bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Later Life. The Social Psychology of AgingV.W. Marshall (ed.) Beverley Hills, CA: Sage Publications
Authors: Corin Ellen 
Published: November 2010

SUMMARYThis study represents a significant contribution to the theoretical development of the social psychology of aging. The authors favor an interpretative approach to aging while emphasizing the features of the structural context. The theoretical challenge outlined in the book revolves around maintaining an equilibrium between the two points of view and examining the mechanisms that link the macro and the micro levels of society.The introduction provides a clear overview of the theoretical questions which reflect the essence of this book. A group of articles examines the socio-historic and theoretic roots of the interpretative approach in the general development of human sciences theories as well as in the work of G.H. Mead and the pragmatic American trend. Another series of articles concentrates on the changes which have taken place in the modern western societies; the authors examine the impact created by this revolution on the relationship between the generations, on the life span and on the relationship between the aged and death. Other contributions are made at a more micro-social level. These focus on the support systems available to the elderly as well as the networks of friends. The last article underlines the importance of adopting a comparative approach for all theoretical development.
Canada's Aging Population. Susan A. McDaniel. Toronto: Butterworths, 1986, pp. 136 ($14.25).
Authors: Foot David K. 
Published: November 2010

SUMMARYThis book is the first in a series on perspectives on individual and population aging. Emphasis is placed on the social patterns and institutions, and policy issues which arise from demographic aging in the Canadian context. A variety of topics are covered in the text. The general theme that emerges from the selected review of the available evidence presented in this volume is that scare imagery or siege mentality have no role in the discussions of this topic and may well create further problems rather than solutions. The book is written in a style that does not require any particular expertise.
Canada's Aging Population. Susan A. McDaniel. Toronto: Butterworths, 1986, pp. 136 ($14.25).
Authors: McLean Michael 
Published: November 2010

SUMMARYCanada's Aging Population attempts to raise social issues that will have to be debated in Canada as a result of the fact that our population is getting older. The main analytical approach McDaniel uses in this book is the structural, contextual approach which sees population aging issues as being influenced by social systems such as economic structure, attitudes toward dependency and productivity, stratification, and gender relations, among others. This leads the reader to believe that fundemental issues about the socieconomic situation of elderly Canadians would be debated in this book. This critical analysis does not fully materialize. Certainly, McDaniel does raise some important issues such as zero population growth, women and aging, and pension programmes but the critical analysis from a structural, contextual perspective is lacking. Thus, while this book may provide useful information to students, volunteers, and practitioners, it is unlikely that it will contribute to significant social change, in terms of research studies or policy formation, for elderly Canadians.
Re-Validation of the Memorial University of Newfoundland Scale of Happiness,
Authors: Kozma Albert , Stones Michael J. 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTThe present investigation represents a re-validation of the Memorial University of Newfoundland Scale of Happiness (MUNSH) and its Negative (NAS) and Positive Affect (PAS) subscales in an institutionalized sample of elderly urban residents. Self-ratings of happiness (AVHT) and judges' ratings (JR) were used as criterion measures. Correlations between MUNSH scales and AVHT ranged from 0.75 to 0.86, while those between MUNSH scales and JR fell between 0.37 and 0.55. The findings indicate that the MUNSH is as valid for residents of large urban centres as for the smaller centres in which it was initially developed.
The Role of International Conferences — A Theoretical Framework
Authors: Shapiro Evelyn , Kaufert Joseph 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTEdelman's (1967,1977) analysis of political processes is used as the theoretical framework within which to examine the role of international conferences such as the recent World Assembly on Aging. The function of such international assemblies and the role of participating policymakers and experts are interpreted as part of a symbolic process which legitimates problem definitions and national policies, and validates the roles of policy makers, bureaucrats and experts. The paper questions whether these meetings have real potential for influencing national policies and discusses the factors which limit their relevance and usefulness for developing countries.
Predictors of Long Term Care Facility Use among the Elderly
Authors: Shapiro Evelyn , Tate Robert B. 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTThis research uses data from the Manitoba Longitudinal Study on Aging and multiple logistic regression analysis to assess the impact of twenty-eight sociodemographic and health status variables on nursing home admission. The results indicate that 1) all the short-term predictors continue to be significantly associated with facility bed use in the long run, suggesting that the high risk elderly can be identified relatively early; 2) the key sociodemographic characteristics are better predictors of admission than health and physical functioning characteristics; and 3) time itself appears to change the relationship of the study variables to admission.
Predictors of the Level of Care assigned to New Nursing Home Residents
Authors: Grant Peter R. 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTAdmission data from 159 residents of four Saskatchewan nursing homes were analysed in order to identify predictors of level of care. Multiple regression analyses showed that a high level of care was assigned to those who were unable to perform various activities of daily living, those who had behavioral problems, and those who had recently experienced a stressful life event; with these variables and a nursing home variable explaining 47.2% of the variance. Appropriately, the most important predictor is activities of daily living. The other major predictor is behavioral problems which, the results suggest, are caused by either an organic psychotic disorder or a high level of stress. It is recommended that, following admission, new residents with behavioral problems caused by stress should be the recipients of programs designed to help them cope with this stress and mitigate their behavioral problems. Then, they should be reassessed and, where appropriate, reassigned to a lower level of care.
A Multi-focus Assessment Scale for Use With Frail Elderly Populations
Authors: Coval M. , Crockett D. , Holliday S. , Koch W. 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTThis paper reports the development of a psychological assessment instrument for evaluating the deteriorated elderly patient. The instrument provides information on patient function in eight areas including communication abilities, cognitive status and mood. Analyses were undertaken to determine the psychometric properties of each component of the instrument. Examination of the means and standard deviations indicated that the full range was used for each scale. Examination of interrater reliability yielded values ranging from .92 to .99. Several indices that may be of use in evaluating the significance of change in test scores are also presented. Suggestions are also made for the application of this instrument in both clinical and research settings.
Geochemical Risk Factors for Mental Functioning, Based on the Ontario Longitudinal Study of Aging (LSA) V. Comparisons of the Results, relevant to Aluminum Water Concentrations, obtained from the LSA and from Death Certificates mentioning Dementia
Authors: Forbes W. F. , Lessard S. , Gentleman J. F. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractPrevious studies in this series of papers investigated the associations between aluminum (Al) water concentrations and relatively high risks of a measure of mental impairment and also various possible other drinking water characteristics, particularly pH, turbidity, fluoride and silica. The results were based on one measure of mental impairment, which would not be expected to give the same results as the more definitive endpoint (outcome variable) of a record of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) as the underlying cause of death on a death certificate. The present paper therefore investigates the relevant associations, based both on the measure of mental impairment and on death certificates in which AD and presenile dementia are listed as the underlying causes of death. As expected, the associations were not identical, but they were similar. More specifically, Al water concentrations were strongly associated with the recording of AD on death certificates, as were pH, fluoride, and silica concentrations. The implications of these results are discussed, and it is suggested that the evidence is sufficiently strong for methods of water purification to be modified, at least on a trial basis, because of the likelihood that this will reduce the incidence of AD.
Variations in Age-Related Deficits among Episodic Memory Tasks: An Archival Study
Authors: Foisy Pierre 
Published: November 2010

AbstractCraik (1986) has proposed that age-related deficits on memory tasks are proportional to the extent to which these tasks require the use of self-initiated operations. Because the number of required self-initiated operations vary among traditional episodic memory tasks, these tasks should display a gradation of age-related deficits. The objective of this study was to test this hypothesis. A secondary analysis (i.e. based on the results of previous studies) was performed on 22 studies in which verbal stimuli were used as targets on more than one episodic memory task. Of the 24 comparisons provided by the studies, 21 supported the gradation concept. This result suggests that the self-initiated operation hypothesis is valid.
Jaber F. Gubrium and Andrea Sankar (eds.). Qualitative Methods in Aging Research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 1994, pp; 294.
Authors: Matthews Sarah F. 
Published: November 2010

RésuméEn plus d'une introduction, ce recueil comprend 16 articles de chercheurs en gérontologie qui étudient divers aspects du processus de recherche en se fondant sur leur expérience personnelle en recherche qualitative. Le livre se divise en cinq parties, chacune se situant à une étape chronologique d'un projet de recherche qualitative, soit: la conception; la planification; la collecte de données; les formes d'analyse; la rédaction et les recommandations. Les auteurs discutent des éléments ayant contribué au succès de leur recherche ainsi que des obstacles qu'ils ont dû surmonter. Ce livre est facile à lire et serait très utile dans le cadre de cours sur les méthodes de recherche gérontologiques.
Meredith Minkler and Carroll L. Estes (eds.). Critical Perspectives on Aging: The Political and Moral Economy of Growing Old. Amityville, NY: Baywood Publishing, 1991, pp. 362.
Authors: Clark Phillip G. 
Published: November 2010

RésuméCe livre off re un cadre pour l'étude des relations entre les institutions sociales, politiques et économiques qui créent collectivement le contexte dans lequel le processus de vieillissement se déroule. Il aborde en outre la question des obligations morales, des responsabilités collectives et des principes de justice sociale qui forment la façon dont lespersonnes âgées sont traitées dans un milieu social particulier. Afin d'atteindre ces buts, le livre vise trois objectifs: (1) élargir l'application de l'économiepolitique au vieillissement; (2) étendre et perfectionner les concepts de base de cette perspective en gérontologie; (3) développer l'approche de l'économie morale, approche qui met en lumière les croyances culturelles et les valeurs sous-tendant les politiques et programmes sociaux touchant les personnes âgées. Dans l'ensemble, les principales contributions de cet ouvrage sont les suivantes: (1) mettre en lumière l'importance de comprendre le contexte social et historique dans lequel le vieillissement est vécu par chaque personne; (2) attirer l'attention sur signification fondamentale de la capacité à définir l'expérience personnelle du vieillissement et à déterminer la façon dont les personnes âgées sont perçues par la société; et (3) créer la base d'une gérontologie comparative afin d'analyser comment les différences au sein des sociétés peuvent avoir une incidence importante sur la façon dont le vieillissement est défini, vécu et compris.
Mark L. Warner. The Complete Guide to Alzheimer's Proofing Your Home. West Lafayette IN: Purdue University, 1998.
Authors: Gnaedinger Nancy 
Published: November 2010

RésuméThe Complete Guide to Alzheimer's Proofing Your Home est un guide complet et bien structuré, en langage de tous les jours, enrichi de citations de soignants et illustré. Il présente un bref historique de la maladie d'Alzheimer et en décrit les étapes; il incite également les soignants à prendre soin d'eux-mêmes. De plus, le livre fournit une liste des produits (appareils fonctionnels), de noms d'entreprises et de numéros sans frais où placer les commandes, une brève description des étapes de régression de la maladie d'Alzheimer, un lexique et des suggestions de lecture. Le guide s'insère bien dans la collection des ouvrages de référence destinés aux soignants oeuvrant auprès de patients atteints de démence. On devrait le retrouver dans les organismes de soutien aux soins à la maison ainsi que dans les bibliothèques des universités et les collèges.
Seed oil content and fatty acid profiles of five Euphorbiaceae species from arid regions in Argentina with potential as biodiesel source
Authors: Aranda-Rickert Adriana , Morzán Laura , Fracchia Sebastián 
Published: November 2010

AbstractFive Euphorbiaceae species (Jatropha macrocarpa, J. hieronymi, J. excisa, Cnidoscolus tubulosus and Manihot guaranitica) were analysed for seed oil content and fatty acid profiles in order to evaluate their potential as sources of biodiesel. The five species are perennial shrubs adapted to arid and semi-arid environments of north-western Argentina. The seed oil content for all species ranged from 27.9 to 38.7% by dry weight. Fatty acid composition consisted mainly of linolenic, myristic, palmitic, stearic, arachidic, oleic and linoleic acids, with linoleic and oleic acid being the most abundant. Among the five species analysed, J. macrocarpa has the best potential to be used as a biodiesel source. The average total seed oil content (35.8%) and a high value of oleic acid (27.3%) together with the lowest values of linoleic acid (55.8%) make this species a promising crop as a source of biodiesel in arid and semi-arid regions.
Dependency-based n-gram models for general purpose sentence realisation
Authors: GUO YUQING , WANG HAIFENG , VAN GENABITH JOSEF 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThis paper presents a general-purpose, wide-coverage, probabilistic sentence generator based on dependency n-gram models. This is particularly interesting as many semantic or abstract syntactic input specifications for sentence realisation can be represented as labelled bi-lexical dependencies or typed predicate-argument structures. Our generation method captures the mapping between semantic representations and surface forms by linearising a set of dependencies directly, rather than via the application of grammar rules as in more traditional chart-style or unification-based generators. In contrast to conventional n-gram language models over surface word forms, we exploit structural information and various linguistic features inherent in the dependency representations to constrain the generation space and improve the generation quality. A series of experiments shows that dependency-based n-gram models generalise well to different languages (English and Chinese) and representations (LFG and CoNLL). Compared with state-of-the-art generation systems, our general-purpose sentence realiser is highly competitive with the added advantages of being simple, fast, robust and accurate.
Climate change, natural disasters and displacement: a multi-track approach to filling the protection gaps
Authors: Kolmannskog Vikram , Trebbi Lisetta 
Published: November 2010

AbstractMillions are displaced by climate-related disasters each year, and this trend is set to increase as climate change accelerates. It raises important questions about how well existing instruments actually protect people driven from their homes by climate change and natural disasters. This article first examines current protection instruments and points out gaps in them. There follows an exploration of various proposals for filling those protection gaps, with the focus on cross-border natural-disaster-induced displacement. A multi-track approach is recommended, including context-oriented and dynamic interpretation of existing law, and creation of new law. Adhering to the principle of non-refoulement, and focusing on whether return is possible, permissible, or reasonable, could be a realistic way to begin developing protection regimes for victims of natural-disaster-induced displacement.
OTP70 is a pentatricopeptide repeat protein of the E subgroup involved in splicing of the plastid transcript rpoC1
Authors: Chateigner‐Boutin Anne‐Laure , des Francs‐Small Catherine Colas , Delannoy Etienne , Kahlau Sabine , Tanz Sandra K. , de Longevialle Andéol Falcon , Fujii Sota , Small Ian 
Published: November 2010

SummaryOver 20 proteins of the pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) family have been demonstrated to be involved in RNA editing in plant mitochondria and chloroplasts. All of these editing factors contain a so‐called ‘E’ domain that has been shown to be essential for editing to occur. The presumption has been that this domain recruits the (unknown) editing enzyme to the RNA. In this report, we show that not all putative E‐class PPR proteins are directly involved in RNA editing. Disruption of the OTP70 gene leads to a strong defect in splicing of the plastid transcript rpoC1, leading to a virescent phenotype. The mutant has a chloroplast transcript pattern characteristic of a reduction in plastid‐encoded RNA polymerase activity. The E domain of OTP70 is not required for splicing, and can be deleted or replaced by the E domain from the known editing factor CRR4 without loss of rpoC1 splicing. Furthermore, the E domain of OTP70 is incapable of inducing RNA editing when fused to the RNA binding domain of CRR4. We conclude that the truncated E domain of OTP70 is no longer functional in RNA editing, and that the protein has acquired a new function in promoting RNA splicing.
A eukaryotic LOV‐histidine kinase with circadian clock function in the picoalga Ostreococcus
Authors: Djouani‐Tahri El‐Batoul , Christie John M. , Sanchez‐Ferandin Sophie , Sanchez Frédéric , Bouget François‐Yves , Corellou Florence 
Published: November 2010

SummaryThe marine environment has unique properties of light transmission, with an attenuation of long wavelengths within the first meters of the water column. Marine organisms have therefore evolved specific blue‐light receptors such as aureochromes to absorb shorter‐wavelength light. Here, we identify and characterize a light, oxygen, or voltage sensing (LOV) containing histidine kinase (LOV‐HK) that functions as a new class of eukaryotic blue‐light receptor in the pico‐phytoplanktonic cell Ostreococcus tauri. This LOV‐HK is related to the large family of LOV‐HKs found in prokaryotes. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that the LOV domains from LOV‐HKs, including O. tauri LOV‐HK, and phototropins (phot; plant and green algal LOV serine/threonine kinases) have different evolutionary histories. Photochemical analysis shows that the LOV domain of LOV‐HK binds a flavin cofactor and absorbs blue light with a fast photocycle compared with its prokaryotic counterparts. Ostreococcus tauri LOV‐HK expression is induced by blue light and is under circadian control. Further, both overexpression and downregulation of LOV‐HK result in arrhythmia of the circadian reporter CCA1:Luc under constant blue light. In contrast, photochemical inactivation of O. tauri LOV‐HK is without effect, demonstrating its importance for function of the circadian clock under blue light. Overexpression/downregulation of O. tauriLOV‐HK alters CCA1 rhythmicity under constant red light, irrespective of LOV‐HK’s photochemical reactivity, suggesting that O. tauri LOV‐HK also participates in regulation of the circadian clock independent of its blue‐light‐sensing property. Molecular characterization of O. tauri LOV‐HK demonstrates that this type of photoreceptor family is not limited to prokaryotes.
Enteric conversion after pancreatic transplantation: resolution of symptoms and long‐term results
Authors: Kleespies Axel , Mikhailov Michael , Khalil Philipe N. , Preissler Gerhard , Rentsch Markus , Arbogast Helmut , Illner Wolf‐Dieter , Bruns Christiane J. , Jauch Karl‐Walter , Angele Martin K. 
Published: November 2010

Kleespies A, Mikhailov M, Khalil PN, Preissler G, Rentsch M, Arbogast H, Illner W‐D, Bruns CJ, Jauch K‐W, Angele MK. Enteric conversion after pancreatic transplantation: resolution of symptoms and long‐term results. Clin Transplant 2011: 25: 549–560. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract: Purpose: Bladder drainage (BD) of pancreatic transplants is associated with a unique set of complications. We intended to analyze the incidence, indications, complications and long‐term results of enteric conversion procedures (EC).Methods: Using a prospective database, 32 EC patients out of 433 simultaneous pancreas–kidney‐transplant (SPK) recipients were identified. Graft and patient survival rates were compared with those after primary enteric drainage (ED).Results: The mean SPK‐EC interval was 5.0 yr, and the mean patient follow‐up was 13.8 yr. Indications for EC were genitourinary symptoms (62.5%), duodenal complications (15.6%), graft pancreatitis (12.5%), pyelonephritis (6.3%), and metabolic acidosis (3.1%). All patients reported significant long‐term resolution of symptoms. Surgical complications, reoperations, early graft loss, and 30‐d mortality occurred in 31.3%, 25.0%, 6.3%, and 3.1% of cases, respectively. Pancreatic graft and patient survival rates at 1, 5, and 10 yr after SPK were comparable between EC patients and ED patients at the same institution.Conclusion: For the treatment of symptoms associated with BD, EC results in excellent long‐term graft function and significant resolution of symptoms even years after SPK. Postoperative morbidity after EC including early reoperation and graft loss, however, has to be considered.