bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SPEECH: Seize the Day!
Authors: Wong D.T. 
Published: April 2010

Good afternoon. I am David Wong, President-elect of the American Association for Dental Research, and it’s my pleasure to welcome you to the 2010 joint Annual Meetings of the AADR and the Canadian Association for Dental Research. I would like to extend a special welcome to our new members and the students who are joining us this year. I hope that each of you finds the next few days informative and stimulating. There has never been a more important time for health care professionals to gather to discuss what we do and how we do it . . . because there has never been a time when health care has been so much in the forefront of our minds as individuals and as a nation. It is critical for us to ensure that we, as oral health specialists, are part of that conversation, because our research is increasingly being recognized as a key to unlocking not just oral and craniofacial diseases, but systemic issues as well. It is now abundantly clear that while oral and craniofacial abnormalities make up one piece of the body’s complex puzzle, they are, in many ways, a mirror of the entire system. Just as we have learned that each part of the body has an effect on the entire system, we are also realizing that there is no one-size-fits-all way to diagnose and treat diseases. Both in our own field of dentistry and in other disciplines, individualized medicine is certain to be one of the most important concepts in health care research in the coming years. Dr. Francis Collins, the new Director of NIH, authored a Policy Forum article in the January issue of Science for “Opportunities for Research and NIH”, where he detailed five areas of opportunity he sees as holding particular promise for NIH: high-throughput technologies, translational medicine, benefiting health care reform, focusing more on global health, and reinvigorating and empowering the biomedical research community. These are the opportunities we need to seize to advance oral health research, dentistry and global health. Thank you all for being here. I hope that each of you will come away from this week with new information about the breakthroughs our colleagues are making . . . and a renewed dedication to the important contributions we are making to the health of our nation and the world.
TightRope Versus Fiber Mesh Tape Augmentation of Acromioclavicular Joint Reconstruction
Authors: Zooker Chad C. , Parks Brent G. , White Kacey L. , Hinton Richard Y. 
Published: April 2010

Background: The standard Weaver-Dunn reconstruction of the acromioclavicular (AC) joint does not provide adequate superoinferior or anteroposterior stability. Augmentation methods such as tape cerclage have been described. A new method of augmentation with the Arthrex TightRope is available. Hypothesis: A Weaver-Dunn reconstruction augmented with the TightRope will provide superior superoinferior and anteroposterior stability to the AC joint as compared with a Weaver-Dunn reconstruction augmented with Mersilene fiber tape cerclage. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Six matched pairs of cadaveric shoulders underwent Weaver-Dunn AC joint reconstructions and were randomly assigned to receive either the TightRope device or tape cerclage augmentation. Translation in 2 planes was measured in the intact state under load and after 1 load cycle and 2000 load cycles. Results: TightRope-augmented repair showed less superoinferior translation (mean ± standard error) than cerclage-augmented repair in initially repaired (1.6 ± 0.1 mm vs 5.0 ± 1.1 mm, P = 0.03) and cyclically loaded (2.1 ± 0.1 mm vs 5.8 ± 1.2 mm, P = 0.02) conditions. TightRope repairs were stiffer than the native ligaments in the superoinferior plane. Less anteroposterior translation was observed with TightRope versus cerclage augmentation (initially repaired, 6.8 ± 0.4 mm vs 18.8 ± 2.6 mm, P < 0.001; cycled, 15.0 ± 1.4 mm vs 28.3 ± 2.7 mm, P = 0.01), but neither method maintained normal anteroposterior laxity after 1500 cycles compared with the intact state. Conclusion: Superoinferior and anteroposterior translation with TightRope augmentation was lower than with tape cerclage. Clinical Relevance: TightRope augmentation of a Weaver-Dunn procedure could provide increased protection for AC joint reconstruction, allowing for earlier mobilization and more aggressive early rehabilitation. The potential clinical effect of additional tightening in the superoinferior direction beyond that of the native joint remains an issue for further study.
Comparison of Single- and Double-Bundle Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstructions in Restoration of Knee Kinematics and Anterior Cruciate Ligament Forces
Authors: Seon Jong Keun , Gadikota Hemanth R. , Wu Jia-Lin , Sutton Karen , Gill Thomas J. , Li Guoan 
Published: April 2010

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) deficiency alters 6 degrees of freedom knee kinematics, yet only anterior translation and internal rotation have been the primary measures in previous studies. Purpose: To compare the 6 degrees of freedom knee kinematics and the graft forces after single- and double-bundle ACL reconstructions under various external loading conditions. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Ten human cadaveric knees were tested with a robotic testing system under 4 conditions: intact, ACL deficient, single-bundle reconstructed with a quadrupled hamstring tendon graft, and double-bundle reconstructed with 2 looped hamstring tendon grafts. Knee kinematics and forces of the ACL or ACL graft in each knee were measured under 3 loading conditions: an anterior tibial load of 134 N, a simulated quadriceps muscle load of 400 N, and combined tibial torques (10 N·m valgus and 5 N·m internal tibial torques) at 0°, 15°, 30°, 60°, and 90° of knee flexion. Results: The double-bundle reconstruction restored the anterior and medial laxities closer to the intact knee than the single-bundle reconstruction. However, the internal rotation of the tibia under the simulated quadriceps muscle load was significantly decreased when compared with the intact knee after both reconstructions, more so after double-bundle reconstruction ( P < .05). The entire graft force of the double-bundle reconstruction was more similar to that of the intact ACL than that of the single-bundle reconstruction. However, the posterolateral bundle graft in the double-bundle reconstructed knee was overloaded as compared with the intact posterolateral bundle. Conclusion: The double-bundle reconstruction can better restore the normal anterior-posterior and medial-lateral laxities than the single-bundle reconstruction can, but an overloading of the posterolateral bundle graft can occur in a double-bundle reconstructed knee. Clinical relevance: Both single-bundle and double-bundle techniques cannot restore the rotational laxities and the ACL force distributions of the intact knee.
Risk-adapted treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia based on all-trans retinoic acid and anthracycline with addition of cytarabine in consolidation therapy for high-risk patients: further improvements in treatment outcome
Authors: Sanz Miguel A. , Montesinos Pau , Rayón Chelo , Holowiecka Alexandra , de la Serna Javier , Milone Gustavo , de Lisa Elena , Brunet Salut , Rubio Vicente , Ribera José M. , Rivas Concha , Krsnik Isabel , Bergua Juan , González José , Díaz-Mediavilla Joaquín , Rojas Rafael , Manso Félix , Ossenkoppele Gert , González José D. , Lowenberg Bob 
Published: April 2010

AbstractA risk-adapted strategy based on all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and anthracycline monochemotherapy (PETHEMA LPA99 trial) has demonstrated a high antileukemic efficacy in acute promyelocytic leukemia. We designed a new trial (LPA2005) with the objective of achieving stepwise improvements in outcome. Between July 2005 and April 2009, low- and intermediate-risk patients (leukocytes < 10 × 109/L) received a reduced dose of mitoxantrone for the second consolidation course, whereas high- risk patients younger than 60 years of age received cytarabine combined with ATRA and idarubicin in the first and third consolidation courses. Of 372 patients attaining complete remission after ATRA plus idarubicin (92.5%), 368 proceeded to consolidation therapy. For low- and intermediate-risk patients, duration of neutropenia and thrombocytopenia and hospital stay were significantly reduced without sacrificing antileukemic efficacy, compared with the previous LPA99 trial. For high-risk patients, the 3-year relapse rate was significantly lower in the LPA2005 trial (11%) than in the LPA99 (26%; P = .03). Overall disease-free survival was also better in the LPA2005 trial (P = .04). In conclusion, the lower dose of mitoxantrone resulted in a significant reduction of toxicity and hospital stay while maintaining the antileukemic activity, and the combination of ATRA, idarubicin, and cytarabine for high-risk acute promyelocytic leukemia significantly reduced the relapse rate in this setting. Registered at http://www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00408278.
Rural health centres, communities and malaria case detection in Zambia using mobile telephones: a means to detect potential reservoirs of infection in unstable transmission conditions
Authors: Kamanga Aniset , Moono Petros , Stresman Gillian , Mharakurwa Sungano , Shiff Clive 
Published: April 2010

Abstract

Background
Effective malaria control depends on timely acquisition of information on new cases, their location and their frequency so as to deploy supplies, plan interventions or focus attention on specific locations appropriately to intervene and prevent an upsurge in transmission. The process is known as active case detection, but because the information is time sensitive, it is difficult to carry out. In Zambia, the rural health services are operating effectively and for the most part are provided with adequate supplies of rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) as well as effective drugs for the diagnosis and treatment of malaria. The tests are administered to all prior to treatment and appropriate records are kept. Data are obtained in a timely manner and distribution of this information is important for the effective management of malaria control operations. The work reported here involves combining the process of positive diagnoses in rural health centres (passive case detection) to help detect potential outbreaks of malaria and target interventions to foci where parasite reservoirs are likely to occur.

Methods
Twelve rural health centres in the Choma and Namwala Districts were recruited to send weekly information of rapid malaria tests used and number of positive diagnoses to the Malaria Institute at Macha using mobile telephone SMS. Data were entered in excel, expressed as number of cases per rural health centre and distributed weekly to interested parties.

Results
These data from each of the health centres which were mapped using geographical positioning system (GPS) coordinates were used in a time sensitive manner to plot the patterns of malaria case detection in the vicinity of each location. The data were passed on to the appropriate authorities. The seasonal pattern of malaria transmission associated with local ecological conditions can be seen in the distribution of cases diagnosed.

Conclusions
Adequate supplies of RDT are essential in health centres and the system can be expanded throughout the country to support strategic targeting of interventions by the National Malaria Control Programme. Participation by the health centre staff was excellent.
Targeting Hsp90 with small molecule inhibitors induces the over-expression of the anti-apoptotic molecule, survivin, in human A549, HONE-1 and HT-29 cancer cells
Authors: Cheung Chun Hei Antonio , Chen Huang-Hui , Cheng Li-Ting , Lyu Kevin W. , Kanwar Jagat R. , Chang Jang-Yang 
Published: April 2010

AbstractBackgroundSurvivin is a dual functioning protein. It inhibits the apoptosis of cancer cells by inhibiting caspases, and also promotes cancer cell growth by stabilizing microtubules during mitosis. Since the molecular chaperone Hsp90 binds and stabilizes survivin, it is widely believed that down-regulation of survivin is one of the important therapeutic functions of Hsp90 inhibitors such as the phase III clinically trialed compound 17-AAG. However, Hsp90 interferes with a number of molecules that up-regulate the intracellular level of survivin, raising the question that clinical use of Hsp90 inhibitors may indirectly induce survivin expression and subsequently enhance cancer anti-drug responses. The purpose of this study is to determine whether targeting Hsp90 can alter survivin expression differently in different cancer cell lines and to explore possible mechanisms that cause the alteration in survivin expression.ResultsHere, we demonstrated that Hsp90 inhibitors, geldanamycin and 17-AAG, induced the over-expression of survivin in three different human cancer cell lines as shown by Western blotting. Increased survivin mRNA transcripts were observed in 17-AAG and geldanamycin-treated HT-29 and HONE-1 cancer cells. Interestingly, real-time PCR and translation inhibition studies revealed that survivin was over-expressed partially through the up-regulation of protein translation instead of gene transcription in A549 cancer cells. In addition, 17-AAG-treated A549, HONE-1 and HT-29 cells showed reduced proteasomal activity while inhibition of 26S proteasome activity further increased the amount of survivin protein in cells. At the functional level, down-regulation of survivin by siRNA further increased the drug sensitivity to 17-AAG in the tested cancer cell lines.ConclusionsWe showed for the first time that down-regulation of survivin is not a definite therapeutic function of Hsp90 inhibitors. Instead, targeting Hsp90 with small molecule inhibitors will induce the over-expression of survivin in certain cancer cell lines and subsequently enhances the ability of cell survival in drug-treated situations. The current study suggests that dual inhibition of Hsp90 and survivin may be warranted.
Association of LIPC -250G>A polymorphism and several environmental factors with serum lipid levels in the Guangxi Bai Ku Yao and Han populations
Authors: Meng Li , Ruixing Yin , Yiyang Li , Xingjiang Long , Kela Li , Wanying Liu , Lin Zhang , Weixiong Lin , Dezhai Yang , Shangling Pan 
Published: April 2010

AbstractBackgroundThe association between -250G>A polymorphism in the promoter region of the hepatic lipase gene (LIPC) and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration is contradictory in diverse ethnics. Bai Ku Yao is an isolated subgroup of the Yao minority in China. This study was designed to detect the association ofLIPC-250G>A (rs2070895) polymorphism and several environmental factors with serum lipid levels in the Guangxi Bai Ku Yao and Han populations.MethodsA total of 778 subjects of Bai Ku Yao and 648 participants of Han Chinese aged 15-80 were randomly selected from our previous stratified randomized cluster samples. Genotyping of theLIPC-250G>A was performed by polymerse chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism combined with gel electrophoresis, and then confirmed by direct sequencing.ResultsThe levels of serum total cholesterol (TC), HDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and apolipoprotein (Apo) AI were lower in Bai Ku Yao than in Han (P< 0.01 for all). The frequencies of GG, GA and AA genotypes were 50.0%, 43.3% and 6.7% in Bai Ku Yao, and 35.7%, 50.6% and 13.7% in Han (P< 0.01); respectively. The frequencies of G and A alleles were 71.7% and 28.3% in Bai Ku Yao, and 61.0% and 39.0% in Han (P< 0.01). The levels of HDL-C and the ratio of ApoAI to ApoB in Bai Ku Yao were lower in GG genotype than in GA or AA genotype (P< 0.05-0.01). The levels of TC, HDL-C, LDL-C and ApoB in Han were lower in GG genotype than in GA or AA genotype (P< 0.05-0.01). The levels of HDL-C and the ratio of ApoAI to ApoB in Bai Ku Yao, and the levels of HDL-C, LDL-C and ApoB in Han were correlated with genotype and/or allele (P< 0.05 for all). Serum lipid parameters were also correlated with age, sex, alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, blood pressure, body weight, and body mass index in both ethnic groups.ConclusionsThe differences in the serum lipid profiles between the two ethnic groups might partly result from different genotypic frequency ofLIPC-250G>A or differentLIPC-enviromental interactions.
Quality of life in colon cancer patients with skin side effects: preliminary results from a monocentric cross sectional study
Authors: Andreis Federica , Rizzi Anna , Mosconi Paola , Braun Claudia , Rota Luigina , Meriggi Fausto , Mazzocchi Maria , Zaniboni Alberto 
Published: April 2010

Abstract

Background
Epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors are widely prescribed anticancer drugs. Patients treated commonly develop dermatologic adverse drugs reactions, but rarely they are involved in systematic evaluation of their quality of life. This monocentric cross sectional study is carried out to assess quality of life in colon cancer patients experienced skin side effects due to anti epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors therapy.

Methods
Consecutive patients with skin side effects to therapy treated at Fondazione Poliambulanza were enrolled in this study. Quality of life was evaluated with the Italian validated version of Skindex-29 questionnaire, exploring three dimensions: symptoms, emotional, and physical functioning. Skindex-29 was administered one time between the eighth and the twelfth week of the treatment.

Results
Forty-five consecutive patients, mainly with metastatic colon cancer (29 female, 16 male), with an average age of 59.31 years (ranging from 34-78) were included in the study and analyzed. Patients showed a great impact of skin side effects on symptoms (mean 43), followed by emotional (mean 30), and functioning (mean 26) scales. In general women, the 55-65 age class, and patients with partial remission reported the worst quality of life.

Conclusions
Epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors' skin side effects have an important impact on quality of life in advanced colon cancer patients; symptoms scale is the most effect respect to emotional and functioning scales.
Systemic vasculopathy with altered vasoreactivity in a transgenic mouse model of scleroderma
Authors: Derrett-Smith Emma C , Dooley Audrey , Khan Korsa , Shi-wen Xu , Abraham David , Denton Christopher P 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Introduction
Vasculopathy, including altered vasoreactivity and abnormal large vessel biomechanics, is a hallmark of systemic sclerosis (SSc). However, the pathogenic link with other aspects of the disease is less clear. To assess the potential role of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) overactivity in driving these cardiovascular abnormalities, we studied a novel transgenic mouse model characterized by ligand-dependent activation of TGF-β signaling in fibroblasts.

Methods
The transgenic mouse strain Tβ RIIΔk-fib is characterized by balanced ligand-dependent upregulation of TGF-β signaling. Aortic and cardiac tissues were examined with histologic, biochemical, and isolated organ bath studies. Vascular and perivascular architecture was examined by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and special stains including immunostaining for TGF-β1 and phospho-Smad2/3 (pSmad2/3). Confirmatory aortic smooth muscle cell proliferation, phenotype, and functional assays, including signaling responses to exogenous TGF-β and endothelin-1, were performed. Aortic ring contractile responses to direct and receptor-mediated stimulation were assessed.

Results
Aortic ring contractility and relaxation were diminished compared with wild-type controls, and this was associated with aortic adventitial fibrosis confirmed histologically and with Sircol assay. TGF-β1 and pSmad 2/3 expression was increased in the adventitia and smooth muscle layer of the aorta. Aortic smooth muscle cells from transgenic animals showed significant upregulation of TGF-β- responsive genes important for cytoskeletal function, such as transgelin and smoothelin, which were then resistant to further stimulation with exogenous TGF-β1. These cells promoted significantly more contraction of free floating type I collagen lattices when compared with the wild-type, but were again resistant to exogenous TGF-β1 stimulation. Aortic ring responses to receptor-mediated contraction were reduced in the transgenic animals. Specifically, bosentan reduced endothelin-mediated contraction in wild-type animals, but had no effect in transgenic animals, and endothelin axis gene expression was altered in transgenic animals. Transgenic mice developed cardiac fibrosis.

Conclusions
The histologic, biochemical, and functional phenotype of this transgenic mouse model of scleroderma offers insight into the altered biomechanical properties previously reported for large elastic arteries in human SSc and suggests a role for perturbed TGF-β and endothelin activity in this process.
Long-Term Treatment of 12 Children with Chronic Hypoparathyroidism: A Randomized Trial Comparing Synthetic Human Parathyroid Hormone 1-34 versus Calcitriol and Calcium
Authors: Winer Karen K. , Sinaii Ninet , Reynolds James , Peterson Donna , Dowdy Karen , Cutler Gordon B. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Context: Hypoparathyroidism is among the few hormonal insufficiency states not treated with replacement of the missing hormone. This is the first randomized controlled study in children comparing treatment with synthetic human PTH 1-34 and calcitriol.
Objective: The primary objective was to assess the efficacy and safety of long-term PTH 1-34 vs. calcitriol treatment in the maintenance of normal serum calcium values and renal calcium excretion in children with hypoparathyroidism.
Setting: The study was conducted at a clinical research center.
Subjects: Subjects included 12 children aged 5–14 yr with chronic hypoparathyroidism and without severe renal or hepatic insufficiency.
Study Design: The study was a 3-yr randomized parallel trial comparing twice-daily calcitriol (plus calcium and cholecalciferol in four daily doses) vs. sc PTH 1-34 treatment, with weekly or biweekly monitoring of serum and urine calcium.
Results: Mean predose serum calcium levels were maintained at, or just below, the normal range, and urine calcium levels remained in the normal range throughout the 3-yr study, with no significant differences between treatment groups. Creatinine clearance, corrected for body surface area, did not differ between groups and remained normal throughout the study. Markers of bone turnover were mildly elevated during PTH 1-34 therapy and remained within the normal range during calcitriol therapy. Mean bone mineral density Z-scores at the anterior-posterior lumbar spine, femoral neck, distal radius, and whole body remained within the normal range and did not differ between groups throughout the study. Similarly, height and weight percentiles did not differ between treatment groups and remained normal throughout the 3-yr follow-up.
Conclusion: We conclude that PTH 1-34 therapy is safe and effective in maintaining stable calcium homeostasis in children with hypoparathyroidism. Additionally, PTH 1-34 treatment allowed normal skeletal development because there were no differences in bone mineral accrual, linear growth, or weight gain between the two treatment arms over the 3-yr study period.