bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perfusion cell seeding on large porous PLA/calcium phosphate composite scaffolds in a perfusion bioreactor system under varying perfusion parameters
Authors: Koch M. A. , Vrij E. J. , Engel E. , Planell J. A. , Lacroix D. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA promising approach to bone tissue engineering lies in the use of perfusion bioreactors where cells are seeded and cultured on scaffolds under conditions of enhanced nutrient supply and removal of metabolic products. Fluid flow alterations can stimulate cell activity, making the engineering of tissue more efficient. Most bioreactor systems are used to culture cells on thin scaffold discs. In clinical use, however, bone substitutes of large dimensions are needed. In this study, MG63 osteoblast‐like cells were seeded on large porous PLA/glass scaffolds with a custom developed perfusion bioreactor system. Cells were seeded by oscillating perfusion of cell suspension through the scaffolds. Applicable perfusion parameters for successful cell seeding were determined by varying fluid flow velocity and perfusion cycle number. After perfusion, cell seeding, the cell distribution, and cell seeding efficiency were determined. A fluid flow velocity of 5 mm/s had to be exceeded to achieve a uniform cell distribution throughout the scaffold interior. Cell seeding efficiencies of up to 50% were achieved. Results suggested that perfusion cycle number influenced cell seeding efficiency rather than fluid flow velocities. The cell seeding conducted is a promising basis for further long term cell culture studies in large porous scaffolds. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2010.
Effects of laser photherapy on bone defects grafted with mineral trioxide aggregate, bone morphogenetic proteins, and guided bone regeneration: A Raman spectroscopic study
Authors: Pinheiro Antonio L. B. , Aciole Gilberth T. S. , Cangussú Maria Cristina T. , Pacheco Marcos T. T. , Silveira Landulfo 
Published: September 2010

AbstractWe have used Raman analysis to assess bone healing on different models. Benefits on the isolated or combined use of mineral trioxide aggregate, bone morphogenetic proteins, guided bone regeneration and laser on bone repair have been reported, but not their combination. We studied peaks of hydroxyapatite and CH groups on defects grafted with MTA, treated or not with laser, BMPs, and GBR. Ninety rats were divided in 10 groups each, subdivided into three subgroups. Laser (λ850 nm) was applied at every other day for 2 weeks. Raman readings were taken at the surface of the defect. Statistical analysis (CHA) showed significant differences between all groups (p = 0.001) and between Group II and all other (p < 0.001), but not with Group X (p = 0.09). At day 21 differences were seen between all groups (p = 0.031) and between Groups VIII and X when compared with Groups VI (p = 0.03), V (p < 0.001), IV (p < 0.001), and IX (p = 0.04). At the end of the experimental period no significant differences were seen. On regards CH, significant differences were seen at the 15th day (p = 0.002) and between Group II and all other groups (p < 0.0001) but not with control. Advanced maturation on irradiated bone is because of increased secretion of calcium hydroxyapatite (CHA) that is indicative of greater calcification and resistance of the bone. We conclude that the association of the MTA with laser phototherapy (LPT) and/or not with GBR resulted in a better bone repair. The use of the MTA associated to IR LPT resulted in a more advanced and quality bone repair. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2010.
Evolution of the radiographic appearance of the metaphyses over the first year of life in type V osteogenesis imperfecta: Clues to pathogenesis
Authors: Arundel Paul , Offiah Amaka , Bishop Nicholas J 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
We present the first report of the development of characteristic radiologic appearances of long bones during the first year of life in an infant with type V osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). We show the evolution of metaphyseal abnormalities from a rickets-like appearance to the classically described dense metaphyseal bands. These abnormalities suggest that the underlying defect in type V OI may involve a molecule common to both bone and cartilage that is involved in the regulation of growth plate development and metadiaphyseal ossification. Our findings provide new insights into skeletal development in type V OI and potentially yield useful clues to the identity of the defect underpinning the condition. © 2011 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Therapeutic plasma exchange a potential strategy for patients with advanced heart failure
Authors: Torre‐Amione Guillermo , Orrego Carlos M. , Khalil Nashwa , Kottner‐Assad Christian , Leveque Christopher , Celis Rene , Youker Keith A. , Estep Jerry D. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBackground: Previous reports had emphasized the importance of humoral immunity in heart failure in humans, primarily determined by the presence of circulating antibodies. However, there is little or no information about the frequency of anticardiac antibodies present in failing human myocardium. Methods: Clinical data and myocardial tissue samples were analyzed to determine the role of humoral immunity in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) in different settings. Results: Anticardiac antibodies were found present in failing hearts but not in normal control hearts. Further, the level of expression of these anticardiac antibodies changed with the severity of the disease state; and in patients with acute heart failure, we found selective activation of B cells. Finally, treatment of CHF patients with therapeutic plasma exchange, a strategy that removes circulating antibodies, resulted in a reduction in anticardiac antibody deposition and improvements in cardiac function. Conclusion: These data collectively suggest a role of humoral immunity in the progression of heart failure. J. Clin. Apheresis, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Screening and identification of differentially expressed genes in goose hepatocytes exposed to free fatty acid
Authors: Pan Zhixiong , Wang Jiwen , Kang Bo , Lu Lizhi , Han Chunchun , Tang Hui , Li Liang , Xu Feng , Zhou Zehui , LV Jia 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe overaccumulation of triglycerides in hepatocytes induces hepatic steatosis; however, little is known about the mechanism of goose hepatic steatosis. The aim of this study was to define an experimental model of hepatocellular steatosis with TG overaccumulation and minimal cytotoxicity, using a mixture of various proportions of oleate and palmitate free fatty acids (FFAs) to induce fat‐overloading, then using suppressive subtractive hybridization and a quantitative PCR approach to identify genes with higher or lower expression levels after the treatment of cells with FFA mixtures. Overall, 502 differentially expressed clones, representing 21 novel genes and 87 known genes, were detected by SSH. Based on functional clustering, up‐ and down‐regulated genes were mostly related to carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, enzyme activity and signal transduction. The expression of 20 selected clones involved with carbohydrate and lipid metabolism pathways was further studied by quantitative PCR. The data indicated that six clones similar to the genes ChREBP, FoxO1, apoB, IHPK2, KIF1B, and FSP27, which participate in de novo synthesis of fatty acid and secretion of very low density lipoproteins, had significantly lower expression levels in the hepatocytes treated with FFA mixtures. Meanwhile, 13 clones similar to the genes DGAT‐1, ACSL1, DHRS7, PPARα, L‐FABP, DGAT‐2, PCK, ACSL3, CPT‐1, A‐FABP, PPARβ, MAT, and ALDOB had significantly higher expression levels in the hepatocytes treated with FFA mixtures. These results suggest that several metabolic pathways are altered in goose hepatocytes, which may be useful for further research into the molecular mechanism of goose hepatic steatosis. J. Cell. Biochem. 111: 1482–1492, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Insulin stimulates gene expression of ferritin light chain in osteoblast cells
Authors: Han Su Hee , Odathurai Saminathan Sethuraman , Kim Sung‐Jin 
Published: September 2010

AbstractWe explored to identify differentially expressed gene(s) by insulin in osteoblast‐like UMR‐106 cells by employing annealing control primer (ACP)‐based GeneFishing PCR. UMR‐106 cells were treated with insulin and total RNA was isolated. The GeneFishing differential display (DD) PCR was carried out and the profiles of expressed genes were compared between control and insulin treated group, and followed by cloning, sequencing and screened by a BLAST search. It has been found that expression of a PCR product was significantly increased by insulin: It was identified as ferritin light chain. It was further confirmed by reverse transcriptase‐PCR (RT‐PCR) analysis that insulin significantly stimulates the mRNA expression of ferritin light chain. In a Western blot analysis, insulin also increased the protein expression of ferritin light chain. When ERK inhibitor or Casein Kinase II inhibitor (DRB) was pretreated, the stimulation of ferritin light chain expression by insulin was significantly inhibited, suggesting that ERK I/II or Casein Kinase II may play a role in the insulin stimulated increase of ferritin light chain. These results suggest that insulin may play an important role in Fe metabolism in osteoblast cells. J. Cell. Biochem. 111: 1493–1500, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Osteoclastogenic activity and RANKL expression are inhibited in osteoblastic cells expressing constitutively active Gα12 or constitutively active RhoA
Authors: Wang Jun , Stern Paula H. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractGα12–RhoA signaling is a parathyroid hormone (PTH)‐stimulated pathway that mediates effects in bone and may influence genetic susceptibility to osteoporosis. To further elucidate effects of the pathway in osteoblasts, UMR‐106 osteoblastic cells were stably transfected with constitutively active (ca) Gα12 or caRhoA or dominant negative (dn) RhoA and co‐cultured with RAW 264.7 cells to determine effects on hormone‐stimulated osteoclastogenesis. Whereas PTH and calcitriol‐stimulated osteoclastogenesis in co‐cultures with UMR‐106 cells expressing pcDNA or dominant negative RhoA, the osteoclastogenic effects of PTH and calcitriol were significantly attenuated when the UMR‐106 cells expressed either caRhoA or caGα12. These inhibitory effects were partially reversed by the Rho kinase inhibitor Y27632. None of the constructs affected osteoclastogenesis in untreated co‐cultures, and the constructs did not inhibit the osteoclastogenic responses to receptor activator of NFκB ligand (RANKL). To investigate the mechanism of the inhibitory effects of caGα12 and caRhoA, expression of RANKL, osteoprotegerin (OPG), osteopontin (OPN), and intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM) in response to PTH or calcitriol was examined in the UMR‐106 cells. In the cells expressing pcDNA or dnRhoA, PTH and calcitriol increased RANKL mRNA and decreased OPG mRNA, whereas these effects were absent in the cells expressing caGα12 or caRhoA. Basal expression of RANKL and OPG was unaffected by the constructs. The results suggest that Gα12–RhoA signaling can inhibit hormone‐stimulated osteoclastogenesis by effects on expression of RANKL and OPG. Since PTH can stimulate the Gα12–RhoA pathway, the current findings could represent a homeostatic mechanism for regulating osteoclastogenic action. J. Cell. Biochem. 111: 1531–1536, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Elucidation of molecular mechanisms underlying the protective effects of thymoquinone against rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Vaillancourt France , Silva Patrick , Shi Qin , Fahmi Hassan , Fernandes Julio C. , Benderdour Mohamed 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThymoquinone (TQ) is the major active compound derived from the medicinal Nigella sativa. A few studies have shown that TQ exhibits anti‐inflammatory activities in experimental models of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) through mechanisms that are not fully understood. The aim of this work was to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo effects of TQ and to investigate its influence on the major signalling pathways involved in pathophysiological RA changes. We used isolated human RA fibroblast‐like synoviocytes (FLS) and a rat adjuvant‐induced arthritis model of RA. In isolated RA FLS, TQ (0–10 µM) was not cytotoxic and inhibited slightly lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced FLS proliferation and strongly H2O2‐induced 4‐hydroxynonenal (HNE) generation. By studying different inflammatory and catabolic factors, we determined that TQ significantly abolished LPS‐induced interleukin‐1beta (IL‐1β), tumour necrosis factor‐alpha (TNFα), metalloproteinase‐13, cyclooxygenase‐2, and prostaglandin E2. Furthermore, LPS‐induced the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase, extracellular‐regulated kinases ½, and nuclear factor‐kappaB‐p65 were also blocked by TQ in time‐dependent manner. In our experimental RA model, the oral administration of TQ 5 mg/kg/day significantly reduced the serum levels of HNE, IL‐1β and TNFα as well as bone turnover markers, such as alkaline phosphatase and tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase. The protective effects of TQ against RA were also evident from the decrease in arthritis scoring and bone resorption. In conclusion, the fact that TQ abolishes a number of factors known to be involved in RA pathogenesis renders it a clinically valuable agent in the prevention of articular diseases, including RA. J. Cell. Biochem. 112: 107–117, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Estimating sampling uncertainty in fixed‐depth and fixed‐isotherm estimates of ocean warming
Authors: Palmer Matthew D. , Brohan Philip 
Published: September 2010

AbstractWe present a simple, generic method for parameterising the sampling and measurement uncertainty for time series data that is based on the number of observations that constitutes each data point. The method is demonstrated using basin‐averaged monthly time series of (1) the mean temperature above 220 m depth (T220m); (2) the mean temperature above the 14 °C isotherm (T14C) and (3) the depth of the 14 °C isotherm (D14C). The T220m and T14C analyses are in some sense ‘equivalent’, since the spatial‐time‐mean depth of the 14 °C isotherm is approximately 220 m. In agreement with oceanographic theory, we find that the T14C time series has a consistently lower associated sampling uncertainty than T220m for all ocean basins considered in this study. We also note that the sampling uncertainty for all quantities for a given number of observations is dependent on ocean basin. Our results suggest that with the current observing array we are able to monitor global monthly values of T220m, T14C and D14C with a measurement and sampling uncertainty of approximately ± 0.07 °C, ± 0.04 °C and ± 2.4 m, respectively. However, these estimated uncertainties will become much larger on moving to regional or smaller scales. © Crown Copyright 2010. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Urban‐scale CFD analysis in support of a climate‐sensitive design for the Tokyo Bay area
Authors: Ashie Yasunobu , Kono Takaaki 
Published: September 2010

AbstractRecently, countermeasures against the urban heat island effect have become increasingly important in Tokyo. Such countermeasures include reduction of anthropogenic heat release and enhancement of urban ventilation. Evaluations of urban ventilation require construction of a high‐resolution computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model, which takes into account complex urban morphology. The morphological complexity arises from multi‐scale geometry consisting of buildings, forests, and rivers, which is superimposed on varying topography. Given this background, airflow and temperature fields over the 23 wards of Tokyo were simulated with a CFD technique using a total of approximately 5 billion computational grid cells with a horizontal grid spacing of 5 m. The root mean square (RMS) error of the air temperature between the simulation and observation results at 127 points was 1.1 °C. Using the developed model, an urban redevelopment plan for two districts in metropolitan Tokyo was examined from the viewpoint of air temperature mitigation. Numerical results showed that a reduction by 1 ha in the area covered by buildings increases the area with temperatures below 30 °C by 12 ha. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society
Stability in solution and reactivity with soils and soil components of iron and zinc complexes
Authors: Lucena Juan J. , Gárate Agustín , Villén María 
Published: September 2010

AbstractNaturally derived complexes with the ability to complex (unidentate) or chelate (polydentate) metals are a cheaper alternative to synthetic chelates to correct micronutrient deficiencies, but despite their widespread use there is a lack of knowledge on their agronomic performance. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the stability of iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) lignosulfonate, gluconate, amino acid, and humate complexes in solution over time and at different pH values. Also, their stability in a concentrated nutrient solution and their reactivity with soils and soil components was evaluated. In our experimental conditions, all the complexes (except Fe amino acid) remained stable in solution for an extended period of time. All Zn complexes and the Fe lignosulfonate were stable in solution up to pH 7.0–7.5, while Fe gluconate only maintained 20%–40% of the iron in solution in the pH range 5–11 and Fe amino acid and humate complexes barely maintained small concentrations of Fe in solution above pH 3. Most of the complexes maintained Fe and Zn in concentrated nutrient solutions for irrigation systems, but Fe amino acid only maintained around 70% of the iron added. In general, the interactions of complexes with soils and soil components produced a high retention. The interaction of Fe lignosulfonate with peat, illite, and ferrihydrite, and Fe gluconate with peat and illite resulted in significant amounts of Fe to remain in solution, while for the Fe amino acid and humate the Fe remaining in solution was low. All Zn complexes were highly retained in an acidic peat, illite, and montmorillonite clays and soils, while no retention was observed on ferrihydrite. In conclusion, the stability of complexes in different conditions is related to the percentage of complexed element in the products. While complexes can be used to maintain micronutrients in solution in aqueous media (foliar and fertigation), their application to soil should be considered as a measure to increase metal availabilities but not their solubility.
Resistance of Medicago truncatula to salt stress is related to glutamine synthetase activity and sodium sequestration
Authors: Aydi Samir , Sassi Sameh , Debouba Mohamed , Hessini Kamel , Larrainzar Estíbaliz , Gouia Houda , Abdelly Chedly 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe response to salinity may largely vary not only among species but even cultivars or lines of the same species. Knowledge of the reasons underlying these differential responses can be critical in breeding programs to obtain lines with enhanced performance under salinity. In this work, the responses to salt stress of three Medicago truncatula lines with contrasting salt resistance, TN6.18 (sensitive), Jemalong (reference line), and TN8.20 (resistant), have been assessed by analyzing a full array of nodule parameters (water relations, carbohydrates, ion concentrations, and enzyme activities). The aim of this work was to look for the most important criteria conferring resistance to the M. truncatula‐Sinorhizobium symbiosis under salinity. The resistance of M. truncatula to salt stress was related to nodule osmotic adjustment due to both sequestration of sodium and accumulation of soluble carbohydrates and free amino acids following protein degradation, together with an adequate nitrogen metabolism due to maintaining relatively high glutamine synthetase activity (GS) and stimulation of NADH‐dependent glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH). Glutamine synthetase activity differed clearly between the three studied lines. Thus, it may have a key role in the resistance of Medicago truncatula to salt stress.
The use of allograft shell with intramedullary vascularized fibula graft for intercalary reconstruction after diaphyseal resection for lower extremity bony malignancy
Authors: Li Jing , Wang Zhen , Guo Zheng , Chen Guo‐Jing , Fu Jun , Pei Guo‐Xian 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBackgroundReconstruction after excision of the femur and tibia malignancy is a challenging issue for the reconstructive surgeon. The combined use of a vascularized fibular flap and allograft can provide a reliable reconstructive option. This article describes the authors' experience with this technique for the treatment of large‐segmental bone defects after intercalary resection of lower extremity malignancy.MethodsFrom 2003 to 2008, 11 patients that had intercalary resection of lower extremity malignancy underwent reconstruction with an allograft and vascularized fibular construct. Time to union was recorded through evaluation of plain radiographs. Patients were examined clinically and radiographically and were assessed functionally with MSTS score.ResultThe average age at time of operation was 18.5 years. The mean follow‐up time was 34.1 months. The oncology result was continuous disease free in 7 patients, no evidence of disease in 2, alive with disease in 1, and died of disease in 1. Free vascularized fibula flap was used in 7 patients and ispilateral pedicle vascularized fibula in 4. The average length of the resected segment was 12.1 cm and that of the fibula flap was 16.2 cm. The primary unions were achieved in all patients except one with tibia reconstruction. The average time for bone union was 5.4 months at fibula–host junction and 11.8 months at allograft–host junction. There were no allograft fractures and no infections. Five patients had 7 local complications. The MSTS average score was 91.8% at final follow‐up. The mean time of weight‐bearing was 12.4 months.ConclusionsIntramedullary fibular flap in combination with massive allografts provide an excellent option for reconstruction of large‐bony defects after lower extremity malignancy extirpation. The viability of the fibula is a cornerstone in success of reconstruction that prevents allograft nonunion and result in decreased time to bone healing, leading to earlier patient recovery and return of function. J. Surg. Oncol. 2010;102:368–374. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Is surgical resection justified for stage IV colorectal cancer patients having bilobar hepatic metastases?—an analysis of survival of 77 patients undergoing hepatectomy
Authors: Sakamoto Yoshihiro , Fujita Shin , Akasu Takayuki , Nara Satoshi , Esaki Minoru , Shimada Kazuaki , Yamamoto Seiichiro , Moriya Yoshihiro , Kosuge Tomoo 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBackgroundSurgical indication for stage IV colorectal cancer patients with bilobar hepatic metastases may be controversial.MethodsRetrospective cohort analysis was performed using data of 200 patients who underwent surgical resections for synchronous metastases of colorectal cancer between 1990 and 2005. Of these, 80 patients had solitary, 43 had unilobar multiple, and 77 had bilobar metastases. Prognostic factors of the 77 bilobar metastases were evaluated using multivariate analysis. The survival was compared with that of 95 patients undergoing chemotherapy for unresectable bilobar hepatic metastases.ResultsUnivariate and multivariate analyses revealed that the number of metastasis (≥6) [relative risk (RR), 2.7; P = 0.002] and depth of invasion (T4) (RR, 2.0; P = 0.04) were predictors of survival of the 77 patients. The survival of 11 T4 cancer patients with six or more metastases was poor, but significantly better than that of 95 patients with unresectable bilobar metastases (P = 0.04).ConclusionSurgical resection in stage IV colorectal cancer patients having bilobar hepatic metastases was justified in the present setting. J. Surg. Oncol. 2010;102:784–788. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.