bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum Selenium Levels in Malignant Lymphoproliferative Diseases
Authors: Calautti Paolo , Moschini Giuliano , Stievano Bianca Maria , Tomio Luigi , Calzavara Fulvio , Perona Giuseppe 
Published: August 2010

Serum selenium levels were measured in 38 patients with malignant lymphoproliferative diseases (MLD) and in 34 non‐hospitalized healthy individuals. Selenium was determined by proton induced x‐ray emission.In Hodgkin's disease and non‐Hodgkin malignant lymphoma the mean serum levels of selenium were not different from those of the control group. On the contrary lowered mean serum selenium concentrations were observed in the group with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (5.2 + 0.7 μg/100 ml) as compared to normal individuals (7.9 + 0.3 μg/100 ml). The difference is highly significant (P < 0.005).A second selenium test was made in 11 out of the 38 patients within 8 weeks from the beginning of radiotherapy or chemotherapy; unchanged levels were found.
THE ICTH/WFH STUDY OF THE PARTIAL THROMBOPLASTIN TIME IN MILD HAEMOPHILIA
Authors: Ingram G. I. C. , O'Brien P. F. , North W. R. S. 
Published: August 2010

A study has been carried out in two stages to compare the sensitivity of different Partial Thromboplastin Time (P.T.T.) methods to partial deficiencies of factor VIII. In Stage 1, 63 laboratories throughout the world compared their own methods with a reference method, all using samples of the same three mild haemophilic plasmas. Wide variation was found between laboratories using the same method, especially for those methods which were not well standardised. There was fairly good agreement for the reference method. All methods correctly diagnosed the three mild haemophilic plasmas, but their factor VIII levels were rather low.Stage 2 was restricted to seven laboratories in Great Britain, comparing seven well‐standardised commercial methods and the same reference method. A much wider range of abnormal plasmas was tested, and a variety of normal ones. P.T.T.'s for all plasmas (factor VIII levels from 5 to 58 iu/dL) fell outside the normal range by all methods, with a few exceptions. It was not possible to rank the methods in any order.
Characteristics of the Factor VIII Protein and Factor XIII in Various Factor VIII Concentrates
Authors: Nilsson Inga Marie , Holmberg Lars , Stenberg Pål , Henriksson Per 
Published: August 2010

The in vitro properties of 5 factor VIII preparations (AHF‐Kabi, Hemofil Hyland, AHF‐Profilate Abbott, Kryobulin Immuno and Factorate High Purity Armour) and an ordinary cryoprecipitate were studied with reference to factor VIII clotting activity (VIII:C), factor VIII clotting antigen (VIILCAg), factor VIII related antigen (VIIIR:Ag) (EI, IRMA, CIE), ristocetin cofactor activity (VIIIR:RCF), fibrinogen and factor XIII. All the preparations with the exception of Factorate had higher levels of VIII:CAg than VIII:C indicating inactivation of the biological activity of VIII:C during the procedure. AHF‐Kabi (fraction I‐0) and the cryoprecipitate, the only preparations capable of normalising the defect in patients with von Willebrand's disease, showed the same level of VIIIR:Ag determined by EI and by IRMA, while all the other preparations (i.e. cryoprecipitates purified further in different ways) had considerably lower levels of VIIIR:Ag determined by IRMA than by EL Based on these in vitro techniques it seems to be possible to predict which preparations can be used successfully in patients with von Willebrand's disease, while no such conclusions can be made from VIIIR:RCF determinations.EI yielded similar concentrations of factor XIIIasubunit in all the preparations tested. 3 functional assays showed high factor XIII activities in AHF‐Kabi but low or no activities in the others.Thus, considerable differences were found of the in vitro properties of the proteins in 5 factor VIII concentrates and a cryoprecipitate. The action of proteases and the techniques used in the purification procedure are probably of crucial importance for the properties of the various factors.
The Release of Plasminogen Activator and Factor VIII after Injection of DDAVP in Healthy Volunteers and in Patients with von Willebrand's Disease
Authors: Nilsson Inga Marie , Holmberg Lars , ÅBerg Magnus , Vilhardt Hans 
Published: August 2010

Increases in plasma concentrations of VIII:C, VIII:CAg, VIIIR:Ag and plasminogen activator (PA) were observed in 50 healthy volunteers given i.v. injections of DDAVP (desaminocys1‐8‐D‐arg‐vasopressin). The PA activity reached its maximum immediately after the injection, VIII:C, VIII:CAg and VIIIR:Ag after 3040 min. However, a positive correlation was found when the PA and VIII:C responses in each of the normals were analysed.DDAVP was also administered to 3 patients with severe von Willebrand's disease. 2 of the patients displayed no changes in VIII:C, VIII:CAg, VIIIR:Ag or VIIIR:RCF and there was no increase in PA. The third patient responded with an increase in VIII:C and to a minor degree in VIII:CAg. This patient developed fibrinolytic activity, but in the lower normal range.In 3 other patients with mild von Willebrand's disease DDAVP caused increases in VIII:C, VIII:CAg, VIIIR:Ag and PA.We feel that the combined data may support the concept that one and the same target cell is involved in the DDAVP mediated release of factor VIII related activities and PA.
Erythrocyte 2,3‐Diphosphoglycerate and Adenosine Triphosphate in Polycythaemia Vera
Authors: Monti M. 
Published: August 2010

Erythrocyte 2,3‐diphosphoglycerate (2,3‐DPG) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) were measured in 16 patients with polycythaemia vera and found to be normal.The determination of erythrocyte organic phosphate concentration can be helpful in the differential diagnosis of different types of polycythaemia due to the lack of 2,3‐DPG rise in patients with polycythaemia vera, as compared to the 2,3‐DPG increase usually observed in patients with secondary polycythaemia.
Radiotherapy versus Radiotherapy plus Chemotherapy in Stages I and II Hodgkin's Disease.
Authors: Nissen Nis I. , Nordentoft A. M. , Brincker H. , Andersen E. , Jensen M. Krogh , Nielsen J. Boye , Pedersen‐Bjergaard J. , Jensen T. Skov , Jensen K. Bjørn , Videbæ Aa. , Pedersen M. , Walbom‐Jørgensen S. 
Published: August 2010

In a multi‐centre study in which data from all Danish Hodgkin patients have been registered since 1971, all patients in supradiaphragmatic stages I or II, as confirmed by staging laparotomy, were randomized to either radiotherapy (RT) to supra‐ and infradiaphragmatic lymph node regions (total nodal irradiation, TNI), or RT to a mantle field followed by 6 cycles of MOPP combination chemotherapy (RT+ CT).Interim results up to July 1979, when 237 patients had entered the study, showed a treatment failure rate of 19/117 in the TNI group and 4/120 in the RT+CT group (P < 0.05). 19 of the 23 relapsing patients were under the age of 40, and 14 in the TNI group and 3 in the RT+CT group belonged to stage II. 13 patients had nodular sclerosis, 9 had mixed cellularity and 1 had lymphocytic predominance histology. 12 of the 19 relapsing patients in the TNI group had hilar or mediastinal involvement as against 51 of the 117 patients in the entire group. Most of the TNI failures could be retreated, and as yet there is no difference in the overall survival.
Inhibitory Ability of Adherent Blood Cells from Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia on DNA‐Synthesis in Non‐Adherent Leukaemic Cells and PHA‐Stimulated Lymhpocytes
Authors: Unsgaard Geirmund , Lamvik Jon O. 
Published: August 2010

Mononuclear blood cells were isolated from patients with different types of leukaemia and studied in vitro with regard to cell functions – adhesiveness, phagocytosis, DNA synthesis and inhibitory effects of adherent cells on non‐adherent leukaemic cells and PHA stimulated lymphocytes.Cells from patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) adhered to the plastic surface of the culture dishes and showed esterase staining reactions as monocytes/macrophages. They showed a normal capacity to ingest Candida albicans, while the digestion capacity appeared reduced.Non‐adherent cells from CML showed a high ability to incorporate thymidine, indicating DNA synthesis. Adhesive cells from patients with CML inhibited DNA synthesis in non‐adherent CML cells and in PHA‐stimulated lymphocytes to about the same extent as adhesive cells from normal donors.Blood cells from acute myeloid leukaemia and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia showed no adhesiveness and a very low spontaneous thymidine incorporation.
In Vitro Colony and Cluster Growth in Haemopoietic Dysplasia (The Preleukaemic Syndrome).
Authors: Lidbeck Jan 
Published: August 2010

The growth and differentiation of granulopoietic progenitor cells from 15 patients with haemopoietic dysplasia were studied by in vitro culture in agar‐gel. After 14 d in culture whole colonies and clusters were transferred to glass slides and were stained with a modified Papanicolaou technique. The preparations were examined for cellular differentiation by counting the number of mature cells (band forms and polymorphonuclear cells) and a mitotic index was calculated from the number of mitotic cells. Patients with defective colony formation showed granulopoietic maturation defects and a reduced mitotic index was found in some colonies. Patients who had colony counts within the normal range, however, showed normal in vitro maturation.Defective colony growth in haemopoietic dysplasia generally indicates a malignant course and can occasionally be related to leukaemic transformation. The finding of in vitro maturation defects is an additional culture abnormality which may indicate a deteriorating clinical course. A defective maturation and a reduced mitotic index in vitro add support to the concept of clonal progression in malignant haemopoietic dysplasia.
Antibody‐Dependent Monocyte‐Mediated Cytotoxicity.
Authors: Kragballe Knud , Ellegaard Jørgen 
Published: August 2010

Antibody‐dependent cytotoxicity mediated by purified monocytes was determined in 42 patients suffering from acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Compared to 9 patients with acute bacterial infection and to 42 normal controls, patients with untreated AML exhibited deeply depressed monocyte cytotoxicity. Cytotoxicity was reduced in each of the cytomorphological subgroups of AML. Patients attaining remission showed the same cytotoxicity as patients not attaining remission. During remission monocyte cytotoxicity increased significantly, but normal function was not achieved. Patients receiving chemotherapy alone exhibited the same defective cytotoxicity as patients receiving chemotherapy plus immunotherapy with Coryne‐bacterium parvum. The termination of maintenance chemotherapy after remission for 1 year did not normalize cytotoxicity. Also the cytotoxicity of normal monocytes was not affected by patient serum.It is suggested that the reduced monocyte cytotoxicity observed in AML is related to the leukaemic process. The lack of complete normalization during the remission may indicate the continuous presence of an intrinsic defect of monocytopoiesis.
CRITICAL POINTS IN SECONDARY MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION TRIALS
Authors: CORTELLARO M. 
Published: August 2010

SUMMARYIn the Anturan Reinfarction Italian Study (ARIS) some specific and quantitative hemostatic parameters are being investigated at different times and in different series of patients balanced for sulfinpyrazone (S) and placebo (P) in order to ascertain if one or more of these parameters may be considered as forecasting elements. A series of 186 myocardial infarction (m. i.) patients was randomly allocated to S and P 15–25 days after the m.i. episode, and tests performed at treatment allocation and after 1, 6 and 12 months. In comparison with 44 healthy volunteers, the results have provided striking confirmation of “hyperactive” platelets in the early phase of m.i.: the bleeding time (BT) was shorter, β‐thromboglobulin (β‐TG) increased, PF4release increased, heparin thrombin clotting time (HTCT) shorter, and platelet sensitivity to threshold concentrations of ADP and collagen increased. Significant changes in BT, P F4release and HTCT persisted at successive testing times. Platelet aggregation by low collagen concentrations was inhibited in the S subsample patients.In a different series of young male patients who had had a m.i. 6 months previously, it has been shown that the P treatment subsample presented shortened platelet production time (PPT), increased levels of plasma ‐TG and PF4and increased factor VIII:RAg compared with a matched control group. The S treatment subsample presented normalized PPT accompanied by reduction of VIlhRAg but not of β‐TG or PF4. plasma levels. It will be possible to evaluate the prognostic significance of these results only when the above pattern in the parameters can be correlated with the major and minor clinical events observed in patient follow‐up, that is, after ARIS closes.Prospective clinical trials with platelet anti‐aggregating agents were started when it was realized that for such drugs to be defined as anti‐thrombotic it was not sufficient to show that they had an effect on platelet functionin vitroorex vivo, and only the demonstration that they are efficacious in preventing specific clinical endpoints would justify defining them as antithrombotic.
Histiocytic Medullary Reticulosis Complicating Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia: Malignant or Reactive?
Authors: Manoharan A. , Catovsky D. , Lampert I. A. , Gordon‐Smith E. C. , Galton D. A. G. , ‐Mashadhani Al 
Published: August 2010

We describe 4 patients with a haemophagocytic syndrome resembling histiocytic medullary reticulosis (HMR) complicating chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) of 9 months to 8 years duration. Surface marker studies in 2 cases showed that the CLL lymphocytes were of B‐cell type in one and of T‐cell type in the other. 2 of the patients had histological evidence of co‐existing immunoblastic sarcoma at the time of diagnosis of the HMR‐like syndrome and all 4 patients died within 3 weeks of this diagnosis.The pathogenesis of the HMR‐like syndrome in these patients is discussed and it is concluded that it is probably reactive to an underlying opportunistic viral function related to their immunodepressed state secondary to CLL and/or the cytotoxic therapy.
Multiple Myeloma in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis
Authors: Blade Joan , Montserrat Emili , Bruguera Miquel , Aranalde Joan , Granena Albert , Cervantes Francesc , Rozman Ciril 
Published: August 2010

A patient who had primary biliary cirrhosis and, simultaneously, multiple myeloma (IgG, lambda) is reported.In chronic liver diseases, polyclonal hypergammaglobulinaemia is common, monoclonal gammopathies have also been found in rare instances, being attributed to chronic antigenic stimulation of the reticuloendothelial system by antigens from the intestinal flora. The mechanisms (as chronic antigenic stimulation, immunologic disturbances and granulomata formation) which apply to explain the development of monoclonal gammopathies in other conditions are also found in primary biliary cirrhosis. It is postulated that, in this disease, the development of multiple myeloma could be not merely coincidental but also the result of chronic stimulation of the reticuloendothelial system.
Surface Antigens on Normal and Leukaemic Human Cells Detected by Monoclonal Antibodies
Authors: Morstyn George , Metcalf Donald , Burgess Antony , Fabre John W. 
Published: August 2010

Surface antigens were analyzed on normal human marrow and chronic myeloid leukaemic cells using 4 monoclonal mouse anti‐human antibodies. The fluorescence‐activated cell sorter was used to quantify the binding of each antibody to different subpopulations of cells, and sorted fractions were cultured in agar‐medium to assay for granulocyte‐macrophage and eosinophil precursors.All cells in the granulocyte series including colony‐forming cells bound a similar quantity of an antibody to the human leucocyte common antigen. This antibody did not bind to cells in the erythroid series. A monoclonal antibody to antigen present on brain, lymphocytes and granulocytes (and almost certainly homologous to the W3/13 antigen of the rat) bound to the cells in the order: blast > promyelocytes and myelocytes > granulocytes. The third monoclonal antibody was directed against a determinant of the leucocyte common antigen present predominantly on B lymphocytes and absent from the myeloid series. The fourth antibody, directed against the human homologue of Thy‐1, reacted with less than 1% of marrow cells, none of which appeared to be granulocyte or eosinophil progenitors. The leucocyte common antigen and the brain‐lymphocyte‐granulocyte‐antigen were also present on colony‐ and cluster‐forming cells from a patient with chronic myeloid leukaemia. Using the low angle and wide angle light scatter properties of CML blood cells, 7‐fold enrichment was obtained for progenitor cells from chronic myeloid leukaemia. With the monoclonal antibodies up to 4‐fold enrichment was obtained.
Non‐Specific Iron in Patients with Beta‐Thalassaemia Trait and Chronic Active Hepatitis
Authors: Fargion Silvia , Cappellini M. Domenica , Sampietro Maurizio , Fiorelli Gemino 
Published: August 2010

A non‐specific iron fraction, not bound to transferrin, has been looked for in the sera of 42 never‐transfused patients with beta‐thalassaemia trait, 17 of whom had chronic active hepatitis, negative for HBV infection or alcohol abuse. Non‐specific iron was found only in the sera of those patients with beta‐thalassaemia trait plus chronic active hepatitis who had complete transferrin saturation, high serum ferritin levels and urinary iron excretion and a high degree of hepatic siderosis. In view of the known toxicity of non‐transferrin iron, we suggest that this non‐transferrin iron fraction may be responsible for the liver damage in these patients.Furthermore, the positive correlation between the presence and the amount of non‐transferrin iron and the levels of serum ferritin suggests that this fraction is a sensitive indicator of iron‐induced toxicity when severe iron overload slowly develops in patients with beta‐thalassaemia trait even in the absence of any iron administration.
Chromosomal, Morphological and Clinical Correlations in Blastic Crisis of Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia A Study of 69 Cases
Authors: Alimena G. , Dallapiccola B. , Gastaldi R. , Mandelli F. , Brandt L. , Mitelman F. , Nilsson P. G. 
Published: August 2010

The karyotypic pattern in 69 patients with Ph1‐positive chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) was investigated during the blastic phase (BC) and correlated with survival and certain parameters of potential prognostic significance, including blast morphology, basophilia and thrombocytopenia.There was no difference in median survival in BC between patients with and without aberrations in addition to the Ph1. Nor were there any differences in this respect among patients with the specific aberrations +Ph1, +8, iso(17q), or other abnormalities. There was no correlation between the incidence of thrombocytopenia and any particular karyotypic change. However, the incidence of basophilia was a characteristic feature for patients with an iso(17q).The survival time in BC was considerably longer in patients with a lymphoid morphology of the blastic cells compared to the myeloid varieties, and within the myeloid varieties the survival in BC was longer in patients with granular differentiated blasts than in those with granular atypical blast cells.No obvious correlation was apparent between blast morphology and karyotypic pattern. However, a pattern was discernible regarding survival and certain chromosomal changes within some morphologic groups: in patients with granular differentiated and lymphoid morphology, the median survival in BC was considerably longer when the bone marrow cells had a Ph1 as the sole abnormality compared to patients who had additional aberrations.
Diurnal Variations in Cobalamin Binding Plasma Proteins
Authors: Brynskov Jørn , Gimsing Peter 
Published: August 2010

The diurnal variations in cobalamin‐binding plasma proteins were studied in 10 healthy volunteers. The unsaturated cobalamin‐binding capacities of transcobalamins (TC‐II and R‐binders), P‐cobalamin and P‐protein were measured every third hour during 24 h. Only small variations within an interval of ± 20% were found. Highly significant decrements during the night were a uniform finding. After correction for variations of total plasma protein, the changes became less prominent, but still significant for P‐cobalamin and P‐R‐binders. Hence the mean values of P‐R‐binders and P‐cobalamin were 113 and 533 pmol/1 at 9:00 h, and decreased 12 and 8%, respectively, at 3:00 h.When using cobalamin binding plasma proteins in the monitoring of various malignant, haematological and autoimmune disorders, the specimens should, therefore, be collected at defined hours and in a uniform posture.
Collagen and Bleeding Diathesis in Ehlers‐Danlos Syndrome
Authors: Udén Alf 
Published: August 2010

Financial support was obtained from the Herman Järnhardt's Foundation.There are at least 7 variants of Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome (EDS). One family with type 1, one with type 3 and one isolated case with an undefined type of EDS are described. They all had bleeding symptoms, but surgery had been performed without complications. Collagen is believed to be defective in EDS. However, in our cases the platelet aggregating power of the collagen was normal. The bleeding time (Ivy) was slightly prolonged. Extensive examination of the haemostatic process revealed a decreased platelet adhesiveness in only 2 of the patients, a finding believed to be coincidental. The history of former operations on the patients and on affected relatives is considered to be the best guide in determining the risk of an operation, but preoperative estimation of the bleeding time is recommended.
High Dose Cytosine Arabinoside in the Management of Refractory Acute Leukaemia
Authors: Willemze R. , Zwaan F. E. , Colpin G. , Keuning J. J. 
Published: August 2010

17 patients (age 15–58 years) with refractory acute leukaemia (14 AML, 3 ALL) were treated with high dose cytosine arabinoside (AraC) at a dose of 3000 mg/m2, twice daily for 6 d (13 patients with AraC alone, 4 patients with AraC and doxorubicin). 9 patients achieved complete remission (53 %) and 2 a partial remission. Although sophisticated isolation and blood banking facilities are required during the pancytopenic period, the toxicity of this treatment was acceptable. Vomiting, headache, somnolence, fever, conjunctivitis and cardiac arrhythmias were found most frequently. The unexpected pulmonary failure in 3 patients was worrisome. The duration of remissions was from 1 to 12 months.Results obtained with high dose AraC are satisfactory and hold promise for the treatment of patients with previously untreated AML.
In Situ Labelling of Bone Marrow Lymphocytes with Fluorescein Isothiocyanate for Lymphocyte Migration Studies in Pigs
Authors: Pabst R. , Kaatz M. , Westermann J. 
Published: August 2010

In normal young pigs, the femoral artery and vein were cannulated and after occluding other vessels to one hind leg they were connected to an extracorporeal perfusion system. Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) was added to the perfusate to selectively label cells in the bone marrow.Large numbers (˜0.9 × 109) of labelled lymphocytes left the bone marrow of one leg within 1 d and migrated via the blood to the bone marrow in other bones, lymph nodes, spleen, Peyer's patches and even into the thymus. On average 1.7% of the lymphocytes in the blood and about 1 % within the spleen were labelled. Peyer's patches and the thymus showed very low indices. Thus the bone marrow is an integral part of the migratory route of lymphocytes. Selective labelling of bone marrow cells in their normal microenvironment with FITC is a suitable method for studies of cell migration from the bone marrow.