bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Iron-rich food consumption and predictors among children aged 6–59 months old in Ethiopia: A multilevel complex sample analysis of the Ethiopian mini-demographic and health survey 2019 data
Authors: Beressa Girma , Desta Fikreab , Lencha Bikila , Sahiledengle Biniyam , Atlaw Daniel , Gomora Degefa , Zenbaba Demisu , Nigussie Eshetu , Ejigu Neway , Yazew Tamiru , Mesfin Telila , Beressa Kenenisa 
Published: June 2024

Background
Children with inadequate iron consumption had slower growth, weaker immunity, and poor cognitive development. Although the public health importance of iron-rich consumption in Ethiopia is known, evidence for iron-rich food consumption and predictors among children aged 6–59 months old in Ethiopia is sparse. This study aimed to assess iron-rich food consumption and predictors among children aged 6–59 months old in Ethiopia.

Methods
This study used Ethiopia mini demographic and health survey 2019 (EMDHS-2019) data with a total weighted sample size of 5,112 among children aged 6–59 months old. A multilevel mixed effect logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of good iron-rich food consumption.

Results
The proportion of good consumption of iron-rich foods among children aged 6–59 months was 27.99% (24.22, 32.10%). The findings revealed that children born to mothers who completed primary education [AOR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.11, 3.19], a higher education [AOR = 4.45, 95% CI: 1.28, 15.48], being born to the poorer family [AOR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.04, 3.43], richer [AOR = 2.12, 95% CI: 1.03, 4.36], and richest [AOR = 3.57, 95% CI: 1.29, 9.93] were positively associated with good iron-rich food consumption among children aged 6–59 months old. Nevertheless, being 24–59 month-old children [AOR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.44, 0.72], residents of the Afar [AOR = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.67], Amhara region [AOR = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.14, 0.65], and Somali region [AOR = 0.01, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.07] were negatively associated with good iron-rich food consumption among children aged 6–59 months old.

Conclusion
The finding revealed that there was low consumption of iron-rich foods among children aged 6–59 months in Ethiopia compared to reports from East African countries. Improving women’s literacy and economic empowerment would improve iron-rich food consumption among children aged 6–59 months old. This study’s findings would have implications for policymakers in Ethiopia to enhance iron-rich food consumption.
Initial Payment and Refunding Scheme for Climate Change Mitigation and Technological Development Among Heterogeneous Countries
Authors: Takashima Nobuyuki 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We examine international environmental agreements (IEAs) in which heterogeneous countries work together to not only participate in the abatement of greenhouse gas emissions but also develop breakthrough technologies. In this paper, the country with the most advanced technology (i.e. the technological leader) develops a new abatement technology and distributes it to other countries (i.e. technological laggards) through licensing. We design a new mechanism to achieve cooperation among heterogeneous countries through an initial payment and refunding (IPR) scheme and licensing involving third-party organizations (TPOs). Under our new IPR scheme with licensing, the cost incurred by a technology leader in developing new technology is covered by licensing fees using a portion of the initial payments collected from technological laggards by a TPO. As a result, TPOs sustain IEAs by flexibly adjusting technological laggards’ share of costs for licensing, comprising initial payments and refunds, and the amount of the licensing payment made to the technological leader.
Inverse design of nonlinear metasurfaces for sum frequency generation
Authors: Li Neuton , Zhang Jihua , Neshev Dragomir N. , Sukhorukov Andrey A. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Sum frequency generation (SFG) has multiple applications, from optical sources to imaging, where efficient conversion requires either long interaction distances or large field concentrations in a quadratic nonlinear material. Metasurfaces provide an essential avenue to enhanced SFG due to resonance with extreme field enhancements with an integrated ultrathin platform. In this work, we formulate a general theoretical framework for multi-objective topology optimization of nanopatterned metasurfaces that facilitate high-efficiency SFG and simultaneously select the emitted direction and tailor the metasurface polarization response. Based on this framework, we present novel metasurface designs showcasing ultimate flexibility in transforming the outgoing nonlinearly generated light for applications spanning from imaging to polarimetry. For example, one of our metasurfaces produces highly polarized and directional SFG emission with an efficiency of over 0.2 cm2 GW−1 in a 10 nm signal operating bandwidth.
A review on the green chemistry perspective of multipurpose use of cow urine
Authors: Pandit Nikita , Deoghare Chetana , Chaudhury Sujoy K. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The use of cow urine (CU) in treating a variety of illness can be traced back to ancient ages. It has been referred as an important and integral component of Cowpathy – an age-old practice in Indian sub-continent since the Vedic period (1500 BC – 600 BC). The CU contains several important compounds that are essential in maintaining a balance between the well-being of human and the nature. It is composed of about 95 % water and other useful ingredients such as urea, hormones, lyase enzyme, and salts containing Fe, Ca, P, Mn, S, N, and K. In addition, it also contains lactose, cytokine, and amino acid which are the fundamental building blocks of protein. Researchers have developed various processes for the green synthesis of CU concentrate and evaluated its usefulness in treating various diseases owing to its antibacterial and antifungal properties. Further, CU has also shown promising immunity boosting and anti-oxidant characteristics. Even though human civilization has benefited from the use of CU in treating various types illness but the modern scientific understanding of the cause-effect relationships was partly developed in the last few decades. There exists a huge knowledge gap and a comprehensive study on exploring the science and application of CU hasn’t been reported. This paper reviews the historical perspective, compositional analysis, processing, applications, knowledge gap, and future research required in the field of therapeutic usage of CU.
Facile design of PTFE-kaolin-based ternary nanocomposite as a hydrophobic and high corrosion-barrier coating
Authors: Chen Anqi , Zhao Yan , Chen Hongda , Ma Huachao , Lv Kuilin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Superhydrophobic nanostructured coatings are a promising technology in construction engineering. This study developed a hydrophobic film through a simple mixing method, utilizing kaolin and polytetrafluoroethylene as additive particles, 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluoro-decyl triethoxysilane as a modifier, and epoxide resin and polyamide curing agent as adhesives. By controlling variables, it was determined that the C1P0.2EP coating immersed in a 3.5 wt% NaCl solution for 1, 3, and 7 days exhibited the maximum impedance radii of 47,373, 20,334, and 1,982 Ω·cm2, respectively. It also demonstrated the highest Bode modulus values, the largest E
corr, and the smallest I
corr. Furthermore, after 300 h in a salt spray chamber with a 3.5 wt% NaCl solution, the C1P0.2EP coating showed no rust spots or bubbles, demonstrating its excellent corrosion resistance. Moreover, wear resistance tests and self-cleaning experiments were conducted on the C1P0.2EP coating. The results showed that after 100 friction cycles, the surface exhibited no visible scratches, and the contact angle of the coating decreased by only 4°. Additionally, neither soil particles nor dirty water adhered to the coating, indicating that the C1P0.2EP hydrophobic coating possesses not only excellent corrosion resistance but also superior wear resistance and self-cleaning capabilities.
Association Between Gender and Salary Among Pediatric Hospital Medicine Physicians
Authors: Forster Catherine S. , Polak Catherine A. , Chen Chen , Kim Juliann L. , Allan Jessica M. , Gold Jessica M. , Ruch-Ross Holly S. , Fromme H. Barrett , Huang Bin , Schondelmeyer Amanda C. 
Published: June 2024

OBJECTIVES
Gender-based disparities in salary exist in multiple fields of medicine. However, there is limited data examining gender inequities in salary in pediatric hospital medicine (PHM). Our primary objective was to assess whether gender-based salary differences exist in PHM. The secondary objective was to assess if, among women, the differences in salary varied on the basis of leadership positions or self-identified race and ethnicity.

METHODS
We conducted a survey-based, cross-sectional study of pediatric hospitalists in December 2021. Our primary outcomes were base and total salary, adjusted for the reported number of average weekly work hours. We performed subanalyses by presence of a leadership position, as well as race. We used a weighted t test using inverse probability weighting to compare the outcomes between genders.

RESULTS
A total of 559 eligible people responded to our survey (51.0%). After propensity score weighting, women’s mean base salary was 87.7% of men’s base (95% confidence interval [CI] 79.8%–96.4%, P &lt; .01), and women’s total salary was 85.6% of men’s total (95% CI 73.2%–100.0%, P = .05) salary. On subgroup analysis of respondents with a leadership position, women’s total salary was 80.6% of men’s total salary (95% CI 68.7%–94.4%, P &lt; .01). Although women who identified as white had base salaries that were 86.6% of white men’s base salary (95% CI 78.5%–95.5%, P &lt; .01), there was no gender-based difference noted between respondents that identified as nonwhite (88.4% [69.9%–111.7%] for base salary, 80.3% [57.2% to 112.7%]).

CONCLUSIONS
Gender-based discrepancies in salary exists in PHM, which were increased among those with leadership roles. Continued work and advocacy are required to achieve salary equity within PHM.
The Global Burden of Disease Attributable to Child and Maternal Malnutrition: 1990–2019
Authors: Gong Xingyu , Tang Yuqin , Zhang Mingyi , Yu Yingying , Hu Wanqin , Xu Ying , Liu Yuqi , Sun Hongyu , Yu Guanghui , Zhai Chunxia , Zong Qiqun , Wang Fang , Zou Yanfeng 
Published: June 2024

OBJECTIVE
With this study, we aimed to estimate the disease burden attributable to child and maternal malnutrition (CMM) throughout the world between 1990 and 2019.

METHODS
The number, age-standardized rate, population attributable fraction of deaths, disability-adjusted life-years, years of life lost, and years lived with disability associated with CMM were estimated using the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 by age, sex, year, location, and sociodemographic index at the global level. The slope index of inequality and concentration index were employed to measure socioeconomic-related health inequalities across countries.

RESULTS
The number (million) of global deaths, disability-adjusted life-years, and years of life lost related to CMM were 2.9, 294.8, and 250.5 in 2019, showing decreases of 60.8, 57.4, and 60.7% since 1990. However, the number of years lived with CMM-related disability increased from 36.0 in 1990 to 44.3 in 2019. Additionally, the age-standardized rates of these 4 indicators showed varying degrees of decline. The global burden of CMM-related conditions differed with age and sex. The burden was the heaviest in western sub-Saharan Africa, especially in Chad. In terms of diseases, neonatal disorders represented the most significant burden attributed to CMM. Additionally, the CMM burden was more concentrated in regions with low sociodemographic indices, shown by the slope index of inequality and concentration index.

CONCLUSIONS
The findings of this study highlight the ongoing global burden of CMM, particularly in terms of years lived with disability. Population-wide actions targeting the effective treatment and relief of CMM may reduce the CMM-related disease burden.
The vein of gold. In search of a methodological renewal of dogmatics based on the reading of Lech Wołowski’s book entitled “The problematics of paradox in the thought of Henri de Lubac and Hans Urs von Balthasar”
Authors: Smuniewski Cezary 
Published: June 2024

This study is presented in the form of a research-review article and consists of reflections informed by a reading of Lech Wołowski’s monograph “The Problematics of Paradox in the Thought of Henri de Lubac and Hans Urs von Balthasar”, while simultaneously drawing from other works by the same researcher. The aim of this article is to present the paradox method as a means to deepen theological research. This method is portrayed as a proposition that can be applied in theological research, much like in other scientific domains. This approach may contribute to addressing the contemporary crisis in dogmatics and serve in formulating responses to current “profound” questions posed by individuals and society.
John Paul II and Benedict XVI’s concern for the protection of the faithful against the most serious crimes, with particular emphasis on the sexual abuse of minors committed by clergy
Authors: Trojanowski Bartosz 
Published: June 2024

The problem of dealing justly and efficiently with the most serious crimes in the Church after the promulgation of the Code of Canon Law in 1983 became the concern of Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger, later Benedict XVI, and John Paul II. Their cooperation and the decisions of Benedict XVI, as a continuation of the path started, laid the foundations for the creation of a system of canonical criminal law capable of responding properly and effectively to the most serious crimes committed by the faithful in the Church. The introduction of a clear scope of competence for the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, the definition of a longer limitation period, the possibility of revoking it, the centralization of procedural steps, entrusting them to qualified personnel, enabling the control of the action of individual superiors are very concrete legal solutions that confirm the teaching of the Church and the definite statements of the two Popes on the protection of the most vulnerable in the Church from the immense harm of sexual abuse that some clerics could commit against them. The article presents and discusses concrete legal solutions and relates them with the teachings and attitudes of the two popes towards protecting minors in the Church. It is an attempt to argue for the defense of their good names and to oppose the unfounded accusations made against these two authorities.
The apocalyptic thought in the early Church as a response to the fears in the 21st century
Authors: Kulik Bogdan 
Published: June 2024

Tekst dotyczy chrześcijańskiego rozumienia pojęcia “apokalipsy”. Autor prezentuje oryginalny sposób odnowy eschatologicznego myślenia w świecie współczesnym. Aktualne wydarzenia, ruchy społeczne i ideologie postrzegane są często jako fenomeny o charakterze apokaliptycznym, ponieważ powodują lęk, beznadzieję i fałszywe rozumienie Boga. W artykule jest podejmowana kwestia myślienia apokaliptycznego w pierwotnym Kościele, którego istotą jest wiara w zmartwychwstanie i powtórne przyjście Jezusa Chrystusa. Na podstawie teologicznej analizy apokaliptycznej doktryny pierwotnego Kościoła i Apokalipsy św. Jana, autor proponuje metodę przeciwdziałania lękom ludzi XXI wieku. Lekiem na wszystkie lęki jest nadzieja, która stanowi element konstytutywny chrześcijańskiego myślenia apokaliptycznego.
ЭВОЛЮЦИЯ ИННОВАЦИОННЫХ ЭКОСИСТЕМ И ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЯ БИЗНЕСА
Authors: Митенков Алексей Владимирович , Елисеева Евгения Николаевна 
Published: June 2024

Цель. Данная статья представляет исследование, освещающее уникальные аспекты эволюции инновационных экосистем и связанный с ним процесс трансформации моделей ведения бизнеса в различных областях.
Методология. В статье использован метод анализа научного и практического знания, понятий и категорий, и последующий синтез научных выводов.
Результаты. Современные инновационные экосистемы становятся главным двигателем прогресса, объединяя пространственное развитие, науку, технологии и бизнес. В статье раскрывается взаимодействие между акторами экосистемы, анализируются ключевые факторы, способствующие эволюции экосистемы, рассматривается их влияние на пространственное развитие, научные исследования, технологические инновации и бизнес-практики. Главной идеей статьи является рассмотрение новых направлений в исследованиях, ориентированных на дальнейшее раскрытие потенциала инновационных экосистем в формировании будущего общества.
Перспективы исследования заключаются в развитии теоретических основ для разработки механизма и инструментария трансформации системы управления организаций в условиях развития экосистем.
НЕОПЛАТОНИЗМ, ИЗЛОЖЕННЫЙ ЯСНО, КАК СОЛНЦЕ, И ЦИФРОВАЯ ЗЕМЛЯ
Authors: Ерёмченко Евгений Николаевич 
Published: June 2024

Цель исследования — междисциплинарное рассмотрение общенаучных оснований и логики становления нового подхода к управлению, известного как «Цифровая Земля» и ассоциируемого с научной геопространственной революцией.
Методологическую основу исследования составляет комплекс общенаучных методов и подходов, центральное место в котором занимают холистический, системный и междисциплинарный подходы, метод вскрытия и анализа парадоксов, диалектический и сравнительный методы. В качестве базиса для системного исследования используется работа А. Ф. Лосева «Неоплатонизм, изложенный ясно, как солнце», представляющая собой концентрированное изложение холистического мировоззрения.
Результаты исследования. Показано, что в Цифровой Земле за счёт использования беззнаковых средств представления геоконтекста реализован сверхголографический режим представления обстановки, удовлетворяющий условиям обеспечения ситуационной осведомлённости. Тем самым Цифровая Земля первой из систем управления вышла за рамки семиотического и позволила обеспечить целостное восприятие обстановки без её принудительной категоризации. Показано, что логика внутреннего диалектического развития геопространственных методов в направлении холизма соответствует логике холистического мировоззрения, изложенного А. Ф. Лосевым.
Перспективы исследования. Полученные в ходе исследования результаты обозначают перспективу гармонизации философии и передовых научных направлений в новых технологических реалиях и перехода к системному, теоретически обоснованному и инструментально обеспеченному решению комплексов проблем, связанных с неэффективным глобальным управлением и представляющих собой угрозу существования цивилизации.
РОЛЬ МУЗЕЯ В ТРАНСЛЯЦИИ ДУХОВНО-НРАВСТВЕННЫХ ЦЕННОСТЕЙ СОВРЕМЕННОЙ РОССИЙСКОЙ МОЛОДЕЖИ
Authors: Шилина Наталья Анатольевна , Кокуашвили Наталья Борисовна , Самыгина Людмила Владимировна 
Published: June 2024

Целью исследования выступает анализ роли музеев в трансляции духовно-нравственных ценностей современной российской молодежи, выявление отношения молодых людей к музеям и их деятельности, определение перспективных направлений развития современных музейных учреждений, способов оптимизации их деятельности.
Методологическую базу составляют социально-философские ценностные концепции, теория социального действия М. Вебера, теория социальных систем Т. Парсонса, теория социального взаимодействия П. Сорокина. Эмпирическая основа исследования включает результаты социологических опросов, проведенных крупнейшими всероссийскими и региональными исследовательскими центрами и посвященных отношению молодежи к музейным учреждениям, структуре досуга молодежи и приобщению к культуре посредством посещения музеев.
Результаты исследования. Музей как социокультурный институт играет в настоящее время важную роль в рамках реализации государственной политики в части, касающейся трансляции традиционных духовно-нравственных ценностей в среде современной молодежи в России. При этом посещение музеев не является самой распространенной формой проведения досуга в молодежной среде, что оказывает влияние на характер реализации рассматриваемой функции музейных учреждений. В настоящее время популяризация культурных ценностей, привлечение молодежи к музейной жизни и формирование у молодых людей соответствующей музейной культуры предусматривает активное присутствие данных учреждений в информационной и цифровой среде.
Перспективу исследования составляет углубленный анализ функционирования современных музейных учреждений с целью определения перспективных способов оптимизации их деятельности, направленной на привлечение молодых посетителей, вовлечение представителей молодежи в различные виды музейной активности.
Paleoseismic Investigation of the Thousand Springs Fault, Northwestern Basin and Range, Oregon
Authors: Curtiss Elizabeth R. , Weldon II Ray J. , Egger Anne E. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
Earthquake recurrence intervals, surface-rupture extents, and interactions between faults provide insight into how faults behave and are critical for seismic hazard mitigation and earthquake forecasting. Investigating the paleoseismology of spatially related faults can reveal strain distribution and whether faults rupture as a system or independently. Summer Lake basin, a graben in the northwestern Basin and Range with four active faults (three of which have prior paleoseismic investigations), provides an opportunity to investigate fault interactions. To expand the paleoseismic record, two trenches were excavated across the previously undocumented Thousand Springs fault, exposing a normal fault zone that offsets a sequence of deep- to shallow-water lake sediments, sand dunes containing reworked Mazama ash, and other Cascades-sourced tephra. Tephra units were correlated to known units by their physical characteristics, stratigraphic sequence, glass chemistry, and two new radiocarbon dates from the uppermost lake sediments. Using trench exposures, measured vertical separations through auguring, colluvial wedges, and extrapolated offsets based on a constant sedimentation rate, we identified at least five surface-rupturing earthquakes with a total offset of 3.4 + 2/−1 m in the past ∼65 ka. The oldest event (EH5) occurred at 63.8 ± 1.5 ka, event horizon 4 at 36.2 ± 12.7 ka (which could be more than one event), and event horizon 3 at 24.6 ± 0.3 ka. Event horizon 2, a warping event at our site, is likely more than one event and occurred between 7.5 and 10 ka; and the most recent event (EH1+), most likely more than one event, occurred between 3.3 and 7.7 ka. Several events correlate, within error, with events on other faults in the Summer Lake basin, suggesting that (1) the faults generally rupture together as a system, (2) the most recent earthquake may have ruptured all faults in the region, and (3) fault rupture is influenced by the rapid regression of Lake Chewaucan (∼13 ka).