bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of Initial Hemodialysis Access Surgery in an Asian Population
Authors: Thwaites Stephen E. , Robless Peter A. 
Published: March 2012

Purpose Access-related morbidity contributes substantially to the costs of hemodialysis. The aim of this study was to examine the outcomes of initial hemodialysis access surgery at a single center in Singapore and to analyze factors which might influence survival of the surgically-created access. Methods Patients undergoing their first hemodialysis access operations between January 2003 and December 2007 were retrospectively identified. Primary and assisted primary patency rates were determined by the Kaplan-Meier method. Data on age, sex, diabetic status, and prior tunneled central venous catheter (CVC) use were analyzed against the outcome of arteriovenous fistulas (AVF). Results During the study period, 410 primary upper limb access operations were performed: 297 forearm AVF (72.4%), 91 upper arm AVF (22.2%), and 22 arteriovenous grafts (AVG; 5.4%). Men comprised 55.4%, 271 (66.1%) had diabetes, and 316 patients (77.1%) came to surgery with pre-existing CVC. Sixty-two percent of forearm AVF and 67% of arm AVF were used successfully. Age, sex, diabetes, and prior use of a CVC did not significantly affect the ability to use an AVF. Only in the female diabetic subgroup was an earlier loss of primary assisted patency of AVF recorded. Conclusions In our Asian population, we have demonstrated AVF patency rates equivalent to those of international centers. We now face the challenge of achieving a higher rate of pre-emptive AVF placement with a subsequent reduction in CVC use.
Considering the Risks and Costs of Solid Organ Xenotransplantation
Authors: Krebs Catharine E. , McCarthy Janine , Sullivan Kristie , Craner James , Parent Brendan , Lam Ann 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe standard treatment for end‐stage organ failure is transplantation, but demand for organs has always vastly outstripped supply. Discussions are ongoing about the feasibility of addressing the organ shortage through measures like increasing organ donations, improving post‐transplant outcomes, and xenotransplantation. This paper examines the rationale, risks, and costs of xenotransplantation, such as xenozoonoses, creating a new form of industrialized animal farming, abandoning animal ethics principles, and the opportunity costs of investing finite research dollars in xenotransplantation instead of investing in more viable strategies. Alternative strategies that can ethically and effectively address the demand for heart, kidney, and other transplants are recommended: Improving disease prevention and management to reduce demand for transplant organs, improving transplantation methods, and systemic changes to donor policies and organ recovery methods to increase overall supply. Upon careful exploration of the full landscape of organ transplantation, it is considered whether these alternative strategies that do not impose the definite harms and significant risks of xenotransplantation are the most ethical and effective means to increase life‐saving options and improve clinical outcomes for patients in organ failure.
Improving Cyclability and Structural Stability of Co‐Free Layered Cathode by Controlling Porosity and Cracks in Secondary Particles for Low‐Cost and High‐Energy LIBs
Authors: Choi Myungeun , Lee Hee‐Beom , Lee Yongseok , Kweon Hyunji , Ahn Jinho , Ku Bonyoung , Lee Jihoe , Lee Sangyeop , Park Jiyoung , Kim Young‐Min , Kim Jongsoon 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe Co‐free Li[Ni0.75Mn0.25]O2 (NM7525) cathode offers the significant advantage of low production costs. However, it requires a high‐voltage charging process (≥4.5 V vs Li/Li⁺) to achieve the energy density level of high‐Ni Li[NixCoyMnz]O2 (x ≥ 0.8) cathodes, which leads to severe structural and morphological degradation in the secondary particles during prolonged cycling. Herein, it is demonstrated that the formation of a stable and homogeneous cathode‐electrolyte interface (CEI) can effectively suppress large porosity and crack propagation in the secondary particles of the NM7525 cathode, as well as undesirable structural changes and microstrain in the crystal structure, with a high charging cut‐off voltage of 4.45 V and an elevated temperature of 45 °C in the full‐cell system. For stabilization of the CEI layer at the high‐voltage operation, an optimized electrolyte system is applied, containing the additive with low highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy. This controlled porosity and crack formation in secondary particles enhances the electrochemical performances of the NM7525‐based full cell. In the case of cyclability, the CEI‐stabilized full‐cell delivers a high‐capacity retention of 90% after 100 cycles under the harsh operation conditions of high charging cut‐off voltage and elevated temperature, whereas the as‐prepared full‐cell shows a retention of just 78%.
Construction of a Fluoride‐Free and High‐Voltage Lithium Metal Battery with a Li3N/Li2O Heterostructure Solid Electrolyte Interface
Authors: Xu Shengtao , Xu Sheng , Guo Xiaoyu , Xiong Jin , Wei Zhangyue , Zhu Sheng , Xu Jinting , Gong Shuaiqi , Shi Penghui , Guo Shuainan , Min Yulin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractCurrently, the design of lithium metal batteries primarily focuses on improving cycling stability by increasing the lithium fluoride (LiF) content in the interfacial layer. However, the extensive use of fluorides poses severe environmental concerns. In this study, a novel strategy is proposed to construct a Li3N/Li2O heterostructure via the in situ decomposition of lithium perchlorate (LiClO4) and lithium nitrate (LiNO3), replacing the role of LiF in the SEI. This unique heterostructure combines excellent lithium‐ion transport capability with robust electronic insulation properties, effectively preventing electron tunneling phenomena. When paired with the NCM811 cathode, the Li||NCM811 full cell exhibits exceptional electrochemical performance, including outstanding charge–discharge capabilities under extreme temperatures. At 60 °C and 1C conditions, the battery retains 82.11% of its capacity after 500 cycles; at 25 °C and 1C, it maintains a capacity retention rate of 80.61% after 800 cycles. Furthermore, under practical application conditions (100 µm lithium anode, N/P ratio of 3.09, and a 1.5 Ah pouch cell), the fluorine‐free lithium metal battery (LMB) retains 77.93% capacity after 100 cycles, demonstrating the superiority and practical value of this strategy.
Restrictive Heterointerfacial Delamination in Flexible Perovskite Photovoltaics Using a Bifacial Linker
Authors: Zhu Xuejie , Li Yixuan , Li Qiao‐Zhi , Wang Nan , Yang Shaoan , Gao Xingfa , Zhang Lu , Wang Peijun , Liang Zihui , Li Jiaxi , Wang Kai , Liu Shengzhong (Frank) , Yang Dong 
Published: February 2025

AbstractFlexible perovskite solar cells offer significant potential for portable electronics due to their exceptional power density. However, the commercialization of these devices is hampered by challenges related to mechanical flexibility, primarily due to inadequate adhesion between the perovskite absorber layer and the flexible substrate. Herein, this delamination issue is addressed by employing a bifacial linker, potassium benzyl(trifluoro)borate (BnBF3K), to enhance adhesion at the SnO2/perovskite interface. This approach not only improves the mechanical stability of flexible perovskite devices but also reduces buried surface defects and optimizes energy level alignment. Consequently, a record efficiency of 21.82% (certified at 21.39%) is achieved for a flexible perovskite solar module with an area of 12.80 cm2 and a high efficiency of 24.15% for a flexible perovskite solar cell. Furthermore, the flexible modules exhibit outstanding mechanical flexibility, retaining 96.56% of their initial efficiency after 6000 bending cycles, demonstrating their suitability for various practical applications.
2D Biomimetic Membranes Constructed by Charge Assembly and Hydrogen Bonding for Precise Ion Separation
Authors: Lv Zixiao , Li Haidong , Wen Chuanxi , Tian Longlong , Chen XiMeng , Wu Wangsuo , Li Zhan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDesigning well‐ordered, multifunctional layered membranes with high selectivity and long‐term stability remains a significant challenge. Here, a simple strategy is introduced that utilizes charge repulsion between graphene oxide (GO) and engineered bacteria to induce liquid crystal formation, enabling their layer‐by‐layer self‐assembly on a polyethersulfone membrane. The interlayer pressure flattens the bacteria, removing interlayer water and forming a densely packed structure. This compression decreases the spacing between functional groups, leading to a robust hydrogen bonding network and a significant enhancement in mechanical properties (12.42 times tensile strength increase). Notably, the pressure preserves the activity of the super uranyl‐binding protein of engineered bacteria, which selectively coordinates with uranyl (UO22+) through high‐affinity coordination bonds, enabling recognition and sieving of target ions. The membrane demonstrates near 100% rejection of UO22+, K/U, and V/U selectivity of ≈140 and ≈40, respectively, while maintaining long‐term stability. This strategy provides a versatile platform for the precise design of high‐performance membranes, advancing the field of molecular transport in energy and environmental applications.
Cd Single Atom as an Electron Mediator in an S‐Scheme Heterojunction for Artificial Photosynthesis of H2O2
Authors: Ruan Xiaowen , Xu Minghua , Ding Chunsheng , Leng Jing , Fang Guozhen , Meng Depeng , Zhang Wei , Jiang Zhifeng , Ravi Sai Kishore , Cui Xiaoqiang , Yu Jiaguo 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDeveloping conductor‐mediated S‐scheme heterojunction photocatalysts imitating natural photosynthetic systems emerges as a promising approach to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production. However, achieving precise coupling between two semiconductors with a charge shuttle and modulating the interfacial interactions still remain a significant bottleneck. Herein, we propose a catalyst architecture with a Cd single atom mediated S‐scheme heterojunction formed by interfacing CdS and TiO2 nanoparticles. This catalyst exhibits an H2O2 production rate as high as 60.33 µmol g−1 min−1 under UV–vis light irradiation, which is attributed to the efficient charge transport at the interface of CdS and TiO2 thanks to the Cd single atom mediated S‐scheme. In‐situ X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electron spin resonance (ESR) spin‐trapping tests confirm the S‐scheme charge transfer route. Femtosecond transient absorption (fs‐TA) spectroscopy and other ex‐situ characterizations further corroborate the efficient charge transport across the catalyst interface. This work offers a new perspective on constructing single atoms mediated heterojunctions to enhance photocatalytic performance.
We Are All in This Together: Narratives of a Blended Intervention to Support Well‐Being and Social Connectedness in International Students Enrolled to an Italian University
Authors: Tomaino Silvia Caterina Maria , Venier Elisabetta , Cipolletta Sabrina 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBlended psychological interventions, comprising online and in‐presence activities, represent an interesting opportunity to tackle the current well‐being and mental health challenges in vulnerable populations such as international university students. The aim of this study is to explore the experiences of international students enrolled at the University of Padua (Italy) who participated in an 8 week blended intervention to support their well‐being and social connectedness, comprising online and face‐to‐face activities focusing on different topics such as well‐being, social‐media usage, communication skills, challenges and resources of being an international student. A total of six participants took part in the intervention. In‐presence group sessions were audio‐recorded and thematically analysed. The results identified three overarching themes: participants' experiences and interactions in the group sessions, participants' experiences with the online self‐help materials and participants' narratives during the group sessions. The intervention allowed for the identification of international students' needs and resources, and showed the usefulness and relevance of the blended modality to support their social connectedness and well‐being, pointing out the strength of mutual support and the need for an active role of the hosting countries and universities as fundamental resources for international students. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article's .
Experimental Validation of Numerical Simulation Model for No‐Load Hybrid Greenhouse Solar Dryer
Authors: Prakash Om , Kumar Lalan , Ahmad Asim , Irshad Kashif , Hasnain S. M. Mozammil , Giri Jayant , Paramasivam Prabhu , Zairov Rustem , Dabelo Leliso H. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis study is concerned with the development of a finite element (FE) model using COMSOL Multiphysics for hybrid greenhouse dryers in humid subtropical climate of Ranchi, under no‐load condition. The temperature and humidity distribution in the dryer was visualized using the FE model and compared against experimental data to evaluate its reliability in simulating dryer behavior. The performance evaluation conducted under no load condition showed that the efficiency of the proposed dryer was 42.35% and maximum overall convective heat transfer coefficient was 6.27 W/m2°C. The temperature inside the dryer ranged from 55°C to 80°C, while the relative humidity ranged from 37% to 45%. The developed FE model using COMSOL Multiphysics software, shows a close agreement between experimental and predicted results with a lower statistical error. Overall, this study's findings suggest that the hybrid greenhouse dryer could be a useful tool for drying crops in humid subtropical climates and the FEM could be a valuable tool for future research.
Measurement of Carbon Emission Transfer in China's Construction Industry and Analysis of Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Carbon Emissions
Authors: Xiao Wenwen , Song Wenhao , Pei Xuemei , Wang Lili 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe construction industry is an important material production sector in China's national economy, and the trade of goods and services between regions may lead to the transfer of carbon emissions from the construction industry. This study constructs a multiregion input–output table model containing 27 industries in 30 provinces in China from 2007 to 2017. It measures and analyzes carbon emissions and carbon transfer in China's construction industry, constructs a carbon emission transfer network for China's construction industry by combining a complex network model, and analyzes the spatial and temporal transfer structural characteristics of its network indicators. The results show that most provinces with higher carbon emissions from the construction industry are concentrated in the eastern coastal areas and regional center provinces, and in addition to the frequent carbon transfers within economically developed regions, the resource‐intensive provinces also frequently have carbon transfers with economically developed provinces. Based on the results of this study, a differentiated carbon emission reduction plan is formulated, and policy recommendations for optimizing carbon emission reduction in the construction industry in each region are proposed.
Informationen und Empfehlungen des Arbeitskreises 1.6 „Numerik in der Geotechnik“ zur Berechnung von Grundwasserströmungen und deren Auswirkung auf die Standsicherheit mit der FEM
Authors: Perau Eugen , Walter Herbert , Henke Sascha , Buscher Solveig , Heidkamp Holger , Hohberg Jörg‐Martin , Pucker Tim , Reul Oliver , Stelzer Oliver 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDer Arbeitskreis 1.6 „Numerik in der Geotechnik“ der DGGT gibt in dem vorliegenden Beitrag Informationen und Empfehlungen zur Berechnung von Grundwasserströmungen und deren Auswirkungen auf die Standsicherheit mit numerischen Methoden, insbesondere mit der Finite‐Elemente‐Methode. Diese ergänzen die vorliegenden Gesamtempfehlungen des AK 1.6 sowie die Empfehlungen zur Berechnung der Standsicherheit mit der FEM. Es werden im vorliegenden Beitrag Grundlagen zur Berechnung gesättigter sowie teilgesättigter Grundwasserströmungen beschrieben. Dabei werden auch die zugehörigen Anfangs‐ und Randbedingungen sowie vereinfachende Berechnungsmodelle behandelt. Weiterhin werden physikalische Eigenschaften von Problemstellungen zur Einteilung in Analysetypen herangezogen, beispielsweise deren Zeitabhängigkeit und die Art der Kopplung zwischen mechanischem Verhalten des Korngefüges und der Grundwasserströmung. Abschließend werden Empfehlungen ausgesprochen, die Hilfe bei der Auswahl eines Analysetyps und zur Gestaltung der zugehörigen Berechnung bieten. Ebenso gibt es Empfehlungen, welche der zahlreichen Einflüsse aus der Grundwasserströmung auf das Ergebnis von FEM‐Berechnungen – insbesondere zur Bestimmung der Standsicherheit – berücksichtigt werden sollten. Abschließend werden Hinweise zur Prüfung der Plausibilität der Berechnungsergebnisse gegeben.
Negative Body Experience in a Clinical Sample of Mental Disorders: Associations With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Mood Disorders, and Personality Disorders
Authors: van de Kamp Minke M. , Scheffers Mia , Emck Claudia , Cuijpers Pim , Beek Peter J. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTWhile body experience is a key focus of treatment in psychomotor therapy (PMT), research has largely overlooked this important topic. In this study we explored three domains of body experience—body satisfaction, body attitude, and interoceptive awareness—in individuals with mental disorders in a clinical sample receiving PMT. We expected these patients to have a more negative body experience than nonclinical controls, with PTSD, mood disorders, personality disorders, and sex negatively affecting all three domains of body experience. The study involved 235 participants aged 18–59 with various mental disorders that were referred to PMT between 2008 and 2017 at a mental health center in the Netherlands. They completed questionnaires on all three of the body experience domains of interest. One sample t‐tests revealed that patients had significantly greater negative body satisfaction and body attitude than nonclinical control samples obtained from the literature, with no significant difference in interoceptive awareness. Regression analyses within the patient sample revealed that female patients and patients with mood disorders or PTSD, displayed more negative body satisfaction than patients with other mental disorders. Additionally, female patients and patients with mood disorders displayed more negative body attitude. Although the total patient group and controls had comparable interoceptive awareness, only PTSD had significantly lower interoceptive awareness. Age and personality disorders did not predict differences on any domain of body experience. This research demonstrates that body experience is disturbed in patients with mental disorders who received PMT, and that there are disorder‐specific disturbances on domains of body experience domains.
Proposed Diagnostic Reference Levels for Frequently Performed Paediatric Radiographic Examinations
Authors: Doyle Edel , Dimmock Matthew R. , Lee Kam L. , Thomas Peter , Bassed Richard B. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionPaediatric diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) are dose levels for typical medical imaging examinations for broadly defined types of equipment with weight‐stratification preferred by the International Commission on Radiological Protection. Australia has never published paediatric DRLs for general radiography. The aim of this study was to collect radiation dose metrics for commonly performed radiographic projections in children in Australia and propose weight‐based DRLs.MethodsEthics approval was granted to collect data, along with a waiver of consent. Radiographs were acquired in accordance with local protocols using direct digital X‐ray equipment for children who presented for routine radiographic imaging. A spreadsheet was provided to each centre to record the patient's age and weight, as well as tube voltage and current‐time product, source‐to‐image distance, use of a grid, additional filtration, automatic exposure control chamber selection and the displayed air kerma area product (KAP). Facility reference levels (FRLs) were calculated as the median for each X‐ray unit based on data submitted for a minimum of three patients. The 75th percentiles of the FRLs across nine X‐ray units from five centres were calculated as the proposed Local DRLs (LDRLs).ResultsThe most commonly radiographed body parts in children were the chest, wrist, abdomen, elbow and foot. The proposed LDRLs range from 4 mGy•cm2 (oblique hand in 5–15 kg) to 884 mGy•cm2 (antero‐posterior pelvis in 50–80 kg).ConclusionThe estimation of LDRLs for radiographs from a weight‐based patient study offers Australian reference values for guidance in the optimisation process.
Endoscopic pancreatic function test and other modalities for exocrine pancreatic disease measures
Authors: Fu Yinan , Nguyen HaiThuy N. , Ponrartana Skorn , Piester Travis L. , Trout Andrew T. , Alharbi Omar , Abu‐El‐Haija Maisam , Zheng Yuhua 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectivesExocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) reflects inadequate pancreatic enzyme(s) and/or bicarbonate secretion, leading to malabsorption. We aim to compare different assessment tools for exocrine pancreatic function and correlate them with the endoscopic pancreatic function test (ePFT) as a reference standard.MethodsCombined retrospective and prospective analysis of clinical data for children who underwent clinically indicated ePFTs. We compared ePFT against patient symptoms, laboratory results, magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography with secretin 49/53 magnetic resonance imaging, among those, 35/49 with secretin enhanced magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (sMRCP), or endoscopic ultrasound (EUS 36/53) findings with the ePFT results.ResultsA total of 53 patients who underwent ePFT between September 2018 and April 2023 were included. 30 were Female (57%). Median age when ePFT was performed was 14 years (range: 4–21 years). Primary indication for ePFT: Acute recurrent or chronic pancreatitis (74%), Pancreas atrophy (9%), Other (post‐ pancreatic surgery, malnutrition with low fecal elastase‐1 (FE‐1) (17%). Patients with high pancreatic enzyme activities had a higher volume of pancreatic fluid secretion on ePFT. They also had larger pancreatic anteroposterior diameter and pancreas parenchyma volume, as well as higher post‐secretin enteric fluid volume increment on sMRCP compared to those with low enzyme activities. Our findings also underscore the importance of lipase in maintaining and promoting weight gain in pediatric patients. In our patient cohort, the FE‐1 level was lower in patients with low pancreatic enzyme activities. Our study showed that steatorrhea is associated with low pancreatic enzyme activities, whereas abdominal pain and unintentional weight loss might be nonspecific to EPI. No significant correlations were observed from blood cell counts, blood electrolytes, lipase, albumin, bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase, serum lipids, fat‐soluble vitamins, prothrombin time, hemoglobin A1C, and EUS with pancreatic enzymes or bicarbonate concentration.ConclusionssMRCP is a promising noninvasive modality in assessing exocrine pancreatic function in children.