bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Profil Proses Berpikir Kreatif Matematis Siswa dalam Pemecahan Masalah Open-Ended Berdasarkan Teori Wallas
Authors: Febriani Siwi , Ratu Novisita 
Published: May 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui profil berpikir kreatif siswa dalam menyelesaikan masalah Open-Ended berdasarkan teori Wallas. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 3 siswa yang berkemampuan tinggi, sedang, dan rendah SMP Pangudi Luhur Salatiga yang ditentukan dengan purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah tes, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Instrumen penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah peneliti sendiri dan dibantu oleh instrumen pendukung berupa soal tes dan pedoman wawancara. Teknik validitas instrumen yang digunakan adalah uji triangulasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan mencakup transkrip hasil wawancara, reduksi data, analisis, dan triangulasi. Hasil penelitian Siswa yang berkemampuan tinggi bisa melewati tahap persiapan dan inkubasi dengan baik, tetapi melewati tahap iluminasi dan verifikasi dengan cukup. Hasil penelitian Siswa yang berkemampuan sedang bisa melewati tahap persiapan dan inkubasi dengan baik, tetapi melewati tahap iluminasi dan verifikasi dengan cukup. Hasil penelitian Siswa yang berkemampuan rendah melewati setiap tahap dengan kurang.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah pada Materi Pola Bilangan di Kelas VII Sekolah Menengah Pertama
Authors: Maryati Iyam 
Published: May 2024

Artikel ini menyajikan bagaimana model Pembelajaran Berbasih Masalah diterapkan pada materi pola bilangan di kelas VII Sekolah Menengah Pertama. Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah (Problem Based Learning) adalah suatu pendekatan pembelajaran yang menggunakan masalah dunia nyata sebagai suatu konteks bagi siswa untuk belajar tentang cara berfikir kritis dan keterampilan pemecahan masalah, serta untuk memperoleh pengetahuan dan konsep yang esensial dari materi pelajaran. Pembelajaran berbasis masalah digunakan untuk merangsang berfikir tingkat tinggi dalam situasi berorientasi masalah, termasuk didalamnya belajar bagaimana belajar. Adapun langkah-langkah dari model pembelajaran tersebut memiliki 5 tahapan yaitu 1) Tahap orientasi peserta didik pada masalah, 2) Tahap mengorganisasi peserta didik dalam belajar. 3) Tahap membimbing penyelidikan secara individu maupun kelompok. 4) Tahap mengembangkan dan menyajikan hasil karya. 5) Tahap menganalisa dan mengevaluasi proses pemecahan masalah. Selanjutnya bagaimana aktifitas guru dan siswa dalam model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah (Problem Based Learning) dalam materi pola bilangan akan dibahas dalam artikel ini.
Profil Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Siswa SMP Pangudi Luhur Salatiga ditinjau dari Berpikir Kritis
Authors: Mahardiningrum Anita Sri , Ratu Novisita 
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan langkah-langkah penyelesaian yang ditempuh siswa dalam menyelesaikan masalah matematika berdasarkan tahapan Polya pada siswa SMP ditinjau dari berpikir kritis FRISCO (Fokus, Reason, Inference, Situasion, Clarity, and Overview). Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengambilan subjek menggunakan purposive sampling dan diperoleh 3 subjek yang diambil dari siswa SMP Pangudi Luhur Salatiga dengan kategori berkemampuan tinggi, sedang dan rendah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa profil pemecahan masalah subjek pada tahap: (1) Memahami masalah, subjek kategori tinggi dan sedang mampu menentukan apa yang diketahui dan ditanyakan dengan tepat serta memenuhi kriteria berpikir kritis FRISCO, sedangkan subjek kategori rendah belum mampu (2) Menyusun rencana pemecahan masalah, subjek kategori tinggi dan sedang mampu menentukan keterkaitan antara informasi serta memenuhi kriteria FRISCO, sedangkan subjek kategori rendah tidak memenuhi kriteria; (3) Melaksanakan rencana pemecahan, subjek kategori tinggi dan sedang mampu menggunakan langkah-langkah melaksanakan rencana, serta memenuhi kriteria berpikir kritis FRISCO, kategori rendah tidak memenuhi kriteria berpikir kritis.
Profil Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Matematis Siswa SMP dengan Graded Response Models
Authors: Alexandra Gita , Ratu Novisita 
Published: May 2024

Kemampuan berpikir kritis merupakan elemen penting yang harus dimiliki siswa di sekolah. Namun kenyataannya kemampuan berpikir kritis yang dimiliki siswa saat ini berada pada kategori rendah. Salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan untuk melatih berpikir kritis adalah dengan membiasakan siswa berlatih soal untuk mengembangkan pemikirannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan profil kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa SMP dengan Graded Response Models (GRM). Kriteria berpikir kritis yang dijadikan acuan dalam penelitian ini adalah FRISCO (focus, reason, inference, situation, clarity dan overview). Subjek penelitian adalah 3 orang siswa SMP Pangudi Luhur Salatiga. Ketiga subjek diambil berdasarkan tiga kategori, yaitu siswa dengan kategori kemampuan tinggi yaitu subjek A, berkemampuan sedang yaitu subjek B dan berkemampuan rendah yaitu subjek C. Hasil estimasi parameter kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa menunjukan bahwa subjek A memenuhi kriteria (focus, reason, clarity dan overview). Subjek B memenuhi kriteria (reason dan clarity). Subjek C memenuhi kriteria (situation). Berdasarkan perhitungan estimasi parameter butir soal dengan GRM, ketiga subjek memiliki kemampuan berpikir kritis rata-rata dengan nilai kemampuan antara 1,00 sampai -1,00.
Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dan Hypothetical Learning Trajectory yang Berorientasi pada Kemampuan Penalaran Matematis Siswa
Authors: Khoirudin  , Rizkianto Ilham 
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini adalah research and development (R&D) yang bertujuan untuk mengembangkan perangkat pembelajaran berupa RPP dan LKS dengan pendekatan problem based learning dan hypothetical learning trajectory yang berorientasi pada kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII A SMP Negeri 1 galur dengan jumlah siswa sebanyak 22 siswa. Prosedur pengembangan penelitian ini adalah model ADDIE yang terdiri dari Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, dan Evaluation. RPP dan LKS yang telah dikembangkan divalidasi dan direvisi sehingga layak untuk digunakan. Berdasarkan hasil penilaian kevalidan, RPP memenuhi kriteria sangat valid, sedangkan LKS memenuhi kriteria valid. Berdasarkan hasil penilaian kepraktisan, perangkat pembelajaran memenuhi kriteria sangat praktis dengan perolehan skor angket respon siswa 3,38 pada skala 4 dan angket respon guru 3,73 pada skala 4. Berdasarkan penilaian keefektifan dari tes kemampuan penalaran matematis diperoleh nilai rata-rata kelas yaitu 88 dan siswa yang memperoleh nilai minimal pada kategori “baik” sebesar 91%. Keefektifan perangkat pembelajaran pada kemampuan penalaran matematis didukung oleh one sample t-test dengan taraf signifikansi 0,05.
This research is a research and development (R&D) that aims to develop mathematics learning material that includes lesson plans and student worksheets based on a problem-based learning approach and hypothetical learning trajectory with an orientation on students’ mathematical reasoning skills. The subjects of this study were the students of class VII A SMP Negeri 1 Galur with a total of 22 students. The present study used the ADDIE model, consisting of Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The lesson plans and student worksheets were validated and underwent several revisions to obtain appropriate results for use. Based on the result of the validation assessment, the lesson plan is “very valid”, while the validation assessment of student worksheets is “valid”. Based on the result of practicality, the learning material is “very practical” with 3.38 on a scale of 4 of the student questionnaire and 3.73 on a scale of 4 of the teacher questionnaire. Based on the effectiveness assessment using the mathematical reasoning student’s skill test, the average score of the class is 88 and 91% of students have minimum mathematical reasoning skills in the “good” category. The effectiveness of the learning material on mathematical reasoning students’ skills is also proved by one sample t-test with a level of significance 0.05.
A study on the impact of Magnesium on the Glycemic regulation
Authors: Kumari Jyoti , Kant Dev , Prasad Anant 
Published: May 2024

Objectives: The present study was to evaluate the impact of magnesium on glycemic regulation and also evaluate the changes of glycemic control indicators in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
Methods: A total of 50 subjects aged 30–60 years with the FBS of more than 126 mg/dL who had been recently diagnosed with T2D (maximum one year) and were being treated with antidiabetic drugs were enrolled in the present study. All the subjects were instructed to follow a prescribed diet plan for one week to stabilize their serum glucose level (30% of total energy as fat, 15% of energy as protein, and 55% of energy as carbohydrate-focused, from complex carbohydrates). Both groups were instructed to consume a healthy diet of fruits and vegetables (five serving per day), legumes, nuts and whole grains. The intervention group consisted of 25 participants who were on Mg supplementation for three months. The control group (25 participants) were not received any type of supplement throughout the intervention period. Body weight and height were measured to calculate body mass index (BMI). All measurements and indicators were taken at the base line (Pre) and after three months of intervention (post changes). Results: Mean age group of intervention and control group was not significant (p=0.118). In both group, males were more preponderance than females. When we compared the mean BMI, HbA1C, C-peptide (ng/mL), HOMA.?%, and Mg (mg/dL) between intervention and control group subjects respectively. P-value was found to be 0.512, 0.588, 0.117, 0.606, 0.317, and 0.235 respectively. Mean FBS of interventional group patients was significantly (p=0.011) reduced in post intervention as compared to pre intervention. While in control group, mean FBS was not significant differences (p=0.184). Mean Ca of interventional group subjects was extreme significantly (p<0.0001) decreased in post intervention as compared to preintervention. While in control group subjects, mean Ca was not significantly decreased in post-test as compared to pre-test.
In interventional group subjects, mean Mg was highly significantly (p=002) increased in post intervention as compared to pre intervention. While in control group subjects, mean Mg level was extreme significantly (p<0.0001) reduced in post-test as compared to pre-test.
Conclusions: Oral magnesium supplement significantly decreases the fasting blood sugar level. And it reduces the insulin resistance and improves the glycaemic control indicators in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
Key words: Magnesium, glycaemic control indicators, type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Application of enzymes in drug discovery research: A Review
Authors: Akram Muhammad , Syed Sadat Ali , K Narayana , M Shilpa , Zainab Rida , Khalil Muhammad Talha , Zafar Sadia 
Published: May 2024

Enzymes have effectively substituted many conventional chemical catalysts-reliant pharmaceutical drug manufacturing procedures. From this v-prospect, the use of enzymes in drug discovery research is quite encouraging. Numerous enzymes have been demonstrated to perform detoxification at the cellular level, for instance, the antioxidant enzymes, catalase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD). These enzymes work simultaneously to neutralize oxygen-free radical species. The enzyme-mediated pharmaceutical procedures include the synthesis of diverse semi-artificial antibiotics, dynamic enantiomers of medicines through kinetic determination, production of enantiomerically unadulterated types of amino acids, and others. Enzymes are being used to treat cancer and infectious disorders where antibiotics are no longer effective because of antibiotic resistance. Thus, the present article aims to review the diverse use of enzymes in the drug industries and discuss the features of enzymes that make them suitable drug candidates.
Cyclic compressive loading induces a mature meniscal cell phenotype in mesenchymal stem cells with an atelocollagen-based scaffold
Authors: Oyama Shohei , Kanamoto Takashi , Ebina Kosuke , Etani Yuki , Hirao Makoto , Goshima Atsushi , Otani Shunya , Hikida Minami , Yamakawa Satoshi , Ito Shohei , Okada Seiji , Nakata Ken 
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Biomechanical stimulation is reportedly pivotal in meniscal regeneration, although its effect on mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) meniscal differentiation remains elusive. In this study, we investigated how cyclic compressive loading (CCL) could impact MSCs using three-dimensional cultures in atelocollagen-based meniscal substitute (ACMS).Methods: We extracted MSCs from the meniscus, synovium, and articular cartilage, cultured them in three-dimensional cultures, and exposed them to CCL for 7 days. We then compared the transcriptomes of MSCs treated with and without CCL.Results: Our RNA-seq analysis revealed that CCL induced significant transcriptome changes, significantly affecting chondrocyte-related genes, including SOX9, TGFB1, and PRG4 upregulation. CCL induced transcriptional differentiation of meniscus progenitors toward mature meniscal cells.Conclusion: This study unveils the potential of mechanical stress in promoting MSC meniscal differentiation within ACMS. Our investigations provide new insights for mechanisms underlying meniscal regeneration with ACMS.
Passive exercise provides a simultaneous and postexercise executive function benefit
Authors: Dalton Connor , Edgar Chloe , Tari Benjamin , Heath Matthew 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionPassive exercise involves limb movement via an external force and is an intervention providing an immediate postexercise executive function (EF) benefit. It is, however, unknown whether EF is improved simultaneous with passive exercise—a salient question given the advent of passive (and active) exercise workstations designed to enhance productivity and wellbeing for individuals engaged in sedentary occupations.MethodsHere, participants (N = 23) completed separate 20-min conditions involving active (i.e., via volitional muscle activation) and passive (i.e., via mechanically driven cycle ergometer) cycle ergometry and a non-exercise control condition. EF was assessed prior to (i.e., preintervention), simultaneous with, and immediately after (post-intervention) each condition via the antipointing task. Antipointing involves a goal-directed limb movement mirror-symmetrical to a target and is an ideal tool for the current investigation given that the task is mediated via EF inhibitory control networks that show response-dependent changes following a single bout of exercise.Results and discussionResults showed that passive exercise produced a simultaneous and post-intervention reduction in antipointing reaction time (RT), whereas active exercise selectively produced a post-intervention—but not simultaneous—RT reduction. Thus, passive and active exercise elicited a postexercise EF benefit; however, only passive exercise produced a simultaneous benefit. That passive—but not active—exercise produced a simultaneous benefit may reflect that the intervention provides the necessary physiological or psychological changes to elicit improved EF efficiency without the associated dual-task cost(s) of volitional muscle activity.
Whole exome sequencing identified a homozygous novel variant in DOP1A gene in the Pakistan family with neurodevelopmental disabilities: case report and literature review
Authors: Zhang Wei , Tariq Muhammad , Roy Bhaskar , Shen Juan , Khan Ayaz , Altaf Malik Naveed , He Sijie , Baig Shahid Mahmood , Fang Xiaodong , Zhang Jianguo 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundHereditary neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are prevalent in poorly prognostic pediatric diseases, but the pathogenesis of NDDs is still unclear. Irregular myelination could be one of the possible causes of NDDs.Case presentationHere, whole exome sequencing was carried out for a consanguineous Pakistani family with NDDs to identify disease-associated variants. The co-segregation of candidate variants in the family was validated using Sanger sequencing. The potential impact of the gene on NDDs has been supported by conservation analysis, protein prediction, and expression analysis. A novel homozygous variant DOP1A(NM_001385863.1):c.2561A&gt;G was identified. It was concluded that the missense variant might affect the protein-protein binding sites of the critical MEC interaction region of DOP1A, and DOP1A-MON2 may cause stability deficits in Golgi-endosome protein traffic. Proteolipid protein (PLP) and myelin-associate glycoprotein (MAG) could be targets of the DOP1A-MON2 Golgi-endosome traffic complex, especially during the fetal stage and the early developmental stages. This further supports the perspective that disorganized myelinogenesis due to congenital DOP1A deficiency might cause neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs).ConclusionOur case study revealed the potential pathway of myelinogenesis-relevant NDDs and identified DOP1A as a potential NDDs-relevant gene in humans.
Implementation of a program for treatment of acute infections in nursing homes without hospital transfer
Authors: Kagansky Nadya , Rosenberg Reena , Derazne Estela , Mazurez Evelina , Levy Yochai , Barchana Micha 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundNursing care residents have high hospitalization rates. To address this, we established a unique virtual geriatric unit that has developed a program aimed at providing support to nursing homes.AimsWe aimed to evaluate effectiveness of in-house intravenous antibiotic treatment in nursing hospitals after the implementation of the specially designed training program.MethodsA cohort study of nursing home residents to evaluate a training program for providers, designed to increase awareness and give practical tools for in-house treatment of acute infections. Data obtained included types of infections, antibiotics used, hospital transfer, and length of treatment. Primary outcomes were in-house recovery, hospitalization and mortality. Univariate analysis and multivariable logistic regression analysis to assess association between different factors and recovery.ResultsA total of 890 cases of acute infections were treated with intravenous antibiotics across 10 nursing homes over a total of 4,436 days. Of these cases, 34.8% were aged 90 years or older. Acute pneumonia was the most prevalent infection accounted for 354 cases (40.6%), followed by urinary tract infections (35.7%), and fever of presumed bacterial infection (17.1%). The mean duration of intravenous antibiotic treatment was 5.09 ± 3.86 days. Of the total cases, 800 (91.8%) recovered, 62 (7.1%) required hospitalization and nine (1.0%) resulted in mortality. There was no significant difference observed in recovery rates across different types of infections.DiscussionAppling a simple yet unique intervention program has led to more “in-house” residents receiving treatment, with positive clinical results.ConclusionTreating in-house nursing home residents with acute infections resulted in high recovery rates. Special education programs and collaboration between healthcare organizations can improve treatment outcomes and decrease the burden on the healthcare system.
Less Known Is More Feared—A Survey of Children’s Knowledge of and Attitudes towards Honeybees
Authors: Leto Emmanuele , Pace Francesco , Sciotto Giulia , Manachini Barbara 
Published: May 2024

The global decline in the number of pollinators has elicited considerable public attention. To the general public, honeybees are considered to be the primary pollinators. Also, a decline in managed honeybee stocks is alarming and could lead to declining pollination services and reduced ecosystem biodiversity, although the Apis mellifera is the least likely pollinator species on the planet to be at risk of extinction. A less-than-complete understanding of honeybees and their ecology may hinder their conservation. Ascertaining the public’s level of knowledge about, and perception of, a problem can help in solving it. This research focused mainly on honeybees because people are unlikely to be able to recognize the different species of Apoidea. Schools are ideal places for understanding the basic knowledge and attitudes regarding this insect. We aimed to understand the perception and knowledge of 12–14-year-old children towards honeybees as well as to verify the existence of a correlation between knowledge level and positive perception. Secondary school students can play a key role in the conservation of biodiversity as they are carriers of knowledge in families and will be future citizens. To this end, 231 students were given a 26-item questionnaire related to their perception and knowledge of honeybees. Results indicate that the students have a good understanding of the role that bees play in nature but do not have a completely clear idea of this insect’s interactions with the environment. Results also show that the children feel a certain fear of honeybees, although they respect them. The average score of the ecological branch test exceeded the average score of the perceptual one, indicating that the subjects had a more positive education than perception.
Sensitization to Food and Aero-Allergens in Children with Coeliac Disease Assessed with the Use of a Multiplex Molecular Diagnostic Technique
Authors: Knyziak-Mędrzycka Izabela , Cukrowska Bożena , Nazar Wojciech , Bierła Joanna Beata , Janeczek Kamil , Krawiec Paulina , Gromek Weronika , Wysokiński Mariusz , Konopka Ewa , Trojanowska Ilona , Smolińska Sylwia , Majsiak Emilia 
Published: May 2024

(1) Background. Coeliac disease (CD) often co-occurs with autoimmune conditions or genetic syndromes, but there are few studies on the co-existence of CD and immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated allergies. The purpose of this study was to assess sensitization to food and aero-allergens in pediatric patients with CD. (2) Methods. A multiplex ALEX®2 test was used to determine specific IgEs (sIgEs). (3) Results. The study included 108 children newly diagnosed with CD. Allergen extract- and/or allergen molecule-sIgEs were detected in 49.1% of children. Most children (41.5%) were sensitized to both inhalant and food allergens. The three most common aero-allergens (timothy pollen, ryegrass, silver birch) were molecules Phl p 1, Lol p 1, and Bet v 1. The most common food allergens (hazelnut, apple, and peanut) were Cor a 1, Mal d 1, and Ara h 8 molecules of the PR-10 subfamily. Patients were not sensitized to cereal allergens containing gluten. Spearman’s rank correlation analysis of sensitized patients showed a significant positive relationship (r = 0.31) between the patients’ age and the occurrence of positive sIgEs (≥0.3 kUA/L) for inhalant allergen molecules (p = 0.045). In sensitized patients, mainly symptoms of inhalant allergy were observed, such as hay fever, conjunctivitis, and bronchial asthma. (4) Conclusions. The current study indicates the co-occurrence of IgE sensitization to food and inhalant allergens in children with CD. The study highlights the need to take a closer look at the diagnosis of IgE-mediated allergy in patients with CD, which may help in their care and lead to a better understanding of the relationship between CD and IgE-mediated allergy.