bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drainage reorganization and divide migration driven by basin subsidence: An example from the Micang Shan, outskirts of eastern Tibet and its implications for Cenozoic evolution of the Yangtze River
Authors: Ye Yijia , Tan Xibin , Liu Yiduo , Bian Shuang , Zhou Chao , Zeng Xun , Shi Feng , Gao Mingxing 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe Cenozoic India‐Asia collision has elevated the Tibetan Plateau and produced large strike‐slip faults in the interior and margins of the plateau, which profoundly influenced drainage reorganization and divide migration in Asia. Recent studies have revealed that the drainage divides between the major rivers in and around the Tibetan Plateau have been migrating for tens of millions of years, due to tectonic and/or climatic disturbance or river capture events. Drainage‐divide stability analysis can provide new, independent insights into the Cenozoic evolution of the river systems. In this study, we focus on the Hanzhong Basin and the adjacent Micang Shan (Shan means Mountain(s)) at the tail of the Qingchuan strike‐slip fault in the outskirts of eastern Tibet. We investigated the stability of the Micang Shan drainage divide, which separates the Han and Jialing rivers (two major tributaries of the Yangtze River), using two methods—χ‐plot and Gilbert metrics. The results show that most segments of the Micang Shan drainage divide are either moving south or stable. We further calculated the predicted stable divide location and identified the abandoned river channels and residual planation surfaces. Based on these analyses, we suggest that (1) the migration of the Micang Shan drainage divide is driven by the tectonic subsidence of the Hanzhong Basin; and (2) the upper reaches of the Han River flowed southward to the Sichuan Basin before basin subsidence. This study supports the hypothesis that the Palaeo‐Middle Yangtze River and its tributaries primarily flowed southward. Moreover, the flow direction of the Middle Yangtze River has been, and still is, transitioning from southward to eastward. The change in river network flow direction is driven by regional block tilting towards the east, surface deformation from strike‐slip faulting, regional extension east of the Tibetan Plateau and/or increased influence from the summer monsoon.
ctDNA as a predictor of outcome after curative resection for locally advanced rectal cancer: systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Nassar Ahmed , Aly Noha E. , Jin Zhaohui , Aly Emad H. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimTo assess the efficacy of ctDNA measurement at different time intervals in predicting response and prognosis in patients diagnosed with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) who underwent neoadjuvant treatment prior to curative resection.MethodEnglish language randomized controlled trials and observational studies, published from 1946 to January 2024, comparing outcomes between ctDNA‐positive and ctDNA‐negative patients with LARC undergoing neoadjuvant treatment prior to curative surgical resection were included in the search. The search included Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR).ResultsData for 1022 patients were analysed. Patients with positive ctDNA in the preoperative period had more than five times the risk of developing distant metastasis (RR [95% CI] 5.03 [3.31–7.65], p < 0.001), while those with positive ctDNA in the postoperative period had more than six times the risk (RR [95% CI] 6.17 [2.38–15.95], p < 0.001). There was no significant relationship between ctDNA status at baseline, pre‐, or postoperative periods and achievement of pCR (RR [95% CI] 1.21 [0.86–1.7], 1.82 [0.94–3.55], 1.48 [0.78–2.82], p = 0.27, 0.08, and 0.23, respectively). However, patients with positive ctDNA in the pre‐ and postoperative periods had more than 13 and 12 times the risk of overall disease relapse after curative‐intent treatment (RR [95% CI] 13.55 [7.12–25.81], 12.14 [3.19–46.14], p < 0.001), respectively.ConclusionctDNA could potentially guide treatment and follow‐up in LARC, predicting high‐risk patients for disease relapse, allowing individualized surveillance and treatment strategies. Prospective studies are needed for standardization.
Bank Culture and Bank Liquidity Creation
Authors: Nguyen Loan Quynh Thi , Huynh Luu Duc Toan 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTResearch Question/IssueThis study aimed to understand the impact of bank culture on liquidity creation by applying textual analysis to data from US bank holding companies.Research Findings/InsightsThe results indicated a substantial connection between bank culture and liquidity creation. Control and collaborative cultures negatively impacted liquidity creation, whereas a competing culture had a positive effect. The negative impacts were stronger in more diversified, experienced, and profitable banks and weaker in larger banks. In complete culture banks, liquidity creation decreased with increased experience and profitability but increased with size. The influence of culture on the different aspects of liquidity creation was similar across the board for overall liquidity generation.Theoretical/Academic ImplicationsBy introducing a new bank culture index, this study offers a unique contribution to the academic understanding of the interplay between organizational culture and financial performance, particularly liquidity creation.Practitioner/Policy ImplicationsThe insights from this study are valuable for bank managers and regulators as they highlight the aspects of bank culture that can be leveraged or adjusted to optimize liquidity creation, thereby informing strategies and policy decisions.
Geographic clustering of cannabis stores in Canadian cities: A spatial analysis of the legal cannabis market 4 years post‐legalisation
Authors: Friesen Erik Loewen , Konikoff Lauren , Dickson Sarah , Myran Daniel Thomas 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionFollowing the legalisation of non‐medical cannabis in 2018, the number of cannabis stores in Canada has rapidly expanded with limited regulation on their geographic placement. This study characterised the clustering of cannabis stores in Canadian cities and evaluated the association of clustering with provincial policy and sociodemographic variables.MethodsCross‐sectional spatial analysis of cannabis store density in dissemination areas (‘neighbourhoods’, n = 39,226) in Canadian cities in September 2022. Cannabis store density was defined as the count of stores within 1000 m of a neighbourhood centre. Clusters of high‐density cannabis retail were identified using Local Indicators of Spatial Autocorrelation. Associations between provincial policy (privatised vs. public market), sociodemographic variables and cannabis store density were evaluated using multivariable regression.ResultsClusters of high‐density cannabis retail were identified in 86% of Canadian cities, and neighbourhoods in clusters had a median of 5 stores within 1000 m. Toronto, Canada's most populous city, had the most extreme clustering where neighbourhoods in clusters had a median of 10 stores (and a maximum of 25 stores) within 1000 m. Neighbourhoods in private versus public retail markets had a significantly higher neighbourhood‐level density of cannabis stores (adjusted rate ratio [aRR] 63.37, 95% confidence interval [CI] 25.66–156.33). Lower neighbourhood income quintile was also associated with a higher neighbourhood‐level density of cannabis stores (Q5 vs. Q1, aRR 1.28, 95% CI 1.17–1.40).Discussion and ConclusionsSince cannabis was legalised, clusters of high‐density cannabis retail have emerged in most Canadian cities and were more likely to form lower income neighbourhoods and in private retail markets.
Clinical presentation of first episode psychosis in people with and without HIV in KwaZulu‐Natal, South Africa
Authors: Chhagan Usha , Ntlantsana Vuyokazi , Karim Enver , Thela Lindokuhle , Tomita Andrew , Chiliza Bonginkosi , Paruk Saeeda 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimMental disorders and HIV are the main contributors to the increase in years lived with disability rates per person in sub‐Saharan Africa. A complex inter‐relationship exists between HIV and mental illness, especially in a region with a high HIV prevalence. We examined the duration of untreated psychosis (DUP), and the nature of psychotic and cognitive symptoms in people with first episode psychosis (FEP) living with and without HIV.MethodsAdults aged between 18 and 45 years were assessed using a clinical interview, physical examination and several psychiatric tools. These included the Mini International Neuro‐psychiatric Interview to confirm psychosis, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, International HIV Dementia Scale and other scales to measure symptom variables. HIV ELISA was used for HIV serology testing, with measures being carried out within 6 weeks of the first presentation.ResultsOf the 172 people presenting with FEP, 36 (21%) had comorbid HIV, those with both being older and more likely to be female (p < .001). Clinically, participants with FEP and HIV scored lower on the positive subscale (p = .008). There were no statistically significant differences for DUP or cognitive screening. Of those living with HIV and FEP (n = 36) comorbidity, nine were newly diagnosed with HIV at the time of the study.ConclusionIndividuals presenting with FEP and comorbid HIV were older, female and reported more mood symptoms. The identification of nine new HIV infections also reflects the ongoing need to test for HIV in people presenting with severe mental illness.
Differences in the proteome within extracellular vesicles between premalignant and malignant plasma cell disorders
Authors: Vanderboom Patrick M. , Chawla Yogesh , Dasari Surendra , Kapoor Isha , Kumar Shaji K. , Nair K. Sreekumaran , Gonsalves Wilson I. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundPrecursor plasma cell disorders such as monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) always precede the development of active malignancies such as multiple myeloma (MM). There is a need for novel biomarkers to identify those patients with such precursor plasma cell disorders who rapidly progress to MM. Plasma‐derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) may serve as a reservoir of potential biomarkers that can shed light on the pathogenesis and disease biology of MM.MethodsThis study isolated small EVs (SEVs) and large EVs (LEVs) from the platelet‐poor peripheral blood plasma of MGUS (n = 9) and MM (n = 12) patients using the size exclusion chromatography‐based method and evaluated their proteome using a label‐free proteomics workflow.ResultsIn total, 2055 proteins were identified in SEVs, while 2794 proteins were identified in LEVs. The transferrin receptor (or CD71) protein was upregulated in both populations of EVs derived from MM patients compared to MGUS patients and was of prognostic significance. Similarly, three isoforms of serum amyloid A (SAA) protein, SAA1, SAA2, and SAA4, were also highly upregulated in SEVs within MM patients relative to MGUS patients. Finally, CD40 expression was also higher in the LEVs derived from MM patients than in MGUS patients.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates the feasibility of successfully isolating both SEVs and LEVs from the peripheral blood of patients with plasma cell disorders and quantifying protein biomarkers within these EVs that could be of prognostic and diagnostic interest.
Effectiveness of soil management strategies for mitigation of N2O emissions in European arable land: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Valkama Elena , Tzemi Domna , Esparza‐Robles Ulises Ramon , Syp Alina , O'Toole Adam , Maenhout Peter 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSoil management strategies involving the application of organic matter (OM) inputs (crop residues, green and livestock manure, slurry, digestate, compost and biochar) can increase soil carbon storage but simultaneously lead to an increase in non‐CO2 greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions such as N2O. Although multiple meta‐analyses have been conducted on the topic of OM input impacts on GHG, none has focused specifically on European arable soils. This study plugs this gap and can assist policymakers in steering European agriculture in a more sustainable direction. The objective of this meta‐analysis was to quantify how OM inputs of different nature and quality, but also the application strategy, can mitigate soil N2O emissions in different pedoclimatic conditions in Europe. We quantitatively synthesised the results of over 50 field experiments conducted in 15 European countries. Diverse arable crops, mainly cereals, were cultivated in monoculture or in crop rotations on mineral soils. Cumulative N2O emissions were monitored during periods of 30–1070 days in treatments, which received OM inputs, alone or in combination with mineral N fertiliser; and in controls fertilised with mineral N. The overall effect of OM inputs had a slight tendency to reduce N2O emissions by 10% (n = 53). With the increasing carbon‐to‐nitrogen ratio of the OM inputs, this mitigation effect became more pronounced. In particular, compost and biochar significantly reduced N2O emissions by 25% (n = 6) and 33% (n = 8) respectively. However, their effect strongly depended on pedoclimatic characteristics. Regarding the other types of OM inputs studied, a slight N2O emission reduction can be achieved by their application alone, without mineral N fertiliser (by 16%, n = 17). In contrast, their co‐application with mineral N fertiliser elevated emissions to some extent compared to the control (by 14%, n = 22). We conclude that amongst the seven OM inputs studied, the application of compost and biochar are the most promising soil management practices, clearly demonstrating N2O emission reduction compared to mineral N fertiliser. In contrast, other OM inputs had a small tendency to mitigate N2O emissions only when applied without mineral N fertiliser.
Soil health—From practical issues to indicators: A workshop at the 1st European Healthy Soils Conference
Authors: Hitzfeld Bettina , Rodríguez Eugenio Natalia , Wissemeier Alexander H. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe aim of the 1st European Healthy Soils Conference in September 2023 in Muttenz, Switzerland, was to bring together professionals working on soil health from academia, the private sector, policymakers and students. Within the conference, a workshop ‘From Practical Issues to Indicators’ was held. In addition to flash presentations and subsequent discussion rounds, the opinions of the participants on the definition of soil health and the major soil threats were also collected. A majority of participants were in favour of the statement: ‘Healthy soils are in good chemical, biological and physical condition so that they can provide ecosystem services that are vital to humans and environment’. Of the 10 soil threats put forward for discussion, the participants voted for the four most important at European level, those beingsoil erosion, loss of soil organic carbon, loss of soil biodiversityandsoil compaction. The need for long‐term observation plots in different agro‐ecosystems in Europe was emphasised in contributions to the discussion. Furthermore, methodological developments and standardisations that are simple and direct enough to be accepted and applied at the practical level by farmers and advisors were called for.
Stem‐like T cells in cancer and autoimmunity
Authors: Schnell Alexandra 
Published: May 2024

SummaryStem‐like T cells are characterized by their ability to self‐renew, survive long‐term, and give rise to a heterogeneous pool of effector and memory T cells. Recent advances in single‐cell RNA‐sequencing (scRNA‐seq) and lineage tracing technologies revealed an important role for stem‐like T cells in both autoimmunity and cancer. In cancer, stem‐like T cells constitute an important arm of the anti‐tumor immune response by giving rise to effector T cells that mediate tumor control. In contrast, in autoimmunity stem‐like T cells perform an unfavorable role by forming a reservoir of long‐lived autoreactive cells that replenish the pathogenic, effector T‐cell pool and thereby driving disease pathology. This review provides background on the discovery of stem‐like T cells and their function in cancer and autoimmunity. Moreover, the influence of the microbiota and metabolism on the stem‐like T‐cell pool is summarized. Lastly, the implications of our knowledge about stem‐like T cells for clinical treatment strategies for cancer and autoimmunity will be discussed.
Young people's and adults' views and experiences of decision‐making to manage compromised first permanent molars: a qualitative study
Authors: Taylor Greig D. , Exley Catherine , Innes Nicola , Vernazza Christopher Robert 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundLittle information on young people's and adults' views and experiences on decision‐making for managing compromised first permanent molars (cFPM) exists.AimTo establish young people's and adults' views and experiences of decision‐making for managing cFPM.DesignFace‐to‐face (online) semi‐structured interviews were undertaken using an iteratively designed topic guide. Participants aged 12–65 were purposively sampled with recruitment from different dental clinics (three primary care, an out‐of‐hours emergency and one dental hospital). Interviews were audio‐recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsThree themes were generated from young people's interviews (n = 9): (i) influencing factors; (ii) long‐term considerations; and (iii) shared decision‐making. Three themes were generated from adults' interviews (n = 13): (i) influences that affect decisions; (ii) perceptions of the specialist's role; and (iii) importance of shared decision‐making for children and young people.ConclusionSeveral factors influenced decision‐making; for young people, professional opinions were important, and parental/peer influences less so. For adults, it was based on decisions on their prior experiences. Adults felt young people were abnormal if referred to a specialist. Young people wanted autonomy in decision‐making to be respected; in reality, their views were rarely heard. There is potential to increase young people's involvement in shared decision‐making for cFPM, which aligns with their aspirations.
Atomistic origin of structural relaxation in lead metasilicate and lithium disilicate glasses
Authors: Lancelotti Ricardo F. , Zanotto Edgar D. , Sen Sabyasachi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA combination of density measurement, differential scanning calorimetry, refractometry, and Raman and 29Si nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is employed to characterize the evolution of the structure and physical properties of lithium disilicate (Li2Si2O5) and lead metasilicate (PbSiO3) glasses during physical aging. Both glasses display marked increase in density, enthalpy recovery, and refractive index following a temperature down‐jump near their glass transition regions. The collective analysis of Raman and NMR spectra reveals that the aging‐induced structural relaxation in these silicate networks involves a significant disproportionation of Q‐species as well as their spatial clustering.
Safety and effectiveness of additional left atrial posterior wall ablation using pulsed field ablation for persistent and long‐standing persistent atrial fibrillation patients
Authors: Kordić Lucija Lisica , Jurišić Zrinka , Brešković Toni , Sikirić Ivan , Katić Josip , Dagelic Marija , Anić Ante 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe unique safety profile of pulsed field ablation (PFA) has made pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) + left atrial posterior wall (LAPW) ablation promising for treating persistent atrial fibrillation (PerAF). The goal of this study was to assess long‐term freedom from atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, and atrial tachycardia (AF/AFL/AT), as well as the safety and feasibility of LAPW PFA using multipolar, pentaspline Farawave catheter.MethodsRetrospective observational study at a single institution. Data for 94 patients were collected from a prespecified intraprocedural registry. The long‐term AF/AFL/AT recurrence assessment was based on an analysis of medical history; 24‐h Holter ECGs at 3, 6, and 12 months postablation; and 12‐lead ECGs recorded during symptomatic episodes or visits.ResultsHalf of the patients had ls‐PerAF, and half had a history of catheter ablation—mostly RF PVI. The acute ablation success rate was 100%, and the primary safety outcome was observed in 2 patients. Fifty patients experienced AF/AFL/AT recurrence (54.3%). An increase in LAPW low‐voltage areas and AF classification were associated with arrhythmia recurrence. After a median follow‐up of 13 months, the Kaplan‒Meier estimated median time free of AF/AFL/AT after a single procedure was 14.7 months.ConclusionPFA PVI + PWA had the best outcome in perAF patients without extensive LA fibrosis. AF recurrence was paroxysmal in significant part of the cohort. The addition of PWA to PVI using multipolar PFA was safe and did not significantly influence the transpired ablation time.
Three dimensionally printed template with an interproximal isolation design guide consecutive closure of multiple diastema with injectable resin composite
Authors: Shui Yusen , Wu Jiacheng , Luo Tian , Sun Manlin , Yu Haiyang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis article describes a novel 3D‐printed template armed with interproximal matrices to isolate interproximal contact areas and guide injectable resin composite for consecutive closure of multiple diastema.Clinical ConsiderationsAmong several treatment options proposed for diastema closure, direct resin composite is noninvasive and easy to repair. The “composite injection technique” has been introduced to improve time efficiency and reduce technique sensitivity for clinicians. However, in the case of multiple diastema, the overflow of excess resin materials onto the adjacent teeth during injection poses challenges for recontouring the interproximal anatomy. A 3D‐printed template with special‐designed gaps at interproximal areas was designed and fabricated based on a virtual diagnostic wax‐up. Flowable resin composite was then consecutively injected through the template to close diastemata at multiple adjacent teeth.ConclusionThis technique using a 3D‐printed template with interproximal isolation design contributed to an efficient and accurate operation for multiple anterior diastema closure.Clinical SignificanceEfficient and accurate freehand buildups of composite restoration for multiple diastema are challenging in operative dentistry. The described noninvasive full digital workflow provides a predictable method to accurately recontour the multiple target restorations and reduce the chair‐side time and technical sensitivity.
Project risk and the bank monitored credit line
Authors: Tassel Eric Van 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this paper we investigate the role a monitored credit line plays in managing a firm's liquidity needs and influencing the firm's project risk. We develop a theoretical model where a firm finances a risky project that is subject to a liquidity shock. External lenders are imperfectly informed about both project risk and the firm's liquidity, which leads to moral hazard. We identify conditions under which it is optimal for the firm to fund the project using a term loan from a less informed lender and manage liquidity using a line of credit from an informed lender.