bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Trifluoromethyl‐Substituted Salicylates by Cyclocondensation of 1,3‐Bis(silyloxy)‐1,3‐butadienes with 4,4‐Dimethylthio‐1,1,1‐trifluorobut‐3‐en‐2‐one.
Authors: Iaroshenko Viktor O. , Bunescu Alina , Domke Lutz , Spannenberg Anke , Sevenard Dmitri V. , Villinger Alexander , Sosnovskikh Vyacheslav Ya. , Langer Peter 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA convenient and short synthesis of functionalized 6‐methylthio‐4‐(trifluoromethyl)salicylates by formal [3+3] cyclocondensation of 1,3‐bis(silyl enol ethers) with 4,4‐dimethylthio‐1,1,1‐trifluorobut‐en‐one (I) is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd(II)‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative Cross‐Coupling of Oxamic Acids with Potassium Phenyltrifluoroborates under Mild Conditions.
Authors: Li Mingzong , Wang Cong , Fang Ping , Ge Haibo 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe decarboxylative cross‐coupling of oxalate (II) with (phenyl)trifluoroborate (I) leads to methyl benzoate (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed 1,4‐Addition of Organoboronates to Alkylidene Cyanoacetates: Mechanistic Insight and Application to Asymmetric Catalysis.
Authors: Takatsu Keishi , Shintani Ryo , Hayashi Tamio 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe 1,4‐addition of organoboronates (II) and (VII) towards alkylidene cyanoacetates (I) and (VI) is smoothly catalyzed by a chiral Cu(I)—NHC complex to give, after decarboxylation, enantioenriched nitriles (IV) and (IX), resp., in high yields and enantioselectivities ( up to 94% e.e.).
ChemInform Abstract: First Enantioselective Iron—Porphyrin‐Catalyzed Sulfide Oxidation with Aqueous Hydrogen Peroxide.
Authors: Le Maux Paul , Simonneaux Gerard 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe asymmetric oxidation of sulfides (I) by hydrogen peroxide to give optically active sulfoxides (II) is carried out in aqueous MeOH using a chiral water‐soluble iron‐porphyrin complex.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel‐Catalyzed Three‐Component Coupling Between Aryl Aldehydes, Norbornenes, and Silanes Leading to Indanols Through Aromatic C—H Bond Activation of Aryl Aldehydes.
Authors: Ogata Kenichi , Atsuumi Yuka , Shimada Daisuke , Fukuzawa Shi‐ichi 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe coupling proceeds with high diastereoselectivity to afford silylated indanol derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of Spiro Oxindoles, Azaoxindoles, and Dihydroisoquinolone.
Authors: Labadie Sharada S. , Parmer Christa 
Published: September 2011

AbstractSimple syntheses of various spirocyclic oxindole, azaoxindole, and dihydro‐isoquinolinone containing systems are described utilizing Diels—Alder reactions for the synthesis of corresponding 1‐aryl‐4‐oxo‐cyclohexylcarboxylates precursors.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrophilic Cyclizations of 2‐Fluoroalk‐3‐yn‐1‐ones: Room‐Temperature Synthesis of Diversely 2,5‐Disubstituted 3,4‐Fluorohalofurans.
Authors: Li Yan , Wheeler Kraig A. , Dembinski Roman 
Published: September 2011

AbstractFluorination of enynol silyl ethers (I) and (III) generates title fluoroalkynones which smoothly undergo Au(I)—Zn(II)‐catalyzed 5‐endo‐dig halocyclization with NIS or NBS to afford polysubstituted fluorohalofuran derivatives (II) and (IV), resp., in good overall yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Base‐Free Electrophilic Amination of Benzofuran‐2(3H)‐ones: Catalysis by Binol‐Derived P‐Spiro Quaternary Phosphonium Salts.
Authors: Zhu Chuan‐Le , Zhang Fa‐Guang , Meng Wei , Nie Jing , Cahard Dominique , Ma Jun‐An 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe catalytic activity of the novel title catalyst (I) is demonstrated in the highly enantioselective amination of benzofuranones with diester (III).
ChemInform Abstract: The Palladium‐Catalyzed Cyanation of Indole C—H Bonds with the Combination of NH4HCO3 and DMSO as a Safe Cyanide Source.
Authors: Ren Xinyi , Chen Jianbin , Chen Fan , Cheng Jiang 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA convenient and safe method for the selective 3‐cyanation of indole derivatives is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Active Thionium Species Mediated Functionalization at the 2α‐Position of Indole Derivatives.
Authors: Higuchi Kazuhiro , Tayu Masanori , Kawasaki Tomomi 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe 2α‐functionalization of indole derivatives such as tetrahydrocarbazoles and the pyridoindole derivative (VII), a core structure of biologically active natural products, is achieved via activation through a combination of DMSO and TFAA.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of Hexahydrocarbazoles.
Authors: Labadie Sharada S. , Parmer Christa 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe title compounds are obtained via selective reduction of the nitro group in methyl 1‐(2‐nitrophenyl)‐4‐oxo‐cyclohex‐2‐enecarboxylates, obtained by a Diels—Alder approach, with Zn—AcOH.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrophilic Substitution Reaction of Indole. Part 24. Synthesis, Characterization, and Crystal Structure of a Novel Heterocyclic Compound.
Authors: Nayak Anupam , Dutta Utpal , Prange Thierry , Banerji Julie 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe reaction of indole (I) with cyclohexanone (II) in the presence of boron trifluoride etherate results in the formation of the novel spiro compound (III) together with the known compound (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Tetracyclic System of 2,4‐Di(tert‐butyl)‐6,7‐dihydrofuro[2′,3′:3,4]cyclohepta[1,2‐b]indole.
Authors: Butin Alexander V. , Kostyukova Olga N. , Tsiunchik Fatima A. , Uchuskin Maxim G. , Serdyuk Olga V. , Trushkov Igor V. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractFor the first time the title compounds (II) and (VI) are synthesized by the presented method.
ChemInform Abstract: Poly(N‐bromobenzene‐1,3‐disulfonamide) and N,N,N′,N′‐Tetrabromobenzene‐1,3‐disulfonamide as a Mild and Efficient Catalyst for Chemoselective Thioacetalization of Carbonyl Functions and Transthioacetalization Reactions.
Authors: Veisi Hojat , Ghorbani‐Vaghei Ramin , Dadamahaleh Somayeh Akbari 
Published: September 2011

AbstractFor the presented method the use of the catalyst poly(N‐bromobenzene‐1,3‐disulfonamid) is similarly effective and chemoselective just as the catalyst N,N,N′,N′‐tetrabromobenzene‐1,3‐disulfonamide.
ChemInform Abstract: S‐Arylation of Mercaptobenzimidazoles Using Cu(I) Catalysts — Experimental and Theoretical Observations.
Authors: Sekar Ramkumar , Srinivasan Marutheeswaran , Marcelis Antonius T. M. , Sambandam Anandan 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA useful protocol with low cost catalysts is developed allowing the selective S‐arylation for the preparation of biologically interesting derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Amino Acid‐Derived 2,5‐Disubstituted Oxazoles.
Authors: Paradise Christopher L. , Sarkar Pooja R. , Razzak Mina , De Brabander Jef K. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractGold‐catalyzed cyclization of amino acid‐derived propargylic amides followed by subsequent quenching with bromine provides access to a variety of bromomethyloxazoles (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Zn(OAc)2·2H2O‐Catalyzed, Simple, and Clean Procedure for the Synthesis of 2‐Substituted Benzoxazoles Using a Grindstone Method.
Authors: Reddy M. B. Madhusudana , Nizam Aatika , Pasha M. A. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA one‐pot protocol for the synthesis of the title compounds (III) (12 examples) from readily available 2‐aminophenol and various aldehydes under solventless and mild reaction conditions is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Transformation of N‐(Propargylic)hydroxylamines into 4‐Isoxazolines and Acylaziridines Promoted by Metal Salts.
Authors: Wada Norihiro , Kaneko Kentaro , Ukaji Yutaka , Inomata Katsuhiko 
Published: September 2011

AbstractAgBF4 is found to be an efficient catalyst for the cyclization of the title propargylic hydroxylamines (I) into isoxazolines (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Fungicidal Activity of 1,3‐Thiazoline Derivatives Bearing Nitrophenyl Group on the 2‐Position.
Authors: Zhao Qiuying , Li Jing , Yan Xiaojing , Yuan Huizhu , Qin Zhaohai , Fu Bin 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe title compounds (III) and (V) are screened for their fungicidal activity against eight agrocultural fungi.
ChemInform Abstract: Polycyclic N‐Heterocyclic Compounds. Part 66. Synthesis of N‐[2‐([1,2,4]Oxadiazol‐5‐yl)cyclopenten‐1‐yl]formamide Oximes and Their Evaluation as Inhibitors of Platelet Aggregation.
Authors: Okuda Kensuke , Zhang Ying‐Xue , Ohtomo Hiromi , Hirota Takashi , Sasaki Kenji 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe title compounds (IV), (VIII), and (XI) are tested for their activity as inhibitors of arachidonic acid‐induced platelet aggregation.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemoselective Fluorination of 2‐Hydroxy‐3,4,7,8‐tetrahydro‐2H‐chromen‐5(6H)‐ones Using DAST.
Authors: Bonacorso Helio G. , Porte Liliane M. F. , Navarini Jussara , Paim Gisele R. , Luz Fabio M. , Oliveira Lenon M. , Whietan Carson W. , Martins Marcos A. P. , Zanatta Nilo 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe simple procedure affords exclusively the 2‐fluoro derivatives (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Rearrangement of Aryl Alkynylaziridines to Spiro[isochroman‐4,2′‐pyrrolines].
Authors: Kern Nicolas , Blanc Aurelien , Weibel Jean‐Marc , Pale Patrick 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe novel gold‐catalyzed rearrangement of alkynylaziridines to spiro‐isochromanpyrrolines proceeds via an intramolecular Friedel—Crafts reaction followed by a cyclization of an aminoallene intermediate.
ChemInform Abstract: Ethyl 1,4‐Dihydro‐4‐oxo‐3‐quinolinecarboxylates by a Tandem Addition—Elimination—SNAr Reaction.
Authors: Bunce Richard A. , Lee Eric J. , Grant Matthew T. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractAn alternative procedure for the synthesis of the title compounds (VII) (16 examples), valuable building blocks of several drug compounds, is given.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Organocatalytic [3 + 2]‐Annulation Strategy for the Synthesis of N‐Fused Heteroaromatic Compounds.
Authors: Albrecht Lukasz , Albrecht Anna , Ransborg Lars Krogager , Joergensen Karl Anker 
Published: September 2011

AbstractHydroxyalkyl‐ or aminoalkyl‐substituted N‐fused heteroaromatic compounds are efficiently accessed.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Copper‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Poly‐N‐Heterocycles Containing Amino Acid Residues.
Authors: Liu Tao , Wang Ruji , Yang Haijun , Fu Hua 
Published: September 2011

AbstractVarious imidazoisoquinoline derivatives are synthesized by reaction of halobenzamides and various nitriles under mild conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel Pyrazolopyridine and Pyridopyrimidine Derivatives.
Authors: Soliman A. M. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA variety of new pyridine derivatives fused with pyrazole, pyrimidine, pyrrole, thiophene, diazepine and thiazepine ring are synthesized starting from 2‐amino‐6‐chloro‐3,5‐dicyanopyridine (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Bromination Reaction of Some Bis(1,3‐dioxan‐2‐yl)alkanes.
Authors: Terec Anamaria , Bogdan Elena , Cismas Crina , Grosu Ion 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe influence of the relative positions of the heterocycles on the stereoselectivity of bromination reactions of some bis(1,3‐dioxan‐2‐yl)alkanes is studied.
ChemInform Abstract: LiBr Catalyzed Solvent‐Free Ring Expansion of Epoxides to 1,4‐Oxathian‐2‐ones with α‐Mercaptocarboxylic Acids.
Authors: Singh Atul K. , Rai Ankita , Yadav Lal Dhar S. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe convenient method involves a regioselective ring‐opening/ring‐closing reaction cascade of epoxides with acids (II).
ChemInform Abstract: p‐Dodecylbenzenesulfonic Acid (DBSA), a Broensted Acid Surfactant Catalyst for Biginelli Reaction in Water and under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Bigdeli Mohammad Ali , Gholami Ghazaleh , Sheikhhosseini Enayatollah 
Published: September 2011

AbstractSlightly higher yields of dihydropyrimidinones (IV) in a shorter time are obtained under neat conditions compared to reactions in water.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Room‐Temperature One‐Pot Synthesis of 2‐Amino‐3‐alkyl(3‐aryl)‐quinazolin‐4(3H)‐ones.
Authors: Lecoutey Cedric , Fossey Christine , Rault Sylvain , Fabis Frederic 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA variety of carbamate‐protected 2‐aminoquinazolinones, e.g. (IV), (V) and (XI), is efficiently prepared by sequential addition reaction of anthranilates with ethoxycarbonylisothiocyanate (II) and subsequent amination—cyclization with various amines.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of New 1‐Phenylthieno[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3‐a]pyrimidin‐5(4H)‐one Derivatives.
Authors: Song Yang‐Heon , Son Hoon Young 
Published: September 2011

AbstractTwo series of regioisomeric thienotriazolopyrimidinone derivatives with potential biological activities, compounds (XI) and (XIV), are synthesized utilizing oxidative cyclization of corresponding thienopyrimidinonyl hydrazones as the crucial step.
ChemInform Abstract: An Intramolecular N‐Arylation Approach to 3‐Functionalized 4,9‐Dihydropyrrolo[2,1‐b]quinazolines.
Authors: Suthiwangcharoen Nisaraporn , Pochini Steven M. , Sweat Daniel P. , Stephens Chad E. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe title compounds (V) are synthesized from the precursors (IV), which are prepared by a modified procedure.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of 5,8‐Dichloro‐2,3‐dicyanoquinoxaline with Amines and Hydrazines. A New and Efficient Synthetic Approach to 3‐Amino‐5,8‐dichloroflavazoles.
Authors: Guirado Antonio , Lopez Sanchez Jose I. , Bautista Delia 
Published: September 2011

AbstractReaction of dichlorodicyanoquinoxaline (I) with excess methylamine gives novel amidine (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 3‐Substituted 8,9‐Didehydroazepino[4,5‐b]indolines via Ring Expansion Reaction of Pyrroloindolines.
Authors: Wang Fu‐Sheng , Zhang Dan , Kong Chen , Qin Yong 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe unexpected ring expansion provides a novel synthesis of azepine derivatives of type (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Symmetrical Spirophosphoroheterocycles from the Selenation of Carbohydrazides.
Authors: Hua Guoxiong , Cordes David B. , Li Yang , Slawin Alexandra M. Z. , Woollins J. Derek 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe reaction of Woolin′s reagent (II) with hydrazides results in formation of spiro compounds (III) and (V).
ChemInform Abstract: A New Route to α‐Alkyl‐α‐fluoromethylenebisphosphonates.
Authors: Beier Petr , Opekar Stanislav , Zibinsky Mikhail , Bychinskaya Inessa , Prakash G. K Surya 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBase‐mediated alkylation of commercially available α‐fluoromethylenebisphosphonate (I) provides a novel access towards title α‐alkyl‐α‐fluoromethylenebisphosphonates (III) and (VII).
ChemInform Abstract: Gram Scale Synthesis of 3‐Fluoro‐1‐hydroxyacetone Phosphate: A Novel Donor Substrate in Rabbit Muscle Aldolase‐Catalyzed Aldol Reactions.
Authors: Fischer Michael , Kaehlig Hanspeter , Schmid Walther 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA short and efficient route to title phosphate (VI) is elaborated.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of 2‐(Aminomethyl)pyridine with Selenium Dioxide: Synthesis and Structure of Selenium‐Bridged Imidazo[1,5‐a]pyridine Derivatives.
Authors: Niyomura Osamu , Yamaguchi Yoshimi , Tamura Souhei , Minoura Mao , Okamoto Yoshihisa 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe reaction behavior of aminopyridine (I) with selenium dioxide is investigated.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of New Ferrocene Bis Thiocarbazones under Solvent‐Free Conditions Using Microwave.
Authors: Li Guohua , Shi Zhichuan , Li Xiaorui , Zhao Zhigang 
Published: September 2011

AbstractUse of microwave technology in combination with solvent‐free conditions allows an expeditious and efficient procedure for the synthesis of title compounds (III) (10 examples).
ChemInform Abstract: Two New Cembranoids from the Soft Coral Lobophytum crassum.
Authors: Liao Zuo‐Jian , Su Huey‐Jen , Shyue Yu‐Ching , Wen Zhi‐Hong , Sheu Jyh‐Horng , Su Jui‐Hsin 
Published: September 2011

Abstractisolation, structure elucidation and cytotoxicity of locrassolide A (I) and B (II)
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Enantioenriched Phenols Having an Isobornyl Substituent.
Authors: Buravlev Evgeny V. , Chukicheva Irina Y. , Suponitsky Kyrill Y. , Vikharev Yurii B , Grishko Victoria V. , Kutchin Aleksandr V. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe resolution of racemic (I) via diastereomers is carried out.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical Constituents of Pedicularis densispica Franch
Authors: Chu Hong Biao , Zeng Guang Zhi , Zhu Mei Ju , He Wen Jun , Zhang Yu Mei , Tan Ning Hua 
Published: September 2011

Abstractisolation, structure and biological activities of a new lignan, densispicoside (I), and two new iridoids, densispicnin C(II) and D(III), along with fourteen known compounds
ChemInform Abstract: Yojironins A—D, Meroterpenoids and Prenylated Acylphloroglucinols from Hypericum yojiroanum.
Authors: Mamemura Takuji , Tanaka Naonobu , Shibazaki Azusa , Gonoi Tohru , Kobayashi Jun'ichi 
Published: September 2011

AbstractOnly the bioactivity of yojironin A (Ia) is investigated: antimicrobial and cytotoxic effects are observed.
ChemInform Abstract: Monoterpenoids from the Aerial Parts of Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus and Their Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities.
Authors: Jeong Su Yang , Jun Do Youn , Kim Young Ho , Min Byung‐Sun , Min Bo Kyung , Woo Mi Hee 
Published: September 2011

AbstractFive new monoterpenoids, aruncin A (I) and B (II), aruncide A—C (III)—(V), resp., and seven known compounds are isolated from the title plant.
ChemInform Abstract: Three New 9,11‐Secosterols from the Formosan Soft Coral Sinularia leptoclados.
Authors: Cheng Shi‐Yie , Chen Hwa‐Pyng , Wang Shang‐Kwei , Duh Chang‐Yih 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe isolation and structure elucidation of leptosterols A (Ia), B (Ib), and C (II) are reported.
ChemInform Abstract: A One‐Pot, Reductive Amination/6‐endo‐trig Cyclization for the Stereoselective Synthesis of 6‐Substituted‐4‐oxopipecolic Acids.
Authors: Fowler Lindsay S. , Thomas Lynne H. , Ellis David , Sutherland Andrew 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe first stereoselective synthesis of 2,6‐trans‐4‐oxopipecolic acid esters (VII) uses a tandem reduction/6‐endo‐trig cyclization process.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 5‐Aryl and 5‐Amidocamptothecins.
Authors: Meruva Suresh Babu , Raghunadh A. , Kumar N. Anil , Kumar U. K. Syam , Dev R. Vasu , Dubey P. K. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA series of hitherto not reported 5‐aryl‐ and 5‐amido‐camptothecin analogues are synthesized by Friedel—Crafts or Ritter type reactions of 5‐hydroxycamptothecin (I), respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: α‐Tocopherols from the Formosan Soft Coral Lobophytum crassum.
Authors: Cheng Shi‐Yie , Lin Shih‐Tseng , Wang Shang‐Kwei , Duh Chang‐Yih 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe two new tocopherols, crassumtocopherols A (Ia) and B (Ib), exhibit moderate cytotoxicity against P‐388 cell lines.
ChemInform Abstract: Natural Furano Naphthoquinones from Lapachol: Hydroxyiso‐β‐lapachone, Stenocarpoquinone‐B and Avicequinone‐C.
Authors: Ribeiro Carlos Magno R. , de Souza Pablo P. , Ferreira Leticia L. D. M. , Pereira Sharlene L. , Martins Ingrid da S. , de A. Epifanio Rosangela , Costa‐Lotufo Leticia V. , Jimenez Paula C. , Pessoa Claudia , de Moraes Manoel O. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractNatural furano naphthoquinones (I)—(IV) are prepared by oxidation of lapachol.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of 9,9′‐Diethyl‐2‐diphenylaminofluorene Derivatives as Blue Fluorescent Materials for OLEDs.
Authors: Oh Suhyun , Lee Kum Hee , Seo Ji Hoon , Kim Young Kwan , Yoon Seung Soo 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe compounds (I) are used as dopant for OLEDs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel GSK‐3β Inhibitors as Anticancer Agents.
Authors: Choi Min Jeong , Oh Da Won , Jang Jae Wan , Cho Yong Seo , Seo Seon Hee , Jeong Kyu Sung , Ko Soo Young , Pae Ae Nim 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe cytotoxicity of title compounds, e.g. (I) is tested against DU145 and HT29 cell lines.
ChemInform Abstract: Discovery of a Nortropanol Derivative as a Potent and Orally Active GPR119 Agonist for Type 2 Diabetes.
Authors: Kowalski Tim , et al. et al. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractReplacement of the piperidinol scaffold in a pyrimidine based lead structure leads to the discovery of nortropanol derivative (I) as a single digit nanomolar GPR119 agonist with high magnitude of agonist activity.
Stereoselective metabolism and toxicity of the herbicide fluroxypyr methylheptyl ester in rat hepatocytes
Authors: Xu Xinyuan , Jiang Jiazhen , Wang Xinru , Shen Zhigang , Li Ranhong , Zhou Zhiqiang 
Published: September 2011

AbstractWe investigated the stereoselective degradation kinetics and toxicity of fluroxypyr methylheptyl ester (FPMH) in rat hepatocytes using a chiral high‐performance liquid chromatographic method. The T1/2 of (−)‐FPMH was about two times longer than that of (+)‐FPMH after the rat hepatocytes were incubated with 10, 20, and 50 μM of rac‐FPMH. There was no chiral conversion or transformation during their incubation with the hepatocytes. Toxicity differences were observed among the two enantiomers of FPMH and fluroxypyr (FP) in their EC50 values in rat hepatocytes. Of all the tested compounds, FP was most toxic to the rat hepatocytes. The (−)‐FPMH enantiomer showed higher toxicity than the (+)‐FPMH, whereas the racemic mixture displayed intermediate toxicity. The data presented here are important for a more thorough understanding of this pesticide and should be useful for its full environmental assessment. Chirality, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Intratumoral neutrophils and plasmacytoid dendritic cells indicate poor prognosis and are associated with pSTAT3 expression in AJCC stage I/II melanoma
Authors: Jensen Trine O. , Schmidt Henrik , Møller Holger J. , Donskov Frede , Høyer Morten , Sjoegren Pia , Christensen Ib J. , Steiniche Torben 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Tumor cell and host immune cell interaction plays a key role in carcinogenesis. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is constitutively activated in cancer and believed to be an important mediator of tumor‐induced immunosuppression. This paper aims to describe the prognostic impact of neutrophil and dendritic cell infiltration in primary melanoma and the association of this infiltration with activated STAT3 (pSTAT3) in primary melanoma cells.METHODS:Formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded primary melanomas from 186 stage‐I/II melanoma patients surgically resected from 1997 to 2000. Infiltrating neutrophils (CD66b), dendritic cells (CD123+ and DC‐LAMP+), T‐lymphocytes (CD8) and pSTAT3 melanoma cell expression were studied by immunohistochemistry and evaluated as present or absent. DC‐LAMP+ cell infiltration was evaluated as absent/few versus dense. Study endpoints: relapse‐free survival, melanoma‐specific, and overall survival.RESULTS:The median observation time was 12.2 years (range, 10.4‐14.2 years). Fifty‐one deaths were observed of which 38 (20%) were melanoma‐specific. In a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model including ulceration and melanoma thickness, neutrophil and CD123+ dendritic cell infiltration were independently associated with poor prognosis (CD66b: hazard ratio [HR] = 3.13; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.43‐6.83; P = .004; CD123: HR = 2.45; 95% CI, 1.22‐4.92; P = .012). The association between melanoma cell pSTAT3 expression and immune infiltration (neutrophils and CD123+ cells) was strong. pSTAT3 expression, CD8 and DC‐LAMP infiltration were not independently associated with poor prognosis.CONCLUSIONS:Neutrophil infiltration and CD123+ dendritic cell infiltration in primary melanoma are independently associated with poor prognosis. Melanoma cell expression of pSTAT3 is strongly associated with the surrounding immune infiltrate. Cancer 2012;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.