bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunological Adjuvant Effect of a Water‐Soluble Polysaccharide, CPP, from the Roots of Codonopsis pilosula on the Immune Responses to Ovalbumin in Mice
Authors: Sun Yong‐Xu 
Published: June 2009

AbstractIn this study, one water‐soluble polysaccharide, CPP, was purified from the root of Codonopsis pilosula. The immunomodulatory effect and the adjuvant potential of CPP on the cellular and humoral immune response of ICR mice against ovalbumin (OVA) were investigated. CPP was shown not to be lethal in vivo for mice in doses ranging from 0.5 to 4 mg. ICR Mice were immunized subcutaneously with 0.1 mg of OVA alone or with 0.1 mg of OVA dissolved in saline‐containing aluminum hydroxide gel (Alum) (0.2 mg), QuilA (0.01 and 0.02 mg) or CPP (0.5, 1 or 2 mg) on days 1 and 15. Two weeks later (day 28), concanavalin A (ConA)‐, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐, and OVA‐stimulated splenocyte proliferation, and OVA‐specific serum antibodies were measured. CPP significantly enhanced the ConA‐, LPS‐, or OVA‐induced splenocyte proliferation in the OVA‐immunized mice especially at a dose of 1 mg (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The OVA‐specific IgG, IgG1, and IgG2b antibody levels in serum were also significantly enhanced by CPP compared with OVA control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The results suggest that CPP could be a safe efficacious adjuvant for use in vaccines against both pathogens and cancer.
Stemucronatoside L, a Pregnane Glycoside from the Roots of Stephanotis mucronata, Inhibits Th1/Th2 Immune Responses in vitro
Authors: Chen Feng‐Yang , Ye Yi‐Ping , Sun Hong‐Xiang , Li Xiao‐Yu , Shi Hong 
Published: June 2009

Abstractmagnified imageStemucronatoside L (SML), isolated from Stephanotis mucronata, could suppress the activation of T cells in vitro. However, the mechanisms responsible for its immunosuppressive activity remain poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether SML could suppress Th1/Th2 immune responses and to characterize the cellular mechanisms involved. Effects of SML on T‐lymphocyte subsets and the production of Th1 cytokines IL‐2 and IFN‐γ, and Th2 cytokines IL‐4 and IL‐10 from ConA‐stimulated mice splenocytes were detected by flow‐cytometric analysis and ELISA method, respectively. Furthermore, effects of SML on mRNA expression level of Th1/Th2 cytokines and transcription factors T‐bet and GATA‐3 were evaluated by RT‐PCR analysis. SML not only significantly decreased the percentage of CD4+ T cells and the CD4+/CD8+ ratio, but reduced the production of Th1/Th2 cytokines in a concentration‐dependent manner. The mRNA expression levels of Th1/Th2 cytokines and transcription factors (T‐bet and GATA‐3) were also suppressed by SML. These results suggested that SML could simultaneously inhibit Th1/Th2 immune responses by suppressing gene expression of Th1/Th2 cytokines and transcription factors.
Effective Insect Repellent Formulation in both Surfactantless and Classical Microemulsions with a Long‐Lasting Protection for Human Beings
Authors: Drapeau Jeremy , Verdier Marie , Touraud Didier , Kröckel Ulla , Geier Martin , Rose Andreas , Kunz Werner 
Published: June 2009

Abstractmagnified imageThe aim of this work is to develop a new generation of repellent products with a long‐lasting protection based on a natural component, para‐menthane‐3,8‐diol (PMD). The active is first rendered soluble in a surfactantless microemulsion (H2O/iPrOH/PMD) and then in classical microemulsions. The presence of self‐associated nanostructures is detected by dynamic light scattering (DLS). A synergetic system of surfactants (Cremophor® RH40 and Texapon® N70) is used. Additionally, 2‐ethylhexane‐1,3‐diol and ethyl (−)‐(S)‐lactate are incorporated. The final product contains, as main components, 46% of H2O, 25% of iPrOH, 20% of non‐H2O‐soluble PMD, and only 4% of surfactants. Investigations of lasting protection on human volunteers are carried out using a cage test bioassay protocol and Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. A complete protection of 315 min is found on the test persons using the surfactantless microemulsion. An extension is observed with the final formulation to reach a mean of complete protection of 385 min. This study demonstrates that alternative formulations using a natural active instead of synthetic chemicals like N,N‐diethyl‐m‐methylbenzamide (DEET) can be efficient for human protection against mosquitoes.
Toward Safe Genetically Modified Organisms through the Chemical Diversification of Nucleic Acids
Authors: Herdewijn Piet , Marlière Philippe 
Published: June 2009

AbstractimageIt is argued that genetic proliferation should be rationally extended so as to enable the propagation in vivo of additional types of nucleic acids (XNA for ‘xeno‐nucleic acids’), whose chemical backbone motifs would differ from deoxyribose and ribose, and whose polymerization would not interfere with DNA and RNA biosynthesis. Because XNA building blocks do not occur in nature, they would have to be synthesized and supplied to cells which would be equipped with an appropriate enzymatic machinery for polymerizing them. The invasion of plants and animals with XNA replicons can be envisioned in the long run, but it is in microorganisms, and more specifically in bacteria, that the feasibility of such chemical systems and the establishment of genetic enclaves separated from DNA and RNA is more likely to take place. The introduction of expanded coding through additional or alternative pairing will be facilitated by the propagation of replicons based on alternative backbone motifs and leaving groups, as enabled by XNA polymerases purposefully evolved to this end.
ICAT as a potential enhancer of monocytic differentiation: implications from the comparative proteome analysis of the HL60 cell line stimulated by all‐trans retinoic acid and NSC67657
Authors: Wang Weijia , Zhang Xiuming , Deng Kaiying , Huang Shifeng , Mao Xiaoqin , Fu Yurong , Yi Zhengjun , Yan Yurong , Qiu Zongyin 
Published: June 2009

AbstractA novel sterol mesylate compound (NSC67657) was recently identified and reported by National Cancer Institute that could efficiently induce the differentiation of HL60 cells into monocytes in vitro and in vivo. The expression of many proteins would have been changed during the differentiation process, and some proteins may have played key roles in the differentiation of HL60 cell line induced by this drug. Therefore, we treated HL60 cells with NSC67657 and all‐trans retinoic acid (ATRA) to identify the differentially expressed proteins and determine their functions in cellular differentiation. Of the 45 differentially expressed protein spots investigated, 24 were either elevated or decreased in both the monocytic and granulocytic differentiating HL60 cells, 8 showed significant changes only when induced by NSC67657, and 13 showed significant changes only when induced by ATRA. After verification by RT‐PCR, Western blotting, and immunocytochemistry, only the protein ICAT was found to be elevated by NSC67657 treatment alone. Although the over‐expression of ICAT is not sufficient to induce the differentiation of HL60 cells into monocytes, it did increase the proportion of CD14+ cells in cells pretreated with NSC67657. Successful application of multiple techniques including two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis, matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry, Western blotting, and eukaryotic electroporation revealed that proteomic and molecular biological analyses provide valuable tools in drug development research. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cover Picture: Analysis of Protein–Protein Interactions by Using Droplet‐Based Microfluidics (ChemBioChem 10/2009)
Authors: Srisa‐Art Monpichar , Kang Dong‐Ku , Hong Jongin , Park Hyun , Leatherbarrow Robin J. , Edel Joshua B. , Chang Soo‐Ik , deMello Andrew J. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe cover picture shows a segmented‐flow microfluidic system that was used to analyse protein–protein interactions in picolitre droplets. The 400 pL aqueous droplets were formed, encapsulated by a carrier fluid, and then transported through a 50 μm‐wide microchannel at a constant velocity. Each droplet contained fluorescently labelled antigens and antibodies, and FRET was used to report protein–protein interactions. Angiogenin (ANG), a small polypeptide implicated in angiogenesis and tumour growth, was selected as a model protein. Specifically, an anti‐ANG antibody (anti‐ANG Ab) and an ANG antigen were labelled with fluorophores to act as donor and acceptor in the FRET measurements. KD values for ANG and anti‐ANG Ab from these experiments (KD=6.4±1.6 nM) agree closely with data from bulk fluorescence polarisation measurements KD=9.0±1.5 nM). We expect that this novel experimental platform will have significant application in high‐throughput protein expression profiling and drug discovery. For further details, see the article by S.‐I. Chang, A. J. deMello et al. on p. 1605 ff.magnified image
Retrograde recanalization of native coronary artery chronic occlusions via acutely occluded vein grafts
Authors: Brilakis Emmanouil S. , Banerjee Subhash , Lombardi William L. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractTreatment of acutely occluded saphenous vein grafts may be challenging due to large thrombus burden and diffuse disease. We report two cases of thrombotic saphenous vein graft occlusion, in which after percutaneous attempts to recanalize the saphenous vein graft failed, the target native coronary artery chronic total occlusions were successfully treated using a retrograde approach. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Changes in mitral regurgitation after transcatheter aortic valve implantation
Authors: Tzikas Apostolos , Piazza Nicolo , van Dalen Bas M. , Schultz Carl , Geleijnse Marcel L. , van Geuns Robert‐Jan , Galema Tjebbe W. , Nuis Rutger‐Jan , Otten Amber , Gutierrez‐Chico Juan‐Luis , Serruys Patrick W. , de Jaegere Peter P. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractObjectives: To assess the acute and intermediate changes in mitral regurgitation (MR) severity after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) with the CoreValve Revalving SystemTM (CRS). Background: Following surgical aortic valve replacement, improvement in MR is reported in 27–82% of the patients. The changes in MR severity following CRS implantation are unknown. Methods: Transthoracic echocardiography was performed in 79 consecutive patients before and after treatment, and at the first outpatient visit. Left ventricular dimensions and ejection fraction (LVEF), left atrial (LA) size, and aortic gradient were measured. MR was assessed by color flow mapping and was graded as none, mild, moderate, or severe. It was defined as organic or functional. The depth of CRS implantation was measured by angiography. Results: Post‐treatment, the mean gradient decreased from 48 ± 16 mm Hg to 9 ± 5 mm Hg (P < 0.0001). There was no significant change in the left ventricular dimensions, LA size, and LVEF. MR pretreatment was mild, moderate, or severe in 57%, 18%, and 1% of the patients, respectively. It was defined as organic in 27 patients (36%) and functional in 27 patients (36%). The degree of MR remained unchanged in 61% of the patients, improved in 17%, and worsened in 22%. MR improvement was associated with a lower baseline LVEF (P = 0.02). There was no association between the changes in MR severity and the depth of CRS implantation. Conclusions: Most patients who underwent TAVI had some degree of MR. Overall there was no change in the degree of MR post‐treatment. Patients in whom MR improved had a lower LVEF at baseline. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dirhodium(II) Compounds with Bridging Thienylphosphines: Studies on Reversible P,C/P,S Coordination
Authors: Lloret Julio , Estevan Francisco , Lahuerta Pascual , Hirva Pipsa , Pérez‐Prieto Julia , Sanaú Mercedes 
Published: June 2009

AbstractMonocyclometalated compound [Rh2{(C8H4S)P(C8H5S)2}(CH3CO2H)2(O2CCH3)3] (1 a) and bis‐cyclometalated compound [Rh2{(C8H4S)P(C8H5S)2}2(CH3CO2H)2(O2CCH3)2] (2 a) have been isolated from the reaction of dirhodium tetraacetate and tris(2‐benzo[b]thienyl)phosphine (2 BTP) using low acidic solutions. By contrast, in pure acetic acid the reaction of Rh2(O2CCH3)4 with 2 BTP and tris(2‐thienyl)phosphine (2 TP), followed by replacement of the axial acetate ligands by chlorides, led to [Rh2{(2‐C8H5S)P(2‐C8H5S)2}2Cl2(O2CCH3)2] (3 b) and [Rh2{(2‐C4H3S)P(C4H3S)2}2Cl2(O2CCH3)2] (5 b), respectively. These new dirhodium(II) compounds possess equatorial bridging ligands in a phosphorous–sulfur (P,S) coordination mode. The reversible switching between the P,C and P,S bonding mode of the phosphine has been studied in the monocyclometalated [Rh2{(C4H2S)P(C4H3S)2}(CH3CO2H)2(O2CCH3)3] (6 a), which was selectively transformed into compound [Rh2{(2‐C4H3S)P(C4H3S)2}(CF3SO3)(CH3CO2H)(O2CCH3)3] (7 c) in triflic acid media. Remarkably, compound 7 c reverts to the starting compound 6 a upon treatment with sodium acetate. Theoretical DFT calculations for both the P,C/P,S rearrangement and the base‐promoted reversion have been performed to explain the experimental findings. Data suggest the P,C/P,S rearrangement occurs by means of a “concerted protonation–demetalation mechanism” followed by η2 coordination of the thienyl ring and subsequent isomerization to the S‐η1‐coordination mode. In the reversion reaction, the base coordinated at the axial position would promote a concerted metalation–deprotonation mechanism.
Synthesis, Conformational Interconversion, and Photophysics of Tethered Porphyrin–Fullerene Dyads with Parachute Topology
Authors: Fazio Michael A. , Durandin Alexander , Tkachenko Nikolai V. , Niemi Marja , Lemmetyinen Helge , Schuster David I. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe synthesis of a porphyrin–fullerene dyad with “parachute” topology is reported. To determine whether the dyad is “flexing” at room temperature, low‐temperature NMR experiments were used. Computational modeling has shown the low‐energy conformation of the dyad to be nonsymmetric. Although, 1H NMR spectroscopy at room temperature is consistent with a molecule with C2v symmetry, the spectrum changes on lowering the temperature consistent with “windshield wiper”‐like motion, in which the porphyrin moiety rotates from one side of the C60 sphere to the other. Nanosecond and picosecond fluorescence lifetime experiments show two components contribute to the fluorescence decay, also consistent with the presence of more than one conformer.
Trisilyl‐Substituted Vinyl Cations
Authors: Klaer Andrea , Syha Yvonne , Nasiri Hamid Reza , Müller Thomas 
Published: June 2009

AbstractA series of β,β‐disilyl‐substituted vinyl cations were prepared by intramolecular addition of transient silylium ions to CC triple bonds. The vinyl cations were isolated from hydrocarbon solutions as tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl) borates at room temperature. The substituents directly attached to the positively charged carbon atom were varied from tert‐butyl‐ to trialkylsilyl‐ to trialkylgermyl groups. The cations were identified by their characteristic 13C and 29Si NMR data. The NMR investigations revealed for β,β‐disilyl‐α‐germyl‐ and trisilyl‐substituted vinyl cations a highly dynamic structure in which both vinylic carbon atoms undergo an intramolecular exchange process which is fast on the NMR time scale at room temperature. NMR studies using a doubly 13C‐labeled vinyl cation suggest as mechanism for this exchange process a rotation of the dicarbyne CC2− unit within the triangle defined by the three cationic silyl fragments. Therefore the dynamic structure indicated for trisilyl‐ or disilylgermyl‐substituted vinyl cations parallels the situation found for the parent vinyl cation, the protonated acetylene.
Cooperative Acid–Base Effects with Functionalized Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles: Applications in Carbon–Carbon Bond‐Formation Reactions
Authors: Shylesh Sankaranarayanapillai , Wagner Alex , Seifert Andreas , Ernst Stefan , Thiel Werner R. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractAcid–base bifunctional mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) were prepared by a one‐step synthesis by co‐condensation of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and silanes possessing amino and/or sulfonic acid groups. Both the functionality and morphology of the particles can be controlled. The grafted functional groups were characterized by using solid‐state 29Si and 13C cross‐polarization/magic angle spinning (CP/MAS) NMR spectroscopy, thermal analysis, and elemental analysis, whereas the structural and the morphological features of the materials were evaluated by using XRD and N2 adsorption–desorption analyses, and SEM imaging. The catalytic activities of the mono‐ and bifunctional mesoporous hybrid materials were evaluated in carbon–carbon coupling reactions like the nitroaldol reaction and the one‐pot deacetalization–nitroaldol and deacetalization–aldol reactions. Among all the catalysts evaluated, the bifunctional sample containing amine and sulfonic acid groups (MSN–NNH2–SO3H) showed excellent catalytic activity, whereas the homogeneous catalysts were unable to initiate the reaction due to their mutual neutralization in solution. Therefore a cooperative acid–base activation is envisaged for the carbon–carbon coupling reactions.
Structure and Bonding in Neutral and Cationic 14‐Electron Gold Alkyne π Complexes
Authors: Flügge Susanne , Anoop Anakuthil , Goddard Richard , Thiel Walter , Fürstner Alois 
Published: June 2009

AbstractCyclododecyne (5) as a prototype unstrained alkyne was coordinated to either the neutral [AuCl] fragment or to two different cationic [Au(NHC)]+ entities (NHC=N‐heterocyclic carbene), and the resulting complexes 6, 8, and 10 were characterized by X‐ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy. Since the structure of cyclododecyne in the solid state could also be obtained after in situ crystallization, a comparison was possible that provides insights into structural changes imposed on the alkyne by the different gold fragments. These data are interpreted on the basis of a DFT analysis of the bonding situation in the individual compounds, which provides insights into the very first elementary step common to many gold‐catalyzed transformations.
Cover Picture: Synthesis and Reactivity of Functionalized Binary and Ternary Thiometallate Complexes [(RT)4S6], [(RSn)3S4]2−, [(RT)2(CuPPh3)6S6], and [(RSn)6(OMe)6Cu2S6]4− (R=C2H4COOH, CMe2CH2COMe; T=Ge, Sn) (Chem. Eur. J. 27/2009)
Authors: Fard Zohreh Hassanzadeh , Xiong Lin , Müller Christian , Hołyńska Małgorzata , Dehnen Stefanie 
Published: June 2009

AbstractProof‐of‐principle is reported for a directed functionalization and derivatization of chalcogenidometallate cages with respect to the formation of hybrid compounds containing (M)/T/E semi‐conductor nodes (M=Cu; T=Ge, Sn; E=S). In their Full Paper on page 6595 ff., S. Dehnen et al. show how it is possible to generate functionalized ternary CuSnS or CuGeS clusters and to transfer COMe ligands into CR(N–NH2) or CR(N–NHPh) terminal groups by reaction of a series of novel, functionalized thiometallate cages [(RT)nSm] (n/m=4/6, 3/4), the R ligands of which are terminated by COO(H) or COMe.magnified image
ChemInform Abstract: Structure and Stability of Water Chains (H2O)n, n = 5—20
Authors: Parthasarathi R. , Elango M. , Subramanian V. , Sathyamurthy N. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Probing the Electronic and Structural Properties of the Niobium Trimer Cluster and Its Mono‐ and Dioxides: Nb3On‐ and Nb3On (n = 0—2)
Authors: Zhai Hua‐Jin , Wang Bin , Huang Xin , Wang Lai‐Sheng 
Published: June 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Inhomogeneous 2D Linear Intergrowth Structures Among Novel Y—Cu—Mg Ternary Compounds with Yttrium/Copper Equiatomic Ratio.
Authors: Solokha Pavlo , De Negri Serena , Pavlyuk Volodymyr , Saccone Adriana 
Published: June 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: New Titanium Hydroxyfluoride Ti0.75(OH)1.5F1.5 as a UV Absorber.
Authors: Demourgues A. , Penin N. , Durand E. , Weill F. , Dambournet D. , Viadere N. , Tressaud A. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Magnetic Properties of K4Mn3(HPO4)4 (H2PO4)2.
Authors: Feng Dawei , Wang Cheng , Cheng Wentai , Li Guobao , Tian Shujian , Liao Fuhui , Xiong Ming , Lin Jianhua 
Published: June 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Linking Structural Dynamics and Functional Diversity in Asymmetric Catalysis.
Authors: Nojiri Akihiro , Kumagai Naoya , Shibasaki Masakatsu 
Published: June 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Enantioselective Aldol Reactions Catalyzed by a Proline—Thiourea Host—Guest Complex.
Authors: Reis Oemer , Eymur Serkan , Reis Barbaros , Demir Ayhan S. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold‐Catalyzed [4C + 3C] Intramolecular Cycloaddition of Allenedienes: Synthetic Potential and Mechanistic Implications.
Authors: Trillo Beatriz , Lopez Fernando , Montserrat Sergi , Ujaque Gregori , Castedo Luis , Lledos Agusti , Mascarenas Jose L. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold(I) Complexes of KITPHOS Monophosphines: Efficient Cycloisomerization Catalysts
Authors: Hashmi A. Stephen K. , Loos Annette , Littmann Anna , Braun Ingo , Knight Julian , Doherty Simon , Rominger Frank 
Published: June 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.