bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synergism of pheromone and host‐plant volatile blends in the attraction of Grapholita molesta males
Authors: Varela Nélia , Avilla Jesús , Anton Sylvia , Gemeno César 
Published: October 2011

AbstractControl of Grapholita molesta (Busck) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), a major pest of stone and pome fruits, is successfully achieved by mating disruption. Under these conditions, tools other than conventional pheromone dispensers are needed for flight monitoring. The objective of the present work was to determine whether plant volatiles synergize male G. molesta attraction to a suboptimal dose of synthetic sex pheromone. The plant blend (referred to as 5VB), a mixture of three green leaf volatiles [(Z)‐3‐hexenyl acetate, (Z)‐3‐hexenol, and (E)‐2‐hexenal] and two aromatics [benzaldehyde (BZA) and benzonitrile (BZN)], was added to the suboptimal pheromone dose (2 ng on filter paper) in log steps (up to 10 000× the pheromone dose) to test synergism of pheromone and plant blends. In addition, the effect of individual plant volatiles on male responses was investigated by adding to the suboptimal pheromone dose each of the four‐compound plant‐volatile blends, resulting from eliminating one volatile from the 5VB at a time, or each plant volatile alone. Flight behaviour and the time to reach the source were recorded. The 5VB alone was not attractive to G. molesta males, but at a ratio of 1:1 000 (Ph:5VB) or higher, the attractiveness of the suboptimal pheromone dose increased, to a level similar to that of the optimal pheromone dose (10 ng). All tested plant volatiles, except BZA, synergized the response to the pheromone when added individually, but only (Z)‐3‐hexenol and BZN did so to a level not significantly different from the Ph:5VB blend. Aromatics had a stronger effect than green leaf volatiles (GLVs), because their removal, but not the removal of GLVs, decreased landing responses. The addition of the 5VB decreased significantly the time males needed to reach the odour source. The observed enhanced male attraction to mixtures of pheromone and plant volatiles will facilitate the development of lures for G. molesta adult flight monitoring.
Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells suppress breast cancer tumourigenesis through direct cell–cell contact and internalization
Authors: Chao Kuo‐Ching , Yang Hui‐Tai , Chen Min‐Wei 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate how human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUMSCs) affect breast cancer tumourigenesis. To observe the influence of HUMSCs on tumourigenesis in vitro, we performed a co‐culture of MDA MB‐231 breast cancer cells with HUMSCs, and a result of HUMSCs on tumourigenesis in vivo was achieved by injection of HUMSCs into nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient mice following tumour establishment with MDA‐MB231. During the co‐culture, apoptosis of MDA‐MB231 was noted, which was driven either by binding with HUMSC through direct cell–cell contact or by formation of a novel cell‐in‐cell phenomenon after internalization of HUMSC. Also, treatment with HUMSC injection was efficacious in both in situ and metastatic breast cancers in the animal models. Since HUMSCs were proved to efficaciously suppress breast cancer tumourigenesis both in vitro and in vivo, it is our expectation that treatment with HUMSCs can be a viable therapy for breast cancer in the near future. In addition, we share a new point of view on the role of HUMSCs in foetal development during pregnancy.
THE POWER OF SENSORY DISCRIMINATION METHODS REVISITED
Authors: ENNIS JOHN M. , JESIONKA VIRGINIE 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACT“The power of sensory discrimination methods” (PSDM) was published in this journal in 1993. PSDM clarified the need for power considerations in the interpretation of testing results while providing a series of sample size tables. Despite the fact that the data considered in PSDM were binomially distributed, a normal approximation was used that both overestimated power and underestimated sample sizes. Although exact power functions have been examined in the sensory literature, the unusual behavior of these functions has not been embraced; the fact that increasing sample size can decrease power has not yet been incorporated into stable sample size recommendations. In this paper, we provide sample size recommendations with the property that any larger sample sizes also have the desired level of power. These recommendations are given in the form of tables updating those found in PSDM. In addition, a relatively new discrimination testing method known as the tetrad test has grown in popularity recently and this test now needs to be examined from a power perspective. We show that the tetrad test is remarkably powerful for an unspecified test and in some cases only requires one third the sample size as that required by the triangle test.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSThis paper contains three main practical applications. First, we provide sample size recommendations, including tables, based on the exact power function as determined by the binomial distribution. In particular, this paper is the first to provide exact sample size recommendations such that all larger sample sizes continue to have the desired level of power. Next, we use the exact power analysis to recommend that only the 2‐alternative forced choice (AFC); instead of, for example, the 3‐AFC or the specified tetrad test be used for forced choice testing in which an attribute of interest is specified to distinguish the samples. Finally, we provide a power analysis of the unspecified tetrad test for the first time in the sensory literature and show that in some cases, the tetrad test only requires one third the sample size as the triangle test. This last point could lead to both significant resource savings and improved confidence for researchers throughout sensory science.
Tongue abscess: a rare clinical entity
Authors: Pallagatti Shambulingappa , Sheikh Soheyl , Kaur Anupreet , Puri Nidhi , Singh Ravinder , Arya Smriti 
Published: October 2011

AbstractSwelling of the tongue is a rare clinical entity. It is a potentially life‐threatening condition, as it could result in airway compromise. The differential diagnosis of acute tongue swelling includes hemorrhage, infarction, abscess, tumor, and edema. A tongue abscess should be considered in all cases of acute tongue swelling, especially when host defenses are severely impaired. Although the diagnosis of lingual abscess can be reached clinically because of the rarity of the condition, in neglected cases, the diagnosis can be difficult. Despite of the rarity and complexity of this condition, its management strategy is relatively simple. In the present study, we describe a case of a tongue abscess on the anterior two‐thirds of the tongue in a 60‐year‐old woman, and discuss the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of this complex entity.
Comparison of Abortion and Infection after Experimental Challenge of Pregnant Bison and Cattle with Brucella abortus Strain 2308
Authors: Olsen S. C. , Johnson C. 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACTA comparative study was conducted using data from naive bison (n= 45) and cattle (n= 46) from 8 and 6 studies, respectively, in which a standardizedBrucella abortusstrain 2308 experimental challenge was administered during midgestation. The incidence of abortion, fetal infection, uterine or mammary infection, or infection in maternal tissues after experimental challenge was greater (P< 0.05) in bison than in cattle. In animals that did abort, the time between experimental challenge and abortion was shorter (P< 0.05) for bison than for cattle.Brucellacolonization of four target tissues and serologic responses on the standard tube agglutination test at the time of abortion did not differ (P> 0.05) between cattle and bison. The results of our study suggest that naive bison and cattle have similarities and differences after experimental exposure to a virulentB. abortusstrain. Although our data suggest that bison may be more susceptible to infection withBrucella, some pathogenic characteristics of brucellosis were similar between bison and cattle.
Identification of Adipophilin as a Potential Plasma Biomarker for Colorectal Cancer Using Label-Free Quantitative Mass Spectrometry and Protein Microarray
Authors: Matsubara Junichi , Honda Kazufumi , Ono Masaya , Sekine Shigeki , Tanaka Yoshinori , Kobayashi Michimoto , Jung Giman , Sakuma Tomohiro , Nakamori Shoji , Sata Naohiro , Nagai Hideo , Ioka Tatsuya , Okusaka Takuji , Kosuge Tomoo , Tsuchida Akihiko , Shimahara Masashi , Yasunami Yohichi , Chiba Tsutomu , Yamada Tesshi 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to identify a new plasma biomarker for use in early detection of colorectal cancer.
Methods: Using the combination of hollow fiber membrane (HFM)-based low-molecular weight protein enrichment and two-dimensional image converted analysis of liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (2DICAL), we compared the plasma proteome of 22 colorectal cancer patients with those of 21 healthy controls. An identified biomarker candidate was then validated in two larger cohorts [validation-1 (n = 210) and validation-2 (n = 113)] using a high-density reverse-phase protein microarray.
Results: From a total of 53,009 mass peaks, we identified 103 with an area under curve (AUC) value of 0.80 or higher that could distinguish cancer patients from healthy controls. A peak that increased in colorectal cancer patients, with an AUC of 0.81 and P value of 0.0004 (Mann–Whitney U test), was identified as a product of the PLIN2 gene [also known as perilipin-2, adipose differentiation-related protein (ADRP), or adipophilin]. An increase in plasma adipophilin was consistently observed in colorectal cancer patients, including those with stage I or stage II disease (P &lt; 0.0001, Welch's t test). Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that adipophilin is expressed primarily in the basal sides of colorectal cancer cells forming polarized tubular structures, and that it is absent from adjacent normal intestinal mucosae.
Conclusions: Adipophilin is a plasma biomarker potentially useful for the detection of early-stage colorectal cancer.
Impact: The combination of HFM and 2DICAL enables the comprehensive analysis of plasma proteins and is ideal for use in all biomarker discovery studies. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 20(10); 2195–203. ©2011 AACR.
Impact of Survivorship-Based Research on Defining Clinical Care Guidelines
Authors: Hudson Melissa M. , Landier Wendy , Ganz Patricia A. 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
The growing number of individuals living five or more years from cancer diagnosis underscores the importance of providing guidance about potential late treatment effects to clinicians caring for long-term cancer survivors. Late treatment effects are commonly experienced by cancer survivors, increase in prevalence with aging, produce substantial morbidity, and predispose to early mortality. Findings from survivorship research permit providers to anticipate health risks among predisposed survivors and facilitate their access to interventions to prevent, detect, or rehabilitate cancer-related morbidity. This article reviews the impact that survivorship research has made in defining clinical care guidelines and the challenges that remain in developing and translating research findings into health screening recommendations that can optimize the quality and duration of survival after cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 20(10); 2085–92. ©2011 AACR.
Molecular Insights on the Peripheral and Intratumoral Effects of Systemic High-Dose rIL-2 (Aldesleukin) Administration for the Treatment of Metastatic Melanoma
Authors: Weiss Geoffrey R. , Grosh William W. , Chianese-Bullock Kimberly A. , Zhao Yingdong , Liu Hui , Slingluff Craig L. , Marincola Francesco M. , Wang Ena 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
Purpose: We have previously shown that within tumors, recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2, aldesleukin) consistently activates tumor-associated macrophages and upregulates IFN-stimulated genes while inducing minimal migration, activation, or proliferation of T cells. These effects are independent of tumor response to treatment. Here, we prospectively evaluated transcriptional alterations induced by rIL-2 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and within melanoma metastases.
Experimental Design: We evaluated gene expression changes by serially comparing pre- to posttreatment samples in 13 patients and also compared transcriptional differences among lesions displaying different responsiveness to therapy, focusing on 2 lesions decreasing in size and 2 remaining stable (responding lesions) compared with nonresponding ones.
Results: As previously described, the effects of rIL-2 were dramatic within PBMCs, whereas effects within the tumor microenvironment were lesion specific and limited. However, distinct signatures specific to response could be observed in responding lesions pretreatment that were amplified following rIL-2 administration. These signatures match the functional profile observed in other human or experimental models in which immune-mediated tissue-specific destruction (TSD) occurs, underscoring common pathways leading to rejection. Moreover, the signatures observed in pretreatment lesions were qualitatively similar to those associated with TSD, underlining a determinism to immune responsiveness that depends upon the genetic background of the host or the intrinsic genetic makeup of individual tumors.
Conclusions: This is the first prospectively collected insight on global transcriptional events occurring during high-dose rIL-2 therapy in melanoma metastases responding to treatment. Clin Cancer Res; 17(23); 7440–50. ©2011 AACR.
Copy Number Aberrations in Benign Serous Ovarian Tumors: A Case for Reclassification?
Authors: Hunter Sally M. , Anglesio Michael S. , Sharma Raghwa , Gilks C. Blake , Melnyk Nataliya , Chiew Yoke-Eng , deFazio Anna , Longacre Teri A. , Huntsman David G. , Gorringe Kylie L. , Campbell Ian G. 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
Purpose: Serous ovarian carcinomas are the predominant epithelial ovarian cancer subtype and it has been widely believed that some or all of these may arise from precursors derived from the ovarian surface epithelium or fimbriae, although direct molecular evidence for this is limited. This study aimed to conduct copy number (CN) analysis using a series of benign and borderline serous ovarian tumors to identify underlying genomic changes that may be indicative of early events in tumorigenesis.
Experimental Design: High resolution CN analysis was conducted on DNA from the epithelial and fibroblast components of a cohort of benign (N = 39) and borderline (N = 24) serous tumors using the Affymetrix OncoScan assay and SNP6.0 arrays.
Results: CN aberrations were detected in the epithelium of only 2.9% (1 of 35) of serous cystadenomas and cystadenofibromas. In contrast, CN aberrations were detected in the epithelium of 67% (16 of 24) of the serous borderline tumors (SBT). Unexpectedly, CN aberrations were detected in the fibroblasts of 33% (13 of 39) of the benign serous tumors and in 15% (3 of 20) of the SBTs. Of the 16 cases with CN aberrations in the fibroblasts, 12 of these carried a gain of chromosome 12.
Conclusions: Chromosome 12 trisomy has been previously identified in pure fibromas, supporting the concept that a significant proportion of benign serous tumors are in fact primary fibromas with an associated cystic mass. This is the first high resolution genomic analysis of benign serous ovarian tumors and has shown not only that the majority of benign serous tumors have no genetic evidence of epithelial neoplasia but that a significant proportion may be more accurately classified as primary fibromas. Clin Cancer Res; 17(23); 7273–82. ©2011 AACR.
Thrombin as a multi-functional enzyme
Authors: Schwameis Michael , Blann Andrew , Mannhalter Christine , Jilma Bernd , Siller-Matula Jolanta 
Published: October 2011

SummaryThrombin is the central protease in the coagulation cascade and one of the most extensively studied of all enzymes. In addition to its recognised role in the coagulation cascade and haemostasis, thrombin is known to have multiple pleiotropic effects, which mostly have been shown only in in vitro studies: it plays a role in inflammation and cellular proliferation and displays a mitogen activity on smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells, predominantly by activation of angiogenesis. In vivo, thrombin effects were examined in animal models of intravenous or intraarterial thrombin infusion. An extensive literature search regarding in vivo data showed that i) thrombin administered as a bolus causes microembolism, ii) thrombin infused slowly at steady-state conditions (up to 1.6 U/kg/min) leads to bleeds but not to intravascular clotting, iii) large quantity of thrombin infused at low rates (0.05 U/kg/min) does not have any measurable effect, and iv) thrombin increases vascular permeability leading to tissue damage. Although several decades of research on thrombin functions have provided a framework for understanding the biology of thrombin, animal and human studies with use of newer laboratory techniques are still needed to confirm the pleiotropic thrombin functions shown in in vitro studies.Focus on in vitro and in vivo effects
Detection of Lipid-Core Plaques by Intracoronary Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Identifies High Risk of Periprocedural Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Goldstein James A. , Maini Brijeshwar , Dixon Simon R. , Brilakis Emmanouil S. , Grines Cindy L. , Rizik David G. , Powers Eric R. , Steinberg Daniel H. , Shunk Kendrick A. , Weisz Giora , Moreno Pedro R. , Kini Annapoorna , Sharma Samin K. , Hendricks Michael J. , Sum Steve T. , Madden Sean P. , Muller James E. , Stone Gregg W. , Kern Morton J. 
Published: October 2011

Background—
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is associated with periprocedural myocardial infarction (MI) in 3% to 15% of cases (depending on the definition used). In many cases, these MIs result from distal embolization of lipid-core plaque (LCP) constituents. Prospective identification of LCP with catheter-based near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) may predict an increased risk of periprocedural MI and facilitate development of preventive measures.

Methods and Results—

The present study analyzed the relationship between the presence of a large LCP (detected by NIRS) and periprocedural MI. Patients with stable preprocedural cardiac biomarkers undergoing stenting were identified from the COLOR Registry, an ongoing prospective observational study of patients undergoing NIRS before PCI. The extent of LCP in the treatment zone was calculated as the maximal lipid-core burden index (LCBI) measured by NIRS for each of the 4-mm longitudinal segments in the treatment zone. A periprocedural MI was defined as new cardiac biomarker elevation above 3× upper limit of normal. A total of 62 patients undergoing stenting met eligibility criteria. A large LCP (defined as a maxLCBI
4 mm
≥500) was present in 14 of 62 lesions (22.6%), and periprocedural MI was documented in 9 of 62 (14.5%) of cases. Periprocedural MI occurred in 7 of 14 patients (50%) with a maxLCBI
4 mm
≥500, compared with 2 of 48 patients (4.2%) patients with a lower maxLCBI
4 mm
(
P
=0.0002).

Conclusions—
NIRS provides rapid, automated detection of extensive LCPs that are associated with a high risk of periprocedural MI, presumably due to embolization of plaque contents during coronary intervention.
Impact of Free Universal Medical Coverage on Medical Care and Outcomes in Low-Income Patients Hospitalized for Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Danchin Nicolas , Neumann Anke , Tuppin Philippe , De Peretti Christine , Weill Alain , Ricordeau Philippe , Allemand Hubert 
Published: October 2011

Background—
The type of medical coverage in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) may affect their treatment and outcome.

Methods and Results—

We used the reimbursement database from the French National Health Insurance to determine the impact of full medical coverage (Couverture Médicale Universelle Complémentaire, CMUC), a free supplemental insurance for low-income earners <60 years of age, on treatment and outcomes of patients with AMI. The population comprised consecutive patients <60 years of age hospitalized for AMI from January to June 2006 in France. Of 4939 patients with AMI aged <60 years, 587 (12%) were on the CMUC. CMUC patients were younger, with more prior cardiovascular and comorbid conditions. CMUC and non-CMUC patients were admitted to the same types of institutions, including academic hospitals and private clinics. The use of cardiac catheterization and coronary interventions was similar (adjusted relative risk, 0.97; 95% confidence interval, 0.91–1.05;
P
=0.45). In-hospital mortality was also comparable (3.1% versus 2.8%,
P
=0.69). There was no difference in early use of secondary prevention medications after multivariate adjustment. At 30 months, survival and acute coronary syndrome–free survival were lower in CMUC patients (trend, not significant after adjustment). Long-term adherence to statin therapy was lower in CMUC patients (64% versus 77%; adjusted relative risk, 0.82; 95% confidence interval, 0.73–0.92).

Conclusions—
Free full coverage for socially deprived people levels inequalities in the acute and midterm treatment of AMI patients. However, full reimbursement per se is not sufficient to ensure optimal patient adherence to secondary prevention medications and may not be enough to prevent an excess of long-term events.
Prone and ECMO – a contradiction per se?
Authors: Litmathe J , Sucker C , Easo J , Wigger L , Dapunt O 
Published: October 2011

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) still represents a serious problem in clinical routine and is associated with a high mortality. Several concepts are known for special treatment, but, in some instances, the application of an extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is necessary for both the improvement of oxygenation and the elimination of carbon dioxide (CO2). One basic aspect in lung protective ventilation in this context is alveolar recruitment, which can be achieved by different approaches, such as “the open lung concept”, according to Lachmann, or by additional kinetic therapy. The most exposed feature of this entity is ‘prone’, which may be quite challenging in patients requiring extracorporeal support or organ replacement therapy under ongoing critical illness. We report two outstanding cases of prone under conditions of a veno-venous ECMO therapy which improved significantly under this position. Furthermore, we reflect critically possible risk factors and adverse events of such procedures and afford a current view from the literature.