bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling of formation of precipitate-free zone
Authors: Svoboda Jiří , Maier Gerhard 
Published: August 2010

AbstractFormation of precipitate-free zones due to the growth of intergranular precipitates on account of intragranular precipitates in the nearest vicinity of the grain boundary represents a significant degradation of the material. The loss of strength of the material in the precipitate-free zone allows propagation of cracks in the zones and causes embrittlement of the material. Based on application of the thermodynamic extremal principle a robust model is derived, which allows the description of the kinetics of formation of the precipitate-free zone. Several simulations based on the model are performed and the results are discussed.
Damage modelling for simulation of process chain from forming to crash
Authors: Andrieux Florence , Sun Dong-Zhi 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe objective of this work is the characterisation and modelling of the influence of triaxiality and deformation history on the damage behaviour of components manufactured by deep drawing. An evaluation chain including material characterisation, numerical simulation and verification was conducted. The influence of triaxiality and pre-deformation on damage behaviour of a TRIP steel was characterised with different specimen tests, such as shear, uniaxial and biaxial tension. Phenomenological and micromechanical damage models taking into account shear fracture and fracture induced by void nucleation, growth and coalescence (dimple rupture) were developed. Both damage models describe the influence of triaxiality on damage development under a broad range of loading conditions. Validation tests on an automobile component under a loading close to reality were performed and successfully simulated with pre-strains and pre-damage mapped from a forming model to the crash model.
Silica surface modified by aliphatic amines as effective copper complexing agents
Authors: Kurczewska Joanna , Schroeder Grzegorz 
Published: August 2010

AbstractSilica surface was modified with four aliphatic acyclic amines differing in the number of nitrogen donor atoms and the chain length. The structures of the four systems were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Three of the systems studied were found to show excellent scavenging of copper ions and relatively weaker of nickel ions from the water solutions. The complexing abilities were monitored by ultraviolet and visible measurements. Standard colorimetric methods of element determination were used to observe the absorbance decrease at the maximum wavelength in the presence of the compounds studied. The influence of pH of the aqueous solution, the amount of modified silica, the stirring time and the selectivity with respect to other metal ions was investigated.
Effect of deformation routes on the evolution of strain states and texture during asymmetrical cold rolling and subsequent annealing in interstitial-free steel
Authors: Pyon Young-Bum , Lee Kye-Man , Huh Moo-Young , Engler Olaf 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAsymmetrical rolling was carried out in an interstitial-free steel with different velocities of upper and lower rolls. In order to analyze the effect of change in strain histories on the evolution of textures during asymmetrical cold rolling and subsequent annealing, asymmetrical rolling was performed either reversibly or unidirectionally. The two different asymmetrical rolling routes were accompanied by the formation of different cold rolling textures. The strain state during asymmetrical rolling was determined by the finite element method and verified by macro-texture analysis and texture modeling. Weakening and randomization of textures occurred during recrystallization annealing, which was interpreted by the absence of preferred nucleation in specific orientations.
Gene-Specific Repression of Proinflammatory Cytokines in Stimulated Human Macrophages by Nuclear IκBα
Authors: Ghosh Chandra C. , Ramaswami Sitharam , Juvekar Ashish , Vu Hai-Yen , Galdieri Luciano , Davidson Dennis , Vancurova Ivana 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
We have previously shown that increased nuclear accumulation of IκBα inhibits NF-κB activity and induces apoptosis in human leukocytes. In this study, we wanted to explore the possibility that the nucleocytoplasmic distribution of IκBα can be used as a therapeutic target for the regulation of NF-κB–dependent cytokine synthesis. Treatment of LPS-stimulated human U937 macrophages with an inhibitor of chromosome region maintenance 1-dependent nuclear export, leptomycin B, resulted in the increased nuclear accumulation of IκBα and inhibition of NF-κB DNA binding activity, caused by the nuclear IκBα-p65 NF-κB interaction. Surprisingly, however, whereas mRNA expression and cellular release of TNF-α, the β form of pro-IL-1 (IL-1β), and IL-6 were inhibited by the leptomycin B-induced nuclear IκBα, IL-8 mRNA expression and cellular release were not significantly affected. Analysis of in vivo recruitment of p65 NF-κB to NF-κB–regulated promoters by chromatin immunoprecipitation in U937 cells and human PBMCs indicated that although the p65 recruitment to TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 promoters was inhibited by the nuclear IκBα, p65 recruitment to IL-8 promoter was not repressed. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analyses using IκBα and S536 phosphospecific p65 NF-κB Abs demonstrated that although the newly synthesized IκBα induced by postinduction repression is recruited to TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 promoters but not to the IL-8 promoter, S536-phosphorylated p65 is recruited to IL-8 promoter, but not to TNF-α, IL-1β, or IL-6 promoters. Together, these data indicate that the inhibition of NF-κB–dependent transcription by nuclear IκBα in LPS-stimulated macrophages is gene specific and depends on the S536 phosphorylation status of the recruited p65 NF-κB.
TCR-Dependent Translational Control of GATA-3 Enhances Th2 Differentiation
Authors: Cook Kevin D. , Miller Jim 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe differentiation of CD4+ T cells into the Th2 subset is controlled by the transcription factor GATA-3. GATA-3 is both necessary and sufficient for Th2 differentiation and works through the induction of chromatin remodeling at the Th2 effector cytokine loci. We show in this study that IL-4 stimulation induces GATA-3 mRNA upregulation, but the level of GATA-3 protein induced is insufficient for Th2 differentiation. The levels of GATA-3 protein and Th2 differentiation are enhanced by concomitant TCR signaling through the PI3K/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway. The PI3K-mediated increase in GATA-3 protein occurs without increasing the GATA-3 mRNA level. Rather, TCR signaling through PI3K specifically enhances the translation rate of GATA-3 without affecting the protein stability. Importantly, this role of TCR signaling is independent of the effects of TCR signaling in T cell survival and expansion. Thus, TCR signaling through PI3K may play a critical role in Th2 differentiation by the specific enhancement of GATA-3 translation.
Separate Roles for Antigen Recognition and Lymph Node Inflammation in CD8+ Memory T Cell Formation
Authors: Fransen Marieke F. , van Stipdonk Marianne J. , Sluijter Marjolein , Schoenberger Stephen P. , Melief Cornelis J. , Offringa Rienk 
Published: August 2010

AbstractPriming of naive CD8+ T cells by pathogens or vaccines generally involves their interaction with Ag-loaded dendritic cells (DCs) in the context of an inflamed lymph node. Lymph node activation fosters DC and T cell encounters and subsequently provides newly primed T cells with nurturing conditions. We dissected these two aspects by infusing in vitro primed CD8+ T cells into naive recipient mice harboring a single activated lymph node and comparing the fate of these T cells with those infused into control recipients. Brief (20 h) in vitro priming empowered the T cells to expand in vivo without further Ag stimulation. This primary response was not affected by the presence or absence of a nonspecifically activated lymph node. In contrast, in vivo antigenic challenge after contraction of the primary response resulted in significantly stronger secondary T cell responses in mice harboring activated lymph nodes, demonstrating that the availability of an activated lymph node supported the generation of T cell memory in an Ag-unrelated manner. The presence of an activated lymph node during the expansion and contraction phase of the primary response did not endow T cells with an instructional program for increased survival or secondary expansion, but primarily served to conserve increased numbers of T cells.
A Synthetic Peptide Vaccine Directed against the 2β2–2β3 Loop of Domain 2 of Protective Antigen Protects Rabbits from Inhalation Anthrax
Authors: Oscherwitz Jon , Yu Fen , Cease Kemp B. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe current vaccines for anthrax in the United States and United Kingdom are efficacious in the two most accepted animal models of inhalation anthrax, nonhuman primates and rabbits, but require extensive immunization protocols. We previously demonstrated that a linear determinant in domain 2 of Bacillus anthracis protective Ag (PA) is a potentially important target for an epitope-specific vaccine for anthrax, as Abs specific for this site, referred to as the loop-neutralizing determinant (LND), neutralize lethal toxin in vitro, yet are virtually absent in PA-immunized rabbits. In this study, we evaluated the immunogenicity and protective efficacy in rabbits of multiple antigenic peptides (MAPs) consisting of aa 304–319 from the LND of PA colinearly synthesized at the C terminus (T-B MAP) or N terminus (B-T MAP) with a heterologous T cell epitope from Plasmodium falciparum. Immunogenicity studies demonstrated that both MAPs elicited toxin-neutralizing Ab in rabbits. To evaluate the MAPs as potential anthrax vaccines, we immunized groups of rabbits (n = 7) with each MAP in Freund’s adjuvant and then exposed all rabbits to a 200-LD50 challenge with aerosolized spores of B. anthracis Ames strain. All seven rabbits immunized with the B-T MAP and 89% (six of seven) of rabbits immunized with the T-B MAP survived the spore challenge. Corollary studies with reference sera from human vaccinees immunized with rPA or anthrax vaccine absorbed and nonhuman primates immunized with PA revealed no detectable Ab with specificity for the LND. We conclude that a synthetic peptide vaccine targeting the LND would be a potentially efficacious vaccine for anthrax.
Preparation of Heterocyclic Amines by an Oxidative Amination of Zinc Organometallics Mediated by CuI: A New Oxidative Cycloamination for the Preparation of Annulated Indole Derivatives
Authors: Kienle Marcel , Wagner Andreas J. , Dunst Cora , Knochel Paul 
Published: August 2010

AbstractFunctionalized heterocyclic zinc reagents are easily aminated by an oxidative amination reaction of zinc amidocuprates prepared from various lithium amides. For the oxidation step, PhI(OAc)2 proved to be the best reagent. The required heterocyclic zinc organometallics can be prepared either by direct metalation, by magnesium insertion in the presence of ZnCl2, or by transmetalation of a suitable magnesium reagent. Furthermore, we report a new ring‐closing reaction involving an intramolecular oxidative amination reaction. This reaction allows the preparation of tetracyclic heterocycles containing furan, thiophene, or indole rings.
Development of Novel Catalysts for Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis: Tuning the Product Selectivity
Authors: Zhang Qinghong , Kang Jincan , Wang Ye 
Published: August 2010

AbstractFischer–Tropsch synthesis is a heterogeneous catalytic process for the production of clean hydrocarbon fuels or chemicals from synthesis gas (CO+H2), which can be derived from non‐petroleum feedstocks such as natural gas, coal, or biomass. Fischer–Tropsch synthesis has received renewed interests in recent years because of the global demand for a decreased dependence on petroleum for production of fuels and chemicals. The product distributions with conventional Fischer–Tropsch catalysts usually follow the Anderson–Schulz–Flory distribution and are typically unselective with regards to the formation of hydrocarbons from methane to waxes. Selectivity control is one of the key challenges of research into Fischer–Tropsch synthesis. This Review article summarizes the effects of key factors on catalytic properties, particularly the product selectivity, and highlights recent developments of novel Fischer–Tropsch catalysts and new strategies with an aim at controlling the product selectivity.
AT‐Specific DNA Binding of Binuclear Ruthenium Complexes at the Border of Threading Intercalation
Authors: Andersson Johanna , Li Minna , Lincoln Per 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe binuclear ruthenium complex [μ‐bidppz(phen)4Ru2]4+ has been extensively studied since the discovery of its unusual threading intercalation interaction with DNA, a binding mode with extremely slow binding and dissociation kinetics. The complex has been shown to be selective towards long stretches of alternating AT base pairs, which makes it interesting, for example, as a model compound for anti‐malaria drugs due to the high AT content of the genome of the malaria parasite P. falciparum. We have investigated the effect of bridging ligand structure on threading intercalation ability and found that length and rigidity as well as the size of the intercalated ring system are all factors that affect the rate and selectivity of the threading intercalation. In particular, we discovered a new DNA‐threading compound, [μ‐dppzip(phen)4Ru2]4+, which appears to be just at the border of being capable of threading intercalation and displays even greater selectivity for AT‐DNA than the parent compound, [μ‐bidppz(phen)4Ru2]4+.
Studies on the Reactivity of [Ge9]4− towards [Fe(cot)(CO)3]: Synthesis and Characterization of [Ge8Fe(CO)3]3− and of the Anionic Organometallic Species [Fe(cot)(CO)3]−
Authors: Zhou Binbin , Goicoechea Jose M. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractReaction of cyclooctatetraene (COT) iron(II) tricarbonyl, [Fe(cot)(CO)3], with one equivalent of K4Ge9 in ethylenediamine (en) yielded the cluster anion [Ge8Fe(CO)3]3− which was crystallographically‐characterized as a [K(2,2,2‐crypt)]+ salt in [K(2,2,2‐crypt)]3[Ge8Fe(CO)3]. The chemically‐reduced organometallic species [Fe(η3‐C8H8)(CO)3]− was also isolated as a side‐product from this reaction as [K(2,2,2‐crypt)][Fe(η3‐C8H8)(CO)3]. Both species were further characterized by EPR and IR spectroscopy and electrospray mass spectrometry. The [Ge8Fe(CO)3]3− cluster anion represents an unprecedented functionalized germanium Zintl anion in which the nine‐atom precursor cluster has lost a vertex, which has been replaced by a transition‐metal moiety.
Tripodal Thiols as Ligands for Molecular Magnets: Very Strong Antiferromagnetic Exchange Interactions in Vanadium(III) Clusters
Authors: Batchelor Luke J. , Fitzgerald Emma , Wolowska Joanna , McDouall Joseph J. W. , McInnes Eric J. L. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe synthesis, structural and magnetic characterisation of [VIII3O(tmme)2(diimine)2Cl] [diimine=2,2′‐bipyridine (1) or 1,10‐phenanthroline (2)] and (HNEt3)2[VIII4O(tmme)4] (3) is reported, in which H3tmme is tris(mercaptomethyl)ethane, MeC(CH2SH)3, the thiol analogue of the famous tripodal alcohol ligands typified by H3thme [tris(hydroxymethyl)ethane, MeC(CH2OH)3]. Complexes 1 and 3 have “T‐shaped” and square topologies, respectively, and the latter is centred on a rare example of a square‐planar oxide. The tri‐thiolate ligands bind the periphery of the clusters and provide such strong antiferromagnetic exchange pathways that in both cases only a single total spin state is occupied up to room temperature, in the absence of metal–metal bonding. Magnetic data, electronic structure calculations and electrochemical data are reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Exotic Structures of Si2B2H4.
Authors: JEMMIS E. D. , SUBRAMANIAN G. , KORKIN A. A. , HOFMANN M. , VON RAGUE SCHLEYER P. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrooptical Properties and Molecular Polarization of Iodine, I2.
Authors: MAROULIS G. , MAKRIS C. , HOHM U. , GOEBEL D. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Rubidium Indium Antimonide, Rb2In2Sb3.
Authors: GOURDON O. , BOUCHER F. , GAREH J. , EVAIN M. , O'CONNOR C. , JUNG J.‐S. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Fabrication, Mechanical Properties, and Electrical Conductivity of Co3O4 Ceramics.
Authors: SAKAMOTO S. , YOSHINAKA M. , HIROTA K. , YAMAGUCHI O. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Transparent, Conducting, Amorphous Oxides: Effect of Chemical Composition on Electrical and Optical Properties of Cadmium Germanates.
Authors: KIKUCHI N. , HOSONO H. , KAWAZOE H. , OYOSHI K. , HISHITA S. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Rb2Hg3Te4: A New Layered Compound Synthesized from Solvothermal Reactions.
Authors: LI J. , CHEN Z. , LAM K.‐C. , MULLEY S. , PROSERPIO D. M. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure of Aggregates of trans‐4‐Alkoxy‐4′‐carboxystilbenes in the Solid State and in Microheterogeneous Media. A Link Between the “Unit Aggregate” and Extended Arrays
Authors: VADAY S. , GEIGER H. C. , CLEARY B. , PERLSTEIN J. , WHITTEN D. G. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclodimerization of α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones Catalyzed by Lanthanoid Tri‐2‐propoxides.
Authors: OKANO T. , OHNO K. , KIJI J. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Ring Expansion of 4‐Alkynylcyclobutenones. Synthesis of Piperidinoquinones, Highly Substituted Dihydrophenanthridines, Benzophenanthridines, and the Naturally Occurring Pyrrolophenanthridine, Assoanine.
Authors: XIONG Y. , MOORE H. W. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Anodic Fluorination of Vinyl Sulfides ‐ Synthesis of α‐Fluoro‐. beta.‐thio‐α,β‐unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds.
Authors: ANDRES D. F. , DIETRICH U. , LAURENT E. G. , MARQUET B. S. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Condensation of Aryl Iodides and Diaryliodonium Salts with Terminal Acetylenes in Aqueous Media.
Authors: BUMAGIN N. A. , SUKHOMLINOVA L. I. , LUZIKOVA E. V. , TOLSTAYA T. P. , BELETSKAYA I. P. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Hindered and Functionalized 1‐CF3 Substituted Olefins via a Carbolithiation‐Elimination‐Metalation Cascade.
Authors: BEGUE J.‐P. , BONNET‐DELPON D. , BOUVET D. , ROCK M. H. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Kinetic Study of the Thermal Decarboxylation of α,α‐ Difluoro β‐Lactones.
Authors: OCAMPO R. , DOLBIER W. R. JUN. , BARTBERGER M. D. , PAREDES R. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling and Carbonylative Cross‐Coupling of Organostannanes and Organoboranes with Hypervalent Iodine Compounds.
Authors: KANG S.‐K. , YAMAGUCHI T. , KIM T.‐H. , HO P.‐S. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Extended π‐Chromophores Based on Tetraethynylethene.
Authors: NIERENGARTEN J.‐F. , SCHREIBER M. , DIEDERICH F. , GRAMLICH V. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.