bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated urban land cover analysis using deep learning and post‐classification correction
Authors: Techapinyawat Lapone , Timms Aaliyah , Lee Jim , Huang Yuxia , Zhang Hua 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe quantification of urban impervious area has important implications for the design and management of urban water and environmental infrastructure systems. This study proposes a deep learning model to classify 15‐cm aerial imagery of urban landscapes, coupled with a vector‐oriented post‐classification processing algorithm for automatically retrieving canopy‐covered impervious surfaces. In a case study in Corpus Christi, TX, deep learning classification covered an area of approximately 312 km2 (or 14.86 billion 0.15‐m pixels), and the post‐classification effort led to the retrieval of over 4 km2 (or 0.18 billion pixels) of additional impervious area. The results also suggest the underestimation of urban impervious area by existing methods that cannot consider the canopy‐covered impervious surfaces. By improving the identification and quantification of various impervious surfaces at the city scale, this study could directly benefit a variety of environmental and infrastructure management practices and enhance the reliability and accuracy of processed‐based models for urban hydrology and water infrastructure.
Link between parental myopia and early‐onset high myopia: Insights from a clinical retrospective analysis
Authors: Chamarty Sruthi , Kamalon Sreena , Madishetti Naveen , Verkicharla Pavan K. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionGenetic aetiology is suspected in the development of early‐onset high myopia (spherical equivalent refractive error [SER] ≤−6.00 D at ≤6 years of age), considering that the role of environmental factors in inducing high myopia is improbable at an early age. Therefore, we aimed to understand if early‐onset high myopia is associated with parental myopia in a clinical setting.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted in which information about demographics, age of apparent onset of myopia, refractive error, axial length, number of myopic parents, time spent outdoors and time spent on near‐work was obtained from electronic medical records (EMR). It included 195 myopic individuals categorised into (1) Early‐onset high myopes (EOHM): SER ≤ −6.00 D with age of presentation ≤6 years, (2) Early‐onset low myopes (EOLM): SER > −6.00 D with age of apparent onset ≤6 years, (3) Late‐onset high myopes (LOHM): SER ≤ −6.00 D with age of presentation and age of apparent onset >6 years and (4) Late‐onset low myopes (LOLM): SER > −6.00 D with age of apparent onset >6 years.ResultsOverall, 63% of individuals were found to have parental myopia. The proportion of individuals with EOHM, EOLM, LOHM and LOLM with parental myopia was 57%, 74%, 53% and 64%, respectively. After adjustment for age, gender and environmental factors, the odds of development of EOHM (Odds ratio: 0.78, 95% confidence interval: 0.25–2.48), EOLM (1.54, 0.65–3.67) or LOHM (0.70, 0.30–1.65) were similar in the presence of myopic parents, when compared with LOLM. The SER and axial length did not differ based on the number of myopic parents in any of these categories.ConclusionThis retrospective analysis reveals that the presence of parental myopia, which was self‐reported, did not induce additional risk for early‐onset high myopia.
The long and tortuous path towards improving photosynthesis by engineering elevated mesophyll conductance
Authors: Leverett Alistair , Kromdijk Johannes 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe growing demand for global food production is likely to be a defining issue facing humanity over the next 50 years. To tackle this challenge, there is a desire to bioengineer crops with higher photosynthetic efficiencies, to increase yields. Recently, there has been a growing interest in engineering leaves with higher mesophyll conductance (gm), which would allow CO2 to move more efficiently from the substomatal cavities to the chloroplast stroma. However, if crop yield gains are to be realised through this approach, it is essential that the methodological limitations associated with estimating gm are fully appreciated. In this review, we summarise these limitations, and outline the uncertainties and assumptions that can affect the final estimation of gm. Furthermore, we critically assess the predicted quantitative effect that elevating gm will have on assimilation rates in crop species. We highlight the need for more theoretical modelling to determine whether altering gm is truly a viable route to improve crop performance. Finally, we offer suggestions to guide future research on gm, which will help mitigate the uncertainty inherently associated with estimating this parameter.
The effect of oxidative degradation of Dopa‐melanin on its basic physicochemical properties and photoreactivity
Authors: Mokrzyński Krystian , Żądło Andrzej , Szewczyk Grzegorz , Sarna Michal , Camenisch Theodore G. , Ito Shosuke , Wakamatsu Kazumasa , Sarna Tadeusz 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMelanin, particularly eumelanin, is commonly viewed as an efficient antioxidant and photoprotective pigment. Nonetheless, the ability of melanin to photogenerate reactive oxygen species and sensitize the formation of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers may contribute to melanin‐dependent phototoxicity. The phototoxic potential of melanin depends on a variety of factors, including molecular composition, redox state, and degree of aggregation. Using complementary spectroscopic and analytical methods we analyzed the physicochemical properties of Dopa‐melanin, a synthetic model of eumelanin, subjected to oxidative degradation induced by aerobic photolysis or exposure to 0.1 M hydrogen peroxide. Both modes of oxidative degradation were accompanied by dose‐dependent bleaching of melanin and irreversible modifications of its paramagnetic, ion‐ and electron‐exchange and antioxidant properties. Bleached melanin exhibited enhanced efficiency to photogenerate singlet oxygen in both UVA and short‐wavelength visible light. Although chemical changes of melanin subunits, including a relative increase of DHICA content and disruption of melanin polymer induced by oxidative degradation were considered, these two mechanisms may not be sufficient for a satisfactory explanation of the elevated photosensitizing ability of the bleached eumelanin. This study points out possible adverse changes in the photoprotective and antioxidant properties of eumelanin that could occur in pigmented tissues after exposure to high doses of intense solar radiation.
Instructions for the use of L‐PRF in different clinical indications
Authors: Quirynen M. , Blanco J. , Wang H.‐L. , Donos N. , Temmerman A. , Castro A. , Pinto N. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAutologous platelet concentrates (APCs) have demonstrated clear benefits across various clinical applications, including alveolar ridge preservation, guided tissue regeneration, guided bone regeneration, sinus floor elevation (both lateral window approach and transcrestal technique), endodontic surgery, the treatment of medication‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw bones, and periodontal plastic surgery. To ensure an optimal clinical outcome, clinicians must adhere strictly to the protocol to prepare the APCs and, especially follow evidence‐based surgical guidelines, often simple but crucial, to minimize the likelihood of errors. The majority of clinical trials reported on second‐generation APCs [the leukocyte‐ and platelet‐rich fibrin (L‐PRF) family, including its modifications (A‐PRF, A‐PRF+, CGF, T‐PRF, H‐PRF, etc.)]. These second‐generation APCs offer additional benefits compared to the first‐generation APCs, making them the preferred choice for the development of clinical recommendations. These recommendations have been formulated through a meticulous examination of the available clinical data and the clinical experience of the authors of this paper.
Physical activity, problematic gaming behavior, and quality of life prior and during the first 9 months of the COVID‐19 pandemic: Findings from a longitudinal study among university students
Authors: Haug Ellen , Rønnestad Mathilde , Smith Otto Robert Frans 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundGenerally, there is limited information on longitudinal trends and the interrelations between physical activity (PA), problematic gaming behavior (PGB), described as a dysfunctional pattern of videogame activities, and quality of life (QoL) based on data that include measurements from both pre‐ and postpandemic onset. This is also the case for university students. As society faced unprecedented restrictions during this period, these aspects may have developed unfavorably.ObjectiveTo examine PA, PGB, and QoL among Norwegian University students prior to and during the initial stages of the pandemic and assess their temporal interrelations.MethodThe data are derived from the “Students' Psychological Health Over Time” study (SPOT). Linear mixed models were used to examine the development from January 2020 to November 2020 over three time points for the total sample and across gender. A traditional cross‐lagged panel model analysis was used to estimate temporal associations. Age, gender, socioeconomic status, and partner status were included as covariates.FindingsPA and QoL decreased linearly over time (Cohen's d = 0.12 and 0.35, respectively), while only male students reported a small reduction in PGB (Cohen's d = 0.03). PA levels decreased considerably more for male students than female students (Cohen's d = 0.17 and 0.09, respectively). There was a small reciprocal negative temporal association between PA and PGB (standardized β = −0.04 and −0.05, respectively). All other temporal associations were not statistically significant in the adjusted analysis.ConclusionThe findings highlight gender‐variant negative developments in PA and QoL and suggest a negative reciprocal interrelation between PA and PGB. The findings point to potential adverse health effects that should be taken into account when restrictive pandemic measures are considered.
Influence of intramuscular steroid receptor content and fiber capillarization on skeletal muscle hypertrophy
Authors: Van Vossel Kim , Hardeel Julie , Van der Stede Thibaux , Weyns Anneleen , Boone Jan , Blemker Silvia Salinas , Derave Wim , Lievens Eline 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMultiple intramuscular variables have been proposed to explain the high variability in resistance training induced muscle hypertrophy across humans. This study investigated if muscular androgen receptor (AR), estrogen receptor α (ERα) and β (ERβ) content and fiber capillarization are associated with fiber and whole‐muscle hypertrophy after chronic resistance training. Male (n = 11) and female (n = 10) resistance training novices (22.1 ± 2.2 years) trained their knee extensors 3×/week for 10 weeks. Vastus lateralis biopsies were taken at baseline and post the training period to determine changes in fiber type specific cross‐sectional area (CSA) and fiber capillarization by immunohistochemistry and, intramuscular AR, ERα and ERβ content by Western blotting. Vastus lateralis volume was quantified by MRI‐based 3D segmentation. Vastus lateralis muscle volume significantly increased over the training period (+7.22%; range: −1.82 to +18.8%, p < 0.0001) but no changes occurred in all fiber (+1.64%; range: −21 to +34%, p = 0.869), type I fiber (+1.33%; range: −24 to +41%, p = 0.952) and type II fiber CSA (+2.19%; range: −23 to +29%, p = 0.838). However, wide inter‐individual ranges were found. Resistance training increased the protein expression of ERα but not ERβ and AR, and the increase in ERα content was positively related to changes in fiber CSA. Only for the type II fibers, the baseline capillary‐to‐fiber‐perimeter index was positively related to type II fiber hypertrophy but not to whole muscle responsiveness. In conclusion, an upregulation of ERα content and an adequate initial fiber capillarization may be contributing factors implicated in muscle fiber hypertrophy responsiveness after chronic resistance training.
MeGT2.6 increases cellulose synthesis and active gibberellin content to promote cell enlargement in cassava
Authors: Bao Ruxue , Zeng Changying , Li Ke , Li Mengtao , Li Yajun , Zhou Xincheng , Wang Haiyan , Wang Yajie , Huang Dongyi , Wang Wenquan , Chen Xin 
Published: May 2024

SUMMARYCassava, a pivotal tropical crop, exhibits rapid growth and possesses a substantial biomass. Its stem is rich in cellulose and serves as a crucial carbohydrate storage organ. The height and strength of stems restrict the mechanised operation and propagation of cassava. In this study, the triple helix transcription factor MeGT2.6 was identified through yeast one‐hybrid assay using MeCesA1pro as bait, which is critical for cellulose synthesis. Over‐expression and loss‐of‐function lines were generated, and results revealed that MeGT2.6 could promote a significant increase in the plant height, stem diameter, cell size and thickness of SCW of cassava plant. Specifically, MeGT2.6 upregulated the transcription activity of MeGA20ox1 and downregulated the expression level of MeGA2ox1, thereby enhancing the content of active GA3, resulting in a large cell size, high plant height and long stem diameter in cassava. Moreover, MeGT2.6 upregulated the transcription activity of MeCesA1, which promoted the synthesis of cellulose and hemicellulose and produced a thick secondary cell wall. Finally, MeGT2.6 could help supply additional substrates for the synthesis of cellulose and hemicellulose by upregulating the invertase genes (MeNINV1/6). Thus, MeGT2.6 was found to be a multiple regulator; it was involved in GA metabolism and sucrose decomposition and the synthesis of cellulose and hemicellulose.
Biological variation of 16 biochemical analytes estimated from a large clinicopathologic database of dogs and cats
Authors: Tamamoto Takashi , Miki Yohei , Sakamoto Mei , Yoshii Maiko , Yamada Megumi , Sudo Daisuke , Fusato Yusuke , Ozawa Junko , Satake Chikara 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundBiochemical measurements are commonly evaluated using population‐based reference intervals; however, there is a growing trend toward reassessing results with within‐subject variation (CVI).ObjectivesWe aimed to estimate the CVI of 16 biochemical analytes using a large database of dogs and cats, which refers to the results of routine health checkups.MethodsPairs of sequential results for 16 analytes were extracted from a database of adult patients. The second result was divided by the first result to produce the ratio of sequential results (rr), and the frequency distribution of rr was plotted. From the plots, the coefficient of variation (CVrr) was calculated. Analytical variation (CVA) was calculated using quality control data, and CVI was estimated as follows: . Estimated CVI was compared with previously reported CVI using the Bland–Altman plot analysis.ResultsFrom the database, 9078 data points from 3610 dogs and 3743 data points from 1473 cats were extracted, with 5468 data pairs for dogs and 2270 for cats. Sampling intervals ranged from 10 to 1970 days (median 366) for dogs and 23 to 1862 days (median 365) for cats. Bland–Altman analysis showed most CVI plots fell within the limits of agreement; however, positive fixed biases were observed in both dogs and cats.ConclusionsOur study introduces a novel approach of estimating CVI using routine health checkup data in dogs and cats. Despite biases, our method holds promise for clinical application in assessing the significance of measurement result differences.
Ultrasonographic and CT‐scan findings of splenic active chylous effusion and postlymphangiography enhancement in a cat with chylothorax associated with splenic angiosarcoma
Authors: Roels Elodie , Pierrot Emilie , Porsmoguer Charles , Herrmann Annika , Fastrès Aline , Bolen Géraldine 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA 12‐year‐old domestic shorthair cat was presented with relapsing noncardiogenic chylothorax. CT‐lymphangiography of the thorax confirmed bilateral pleural effusion without evidence of an underlying intra‐thoracic origin. Abdominal CT‐lymphangiography revealed a 2.6 cm diameter splenic mass surrounded by chylous effusion actively collecting during ultrasonographic assessment. Following splenectomy, histopathological analysis revealed that the splenic mass exhibited characteristics indicative of splenic angiosarcoma. This case report highlights the utility of advanced thoracic and abdominal imaging, notably CT‐lymphangiography, in the diagnostic evaluation of chylothorax in cats. The identification of a splenic mass encased in chylous effusion should prompt a proactive case management strategy.
Variables associated with the prevalence of self‐reported work‐related musculoskeletal disorders in veterinary laparoscopic surgeons
Authors: Smith Meghan R. , Buote Nicole J. , Sumner Julia P. , Freeman Lynetta J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between physical attributes and difficulty performing laparoscopic maneuvers with the prevalence of self‐reported musculoskeletal injury.Study designOnline survey.Sample populationSurgeons (n = 140) with 3 or more years of laparoscopic experience.MethodsElectronic survey distributed via LISTSERVEs and Facebook groups. Responses collected included surgeon attributes, presence of musculoskeletal injuries, and surgical practice data. Statistical analysis was performed using the Shapiro–Wilk test, linear regression, logistic regression, and Wilcoxon rank sum tests.ResultsA total of 52 of the 140 respondents reported a musculoskeletal injury with 38 specifying at least one injury (72%). Neck strain was the most prevalent reported musculoskeletal injury (18/52, 34.6%), followed by shoulder tendinopathies (16/52, 30.8%), arm/hand tendonitis (8/52, 15.4%), carpal tunnel (7/52, 13.5%), back pain (4/52, 7.7%) and arm/hand arthritis (1/52, 1.9%). Women were significantly more likely to report a musculoskeletal problem than men (p = .011) with the odds of women reporting a musculoskeletal injury 2.59 times greater than men. Women and surgeons with smaller glove sizes were significantly more likely to report shoulder tendonitis (p = .034, p = .1) and neck strain (p = .009, p = .001). Respondents with a musculoskeletal problem experienced significantly more difficulty using rotating cup biopsy forceps (p < .001) and perceived this as difficult a greater amount of time (p = .006).ConclusionFemale surgeons report more musculoskeletal injuries than their male counterparts. Surgeons with musculoskeletal injuries experience more difficulty performing particular laparoscopic maneuvers.Clinical significanceImproving ergonomics for women and surgeons with smaller glove sizes must be prioritized to improve surgeon health and laparoscopic instrument use.
Wheeled mobility use outcomes: a systematic review protocol of measurement properties
Authors: Mendoza Kiera , Loeser Madison , Ouellet Béatrice , Best Krista L. , Rushton Paula W. , Kenyon Lisa K. , Hinrichs Rachel J. , Chase Tony 
Published: May 2024

Introduction:
Numerous tools have been developed to measure constructs related to wheelchair use. Currently, no toolkit comprehensively details assessments of wheeled mobility device use based on the quality of their measurement properties. The current review aims to systematically identify high-quality assessment tools that measure different aspects of wheeled mobility use.

Objective:
The objectives are two-fold: i) to synthesize outcome measures that assess use of wheeled mobility devices, and ii) to evaluate measurement properties of the assessment tools.

Inclusion criteria:
The populations of interest are manual wheelchair users, power wheelchair users, and scooter users of any age, diagnosis, or setting. Instruments of any type will be included.

Method:
The JBI methodology for systematic reviews of measurement properties will guide this review. A search strategy will be developed to search the following databases: MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase, CINAHL (EBSCOhost), PsycINFO (EBSCOhost), PsycTests (EBSCOhost), Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The article selection process, data extraction, and quality appraisal will be performed by 2 independent reviewers, with a third reviewer being consulted to achieve consensus. The methodological quality of the studies will be assessed through the Consensus Standards for the Selection of Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) Risk of Bias tool and the COSMIN Checklist. The quality of the pooled evidence and individual measurement properties will be graded using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach and the COSMIN Criteria for Good Measurement Properties recommendations. Measurement properties of each instrument will be described, with the goal of developing a toolkit that identifies appropriate assessment tools for wheeled mobility use outcomes.

Review registration:
PROSPERO CRD4202276169
Experimental Investigations of Heat Transfer in Simultaneously Developing Transitional Regime of Mixed Convection Flows in a Vertical Tube
Authors: Gorai Somenath , Samanta Devranjan , Das Sarit K. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The study of flow behavior in the simultaneously developing transitional regime of mixed convection flows is rare. It has been believed that the transitional regime will give a good compromise between pressure drop and heat transfer compared to laminar and turbulent flow regime. In this experimental study, the friction factor (f) and Nusselt number (Nu) characteristics for buoyancy-assisted and opposed flows of water in concurrently developing transitional regime of mixed convection through a vertical tube are studied. Experiments were done for Reynolds numbers (Re) varying from 500 to 15,000, Grashof numbers (Gr) from 1.25 × 104 to 5 × 106, Prandtl numbers (Pr) from 3 to 7, and Richardson numbers (Ri) from 0 to 0.1 subjected to uniform heat flux boundary conditions. A flow visualization provision after the test section which confirms an early transition in buoyancy-opposing flow (Rec = 2264) compared to buoyancy-aiding flow (Rec = 2468) at a fixed Ri of 0.1. Further, with the increase in Ri from 0 to 0.1, the average f decreases, and the average Nu increases in both aiding and opposing flows. It confirms that the onset of transition gets delayed with the increase of heat flux supplied in both the flows. Based on the present outcomes, an efficient heat exchanging device can be operated either to delay or advance the transition in a vertical pipe flow for optimum heat transfer.
Supplemental Material: Globally significant mass of terrestrial organic carbon efficiently transported by canyon-flushing turbidity currents
Authors: Baker Megan L. , al. et 
Published: May 2024

<p>Supplemental methods (deployment and specification of monitoring equipment, turbidity current identification, time-lapse seafloor surveys, analysis of sediment samples, and organic carbon budget calculations); Tables S1–S5; Figure S1. </p>