bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deep Learning Diagnostic Classification of Cervical Images to Augment Colposcopic Impression
Authors: Aquilina André , Papagiannakis Emmanouil 
Published: May 2024

Objective
A deep learning classifier that improves the accuracy of colposcopic impression.

Methods
Colposcopy images taken 56 seconds after acetic acid application were processed by a cervix detection algorithm to identify the cervical region. We optimized models based on the SegFormer architecture to classify each cervix as high-grade or negative/low-grade. The data were split into histologically stratified, random training, validation, and test subsets (80%–10%–10%). We replicated a 10-fold experiment to align with a prior study utilizing expert reviewer analysis of the same images. To evaluate the model's robustness across different cameras, we retrained it after dividing the dataset by camera type. Subsequently, we retrained the model on a new, histologically stratified random data split and integrated the results with patients' age and referral data to train a Gradient Boosted Tree model for final classification. Model accuracy was assessed by the receiver operating characteristic area under the curve (AUC), Youden's index (YI), sensitivity, and specificity compared to the histology.

Results
Out of 5,485 colposcopy images, 4,946 with histology and a visible cervix were used. The model's average performance in the 10-fold experiment was AUC = 0.75, YI = 0.37 (sensitivity = 63%, specificity = 74%), outperforming the experts' average YI of 0.16. Transferability across camera types was effective, with AUC = 0.70, YI = 0.33. Integrating image-based predictions with referral data improved outcomes to AUC = 0.81 and YI = 0.46. The use of model predictions alongside the original colposcopic impression boosted overall performance.

Conclusions
Deep learning cervical image classification demonstrated robustness and outperformed experts. Further improved by including additional patient information, it shows potential for clinical utility complementing colposcopy.
Impostor Phenomenon and Impact on Women Surgeons: A Canadian Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: McCall Jennifer , Pudwell Jessica , Pyper Jamie S , Nitsch Romy 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND:
This project aims to characterize the extent and nature of impostor phenomenon (IP) among women surgeons in Canada. IP is well documented among medical professionals and trainees. It is known to have significant impacts on mental health and career trajectory.

STUDY DESIGN:
We conducted a cross-sectional survey of self-identifying women who have completed a surgical residency and currently or most recently practiced in Canada.

RESULTS:
Among 387 respondents, 98.7% have experienced IP. Median IP score corresponded to frequent impostor feelings or high impostorism. Self-doubt affects most women surgeons for the first time during training. It tends to be most intense in the first 5 years of practice and lessens over time. One hundred twelve (31.5%) surgeons experience self-doubt in the operating room (OR). Due to self-doubt, 110 (28.4%) respondents preferred to work with a more experienced assistant in the OR, whereas 40 (10.4%) stated that they would only operate with an experienced assistant. Few surgeons take on less OR time due to self-doubt (29 [7.5%]), but 60 (16.5%) take on fewer complex cases due to self-doubt. A small but important number of surgeons (11 [2.8%]) had given up operating altogether due to self-doubt. Due to feelings of self-doubt, 107 (21.4%) respondents were hesitant to take on a leadership role in the workplace.

CONCLUSIONS:
IP is a nearly universal experience among women surgeons and is influential in their professional lives. This study contributes to scientific knowledge that can advance gender equity in medicine and leadership.
Drifting towards multidimensional collaborative innovation: the co-evolution of collaboration networks and policy in China’s nuclear power industry
Authors: Liu Weiwei , Yao Jingyi , Bi Kexin 
Published: May 2024

Purpose
Nuclear power is a stable and reliable energy source that can improve energy structure while reducing carbon emissions, which is of great significance for environmental protection and combating climate change. As a unique industry, it is facing rare development opportunities in China and has broad market prospects. However, the characteristics of technical difficulty, loose organizational structure and uneven regional distribution limit the expansion of the nuclear power industry. This paper aims to a better understanding of the accumulation process for innovation capability from the perspective of network evolution and provides policy guidance for the market development of the nuclear power industry (NPI).

Design/methodology/approach
Methodologically, social network analysis is used to explore the co-evolution of multidimensional collaboration networks. First, the development and policy evolution of the NPI is introduced to divide the evolution periods. Then, the authors identify and analyze the core organizations, technologies and regions that promote nuclear power patent collaboration. Furthermore, three levels of collaboration networks based on organizations, technologies and regions are constructed to analyze the coevolution of patent networks in China’s NPI.

Findings
The results show that nuclear power enterprises always play the foremost role in the organizational collaboration network (OCN), and the dominance of foreign enterprises is replaced by Chinese state-owned enterprises in the third period. The technology hotspot has shifted from nuclear power plant construction to the control system. The regional collaboration network was initially formed in the coastal areas and gradually moved inland, with Guangdong and Beijing becoming the two cores of the network. The scale of three collaboration networks is still expanding but the speed has slowed down.

Originality/value
In response to the pain points of the NPI, this research focuses on multidimensional collaborative innovation, investigates the dynamic evolution process of collaborative innovation networks in China’s NPI and links policy evolution with network evolution creatively. The ultimate result not only helps nuclear power enterprises integrate innovative resources in complex environments but also promotes industrial upgrading and market development.
Gamifying sustainability with self-efficacy: motivating green behaviours in large industrial firms
Authors: Haque Shamima , Panda Debadrita , Ghosh Arpita 
Published: May 2024

Purpose
This paper aims to capture the challenges faced by large industrial firms in implementing employee green behaviour. It uses the gamification-based Octalysis framework for identifying motivational drives and entwins it to self-efficacy theory seeking to motivate and engage the employees through game techniques.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper uses qualitative approach where semi-structured interviews were conducted through snowball sampling technique with managers in senior positions in power sector holding significant decision-making authority. The interviews were transcribed and were analysed thematically.

Findings
This study offers compelling evidence that industrial firms are grappling to inculcate pro-environmental behaviour largely losing on incentivising motivation. Gamification can provide an enjoyable framework balancing intrinsic and extrinsic motivational drives.

Practical implications
This study offers a framework applicable to organisations across sectors, addressing challenges in implementing green behaviour by leveraging four phases of game mechanics. It tackles issues related to motivation and demand for incentives by striking a balance between intrinsic and extrinsic motivations.

Originality/value
This research stands out by incorporating game mechanics, specifically designed through Octalysis, to boost self-efficacy and encourage green behaviour among employees. Furthermore, it is in harmony with Sustainable Development Goals and circular principles.
The impact of institutional environment on auditor reporting: evidence from China's anti-corruption campaign
Authors: Liu Guoping , Sun Jerry 
Published: May 2024

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine whether the institutional environment influences auditor reporting.Design/methodology/approachThis study employs China's anti-corruption campaign as an exogenous shock to its institutional environment and compares auditors' issuance of modified audit opinions (MAOs) to small-profit clients before and during the campaign.FindingsThis study documents that small-profit clients were more likely to receive MAOs during the anti-corruption campaign period than before, indicating that auditors issued more conservative audit opinions to small-profit clients because of the anti-corruption campaign. Additionally, this study finds that increased auditor conservatism was more pronounced for auditors of large clients.Practical implicationsThis study suggests that a weak institutional environment adversely affects auditor conservatism. This offers valuable insights for governments and regulators to improve the audit environment and for audit firms to enhance auditors' integrity and independence.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the research on institutional environments and auditing by observing a unique exogenous event.
Factors influencing correction upon exposure to health misinformation on social media: the moderating role of active social media use
Authors: Sun Mingfei , Dong Xu 
Published: May 2024

PurposeThe proliferation of health misinformation on social media has increasingly engaged scholarly interest. This research examines the determinants influencing users’ proactive correction of health misinformation, a crucial strategy in combatting health misbeliefs. Grounded in the elaboration likelihood model (ELM), this research investigates how factors including issue involvement, information literacy and active social media use impact health misinformation recognition and intention to correct it.Design/methodology/approachA total of 413 social media users finished a national online questionnaire. SPSS 26.0, AMOS 21.0 and PROCESS Macro 4.1 were used to address the research hypotheses and questions.FindingsResults indicated that issue involvement and information literacy both contribute to health misinformation correction intention (HMCI), while misinformation recognition acts as a mediator between information literacy and HMCI. Moreover, active social media use moderated the influence of information literacy on HMCI.Originality/valueThis study not only extends the ELM into the research domain of correcting health misinformation on social media but also enriches the perspective of individual fact-checking intention research by incorporating dimensions of users’ motivation, capability and behavioral patterns.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/OIR-09-2023-0505
Learning and development in highly dynamic VUCA contexts: a new framework for the L&D function
Authors: Garavan Thomas N. , Darcy Colette , Bierema Laura Lee 
Published: May 2024

PurposeThis article introduces the special issue of Learning and Development in Highly-Dynamic VUCA Contexts. The issue reviews the concept of VUCA (volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity), highlights its implications for the learning and development function and argues that learning and development play a critical role in helping organisations, people and the societal context in which they operate to work within and navigate VUCA contexts.Design/methodology/approachThe contributions to this special issue propose a novel learning and development framework that will inform L&D as the provision of training, learning and development activities in organisations within highly dynamic VUCA contexts and ensuring a strong external focus including organisational, people, community, economic and societal sustainability.FindingsWe, the authors, propose seven features of a strategic sustainability L&D function and L&D professional role that are a fit with highly dynamic VUCA contexts.Practical implicationsThe proposed framework has important implications for the way in which L&D is structured, its key priorities and plans and the competencies of L&D professionals to add value to all stakeholders. We also emphasise that the work on the L&D function in highly dynamic VUCA contexts needs to be broader and move beyond a performance orientation.Originality/valueThe proposed strategic sustainability role for the L&D function expands theoretically our understanding of how L&D can have impacts at the nexus of the organisation and highly dynamic VUCA contexts, in addition to broadening the constellation of stakeholders that it potentially enhances.
Industrial structure optimization and green growth in China based on a population heterogeneity perspective
Authors: Li Tingting , Dou Wei , Han Jing , Zhang Wenqing 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPopulation and industrial structure, as foundational characteristics of economic and social systems, exhibit significant spatial heterogeneity and dynamic evolutionary trends in their impact on sustainable economic and social development. However, existing research often employs subjective spatial categorization of samples and overlooks the dynamic transitions of influencing patterns, potentially leading to biases in empirical results. To address this, the current study, based on the calculation of green total factor productivity (GTFP) for 30 provinces in China from 2000 to 2018, incorporates a finite mixture model. This model examines the objective heterogeneity and dynamic transition patterns of industrial structure's impact on GTFP, both from the perspectives of industrial structure advancement (ISA) and rationalization (ISR), and reveals the mechanisms of heterogeneity and dynamic changes from a population standpoint. The findings indicate that there are three patterns in the impact of industrial structure on GTFP, with nearly half of the provinces undergoing pattern transitions during the observation period. The key factors for these transitions are identified as the improvement in human capital levels and urbanization rates. In provinces like Beijing, Guangdong, and Shanghai, ISA and ISR significantly promote GTFP, with their effects further enhanced by increased urbanization and human capital levels. Conversely, in regions such as Shanxi and Hebei, ISA does not favor GTFP improvement, and while ISR can enhance GTFP, this positive effect diminishes with increasing urbanization and labor force numbers. This research not only enriches the literature on the positive interaction patterns between industrial and population structures but also provides a comprehensive analytical framework for governments to adopt differentiated policy measures for sustainable economic development.
Nucleus accumbens neuronal ensembles vary with cocaine reinforcement in male and female rats
Authors: Sortman Bo W. , Rakela Samantha , Paprotna Sarah , Cerci Berk , Warren Brandon L. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractNeuronal ensembles in the medial prefrontal cortex mediate cocaine self‐administration via projections to the nucleus accumbens. We have recently shown that neuronal ensembles in the prelimbic cortex form rapidly to mediate cocaine self‐administration. However, the role of neuronal ensembles within the nucleus accumbens in initial cocaine‐seeking behaviour remains unknown. Here, we sought to expand the current literature by testing the necessity of the cocaine self‐administration ensemble in the nucleus accumbens core (NAcCore) 1 day after male and female rats acquire cocaine self‐administration by using the Daun02 inactivation procedure. We found that disrupting the NAcCore ensembles after a no‐cocaine reward‐seeking test increased subsequent cocaine seeking, while disrupting NAcCore ensembles following a cocaine self‐administration session decreased subsequent cocaine seeking. We then characterized neuronal cell type in the NAcCore using RNAscope in situ hybridization. In the no‐cocaine session, we saw reduced dopamine D1 type neuronal activation, while in the cocaine self‐administration session, we found preferential dopamine D1 type neuronal activity in the NAcCore.
Time spent on social media and depressive symptoms in university students: The mediating role of psychoactive substances
Authors: Sirtoli Rafaela , Fernández‐Rodríguez Rubén , Balboa‐Castillo Teresa , Rodrigues Renne , Garrido‐Miguel Miriam , Eumann Mesas Arthur , Morales Gladys , Molino Guidoni Camilo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesAlthough some studies have related social media use and depressive symptoms, little is known about the role of psychoactive substance use in this relationship. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the association between time spent on social media (TSSM) and depressive symptoms and to examine whether this relationship is mediated by psychoactive substances in students.MethodsOur cross‐sectional analysis included a sample of students from a university in a large city in southern Brazil. The TSSM and tobacco frequency of consumption were self‐reported. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire. Alcohol and illicit drug‐related risks were assessed with the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test. Hayes's PROCESS macro was used for mediation analyses, adjusted for age, sex, body mass index and physical activity.ResultsA total of 3161 students were included, of which, 69.0% reported moderate to severe depressive symptoms. The association between TSSM and depressive symptoms was statistically significant and partially mediated by tobacco consumption (indirect effect [IE] = 0.05; 95% CI: 0.02–0.08), alcohol‐related risk (IE = 0.19; 95% CI: 0.14–0.25), and illicit drug‐related risk (IE = 0.08; 95% CI: 0.05–0.12).Conclusion and Scientific SignificanceOur data suggest a direct relationship between TSSM and depressive symptoms, with a partial mediation effect of psychoactive substance use. This study highlights the importance that public health initiatives aimed at preventing depressive problems in young adults should focus not only on TSSM, but also on controlling and reducing psychoactive substance use.
Who's to blame for the crisis of the healthcare system?
Authors: Jacques Olivier , Perrot Marion 
Published: May 2024

AbstractUsing an original survey, we probe Canadians' evaluation of the performance of their healthcare system and their attribution of the blame for the system's problems. We show that more vulnerable and left‐wing respondents are more likely to believe that the system is in crisis. In turn, respondents having negative performance evaluations are more likely to blame poor provincial organization rather than insufficient federal funding. Perceiving that the system is in crisis and that poor organization is the main problem are associated with support for the imposition of national standards by the federal government as a condition for additional healthcare transfers.
Clinical trial evaluating apomorphine oromucosal solution in Parkinson's disease patients
Authors: Thijssen Eva , Tuk Bert , Cakici Michel , van Velze Veerle , Klaassen Erica , Merkus Frans , van Laar Teus , Kremer Philip , Groeneveld Geert Jan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractApomorphine, used to treat OFF episodes in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), is typically administered via subcutaneous injections. Administration of an oromucosal solution could offer a non‐invasive and user‐friendly alternative. This two‐part clinical study evaluated the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK), and dose proportionality of a novel apomorphine hydrochloride oromucosal solution, as well as its relative bioavailability to subcutaneous apomorphine injection and apomorphine sublingual film. In part A of the study, 12 patients with PD received 2 mg oromucosal apomorphine (4% weight/volume) and 2 mg subcutaneous apomorphine in a randomized order, followed by 4 and 8 mg oromucosal apomorphine. In part B of the study, 13 patients with PD received 7 mg oromucosal apomorphine (7% weight/volume) and 30 mg sublingual apomorphine in a randomized order, followed by 14 mg oromucosal apomorphine. Washout between dose administrations in both study parts was at least 2 days. Safety, tolerability, and PK were assessed pre‐ and post‐dose. Both study parts showed that oromucosal apomorphine was generally well‐tolerated. Observed side effects were typical for apomorphine administration and included asymptomatic orthostatic hypotension, yawning, fatigue, and somnolence. Oromucosal apomorphine exposure increased with dose, although less than dose proportional. The mean (SD) maximum exposure reached with 14 mg oromucosal apomorphine was 753.0 (298.6) ng*min/mL (area under the plasma concentration–time curve from zero to infinity) and 8.0 (3.3) ng/mL (maximum plasma concentration). This was comparable to exposure reached after 2 mg subcutaneous apomorphine and approximately half of the exposure observed with 30 mg sublingual apomorphine. In summary, clinically relevant plasma concentrations could be reached in PD patients without tolerability issues.
Adenocarcinoma of anogenital mammary gland type arising from encapsulated papillary carcinoma: A rare vulvar tumor mimicking breast carcinoma
Authors: Tang Haiming , Laskin William B. , Luan Yi , McNiff Jennifer M. , Zhan Haiying 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAnogenital mammary‐like glands are normal structures of the anogenital region. Tumors originating from these glands often exhibit a striking resemblance to their mammary gland counterparts. Herein, we present a rare case of adenocarcinoma of mammary gland type in the vulva of a 69‐year‐old female. Histopathologic examination revealed a complex lesion, which included a large encapsulated papillary carcinoma (EPC) with associated invasive carcinoma of mammary gland type and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). The invasive component consisted mostly of invasive ductal carcinoma of no special type, with a notable focus of invasive mucinous carcinoma. p40 immunostain demonstrated a lack of myoepithelial cells in both the EPC and invasive carcinoma, but such cells expressed p40 around the ducts involved by DCIS. The main component of this lesion, EPC, was characterized by a papillary proliferation within a cystic space surrounded by a fibrous capsule without a myoepithelial layer. The histopathologic features of anogenital EPC closely resemble cutaneous hidradenoma papilliferum. Indeed, there have been a few reports in the literature describing cases where in situ and invasive carcinoma arose from a preexisting hidradenoma papilliferum. As tumors of anogenital mammary‐like glands bear a closer resemblance to breast lesions than to skin tumors, we recommend that they be aligned with the classification of well‐established breast lesions rather than cutaneous adnexal tumors.