bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing Multilingual Competence in Future Educators: Approaches, Challenges, and Best Practices
Authors: Tuimebayeva Gulimzhan , Shagrayeva Bibigul , Kerimbayeva Kulyash , Shertayeva Naila , Bitemirova Aliya , Abdurazova Perizat 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study provides a comprehensive analysis of multilingual education, highlighting key issues, methodologies, and future directions in this area. Based on the theoretical foundations of Vygotsky and Krashen, as well as practical approaches such as project-based learning and task-based language learning, the study highlights the importance of multilingual competence for future educators. The key findings highlight the need for reforms in teacher training, starting with teaching in the students’ native language, which promotes deep understanding and active participation in the educational process. Serious problems related to teacher resources and training are discussed, as well as the adaptation of teaching strategies to linguistic diversity. The presented results make a significant contribution to the existing literature, offering solutions to improve the effectiveness of multilingual educational strategies and their implications for future teaching practices. The recommendations of this study suggest areas for future research, including the development of comprehensive teacher training programs that will be adapted to the needs of a multilingual educational environment.
On the criteria of a measure of non-strict cosingularity in the description of spectral properties of operator matrix
Authors: Bouzidi Sana , Walha Ines 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we are interested to formulate new assumptions on the entries of an unbounded

3
×
3

3\times 3

block operator matrix defined with a maximal domain on the product of Banach spaces guaranteeing its corresponding Frobenius–Schur formula.
Our approach allows us to derive some original stability results intervening in the theory of perturbed lower semi-Fredholm operators involving the concept of a measure of non-strict cosingularity perturbation.
A new technique is presented to investigate the Weidmann and defect essential spectra of the closure of such model of operator matrix via new criterion of perturbation.
IcoSema: unveiling the future of diabetes management from a clinical pharmacology perspective
Authors: Seetharaman Rajmohan , Monteiro Rhea , Maradia Jay , Tripathi Raakhi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
IcoSema, a groundbreaking approach to diabetes management, combines insulin icodec and semaglutide to offer a transformative treatment option. Insulin icodec delivers consistent glucose-lowering effects with once-weekly dosing, while semaglutide, a GLP-1 agonist, stimulates insulin secretion and aids in weight loss. This comprehensive article evaluates the potential of IcoSema from a clinical pharmacology perspective, examining the pharmacokinetics, efficacy, safety, compliance and cost-effectiveness of its individual components, as well as considering comparable combination therapies like iGlarLixi and IDegLira. By analysing these crucial factors, the article aims to determine the potential of IcoSema in the field of diabetes management. The combination of insulin icodec and semaglutide has the potential to provide improved glycaemic control, weight management, and simplified treatment regimens, addressing common challenges faced in diabetes management. Safety, compliance and cost considerations are important aspects of evaluating this combination therapy. Ongoing trials investigating IcoSema are expected to provide valuable insights into its efficacy, safety and comparative effectiveness. By addressing concerns such as potential side effects, individual patient response and drug interactions, healthcare providers can optimize treatment outcomes and enhance the management of type 2 diabetes.
Performance parameters estimation of high speed Silicon/Germanium/InGaAsP avalanche photodiodes wide bandwidth capability in ultra high speed optical communication system
Authors: Gopalan Anitha , Arulmozhi Arumugam Krishnan , Pandian Manimaraboopathy Maruthu , Mohanadoss Priscilla , Dorairajan Nithya , Balaji Morasa , Taher Aziz Mahoumd 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper has clarified the performance parameters estimation of high speed silicon/germanium/InGaAsP avalanche photodiodes wide bandwidth capability in ultrahigh speed optical communication system. The basic structure configuration of avalanche photodiode is clarified. The basic depletion region configuration schematic view is demonstrated. As well as the maximum electric field is indicated for impact ionization through avalanche photodiode in the presence of load. Various avalanche photo-detectors multiplication factor is clarified versus reverse bias voltage at room temperature. Different avalanche photo-detectors dark current is measured against avalanche photo-detectors volume at room temperature. Various avalanche photo-detectors effective doping concentration is demonstrated against ambient temperature variations. Si/Ge/InGaAsP avalanche photo-detectors excess noise factor is demonstrated versus the ionization ratio at room temperature (T = 300 K) and different ambient temperature (T = 350 K andT = 400 K). Various avalanche photo-detectors excess noise factor is measured clearly versus the multiplication factor at room temperature. Si/Ge/InGaAsP avalanche photo-detectors excess noise factor is demonstrated versus reverse bias voltage at room temperature. Si/Ge/InGaAsP avalanche photo-detectors noise equivalent power is clarified versus multiplication factor at room temperature. Various avalanche photo-detectors noise equivalent power is studied versus temperature variations. Si/Ge/InGaAsP avalanche photo-detectors sensitivity is measured in relation to the temperature variations. Different avalanche photo-detectors sensitivity is demonstrated in relation to reverse bias voltage variations at room temperature.
Development of a peripheral blood morphology proficiency assessment program using the CellaVision® Proficiency Software
Authors: Ingalls Kimberly , O’Reilly Tish A. , Twohig Beverly , Conrad David M. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Proficiency programs allow hospital laboratories to evaluate and improve diagnostic performance. A cloud-based proficiency program was launched in 2017 to standardize peripheral blood morphology assessments in hospital laboratories across the province of Nova Scotia.

Methods
The CellaVision® Proficiency Software was used to evaluate peripheral blood morphology assessments. A different blood film featuring a specific red or white cell finding or normal morphology was evaluated each month. Each hospital’s proficiency slide completion and pass rates were monitored, which helped inform remediation efforts.

Results
In 2017, 213 medical laboratory technologists from 14 hospital laboratories enrolled in the proficiency program. The average completion rate for monthly proficiency assessments between 2017 and 2022 was 90 %. During that time, the pass rate increased from 59 to 95 % and 73 to 89 % for red and white blood cell assessments, respectively. By 2022, four hospital laboratories and 83 medical laboratory technologists stopped performing peripheral blood assessments.

Conclusions
The CellaVision® Proficiency Software facilitated a centralized peripheral blood morphology proficiency assessment program for geographically distributed hospital sites. The use of this software increased the quality of peripheral blood morphology assessments in Nova Scotia by simplifying the evaluation of and education on peripheral blood morphology skills.
Reading Twitter as a marketplace of ideas: how attitudes to COVID-19 are affecting attitudes to migrants in Ireland
Authors: Lucek Stephen , Phelan Dean 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Attitudes to language and attitudes to ethnic groups have long been shown to be related to one another. In recent history, significant events have also been shown to negatively affect attitudes to specific groups who are deemed to be responsible. The current paper looks at how the COVID-19 pandemic has emboldened those who hold far right attitudes to migrants in an Irish context. Through a Twitter scraping exercise, conducted in August 2020, we show that far right framings of migrants as (a) contagion or disease, (b) criminals, and (c) favoured or elites are clearly evident and considerably on the rise in these Irish data. This would seem to run contrary to a concurrent study in Germany. Thus, we then pair this quantitative Twitter data with qualitative observations of anti-mask protests as indicative of a broadening of the allure of far right political groups, with COVID-19 as the “leading edge”. Taken together, these data seem to run contrary to European Social Survey and comparative data, leading us to question how attitudes are elicited, measured, and reported.
Clinical applications and perspectives of immune checkpoint inhibitors in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Ru Liuyu , Zheng Jiwei 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) promote antitumour immune responses by blocking inhibitory signals expressed by T cells and have significant clinical benefits in the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). With the advancement of immunotherapy, an increasing number of ICIs have been developed or are in clinical trial stages. However, drug resistance and immune-related adverse events (irAEs) associated with ICIs have limited the clinical application of immunotherapy in OSCC, and the optimal drug regimen for ICIs and the optimal duration of ICIs administration also deserves to be further discussed. New therapeutic regimens and drug delivery technologies are key to promoting the further development of ICIs. This article elucidates the mechanism of ICIs’ action and presents a review of their clinical applications and current development status in OSCC. Additionally, it summarizes the current challenges and outlines future research directions for ICIs therapy, with the aim of offering fresh insights to researchers.
Standards for levels of lead in soil and dust around the world
Authors: Moyebi Omosehin D. , Lebbie Tamba , Carpenter David O. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Lead poisoning is a serious environmental health problem in every country in the world. Exposure to lead results in neurocognitive and behavioral changes, has adverse effects on the immune system, causes anemia, hypertension and perturbs other organ systems. The effects of lead poisoning are most critical for children because their bodies are growing and developing, and particularly because agents that reduce cognitive function and attention span as well as promote disruptive behavior will have life-long consequences. Lead exposure, especially to children, is a major health disparity issue. If the next generation starts with reduced cognitive ability, there will be significant barriers for development of skills and country-wide development. While there are many sources of exposure to lead, the commonest source is lead in soil and dust. Since lead is an element, it does not go away and past releases of lead into the environment remain as soil and dust contamination. This is an especially important route of exposure to children because children regularly play in soil and are exposed via hand-to-mouth activity. In addition to indoor sources of lead, contaminated soil is tracked on shoes or feet and blown by air currents into homes, accumulating in household dust which is a major source of exposure for both children and adults. The purpose of this review is to determine standards presumed to be health protective for lead and dust in different countries. We find that many countries have no standards for lead in soil and dust and rely on standards set by the World Health Organization or the US Environmental Protection Agency, and these standards may or may not be enforced. There is considerable variation in standards set by other countries.
The impact of genetic factors on the response to migraine therapy
Authors: Tsirelis Daniil , Tsekouras Alexandros , Stamati Polyxeni , Liampas Ioannis , Zoupa Elli , Dastamani Metaxia , Tsouris Zisis , Papadimitriou Anastasios , Dardiotis Efthimios , Siokas Vasileios 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Migraine is a multidimensional disease affecting a large portion of the human population presenting with a variety of symptoms. In the era of personalized medicine, successful migraine treatment presents a challenge, as several studies have shown the impact of a patient’s genetic profile on therapy response. However, with the emergence of contemporary treatment options, there is promise for improved outcomes. A literature search was conducted in PubMed and Scopus, in order to obtain studies investigating the impact of genetic factors on migraine therapy outcome. Overall, 23 studies were included in the current review, exhibiting diversity in the treatments used and the genetic variants investigated. Divergent genes were assessed for each category of migraine treatment. Several genetic factors were identified to contribute to the heterogeneous response to treatment. SNPs related to pharmacodynamic receptors, pharmacogenetics and migraine susceptibility loci were the most investigated variants, revealing some interesting significant results. To date, various associations have been recorded correlating the impact of genetic factors on migraine treatment responses. More extensive research needs to take place with the aim of shedding light on the labyrinthine effects of genetic variations on migraine treatment, and, consequently, these findings can promptly affect migraine treatment and improve migraine patients’ life quality in the vision of precise medicine.
Bioorganic macromolecules crowned zirconia nanoparticles: protein-rich fish mucus inspired synthesis and their antibacterial efficacy assessment
Authors: Subramanian Ramasamy , Chinnadurai Govindasamy , Suresh Raman , Santhamoorthy Madhappan , Periyasami Govindasami , Karthikeyan Perumal , Mohan Anandhu , Vy Phan Thi Tuong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The bioinorganic material, such as fish mucus macromolecules crowned zirconia nanoparticles (ZrO2 NPs) was synthesized via green methodology and has been investigated their efficacy on Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains that inhabit the oral cavity, gastrointestinal tracts, and colon. The environmentally benign synthesis methodology was used for fabricating biofunctionalized ZrO2 NPs with three different concentrations of C. striatus epidermal mucus. Spherical morphology with a size ranging from 7 to 25 nm of synthesized granular was identified by FESEM analysis. The powder XRD diffractions of synthesized ZrO2 NPs were confirmed with the previously reported standard literature. Upon being subjected to a primary microbial study, the synthesized ZrO2 NPs were shown to exhibit antibacterial activity against the tested bacterial pathogens. However, another Gram-negative bacterial stain, Proteus vulgaris shows almost similar efficiency to standard antibacterial drugs. Interestingly, all Gram-positive bacterial strains show a high zone of inhibition at higher concentrations of synthesized ZrO2 NPs. In general, the antibacterial activity study proved that the synthesized biofunctionalized ZrO2 NPs may be applied as an efficient health care beneficial material.
Depression as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and cognitive impairment in people aged 25-44 years
Authors: Gafarov V. V. , Sukhanov A. V. , Gromova E. A. , Gagulin I. V. , Gafarova A. V. 
Published: June 2024

Aim. To establish associations between the depression level as an independent cardiovascular risk factor and cognitive impairment (patterns of memory, attention and thinking) in people aged 25-44 years.Material and methods. In 2013-2016, a random representative sample of people aged 25-44 years was studied in one of the Novosibirsk districts. A total of 463 men (mean age 35,94±5,96 years) and 546 women (mean age 36,17±5,99 years) were examined. Standardized tests were used to assess cognitive function. Depression level was assessed according to the MOPSY (MONICA-psychosocial) World Health Organization program criteria.Results. In the surveyed random representative sample of people aged 25-44 years, the prevalence of higher education was the highest (60,5%). The depression prevalence in women was higher than in men: high depression level — 15,84 and 8,64%; the mean depression level was 25,71 and 21,3%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that the attention stability according to the dot cancellation test at a moderate and high depression level was reduced only in men with higher education, compared with those without depression (p=0,018). In persons of both sexes with secondary professional education in a random representative sample of persons aged 25-44 years, associations between depression and memory pattern disturbances were identified. In the resulting multivariate model, men in a random representative sample of persons aged 25-44 years without depression did not have any cognitive impairment in patterns of memory, attention and thinking.Conclusion. An association has been established between the depression and cognitive impairment (patterns of memory, attention and thinking) in people aged 25-44 years.
Associations of circulating adipokines and coronary artery disease in young adults
Authors: Khudiakova A. D. , Polonskaya Y. V. , Shcherbakova L. V. , Shramko V. S. , Kuzminykh N. A. , Kashtanova E. V. , Ragino Yu. I. 
Published: June 2024

Aim.To evaluate the associations of abdominal obesity (AO), adipokines and premature coronary artery disease (CAD) in young people for a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic diseases.Material and methods.A total of 1457 people were examined, including 653 (44,8%) men. Mean age was 36,7±6,0 years. Premature CAD was detected in 46 people, while 4 following subgroups were formed (138 people in total): with CAD and AO; with CAD, without AO; control groups by age and sex: without CAD, with AO; without CAD, without AO.Results.Premature CAD in young people is associated with an increase in non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C). Univariate analysis found that the probability of CAD increased by 1% with an increase in adiponectin level, and by 0,2% with an increase of 1 ng/ml in resistin level. Multivariate regression analysis, including sex, age, waist circumference, non-HD-C, adiponectin, and resistin, significant associations were obtained for non-HDL-C and adiponectin. With AO, the CAD probability increased by 0,6% with an increase in plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 level (PAI-1). However, when non-HDL-C was included in the model, significance for this biomarker was not achieved.Conclusion.In young people, CAD is associated with increased levels of non-HDL cholesterol, adiponectin, resistin and PAI-1. Independent associations with premature CAD were obtained only for adiponectin, which makes this marker promising for study in young people.
Chronic coronary artery disease: aspects of recording and coding in clinical practice (results of a survey of physicians)
Authors: Samorodskaya I. V. , Shepel R. N. , Kakorina E. P. , Drapkina O. M. 
Published: June 2024

Aim. To study the opinion of doctors about the applicability, frequency and criteria for practical use of codes of the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision (ICD-10) from the group of chronic coronary artery disease (CAD) — I25.0, I25.1, I25.8, I25.9.Material and methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted in the period from February 27, 2024 to March 11, 2024 on a continuous sample of medical workers who agreed to participate in an anonymous survey as respondents. The questionnaire consisted of an introductory, personal and main part, which consisted of 19 questions devoted to various aspects of chronic CAD coding at the doctor’s appointment and during preparing medical death certificate. This article presents the results of a survey of cardiologists (group 1) and internists/general practitioners/family physicians (group 2). The χ2 test was used to compare two groups. The Friedman test was used to test the hypothesis that the physicians' opinion about the use of different chronic CAD codes was random. The Kendall test was used to assess the agreement between physicians. Calculations were carried out using Microsoft Office Excel 2021 and SPSS-26.0.Results. A total of 883 doctors from 47 constituent entities of the Russian Federation took part in the survey. Half of the respondents believed that there are differences between the codes I25.0, I25.1, I25.8, I25.9 and that they are necessary for statistical recording. Although cardiologists (59,2%) were less likely than internists/general practitioners/family doctors (65,9%) to believe that one or more of the 4 codes analyzed could be used only on the basis of risk factors, differences did not reach significance (p=0,1). The need to confirm chronic CAD using paraclinical research methods varied from 57,3% for code I25.9 to 83,1% for code I25.1. In case of death of a patient from chronic CAD, almost a third of respondents do not see the differences between the 4 specified codes, but are ready to use them in different clinical setting. In addition, 14,6% responded that when filling out medical death certificates they would not use any of the 4 specified codes. There is no agreement among physicians regarding the use of codes in clinical practice (Kendall's coefficient of concordance 0,084; p<0,001) and as a cause of death (0,148; p<0,001).Conclusion. There is no unified stance among doctors on the rules and applicability of using at least 4 codes (I25.0, I25.1, I25.8, I25.9). To correctly assess morbidity and mortality rates from individual forms of chronic ACAD based on ICD-10 codes, guidelines that should include a description and consideration of all the most significant clinical scenarios of chronic CAD should be developed.
Comparative meta-analysis of implant-associated complications and spinal fusion incidence in Goel-Harms technique and posterior С<sub>1</sub>-С<sub>2</sub> transarticular screw fixation per F. Magerl
Authors: Grin A. A. , Talypov A. E. , Kordonskiy A. Yu. , Barbakadze Z. A. 
Published: June 2024

Transarticular fixation (TAF) of C1–C2 using the F. Magerl method and the Goеl–Harms technique (GHT) are the two most popular ways of forming spondylodesis at the atlantoaxial level. Nevertheless, comparative studies with a high level of evidence have not been published at present.The aim of the study was to conduct a comparative meta‑analysis of the incidence of implant‑associated complications and fusion. The initial search in revealed more than 5,000 abstracts, after applying filters, 202 studies were selected, of which 16 works were included in this study. According to the results of the meta‑analysis, no significant differences were found between the methods of Goel–Harms and F. Magerl in the duration of surgery and intraoperative blood loss, as well as in the frequency of postoperative implant‑associated complications and spinal fusion of C1–C2 vertebrae.