bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disputes over Ethical Education and the Issue of Ethical Neutrality of the State
Authors: Michalík Adrian 
Published: June 2024

Thesis. We currently live in a pluralistic democratic society, marked by a wide array of professed values, lifestyles, and interpretations of the good life. This reality poses numerous challenges for the contemporary state. This study delves into strategies for navigating this diversity in the education and value formation of the upcoming generation. The central inquiry revolves around how the state should address these contrasting value preferences and determine which values to impart to pupils and students.
Concept. The concept of the state's ethical neutrality emerges as a potential response to this inquiry. This approach can be applied in contexts where societal consensus is lacking, particularly regarding cultural and ethical issues such as abortion, homosexual partnerships/marriages, euthanasia, or the legalization of soft drugs. Conversely, in domains where consensus prevails, the state should actively shape the values of the next generation.
Results and conclusion. The findings suggest that the concept of the state's ethical neutrality could serve as a valuable tool in addressing the diversity of values within society. It illustrates that in situations lacking a clear consensus, this approach is adaptable and allows for the recognition of diverse value systems among individuals and groups. Conversely, when societal consensus exists, it is crucial for the state to actively influence the formation of values among young people. In conclusion, the concept of the state's ethical neutrality offers a useful framework for addressing the challenges posed by the plurality of values in modern societies.
Effect of aging of Al–Mg–Si/rare earth alloys: Microstructure and hardness
Authors: Macías Nicolas , Amu Maribel , Aguilar Yesid , Franco Edgar 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThermomechanical treatments and variations in chemical composition during the production of these alloys allow their properties to be adjusted as necessary. In the present research, the influence of chemical modification was analyzed by adding a combination of two rare earth elements (lanthanum and cerium) and performing a pretreatment before natural and artificial aging. With this, it was observed that said chemical modification led to an increase in hardness after artificial aging and specific suppression of the hardening speed at room temperature, combined with a pretreatment process to improve the density of the nucleation site and take advantage of the possible vacancy capture effect. Furthermore, microstructural changes were observed in the study alloys by scanning electron microscopy. The above allows the design of alloy production processes according to the requirements of each application.
The Savagnin grape, <i>vin jaune, vin de paille</i>, all from the Jura
Authors: Lehmann Gilly 
Published: June 2024

The article disputes some of the claims put forward by William Woys Weaver in his account of Cypriot wines in PPC 86. In doing so, the author provides a history of wines of the Jura Department, the savagnin grape and the processes involved in making vin jaune and vin de paile.
Food as Metaphor for Good and Evil in Biographies of the Later Roman Emperors
Authors: Beer Michael 
Published: June 2024

The article argues that there is a strong emphasis in many of the biographies of the SHA (Scriptores Historiae Augustae) on eating habits as an indication either of moral steadfastness or of dissoluteness and decadence. The author(s) seem to take a particularly strong interest in all matters pertaining to food.
Deafness, Kinship, and Formal Possibility in Bollywood
Authors: Kantor Roanne L. 
Published: June 2024

This article focuses on two films in popular Hindi cinema (Bollywood) – Koshish and Barfi! – that put Deaf protagonists at the center of romantic comedies. It moves beyond typical studies of disability as a device of characterization and locates meaning instead in under-analyzed elements of filmic production. These include sound production, plot structure, and their unique entanglement in Bollywood through the picturized song-sequence. Songs pose a special challenge for stories about Deaf protagonists, one which Koshish treats as a problem requiring "accommodation," and Barfi addresses as an opportunity for "Deaf gain." At a deeper level, Bollywood "provincializes" some key assumptions within the primarily Eurocentric field of disability studies and its frequent association with another Eurocentric field, queer theory. While crip theory follows queer theory's opposition to the "reproductive" time of conjugality, this stance flattens differences between the two communities, and depends on a misunderstanding of what "reproduction" entails. Bollywood romantic comedies, by contrast, create a space to rethink disabled kinmaking. Here the films are reversed: Koshish, though older, offers a more radical negotiation of social reproduction, while Barfi! is somewhat more conventional in its imagined future for disabled families.
Prediction of the Optimal Post-Fracturing Soaking Time in Multifractured Shale Gas/Oil Formations on the Basis of Modeling of Fluid Imbibition
Authors: Guo Boyun , Mahmood Md Nahin , Wortman Philip B. , Nguyen Vu V. 
Published: June 2024

Summary
Post-fracturing fluid soaking is believed to significantly affect productivity of hydraulic-fractured horizontal wells in the oil and gas industry. It is highly desirable to know the optimal soaking time period to maximize well productivity. An analytical model was developed in this research to describe the dynamic spontaneous imbibition process in shale cracks owing to fluid soaking. The model was integrated with pressure falloff data to develop a mathematical approach for forecasting the optimal soaking time, which is defined as the time it takes for the fluid to reach the midpoint between two adjacent hydraulic fractures. The optimal soaking time depends on crack and fluid properties, including crack width, fluid contact angle, and interfacial tension (IFT). A case study from the data of Tuscaloosa Marine Shale (TMS) suggests that the optimal soaking time is 2–4 weeks if the fracturing spacing is 4–6 m. This work provides petroleum engineers with a quick-and-easy method for predicting the optimal soaking time to maximize their well productivity.
Hybrid Feature Selection for Classification of Colon Cancer Using Data Processing by Support Vector Machines
Authors: Kumar V.T Ram Pavan , Ramesh P.L , Arulselvi M 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Colon cancer is considered a dangerous disease in humans, and it is one of the main risks to human life. In spite of the advances in screening, analysis, and handling, colorectal cancer (CRC) or colon cancer is the major widespread and Third-leading cause globally. The precise prediction of cancer with the gene data is very important for diagnosing cancer. However, the enormous dimensions of the gene expression data make the cancer prediction approach more complex. This paper devises a novel Support Vector Machine (SVM) for the classification of colon cancer. Here, the input data are gathered from the dataset and is fed to the feature selection module for selecting the features. Here, the selection is made using the Entropy and the Bhattacharya distance measures separately in order to select the unique features. Once the features are selected developed SVM provide the final classified output. The proposed SVM classifier outperformed other techniques with a maximum accuracy of 97.38%, higher sensitivity of 97.61%, and maximum specificity of 96.77% in terms of training data.
A comparative study of statistical methods and machine learning algorithms for prediction of landslides in Mizoram state of India through analysis of causative factors using Geo-informatics
Authors: VANLALNUNZIRA JOEL TC , Prakash Satya 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The landslide has been one of the most severe and significant natural hazards in the study area, Mizoram, which has rolling hills and deep valleys in almost every landform. A comparative study of landslide hazards in the area was conducted using various statistical analytic techniques and machine learning algorithms. The statistical method includes- Frequency Ratio (FR), Analytic Hierarchical Process (AHP), Shannon’s Entropy (SE), and Weight of Evidence (WOE), while the machine learning algorithms methods comprise basic classifiers such as Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (GBDT), Random Forest (RF), and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB), and hybrid classifiers using the Logistic Regression (LR) methods viz., GBDT + LR, RF + LR, XGB + LR. The study aims to find out the collinearity of various parameters of landslide-inducing factors and analyse their weight for most contributing factors to least contributing factors. It also aims to develop the Landslide Hazard Zonation (LHZ) map using various parameters weights and layer stacking by weighted sum overlay in a GIS software environment. The generated LHZ map was separated into five classes viz., low, moderate, high, very high, and severe. For statistical analysis, validation of the zonation maps was done by using past landslide inventories. Classification of the number of past landslides point data in each class of the zonation map was done to validate the accuracy of the zonation map. More than 65 per cent of Landslide point data falls in the High to Severe zone in the classification for FR, AHP, and SE which was considered to be in the positive validate zone, whereas only 60 per cent of Landslide point data falls in the High to Severe zone for WOE which was considered to be inadequate and undesirable for applicable LHZ map. For machine learning algorithms, a buffer zone of a 50m radius was created for the application of the seeding technique for preparing landslide inventory. More than 10000 landslide seeds cells and non-landslide cells were taken in which 80% and 20% train-test split was conducted. A series of metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, f- f-measure, Area Under (receiver operating characteristic) Curve (AUC), kappa index, mean absolute error (MAE), and root mean square error (RMSE) was used to evaluate the accuracy and performance of the seven models. Based on the AUC curve, the XGB model having the highest AUC value (0.9039) was identified as the most efficient model among the machine learning models. It was found that an improvement of more than 15% accuracy was shown by the machine learning models compared to the statistical approach. The results suggest that the machine learning method is propitious for an application in landslide estimation in the study area.
Atypical case of pattern disruption in sex proportions of Tabanidae collections with malaise traps in ecuadorian forests
Authors: Buestan Jaime , Vera Gabriel A. Brito 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Male horseflies have low capture rates in Malaise traps, a widely documented pattern observed in numerous ecological studies. We present findings from a specific locality in Ecuador where a departure from this established pattern is observed. In this locality, males accounted for 59.14% of Tabanidae captures. The disruption in capture patterns observed using Malaise traps represents an uncommon feature in the scientific literature and during collections conducted over eight years in Ecuador. Despite the inherent limitations of Malaise traps in capturing male horseflies, it is possible that under specific conditions, such as the presence of optimal aggregation areas for horseflies, Malaise traps may enhance the capture efficiency of males. Additionally, we provide a detailed discussion on the disruption and disparity in capture sex proportions in Tabanidae, commonly reported in the scientific literature. Understanding these aspects of tabanid behavior is essential due to the outbreaks and deaths associated with trypanosomiasis infections in Ecuador.
RNA Sequencing Analysis for the Identification of Genes Associated with Cisplatin Resistance in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Wani Taha Umair , Kim Hyun-Yi , Lee Geum-Hwa , Lim Young Je , Chae Han-Jung , Kim Ji-Ye , Yoon Hyonok 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Cisplatin is a drug of choice for the treatment of ovarian cancer (OC). However, the development of resistance to platinum-based drugs is common, causing relapse and complicating the clinical management of these patients. The identification of biomarkers of resistance can contribute to a better stratification of the patients for treatment strategies. This study compared the transcriptional profile of two cisplatin-resistant OC cell lines, OV90CisR1 and OV90CisR2, to their sensitive counterpart, OV90. R-tool was used for the screening of significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs, p ≤ 0.05), gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analyses. In the top-ranked GO terms, we found extracellular matrix (ECM) and actin filament-related pathways. Consequently, we observed a high expression of integrins (ITGA1, ITGA6, ITGA11, and ITGAV), collagen (COL3A1, COL4A1, COL7A1, COL11A1), fibronectin (FN1) and other related proteins in the PPI analysis. The analysis shows how these factors show alteration in ECM composition and reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, further supported by the overexpression of metallopreoteases (ADAMTS2, ADAMTS7, ADAMTSL1, and ADAMTSL4) as evident in the PPI network. We conclude that these changes in ECM could stimulate integrins and facilitate epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) through pathways like Wnt signaling. Transition to a mesenchymal phenotype can cause drastic changes in the membrane transport e.g., highly expressed ABC efflux transporters (ABCA5, ABCD2) in the present case, which can lead to drug resistance.
Analysis of clinical characteristics of severe mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia complicated with virus infection in children
Authors: Li Na , Qiang Guang feng , Liu Rui han , Meng Lan lan , Ning Jun , Shen Chang qing , Yu Guang zhi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
To summarize the pathogenesis and etiological characteristics of Severe Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Pneumonia (SMPP) with viral infection.
Methods
SMPP patients admitted to Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical Universityfrom July 2021 to June 2022 requiring bronchoscopic alveolar lavage were retrospectively collected. Multiple reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (mRT-PCR) was used to detect respiratory pathogens combined with serum mycoplasma antibody titer. The children were divided into Mycoplasma Pneumoniae (MP) infection group and MP mixed virus infection group according to whether they were infected with mixed virus or not. The differences of clinical manifestations, physical examination, laboratory examination, imaging data and bronchoscopy manifestations were analyzed.
Results
Among 784 children with SMPP, 425 were males (54.21%) and 359 were females (45.79%). The ratio of males to females was 1.18:1. Children over 5 years old were the high incidence group of SMPP. There were 638 cases of single MP infection (81.38%), 146 cases of co-infection (18.62%), and the top two cases of co-infection were adenovirus (ADV) in 74 cases (50.68%) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in 67 cases (45.89%). Compared with the MP mixed virus infection group, there were statistically significant differences in age, season, hospital stay, fever time, lung consolidation and emphysema (P < 0.05), but no significant differences in other clinical manifestations, laboratory indicators and bronchoscopy (P > 0.05). Compared with MP mixed ADV group, there were significant differences in the level of lactate dehydrogenase and season (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
Adenovirus and respiratory syncytial virus are the most common co-infected viruses of SMPP. In terms of laboratory indexes and fiberoptic bronchoscopy, the disease characteristics of single MP infection group, mixed virus infection group, MP mixed ADV group and MP mixed RSV group were similar. The age of MP patients with virus infection was younger, the hospitalization time was longer, the fever time was longer, and the patients with emphysema were more. The level of lactate dehydrogenase in children with RSV infection was higher than that in patients with ADV infection.
Wolbachia infection in Aedes aegypti does not affect its vectorial capacity for Dirofilaria immitis
Authors: Shirozu Takahiro , Regilme Maria Angenica F , Ote Manabu , Sasaki Mizuki , Soga Akira , Bochimoto Hiroki , Kawabata Hidenobu , Umemiya-Shirafuji Rika , Kanuka Hirotaka , Fukumoto Shinya 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Mosquito-borne diseases such as dengue and filariasis are a growing public health concern in endemic countries. Biological approaches, such as the trans-infection of Wolbachia pipientis in mosquitoes, are an alternative vector control strategy, especially for arthropod-borne viruses such as dengue. In the present study, the effect of Wolbachia (wMel strain) on the vectorial capacity of Aedes aegypti for Dirofilaria immitis was studied. Our results showed that Wolbachia does not affect the phenotype of mosquito survival or the prevalence, number, and molting rate of third-stage larvae in both susceptible and resistant strains of Ae. aegypti. RNA-seq analysis of Malpighian tubules at 2 days post-infection with D. immitis showed the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with and without wMel infection. No characteristic immune-related gene expression patterns were observed among the DEGs. No significant change in the amount of Wolbachia was observed in the Ae. aegypti after D. immitis infection. Our results suggest that infection of D. immitis in Ae. aegypti populations will not interfere with Wolbachia-based vector control strategies in dengue-endemic areas where cases of D. immitis are present. This study demonstrated the veterinary medical validity of a dengue control program using Wolbachia.
Adaptive block sparse system identification in an impulsive interference environment
Authors: WU FEIYUN , Song Dan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

To improve the accuracy of sparse system identification with impulsive measurement interference, a scaled least mean square (LMS) algorithm with block sparsity constraint is proposed. The proposed method adopts a scalar for scaling and filtering the impulsive interference. The proposed scalar avoids drastic changes in channel estimation due to the wrong information from the abrupt impulsive interference. On the other hand, by exploiting the sparsity of the system, the proposed block sparsity constraint searches sparse solution by using an approximated block $\ell_0$ norm constraint. Additionally, the step-size of the proposed method is gradually adjusted based on the gradient factors combining block sparse constraint and impulsive interference. Simulations, including sparse system identification and tracking, are conducted to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm for sparse system identification with impulsive interference. Moreover, this paper includes a comparison and analysis of underwater acoustic channel estimation results, demonstrating the superiority and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Blood Volume Collected for Cultures in Infants with Suspected Neonatal Sepsis
Authors: Altez Maria Rueda , Soghier Lamia , Campos Joseph , Bahar Burak , Gai Jiaxiang , Bost James , Hamdy Rana 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objectives To evaluate blood culture sample volumes, identify factors linked to insufficient samples, and compare volumes among neonates treated for culture-negative-sepsis, sepsis-rule-outs, and bloodstream infections (BSI).Methods Observational cohort of blood cultures collected during NICU stay. Association of age, weight, gender, source, and collection time with lower-than-recommended volumes was determined by logistic regression. Blood culture inocula of patients with culture-negative-sepsis, sepsis rule-out, and BSI were compared using ANOVA.Results 742 blood cultures were obtained from 292 neonates. Median inoculum was 1mL (IQR:0.6–1.4), and 259 bottles (35%) had inocula < 0.9mL. Night shift sample collection was associated with lower-than-recommended volumes (p = 0.006). No difference in sample volumes was observed between culture-negative-sepsis, sepsis-rule-outs, and BSI (p = 0.5).Conclusions Median NICU blood culture volumes align with recommendations. Night shift collections correlate with lower volumes. Sample volumes don’t differ in patients with culture-negative-sepsis, BSI, and sepsis-rule-out, and should not be a justification for longer duration of antibiotics.
Characterizing Community Hesitancy in Ebola Response: Responder Reflections from the Sudan Ebolavirus Disease (SVD) 2022 Outbreak in Uganda
Authors: Opesen Chris. C , Njuguna Charles Kuria , Komakech Innocent , Adhiambo Elizabeth Mgamb , Kabanda Richard , Sensasi Benjamin , Kagirita Atek , Ngabirano Annet Alenyo , Atuhaire Immaculate , Ochien Maurice Emmanuel , Akweny Solome Okware , Amone Jackson , Tola Habteyes , Braka Fiona , Nanyunja Miriam , Katushabe Edson , Ssenyonga Muzafalu , Bodo Bongomin , Niwagaba Andrew Bakainaga , Anoko Julienne Ngoundoung , Chimbaru Alexander , Okot Charles Lukoya , Kyobe Henry B , Woldemariam Yonas Tegegn 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: Thearticle explores community emergency response intervention hesitancy using reflections from the Sudan Ebolavirus Disease (SVD) 2022 outbreak response in Uganda.
Methods: Data from participant observation are complemented with data from four other sources particularly, documentary reviews, ethnographic group discussions (12), informant interviews (60) and transect drives for social risk mapping.
Results: The main results indicate that, community emergency response intervention hesitancy in the SVD 2022 outbreak response in Uganda occurred both in direct and non-direct forms. The direct ones included some suspected cases refusing to go to and/or running away from isolation units (IUs) and Ebola treatment units (ETUs), some bereaved families refusing to handover bodies for safe and dignified burials (SDBs) and accosting responders, some bereaved families exhuming and reburying SVD bodies and survivors having sex without protection. The indirect ones included dual naming and false identity declarations, visiting traditional healers and spiritual leaders, hiding identities of high-risk contacts, secretly burying the dead at night and lastly, changing location of or taking patients to other districts
Conclusions: The conclusion the study generates is that to avert community emergency response intervention hesitancy, response teams should strike a balance between the health protocol prioritization on one hand and the environmental and socio-economic context of the outbreak on the other hand that includes, lived and observed transgenerational experiences. This must be augmented with a sustained integrated community engagement action that the study found critical to recovery of community trust and control of outbreaks in the community.