bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Summary of ‘Interventions for cutaneous molluscum contagiosum’
Authors: Editorial Office Evidence‐Based Child Health 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThis is a summary of a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: van der Wouden JC, van der Sande R, van Suijlekom‐Smit LWA, Berger M, Butler CC, Koning S. Interventions for cutaneous molluscum contagiosum. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2009, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD004767. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004767.pub3. Copyright © 2011 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Commentaries on ‘Interventions for cutaneous molluscum contagiosum’
Authors: Mc Cuaig Catherine , Silverberg Nanette , Santer Miriam 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThese are commentaries on a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: van der Wouden JC, van der Sande R, van Suijlekom‐Smit LWA, Berger M, Butler CC, Koning S. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2009, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD004767. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004767.pub3.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying Summary article. Copyright © 2011 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Summary of ‘Topical treatments for cutaneous warts’
Authors: Editorial Office Evidence‐Based Child Health 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThis is a summary of Cochrane Review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Gibbs S, Harvey I. Topical treatments for cutaneous warts. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD001781. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001781.pub2. Copyright © 2011 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Commentary on ‘Topical treatments for cutaneous warts’
Authors: Lio Peter A. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThis is a commentary of a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Gibbs S, Harvey I. Topical treatments for cutaneous warts. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD001781. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001781.pub2.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying Summary article. Copyright © 2011 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Summary of ‘Minocycline for acne vulgaris: efficacy and safety’
Authors: Editorial Office Evidence‐Based Child Health 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThis is a summary of Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Garner SE, Eady A, Popescu CM, Newton J, Li Wan Po A. Minocycline for acne vulgaris: efficacy and safety. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2003, Issue 1. Art. No.: CD002086. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD002086. Copyright © 2011 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Synthesis of Nonnatural Nucleoside Diphosphate Sugars
Authors: Wolf Saskia , Berrio Rosmirt Molina , Meier Chris 
Published: September 2011

AbstractRecently, we reported an efficient chemical method for the synthesis of a variety of naturally occurring nucleoside diphosphate (NDP) sugars. This method, which is based on the cycloSal approach, can also be used, in principle, for the preparation of rare or even nonnatural NDP sugars. Herein, the syntheses of sulfoquinovose‐, glucose‐6‐sulfate‐, L‐galactose‐, and 2‐fluoroglycopyranoside‐containing NDP sugars are presented, as well as the synthesis of NDP sugars with non‐natural nucleosides. The reactions described gavestereoisomerically defined NDP sugars in high yields and short reaction times.
Enantioseparation of organic acids of pharmaceutical interest using eremomycin as a chiral selector
Authors: Prokhorova Aleksandra F. , Larin Vladimir A. , Mikhalyuk Anna N. , Staroverov Sergei M. , Shapovalova Elena N. , Shpigun Oleg A. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractStrong adsorption of eremomycin on the fused‐silica capillary wall was used for separation of enantiomers by CE. The capillary with adsorbed chiral selector was shown to be easily prepared and has reproducible properties. The effect of the chiral selector concentration, pH and composition of the BGE, and applied voltage on enantioseparation of acidic compounds, such as profens and aromatic carboxylic acids, was investigated. Two native α‐amino acids, aspartic acid and glutamic acid, were enantioseparated. Fourteen tested compounds (including amino acids) were baseline resolved. Good selectivity of separation (α>1.09) was achieved. The migration order of ibuprofen and ketoprofen enantiomers was determined. The procedures were proposed for the analysis of flurbiprofen and warfarin in pharmaceuticals. Linearity was achieved in the concentration range of 4.0×10−5–2.0×10−3 M for flurbiprofen and 3.2×10−6–4.9×10−6 M for warfarin. The detection limits were found to be about 1×10−5 M for flurbiprofen and 1×10−6 M for warfarin.
Separation of enantiomers of ephedrine by capillary electrophoresis using cyclodextrins as chiral selectors: Comparative CE, NMR and high resolution MS studies
Authors: Vega Elena D. , Lomsadze Ketevan , Chankvetadze Lali , Salgado Antonio , Scriba Gerhard K. E. , Calvo Enrique , López Juan A. , Crego Antonio L. , Marina Maria L. , Chankvetadze Bezhan 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe enantiomer migration order (EMO) of ephedrine was investigated in the presence of various CDs in CE. The molecular mechanisms of chiral recognition were followed for the ephedrine complexes with native α‐ and β‐CD and heptakis(2,3‐di‐O‐acetyl‐6‐O‐sulfo)‐β‐CD (HDAS‐β‐CD) by CE, NMR spectroscopy and high‐resolution MS. Minor structural differences were observed between the complexes of ephedrine with α‐ and β‐CD although the migration order of enantiomers was opposite when these two CDs were applied as chiral selectors in CE. The EMO was also opposite between β‐CD and HDAS‐β‐CD. Significant structural differences were observed between ephedrine complexes with the native CDs and HDAS‐β‐CD. The latter CD was advantageous as chiral CE selector not only due to its opposite electrophoretic mobility compared with that of the cationic chiral analyte, but also primarily due to its enhanced chiral recognition ability towards the enantiomers of ephedrine.
Study of in vitro interaction between tetrabromobisphenol A and bovine serum albumin by fluorescence spectroscopy
Authors: Wu Yingxin , Qian Yan , Cui Hao , Lai Xiaomin , Xie Xianchuan , Wang Xiaorong 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
The interaction between tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) in simulated physiological conditions (pH = 7.4) was investigated by fluorescence spectroscopy. The results revealed that TBBPA caused the fluorescence quenching of BSA through a static quenching procedure. The binding constants (K) of TBBPA with BSA at 277, 298, and 310 K were obtained as 4.75 × 105 L/mol, 5.63 × 105 L/mol, and 6.66 × 105 L/mol, respectively. There may be two binding sites of TBBPA on BSA. The enthalpy change (ΔH), free energy change (ΔG), and entropy change (ΔS) of thermodynamic parameters indicated that the interaction between TBBPA and BSA was driven mainly by hydrophobic and electrostatic forces. Synchronous fluorescence spectra showed TBBPA binding slightly changed the conformation of BSA by decreasing its polarity and increasing its hydrophobicity. The results of the present study may provide valuable information for studying the distribution and toxicity mechanisms of TBBPA in vivo. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011;30:2697–2700. © 2011 SETAC
A numerical model for aerated‐water wave breaking
Authors: Plumerault L.‐R. , Astruc D. , Villedieu P. , Maron P. 
Published: September 2011

SUMMARYThis work presents a numerical model designed for the simulation of water‐wave impacts on a structure when aeration of the liquid phase is considered. The model is based on a multifluid Navier–Stokes approach in which all fluids are assumed compressible. The numerical method is based on a finite volume algorithm in space and a second order Runge–Kutta method in time. A validation of this model is performed. It shows a good accuracy for acoustic and shock wave propagation in a bubbly liquid and for wave breaking. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Genome‐wide linkage analysis of Swedish families to identify putative susceptibility loci for cutaneous malignant melanoma
Authors: Höiom Veronica , Tuominen Rainer , Hansson Johan 
Published: September 2011

AbstractCutaneous malignant melanoma is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorder which is caused by an interaction between hereditary and environmental factors. In Sweden, a small portion of the inherited susceptibility is explained by the presence of germline mutations in the tumor suppressor gene CDKN2A. But still, the genetic background of melanoma susceptibility is largely unknown. Here, we conducted a genome‐wide linkage scan on melanoma‐prone families using high‐density single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) arrays to identify novel melanoma susceptibility genes. We investigated 35 families of Swedish origin without CDKN2A mutations. Nonparametric and parametric multipoint linkage analyses were performed. After removal of SNPs in strong linkage disequilibrium, the strongest evidence of linkage was detected on chromosome 17p11‐12 (logarithm (base 10) of odds (LOD) scores of 2.76) using parametric linkage analysis assuming a dominant trait with full penetrance. Analyses were also performed on a subset of families with low age at diagnosis (mean age ≤ 47 years), to obtain a more homogenous subset. This subgroup analysis based on 22 families yielded suggestive evidence of linkage to the chromosomal regions 11p12‐p11 and 18q22 (multipoint LOD scores of 2.10 and 2.02, respectively). Also, the 17p region that was detected in the complete family set showed suggestive linkage in this cohort (multipoint LOD scores of 2.01). Our data suggest that these chromosomal regions, 17p12‐p11 in particular as it was present in both analyses, may harbor genes involved in the susceptibility of malignant melanoma in the Swedish population. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Protecting the airway during swallowing: What is the role for afferent surveillance?
Authors: Paydarfar David 
Published: September 2011

AbstractMechanoreceptors are ubiquitous throughout the upper aerodigestive tract and provide spatiotemporal information on movement and stretch of muscles and connective tissues involved in feeding. Experimental studies in humans suggest that upper airway sensory signals provide important tonic and kinesthetic feedback to central neural circuits underlying upper airway perception and laryngeal closure during swallowing. These circuits include brainstem and cortical feedforward loops that facilitate swallowing function. A clinical implication of this organization is the potential to harness the sensory system for enhancing laryngeal closure during swallowing. Therapeutic sensory stimulation is a promising method for treating dysphagia and preventing aspiration pneumonia in patients with cortical lesions. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2011
Geospatially based distributed rainfall‐runoff modelling for simulation of internal and outlet responses in a semi‐forested lower Himalayan watershed
Authors: Ramsankaran RAAJ , Kothyari U. C. , Ghosh S. K. , Malcherek A. , Murugesan K. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThis study presents a Geographic Information System (GIS)‐based distributed rainfall‐runoff model for simulating surface flows in small to large watersheds during isolated storm events. The model takes into account the amount of interception storage to be filled using a modified Merriam (1960) approach before estimating infiltration by the Smith and Parlange (1978) method. The mechanics of overland and channel flow are modelled by the kinematic wave approximation of the Saint Venant equations which are then numerically solved by the weighted four‐point implicit finite difference method. In this modelling the watershed was discretized into overland planes and channels using the algorithms proposed by Garbrecht and Martz (1999). The model code was first validated by comparing the model output with an analytical solution for a hypothetical plane. Then the model was tested in a medium‐sized semi‐forested watershed of Pathri Rao located in the Shivalik ranges of the Garhwal Himalayas, India. Initially, a local sensitivity analysis was performed to identify the parameters to which the model outputs like runoff volume, peak flow and time to peak flow are sensitive. Before going for model validation, calibration was performed using the Ordered‐Physics‐based Parameter Adjustment (OPPA) method. The proposed Physically Based Distributed (PBD) model was then evaluated both at the watershed outlet as well as at the internal gauging station, making this study a first of its kind in Indian watersheds. The results of performance evaluation indicate that the model has simulated the runoff hydrographs reasonably well within the watershed as well as at the watershed outlet with the same set of calibrated parameters. The model also simulates, realistically, the temporal variation of the spatial distribution of runoff over the watershed and the same has been illustrated graphically. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Molecular analysis of Ceruloplasmin in a South African cohort presenting with oesophageal cancer
Authors: Strickland Natalie J. , Matsha Tandi , Erasmus Rajief T. , Zaahl Monique G. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractOesophageal cancer (OC) is a disease characterized by the development of malignant tumors in the epithelial cells lining the oesophagus. It demonstrates marked ethnic variation, with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) being more prevalent in the Black population and adenocarcinoma (ADC) occurring more often in Caucasians. The etiology of this complex disease has been attributed to a variety of factors, including an excess of iron (resulting in increased tumourigenesis), oesophageal injury and inflammation (due in part to Barrett's oesophagus and smoking among others). The aim of this study was to determine if genetic variations identified in the ceruloplasmin (CP) gene (implicated in iron homeostasis) contribute to OC pathogenesis or susceptibility. The study cohort consisted of 96 unrelated OC patients from the Black Xhosa‐speaking South African population and 88 population‐matched control individuals. The promoter and coding regions of the CP gene were analyzed for DNA sequence variation using heteroduplex single‐strand conformation polymorphism (HEX‐SSCP) analysis, restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis and semi‐automated bidirectional DNA sequencing analysis. Fourteen previously described and four novel variants were identified. Statistically significant associations were revealed for two of the novel variants with OC in this study and could, therefore, potentially contribute to disease susceptibility. In silico analysis of the region of the promoter spanning the identified variants sought to identify putative transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) that could possibly regulate the expression of CP. To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine CP with respect to OC in the Black South African population.
D‐Peptide‐Based Drug Discovery Aided by Chemical Protein Synthesis
Authors: Zhao Le , Lu Wuyuan 
Published: September 2011

AbstractDespite a sharp increase in the expenditures for drug research and development (R&D) in the past decade, the declining trend in the number of new drugs approved annually by the US Food and Drug Administration continues. This growing disparity between R&D investment and new drug approvals results in part from the deficiency in promising therapeutic targets and leads to a stagnation exacerbated by the lack of advanced drug discovery tools for harvesting the “high‐hanging fruits” such as inhibitors of protein–protein interactions (PPIs). Small peptide inhibitors of PPIs can be of high affinity and specificity, promising an important class of therapeutic agents that target PPIs involved in a great variety of biological processes. However, susceptibility to proteolytic degradation in vivo still remains a major hurdle that limits their therapeutic potential. This limitation can be overcome by mirror‐image phage display, a technique that allows, through phage‐expressed peptide library screening against the D‐enantiomer of a target protein, for the identification of proteolysis‐resistant D‐peptide inhibitors of PPIs. Recent advances in total protein synthesis via native chemical ligation have significantly expanded the scope of molecular targets for mirror‐image phage display. This concise review focuses on the latest development in the combined use of mirror‐image phage display and native chemical ligation for D‐peptide based anticancer drug discovery.
Glial glutamate transporters: New actors in brain signaling
Authors: López‐Bayghen Esther , Ortega Arturo 
Published: September 2011

AbstractGlutamate, the main excitatory amino acid in the vertebrate brain, is critically involved in most of the physiological functions of the central nervous system. It has traditionally been assumed that glutamate triggers a wide array of signaling cascades through the activation of specific membrane receptors. The extracellular levels are tightly regulated to prevent neurotoxic insults. Electrogenic Na+‐dependent glial glutamate transporters remove the bulk of the neurotransmitter from the synaptic cleft. An exquisitely ordered coupling between glutamatergic neurons and surrounding glia cells is fundamental for excitatory transmission. The glutamate/glutamine and astrocyte/neuron lactate shuttles provide the biochemical framework of this compulsory association. In this context, recent advances show that glial glutamate transporters act as signal transducers that regulate the expression of proteins involved in their compartmentalization with neurons in the so‐called tripartite synapse. © 2011 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 2011.
SOC and now also SIC: Store‐operated and store‐inhibited channels
Authors: Moreno Claudia , Vaca Luis 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThere is a specialized form of calcium influx that involves a close communication between endoplasmic reticulum and the channels at the plasma membrane. In one side store depletion activates channels known as store‐operated channels (SOC), which are responsible of the well‐studied store‐operated calcium entry (SOCE). SOC comprises two different types of channels. Orai, which is exclusively activated by store depletion being the channel responsible of the calcium release‐activated calcium current, and transient receptor potential canonical channel, which in contrast, is activated by store depletion only under specific conditions and carries nonselective cationic currents. On the other hand, it has been recently shown that store depletion also inhibits calcium channels. The first member identified, of what we named as store‐inhibited channels (SIC), is the L‐type voltage‐gated calcium channel. Stores control both SOC and SIC by means of the multifunctional protein STIM1. The identification of SOC and SIC opens a new scenario for the role of store depletion in the modulation of different calcium entry pathways, which may satisfy different cellular processes.© 2011 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 2011.
Comparative evaluation of the diagnostic performance of autofluorescence and diffuse reflectance in oral cancer detection: a clinical study
Authors: Jayanthi Jayaraj L. , Subhash Narayanan , Stephen Manju , Philip Emmanuel K. , Beena Valappil T. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractAutofluorescence (AF) and diffuse reflectance (DR) spectroscopic techniques have shown good diagnostic accuracies for noninvasive detection of oral cavity cancer. In the present study, AF and DR spectra recorded in vivo from the same set of sites in 65 patients were analyzed using Principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA). The effectiveness of these two techniques was assessed by comparison with gold standard and their discrimination efficiency was determined from the area under the receiver operator characteristic (AUC‐ROC) curve. Analysis using a DR technique shows a higher AUC‐ROC of 0.991 as against 0.987 for AF spectral data. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Gross anatomical and scanning electron microscopic studies of the oropharyngeal cavity in the European magpie (Pica pica) and the common raven (Corvus corax)
Authors: Erdogan Serkan , Alan Aydin 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThere is no descriptive information about morphology of the oropharyngeal cavity including tongue, palate, and laryngeal region in Corvidae family. This study not only presents the first definitive anatomical description of the structures in the oropharyngeal cavity of magpie and raven but also reviews and compares the scattered information on the morphology of the other avian species available in the literature. In this study, the organs of four birds (two magpies and two ravens) were used. The tongue in magpie and raven was considerably elongated and terminated with an oval‐shaped apex. Although the lingual apex in the magpie was divided by fissure, no such bifurcation existed on that of raven. Lingual apex was quite distinctive in both species, and multiple acicular processes covered the apex. These occurrences on the tongue of magpie were replaced by thread‐like processes as approaching the lingual body. In raven, these processes were mostly foliated, becoming longer toward the back of the lingua, and denser compared with raven. Moreover, we observed conical papillary crest, which was pointed backward and located between the lingual body and the radix of the tongue and pharyngeal conical papillae around the glottis and palate clefts in both species. There was a transversal fold separating the choanal cleft from the infundibular cleft in raven. Anatomy of the oropharyngeal cavity in the raven and magpie, which are the member of the same family, Corvidae, showed little differences and overall their oral morphological features were excessively similar. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Poisson's Ratios of Honeycomb‐Structured Polymer Sheets Under Large Deformation
Authors: Kim Dae‐Yoon , Kim Namil , Hwang Seok‐Ho , Kuo Shiao‐Wei , Lee Jong‐Hoon , Lee Sang‐A , Lee Joong Hee , Nah Changwoon , Jeong Kwang‐Un 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe mechanical properties of 2D honeycomb‐structured polymer sheets (HSPS) are investigated with respect to the polar angle at large deformation. The tensile force fluctuates as an undamped negative sinusoidal wave with a periodicity of 15°. The amplitude of the fluctuation is proportional to the thickness of the HSPS, but the Young's modulus is independent of the thickness and the polar angle. Total and local Poisson's ratios of HSPS at the 30° polar angle are lower than those obtained at the 0° polar angle over the entire strain range, and the difference becomes smaller with increasing tensile strain. The experimentally observed structure–property relationship of the HSPS can provide important clues for understanding the deformation behavior of patterned polymeric materials.
On the convergence of the Dirichlet series of an Artin L‐function
Authors: Nicolae Florin , Pohst Michael 
Published: September 2011

AbstractLet \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$K/\mathbb {Q}$\end{document} be a finite Galois extension with the Galois group G, and let χ be a character of G with the associated Artin L‐function L(s, χ) defined in ℜ(s) > 1 by the Dirichlet series \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\sum _{n=1}^\infty \frac{a_n}{n^s}$\end{document} with abscissa of convergence σc. Assume that L(s, χ) is holomorphic in the whole complex plane. If χ(1) = 1 then σc = 0, and if χ(1) > 1 then \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\sigma _c\le \frac{\chi (1)}{2+\chi (1)}$\end{document}.