bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and MRI Predictors of No Early Recanalization Within 1 Hour After Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator Administration
Authors: Kimura Kazumi , Sakamoto Yuki , Aoki Junya , Iguchi Yasuyuki , Shibazaki Kensaku , Inoue Takashi 
Published: August 2011

Background and Purpose—
The aim of the present study was to investigate independent clinical and MRI factors associated with no early recanalization within 1 hour after tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) administration.

Methods—
Patients with acute stroke within 3 hours of onset who were treated with tPA were studied prospectively. Patients with internal carotid artery, M1, and M2 occlusion were enrolled, and independent clinical and MRI factors associated with no early recanalization within 1 hour after tPA administration were examined using multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Results—

One hundred thirty-two patients (63 men; mean age, 76.4±10.2 years; internal carotid artery occlusion in 37 patients, M1 occlusion in 58, and M2 occlusion in 37) were enrolled. Follow-up MR angiography within 60 minutes after tPA infusion revealed early recanalization in 49 (37.1%) patients (complete in 16 patients, partial in 33) and no recanalization in 83 (62.9%). Using 8 variables (atrial fibrillation, time from stroke onset to treatment ≥140 minutes, use of warfarin, glucose ≥135 mg/dL, large artery diseases, internal carotid artery occlusion, M1 occlusion, and M1 susceptibility vessel sign on T2*) identified on univariate analysis at
P
<0.2, multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that M1 susceptibility vessel sign was the only independent factor associated with no early recanalization (OR, 7.157; 95% CI, 1.756 to 29.172;
P
=0.006). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of M1 susceptibility vessel sign for predicting no early recanalization were 31.3%, 93.9%, 89.7%, and 44.7%, respectively.

Conclusions—
Of clinical and MRI factors before tPA infusion, M1 susceptibility vessel sign on T* is the only independent factor associated with no early recanalization within 1 hour after tPA administration.
The Ventilated Ocean
Authors: Haertel Patrick , Fedorov Alexey 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
Adiabatic theories of ocean circulation and density structure have a long tradition, from the concept of the ventilated thermocline to the notion that deep ocean ventilation is controlled by westerly winds over the Southern Ocean. This study explores these ideas using a recently developed Lagrangian ocean model (LOM), which simulates ocean motions by computing trajectories of water parcels. A unique feature of the LOM is its capacity to model ocean circulations in the adiabatic limit, in which water parcels exactly conserve their densities when they are not in contact with the ocean surface. The authors take advantage of this property of the LOM and consider the circulation and stratification that develop in an ocean with a fully adiabatic interior (with both isopycnal and diapycnal diffusivities set to zero). The ocean basin in the study mimics that of the Atlantic Ocean and includes a circumpolar channel. The model is forced by zonal wind stress and a density restoring at the surface.
Despite the idealized geometry, the relatively coarse model resolution, and the lack of atmospheric coupling, the nondiffusive ocean maintains a density structure and meridional overturning that are broadly in line with those observed in the Atlantic Ocean. These are generated by just a handful of key water pathways, including shallow tropical cells described by ventilated thermocline theory; a deep overturning cell in which sinking North Atlantic Deep Water eventually upwells in the Southern Ocean before returning northward as Antarctic Intermediate Water; a Deacon cell that results from a topographically steered and corkscrewing circumpolar current; and weakly overturning Antarctic Bottom Water, which is effectively ventilated only in the Southern Hemisphere.
The main conclusion of this study is that the adiabatic limit for the ocean interior provides the leading-order solution for ocean overturning and density structure, with tracer diffusion contributing first-order perturbations. Comparing nondiffusive and diffusive experiments helps to quantify the changes in stratification and circulation that result from adding a moderate amount of tracer diffusion in the ocean model, and these include an increase in the amplitude of the deep meridional overturning cell of several Sverdrups, a 10%–20% increase in Northern Hemispheric northward heat transport, a stronger stratification just below the main thermocline, and a more realistic bottom overturning cell.
Osteochondral Transplantation in the Elbow Leads to Good Clinical and Radiologic Long-term Results
Authors: Vogt Stephan , Siebenlist Sebastian , Hensler Daniel , Weigelt Lizzy , Ansah Patrick , Woertler Klaus , Imhoff Andreas B. 
Published: August 2011

Background: In the long-term follow-up after debridement, microfracture, or drilling of osteochondral lesions in the elbow, subsequent osteoarthritis is a problem. Osteochondral transplantation for these defects has become a more common procedure. However, long-term results are unknown. Purpose: This study was undertaken to evaluate long-term clinical and radiologic outcomes of advanced osteochondral lesions in the elbow treated with osteochondral transplantation. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: The study included 8 patients with osteochondral lesions in the elbow who were treated by autologous osteochondral transplantation between 1996 and 2002. Patients (average age, 17 years) were evaluated pre- and postoperatively by Broberg-Morrey score to assess elbow function and by American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score for pain analysis. In addition, radiographs (at the first postoperative day, and at 5-year and 10-year follow-up) and magnetic resonance images (8 to 12 weeks postoperatively, and at 5-year and 10-year follow-up) were made to evaluate the joint status. At last follow-up (range, 8-14 years postoperatively), 7 of 8 patients were seen for clinical examination and radiologic analysis. Results: The Broberg-Morrey score increased from an average of 75.9 ± 13.1 to 96.4 ± 2.4 and ASES score significantly improved as follows: worst pain, 7.9 ± 1.1 to 1.6 ± 1.9; rest pain, 3.14 ± 2.7 to 0.6 ± 1.5; weight-lifting pain, 7.6 ± 0.8 to 3.1 ± 1.6; and repetitive movement pain, 5.3 ± 2.4 to 1.6 ± 1.5. Compared with the contralateral side, there was a mean preoperative flexion lag of 12.5° ± 11.6°. At the final follow-up, flexion was free. The mean extension lag was reduced from average 5.4° ± 5.7° to 0°. Radiographs of 2 patients made at final follow-up showed mild signs of osteoarthritis (Kellgren and Lawrence grade I). Postoperative magnetic resonance images showed graft viability in all and a congruent chondral surface in 6 of 7 patients. Conclusion: Clinical long-term results after osteochondral transplantation in the elbow are good to excellent and comparable with midterm results in the literature. Therefore, this technique is a reliable option for satisfactory long-term results regarding treatment of advanced osteochondral lesions in the elbow.
“Gender Trouble”
Authors: Miller Genna R. 
Published: August 2011

This paper explores the relationship between gender equality and economic democracy in worker cooperatives in the United States. A specific method for analyzing women’s status in worker cooperatives is proposed. Preliminary findings from a small-scale survey of U.S. worker cooperatives in 2001 are presented, showing that despite the egalitarian nature of cooperatives several gender inequalities persist. JEL classification: J54, B54, P13
User Satisfaction among Inpatients in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Kuttichira Praveenlal , Rejani P.P. 
Published: August 2011

User satisfaction is an important factor which should guide the running of any establishment. In the field of healthcare delivery, taking feedback is rare at least in the state of Kerala. Due to paucity of reports in scientific journals, a survey was conducted at a Government Medical College to assess the level of user satisfaction. Using a pre-designed proforma, trained social workers gathered information from the discharged patients during a period of two weeks. The coverage was 31.6 per cent of all discharged patients. About two-thirds of the respondents gave positive results on registration for-malities, accommodation facilities, water supply and lighting facilities, general cleanliness, bathrooms and toilets, availability of medicines, service of doctors, services of different wings of the hospitals and fee structure. There were reports about corruption among staff. However the majority of patients preferred to suggest this hospital to friends and relatives and for future consultations.
Multiple sclerosis prevalence in Malaga, Southern Spain estimated by the capture–recapture method
Authors: Fernández O , Fernández V , Guerrero M , León A , López-Madrona JC , Alonso A , Bustamante R , Tamayo JA , Romero F , Bravo M , Luque G , García L , Sanchís G , Roman C San , Romero M , Papais-Alvarenga M , de Ramon E 
Published: August 2011

Background: Although not definitively proven, there is commonly accepted to be a latitudinal gradient in the distribution of multiple sclerosis (MS), which is more frequent in temperate zones. The European Mediterranean countries are situated in a zone of median frequency, although ever increasing figures have been noted in the last decades. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the current prevalence rate of MS in the province of Malaga, Southern Spain. Methods: The capture–recapture method (CRM) uses independent sources of data and permits the number of non-registered cases of a given disease to be estimated, and by doing so, to avoid ascertainment bias. Results: Use of this method showed the estimated prevalence rate of MS in the province of Malaga, Southern Spain, to be 125/105 (95% confidence interval: 102/105–169/105), higher than the figures published previously. Conclusions: Although we recognize that these data need to be confirmed in further studies and in other areas of the country using a similar method, we believe this study is the first to find such high figure of prevalence, being very similar to the figures reported in recent years in other southern European countries.
Elevated plasma glucosylsphingosine in Gaucher disease: relation to phenotype, storage cell markers, and therapeutic response
Authors: Dekker Nick , van Dussen Laura , Hollak Carla E. M. , Overkleeft Herman , Scheij Saskia , Ghauharali Karen , van Breemen Mariëlle J. , Ferraz Maria J. , Groener Johanna E. M. , Maas Mario , Wijburg Frits A. , Speijer Dave , Tylki-Szymanska Anna , Mistry Pramod K. , Boot Rolf G. , Aerts Johannes M. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractGaucher disease, caused by a deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase, leads to prominent glucosylceramide accumulation in lysosomes of tissue macrophages (Gaucher cells). Here we show glucosylsphingosine, the deacylated form of glucosylceramide, to be markedly increased in plasma of symptomatic nonneuronopathic (type 1) Gaucher patients (n = 64, median = 230.7nM, range 15.6-1035.2nM; normal (n = 28): median 1.3nM, range 0.8-2.7nM). The method developed for mass spectrometric quantification of plasma glucosylsphingosine is sensitive and robust. Plasma glucosylsphingosine levels correlate with established plasma markers of Gaucher cells, chitotriosidase (ρ = 0.66) and CCL18 (ρ = 0.40). Treatment of Gaucher disease patients by supplementing macrophages with mannose-receptor targeted recombinant glucocerebrosidase results in glucosylsphingosine reduction, similar to protein markers of Gaucher cells. Since macrophages prominently accumulate the lysoglycosphingolipid on glucocerebrosidase inactivation, Gaucher cells seem a major source of the elevated plasma glucosylsphingosine. Our findings show that plasma glucosylsphingosine can qualify as a biomarker for type 1 Gaucher disease, but that further investigations are warranted regarding its relationship with clinical manifestations of Gaucher disease.
Novel protein ADTRP regulates TFPI expression and function in human endothelial cells in normal conditions and in response to androgen
Authors: Lupu Cristina , Zhu Hua , Popescu Narcis I. , Wren Jonathan D. , Lupu Florea 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThrombosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD) represent major causes of morbidity and mortality. Low androgen correlates with higher incidence of CVD/thrombosis. Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor (TFPI) is the major inhibitor of tissue factor-factor VIIa (TF-FVIIa)–dependent FXa generation. Because endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction leading to vascular disease correlates with low EC-associated TFPI, we sought to identify mechanisms that regulate the natural expression of TFPI. Data mining of NCBI's GEO microarrays revealed strong coexpression between TFPI and the uncharacterized protein encoded by C6ORF105, which is predicted to be multispan, palmitoylated and androgen-responsive. We demonstrate that this protein regulates both the native and androgen-enhanced TFPI expression and activity in cultured ECs, and we named it androgen-dependent TFPI-regulating protein (ADTRP). We confirm ADTRP expression and colocalization with TFPI and caveolin-1 in ECs. ADTRP-shRNA reduces, while over-expression of ADTRP enhances, TFPI mRNA and activity and the colocalization of TF-FVIIa–FXa-TFPI with caveolin-1. Imaging and Triton X-114–extraction confirm TFPI and ADTRP association with lipid rafts/caveolae. Dihydrotestosterone up-regulates TFPI and ADTRP expression, and increases FXa inhibition by TFPI in an ADTRP- and caveolin-1-dependent manner. We conclude that the ADTRP-dependent up-regulation of TFPI expression and activity by androgen represents a novel mechanism of increasing the anticoagulant protection of the endothelium.
Is heparin a placental anticoagulant in high-risk pregnancies?
Authors: Kingdom John C. P. , Drewlo Sascha 
Published: August 2011

AbstractRandomized control trials show beneficial effects of heparin in high-risk pregnancies to prevent preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction. However, the lack of placental pathology data in these trials challenges the assumption that heparin is a placental anticoagulant. Recent data show that placental infarction is probably associated with abnormalities in development of the placenta, characterized by poor maternal perfusion and an abnormal villous trophoblast compartment in contact with maternal blood, than with maternal thrombophilia. At-risk pregnancies may therefore be predicted by noninvasive prenatal testing of placental function in mid-pregnancy. Heparin has diverse cellular functions that include direct actions on the trophoblast. Dissecting the non–anticoagulant actions of heparin may indicate novel and safer therapeutic targets to prevent the major placental complications of pregnancy.
A 2-step approach to myeloablative haploidentical stem cell transplantation: a phase 1/2 trial performed with optimized T-cell dosing
Authors: Grosso Dolores , Carabasi Matthew , Filicko-O'Hara Joanne , Kasner Margaret , Wagner John L. , Colombe Beth , Cornett Farley Patricia , O'Hara William , Flomenberg Phyllis , Werner-Wasik Maria , Brunner Janet , Mookerjee Bijoyesh , Hyslop Terry , Weiss Mark , Flomenberg Neal 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
Studies of haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) have identified threshold doses of T cells below which severe GVHD is usually absent. However, little is known regarding optimal T-cell dosing as it relates to engraftment, immune reconstitution, and relapse. To begin to address this question, we developed a 2-step myeloablative approach to haploidentical HSCT in which 27 patients conditioned with total body irradiation (TBI) were given a fixed dose of donor T cells (HSCT step 1), followed by cyclophosphamide (CY) for T-cell tolerization. A CD34-selected HSC product (HSCT step 2) was infused after CY. A dose of 2 × 108/kg of T cells resulted in consistent engraftment, immune reconstitution, and acceptable rates of GVHD. Cumulative incidences of grade III-IV GVHD, nonrelapse mortality (NRM), and relapse-related mortality were 7.4%, 22.2%, and 29.6%, respectively. With a follow-up of 28-56 months, the 3-year probability of overall survival for the whole cohort is 48% and 75% in patients without disease at HSCT. In the context of CY tolerization, a high, fixed dose of haploidentical T cells was associated with encouraging outcomes, especially in good-risk patients, and can serve as the basis for further exploration and optimization of this 2-step approach. This study is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00429143.
Funding mechanisms and program management at the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute: confronting new challenges and exploring new opportunities
Authors: Shurin Susan B. 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
Over the past 8 years, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) budget appropriation has lost purchasing power, with erosion of the benefits of the doubling of the budget less than a decade ago. For the first time in 40 years, the NIH appropriation in fiscal year 2011 was 1% less than in the previous year. The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) has been closely managing its funds to protect its core functions: support and conduct of research, and training of biomedical research scientists. Rigorous evaluations of funding mechanisms, management of clinical studies, set-aside programs and funding guidelines are designed to help the Institute, in consultation with its advisory council, to minimize the long-term impact of extreme resource limitations on the advance and conduct of science. This report describes some recent actions taken by the NHLBI to maximize support for investigator-initiated research, maintain a balanced portfolio, and provide as much support as possible for established and early-stage investigators.
Gene- or region-based association study via kernel principal component analysis
Authors: Gao Qingsong , He Yungang , Yuan Zhongshang , Zhao Jinghua , Zhang Bingbing , Xue Fuzhong 
Published: August 2011

Abstract

Background
In genetic association study, especially in GWAS, gene- or region-based methods have been more popular to detect the association between multiple SNPs and diseases (or traits). Kernel principal component analysis combined with logistic regression test (KPCA-LRT) has been successfully used in classifying gene expression data. Nevertheless, the purpose of association study is to detect the correlation between genetic variations and disease rather than to classify the sample, and the genomic data is categorical rather than numerical. Recently, although the kernel-based logistic regression model in association study has been proposed by projecting the nonlinear original SNPs data into a linear feature space, it is still impacted by multicolinearity between the projections, which may lead to loss of power. We, therefore, proposed a KPCA-LRT model to avoid the multicolinearity.

Results
Simulation results showed that KPCA-LRT was always more powerful than principal component analysis combined with logistic regression test (PCA-LRT) at different sample sizes, different significant levels and different relative risks, especially at the genewide level (1E-5) and lower relative risks (RR = 1.2, 1.3). Application to the four gene regions of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) data from Genetic Analysis Workshop16 (GAW16) indicated that KPCA-LRT had better performance than single-locus test and PCA-LRT.

Conclusions
KPCA-LRT is a valid and powerful gene- or region-based method for the analysis of GWAS data set, especially under lower relative risks and lower significant levels.
Evaluation of two commercial global miRNA expression profiling platforms for detection of less abundant miRNAs
Authors: Jensen Steffen G , Lamy Philippe , Rasmussen Mads H , Ostenfeld Marie S , Dyrskjøt Lars , Ørntoft Torben F , Andersen Claus L 
Published: August 2011

Abstract

Background
microRNAs (miRNA) are short, endogenous transcripts that negatively regulate the expression of specific mRNA targets. miRNAs are found both in tissues and body fluids such as plasma. A major perspective for the use of miRNAs in the clinical setting is as diagnostic plasma markers for neoplasia. While miRNAs are abundant in tissues, they are often scarce in plasma. For quantification of miRNA in plasma it is therefore of importance to use a platform with high sensitivity and linear performance in the low concentration range. This motivated us to evaluate the performance of three commonly used commercial miRNA quantification platforms: GeneChip miRNA 2.0 Array, miRCURY Ready-to-Use PCR, Human panel I+II V1.M, and TaqMan Human MicroRNA Array v3.0.

Results
Using synthetic miRNA samples and plasma RNA samples spiked with different ratios of 174 synthetic miRNAs we assessed the performance characteristics reproducibility, recovery, specificity, sensitivity and linearity. It was found that while the qRT-PCR based platforms were sufficiently sensitive to reproducibly detect miRNAs at the abundance levels found in human plasma, the array based platform was not. At high miRNA levels both qRT-PCR based platforms performed well in terms of specificity, reproducibility and recovery. At low miRNA levels, as in plasma, the miRCURY platform showed better sensitivity and linearity than the TaqMan platform.

Conclusion
For profiling clinical samples with low miRNA abundance, such as plasma samples, the miRCURY platform with its better sensitivity and linearity would probably be superior.
Evaluation of stool microbiota signatures in two cohorts of Asian (Singapore and Indonesia) newborns at risk of atopy
Authors: Yap Gaik Chin , Chee Kok Keong , Hong Pei-Ying , Lay Christophe , Satria Cahya D , Sumadiono  , Soenarto Yati , Haksari Ekawaty L , Aw Marion , Shek Lynette Pei-Chi , Chua Kaw Yan , Zhao Yudong , Leow Doreen , Lee Bee Wah 
Published: August 2011

AbstractBackgroundStudies have suggested that demographic and lifestyle factors could shape the composition of fecal microbiota in early life. This study evaluated infant stool microbiota signatures in two Asian populations, Singapore (n = 42) and Indonesia (n = 32) with contrasting socioeconomic development, and examined the putative influences of demographic factors on these human fecal associated bacterial signatures.ResultsLongitudinal analysis showed associations of geographical origin withClostridium leptum, AtopobiumandBifidobacteriumgroups. Mode of delivery had the largest effect on stool microbiota signatures influencing the abundance of four bacterial groups. Significantly higher abundance of bacterial members belonging to theBacteroides-Prevotella, BifidobacteriumandAtopobiumgroups, but lower abundance ofLactobacilli-Enterococcigroup members, were observed in vaginal delivered compared to caesarean delivered infants. Demographic factors influencing the structure of infants stool microbiota during the first year of life included breastfeeding, age of weaning, sibship size and exposure to antibiotics.ConclusionsDifferences in stool microbiota signatures were observed in relation to various demographic factors. These features may confound studies relating to the association of the structure of fecal microbiota and the predisposition to human modern disease.