bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Convenient Synthesis of 2‐Sulfanylbenzoselenazole Derivatives via the Reaction of 2‐Lithiophenyl Isothiocyanates with Selenium
Authors: Kobayashi Kazuhiro , Yokoi Yuki 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe title compounds have been prepared from 2‐bromophenyl isothiocyanates 1. Thus, 2‐lithiophenyl isothiocyanates 2, obtained from 1 and BuLi through Br/Li exchange, reacted with Se at −78° to form lithium benzoselenazole‐2‐thiolates 3, which, upon aqueous workup, afforded benzoselenazole‐2(3H)‐thiones 4. The thiolates 3 were alkylated with reactive alkyl halides and acylated with carboxylic acid chlorides to give 2‐(alkylsulfanyl)benzoselenazoles 5 and S‐(benzoselenazol‐2‐yl) thiocarboxylates 6, respectively.
Examination and parameterization of the root water uptake model from stem water potential and sap flow measurements
Authors: Yang Yuting , Guan Huade , Hutson John L. , Wang Hailong , Ewenz Caecilia , Shang Songhao , Simmons Craig T. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractA simple field‐based method for directly parameterizing root water uptake models is proposed. Stem psychrometers and sap flow meters are used to measure stem water potential and plant transpiration rate continuously and simultaneously. Predawn stem water potential is selected as a surrogate for root zone soil water potential to examine and parameterize the root water uptake–water stress response functions. The method is applied to two drooping sheoak (Allocasuarina verticillata) trees for a period of 80 days, covering both a dry season and a wet season. The results indicate that the S‐shape function is more appropriate than the Feddes piecewise linear function for drooping sheoak to represent the effect of soil moisture stress on its root water uptake performance. Besides, the water stress function is found to be not only a function of soil moisture but also dependent of the atmospheric demand. As a result, the water stress function is corrected for the effect of atmospheric conditions. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Molecular genetic analysis of MSUD from India reveals mutations causing altered protein truncation affecting the C‐termini of E1α and E1β
Authors: Bashyam Murali D. , Chaudhary Ajay K. , Sinha Manjari , Nagarajaram H.A. , Devi A. Radha Rama , Bashyam Leena , Reddy E. Chandrakanth , Dalal Ashwin 
Published: May 2012

AbstractMaple Syrup Urine Disease is a rare metabolic disorder caused by reduced/absent activity of the branched chain α‐Ketoacid dehydrogenase enzyme complex. Mutations in BCKDHA, BCKDHB, and DBT, that encode important subunits of the enzyme complex namely E1α, E1β, and E2, are the primary cause for the disease. We have performed the first molecular genetic analysis of MSUD from India on nine patients exhibiting classical MSUD symptoms. BCKDHA and BCKDHB mutations were identified in four and five patients, respectively including seven novel mutations namely the BCKDHA c.1249delC, c.1312T>C, and c.1561T>A and the BCKDHB c.401T>A, c.548G>A, c.964A>G, and c.1065delT. The BCKDHB c.970C>T (p.R324X) mutation was shown to trigger nonsense mediated decay‐based degradation of the transcript. Seven of the total 11 mutations resulted in perturbations in the E1α or E1β C‐termini either through altered termination or through an amino acid change; these are expected to result in disruption of E1 enzyme complex assembly. Our study has therefore revealed that BCKDHA and BCKDHB mutations might be primarily responsible for MSUD in the Indian population. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 3122–3132, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Observations during development of an internal medicine residency training program in cardiovascular limited ultrasound examination
Authors: Kimura Bruce J. , Amundson Stan A. , Phan James N. , Agan Donna L. , Shaw David J. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND:Despite the future potential of using ultrasound stethoscopes to augment the bedside cardiac physical, few data exist on a general cardiovascular imaging protocol that can be taught to physicians on a perpetual basis as a curriculum in graduate medical education.METHODS:During the past decade, we developed and integrated a cardiovascular limited ultrasound training program within the confines of an internal medicine residency. The evidence‐based rationale for the exam, the teaching methods, and curriculum are delineated, and subsequent observations regarding program requirements, proficiency, and academic outcomes are explored. Analysis of variance and linear regression assessed for relationships between academic scores, chief resident selection, and gender to proficiency in ultrasound.RESULTS:A brief, 5‐minute cardiovascular limited ultrasound exam (CLUE) was taught using both didactic and bedside methods, and practiced primarily within the cardiology consult, outpatient clinic, and intensive care rotations. Program costs were minimized by employing readily available institutional resources. After a 2‐year lead‐in training phase, the subsequent 4 years of senior resident performance (n = 41 residents) showed an 81% pass rate in CLUE competency. Resident ultrasound performance did not relate to academic scores (r = 0.05, P = 0.75), chief resident selection, nor gender. Observations regarding resident pitfalls in CLUE practice and increased participation in extracurricular research are described.CONCLUSIONS:We report our initial experience in developing and implementing a training program for bedside cardiovascular ultrasound examination that employed evidence‐based techniques, set proficiency goals, and assessed resident performance. It may be feasible to teach future internist–hospitalists the technique of bedside ultrasound during residency. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2012;. © 2012 Society of Hospital Medicine
Impact of in‐hospital enteroviral polymerase chain reaction testing on the clinical management of children with meningitis
Authors: Lyons Todd W. , McAdam Alexander J. , Cohn Keri A. , Monuteaux Michael C. , Nigrovic Lise E. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND:Enteroviral meningitis is a common cause of meningitis in children which requires only supportive care.OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the impact of implementing an in‐hospital enteroviral polymerase chain reaction (EVPCR) testing protocol on the clinical management of children with meningitis.DESIGN:Retrospective cohort study.POPULATION:Children <19 years old with meningitis.INTERVENTION:EVPCR testing differed by time period: send‐out testing protocol from July 1, 2006–June 23, 2008 (pre‐period) versus in‐house testing protocol from June 24, 2008–June 30, 2010 (post‐period).MEASUREMENTS:Test turnaround time, test utilization, length of stay, and duration of parenteral antibiotics.RESULTS:Of the 441 study patients, 216 (49%) presented during the post‐period. Median age was 2.9 months (interquartile range, 1.5–96 months). Test turnaround time decreased with the in‐house test (53 hours pre vs 13 hours post, P < 0.001), and test utilization increased (28% pre vs 62% post, P < 0.001). Among children with a positive EVPCR test, both length of stay (44 hours pre vs 28 hours post, P = 0.005) and duration of parenteral antibiotics (48 hours pre vs 36 hours post, P = 0.04) decreased in the post‐period. No change in either of these outcomes was observed in children with meningitis and a negative EVPCR test.CONCLUSION:In‐house EVPCR testing reduced test turnaround time, increased test utilization, and reduced both length of stay and duration of parenteral antibiotics for children with a positive result. Clinicians caring for children with meningitis should have access to in‐hospital EVPCR testing. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2012; © 2012 Society of Hospital Medicine
Which is the best MRI marker of malignancy for atypical cirrhotic nodules: Hypointensity in hepatobiliary phase alone or combined with other features? Classification after Gd‐EOB‐DTPA administration
Authors: Golfieri Rita , Grazioli Luigi , Orlando Emanuela , Dormi Ada , Lucidi Vincenzo , Corcioni Beniamino , Dettori Ernesto , Romanini Laura , Renzulli Matteo 
Published: May 2012

AbstractPurpose:To investigate whether the malignancy of atypical nodules in cirrhosis can be identified at gadoxetic‐acid‐disodium(Gd‐EOB‐DTPA)‐MRI by their hypointensity in the hepatobiliary(HB)‐phase alone or combined with any other MR imaging features.Materials and Methods:One hundred eleven atypical nodules detected in 77 consecutive Gd‐EOB‐DTPA‐MRIs were divided, based on arterial‐phase behavior, into: Class I, isovascular (n = 82), and Class II, hypervascular without portal/delayed washout (n = 29). The two classes were further grouped based on HB‐phase intensity (A/B/C hypo/iso/hyperintensity). Portal/venous/equilibrium‐phase behavior and T2w features were also collected. Histology was the gold standard. Per‐nodule sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive values (NPV/PPV), and diagnostic accuracy were calculated for HB‐phase hypointensity alone, and combined with vascular patterns and T2w hyperintensity.Results:Histology detected 60 benign and 51 malignant/premalignant nodules [10 overt hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) and 41 high‐grade dysplastic nodules (HGDN)/early HCC]. Class IA contained 31 (94%) malignancies, IB one (3%), and IC only benign lesions. Class IIA had 100% malignancies, IIB three (37.5%) and IIC only two (28.5%). HB‐phase hypointensity alone (Classes I–IIA) had 88% sensitivity, 91% NPV, and 93% diagnostic accuracy, superior (P < 0.05, P < 0.006, and P < 0.05, respectively) to any other MR imaging feature alone or combined.Conclusion:In atypical cirrhotic nodules, HB‐phase hypointensity by itself is the strongest marker of malignancy. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012;36:648–657. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Rectal Cancer: MR imaging of the mesorectal fascia and effect of chemoradiation on assessment of tumor involvement
Authors: Oberholzer Katja , Junginger Theodor , Heintz Achim , Kreft Andreas , Hansen Torsten , Lollert André , Ebert Maren , Düber Christoph 
Published: May 2012

AbstractPurpose:To evaluate the impact of chemoradiation on the reliability of MRI in assessing tumor involvement of the mesorectal fascia in patients with rectal cancer.Materials and Methods:Presurgical MRI was performed in 150 patients; among them 85 had received neoadjuvant long‐course chemoradiation. A standardized imaging protocol (1.5 Tesla [T] system, image voxel size 0.6 × 0.4 × 3 mm3), standardized surgery, and histopathological examination were applied for the entire patient population. Images were analyzed to identify potential tumor involvement of the mesorectal fascia (minimum tumor distance to fascia ≤1 mm) and compared with histopathology as the reference standard. Results of nonirradiated and irradiated patients were compared to define the impact of chemoradiation on imaging reliability.Results:In nonirradiated patients, MRI was reliable in predicting or excluding tumor involvement of the mesorectal fascia, positive predictive value 80%, negative predictive value 89%. The frequency of overestimating tumor involvement was significantly higher in irradiated patients (P = 0.005, positive predictive value 42%).Conclusion:Discussions about MRI assessment of tumor involvement of the mesorectal fascia as a basis for recommending neoadjuvant chemoradiation should focus on investigations that excluded irradiated patients, because MRI is less reliable after chemoradiation and tends to overestimate mesorectal tumor involvement. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012;36:658–663. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
EFFECTS OF CONVERTING FOREST TO AVOCADO ORCHARDS ON TOPSOIL PROPERTIES IN THE TRANS‐MEXICAN VOLCANIC SYSTEM, MEXICO
Authors: Bravo‐Espinosa M. , Mendoza M. E. , CarlóN Allende T. , Medina L. , Sáenz‐Reyes J. T. , Páez R. 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACTIn the present work, land cover and land use changes between 2003 and 2008 were assessed in the Cupatitzio River sub‐basin located in the Trans‐Mexican Volcanic System and Balsas Depression in Mexico. The effects of land cover conversion from temperate forest to avocado orchards on soil properties were determined. Land cover and land use databases were built for the years 1975, 2003, and 2008 using available cartographic information and interpretation of panchromatic SPOT images for the year 2008. Additionally, soil sampling was carried out in 16 representative sites in the higher parts of the sub‐basin, where avocado plantation dynamics have caused important changes in areas covered by temperate forests. Results show that (i) temperate coniferous and tropical low deciduous forests were reduced at an annual rate of 0·9 per cent (1, 001 ha y−1) between 1975 and 2008; (ii) cropland areas expanded at an annual rate of 0·7 per cent between 1975 and 2008, representing a growth of 553 ha y−1; (iii) wet soil aggregate stability, mechanical resistance to penetration and nitrate (N‐NO3) concentration in the topsoil layer of Andosols were significantly affected by land use conversion to avocado orchards. Other soil properties such as organic matter, interchangeable K, and available P showed degradation tendencies. These results suggest the importance of implementing strategies for mitigating the accelerated process of transformation and degradation of natural resources in the Cupatitzio River sub‐basin. The implementation of programs for deforestation reduction should be a priority in the restoration strategy. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of water vapour and oxygen partial pressures on low carbon steel oxidation in N2–H2–H2O mixtures
Authors: Yin H. , Yuen W. Y. D. , Young D. J. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractA low carbon, low silicon steel was oxidised at temperatures of 900–1000 °C in flowing N2–H2–H2O gas mixtures in which oxygen and water vapour partial pressures were varied independently. Scales of dense, single‐phase, coarse grained wüstite grew rapidly, according to parabolic kinetics. Both the scaling rate and the oxide grain growth increased with $p_{{\rm O}_{2} } $ at constant $p_{{\rm H}_{2} {\rm O}} $, and also with $p_{{\rm H}_{2} {\rm O}} $ at constant $p_{{\rm O}_{2} } $. An inert marker experiment showed that significant oxygen transport but majority metal transport supported scale growth. Gas composition effects are interpreted using point defect models involving formation of hydroxyl species on anion sites as well as cation vacancies.
CPW‐fed miniaturized split ring‐loaded slot antenna
Authors: Mitra Debasis , Chaudhuri Sekhar Ranjan Bhadra 
Published: May 2012

AbstractIn this article, a simple and an efficient approach for antenna miniaturization of split ring‐loaded slot antenna fed by the CPW line has been proposed. It has been shown that the fundamental resonant frequency has been lowered considerably by properly loading a pair of split ring resonator (SRR) rings at the edge of the half‐wavelength slot. A 26% miniaturization is achieved in comparison to slot antenna without SRR loading. The radiation pattern is also seen to be unaffected by the presence of the SRR. The overall antenna size is 0.5λ0 × 0.5λ0 × 0.017λ0. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:1907–1911, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26926
A CPW‐FED planar dual band‐notched ultra‐wideband antenna by etching an S‐shaped SIR slot on the feed line
Authors: Mao Chun‐Xu , Chu Qing‐Xin 
Published: May 2012

AbstractA novel planar ultra‐wideband antenna with 3.6/5.5 GHz dual band‐notched characteristics is proposed in this article. By etching an S‐shaped step‐impedance resonator slot on the feed line, antenna with dual band‐stopped filtering properties in the world interoperability for microwave access/wireless local‐area network bands are achieved. The proposed antenna consists of a beveled rectangular metal patch and a 50 Ω coplanar waveguide transmission line. The antenna is successfully designed, simulated, and measured, which exhibits broadband impedance matching and stable radiation patterns. The mechanism of this dual band‐notched antenna is also discussed in this article. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:1998–2001, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26940
V‐band low phase‐noise oscillator based on a cavity resonator integrated in the silicon substrate of the MCM‐D platform
Authors: Dancila D. , Rottenberg X. , John A. , Tilmans H. A. C. , De Raedt W. , Huynen I. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractIn this article, we present a V‐band low‐phase‐noise oscillator stabilized by a silicon integrated cavity resonator (SiCR). The SiCR is realized in a multi chip module‐deposited thin‐film technology platform. The high resistivity silicon substrate is thinned to 100 μm and through silicon vias are available. The resonator is formed by a double row of through silicon vias defining a TM010 cylindrical cavity resonator. The area on top of the resonator is reused for flip‐chip mounting the active device, a MMIC chip realized in BiCMOS technology, implementing SiGe heterojunction bipolar transistors. A lower phase noise is demonstrated for the oscillator using SiCR in comparison with an idle oscillator using the same active device but a shorted CPW line as resonator. In the best case, the phase‐noise of the oscillator with SiCR is reduced to −102 dBc/Hz at 1‐MHz carrier offset, fosc = 54 GHz, from −89 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz carrier offset, fosc = 47.3 GHz, corresponding to the idle oscillator, using the CPW resonator. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:1788–1792, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26946
Broadband E‐shaped microstrip antenna with dipole RE‐radiators
Authors: Makarov E. S. , Fedorov S. M. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractNew design of microstrip patch antenna with coaxial feed is proposed in this article. The proposed construction includes additional dipole radiators placed over main patch and exhibits enhanced broadbandness comparing to classical E‐shaped patch antenna. Also, gain of proposed antenna is highly stable in the broad frequency band. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:1785–1788, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26947
A tri‐band, small size radio frequency identification tag antenna with U‐shaped slots
Authors: Aliakbari Hanieh , Mallahzadeh Alireza , Nezhad Sajad Mohammad Ali 
Published: May 2012

AbstractA new multiband, small size antenna for passive radio frequency identification (RFID) tags is presented. Placement of three U‐shaped slots can create three independent resonances within the RFID range: 0.953, 2.45, and 5.8 GHz, whereas in each resonance, particular inductive input impedance will be achieved by a simple technique to be conjugately matched with the capacitive impedance of the chosen electronic chip. The proposed simple structural antenna is flexibly tunable to be matched with other chips in RFID frequencies. It is shown that the matching and forward patterns of tag antenna in each band are desirable, simultaneously. Details of the proposed antenna design and measured results are presented. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:1975–1978, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26949
Internal cellular handset antenna with a curved metal pattern for decreased near‐field radiation
Authors: Wong Kin‐Lu , Chang Hsuan‐Jui 
Published: May 2012

AbstractNear‐field radiation characteristics of an internal cellular handset antenna with a curved metal pattern are studied.The antenna's metal pattern comprises a simple strip monopole for the GSM1800/1900 operation. The strip monopole is smoothly curved to avoid right‐angle or abrupt bendings such that smooth variations of the excited surface currents thereon can be obtained. In this case, it is expected that the antenna's near‐field radiation can be decreased. When compared with a corresponding monopole antenna with one or more right‐angle bendings, the obtained results show that the proposed antenna can have lower specific absorption rate values by at least 1.0 dB, which is mainly owing to the decreased near‐field radiation. Detailed results are presented and discussed. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:1927–1932, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26958
Design of low loss, high speed, and high isolation Ka‐band SPST pin switch in suspended stripline configuration
Authors: Kumar G. A. , Kumar Arun 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThis article describes the design of a low insertion loss, high speed, and high isolation reflective SPST switch at 36 GHz (Ka‐band).The switch is based on suspended stripline transmission line medium using PIN diodes in shunt configuration. The measured insertion loss for the switch is less than 1.1 dB with isolation greater than 30 dB over a bandwidth of 4 GHz. The measured switching speed for the switch is less than 5 ns. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:1808–1810, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26964
A compact dual‐wideband antenna based on complementary split‐ring resonator
Authors: Cumhur Basaran S. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractA dual‐wideband coplanar waveguide‐fed monopole antenna based on complementary split‐ring (CSR) resonators is introduced for wireless fidelity and worldwide interoperability for microwave access applications.The proposed CSR monopole antenna has a compact size and provides 31.5% and 9.4% impedance bandwidth at the respective bands. The antenna exhibits uniform radiation patterns at each frequency band. Analysis and design of the proposed antenna are performed by means of Ansoft HFSS. The measurement results of the fabricated antenna are in good agreement with the simulation results. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:1917–1920, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26969
Switchable radar cross‐section evanescent waveguide antenna affiliation
Authors: Ludlow Peter , Fusco Vincent 
Published: May 2012

AbstractWe present a simple method of forming a switchable radar cross‐section (RCS) in evanescent waveguide.Here, the antenna can be selected to be matched to free space, or to act as an almost perfect reflector of incident energy via a single SPST switch located at the antenna aperture. With the aperture switch open, the antenna is matched over a measured bandwidth of 17.5%, from 2.35 to 2.8 GHz, for reflection coefficient <−10 dB, in 2.725 GHz cutoff waveguide. With the aperture switch closed, a minimum reflection coefficient of −2.5 dB across the bandwidth is observed, proving that the antenna has the capacity to be made RCS reconfigurable. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:1849–1851, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26981
A Novel all‐fiber velocity interferometer based on optic‐feedback delay line
Authors: Hong Guangwei , Lin Peng , Xiao Qian 
Published: May 2012

AbstractA novel all‐fiber velocity interferometer based on optic‐feedback delay line (NAFVISAR) is proposed and demonstrated.The configuration of the all‐fiber velocity interferometer system for any reflector removes the distributed phase modulation noise of the delay line essentially. In addition, the optic‐feedback delay line can double the phase sensitivity of the system compared with Levin's structure. With shaker vibration measurement experiment, it is shown that the NAFVISAR can successfully suppress the delay‐line‐induced noise with more than 30 dB. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:1814–1817, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26982