bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intravesikale Behandlungsoptionen in der Neuro-Urologie – eine Übersicht
Authors: Jaekel Anke K. , Knüpfer Stephanie C. , Kirschner-Hermanns Ruth 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Ursache der neurogenen Dysfunktion des unteren Harntraktes sind verschiedenste Schädigungen des zentralen und peripheren Nervensystems. Daraus können diverse Störungen von Harnspeicher- und Harnentleerungsfunktion der Blase entstehen, die sich in Symptomen wie Drangbeschwerden, Harninkontinenz, rezidivierenden Harnwegsinfekten und Blasenentleerungsstörungen äußern. Lebensqualitätseinschränkungen, Gefahr für den oberen Harntrakt, Einschränkung der Erwerbsfähigkeit und Verschlechterung der Symptome der Grunderkrankung sind häufig die Folge. Ziel der Neuro-Urologie ist daher, neben dem Schutz des oberen Harntraktes, Kontinenz zu erhalten bzw. wiederherzustellen und die Lebensqualität der Betroffenen zu verbessern. Dazu stehen neben oraler Medikation und operativen Maßnahmen auch medikamentöse und elektrophysikalische intravesikale Therapieoptionen zur Verfügung. Die Übersicht geht daher auf diese intravesikalen Therapieverfahren sowie deren Indikation und Stellenwert in der Neuro-Urologie ein.
Revision of the Retracted Posttracheostomy Scar by Anatomical Restoration; Four Layer Closure
Authors: Cho Jaeyoung , Lee Jimin , Kang Sang Yoon 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMost tracheostomy scars are depressive and adherent to the underlying trachea, which causes up and down movement when swallowing. This tracheocutaneous tethering causes discomfort, pain, dysphagia, and bad appearance. A tracheocutaneous fistula may be accompanied. Here, we present a new method for reconstructing a tracheostomy scar deformity with tracheocutaneous tethering: layer-by-layer restoration of the anatomical structure with a subcutaneous fat tissue blanket. The scar tissue was fully excised, with the associated skin and subcutaneous tissue. The bilateral strap muscles around the scar were dissected proximally and distally and approximated to the midline, secured without tension. Bilateral platysma muscle flaps cover them firmly. The subcutaneous tissue around the incision margin, which included the superficial cervical fascia was elevated to form a fat blanket, closed transversely. The skin was closed after confirming the absence of retraction upon swallowing. From 2010 to 2018, 10 patients with tracheocutaneous tethering and one patient with tracheocutaneous fistula underwent surgery. All patients were functionally and aesthetically satisfied with the results. The only complication was a hypertrophic scar in one patient, which was managed with a triamcinolone injection. An anatomical layer-by-layer restoration with a fat blanket provided consistent, satisfying results for correcting tracheostomy scar deformities without using additional tissue. This simple method was effective for reconstructing tracheocutaneous tethering.
Modelling and characterisation of a magnetically coupled piezoelectric beam for energy harvesting gear meshing motion
Authors: Xiao Huifang , Guan Xuyang , Zhang Fan , Liang Gang , Tang Yihu , Bowen Chris 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Gear transmission systems are crucial components for transmitting power and motion in a host of engineering applications. Recently, the potential to embed sensors into transmission components has attracted significant attention for accurate condition monitoring of system health. As a result, embedded sensors must operate in a safe and stable manner, whilst being able to provide a continuous power-supply and ensure operational autonomy. In this work, a magnetically coupled beam-type piezoelectric energy harvester is developed for energy harvesting of rotational centrifugal forces and individual gear meshing excitation events. A new coupled electromechanical dynamic model is developed to explain the working principle and response of the harvester when excited by a combination of gear meshing excitation events, a centrifugal force, and a magnetic force. Since gear meshing events are observed to lead to an increased hardening nonlinearity of the energy harvester, and a decrease in power output, a novel variable-section cantilever structure was developed. Our detailed theoretical analysis demonstrates that the novel variable stiffness structure improves both the power output and bandwidth, with excellent agreement with experimental measurements. This work provides new theoretical insights into the application of magnetically coupled piezoelectric energy harvesters for self-powered sensing systems for critical gear transmission systems.
Versatile design of tunable Faraday rotator for terahertz band using graphene-InSb-graphene and 1D photonic crystal
Authors: Kazemi Amir Hossein , Mokhtari Arash , Zamani Mehdi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
A Faraday rotator, composed of graphene-InSb-graphene as magnetic floor and Si-

S
i

O

2

materials as the non-magnetic floor is designed to operate at 10 THz frequency, promising for realizing future communication devices. The height of the dielectric layers significantly influences the selection of the resonance frequency. Additionally, the structure can be tuned to operate at a desired frequency thanks to the adjustable surface conductivity of graphene. The findings reveal that variations in the strength of the applied magnetic field intricately modulate the Faraday rotation (FR) and subsequently alter the transmission spectrum. Specifically, values exceeding 40 degrees of FR and a transmission rate of 50% were attainedwhen the magnetic field strength (B) was set at 2 Tesla. Finally, we have proposed a design process for a Faraday rotator that can operate at any arbitrary frequency in the THz band. This innovative design has the potential to introduce a novel approach in ultrathin magneto-optical nanophotonic devices, enabling the realization of polarization rotators characterized by elevated transmittance and reduced reliance on applied static magnetic fields within the THz band.
Understanding the xenon primary scintillation yield for cutting-edge rare event experiments
Authors: Henriques C.A.O. , Teixeira J.M.R. , Silva P.A.O.C. , Mano R.D.P. , dos Santos J.M.F. , Monteiro C.M.B. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Xenon scintillation has been widely used in rare event detection
experiments, such as in neutrinoless double beta decay, double electron
captures and dark matter searches. Nonetheless, experimental values for primary scintillation yield in gaseous xenon (GXe) remain scarce and dispersed. The mean
energy required to produce a scintillation photon, w
sc, in GXe in the absence of recombination has been measured to be in the range of
34–111 eV. Lower w
sc-values were reported for α-particles
when compared to electrons produced by γ- or x-rays. Since w
sc is expected to be similar for x-, γ-rays or electrons and almost equal to that obtained for α-particles, the above difference can not be understood. In addition, at present one may also pose the question of a dependence of w
sc on photon energy.
We carried out a systematic study on the absolute primary scintillation yield in GXe under reduced electric fields in the 70–300 V cm-1 bar-1 range and near atmospheric pressure, 1.2 bar, supported by a robust geometrical efficiency simulation model.

We were able to clear-out the above standing problems: w
sc was determined for x/γ-rays in the 5.9–60 keV energy range as well as for α-particles in the 1.5–2.5 MeV range, and no significant dependency neither on radiation type nor on energy has been observed. Our experimental w
sc-values agree well with both up-to-date simulations and literature data obtained for α-particles. The discrepancy between our results and the experimental values found in the literature for x/γ-rays is discussed in this work and attributed to unaddressed large systematic errors in those previous studies.
These findings can be extrapolated to other gases, and have impact on experiments such as double beta decay, double electron capture and directional dark matter searches while also on potential future detection systems such as DUNE-Gas.

Only assuming the VUV emission band as is the case of most of the literature values, a mean w
sc-value of 38.7 ± 0.6 (sta.)+7.7
-7.2 (sys.) eV was obtained. If the UV-VIS emission band is to be considered, the average energy to produce a photon was determined to be w
2nd
= 43.5 ± 0.7 (sta.)+8.7
-8.1 (sys.) eV and w
3rd
= 483 ± 7 (sta.+110
-105 (sys.) eV, in the VUV and UV-VIS bands, respectively.
Towards an efficient variational quantum algorithm for solving linear equations
Authors: Xu WenShan , Zhou Ri-Gui , Li YaoChong , Zhang XiaoXue 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Variational quantum algorithms are promising methods with the greatest potential to achieve quantum advantage, widely employed in the era of noisy intermediate-scale quantum computing. This study presents an advanced variational hybrid algorithm (EVQLSE) that leverages both quantum and classical computing paradigms to address the solution of linear equation systems. Initially, an innovative loss function is proposed, drawing inspiration from the similarity measure between two quantum states. This function exhibits a substantial improvement in computational complexity when benchmarked against the variational quantum linear solver. Subsequently, a specialized parameterized quantum circuit structure is presented for small-scale linear systems, which exhibits powerful expressive capabilities. Through rigorous numerical analysis, the expressiveness of this circuit structure is quantitatively assessed using a variational quantum regression algorithm, and it obtained the best score compared to the others. Moreover, the expansion in system size is accompanied by an increase in the number of parameters, placing considerable strain on the training process for the algorithm. To address this challenge, an optimization strategy known as quantum parameter sharing is introduced, which proficiently minimizes parameter volume while adhering to exacting precision standards. Finally, EVQLSE is successfully implemented on a quantum computing platform provided by IBM for the resolution of large-scale problems characterized by a dimensionality of 220.
Searching for 76Ge neutrinoless double beta decay with the CDEX-1B experiment*
Authors: Zhang 张 Bing-Tao 炳韬 , Wang 王 Jun-Zheng 军正 , Yang 杨 Li-Tao 丽桃 , Yue 岳 Qian 骞 , Kang 康 Ke-Jun 克军 , Li 李 Yuan-Jing 元景 , An 安 Hai-Peng 海鹏 , Greeshma C. , Chang 常 Jian-Ping 建平 , Chen 陈 Yun-Huan 云华 , Cheng 程 Jian-Ping 建平 , Dai 代 Wen-Han 文翰 , Deng 邓 Zhi 智 , Fang 房 Chang-Hao 昌昊 , Geng 耿 Xin-Ping 新平 , Gong 宫 Hui 辉 , Guo 郭 Qiu-Ju 秋菊 , Guo 郭 Xu-Yuan 绪元 , He 何 Li 力 , He 何 Sheng-Ming 胜明 , Hu 胡 Jin-Wei 津纬 , Huang 黄 Han-Xiong 翰雄 , Huang 黄 Tu-Chen 土琛 , Jia 贾 Hai-Tao 海涛 , Jiang 蒋 Xi 熙 , Karmakar S. , Li 李 Hao-Bin 浩斌 , Li 李 Jian-Min 荐民 , Li 李 Jin 金 , Li 李 Qian-Yun 倩沄 , Li 李 Ren-Ming-Jie 任明杰 , Li 李 Xue-Qian 学潜 , Li 李 Yu-Lan 玉兰 , Liang 梁 Yi-Fan 艺帆 , Liao 廖 Bin 斌 , Lin 林 Fong-Kay 枫凯 , Lin 林 Shin-Ted 兴德 , Liu 刘 Jia-Xuan 家璇 , Liu 刘 Shu-Kui 书魁 , Liu 刘 Yan-Dong 言东 , Liu 刘 Yu 钰 , Liu 刘 Yuan-Yuan 圆圆 , Liu 刘 Zhong-Zhi 仲智 , Ma 马 Hao 豪 , Mao 茅 Yu-Cai 钰才 , Nie 聂 Qi-Yuan 奇缘 , Ning 宁 Jin-Hua 金华 , Pan 潘 Hui 辉 , Qi 祁 Ning-Chun 宁春 , Ren 任 Jie 杰 , Ruan 阮 Xi-Chao 锡超 , She 佘 Ze 泽 , Singh Manoj Kumar , Sun 孙 Tian-Xi 天希 , Tang 唐 Chang-Jian 昌建 , Tang 唐 Wei-You 维优 , Tian 田 Yang 阳 , Wang 王 Guang-Fu 广甫 , Wang 王 Li 力 , Wang 王 Qing 青 , Wang 王 Yu-Feng 钰锋 , Wang 王 Yun-Xiang 云祥 , Wong 王 Henry-Tsz-King 子敬 , Wu 吴 Shi-Yong 世勇 , Wu 吴 Yu-Cheng 玉成 , Xing 幸 Hao-Yang 浩洋 , Xu 徐 Rui 锐 , Xu 徐 Yin 音 , Xue 薛 Tao 涛 , Yan 鄢 Yu-Lu 雨璐 , Yi 易 Nan 难 , Yu 喻 Chun-Xu 纯旭 , Yu 于 Hai-Jun 海军 , Yue 岳 Jian-Feng 剑锋 , Zeng 曾 Ming 鸣 , Zeng 曾 Zhi 志 , Zhang 张 Feng-Shou 丰收 , Zhang 张 Lei 磊 , Zhang 张 Zhen-Hua 振华 , Zhang 张 Zhen-Yu 震宇 , Zhao 赵 Kang-Kang 康康 , Zhao 赵 Ming-Gang 明刚 , Zhou 周 Ji-Fang 济芳 , Zhou 周 Zu-Ying 祖英 , Zhou 朱 Jing-Jun 敬军 , （CDEX Collaboration）  
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We operated a p-type point contact high purity germanium (PPCGe) detector (CDEX-1B, 1.008 kg) in the China Jinping Underground Laboratory (CJPL) for 500.3 days to search for neutrinoless double beta (

) decay of 76Ge. A total of 504.3 kg

day effective exposure data was accumulated. The anti-coincidence and the multi/single-site event (MSE/SSE) discrimination methods were used to suppress the background in the energy region of interest (ROI, 1989–2089 keV for this work) with a factor of 23. A background level of 0.33 counts/ (keV

kg

yr) was realized. The lower limit on the half life of 76Ge

decay was constrained as

, corresponding to the upper limits on the effective Majorana neutrino mass:

3.2–7.5

.
Investigation of WZ Sge-type Dwarf Nova ASASSN-19oc: Optical Spectroscopy and Multicolor Light Curve Analysis
Authors: Krushevska Viktoriia , Shugarov Sergey , Ochner Paolo , Kuznyetsova Yuliana , Petrov Mykola , Kroll Peter 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this study, we present an investigation of the newly discovered dwarf nova ASASSN-19oc during its superoutburst on 2019 June 2. We carried out detailed UBVR

c

I

c
-photometric observations and also obtained a spectrum on day 7 of the outburst, which shows the presence of hydrogen absorption lines commonly found in dwarf nova outbursts. Analysis of photometric data reveals the occurrence of early superhumps in the initial days of observations, followed by ordinary and late superhumps. We have accurately calculated the period of the ordinary superhumps as P
ord = 0.05681(10) days and determined the periods at different stages, as well as the rate of change of the superhump period (P
dot =

P

̇

/P = 8.1 × 10−5). Additionally, we have derived the mass ratio of the components (q = 0.09), and estimated the color temperature during the outburst as ∼11,000 K, the distance to the system (d = 560 pc) and absolute magnitude of the system in outburst (M

V
= 5.3). We have shown that outbursts of this star are very rare: based on brightness measurements on 600 archival photographic plates, we found only one outburst that occurred in 1984. This fact, as well as the properties listed above, convincingly shows that the variable ASASSN-19oc is a dwarf nova of WZ Sge type.
Discussion on the calculation of the uncertainties of [UTC-UTC(k)]
Authors: Petit G , Panfilo G 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Coordinated universal Time UTC is the reference timescale generated by the BIPM and is made available through the published values [UTC–UTC(k)]. In a previous paper, Panfilo et al (2020 Metrologia
57 065011) we examined the calculation of the uncertainties of [UTC–UTC(k)] and proposed some evolution to the current procedure. We here complete and clarify two main issues related to this calculation that have appeared in discussions and publications following our previous paper. We state (i) that the systematic uncertainty for a specific laboratory UTC(k) is not affected by biases from other laboratories and (ii) that the uncertainties of [UTC–UTC(k)] only depend on the input covariance of the epoch. We highlight the role of UTC and of the uncertainties of [UTC–UTC(k)]. Based on the present computation algorithm ALGOS, we detail internal procedures of the BIPM Time Department implementing the algorithm to ensure the continuity of UTC when changes occur e.g. a new laboratory entering UTC or a new calibration introduced in a specific receiver/time link.
Study on fluorine vacancy defects in yttrium fluoride coating materials
Authors: Feng Yansong , Wang Xingming , Liu Yuyang , Bai Xue , Chu Maoyou , Peng Cheng , Shi Zhixia 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Rare-earth fluoride coating materials have attracted wide attention as a substitute for ThF4 low-refractive index materials. However, the coating materials and coated films fail to achieve the desired results due to vacancy defects caused by their fluorine-loss decomposition characteristics. To explore the rare earth fluoride coating materials’ fluorine loss influence law, the melt crystallization method is used to simulate the yttrium fluoride (YF3) pre-melting process through the electronic paramagnetic resonance (EPR) obtained at different temperatures under the fluorine vacancy defects change rule. According to the number of unpaired spintrons, the number of spintrons in each vacancy is calculated. The results show that the fluorine vacancy defects increase with the increase of temperature, the formation of YF3 fluorine vacancy defects does not affect the change of crystal structure, and the addition of the additive ammonium hydrogen fluoride (NH4HF2) can reduce the oxygen content of YF3 and effectively inhibit the formation of fluorine vacancy. The effect is gradually obvious with the amount of additives added.
Research on surface modification evaluation on composites interfacial properties
Authors: Ruan Chenluwei 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
At present, composites are formed by multi-phase materials with reinforcement and matrix, which can produce a discontinuous interface layer between two phases. Therefore, surface modification methods are proposed to enhance the performance and the composite properties. However, the evaluation of these properties primarily relies on manual detection and this may cause mistakes in some situations. In this work, an automatic evaluation model is proposed to achieve the interfacial properties estimation. The neural network consists of multiple layers of neural cells and the evaluation is simulated by the prediction process with enough training iterations. Initially, the neural network model is trained with tremendous composite properties with different surface modification methods and the evaluation results are labelled. Further, the inner parameters are set and the convergence condition is controlled to obtain an acceptable evaluation model. Finally, our model is compared with existing evaluation methods. From our extensive experiments and analysis, it can be concluded that our model can realize the evaluation for the performance of surface modification in interfacial properties.
Effect of magnesium hydroxide fly ash compounded flame retardant on the properties of polyvinyl chloride
Authors: Zhao Lianglian , Ma Weixun , Chen Xuelin , Duo Xinghong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This study investigated the effects of compound flame retardants on polyvinyl chloride (PVC) film. Four F-M/PVC composite film materials (F0.1M0.1/PVC, F0.1M0.2/PVC, F0.1M0.3/PVC, and F0.1M0.4/PVC) were obtained by blending different ratios of fly ash (FA) and magnesium hydroxide (MH(OH)2, MH) compounded flame retardants (F-M) with PVC. The mechanical properties, thermal stability, and smoke density of the composite film materials were examined. The results showed that the loss of mechanical properties of F0.1M0.2/PVC composites was small. TGA analysis showed that the thermal stability of the four F-M/PVC composites was improved. The degradation temperature of pure PVC at T50 was 286.5°C, and that of F0.1M0.2/PVC composites was 335.38°C. Smoke density analysis showed that the maximum smoke density of pure PVC was 6.310, and the maximum smoke density of the composite material (F0.1M0.4/PVC) was reduced to 5.960, which had a better smoke suppression effect. For the comprehensive utilization of Salt Lake magnesium resources, the development of PVC composite film materials to provide the experimental basis has a strong practical value.
Preparation method of reversible temperature indicating patch for temperature self-detection of power equipment and its properties
Authors: Liu Guanke , Wang Wanwei , Dai Xiliang , Zhong Rongfu , Zhang Haipeng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The problem of thermally induced defects in power equipment is prominent, affecting the safe and stable operation of the power grid. To detect abnormal heating in time, a reversible temperature-indicating patch measurement for temperature self-detection of power equipment is proposed, and its performance is analyzed and studied. The results show that the reversible thermochromic patch prepared with heat-sensitive red as the hidden colorant, dodecyl gallate as the color rendering agent, and tetradecane as the solvent has the color change characteristic of “light color at low temperature and deep color at high temperature”, and its color-changing temperature interval is 42°C ∼ 52°C. The color-changing performance of the materials with different quality ratios is different, from which the optimal ratio of the color-changing materials is selected as thermochromic red: lauryl gallate: tetradecanol=1:7:30. To facilitate the application of the color-changing materials on-site, the color-changing materials are encapsulated by melt adsorption sealing technology, and the temperature indicating patches with good color-changing reversibility are prepared. The research results can provide a reference for the field application of reversible color-changing materials for temperature self-detection of power equipment.
Ternary particle composite synergistically enhances the fluidity and dielectric properties of filled thermal conductive epoxy resin
Authors: Lv Yang , Qiao Jian , He Jianfei , Yang Wei , Wang Kun , Huang Shilei , Ma Huan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Particle-packed epoxy materials are widely used to improve the thermal conductivity of insulation materials. However, the addition of fillers increases the viscosity of the composite which reduces its operability, and is not conducive to the packaging of power electronic equipment such as electric transformers and reactors. Multi-scale particle compounding is one of the effective methods to enhance the co-processing performance of materials by reducing the friction between particles and epoxy matrix while forming an effective thermal conductivity network. Three types of spherical alumina sized around 4 μm, 38 μm, and 125 μm were used as fillers to study the fluidity, thermal conductivity, and dielectric properties of single-filled and ternary compounds. The results showed that the ternary particle composite reduced the viscosity of the precursor by up to 68.8%, achieving a synergistic improvement in operability, thermal conductivity, and electrical performance.
Synthesis of titanium dioxide and the study of photocatalytic activity
Authors: Yan Ting , Wang Ying , Yang Peining , Xie Ning , Guo Tingting , Li Tianjin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The preparation of titanium dioxide (TiO2) particles is optimized by two different methods based on the sol-gel method. The degradation experiment of methyl orange showed that sample B prepared by the two-step ethanol method had better catalytic performance than sample A prepared by the one-step ethanol method. In addition, X-ray diffraction (XRD) testing revealed there was a rutile phase in sample B in addition to the anatase phase, and the catalytic degradation experiment proved that the existence of a rutile phase was conducive to improving the photocatalytic efficiency of TiO2.
The effect of different active diluents on the properties of epoxy materials
Authors: Qiao Jian , He Jianfei , Lv Yang , Yang Wei , Wang Kun , Huang Shilei , Ma Huan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Epoxy resin is widely used in the insulation packaging field of electrical equipment due to its advantages such as low cost, excellent insulation, and mechanical properties. However, the thermal conductivity and the heat resistance of domestic epoxy insulation packaging materials make it difficult to meet the increasingly demanding operating conditions of electrical equipment. This article investigated the effects of active diluents with different functional group numbers on the glass transition temperature, mechanical strength, and low-temperature cracking resistance of epoxy materials. Four functional group active diluents were selected as additives to reduce the viscosity of epoxy resin, and the influence of diluent content on the comprehensive performance of epoxy resin was studied and analyzed.