bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilization of lipid‐laden macrophage index in evaluation of aerodigestive disorders
Authors: Reilly Brian K. , Katz Eliot S. , Misono Alexander S. , Khatwa Umakanth , Didas Amanda , Huang Lin , Haver Kenan , Rahbar Reza 
Published: April 2011

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:The utility of the lipid‐laden macrophage index (LLMI) in the evaluation of airway inflammatory processes remains controversial. There is a paucity of normative data in both pediatric and adult populations, and there is wide variability in the reported cases. The goal of this project was to review the LLMI levels in a large series of patients with a wide range of well‐documented pulmonary and airway diseases (cystic fibrosis, aspiration, tracheo/bronchomalacia, recurrent pneumonia, asthma, immunosuppressed conditions, and laryngeal clefts) to develop a better understanding of the clinical utility of the LLMI.Study Design:This study is a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent initial bronchoscopy with broncheoalveolar lavage (BAL) and had specimens sent for determination of LLMI. This study was performed at a major pediatric tertiary care medical center from April 12, 2006 to July 13, 2009.Methods:Medical charts were reviewed for major diagnoses, indications for bronchoscopy, the side of lung (right versus left), documented aspiration, suspected aspiration, neutrophil counts, and patient age. These qualitative and quantitative variables were considered in relation to the LLMI.Results:The cohort of patients examined were 4.9 ± 4.3 years (4 days to 18 years of age). Forty‐two percent were female and 58% were male. The highest median LLMI was in immunocompromised patients with a median of 78. Recurrent pneumonia, aspiration, tracheo/bronchomalacia, and cystic fibrosis had median LLMI levels of 55, 49, 40, and 50, respectively. There was a wide range of LLMI within each primary diagnosis. There was no significant correlation between neutrophils percentage in the BAL and LLMI. There were no significant differences between BAL specimens obtained from the right or left side.Conclusions:To our knowledge, this is the largest series of patients reported in the literature to have an LLMI compared with underlying diagnoses. Based on our data and analyses, there is wide variability between the range of LLMI and the primary diagnosis. As such, the diagnostic utility of the LLMI is limited and should be interpreted with caution.
Arytenoid rotation and nerve‐muscle pedicle transfer in paralytic dysphonia
Authors: Hassan Megahed M. , Yumoto Eiji , Ali Baraka M. , Sanuki Tetsuji , Kodama Narihiro 
Published: April 2011

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Our objective was to evaluate the efficacy of modified nerve‐muscle pedicle (NMP) flap transfer combined with arytenoid adduction (AA) (AA + modified NMP) for treatment of unilateral vocal fold paralysis. The patterns of voice outcome assessed using phonatory function tests and auditory perceptual judgments were followed‐up for 2 years.Study Design:Prospective study.Methods:Thirteen subjects among those presented with paralytic dysphonia between March 2002 and December 2008 were treated with AA + modified NMP. The voice outcomes (six objective and two subjective voice parameters) were evaluated preoperatively and in four different time points postoperatively over 2‐years duration.Results:All voice parameters showed initial postoperative improvement. Moreover, five parameters showed significant continuous improvement over the 2‐year follow‐up (maximum phonation time, pitch range, shimmer, and grade overall and breathiness of the grade‐roughness‐breathiness‐asthenia‐strain scale (GRBAS), whereas two parameters revealed continuous improvement over the first 12 to 14 months after surgery (mean flow rate and harmonics‐to‐noise ratio).Conclusions:AA + modified NMP improves both short‐ and long‐term voice outcomes in unilateral vocal fold paralysis patients. Therefore, AA + modified NMP is an effective surgical combination for the treatment of severe paralytic dysphonia.
XRCC1 and hOGG1 genes and risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in North African countries
Authors: Laantri Nadia , Jalbout Majida , Khyatti Meriem , Ayoub Wided Ben , Dahmoul Sami , Ayad Messaoud , Bedadra Wided , Abdoun Meriem , Mesli Sarah , Kandil Mostafa , Hamdi‐Cherif Mokhtar , Boualga Kada , Bouaouina Noureddine , Chouchane Lotfi , Benider Abdellatif , Ben‐Ayed Farhat , Goldgar David , Corbex Marilys 
Published: April 2011

AbstractAlthough genetic susceptibility to nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has been recognized for a long time, little is known about the responsible genes. X‐Ray repair cross‐complementing protein 1 (XRCC1) and human 8‐oxo‐guanine glycosylase 1 (hOGG1) genes are involved in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) repair and were found associated with NPC risk in three Asian case–control studies. The objective of the present study was to test these genes in a sample from North Africa, one of the major NPC endemic regions in the world. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the XRCC1 gene and one SNP in the hOGG1 gene were genotyped in 598 NPC cases from Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia and 545 controls frequency matched by recruitment center, age, sex, and urban/rural household. The genotype and allelic distributions for the hOGG1 326Ser/Cys SNP and for the XRCC1 399Arg/Trp, 280Arg/His, and 194Arg/Trp SNPs did not differ significantly among NPC cases and controls. The XRCC1 194Trp allele frequency was significantly lower in the North African population than in Asian population (f = 0.04 vs. 0.31 in Cantonese Chinese and 0.21 Han Chinese). The hOGG1 326Ser allele frequency was significantly higher in the North African population (f = 0.73) than in Asian populations (f = 0.39 in Taiwanese). The results of the present study obtained from a large sample indicate that the XRCC1 and hOGG1 genes are unlikely to play a role in the susceptibility to NPC in North Africans. Our results do not corroborate those found in Asian population on smaller samples. Mol. Carcinog. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The sensory–motor bridge neurorraphy: An anatomic study of feasibility between sensory branch of the musculocutaneous nerve and deep branch of the radial nerve
Authors: Goubier Jean‐Noel , Teboul FréDéRIC 
Published: April 2011

AbstractIntroduction: Restoring elbow flexion remains the first step in the management of total palsy of the brachial plexus. Non avulsed upper roots may be grafted on the musculocutaneous nerve. When this nerve is entirely grafted, some motor fibres regenerate within the sensory fibres quota. Aiming potential utilization of these lost motor fibres, we attempted suturing the sensory branch of the musculocutaneous nerve onto the deep branch of the radial nerve. The objective of our study was to assess the anatomic feasibility of such direct suturing of the terminal sensory branch of the musculocutaneous nerve onto the deep branch of the radial nerve. Methods: The study was carried out with 10 upper limbs from fresh cadavers. The sensory branch of the musculocutaneous muscle was dissected right to its division. The motor branch of the radial nerve was identified and dissected as proximally as possible into the radial nerve. Then, the distance separating the two nerves was measured so as to assess whether direct neurorraphy of the two branches was feasible. Results: The excessive distance between the two branches averaged 6 mm (1–13 mm). Thus, direct neurorraphy of the sensory branch of the musculocutaneous nerve and the deep branch of the radial nerve was possible. Conclusions: When the whole musculocutaneous nerve is grafted, some of its motor fibres are lost amongst the sensory fibres (cutaneous lateral antebrachial nerve). By suturing this sensory branch onto the deep branch of the radial nerve, “lost” fibres may be retrieved, resulting in restoration of digital extension. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2011.
A small‐size pentaband hand‐shaped coplanar waveguide‐fed monopole antenna
Authors: Mallahzadeh Alireza , Foudazi Ali , Ali Nezhad Sajad Mohammad 
Published: April 2011

AbstractA novel small‐size simple structure pentaband coplanar waveguide (CPW) fed monopole antenna is presented. The antenna configuration is composed of several narrow strips that are connected to a 50‐ohm CPW feed line. The length of each strip, which acting as resonance path, is λg/4 at operating frequencies. The antenna is designed to operate over the worldwide interoperability for microwave access and wireless local area networks frequency bands of 2.4, 3.3, 3.7, 5.2, and 5.8 GHz. It was found that the results of simulation and measurement agree well over each separated frequency bands. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26025
New dual‐band bandpass filter with resistance load
Authors: Wang Xiao‐Hua , Xue Quan , Man Kim Fung 
Published: April 2011

AbstractA new dual‐band bandpass filter featuring flexible frequency choice is proposed.It consists of two resonators out of the two sides of the signal line with different sizes forming two passbands with desired frequency responses and bandwidths. For the resonator forming the lower passband, a shunt resistor is added at the center to make the even mode responses disappear. A wide stopband is obtained between the fundamental and higher odd mode response. So when a smaller resonator is put in the other side of signal line to produce the upper passband, a flexible frequency ratio of two passband can be gotten. The proposed filter is fabricated and measured. Good agreements are obtained between the simulations and measurements. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26030
Simple method to design a tri‐band bandpass filter using asymmetric SIRs for GSM, WIMAX, and WLAN applications
Authors: Chen Wei‐Yu , Su Yi‐Hsin , Kuan Hon , Chang Shoou‐Jinn 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThis paper presents a simple method to design a tri‐band bandpass filter (BPF) using asymmetric stepped‐impedance resonators (SIRs) with one‐step discontinuity.Only two SIRs are needed in the filter structure. The tri‐band passband responses can be achieved by properly selecting the length ratio (u) and the impedance ratio (R) of the asymmetric SIRs. The performances can be further well tuned by the lengths of two enhanced coupling structure and gap of two asymmetric SIRs. A filter example for the applications of GSM at 1.8 GHz, WiMAX at 3.5 GHz and WLAN at 5.2 GHz was designed and fabricated. The measured results are in good agreement with the full‐wave simulation results. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26037
Compact dual‐band‐notched CPW‐fed wide‐slot antenna for WLAN and WiMAX applications
Authors: Lin Ding‐Bing , Tang I‐Tseng , Wei Yu‐Jiau 
Published: April 2011

AbstractA simple and a compact dual‐band‐notched CPW‐fed wide‐slot antenna, which has a small size of 20 × 25 mm2 is presented for simultaneously satisfying wireless local area network (WLAN) and worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) applications. By introducing the dual‐band‐notched mechanism to the wide‐slot antenna, the required impedance bandwidth is achieved over the frequency range from 2.15 to 6.5 GHz (S11 < −10 dB) with dual‐band‐notched bands from 2.69 to 3.4 GHz and from 4.32 to 4.98 GHz, covering all the 2.4/5.2/5.8‐GHz WLAN bands and 2.5/3.5/5.5‐GHz WiMAX bands. The dual reverse split rectangular slits are employed effectively for notching unwanted frequency bands, since it can be implemented with a small dimension and in a high Q operation similarly to the conventional strip‐type dual reverse split ring resonator (SRR). Based on the simulated and measured results, a dual‐band‐notched WLAN/WiMAX wide‐slot antenna using dual reverse split rectangular slits is very effective in rejecting unwanted frequency in terms of its selectivity. This proposed antenna with dual‐band‐notched, broadband matched impedance, stable radiation patterns, good antenna gains and compact size can be suitable for communication products of WLAN/WiMAX applications. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26042
Effects of the number of superposition plane waves on the field uniformity in reverberation chamber
Authors: Huang Hua , Niu Zhongqi , Bai Bing 
Published: April 2011

AbstractUsually the simulation of a reverberation chamber involves the entire volume of the chamber, the antennas, and the stirrers, which cost huge computer time and memory.Superposition of plane waves are employed to make the computation time only related to device under test. Theoretically speaking, with sufficient positions of the stirrers, the greater number of plane waves in the superposition, the better field uniformity it will get, but it demands more computer memory and time with the increasing number. It is essential to know what number is appropriate in order to minimize memory requirements and ensure a fast solution. This article considers the number of plane waves required to achieve a given field uniformity. Field uniformity of reverberation chamber would be reported with standard deviation. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26052
High sensitive extrinsic fabry‐perot interferometric sensor system with low cost
Authors: Wang Gao 
Published: April 2011

AbstractA high‐sensitive fiber optic strain sensor system with low cost is demonstrated.The strain sensor is a microlens based high finesse Fabry‐Perot interferometer, and a low‐cost wavelength division coupler is used as a wavelength discriminator. A minor fluctuation of strain is changed to a power change at the output. Static strain and dynamic strain are successfully measured using the system. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26057
Wideband performance of 3 dB microstrip‐slot coupler using different substrates
Authors: Bialkowski Marek E. , Ibrahim Siti Zuraidah , Abbosh Amin M. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThis article presents the design of an elliptically shaped microstrip‐slot coupler using different thickness and permittivity substrates that is aimed for operation in 3.0–11.0 GHz band. CST Microwave Studio simulator is applied to its design and performance assessment. Design with the best performance is fabricated to validate the investigation. It is shown that the wideband operation of this type of coupler is predominantly dependent on the substrate's thickness and to a lesser degree on the substrate's permittivity. The degradation in performance is observed for an increased substrate thickness and is explained by the presence of a higher order mode. When the substrate thickness is fixed to a small value and the cutoff frequency of the higher mode is outside the investigated band, there is an optimal permittivity, which offers the best coupler's performance in terms of coupling coefficient, return loss, isolation, and phase difference between the two output ports. In the present investigation, it is found that the best operation is obtained when the substrate's relative permittivity is 4.5 and the substrate thickness of 0.508 mm. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26082
Investigation of the on‐chip MISM interconnects with the alternating‐direction‐implicit finite‐difference time‐domain method
Authors: Yang Bo , Shao Xi , Goldsman Neil , Ramahi Omar M. , Guzdar Parvez N. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe alternating‐direction‐implicit finite‐difference time‐domain method is used to analyze the Metal‐Insulator‐ Semiconductor‐Metal interconnects by solving Maxwell's equations in the time domain. The dielectric quasi‐TEM mode, the slow wave mode, and the skin‐effect mode are all analyzed. This analysis shows that the silicon substrate losses and the metal line losses can be modeled with high resolution. The analysis provides attenuation and phase constant values versus semiconductor doping and frequency. We find that semiconductors readily operate in the slow wave mode and skin effect mode for selected doping densities. Accurate prediction of interconnect losses is critical to high‐frequency design with highly constrained timing requirements. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26085
Matching preclusion and conditional matching preclusion for bipartite interconnection networks I: Sufficient conditions
Authors: Cheng Eddie , Hu Philip , Jia Roger , Lipták László 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe matching preclusion number of a graph is the minimum number of edges whose deletion results in a graph that has neither perfect matchings nor almost‐perfect matchings. For many interconnection networks, the optimal sets are precisely those induced by a single vertex. Recently, the conditional matching preclusion number of a graph was introduced to look for obstruction sets beyond those induced by a single vertex. This number is defined to be the minimum number of edges whose deletion results in a graph with no isolated vertices that has neither perfect matchings nor almost‐perfect matchings. In this article, we prove general results regarding the matching preclusion number and the conditional matching preclusion number as well as the classification of their respective optimal sets for bipartite graphs. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, 2011
Flexible incomplete Cholesky factorization with multi‐parameters to control the number of nonzero elements in preconditioners
Authors: Zhang Yong , Huang Ting‐Zhu , Jing Yan‐Fei , Li Liang 
Published: April 2011

SUMMARYAn incomplete Cholesky (IC) factorization with multi‐parameters is presented. The marked virtue of the proposed IC factorization algorithm is to dynamically control the number of nonzero elements in each column of the IC factorization preconditioner L with the help of these involved parameters. Parameter setting strategies are also given. Numerical results show that the total computing time for both computation of the preconditioner L and iterative solution is evidently reduced for almost all test matrices. In general, these parameters can obviously enhance the effectiveness and performance of the IC factorization. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mechanical and electrical analysis of carbon black networking in elastomers under strain
Authors: Stübler N. , Fritzsche J. , Klüppel M. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe influence of quasi‐static straining and relaxation at fixed strain on carbon black networking in elastomers is investigated by simultaneous stress and piezo‐resistivity measurements. The mechanical and the electrical response are analyzed in the framework of the dynamic flocculation model considering the cyclic breakdown and re‐aggregation of filler–filler bonds. In this model, the mechanical hysteresis is related to the stress contribution of stretched filler clusters, which is positive in the up‐cycle, but negative in the down‐cycle because of stretching of clusters in lateral direction. The analysis is supported by dielectric relaxation spectroscopy delivering information about the morphology of the filler network and the gap distance between adjacent filler particles, i.e., the length of filler–filler bond. This is shown to be relevant for a qualitative understanding of piezo‐resistivity and mechanical relaxation behavior of the investigated rubbers. During the relaxation phase at fixed strain, the mechanical stress decreases during the up‐cycle and increases during the down‐cycle, which in both cases results from the relaxation of cluster stress leading to a homogenization of the stress field. The decrease of the resistivity in the relaxation phase independent of cycle direction is shown to be related to a retarded re‐aggregation of filler–filler bonds in compression directions. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers
Internal cooling in rotational molding—A review
Authors: Tan S.B. , Hornsby P.R. , McAfee M.B. , Kearns M.P. , McCourt M.P. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractRotational molding suffers from a relatively long cycle time, which hampers more widespread growth of the process. During each cycle, both the polymer and mold must be heated from room temperature to above polymer melting temperature and subsequently cooled to room temperature. The cooling time in this process is relatively long due to the poor thermal conductivity of plastics. Although rapid external cooling is possible, internal cooling rates are the major limitation. This causes the process to be uneconomical for large production runs of small parts. Various researchers have strived to minimize cycle times by applying various internal cooling procedures. This article presents a review of these methods, including computer simulations and practical investigations published to date. The effects of cooling rate on the morphology, shrinkage, warpage, and impact properties of rotationally molded polyolefins are also highlighted. In general, rapid and symmetrical cooling across the mold results in smaller spherulite size, increased mechanical properties and less potential warpage or distortion in moldings. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. ©2011 Society of Plastics Engineers.
A novel hybrid catalyst system and its effects on the curing, thermal, and dielectric properties of cyanate ester
Authors: Dai Shankai , Zhuo Dongxian , Gu Aijuan , Liang Guozheng , Yuan Li 
Published: April 2011

AbstractHigh curing temperature is the key disadvantage of cyanate esters. A novel catalyst system was developed, which is a hybrid catalyst system (HC) consisting of UV activated tricarbonyl cyclopentadienyl manganese (Catalyst I) and Catalyst II derived from dibutyl tin dilaurate. The effect of HC on the reactivity of 2, 2′‐bis(4‐cyanatophenyl) isopropylidene (BADCy) monomer, and that on the dielectric and thermal properties of cured resin were investigated. Results show that HC displays an attractive synergy effect on catalyzing BADCy over its two components. Compared with the curing exothermic peak of BADCy, that of BADCy/HC system appears at significantly lower temperature (which is at least 120°C lower than the former). In addition, cured BADCy/HC resin also exhibits interesting synergy effect in integrated performance, that is, it has much better thermal resistance and dielectric properties than cured BADCy, BADCy/Catalyst I, and BADCy/Catalyst II resins. The BADCy/HC resin can be used as high performance matrices for advanced composites and adhesives. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers
Study on modified graphene/butyl rubber nanocomposites. I. Preparation and characterization
Authors: Lian Huiqin , Li Shuxin , Liu Kelong , Xu Liangrui , Wang Kuisheng , Guo Wenli 
Published: April 2011

AbstractButyl rubber, IIR nanocomposites based on modified graphene sheets, were fabricated by solution processing followed by compression molding. MG was prepared from natural graphite, NG through graphite oxide route. X‐ray diffraction showed that the exfoliated MG was homogeneously dispersed in the IIR matrix with doping levels of 1‐10 wt% as evidenced by the lack of the characteristic graphite reflection in the composites. In contrast, the graphite retained its stacking order and showed the sharp characteristic peak in the NG‐IIR composites. Scanning electron microscope images of the fracture surfaces of the IIR matrix showed that MG nanofillers exhibited better compatibility than NG did. The mechanical properties of the MG‐IIR nanocomposites were significantly improved due to the efficient distribution of the large surface area MG sheet. The tensile modulus of nanocomposite with doping level of MG 10 wt% was 16 times that of the pure IIR. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers