bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of CD4+CD8+ Double positive T‐lymphocyte phenotype and function in Indian patients infected with HIV‐1
Authors: Chauhan Neeraj K. , Vajpayee Madhu , Mojumdar Kamalika , Singh Ravinder , Singh Alpana 
Published: April 2012

AbstractCD4+CD8+ double positive T cells represent a minor peripheral blood lymphocyte population. CD4+ expression on CD8+ T cells is induced following cellular activation, and as chronic HIV‐1 infection is associated with generalized immune activation, double positive T cells studies have become necessary to understand the immunopathology of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The frequency of double positive T cells in persons infected with HIV was studied in comparison to uninfected controls. Further, the expression of CD38, HLA‐DR, and programmed death (PD)‐1 on these cells were ascertained. HIV‐1 specific double positive T cells were also studied for their cytokine secretory ability and phenotype. A significantly higher double positive cell population was observed in the patients with advanced HIV disease (CD4+ T cell counts below 200 cells/µl), as compared to patients with CD4+ T cell counts above 500 cells/µl. Double positive T cells from patients with symptomatic HIV disease had a significantly increased activation and exhaustion levels, compared to asymptomatic subjects and to single positive T cells from the same subjects. HIV‐1 specific double positive T cells showed further increase in CD38 and PD‐1 expression levels. The proportion of CD38 and PD‐1 expressing total and HIV‐1 specific double positive T cells correlated positively with HIV‐1 plasma viremia and negatively with CD4+ T cell counts. HIV infection results in a marked increase of double positive T cell population, and this cell population shows higher level of activation and exhaustion (increased PD‐1 expression) compared to the single positive CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. J. Med. Virol. 84:845–856, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Clinical and virological characteristics of hepatitis B or C virus co‐infection with HIV in Indonesian patients
Authors: Anggorowati Nungki , Yano Yoshihiko , Heriyanto Didik Setyo , Rinonce Hanggoro Tri , Utsumi Takako , Mulya Deshinta Putri , Subronto Yanri Wijayanti , Hayashi Yoshitake 
Published: April 2012

AbstractHepatitis virus‐related liver disease increases substantially the mortality rate of patients with HIV on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Therefore, early diagnosis of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) is important. However, the prevalence of HBV and HCV infection in Indonesian patients infected with HIV is unknown. Therefore, this study examined the molecular and clinical characteristics of HBV and HCV in 126 patients infected with HIV, mostly on HAART, at Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The rates of triple infection, HIV/HCV co‐infection, HIV/HBV co‐infection, and mono‐infection were 4.8%, 34.1%, 3.2%, and 57.9%, respectively. Seven HCV genotypes were detected, with genotypes 1a, 1b, 1c, 3a, 3k, 4a, and 6n found in 23 (52%), 1 (2%), 4 (9%), 5 (11%), 7 (16%), 3 (6%), and 1 (2%) patients, respectively, indicating multiple modes of transmission. HBV‐DNA was detected in 2/10 patients with hepatitis B surface antigen; both patients were HAART naive. Univariate analysis revealed that male sex, higher education level, injection drug use, sexual contact, alanine aminotransferase ≥40 IU/L, and aspartate aminotransferase‐to‐platelet ratio index > 0.5 were associated with HCV co‐infection. In multivariate analysis, injection drug use (OR: 26.52; 95% CI: 3.52–199.54) and alanine aminotransferase ≥40 IU/L (OR: 6.36; 95% CI: 1.23–32.89) were independently associated with HCV co‐infection. HCV co‐infection was common among Indonesian patients infected with HIV, particularly among injecting drug users, and was a risk factor for disease progression of HIV. J. Med. Virol. 84:857–865, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Olfaction‐associated quality of life in chronic rhinosinusitis: Adaptation and validation of an olfaction‐specific questionnaire
Authors: Simopoulos Efthimios , Katotomichelakis Michael , Gouveris Haralampos , Tripsianis Gregory , Livaditis Miltos , Danielides Vassilios 
Published: April 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To detect validity and reliability of the Questionnaire of Olfactory Disorders (QOD) compared to other quality‐of‐life (QoL) questionnaires, to explore its ability to reflect olfaction‐related QoL changes, and to investigate age‐ and gender‐related effects of olfactory changes on QOD results.Study Design:Prospective clinical study.Methods:One hundred two patients (56 males, 46 females; mean age, 41.15 ± 16.31 years), suffering from chronic rhinosinusitis, whose olfactory function was measured using Sniffin' Sticks test were studied. All patients completed three validated general health‐related QoL questionnaires (Short Form‐36 Health Survey [SF‐36], Beck Depression Inventory [BDI], and Zung anxiety scale), and the olfaction‐related QOD.Results:Internal consistency and test‐retest reliability for the QOD was high. Convergent validity assessment showed statistically significant negative correlations of the QOD and the QOD‐negative statements (NS) with overall SF‐36 score (P < .05 for all groups) and positive correlations of the same scores with BDI and Zung (P < .001). The QOD‐positive statements (PS) was positively correlated to SF‐36. Discriminative validity demonstrated statistically significant differences of the QOD and QOD‐NS scores between all groups of patients (normosmics, hyposmics, anosmics; all pairwise comparisons, P < .001). The QOD‐PS score was significantly higher in normosmics and hyposmics compared to anosmics. Patients' age was negatively correlated with the QOD‐PS, whereas it was positively correlated with BDI (P < .001) and Zung (P = .007). Females presented significantly higher scores in the QOD, QOD‐NS, BDI, and Zung (all P < .001) compared to males.Conclusions:The QOD proved to be a valid, reliable, and easy‐to‐use method of assessment of olfaction‐related QoL with high specificity and sensitivity. Laryngoscope, 2012
Head and neck solitary fibrous tumors: Diagnostic and therapeutic challenges
Authors: Bowe Sarah N. , Wakely Paul E. , Ozer Enver 
Published: April 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Head and neck solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs) are quite rare, with <200 cases reported in the literature. The purpose of this study was to analyze the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of this rare disease while reporting the largest head and neck case series.Study Design:Retrospective review.Methods:Between 1991 and 2011, 13 cases of head and neck SFTs from the pathology database were identified. Demographic, clinical, radiologic, and pathologic data were then abstracted and compiled for review.Results:SFT presented nearly equally as asymptomatic slow‐growing masses or with local symptoms due to compression. All tumors imaged by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging with contrast showed a well‐defined strongly enhancing mass. Two patients had evidence of bone erosion on imaging, but no histopathologic features of malignancy. Treatment consisted of surgical resection and in two cases postoperative radiation. Two patients had pathologic findings of malignancy, but are alive without recurrence at 26 and 51 months follow‐up. Two patients had recurrence, one with paraspinal disease and grossly positive surgical margins, and another with endoscopic resection and poor margin control.Conclusions:SFTs of the head and neck are exceedingly rare and those with aggressive behavior even more so. Diagnosis is often difficult and not definitive until morphologic and immunohistochemical evaluation is performed. In most cases, complete surgical excision is the only necessary treatment. Although in patients with malignant components or positive surgical margins, adjuvant radiation may be beneficial. Regardless, all patients require close clinical follow‐up for several years. Laryngoscope, 2012
A novel advancement flap for reconstruction of massive forehead and temple soft‐tissue defects
Authors: Huang Andrew Tsao , Tarasidis George , Yelverton Joshua Calvin , Burke Alan 
Published: April 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To describe the authors' experience with an extended deep‐plane cervicofacial (EDPCF) advancement flap, a modification of the deep‐plane cervicofacial flap, for reconstruction of large forehead and temple soft‐tissue defects.Study Design:Case series at a tertiary referral medical center.Methods:The charts of 11 consecutive patients who underwent EDPCF flap surgery for reconstruction of forehead and temple skin cancer defects were reviewed for demographics, smoking status, defect size, length of surgery and hospitalization, American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Classification (ASA) grade, and postoperative complications.Results:All patients had reconstruction of large forehead and temple defects following either primary resection or Mohs micrographic surgery for skin cancer. No skin grafting was required for secondary defects. The average defect size was 52.2 cm2. Patient ages averaged 74 years with a median ASA grade of 3. Thirty‐six percent of patients admitted to smoking. Average operative time was 100 minutes, with 82% of patients treated on an outpatient basis. There were no complications of ectropion or facial nerve injury encountered. Partial distal flap necrosis occurred in one patient who admitted to smoking and resolved with conservative management.Conclusions:The EDCPF flap is a robust flap with a dual arterial supply and both rotation and advancement components. It is ideal in frail patients with good soft‐tissue laxity and provides an immediate one‐stage reconstruction with ideal skin color, texture, and thickness matches for large forehead and temple defects.
Measuring sleep quality after adenotonsillectomy in pediatric sleep apnea
Authors: Lee Seung Hoon , Choi Ji Ho , Park Il Ho , Lee Sang Hag , Kim Tae Hoon , Lee Heung Man , Park Hee‐Kwon , Thomas Robert J. , Shin Chol , Yun Chang‐Ho 
Published: April 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:The aim of this study was to demonstrate postoperative changes in sleep quality in children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), using both conventional sleep staging and electrocardiogram‐based cardiopulmonary coupling (CPC) analysis. The hypothesis is that being electroencephalography (EEG)‐independent, CPC may detect changes in sleep quality that traditional sleep architecture analysis cannot.Study Design:Retrospective outcome research.Methods:We included 37 children (aged 6.89 ± 2.76 years, 28 male) with OSA who underwent adenotonsillectomy, and analyzed standard polysomnography and CPC parameters from a full‐night study before and after adenotonsillectomy. High‐frequency coupling (HFC) and low‐frequency coupling (LFC) were used as indices of stable and unstable sleep, respectively.Results:Adenotonsillectomy led to a significant change in CPC parameters (HFC, 50.3 ± 16.1% to 56.1 ± 14.7%, P = .03; LFC, 35.1 ± 14.5% to 27.3 ± 13.0%, P = .003), which was paralleled by improvements in the apnea‐hypopnea (12.7 ± 13.7 to 1.0 ± 0.8, P < .001) and arousal index (20.8 ± 11.5 to 9.9 ± 3.9, P < .001). Polysomnographic sleep stage parameters other than the arousal index did not reflect postoperative resolution of OSA.Conclusions:In pediatric OSA, postoperative improvement of sleep quality is more readily discernible by CPC analysis than EEG‐based sleep staging. The CPC analysis may have potential advantages in the assessment of sleep quality in pediatric populations.
Cap‐Dependent Translation Initiation Factor eIF4E: An Emerging Anticancer Drug Target
Authors: Jia Yan , Polunovsky Vitaly , Bitterman Peter B. , Wagner Carston R. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractCancer cells tend to be more highly dependent on cap‐dependent translation than normal tissues. Thus, proteins involved in the initiation of cap‐dependent translation have emerged as potential anti‐cancer drug targets. Cap‐dependent translation is initiated by the binding of the factor eIF4E to the cap domain of mRNA. Detailed x‐ray crystal and NMR structures are available for eIF4E in association with cap‐analogs, as well as domains of other initiation factors. This review will summarize efforts to design potential antagonist of eIF4E that could be used as new pharmacological tools and anti‐cancer agents and. Insights drawn from these studies should aid in the design of future inhibitors of eIF4E dependent translation initiation. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev., 32, No. 4, 786‐814, 2012
Green tea (–)‐epigallocatechin gallate inhibits IGF‐I and IGF‐IIstimulation of 3T3‐L1 preadipocyte mitogenesis via the 67‐kDa laminin receptor, but not AMP‐activated protein kinase pathway
Authors: Ku Hui‐Chen , Liu Hang‐Seng , Hung Pei‐Fang , Chen Chia‐Lin , Liu Hsien‐Chun , Chang Hsin‐Huei , Tsuei Yi‐Wei , Shih Li‐Jane , Lin Ching‐Ling , Lin Chih‐Ming , Kao Yung‐Hsi 
Published: April 2012

ScopeThis study investigated the pathways involved in epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) modulation of insulin‐like growth factor (IGF)‐I‐stimulated and IGF‐II‐stimulated mitogenesis in 3T3‐L1 preadipocytes.Methods and resultsWe found that this process was dose and time dependent, and caused by suppression of IGF‐I‐stimulated and IGF‐II‐stimulated phosphorylation of p66Shc and mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway proteins, including MEK1 kinase (RAF1), extracellular signal‐regulated protein kinase (ERK) kinase (MEK1), and ERK 1 and ERK 2 (ERK1/2), but not phospho‐Jun‐N‐terminal kinase, protein kinase B, p52Shc, or p46Shc. Furthermore, EGCGinhibited the IGF‐I‐stimulated phosphorylation of the IGF‐I receptor‐beta (IGF‐IR β), the association of IGF‐IRwith the p66Shc protein, and the IGF‐II‐stimulated associations of the IGF‐IIreceptor with Gαi‐2 and p66Shc proteins, suggesting that EGCGselectively affects particular types of Shc and MAPKfamily members. Pretreatment with antiserum against the EGCGreceptor (also known as the 67‐kDa laminin receptor; 67LR), but not with an adenosine monophosphate (AMP)‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) inhibitor, prevented the inhibitory actions of EGCGon IGF‐I‐ and IGF‐II‐stimulated ERK1/2 phosphorylation and subsequent preadipocyte proliferation.ConclusionThe results of this study suggest that EGCGmediates anti‐IGF‐I and anti‐IGF‐IIsignals in preadipocyte mitogenesis via the 67LR but not the AMPKpathway.
Trypsin resistance of the major peanut allergen Ara h 6 and allergenicity of the digestion products are abolished after selective disruption of disulfide bonds
Authors: Hazebrouck Stéphane , Guillon Blanche , Drumare Marie‐Françoise , Paty Evelyne , Wal Jean‐Michel , Bernard Hervé 
Published: April 2012

Scope2S‐albumins Ara h 2 and Ara h 6 are the most widely recognized and potent allergens for peanut‐allergic patients. These allergens are particularly resistant to proteolysis and the digestion products generally retain significant allergenicity. Five disulfide bridges (DB) stabilize Ara h 6 overall structure and their influence on the trypsin resistance and on the allergenicity of the digestion products was investigated.Methods and resultsProgressive disruption of each DB was performed by site‐directed mutagenesis. Successful refolding of Ara h 6 variants was confirmed by circular dichroism. Trypsin resistance, IgE‐binding capacity and allergenic potency, as assessed by in vitro mediator release assay with sera from peanut‐allergic patients, was not affected by the deletion of the C‐terminal DB at Cys84‐Cys124. Additional disruption of DB at Cys14‐Cys71 or at Cys73‐Cys115 rendered Arg16/20 or Arg114 susceptible to trypsinolysis, respectively, but affected principally the IgE‐binding capacity of Ara h 6. DB disruption at Cys26‐Cys58 or at Cys59‐Cys107 led to an extensive proteolytic degradation and a complete loss of allergenic potency of the digestion products.ConclusionSelective disruption of the DB stabilizing the protease‐resistant core of Ara h 6 eliminated the IgE‐binding capacity of the trypsin‐degradation products and their ability to trigger mast cell degranulation.
Nutraceutical‐mediated restoration of wild‐type levels of IKBKAP‐encoded IKAP protein in familial dysautonomia‐derived cells
Authors: Anderson Sylvia L. , Liu Bo , Qiu Jinsong , Sturm Andrea J. , Schwartz Jamie A. , Peters Austin J. , Sullivan Kerry A. , Rubin Berish Y. 
Published: April 2012

ScopeThe reported ability to modulate the production of the wild‐type transcript in cells bearing the splice‐altering familial dysautonomia (FD)‐causing mutation in the IKBKAP gene prompted an evaluation of the impact of commonly consumed nutraceuticals on the splicing of this transcript.Methods and resultsScreening efforts revealed the ability of the isoflavones, genistein, and daidzein, to impact splicing and increase the production of the wild‐type, exon‐20‐containing, transcript, and the full‐length IKBKAP‐encoded IΚB kinase complex associated protein(IKAP) in FD‐derived cells. Genistein was also found to impact splicing in neuronal cells, a cell type profoundly impacted by FD. The simultaneous exposure of FD‐derived cells to genistein and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) resulted in the almost exclusive production of the exon‐20‐containing transcript and the production of wild‐type amounts of IKAP protein.ConclusionThis study represents the first demonstration that the isoflavones, genistein and daidzein, possess splice‐altering capabilities and that simultaneous treatment with genistein and EGCG reverses the splice‐altering impact of the FD‐causing mutation. These findings support the clinical evaluation of the therapeutic impact of the combined administration of these two commonly consumed nutraceuticals on this patient population and suggest a broader evaluation of the impact of these nutraceuticals on the in vivo RNA splicing process.
Ability of tetraploid rat blastocysts to support fetal development after complementation with embryonic stem cells
Authors: Hirabayashi Masumi , Tamura Chihiro , Sanbo Makoto , Goto Teppei , Kato‐Itoh Megumi , Kobayashi Toshihiro , Nakauchi Hiromitsu , Hochi Shinichi 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThis study was undertaken to generate rat offspring via tetraploid blastocyst complementation with embryonic stem (ES) cells. Tetraploid blastocysts were prepared by electrofusion of blastomeres from two‐cell stage embryos, and subsequent in vivo culture for 4 days. Microinjection into the tetraploid blastocoel of an inner cell mass isolated by immunosurgery resulted in the generation of rat offspring, suggesting the successful contribution of tetraploid blastocysts to their placenta. Tetraploid blastocyst complementation was attempted with a total of 4 ES cell lines (2 lines of female karyotype and 2 lines of male karyotype). In the rESWIv‐3i‐5 (XX) cell line, normal‐sized fetuses with heartbeats were harvested on E11.5 (12.1%), E12.5 (9.5%), and E13.5 (9.1%), but no viable fetuses were detected on E14.5. Similarly, use of the rESWIv‐3i‐1 (XX) cell line resulted in no viable fetus production on E14.5. Using the rESBLK2i‐1 (XY) cell line, viable fetuses were harvested not only on E11.5–E13.5 (2.6–5.5%), but also on E14.5 (3.0%). The transfer of a total of 487 tetraploid blastocysts complemented with rESBLK2i‐1 cells resulted in 256 implantation sites (52.6%) on E21.5, but no viable offspring was detected. Use of the rESBLK2i‐1/huKO (XY) cell line also resulted in no viable offspring production on E21.5. Analyses of the methylation pattern in differentially methylated regions and transcript level of genes that are imprinted in mice (H19, Meg3, Igf2r, Peg5, and Peg10) in the E14.5 conceptuses indicated a marked difference between the ES cell‐derived and control normal fetuses, but not between the tetraploid and control diploid placenta. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 79:402–412, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Current Management of Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Singh Manoj K. , Facciuto Marcelo E. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractCholangiocarcinoma is the second most common primary hepatobiliary malignancy after hepatocellular carcinoma and remains among the most difficult management problems faced by surgeons. Curative surgery is achieved in only 25% to 30% of patients. Local tumor extent, such as portal vein invasion and hepatic lobar atrophy, does not preclude resection. Long‐term survival has been seen only in patients who underwent extensive liver resections, suggesting that bile‐duct excision alone is less effective. The majority of patients have unresectable disease, with 20% to 30% incidence of distant metastasis at presentation. Unresectable patients should be referred for nonsurgical biliary decompression, and in potential curative resection candidates the use of biliary stents should be reduced. Liver transplantation provides the option of wide resection margins, expanding the indication of surgical intervention for selected patients who otherwise are not surgical candidates due to lack of functional hepatic reserve. Mt Sinai J Med 79:232–245, 2012. © 2012 Mount Sinai School of Medicine
Recurrent Hepatitis C After Liver Transplantation
Authors: Sheiner Patricia , Rochon Caroline 
Published: April 2012

AbstractInfection with hepatitis C virus is the most common indication for liver transplantation in the United States. Although recurrence of hepatitis C virus infection is universal following transplantation, the natural history of posttransplantation hepatitis C varies. In general, however, posttransplant hepatitis C virus infection progresses relatively quickly, with 10%–20% of patients developing cirrhosis within 5 years. Risk factors for severe recurrent hepatitis C include donor age, female sex, treatment of rejection, preservation injury, and high viral load pretransplant or early posttransplant. Type of allograft, infection with cytomegalovirus, or type of calcineurin inhibitor used may not play a role. Treatment with interferon + ribavirin in recurrent hepatitis C virus shows mixed results. Sustained virologic response has been observed in only 8%–30% of patients, and side effects of these medications are considerable. Protease inhibitors are not yet approved for the posttransplant population, but clinical trials are under way. Mt Sinai J Med 79:190–198, 2012. © 2012 Mount Sinai School of Medicine
Long‐Term Outcome After Liver Transplantation
Authors: Lim Kieron B. L. , Schiano Thomas D. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractLiver transplantation is a life‐saving therapy for patients with end‐stage liver disease, acute liver failure, and liver tumors. Over the past 4 decades, improvements in surgical techniques, peritransplant intensive care, and immunosuppressive regimens have resulted in significant improvements in short‐term survival. Focus has now shifted to addressing long‐term complications and improving quality of life in liver recipients. These include adverse effects of immunosuppression; recurrence of the primary liver disease; and management of diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, renal dysfunction, osteoporosis, and de novo malignancy. Issues such as posttransplant depression, employment, sexual function, fertility, and pregnancy must not be overlooked, as they have a direct impact on the liver recipient's quality of life. This review summarizes the latest data in long‐term outcome after liver transplantation. Mt Sinai J Med 79:169–189, 2012. © 2012 Mount Sinai School of Medicine