bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Analytical Model for Water Coning Control Installation in Reservoir With Bottomwater
Authors: Jin Lu , Wojtanowicz Andrew K. , Hughes Richard G. 
Published: June 2010

Summary
Water coning is a serious problem in maturing reservoirs with bottomwater drive where depleted oil strata overlays sizable water zones. The resulting high values of water cut and minimal oil rate lead to early shutdowns of the wells without sufficient recovery of hydrocarbons in place. For many years, reservoir engineers have looked for effective ways to control water coning, but only a few successful oilfield examples have been reported. Usually, in the presence of bottomwater, wells are completed in the upper section of the pay zone and produce oil below the critical rate in order to prevent or delay water coning. Typically, however, the critical rate is too low to be economical so that high water cut becomes inevitable.
Downhole water sink (DWS) technology, a relatively new and effective method to control water coning, has been increasingly considered by engineers worldwide. Theoretical calculations and field practice have shown that DWS can improve oil production rate, reduce water cut and increase the oil productivity index of a well. However, the technique requires draining and lifting large amounts of water from the aquifer, which increases the cost of production. In order to solve the DWS water lifting problem, a new water coning control method called downhole water loop (DWL) installation has been developed. It has the same advantages as the DWS technique, but it does not need to lift water to the surface.
This paper addresses the feasibility of DWL installation and analytically examines the mechanism of producing water-free oil from the DWL of bottomwater drive reservoirs. The DWL feasibility is tested with a simple analytical model derived in this study. Also, a good match is obtained when comparing the model-calculated data to real production data.
Modeling of Tubing Pickling in Conjunction With Acidizing Treatments
Authors: Al-Mutairi Saleh H. , Hill A. Daniel , Nasr-El-Din Hisham A. 
Published: June 2010

Summary
Pickling well tubulars to prevent pumping unwanted materials into the formation is an issue that should be decided on an individual-job basis. Acid pickling of tubing is a process of flow in a tube or an annulus with heterogeneous reactions occurring at the wall of the tube. The reacting solid species at the wall are primarily mill scale and other types of inorganic scale. The fluids injected for pickling are usually strong acid solutions [hydrochloric acid (HCl)] but also may include surfactants, organic solvents, and gelled solutions to aid in lifting solids from the wellbore. Thus, the process is a complex one involving several reactions and perhaps multiple stages of fluids.
Tubing pickling is an essential part of well-stimulation treatments if the main acid is to be bullheaded. Standard design parameters for a pickle treatment depend on experience and personal judgment. It appears that the standard pickle-treatment design is overestimating the required volume of pickling acid. Field data indicated that excessive acid volumes were used for tubing pickling because large returns of unreacted (live) acid were recovered at the surface. Careful analysis of flowback samples obtained from several deep gas wells showed that only a fraction of the acid was consumed by mill scale and other tubing contaminants.
In this paper, proposed mechanisms are presented to explain the behavior of acid contact with the tubing and a mathematical model is developed to predict acid consumption and dissolution of tubular contaminants. The model applies to the bullheading case where the acid is pumped down the tubing and then flowed back to the surface. The model considers the reaction of acid with mill scale (Fe3O4). The equations formulated are solved numerically to predict the concentrations of major chemical species in the well flowback samples.
Such a model is extremely valuable in optimizing future pickling treatments. The acid volume needed for pickling operations can be reduced significantly, and other improvements can be made without extensive and costly field testing. Finally, recommendations are given to design acid-pickling treatments better.
Profile of Indian Patients with Juvenile Onset Chronic Inflammatory Joint Disease Using the ILAR Classification Criteria for JIA: A Community-based Cohort Study
Authors: KUNJIR VINAYA , VENUGOPALAN ANURADHA , CHOPRA ARVIND 
Published: June 2010

Objective.To assess the current International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR) classification criteria (Edmonton, 2001) for juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) in Indian patients.Methods.Out of 441 children, 330 with chronic joint pains were diagnosed with juvenile onset chronic inflammatory arthritis and followed in an observational cohort. Our study was carried out from 1994 to 2006 in a community rheumatology clinic. Emphasis was placed on obtaining data required by the ILAR system. Of the original group, 235 children were eventually classified as having JIA; 108 were examined during the first year of illness.Results.We assigned 224 children (95%) to discrete JIA categories: enthesitis-related arthritis (ERA; 36%), oligoarthritis (OLA-persistent; 17%), polyarthritis rheumatoid factor (RF)-negative (17%), polyarthritis RF-positive (12%), systemic arthritis (8%), OLA-extended (4%), and psoriatic arthritis (1%). The remaining 11 children (5%) were classified with undifferentiated arthritis (mostly an overlap due to seropositive RF and/or HLA-B27). The prevalence of ERA (89% HLA-B27-positive) and seropositive RF was unexpectedly high. Although agreement (κ > 0.79) with the American College of Rheumatology criteria and the European Spondylarthropathy Study Group criteria was good to excellent, the ILAR system was found to be more comprehensive and clinically homogeneous. However, some problems appear unique in our scenario.Conclusion.A wide-spectrum phenotype of JIA is demonstrated by an Indian cohort. Although useful, RF and HLA-B27 in this population proved problematic to the ILAR classification.
Renal Transplant in Wegener’s Granulomatosis Compared to Microscopic Polyangiitis
Authors: GEETHA DUVURU , HAAS MARK , KRAUS EDWARD S. , RABB HAMID , SEO PHILIP 
Published: June 2010

Objective.Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis is an important cause of endstage renal disease. Our aim was to investigate how the underlying vasculitis diagnosis may influence outcomes following renal transplant.Methods.We undertook a retrospective cohort study of patients who underwent renal transplant at the Johns Hopkins Hospital between 1999 and 2008.Results.Detailed followup data were available for 11 patients with Wegener’s granulomatosis (WG) and 6 with microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), representing 799 patient-months of observation. Patients with WG remained on hemodialysis longer (and may have had slightly worse renal outcomes following transplant) than patients with MPA. Four patients with WG experienced adverse events following renal transplant: 2 experienced rejection and 2 vasculitis flare. Among the patients with MPA, there was 1 episode of rejection and no vasculitis flare.Conclusion.Whether outcomes following renal transplant may be influenced by the underlying diagnosis of vasculitis merits further study.
Cross-sectional and Longitudinal Evaluation of Bone Mass in Children and Young Adults with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: The Role of Bone Mass Determinants in a Large Cohort of Patients
Authors: STAGI STEFANO , MASI LAURA , CAPANNINI SERENA , CIMAZ ROLANDO , TONINI GIULIA , MATUCCI-CERINIC MARCO , de MARTINO MAURIZIO , FALCINI FERNANDA 
Published: June 2010

Objective.To assess the prevalence of reduced spine bone mineral apparent density (BMAD), and to identify the main predictors of reduced spine BMAD in a cross-sectional and longitudinal evaluation of the same large cohort of patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). There are few prospective data on bone mass evaluation in a large number of patients with JIA, and with enthesitis-related arthritis onset.Methods.Two hundred nineteen patients with JIA (median age 8.7 yrs, range 6.1–13.1 yrs; 104 oligoarticular JIA, 61 polyarticular, 20 systemic, and 34 enthesitis-related arthritis onset) were retrospectively evaluated. A dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan at the lumbar spine was performed in all subjects. Of these, 89 consecutive patients were followed up randomly and longitudinally with a second and a third DEXA evaluation. The data obtained were compared with 80 age-matched and sex-matched healthy subjects.Results.At the first DEXA, patients with JIA showed a reduced spine BMAD standard deviation score (SDS) in comparison to controls (p < 0.001). These results were confirmed when the subjects were divided into JIA subtypes (p < 0.005) with the exception of enthesitis-related arthritis onset. Spine BMAD SDS significantly correlated with JIA onset type (p < 0.01), age at JIA onset (p < 0.005), and flares (p = 0.008). The longitudinal evaluation showed that spine BMAD SDS did not significantly improve at the followup in comparison to controls, in all subsets with JIA except for systemic onset (p < 0.05). Spine BMAD correlated with sex (p < 0.01), systemic corticosteroid exposure (p < 0.01), the number of intraarticular corticosteroid injections (p < 0.01), the interval from last steroid injection (p < 0.05), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (p < 0.005), and C-reactive protein levels (p < 0.005).Conclusion.Patients with JIA have a low bone mass and, after a first increase due to therapy, do not reach a healthy condition over time despite our current more effective drugs. These patients have a high risk of osteoporosis in early adulthood. To reduce the risk and improve the bone mass, close monitoring of bone mineral density, better control of disease activity, physical activity, and intake of calcium and vitamin D are recommended. In patients with osteoporosis, therapeutic approaches including bisphosphonates should be considered.
Increased Expression of Phospholipid Scramblase 1 in Monocytes from Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: SUZUKI ERIKO , AMENGUAL OLGA , ATSUMI TATSUYA , OKU KENJI , HASHIMOTO TOKO , KATAOKA HIROSHI , HORITA TETSUYA , YASUDA SHINSUKE , IEKO MASAHIRO , FUKUSHIMA KAZUAKI , KOIKE TAKAO 
Published: June 2010

Objective.A high incidence of thromboembolic events has been reported in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Phosphatidylserine (PS) is normally sequestered in the inner leaflet of cell membranes. Externalization of PS during cell activation is mediated by phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1) and has a central role in promoting blood coagulation. We investigated the underlying pathogenic status of thrombophilia in SLE by analyzing PLSCR1 expression on monocytes from patients with SLE.Methods.Sixty patients with SLE were evaluated. Twenty-three patients had antiphospholipid syndrome (APS/SLE). Plasma D-dimer levels were measured as a marker of fibrin turnover. The cDNA encoding human PLSCR1 was cloned from the total RNA extract from monocytes, and independent clones were sequenced. PLSCR1 mRNA expression in CD14+ cells was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. PS exposure on CD14+ cell surface was analyzed by flow cytometry.Results.Elevated D-dimer levels were found in plasma from SLE patients. Three splice variants of PLSCR1 mRNA were identified in all subjects, and levels of full-length PLSCR1 mRNA were significantly increased in SLE compared to healthy controls (2.9 ± 1.5 vs 1.3 ± 0.4, respectively; p < 0.0001). Flow-cytometry analysis showed relative enhancement of PS exposure in the surface of CD14+ cells in SLE patients compared to healthy controls.Conclusion.Novel PLSCR1 splice variants were identified. Monocytes in SLE patients had enhanced PLSCR1 mRNA expression, as well as increased fibrin turnover and cell-surface PS exposure, indicating that PLSCR1 may, in part, contribute to the prothrombotic tendency in SLE.
Que faire du siècle de Louis XIV ?
Authors: Zékian Stéphane 
Published: June 2010

Cet article étudie la réception du Siècle de Louis XIV de Voltaire sous le premier Empire et au début de la Restauration. On montre en particulier que cet ouvrage force les publicistes et critiques du temps à un curieux échange des rôles : d’un côté, les ennemis du philosophe en font leur référence favorite ; de l’autre, ses disciples prennent leurs distances avec un texte dont l’héritage paraît trop délicat à endosser. On illustre les principaux aspects de ce renversement, dont on essaie également d’analyser les raisons et de mesurer la portée.
Le livre et ses lecteurs dans les Rougon-Macquart.
Authors: Anfray Clélia 
Published: June 2010

La question de la lecture véhicule, dans le cycle des Rougon-Macquart , une idéologie sociale et marxiste, — justifier un ordre social existant —, mais aussi un certain nombre de préjugés bourgeois et machistes – notamment celui de la domination masculine. Deux idéologies sont ainsi à l’œuvre dans le cycle : celle des personnages dont le romancier décode les mécanismes et dénonce les abus sociaux ; celle de Zola lui-même, trahissant une autre forme de domination, non plus sociale cette fois, mais sexuelle. Parallèlement à un discours sur la littérature opposant clairement les lecteurs bourgeois, populaires et intellectuels, le livre et la bibliothèque – en tant qu’objets – matérialisent cette distinction de classe. La lectrice, quant à elle, n’a guère de moyen de s’émanciper de son milieu social, y compris par la lecture, tandis cette dernière est justement ce qui parvient à libérer le lecteur masculin.
Platonisme dans l'œuvre de Jean-Paul de Dadelsen
Authors: Guyot-Rouge Gaëlle 
Published: June 2010

L’œuvre de Jean-Paul de Dadelsen nous est parvenue essentiellement par l’intermédiaire d’un volume de poésie, publié chez Gallimard en 1962 sous le titre de Jonas, puis réédité en 2005, dans une version qui adjoint au précédent corpus un nouvel ensemble de textes. Écrite dans l’urgence, cette œuvre poignante évoque avec la même vigueur l’enfance alsacienne, la Seconde Guerre mondiale et le cancer dont meurt Dadelsen en 1957. Bien qu’intime et autobiographique, la poésie de Dadelsen dialogue avec divers corpus philosophiques, parmi lesquels la tradition platonicienne. Ce lien se manifeste sur le plan de la topologie et de la cosmologie que dessine Jonas , mais aussi de la psychologie que suppose le recueil — entendue au sens de science des âmes ; en dernier lieu, l’Éros dadelsenien, puissance ambiguë, paraît comparable, dans une certaine mesure, à l’Éros platonicien.
De tinian à Clarens, les enjeux du retour de Saint-Preux
Authors: Roulin Jean-Marie 
Published: June 2010

La Nouvelle Héloïse est structurée en deux grandes moitiés, entre lesquelles le voyage de Saint-Preux aux îles de Tinian et de Juan Fernandez dessine une ligne de partage. La deuxième moitié est placée sous le signe du retour. Or, contrairement aux voyageurs des Lumières, Saint-Preux ne ramène pas une expérience de l’ailleurs. Rousseau déplace l’accent : le retour engage une expérience de la répétition, qui provoque une « révolution de l’être », au double sens de « révolution » : retour de l’astre au même point et changement brutal. Cette révolution produit un rapport nouveau à Julie, au paysage, à la communauté politique. Dans cette appréhension du retour, Rousseau reprend la réflexion esthétique qu’il avait développée sur la musique : les « coups redoublés », générés par la reprise sont définis comme le lieu même de l’ébranlement. Par là, La Nouvelle Héloïse donne une nouvelle et féconde ampleur au « retour ».
« Tout vit, tout agit, tout se correspond ».
Authors: Mizuno Hisashi 
Published: June 2010

Chez Gérard de Nerval, dire sa propre folie est un acte poétique par excellence. Dans Aurélia , il crée une écriture autobiographique de la folie qui se calque à s’y méprendre sur le langage des aliénés et, à travers l’évocation de ses expériences de l’aliénation, cherche à explorer les rapports complexes entre le monde réel et l’autre monde entrevu au cours de ses visions insensées et chimériques. Et en les présentant comme sa « descente aux enfers » à la suite des modèles poétiques dans la tradition littéraire occidentale depuis Homère et Virgile, il tente de présenter une vision du monde rendue harmonieuse par son écriture, traitant de la folie à la première personne. La dernière folie de Nerval, celle de se croire poète, consiste à se faire voyant de l’infini, mais surtout à exprimer poétiquement la fusion du moi et de la nature dans le Grand Tout.
Sur La Barque silencieuse, de Pascal Quignard
Authors: Cousin de Ravel Agnès 
Published: June 2010

Peut-on être libre dans notre monde contemporain ? Comment penser la liberté au regard des codes que la société impose ? Plus encore, comment être libre au regard des deux événements déterminants que personne ne maîtrise : la naissance et la mort ? Pascal Quignard, dans La barque silencieuse , paru en septembre 2009, propose à ses lecteurs une réflexion politique sur la liberté. Être libre, c’est exercer sa vigilance critique, c’est aussi penser le « Un jour mourir » jusque dans l’acceptation du suicide. C’est encore se retirer dans la solitude pour lire. Non dans une perspective philosophique mais à partir d’événements qui l’ont marqué, de ses lectures, au gré de sa passion pour l’étymologie, Pascal Quignard, dans un style épuré, rend un d’hommage lucide et sans concession à la vie et invite ses lecteurs à penser à sa suite la question ontologique de l’avant et de l’après vie, au fil de leurs rêves et de leurs expériences.
Crédibilité, croyance, confiance.
Authors: Mariani Zini Fosca 
Published: June 2010

On voudrait interroger ici le propos de Cicéron, selon lequel l ’ argument est « rationem quae dubiae faciat fidem », afin d ’ étudier le lien particulier qui est établi entre la preuve et la croyance, sans réduire celle-ci à un effet psychologique, celle-là à une raison que l ’ on serait obligé d ’ accepter.
Small‐scale turbulence and vertical mixing in Lake Baikal
Authors: Ravens Thomas M. , Kocsis Otti , Wüest Alfred , Granin N. 
Published: June 2010

The water column of Lake Baikal is extremely weakly#x2014;but permanently—stratified below 250 m. Despite the thickness of this relatively stagnant water mass of more than 1000 m, the water age (time since last contact with the atmosphere) is only slightly more than a decade, indicating large‐scale advective exchange. In the stratified deep water, the fate of water constituents is determined by the combined action of advective processes (deep‐water intrusions) and small‐scale turbulent vertical diffusion.Here, vertical diffusivity is addressed through the analysis of 25 temperature microstructure profiles collected in the three major basins of Lake Baikal to a depth of 600 m. In addition, in the 1,432‐m deep south basin, monthly CTD profiles and a two year record of near‐bottom currents were analyzed. Balancing turbulent kinetic energy and small‐scale temperature variance leads to the conclusions that (1) vertical diffusivity in the stratified deep water ranges from 10–90 × 10‐4 m‐2 s‐1 (between 600 and 250 m), which is three orders of magnitude more than estimated by Killworth et al. (1996), (2) the mixing efficiency is ∼0.16, comparable to that found in stronger stratification (e.g., the ocean interior), (3) turbulence under ice decays with a time scale of 40 ± 2 d and (4) the interior of the permanently stratified deep water below 250 m and the bottom boundary layer contribute roughly equally to the TKE production. The latter implies, that mixing in the deep water of Lake Baikal's three sub‐basins is dominated by bottom boundary mixing as found in smaller lakes and ocean basins.
High DON bioavailability in boreal streams during a spring flood
Authors: Stepanauskas Ramūnas , Laudon Hjalmar , Jørgensen Niels O. G. 
Published: June 2010

Riverine inputs of nitrogen is an important factor that controls productivity of coastal marine waters. Dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) comprises most of the N in boreal rivers. During spring floods, DON flux may exceed the baseflow flux by several orders of magnitude. However, little is known about the biological availability of spring flood DON and, thus, its potential effect on coastal productivity.We have investigated the dynamics of DON bioavailability and chemical composition during a spring flood in two streams in northern Sweden. Potential bioavailability was determined by employing bacterial regrowth bioassays with brackish medium and a coastal bacterial inoculum. In addition, concentrations of urea and amino acids and the proportion of D‐isomers in total dissolved amino acids were analyzed because a high proportion of D‐isomers is suggested to indicate old and refractory organic material.During the flood, potential DON bioavailability increased from 19–28% at baseflow to 55–45% during peak flow in the two streams, while DON concentration remained relatively constant. At the end of the flood, bioavailability returned to the baseflow values. Potential DON bioavailability was positively correlated with the concentration of dissolved combined amino acids and the proportion of L‐enantiomers of amino acids. However, only 5–18% of DON was identified as urea and free and combined amino acids, suggesting that bacteria also utilized other DON compounds. Our results imply that a major portion of the annual export of labile nitrogen occurred during a few weeks of spring flood.
Atmospheric CO2 evasion, dissolved inorganic carbon production, and net heterotrophy in the York River estuary
Authors: Raymond Peter A. , Bauer James E. , Cole Jonathan J. 
Published: June 2010

Direct measurements of the partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) were made over a 2‐yr period in surface waters of the York River estuary in Virginia. The pCO2 in surface waters exceeded that in the overlying atmosphere, indicating that the estuary was a net source of CO2 to the atmosphere at most times and locations. Salinity‐based DIC mixing curves indicate there was also an internal source of both DIC and alkalinity, implying net alkalinity generation within the estuary. The DIC and alkalinity source displayed seasonal patterns similar to that of pCO2 and were reproducible over a 2‐yr study period.We propose that the source of inorganic carbon necessary for both the sustained CO2 evasion to the atmosphere and the advective export of DIC is respiration in excess of primary production (e.g., net heterotrophy). The rates of CO2 evasion and DIC export were estimated to provide an annual rate of net heterotrophy of ~100 g C m−2 yr−1. Approximately 40% of this excess inorganic carbon production was exported as DIC to the coastal ocean, whereas 60% was lost as CO2 evasion to the atmosphere. The alkalinity generation needed to sustain the export of inorganic carbon, as HCO3− , is most likely provided by net sulfate reduction in sediments. Accumulation of sulfide in the sediments of a representative site directly adjacent to the York River estuary is sufficient to account for the net export of alkalinity. The seasonality of net heterotrophy causes large variations in annual CO2 and DIC concentrations, and it stresses the need for comprehensive temporal data sets when reporting annual rates of CO2 evasion, DIC advection, and net heterotrophy.