bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Left gastric artery embolization for recurrent massive intraluminal postoperative bleeding after revisional laparoscopic one anastomosis gastric bypass surgery
Authors: Kukeev Ivan , Quint Elchanan , Sebbag Gilbert , Dukhno Oleg 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Laparoscopic one-anastomosis gastric bypass (LOAGB) has gained popularity as safe weight-reduction procedure. Bleeding is the common postoperative complication. We present a successful treatment of recurrent bleeding after LOAGB by embolization of the left gastric artery (LGA) and later development of necrotizing pancreatitis. A 41-year-old patient with previous bariatric surgeries undergone LOAGB surgery with development of massive intraluminal bleeding in the postoperative period. Attempts of unsuccessful endoscopic treatment were done and the bleeding was stopped by LGA embolization. In the post-embolization period, the patients developed necrotizing pancreatitis. Postoperative bleeding is the serious complications of the bariatric LOAGB procedure. Transcatheter Arterial Embolization (TAE) is the possible treatments after unsuccessful endoscopic attempts to stop the bleeding. The technical and clinical success rates of TAE in post-gastrectomy bleeding are 100 and 79%, respectively. TAE can be successfully used to stop obstinate recurrent postoperative bleeding after a LOAGB procedure.
Peritoneal inclusion cyst presenting as an umbilical hernia: case report and systematic review of the literature
Authors: Nightingale Katie , Clough Emily , Goldsmith Paul , Burke Joshua Richard 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Peritoneal inclusion cysts (PICs) are a rare and benign condition of uncertain pathogenesis. The fluid-filled, mesothelial-lined cysts manifest within the abdominopelvic cavity. This case report details an unusual occurrence of a 97 mm PIC- presenting as an umbilical hernia- in a 26-year-old male patient with no prior surgical history. Following pre-operative cross-sectional imaging, this was managed through open excision without complication. A systematic review of the literature highlighted 30 previous cases [26F, 4M] with a mean age of 34 years (std ±15.4) and a median diameter of 93 mm [IQR, 109 mm]. A total of 53% (n = 16) of cases had a history of previous abdominal surgery. Surgical excision is safe and laparoscopic modality should be considered (&lt;1% recurrence). Accepting the limited evidence base, image guided drainage should be avoided (50% recurrence, n = 2).
Intrarenal neurofibroma: unveiling a diagnostic challenge—a case report and literature review
Authors: Mustafa Mahmoud , Barqawi Abdelkarim , Aghbar Amir , Alami Ibraheem , Ras Honood Abu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A 53-year-old male patient presented with an incidental finding of a left kidney mass after being evaluated for elevated serum creatinine without having any symptoms. The left kidney mass was confirmed by ultrasound, computed tomography ‘CT’ scan and magnetic resonance imaging ‘MRI’. A left radical nephrectomy was done, and histopathology confirmed the presence of intrarenal neurofibroma with no evidence of malignancy.
Exploring natural genetic variation in photosynthesis-related traits of barley in the field
Authors: Gao Yanrong , Stein Merle , Oshana Lilian , Zhao Wenxia , Matsubara Shizue , Stich Benjamin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Optimizing photosynthesis is considered an important strategy for improving crop yields to ensure food security. To evaluate the potential of using photosynthesis-related parameters in crop breeding programs, we measured chlorophyll fluorescence along with growth-related and morphological traits of 23 barley inbred lines across different developmental stages in field conditions. The photosynthesis-related parameters were highly variable, changing with light intensity and developmental progression of plants. Yet, the variation in photosystem II quantum yield observed among the inbred lines in the field largely reflected the variation in CO2 assimilation properties in controlled climate chamber conditions, confirming that the chlorophyll fluorescence-based technique can provide proxy parameters of photosynthesis to explore genetic variation under field conditions. Heritability (H2) of the photosynthesis-related parameters in the field ranged from 0.16 for the quantum yield of non-photochemical quenching to 0.78 for the fraction of open photosystem II center. Two parameters, the maximum photosystem II efficiency in the light-adapted state (H2=0.58) and the total non-photochemical quenching (H2=0.53), showed significant positive and negative correlations, respectively, with yield-related traits (dry weight per plant and net straw weight) in the barley inbred lines. These results indicate the possibility of improving crop yield through optimizing photosynthetic light use efficiency by conventional breeding programs.
Evaluating the Quality of Serial EM Sections with Deep Learning
Authors: Bank Tavakoli Mahsa , Morgan Josh L 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Automated image acquisition can significantly improve the throughput of serial section scanning electron microscopy (ssSEM). However, image quality can vary from image to image depending on autofocusing and beam stigmation. Automatically evaluating the quality of images is, therefore, important for efficiently generating high-quality serial section scanning electron microscopy (ssSEM) datasets. We tested several convolutional neural networks for their ability to reproduce user-generated evaluations of ssSEM image quality. We found that a modification of ResNet-50 that we term quality evaluation Network (QEN) reliably predicts user-generated quality scores. Running QEN in parallel to ssSEM image acquisition therefore allows users to quickly identify imaging problems and flag images for retaking. We have publicly shared the Python code for evaluating images with QEN, the code for training QEN, and the training dataset.
The most common habitable planets III – modelling temperature forcing and surface conditions on rocky exoplanets and exomoons
Authors: B Siffert Beatriz , G Gonçalves Farias Raquel , Garcia Matias , Melo de Menezes Luiz Felipe , Porto de Mello Gustavo F , Borges Fernandes Marcelo , Pinotti Rafael 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
Small rocky planets, as well as larger planets that suffered extensive volatile loss, tend to be drier and have thinner atmospheres as compared to Earth. Such planets probably outnumber worlds better endowed with volatiles, being the most common habitable planets. For the subgroup of fast rotators following eccentric orbits, atmospheres suffer radiative forcing and their heat capacity provides a method for gauging atmospheric thickness and surface conditions. We further explore the model presented in a previous paper and apply it to real and hypothetical exoplanets in the habitable zone of various classes of stars, simulating atmospheric and orbital characteristics. For planetary eccentricities e ∼ 0.3, the forcing-induced hypothetical temperature variation would reach ∼80 K for airless planets and ∼10 K for planets with substantial atmospheres. For Kepler-186 f and Kepler-442 b, assuming e ∼ 0.1, temperature variations can reach ∼24 K. We also consider habitable exomoons in circular orbits around gas giants within the habitable zone, which suffer radiative forcing due to their epicyclic motion. We study several combinations of parameters for the characterization of planets (mass, eccentricity, and semimajor axis) and exomoons (mass, orbital radius, albedo, and atmospheric characteristics) for different stellar types. For e ∼ 0.3, exomoon temperature varies up to ∼90 K, while for ∼0.6 variations can reach ∼200 K. Such exomoons may plausibly retain their volatiles by continued volcanic activity fuelled by tidal dissipation. Although currently undetectable, such effects might be within reach of future Extremely Large Telescope-class telescopes and space missions with mid-infrared and coronagraphic capabilities.
Energy dependence of quasi-periodic oscillations in accreting X-ray pulsars
Authors: Manikantan Hemanth , Paul Biswajit , Sharma Rahul , Pradhan Pragati , Rana Vikram 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
We present the results from an investigation of the energy dependence of quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) exhibited by accreting X-ray pulsars using data from archival XMM-Newton, NuSTAR, RXTE, and NICER observations. In a search for the presence of QPOs in 99 XMM-Newton and NuSTAR observations, we detected QPOs in eleven observations of five sources, viz., 4U 1626–67 (48 mHz), IGR J19294+1816 (30 mHz), V 0332+53 (2, 18, and 40 mHz), Cen X–3 (30 mHz), and XTE J1858+034 (180 mHz). A positive correlation of the QPO rms amplitude with energy is exhibited by 4U 1626–67, IGR J19294+1816, Cen X–3 and XTE J1858+034, while no energy dependence is observed in V 0332+53. We also analysed the energy spectrum to decouple thermal (soft-excess) from non-thermal emission and determine if the soft-excess has different QPO properties. We found no evidence for different QPO characteristics of the soft excess. The NuSTAR observations of V 0332+53 during the Type-I outburst in 2016 show the presence of twin QPOs at 2.5 and 18 mHz, while the XMM-Newton and NuSTAR observations during the Type-II outburst in 2015 show a QPO at 40 mHz. We review the observed QPO properties in the context of QPOs found in other types of accreting sources and the models usually used to explain the QPOs in accreting X-ray pulsars.
Polarization perspectives on Hercules X-1: further constraining the geometry
Authors: Zhao Q C , Li H C , Tao L , Feng H , Zhang S N , Walter R , Ge M Y , Tong H , Ji L , Zhang L , Qu J L , Huang Y , Ma X , Zhang S , Yin Q Q , Yin H X , Ma R C , Zhao S J , Li P P , Yang Z X , Liu H X , Yu W , Huang Y M , Li Z X , Li Y J , Xiao J Y , Zhao K 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
We conduct a comprehensive analysis of the accreting X-ray pulsar, Hercules X-1, utilizing data from Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) and Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array. IXPE performed five observations of Her X-1, consisting of three in the Main-on state and two in the Short-on state. Our time-resolved analysis uncovers the linear correlations between the flux and polarization degree as well as the pulse fraction and polarization degree. Geometry parameters are rigorously constrained by fitting the phase-resolved modulations of Cyclotron Resonance Scattering Feature and polarization angle with a simple dipole model and Rotating Vector Model, respectively, yielding roughly consistent results. The changes of χp (the position angle of the pulsar’s spin axis on the plane of the sky) between different Main-on observations suggest the possible forced precession of the neutron star crust. Furthermore, a linear association between the energy of Cyclotron Resonance Scattering Feature and polarization angle implies the prevalence of a dominant dipole magnetic field, and their phase-resolved modulations likely arise from viewing angle effects.
Mass segregation and velocity dispersion as evidence for a dark star cluster
Authors: Wu Wenjie , Kroupa Pavel , Pflamm-Altenburg Jan 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
A dark star cluster (DSC) is a system in which the cluster potential is dominated by stellar remnants, such as black holes and neutron stars having larger masses than the long-lived low-mass stars. Due to mass segregation, these remnants are located in the central region of the cluster and form a dark core. We expect that at a few kpc from the Galactic Centre, the efficient evaporation of the lower-mass stars caused by the strong tidal force exposes the dark core, because the dynamical properties of the DSC are dominated by the remnants. Due to the invisibility of the remnants, finding a DSC by observation is challenging. In this project, we use N-body simulations to obtain models of DSCs and try to discern observables that signify a DSC. We consider four observables: the mass spectrum, the observational mass density profile, the observational velocity dispersion profile and the mass segregation. The models show that a DSC typically exhibits two distinct characteristics: for a given mass in stars and a given half-light radius, the expected velocity dispersion is underestimated when only visible stars are considered, and there is a lack of measurable mass segregation among the stars. These properties can be helpful for finding DSCs in observational data, such as the Gaia catalogue.
Constraining the properties of Population III galaxies with multiwavelength observations
Authors: Pochinda S , Gessey-Jones T , Bevins H T J , Fialkov A , Heimersheim S , Abril-Cabezas I , de Lera Acedo E , Singh S , Sikder S , Barkana R 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
The early Universe, spanning 400 000 to 400 million years after the big bang (z ≈ 1100–11), has been left largely unexplored as the light from luminous objects is too faint to be observed directly. While new experiments are pushing the redshift limit of direct observations, measurements in the low-frequency radio band promise to probe early star and black hole formation via observations of the hydrogen 21-cm line. In this work, we explore synergies between 21-cm data from the HERA and SARAS 3 experiments and observations of the unresolved radio and X-ray backgrounds using multiwavelength Bayesian analysis. We use the combined data set to constrain properties of Population II and Population III stars as well as early X-ray and radio sources. The joint fit reveals a 68 percentile disfavouring of Population III star formation efficiencies $\gtrsim 5.7~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$. We also show how the 21-cm and the X-ray background data synergistically constrain opposite ends of the X-ray efficiency prior distribution to produce a peak in the 1D posterior of the X-ray luminosity per star formation rate. We find (at 68 per cent confidence) that early galaxies were likely 0.3–318 times as X-ray efficient as present-day starburst galaxies. We also show that the functional posteriors from our joint fit rule out global 21-cm signals deeper than ≲−203 mK and power spectrum amplitudes at k = 0.34 h Mpc−1 greater than $\Delta _{21}^2 \gtrsim 946\ \mathrm{mK}^2$ with 3σ confidence.
Evaluation of articular cartilage degeneration in patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head using T2 mapping magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Kaneta Hiroki , Shoji Takeshi , Shozen Hideki , Ueki Shinichi , Adachi Nobuo 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To evaluate and characterise articular cartilage degeneration in patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) using T2 mapping magnetic resonance imaging.

Methods
We reviewed 35 patients with ONFH (20 males and 15 females, mean age: 45.7 ± 12.9 years) without obvious cartilage abnormalities on plain magnetic resonance imaging (ONFH group) and 25 healthy volunteers (9 males and 16 females, mean age: 42.9 ± 5.8 years) (control group). All patients underwent T2 mapping magnetic resonance imaging after ONFH onset. The region of interest was defined as the weight-bearing portion of the articular cartilage in the femoral head and acetabulum in the coronal view.

Results
The T2 values of the articular cartilage of the acetabulum and femoral head, including necrotic and normal regions, were significantly higher in the ONFH group than those in the control group. These T2 values of the acetabulum and femoral head in Stages 3A and 2 were significantly higher in the ONFH group than those in the control group.

Conclusions
The articular cartilage of the acetabulum and femoral head can deteriorate after the onset of ONFH, which may affect the natural history of ONFH and ONFH treatment. Our findings suggest the need for early intervention in joint preservation surgery.
Profiles of HBcrAg and pgRNA in Pregnant Women With Chronic HBV Under Different Disease Phases and Antiviral Prophylaxis
Authors: Wang Chun-Rui , Liu Xiao-qin , Shen Wei , Zhong Guo-Chao , Li Hu , Tang Qiao , Liu Yu-Xing , Hu Peng 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Pregnant women with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) exhibit unique clinical features in terms of postpartum immune system reconstitution and recovery from pregnancy-related changes. However, current studies focus primarily on the outcomes of maternal–infant transmission and postpartum hepatitis flares. We aimed to evaluate the profiles of hepatitis B core-related antigen (HBcrAg) and pregenomic RNA (pgRNA) in pregnant women with CHB.

Methods
This retrospective analysis included treatment-naïve pregnant women with CHB who were followed up regularly in an outpatient clinic from 2014 to 2021. Baseline HBcrAg and pgRNA levels were compared in patients with different disease phases. Changes in these parameters were examined in a subset of patients receiving antiviral prophylaxis. HBcrAg and pgRNA levels were measured before treatment, at 32 weeks of gestation, and postpartum.

Results
The final analysis included a total of 121 patients, 100 of whom were hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)–positive (96 and 4 in the immune-tolerant and -indeterminate phases, respectively) and 21 of whom were HBeAg-negative (6 and 15 in the immune-active and -inactive carrier phases, respectively). The HBeAg-negative group vs the HBeAg-positive group had lower levels of baseline HBcrAg (median [interquartile range {IQR}], 3.7 [3.0–5.9] vs 8.6 [8.4–8.7] log10 U/mL; P &lt; .01) and pgRNA (median [IQR], 0.0 [0.0–2.5] vs 7.8 [7.6–8.1] log10 copies/mL; P &lt; .01). The serum levels of HBcrAg and pgRNA were highest in immune-tolerant carriers and lowest in immune-inactive carriers. In HBeAg-positive patients, the correlation coefficients of HBcrAg and pgRNA with hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA were 0.40 and 0.43, respectively; in HBeAg-negative patients, they were 0.53 and 0.51, respectively (all P &lt; .05). The correlation coefficients with hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) were 0.55 and 0.52 (P &lt; .05) in HBeAg-positive patients, respectively, while in HBeAg-negative patients they were 0.42 and 0.37, respectively (P &gt; .05). Among 96 patients receiving antiviral prophylaxis, we detected a rapid decrease in HBV DNA to an undetectable level during treatment but relatively stable levels of pgRNA and HBcrAg.

Conclusions
HBcrAg and pgRNA levels are lower in HBeAg-negative patients than in HBeAg-positive patients. These 2 markers are significantly associated with HBV DNA irrespective of HBeAg status, while they are significantly associated with HBsAg only in HBeAg-positive patients.
Reactivation of Multidrug-Resistant HSV-1 in a Post–Allogenic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Patient: Dynamic Detection of the Rare A605V Mutation by Next-Generation Sequencing
Authors: Zheng Shuxuan , Rümke Lidewij W , Tello Rubio Bruno , Rogers Malbert R C , van Sluis Geerte L , Kuball Jürgen H E , Riezebos-Brilman Annelies , Lebbink Robert Jan , Verduyn Lunel Frans M 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We present an immunocompromised patient with a multiresistant herpes simplex virus–1 reactivation with a rare mutation (A605V) in the viral DNA polymerase gene. Next-generation sequencing suggests the presence of multiple drug-resistant strains before treatment and altered ratios during treatment, affecting the clinical response to aciclovir and foscarnet.
Protein degrons and degradation: Exploring substrate recognition and pathway selection in plants
Authors: Isono Erika , Li Jianming , Pulido Pablo , Siao Wei , Spoel Steven H , Wang Zhishuo , Zhuang Xiaohong , Trujillo Marco 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Proteome composition is dynamic and influenced by many internal and external cues, including developmental signals, light availability, or environmental stresses. Protein degradation, in synergy with protein biosynthesis, allows cells to respond to various stimuli and adapt by reshaping the proteome. Protein degradation mediates the final and irreversible disassembly of proteins, which is important for protein quality control and to eliminate misfolded or damaged proteins, as well as entire organelles. Consequently, it contributes to cell resilience by buffering against protein or organellar damage caused by stresses. Moreover, protein degradation plays important roles in cell signaling, as well as transcriptional and translational events. The intricate task of recognizing specific proteins for degradation is achieved by specialized systems that are tailored to the substrate's physicochemical properties and subcellular localization. These systems recognize diverse substrate cues collectively referred to as “degrons,” which can assume a range of configurations. They are molecular surfaces recognized by E3 ligases of the ubiquitin-proteasome system but can also be considered as general features recognized by other degradation systems, including autophagy or even organellar proteases. Here we provide an overview of the newest developments in the field, delving into the intricate processes of protein recognition and elucidating the pathways through which they are recruited for degradation.
Genetically manipulated chloroplast stromal phosphate levels alter photosynthetic efficiency
Authors: Raju Aditi Subramani , Kramer David M , Versaw Wayne K 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The concentration of inorganic phosphate (Pi) in the chloroplast stroma must be maintained within narrow limits to sustain photosynthesis and to direct the partitioning of fixed carbon. However, it is unknown if these limits or the underlying contributions of different chloroplastic Pi transporters vary throughout the photoperiod or between chloroplasts in different leaf tissues. To address these questions, we applied live Pi imaging to Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) wild-type plants and 2 loss-of-function transporter mutants: triose phosphate/phosphate translocator (tpt), phosphate transporter 2;1 (pht2;1), and tpt pht2;1. Our analyses revealed that stromal Pi varies spatially and temporally, and that TPT and PHT2;1 contribute to Pi import with overlapping tissue specificities. Further, the series of progressively diminished steady-state stromal Pi levels in these mutants provided the means to examine the effects of Pi on photosynthetic efficiency without imposing nutritional deprivation. ΦPSII and nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) correlated with stromal Pi levels. However, the proton efflux activity of the ATP synthase (gH+) and the thylakoid proton motive force (pmf) were unaltered under growth conditions, but were suppressed transiently after a dark to light transition with return to wild-type levels within 2 min. These results argue against a simple substrate-level limitation of ATP synthase by depletion of stromal Pi, favoring more integrated regulatory models, which include rapid acclimation of thylakoid ATP synthase activity to reduced Pi levels.