bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The −1541 C>T and +4259 G>T of TIM‐3 polymorphisms are associated with rheumatoid arthritis susceptibility in a Chinese Hui population
Authors: Xu J. , Yang Y. , Liu X. , Wang Y. 
Published: October 2011

SummaryThe T‐cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (TIM‐3) has been shown to be associated with susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this study, we investigated the association of four single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the TIM‐3 gene with RA susceptibility in Chinese Hui and Han groups. Using restriction fragment length or sequence‐specific primer–polymerase chain reaction (PCR), patients with RA and nonarthritis control individuals from these two ethnicities were analysed for SNPs of −1541 C>T, −882 T>C, −574 T>G and +4259 G>T, in the TIM‐3 gene. Our results demonstrated that the polymorphisms of +4259 G>T SNP of TIM‐3 gene was associated with the RA susceptibility in both the Hui (P < 0.01) and Han populations (P < 0.05). However, the −1541 C>T and −574 T>G SNPs were distinctly associated with RA for the Hui and Han populations, respectively. In addition, haplotype analysis found no statistically differences in the distribution of nine detected haplotype frequency between patients with RA and controls in this study (P > 0.05). These findings suggest that polymorphism of +4259 G>T in TIM‐3 gene may be one of the most important genetic factors associated with the RA susceptibility among different populations, and genetic variations of TIM‐3 gene contribute to RA susceptibility among different populations.
IL‐6 regulates exercise and training‐induced adaptations in subcutaneous adipose tissue in mice
Authors: Brandt C. , Jakobsen A. H. , Adser H. , Olesen J. , Iversen N. , Kristensen J. M. , Hojman P. , Wojtaszewski J. F. P. , Hidalgo J. , Pilegaard H. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAim:  The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that IL‐6 regulates exercise‐induced gene responses in subcutaneous adipose tissue in mice.Methods:  Four‐month‐old male IL‐6 whole body knockout (KO) mice and C57B wild‐type (WT) mice performed 1 h of treadmill exercise, where subcutaneous adipose tissue (AT) was removed either immediately after, 4 h or 10 h after exercise as well as from mice not running acutely. Moreover, AT was sampled at resting conditions after 5 weeks of exercise training.Results:  AT leptin mRNA decreased immediately after a single running exercise bout in both genotypes and returned to baseline within 10 h of recovery in IL‐6 KO mice, but not WT mice. Leptin mRNA content decreased in WT and increased in IL‐6 KO mice with training, but without significant alterations in leptin protein. Acute exercise induced a decrease in the AT TNFα mRNA content in WT, but not in IL‐6‐KO mice, while training lowered resting levels of TNFα mRNA in both genotypes. In addition, an exercise‐induced decline in AT PPARγ mRNA content was absent in IL‐6 KO mice and in line training increased PPARγ mRNA only in IL‐6 KO mice.Conclusion:  The present findings indicate a role of IL‐6 in regulating exercise‐ and training‐induced leptin and PPARγ expression in adipose tissue. In addition, while IL‐6 is required for TNF‐α mRNA reduction in response to acute exercise, IL‐6 does not appear to be mandatory for anti‐inflammatory effects of exercise training in adipose tissue.
Angiotensinogen gene haplotype is associated with the prevalence of Japanese non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis
Authors: Ono Masafumi , Ochi Tsunehiro , Munekage Kensuke , Ogasawara Mitsunari , Hirose Akira , Nozaki Yasuko , Takahashi Masaya , Okamoto Nobuto , Saibara Toshiji 
Published: October 2011

Aim:  Non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) patients frequently have hypertension, which is considered to be an important predictive factor for the subsequent development of hepatic fibrosis. The renin‐angiotensin system is also known to contribute to the progression of NASH. Various types of functional single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) involved in the development of NASH have been proposed. Angiotensinogen (AGT) gene SNPs related to cardiovascular diseases have been reported. We aimed to evaluate the involvement of the AGT gene haplotype in Japanese NASH patients.Methods:  Previously described genotypes of SNPs of the AGT gene, rs4762 C/T polymorphism (T207M), rs699 C/T polymorphism (T268M), and rs7079 C/A polymorphism (C11537A), were determined in 124 Japanese biopsy‐proven NASH patients and 150 healthy volunteers (controls).Results:  The allele and genotype frequencies in rs4762 and rs699 SNPs in NASH patients were similar to those in controls, while the frequency of the A allele and A/‐ genotype in rs7079 SNPs were much higher in NASH patients than in controls. In addition, the 3‐SNP haplotype CTA was significantly over‐represented in NASH patients compared with controls. Regarding clinical features of NASH patients, diastolic blood pressures in patients with the CTA/‐ genotype were much higher than in patients with other genotypes.Conclusions:  We found a 3‐SNP haplotype of the AGT gene that is involved in the development of NASH and influences hypertension in NASH patients. These results provide new insight into the therapy of NASH patients with the CTA haplotype using ACE inhibitors or angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers.
Liraglutide is effective in type 2 diabetic patients with sustained endogenous insulin‐secreting capacity
Authors: Kozawa Junji , Inoue Kana , Iwamoto Ryuya , Kurashiki Yukiko , Okauchi Yukiyoshi , Kashine Susumu , Kitamura Tetsuhiro , Maeda Norikazu , Okita Kohei , Iwahashi Hiromi , Funahashi Tohru , Imagawa Akihisa , Shimomura Iichiro 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAims/Introduction:  Recently, glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) receptor agonists of liraglutide have become available in Japan. It has not yet been clarified what clinical parameters could discriminate liraglutide‐effective patients from liraglutide‐ineffective patients.Materials and Methods:  We reviewed 23 consecutive patients with type 2 diabetes admitted to Osaka University Hospital for glycemic control. All of the patients were treated with diet plus insulin (or plus oral antidiabetic drugs) to improve fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and postprandial glucose below 150 and 200 mg/dL, respectively. After insulin secretion and insulin resistance were evaluated, insulin was replaced by liraglutide. The efficacy of liraglutide was determined according to whether glycemic control was maintained at the target levels.Results:  Liraglutide was effective in 13 of 23 patients. There were significant differences in the parameters of insulin secretion, including fasting C‐peptide (F‐CPR), C‐peptide index (CPI), insulinogenic index (I.I.) and urine C‐peptide (U‐CPR), between liraglutide‐effective and ‐ineffective patients. The duration of diabetes was significantly shorter in liraglutide‐effective patients than in liraglutide‐ineffective patients. In receiver operating characteristic analyses, the cut‐off value for predicting the efficacy of liraglutide was 0.14 for I.I., 1.1 for CPI, 1.5 ng/mL for F‐CPR, 33.3 μg/day for U‐CPR and 19.5 years for duration of type 2 diabetes.Conclusions:  Insulin secretion evaluated by F‐CPR, CPI, I.I., U‐CPR and the duration of type 2 diabetes were useful parameters for predicting the efficacy of liraglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes. (J Diabetes Invest, doi: 10.1111/j.2040‐1124.2011.00168.x, 2011)
Effects of 20-hydroxyecdysone, Leuzea carthamoides extracts, dexamethasone and their combinations on the NF-κB activation in HeLa cells
Authors: Peschel Wieland , Kump Alfred , Prieto José Maria 
Published: October 2011

Abstract

Objectives
The plant steroid 20-hydroxyecdysterone (20E) and 20E-containing extracts from Leuzea carthamoides (Willd.) DC are sold with claims of anabolic and immunomodulatory effects. Yet their effect on the activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), a key player in immune response and cell fate, and their influence on the NF-κB-inhibiting activity of steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is still unknown.

Methods
The ability of 20E, Leuzea extracts and selected steroidal/non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to influence the activation of NF-κB was explored using, as the experimental model, human cervical cancer HeLa-IL-6 cells stably transfected with an IL-6-bound reporter gene. Effects on cell viability and proliferation were monitored (MTT assay). HPLC-DAD was used to establish links between chemical patterns of Leuzea extracts and their bioactivities.

Key findings
20E inhibited NF-κB activation (IC50 31.8 µm) but was less active than other plant metabolites (xanthohumol 3.8 µm, withaferin A 1.4 µm). Leuzea extracts with high content in 20E had a fair activating effect, but in contrast, some extracts with low 20E content significantly inhibited NF-κB activation at IC50s ranging from 3.5 to 6.2 µg/ml. Combination tests confirmed that 20E does not explain the NF-κB modulation achieved by Leuzea extracts. The extracts but not 20E itself showed a significant modulation of the NF-κB inhibitory effect of dexamethasone.

Conclusions
20E is unlikely a major player in the NF-κB inhibitory effects displayed by some Leuzea extracts in vitro. If confirmed in vivo, caution should prevail towards marketed Leuzea extracts that are non-standardised or standardised on 20E only, since different starting materials and extracts may even cause opposite effects. More importantly, our results indicate the interaction potential of Leuzea with steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
CPUYJ039, a newly synthesized benzimidazole-based compound, is proved to be a novel inducer of apoptosis in HCT116 cells with potent KSP inhibitory activity
Authors: Jiang Cheng , Yang Lei , Wu Wu-Tong , Guo Qing-Long , You Qi-Dong 
Published: October 2011

Abstract

Objectives
This study investigated the antiproliferative and apoptotic activities of CPUYJ039, a newly synthesized benzimidazole-based kinesin spindle protein (KSP) inhibitor, on HCT116 cell lines.

Methods
KSP-inhibitory activity was tested using the malachite-green method. The in-vitro cell proliferation inhibitory activity of the sample was measured using WST reagent. Flow-cytometric evaluation of cellular DNA content was performed. Apoptotic cells were quantified by annexin V-FITC-PI double staining. To confirm that the cytotoxic activity was a consequence of KSP inhibition, microtubule morphology and DNA segregation were observed by double staining of microtubules and DNA. The expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in CPUYJ039-treated HCT116 cells was detected by Western blotting.

Key findings
CPUYJ039 was evaluated and proved to have potent inhibitory activities in the KSP ATPase and HCT116 cell proliferation assays. CPUYJ039 inhibited the proliferation of HCT116 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner and markedly induced G2/M phase cell-cycle arrest with characteristic monoastral spindles and subsequent cell death in HCT116 cells, which was associated with an increase of the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio.

Conclusions
These results suggest that CPUYJ039 may be a novel inducer of apoptosis in HCT116 cells with potent KSP inhibitory activity.
Genome Sequence of Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae Strain M1601
Authors: Chu Yuefeng , Gao Pengchen , Zhao Ping , He Ying , Liao Nancy , Jackman Shaun , Zhao Yongjun , Birol Inanc , Duan Xiaobo , Lu Zhongxin 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACT

Mycoplasma capricolum
subsp.
capripneumoniae
is the causative agent of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia, a devastating disease of goats listed by the World Organization for Animal Health. Here we report the first complete genome sequence of this organism (strain M1601, a clinically isolated strain from China).
Genome Sequence of Desulfosporosinus sp. OT, an Acidophilic Sulfate-Reducing Bacterium from Copper Mining Waste in Norilsk, Northern Siberia
Authors: Abicht Helge K. , Mancini Stefano , Karnachuk Olga V. , Solioz Marc 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACT

We have sequenced the genome of
Desulfosporosinus
sp. OT, a Gram-positive, acidophilic sulfate-reducing Firmicute isolated from copper tailing sediment in the Norilsk mining-smelting area in Northern Siberia, Russia. This represents the first sequenced genome of a
Desulfosporosinus
species. The genome has a size of 5.7 Mb and encodes 6,222 putative proteins.
Genome Sequence of Leuconostoc carnosum KCTC 3525
Authors: Nam Seong-Hyeuk , Kim Aeri , Choi Sang-Haeng , Kang Aram , Kim Dong-Wook , Kim Ryong Nam , Kim Dae-Soo , Park Hong-Seog 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACT

We announce the draft genome sequence of the type strain
Leuconostoc carnosum
KCTC 3525 (3,234,408 bp with a G+C content of 40.9%), one of the most prevalent lactic acid bacteria present during the manufacturing process of vacuum-packaged meats, which consists of 2,407 large contigs (>500 bp in size). The genome sequence was obtained by a whole-genome shotgun strategy using Roche 454 GS (FLX Titanium) pyrosequencing, and all of the reads were assembled using Newbler Assembler 2.3.
Genome Sequence of Corynebacterium glutamicum S9114, a Strain for Industrial Production of Glutamate
Authors: Lv Yangyong , Wu Zhanhong , Han Shuangyan , Lin Ying , Zheng Suiping 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACT

Here we report the genome sequence of
Corynebacterium glutamicum
S9114, an industrial producer widely used in production of glutamate in China. Preliminary comparison with the sequences of the
Corynebacterium glutamicum
strains ATCC 13032 and R revealed some notable mutagenesis that might be related to the high yield of glutamate.
Satellite RNA-Derived Small Interfering RNA satsiR-12 Targeting the 3′ Untranslated Region of Cucumber Mosaic Virus Triggers Viral RNAs for Degradation
Authors: Zhu Hui , Duan Cheng-Guo , Hou Wei-Na , Du Quan-Sheng , Lv Dian-Qiu , Fang Rong-Xiang , Guo Hui-Shan 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACT

RNA silencing provides protection against RNA viruses by targeting both the helper virus and its satellite RNA (satRNA). Virus-derived small interfering RNAs (vsiRNAs) bound with Argonaute (AGO) proteins are presumed participants in the silencing process. Here, we show that a vsiRNA targeted to virus RNAs triggers the host RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 6 (RDR6)-mediated degradation of viral RNAs. We confirmed that satRNA-derived small interfering RNAs (satsiRNAs) could be associated with different AGO proteins
in planta
. The most frequently cloned satsiRNA, satsiR-12, was predicted to imperfectly match to
Cucumber mosaic virus
(CMV) RNAs in the upstream area of the 3′ untranslated region (3′ UTR). Moreover, an artificial satsiR-12 (asatsiR-12) mediated cleavage of a green fluorescent protein (GFP) sensor construct harboring the satsiR-12 target site. asatsiR-12 also mediated reduction of viral RNAs in 2b-deficient CMV (CMVΔ2b)-infected
Nicotiana
benthamiana
. The reduction was not observed in CMVΔ2b-infected RDR6i plants, in which RDR6 was silenced. Following infection with 2b-containing CMV, the reduction in viral RNAs was not observed in plants of either genotype, indicating that the asatsiR-12-mediated reduction of viral RNAs in the presence of RDR6 was inhibited by the 2b protein. Our results suggest that satsiR-12 targeting the 3′ UTR of CMV RNAs triggered RDR6-dependent antiviral silencing. Competition experiments with wild-type CMV RNAs and anti-satsiR-12 mutant RNA1 in the presence of 2b and satRNA demonstrate the inhibitory effect of the 2b protein on the satsiR-12-related degradation of CMV RNAs, revealing a substantial suppressor function of the 2b protein in native CMV infection. Our data provide evidence for the important biological functions of satsiRNAs in homeostatic interactions among the host, virus, and satRNA in the final outcome of viral infection.
The Sociomicrobiology of Antivirulence Drug Resistance: a Proof of Concept
Authors: Mellbye Brett , Schuster Martin 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACT

Antivirulence drugs disarm rather than kill pathogens and are thought to alleviate the problem of resistance, although there is no evidence to support this notion. Quorum sensing (QS) often controls cooperative virulence factor production and is therefore an attractive antivirulence target, for which inhibitors (QSI) have been developed. We designed a proof-of-principle experiment to investigate the impact of bacterial social interactions on the evolution of QSI resistance. We cocultured
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
QS-deficient mutants with small proportions of the QS-proficient wild type, which in the absence of QSI mimic QSI-sensitive and -resistant variants, respectively. We employed two different QS-dependent nutrients that are degraded by extracellular (public) and cell-associated (private) enzymes. QS mutants (QSI-sensitive mimics) behaved as social cheaters that delayed population growth and prevented enrichment of wild-type cooperators (QSI-resistant mimics) only when nutrient acquisition was public, suggesting that QSI resistance would not spread. This highlights the potential for antivirulence strategies that target cooperative behaviors and provides a conceptual framework for future studies.
New Antibody Weapons against an Old Foe
Authors: Benach Jorge L. 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACT Antibodies have been used in a diagnostic capacity for many diseases and for identifying serotypes within single species of pathogens, notably between the multiple capsular polysaccharide serotypes ofStreptococcus pneumoniae. For many years, the functions of antibodies in infection were thought to be limited to the opsonization of microorganisms followed by phagocytosis and to the fixing of complement. The thought that antibodies could have other functions has emerged only recently. The study by Yano and coworkers from the laboratory of Liise-anne Pirofski published inmBio[M. Yano, S. Gohil, J. R. Coleman, C. Manix, and L.-A. Pirofski, mBio 2(5):e00176-11, 2011] identifies one mechanism whereby nonopsonic antibodies enhance the transformation competence of twoS. pneumoniaeserotypes, which leads to an increase in genetic exchange and bacterial variability with a resulting population reduction through fratricide. These new and revealing antibody functions will add another chapter to the burgeoning story of the diversity and versatility of the immune response to bacteria.
Fluid inclusion and stable isotope constraints on the origin of Wernecke Breccia and associated iron oxide – copper – gold mineralization, Yukon
Authors: Hunt Julie A. , Baker Tim , Cleverley James , Davidson Garry J. , Fallick Anthony E. , Thorkelson Derek J. 
Published: October 2011

Iron oxide – Cu ± Au ± U ± Co (IOCG) mineralization is associated with numerous Proterozoic breccia bodies, collectively known as Wernecke Breccia, in Yukon Territory, Canada. Multiphase breccia zones occur in areas underlain by Paleoproterozoic Wernecke Supergroup metasedimentary rocks and are associated with widespread sodic, potassic, and carbonate alteration assemblages. Fluid inclusion data indicate syn-breccia fluids were hot (185–350 °C) saline (24–42 wt.% NaCl equivalent) NaCl–CaCl2–H2O brines. Estimates of fluid pressure vary from 0.4 to 2.4 kbar (1 kbar = 100 MPa). Carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions of breccia-related carbonates range from ~–11‰ to +1.5‰ (Pee Dee belemnite (PDB)) and –2‰ to 20‰ (Vienna standard mean ocean water (V-SMOW); δ18Owater ~–8‰ to +15‰), respectively. δ13C and δ18O values for host Wernecke Supergroup limestone/dolostone vary from ~–2‰ to 1.6‰ and 12‰ to 25‰, respectively. Sulfur isotopic compositions of hydrothermal sulfides and sulfate vary from ~–12‰ to +13‰ and +8‰ to +17‰ (Cañon Diablo Troilite (CDT)), respectively. Syn-breccia biotite, muscovite, and actinolite have δD and δ18O values of ~–141‰ to –18‰ and +7‰ to +12‰ (V-SMOW; δ18Owater ~7‰ to 11‰), respectively. The Wernecke Breccias and the associated IOCG mineralization appear to have formed from largely nonmagmatic fluids — based on isotopic, fluid inclusion, and geological data. The emerging hypothesis is that periodic overpressuring of dominantly formational/metamorphic water led to repeated brecciation and mineral precipitation. The weight of overlying sedimentary rocks led to elevated fluid temperatures and pressures; fluid flow may have been driven by tectonics and (or) gravity with metals scavenged from host strata.
Metabolomic Profiling Reveals Potential Markers and Bioprocesses Altered in Bladder Cancer Progression
Authors: Putluri Nagireddy , Shojaie Ali , Vasu Vihas T. , Vareed Shaiju K. , Nalluri Srilatha , Putluri Vasanta , Thangjam Gagan Singh , Panzitt Katrin , Tallman Christopher T. , Butler Charles , Sana Theodore R. , Fischer Steven M. , Sica Gabriel , Brat Daniel J. , Shi Huidong , Palapattu Ganesh S. , Lotan Yair , Weizer Alon Z. , Terris Martha K. , Shariat Shahrokh F. , Michailidis George , Sreekumar Arun 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
Although alterations in xenobiotic metabolism are considered causal in the development of bladder cancer, the precise mechanisms involved are poorly understood. In this study, we used high-throughput mass spectrometry to measure over 2,000 compounds in 58 clinical specimens, identifying 35 metabolites which exhibited significant changes in bladder cancer. This metabolic signature distinguished both normal and benign bladder from bladder cancer. Exploratory analyses of this metabolomic signature in urine showed promise in distinguishing bladder cancer from controls and also nonmuscle from muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Subsequent enrichment-based bioprocess mapping revealed alterations in phase I/II metabolism and suggested a possible role for DNA methylation in perturbing xenobiotic metabolism in bladder cancer. In particular, we validated tumor-associated hypermethylation in the cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) and cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) promoters of bladder cancer tissues by bisulfite sequence analysis and methylation-specific PCR and also by in vitro treatment of T-24 bladder cancer cell line with the DNA demethylating agent 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine. Furthermore, we showed that expression of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 was reduced significantly in an independent cohort of bladder cancer specimens compared with matched benign adjacent tissues. In summary, our findings identified candidate diagnostic and prognostic markers and highlighted mechanisms associated with the silencing of xenobiotic metabolism. The metabolomic signature we describe offers potential as a urinary biomarker for early detection and staging of bladder cancer, highlighting the utility of evaluating metabolomic profiles of cancer to gain insights into bioprocesses perturbed during tumor development and progression. Cancer Res; 71(24); 7376–86. ©2011 AACR.