bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Continuous measurement of spectrophotometric absorbance in peatland streamwater in northern England: implications for understanding fluvial carbon fluxes
Authors: Grayson Richard , Holden Joseph 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBog systems tend to have a flashy hydrological regime with low baseflows and rapid and high storm peaks. Water derived from peatlands often contains significant amounts of organic humic and fulvic materials which form the largest fraction of the dissolved organic carbon component of the fluvial carbon flux. However, most estimates of dissolved organic carbon flux from peatlands are based on sampling that is infrequent and which may miss the periods of high flux during storm events. In order to better characterize the behaviour and fluxes of fluvial carbon it is necessary to operate more frequent sampling. This paper presents data from a continuously operating field‐based spectrophotometer simultaneously measuring absorbance across 200–730 nm at 2·5 nm intervals in runoff from an upland peatland stream. It is shown that absorbance at different wavelengths that have previously been used to characterize dissolved organic carbon varies rapidly during storm events. The probe is shown to even detect changes in absorbance characteristics in response to rainfall events before the stream discharge starts to rise. The high‐resolution behaviour of absorbance characteristics during storm events is different depending on the wavelength studied. Thus, the choice of wavelength used as a proxy for dissolved organic carbon needs careful attention and it may be that automated spectrophotometric methods which provide rich time‐series data from across the spectrum can tell us more about fluxes, processes and sources of aquatic carbon in peatland systems in the future than traditional practices have hitherto allowed. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
EFFECTS OF SEASONAL WATER USE AND APPLIED N FERTILIZER ON WHEAT WATER PRODUCTIVITY INDICES
Authors: Montazar Aliasghar , Azadegan Behzad 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTA field experiment was conducted for three growing seasons to study the effects of seasonal water use and applied N fertilizer on grain yield and water productivity indices of wheat in an arid region. The results revealed that the yield response to N was associated with water application levels. The water productivity indices were influenced by irrigation strategies, and deficit irrigation effectively boosted productivity of irrigation water (WPI). The highest WPI was obtained at a seasonal irrigation water of 156 mm for different levels of applied nitrogen. For levels of applications 70% of the required nitrogen, required nitrogen, and 120% of the required nitrogen, WPI ranged between 0.93 and 2.28, 1.30 and 2.75, and 0.98 and 2.47 kg m−3, respectively. The data generated here indicate that maximum water productivity (WPE) would be achieved when 98 kg N ha−1 is combined with 156 mm of supplemental irrigation (2.72 kg m−3). Consequently, when limited irrigation water is combined with N fertilizer appropriate management, water productivity can be substantially and consistently increased in arid regions. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Decellularized extracellular matrix derived from human adipose tissue as a potential scaffold for allograft tissue engineering
Authors: Choi Ji Suk , Kim Beob Soo , Kim Jun Young , Kim Jae Dong , Choi Young Chan , Yang Hyun‐Jin , Park Kinam , Lee Hee Young , Cho Yong Woo 
Published: March 2011

AbstractDecellularized tissues composed of extracellular matrix (ECM) have been clinically used to support the regeneration of various human tissues and organs. Most decellularized tissues so far have been derived from animals or cadavers. Therefore, despite the many advantages of decellularized tissue, there are concerns about the potential for immunogenicity and the possible presence of infectious agents. Herein, we present a biomaterial composed of ECM derived from human adipose tissue, the most prevalent, expendable, and safely harvested tissue in the human body. The ECM was extracted by successive physical, chemical, and enzymatic treatments of human adipose tissue isolated by liposuction. Cellular components including nucleic acids were effectively removed without significant disruption of the morphology or structure of the ECM. Major ECM components were quantified, including acid/pepsin‐soluble collagen, sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG), and soluble elastin. In an in vivo experiment using mice, the decellularized ECM graft exhibited good compatibility to surrounding tissues. Overall results suggest that the decellularized ECM containing biological and chemical cues of native human ECM could be an ideal scaffold material not only for autologous but also for allograft tissue engineering. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2011.
Fabrication, characterization, and biological assessment of multilayer DNA coatings on sandblasted‐dual acid etched titanium surface
Authors: Liu Li , Song Li‐Na , Yang Guo‐Li , Zhao Shi‐Fang , He Fu‐Ming 
Published: March 2011

AbstractAs local gene therapy has received attention, immobilizing functional gene onto irregular oral implant surface has become an advanced challenge. Electrostatic layer‐by‐layer (LBL) assembly technique could achieve this goal and allow local and efficient administration of genes to the target cells. In this study, multilayers of cationic lipid/plasmid DNA (pEGFP‐C1) complex (LDc) and anionic hyaluronic acid were assembled onto sandblasted‐dual acid etched titanium disks by the LBL technique. Surface characteristics of the coatings were performed by x‐ray photospectroscopy (XPS), contact angle measurements, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The cell biological characteristics of the coatings were evaluated by in vitro experiments. SEM results demonstrated that the porous titanium surface was gradually flattened with the increase of the multilayer. The XPS survey indicated that the N element was found from the coating. The coating degradation and pEGFP‐C1 releasing kinetics showed that the more assembled layer numbers were, the larger the amount of DNA released in the first 30 h. MC3T3‐E1 cells were cultured directly on the DNA‐loaded surface. Higher enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) expression efficiency was achieved by increasing the number of layers when cells were cultured after 24 or 72 h. The MC3T3‐E1 cell viability on the surface of multilayer DNA coatings was significantly higher than that on control porous titanium surface. It was concluded that the approach established by the LBL technique had great potential in immobilizing gene coatings onto the porous titanium surface and subsequently influenced the function of the cultured cell. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2011.
Short duration gluteraldehyde cross linking of decellularized bovine pericardium improves biological response
Authors: Umashankar P. R. , Arun T. , Kumari T. V. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractGluteraldehyde stabilized bovine pericardium is used for clinical application since 1970s because of its desirable features such as less immunogenicity and acceptable durability. However, a propensity for calcification and long term implant failure is reported because of gluteraldehyde treatment. There is also failure of implant to integrate into host tissue because of its resistance to tissue remodeling. Decellularized bovine pericardium, a potential alternative allows tissue remodeling but it has problems such as immunogenicity and chronic inflammatory response. In this study, decellularized bovine pericardium was subjected to short duration, low concentration gluteraldehyde cross‐linking at two levels and its biological response (both in vitro and in vivo) was compared with un‐crosslinked decellularized bovine pericardium and fully crosslinked normal bovine pericardium. It was observed that both un‐crosslinked and partially crosslinked decellularized bovine pericardium to be non‐cytotoxic and it caused significantly less inflammatory cytokine release such as TNF alpha and IL1beta from activated macrophages. Among all groups, short duration 0.2% Gluteraldehyde treated decellularized bovine pericardium showed significantly less antibody response and inflammatory response compared to un‐crosslinked decellularized pericardium, short duration 0.6% gluteraldehyde treated decellularized bovine pericardium or completely cross linked bovine pericardium in juvenile rat subcutaneous implantation model. Moreover, short duration 0.2% gluteraldehyde crosslinked decellularized bovine pericardium showed minimum calcification, better host fibroblast incorporation, new collagen deposition and angiogenesis within the implant. These attributes may finally lead to better implant remodeling and sustained implant function during clinical use. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2011.
Effect of alendronate and vitamin D3 on fractional calcium absorption in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in postmenopausal osteoporotic women
Authors: Shapses Sue A , Kendler David L , Robson Richard , Hansen Karen E , Sherrell Robert M , Field M Paul , Woolf Eric , Berd Yulia , Mantz Ann Marie , Santora Arthur C 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Menopause and increasing age are associated with a decrease in calcium absorption that can contribute to the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. We hypothesized that alendronate plus vitamin D3 (ALN + D) would increase fractional calcium absorption (FCA). In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter clinical trial, 56 postmenopausal women with 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations of 25 ng/mL or less and low bone mineral density (BMD) received 5 weekly doses of placebo or alendronate 70 mg plus vitamin D3 2800 IU (ALN + D). Calcium intake was stabilized to approximately 1200 mg/d prior to randomization. FCA was determined using a dual-tracer stable-calcium isotope method. FCA and 25(OH)D were similar between treatment groups at baseline (0.31 ± 0.12 ng/mL and 19.8 ± 4.7 ng/mL, respectively). After 1 month of treatment, subjects randomized to ALN + D experienced a significant least squares (LS) mean [95% confidence interval (CI)] increase in FCA [0.070 (0.042, 0.098)], whereas FCA did not change significantly in the placebo group [−0.016 (−0.044, 0.012)]. After ALN + D treatment, patients had higher 25(OH)D levels (LS mean difference 7.3 ng/mL, p &lt; .001). The rise in serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (p &lt; .02) and parathyroid hormone (p &lt; .001) were greater in the ALN + D group than in placebo-treated patients. ALN + D was associated with an increase in FCA of 0.07. To our knowledge, there is no other trial showing such a marked rise in calcium absorption owing to treatment with a bisphosphonate or owing to a small rise in 25(OH)D. This unique response of ALN + D is important for the treatment of osteoporosis, but the exact mechanism requires further study. © 2011 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
Insight among psychotic patients with auditory hallucinations
Authors: Lera Guillem , Herrero Neus , González Jose , Aguilar Eduardo , Sanjuán Julio , Leal Carmen 
Published: March 2011

AbstractPoor insight in psychosis has been described as a seeming lack of awareness of the deficits, consequences of the disorder, and of the need for treatment. The aim of this study is to investigate whether patients with auditory hallucinations have less insight than those without hallucinations, and to determine which hallucination characteristics are related to patient insight. Using the PANSS and PSYRATS, the authors have evaluated the lack of insight data corresponding to 168 psychotic patients divided into three groups: patients with a history of nonpersistent hallucinations, patients with persistent hallucinations, and patients without hallucinations. Patients with persistent hallucinations showed significantly less insight than patients without persistent hallucinations and patients without hallucinations, the farther away the hallucination is located, the greater the lack of patient insight. Patients who hear the hallucination inside their head rather than outside show better insight, possibly because such patients can understand the voice as being created by their own mind. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 67:701–708, 2011.
Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway and thioredoxin‐interacting protein (TXNIP) mediate the “glucose sensor” mechanism in metastatic breast cancer‐derived cells MDA‐MB‐231
Authors: Vaira Sergio , Friday Ellen , Scott Keith , Conrad Steven , Turturro Francesco 
Published: March 2011

AbstractIn this study we investigated the effect of glucose on GSK3β and β‐catenin expression and the involvement of the N‐linked glycosylation and hexosamine pathways in the Wnt canonical pathway in response to in vitro conditions resembling normoglycemia (5 mmol) and hyperglycemia (20 mmol) in the metastatic breast cancer‐derived cell line MDA‐MB‐231. We also investigated the relationship between this circuitry and the thioredoxin‐interacting protein (TXNIP) regulation that seems to be related. MDA‐MB‐231 cells were grown either in 5 or 20 mM glucose chronically prior to plating. For glucose shift (5/20), cells were plated in 5 mM glucose and shifted to 20 mM at time 0. Both protein and mRNA levels for GSK3β but only the protein expression for β‐catenin, were increased in response to high glucose. Furthermore, we assessed the response of GSK3β, β‐catenin, and TXNIP to inhibition of the N‐linked glycosylation, hexosamine, and Wnt pathways. Wnt signaling pathway activation was validated by specific reporter assay. We show that high levels of glucose regulate mRNA and protein expression of GSK3β, and consequently higher levels of activated β‐catenin protein, which locates to the nucleus and is associated with increased levels of cyclin D1 expression. This event coincides with increased level of N‐terminal Ser 9 phosphorylation of GSK3β protein. The inhibition of both the hexosamine pathway and N‐linked glycosylation along with Wnt signaling pathway by sFRP1 and DKK1 is associated with significant decrease of the protein levels of GSK3β, β‐catenin, and TXNIP RNA. Our work illuminates a novel and never described before function of this signaling pathway that relates glucose metabolism with redox regulation mechanism. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 578–586, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Modulation of the tumor cell death pathway by androgen receptor in response to cytotoxic stimuli
Authors: Frezza Michael , Yang Huanjie , Dou Q. Ping 
Published: March 2011

AbstractDespite an initial response from androgen deprivation therapy, most prostate cancer patients relapse to a hormone‐refractory state where tumors still remain dependent on androgen receptor (AR) function. We have previously shown that AR breakdown correlates with the induction of cancer cell apoptosis by proteasome inhibition. However, the involvement of AR in modulating the cell death pathway has remained elusive. To investigate this, we used an experimental model consisting of parental PC‐3 prostate cancer cells that lack AR expression and PC‐3 cells stably overexpressing wild type AR gene. Here, we report that both chemotherapeutic drugs (cisplatin) and proteasome inhibitors induced caspase‐3‐associated cell death in parental PC‐3 cells whereas non‐caspase‐3 associated cell death in PC3‐AR cells. The involvement of AR in modulating tumor cell death was further confirmed in PC‐3 cells transiently expressing AR. Consistently, treatment with the clinically used proteasome inhibitor Bortezomib (Velcade/PS‐341) of (AR+) LNCaP prostate cancer cells caused AR cleavage and cell death with low levels of caspase activation. However, co‐treatment with Bortezomib and the AR antagonist Bicalutamide (Casodex) caused significant decrease in AR expression associated with an increase in caspase‐3 activity in both LNCaP and PC3‐AR cells. Thus our results provide compelling evidence for involvement of AR in deciding types of tumor cell death upon cytotoxic stimuli, and specifically, blockade of AR activities could change necrosis to apoptosis in tumor cells. Our findings may help guide clinicians based on AR status in the design of favorable treatment strategies for prostate cancer patients. J. Cell. Physiol. 226: 2731–2739, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Regulation of reactive oxygen species in stem cells and cancer stem cells
Authors: Kobayashi Chiharu I. , Suda Toshio 
Published: March 2011

AbstractStem cells are defined by their ability to self‐renew and their multi‐potent differentiation capacity. As such, stem cells maintain tissue homeostasis throughout the life of a multicellular organism. Aerobic metabolism, while enabling efficient energy production, also generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), which damage cellular components. Until recently, the focus in stem cell biology has been on the adverse effects of ROS, particularly the damaging effects of ROS accumulation on tissue aging and the development of cancer, and various anti‐oxidative and anti‐stress mechanisms of stem cells have been characterized. However, it has become increasingly clear that, in some cases, redox status plays an important role in stem cell maintenance, i.e., regulation of the cell cycle. An active area of current research is redox regulation in various cancer stem cells, the malignant counterparts of normal stem cells that are viewed as good targets of cancer therapy. In contrast to cancer cells, in which ROS levels are increased, some cancer stem cells maintain low ROS levels, exhibiting redox patterns that are similar to the corresponding normal stem cell. To fully elucidate the mechanisms involved in stem cell maintenance and to effectively target cancer stem cells, it is essential to understand ROS regulatory mechanisms in these different cell types. Here, the mechanisms of redox regulation in normal stem cells, cancer cells, and cancer stem cells are reviewed. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 421–430, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Non‐dispersive absorption for CO2 capture: from the laboratory to industry
Authors: Luis Patricia , Van der Bruggen Bart , Van Gerven Tom 
Published: March 2011

AbstractResearch on capture and recovery of CO2 has become a critical topic in the development of technological answers to the greenhouse effect. Conventional industrial processes do not fit into the philosophy of process intensification in which a radically new approach should lead to environmentally friendly methods with minimal use of natural resources and production of secondary waste. Conventional processes involve the use of large amounts of toxic organic solvents, such as diethylamine, and large equipment (e.g. absorption columns). Although CO2 recovery began in industrial operation more than fifty years ago and, in spite of the clear potential for intensified processes demonstrated in the scientific literature, there is no real evidence that new processes for CO2 recovery will achieve industrial implementation in the short term. In this perspective, the main limitations of membrane systems based on non‐dispersive absorption using porous membranes are outlined, in order to identify the main challenges that still have to be solved to achieve an industrially attractive process for CO2 recovery. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
A novel Doppler spectral index for differentiating benign from malignant lung tumors
Authors: Wu Tsung‐Ju , Shiao Judith Shu‐Chu , Lu Jau‐Yeong 
Published: March 2011

AbstractPurpose:It has been reported that the resistance index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) are of limited value in differentiating lung cancers from benign lesions. We hypothesized that a vascular work index (VWI), derived from Doppler spectral waveforms, would yield better results.Methods:Forty‐one patients were enrolled, 20 of them having malignancies and 21 having benign lesions. The VWI was defined as the square of peak systolic velocity times the time‐velocity integral. Maximal VWI, minimal RI, and minimal PI of each tumor were used for analysis.Results:Significantly higher VWI values were found in malignant tumors compared with benign lesions (p < 0.0001). VWI was shown by analysis of the receiver operating characteristic curve to be a best predictor of lung malignancies than PI and RI (p < 0.05), with a 0.89 (95% confidence interval, 0.80–0.98) area under the receiver operating characteristic curve.Conclusions:VWI may be a useful index to help differentiate malignant from benign lung tumors. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 2011;
Infarction of lesser omental fat mimicking an exophytic pancreatic tumor by sonography
Authors: Kim Hyun Cheol , Yang Dal Mo , Jin Wook , Joh Jin Hyun 
Published: March 2011

AbstractWe report a case of infarction of lesser omental fat in a 30‐year‐old woman who presented with epigastric pain. Sonography revealed a painful echogenic mass in the epigastrium that could not be separated from the adjacent hyperechoic pancreas and mimicked an exophytic pancreatic tumor. On CT, the mass was identified as an inflammatory lipomatous mass in the lesser sac, leading to the diagnosis of infarction of lesser omental fat. The patient was successfully treated conservatively. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals,Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2011
Sonographic evaluation of the development of the fetal rectum and anal canal
Authors: Su Yi‐Ming , Ye Zhen , Chen Xiao‐Yu , Liu Xin‐Xiu , Chen Shu‐Qiang 
Published: March 2011

AbstractPurpose.To describe the sonographic (US) appearance of fetal anal canal and rectum and establish nomograms of their normal measurements.Methods.This was a prospective, cross‐sectional study of 524 healthy women (mean age, 27 years; range, 21–37 years) with normal singleton pregnancy between 18 and 40 weeks of gestational age (GA). High‐resolution transabdominal US was used to visualize and measure the normal fetal anal canal and rectum.Results.Satisfactory images and measurements of the fetal anal canal and rectum were obtained in 496 normal fetuses. The diameters of the normal anal canal and rectum were plotted as a function of GA in a sigmoid curve. The curve estimations were expressed by the following cubic regression equations with R2 of 0.87 and 0.88, respectively (p < 0.001): anal canal diameter (mm) = 18.272 − 2.151 × GA + 0.0095 × GA2 − 0.0011 × GA3, and rectal diameter (mm) = 18.545 − 2.543 × GA + 0.1237 × GA2 − 0.0016 × GA3.Conclusions.The fetal anal canal and rectum are visible sonographically between 18 and 40 weeks of GA. The knowledge of their normal US appearance and size from the second trimester of pregnancy onwards may help identify developmental anomalies. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2011
Nutcracker syndrome in a patient with a history of inferior vena cava ligation
Authors: Peker Ahmet , Yagmurlu Aydın , Ekim Mesiha , Gokcora Haluk , Fitoz Suat 
Published: March 2011

AbstractWe report the case of a child with clinical and radiological signs of nutcracker syndrome who had a history of inferior vena cava ligation during a previous surgery. He was referred for evaluation of abdominal pain and hematuria. Entrapment of the left renal vein between the superior mesenteric artery and the aorta with aneurysmal dilatation was detected on Doppler ultrasonography. Magnetic resonance angiography revealed paravertebral and epidural collateral vessels.© 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2011