bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: ECD Cotton Effect Approximated by the Gaussian Curve and Other Methods
Authors: Stephens Philip J. , Harada Nobuyuki 
Published: April 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: NMR of Liquid Crystals and Micellar Solutions
Authors: Paduano Luigi , D'Errico Gerardino 
Published: April 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Solid‐State NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Aliev A. E. , Law R. V. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Asymptomatic Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection
Authors: Dakik Habib A. , Nader Gilbert Abou , Arja Wajih A. , Sawaya Jaber , Gharzuddine Walid 
Published: April 2010

AbstractSpontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is a rare cause of myocardial ischemia that could present as angina, acute myocardial infarction, or even sudden death. It occurs more commonly in women and it has been associated with autoimmune and collagen vascular diseases. The management and prognosis in these patients depend on the initial clinical presentation and the extent of dissection. In this article, we report 2 cases of asymptomatic SCAD that were diagnosed on routine preoperative evaluation. The management options and clinical implications are discussed. Copyright © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Prognostic Importance of Isolated P‐Wave Abnormalities
Authors: Kaykha Amir , Myers Jonathan , Desser Kenneth B. , Laufer Nathan , Froelicher Victor F. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractBackgroundWhile certain P‐Wave morphologies have been associated with abnormal atrial size and either pulmonary or cardiovascular (CV) disease, their relationship to mortality and specific cause of death has not been reported.MethodsAnalyses were performed on the first digitally recorded electrocardiogram (ECG) on 43 903 patients at the Palo Alto Veterans Administration Medical Center since 1987. After appropriate exclusions, 40 020 patients remained. Using computerized algorithms, P‐wave amplitude and duration in 12 leads as well as several standardized ECG interpretations were extracted. The main outcome measures were pulmonary and CV mortality.ResultsDuring a mean follow‐up of 6 years there were 3417 CV and 1213 pulmonary deaths. After adjusting for age and heart rate in a Cox regression model, P‐wave amplitude in the inferior leads was the strongest predictor of pulmonary death (hazard ratio [HR]: 3.0, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.3–3.9, P < .0001 for an amplitude > 2.5 mm), outperforming all other ECG criteria. The depth of P‐wave inversion in leads V1 or V2 and P‐wave duration were strong predictors of CV death (HR: 1.7, 95% CI: 1.5–2.0, P < 0.0001 for a P‐wave inversion deeper than 1 mm), outperforming many previously established ECG predictors of CV death.ConclusionsP‐wave amplitude in the inferior leads is the strongest independent predictor of pulmonary death while P‐wave duration and the depth of P‐wave inversion in leads V1 or V2 significantly predict CV death. These measurements can be obtained easily and should be considered as part of clinical risk stratification. Copyright © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Removal of Cationic Dye from Aqueous Solution by a Macroporous Hydrophobically Modified Poly(acrylic Acid‐acrylamide) Hydrogel with Enhanced Swelling and Adsorption Properties
Authors: Li Shengfang , Liu Xianli , Zou Tao , Xiao Wensheng 
Published: April 2010

AbstractA macroporous, hydrophobically modified poly(acrylic acid‐acrylamide) hydrogel was prepared. The fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM) results showed that the hydrogel had a macroporous structure. The dynamic swelling and removal of cationic dyes, crystal violet (CV) and basic magenta (BM), by this macroporous hydrophobically modified poly(acrylic acid‐acrylamide) hydrogel were studied. The adsorption capacity and kinetic and isotherm studies of the cationic dyes into the hydrogels have been evaluated. It was found that the macroporous hydrophobically modified hydrogel (M) exhibited improved swelling and adsorption capacity compared with the non‐macroporous hydrophobically modified hydrogel (NM). The adsorption process agreed very well with the Langmuir model and the adsorption of the cationic dyes depended on the pH of the solution via a mechanism combining swelling, electrostatic, and hydrophobic interactions. Moreover, adsorption kinetic studies showed that the adsorption followed a pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model, indicating that chemical adsorption was the rate‐limiting step.
Integrated Electrolytic Treatment and Adsorption for the Removal of Melanoidins
Authors: Satyawali Yamini , Verstraete Willy , Balakrishnan Malini 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThis work investigates electrolytic treatment and activated carbon adsorption for the removal of melanoidins, the recalcitrant coloring component in fermentation industry wastewaters. A 10% solution of synthetic melanoidins was electrolytically reduced and simultaneously oxidized in an electrolytic cell, thereby altering its reactivity. Adsorption studies using granular activated carbon were conducted using both control and electrolyzed streams. The filterability, surface tension and capillary suction time of the samples were also determined. The reduced melanoidins stream exhibited both a high chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal of 79% and a high color removal of 77% upon activated carbon adsorption. In comparison with the oxidized fraction, the reduced samples displayed enhanced filtration flux as well as decreased capillary suction time, thus indicating better filterability. Furthermore, a decline in surface tension was also observed confirming the decreased hydrophobicity of the reduced melanoidins.
Two‐Dimensional Self‐Assembly of a Porphyrin–Polypyridyl Ruthenium(II) Hybrid on HOPG Surface through Metal–Ligand Interactions
Authors: Gao Aimei , Miao Xinrui , Liu Jie , Zhao Ping , Huang Jinwang , Deng Wenli 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe synthesis and self‐assembly behavior of porphyrin–polypyridyl ruthenium(II) hybrid, which consists of a flexible alkyl chain attached with two conjugated moieties is described. The electronic absorption spectrum and emission spectra show that the [C8‐TPP‐(ip)Ru(phen)2](ClO4)2, abbreviated as (C8ip)TPPC has optical properties. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) studies found that the π–π interaction and metal–ligand interaction allow (C8ip)TPPC to form self‐assembled structure and have an edge‐on orientation on the highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) surface. The multidentate structure in (C8ip)TPPC molecules act as linkers between the molecules and form metal–ligand coordination, which forces the assembly process in the direction of stable columnar arrays. In addition, although the sample was stored for two months in ambient conditions, STM experiments showed that the order of (C8ip)TPPC self‐assembly only slightly decreased which indicates that the self‐assembled monolayer is stable. This work demonstrates that introducing a metal‐ligand in the porphyrin‐polypyridyl compound is a useful strategy to obtain novel surface assemblies.
Hydrothermal synthesis of ultralong single‐crystalline α‐Ni(OH)2 nanobelts and corresponding porous NiO nanobelts
Authors: Liang Hui , Liu Ling , Yang Zhijie , Yang Yanzhao 
Published: April 2010

AbstractUltralong α‐Ni(OH)2 nanobelts with uniform size have been prepared on large scale via a facile template‐free hydrothermal method. The as‐prepared nanobelts were single crystals, with several tens of microns in length and about 100 nm in width. For the whole process, a novel nucleation–aggregation–dissolution–seed‐directed growth mechanism was proposed based on the experimental results. The roles of aqueous ammonia and hydrothermal temperature were also discussed. Furthermore, porous NiO nanobelts were obtained by annealing the as‐prepared Ni(OH)2 nanobelts. This facile, template‐free, and low cost method might feasibly be scaled up for industrial production. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Growth and characterization of L‐alanine doped KDP crystals
Authors: Parikh K. D. , Dave D. J. , Parekh B. B. , Joshi M. J. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractPotassium Dihydrogen Phosphate (KDP) is an excellent inorganic nonlinear optical (NLO) material with different device applications. Most of amino acids possess NLO property; therefore, it is of interest to dope them in KDP crystals. In the present study, amino acid L‐alanine doped KDP crystals were grown by slow aqueous solvent evaporation technique. The doping of L‐alanine was confirmed by the paper chromatography, the CHN analysis and the FT‐IR spectroscopy. The powder XRD was carried out to assess the single phase nature of the samples. The effect of doping on thermal stability of the crystals was studied by TGA and the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of dehydration were evaluated. As the amount of doping increased the thermal stability of crystals decreased. However, the second harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency and the UV‐Vis spectroscopy studies indicated that as the L‐alanine doping increased the SHG efficiency and optical transmission percentage increased. The dielectric behavior of the samples has been studied. The variation of dielectric constant, dielectric loss (tanδ), a.c.resistivity and a.c.conductivity with frequency of applied field in the range from 100 Hz to 100 kHz was studied. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss decreased with increase the value of frequency of applied field. The dielectric constant and the dielectric loss values of L‐alanine doped KDP crystals were lower than the pure KDP crystals. The results are discussed. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Wann kommt der EC 6 in Deutschland und was bedeutet das für die nationalen Bemessungsnormen?
Authors: Jäger Wolfram , Hauschild Carola 
Published: April 2010

AbstractEntsprechend der zwischen dem DIN und der europäischen Normungsorganisation CEN getroffenen Vereinbarungen sollen im Jahr 2010 alle europäischen Bemessungsnormen mit ihren nationalen Anhängen zur Verfügung stehen und diesen widersprechende nationale Normen zurückgezogen werden. Der Beitrag erläutert, wie der derzeitige Stand im Mauerwerksbau ist, ob und wie lange noch die deutschen Bemessungsnormen im Mauerwerksbau weiter angewendet werden können und was das für die überarbeitete DIN 1053‐1 bedeutet. Abschließend wird dem Wunsch der Praxis entsprechend zum Ausdruck gebracht, dass nur eine bauaufsichtliche Einführung als komplettes Dokument in der Liste der Technischen Baubestimmungen sinnvoll ist.When will be the EC 6 established for use in Germany and what means it for the national design codes? The European Design Codes with their National Annexes should be available in the year 2010 and contradictory national design standards withdrawn according to the agreement between DIN and the European Standardisation Organisation CEN. The contribution explains how the current state in masonry construction is, and how long the German design codes for masonry can be applied. Also the effect on the revised DIN 1053‐1 is described. Closing it will be expressed corresponding to the wish of practise that only a complete document should be introduced in the list of technically regulations for construction by the building authority.
Short‐term outcome of renal transplantation treated with pre‐transplant peritoneal dialysis
Authors: Kitada Hidehisa , Doi Atsushi , Nishiki Takehiro , Miura Yoshifumi , Kurihara Kei , Yoshida Junichi , Kawanami Sayako , Tanaka Masao 
Published: April 2010

AbstractOBJECTIVEPre‐transplant dialysis has been reported to have an impact on the outcome in renal transplantation; however, it is still controversial. This study evaluated the short‐term outcome of pre‐transplant peritoneal dialysis (PD) in comparison to that of hemodialysis (HD).PATIENTS AND METHODSAll living donor kidney transplantations performed from January 2008 to April 2009 were enrolled and divided into 2 groups according to pre‐transplant dialysis, HD and PD. The recipient's age, duration of dialysis, acute rejection episodes, incidence of infection, serum creatinine level, and surgical complications were evaluated.RESULTSThe PD group was significantly younger and the duration of their dialysis was shorter. The creatinine level in the PD group was significantly lower than that in the HD group. Acute rejection proven by biopsy was seen in 4 of 36 patients in the HD group and in only 1 of 14 patients in the PD group. There was no difference in the incidence of infection between the 2 groups. There were no vessel complications in any patients, but there were a few urological complications in both groups. Delayed graft function resulting from intractable ascites occurred in 1 patient in the PD group.CONCLUSIONRenal transplantation in patients with pre‐transplant PD can be performed safely, although the development of ascites, the timing of removal of the PD catheter, and encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis may occur even after successful transplantation.
Does abnormal insulin action or insulin secretion explain the increase in prevalence of impaired glucose metabolism with age in populations of different ethnicities?
Authors: Ning F. , Qiao Q. , Tuomilehto J. , Hammar N. , Ho S. Y. , Söderberg S. , Zimmet P. Z. , Shaw J. E. , Nakagami T. , Mohan V. , Ramachandran A. , Lam T. H. , Andersson S. W. , Janus E. D. , Boyko E. J. , Fujimoto W. Y. , Pang Z. C. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractBackgroundAge is associated with both impaired glucose and insulin metabolism. To what extent the age‐related changes in insulin resistance (IR) and β‐cell function contribute to the increase in prevalence of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) is less known, and this is investigated in this study.MethodsThis study included 6610 men and 7664 women of different ethnic groups aged 30‐69 years. IR and β‐cell function were examined by the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR) and homeostasis model assessment of β‐cell function (HOMA‐B). Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were estimated using logistic regression analysis adjusting for body mass index and study.ResultsIn Chinese men, the ORs (95% CIs) for IFG were 2.69 (1.70, 4.26), 2.51 (1.49, 4.21) and 2.89 (1.68, 4.97), respectively, in age groups of 40–49, 50–59 and 60–69 years compared with 30–39 years (p < 0.001 for trend); the corresponding figures for IGT were 1.73 (1.25, 2.38), 2.54 (1.78, 3.63) and 3.57 (2.46, 5.19) (p < 0.001 for trend). Similar trends for IGT were observed also in Chinese women and other ethnic groups, but not for IFG in Mauritius Indian and Creole men. Adjustment for HOMA‐IR and HOMA‐B reduced the ORs in all age groups of all ethnicities for both IFG and IGT, but the risk gradient between age groups remained particularly for the IGT.ConclusionsThe age‐related increase in glucose intolerance may not be fully explained by the defect in HOMA‐IR and HOMA‐B. As HOMA‐IR and HOMA‐B are only surrogate measures of insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion, the results need to be further investigated. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Optical Spectra of Europium Borate Fluoride Eu5(BO3)3F
Authors: Kazmierczak Karolina , Höppe Henning A. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractEuropium borate fluoride, Eu5(BO3)3F, was synthesised as a single‐phase crystalline powder starting from europium oxide, europium fluoride and boron oxide at 1370 K. Eu5(BO3)3F crystallises in the space group Pnma. Optical spectroscopy (emission and absorption) on Eu5(BO3)3F confirms the presence of Eu2+ and delivered no evidence for Eu3+. The vibrational spectra of Eu5(BO3)3F are also reported.
Sonogashira Couplings of Halo‐ and Epoxy‐Halo‐exo‐Glycals: Concise Entry to Carbohydrate‐Derived Enynes
Authors: Gómez Ana M. , Barrio Aitor , Pedregosa Ana , Uriel Clara , Valverde Serafín , López J. Cristóbal 
Published: April 2010

AbstractFuranose‐ and pyranose‐derived mono‐ and dihalo‐exo‐glycals undergo Sonogashira coupling reactions in the presence of Pd catalysts to give carbohydrate‐derived enynes in a completely stereoselective manner. On the other hand, a furanose‐derived 2,3‐anhydrohalo‐exo‐glycal, available from D‐mannose in five steps, undergoes Pd0‐catalyzed Sonogashira coupling, leading to 2‐deoxyenynes.
Use of cyclodextrin‐modified gold nanoparticles for enantioseparations of drugs and amino acids based on pseudostationary phase‐capillary electrochromatography
Authors: Yang Li , Chen Cuijie , Liu Xi , Shi Jing , Wang Guang , Zhu Liande , Guo Liping , Glennon Jeremy D. , Scully Norma M. , Doherty Barry E. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe application of chemical‐modified gold nanoparticles (GNPs) as chiral selector for the enantioseparation based on pseudostationary phase‐CEC (PSP‐CEC) is presented. GNPs modified by thiolated β‐CD were characterized by NMR and FT‐IR. The nanoparticle size was determined to be of 9.5 nm (+2.5 nm) by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and UV spectra. Four pairs of dinitrophenyl‐labeled amino acid enantiomers (DL‐Val, Leu, Glu and Asp) and three pairs of drug enantiomers (RS‐chlorpheniramine, zopiclone and carvedilol) were analyzed by using modified GNPs as the chiral selector in PSP‐CEC. Good theoretical plate number (up to 2.4×105 per meter) and separation resolution (up to 4.7) were obtained even with low concentration of modified GNPs (0.8–1.4 mg/mL). The corresponding concentration of β‐CD in the buffer was only 0.30−0.53 mM, which was much lower than the optimum concentration of 15 mM if pure β‐CD was used as chiral selector. Our results showed that thiolated β‐CD modified GNPs have more sufficient interaction with the analytes, resulting in significant enhancement of enantioseparation. The study shed light on potential usage of chemical modified GNPs as chiral selector for enantioseparation based on PSP‐CEC.
Ion and ionic current sinks for electrodeionization of simulated cadmium plating rinse waters
Authors: Dermentzis Konstantinos , Christoforidis Achilleas , Papadopoulou Despoina , Davidis Anthimos 
Published: April 2010

AbstractIn this study, electrostatic shielding zones made of electrode graphite powder were constructed and used as a new type of ionic and electronic current sinks. Because of the local elimination of the applied electric field, voltage, and current within these zones, ions are led inside them and accumulate there. The current sinks were implemented in electrodeionization of simulated cadmium plating rinse waters containing 50 mg/L of Cd2+ ions with simultaneous electrochemical regeneration of the ion exchange resin beds. Pure water was obtained with a Cd2+ ion concentration of less than 0.1 mg/L at a flow rate of 3.27 × 10−4 L/s diluate stream, a current density of 2 mA/cm2, and a current efficiency of 28% for Cd2+ ion removal. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2011
Exploring the post‐stimulus undershoot with spin‐echo fMRI: Implications for models of neurovascular response
Authors: Poser Benedikt A. , van Mierlo Emily , Norris David G. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractAs a consequence of neural stimulation the blood oxygenation‐level dependent (BOLD) contrast in gradient‐echo echo‐planar imaging (GE‐EPI) based functional MRI (fMRI) leads to an increased MR signal in activated brain regions. Following this, a BOLD signal undershoot below baseline is generally observed with GE‐EPI. The origin of this undershoot has been the focus of many investigations using fMRI and optical modalities, but the underlying mechanisms remain disputed. Here, we investigate the BOLD undershoot following visual stimulation by using a purely T2‐weighted fMRI sequence at 1.5 and 3 T. By taking advantage of the field strength dependency of the T2 BOLD contrast and complete absence of static dephasing effects due to the pure spin echoes, one can draw conclusions about the origin of the BOLD undershoot and test the hypotheses in the literature. We observe a significant undershoot at both field strengths, with constant undershoot‐to‐main response ratio. This provides strong evidence that the undershoot is caused by BOLD changes due to elevated post‐stimulus deoxyhaemoglobin concentration in the small vessels. ‘Delayed vascular compliance’ as suggested by the well‐known Balloon and Windkessel models does not appear capable of explaining the undershoot. Our results also suggest that blood volume changes in arterioles and capillaries, for which there is consistent evidence from optical imaging studies, cannot alone cause the undershoot. This has important implications for models of neurovascular response and provides further support for the decoupling of changes in the rate of oxygen metabolism and blood flow. In addition, we found that an ‘arteriolar balloon’ (delayed arterial compliance) may provide a plausible explanation for the temporal characteristics of the BOLD undershoot. Hum Brain Mapp, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Functional deactivations: Multiple ipsilateral brain areas engaged in the processing of somatosensory information
Authors: Klingner Carsten M. , Huonker Ralph , Flemming Sandra , Hasler Caroline , Brodoehl Stefan , Preul Christoph , Burmeister Hartmut , Kastrup Andreas , Witte Otto W. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractSomatosensory signals modulate activity throughout a widespread network in both of the brain hemispheres: the contralateral as well as the ipsilateral side of the brain relative to the stimulated limb. To analyze the ipsilateral somatosensory brain areas that are engaged during limb stimulation, we performed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in 12 healthy subjects during electrical median nerve stimulation using both a block‐ and an event‐related fMRI design. Data were analyzed through the use of model‐dependent (SPM) and model‐independent (ICA) approaches. Beyond the well‐known positive blood oxygenation level‐dependent (BOLD) responses, negative deflections of the BOLD response were found consistently in several ipsilateral brain areas, including the primary somatosensory cortex, the supplementary motor area, the insula, the dorsal part of the posterior cingulate cortex, and the contralateral cerebellum. Compared to their positive counterparts, the negative hemodynamic responses showed a different time course, with an onset time delay of 2.4 s and a peak delay of 0.7 s. This characteristic delay was observed in all investigated areas and verified by a second (purely tactile) event‐related paradigm, suggesting a systematic difference for brain areas involved in the processing of somatosensory information. These findings may indicate that the physiological basis of these deactivations differs from that of the positive BOLD responses. Therefore, an altered model for the negative BOLD response may be beneficial to further model‐dependent fMRI analyses. Hum Brain Mapp, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.