bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The transition from physical sibling abuse to bullying perpetration through trait anger: A longitudinal study
Authors: I. Lawrence Timothy , Wojciechowski Thomas , Fitzgerald Michael , T. Watson Stephen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectivesExperiencing physical sibling abuse is a form of family violence that is common but understudied. While it is often perceived as a normative aspect of sibling relationships, there are apparent behavioral consequences. The current study aims to advance the literature by utilizing the displaced aggression model and I3 theory to longitudinally examine trait anger as a pathway linking physical sibling abuse to bullying perpetration.MethodsUsing data from the Bullying, Sexual, and Dating Violence Trajectories from Early to Late Adolescence in the Midwestern United States, 2008–2013, adolescents (n = 851, M = 14.8 years) completed questionnaires at baseline and were reassessed 6 months later.ResultsResults suggested that when adolescents experience physical sibling abuse, they are more likely to engage in bullying perpetration. Mediation analyses indicated that as adolescents were physically abused by a sibling at home, they were more likely to report higher levels of trait anger, which subsequently increased their risk of engaging in bullying perpetration.ConclusionThese results suggest that experiencing physical sibling abuse has long‐term detrimental consequences, including elicitation of trait anger, subsequently predicting bullying perpetration.
From pill to pain: Alendronate‐induced esophageal injury—A case report and review
Authors: Fan Zhen , Khizar Hayat , Lu Jinjiao , Wang Anhua , Xun Tong , Zhang Xiao , Zhao Hongfeng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundAlendronate is used to treat Paget's bone disease, glucocorticoid‐induced osteoporosis, and postmenopausal osteoporosis because it suppresses osteoclast activity to stop bone resorption.Case reportWe present an exceptional case of esophagitis caused by alendronate. Blood tests and other data were normal when the patient was taken to the hospital, but an endoscopic examination revealed significant esophageal redness, erosion, and ulceration, along with pseudomembrane. The patient was given medicine after receiving a diagnosis of alendronate pill‐induced esophagitis based on the pathological findings.ConclusionThis case report is a timely reminder of the importance of thorough pharmacovigilance, patient education, and smart therapeutic decision‐making in the context of alendronate use. To properly treat and prevent problems with the esophagus caused by alendronate, additional research is required.
MELD3.0 is superior to MELDNa and MELD for prediction of mortality in patients with cirrhosis: An external validation in a multi‐ethnic population
Authors: Lin Hong‐Yi , Loi Pooi Ling , Ng Jeanette , Shen Liang , Teo Wei‐Quan , Chung Amber , Raj Prema , Chang Jason Pik‐Eu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and AimThe model for end‐stage liver disease (MELD) was updated to MELDNa and recently to MELD3.0 to predict survival of cirrhotic patients. We validated the prognostic performance of MELD3.0 and compared with MELDNa and MELD amongst cirrhotic inpatients.MethodsDemographical, clinical, biochemical, and survival data of cirrhotic inpatients in Singapore General Hospital (SGH) from 01 January 2018 to 31 December 2018, were studied retrospectively. Patients were followed up from first admission in 2018 until death or until 01 April 2023. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROC) were computed for the discriminative effects of MELD3.0, MELDNa, and MELD to predict 30‐, 90‐, and 365‐day mortalities. AUROC was compared with DeLong's test. The cutoff MELD3.0 score for patients at high risk of 30‐day mortality was determined using Youden's Index. Survival curves of patients with MELD3.0 score above and below the cutoff were estimated with Kaplan–Meier method and compared with log‐rank analysis.ResultsTotally 862 patients were included (median age 71.0 years [interquartile range, IQR: 64.0–79.0], 65.4% males, 75.8% Chinese). Proportion of patients with Child‐Turcotte‐Pugh classes A/B/C were 55.5%/35.5%/9.0%. Median MELD3.0/MELDNa/MELD scores were 12.2 (IQR: 8.7–18.3)/11.0 (IQR: 8.0–17.5)/10.3 (IQR: 7.8–15.0). Median time of follow‐up was 51.9 months (IQR: 8.5–59.6). The proportion of 30‐/90‐/365‐day mortalities was 5.7%/13.2%/26.9%. AUROC of MELD3.0/MELDNa/MELD in predicting 30‐, 90‐, and 365‐day mortalities, respectively, were 0.823/0.793/0.783, 0.754/0.724/0.707, 0.682/0.654/0.644 (P < 0.05). Optimal cutoff to predict 30‐day mortality was MELD3.0 > 19 (sensitivity = 67.4%, specificity = 82.4%). Patients with MELD3.0 > 19, compared with patients with MELD3.0 ≤ 19, had shorter median time to death (98.0 days [IQR: 28.8–398.0] vs 390.0 days [IQR: 134.3–927.5]), and higher proportion of 30‐day mortality (68.8% vs 43.0%) (P < 0.001).ConclusionMELD3.0 performs better than MELDNa and MELD in predicting mortality in cirrhotic inpatients. MELD3.0 > 19 predicts higher 30‐day mortality.
Impact of tumor proximity to vessel on conversion in laparoscopic liver resection: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Sakamoto Akimasa , Ogawa Kohei , Shine Mikiya , Nishi Yusuke , Nagaoka Tomoyuki , Honjo Masahiko , Tamura Kei , Sakamoto Katsunori , Funamizu Naotake , Takada Yasutsugu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundAlthough various difficulty scoring systems have been proposed for laparoscopic liver resection (LLR), details remain uncertain regarding distance between the tumor and vessels as a factor of difficulty. We aimed to examine the risk factors for conversion to open hepatectomy in LLR, including distance between tumor and vessels.MethodsBetween January 2012 and December 2022, 118 patients who underwent LLR were retrospectively enrolled and their perioperative characteristics were evaluated.ResultsA total of 10 cases (8.5%) were converted to open hepatectomy during LLR. The conversion group had lower platelet count, shorter distance between the tumor and a medium vessel (defined as diameter of 5–10 mm), and greater tumor depth compared with the pure LLR group. Receiver‐operating characteristic curve analysis identified 10 mm as the optimal cutoff value of tumor proximity to a medium vessel (sensitivity, 80.0%, specificity, 78.7%, AUC 0.817) for predicting conversion. In multivariate analysis, lower platelet count (p = .028) and tumor proximity within 10 mm to a medium vessel (p = .001) were independent risk factors for conversion in LLR.ConclusionsOur study suggests tumor proximity within 10 mm to a medium vessel and lower platelet count as predictors of unfavorable intraoperative conversion in LLR.
Visibility of the biliary orifice after precut papillotomy: Comparison between white light imaging and texture and color enhancement imaging
Authors: Toyonaga Haruka , Kin Toshifumi , Yamazaki Hajime , Ando Ryo , Iwano Kosuke , Nakamura Risa , Ishii Tatsuya , Hayashi Tsuyoshi , Takahashi Kuniyuki , Katanuma Akio 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundPrecut papillotomy is performed in cases of difficult biliary cannulation, but identification of the biliary orifice is difficult. Texture and color enhancement imaging (TXI) can enhance the structure, color, and brightness. This study compared TXI and white light imaging (WLI) in visibility of biliary orifices.MethodsWe retrospectively examined 20 patients who underwent bile duct cannulation using both WLI and TXI after precut papillotomy at our center between 2021 and 2022. On WLI and TXI images displayed in random order, bile duct orifice on precut‐incision surface of each image was independently evaluated by eight evaluators. Single‐indication accuracy rate of biliary orifices, visibility score rated on a 4‐grade scale, and color difference between the biliary orifice and the surrounding tissue were examined.ResultsThe single‐indication accuracy rate was higher in TXI compared to WLI (50.6% vs. 35.6%, odds ratio 2.26 [95% CI: 1.32–3.89], p = .003). The time to indicate the biliary orifice was comparable between TXI and WLI (median, 9.7 s [range, 2.6–43] vs. 10.9 s [1.5–64], p = .086). Furthermore, the visibility score was higher in TXI than in WLI (median, 3 [interquartile range, 2–3] vs. 2 [2, 3], p < .001), and the color difference between the biliary orifice and surrounding tissue in TXI was more pronounced than in WLI (median, 22.9 [range, 9.39–55.2] vs. 18.0 [6.48–43.0]; p < .001).ConclusionsTXI enhanced the color difference and visibility of the biliary orifice after precut and improved single‐indication accuracy rate, suggesting that it could be useful for biliary cannulation after precut papillotomy.
Recent advances in TBHP‐promoted heterocyclic ring construction via annulation/cyclization
Authors: Varala Ravi , Seema Vittal , Amanullah Mohammed , Alam Mohammed Mujahid 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOne of the most often utilized hydroperoxides in an array of oxidation strategies is tert‐butyl hydroperoxide (tBuOOH, TBHP). The key reasons for rising utility of TBHP are its low cost, environmental friendliness, high efficiency, and ability to replace hazardous or rare heavy metal oxidants. In this sexennial update, we concisely and critically discussed the applications of TBHP in heterocyclic ring formations starting from 2018 to date. Merits and demerits of its utility, scope of a synthetic organic transformation along with mechanistic logistics are the key features of this review.
Real‐world use of glucocorticoids and clinical outcomes in adults hospitalized with community‐acquired pneumonia on medical wards
Authors: Malecki Sarah , Loffler Anne , Liao Fangming , Hora Tejasvi , Agarwal Arnav , Lail Sharan , Roberts Surain B. , McFadden Derek , Gupta Samir , Razak Fahad , Verma Amol A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known about the real‐world use of systemic glucocorticoids to treat patients hospitalized with community‐acquired pneumonia (CAP) outside of the intensive care unit (ICU).MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included 11,588 hospitalizations for CAP without chronic pulmonary disease at seven hospitals in Ontario, Canada. We report physician‐level variation in the use of glucocorticoids and trends over time. We investigated the association between glucocorticoid prescriptions and clinical outcomes, using propensity score overlap weighting to account for confounding by indication.ResultsGlucocorticoids were prescribed in 1283 (11.1%) patients, increasing over time from 10.0% in 2010 to 11.9% in 2020 (p = .008). Physician glucocorticoid prescribing ranged from 2.9% to 34.6% (median 10.0%, inter quartile range [IQR]: 6.7%–14.6%). Patients receiving glucocorticoids tended to be younger (median age 73 vs. 79), have higher Charlson comorbidity scores (score of 2 or more: 42.4% vs. 31.0%), more cancer (26.6% vs. 13.2%), more renal disease (11.5% vs. 6.6%), and less dementia (7.8% vs. 14.8%). Patients treated with glucocorticoids had higher rates of in‐hospital mortality (weighted Risk Difference = 1.72, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.16–3.3, p = .033). Glucocorticoid use was not associated with ICU admission, hospital length‐of‐stay, or 30‐day readmission.ConclusionGlucocorticoids were prescribed in 11.1% of patients hospitalized with CAP outside of ICU and one in four physicians prescribed glucocorticoids in more than 14% of patients. Glucocorticoid use was associated with greater in‐hospital mortality, although these findings are limited by large selection effects. Clinicians should exercise caution in prescribing glucocorticoids for nonsevere CAP, and definitive trials are needed in this population.
Organized precipitation and associated large‐scale circulation patterns over the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Luong Thang M. , Dasari Hari P. , Doan Quang‐Van , Alduwais Abdulilah K. , Hoteit Ibrahim 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) is characterized by a desert climate, with rainfall mainly occurring during the cooler months (November–April) and sometimes in conjunction with intense extratropical systems that can cause serious damage and casualties. Given the vast size of KSA, there are gaps in understanding the association between large‐scale atmospheric circulations and local organized rainfall events, and in characterizing the diversity of this association. To address these gaps, we analyse an in‐house 5‐km horizontal grid spacing regional atmospheric reanalysis that has been specifically generated for the Arabian Peninsula to explore the mechanisms behind the organized rainfall events over KSA. Nine major regions with distinct climate regimes were objectively selected to represent KSA rainfall climatology. The results demonstrate that organized thunderstorms over KSA only occur under sufficient moisture and environmental instabilities. Mesoscale convective systems responsible for organized rainfall generally develop and propagate with low‐level moisture flow from the nearby seas (the Red Sea to the west and Arabian Gulf to the east) toward the desert. In the central part of KSA, the most frequent physical mechanism responsible for rainfall is winter extratropical influence, followed by spring extratropical–tropical interactions, and spring tropical influence. The east coast is characterized by two rainfall modes: a continuous southwest–northeast rain corridor and concentrated southwestern rain. Large‐scale organized convection following three physically distinct mechanisms (extratropical, transition and tropical) is revealed along the west coast.
Beyond weakness: Exploring intramuscular fat and quadriceps atrophy in ACLR recovery
Authors: White McKenzie S. , Ogier Augustin C. , Chenevert Thomas L. , Zucker Elizabeth , Stoneback Luke , Michel Constance P. , Palmieri‐Smith Riann M. , Lepley Lindsey K. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMuscle weakness following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) increases the risk of posttraumatic osteoarthritis (OA). However, focusing solely on muscle weakness overlooks other aspects like muscle composition, which could hinder strength recovery. Intramuscular fat is a non‐contractile element linked to joint degeneration in idiopathic OA, but its role post‐ACLR has not been thoroughly investigated. To bridge this gap, we aimed to characterize quadriceps volume and intramuscular fat in participants with ACLR (male/female = 15/9, age = 22.8 ± 3.6 years, body mass index [BMI] = 23.2 ± 1.9, time since surgery = 3.3 ± 0.9 years) and in controls (male/female = 14/10, age = 22.0 ± 3.1 years, BMI = 23.3 ± 2.6) while also exploring the associations between intramuscular fat and muscle volume with isometric strength. Linear mixed effects models assessed (I) muscle volume, (II) intramuscular fat, and (III) strength between limbs (ACLR vs. contralateral vs. control). Regression analyses were run to determine if intramuscular fat or volume were associated with quadriceps strength. The ACLR limb was 8%−11% smaller than the contralateral limb (p < 0.05). No between‐limb differences in intramuscular fat were observed (p = 0.091−0.997). Muscle volume but not intramuscular fat was associated with strength in the ACLR and control limbs (p < 0.001−0.002). We demonstrate that intramuscular fat does not appear to be an additional source of quadriceps dysfunction following ACLR and that muscle size only explains some of the variance in muscle strength.
Large‐Scale Lensless Microscopy with Fast Acquisition and Region‐Wise Focusing
Authors: Zhou You , Song Weizhi , Wu Linyuan , Fan Lin , Wang Junjia , Jiang Shaowei , Ma Zhan , Xiong Bo , Cao Xun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLensless microscopy provides a wide field of view (FOV) determined by the image sensor size, allowing visualization of large sample areas. Coupled with advanced and even pixel super‐resolution phase retrieval algorithms, it can achieve resolutions up to the sub‐micron level, enabling both large‐FOV and high‐resolution imaging. However, high‐throughput lensless imaging encounters challenges in rapid data acquisition and large‐scale phase retrieval. Furthermore, when examining biological samples over a large FOV, focal plane inconsistencies often emerge among distinct regions. This study introduces a fast acquisition and efficient reconstruction method for coherent lensless imaging. Multiple measurements are manually modulated using an axial translation stage and sequentially captured by an image sensor, requiring no hardware synchronization. Optical parameter calibration, region‐wise auto‐focusing, and region‐wise phase retrieval algorithms are integrated to establish a general parallel computing framework for rapid, efficient, and high‐throughput lensless imaging. Experimental results demonstrate a 7.4 mm × 5.5 mm FOV and 1.38 µm half‐pitch resolution imaging of human skin and lung tumor sections with region‐wise focusing, requiring ≈0.5‐s acquisition time and 17‐s reconstruction time. By incorporating pixel super‐resolution, a 0.98 µm half‐pitch resolution is achieved in full‐FOV peripheral blood smears without additional data required, advantageous for discerning hollow shapes and segmenting blood cells.
Unlocking the Potential of Polythioesters
Authors: Woodhouse Adam W. , Kocaarslan Azra , Garden Jennifer A. , Mutlu Hatice 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAs the demand for sustainable polymers increases, most research efforts have focused on polyesters, which can be bioderived and biodegradable. Yet analogous polythioesters, where one of the oxygen atoms has been replaced by a sulfur atom, remain a relatively untapped source of potential. The incorporation of sulfur allows the polymer to exhibit a wide range of favorable properties, such as thermal resistance, degradability, and high refractive index. Polythioester synthesis represents a frontier in research, holding the promise of paving the way for eco‐friendly alternatives to conventional polyesters. Moreover, polythioester research can also open avenues to the development of sustainable and recyclable materials. In the last 25 years, many methods to synthesize polythioesters have been developed. However, to date no industrial synthesis of polythioesters has been developed due to challenges of costs, yields, and the toxicity of the by‐products. This review will summarize the recent advances in polythioester synthesis, covering step‐growth polymerization, ring‐opening polymerization (ROP), and biosynthesis. Crucially, the benefits and challenges of the processes will be highlighted, paying particular attention to their sustainability, with the aim of encouraging further exploration and research into the fast‐growing field of polythioesters.
How do firms design R&D cooperation contracts with innovation institutes by considering the impacts of selective subsidy?
Authors: Wu Aiping , Li Hua , Du Danyang , Guo Wei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn an R&D cooperation with an innovation institution, the firm needs to design an efficient cooperation contract to enhance the cooperation efficiency under asymmetric information. Many governments encourage innovation through selective subsidies, whose review and supervision do disclose more information. However, the existing studies have ignored these impacts on designing R&D cooperation contracts. Thus, this paper constructs game models of R&D cooperation to obtain the optimal contract terms under different subsidy strategies and then further discusses the impacts of selective subsidy on R&D contract design.
Differential Performance of Xanthophylls in Combination with Phenol Classes against H2O2‐Induced Oxidative Stress: An In Vitro Analysis Using Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells
Authors: Hu Weili , Kim Jung Eun 
Published: June 2024

ScopeXanthophylls, vital for ocular defense against blue light and reactive oxygen species, are prone to oxidative degradation; however, they may be regenerated antioxidant‐rich plant phenols. Despite certain in vitro evidence, clinical studies show inconsistent findings and this may be due to varying phenolic reduction potentials. Therefore, the current study aims to investigate the ocular protective effect of various plant phenols combined with xanthophyll.Methods and resultsHuman retinal pigment epithelial cells (ARPE‐19) are subjected to oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) after xanthophyll and phenol pretreatment. Assessments include xanthophyll uptake, total antioxidant capacity, cell viability, intracellular reactive oxygen species levels, apoptosis, phagocytosis, and vascular endothelial growth factor formation. The study finds that while the combination of lutein with phenols does not show significant protective effects compared to lutein‐only, zeaxanthin combined with phenols exhibits enhanced protection compared to both the zeaxanthin‐only and control groups.ConclusionThe research reveals the complex relationship between xanthophylls and phenols, suggesting that the advantageous effects of their combination might vary among different xanthophylls. Caution is necessary when applying molecular theories to ocular health, and this necessitates further research, serving as a basis for proposing clinical trials to evaluate the efficacy of specific xanthophyll and phenol combinations.
Nursing researchers' concern about research activities during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A secondary analysis of longitudinal survey data in Japan
Authors: Mitoma Miwa , Tanaka Makiko , Shimpuku Yoko , Yokota Shinichiroh , Yoshinaga Naoki 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) pandemic has negatively affected research activities across various fields. This study aimed to determine nursing researchers' concerns about research activities during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Japan and subsequent changes brought on by it. For this study, we conducted descriptive statistics and text mining analyses using data from two surveys conducted by the Japan Academy of Nursing Science (JANS) in the early days of the pandemic (first survey: mid‐2020) and after 2 years (second survey: early 2022). Concerns about research activities were observed in 89% and 80% of the nursing researchers in the first and second surveys, respectively. Furthermore, concerns about “Difficulty in collecting research data” and “Content and quality of your research” were stronger in the second survey. Text mining analyses revealed that in the first survey, they were concerned about environmental changes and restrictions when proceeding with research during the COVID‐19 pandemic, which was unfamiliar at the time. In the second survey, after overcoming environmental changes in the early stages of the pandemic, nursing researchers' concerns shifted to anxiety about the future, such as concerns about degree acquisition, employment and career advancement, and research results. The current study highlights various concerns among nursing researchers regarding research activities that have evolved over time during the pandemic. Academic societies must flexibly construct support measures for nursing researchers when a new infectious disease occurs. Such measures should be sensitive to the prevailing social circumstances and the evolving needs of researchers.
Cover Image
Authors: Yu Zeyang , Kanbargi Nihal , Gupta Sumit , Shin Yongsoon , Qiao Yao , Bowland Christopher C. , Merkel Daniel R. , Simmons Kevin L. , Naskar Amit K. 
Published: June 2024

The cover image is based on the Research Article Acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐lignin thermoplastic rubber adhesive for enhanced metal‐to‐metal joining by Zeyang Yu et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.28258.image