bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rosuvastatin pretreatment in patients undergoing elective PCI to reduce the incidence of myocardial periprocedural necrosis: The ROMA trial
Authors: Sardella Gennaro , Conti Giulia , Donahue Michael , Mancone Massimo , Canali Emanuele , De Carlo Carlotta , Di Roma Angelo , Calcagno Simone , Lucisano Luigi , Fedele Francesco 
Published: April 2012

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of the high‐dose rosuvastatin preadministration in reducing periprocedural myocardial necrosis and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) in patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).BackgroundElective PCI may be complicated with an elevation of cardiac biomarkers. Several studies suggested that pretreatment with statins may be associated with a reduction in periprocedural myocardial necrosis.MethodsOne hundred and sixty patients with stable angina who underwent elective PCI were randomly assigned to receive either a preprocedural loading dose (40 mg) of rosuvastatin group (RG, n = 80) or a standard treatment [control group (CG), n = 80].The primary endpoint was the incidence of periprocedural myocardial necrosis. The secondary endpoint was the assessment of MACCE [cardiac death, all‐myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and target vessel revascularization (TVR)] at a 30‐day and 12‐month follow‐up, as well as the rate of periprocedural rise of Troponin T‐serum levels >3× upper limit of normal.ResultsTwelve and 24‐hr post‐PCI creatinine kinase MB isoform elevation >3× occurred more frequently in the CG than in the RG (22.7 vs. 7.1; P = 0.034 and 26.4 vs. 8.7; P = 0.003). At the 30‐day and 12‐month follow‐up, the incidence of cumulative MACCE was higher in CG than in the RG (30.0% vs. 8.7%; P = 0.001 and 35.0% vs. 12.5%; P = 0.001).The difference between the groups was mainly due to the periprocedural MI incidence (26.4% vs. 8.7%; P = 0.003).The rate of cardiac death, spontaneous MI, TVR, and stroke were similar in the two groups.ConclusionsHigh loading dose of rosuvastatin within 24 hr before elective PCI seems to decrease the incidence of periprocedural myocardial necrosis during a period of 12‐months compared to the standard treatment. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Operando Studies of Catalyst Surfaces during Catalysis and under Reaction Conditions: Ambient Pressure X‐Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy with a Flow‐Cell Reactor
Authors: Tao Franklin (Feng) 
Published: April 2012

AbstractWe present the development and performance of a new, reactor‐like, in‐house ambient pressure X‐ray photoelectron spectrometer (AP‐XPS) using Al Kα, which can study material surfaces, particularly surfaces of catalysts during catalysis and under reaction conditions. This ambient pressure X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy technique uses an affordable bench‐top X‐ray source, monochromated Al Kα, making it available for research groups on any campus. A unique feature of this in‐house AP‐XPS is the integration of a micro ambient pressure reaction cell working in either flowing or batch mode into a monochromatic Al Kα source and an ambient pressure energy analyzer. This integration allows XPS studying surfaces of materials while they functionalize in a flowing gaseous environment. Another feature is the integration of characterization of surfaces of catalysts into simultaneous measurements of catalytic performance by using on‐line, quadrupole mass spectrometry and gas chromatography. Performance tests of this in‐house AP‐XPS have demonstrated that it can study material surfaces at temperatures up to 500–550 °C in a gaseous environment with pressures up to 25–50 Torr. This design has successfully brought the synchrotron‐based AP‐XPS technique to research groups on campuses.
The Exohedral Diels–Alder Reactivity of the Titanium Carbide Endohedral Metallofullerene Ti2C2@D3h‐C78: Comparison with D3h‐C78 and M3N@D3h‐C78 (M=Sc and Y) Reactivity
Authors: Garcia‐Borràs Marc , Osuna Sílvia , Luis Josep M. , Swart Marcel , Solà Miquel 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe chemical functionalization of endohedral (metallo)fullerenes has become a main focus of research in the last few years. It has been found that the reactivity of endohedral (metallo)fullerenes may be quite different from that of the empty fullerenes. Encapsulated species have an enormous influence on the thermodynamics, kinetics, and regiochemistry of the exohedral addition reactions undergone by these species. A detailed understanding of the changes in chemical reactivity due to incarceration of atoms or clusters of atoms is essential to assist the synthesis of new functionalized endohedral fullerenes with specific properties. Herein, we report the study of the Diels–Alder cycloaddition between 1,3‐butadiene and all nonequivalent bonds of the Ti2C2@D3h‐C78 metallic carbide endohedral metallofullerene (EMF) at the BP86/TZP//BP86/DZP level of theory. The results obtained are compared with those found by some of us at the same level of theory for the D3h‐C78 free cage and the M3N@D3h‐C78 (M=Sc and Y) metallic nitride EMFs. It is found that the free cage is more reactive than the Ti2C2@D3h‐C78 EMF and this, in turn, has a higher reactivity than M3N@D3h‐C78. The results indicate that, for Ti2C2@D3h‐C78, the corannulene‐type [5, 6] bonds c and f, and the type B [6, 6] bond 3 are those thermodynamically and kinetically preferred. In contrast, the D3h‐C78 free cage has a preference for addition to the [6, 6] 1 and 6 bonds and the [5, 6] b bond, whereas M3N@D3h‐C78 favors additions to the [6, 6] 6 (M=Sc) and [5, 6] d (M=Y) bonds. The reasons for the regioselectivity found in Ti2C2@D3h‐C78 are discussed.
Ionic Liquids of Cationic Sandwich Complexes
Authors: Inagaki Takashi , Mochida Tomoyuki , Takahashi Masashi , Kanadani Chikahide , Saito Toshiaki , Kuwahara Daisuke 
Published: April 2012

AbstractSimple cationic sandwich complexes that contained alkyl‐ or halogen substituents provided ionic liquids (ILs) with the bis(perfluoroalkanesulfonyl)imide anion. Ferrocenium‐ and cobaltocenium ILs [M(C5H4R1)(C5H4R2)][Tf2N] (M=Fe, Co) and arene–ferrocenium ILs [Fe(C5H4R1)(C6H5R2)][Tf2N] were prepared and their physical properties were investigated. A detailed comparison of their thermal properties revealed the effects of molecular symmetry and substituents on their melting points. Their viscosity increased on increasing the length of the substituent on the cation and the perfluoroalkyl chain length on the anion. Upon cooling, ILs with low viscosities exhibited crystallization, whereas those with higher viscosities tended to exhibit glass transitions. Most of these salts showed phase transitions in the solid state. A magnetic‐switching phenomenon was observed for the paramagnetic ferrocenium IL, which was associated with a liquid/solid transformation, based on the magnetic anisotropy of the ferrocenium cation. 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy was applied to [Fe(C5H4nBu)2][Tf2N] to investigate the vibrational behavior of the iron atom in the crystal and glassy states of the ferrocenium IL.
Microenvironmental control of enantiodifferentiating photocyclization of 5‐hydroxy‐1,1‐diphenylpentene through selective solvation
Authors: Nishiyama Yasuhiro , Wada Takehiko , Kakiuchi Kiyomi , Inoue Yoshihisa 
Published: April 2012

AbstractFor mechanistic elucidation of the photosensitized cyclization of 5‐hydroxy‐1,1‐diphenylpentene (1), its methyl ether (4) was synthesized as an unreactive “dummy” substrate and used as a quencher of the sensitizer fluorescence to reveal the intervention of an exciplex intermediate that was unable to detect when reactive substrate 1 was used as a quencher/reactant In the enantiodifferentiating photocyclization of 1 to 2‐(diphenylmethyl)tetrahydrofuran (2) sensitized by a chiral saccharide ester of 1,4‐naphthalenedicarboxylate (3), the enantiomeric excess (ee) of chiral product 2 obtained in methylcyclohexane (MCH) at 25 °C was significantly enhanced from 20% to 35% upon 10‐fold dilution of the sample solution by MCH, for which the reduced solvent polarity, discouraging dissociation of the intervening radical ionic exciplex, is likely to be responsible. Further attempts to microenvironmentally control the photochirogenic reaction and enhance the product's ee through selective solvation of polar cosolvent to the diastereomeric exciplex pair in nonpolar solvent were not successful probably due to the inherently high local polarity around the exciplex of saccharide‐appended 3 with alcoholic substrate 1. Chirality 24:400–405, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Supramolecular arrangement of guanosine/5′‐guanosine monophosphate binary mixtures studied by methods of circular dichroism
Authors: Novotná Jana , Goncharova Iryna , Urbanová Marie 
Published: April 2012

AbstractSelf‐assembly of molecules is one of the fundamental processes in biology and in supramolecular chemistry. Guanosine (Guo) and its derivatives are among the widely studied molecules because of self‐assembly abilities. Their tetrameric associates are the nature of telomeric DNA, and furthermore they are fundamental building blocks of supramolecular reversible gels, which may arise in certain physical and chemical conditions. Although poorly soluble in water, Guo forms interesting structures with guanosine 5′‐monophosphate salt (GMP) in the TRIS buffer. We used electronic circular dichroism and vibrational circular dichroism to describe the thermal response of gels formed by the Guo/GMP binary mixture. Using these complementary techniques suitable to study conformational changes of chiral compounds, we obtained information about the involvement of functional groups and weak interactions in the guanosine quartet (G4) and stacked G4 structures. Chirality 24:432–438, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Primary care providers' perspectives on discontinuing prostate cancer screening
Authors: Pollack Craig E. , Platz Elizabeth A. , Bhavsar Nrupen A. , Noronha Gary , Green Gene E. , Chen Sean , Carter H. Ballentine 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND:Clinical guidelines recommend against routine prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) screening for older men and for those with lower life expectancies. The authors of this report examined providers' decision‐making regarding discontinuing PSA screening.METHODS:A survey of primary providers from a large, university‐affiliated primary care practice was administered. Providers were asked about their current screening practices, factors that influenced their decision to discontinue screening, and barriers to discontinuing screening. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to examine whether taking age and/or life expectancy into account and barriers to discontinuing were associated with clinician characteristics and practice styles.RESULTS:One hundred twenty‐five of 141 providers (88.7%) participated in the survey. Over half (59.3%) took both age and life expectancy into account, whereas 12.2% did not consider either in their decisions to discontinue PSA screening. Providers varied in the age at which they typically stopped screening patients, and the majority (66.4%) reported difficulty in assessing life expectancy. Taking patient age and life expectancy into account was not associated with provider characteristics or practice styles. The most frequently cited barriers to discontinuing PSA screening were patient expectation (74.4%) and time constraints (66.4%). Black providers were significantly less likely than nonblack providers to endorse barriers related to time constraints and clinical uncertainty, although these results were limited by the small sample size of black providers.CONCLUSIONS:Although age and life expectancy often figured prominently in decisions to use screening, providers faced multiple barriers to discontinuing routine PSA screening. Cancer 2012. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
Surface Defects Activating New Reaction Paths: Formation of Formate during Methanol Oxidation on Ru(0001)
Authors: Palacio Irene , Rojo Juan M. , Rodríguez de la Fuente Oscar 
Published: April 2012

AbstractMethanol was co‐adsorbed with oxygen on Ru(0001) under conditions approaching those of real catalysts: at room temperature and at relatively high pressures and exposures, together with a comparative analysis of flat and defective surfaces. To clarify reaction routes, parallel exposures to formaldehyde and oxygen have also been analyzed. It is found that for both mixtures of gases, a new reaction path is activated on defective surfaces, in which methanol is oxidized to formate. Furthermore, at variance with pure methanol adsorption, apart from CO, various intermediates are observed in both flat and defective surfaces. On flat surfaces, formaldehyde and formyl are recognized whereas on defective ones methoxy and formate are detected. A model involving steering effects is presented, which accounts for the activity of surface defects towards the synthesis of formate.
Activation of different neural precursor populations in the adult hippocampus: Does this lead to new neurons with discrete functions?
Authors: Jhaveri Dhanisha J. , Taylor Chanel J. , Bartlett Perry F. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractResident populations of stem and precursor cells drive the production of new neurons in the adult hippocampus. Recent discoveries have highlighted that a large proportion of these precursor cells are in fact quiescent and can be activated by distinct neuronal activity under both normal physiological and pathological conditions. As growing evidence indicates that newborn neurons play a critical role in cognitive functions such as learning and memory and in mood regulation, it is paramount that we obtain a better understanding of how the reservoirs of stem and precursor cells are maintained and activated. In this review, we critically examine the roles of key molecular mechanisms that have been shown to regulate hippocampal precursor cells, especially their activation. We believe that understanding the mechanistic details of the activity‐driven regulation of precursor cells will equip us with the ability to develop tailored strategies to trigger the generation of new neurons, thereby improving the functional outcomes in various neurological and psychiatric conditions. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 72: 1044–1058, 2012
Impact of Fuel Cell Power Plants on Multi‐objective Optimal Operation Management of Distribution Network
Authors: Niknam T. , Zeinoddini‐Meymand H. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThis paper presents an interactive fuzzy satisfying method based on hybrid modified honey bee mating optimization and differential evolution (MHBMO‐DE) to solve the multi‐objective optimal operation management (MOOM) problem, which can be affected by fuel cell power plants (FCPPs). The objective functions are to minimize total electrical energy losses, total electrical energy cost, total pollutant emission produced by sources, and deviation of bus voltages. A new interactive fuzzy satisfying method is presented to solve the multi‐objective problem by assuming that the decision‐maker (DM) has fuzzy goals for each of the objective functions. Through the interaction with the DM, the fuzzy goals of the DM are quantified by eliciting the corresponding membership functions. Then, by considering the current solution, the DM acts on this solution by updating the reference membership values until the satisfying solution for the DM can be obtained. The MOOM problem is modeled as a mixed integer nonlinear programming problem. Evolutionary methods are used to solve this problem because of their independence from type of the objective function and constraints. Recently researchers have presented a new evolutionary method called honey bee mating optimization (HBMO) algorithm. Original HBMO often converges to local optima, in order to overcome this shortcoming, we propose a new method that improves the mating process and also, combines the modified HBMO with DE algorithm. Numerical results for a distribution test system have been presented to illustrate the performance and applicability of the proposed method.
Characterization of thyroid nodules using the proposed thyroid imaging reporting and data system (TI‐RADS)
Authors: Cheng Shih‐Ping , Lee Jie‐Jen , Lin Jiun‐Lu , Chuang Shih‐Ming , Chien Ming‐Nan , Liu Chien‐Liang 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBackgroundThe Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI‐RADS) was proposed based on a scheme similar to Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI‐RADS) lexicon used in breast lesions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate its interobserver variability and accuracy.MethodsWe included 498 nodules in 437 patients undergoing thyroidectomy. Two endocrine surgeons and 2 endocrinologists independently reviewed sonographic images.ResultsThere was moderate to substantial interobserver agreement for final assessment category (kappa = 0.61). The overall sensitivity, specificity, and negative predictive value (NPV) were 94%, 43%, and 96%, respectively. Positive predictive values (PPVs) for categories 4 and 5 were 32% and 60%. The sensitivity was 92%, 99%, 96%, and 89%, whereas the specificity was 25%, 37%, 41%, and 62% for tumor sizes of <2, 2 to 3, 3 to 4, and >4 cm, respectively.ConclusionTI‐RADS is a helpful but not optimal reporting tool in characterizing thyroid lesions. Tumor size has a considerable impact on interobserver concordance and diagnostic performance. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2013
Semi‐automated primary tumor volume measurements by dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI in patients with head and neck cancer
Authors: Lodder Wouter L. , Gilhuijs Kenneth G. A. , Lange Charlotte A. H. , Pameijer Frank A. , Balm Alfons J. M. , van den Brekel Michiel W. M. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBackgroundTumor volume is a significant prognostic factor in the treatment of malignant head and neck tumors. Unfortunately, it is not routinely measured because of the workload involved.MethodsTwenty‐one patients, between 2009 and 2010, were studied. Dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI (DCE‐MRI) at 3.0T was performed. A workstation previously developed for semi‐automated segmentation of breast cancers on DCE‐MRI was used to segment the head and neck cancers. The Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the agreement between volumetric measurements and the manually derived gross tumor volume (GTV).ResultsIn 90.5% of the patients (19 of 21) correlation could be made between DCE‐MRI and the manually derived GTV. The Pearson correlation coefficient between the automatically derived tumor volume at DCE‐MRI and the manually derived GTVs was R2 = 0.95 (p < .001).ConclusionSemi‐automated tumor volumes on DCE‐MRI were representative of those derived from the manually derived GTV (R2 = 0.95; p < .001). © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2013
Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs and other analgesic use and bladder cancer in northern New England
Authors: Baris Dalsu , Karagas Margaret R. , Koutros Stella , Colt Joanne S. , Johnson Alison , Schwenn Molly , Fischer Alexander H. , Figueroa Jonine D. , Berndt Sonja I. , Han Summer , Beane Freeman Laura E. , Lubin Jay H. , Cherala Sai , Cantor Kenneth P. , Jacobs Kevin , Chanock Stephen , Chatterjee Nilanjan , Rothman Nathaniel , Silverman Debra T. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractA few epidemiologic studies have found that use of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is associated with reduced risk of bladder cancer. However, the effects of specific NSAID use and individual variability in risk have not been well studied. We examined the association between NSAIDs use and bladder cancer risk, and its modification by 39 candidate genes related to NSAID metabolism. A population‐based case–control study was conducted in northern New England, enrolling 1,171 newly diagnosed cases and 1,418 controls. Regular use of nonaspirin, nonselective NSAIDs was associated with reduced bladder cancer risk, with a statistically significant inverse trend in risk with duration of use (ORs of 1.0, 0.8, 0.6 and 0.6 for <5, 5–9, 10–19 and 20+ years, respectively; ptrend = 0.015). This association was driven mainly by ibuprofen; significant inverse trends in risk with increasing duration and dose of ibuprofen were observed (ptrend = 0.009 and 0.054, respectively). The reduced risk from ibuprofen use was limited to individuals carrying the T allele of a single nucleotide polymorphism (rs4646450) compared to those who did not use ibuprofen and did not carry the T allele in the CYP3A locus, providing new evidence that this association might be modified by polymorphisms in genes that metabolize ibuprofen. Significant positive trends in risk with increasing duration and cumulative dose of selective cyclooxygenase (COX‐2) inhibitors were observed. Our results are consistent with those from previous studies linking use of NSAIDs, particularly ibuprofen, with reduced risk. We observed a previously unrecognized risk associated with use of COX‐2 inhibitors, which merits further evaluation.
Hypoxia and HIF‐1 increase S100A8 and S100A9 expression in prostate cancer
Authors: Grebhardt Sina , Veltkamp Christian , Ströbel Philipp , Mayer Doris 
Published: April 2012

AbstractS100A8 and S100A9, two heterodimer‐forming members of the cytosolic S100 Ca2+ signaling protein family, are overexpressed in various cancer types, including prostate cancer. They act as proinflammatory danger signals when secreted to the extracellular space and are thought to play an important role during tumorigenesis, affecting inflammatory processes, proliferation, invasion and metastasis of tumor cells. Despite this fact, little is known about tumor environmental factors influencing S100A8/A9 expression. The aim of this study was to test the effect of hypoxia and its master transcriptional regulator hypoxia‐inducible factor 1 (HIF‐1) on S100A8/A9 expression. Hypoxia treatment resulted in induction of S100A8/A9 protein and mRNA expression in prostate epithelial BPH‐1 cells, the latter was also confirmed in the prostate cancer cell lines PC‐3 and DU‐145. Furthermore, overexpression of HIF‐1α caused increase in S100A8/A9 protein and mRNA expression as well as secretion. Functional hypoxia response elements mediating promoter activation on HIF‐1α overexpression were identified within the S100A8 and S100A9 promoters using promoter luciferase reporter constructs. Binding of HIF‐1α to S100A8 and S100A9 promoters was confirmed by chromatin immunoprecipitation. Immunohistochemical analysis of a prostate cancer tissue array showed clear correlation of S100A8 and S100A9 with HIF‐1α expression. Multivariate proportional hazard analysis revealed association of high S100A9 level with time to prostate cancer recurrence. In conclusion, we identified hypoxia and HIF‐1 as novel regulators of S100A8/A9 expression in prostate cancer. S100A9 might be useful as prognostic marker for prostate cancer recurrence after radical prostatectomy.