bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enamel histomorphometry, growth patterns and developmental trajectories of the first deciduous molar in an Italian early medieval skeletal series
Authors: Magri Stefano , Higgins Owen Alexander , Lugli Federico , Silvestrini Sara , Vazzana Antonino , Bondioli Luca , Nava Alessia , Benazzi Stefano 
Published: May 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the growth patterns and developmental trajectories of teeth during early life stages provides valuable insights into the ontogeny of individuals, particularly in archaeological populations where such information is scarce.This study focuses on first deciduous molars, specifically investigating crown formation times and daily secretion rates, through histological analysis. A total of 34 teeth from the Early Medieval necropolises of Casalmoro and Guidizzolo (Mantua, Lombardy, northern Italy) were analysed assessing growth parameters and identifying possible differences between sites and between sexes, which are determined through proteomic analysis. Furthermore, a robust linear regression model relating prism length and secretion time was built to estimate growth rates also in teeth in which the finest incremental markings are not visible.The daily secretion rates (DSR) in inner enamel showed a high homogeneity between dental arches, sexes and the two sites. Values fall within the known range reported in the literature for the same tooth class in archaeological populations. However, a difference in DSR was observed when compared with modern sample published values. Crown formation times and age at crown completion is different between dental arches, with maxillary first molars initiating their matrix apposition earlier than mandibular molars as formerly reported. However, no significant differences were highlighted in association with sex.This study expands our understanding of the growth and development of first deciduous molars in a medieval population, providing valuable insights into growth trajectories specific to the dental arch. These findings highlight the need for extensive investigations using similar methodologies to attain more accurate and comprehensive information about the developmental patterns of first deciduous molars and underscore the potential use of proteomic analysis to explore deciduous teeth microstructure even in archaeological populations.
Metabolic rewiring in fat-depletedDrosophilareveals triglyceride:glycogen crosstalk and identifies cDIP as a new regulator of energy metabolism
Authors: Ugrankar-Banerjee Rupali , Tran Son , Bowerman Jade , Paul Blessy , Zacharias Lauren G. , Mathews Thomas P. , DeBerardinis Ralph J. , Henne W Mike 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTissues store excess nutrients as triglyceride (TG) or glycogen, but how these reserves are sensed and communicate remains poorly understood. Here we identify molecular players orchestrating this metabolic balance, and uncover a signaling molecule that mediates energy homeostasis during fat depletion. We show tissue-specific depletion of fatty acyl-CoA synthase FASN1 in theDrosophilafat body (FB) causes near complete fat loss and metabolic remodeling that dramatically elevates carbohydrate metabolism, leading to a striking ∼20-fold increase in glycogen storage. Proteomics and metabolomics identify key factors necessary for rewiring including glycolysis enzymes and target-of-brain-insulin (tobi). FASN1-deficient flies are viable but starvation sensitive, oxidatively stressed, and infertile. We also identify CG10824/cDIP as upregulated in FASN1-depletedDrosophila. cDIP is a leucine-rich-repeat protein with homology to secreted adipokines that fine-tune energy signaling. We find FB-specific cDIP loss promotesDrosophilaadult obesity, and is required for development in the absence of FASN1-dependent lipid storage. Collectively, we show fat-depletedDrosophilarewire their metabolism to complete development, and identify cDIP as a putative new cytokine that signals fat insufficiency and may regulate energy homeostasis.
Spectinamide MBX-4888A exhibits favorable lesion and tissue distribution and promotes treatment shortening in advanced murine models of tuberculosis
Authors: Bauman Allison A. , Sarathy Jansy P. , Kaya Firat , Massoudi Lisa M. , Scherman Michael S. , Hastings Courtney , Liu Jiuyu , Xie Min , Brooks Elizabeth J. , Ramey Michelle E. , Jones Isabelle L. , Benedict Noalani D. , Maclaughlin Madelyn R. , Miller-Dawson Jake A. , Waidyarachchi Samanthi L. , Butler Michelle M. , Bowlin Terry L. , Zimmerman Matthew D. , Lenaerts Anne J. , Meibohm Bernd , Gonzalez-Juarrero Mercedes , Lyons Michael A. , Dartois Véronique , Lee Richard E. , Robertson Gregory T. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe spectinamides are novel, narrow-spectrum semisynthetic analogs of spectinomycin, modified to avoid intrinsic efflux byMycobacterium tuberculosis. Spectinamides, including lead MBX-4888A (Lee-1810), exhibit promising therapeutic profiles in mice, as single drugs and as partner agents with other anti-tuberculosis antibiotics including rifampin and/or pyrazinamide. To demonstrate that this translates to more effective cure, we first confirmed the role of rifampin, with or without pyrazinamide, as essential to achieve effective bactericidal responses and sterilizing cure in the current standard of care regimen in chronically infected C3HeB/FeJ mice compared to BALB/c mice. Thus, demonstrating added value in testing clinically relevant regimens in murine models of increasing pathologic complexity. Next we show that MBX-4888A, given by injection with the front-line standard of care regimen, is treatment shortening in multiple murine tuberculosis infection models. The positive treatment responses to MBX-4888A combination therapy in multiple mouse models including mice exhibiting advanced pulmonary disease can be attributed to favorable distribution in tissues and lesions, retention in caseum, along with favorable effects with rifampin and pyrazinamide under conditions achieved in necrotic lesions. This study also provides an additional data point regarding the safety and tolerability of spectinamide MBX-4888A in long-term murine efficacy studies.
Engineered reactivity of a bacterial E1-like enzyme enables ATP-driven modification of protein C termini
Authors: Frazier Clara L. , Deb Debashrito , Weeks Amy M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn biological systems, ATP provides an energetic driving force for peptide bond formation, but protein chemists lack tools that emulate this strategy. Inspired by the eukaryotic ubiquitination cascade, we developed an ATP-driven platform for C-terminal activation and peptide ligation based onE. coliMccB, a bacterial ancestor of ubiquitin-activating (E1) enzymes that natively catalyzes C-terminal phosphoramidate bond formation. We show that MccB can act on non-native substrates to generate anO-AMPylated electrophile that can react with exogenous nucleophiles to form diverse C-terminal functional groups including thioesters, a versatile class of biological intermediates that have been exploited for protein semisynthesis. To direct this activity towards specific proteins of interest, we developed the Thioesterification C-terminal Handle (TeCH)-tag, a sequence that enables high-yield, ATP-driven protein bioconjugation via a thioester intermediate. By mining the natural diversity of the MccB family, we developed two additional MccB/TeCH-tag pairs that are mutually orthogonal to each other and to theE. colisystem, facilitating the synthesis of more complex bioconjugates. Our method mimics the chemical logic of peptide bond synthesis that is widespread in biology for high-yieldin vitromanipulation of protein structure with molecular precision.
Bacteria can anticipate the seasons: photoperiodism in cyanobacteria
Authors: Jabbur Maria Luísa , Johnson Carl Hirschie 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPhotoperiodic Time Measurement is the ability of plants and animals to measure differences in day/night-length (photoperiod) and use that information to anticipate critical seasonal transformations such as annual temperature cycles. This timekeeping phenomenon triggers adaptive responses in higher organisms such as gonadal growth/regression, flowering, and hibernation. Unexpectedly, we discovered this capability in cyanobacteria, unicellular prokaryotes with generation times of only 5-6 h. Cyanobacteria in short winter-like days develop enhanced resistance to cold that involves desaturation of membrane lipids and differential programs of gene transcription, including stress response pathways. As in eukaryotes, this photoperiodic timekeeping requires an intact circadian clockwork and develops over multiple cycles. Therefore, photoperiodic timekeeping evolved in much simpler organisms than previously appreciated, and involved genetic responses to stresses that recur seasonally.
Pulsed sounds caused by internal oxygen transport during photosynthesis in the seagrassHalophila ovalis
Authors: Mok Hin-Kiu , Chang Yen-Wei , Fine Michael L. , Soong Keryea , Chen Yu-Yun , Gilmore Richard G. , Chiu Linus Yong-Sheng , Hsu Shi-Lin , Chang Hai-Jin 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTOxygen bubbles that leak from seagrass blades during photosynthesis have been hypothesized to cause cavitation sounds in aquatic plants. Here we investigate low-amplitude sounds with regular pulse rates produced during photosynthesis in seagrass beds ofHalophila ovalis(Qitou Bay, Penghu islands and Cigu Lagoon, Taiwan). Sound pulses appear in the morning when illumination exceeds 10,000 Lux, peak at midday and decrease in midafternoon on a sunny day. Frequencies peak between 1 to 4 kHz, durations range between ca. 1.8 to 4.8 ms, and sound pressure level 1 cm from the bed is 80.3±2.0 dB re 1μPa (1-3 kHz band, 11:00 on a cloudy day). Sounds attenuate rapidly, disappearing beyond 15 cm. Blocking sunlight or administering herbicide stops ongoing sounds. Gas bubbles are not typically seen during sound production ruling out cavitation, and external force (finger pressing or scissor cutting) applied to the substrate of seagrass patch or leaves, petioles, or rhizomes generally increases pulse rate. We suggest sound emission is caused by internal oxygen transport through pores in diaphragms (a whistle mechanism) at the leaf base and nodes of the rhizome.
Be a boundaryless good guy! How job embeddedness mediates and organizational identification moderates the associations of boundaryless career attitude with extra-role behaviours
Authors: Lo Presti Alessandro , De Rosa Assunta , Kundi Yasir Mansoor , Mamcarz Piotr , Wołońciej Mariusz 
Published: May 2024

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the mediating role of job embeddedness and the moderating role of organizational identification on the relationships between boundaryless career attitude and extra-role behaviours (i.e. organizational citizenship behaviours and counterproductive work behaviours).Design/methodology/approachA two-wave study was carried out on 296 employees from public and private organizations in Italy. Boundaryless career attitude, organizational identification and demographics were measured at Time 1. Four months later (Time 2), job embeddedness, organizational citizenship behaviours and counterproductive work behaviours were assessed. Responses were analysed by means of multigroup structural equation modelling.FindingsJob embeddedness mediated the positive relationship between boundaryless career attitude and counterproductive work behaviours, as well as its negative association with organizational citizenship behaviours; organizational identification buffered this latter indirect effect.Practical implicationsOrganizations can promote stronger organizational identification and job embeddedness to retain boundaryless-oriented talent and foster positive extra-role behaviours.Originality/valueThis study integrated the protean/boundaryless careers literature with organizational behaviour theories to examine contextual factors influencing the effects of these contemporary career attitudes.
Factors affecting succession planning in Sub-Saharan African family-owned businesses: a scoping review
Authors: Owusu-Acheampong Eugene , Arkaifie Samuel Jabez , Afriyie Emelia Ohene , Azu Theodora Dedo 
Published: May 2024

PurposeThis scoping review investigates the factors influencing succession planning in Sub-Saharan African family-owned businesses.Design/methodology/approachEmploying the Arksey and O’Malley (2005) framework, a systematic approach was followed. Major databases (JSTOR, Sage Journals, Scopus and Web of Science) were searched and supplemented by reference list reviews. Inclusivity was ensured through collaboration with an academic librarian. Inclusion criteria covered literature from 2010 to 2023, focussing on Sub-Saharan African studies related to family-owned business succession planning.FindingsThe study emphasises the need for gender inclusiveness, resource management and family dynamics in family-owned business succession planning in Sub-Saharan Africa. The study also aligns with the sustainable development goals (SDGs), emphasiing gender inclusivity and environmental responsibility. However, the unique context of Sub-Saharan Africa introduces additional complexities, necessitating tailored strategies for business sustainability.Practical implicationsThe study emphasises the importance of skill development, leadership development, open governance and open family relationships in succession planning in Sub-Saharan African family-owned firms. It suggests policies supporting education, mentorship, knowledge-sharing networks, strategic resource management, financial management, human capital development and sustainable business practices to address succession concerns and contribute to societal advancement.Originality/valueThe distinct socio-economic, cultural and political backdrop of Sub-Saharan Africa is highlighted in this study, with a focus on the necessity of customised succession planning frameworks because of post-colonial governance systems, tribal affiliations and colonial legacies.
Motivations fluidity: the effect of cultural factors on the formation of grocery shopping motivations
Authors: Bakhshi Milad , Heidarzadeh Hanzaee Kambiz , Amirshahi Mirahmad 
Published: May 2024

Purpose
Shopping motivations are considered the primary stimuli for shoppers in the prepurchase stage of the customer journey. This study contributes to the understanding of how cultural factors affect shopping motivation. This study aims to understand the effect of cultural factors on shopping motivations in Eastern culture with Islam religion.

Design/methodology/approach
This study is based on the approach of phenomenology, and multiple methods were performed to interpret the phenomenon of shopping motivations. To this aim, 16 observations and 18 in-depth interviews were performed for data collection, and after that, data interpretation was done.

Findings
In this study, the motivations fall into product-related and hedonic motivations which are related to shopper psychology, while environmental motivations are culturally dependent. The influence of cultural factors on the individual concept of shopping motivations was identified in this study. Nine subthemes including product selection, product quality, functional, in-store service, convenience, store environment, value shopping, self-gratifications and role-playing were identified in the categories of product-related, environmental and hedonic motivations.

Practical implications
In non-Western countries, the store environment profoundly influences shoppers’ experience. This study clearly illustrates relationships between theory and practice in grocery shopping motivations in a non-Western context. Retailers who are active in eastern Islamic countries should pay attention to the fact that cultural and contextual factors play a significant impact on the shopping motivation and behavior of these shoppers.

Originality/value
In this study, shopping motivations are not fixed in different societies, and cultural and contextual factors play a significant impact in this regard. In other words, shopping motivations are fluid, and cultural factors play a significant role in their formation. This study makes two important contributions: First, cultural motivations are prominent among Muslim shoppers. Among these motivations, shopping environment motivations, including relationships with others and cleanliness, and staff behavior are very significant. These motivations are highly influenced by the culture of the context and we discover which motivations are not related to psychology alone and that the context has a significant influence on their formation. Second, hedonic motivations are also highlighted in the purchase of utilitarian products. In addition to direct effects, such as Islamic regulations on halal foods, Muslims’ religious tenets also have significant indirect effects on their behaviors and motivations.
Tensions rooted in the dual commitment of social enterprises operating in a less developed region of Hungary
Authors: Tóth Janka , Repisky Máté , Málovics György 
Published: May 2024

Purpose
The aim of this paper is twofold. The main objective is to contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the tensions that characterize social enterprises because of their dual (economic and social) commitments in a Hungarian context.

Design/methodology/approach
The research was exploratory, as no structured inquiry has been carried out in a Hungarian context concerning the sources of tension social enterprises encounter because of their dual commitments. Therefore, a qualitative approach was chosen to achieve the exploratory goal. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were carried out with one expert and nine social entrepreneurs to map and understand these tensions in a Hungarian context.

Findings
The research provides a comprehensive three-level model of tensions in which concrete (observable) tensions are grouped into 4 main groups of tensions and 15 subgroups.

Originality/value
This study is original in two ways. First, besides the numerous tensions other researchers have already observed, this study revealed some that have not been empirically observed. Second, being the first research on tensions in a Hungarian context, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, the results increase understanding of social entrepreneurship in a Hungarian context based on the lived experiences of Hungarian social entrepreneurs.
REWILDING BANGKOK: Critical Zones and the Cosmoecology of Parks and Protests
Authors: Jensen Casper Bruun , Sangkhamanee Jakkrit 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBangkok is a tropical metropolis subject to many human and nonhuman transformations. While Covid‐19 raged, the city's mix of precarity and oppression gave rise to a youth protest movement that opposed the junta government and sought to intervene in Thai politics‐as‐usual. At the same time, a rewilding experiment aimed at undoing environmental damage quietly was unfolding in Benjakitti Urban Forest Park. We draw on science and technology studies (STS), anthropology and urban theory to elicit the events of both park and protests as ongoing experiments in rewilding Bangkok on more‐than‐human terrain. Both involve overlapping critical zones, where encounters between many beings and practices of worlding shape an uncommons and create problems of coexistence. Such problems call for cosmoecological diplomacy, understood as the art of giving collective shape to a more‐than‐human cosmos yet to arrive.
Exploring normative frameworks of fairness through (relational) institutional habitus in Oxford's undergraduate admissions process
Authors: Penn Ed 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn the UK's stratified HE system the question of who is able to access the most selective and prestigious universities is fraught with issues of fairness. This paper explores how decision‐makers in Oxford's undergraduate admissions process construct norms of fairness and how such norms inform their reflexive considerations and actions around admissions decisions. Framing such norms as multiple institutional habituses, the paper considers how decision‐makers compromise and negotiate between institutional habituses in tension. Further, it presents an augmented conception of institutional habitus – the relational institutional habitus – which offers a conceptual tool to make sense of the existence of multiple contested institutional norms and their partial and fragile reconciliation in institutional action.
Dyslexia concealment in higher education: Exploring students' disclosure decisions in the face of UK universities' approach to dyslexia
Authors: Hamilton Clark Charlotte H. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper explores the lived experience of university students with dyslexia, focusing on identity and self‐esteem. The qualitative study used semi‐structured interviews with five students with dyslexia and discussions with learning support tutors at four UK universities. Thematic analysis of the interview data revealed the impact of dyslexia's stigma on students' academic self‐concept and self‐efficacy in their studies, including how students manage stigma through decisions on when and with whom to declare dyslexia: some even rejected study support. Concealing dyslexia led to identity conflict and low self‐esteem, compounding students' already low academic self‐concept, particularly when dyslexia had been unrecognised through school. The study highlights significant academic, practical and identity consequences for students who hide dyslexia from their peers, subject lecturers or study support. The conclusions outline priorities to lessen dyslexia's stigma at university, increase student agency in their support and open dialogue on dyslexia, particularly important between students with dyslexia and subject lecturers. By exploring dyslexia's identity impacts and disclosure, this paper contributes to wider conversations on increasing the representation, achievement and retention of students with dyslexia.
Age‐related dysregulation of the retinal transcriptome in African turquoise killifish
Authors: Bergmans Steven , Noel Nicole C. L. , Masin Luca , Harding Ellen G. , Krzywańska Aleksandra M. , De Schutter Julie D. , Ayana Rajagopal , Hu Chi‐Kuo , Arckens Lut , Ruzycki Philip A. , MacDonald Ryan B. , Clark Brian S. , Moons Lieve 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAge‐related vision loss caused by retinal neurodegenerative pathologies is becoming more prevalent in our ageing society. To understand the physiological and molecular impact of ageing on retinal homeostasis, we used the short‐lived African turquoise killifish, a model known to naturally develop central nervous system (CNS) ageing hallmarks and vision loss. Bulk and single‐cell RNA‐sequencing (scRNAseq) of three age groups (6‐, 12‐, and 18‐week‐old) identified transcriptional ageing fingerprints in the killifish retina, unveiling pathways also identified in the aged brain, including oxidative stress, gliosis, and inflammageing. These findings were comparable to observations in the ageing mouse retina. Additionally, transcriptional changes in genes related to retinal diseases, such as glaucoma and age‐related macular degeneration, were observed. The cellular heterogeneity in the killifish retina was characterized, confirming the presence of all typical vertebrate retinal cell types. Data integration from age‐matched samples between the bulk and scRNAseq experiments revealed a loss of cellular specificity in gene expression upon ageing, suggesting potential disruption in transcriptional homeostasis. Differential expression analysis within the identified cell types highlighted the role of glial/immune cells as important stress regulators during ageing. Our work emphasizes the value of the fast‐ageing killifish in elucidating molecular signatures in age‐associated retinal disease and vision decline. This study contributes to the understanding of how age‐related changes in molecular pathways may impact CNS health, providing insights that may inform future therapeutic strategies for age‐related pathologies.