bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Review of the south-west Asian genus Scotodrymadusa (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae): systematics, phylogeny and biogeography of an eremial lineage
Authors: Heller Klaus Gerhard , Ciplak Battal 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe genus Scotodrymadusa, distributed in south-west Asia, is revised based on previous materials and new specimens collected from new localities. A key to all species is presented. Paradrymadusa palaestina Uvarov is placed in synonymy with Scotodrymadusa philbyi (Uvarov). Scotodrymadusa anatolica (Werner), Scotodrymadusa rammei (Uvarov), Scotodrymadusa turcica Ramme, Scotodrymadusa amani Ramme and Scotodrymadusa kozana Ramme are synonymised with Scotodrymadusa syriaca Pictet. Cladistic analysis confirmed the monophyly of Scotodrymadusa. Relationships among the species of Scotodrymadusa are: S. cincta + (S. maculata + (S. persica + (S. persa + S. annulicornis + (S. ozkani + (S. philbyi + S. satunini + S. gedrosica + (S. ebneri + S. syriaca)))))). The biogeography of the genus shows a correlation with its phylogeny. It is assumed that the genus is an eremial form and arose from an ancestral stock in Iran plus east Anatolia before Pliocene and the later range of genus is mediated by the tectonic evolution of Anatolian, Iranian and Arabian plates.
Phylogenetic analysis of Gigantodax (Diptera: Simuliidae)
Authors: De Hoyos Paulina Muñoz , Miranda-Esquivel Daniel Rafael , Pinto-Sánchez Nelsy Rocío 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA study of the monophyly and phylogenetic relationships among the Gigantodax species-groups was conducted using all Gigantodax species and six outgroups. This analysis was conducted using 71 characters, 58 of them morphological characters derived from 66 species, and 13 of them cytological characters from 11 species. We conducted two analyses under linear parsimony and implied weights. To define the best concavity value we used the frequency index. The value that recovered the most of the groups was linear parsimony search. We obtained 2037 equally parsimonious trees of 277 steps (CI=0.37 RI=0.65). The second value to recover most of the groups was implied weight search with the concavity value of one. Only the igniculus and minor groups were recovered by both analyses (linear parsimony and implied weights K=1). Under linear parsimony the phylogenetic analysis recovered two species groups (igniculus and cormonsi). The remaining four groups (“brophyi”, “cilicinus”, “minor”, and “wrighti”) are non-monophyletic. Based on the cladogram we suggest the following species groups: igniculus (igniculus group), cormonsi (cormonsi group), minor (containing “minor” + “multifilis”), brophyi (G. antarcticus, G. brophyi, G. femineus, G. rufidulus, and G. trifidus), shannoni (containing G. bettyae, G. incomitatus, G. mariobordai, G. pennipunctus, G. septenarius, and G. shannoni), and rufescens (containing G. aquamarensis, G. arrarteorum, G. basinflatus, G. cervicornis, G. cilicinus, G. clandestinus, G. corniculatus, G. cypellus, G. dryadicaudicis, G. herreri, G. horcotiani, G. impossibilis, G. incapucara, G. nasutus, G. rufescens, and G. wrighti). Some species, previously assigned to “cilicinus”, “wrighti”, and “brophyi” groups are kept as inquerandae.
A new species of Potanthus from montane forests in Taiwan providing additional evidence of biotic relationship between the Philippines and the Asian continent (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae; Hesperiinae)
Authors: Chiba Hideyuki , Tsukiyama Hiroshi , Hsu Yu-Feng 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA previously undescribed, montane forest-dwelling Potanthus is reported as a species endemic to Taiwan. Its closest relatives are suggested to be P. flavus, distributed from the continental Asia to Japan, and P. niobe from the Philippines, based upon two synapomorphies in the genital structures of both sexes. This new species inhabits altitudes higher than all the congeneric members previously known from Taiwan. Its presence fills the gap in the P. flavus + P. niobe distribution between the Philippines and the Asian continent, demonstrating a biotic connection between these regions.
Systematics of the southern African genus Epirinus Reiche (Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae: Canthonini): descriptions of new species and phylogeny
Authors: Medina Claudia , Scholtz Clarke 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe genus Epirinus is reviewed. It consists of 29 species, including six new ones described in this paper: E. aquilus, E. hluhluwensis, E. minimus, E. ngomae, E. pseudorugosus and E. sebastiani. A key to all the species of Epririnus is provided as are distribution map and illustrations of the most important morphological features to distinguish the species. Phylogenetic relationships within the genus are investigated, using cladistic analysis of 79 morphological characters including male and female genitalia. Various synapomorphies support the genus Epirinus as a monophyletic group of species. They are: shape of the internal border of the eye, genital segment with short projections, and presence of sclerite “X” in the internal male genitalia. There is no support for the flightless species to be treated as a separate genus, as has been proposed in the past.
Larval morphology and biology of some European Anomalini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Rutelidae: Anomalinae). A phylogenetical approach
Authors: Galante Eduardo , Micó Estefanía 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe third instar larvae of five anomaline species, Anomala dubia (Scopoli, 1763), Anomala quadripunctata (Olivier, 1789), Blitopertha lineata (Fabricius, 1798), Mimela rugatipennis (Graells, 1849) and Phyllopertha horticola (Linnaeus, 1758) are described as well as their biological data. The analysis of the morphology of the four distinct genera studied revealed diagnostic differences in leg morphology, last abdominal segment, and spiracles. An approach to the phylogeny of the group based on larval characteristics is provided. Finally, the systematic position of Blitopertha Reitter, 1903 is discussed.
Genetic diversity, taxonomy, and phylogeography of the western Palaearctic water strider Aquarius najas (DeGeer) (Heteroptera: Gerridae)
Authors: Damgaard Jakob 
Published: March 2011

AbstractGenetic diversity and phylogeography was surveyed for the western Palaearctic water strider (Heteroptera, Gerridae) Aquarius najas (DeGeer) based on almost 780 bp of DNA sequence data from the mitochondrial gene encoding cytochrome oxidase c subunit I from 62 specimens sampled throughout its distribution area, and including the two related species A. cinereus (Puton) (6 specimens) and A. ventralis (Fieber) (3 specimens). 34 unique haplotypes were found for A. najas (55%), 5 for A. cinereus (83%), and 3 for A. ventralis (100%). A strict consensus tree obtained after a maximum parsimony analysis of the unique haplotypes was well resolved, and showed that while monophyly of A. ventralis was strongly supported, A. najas and A. cinereus were not reciprocally monophyletic in their mtDNA, since two clades from North Africa include a mixture of both species, and one specimen of A. cinereus from Sicily could not be assigned to any clade. All haplotypes were geographically well structured, and only one A. najas haplotype was widely distributed. This haplotype belongs to a clade with very little sequence divergence, which is distributed throughout Central and northern Europe, but includes also populations from northern Italy and northern Greece, thus indicating one or two possible refuges during the Pleistocene glaciations. Specimens from the Iberian Peninsula and Mallorca comprised a sistergroup to this clade, and show that the Iberian refugium did not contribute to the fauna of other parts of the European continent. Around the Mediterranean the sequence divergences for A. najas were much higher, especially in the Balkans, and on the islands Crete and Corsica. Whether the occurrence of these highly distinct lineages around the Mediterranean is due to extinction - or insufficient sampling - of intermediate haplotypes, or whether it indicates presence of unrecognized sibling species of A. najas and A. cinereus clearly needs further investigation.
Description of a new species of Drupeus Lewis (Coleoptera: Ptilodactylidae), with a discussion of the systematic position of the genus based on larval, pupal, and adult characters
Authors: Satô Masataka , Lawrence John , Lee Chi-Feng 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe new species Drupeus hygropetricus from hygropetric habitats in North Taiwan is described and illustrated. A cladistic analysis of ten examplar genera of Ptilodactylidae and three outgroups with 81 characters (47 adult, 33 larval and one pupal) strongly supports the monophyly of the Cladotominae and the inclusion of the genus Drupeus within that subfamily. The morphological adaptations of the immature stages of Drupeus to hygropetric habitats are discussed.
Strepsiptera and triungula in Cretaceous amber
Authors: Schawaroch Valerie , Kathirithamby Jeyaraney , Grimaldi David 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe first definitive strepsipteran is reported from the Cretaceous, named Cretostylops engeli, n.gen., n.sp., which is an adult male in amber from the mid-Cretaceous (approximately Cenomanian) of northern Myanmar (Burma). A triungulin from the Late Cretaceous (Campanian, c. 80 myo) of Manitoba, Canada is possibly a strepsipteran. The triungulin is described in detail but its morphology does not conform to any known clade of Recent strepsipterans. Other Cretaceous triungula reported here are in Burmese amber and are probably of the family Rhipiphoridae (Coleoptera), and bizarre (possibly coleopteran) triungula in mid-Cretaceous (Turonian, c. 90 myo) amber from New Jersey, USA. Phylogenetic analysis confirms the primitive position of Cretostylops among families of Strepsiptera, but it is not as primitive as Protoxenos in Eocene Baltic amber. Protoxenos and Cretostylops are still too highly modified to address the controversial relationships of Strepsiptera among insect orders, but the generalized structure of the mandible is inconsistent with the hypothesis that this order is the sister group to Diptera or closely related to Mecopterida. Phylogeny of living and Recent Strepsiptera suggests an origin of the order in the Early Cretaceous or Late Jurassic, which is also inconsistent with this order being a sister group to the much older Diptera.
Revision and phylogeny of the Neotropical genus Philothalpus Kraatz (=Eugastus Sharp and Allostenopsis Bernhauer) (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Xanthopygina)
Authors: Chatzimanolis Stylianos , Ashe James 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe staphylinid genus Philothalpus is revised. The species of Allostenopsis Bernhauer and Eugastus Sharp are shown to be congeneric with Philothalpus fervidus (the type species of Philothalpus), and consequently, Allostenopsis Bernhauer and Eugastus Sharp are placed as junior synonyms of Philothalpus Kraatz. Allostenopsis kraatzi Bernhauer is shown to be a junior synonym of A. antennaria Bernhauer. Seventeen species are described as new: P. asymmetros sp. n. from Ecuador, P. bilobus sp. n. from French Guiana, Guyana and Suriname, P. brooksi sp. n. from Colombia, Ecuador and Panama, P. chloropennis sp. n. from Panama, P. chotaenus sp. n. from Colombia, P. ecuadorensis sp. n. from Ecuador, P. falini sp. n. from Costa Rica and Nicaragua, P. loksos sp. n. from Colombia, Ecuador and Peru, P. mauroprasinus sp. n. from Guyana, P. nitidus sp. n. from Brazil, P. osanus sp. n. from Costa Rica, P. pecki sp. n. from Brazil and Peru, P. porphyros sp. n. from Ecuador, P. portokalis sp. n. from Ecuador, P. rufus sp. n. from Panama, P. rugosus sp. n. from Panama, and P. stravos sp. n. from Ecuador and Peru. Lectotypes are designated for Eugastus mundus Sharp, Philonthus fervidus Erichson, and Stenopsis kraatzi Bernhauer. Distributional maps, a key and illustrations of structural features including aedeagi are provided for the identification of the known species. Phylogenetic analysis of three outgroup and 21 ingroup taxa based on 43 characters resulted in three equally most parsimonious trees (CI = 0.48, RI = 0.66). The monophyly of Philothalpus is supported by high Bremer support and bootstrap values.
Revision of the bizarre Mesozoic scorpionflies in the Pseudopolycentropodidae (Mecopteroidea)
Authors: Grimaldi David , Rasnitsyn Alexandr , Junfeng Zhang , Fraser Nicholas 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe Mesozoic family Pseudopolycentropodidae presently consists of seven described species from the mid-Triassic to the Late Jurassic of Europe and Asia. Pseudopolycentropus prolatipennis Whalley, from the Early Jurassic of England, is revised based on re-examination of the type. Four new species are described herein that add significant distributional and stratigraphic extensions to the family. Pseudopolycentropodes virginicus Grimaldi and Fraser, gen. n., sp. n. from the Late Triassic (Carnian) of Virginia USA is the first species of the family from the Western Hemisphere. Pseudopolycentropus daohugouensis Zhang, sp. n. from the Late Jurassic of China is very similar to P. latipennis Martynov, 1927 from the Late Jurassic of Kazakhstan. Four specimens belonging to two very similar species in mid-Cretaceous amber from northern Burma (Myanmar), Parapolycentropus burmiticus Grimaldi and Rasnitsyn, gen. n., sp. n. and P. paraburmiticus Grimaldi and Rasnistyn, sp. n., are the only specimens of the family from the Cretaceous. The amber species are exceptional, with the hind wing reduced to a minute lobe, the antennal flagellum modified into an arista, labial palps are lost, and – like the Late Jurassic species — the laciniae and what are probably mandibles are modified into a long, stylet-like proboscis. What the species with long proboscides fed upon is ambiguous, but it was doubtfully blood. Complete preservation in amber of morphological details, particularly the female terminalia, confirms previous views that this unusual group is phylogenetically basal to Recent Mecoptera.
Phylogenetic position of the ant genus Acropyga Roger (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and the evolution of trophophoresy
Authors: Kjer Karl , Schultz Ted , Lapolla John , Bischoff Joseph 
Published: March 2011

AbstractTrophophoresy is exhibited in two ant genera: Acropyga (Formicinae), in which all 37 species are thought to be trophophoretic, and Tetraponera (Pseudomyrmecinae), in which it has been observed in only one species, T. binghami. This study analyses a dataset comprised of both morphological and molecular (D2 region of 28S rRNA and EF1-alpha) data. Evidence is presented in favor of Acropyga being monophyletic, hence trophophoresy has evolved only once within the Formicinae and twice within the ants overall. The data further suggests that Acropyga belongs within a clade containing Anoplolepis, Aphomomyrmex, and Petalomyrmex. Aphomomyrmex and Petalomyrmex were found to be the sister group to Acropyga. The results indicate that the Lasiini and Plagiolepidini are not monophyletic and are in need of reexamination. Given the extant pantropical distribution of Acropyga it is speculated that Acropyga maybe of Gondwanan origin and that trophobiosis was the first form of agriculture to evolve in the ants.
New genus with three new species of Thalassaphorurini (Collembola: Onychiuridae) from Russian Far East
Authors: Pomorski Romuald , Sveenkova Yulija 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThree onychiurid springtail species of a new genus are described from the Far East (Russia). Sensillonychiurus gen. n. clearly differs in its antennal III sense organ consisting of three guard setae only. The genus is placed in the tribe Thalassaphorurini. Within the tribe it is related to Detriturus Pomorski, 1998 which it resembles in the lack of d0 setae on the head.
Revision of the Neotropical Genus Roleta (Coleoptera: Lampyridae)
Authors: Yang P.-S. , Branham  , Jeng M.-L. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe genus Roleta McDermott is revised. This was a monobasic genus and its type species, R. coracina McDermott, is found to be a junior synonym of Calyptocephalus notaticollis Pic. Four other species of Calyptocephalus, C. austerus Olivier, C. hilaris Olivier and C. inornatus Olivier and C. cincticollis Pic, are transferred to Roleta; austerus and inornatus received mandatory changes to their specific epithets in the new combinations. A key to the species is provided. The systematic position of the genus is discussed.
Neoheterospilus gen. n., a new genus of the tribe Heterospilini (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Doryctinae) with highly modified ovipositor and a worldwide distribution
Authors: Belokobylskij Sergey 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA new genus Neoheterospilus gen. n. with an almost worldwide distribution and two subgenera (Neoheterospilus s. str. and Harpoheterospilus subgen. n.) are described. Seven new species of this genus are described and illustrated: N. africanus sp. n. (S. Africa); N. australicus sp. n. (Australia, Queensland), N. canberraensis sp. n. (Australia, ACT), N. cardaleae sp. n. (Australia, Queensland), N. insularis sp. n. (Christmas Islands), N. koreanus sp. n. (S. Korea; type species), N. subtropicalis sp. n. (Vietnam, S. China, Japan). New combinations of species originally described in the genus Heterospilus are given: N. coffeicola (Schmiedeknecht), comb. n. (Uganda, Tanzania; Brazil, Indonesia), N. curvicaudis (Belokobylskij), comb. n. (Vietnam), N. falcatus (Marsh), comb. n. (Venezuela). A new synonym is suggested: Pioscelus Muesebeck and Walkley, 1951 = Amazondoryctes Barbalhoa and Penteado-Dias, 1999, syn. n. Reduction of the first radiomedial vein of fore wing in the subfamily Doryctinae is surveyed.
Phylogenetic relationships among Praini (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) aphid parasitoids, with redescription of two species
Authors: Stanisavljević Ljubiša , Petrović-Obradović Olivera , Milutinović Marija , Tomanović Snežana , Tomanović Željko , Kavallieratos Nickolas , Starý Petr 
Published: March 2011

AbstractPhylogenetic relationships among four genera and 25 species of the tribe Praini (Braconidae: Aphidiinae) were investigated on the basis of 15 characters (13 morphological and two life history characters) using parsimony analysis. Areopraon Mackauer and Pseudopraon Starý are basal within the tribe. Both genera include species in which the external and internal types of pupation exist simultaneously [for example, Pseudopraon mindariphagum Starý, Areopraon lepelleyi (Waterston) and A. pilosum Mackauer)]. It can therefore be asserted that the external type of pupation behavior in the Praini probably originated in the polymorphic pupation behavior of ancient genera such as Pseudopraon and Areopraon. The genera Areopraon, Pseudopraon, and Dyscritulus Hincks form a monophylum separate from Praon. Areopraon is not retrieved as monophyletic. Species of the genus Praon Haliday possess conical apical spines on the top of the ovipositor sheath as an apomorphic character state. Within the genus Praon, we recognized the following closely related species groups: Parapraon + Praon dorsale-yomenae; and Praon rosaecola. Two Praini species are redescribed. Mesopraon Starý is a new synonym of Areopraon. Areopraon silvestre (Starý) and Areopraon helleni (Starý) are new combinations. A key to the recent Praini genera is given.
Ancestry of the orussoid wasps, with description of three new genera and species of Karatavitidae (Hymenoptera = Vespida: Karatavitoidea stat. nov.)
Authors: Ansorge Jörg , Rasnitsyn Alexandr , Zhang Haichun 
Published: March 2011

AbstractPraeratavites daohugou Rasnitsyn, Ansorge & Zhang, gen. et sp. n., Grimmaratavites mirabilis Rasnitsyn, Ansorge & Zhang, gen. et sp. n., and Praeparyssites orientalis Rasnitsyn, Ansorge & Zhang, sp. n. are described from the Lower Jurassic (Lower Toarcian) of Grimmen, NE Germany (G. mirabilis) and Middle Jurassic of Daohugou. Karatavitidae Rasnitsyn, 1963, is transferred from Ephialtitoidea into now paraphyletic infraorder Orussomorpha, and elevated to superfamily Karatavitoidea. The described genera, jointly with those earlier described in Karatavitidae and Paroryssidae, are found to form a smooth succession that model evolutionary transition from the basalmost Vespina toward the extant Orussidae.
Morphology, molecules and fritillaries: approaching a stable phylogeny for Argynnini (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)
Authors: Brower Andrew , Wahlberg Niklas , Simonsen Thomas , de Jong Rienk 
Published: March 2011

AbstractWe examine the phylogenetic relationships among 29 species of Argynnini based on 141 previously published morphological characters and new data from the mitochondrial gene COI and the two nuclear genes EF-1a and wingless. We investigate the stability and robustness of the resulting phylogenetic hypotheses through various combinations of the 4 functionally separate datasets. Increasing the number of datasets in combined analyses led to increased support for clades, sometimes substantially. We find that the tribe Argynnini is a well-supported, robust, monophyletic clade with the following internal subtribal structure: (Euptoietina (Yrameina (Boloriina Argynnina))). Our analyses support the classification of argynnine species into six robust and stable genera: Euptoieta, Yramea, Boloria, Issoria, Brenthis and Argynnis. We suggest that for moderate amounts of data, a total evidence approach is always best.
The phylogenetic position of Hydrovatus Motschulsky: evidence from larval morphology of H. caraibus Sharp (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Hydroporinae)
Authors: Michat Mariano 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe phylogenetic position of Hydrovatus Motschulsky was investigated based on a cladistic analysis of 18 hydroporine taxa and 69 characters from larval morphology. For this purpose, the three larval instars of H. caraibus Sharp were described and illustrated for the first time, emphasizing the morphometry and chaetotaxy. The resulting cladogram supported a sister-group relationship of the tribes Hydrovatini and Hyphydrini, based on three unambiguous synapomorphies: the absence of pore ANh, the proximal insertion of seta LA8, and the abdominal segment VI sclerotized ventrally. The strong development of seta AB5 and the absence of pore PAj are other two potential synapomorphies for this clade. The tribe Vatellini was resolved as more closely related to members of Hydroporini than to Hyphydrini. However, the support obtained for this relationship was weak, since no unambiguous synapomorphies were discovered. Larvae of H. caraibus are characteristic within Hydroporinae in the absence of an occipital suture, the presence of a galea (secondarily derived according to this study), and the absence of setae LA3 and UR8 and pores PAm and PAo. First instar larva is also unique in that the egg bursters are basally placed on the frontoclypeus and the claws bear ventral spinulae on basal half.
Systematic revision and cladistic analysis of the Neotropical genus Chroaptomus Sharp (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), with descriptions of two new species
Authors: Chani-Posse Mariana 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe genus Chroaptomus Sharp, 1885 (Staphylininae: Staphylinini), distributed from central Mexico to northwestern Argentina, is revised using characters of external morphology, including sexual dimorphism, and male and female genitalia. Chroaptomus comprises five species, of which two are described as new: C. centralis Chani-Posse and C. mexicanus Chani-Posse and Navarrete-Heredia. Other valid species of the genus are: C. flagrans (Erichson), C. regalis Sharp and C. coelites (Erichson) stat. rev. Lectotypes are designated for C. flagrans (Erichson) and C. regalis Sharp. Belonuchus richteri (Bernhauer), comb. n. is excluded from Chroaptomus. Belonuchus castaneus, new name, is proposed for Belonuchus richteri Bernhauer, 1922, which is a junior secondary homonym of Belonuchus richteri (Bernhauer, 1912). This article includes a redescription of the genus, redescriptions or descriptions of its five species, an identification key, photographs illustrating sexual dimorphic characters, drawings of genital features, a cladogram and a distribution map. The cladistic analysis shows that Chroaptomus comprises a natural group of five species, characterized by nine synapomorphies from the external morphology and male genitalia.