bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Occurrence of Dictyosphaeria (Cladophorales, Chlorophyta) species on the Brazilian coast and oceanic islands, based on morphological and molecular data
Authors: Brito Jhullyrson Osman Ferreira de , Santos Silva Michelle Cristine , Oliveira Mariana Cabral , Pellizzari Franciane , Cassano Valéria , Gama Watson Arantes 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Molecular data related to morphology from the multicellular vesiculated genus Dictyosphaeria are scarce. We provide the first molecular data on Dictyosphaeria species from the southwestern Atlantic Ocean, sampled from the Brazilian northeastern coast, and two oceanic islands (Trindade, southeastern Brazil, and Fernando de Noronha, northeastern Brazil). The samples from Brazil were morphologically identified as Dictyosphaeria versluysii and D. ocellata. Our newly generated sequences of D. versluysii formed a monophyletic clade, while their relationship with D. versluysii from the Indo-Pacific Ocean, where the type locality of the species is located, was unresolved. Additionally, the newly generated sequences of D. ocellata confirm its status as a distinct species but reinforce the difficulties in morphologically separating this species. These results might be indicative of cryptic diversity in D. versluysii and highlight the need for molecular data from other geographic locations to understand the diversity and distribution of Dictyosphaeria species.
Critical Multitype Branching Processes with Random Migration
Authors: González Miguel , Martín-Chávez Pedro , del Puerto Inés 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to introduce a multitype branching process with random migration following the research initiated with the Galton–Watson process with migration introduced in [N. M. Yanev and K. V. Mitov,
Controlled branching processes: The case of random migration,
C. R. Acad. Bulgare Sci. 33 1980, 4, 473–475]. We focus our attention in what we call the critical case. Sufficient conditions are provided for the process to have unlimited growth or not. Furthermore, using suitable normalizing sequences, we study the asymptotic distribution of the process. Finally, we obtain a Feller-type diffusion approximation.
Preparation of silymarin-loaded zein polysaccharide core–shell nanostructures and evaluation of their biological potentials
Authors: Khalil Muhammad Saqib , Khan Ibrar , Khan Farhat Ali , Shireen Farah , Zahoor Muhammad , Azam Sadiq , Kumar Sanjeet , Ullah Riaz , Esa Muhammad , Bari Ahmed 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Silymarin-loaded zein polysaccharide core–shell nanoparticles (SZPCS-NPs) were synthesized where sodium alginate and pectin offer stability and controlled release qualities to zein, a maize protein, having excellent biocompatibility. The present study is an attempt to develop zein–silymarin polysaccharide core–shell nanostructures to enhance water solubility, thereby improving bioavailability and producing enhanced biological responses in living systems. SZPCS-NPs were prepared using pH-induced antisolvent precipitation method. Five different types of SZPCS-NPs were synthesized using different combinations of sodium alginate and pectin, namely P100–A00 (non-uniform size ranging from 20 to 100 nm), P70–A30 (spherical and uniform size measuring approximately 80 nm in diameter), P50–A50, P30–A70, and P00–A100 exhibited irregular shapes with the presence of some triangular and oval structures and non-uniform size ranging from 20 to 100 nm. The SZPCS-NPs P70–A30 possessed the best results in terms of shape, size, and other characterization studies. Furthermore, the SZPCS-NPs possessed a percent drug loading of 72.5% and entrapment efficiency of 51.7%, respectively. The resulting SZPCS-NPs exhibited an excellent relative bioavailability percentage of 97.4% in comparison to commercial silymarin, having 58.1%, and crude silymarin, having 46.97% bioavailability percentage, correspondingly. In addition, SZPCS-NPs possessed an almost two folds’ increase in antioxidant activity in comparison to crude and commercially available silymarin. Similarly, SZPCS-NPs also showed better stabilization in hepatic biomarker enzymes and possessed better hepatoprotective activity for a period of 6 weeks, in contrast to commercial and crude silymarin formulations.
Resting her Case: “MeToo à la française” – Springora and Others
Authors: Almog Shulamit , Amar Ruth 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In January 2020, Vanessa Springora published Consent, an unusual memoir that discloses the elaborated version of a personal story. Springora was 14 years old when she met the 50-year-old Gabriel Matzneff, a well-known French writer. Thirty years later, she decided to take back the agency that she claims was taken from her, with the artilleries of literature. While closely following Springora’s narrative, the paper focuses on the emergence of a new “memoir genre”, which besides presenting a platform for personal redemption, instigated an important shift within the French public opinion regarding the nature of consent, and ignited significant legal reform in this regard. As will be elaborated, Consent and other works in similar spirit appositely demonstrate the power of law to stimulate certain narrative patterns, and the power of stories to influence cultural atmosphere which leads to legal changes.
The Istanbul Convention, Sofagate, and Turkey’s EU Candidacy: A Gender-Centric Convergence Analysis
Authors: Kollias Christos , Messis Petros 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Gender-related issues feature prominently on the EU’s agenda and in policies such as the Gender Equality Strategy 2020–2025 which identifies gender equality as a core principle of the EU. Within the broader convergence discourse which examines whether candidate countries are converging with the EU, prompted by Turkey’s withdrawal from the Council of Europe Istanbul Convention and the Sofagate incident, this paper conducts a gender-centric convergence analysis in the case Turkey. To this end, it uses five gender-focused indices compiled by the Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) project. The empirical results from the convergence tests do not provide evidence supporting convergence in terms of these five gender-related indices. The findings of the present study concur with the existing relevant literature and should be viewed in the broader context of Turkey’s democratic backsliding and de-Europeanization process.
Achievement or Social Background? The Impact of Tracking on the Composition of Schools in an International Comparison
Authors: Brinkmann Maximilian , Huth-Stöckle Nora , Schunck Reinhard , Teltemann Janna 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This study explores the implications of early between-school tracking within educational systems – a practice that involves sorting students into different educational pathways based on their achievement levels. We examine two potential effects of this process: (i) the promotion of homogeneous learning environments through tracking, and (ii) the potential for tracking to exacerbate social segregation among schools. To scrutinize these effects, we analyze data from the assessment studies PISA, TIMSS, and PIRLS (1995–2019). Additionally, we investigate whether school selectivity influences the tracking effects. Using difference-in-differences models combined with multiverse analyses, our findings demonstrate that early between-school tracking indeed contributes to the homogeneity of learning environments and can lead to increased social school segregation. However, our results do not indicate a moderating role of school selectivity.
„Moralismus“ als „fait social“. Eine Formalanalyse moralischer Konfliktpotentiale
Authors: Schneider Christoph 
Published: May 2024

ZusammenfassungDer Artikel befragt das Phänomen des „Moralismus“ nach den handlungsstrukturierenden Bedingungen von Beziehungsmustern und Akteursverhältnissen, innerhalb derer sich Moralakteur:innen und ihre Gegenspieler:innen in Gesellschaft begegnen. Das Augenmerk gilt dabei einer Auswahl an idealtypischen Interaktionsrahmungen und daraus resultierenden Handlungszwängen, aufgrund derer die Wahrscheinlichkeit konfliktverschärfender Effekte durch Moralbeanspruchung für die darin involvierten Akteur:innen ansteigt. Nicht dem Werteprogramm der Moral an sich wird aus dieser Perspektive Aufmerksamkeit geschenkt, als vielmehr den akteursbezogenen Kontextbedingungen derjenigen sozialen Interaktionsformen, im Rahmen derer Moralkonflikte in Gesellschaft ausgetragen werden.
Institutional effects on family business internationalization: A systematic review
Authors: Kalhor Elham 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Family firms play a vital role in the global business landscape, significantly impacting their home countries GDP. These firms diverge from non-family counterparts in their internationalization strategies, yet they stand to gain substantial benefits from international expansion. Beyond economic considerations, family resources and values introduce non-economic factors that challenge traditional economic theories. This study leverages an institutional approach to illuminate the multifaceted influences shaping family firms’ internationalization, encompassing positive and adverse dynamics. The integration of institutional theory marks a recent shift in understanding family firm internationalization, encompassing institutional and economic geography perspectives. To foster discourse and guide future research, this paper systematically reviews peer-reviewed articles covering over a decade, from 2010 to 2023. It identifies formal and informal institutional elements, alongside economic geography factors, that either facilitate or impede family firms’ internationalization. This review underscores existing knowledge gaps at the nexus of institutional theory, economic geography, internationalization, and family business studies. Notably, the systematic literature review uncovered a limited corpus of only 41 articles, indicating the need for more research exploring the synergy between economic geography and institutional factors in the context of diverse internationalization strategies. Furthermore, the review highlights the underexplored terrain within social institutions and economic geography, revealing a notable gap in the extant research.
La relación entre la heterogeneidad del paisaje y los servicios ecosistémicos en Santa María Huatulco, Oaxaca, México
Authors: Alfonso Martínez Ángel A. , Carrillo Vitale Ernesto R. , Monzón Aldama Yenisleidys , Priego-Santander Ángel G. , Boudet Rouco Dagne 
Published: May 2024

[Introduction]: The variability of geographic space, in terms of the horizontal structure of landscapes, influences ecology and suggests an association between landscape heterogeneity indices (LHI) and ecosystem services (ES). This relationship is crucial for conservation and sustainable development in Latin America, given the diversity of landscapes, from tropical forests to snow-capped mountains and deserts, which harbor a unique wealth of biodiversity and ecological functions. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between LHI and ES. [Methodology]: Fourteen landscape heterogeneity indices and seven ecosystem services were calculated in Santa María Huatulco, Oaxaca, and related to the estimated ecosystem services for the same area. [Results]: The models showed a statistically significant relationship between LHI and ES, suggesting that certain LHI can influence the provision and distribution of ES. [Conclusions]: Therefore, understanding how LHI affect ES is essential to promote sustainable development in Latin America.
Experimental characterization of bond between concrete and HDG steel tubes for mixed steel-concrete structures
Authors: Cruz Fábio , Valente Isabel , Almeida João , Neves Ana , Pereira Eduardo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBond between concrete and reinforcement material is crucial for the structural behaviour and design of reinforced concrete or mixed steel-concrete structures. When considering applications in harsh environments, such as severe marine exposure or submerged conditions, hot-dip galvanized (HDG) steel seems to be a promising solution, as part of new mixed steel-concrete structural systems. Although it is essential to guarantee an effective composite response, the interaction and bond behaviour between materials is not yet sufficiently well understood. This experimental investigation aimed to study the bond behaviour between concrete and HDG steel tubes, including the influence of adopting concrete pin connectors by creating holes in the tube profile, and also the influence of the galvanic surface state. The impact of bond length on the bond behaviour of the galvanized steel tube embedded in different concrete mixtures was analysed. Pushout tests were conducted to obtain the load end versus slip responses, as well as the failure modes. The results showed that the embedment lengths and the concrete compositions had no relevant effect on the overall shape of the pushout experimental responses, with the exception of the specimens that include the concrete pin connector. However, both variables clearly influenced the bond stress, dissipated energy during pushout until failure, and residual pushout force. The addition of the concrete pin significantly improved the adherence mechanism, while the contamination of the galvanic surface showed to significantly reduce the bond strength.
Evaluation of elite rice lines for resistance to Kenya blast fungus (Magnapothe Oryzae)
Authors: Roselyne U Juma , Rosemary Murori , Felister N Mbute , Douglas W Douglas W Miano , Joshua N Cobb 
Published: May 2024

Blast resistance tends to often break down, these necessitate search-resistant genes. The screen house experiment was conducted in 2019 and 2020. A total of 56 rice genotypes, (Elite lines, monogenic lines, and local), were screened against ten Kenya isolates of Mangnaporthe oryzae. The establishment was by direct seeding of previously sprouted seeds. A completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two replicates was adopted. Inoculation was done 21 days after planting. Plants were maintained in the moist chamber (26–28 0C) for 48 hrs, then moved into an incubation chamber (25 ◦C ± 2). Disease assessment commenced 48 hours after inoculation until 21 days to full infection. Disease evaluations were performed according to the Standard Evaluation System of IRRI. Polymerase Chain Reactions (PCR) were carried out, blast resistant loci were identified using varied genetic markers that co-segregate with specific resistant loci Analysis was implemented in R version 3.3.2 (R Core Team, 2016). BLUPs were computed, in a mixed model to estimate the random effect of the genotypes. The data was subjected to analysis of variance and means separated by Tukey’s test at P < 0.05. Cluster analyses were performed in JMP software version 11.2 for Windows. Seven genotypes (IR12A311, IR10M210, IR74, 1R02A127, IR09A130, R66 and IR10N230) were more susceptible, IR13N152 and IR14F711 were more resistant to all Isolates. The monogenic lines IRBLsh-B and IRBLkh-K3 which carry blast-resistant genes, were susceptible to at least seven Kenya isolates. The local checks (Basmati 370, BAS 270 (pi9), BW196, and BAS370 (pi9) were highly susceptible. The genotype IR12F711 was consistently resistant to all Kenya Isolates.
Anelastic Tomography of the Arabian Plate
Authors: Espindola-Carmona Armando , Peter Daniel B. , Parisi Laura , Mai P. Martin 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
In this study, we investigate the upper-mantle structure of the Arabian plate based on anelastic full-waveform inversion. The Arabian plate is composed of two main geological provinces—the Arabian Platform in the east and the Arabian Shield in the west. The Shield is dotted with areas of Cenozoic volcanism (harrats) whose precise tectonic and geodynamic origin is still debated. To help shed light on the deep geophysical properties of the Arabia plate and seismic signatures in the Earth’s upper mantle related to the surface volcanism, we use ∼38,400 three-component waveforms filtered between 25 and 100 s from 64 well-distributed regional earthquakes. We fit frequency-dependent travel-time and amplitude information. We follow a hierarchical inversion strategy in which we initially invert for the elastic structure and subsequently for both the elastic and anelastic parameters simultaneously. We assess the resolution and trade-offs between model parameters by conducting point spread function tests. Our model reveals low-wavespeed anomalies associated with mantle material that may originate from the Afar plume. In addition, we identify significant shear attenuation anomalies in the southern and central regions of the western margin of the Arabian plate. We suggest that these anomalies are linked to either the hot asthenosphere from the Afar plume or partial melting triggered by lithospheric thinning along the Red Sea rift.
Joint Inversion of Regional Waveform, First-Motion Polarity, and Synthetic Aperture Radar Surface Displacement for the Fourth and Sixth North Korean Declared Nuclear Explosions
Authors: Chi-Durán Rodrigo , Dreger Douglas S. , Rodgers Arthur J. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
This study analyzed the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea’s (DPRK) fourth (DPRK4, 6 January 2016 Mw 4.49) and sixth (DPRK6, 7 September 2017 Mw 5.2) declared nuclear tests, employing a joint seismic and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) inversion to improve understanding of these events and enhance moment tensor (MT) inversion capabilities. The recent efforts have focused on employing seismic waveform and InSAR geodetic deformation data separately to analyze these and the previous nuclear tests (e.g., Chiang et al., 2018; Myers et al., 2018; Wang et al., 2018). Building upon our previous work (Chi-Durán et al., 2021), we performed a joint regional waveform, first-motion (FM) polarity, and surface displacement inversion, which demonstrated improved source-type discrimination, a revised MT solution with reduced scalar moment uncertainty, and an independently constrained location. In this article, we build on the previous results for DPRK6 by including an analysis using a four-layered velocity model with free-surface topography to compute the near-source static deformation Green’s functions. The model consists of a 50 m basalt layer (VP=2.07  km/s, VS=1.2  km/s), a 250 m stratified volcanic deposit layer (VP=1.73  km/s, VS=1.0  km/s), a 700 m weathered granodiorite layer (VP=2.5  km/s, VS=1.3  km/s), and a granodiorite half-space (VP=5.35  km/s, VS=3.09  km/s). The half-space shares the velocity of the regional MDJ2 velocity model (Ford et al., 2010), which has proven effective for waveform inversion in the region. This model considers the range of reported values for various lithologies and weathering effects. Our findings show that using the layered velocity model enhances the recovery of source location and depth for both the explosions by improving fits and reducing uncertainties. The joint inversion also improves source-type discrimination and better constrains the scalar seismic moment necessary for downstream yield estimation.
Competencia discursiva estudiantil en la producción escrita del texto argumentativo académico: el caso de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras-UNAH
Authors: Mondragón Hernández Janeth 
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: Develar la competencia en la producción del texto escrito argumentativo de los estudiantes de primer ingreso de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras-UNAH en el primer periodo académico de 2018.
Originalidad/aporte: Su importancia radica en la necesidad de desarrollar un programa estratégico que permita la alfabetización académica desde los inicios de la Educación Superior, con el fin de que posteriormente los estudiantes puedan de manera autónoma continuar su proceso de cualificación. Asimismo, se busca que esta investigación constituya un aporte para mejorar la calidad de la Educación Superior, en principio, de manera específica en los espacios de aprendizaje del Departamento de Letras y por extensión en el largo plazo a las demás áreas académicas.
Método: Se ubica en el paradigma interpretativo, enfoque cualitativo. Muestra intencional. Para alcanzar los objetivos se llevó a cabo el análisis e interpretación de la microestructura, la superestructura y la macroestructura de la producción textual de los participantes.
Estrategias/recolección de información: Diseño aplicado: investigación acción, a través del cual se conformó un corpus de 150 ensayos argumentativos escritos por cincuenta estudiantes. De este se seleccionaron 30 escritos relevantes. La técnica para el análisis e interpretación de los escritos fue el análisis del discurso.
Conclusión: Los estudiantes no son usuarios competentes en la producción del texto académico argumentativo. Sus escritos presentan limitaciones, aunque también muchas potencialidades.
primer rector de la universidad republicana en Venezuela: José María Vargas Ponce.
Authors: Mora García José Pascual 
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: Nos proponemos como objetivo central develar los fundamentos de los Estatutos de la Universidad Central de Venezuela (1827), considerada la primera universidad republicana en Venezuela. La misma era sensuataria (sic) de la Real y Pontificia Universidad de Caracas (1721), con su herencia colonial del antiguo Colegio Santa Rosa de Lima de Caracas.
Metodología: Es un estudio que metodológicamente se nutre del paradigma historiográfica de la red Sociedad de Historia de la Educación Latinoamericana (Shela), (Soto et Al, 2017).
Originalidad: En tal sentido, se busca elaborar un estudio sobre los Estatutos y mentalidad educativa, con documentos de “primera mano”, arqueo documental y aplicación del método dialógico-crítico, descriptivo, empoderado en los lineamientos de las epistemologías del sur.
Estrategia/Coleta de Datos. El estudio se sigue sobre las fuentes de las Actas del Claustro Pleno Universitario, entre otros puntos abordaremos: el estado del arte de la ciencia experimental; la relación de sanciones o castigos; los compromisos de los estudiantes y los beneficios y normas; la eliminación de la figura del censor regio; la exoneración del servicio militar ara los estudiantes; la eliminación del prejuicio de la “limpieza de sangre” para ingresar a la universidad; el proceso de elección del primer rector republicano; las obras pías como escenarios para el sostenimiento de la universidad; el apoyo a la integridad de Colombia; la fundación de las cátedras para la enseñanza del inglés y francés; la consagración del derecho de jubilación de los profesores; la universidad velara como junta protectora del Colegio de Niñas Educandas; exoneración de los pagos para el derecho de grado, por parte del bachiller Medardo Medina, por ser de notoria pobreza; entre otros aspectos que constan en sus Estatutos.
Conclusiones: la universidad republicaba se funda sobre los criterios de la ciencia moderna, los derechos establecidos en la Constitución de 1821, y los principios emergentes en materia laboral y la universidad. La formación intelectual y el espíritu civilista de venezolano, José María Vargas Ponce (1786-1854), como primer rector fue fundamental para aquilatar el centro de las Luces inspirada en el espíritu de la Ilustración.