bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Profile of Some Plasma Enzyme Activities in Growing Dwarf and Landrace Kids
Authors: Mbassa G. K. , Poulsen J. S. D. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryPlasma alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase and alkaline phosphatase activities were studied in clinically healthy Danish landrace and dwarf kids in seven herds from birth to 12 months of age. The purpose was to evaluate the influence of age, breed and herd on reference values. The mean enzyme levels ± standard deviation (s) in neonatal dwarf kids were 0.09 ± 0.04, 1.23 ± 0.24, 2.79 ± 1.50 and 18.3 ± 11.0 μkat/l respectively. The respective values in landrace kids were 0.13 ± 0.06, 1.06 ± 0.22, 2.44 ± 1.60 and 37.6 ± 23.6 μkat/l. In 8–12 months old dwarf kids they were 0.30 ± 0.11, 1.49 ± 0.13, 3.28 ± 0.44 and 11.1 ± 2.4 μkat/l respectively and 0.23 ± 0.05, 1.12 ± 0.34, 3.68 ± 1.63 and 14.1 ± 8.40 μkat/l respectively in landrace kids of the same age. The 5th to 95th percentile intervals of the enzyme activities were within mean ± 2s for most age groups in both breeds except alkaline phosphatase. The means and medians were close to each other for the values of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and creatine kinase but not for alkaline phosphatase. Alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and creatine kinase levels were low at birth and increased with age, whereas for alkaline phosphatase it was vice versa. Significant differences were observed in mean enzyme activities between kids of different ages (within breeds), breeds (in same age kids) and herds (within same breed and age kids). Sex variations (within the breeds) were not observed. It was concluded that plasma enzyme activities are dependent on age, breed and environment.
Influence of Digoxin Followed by Dopamine on the Cardiovascular Depression During a Standard Halothane Anaesthesia in Dorsally Recumbent, Ventilated Ponies
Authors: Gasthuys F. , Moor A. De , Parmentier D. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryThe influence of digoxin (0.01 mg/kg) given as an intravenous bolus followed by dopamine at different infusion rates (1.25, 2.5 and 5.0 μg/kg/min) on the cardiovascular depression during a standard halothane anaesthesia was studied in dorsally recumbent ventilated ponies.Peranaesthetic digitalization induced no clear positive cardiovascular effects over 30 minutes, except for non‐significant increases in mean pulmonary artery pressure and total pulmonary resistance. These changes were probably time‐related. No specific side‐effects related to the fast intravenous digitalization were noticed.Dopamine at lower infusion rates (1.25 and 2.5 μg/kg/min) given minimally 30 minutes after the digitalization did not induce further changes (only minor non‐significant increases in cardiac output and systemic blood pressure). Dopamine infusions at a higher infusion rate (5.0μg/kg/min) improved the cardiovascular depression (significant increases in cardiac output and systemic blood pressure while total peripheral resistance tended to decrease). Heart rate, blood gases and total pulmonary resistance remained constant.The combination of a fast acting inotropic agent, dopamine, and a slow acting inotropic drug, digoxin, induced positive effects in reversing the cardiovascular depression and might therefore be useful during clinical anaesthesia in the horse.
The Relationships between the Fertility of Dairy Cows and Clinical and Biochemical Measurements, with Special Reference to Plasma Glucose and Milk Acetone
Authors: Forshell K. Plym , Andersson L. , Pehrson B. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryBlood and milk samples were taken at first insemination in 352 dairy cows from 18 herds for charting the relation between clinico‐chemical parameters and fertility rate. Neither total protein, albumin, globulin, AST, bilirubin, bile acids, calcium, magnesium and phosphorus in blood nor urea in milk was significantly related to the rate of pregnancy. On the other hand, there was a significant difference for plasma glucose between cows that became pregnant and those that did not.Cows with low plasma glucose concentrations at first insemination also had low values four and seven weeks after calving, indicating that it is primarily cows with chronically low blood glucose which are likely to have reduced fertility. At first insemination there was no increase in the concentration of acetone in milk of cows with reduced fertility. However, they had had increased milk acetone concentrations three to five weeks after calving. It therefore seems possible to evaluate the risk of reduced fertility by measuring either blood glucose or milk acetone some weeks after calving. Owing to the difficulties associated with the sampling and laboratory techniques for glucose, analyses of milk acetone are more suitable under field conditions.
Near Triploidy in a Feline Fibrosarcoma
Authors: Mayr B. , Eschborn U. , Kalat M. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryA seven‐year‐old male cat developed a subcutaneous fibrosarcoma. The numerical cytogenetic evaluation of the tumour revealed the presence of 69.2% of cells in the near‐triploid chromosome range between 51 and 64. The copy numbers of the different chromosomes were widely distributed from monosomies up to heptasomies. Two giant chromosomes were regularly present.
Effect of Recombinant Bovine Somatotropin (BST) on Physiological Parameters and on Milk Production in German Fleckvieh Cows
Authors: Graf F. , Schams D. , Meyer J. , Kräusslich H. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryThe efficacy of injecting primiparous cows of a dual purpose breed (Deutsches Fleckvieh) with a BST prolonged release formulation (500 mg Sometribove s. c.) was tested in a cross‐over design. Seven cows were given 500 mg BST in the 10th through 19th week of lactation and a placebo in the 24th through 33rd week. A second group of seven cows received a placebo in the 10th through 19th week and BST in the 24th through 33rd week. Blood samples were taken from the jugular vein (via a permanent cannula) in the 13th, 17th, 23rd, 27th and 31st week of lactation over a period of 24 hrs at 30 min intervals.During the periods of BST treatment the amount of FCM (amount of milk corrected to 4% fat content) was higher in treated than in non‐treated animals by 3.6 kg (19.8%) and 3.2 kg (22.5%) respectively. Milk fat levels were elevated sigificantly during both treatment periods. Milk protein concentration showed a significant rise during the second half of lactation only. There was no influence on lactose content. Blood concentration of somatotropin and IGF‐I rose during treatment by a factor of 3–4. Insulin, T3, T4 and FTI as well as glucose, urea and GOT showed no changes or changes within physiological ranges. Free fatty acids and ß‐hydroxybutyrate rose during treatment.
Die ionisierte Calciumfraktion des Blutes: Abhängigkeit von verschiedenen methodischen Faktoren1
Authors: Kölling K. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryThe Ionized Calcium Fraction of Blood: Dependence on Various Methodological FactorsIn the present study the influence of different methodical factors (analyzer with ionselective electrodes used, anticoagulation of blood samples with heparin, storing of samples at different temperatures) on the concentration of ionized calcium in blood was investigated.It could be shown that nowadays' systems for analysis of ionized calcium (ORION SS‐20, AVL 980, NOVA 2 and 8, ICA 1) yield reproducible values for human as well as canine blood. System‐related differences point to a varying degree of interferences on the ionselective electrodes used.The concentration of ionized calcium is strongly dependent on different preanalytic factors. Heparin leads to a concentration‐related reduction of calcium ions in blood. This negative impact of heparin can be overcome by substitution of the solvent for CaCl2 (2.5 mmol &#x006d;̇ l−1) without meaningful falsification of the measured values.At 4°C blood samples can be stored without detectable changes in Ca++ concentration for 8 hours.ZusammenfassungIn der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde der Einfluß verschiedener methodischer Faktoren (eingesetzter Analyzer mit ionenselektiven Elektroden, Antikoagulation der Blutproben mit Heparin, Probenlagerung unter verschiedenen Temperaturbedingungen) auf die Konzentration des ionisierten Calciums im Blut von Mensch und Hund eingehend untersucht. Es wurde gezeigt, daß die heute eingesetzten Systeme zur Analyse der Konzentration des ionisierten Calciums (ORION SS‐20, AVL 980, NOVA 2 und 8, ICA1) gut reproduzierbare Meßwerte im Vollblut liefern. Systembedingte Unterschiede weisen auf ein unterschiedliches Ausmaß von Interferenzen bezüglich der eingesetzten ionenselektiven Elektroden hin.Die Konzentration des ionisierten Calciums unterliegt einer starken Abhängigkeit von verschiedenen präanalytischen Faktoren. Heparin bewirkt im Vollblut eine konzentrationsabhängige Reduzierung der Calciumionenkonzentration. Dieser negative Effekt des Heparins kann durch CaCl2‐Substitution (2,5 mmol &#x006d;̇ l−1) der Heparinlösung ohne wesentliche Verfälschung der Meßwerte aufgehoben werden.Bei 4°C können Vollblutproben 8 Stunden ohne nachweisbare Veränderungen in der Ca++‐Konzentration gelagert werden.
Bovine Endometritis: Current and Future Alternative Therapy
Authors: Hussain A. M. , Daniel R. C. W. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryAbnormal parturition can be followed by a persistent endometritis which can have deleterious effects on the cow's subsequent reproductive performance. Normal and active uterine defense mechanisms have been reported to be very important for the exclusion of bacterial infection from the uterus and recovery from endometritis developing after parturition. Despite the widespread use of local or systemic antibiotics, antiseptics, sulfonamides and hormones, rates of recovery from endometritis and the cow's subsequent fertility have not increased appreciably. Furthermore, the cost of any treatment, the frequency of its administration and the milk disposal after treatment make their use uneconomic. Alternative therapies which stimulate the natural uterine defense mechanisms have been suggested as treatments of bovine endometritis. These include: (I) Endotoxins such as lipopolysac‐charide ofE. coli, (II) serum, plasma or hyperimmune serum, (III) polymorphonuclear leucocyte (PMN) extracts and components and (IV) granulocytemacrophage colony stimulating factors (G‐M CSF).
Blockwirbelbildung beim Schwein
Authors: Lahrmann K. H. , Staudt Barbara 
Published: May 2010

SummaryFormation of Block Vertebrae in Swine: Radiographical findings are reported on the vertebral column of healthy weanling pigs and of two pigs with connatal formation of block vertebrae and clinically visible kyphosis in the lumbar region. The diagnosis of congenital malformations of the vertebral column in two patients is based on the anamnesis, the lack of locomotor disorders and radiographic‐morphologie examinations showing fusions of vertebral bodies, arches and spinous processes as well as additional dorsal hemivertebrae but no inflammatory reactions.ZusammenfassungEs wird über die Röntgenbefunde an Wirbelsäulen gesunder Läuferschweine und über die angeborene Blockwirbelbildung bei 2 Läuferschweinen mit klinisch manifester Kyphose im Lumbaibereich berichtet.Die Diagnose einer konnatalen Wirbelmißbildung stützt sich auf die Vorberichte, fehlende klinische Ausfallserscheinungen und die radiologisch‐morphologischen Untersuchungen, die neben der Verschmelzung von Wirbelkörpern, ‐bögen und Dornfortsätzen auch überzählige dorsale Halbwirbel sowie das Fehlen entzündlicher Reaktionen bei beiden Patienten erkennen lassen.
Evaluation of a Haematological Analyser for its Use in Canine Clinical Pathology
Authors: Lavin S. , Mora F. J. , Monreal L. , Viñas L. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryA semiautomatic electronic system for counting blood cells in veterinary haematology (Sysmex F‐800) was evaluated. A total of 100 samples of canine blood were analysed. The results for leucocyte (WBC), erythrocyte (RBC), and platelet (PLT) counts, the haemoglobin concentration (Hb), and haematocrit value (Hct) obtained using the autoanalyser were compared with those obtained using a manual method as a reference.The results show very high levels of correlation for WBC (r = 0.96), Hb (r = 0.97) and Hct (r = 0,95) and high levels for RBC (r = 0.85) and PLT (r = 0.72). The precision is satisfactory in all the parameters studied with the exception of the platelet count (CV= 10.2 %) where it is unsatisfactory.Taking into consideration the margin of error associated with manual cell counting methods, we conclude that this haematological analyser is sufficiently accurate for work with blood samples from dogs.
Efecto de la Acción de Estimulantes y Bloqueadores de los Receptores Adrenérgicos sobre la Actividad Eléctrica del Utero en Vacas Preñadas
Authors: Gajewski Z. , Faúndez R. , Jedruch J. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryEffects of Adrenergic Stimulants and Blockers on the Electrical Activity of the Uterus in Pregnant Cows: The effects of stimulants and inhibitors of adrenergic receptors on the myoelectric activity were studied in pregnant cows at different points of the last trimester of pregnancy.The results showed that noradrenaline produced an increase of the myoelectric activity of the uterus specially at the 6th week before parturition. Furthermore i. v. infusion of propanolol potentiated and of phentolamina diminished the stimulating activity of noradrenaline.Resumen: Se han analizado electromiogramas procedentes de vacas preñadas obtenidos durante el tercer trimestre de la preñez, con el fin de determinar los efectos ocasionados por sustancias estimulantes o bloqueadoras de los receptores adrenérgicos sobre la actividad eléctrica del miometrio.Los resultados indican que la noradrenalina produce un aumento de la actividad eléctrica del miometrio en especial en la sexta semana antes del parto. Además la administración de propranolol aumenta el efecto estimulante de la noradrenalina en forma significativa. Esto puede indirectamente indicar la presencia de receptores betaadrenérgicos en el útero de vacas. La fentolamina a su vez produce un bloqueo de la acción estimulante de la noradrenalina sobre la actividad EMG.
Plasma Histamine Levels in Laminitic Horses and in Horses Treated with a Corticosteroid
Authors: Rautschka R. , Stanek Ch. , Knezevic P. F. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryIn seven sound horses histamine plasma levels were evaluated by means of a radioenzymatic method using the enzyme histamine‐N‐methyltransferase (mean = 4.46 nmol/l, SD = 1.55 nmol/l). Histamine levels of laminitic horses were significantly higher (n = 11; mean = 12.46 nmol/1, SD = 3.24 nmol/1). In three sound horses plasma histamine levels were determined over a two week period following a double administration of 10 mg dexamethasone‐21‐isonicotinate/100 kg body weight. Histamine levels remained within the range of sound control horses.
Cardiovascular Effects of Low Dose Calcium Chloride Infusions During Halothane Anaesthesia in Dorsally Recumbent Ventilated Ponies
Authors: Gasthuys F. , Moor A. De , Parmentier D. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryThe effects of calcium chloride administered at low infusion rates on the cardiovascular depression and the blood calcium balance were studied during a constant halothane anaesthesia in dorsally recumbent ventilated ponies.A pronounced cardiopulmonary depression characterized by decreases of all cardiac parameters and lowering of the mean arterial blood pressure was observed after the initial anaesthetic stabilization period of 30 minutes in the ponies. A significant decrease in the total calcium plasma concentration together with a constant ionized and complexed calcium fraction was present after the stabilization period.
Influence of Dietary Citric Acid and Calcium on the Bioavailability of Orally Administered Chlortetracycline in Piglets
Authors: Wanner M. , Walker W. , Sutter H.‐M. , Riond J.‐L. , Broz J. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryIn a study involving 18 piglets divided into three groups (A, B and C), the effects of dietary calcium and citric acid, and feeding technique on Chlortetracycline bioavailability were examined. Groups of 6 animals received a basal diet with either 0.7 % (group A) or 1.4 % calcium (groups B and C). Citric acid was not included in diets of the first experimental period. In the second period, either 1.5% (groups A and B) or 3.0% (group C) citric acid was added to the diet. In both experimental periods, Chlortetracycline was administered once intravenously (7.5 mg/kg b. w.) and once orally (30 mg/kg b.w.). After each administration, blood samples were taken at regular intervals in order to determine Chlortetracycline serum concentrations by a microbiological method.Following oral Chlortetracycline intake, low dietary calcium or citric acid addition to the diet produced increased Chlortetracycline serum concentrations. Chlortetracycline bioavailability was 12.6% at 0.7% dietary calcium, and 9.5% at 1.4% dietary calcium. Enteral Chlortetracycline absorption was improved 65% with 1.5% or 3.0% dietary citric acid supplementation. An 8‐hour delay of feed intake following oral Chlortetracycline intake did not significantly influence Chlortetracycline bioavailability.
An Ultrastructural Study of Vulval Myofibroblastoma in a Cow
Authors: Anjiki T. , Takeya G. , Hashimoto N. , Kadota K. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryA case of myofibroblastoma in a 3‐year‐old Japanese Black cow is described. Raised tumours which formed in the anus and in the labium and vestibulum of the vulva during pregnancy were excised surgically. The latter two tumours had dense growth of slender spindle cells beneath the epithelium, and fibrous connective tissue at the periphery. The anal tumour consisted of abundant collagen and sparse numbers of spindle cells. Proliferating cells contained moderate amounts of thin filaments with focal densities as well as well‐developed rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, and desmosome‐like structures were found between the cells. These cells were distinguishable from leiomyoma cells containing abundant thin filaments and poorly‐developed organelles. In the neoplastic lesions, there was an infiltration of many lymphocytes, plasma cells and macrophages.
Bone Biopsy in the Horse: 3. Normal Histomorphometric Data According to Age and Sex
Authors: Savage C. J. , Tidd L. C. , ØStblom L. C. , Melsen F. , Jeffcott L. B. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryHistomorphometrical analysis of bone biopsies from the wing of ilium in 35 clinically normal horses are reported according to age. The biopsies were collected from 20 mixed‐bred foals (mean age 6 ± 1 months) and 15 older horses (mean age 73 ± 62 months).No gender differences were found in the group of foals examined, but a significant difference (p < 0.001) in a number of the primary measurements occurred between them and the older horses. The parameters which altered with age were the extent of osteoid surface (OS/BS), the extent of resorption (erosion) surface (ES/BS), the osteoid thickness (O. Th), the mineral appositional rate (MAR), which corresponds to the rate of matrix mineralisation and, if no mineralisation defects exist reflects the amount of bone laid down per day, and the extent of labelled surfaces (MS/BS). These data indicate a much greater rate of bone remodelling in the foals. This was also reflected in a number of the derived parameters (i. e. the extent of quiescent surfaces [QS/BS] and the activation frequency [Ac. f]).
Ruminoreticular Motility in Ewes during Pregnancy and Lactation
Authors: Stafford K. J. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryThe frequency of primary cycle ruminoreticular movements was measured in ten ewes during pregnancy and lactation, in three ewes during pregnancy and in two non‐pregnant ewes. The frequency, of one movement every 76 seconds during non‐pregnancy and up to month 2 of pregnancy increased during later pregnancy and lactation to a peak of one every 58 seconds during the second month of lactation. This increase might explain the increased rate of passage of foodstuff through the digestive tract of sheep during pregnancy.
Development of Lymphocyte Blastogenic Response in the Neonatal Period of Foals
Authors: Sanada Y. , Noda H. , Nagahata H. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryThe blastogenic response of lymphocytes and serum concentration of cortisol from eighteen foals were evaluated during various stages of the neonatal period. The results of blastogenic responses were expressed by a stimulation index (SI). Blastogenic response to three mitogens was lowest at birth (PHA: 1.17 ± 0.02, Con A: 1.11 ± 0.05 and PWM: 1.02 ± 0.01), then increased gradually with slight variations postpartum. The serum concentration of cortisol was highest at birth (44.0 ng/ml) and decreased rapidly to 19.3 ng/ml within 1 week postpartum, and then was maintained at this level. The high serum concentration of cortisol at birth may be associated with decreased blastogenic response of lymphocytes in foals.
Einfluß von Lagerungsdauer und ‐temperatur auf die Aktivität von Glutathion‐Peroxidase in Plasma und Vollblut von Pferden
Authors: Wahdati A. , Lindner A. , Sommer H. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryEffect of temperature and duration of storage on glutathion peroxidase activity in plasma and whole blood of horsesThe influence of temperature and duration of storage on glutathion peroxidase (GSH‐Px) activity in plasma and whole blood samples of horses was investigated. Furthermore the relationships between the GSH‐Px activities in plasma and whole blood as well as the GSH‐Px values related to hematocrit and the hemoglobin content of the blood samples of 93 different horses were calculated.At 20–22 °C, the GSH‐Px activity in plasma and whole blood samples remained stable over at least three days while it was reduced by 38% and 65% after 2 and 3 days, if the whole blood samples were kept stored after being diluted (lysate). The GSH‐Px activity was stable over three days in plasma, whole blood and lysate samples stored at 4 °C and −18 °C. In lysate samples kept frozen the GSH‐Px activity remained stable over a period of 60 days while in plasma samples the activity had fluctuations. The GSH‐Px activity in plasma was 12.2 ± 11.7 nkat/ml, in whole blood 386 ± 117 nkat/ml. The coefficient of correlation between plasma and whole blood GSH‐Px activity was r = 0.27 (p < 0.01), and between plasma and whole blood related to the hematocrit and to the hemoglobin content of the blood samples 0.38 and 0.35 respectively (both p < 0.001). Between whole blood and whole blood related to hematocrit and hemoglobin content, r was 0.8 and 0.89 respectively (p < 0.001).ZusammenfassungDer Einfluß von Lagerungsdauer und ‐temperatur auf die Aktivität von Glutathion‐Peroxidase (GSH‐Px) wurde in Na‐Heparinat‐Plasma und ‐Vollblut des Pferdes bestimmt. Außerdem erfolgte ein Vergleich zwischen den GSH‐Px‐Aktivitäten im Plasma und Vollblut bzw. zwischen diesen und den GSH‐Px‐Aktivitäten im Vollblut nach Umrechnung auf den Hämatokritanteil sowie Hämoglobingehalt der Blutproben von 93 verschiedenen Pferden.In Plasma‐ und Vollblutproben blieb die GSH‐Px‐Aktivität bei 20–22 °C drei Tage lang stabil, während sie bei den Vollblutproben welche schon verdünnt aufbewahrt wurden (Lysat) deutlich abnahm (38% und 65% nach 2 bzw. 3 Tagen). Alle bei 4 °C und −18 °C gelagerten Proben waren drei Tage lang stabil. Die GSH‐Px‐Aktivität in den Lysatproben blieb bei −18 °C auch bis zum 60sten Tag der Aufbewahrung gleich, während die Aktivität im Plasma bei gleicher Temperatur an den Meßtagen schwankte. Die GSH‐Px‐Aktivität im Plasma betrug 12,2 ± 11,7 nkat/ml und im Vollblut 386 ± 117 nkat/ml. Die im Plasma und im Vollblut gemessenen GSH‐Px‐Aktivitäten zeigten einen Korrelationskoeffizienten von 0,27 (p < 0,01), zwischen Plasma und Vollblut bezogen auf den Hämatokritanteil sowie auf den Hämoglobingehalt lag dieser bei 0,38 bzw. 0,35 (beide p < 0,001). Die Korrelationskoeffizienten zwischen den GSH‐Px‐Werten im Vollblut und denen im Vollblut, bezogen auf Hämatokrit, sowie Hämoglobin betrugen 0,8 bzw. 0,89 (beide p < 0,001).