bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Corticomotor plasticity following unilateral strength training
Authors: Goodwill Alicia M. , Pearce Alan J. , Kidgell Dawson J. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractIntroduction: We used transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to investigate 3 weeks of unilateral leg strength training on ipsilateral motor cortex (iM1) excitability, and short‐latency intracortical inhibition (SICI). Methods: Right leg dominant participants (n = 14) were randomly divided into either a strength training (ST) or control group. The ST group completed 9 training sessions (4 sets of 6 to 8 repetitions of single right leg squats). Results: We observed a 41% increase in right leg strength, and a 35% increase in strength of the untrained left leg (P < 0.01). There was a significant increase in motor evoked potential (MEP) amplitude recruitment curve for the untrained left leg (P < 0.01). SICI of the iM1 decreased by 21% for the untrained left leg (P < 0.01). Conclusions: The findings provide evidence for corticomotor adaptation for unilateral leg strength training within the iM1 that is modulated by changes in interhemispheric inhibition. Muscle Nerve 46: 384–393, 2012
Early inflammatory and myogenic responses to resistance exercise in the elderly
Authors: Mathers Jessica L. , Farnfield Michelle M. , Garnham Andrew P. , Caldow Marissa K. , Cameron‐Smith David , Peake Jonathan M. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractIntroduction and Methods: This study compared changes in myokine and myogenic genes following resistance exercise (3 sets of 12 repetitions of maximal unilateral knee extension) in 20 elderly men (67.8 ± 1.0 years) and 15 elderly women (67.2 ± 1.5 years). Results: Monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)‐1, macrophage inhibitory protein (MIP)‐1β, interleukin (IL)‐6 and MyoD mRNA increased significantly (P < 0.05), whereas myogenin and myostatin mRNA decreased significantly after exercise in both groups. Macrophage‐1 (Mac‐1) and MCP‐3 mRNA did not change significantly after exercise in either group. MIP‐1β, Mac‐1 and myostatin mRNA were significantly higher before and after exercise in men compared with women. In contrast, MCP‐3 and myogenin mRNA were significantly higher before and after exercise in the women compared with the men. Conclusions: In elderly individuals, gender influences the mRNA expression of certain myokines and growth factors, both at rest and after resistance exercise. These differences may influence muscle regeneration following muscle injury. Muscle Nerve 46: 407–412, 2012
Role of disease severity, illness perceptions, and mood on quality of life in muscle disease
Authors: Rose Michael R. , Sadjadi Reza , Weinman John , Akhtar Tayyaba , Pandya Shree , Kissel John T. , Jackson Carlayne E. ,   the Muscle Study Group
Published: January 2012

AbstractIntroduction: The aim of this study was to describe the effect of muscle disease upon QoL and to explore the influence of disease severity, mood, and illness perception on the QoL of these patients. Methods: Validated questionnaires assessing QoL (Individualized Neuromuscular QoL and SF‐36), disease severity (Health Assessment Questionnaire), mood (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) and illness perception (Illness Perception Questionnaire) were sent to adults with muscle disease. Results: We received 302 responses (return rate 75%). QoL was reduced, particularly for “physical” domains, but “psychological” domains were also affected. Disease severity was the main determinant for the “physical” domains of QoL, but mood and illness perception played a part. Conversely, mood and illness perception were the main determinants for the “psychological” domains of QoL. Conclusions: Because mood and illness perception explain significant variance in QoL in muscle disease, there is scope for devising psychosocial interventions that may improve QoL for those with muscle disease. Muscle Nerve 46: 351–359, 2012
Myopathy in autoimmune polyendocrinopathy‐ candidiasis‐ectodermal dystrophy
Authors: Watanabe Mitsuru , Ochi Hirofumi , Arahata Hajime , Matsuo Tomohito , Nagafuchi Seiho , Ohyagi Yasumasa , Kira Jun‐Ichi 
Published: January 2012

AbstractIntroduction: Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy‐candidiasis‐ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by monogenic mutations in the autoimmune regulator (AIRE) gene. No attention has been paid to muscle manifestations in this disorder. We aimed to uncover whether progressive myopathy is a component of this disorder. Methods: A case description and literature search for APECED cases presenting with myopathy and analysis of AIRE gene expression in biopsied muscles from 4 healthy volunteers and the patient by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Results: A 52‐year‐old woman with APECED caused by AIRE gene mutations developed progressive myopathy involving proximal limb and paraspinal muscles. Muscle biopsy specimens showed myopathic changes without inflammatory cell infiltrate. We detected AIRE gene expression in all muscle tissues examined. An extensive literature search uncovered 5 cases of APECED with myopathy, all of whom had similar features. Conclusions: Progressive myopathy involvement could be a hitherto unknown manifestation of APECED. Muscle Nerve 45: 904‐908, 2012
Prejunctional facilitatory effect of a thiol‐alkylating agent N‐Ethylmaleimide on neurogenic contractions in rat prostate smooth muscle
Authors: Büyüknacar Hacer S.G. , Eser Nadire , Göçmen Cemil , de Groat William C. , Kumcu Eda K. , Ertuğ Peyman U. , Önder Serpil 
Published: January 2012

AbstractAimsThe effect of a non‐specific thiol‐alkylating agent N‐ethylmaleimide (NEM) was studied on neurogenic contractile mechanisms in rat ventral prostate gland.MethodsMale Wistar albino rats were used. The rats were killed by cervical dislocation under sevoflurane anesthesia and ventral prostate gland was removed. Two preparations were obtained from each lobe. Neurally evoked isometric contractions were induced using trains of electrical field stimulation (EFS; 0.5, 1, 4, or 8 Hz). The effect of NEM on the contractions to EFS was examined in the absence or presence of adrenergic and/or purinergic antagonists.ResultsNEM enhanced the EFS‐evoked contractions without altering the basal tone. These effects were significantly suppressed by an α1‐adrenergic receptor antagonist (prazosin), a P2‐purinergic antagonist (suramin), a specific P2X‐receptor antagonist pyridoxal‐phosphate‐6‐azophenyl‐2′,4′‐disulfonate (PPADS), an ATP analog (α,β‐methylene ATP), or a calcium channel blocker (verapamil). This facilitating effect of NEM did not occur following the administration of L‐cysteine or glutathione which saturated NEM with excess thiols. However, a thiol‐oxidant diamide failed to affect the contractions to EFS. An adrenergic neuron blocker (guanethidine) completely suppressed the responses to NEM. On the other hand, an α2‐adrenergic receptor blocker (yohimbine), a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor (Nω‐nitro‐L‐arginine) or a cholinergic muscarinic receptor antagonist (atropine) did not significantly affect the facilitatory response of NEM.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that NEM has a prejunctional facilitatory action on the adrenergic nerves in rat prostate tissue to enhance release of transmitters, noradrenaline, and ATP. NEM sensitive proteins involved in transmitter release mechanisms can play a role in this effect. Neurourol. Urodynam. 31:579–585, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Automating classification of free‐text electronic health records for epidemiological studies
Authors: Schuemie Martijn J. , Sen Emine , 't Jong Geert W. , van Soest Eva M. , Sturkenboom Miriam C. , Kors Jan A. 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTPurposeIncreasingly, patient information is stored in electronic medical records, which could be reused for research. Often these records comprise unstructured narrative data, which are cumbersome to analyze. The authors investigated whether text mining can make these data suitable for epidemiological studies and compared a concept recognition approach and a range of machine learning techniques that require a manually annotated training set. The authors show how this training set can be created with minimal effort by using a broad database query.MethodsThe approaches were tested on two data sets: a publicly available set of English radiology reports for which International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification code needed to be assigned and a set of Dutch GP records that needed to be classified as either liver disorder cases or noncases. Performance was tested against a manually created gold standard.ResultsThe best overall performance was achieved by a combination of a manually created filter for removing negations and speculations and rule learning algorithms such as RIPPER, with high scores on both the radiology reports (positive predictive value = 0.88, sensitivity = 0.85, specificity = 1.00) and the GP records (positive predictive value = 0.89, sensitivity =0.91, specificity =0.76).ConclusionsAlthough a training set still needs to be created manually, text mining can help reduce the amount of manual work needed to incorporate narrative data in an epidemiological study and will make the data extraction more reproducible. An advantage of machine learning is that it is able to pick up specific language use, such as abbreviations and synonyms used by physicians. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Borderline personality disorder subtypes: A factor analysis of the DSM‐IV criteria
Authors: Lewis Kate , Caputi Peter , Grenyer Brin F. S. 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTThis study examined the underlying factor structure of the DSM‐IV criteria to determine whether the diagnosis could be classified into subtypes. It also sought to enhance the clinical interpretation of any identified subtypes by examining their relation to comorbid axis I and II disorders. In 95 treatment‐seeking adults (82 women, 13 men), attending a psychiatric outpatient clinic principle components analysis yielded support for three subtypes: ‘affect dysregulation’, ‘rejection sensitivity’ and ‘mentalization failure’. Results of logistic regression analyses indicated that the affect dysregulation subtype was associated with the comorbid diagnosis of generalized anxiety and panic disorder and other cluster B and C personality disorders. The mentalization failure subtype was found to be predictive of posttraumatic stress disorder and other cluster B personality disorders. With further research, confirmation of these subtypes may inform diagnostic revisions and appropriate treatment regimes that are individually designed to target the patients' core symptoms. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Zuckerman–Kuhlman–Aluja Personality Questionnaire as a predictor of MCMI‐III personality disorder scales: The role of facets
Authors: Aluja Anton , Blanch Angel , García Luis F. , García Oscar , Escorial Sergio 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTThis research was planned to assess the predictive power of dimensions and facets of the Zuckerman–Kuhlman–Aluja Personality Questionnaire in relation to the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory III 10 personality disorder (PD) scales in healthy subjects. The sample was composed of 529 subjects from the general population. The average age was 44.51 (standard deviation: 18.27; range 18–85) for men and 43.94 (standard deviation: 18.01; range 18–83) for women. Five factors emerged from principal component analyses. Alpha reliabilities were acceptable for the two questionnaires. Neuroticism correlated with most PD scales. Aggressiveness and sensation seeking correlated with antisocial PD; extraversion (negative) and neuroticism (positive) correlated with several PDs such as avoidant and dependent. The facets presented a similar pattern of correlations with the PD dimensions with different values and statistical power. Sensation seeking and aggression facets were strongly related with antisocial and obsessive–compulsive PDs (in negative). The personality contribution to explain the PD scales was studied by a multiple linear stepwise regression analysis. The facets explained the PD proportion of variance a little better than the dimensions. The relevance of Zuckerman–Kuhlman–Aluja Personality Questionnaire facets in the predictions of PDs is further discussed. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Unpaid Caring Within and Outside the Carer's Home in England and Wales
Authors: Norman Paul , Purdam Kingsley 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTUnpaid caring is defined as any help or support provided to family members, friends, neighbours, or others because of their long‐term physical or mental health or disability, or problems related to old age. It is estimated that there are over 5.2 million unpaid carers in England and Wales (2001 Census). Using the Small Area Microdata from the 2001 Census Samples of Anonymised Records, we examine geographic and socio‐demographic variations in unpaid caring across England and Wales at local authority level with a particular focus on carers aged 40 years and older, comparing those who provide unpaid care within their own household and outside their household. The distinction between care within and outside the household is based on whether or not the carer lived with a co‐resident reporting a limiting long‐term illness.We find a strong geographical relationship between levels of illness and of unpaid care. However, when this is disaggregated by whether the care is provided within or outside the household, we find that care away from the home is likely to be outside the geographical area in which the carer lives. Our individual level analyses suggest associations between rates of unpaid caring and a person's age, gender, ethnicity, social class, and the carer's own health status. Moreover, these relationships are different for people who provide care within or outside their own household.Our findings have important implications for our understanding of the dynamics of caring and for service providers at a national and local level and also for government focus on independent living for people with social care needs and those in later old age. Unpaid carers who do not live with people they care for are likely to face different demands. Support is needed both for themselves and for the people whom they care. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
TIDIER: an identifier splitting approach using speech recognition techniques
Authors: Guerrouj Latifa , Di Penta Massimiliano , Antoniol Giuliano , Guéhéneuc Yann‐Gaël 
Published: January 2012

SUMMARYThe software engineering literature reports empirical evidence on the relation between various characteristics of a software system and its quality. Among other factors, recent studies have shown that a proper choice of identifiers influences understandability and maintainability. Indeed, identifiers are developers' main source of information and guide their cognitive processes during program comprehension when high‐level documentation is scarce or outdated and when source code is not sufficiently commented. This paper proposes a novel approach to recognize words composing source code identifiers. The approach is based on an adaptation of Dynamic Time Warping used to recognize words in continuous speech. The approach overcomes the limitations of existing identifier‐splitting approaches when naming conventions (e.g., Camel Case) are not used or when identifiers contain abbreviations. We apply the approach on a sample of more than 1000 identifiers extracted from 340 C programs and compare its results with a simple Camel Case splitter and with an implementation of an alternative identifier splitting approach, Samurai. Results indicate the capability of the novel approach: (i) to outperform the alternative ones, when using a dictionary augmented with domain knowledge or a contextual dictionary and (ii) to expand 48% of a set of selected abbreviations into dictionary words. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pharmacology of ryanodine receptors and Ca2+‐induced Ca2+ release
Authors: Thomas Nia L. , Williams Alan J. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractRyanodine receptors (RyR) are cation‐selective, ligand‐modulated, ion channels that provide a pathway for the regulated release of Ca2+ from intracellular reticular storage organelles to initiate a wide variety of cellular processes. In addition to regulation by endogenous ligands, the function of RyR can be altered by many pharmacological agents. Some of these have been used to establish the contribution of RyR‐mediated Ca2+ release to diverse signaling processes. Altered RyR function also plays a role in the development of diseases of both skeletal and cardiac muscles, hence both new and established compounds have potential as RyR‐focussed therapeutic agents. WIREs Membr Transp Signal 2012, 1:383–397. doi: 10.1002/wmts.34For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
Make Your Work Matter: Development and pilot evaluation of a purpose‐centered career education intervention
Authors: Dik Bryan J. , Steger Michael F. , Gibson Amanda , Peisner William 
Published: January 2012

AbstractDeveloping a sense of purpose is both salient and desirable for adolescents, and purpose in people's lives and careers is associated with both general and work‐related well‐being. However, little is known about whether purpose can be encouraged through school‐based interventions. This article reports the results of a quasi‐experimental pilot study and follow‐up focus group that evaluated Make Your Work Matter, a three‐module, school‐based intervention designed to help adolescent youth explore, discover, and enact a sense of purpose in their early career development. Participants were eighth‐grade students. Compared to the control group, the intervention group reported increases in several outcomes related to purpose‐centered career development, such as a clearer sense of career direction; a greater understanding of their interests, strengths, and weaknesses; and a greater sense of preparedness for the future. However, no significant differences were found on items directly related to purpose, calling, and prosocial attitudes. These results inform the ongoing development of Make Your Work Matter and other school‐based career interventions and pave the way for larger‐scale trials of such purpose‐promoting intervention strategies.
Multivariable Analysis of Cholecystectomy after Gastrectomy: Laparoscopy is a Feasible Initial Approach even in the Presence of Common Bile Duct Stones or Acute Cholecystitis
Authors: Kim Joohyun , Cho Jeong Nam , Joo Sun Hyung , Kim Bum Soo , Lee Sang Mok 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBackgroundWhen performing cholecystectomy after gastrectomy, we often encounter problems, such as adhesions, nutritional insufficiency, and bowel reconstruction. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors related to surgical outcome of these associated procedures, with emphasis on the use of a laparoscopic approach.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed data from 58 patients who had a history of cholecystectomy after gastrectomy. Differences between subgroups with respect to operation time, length of postoperative hospital stay, and complications were analyzed. To identify the factors related with outcomes of cholecystectomy after gastrectomy, we performed multivariable analysis with the following variables: common bile duct (CBD) exploration, laparoscopic surgery, gender, acute cholecystitis, history of stomach cancer, age, body mass index, period of surgery, and interval between cholecystectomy and gastrectomy.ResultsWe found one case (2.9%) of open conversion. The CBD exploration was the most significant independent factor (adjusted odds ratio (OR), 45.15; 95% confidence interval (CI), 4.53–450.55) related to longer operation time. Acute cholecystitis also was a significant independent factor (adjusted OR, 14.66; 95% CI, 1.46–147.4). The laparoscopic approach was not related to operation time but was related to a shorter hospital stay (adjusted OR, 0.057; 95% CI, 0.004–0.74). Acute cholecystitis was independently related to the occurrence of complications (adjusted OR, 27.68; 95% CI, 1.15–666.24); however, CBD exploration and laparoscopic surgery were not. A lower BMI also was an independent predictor of the occurrence of complications (adjusted OR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.2–0.87).ConclusionsThe laparoscopic approach is feasible for cholecystectomy after gastrectomy, even in cases with CBD stones or acute cholecystitis. This approach does not appear to increase operation time or complication rate and was shown to decrease the length of postoperative hospital stay.
Risk factors for organ/space surgical site infection after hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma in 359 recent cases
Authors: Sadamori Hiroshi , Yagi Takahito , Shinoura Susumu , Umeda Yuzo , Yoshida Ryuichi , Satoh Daisuke , Nobuoka Daisuke , Utsumi Masashi , Yoshida Kazuhiro , Fujiwara Toshiyoshi 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBackgroundSurgical site infections (SSIs), particularly organ/space SSIs, remain a common cause of major morbidity after hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsRisk factors for SSIs were analyzed in 359 patients who underwent hepatectomy for HCC between 2001 and 2010. The causative bacteria, management, outcome, and characteristics of organ/space SSIs were investigated.ResultsAnatomic hepatectomy was performed for 296 patients (82.5%), and repeat hepatectomy was carried out for 59 patients (16.4%). SSIs developed in 52 patients (14.5%; incisional, 24 cases; organ/space, 31 cases [3 patients showed both incisional and organ/space SSIs]). No in‐hospital mortality related to incisional or organ/space SSIs was encountered. Independent risk factors for SSIs were repeat hepatectomy and operative time ≥280 min. Independent risk factors for organ/space SSIs were repeat hepatectomy and bile leakage. Methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus was detected more frequently in organ/space SSIs after repeat hepatectomy than after initial hepatectomy.ConclusionsRepeat hepatectomy and bile leakage represent independent risk factors for organ/space SSIs after hepatectomy for HCC. Establishing treatment strategies is important for preventing postoperative bile leakage and reducing the high rate of organ/space SSIs after repeat hepatectomy.
Antinuclear antibody titer and treatment response to peginterferon plus ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C patients
Authors: Hsieh Ming‐Yen , Dai Chia‐Yen , Lee Li‐Po , Huang Jee‐Fu , Chuang Wan‐Long , Hou Nai‐Jen , Lin Zu‐Yau , Chen Shinn‐Cherng , Hsieh Ming‐Yuh , Wang Liang‐Yen , Chang Wen‐Yu , Yu Ming‐Lung 
Published: January 2012

AbstractPositive serum antinuclear antibody (ANA) is not infrequent in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV)‐infected patients. This prospective study evaluated the impact of ANA on the response to and safety of peginterferon/ribavirin combination therapy for chronic hepatitis C patients in clinical practice. We enrolled 243 consecutive patients who were treated with a 24‐week regimen of peginterferon‐α plus ribavirin, with a 24‐week follow‐up period. ANA titer was determined before antiviral treatment. The primary end‐point was sustained virological response (SVR), defined as HCV RNA <50 IU/mL throughout the follow‐up period. Overall, 187 (77.0%) patients experienced a SVR. In the 105‐patient HCV genotype non‐1 group, patients with ANA titer ≥1:80 had a significantly lower SVR rate than those with ANA titer <1:80 (67.7% vs. 95.8%, respectively, p = 0.013). In contrast, in the 138‐patient HCV genotype 1 group, the SVR rate did not differ between patients with and without ANA titer ≥1:80. Multivariate regressive analyses showed that ANA ≥1:80, age and HCV RNA levels were independent factors associated with SVR in HCV genotype non‐1 patients; whereas HCV RNA levels and hepatic fibrosis were prognostic predictors of SVR in HCV genotype 1 patients. The frequencies of adverse events were similar between patients with and without ANA seropositivity. Peginterferon/ribavirin combination therapy is effective and safe in ANA‐positive chronic hepatitis C patients. A high ANA titer was a negative prognostic factor for treatment response in HCV genotype non‐1 patients.