bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrative multiomics analysis identifies molecular subtypes and potential targets of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Yang Shuai , Zheng Lu , Li Lingling , Zhang Jiangang , Wang Jingchun , Zhao Huakan , Chen Yu , Liu Xudong , Gan Hui , Chen Junying , Yan Mei , He Chuanyin , Li Kai , Ding Chen , Li Yongsheng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe liver is anatomically divided into eight segments based on the distribution of Glisson's triad. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying each segment and its association with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) heterogeneity are not well understood. In this study, our objective is to conduct a comprehensive multiomics profiling of the segmentation atlas in order to investigate potential subtypes and therapeutic approaches for HCC.MethodsA high throughput liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometer strategy was employed to comprehensively analyse proteome, lipidome and metabolome data, with a focus on segment‐resolved multiomics profiling. To classify HCC subtypes, the obtained data with normal reference profiling were integrated. Additionally, potential therapeutic targets for HCC were identified using immunohistochemistry assays. The effectiveness of these targets were further validated through patient‐derived organoid (PDO) assays.ResultsA multiomics profiling of 8536 high‐confidence proteins, 1029 polar metabolites and 3381 nonredundant lipids was performed to analyse the segmentation atlas of HCC. The analysis of the data revealed that in normal adjacent tissues, the left lobe was primarily involved in energy metabolism, while the right lobe was associated with small molecule metabolism. Based on the normal reference atlas, HCC patients with segment‐resolved classification were divided into three subtypes. The C1 subtype showed enrichment in ribosome biogenesis, the C2 subtype exhibited an intermediate phenotype, while the C3 subtype was closely associated with neutrophil degranulation. Furthermore, using the PDO assay, exportin 1 (XPO1) and 5‐lipoxygenase (ALOX5) were identified as potential targets for the C1 and C3 subtypes, respectively.ConclusionOur extensive analysis of the segmentation atlas in multiomics profiling defines molecular subtypes of HCC and uncovers potential therapeutic strategies that have the potential to enhance the prognosis of HCC.
The effect of different hydrodistillation times on the composition and yield of bergamot (Citrus bergamia Risso) peel essential oil and a comparison of the cold‐pressing method
Authors: Bozova Burcu , Gölükcü Muharrem , Giuffrè Angelo Maria 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBergamot (Citrus bergamia Risso) is not consumed as fresh fruit as other members of Citrus. Bergamot essential oil has a unique aroma. Bergamot essential oil is a very valuable product used in perfumery, cosmetics, aromatherapy and food industry due to its beautiful scent and functional properties. As with other Citrus species, the composition of bergamot essential oil can vary according to harvest time, climate and extraction technology. Bergamot essential oil could be obtained by cold press extraction or distillation method. Within the scope of the study, the effect of four different hydrodistillation (HD) times (5, 10, 60 and 120 min) on the composition of bergamot essential oil obtained from Turkish fruits was investigated. In the first 60 min, 96.11% of the total essential oil was obtained. Research findings have shown that the distillation time is quite effective in the composition of bergamot essential oil. Limonene, linalool and linalyl acetate, which are the main components of bergamot essential oil, varied in the range, 42.36%–53.25%, 5.59%–12.18% and 20.84%–26.73%, respectively, with respect to distillation time. In cold press method, bergamot essential oil has lower linalool/linalyl acetate ratio (0.15) compared to HD method and a higher quality essence was obtained.
Is vaginal birth after cesarean section a risk factor for obstetric anal sphincter injury?
Authors: Baruch Yoav , Gold Ronen , Eisenberg Hagit , Yogev Yariv , Groutz Asnat 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate whether women undergoing their first vaginal delivery after a previous cesarean section (secundiparous) are at increased risk for obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASI) compared with primiparous women.MethodsA retrospective cohort study of 85 428 women who delivered vaginally over a 10‐year period in a single tertiary medical center. Incidence of OASI, risk factors, and clinical characteristics were compared between primiparous women who delivered vaginally and secundiparous women who underwent their first vaginal birth after cesarean section (VBAC). A multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to study the association between VBAC and OASI.ResultsOverall, 36 250 primiparous and 1602 secundiparous women were enrolled, 309 of whom had OASI. The rates of OASI were similar among secundiparous women who had VBAC and primiparous women who underwent vaginal delivery (15 [0.94%] vs 294 [0.81%], P = 0.58). The proportions of third‐ and fourth‐degree tears were also similar among secundiparous and primiparous women who experienced OASI (87% vs 91.5%, and 13% vs 8.5%, respectively, P = 0.68). Furthermore, the rates of OASI were similar in both study groups, although secundiparous women who underwent VBAC had higher rates of birth weights exceeding 3500 g (414 [25.8%] vs 8284 [22.8%], P = 0.016), and higher rates of vacuum‐assisted deliveries (338 [21%] vs 6224 [17.2%], P < 0.001). A multivariate logistic regression analysis failed to establish a statistically significant association between VBAC and OASI (odds ratio 0.672, 95% confidence interval 0.281–1.61, P = 0.37).ConclusionsNo increased risk for OASI was found in secundiparous women who underwent VBAC compared with primiparous women at their first vaginal birth.
Distributional stochastic Planner‐Actor‐Critic for deformable image registration
Authors: Du Jianing , Chang Qing , Lian Li 
Published: May 2024

AbstractImage registration is a fundamental task in medical image analysis, and large deformation registration poses significant challenges due to substantial appearance differences between the fixed image and the moving image. With the advancement of artificial intelligence, reinforcement learning has been gradually incorporated into image registration tasks. Notably, Ziwei Luo, Jing Hu, and other researchers introduced the first reinforcement learning‐based large deformation registration model called Stochastic Planner‐Actor‐Critic (SPAC), achieving superior performance in large deformation registration compared with advanced deep learning registration methods, which is the only large deformation registration reinforcement learning model. However, the existing reinforcement learning model for large deformation registration do not consider the impact of Q‐value prediction accuracy on the overall task results. This study aims to investigate brain large deformation registration under the influence of Alzheimer's disease. To further improve the accuracy of brain large deformation registration, this paper combines the proven advanced Q‐value distribution prediction in reinforcement learning with the large deformation registration model SPAC, designing a distributional SPAC model (DSPAC). Subsequent experiments on the ADNI dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of this model.
Research on multi‐center assisted diagnosis of ASD based on multimodal feature fusion
Authors: Zhang Ru , Sheng Fangmin , Wang Lei , Zeng Weiming 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAutism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder, and structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) provide information about brain structure and function, aiding in objective ASD diagnosis. However, existing ASD classification methods face challenges such as sample scarcity, inter‐imaging center variations, insufficient single‐modality information, and inconsistent feature dimensions. This study introduced a method based on the Local Global Multimodal Domain Adaptation (LGMDA)‐Sparse Adaptive Prior Coupled Dictionary Learning (SACDL) framework. Initially, the LGMDA method was introduced to achieve multi‐source DA. By minimizing differences between different data domains while maximizing inter‐class differences within the same domain, it expands the sample size of multi‐modal data, addressing the issues of sample scarcity and heterogeneity in ASD data. Subsequently, the SACDL method was employed for multimodal fusion. It initialized dictionaries using the ATGP algorithm, combined sMRI and fMRI data for dictionary learning, adaptively adjusted sparsity parameters, and integrated ASD phenotype data for constrained optimization. It enables joint learning of shared and modality‐specific features, balancing differences in feature dimensions. Experimental results show that this model effectively utilizes multi‐center, multi‐modal information to achieve better auxiliary diagnosis than single‐modal small samples. This method has the potential to provide effective solutions for ASD multi‐source and multi‐modal classification problems, which are significant for ASD research and clinical diagnosis.
Long‐term effectiveness and generality of practical functional assessment and skill‐based treatment
Authors: Slaton Jessica D. , Davis Morgan , DePetris David A. , Raftery Katherine J. , Daniele Salvatore , Caruso Christina M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThere are several considerations to address when conducting functional communication training for challenging behavior in a school setting, such as the need for schedule thinning and maintenance across staff and the need to establish a variety of appropriate classroom skills. There are several strategies for conducting schedule thinning following functional communication training and for transferring effects across people or settings. However, there are few examples of these processes in natural settings with relevant caregivers and with long‐term maintenance of effects. We implemented a functional assessment and skill‐based treatment process with six children with autism in a specialized school setting and extended treatment until challenging behavior was reduced to near‐zero levels across multiple staff and settings. Follow‐up data indicate that effects were still observed 1 year posttreatment and the use of crisis procedures (e.g., physical restraint) was eliminated for all participants.
Evaluation of the QMAC‐dRAST System Version 2.5 for Rapid Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Gram‐Negative Bacteria From Positive Blood Culture Broth and Subcultured Colony Isolates
Authors: Kim Tae Yeul , Kang Minhee , Shim Hyang Jin , Kang On‐Kyun , Huh Hee Jae , Lee Nam Yong 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundRapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) for bloodstream infections (BSIs) facilitates the optimization of antimicrobial therapy, preventing antimicrobial resistance and improving patient outcomes. QMAC‐dRAST (QuantaMatrix Inc., Korea) is a rapid AST platform based on microfluidic chip technology that performs AST directly using positive blood culture broth (PBCB). This study evaluated the performance of QMAC‐dRAST for Gram‐negative bacteria using PBCB and subcultured colony isolates, comparing it with that of VITEK 2 (bioMérieux, France) using broth microdilution (BMD) as the reference method.MethodsWe included 141 Gram‐negative blood culture isolates from patients with BSI and 12 carbapenemase‐producing clinical isolates of Enterobacterales spiked into blood culture bottles. QMAC‐dRAST performance was evaluated using PBCB and colony isolates, whereas VITEK 2 and BMD were tested only on colony isolates.ResultsFor PBCB, QMAC‐dRAST achieved 92.1% categorical agreement (CA), 95.3% essential agreement (EA), with 1.8% very major errors (VMEs), 3.5% major errors (MEs), and 5.2% minor errors (mEs). With colony isolates, it exhibited 92.5% CA and 95.1% EA, with 2.0% VMEs, 3.2% MEs, and 4.8% mEs. VITEK 2 showed 94.1% CA and 96.0% EA, with 4.3% VMEs, 0.4% MEs, and 4.3% mEs. QMAC‐dRAST yielded elevated error rates for specific antimicrobial agents, with high VMEs for carbapenems and aminoglycosides. The median time to result for QMAC‐dRAST was 5.9 h for PBCB samples and 6.1 h for subcultured colony isolates.ConclusionsThe QMAC‐dRAST system demonstrated considerable strengths and comparable performance to the VITEK 2 system; however, challenges were discerned with specific antimicrobial agents, underlining a necessity for improvement.
Process development in Quality‐by‐Design paradigm for anti‐solvent aided crystallization: impact of crystallization parameters on particle morphology and dissolution behaviour of Dexlansoprazole active pharmaceutical ingredient
Authors: Garg Manu , Rathore Anurag Singh 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn this work, a process development study for the crystallization step of dexlansoprazole API has been demonstrated under the Quality‐by‐Design (QbD) paradigm. Dexlansoprazole (crystalline) samples prepared under different crystallization conditions of reactor temperature and addition time of anti‐solvent were subjected to solid‐state characterization with variety of analytical techniques, including X‐ray powder diffraction (XRPD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic vapour sorption (DVS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), particle size distribution (PSD) by laser diffraction and intrinsic dissolution rate (IDR).RESULTSThe crystalline samples were observed to have identical polymorphic phase integrity but differed in their physical characteristics. The particle size distribution and microscopy data collectively elucidated the particle growth kinetics and the extent of agglomeration could be correlated to crystallization conditions, namely reactor temperature and addition time of anti‐solvent. The intrinsic dissolution rate of samples was in good agreement with the morphological properties.CONCLUSIONAn empirical model has been proposed for intrinsic dissolution rate correlating with crystallization process parameters. In conclusion, it was possible to elucidate the impact of crystallization parameters on the solid‐state behaviour of dexlansoprazole for development of appropriate pharmaceutical dosage forms. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Omega‐3 fatty acids supplementation prevents learning and memory impairment induced by chronic ethanol consumption in adolescent male rats through restoration of inflammatory and oxidative responses
Authors: Haidary Murtaza , Ahmadi‐Soleimani S. Mohammad , Ghofraninezad Mina , Azhdari‐Zarmehri Hassan , Beheshti Farimah 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveEthanol (Eth) intake is known to cause numerous detrimental effects on the structure and function of the brain, and it is commonly used as a psychostimulant drug by adolescents. Conversely, omega‐3 (O3) can reduce the risk of cognitive decline and promote the maintenance of neurophysiological functions. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of O3 on behavioral alterations, oxidative stress, and interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) levels induced by chronic Eth intake during adolescence in rats.Materials and methodsAdolescent male rats (21 days old) were divided as follows: (1) Vehicle, (2) Eth (Eth in drinking water [20%]), (3–5) Eth + O3 (50/100/150 mg/kg), and (6) O3 (150 mg/kg). After 5 weeks, Morris water maze (MWM) and passive avoidance (PA) tests were performed, and the hippocampal and cortical levels of oxidative stress markers and inflammatory indices were measured.ResultsAdolescent Eth intake impairs learning and memory function in MWM and PA tests (groups × day, p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively). It was shown that Eth induced oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. O3 improved learning and impairment induced by Eth by reducing the adverse effects of Eth on the oxidant/antioxidant balance in the hippocampi (for malondialdehyde [MDA]/thiol: p < 0.01, p < 0.001, respectively) and for superoxide dismutase (SOD)/catalase (CAT): p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively). Furthermore, we found that O3 prevented the Eth‐induced increase of hippocampal IL‐6 (p < 0.001).ConclusionO3 supplementation acts as an effective approach to prevent learning and memory impairments induced by chronic Eth consumption during adolescence. In this respect, the antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties of O3 seem to be the main underlying mechanisms of neuroprotection.
Impact of anatomical liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma in preventing early‐phase local recurrence after surgery
Authors: Shimizu Akira , Kubota Koji , Notake Tsuyoshi , Kitagawa Noriyuki , Masuo Hitoshi , Yoshizawa Takahiro , Sakai Hiroki , Hayashi Hikaru , Yamazaki Shiori , Soejima Yuji 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe superiority of anatomical liver resection (AR) for localized hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) over nonanatomical liver resection (NR) remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the impact of AR in preventing local and early HCC recurrence.MethodsA total of 280 patients who underwent initial liver resection for solitary HCC ≤5 cm in diameter were categorized into the AR and NR groups and compared using propensity score matching analysis.ResultsBetween the matched pairs (n = 87 in each group), the incidence rates of local and early (recurrence within 2 years after surgery) recurrences in the AR group were significantly lower than those in the NR group (13.8% vs. 28.7%, p = .025; 20.7% vs. 35.6%, p = .028, respectively). The overall survival in the AR group was better than that in the NR group (median: 13.4 vs. 7.6 years, p = .003). NR was among independent risk factors for early recurrence (odds ratio: 1.98, 95% CI: 1.1–3.6, p = .023) and prognostic factors for local recurrence (hazard ratio: 2.44, 95% CI: 1.4–4.4, p = .003).ConclusionAR is superior in controlling local and early recurrence postoperatively for solitary HCC ≤5 cm in diameter compared with NR.
Characterization of tirzepatide‐treated patients achieving different glycemic control levels in SURPASS‐AP‐Combo
Authors: Bao Yuqian , Han Lin , Du Liying , Ji Linong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe study objective was to characterize subgroups of Asia‐Pacific patients with type 2 diabetes who achieved different glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) targets on tirzepatide treatment.MethodsThis was a post hoc analysis of the SURPASS AP‐Combo study. Baseline characteristics, changes in metabolic markers, and safety were compared between tirzepatide‐treated patients achieving HbA1c <7.0% (<53 mmol/mol) and those achieving ≥7.0% (≥53 mmol/mol) at week 40. Among patients achieving HbA1c <7.0% (<53 mmol/mol), further comparisons were conducted among subgroups achieving HbA1c <5.7% (<39 mmol/mol), 5.7% to 6.5% (39 to 48 mmol/mol), and >6.5% to <7.0% (>48 to <53 mmol/mol).ResultsFive hundred ninety‐eight patients on tirzepatide treatment without rescue medication were included (56.9% male; mean age: 53.1 years; mean baseline HbA1c: 8.7% [71.6 mmol/mol]). Patients achieving HbA1c <7.0% (<53 mmol/mol) versus ≥7.0% (≥53 mmol/mol) were slightly younger with a shorter disease duration and lower HbA1c at baseline, and they had greater improvements in HbA1c, fasting serum glucose, body weight, BMI, waist circumference, waist‐height ratio, diastolic blood pressure, lipids, and self‐monitored blood glucose at week 40. Patients achieving HbA1c <5.7% (<39 mmol/mol) versus those achieving 5.7% to 6.5% (39 to 48 mmol/mol) and those achieving >6.5% to <7.0% (>48 to <53 mmol/mol) were much younger, had much lower HbA1c, and had further improvements in metabolic markers. Tirzepatide treatment was well tolerated irrespective of the HbA1c level achieved, with a low incidence of hypoglycemic events.ConclusionsThese findings may help to inform clinical decisions in Asia‐Pacific patients with type 2 diabetes.
COVID‐19 infection in children, adolescents, and young adults with Down syndrome and hematologic malignancies
Authors: Foxworthy Blake , Dai Chen , Davis Elizabeth C. , Xavier Ana C. , Brackett Julienne , Dickens David , Kahn Alissa , Martinez Isaac , Sharma Archana , Schwalm Carla , Foley Jessica , Wilkes Jennifer ,   the POCC Consortium, Bhatia Smita , Levine Jennifer M. , Johnston Emily E. , Wolfson Julie A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionChildren, adolescents, and young adults (CAYAs) with Down syndrome (DS) and hematologic malignancies are particularly vulnerable to infections and related complications. There are limited data regarding COVID‐19 infections in this group. We aimed to understand the clinical course of COVID‐19 in this population.MethodsThis observational study leverages the de‐identified clinical and sociodemographic data captured by the Pediatric Oncology COVID‐19 Case Report Registry (POCC) regarding CAYAs with cancer and COVID‐19. We evaluated CAYAs (≤21 years at COVID‐19 infection) with hematologic malignancies and COVID‐19 reported from April 1, 2020 to May 2, 2023, comparing those with and without DS. Using multivariable logistic regression, we examined rates of hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, respiratory support, and changes in cancer‐directed therapy.ResultsAmong 1408 CAYAs with hematologic malignancies, 55 had DS (CAYA‐DS). CAYA‐DS had higher rates of hospitalization, ICU admission, and respiratory support (p < .001) than CAYAs without DS. Similarly, multivariable analyses found higher odds of hospitalization (odds ratio [OR] = 2.8, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.5–5.1), ICU admission (OR = 4.2, 95% CI: 1.9–9.1), and need for respiratory support (OR = 4.2, 95% CI: 2.0–8.8) among CAYA‐DS. Modifications to cancer‐directed therapy were more common among CAYA‐DS when related to neutropenia (p = .001), but not when unrelated to neutropenia (p = .88); CAYA‐DS did not have higher odds of changes to cancer‐directed therapy (OR = 1.20, 95% CI: 0.7–2.1).ConclusionsWe identify CAYA‐DS with hematologic malignancies as a vulnerable subpopulation at greater risk for severe COVID‐19 infection. This can inform conversations with patients and families regarding therapeutic and preventive measures, as well as the risks and benefits of modifying chemotherapy in the setting of COVID‐19.
Advanced hybrid composites: A comparative study of glass and basalt fiber reinforcements in erosive environments
Authors: Fidan Sinan , Özsoy Mehmet İskender , Bora Mustafa Özgür , Ürgün Satılmış 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study looks at how erosive wear affects hybrid composites made by vacuum infusing glass and basalt fibers into an epoxy matrix. The study uses garnet abrasives and a design experiment method to test how resistant these hybrid composites are to erosion at 30°, 60°, and 90° angles of impact. The analysis included three‐dimensional profilometry and scanning electron microscopy. Results show that glass layers enhance erosion resistance, whereas basalt layers increase wear. Key quantitative findings include erosion rates and mass loss, highlighting impingement angle and erosion time as critical factors. At a 30° angle, basalt exhibited more severe wear (erosion rate: 0.8090 mg/g for 20 s) compared to glass (erosion rate: 0.5683 mg/g). Conversely, at 90°, the erosion rate for basalt decreased to 0.3643 mg/g, indicating a decreased sensitivity to this steeper angle. According to the ANOVA, impingement angle and erosion time account for 30.08% and 50.25% of the erosion rate variance, respectively. These findings advance our understanding of material behavior in hybrid composites and emphasize the strategic selection and layering of materials for enhanced durability. This research contributes to developing more sustainable composites, demonstrating natural fibers' potential to improve mechanical properties and erosion resistance.Highlights
Glass layers enhance durability against erosive forces in hybrid composites.
Basalt layers accelerate erosion rates, showing a need for strategic layering.
Glass fiber reinforcement significantly improves wear performance.
Hybrid constructions with glass a top basalt balance flexibility and durability.
Emphasizes eco‐friendly advantages of natural materials in composites.