bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Codevelopment of a model of care for adults living with cystic fibrosis‐related diabetes
Authors: Kumar Shanal , Pallin Michael , Soldatos Georgia 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundCystic fibrosis (CF) related diabetes affects up to half of all adults with CF and is associated with higher morbidity and mortality. Our aim is to codevelop an ideal model of care that integrates diabetes technology and better meets the needs of adults living with the condition to improve attendance, engagement, service satisfaction, and clinical outcomes.MethodsUsing qualitative research methods, we evaluated disease perceptions, barriers, and enablers to optimal CF‐related diabetes management and service delivery. Integration of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) was also explored. An initial broad purposive consumer survey was followed by focus groups with end‐users. Grounded theory approach was utilized with major problem areas identified then explored, coded, and grouped into requisites for an “ideal model of care” for adults living with CF‐related diabetes.ResultsTwo key themes emerged (i) an ideal model of care consisted of a dual‐specialty service co‐led by endocrinology and CF physicians and supported by diabetes educator and CF dietitian with a goal to provide consistent and personalized diabetes management and (ii) CGM was acceptable for use in adults with CF‐related diabetes with many perceived benefits and should be integrated into the model of care. Barriers to optimizing glycemic control included diet, finger‐prick testing, reduced access to CGM, and pulmonary exacerbations. End‐user feedback on CGM was overwhelmingly positive with regard to operability. CGM was also identified as a tool that could be used to engage, educate, and empower adults living with CF‐related diabetes and facilitate constructive and personalized clinical decision‐making by healthcare providers.ConclusionFor adults living with CF, a diagnosis of diabetes is associated with increased treatment burden. Our findings suggest an “ideal model of care” for CF‐related diabetes would be co‐led by endocrinology services integrated within a pre‐existing CF service, incorporating CGM.
Use of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Incorporated in Polybutylene Adipate Terephthalate for Food Packaging. A Focus on the Impact in Functional and Physic‐Mechanical Properties and on Migration Thereof
Authors: Mendes Ana Rita , Teixeira Paula , Poças Fátima 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTPolybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NP) are among the most studied when it comes to address biodegradability and antimicrobial properties of materials for food packaging. This work presents a critical review of recent scientific literature with a focus on the impact in functional, physic‐mechanical properties, compostability and on safety. The properties of the nanoparticles, such as morphology and size reported are reviewed together with the range of concentrations and methods of incorporation in the PBAT matrix. The effect on antimicrobial and antioxidant activities, thermostability, tensile and optical properties, as well as on mass transfer properties (barrier to moisture and gases and migration into foods) is discussed. The properties of PBAT/ZnO depend on particle size, shape and concentration of the ZnO NP. Particles with higher surface area and smallest size are reported to have the best performance (usually the spherical shaped). However, information on the morphology/size of the nanoparticle is often not provided. The typical concentration of NP incorporation ranges from 0.5 to 5%, but the interpretation of results regarding the effect of concentration is highly limited due to poor information on the statistical significance of the results, particularly for low concentrations of incorporation. Another limitation found regards the film production method, because most of the studies are based in films prepared by solvent‐casting and not by extrusion. Antimicrobial activity is directly linked with the concentration of ZnO NP. Most studies applied in vitro experiments and not tests in real foods (in situ). Zinc migration can occur as the whole nanoparticle or in the ionic form. Studies indicate that migration of ZnO in the nano form is not expected if the nanoparticle is completely embedded in a polymeric matrix, which can be confirmed by some well‐established techniques. However, studies focusing on migration from other matrices are lacking. Further investigations are needed to achieve a balanced incorporation of ZnO NP considering the particle activity and zinc migration and to evaluate the impact on safety when used in food packaging.
Featured Cover
Authors: Rood Stewart B. , Hoffman Gregory C. , Merz Norm , Anders Paul , Benjankar Rohan , Burke Michael , Egger Gregory , Polzin Mary Louise , Soults Scott 
Published: May 2024

The cover image is based on the Research Article Collateral benefits: River flow normalization for endangered fish enabled riparian rejuvenation by Stewart B. Rood et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.4255.image
Synergistic Effects of Matrix Biophysical Properties on Gastric Cancer Cell Behavior via Integrin‐Mediated Cell‐ECM Interactions
Authors: Xiao Cailan , Xie Ning , Shu Qiuai , Liang Xiru , Wang Ziwei , Wu Jian , Shi Nianyuan , Huang Xindi , Wei Zhong‐Cao , Gao Xiaoliang , Liu Hao , Wu Kaichun , Xu Jingyuan , Wang Jin‐Hai , Liu Na , Xu Feng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe biophysical properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM) play a pivotal role in modulating cancer progression via cell‐ECM interactions. However, the biophysical properties specific to gastric cancer (GC) remain largely unexplored. Pertinently, GC ECM shows significantly heterogeneous metamorphoses, such as matrix stiffening and intricate restructuring. By combining collagen I and alginate, this study designs an in vitro biomimetic hydrogel platform to independently modulate matrix stiffness and structure across a physiological stiffness spectrum while preserving consistent collagen concentration and fiber topography. With this platform, this study assesses the impacts of matrix biophysical properties on cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and other pivotal dynamics of AGS. The findings spotlight a compelling interplay between matrix stiffness and structure, influencing both cellular responses and ECM remodeling. Furthermore, this investigation into the integrin/actin‐collagen interplay reinforces the central role of integrins in mediating cell‐ECM interactions, reciprocally sculpting cell conduct, and ECM adaptation. Collectively, this study reveals a previously unidentified role of ECM biophysical properties in GC malignant potential and provides insight into the bidirectional mechanical cell‐ECM interactions, which may facilitate the development of novel therapeutic horizons.
Isomerization Engineering of Oxygen‐Enriched Carbon Quantum Dots for Efficient Electrochemical Hydrogen Peroxide Production
Authors: Xie Leping , Liang Caihong , Wu Yao , Wang Kang , Hou Weidong , Guo Huazhang , Wang Zeming , Lam Yeng Ming , Liu Zheng , Wang Liang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHydrogen peroxide (H2O2) has emerged as a kind of multi‐functional green oxidants with extensive industrial utility. Oxidized carbon materials exhibit promises as electrocatalysts in the two‐electron (2e−) oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) for H2O2 production. However, the precise identification and fabrication of active sites that selectively yield H2O2 present a serious challenge. Herein, a structural engineering strategy is employed to synthesize oxygen‐doped carbon quantum dots (o‐CQD) for the 2e− ORR. The surface electronic structure of the o‐CQDs is systematically modulated by varying isomerization precursors, thereby demonstrating excellent electrocatalyst performance. Notably, o‐CQD‐3 emerges as the most promising candidate, showcasing a remarkable H2O2 selectivity of 96.2% (n = 2.07) at 0.68 V versus RHE, coupled with a low Tafel diagram of 66.95 mV dec−1. In the flow cell configuration, o‐CQD‐3 achieves a H2O2 productivity of 338.7 mmol gcatalyst−1 h−1, maintaining consistent production stability over an impressive 120‐hour duration. Utilizing in situ technology and density functional theory calculations, it is unveil that edge sites of o‐CQD‐3 are facilely functionalized by C‐O‐C groups under alkaline ORR conditions. This isomerization engineering approach advances the forefront of sustainable catalysis and provides a profound insight into the carbon‐based catalyst design for environmental‐friendly chemical synthesis processes.
Regulating Cu Oxidation State for Electrocatalytic CO2 Conversion into CO with Near‐Unity Selectivity via Oxygen Spillover
Authors: Jia Yufei , Li Dekang , Liu Chang , Song Tao , Duan Lele , Li Fusheng , Li Fei , Ji Yongfei , Sun Licheng , Fan Ke 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCu‐based catalysts are the most intensively studied in the field of electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR), demonstrating the capacity to yield diverse C1 and C2+ products albeit with unsatisfactory selectivity. Manipulation of the oxidation state of Cu sites during CO2RR process proves advantageous in modulating the selectivity of productions, but poses a formidable challenge. Here, an oxygen spillover strategy is proposed to enhance the oxidation state of Cu during CO2RR by incorporating the oxygen donor Sb2O4. The Cu‐Sb bimetallic oxide catalyst attains a remarkable CO2‐to‐CO selectivity approaching unity, in stark contrast to the diverse product distribution observed with bare CuO. The exceptional Faradaic efficiency of CO can be maintained across a wide range of potential windows of ≈700 mV in 1 m KOH, and remains independent of the Cu/Sb ratio (ranging from 0.1:1 to 10:1). Correlative calculations and experimental results reveal that oxygen spillover from Sb2O4 to Cu sites maintains the relatively high valence state of Cu during CO2RR, which diminishes the binding strength of *CO, thereby achieving heightened selectivity in CO production. These findings propose the role of oxygen spillover in CO2RR over Cu‐based catalysts, and shed light on the rational design of highly selective CO2 reduction catalysts.
The effect of Certificate‐of‐Need laws on substance use disorder care for vulnerable populations
Authors: Plemmons Alicia , Deyo Darwyyn , Drain Sarah 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSubstance use disorders are a prevalent and growing problem across the United States, especially for households that rely on publicly funded healthcare insurance plans. State Certificate‐of‐Need (CON) laws for substance use disorder (SUD) treatment facilities can worsen outcomes for these patients by restricting the supply of facilities and beds, leading to spillovers into the general hospital system. We present a choice theory for treatment facility patient admission and model the outcome as a function of the patient's insurance type. We then combine two datasets on state CON laws for SUD treatment facilities with Medicaid patient data from 2017 to 2020 to test the model using a three‐stage least squares design and provide some of the first evidence on Medicaid patient outcomes under CON laws for SUD treatment facilities. We find significant evidence that state CON laws for SUD treatment facilities are associated with higher rates of hospital bed utilization, increases in the number of infants born with Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome, and higher rates of emergency department visits. Our findings are robust to several specification tests, including a model of conditional mixed method endogeneity and incorporating timing of the Affordable Care Act.
Security and privacy challenges, issues, and enhancing techniques for Internet of Medical Things: A systematic review
Authors: Wani Rizwan Uz Zaman , Thabit Fursan , Can Ozgu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe Internet of Things (IoT) is a rapidly expanding network of interconnected things that use embedded sensors to gather and share data in real‐time. IoT technologies have given rise to many networking applications in our everyday life such as smart homes, smart cities, smart transport, and so forth. Smart healthcare is one such application that has been revolutionized by the IoT, introducing a new branch of IoT known as the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT). IoMT encompasses an entire ecosystem consisting of smart wearable, implantable sensing equipment's or devices, transmitters that are critical for monitoring the patients remotely and continuing the real‐time and has opened the door to new innovative smart healthcare approaches while improving patient care outcomes. IoMT wearable and embedded sensing devices are commonly utilized in smart healthcare to capture medical data and transmit the medical data in a communication network stored in the cloud. The large volume of data generated and transmitted by these IoMT devices is rising at an exponential rate, resulting in an increase in security and privacy vulnerabilities of healthcare data. To ensure the Confidentiality and integrity of the IoMT devices and the sensitive medical data, there should be proper security and privacy measures such as access control, passwords, multifactor authentication, and encryption of data generated, transmitted, or processed in the IoMT framework. In this paper, we identified the internet of things and its applications in smart healthcare systems. Additionally, the paper focuses on the architecture of IoMT, and several challenges, including the IoMT security and privacy requirements, and attack taxonomy. Furthermore, the paper thoroughly investigates both cryptographic and non‐cryptographic based security and privacy‐enhancing techniques for IoMT or healthcare systems with particular emphasis on advancements in key areas such as Homomorphic Encryption, Differential Privacy, and Federated Learning.
Evaluation of methods used to improve grasslands as ring‐necked pheasant brood habitat
Authors: Orth Mandy R. , Solem Alex , Runia Travis , Jensen Kent C. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRing‐necked pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) demographic response is sensitive to chick survival and nest success. The establishment and management of grasslands within agricultural landscapes, often through cropland conversion programs (e.g., Conservation Reserve Program [CRP]), have positive impacts on survival and nest success. Newly established CRP and early successional habitat can provide vegetative structure selected by pheasant chicks. Ideal brood habitat provides an abundance of arthropods, an open understory promoting efficient chick movement, and a protective canopy cover. However, the natural succession of grasslands changes desired vegetative structure and challenges managers with providing adequate habitat for pheasant chicks. We investigated the efficacy of different methods of CRP management, including haying, burning, herbicide application, interseeding, and grazing, to provide adequate brood rearing habitat in cool‐ and warm‐season grasslands. We assessed chick body mass change using human‐imprinted ring‐necked pheasant chicks and investigated changes in vegetation composition and structure in relation to various habitat treatments in north‐central and north‐eastern South Dakota during mid‐June and mid‐July of 2013, 2014, and 2015. Generally, treatments that incorporated interseeding, herbicide application, or their combination had the greatest chick mass gain, reduced litter cover and depth, and increased bare ground and forb cover. Effective management for brood habitat may require more aggressive techniques than simple haying or prescribed fire techniques.
Dual roles of HK3 in regulating the network between tumor cells and tumor-associated macrophages in neuroblastoma
Authors: Wu Xin , Mi Tao , Jin Liming , Ren Chunnian , Wang Jinkui , Zhang Zhaoxia , Liu Jiayan , Wang Zhaoyin , Guo Peng , He Dawei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractNeuroblastoma (NB) is the most common and deadliest extracranial solid tumor in children. Targeting tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) is a strategy for attenuating tumor-promoting states. The crosstalk between cancer cells and TAMs plays a pivotal role in mediating tumor progression in NB. The overexpression of Hexokinase-3 (HK3), a pivotal enzyme in glucose metabolism, has been associated with poor prognosis in NB patients. Furthermore, it correlates with the infiltration of M2-like macrophages within NB tumors, indicating its significant involvement in tumor progression. Therefore, HK3 not only directly regulates the malignant biological behaviors of tumor cells, such as proliferation, migration, and invasion, but also recruits and polarizes M2-like macrophages through the PI3K/AKT-CXCL14 axis in neuroblastoma. The secretion of lactate and histone lactylation alterations within tumor cells accompanies this interaction. Additionally, elevated expression of HK3 in M2-TAMs was found at the same time. Modulating HK3 within M2-TAMs alters the biological behavior of tumor cells, as demonstrated by our in vitro studies. This study highlights the pivotal role of HK3 in the progression of NB malignancy and its intricate regulatory network with M2-TAMs. It establishes HK3 as a promising dual-functional biomarker and therapeutic target in combating neuroblastoma.
External validation of predictive models for new vertebral fractures following percutaneous vertebroplasty
Authors: Dai Xiangheng , Liao Weibin , Xu Fuzhou , Lu Weiqi , Xi Xinhua , Fang Xiang , Wu Qiang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the external validation and scalability of four predictive models regarding new vertebral fractures following percutaneous vertebroplasty.

Methods
Utilizing retrospective data acquired from two centers, compute the area under the curve (AUC), calibration curve, and Kaplan–Meier plot to assess the model’s discrimination and calibration.

Results
In the external validation of Zhong et al.’s 2015 predictive model for the probability of new fractures post-vertebroplasty, the AUC for re-fracture at 1, 2, and 3 years postoperatively was 0.570, 0.617, and 0.664, respectively. The AUC for Zhong et al.’s 2016 predictive model for the probability of new fractures in neighboring vertebrae was 0.738. Kaplan–Meier plot results for both models indicated a significantly lower incidence of re-fracture in low-risk patients compared to high-risk patients. Li et al.’s 2021 model had an AUC of 0.518, and its calibration curve suggested an overestimation of the probability of new fractures. Li et al.’s 2022 model had an AUC of 0.556, and its calibration curve suggested an underestimation of the probability of new fractures.

Conclusion
The external validation of four models demonstrated that the predictive model proposed by Zhong et al. in 2016 exhibited superior external generalization capabilities.
University students’ concepts of nation in Mainland China, Hong Kong, and Macau: Patriotism or nationalism?
Authors: Li Hui , Ieong Meng U. , Wong Koon Lin Linnie , Zhu Jinxin , Chen Chi-Chen 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This study investigated the concepts of nation among university students in Mainland China, Hong Kong, and Macau. The findings revealed a lack of consistent patterns among university students’ perceptions of patriotism and nationalism across these regions. Ideological differences were observed, with students in Mainland China and Hong Kong representing the extremes of collectivism and individualism, respectively. Students in Hong Kong demonstrated a blended perspective of nationalism and patriotism rooted in localism, while students in Mainland China clearly distinguished between nationalism and patriotism within culture localism. Students in Macau exhibited perspectives that fit somewhere between those of their counterparts in Hong Kong and Mainland China. Hong Kong has encountered unique challenges in implementing patriotic education, while Mainland China and Macau have implemented it effectively. As a result, Macau has achieved better integration with Mainland China than Hong Kong in the postcolonial era. However, the key educational stakeholders in these societies must reassess their policies on preparing youths for the complex world and recognise their desire for authenticity and external recognition.
Age-related shifts in mental health determinants from a deprived area in the European Union: informing the national healthy aging program of Hungary
Authors: Kovacs Nora , Biro Eva , Piko Peter , Ungvari Zoltan , Adany Roza 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMental disorders are among the leading causes of disability worldwide, disproportionately affecting older people. This study aims to assess the mental health of elderly individuals living in a deprived region of Hungary, and to identify and estimate the weight of different determinants of mental health across different age groups. A cross-sectional study was conducted with randomly selected samples of individuals (n = 860) aged 18 years and older in Northeast Hungary. The World Health Organization Well-Being Index (WHO-5), the single-item Life Satisfaction Scale, and the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) were used to measure mental health of the participants. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to measure the association between sociodemographic and health-related variables and mental health. Overall, the mean WHO-5 score was 69.2 ± 18.1 and it showed a significant decrease by age (p < 0.001), with the lowest score observed in aged 75 years and above (p < 0.001). The mean life satisfaction score was 7.5 ± 1.9 and it showed a significant decreasing trend over the life course (p < 0.001). The highest level of psychological distress as assessed by GHQ-12 was observed in the group aged 75 years or older (11.5 ± 6.0, p < 0.001). Multiple linear regression indicated that self-reported financial status, social support, sense of control over their health, activity limitation and pain intensity were the most important determinants of mental health among older adults. Interventions to improve the mental health of older adults should focus on the positive impact of social support, the reduction of financial insecurity and the use of effective pain relief medications.
Electrochemical strategies for determination of tert-butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ) in food samples
Authors: Demir Ersin , Mısır Murat , Dincer Irem , Ozdogan Nida Aydogdu , Manjunatha Jamballi G. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTert-butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ) is a member of the synthetic phenolic antioxidant family that prevents the formation of free radicals and prevents radicals from damaging cells by trapping them. In addition, TBHQ is widely preferred as an additive in foods and vegetable oils because of its low cost and high chemical stability. TBHQ is not only a food preservative but is also frequently used as a stabilizer to prevent auto-polymerization in cosmetics, biodiesel, pharmaceuticals, coating products, and different application areas. TBHQ has been shown to cause diseases, such as DNA damage, carcinogenesis, and cell apoptosis, when administered at high doses. Excessive consumption of TBHQ causes adverse effects, such as stomach tumors, liver damage, and underdevelopment of the reproductive system. Different analytical methods have been used to detect TBHQ in food samples. The most important of these methods are traditional analytical methods such as chromatographic and spectrophotometric methods. However, these methods have basic shortcomings such as high analysis costs, long pre-processing, expensive equipment, need for many organic solvents, requiring expertise, and long detection times. In recent years, electrochemical sensors have attracted attention in the scientific world owing to their high sensitivity, fast analysis time, portability, low cost, and convenience of miniaturization. This review discusses electrochemical studies performed to date for the determination of TBHQ in food samples. The methods used in these studies have been evaluated in a wide range of aspects, such as the electrode, working range, detection limits, and analytical applications.