bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Caracterización morfoagronómica in situ de cacao nativo (Theobroma cacao L.) ee Puerto Asís, Putumayo, Colombia
Authors: Apraez Muñoz José Julián , Burgos Jimenez Gabriel , Burbano Ijaji Emel John 
Published: February 2025

Contextualización: El proyecto se llevó a cabo en el municipio de Puerto Asís, Departamento del Putumayo, enfocado en la caracterización fenotípica de caracteres morfo-agronómicos del Theobroma cacao. Este estudio es relevante debido a la ausencia de bancos de germoplasma y programas de fitomejoramiento en esta zona de la Amazonía colombiana. Las plantas evaluadas llevan más de 15 años establecidas, lo que permitió analizar su aclimatación a las condiciones locales.
Vacío de conocimiento: La región carece de bancos de germoplasma y programas de fitomejoramiento que permitan mejorar la productividad y conservación de los cultivares nativos de cacao, lo que limita el aprovechamiento de su potencial económico y la sostenibilidad de su uso.
Objetivos: El objetivo principal fue caracterizar fenotípicamente los cultivares nativos de cacao en Puerto Asís para crear una base de datos que sirva como fundamento para el establecimiento de un banco de germoplasma y el desarrollo de estrategias de conservación y fitomejoramiento, impulsando así el desarrollo económico de la región.
Metodología: Se evaluaron 48 variables divididas en cuatro estratos: hojas, flores, semillas y frutos, utilizando descriptores binomiales, multi-estado y cuantitativos como unidades básicas de caracterización. Para el análisis, se emplearon técnicas de clúster o conglomerados que permitieron identificar similitudes y diferencias entre los cultivares evaluados.
Resultados y conclusiones: El análisis reveló diferencias significativas entre los estratos y cultivares, identificando cultivares sobresalientes en términos de rendimiento y características fisiológicas. Se destacaron los cultivares 25, 26, 3, 14 y 13 en rendimiento, y las plantas 36, 31 y 18 en aspectos fisiológicos. Este estudio constituye el primer esfuerzo de caracterización de la agrobiodiversidad del cacao nativo en la región amazónica de Colombia, sentando las bases para programas de fitomejoramiento y conservación.
Only Another Adjective, or Finally a New Functional Post-Ideological Subtype? A Conceptual Analysis of Valence Populism
Authors: Michal Aleš 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper explores the impact of the increasing focus on subtypes of populism on contemporary discussions within the field of political science. In an effort to provide more precise descriptions of emerging political tendencies, scholars have responded by introducing new and other types of ‘populism with adjectives’. Among these original conceptualisations remains a valance populism that fuses the appeals of populism and technocracy, and strategic positionality on the political spectrum. The paper begins by elucidating the development of valence populism’s conceptualisation and presents an analysis drawing from Sartori’s methodologies for conceptual innovation. Subsequently, the study assesses the qualities of the valence populism concept. The paper finds that, while valence populism stands as a promising and innovative concept with positive intrinsic attributes, it operates in the field of concurrent concepts with no significant troubles. We identify essential issues related to resonance and the need for clear differentiation from other concepts, which warrant careful consideration in future studies.
Rancang Bangun Purwarupa Alat Penghitung Uang Logam Otomatis Dengan Sensor Multi Coin Acceptor Berbasis IoT
Authors: Stiyawan Riki , Pramana Rimba Nur Ramadhani , Wiguna I Gede Nova , Jasa Lie , Nugraha I Putu Elba Duta , Rahardjo Pratolo 
Published: February 2025

Uang adalah suatu benda yang dapat ditukarkan dengan barang lain, sebagai alat penilaian nilai barang dan dapat disimpan. Ada dua bentuk fisik uang yang masih umum digunakan saat ini, salah satunya adalah uang logam. Menghitung uang logam secara manual juga rawan terhadap kesalahan manusia dan dalam waktu yang lama apabila uang logam dalam jumlah yang banyak. Salah satu solusi yang dapat digunakan adalah dengan merancang bangun alat penghitung uang logam otomatis berbasis IoT. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang alat penghitung uang logam otomatis berbasis IoT yang dapat membantu menghitung uang logam secara akurat dalam berbagai aplikasi seperti mesin penjual otomatis dan kasir. Alat ini menggunakan sensor multi coin acceptor untuk mendeteksi dan mengidentifikasi berbagai jenis uang logam, dengan board mikrokontroler ESP32 sebagai pengendali utama dan modul komunikasi IoT untuk mengirim data ke server. Perangkat lunak yang dikembangkan memungkinkan data dari sensor diolah dan ditampilkan melalui antarmuka pengguna berbasis web. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa alat ini mampu mendeteksi dan menghitung uang logam rupiah dengan akurasi 100%, serta memudahkan pengguna dalam memantau jumlah uang yang terkumpul. Penelitian ini berhasil mencapai tujuannya dengan menghasilkan alat yang akurat dan efisien dalam menghitung uang logam dari empat jenis denominasi yang diuji, yaitu Rp100, Rp200, Rp500, dan Rp1000.
Promising ways to raise public awareness of first aid rules
Authors: Stanishevsky A. L. 
Published: February 2025

Introduction. The ability of an eyewitness to provide immediate and correct first aid to a victim is a key factor of increasing the chances of a favorable outcome in various life­threatening conditions. Informing the population about the importance of the first aid, teaching the necessary algorithms of these actions, and introducing targeted mobile applications can significantly increase the frequency and quality of the first aid.The aim of the study is to examine the main sources of information about the first aid and to identify perspective directions for increasing public awareness in this problem.Materials and methods of the study are based on anonymous questionnaire survey among fuel and energy complex workers of the Republic of Belarus in January­June 2023, which was conducted with the questionnaire «Awareness of First Aid». The survey involved 894 respondents without medical education. The survey helped to determine the coverage of respondents by the first aid trainings, to understand their awareness of the first aid, and to realize the main and prospective sources of information about the first aid. Methods of nonparametric statistics were used to analyze the results.Results. According to the survey results, 93.5% of respondents are familiar with the basic rules of the first aid; 86,8% were trained; 9.7% studied independently. Additional sources of information about the first aid include visual information — 41.5%, first Aid training publications — 30.6%, social networks — 27.6%, and the information from the social environment — 22.0%. Respondents considered the prioritizing sources of information about first aid, which are included visual agitation (37.1%), smart programs «First aid» (35.6%), handouts (25.6%), unified training manual «First aid» (26.2%), etc. According to the respondents, awareness about first aid could be facilitated by wide media coverage (27.0%), introduction of a compulsory training discipline «First Aid» (18.7%), creation of national digital content about first aid (10.9%), compulsory trainings (9.9%). However, the existing educational publications do not have a unified algorithm of first aid and do not support the motivation to render first aid (only 44.1% of respondents consider themselves as full participants of first aid), it also contains outdated or inadmissible recommendations.Conclusions. The creation of a unified information environment «First Aid» can be an important option for increasing public awareness of the first aid. This information environment could solve the following problems -like increasing the motivation of population to training the first aid, like unification of this training and like implementation the first aid training through the mobile technologies.
On the prospects for training personnel for the disaster medicine service in the conditions of Russia’s withdrawal from the Bologna agreement
Authors: Suin P. A. , Gumenyuk S. A. , Egorov K. V. 
Published: February 2025

Purpose of the study: to assess the effectiveness of training medical personnel in the Russian Federation, taking into account the requirements of the Bologna Declaration, to establish promising directions for reforming the higher education system in medical universities, including in the training of personnel for disaster medicine, after Russia›s withdrawal from the Bologna Agreement. Materials and methods. Based on information from scientific thematic sources, an analysis of the results of the reform of higher education in Russia under the influence of the Bologna Declaration was carried out, and promising directions for optimizing higher education in medical universities after leaving it were identified. Historical and analytical methods, methods of comparative analysis and scientific generalization were used.Results. Under the influence of the Bologna Declaration, by 2013, Russian universities switched to a three-level model of higher education, which required the development of training programs and accreditation of educational programs. From 01.09.2017 internship as the first stage of primary specialization of medical personnel ceased to exist, which significantly reduced the quality of practical training of medical specialists. The training of medical personnel in medical universities in the fields of general medicine, pediatrics, pharmacy, etc. is currently carried out according to educational programs of a six-year specialty and a two-year residency.Conclusion. In connection with the exit from the Bologna system in 2022, developments are underway in Russia to reform higher education. At this stage, it is advisable to consider the issue of introducing an internship institution in order to train highly qualified medical specialists, including for work as part of non-staff units of the disaster medicine service.
Examination and treatment of patients with shortness of breath in an inpatient emergency department
Authors: Ershov A. L. , Kolomoytseva T. A. 
Published: February 2025

The review is devoted to some issues of the pathophysiology of acute dyspnea, its clinical manifestations, approaches to assessing severity, as well as some aspects of laboratory and instrumental diagnostics. Considered the use of oxygen therapy and non-invasive methods of respiratory support, which may be required in the process of providing care to patients with shortness of breath in a hospital emergency department.
Еfficacy of glucocorticoids in intensive treatment of acute obstructive laryngitis in children: a review
Authors: Bykov Yu. V. , Оbedin A. N. , Zinchenko О. V. , Yatsuk I. V. 
Published: February 2025

Goal. To analyze the data of foreign and domestic periodical literature on the aspects of the appointment of glucocorticosteroids (GCs) in acute obstructive laryngitis (АOL) in childhood.Materials and methods. 33 foreign and domestic sources on the studied problem were considered, including 15 sources over the past 5 years.Results. According to different authors, the following are considered the mechanisms of action of GC drugs, this paper provides evidence of their therapeutic efficacy, justifying their use as treatment of choice in AOL of any severity grade, in the prehospital as well as hospital settings. The characteristics of a range of different GCs (dexamethasone, prednisolone, budesonide, beclometasone, fluticasone) administered through inhalation and other routes are compared in regard to their use in intensive treatment of AOL in pediatric practice.Conclusion. It is advisable to prescribe GCs for AOL in children. A better understanding of the particulars of use of GCs in children with AOL should improve the quality of intensive care in this pathology.
Korelasi Indeks Massa Tubuh dengan Kadar Kolesterol Total pada Mahasiswa Pre Klinik Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas
Authors: Muhammad Zikra , Julizar Julizar , Suchitra Avit 
Published: February 2025

The increase in body mass index is a condition were excessive increase in fat accumulation in adipose tissue so it can be detrimental to health. Increase in lipid metabolism can trigger the increase in cholesterol level inside the body. This study aimed to know the correlation between body mass index and total cholesterol level on Medical Faculty of Andalas University pre clinic student.
The research method used in this study was an analytic cross sectional approach, conducted from April to December 2020 in Medical Faculty of Andalas University. The subject were 35 pre clinic students who currently in Padang when the research was conducted. The data taken in this research were age, sex, height, weight, and total cholesterol level. The statistical test used was Pearson correlation test.
The result of this research found that p value was 0,173, showed that there was a meaningless relation between BMI and total cholesterol level with negative correlation value (r = -0,236).
This research concludes that there is no correlation between BMI with total cholesterol level on Medical Faculty of Andalas University pre clinic student.
The middle clinoid process, a variation of parasellar region of sphonoid
Authors: Sienicki Jan , Świeciak Wojciech Ziemowit , Klepacki Łukasz 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionMiddle clinoid process (MCP) is a very important structure in surgeries performed on the parasellar and sellar regions. MCP is a bony eminence located on the body of the sphenoid, posteriorly to the anterior clinoid process and anteriorly to the posterior clinoid process. It becomes clinically important when it reaches the height of at least 1.5 mm. It can form many variations, the most common is the caroticoclinoid foramen.AimTo evaluate detailed knowledge, profound understanding of MCP and its role during parasellar region operations.Case studyDuring studies at Department of Anatomy, a dry skull specimen projecting bilaterally clinically important MCP was found. This skull belonged to a 60 years old Caucasian male.Results and discussionIt becomes clinically important when it reaches the height of at least 1.5 mm. The mean height measures 2.59 mm. MCP occurs in about 40% of the population. It can project either unilaterally or bilaterally. No significant differences between age or sex were observed.ConclusionsRecognition of MCP or its variations on preoperative imaging is crucial for planning endonasal approach in treatment of paraclinoidal ICA aneurysm, pituitary adenomas or clinoidectomies.
APLIKASI PENGOLAHAN DATA SISWA
Authors: Ruhamah Ruhamah , Hakim M. Nur , Saputri Rezki Gita 
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membangun aplikasi pengolahan data siswa pada SD Negeri 58 Salolo. Aplikasi ini diharapkan dapat membantu dan memudahkan dalam pengolahan data siswa di sekolah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SD Negeri 58 Salolo. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Research and Development (R&D) dengan menggunakan metode pengembangan penelitian waterfall. Metode pengumpulan data yang dilakukan yaitu observasi, wawancara dan studi pustaka. Perancangan model sistem menggunakan pendekatan Unified Modeling Language (UML) yang terdiri dari Use Case Diagram, Activity Diagram, Sequence Diagram, dan Class Diagram. Hasil penelitian ini berupa aplikasi pengolahan data siswa yang dibangun menggunakan bahasa pemrograman Java, Netbeans IDE sebagai software pembuatan aplikasi, XAMPP sebagai web server database MySQL serta iReport untuk pembuatan laporan. Pengujian yang digunakan dalam sistem ini adalah menggunakan teknik pengujian black box, dimana semua tampilan dan fitur dalam sistem ini telah berfungsi dengan baik sehingga aplikasi ini dapat digunakan di sekolah SD Negeri 58 Salolo.
Peace as an Event and Peace as Utopia: An Analysis on Mary Collins’ Ten Bells Street at War
Authors: Badri Prasad Pokharel  
Published: February 2025

This paper analyses the plight and predicament of local residents of one locality in the East End of London’s Ten Bells Street where people are scared during the World War ll. Mary Collins’ novel Ten Bells Street at War is an account of three childhood friends who have been scattered due to the consequences of the war which had completely devastated the whole of Europe. People like Rose, Becky and Bernie have been living a terrific life under the shadow of Adolf Hilter’s tyranny and everyone is found to have been looking for an ultimate solution to regain the possibility of peace and solidarity in which all European and non-European, Christians and Jews etc. can live together as brothers and sisters. In this paper, I analyse the problems of scattered people due to the terrific consequences of the war based on different grounds: What consequences led the people to live away from their own family, friends and relatives? What is the cause behind their separation? Why have they been encountering unspeakable suffering while the war was in utmost peak? How can the issue of peace and solidarity be prevailed in the war-torn society? Can they live their life peacefully hereafter? Such questions are discussed using relevant peace and war theories.
Determinación de parámetros termodinámicos y de diseño de una celda combustible de hidrógeno a nivel de planta piloto
Authors: Reyes Pineda Henry 
Published: February 2025

The clean alternative energy production is a challenge facing society, therefore, through the analysis and design made a prototype production cell hydrogen proton-type pilot plant level (PEM), operating in potentiostatic conditions1V, 1.23 V and 5 V and galvanostatic conditions of 30 mA, 40 mA, 50 mA, 70 mA, 80 mA y 90 mA for 10 minutes, using KOH as a catalyst and four steel electrodes preactivated with 3 mm separation between them (73 cm2 surface), It was permitted to obtain the thermodynamic parameters, such as the enthalpy of the reaction, the Gibbs free energy and entropy; besides it was stablished optimal potential experimental work and energy efficiency when a Nafion 117 membrane on (surface 36 cm2) was used and in the absence of the same.
El Seis Sigma en La Cadena de Suministro
Authors: Gómez Montoya Rodrigo Andrés , Medina Varela Pedro Daniel , Correa Espinal Alexander Alberto 
Published: February 2025

This article aims to present the state of art of the use of Six Sigma in the supply chain. As a result of the article, we identify a research opportunity related to the construction of a methodology to support the design and improvement of supply chains and logistics systems generically. Furthermore, we analyzed the opportunity of using the design of experiments and others statistical techniques in order to designor improve efficient processes with statistical basis.
Graficación de Curvas de Valoraciones Complejométricas y Diagrama de Distribución de Especies del EDTA, Usando el Enfoque de la Programación Estructurada
Authors: Bracamonte Romero Diana Gregoria , Luna Gómez Diana Sofía , Jiménez Builes Jovani Alberto 
Published: February 2025

Reactions of complexation are very important in diverse scientific areas and in the daily life and constitute the base of the complexometrics valuations. The EDTA is one of the most used titrant in this type of valuations, due to the fact that it forms very stable complexes with the majority of the cations. This article presents the design of an algorithm that allows deriving curves of valuations of a simple way, improving the calculations to laboratory level. The designed algorithm realizes the calculation of the coordinates of the above mentioned curves and its respective graphs, from the conditions of valuation determined by the user, contained in the domain of considered information.
ВЛИЯНИЕ СОСТАВА ЭЛЕКТРОЛИТОВ НА ЭЛЕКТРОХИМИЧЕСКИЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ БЕЗАНОДНЫХ ЛИТИЙ-ИОННЫХ ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ
Authors: Абдрахманова А.Б. , Сабитова А.Н. , Омарова Н.М. 
Published: February 2025

Безанодные литий-ионные аккумуляторы накапливают на 60% больше энергии на единицу объема, чем обычные литий-ионные элементы. Однако эти элементы, как правило, быстро теряют емкость и имеют короткий срок службы, а также, их практическому внедрению препятствуют значительные проблемы, такие как рост литиевых дендритов и низкая кулоновская эффективность циклирования.
Разработка электролитических систем с оптимальной структурой и составом способствует развитию литиевых источников питания, в том числе и их электрохимических характеристик. В литий-ионных аккумуляторах электролит действует как среда для переноса ионов лития между электродами во время процессов заряда-разряда. По этой причине этот компонент необходим для работы этих устройств. Обязательно нужно учитывать, что электролитические системы включают в себя компоненты в виде добавки, растворителя и соли.
Растворы электролитов на основе комбинации фторированных и традиционных карбонатных растворителей были исследованы в безанодных литий-ионных элементах с использованием в качестве анода медную фольгу и Li1.05Ni0.33Mn0.33Co0.33O2 в качестве катода.
Отличные эксплуатационные характеристики были достигнуты за счет замены традиционных алкилкарбонатных растворителей в растворах электролитов на смесь с фторированными сорастворителями. Использование фторэтиленкарбоната значительно улучшила циклическое поведение элементов, заряженных до 4,5 В. Достигнутое улучшение объясняется образованием стабильных и защитных поверхностных пленок на частицах катода благодаря уникальным поверхностным реакциям, которые возможны благодаря природе молекул фторированного растворителя. Поверхностные пленки, образующиеся на литиированных катодах из оксида переходного металла, изолируют активную массу, которая обладает высокой реакционной способностью по отношению к электрофильным алкилкарбонатам, от продолжающихся побочных реакций с частицами раствора. Исключительная электрохимическая стабильность этих растворов электролита делает их подходящими для других безанодных литий-ионных элементов.