bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Second‐line treatments after first‐line gefitinib therapy in advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer
Authors: Wu Jenn‐Yu , Shih Jin‐Yuan , Yang Chih‐Hsin , Chen Kuan‐Yu , Ho Chao‐Chi , Yu Chong‐Jen , Yang Pan‐Chyr 
Published: June 2009

AbstractGefitinib is effective as first‐line therapy for advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, after failure of gefitinib, it is unknown whether any second‐line regimens could lead to better outcomes. To study the influence of different second‐line antitumor regimens on the outcomes of patients with NSCLC after failure of first‐line gefitinib, we carried out a retrospective study in a tertiary referral medical center to investigate the prognosis of patients with NSCLC receiving second‐line antitumor treatment after gefitinib therapy. Clinical data and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutational status of tumors were collected. A total of 195 patients with Stage IIIb or IV NSCLC receiving first‐line gefitinib and at least 1 subsequent line therapy were identified. A second‐line therapy with a platinum‐based combination or taxane‐containing regimen were associated with a higher therapy response, whereas a platinum‐based combination was linked to better overall survival. Ninety‐five patients had tumors with known EGFR mutation status; 61 had EGFR mutations and 34 had wild‐type EGFR. A second‐line therapy with a gemcitabine/platinum combination regimen resulted in better overall survival than erlotinib in patients with EGFR mutations (p = 0.035) but not in patients with wild‐type EGFR (p = 0.785). The study suggested that, after failure of first‐line gefitinib therapy, second‐line platinum‐based combination regimens were associated with a better overall survival than other regimens, including erlotinib. The survival benefit of platinum‐based combination regimens existed in patients with mutant EGFR but not wild‐type EGFR.
Nanostructuration of titania films prepared by self‐assembly to affect cell adhesion
Authors: Bass John D. , Belamie Emmanuel , Grosso David , Boissiere Cédric , Coradin Thibaud , Sanchez Clément 
Published: June 2009

AbstractNanostructured and dense titania films prepared by evaporation‐induced self‐assembly (EISA) are shown to possess tunable topographical nanoscale features on the order 2–12 nm. Thermal treatment (calcination) induces a transition from amorphous titania to crystalline anatase that modifies the chemical and structural properties of the surfaces via the migration of matter. For nanostructured films, the nanoporous network changes from organized ellipsoidal pores, ∼4 nm × 2 nm, to a grid‐like structure with pores on the order of 12 nm, whereas dense films show a slight roughening of the surface. Cells seeded on templated films show measurable, statistically significant differences in morphology compared with cells seeded on dense films. Moreover, although crystallization of templated films results in surfaces that promote less well‐spread cells with higher circularities, the opposite trend is observed for dense films. As such, these results represent a new method to tailor interfaces for biomaterial applications, using EISA to control material patterning on the nanoscale. This self‐assembly based approach allows the patterning on size scales that are inaccessible by most traditional techniques while offering the added potential to package and control the release of bioactive molecules. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010
Characterization of pH‐responsive hydrogels of poly(itaconic acid‐g‐ethylene glycol) prepared by UV‐initiated free radical polymerization as biomaterials for oral delivery of bioactive agents
Authors: Betancourt Tania , Pardo Juan , Soo Ken , Peppas Nicholas A. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractEffective oral delivery of proteins is impeded by steep pH gradients and proteolytic enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract, as well as low absorption of the proteins into the bloodstream because of their size, charge, or solubility. In this work, pH‐responsive complexation hydrogels of poly(itaconic acid) (PIA) with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) grafts were synthesized for applications in oral drug delivery. These hydrogels were expected to be in collapsed configuration at low pH because of hydrogen bonding between PIA carboxyl groups and PEG, and to swell with increasing pH because of charge repulsion between deprotonated carboxylic acid groups. Hydrogels were prepared by UV‐initiated free radical polymerization using tetraethylene glycol as the crosslinking agent and Irgacure® 2959 as the initiator. The effect of monomer ratios, crosslinking ratio, and solvent amount on the properties of the hydrogels were investigated. The composition of the hydrogels was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Equilibrium swelling studies in the pH range of 1.2–7 revealed that the extent of swelling increased with increasing pH up to a pH of about 6, when no further carboxylic acid deprotonation occurred. Studies in Caco‐2 colorectal carcinoma cells confirmed the cytocompatibility of these materials at concentrations of up to 5 mg/mL. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 2010
A dexamethasone‐loaded PLGA microspheres/collagen scaffold composite for implantable glucose sensors
Authors: Ju Young Min , Yu Bazhang , West Leigh , Moussy Yvonne , Moussy Francis 
Published: June 2009

AbstractWe have developed a new dexamethasone (Dex)‐loaded poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) microspheres/porous collagen scaffold composite for implantable glucose sensors. The scaffolds were fabricated around the sensing element of the sensors and crosslinked using nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA). The microspheres containing Dex were incorporated into the NDGA‐crosslinked collagen scaffold by dipping in microsphere suspension in either water or Pluronic. The loading efficiencies of Dex in the microspheres and the scaffold were determined using high performance liquid chromatography. The microspheres/scaffold composite fabricated using microspheres in the hydrogel solution had a better loading efficiency than when microspheres were in water suspension. The composite fabricated using the hydrogel also showed a slower and more sustained drug release than the standard microspheres in vitro during a 4 week study and did not significantly affect the function of the sensors in vitro. The sensors with the composite that were still functional retained above 50% of their original sensitivity at 2 weeks. Histology showed that the inflammatory response to the Dex‐loaded composite was much lower than for the control scaffold at 2 and 4 weeks after implantation. The Dex‐loaded composite system might be useful to reduce inflammation to implanted glucose sensors and therefore extend their function and lifetime. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010
Macrophage fusion leading to foreign body giant cell formation persists under phagocytic stimulation by microspheres in vitro and in vivo in mouse models
Authors: Jay Steven M. , Skokos Eleni A. , Zeng Jianmin , Knox Kristin , Kyriakides Themis R. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe formation of surface‐damaging foreign body giant cells (FBGC) from the fusion of macrophages is considered a hallmark of the foreign body response. Experimental evidence indicates that when macrophages are unable to internalize foreign bodies via phagocytosis due to their large size, they acquire a fusogenic phenotype. The mechanism behind this transformation is unclear, and questions, such as which phenotype takes precedence for co‐stimulated macrophages engaged in the foreign body response and whether or not such phenotypic alteration is graded, remain unanswered. By recapitulating fusion in vitro using cell lines and primary mouse bone marrow‐derived macrophages, we investigated whether concurrent exposure of macrophages to phagocytic and fusogenic stimuli would limit fusion. Induction of phagocytosis by addition of 3.0 μm‐diameter polystyrene microspheres to cells under fusogenic conditions, at ratios of 1:10, 1:1, and 10:1 did not prevent fusion. To determine the effect of microsphere phagocytosis on fusion in vivo, we first determined the kinetics of monocyte recruitment, surface adhesion, and fusion following intraperitoneal implantation of a foreign body in a mouse model. Concomitant or subsequent injection of microspheres resulted in their significant accumulation at the biomaterial surface at 2 weeks, but FBGC were still detected. Our findings indicate that despite increasing the abundance of a phagocytic stimulus (microspheres), significant FBGC formation occurs. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 2010
Cognitive‐behavioral therapy for individuals at high risk of developing psychosis
Authors: Addington Jean , Mancuso Enza 
Published: June 2009

AbstractEarly intervention for psychosis has become an established clinical practice. Research is now focusing on identifying individuals in the pre‐psychotic period when they appear to be putatively prodromal for psychosis. Criteria have been established for identifying these young people who are at clinical high risk, and there have been some early studies testing both pharmacological and psychological treatments. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has been tested as a potentially effective intervention in this group. Here, we describe two cases that were treated with CBT. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol: In Session 65: 879–890, 2009.
Prenatal diagnosis of VACTERL syndrome and partial caudal regression syndrome: A previously unreported association
Authors: Gedikbasi Ali , Yararbas Kanay , Yildirim Gokhan , Yildirim Dogukan , Arslan Oguz , Gul Ahmet , Ceylan Yavuz 
Published: June 2009

AbstractWe describe a case of VACTERL syndrome associated with type 1 unilateral caudal regression syndrome. The abnormal sonographic findings at 26 weeks included hemivertebrae, scoliosis, hypoplastic and deformed lumbar spine and sacrum, preaxial polydactyly on the left hand, duplicated hallux on the left foot and hemihypoplasia of the left lower limb, bilateral club foot, and single umbilical artery. Postmortem examination confirmed prenatal sonographic findings with additional findings of supernumerary rib at the lumbar level and anal atresia. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 2009
Improved analyte detectability of proteins and peptide lysates by means of multiple large‐volume injection in LC‐MS
Authors: Storme Michael L. , t'Kindt Ruben S. , Van Bocxlaer Jan F. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractA ‘multiple (trapping) large‐volume injection’ approach was developed for the analysis of peptides and proteins. In this way, a maximally 10‐fold gain in sensitivity could be achieved. The system involves the use of an automated 10‐port switching valve in combination with a 1 mm i.d. trapping/guard column and a 1 mm i.d.×150 mm analytical column. The optimized multiple injection/loading procedure allows quantitative measurements of peptides and protein lysates. Linear calibration curves (R2 ⪈ 0.988) over a minimum of two orders of magnitude were generated for a range of peptide and protein standards with sensitivities equal to or even exceeding, those generally achieved only through increasing miniaturization (quantification limit ⪈0.5 pmol/mL).
The association between interferon regulatory factor 6 (IRF6) and nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate in a Honduran population
Authors: Diercks Gillian R. , Karnezis Tom T. , Kent David T. , Flores Carlos , Su Gloria H. , Lee Joseph H. , Haddad Joseph 
Published: June 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Interferon regulatory factor 6 (IRF6), the gene that causes van der Woude syndrome (VWS), is a candidate gene for nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCLP) because a number of studies have supported an association between NSCLP and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IRF6 in several populations. This project investigated the contribution of IRF6 to NSCLP in the Honduran population, a previously unstudied group with a high prevalence of NSCLP.Study Design:Family‐based joint linkage and association study.Methods:A set of five SNPs in and around IRF6 previously reported to be associated with NSCLP were tested for association with NSCLP in 276 affected and unaffected Honduran individuals from 59 families with at least two members affected by clefting and at least one member with confirmed NSCLP.Results:We observed support of linkage for three SNPs—rs1856161, rs2235371, and rs2235377—under a dominant model (log of odds [LODs] = 1.97, 1.56, 1.73, respectively). Subsequent single‐point, haplotype, and joint linkage and association analyses continued to support the association with NSCLP (P ≤ .05) at these three SNPs. When analysis was restricted to NSCLP cases, excluding cleft palate only cases, support for association strengthened.Conclusions:This is the first study to demonstrate that three candidate SNPs within IRF6 are significantly associated with NSCLP in the Honduran population, providing the first genetic clue to NSCLP observed in the Honduran population and confirming findings from populations in other parts of the world. Further studies are needed to identify the putative variant(s). Laryngoscope, 2009
Incidence of seropositivity to bordetella pertussis and mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in patients with chronic laryngotracheitis
Authors: Beaver Mary Es , Karow Colleen M. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Determine the incidence of bordetella pertussis and mycoplasma pneumonia infection in patients with chronic laryngotracheitis.Study Design:A prospective case study.Methods:Fifty‐four consecutive adult patients presenting with symptoms (throat clearing, hoarseness, cough, globus) and signs (laryngeal and subglottic erythema and edema) of chronic laryngotracheitis (CLTR) for >6 weeks were included in the study. A single blood draw for anti‐pertussis toxin IgG, IgA, IgM, and mycoplasma IgM was performed at presentation. Duration of symptoms, symptom score (Reflux Symptom Index [RSI]), and physical exam score were recorded.Results:Thirteen patients (24%) had elevated IgA and IgG to pertussis toxin. Nine patients (17%) had elevated IgM to pertussis toxin. Eight patients (15%) had elevated IgM to mycoplasma pneumoniae. There were no significant differences in symptom duration, RSI score, or Voice Handicap Index‐10 score among patients with current infection, recent past infection, or no infection. Subglottic erythema scores were significantly higher for patients with current or recent past infection compared to the no infection group. Patients with current infection or recent past infection had significantly more tracheal erythema than supraglottic or vocal fold erythema.Conclusions:Bordetella pertussis and mycoplasma pneumoniae infection play a significant role in the etiology of CLTR. Pertussis can be a mild but chronic presentation and may not produce typical symptoms of severe cough. Symptom duration and severity cannot differentiate between CLTR of infectious or other etiology. Infection should be considered in patients with CLTR that have significant tracheal erythema. Laryngoscope, 2009
1H, 13C, 19F and 11B NMR spectral reference data of some potassium organotrifluoroborates
Authors: Oliveira Roberta A. , Silva Ricardo O. , Molander Gary A. , Menezes Paulo H. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractComplete 1H, 13C, 19F and 11B NMR spectral data for 28 potassium organotrifluoroborates are described. The resonance for the carbon bearing the boron atom is described for most of the studied compounds. A modified 11B NMR pulse sequence was used and better resolution was observed allowing the observation of 11B–19F coupling constants for some of the studied compounds. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Predicting the dependency of a degree of saturation on void ratio and suction using effective stress principle for unsaturated soils
Authors: Mašín David 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe paper presents an approach to predicting variation of a degree of saturation in unsaturated soils with void ratio and suction. The approach is based on the effective stress principle for unsaturated soils and several underlying assumptions. It focuses on the main drying and wetting processes and does not incorporate the effects of hydraulic hysteresis. It leads to the dependency of water retention curve (WRC) on void ratio, which does not require any material parameters apart from the parameters specifying WRC for the reference void ratio. Its validity is demonstrated by comparing predictions with the experimental data on four different soils taken over from the literature. Good correlation between the measured and predicted behaviour indirectly supports applicability of the effective stress principle for unsaturated soils. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A general regularization of the hypersingular integrals in the symmetric Galerkin boundary element method
Authors: Bonnet G. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe symmetric Galerkin boundary element method is used to solve boundary value problems by keeping the symmetric nature of the matrix obtained after discretization. The matrix elements are obtained from a double integral involving the double derivative of Green's operator, which is highly singular. The paper presents a regularization of the hypersingular integrals which depend only on the properties of Green's tensor. The method is presented in the case of Laplace's operator, with an example of application. The case of elasticity is finally addressed theoretically, showing an easy extension to any case of anisotropy. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The why and how of volunteering
Authors: Handy Femida , Hustinx Lesley 
Published: June 2009

AbstractVolunteers: A Social Profile, by Marc A. Musick and John Wilson. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2007. 680 pp., $39.95 cloth.The Decision to Volunteer: Why People Give Their Time and How You Can Engage Them, by Beth Gazley and Monica Dignam. Washington, D.C.: ASAE and the Center for Association Leadership, 2008. 144 pp., $89.85 paper.Challenges in Volunteer Management, edited by Matthew Liao‐Troth. Charlotte, N.C.: Information Age, 2008. 292 pp., $73.99 cloth, $39.99 paper.
Non‐basal plane SiC surfaces: Anisotropic structures and low‐dimensional electron systems
Authors: Starke Ulrich 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe polytype dependent stacking sequence in SiC is exposed on its non‐basal plane surfaces, and thus complex and anisotropic surface reconstructions can be expected. Detailed investigations of the atomic and electronic structure of a ‐plane (11$ \bar 2 $0) surfaces and diagonal cuts, namely (1$ \bar 1 $02) and ($ \bar 1 $10$ \bar 2 $) surfaces of 4H‐SiC are reviewed. After hydrogen etching the surfaces show large, flat terraces. Preparation in ultra‐high vacuum (UHV) leads to the development of well ordered surface phases. On 4H‐SiC(11$ \bar 2 $0) three unique and distinguishable (1 × 1) phases can be identified by monitoring the LEED spot intensities. On 4H‐SiC(1$ \bar 1 $02) surfaces three well ordered phases with different periodicity appear. The Si rich (2 × 1) phase is characterized by an ordered array of Si‐adatom chains which host an electronic surface state that is confined within the chains. A c(2 × 2) phase exists at a surface composition close to SiC bulk. At high temperatures a (1 × 1) phase develops which is carbon terminated with a graphite‐like bond configuration. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Characterization of Ce‐rich coating on carbon surface by immersing in an aqueous solution containing Ce ions
Authors: Wang Chunyu , Chen Guoqin , Wen Guangwu , Wu Gaohui 
Published: June 2009

AbstractSurface modification of carbon fibers with Ce‐rich coating was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and it is shown that a Ce‐rich coating can protect carbon fibers. After the carbon surface was scratched crosswise, self‐healing behavior of carbon surface with chemical immersion treatment from Ce salt solution was investigated at various immersion times. The Ce‐rich compounds deposited easily on the scratch sites, filling it with Ce‐rich compounds. Such self‐healing behavior enables the carbon surface to protect itself. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results indicate that Ce4+ was the dominant oxidation state for the Ce‐rich coating on the carbon surface. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Investigation of historical documents for forensic purposes by x‐ray fluorescence spectrometry
Authors: Pessanha S. , Manso M. , Guilherme A. , Costa M. , Carvalho M. L. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThis work shows the suitability of energy dispersive x‐ray fluorescence (EDXRF) in the field of forensic document examination. The identification and quantification of the elemental composition of the paper and inks of books and documents can shed some light on its authenticity and authorship. The concentrations of S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, Co, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Br, Rb, Sr, Ba and Pb were determined in these samples in order to characterise them.In this work, paper sheets of an early 20th century book were analysed in order to distinguish different paper manufacturers. The analysis of two historical documents (18th and 19th centuries) was performed in order to investigate the authenticity of the documents by analysing the ink of the signatures and the corresponding text. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A behavioral Bayes method to determine the sample size of a clinical trial considering efficacy and safety
Authors: Kikuchi Takashi , Gittins John 
Published: June 2009

AbstractIt is necessary for the calculation of sample size to achieve the best balance between the cost of a clinical trial and the possible benefits from a new treatment. Gittins and Pezeshk developed an innovative (behavioral Bayes) approach, which assumes that the number of users is an increasing function of the difference in performance between the new treatment and the standard treatment. The better a new treatment, the more the number of patients who want to switch to it. The optimal sample size is calculated in this framework. This BeBay approach takes account of three decision‐makers, a pharmaceutical company, the health authority and medical advisers. Kikuchi, Pezeshk and Gittins generalized this approach by introducing a logistic benefit function, and by extending to the more usual unpaired case, and with unknown variance. The expected net benefit in this model is based on the efficacy of the new drug but does not take account of the incidence of adverse reactions. The present paper extends the model to include the costs of treating adverse reactions and focuses on societal cost‐effectiveness as the criterion for determining sample size. The main application is likely to be to phase III clinical trials, for which the primary outcome is to compare the costs and benefits of a new drug with a standard drug in relation to national health‐care. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Auditing in organizations: A theoretical concept and empirical evidence
Authors: Penini Gad , Carmeli Abraham 
Published: June 2009

AbstractAlthough auditing in organizations is an important mechanism in developing better corporate processes and knowledge, little has been done to address such key questions as a definition of quality auditing, how it is enabled or its impact and outcomes. This study presents a model of auditing quality in public sector organizations, operationalizes it. In addition, this research examines the role of perceived organizational support (POS) in building auditing quality and the extent to which the latter affects organizational outcomes. The findings of a multi‐stage investigation coupled with various sources of data indicate that six components are crucial to auditing quality. In addition, it is shown that POS is an important enabler of auditing quality, which in turn results in positive organizational outcomes. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.