bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of a Two‐hour Training on Physicians' Skill in Interpreting Pneumoconiotic Chest Radiographs
Authors: Ngatu Nlandu Roger , Suzuki Shun , Kusaka Yukinori , Shida Hisao , Akira Masanori , Suganuma Narufumi 
Published: August 2010

Effect of a Two‐hour Training on Physicians' Skill in Interpreting Pneumoconiotic Chest Radiographs: Nlandu Roger Ngatu, et al. Department of Environmental Medicine, Kochi Medical School, Kochi UniversityObjectiveOccupational lung diseases have specific radiographic manifestations not always well known by physicians. In Japan, asbestos‐related diseases became a public health concern after the “Kubota Shock”, when a number of workers and residents living nearby a manufacturer of asbestos‐made ducts developed mesothelioma caused by asbestos exposure. This preliminary intervention trial evaluated the effect of two‐hour training on inexperienced physicians' skill in interpreting pneumoconiotic chest radiographs.MethodsOne hundred‐two Japanese physicians participated in two reading‐tests, using 12 radiographs, before and after the two‐hour training with ILO/ICRP and Japan Pneumoconioses Study Group (JPSG) reading materials. Physicians had to check for the presence or absence of small opacity and pleural plaque consistent with pneumoconiosis. Sensitivity and specificity equal or greater than 70% were considered good, 50 to 69% acceptable and less than 50%, poor.ResultsPost‐training improvements in physicians' skills were seen. For small opacity, there was an increase in the proportion of physicians with good specificity, from 42% to 60%. For pleural plaque, the proportion of physicians with good specificity and good sensitivity increased, from 60% to 67% and from 18% to 25%, respectively. Also, significant improvements were observed in overall sensitivity for pleural plaque, from 46% to 60% (p<0.0001), and specificity for small opacity, from 65% to 73% (p<0.0001).ConclusionsThis study showed that two‐hour participatory training may enhance physicians' skill in interpreting pneumoconiotic chest radiographs. There are countries without any pneumoconiosis screening program despite the WHO/ILO call for worldwide cooperation in eliminating it. Although the two‐hour course cannot replace the five‐day ILO workshop, such a program would be useful in areas with environmental or occupational exposure to dust.
Outcomes Before and After Total Knee Arthroplasty Compared to Healthy Adults
Authors: Bade Michael J. , Kohrt Wendy M. , Stevens-Lapsley Jennifer E. 
Published: August 2010

Study Design Prospective cohort study. Objectives To measure changes in muscle strength, range of motion, and function from 2 weeks before to 6 months after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and compare outcomes with data from a control group consisting of healthy adults. Background Total knee arthroplasty successfully alleviates pain from knee osteoarthritis, but deficits in function can persist long term. How impairments and functional limitations change over the first 6 months after TKA, compared to data from healthy adults, has not been well reported in the literature. Methods Twenty-four patients who underwent a primary unilateral TKA were compared to healthy adults (n = 17). All patients participated in a standardized rehabilitation program following surgery. Isometric quadriceps torque was assessed using an electromechanical dynamometer. Range of motion was measured actively and passively. Functional performance was assessed using the stair-climbing test, timed up-and-go test, 6-minute walk test, and single-limb stance time. Patients underwent testing at 2 weeks preoperatively and at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. Results Compared to healthy older adults, patients performed significantly worse at all times for all measures (P<.05), except for single-limb stance time at 6 months (P>.05). One month postoperatively, patients experienced significant losses from preoperative levels in all outcomes. Patients recovered to preoperative levels by 6 months postoperatively on all measures, except knee flexion range of motion, but still exhibited the same extent of limitation they did prior to surgery. Conclusion The persistent impairments and functional limitations 6 months after TKA with standard rehabilitation suggest that more intensive therapeutic approaches may be necessary to restore function of patients following TKA to the levels of healthy adults. Level of Evidence Therapy, level 2b. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2010;40(9):559–567. doi:10.2519/jospt.2010.3317
Credit Default Risk Measurement and Statistical Analysis Based on Improved GRU Model
Authors: Yi Zhifei 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTWith the increasing complexity of financial markets, credit defaults may not only affect the cash flow of enterprises, but also pose a threat to the stability of financial markets. Therefore, the management of credit default risk has become particularly important. This study constructs a new credit default risk assessment model by improving the gated recurrent unit algorithm and introducing Focal Loss function and fuzzy clustering algorithm. The new model can effectively capture market dynamics and nonlinear features, lessen the weight of easily classified samples, and accurately identify and eliminate redundant data through Pearson correlation analysis, thereby improving the precise measurement of default risk. The research findings indicate that the new model performs well in credit default risk assessment, with an accuracy rate of 96.53%, precision of 0.96, recall rate of 0.97, F1 value of 0.97, and all indicators reaching over 96%, significantly better than traditional Logistic and Copula models. In terms of the total time required for feature extraction, model training, and testing, the new model only takes 59 ms, which is 57 ms faster than the conventional Logistic algorithm, demonstrating the potential application of the new model in real‐time risk monitoring. From this, the new model can not only accurately assess the default risk of credit, but also quickly complete statistical analysis. The new model can help financial institutions and enterprises reduce the proportion of non‐performing assets, improve asset returns, protect the interests of investors, and provide a new analytical tool for real‐time risk monitoring in the financial market.
Deep Aggregation seq2seq Network With Time Feature Fusion for Air Pollutant Concentration Prediction in Smart Cities
Authors: Liu Yunzhu 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAir pollution poses significant risks to environmental quality and public health. Precise forecasting of air pollutant concentrations is crucial for safeguarding public health. The emission and diffusion of air pollutants is a dynamic process that changes over time and has significant seasonal characteristics. By leveraging time attributes such as month, day of the month, and hour, the precision and dependability of forecasting models can be enhanced. Therefore, this paper proposes a deep aggregation seq2seq network with time feature fusion for air pollutant concentration prediction. This network first effectively integrates temporal feature encoding with historical air pollutant concentration data through a cross attention network, and then excavates hidden features through deep aggregation seq2seq network. The encoder part of the network can extract the temporal correlation of fusion features, while the decoder part can generate them through recursive aggregation. The future prediction values fully utilize the local features and overall recursion of historical information, improving the accuracy of prediction. In this study, we conduct simulations on the actual datasets of PM2.5 and SO2, two air pollutants, in Beijing's Changping and Shunyi. The findings reveal that our model reduces the Mean Absolute Error by 5% to 10% compared to existing state‐of‐the‐art models.
Feasibility of Cricothyroid Muscle Needle Electrode for Monitored Thyroidectomy
Authors: Lau Wen Liang Joel , Wu Che‐Wei , Tang Man Hon , Oh Han Boon , Cheah Wei Keat , Oh Moon Young , Chai Young Jun 
Published: February 2025

ObjectivesPreservation of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) and external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve (EBSLN) is essential to maintain voice function after thyroidectomy. Intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) assists in nerve preservation. This study compares three IONM modalities, endotracheal surface electrode (ETSE), thyroid cartilage needle electrodes (TCNE), and cricothyroid muscle needle electrode (CTNE), in their monitoring of laryngeal muscle electromyographic (EMG) amplitude.MethodsAn observational prospective cohort study included 29 patients (21F:8M) undergoing thyroidectomy for Bethesda III–VI nodules or benign nodules >4 cm. EMG amplitudes were recorded via ETSE, TCNE, and CTNE following stimulation of the EBSLN, RLN, and vagus nerve (VN).ResultsA total of 105 nerves at risk were assessed, including 35 EBSLNs, 35 VNs, and 35 RLNs. The recorded amplitudes at S1 for the ETSE, TCNE, and CTNE were 45.6 ± 60.7 μV, 403.7 ± 865.4 μV, and 3049.4 ± 2749.8 μV. The CTNE demonstrate significantly higher S1 amplitudes and positive signal rates compared with both the TCNE and ETSE (p < 0.001). For V1, the recorded amplitudes for the ETSE, TCNE, and CTNE were 453.7 ± 406.7 μV, 1363.9 ± 1063.6 μV, and 700 ± 375.1 μV. For R1, the recorded amplitudes for the ETSE, TCNE, and CTNE were 567.1 ± 556 μV, 1544.6 ± 1269.6 μV, and 720.4 ± 363.1 μV. With a threshold of 100 μV to determine positive signal, CTNE detected all EBSLN, VN, and RLN signals, whereas TC missed 13 cases (37.1%) of EBSLN.ConclusionThe CTNE showed a higher positive signal rate than ETSE and TCNE in detection of EBSLN, whereas it showed similar performance with TCNE in detection of VN and RLN. CTNE is a viable option for IONM during thyroidectomy.Level of Evidence2 Laryngoscope, 2025
A Poromechanical Framework for Internal Interactions Induced by Solid Inclusions
Authors: Yang Yifan , Buscarnera Giuseppe 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe framework of poromechanics is generalized to simulate the multiscale behavior of porous media subjected to internal loadings stemming from the growth of solid inclusions. This generalization is designed to enable the study of anisotropic internal stress generation from solid growth within the pores, while recovering isotropic fluid‐induced loading as a particular case. For this purpose, a mathematical strategy to define constitutive tensors in a thermodynamically consistent form is proposed, thus offering new opportunities for determining the poromechanical properties of a porous solid through advanced experimentation or micromechanical models. The framework is specialized by means of established elastic solutions for single pore–matrix interaction, as well as through homogenization schemes considering the interaction among congruent pores. In particular, the second Eshelby solution and the Tanaka–Mori–Benveniste homogenization scheme are used to derive a microporoelastic model. At an elemental scale, the model is tested under mixed control conditions by replicating different scenarios of geomaterial testing. In addition, the model characteristics are outlined with reference to inelastic microscopic loadings replicating chemo‐mechanical forcing, such as expansive crystal formation. Through a series of parametric analyses, it is shown that the microstructure of the pores significantly influences the properties of porous media. Most notably, it is shown that the effects of a solid forming within the pores depend in a highly nonlinear fashion on the constitutive characteristics of the inhomogeneities and can therefore not be readily quantified or predicted without models capturing the diverse multiscale interactions among pores, inhomogeneities, and matrix.
Extracorporeal photopheresis induces the release of anti-inflammatory fatty acids and oxylipins and suppresses pro-inflammatory sphingosine-1-phosphate
Authors: Hagn Gerhard , Cho Ara , Zila Nina , Sterniczky Barbara , Jantschitsch Christian , Dong Dexin , Bileck Andrea , Koren Mariia , Paulitschke Philipp , Mohr Thomas , Knobler Robert , Weninger Wolfgang Peter , Gerner Christopher , Paulitschke Verena 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Aims
Extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) is a UVA-based phototherapy of whole blood and well established as a first line or combination therapy for the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, systemic sclerosis, graft-versus-host disease and is used to control organ transplant rejection. While the proapoptotic activity on activated T-cells is evident, the clinical efficacy of this treatment also appears to be based on other yet unknown mechanisms. In this study, we aimed to identify novel mechanisms of ECP regardless of the patient’s background situation.

Main methods
To better understand the immediate consequences of ECP, we analyzed blood plasma of patients with different ECP indications immediately before and after treatment with regard to proteins and lipid mediators.

Key findings
While proteome profiling identified substantial inter-individual differences in the protein composition, no significant alteration was detectable upon treatment. In contrast, several fatty acids and lipid mediators were found to be significantly altered by ECP. Remarkably, upregulated lipid mediators including polyunsaturated fatty acids, 12-HEPE and 13-OxoODE have been described to be anti-inflammatory, while the downregulated molecules sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and stearic acid are potent pro-inflammatory mediators. A selective sphingosine-1-phosphate-1 receptor (S1P1) modulator AUY954, which decreases S1P1 and experimentally reduces transplant rejection in vivo, showed greater anti-proliferative activity in human lung fibroblasts from COPD patients compared to normal lung fibroblasts, confirming that this pathway may be important in ECP and its mode of action.

Significance and outlook
In conclusion, we suggest that the ECP-induced changes in lipid mediators may contribute to the remarkable anti-inflammatory effects of the treatment. Depending on their lipid status, patients may benefit from novel treatment regimens combining ECP with lipid modulators. This could be used for the prevention of transplant organ rejection, the treatment of acute or chronic GvHD or transplant organ rejection and the long-term treatment of various skin diseases. This study uncovers novel mechanisms of ECP, that can be used to establish clinically relevant lipid profiles of patients to support patient stratification, predictive or prognostic purposes and thus personalized medical care in the framework of PPPM practice. A combination with S1P modulators may therefore have beneficial effects.
The Establishment of a Terrestrial Macroalga Canopy Impacts Microbial Soil Communities in Antarctica
Authors: Márquez-Sanz Rodrigo , Garrido-Benavent Isaac , Durán Jorge , de los Ríos Asunción 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Prasiola is a genus of foliose green algae that forms extensive cryptogamic canopies that contribute to the greening of ice-free areas in the Antarctic tundra. To better understand the impact of Prasiola canopy establishment on colonization in these areas, this study compared the taxonomic and functional structures of bacterial and fungal communities in adjacent soils with and without extensive Prasiola colonization. DNA metabarcoding was employed to analyze the microbial community structure in these soils and in the canopy. Additionally, a phylogenetic study of Prasiola samples was conducted to characterize the taxonomic composition of the analyzed canopies, revealing the presence of Prasiola crispa (Lightfoot) Kützing and P. antarctica Kützing. Key soil attributes were assessed to examine the canopy’s influence. Higher pH and carbon, nitrogen, and organic matter contents were found in Prasiola-covered soils than in bare soils. Furthermore, Prasiola canopy establishment not only influenced abiotic soil properties but also shaped soil microbial community structure and its functions. For instance, while Actinobacteriota predominated in bacterial communities both within the Prasiola canopy and beneath it, Bacteroidota dominated in the bare soil. Despite significant variability across soil types, fungal communities showed a trend of higher abundances in certain Ascomycetes, such as Helotiales, Hypocreales, or Xylariales, in soils beneath Prasiola compared to bare soils. Regarding functional diversity, covered soils exhibited a statistically significant lower potential for bacterial methanogenesis and autotrophic CO2 fixation compared to bare soils. Finally, lichenized fungi, plant pathogens, and fungal wood saprotrophs tended to be more abundant in covered soils.
Global research trends on fibromyalgia and exercise: a ten-year Web of Science-based bibliometric analysis
Authors: Sumbul Hilmi Erdem , Okyay Ramazan Azim , Bekaryssova Dana , Kocyigit Burhan Fatih 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Fibromyalgia causes widespread pain, exhaustion, and cognitive deficits, lowering sufferers’ quality of life. Exercise supports the management of fibromyalgia by reducing pain and improving mood. This study examines global fibromyalgia and exercise research trends using bibliometric analysis to identify major contributors, citation patterns, and prospective research areas. Data were obtained from the Web of Science (WoS) database utilizing the keywords “fibromyalgia exercise” for publications from 2014 to 2023. The inclusion criteria prioritized original articles and reviews published in the English language. Bibliometric characteristics were examined, including publication year, country, journal, and citation metrics. Statistics adjusted for population and gross domestic product (GDP) were computed to evaluate research productivity in relation to economic and demographic variables. A total of 497 publications satisfied the inclusion criteria. A significant increase trend in publication counts was noted (p = 0.003), with Spain (25.75%), the United States (15.09%), Brazil (13.88%), Türkiye (7.24%), and Sweden (5.23%) identified as the major contributors. Publications were produced by 37 countries, 19 of which were the main active countries. Spain displayed remarkable productivity, ranking first in population- and GDP-adjusted contributions. Based on publication type, 388 (78.06%) were original articles, and the rest were reviews. The median number of original article and review citations were 11 (min = 0; max = 289) and 14 (min = 0; max = 1092). Review citations outnumbered original articles (p = 0.013). The median number of citations for SCIE and/or SSCI and ESCI articles were 12 (min = 0; max = 1092) and 3 (min = 0; max = 92). SCIE and/or SSCI articles were significantly more cited than ESCI ones (p < 0.001). INT J ENV RES PUB HE (n = 18), RHEUMATOL INT (n = 17), ARCH PHYS MED REHAB (n = 15), J CLIN MED (n = 14) and DISABIL REHABIL (n = 13) were the top five journals in terms of article count. This bibliometric analysis evaluates and summarizes global scholarly output on fibromyalgia and exercise, underscoring the increasing research interest in the two. High-income countries, notably Spain, the United States, and Sweden, significantly contributed to the area, underscoring differences in research capacities.
Flupyradifurone, imidacloprid and clothianidin disrupt the auditory processing in the locust CNS
Authors: Christian Marcelo , Kraft Michelle , Wilknitz Paul , Nowotny Manuela , Schöneich Stefan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Since the EU banned classic neonicotinoids like imidacloprid and clothianidin, they may be replaced by more recently marketed insecticides such as flupyradifurone. However, they all operate on the same neuropharmacological principle as selective agonists at the insect’s nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Here we investigated the impact of flupyradifurone, imidacloprid and clothianidin on the neuronal processing in the auditory pathway of the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria. While stepwise increasing the insecticide concentration in the haemolymph, we extracellularly recorded the spike responses of auditory afferents in the tympanal nerve and of auditory interneurons in the neck connectives. All three insecticides showed a very similar dose-dependent suppression of spike responses in the auditory interneurons ascending towards the brain, whereas the spike responses in the sensory neurons of the ears appeared unaffected. Furthermore, by systematic injection experiments we demonstrate that insecticide dosages which already supress the information transfer in the auditory pathway are by far too low to induce the typical poisoning symptoms like trembling, spasms, and paralysis. We discuss how sublethal intoxication with classical neonicotinoids or functionally related insecticides like flupyradifurone may disrupt the postsynaptic balance between excitation and inhibition in the auditory pathway of locusts and other orthopteran insects.
Optimizing Ulva-Phaeobacter co-culture: A two-phase light intensity approach for integrated multi-trophic aquaculture applications
Authors: Del Olmo Gonzalo , Ruiz Patricia , Nappi Jadranka , Thomas Torsten , Egan Suhelen , Cremades Javier , Pintado José 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Incorporating macroalgae like Ulva species into integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) enhances sustainability by filtering effluents and provide epiphytic bacteria, that can contribute to disease prevention. Colonizing Ulva ohnoi with Phaeobacter sp. 4UAC3 is promising for disease control in IMTA systems, but high light intensity impacts Phaeobacter’s persistence on Ulva. This study investigated the effect of different light intensities and regimes on the ability of Phaeobacter sp. 4UAC3·to colonize U. ohnoi. Experiments assessed algal growth, water physicochemistry, and microbial profiles using culture techniques and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Light intensities of 143, 75, 45, and 0 μmol photons m−2 s−1 were tested on U. ohnoi and non-living surfaces inoculated with Phaeobacter sp. 4UAC3. Results showed that Phaeobacter sp. 4UAC3 colonization on U. ohnoi decreased in the light but remained stable in the dark. On non-living surfaces, Phaeobacter persisted regardless of light intensity, suggesting light does not directly affect the bacterium. However, light had an impact on microbial community structure on U. ohnoi, with genera including Glaciecola, Maribacter and Roseobacter significantly enriched under higher light conditions. This suggests the disappearance of Phaeobacter sp. 4UAC3 is in part a result of competition with specific bacteria. Additionally, the chemical microenvironment of the algae influenced by light could be important in Phaeobacter disappearance, although further research is required. Finally, optimal co-culture involved alternating dark and low-light (45 μmol photons·m−2 s−1) phases, enhancing Phaeobacter sp. 4UAC3 maintenance and optimal algal growth. This knowledge will optimize a fish-algae IMTA-RAS using Ulva colonized with Phaeobacter.