bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the usefulness of a bile duct biopsy and bile cytology using a hyperspectral camera and machine learning
Authors: Norose Tomoko , Ohike Nobuyuki , Nakaya Daiki , Kamiya Kentaro , Sugiura Yoshiya , Takatsuki Misato , Koizumi Hirotaka , Okawa Chie , Ohya Aya , Sasaki Miyu , Aoki Ruka , Nakahara Kazunari , Kobayashi Shinjiro , Tateishi Keisuke , Koike Junki 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTo improve the efficiency of pathological diagnoses, the development of automatic pathological diagnostic systems using artificial intelligence (AI) is progressing; however, problems include the low interpretability of AI technology and the need for large amounts of data. We herein report the usefulness of a general‐purpose method that combines a hyperspectral camera with machine learning. As a result of analyzing bile duct biopsy and bile cytology specimens, which are especially difficult to determine as benign or malignant, using multiple machine learning models, both were able to identify benign or malignant cells with an accuracy rate of more than 80% (93.3% for bile duct biopsy specimens and 83.2% for bile cytology specimens). This method has the potential to contribute to the diagnosis and treatment of bile duct cancer and is expected to be widely applied and utilized in general pathological diagnoses.
Adaptation in the spinal cord after stroke: Implications for restoring cortical control over the final common pathway
Authors: Urbin Michael A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractControl of voluntary movement is predicated on integration between circuits in the brain and spinal cord. Although damage is often restricted to supraspinal or spinal circuits in cases of neurological injury, both spinal motor neurons and axons linking these cells to the cortical origins of descending motor commands begin showing changes soon after the brain is injured by stroke. The concept of ‘transneuronal degeneration’ is not new and has been documented in histological, imaging and electrophysiological studies dating back over a century. Taken together, evidence from these studies comports more with a system attempting to survive rather than one passively surrendering to degeneration. There tends to be at least some preservation of fibres at the brainstem origin and along the spinal course of the descending white matter tracts, even in severe cases. Myelin‐associated proteins are observed in the spinal cord years after stroke onset. Spinal motor neurons remain morphometrically unaltered. Skeletal muscle fibres once innervated by neurons that lose their source of trophic input receive collaterals from adjacent neurons, causing spinal motor units to consolidate and increase in size. Although some level of excitability within the distributed brain network mediating voluntary movement is needed to facilitate recovery, minimal structural connectivity between cortical and spinal motor neurons can support meaningful distal limb function. Restoring access to the final common pathway via the descending input that remains in the spinal cord therefore represents a viable target for directed plasticity, particularly in light of recent advances in rehabilitation medicine.
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An Adjoint-Based Data-Driven Inverse-Free Iterative Feedforward Control Method
Authors: Yang Liangliang , Yu Kaixin , Hua Junhui , Lu Wenqi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Feedforward control is widely used in control systems since it can achieve high tracking performance by effectively compensating for known disturbances before they affect the system. For traditional feedforward control methods, the performance improvement highly depends on the model quality of the system model and the accuracy of the model-inversion. However, on one hand, in practice, the modeling error is inevitable, especially for precision motion systems with complex dynamics, on the other hand, the nonminimum phase (NMP) systems often lead to a problem that plant inversion is unstable and non- causal. Therefore, this paper proposes an approach that combines the benefits of data-driven feedforward control and the gradient descent method. This integrated approach aims to address challenges related to laborious model identification and unstable plant inversion simultaneously. The main idea is to replace the model with dedicated experiments on the system and to avoid calculating plant inversion by applying the gradient descent method to the learning process. The simulation and experimental results show that the algorithm can achieve the optimal point-to-point tracking performance without relying on model-inversion.
Dynamic Mode Decomposition With Gaussian Process Regression for Control of High-Dimensional Nonlinear Systems
Authors: Tsolovikos Alexandros , Bakolas Efstathios , Goldstein David 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this work, we consider the problem of learning a reduced-order model of a high-dimensional stochastic nonlinear system with control inputs from noisy data. In particular, we develop a hybrid parametric/nonparametric model that learns the “average” linear dynamics in the data using dynamic mode decomposition with control (DMDc) and the nonlinearities and model uncertainties using Gaussian process (GP) regression and compare it with total least-squares dynamic mode decomposition (tlsDMD), extended here to systems with control inputs (tlsDMDc). The proposed approach is also compared with existing methods, such as DMDc-only and GP-only models, in two tasks: controlling the stochastic nonlinear Stuart–Landau equation and predicting the flowfield induced by a jet-like body force field in a turbulent boundary layer using data from large-scale numerical simulations.
Pump and Probe Wave Mixing for Imaging Nonlinear Features Embedded Into a Massive Concrete Block
Authors: Ouvrier-Buffet Florian , Eiras Jesús N. , Garnier Vincent , Durville Benoît , Payan Cédric 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Nonlinear ultrasonic parameters are known to be highly sensitive to the presence of damage in materials, and numerous methods have already been reported. This study proposes a way to image a nonlinear defect embedded into a nonlinear medium. The nonlinear defect is mimicked by a Berea sandstone sphere (high nonlinearity). It is placed into a large concrete block (average nonlinearity) during casting. The proposed pump and probe propagating wave interaction method allows imaging of the presence of the highly nonlinear region. The image contrast is magnified by a factor of eight in the defective zone. The results are validated using a model and the individual mechanical properties of both concrete and Berea sandstone. These findings open perspectives for application to civil engineering concrete structures such as the assessment of durability distresses involving internal swelling.
Draft genome sequences of 53
Lactococcus
and
Leuconostoc
strains isolated from two undefined DL-starter cultures
Authors: Li Wenwen , Soto-Serrano Axel , Panah Farhad M. , Arik Göksen , Deptula Paulina , Lucena Daniella , Vogensen Finn K. , Krych Lukasz 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

This study presents the complete genomes of 53 strains of
Lactococcus
and
Leuconostoc
isolated from two undefined DL-starter cultures originating from Denmark, Tistrup, and P. The genomes were reconstructed using long-read, nanopore-based DNA sequencing, delivering comprehensive data set for comparative genomics and taxonomic classification, with potential utility in dairy fermentation processes.
Complete genome sequence of the
Microbacterium rhizosphaerae
type strain KACC 19337
T
Authors: Choi Hyorim , Kim Yiseul , Lee Yonghoon , Heo Jun 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

We report the whole genome sequence of
Microbacterium rhizosphaerae
KACC 19337
T
. The genome consists of a 4.05-Mb circular chromosome, with a G + C content of 69.7 %, and 3,627 total coding genes predicted.
Altered gut microbiota is associated with the formation of occult hepatitis B virus infection
Authors: Liu Bochao , Yang Hualong , Liao Qiao , Wang Min , Huang Jieting , Xu Ru , Shan Zhengang , Zhong Huishan , Li Tingting , Li Chengyao , Fu Yongshui , Rong Xia 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Hepatitis B virus (HBV), a common blood transmission pathogen worldwide, can lead to viral hepatitis, cirrhosis, liver cancer, and other liver diseases. In particular, occult hepatitis B virus infection (OBI) may be caused by an immune response leading to suppressed virus replication. Gut microbiota can change the immunity status of the human body and, therefore, affect the replication of HBV. Thus, to identify whether there are differences in gut microbiota between HBV carriers and OBI carriers, we collected fecal samples from 18 HBV carriers, 24 OBI blood donors, and also 20 healthy blood donors as negative control. After 16S sequencing, we found that the abundance of
Faecalibacterium
was significantly reduced in samples from OBI blood donors compared with those from healthy blood donors. Compared with samples from HBV carriers, the samples from OBI blood donors had a significantly increased abundance of
Subdoligranulum
, which might stimulate immune activation, thus inhibiting HBV replication and contributing to the formation of occult infection. Our findings revealed the potential role of gut microbiota in the formation of OBI and further provided a novel strategy for the treatment of HBV infection.

IMPORTANCE
Occult hepatitis B virus infection (OBI) is a special form of hepatitis B virus infection with hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive and hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA negative. Gut microbiota may contribute to the immune response leading to suppressed virus replication and, thus, participates in the development of OBI. The study on gut microbiota of OBI blood donors provides novel data considerably advancing our understanding of the immune mechanism for the determination of occult hepatitis B virus infection, which is helpful for improving the strategy of the treatment of HBV infection.
Constraints on a long-lived Paleoproterozoic metamorphic process in a middle- to lower-grade metamorphic complex, Songshan area, southern North China craton: Evidence from minor- and trace-element thermometry and geochronology
Authors: Feng Qiang , Lu Junsheng , Kong Xu , Liu Gang , Li Yuting , Zhang Yiyi , Duan Zengyin , Li Juanjuan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The Dengfeng Complex and Songshan Group comprise a middle- to lower-grade metamorphic complex with abundant lithological associations in the Songshan area (central Henan, China), representing an excellent opportunity to investigate the thermal history of the North China craton. The polymetamorphic Dengfeng Complex is a typical granite-greenstone belt that records a late Paleoproterozoic metamorphic event (ca. 1.95–1.80 Ga) overprinting on a late Neoarchean metamorphic event (ca. 2.51–2.41 Ga). In contrast, the Songshan Group preserves well-developed stratigraphic sequences and sedimentary structures with greenschist-facies metamorphism. Numerous studies have focused on the late Neoarchean metamorphic event from the Dengfeng Complex, whereas the thermal evolution of ca. 1.95–1.80 Ga units from the Dengfeng Complex and Songshan Group has been largely overlooked. Quartzite of the Songshan Group unconformably overlies schists of the Dengfeng Group, and they show coherent NNE-SSW–striking schistosity structures with dip angles of ~50°–65°. Here, the metamorphic temperatures from the Dengfeng Group were constrained to be ~510–550 °C by the Ti-in-biotite geothermometer. The Ti-in-quartz and Zr-in-rutile geothermometers record metamorphic temperatures of ~480–550 °C or 520–555 °C for the Songshan Group, respectively. Laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry U-Pb dating of monazite and rutile constrains the timing of metamorphism of the Songshan Group to be ca. 1.94–1.83 Ga, while zircon constrains the timing of metamorphism of the Dengfeng Complex to be ca. 2.53 Ga and ca. 1.95–1.87 Ga. By integrating geochronologic data from the Dengfeng Complex and Songshan Group, the ca. 2.53 Ga metamorphic age of amphibolite may be connected with Neoarchean subduction-accretion processes, whereas the consistent temperature obtained in this study ca. 1.95–1.83 Ga indicates that the Songshan area may have experienced a long-lived metamorphic event, which could have resulted from the final collision between the Western and Eastern blocks of the North China craton in the late Paleoproterozoic. The persistence of a Paleoproterozoic hot orogen for millions of years was probably the norm in the North China craton, which provides new insights into the tectonic-thermal evolution in the southern North China craton.
Use of social network analysis in health research: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Grewal Eshleen , Godley Jenny , Wheeler Justine , Tang Karen L 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionSocial networks can affect health beliefs, behaviours and outcomes through various mechanisms, including social support, social influence and information diffusion. Social network analysis (SNA), an approach which emerged from the relational perspective in social theory, has been increasingly used in health research. This paper outlines the protocol for a scoping review of literature that uses social network analytical tools to examine the effects of social connections on individual non-communicable disease and health outcomes.Methods and analysisThis scoping review will be guided by Arksey and O’Malley’s framework for conducting scoping reviews. A search of the electronic databases, Ovid Medline, PsycINFO, EMBASE and CINAHL, will be conducted in April 2024 using terms related to SNA. Two reviewers will independently assess the titles and abstracts, then the full text, of identified studies to determine whether they meet inclusion criteria. Studies that use SNA as a tool to examine the effects of social networks on individual physical health, mental health, well-being, health behaviours, healthcare utilisation, or health-related engagement, knowledge, or trust will be included. Studies examining communicable disease prevention, transmission or outcomes will be excluded. Two reviewers will extract data from the included studies. Data will be presented in tables and figures, along with a narrative synthesis.Ethics and disseminationThis scoping review will synthesise data from articles published in peer-reviewed journals. The results of this review will map the ways in which SNA has been used in non-communicable disease health research. It will identify areas of health research where SNA has been heavily used and where future systematic reviews may be needed, as well as areas of opportunity where SNA remains a lesser-used method in exploring the relationship between social connections and health outcomes.
Moral distress among physicians in Norway: a longitudinal study
Authors: Miljeteig Ingrid , Førde Reidun , Rø Karin Isaksson , Bååthe Fredrik , Bringedal Berit Horn 
Published: May 2024

ObjectivesTo explore and compare physicians’ reported moral distress in 2004 and 2021 and identify factors that could be related to these responses.DesignLongitudinal survey.SettingData were gathered from the Norwegian Physician Panel Study, a representative sample of Norwegian physicians, conducted in 2004 and 2021.Participants1499 physicians in 2004 and 2316 physicians in 2021.Main outcome measuresThe same survey instrument was used to measure change in moral distress from 2004 to 2021. Logistic regression analyses examined the role of gender, age and place of work.ResultsResponse rates were 67% (1004/1499) in 2004 and 71% (1639/2316) in 2021. That patient care is deprived due to time constraints is the most severe dimension of moral distress among physicians, and it has increased as 68.3% reported this ‘somewhat’ or ‘very morally distressing’ in 2004 compared with 75.1% in 2021. Moral distress also increased concerning that patients who ‘cry the loudest’ get better and faster treatment than others. Moral distress was reduced on statements about long waiting times, treatment not provided due to economic limitations, deprioritisation of older patients and acting against one’s conscience. Women reported higher moral distress than men at both time points, and there were significant gender differences for six statements in 2021 and one in 2004. Age and workplace influenced reported moral distress, though not consistently for all statements.ConclusionIn 2004 and 2021 physicians’ moral distress related to scarcity of time or unfair distribution of resources was high. Moral distress associated with resource scarcity and acting against one’s conscience decreased, which might indicate improvements in the healthcare system. On the other hand, it might suggest that physicians have reduced their ideals or expectations or are morally fatigued.
Contribution of youth sport participation to physical activity levels and cardiovascular disease risk factors in 5-year-old to 14-year-old children: a study protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Fernández Solá Paola A , Watkins Janette M , Grube Aidrik , Greeven Sarah J , Dutta Sandeep , Coble Cassandra J , Evanovich Justin M , Martinez Kercher Vanessa M , Whitley Meredith A , Kercher Kyle A 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionCardiovascular disease (CVD) accounts for 18 million deaths per year, disproportionately burdens under-represented racial and ethnic groups, and has economic costs greater than any other health condition. Participation in youth sport may be an effective strategy to improve CVD-related risk factors but studies of youth sport participation have shown mixed results for improving health outcomes. Therefore, the objective of this systematic review is to examine how participation in youth sport contributes to physical activity levels and CVD risk factors in children aged 5–14 years old. A secondary objective is to determine if outcomes are different in racial and ethnic groups.Methods and analysisThe search will encompass studies published in English, Spanish or Portuguese between January 1995 and April 2024, including five databases (PubMed, Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library and SPORTDiscus). Studies will be included if they are experimental or observational studies, conducted in youths of any health background and assess the relationship of sport participation to physical activity levels or CVD risk factors. Studies must report on at least one of the following outcomes: (1) physical activity levels, (2) blood pressure, (3) lipid fractions, (4) body mass index (5) central adiposity, (6) systemic inflammation and (7) glucose levels/insulin resistance. Study quality will be assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias version 1 tool. Narrative descriptions and summary tables will be created to describe studies, results and methodological quality and be synthesised by subsets of studies based on study design and outcomes. In the systematic review, we will categorise the included studies into two subgroups (ie, observational studies, experimental studies) and meta-analyse them separately prior to exploring sources of heterogeneity.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required. The results will be disseminated via peer-reviewed publication and presentation at conferences relevant to this field.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42023427219.
Defining, identifying and addressing problematic polypharmacy within multimorbidity in primary care: a scoping review
Authors: Tsang Jung Yin , Sperrin Matthew , Blakeman Thomas , Payne Rupert A , Ashcroft Darren 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionPolypharmacy and multimorbidity pose escalating challenges. Despite numerous attempts, interventions have yet to show consistent improvements in health outcomes. A key factor may be varied approaches to targeting patients for intervention.ObjectivesTo explore how patients are targeted for intervention by examining the literature with respect to: understanding how polypharmacy is defined; identifying problematic polypharmacy in practice; and addressing problematic polypharmacy through interventions.DesignWe performed a scoping review as defined by the Joanna Briggs Institute.SettingThe focus was on primary care settings.Data sourcesMedline, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature and Cochrane along with ClinicalTrials.gov, Science.gov and WorldCat.org were searched from January 2004 to February 2024.Eligibility criteriaWe included all articles that had a focus on problematic polypharmacy in multimorbidity and primary care, incorporating multiple types of evidence, such as reviews, quantitative trials, qualitative studies and policy documents. Articles focussing on a single index disease or not written in English were excluded.Extraction and analysisWe performed a narrative synthesis, comparing themes and findings across the collective evidence to draw contextualised insights and conclusions.ResultsIn total, 157 articles were included. Case-finding methods often rely on basic medication counts (often five or more) without considering medical history or whether individual medications are clinically appropriate. Other approaches highlight specific drug indicators and interactions as potentially inappropriate prescribing, failing to capture a proportion of patients not fitting criteria. Different potentially inappropriate prescribing criteria also show significant inconsistencies in determining the appropriateness of medications, often neglecting to consider multimorbidity and underprescribing. This may hinder the identification of the precise population requiring intervention.ConclusionsImproved strategies are needed to target patients with polypharmacy, which should consider patient perspectives, individual factors and clinical appropriateness. The development of a cross-cutting measure of problematic polypharmacy that consistently incorporates adjustment for multimorbidity may be a valuable next step to address frequent confounding.
Epidemiological characteristics of chronic non-communicable diseases in Dongfang, China, 2021: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Song Meixuan , Zheng Liang , Chen Lan , Zhang Chunmei , Chen Xingyi , Zhao Chunyan 
Published: May 2024

ObjectivesThe study aimed to understand the composition, epidemiological characteristics and disease burden of chronic non-communicable diseases and to evaluate the association between sociodemographic factors and chronic non-communicable diseases.DesignA cross-sectional study.Setting and participantsMedical records of 196 761 residents were collected from Dongfang disease surveillance system from January to December 2021.Primary outcomePrevalence and disability burden were recorded. Logistic regression was used to investigate the relationship between sociodemography factors and diseases.ResultsCardiovascular diseases, chronic lower respiratory diseases and other upper respiratory tract diseases were the main chronic non-communicable diseases. In multivariable analysis, men were associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (OR=1.210, 95% CI 1.162 to 1.261) and chronic lower respiratory diseases (OR=1.128, 95% CI 1.079 to 1.180). Older age was associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (OR=83.952, 95% CI 58.954 to 119.550), whereas was associated with decreased risk of chronic lower respiratory diseases (OR=0.442, 95% CI 0.415 to 0.471) and other upper respiratory tract diseases (OR=0.450, 95% CI 0.411 to 0.493). The unemployed and poor household were associated with decreased risk of cardiovascular diseases (OR=0.463, 95% CI 0.412 to 0.521 and OR=0.390, 95% CI 0.342 to 0.444, respectively), whereas were associated with increased risk of chronic lower respiratory diseases (OR=12.219, 95% CI 6.343 to 23.539 and OR=10.954, 95% CI 5.666 to 21.177, respectively) and other upper respiratory tract diseases (OR=2.246, 95% CI 1.719 to 2.936 and OR=3.035, 95% CI 2.308 to 3.991, respectively). Gender and age moderated the association between personnel category and major diseases.ConclusionsThe spectrum and epidemiological characteristics of chronic diseases observed in Dongfang is good evidence for developing prevention guides and health policies for region.