bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incorporating artificial intelligence (AI) into recruitment processes: ethical considerations
Authors: Sýkorová Zuzana , Hague Dana , Dvouletý Ondřej , Procházka David Anthony 
Published: June 2024

Purpose
This study aims to explore the implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) into recruitment by considering its potential to maximize the effectiveness of the human resources (HR) processes, challenges associated with the implementation, and ethical concerns.

Design/methodology/approach
A qualitative research approach was used to reach the stated objectives within the context of the small open economy – the Czech Republic. Interviews were conducted with four participants, Czech-based recruiters, each with five or more years of experience in their field. The interviews were conducted in Autumn 2023 within the online platform. The answers were transcribed and thematically analyzed.

Findings
The participants who were interviewed heavily emphasized the importance of the role of the human factor in recruitment, yet several observations and insights were obtained. In particular, some interviewees indicated a possible usage of a chatbot for the first round of the candidates' selection, but they see it as problematic in the final decision on the position fulfilment, where the human factor is not replaceable so far. The key ethical challenges of the broader implementation of AI in the recruitment practices of the respondents remain the risks regarding privacy and data protection, especially the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) legislation.

Originality/value
This article delivers pertinent insights for recruiters on using AI in recruitment, bringing forth a more subtle understanding of the faceted subject of AI-based recruitment.
A fungal‐binding agglutinin in the skin slime of Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) is glyceraldehyde 3‐phosphate dehydrogenase
Authors: Tsutsui Shigeyuki , Terashima Mizuki , Nakamura Osamu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAgglutination of pathogenic microorganisms on the body surface is a significant phenomenon for the prevention of infection. In the present study, we show that an extract of the skin mucus from Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) has agglutination activity against the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We purified this yeast‐binding protein, which consists of an approximately 35‐kDa homodimer, using affinity chromatography with yeast as a ligand. Multiple internal amino acid sequences of the protein, as determined using liquid chromatography with quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry, mapped to flounder glyceraldehyde 3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH). An anti‐GAPDH antibody inhibited the yeast agglutination activity in the skin mucus extract and stained agglutinated yeast, indicating that flounder GAPDH could agglutinate yeast. The current study suggests that GAPDH, a well‐known protein as the sixth enzyme in the glycolytic pathway, is a significant player in mucosal immunity in teleosts.
Not just candy: A herbivore‐induced defence‐related plant protein in honeydew enhances natural enemy fitness
Authors: Urbaneja‐Bernat Pablo , Rodriguez‐Saona Cesar , Valero M. Luz , González‐Cabrera Joel , Tena Alejandro 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Herbivore feeding often increases secondary metabolite production in plants. These herbivore‐induced plant proteins might end up in honeydew excreted by phloem‐feeding insects. This is important because honeydew is one of the most abundant and accessible carbohydrate sources for natural enemies in many agroecosystems and these proteins can thus mediate many tri‐trophic interactions.

Here, we hypothesized that defensive metabolites induced in the phloem by herbivory accumulate in the honeydew excreted by phloem‐feeding insects and, consequently, affect the fitness of the herbivores' natural enemies that feed on it.

We used a tri‐trophic system consisting of citrus plants, the mealybug Planococcus citri and its primary parasitoid Anagyrus vladimiri. First, we assessed A. vladimiri fitness when fed on P. citri honeydew. We then collected honeydew of seven phloem‐feeding insects, including P. citri, and analysed their protein content. Finally, we analysed the effect of superoxide dismutase (SOD), an antioxidant enzyme associated with plant defences that was commonly found in the analysed honeydews, on A. vladimiri fitness.

The fitness of A. vladimiri increased when fed on honeydew compared to a sucrose‐based diet, demonstrating that honeydew can contain compounds that benefit natural enemies. Proteomic analyses showed that defence‐related plant proteins were present in honeydew of seven phloem‐feeding insects analysed. Among these, the enzyme SOD was present in honeydew of all of them. Moreover, the levels of SOD were 10‐fold higher in the phloem of plants infested by P. citri than in that of uninfested plants. SOD was also actively excreted in P. citri honeydew, and we proved that it increases the fecundity of the parasitoid A. vladimiri.

We conclude that enzymatic proteins induced by herbivory in the phloem and involved in plant defence, accumulate in the honeydew excreted by phloem‐feeding insects and, contrary to the current paradigm, at least some of these can have positive effects on the third trophic level.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Similar climate–growth relationships but divergent drought resilience strategies in coexisting Mediterranean shrubs
Authors: Tamudo Elisa , Gazol Antonio , Valeriano Cristina , González Ester , Colangelo Michele , Camarero J. Julio 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Anticipating future impacts of climate warming and aridification on drylands requires understanding how coexisting woody plant species respond to climate variability. However, we lack knowledge of the growth resilience capacity of Mediterranean shrubs. Do coexisting trees and shrubs differ in their response to climate? Do coexisting shrub species have comparable post‐drought growth resilience?

This study was conducted in two Mediterranean shrublands with sparse trees in semi‐arid north‐eastern Spain. We selected sites situated in formerly agricultural or grassland areas in two regions subjected to semi‐arid Mediterranean climate conditions. We sampled six shrubs' species (Juniperus phoenicea, Juniperus oxycedrus, Pistacia lentiscus, Pistacia terebinthus, Rhamnus lycioides and Rhamnus alaternus) and one tree species (Pinus halepensis) to measure their radial growth and to reconstruct their past growth patterns using dendrochronology. We quantified climate–growth relationships of trees and shrubs, as well as the growth resilience capacity after drought events of the six shrubs.

Growth patterns differed between species but a prevalent trade‐off between growth and longevity was found. Growth responses to climate were comparable between species but differed between sites. Most species responded positively to precipitation and negatively to temperature. The most negative correlations of growth with drought severity were found at the driest Valcuerna site. Shrubs differed in their resilience capacity. Across sites, species were more resistant and resilient in Alcubierre, the wettest site. The shrubs P. terebinthus and R. lycioides were more resistant and resilient than the rest of species, which required longer growth recovery times and accumulated stronger growth reductions, particularly J. phoenicea.

Synthesis. These results highlight the importance of drought as a driver of growth in Mediterranean scrublands. Growth resilience strategies differed between species with junipers being less resilient to drought than other coexisting shrubs. Further research should investigate how this difference in post‐drought resilience is related to functional traits, particularly those related with plant water‐use strategies.
Investigating the link between exhaustion of natural resources and economic complexity in sub‐Saharan Africa
Authors: Kelly Arsene Mouongue , Ketu Isaac , Tchapchet Tchouto Jules‐Eric , Nembot Ndeffo Luc 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn the context of sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA), characterized by abundant natural resources and persistent challenges in economic growth, this paper explores the effect of economic complexity (EC) on natural resource depletion (NRD) from 1997 to 2017. To this end, the study employs data mainly from the World Development Indicators on 36 SSA countries. Using both the pooled ordinary least squares and the two‐step system generalized method of moments estimation techniques, the results indicate that EC significantly contributes to reducing the exhaustion of natural resources in SSA during the study period. The findings equally suggest that government expenditure on education, as well as gross domestic product per capita, exert a reducing effect on NRD, while energy use, foreign direct investment, and urbanization are vectors of resource exhaustion in the region. The results remain consistent when an alternative measure of EC is applied as well as when different estimation strategies are used. This offers scope for a reminder for proper management policies to be edited and applied regarding these mostly nonrenewable resources.
Reimagining Business and Management as a Force for Good
Authors: McPhail Ken , Kafouros Mario , McKiernan Peter , Cornelius Nelarine 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe literature has called on business and management scholars to help understand the global challenges we face and to find solutions. The prevailing narratives that have implicitly informed our understanding of business and management knowledge and practice as good need to be reimagined. We question whether our existing theoretical lenses, along with fundamental underlying assumptions about what constitutes labour, value and its creation, and the nature of assets, liabilities and materiality, act as a barrier to advancing business and management practice as a force for good and explore whether we need to go beyond applying existing theory to new research questions. Both Agency Theory and Stakeholder Theory have proven ineffective in aligning social and economic interests, while our disciplinary and publishing customs constrain our imagination and impede conceptions of fundamentally new ways of practising business. We explore why we need to reimagine business and management; what we mean by reimagining business and management and what it means to be a force for good. We conclude that if the purpose of business needs to be reimagined, business schools will also need to change to be major catalysts in this process.
The microbiome of the lichen Lobaria pulmonaria varies according to climate on a subcontinental scale
Authors: Bogale Anteneh Tamirat , Braun Maria , Bernhardt Jörg , Zühlke Daniela , Schiefelbein Ulf , Bog Manuela , Scheidegger Christoph , Zengerer Veronika , Becher Dörte , Grube Martin , Riedel Katharina , Bengtsson Mia M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe Lobaria pulmonaria holobiont comprises algal, fungal, cyanobacterial and bacterial components. We investigated L. pulmonaria's bacterial microbiome in the adaptation of this ecologically sensitive lichen species to diverse climatic conditions. Our central hypothesis posited that microbiome composition and functionality aligns with subcontinental‐scale (a stretch of ~1100 km) climatic parameters related to temperature and precipitation. We also tested the impact of short‐term weather dynamics, sampling season and algal/fungal genotypes on microbiome variation. Metaproteomics provided insights into compositional and functional changes within the microbiome. Climatic variables explained 41.64% of microbiome variation, surpassing the combined influence of local weather and sampling season at 31.63%. Notably, annual mean temperature and temperature seasonality emerged as significant climatic drivers. Microbiome composition correlated with algal, not fungal genotype, suggesting similar environmental recruitment for the algal partner and microbiome. Differential abundance analyses revealed distinct protein compositions in Sub‐Atlantic Lowland and Alpine regions, indicating differential microbiome responses to contrasting environmental/climatic conditions. Proteins involved in oxidative and cellular stress were notably different. Our findings highlight microbiome plasticity in adapting to stable climates, with limited responsiveness to short‐term fluctuations, offering new insights into climate adaptation in lichen symbiosis.
Metagenomic airborne resistome from urban hot spots through the One Health lens
Authors: Maestre‐Carballa Lucia , Navarro‐López Vicente , Martinez‐Garcia Manuel 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHuman activities are a significant contributor to the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), which pose a serious threat to human health. These ARGs can be transmitted through various pathways, including air, within the context of One Health. This study used metagenomics to monitor the resistomes in urban air from two critical locations: a wastewater treatment plant and a hospital, both indoor and outdoor. The presence of cell‐like structures was confirmed through fluorescence microscopy. The metagenomic analysis revealed a wide variety of ARGs and a high diversity of antibiotic‐resistant bacteria in the airborne particles collected. The wastewater treatment plant showed higher relative abundances with 32 ARG hits per Gb and m3, followed by the main entrance of the hospital (indoor) with ≈5 ARG hits per Gb and m3. The hospital entrance exhibited the highest ARG richness, with a total of 152 different ARGs classified into nine categories of antibiotic resistance. Common commensal and pathogenic bacteria carrying ARGs, such as Moraxella, Staphylococcus and Micrococcus, were detected in the indoor airborne particles of the hospital. Interestingly, no ARGs were shared among all the samples analysed, indicating a highly variable dynamic of airborne resistomes. Furthermore, the study found no ARGs in the airborne viral fractions analysed, suggesting that airborne viruses play a negligible role in the dissemination of ARGs.
Employee health and corporate innovation: Evidence from medical cannabis legalisation
Authors: Thompson Linh 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe study the effects of employee health on corporate innovation by exploiting staggered medical cannabis legalisation across states from 1995 to 2020. Medical cannabis legalisation increases medical access, thereby significantly influences employee health. Using a difference‐in‐differences empirical design, we find that firms became more innovative after their states legalised medical cannabis use. In particular, we show that firms produced more patents, generated more patents with significant impacts, and attained higher patent value following the passage of bills to legalise medical cannabis. We identify a possible mechanism through which employee health spurs innovation: lower worker turnover. Lower worker turnover encourages firm‐specific human capital investments and facilitates inter‐generational knowledge transfer. Taken together, our findings support the hypotheses that medical cannabis legalisation improves employee health, overall well‐being and their innovative capacities.
Young adults with a history of substance use disorder experienced more negative mental health, social and economic outcomes during the COVID‐19 pandemic period
Authors: Halvorson Max A. , Kuklinski Margaret R. , Bailey Jennifer A. , Caouette Justin D. , Guttmannova Katarina , Rhew Isaac C. , Oesterle Sabrina 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and aimsFor young adults, the disruptions brought by the COVID‐19 pandemic to work, social relationships and health‐care probably impacted normative life stage transitions. Disaster research shows that negative effects of these events can persist for years after the acute crisis ends. Pandemic‐related disruptions may have been especially consequential for young adults with a history of substance use disorder (SUD). The current work aimed to measure the broad impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on young adults with and without a history of SUD.Design, setting and participantsData were from a longitudinal panel of n = 4407 young adults across the United States surveyed repeatedly from 2014 to 2019 (aged 19–26 years, pre‐pandemic) and again in 2021 (aged 28 years, mid‐pandemic).MeasurementsWe fitted multi‐level models to understand the association between SUD history and pandemic outcomes, controlling for potential confounders (socio‐demographic and health measures). Outcomes included overall life disruption; mental health, social and economic impacts; substance use; and physical health.FindingsYoung adults with a history of SUD reported greater life disruption (standardized β = 0.13–0.15, Ps < 0.015) and negative mental health impacts (standardized β = 0.12–0.14, Ps < 0.012), experienced approximately 20% more work‐related stressors (relative risks = 1.18–1.22, Ps < 0.002) and 50% more home‐related stressors (relative risks = 1.40–1.51, Ps < 0.001), and had two to three times the odds of increased substance use during the pandemic (odds ratios = 2.07–3.23, Ps < 0.001). Findings generally did not differ between those with a recent SUD diagnosis and those in recovery from SUD before the pandemic began.ConclusionsUnited States young adults with a history of substance use disorder (SUD) reported more life disruption and greater negative physical and mental health, social and economic impacts during the COVID mid‐pandemic period than young adults with no history of SUD.
Impact of sleep on educational outcome of Indigenous Australian children: A systematic review
Authors: Fatima Khadija , Varela Sharon , Fatima Yaqoot , Lindsay Daniel , Gray Malama , Cairns Alice 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe association between quality sleep and improved cognition is well reported in literature. However, very few studies have been undertaken to evaluate the impact of poor sleep on educational outcomes in Indigenous Australian children.ObjectivesThe objective of this review was to explore the association between sleep and educational outcomes of Indigenous children.MethodsFor this systematic review, a literature search covering research articles in academic databases and grey literature sources was conducted to retrieve studies published until March 2022. Eight online e‐databases (PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, CINAHL, SCOPUS, HealthinfoNet, PsycINFO, Cochrane and Google Scholar) were searched for data extraction and two appraisal tools (NIH and CREATE) were used for quality assessment. Studies that explored any aspect of sleep health in relation to educational/academic outcomes in school going Indigenous Australian children aged 5–18 were included in this study. All review articles and studies that focused on physical/ mental disabilities or parent perceptions of sleep and educational outcomes were excluded. A convergent integrated approach was used to collate and synthesize information.ResultsOnly three studies (two cross‐sectional and one longitudinal) met the eligibility criteria out of 574 articles. The sample size ranged from 21–50 of 6 to 13 year old children. A strong relationship was indicated between sleep quantity and educational outcomes, in two of the three studies. One study related the sleep fragmentation/shorter sleep schedules of short sleep class and early risers with poorer reading (B = −30.81 to −37.28, p = 0.006 to 0.023), grammar (B = −39.79 to −47.89, p = 0.012–0.013) and numeracy (B = −37.93 to −50.15, p = 0.003 to 0.022) skills compared with long sleep and normative sleep class whereas another reported no significant relation between sleep and educational outcomes.ConclusionThe review highlights the need for more research to provide evidence of potentially modifiable factors such as sleep and the impact these may have on academic performance.
A genome‐wide association study of hand eczema identifies locus 20q13.33 and reveals genetic overlap with atopic dermatitis
Authors: Rosenberg Fieke M. , van der Most Peter J. , Loman Laura , Kamali Zoha , Dittmar Daan , Snieder Harold , Schuttelaar Marie L. A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundTwin studies revealed that genetic effects play a role in hand eczema (HE), but the responsible genetic factors are unknown.ObjectivesTo identify and characterise genetic loci associated with HE and to provide insight into the genetic overlap between HE and atopic dermatitis (AD).MethodsWe used questionnaire‐derived and genotype data from the European population‐based Lifelines cohort and biobank. We performed a discovery genome‐wide association study (GWAS) of HE (2879 cases and 16 249 controls) and of AD (1706 cases and 17 190 controls). We replicated our findings in an independent Lifelines sample for HE (1188 cases and 6431 controls) and AD (757 cases and 6747 controls). We conducted several post‐GWAS analyses and performed genetic correlation analyses between our HE results and independent AD data.ResultsThe two‐step GWAS of HE, regardless of adjusting for AD, identified one independent locus 20q13.33, likely driven by a number of causal single‐nucleotide polymorphisms. For the AD GWAS, we replicated a known stop‐gained rs61816761 at locus 1q21.3 (FLG, FLGAS1). We found a strong genetic correlation (p < 0.01) between HE and AD (rg = 0.65), regardless of adjusting for AD (rg = 0.63).ConclusionsLocus 20q13.33 is associated with HE, and there is a large genetic overlap between HE and AD.
Role of Metacognitive Confidence Judgments in Curiosity: Different Effects of Confidence on Curiosity Across Epistemic and Perceptual Domains
Authors: Sakaki Michiko , Ten Alexandr , Stone Hannah , Murayama Kou 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPrevious research suggests that curiosity is sometimes induced by novel information one has no relevant knowledge about, but it is sometimes induced by new information about something that one is familiar with and has prior knowledge about. However, the conditions under which novelty or familiarity triggers curiosity remain unclear. Using metacognitive confidence judgments as a proxy to quantify the amount of knowledge, this study evaluates the relationship between the amount of relevant knowledge and curiosity. We reviewed previous studies on the relationship between subjective curiosity and confidence and reanalyzed existing large‐sample data. The findings indicate that the relationship between curiosity and confidence differs depending on the nature of the stimuli: epistemic versus perceptual. Regarding perceptual stimuli, curiosity is stronger when individuals have lower confidence levels. By contrast, for epistemic stimuli, curiosity is stronger when individuals have higher confidence levels. These results suggest that curiosity triggered by perceptual stimuli is based on perceived novelty, whereas that triggered by epistemic stimuli is based on familiarity with prior knowledge.