bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Baitouweng decoction alleviates ulcerative colitis by regulating tryptophan metabolism through DOPA decarboxylase promotion
Authors: Zhang Junzhi , Lin Binyan , Zhang Ying , Hu Xiaochao , Liu Tongtong , Liu E-Hu , Liu Shijia 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundBaitouweng decoction (BTW) is a classic botanical drugs formula that has been widely used clinically for the treatment of gut-related disorders in China. However, its role in ameliorating ulcerative colitis (UC) remains to be explored.PurposeThe study aimed to determine the therapeutic efficacy and potential mechanism of action of BTW on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mice.MethodsIn vivo: 3.5% DSS-induced experimental colitis mice were treated with BTW (Pulsatilla chinensis (Bunge) Regel, Phellodendron chinense C. K. Schneid, Coptis chinensis Franch and Fraxinus chinensis Roxb), kynurenine or DOPA decarboxylase (DDC) inhibitor (carbidopa). In vitro: Caco-2 cells were stimulated with TNF-α to activate inflammation and later treated with various concentrations of BTW and carbidopa. Model evaluation included body weight, disease activity index (DAI) score, colon length and histopathology. Cytokine levels were measured by flow cytometry. Protein levels were analyzed by proteomics and functionally annotated. The levels of tryptophan metabolites in mouse serum and colon were detected by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Alcian Blue/Phosphate Acid Schiff (AB/PAS) staining, immunohistochemistry and western blot were used to assess the intestinal barrier function and detect the protein expression levels.ResultsBTW significantly reduced the DAI, ameliorated colonic injury and regulated inflammatory cytokines in DSS-induced colitis mice. The botanical drugs formula also promoted intestinal epithelial barrier repair by enhancing the expression of the tight junction (TJ) proteins. Tryptophan metabolic signaling pathway was significantly enriched in DSS-induced UC mice, and BTW decreased the level of kynurenine, increased indole metabolites. The therapeutic effect of BTW was evidently reduced when kynurenine was given to mice. Also, BTW promoted DDC protein expression and activated the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR)/IL-22 signaling pathway.ConclusionBTW improves ulcerative colitis by promoting DDC expression, regulating the conversion of tryptophan metabolism from the kynurenine pathway to the indole metabolism pathway, thereby modulating tryptophan metabolism to increase indole metabolites, and activating AHR receptors to restore intestinal barrier function.
Exploring the mechanisms driving elderly Fintech engagement: the role of social influence and the elderly’s digital literacy
Authors: Mei Yi 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the elderly digital engagement (acceptance and utilization of technology), with a focus on the widespread application of financial technology: mobile banking (m-banking).MethodsGuided by social influence theory, the research examines the various social dynamics that encourage elderly engagement with m-banking and the moderating effects of their digital literacy. Data was gathered online utilizing a disjunctive approach and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM).ResultsThe study reveals that both word-of-mouths (WOMs) and peer engagement significantly influence the elderly’s perceived usefulness of the platform, thereby influencing their m-banking engagement. Additionally, the level of digital literacy among older adults was found to impact their perceived usefulness of m-banking services. Interestingly, digital literacy among older adults negatively moderates the positive associations of WOMs and peer engagement on perceived usefulness.DiscussionThese insights advance our understanding of how social interactions can steer technological engagement, particularly for the silver generation with diverse levels of digital literacy. As society ages and becomes increasingly digitized, it is imperative to promote digital engagement among the elderly and foster a more inclusive digital environment.
REALITIES in health disparities: Researching Evidence-based Alternatives in Living, Imaginative, Traumatised, Integrated, Embodied Systems
Authors: de Andrade Marisa ,   and The REALITIES Consortium
Published: June 2024

IntroductionUnder the backdrop of pervasive health inequalities, public health professionals, researchers and non-academic partners in the United Kingdom are mobilising to understand how and in what ways community assets can address health disparities at scale in complex systems. While there is recognition that cultural, natural and community resources can improve health outcomes, these are unequally dispersed with lack of integration in communities and health and social care systems. Researching Evidence-based Alternatives in Living, Imaginative, Traumatised, Integrated, Embodied Systems (REALITIES) is a participatory action research Scottish consortium of 57 with established community asset hubs in five localities with strong relationships uniting conflicting ways of seeing the world. Our collective of lived and felt experience community members, community-embedded researchers, academics and non-academics draws upon a variety of practices, methods, datasets and philosophies to expand existing approaches to tackling health inequalities.MethodsWe present conceptual and theoretical underpinnings for our co-produced systems-level model and empirical findings from testing REALITIES across three disadvantaged localities (November 2022, ongoing). After explaining the context that led to the development of the new scalable REALITIES model for integrated public systems to interface with ‘assets’, we detail philosophical pillars and guiding principles for our model and how we applied these mechanisms to explain how integrated partnership working can lead to improved health outcomes across multiple public systems.ResultsWe present a meta-analysis from co-producing and testing the model, showing how measuring change in complex public systems involves critical investigation of People, Process, Place, Price, Power and Purpose. Our critique reflects on power imbalances and inequities in Research-practice-Policy (RPP) partnerships and suggestions for how to nurture healthy ecosystems: overcoming barriers and enabling participation; reflecting on challenges of scaling up, testability and complexity of RPP partnerships; moving from siloed learning to transdisciplinary collaboration in practice; ensuring knowledge exchange has direct impact on communities and frontline practitioners; embedding relational ethics and safeguarding into daily practice.DiscussionWe propose the REALITIES model to unite alternative, sometimes conflicting, ways of thinking about public systems and community assets by continuously reflecting on entanglements between different assumptions about knowledge, reality, evidence, and unnecessary binaries between creative methodologies and scientific method.
Harnessing Health Information Technology in Domestic Violence in the United States: A Scoping Review
Authors: Hui Vivian , Zhang Bohan , Jeon Bomin , Wong Kwan Ching Arkers , Klem Mary Lou , Lee Young Ji 
Published: June 2024

ObjectivesThe following scoping review aims to identify and map the existing evidence for HIT interventions among women with DV experiences in the United States. And provide guidance for future research, and facilitate clinical and technical applications for healthcare professionals.MethodsFive databases, PubMed, EBSCOhost CINAHL, Ovid APA PsycINFO, Scopus and Google Scholar, were searched from date of inception to May 2023. Reviewers extracted classification of the intervention, descriptive details, and intervention outcomes, including physical safety, psychological, and technical outcomes, based on representations in the included studies.ResultsA total of 24 studies were included, identifying seven web-based interventions and four types of abuse. A total of five studies reported safety outcomes related to physical health. Three studies reported depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder as psychological health outcomes. The effectiveness of technology interventions was assessed in eight studies.ConclusionDomestic violence is a major public health issue, and research has demonstrated the tremendous potential of health information technology, the use of which can support individuals, families, and communities of domestic violence survivors.
Identification of Fusarium spp. Associated with Chickpea Root Rot in Montana
Authors: Moparthi Swarnalatha , Perez-Hernandez Oscar , Burrows Mary Eileen , Bradshaw Michael J. , Bugingo Collins , Brelsford Monica , McPhee Kevin 
Published: June 2024

Root rot caused by Fusarium spp. is a significant issue in the chickpea-growing regions of Montana. The specific Fusarium species responsible for the disease and their prevalence remain uncertain. A survey was conducted in 2020 and 2021 to identify Montana’s Fusarium species associated with chickpea. Four hundred and twenty-six Fusarium isolates were recovered from symptomatic chickpea roots across ten counties in the state. Isolates were identified by comparing translation elongation factor 1-α (TEF1-α) sequences in the FUSARIUM-ID database. Among the recovered isolates, Fusarium oxysporum was the most prevalent species (33%), followed by F. acuminatum (21%), F. avenaceum (15%), F. redolens (14%), F. culmorum (6%), F. sporotrichioides (6%), Neocosmospora solani (6%), F. equiseti (2%), F. torulosum (0.9%), F. gamsii (0.8%), F. proliferatum (0.2%), F. pseudograminearum (0.2%), and F. brachygibbosum (0.1%). The aggressiveness of a subset of 51 isolates representing various Fusarium spp. was tested on chickpea cv. ‘CDC Frontier’. A non-parametric variance analysis conducted on disease severity ranks indicated that F. avenaceum isolates were highly aggressive. This study reports for the first time that F. gamsii, F. proliferatum and F. brachygibbosum are causal agents of root rot in chickpea in the United States. This knowledge is invaluable for making informed decisions regarding crop rotation, disease management, and developing resistant chickpea varieties against economically significant Fusarium pathogens.
Robinsoniella peoriensis Infections in Humans—A Narrative Review
Authors: Ioannou Petros , Baliou Stella , Kofteridis Diamantis 
Published: June 2024

Robinsoniella peoriensis is a Gram-positive, strictly anaerobic, spore-forming, rod-shaped bacterium belonging to the phylum Firmicutes and the family Lachnospiraceae. Until now, R. peoriensis is the only species of its genus. It was first isolated in 2003 during a study into the flora of lagoons and manure pits. Given the rarity of this microorganism and the sparse information in the literature about its way of transmission, the way to diagnose its infections and identify it in the microbiology laboratory, and its public health relevance, the present study aimed to identify all the published cases of Robinsoniella, describe the epidemiological, clinical, and microbiological characteristics, and provide information about its antimicrobial resistance, treatment, and outcomes. A narrative review was performed based on a Pubmed/Medline and Scopus databases search. In total, 14 studies provided data on 17 patients with infections by Robinsoniella. The median age of patients was 63 years and 47% were male. The most common types of infection were bone and joint infections, bacteremia, infective endocarditis, and peritonitis. The only isolated species was R. peoriensis, and antimicrobial resistance to clindamycin was 50%, but was 0% to the combination of piperacillin with tazobactam, aminopenicillin with a beta-lactamase inhibitor, and metronidazole which were the most commonly used antimicrobials for the treatment of these infections. The overall mortality depends on the type of infection and is notable only for bacteremia, while all other infections had an optimal outcome. Future studies should better assess these infections’ clinical and epidemiological characteristics and the mechanisms of the antimicrobial resistance of this microorganism from a mechanistic and genetic perspective.
SGST-YOLOv8: An Improved Lightweight YOLOv8 for Real-Time Target Detection for Campus Surveillance
Authors: Cheng Gang , Chao Peizhi , Yang Jie , Ding Huan 
Published: June 2024

Real-time target detection plays an important role in campus intelligent surveillance systems. This paper introduces Soft-NMS, GSConv, Triplet Attention, and other advanced technologies to propose a lightweight pedestrian and vehicle detection model named SGST-YOLOv8. In this paper, the improved YOLOv8 model is trained on the self-made dataset, and the tracking algorithm is combined to achieve an accurate and efficient real-time pedestrian and vehicle tracking detection system. The improved model achieved an accuracy of 88.6%, which is 1.2% higher than the baseline model YOLOv8. Additionally, the mAP0.5:0.95 increased by 3.2%. The model parameters and GFLOPS reduced by 5.6% and 7.9%, respectively. In addition, this study also employed the improved YOLOv8 model combined with the bot sort tracking algorithm on the website for actual detection. The results showed that the improved model achieves higher FPS than the baseline YOLOv8 model when detecting the same scenes, with an average increase of 3–5 frames per second. The above results verify the effectiveness of the improved model for real-time target detection in complex environments.
High Strain Rate Response of Sandstones with Different Porosity under Dynamic Loading Using Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB)
Authors: Stopka Grzegorz , Gieleta Roman , Panowicz Robert , Wałach Daniel , Kaczmarczyk Grzegorz Piotr 
Published: June 2024

This article presents the results of dynamic tests of sandstone samples differing in strength parameters and porosity, which were carried out with the use of the split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB). For this study, three types of sandstones were considered: two from the region of India (Kandla Grey and Apricot Pink) and one from Central Europe (Barwald). The strength parameters of the samples were identified in static tests (UCS, BTS tests), whereas the porosity was measured using computed tomography. The performed scanning allowed the volume of the pores and their distribution in the samples to be identified. Dynamic tests involved loading the cylindrical samples with a diameter of 23 m in the range of high strain rates, i.e., ε˙ = 102 ÷ 103/s, using the SHPB (split Hopkinson pressure bar) method. Samples with three different values of slenderness were used for testing (L/D = 1, 0.75 and 0.5). Based on the dynamic characteristics of the samples, the maximum dynamic stresses, Dynamic Increase Factor (DIF) and the amount of energy absorbed by the samples were determined. The conducted research indicates a significant impact of material porosity on the amount of dissipated energy under conditions of high strain rates. The research indicates that the values of this parameter for Apricot Pink and Kandla Grey sandstones (slenderness L/D = ¾ and L/D = ½) are similar, although the uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) of Kandla Grey sandstone is approximately 60% higher than that of Apricot Pink sandstone. As a result of the sample destruction process, various forms of sample destruction were obtained. The performed grain analysis indicates a significant increase in the smallest fraction (<0.5 mm) in the case of the sandstone with the highest porosity (Apricot Pink—55% of mass outcome) in comparison to the sandstone with the lowest porosity (Kandla Grey—12% of mass outcome).
Rapid, Point-of-Care Microwave Lysis and Electrochemical Detection of Clostridioides difficile Directly from Stool Samples
Authors: Joshi Lovleen Tina , Brousseau Emmanuel , Morris Trefor , Lees Jonathan , Porch Adrian , Baillie Les 
Published: June 2024

The rapid detection of the spore form of Clostridioides difficile has remained a challenge for clinicians. To address this, we have developed a novel, precise, microwave-enhanced approach for near-spontaneous release of DNA from C. difficile spores via a bespoke microwave lysis platform. C. difficile spores were microwave-irradiated for 5 s in a pulsed microwave electric field at 2.45 GHz to lyse the spore and bacteria in each sample, which was then added to a screen-printed electrode and electrochemical DNA biosensor assay system to identify presence of the pathogen’s two toxin genes. The microwave lysis method released both single-stranded and double-stranded genome DNA from the bacterium at quantifiable concentrations between 0.02 μg/mL to 250 μg/mL allowing for subsequent downstream detection in the biosensor. The electrochemical bench-top system comprises of oligonucleotide probes specific to conserved regions within tcdA and tcdB toxin genes of C. difficile and was able to detect 800 spores of C. difficile within 300 µL of unprocessed human stool samples in under 10 min. These results demonstrate the feasibility of using a solid-state power generated, pulsed microwave electric field to lyse and release DNA from human stool infected with C. difficile spores. This rapid microwave lysis method enhanced the rapidity of subsequent electrochemical detection in the development of a rapid point-of-care biosensor platform for C. difficile.
The Complete Chloroplast Genome of an Epiphytic Leafless Orchid, Taeniophyllum complanatum: Comparative Analysis and Phylogenetic Relationships
Authors: Zhou Zhuang , Chen Jinliao , Wang Fei , Wu Xiaopei , Liu Zhongjian , Peng Donghui , Lan Siren 
Published: June 2024

Taeniophyllum is a distinct taxon of epiphytic leafless plants in the subtribe Aeridinae of Orchidaceae. The differences in chloroplast genomes between extremely degraded epiphytic leafless orchids and other leafy orchids, as well as their origins and evolution, raise intriguing questions. Therefore, we report the chloroplast genome sequence of Taeniophyllum complanatum, including an extensive comparative analysis with other types of leafless orchids. The chloroplast genome of T. complanatum exhibited a typical quadripartite structure, and its overall structure and gene content were relatively conserved. The entire chloroplast genome was 141,174 bp in length, making it the smallest known chloroplast genome of leafless epiphytic orchids. It encoded a total of 120 genes, including repetitive genes, comprising 74 protein-coding genes, 38 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and 8 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. A phylogenetic analysis was conducted on the chloroplast genomes of 43 species belonging to five subfamilies of Orchidaceae. The results showed that the five subfamilies were monophyly, with nearly all segments having a 100% bootstrap value. T. complanatum and Chiloschista were clustered together as a sister group to Phalaenopsis and occupied the highest position in the Epidendroideae. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that T. complanatum and other leafless orchids within the Orchidaceae evolved independently. This study may provide the foundation for research on phylogenetic and structural diversity in leafless epiphytic orchids, thereby enhancing the resources available for chloroplast genome studies in Orchidaceae.
Association between Circulating T Cells and the Gut Microbiome in Healthy Individuals: Findings from a Pilot Study
Authors: Vivek Sithara , Shen You Shan , Guan Weihua , Onyeaghala Guillaume , Oyenuga Mosunmoluwa , Staley Christopher , Karger Amy B. , Prizment Anna E. , Thyagarajan Bharat 
Published: June 2024

Though the microbiome’s impact on immune system homeostasis is well documented, the effect of circulating T cells on the gut microbiome remains unexamined. We analyzed data from 50 healthy volunteers in a pilot trial of aspirin, using immunophenotyping and 16S rRNA sequencing to evaluate the effect of baseline T cells on microbiome changes over 6 weeks. We employed an unsupervised sparse canonical correlation analysis (sCCA) and used multivariable linear regression models to evaluate the association between selected T cell subsets and selected bacterial genera after adjusting for covariates. In the cross-sectional analysis, percentages of naïve CD4+ T cells were positively associated with a relative abundance of Intestinimonas, and the percentage of activated CD8+ T cells was inversely associated with Cellulosibacter. In the longitudinal analysis, the baseline percentages of naïve CD4+ T cells and activated CD4+ T cells were inversely associated with a 6-week change in the relative abundance of Clostridium_XlVb and Anaerovorax, respectively. The baseline percentage of terminal effector CD4+ T cells was positively associated with the change in Flavonifractor. Notably, the microbiome taxa associated with T cell subsets exclusively belonged to the Bacillota phylum. These findings can guide future experimental studies focusing on the role of T cells in impacting gut microbiome homeostasis.
A Range Query Scheme for Spatial Data with Shuffled Differential Privacy
Authors: Li Kaixuan , Zhang Hua , Xu Yanxin , Liu Zhenyan 
Published: June 2024

The existing high-dimensional or multi-dimensional geographic spatial datasets have a large amount of data. When third-party servers collect and publish them, privacy protection is required to prevent sensitive information from being leaked. Local differential privacy can be used to protect location-sensitive information during range queries. However, the accuracy of a range query based on local differential privacy is affected by the distribution and density of spatial data. Based on this, aiming at the distribution and density characteristics of data, we designed a dpKD tree that supports high-precision range queries with shuffled differential privacy, and designed an algorithm KDRQ for range queries based on shuffled differential privacy. First, we employed the dpKD to divide the data. Then, we shuffled the data based on SRRQ and reconstructed the tree. Finally, we used the SDRQ algorithm for the response range query. The experimental results show that the query accuracy of the KDRQ algorithm was at least 1–4.5 times higher than that of the existing algorithms RAPPOR, PSDA and GT-R under the same privacy budget.
Estimation of the Wind Field with a Single High-Frequency Radar
Authors: Dussol Abïgaëlle , Chavanne Cédric 
Published: June 2024

Over several decades, high-frequency (HF) radars have been employed for remotely measuring various ocean surface parameters, encompassing surface currents, waves, and winds. Wind direction and speed are usually estimated from both first-order and second-order Bragg-resonant scatter from two or more HF radars monitoring the same area of the ocean surface. This limits the observational domain to the common area where second-order scatter is available from at least two radars. Here, we propose to estimate wind direction and speed from the first-order scatter of a single HF radar, yielding the same spatial coverage as for surface radial currents. Wind direction is estimated using the ratio of the positive and negative first-order Bragg peaks intensity, with a new simple algorithm to remove the left/right directional ambiguity from a single HF radar. Wind speed is estimated from wind direction and de-tided surface radial currents using an artificial neural network which has been trained with in situ wind speed observations. Radar-derived wind estimations are compared with in situ observations in the Lower Saint-Lawrence Estuary (Quebec, Canada). The correlation coefficients between radar-estimated and in situ wind directions range from 0.84 to 0.95 for Wellen Radars (WERAs) and from 0.79 to 0.97 for Coastal Ocean Dynamics Applications Radars (CODARs), while the root mean square differences range from 8° to 12° for WERAs and from 10° to 19° for CODARs. Correlation coefficients between the radar-estimated and the in situ wind speeds range from 0.89 to 0.93 for WERAs and from 0.81 to 0.93 for CODARs, while the root mean square differences range from 1.3 m.s−1 to 2.3 m.s−1 for WERAs and from 1.6 m.s−1 to 3.9 m.s−1 for CODARs.