bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of voriconazole hepatotoxicity in a lung transplant patient
Authors: Belaiche S. , Roustit M. , Bedouch P. , Quetant S. , Saint‐Raymond C. , Pison C. 
Published: December 2010

S. Belaiche, M. Roustit, P. Bedouch, S. Quetant, C. Saint‐Raymond, C. Pison. Management of voriconazole hepatotoxicity in a lung transplant patient. Transpl Infect Dis 2011: 13: 309–311. All rights reservedAbstract: Lung allograft airway colonization by Aspergillus species is common among lung transplant recipients. We report the case of a 46‐year‐old female lung transplant outpatient diagnosed with persistent pulmonary Aspergillus colonization (>50 colonies of Aspergillus terreus) 3 months after lung transplantation. Oral voriconazole 200 mg twice a day (b.i.d) was initiated shortly after diagnosis. Two days after voriconazole initiation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine transaminase (ALT), and aspartate transaminase (AST) were normal or slightly elevated (79, 37, and 21 UI/L, respectively). Ten days after the first voriconazole administration, these values started to increase. Maximum levels were reached after 20 days for ALP (369 UI/L) and at around 30 days for ALT and AST (223 and 188 UI/L, respectively). Instead of discontinuing antifungal therapy, it was decided to reduce the voriconazole dose to 100 mg b.i.d. This asymptomatic progressive cholestatic hepatitis resolved, and 10 days after dose reduction ALP, ALT, AST were at 136, 53, and 28 UI/L, respectively. Finally, therapeutic drug monitoring revealed adequate voriconazole plasma trough concentrations (0.98 mg/L) 30 days after dose reduction and no more colonies of Aspergillus were observed. Voriconazole‐induced hepatotoxicity is a well known dose‐dependent adverse drug reaction. This experience confirms the appropriateness of voriconazole dose reduction instead of therapy interruption in dose‐dependent moderate liver toxicity. Voriconazole therapeutic drug monitoring before and after dose reduction may help to avoid drug accumulation and inappropriately low drug exposure, respectively.
One‐year post‐hospital medical costs and relapse rates of bipolar disorder patients in Taiwan: a population‐based study
Authors: Tang Chao‐Hsiun , Hsieh Ming H , Hung Sheng‐Tzu , Lee I Hui , Lin Yung‐Jung , Yang Yen Kuang 
Published: December 2010

Tang C‐H, Hsieh MH, Hung S‐T, Lee IH, Lin Y‐J, Yang YK. One‐year post‐hospital medical costs and relapse rates of bipolar disorder patients in Taiwan: a population‐based study. Bipolar Disord 2010: 12: 859–865. © 2010 The Authors.  Journal compilation © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Objectives:  We examined a nationwide population‐based dataset of patients with bipolar disorder (BD) hospitalized in Taiwan, with our analyses focusing on one‐year medical costs and relapse rates.Methods:  The data for this study, covering the years 2006 and 2007, were obtained from the Taiwan National Health Insurance (NHI) claims database. The study sample comprised BD patients who were discharged from hospitals between January 1 and December 31, 2006. Annual medical costs and relapse rates were described; the Kaplan–Meier method and the generalized linear models were carried out to examine the risk factors associated with cases of relapse.Results:  The annual medical costs associated with relapses among the study sample were found to be approximately 7.6 times the average per‐capita NHI expenditure in Taiwan in 2006 (US$4,354 versus US$574), with a one‐year relapse rate of 55%. Those patients between 20 and 60 years old with a medication possession ratio of <80 and with depressive episodes during the recruitment period were identified as being at risk of relapse.Conclusion:  Bipolar disorder, which is a very costly disease, is associated with both poor medication adherence rates and frequent recurrences. Targeting drug adherence issues during maintenance treatment may well provide a valuable opportunity to reduce the risk of such recurrences.
Immune activation by casein dietary antigens in bipolar disorder
Authors: Severance Emily G , Dupont Didier , Dickerson Faith B , Stallings Cassie R , Origoni Andrea E , Krivogorsky Bogdana , Yang Shuojia , Haasnoot Willem , Yolken Robert H 
Published: December 2010

Severance EG, Dupont D, Dickerson FB, Stallings CR, Origoni AE, Krivogorsky B, Yang S, Haasnoot W, Yolken RH. Immune activation by casein dietary antigens in bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord 2010: 12: 834–842. © 2010 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Objectives:  Inflammation and other immune processes are increasingly linked to psychiatric diseases. Antigenic triggers specific to bipolar disorder are not yet defined. We tested whether antibodies to bovine milk caseins were associated with bipolar disorder, and whether patients recognized different epitopes of the casein protein than control individuals.Methods:  Anti‐bovine casein immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels were measured with solid‐phase immunoassays in 75 individuals with bipolar disorder and 65 controls. Epitope recognition was evaluated in immunoassays by cross neutralization with anti‐bovine casein polyclonal antibodies of defined reactivity. Group‐specific reactivity and associations with symptom severity scores were detected with age‐, gender‐, and race‐controlled regression models.Results:  Individuals with bipolar disorder had significantly elevated anti‐casein IgG (t‐test, p ≤ 0.001) compared to controls. Casein IgG seropositivity conferred odds ratios of 3.97 for bipolar disorder [n = 75, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.31–12.08, p ≤ 0.015], 5.26 for the bipolar I subtype (n = 56, 95% CI: 1.66–16.64, p ≤ 0.005), and 3.98 for bipolar disorder with psychosis (n = 54, 95% CI: 1.32–12.00, p ≤ 0.014). Lithium and/or antipsychotic medication did not significantly affect anti‐casein IgG levels. Casein IgG measures correlated with severity of manic (R2 = 0.15, 95% CI: 0.05–0.24, p ≤ 0.02) but not depressive symptoms. Unlike controls, sera from individuals with bipolar disorder did not inhibit binding of casein‐reactive animal sera (t‐test/χ2, p ≤ 0.0001).Conclusions:  Anti‐casein IgG associations with bipolar I diagnoses, psychotic symptom history, and mania severity scores suggest that casein‐related immune activation may relate to the psychosis and mania components of this mood disorder. Case‐control differences in epitope recognition implicate disease‐related alterations in how the casein molecule is digested and/or how resulting casein‐derived structures are rendered immunogenic.
Prefrontal and paralimbic metabolic dysregulation related to sustained attention in euthymic older adults with bipolar disorder
Authors: Brooks John O , Bearden Carrie E , Hoblyn Jennifer C , Woodard Stephanie A , Ketter Terence A 
Published: December 2010

Brooks JO III, Bearden CE, Hoblyn JC, Woodard SA, Ketter TA. Prefrontal and paralimbic metabolic dysregulation related to sustained attention in euthymic older adults with bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord 2010: 12: 866–874. © 2010 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Objective:  Reports of sustained attention deficits in the euthymic phase of bipolar disorder have been variable, and have yet to be related to cerebral metabolism. In the present study, we evaluated relationships between cognitive performance deficits and resting cerebral metabolism in euthymic older adults with bipolar disorder.Methods:  Sixteen older (mean age 58.7 years) euthymic outpatients with bipolar disorder (10 type I, 6 type II; 44% female) and 11 age‐matched healthy controls received resting positron emission tomography with 18fluorodeoxyglucose and, within 10 days, the Conners’ Continuous Performance Test‐II, a commonly used measure of sustained attention and inhibitory control.Results:  Bipolar disorder patients had significantly more omission errors (z = 2.53, p = 0.01) and a trend toward more commission errors (z = 1.83, p < 0.07) than healthy controls. Relative to healthy controls, among bipolar disorder subjects commission errors were more strongly related to inferior frontal gyrus [Brodmann area (BA) 45/47] hypometabolism and paralimbic hypermetabolism. In bipolar disorder subjects, relative to controls, omission errors were more strongly related to dorsolateral prefrontal (BA 9/10) hypometabolism and greater paralimbic, insula, and cingulate hypermetabolism.Conclusions:  In older adults with bipolar disorder, even during euthymia, resting‐state corticolimbic dysregulation was related to sustained attention deficits and inhibitory control, which could reflect the cumulative impact of repeated affective episodes upon cerebral metabolism and neurocognitive performance. The relative contributions of aging and recurrent affective episodes to these differences in bipolar disorder patients remain to be established.
Family‐based association analysis to finemap bipolar linkage peak on chromosome 8q24 using 2,500 genotyped SNPs and 15,000 imputed SNPs
Authors: Zhang Peng , Xiang Nan , Chen Yi , Śliwerska Elżbieta , McInnis Melvin G , Burmeister Margit , Zöllner Sebastian 
Published: December 2010

Zhang P, Xiang N, Chen Y, Śliwerska E, McInnis MG, Burmeister M, Zöllner S. Family‐based association analysis to finemap bipolar linkage peak on chromosome 8q24 using 2,500 genotyped SNPs and 15,000 imputed SNPs. Bipolar Disord 2010: 12: 786–792. © 2010 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Objective:  Multiple linkage and association studies have suggested chromosome 8q24 as a promising candidate region for bipolar disorder (BP). We performed a detailed association analysis assessing the contribution of common genetic variation in this region to the risk of BP.Methods:  We analyzed 2,756 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers in the chromosome 8q24 region of 3,512 individuals from 737 families. In addition, we extended genotype imputation methods to family‐based data and imputed 22,725 HapMap SNPs in the same region on 8q24. We applied a family‐based method to test 15,552 high‐quality genotyped or imputed SNPs for association with BP.Results:  Our association analysis identified the most significant marker (p = 4.80 × 10−5), near the gene encoding potassium voltage‐gated channel KQT‐like protein (KCNQ3). Other marginally significant markers were located near adenylate cyclase 8 (ADCY8) and ST3 beta‐galactoside alpha‐2,3‐sialyltransferase 1 (ST3GAL1).Conclusions:  We developed an approach to apply MACH imputation to family‐based data, which can increase the power to detect association signals. Our association results showed suggestive evidence of association of BP with loci near KCNQ3, ADCY8, and ST3GAL1. Consistent with genes identified by genome‐wide association studies for BP, our results suggest the involvement of ion channelopathy in BP pathogenesis. However, common variants are insufficient to explain linkage findings in 8q24; other genetic variation should be explored.
The influence of extracellular matrix proteins and mesenchymal stem cells on erythropoietic cell maturation
Authors: Lazar‐Karsten P. , Dorn I. , Meyer G. , Lindner U. , Driller B. , Schlenke P. 
Published: December 2010

Background and Objectives  As part of the bone marrow niche, cellular and acellular components like mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins influence human haematopoiesis. To identify factors able to improve the in vitro generation of red blood cells (RBCs), we investigated the effect of these factors on proliferation and differentiation of human haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) into erythroid cells.Material and Methods  Granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor–mobilized CD34+ HSCs were cultured for 16 days using an in vitro erythropoiesis assay as described previously (by our group). The HSCs were co‐cultured with MSCs in either direct or indirect contact and with different ECM proteins (fibronectin, laminin, collagen and a mixture of ECM proteins, called ECM gel).Results  Co‐culturing of HSCs with ECM gel improved cell viability, and the presence of laminin slightly increased the maturation into enucleated RBCs. HSC expansion could not be improved by addition of any of the ECM proteins investigated. In contrast, fibronectin inhibited erythroid formation. Co‐culturing of HSCs with MSCs generally stimulated cell viability and HSC proliferation, however, in favour of the myeloid lineage. In summary, of all investigated factors, only laminin and ECM gel had a supportive effect on RBC development under the described in vitro culture conditions.
In vitro effects on platelets irradiated with short‐wave ultraviolet light without any additional photoactive reagent using the THERAFLEX UV‐Platelets method
Authors: Sandgren P. , Tolksdorf F. , Struff W. G. , Gulliksson H. 
Published: December 2010

Background  A novel short‐wave ultraviolet light (UVC) pathogen reduction technology (THERAFLEX UV‐Platelets; MacoPharma, Mouvaux, France) without the need of any additional photoactive reagent has recently been evaluated for various bacteria and virus infectivity assays. The use of UVC alone has on the one hand been shown to reduce pathogens but may, on the other hand, have some impact on the platelet (PLT) quality. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential effects on PLT quality of pathogen inactivation treatment using the novel UVC method for PLT concentrates.Study Design and Methods  Buffy‐coat‐derived PLTs suspended in SSP+ were irradiated with UVC light in plastic bags (MacoPharma) made of ethyl vinyl acetate, considered to be highly permeable to UVC light. The UVC‐treated (test, n = 8) as well as the untreated (reference, n = 8) PLT units were stored in PLT storage bags composed of n‐butyryl, tri n‐hexyl citrate–plasticized polyvinyl chloride (MacoPharma) on a flat bed agitator for in vitro testing during 7 days of storage.Results  No significant difference in PLT counts and lactate dehydrogenase between the groups was detected. During storage, glucose decreased more and lactate increased more in the test units. Statistically significant differences were found for glucose (P < 0·01) and lactate (P < 0·05) on day 7. ATP levels were higher (P < 0·01 from day 5) in the reference units. With exception of day 7 (P < 0·01 reference vs. test), hypotonic shock response reactivity was not different between groups. Extent of shape change was lower (P < 0·01), and CD62P (P < 0·05 day 5) was higher in the test units. CD42b and CD41/61 showed similar trends throughout storage, without any significant difference between the units. pH was maintained at >6·8 (day 7) and swirling remained at the highest level (score = 2) for all units throughout storage.Conclusion  Our results suggest that irradiation with UVC light has a slight impact on PLT in vitro quality and appears to be insignificant with regard to current in vitro standards.
An international collaborative study to establish the WHO 1st international standard for alpha‐1‐antitrypsin
Authors: Thelwell C. , Marszal E. , Rigsby P. , Longstaff C. 
Published: December 2010

Background and Objectives  The aim was to establish the 1st International Standard (IS) for alpha‐1‐antitrypsin (AAT) to standardise potency assignment of therapeutic products, calibrated in moles and mg active AAT in line with product labelling practice. Assigning total protein and antigen values to the IS was also investigated.Materials and Methods  The active concentration of four candidate AAT preparations was determined in an international collaborative study by inhibition of trypsin (calibrated by active‐site titration). Total protein and antigen content were determined for each candidate using local methods and in‐house standards, and a common AAT preparation. The total protein content of the IS was also determined by amino acid analysis. Potency determination of recombinant and transgenic materials against the IS was investigated in a follow‐up study.Results  Data analysis for potency determination indicated no statistical difference between any of the candidates, or between the results for recombinant and plasma‐derived products. Total protein content of the IS determined by amino acid analysis was consistent with the potency value. The variability in the total protein and antigen results for the other candidates was reduced when the data were recalculated relative to the IS.Conclusions  Candidate C (05/162) was established by the WHO Expert Committee on Biological Standardization (ECBS) in 2006 as the WHO 1st IS for AAT with a potency of 243 nmoles (12·4 mg) active inhibitor per ampoule. In 2008, ECBS approved the IS for potency determination of recombinant material and assigned a total protein and antigen value of 12·4 mg.
Optimal pollinator attraction strategies in Trollius ranunculoides Hemsl. (Ranunculaceae) at different altitudes: increased floral display or promotion of nectar output?
Authors: Ye X.‐Q. , Meng J.‐L. , Zhao Z.‐G. , Fan B.‐L. , Du G.‐Z. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractFor alpine plant species, patterns of resource allocation to functional floral traits for pollinator attraction can be highly significant in adaptation to low pollinator abundance and consequent pollen limitation. Increased pollination can be achieved either through a larger floral display or production of more pollen rewards. In this study, variation in resource allocation to different components for pollinator attraction was studied along an altitudinal gradient in Trollius ranunculoides, an obligate self‐incompatible out‐crosser of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau. We compared resource allocation to conspicuous yellow sepals (which mainly provide visual attraction) and degenerate petals (which provide the major nectar reward) between populations at four altitudes. Furthermore, we investigated the contribution of sepals and petals to pollinator attraction and female reproductive success in an experiment with sepal or petal removal at sites at different altitudes. At the level of single flowers, resource allocation increased to sepals but decreased to petals with increasing altitude. Consistent with these results, sepals contributed much more to visitation rate and seed set than petals, as confirmed in the sepal or petal removal experiment. Sepals and petals contributed to female reproductive success by ensuring visitation rate rather than visitation duration. To alleviate increasing pollen limitation with increasing altitude, resource allocation patterns of T. ranunculoides altered to favour development of sepals rather than petals. This strategy may improve pollination and reproductive success through visual attraction (sepal) rather than nectar reward (petal) over a gradient of decreasing pollinator abundance.
Reproductive biology of Trichocentrum pumilum: an orchid pollinated by oil‐collecting bees
Authors: Pansarin E. R. , Pansarin L. M. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe reproductive biology, reward production and pollination mechanism of Trichocentrum pumilum were studied in a gallery forest in the interior of the State of São Paulo, southeast Brazil. The floral visitors and pollination mechanism were recorded, and experimental pollinations were carried out in order to determine the breeding system of this species. Trichocentrum pumilum blooms in spring. Each paniculate inflorescence bears an average of 85 flowers that present a central yellow callus and finger‐like trichomes on the lateral lobes of the lip. A lipoidal substance is produced and stored among these trichomes. In the studied population, T. pumilum is exclusively visited and pollinated by two bee species (Tetrapedia diversipes and Lophopedia nigrispinis). Pollinaria are deposited on mouthparts of bees during collection of the lipoidal substance from the lateral lobes of the labellum. Trichocentrum pumilum is self‐incompatible and pollinator‐limited. Natural fruit set was low (9%, compared to 45% in experimentally cross‐pollinated flowers). Potentially viable seed exceed 97% in fruits obtained through cross‐pollination and in natural conditions (open pollination).
Reproductive biology of two Himalayan alpine gingers (Roscoea spp., Zingiberaceae) in China: pollination syndrome and compensatory floral mechanisms
Authors: Zhang Z.‐Q. , Kress W. J. , Xie W.‐J. , Ren P.‐Y. , Gao J.‐Y. , Li Q.‐J. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractAccording to the concept of pollination syndromes, floral traits reflect specialisation to a particular pollinator or set of pollinators. However, the reproductive biology of endemic, and often specialised, plants may require increased attention as climate change accelerates worldwide. Species of Roscoea endemic to the Himalayan region have striking orchid‐like flowers with long corolla tubes, suggesting pollination by long‐tongued insects. Until now, the reproductive biology of species of Roscoea has been poorly documented. We investigated the floral biology, breeding system and pollination ecology of R. cautleoides and R. humeana, from Hengduan Mountains, a global biodiversity hotspot in southwest China. We also tested whether floral longevity increases pollination success. Pollination experiments showed that the two species were self‐compatible and depended on insects for fruit production. Over several flowering seasons we did not observe any potential pollinators with long tongues that matched the corolla tube visiting flowers in centres of distribution. The principal pollinators observed were pollen‐collecting generalist bees, with low visitation frequencies. In general, members of the ginger family are characterised by short‐lived (usually 1 day) flowers, but flowers of R. cautleoides and R. humeana last 8 and 6 days, respectively. Removing stigmas decreased fruit set in both study populations. Our results suggest that the original pollinators may have been long‐tongued insects that are now absent from the Chinese Himalayas because habitats have responded to climate change. However, long‐lived and self‐compatible flowers, coupled with the presence of generalist pollinators, are traits that have allowed these gingers to reproduce and continue to persist in the alpine habitats.
Intermediate‐term results of the Ex‐PRESS miniature glaucoma implant under a scleral flap in previously operated eyes
Authors: Lankaranian Dara , Razeghinejad M Reza , Prasad Arun , Fakhraie Ghasem , Freitas Daniel J , Ichhpujani Parul , Moster Marlene R 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBackground:  To report the safety and efficacy of Ex‐PRESSTM miniature glaucoma implant under a scleral flap in patients with previous ocular surgeries.Design:  Retrospective, non‐comparative case series from a tertiary care hospital.Participants:  Patients with previous cataract or failed glaucoma surgeries who had undergone implantation of the Ex‐PRESSTM miniature glaucoma implant (R‐50 and T‐50), under a scleral flap, with a minimum of 1‐year postoperative follow up.Methods:  For postoperative outcome, success was defined as complete if intraocular pressure (IOP) was 5–21 mmHg without medication or surgical intervention, and qualified if intraocular pressure was within the same range with glaucoma medication. To compare the outcome between patients who had previous trabeculectomy or cataract surgery the definition of success was intraocular pressure of 5–15 mmHg.Main Outcome Measures:  Intraocular pressure, number of antiglaucoma drugs, visual acuity and complications.Results:  One hundred eyes (100 patients; mean age: 77.4 years) with a mean follow‐up period of 27 ± 13.2 months (range: 12–66) were considered. Success was complete in 60 (60%) and qualified in 24 (24%) eyes. The mean preoperative IOP of 27.7 ± 9.2 mmHg (range: 14–52 mmHg) with 2.73 ± 1.1 drugs declined to 14.02 ± 5.1 mmHg with 0.72 ± 1.06 drugs at the last follow up (P < 0.0001). Causes of failure were uncontrolled intraocular pressure (11%), bleb needling (4%) and persistent hypotony (1%). The probability of success in the patients with previous cataract surgery and trabeculectomy at 3 years was 60.6% and 50.9%, respectively.Conclusions:  The Ex‐PRESSTM implant under scleral flap was a safe and effective glaucoma surgery in the eyes with prior ocular surgery.