bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive Assessment of Symptoms, Comorbidities, and Treatment Response in Individuals with Atopic Dermatitis Treated at a Referral Center between 2018 and 2022
Authors: Rojas Olga Lucia Agudelo , Salazar María José Calle , Quijano Liliana María Tamayo , Velásquez-Lopera Margarita , Trespalacios Elsa María Vásquez , Madrigal-Cadavid Juliana , García Angela María Londoño 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic and recurrent inflammatory disease that begins in childhood and can persist into adulthood, with significant impact on quality of life. However, there is a lack of data on its characteristics and treatment in Colombia and Latin America.
Objective:
To describe the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics, quality of life, and treatment responses in patients with AD at a referral center in the city of Medellín, Colombia.
Materials and Methods:
A retrospective descriptive study was conducted analyzing demographic, clinical, and treatment response data, including biologic therapy, in patients with AD treated at the Comprehensive Clinical Program for Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases (CLIPSO) during the period 2018–2022 in Medellín, Colombia.
Results:
A total of 301 patients, including children and adults, with a mean age of 26.76 years were studied. 32.2% were under 18 years old. The average follow-up was 33.23 +/- 22.11 months. Psychiatric disorders were detected in 7.3% of patients and cardiovascular comorbidities in 10.6%. At baseline, moderate to severe disease severity was observed. A 50% reduction in pruritus was associated with adequate disease control by therapy. Additionally, patients treated with dupilumab experienced a 30% decrease in clinical evaluation scores during follow-up.
Conclusions:
Understanding the characteristics of a disease in both children and adults is crucial for comprehensive and personalized management. It is important to know data such as age of onset, symptoms, common lesion locations according to age, comorbidities, and treatment responses. This information is fundamental for selecting appropriate therapies, ensuring effective follow-up, and improving quality of life.
Highly toughened PP/Rice husk charcoal composites modified EPDM Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) with glycidyl methacrylate
Authors: Wang Yaobin , Deng X.L. , Cao B.Y. , Feng H.P. , Chen J. , Li P.D. , Ren Liang , Zhang Mingyao 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

In this article, a strategy is proposed to prepare highly toughened composites from polypropylene (PP), rice husk charcoal (RHC) and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA)-modified EPDM using melt blending and hot pressing. The structure of GMA-modified EPDM is confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The influences of the amounts of EPDM and GMA-modified EPDM on PP composites are investigated by virtue of mechanical properties testing, dimensional stability analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicate that the incorporation of GMA-modified EPDM significantly improves the toughness of PP composites and compared to PRHC the impact strength of PRKEG10 is up to the value of 537J/m and increased by 555%, concurrently the tensile strength and modulus exhibit less decrease with the value of 8.22MPa and 353MPa, respectively. Shrinkage measurements shows the dimensional change rates of length, width, and height decrease from 3.2%, 2.9%, and 3.3% to 1.73%, 1.46%, and 1.93%, respectively, improving the dimensional stability of PP composites. SEM reveals that shear yield and cavitation during the loading process leads to the excellent toughness of PP composites. This strategy provides a novel route to fabricate high ductility rice husk charcoal-based PP composites and expand certain industrial application.
The Mental State Inferences in Healthcare Professionals Scale: A psychometric study
Authors: BETANCORT Moisés , DELGADO Naira , GARCÍA-MARCO Enrique , MORERA Dolores , LORENZO Elena , HARRIS Lasana T. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background. Empathizing with patients is an essential component of effective clinical care. Yet, a debate persists regarding how healthcare professionals' emotions and performance are impacted when they engage in empathetic behaviors and attempt to discern patients' mental states during clinical interactions. To approach this issue, this study introduces an eight-item scale to evaluate healthcare professionals' perceptions of their own disposition to infer patients' mental states during clinical interactions.Method. The psychometric structure of the scale was analyzed, including an exploratory and a confirmatory factor analysis, to test reliability and validity. Additionally, an item response model was run to test how items measure the latent trait. The study collected data from a sample of 485 healthcare professionals and students.Results. Overall, the results indicate that the psychometric structure of this tool is adequate. Furthermore, the unidimensionality of the scale was confirmed, wherein the eight-items significantly contribute to predicting the latent construct.Conclusion. The MSIHPS offers the opportunity to explore the role of mentalizing in a diversity of healthcare settings. This measure can be useful to explore the relationship between healthcare professionals' disposition to infer patients' mental states and other relevant variables in clinical interactions, such as empathy and clinical performance.
Steady State and Time-resolved Fluorescence Spectroscopy of Cinchonine Dication in Sodium Dodecylsulphate Micellar System
Authors: Pant Debi D. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This paper reports the influence of surface charge of the micelles on to the photophysical properties of a cinchonine dication (C2+) fluorophore in anionic, sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS), surfactant at premicellar, micellar and post-micellar concentrations in aqueous phase at room temperature. In steady state there is no change in absorbance of C2+ in all the micelles studied. However, a continuous increase in emission intensity of C2+ has been observed as the concentration of SDS increases up to critical micellar concentration (cmc) of the surfactant, whereas, no change in intensity has been observed beyond cmc. Edge excitation red shift (EERS) in the fluorescence maximum of C2+ is observed in the surfactant. The magnitude of EERS in CTAB is lesser than that in bulk. In SDS surfactant system, due to heterogeneous restricted motion of solvent molecules the solvent relaxation rate increases which results in decrease in net magnitude of EERS. The fluorescence decay curve of C2+ fits with multi exponential functions in the micellar system. The increase in lifetime of C2+ in SDS has been attributed to the increase in radiative rate due to the incorporation of C2+ at the micelle –water interface. The location of the probe molecule in micellar systems is justified by a variety of spectral parameters such as dielectric constant, ET (30), viscosity, anisotropy, EERS, average fluorescence decay time, radiative and non-radiative rate constants, and rotational relaxation time. All experimental results suggest that the C2+ molecule binds strongly with the SDS micelles and reside at micellar–water interface. The binding constant (Kb) calculated for C2+ in SDS revealed that the electrostatic forces mediate charge probe-micelle association.
A remanufacturability evaluation model of used servers from performance perspective
Authors: Shi J. L , Yu Z. H , Li B.Y , Pan Y.X 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Base on the characteristics of computer servers, this study focuses on the reproducibility of waste computer servers from the aspect of performance. First, Grey Relation Analysis is introduced to reflect the performance stability of computer servers after remanufacturing. Subsequently, the performance indicators of the remanufactured computer servers are evaluated through the steps of homogenization, dimensionless quantization, and weight calculation. After testing the performance of the computer servers, the remanufacturing performance index of each computer server is calculated. Finally, the product's remanufacturability score is compared with that of the relevant professionals. The results show that the evaluation method proposed in this study can effectively assess the remanufacturing performance of used computer servers and provide new methods for the reuse of used computer servers.
EdC-Protein Network Formation Analysis in genetic response of human epithelial cells to SteA
Authors: Eslami Nazila 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is a gram-negative facultative anaerobic enteric pathogen in humans and animals and a leading cause of gastroenteritis. The Salmonella pathogenicity island-1(SPI-1) type III secretion system (T3SS) is critical for the invasion of host cells via the trigger mechanism by deploying a macropinocytosis-related process in enterocytes and the SPI-2 of the T3SS is responsible for the zipper mechanism and intracellular survival of Salmonella Typhimurium. These systems translocate proteins called effectors into eukaryotic host cells. SteA is one of the few Salmonella effectors that are substrates of both T3SSs. Nothing is known about the function of this protein inside the host cells. We scheduled a study to evaluate SteA gene expression in patients with Salmonella-induced gastroenteritis and natural specimens and obtained effective endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Then, the protein-protein interaction network was constructed using the STRING database and analyzed using Cytoscape using differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with an adjusted p-value of less than 0.05. Subsequently, the network produced a PPI module. In Salmonellosis, 324 putative EDCs were discovered to influence gene regulation. The 3 genes TGFB1, CCND1, and LUM were genes that were affected by EDCs. However, these results need to be experimentally confirmed to suggest improved prevention.
Determinants of the intention of Brazilian artisanal cheeses under the theoretical lens of planned behavior and perceived risk
Authors: Dias Rejane Carmo Rezende , Cruz José Elenilson , Medina Gabriel da Silva , Fagundes André Francisco Alcântara 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Artisan cheeses are local foods of growing interest from consumers. However, empirical knowledge of the factors that influence the purchase intention of local foods is still limited. Thus, this study aimed to analyze, through the lenses of the theory of perceived behavior and the theory of perceived risk, the factors determining the purchase intention of local consumers for these two important Brazilian artisanal cheeses. Additionally, we verified whether attitude is a mediating variable of the relationship between perceived risk and purchase intention. We collected data in person using a printed questionnaire from a sample of 343 consumers. The data were analyzed using simple correspondence analysis and structural equation modeling with least-squares estimation. The results show that attitude, social norms, perceived behavioral control, and perceived risk positively affect purchase intention, explaining 41% of the variance. Perceived risk positively influences attitude, and this operates as a viable partial mediator of the relationship between perceived risk and purchase intention. We identified that local consumers of both artisanal cheeses do not purchase the products due to a personal obligation to value the product or its producer but because they maintain close relationships with the producers, consisting of frequent direct purchases from the producers.
Effect of lubricated CO2 on grinding of AISI 4140 steel
Authors: Santhosh Deepa Kareepadath , Hoier Philipp , Pušavec Franci , Krajnik Peter 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This paper explores the potential of using lubricated liquid carbon dioxide (LCO2) in grinding processes. Cooling and lubrication are critical in grinding, with conventional flood cooling effectively reducing temperatures and improving surface integrity. However, conventional fluids often contain petroleum-based substances, posing a challenge to fossil-free production. A novel approach involves the use of premixed LCO2 and oil via single-channel minimum quantity lubrication (MQL), which has shown promise in machining with geometrically defined cutting edges but is under-researched in grinding.To fill this gap, we conducted an experimental study on the grindability of AISI 4140 steel, evaluating different cooling/lubrication methods and their effects on surface roughness, residual stresses, microhardness, grinding forces and specific energy. The results indicate that LCO2 + MQL can achieve surface roughness and microhardness comparable to conventional flood cooling, especially for less aggressive finish grinding. However, higher tensile stresses in rough grinding suggest that cooling may be inadequate. Optimisation of nozzle design, orientation and flow rate can improve cooling efficiency and reduce residual tensile stresses. This study shows that LCO2 + MQL is a viable, sustainable alternative to conventional flood cooling, capable of maintaining the required surface integrity in grinding operations.
Disparity in rates and severity of emergency department visits for acute allergic reactions and anaphylaxis over a decade in Calgary: Signal for overdiagnosis?
Authors: Omole Kehinde Oluyori , Khanolkar Rutvij , Neufeld Sarah , Wang Dongmei , Lang Eddy 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

In addition to contribution from environmental factors, overdiagnosis has been postulated as a cause for increasing incidence of acute allergic reactions (AAR) and anaphylaxis in the last few decades. This study focussed on population trends with the aim of identifying pointers to overdiagnosis in AAR and anaphylaxis in the emergency department (ED). The study analyzed administrative data on ED visits in Calgary, Canada between 2010 and 2019. The primary outcome of interest was the change in ED visit rates of AAR and anaphylaxis over the study period. Secondary outcomes consisted of indices of severity including inpatient admissions and ED length of stay. Changes in ED visit rates and severity indices were assessed with a time trend analysis using linear regression of age- and sex-standardized rates adjusted for population growth. This study reports a significant increase in ED visit rates for anaphylaxis (0.14% of ED visits in 2010 vs 0.25% in 2019; P < 0.001) but AAR ED visits remained unchanged (0.99% of ED visits in 2010 vs 1.03% in 2019, P = 0.079). No significant change was observed in severity indices for AAR and anaphylaxis. Over the study period, an increase in the rate of anaphylaxis was observed without a concomitant rise in the rate of AAR ED visits or severity of presentation. This observed disparity in the trend of frequency of cases and severity of cases is suggestive of overdiagnosis. Clinical guidelines for AAR and anaphylaxis should carefully consider how changing diagnostic thresholds may lead to overdiagnosis and potential for patient harm.
Influential Impartiality: A Linear Regression Model of The Effect of Committed Impartiality Pedagogy on Student Political Engagement
Authors: Blass Sawyer 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

In American secondary education, teachers are urged to avoid sharing political views due to concerns about political polarization. This has contributed to high school students' disengagement from national politics, often attributed to a lack of political discourse in schools. Recent studies have explored pedagogical or teaching strategies like committed impartiality (CI), in which teachers share their political views while encouraging open discussion among students, finding that short-term benefits of CI include improved understanding of political issues and increased civic awareness. However, the long-term effects of CI on student political engagement remain underexplored, as existing research mostly examines the long-term impact of neutral impartiality, where teachers avoid disclosing political beliefs altogether. This study aims to address this gap by examining the long-term impact of CI pedagogy on students’ political involvement through linear regression analyses of an online Likert-scale survey (n=20). The survey, conducted among American high school students at an international school in Singapore, gathered data on students' experiences with CI pedagogy and their engagement with both "little p" politics (community-based initiatives) and "Big P" politics (national-level affairs). The analyses revealed a statistically significant and moderately positive correlation between CI pedagogy and student engagement with "little p" (p < 0.01) and "Big P" politics (p < 0.05). These findings reinforce existing literature on the positive impact of teacher political disclosure within the framework of committed impartiality. The study concludes that secondary education teachers sharing their political beliefs while maintaining a commitment to impartiality can increase students' political engagement. However, this study's cohort is limited to American citizens living in Singapore; thus, future research should examine whether this statistically significant relationship applies to American residents and explore the impact of various pedagogical strategies on student political engagement to identify the optimal approach to teacher political disclosure.
The potential utility of (2S,4R)-4-[18F]fluoroglutamine as a novel metabolic imaging marker for inflammation explored by rat models of arthritis and paw edema
Authors: Min-Jeong Kim , Akula Hari K. , Marden Jocelyn , Li Kaixuan , Hu Bao , Vaska Paul , Qu Wenchao 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose
(2S,4R)-4-[18F]fluoroglutamine ([18F]FGln) is a promising metabolic imaging marker in cancer. Based on the fact that major inflammatory cells are heavily dependent on glutamine metabolism like cancer cells, we explored the potential utility of [18F]FGln as a metabolic imaging marker for inflammation in two rat models: carrageenan-induced paw edema (CIPE) and collagen-induced arthritis (CIA).
Procedures:
The CIPE model (n = 4) was generated by injecting 200 µL of 3% carrageenan solution into the left hind paw three hours before the PET. The CIA model (n = 4) was generated by injecting 200 µg of collagen emulsion subcutaneously at the tail base 3–4 weeks before the PET. A qualitative scoring system was used to assess the severity of paw inflammation. After a CT scan, 15.7 ± 4.9 MBq of [18F]FGln was injected via the tail vein, followed by a dynamic micro-PET scan for 90 minutes under anesthesia with isoflurane. The standard uptake value of [18F]FGln was measured by placing a volume of interest in each paw. The non-injected right hind paws of the CIPE model rats served as controls for both models. The paws with CIA were pathologically examined after PET.
Results
In CIPE models, uptake in the injected paw was higher compared to the non-injected paw by 52–83%. In CIA models, uptake in the paws with severe inflammation was higher than the averaged controls by 54–173%, while that with mild and no inflammation was slightly higher (33%) and lower (-7%), respectively. Combined overall, the [18F]FGln uptake in CIA showed a significant positive correlation with inflammation severity (r = 0.88, P = 0.009). The pathological findings confirmed profound inflammation in CIA.
Conclusions
[18F]FGln uptake was increased in both acute and chronic inflammation, and the uptake level was significantly correlated with the severity, suggesting its potential utility as a novel metabolic imaging marker for inflammation.
Suggested solutions to access to healthcare among persons with disability in Uganda: a qualitative study
Authors: Ssemata Andrew Sentoogo , Smythe Tracey , Sande Slivesteri , Menya Abdmagidu , Hameed Shaffa , Waiswa Peter , Mbazzi Femke Bannink , Kuper Hannah 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
There are 1.3 billion people with disabilities globally, and they frequently face barriers to accessing healthcare, contributing to their worse health and higher mortality. However, little research has explored patient-reported approaches to improve healthcare for persons with disabilities. Consequently, this study aimed to explore possible solutions and recommendations to address the existing barriers to access to healthcare for persons with disabilities in rural Uganda.
Methods
We conducted 27 semi-structured interviews with individuals with various disabilities in rural Luuka district, Eastern Uganda, between September and November 2022. The participants included individuals with visual impairment (n = 5), physical impairment (n = 5), hearing impairment (n = 6), multiple impairments (n = 5), intellectual/cognitive impairment (n = 5), and albinism (n = 1). Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and thematically analysed. We categorized the solutions using the Missing Billion disability-inclusive health systems framework.
Results
Our findings, framed within the health systems framework, revealed several critical themes. On the demand side, suggested solutions emphasized advocacy and sensitization for persons with disabilities, their communities, and caregivers about healthcare needs. Socio-economic empowerment and community-based health services were also highlighted as essential. On the supply side, participants stressed the importance of training healthcare workers on disability, facilitating dialogue and experience-sharing sessions, and employing health workers with disabilities. Additional recommendations included improving accessibility and reasonable accommodation, organizing inclusive services like special clinic days and outreaches, ensuring representation in health facility management, and establishing comprehensive rehabilitation services with affordable assistive devices.
Conclusion
The multifaceted solutions proposed by persons with disabilities highlight the complex challenges they face in accessing healthcare services and highlight the necessity for comprehensive, sustainable interventions. The call to action for policymakers and healthcare providers is to prioritise the incorporation of disability-inclusive practices and explore multi-dimensional approaches that foster a more inclusive healthcare environment that adequately meets the needs of persons with disabilities.
Personal Well-Being and National Determinants of Screening Mammography Among Women Over Fifty
Authors: Hovav Boaz , Brammli-Greenberg Shuli 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
- Over 1.5 million cancer deaths among women could be avoided annually by primary prevention measures such as screening mammography (SM). SM utilization varies across countries, and little research attempted to explain why. The objective of the study is to understand the individual and country-level variables that determine SM utilization and variation across countries.
Methods
- Three multilevel models are used to analyze the data from the SHARE database for 26,672 women aged 50 or over from 27 countries. The key individual variables investigated are the CASP quality-of-life (QOL) index, the EURO-D depression index, and the Subjective-Health index. Government health expenditure (GHE), measured as a percentage of GDP, was used as the country-level variable.
Results
– SM utilization varied from 5–67% in the countries examined. On the individual level, higher QOL, psychological status, and health status are positively correlated with SM utilization while on the country level, GHE is positively correlated with SM utilization. Surprisingly, the interaction between individual and country-level variables shows that while SM utilization positively correlates with higher psychological status and health status in high-GHE countries, there is a negative correlation in low-GHE countries and only a weak positive correlation in mid-level GHE countries.
Conclusions
– The study is the first to show that the association between enhanced physical and psychological well-being and SM utilization varies across countries according to GHE. The existence of negative correlations in low-GHE countries and positive correlations in high-GHE countries underscores the disparities that need to be addressed.