bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANATOMY OF THE TIBIAL NERVE IN RELATION TO THE TARSAL TUNNEL: A CADAVERIC STUDY
Authors: Ubillus H. , Mattos I. , Campos G. , Soares S. , Kennedy J.G. 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionTibial nerve anatomy has not been studied profoundly in comparison to Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome (TTS). Assuming symptoms are caused by an anatomical variant or mechanical cause regarding the tibial nerve, it is essential to investigate the anatomy of this structure taking in consideration that surgical and conservative treatments have shown poor results.Methods40 lower-leg specimens were obtained. Dissection started 20 centimeters proximal to the Dellon-McKinnon (DM) line towards the medial aspect of the naviculo-cuneiform joint distally. Anteriorly, dissection began at the tibio-talar medial gutter until the medial aspect of the Achilles tendon posteriorly. The plantar aspect extended from medial to lateral within the parameters previously described, ending at the level of the second metatarsal.ResultsThe flexor retinaculum had a denser consistency in 22.5% of the cases and the average length was 51.9 mm. The flexor retinaculum as an independent structure was found absent and 77.2% of cases as undistinguished extension of the crural fascia. The lateral plantar nerver (LPN) and abductor digiti minimi (ADM) nerve shared same origin in 80% of cases, 34.5% bifurcated proximal to the DM line, 31.2% distally and 34.3% at the same level. The medial calcaneal nerve (MCN) emerged proximal to the DM line in 100% of specimens. The medial plantar nerve (MPN) has its origin proximal to the DM line in 95% of cases.ConclusionThe flexor retinaculum is an extension of the crural fascia and not an independent structure. The LPN and ADM have the same origin in most cases and this presents as an important finding that must be studied in detail for clinical correlations between the motor and sensatory affections of the ADM and LPN respectively. Finally, the branches of the MCN and MPN are the most constant in their distribution and proximal origin in relation to the Dellon-McKinnon line.
PLANTAR STRUCTURES IN RELATION TO A STRAIGHT RETROGRADE HIND FOOT (RHF) NAIL INSERTED THROUGH A MIDLINE HEEL PAD APPROACH: A CADAVERIC STUDY
Authors: Hussain S. , Cinar E. N. , Baid M. , Acharya A. 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundRHF nail is an important tool for simultaneous ankle and subtalar joint stabilisation +/− fusion. Straight and curved RHF nails are available to use, but both seem to endanger plantar structures, especially the lateral plantar artery and nerve and Baxter's nerve.There is a paucity of literature on the structures at risk with a straight RHF nail inserted along a line bisecting the heel pad and the second toe (after Stephenson et al). In this study, plantar structures ‘at risk’ were studied in relation to a straight nail inserted as above.MethodsRe-creating real-life conditions and strictly following the recommended surgical technique with regards to the incision and guide-wire placement, we inserted an Orthosolutions Oxbridge nail into the tibia across the ankle and subtalar joints in 6 cadaveric specimens. Tissue flaps were then raised to expose the heel plantar structures and studied their relation to the inserted nail.ResultsThe medial plantar artery and nerve were always more than 10mm away from the medial edge of the nail, while the Baxter nerve was a mean 14mm behind. The lateral plantar nerve was a mean 7mm medial to the nail, while the artery was a mean 2.3mm away with macroscopic injury in one specimen. The other structures ‘at risk’ were the plantar fascia and small foot muscles.ConclusionLateral plantar artery and nerve are the most vulnerable structures during straight RHF nailing. The risk to heel plantar structures could be mitigated by making incisions longer, blunt dissection down to bone, meticulous retraction of soft tissues and placement of the protection sleeve down to bone to prevent the entrapment of plantar structures during guide-wire placement, reaming and nail insertion.
PREDICTORS OF METALWORK FAILURE AND NONUNION AFTER HINDFOOT CHARCOT RECONSTRUCTION
Authors: Najefi A. A. , Chan O. , Zaidi R. , Hester T. , Kavarthapu V. 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionSurgical reconstruction of deformed Charcot feet carries high risk of non-union, metalwork failure and deformity recurrence. The primary aim of this study was to identify the factors contributing to these complications following hindfoot Charcot reconstructions.MethodsWe retrospectively analysed patients who underwent hindfoot Charcot reconstruction with an intramedullary nail between 2007 and 2019 in our unit. Patient demographics, co-morbidities, weightbearing status and post-operative complications were noted. Metalwork breakage, non-union, deformity recurrence, concurrent midfoot reconstruction and the measurements related to intramedullary nail were also recorded.ResultsThere were 70 patients with mean follow up of 50±26 months. Seventy-two percent were fully weightbearing at 1 year post-operatively. The overall union rate was 83%. Age, BMI, HbA1c and peripheral vascular disease did not affect union. The ratio of nail diameter and isthmus was greater in the united compared to the non-united group (0.90±0.06 and 0.86±0.09, respectively; p = 0.03). Supplemental compression devices were used for 33% of those in the united compared to 8% in the non-united group (p = 0.04). All patients in the non-union group did not have a miss-a-nail screw. Metalwork failure was seen in 13 patients(19%). There was a significantly greater distal screw metalwork failure in those with supplementary bridging of tibia to midfoot (23% vs. 3%; p = 0.001). An intact medial malleolus was found more frequently in those with intact metalwork (77% vs. 54%, respectively; p = 0.02) and those with union (76% vs. 50%; p = 0.02). Broken metalwork occurred more frequently in patients with non-unions (69% vs. 8%; p < 0.001) and deformity recurrence (69% vs. 9%; p < 0.001).ConclusionSatisfactory clinical and radiographic outcomes occur in over 80% of patients. Union after hindfoot reconstruction occurs more frequently with an isthmic fit of the intramedullary nail, supplementary compression and miss-a-nail screws. An intact medial malleolus is protective against non-union and metalwork failure. Broken metalwork is linked to deformity recurrence and non-union.
The persistent benefits of decreasing default pill counts for postoperative narcotic prescriptions
Authors: Coppersmith Nathan , Sznol Joshua , Esposito Andrew , Flom Emily , Chiu Alexander , Yoo Peter 
Published: June 2024

Background
In 2017, a university-based academic healthcare system changed the opioid default pill count from 30 to 12 pills. Modifying the electronic default pill count influences short-term clinician prescribing practices. We sought to understand the long-term impact on postoperative opioid prescribing habits after an opioid default pill count reduction.

Materials and methods
A retrospective electronic medical record system (EMRS) review was conducted in a healthcare system comprised of seven affiliated hospitals. Patients who underwent a surgical procedure and were prescribed an opioid on discharge between 2017–2021 were evaluated. All prescriptions were converted into morphine equivalents (MME). Analyses were performed with the chi-square test and Bonferonni adjusted t-test.

Results
191,379 surgical procedures were studied. The average quantity of opioids prescribed decreased from 32 oxycodone 5 mg tablets in 2017 to 21 oxycodone 5 mg tablets in 2021 (236 MME to 154 MME, p<0.001). The percentage of patients obtaining a refill within 90 days of surgery varied between 18.3% and 19.9% (p<0.001). Patients with a pre-existing opioid prescription and opioid-naïve patients both had significant reductions in prescription quantities above the default MME (79.7% to 60.6% vs. 65.3% to 36.9%, p<0.001). There was no significant change in refills for both groups (pre-existing 36.7% to 38.3% (p = 0.1) vs naïve 15.0% to 15.3% (p = 0.29)).

Conclusions
The benefits of decreasing the default opioid pill count continue to accumulate long after the original change. Physician uptake of small changes to default EMRS practices represents a sustainable and effective intervention to reduce the quantities of postoperative opioids prescribed without deleterious effects on outpatient opiate requirements.
Vorolanib, sunitinib, and axitinib: A comparative study of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitors and their anti-angiogenic effects
Authors: Bakri Sophie J. , Lynch Jeff , Howard-Sparks Michelle , Saint-Juste Stephan , Saim Said 
Published: June 2024

Purpose
Pathological angiogenesis and vascular instability are observed in diabetic retinopathy (DR), diabetic macular edema (DME), and wet age-related macular degeneration (wAMD). Many receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) including vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) contribute to angiogenesis, whereas the RTK TIE2 is important for vascular stability. Pan-VEGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) such as vorolanib, sunitinib, and axitinib are of therapeutic interest over current antibody treatments that target only one or two ligands. This study compared the anti-angiogenic potential of these TKIs.

Methods
A kinase HotSpot™ assay was conducted to identify TKIs inhibiting RTKs associated with angiogenesis and vascular stability. Half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) for VEGFRs and TIE2 was determined for each TKI. In vitro angiogenesis inhibition was investigated using a human umbilical vein endothelial cell sprouting assay, and in vivo angiogenesis was studied using the chorioallantoic membrane assay. Melanin binding was assessed using a melanin-binding assay. Computer modeling was conducted to understand the TIE2-axitinib complex as well as interactions between vorolanib and VEGFRs.

Results
Vorolanib, sunitinib, and axitinib inhibited RTKs of interest in angiogenesis and exhibited pan-VEGFR inhibition. HotSpot™ assay and TIE2 IC50 values showed that only axitinib potently inhibited TIE2 (up to 89%). All three TKIs effectively inhibited angiogenesis in vitro. In vivo, TKIs were more effective at inhibiting VEGF-induced angiogenesis than the anti-VEGF antibody bevacizumab. Of the three TKIs, only sunitinib bound melanin. TKIs differ in their classification and binding to VEGFRs, which is important because type II inhibitors have greater selectivity than type I TKIs.

Conclusions
Vorolanib, sunitinib, and axitinib exhibited pan-VEGFR inhibition and inhibited RTKs associated with pathological angiogenesis. Of the three TKIs, only axitinib potently inhibited TIE2 which is an undesired trait as TIE2 is essential for vascular stability. The findings support the use of vorolanib for therapeutic inhibition of angiogenesis observed in DR, DME, and wAMD.
Desenvolvimento de quê e para quem?
Authors: Cardoso Luzia 
Published: June 2024

Trata-se de reflexão acerca do uso corrente do termo desenvolvimento nos discursos de agências internacionais, governamentais e acadêmico-científicos quando tratam de indicadores sociais e de saúde. Considera-se a importância da compreensão das Teorias do Desenvolvimento no movimento histórico para a compreensão da realidade, principalmente no método de Análise de Conjuntura. Chama-se a atenção para o conteúdo ideológico do termo desenvolvimento e de as Teorias de Desenvolvimento carregarem, em si, projetos de sociedades diferentes e, muitas vezes, antagônicos. Apresenta as principais vertentes da Teorias do Desenvolvimento. Concluindo, considera que o fato de as investigações em saúde visarem, em última instância, a intervenção na realidade, torna-se imprescindível que os autores explicitem a Teoria de Desenvolvimento que os respalda quando associam os seus resultados ao nível de desenvolvimento dos países.
Case reports of diagnosis and treatment of adrenal tumors complicated by rupture and formation of retroperitoneal hematoma
Authors: Nepomnyashchaya S. L. , Fedorov E. A. , Krasnov L. M. , Rebrova D. V. , Semiletova Y. V. , Pavlikova I. A. , Bakhtiyarova A. R. , Danilin V. N. , Dmitrichenko V. V. , Kuleshov O. V. , Alekseev M. A. , Pridvijkina T. S. , Loginova O. I. 
Published: June 2024

This article presents different variants of the clinical course of complications of adrenal tumors with rupture and formation of retroperitoneal hematomas, depending on the morphological characteristics of the neoplasms. The first clinical case described a 38-year-old patient with adrenocortical carcinoma of the left adrenal gland up to 8 cm in size, complicated by rupture with the formation of a retroperitoneal hematoma with a volume of 2800 cm3 , simulating a giant extraorgan retroperitoneal tumor with anemia and cachexia. After surgical treatment and stabilization of the condition, the patient is referred for chemotherapy with a positive outcome. The second case is about a 21-year-old patient with undiagnosed pheochromocytoma, who had a tumor rupture with hemorrhage and the development of acute symptoms against the background of the start of antihypertensive therapy. After the retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy, the condition stabilized. The third case is about the experience of observing a 45-year-old patient with myelolipoma up to 6.4 cm, complicated by a previously suffered retroperitoneal hematoma, in whom surgical treatment was not performed due to the presence of end-stage chronic kidney disease and stable tumor condition.
لێكه‌وته‌كانى شوێنى دراوسێيه‌تى هه‌رێمی كوردستانى عێراق شیكردنه‌وه‌یه‌كى جیۆپۆليتكی
Authors: Hawez Hawar J. , فەتحوڵا سەفین جەلال 
Published: June 2024

پوختە
هەرێمی کوردستانی عێراق دەکەوێتە بەشی باشووری ڕۆژئاوای هەرێمی یٔاسیا و لە بەشی باکووری ڕۆژهەڵاتی عێراق کە لە ڕۆژاواوە بووە بە پردێکی وشکانی لە ڕۆژاواوە بۆ سوریا و کەناری ناوەڕاست و لە باکوورەوە بەرەو تورکیا و لە ڕۆژهەڵاتەوە بەرەو ئێران تورکیا و ئەوروپا لەم توێژینەوەیەدا گفتوگۆ لەسەر کاریگەرییەکانی هەرێمی کوردستانی عێراق دەکرێت لەڕووی سیاسی و کۆمەڵایەتی و ئابووری و چۆنیەتی مامەڵەکردن لەگەڵ وڵاتانی دراوسێ و چۆنیەتی مامەڵەکردن لەگەڵ هەموو ڕووداوەکان لەسەر ئاستی ناوخۆ و هەرێم و نێودەوڵەتی ، ئەمەش بە كاریگەری و دەرئەنجامی سیاسەتی دەرەوە ئەنجام دەدرێت بە پەیرەو كردنی كاری سیاسی كە پلانی ستراتیجی دوور مەودای هەبێت، كە هەموو بەرژەوەندییە باشەکانی ئێستا و داهاتووی هەرێم لەبەرچاو بگرن و سیاسەتێکی ژیرانە بۆ دەسەڵات بهێننەكایەوە.
كلیلی وشەكان: هەرێم، سنوور، شوێنی دراوسێتی، جیۆپۆلەتیك، جوگرافیای سیاسی
Developmental dynamics of mitochondrial fission and fusion proteins in functionally divergent skeletal muscles of goat
Authors: Pani Sunil , Senapati Unmod , Pati Benudhara , Sahu Bijayashree , Swalsingh Gourabamani , Pani Punyadhara , Rout Subhasmita , Achary K. Gopinath , Bal Naresh C. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDuring skeletal muscle development, the intricate mitochondrial network formation relies on continuous fission and fusion. This process in larger mammals differs from rodents, the most used animal models. However, the expression pattern of proteins regulating mitochondrial dynamics in developing skeletal muscle remains unexplored in larger mammals. Therefore, we characterized the cellular expression and tissue‐level distribution of these proteins during development taking goat as a model. We have performed histological and immunohistochemical analyses to study metabolic features in various muscles. Neonatal muscles display uniform distribution of mitochondrial activity. In contrast, adult muscles exhibit clear distinctions based on their function, whether dedicated for posture maintenance or facilitating locomotion. Mitochondrial fission proteins like DRP‐1, MFF, and fusion proteins like MFN‐1 and 2 are abundantly expressed in neonatal muscles. Fission proteins exhibit drastic downregulation with limited peripheral expression, whereas fusion proteins continue to express in a fiber‐specific manner during adulthood. Locomotory muscles exhibit different fibers based on mitochondrial activity and peripheralization with high SDH activity. The proximity ligation assay between MFN1 and MFN2 demonstrates that their interaction is restricted to subsarcolemmal mitochondria in adult fibers while distributed evenly in neonatal fibers. These differences between postural and locomotory muscles suggest their physiological and metabolic properties are different.
Alkalmazottakkal kapcsolatban felmerülő problémák és lehetséges HR megoldások a magyar kkv-k körében a COVID-19 előtti és utáni időszakban
Authors: Ásványi Zsófia , Sipos Norbert , Bankó Zoltán , Berke Gyula 
Published: June 2024

A TANULMÁNY CÉLJA
A mikro-, kis- és középvállalatok egy ország gazdaságában és társadalmában is jelentőséggel bírnak, meghatározó szerepük lehet egy-egy térség gazdasági növekedésében, ezért kiemelten fontos, hogy friss kutatások mentén azonosítani tudjuk azokat a kihívásokat és jelenségeket, amelyekkel szembesülnek. A tanulmány célja, hogy empirikus adatok mentén feltárja az alkalmazottakkal kapcsolatban felmerülő problémákat a Covid előtti és utáni időszakra vonatkozóan és beazonosítsa azokat az emberi erőforrás menedzsment gyakorlatokat, amelyek ezekre megoldásként működhetnek.
AZ ALKALMAZOTT MÓDSZERTAN
A Mikro-, Kis- és Középvállalati Versenyképességi Kutatócsoport (KKVVKK) 2018 és 2023 közötti primer kkv adatfelvétele képezi az elemzési adatbázist. A 620 magyar kkv Covid kitörése előtti és utáni állapotainak összehasonlítása valósult meg a vállalati méretkategóriák figyelembevételével. Az összehasonlítás függetlenségpróba vizsgálattal történt a kiválasztott kérdések mentén.
A LEGFONTOSABB EREDMÉNYEK
A kutatás eredményei rámutatnak a Covid előtti és utáni szervezeti foglalkoztatási problémákra, a vizsgált szervezeti körben elsősorban az alacsony alkalmazotti munkamorálra és munkaintenzitásra, amely a Covid óta eltelt időszakban a vállalati vezetők megítélése alapján csak fokozódott. A további azonosított alkalmazotti problémákkal együtt az eredmények rávilágítanak a szervezeti humánpolitika, azon belül is az ösztönzésmenedzsment fontosságára, amelynek egymáshoz horizontálisan illeszkedő, egymást erősítő és kiegészítő elemei (személyzetfejlesztés, bérezés, ösztönzési rendszer) célzott megoldást jelenthetnek a kihívásokra.
GYAKORLATI JAVASLATOK
A kutatás hozzájárul a hazai mikro-, kis- és középvállalatok alkalmazottakkal kapcsolatban felmerülő problémáinak és az ezekre adott szervezeti humánpolitikai válaszainak pontosabb megértéséhez. Mindezen információk megmutatják a Covid szervezeti foglalkoztatási kihívásokra gyakorolt hatásait és azt, hogy milyen stratégiákat alkalmaznak olyan munkáltatók, akik szervezeti méretükből fakadóan nem feltétlenül rendelkeznek dedikált HR szakemberekkel.

Köszönetnyilvánítás: A tanulmány a 2020-1.1.2-PIACI-KFI-2021-00306 számú „Okos Révkalauz HUB” című projekt és az NKFI-135732 sz. „Az innovatív foglalkoztatási formák komplex kutatása - a munkajogi jogalkotás, jogalkalmazás és a vállalati hatékonyság összefüggései” keretében készült.
Studies on the response of normal and irradiated pink bollworm males towards pheromone source
Authors:   University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, Karnataka 584101, India, Akshatha G. , Bheemanna M. ,   University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, Karnataka 584101, India, Hanchinal S. G. ,   University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, Karnataka 584101, India, Prabhuraj A. ,   University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, Karnataka 584101, India, Haveri R. V. ,   University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, Karnataka 584101, India, Nidagundi J. M. ,   University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, Karnataka 584101, India, Lakshmikanth M. ,   University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, Karnataka 584101, India
Published: June 2024

Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) is the right eco-friendly method to overcome the pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunder) menace. In SIT attractiveness of released moths to their natural counterpart is most important as such this ability was examined in our study. For this, newly emerged five virgin female gamma irradiated with 0–250 Gy were used. These females were placed inside small plastic vial provided with aeration and suspended inside the delta traps by providing 10% honey solution. Traps were placed in the field during evening. Moth catches in each trap were counted and removed daily and these observations continued up to 5 days. In a same manner irradiated males were released separately inside the field cage to know its attractiveness to virgin female. The results indicated that attraction of male moths to irradiated virgin females decreased significantly with increasing doses of radiation i.e., at 200 and 250 Gy. The number of males captured per female was greatest on day 2nd due to its peak sexual activity, i.e., 25.60, 23.05, 19.45, 14, 9.4 and 5.9 moths at 0, 50, 100, 150, 150, 200, and 250 Gy, respectively. Gamma radiation also affected the irradiated males to find their natural mates at a higher dose; however, the maximum number of 5.30, 5.95 and 5.10 irradiated male moths were attracted to the natural pheromone secreted by female moths at 50, 100 and 150 Gy respectively, compared to the 6.80 moths at 0 Gy. The results on attractiveness of irradiated male moths towards virgin female-baited traps were considered a good measure of male competitiveness.
Diversity of Parrotfish at Fishing Port, Kendari City, Southeast Sulawesi
Authors: Fekri Latifa , Asriyana Asriyana , Subhan Subhan , Disnawati Disnawati , Hatma Muhammad Iksan 
Published: June 2024

Parrotfish are included in the group of herbivore fish which have an important role in aquatic ecosystems, especially in the maintenance of coral reefs. This study aimed to determine the diversity of parrotfish species in the Sodoha Fishing Port (TPI), Kendari City, Southeast Sulawesi. Identification of parrotfish species by Kuiter and Tonozuka, White, and Fishbase. The results of identification showed six species of parrotfish were obtained, namely Chlorurus microrhinos (Bleeker, 1854), C. bleekeri (Deeufort, 1940), C. strongylocephalus (Bleeker, 1855), Scarus rivulatus (Valenciennes, 1840), S. niger (Forsskål, 1775), dan S. chameleon (Choat & Randall, 1986). Utilization of parrot fish resources continues to increase by> 40% annually. Sustainable management of parrotfish is needed for the quality of the aquatic environment, especially coral reefs and the sustainability of their utilization.
СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ТЕНДЕНЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ СПОРТИВНОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ: МАССОВИЗАЦИЯ И ГУМАНИЗАЦИЯ
Authors: Герасимов Максим Васильевич , Герасимов Максим Васильевич , Шевченко Ольга Михайловна 
Published: June 2024

Цель исследования заключается в выявлении специфики тенденций развития спортивной деятельности в современном обществе.
Методологической основой исследования выступает трансформационный подход, а также положения теории информационного общества, сетевого общества, массовой культуры и общества потребления.
Результаты исследования. Одним из векторов развития спортивной деятельности в условиях глобальной сетевизации общества выступает ее массовизация. Основными чертами массового спорта являются вовлеченность большого количества людей в оздоровительные практики и их доступность. В то же время в конце ХХ века в развитии массового спорта сложились такие негативные тенденции, как коммерциализация, недоступность для малообеспеченных слоев общества, ориентация на зрелищность. Эти тенденции определяют необходимость гуманизации современной спортивной деятельности, возрождения изначально заложенных ценностей, связанных с физическим и духовным совершенствованием человека.
Перспективы исследования. Работа открывает перспективы для дальнейшего исследования динамики развития спортивной деятельности в условиях появления новых технологий.