bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A systematic review of the effect of renal replacement therapy on the pharmacokinetics of co-amoxiclav
Authors: Al-Mahdi Sarraa , Patel Jignna , Sweatman James , Oakley Robert , Shah Reya V. , Standing Joseph F. , Lonsdale Dagan 
Published: June 2024

1.AbstractBackground & AimCo-amoxiclav is a commonly used antibiotic. Although, the dose administered during renal replacement therapy may be subtherapeutic. This study aims to describe the current literature on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of co-amoxiclav in patientss undergoing renal replacement therapy.MethodWe carried out a systematic review of the available literature in MEDLINE, Embase, Pubmed, and Google Scholar from inception to Oct 2023. Studies were included if they reported pharmacokinetic data on adults given amoxicillin or clavulanic acid during renal replacement therapy.ResultsSeven studies were identified which were published between 1984 to 2021. Variability was observed in the participant characteristics within the studies, the renal replacement therapy settings, the drug exposure, drug assay methods, and the analysis of the pharmacokinetic parameters.ConclusionFurther pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic studies are needed on co-amoxiclav during renal replacement therapy.
Determinants of quality Antenatal Care utilization in Kenya: insights from the 2022 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey
Authors: Asiimwe John Baptist , Namulema Angella , Sserwanja Quraish , Kawuki Joseph , Amperiize Mathius , Amwiine Earnest , Nuwabaine Lilian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionOne of the most important strategies to lower mother and newborn fatalities worldwide is providing quality Antenatal care (ANC). The utilization of quality ANC by women of reproductive age and associated factors remains unclear in many developing countries. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with the utilization of quality ANC in Kenya.MethodsWe analyzed Secondary data from the Kenya Demographic Health Survey (KDHS) 2022, which included 11,863 women. Participants were selected using a two-stage stratified sampling design. Using SPSS, version 20, univariate and multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the data.ResultsOf the 11,863 women, 61.2% (95% CI: 59.7-62.6) received quality ANC. Older mothers (aged 20–34) had a 1.82 (95%CI: 1.15-2.87) times higher likelihood of receiving quality ANC when compared with younger mothers (15–19 years old). Participating mothers who had attended 4 or more ANC visits were 1.42 (95%CI: 1.14-1.79) times more likely to receive quality ANC than those who attended 3 or fewer visits. Comparing participants with and without media access, those with media access were 1.47 (95%CI: 1.06-2.03) times more likely to receive quality ANC. Furthermore, the likelihood of receiving quality ANC was 1.93 (95%CI: 1.21-3.08) and 1.44 (95%CI: 1.01-2.06) times higher for participants in the richest and richer quintiles, respectively, than for those in the poorest quintile. On the contrary, the odds of receiving quality ANC were 0.25 (95%CI: 0.15-0.31) to 0.64 (95%CI: 0.44-0.92) times lower for participating mothers from all other Kenyan regions than for those from the coastal region. Participants whose husbands or partners made decisions for them to seek healthcare, compared with those who made decisions independently were 0.74 (95%CI: 0.58-0.95) times less likely to receive quality antenatal care.ConclusionThe study revealed that about 60% of mothers received quality ANC. Several factors associated with quality ANC were identified: age, region, maternal education, health-seeking decision-making, access to media (TV), time to the health facility, ANC visits, and ANC providers (doctor and nurse/midwife/clinical officer). Maternal health improvement programs should prioritize promoting access to education for girls. Additionally, interventions should focus on promoting shared decision-making and autonomy in healthcare-seeking behaviors among pregnant women and their partners, increasing access to care provided by skilled health workers, and addressing regional disparities in healthcare delivery.
Impact of Atrial Fibrillation with Rapid Ventricular Response in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure
Authors: Halhal Basheer , Bar Omer , Mohammad Suliman , Aronson Doron 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundRapid atrial fibrillation (AF) is considered to be a trigger for heart failure (HF) decompensation. Few data are available on AF (particularly with a rapid ventricular response) as a trigger for HF decompensation and its effect on clinical outcomes.MethodsWe studied 11,446 patients with acute HF. Rapid AF at admission was defined as ventricular rate ≥110 beats per minute, present at the first ECG performed after hospital arrival. The primary endpoint was in-hospital mortality.ResultsRapid AF (defined as ventricular rate ≥ 110 beats per minute) at admission was present in 609 patients (5.3%). In-hospital mortality occurred in 83 (13.6%) and 951 (8.8%) patients with and without rapid AF, respectively. In a multivariable Cox regression model, the HR for in-hospital mortality was 1.50 (95% 1.16 to 1.93,P<0.0001). With further adjustment for heart rate, the effect of rapid AF on in-hospital mortality was no longer significant (HR 1.11; 95% CI 0.83–1.50,P=0.48).From the original cohort, 419 participants with rapid AF in admission were matched on their propensity score to 419 patients with sinus tachycardia. In-hospital mortality occurred in 62 (14.8%) and 61 (14.6%) patients with and without rapid AF, respectively. Compared with the sinus tachycardia group, the HR for the in-hospital mortality in patients with rapid AF was 0.98 (95% CI 0.68 to 1.42;P=0.93).ConclusionRapid AF in ADHF patients is associated with increased mortality risk that is mediated predominantly by rapid ventricular rate. The magnitude of the AF effect is similar to that of sinus tachycardia, indicating that the underlying mechanism for the adverse outcome is not directly related to AF.
Greenness, Blue Spaces and Human Health: An Updated Umbrella Review of Epidemiological Meta-analyses
Authors: Wang XiaoWen , Feng Bowen , Wang Juan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe systematically summarizes and evaluates the relationship between green and blue spaces and human health through an umbrella review of epidemiological meta- analyses up to the year 2024. Green spaces have been recognized for their ecological services, including air purification and biodiversity protection, which contribute to the enhancement of life quality and well-being. The review highlights significant advancements in research methodologies and the emergence of new evidence linking green spaces with reduced risks of various health issues, such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and improved mental health.The study follows the PRISMA guidelines and includes meta-analyses from PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases, focusing on new evidence and methodological improvements. Inclusion criteria encompass studies on human populations, exposure to green and blue spaces, and health outcomes such as mortality, disease risk, and physiological indicators. Data extraction and quality assessment of evidence and methods are conducted using the GRADE system and AMSTAR 2 tool.The review finds that green space exposure is associated with reduced all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease mortality, incidence of diabetes and metabolic syndrome, low birth weight, and mental health improvements. Blue spaces also show positive associations with health outcomes, including reduced obesity rates and improved psychological well-being. However, the evidence regarding green space exposure and specific health outcomes like cancer, asthma, and allergic rhinitis remains heterogeneous and unclear.The review underscores the need for future research to address methodological limitations, incorporate various green space indicators, and explore the complex mechanisms of human-environment interactions. It concludes by emphasizing the importance of green and blue spaces in urban planning and public health strategies to improve residents’ health and quality of life.
How much strangeness is needed for the axial-vector form factor of the nucleon?
Authors: Hermsen Felix , Isken Tobias , Lutz Matthias F. M. , Thoma David 
Published: June 2024

We consider the axial-vector together with its induced pseudoscalar form factor of the nucleon as computed from the chiral Lagrangian with nucleon and isobar degrees of freedom. The form factors are evaluated at the one-loop level, where particular emphasis is put on the use of on-shell masses in the loop expressions. Our results are presented in terms of a novel set of basis functions that generalize the Passarino-Veltman scheme to the case where power-counting violating structures are to be subtracted. The particularly important role of the isobar degrees of freedom is emphasized. We obtain a significant and simultaneous fit to the available lattice QCD results based on flavor SU(2) ensembles for the baryon masses and form factors up to pion masses of about 500 MeV. Our fit includes sizeable finite volume effects that are implied by using in-box values for the hadron masses entering our one-loop expressions. We conclude that from flavor SU(2) ensembles it appears not possible to predict the empirical form factor at the desired precision. Effects from strange quarks are expected to remedy the situation.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Novel multi-material topology optimization method for multi-segmented permanent magnet motors
Authors: Hidaka Yuki 
Published: June 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop a novel optimization method that can improve the convergence of the multi-material topology.

Design/methodology/approach
In the proposed method, the optimization procedure is divided into two steps. In the first step, a global search is performed to probabilistically determine the material distribution of multi-segmented magnets. In the second step, the design area is limited and a local search is performed to determine the detailed magnet shape.

Findings
Because the first optimization step determines the arrangement of the magnetization vectors according to the rotational position, as in a d-axis flux concentration orientation, the optimal solution can be obtained with a smaller volume of magnets than the conventional method.

Research limitations/implications
Because a few case studies are considered in this paper, additional verification is required, such as application to different types of motors, to clarify scalability.

Practical implications
The solution obtained using the proposed method has a smaller amount of magnet than the solution obtained using the conventional method and can fully satisfy the average torque constraint.

Originality/value
The proposed method differs from the conventional method in that the material distribution is determined according to the probability function in the first optimization step.
No end and no beginning; race equity in higher education
Authors: Shakir Syra 
Published: June 2024

PurposeTo provide insights around navigating, coping and tackling racial inequalities at university through three key areas: peer support through sharing stories, motivating others in the call to action through developing an anti-racist socially just consciousness and student staff co-creation to build belonging and community at university.Design/methodology/approachVaried approaches are included around pedagogy, curriculum, peer support, using creative outputs, sharing stories and valuing student wisdom through co-creation underpinned by empirical research.FindingsI concede that establishing race equity in higher education continues to be an ongoing struggle, complete with trials, tribulations and trauma. As “The Forced Silence” outlines, to affect any changes in the institution or in the community and wider society, the changes have to take place at the peer level initially, as it is people and individuals who make up the system. This means that tackling racism is everyone’s business and we all have a responsibility for this work. Privileged folks who are seemingly disaffected by racial discrimination are indeed misguided, as racism is an illness in society and significantly harms our global community. Within higher education institutions, educators occupy a position of power (Hearn, 2012), which I argue we must use in a socially just manner to support all our students to succeed. By embodying and enacting care, compassion and respect within our practice, we can then instil the same in our students, just as we would do for our own children. Our students, just like our children, can then go into society as holistic and socially just conscious members of our community, which I argue is even more important than graduating with a good university degree.Originality/valueI use a range of original poetry and theory with a view to supporting my academic professional practice in higher education.
The relationship between inequality and poverty in developing countries: mitigating role of virtual social network and internet access in schools
Authors: Asongu Simplice , Agyemang-Mintah Peter 
Published: June 2024

PurposeThis research complements the extant literature on poverty and inequality by assessing the role of “virtual social networks” and “internet access in schools” in mitigating the incidence of inequality on poverty.Design/methodology/approachUsing secondary data, the focus of the study is on developing countries and the empirical evidence is based on Tobit regressions.FindingsThe study shows that inequality unconditionally increases poverty while “virtual social networks” and “internet access in schools” negatively moderate the effect of inequality on poverty. An extended analysis provides thresholds of “virtual social networks” and “internet access in schools” at which, the unconditional positive effect of inequality on poverty is completely dampened and above which, negative incidences on poverty are apparent. These attendant information technology thresholds are below average levels in the sampled countries.Originality/valueThe study complements that extant literature by assessing the role of virtual social networks and internet access in schools in mitigating the incidence of inequality on poverty in developing countries. Policy implications are discussed in the light of Sustainable Development Goals.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-09-2023-0695
Interlinkages between bilateral investment treaties and FDI flows to emerging economies: evidence from BRICS
Authors: Gupta Surbhi , Attree Arun Kumar , Thakur Ranjana , Garg Vishal 
Published: June 2024

PurposeThis study aims to examine the role of Bilateral Investment Treaties (BITs) in attracting higher foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows into the major emerging economies namely Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS) from the source developed, developing and other emerging economies over a period of 18 years from 2001 to 2018.Design/methodology/approachTo estimate the results, panel data regression on a gravity-knowledge capital model has been used. To account for the problem of endogeneity we have used the two-step difference Generalised Method of Moments estimator proposed by Arellano and Bond (1991).FindingsWe find that contradictory to theory and expectations, BITs result in a fall in FDI inflows in BRICS economies. BITs ratified by BRICS economies are not able to provide a sound and secure investment environment to foreign investors, thereby discouraging FDI in these economies.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to examine the impact of BITs on FDI inflows into the emerging BRICS economies. Further, the impact of BITs on FDI flows among developed nations, i.e. north-north FDI and from developed to developing countries, i.e. north-south FDI has already been studied by many researchers. But so far, no study has examined this impact on FDI among developing and emerging economies (south-south FDI), despite an increase in FDI flows among these economies. Therefore, this study seeks to overcome the limitations of previous studies and tries to find out the impact of BITs on FDI inflows in BRICS economies not only from source developed but also from source developing and other emerging economies.
Working with service robots in the dining room: Employees’ perspectives and realities
Authors: Mejia Cynthia , Crandell Hannah A. , Broker Emily , Shoss Mindy 
Published: June 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate restaurant and foodservice workers’ perceptions of working with a service robot and the extent to which the workers’ well-being was impacted by a mandated service robot adoption.

Design/methodology/approach
This study used a qualitative methodology where 42 US restaurant and foodservice workers from two organizations were interviewed. The data analyzed generated 1,302 coded segments that clustered into six overarching themes.

Findings
The findings from this research revealed that restaurant and foodservice workers who regularly use service robots in the dining room experience a complex set of issues and challenges related to robot reliability, management training and support, leveraging the robot to entertain the customer, feelings of dread, anger and frustration, and indications of decreased physical exertion as a proxy for well-being.

Research limitations/implications
As an initial qualitative investigation, the results of this study can be used as a starting point for quantitative investigations, as well as informing restaurant and foodservice industry stakeholders as to the best practices for a comprehensive and successful service robot adoption and integration.

Originality/value
This research presents an intersection between service robot technology acceptance with worker well-being using a broad range of frameworks including National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health’s Future of Work, SERVQUAL and technology acceptance models to gain a deep and rich set of service worker perspectives.
Multidimensional product market performance evaluation based on a weak expert comparative viewpoint mining framework
Authors: Wang Chao , Jiang Xiaoyan , Li Qing , Hu Zijuan , Lin Jie 
Published: June 2024

PurposeMarket evaluation of products is the basis for product innovation, yet traditional expert-based evaluation methods are highly dependent on the specialization of experts. There exist a lot of weak expert-generated texts on the Internet of their own subjective evaluations of products. Analyzing these texts can indirectly extract the opinions of weak experts and transform them into decision-support information that assists product designers in understanding the market.Design/methodology/approachIn social networks, a subset of users, termed “weak experts”, possess specialized knowledge and frequently share their product experiences online. This study introduces a comparative opinion mining framework that leverages the insights of “weak experts” to analyze user opinions.FindingsAn automotive product case study demonstrates that evaluations based on weak expert insights offer managerial insights with a 99.4% improvement in timeliness over traditional expert analyses. Furthermore, in the few-shot sentiment analysis module, with only 10% of the sample, the precision loss is just 1.59%. In addition, the quantitative module of specialization weighting balances low-specialization expert opinions and boosts the weight of high-specialization weak expert views. This new framework offers a valuable tool for companies in product innovation and market strategy development.Originality/valueThis study introduces a novel approach to opinion mining by focusing on the underutilized insights of weak experts. It combines few-shot sentiment analysis with specialization weighting and AHP, offering a comprehensive and efficient tool for product evaluation and market analysis.
Informal household-practiced urban agriculture as a contributor to sustainability and resilience: the case of Emirati neighbourhoods
Authors: Alhaddad Hadia , Galal Ahmed Khaled 
Published: June 2024

PurposeWhile urban farming is advocated as a contributor to urban sustainability and resilience, the “informal” household-practiced urban agriculture activities are taking place within urban spaces in most Emirati neighbourhoods but unfortunately without investigating their potential as participatory processes that could efficiently help attain urban sustainability and resilience on the neighbourhood level. So, this research is a humble attempt to bridge the gap of the lack of official recognition of informal residents-led processes and their products in a way that help understand them and their impacts and to explore the possibility of developing them further into wider community shared urban agriculture activities.Design/methodology/approachThe research adopted the case study method and selected a representative neighbourhood to investigate informal residents-led urban agriculture practices. The utilized qualitative–quantitative investigation tools included map analysis, field observation and in-depth interviews with the residents of the selected neighbourhood.FindingsThe results of the research have revealed that the residents managed to successfully pursue informal urban farming processes that have led to significant environmental, social and economic sustainability and resilience outcomes. While these informal urban farming activities are performed individually by each household, the interviewed residents have shown enthusiasm to take part in larger-scale collective community urban farming activities, especially in the deserted public and semi-public spaces in their neighbourhood.Originality/valueThe research outcomes significantly contribute to the growing worldwide discourse about urban agriculture/farming, especially in a country like the UAE where such activities are almost overlooked. Based on its findings, the research concludes by proposing a set of recommended actions to legitimatize these informal urban agriculture processes in the urban development regulations and to build on them to encourage the local communities towards more collective urban farming activities.