bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional Nanogels as Platforms for Imparting Antibacterial, Antibiofilm, and Antiadhesion Activities to Stainless Steel
Authors: Faure Emilie , Falentin‐Daudré Céline , Lanero Tiziana Svaldo , Vreuls Christelle , Zocchi Germaine , Van De Weerdt Cécile , Martial Joseph , Jérôme Christine , Duwez Anne‐Sophie , Detrembleur Christophe 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIn this work, long‐term antibacterial, antiadhesion, and antibiofilm activities are afforded to industrial stainless steel surfaces following a green and bio‐inspired strategy. Starting from catechol bearing synthetic polymers, the film cross‐linking and the grafting of active (bio)molecules are possible under environmentally friendly conditions (in aqueous media and at room temperature). A bio‐inspired polyelectrolyte, a polycation‐bearing catechol, is used as the film‐anchoring polymer while a poly(methacrylamide)‐bearing quinone groups serves as the cross‐linking agent in combination with a polymer bearing primary amine groups. The amine/quinone reaction is exploited to prepare stable solutions of nanogels in water at room temperature that can be easily deposited to stainless steel. This coating provides quinone‐functionalized surfaces that are then used to covalently anchor active (bio)molecules (antibiofilm enzyme and antiadhesion polymer) through thiol/quinone reactions.
Effects of Heteroatom Substitutions on the Crystal Structure, Film Formation, and Optoelectronic Properties of Diketopyrrolopyrrole‐Based Materials
Authors: Liu Jianhua , Walker Bright , Tamayo Arnold , Zhang Yuan , Nguyen Thuc‐Quyen 
Published: August 2012

AbstractSubstitution of the heteroatoms in the aromatic end‐groups of three diketopyrrolopyrrole containing small molecules is investigated to evaluate how such substitutions affect various physical properties, charge transport, and the performance in bulk heterojunction solar cells. While the optical absorption and frontier orbital energy levels are insensitive to heteroatom substitution, the materials' solubility, thermal properties, film morphology, charge carrier mobility, and photovoltaic performance are altered significantly. Differences in material properties are found to arise from changes in intra‐ and intermolecular interactions in the solid state caused by heteroatom substitution, as revealed by the single crystal structures of three compounds. This study demonstrates a systematic investigation of structure–property relationships in conjugated small molecules.
All‐cause mortality and cancer incidence among adults exposed to blue asbestos during childhood
Authors: Reid Alison , Franklin Peter , Olsen Nola , Sleith Jan , Samuel Latha , Aboagye‐Sarfo Patrick , de Klerk Nicholas , Musk A.W. (Bill) 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBackgroundThere are few data on the long‐term health outcomes of exposure to asbestos in childhood. This study investigated cancer and mortality of adults exposed to blue asbestos as children.MethodsData linkage to relevant health registries was used to identify cancers and mortality in a cohort of adults (n = 2,460) that had lived in an asbestos mining town during their childhood (<15 years).ResultsThere were 217 (93 female) incident cancers and 218 (70 female) deaths among the cohort. Compared with the Western Australian population females had elevated mesothelioma, ovarian and brain cancers, and increased “all cause” and “all cancer” mortality. Males had elevated mesothelioma, leukemia, prostate, brain, and colorectal cancers, and excess mortality from “all causes,” “all cancers,” circulatory disease, diseases of the nervous system, and accidents.ConclusionExposure to blue asbestos in childhood is associated with an increased risk of cancer and mortality in adults. Am. J. Ind. Med. 56:133–145, 2013. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A new liquid rubber‐assisted dispersion of organoclay in carbon black filled carboxylated acrylonitrile–butadiene rubber matrix
Authors: Sreenivasan Praveen , Ratna Debdatta , Albert Pradeesh , Somashekaran Jayendran , Raut Rohidas , Chakraborty Bikash Chandra 
Published: August 2012

AbstractA novel route for the preparation of rubber–carbon black–nanoclay (NC) nanocomposites with XNBR as a matrix and a carboxyl‐terminated copolymer of butadiene and acrylonitrile (CTBN) as a low‐molecular‐weight modifier for commercially available NC is presented in this article. The addition of NC to the rubber (after the NC was mixed with CTBN in a 2 : 1 ratio) showed remarkable improvement in the mechanical properties. The clay loading was varied from 0 to 10 parts per hundred rubber (phr). An amount of 20 phr N330 black was incorporated into all of the formulations. The properties were compared with those of a control XNBR compound having only 20 phr N330. X‐ray diffraction revealed a combination of a high level of intercalated and exfoliated structures in such nanocomposites. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed the improvement in dispersion as a result of addition of CTBN. A 127% increase in the tensile strength and a 53% increase in the elongation at break were achieved. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Migration of phthalate and non‐phthalate plasticizers out of plasticized PVC films into air
Authors: Tüzüm Demir A. P. , Ulutan S. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe aim of the present work is to provide information about the migration of phthalate and non‐phthalate plasticizers generally used in flexible polyvinyl chloride (PVC) applications. Plastisols (pastes) were prepared by mixing PVC, plasticizer, and thermal stabilizer. The plasticized PVC (p‐PVC) films are obtained by gelation at 160°C for 15 min. The p‐PVC films were heat treated at 50, 85, 100, 130, and 160°C up to 420 min to follow the mass loss to find out diffusivity of plasticizer out of films into air and to determine related activation energies. The films having di‐octyl terephthalate (DOTP) and di‐isononyl 1,2‐cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid (DINCH) exhibited the lowest mass loss in general, among the phthalate and non‐phthalate plasticizer having p‐PVC films, respectively, as confirmed by FTIR investigation. The same tendency was observed for diffusion coefficients and for the activation energies of migration. The diffusion coefficients were found to be around 3.5 × 10−18–2.1 × 10−17 m2/sec for the studied plasticizers in PVC at 50°C and around 4.0 × 10−15–9.9 × 10−14 m2/sec at 160°C. The activation energies for 85–160°C interval were determined to be between 70 and 153 kJ/mol (0.72–1.58 eV) for the plasticizers used herein those could be treated as a homologous series as deduced from the related compensation factors. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Analysis of audio magnetic tapes with sticky shed syndrome by ATR‐FTIR
Authors: Hobaica S. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractAudio magnetic tapes that are difficult to play may be affected by a form of degradation called “sticky shed syndrome” (SSS). SSS exhibits physical symptoms during playing such as squealing, not packing tightly on the reel and possible tape material loss during playing. This research investigated attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR‐FTIR) to identify spectroscopic markers for SSS in audio magnetic tapes with poly(ester urethane) (PEU) binder layer. This article presents results for applying this technique to 50 audio magnetic tapes from the Library of Congress (LC) collections. This technique and analysis is intended to be used as a tool in identifying audio magnetic tapes with SSS from the mid 1970s through the 90s for improved preservation and to increase workflow in libraries and archives. This ATR‐FTIR technique had a success rate of 71% for identifying SSS tapes and 86% for non‐SSS tapes. The research also discusses spectral and chemical changes in the PEU binder layer between SSS tapes, non‐SSS, and SSS tapes treated by baking including changes in hydrogen bonding of the carbonyl groups. The results support chemical/physical changes occurring in the soft segment of the PEU binder layer of SSS tapes. The absorption ratio of free to hydrogen bonded carbonyl groups was also correlated with SSS. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Synergistic effects of expandable graphite and ammonium polyphosphate with a new carbon source derived from biomass in flame retardant ABS
Authors: Zhang Yan , Chen Xiaoling , Fang Zhengping 
Published: August 2012

AbstractA novel flame retardant system, ammonium polyphosphate (APP), and expandable graphite (EG) with a new carbon source, poly(diphenolic phenyl phosphate) (poly(DPA‐PDCP)), derived from biomass has been proven to be effective in preventing melting drip and improving flame retardancy of acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene copolymer (ABS) in this study, which was manifested by limiting oxygen index (LOI) and vertical flammability (UL‐94) tests. The optimal synergy was exhibited at a loading of 30 wt % of three flame retardants in a proper ratio (APP/poly(DPA‐PDCP)/EG = 12/3/15). Thermogravimetric analysis result indicated the char residue and the thermal stability could be enhanced because of the synergistic effect of APP/poly(DPA‐PDCP)/EG, which is elaborated by a hypothesis of flame retardancy mechanism of the three components. The morphologies of cross‐section and char residue by SEM were also described. The dynamic mechanical analysis implied that APP/poly(DPA‐PDCP)/EG together can enhance the dynamic mechanical property of ABS. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Mechanical properties of block poly(propylene carbonate‐cyclohexyl carbonate) investigated by nanoindentation and DMA methodologies
Authors: Chen Shaoyun , Xiao Min , Wang Shuanjin , Han Dongmei , Meng Yuezhong 
Published: August 2012

AbstractTo extend the practical application of poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC), the chemical methods were used to improve its mechanical properties. In this connection, random copolymer poly(propylene‐cyclohexyl carbonate) (PPCHC) and di‐block copolymers poly(propylene carbonate‐cyclohexyl carbonate) (PPC‐PCHC) were synthesized. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), nanoindentation and nanoscratch test were applied to evaluate their mechanical properties. The storage's modulus, Young's modulus (E) and hardness (H) obtained from DMA and nanoindentation tests showed that the introduction of the third monomer cyclohexene oxide (CHO) can greatly improve the mechanical properties of PPC, and that the block copolymer PPC‐PCHC hand better mechanical properties than the random copolymer PPCHC. The annealing treated PPC‐PCHCs exhibited deteriorated mechanical properties as compared with untreated PPC‐PCHC. From the results of scratch tests, the plastic deformation of PPC‐PCHC was smaller than those of PPC and PPCHC. Meanwhile, the plastic deformations of the heat‐treated PPC‐PCHCs were smaller than the untreated PPC‐PCHC because of the possible rearrangement of the molecular chains of PPC‐PCHC. The scratch hardness (Hs) of the block copolymer PPC‐PCHC is larger than random polymer PPCHC and PPC, but lower than the values of heat‐treated samples indicating that the surfaces' hardness of block polymers increase after heat treatment. These different measurement methodologies provide a more precise assessment and understanding for the synthesized block polymers. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Magnetic Prospecting for the Archaeology of Classe (Ravenna)
Authors: Boschi Federica 
Published: August 2012

ABSTRACTThe town of Classe was founded at the beginning of the fifth century ad south of Ravenna. There are a few surviving monuments, such as the basilica of St Apollinare in Classe, as well as other important sites documented by the excavations of the University of Bologna and the Superintendence for Archaeological Heritage of Emilia Romagna. These are situated particularly in the areas of the commercial port and the Basilica of St Severo. Much of the remains of the ancient town are hidden beneath modern soils. An integrated project, initiated in 2005, was conducted to learn more about the buried remains and the ancient landscape of Classe. The project used historical and cartographic sources, geology and geomorphology studies, analysis of aerial photography, geophysical and remote sensing techniques, aerial and field walking surveys, and their integration with data from archaeological excavations. In order to obtain a synthesis of all the collected data, different data sets were processed and managed using a GIS platform. The paper presents some results of this research obtained from different geomagnetic prospecting systems in three relevant areas of Classe, particularly important for understanding the ancient urban topography of the site. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cancer chemotherapeutic agents as human teratogens
Authors: Selig Brady P. , Furr James R. , Huey Ryan W. , Moran Colin , Alluri Vinod N. , Medders Gregory R. , Mumm Christina D. , Hallford H. Gene , Mulvihill John J. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBACKGROUNDCancer is the second leading cause of death among women of reproductive age. Although the coincidence of pregnancy and cancer is rare and treatment may sometimes be safely delayed, the use of chemotherapeutic agents in pregnancy is sometimes unavoidable or inadvertent.METHODSWe review the literature for the use of antineoplastic agents in single‐agent and combination therapy from 1951 through June 2012. We also summarize the evidence relating to teratogenicity of disorder‐specific combination chemotherapy treatments for those malignancies frequently encountered in women of childbearing age. Major endpoints were called “adverse pregnancy outcomes” (APOs), to include structural anomalies (congenital malformations), functional defects, blood or electrolyte abnormalities, stillbirths, spontaneous abortions (miscarriages), and fetal, neonatal, or maternal deaths.RESULTSThe registry totals 863 cases. Rates of APOs (and congenital malformations) after any exposure were 33% (16%), 27% (8%), and 25% (6%), for first, second, and third trimesters. Among the groups of cancer drugs, antimetabolites and alkylating agents have the highest rates of APOs. Mitotic inhibitors and antibiotics seem more benign. Mixed results were observed from single‐agent exposure, often because of small numbers of exposures. As a whole, the alkylating agents and antimetabolites are more harmful when given as a single agent rather than as part of a regimen. First‐trimester exposure poses a more permanent risk to the fetus.CONCLUSIONSSystematic ascertainment of women early in pregnancy, preferably in a population base, is needed for assessment of true risks. Long‐term follow‐up is needed to rule out neurobehavioral effects. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 94:626–650, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Charge‐Transfer Interactions in Tris‐Donor–Tris‐Acceptor Hexaarylbenzene Redox Chromophores
Authors: Steeger Markus , Lambert Christoph 
Published: August 2012

AbstractSymmetric‐ and asymmetric hexaarylbenzenes (HABs), each substituted with three electron‐donor triarylamine redox centers and three electron‐acceptor triarylborane redox centers, were synthesized by cobalt‐catalyzed cyclotrimerization, thereby forming compounds with six‐ and four donor–acceptor interactions, respectively. The electrochemical‐ and photophysical properties of these systems were investigated by cyclovoltammetry (CV), as well as by absorption‐ and fluorescence spectroscopy, and compared to a HAB that only contained one neighboring donor–acceptor pair. CV measurements of the asymmetric HAB show three oxidation peaks and three reduction peaks, whose peak‐separation is greatly influenced by the conducting salt, owing to ion‐pairing and shielding effects. Consequently, the peak‐separations cannot be interpreted in terms of the electronic couplings in the generated mixed‐valence species. Transient‐absorption spectra, fluorescence‐solvatochromism, and absorption spectra show that charge‐transfer states from the amine‐ to the boron centers are generated after optical excitation. The electronic donor–acceptor interactions are weak because the charge transfer has to occur predominantly through space. Moreover, the excitation energy of the localized excited charge‐transfer states can be redistributed between the aryl substituents of these multidimensional chromophores within the fluorescence lifetime (about 60 ns). This result was confirmed by steady‐state fluorescence‐anisotropy measurements, which further indicated symmetry‐breaking in the superficially symmetric HAB. Adding fluoride ions causes the boron centers to lose their accepting ability owing to complexation. Consequently, the charge‐transfer character in the donor–acceptor chromophores vanishes, as observed in both the absorption‐ and fluorescence spectra. However, the ability of the boron center as a fluoride sensor is strongly influenced by the moisture content of the solvent, possibly owing to the formation of hydrogen‐bonding interactions between water molecules and the fluoride anions.
Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Hydroarylation of Methylenecyclopropanes through CH Bond Cleavage: Scope and Mechanism
Authors: Ackermann Lutz , Kozhushkov Sergei I. , Yufit Dmitry S. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIntermolecular hydroarylation reactions of highly strained methylenecyclopropanes 2‐phenylmethylenecyclopropane (1), 2,2‐diphenylmethylenecyclopropane (2), methylenespiropentane (3), bicyclopropylidene (4), (dicyclopropylmethylene)cyclopropane (5), and benzhydrylidenecyclopropane (6) through CH bond functionalization of 2‐phenylpyridine (7 a) and other arenes with directing groups were studied. The reaction was very sensitive to the substitution on the methylenecyclopropanes. Although these transformations involved (cyclopropylcarbinyl)–metal intermediates, substrates 1 and 4 furnished anti‐Markovnikov hydroarylation products with complete conservation of all cyclopropane rings in 11–93 % yield, whereas starting materials 3 and 5 were inert toward hydroarylation. Methylenecyclopropane 6 formed the products of formal hydroarylation reactions of the longest distal CC bond in the methylenecyclopropane moiety in high yield, and hydrocarbon 2 afforded mixtures of hydroarylated products in low yields with a predominance of compounds that retained the cyclopropane unit. As byproducts, Diels–Alder cycloadducts and self‐reorganization products were obtained in several cases from substrates 1–3 and 5. The structures of the most important new products have been unambiguously determined by X‐ray diffraction analyses. On the basis of the results of hydroarylation experiments with isotopically labeled 7 a‐[D5], a plausible mechanistic rationale and a catalytic cycle for these unusual ruthenium‐catalyzed hydroarylation reactions have been proposed. Arene‐tethered ruthenium–phosphane complex 53, either isolated from the reaction mixture or independently prepared, did not show any catalytic activity.
Carbonic Anhydrase Immobilized on Encapsulated Magnetic Nanoparticles for CO2 Sequestration
Authors: Vinoba Mari , Bhagiyalakshmi Margandan , Jeong Soon Kwan , Nam Sung Chan , Yoon Yeoil 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBovine carbonic anhydrase (BCA) was covalently immobilized onto OAPS (octa(aminophenyl)silsesquioxane)‐functionalized Fe3O4/SiO2 nanoparticles by using glutaraldehyde as a spacer. The Fe3O4 nanoparticles were coated with SiO2, onto which was grafted OAPS, and the product was characterized using SEM, TEM, XRD, IR, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and magnetometer analysis. The enzymatic activities of the free and Fe3O4/SiO2/OAPS‐conjugated BCA (FeCA) were investigated by hydrolyzing p‐nitrophenylacetate (p‐NPA), and hydration and sequestration of CO2 to CaCO3. The CO2 conversion efficiency and reusability of the FeCA were studied before and after washing the recovered FeCA by applying a magnetic field and quantifying the unreacted Ca2+ ions by using ion chromatography. After 30 cycles, the FeCA displayed strong activity, and the CO2 capture efficiency was 26‐fold higher than that of the free enzyme. Storage stability studies suggested that FeCA retained nearly 82 % of its activity after 30 days. Nucleation of the precipitated CaCO3 was monitored by using polarized light microscopy, which revealed the formation of two phases, calcite and valerite, at pH 10 upon addition of serine. The magnetic nanobiocatalyst was shown to be an excellent reusable catalyst for the sequestration of CO2.
Dependence of the Lifetime upon the Excitation Energy and Intramolecular Energy Transfer Rates: The 5D0 EuIII Emission Case
Authors: Ferreira Rute A. S. , Nolasco Mariela , Roma Ana C. , Longo Ricardo L. , Malta Oscar L. , Carlos Luis D. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIn many EuIII‐based materials, the presence of an intermediate energy level, such as ligand‐to‐metal charge transfer (LMCT) states or defects, that mediates the energy transfer mechanisms can strongly affect the lifetime of the 5D0 state, mainly at near‐resonance (large transfer rates). We present results for the dependence of the 5D0 lifetime on the excitation wavelength for a wide class of EuIII‐based compounds: ionic salts, polyoxometalates (POMs), core/shell inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) and nanotubes, coordination polymers, β‐diketonate complexes, organic–inorganic hybrids, macro‐mesocellular foams, functionalized mesoporous silica, and layered double hydroxides (LDHs). This yet unexplained behavior is successfully modelled by a coupled set of rate equations with seven states, in which the wavelength dependence is simulated by varying the intramolecular energy transfer rates. In addition, the simulations of the rate equations for four‐ and three‐level systems show a strong dependence of the emission lifetime upon the excitation wavelength if near‐resonant non‐radiative energy transfer processes are present, indicating that the proposed scheme can be generalized to other trivalent lanthanide ions, as observed for TbIII/CeIII. Finally, the proper use of lifetime definition in the presence of energy transfer is emphasized.
ChemInform Abstract: The Near Infrared Absorption Properties of W18O49.
Authors: Guo Chongshen , Yin Shu , Dong Qiang , Sato Tsugio 
Published: August 2012

AbstractHollow urchin‐like W18O49 nanoparticles are solvothermally synthesized from W(CO)6 dispersed in EtOH (autoclave, 200 °C, 24 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Cation‐Size‐Mismatch Tuning of Photoluminescence in Oxynitride Phosphors.
Authors: Chen Wei‐Ting , Sheu Hwo‐Shuenn , Liu Ru‐Shi , Attfield J. Paul 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe oxonitridoaluminosilicates M1.95Eu0.05Si5‐xAlx N8‐xOx (M: Ca, Sr, Ba; 0 ≤ x ≤ 1) are synthesized from stoichiometric mixtures of Ba3N2, Sr3N2, Ca3N2, α‐Si3N4, EuN, and Al2O3 (BN crucible, 0.5 MPa N2, 1600 °C, 2 h).
ChemInform Abstract: A New Ammine Dual‐Cation (Li, Mg) Borohydride: Synthesis, Structure, and Dehydrogenation Enhancement.
Authors: Sun Weiwei , Chen Xiaowei , Gu Qinfen , Wallwork Kia S. , Tan Yingbin , Tang Ziwei , Yu Xuebin 
Published: August 2012

AbstractLiMg(BH4)3(NH3)2 is synthesized by ball‐milling of a 1:2 mixture of Mg(BH4)2 and LiBH4·NH3 (argon atmosphere, 350 rpm, 6 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Polymorphism and Oxide Ion Migration Pathways in Fluorite‐Type Bismuth Vanadate, Bi46V8O89.
Authors: Kuang Xiaojun , Payne Julia L. , Farrell James D , Johnson Mark R. , Radosavljevic Evans Ivana 
Published: August 2012

AbstractA new polymorph of the title compound, β‐Bi46V8O89, is synthesized by solid state reaction of a stoichiometric mixture of Bi2O3 and V2O5 (700, 750, 800, and 825 °C, 12 h at each temperature, yield given in g).
ChemInform Abstract: Heterometallic, Hybrid, Heavy Main‐Group Iodometallates Containing Lanthanide Complexes: Template Synthesis, Structures, Thermal, Optical, Luminescent and Magnetic Properties.
Authors: Mishra Shashank , Jeanneau Erwann , Iasco Olga , Ledoux Gilles , Luneau Dominique , Daniele Stephane 
Published: August 2012

AbstractCompounds (III), (IV), and (VII) are characterized by single crystal XRD, magnetic measurements, and diffuse reflectance and luminescence spectroscopy.