bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cp*–‐Ruthenium–Nickel‐Based H2‐Evolving Electrocatalysts as Bio‐inspired Models of NiFe Hydrogenases
Authors: Canaguier Sigolène , Fontecave Marc , Artero Vincent 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThree dinuclear nickel–ruthenium complexes [Ni(xbsms)RuCp*(L)](PF6) [H2xbsms = 1,2‐bis(4‐mercapto‐3,3‐dimethyl‐2‐thiabutyl)benzene; Cp* = pentamethylcyclopentadienyl; L = CH3CN, CO and O2] are reported that act as bio‐inspired mimics of NiFe hydrogenases. Because of an increased electron density at the metal centres in comparison with the previously described [Ni(xbsms)RuCp(L)](PF6) (Cp = cyclopentadienyl) analogues, these compounds catalyze the evolution of hydrogen from Et3NH+ in DMF with an overpotential reduced by around 50 mV, thereby corroborating a previously established structure–function relationship [Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 2007, 18, 2613–2626; Chem. Eur. J. 2009, 15, 9350–9364]. In addition, the steric protection provided by the bulky Cp*– ligand results in an increased catalytic rate and stability upon cycling.
Oxepinamides: Novel Liver X Receptor Agonists from Aspergillus puniceus
Authors: Lu Xin‐Hua , Shi Qing‐Wen , Zheng Zhi‐Hui , Ke Ai‐Bing , Zhang Hua , Huo Chang‐Hong , Ma Ying , Ren Xiao , Li Ye‐Ying , Lin Jie , Jiang Qin , Gu Yu‐Cheng , Kiyota Hiromasa 
Published: December 2010

AbstractFour novel oxepin‐containing pyrimidines, namely oxepinamides D–G (1–4), were isolated from cultures of Aspergillus puniceus F02Z‐1744. The structures of 1–4 were elucidated by analyzing their spectroscopic data generated by 1D and 2D NMR and MS methods. The configurations of 1 and 2 were established based on single‐crystal X‐ray crystallographic analysis. All four compounds 1–4 showed transcriptional activation on Liver X Receptor α (LXRα) with EC50 values of 10.6, 12.8, 13.6, and 12.1 μM, respectively.
Construction of the 5,10b‐Phenanthridine Skeleton Using [3+2]‐Cycloaddition of a Non‐Stabilized Azomethine Ylide: Total Synthesis of (±)‐Maritidine and (±)‐Crinine Alkaloids
Authors: Pandey Ganesh , Gupta Nishant R. , Gadre Smita R. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractVicinal quaternary and tertiary stereocenters of the 5,10b‐phenanthridine skeleton 1 are constructed simultaneously in one step by the [3+2]‐cycloaddition of non‐stabilized azomethine ylide 9, generated by sequential double desilylation of 10 utilizing silver(I) fluoride as a one‐electron oxidant. The regio‐ as well as stereochemical origin of this cycloaddition reaction is explained through a favorable transition state 9″. The strategy is successfully applied for the total synthesis of the biologically active alkaloids (±)‐maritidine (1a), (±)‐crinine (1b), and their analogues (1d, 1e, and 1f).
Acid‐Catalyzed [3,3] Sigmatropic Rearrangement of N‐Cbz‐Diaryl Hydrazide for the Synthesis of Mono‐N‐Cbz‐1,1′‐biaryl‐2,2′‐diamine
Authors: Suh Sung‐Eun , Park In‐Keol , Lim Byeong‐Yun , Cho Cheon‐Gyu 
Published: December 2010

AbstractN‐Cbz‐Diaryl hydrazides undergo acid‐catalyzed [3,3] sigmatropic rearrangement to afford N‐Cbz‐1,1′‐biaryl‐2,2′‐diamines. The resultant products can be versatile synthetic platforms for a wide variety of C2‐ and/or nonsymmetric axially chiral ligands and organocatalysts.
Chemical Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Second‐Generation Palmerolide A Analogues
Authors: Ravu Vengala Rao , Leung Gulice Y. C. , Lim Chek Shik , Ng Sin Yee , Sum Rong Ji , Chen David Y.‐K. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractIn this communication, second‐generation analogues of palmerolide A, a recently reported cytotoxic agent against melanoma cancer cells, were rationally designed, synthesized, and biologically evaluated. Structural variations of the enamide side chain and the C1–C8 segment of palmerolide A revealed a narrow structure–activity relationship window of the newly synthesized compounds. In addition, mechanistic and pharmacological studies were performed to assess the therapeutic potential of palmerolide A.
Hsp72 is an early and sensitive biomarker to detect acute kidney injury
Authors: Barrera‐Chimal Jonatan , Pérez‐Villalva Rosalba , Cortés‐González Cesar , Ojeda‐Cervantes Marcos , Gamba Gerardo , Morales‐Buenrostro Luis E. , Bobadilla Norma A. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThis study was designed to assess whether heat shock protein Hsp72 is an early and sensitive biomarker of acute kidney injury (AKI) as well as to monitor a renoprotective strategy. Seventy‐two Wistar rats were divided into six groups: sham‐operated and rats subjected to 10, 20, 30, 45 and 60 min of bilateral ischemia (I) and 24 h of reperfusion (R). Different times of reperfusion (3, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 h) were also evaluated in 30 other rats subjected to 30 min of ischemia. Hsp72 messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels were determined in both kidney and urine. Hsp72‐specificity as a biomarker to assess the success of a renoprotective intervention was evaluated in rats treated with different doses of spironolactone before I/R. Renal Hsp72 mRNA and protein, as well as urinary Hsp72 levels, gradually increased relative to the extent of renal injury induced by different periods of ischemia quantified by histomorphometry as a benchmark of kidney damage. Urinary Hsp72 increased significantly after 3 h and continued rising until 18 h, followed by restoration after 120 h of reperfusion in accord with histopathological findings. Spironolactone renoprotection was associated with normalization of urinary Hsp72 levels. Accordingly, urinary Hsp72 was significantly increased in patients with clinical AKI before serum creatinine elevation. Our results show that urinary Hsp72 is a useful biomarker for early detection and stratification of AKI. In addition, urinary Hsp72 levels are sensitive enough to monitor therapeutic interventions and the degree of tubular recovery following an I/R insult.
Absorptivity and its dependence on heat source temperature and degree of thermal breakdown
Authors: Försth Michael , Roos Arne 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe spectral absorptivity of 62 products has been measured in the wavelength region of 0.3–20 µm. Effective absorptivity for fire‐induced heat radiation typically lies in the range of 0.75–0.95. It was found that the effective absorptivity varies significantly with the temperature of the heat source. This has implications on the heating of a surface. The effect is more important when the absorptivity is used as input for calculations of ignition temperature and thermal inertia. It was also found that the absorptivity of radiation from fires for products exposed to irradiation in many cases decreased with increased exposure time. This is surprising since, for example, wood that is darkened when exposed to heat obviously has a higher absorptivity in the visual part of the spectrum than fresh non‐darkened wood. The reason that was identified for this is because the absorptivity in the IR drops, and measurement results are given which clearly illustrate this. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A FE‐based algorithm for the inverse natural convection problem
Authors: Wong J. C.‐F. , Yuan P. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractSeveral numerical algorithms for solving inverse natural convection problems are revisited and studied. Our aim is to identify the unknown strength of a time‐varying heat source via a set of coupled nonlinear partial differential equations obtained by the so‐called finite element consistent splitting scheme (CSS) in order to get a good approximation of the unknown heat source from both the measured data and model results, by minimizing a functional that measures discrepancies between model and measured data. Viewed as an optimization problem, the solutions are obtained by means of the conjugate gradient method. A second‐order CSS in time involving the direct problem, the adjoint problem, the sensitivity problem and a system of sensitivity functions is used in order to enhance the numerical accuracy obtained for the unknown heat source function. A spatial discretization of all field equations is implemented using equal‐order and mixed finite element methods. Numerical experiments validate the proposed optimization algorithms that are in good agreement with the existing results. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Deep shelf trilobite biofacies from the upper Katian (Upper Ordovician) of the Grangegeeth Terrane, eastern Ireland
Authors: Owen Alan W. , Romano Michael 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe trilobite fauna of the upper Katian (mid‐Ashgill in terms of Anglo‐Welsh chronostratigraphy) Oriel Brook Formation in the Grangegeeth Terrane, eastern Ireland comprises 16 species. It is dominated numerically by mesopelagic cyclopygids (Cyclopyge cf. marginata Hawle and Corda and much rarer Symphysops sp.), which comprise 63% of the 156 identifiable sclerites known unequivocally from the formation. Other elements of the trilobite fauna include species of Staurocephalus, Phillipsinella, Nankinolithus and the agnostids Trinodus and Sphaeragnostus. The abundance of cyclopygids in a terrane interpreted as lying within the Iapetus Ocean closer to Laurentia than the Anglo‐Welsh sector of Avalonia is consistent with the Late Katian spread of cyclopygids onto low latitude shelves seen in Quebec and Maine in eastern North America, Girvan in SE Scotland and Co. Clare in the Irish Central Terrane. With the exception of the agnostid trilobites, whose mode of life is strongly debated, associated benthic trilobites lacking eyes are fairly rare and the bottom‐dwelling fauna does not conform to the atheloptic assemblages that typified many mid‐ to high latitude Ordovician outer shelf and upper slope settings. The benthic assemblage can be considered in terms of a bathymetrically arranged spectrum of faunas and is closest to that of the deep shelf Phillipsinella parabola—Staurocephalus clavifrons fauna, known from the Upper Ordovician of Avalonia and Baltica and to some extent marginal Gondwana and South China. This is the first record of such a fauna from Laurentia or its marginal terranes and reflects the Late Ordovician breakdown of provincialism in the Iapetus Ocean. The deep‐water setting is compatible with that of the associated Foliomena brachiopod fauna. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Overexpression of Cholesterol 7α-Hydroxylase Promotes Hepatic Bile Acid Synthesis and Secretion and Maintains Cholesterol Homeostasis Δ
Authors: Li Tiangang , Matozel Michelle , Boehme Shannon , Kong Bo , Nilsson Lisa-Mari , Guo Grace , Ellis Ewa , Chiang John Y. L. 
Published: December 2010

Abstract

We reported previously that mice overexpressing cytochrome P450 7a1 (Cyp7a1;

Cyp7a1-tg

mice) are protected against high fat diet–induced hypercholesterolemia, obesity, and insulin resistance. Here, we investigated the underlying mechanism of bile acid signaling in maintaining cholesterol homeostasis in

Cyp7a1-tg

mice.

Cyp7a1-tg

mice had two-fold higher Cyp7a1 activity and bile acid pool than did wild-type mice. Gallbladder bile acid composition changed from predominantly cholic acid (57%) in wild-type to chenodeoxycholic acid (54%) in

Cyp7a1-tg

mice.

Cyp7a1-tg

mice had higher biliary and fecal cholesterol and bile acid secretion rates than did wild-type mice. Surprisingly, hepatic

de novo

cholesterol synthesis was markedly induced in

Cyp7a1-tg

mice but intestine fractional cholesterol absorption in

Cyp7a1-tg

mice remained the same as wild-type mice despite the presence of increased intestine bile acids. Interestingly, hepatic but not intestinal expression of several cholesterol (adenosine triphosphate–binding cassette G5/G8 [ABCG5/G8], scavenger receptor class B, member 1) and bile acid (ABCB11) transporters were significantly induced in

Cyp7a1-tg

mice. Treatment of mouse or human hepatocytes with a farnesoid X receptor (FXR) agonist GW4064 or bile acids induced hepatic Abcg5/g8 expression. A functional FXR binding site was identified in the

Abcg5

gene promoter. Study of tissue-specific

Fxr

knockout mice demonstrated that loss of the

Fxr
, gene in the liver attenuated bile acid induction of hepatic Abcg5/g8 and gallbladder cholesterol content, suggesting a role of FXR in the regulation of cholesterol transport.

Conclusion:

This study revealed a new mechanism by which increased Cyp7a1 activity expands the hydrophobic bile acid pool, stimulating hepatic cholesterol synthesis and biliary cholesterol secretion without increasing intestinal cholesterol absorption. This study demonstrated that Cyp7a1 plays a critical role in maintaining cholesterol homeostasis and underscores the importance of bile acid signaling in regulating overall cholesterol homeostasis. (Hepatology 2011)
Loss of Histone Acetyltransferase Cofactor Transformation/Transcription Domain-Associated Protein Impairs Liver Regeneration After Toxic Injury σ
Authors: Shukla Vivek , Cuenin Cyrille , Dubey Nileshkumar , Herceg Zdenko 
Published: December 2010

Abstract

Organ regeneration after toxin challenge or physical injury requires a prompt and balanced cell-proliferative response; a well-orchestrated cascade of gene expression is needed to regulate transcription factors and proteins involved in cell cycle progression and cell proliferation. After liver injury, cell cycle entry and progression of hepatocytes are believed to require concerted efforts of transcription factors and histone-modifying activities; however, the actual underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. The purpose of our study was to investigate the role of the histone acetyltransferase (HAT) cofactor transformation/transcription domain-associated protein (TRRAP) and histone acetylation in the regulation of cell cycle and liver regeneration. To accomplish our purpose, we used a TRRAP conditional knockout mouse model combined with toxin-induced hepatic injury. After we treated the mice with a carbon tetrachloride toxin, conditional ablation of the TRRAP gene in those mice severely impaired liver regeneration and compromised cell cycle entry and progression of hepatocytes. Furthermore, loss of TRRAP impaired the induction of early and late cyclins in regenerating livers by compromising histone acetylation and transcription factor binding at the promoters of the cyclin genes. Our results demonstrate that TRRAP and TRRAP/HAT-mediated acetylation play an important role in liver regeneration after toxic injury and provide insight into the mechanism by which TRRAP/HATs orchestrate the expression of the cyclin genes during cell cycle entry and progression. (Hepatology 2011)
Transforming growth factor-β adaptor, β2-spectrin, modulates cyclin dependent kinase 4 to reduce development of hepatocellular cancer
Authors: Baek Hye Jung , Pishvaian Michael J. , Tang Yi , Kim Tae Hyun , Yang Shaoxian , Zouhairi Majed El , Mendelson Jon , Shetty Kirti , Kallakury Bhaskar , Berry Deborah L. , Shin Kyung Hwan , Mishra Bibhuti , Reddy Premkumar E. , Kim Sang Soo , Mishra Lopa 
Published: December 2010

Abstract

Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is an important regulator of cell growth, and loss of TGF-β signaling is a hallmark of carcinogenesis. The Smad3/4 adaptor protein β2-spectrin (β2SP) is emerging as a potent regulator of tumorigenesis through its ability to modulate the tumor suppressor function of TGF-β. However, to date the role of the TGF-β signaling pathway at specific stages of the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), particularly in relation to the activation of other oncogenic pathways, remains poorly delineated. Here we identify a mechanism by which β2SP, a crucial Smad3 adaptor, modulates cyclin dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), cell cycle progression, and suppression of HCC. Increased expression of β2SP inhibits phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma gene product (Rb) and markedly reduces CDK4 expression to a far greater extent than other CDKs and cyclins. Furthermore, suppression of CDK4 by β2SP efficiently restores Rb hypophosphorylation and cell cycle arrest in G1. We further demonstrate that β2SP interacts with CDK4 and Smad3 in a competitive and TGF-β-dependent manner. In addition, haploinsufficiency of

cdk4

in

β2sp+/−

mice results in a dramatic decline in HCC formation compared to that observed in

β2spZ+/−

mice.

Conclusion

: β2SP deficiency leads to CDK4 activation and contributes to dysregulation of the cell cycle, cellular proliferation, oncogene overexpression, and the formation of HCCs. Our data highlight CDK4 as an attractive target for the pharmacologic inhibition of HCC and demonstrate the importance of

β2sp+/−

mice as a model of preclinical efficacy in the treatment of HCC. (Hepatology 2011;)
Yes, the choice of performance measure does matter for ranking of us mutual funds
Authors: Ornelas José Renato Haas , Silva Júnior Antônio Francisco , Fernandes José Luiz Barros 
Published: December 2010

ABSTRACTRecent literature in performance evaluation has focused on preferences and characteristics of returns' distribution that go beyond mean and variance world. However, Eling (2008) compared the Sharpe ratio with some of these performance measures, and found virtually identical rank ordering using mutual fund data. This paper compares 13 performance measures with the traditional Sharpe Ratio using a sample of US Fixed‐Income, Equity and Asset Allocation Mutual Funds. Results show that performance measures based on absolute reward‐risk ratios have similar rankings, when the numerator (mean excess return) is the same. However, when we move to other types of performances measures, results may be significantly different. This is the case of the Manipulation‐Proof Performance Measure (MPPM), Upside Potential Ratio, and Appraisal Ratio. Results are especially different for the MPPM. Robustness checks show that some of the performance measures are very sensitive to parameters' changes. Therefore, the choice of the performance measure is actually important for mutual fund ranking and selection. As a consequence, we argue that the use of several performance measures and rankings have a positive impact on the mutual fund's industry, reducing concentration. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Discharge‐based economic valuation of irrigation water: Evidence from the Teesta River, Bangladesh
Authors: Mullick Md. Reaz Akter , Babel Mukand S , Perret Sylvain R 
Published: December 2010

ABSTRACTStudies estimating the value of irrigation water as a function of river discharge are rarely found in the literature; however, discharge‐based valuation carries significance when the in‐ and off‐stream uses are evaluated for optimal water allocation. This paper develops the total and marginal benefit functions of the key off‐stream water use, irrigation, as a function of flow in the Teesta River of Bangladesh. The field water balance approach and CROPWAT modelling are used to calculate irrigation water requirements for rice and other crops respectively. The residual imputation method is employed to estimate the value of irrigation water. In the cases of insufficient flow in the river, several scenarios based on (i) conjunctive uses of groundwater, (ii) reduction in irrigated land area and (iii) yield loss due to water stress, form the basis for establishing the total and marginal benefit functions for river water use in irrigation in the study area. Estimated marginal benefits as a function of river discharge are found to be linear with zero slopes for the first two scenarios and sloping downward for the third. Results of the study will assist water planners and managers with equitable and efficient allocation and sustainable management of the river water. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Biases in approximating log production
Authors: Sun Kai , Henderson Daniel J. , Kumbhakar Subal C. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractMost empirical work in economic growth assumes either a Cobb–Douglas production function expressed in logs or a log‐approximated constant elasticity of substitution specification. Estimates from each are likely biased due to logging the model and the latter can also suffer from approximation bias. We illustrate this with a successful replication of Masanjala and Papagerogiou (The Solow model with CES technology: nonlinearities and parameter heterogeneity, Journal of Applied Econometrics 2004; 19: 171–201) and then estimate both models in levels to avoid these biases. Our estimation in levels gives results in line with conventional wisdom. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dynamic microvascular responses with a high speed TiVi imaging system
Authors: O'Doherty Jim , McNamara Paul M. , Fitzgerald Barry W. , Leahy Martin J. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractTiVi technology presents a high resolution, low speed methodology for imaging microcirculation. Recently, the TiVi system was adapted to produce a high speed system capable of analysing dynamic responses from human tissues at a frame rate of 30 frames per second. We present results based on this system by investigating dynamic responses such as arterial pulsations both from a controlled flow model and in vivo tissue sites. We also quantify the effects of sympathetic vasomotion, a biological effect which is evident in many tissue sites, and show that the effects of arterial pulsations and vasomotion on the resulting TiVi time traces are easily determined. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Current performance gains from utilizing the GPU or the ASIC MDGRAPE‐3 within an enhanced Poisson Boltzmann approach
Authors: Narumi Tetsu , Yasuoka Kenji , Taiji Makoto , Höfinger Siegfried 
Published: December 2010

AbstractScientific applications do frequently suffer from limited compute performance. In this article, we investigate the suitability of specialized computer chips to overcome this limitation. An enhanced Poisson Boltzmann program is ported to the graphics processing unit and the application specific integrated circuit MDGRAPE‐3 and resulting execution times are compared to the conventional performance obtained on a modern central processing unit. Speed Up factors are measured and an analysis of numerical accuracy is provided. On both specialized architectures the improvement is increasing with problem size and reaches up to a Speed Up factor of 39 × for the largest problem studied. This type of alternative high performance computing can significantly improve the performance of demanding scientific applications. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2009
Analysis of p53 and NF‐κB signaling in modulating the cardiomyocyte fate during hypertrophy
Authors: Chatterjee Arunachal , Mir Saiful A. , Dutta Dipanjan , Mitra Arkadeep , Pathak Kanchan , Sarkar Sagartirtha 
Published: December 2010

AbstractCardiac hypertrophy leading to eventual heart failure is the most common cause of mortality throughout the world. The triggering mechanisms for cardiac hypertrophy are not clear but both apoptosis and cell proliferation have been reported in sections of failing hearts. In this study, we utilized both angiotensin II (AngII) treatment of cardiomyocytes and aortic ligation in rats (Rattus norvegicus, Wistar strain) for induction of hypertrophy to understand the cellular factors responsible for activation of apoptotic or anti‐apoptotic pathway. Hypertrophy markers (ANF, β‐MHC), apoptotic proteins (Bax, Bad, Fas, p53, caspase‐3, PARP), and anti‐apoptotic or cell proliferation marker proteins (Bcl2, NF‐κB, Ki‐67) were induced significantly during hypertrophy, both in vitro as well as in vivo. Co‐localization of both active caspase‐3 and Ki‐67 was observed in hypertrophied myocytes. p53 and NF‐κBp65 binding to co‐activator p300 was also increased in AngII treated myocytes. Inhibition of p53 resulted in downregulation of apoptosis, NF‐κB activation, and NF‐κB–p300 binding; however, NF‐κB inhibition did not inhibit apoptosis or p53–p300 binding. Blocking of either p53 or NF‐κB by specific inhibitors resulted in decrease in cell proliferation and hypertrophy markers, suggesting that p53 initially binds to p300 and then this complex recruits NF‐κB. Thus, these results indicate the crucial role of p53 in regulating both apoptotic and cell proliferation during hypertrophy. J. Cell. Physiol. 226: 2543–2554, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.