bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Osteopontin Plasma Level Does Not Detect Prostate Cancer in Patients Referred for Diagnostic Prostate Biopsy
Authors: Puzone Roberto , Paleari Laura , Montefiore Franco , Ruggiero Luca , Puntoni Matteo , Maffezzini Massimo , Bobbio Barbara , Marroni Paola , Libener Roberta , Betta Pier Giacomo 
Published: December 2010

Background Prostate cancer is the second most frequent cause of tumor-related deaths in men in Western countries. The selection and evaluation of new markers might help to overcome the limits of the most widely used diagnostic tool, the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test, often combined with digital rectal examination (DRE). Osteopontin (OPN) is an integrin-binding glycoprotein that has recently been shown to be related to tumor development, progression and metastasis in both experimental and clinical studies. The present study compares plasma OPN levels and tumor presence and grade in a group of PSA/DRE-positive patients referred for diagnostic prostate biopsy. Methods Plasma OPN levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in blood samples of 194 PSA/DRE-positive patients referred for diagnostic prostate biopsy. OPN measurements were compared with PSA levels and tumor presence and grade as established by needle biopsy. Results Plasma OPN levels were not increased in patients with prostate cancer, and in patients with high-grade prostate cancer the plasma OPN levels were not different from those in patients with low-grade or no prostate cancer. Conclusions In PSA/DRE-positive patients referred for diagnostic prostate biopsy, OPN does not appear to be a plasma marker able to detect prostate cancer or high-grade prostate cancer.
Distribution of a Single Nucleotide Polymorphism of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 in Colorectal Cancer Patients and Its Association with Mucinous Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Lin Jen-Kou , Shen Ming-Yin , Lin Tzu-Chen , Lan Yuan-Tzu , Wang Huann-Sheng , Yang Shung-Haur , Li Anna Fen-Yau , Chang Shih-Ching 
Published: December 2010

Purpose To analyze the difference in the distribution of an insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) polymorphism (-2995 C/A) between young and old colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Methods Information from 950 CRC patients undergoing surgery at the Taipei Veterans General Hospital between 2000 and 2005 was collected. The IGF-1 polymorphism was analyzed in patients in extreme age ranges at the time of CRC onset (i.e., under the 20th and above the 80th percentiles, respectively). Associations between clinicopathological variables and the IGF-1 polymorphism were analyzed. Results Young CRC patients had a higher frequency of advanced disease (58.7%) and mucinous adenocarcinoma (20%) than old CRC patients. Among old CRC patients, the frequency of the AA genotype of IGF-1 was 12.7% (24/189), which was significantly higher than in young patients (4.2%). Other clinicopathological factors including tumor location, differentiation, lymphovascular invasion, and TNM stage were not associated with the AA genotype of IGF-1. Mucinous differentiation (but not the other clinicopathological factors) was significantly associated with the CA/AA genotype of IGF-1 (39/195). Conclusions Older patients had a higher frequency of the AA genotype of IGF-1(-2995 C/A), while younger patients more often had advanced disease and mucinous adenocarcinoma.
Effectiveness of Sutureless Percutaneous Placement of Cuffed Tunneled Hemodialysis Catheters Applying Statlock Attachment Devices
Authors: Teichgräber Ulf Karl-Martin , De Bucourt Maximilian , Gebauer Bernhard , Streitparth Florian , Hamm Bernd , Enzweiler Christian 
Published: December 2010

Purpose A prospective, randomized-controlled trail was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of securing tunneled hemodialysis (HD) catheters with sutureless StatLock attachment devices (Bard Access Systems) compared to traditional suture fixation. Methods At a university teaching hospital 11 patients with chronic renal failure received cuffed tunneled HD catheters. In the study group (n=36) the HD catheters were secured with a sutureless StatLock attachment device, whereas the control group HD catheters were fixated with sutures only. The intended intermediate use of the tunneled HD catheters was 42 ± 7 days until the arteriovenous fistula was sufficient. All catheters were placed by an interventional radiologist using ultrasound for the puncture of the internal jugular vein. We evaluated the success and complication rate of tunneled catheter implantation. Results The primary success rate for implantation of HD catheters was 100%. There was an overall complication rate of 8.3% in the study group (one hematoma in the subcutaneous catheter tract and two central venous thromboses). In the control group the overall complication rate was 13.9% (two hematomas, one central venous thrombosis and two catheter displacements). The two catheter displacements required a HD catheter exchange. In addition, four local irritations at the HD catheter entry site were seen only in the control group and were rated as minor complications. Conclusions The sutureless placement technique is safe and effective with a low complication rate, and is superior to the traditional suture fixation of tunneled catheters.
Hemodynamic Effects of Spiral ePTFE Prosthesis Compared with Standard Arteriovenous Graft in a Carotid to Jugular Vein Porcine Model
Authors: Kh. Jahrome Ommid , Hoefer Imo , Houston Graeme J. , Stonebridge Peter A. , Blankestijn Peter J. , Moll Frans L. , De Borst Gert J. 
Published: December 2010

Introduction The primary patency rate of arteriovenous (AV) grafts is limited by distal venous anastomosis stenosis or occlusion due to intimal hyperplasia associated with distal graft turbulence. The normal blood flow in native arteries is spiral laminar flow. Standard vascular grafts do not produce spiral laminar flow at the distal anastomosis. Vascular grafts which induce a spiral laminar flow distally result in lower turbulence, particularly near the vessel wall. This initial study compares the hemodynamic effects of a spiral flow–-inducing graft and a standard graft in a new AV carotid to jugular vein crossover graft porcine model. Methods Four spiral flow grafts and 4 control grafts were implanted from the carotid artery to the contralateral jugular vein in 4 pigs. Two animals were terminated after 48 hours and 2 at 14 days. Graft patency was assessed by selective catheter digital angiography, and the flow pattern was assessed by intraoperative flow probe and color Doppler ultrasound (CDU) measurements. The spiral grafts were also assessed at enhanced flow rates using an external roller pump to simulate increased flow rates that may occur during dialysis using a standard dialysis needle cannulation. The method increased the flow rate through the graft by 660 ml/min. The graft distal anastomotic appearances were evaluated by explant histopathology. Results All grafts were patent at explantation with no complications. All anastomoses were found to be wide open and showed no significant angiographic stenosis at the distal anastomosis in both spiral and control grafts. CDU examinations showed a spiral flow pattern in the spiral graft and double helix pattern in the control graft. No gross histopathological effects were seen in either spiral or control grafts. Conclusion This porcine model is robust and allows hemodynamic flow assessment up to 14 days postimplantation. The spiral flow–-inducing grafts produced and maintained spiral flow at baseline and enhanced flow rates during dialysis needle cannulation, whereas control grafts did not produce spiral flow through the distal anastomosis. There was no deleterious effect of the spiral flow–-inducing graft on macroscopic and histological examination. The reducing effect of spiral flow on intima hyperplasia formation will be the subject of further study using the same AV graft model at a longer period of implantation.
Protein Blotting: Immunoblotting
Authors: Gallagher Sean R. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractImmunoblotting (also referred to as western blotting) uses antibodies to probe for a specific protein in a sample bound to a membrane. Typically, a protein sample is first size separated via electrophoresis (e.g., SDS PAGE). However, antibodies used for specific protein detection are restricted by the polyacrylamide gel and, to make the separated proteins accessible, the proteins need to be moved out of the gel and bound to a rectangular sheet of PVDF or nitrocellulose membrane. Specialized blotting equipment electrophoretically transfers the negatively charged proteins from the gel onto the membrane. The nitrocellulose or PVDF membrane binds the proteins as they move out of the gel, producing an exact replica, on the membrane surface, of the original protein gel separation. The membrane is then blocked to prevent any nonspecific protein binding and visualized by specific antibodies to detect the presence or absence of a particular protein. Applications of immunoblotting are many, and include antibody characterization, diagnostics, gene expression, and post‐translational modification analysis. Curr. Protoc. Essential Lab. Tech. 4:8.3.1‐8.3.36. © 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
In Situ Hybridization: Fruit Fly Embryos and Tissues
Authors: Wilk Ronit , Murthy Sreenivasa U.M. , Yan Haixu , Krause Henry M. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractIt is well known that transcript localization controls important biological processes, including cell fate determination, cell polarity, cell migration, morphogenesis, neuronal function, and embryonic axis specification. Thus, the sub‐cellular visualization of transcripts in ‘their original place’ (in situ) is an important tool to infer and understand their trafficking, stability, translation, and biological functions. This has been made possible through the use of labeled ‘anti‐sense’ probes that can be readily detected after hybridization to their ‘sense’ counterparts. The following is a series of protocols for conducting in situ hybridization in Drosophila embryos or tissues. These methods include standard alkaline phosphatase methods, as well as higher resolution and throughput variations using fluorescence‐based probe detection. New modifications that enhance probe penetration and detection in various tissues are also provided. Curr. Protoc. Essential Lab. Tech. 4:9.3.1‐9.3.24. © 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Self‐Assembled Conjugated Thiophene‐Based Rotaxane Architectures: Structural, Computational, and Spectroscopic Insights into Molecular Aggregation
Authors: Zalewski Leszek , Brovelli Sergio , Bonini Massimo , Mativetsky Jeffrey M. , Wykes Michael , Orgiu Emanuele , Breiner Thomas , Kastler Marcel , Dötz Florian , Meinardi Francesco , Anderson Harry L. , Beljonne David , Cacialli Franco , Samorì Paolo 
Published: December 2010

AbstractA comparative study of the self‐assembly at a variety of surfaces of a dithiophene rotaxane 1⊂β‐CD and its corresponding dumbbell, 1, by means of atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) imaging on the micrometer and nanometer scale, respectively. The dumbbell is found to have a greater propensity to form ordered supramolecular assemblies, as a result of π–π interactions between dithiophenes belonging to adjacent molecules, which are hindered in the rotaxane. The fine molecular structure determined by STM was compared to that obtained by molecular modelling. The optical properties of both rotaxane and dumbbell in the solid state were investigated by steady‐state and time‐resolved photoluminescence (PL) experiments on spin‐cast films and diluted solutions. The comparison between the optical features of the threaded and unthreaded systems reveals an effective role of encapsulation in reducing aggregation and exciton migration for the rotaxanes with respect to the dumbbells, thus leading to higher PL quantum efficiency and preserved single‐molecule photophysics for longer times after excitation in the threaded oligomers.
Tin Dioxide Sensing Layer Grown on Tubular Nanostructures by a Non‐Aqueous Atomic Layer Deposition Process
Authors: Marichy Catherine , Donato Nicola , Willinger Marc‐Georg , Latino Mariangela , Karpinsky Dmitry , Yu Seung‐Ho , Neri Giovanni , Pinna Nicola 
Published: December 2010

AbstractA new atomic layer deposition (ALD) process for nanocrystalline tin dioxide films is developed and applied for the coating of nanostructured materials. This approach, which is adapted from non‐hydrolytic sol‐gel chemistry, permits the deposition of SnO2 at temperatures as low as 75 °C. It allows the coating of the inner and outer surface of multiwalled carbon nanotubes with a highly conformal film of controllable thickness. The ALD‐coated tubes are investigated as active components in gas‐sensor devices. Due to the formation of a p‐n heterojunction between the highly conductive support and the SnO2 thin film an enhancement of the gas sensing response is observed.
Multiluminescent Hybrid Organic/Inorganic Nanotubular Structures: One‐Pot Fabrication of Tricolor (Blue–Red–Purple) Luminescent Parallepipedic Organic Superstructure Grafted with Europium Complexes
Authors: Basak Supratim , Chandrasekar Rajadurai 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThis article focuses on an innovative one‐pot fabrication of organic/inorganic hybrid parallepipedic tubes with rectangular cavities displaying multicolor luminescence. Firstly, using a novel back‐to‐back coupled 2,6‐di‐pyrazol‐1‐ylpyridine ligand, blue‐emitting several‐micrometer‐long (ca. 50 μm) parallepipedic organic nanotubes with rectangular cavities were fabricated in THF/water via supramolecular (H‐bonding and π–π stacking) and solvent‐assisted self‐assembly. Secondly, in the same pot, the ligand molecules available on the surface of the ligand nanotubes were reacted with Eu(tta)3 molecules at the solid/liquid interface to form a layer of red‐emitting Eu(III) complex coating on the inner and outer surface of the tubes. The resultant organic/inorganic hybrid parallepipedic nanotubes fabricated using this novel bottom‐up one‐pot technique display tricolor (blue–red–purple) luminescence, i.e., blue and red dual emission from the organic ligand and the Eu(III) complex, respectively, and a purple color due to the mixing of the two colors. This simple technique signifies an innovative and important method in the development of bottom‐up nanotechnology of multiluminescent organic/inorganic hybrid nanotubes.
MESFET Electronics: Recent Progress on ZnO‐Based Metal‐Semiconductor Field‐Effect Transistors and Their Application in Transparent Integrated Circuits (Adv. Mater. 47/2010)
Authors: Frenzel Heiko , Lajn Alexander , von Wenckstern Holger , Lorenz Michael , Schein Friedrich , Zhang Zhipeng , Grundmann Marius 
Published: December 2010

AbstractMetal‐semiconductor field‐effect transistors (MESFETs) are widely known from opaque high‐speed GaAs or high‐power SiC and GaN technology. For the emerging field of transparent electronics, only metal‐insulator‐semiconductor field‐effect transistors (MISFETs) were considered so far. This article reviews the progress of high‐performance MESFETs in oxide electronics and reflects the recent advances of this technique towards transparent MESFET circuitry. We discuss design prospects as well as limitations regarding device performance, reliability and stability. The presented ZnO‐based MESFETs and inverters have superior properties compared to MISFETs, i.e., high channel mobilities and on/off‐ratios, high gain, and low uncertainty level at comparatively low operating voltages. This makes them a promising approach for future low‐cost transparent electronics.
Design of gas‐phase synthesis of core‐shell particles by computational fluid–aerosol dynamics
Authors: Buesser B. , Pratsinis S. E. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractCore‐shell particles preserve the bulk properties (e.g., magnetic and optical) of the core while its surface is modified by a shell material. Continuous aerosol coating of core TiO2 nanoparticles with nanothin silicon dioxide shells by jet injection of hexamethyldisiloxane precursor vapor downstream of titania particle formation is elucidated by combining computational fluid and aerosol dynamics. The effect of inlet coating vapor concentration and mixing intensity on product shell thickness distribution is presented. Rapid mixing of the core aerosol with the shell precursor vapor facilitates efficient synthesis of hermetically coated core‐shell nanoparticles. The predicted extent of hermetic coating shells is compared with the measured photocatalytic oxidation of isopropanol by such particles as hermetic SiO2 shells prevent the photocatalytic activity of titania. Finally, the performance of a simpler, plug‐flow coating model is assessed by comparisons with the present detailed computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model in terms of coating efficiency and silica average shell thickness and texture. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2011
Adsorption of CO2, CH4, CO2/N2 and CO2/CH4 in novel activated carbon beads: Preparation, measurements and simulation
Authors: Shao Xiaohong , Feng Zhenhe , Xue Ruisheng , Ma Congcong , Wang Wenchuan , Peng Xuan , Cao Dapeng 
Published: December 2010

AbstractA series of high performance carbonaceous mesoporous materials: activated carbon beads (ACBs), have been prepared in this work. Among the samples, ACB‐5 possesses the BET specific surface area of 3537 m2 g−1 and ACB‐2 has the pore volume of 3.18 cm3 g−1. Experimental measurements were carried out on the intelligent gravimetric analyzer (IGA‐003, Hiden). Carbon dioxide adsorption capacity of 909 mg g−1 has been achieved in ACB‐5 at 298 K and 18 bar, which is superior to the existing carbonaceous porous materials and comparable to metal‐organic framework (MOF)‐177 (1232 mg g−1, at 298 K and 20 bar) and covalent‐organic framework (COF)‐102 (1050 mg g−1 at 298 K and 20 bar) reported in the literature. Moreover, methane uptake reaches 15.23 wt % in ACB‐5 at 298 K and 18 bar, which is better than MOF‐5. To predict the performances of the samples ACB‐2 and ACB‐5 at high pressures, modeling of the samples and grand canonical Monte Carlo simulation have been conducted, as is presented in our previous work. The adsorption isotherms of CO2/N2 and CO2/CH4 in our samples ACB‐2 and 5 have been measured at 298 and 348 K and different compositions, corresponding to the pre‐ and postcombustion conditions for CO2 capture. The Dual‐Site Langmuir‐Freundlich (DSLF) model‐based ideal‐adsorbed solution theory (IAST) was also used to solve the selectivity of CO2 over N2 and CH4. The selectivities of ACBs for CO2/CH4 are in the range of 2–2.5, while they remain in the range of 6.0–8.0 for CO2/N2 at T = 298 K. In summary, this work presents a new type of adsorbent‐ACBs, which are not only good candidates for CO2 and CH4 storage but also for the capture of carbon dioxide in pre‐ and postcombustion processes. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2011
A fundamental model of wax deposition in subsea oil pipelines
Authors: Huang Zhenyu , Lee Hyun Su , Senra Michael , Scott Fogler H. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractWax deposition in subsea pipelines is a significant economic issue in the petroleum industry. A mathematical model has been developed to predict the increase in both the deposit thickness and the wax fraction of the deposit using a fundamental analysis of the heat and mass transfer for laminar and turbulent flow conditions. It was found that the precipitation of wax in the oil is a competing phenomenon with deposition. Two existing approaches consider either no precipitation (the independent heat and mass transfer model) or instantaneous precipitation (the solubility model) and result in either an overprediction or an underprediction of deposit thickness. By accounting for the kinetics of wax precipitation of wax in the oil (the kinetic model), accurate predictions for wax deposition for both lab‐scale and pilot‐scale flow‐loop experiments with three different oils were achieved. Furthermore, this kinetic model for wax precipitation in the oil was used to compare field‐scale deposition predictions for different oils. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2011
Evaluation of empiric versus nomogram‐based direct thrombin inhibitor management in patients with suspected heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia
Authors: Kiser Tyree H. , Mann Allison M. , Trujillo Toby C. , Hassell Kathryn L. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate a direct thrombin inhibitor (DTI) titration protocol in patients with suspected HIT. This observational study compared patients treated with argatroban or bivalirudin according to the University of Colorado Hospital DTI titration protocol versus a control group treated prior to protocol implementation. Protocol patients had DTI initial doses based on organ function and fixed dosage adjustments of 10, 25, or 50%. Initial doses and titrations in the control group were made per physician discretion. A total of 130 patients were enrolled: 47 in the protocol group and 83 in the control group (median age 54 years, 63% male, 78% critically ill, and 54% received argatroban). Goal aPTT was achieved with initial DTI dose in 64% of protocol patients and 46% of control patients (P = 0.07). Median (IQR) time to goal aPTT was reduced in the protocol group compared to the control group [5 hr (2–10 hr) vs. 13 hr (6–29 hr); P < 0.0001]. Median time to dose stabilization was 10 hr (6–27 hr) and 22 hr (13–40 hr) in the protocol and control groups, respectively; P < 0.0001. Median number of titrations to goal was 0 (0–1) versus 1 (0–4), respectively; P = 0.02. Median percentage of aPTT values in goal was 67% (41–100%) versus 53% (33–76%), respectively; P = 0.027. The DTI titration protocol shortened time to achieve goal aPTT, reduced time to dose stabilization, decreased the number of titrations required to achieve aPTT goal, and improved the percentage of aPTT values in goal range. Am. J. Hematol. 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Collaterals dramatically alter stroke risk in intracranial atherosclerosis
Authors: Liebeskind David S. , Cotsonis George A. , Saver Jeffrey L. , Lynn Michael J. , Turan Tanya N. , Cloft Harry J. , Chimowitz Marc I. ,   for the Warfarin–Aspirin Symptomatic Intracranial Disease (WASID) Investigators
Published: December 2010

AbstractObjective:Stroke risk due to intracranial atherosclerosis increases with degree of arterial stenosis. We evaluated the previously unexplored role of collaterals in modifying stroke risk in intracranial atherosclerosis and impact on subsequent stroke characteristics.Methods:Collateral flow was graded in blind fashion on 287 of 569 baseline angiograms (stenoses of 50–99% and adequate collateral views) in the Warfarin–Aspirin Symptomatic Intracranial Disease (WASID) trial. Statistical models predicted stroke in the symptomatic arterial territory based on collateral flow grade, percentage of stenosis, and previously demonstrated independent covariates.Results:Across all stenoses, extent of collaterals was a predictor for subsequent stroke in the symptomatic arterial territory (hazard ratio [HR] none vs good, 1.14; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.39–3.30; poor vs good, 4.36; 95% CI, 1.46–13.07; p < 0.0001). For 70 to 99% stenoses, more extensive collaterals diminished risk of subsequent territorial stroke (HR none vs good, 4.60; 95% CI, 1.03–20.56; poor vs good, 5.90; 95% CI, 1.25–27.81; p = 0.0427). At milder degrees of stenoses (50–69%), presence of collaterals was associated with greater likelihood of subsequent stroke (HR none vs good, 0.18; 95% CI, 0.04–0.82; poor vs good, 1.78; 95% CI, 0.37–8.57; p < 0.0001). In multivariate analyses, extent of collaterals was an independent predictor for subsequent stroke in the symptomatic arterial territory (HR none vs good, 1.62; 95% CI, 0.52–5.11; poor vs good, 4.78; 95% CI, 1.55–14.7; p = 0.0019).Interpretation:Collateral circulation is a potent determinant of stroke risk in intracranial atherosclerosis, demonstrating a protective role with severe stenoses and identifying more unstable milder stenoses. ANN NEUROL 2010;