bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complications of fractional CO2 laser resurfacing: Four cases
Authors: Fife Douglas J. , Fitzpatrick Richard E. , Zachary Christopher B. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveFractional ablative laser therapy is a new modality which will likely be widely used due to its efficacy and limited side‐effect profile. It is critical to recognize, characterize, and report complications in order to acknowledge the limits of therapeutic efficacy and to improve the safety of these devices.Study Design/Materials and MethodsThe photographs, treatment parameters, and clinical files of four female patients aged 54–67 who had scarring or ectropion after fractional CO2 laser resurfacing on the face or neck were carefully reviewed to search for any possible linking factors.ResultsPatient 1 developed erosions and swelling of the right lower eyelid 2 days postoperatively, which developed into scarring and an ectropion. Patient 2 developed linear erosions and beefy red swelling on the right side of the neck which developed into a tender, band‐like scar over 1‐month. Patient 3 developed stinging and yellow exudate in multiple areas of the neck 3 days postoperatively. Cultures grew methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Despite appropriate treatment, she developed multiple areas of irregular texture and linear streaking which developed into scars. Patient 4 developed an asymptomatic patchy, soft eschar with yellowish change on the left side of the neck. Azithromycin was started, however at 2‐week follow‐up she had fibrotic streaking which developed into horizontal scars and a vertical platysmal band. The treatment and final outcome of each patient are described.ConclusionScarring after fractional CO2 laser therapy may be due to overly aggressive treatments in sensitive areas (including excessive energy, density, or both), lack of technical finesse, associated infection, or idiopathic. Care should be taken when treating sensitive areas such as the eyelids, upper neck, and especially the lower neck and chest by using lower energy and density. Postoperative infections may lead to scarring and may be prevented by careful taking of history, vigilant postoperative monitoring and/or prophylactic antibiotics. Lasers Surg. Med. 41:179–184, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hypertrophic scarring of the neck following ablative fractional carbon dioxide laser resurfacing
Authors: Avram Mathew M. , Tope Whitney D. , Yu Thomas , Szachowicz Edward , Nelson J. Stuart 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBackgroundAblative fractional carbon dioxide (CO2) laser treatments have gained popularity due to their efficacy, shortened downtime, and decreased potential for scarring in comparison to traditional ablative CO2 resurfacing. To date, scarring with fractional CO2 lasers has not been reported.ObjectiveFive patients treated with the same fractional CO2 laser technology for photodamage of the neck were referred to our practices 1–3 months after treatment. Each patient developed scarring. Of the five cases, two are discussed in detail. The first was treated under general anesthesia on the face and anterior neck at a pulse energy of 30 mJ (859 µm depth) with 25% coverage. Eleven days after treatment, three non‐healing areas along the horizontal skin folds of the anterior neck were noted. At 2 weeks after CO2 ablative fractional resurfacing, these areas had become thickened. These raised areas were treated with a non‐ablative fractionated 1,550 nm laser to modify the wound healing milieu. One week later, distinct firm pale papules in linear arrays with mild hypopigmentation had developed along involved neck skin folds. Skin biopsy was performed. For the second patient, the neck was treated at a pulse energy of 20 mJ (630 µm depth) with 30% coverage of the exposed skin, with a total treatment energy of 5.0 kJ. Minimal crusting was noted on the neck throughout the initial healing phase of 2 weeks. She then experienced tightness on her neck. Approximately 3 weeks after treatment, she developed multiple vertical and horizontal hypertrophic scars (HS).ResultsHistopathology for the first case confirmed the presence of a hypertrophic scar. The papules in this case completely resolved with mild residual hypopigmentation after treatment with topical corticosteroids. HS failed to resolve in the second case to date after 1 month.ConclusionAs with traditional ablative CO2 laser resurfacing, HS is a potential complication of ablative fractional CO2 laser resurfacing, particularly on the neck. With early diagnosis and appropriate treatment HS of neck skin may be reversible. We urge caution when treating the neck with this device and close attention to wound care in the post‐operative period. Lasers Surg. Med. 41:185–188, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fractional nonablative 1540 nm laser resurfacing for thermal burn scars: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hædersdal Merete , Moreau Karen E.R. , Beyer Ditte M. , Nymann Peter , Alsbjørn Bjarne 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveBurn scars cause permanent and disfiguring problems for many patients and limited treatments are available. Nonablative fractional lasers induce a wound healing response, which may lead to remodeling of burn scar texture. This randomized trial evaluates efficacy and adverse effects of 1540 nm fractional laser versus untreated control for burn scars.Materials and MethodsSeventeen adult patients with burn scars of 1 year or older and Fitzpatrick skin types I–III were included in the study. Side‐by‐side test areas were randomized to (i) three monthly 1540 nm fractional laser treatments and (ii) no treatment. Blinded on‐site response evaluations were performed 4 and 12 weeks after final treatment. Primary endpoints were change in skin texture (0–10 categorical scale), pain and adverse effects. Secondary endpoints were change in skin color and patient satisfaction (0–10 categorical scales).ResultsPreoperative skin texture was similar and moderately uneven in treated and untreated sites (6 (5.5–8), P = 1). Postoperative laser‐treated skin appeared significantly more even and smooth compared to adjacent untreated control sides (4 weeks: 4 (2.5–6), P = 0.0015; 12 weeks: 4 (2–5), P = 0.0007). Patients were satisfied with treatments (week 12: 7 (4–8.5)) and 8/17 patients evaluated burn scars to be moderately or significantly improved. Skin redness increased transiently from laser treatments. No significant differences were found in skin pigmentation. Patients experienced moderate pain (5 (3.5–6)), erythema (17/17/16 patients, after first/second/third treatments), edema (9/9/8), bullae (3/0/3), and crusts (4/0/4). One patient had minor scarring. No adverse effects were seen in untreated control areas.ConclusionsNonablative 1540 nm fractional laser improves burn scar texture, which raises a new potential for future burn scar treatment. Lasers Surg. Med. 41:189–195, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Laser phototherapy as topical prophylaxis against head and neck cancer radiotherapy‐induced oral mucositis: Comparison between low and high/low power lasers
Authors: Simões Alyne , Eduardo Fernanda P. , Luiz Ana Claudia , Campos Luana , Sá Pedro Henrique R.N. , Cristófaro Márcio , Marques Márcia M. , Eduardo Carlos P. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveOral mucositis is a dose‐limiting and painful side effect of radiotherapy (RT) and/or chemotherapy in cancer patients. The purpose of the present study was to analyze the effect of different protocols of laser phototherapy (LPT) on the grade of mucositis and degree of pain in patients under RT.Patients and MethodsThirty‐nine patients were divided into three groups: G1, where the irradiations were done three times a week using low power laser; G2, where combined high and low power lasers were used three time a week; and G3, where patients received low power laser irradiation once a week. The low power LPT was done using an InGaAlP laser (660 nm/40 mW/6 J cm−2/0.24 J per point). In the combined protocol, the high power LPT was done using a GaAlAs laser (808 nm, 1 W/cm2). Oral mucositis was assessed at each LPT session in accordance to the oral‐mucositis scale of the National Institute of the Cancer—Common Toxicity criteria (NIC‐CTC). The patient self‐assessed pain was measured by means of the visual analogue scale.ResultsAll protocols of LPT led to the maintenance of oral mucositis scores in the same levels until the last RT session. Moreover, LPT three times a week also maintained the pain levels. However, the patients submitted to the once a week LPT had significant pain increase; and the association of low/high LPT led to increased healing time.ConclusionsThese findings are desired when dealing with oncologic patients under RT avoiding unplanned radiation treatment breaks and additional hospital costs. Lasers Surg. Med. 41:264–270, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of low level laser therapy (830 nm) with different therapy regimes on the process of tissue repair in partial lesion calcaneous tendon
Authors: Oliveira Flávia Schlittler , Pinfildi Carlos Eduardo , Parizoto Nivaldo Antônio , Liebano Richard Eloin , Bossini Paulo Sergio , Garcia Élvio Bueno , Ferreira Lydia Masako 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveCalcaneous tendon is one of the most damaged tendons, and its healing may last from weeks to months to be completed. In the search after speeding tendon repair, low intensity laser therapy has shown favorable effect. To assess the effect of low intensity laser therapy on the process of tissue repair in calcaneous tendon after undergoing a partial lesion.Study Design/Materials and MethodsExperimentally controlled randomized single blind study. Sixty male rats were used randomly and were assigned to five groups containing 12 animals each one; 42 out of 60 underwent lesion caused by dropping a 186 g weight over their Achilles tendon from a 20 cm height. In Group 1 (standard control), animals did not suffer the lesion nor underwent laser therapy; in Group 2 (control), animals suffered the lesion but did not undergo laser therapy; in Groups 3, 4, and 5, animals suffered lesion and underwent laser therapy for 3, 5, and 7 days, respectively. Animals which suffered lesion were sacrificed on the 8th day after the lesion and assessed by polarization microscopy to analyze the degree of collagen fibers organization.ResultsBoth experimental and standard control Groups presented significant values when compared with the control Groups, and there was no significant difference when Groups 1 and 4 were compared; the same occurred between Groups 3 and 5.ConclusionLow intensity laser therapy was effective in the improvement of collagen fibers organization of the calcaneous tendon after undergoing a partial lesion. Lasers Surg. Med. 41:271–276, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Characterization of the 3p12.3‐pcen region associated with tumor suppression in a novel ovarian cancer cell line model genetically modified by chromosome 3 fragment transfer
Authors: Cody Neal A.L. , Shen Zhen , Ripeau Jean‐Sebastien , Provencher Diane M. , Mes‐Masson Anne‐Marie , Chevrette Mario , Tonin Patricia N. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThe genetic analysis of nontumorigenic radiation hybrids generated by transfer of chromosome 3 fragments into the tumorigenic OV‐90 ovarian cancer cell line identified the 3p12.3‐pcen region as a candidate tumor suppressor gene (TSG) locus. In the present study, polymorphic microsatellite repeat analysis of the hybrids further defined the 3p12.3‐pcen interval to a 16.1 Mb common region containing 12 known or hypothetical genes: 3ptel‐ROBO2‐ROBO1‐GBE1‐CADM2‐VGLL3‐CHMP2B‐POU1F1‐HTR1F‐CGGBP1‐ZNF654‐C3orf38‐EPHA3‐3pcen. Seven of these genes, ROBO1, GBE1, VGLL3, CHMP2B, CGGBP1, ZNF654, and C3orf38, exhibited gene expression in the hybrids, placing them as top TSG candidates for further analysis. The expression of all but one (VGLL3) of these genes was also detected in the parental OV‐90 cell line. Mutations were not identified in a comparative sequence analysis of the predicted protein coding regions of these candidates in OV‐90 and donor normal chromosome 3 contig. However, the nondeleterious sequence variants identified in the transcribed regions distinguished parent of origin alleles for ROBO1, VGLL3, CHMP2B, and CGGBP1 and cDNA sequencing of the hybrids revealed biallelic expression of these genes. Interestingly, underexpression of VGLL3 and ZNF654 were observed in malignant ovarian tumor samples as compared with primary cultures of normal ovarian surface epithelial cells or benign ovarian tumors, and this occurred regardless of allelic content of 3p12.3‐pcen. The results taken together suggest that dysregulation of VGLL3 and/or ZNF654 expression may have affected pathways important in ovarian tumorigenesis which was offset by the transfer of chromosome 3 fragments in OV‐90, a cell line hemizygous for 3p. Mol. Carcinog. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mitochondrial bioenergetic background confers a survival advantage to HepG2 cells in response to chemotherapy
Authors: Loiseau Dominique , Morvan Daniel , Chevrollier Arnaud , Demidem Aicha , Douay Olivier , Reynier Pascal , Stepien Georges 
Published: April 2009

AbstractCancer cells mainly rely on glycolysis for energetic needs, and mitochondrial ATP production is almost inactive. However, cancer cells require the integrity of mitochondrial functions for their survival, such as the maintenance of the internal membrane potential gradient (ΔΨm). It thus may be predicted that ΔΨm regeneration should depend on cellular capability to produce sufficient ATP by upregulating glycolysis or recruiting oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). To investigate this hypothesis, we compared the response to an anticancer agent chloroethylnitrosourea (CENU) of two transformed cell lines: HepG2 (hepatocarcinoma) with a partially differentiated phenotype and 143B (osteosarcoma) with an undifferentiated one. These cells types differ by their mitochondrial OXPHOS background; the most severely impaired being that of 143B cells. Treatment effects were tested on cell proliferation, O2 consumption/ATP production coupling, ΔΨm maintenance, and global metabolite profiling by NMR spectroscopy. Our results showed an OXPHOS uncoupling and a lowered ΔΨm, leading to an increased energy request to regenerate ΔΨm in both models. However, energy request could not be met by undifferentiated cells 143B, which ATP content decreased after 48 h leading to cell death, while partially differentiated cells (HepG2) could activate their oxidative metabolism and escape chemotherapy. We propose that mitochondrial OXPHOS background confers a survival advantage to more differentiated cells in response to chemotherapy. This suggests that the mitochondrial bioenergetic background of tumors should be considered for anticancer treatment personalization. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Assessment of regional body composition with dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: Correlation of regional lean mass and quantitative strength
Authors: Skalsky Andrew J. , Han Jay J. , Abresch Richard T. , Shin Chris S. , McDonald Craig M. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to assess regional body composition and its correlation with regional strength in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) subjects and able‐bodied controls. Regional dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DEXA) measurements and isometric strength were obtained for 23 DMD subjects and 23 control subjects. DMD subjects showed a decreased regional lean mass (P < 0.001). The correlation between regional strength and regional lean mass was stronger for controls than for DMD subjects. DMD subjects had decreased regional lean mass, increased regional fat mass, and decreased strength. Muscle Nerve 39: 647–651, 2009
Ulnar entrapment neuropathy along the medial intermuscular septum in the midarm
Authors: Nakajima Masashi , Ono Nobuko , Kojima Tomoko , Kusunose Koichi 
Published: April 2009

AbstractWe report a patient with primary ulnar entrapment neuropathy in the midarm. Stimulation of multiple sites along the ulnar nerve showed a motor conduction block at a distance of 7.5–10 cm proximal to the medial epicondyle, where the nerve was compressed by the medial intermuscular septum. Anatomically, the possibility of ulnar nerve entrapment in this segment has long been suggested, and stimulation at least 10 cm above the medial epicondyle may reveal the entrapment. Muscle Nerve 39: 707–710, 2009
Equal strain consolidation for stone columns reinforced foundation
Authors: Xie Kang‐He , Lu Meng‐Meng , Liu Gan‐Bin 
Published: April 2009

AbstractColumn consolidation and deformation are considered by assuming that the quantity of water flowing through the disturbed soil zone into the column is not equal to that flowing out from the column and the difference between them is equal to the volume change of the column. In addition, three patterns of distribution of the horizontal permeability of soil in the disturbed zone are also considered to account for the disturbance effect of columns construction on the surrounding soil. These three patterns include the constant distribution pattern (Pattern I), the linear distribution pattern (Pattern II) and the parabolic distribution pattern (Pattern III). By incorporating the aforementioned characteristics into the analyses, the governing equations containing two variables (i.e. the average excess pore‐water pressures within the column and within the entire foundation at any depth) for the consolidation of a composite foundation are derived. The solutions of the governing equations are then obtained using a new initial condition derived from the assumption of equal strain and the equilibrium condition. On the basis of the solutions for excess pore‐water pressures, the average degree of consolidation of a composite foundation is obtained and discussed. Finally, a comparison is made of some available solutions. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A finite deformation mortar contact formulation using a primal–dual active set strategy
Authors: Popp Alexander , Gee Michael W. , Wall Wolfgang A. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractIn recent years, nonconforming domain decomposition techniques and, in particular, the mortar method have become popular in developing new contact algorithms. Here, we present an approach for 2D frictionless multibody contact based on a mortar formulation and using a primal–dual active set strategy for contact constraint enforcement. We consider linear and higher‐order (quadratic) interpolations throughout this work. So‐called dual Lagrange multipliers are introduced for the contact pressure but can be eliminated from the global system of equations by static condensation, thus avoiding an increase in system size. For this type of contact formulation, we provide a full linearization of both contact forces and normal (non‐penetration) and tangential (frictionless sliding) contact constraints in the finite deformation frame. The necessity of such a linearization in order to obtain a consistent Newton scheme is demonstrated. By further interpreting the active set search as a semi‐smooth Newton method, contact nonlinearity and geometrical and material nonlinearity can be resolved within one single iterative scheme. This yields a robust and highly efficient algorithm for frictionless finite deformation contact problems. Numerical examples illustrate the efficiency of our method and the high quality of results. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Antipsychotics in the treatment of schizophrenia
Authors: Parker Caroline 
Published: April 2009

AbstractIn the second of a new series of articles on the major psychiatric drug groups, produced in association with the College of Mental Health Pharmacists, the author discusses the use of antipsychotics through a review of the clinical literature. Pharmacology, interactions and side‐effects as well as drug choice and information to give to patients are discussed. Copyright © 2009 Wiley Interface Ltd
Current density functional theory for one‐dimensional fermions
Authors: Dzierzawa Michael , Eckern Ulrich , Schenk Stefan , Schwab Peter 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThe frequency‐dependent response of a one‐dimensional fermion system is investigated using Current Density Functional Theory (CDFT) within the local approximation (LDA). DFT‐LDA, and in particular CDFT‐LDA, reproduces very well the dispersion of the collective excitations. Unsurprisingly, however, the approximation fails for details of the dynamic response for large wavevectors.In particular, we introduce CDFT for the one‐dimensional spinless fermion model with nearest‐neighbor interaction, and use CDFT‐LDA plus exact (Bethe ansatz) results for the groundstate energy as function of particle density and boundary phase to determine the linear response. The successes and failures of this approach are discussed in detail (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Quantum gate design: A perspective
Authors: Geller Michael R. , Pritchett Emily J. , Galiautdinov Andrei , Martinis John M. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractWe give a general discussion of the problem of designing quantum logic gates for physical quantum computing architectures, and explain the use of perturbation theory and the concept of local equivalence (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Operator techniques in the Hopf algebra for a symmetric group within Racah calculus for Bethe Ansatz eigenfunctions
Authors: Jakubczyk Paweł , Jakubczyk Dorota , Lulek Tadeusz 
Published: April 2009

AbstractWe propose some operator techniques, applicable in the procedure of an immediate diagonalization for the Heisenberg chain, such as projection operators for subspaces with definite quasimomentum, total or partial spin, quasimomenta of strings etc. These techniques yield, in particular, matrices of appropriate Clebsch–Gordan coefficients, and reduce significantly the size of an effective Hamiltonian matrix. We apply the basis of wavelets to exploit the translational symmetry, along the Schwinger scheme of unitary geometry, applied to a single N‐dimensional magnon space (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Recent progress in open quantum systems: Non‐Gaussian noise and decoherence in fermionic systems
Authors: Neuenhahn Clemens , Kubala B. , Abel B. , Marquardt Florian 
Published: April 2009

AbstractWe review our recent contributions to two topics that have become of interest in the field of open, dissipative quantum systems: non‐Gaussian noise and decoherence in fermionic systems. Decoherence by non‐Gaussian noise, i.e. by an environment that cannot be approximated as a bath of harmonic oscillators, is important in nanostructures (e.g. qubits) where there might be strong coupling to a small number of fluctuators. We first revisit the pedagogical example of dephasing by classical telegraph noise. Then we address two models where the quantum nature of the noise becomes essential: “quantum telegraph noise” and dephasing by electronic shot noise. In fermionic systems, many‐body aspects and the Pauli principle have to be taken care of when describing the loss of phase coherence. This is relevant in electronic quantum transport through metallic and semiconducting structures. Specifically, we recount our recent results regarding dephasing in a chiral interacting electron liquid, as it is realized in the electronic Mach–Zehnder interferometer. This model can be solved employing the technique of bosonization as well as a physically transparent semiclassical method (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)