bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of self‐designed metabolic equivalent exercises on cancer‐related fatigue in patients with gastric cancer: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Xin Xiao , Huang Lei , Pan Qi , Zhang Jun , Hu Weiguo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimsTo investigate the effect of Self‐designed Metabolic Equivalent Exercises (SMEE) on cancer‐related fatigue in patients with gastric cancer.Methods130 patients with gastric cancer admitted to Department of Oncology of a tertiary hospital in Shanghai were enrolled and assessed for eligibility. After excluding 1 patient who declined to participate, 129 eligible patients were randomly assigned into SMEE (n = 65) and control (n = 64) groups. The Revised Piper Fatigue Scale (RPFS) and EORTC QLQ‐C30 Quality of Life Scale were used to measure cancer‐caused fatigue and quality of life, respectively, in both groups at the first admission and after 3 months.ResultsAfter excluding patients who did not receive allocated intervention due to medical (n = 3) and personal (n = 2) reasons, those who were lost to follow‐up (n = 3), and those who had discontinued intervention (n = 2), 119 patients (64 in the SMEE group and 55 in the control group) were included for analysis. There were no statistically significant differences in the RPFS or QLQ‐C30 score between the two groups at baseline. After 3 months, the total RPFS score of the SMEE group was significantly lower than that of the control group (2.86 ± 1.75 vs. 4.65 ± 1.29, p = 0.009), with significant improvements in affective meaning (0.83 ± 0.92 vs. 1.13 ± 0.77, p = 0.044) and sensory (0.70 ± 0.71 vs. 1.00 ± 0.54, p < 0.001) subscales; in the SMEE group, QLQ‐C30 scores in somatic (2.00 ± 0.27 vs. 1.31 ± 0.26, p < 0.001), emotional (2.67 ± 0.58 vs. 2.07 ± 0.48, p < 0.001), and social (3.23 ± 0.58 vs. 1.64 ± 0.51, p < 0.001) functioning were significantly higher than those in the control group, with significant improvements in fatigue (p < 0.001), nausea/vomiting (p = 0.014), shortness of breath (p < 0.001), constipation (p < 0.001), and diarrhea (p = 0.001) dimensions.ConclusionThe self‐programmed metabolic equivalent manipulation as an exercise intervention could effectively reduce the degree of cancer‐caused fatigue and improve quality of life in patients with gastric cancer.
Neoadjuvant immunotherapy improves outcomes for resectable gastroesophageal junction cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Wu Danzhu , Yang Liyuan , Yan Yu , Jiang Zhengchen , Liu Yinglong , Dong Peng , Lv Yajuan , Zhou Siqin , Qiu Yiyang , Yu Xinshuang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn recent years, neoadjuvant immunotherapy (NAIT) has developed rapidly in patients with gastroesophageal junction cancer (GEJC). The suggested neoadjuvant treatment regimens for patients with GEJC may vary in light of the efficacy and safety results.MethodsA search of the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science was completed to locate studies examining the safety and effectiveness of NAIT for resectable GEJC. We analyzed the effect sizes (ES) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) in addition to subgroups and heterogeneity. Meta‐analyses were performed using Stata BE17 software.ResultsFor these meta‐analyses, 753 patients were chosen from 21 studies. The effectiveness of NAIT was assessed using the pathological complete response (pCR), major pathological response (MPR), and nodal downstage to ypN0 rate. The MPR, pCR, and nodal downstage to ypN0 rate values in NAIT were noticeably higher (MPR: ES = 0.45; 95% CI: 0.36–0.54; pCR: ES = 0.26; 95% CI: 0.21–0.32; nodal downstage to ypN0 rate: ES = 0.60; 95% CI: 0.48–0.72) than those of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCT) or neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) (MPR < 30%; pCR: ES = 3%–17%; nodal downstage to ypN0 rate: ES = 21%–29%). Safety was assessed using the treatment‐related adverse events (trAEs) incidence rate, surgical delay rate, surgical complications incidence rate, and surgical resection rate. In conclusion, the incidence of trAEs, incidence of surgical complications, and surgical delay rate had ES values of 0.66, 0.48, and 0.09, respectively. These rates were comparable to those from nCT or nCRT (95% CI: 0.60–0.70; 0.15–0.51; and 0, respectively). The reported resection rates of 85%–95% with nCT or nCRT were comparable to the mean surgical resection rate of 90%.ConclusionNAIT is an effective treatment for resectable GEJC; additionally, the level of NAIT toxicity is acceptable. The long‐term effects of NAIT require further study.
It provides families with other avenues for treatment when there are no other options Surgeons' perspectives of being part of a precision medicine trial for poor prognosis paediatric cancer patients: A short report
Authors: Daly Rebecca , Hetherington Kate , Wadling Bethany R. , Jacobs Chris , Karpelowsky Jonathan , Wakefield Claire E. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectivePrecision medicine is transforming cancer treatment, yet the perspectives of surgeons who often play a critical role in the delivery of precision medicine remain understudied.MethodsWe conducted semi‐structured interviews with 13 surgeons involved in a precision medicine trial for children with poor prognosis cancer. We explored knowledge of genetics, confidence with somatic and germline results, ratings of benefit to stakeholders and willingness to undertake surgical procedures.ResultsSurgeons generally had positive attitudes towards precision medicine but expressed concerns about families' unrealistic expectations, mixed opinions on the benefits and the use of research‐only biopsies. Most surgeons rated their genetics knowledge as ‘good’ (69%) and felt ‘very confident’ in identifying genetic specialists (66%), but ‘not confident’ (66.6%) in making treatment recommendations. Surgeons' willingness to undertake a procedure was influenced by potential patient benefit.ConclusionsOur findings support the need for more workforce and training support for surgeons to fully engage with precision medicine.
Diacylglycerol kinase alpha is a proliferation marker of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma associated with the prognosis
Authors: Shichi Shunsuke , Sugiyama Ko , Asahi Yoh , Shirakawa Chisato , Nakamoto Hiroki , Kimura Saori , Wakizaka Kazuki , Aiyama Takeshi , Nagatsu Akihisa , Orimo Tatsuya , Kakisaka Tatsuhiko , Taketomi Akinobu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundIntrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) has a high recurrence rate and a poor prognosis. Thus, the development of effective treatment and prognostic biomarkers is required. High expression of diacylglycerol kinase alpha (DGKα) is a prognostic factor for the recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the relationship between DGKα expression and prognosis in ICC has not been reported.MethodsImmunohistochemistry (IHC) with anti‐DGKα antibody was performed on surgical specimens of ICC (n = 69). First, DGKα expression in cancer cells was qualitatively classified into four groups (−, 1+, 2+, 3+) and divided into two groups (DGKα− and DGKα+1 + to 3+). The relationship between clinical features and DGKα expression was analyzed. Second, Ki‐67 expression was evaluated as a cell proliferation marker. The number of Ki‐67‐positive cells was counted, and the relationship with DGKα expression was examined.ResultsDGKα IHC divided the patients into a DGKα+ group (1+: n = 15; 2+: n = 5; 3+: n = 5) and a DGKα− group (−: n = 44). In the DGKα+ group, patients were older and had advanced disease. Both overall survival and recurrence‐free survival (RFS) were significantly worse in the DGKα+ patients. DGKα+ was identified as an independent prognostic factor for RFS by multivariate analysis. Furthermore, the number of Ki‐67‐positive cells increased in association with the staining levels of DGKα.ConclusionPathological DGKα expression in ICC was a cancer proliferation marker associated with recurrence. This suggests that DGKα may be a potential therapeutic target for ICC.
Reclaiming space and memory: Black cowboys and the right to the city
Authors: Babers Myeshia 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis article draws on ethnographic observations from a Black trail ride event in Houston to examine how African Americans negotiate identities and spaces through embodied memories and mobility. Movement and mobility have always influenced racialised belonging through the geopolitics of borders and boundaries, which are inextricably tied to collective meanings of “blackness.” Everyday negotiations of blackness require Black Americans to reckon with the historical and contemporary implications of limited mobility and their place in U.S. society. Engaging with Lefebvre's notion of “the right to the city,” this article reflects on how Black trail riders challenge dominant constructions of space and belonging through collective movement and memory. By analysing a specific ethnographic moment during the trail ride, when Black participants moved from a place bounded by property lines to the space of city streets, the article explores the intersections of race, geography, and mobility. It considers how embodied memories and public reclamations of the past by Black communities pose a threat to established spatial and racial hierarchies. The article contributes to theoretical discourses on geopolitics, borders, and boundaries by centering the experiences and agency of Black trail riders in reimagining and navigating racialised landscapes.
Bilateral phrenic nerve block to reduce hazardous respiratory drive in a mechanically ventilated patient with COVID‐19—A case report
Authors: Levis Anja , Gardill Michael , Bachmann Kaspar F. , Berger David , Schandl Christian , Piquilloud Lise , Haenggi Matthias 
Published: May 2024

Key Clinical MessageForced inspiration during mechanical ventilation risks self‐inflicted lung injury. However, controlling it with sedation or paralysis may cause polyneuropathy and myopathy. We tested bilateral phrenic nerve paralysis with local anesthetic in a patient, showing reduced inspiratory force. This offers an alternative to drug‐induced muscle paralysis.AbstractMechanical ventilation, although a life‐saving measure, can also pose a risk of causing lung injury known as “ventilator‐induced lung injury” or VILI. Patients undergoing mechanical ventilation sometimes exhibit heightened inspiratory efforts, wherein the negative pressure generated by the respiratory muscles adds to the positive pressure generated by the ventilator. This combination of high pressures can lead to a syndrome similar to VILI, referred to as “patient self‐inflicted lung injury” or P‐SILI. Prevention of P‐SILI requires the administration of deep sedation and muscle paralysis to the patients, but both these measures can have undesired effects on their health. In this case report, we demonstrate the effect of a bilateral phrenic nerve block aiming to reduce excessive inspiratory respiratory efforts in a patient suffering from COVID‐19 pneumonitis.
Mycoplasma myocarditis presenting with sustained SVT and acute heart failure without signs of myocardiocytolysis and extra‐cardiac disease
Authors: Radaelli Marco , Keller C. P. T. Leah , Franca Hudson , Mehrotra Kshitij 
Published: May 2024

Key Clinical MessageMycoplasma myocarditis is a rare but potentially serious condition that can cause inflammation of the heart muscle, leading to arrhythmia and heart failure. It is important to consider this condition in the differential diagnosis of young patients presenting with unexplained signs of heart failure and SVT, even in the absence of signs of myocardiocytolysis and extra‐cardiac disease.AbstractMycoplasma pneumoniae infections are often underdiagnosed as a great proportion of patients remain asymptomatic, pauci‐symptomatic, or exhibit varying presentations. M. Pneumoniae manifestations can affect different systems, including the heart, with the potential to lead to high degree of morbidity and debilitating sequelae. Here we present an atypical case of M. Pneumoniae associated myocarditis which presented with sustained refractory SVT, symptoms of heart failure, and with no signs of myocardiocytolysis, pulmonary involvement, or systemic infection. Given the lack of signs of myocardial inflammation, the patient was initially misdiagnosed with tachycardia induced cardiomyopathy (TIC), but later correctly diagnosed after showing signs of pneumonia during the hospitalization. The patient received the appropriate antibiotic treatment in addition to corticosteroids, was discharged on the 15th day of hospitalization, and completely recovered after 1 month with no arrhythmia recurrence and normalization of ventricular function.
Spontaneous passage of ingested sewing needle: A case report
Authors: Molla Yohannis Derbew , Gelaw Tewodros Baye , Alemu Hirut Tesfahun , Kassie Melaku Tessema , Sisay Menarguachew Atanaw 
Published: May 2024

Key Clinical Message

Sewing needle ingestion is a rare but potentially dangerous event that can affect people of all ages and backgrounds like this patient.

Conservative management with serial abdominal examination and x‐rays can be a reasonable option for patients who do not show signs of perforation or sepsis, as most foreign bodies will pass spontaneously without complications such as this case.

AbstractThough rare, swallowing a sewing needle is a peculiar and potentially dangerous health risk. People of all ages and backgrounds can accidentally ingest sewing needles, with cases documented in both children and adults. Our case focuses on a 17‐year‐old Ethiopian girl who accidentally gulped down a needle while stitching her clothing. Subsequently, she had an episode of vomiting that was tinged with blood along with ingested matter. Remarkably, the patient underwent conservative management using repeated abdominal checkups and x‐rays, successfully passing the broken needle without any surgical intervention. It is important to remember that while uncommon, ingesting sewing needles might lead to significant complications, necessitating immediate and appropriate care.
Arterial stroke in a child with Seckel syndrome with a pattern of non‐moyamoya vasculopathy
Authors: Alavi Samin , Khalili Mitra , Mirmoghaddam Paniz , Kamfar Sharareh , Shams Negar 
Published: May 2024

Key Clinical MessageSeckel syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder, characterized by growth retardation and multiple anomalies associated with CNS vasculopathy. We describe a child with Seckel syndrome who developed a stroke due to non‐moyamoya vasculopathy.
Conservative management of placenta previa‐percreta with bladder invasion: A case report
Authors: Kashanian Maryam , Eshraghi Nooshin , Babaei Mohammad Reza , Mohammadian‐amiri Mahdis , Ghaemi Marjan , Aklamli Majid , Eshraghi Nasim 
Published: May 2024

Key Clinical MessagePlacenta previa, accompanied by placenta percreta, which involves invasion of the bladder, presents a significant risk of excessive bleeding during and after delivery. This case highlights that prophylactic embolization, conservative surgery, and careful monitoring offer an effective approach to avoid hysterectomy in cases of placenta percreta with adjacent organ involvement.AbstractPlacenta previa complicated by placenta percreta is associated with a high risk of massive intra and post‐partum hemorrhage. We present a case of a 35‐year‐old woman (G2 P1) who was referred to the Akbar‐Abadi hospital at 13 weeks of gestation. Color Doppler ultrasound indicated complete placenta previa‐percreta with bladder invasion. After induction of fetal demise, bilateral uterine and bladder artery endovascular embolization was conducted for the patient. After 48 h, under ultrasound guidance, surgical resection of residual percreta tissue was conducted as much as possible. Eight weeks later, a follow‐up sonography showed the minimum residual placenta tissue and she regained menstrual cycles after 2 months. This case indicated that the combination of prophylactic embolization, conservative surgical management with placenta left in situ, and follow‐up with serial color Doppler monitoring, is an optimum method to avoid hysterectomy in placenta percreta patient with adjacent organ invasion.
Generalized cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita or neonatal lupus? A case report and literature review
Authors: Ghotbabadi Shabnam Hajiani , Barzegar Hamide , Abdolvand Mitra 
Published: May 2024

Key Clinical MessageCutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita (CMTC) presents as marbled erythema and may exhibit diverse associated anomalies. Thorough multidisciplinary evaluation is crucial. Treatment varies with inconclusive evidence, necessitating further research. Our case underscores CMTC's rarity and heterogeneous nature, advocating for comprehensive management approaches and ongoing research.
Cobalt‐Driven Cross‐Dehydrocoupling of Silanes and Amines for Silylamine Synthesis
Authors: Szafoni Ewelina , Kuciński Krzysztof , Hreczycho Grzegorz 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCobalt complexes featuring triazine‐based PNP ligands have proven to be exceptionally active and chemoselective pre‐catalysts in facilitating the dehydrogenative coupling between silanes and amines, leading to the synthesis of diverse aminosilanes. Notably, even challenging substrates exhibited high reactivity. The catalyst‘s unique feature of avoiding coupling with tertiary silanes enhances process chemoselectivity. It facilitates a more precise synthesis of silylamines possessing of SiH2−N and SiH−N motifs, overcoming challenges associated with broader reactivity seen in previous systems. In terms of its remarkable chemoselectivity, it is also noteworthy that the catalytic system exhibits both versatility and efficacy in converting substrates with untouched double and triple carbon‐carbon bonds. This accomplishment is particularly significant, given previous challenges brought about by the activity of commonly employed catalysts in the competitive hydrosilylation process.
Advances in the Synthesis of Poly(Phenolic Ester)s via Ring‐Opening Polymerization
Authors: Lin Jie , Lu Li , Liu Shixun , Jia Zhaowei , Wu Jincai 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe poly(phenolic ester)s are attracting growing attention due to their essential role in the application as biodegradable plastics. Thus, extensive efforts have been devoted to the development of methodology that allows facile preparation of poly(phenolic ester)s with controlled molecular weights for widespread utilities. However, it is highly challenging to introduce phenolic ester bond structure into polyesters from ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) to yield aromatic/semiaromatic poly(phenolic ester)s due to severe transesterification reactions. To synthesize poly(phenolic ester)s with desired structures and properties, scientists have developed various ring‐opening polymerization systems with distinct advantages. Here, we have summarized basic features and recent progresses of these methods, including the cyclic phenolic lactone polymerization system, the salicylic acid O‐carboxyanhydride polymerization system, and the dissymmetric cyclic phenolic lactide polymerization system, as well as other copolymerization routes. Furthermore, the advantages and unsettled problems in various synthetic ways are discussed for readers to choose fast and controllable ROP systems for poly(phenolic ester)s.
Post‐synthetic Metalation on the Ionic TiO2 Surface to Enhance Metal‐CO2 Interaction During Photochemical CO2 Reduction
Authors: Mallick Laxmikanta , Samanta Krishna , Chakraborty Biswarup 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDuring the photochemical CO2 reduction reaction, CO2 adsorption on the catalyst's surface is a crucial step where the binding mode of the [metal‐CO2] adduct directs the product selectivity and efficiency. Herein, an ionic TiO2 nanostructure stabilized by polyoxometalates (POM), ([POM]x@TiO2), is prepared and the sodium counter ions present on the surface to balance the POMs’ charge are replaced with copper(II) ions, (Cux[POM]@TiO2). The microscopic and spectroscopic studies affirm the copper exchange without altering the TiO2 core and weak coordination of copper (II) ions to the POMs’ surface. Band structure analysis suggests the photo‐harvesting efficiency of the TiO2 core with the conduction band edge higher than the reduction potential of CuII/I and multi‐electron CO2 reduction potentials. Photochemical CO2 reduction with Cux[POM]@TiO2 results in 30 μmol gcat.−1 CO (79 %) and 8 μmol gcat−1 of CH4 (21 %). Quasi‐in‐situ Raman study provides evidence in support of CO2 adsorption on the Cux[POM]@TiO2 surface. 13C and D2O labeling studies affirm the {Cu‐[CO2]−} adduct formation. Despite the photo‐harvesting ability of Nax[POM]@TiO2 itself, the poor CO2 adsorption ability of sodium ions highlights the crucial role of copper ion CO2 photo‐reduction. Characterization of the {M‐[η2‐CO2]−} species via surface tuning validates the CO2 activation and photochemical reduction pathway proposed earlier.
Ruthenium(II) Polypyridyl Complexes with Benzoxazole Derivatives and Non‐Innocent Ligands as Effective Antioxidants in Human Neuroblasts
Authors: Giacomazzo Gina Elena , Conti Luca , Paderni Daniele , Sfragano Patrick Severin , Quadrini Lorenzo , Macedi Eleonora , Andreini Camilla , Donati Chiara , Bernacchioni Caterina , Mulas Gloria , Valtancoli Barbara , Palchetti Ilaria , Giorgi Luca , Fusi Vieri , Cencetti Francesca , Giorgi Claudia 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRuthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes continue to raise increasing interest for the encouraging results in several biomedical areas. Considering their vast chemical‐physical repertoire, in particular the possibility to switch from the sensitization of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to ROS‐scavenging abilities by tuning the nature of their ligands, it is therefore surprising that their potential as antioxidants has not been largely investigated so far. Herein, we explored the antioxidant behaviour of the novel ruthenium compound [Ru(dbpy)(2,3‐DAN)Cl]PF6 (Ru1), featuring a benzoxazole derivative (dpby=2,6‐bis(4‐methyl‐2‐benzoxazolyl)pyridine) and the non‐innocent 2,3‐diamminonaftalene (2,3‐DAN) ligand, along with the reference tpy‐containing analogue [Ru(tpy)(2,3‐DAN)Cl]PF6 (Ru2) (tpy=2,2’:6’,2’’‐terpyridine). Following the synthesis and the electrochemical characterization, chemical antioxidant assays highlighted the beneficial role of dpby for the ROS‐scavenging properties of Ru1. These data have been corroborated by the highest protective effect of Ru1 against the oxidative stress induced in SH‐SY5Y human neuroblastoma, which exerts pro‐survival and anti‐inflammatory actions. The results herein reported highlight the potential of Ru1 as pharmacological tool in neurodegenerative diseases and specially prove that the antioxidant properties of such compounds are likely the result of a non‐trivial synergetic action involving the bioactive ligands in their chemical architectures.
Automated Crystallization Monitoring in Material Development using Computer Vision and Neuronal Networks
Authors: Burgdorf Simon‐Johannes , Roddelkopf Thomas , Thurow Kerstin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCrystallization is critical in producing various substances in the food and pharmaceutical industries. The process begins with nucleation from a supersaturated solution, followed by the directed movement of solute molecules toward the newly formed nuclei. This movement is influenced by different factors such as molecular attraction and thermodynamic properties, which influence the resulting crystal size and shape. This paper presents an automated monitoring approach for the growth process of crystallization from saturated solutions. To monitor such a process, a combination of artificial intelligence and computer vision is used. The approach was developed for application in material research to automate the processing of numerous samples, which would otherwise require laboratory personnel.