bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial confinement offered by a blocker on the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy of Ti plasma
Authors: Ayub Rana Muhammad , Bashir Shazia , Dawood Asadullah , Bonyah Ebenezer , Ganie Abdul Hamid , Mahmood Khaliq , Koka Nisar Ahmad , Hayat Asma , Akram Mahreen , Haider Rizvi Syed Zuhaib 
Published: May 2024

Spatial confinement effects offered by a blocker on the laser-induced plasma parameters of titanium (Ti) are evaluated using the Optical Emission Spectroscopy technique. Nd:YAG (1064 nm, 10 ns) laser is used as an irradiation source. To observe the spatial confinement effects, an Al blocker at different distances of 4, 6, and 8 mm from the target is placed along the plume path. All the measurements are performed under the Ar environment at different pressures. It is observed that with increasing laser irradiance plasma parameters such as excitation temperature (Te) and electron number density (ne) increase, whereas it is vice versa true for increasing blocker distances. Without the blocker, the maximum values of Te and ne are about 7000 K and 1.4 × 1018 cm−3, respectively, at an Ar pressure of 50 Torr. A significant increase in emission intensity along with Te ≈ 9810 K and ne ≈ 2.2 × 1018 cm−3 is achieved in the presence of blocker. The results show that spatial confinement is responsible for the enhancement of Te and ne, which is attributed to the increased collisional frequency of plasma species after compression by shockwaves. The ablation pressure and shock pressure are also analytically evaluated and vary from 0.15 to 0.25 GPa and from 0.1 to 0.2 GPa, respectively, with increasing laser irradiance. With increasing blocker distances from 4 to 8 mm, the work done by reflected shockwaves to compress the plume varies from 0.02 to 0.002 mJ.
Development of a ReaxFF reactive force field for ternary phosphate-based bioactive glasses
Authors: Fallah Zohreh , Christie Jamieson K. 
Published: May 2024

Phosphate-based glasses (PBGs) in the CaO–Na2O–P2O5 system have diverse applications as biomaterials due to their unique dissolution properties. A reactive force field (ReaxFF) has been developed to simulate these materials at the atomic level. The ReaxFF parameters of PBGs, including the interaction between phosphorus and calcium atoms, have been developed using a published code based on genetic algorithms. The training data, including the atomic charges, atomic forces, bond and angle parameters, and different differential energies, are chosen and measured from static quantum-mechanical calculations and ab initio molecular dynamics of PBGs. We did different short- and medium-range structural analyses on the bulk simulated PBGs with different compositions to validate the developed potential. Radial and angular distribution functions and coordination numbers of network formers and modifiers, as well as the network connectivity of the glass, are in agreement with experimental and previous simulations using both shell-model classical force fields and ab initio simulated data; for example, the coordination number of phosphorus is 4.0. This successful development of ReaxFF parameters being able to describe the bulk PBGs enables us to work on the dissolution behavior of the glasses, including the interaction of water molecules with PBGs, in future works.
Quantum study of the CH3+ photodissociation in full-dimensional neural network potential energy surfaces
Authors: Mazo-Sevillano Pablo del , Aguado Alfredo , Goicoechea Javier R. , Roncero Octavio 
Published: May 2024

C H 3 + , a cornerstone intermediate in interstellar chemistry, has recently been detected for the first time by using the James Webb Space Telescope. The photodissociation of this ion is studied here. Accurate explicitly correlated multi-reference configuration interaction ab initio calculations are done, and full-dimensional potential energy surfaces are developed for the three lower electronic states, with a fundamental invariant neural network method. The photodissociation cross section is calculated using a full-dimensional quantum wave packet method in heliocentric Radau coordinates. The wave packet is represented in angular and radial grids, allowing us to reduce the number of points physically accessible, requiring to push up the spurious states appearing when evaluating the angular kinetic terms, through projection technique. The photodissociation spectra, when employed in astrochemical models to simulate the conditions of the Orion bar, result in a lesser destruction of CH3+ compared to that obtained when utilizing the recommended values in the kinetic database for astrochemistry.
Optimizing energy harvesting from ship-based buoys using Bat Algorithm—A case study
Authors: Chiu Min-Chie , Cheng Ho-Chih 
Published: May 2024

It is imperative to explore alternative, preferably renewable energy sources to diminish our reliance on coal and oil, thereby mitigating the adverse impacts of greenhouse gases. For this, an approach was proposed to generate electrical power through energy harvesting from a ship’s buoy riding a lake’s wave. Specifically, an electrical power generation device was established on the side of the ship using a generator and a rod connected to the skirt-type buoy. With the buoy bobbing in the waves, the rod swung due to the relative height difference between the bobbing buoy and the ship, thus generating periodic electrical power. A case study was performed with a fetch of 4 km, a lake depth of 10 m, and a wind speed of 4.5 m/s. To maximize the electrical power generated, the ship-based energy harvester was optimized using a bat algorithm. The resulting mathematical analysis exhibits a worthy electrical power output of 241.6 W. This study underscores the potential of hydraulic energy generation as a promising and sustainable renewable energy and offers valuable insights into optimizing energy harvesters for maximized electricity production.
Effects of melatonin implants on reproductive performance in sheep: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Uzabacı Ender , Ustuner Hakan 
Published: May 2024

Context Sheep are seasonal breeding animals. Different reproduction systems exist to enhance productivity in non-breeding season. One of the methods used in enhancing reproductive performance in sheep breeding is melatonin administration. Aim This study aimed to evaluate the impact of melatonin application on reproductive performance in sheep by meta-analysis according to different factors. Methods To find eligible studies, PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched. Twenty studies published between 1991 and 2021 were included in the meta-analysis. The effect sizes of pregnancy rate, lambing rate and litter size were calculated according to breeds, production characteristics (dairy-meat breeds) and season (breeding–non-breeding). The study estimated the risk ratio for pregnancy and lambing rates, and standardized mean difference for litter size as effect size. Key results The melatonin hormone increases the pregnancy rate by 1.07 times and the lambing rate by 1.36 times. The effect size (risk ratio) of the Rasa Aragonesa breed (1.15) for pregnancy rate and the Merino breed (1.65) for lambing rate was higher than the Sarda breed. Conclusions The positive effect of melatonin was found to be higher in the non-breeding season than in the breeding season for the three reproductive performance traits examined. Implications This study is a comprehensive research study examining the effect of melatonin application in sheep according to different factors.
Environmental impacts of Australian pork in 2020 and 2022 determined using lifecycle assessments
Authors: Copley M. A. , McGahan E. J. , McCormack K. , Wiedemann S. G. 
Published: May 2024

Context The Australian pork industry is highly efficient, with a history of ongoing productivity and environmental improvement. The introduction of economy-wide environmental targets require delivering and tracking performance improvement. Aims This study determined carbon footprint (greenhouse gas [GHG] and land use [LU] and direct land use change [dLUC] emissions, reported as kg CO2-e), fossil energy (MJ), freshwater consumption (L), water stress (L H2O-e), land occupation (m2) and eutrophication potential (nitrogen and phosphorus) for Australian pork for 2020 and 2022. Variability between housing, manure management systems, and regions were identified, and systems analysed to determine new options for low-impact pork. Methods In the largest Australian study of its kind, data for ~70% of pigs produced were collected using a stratified design. Using attributional life cycle assessment, impacts were reported per kilogram of liveweight (LW), post-processed, retail, and boneless, fat-corrected pork. Results are presented as industry averages ± 2 × s.d. Key results Key results were 3.0 ± 0.1 and 3.0 ± 0.1 kg CO2-e GHG, 0.4 ± 0.07 and 0.3 ± 0.03 kg CO2-e LU and dLUC, 12.9 ± 0.5 and 13.4 ± 0.5 MJ, 93.8 ± 9.6 and 52.5 ± 3.6 L, 68.4 ± 6.7 and 43.2 ± 3.3 L H2O-e, and 12.0 ± 0.9 and 12.7 ± 0.9 m2/kg LW in 2020 and 2022, respectively. Due to industry growth, total emissions were higher in 2022. Eutrophication potential for Australian pork (2.2 × 10−4 ± 3.0 × 10−5 kg phosphorus and 8.7 × 10−3 ± 3.5 × 10−4 kg nitrogen/kg LW), reported for the first time, was low compared with grazing systems and European piggeries. Conclusions Industry has demonstrated long-term performance improvement, though the rate slowed between 2020 and 2022. Ongoing interventions are required to return to trend. Covered pond, deep litter, and outdoor systems produce lower carbon footprint pork and can provide other environmental benefits from renewable energy, and reduced fossil energy demand. Implications There is potential to further reduce environmental impacts through practice change. If industry is to meet formal targets, investment and proactive policy settings are required to overcome barriers to adoption of existing technology and support the techno-economic case for novel strategies.
Subtitling strategies of swear words in the stand-up comedy Mo Amer: Muhammad in Texas
Authors: Sawi Islam Al 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Stand-up comedies often employ swear words as a technique to create audience rapport and playful discourse.
However, translators face significant challenges in subtitling swear words in these performances for conservative cultures, such
as Arabic. This research uses a qualitative and quantitative approach to analyze the Netflix special Mo Amer: Muhammad in
Texas to identify swear words, their Arabic subtitles, and the subtitling strategies used and their frequency,
utilizing Ljung’s (2011) swear words’ classification and Khoshsaligheh and Ameri’s (2014) subtitling framework. The results revealed that among the 174 identified
swear words, “fuck” and “shit” were the most frequently used, at 52% and 16% respectively. Translators employed euphemism,
deletion, and taboo to non-taboo strategies, with euphemism emerging as the most predominant at 44%. The strategy of subtitling
via taboo to taboo was not used when rendering swear words into Arabic, probably due to cultural considerations for the audience.
The findings enhance cross-cultural subtitling practices for stand-up comedy and promote inclusive and engaging experiences for
diverse audiences. Further implications are discussed.
Visual perception verbs in Old Anatolian Turkish
Authors: Erk Emeksiz Zeynep , Rentzsch Julian 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This study aims at describing the verbs of the visual sensory domain in Old Anatolian Turkish (oat),
including basic and compound verb forms. We shall specifically focus on intra-field and trans-field meaning extensions of visual
perception verbs such as baḳ-, naẓar et-, gör-, and görin-/gözük-. Our findings are based on a
corpus consisting of 11 texts both in prose and poetry from the 13th to 15th centuries. There are mainly two types of verbs that
conceptualise mental and emotive states through visual perception: one pertains to idiomatic expressions with göz
‘eye’, such as göz-(ün) aç- (eye-poss.acc open), göz-den düş- (eye-abl fall),
and göz dut- (eye hold). The second form includes basic verbs including baḳ- (to look at),
gör- (to see), naẓar et- (to look at) and gör-in-/göz-ük- (to appear). We
shall show that visual perception constitutes a rich source for expressing emotive states, and the use of vision verbs for the
expression of emotions is as productive as it is for mental states. Similar to Sweetser’s body is mind metaphor, we
suggest that vision is emotion. The domain of visual perception in oat texts displays a strong connection to
intellection; however, there is no evidence in our data indicating that the verbs gör- and baḳ-
have meaning extension to ‘to know’. The phenomenon-based verbs görin- and gözük- have mainly
two meaning extensions: one is related to physical existence, as in ‘occur’ and ‘appear’ in English. When these verbs co-occur
with nouns and adjectives, they reflect the speakers’ judgements and beliefs by means of a metaphor.
“I never said that”
Authors: Elder Chi-Hé , Filipović Luna 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Police interviewers in England and Wales engage in the practice of investigative interviewing that is based on
obtaining neutral, institutionally accepted account from suspects. This involves a process not only of eliciting information from
suspects, but also of managing the interview by choosing topics for questioning, seeking clarification and additional details, and
shaping the account to fulfil institutional requirements. Interviewers must therefore be sensitive to any unclear meanings from
the suspect and avoid potential misunderstandings in order to avoid misrepresentation of account. This study uses authentic police
interview data to exemplify the interactional process of meaning negotiation between police officers and suspects, examining how
multiple constraints of this very restrictive communication context can affect which meanings are put on record and resolved, and
which are ignored or left unresolved. The paper finishes by offering practical applicable insights about how interviewers can
avoid misunderstandings in the interview room.
Final report for CCT comparison of ITS-90 realisations above the silver point using two transfer radiation thermometers and a set of high temperature fixed-point blackbody cells
Authors: McEvoy Helen , Lowe Dave , Machin Graham , José Martin Maria , Anhalt Klaus , Hollandt Jӧrg , Sadli Mohamed , Bourson Frédéric , Yamada Yoshiro , Sasajima Naohiko , Lu Xiaofeng , Yoo Yongshim , Yoon Howard , Gibson Charles , Todd Andrew , Woods Donald 
Published: May 2024

Main text
This report outlines the equipment, measurement method, results and uncertainties associated with the participant measurements for the Consultative Committee of Thermometry Key Comparison K10 (CCT-K10), "ITS-90 realisations above the silver point using two transfer radiation thermometers and a set of high temperature fixed-point blackbody cells", over the period from around summer 2014 to the final measurements made during January 2020. The report presents differences of the participant data from the KCRV values for both the radiation thermometer and HTFP measurements. Note: this interim report excludes the measurement data of VNIIM, Russia - see explanation at the end of Section 6.
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCT, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Preliminary sensitivity study for a gravitational redshift measurement with China’s Lunar exploration project
Authors: Qin Cheng-Gang , Liu Tong , Dai Xiao-Yi , Guo Peng-Bin , Huang Weisheng , Liu Xiang-Pei , Tan Yu-Jie , Shao Cheng-Gang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
General relativity (GR) is a highly successful theory that describes gravity as a geometric phenomenon. The gravitational redshift, a classic test of GR, can potentially be violated in alternative gravity theories, and experimental tests on this effect are crucial for our understanding of gravity. In this paper, considering the space-ground clock comparisons with free-space links, we discuss a high-precision Doppler cancellation-based measurement model for testing gravitational redshift. This model can effectively reduce various sources of error and noise, reducing the influences of the first-order Doppler effect, atmospheric delay, Shapiro delay, etc. China’s Lunar Exploration Project (CLEP) is proposed to equip the deep-space H maser with a daily stability of

2
×

10

−
15

, which provides an approach for testing gravitational redshift. Based on the simulation, we analyze the space-ground clock comparison experiments of the CLEP experiment, and simulation analysis demonstrates that under ideal condition of high-precision measurement of the onboard H-maser frequency offset and drift, the CLEP experiment may reach the uncertainty of

3.7
×

10

−
6

after a measurement session of 60 days. Our results demonstrate that if the issue of frequency offset and drift is solved, CLEP missions have a potential of testing the gravitational redshift with high accuracy.
Repulsive gravity in regular black holes
Authors: Luongo Orlando , Quevedo Hernando 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We evaluate the effects of repulsive gravity using first order geometric invariants, i.e. the Ricci scalar and the eigenvalues of the Riemann curvature tensor, for three regular black holes, namely the Bardeen, Hayward, and Dymnikova spacetimes. To examine the repulsive effects, we calculate their respective onsets and regions of repulsive gravity. Afterwards, we compare the repulsive regions obtained from these metrics among themselves and then with the predictions got from the Reissner–Nordström and Schwarzschild–de Sitter. A notable characteristic, observed in all these metrics, is that the repulsive regions appear to be unaffected by the mass that generates the regular black hole. This property emerges due to the invariants employed in our analysis, which do not change sign through linear combinations of the mass and the free coefficients of the metrics. As a result, gravity can change sign independently of the specific values acquired by the mass. This conclusion suggests a potential incompleteness of regular solutions, particularly in terms of their repulsive effects. To further highlight this finding, we numerically compute, for the Reissner–Nordström and Schwarzschild–de Sitter solutions, the values of mass, M, that emulate the repulsive effects found in the Bardeen and Hayward spacetimes. These selected values of M provide evidence that regular black holes do not incorporate repulsive effects by means of the masses used to generate the solutions themselves. Implications and physical consequences of these results are then discussed in detail.
Metrological assessment of the carbon tubes behavior under thermal variation for the compensation of 3D devices
Authors: El Asmai Salma , Coorevits Thierry , Provost-Mattmann Salomé , Brault Romain , Hennebelle François 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Composite materials are increasingly used in 3D metrology, especially for portable measuring devices such as articulated arm coordinate measuring machines (AACMM), 3D scanners, and ball bars. Their use is justified by their interesting mechanical properties including their low density, good rigidity, and especially their light weight, which makes them ideal for portable devices, that are meant to be often transported by the user. However, due to their complex composition, the characterization of the thermal behavior of composite materials remains complicated compared to standard materials and is nowadays an active research subject. In fact, the coefficient of thermal expansion of composite materials is dependent of the very specific composition of the composite material considered. Hence, it is function of several parameters such as the orientation of the fibers, the fiber volume fraction, the ply sequence, the cooling rate, etc. In the other hand, in 3D metrology, and especially in portable 3D metrology, determining the expansion coefficient of the different part of the measurement devices used is necessary. In fact, the portable measurement machines are often integrated and used directly on the shop floor, where the thermal variations can be important and then heavily impact the measurements results. In some cases, the lack of knowledge of the coefficient of thermal expansion of the composite materials that compose the portable measuring machine can significantly increase the measurement uncertainty.
A hierarchical adaptive selection neural network for dynamic impact localization of wind turbine blades
Authors: Luan Yingxin , Wang Jiangpeng , Huang Qing , Li Teng 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This paper focuses on the localization problem of dynamic impacts that can lead to significant damages on wind turbine blades (WTBs). Localization of dynamic impacts on WTBs is essential for wind turbines due to their vulnerability to dynamic impacts such as birds, stones, hails. The proposed deep learning methodology contributes to accurately locate the impacted blade and specific position using the measurements from a limited number of sensors. In particular, a novel hierarchical adaptive selection neural network is proposed, which integrates a classification subnetwork and a regression subnetwork. Specifically, an adaptive blade selection mechanism is designed to determine the impacted blade for classification while an adaptive window selection mechanism is developed to highlight the representative time period for regression. By deploying a limited number of sensors to acquire measured vibration data, the proposed method can accurately identify the collision locations of transient impacts loaded on WTBs. In both simulated and real-world experiments, the proposed method achieves the mean absolute error of 0.189 centimeter and 1.088 centimeter for impact localization. The experimental results demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed model in comparison with the existing methods for localizing impulsive loads on WTBs.
Novel binary regulated silicon-carbon materials as high-performance anodes for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: He Xinran , Xiang Xiaolin , Pan Piao , Li Peidong , Cui Yuehua 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The massive volume dilation, unsteady solid electrolyte interphase, and weak conductivity about Si have failed to bring it to practical applications, although its potential capacity is up to 4200 mAh g−1. For solving these problems, novel binary regulated silicon–carbon materials (Si/BPC) were done by a sol–gel procedure combined with single carbonization. Analytical techniques were systematically utilized to examine the effects of element doping at several gradients on morphology, structure and electrochemical properties of composites, thus the optimal content was identified. Si/BPC preserves a discharge specific capacity of 1021.6 mAh g−1 with a coulomb efficiency of 99.27% after 180 cycles at 1000 mA g−1, within the upgrade than single-doped and undoped. In rate test, it has a specific capacity of 1003.2 mAh g−1 at a high current density of 5000 mA g−1, quickly back towards 2838.6 mAh g−1 at 200 mA g−1. The inclusion of B and P elements is linked to the electrochemical characteristics. In the co-doped carbon layers, the synergistic impact of doping B and P accelerates the diffusion kinetics of lithium ions, boosts diffusion rate of Li+, offers low electrochemical impedance (45.75 Ω). This brings more defects to provide transport carriers and induces a substantial amount of electrochemically active sites, which fosters the storage of Li+, thus making silicon material electrochemically more active and potential.