bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fuzzy sets and the organization of literary texts: a conceptualization and two‐stage pilot study
Authors: Paling Stephen 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe a conceptualization and two‐stage pilot study that explores ways in which fuzzy sets can be used to measure the indexability of literary texts.Design/methodology/approachParticipants provided a subject description for each in a series of literary and nonliterary texts. Each participant was also randomly assigned to one of three tasks: using a visual analog scale to rate the clarity of each text, using a visual analog scale to rate the confidence each participant felt in describing the subject of each text, or sorting the texts from most to least clear without the use of a visual analog scale. Nonparametric statistics and qualitative analysis were used to analyze the data.FindingsParticipants and coders used the visual analog scales successfully. The participants perceived literary texts as less clear than nonliterary texts, and expressed less confidence in their subject description of literary texts than in their descriptions of literary texts. The study found preliminary support for the idea that fuzzy sets can provide a useful theoretical basis for examining the indexability of texts.Originality/valueA measure of the indexability of literary texts could help provide sound theoretical guidance for construction of tools to organize those texts. A structured comparison of literary and nonliterary texts could help to build a theoretical base from which to make practical decisions about whether and how to perform subject analysis on each type of text.
Hierarchies of action: a concept for library and information science
Authors: Jones Bonna 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to bring the concept of a “hierarchy of action”, as it is currently being used in other fields, into library and information science (LIS).Design/methodology/approachHierarchy theory is adopted to describe three hierarchies of action, which include the human processes of semantic and social innovation, as well as a system of biological interpretence, from which human processes are thought to have evolved as a development of biosemiosis in nature. By way of example, it is argued that a text is a complex achievement, and hierarchy theory shows how to account for this complexity; the everyday definition of “text” is augmented with accounts from different levels of observation.FindingsThe concept of a hierarchy of action enables a person to account for a text as a meaning/symbolic product; include in that account the processes whereby texts are produced and used; and say why these processes are important to the health of the biosphere that is called home.Originality/value“Hierarchy of action” has been developed as a concept in biology and ecology; it belongs to a way of thinking whereby human reality, like nature, is construed as dynamical processes operating in symbiotic relationship with each other; it has not yet been adopted in LIS with reference to hierarchy theory and its potential is yet to be explored.
The modernity of classification
Authors: Mai Jens‐Erik 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the modernity of current classification theory and work, and outline a foundation for moving classification toward a late‐modern conception.Design/methodology/approachThe paper examines the conceptual foundation for current modern classification work, provides critical analysis of that approach, and outlines three conflicts with modernity that shape the path out of the consequences of modernity.FindingsThe paper presents an understanding of classification that establishes classification on a late‐modern epistemology, and it lays the contours of how to reclaim the intellectual core of classification theory and work.Originality/valueThe paper establishes a foundation for rethinking classification work, outlines consequences of current mainstream work, and provides concept for developing late‐modern classification theory and practice.
Public libraries: pathways to making Botswana an educated, informed nation
Authors: Maswabi Tshepo , Sethate Tiroyamodimo , Sebusang Sebusang E.M. , Taolo Resego 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to discuss how implementing a public access to ICT project, Sesigo, at Botswana public libraries can help contribute to the achievement of the national goal of an informed, educated nation by 2016. It further shares ICT training experiences, achievements and challenges as the project evolves.Design/methodology/approachThe paper combines results from two sources of information, contracted studies (needs assessment, baseline and impact studies) as well as Sesigo project implementation data captured at public libraries. Analysis of this data forms the basis for the paper as it outlines the project's experiences and progress made in ICT training at Botswana public libraries.FindingsDeploying technology in Botswana's public libraries is changing people's perceptions about libraries especially their perceived value; that they are not just for students. It is becoming clear that even people with low literacy levels are able to learn and be proficient in using technology. Training librarians on ICTs has a ripple effect since they then train and/or assist users on ICTs, who are then able to search for information autonomously.Originality/valueThis paper is amongst the first formal documentation of the Sesigo project. It shows the potential impact that public libraries equipped with ICTs can have on the overall desire to provide equitable access to ICT's. It also shows libraries as the natural platform for accessing e‐government information, and thus should be supported by governments to provide access to those who would otherwise not afford it.
Enhancing democracy and good governance
Authors: Kigongo‐Bukenya Isaac M.N. , Kaddu Sarah 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThis paper seeks to advance the case for designing an information and knowledge management curriculum (IKMC) to produce information and knowledge management professionals (IKMPs) in the Standing Conference of Eastern, Central and Southern Africa Library and Information Associations (SCECSAL) region. It highlights challenges and solutions and proposes a model IKMC.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based on the analysis of literature on Library and Information Science (LIS) curriculum design, implementation and review; research findings by renowned LIS curriculum experts; discussions and sharing experiences with colleagues in LIS education institutions – Eastern African School of Library and Information Science and LIS departments at the Uganda Christian University and Kyambogo University in addition to the author's research and publications on curriculum design and management.FindingsThe paper posits that the SCECSAL region is already in the Information and Knowledge Society (IKS) and that appropriate information and knowledge (IK) are pre‐requisites to the promotion and sustainability of democracy and good governance (Gg). It emphasises that information and knowledge management (IKM) are the corner stones of the IKS, because they constitute the framework of theory and competencies vital in managing information and knowledge. Furthermore, effective IKM is the pillar of producing the IKMPs themselves, a product of appropriate and well managed IKMC. The paper proposes an IKMC Model capable of producing IKMPs in the SCECSAL region.Originality/valueThe proposed curriculum model should be the framework to be adopted by the LIS education and training institutions in the SCECSAL region to produce IKMPs with theory and competencies to manage the IKS towards enhancing democracy and Gg.
Advocacy and evidence for sustainable public computer access
Authors: Sawaya Janet , Maswabi Tshepo , Taolo Resego , Andrade Pablo , Moreno Grez Máximo , Pacheco Pilar , Paberza Kristine , Vigante Sandra , Kurutyte Agniete , Rutkauskiene Ugne , Jeżowska Jolanta , Kochanowicz Maciej 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThis paper aims to draw together the evidence‐based advocacy experience of five national programs focused on developing public access information and communications technologies (ICT) via public libraries as grantees of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation's Global Libraries Initiative.Design/methodology/approachThe authors describe a common approach to strategic advocacy and to impact planning and assessment. They then outline the experience of each program in using a range of evidence to help meet specific advocacy objectives. They give particular attention to how each program is using specific evidence to convince key players of the importance of public access ICT provided by public libraries in meeting the objectives of the key players.FindingsThis collective experience shows that when advocating at the national level, statistical data and empirical evidence can demonstrate that public libraries contribute to stakeholders' goals. Such data can include technology skills that users have gained as well as how users improve their businesses, become better educated, and access government services. Common denominators from the programs include a disproportionate positive impact achieved (or anticipated) in rural communities and on relatively disadvantaged groups such as older workers, old people and unemployed people.Practical implicationsBoth the general approach to evidence‐based advocacy described and the specific messages about targeting advocacy efforts on key players and on the service users who are most likely to benefit from public access ICT are of potential value to anyone planning a national, regional or local advocacy program focused on public libraries and their services.Social implicationsAs the paper deals with global library advocacy issues, and impact planning, it is hoped it is a step towards more measurable social impact for libraries.Originality/valueThis is the first full public report of the Global Libraries approach to evidence‐based advocacy as conducted in the five countries represented in the paper. It is part of a steadily growing body of knowledge being amassed by Global Libraries about effective provision of public access ICT via public libraries in a range of countries.
Population ecology theory: implications for sustainability
Authors: Salimath Manjula S. , Jones Raymond 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe paper has dual objectives. First, the paper aims to consolidate prior research in the area of population ecology theory and provide a review and critique of this influential organizational theory. The review is both broad and extensive, covering all major theoretical streams in population ecology. Second, the paper aims to highlight a new and hitherto unexplored area for future research, which lies at the intersection of population ecology and sustainability.Design/methodology/approachThe extensive and broad review included all salient published scholarly work on the topic of population ecology from 1996‐2010. Findings are reported in nine separate tables, classified by primary research focus, chronology, author, etc. Additionally, a brief summary of prior research on sustainability is provided.FindingsPopulation ecology continues as a valuable and influential perspective for organizational scholars. In comparison, sustainability is a relatively new entrant in the organizational literature, since 2008. Several areas of convergence between population ecology and sustainability exist (construct dimensions, levels of analysis and outcomes). An important gap in the literature allows future research agendas to be pursued.Practical implicationsThe major, and most widespread, global implication is that unsustainable organizational practices and strategies may be selected by ecological pressures, and that such organizations may face a decline in population density, or mortality. Sustainable practices may allow for greater firm density and a rise in survival rates for organizational populations. Future research directions investigating population ecology links to sustainability are provided.Originality/valueThis is the first instance where the potential contribution of population ecology to sustainability in organizations is provided.
The effects of 9/11/2001 on business strategy variability in the US air carrier industry
Authors: Goll Irene , Rasheed Abdul A. 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the effects of 9/11/2001 on strategic variability in the US air carrier industry. The paper also seeks to examine the role of firm size in these relationships.Design/methodology/approachThe paper tests two different perspectives on organizational adaptation to environmental jolts: the punctuated equilibrium model and institutional isomorphism. The two counter hypotheses predict either increasing or decreasing variability in strategic response to 9/11, respectively. This is a longitudinal study of the US air carrier industry. The sample includes the major, national, and large regional air carriers in the US from 1979 (post‐deregulation) to 2008. The data come from archival sources. The study includes measures of variability in differentiation and low cost strategies as well as scope.FindingsTime series regressions examine the effects of the 9/11 jolt on business strategy variability in the majors, nationals, and large regionals. The results lend some support to both perspectives on organizational adaptation. Air carrier size had a significant relationship to strategic variability.Originality/valueThe paper studies the behavior of firms in the US air carrier industry following the terrorist attacks of 9/11/2001. It examines two different theoretical approaches to environmental jolts and should provide useful information to both academics and managers who are interested in the effects of significant environmental changes on the behavior of an industry.
Going social at Vancouver Public Library: what the virtual branch did next
Authors: Cahill Kay 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to follow up on the 2009 publication “Building a virtual branch at Vancouver Public Library (VPL) using Web 2.0 tools” and to explore the work that VPL has been doing in the social media space over the past two years.Design/methodology/approachFollowing the launch of its new web site in 2008, Vancouver Public Library has continued to expand its online presence, both via its own web properties and in the social media space. At the core of the library's approach to web services is the desire to take the community development model online, and engage with communities in the spaces of their choosing.FindingsThe Web Team has been active in moving into the social media space, and was an early adopter of popular social networking sites such as Facebook and Twitter. The social bookmarking site Delicious also became an integral part of the new web site, being used as a management tool for the library's extensive collection of recommended web links. Since 2008 the Web Team has piloted a variety of other Web 2.0 and social media tools, pushing the library's online presence into new spaces while continuing to build on the successes experienced by its established accounts.Originality/valueLibraries are very conscious of the need to leverage social media tools to engage with patrons, but are also facing the challenge of managing these tools with reduced staff and funding. VPL's success in this space offers a model of how to use these tools effectively to engage patrons, develop community, and maximize resources in a time of constrained budgets.
Special features of the advanced loans module of the ABCD integrated library system
Authors: de Smet Egbert 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe “advanced loans” module of the relatively new library software, ABCD, is an addition to the normal loans module and it offers a “generic transaction decision‐making engine” funtionality. The module requires extra installation effort and parameterisation, so this article aims to explain to the many potentially interested libraries, especially from the target‐group of ABCD users, why and how to use the module in comparison with the basic loans module.Design/methodology/approachAfter a brief history the technical concepts of the software and the required technical skills to use them are described.FindingsThe article concludes that for libraries with specific conditions (external user registration, high transactional volumes, multi‐policy) the extra burden of installing the software might be worth the effort.Practical implicationsThe installation and configuration of the software are briefly described and the possible gains offered by the software are highlighted.Originality/valuePotential users of the ABCD software will get useful information for helping to decide whether to use the additional advanced loans module.
Influence of some antioxidants on the oxidative stability of Rimula D lubricating oil
Authors: Ahmad Imtiaz , Shakirullah M. , Ishaq M. , Arsala Khan M. , ullah Jan 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate some cheap and highly stable additives to improve the quality of lubricating oil.Design/methodology/approachThe study was performed using phenol, p‐cresol and pyrogallol as antioxidants. The concentration of each antioxidant was varied between 0 and 1 per cent. Sample (50 ml) blended with the antioxidant was taken in the same trap. The trap was placed on water both maintained at a temperature of 50°C. Air was bubbled for the time duration of 6 h. After 6 h, the contents of the trap were carefully collected and characterized. The oxidation was performed in a specially designed glass made U‐shaped trap in the absence and presence of antioxidants. The trap containing sample was tied with an iron stand. Air was bubbled through the sample. The bubbling was assisted by the suction pump at room temperate (24°C). The sample was aerated for time duration of 6 h. After 6 h, the contents of the trap were carefully collected in a dried bottle for physicochemical tests.FindingsThe results indicate that phenol is the best antioxidant in concentration of 0.5 per cent amongst the three antioxidants used at room temperature as well as at 50°C. Amongst the antioxidants used, the order of suitability is phenol > pyrogallol > p‐creosol.Originality/valueThe antioxidants studied will help increase the service time of the lubricant to save money and to avoid environmental problems arising from careless disposal of used lubricating oils.
Optimization of surface roughness in drilling using vegetable‐based cutting oils developed from sunflower oil
Authors: Ozcelik Babur , Kuram Emel , Demirbas Erhan , Şik Emrah 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the performance of four cutting oils, two different vegetable‐based cutting fluids developed from refined sunflower oil and two commercial types (semi‐synthetic and mineral), for surface roughness during drilling of AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel with HSSE tool.Design/methodology/approachL9 (33) orthogonal array was used for the experiment plan. Spindle speed, feed rate and drilling depth were considered as machining parameters.FindingsResults were evaluated statistically. Mathematical models based on cutting parameters were obtained from regression analyses to predict surface roughness. ANOVA was used to determine the effect of the cutting parameters on the surface roughness. The performance results were found to be better for vegetable‐based cutting oils than that of commercial ones.Originality/valueThe paper reports on the use of refined sunflower oil in drilling stainless steel.
Inherent restriction on stability of rotor‐aerostatic bearing system
Authors: Chen Cheng‐Hsien , Tsai Te‐Hui , Yang Ding‐Wen , Kang Yuan , Chang Yeon‐Pun 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study the influences of both the number and locations of entry holes on the static and dynamic characteristics of a rigid rotor supported by two double‐rows, inherently compensated aerostatic bearings.Design/methodology/approachThe air is assumed to be perfect gas undergoing the adiabatic process and passing through entry holes into the bearing clearance. Air film in the clearance is governed by Reynolds equation including the coupled effects of wedge due to rotor rotation and squeezed film due to rotor oscillation.FindingsThe method is used to analyze Reynolds equation, which is then solved by the finite difference method and numerical integration to yield static and dynamic characteristics of air film. The equation of motion of the rotor‐bearing system is obtained by using the perturbation method and the eigensolution method is used to determine the stability threshold and critical whirl ratio.Originality/valueThe paper considers the eccentricity, rotor speed, and restriction parameter in the analysis of the whirl instability of the rotor‐aerostatic bearing system for the comparisons between various designs in the number and locations of entry holes of aerostatic bearings.
Entrepreneurship perceptions and career intentions of international students
Authors: Davey Todd , Plewa Carolin , Struwig Miemie 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThis paper aims to identify the differences between African and European students with regard to their entrepreneurial intentions, attitudes towards entrepreneurship, role models and entrepreneurial experience. It also aims to set the scene for future comparative research between developing and developed countries in the area of graduate entrepreneurship.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative empirical research design was applied, using self‐administered questionnaires. Questionnaires were distributed to first‐year business students at universities in three African countries that are either developing (Uganda and Kenya) or emerging (South Africa) and four European developed nations (Finland, Germany, Ireland, and Portugal).FindingsThe results indicate that students from developing/emerging economies are more likely to envisage future careers as entrepreneurs and are more positive towards entrepreneurship than their industrialised European counterparts, even though motivators for employment/self‐employment are similar across the samples. The type of role models used and the extent of entrepreneurial experience varied between individual countries.Research limitations/implicationsLimitations include the use of a convenience sample and its restriction on the use of statistics, a single data collection point and a sample across seven countries on two continents.Practical implicationsThe results lead to universal and country‐specific recommendations relating to the improvement of student‐oriented entrepreneurship activities within universities.Originality/valueThe paper extends research on graduate entrepreneurship by providing an international comparison of entrepreneurship intentions, attitudes and experiences between developing/emerging and developed nations, leading to suggestions on how to foster an entrepreneurial spirit and assist new‐venture creations for students.