bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A hypergraph model shows the carbon reduction potential of effective space use in housing
Authors: Weber Ramon , Mueller Caitlin , Reinhart Christoph 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Humans spend over 90% of their time in buildings which account for 40% of anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, making buildings the leading cause of climate change. To incentivize more sustainable construction, building codes are used to enforce indoor comfort standards and maximum energy use. However, they currently only reward energy efficiency measures such as equipment or envelope upgrades and disregard the actual spatial configuration and usage. Using a new hypergraph model that encodes building floorplan organization and facilitates automatic geometry creation, we demonstrate that space efficiency outperforms envelope upgrades in terms of operational carbon emissions in 72%, 61% and 33% of surveyed buildings in Zurich, New York, and Singapore. Automatically generated floorplans for a case study in Zurich further increase access to daylight by up to 24%, revealing that auto-generated floorplans have the potential to improve the quality of residential spaces in terms of environmental performance and access to daylight.
A novel animal model of dysphagia simulating epiglottis resection
Authors: Cheng Yi , Shang Zhengyun , Chen Muxi , Li Ke , Hu Wen , Shi Lei , Liu Yuan , Yan Jiuming 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

To establish an animal model simulating dysphagia after epiglottectomy, forty-five 5-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: a control group (anesthetized without surgery), a nerve injury group (recurrent laryngeal nerve sectioned), and an epiglottectomy group (epiglottis cartilage removed). One week post-procedure, the rats were fed water containing bromophenol blue, and daily measurements of body weight and food intake were recorded. Following the experimental period, the rats were dissected, blood samples were collected, and major organ coefficients were analyzed. Pulmonary tissues were examined histopathologically, and the expression levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in lung tissues, venous serum, and lung homogenates were determined using RT-qPCR and ELISA. Results indicated that food intake and body weight in the epiglottectomy group were significantly lower than those in the control group and nerve injury group (p < 0.01). Histopathological examination revealed that the lung tissue damage scores in the epiglottectomy group were significantly higher than those in the control group (p < 0.01), indicating more severe damage. Additionally, ELISA results showed that TNF-α levels in the epiglottectomy group were significantly higher than those in the control and nerve injury groups (p < 0.01, p < 0.05), suggesting an enhanced inflammatory response. These findings highlight the potential application of the epiglottectomy model in simulating organ-specific dysphagia and its associated complications, providing valuable insights for future clinical treatment.
New evidence of syn-eruptive magma-carbonate interaction: the case study of the Pomici di Avellino eruption at Somma-Vesuvius (Italy)
Authors: Mele Daniela , Knuever Marco , Dellino Pierfrancesco , Costa Antonio , Fornelli Annamaria , Massaro Silvia , Sulpizio Roberto 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Calcareous lithics are commonly found within the products of some explosive eruptions of Somma-Vesuvius, but their short-term contribution to the eruption dynamics has never been evaluated. The pumice fragments from the final phase of the Plinian fallout event of the Pomici di Avellino eruption contain abundant calcareous xenoliths. Previous works on that eruption, as resulting from numerical simulations, suggested that the release of CO2 from the entrapment of carbonates may have prolonged the magmatic phase of the eruption by maintaining sufficient driving pressure in the feeding dyke.
The texture and thermo-metamorphic reactions of carbonate xenolith-bearing pumice fragments of the Pomici di Avellino eruption are analysed through petrography, scanning electron microscope images, energy dispersive spectrometer, and micro-computed X-ray tomography to deduce the behaviour of short-term carbonate-magma interaction and its contribution to the eruption dynamics.
Results show that calcareous xenoliths experienced short-term magma-carbonate interaction, which took place in three steps: i) ingestion, i.e., the physic-mechanical process of carbonate xenoliths entrainment, ii) decarbonation, related to high-temperature decomposition reaction, and iii) digestion or dissolution of the incorporated calcareous xenoliths into the melt with diffusion of Ca and Mg. The CO2 released during the syn-eruptive decarbonation process thus provided extra volatiles to the rising magma, which may have maintained magma buoyancy longer than expected if only magmatic volatiles were involved in the eruption.
Label-Free Functional Imaging of Vagus Nerve Stimulation-Evoked Potentials at the Cortical Surface
Authors: RoaFiore Laura , Meyer Trevor , Peixoto Thaissa , Irazoqui Pedro 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) was the first FDA-approved stimulation therapy to treat patients with refractory epilepsy and remains widely used. The mechanisms behind the therapeutic effect of VNS remain unknown but are thought to involve afferent-mediated modulation to cortical circuits1. In this work, we use a coherent holographic imaging system to characterize vagus nerve evoked potentials (VEPs) in the cortex in response to typical VNS stimulation paradigms, which does not require electrode placement nor any genetic, structural, or functional labels. We find that stimulation amplitude strongly modulates VEPs response magnitude (effect size 0.401), while pulse width has a moderate modulatory effect (effect size 0.127) and frequency has almost no modulatory effect (effect size 0.009) on the evoked potential magnitude. We find mild interaction between pulse width and frequency. This non-contact label-free functional imaging technique could serve as a non-invasive rapid feedback tool to quantify VEPs and could increase the efficacy of VNS in patients with refractory epilepsy.
Factors Associated with Inadequate Antenatal Contacts at the Yaounde Central Hospital in Cameroon
Authors: Cheudjui Anne Jocelyne Nguemedyam , Lantche Martial Wandji , Nguemfo Catherine Fanny Mayoh , Tandjong Firmin Girèce Kakeu , Mbu Robinson Enow 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Until 2015, 4 Antenatal Contacts (ANC) was the World Health Organisation (WHO) preferred model for pregnancy follow-up. Given concerns about adverse births, at least 8 ANC have been recommended since 2016 in resource-limited settings.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among women who had delivered within the last 24 hours in Yaounde Central Hospital (YCH), Cameroon, between June 8th and August 7th 2021. Logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with Inadequate ANC (IANC). Analyses were done using Epi Info 7.0. Any P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results
Of the 200 participants enrolled, the majority (70.5%) had IANC and the mean age was 28.0 ± 6.7 years. Referrals women were more likely to have IANC than non-referrals, with an Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) of 5.4 (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 2.2–12.9; P < 0.001). Likewise, unmarried women were more likely to have IANC than married, with an AOR of 2.5 (95% CI: 1.2–5.4; P < 0.001).
Conclusions
About 7 out of 10 women who delivered at the YCH had IANC. Accordingly, risk factors for IANC should be monitored throughout pregnancy particularly among young women in Cameroon.
Relationship between Temporomandibular Dysfunction and Otologic Manifestations: A Cross-Sectional Study Autores
Authors: Façanha Rachel Costa , Ferreira Meire Coelho , Júnior Paulo Cézar Simamoto 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objectives This cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) and otological symptoms and alterations.
Materials and methods The sample consisted of 101 individuals who were assessed for TMD using the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD) questionnaire and for otological symptoms and alterations, including tinnitus, ear pain, and hearing loss, through interviews and audiological tests (meatoscopy, air and bone conduction audiometry, and tympanometry). The data was subjected to descriptive analysis, chi-square tests, and Poisson regression at a 5% significance level.
Results Nocturnal and daytime bruxism (34.7% and 49.5%), clicking (37.6%), ear pain (58.4%), tinnitus (59.4%), and hearing loss (17.8%) were the most frequent symptoms and alterations related to the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and ear. TMD was significantly associated with pain and degree of facial pain, nocturnal bruxism, difficulty chewing, joint locking, clicking, tinnitus, degree of tinnitus annoyance, ear pain, and hearing loss (p<0.001). In the adjusted regression analysis, ear pain was associated with TMD (adjusted prevalence ratio: PRa = 7.355, confidence interval: 95% CI = 2.077–26.042).
Conclusions Individuals with TMD showed a higher prevalence of otologic symptoms, alterations, and facial pain.
Clinical relevance Changes in TMJ structures can cause various signs and symptoms in the stomatognathic and auditory systems.
Associations between Nicotine Metabolites and Serum Neurofilament Light Chain Levels in the General Population
Authors: Tang Erhan , Ji Qianqian , Liao Yueting , Yang Jialei , Zhu Feiqi , Zhan Yiqiang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background: Nicotine has been recognized for enhancing cognitive functions, with serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) as a biomarker for neurological conditions. However, the relationship between nicotine and its metabolites and sNfL levels remains underexplored. This study aims to investigate the associations of serum and urine levels of cotinine and trans-3’-hydroxycotinine (hydroxycotinine) with sNfL levels in a broad population.
Methods: Employing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-2014, this cross-sectional study used multivariable linear regression models and restricted cubic splines to examine the links between cotinine, hydroxycotinine (both in serum and urine), and sNfL levels.
Results: Including individuals with an average age of 46.8 (SD=15.3) years—1069 women (weighted, 52.1%) and 984 men (weighted, 47.9%) for serum analysis, and 327 women (weighted, 49.5%) and 334 men (weighted, 50.5%) for urine analysis—the study found that sNfL levels positively correlated with serum and urine levels of cotinine and hydroxycotinine. Adjusted analyses revealed increases in sNfL levels in association with these substances, noting nonlinear associations for hydroxycotinine (serum and urine) and urine cotinine with sNfL levels.
Conclusions: The findings highlight significant positive relationships between serum and urine levels of cotinine and hydroxycotinine and sNfL levels, with novel U-shaped associations observed at low levels of urine cotinine and hydroxycotinine. These results suggest a potentially beneficial effect of low-dose nicotine or its metabolites on sNfL levels, warranting further research.
Emotional intelligence and resilience impact Sudanese adolescents’ mental health, 2022: A cross-sectional study.
Authors: Ibrahim Danya , Altahir Anfal M. , Abdalla Da'ad , Elkhidir Ibrahim , Abdelmagid Tarteel , SirElkhatim Dalya , Heamid Samah H. , Ali Babikr , Tamim Mohammed , Isam Osama , Abdelaziz Zahra , Mohammed Zainab , Seed-Ahmed Reem , Adil Awatif , Abdelgafour Rania Hassan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Adolescents are sensitive to emotions and susceptible to psychiatric morbidity and disturbing behaviors including suicidality. Emotional intelligence is strongly correlated with resilience, which is considered a strong moderator for mental well-being. The study aimed to determine the level of emotional intelligence, resilience, depression and anxiety in Sudanese adolescents and the correlation between these factors.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, 392 adolescents from four high schools completed a self-administered questionnaire consisting of the 30-item trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire- short form (TEQ-SF), Brief Resilience Scale-6 (BRS-6) and Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4).
Results
The emotional intelligence score was moderate to high (mean 131.53 ± 22.16). While resilience levels were low to normal (mean 3.20 ± 0.51). Students had mild to moderate degrees of anxiety, and depression at 89%, and 78% respectively. There was a positive association between emotional intelligence and resilience (r = .272, p < .0005). Emotional intelligence had no direct significant relationship with anxiety and depression, but resilience was positively correlated with anxiety (r = .105). Anxiety had a strong positive correlation with depression (r = 0.540) and a significant negative association with academic performance (r= -0.102). A significant contributor to the prediction of the resilience levels was the parents’ status (p-value = 0.011) with an unstandardized beta coefficient of 0.368.
Conclusion
The study revealed the prevalence of anxiety and depression among Sudanese adolescents and by boosting the students’ mental health their academic performance will improve.
The effect of DECO-MOM mobile application for a prenatal environmental health program on environmental health behaviors
Authors: Jo Haekyung , Kim Hyun Kyoung 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background: The DECO-MOM mobile program was developed to enhance prenatal environmental health behaviors among pregnant women, addressing the challenges of climate change and environmental pollution. This study aimed to explore the effects of the DECO-MOM app on personal and community health behaviors, quality of life, subjective health status, depression, anxiety, and e-learning satisfaction, guided by the revised protection motivation theory.
Methods/Design: This non-randomized controlled study employed a pre-post-test design with experimental and control groups. The study analyzed data from 31 participants in the experimental group and 34 in the control group after a four-week mobile application intervention conducted from September 26 to October 24, 2023, in three cities in South Korea.
Results: The experimental group demonstrated significant improvements in personal environmental health behaviors (p = .003), community environmental health behaviors (p = .001), quality of life (p = .043), and e-learning satisfaction (p = .005) compared to the control group. Significant increases were observed in subcategories such as lifestyle (p = .005), dust management (p < .001), reduction efforts (p = .001), involvement (p = .007), recycling (p = .005), reuse (p = .035), content satisfaction (p < .001), and communication satisfaction (p = .039). However, no significant increases were found in subjective health status, depression, or anxiety.
Discussion: The integration of tailored educational content delivered via mobile technology presents a viable strategy for prenatal health promotion. Future studies should explore the long-term impacts and scalability of such mobile-based interventions.
Trial registration: Trial registration Number: KCT0007725, Registered September 22, 2022. Prospectively registered.
Reference data for body composition parameters in normal weight Polish adolescents: results from the population- based ADOPOLNOR study
Authors: Kaczmarek Maria , Durda-Masny Magdalena , Hanć Tomasz 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The purpose of this study was twofold: (i) to develop age- and sex-specific reference data on body composition parameters, including fat-free mass (FFM), body cell mass (BCM), total body water (TBW), muscle mass (MM) and fat mass (FM), and indices of FFM, BCM and FM, and (ii) to assess potential differences in these parameters between male and female adolescents aged 10-18 years. Data used in this analysis were obtained from the ADOPOLNOR study, a population-based transdisciplinary cross-sectional survey focussing on the health and quality of life of adolescents, conducted in the western part of Poland. A homogeneous subsample of 4,037 participants of participants of normal weight from all types of schools and socioeconomic backgrounds, including 2,005 male and 2,032 female adolescents, was selected on the basis of BMI for the analyses. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) was used to assess various components of the body. The RefCurv software package, version 0.4.2, was used to calculate age- and sex-specific centile values and to plot smoothed centile curves. Despite the observation that body composition parameters generally increased with age during adolescence, with the exception of FM%, which decreased in boys, there was a clear sexual dimorphism. Boys had consistently higher values for FFM, BCM, TBW,, and MM compared to girls, with statistical significance (p<0.01) noted from the age of 13 (FFM) or 14 (BCM, BCMI, MM) years or throughout adolescence for parameters such as TBW and FFMI. On the contrary, boys consistently had significantly lower values for FM, FMI and FM%, indicating a lower proportion of body fat compared to girls. Centile values and curves were obtained separately for boys and girls and for each chronological age category and compared with other European samples of adolescents.
Conclusion: The development of reference data for body composition in Central European adolescents is of paramount importance. These local reference data provide a contextualised framework that takes into account the unique physiological and environmental factors within the region. They can serve as an invaluable tool for research, screening and clinical assessment of nutritional status in adolescents.
Road damage detection and classification using deep neural networks
Authors: JIANG Yiwen 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

In addressing the challenges of enhancing road damage detection efficiency and accuracy, this paper introduces an optimized YOLOv8 model suitable for embedded systems. The model significantly enhances precision, recall, and mean Average Precision (mAP), achieving 65.7% mAP on the RDD2022 dataset, thereby surpassing models such as Faster R-CNN and SSD. This advancement is attributed to the integration of a Deformable Attention Transformer, a GSConv-powered slim-neck module, and the MPDIoU loss function. These innovations not only contribute to the model's high performance but also set a new benchmark in road damage detection technology, thereby paving the way for future enhancements in the field.
Blowouts in Sandy Grassland Areas: Analysis and Prediction of Spatial Patterns and Landscape Changes
Authors: Guo Ziyue , Gao Liang , Shi Huidong , Yu Ting , Jiang Hongtao , Hai Chunxing , Xie Yunhu , Zhu Li 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Blowouts are a common type of wind-eroded landform found in sandy and desertified areas. They also represent a major degradative surface process affecting grassland ecosystems. Blowouts exacerbate changes in surface morphology through their effects on other surface phenomena including vegetation. This paper interprets sandy grassland blowouts occurring in Xilingol League, Inner Mongolia, using 3S extraction and high-resolution remote sensing image data from 1962, 1972, 1982, 2013, 2018 and 2023. The Landscape Pattern Index method and Fuzzy Land Use Simulation (FLUS) modelling applied to changes over the last six decades provided spatial evolution parameters for predicting future blowout distributions. Results showed that blowouts affecting the Xilingol grassland area increased by 16.81% over the past 60 years. The patch density (PD) increased by 0.9 hm− 2. The mean proximity index (PROX_MN) and mean Euclidean nearest neighbour distance (ENN_MN) showed a tendency to decrease and then increase indicating initial expansion and then merging of adjacent blowouts to create the present landscape. The FLUS model used ten factors to predict changes in blowout distributions from 2018 to 2033. Factors included digital elevation model (DEM), slope, aspect, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), mean annual temperature, mean annual precipitation, population density, real GDP, distance to water, and distance to impervious surfaces. It was found that grassland area decreased by 6217.12 hm2 and blowout area decreased by 102.91 hm2. Results of this study can expand understanding of blowout morphodynamics in ecologically sensitive areas.
The Impact of Fluid Management during ICU on the Prognosis of Patients with Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: guo jingsheng , zhang aiping , ni haibin , Lu Zhenfeng , song lin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background: Acute pancreatitis is a severe inflammatory condition with 6.6-7.6% of patients needing ICU admission, and a mortality rate of approximately 20%. Early and aggressive fluid resuscitation is crucial, but excessive administration leads to complications. Fluid overload in the ICU correlates with adverse outcomes. Continuous fluid management during ICU stay is necessary. Therefore, fluid management post-ICU admission is significant. This study investigates the impact of ICU fluid management on the prognosis of acute pancreatitis patients.
Methods: This study utilized the MIMIC-IV database（2.2）.Data extraction used Navicat Premium (version 15). The study focuses on analyzing the relationship between fluid balance and patient outcomes, particularly mortality risk factors. SPSS (version 26.0) was used for statistical analysis. Normality tests, descriptive statistics, and comparisons were performed. Factors with p<0.1 in univariate analysis were included in multivariate analysis using logistic regression. Odds ratios and confidence intervals were reported. Model accuracy was evaluated with ROC curve analysis. A p-value <0.05 was considered significant.
Results: A total of 469 eligible acute pancreatitis were included in the data analysis. The mortality rate was 31.6%. Deceased patients were older and had higher comorbidity index, lactate levels, and daily fluid balance(P<0.01). Logistic regression analysis identified age, comorbidity index, lactate levels, and daily fluid balance as independent predictors of outcomes (AUC,0.683 (0.616-0.750), 0.691 (0.627-0.755), 0.692 (0.626-0.759), and 0.631 (0.563-0.70)). The combined model showed higher predictive accuracy (AUC,0.778 (0.718-0.839)). The optimal cutoff value for daily fluid balance was determined to be 1.162L, with a sensitivity of 66.7% and a specificity of 57.1%.
Conclusions: This study demonstrates a correlation between cumulative positive fluid balance during ICU hospitalization and adverse outcomes in acute pancreatitis. Factors such as older age, comorbidities, and high lactate levels are associated with poorer outcomes.