bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiative-dynamical Model of Jupiter’s Quasi-quadrennial Oscillation
Authors: Zhang Jialin , Li Tao , Zhang Xi , Li Cheng , Tang Yihuan , Dou Xiankang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We present a simulation of Jupiter’s quasi-quadrennial oscillation (QQO) in a 2D radiative-dynamical model. Launching an eastward Kelvin wave and a westward Rossby-gravity wave in the lower boundary, we successfully generate a 4 yr-period oscillation in the equatorial stratosphere. The momentum flux of waves initiates overlying easterly–westerly wind jets descending in altitude with the maximum temperature variation of ±5 K near 10 hPa at the equator. The tropical stratospheric region is dominated by upwelling and downwelling circulation cells induced by the QQO, affecting the midlatitude where stratospheric aerosols enrich. The simulation results are consistent with the previous satellite and ground-based observations in the low latitudes and provide the ability to examine the QQO’s influence in Jupiter’s extratropical stratosphere. The QQO influence further extends into the upper troposphere, forming a weak anticorrelation with the stratosphere oscillation in agreement with the result from 40 yr of telescope observations.
The Population of Small Near-Earth Objects: Composition, Source Regions, and Rotational Properties
Authors: Sanchez Juan A. , Reddy Vishnu , Thirouin Audrey , Bottke William F. , Kareta Theodore , De Florio Mario , Sharkey Benjamin N. L. , Battle Adam , Cantillo David C. , Pearson Neil 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The study of small (<300 m) near-Earth objects (NEOs) is important because they are more closely related than larger objects to the precursors of meteorites that fall on Earth. Collisions of these bodies with Earth are also more frequent. Although such collisions cannot produce massive extinction events, they can still produce significant local damage. Here we present the results of a photometric and spectroscopic survey of small NEOs that include near-infrared spectra of 84 objects with a mean diameter of 126 m and photometric data of 59 objects with a mean diameter of 87 m. We found that S-complex asteroids are the most abundant among the NEOs, comprising ∼66% of the sample. Most asteroids in the S-complex were found to have compositions consistent with LL-chondrites. Our study revealed the existence of NEOs with spectral characteristics similar to those in the S-complex but that could be hidden within the C- or X-complex due to their weak absorption bands. We suggest that the presence of metal or shock darkening could be responsible for the attenuation of the absorption bands. These objects have been grouped into a new subclass within the S-complex called Sx-types. The dynamical modeling showed that 83% of the NEOs escaped from the ν
6 resonance, 16% from the 3:1, and just 1% from the 5:2 resonance. Lightcurves and rotational periods were derived from the photometric data. No clear trend between the axis ratio and the absolute magnitude or rotational period of the NEOs was found.
Se protéger des violences et blessures : la préservation du corps des aristocrates romains et ses effets politiques de Sylla à Auguste
Authors: Laignoux Raphaëlle 
Published: June 2024

Résumé Résumé : De la dictature de Sylla aux guerres civiles des années 40-30, la place grandissante des victoires militaires et des violences dans la vie politique entraîne un niveau de risque corporel sans précédent pour les aristocrates romains. C'est sans doute ce contexte de risques accrus qui a conduit les aristocrates, notamment les plus puissants d'entre eux, à développer d'importantes stratégies de protection corporelle, destinées à éviter les blessures et les diverses atteintes possibles à l’intégrité de leur corps à la guerre comme dans la vie civile. D'une part, ils ont multiplié les escortes et les gardes à même de les protéger, lors de campagnes militaires mais aussi à l'intérieur de la ville de Rome. D'autre part, ils ont réduit les prises de risque, limitant tout à la fois leur participation au combat et les interactions directes avec les gouvernés. Cette protection croissante du « corps aristocratique » entre néanmoins en contradiction avec la culture politique romaine traditionnelle qui valorise notamment le courage au combat et la proximité entre gouvernants et gouvernés. Le refus de César de se faire accompagner de gardes du corps lors de la séance sénatoriale du 15 mars 44 est un exemple frappant de la difficile coexistence entre les représentations traditionnelles et des pratiques de protection pourtant de plus en plus diffuses. L'étude des mécanismes de protection du corps mobilisés par les aristocrates romains de Sylla à Auguste permet donc de revenir sur certaines évolutions des conceptions et pratiques politiques de la fin de la République et des débuts du Principat. La tendance à la mise en sûreté du corps, nette mais inégale selon les aristocrates, invite tout particulièrement à réinterroger les modalités d'évolution des hiérarchies et des modèles de comportement aristocratiques mais aussi les distinctions entre les sphères civile et militaire.
« Un noble blessé » ( nobilis uolneratus ). Les atteintes à l’honneur de Clodius : corps, discours et ethos aristocratique
Authors: Baudry Robinson 
Published: June 2024

Résumé Résumé : Dans le discours Sur la réponse des haruspices , Cicéron évoque, au sujet de Clodius, « une scélératesse aussi intraitable, une effronterie aussi monstrueuse d’un jeune forcené, d’un noble blessé. » Le déshonneur subi par Clodius lors de l’affaire de la Bona Dea, présenté comme une blessure, se trouve ainsi constitué en mobile de son action politique. En la désignant, le discours de Cicéron, du fait de sa dimension performative, renforce, voire crée de toutes pièces, la supposée blessure aristocratique de son adversaire. Cet article se proposera donc d’étudier les atteintes à l’honneur de Clodius dans les invectives de Cicéron, en insistant sur le rôle du contexte de l’énonciation. Présentée ainsi l’enquête serait trop vaste et notre propos se concentrera sur deux aspects. Le premier, porte sur l’idée même de blessure aristocratique, réexaminée à partir de cette étude de cas. Se pose en effet la question de la spécificité de ces blessures aristocratiques, qui tiendrait à une plus grande vulnérabilité des aristocrates au déshonneur, à la singularité des formes de l’atteinte à l’honneur de ces derniers et à la particularité des stratégies qu’ils mobilisaient pour rétablir leur prestige. Ces questions invitent à approfondir un deuxième thème : la place des attaques portant sur le corps de Clodius, dont Cicéron n’a eu de cesse de dénoncer l’effémination et la sensibilité excessive aux plaisirs.
L’écho des blessures d’honneur républicaines chez Suétone
Authors: Duchêne Pauline 
Published: June 2024

Résumé Résumé : Les atteintes à l’honneur d’un aristocrate romain ne concernent pas que sa personne : elles atteignent aussi sa gens tout entière, ancêtres et descendants compris. L’attaque et la blessure qui en résultent doivent donc être respectivement repoussée et soignée non seulement sur le moment, mais aussi sur le long terme, en particulier dans le récit historique des événements concernés. Bien qu’éloignés dans le temps de la période républicaine, les Douze Césars de Suétone permettent de voir ce processus à l’œuvre et d’en saisir les implications, car ils commencent tous par un passage en revue des ancêtres républicains de chaque empereur, remontant parfois jusqu’aux premiers temps de la République. Le panorama qu’ils proposent met ainsi le lecteur en position de comprendre à la fois comment on pouvait infliger une blessure d’honneur et comment pouvait s’opérer sa cicatrisation, son enkystement, voire sa transformation en caractéristique familiale et sa transmission héréditaire.
La blessure du chef de guerre romain à l’époque archaïque (753-290 avant J.-C.)
Authors: Engerbeaud Mathieu 
Published: June 2024

Résumé Résumé : Que nous apprennent les textes sur le prestige des aristocrates blessés à la guerre durant les premiers temps de Rome ? Entre l’époque de Romulus et la fin de la troisième guerre samnite en 290, les récits historiques décrivent plusieurs centaines de batailles et d’opérations militaires, mais, à en croire ces mêmes sources, seuls seize chefs de guerre romains sont blessés au cours de ces cinq siècles. Ce nombre est sans doute sous-estimé et la mention des blessures des chefs romains s’insère dans la mise en intrigue d’une période complexe.
Psychologie clinique du vieillissement
Authors: Léglise Audrey , Pommier Précillia , Fernandez Lydia 
Published: June 2024

L’émotion est la résultante d’un ensemble de variations épisodiques physiques, comportementales et psychiques, en réponse à des événements évalués comme importants par l’organisme. Les émotions sont partagées avec l’environnement à partir de la communication verbale et non verbale. Les capacités d’expression et d’interprétation des émotions sont en partie altérées chez les personnes âgées atteintes de démence. Cependant, le clinicien doit proposer une approche thérapeutique permettant le maintien des échanges psychoaffectifs à partir des capacités préservées par la maladie. En voici un exemple : la thérapie assistée par l’animal.
Recent Resonances of a Century Old Treaty: The Foundation of Lausanne Treaty Emigrants and Civic Diplomacy in the Turkish-Greek Realm
Authors: Vardağlı Emine Tutku 
Published: June 2024

Abstract: this study evaluates the Lausanne Population Exchange Protocol and its long-term effects on the Turkish-Greek civil dialogue. The Lausanne Population Exchange Protocol was one of the most contentious protocols of the Lausanne Treaty. The Protocol regulated the compulsory exchange of the Greek Orthodox inhabitants of Turkey with the Muslim inhabitants of Greece. The compulsory character of this forced migration has been debated a lot since the Lausanne Conference in 1923. It was a challenge to the civilization standards in 1920s. A hundred years after, it is a challenge to the contemporary human rights standards. However, the cross-border civil society organizations established by the descendants of the exchanged communities have a potential to reverse the situation and transform this diplomatic stalemate into a peaceful dialogue ground on the centenary.
Comparison of the classical approach and costoclavicular approach of ultrasound-guided infraclavicular block: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Garg Heena , Makhija Purva , Jain Dhruv , Kumar Shailendra , Kashyap Lokesh 
Published: June 2024

Background and Aims:
The infraclavicular brachial plexus block (ICB) provides analgesia and anaesthesia of the upper limb. It is given using the classical or the more recently described costoclavicular (CC) approach at the level of cords. This systematic review aimed to assess which approach is better for the ICB in terms of onset, performance, and safety.

Methods:
This PROSPERO (vide registration number CRD42022361636) registered meta-analysis included randomised trials of patients undergoing upper limb surgery in ultrasound-guided ICB from MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, and IRCTP from inception to March 2023. The quality of evidence was assessed using GradePro software. The primary outcomes were sensory and motor block onset time and the number of patients having complete block at 30 minutes. Secondary outcomes included block performance time (BPT), number of attempts, duration of the block, and any incidence of complications.

Results:
Five trials with 374 adult patients (classic = 185, CC = 189) were included. No significant difference was found in the sensory (Mean difference (MD): 1.44 minutes [95% confidence interval (CI): 3.06, 5.95]; I2 = 95%; very low level of evidence (LOE); P = 0.53) and motor block onset times (MD: 0.83 minutes [95% CI: 0.96, 2.62]; I2 = 84%; very low LOE P = 0.36) and BPT (MD: 5.06 seconds [95% CI: 38.50, 48.63]; I2 = 98%; very low LOE; P = 0.82) in classic and CC approach of ICB. Trial sequential analysis revealed our sample size to be 0.65% of the required sample size to achieve 80% power, deeming our study underpowered.

Conclusion:
Costoclavicular approach was not superior or inferior to the classical technique for infraclavicular brachial plexus block. However, the quality of evidence is low and further studies are needed to corroborate the findings.
Syndromic diagnosis, sexual behavior, and management in rural population among all cases attending sexually transmitted infection clinic in a tertiary care center from the east-central zone of India: A retrospective study
Authors: Singh Suvesh , Shahid Rashid , Pradhan Swetalina 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:
Rural population constitutes a significant population of our country. According to the regions, the sexual behavior and pattern of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) changes because of variation in health facilities, education, and sociocultural belief.

Objective:
To study the sociodemographic profile, sexual behavior, and pattern of STIs based on the syndromic approach in the rural population attending STIs clinic from the east-central zone of India.

Materials and Methods:
Between January 2020 and July 2022, a retrospective study was carried out in a STIs clinic at a tertiary care facility in India’s east-central region. Data included demographics, clinical profiles (syndromic approach), and sexual behavior from all the rural population suffering from STIs. The data were corroborated using the proper statistical tools.

Results:
Seven hundred and twenty-two (63.6%) of the 1135 STI cases were from the rural population. The gender ratio was 17:1, with 333 (46.1%) patients between the ages of 20 and 30 years. Four hundred and ninety-four (68.4%) of the rural population had education qualifications below the 10th class. The predominant occupation was a homemaker (582; 80.6%). Drug abuse was noted in 13 (1.8%) cases. Lower abdominal pain was the most clinical manifestation seen in 441 (61%) cases, followed by vaginal discharge in 89 (12.3%) cases. The majority of the patients presented with the first episode of symptoms and had a single regular partner with no symptoms in a partner. In 22.9% of cases, the partner had a history of frequent travel. In 94.1% of cases, protective measures were not used.

Conclusions:
Young married adults, female partners, lower education, and low-income classes were among those who had STIs, with frequent unprotected sexual activity. Lower abdominal pain is the most common symptom in this area.
A cross-sectional study of the factors influencing adherence to antiretroviral therapy among adults with human immunodeficiency virus infection in a tertiary care hospital in Puducherry, India
Authors: Surendereddy Settipalli , Vijaikumar M. , Jayaraman Ramesh , Vasudevan P. Kavita 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Context:
Combating human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome epidemic has been possible due to advances in prevention strategies and Antiretroviral therapy (ART). Optimal adherence to ART is a major factor in achieving the desired immunological, virological, and patient well-being outcomes. Several socio-demographic, patient, treatment, and health-care system-related factors influence nonadherent behavior to ART.

Aims:
This study was planned to assess (1) ART adherence level, (2) factors and reasons associated with nonadherence, and (3) impact of suboptimal adherence on treatment outcomes.

Settings and Design:
This was a cross-sectional analytical study of 300 patients in a tertiary care hospital in Puducherry, India.

Methods:
Random sampling was used to collect data from patient treatment cards and a predesigned structured questionnaire. The pill count method was used to calculate adherence level.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Nonadherence was chosen as a dependent variable and factors affecting adherence were chosen as independent variables. Test for significance was carried out by Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test.

Results:
Optimal adherence was seen in 68.3%. Factors significantly associated with nonadherence were lower education level, high prior CD4 count, irregular follow-up, missing doses in the past, and being late for pharmacy pill refills. Adherence was positively associated with mean increase in CD4 count over 6 months.

Conclusions:
In our study, the adherence rate is suboptimal which can lead to failure of ART. Nonadherence was associated with a decrease in CD4 count overtime. Most of the factors significantly affecting ART adherence were patient behavior related. These factors can be used for target intervention during reinforcement adherence counseling.
Drug-induced systemic lupus erythematosus in a child living with HIV
Authors: Tambe Swagata , Jangid Kirti , Shinde Geeta , Jadhav Shubhada , Mahobia Shraddha , Lala Mamatha , Gabhale Yashwant 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) constitutes approximately 10% of SLE cases. The diagnosis and management of this condition remains to be a challenge in the pediatric population. The distinguishing clinical features are less pronounced male-to-female ratio, more organ damage, and higher disease activity compared to adult-onset disease. Drug-induced lupus erythematosus is rare in children. We report a case of drug-induced SLE in a child on antiretroviral therapy.
Comparative evaluation of increase in temperature on the external root surface of teeth during retrieval of broken NiTi instrument using two ultrasonic tips and two power settings: An in vitro study
Authors: Jain Ashish K. , Jain Rishabhkumar , Rao Rahul , Rao Prajakta , Yadav Pooja , Thorat Vinayak 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Context:
An unfavorable event that can hinder endodontic treatment and affect the outcome of root canal treatment is the separation of endodontic instruments. Endodontic instrument separation can occur due to clinical or metallurgical factors. Friction between the ultrasonic tip and the remaining dentin generates heat, which is subsequently transferred to the external root surface. Elevated temperatures exceeding 10°C above body temperature for more than a minute may result in injury to periodontal or bone tissue.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare temperature rise on the external root surface of teeth during retrieval of broken NiTi instrument using two different ultrasonic tips and two power settings.

Materials and Methods:
In each group, a sample size of 8 was sufficient to attain a statistical power exceeding 90%, enabling the detection of a minimum mean difference of 0.9204 (delta) through a one-way ANOVA test at a 95% confidence level (alpha 0.05). After access opening and working length determination, samples were randomly distributed into two groups - Group 1 (A and B) - ProUltra tip at high and low power settings and Group 2 (A and B) - Cric Dental IR3 at high and low power settings. The temperature rise was measured using K-type thermocouple thermometer. The comparisons were analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis test with pairwise comparisons using the Dunn’s test.

Results:
Group 1A and Group 1B resulted in lower heat generation compared to Group 2A and 2B and its difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Minimum temperature rise is seen in the ProUltra group at lower power settings (Group 1A) at the apical level and maximum temperature rise is seen in the Cric Dental IR3 group at higher power settings (Group 2B) at the middle third level.

Conclusion:
It was found that there is a significant temperature rise seen when ultrasonic tips are used for the retrieval of separated files, especially at higher power settings. The ProUltra tip demonstrated the lowest temperature rise at lower power settings, particularly at the apical level, whereas the IR3 Cric Dental tip exhibited the highest temperature rise, notably at higher power settings and the middle third level.
A comparative evaluation of the effect of eugenol exposure time on the bond strength of an etch-and-rinse and a self-etch adhesive to dentin: An in vitro study
Authors: Khaitan Anshuman , Mondal Parthasarathi , Mandal Kurchi , Das Joydeep , Karmakar Debjyoti , Das Snigdho 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Aim:
The study aimed to comparatively evaluate the effect of eugenol exposure time on the micro-shear bond strength (μ-SBS) of etch-and-rinse and a self-etch adhesive to dentin.

Materials and Methods:
One hundred and twelve teeth samples were prepared from bisectioning 56 freshly extracted human mandibular molars and were randomly divided into 14 subgroups of 8 samples each (n = 8). Three subgroups containing eugenol and a noneugenol-based restorative material were placed on the dentin surface and left for 24 h, 7 days, and 14 days, respectively, and were compared to a control. Two bonding systems were evaluated: one being etch-and-rinse and the other self-etch adhesive. The μ-SBS were calculated and expressed in MPa.

Statistical Analysis:
The data were analyzed using mixed model analysis of variance. The level of statistical significance was set at 5%.

Results:
There was a statistically significant reduction in the μ-SBS values when the self-etch adhesive was used, after the removal of eugenol-containing cement placed for 24 h. However, the reduction in the μ-SBS values after 7 days or 14 days was not significant.

Conclusion:
Exposure to eugenol containing temporary cement for 24 h significantly reduces the μ-SBS of self-etching adhesives to dentin. However, exposure for 1 week or more has minimal effects.
Comparative evaluation of the effects of different torque settings on dentinal crack formation using single- and multi-file system: An in vitro study
Authors: Katkam Lavanya Rajendraprasad , Maheshwari Zinnie , Reddy Kranthikumar S. , Gandhi Pranita Pravin , Deore Rahul B. , Kharkar Atharv Pramod 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Context:
To improve efficiency, biomechanical preparation in root canal treatment is shifting from manual SS to nickel–titanium (NiTi) rotary devices. While multi-file NiTi systems entail crack and fracture issues, modern single-file systems address these concerns.

Aims:
The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the effects of different torque settings on dentinal crack formation using single-file systems (SFS) (One Curve [OC]) and multi-file systems (ProTaper Next [PTN]) at different levels of the tooth.

Subjects and Methods:
The study was conducted on 45 freshly extracted human mandibular premolars divided into groups: OC at minimal and maximal torque, PTN at minimal and maximal torque, and a control group. After canal preparation, teeth were horizontally sectioned at 3, 6, and 9 mm from the apex, and then examined for cracks using a stereomicroscope.

Statistical Analysis Used:
This was analyzed using Chi-square test.

Results:
PTN group: Highest crack rates at the middle (55.6%) and apical (77.8%) thirds with maximum torque; OC group: Highest rates at the middle (22.2%) with minimal torque and apical (11.1%) with maximum torque.

Conclusions:
Maximal torque settings had more incidence of cracks compared to minimal torque settings. It can be stated that SFS (OC) produced less cracks compared to multi-file system (PTN) at both minimal and maximal torque settings.