bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physicochemical studies of adenosine in the presence of aqueous caffeine and theophylline solutions, & sodium valproate with γ‐amino butyric acid in aqueous medium at T = (288.15–318.15) K and at p = 1 × 105 Pa
Authors: Beri Aashima , Kant Rishi , Banipal Tarlok Singh 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn human body, drug‐neurotransmitter interactions have been the most significant process. Whereas, adverse reactions may be accompanied by unexpected interaction, which puts an individual in danger of life. Thus, the interactions between adenosine (ADN) and sodium valproate (SV) with caffeine (CAF), theophylline (TPY) and γ‐amino butyric acid (GABA) have been studied. Various properties like densities, ρ and speed of sound, u, have been used to calculate apparent molar volumes (V2,ϕ) and apparent molar isentropic compression (Ks,2,ϕ) for ADN and SV in aqueous (5, 10, 15 and 20 mmol kg−1) CAF, TPY and GABA solutions at T = (288.15–318.15) K and at pressure p = 1 × 105 Pa. The results of various interactions that occurred by mixing the solutions have been interpreted. Exothermicity is indicated by the negative values of standard molar enthalpy of transfer, ΔtrΔdilH0, obtained from the calorimetry. UV‐absorption and 1H NMR studies suggest that there is a dominance of solute‐cosolute interactions due to hyperchromic shift and shielding effect.
Isolation and characterisation of Staphylococcus saprophyticus responsible for the death of two six‐banded armadillos (Euphractus sexcinctus)
Authors: Guo Chuangen , Sun Weitao , Cheng Wangkun , Chen Nan , Lv Yingjun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTwo six‐banded armadillos (Euphractus sexcinctus) suddenly died in a zoo in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China, after exhibiting weak breath, high temperature and nasal bleeding. Postmortem examination revealed dark brown appearance and enlargement of the visceral organs, and several granular white necrotic foci in the spleen and liver of the armadillos. Histological analysis revealed serious congestion, haemorrhage and multiple necrotic foci in the spleen and liver; the lungs exhibited congestion. A bacterium suspected to be responsible for the death of the armadillos was observed in the spleen and lung tissue samples. Several Gram‐positive cocci were observed in impression smear of liver tissue samples. Biochemical analysis and 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that the isolated bacterium was Staphylococcus saprophyticus, and the strain was designated S.S NH2021. Strain S.S NH2021 was resistant only to penicillin. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of S. saprophyticus infection in armadillo.
Fusion category symmetry. Part I. Anomaly in-flow and gapped phases
Authors: Thorngren Ryan , Wang Yifan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We study generalized discrete symmetries of quantum field theories in 1+1D generated by topological defect lines with no inverse. In particular, we describe ’t Hooft anomalies and classify gapped phases stabilized by these symmetries, including new 1+1D topological phases. The algebra of these operators is not a group but rather is described by their fusion ring and crossing relations, captured algebraically as a fusion category. Such data defines a Turaev-Viro/Levin-Wen model in 2+1D, while a 1+1D system with this fusion category acting as a global symmetry defines a boundary condition. This is akin to gauging a discrete global symmetry at the boundary of Dijkgraaf-Witten theory. We describe how to “ungauge” the fusion category symmetry in these boundary conditions and separate the symmetry-preserving phases from the symmetry-breaking ones. For Tambara-Yamagami categories and their generalizations, which are associated with Kramers-Wannier-like self-dualities under orbifolding, we develop gauge theoretic techniques which simplify the analysis. We include some examples of CFTs with fusion category symmetry derived from Kramers-Wannier-like dualities as an appetizer for the Part II companion paper.
Regulation of Notch signaling by non-muscle myosin II Zipper in Drosophila
Authors: Verma Dipti , Singh Ankita , Singh Jyoti , Mutsuddi Mousumi , Mukherjee Ashim 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe Notch pathway is an evolutionarily conserved signaling system that is intricately regulated at multiple levels and it influences different aspects of development. In an effort to identify novel components involved in Notch signaling and its regulation, we carried out protein interaction screens which identified non-muscle myosin II Zipper (Zip) as an interacting partner of Notch. Physical interaction between Notch and Zip was further validated by co-immunoprecipitation studies. Immunocytochemical analyses revealed that Notch and Zip co-localize within same cytoplasmic compartment. Different alleles of zip also showed strong genetic interactions with Notch pathway components. Downregulation of Zip resulted in wing phenotypes that were reminiscent of Notch loss-of-function phenotypes and a perturbed expression of Notch downstream targets, Cut and Deadpan. Further, synergistic interaction between Notch and Zip resulted in highly ectopic expression of these Notch targets. Activated Notch-induced tumorous phenotype of larval tissues was enhanced by over-expression of Zip. Notch-Zip synergy resulted in the activation of JNK pathway that consequently lead to MMP activation and proliferation. Taken together, our results suggest that Zip may play an important role in regulation of Notch signaling.
Morbus Castleman-assoziierter paraneoplastischer Pemphigus bei einer 16-jährigen Patientin
Authors: Bender Sebastian T. , Balakirski Galina , Kteiche Walid , Schmidt Enno , Hofmann Silke C. 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungDer paraneoplastische Pemphigus ist eine seltene, lebensbedrohliche Autoimmunerkrankung, die klinisch durch meist ausgedehnte und therapierefraktäre Schleimhauterosionen und polymorphe Hautveränderungen charakterisiert ist. Wir berichten hier über eine 16-jährige Patientin mit isolierten oralen Erosionen, bei der zunächst ein Schleimhautpemphigoid vermutet wurde und es unter Therapie mit Prednisolon und Dapson zu einer deutlichen Befundbesserung kam. Allerdings entwickelte die Patientin einige Monate später eine massive respiratorische Insuffizienz infolge einer Bronchiolitis obliterans, sodass eine Lungentransplantation geplant wurde. Im Rahmen der vorbereitenden Diagnostik wurde ein unizentrischer, abdominell lokalisierter Morbus Castleman diagnostiziert, was schließlich zu der Diagnose eines paraneoplastischen Pemphigus mit Nachweis von Envoplakin-Autoantikörpern führte. Durch die Tumorresektion und anschließende Lungentransplantation konnte ein guter Allgemeinzustand wiederhergestellt werden bei anhaltender mukokutaner Remission.
Analysis of the action mechanisms and targets of herbal anticonvulsants highlights opportunities for therapeutic engagement with refractory epilepsy
Authors: Tabassum Sobia , Shorter Susan , Ovsepian Saak V. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEpilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by spontaneous and recurring seizures. It poses significant therapeutic challenges due to diverse etiology, pathobiology, and pharmacotherapy-resistant variants. The anticonvulsive effects of herbal leads with biocompatibility and toxicity considerations have attracted much interest, inspiring mechanistic analysis with the view of their use for engagement of new targets and combination with antiseizure pharmacotherapies. This article presents a comprehensive overview of the key molecular players and putative action mechanisms of the most common antiepileptic herbals demonstrated in tissue culture and preclinical models. From the review of the literature, it emerges that their effects are mediated via five distinct mechanisms: (1) reduction of membrane excitability through inhibition of cation channels, (2) improvement of mitochondrial functions with antioxidant effects, (3) enhancement in synaptic transmission mediated by GABAA receptors, (4) improvement of immune response with anti-inflammatory action, and (5) suppression of protein synthesis and metabolism. While some of the primary targets and action mechanisms of herbal anticonvulsants (1, 3) are shared with antiseizure pharmacotherapies, herbal leads also engage with distinct mechanisms (2, 4, and 5), suggesting new drug targets and opportunities for their integration with antiseizure medications. Addressing outstanding questions through research and in silico modeling should facilitate the future use of herbals as auxiliary therapy in epilepsy and guide the development of treatment of pharmacoresistant seizures through rigorous trials and regulatory approval.
On the unification of centralized and decentralized clearing mechanisms in financial networks
Authors: Ketelaars Martijn W. , Borm Peter 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe analyze clearing mechanisms in financial networks in which agents may have both monetary individual assets and mutual liabilities. A clearing mechanism prescribes mutual payments between agents in a financial network to settle their mutual liabilities. The corresponding payments, summarized in a payment matrix, are made in accordance with agent-specific claims rules that stem from the vast literature on claims situations. The bottom payment matrix is the payment matrix that contains the minimal amount of payments required to clear the network. We explicitly characterize the bottom payment matrix as the result of a recursive centralized mechanism. We subsequently show that several types of decentralized clearing mechanisms lead to the bottom payment matrix as well. In fact, we show that this unification of centralized and decentralized clearing mechanisms relies on the composition property of the underlying agent-specific claims rules that dictate the payment mechanism.
Dietary Intake and Symptom Severity in Women with Fecal Incontinence
Authors: Andy Uduak U. , Iriondo-Perez Jeniffer , Carper Benjamin , Richter Holly E. , Dyer Keisha Y. , Florian-Rodriguez Maria , Napoe G. Sarah , Myers Deborah , O’Shea Michele , Mazloomdoost Donna , Gantz Marie G. ,   the Pelvic Floor Disorders Network
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Introduction and Hypothesis
The goal of this study was to determine whether dietary fat/fiber intake was associated with fecal incontinence (FI) severity.

Methods
Planned supplemental analysis of a randomized clinical trial evaluating the impact of 12-week treatment with percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation versus sham in reducing FI severity in women. All subjects completed a food screener questionnaire at baseline. FI severity was measured using the seven-item validated St. Mark’s (Vaizey) FI severity scale. Participants also completed a 7-day bowel diary capturing the number of FI-free days, FI events, and bowel movements per week. Spearman’s correlations were calculated between dietary, St. Mark’s score, and bowel diary measures.

Results
One hundred and eighty-six women were included in this analysis. Mean calories from fats were 32% (interquartile range [IQR] 30–35%). Mean dietary fiber intake was 13.9 ± 4.3 g. The percentage of calories from fats was at the higher end of recommended values, whereas fiber intake was lower than recommended for adult women (recommended values: calories from fat 20–35% and 22–28 g of fiber/day). There was no correlation between St. Mark’s score and fat intake (r = 0.11, p = 0.14) or dietary fiber intake (r = −0.01, p = 0.90). There was a weak negative correlation between the number of FI-free days and total fat intake (r = −0.20, p = 0.008). Other correlations between dietary fat/fiber intake and bowel diary measures were negligible or nonsignificant.

Conclusion
Overall, in women with moderate to severe FI, there was no association between FI severity and dietary fat/fiber intake. Weak associations between FI frequency and fat intake may suggest a role for dietary assessment in the evaluation of women with FI.
Chaotic Phenomena for Generalised N-centre Problems
Authors: Baranzini Stefano , Canneori Gian Marco 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe study a class of singular dynamical systems which generalise the classical N-centre problem of Celestial Mechanics to the case in which the configuration space is a Riemannian surface. We investigate the existence of topological conjugation with the archetypal chaotic dynamical system, the Bernoulli shift. After providing infinitely many geometrically distinct and collision-less periodic solutions, we encode them in bi-infinite sequences of symbols. Solutions are obtained as minimisers of the Maupertuis functional in suitable free homotopy classes of the punctured surface, without any collision regularisation. For any sufficiently large value of the energy, we prove that the generalised N-centre problem admits a symbolic dynamics. Moreover, when the Jacobi-Maupertuis metric curvature is negative, we construct chaotic invariant subsets.
Identifying Gut Microbiome Features that Predict Responsiveness Toward a Prebiotic Capable of Increasing Calcium Absorption: A Pilot Study
Authors: Ma Owen , Dutta Arindam , Bliss Daniel W. , Nakatsu Cindy H. , Weaver Connie M. , Whisner Corrie M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPreviously, we demonstrated that prebiotics may provide a complementary strategy for increasing calcium (Ca) absorption in adolescents which may improve long-term bone health. However, not all children responded to prebiotic intervention. We determine if certain baseline characteristics of gut microbiome composition predict prebiotic responsiveness. In this secondary analysis, we compared differences in relative microbiota taxa abundance between responders (greater than or equal to 3% increase in Ca absorption) and non-responders (less than 3% increase). Dual stable isotope methodologies were used to assess fractional Ca absorption at the end of crossover treatments with placebo, 10, and 20 g/day of soluble corn fiber (SCF). Microbial DNA was obtained from stool samples collected before and after each intervention. Sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene was used to taxonomically characterize the gut microbiome. Machine learning techniques were used to build a predictive model for identifying responders based on baseline relative taxa abundances. Model output was used to infer which features contributed most to prediction accuracy. We identified 19 microbial features out of the 221 observed that predicted responsiveness with 96.0% average accuracy. The results suggest a simplified prescreening can be performed to determine if a subject’s bone health may benefit from a prebiotic. Additionally, the findings provide insight and prompt further investigation into the metabolic and genetic underpinnings affecting calcium absorption during pubertal bone development.
An overview of the two-component system GarR/GarS role on antibiotic production in Streptomyces coelicolor
Authors: Cruz-Bautista Rodrigo , Zelarayan-Agüero Augusto , Ruiz-Villafán Beatriz , Escalante-Lozada Adelfo , Rodríguez-Sanoja Romina , Sánchez Sergio 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The Streptomyces genus comprises Gram-positive bacteria known to produce over two-thirds of the antibiotics used in medical practice. The biosynthesis of these secondary metabolites is highly regulated and influenced by a range of nutrients present in the growth medium. In Streptomyces coelicolor, glucose inhibits the production of actinorhodin (ACT) and undecylprodigiosin (RED) by a process known as carbon catabolite repression (CCR). However, the mechanism mediated by this carbon source still needs to be understood. It has been observed that glucose alters the transcriptomic profile of this actinobacteria, modifying different transcriptional regulators, including some of the one- and two-component systems (TCSs). Under glucose repression, the expression of one of these TCSs SCO6162/SCO6163 was negatively affected. We aimed to study the role of this TCS on secondary metabolite formation to define its influence in this general regulatory process and likely establish its relationship with other transcriptional regulators affecting antibiotic biosynthesis in the Streptomyces genus. In this work, in silico predictions suggested that this TCS can regulate the production of the secondary metabolites ACT and RED by transcriptional regulation and protein–protein interactions of the transcriptional factors (TFs) with other TCSs. These predictions were supported by experimental procedures such as deletion and complementation of the TFs and qPCR experiments. Our results suggest that in the presence of glucose, the TCS SCO6162/SCO6163, named GarR/GarS, is an important negative regulator of the ACT and RED production in S. coelicolor.

Key points
• GarR/GarS is a TCS with domains for signal transduction and response regulation
• GarR/GarS is an essential negative regulator of the ACT and RED production
• GarR/GarS putatively interacts with and regulates activators of ACT and RED
Explainable AI for CHO cell culture media optimization and prediction of critical quality attribute
Authors: Gangwar Neelesh , Balraj Keerthiveena , Rathore Anurag S. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Cell culture media play a critical role in cell growth and propagation by providing a substrate; media components can also modulate the critical quality attributes (CQAs). However, the inherent complexity of the cell culture media makes unraveling the impact of the various media components on cell growth and CQAs non-trivial. In this study, we demonstrate an end-to-end machine learning framework for media component selection and prediction of CQAs. The preliminary dataset for feature selection was generated by performing CHO-GS (-/-) cell culture in media formulations with varying metal ion concentrations. Acidic and basic charge variant composition of the innovator product (24.97 ± 0.54% acidic and 11.41 ± 1.44% basic) was chosen as the target variable to evaluate the media formulations. Pearson’s correlation coefficient and random forest-based techniques were used for feature ranking and feature selection for the prediction of acidic and basic charge variants. Furthermore, a global interpretation analysis using SHapley Additive exPlanations was utilized to select optimal features by evaluating the contributions of each feature in the extracted vectors. Finally, the medium combinations were predicted by employing fifteen different regression models and utilizing a grid search and random search cross-validation for hyperparameter optimization. Experimental results demonstrate that Fe and Zn significantly impact the charge variant profile. This study aims to offer insights that are pertinent to both innovators seeking to establish a complete pipeline for media development and optimization and biosimilar-based manufacturers who strive to demonstrate the analytical and functional biosimilarity of their products to the innovator.

Key points
• Developed a framework for optimizing media components and prediction of CQA.
• SHAP enhances global interpretability, aiding informed decision-making.
• Fifteen regression models were employed to predict medium combinations.
Does Prior Breast Irradiation Increase Complications of Subsequent Reduction Surgery in Breast Cancer Patients? A systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Pappas George , Karantanis William , Ayeni Femi E. , Edirimanne Senarath 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Reduction mammoplasty and mastopexy are potentially complicated by prior breast irradiation as part of breast conserving therapy. Associated tissue changes with therapeutic irradiation have led to surgeons deciding the risks may outweigh potential benefit for those patients.
A systematic review of the existing literature was performed to explore surgical outcomes of patients undergoing delayed bilateral reduction mammoplasty or mastopexy following unilateral breast irradiation as part of breast conserving therapy.

Methods
Medline, PubMed and EMBASE were searched from 1990 to 2023 according to PRISMA guidelines. Studies were combined by the generic inverse variance method on the natural logarithms of rate ratios (RR) using a random effect model in Review manager 5.4.1.

Results
Fifteen studies reported outcomes in 188 patients who underwent breast reduction (BR) following unilateral breast conserving surgery and radiotherapy. The median age at BR was 51.5 years (range 39–60), and median time since radiotherapy was 48 months (range 11.7–86). We compared outcomes for irradiated breast (IB) versus non-irradiated breast (NIB). Pooled results showed higher rate of major complications in the IB (RR 2.52, 95%CI 0.96–6.63, p=0.06), but not statistically significant. However, rate of minor complications was significantly higher in the IB (RR 3.97 95%CI 1.86-8.50, p<0.0004). Incidence of fat necrosis as a discrete complication was 2× higher in IB (RR 2.14 95%CI 0.85–5.35, p-value 0.10) compared to the NIB, but not significant.

Conclusion
We found breast reduction to be safe with acceptable risk of major complications. However, the overall complication rate remains higher in IB compared to NIB.

Level of Evidence III
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
Preparation and application of naringenin imprinted cryogel membranes for selectively separation of naringenin from natural environment
Authors: Demirtaş Emel , Odabaşı Mehmet 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNaringenin imprinted cryogel membranes (Nar-ICMs) were constructed for the selective separation of naringenin from the natural media. Acrylamide was used as functional monomer, while 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate was used as co-monomer. Nar-ICMs were subjected to some characterization analyses, e.g., contact angle measurement, swelling tests, FTIR and SEM. Selectivity studies of Nar-ICMs were carried out both in aqueous media and natural orange juice. In selectivity studies, gallic and caffeic acid molecules were used as competitor agents due to their structural similarity to naringenin. Some results obtained as follows: Contact angle values for Nar-ICMs and non-imprinted cryogel membranes (non-ICMs) were found to be 58.5° and 71.8°, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacities of Nar-ICMs and non-ICMs for naringenin were found to be 66.5 and 14 mg/g, respectively at an initial concentration of 2 mg/mL. The qmax and Kd values of the high-affinity binding sites of the obtained Scatchard plot were found to be 0.126 mmol/g (34.4 mg/g) and 0.16 mM (1.6.10–4 M), respectively. The selectivity of Nar-ICMs for naringenin was found as 1.99 and 2.26 times high when compared to gallic and caffeic acids, respectively. The adsorption of naringenin from natural orange juice with Nar-ICMs was found to be 843 µg/g.