bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urban creep in Scotland: stakeholder perceptions, quantification and cost implications of permeable solutions
Authors: Wright G. B. , Arthur S. , Bowles G. , Bastien N. , Unwin D. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe gradual increase in impermeable surface area in urban conurbations has clear consequences for flood risk. This paper details an investigation into the impact of one element of urban creep (hardstanding/paving provision) on flood risk and water quality in Scotland. Following a review of current hardstanding practice, an extensive stakeholder consultation exercise is presented. The outcomes of this consultation clearly highlight that the installation of impermeable hardstanding in Scotland is sufficiently widespread to justify measures to discourage such development. This is confirmed by the results of a residential survey, which indicates that there has been a near quadrupling of the area of impermeable hardstanding in three typical residential areas of Edinburgh. A number of case studies are presented, and it is concluded that, although more costly, permeable hardstanding solutions offer multiple benefits to the urban drainage cycle and should be promoted through legislation, education and incentivisation. Finally, recommendations for future work are detailed.
“Passing the Buck”: Incongruence Between Gender Role and Topic Leads to Avoidance of Negotiation
Authors: Bear Julia 
Published: January 2011

AbstractAvoidance of negotiation is rarely investigated, and the implicit assumption guiding much of the current negotiation research is that engagement is inevitable. In addition, compensation is typically examined, although topics related to both employment and family life are also negotiated in organizations. Two experimental studies tested hypotheses about how incongruence between gender role and negotiation topic influences the likelihood of passing off the negotiation, i.e., “passing the buck.” In study 1, women were significantly more likely to avoid a negotiation about compensation than men, and aversion partially mediated this gender difference. Study 2 revealed a significant two‐way interaction between gender and negotiation topic on avoidance. Women were significantly more likely to avoid negotiation about compensation than men; conversely, there was a trend for men to avoid negotiation about access to a lactation room, with the interaction mediated by aversion. The findings underscore the importance of both negotiation topics and avoidance.
Unusual intramandibular plexiform shwannoma
Authors: Bavle R.M. , Thambiah L.J. , Nanda Kumar H. , Srinath N. , Paremala K. , Sudhakara M. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractBackground:  Schwannoma is a benign neoplasm originating from the neural sheath of peripheral soft tissues, but to occur within the jaw bones is exceptional. Plexiform schwannoma is a rare variant of Schwann cell tumour having plexiform pattern of intraneural growth with multinodularity.Case report:  This report documents a case of a plexiform intraosseous schwannoma located in the mandible of a fifty‐four‐year old male.Conclusion:  Although intraosseous schwannomas of the jaw bones and plexiform schwannomas of soft tissues of head and neck are documented in the recent literature; to the best of our knowledge, an intraosseous variant of plexiform schwannoma has not been reported.
A measure that relates to elementary school children's risk of injury: the supervision attributes and risk-taking questionnaire (SARTQ)
Authors: Morrongiello Barbara A , Corbett Michael R , Kane Alexa 
Published: January 2011

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the supervision attributes and risk-taking questionnaire (SARTQ), which is a new measure of caregiver supervision and child risk-taking that applies to elementary school children 7–10 years of age.MethodsUsing a prospective design, scores on the SARTQ were related to children's recent and long-term history of injuries and to parents' supervision scores that were derived based on measuring their home supervision practices over 8 weeks.ResultsSubscale scores on the SARTQ related differentially to measures of supervision and child injury scores, providing support for the criterion validity of this new measure.ConclusionResults from this initial test of the SARTQ suggest that it holds promise as a measure that is relevant to understanding injury risk for elementary school children.
Explaining regional disparities in traffic mortality by decomposing conditional probabilities
Authors: Goldstein Gregory P , Clark David E , Travis Lori L , Haskins Amy E 
Published: January 2011

BackgroundIn the USA, the mortality rate from traffic injury is higher in rural and in southern regions, for reasons that are not well understood.MethodsFor 1754 (56%) of the 3142 US counties, we obtained data allowing for separation of the deaths/population rate into deaths/injury, injuries/crash, crashes/exposure and exposure/population, with exposure measured as vehicle miles travelled. A ‘decomposition method’ proposed by Li and Baker was extended to study how the contributions of these components were affected by three measures of rural location, as well as southern location.ResultsThe method of Li and Baker extended without difficulty to include non-binary effects and multiple exposures. Deaths/injury was by far the most important determinant in the county-to-county variation in deaths/population, and accounted for the greatest portion of the rural/urban disparity. After controlling for the rural effect, injuries/crash accounted for most of the southern/northern disparity.ConclusionsThe increased mortality rate from traffic injury in rural areas can be attributed to the increased probability of death given that a person has been injured, possibly due to challenges faced by emergency medical response systems. In southern areas, there is an increased probability of injury given that a person has crashed, possibly due to differences in vehicle, road, or driving conditions.
Cranial dural arteriovenous fistula: transarterial Onyx embolization experience and technical nuances
Authors: Hu Yin C , Newman C Benjamin , Dashti Shervin R , Albuquerque Felipe C , McDougall Cameron G 
Published: January 2011

IntroductionTraditional endovascular treatment of cranial dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) consists of a transarterial approach with n-butylcyanoacrylate (nBCA) or a transvenous approach with coil embolization. The advent of Onyx in the endovascular arsenal potentially offers a high probability of obliteration of these vascular lesions through a purely transarterial route.MethodsA retrospective review of the Barrow Neurological Institute endovascular database between October 2005 and November 2009 highlighted 50 patients with 63 cranial DAVFs that were treated with transarterial Onyx, with and without adjuvant embolysates, for a total of 76 embolization procedures. Hospital records, cerebral angiography and other diagnostic imaging and clinical visits were reviewed.ResultsAt a median follow-up of 5 months (range 0–25 months), complete angiographic cure was obtained in 41 patients with 50 (79%) DAVFs after transarterial embolization using Onyx combined with other embolysates. When Onyx was used as the sole embolic agent, 32 of 37 DAVFs (87%) in 29 (of 33) patients achieved angiographic cure. Subgroup analysis showed that by using the middle meningeal artery (MMA) as a conduit for primary Onyx embolization, angiographic cures were achieved in 27 of the 37 DAVFs (73%). Periprocedural complications occurred in six (7.9%) sessions in one patients (8%). Only one patient had a permanent complication (2%) with unimproved cranial nerve palsies.ConclusionTransarterial Onyx embolization of cranial DAVFs, particularly using the MMA as a conduit, is a safe and effective curative therapy.
The first genetic linkage map of Luohanguo (Siraitia grosvenorii) based on ISSR and SRAP markers
Authors: Liu Lihua , Ma Xiaojun , Wei Jianhe , Qin Jiaming , Mo Changming 
Published: January 2011

In this study, the first genetic map of Luohanguo ( Siraitia grosvenorii (Swingle) C. Jeffrey) was constructed with 150 F2population individuals using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers. A total of 100 ISSRs and 196 SRAP primer combinations generated 51 and 222 polymorphic markers, respectively. Among the 273 markers obtained, 199 markers (29 ISSRs and 170 SRAPs) were mapped to 25 linkage groups. The map covered 1463.3 cM with a mean map distance of 7.35 cM between adjacent markers and a maximum map distance of 52.6 cM between two markers. The markers were distributed randomly in 25 groups except for minor clusters in the distal region of linkage groups. All 25 linkage groups consisted of 2–36 loci ranging in length from 19.5 to 152.6 cM and accounted for 59.8% of the total map distance. This map provides reference information for future molecular breeding work on Luohanguo.
Diversity and decay ability of basidiomycetes isolated from lodgepole pines killed by the mountain pine beetle
Authors: Son E. , Kim J.-J. , Lim Y.W. , Au-Yeung T.T. , Yang C.Y.H. , Breuil C. 
Published: January 2011

When lodgepole pines ( Pinus contorta Douglas ex Louden var. latifolia Engelm. ex S. Watson) that are killed by the mountain pine beetle ( Dendroctonus ponderosae ) and its fungal associates are not harvested, fungal decay can affect wood and fibre properties. Ophiostomatoids stain sapwood but do not affect the structural properties of wood. In contrast, white or brown decay basidiomycetes degrade wood. We isolated both staining and decay fungi from 300 lodgepole pine trees killed by mountain pine beetle at green, red, and grey stages at 10 sites across British Columbia. We retained 224 basidiomycete isolates that we classified into 34 species using morphological and physiological characteristics and rDNA large subunit sequences. The number of basidiomycete species varied from 4 to 14 species per site. We assessed the ability of these fungi to degrade both pine sapwood and heartwood using the soil jar decay test. The highest wood mass losses for both sapwood and heartwood were measured for the brown rot species Fomitopsis pinicola and the white rot Metulodontia and Ganoderma species. The sap rot species Trichaptum abietinum was more damaging for sapwood than for heartwood. A number of species caused more than 50% wood mass losses after 12 weeks at room temperature, suggesting that beetle-killed trees can rapidly lose market value due to degradation of wood structural components.
PARAMETRIC STUDY ON TRANSIENT HOT-WIRE METHOD TO MEASURE NANOFLUID CONDUCTIVITIES
Authors: HONG SUNG WOOK , JUNG JUNG-YEUL , KANG YONG TAE , KOO JUNEMO 
Published: January 2011

Recently, nanofluid is a hot research topic among thermal engineers to enhance the heat transfer. However, there are deviations between research groups in the effective thermal conductivity measurements by the transient hot-wire method. Since there has been no report for the researchers to select a proper data range of temperature to estimate the thermal conductivities, the deviation could be partly attributed to the poor selection of the temperature data range. In this study, the impacts of the data range selection, the power supplier response delay, the thermal coefficient of resistors, the hot-wire type and test section size on the thermal conductivity measurement using the transient hot-wire method are analyzed. The proper selection of the temperature data range to be used to estimate the thermal conductivities of fluids using transient hot-wire method is suggested by investigating the impact of it on the measurement by both computationally and experimentally. The thermal coefficient of resistor is found to affect the measurement seriously whereas the type of hot-wire does not. The test section size of the measuring device is compared with the thermal penetration depth.
VEGFR-1 Expressed by Malignant Melanoma-Initiating Cells Is Required for Tumor Growth
Authors: Frank Natasha Y. , Schatton Tobias , Kim Soo , Zhan Qian , Wilson Brian J. , Ma Jie , Saab Karim R. , Osherov Veronika , Widlund Hans R. , Gasser Martin , Waaga-Gasser Ana-Maria , Kupper Thomas S. , Murphy George F. , Frank Markus H. 
Published: January 2011

Abstract
Melanoma growth is driven by malignant melanoma-initiating cells (MMIC) identified by expression of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) member ABCB5. ABCB5+ melanoma subpopulations have been shown to overexpress the vasculogenic differentiation markers CD144 (VE-cadherin) and TIE1 and are associated with CD31− vasculogenic mimicry (VM), an established biomarker associated with increased patient mortality. Here we identify a critical role for VEGFR-1 signaling in ABCB5+ MMIC-dependent VM and tumor growth. Global gene expression analyses, validated by mRNA and protein determinations, revealed preferential expression of VEGFR-1 on ABCB5+ tumor cells purified from clinical melanomas and established melanoma lines. In vitro, VEGF induced the expression of CD144 in ABCB5+ subpopulations that constitutively expressed VEGFR-1 but not in ABCB5− bulk populations that were predominantly VEGFR-1−. In vivo, melanoma-specific shRNA-mediated knockdown of VEGFR-1 blocked the development of ABCB5+ VM morphology and inhibited ABCB5+ VM-associated production of the secreted melanoma mitogen laminin. Moreover, melanoma-specific VEGFR-1 knockdown markedly inhibited tumor growth (by &gt;90%). Our results show that VEGFR-1 function in MMIC regulates VM and associated laminin production and show that this function represents one mechanism through which MMICs promote tumor growth. Cancer Res; 71(4); 1474–85. ©2011 AACR.
Mast Cell Activation In Vivo Impairs the Macrophage Reverse Cholesterol Transport Pathway in the Mouse
Authors: Lee-Rueckert Miriam , Silvennoinen Reija , Rotllan Noemi , Judström Ilona , Blanco-Vaca Francisco , Metso Jari , Jauhiainen Matti , Kovanen Petri T. , Escola-Gil Joan Carles 
Published: January 2011

Objective—
Chymase released by activated mast cells degrades high-density lipoproteins. We evaluated whether local activation of mast cells would attenuate cholesterol efflux from neighboring macrophage foam cells, thereby disrupting the entire in vivo pathway of macrophage-specific reverse cholesterol transport (RCT).

Methods and Results—

C57Bl/6J mice received intraperitoneal injections of the mast cell-degranulating compound 48/80 to induce peritoneal mast cell activation, human apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) to stimulate RCT, and [
3
H]cholesterol-labeled J774 macrophages for measurement of the rate of RCT. After 3 hours,
3
H-radioactivity was measured in the intestinal lumen contents. Activation of mast cells in the peritoneal cavity depleted human apoA-I pre-β-migrating species, impairing the ability of the peritoneal fluid to efficiently promote cholesterol efflux from cultured macrophages. Moreover, intact but not chymase-treated (proteolyzed) apoA-I accelerated the transfer of macrophage-derived
3
H- radioactivity to the intestinal contents. Importantly, stimulation of RCT by human apoA-I was fully blocked by 48/80 in mast cell–competent wild-type C57Bl/6J mice but not in mast cell–deficient W-
sash
c-
kit
mutant mice. The ability of intraperitoneally administered phospholipid vesicles to promote RCT in wild-type mice was not blocked by 48/80, supporting the notion that mast cell–dependent proteolysis of the intraperitoneally administered apoA-I was responsible for RCT inhibition.

Conclusion—
Overall, our results suggest that tissue-specific activation of mast cells with ensuing release of chymase is able to proteolytically inactivate apoA-I in the microenvironment of the activated mast cells, thus locally impairing the initiation of macrophage RCT in vivo.
Prototyping a Generic, Unified Land Surface Classification and Screening Methodology for GPM-Era Microwave Land Precipitation Retrieval Algorithms
Authors: Sudradjat Arief , Wang Nai-Yu , Gopalan Kaushik , Ferraro Ralph R. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractA prototype generic, unified land surface classification and screening methodology for Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM)-era microwave land precipitation retrieval algorithms by using ancillary datasets is developed. As an alternative to the current radiometer-determined approach, the new methodology is shown to be promising in improving rain detection by providing better surface-cover-type information. The early prototype new surface screening scheme was applied to the current version of the Goddard profiling algorithm that is used for the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Microwave Imager (GPROFV6). It has shown improvements in surface-cover-type classification and hence better precipitation retrieval comparisons with TRMM precipitation radar level-2 (L2) (2A25) data and the Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) version-2.1 (GPCPV2.1) datasets. The new ancillary data approach removes the current dependency of the screening step on relatively different satellite-specific channels and ensures the comparability and continuity of satellite-based precipitation products from different platforms. This is particularly important for advancing the current state of precipitation retrieval over land and for use in merged rainfall products.
Surface Emissivity Impact on Temperature and Moisture Soundings from Hyperspectral Infrared Radiance Measurements
Authors: Yao Zhigang , Li Jun , Li Jinlong , Zhang Hong 
Published: January 2011

AbstractAn accurate land surface emissivity (LSE) is critical for the retrieval of atmospheric temperature and moisture profiles along with land surface temperature from hyperspectral infrared (IR) sounder radiances; it is also critical to assimilating IR radiances in numerical weather prediction models over land. To investigate the impact of different LSE datasets on Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) sounding retrievals, experiments are conducted by using a one-dimensional variational (1DVAR) retrieval algorithm. Sounding retrievals using constant LSE, the LSE dataset from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI), and the baseline fit dataset from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) are performed. AIRS observations over northern Africa on 1–7 January and 1–7 July 2007 are used in the experiments. From the limited regional comparisons presented here, it is revealed that the LSE from the IASI obtained the best agreement between the retrieval results and the ECMWF reanalysis, whereas the constant LSE gets the worst results when the emissivities are fixed in the retrieval process. The results also confirm that the simultaneous retrieval of atmospheric profile and surface parameters could reduce the dependence of soundings on the LSE choice and finally improve sounding accuracy when the emissivities are adjusted in the iterative retrieval. In addition, emissivity angle dependence is investigated with AIRS radiance measurements. The retrieved emissivity spectra from AIRS over the ocean reveal weak angle dependence, which is consistent with that from an ocean emissivity model. This result demonstrates the reliability of the 1DVAR simultaneous algorithm for emissivity retrieval from hyperspectral IR radiance measurements.
Regional and Large-Scale Influences on Summer Ozone Levels in Southern California
Authors: Agel Laurie , Lopez Vianney , Barlow Mathew , Colby Frank 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe links between daily ozone levels in Southern California and atmospheric circulation at regional and large scales are examined for July–September 1994–2001. The monitoring station in Pasadena is used as the primary basis for ozone analysis; comparison with other stations validates its representativeness for Southern California. Comparing the 10% of highest-ozone days with the 10% of lowest-ozone days for Pasadena reveals a large regional difference in 700-hPa vertical velocity over Southern California, consistent with changes to the ventilation and depth of the boundary layer. Analysis of the associated changes in midlevel (500 hPa) circulation reveals near-continental-scale differences, with very large modifications in the strength and position of the North American anticyclone. These links between daily ozone levels and regional and large-scale atmospheric circulation features suggest the potential for using currently available medium-range weather forecasts in ozone prediction.
Wind Regimes along the Beaufort Sea Coast Favorable for Strong Wind Events at Tuktoyaktuk
Authors: Small David , Atallah Eyad , Gyakum John 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe community of Tuktoyaktuk (Northwest Territories, Canada) along the Beaufort Sea experiences dramatic shoreline erosion during storm surge events that tend to occur during persistent northwesterly wind events in the late summer months (July–September) when the sea ice coverage of the Beaufort Sea reaches its annual minimum. This study compiles the climatology of hourly surface wind, low-level geostrophic wind, and static stability to investigate the physical mechanisms responsible for the high frequency of northwesterly winds observed at Tuktoyaktuk during the late summer. The results link the prevalence of westerly to northwesterly winds at the surface to the high frequency of northwesterly geostrophic winds and a tendency for low static stability. With an environment that favors strong northwesterly geostrophic wind and suggests lower static stability, the high frequency of strong northwesterlies observed at the surface appears to be associated with momentum mixing by turbulent eddies. A composite analysis indicates that persistently strong northwesterly winds are associated with anomalously low pressure northeast of Tuktoyaktuk and high pressure over the Bering Sea and eastern Siberia. The high pressure anomalies over the Bering Sea also extend well to the east along the northern edge of the Brooks Range. An apparent topographic modification of the sea level pressure (SLP) field by cold air trapped to the north of mountains produces the pressure gradient favorable for strong westerly to northwesterly geostrophic winds at Tuktoyaktuk. The results suggest that cold-air damming contributes to the wind regime at Tuktoyaktuk by altering the pressure gradient along the Beaufort coast.