bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seroprevalence of varicella‐zoster virus in Korea
Authors: Choi Won Suk , Noh Ji Yun , Huh Joong Yeon , Jo Yu Mi , Lee Jacob , Song Joon Young , Kim Woo Joo , Cheong Hee Jin 
Published: October 2010

AbstractVaricella‐zoster virus (VZV) causes chickenpox and herpes zoster. Korea is assumed to have a high seroprevalence of VZV, although data are scant. A cross‐sectional and age‐stratified study was conducted to investigate the seroprevalence of VZV in different ages in the South Korean population. Four medical institutions were chosen in the southwestern area of Seoul in the vicinity of Gyeonggi‐do. Serum samples were obtained at each institution from consenting patients during April–August, 2008. Anti‐VZV IgG antibody was measured by an enzyme immunoassay. Of the 887 patients, 87.6% had anti‐VZV IgG antibody. The prevalence of anti‐VZV IgG antibody was 75% during the first 3 months after birth, but was only 13.6% 12 months after birth. Anti‐VZV IgG antibody prevalence increased, first at 1–2 years of age, and then at 5–6 years of age. The seroprevalence rate exceeded 90% in subjects over 11 years of age. The results show that the seroprevalence of VZV is relatively high in the South Korean population. A study on the rate of varicella vaccination and the vaccine's efficacy in South Korea is warranted. J. Med. Virol. 82:2123–2126, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cardioprotective effect of NO‐metoprolol in murine coxsackievirus B3‐induced myocarditis
Authors: Glück Brigitte , Dahlke Katja , Zell Roland , Krumbholz Andi , Decker Michael , Lehmann Jochen , Wutzler Peter 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe effect of NO‐metoprolol, that is, 3‐nitrooxypivaloyl metoprolol‐amide, a novel NO‐releasing derivative of the β1‐blocking drug metoprolol was investigated in A.CA/SnJ mice infected with coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) and compared to metoprolol and placebo. Daily treatment of mice with the respective drug started immediately (experiment A) or 3 days after virus infection (experiment B) and was continued until day 13 post‐infection (p.i.). Two doses of NO‐metoprolol were administered. Body mass differences, viral load, and histopathological signs of myocarditis were compared between the several groups. As a result, NO‐metoprolol diminished significantly the body weight loss, the viral load and the histopathology, whereas metoprolol treatment led solely to a significant attenuation of myocardial damage. In experiment A, low dose NO‐metoprolol decreased significantly enteroviral copy numbers. Both doses of NO‐metoprolol had a significant effect on reduction of myocardial infiltrates and fibrosis. The data suggest that delayed drug administration might more advantageous. Both doses of NO‐metoprolol reduced significantly the scores of four tested parameters compared to placebo. Body weight loss, virus titers, plus‐strand as well as minus‐strand enteroviral RNA levels, infiltration and fibrosis scores were diminished significantly when NO‐metoprolol was given 3 days p.i. In addition, a significant difference regarding the enteroviral copy numbers was observed between low dose NO‐metoprolol‐ and metoprolol‐treated mice. Treatment with metoprolol reduced insignificantly the viral load and body weight loss (experiment A and B) but led to a significant reduction of myocardial histopathology in experiment A. The results indicate that NO‐metoprolol treatment has a greater therapeutic benefit than metoprolol. J. Med. Virol. 82:2043–2052, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Urban climatic map studies: a review
Authors: Ren Chao , Ng Edward Yan‐yung , Katzschner Lutz 
Published: October 2010

AbstractSince their introduction 40 years ago, worldwide interest in urban climatic map (UCMap) studies has grown. Today, there are over 15 countries around the world processing their own climatic maps, developing urban climatic guidelines, and implementing mitigation measures for local planning practices. Facing the global issue of climate change, it is also necessary to include the changing climatic considerations holistically and strategically in the planning process, and to update city plans. This paper reviews progress in UCMap studies. The latest concepts, key methodologies, selected parameters, map structure, and the procedures of making UCMaps are described in the paper. The mitigation measures inspired by these studies and the associated urban climatic planning recommendations are also examined. More than 30 relevant studies around the world have been cited, and both significant developments and existing problems are discussed. The thermal environment and air ventilation condition within the urban canopy layer (UCL) of the city are important in the analytical processes of the climatic‐environmental evaluation. Possible mitigation measures and planned actions include decreasing anthropogenic heat release, improving air ventilation at the pedestrian level, providing more shaded areas, increasing greenery, creating air paths, and controlling building morphologies. Further developments have and will continue to focus on the spatial analysis of human thermal comfort in urban outdoor environments and on the impacts and adaptations of climate change. Mapmakers must continue to share lessons and experiences with city planners and policy makers, especially in the rapidly expanding cities of developing countries and regions. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society
Tribological study of triazine derivatives as additives in rapeseed oil
Authors: Xiong Liping , He Zhongyi , Xu Huan , Lu Jinliang , Ren Tianhui , Fu Xisheng 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThree novel S‐P‐N type triazine derivatives were synthesised, and their structures were analysed through elemental analysis, and their tribological behaviours as additives in rapeseed oil were evaluated using a four‐ball tester. The extreme pressure and antiwear (AW) mechanism was investigated by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicate that the additives possess excellent load‐carrying capacity and AW ability but have some friction‐reducing property only under the low load condition. Based on the results of XPS and SEM analysis, it can be seen that tribochemical reaction occurred between the synthesised compounds and metal surfaces during the sliding process, to form a complex film which has excellent load‐carrying capacity and AW ability. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Safety and efficacy of high dose intravenous desferrioxamine for reduction of iron overload in sickle cell disease
Authors: Kalpatthi Ram , Peters Brittany , Kane Ian , Holloman David , Rackoff Elizabeth , Disco Deborah , Jackson Sherron , Laver Joseph H , Abboud Miguel R. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackgroundPatients with sickle cell disease (SCD) receiving chronic blood transfusions are at risk of developing iron overload and organ toxicity. Chelation therapy with either subcutaneous (SQ) desferrioxamine (DFO) or oral deferasirox is effective in preventing and reducing iron overload but poses significant challenges with patient compliance. Intravenous (IV) infusions of high dose DFO have been utilized in non‐compliant patients with heavy iron overload in small case series.ProcedureWe review our experience of high dose IV DFO in 27 patients with SCD who had significant iron overload and were noncompliant with subcutaneous (SQ) DFO. All patients were treated in‐hospital with DFO 15 mg/kg/hr IV for 48 hr every 2–4 weeks with a mean duration of 19.6 months.ResultsWe observed a significant decrease in liver iron burden with high dose intermittent IV DFO. Histological examination of liver biopsies revealed a decrease in the grade of liver iron storage. Also there was significant improvement in liver enzymes (ALT, AST) after high dose IV DFO. No audiologic or ophthalmologic toxicity or acute or chronic pulmonary complications were observed.ConclusionsIn our cohort of patients with SCD we observed a significant decrease in liver iron burden with high dose IV DFO. Our patients tolerated the therapy well without any major toxicity. This regimen is safe and may be an option for poorly compliant patients with significant iron overload. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2010;55:1338–1342. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A isoform mRNA expression in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Kruizinga R.C. , de Jonge H.J.M. , Kampen K.R. , Walenkamp A.M.E. , de Bont E.S.J.M. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIn AML high VEGFA protein expression correlates with poor overall and relapse‐free survival (OS/RFS). To date, the relevance of the various VEGFA isoforms is unclear. We determined VEGF121, VEGF145, VEGF148, VEGF165, VEGF183, and VEGF189 mRNA expression in pediatric AML samples and investigated the relation between VEGFA isoform expression and clinicopatholologic characteristics and outcome. A significant co‐expression of VEGF121, VEGF165, VEGF183, and VEGF189 isoforms was apparent (mean rho = 0.716, P < 0.0001). This co‐expression justifies measuring a single VEGFA isoform (e.g., 121, 165, 183, and 189) as representative expression of all VEGFA isoforms in future studies designed to determine the prognostic importance of VEGFA isoforms. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011;56:294–297. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Case study summary of dryer explosion and venting design
Authors: Davis Scott G. , Engel Derek , Hansen Olav R. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractA recent explosion occurred in a single burner, recirculating solids ring dryer. The explosion caused significant damage to the dryer. All of the explosion panels opened, with two of the doors on the external ring duct were separated from their hinges, with one landing on the upper roof section, while the other fell back through the roof of the facility in the area of workers. The facility owners thought the accident was caused by a dust explosion, because they recently converted to a new process with finer solid particulates. However, process data also showed that the explosion could have been the result of a gas explosion. A computational fluids dynamic model was used to help evaluate the consequences associated with a dust or gas explosion during the incident. The simulated results showed that this was a gas explosion and not a dust explosion. Preventative recommendations are included. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog, 2010
High‐throughput approach to detection of knockdown resistance (kdr) mutation in mosquitoes, Culex quinquefasciatus, based on real‐time PCR using single‐labelled hybridisation probe/melting curve analysis
Authors: Sarkar Manas , Baruah Indra , Srivastava Ravi B , Borkotoki Aparajita , Bhattacharyya Indra Kumar 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND: Knockdown resistance (kdr) mutation (L1014F) is a well‐defined mechanism of resistance to pyrethroids and DDT in many insect species. Sensitive detection of the mutations associated with resistance is a prerequisite for resistance management strategies. The authors have developed a new real‐time molecular diagnostic assay based on SimpleProbe®/melting curve analysis for large‐scale kdr genotyping in the wild population of Culex quinquefasciatus Say, the principal vector of bancroftian filariasis. Melting curve analysis is based on the thermal stability difference between matched and mismatched DNA duplexes. The application of SimpleProbe® chemistry in insects described here is novel in entomology research.RESULTS: The mosquitoes homozygous for knockdown‐resistant and knockdown‐susceptible allele showed melting peaks at 60.45 °C ( ± 0.25) and 64.09 °C ( ± 0.24) respectively. The heterozygous mosquitoes yielded both peaks at approximately 60.5 °C ( ± 0.2) and 64.20 °C ( ± 0.23). Among the 92 samples genotyped, 16 were found to be homozygous resistant, 44 homozygous susceptible and 32 heterozygous. Comparative assessments were made of all the reported methods for kdr genotyping.CONCLUSION: The present method is cheaper, faster, more reliable and versatile than other alternatives proposed in detecting correct kdr genotypes in mosquitoes. This is the first report using a single‐labelled hybridisation probe to detect point mutations in insect populations. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Olfactory and visual responses of the longlegged chafer Hoplia spectabilis Medvedev (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in Qinghai Province, China
Authors: Zhang Qing‐He , Ma Jian‐Hai , Yang Qi‐Qing , Byers John A , Klein Michael G , Zhao Feng‐Yu , Luo You‐Qing 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND: Monitoring traps and control methods are needed for the long‐legged chafer, Hoplia spectabilis Medvedev, which has recently reached outbreak numbers in pastureland of Qinghai Province, China.RESULTS: Field trapping experiments, using cross‐pane funnel (barrier) traps, showed that H. spectabilis adults were not significantly attracted to branches of the host plant Dasiphora fructicosa (L.) Rydb. However, beetles were slightly attracted to similar host plant branches infested by conspecific beetles, possibly owing to weakly attractive volatiles, primarily (Z)‐3‐hexenyl acetate, released from beetle‐damaged host leaves. This compound was weakly attractive when released from traps. However, H. spectabilis beetles showed strong visual responses to yellow‐ or white‐painted trap panes, with weaker responses to blue, red or green panes, and least response to black panes. Black traps at 0.2–1.5 m above ground intercepted significantly more beetles than traps at 2.5 m. The mean flight height based on trap catches was 0.88 m (SD = 0.76), yielding an effective flight layer of 1.9 m. Flight response of beetles to colored barrier traps occurred between 10:00 and 18:00, and peaked between 12:00‐14:00, when daily temperatures reached their maximum.CONCLUSION: Unbaited yellow or white cross‐pane funnel traps are recommended for both monitoring and mass‐trapping programs against this economically and ecologically important scarab beetle. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Lepidopteran larva consumption of soybean foliage: basis for developing multiple‐species economic thresholds for pest management decisions
Authors: de Freitas Bueno Regiane Cristina Oliveira , de Freitas Bueno Adeney , Moscardi Flávio , Postali Parra José Roberto , Hoffmann‐Campo Clara Beatriz 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND: Defoliation by Anticarsia gemmatalis (Hübner), Pseudoplusia includens (Walker), Spodoptera eridania (Cramer), S. cosmioides (Walker) and S. frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) was evaluated in four soybean genotypes. A multiple‐species economic threshold (ET), based upon the species' feeding capacity, is proposed with the aim of improving growers' management decisions on when to initiate control measures for the species complex.RESULTS: Consumption by A. gemmatalis, S. cosmioides or S. eridania on different genotypes was similar. The highest consumption of P. includens was 92.7 cm2 on Codetec 219RR; that of S. frugiperda was 118 cm2 on Codetec 219RR and 115.1 cm2 on MSoy 8787RR. The insect injury equivalent for S. cosmoides, calculated on the basis of insect consumption, was double the standard consumption by A. gemmatalis, and statistically different from the other species tested, which were similar to each other.CONCLUSIONS: As S. cosmioides always defoliated nearly twice the leaf area of the other species, the injury equivalent would be 2 for this lepidopteran species and 1 for the other species. The recommended multiple‐species ET to trigger the beginning of insect control would then be 20 insect equivalents per linear metre. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Labdane‐type diterpenoids from Leonurus heterophyllus and their cholinesterase inhibitory activity
Authors: Hung Tran Manh , Luan Tran Cong , Vinh Bui The , Cuong To Dao , Min Byung Sun 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIn the course of screening plants used in natural medicines as memory enhancers, a 70% ethanol extract of the aerial parts of Leonurus heterophyllus showed significant AChE inhibitory activity. Bioassay‐guided fractionation and repeated column chromatography led to the isolation of a new labdane‐type diterpenoids (1), named leoheteronin F, and six known compounds (2–7). The chemical structures of isolated compounds were elucidated based on extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data. The isolates 1–7 were investigated in vitro for their anticholinesterase activity using mouse cortex AChE enzyme. Leoheteronin A (5) and leopersin G (7), which possess a 15,16‐epoxy group at the side chain, were found to be potent in the inhibition of AChE. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The DFT study on mechanisms for NCO with C2H5 reaction
Authors: Pan Ya‐Ru , Tang Yi‐Zhen , Sun Jing‐Yu , Sun Hao , Wang Rong‐Shun 
Published: October 2010

AbstractA detailed investigation has been performed at the QCISD(T)/6‐311++G(d,p)//B3LYP/6‐311+G(d,p) level for the reaction of NCO with C2H5 by constructing singlet and triplet potential energy surfaces (PES). The results show that the title reaction is more favorable on the singlet PES than on the triplet PES. On the singlet PES, the initial addition processes are barrierless and release lots of energy. The dominant channel occurs via the fragmentations of the initial adduct C2H5NCO and C2H5OCN to form C2H4 + HNCO and HOCN, respectively. With higher barrier heights, other products such as CH4 + HNC + CO, CH3CHNH + CO, CH3CH + HNCO, and CH3CN + H2 + CO are less competitive. On the triplet PES, the entrance reactions surpass significant barriers; therefore, it could be negligible at the normal atmospheric condition. However, the most feasible channel on the triplet PES is the direct hydrogen abstraction channel to form CH2CH2 + HNCO. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2011
A theoretical study on electronic structure and structure–activity properties of novel drug precursor 6‐acylbenzothiazolon derivatives
Authors: Gülseven Sidir Yadİgar , Sidir İsa , Taşal Erol , Öǧretir Cemİl 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIn this work, electronic properties and structure–activity relationship (SAR) parameters of 20 novel drug precursor 6‐acylbenzothiazolon derivatives with analgesic activity have been investigated theoretically by performing Austin Model‐1 (AM1) and DFT‐B3LYP/6‐31G (d) calculations with the aim to correlate the properties of each substance—particularly electronic properties and SAR parameters—with the biological interactions that are linked to their pharmacological effects. Their molecular properties were related to the biological activity of these drug precursor molecules. The relationship between octanol–water partition coefficient (logP) and each of the SAR parameters [ELUMO–HOMO, molecular volume (Vm), ionization potential (IP), electron affinity, electronegativity (χ), chemical hardness (η), chemical softness (S), electrophilic index (ω), and molar refractivity] present linear correlation except for IP and χ. This result suggests that there are future prospects for designing or developing new drugs based on the correlation between the theoretically calculated parameters. According to AM1 calculation, the values of heat of formation of 6‐acylbenzothiazolon derivatives are negative (exothermic), which shows that these molecules are thermodynamically stable.ELUMO–HOMOenergy levels of the studied molecules are 4–5 eV, which also indicate that they are kinetically unstable. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2011
Magnetic excitation and thermodynamics of BaFe2As2
Authors: Wang Y. , Shang S. L. , Chen L. Q. , Liu Z. K. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractMagnetic excitation of the iron‐based superconductor parent compound BaFe2As2 at finite temperature are addressed with a first‐principles formulation of the Helmholtz energy, which can account for the finite temperature mixture of many magnetic configurations. We find that it is the spin exchange coupling in the interplane c direction that dictates the spin density wave ordering. We have also quantitatively predicted the pressure dependence of the spin density wave ordering temperature, the Schottky anomaly, and the temperature dependence of thermal populations of several low‐energy spin configurations, all in agreement with available experimental data. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2011
Theoretical study on the smallest endohedral metallofullerenes: TM@C20 (TM = Ce and Gd)
Authors: Wu Julong , Sun Zhicheng , Li Xiaojun , Ma Bing , Tian Maosheng , Li Shirong 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe structure, electronic property, and infrared spectroscopy of endohedral metallofullerenes TM@C20 (TM = Ce and Gd) have been systematically investigated with the aid of the hybrid DFT‐B3LYP functional. It is found that in the endohedral metallofullerenes the average CC bond lengths are obvious longer than those of empty cage. The frontier orbital analyses show that the endohedral metallofullerene Gd@C20 has the high‐thermodynamic stability. Natural population analysis also tells us that only in the Ce@C20, the Ce atom acts as an electron acceptor with the negative charges, and the 4f orbitals of Ce and Gd atoms have a significant contribution in the formation of chemical bonding. Additionally, the analyses of harmonic vibrational frequencies reveal that when the TM atoms are encapsulated into the C20 cage, the strongest absorption peaks are characterized by a mixture of TM−C bending and CC stretching vibrations. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2011
Seed predator deterrence by seed‐carrying ants in a dyszoochorous plant, Chamaesyce maculata L. Small (Euphorbiaceae)
Authors: Ohnishi Yoshihiro K. , Suzuki Nobuhiko 
Published: October 2010

AbstractSeeds are often carried by omnivorous ants even if they do not carry elaiosomes. Although many seeds carried by ants are consumed, both seeds abandoned during the seed carrying and leftover seeds are consequently dispersed (dyszoochory). These non‐myrmecochorous seeds do not necessarily attract ants quickly. Therefore, these seeds often seem to be exposed to the danger of consumption by pre‐dispersal seed predators. We propose the hypotheses, “seed predator deterrence hypothesis” that plants may benefit from seed‐carrying ants if they deter seed predators from visiting plants, and seed‐carrying ants may play additional roles in plant reproductive success, besides dyszoochory by ants. To test the hypotheses, we investigated the abundance of seed‐carrying ants of the species Tetramorium tsushimae Linnaeus and Pheidole noda Smith F., and of the seed predatory stinkbug, Nysius plebeius Distat, on the spotted sandmat, Chamaesyce maculata L. Small, of which the seeds have no elaiosomes but are consumed by both ants and bugs. In the field, ants and stinkbugs seldom encountered each other on the plant. The number of stinkbugs beneath the plants with ants was smaller than that beneath the plants without ants. In laboratory experiments, the number of stinkbugs on the shoot was smaller when ants were present than when they were absent. These results might support the seed predator deterrence hypothesis: the probability of seed predation by stinkbugs seems to be reduced by the ant visits on plants and/or the existence of ants beneath the plants. This study highlights a new ant–plant interaction in seed dispersal by ants.