bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunosuppressants reduce venous thrombosis relapse in Behçet's disease
Authors: Desbois A. C. , Wechsler B. , Resche‐Rigon M. , Piette J. C. , Huong D. Le Thi , Amoura Z. , Koskas F. , Desseaux K. , Cacoub P. , Saadoun D. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate and describe the long‐term outcome of venous thrombosis in patients with Behçet's disease (BD).MethodsIn a retrospective cohort of 807 BD patients, a reported 296 patients (36.7%) (73.3% male, median age 30 years [interquartile range 24–36 years]) met the international classification criteria for BD and had venous thrombosis. We assessed factors associated with thrombosis relapse and mortality.ResultsThere were a total of 586 venous thrombosis events, including 560 cases of deep thrombosis and 26 cases of superficial thrombosis. Deep venous thrombosis events included 323 cases of limb thrombosis (55.1%), 77 cases of cerebral venous thrombosis (13.1%), 57 cases of pulmonary embolism (9.7%), 63 cases of vena cava lesions (10.7%), 14 cases of Budd‐Chiari syndrome (2.4%), and 13 cases of cervical vein thrombosis (2.2%). One hundred of 296 patients (33.8%) experienced at least 1 venous thrombosis relapse. The mortality rate was 6.4% (19 of 296 patients) after a median followup of 4.75 years (interquartile range 2–7 years). In univariate analysis, death was associated with cardiac involvement (P = 0.026) and Budd‐Chiari syndrome (P = 0.004). In multivariate analysis, the use of immunosuppressive agents was found to prevent relapse of venous thrombosis (hazard ratio 0.27 [95% confidence interval 0.14–0.52], P = 0.00021), and there was a trend toward prevention of relapse with the use of glucocorticoids (hazard ratio 0.62 [95% confidence interval 0.40–0.97], P = 0.058).ConclusionImmunosuppressive agents significantly reduce venous thrombosis relapse in BD.
Synthesis and characterization of a stable dispersion of multifunctional Gd2O3:Er,Yb in polyvinyl alcohol
Authors: Kaur Gagandeep , Rai S. B. 
Published: February 2012

ABSTRACTA stable dispersion of multifunctional Gd2O3:Er,Yb phosphor in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was synthesized by varying the concentration of Yb3+ ions. It had a strong ultraviolet–visible‐near infrared (UV–vis) upconversion emission and applications in temperature and magnetic field sensors (e.g., nano‐heaters), as well as potential use in bioleveling and bioimaging. Stability of the dispersion was found to strongly depend on the mixing process of the powder in the polymer solution. Spherical shaped nanoparticles in cubic phase of ~ 43 nm diameter were synthesized and characterized by X‐ray diffraction; results were confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Fourier transform infrared sspectroscopy (FT‐IR) and thermal analysis supported the presence of PVA. NIR pumping produced strong UC emission bands in the red and green regions extending up to very high UV (240 nm). This method provides an alternative for synthesizing a highly UC‐efficient non‐agglomerated pure transparent dispersion from various efficient phosphors for biological applications. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Switching control of an essential gene for reprogramming of cellular phenotypes in Escherichia coli
Authors: Min Byung Eun , Seo Sang Woo , Jung Gyoo Yeol 
Published: February 2012

AbstractBiological systems designs require various dynamic controllers capable of modulating cellular phenotypes to adapt to changing environments. Cellular phenotypes are simultaneously affected by combinations of multiple genes that are controlled by global regulators. However, it is difficult to intentionally control the expression of these global regulators dynamically because they are essential for cell survival and are involved in regulatory networks clustered in operons. Here, we designed a platform that allows dynamic modulation of the expression of an essential gene. Using this system, comprising of on/off switches that respond to an extracellular stimulus, we successfully demonstrated the switching control of the expression of fusA encoding elongation factor G (EF‐G). An additional control module in this system that responds to changed external signals was shown to provide the capacity to “switch gears” and reprogram cellular phenotypes with desired timing. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2012; 109:1875–1880. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Physiological evaluation of a new Chlorella sorokiniana isolate for its biomass production and lipid accumulation in photoautotrophic and heterotrophic cultures
Authors: Wan Min‐Xi , Wang Run‐Min , Xia Jin‐Lan , Rosenberg Julian N. , Nie Zhen‐Yuan , Kobayashi Naoko , Oyler George A. , Betenbaugh Michael J. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractA novel green unicellular microalgal isolate from the freshwater of the Inner Mongolia Province of China and named as CCTCC M209220, grows between pH 6 and 11 and temperatures of 20–35°C with optimal conditions at pH 9 and 30°C. Morphological features and the phylogenetic analysis for the 18S rRNA gene reveal that the isolate is a Chlorella sorokiniana strain. A nitrogen source test reveals that this strain can grow well with nitrate and urea, but not ammonium. The strain can grow heterotrophically with glucose as the carbon source and accumulates lipid content as high as 56% (w/w) dry weight after 7 days in high glucose concentrations compared to 19% lipids achieved in 30 days of photoautotrophic culture. The relative neutral lipid content as a fraction of the total lipid is also much higher in heterotrophic culture as compared to photoautotrophic culture. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2012; 109:1958–1964. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Regional variation in the incidence of abdominal aortic aneurysm in Sweden
Authors: Hultgren R , Forsberg J , Alfredsson L , Swedenborg J , Leander K 
Published: February 2012

Abstract

Background
The risk factor profile is similar between patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and coronary heart disease (CHD). CHD is more common in the north of Sweden. It is unknown whether similar regional differences in the incidence of AAA exist. The aims of this study were to investigate whether there is a regional gradient of AAA incidence, and to compare time trends and the frequency of interventions between regions.

Methods
Swedish citizens have a 12-digit personal identification number. The Swedish Hospital Discharge Register covers inpatient care (diagnosis, admission, procedure codes, sex, date of birth, county). Population size was obtained from the central statistical bureau. Regions were south, mid and north.

Results
All records for 1990–2005 were extracted and 35 418 individuals with AAA were identified (74·8 per cent men). The highest age-standardized incidence (102·7 per 100 000) was found in men in the north region. The age-adjusted incidence ratio for men in the north region compared with the south was 1·38 (95 per cent confidence interval 1·34 to 1·42). Similar differences were found in women: incidence ratio for north compared with south region 1·39 (1·07 to 1·81). The proportion treated was larger in men and varied by region: 46·9 per cent of men in the mid region compared with 43·7 per cent in the south received treatment (P &lt; 0·001), whereas 29·8 per cent of women in the north region versus 25·4 per cent in the south had an intervention (P = 0·001). The incidence did not increase over time.

Conclusion
The higher incidence of AAA in the north of Sweden corresponds well with reported CHD patterns. The incidence of AAA in the population did not increase significantly over time, in contrast to the increasing intervention rates.
Efficient rendering of animated characters through optimized per‐joint impostors
Authors: Beacco A. , Andujar C. , Pelechano N. , Spanlang B. 
Published: February 2012

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we present a new impostor‐based representation for 3D animated characters supporting real‐time rendering of thousands of agents. We maximize rendering performance by using a collection of pre‐computed impostors sampled from a discrete set of view directions. Our approach differs from previous work on view‐dependent impostors in that we use per‐joint rather than per‐character impostors. Our characters are animated by applying the joint rotations directly to the impostors, instead of choosing a single impostor for the whole character from a set of pre‐defined poses. This offers more flexibility in terms of animation clips, as our representation supports any arbitrary pose, and thus, the agent behavior is not constrained to a small collection of pre‐defined clips. Because our impostors are intended to be valid for any pose, a key issue is to define a proper boundary for each impostor to minimize image artifacts while animating the agents. We pose this problem as a variational optimization problem and provide an efficient algorithm for computing a discrete solution as a pre‐process. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time a crowd rendering algorithm encompassing image‐based performance, small graphics processing unit footprint, and animation independence is proposed. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Interpretation concerns regarding white light
Authors: Whitehead Lorne 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe article “White Light” by Mark Rea and Jean Paul Freyssinier is summarized and discussed. The measurement procedure is very promising, and could lead to a variety of significant measurements. However, some of the interpretations presented are problematic. The measurements were based on loci of equal correlated colour temperature, which have neither precise nor consistent physiological or perceptual interpretations, and the resultant conclusions are therefore not uniquely meaningful. Nevertheless, the measurement technique could easily be adapted to slightly different methodologies that could be very powerful, and such replication is highly recommended. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 2013
FEM modeling of SAR distribution and temperature increase in human brain from RF exposure
Authors: Yasin Citkaya A. , Selim Seker S. 
Published: February 2012

SUMMARYThe assessment of radiofrequency exposure level and the exposure setup are critical, because if the exposure levels (related to frequency, power, position, and other variables) are not known, the biological results are not meaningful. In this regard, this study aims to design, implement, and analyze numerical setups for the simulations of radiofrequency exposure related specific absorption rate and temperature increase in the human brain and head. For this purpose, specific models for human head and telephone antenna are chosen, and the FEM is selected for solving PDEs related to electromagnetic wave equations and bioheat equation. After the verification of the methodology chosen by achieving comparable results with the literature, the scope of the study is then turned to the effects of different parameters on the exposure levels. In the end, comprehensive information can be obtained from the simulation results so that risk management policies for electromagnetic radiation can be reevaluated to minimize the possible health hazards. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Benign non‐infectious causes of lymphadenopathy: A review of cytomorphology and differential diagnosis
Authors: Monaco Sara E. , Khalbuss Walid E. , Pantanowitz Liron 
Published: February 2012

AbstractFine‐needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy is a quick, cost‐effective, and safe diagnostic modality that provides answers to guide treatment and management in patients with lymphadenopathy. In adults and children, there are a range of non‐neoplastic, non‐infectious etiologies for lymphadenopathy. These include reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (RLH), dermatopathic lymphadenitis (DLN), Rosai‐Dorfman disease, Castleman disease, Kimura disease, Kikuchi‐Fujimoto disease, and lymphadenopathy associated with autoimmune and metabolic/storage disease. Other benign nodal entities that may be encountered include lymph node infarction, foreign body reactions, drug reactions, extramedullary hematopoeisis, and benign inclusions. This article reviews the practical role of FNA in the evaluation of these benign, non‐infectious causes of lymphadenopathy and focuses on their cytomorphology and differential diagnosis. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2012; © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Familial mesothelioma in first degree relatives
Authors: Kalogeraki Alexandra M. , Tamiolakis Dimitrios J. , Lagoudaki Eleni D. , Papadakis Michael N. , Papadakis George Z. , Agelaki Sofia I. , Stathopoulos Efstathios N. , Tzardi Maria N. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractOccupational asbestos exposure is believed to be the primary etiologic link to mesothelioma. However, in the evaluation of familial mesothelioma, it is important to consider the possibility of household exposure to asbestos. In this study, we report a family in which the father with prolonged occupational asbestos exposure developed malignant pleural mesothelioma and his daughter 14 years later mesothelioma in situ with focally early invasion. Several reports of familial aggregations of mesothelioma strongly support that genetic factors in collaboration with environmental exposure may contribute etiologically to an as yet unknown fraction of occurrence of this disease. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
American society of cytopathology workload recommendations for automated pap test screening: Developed by the productivity and quality assurance in the era of automated screening task force
Authors: Elsheikh Tarik M. , Austin R. Marshall , Chhieng David F. , Miller Fern S. , Moriarty Ann T. , Renshaw Andrew A. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractBased on current literature and the best available research to date, the current FDA workload limits for automated image‐assisted screening, including the ThinPrep Imaging System and the FocalPoint GS, of 100 slides/day (imaged only slides counted as 0.5) are extremely high and may be associated with significant reduction in sensitivity. This task force has proposed six recommendations relating to cytotechnologist (CT) workload in automated image‐guided Pap test screening, which have already been endorsed by major pathology professional societies. These evidence‐based recommendations, however, pertain only to gynecologic specimens with image‐assisted screening, as there is no current available data to justify modifying screening practices regarding non‐gynecologic specimens. The proposed recommendations are as follow: 1) CT workday should not include more than 7 hours of Pap test screening in a 24‐hr period, and an 8‐hr shift day must include at least 2 paid mini‐breaks of 15 minutes each and a 30‐minute lunch break. 2) Future Studies examining CT workload should use actual hours of screening rather than lesser number of hours extrapolated to 8‐hour days. 3) Average laboratory CT workload should NOT exceed 70 slides/day (slides counted per 2010 FDA bulletin). 4) Proportion of imaged slides that undergo full manual review should be at least either 15%, or twice (2×) the epithelial cell abnormality (ECA) rate, whichever is greater. 5) ECA‐adjusted workload measure is a promising method for calculating and monitoring CT workload, but further studies of this method are necessary before full endorsement. 6) CT productivity and workload limits are just one aspect of a good quality assurance program in a cytology laboratory, so other quality indicators to assess CT performance are essential. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Overlapping expression patterns and redundant roles for AP‐2 transcription factors in the developing mammalian retina
Authors: Bassett Erin A. , Korol Anna , Deschamps Paula A. , Buettner Reinhard , Wallace Valerie A. , Williams Trevor , West‐Mays Judith A. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractBackground: We have previously shown that the transcription factor AP‐2α (Tcfap2a) is expressed in postmitotic developing amacrine cells in the mouse retina. Although retina‐specific deletion of Tcfap2a did not affect retinogenesis, two other family members, AP‐2β and AP‐2γ, showed expression patterns similar to AP‐2α. Results: Here we show that, in addition to their highly overlapping expression patterns in amacrine cells, AP‐2α and AP‐2β are also co‐expressed in developing horizontal cells. AP‐2γ expression is restricted to amacrine cells, in a subset that is partially distinct from the AP‐2α/β‐immunopositive population. To address possible redundant roles for AP‐2α and AP‐2β during retinogenesis, Tcfap2a/b‐deficient retinas were examined. These double mutants showed a striking loss of horizontal cells and an altered staining pattern in amacrine cells that were not detected upon deletion of either family member alone. Conclusions: These studies have uncovered critical roles for AP‐2 activity in retinogenesis, delineating the overlapping expression patterns of Tcfap2a, Tcfap2b, and Tcfap2c in the neural retina, and revealing a redundant requirement for Tcfap2a and Tcfap2b in horizontal and amacrine cell development. Developmental Dynamics 241:814–829, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Single‐Phase NaDyF4:Tb3+ Nanocrystals as Multifunctional Contrast Agents in High‐Field Magnetic Resonance and Optical Imaging
Authors: Zhang Yan , Vijayaragavan Vimalan , Das Gautom K. , Bhakoo Kishore K. , Tan Timothy Thatt Yang 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe current work reports single‐phase, terbium‐doped sodium dysprosium fluoride (NaDyF4:Tb3+) nanocrystals with green luminescence and good T2 contrast in 7.0‐T MRI phantom and animal imaging. The current nanocrystals demonstrate good potential as a dual modal contrast agent for high‐field magnetic resonance (MR) and fluorescence imaging.
Syntheses and Crystal Structures of [H3O]+/M2+ (M = Fe, Zn, Cu, Hg) Salts with [AsF6]–
Authors: Mazej Zoran , Goreshnik Evgeny , Jagličić Zvonko 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe H3OM[AsF6]3 (M = Fe, Zn), H3OMF[AsF6]2 (M = Fe, Cu) and (H3O)2Hg2F[AsF6]5 compounds were prepared by treatment of the corresponding divalent oxide MO (M = Zn, Cu, Hg) with AsF5 in anhydrous HF (aHF) or by reaction between H3OAsF6, FeF2 and AsF5 in aHF. The H3OM[AsF6]3 (M = Fe, Zn) compounds crystallize isotypically to previously known compounds where M is Mn, Co and Ni. The H3OMF[AsF6]2 (M = Fe, Cu) crystal structures consist of one‐dimensional infinite zig‐zag [–M–F–M–] chains. Each M2+ is additionally bridged by two pairs of [AsF6] units with neighbouring M2+ atoms forming columns along the y axis. [H3O]+ cations are placed between the columns. In H3OCuF[AsF6]2 each of the Cu atoms is coordinated by six fluorine atoms {2 × 1.850(2) Å within the [–Cu–F–Cu–] chains and four Cu–F(As) bonds with 2 × 2.067(4) Å and 2 × 2.254(5) Å}. There is a pronounced antiferromagnetic coupling (J/kB = –150 K) within the [–Cu–F–Cu–] chains. In H3OFeF[AsF6]2 the corresponding values are 2 × 1.919(2) Å, 2 × 2.184(3) Å and 2 × 2.208(4) Å. (H3O)2Hg2F[AsF6]5 crystallizes isotypically to previously known (H3O)2Cd2F[SbF6]5. No oxonium–M2+–[AsF6]– salts were observed when M was Ti, V, Cr, Nb, Pd, Ag, Cd, Sn and Pb.
Enantioselective Construction of Spiro[2H‐pyran‐3,4′‐indoline] by a Systematic Michael/Reduction/Cyclization Sequence Triggered by the Asymmetric Conjugate Addition of Ketones to Isatylidenemalononitriles
Authors: Zhao Hua , Lan Yu‐Bao , Liu Zhao‐Min , Wang Yong , Wang Xing‐Wang , Tao Jing‐Chao 
Published: February 2012

AbstractHeterocyclic spirooxindoles that bear a multisubstitutedheterocyclic motif and quaternary stereocenter at the 3‐position are prevalent in a large number of spirooxindole alkaloids, which are pharmaceutically relevant compounds with remarkable biological activities. In this paper, we report an efficient method for the construction of enantiomerically enriched spiro[2H‐pyran‐3,4′‐indoline] derivatives by a systematic Michael/reduction/cyclization sequence. The initial Michael addition of isatylidenemalononitriles with ketones was catalyzed by a cinchona‐based chiral primary amine and L‐camphorsulfonic acid and furnished multifunctional, optically active Michael adducts in high yields (81–99 %) with excellent enantioselectivities (95 to >99 % ee). Subsequently, the Michael adducts were converted into spiro[2H‐pyran‐3,4′‐indoline] derivatives in 52–93 % yields with 1.5:1 to 20:1 diastereomeric ratio and 90–99 % ee by utilizing NaBH4 as a cascade reduction/cyclization reagent.
From Planning to Optimization: Total Synthesis of Valerenic Acid and Some Bioactive Derivatives
Authors: Ramharter Juergen , Mulzer Johann 
Published: February 2012

AbstractA detailed study of the total synthesis of valerenic acid, a well known GABAA receptor subtype modulator, is described. Both successful as well as unsuccessful attempts towards the synthesis of the title compound are presented, including four different strategies to synthesize one of the key intermediates. The first two strategies are based on epoxides provided from the chiral pool, whereas the last two approaches rest on stereocontrolled modifications of 2‐cyclopentenone. The streamlined synthesis implements a new one‐pot reaction, which combines the addition of a Grignard species with an acid‐catalyzed isomerization of the intermediate allylic alcohol. Further highlights are a stereo‐ and regioselective hydroxy‐directed Diels–Alder reaction, a hydroxy‐directed hydrogenation, and a final Negishi coupling reaction. After optimization of our synthesis, the preparation of several easily available derivatives is also discussed. Amides obtained by functionalization of the carboxyl group are more than twice as active as valerenic acid.
Assessing the predictive performance of risk-based water quality criteria using decision error estimates from receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis
Authors: McLaughlin Douglas B. 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
Field data relating aquatic ecosystem responses with water quality constituents that are potential ecosystem stressors are being used increasingly in the United States in the derivation of water quality criteria to protect aquatic life. In light of this trend, there is a need for transparent quantitative methods to assess the performance of models that predict ecological conditions using a stressor–response relationship, a response variable threshold, and a stressor variable criterion. Analysis of receiver operating characteristics (ROC analysis) has a considerable history of successful use in medical diagnostic, industrial, and other fields for similarly structured decision problems, but its use for informing water quality management decisions involving risk-based environmental criteria is less common. In this article, ROC analysis is used to evaluate predictions of ecological response variable status for 3 water quality stressor–response data sets. Information on error rates is emphasized due in part to their common use in environmental studies to describe uncertainty. One data set is comprised of simulated data, and 2 involve field measurements described previously in the literature. These data sets are also analyzed using linear regression and conditional probability analysis for comparison. Results indicate that of the methods studied, ROC analysis provides the most comprehensive characterization of prediction error rates including false positive, false negative, positive predictive, and negative predictive errors. This information may be used along with other data analysis procedures to set quality objectives for and assess the predictive performance of risk-based criteria to support water quality management decisions. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2012; 8: 674–684. © 2012 SETAC