is not so. Today we are witnessing the emergence of new scientific approaches that make it possible to look at a familiar subject of research from other angles. This issues examines both the change of scientific approaches in the history of the study of the Royal Navy of the Tudor dynasty, and pays attention to emerging new ones that have great prospects in scientific research.
Synergistic effect and microbial community structure of waste-activated sludge and kitchen waste solids residue mesophilic anaerobic co-digestion
Authors: Xue Tongzhan , Yan Xiangyu , Li Weihua , Xu Jiajia , Yang Xinlei 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Anaerobic co-digestion was conducted on the solid residues after three-phase separation of kitchen waste (KWS) and waste-activated sludge (WAS), the synergistic effects and process performance were studied during co-digestion at different ratios of KWS to WAS. KWS and WAS mix ratios of 0:1, 1:4, 1:3, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, 4:1 and 1:0 (based on TS). The results showed that a ratio of KWS to WAS of 1:1 got a very high methane recovery with a methane yield of 310.45 ± 30.05 mL/g VSadded. The highest concentration of free ammonia among all reaction systems was only 70.23 ± 5.53 mg/L, which was not enough to produce ammonia inhibition in the anaerobic co-digestion system. However, when the KWS content exceeded 50%, methane inhibition and prolongation of the lag phase were observed due to the accumulation of volatile fatty acids (VFAs), and during the lag phase. Microbial community analysis showed that various bacterial groups involved in acid production and hydrolysis were mainly dominated by phylum Firmicutes, Chloroflexi, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes. Hydrogenotrophic methanogen was found to dominate all archaeal communities in the digesters. Co-digestion of KWS with WAS significantly increased the relative abundance of Methanobacterium compared with anaerobic digestion of WAS alone.
Implementing a completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite process using a novel umbrella basalt fiber carrier
Authors: Li Shan-Wei , Xu Wei , Xie Yu-Jie , Fu Liang , Gao Qi , Wang Xiao-Chun , Li Yan , Wu Zhi-Ren 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

The completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process is significantly hindered by prolonged start-up periods and unstable nitrogen removal efficiency. In this study, a novel umbrella basalt fiber (BF) carrier with good biological affinity and adsorption performance was used to initiate the CANON process. The CANON process was initiated on day 64 in a sequencing batch reactor equipped with umbrella BF carriers. During this period, the influent NH4+-N concentration gradually increased from 100 to 200 mg·L−1, and the dissolved oxygen was controlled below 0.8 mg L−1. Consequently, an average ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency (ARE) and total nitrogen removal efficiency (TNRE) of ∼90 and 80% were achieved, respectively. After 130 days, ARE and TNRE remained stable at 92 and 81.1%, respectively. This indicates a reliable method for achieving rapid start-up and stable operation of the CANON process. Moreover, Candidatus Kuenenia and Candidatus Brocadia were identified as dominant anammox genera on the carrier. Nitrosomonas was the predominant genus among ammonia-oxidizing bacteria. Spatial differences were observed in the microbial population of umbrella BF carriers. This arrangement facilitated autotrophic nitrogen removal in a single reactor. This study indicates that the novel umbrella BF carrier is a highly suitable biocarrier for the CANON process.
Exploration of the Shared Gene Signatures and Molecular Mechanisms
between Chronic Bronchitis and Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic
Antibody-associated Glomerulonephritis: Evidence from Transcriptome Data
Authors: Cai Xiaojing , Li Yueqiang , Liu Qingquan , Gao Xiang , Li Junhua 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Chronic Bronchitis (CB) is a recurrent and persistent pulmonary inflammation disease.
Growing evidence suggests an association between CB and Anti-neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-associated
Glomerulonephritis (ANCA-GN). However, the precise mechanisms underlying their association remain
unclear.

Aims:
The purpose of this study was to further explore the molecular mechanism of the occurrence of chronic
bronchitis (CB) associated with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated glomerulonephritis (ANCA-
GN).

Objective:
Our study aimed to investigate the potential shared pathogenesis of CB-associated ANCA-GN.

Methods:
Datasets of ANCA (GSE108113 and GSE104948) and CB (GSE151052 and GSE162635) were obtained
from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets. Firstly, GSE108113 and GSE151052 were analyzed
to identify common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by Limma package. Based on common
DEGs, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and functional enrichment analyses, including GO, KEGG,
and GSEA, were performed. Then, hub genes were identified by degree algorithm and validated in
GSE104948 and GSE162635. Further PPI network and functional enrichment analyses were performed on hub
genes. Additionally, a competitive ceRNA network was constructed through miRanda and spongeScan. Transcription
factors (TFs) were predicted and verified using the TRRUST database. Furthermore, the CIBERSORT
algorithm was employed to explore immune cell infiltration. The Drug Gene Interaction Database
(DGIDB) was utilized to predict small-molecular compounds of CB and ANCA-GN.

Result:
A total of 963 DEGs were identified in the integrated CB dataset, and 610 DEGs were identified in
the integrated ANCA-GN dataset. Totally, we identified 22 common DEGs, of which 10 hub genes (LYZ, IRF1,
PIK3CG, IL2RG, NT5E, ARG2, HBEGF, NFATC2, ALPL, and FKBP5) were primarily involved in inflammation
and immune responses. Focusing on hub genes, we constructed a ceRNA network composed of
323 miRNAs and 348 lncRNAs. Additionally, five TFs (SP1, RELA, NFKB1, HIF1A, and SP3) were identified
to regulate the hub genes. Furthermore, immune cell infiltration results revealed immunoregulation in CB
and ANCA-GN. Finally, some small-molecular compounds (Daclizumab, Aldesleukin, and NT5E) were predicted
to predominantly regulate inflammation and immunity, especially IL-2.

Conclusion:
Our study explores the inflammatory-immune pathways underlying CB-associated ANCA-GN
and emphasizes the importance of NETs and lymphocyte differentiation, providing novel insights into the
shared pathogenesis and therapeutic targets.
Mechanisms of QiShenYiQi in Inhibiting Blood-Brain Barrier Damage
Following Stroke: A Network Pharmacology and Experimental Study
Authors: Zhang Bo , Li Guang-Tian , Ye Yang 
Published: June 2024

Background and Purpose:
QiShenYiQi (QSYQ) has shown promise in the treatment
of blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage following stroke. However, the identification of its bioactive components and the underlying molecular mechanisms of action remain unknown. This
study aimed to investigate the active ingredients and mechanisms involved in the inhibitory effects of QSYQ on BBB damage after ischemic stroke based on network pharmacology and experimental verification.

Materials and Methods:
The chemical composition and target information of QSYQ were obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology and Analysis Platform.
BBB injury-related targets were identified by screening databases, and the overlapping targets
with QSYQ were collected. Cytoscape software was utilized to construct protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks. Molecular docking analysis was conducted using AutoDock software. Animal experiments were carried out to verify the protective effect of QSYQ on BBB and explore
potential molecular mechanisms.

Results:
A total of 131 active ingredients in QSYQ and 154 common targets related to QSYQ
and BBB damage were identified. Analysis of the PPI network revealed key targets including
ALB, INS, ACTB, TP53, and CASP3 against BBB injury. Molecular docking analysis indicated
favorable binding interactions between dihydrotanshinlactone, tanshinone IIA, salviolone, and
their respective target proteins, such as FOS, INS, CASP3, and JUN. In animal experiments,
QSYQ demonstrated effective inhibition of BBB damage, and this effect may be attributed to the
regulation of ALB, INS, TP53, and CASP3.

Conclusion:
This study provides intriguing insights into the mechanisms by which QSYQ protects against BBB injury following ischemic stroke. Key targets, including ALB, INS, TP53, and
CASP3, could be potentially involved in the beneficial effects of QSYQ.
Understanding the Potential of CBD for Health Benefits: an Overview
Authors: Santos Ivan , P.P. Oliveira M. Beatriz , Casas Ana , Fidalgo Javier , Almeida Hugo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract:
Cannabinoids are compounds with increasing scientific interest, particularly due to
their interaction with the endocannabinoid system via CBR1 and CBR2 receptors. They can interfere with appetite, pain, and sleep or develop mood changes in the individual. Cannabidiol (CBD)
is a well-known cannabinoid with potential benefits, including reducing epilepsy seizures, alleviating anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) symptoms, aiding in Tourette Syndrome (a
neurodevelopmental disorder), depression, sleep disorders, and promising in the treatment of cancer, pain relief, and heart health. Although generally safe, CBD can have side effects, including
drug metabolism interference, fertility, and liver function. In addition, it can be administered by
oral, sublingual, transdermal, or inhalation via each one with different bioavailability.
The application of nanotechnology, specifically through colloidal carrier systems, holds promising
potential for maximizing CBD's efficacy and pharmacological profile. There are reported CBD extraction methods using ethanol, carbon dioxide, deionised water, and non-polar oils like olive or
coconut oil. Green extraction methods have gained popularity due to their higher yields, shorter extraction time, and reduced costs. A specific dose with the desired effects is challenging due to individual factors, with most studies suggesting a range between less than 1 and 50 mg/kg/d. This review aims to explore the principles of CBD-based products development, focusing on extraction
methods and purification processes of this cannabinoid for tinctures, topicals, and other pharmaceutical forms, as well as further research to attain the objectives.
Patient Data Hiding and Transmitting during COVID-19 for Telemedicine
Application using Image Steganography
Authors: Sirisha B Lakshmi , Ahamed Shaik Fayaz , Aruna VBKL 
Published: June 2024

Aim of the Study::
After the COVID-19 pandemic, every individual needs to be more aware of their health. The condition of the human body is ged based on various
health reports like X-rays, CT scan, and MRI scans. Moreover, due to misplacement or loss of medical reports, there is a high probabaility of
improper diagnosis.

Methods::
In order to avoid improper diagnosis, a novel data-hiding technique is proposed in this work. In the proposed method, the patient’s health records
are hidden using polynomial theory in the patient photograph. This is used by doctors in telemedicine for better treatment at the right time. Image
steganography is useful for hiding secret images and also for generating secret keys. This enables only the authorized people (patient and
corresponding doctor) to access the reports using secret keys.

Results::
Four secret images (medical reports of the patient) are successfully embedded onto a single cover image (patient photo) with good quality. After
embedding, the stego images look like cover images so that unauthorized persons will not be able to access the data, and hence, safe transmission
is being carried out.

Conclusion::
A patient's medical report plays an important role in proper medical treatment. Particularly in telemedicine, the safe transmission of patient reports
without any loss or damage is necessary. The proposed method embeds reports of a patient in his/her photo and transmitsthem to the destination
safely with a quality of 45.5 dB. This hiding method is helpful to avoid cyber crimes, illegal transactions, malpractices etc.
Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles for the Estimation of Lead in Chocolates
Authors: Mohan Sabarivasan , Selvaraj Stalin 
Published: June 2024

Background:
This study aimed to demonstrate the practical and sensitive lead detection
using biogenic silver nanoparticles in dark chocolate samples and silver nitrate was reduced using
Syzygium cumini aqueous seed extract as a reducing agent to produce nanoparticles. The obtained
NPs were characterized via spectrometry and scanning electron microscopy.

Method:
Silver nitrate was reduced using Syzygium cumini aqueous seed extract as a reducing agent to
produce nanoparticles. The obtained NPs were characterized via spectrometry and scanning electron
microscopy. The formation of NPs was confirmed by a shift in lambda max to 430 nm and the observation
of 2 nm-sized particles in SEM. Data on change in lambda max as a function of time must be
shown in a figure. Silver nanoparticles mixed with lead induce a red shift from the original 430 nm to
434 nm absorption maximum, confirming the efficiency of silver nanoparticles in finding a lead.

Result:
We evaluated that the limit of detection (LOD) was to be 0.8715 μg/mL, and the limit of
quantification (LOQ) was found to be 150 μg/ mL.

Conclusion:
The prepared biogenic silver nanoparticles have been used to detect lead in spiked diluted
chocolates.
Exploring the Synergistic Antimicrobial Potential of Garlic and Honey: A
Comprehensive Review
Authors: Yadav Priti , Lalwani Surendra , Chanchal Dilip Kumar , Mittal Nidhi , Chaudhary Jitendra Singh 
Published: June 2024

Aims:
This article explores the well-established therapeutic attributes of honey and garlic,
renowned for their potent antibacterial effects. This investigation aims to elucidate the synergistic
antibacterial potential resulting from the combined use of these two natural substances.

Methods:
A comprehensive examination of honey's antibacterial and antifungal characteristics is conducted, delineating its intricate mechanism of action with a focus on hydrogen peroxide and other
phytochemicals. Simultaneously, various processes underpinning the antibacterial properties of garlic
are discussed, with particular emphasis on its key bioactive component, allicin.

Results:
This research unveils a novel perspective on the interaction between honey and garlic. It is
intricately analyzed how garlic's bioactive components disrupt microbial cell membranes, while
honey employs diverse tactics to combat illnesses. This interaction opens new possibilities for modern
antibacterial approaches.

Discussion:
Quantitative findings and the significance of the study are discussed in detail. The practical applications of the synergistic antibacterial potential are underscored, emphasizing its relevance
in food preservation and medicinal contexts. The research accentuates the promising use of garlic and
honey blends as natural alternatives to artificial preservatives, with implications for wound care and
infection prevention.

Conclusion:
Emphasizing the valuable applications of synergistic antibacterial potential across diverse industries, including food preservation and medicine, this study underscores the importance of
harnessing the combined antibacterial qualities of garlic and honey as a sustainable solution to emerging challenges in food safety and health.