bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Remarks to the validity of Genbank sequences of Myxobolus spp. (Myxozoa, Myxosporidae) infecting Eurasian fishes
Authors: Molnár Kálmán 
Published: August 2011

AbstractOf the 850 known Myxobolus spp., 89 named species have DNA (in most cases 18S rDNA) sequences deposited in the Genbank. Only a part of the deposited sequences represent well identified samples collected from adequate organs of the original hosts. Some of the samples were collected from additional hosts or from fishes genetically far standing from the type-host. In the paper, reliability of sequences of some best known Myxobolus spp., deposited in the Genbank from freshwater fishes of Eurasia’s Palaearctic Region, are surveyed. Genbank sequences are classified into three groups. Sequences obtained from morphologically well characterised Myxobolus spp., which were collected from the type hosts, compose the group of valid sequences. To the group of probable valid sequences belong samples from spores morphologically corresponding to the original description, but collected from fishes closely related to the type-host; while sequences obtained from hosts genetically far standing from the type-hosts represent the category of the un-valid group.
Phylogenetic studies explain the discrepant host distribution of Allopodocotyle heronensis sp. nov. (Digenea, Opecoelidae) in Great Barrier Reef serranids
Authors: Downie Abigail , Cribb Thomas 
Published: August 2011

AbstractWe report a new species of Allopodocotyle Pritchard, 1966 from the intestine of two species of Serranidae, Cromileptes altivelis and Epinephelus fuscoguttatus, from the southern Great Barrier Reef. Despite the examination of eight other species of Epinephelus from the same region this species appears anomalous in its distribution in one species of Epinephelus and the single species of Cromileptes. Molecular phylogenetic studies of the Epinephelinae suggest, however, that these two species are closely related so that the host specificity demonstrated by this species is actually stenoxenic (phylogenetically related hosts) rather than euryxenic.
Aerodynamic and thermal characteristics of a maxwell type vortex tube
Authors: Rahman S. , Mujumdar A. 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
A three-dimensional (3D) computational fluid dynamic simulation of a vortex tube is carried out to examine its flow and thermal characteristics. The aim of this work is to model the performance of the vortex tube and to capture the highly swirling compressible flow behavior inside the tube for an understanding of the well known temperature separation process. Simulations were carried out using the standard k-ɛ, k-omega, RNG k-ɛ and swirl RNG k-ɛk-ɛ turbulence models. An experimental setup was built and tested to validate the simulation results. The RNG k-ɛ turbulence model yielded better agreement between the numerical predictions and experimental data. This model captured well the essential features of the flow including formation of the outer vortex and the inner reverse vortex flow. Flow and geometric parameters that affect the flow behavior and energy separation are studied numerically. Effects of the inlet pressure, with and without an insert in the tube, are examined by numerical experiments.
Free Light Chains of Immunoglobulin as a Prognostic Factor for Some Plasmaproliferative Diseases
Authors: Mijušković Zoran , Radović Vesna , Pejović Janko , Tukić Ljiljana , Marjanović Slobodan , Stojanović Jelica 
Published: August 2011

Free Light Chains of Immunoglobulin as a Prognostic Factor for Some Plasmaproliferative DiseasesQuantitation of monoclonal immunoglobulins and their fragments is used for monitoring the plasmaproliferative disease course and the effect of therapy. The aim of free light chains examination was to evaluate the significance of the FLC ratio as a prognostic factor for remission, progression and survival in different disease groups. The concentrations of immunoglobulins and free light chains were measured by an immunonephelometric method on a »SIEMENS« DADE BN II analyser with reagents (Freelite, The Binding Site, UK). In this examination 151 patients from 3 different disease groups: 1. Light chain disease or Bence Jones myeloma (37), 2. Biclonal gammopathy with FLC (23) and 3. Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (91), were investigated during a period of 7 years. The reference interval for FLC ratio is 0.26-1.65. According to the International Staging System for multiple myeloma, a serum FLC ratio of <0.03 or >32 was taken as abnormal. The patients with light chain disease and biclonal gammopathy with FLC with an abnormal FLC ratio and a combination of adverse risk factors (76.7%) had median survival times of 22-30 months, versus patients with a normal or slightly varied FLC ratio without adverse risk factors (23.3%) with median survival times of 39-51 months. About 38% of patients who had shown lowered free light chains values by more than 50% under therapy, achieved disease remission in the light chain disease and biclonal gammopathy with FLC groups. In the group of patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, 66.0% had a normal or slightly modified FLC ratio which corresponds to low and low-intermediate risk of disease progression, as opposed to 34.0% with an abnormal FLC ratio (<0.25 or >4) which corresponds to high and high-intermediate risk. An abnormal FLC ratio in the examined groups could be an independent risk factor for progression and poorer disease prognosis.
Effects of DI-(2-Ethylhexyl) Phthalate on Rat Ovarian Function
Authors: Xu Cheng-kang , Wang Xiao-hong , Tang Shuang-bo 
Published: August 2011

Effects of DI-(2-Ethylhexyl) Phthalate on Rat Ovarian FunctionThis study aimed to evaluate the effects of di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) on estrous cycle, sex hormone levels and ovary histological features. A total of 80 female SD rats were randomly divided into 8 groups (n=10 per group): short-course control group, short-course low-dose group, short-course medium-dose group, and short-course high-dose group, long-course control group, long-course low-dose group, long-course medium-dose group and long-course high-dose group. Intragastrical DEHP was administrated at 1000 mg/kg/d (low dose), 2000 mg/kg/d (medium dose) and 3000 mg/kg/d (high dose) independently for 14 days (short course) or 28 days (long course). Rats in control groups were untreated. Vaginal smearing was used to detect the estrous cycle and rats were weighed at every Monday and Thursday to evaluate the growth status. At the end of study, rats were sacrificed and bilateral ovaries were obtained for histological examination. In addition, ELISA determined levels of serum progesterone, estradiol, testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone. DEHP treatment limited body weight gain (p<0.05), prolonged the estrous cycle (p<0.05), decreased the ovarian mass index (p<0.05) and ovarian weight. No evident degeneration, necrosis or other pathological features were found in the ovaries. The testosterone levels were decreased by DEHP treatment in a dose dependent manner. DEHP treatment could increase serum testosterone level, inhibit ovulation and prolong the estrous cycle of rats, exerting reproductive toxicity in a dose dependent manner. We speculate DEHP can affect the endocrine regulatory function of the ovary and limit the body weight gain, resulting in chronic toxicity.
Cardiovascular Mortality in Hemodialysis Patients: Clinical and Epidemiological Analysis
Authors: Petrović Dejan , Obrenović Radmila , Trbojević-Stanković Jasna , Majkić-Singh Nada , Stojimirović Biljana 
Published: August 2011

Cardiovascular Mortality in Hemodialysis Patients: Clinical and Epidemiological AnalysisCardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in hemodialysis (HD) patients. The annual cardiovascular mortality rate in these patients is 9%, with left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy, ischemic heart disease and heart failure being the most prevalent causes of death. The aim of this study was to determine the cardiovascular mortality rate and estimate the influence of risk factors on cardiovascular mortality in HD patients. A total of 115 patients undergoing HD for at least 6 months were investigated. Initially a cross-sectional study was performed, followed by a two-year follow-up study. Beside the standard biochemical parameters, C-reactive protein (CRP), homocysteine, cardiac troponins (cTn) and the echocardiographic parameters of LV morphology and function (LV mass index, LV fractional shortening, LV ejection fraction) were determined. Results were analyzed using Cox regression analysis, Kaplan-Meier and Log-Rank tests. The average one-year cardiovascular mortality rate was 8.51%. Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified increased CRP, cTn T and I, and LV mass index as independent risk factors for cardiovascular mortality. Patients with cTnT > 0.10 ng/mL and CRP > 10 mg/L had significantly higher cardiovascular mortality risk (p < 0.01) than patients with cTnT > 0.10 ng/mL and CRP ≤ 10 mg/L and those with cTnT ≤ 0.10 ng/mL and CRP ≤ 10 mg/L (p < 0.01). HD patients with high cTnT and CRP have a higher cardiovascular mortality risk.
Cellular immune response of pigeons in the conditions of endotoxin fever and pyrogenic tolerance
Authors: Dudek K. , Bednarek D. 
Published: August 2011

Cellular immune response of pigeons in the conditions of endotoxin fever and pyrogenic toleranceThe aim of this study was to investigate changes in selected parameters of cellular immune response in the conditions of endotoxin fever and pyrogenic tolerance in pigeons. On the first day of observation the experimental birds (n=18) were intravenously injected withEscherichia coliLPS at a dose of 10 μg/kg b.w., while the control animals (n=6) received apyrogenic physiological saline also in the form of injection. On the second and the third day of the experiment LPS was injected additionally at 24 h intervals. Four and a half hours after the saline and pyrogen administration blood samples were collected from the control and experimental pigeons. The following immunological assays were performed: WBC, leucogram and immunophenotyping of lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood, i.e. CD 3+(T lymphocytes), CD 4+(T helper lymphocytes) and CD 8+(T suppressor/ cytotoxic lymphocytes) cells. In the conditions of endotoxin fever (i.e. after the first LPS injection) leucopenia, monocytopenia, heterophilia and eosinophilia were observed. Additionally, the immunophenotyping of peripheral blood lymphocytes indicated an increase in percentage of CD 3+, CD 4+and CD 8+cells in response to the single injection of LPS. In contrast, the consecutive injections of LPS, which created a pyrogenic tolerance effect, caused a decrease in WBC value, heteropenia, eosinopenia and lymphocytosis. Moreover, during this state an increase in percentage of CD 3+and CD 8+cells was demonstrated in contrast to the percentage of CD 4+lymphocytes. The general tendencies in cellular immune response of the affected pigeons in the conditions of endotoxin fever and pyrogenic tolerance aim at activation of defence mechanisms against LPS for its prompt elimination from the animal's organism.
A survey of anti-Ostertagia ostertagii antibody levels in bulk tank milk samples (BTM) in dairy herds in Lower Silesia Region (Poland)
Authors: Płoneczka-Janeczko K. , Piekarska J. , Rypuła K. , Mazurkiewicz M. 
Published: August 2011

A survey of anti-Ostertagia ostertagii antibody levels in bulk tank milk samples (BTM) in dairy herds in Lower Silesia Region (Poland)
This work presents serological evidence of cattle ostertagiosis in the Lower Silesia Region (Poland), based on the measurement of antibodies in bulk tank milk (BTM) samples. It represents the first evidence of this parasite examined with the use of the ELISA test and milk samples in Poland. The prevalence of Ostertagia ostertagii antibodies was determined in BTM from 32 dairy cattle herds. Antibodies to O. ostertagii were demonstrated in all herds. The optical density ratio (ODR) varied from -0.088 to 1.024. The mean ODR value in the examined region was 0.53.
Isolation of an atypical pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 in Poland
Authors: Śmietanka K. , Minta Z. 
Published: August 2011

Isolation of an atypical pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 in Poland
In this study, a pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 (PPMV-1) isolated from a flock of ornamental pigeons in Poland in 2010 is described. The PPMV-1/Poland/H2/10 isolate showed the amino acid sequence at the cleavage site of F2/F1 112KRQKRF117 i.e. typical of virulent strains. Despite having the monoclonal antibody binding pattern typical of pigeon variants PPMV-1 (antigenic group "P"), the Polish isolate clustered into genetic sublineage 4a, which is usually associated with PMV-1 isolated from poultry.
Treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in dogs and cats
Authors: Malewska K. , Rychlik A. , Nieradka R. , Kander M. 
Published: August 2011

Treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in dogs and catsThe treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) possesses numerous difficulties owing to the unclear etiology of the disease. This article overviews the drugs used in the treatment of IBD depending on the intensity of clinical symptoms (Canine Inflammatory Bowel Disease Activity Index and Canine Chronic Enterophaty Clinical Activity Index). Patients demonstrating mild symptoms of the disease are usually placed on an appropriate diet which may be combined with immunomodulative or probiotic treatment. In moderate progression of IBD, 5-aminosalicylic acid (mesalazine or olsalazine) derivatives may be administered. Patients showing severe symptoms of the disease are usually treated with immunosuppressive drugs, antibiotics and elimination diet. Since the immune system plays an important role in the pathogenesis of the disease, the advancements in biological therapy research will contribute to the progress in the treatment of canine and feline IBD in the coming years.
The influence of porcine pancreas digestion parameters and islet histomorphology on islet isolation outcome
Authors: Kinasiewicz J. , Sabat M. , Antosiak-Iwańska M. , Godlewska E. , Sitarek E. , Orłowski T. 
Published: August 2011

The influence of porcine pancreas digestion parameters and islet histomorphology on islet isolation outcomeTransplantation of the pig islets of Langerhans is considered as the future treatment for patients suffering from type Idiabetes mellitus. Despite the adaptation of modified Ricordi method and highly purified collagenase, the results of pancreas digestions are precarious. Selection of proper donor and optimal digestion procedure are fundamental. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of pancreas procuring parameters on pig islets yield. The pancreata were harvested from 69 market sows weighting over 150 kg. After intraductal injection of cold collagenase solution pancreata were transported in UW solution or under conditions of two layer method (TLM). In laboratory pancreata were digested at 37°C according to Ricordi isolation method or stationary in the bottle. The particular parameters of isolation procedure were considered as substantial. Pig weight, volume of infused collagenase solution, TLM application and pancreas dividing before digestion positively affected islet yield. Additionally, the influence of pancreatic islet tissue histomorphology on isolation outcome was studied. Proper donor selection as well as adequate digestion parameters could improve pig islet recovery during islet isolation.
Sustainable Development in Sweden – a success story
Authors: Ahlberg Malin 
Published: August 2011

Résumé En Suède, le terme de « développement durable » est bien connu et est souvent utilisé comme leitmotiv dans diverses parties de la société. Depuis la Conférence sur l’environnement et le développement à Rio en 1992, le développement durable est devenu de plus en plus indispensable aux débats politiques et est même devenu un argument crucial dans les décisions managériales du secteur privé. En raison de la tradition de consensus politique de la Suède et du grand investissement des groupes d’intérêt dans la prise de décision politique, l’idée de développement durable comme concept politique global est arrivée sur un terrain fertile.
Efficacy of Dapoxetine in the Treatment of Premature Ejaculation
Authors: McMahon Chris G. 
Published: August 2011

Introduction Premature ejaculation (PE) is a common male sexual disorder which is associated with substantial personal and interpersonal negative psychological factors. Pharmacotherapy of PE with off-label antidepressant SSRI drugs is common. Development and regulatory approval of drugs specifically for the treatment of PE will reduce reliance on off-label treatments and serve to fill a unmet treatment need. Aimml To review evidence supporting the efficacy and safety of dapoxetine in the treatment of PE. Methods MEDLINE and the proceedings of major international and regional scientific meetings during the period 1994-2010 were searched for publications or abstracts using the word dapoxetine in the title, abstract or keywords. This search was then manually cross-referenced for all papers. This review encompasses studies of dapoxetine pharmacokinetics, animal studies, human phase 1, 2 and 3 efficacy and safety studies and drug-interaction studies. Results Dapoxetine is a potent selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor, which is administered on-demand 1-3 hours prior to planned sexual contact. Dapoxetine is rapidly absorbed and eliminated, resulting in minimal accumulation and has dose-proportional pharmacokinetics, which are unaffected by multiple dosing. Dapoxetine 30 mg and 60 mg has been evaluated in 5 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies in 6081 men aged > 18 years. Outcome measures included stopwatch-measured intravaginal ejaculatory latency time (IELT), Premature Ejaculation Profile (PEP) inventory items, clinical global impression of change (CGIC) in PE, and adverse events. Mean IELT, all PEP items and CGIC improved significantly with both doses of dapoxetine vs. placebo (P < 0.001 for all). The most common treatment related adverse effects included nausea (11.0% for 30 mg, 22.2% for 60 mg), dizziness (586% for 30 mg, 10.9% for 60 mg), and headache (5.6% for 30 mg, 8.8% for 60 mg), and evaluation of validated rated scales demonstrated no SSRI class-related effects with dapoxetine use. Conclusion Dapoxetine, as the first drug developed for PE, is an effective and safe treatment for PE and represents a major advance in sexual medicine.
Some Remarks on the Algebraic Sum of Ideals and Riesz Subspaces
Authors: Wnuk Witold 
Published: August 2011

Abstract.Following ideas used by Drewnowski and Wilansky we prove that if I is an infinite dimensional and infinite codimensional closed ideal in a complete metrizable locally solid Riesz space and I does not contain any order copy of ℝN then there exists a closed, separable, discrete Riesz subspace G such that the topology induced on G is Lebesgue, I ∩ G = {0}, and I + G is not closed.
The 11-13+6 Weeks Scan: Where do We Stand? A 5-year Review at Fernandez Hospital
Authors: Vavilala Suseela , Geeta K 
Published: August 2011

ABSTRACT

Objective
To examine the clinical utility of 11-13+6 weeks scan for screening for chromosomal abnormalities and to assess the potential value of the same ultrasound examination in the early diagnosis of fetal structural anomalies.

Design
A prospective interventional study at Fetal Medicine Unit, Fernandez Hospital Pvt Ltd, a tertiary care perinatal center, Hyderabad, India, between September 2005 and March 2010.

Methods
All pregnant women < 13+6 weeks at booking are offered a routine obstetric scan between 11 and 13+6 weeks. All scans are done by obstetricians who are accredited by Fetal Medicine Foundation. All expectant mothers undergoing 11-13+6 weeks scan were included; all expectant mothers with antenatal booking after 14 weeks were excluded from the study.

Results
Between September 2005 and March 2010, a total of 11,012 scans were done between 11 and 13+6 weeks. Complete follow-up was available for 7,916 cases; 1,460 are ongoing pregnancies and 1,636 expectant mothers were lost to follow-up. The median maternal age in our population is 27 years and 340 (4.30%) mothers had advanced (> 35 years) maternal age. The median NT in our population is 1.58 mm. Increased nuchal translucency (NT > 95th percentile) was found in 362 (4.59%) scans. Miscarriages/abortions and termination of pregnancy were significantly higher in women whose fetus had an increased nuchal translucency thickness. Nuchal translucency thickness was significantly higher in women with advanced maternal age (ANOVA F = 0.002, Fishers exact test p-value for equality of medians = 0.04). Absent fetal nasal bones were present in 20 (5.57%) of women with increased NT compared to five (0.07%) women with normal NT. Among 7,916 women, 367 (4.64%) women were screen positive for chromosomal abnormalities. After counseling, only 40 screen-positive women accepted prenatal diagnostic procedures. Skull/brain abnormalities were found in 25 fetal images, abdominal abnormalities in 17, spinal abnormalities in eight, bladder abnormalities in five and cardiac abnormalities in five fetal images.

Conclusion
The 11-13+6 weeks ultrasound scan is an important diagnostic tool that should be offered to all pregnant women as a routine standard of antenatal care in the first trimester of pregnancy in India. However, as a screening tool, it mandates addition of cost-effective biochemical tests. To make the combined screening cost-effective, this study calls for making a national policy for Down's syndrome screening for India.
Analysis of 42 Cases of First Trimester Screening in a Private Set-up
Authors: Venkatraman Manasi , Dikshit Sameer , Gundavda Ketan 
Published: August 2011

ABSTRACTCombined NT and first trimester biochemistry for aneuploidy has become a standard practice. This study was conducted in a busy private clinic. The results of this study showed that this study can be successfully performed in a busy private clinic. The results of the combined screening match those of the conventional screening tests. Proper counseling help the women to take a decision towards invasive testing in screen positive cases.