bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of oral and non‐oral migraine prophylactic treatment on self‐reported subjective sleep quality in migraine patients with sleep problems: A review and meta‐analysis
Authors: van Oosterhout W. P. J. , Kanis L. , Wiendels N. J. , Reijngoudt J. W. 
Published: June 2024

SummaryThis study aims to investigate the effects of oral and non‐oral migraine prophylaxis on subjective sleep quality in migraine patients with sleep problems. A bidirectional relationship between migraine and sleep is presumed, although this relationship is not fully clarified. Possibly, prophylactic treatment of migraine aiming at a reduction of migraine attack frequency can also positively affect the quality of sleep for patients with migraine with sleep problems. PubMed, Cochrane, Embase and CINAHL databases were searched in March 2022 for studies evaluating prophylactic treatment of migraine and the impact on perceived sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index or Insomnia Severity Index). A systematic review using the McMaster Tool and a random‐effects meta‐analysis (effect size Cohen's d) were conducted. Seven studies were identified, including 989 participants, of which 844/989 (85.3%) female, with a mean (SD) age of 41.3 (12.1) years. In 6/7 (85.7%) studies, monthly migraine days improved (p < 0.002). Five out of six (83.3%) studies presented a relevant improvement in quality of sleep (p < 0.05), and one study reported a clinically meaningful improvement in the treatment group (Insomnia Severity Index change >7, in >50% of participants). The meta‐analysis showed a large effect size of 1.09 (95% confidence interval 0.57–1.62; overall p < 0.001; Cochran's Q < 0.0001) for migraine prophylaxis on improving sleep quality. In conclusion, prophylactic migraine treatment improves sleep quality in patients with migraine and sleep problems, as measured with self‐reported questionnaires Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Insomnia Severity Index. Unfortunately, some included studies used prophylactic treatment that is not in current (international) guidelines. The evidence for this improvement in quality of sleep is strong, and seems a generic effect of migraine prophylaxis.
Posttraumatic stress disorder and insomnia in US military veterans: Prevalence, correlates, and psychiatric and functional burden
Authors: Georgescu Michael F. , Fischer Ian C. , Beydoun May A. , McCarthy Elissa , DeViva Jason C. , Pietrzak Robert H. 
Published: June 2024

SummaryMilitary veterans have high rates of psychiatric conditions such as posttraumatic stress disorder, which can complicate the clinical management of insomnia. Population‐based data are lacking on the prevalence, characteristics and mental health burden of veterans with co‐occurring posttraumatic stress disorder and insomnia. The current cross‐sectional study analysed data from a nationally representative sample of 4069 US veterans examining the prevalence and comorbidity between posttraumatic stress disorder and insomnia, and their associations with psychiatric and medical comorbidities, suicidality, and psychosocial functioning. Results revealed that 4.0% of US veterans screened positive for posttraumatic stress disorder + insomnia, 7.4% for insomnia only, and 3.2% for posttraumatic stress disorder only. Compared with controls, higher odds of major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder were observed in the posttraumatic stress disorder + insomnia and posttraumatic stress disorder only groups. Moreover, compared with the control group, posttraumatic stress disorder + insomnia and posttraumatic stress disorder only groups had higher odds of current suicidal ideation, while the posttraumatic stress disorder + insomnia group had also higher odds of attempting suicide. Relative to the posttraumatic stress disorder only group, the posttraumatic stress disorder + insomnia group scored substantially lower on measures of cognitive, emotional and social functioning (d = 1.05, 1.04 and 0.87, respectively). This study provides contemporary data regarding current prevalence, correlates, and psychiatric and functional burden of posttraumatic stress disorder + insomnia among US veterans. The results underscore the importance of assessing, monitoring and treating posttraumatic stress disorder and insomnia as part of the efforts to mitigate suicide risk and promote multi‐domain functioning in this population.
Disposition kinetics and tissue residues of tilmicosin following intravenous, subcutaneous, single and multiple oral dosing in geese (Anser anser domesticus)
Authors: Bourdo Krzysztof , Fadel Charbel , Giorgi Mario , Šitovs Andrejs , Poapolathep Amnart , Łebkowska‐Wieruszewska Beata 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTilmicosin (TMC), a semi‐synthetic macrolide antibiotic, is widely used in veterinary medicine due to its broad‐spectrum, bacteriostatic properties. Frequently administered in various birds species, it is likely used off‐label in geese as well. The study sought to investigate TMC's pharmacokinetics, tissue residues, in geese through in vivo experiments. The study involved longitudinal open studies on 15 healthy adult males, with three phases separated by one‐month washout periods. Geese were administered TMC through intravenous (IV, 5 mg/kg), subcutaneous (SC, 10 mg/kg), and oral (PO, 25 mg/kg for five consecutive days) routes, with blood samples drawn at specific intervals. Tissue samples were also collected for subsequent analysis at pre‐assigned times. TMC in goose plasma was quantified by a fully validated HPLC method. Plasma concentrations were quantified up to 4 hr for the PO and IV routes, and up to 10 hr in the SC route. Significant variations in bioavailability were observed between SC (87%) and PO (4%) routes. The body extraction ratio was low at 0.03, suggesting minimal ability of the liver and kidneys to eliminate TMC. Multiple oral doses showed no plasma accumulation, but tissue data revealed extensive distribution and prolonged residence, up to 120 h, suggesting a sustained therapeutic effect despite the brief plasma half‐life. Regarding the multiple PO doses, provisional withdrawal times of 6, 7.5, and 8 days were suggested for the liver, muscles, and kidneys, respectively, according to the MRL set for these matrices in chickens by EMA. In conclusion, while the practical oral administration is discouraged at the population level, SC administration of TMC may be appropriate for geese, albeit impractical for flock therapy.
The role of non‐base compensation in explaining the motherhood wage gap: Evidence from Italy
Authors: Badaoui Eliane , Matteazzi Eleonora , Prete Vincenzo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper underlines the importance of accounting for non‐base compensation in explaining the motherhood wage gap. We consider two alternative measures of hourly wage using Italian EU‐SILC data from 2007 to 2019: the base‐wage and the full‐wage. The former refers to the contractual base wage, while the latter includes performance‐based bonuses, productivity bonuses, commissions, pay incentives, and other extra payments. We address the endogeneity issues of motherhood and examine the effect of motherhood status across various quantiles of the wage distribution for the two hourly wage measures. Empirical findings provide evidence of a motherhood base‐wage premium, which becomes nonsignificant when using the full‐wage measure, suggesting that non‐base compensation is a source of inequality for mothers. These findings are consistent across the wage distribution. Exploring potential heterogeneity across macro‐regions and periods, we find no notable regional disparities except minor distinctions for the Southern regions, alongside a decline in the base‐wage premium over time and the emergence of a full‐wage penalty in recent years. A comparative analysis with a sample of men reveals that fathers enjoy a premium with both wage measures. Nevertheless, fatherhood is also associated with reduced extra remunerations, yet to a lesser extent than motherhood.
Exercise improves surrogate measures of liver histological response in metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease
Authors: Cuthbertson Daniel J. , Keating Shelley E. , Pugh Christopher J. A. , Owen Patrick J. , Kemp Graham J. , Umpleby Margot , Geyer Nathaniel G. , Chinchilli Vernon M. , Stine Jonathan G. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsExercise is recommended for the management of metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), yet effects on liver histology remain unknown, especially without significant weight loss. We aimed to examine changes in surrogate measures of liver histological response with exercise training.MethodsWe conducted a post hoc pooled analysis of three randomised controlled trials (duration: 12–20 weeks) comparing aerobic exercise interventions with controls. The primary outcome measure was a ≥30% relative reduction in (MRI‐measured) liver fat, as a surrogate measure of liver histological response (the threshold necessary for fibrosis improvement). Secondary outcome measures were changes in other biomarkers of liver fibrosis, anthropometry, body composition and aerobic fitness.ResultsEighty‐eight adults (exercise: 54, control: 34; male: 67%) were included with mean (SD) age 51 (11) years and body mass index 33.3 (5.2) kg/m2. Following the intervention, exercise had ~5‐fold (OR [95%CI]: 4.86 [1.72, 13.8],p = .002) greater odds of ≥30% relative reduction in MRI‐measured liver fat compared with control. This paralleled the improvements in anthropometry (waist and hip circumference reduction), body composition (body fat, visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue) and aerobic fitness (V̇O2peak, ventilatory threshold and exercise capacity). Importantly, these effects were independent of clinically significant body weight loss (<3% body weight).ConclusionExercise training led to clinically meaningful improvements in surrogate serum‐ and imaging‐based measures of liver histological change, without clinically meaningful body weight reduction. These data reinforce the weight‐neutral benefit of exercise training and suggest that aerobic training may improve liver fibrosis in patients with MASLD.
LNCHC directly binds and regulates YBX1 stability to ameliorate metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease progression
Authors: Lu Kaikai , Cheng Xiaona , He Lei , Li Mengda , Chen Qian , Qian Chen , Zhao Rong , Yang Luyun , Liu Fangtong , Liu Sitong , Zhang Tianyun , Feng Lina , Wu Litao , Wu Xiaodan , Xu Nan , Li Ya , Wang Jun , Han Yu , Yuan Haiyang , Liu Tiemin , Zheng Minghua , Lu Shemin , Li Dongmin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsMetabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) represents the foremost cause of chronic liver disease, yet its underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Our group previously discovered a novel long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) in rats, termed lncHC and its human counterpart, LNCHC. This study aimed to explore the role of LNCHC in the progression of MASLD.MethodsRNA‐binding proteins bound to LNCHC were searched by mass spectrometry. The target genes of LNCHC and Y‐Box binding protein 1 (YBX1) were identified by RNA‐seq. MASLD animal models were utilised to examine the roles of LNCHC, YBX1 and patatin‐like phospholipase domain containing 3 (PNPLA3) in MASLD progression.ResultsHere, we identified LNCHC as a native restrainer during MASLD development. Notably, LNCHC directly binds YBX1 and prevents protein ubiquitination. Up‐regulation of YBX1 then stabilises PNPLA3 mRNA to alleviate lipid accumulation in hepatocytes. Furthermore, both cell and animal studies demonstrate that LNCHC, YBX1 and PNPLA3 function to improve hepatocyte lipid accumulation and exacerbate metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatohepatitis development.ConclusionsIn summary, our findings unveil a novel LNCHC functionality in regulating YBX1 and PNPLA3 mRNA stability during MASLD development, providing new avenues in MASLD treatment.
Beneficial effects of hepatic cyclooxygenase‐2 expression against cholestatic injury after common bile duct ligation in mice
Authors: Brea Rocío , Casanova Natalia , Alvarez‐Lucena Carlota , Fuertes‐Agudo Marina , Luque‐Tevar María , Cucarella Carme , Capitani María C. , Marinochi María V. , Fusini Matías E. , Lahoz Agustín , Nogueroles Marina López , Fraile Juan , Ronco María T , Boscá Lisardo , González‐Rodríguez Águeda , García‐Monzón Carmelo , Martín‐Sanz Paloma , Casado Marta , Francés Daniel E. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsCyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) is involved in different liver diseases, but little is known about the significance of COX‐2 in cholestatic injury. This study was designed to elucidate the role of COX‐2 expression in hepatocytes during the pathogenesis of obstructive cholestasis.MethodsWe used genetically modified mice constitutively expressing human COX‐2 in hepatocytes. Transgenic mice (hCOX‐2‐Tg) and their wild‐type (Wt) littermates were either subjected to a mid‐abdominal laparotomy or common bile duct ligation (BDL) for 2 or 5 days. Then, we explored the mechanisms underlying the role of COX‐2 and its derived prostaglandins in liver function, and the synthesis and excretion of bile acids (BA) in response to cholestatic liver injury.ResultsAfter BDL, hCOX‐2‐Tg mice showed lower grades of hepatic necrosis and inflammation than Wt mice, in part by a reduced hepatic neutrophil recruitment associated with lower mRNA levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, hCOX‐2‐Tg mice displayed a differential metabolic pattern of BA synthesis that led to an improved clearance after BDL‐induced accumulation. In addition, an enhanced response to the BDL‐induced oxidative stress and hepatic apoptosis was observed. In vitro experiments using hepatic cells that stably express hCOX‐2 confirmed the cytoprotective role of prostaglandin E2 against BA toxicity.ConclusionsTaken together, our data indicate that constitutive expression of COX‐2 in hepatocytes ameliorates cholestatic liver injury in mice by reducing inflammation and cell damage and by modulating BA metabolism, pointing to a role for COX‐2 as a defensive response against cholestasis‐derived BA accumulation and injury.
Hepatic manifestations of hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia
Authors: Kelly Claire , Buscarini Elisabetta , Manfredi Guido , Gregory Stephen , Heneghan Michael A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia is a genetic condition of abnormal blood vessel formation resulting from an imbalance of pro‐ and anti‐angiogenic products of the transforming growth factor β/bone morphogenetic protein signalling pathway which contributes to vascular remodelling and maintenance. Hepatic vascular malformations are common although less frequently symptomatic, but may result in high‐output cardiac failure, portal hypertension and biliary ischaemia. Whilst the understanding of the genetic and cell signalling pathways that are the hallmark of hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia have been clarified, there remain challenges in therapy for these patients. Only patients with symptomatic hepatic vascular malformations require treatment, with most (63%) responding to first‐line medical therapy. For non‐responders, bevacizumab is effective in reducing cardiac output in those with heart failure secondary to hepatic vascular malformations as well as other manifestations of the disease. Although liver transplantation is the only curative option, optimal timing is critical. Novel anti‐angiogenetic drugs and those that target aberrant cell signalling pathway are being explored.
Clinical characteristics and prognosis of early diagnosed Wilson's disease: A large cohort study
Authors: Li Simin , Lin Yunting , Chen Shehong , Zhang Wen , Chen Yu‐ming , Lu Xinshuo , Shao Yongxian , Lu Zhikun , Sheng Huiying , Guan Zhihong , Zheng Ruidan , Liang Cuili , Chen Yaoyong , Liu Li , Zeng Chunhua 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsFew studies have focused on the outcomes of Wilson's disease (WD) diagnosed before age of 5 years. This study aimed to summarize the clinical features of early diagnosed WD and analyse treatment outcomes and the risk factors associated with treatment failure.MethodsA total of 139 children confirmed with WD before 5 years were enrolled in this study. Only patients with follow‐up over 1 year were analysed with Kaplan–Meier survival analysis. The composite outcomes included death, progression to liver failure or acute hepatitis, development of renal or neurological symptoms and persistent elevation of alanine aminotransferase (ALT). The treatment failure was defined as occurrence of at least one of above outcomes.ResultsAmong 139 WD patients at diagnosis, two (1.4%) WD patients presented with symptomatic liver disease, whereas 137 (98.6%) were phenotypically asymptomatic, including 135 with elevated ALT and 2 with normal liver function. Median serum ceruloplasmin (Cp) was 3.1 mg/dL, and urinary copper excretion was 87.4 μg/24‐h. There were 71 variants identified in the the copper‐transporting ATPase beta gene, and 29 were loss of function (LOF). 51 patients with LOF variant were younger at diagnosis and had lower Cp than 88 patients without LOF. Among 93 patients with over 1 year of follow‐up, 19 (20.4%) received zinc monotherapy, and 74 (79.6%) received a zinc/D‐penicillamine combination therapy. 14 (15.1%) patients underwent treatment failure, and its occurrence was associated with poor compliance (p < .01).ConclusionsCp is a reliable biomarker for early diagnosis, and zinc monotherapy is an effective treatment for WD during early childhood. Good treatment compliance is critical to achieve a favourable outcome.
Taxonomic assessment, conservation status, and future perspectives for New World Marsupials
Authors: Martin Gabriel M. , Carmignotto Ana Paula 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

New World Marsupials (NWMs) comprise over 135 species ranging from Patagonia (Argentina) to northern North America, classified within the orders Didelphimorphia, Microbiotheria and Paucituberculata.
This study examines recent taxonomic revisions and conservation priorities for NWMs, based on the IUCN Red List assessments and current literature.
NWMs are included in the following IUCN Red List categories: 2 (1.5%) Critically Endangered (CR), 9 (6.6%) Vulnerable (VU), 7 (5.1%) Near Threatened (NT), 15 (11%) Data Deficient (DD), and 72 (53%) Least Concern (LC), with 32 (23%) species awaiting formal assessments.
Population trends remain unknown for more than half of the 137 species (n = 82; 60%), with 34 stable species (25%), 30 declining (22%), and only three showing increasing trends (2.2%). Of the 105 IUCN assessed species, 45 (43%) have unknown population trends.
Identified threats for assessed species (n = 32) include ecosystem conversion and degradation as the main threats, with habitat loss through fragmentation and/or land conversion potentially affecting 26 additional species. When analysed in detail with the proposed classification ‘Habitat loss, fragmentation, and conversion’ were identified as the main threat to 61 species.
Research needs were identified for 85 species (62%), across five categories: Taxonomy (9 species), Life History and Ecology (75 species), Population size, Distribution and Trends (80 species), Threats (78 species), and Actions (2 species).
We propose four key steps to enhance the conservation of NWMs: 1) update assessments to include all valid species, 2) identify priority areas for NWM conservation, 3) encourage research collaboration, and 4) integrate data into conservation strategies at various spatial and political scales.
Facilitated introgression from domestic goat into Alpine ibex at immune loci
Authors: Münger Xenia , Robin Mathieu , Dalén Love , Grossen Christine 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHybridization can result in the transfer of adaptive genetic material from one species to another, known as adaptive introgression. Bottlenecked (and hence genetically depleted) species are expected to be particularly receptive to adaptive introgression, since introgression can introduce new or previously lost adaptive genetic variation. The Alpine ibex (Capra ibex), which recently recovered from near extinction, is known to hybridize with the domestic goat (Capra aegagrus hircus), and signals of introgression previously found at the major histocompatibility complex were suggested to potentially be adaptive. Here, we combine two ancient whole genomes of Alpine ibex with 29 modern Alpine ibex genomes and 31 genomes representing six related Capra species to investigate the genome‐wide patterns of introgression and confirm the potential relevance of immune loci. We identified low rates of admixture in modern Alpine ibex through various F statistics and screening for putative introgressed tracts. Further results based on demographic modelling were consistent with introgression to have occurred during the last 300 years, coinciding with the known species bottleneck, and that in each generation, 1–2 out of 100 Alpine ibex had a domestic goat parent. The putatively introgressed haplotypes were enriched at immune‐related genes, where the adaptive value of alternative alleles may give individuals with otherwise depleted genetic diversity a selective advantage. While interbreeding with domestic species is a prevalent issue in species conservation, in this specific case, it resulted in putative adaptive introgression. Our findings highlight the complex interplay between hybridization, adaptive evolution, and the potential risks and benefits associated with anthropogenic influences on wild species.
What's your experience?: A duoethnographic dialogue to advance disability inclusion in medical education
Authors: Jain Neera R. , Alwazzan Lulu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundAlthough disability inclusion in medical education is gaining interest internationally, scholarship and policy recommendations on this topic largely hail from the US, Canada, Australia and the UK. Existing scholarship, while calling for medical education to enact cultural and attitudinal change related to disability, has yet to exemplify how educators might critically examine their understandings.ApproachAs two medical educators and researchers, one based in New Zealand and the other based in Saudi Arabia, we took a duoethnographic approach to explore tensions, possibilities and assumptions regarding disability and disability inclusion in medical education. Through a year‐long synchronous and asynchronous dialogue, we examined our experiences in relation to literature from critical disability studies and disability inclusion in medical education.FindingsWe present recurrent themes from our dialogue. We consider what disability means, explore definitions and models of disability in our contexts, as well as our lived curriculum of disability. We grapple with the applicability of disability inclusion practices across borders. We explore the complexity of supporting access without a clear roadmap, while recognising educators' potential in this work. Finally, we recognise that, if disability is relational, we have the power and responsibility to address ableism in medical education. Throughout, we return to the importance of local consultation with disabled people (learners, physicians) to better understand how services ought to be oriented.ConclusionDuoethnographic dialogue is a fruitful approach to critically examine understandings of disability with others and represents a necessary start to work in education that seeks to advance justice. We share possible actions to take the work forward beyond dialogue and suggest that readers engage in such dialogues with others in their own contexts.