bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Food choices and health during military service: increases in sugar- and fibre-containing foods and changes in anthropometric and clinical risk factors
Authors: Bingham Clarissa M L , Lahti-Koski Marjaana , Absetz Pilvikki , Puukka Pauli , Kinnunen Marja , Pihlajamäki Harri , Sahi Timo , Uutela Antti , Jallinoja Piia 
Published: December 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo analyse changes in food choices, diet-related risk factors and their association during 6 months of military service.DesignLongitudinal cohort study in Finland, where all men are liable to military service and a clear majority of each age group completes service. Dietary intake data were collected by self-administered questionnaire before and at 6 months of service. Three dietary indices based on food frequencies were developed to characterize the diet: Sugar Index, Fibre Index and Fat Index. Thirteen diet-related risk factors were measured at the beginning and at 6 months of service.SettingMilitary environment, two geographically distinct garrisons.SubjectsMale conscripts aged 18–21 years (n 256) performing military service.ResultsDuring 6 months of service, positive changes concerned more frequent use of fibre-rich foods (P = 0·011), improved body composition (BMI, waist circumference, muscle mass, fat mass and percentage body fat, P ≤ 0·003 for all), decreased systolic blood pressure and increased HDL cholesterol (P < 0·001 for both). Negative changes concerned more frequent use of sugar-rich foods and increased total cholesterol, TAG and blood glucose (P < 0·001 for all). The consumption of fibre-rich foods was inversely associated with anthropometric risk factors at baseline and with sugar-rich foods at both time points.ConclusionsDespite more frequent consumption of sweet foods, military service with a unified, nutritionally planned diet, a controlled environment and high physical load has a positive effect on conscripts’ health risk factors. The negative changes in blood lipids and glucose may reflect more varied free-time eating.
High‐speed imaging of Strombolian explosions: The ejection velocity of pyroclasts
Authors: Taddeucci J. , Scarlato P. , Capponi A. , Del Bello E. , Cimarelli C. , Palladino D. M. , Kueppers U. 
Published: December 2011

Explosive volcanic eruptions are defined as the violent ejection of gas and hot fragments from a vent in the Earth's crust. Knowledge of ejection velocity is crucial for understanding and modeling relevant physical processes of an eruption, and yet direct measurements are still a difficult task with largely variable results. Here we apply pioneering high‐speed imaging to measure the ejection velocity of pyroclasts from Strombolian explosive eruptions with an unparalleled temporal resolution. Measured supersonic velocities, up to 405 m/s, are twice higher than previously reported for such eruptions. Individual Strombolian explosions include multiple, sub‐second‐lasting ejection pulses characterized by an exponential decay of velocity. When fitted with an empirical model from shock‐tube experiments literature, this decay allows constraining the length of the pressurized gas pockets responsible for the ejection pulses. These results directly impact eruption modeling and related hazard assessment, as well as the interpretation of geophysical signals from monitoring networks.
Adipoparacrinology – vascular periadventitial adipose tissue (tunica adiposa) as an example
Authors: Chaldakov George N , Beltowsky Jerzy , Ghenev Peter I , Fiore Marco , Panayotov Plamen , Rančič Gorana , Aloe Luigi 
Published: December 2011

AbstractHuman adipose tissue is partitioned into two large depots (subcutaneous and visceral), and many small depots associated with internal organs, e.g. heart, blood vessels, major lymph nodes, pancreas, prostate gland and ovaries. Since the adipose ‘Big Bang’ led to the discovery of leptin (Zhang, Proenca, Maffei, Barone, Leopold and Friedman, Nature 1994;372:425–32), adipose tissue has been seen not merely as a lipid store, but as a secretory – endocrine and paracrine – organ, particularly in the pathogenesis of a number of diseases. Accordingly, two major sub‐fields of adipobiology have emerged, viz. adipoendocrinology and adipoparacrinology, the latter herein being illustrated by PAAT (periadventitial adipose tissue) in vascular walls. A long‐standing paradigm holds that the vascular wall consists of three coats, tunica intima, tunica media and tunica adventitia. It is now imperative that ‘to further elucidate vascular function, we should no longer, as hitherto, separate adventitia and PAAT from the vascular wall, but keep them attached and in place, and subject to thorough examination’ (Chaldakov, Fiore, Ghenev, Stankulov and Aloe, Int Med J 2000;7:43–9; Chaldakov, Stankulov and Aloe, Atherosclerosis 2001;154:237–8; Chaldakov GN, Stankulov IS, Fiore M, Ghenev PI and Aloe L, Atherosclerosis 2001;159:57–66). From the available data, we propose that it is time to rethink about vascular wall composition, and suggest that the PAAT may be considered the fourth and outermost vascular coat, hence, tunica adiposa (regarding the proximal segment of coronary artery, it is the innermost part of the EAT (epicardial adipose tissue) situated around the coronary adventitia). Its significance in the pathogenesis and therapy of CMDs (cardiometabolic diseases), particularly atherosclerosis and hypertension, requires further basic, translational and clinical studies.
Protein dynamical transition at 110 K
Authors: Kim Chae Un , Tate Mark W. , Gruner Sol M. 
Published: December 2011

Proteins are known to undergo a dynamical transition at around 200 K but the underlying mechanism, physical origin, and relationship to water are controversial. Here we report an observation of a protein dynamical transition as low as 110 K. This unexpected protein dynamical transition precisely correlated with the cryogenic phase transition of water from a high-density amorphous to a low-density amorphous state. The results suggest that the cryogenic protein dynamical transition might be directly related to the two liquid forms of water proposed at cryogenic temperatures.
The impact of changes in North Atlantic Gyre distribution on water mass characteristics in the Rockall Trough
Authors: Sherwin Toby J. , Read Jane F. , Holliday N. Penny , Johnson Clare 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
Sherwin, T. J., Read, J. F., Holliday, N. P., and Johnson, C. 2012. The impact of changes in North Atlantic Gyre distribution on water mass characteristics in the Rockall Trough. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 69: 751–757. Regular time-series of temperature and salinity in the upper waters of the northern Rockall Trough can be traced back to 1948, when Ocean Weather Ships on passage to the west began to record them. Since 1975, these data have been complemented by, then replaced by, dedicated Conductivity, Temperature, and Depth sections along 57.5°N. Today, they are enhanced with real-time observations of the upper 1000 m made by an underwater glider. Since 1995, there has been a steady increase in both temperature (from 9.1 to 10°C) and salinity (from 35.32 to 35.41) as the Subpolar Gyre has retreated west. The historical record suggests that such increases could be compatible with decadal scales of natural variability. Nutrient (nitrate, phosphate, and silicate) concentrations have been measured systematically since 1996 and exhibit interannual variability, particularly in nitrate, the causes of which are not immediately clear. Average phosphate concentrations in the upper 800 m declined from 0.80 to 0.63 μM by 2009, consistent with the recent incursion of depleted Subtropical Gyre water. The Ellett Line dataset contains a unique and essential archive of observations that can be used to place in context the recent changes in local ocean climate.
First Report of Apple mosaic virus in Alaska
Authors: Robertson N. L. 
Published: December 2011

Apple mosaic virus (ApMV; family Bromoviridae, genus Ilarvirus) is one of the oldest and most economically important viruses of apples (Malus × domestica Borkh.) (1,3). Yield losses may vary from negligible to as much as 50%, depending on the affected cultivar. Although ApMV is found worldwide and occurs naturally in more than 65 plant species (1), it has not been reported to occur in Alaska. In July 2011, noticeably bright yellow mosaic leaves were observed on apple ‘Valentine’ and its rootstalk ‘Ranetka’ from an apple orchard in Wasilla, AK. Leaves were collected and assayed by reverse transcription (RT)-PCR using ApMV-specific primers (2) and total RNA extracted with buffer modifications to RNeasy Plant Mini Kit (Qiagen, Valencia, CA). Briefly, 50 mg of leaf tissue was ground in liquid nitrogen and 450 μl of SE buffer (0.14 M NaCl, 2 mM KCl, 2 mM KH2PO4, 8 mM Na2HPO4·2H2O [pH 7.4], 0.05% vol/vol Tween-20, 2% wt/vol polyvinylpyrrolidone 40, 0.2% wt/vol ovalbumin, 0.5% wt/vol bovine serum albumin, and 0.05% wt/vol sodium azide) was added, and after vigorous vortexing, 80 μl of the mixture was added to 400 μl of RLT buffer supplied by the kit and then processed as directed by the manufacturer (4). Direct sequencing of the predicted ~260-bp PCR product resulted in 97 to 98% nucleotide identities to ApMV accessions in GenBank when analyzed by BLAST. To determine the distribution and incidence of infection in the Wasilla orchard, all 118 apple trees (99 cultivars) were then sampled and assayed serologically by double-antibody sandwich-ELISA with ApMV antiserum according to the manufacturer's protocol (Agdia, Inc., Elkhart, IN). Apple ‘Geneva Early’ and the same ‘Valentine’ tree and its rootstock tested positive for ApMV by ELISA and RT-PCR. Strong diagnostic ApMV symptoms were not apparent on the infected ‘Geneva Early’, which is typical for most commercially grown apples. No leaves were available on the ‘Ranetka' rootstock of ApMV-infected ‘Geneva Early’ for virus indexing. An additional 21 apple trees with no symptoms from an orchard in Talkeetna, AK tested negative to ApMV by ELISA. Limited natural spread of ApMV to other plants may be by pollen and seed transmission. The most prevalent mode of transmission is from ApMV-infected rootstock and grafts. It is important to obtain new propagation plant material from certified virus tested nurseries and to avoid grafting plant material containing ApMV. To my knowledge, this is the first report of ApMV in Alaska. References: (1) R. W. Fulton. No. 83. CMI/AAB Descriptions of Plant Viruses. 1972. (2) W. Menzel et al. J. Virol. Methods 99:81, 2002. (3) M. J. Roossinck et al. Virus Taxonomy. Eight Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, 1049, 2005. (4) J. Thompson et al. J. Virol. Methods 111:85, 2003.
Time‐series Analysis of Ondansetron Use in Pediatric Gastroenteritis
Authors: Freedman Stephen B. , Tung Connie , Cho Dennis , Rumantir Maggie , Chan Kevin J. 
Published: December 2011

ABSTRACTObjective:Emergency department use of ondansetron in children with gastroenteritis is increasing; however, its effect on clinical outcomes is unknown. We aimed to determine whether increasing ondansetron usage is associated with improved outcomes in children with gastroenteritis.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted at The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada. Eligible children included those younger than 18 years old with gastroenteritis who presented to an emergency department between 2003 and 2008. There were 22,125 potentially eligible visits; 20% were selected at random for chart review. The primary outcome measure, the intravenous rehydration rate, was evaluated using an interrupted time‐series analysis with segmented logistic regression. Secondary outcomes included emergency department revisits, hospitalization, and length of stay.Results:A total of 3508 patient visits were included in the final analysis. During the study period, there was a significant reduction in intravenous rehydration usage (27%–13%; P < 0.001) and an increase in ondansetron administration (1%–18%; P < 0.001). Time‐series analysis demonstrated a level break (P = 0.03) following the introduction of ondansetron. The mean length of stay for children declined from 8.6 ± 3.4 to 5.9 ± 2.8 hours, P = 0.03. During the week following the index visit, there was a reduction in return visits (18%–13%; P = 0.008) and need for intravenous rehydration (7%–4%; P = 0.02).Conclusions:Ondansetron use has increased significantly and is associated with reductions in the use of intravenous rehydration, emergency department revisits, and length of stay. The selective use of ondansetron is associated with improved clinical outcomes.
Postoperative Complications Following Colectomy for Ulcerative Colitis in Children
Authors: Soon Ing Shian , Wrobel Iwona , de Bruyn Jennifer C.C. , Sauve Reg , Sigalet David L. , Kaplan Belle S. , Proulx Marie‐Claude , Kaplan Gilaad G. 
Published: December 2011

ABSTRACTBackground and Aims:Colectomy rates for ulcerative colitis (UC) and data on postcolectomy complications in children are limited. Thus, we assessed colectomy rates, early postcolectomy complications, and clinical predictors in children with UC undergoing a colectomy.Methods:Children (18 years old or older) with UC who underwent colectomy from 1983 to 2009 were identified (n = 30). All of the medical charts were reviewed. The diagnostic accuracy of International Classification of Diseases codes for UC and colectomy were validated. The primary outcome was postoperative complications defined as Clavien‐Dindo classification grade II or higher. The yearly incidence of colectomies for pediatric UC was calculated and temporal trends were evaluated.Results:The sensitivity and positive predictive value of UC and colectomy International Classification of Diseases codes were 96% and 100%, respectively. The median ages at UC diagnosis and colectomy were 10.9 and 12.1 years, respectively. All of the children had pancolitis and 63% underwent emergent colectomy. Postoperatively, 33% experienced at least 1 complication. Patients with emergent colectomy were more likely to have a postoperative complication compared with patients with elective colectomy (90% vs 50%; P = 0.03). For emergent colectomy, postoperative complications were associated with a disease flare of ≥2 weeks before admission (60% vs 0%; P = 0.03) and >2 weeks from admission to colectomy (78% vs 22%; P = 0.04). The average annual rate of pediatric colectomy was 0.059/100,000 person‐years and stable from 1983 to 2009 (P > 0.05).Conclusions:Colectomy UC was uncommon and rates have remained stable. Postcolectomy complications were common, especially in patients undergoing emergent colectomy. Optimizing timing of colectomy may reduce postoperative complications.
Identification of a Protein Network Interacting with TdRF1, a Wheat RING Ubiquitin Ligase with a Protective Role against Cellular Dehydration
Authors: Guerra Davide , Mastrangelo Anna Maria , Lopez-Torrejon Gema , Marzin Stephan , Schweizer Patrick , Stanca Antonio Michele , del Pozo Juan Carlos , Cattivelli Luigi , Mazzucotelli Elisabetta 
Published: December 2011

AbstractPlants exploit ubiquitination to modulate the proteome with the final aim to ensure environmental adaptation and developmental plasticity. Ubiquitination targets are specifically driven to degradation through the action of E3 ubiquitin ligases. Genetic analyses have indicated wide functions of ubiquitination in plant life; nevertheless, despite the large number of predicted E3s, only a few of them have been characterized so far, and only a few ubiquitination targets are known. In this work, we characterized durum wheat (Triticum durum) RING Finger1 (TdRF1) as a durum wheat nuclear ubiquitin ligase. Moreover, its barley (Hordeum vulgare) homolog was shown to protect cells from dehydration stress. A protein network interacting with TdRF1 has been defined. The transcription factor WHEAT BEL1-TYPE HOMEODOMAIN1 (WBLH1) was degraded in a TdRF1-dependent manner through the 26S proteasome in vivo, the mitogen-activated protein kinase TdWNK5 [for Triticum durum WITH NO LYSINE (K)5] was able to phosphorylate TdRF1 in vitro, and the RING-finger protein WHEAT VIVIPAROUS-INTERACTING PROTEIN2 (WVIP2) was shown to have a strong E3 ligase activity. The genes coding for the TdRF1 interactors were all responsive to cold and/or dehydration stress, and a negative regulative function in dehydration tolerance was observed for the barley homolog of WVIP2. A role in the control of plant development was previously known, or predictable based on homology, for wheat BEL1-type homeodomain1(WBLH1). Thus, TdRF1 E3 ligase might act regulating the response to abiotic stress and remodeling plant development in response to environmental constraints.
Ovomucoid (Gal d 1) specific IgE detected by microarray system predict tolerability to boiled hen's egg and an increased risk to progress to multiple environmental allergen sensitisation
Authors: Alessandri C. , Zennaro D. , Scala E. , Ferrara R. , Bernardi M. Livia , Santoro M. , Palazzo P. , Mari A. 
Published: December 2011

SummaryBackgroundEgg allergy is a very common finding in early childhood. Detecting hen's egg (HE) allergy outgrowing and reintroduction of food containing egg is a task for the allergist.ObjectiveWe sought to evaluate the suitability of boiled egg food challenge compared with IgE to allergenic molecules from HE white using a microarray system.MethodSixty‐eight children referring to our centre by the family paediatricians for a suspected egg allergy were enrolled. Patients underwent double‐blind, placebo‐controlled food challenge with boiled and raw eggs. Challenge outcomes were compared with skin tests performed using egg white and yolk commercial extracts, to prick‐prick test with boiled and raw egg white and yolk, total IgE, egg white specific IgE detected using ImmunoCAP and IgE to egg allergens available on the immunosolid phase allergen chip (ISAC) 103 microarray.ResultNineteen subjects (28%) were reactive to both raw and boiled egg, 14 (20.5%) to raw egg only and 35 (51.4%) tolerated both boiled and raw egg. Efficiency analysis was carried out using both raw and boiled egg challenges as gold standard. Forty four of 47 Gal d 1 negative patients tolerated boiled egg (94%). Conversely, 20 of 21 Gal d 1 positive patients reacted to raw egg (95%). None of the other tests was able to discriminate patients’ response to HE challenge. Furthermore, Gal d 1 positivity seems to lead to broader environmental allergen IgE sensitization.Conclusion and Clinical RelevanceThe Gal d 1 IgE reactivity appears to be a very good predictor of HE clinical allergy. Gal d 1 positive children have a high frequency of HE allergy, whereas Gal d 1 negative children have a high frequency of tolerance to boiled egg. Multiple specific IgE detection by means of ISAC improves the diagnostic approach in HE allergic children, disclosing other food and inhalant allergic sensitizations, anyhow requiring a comprehensive clinical evaluation.
Classical lobular breast carcinoma consistently lacks topoisomerase‐IIα gene amplification: implications for the tailored use of anthracycline‐based chemotherapies
Authors: Brunello Eleonora , Brunelli Matteo , Manfrin Erminia , Nottegar Alessia , Bersani Samantha , Vergine Marco , Molino Annamaria , Fiorio Elena , Chilosi Marco , Gobbo Stefano , Martignoni Guido , Bonetti Franco 
Published: December 2011

Brunello E, Brunelli M, Manfrin E, Nottegar A, Bersani S, Vergine M, Molino A, Fiorio E, Chilosi M, Gobbo S, Martignoni G & Bonetti F  (2012) Histopathology 60, 482–488 Classical lobular breast carcinoma consistently lacks topoisomerase‐IIα gene amplification: implications for the tailored use of anthracycline‐based chemotherapies [Correction added after online publication, 17 January 2012: Title amended to match main article title.]Aims:  There is consistent lack of data focusing the topoisomerase‐IIα gene status in lobular breast carcinoma, a subtype that usually shows poor responsiveness to chemotherapies including those using anthracycline drugs.Methods and results:  Forty‐six infiltrative lobular carcinomas, 13 with matched metastases, were used. Topoisomerase‐IIα gene amplification was evaluated by chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). We also assessed Her2/neu status by CISH, FISH and silver in situ hybridization (SISH). HER2 immunoexpression was assessed by the HercepTest. Forty‐four of 46 (95%) cases revealed no topoisomerase‐IIα amplification, whereas two of 46 (5%) cases were amplified by all three techniques. Eleven of the 13 metastatic sites showed no amplification either in the primary or in the metastases (85%); the remaining two were amplified (15%). Her2/neu was not amplified in 44 of 46 (95%) cases nor was it amplified in 11 of 13 (95%) metastatic tissues. The two cases showing Her2/neu and topoisomerase‐IIα amplification scored 3+; the remaining non‐amplified cases scored 0 or 1+ in 40 and 2+ in four cases.Conclusions:  In the era of personalized and tailored therapies, we suggest that patients affected by the classical lobular subtype of breast carcinoma constantly lack the ad hoc predictive rationale for receiving common chemotherapy that includes anthracyclines.
Validation of a new assessment tool for qualitative research articles
Authors: Schou Lone , Høstrup Helle , Lyngsø Elin Egholm , Larsen Susan , Poulsen Ingrid 
Published: December 2011

schou l., høstrup h., lyngsø e.e., larsen s. & poulsen i. (2012) Validation of a new assessment tool for qualitative research articles. Journal of Advanced Nursing68(9), 2086–2094.AbstractAim.  This paper presents the development and validation of a new assessment tool for qualitative research articles, which could assess trustworthiness of qualitative research articles as defined by Guba and at the same time aid clinicians in their assessment.Background.  There are more than 100 sets of proposals for quality criteria for qualitative research. However, we are not aware of an assessment tool that is validated and applicable, not only for researchers but also for clinicians with different levels of training and experience in reading research articles.Method.  In three phases from 2007 to 2009 we delevoped and tested such an assessment tool called VAKS, which is the Danish acronym for Appraisal of Qualitative Studies. Phase 1 was to develop the tool based on a literature review and on consultation with qualitative researchers. Phase 2 was an inter‐rater reliability test in which 40 health professionals participated. Phase 3 was an inter‐rater reliability test among the five authors by means of five qualitative articles.Results.  The new assessment tool was based on Guba’s four criteria for assessing the trustworthiness of qualitative inquiries. The nurses found the assessment tool simple to use and helpful in assessing the quality of the articles. The inter‐rater agreement was acceptable, but disagreement was seen for some items.Conclusion.  We have developed an assessment tool for appraisal of qualitative research studies. Nurses with a range of formal education and experience in reading research articles are able to appraise, relatively consistently, articles based on different qualitative research designs. We hope that VAKS will be used and further developed.