bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chinese Women Protesting Domestic Violence
Authors: Zhang Lu 
Published: July 2009

Abstract
The “Domestic Violence in China: Research, Intervention and Prevention” Project of China Law Society, the first women's NGO in China organized exclusively against the issue of domestic violence, was launched in Beijing in 2000. This article examines the construction of this non-profit project as an outcome of dynamic interactions among a constellation of both global and local feminist forces and agents. It shows that the formation of the project combines three interwoven processes, which include 1) the emergence of women's NGOs and the rise of anti-domestic violence activism among the NGOs as a result of the Beijing Conference; 2) international donors' active economic cultivation of anti-gender violence activism among local women's NGOs; 3) participant activists' rationalization of the project as a worthwhile cause for their political commitment with their “vocabularies of motives.” This article provides a contextualized study of the global spread of the feminist anti-violence against women cause from a local perspective, suggesting that the “global and the “local,” in the field of transnational feminism, should be treated more attentively as an interactive nexus rather than as largely independent entities.
Intraoperative monitoring of cortically recorded visual response for posterior visual pathway
Authors: Ota Takahiro , Kawai Kensuke , Kamada Kyousuke , Kin Taichi , Saito Nobuhito 
Published: July 2009

Object
Intraoperative monitoring of visual evoked potentials (VEPs) has been regarded as having limited significance for the preservation of visual function during neurosurgical procedures, mainly due to its poor spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio. The authors evaluated the usefulness of cortically recorded VEPs, instead of the usual scalp VEPs, as intraoperative monitoring focusing on the posterior visual pathway.

Methods
In 17 consecutive patients who underwent microsurgical procedures for lesions near the posterior visual pathway, cortical responses were recorded using 1-Hz flashing light-emitting diodes and subdural strip electrodes after induction of general anesthesia with sevoflurane or propofol. The detectability and waveform of the initial response, stability, and changes during microsurgical manipulations were analyzed in association with the position of electrodes and postoperative changes in visual function.

Results
Initial VEPs were detected in 82% of all patients. The VEPs were detected in 94% of patients without total hemianopia in whom electrodes were placed sufficiently near the occipital pole; in these cases the recordings were not significantly affected by anesthesia. The detectability rates of the negative peak before 100 msec (N1), positive peak ~ 100 msec (P100), and negative peak after 100 msec (N2) were 36, 50, and 100%, respectively. The mean latencies and amplitudes of N1, P100, and N2 were 90.0 ± 15.9 msec and 61.0 ± 64.0 μV, 103.9 ± 13.5 msec and 34.3 ± 38.6 μV, and 125.7 ± 12.2 msec and 44.9 ± 48.9 μV, respectively, showing great variability. In 11 patients, the initial waveforms of VEP remained stable during microsurgical procedures, and the visual status did not change postoperatively, while it disappeared in 2 patients who presented with postoperative hemianopia.

Conclusions
Direct recording from the visual cortices under general anesthesia achieved satisfactory detectability of the visual response to a light-emitting diode flashing light. Although the initial waveforms varied greatly among patients, they were stable during microsurgical procedures, and the changes were consistent with postoperative visual function. Intraoperative cortical VEP monitoring is a potentially useful procedure to monitor the functional integrity of the posterior visual pathway.
Risk of Obesity for Hypertension differs between Diabetic and Non-diabetic Subjects
Authors: Sayeed MA , Banu Akhtar , Khanam Parvin Akter , Mahtab Hajera , Khan AK Azad 
Published: July 2009

In recent years, non-communicable diseases (NCD) like obesity, hypertension (HTN) and Type2 diabetes (T2DM) are on the increase, specially in the developing nations. Body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and Waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) are used as indices of obesity to relate T2DM, HTN and coronary artery disease (CAD). This study addresses whether the risk of obesity for HTN differs between T2DM and non-DM subjects. We investigated 693 diabetic patients from BIRDEM and 2384 from communities. We measured height, weight, waist-girth, hip-girth and blood pressure. All subjects underwent oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). BMI, WHR and WHtR were calculated. Systolic and diastolic hypertension (sHTN and dHTN)) were defined as SBP >=140 and DBP >= 90 mmHg, respectively. The prevalence of both sHTN and dHTN in T2DM was higher than the non-DM subjects (sHTN: 49.1 vs 14.3%, dHTN 19.6 vs. 9.5%). The comparison of characteristics between subjects with and without hypertension showed that the differences were significant for age, weight, waist-girth, BMI, WHR and WHtR for both T2DM and non-DM subjects (for all p < 0.001). The increasing trend of hypertension with increasing obesity was observed more in the non-DM than in the T2DM subjects. The risk (OR) of obesity for hypertension increased with increasing WHR and WHtR in the non-DM than the T2DM subjects. Compared with the non-DM the T2DM participants had two to three folds higher prevalence of HTN. In either group, BMI, WHR and WHtR were significantly higher in the hypertensive than the non-hypertensive subjects. The prevalence of hypertension increased with the increasing BMI, WHR and WHtR but significant only in the non-DM. Further studies may confirm these findings and determine whether there was any altered association between blood pressure and obesity in diabetes possibily, with or without autonomic neuropathy. Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2007; 1(1): 1-6 Key words: obesity, hypertension, diabetes, odds ratio doi: 10.3329/imcj.v1i1.2887
Coronary Arteriovenous Fistula: A Case Report
Authors: Chowdhury MZ , Bari MA , Khan AR , Miah AK 
Published: July 2009

The prevalence of congenital abnormalities of coronary artery is about 2% of general population. Of these abnormalities 5% were related to coronary artery fistulae (CAF). We report a case of 66 year old diabetic woman who presented with retrosternal chest pain. Her chest pain was associated with exercise and progressively deteriorated over the last 6 months. Electrocardiography showed right bundle branch block and Echo Color Doppler revealed hypo kinetic lateral wall. Coronary angiogram detected nothing abnormal except an aberrant tortuous branch of left circumflex. CT scan revealed a calcified sac medial to the descended thoracic aorta. A contrast enhancement was also done. All these imaging impressions were suggestive of coronary-to-pulmonary fistula. Key Words: Coronary Artery; abnormalities Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2007; 1(1): 32-33 doi: 10.3329/imcj.v1i1.2892
Gestion de l'information environnementale en entreprise : choix et évaluation d'un système
Authors: Spaey Dominique , Sofias Anastasio 
Published: July 2009

Résumé Le volume des informations environnementales et leur complexité sont en forte croissance et leur gestion requiert une attention particulière. Que cette gestion apparaisse à une entreprise comme une contrainte ou une opportunité, il importe qu’elle optimise le rapport coût-efficacité de son système de gestion de l’information environnementale. Deux approches lui seront particulièrement utiles : les études de faisabilité de systèmes à mettre en œuvre et l’évaluation des performances de systèmes déjà opérationnels. Ces approches sont présentées ici de manière générale afin qu’une majorité d’entreprises puisse se retrouver dans cette analyse et pour ne pas trahir les informations relatives aux clients et prospects des auteurs.
Colloque IFIE
Authors: Battisti Michèle 
Published: July 2009

Résumé Un colloque organisé le 16 mai 2006 au Cercle suédois de Paris par l’Institut français de l’intelligence économique (IFIE) a réuni trois spécialistes venus de Suède et autant de Français. Leur analyse comparée de l’intelligence économique dans chacun des deux pays devait s’orienter dans plusieurs directions : histoire et émergence de l’IE, présentation et organisation de l’IE étatique, pratique dans les entreprises, et enseignement de l’intelligence économique.
Journée d'étude ADBS. Mutualiser pour répondre à de nouveaux besoins
Authors: Caron Agnès , Ferchaud Bernadette 
Published: July 2009

Résumé Le développement du travail collaboratif et des réseaux coopératifs ou « sociaux » conduit naturellement à la mutualisation – des ressources, des moyens, des services, des compétences. Particulièrement sensible dans le monde documentaire, cette problématique était au centre d’une journée d’étude organisée le 11 mai 2006 par l’ADBS. Une étude du concept et de la démarche de mutualisation a introduit la présentation de plusieurs exemples d’expériences menées à bien sur divers plans : achat de ressources, production d’information, réponses individualisées, création de services, partage de compétences et savoir-faire...
A Bipolar Host Material Containing Triphenylamine and Diphenylphosphoryl‐Substituted Fluorene Units for Highly Efficient Blue Electrophosphorescence
Authors: Hsu Fang‐Ming , Chien Chen‐Han , Shu Ching‐Fong , Lai Chin‐Hung , Hsieh Cheng‐Chih , Wang Kang‐Wei , Chou Pi‐Tai 
Published: July 2009

AbstractHighly efficient blue electrophosphorescent organic light‐emitting diodes incorporating a bipolar host, 2,7‐bis(diphenylphosphoryl)‐9‐[4‐(N,N‐diphenylamino)phenyl]‐9‐phenylfluorene (POAPF), doped with a conventional blue triplet emitter, iridium(III) bis[(4,6‐difluoro‐phenyl)pyridinato‐N,C2´]picolinate (FIrpic) are fabricated. The molecular architecture of POAPF features an electron‐donating (p‐type) triphenylamine group and an electron‐accepting (n‐type) 2,7‐bis(diphenyl‐phosphoryl)fluorene segment linked through the sp3‐hybridized C9 position of the fluorene unit. The lack of conjugation between these p‐ and n‐type groups endows POAPF with a triplet energy gap (ET) of 2.75 eV, which is sufficiently high to confine the triplet excitons on the blue‐emitting guest. In addition, the built‐in bipolar functionality facilitates both electron and hole injection. As a result, a POAPF‐based device doped with 7 wt% FIrpic exhibits a very low turn‐on voltage (2.5 V) and high electroluminescence efficiencies (20.6% and 36.7 lm W−1). Even at the practical brightnesses of 100 and 1000 cd m−2, the efficiencies remain high (20.2%/33.8 lm W−1 and 18.8%/24.3 lm W−1, respectively), making POAPF a promising material for use in low‐power‐consumption devices for next‐generation flat‐panel displays and light sources.
Gold Nanorods: From Synthesis and Properties to Biological and Biomedical Applications
Authors: Huang Xiaohua , Neretina Svetlana , El‐Sayed Mostafa A. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractNoble metal nanoparticles are capable of confining resonant photons in such a manner as to induce coherent surface plasmon oscillation of their conduction band electrons, a phenomenon leading to two important properties. Firstly, the confinement of the photon to the nanoparticle's dimensions leads to a large increase in its electromagnetic field and consequently great enhancement of all the nanoparticle's radiative properties, such as absorption and scattering. Moreover, by confining the photon's wavelength to the nanoparticle's small dimensions, there exists enhanced imaging resolving powers, which extend well below the diffraction limit, a property of considerable importance in potential device applications. Secondly, the strongly absorbed light by the nanoparticles is followed by a rapid dephasing of the coherent electron motion in tandem with an equally rapid energy transfer to the lattice, a process integral to the technologically relevant photothermal properties of plasmonic nanoparticles. Of all the possible nanoparticle shapes, gold nanorods are especially intriguing as they offer strong plasmonic fields while exhibiting excellent tunability and biocompatibility. We begin this review of gold nanorods by summarizing their radiative and nonradiative properties. Their various synthetic methods are then outlined with an emphasis on the seed‐mediated chemical growth. In particular, we describe nanorod spontaneous self‐assembly, chemically driven assembly, and polymer‐based alignment. The final section details current studies aimed at applications in the biological and biomedical fields.
Ultrasonic processing of suspensions of hematite nanopowder stabilized with sodium polyacrylate
Authors: Ding P. , Pacek A. W. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe effect of power input, solid content, surfactant concentration, and pH on the kinetics of wet deagglomeration of hematite nanopowder in ultrasonic comminution device and on the rheology of resulting suspensions has been investigated and compared with the kinetics of deagglomeration and rheology of the suspensions of goethite nanopowder. It has been found that the main mechanisms are fragmentation and erosion, which leads to bimodal transient size distributions of aggregates. Fragmentation of large aggregates starts after certain delay time but erosion of nanoparticles starts from very beginning of processing. Deaggregation of hematite nanopowder is only possible in the presence of surfactant, but increase of concentration of surfactant above certain critical value does not affect kinetics of deagglomeration. The increase of solid concentration up to 20 w/w% reduces the amount of energy necessary for deagglomeration of unit mass of the powder. Effect of pH on the kinetics of deagglomeration and the morphology/rheology of the resulting suspensions is discussed. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2009
Evidence‐based medicine and practice guidelines: Application to genetics
Authors: Toriello Helga V. , Goldenberg Paula 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe Professional Practice and Guidelines Committee of the American College of Medical Genetics has the responsibility of overseeing the development of guidelines for the practice of clinical genetics. In the past, most, if not all, guidelines were primarily based on expert opinion. However, recently the goal has become to develop guidelines that are more evidence‐based, or at least, to recognize the level of evidence available to the authors of these documents. This article reviews the challenges that are faced by geneticists who are charged with the development of practice guidelines. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of soy vs. casein protein on body weight and glycemic control in female monkeys and their offspring
Authors: Wagner Janice D. , Jorgensen Matthew J. , Cline J. Mark , Lees Cynthia J. , Franke Adrian A. , Zhang Li , Ayers Melissa R. , Schultz Carrie , Kaplan Jay R. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractNutritional interventions are important for reducing obesity and related conditions. Soy is a good source of protein and also contains isoflavones that may affect plasma lipids, body weight, and insulin action. Described here are data from a monkey breeding colony in which monkeys were initially fed a standard chow diet that is low fat with protein derived from soy. Monkeys were then randomized to a defined diet with a fat content similar to the typical American diet (TAD) containing either protein derived from soy (TAD soy) or casein–lactalbumin (TAD casein). The colony was followed for over two years to assess body weight, and carbohydrate and lipid measures in adult females (n=19) and their offspring (n=25). Serum isoflavone concentrations were higher with TAD soy than TAD casein, but not as high as when monkey chow was fed. Offspring consuming TAD soy had higher serum isoflavone concentrations than adults consuming TAD soy. Female monkeys consuming TAD soy had better glycemic control, as determined by fructosamine concentrations, but no differences in lipids or body weight compared with those consuming diets with TAD casein. Offspring born to dams consuming TAD soy had similar body weights at birth but over a two‐year period weighed significantly less, had significantly lower triglyceride concentrations, and like adult females, had significantly lower fructosamine concentrations compared to TAD casein. Glucose tolerance tests in adult females were not significantly different with diet, but offspring eating TAD soy had increased glucose disappearance with overall lower glucose and insulin responses to the glucose challenge compared with TAD casein. Potential reasons for the additional benefits of TAD soy observed in offspring but not in adults may be related to higher serum isoflavone concentrations in offspring, presence of the diet differences throughout more of their lifespan (including gestation), or different tissue susceptibilities in younger animals. Am. J. Primatol. 71:802–811, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Tragverhalten von Verbundbauteilen aus bewehrtem UHFB und Stahlbeton
Authors: Oesterlee Cornelius , Brühwiler Eugen , Denarié Emmanuel 
Published: July 2009

AbstractUltra‐Hochleistungs‐Faserbetone (UHFB) eignen sich aufgrund ihrer hohen Festigkeiten, des hohen Verformungsvermögens und der geringen Permeabilität zur Verbesserung und Instandsetzung bestehender Betonbauten. Mit dünnen Schichten von bewehrtem UHFB, die auf bestehende Stahlbetonbauteile aufgetragen werden, können der Tragwiderstand und die Gebrauchstauglichkeit deutlich gesteigert werden. In einer umfangreichen Versuchsreihe wurden die Eigenschaften von mit zusätzlich zu den Fasern auch mit Stabstahl bewehrtem UHFB untersucht. Die Bewehrung des UHFB mit Stabstählen ist vorteilhaft, um den Verfestigungsbereich des UHFB zu erweitern, seinen Tragwiderstand zu erhöhen und die Streuung seiner mechanischen Eigenschaften zu reduzieren. Zur Bewehrung können hoch‐ oder niederfeste Stähle mit unterschiedlichen Oberflächenstrukturen zum Einsatz kommen. Abschließend werden zwei Anwendungen vorgestellt.Structural Behaviour of Composite Elements Combining Reinforced Ultra‐High Performance Fibre‐Reinforced Concrete (UHPFRC) and Reinforced ConcreteDue to their high strengths, high deformability and low permeability Ultra‐High Performance Fibre‐Reinforced Concretes (UHPFRC) are suitable for the improvement and rehabilitation of existing concrete structures. Thin layers of reinforced UHPFRC that are applied to existing concrete members, increase both the load bearing capacity and the serviceability. By comprehensive experimental studies the behaviour of UHPFRC with additional bar reinforcement was investigated. The reinforcement of UHPFRC is advantageous in order to increase the strain hardening capacity of UHPFRC, its load bearing capacity and to reduce the scatter of its mechanical properties. Low or high strength steel grades with various surface characteristics can be used as reinforcement of UHPFRC. Finally two on site applications are presented.
Enhancement of chemiluminescence of the KIO4–luminol system by gallic acid, acetaldehyde and Mn2+: application for the determination of catecholamines
Authors: Chen Yu‐Cheng , Lin Wann‐Yin 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemiluminescence (CL) from the oxidation of luminol with potassium periodate in strong alkaline solutions was greatly enhanced by the combined effect of gallic acid, acetaldehyde and Mn2+. The CL spectra exhibited only one emission band at 425 nm, indicating 3‐aminophthalate as the emitting species. Various scavengers for superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical and singlet oxygen quenched the CL emission very efficiently (74–100%), suggesting the possible involvement of these reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the CL reactions. It is postulated that oxidation of gallic acid and acetaldehyde by periodate catalyzed by Mn2+ generates these ROS, which then react with luminol to enhance the CL emission. We also found that the enhanced CL emission was strongly inhibited by catecholamines, probably because of their effective scavenging of ROS. Based on this observation, a simple, rapid and sensitive new CL method was developed for the determination of catecholamines. The detection limits (3σ) for dopamine, l‐dopa, norepinephrine and epinephrine were 0.63, 1.37, 0.56 and 14.3 nmol/L, respectively. The linear range was 1–10 nmol/L; relative standard deviations were 0.71–1.34% for 0.1 µmol/mL catecholamines. This CL method was applied to the determination of catecholamines in pharmaceutical injections with satisfactory results. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Determination of folic acid by high‐performance liquid chromatography with direct electrogenerated chemiluminescence reaction
Authors: Sun Yonghua , Zhang Zhujun , Xi Zhijun , Shi Zuolong 
Published: July 2009

AbstractIn our present work, it was found that the electrooxidation of folic acid (FA) was accompanied by electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) emission. Out of the four inorganic salts, NaNO3 solution was found to be a suitable supporting electrolyte for the ECL emission of FA. Coupled with high‐performance liquid chromatography separation, this simple ECL method was used for post‐column determination of FA. Under the optimal conditions, the ECL intensity has a linear relationship with the concentration of FA in the range of 1.0 × 10−7 to 1.0 × 10−5 g/mL and the detection limit was 5 × 10−8 g/mL (signal‐to‐noise ratio = 3). Application of the present method to the analysis of FA in human urine proved feasible. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Flow injection determination of benzhexol based on its sensitizing effect on the chemiluminescent reaction of Ce(IV)–sulfite
Authors: Zhang Jingkai , Li Jianguo , Tu Yifeng 
Published: July 2009

AbstractIn this paper, a novel chemiluminescent (CL) method for the determination of benzhexol has been developed by combining the flow injection technique and its sensitizing effect on the weak CL reaction between sulfite and acidic cerium(IV). A mechanism for the CL reaction has been proposed on the basis of CL spectra. Under the optimized conditions, the proposed method allows the measurement of benzhexol hydrochloride over the range 0.1–10 μg/mL with a correlation coefficient of 0.9992 (n = 8), a detection limit of 0.02 μg/mL (3σ), and a relative standard deviation for 2.0 μg/mL benzhexol (n = 11) of 1.65%. The utility of this method was demonstrated by determining benzhexol hydrochloride in tablets. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Simple and sensitive HPLC method for determination of amrubicin and amrubicinol in human plasma: application to a clinical pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Ando Reiko , Makino Yoshinori , Tamura Tomohide , Yamamoto Noboru , Nishigaki Rena , Kimura Takehiro , Yokote Nobuaki , Yamamoto Hiroshi 
Published: July 2009

AbstractA simple and sensitive high‐performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was developed for determination of amrubicin and its metabolite amrubicinol in human plasma. After protein precipitation with methanol without evaporation procedure, large volume samples were injected and separated by two monolithic columns with a guard column. The mobile phase consisted of tetrahydrofuran–dioxane–water (containing 2.3 mM acetic acid and 4 mM sodium 1‐octanesulfonate; 2:6:15, v/v/v). Wavelengths of fluorescence detection were set at 480 nm for excitation and 550 nm for detection. Under these conditions, linearity was confirmed in the 2.5–5000 ng/mL concentration range of both compounds. The intra‐ and inter‐day precision and intra‐ and inter‐day accuracy for both compounds were less than 10%. The method was successfully applied to a clinical pharmacokinetic study of amrubicin and amrubicinol in cancer patients. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.