bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disposable Electrochemical Immunosensor by Using Carbon Sphere/Gold Nanoparticle Composites as Labels for Signal Amplification
Authors: Xu Qiunan , Yan Feng , Lei Jianping , Leng Chuan , Ju Huangxian 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThis work designed a simple, sensitive, and low‐cost immunosensor for the detection of protein marker by using a carbon sphere/gold nanoparticle (CNS/AuNP) composite as an electrochemical label. The nanoscale carbon spheres, prepared with a hydrothermal method by using glucose as raw material, were used to load AuNPs for labeling antibody by electrostatic interaction, which provided a feasible pathway for electron transfer due to the remarkable conductivity. The disposable immunosensor was constructed by coating a polyethylene glycol (PEG) film on a screen‐printed carbon‐working electrode and then immobilizing capture antibody on the film. With a sandwich‐type immunoassay format, the analyte and then the CNS/AuNP‐labeled antibody were successively bound to the immunosensor. The bound AuNPs were finally electro‐oxidized in 0.1 M HCl to produce AuCl4− for differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) detection. The high‐loading capability of AuNPs on CNS for the sandwich‐type immunorecognition led to obvious signal amplification. By using human immunoglobulin G (IgG) as model target, the DPV signal of AuNPs after electro‐oxidized at optimal potential of +1.40 V for 40 s showed a wide linear dependence on the logarithm of target concentration ranging from 10 pg mL−1 to 10 ng mL−1. The detection limit was around 9 pg mL−1. The immunosensor showed excellent analytical performance with cost effectivity, good fabrication reproducibility, and acceptable precision and accuracy, providing significant potential application in clinical analysis.
Pemetrexed in combination with cisplatin versus cisplatin monotherapy in patients with recurrent or metastatic head and neck cancer
Authors: Urba Susan , van Herpen Carla M. L. , Sahoo Tarini Prasad , Shin Dong M. , Licitra Lisa , Mezei Klara , Reuter Christoph , Hitt Ricardo , Russo Francesca , Chang Shao‐Chun , Hossain Anwar M. , Frimodt‐Moller Bente , Koustenis Andrew , Hong Ruey‐Long 
Published: March 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND:Recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) is associated with poor survival. Platinum‐based chemotherapy is often a first‐line treatment. Pemetrexed has shown single‐agent activity in SCCHN and in combination with cisplatin for other tumors. This trial examined the efficacy of pemetrexed‐cisplatin for SCCHN.METHODS:In a double‐blind phase 3 trial, patients with recurrent or metastatic SCCHN and no prior systemic therapy for metastatic disease were randomized to pemetrexed (500 mg/m2) plus cisplatin (75 mg/m2; n = 398) or placebo plus cisplatin (75 mg/m2; n = 397) to assess overall survival (OS) and secondary endpoints.RESULTS:Median OS was 7.3 months in the pemetrexed‐cisplatin arm and 6.3 months in the placebo‐cisplatin arm (hazard ratio [HR], 0.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.75‐1.02;P= .082). Median progression‐free survival (PFS, months) was similar in both treatment arms (pemetrexed‐cisplatin, 3.6; placebo‐cisplatin, 2.8; HR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.76‐1.03;P= .166). Among patients with performance status 0 or 1, pemetrexed‐cisplatin (n = 347) led to longer OS and PFS than placebo‐cisplatin (n = 343; 8.4 vs 6.7 months; HR, 0.83;P= .026; 4.0 vs 3.0 months; HR, 0.84;P= .044, respectively). Among patients with oropharyngeal cancers, pemetrexed‐cisplatin (n = 86) resulted in longer OS and PFS than placebo‐cisplatin (n = 106; 9.9 vs 6.1 months; HR, 0.59;P= .002; 4.0 vs 3.4 months; HR, 0.73;P= .047, respectively). Pemetrexed‐cisplatin toxicity was consistent with studies in other tumors.CONCLUSIONS:Pemetrexed‐cisplatin compared with placebo‐cisplatin did not significantly improve survival for the intent‐to‐treat population. However, in a prespecified subgroup analysis, pemetrexed‐cisplatin showed OS and PFS advantage for patients with performance status 0 or 1 or oropharyngeal cancers. Cancer 2012. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
Clinical and histopathologic characteristics of rash in cancer patients treated with mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors
Authors: Balagula Yevgeniy , Rosen Alyx , Tan Belinda H. , Busam Klaus J. , Pulitzer Melissa P. , Motzer Robert J. , Feldman Darren R. , Konner Jason A. , Reidy‐Lagunes Diane , Myskowski Patricia L. , Lacouture Mario E. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND:Dermatologic adverse events stemming from anticancer therapies have become an increasingly frequent clinical problem. Inhibitors of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), such as temsirolimus and everolimus, have been associated with a high rate of skin eruptions, but their clinical and histopathologic characteristics have not been explored.METHODS:A retrospective analysis of patients who were referred to the Dermatology Service for diagnosis and management of rash in the setting of therapy with the mTOR inhibitors everolimus and temsirolimus was performed. The parameters that were studied included the time to onset, clinical presentation at the time of dermatologic evaluation, associated symptoms, evolution, results of microbiologic studies, concomitant medications, the need for dose reduction and/or treatment interruption because of rash, and routine histopathology.RESULTS:In total, 13 patients were analyzed. Most rashes were mild (grade 1; 31%) and moderate (grade 2; 54%) in severity, and grade 3 rashes were observed only in 2 patients (15%). The trunk was the most frequently affected region (77%), with the scalp (23%), face (38%), neck (54%), and extremities (69%) also commonly involved. Erythematous papules and pustules constituted the predominant primary lesion morphology (62%). No unique or uniform histopathologic reaction pattern was observed. The most common reaction pattern was that of a mixed, spongiotic interface and perivascular dermatitis, which was observed in 7 of 11 patients (63%).CONCLUSIONS:Although mTOR inhibitors may commonly induce erythematous papules and pustules, they are associated with a spectrum of lesion morphologies and a variety of histopathologic findings. Further clinicohistologic correlation studies are needed. Cancer 2012. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
Racial differences in presentation and management of follicular non‐Hodgkin lymphoma in the United States
Authors: Nabhan Chadi , Byrtek Michelle , Taylor Michael D. , Friedberg Jonathan W. , Cerhan James R. , Hainsworth John D. , Miller Thomas P. , Hirata Jamie , Link Brian K. , Flowers Christopher R. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND:Racial differences in follicular lymphoma (FL) in the United States have not been investigated.METHODS:The National LymphoCare Study is a multicenter, longitudinal, observational cohort study collecting data on treatment patterns and outcomes for patients with newly diagnosed FL in the United States between 2004 and 2007 without any predefined, study‐specific intervention. The authors investigated differences between white (W) patients, African American (AA) patients, and Hispanic (H) patients.RESULTS:Among 2744 enrolled patients, there were 95 (3%) AA patients, 125 (5%) H patients, and 2476 (90%) W patients. Compared with W patients, more AA and H patients were diagnosed at age <45 years (P < .0001). H patients more commonly were diagnosed with grade 3 FL compared with AA and W patients (29%, 13%, and 18%, respectively; P = .019) and more commonly received rituximab plus chemotherapy as initial therapy compared with W patients (66% vs 50%; P = .036), while AA patients less commonly received anthracyclines (49% vs 64% in W patients; P = .027). H and AA patients who received rituximab plus chemotherapy were less likely than W patients to receive maintenance rituximab (27% vs 31% vs 40%, respectively; P = .031). At a median follow‐up of 52 months, progression‐free survival was similar between AA and W patients but was longer in H patients, and there was no difference in overall survival.CONCLUSIONS:In the largest prospective cohort to date of AA and H patients with FL in the United States, AA and H patients were younger at presentation. Although racial differences in treatment patterns for FL were noted, additional follow‐up is needed to determine the impact of these differences on survival. Cancer 2012. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
New frontiers in cell competition†
Authors: de Beco Simon , Ziosi Marcello , Johnston Laura A. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractCellular communication is at the heart of animal development, and guides the specification of cell fates, the movement of cells within and between tissues, and the coordinated arrangement of different body parts. During organ and tissue growth, cell–cell communication plays a critical role in decisions that determine whether cells survive to contribute to the organism. In this review, we discuss recent insights into cell competition, a social cellular phenomenon that selects the fittest cells in a tissue, and as such potentially contributes to the regulation of its growth and final size. The field of cell competition has seen a huge explosion in its study in the last several years, facilitated by the increasingly sophisticated genetic and molecular technology available in Drosophila and driven by its relevance to stem cell biology and human cancer. Developmental Dynamics 241:831–841, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Efficient search for Anisimkin's (quasilongitudinal) modes in rotated Y‐cuts of various piezoelectric materials
Authors: Onoe Morio , Kaga Shigetaka 
Published: March 2012

AbstractQuasilongitudinal modes in a quartz ST cut discovered by Anisimkin gave a new possibility of selecting material for sensing devices. An efficient search method is presented based on analyses previously reported. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 95(4): 41–48, 2012; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.10410
Theoretical consideration of high‐sensitivity biosensor using shear horizontal acoustic waves in layered structures
Authors: Kondoh Jun 
Published: March 2012

AbstractRealization of high‐sensitivity biosensors is required. Acoustic wave‐based biosensors are promising because of their ability to detect immunoreactions. In this paper, a shear horizontal (SH) acoustic wave in layered structures, namely, the Love wave, is discussed on the basis of numerical calculations. To generate the Love wave, a 36YX‐LiTaO3 was chosen as a piezoelectric substrate. SiO2, polymer, and gold were chosen as guiding layer materials. First, the phase velocity and propagation loss were calculated as a function of the layer thickness. Then, an additional mass layer was loaded on the guiding layer to simulate bio‐layer deposition. Simulation results indicate that a highly sensitive biosensor was realized by using a gold guiding layer. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 95(4): 27–;32, 2012; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.10417
Persistent genomic instability in peripheral blood lymphocytes from hodgkin lymphoma survivors
Authors: Salas C. , Niembro A. , Lozano V. , Gallardo E. , Molina B. , Sánchez S. , Ramos S. , Carnevale A. , Pérez‐Vera P. , Rivera Luna R. , Frias S. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractAdvances in cancer treatment have led to an increase in patient survival. However, exposure to genotoxic chemotherapeutic agents and ionizing radiation may induce persistent genetic damage in cancer survivors. In this study, we detected genomic instability in chromosomes of peripheral blood lymphocytes from Hodgkin lymphoma patients, 2–17 years after MOPP (nitrogen mustard, Oncovin, procarbazine, and prednisone) chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy. Samples were obtained from 11 healthy individuals, 5 pretreatment patients, and 20 posttreatment patients. Cytogenetic analysis with GTG banding was performed on 1,000 lymphocyte metaphases per donor to identify genomic instability, including numerical and structural chromosomal aberrations, at a resolution of 10 Mb across the entire genome. Our results showed that anticancer treatment did not induce significant differences in the frequency of aneuploidy among the three study groups. However, 1 of the 11 healthy individuals, and 13 of the 20 posttreatment patients had a high frequency of chromosomal breaks and gross chromosomal rearrangements. The types of aberrations observed were random and complex, consistent with persistent genomic instability that was induced by cancer treatment. Clonal expansion of cells with chromosomal lesions was observed in one posttreatment patient only. These findings show that anticancer treatments induce persistent genomic instability, but not aneuploidy. Chemotherapy may affect genes with a role in DNA damage surveillance or repair, which in turn allows the accumulation of nontargeted structural chromosomal damage in future generations of cells. This genomic instability may facilitate the development of second malignancies in Hodgkin lymphoma survivors. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Modeling cyclic loading behavior of jointed precast concrete connections including effects of friction, tendon yielding and dampers
Authors: Rodgers Geoffrey W. , Mander John B. , Geoffrey Chase J. 
Published: March 2012

SUMMARYReversed cyclic loading behavior of jointed precast prestressed concrete beam‐to‐column connections are computationally modeled and validated against full‐scale experimental results. Response simulations are performed with and without supplemental high force‐to‐volume (HF2V) energy dissipation devices. The experimental specimen is a three‐dimensional corner connection of a jointed precast concrete frame structure, utilizing unbonded post‐tensioned tendons consisting of high‐alloy, high‐strength thread‐bars. The joint region is armored, to avoid damage, by providing steel plates at the beam–column (rocking) contact points.The analytical model of the connection is developed to include modifications for the effects of changing connection behavior. These effects are friction within the prestressing system, yielding of the prestressing tendons, reduction or elimination of prestress attributable to prior tendon yield, and directional dependence caused by an asymmetrical prestress system. Particular attention is given to developing a robust model that can accommodate small reversals in the displacement loading. The model is extended to incorporate the effects of the HF2V energy dissipation devices and the associated flexibility from the elements that connect the devices to the structure. Although the model is applied to the use of HF2V (lead extrusion) energy dissipation devices, it is general and can accommodate any non‐linear rate‐dependent damper. The computational model is based almost entirely on rational mechanics and shows good agreement with the full‐scale experimental observations. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Complement component C3 and complement receptor type 3 contribute to the phagocytosis and clearance of fibrillar Aβ by microglia
Authors: Fu Hongjun , Liu Bin , Frost Jeffrey L. , Hong Soyon , Jin Ming , Ostaszewski Beth , Shankar Ganesh M. , Costantino Isabel M. , Carroll Michael C. , Mayadas Tanya N. , Lemere Cynthia A. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractComplement components and their receptors are found within and around amyloid β (Aβ) cerebral plaques in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Microglia defend against pathogens through phagocytosis via complement component C3 and/or engagement of C3 cleavage product iC3b with complement receptor type 3 (CR3, Mac‐1). Here, we provide direct evidence that C3 and Mac‐1 mediate, in part, phagocytosis and clearance of fibrillar amyloid‐β (fAβ) by murine microglia in vitro and in vivo. Microglia took up not only synthetic fAβ42 but also amyloid cores from patients with AD, transporting them to lysosomes in vitro. Fibrillar Aβ42 uptake was significantly attenuated by the deficiency or knockdown of C3 or Mac‐1 and scavenger receptor class A ligands. In addition, C3 or Mac‐1 knockdown combined with a scavenger receptor ligand, fucoidan, further attenuated fibrillar Aβ42 uptake by N9 microglia. Fluorescent fibrillar Aβ42 microinjected cortically was significantly higher in C3 and Mac‐1 knockout mice compared with wild‐type mice 5 days after surgery, indicating reduced clearance in vivo. Together, these results demonstrate that C3 and Mac‐1 are involved in phagocytosis and clearance of fAβ by microglia, providing support for a potential beneficial role for microglia and the complement system in AD pathogenesis. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effect of temporal resolution of water level and temperature inputs on numerical simulation of groundwater–surface water flux exchange in a heavily modified urban river
Authors: Ebrahim Girma Yimer , Hamonts Kelly , van Griensven Ann , Jonoski Andreja , Dejonghe Winnie , Mynett Arthur 
Published: March 2012

AbstractGroundwater interacts with surface water features nearly in all types of landscapes. Understanding these interactions has practical consequences on the quantity and quality of water in either system, because the depletion or contamination of one of the systems will eventually affect the other one. Many studies have shown that the use of heat as natural tracer in conjunction with water level measurements is an effective method for estimating water flow (fluxes) between groundwater and surface water. A number of studies have explored the effects of spatial and temporal variability of groundwater–surface water flux exchanges using temperature and water level measurements; however, the effect of temporal resolution of water level and temperature data on estimating flux remains unexplored. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of temporal resolution of input data on temporal variation of groundwater–surface water flux exchanges. To this end, we calibrated a variably saturated two‐dimensional groundwater flow and heat transport model (VS2DH) at hourly and daily time scales using temperatures measured at multiple depths below the riverbed of the Zenne River, located at a well‐known Belgian brownfield site. Results of the study showed that the computed water flux through the streambed ranged between −32 mm/day and +25 mm/day using the hourly model and from −10 mm/day to −37 mm/day using the daily model. The hourly model resulted in detecting reversal of flow direction inducing short‐term surface water flow into the streambed. However, such events were not captured if daily temperature and water level measurements were used as input. These findings have important implications for understanding contaminant mass flux and their attenuation in the mixing zone of groundwater and surface water. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Zoledronic acid improves bone mineral density in pediatric spinal cord injury
Authors: Ooi Hooi Leng , Briody Julie , McQuade Mary , Munns Craig F 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is associated with rapid and sustained bone loss and increase risk of fracture. Disuse is the primary cause for bone loss, although neural and hormonal changes may also contribute via different mechanisms. Bisphosphonates are used widely to treat osteoporosis in adults and are used increasingly for primary and secondary osteoporosis in children. Current data are insufficient to recommend routine use of bisphosphonates for fracture prevention in adult patients post-SCI and there are no available data in pediatric SCI. We report a 12-year-old boy with non-traumatic SCI who was treated with six monthly zoledronic acid (0.05 mg/kg/dose) for 18 months. The patient (AA) was diagnosed with transverse myelitis at 8.1 years of age, resulting in ventilator-dependent incomplete C3 tetraplegia. Following a fragility fracture to the surgical neck of the right humerus at 9.5 years of age, he was started on zoledronic acid. Bone turnover decreased and bone densitometry data (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry [DXA] and peripheral quantitative computed tomography [pQCT]) showed improvement in metaphyseal and diaphyseal bone mineral content (BMC), volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), and size, after 18 months of treatment. In the growing skeleton post-SCI, zoledronic acid potentially increases vertebral and long-bone strength by preserving trabecular bone (increased BMC and vBMD) and increasing cortical vBMD and cross-sectional area (CSA). © 2012 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Employing reduced surface field technique by a P‐type region in 4H‐SiC metal semiconductor field effect transistors for increasing breakdown voltage
Authors: Moghadam Hamid Amini , Orouji Ali A. , Jamali Mahabadi S. E. 
Published: March 2012

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we employ the Reduced Surface Field technique in metal semiconductor field effect transistors (MESFETs) by a P‐type region above the active layer near gate (PR‐MESFET). Electric field distribution can be made more uniform by a new depletion region in the active layer of the proposed structure that is created by a P‐type region. ‏‏Therefore, the electric field peak at the gate edge decreases, and the breakdown voltage increases. On the basis of our simulation results, the breakdown voltage increases as compared with the conventional bulk 4H‐SiC MESFET (CB‐MESFET) and the spacer bulk 4H‐SiC MESFET (SB‐MESFET). Detailed numerical simulations demonstrate that for proposed structure due to decrease in parasitic gate‐to‐drain capacitor, maximum oscillation frequency increases with respect to SB‐MESFET. Our simulation results show that output current slightly decreases in comparison with CB‐MESFET. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Time course of tinnitus development following noise exposure in mice
Authors: Turner Jeremy , Larsen Deb , Hughes Larry , Moechars Diederik , Shore Susan 
Published: March 2012

AbstractGap‐induced prepulse inhibition of acoustic startle (GPIAS) has been used in rats and mice to study the problem of tinnitus. The current study demonstrates that similar methods can be used to study the temporal development of tinnitus over time in middle‐aged mice. Six‐month‐old mice on a mixed C57Bl6 × 129 background were anesthetized with isoflurane and exposed to unilateral noise (n = 15), or sham exposure for controls (n = 8), for 1 hr (16‐kHz octave band signal, 116‐dB SPL). Tinnitus was tested in eight different sound frequency bands before and at postexposure time points of 1, 3–4, 7, 14, 21, and 30 days and monthly thereafter until 7 months postexposure. Noise‐exposed mice displayed a number of changes in GPIAS consistent with the presence of hyperacusis and tinnitus. Noise exposure was associated with acute tinnitus measured 1 day later at several frequencies at and above the exposure frequency center. Consistent, chronic tinnitus then emerged in the 24‐kHz range. Several time points following noise exposure suggested evidence of hyperacusis, often followed temporally by the development of deficits in GPIAS (reflecting tinnitus). Temporal development of these changes following noise exposure are discussed in the context of the interactions among aging, noise exposure, and the associated neurochemical changes that occur at early stages of auditory processing. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.