bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electromagnetohydrodynamic (EMHD) flow of Jeffrey fluid through a rough circular microchannel with surface charge–dependent slip
Authors: Li Dongsheng , Dong Jiayin , Li Haibin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis research examines the electromagnetohydrodynamic (EMHD) flow of Jeffrey fluid in a rough circular microchannel while considering the effect of surface charge on slip. The channel wall corrugations are described as periodic sinusoidal waves with small amplitudes. The perturbation method is employed to derive solutions for velocity and volumetric flow rate, and a combination of three‐dimensional (3D) and two‐dimensional (2D) graphical representations is utilized to effectively illustrate the impacts of relevant parameters on them. The significance of the Reynolds number in investigations of EMHD flow is particularly emphasized. Furthermore, the effect of wall roughness and wave number on velocity and the influence of wall roughness and surface charge density on volumetric flow rate are primarily focused on, respectively, at various Reynolds numbers. The results suggest that increasing the wall roughness leads to a reduction in velocity at low Reynolds numbers () and an increment at high Reynolds numbers (). For any Reynolds number, a roughness with an odd multiple of wave number () will result in a more stable velocity profile compared to one with an even multiple of wave number (). Decreasing the relaxation time while increasing the retardation time and Hartmann number can diminish the impact of wall roughness and surface charge density on volumetric flow rate, independent of the Reynolds number. Interestingly, in the existence of wall roughness, further consideration of the effect of surface charge on slip leads to a 15% drop in volumetric flow rate at and a 32% slippage at . However, in the condition where the effect of surface charge on slip is considered, further examination of the presence of wall roughness only results in a 1.4% decline in volumetric flow rate at and a 1.6% rise at . These findings are crucial for optimizing the EMHD flow models in microchannels.
Quantum key distribution (QKD) for wireless networks with software‐defined networking
Authors: Hadi Hayder Sabeeh , Obaid Ahmed J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractNetwork management has been significantly transformed by software‐defined networking (SDN), which consolidates control and improves adaptability. As a result of this paradigm shift, security concerns have emerged concurrently. Within SDN environments, maintaining service path integrity is of utmost importance because malicious entities can exploit network flows to gain access to data, resulting in security breaches. Thus, QKD networks require a management plane that can control and manage the QKD resources. Quantum key distribution networks can be controlled and managed separately by SDN, allowing quantum key forwarding to be separated from their control and management. The paper provides an overview of QKD networks enabled by SDN, along with an overview of its architecture, interfaces, and protocols. This paper elaborates on the overall architecture and related interfaces and protocols of QKD networks assisted by SDN. Then, three important paradigms for simulation are presented using three use cases.
Artificial Intelligence Quantification of Enhanced Synovium Throughout the Entire Hand in Rheumatoid Arthritis on Dynamic Contrast‐Enhanced MRI
Authors: Mao Yijun , Imahori Kiko , Fang Wanxuan , Sugimori Hiroyuki , Kiuch Shinji , Sutherland Kenneth , Kamishima Tamotsu 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundChallenges persist in achieving automatic and efficient inflammation quantification using dynamic contrast‐enhanced (DCE) MRI in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients.PurposeTo investigate an automatic artificial intelligence (AI) approach and an optimized dynamic MRI protocol for quantifying disease activity in RA in whole hands while excluding arterial pixels.Study TypeRetrospective.SubjectsTwelve RA patients underwent DCE‐MRI with 27 phases for creating the AI model and tested on images with a variable number of phases from 35 RA patients.Field Strength/Sequence3.0 T/DCE T1‐weighted gradient echo sequence (mDixon, water image).AssessmentThe model was trained with various DCE‐MRI time‐intensity number of phases. Evaluations were conducted for similarity between AI segmentation and manual outlining in 51 ROIs with synovitis. The relationship between synovial volume via AI segmentation with rheumatoid arthritis magnetic resonance imaging scoring (RAMRIS) across whole hands was then evaluated. The reference standard was determined by an experienced musculoskeletal radiologist.Statistical TestArea under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC), Dice and Spearman's rank correlation coefficients, and interclass correlation coefficient (ICC). A P‐value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsA minimum of 15 phases (acquisition time at least 2.5 minutes) was found to be necessary. AUC ranged from 0.941 ± 0.009 to 0.965 ± 0.009. The Dice score was 0.557–0.615. Spearman's correlation coefficients between the AI model and ground truth were 0.884–0.927 and 0.736–0.831, for joint ROIs and whole hands, respectively. The Spearman's correlation coefficient for the additional test set between the model trained with 15 phases and RAMRIS was 0.768.ConclusionThe AI‐based classification model effectively identified synovitis pixels while excluding arteries. The optimal performance was achieved with at least 15 phases, providing a quantitative assessment of inflammatory activity in RA while minimizing acquisition time.Evidence Level3Technical EfficacyStage 2
TMPRSS13 promotes the cell entry of swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus
Authors: Han Yutong , Ma Yanlong , Wang Ziqiao , Feng Fei , Zhou Ling , Feng Hui , Ma Jingyun , Ye Rong , Zhang Rong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSwine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS‐CoV) has caused severe intestinal diseases in pigs. It originates from bat coronaviruses HKU2 and has a potential risk of cross‐species transmission, raising concerns about its zoonotic potential. Viral entry‐related host factors are critical determinants of susceptibility to cells, tissues, or species, and remain to be elucidated for SADS‐CoV. Type II transmembrane serine proteases (TTSPs) family is involved in many coronavirus infections and has trypsin‐like catalytic activity. Here we examine all 18 members of the TTSPs family through CRISPR‐based activation of endogenous protein expression in cells, and find that, in addition to TMPRSS2 and TMPRSS4, TMPRSS13 significantly facilitates SADS‐CoV infection. This is confirmed by ectopic expression of TMPRSS13, and specific to trypsin‐dependent SADS‐CoV. Infection with pseudovirus bearing SADS‐CoV spike protein indicates that TMPRSS13 acts at the entry step and is sensitive to serine protease inhibitor Camostat. Moreover, both human and pig TMPRSS13 are able to enhance the cell‐cell membrane fusion and cleavage of spike protein. Overall, we demonstrate that TMPRSS13 is another host serine protease promoting the membrane‐fusion entry of SADS‐CoV, which may expand its host tropism by using diverse TTSPs.
Much ado about nothing: Applying Lacan's philosophy in work with anxious clients
Authors: Givens Joel 
Published: May 2024

AbstractExistential‐humanistic counselors attend to the deeper meanings of the anxious client's experience. The author proposes Lacan's psychoanalytic theory as an integrative, humanistic approach that connects the intrapsychic, interpersonal, and developmental aspects of anxious experience. Anxiety is discussed in terms of the client's gap, lack, nothing, or breathing room, the expectations or desires of other people, and the client's disrupted sense of self. Following an application of the approach with a case example, implications for practice and research are provided.
Navigating disenfranchised grief: Women's experiences caring for family with brain injury
Authors: Meixner Cara , O'Donoghue Cynthia R. , Erickson Anne 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA leading cause of disability, brain injury entails long‐term recovery that often necessitates in‐home caregiving provided by a spouse, partner, or parent. Women tend to shoulder such caregiving roles, yet few studies investigate the triumphs and obstacles associated with their lived experiences—including counseling and other supports. Anchored in a constructivist tradition aligned with humanistic principles, we utilized narrative inquiry and grounded theory to explore, via interviews, the experiences of 20 women caregivers to family members with brain injury. Our analyses yielded four intersected categories reinforced by a guiding perspective of disenfranchised grief: (1) experiencing dissonance, (2) navigating ambiguous loss, (3) falling in and out of isolation, and (4) losing and reclaiming personal identity. We discuss counselor education and development, individual therapy and psychoeducation, and group considerations.
Prediction of total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB‐N) in fish meal using a metal‐oxide semiconductor electronic nose based on the VMD‐SSA‐LSTM algorithm
Authors: Li Pei , Li Zhaopeng , Hu Yangting , Huang Shiya , Yu Na , Niu Zhiyou , Wang Zhenhe , Zhou Hua , Sun Xia 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB‐N) is the main indicator for evaluating the freshness of fish meal, and accurate detection and monitoring of TVB‐N is of great significance for the health of animals and humans. Here, to realize fast and accurate identification of TVB‐N, in this article, a self‐developed electronic nose (e‐nose) was used, and the mapping relationship between the gas sensor response characteristic information and TVB‐N value was established to complete the freshness detection.RESULTSThe TVB‐N variation curve was decomposed into seven subsequences with different frequency scales by means of variational mode decomposition (VMD). Each subsequence was modelled using different long short‐term memory (LSTM) models, and finally, the final TVB‐N prediction result was obtained by adding the prediction results based on different frequency components. To improve the performance of the LSTM, the sparrow search algorithm (SSA) was used to optimize the number of hidden units, learning rate and regularization coefficient of LSTM. The prediction results indicated that the high accuracy was obtained by the VMD‐LSTM model optimized by SSA in predicting TVB‐N. The coefficient of determination (R2), the root‐mean‐squared error (RMSE) and relative standard deviation (RSD) between the predicted value and the actual value of TVBN were 0.91, 0.115 and 6.39%.CONCLUSIONSThis method improves the performance of e‐nose in detecting the freshness of fish meal and provides a reference for the quality detection of e‐nose in other materials. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Moth Bean (Vigna aconitifolia) Starch: Properties, Modifications and Applications—A Review
Authors: Dhull Sanju Bala , Rani Jyoti , Rohilla Shashi , Rose Pawan Kumar , Chawla Prince , Kidwai Mohd. Kashif , Chandak Ankita , Bamel Pooja , Kumar Manoj , Kirrolia Anita Singh 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTMoth bean (Vigna aconitifolia) is considered an underutilized legume but has drawn considerable attention to researchers in recent years owing to its good nutritional value, lower glycemic index, and numerous health benefits. Despite the dietary importance of mung bean as well as starch, the starch extraction processes from moth bean seeds remain inadequately understood. This review discusses recent developments in starch extractability, physico‐chemical and structural characteristics, and different food and non‐food application to utilize moth bean as potential starch source. The starch properties depend mainly on its composition (amylose and amylopectin) and branched chains distribution. Moth bean starch (MBS) exhibited around 15% amylose content and a typical C‐type crystalline structure with granules of diverse sizes and shapes. Different studies exhibited a positive correlation among amylose content and different characteristics of MBS including pasting profile, thermal properties, and its cooking quality. The modification of MBS has been done using some chemical treatments for functionality improvement. MBS possesses good techno‐functional properties that can be exploited for different food product development and non‐food applications. Owing to the promising potential exhibited by native and modified MBS, these can be explored as valuable functional ingredients in various food and non‐food products. Finally, an outlook on potential utilization of MBS in the future is given.
Development of fungal biocomposites for construction applications
Authors: Brudny K. , Łach M. , Kozub B. , Korniejenko K. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMycelium materials represent a new class of environmentally friendly materials for structural applications that can grow on low‐cost organic waste while achieving satisfactory thermal or acoustic insulation properties. The aim of this study is to grow a biocomposite of mycelium on flax tows and then use it as a reinforcement with a geopolymer matrix. To achieve this, three species of mycelium were selected, a culture process was carried out, and then samples of the composite were synthesized with a geopolymer matrix. To determine the utility in terms of structural applications, the density, compressive strength, and thermal conductivity of the samples were tested. Scanning electron microscope images were also taken to observe the microstructure. The results indicate that it is possible to produce a mycelium composite with a geopolymer matrix. A lower density was achieved for all samples than for the geopolymer without reinforcement. The coefficient of thermal conductivity was reduced only for the sample with one of the mycelia. The compressive strength for biocomposites was between 12.1 MPa–14.2 MPa, this value is enough for some engineering applications.
Analytical poro‐elastic solution of deep lined tunnels in anisotropic rock with consideration of tunnel face advance
Authors: Tran Nam‐Hung , Do Duc‐Phi , Hoxha Dashnor , Vu Minh‐Ngoc , Nguyen Thi‐Thu‐Nga 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper aims at deriving a closed‐form solution for deep lined tunnels within a saturated anisotropic poro‐elastic medium. The derivation of the solution is carried out with the assumption of plane strain conditions along the tunnel axis, an isotropic elastic liner, a steady‐state flow, and perfect contact between the liner and rock. For this purpose, the complex potential function approach pioneered by Lekhnitskii for the anisotropic elastic body was used to develop the mechanical response of the rock mass. A complex hydraulic potential function is also introduced to solve the steady state fluid flow. Then the well‐known Biot theory is chosen to describe the hydro‐mechanical coupling of the anisotropic saturated rock. The stress and displacement solutions of both the liner and the surrounding rock, considering the tunnel face advance with respect to the considered section, are derived based on the principle of the convergence‐confining method. Comparisons with previous closed‐form solutions for isotropic case and finite element solution for anisotropic case were made to show the accuracy of the current closed form solution. Sensitivity analysis is performed based on this analytical solution to highlight the effect of some rock parameters on the stress and displacement of the liner.
Research on the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites doped with different sizes carbon nanotubes: A combination of experiments, numerical simulations and multi‐objective optimization
Authors: Wang Bing , Li Nan , Liu Zehao , Bao Qingguang , Cheng Shan , Feng Jingyao , Wang Ning , Li Mengting , Wang Zaiyu , Jiang Binlin , Chen Lei , Hong Houquan , Jian Xigao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWhile improving the thermal conductivity of composites, single‐size carbon nanotubes (CNT) often degrade their mechanical properties due to the agglomerates. To overcome this limitation, this study reported thermoplastic resin matrix composites synergistically reinforced with small, medium, and large‐size carbon nanotubes (S‐CNT, M‐CNT, and L‐CNT). Using the thermal conductivity (λ) and mechanical properties (flexural strength [F], compressive strength [C] and tensile strength [T]) as the response values, we conducted 21 sets of mixing design experiments and developed the associated quadratic term models. Further multi‐objective optimization was carried out for the above response values. Optimized multiscale CNT synergistically modified composites (S‐CNT, M‐CNT, and L‐CNT contents of 1.25, 7.02, and 2.56 wt%) exhibited a λ value of 1.168 W/mK, which was 121% higher than that of pure composite and also superior to the same content of S‐CNT‐ (1.031 W/mK), M‐CNT‐ (1.016 W/mK), and L‐CNT‐modified composites (0.983 W/mK). Additionally, the optimized composite demonstrated excellent mechanical properties (F = 1482 MPa, C = 848 MPa, and T = 1759 MPa), which were 13%, 11%, and 13% higher than those of the pure composites, respectively, and also surpassed those of the S‐CNT‐, M‐CNT‐and L‐CNT‐modified composites.Highlights
Using three different scales of carbon nanotubes modified CF/PPBESK composites.
Polynomial modeling of composite's thermal conductivity and mechanical properties.
Synergistic interactions between carbon nanotubes to improve the composite's thermal conductivity and mechanical properties.
Chemometric‐based drug discovery approaches from natural origins using hyphenated chromatographic techniques
Authors: Mahboubifar Marjan , Zidorn Christian , Farag Mohamed A. , Zayed Ahmed , Jassbi Amir Reza 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionIsolation and characterization of bioactive components from complex matrices of marine or terrestrial biological origins are the most challenging issues for natural product chemists. Biochemometric is a new potential scope in natural product analytical science, and it is a methodology to find the compound's correlation to their bioactivity with the help of hyphenated chromatographic techniques and chemometric tools.ObjectivesThe present review aims to evaluate the application of chemometric tools coupled to chromatographic techniques for drug discovery from natural resources.MethodsThe searching keywords “biochemometric,” “chemometric,” “chromatography,” “natural products bioassay,” and “bioassay” were selected to search the published articles between 2010‐2023 using different search engines including “Pubmed”, “Web of Science,” “ScienceDirect,” and “Google scholar.”ResultsAn initial stage in natural product analysis is applying the chromatographic hyphenated techniques in conjunction with biochemometric approaches. Among the applied chromatographic techniques, liquid chromatography (LC) techniques, have taken up more than half (53%) and also, mass spectroscopy (MS)‐based chromatographic techniques such as LC–MS are the most widely used techniques applied in combination with chemometric methods for natural products bioassay. Considering the complexity of dataset achieved from chromatographic hyphenated techniques, chemometric tools have been increasingly employed for phytochemical studies in the context of determining botanicals geographical origin, quality control, and detection of bioactive compounds.ConclusionBiochemometric application is expected to be further improved with advancing in data acquisition methods, new efficient preprocessing, model validation and variable selection methods which would guarantee that the applied model to have good prediction ability in compound relation to its bioactivity.
Thin disks with a wedge
Authors: Speiser Jochen , Lorbeer Raoul‐Amadeus , Schweizer Pirmin , Ewers Benjamin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOver the last decade, multipass thin‐disk amplifiers have allowed astonishing laser properties to be achieved, but one drawback of these systems lies in their size and complexity. We show here an alternative approach with a wedged thin‐disk crystal significantly shrinking and simplifying multipass thin‐disk amplification.
Beam shaping to tackle laser powder bed fusion challenges
Authors: Paillier Gwenn , Prätzsch Niklas 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAdditive manufacturing (AM), a term synonymous with the future of fabrication, has revolutionized industries by offering unparalleled flexibility in design and production. At the heart of this transformative technology is laser‐based powder bed fusion of metals (PBF‐LB/M), the process with the highest geometrical resolution having the largest market share (86 %, Wohlers) amongst all AM processes. By selectively melting and fusing powder material layer by layer with a laser, PBF‐LB/M enables the creation of complex and high‐strength components, previously unthinkable with traditional subtractive manufacturing methods.
Informing future quarantine practices through the experiences of COVID‐19 quarantine facility staff
Authors: Sheedy Angela , Stephens Dianne , Vermeulen Lisa 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe COVID‐19 pandemic necessitated the rapid development of quarantine sites, prompting the need for new staff models and scopes of practice. This project surveyed health and non‐health staff at a large outdoor quarantine facility in regional Australia to gather insights for future quarantine facility guidelines based on their experiences and perceptions.MethodsThis translational research project implemented a mixed‐methods approach to analyse staff perceptions of working at a quarantine facility to inform the development of a policy and practice guide. An anonymous online survey utilising purposive sampling was distributed to 410 multidisciplinary survey participants over an 8‐week period. Survey questions focussed on site processes, challenges and recommendations for future implementation of quarantine services. Qualitative data was thematically analysed with the aid of Leximancer, and a descriptive statistical method was used for quantitative data analysis.ResultsThere were 92 survey respondents from health and non‐health roles; of these, 85% indicated they would work at the quarantine facility again, and 90% agreed residents were well cared for. There was a lack of anxiety of acquiring COVID‐19, with 95% feeling safe from COVID‐19 transmission onsite. Challenges staff identified highlighted future investment areas, including leadership communication models, information technology (IT) management systems specific for quarantine services and site processes to better accommodate weather elements.ConclusionOverall, staff validated the primary health model of quarantine care with key challenges highlighting the importance of leadership and investment in communication and IT. The results were aligned with site functions and operations and will inform the development of a pandemic quarantine facility guide.