bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting who will benefit from endoscopic third ventriculostomy compared with shunt insertion in childhood hydrocephalus using the ETV Success Score
Authors: Kulkarni Abhaya V. , Drake James M. , Kestle John R. W. , Mallucci Conor L. , Sgouros Spyros , Constantini Shlomi 
Published: October 2010

Object
The authors recently developed and internally validated the ETV Success Score (ETVSS)—a simplified means of predicting the 6-month success rate of endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) for a child with hydrocephalus, based on age, etiology of hydrocephalus, and presence of a previous shunt. A high ETVSS predicts a high chance of early ETV success. In this paper, they assess the clinical utility of the ETVSS by determining whether long-term survival outcomes for ETV versus shunt insertion are different within strata of ETVSS (low, moderate, and high scores).

Methods
A multicenter, international cohort of children (≤ 19 years old) with newly diagnosed hydrocephalus treated with either ETV (489 patients) or shunt insertion (720 patients) was analyzed. The ETVSS was calculated for all patients. Survival analyses with time-dependent modeling of the hazard ratios were performed.

Results
For the High-ETVSS Group (255 ETV-treated patients, 117 shunt-treated patients), ETV appeared to have a lower risk of failure right from the early postoperative phase and became more favorable with time. For the Moderate-ETVSS Group (172 ETV-treated patients, 245 shunt-treated patients), ETV appeared to have a higher initial failure rate, but after about 3 months the instantaneous risk of ETV failure became slightly lower than shunt failure (that is, the hazard ratio became < 1). For the Low-ETVSS Group (62 ETV-treated patients, 358 shunt-treated patients), the early risk of ETV failure was much higher than the risk of shunt failure, but the instantaneous risk of ETV failure became lower than the risk of shunt failure at about 6 months following surgery (the hazard ratio became < 1).

Conclusions
Across all ETVSS strata, the risk of ETV failure becomes progressively lower compared with the risk of shunt failure with increasing time from the surgery. In the best ETV candidates (ETVSS ≥ 80), however, the risk of ETV failure is lower than the risk of shunt failure very soon after surgery, while for less-than-ideal ETV candidates (ETVSS ≤ 70), the risk of ETV failure is initially higher than the risk of shunt failure and only becomes lower after 3–6 months from surgery. These results need to be confirmed by larger, prospective, and preferably randomized studies.
Contribution à l'établissement du répertoire théâtral à la cour de Philippe IV et de Charles II
Authors: Subirats R. 
Published: September 2010

L'examen de six dossiers conservés dans les Archives du Palais Royal de Madrid permet de retrouver la trace de huit cent quatre-vingt-quatorze représentations théâtrales données à la cour de Philippe IV et de Charles II et de quelques-unes de leurs circonstances. Il est ainsi possible de reconstituer fragmentairement un répertoire d'œuvres dramatiques interprétées au Palais en privé et en public, et de préciser les dates et les lieux des spectacles, le nom des compagnies qui les présentèrent et le montant de leurs rétributions.
Les résultats de cette étude sont synthétisés en un tableau alphabétique qui complète et prolonge les inventaires antérieurs en apportant des informations nouvelles sur les particulares du dernier tiers du XVIIe siècle.
Le site antique (Ier-IIIe s.) des "Béziaux" à Langeais (Indre-et-Loire) avec la collaboration de Fabrice Couvin pour l'étude du mobilier céramique et de Philippe Blanchard pour l'étude des structures funéraires / The gallo-roman rural settlement (1st-3rd C. A.D.) at "Les Béziaux" in Langeais (Indre-et-Loire)
Authors: Guiot Thibaud , Couvin Fabrice , Blanchard Philippe 
Published: September 2010

The "A.85 (Angers-Tours) " motorway project has brought about the rescue excavation of a
Gallo-roman rural settlement, at "Les Béziaux " in Langeais (Indre-et-Loire). The buildings were established on a headland dominating the Valley of the Loire, along the ancient track from Tours to Angers. A farmyard, some dwellings and farm buildings of a pars rustica, many excavated fittings and infant burials characterise this settlement dating back from the Ist and the IIIrd c. AD. These results gave information about the antique civitas turonum, especially about the settlements that stood along the Roman road after the second half of the Ist c. AD. It's an example of a particular and privileged villa's position: both near the road and protected by the natural rampart of the steep slope.
Le Berry antique - De la carte au modèle-chorème / Ancient berry - From map to chorematic model
Authors: Batardy Christophe 
Published: September 2010

L' Atlas du Berry réalisé à l'aide d'un Système d'Information Géographique (SIG) a posé les bases
d'une analyse géographique de la cité des Bituriges Cubes. La chorématique peut permettre d'aller au-delà.
L’authenticité d’une œuvre d’art. Comparaison franco-anglaise
Authors: Vigneron Sophie 
Published: October 2010

Les concepts d’erreur en droit français et de mistake en droit anglais ont des domaines très différents. Le premier est entendu d’une façon très large pour protéger le consentement des parties. Le second est défini très restrictivement afin de garantir la sécurité contractuelle. La décision Great Peace, rendue par la Court of Appeal en octobre 2002, a renforcé cette différence en supprimant le concept de mistake qui existait en
Equity.
Cette divergence est évidente lorsque l’erreur porte sur l’authenticité d’une oeuvre d’art. Alors que l’inauthenticité permet d’obtenir l’annulation du contrat pour vice du consentement en droit français, il faut se tourner, en droit anglais, vers d’autres mécanismes comme la misrepresentation et l’inexécution pour obtenir un résultat similaire. Cette illustration montre que l’harmonisation européenne doit se faire par la définition de clauses contractuelles communes, comme la Commission européenne l’a envisagé dans son récent Plan d’action et non par catégorie de concepts. Une telle harmonisation permettrait d’encourager la création d’un marché de l’art européen homogène.
Study on the use of ICTs as teaching tools by university instructors
Authors: Guerra-Liaño Sonsoles , González-Fernández Natalia , García-Ruiz Rosa 
Published: September 2010

The learning environment at the university stage which provides the Bologna Declaration has long indicated the need for major changes, among others, in the teaching methodology and teaching resources used by the university teachers. With this work, we aim to demonstrate some of the results achieved from the implementation of a National Research Project that has been carried out by four Spanish Universities. The objectives of the project aim to describe, through an exploratory study, the methodological situation in which our universities are highlighting their strengths and weaknesses based on the premises of the European Higher Education to suggest some strategies in order to facilitate the necessary adaptation. The methodology followed by implementing a questionnaire focused on concrete analysis of the dimension of the Information Technologies and Communication Technologies (ICT) reflects the view of university teachers and through the analysis of results allows confirming the need for adaptation by the universities for the implementation, with guarantees of the mentioned education reform. This article also presents several conclusions and suggestions for educational improvement focused on teaching and methodological training in the use of teaching tools that can promote the suggestions provided by the European Higher Education using ICT, as for example those offered by Web 2.0.
El entorno educativo en la etapa universitaria que establece la declaración de Bolonia indica desde hace tiempo la necesidad de cambios importantes, entre otros, en la metodología docente y en los recursos didácticos empleados por parte del profesorado. Con este trabajo, se pretenden mostrar algunos de los resultados logrados a partir de la ejecución de un Proyecto de Investigación (I+D+i) que se ha llevado a cabo por parte de cuatro Universidades españolas. Entre los objetivos del proyecto, se pretende describir, mediante un estudio exploratorio, la situación en materia metodológica en la que se encuentran nuestras Universidades, resaltando sus puntos fuertes y débiles en base a las premisas del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (EEES), para proponer algunas estrategias que permitan facilitar el ajuste necesario. El proceso metodológico seguido, en el que se recoge la opinión del profesorado universitario mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario, centrado en el análisis concreto de la dimensión Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC), permite, a partir del análisis de los resultados, constatar la necesidad de adaptación por parte de las Universidades para la ejecución, con garantías, de dicha reforma educativa. Asimismo se presentan una serie de conclusiones y propuestas de mejora centradas en la formación metodológica docente y también en la utilización de herramientas didácticas que pueden favorecer las sugerencias establecidas por el EEES utilizando las TIC, como las que ofrece la Web 2.0.
Five-Year Retrospective Study of Inpatient Occupational Therapy Outcomes for Patients With Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Maitra Kinsuk , Hall Carole , Kalish Terri , Anderson Marita , Dugan Erin , Rehak Justine , Rodríguez Verónica , Tamas Jennifer , Zeitlin Deborah 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. This study was a retrospective chart analysis spanning 5 yr that investigated associations between occupational therapy interventions and goal-based positive outcomes in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and related disorders at discharge in an urban inpatient rehabilitation setting.
METHOD. Using descriptive statistics, we examined demographic characteristics in the first analysis phase. In the second phase, we performed a series of correlational analyses to identify treatment variables associated with positive outcomes.
RESULTS. Generally, patients improved in their FIM™ scores at discharge. Increasing occupational therapy intensity had a positive effect on functional performance in all categories except feeding, with significant correlations in upper-extremity dressing (r = .153, p &lt; .05) and memory (r = .204, p &lt; .01).
CONCLUSION. Occupational therapy was associated with positive functional outcomes for patients with MS. Future treatment protocols should include cognitive skills training, community reintegration, and self-care, because these treatments were found to be significantly correlated with positive changes in FIM scores.
Pragmatism and Structuralism in Occupational Therapy: The Long Conversation
Authors: Hooper Barb , Wood Wendy 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
The history of occupational therapy may be understood as a continual transaction between two cultural discourses: pragmatism and structuralism. Pragmatism is a way of thinking that presupposes humans are agentic by nature and knowledge is tentative and created within particular contexts. Structuralism is a way of thinking that assumes humans are composites of recurring general frameworks and that knowledge is objective and can be generalized to multiple contexts. Early in the field’s history, both pragmatist and structuralist assumptions about the human and knowledge produced different readings, or interpretations, of what constituted the appropriate tools, methods, and outcomes for occupational therapy. Consequently, occupational therapy adopted an interesting mix of pragmatist language regarding the human and structuralist approaches to knowledge, resulting in professional identity problems still experienced today. However, recent developments offer an opportunity for occupational therapists to correct old identity problems through critically evaluating incompatible assumptions and carefully reading the prevailing cultural ethos.
Interrater Reliability, Concurrent Validity, Responsiveness, and Predictive Validity of the Melville-Nelson Self-Care Assessment
Authors: Nelson David L. , Melville Lisa Link , Wilkerson Julie D. , Magness Robyne A. , Grech Jennifer L. , Rosenberg Jamie A. 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. This study examines psychometric characteristics of the Melville-Nelson Self-Care Assessment (SCA), which is designed for occupational therapists working in skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) and subacute rehabilitation. Like the federally mandated Minimum Data Set, the SCA assesses seven self-care occupations in two ways: self-performance and support needed.
METHOD. Participants were SNF patients receiving subacute rehabilitation. Primary and secondary diagnoses varied widely; mean age was 76.5 years (SD = 9.8). Using the SCA, the Functional Independence Measure (FIM™), and the Klein-Bell Activities of Daily Living Scale, four teams of raters independently and simultaneously assessed 54 women and 14 men at admission and discharge; 40 participants were available for reassessment in their homes after discharge.
RESULTS. Total self-performance scores on the SCA showed (a) interrater reliability (mean ICC = .94); (b) concurrent validity with relevant areas of the FIM (rho = −.85) and the Klein-Bell (rho = −.86); (c) responsiveness in detecting change from admission to discharge, t(67) = 6.3, p &lt; .001, with a large effect size of 1.10; and (d) moderate predictive validity of caregiving time in the home (rho = −.44) and overall function in the home as measured by the total FIM (rho = −.55) and total Klein–Bell (rho = −.54) scores. The self-performance and support measures for the seven self-care areas all had acceptable interrater reliability and concurrent validity. Eating, personal hygiene, and bathing showed little or no responsiveness to change from admission to discharge, whereas positive change was substantial in bed mobility, transfers, dressing, and toileting.
CONCLUSION. This instrument is recommended for use as part of a comprehensive occupational therapy model of practice in SNFs and subacute rehabilitation.
Powered Mobility and Preschoolers With Complex Developmental Delays
Authors: Deitz Jean , Swinth Yvonne , White Owen 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of a powered mobility riding toy on the participation behaviors of young children with complex developmental delays.
METHOD. A single-subject withdrawal design was used to study the effects of powered mobility on child-initiated movement occurrences, initiation of contact with others, and affect. The participants were two young children with complex developmental delays, including spastic quadriplegia. The intervention consisted of having the children use a powered mobility riding toy in their school settings during gym class and outdoor recess.
RESULTS. Primary findings were that use of the powered mobility riding toy (a) increased the number of self-initiated movement occurrences; (b) appeared to have some effect on initiation of contacts with adults and, for one child, negative adult initiations and positive peer initiations; and (c) did not have a clear impact on the amount of positive affect.
CONCLUSION. For some young children with severe motor impairments and developmental delay, use of a powered mobility device may increase self-initiated movement occurrences during free play.
Representations of Race, Ethnicity, and Social Class in Case Examples in The American Journal of Occupational Therapy
Authors: Cena Lisa , McGruder Juli , Tomlin George 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. This article examines descriptors of race, ethnicity, and social class in case material in 145 articles published in The American Journal of Occupational Therapy from 1975 to 1998.
METHOD. Ethnicity labels and descriptors of occupation or other indicators of social class in case examples describing adults were collected. Frequencies of these labels and descriptors were compared with the population demographics of the 1990 U.S. census using chi-square goodness-of-fit analyses.
RESULTS. Reported indicators of race and social class were inconsistent and primarily absent in the literature, making comparisons with the U.S. population difficult. When missing race labels were assumed to be White, the case material showed disproportionate racial distributions compared with that of the U.S. population, with persons of minority races being significantly underrepresented.
CONCLUSION. The findings suggest that appropriate representation of race and social class in occupational therapy literature has not yet been achieved. The authors suggest a change in documentation conventions for occupational therapy literature and clinical writing.
Cognitive Impairment After Unilateral Hemispheric Injury of Congenital or Adult Origin
Authors: Rogers Sandra L. , Coe Christopher L. , Hartke Kara 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to assess and compare cognitive functioning in adults with unilateral hemispheric injury due to either congenital damage or an ischemic event in young adulthood.
METHOD. Adults with cerebral palsy resulting from left hemispheric brain damage were compared with adults who had a unilateral stroke in either the left or the right hemisphere. Our primary interest was to determine the impact on hemispheric dominance as revealed by dichotic listening, a task that assesses the bias for preferential listening and processing of sounds. Performance also was determined on a language-related task (word finding) and a spatial task (dot localization).
RESULTS. Scores on the Quick Neurological Screening Test indicated that all participants demonstrated significant neuromotor deficits, whereas scores on the Barthel Index indicated that the participants were functional in basic activities of daily living. On cognitive assessments, healthy control participants demonstrated a pronounced left-hemisphere dominance and right-ear advantage; participants with injury to the left hemisphere showed a strong shift toward a right-hemisphere and left-ear dominance. In particular, injury of congenital origin appeared to foster this neural reorganization and localization of language-related functions into the healthy hemisphere. This shift was associated with a deterioration of performance on both the language and the spatial tasks.
CONCLUSION. The importance of appreciating subtle deficits after unilateral injury is important in therapy. The dichotic listening test may provide a simple and useful means for evaluating persistent unilateral brain dysfunction in the clinical setting.
Factors Related to Evidence-Based Practice Among U.S. Occupational Therapy Clinicians
Authors: MacEwan Dysart Amber , Tomlin George S. 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to examine how U.S. occupational therapists access and use clinically relevant research results.
METHOD. During the spring of 2000, 209 clinically practicing occupational therapists who were members of the American Occupational Therapy Association responded to a survey (58% response rate). The distribution of opinions and self-reported behavior was portrayed by descriptive statistics, and chi-square cross-tabulations and Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated between demographic and evidence-based practice variables.
RESULTS. Respondents occasionally accessed research information through a variety of resource media. The majority (57%) implemented between one and five new, research-based treatment plans in the past year. Compared with respondents with less experience, a greater proportion of respondents with 15 or more years of clinical experience did not believe that research conclusions usually translated into treatment plans for individual clients (X2 = 20.620, p &lt; .01). Almost three fifths (59%) of respondents reported that time was provided on the job to attend continuing education; however, 45% strongly disagreed that time was available at work to access research information. Other reported barriers to research utilization included lack of time on the job, high continuing education costs, weak research analysis skills, and placing higher value on clinical experience than on research.
CONCLUSIONS. These findings suggest that therapists are currently engaging in a modest amount of evidence-based practice. Removing the barriers identified in this study may increase research utilization among clinicians.
Multisensory Approach to Handwriting Remediation: Perceptions of School-Based Occupational Therapists
Authors: Woodward Sara , Swinth Yvonne 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to describe the current practices of school-based occupational therapists regarding their use of multisensory modalities and activities in handwriting remediation.
METHOD. A survey was sent to 313 school-based occupational therapist members of the American Occupational Therapy Association who identified themselves as working in a school system as their primary employment setting. Of these, 198 surveys were returned and analyzed descriptively, resulting in a response rate of 63.3%.
RESULTS. More than 130 different multisensory modalities and activities were documented. Twenty-five of these had previously been reported in the literature, the other 114 were documented, by respondents, within the “other” category. Most respondents reported using 5 or more modalities and activities per student, the most frequent being chalk and chalkboard. No consensus among respondents is apparent about the primary sensory systems stimulated by the modalities and activities. No difference in modality and activity use was found on the basis of demographic variables.
CONCLUSION. Overall findings indicate that the breadth of modalities and activities being used is far greater than that currently found in the literature. The results suggest a need for completing studies designed to examine the use and effectiveness of multisensory modalities and activities in handwriting remediation.
Independence as a Practice Issue in Occupational Therapy: The Safety Clause
Authors: Russell Cherry , Fitzgerald Maureen H. , Williamson Peter , Manor Debra , Whybrow Samantha 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
This article reports findings from interviews that explored the meanings occupational therapists attach to independence as a value and a therapeutic goal in interactions with elderly clients. Through a historical review of the literature, we trace the changing use of this term and identify two analytically distinct concepts associated with it: independence as self-reliance in activity and independence as autonomy, self-determination, or choice. We show how the latter has emerged in contemporary service contexts to represent an ideal of client-centered practice for persons with chronic disabilities, such as frail elderly clients. Using a “critical incident” interview approach with 12 Australian occupational therapists, we identified the therapists’ explicit and implicit understandings of independence as a value concept and practice issue. Our findings suggest that a mismatch often exists between idealized and practice-based talk about independence and that therapists narrativize this opposition around what we call “the safety clause.” That is, therapists invoke concerns about safety and duty of care as a caveat to implementing their independence ideals and justifying the retention of professional control. We identify key issues that therapists need to address if the rhetoric of independence-related client-centered practice is to be achieved in reality.