bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ramp-Flat and Splay Faulting Illuminated by Frictional Afterslip Following the 2017 Mw 7.3 Sarpol-e Zahab Earthquake
Authors: Guo Zelong , Baes Marzieh , Motagh Mahdi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
As the largest instrumentally recorded earthquake in the fold-and-thrust belt of the northwestern Zagros mountain so far, the fault structure of the 2017 Mw 7.3 Sarpol-e Zahab earthquake and its contribution to regional crustal shortening remain controversial. Here, we utilize the integration of Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar observations and 2D finite element models incorporating various fault geometries such as planar faults, ramp-flat faults, and the combined models of ramp-flat and splay faults to explore frictional afterslip process due to coseismic stress changes following the mainshock. Our findings suggest that a ramp-flat frictional afterslip model, characterized by the maximum afterslip of ∼1.0 m and frictional variations (Δμ) of ∼0.001 and ∼0.0002 for the up-dip and down-dip portions, respectively, better explains the long-wavelength postseismic deformation than planar fault models. However, an integration model of a ramp-flat and a splay fault further improves the model fit, although the splay fault’s frictional slip is limited to &lt;0.2 m, which is much smaller than that on the ramp-flat part (∼0.9 m). Considering the relocated aftershocks and structural cross-sections, the combined model could be best attributed to fault slip on the blind Mountain Front fault. Our findings thus suggest the complexity of the fault interactions between the basement and sedimentary cover in the Zagros, and that this largest basement-involved event in the region contributes to both thick- and thin-skinned shortening via seismic and aseismic behaviors, respectively.
LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT IN THE SYSTEM OF CONSTITUTIONAL LAW OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION: EVOLUTION OVER THE PAST THREE DECADES (1993–2023)
Authors: Дорохов Н.И. 
Published: June 2024

Рассматриваются понятие, сущность, основные этапы становления и эволюции местного самоуправления как важнейшего института конституционного права за тридцать лет (1993–2023 гг.). Определяются особенности публично-правового регулирования местного самоуправления в условиях конституционной модернизации, вызванной обновлением Конституции РФ (2020). Выявляется круг проблем, направленных на актуализацию местного самоуправления в системе единой публичной власти.
The article considers the concept, essence, main stages of the formation and evolution of local self-government as the most important institution of constitutional law over the past three decades (1993–2023). The features of public legal regulation of local self-government are determined in the conditions of constitutional modernization caused by the update of the Constitution of the Russian Federation (2020). Th e range of problems are identified aimed at updating local self-government in the system of unified public authority.
Antimicrobial Efficacy of Saline, Chlorhexidine, and Zataria Multiflora and Mentha Piperita Essential Oils in Root Canal Irrigation of Primary Molars
Authors: Pordel Edris , Kiani Masoud , Jafari Ahmad , Heidari Ali Reza , Bakhtiari Ronak 
Published: June 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the antimicrobial efficacy of saline, 0.5% and 2% Zataria multiflora (Z. multiflora) essential oil, 0.5% and 2% Mentha piperita (M. piperita) essential oil, and 0.2% chlorhexidine (CHX) as root canal irrigants for primary molar teeth.
Materials and Methods: A total of 64 primary molars were used in this in vitro study. The teeth were randomly assigned to six groups (N=10). The root canals were prepared up to file #35, and all teeth were sterilized before contamination with Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis; ATCC 29212) suspension. After 48 hours of incubation, the root canals in each group were irrigated with the respective irrigants. Sterile paper points were then used to collect microbial samples from the root canals. A colony counter was used to count the number of colony-forming units (CFUs). Data were analyzed by SPSS version 20 (alpha=0.05).
Results: The colony count was significantly different among the groups (P 0.5% M. piperita > 0.2% CHX > 2% M. piperita > 0.5% Z. multiflora.
Conclusion: The current study showed the optimal antibacterial activity of 0.5% Z. multiflora essential oil and 2% M. piperita essential oil against E. faecalis, and indicated their possible efficacy for use as an irrigant for root canal irrigation of primary molars.
The Effect of Telephone Health Training on Perceived Stress of Mothers with Premature Infants Discharged from Hospital
Authors: Tavangar Hossein , Alichi Marjan , Pourmovahed Zahra 
Published: June 2024

Background: Premature birth is a global health issue leading to major stress in mothers who will be able to get answers to many of their questions at home through a phone call. This study aimed to investigate the effect of telephone health training on the perceived stress of mothers with premature infants discharged from the hospital.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 60 mothers referring to Shohada-ye Kargar Hospital (Yazd, Iran) in 2022. They were selected using a purposive sampling method and then randomly assigned to the control and intervention groups. Data collection was accomplished with the Perceived Stress Questionnaire and demographic questionnaire. Telephone training was performed in the intervention group. The control group received ordinary care at discharge time. Data were analyzed with SPSS22 using paired t-test, independent t-test, and chi-square test.
Results: The mean perceived stress of mothers was 25.10 ± 2.32 and 25.33 ± 3.12, in the intervention and control group before the intervention, respectively. These scores were 21.24 ± 1.83 and 24.14 ± 2.81, respectively after the intervention, and they decreased significantly in the intervention group (P = 0.03).
Conclusion: Telephone health training is regarded as an efficient and low-cost method for reducing the perceived stress of mothers with premature infants discharged from the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Improving maternal and neonatal health is suggested.
Investigating Psychiatric Disorders in Patients with Suicide Attempt
Authors: Sadeghian Zoha , Rashidpour Parvane , Ghasemirad Hamidreza , Ardekani Seyed Mojtaba Yassini , Shirkhoda Shahab Ali , Kholasezade Golraste , Owliaey Hamid , Bidaki Reza 
Published: June 2024

Background
Attempting suicide is considered one of the important indicators of the mental health of individuals in society. One of the important issues in suicide is psychiatric disorders and related factors. Given that no comprehensive study was conducted in Yazd province, this study aimed to assess psychiatric disorders in patients with suicide attempts.
Methods
This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on 344 patients with suicide attempts at Shahid Beheshti Hospital from March 2021 to March 2022. The type of psychiatric illness was diagnosed based on the clinical interview and DSM-5 diagnostic criteria. All information was extracted from medical records entered into SPSS version 22 and analyzed. P < 0.05 was assumed significant.
Results
The average age of the patients was 27.09 ± 11.78 years. Among them, 145 were men (42.2%) and 199 were women (57.8%). The most common psychiatric disorder was Major depressive disorder (MDD) (46.5%). Moreover, the lowest frequency of psychiatric disorders was schizophrenia (1.2%). There was a significant relation between psychiatric disorders and variables, including age, number of suicides, gender, and suicide method (P < 0.05). A significant relation was seen between the severity of diseases and gender (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
Among the various types of psychiatric disorders, MDD was more prevalent in individuals who commit suicide. Hence, it was essential to focus more attention on this particular group of patients. Additionally, the use of medication was the most common method of suicide. It should also be noted that the severity of suicide was higher in men.
The Effect of Red Ginger Extract (Zingiber officinale var rubrum) on The Thickness of The Epitelial and Diameter of Seminiferous Tubules in Albino Rat (Rattus norvegicus) Exposed Monosodium Glutamat
Authors: Renaldi Nogi , Rachmawati Kadek , Widiyatno Thomas Valentinus , Madyawati Sri Pantja , Dhamayanti Yeni 
Published: June 2024

Background: This study examined administration of MSG intraperitoneally to white rats resulted in a decrease in testicular weight, an increase in lipid peroxidase levels The testes, as the site of spermatogenesis, are highly vulnerable to oxidation processes caused by free radicals, which can disrupt spermatogenesis. Free radicals can be countered by antioxidants. One plant believed to have antioxidant activity is red ginger. Purpose: To determine the effect of red ginger against histopathology seminiferous tubules of white rat (Rattus norvegicus) exposed by monosodium glutamate. Methods: This study used 30 rats which were divided into 5 groups. The positve control group (K+) were given only monosodium glutamate 5g/kgBW and CMC Na orally, the treatments groups P1 were given monosodium glutamte 5g/KgBW + red ginger 50mg/rat/day, P2 were given 5g/KgBW + red ginger 100mg/rat/day, and P3 were given 5g/KgBW + red ginger 200mg/rat/day. All treatments were administered for 42 days. After 42 days of treatments, all rats were sacrificed and seminiferous tubules were observed with microscope from pathology laboratory. Results: Administration of red ginger extract can defend seminiferous tubules epithelial thicknes and diameter from exposure of monosodium glutamate with 100mg/KgBW dosage as the most effective dosage. Seminiferous tubules epitelial thickness and diameter were tested using one-way ANOVA and Duncan’s multiple range test. Conclusion: Red Ginger Extract (Zingiber officinale var rubrum) has shown potential effects to counteract Monosodium Glutamat consequences on The Thickness of the epitelial and diameter of seminiferous tubules of white rat (Rattus norvegicus).
Maximizing Workshop Efficiency Reusing Old Compressors Globally
Authors: Kurniawan Bagus , Mulyadi  
Published: June 2024

This study investigates the feasibility of repurposing old refrigerator compressors to construct an air compressor for workshop use. Conducted at the Laboratory of Mechanical Engineering, Muhammadiyah University of Sidoarjo, the research assesses performance factors such as compressor tube filling time and injection settings. Results indicate that using one compressor motor takes 12 minutes and 57 seconds to fill the tube, while two motors reduce this to 8 minutes and 12 seconds, reaching a maximum pressure of 75 psi. Higher spray gun settings result in faster air depletion. Although pressure output is weaker compared to conventional compressors, the cost-effectiveness of using reused materials is evident, highlighting potential economic and environmental benefits.

Highlight:
Repurposing old compressors for workshop air supply.
Assessing performance: filling time, injection settings.
Cost-effective, eco-friendly solution for workshop equipment.

Keyword: Repurposing, Refrigerator Compressors, Workshop Equipment, Performance Assessment, Cost-effectiveness
Systematic RPG Development Maximizes Player Engagement in Global Context
Authors: Hidayatullah Vika Tanjung , Astutik Ika Ratna Indra , Ariyanti Novia , Busono Suhendro 
Published: June 2024

This study presents the systematic development of an Adventure RPG game titled "Tomorrow Will Come" using the ADDIE method, aiming to enhance understanding of RPG game development. Leveraging the Godot Engine and GDscript programming language, the research follows the Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation phases. Feedback from beta testers highlights positive gameplay experiences but suggests room for improvement, particularly in gameplay difficulty. The findings underscore the significance of iterative design and player feedback in refining game mechanics. Overall, this research contributes to advancing RPG game development methodologies and emphasizes the importance of innovation and user-centric design in creating compelling gaming experiences.

Highlight:
1. ADDIE method enhances structured RPG game development.
2. Player feedback refines mechanics, enhancing overall quality.
3. Godot Engine innovates technical aspects, prioritizing user-centric design.

Keyword: RPG game development, ADDIE method, Godot Engine, Player feedback, Iterative design
Deriving the PedsUtil Health State Classification System to Measure Health Utilities for Pediatric Populations Based on the PedsQL: A Confirmatory Factor Analysis
Authors: DeLuca Ellen Kim , Dalziel Kim , Wittenberg Eve , Rose Angela M. , Prosser Lisa A. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: An important methodological challenge in conducting pediatric economic evaluations is estimating the preference-based health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of children. Current methods are highly variable and there is no single instrument available to value HRQoL consistently across multiple pediatric age groups. The PedsQL is a non-preference-based generic HRQoL instrument validated for children 2-18 years, but it cannot be directly used in economic evaluations. The aim of this study was to establish the core dimension structure of the PedsUtil health state classification system using confirmatory factor analysis, which is the first step of deriving a preference-based measure of HRQoL based on the PedsQL.
Methods: Four competing dimension structures of the PedsUtil health state classification system were developed based on published literature and expert opinion. Using data from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC) (n = 45,207), the 4 dimension structures were evaluated using the robust weighted least squares estimation method. The analyses were stratified by 2-year age intervals (from 2 to 17 years) to reflect the study design of the LSAC, as well as special healthcare needs status of the child. Model fit was evaluated by examining standardized factor loadings and various fit indices including the comparative fit index (CFI), Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI), and the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA). Modification indices and residual correlations were examined to re-specify the models to improve model fit when necessary.
Results: The findings supported a 7-dimension structure (i.e., Physical Functioning, Pain, Fatigue, Emotional Functioning, Social Functioning, School Functioning, and School Absence) of the PedsUtil health state classification system. The 7-dimension model exhibited adequate fit across subgroups with CFI values that ranged from 0.929 to 0.954, TLI values from 0.916 to 0.946, and RMSEA values from 0.058 to 0.102.
Conclusions: This study established the core dimension structure of the PedsUtil health state classification system using confirmatory factor analysis. The 7-dimension structure was found to be applicable across diverse pediatric populations. Research is currently ongoing to select the most representative item within each dimension of the PedsUtil health state classification system and valuation surveys will be fielded to estimate the PedsUtil scoring system.
Ag+ ions are effective elicitors for enhancing the production of phenolic acids and tanshinones in Salvia aristata Aucher ex Benth. hairy roots
Authors: Rahchamani Raziey , Radjabian Tayebeh , Abrishamchi Parvaneh 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Salvia aristata Aucher ex Benth., due to containing tanshinones and phenolic acids, two main groups of bioactive metabolites, is one of the most valuable medicinal plant species in Iran. In this study, for the first time, hairy root (HR) cultures were established from 14-day-old seedlings inoculated with Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain ATCC 15834. Additionally, the effects of elicitation with Ag+ ions (15 and 25 µM) were investigated on the growth indices and content of phenolic acids and tanshinones of HRs in a time-course experiment. The findings of this work showed that exposure of HRs to Ag+ at both concentrations caused significant increases in the levels of rosmarinic acid (1.34- to 1.43-fold of control) and salvianolic acid B (1.71- to 1.82-fold of control). Specifically, 7.25-, 7.78-, 6.47-, and 3.9-fold increases were attained in total tanshinone, tanshinone I, tanshinone II-A, and cryptotanshinone contents of HRs, respectively, after seven days of exposure to 25 µM Ag+ ions compared to the control groups. The analysis revealed that exposure to Ag+ ions significantly enhanced the secretion of tanshinones, notably tanshinone II-A (31.49 ± 0.65 µg mL− 1) by HRs into the culture medium. The changes in transcript levels of crucial genes in the biosynthesis pathways of phenolic acids (PAL, TAT, and RAS) and tanshinones (CPS and CYP76AH1) were associated with their contents in HRs under elicitation with Ag+ ions. Our findings confirmed the effectiveness of an elicitation strategy to improve metabolite production in HR cultures of S. aristata as potent natural sources of phenolic acids and tanshinones.
miRNA-193a acts as a tumor suppressor in human head and neck cancer cells and inhibits tumor development in xenograft mice
Authors: Fares Fuad , Miari Reem , Azzam Naiel , Shalom Rinat Bar , Napso Tina , Ronen Ohad 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

miRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules, involved in the regulation of gene expression via binding to messenger RNA (mRNA), thereby preventing protein translation. We found that the promotor region of miR-193a is highly methylated in FaDu head and neck cancer cells, assuming that its expression is suppressed. Moreover, our results indicated that miRNA-193a levels are undetectable in biopsies of head and neck cancer patients. Induction of miR-193a expression by treatment with methyltransferase inhibitor or transduction of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cells with miR-193a resulted in a significant decrease in cell viability in a dose and time-dependent manners, as well as induction of apoptosis through the caspase intrinsic pathway. Moreover, miR-193a also inhibited tumour growth in xenograft mice transplanted with FaDu cells. In addition, we found that miR-193a inactivates the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway through the downregulation of PIK3R3, mTOR, S6KB2, and ERBB4. These observations suggest that miR-193a plays an important role in tumor biogenesis and therefore has the potential to serve for diagnostics as well as therapeutics in HNSCC.
Analysis of the influence of pipe materials on the energy separation effect of vortex tubes
Authors: Han Zhihong , Huang Zhiyuan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The basic objective of studying vortex tubes using CFD simulations is to improve efficiency and performance by selecting the right material for manufacturing vortex tubes under suitable conditions. In this paper, numerical simulations are carried out to analyze the counter flow vortex tube with different materials. Compressed air is used as the work mass with an inlet pressure of 0.1mpa to 0.5mpa and the materials used are copper, aluminum, steel, PVC, and wood. The cold mass fraction was kept at 0.1, and the L/D of the vortex tube was taken as 16. The Standard k-ε model was used to perform steady-state numerical simulations of the gas flow inside the vortex tube, and the trends of velocity, pressure, and temperature variations under different materials, pressures, and roughness conditions were obtained. Finally, after evaluating all the simulated values for the properties of the five materials, depending on their physical properties, the vortex tube as a metallic material has a higher temperature gradient than the non-metallic materials in the order from copper - aluminum - steel - PVC - wood.
Resilience and coping during protracted conflict: A comparative analysis of general and evacuees populations
Authors: Marciano Hadas , Kimhi Shaul , Eshel Yohanan , Adini Bruria 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
On October 7, 2023, Hamas launched a surprise attack on Israel, triggering a conflict with Israel in the Gaza Strip. This ongoing war, now six months old, has also seen threats from Hezbollah in Lebanon, as well as from Yemen and Iran. The precarious security situation along Israel’s southern and northern borders led to extensive evacuations, with residents relocating within Israel under uncertain conditions concerning their return and property safety. This study compares resilience (societal, SR; community, Cr, and individual, IR), hope, morale, distress symptoms (anxiety and depression symptoms), and perceived danger between general Hebrew-speaking adults and evacuee adults a few months post-conflict initiation.
Methods
Data was gathered via structured questionnaires focused on resilience and coping strategies, administered through two online panel companies. The general population data was collected from January 14–21, 2024 (N = 1,360), and the evacuees' data from March 1–9, 2024 (N = 372; 133 from the north, 239 from the south).
Results
Evacuees reported lower SR and CR, hope, and morale, but higher distress symptoms and perceived danger compared to the general population. No differences in IR were found. Regression analyses identified different primary predictor of SR for each group: hope for the general population and governmental support for evacuees. Additionally, IR significantly predicted outcomes only among evacuees, whereas age, religiosity, and education were significant predictors solely in the general population. One notable similarity emerged: CR served as the second most influential predictor in both samples.
Conclusions
The entire population of Israel is affected by the ongoing war, yet evacuees endure a disproportionately severe impact, with potential for increased harm as the conflict persists. The adjustment to a new wartime emergency routine is more complex for evacuees than for the general population. It is crucial for policy and decision-makers to address the distinct differences between evacuees and the general populace to effectively meet their specific needs. Yet, it should be acknowledged that the evacuees represent a heterogenic group, necessitating a detailed subdivision into subgroups to accurately assess and address their unique challenges.