bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-linear modeling and parameter identification of a bolted joint using substructure synthesis theory
Authors: Hussain Faisal , Ingole Sanjay 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Engineering applications require accurate modeling and parameter identification to anticipate bolted joint behavior under different loading circumstances. Bolted joints are extensively used in civil and mechanical structures. In this research study, cubic stiffness non-linearity is examined and a comprehensive model, which can exhibit the non-linearity of joint behavior, is developed. This is achieved by modeling the bolted joint which is connected at one end of a cantilever beam. Mathematical model is established using concept of sub structure synthesis theory by considering non-linear translational stiffness and non-linear rotational stiffness as a boundary condition. Non-dimensional natural frequencies are estimated by assuming stiffness parameters and joint parameter estimation for translational spring having nonlinear stiffness is calculated using second order curve fitting technique. Furthermore, estimated and exact value of cubic stiffness coefficient are compared. The experimental results shows that the percentage error of estimation for all the modes are less than 8%. The experimentally determined natural frequencies are further contrasted with an analytical results to validate a precision of generated model. Present work contributes in improving the bolted joint analysis by providing a solid non-linear modeling and parameter identification methodology. This methodology enhances design practices and ensures the durability of engineering structures and mechanical systems by improving bolted joint comprehension.
Machine learning for efficient grazing-exit x-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy analysis: Bayesian optimization approach
Authors: Cakir Cafer Tufan , Bogoclu Can , Emmerling Franziska , Streli Christina , Guilherme Buzanich Ana , Radtke Martin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In materials science, traditional techniques for analyzing layered structures are essential for obtaining information about local structure, electronic properties and chemical states. While valuable, these methods often require high vacuum environments and have limited depth profiling capabilities. The grazing exit x-ray absorption near-edge structure (GE-XANES) technique addresses these limitations by providing depth-resolved insight at ambient conditions, facilitating in situ material analysis without special sample preparation. However, GE-XANES is limited by long data acquisition times, which hinders its practicality for various applications. To overcome this, we have incorporated Bayesian optimization (BO) into the GE-XANES data acquisition process. This innovative approach potentially reduces measurement time by a factor of 50. We have used a standard GE-XANES experiment, which serve as reference, to validate the effectiveness and accuracy of the BO-informed experimental setup. Our results show that this optimized approach maintains data quality while significantly improving efficiency, making GE-XANES more accessible to a wider range of materials science applications.
Trial Stories in Jewish Antiquity
Authors: Halberstam Chaya T 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAs early Jewish communities struggled with shifting imperial realities, they wrote trial stories that construct, unravel, and continually remake the links between judges, judgment, and justice. In these trial narratives they wrestle with empire and the feasibility of judges operating apart from their social and material environments. ​Chaya T. Halberstam offers close analyses of the trials of Daniel, Susanna, Jesus, Herod and his family, and a variety of largely unnamed litigants in rabbinic literature. The stories that are the focus of the book share the basic perspective that judges do not transcend their affective and material circumstances, even when they appeal to a higher standard and appear to follow some version of the ‘rule of law’. The judges in these narratives see and feel; they are inextricably a part of the networks, moods, and events around them. The trial stories of Jewish antiquity form a sophisticated critique of blind justice, even as it is programmatically prescribed throughout ancient literature. They suggest, instead, a counternarrative of judging that draws on feeling, relationships, and the ethic of care.
Introduction
Authors: Reznick Scott M 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe chapter argues that American literary Romanticism developed as a direct response to pervasive conflict over democracy’s moral dimensions in the early republic and antebellum eras. The Introduction calls for a renewed attention to the tradition of political liberalism, particularly its roots in the violent aftermath of the Protestant Reformation and its modern synthesis in the work of John Rawls, not only to better comprehend the challenges and dilemmas of modern political life, but because U.S. writers frequently turned to liberal thinkers and ideas as they sought to make sense of the inherent contentiousness over democracy’s moral dimensions by interrogating the nature of moral belief itself. Those philosophical engagements sparked Romanticism’s flourishing as U.S. writers increasingly embraced Romantic literary modes emphasizing the imagination’s capacity for creative synthesis and the role it could therefore play in navigating the complexities of moral experience and in shoring up the habits of mind and feeling that are vital to a meaningful democratic culture. This Introduction explores some of the implications of this framework for Americanist literary studies and humanistic scholarship more generally.
“The Sense of Liberty”
Authors: Reznick Scott M 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe chapter explores how Harriet Beecher Stowe’s antislavery fiction took on increasingly Romantic dimensions as she interrogated the political significance of emotions in the aftermath of the Compromise of 1850. It places Stowe in a transhistorical conversation about the relationship between intellect and emotion running from Adam Smith and Alexis de Tocqueville to John Rawls and Martha Nussbaum in order to reconceptualize the relationship between liberalism and sentimentality in Uncle Tom’s Cabin (1852) and Dred (1856), both of which pivot around patently Romantic figures. It also explores how Stowe emphasized the concept of liberty, and the affective experiences it frequently elicits, as a way to overcome political impasse.
Style
Authors: Cheeke Stephen 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores the famously personal prose style and how it has divided readers in ways that illuminate much broader and perpetually recurring aesthetic fault-lines. The question of whether Pater’s style is attractive or repellent, extravagant or ascetic, personal or impersonal, is placed in relation to nineteenth-century debates about Decadence, aestheticism, and Euphuism, which have parallels in poststructuralist accounts of Pater’s significance. The chapter offers a counter argument to prevalent notions of Pater’s prose as ‘dissolvent’ by demonstrating the ways in which his work insists on the connection between style and the reality or ‘Soul-fact’ of the writer or artist: style as the communicable signature of a person and a personality.
Structural changes of mesophyll cells in the rice leaf tissue in response to salinity stress based on the three-dimensional analysis
Authors: Ouk Rachana , Oi Takao , Sugiura Daisuke , Taniguchi Mitsutaka 
Published: April 2024

Abstract.
Rice leaf blades have intricate-shaped mesophyll cells (MCs) with a large volume of chloroplasts enhancing gas exchange between stroma and intercellular airspace (IAS). Since the rice MCs do not form palisade or spongy tissue cells and are considered monotypic cells, the structural analysis of MCs in the middle part of the leaf tissue has been done, neglecting the various shapes of MCs can be observed on the cross-section of rice leaves. Moreover, the middle MC layer is sandwiched between the upper and lower layers and is more restricted in its demand for light and CO2 entering from the outside. Therefore, the different layers of MCs may differ in their sensitivity to salt stress that causes structural changes in cells. This study aims to elucidate the intra- and extra-cellular structures of MC in different layers of leaf tissue and determine how salinity affects the MC structure in each layer. The mesophyll tissue was divided into adaxial, middle and abaxial layers, and eight MCs and chloroplast regions were selected from each layer and reconstructed into three-dimensional (3D) representations. The whole leaf anatomical and physiological parameters were measured to find the effects of salinity stress on the MC structures. As a result, the 3D analysis of rice leaf tissue revealed the different structures of MCs with greater diversity in the adaxial and abaxial layers than in the middle layer. Salinity stress reduced the size and height of the MCs and coverage of the chloroplast on the cytoplasm periphery of the adaxial and abaxial layers, as well as the chloroplast size of adaxial MCs. Overall, these results reveal the variation of rice MC in leaf tissue and suggest the higher sensitivity to salt stress in the adaxial mesophyll among the layers, which may partly account for the decrease in photosynthetic capacity.
AmplificationTimeR: an R package for timing sequential amplification events
Authors: Jakobsdottir G Maria , Dentro Stefan C , Bristow Robert G , Wedge David C 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Motivation
Few methods exist for timing individual amplification events in regions of focal amplification. Current methods are also limited in the copy number states that they are able to time. Here we introduce AmplificationTimeR, a method for timing higher level copy number gains and inferring the most parsimonious order of events for regions that have undergone both single gains and whole genome duplication. Our method is an extension of established approaches for timing genomic gains.

Results
We can time more copy number states, and in states covered by other methods our results are comparable to previously published methods.

Availability and implementation
AmplificationTimer is freely available as an R package hosted at https://github.com/Wedge-lab/AmplificationTimeR.
Genome-wide meta-analysis of short-tandem repeats for Parkinson’s disease risk using genotype imputation
Authors: Ohlei Olena , Paul Kimberly , Nielsen Susan Searles , Gmelin David , Dobricic Valerija , Altmann Vivian , Schilling Marcel , Bronstein Jeff M , Franke Andre , Wittig Michael , Parkkinen Laura , Hansen Johnni , Checkoway Harvey , Ritz Beate , Bertram Lars , Lill Christina M 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Idiopathic Parkinson’s disease is determined by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Recently, the first genome-wide association study on short-tandem repeats in Parkinson’s disease reported on eight suggestive short-tandem repeat-based risk loci (α = 5.3 × 10−6), of which four were novel, i.e. they had not been implicated in Parkinson’s disease risk by genome-wide association analyses of single-nucleotide polymorphisms before. Here, we tested these eight candidate short-tandem repeats in a large, independent Parkinson’s disease case–control dataset (n = 4757). Furthermore, we combined the results from both studies by meta-analysis resulting in the largest Parkinson’s disease genome-wide association study of short-tandem repeats to date (n = 43 844). Lastly, we investigated whether leading short-tandem repeat risk variants exert functional effects on gene expression regulation based on methylation quantitative trait locus data in human ‘post-mortem’ brain (n = 142). None of the eight previously reported short-tandem repeats were significantly associated with Parkinson’s disease in our independent dataset after multiple testing correction (α = 6.25 × 10−3). However, we observed modest support for short-tandem repeats near CCAR2 and NCOR1 in the updated meta-analyses of all available data. While the genome-wide meta-analysis did not reveal additional study-wide significant (α = 6.3 × 10−7) short-tandem repeat signals, we identified seven novel suggestive Parkinson’s disease short-tandem repeat risk loci (α = 5.3 × 10−6). Of these, especially a short-tandem repeat near MEIOSIN showed consistent evidence for association across datasets. CCAR2, NCOR1 and one novel suggestive locus identified here (LINC01012) emerged from colocalization analyses showing evidence for a shared causal short-tandem repeat variant affecting both Parkinson’s disease risk and cis DNA methylation in brain. Larger studies, ideally using short-tandem repeats called from whole-sequencing data, are needed to more fully investigate their role in Parkinson’s disease.
Intelligent algorithm-based maximum power point tracker for an off-grid photovoltaic-powered direct-current irrigation system
Authors: Attia Hussain , Takruri Maen , Al-Ataby Ali 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This research aims to enhance the performance of photovoltaic (PV) systems on a 2-fold basis. Firstly, it introduces an advanced deep artificial neural network algorithm for accurate and fast maximum power point tracking, ensuring optimal extraction of electrical power from PV arrays. Secondly, it proposes the use of 96-V, 2.98-kW direct-current (DC) water pumps for farm irrigation, aiming to improve efficiency, reduce cost and complexity, and overcome challenges associated with connecting faraway farm irrigation systems to the utility grid. In this study, it has been demonstrated that the use of DC pumps greatly improves system performance and efficiency by eliminating the need for isolation transformers, power passive filters and inverters, therefore simplifying the architecture of the system. The efficacy of the proposed methodology is confirmed by MATLAB®/Simulink® simulation results, whereby the proposed algorithm attains a mean squared error of 6.5705 × 10–5 and a system efficiency approaching 99.8%, ensuring a steady voltage under varying load conditions.
Fracture and plastering of distal left main stent during double-kissing Culotte technique: a case report
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Saibal , Muheeb Ghazi , Yusuf Jamal , Kathuria Sanjeev 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Acute fracture of a left main (LM) stent during angioplasty is a rare complication. Cardiologists should be aware of the risk of stent fracture (SF) following kissing balloon inflation (KBI) even if the effective diameter of the balloons does not exceed the recommended expansion limits of stents.

Case summary
A 64-year-old female with hypertension and dyslipidaemia presented with crescendo angina since three months in spite of optimal medical therapy. Coronary angiogram showed a distal LM bifurcation lesion. The patient was admitted for LM bifurcation stenting by upfront two-stent technique (inverted double-kissing Culotte technique). Following first KBI of the stent placed from left circumflex artery (LCX) to LM, there was stent deformation in the LM shaft. As we had planned the Culotte technique, we decided to exclude the fractured segment by stenting from left anterior descending artery (LAD) to LM. The stent from LAD–LM successfully excluded the fractured part of the first stent from the lumen of LM. Optical coherence tomography done after final KBI from LCX–LM revealed successful exclusion of the deformed segment of the LCX stent with mild malapposition at the site of the deformed stent. A follow-up angiogram after six months showed normal in-stent flow with no evidence of restenosis or pseudoaneurysm.

Discussion
Acute LM SF during coronary intervention can occur even if the effective cumulative diameter of the inflated balloons does not exceed the mentioned expansion limit of stents. Intravascular imaging is a helpful modality to define type of SF and its management.
Apparent mineralocorticoid excess in Israel: a case series and literature review
Authors: Lebel Asaf , Ben Shalom Efrat , Mokatern Rozan , Halevy Raphael , Zehavi Yoav , Magen Daniela 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background and Objective
Apparent mineralocorticoid excess (AME) syndrome is an ultra-rare autosomal-recessive tubulopathy, caused by mutations in HSD11B2, leading to excessive activation of the kidney mineralocorticoid receptor, and characterized by early-onset low-renin hypertension, hypokalemia, and risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD). To date, most reports included few patients, and none described patients from Israel. We aimed to describe AME patients from Israel and to review the relevant literature.

Design
Retrospective cohort study.

Methods
Clinical, laboratory, and molecular data from patients’ records were collected.

Results
Five patients presented at early childhood with normal estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), while 2 patients presented during late childhood with CKD. Molecular analysis revealed 2 novel homozygous mutations in HSD11B2. All patients presented with severe hypertension and hypokalemia. While all patients developed nephrocalcinosis, only 1 showed hypercalciuria. All individuals were managed with potassium supplements, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, and various antihypertensive medications. One patient survived cardiac arrest secondary to severe hyperkalemia. At last follow-up, those 5 patients who presented early exhibited normal eGFR and near-normal blood pressure, but 2 have hypertension complications. The 2 patients who presented with CKD progressed to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) necessitating dialysis and kidney transplantation.

Conclusions
In this 11-year follow-up report of 2 Israeli families with AME, patients who presented early maintained long-term normal kidney function, while those who presented late progressed to ESKD. Nevertheless, despite early diagnosis and management, AME is commonly associated with serious complications of the disease or its treatment.
Coronary artery calcification and high-volume physical activity: role of lower intensity vs. longer duration of exercise
Authors: Pavlovic Andjelka , DeFina Laura F , Leonard David , Radford Nina B , Farrell Stephen W , Barlow Carolyn E , Shuval Kerem , Berry Jarett D , Levine Benjamin D 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Aims
While high-volume physical activity (PA) has been linked to elevated coronary artery calcification (CAC), the role of intensity vs. duration of PA has not been investigated. The purpose of the study was to examine the role of intensity vs. duration of PA in relation to CAC.

Methods and results
Data are from 23 383 apparently healthy men who completed a PA questionnaire and underwent CAC scanning as part of a preventive examination. Self-reported PA was categorized into four groups of average intensity and weekly duration of PA [average intensity: 1, 3–5.9, 6–8.9, and 9–12 metabolic equivalents of task (METs); weekly duration: 0, &gt; 0−&lt;2, 2−&lt;5, and ≥5 h/week]. Mean CAC and CAC ≥ 100 Agatston units (AU) were regressed separately on continuous or categorical average intensity and weekly duration of PA. The mean (standard deviation) age was 51.7 (8.3) years, and mean CAC was 174.8 (543.6) AU with 23.5% of men presenting with CAC ≥ 100 AU. Higher average intensity of PA was related to lower mean CAC [−3.1%/MET, 95% confidence interval (CI): −4.6, −1.6%/MET] and lower relative risk (RR) of CAC ≥ 100 AU (RR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.98, 1.00/MET). Opposite trend was observed for the duration component wherein higher weekly duration of PA was significantly associated with greater mean CAC and RR of CAC ≥ 100 AU.

Conclusion
Elevated CAC was associated with lower average intensity and longer duration of PA in men, providing new insight into the complex relationship between leisure-time PA behaviours and risk of CAC.
Genome Assembly of Pyrocephalus nanus: A Step Toward the Genetic Conservation of the Endangered Little Vermilion Flycatcher of the Galapagos Islands
Authors: Anchundia David J , Lam Athena W , Henderson James B , Van Dam Matthew H , Dumbacher John P 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Incredibly powerful whole genome studies of conservation genetics, evolution, and biogeography become possible for non-model organisms when reference genomes are available. Here, we report the sequence and assembly of the whole genome of the little vermilion flycatcher (Pyrocephalus nanus; family Tyrannidae), which is an endemic, endangered, and declining species of the Galapagos Islands. Using PacBio HiFi reads to assemble long contigs and Hi-C reads for scaffolding, we assembled a genome of 1.07 Gb comprising 267 contigs in 152 scaffolds, scaffold N50 74 M, contig N50 17.8 M, with 98.9% assigned to candidate chromosomal sequences and 99.72% of the BUSCO passeriformes 10,844 single-copy orthologs present. In addition, we used the novel HiFiMiTie pipeline to fully assemble and verify all portions of the mitochondrial genome from HiFi reads, obtaining a mitogenome of 17,151 bases, containing 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNAs, 2 rRNAs, two control regions, and a unique structure of control region duplication and repeats. These genomes will be a critical tool for much-needed studies of phylogenetics, population genetics, biogeography, and conservation genetics of Pyrocephalus and related genera. This genome and other studies that use it will be able to provide recommendations for conservation management, taxonomic improvement, and to understand the evolution and diversification of this genus within the Galapagos Islands.
Symbols of State: Explaining Prestige Projects in the Global South
Authors: Strange Austin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Why do governments pursue flashy international development projects despite more basic material needs? I argue that economically questionable “prestige projects” can be politically useful for legitimacy-seeking governments of small states in the Global South. Prestige projects provide these governments with otherwise unavailable symbolic capital as well as a means for seeking international status. Using new data on China’s global development finance since 1949, I document nearly 400 prestige projects and show they are concentrated in developing countries with small economies that increase their support for China’s diplomatic interests. An illustrative case study of Costa Rica’s national stadium shows how host countries use prestige projects to acquire national symbolic capital and pursue status. Evidence from a survey experiment in Papua New Guinea further demonstrates that prestige projects are uniquely associated with the national government and status-seeking motives. The findings contribute to research on the political economy of foreign aid, international development, status-seeking, and Chinese development finance.