bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
YPSP01-14 - CD28 Gene Polymorphism With Respect To Affective Symptoms In Schizophrenia
Authors: Frydecka D. , Karabon L. , Beszlej J.A. , Pawlak E. , Dobrzynska E. , Szewczuk-Boguslawska M. , Kiejna A. 
Published: June 2010

IntroductionSchizophrenia is complex and clinically heterogeneous psychiatric disorder that has an evidenced genetic basis. Several reports indicate a possible role of the activation of the immune system in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. CD28 is a molecule expressed on T-cells that provides the major co-stimulatory signal required for activation of immune response. For many years now, it has been strongly advocated that biological underpinnings of schizophrenia should be investigated with respect to subpopulations of subjects defined by homogenous symptomatology.ObjectivesTo investigate the association of polymorphism of the CD28 gene (T17int3C) with respect to schizophrenia symptomatology.Material and methods105 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia according to ICD-10 criteria and 380 controls were included in the study. The patients were diagnosed using the Operational Criteria for Psychotic Illness checklist (OPCRIT). Based on confirmatory factor analysis on OPCRIT items performed by Serretti et al. (2004), in our study we considered five factors of symptomatology (mania, positive symptoms, disorganization, depression and negative symptoms).ResultsThere was significant difference in distribution of genotypes between patients with schizophrenia with co-occurring manic symptoms and without co-occurring manic symptoms (respectively CC and/or TC: 23% vs. 47%, TT: 77% vs. 53%, p=0,040). There was also difference in distribution of genotypes between patients with schizophrenia with co-occurring depressive symptoms and without cooccurring depressive symptoms (respectively CC and/or TC: 24% vs. 47%, TT: 76% vs. 53%, p=0,043).ConclusionWe have shown that CD28 gene polymorphism might increase risk for affective (depressive and/or manic) symptom dimension in schizophrenic patients.
Behavioral and Rational Explanations of Stock Price Performance around SEOs: Evidence from a Decomposition of Market-to-Book Ratios
Authors: Hertzel Michael G. , Li Zhi 
Published: June 2010

AbstractWe examine the extent to which investment opportunities and/or mispricing motivate equity issuance and contribute to post-issue stock underperformance. We decompose market-to-book ratios into misvaluation and growth option components and find that issuing firms are both overvalued and have greater growth opportunities relative to nonissuers. Firms with greater growth opportunities invest more in capital expenditures and research and development (R&D) after issuance but do not experience lower post-issue stock returns. In contrast, issuing firms with greater mispricing tend to decrease long-term debt and/or increase cash holdings and do earn lower returns. Our findings are consistent with behavioral explanations for post-issue stock price underperformance.
Extradural cartilage inlay graft in cerebrospinal fluid fistula repair
Authors: Das P Thulasi , Balasubramanian D 
Published: June 2010

AbstractObjective:To present our experience in managing cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea using the cartilage inlay (underlay) technique to repair skull base defects larger than 4 mm.Study design:Retrospective study involving patients presenting with cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea between 1994 and 2008.Setting:Patients were treated in a tertiary referral centre for nose and sinus diseases. Patients' medical records were reviewed and analysed.Results:A total of 62 patients were operated upon using a cartilage inlay technique to repair bony skull base defects ranging in size from 4 to 20 mm (widest diameter). Of these 62 patients, 16 constituted revisions of earlier procedures undertaken elsewhere. The success rate of the technique was 100 per cent. Patient follow up ranged from six months to 16 years, with a median follow up of 15 months. Three patients had minor post-operative sinus infections; no serious complications were encountered.Conclusion:Extradural cartilage inlay appears to be an effective technique in the management of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea, especially for large defects and revision procedures. To our knowledge, the described patients represent the largest reported series of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea cases managed using the cartilage inlay technique. We believe that the crucial factors in our high success rate for cerebrospinal fluid fistula repair are: precise identification of the bony defect; meticulous preparation of the graft bed; careful elevation of the dura; judicious use of just enough graft tissue; and adequate graft support.
Immunohistochemical localisation of endothelin receptor subtypes in the cochlear lateral wall
Authors: Xu D-Y , Zhang Q-X , Ma Y-Q , Zheng X-L , Liu S-X 
Published: June 2010

AbstractObjective:Endothelin has many biological activities, including regulation of the functions of the cochlear lateral wall. The present study aimed to analyse the expression of endothelin receptors in the cochlear lateral wall, and to investigate the significance of such receptors in maintaining the homeostatic environment of the cochlea.Methods:The cochleae of healthy guinea pigs were fixed, decalcified, embedded in paraffin and serially sectioned. Expression of the endothelin receptor subunits A and B in the cochlear lateral wall was examined using an immunohistochemical technique.Results:Different degrees of endothelin receptor subunit A and endothelin receptor subunit B like activity were found distributed in the cells of the cochlear lateral wall.Conclusion:These findings support the theory that endothelin, via its receptors, plays an important role in maintaining the homeostatic environment of the cochlea.
Unilateral tongue angioedema caused by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor
Authors: Ee Y S , Sow A J , Goh B S 
Published: June 2010

AbstractObjective:We report a case of an elderly man receiving treatment with perindopril, who presented with angioedema of the left side of the tongue, floor of the mouth and upper neck. This affected his speech and swallowing, and occurred one day after a burr hole and evacuation procedure undertaken to treat a subdural haematoma. The patient was kept under close observation and treated with intravenous hydrocortisone. The angioedema resolved completely in two days. This is the third reported case of unilateral tongue angioedema occurring secondary to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor use.Method:Case report and literature review concerning angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor induced angioedema.Conclusion:Unilateral angioedema of the tongue is a rare adverse reaction to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. Early recognition may prevent unnecessary surgical intervention and complications.
The boundary between the Indian and Asian tectonic plates below Tibet
Authors: Zhao Junmeng , Yuan Xiaohui , Liu Hongbing , Kumar Prakash , Pei Shunping , Kind Rainer , Zhang Zhongjie , Teng Jiwen , Ding Lin , Gao Xing , Xu Qiang , Wang Wei 
Published: June 2010

The fate of the colliding Indian and Asian tectonic plates below the Tibetan high plateau may be visualized by, in addition to seismic tomography, mapping the deep seismic discontinuities, like the crust-mantle boundary (Moho), the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary (LAB), or the discontinuities at 410 and 660 km depth. We herein present observations of seismic discontinuities with the P and S receiver function techniques beneath central and western Tibet along two new profiles and discuss the results in connection with results from earlier profiles, which did observe the LAB. The LAB of the Indian and Asian plates is well-imaged by several profiles and suggests a changing mode of India-Asia collision in the east-west direction. From eastern Himalayan syntaxis to the western edge of the Tarim Basin, the Indian lithosphere is underthrusting Tibet at an increasingly shallower angle and reaching progressively further to the north. A particular lithospheric region was formed in northern and eastern Tibet as a crush zone between the two colliding plates, the existence of which is marked by high temperature, low mantle seismic wavespeed (correlating with late arriving signals from the 410 discontinuity), poor Sn propagation, east and southeast oriented global positioning system displacements, and strikingly larger seismic (SKS) anisotropy.
Stereoselective transbilayer translocation of mannosyl phosphoryl dolichol by an endoplasmic reticulum flippase
Authors: Sanyal Sumana , Menon Anant K. 
Published: June 2010

Mannose-phosphate-dolichol (MPD) is a multifunctional glycolipid that is synthesized on the cytoplasmic face of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and used on the opposite side of the membrane in the ER lumen as a mannose donor for protein
N
-glycosylation, glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchoring, and
C
- and
O
-mannosylation. For this, it must be translocated, i.e., flipped, across the ER membrane. The molecular identity of the MPD translocator (MPD flippase) is not known. Here we show that MPD-flippase activity can be reconstituted in large unilamellar proteoliposomes prepared from phosphatidylcholine and Triton X-100-solubilized rat liver ER-membrane proteins. Using carboxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl NO
+
as a topological probe to selectively oxidize MPD molecules in the outer leaflet of the reconstituted vesicles, we demonstrate rapid, protein-dependent, ATP-independent transbilayer translocation of MPD from the inner to the outer leaflet. MPD flipping is highly specific. A stereoisomer of MPD was weakly translocated (> 10-fold lower rate) compared with natural MPD. Competition experiments with water-soluble isoprenyl monophosphates showed that MPD flippase recognizes the dolichol chain of MPD, preferring a saturated α-isoprene to unsaturated
trans
- or
cis
- α-isoprene units. Chromatography of the detergent-solubilized ER protein mixture prior to reconstitution indicated that MPD flippase (
i
) is not a Con A-binding glycoprotein and (
ii
) can be resolved from the oligosaccharide-diphosphate dolichol flippase that translocates Man
5
GlcNAc
2
-PP-dolichol, a lipid intermediate of
N
-glycosylation. These data provide a mechanistic framework for understanding MPD flipping, as well as a biochemical basis for identifying MPD flippase.
Dynamic interactions between microbubbles in water
Authors: Vakarelski Ivan U. , Manica Rogerio , Tang Xiaosong , O’Shea Sean J. , Stevens Geoffrey W. , Grieser Franz , Dagastine Raymond R. , Chan Derek Y. C. 
Published: June 2010

The interaction between moving bubbles, vapor voids in liquid, can arguably represent the simplest dynamical system in continuum mechanics as only a liquid and its vapor phase are involved. Surprisingly, and perhaps because of the ephemeral nature of bubbles, there has been no direct measurement of the time-dependent force between colliding bubbles which probes the effects of surface deformations and hydrodynamic flow on length scales down to nanometers. Using ultrasonically generated microbubbles (∼100 μm size) that have been accurately positioned in an atomic force microscope, we have made direct measurements of the force between two bubbles in water under controlled collision conditions that are similar to Brownian particles in solution. The experimental results together with detailed modeling reveal the nature of hydrodynamic boundary conditions at the air/water interface, the importance of the coupling of hydrodynamic flow, attractive van der Waals–Lifshitz forces, and bubble deformation in determining the conditions and mechanisms that lead to bubble coalescence. The observed behavior differs from intuitions gained from previous studies conducted using rigid particles. These direct force measurements reveal no specific ion effects at high ionic strengths or any special role of thermal fluctuations in film thickness in triggering the onset of bubble coalescence.
Applying the Naïve Bayes classifier with kernel density estimation to the prediction of protein–protein interaction sites
Authors: Murakami Yoichi , Mizuguchi Kenji 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Motivation: The limited availability of protein structures often restricts the functional annotation of proteins and the identification of their protein–protein interaction sites. Computational methods to identify interaction sites from protein sequences alone are, therefore, required for unraveling the functions of many proteins. This article describes a new method (PSIVER) to predict interaction sites, i.e. residues binding to other proteins, in protein sequences. Only sequence features (position-specific scoring matrix and predicted accessibility) are used for training a Naïve Bayes classifier (NBC), and conditional probabilities of each sequence feature are estimated using a kernel density estimation method (KDE).
Results: The leave-one out cross-validation of PSIVER achieved a Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) of 0.151, an F-measure of 35.3%, a precision of 30.6% and a recall of 41.6% on a non-redundant set of 186 protein sequences extracted from 105 heterodimers in the Protein Data Bank (consisting of 36 219 residues, of which 15.2% were known interface residues). Even though the dataset used for training was highly imbalanced, a randomization test demonstrated that the proposed method managed to avoid overfitting. PSIVER was also tested on 72 sequences not used in training (consisting of 18 140 residues, of which 10.6% were known interface residues), and achieved an MCC of 0.135, an F-measure of 31.5%, a precision of 25.0% and a recall of 46.5%, outperforming other publicly available servers tested on the same dataset. PSIVER enables experimental biologists to identify potential interface residues in unknown proteins from sequence information alone, and to mutate those residues selectively in order to unravel protein functions.
Availability: Freely available on the web at http://tardis.nibio.go.jp/PSIVER/
Contact: yoichi@nibio.go.jp; kenji@nibio.go.jp
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
COMA server for protein distant homology search
Authors: Margelevičius Mindaugas , Laganeckas Mindaugas , Venclovas Česlovas 
Published: June 2010

AbstractSummary: Detection of distant homology is a widely used computational approach for studying protein evolution, structure and function. Here, we report a homology search web server based on sequence profile–profile comparison. The user may perform searches in one of several regularly updated profile databases using either a single sequence or a multiple sequence alignment as an input. The same profile databases can also be downloaded for local use. The capabilities of the server are illustrated with the identification of new members of the highly diverse PD-(D/E)XK nuclease superfamily.Availability: http://www.ibt.lt/bioinformatics/coma/Contact: venclovas@ibt.ltSupplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Large aggregations of pelagic squid near the ocean surface at the Antarctic Polar Front, and their capture by grey-headed albatrosses
Authors: Rodhouse Paul G. , Boyle Peter R. 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Rodhouse, P. G., and Boyle, P. R. 2010. Large aggregations of pelagic squid near the ocean surface at the Antarctic Polar Front, and their capture by grey-headed albatrosses. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 1432–1435. Satellite-tracked squid predators and fish-finding acoustics were used to locate squid concentrations at the Antarctic Polar Front, then to sample them with a midwater trawl. Near-surface hauls were dominated by the squid Martialia hyadesi similar in size to those fed to grey-headed albatross chicks. The characteristics of the squid and their proximity to the surface suggest that the birds locate squid concentrations by olfaction and catch them by plunging.
A Customized Gene Expression Microarray Reveals That the Brittle Stem Phenotypefs2of Barley Is Attributable to a Retroelement in theHvCesA4Cellulose Synthase Gene
Authors: Burton Rachel A. , Ma Gang , Baumann Ute , Harvey Andrew J. , Shirley Neil J. , Taylor Jillian , Pettolino Filomena , Bacic Antony , Beatty Mary , Simmons Carl R. , Dhugga Kanwarpal S. , Rafalski J. Antoni , Tingey Scott V. , Fincher Geoffrey B. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe barley (Hordeum vulgare) brittle stem mutants, fs2, designated X054 and M245, have reduced levels of crystalline cellulose compared with their parental lines Ohichi and Shiroseto. A custom-designed microarray, based on long oligonucleotide technology and including genes involved in cell wall metabolism, revealed that transcript levels of very few genes were altered in the elongation zone of stem internodes, but these included a marked decrease in mRNA for the HvCesA4 cellulose synthase gene of both mutants. In contrast, the abundance of several hundred transcripts changed in the upper, maturation zones of stem internodes, which presumably reflected pleiotropic responses to a weakened cell wall that resulted from the primary genetic lesion. Sequencing of the HvCesA4 genes revealed the presence of a 964-bp solo long terminal repeat of a Copia-like retroelement in the first intron of the HvCesA4 genes of both mutant lines. The retroelement appears to interfere with transcription of the HvCesA4 gene or with processing of the mRNA, and this is likely to account for the lower crystalline cellulose content and lower stem strength of the mutants. The HvCesA4 gene maps to a position on chromosome 1H of barley that coincides with the previously reported position of fs2.
Areca nut dependence among chewers in a South Indian community who do not also use tobacco
Authors: Bhat Shrihari J. S. , Blank Melissa D. , Balster Robert L. , Nichter Mimi , Nichter Mark 
Published: June 2010

ABSTRACTAims Previously reported research suggests a dependence syndrome for areca nut use, though well‐designed studies are virtually non‐existent. The goal of this study was to examine evidence of areca dependence in a sample of areca‐only (i.e. no tobacco) chewers using modified measurement scales.Design A purposive sample of chewers, identified via local informants and advertisements, was surveyed from January to March of 2005.Setting Six villages in Dakshina Kannada District, Karnataka State, India.Participants Fifty‐nine daily areca chewers who do not also currently use any form of tobacco.Measurements Questionnaires included modified versions of the Fagerström Tolerance Questionnaire, Cigarette Dependence Scale (CDS‐5) and the Smokeless Tobacco Dependence Scale (STDS). Additional questions assessed demographic characteristics and patterns of use.Findings Approximately half of respondents reported 1–3 chews/day (mean = 1.9; SD = 0.98). The average number of chewing episodes/day was 4.4 (SD = 3.4) and the average number of nuts/day was 1.2 (SD = 1.1). Users’ typical chew lasts up to 20 minutes and includes spitting out the juices and rinsing the mouth with water. Overall, the levels of reported dependence symptoms were quite low, but approximately 44% of chewers endorsed at least one of the following items: continued use despite illness or mouth wounds, difficulty refraining from chewing in forbidden places, or craving during periods of abstinence. Approximately 15.4% of chewers reported at least one intentional quit attempt and a subset had summary scores indicative of dependence (13.6% had scores >16 on the CDS‐5 and 5.3% had scores >11 on the STDS). Dependence scores were positively correlated with frequency of chews/day.Conclusions The symptoms of dependence observed in a subset of areca‐only chewers warrant further investigation. Next steps should include well‐controlled laboratory evaluation of dependence features.
Effect of an antismoking advertisement on cinema patrons' perception of smoking and intention to smoke: a quasi‐experimental study
Authors: Hanewinkel Reiner , Isensee Barbara , Sargent James D. , Morgenstern Matthis 
Published: June 2010

ABSTRACTAims  To assess the effect of an antismoking advertisement under real‐world conditions.Design  Quasi‐experimental study.Setting/participants  Multiplex cinema in Kiel, Germany; 4073 patrons were surveyed after having viewed a movie. Some 4005 patrons were ≥10 years old (28.7% between 10 and 17 years). A total of 654 subjects (16.3%) were smokers.Intervention  In the intervention condition (weeks 1 and 3), a 30‐second antismoking advertisement—accentuating long‐term health consequences of smoking and promoting cessation—was shown prior to all movies; in the control condition (weeks 2 and 4) no such spot was shown.Main outcome measures  (i) Awareness of smoking in the movie, (ii) approval of smoking in the movie, (iii) attitude towards smoking, (iv) intention to smoke in the future and (v) desire to smoke among smokers.Findings  Patrons who were exposed to the antismoking advertisement were more likely to be female, but did not differ with respect to smoking status. After controlling for gender differences, patrons exposed to the antismoking advertisement had (i) higher awareness of smoking in the movies, (ii) lower levels of approval of smoking in the movies, and (iii) a more negative attitude towards smoking in general compared with those not exposed. Among smokers, smoking in the movies increased urge to smoke, but there was no interaction between smoking in the movies and experimental condition.Conclusions  Study results suggest that placing an antismoking advertisement before movies can affect attitudes towards smoking, bolstering evidence in support of such policies.
Unplanned attempts to quit smoking: a qualitative exploration
Authors: Murray Rachael L. , McNeill Ann , Lewis Sarah , Britton John , Coleman Tim 
Published: June 2010

ABSTRACTAims  To gain a greater understanding of the process of unplanned attempts to quit smoking and the use of support in such attempts.Design  Qualitative study using semi‐structured interviews with 20 smokers and ex‐smokers.Setting  Twenty‐four general practices in Nottinghamshire, UK.Participants  Smokers and ex‐smokers who reported that their most recent attempt to quit smoking was unplanned.Measurements  Descriptions of the unplanned quit attempts and reported use of support within these.Findings  Smokers who report making ‘unplanned’ quit attempts exhibit substantial variation in what they mean by this; many quit attempts reported as ‘unplanned’ were actually delayed and involved some planning and use of cessation support.Conclusions  Reported ‘unplanned’ quit attempts often involve elements of planning and delay for quitters to access to cessation support. It is important, therefore, that smoking cessation services offer flexible and adaptable support which can be used readily by potential quitters.