bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P03-152 - Atypical Antipsychotics: Causing Craziness in Glucose Regulation?
Authors: Xiu P.Y. , Patil A.D. , Agius M. , Zaman R. 
Published: June 2010

IntroductionHyperglycemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus are more common in schizophrenia than in the general population. Presence of type 2 diabetes would limit the use of many atypical antipsychotics and also as a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, therefore it is important that the role atypical antipsychotics play in this glucose dysregulation is ascertained.ObjectivesTo analyse current experimental literature on anti-psychotic dysregulation of glucose metabolism; reviewing clinical evidence already available.MethodsPubMed - searched with MeSH term “anti-psychotics”, with additional terms; “schizophrenia”, “diabetes”, “glucose”, “treatment”ResultsThe central effects of atypical anti-psychotics that may induce a metabolic dysregulation are mediated by neurotransmitter receptor antagonism, particularly the histamine-1 and serotonin-2C receptors. In the periphery, many of the mechanisms postulated are dependent on weight gain and serum fatty acid level. Resistance to anorexigenic endocrine factors and elevated levels of the orexigenic agents adiponectin and ghrelin, may also be induced by certain anti-psychotics. Anti-psychotics could play a role in accelerating an existing insulin resistance as current literature suggests an existing CSF glucose metabolism dysregulation in anti-psychotic drug naïve patients. Deficits have also been implicated in schizophrenia pathogenesis, raising the possibility of co-morbidity.ConclusionThe clinical implications of this phenomenon are significant and until anti-psychotics are developed, that minimises this metabolic disturbance, precautions should be taken. Dietary counselling, and administration of anti-diabetic drugs such as Metformin may aid the reduction in insulin resistance while switching to more appriopriate anti-psychotics has been shown to be beneficial.
P03-154 - Serum Levels of S100B Proteins as a Marker of Positive Psychopathology in Schizophrenic Inpatients
Authors: Morera-Fumero A.L. , Diaz-Mesa E. , Abreu-Gonzalez P. , Henry M. , Jimenez-Sosa A. , Garcia-Valdecasas-Campelo J. , Intxausti A. , Fernandez-Lopez L. , Yelmo S. , Gracia-Marco R. 
Published: June 2010

IntroductionSchizophrenia is a chronic disease. Several etiopathogenic aetiologies have been posed, among them the existence of cerebral inflammation. S100B is a calcium-binding protein, mainly produced and secreted by astrocytes, that mediates the interaction among glial cells and between glial cells and neurons. Serum S100B levels have been proposed as a peripheral marker of brain inflammation.ObjectivesThe aim of this research is to study if the serum level of the protein S100B has relationship with positive psychopathology.Methods31 paranoid schizophrenic inpatients (22 male and 9 female, 36.7±10.3 years) meeting DSM-IV criteria participated in the study. Blood was sampled by venipuncture at 12:00 and 24:00 hours. Blood extractions were carried out during the first 48 hours after hospital admission. Psychopathology was assessed by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Serum S100B levels were measured by sandwich ELISA techniques.ResultsCorrelations between serum levels of S100B protein and PANSS positive scores are shown in the following table. The first figure corresponds to the Pearson's correlation coefficient, while the figure in brackets corresponds to its statistical significance.S100BTotal Positive ScoreDelusionsConceptual disorganizationHallucinationsHyperactivityGrandiositySuspiciousness/ persecutionHostility12:000.354 (0.051)0.210 (0.249)0.291 (0.106)0.412 (0.019)-0.128 (0.486)0.274 (0.135)0.010 (0.957)0.026 (0.887)24:000.462 (0.009)0.266 (0.141)0.446 (0.011)0.345 (0.053)-0.148 (0.419)0.486 (0.006)0.064 (0.728)0.013 (0.942)[panss]ConclusionsSerum levels of S100B protein may be used as a biological marker of positive psychopathology in paranoid schizophrenia.Acknowledgement
P03-16 - Causes and First Symptoms of Schizophrenia Relapse
Authors: Adomaitienė V. , Jaras A. , Lauciūtė E. , Liugailaitė S. , Dambrauskienė K. 
Published: June 2010

One of the main challenges of contemporary psychiatry in treating patients with schizophrenia is the early diagnostics and timely prevention of relapse of this disorder.ObjectiveThe goal of the study was to find the potential causes of psychotic episode recurrence and its first symptoms in rehospitalized patients with schizophrenia.MethodsPatients with schizophrenia, who were urgently hospitalized to KUM Psychiatry clinic and had less than three psychotic episodes, took part in the study (N=97). Medical documentation and a structured questionnaire, designed by the authors, were used to evaluate anamnesis data.ResultsThe main causes of relapse were: willful discontinuation of psychopharmacotherapy (50% of the cases), spontaneous relapses without any clear exogenous cause (20%), and onetime alcohol intoxication (8%). The patients and their family members indicated the following first symptoms of relapse: anxiety, fear (73%), sleep disorders (62%), aggression (52%), delusions and/ or hallucinations (37%). The symptoms tended to occur in combinations rather than individually.ConclusionsCauses and symptoms of schizophrenia relapse differ from patient to patient. It is possible to prevent the relapse knowing the common causes and first symptoms, because most of the patients are able to detect the first symptoms themselves.
P03-19 - Schizophrenia and Perception of Health
Authors: Arnaiz A. , Barreiro A. , Uriarte J.J. , Bilbao I. , Domaica B. 
Published: June 2010

It means quality of life according to WHO (1993) “The perception of an individual of his situation in life, within the cultural context and values in which they live and in relation to their objectives, expectations, values and interests”. The aim of the present study is to know the subjective perception of the schizophrenics on their health.MethodA sample of 67 patients receiving care in community mental health services (day hospital) has been evaluated using the SF-36 scale. The results were compared with the population national values of reference to the same scale.ResultsWe found statistically significant differences between groups for the following items: General Health (t =-2,81; p=0,004), Vitality (t =-3,37; P=0,000; Social Functioning t =-4.11; p = 0,000); Emotional Role (t =-2,269; p=0,023) and Mental Health (T =-2,67; p = 0,007).ConclusionsThe studied patients have a worse perception it brings over of his general health that the rest of the Spanish population; likewise they perceive a major detriment as for his social functioning that is a rest of the Spanish population. This way, the physical health of the patients with schizophrenia needs a control and a specific follow-up to guarantee that his life expectancy, his quality of life and his social functioning are similar to those of the general population.
P03-25 - Neuroticism as a Moderating Factor in the Association of Schizotypy Dimensions and Psychopathology in a Non-Clinical Sample
Authors: Barrantes-Vidal N. , Ros-Morente A. , Kwapil T.R. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesAffective temperament-based personality traits such as neuroticism have been found to be related to schizophrenia and schizotypy. However, studies thus far have not clarified the differential association of neuroticism with individual schizotypy dimensions and the role it plays in the expression of schizophrenia-spectrum phenomena.Methods204 nonclinically ascertained participants completed self-report questionnaires assessing neuroticism and the positive and negative schizotypy dimensions, and underwent structured interviews assessing schizophrenia-spectrum psychopathology (psychotic-like experiences, negative symptoms, cluster A personality disorders), mood episodes, substance abuse, and global functioning.ResultsResults indicated that neuroticism predicted positive symptoms of schizophrenia and depression, over and above the effects of both schizotypy dimensions. Also, neuroticism moderated the association of positive schizotypy with interview measures of psychopathology and functioning.ConclusionsThe results of this study support other research indicating that neuroticism is etiologically relevant for spectrum psychopathology and that it cannot be considered solely a ‘secondary effect’ of spectrum disorders. Current psychological models of psychosis can accomodate the finding of neuroticism being a shared vulnerability factor for affective and psychotic disorders.
P03-29 - Reduced Cardio-Respiratory Coupling Indicates Suppression of Vagal Activity in Healthy Relatives of Patients with Schizophrenia
Authors: Berger S. , Boettger M.K. , Yeragani V.K. , Tancer M. , Bär K.-J. 
Published: June 2010

Previous studies have observed reduced vagal modulation in patients with acute schizophrenia and their first degree relatives, thus suggesting a genetic predisposition.To investigate vagal modulation at brain stem level, we investigated the coupling between heart rate and breathing as a putative measure of central autonomic function in 19 patients, 19 of their relatives and 19 matched control subjects. The interaction of heart rate and breathing was investigated in all groups applying the non-linear parameter cross-ApEn, indicating the asynchrony between both time series.The main finding of our study is a significantly increased cross-ApEn value, indicating reduced central vagal modulation both in relatives and patients suffering from schizophrenia.Our results suggest that autonomic dysfunction in schizophrenia is present in first-degree relatives not only at the target organs as shown previously, but also affects the central vagal component.
P03-30 - Adjunctive Treatment with Naltrexone in Patients with Schizophrenia and Substance use Disorder: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study
Authors: Berman J. , Savu R. , Berman I. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesSubstance abuse frequently occurs in schizophrenia and has a poor prognosis. In 85 patients with schizophrenia from a long-term psychiatric hospital we previously examined the clinical impact of substance abuse and found that 48% of patients had comorbid substance use disorders and that they responded less to treatment. Naltrexone has been used in patients without schizophrenia for the treatment of substance use disorder. Consequently, we conducted a double-blind controlled study of adjunctive treatment with naltrexone or placebo in patients with schizophrenia with co-morbid substance use disorders to determine whether naltrexone would improve outcome.MethodsThirty-seven patients entered the study and were randomized to placebo vs. naltrexone 50mg/day. The monthly assessments included the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale for Schizophrenia (PANSS), Global Assessment Scale (GAF), and the Quality of Life Scale (QLS). We used an analysis of variance of the change scores between final visit and baseline with the last visit carried over.ResultsAll patients improved in PANSS and QLS but those on naltrexone improved less with a statistically significant group difference between the PANSS total (F=6.5, p≤0.03) and general symptom change scores (F=4.2, p≤0.04) when weighted for the Michigan Alcohol Screening (MAS).ConclusionsBoth groups of patients improved in this controlled setting where patients refrained from substance abuse; those on naltrexone improved less, however. As patients with schizophrenia have pervasive neuroreceptor deficits, it is possible that they have deficits in the opioid system suggesting that the addition of the opioid-blocker naltrexone may be counterproductive.
P03-31 - Demographic Factors and Neuropsychological Tests Solutions in Schizophrenia Subjects
Authors: Bieliński M. , Szwed K. , Borkowska A. 
Published: June 2010

IntroductionSchizophrenia is very common, chronic illness affects 1% of population. Cognition dysfunctions are considered as important factors of social and general life impairment. There are many unchangeable risk factors of cognition decline in schizophrenia subjects such as age, duration of illness, and sex.AimThe aim of study were to examined correlations among age, sex, education, duration of illness and scores in neuropsychological tests.MethodsIn our study 220 subjects (116 male, and 104 female) in mean age 41 ± 11,3 with diagnosis of schizophrenia were examined with battery of computerized neuropsychological tests: simple reaction test (SRT), verbal memory test (VMT) and delayed verbal memory test (VMDT), visual working memory test (VWMT). Mean duration of illness was 12 years (min 1 year; max 41 years). Mean duration of education was 11,5 years (min 6 years; max 18 years)Results1)Age was correlated with worse scores in every parameters of all tests.2)Females got lower correct answers and longer reaction time (815 vs. 630 ms) in SRT, remember fewer words in VMT and cards (3,9 vs.4,3) in VWMT.3)Longer duration of education was correlated with better results in every parameters of all tests except number of correct answers in SRT,4)Longer duration of illness was correlated with worse scores in SRT, better scores in VMT, VMDT and VWMT.ConclusionsCognition decline in schizophrenia is connected not only with factors related with illness. Demographic factors, mostly unchangeable, are take important rule in cognition functioning.
P03-34 - First European Studies on Acupuncture and Schizophrenia: First Results
Authors: Bosch P. , Ronan P. , Quinton N. , Harbinson D. , van den Noort M. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesThis presentation will compare preliminary results from the first two European studies being carried out on acupuncture and schizophrenia, one in the UK and one in Germany. Statistical comment will be made on comparable study outcomes and there will be discussion on the methodological successes and challenges of the studies. Implications for future research on acupuncture on acupuncture and schizophrenia in European mental health settings will be explored.MethodsBoth studies are using a case study approach, incorporating a wide range of methods, in order to explore the possible effects that acupuncture may have on schizophrenia. Amongst the methods used to explore the possible effect that acupuncture might have, both studies are using the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).ResultsThe intervention phase of both studies is currently underway. First results of the PANSS and the PSQI will be presented.ConclusionsThese are the first attempts to carry out research on the possibility of acupuncture as a treatment or an adjunct treatment for schizophrenia in Europe. It is hoped that these results will indicate the way forward in terms of analysis of the remainder of the outcomes of the study and there will be some indication for the possibility for future research in this area.
P03-40 - Working Memory in Multiple Episode Schizophrenia Patients
Authors: Cozman D. , Nemes B. , Herta D.-C. 
Published: June 2010

IntroductionMemory impairment has been acknowledged as a core cognitive deficit in schizophrenia, however distinct functional subtypes of memory are differently impaired in these patients.AimTo assess working memory in schizophrenia patients.MethodsForty schizophrenia inpatients, mean age 29.1 years from the 3rd Psychiatric Clinic Cluj-Napoca, Romania, were included. Exclusion criteria were mental retardation, history of drug or alcohol use, neurological or systemic conditions, recent electroconvulsive therapy. The control group consisted of 30 healthy subjects (mean age = 29.6). The Word List Memory Test (WLM), the Face Memory Test and the Spatial Working Memory Test on a Cogtest Console were used in the assessment of the 2 groups.ResultsSchizophrenia patients displayed specific impairments of working memory, such as lower learning (42.65 ± 12.87 vs. 51.80 ± 14.31, p = 0.006) and trial-to-trial transfer capabilities (54.82 ± 25.29 vs. 87.21 ± 8.99, p < 0.001), impaired face recognition abilities reflected in lower correct answer proportion (0.66 ± 0.13 vs. 0.83 ± 0.09, p < 0.001), and impaired visuo-spatial memory, when compared to controls (89.42 ± 55.42 vs. 49.37 ± 16.57, p < 0.001). It was specifically observed that higher rates of non-list words were recorded in WLM in the schizophrenia patients group.ConclusionsThe study supports the current data which state that working memory deficits in schizophrenia are consistent, stable and comprehensive, which is particularly relevant for the social functioning of schizophrenia patients. Occurrence of non-list words in auditory memory may explain the mechanism of paranoid delusions.
P03-43 - Serum Malondialdehyde Concentrations as a Marker of Negative Psychopathology in Paranoid Schizophrenia
Authors: Díaz Mesa E. , Morera Fumero A. , Abreu González P. , Henry Benítez M. , Jiménez Sosa A. , Fernández López L. , Gracia Marco R. 
Published: June 2010

The purpose of this study is to investigate if the MDA plasma concentrations are correlated to negative psychopathology in paranoid schizophrenic inpatients.MethodsThe sample was comprised by 38 patients who were admitted in the psychiatric ward of the University Hospital of the Canaries. Thirty eight patients were male and 9 were female with medium average age of 37.41±11.23. Exclusion criteria were psychoactive substance use, presence of acute or chronic organic pathology, treatment with immunosuppressive medication, pregnancy and mental retardation or severe cognitive impairment. There were performed two blood extractions following the circadian rhythm, at 12:00 and at 24:00 hours. One hour before night blood collection, each patient was placed in a reclined position in bed, with the eyes closed, in complete darkness and with eyes covered with a mask. Blood was centrifuged at 3.000 rpm for 10 minutes. Specific biological and psychopathological determinations were performed at admission and at discharge. Psychopathology was assessed with PANSS and by the same psychiatrist. Statistical analyses were carried out with the Social Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). MDA was determined spectrophotometrically.ResultsMDA level at night was 1.94±1.54 while MDA level at midday was 2.23±1.36.Mean PANSS negative score was 15.73±6.31.Serum MDA level correlated positively with PANSS negative scores, both at midday and night (midday r=0.39, p< 0.01, midnight r=0.41, p< 0.01).ConclusionsThe total negative subscale score correlated positively with day and night time levels of MDA, therefore we can conclude that MDA may be used as a marker of negative psychopathology.
P03-46 - Long-Term Safety, Tolerability and Efficacy of Risperidone Long-Acting Injectable and Oral Atypical Antipsychotics in Schizophrenic Patients: Two Year Naturalistic Study
Authors: Ibach B. , Rabinowitz J. , Schreiner A. , Hargarter L. , Diekamp B. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesThis non-interventional study (RIS-SCH-4023) examined tolerability and effectiveness of risperidone long-acting injectable (RLAI) versus oral second generation antipsychotics (oSGA: amisulpride, aripiprazole, olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone or ziprasidone) in schizophrenia under daily routine.MethodsOutpatients receiving RLAI (n=177) or oSGA (n=257) were followed-up for 2 years (m/f 42%/58%; mean age 34.6 years; duration of disease 2.6 years). Outcome measures included PANSS, CGI, relapse rates, treatment adherence and tolerability. Post-hoc analyses focused on baseline between-group differences.ResultsMultivariable analysis using recursive partitioning showed that upon study entry RLAI patients were 3.7 times (CI=2.48-5.59) more likely than oSGA patients to have switched to study medication due to non-compliance and/or to be substance abusers (RLAI= 59.9%, n=106/177 vs. oSGA=28.6%, n=73/255). Despite these differences, both groups demonstrated significant improvements in efficacy measures with no between-group differences. There were no significant differences in discontinuation of study medication over the two years (RLAI 41.2% vs. oSGA 36.6%) or in yearly relapse rate before change of the initial therapy (RLAI 0.48±1.48 vs. oSGA 0.71±2.63). In patients with high adherence (≥75%) to previous treatment (physicians’ estimates, 4-point Likert scale) RLAI vs. oSGA patients had significantly better retention rates (RLAI 57.4% vs. oSGA 35.1%) and times (527.0±32.6 vs. 424.1±22.3 days). Most frequently reported treatment-related adverse events were weight increase (13.0% vs. 9.7%), EPS (7.9% vs. 5.5%), hyperkinesia (6.2% vs. 3.5%), fatigue (5.7% vs. 9.7%).ConclusionsResults suggest that factors associated with poor outcomes such as poor compliance and substance abuse may be attenuated by treatment with RLAI.
P03-62 - Markers of thrombogenesis are activated in not-yet treated acute schizophrenia
Authors: Masopust J. , Maly R. , Andrys C. , Hosak L. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesAntipsychotic treatment has been repeatedly found to be associated with an increased risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE) in schizophrenia. The aim of the study was to ascertain whether markers of thrombogenesis are increased in psychotic patients who have not yet been treated with antipsychotic medication.MethodsWe investigated plasma levels of markers indicating activation of coagulation (D-dimers) and platelets (solubile P-selectin, sP-selectin) in a group of nine men and nine women with acute schizophrenia who had not yet been treated with antipsychotics (age 29.8±9.1 years; body mass index 23.3±5.1), and eighteen healthy volunteers matched for age, gender and body mass index.ResultsD-dimers (median 0.38 vs 0.22 mg/l; P=0.049) as well as sP-selectin (median 195.9 vs 111.9 ng/ml; P=0.008) plasma levels were significantly increased in the group of patients with acute schizophrenia as compared to healthy volunteers.ConclusionsThe results suggest that at least a part of venous thromboembolic events in patients with schizophrenia may rather be induced by pathogenetic mechanisms related to psychosis than caused by antipsychotic treatment. Finding an exact cause of VTE in schizophrenia is necessary for its efficient treatment and prevention. We are aware of the pilot character of our data, and continue to involve more patients and healthy volunteers into the research.
P03-65 - A two year follow up study of first episode psychosis
Authors: Ienciu M. , Romosan F. , Bredicean C. , Stoica I. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical and socio-professional functioning status after two years of evolution, on a sample of patients with first episode of psychosis, admitted in the Psychiatric Clinic in Timisoara in 2006.MethodsThe initial sample was formed of 41 patients, but at the follow-up point (2008) only 28 patients were still in evidence. Diagnosis was made after ICD 10, BPRS and GAF were used as evaluation tools.ResultsOn the initial evaluation 32 % had a diagnosis of persistent delusional disorder, 25 % of short and transitory psychosis, 18% schizophrenia and 25% other psychosis. After 2 years of evolution 46% had a diagnosis of persistent delusional disorder, 25% schizophrenia and only 7 % had acute and transitory psychosis. In 28% of the cases the diagnosis was changed, most of the cases being the ones initially diagnosed with acute and transitory psychosis. The most stabil diagnosis was the persistent delusional disorder. In the majority of the cases we observed a lower socio-professional and family functioning.ConclusionsThe results of this study sugests that the diagnosis of first episode of psychosis is partially predictive for the type of illnes, because a first episode of psychosis can evolve in different pathologies. The socio-professional and family functioning is lower in the majority of cases without a clear connection with the initial diagnosis.