bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of applying high‐pass filtering in pelvimetry with Martius images
Authors: Suzuki Nobuaki , Kumazawa Seiji , Ono Yohei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimThe aim of this study is to investigate whether the results of pelvimetry using original radiographic Martius images and the same images with high‐pass filtering applied (“edge images”) would be consistent.MethodsA total of 30 primagravidas were included in this study. Three obstetricians independently measured the anteroposterior and transverse diameters of the pelvic inlet in the original and the edge images, recording the x‐ and y‐coordinates of the four endpoints. A Wilcoxon signed rank sum test was performed on the coordinate data to evaluate differences between the original and edge images.ResultsIn the analysis of all coordinate data, statistically significant differences were found in both x‐ and y‐coordinates of the sacral promontory point (SPP). In the y‐coordinate of the SPP, a statistically significant difference was found in 9 of 30 pairs of images, and in all 9 the anteroposterior diameter was shorter in the edge images compared to the original images due to the more caudal placement of the SPP.ConclusionsThe coordinates of the SPP on original radiographs and their edge images were not consistent in pelvimetry using Martius images. Our results suggest that improved image contrast will allow obstetricians to better assess pelvic narrowing and cephalopelvic disproportion and even reduce radiographic dose, thereby reducing risks for pregnant women and their fetuses.
Understanding perceptions about the health effects of night working and the barriers and enablers to taking part in nutritional research: A qualitative study among night workers in England
Authors: Fitzhugh Charlotte , Gibson Rachel 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWorking at night is associated with adverse cardiometabolic health outcomes. However, there are a lack of nutritional intervention studies conducted amongst night workers, subsequently contributing to a lack of evidence‐based guidelines for night workers. The aim of The Eating on the Night Shift study was to understand how night shift workers view working at night in relation to nutritional health and wellbeing, the barriers and enablers to participate in research and what kind of guidance would be useful to them. Semi‐structured qualitative interviews were conducted with a convenience sample (n = 18) of night workers based in England. The interview covered experiences of working night shifts, perceptions about night work and their health, and perceptions of and likely engagement with nutritional research. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were coded using an inductive thematic analysis approach. Of the final sample 13 were female (72%), 39% worked a rotating shift pattern and 78% had worked night shifts for 1 year or more. Four overarching themes were identified: (1) the consequences of night work on health and wellbeing, (2) eating at night means a less healthy diet, (3) working at night has wider knock‐on effects on aspects of lifestyle and wellbeing and (4) nutritional research is perceived as important, but there are barriers to participation. Night workers are aware that working at night can negatively impact their diet as well as their health. Nutritional researchers need to engage with night workers when considering intervention design and implementation as well as in the development of any resultant evidence‐based guidance to ensure its relevance.
Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS‐stimulated BMSC‐derived exosome promotes osteoclastogenesis via miR‐151‐3p/PAFAH1B1
Authors: Dong Jia‐chen , Liao Yue , Zhou Wei , Sun Meng‐jun , Zhang Huan‐yu , Li Yan , Song Zhong‐chen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectivesPorphyromonas gingivalis‐LPS regulated bone metabolism by triggering dysfunction of osteoblasts directly, and affecting activity of osteoclasts through intracellular communication. Exosome, as the mediator of intercellular communication, was important vesicle to regulate osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis. This research was designed for investigating the mechanism of BMSCs‐EXO in modulating osteoclastic activity under the P. gingivalis‐LPS.Materials and methodsThe cytotoxicity and osteogenic effects of P. gingivalis‐LPS on BMSCs was evaluated, and then osteoclastic activity of RAW264.7 co‐cultured with exosomes was detected. Besides, Affymetrix miRNA array and luciferase reporter assay were used to identify the target exosomal miRNA signal pathway.ResultsBMSCs' osteogenic differentiation and proliferation were decreased under 1 and 10 μg/mL P. gingivalis‐LPS. Osteoclastic‐related genes and proteins levels were promoted by P. gingivalis‐LPS‐stimulated BMSCs‐EXO. Based on the miRNA microarray analysis, exosomal miR‐151‐3p was lessened in BMExo‐LPS group, which facilitated osteoclastic differentiation through miR‐151‐3p/PAFAH1B1.ConclusionsPorphyromonas gingivalis‐LPS could regulated bone metabolism by inhibiting proliferation and osteogenesis of BMSCs directly. Also, P. gingivalis‐LPS‐stimulated BMSCs‐EXO promoted osteoclastogenesis via activating miR‐151‐3p/PAFAH1B1 signal pathway.
Evaluation of Dutch disease effect on oil‐exporting countries: An empirical estimation
Authors: Ashour Majidah Mutyi , Yong Chen Chen , Cheong Kee Cheok 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe motive of the study is to examine real effective exchange rates (REER) for Dutch disease effect (DDE) and evaluate the favourite exchange rate regime (ERR) for oil exporters, besides considering the time effect and development stages. This study included yearly data from 2001 to 2010 for 51 oil‐exporting nations. For empirical estimation, this study employed the dynamic panel threshold model. The study deduced that a nonlinear relationship in net oil‐exporting countries. The findings revealed that oil‐exporting countries experiencing a reduction in non‐oil exports if the real exchange rate (RER) exceeds than 3% (from the previous year), validating the Dutch disease phenomenon in oil‐exporting countries. Moreover, exposure to this threat increases with a fixed ERR, developing countries and early periods of exporting oil. Specifically, the results of the study contribute to empirical knowledge in economic sciences and provide useful insights into political implications and strategic planning for policymakers in oil‐exporting countries.
Distinct metabolites affect the phloem fungal communities in ash trees (Fraxinus spp.) native and nonnative to the highly invasive emerald ash borer (AGRILUS PLANIPENNIS)
Authors: Koski Tuuli‐Marjaana , Zhang Bin , Mogouong Judith , Wang Hualing , Chen Zhenzhu , Li Huiping , Bushley Kathryn E. , Sun Jianghua 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEmerald ash borer (EAB, Agrilus planipennis) is an invasive killer of ash trees (Fraxinus spp.) in North America and Europe. Ash species co‐evolved with EAB in their native range in Asia are mostly resistant, although the precise mechanism(s) remain unclear. Very little is also known about EAB or ash tree microbiomes. We performed the first joint comparison of phloem mycobiome and metabolites between a native and a nonnative ash species, infested and uninfested with EAB, in conjunction with investigation of larval mycobiome. Phloem mycobiome communities differed between the tree species, but both were unaffected by EAB infestation. Several indicator taxa in the larval gut shared a similarly high relative abundance only with the native host trees. Widely targeted metabolomics revealed 24 distinct metabolites in native trees and 53 metabolites in nonnative trees, respectively, that differed in relative content between infested and uninfested trees only in one species. Interestingly, four metabolites shared a strong relationship with the phloem mycobiomes, majority of which affected only the native trees. Collectively, our results demonstrate a complex interplay between host tree chemistry and mycobiome, and suggest the shared relationships between the mycobiomes of the native host tree and EAB may reflect their shared co‐evolution.
Cholesterol profiling reveals 7β‐hydroxycholesterol as a pathologically relevant peripheral biomarker of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Ha Junghee , Kwon Go Eun , Son Yumi , Jang Soo Ah , Cho So Yeon , Park Soo Jin , Kim Hyunjeong , Lee Jimin , Lee Juseok , Seo Dongryul , Lee Myeongjee , Lee Do Yup , Choi Man Ho , Kim Eosu 
Published: June 2024

AimCholesterol homeostasis is associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Despite the multitude of cholesterol metabolites, little is known about which metabolites are directly involved in AD pathogenesis and can serve as its potential biomarkers.MethodsTo identify “hit” metabolites, steroid profiling was conducted in mice with different age, diet, and genotype and also in humans with normal cognition, mild cognitive impairment, and AD using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Then, using one of the “hit” molecules (7β‐hydroxycholesterol; OHC), molecular and histopathological experiment and behavioral testing were conducted in normal mice following its intracranial stereotaxic injection to see whether this molecule drives AD pathogenesis and causes cognitive impairment.ResultsThe serum levels of several metabolites, including 7β‐OHC, were increased by aging in the 3xTg‐AD unlike normal mice. Consistently, the levels of 7β‐OHC were increased in the hairs of patients with AD and were correlated with clinical severity. We found that 7β‐OHC directly affects AD‐related pathophysiology; intrahippocampal injection of 7β‐OHC induced astrocyte and microglial cell activation, increased the levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines (TNF‐alpha, IL‐1β, IL‐6), and enhanced amyloidogenic pathway. Mice treated with 7β‐OHC also exhibited deficits in memory and frontal/executive functions assessed by object recognition and 5‐choice serial reaction time task, respectively.ConclusionsOur results suggest that 7β‐OHC could serve as a convenient, peripheral biomarker of AD. As directly involved in AD pathogenesis, 7β‐OHC assay may help actualize personalized medicine in a way to identify an at‐risk subgroup as a candidate population for statin‐based AD treatment.
Modeling action: Recasting the causal theory
Authors: Fritts Megan , Cabrera Frank 
Published: June 2024

AbstractContemporary action theory is generally concerned with giving theories of action ontology. In this paper, we make the novel proposal that the standard view in action theory—the Causal Theory of Action—should be recast as a “model,” akin to the models constructed and investigated by scientists. Such models often consist in fictional, hypothetical, or idealized structures, which are used to represent a target system indirectly via some resemblance relation. We argue that recasting the Causal Theory as a model can not only accomplish the goals of causal theorists, but also give the theory greater flexibility in responding to common objections.
Red light‐activated depletion of drug‐refractory glioblastoma stem cells and chemosensitization of an acquired‐resistant mesenchymal phenotype
Authors: Spring Bryan Q. , Watanabe Kohei , Ichikawa Megumi , Mallidi Srivalleesha , Matsudaira Tatsuyuki , Timerman Dmitriy , Swain Joseph W. R. , Mai Zhiming , Wakimoto Hiroaki , Hasan Tayyaba 
Published: June 2024

AbstractGlioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) are potent tumor initiators resistant to radiochemotherapy, and this subpopulation is hypothesized to re‐populate the tumor milieu due to selection following conventional therapies. Here, we show that 5‐aminolevulinic acid (ALA) treatment—a pro‐fluorophore used for fluorescence‐guided cancer surgery—leads to elevated levels of fluorophore conversion in patient‐derived GSC cultures, and subsequent red light‐activation induces apoptosis in both intrinsically temozolomide chemotherapy‐sensitive and ‐resistant GSC phenotypes. Red light irradiation of ALA‐treated cultures also exhibits the ability to target mesenchymal GSCs (Mes–GSCs) with induced temozolomide resistance. Furthermore, sub‐lethal light doses restore Mes–GSC sensitivity to temozolomide, abrogating GSC‐acquired chemoresistance. These results suggest that ALA is not only useful for fluorescence‐guided glioblastoma tumor resection, but that it also facilitates a GSC drug‐resistance agnostic, red light‐activated modality to mop up the surgical margins and prime subsequent chemotherapy.
Depressive symptoms, task choice, and effort: The moderating effect of personal control on cardiac response
Authors: Falk Johanna R. , Gollwitzer Peter M. , Oettingen Gabriele , Brinkmann Kerstin , Gendolla Guido H. E. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDysphoric individuals perceive mental tasks as more demanding and show increased cardiovascular responses during the performance of easy cognitive tasks. Recent research on action shielding indicates that providing individuals with personal control over their tasks can mitigate the effects of manipulated affective states on cardiovascular responses reflecting effort. We investigated whether the shielding effect of personal choice also applies to the effect of dispositional negative mood on effort. N = 125 university students with high (dysphoric) versus low (nondysphoric) depressive symptoms engaged in an easy cognitive task either by personal choice or external assignment. As expected, dysphoric individuals showed significantly stronger cardiac PEP reactivity during task performance when the task was externally assigned. Most importantly, this dysphoria effect disappeared when participants could ostensibly personally choose their task. Our findings show that the previously observed shielding effect of personal action choice against incidental affective stimulation also applies to dispositional negative affect.
Investigation of the protective effects of different forms of selenium in freezing dog semen: Comparison of nanoparticle selenium and sodium selenite
Authors: Esin Burcu , Kaya Cumali , Akar Melih , Çevik Mesut 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the protective effects of nanoparticle selenium (SeNP) and sodium selenite (SS) on preventing oxidative stress during the freezing process of dog semen. A total of six dogs were used in the study. The ejaculate was collected from dogs three times at different times by massage method. A total of 18 ejaculates were used and each ejaculate was divided in five experimental groups. The experimental groups were designed to tris extender containing no antioxidants control, 1 μg/mL SeNP1, 2 μg/mL SeNP2, and 1 μg/mL SS1 and 2 μg/mL SS2. Extended semen were equilibrated for 1 h at 4°C, then frozen in liquid nitrogen vapour and stored in liquid nitrogen (~−196°C). After thawing, semen samples were evaluated in terms of CASA motility and kinematic parameters, spermatozoa plasma membrane integrity and viability (HE Test), spermatozoa morphology (SpermBlue) and DNA fragmentation (GoldCyto). Antioxidant enzyme activity (glutathione peroxidase; GPX, superoxide dismutase; SOD, catalase; CAT) and lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde; MDA) were evaluated in frozen–thawed dog sperm. When the results were evaluated statistically, the progressive motility, VCL, and VAP kinematic parameters in the SeNP1 group were significantly higher than the control group after thawing (p < .05). The highest ratio of plasma membrane integrity and viable spermatozoa was observed in the SeNP1 group, but there was no statistical difference found between the groups (p > .05). Although the ratio of total morphological abnormality was observed to be lower in all groups to which different selenium forms were added, compared to the control group, no statistical difference was found. Spermatozoa tail abnormality was significantly lower in the SeNP1 group than in the control and SS2 group (p < .05). The lowest ratio of fragmented DNA was observed in the SeNP1 group, but there was no statistical difference was found between the groups (p > .05). Although there was no statistical difference between the groups in the evaluation of sperm antioxidant profile, the highest GPX, SOD and CAT values and the lowest lipid peroxidation values were obtained in the SeNP1 group. As a result, it was determined that 1 μg/mL dose of SeNP added to the tris‐based extender in dog semen was beneficial on spermatological parameters, especially sperm kinematic properties and sperm morphology, and therefore nanoparticle selenium, a nanotechnology product, made a significant contribution to the freezing of dog semen.
Oestrogen and progesterone concentrations in intrapartum cows with insufficient cervix dilation
Authors: Sendag Sait , Koca Davut , Arslan Talha , Schuler Gerhard , Wehrend Axel 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe cervix is an important organ that has to dilate sufficiently at delivery to allow the foetus to transition to extrauterine life. Insufficient dilatation of the cervix (IDC) is a frequent cause of dystocia in cattle. The mechanisms underlying cervical opening and the pathogenesis of IDC are still widely unclear. Systematic studies on the relationship between IDC and steroid hormones have been limited and have yielded inconsistent findings. This study aimed to measure oestrogen and progesterone (P4) concentrations in intrapartum cows presented with dystocia due to IDC and in a comparison (C) group of cows with eutocic delivery. Before any obstetrical procedures, and right after the initial evaluation, blood samples were taken from IDC and C animals. Concentrations of P4, oestradiol‐17β (E2), free total oestrogens (FTE) and conjugated total oestrogens (CTE) were measured by established radioimmunoassays. Concentrations of P4 (p = .538), FTE (p = .065) and CTE (p = .605) were not statistically different between C and IDC groups. However, E2 levels in group C were significantly lower when compared to those in the IDC group (p = .013), which is inconsistent with the function of oestrogens in cervical dilatation. The correlation analysis demonstrated significant positive correlations between the pairs P4 versus FTE, P4 versus E2 and FTE versus E2 in group C and between the pair FTE versus E2 in group IDC. In conclusion, the results suggest that local activities of steroids relevant to the aetiology of IDC are not reflected by concentrations in the systemic circulation or that other factors are clearly more important.
Relationship Between Advanced Footwear Technology Longitudinal Bending Stiffness and Energy Cost of Running
Authors: Rodrigo‐Carranza Víctor , Hoogkamer Wouter , González‐Ravé José María , González‐Mohíno Fernando 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTIntroduction/PurposeShoe longitudinal bending stiffness (LBS) is often considered to influence running economy (RE) and thus, running performance. However, previous results are mixed and LBS levels have not been studied in advanced footwear technology (AFT). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of increased LBS from curved carbon fiber plates embedded within an AFT midsole compared to a traditional running shoe on RE and spatiotemporal parameters.MethodsTwenty‐one male trained runners completed three times 4 min at 13 km/h with two experimental shoe models with a curved carbon fiber plate embedded in an AFT midsole with different LBS values (Stiff: 35.5 N/mm and Stiffest: 43.1 N/mm), and a Control condition (no carbon fiber plate: 20.1 N/mm). We measured energy cost of running (W/kg) and spatiotemporal parameters in one visit.ResultsRE improved for the Stiff shoe condition (15.71 ± 0.95 W/kg; p < 0.001; n2 = 0.374) compared to the Control condition (16.13 ± 1.08 W/kg; 2.56%) and Stiffest condition (16.03 ± 1.19 W/kg; 1.98%). However, we found no significant differences between the Stiffest and Control conditions. Moreover, there were no spatiotemporal differences between shoe conditions.ConclusionChanges in LBS in AFT influences RE suggesting that moderately stiff shoes have the most effective LBS to improve RE in AFT compared to very stiff shoes and traditional, flexible shoe conditions while running at 13 km/h.
Personalism and purges: Are personalist dictators more likely to engage in elite purges?
Authors: Ishiyama John , Breuning Marijke , Kim Taekbin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveIn this article, we empirically examine the relationship between personalism and employing purging or cooptation as regime elite management techniques. Much of the literature suggests that there is a close relationship between personalism and the use of violence to maintain power, and thus suggests a connection between personalism and violent purges.MethodsUsing data from 109 autocracies from 1946 to 2008, we employ a seemingly unrelated negative binomial regression estimationResultsWe find that personalist regimes are not more likely to engage in purges when compared to other regimes. Further, the results suggest that personalist regimes are not more likely to rely on purges as an elite management strategy. In fact, our analysis suggests that personalism as a regime attribute (rather than as an institutional type) is associated with less (not more) use of purges and that personalism tends to be more associated with the use of cooptation than purges.ConclusionWe offer an explanation for these findings and suggest that future research should focus on the characteristics of the autocrat as a political agent when explaining the propensity to engage in different elite management techniques.
Parallel Interactions Between Linguistic and Contextual Factors in Bilinguals
Authors: Mishra Ramesh K. , Prasad Seema 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe necessity for introducing interactionist and parallelism approaches in different branches of cognitive science emerged as a reaction to classical sequential stage‐based models. Functional psychological models that emphasized and explained how different components interact, dynamically producing cognitive and perceptual states, influenced multiple disciplines. Chiefly among them were experimental psycholinguistics and the many applied areas that dealt with humans’ ability to process different types of information in different contexts. Understanding how bilinguals represent and process verbal and visual input, how their neural and psychological states facilitate such interactions, and how linguistic and nonlinguistic processing overlap, has now emerged as an important area of multidisciplinary research. In this article, we will review available evidence from different language‐speaking groups of bilinguals in India with a focus on situational context. In the discussion, we will address models of language processing in bilinguals within a cognitive psychological approach with a focus on existent models of inhibitory control. The paper's stated goal will be to show that the parallel architecture framework can serve as a theoretical foundation for examining bilingual language processing and its interface with external factors such as social context.
On K‐stability of P3$\mathbb {P}^3$ blown up along a (2,3) complete intersection
Authors: Guerreiro Tiago Duarte , Giovenzana Luca , Viswanathan Nivedita 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe prove K‐stability of every smooth member of the Fano 3‐fold family 2.15 of the Mori, Mukai and Iskovskikh classification.