bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accumulation of polyunsaturated fatty acids by cladocerans: effects of taxonomy, temperature and food
Authors: MASCLAUX HÉLÈNE , BEC ALEXANDRE , KAINZ MARTIN J. , PERRIÈRE FANNY , DESVILETTES CHRISTIAN , BOURDIER GILLES 
Published: January 2012

Summary1. Zooplankton are important in transferring dietary nutrients, including polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), up through aquatic food webs.2. We tested the hypothesis that the taxonomic composition of zooplankton affects the retention and subsequent transfer of PUFA from upwards through the food web. Using laboratory experiments, we investigated dietary PUFA accumulation and bioconversion capacities of six cladoceran species (Ceriodaphnia sp., Daphnia longispina, Daphnia magna, Daphnia pulex, Scapholeberis mucronata and Simocephalus vetulus) fed on two diets (Scenedesmus obliquus and Cryptomonas sp.) that differed in their PUFA profiles. We performed experiments at two different temperatures (14 and 20 °C) to assess the role of temperature in the trophic transfer of PUFA.3. There was little variation in the concentrations of PUFA in these cladocerans which were controlled by dietary PUFA supply. Moreover, as expected, the concentrations of PUFA in all cladoceran species were higher at low temperature.4. However, even if the composition of PUFA in the cladoceran species generally corresponded to that in their diet, preferential accumulation of some PUFA was recorded in all these taxa. When fed on a highly unsaturated fatty acid‐deficient diet, all the cladocerans showed some ability to convert C18‐PUFA into arachidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid. Interspecific variation in the ability to accumulate and bioconvert PUFA in cladocerans was more pronounced at low temperature (14 °C) for both diets.5. Our results strongly suggest that in heterogeneous habitats with food partitioning between co‐existing cladocerans, foraging behaviour may affect the transfer of PUFA more strongly than interspecific variation in accumulating and/or bioconverting dietary PUFA.
Spatial scale influences the outcome of the predator–prey space race between tadpoles and predatory dragonflies
Authors: Hammond John I. , Luttbeg Barney , Brodin Tomas , Sih Andrew 
Published: January 2012

Summary1. How predators and prey distribute themselves across space can have large population and community‐level consequences by affecting the frequency and potential strength of interactions between and within trophic levels. The general pattern that emerges from numerous studies is that predators seek areas with higher prey densities and prey avoid areas with higher predation risk. However, little is known about the behavioural mechanisms underlying the emergent spatial patterns between freely interacting predators and prey.2. We examined the behaviour and space use of groups ofPseudacris regilla(Pacific treefrog) tadpole prey and larvalRhionaeschna multicolor(blue‐eyed darner) odonate predators in arenas consisting of four patches of the prey’s resources divided into two spatial scales over two observation periods a day apart. Distributions were assayed both alone and together. We predicted scale should inherently affect the resulting spatial patterns because factors such as selection, competition, interference, movement ability and prey responses to predators all have potentially similar effects as scale become larger or smaller. These factors predict that prey should be more able to dictate the spatial pattern at smaller scales and predators at larger scales.3. Results generally match these predictions with measures of joint space being consistent with the predators dictating the joint space use more than expected at the larger scale. Moreover, at the smaller scale, either the predator and prey responses offset or reverse to favour the prey. We used a model selection approach to look at the underlying behavioural rules shaping these spatial patterns. Prey were more likely to leave patches with lower resources across both scales. However, their response to predators and competitors differed between the scales, with prey appearing to become trapped with predators only at the larger scale and only avoiding other prey at the small scale.4. These results highlight the importance of investigating freely interacting predators and prey and the factors that are likely to affect the predator’s or prey’s ability to dictate spatial patterns. An ability to predict predator–prey spatial outcomes should be a great benefit with habitat fragmentation and shifting population densities, distributions and community compositions.
The temperature‐size rule emerges from ontogenetic differences between growth and development rates
Authors: Forster Jack , Hirst Andrew G. 
Published: January 2012

Summary1. The temperature‐size rule (TSR) is a widespread phenomenon, which describes the phenotypic plastic response of species’ size to temperature: individuals reared at colder temperatures mature as larger adults than at warmer temperatures.2. The TSR is driven by an unequal thermal response of growth and development rates. However, we currently lack an understanding of how these rates change through ontogeny and their decoupling. Further, we do not know how this decoupling varies across generations.3. Using the brine shrimp Artemia franciscana as a model, we examine growth and development rates through ontogeny at different temperatures across two generations.4. The slopes of natural‐logged weight‐specific growth rates against temperature are steeper in earlier than later larval stages, indicating their greater temperature dependence, whereas development rates maintain the same temperature dependence across life stages. An inverse TSR is generated in early larval stages; the typical TSR (smaller size at warmer temperatures) is only established later in ontogeny.5. Phase‐specific temperature dependence of growth and development rates is not significantly different across the 1st and 2nd generation, suggesting the TSR is primarily a within‐generation outcome.6. Ontogenetic size responses in Artemia are compared to other crustacean species to identify patterns within this subphylum. Data for a range of crustaceans follow the same ontogenetic pattern: early larval stages show an inverse or no TSR, with TSR being only established in later stages. Adults often, but not always, show the greatest response.
Sodium hypochlorite accident with evaluation by cone beam computed tomography
Authors: Behrents K. T. , Speer M. L. , Noujeim M. 
Published: January 2012

Behrents KT, Speer ML, Noujeim M. Sodium hypochlorite accident with evaluation by cone beam computed tomography. International Endodontic Journal, 45, 492–498, 2012.AbstractAim  To show the radiographic manifestation of sodium hypochlorite after accidental injection past the apical foramen and into the soft tissues.Summary  A female patient was seen for an emergency visit after suffering a sodium hypochlorite accident at her general dentist’s office. The patient was seen within 1 h of the accident and was in pain associated with facial swelling. Radiographs, including a Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT), and photographs were taken. Endodontic emergency treatment was initiated. The patient was reassured and given pain medication and antibiotics. Follow‐up visits were scheduled over 6 days when the swelling had resolved.Key learning points
Importance of multiple radiographic images during preoperative endodontic evaluation when undertaking endodontic retreatment.
Knowledge of apical anatomy as related to surrounding structures.
Effect of sodium hypochlorite when injected in the soft tissues.
Bone marrow‐derived cells contribute to cerulein‐induced pancreatic fibrosis in the mouse
Authors: Lin Wey‐Ran , Inatomi Osamu , Lee Chung Y. , Kallis Yiannis N. , Otto William R. , Jeffery Rosemary , Poulsom Richard , Alison Malcolm R. 
Published: January 2012

SummaryBone marrow (BM) cells may transdifferentiate into circulating fibrocytes and myofibroblasts in organ fibrosis. In this study, we investigated the contribution and functional roles of BM‐derived cells in murine cerulein‐induced pancreatic fibrosis. C57/BL6 female mice wild‐type (WT) or Col 1α1r/r male BM transplant, received supraphysiological doses of cerulein to induce pancreatic fibrosis. The CD45+Col 1+ fibrocytes isolated from peripheral blood (PB) and pancreatic tissue were examined by in situ hybridization for Y chromosome detection. The number of BM‐derived myofibroblasts, the degree of Sirius red staining and the levels of Col 1α1 mRNA were quantified. The Y chromosome was detected in the nuclei of PB CD45+Col 1+ fibrocytes, confirming that circulating fibrocytes can be derived from BM. Co‐expression of α‐smooth muscle actin illustrated that fibrocytes can differentiate into myofibroblasts. The number of BM‐derived myofibroblasts, degree of collagen deposition and pro‐collagen I mRNA expression were higher in the mice that received Col 1α1r/r BM, (cells that produce mutated, collagenase‐resistant collagen) compared to WT BM, indicating that the genotype of BM cells can alter the degree of pancreatic fibrosis. Our data indicate that CD45+Col 1+ fibrocytes in the PB can be BM‐derived, functionally contributing to cerulein‐induced pancreatic fibrosis in mice by differentiating into myofibroblasts.
Mesozoic detrital zircon U‐Pb ages of modern river sediments in Korea: implications for migration of arc magmatism in the Mesozoic East Asian continental margin
Authors: Choi Taejin , Lee Yong Il , Orihashi Yuji 
Published: January 2012

Terra Nova, 24, 156–165, 2012AbstractU‐Pb ages of detrital zircons collected from the sediments of seven major South Korean rivers were analysed to infer the temporal and spatial distribution of Mesozoic arc magmatism related to the subduction of the palaeo‐Pacific plates. Mesozoic detrital zircon U‐Pb ages indicate continuous arc magmatic activity in the Korean Peninsula throughout the Mesozoic era (249–72 Ma), except for a magmatic gap during 120–162 Ma, with NW–SE spatial migration of the arc magmatic centres: trenchward migration in both the Triassic and the Cretaceous periods, and inland‐directed migration in the Jurassic period. A comparison of these results with the magmatic ages in the adjacent regions such as northeastern China and southwestern Japan suggests that subduction modes of the palaeo‐Pacific plates were changed in the Mesozoic East Asian continental margin due to buoyancy differences caused by the subduction of the Farallon–Izanagi plate ridge or oceanic plateaus and their subducting location shifting with time.
Giant solution‐subsidence structure in the Western Mediterranean related to deep substratum dissolution
Authors: Lofi Johanna , Berné Serge , Tesson Michel , Seranne Michel , Pezard Philippe 
Published: January 2012

Terra Nova, 24, 181–188, 2012AbstractSinkholes are frequently observed where soluble rocks are present, in meteoritic recharge areas or when subsurface dissolution causes ground collapse. Seismic profiles on the inner shelf of the Gulf of Lions (W. Mediterranean) display a giant atypical sub‐circular structure, up to 800‐m thick and 2‐km wide. It is characterized by down‐warped internal seismic reflections forming a concave V‐shaped depression rooted in the substratum, most likely carbonated. This structure is interpreted as a poly‐phased solution‐subsidence/collapse structure of Plio‐Quaternary age. The last phase of deformation probably occurred during the last sea‐level low‐stand phase. The mechanism proposed for the creation of this structure is collapse/dissolution of the soluble substratum, as a result of a combination of several possible factors including pre‐existing deep Messinian palaeo‐karst with active groundwater flows during Plio‐Quaternary lowstands, and deep‐rooted acidic fluids ascending through the substratum.
New constraints on the pre‐Permian continental crust growth of Central Asia (West Junggar, China) by U–Pb and Hf isotopic data from detrital zircon
Authors: Choulet Flavien , Cluzel Dominique , Faure Michel , Lin Wei , Wang Bo , Chen Yan , Wu Fu‐Yuan , Ji Wenbin 
Published: January 2012

Terra Nova, 24, 189–198, 2012AbstractIn situ U–Pb geochronology of detrital zircons from various Palaeozoic sedimentary rocks of West Junggar accretionary complexes (Central Asia) suggests two distinct episodes of arc magmatism, and an evolution in three steps: (i) Ordovician‐Silurian subduction generating juvenile arc crust; (ii) Late Silurian subduction jamming, erosion and intraplate magmatism; (iii) development of two new opposed Devonian‐Carboniferous subductions recycling the Early Palaeozoic crust. Zircon Hf isotopes document three pre‐Permian episodes of mantle‐derived magmatic input into the crust: (1) Neoproterozoic (850–550 Ma), (2) Early Palaeozoic (530–450 Ma) and (3) Late Palaeozoic (380–320 Ma). Zircons also record the recycling of Neoproterozoic and Early Palaeozoic juvenile crusts during the Early and Late Palaeozoic. These data support a model of episodic continental crust growth in Central Asia.
Location of the Rheic suture in the eastern Bohemian Massif: evidence from detrital zircon data
Authors: Mazur Stanisław , Szczepański Jacek , Turniak Krzysztof , McNaughton Neal J. 
Published: January 2012

Terra Nova, 24, 199–206, 2012AbstractThree detrital zircon concentrates from the metasediments of the Orlica‐Śnieżnik dome, Bohemian Massif, have been dated using Sensitive High Resolution Ion Microprobe. They yielded Precambrian age spectra similar to those that are characteristic of the Cadomian terranes: (1) Archaean and Palaeoproterozoic zircons scattered between 3380 and 1860 Ma, and (2) abundant Neoproterozoic zircons dated at 770–560 Ma. Two of the analysed samples also contain Early Cambrian and Early‐Late Cambrian zircons. The estimated maximum sedimentation ages are: 563 ± 6 Ma for the Młynowiec paragneisses, 532 ± 6 Ma for the Stronie schist and 490 ± 9 Ma for the Goszów quartzite that are interpreted as three distinct metasedimentary successions. They represent a Neoproterozoic back‐arc basin, Early Cambrian incipient rift basin and a Lower Ordovician post‐rift succession respectively. These successions are the deformed and metamorphosed, allochthonous equivalent to the passive Saxo‐Thuringian margin. They were subducted during a Variscan collision and then exhumed in front of the rigid buttress of Brunia/East Avalonia.
Burial and exhumation across the Alps–Apennines junction zone constrained by fission‐track analysis on modern river sands
Authors: Malusà Marco G. , Balestrieri Maria Laura 
Published: January 2012

Terra Nova, 24, 221–226, 2012AbstractWe applied fission‐track analysis on modern river sands to constrain the Cenozoic evolution of the Alps–Apennines junction zone. West of the Villalvernia‐Varzi‐Ottone fault, samples yielded major peaks at 33–36 and 62–65 Ma, showing that apatites in the eroded wedge‐top successions were largely unreset. To the east, samples yielded prominent peaks at 4.0–4.7, 6.5–6.7 and 19 Ma, probably formed by reset ages. Our results indicate that the Alpine orogenic wedge originally tapered out to the south. The Northern Apennines were buried beneath a thick and widespread Epiligurian cover, now almost completely eroded, and experienced major uplift and erosional exhumation since early Pliocene times, at average rates of 1 km Ma−1. A large amount of Alpine‐derived detritus, previously stored on top of the orogenic wedge, was transferred into the Po Plain. Sediment recycling thus overwhelmed any eventual effect of climate change on Plio‐Quaternary sedimentation rates south of the Alps.
High frequency of GJA12/GJC2 mutations in Turkish patients with Pelizaeus–Merzbacher disease
Authors: Bilir B , Yapici Z , Yalcinkaya C , Baris I , Carvalho CMB , Bartnik M , Ozes B , Eraksoy M , Lupski JR , Battaloglu E 
Published: January 2012

Bilir B, Yapici Z, Yalcinkaya C, Baris I, Carvalho CMB, Bartnik M, Ozes B, Eraksoy M, Lupski JR, Battaloglu E. High frequency of GJA12/GJC2 mutations in Turkish patients with Pelizaeus–Merzbacher disease.Pelizaeus–Merzbacher disease is an early onset dysmyelinating leukodystrophy. About 80% of PMD cases have been associated with duplications and mutations of the proteolipid protein 1 (PLP1) gene. Pelizaeus–Merzbacher‐like disease is a genetically heterogeneous autosomal recessive disease and rarely caused by mutations in gap junction protein α12 (GJA12/GJC2) gene. The molecular basis of the disease was investigated in a cohort of 19 Turkish families. This study identified novel chromosomal rearrangements proximal and distal to, and exclusive of the PLP1 gene, showed equal frequencies of PLP1 and GJA12/GJC2 mutations at least in our cohort, and suggested further genetic heterogeneity.
A puzzle over several decades: eye anomalies with FRAS1 and STRA6 mutations in the same family
Authors: Ng WY , Pasutto F , Bardakjian TM , Wilson MJ , Watson G , Schneider A , Mackey DA , Grigg JR , Zenker M , Jamieson RV 
Published: January 2012

Ng WY, Pasutto F, Bardakjian TM, Wilson MJ, Watson G, Schneider A, Mackey DA, Grigg JR, Zenker M, Jamieson RV. A puzzle over several decades: eye anomalies with FRAS1 and STRA6 mutations in the same family.Fraser syndrome (FS) and microphthalmia syndromic 9 (MCOPS9) are autosomal recessive conditions with distinct, and some overlapping features affecting the ocular, respiratory and cardiac systems. Mutations in FRAS1 and FREM2 occur in FS, and mutations in STRA6 occur in MCOPS9. We report two sibships, in the same family, where four deceased offspring had ocular, respiratory and cardiac abnormalities. Two sibs with microphthalmia had syndactyly and laryngeal stenosis, suggesting a clinical diagnosis of FS. Our results indicate that they were compound heterozygotes for novel FRAS1 mutations, p.Cys729Phe and p.Leu3813Pro. The other two sibs, first cousins to the first sib pair, had anophthalmia, lung hypoplasia and cardiac anomalies, suggesting a retrospective diagnosis of MCOPS9. Our results indicate compound heterozygous STRA6 mutations, a novel frameshift leading to p.Tyr18* and a p.Thr644Met mutation. The one surviving individual from these sibships is heterozygous for the p.Tyr18*STRA6 mutation and has bilateral ocular colobomata and microphthalmia. This work emphasises the need for careful phenotypic characterisation to determine genes for assessment in ocular syndromic conditions. It also indicates that heterozygous STRA6 mutations may rarely contribute to microphthalmia and coloboma.
High rate of unperceived hearing loss in patients after liver transplantation
Authors: Rifai Kinan , Pischke Sven , Agne Clemens , Rosenau Jens , Klempnauer Jürgen L. , Manns Michael P. 
Published: January 2012

Rifai K, Pischke S, Agne C, Rosenau J, Klempnauer JL, Manns MP. High rate of unperceived hearing loss in patients after liver transplantation.Abstract:  Aim:  We recently published the high frequency of perceived hearing impairment in adults after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). To obtain objective data in addition to the questionnaires, audiometric data of 70 patients’ post‐OLT were analyzed.Methods:  Hearing tests were obtained from 70 patients who were in follow‐up 6.5 ± 4.3 yr after OLT. Thirty‐eight of these patients (53%) reported the development of a hearing problem post‐OLT, while 14 patients already noticed hearing loss prior to OLT (21%). Eighteen patients did not report any hearing problems (26%).Results:  Audiometry was within the normal range only in five patients (7%). Signs of mild or moderate hearing loss were found in 12 (17%) and 28 patients (40%), respectively. In 25 patients, audiometry revealed even severe hearing loss (36%). In 86% of patients, hearing loss was bilateral affecting all frequency areas in 63%. Of the 18 patients without subjective hearing impairment, moderate or severe hearing loss was found in 50% of audiometries. Mean maximal hearing loss was −62 ± 30 dB with worse results in patients reporting hearing problems (p < 0.03).Conclusions:  We confirmed the high incidence of reported hearing loss in adults post‐OLT by objective audiometric data. Pathological hearing tests were even found in many patients without perception of hearing impairment.
Viewpoint: The future of research in pediatric allergy: What should the focus be?
Authors: Van Bever Hugo P. S. , Lee Bee Wah , Shek Lynette 
Published: January 2012

To cite this article: Van Bever HPS, Lee BW, Shek L. Viewpoint: The future of research in pediatric allergy: What should the focus be? Pediatric Allergy Immunology 2012: 23: 5–10.AbstractAllergic diseases have been increasing during the last three decades, and exact reasons for this are still debated. Despite intense ongoing research, a lot of aspects of allergic diseases are still poorly understood, resulting in limitations in current therapeutic approach to allergies. In this viewpoint, important unanswered research questions are raised mainly on novel therapeutic approaches to allergic children, and suggestions for future research are raised. Three aspects of pediatric allergy are distinguished: the prevention, control, and cure.
Evaluation of reproductive barriers and realisation of interspecific hybridisations depending on genetic distances between species in the genus Helleborus
Authors: Meiners J. , Winkelmann T. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe genus Helleborus comprises 22 species, which are allocated to six sections. H. x hybridus and H. niger, which belong to different Helleborus sections, are economically important ornamentals. Several other species with minor impact exhibit interesting features, e.g. flower size, flower colour, foliage, scent and disease resistance, which should be introgressed into H. x hybridus or H. niger through interspecific hybridisation. The aims of this study were to investigate whether and which kind of hybridisation barriers occur in crosses between Helleborus species and if they differ in their manifestations, depending on the genetic distance of the respective partners. In order to obtain interspecific hybrids despite crossing barriers, a method to overcome these barriers should be developed. Crossing barriers in Helleborus were localised as predominantly post‐zygotic according to in situ pollen tube staining with aniline blue. For certain crosses, pre‐zygotic barriers could also be assumed, but pollen tube growth was not totally inhibited. Therefore, embryo rescue techniques via ovule culture were established to overcome the post‐zygotic barriers. Ovules were isolated from maternal plants 5–7 weeks after pollination in most cases and then cultured in vitro. Overall, 219 hybrids were successfully obtained, of which 16 were derived from inter‐sectional crosses. Hybrids were verified by flow cytometry and/or by molecular DNA markers.
The regulation of plant growth by the circadian clock
Authors: Farré E. M. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractCircadian regulated changes in growth rates have been observed in numerous plants as well as in unicellular and multicellular algae. The circadian clock regulates a multitude of factors that affect growth in plants, such as water and carbon availability and light and hormone signalling pathways. The combination of high‐resolution growth rate analyses with mutant and biochemical analysis is helping us elucidate the time‐dependent interactions between these factors and discover the molecular mechanisms involved. At the molecular level, growth in plants is modulated through a complex regulatory network, in which the circadian clock acts at multiple levels.