bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trace Minerals in Patients with End‐Stage Renal Disease
Authors: Kasama Richard K. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe kidneys are famously responsible for maintaining external balance of prevalent minerals, such as sodium, chloride, and potassium. The kidney’s role in handling trace minerals is more obscure to most nephrologists. Similarly, the impact of kidney failure on trace mineral metabolism is difficult to anticipate. The associated dietary modifications and dialysis create the potential for trace mineral deficiencies and intoxications. Indeed, there are numerous reports of dialysis‐associated mishaps causing mineral intoxication, notable for the challenge of assigning causation. Equally challenging has been the recognition of mineral deficiency syndromes, amid what is often a cacophony of multiple comorbidities that vie for the attention of clinicians who care for patients with chronic kidney disease. In this paper, I review a variety of minerals, some of which are required for maintenance of normal human physiology (the U.S. Food and Drug Administration’s list of essential minerals), and some that have attracted attention in the care of dialysis patients. For each mineral, I will discuss its role in normal physiology and will review reported deficiency and toxicity states. I will point out the interesting inter‐relationships between several of the elements. Finally, I will address the special concerns of aluminum and magnesium as they pertain to the dialysis population.
Radiation Exposure in Dialysis Access‐Related Procedures Decreases with Increase in Number of Procedures Performed by the Interventional Nephrologist
Authors: Dukkipati Ramanath , Tammewar Gautam , Kalantar‐Zadeh Kamyar , Dhamija Rajiv 
Published: December 2010

AbstractAn appreciation of the inherent risks with radiation exposure to patients and to the physician performing the procedure and the staff is urgently needed. The objective of this study is to assess radiation exposure to both patients and interventional nephrologists performing procedures and see any trends in the procedure and fluoroscopy times over a 2‐year period. A total of 400 procedures performed at our vascular access center by a new to practice interventional nephrologist were recorded and retrospectively analyzed. Fluoroscopic time and procedure time for various procedures over the course of 2 years were recorded. This data were subsequently separated into eight groups (four quarters per year) based on the date of the procedure. Our study demonstrates a decrease in mean and median fluoroscopy times and procedure times for newly trained interventional with gain in number of procedures. The mean fluoroscopy time for the first two quarters was 5 minutes and 4 seconds, and the median was 3 minutes and 37 seconds. The mean procedure time for the first two quarters was 38 minutes, and the median was 32 minutes. The mean fluoroscopy time for the last two quarters was 1 minute and 54 seconds, and the median was 1 minute and 26 seconds. The mean procedure time for the last two quarters was 27 minutes, and the median was 21 minutes. In conclusion, gain of experience by the practicing Interventional Nephrologist from performing an increasing number of procedures leads to decreased procedure times and fluoroscopy times, which lowers the risk of radiation.
Iatrogenic Graft to Vein Fistula (GVF) Formation Associated with Synthetic Arteriovenous Grafts
Authors: Haddad Nabil J. , Vachharajani Tushar J. , Van Cleef Sheri , Agarwal Anil K. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe prevalence of fistulous connection between arteriovenous graft (AVG) and an adjacent vein resulting in graft‐vein fistula (GVF) formation is not established. AVG venous outflow stenosis along with repeated and traumatic cannulation is likely major contributing factor of this complication. Detection and resolution of venous outflow stenosis may be the only needed intervention. We report a series of eight cases with GVF formation between AVG and adjacent veins. Awareness of this complication and intervention to relieve stenotic lesions may result in improved AVG survival.
The Catheter‐Challenged Patient and the Need to Recognize the Recurrently Dysfunctional Tunneled Dialysis Catheter
Authors: Rasmussen Randall L. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractTunneled dialysis catheters (TDC) become dysfunctional because of placement problems, infection, thrombosis, and fibrin sheath formation. Occasional patients who are catheter dependant develop frequent catheter dysfunction because of thrombosis or thrombosis associated with fibrin sheath formation. This article attempts to define which dysfunctional catheters because of thrombosis and thrombosis associated with fibrin sheath formation actually represent a recurrently dysfunctional TDC (RDC) and puts forth an approach to managing the RDC.
DIMETHYLSULFONIOPROPIONATE STORAGE IN PHAEOCYSTIS (PRYMNESIOPHYCEAE) SECRETORY VESICLES1
Authors: Orellana Mónica V. , Matrai Patricia A. , Janer Marta , Rauschenberg Carlton D. 
Published: December 2010

Despite the global importance of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP)/dimethyl sulfide (DMS) and their role in climate regulation, little is known about the mechanisms of their production and storage in Phaeocystis sp., a major contributor of DMS in polar areas. Phaeocystis secretes polymer microgels, by regulated exocytosis, remaining in condensed phase while stored in secretory vesicles (Chin et al. 2004). In secretory cells, vesicles also store small molecules, which are released during exocytosis. Here, we demonstrated that DMSP and DMS were stored in the secretory vesicles of Phaeocystis antarctica G. Karst. They were trapped within a polyanionic gel matrix, which prevented an accurate measurement of their concentration in the absence of a chelating agent such as EDTA. Understanding the production and the export mechanisms of DMSP and DMS into seawater is important because of the impact the cellular and extracellular pools of these highly relevant biogeochemical metabolites have on the environment. The pool of total DMSP in the presence of Phaeocystis may be underestimated by as much as half. Obtaining accurate budget measurements is the first step toward gaining a better understanding of key issues related to the DMS ocean–air interaction and the effect of phytoplankton DMS production on climate change.
Real‐time polymerase chain reaction detection of parvovirus B19 DNA in blood donations using a commercial and an in‐house assay
Authors: Koppelman M.H.G.M. , van Swieten P. , Cuijpers H.T.M. 
Published: December 2010

BACKGROUND: European regulations require testing of manufacturing plasma for parvovirus B19 (B19) DNA to limit the load of this virus to a maximum acceptable level of 10 IU/µL. To meet this requirement, most manufacturers introduced a test algorithm to identify and eliminate high‐load donations before making large manufacturing pools of plasma units. Sanquin screens all donations using a commercial assay from Roche and an in‐house assay.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Between 2006 and 2009, 6.2 million donations were screened using two different polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays targeting B19 DNA. Donations with B19 DNA loads of greater than 1 × 106 IU/mL showing significant differences in viral load between the two assays were further analyzed by sequencing analysis.RESULTS: A total of 396 donations with B19 DNA loads of greater than 1 × 106 IU/mL were identified. Fifteen samples (3.8%) had discordant test results; 10 samples (2.5%) were underquantified by the Roche assay, two samples (0.5%) were underquantified by the in‐house assay, and three samples (0.8%) were not detected by the Roche assay. Sequencing analysis revealed mismatches in primer and probe‐binding regions. Phylogenetic analysis showed that 12 samples were B19 Genotype 1. The three samples not detected by the Roche assay were B19 Genotype 2.CONCLUSION: This study shows that 3.8% of the viremic B19 DNA–positive donations are not quantified correctly by the Roche or in‐house B19 DNA assays. B19 Genotype 1 isolates showing incorrect test results are more common than B19 Genotype 2 or 3 isolates. Newly designed B19 PCR assays for blood screening should preferably have multiplexed formats targeting multiple regions of the B19 genome.
Hereditary hemochromatosis: patient experiences of the disease and phlebotomy treatment
Authors: Brissot Pierre , Ball Simon , Rofail Diana , Cannon Helena , Jin Vivian Wu 
Published: December 2010

BACKGROUND: Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is a genetic disorder resulting in increased accumulation of dietary iron. It is associated with various clinical complications such as liver cirrhosis and diabetes. The aim of this study was to explore patients’ experiences of living with HH, the diagnosis process, and phlebotomy treatment.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: An online survey was developed and completed by a total of 210 HH patients across the United States (n = 70), France (n = 50), Ireland (n = 40), and the United Kingdom (n = 50).RESULTS: Of the 210 patients, 30% were induction patients, 49% were maintenance patients, and 22% had never received phlebotomy. The most common route to diagnosis was by chance (42%), although most patients (87%) reported experiencing symptoms they now associated with HH at the time of diagnosis. Fatigue (60%) and joint pain (50%) were the most frequently reported current symptoms. While 87% of patients felt that treatment with phlebotomy was “quite worthwhile” or “very worthwhile,” 52% of induction patients and 37% of maintenance patients experienced side effects “always” or “most of the time” after phlebotomy and 16% of patients would “definitely” or “probably” decide not to receive phlebotomy if alternative options were available.CONCLUSION: Diagnosis of HH is likely made late in many patients and subsequent phlebotomy treatment, while considered worthwhile by most, leads to concerns over side effects and inconvenience, often impacting patients’ lives. Greater efforts to promote awareness of the disease and reduce the treatment burden associated with phlebotomy are required to improve detection and management of this disease.
Prevalence and risk factors for anal incontinence after obstetric anal sphincter rupture
Authors: LAINE KATARIINA , SKJELDESTAD FINN EGIL , SANDA BIRGITTE , HORNE HILDEGUNN , SPYDSLAUG ANNY , STAFF ANNE CATHRINE 
Published: December 2010

Abstract Objective. To study prevalence and risk factors for anal incontinence (AI) after obstetric anal sphincter rupture. Material and methods. This was a retrospective clinical observational study. Among 14 959 vaginal deliveries, 591 women were diagnosed with obstetric anal sphincter ruptures (3.9%) at one Norwegian University Hospital in 2003–2005. Patients were examined and interviewed approximately 10 months after delivery. Anal continence was classified with St. Mark's incontinence score (0, complete anal continence; ≥3, anal incontinence), and defects in anal sphincter muscles were diagnosed by endoanal ultrasound. Prevalence of anal incontinence was assessed in relation to obstetrical and maternal characteristics as well as the correlation between anal incontinence and ultrasound‐detectable defects of sphincter muscle. Results. Anal incontinence with a St. Mark's score of ≥3 was reported by 21% of women with obstetric anal sphincter rupture, with inability to control gas as the most prevalent symptom. Women with AI were more likely to report urinary incontinence compared with women having no AI. In a multiple regression analysis of maternal and obstetrical risk factors, fourth degree sphincter tear was the only significant risk factor for AI. Anal incontinence was more frequent in patients diagnosed with than without ultrasound‐identified anal sphincter muscle defects at 10 months postpartum follow‐up. Conclusion. Anal as well as urinary incontinence after delivery with obstetric anal sphincter rupture is common, and prenatal obstetric and maternal variables could not predict anal incontinence. Fourth degree perineal tear and a persistent ultrasound‐detected defect in the anal sphincter muscles are associated with AI.
Soft Tissue Augmentation in Connection to Dental Implant Treatment Using a Synthetic, Porous Material – A Case Series with a 6‐Month Follow‐Up
Authors: Friberg Bertil , Jemt Torsten 
Published: December 2010

ABSTRACTBackground: Bony defects/concavities in the aesthetic zone of maxillae may interfere with the results of prosthetic procedures by producing shading superior to the crown. Such regions can be augmented either by bone or soft tissue autografts, allografts, or xenografts. Tissue shrinkage is thus anticipated, and a method to objectively measure the tissue change is valuable.Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of a synthetic, porous material made of polyurethaneurea for buccal soft tissue augmentation in connection with implant placement in the maxillary front region. Further, to measure over time the change in buccal contour using a computerized technique.Materials and Methods: Ten patients received 12 Artelon® cylinders (5 × 10 mm) in connection to implant placement. Preoperative and postoperative (at 3 and 6 months) study casts were obtained for computer measurements, using the preoperative reference model as a base. The volume created between the surfaces of the reference model and each of the two following superimposed models was measured in cubic millimeter. Differences in volume from pretreatment to 3 and 6 months, respectively, were compared.Results: The clinical observation during follow‐up showed normal healing. The increase in mean buccal tissue volume was 50 mm3 (SD 18) after 3 months and 43 mm3 (SD 21) after 6 months, measured over a 6 mm × 8 mm area in the maxillary front region, in comparison to before insertion of the cylinder. The reduction from 3 to 6 months was not statistically significant (p = .17).Conclusion: A synthetic, porous material for soft tissue augmentation was tested in connection to implant placement in the aesthetic zone of maxillae. The buccal contour was followed‐up for 6 months using a computer volumetric technique on preoperative and postoperative study casts. Measured tissue volume showed an obvious increase during the study period. The material was biologically well received.
Fracture Strength and Failure Mode of Maxillary Implant‐Supported Provisional Single Crowns: A Comparison of Composite Resin Crowns Fabricated Directly Over PEEK Abutments and Solid Titanium Abutments
Authors: Santing Hendrik Jacob , Meijer Henny J. A. , Raghoebar Gerry M. , Özcan Mutlu 
Published: December 2010

ABSTRACTBackground: Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) temporary abutments have been recently introduced for making implant‐supported provisional single crowns. Little information is available in the dental literature on the durability of provisional implant‐supported restorations.Purpose: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the fracture strength of implant‐supported composite resin crowns on PEEK and solid titanium temporary abutments, and to analyze the failure types.Material and Methods: Three types of provisional abutments, RN synOcta Temporary Meso Abutment (PEEK; Straumann), RN synOcta Titanium Post for Temporary Restorations (Straumann), and Temporary Abutment Engaging NobRplRP (Nobel Biocare) were used, and provisional screw‐retained crowns using composite resin (Solidex) were fabricated for four different locations in the maxilla. The specimens were tested in a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/minute until fracture occurred. The failure types were analyzed and further categorized as irreparable (Type 1) or reparable (Type 2).Results: No significant difference was found between different abutment types. Only for the position of the maxillary central incisor, composite resin crowns on PEEK temporary abutments showed significantly lower (p < 0.05) fracture strength (95 ± 21 N) than those on titanium temporary abutments (1,009 ± 94 N). The most frequently experienced failure types were cohesive fractures of the composite resin crowns (75 out of 104), followed by screw loosening (18 out of 104). According to reparability, the majority of the specimens were classified as Type 1 (82 out of 104). Type 2 failures were not often observed (22 out of 104).Conclusions: Provisional crowns on PEEK abutments showed similar fracture strength as titanium temporary abutments except for central incisors. Maxillary right central incisor composite resin crowns on PEEK temporary abutments fractured below the mean anterior masticatory loading forces reported to be approximately 206 N.
Comparison of Fit Accuracy between Procera® Custom Abutments and Three Implant Systems
Authors: de Morais Alves da Cunha Tiago , de Araújo Roberto Paulo Correia , da Rocha Paulo Vicente Barbosa , Amoedo Rosa Maria Pazos 
Published: December 2010

ABSTRACTBackground: Although increase of misfit has been reported when associating implant and abutment from different manufacturers, Procera custom abutment has been universally used in clinical practice.Purpose: The purpose of this investigation was to compare the vertical gap of zirconia Procera® abutment associated with implants from the same manufacturer (Procera manufacturer) and two other implant systems.Materials and Methods: Twenty‐four zirconia Procera abutments were produced using computer‐assisted design and manufacture and paired with (a) eight MK III, RP 4.1 × 10 mm implants (Nobel Biocare™, Göteborg, Sweden) – GNB group (Nobel Biocare group); (b) eight Try on, 4.1 × 10 mm implants (Sistema de Implantes, São Paulo, Brazil) – ES group (SIN experimental group) ; and (c) eight Master screw, 4.1 × 10 mm implants (Conexão® Sistema de Prótese, São Paulo, Brazil) – EC group (Conexão experimental group). A comparison of the vertical misfit at the implant–abutment interface was taken at six measuring sites on each sample using scanning electron microscopy with a magnification of 408×. One‐way analysis of variance was used to test for differences, and Tukey's test was used for pair‐wise comparison of groups (α = 0.05).Results: Significant differences relative to average misfit were found when Procera abutments were associated with other implant manufacturers. The ES group and EC group did not differ significantly, but both demonstrated significantly larger average misfit than the GNB group (p = .001). The average misfit was 5.7 µm ± 0.39, 9.53 µm ± 0.52, and 10.62 µm ± 2.16, respectively, for groups GNB, ES, and EC.Conclusion: The association of Procera zirconia abutment with other implant systems different from its manufacturer demonstrated significant alteration of vertical misfit at implant–abutment interface.
Detailed exposure assessment of dietary furan for infants consuming commercially jarred complementary food based on data from the DONALD study
Authors: Lachenmeier Dirk W. , Maser Elena , Kuballa Thomas , Reusch Helmut , Kersting Mathilde , Alexy Ute 
Published: December 2010

AbstractFuran is a possible human carcinogen regularly occurring in commercially jarred complementary foods. This paper will provide a detailed exposure assessment for babies consuming these foods considering different intake scenarios. The occurrence data on furan in complementary foods were based on our own headspace‐gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (HS‐GC/MS) analytical results (n = 286). The average furan content in meals and menus was between 20 and 30 µg kg−1, which is in excellent agreement with results from other European countries. Using measured food consumption data from the Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed (DONALD) study, the average exposures for consumers of commercially jarred foods ranged between 182 and 688 ng kg−1 bw day−1, with a worst case scenario for P95 consumers ranging between 351 and 1066 ng kg−1 bw day−1. The exposure data were then used to characterize risk using the margin of exposure method based on a benchmark dose lower confidence limit for a 10% response (BMDL10) of 1.28 mg kg−1 bw day−1 for hepatocellular tumours in rats. The margin of exposures (MOEs) were below the threshold of 10 000, which is often used to define public health risks, in all scenarios, ranging between 7022 and 1861 for average consumers and between 3642 and 1200 for the P95 consumers. Mitigative measures to avoid furan in complementary foods should be of high priority for risk management.
The subcellular organization of strictosidine biosynthesis in Catharanthus roseus epidermis highlights several trans‐tonoplast translocations of intermediate metabolites
Authors: Guirimand Grégory , Guihur Anthony , Ginis Olivia , Poutrain Pierre , Héricourt François , Oudin Audrey , Lanoue Arnaud , St‐Pierre Benoit , Burlat Vincent , Courdavault Vincent 
Published: December 2010

Catharanthus roseus synthesizes a wide range of valuable monoterpene indole alkaloids, some of which have recently been recognized as functioning in plant defence mechanisms. More specifically, in aerial organ epidermal cells, vacuole‐accumulated strictosidine displays a dual fate, being either the precursor of all monoterpene indole alkaloids after export from the vacuole, or the substrate for a defence mechanism based on the massive protein cross‐linking, which occurs subsequent to organelle membrane disruption during biotic attacks. Such a mechanism relies on a physical separation between the vacuolar strictosidine‐synthesizing enzyme and the nucleus‐targeted enzyme catalyzing its activation through deglucosylation. In the present study, we carried out the spatial characterization of this mechanism by a cellular and subcellular study of three enzymes catalyzing the synthesis of the two strictosidine precursors (i.e. tryptamine and secologanin). Using RNA in situ hybridization, we demonstrated that loganic acid O‐methyltransferase transcript, catalysing the penultimate step of secologanin synthesis, is specifically localized in the epidermis. A combination of green fluorescent protein imaging, bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays and yeast two‐hybrid analysis enabled us to establish that both loganic acid O‐methyltransferase and the tryptamine‐producing enzyme, tryptophan decarboxylase, form homodimers in the cytosol, thereby preventing their passive diffusion to the nucleus. We also showed that the cytochrome P450 secologanin synthase is anchored to the endoplasmic reticulum via a N‐teminal helix, thus allowing the production of secologanin on the cytosolic side of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Consequently, secologanin and tryptamine must be transported to the vacuole to achieve strictosidine biosynthesis, demonstrating the importance of trans‐tonoplast translocation events during these metabolic processes.Structured digital abstract
MINT‐8080228: TDC (uniprotkb:P17770) physically interacts (MI:0915) with TDC (uniprotkb: P17770) by two hybrid (MI:0018)
MINT‐8080246: LAMT (uniprotkb:B2KPR3) physically interacts (MI:0915) with LAMT (uniprotkb:B2KPR3) by two hybrid (MI:0018)
MINT‐8080351: LAMT (uniprotkb:B2KPR3) and LAMT (uniprotkb:B2KPR3) physically interact (MI:0915) by bimolecular fluorescence complementation (MI:0809)
MINT‐8080262: TDC (uniprotkb:P17770) and TDC (uniprotkb:P17770) physically interact (MI:0915) by bimolecular fluorescence complementation (MI:0809)