bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma at the 16th week of a twin pregnancy
Authors: Matsubara Shigeki , Inoue Hirokazu , Takamura Kazuhiro , Kimura Atsushi , Okuno Satsuki , Fujita Akifumi , Seichi Atsushi 
Published: May 2011

AbstractSpontaneous spinal epidural hematoma without discernable underlying conditions is a rare complication during pregnancy. We report a pregnant woman who developed the hematoma at 16 weeks of pregnancy; the earliest occurrence ever reported. A 36‐year‐old Japanese primipara with twins felt shoulder, neck and back pain at 16+1 weeks with progressive quadriplegia. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a mass in the C3‐7 epidural space, compatible with a spinal epidural hematoma, and decompression was performed 9 h after symptom onset. Rehabilitation started and she gave birth abdominally to healthy twin infants at the 29th week. Motor, sensory and sphincter disturbances remained. This case demonstrates that spinal epidural hematoma can occur even without known underlying conditions and even at an early gestational age.
Preeclampsia in North Indian women: the contribution of genetic polymorphisms
Authors: Aggarwal Shagun , Dimri Nalini , Tandon Indu , Agarwal Sarita 
Published: May 2011

AbstractAim:  To find association of angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D), angiotensinogen (AGT) T704C, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T and factor V Leiden (FVL) G1691A polymorphisms with pre‐eclampsia (PE) in North Indian women.Material & Methods:  In this prospective case‐control study, genotyping of 200 pre‐eclamptic women and 200 normotensive pregnant controls was performed for the ACE I/D, AGT T/C,MTHFR C/T and FVL G/A polymorphisms. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS and Epi Info to estimate their association with PE. The association of these polymorphisms with nonsevere PE and severe PE was separately assessed.Results:  The FVL mutation was found in 4% of women and increased the risk of PE twofold (odds ratio [OR] 2.08, P‐value 0.03). The MTHFR mutant allele was found to be protective (OR 0.59, P‐value 0.01). Both these polymorphisms showed similar association with nonsevere PE (OR 2.149, P‐value 0.038 and OR 0.565, P‐value 0.222, respectively) but not with severe PE. The ACE I/D and AGT T/C polymorphisms were not found to be associated with PE overall (OR 1.26, P‐value 0.11 and OR 1.15, P‐value 0.35, respectively), but ACE I/D polymorphism was found to increase the risk of severe PE (OR 1.53, P‐value 0.019).Conclusion:  FVL mutation is more common in North Indians than previously believed and it predisposes the women to PE. MTHFR mutant allele is paradoxically protective. ACE polymorphism appears to predispose to severe PE but not nonsevere PE. No significant contribution of AGT polymorphism to PE is found.
Analysis of the polymorphisms of genes coding biotransformation enzymes in recurrent miscarriage in the Japanese population
Authors: Nonaka Taro , Takakuwa Koichi , Tanaka Kenichi 
Published: May 2011

AbstractAim:  To investigate the relationship between the genotype of enzymes for detoxification and recurrent miscarriage.Methods:  The frequency of each genotype of enzymes for detoxification, such as cytochrome P450‐1A1 (CYP1A1), glutathione‐S‐transferase‐pi (GST‐pi), GST‐mu and GST‐theta, was analyzed in patients with unexplained recurrent miscarriage (number of miscarriages ≥3) by polymerase‐chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism. A total of 103 patients were enrolled in the study, and 101 normal fertile women, who had never suffered a miscarriage, were also enrolled. The frequency of each genotype of the enzymes was compared between the patient population and the control group. The χ2‐test and Fisher's exact test were used for statistical evaluation.Results:  No significant difference was observed concerning the distribution of polymorphic variants among CYP1A1, GST‐pi, GST‐mu and GST‐theta. On the other hand, the frequency of individuals with the GST‐mu deletion was significantly higher in cases of recurrent miscarriage compared with the control population among coffee drinkers (61% vs 41%, P = 0.025).Conclusion:  There is a possibility that lower GST‐mu enzyme activity may represent a risk factor for recurrent miscarriage, especially in the patient population of coffee consumers, as a result of impaired placental detoxification.
Expression and prognostic value of WISP‐1 in patients with endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma
Authors: Tang Qionglan , Jiang Xuefeng , Li Haigang , Lin Zhongqiu , Zhou Xiaodong , Luo Xin , Liu Li , Chen Gengbiao 
Published: May 2011

AbstractAim:  It has been well established that the aberrant activation of the Wnt/β‐catenin signal correlates to endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma (EEC). As an effector of the Wnt/β‐catenin mediated antiapoptotic signal, the role of Wnt‐induced secreted protein‐1 (WISP‐1) in EEC still remains unclear.Methods:  We used immunohistochemistry and quantitative real‐time RT‐PCR to examine the expression of WISP‐1, the estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) in 86 cases of EEC, with 20 cases of endometrial hyperplasia, 20 of proliferative endometrium and 20 of secretory endometrium used as the control group. We also correlated the expression of WISP‐1 with various clinicopathologic factors and prognostic values in patients with EEC.Results:  A high expression of WISP‐1 was observed in 26 of the 86 cases of EEC (30.2%). The expression rate of WISP‐1 in EEC was significantly higher than that in secretory endometrium (P < 0.005). Histopathological grades and PR were associated with high WISP‐1 expression (P = 0.002, P = 0.027, respectively). The estimated five‐year survival rate of patients with low‐to‐moderate expression of WISP‐1 was significantly higher than those with high WISP‐1 expression (91.3% vs 65%, P = 0.011). Multivariate analysis revealed that high WISP‐1 expression and positive lymphovascular space invasion were independent prognostic factors for survival.Conclusions:  High expression of WISP‐1 was related to tumor cell dedifferentiation and PR loss. WISP‐1 might be a new molecular marker to predict the prognosis of patients with EEC.
Bacterial populations and environmental factors controlling cellulose degradation in an acidicSphagnumpeat
Authors: Pankratov Timofey A. , Ivanova Anastasia O. , Dedysh Svetlana N. , Liesack Werner 
Published: May 2011

SummaryNorthern peatlands represent a major global carbon store harbouring approximately one‐third of the global reserves of soil organic carbon. A large proportion of these peatlands consists of acidicSphagnum‐dominated ombrotrophic bogs, which are characterized by extremely low rates of plant debris decomposition. The degradation of cellulose, the major component ofSphagnum‐derived litter, was monitored in long‐term incubation experiments with acidic (pH 4.0) peat extracts. This process was almost undetectable at 10°C and occurred at low rates at 20°C, while it was significantly accelerated at both temperature regimes by the addition of available nitrogen. Cellulose breakdown was only partially inhibited in the presence of cycloheximide, suggesting that bacteria participated in this process. We aimed to identify these bacteria by a combination of molecular and cultivation approaches and to determine the factors that limit their activityin situ. The indigenous bacterial community in peat was dominated byAlphaproteobacteriaandAcidobacteria. The addition of cellulose induced a clear shift in the community structure towards an increase in the relative abundance of theBacteroidetes. Increasing temperature and nitrogen availability resulted in a selective development of bacteria phylogenetically related toCytophaga hutchinsonii(94–95% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), which densely colonized microfibrils of cellulose. Among isolates obtained from this community only some subdivision 1Acidobacteriawere capable of degrading cellulose, albeit at a very slow rate. TheseAcidobacteriarepresent indigenous cellulolytic members of the microbial community in acidic peat and are easily out‐competed byCytophaga‐like bacteria under conditions of increased nitrogen availability. Members of the phylumFirmicutes, known to be key players in cellulose degradation in neutral habitats, were not detected in the cellulolytic community enriched at low pH.
Global quantification of contrasting leaf life span strategies for deciduous and evergreen species in response to environmental conditions
Authors: van Ommen Kloeke A. E. E. , Douma J. C. , Ordoñez J. C. , Reich P. B. , van Bodegom P. M. 
Published: May 2011

ABSTRACTAim  Species with deciduous and evergreen leaf habits typically differ in leaf life span (LLS). Yet quantification of the response of LLS, within each habit, to key environmental conditions is surprisingly lacking. The aim of this study is to quantify LLS strategies of the two leaf habits under varying temperature, moisture and nutrient conditions, using a global database. We hypothesize that deciduous LLS reflects the length of the growing season, avoiding unfavourable conditions regardless of the cause. Evergreen species adjust to unfavourable periods and amortize lower net carbon gains over several growing seasons, with increasing LLS associated with increasingly short favourable versus unfavourable season lengths.Location  Global.Methods  Data on LLS and environmental variables were compiled from global datasets for 189 deciduous and 506 evergreen species across 83 study locations. Individual and combined effects of measures of seasonality of temperature, water and nutrient availability on length of the growing season and on LLS were quantified using linear mixed models. The best models for predicting LLS were obtained using Akaike's information criterion (AIC) and ΔAIC.Results  The LLS of deciduous and evergreen species showed opposite responses to changes in environmental conditions. Under unfavourable conditions, deciduous LLS decreases while evergreen LLS increases. A measure of temperature alone was the best predictor of the growing season. The LLS of deciduous species was independent of environmental conditions after expressing LLS in relation to the number of growing seasons. Evergreen species, on the other hand, adjusted to unfavourable conditions by increasing LLS up to four growing seasons. Contrary to expectations, variation in LLS was best explained solely by temperature, instead of by combined measures of temperature, moisture and nutrient availability. Shifts in the photosynthesis to respiration balance might provide a physiological explanation.Main conclusions  Temperature, and not drought or nutrient availability, is the primary driver of contrasting responses of LLS for different leaf habit types.
Not a museum but a cultural journey: Skwxwú7mesh political affect
Authors: TOWNSEND‐GAULT CHARLOTTE 
Published: May 2011

The Skwxwú7mesh or Squamish, a Coast Salish people, are one of the Four Host First Nations who constituted themselves into a supra‐national corporate entity for the purpose of promoting, and protecting, their cultures during the 2010 Winter Olympics. The Sea to Sky Highway, carrying Olympic traffic between the sports venues of Vancouver and Whistler, runs through their un‐ceded territory. The Skwxwú7mesh have merged the natural spectacle of the coastal highway with the high‐speed affect of their own cultural spectacle. The intricate spatialized and affective dimensions of the modes and materials of cultural disclosure, and retention, along what the Skwxwú7mesh are calling a ‘cultural highway’ establish links between topography, flora, and fauna that reinforce incontrovertible rights. The strategy flouts anxieties about the exploitative spectacularization of the Native while raising new ones about national display, the embedded Olympics, neoliberal ‘economic uncertainty’, and the ethnic essentialism inseparable from British Columbia's high‐stakes contemporary Treaty Process.RésuméLes Skwxwú7mesh ou Squamish, un peuple salish de la côte, font partie des Four Host First Nations, quatre tribus des Premières nations qui se sont constituées en personnalité juridique supranationale afin de promouvoir et de protéger leur culture pendant les Jeux Olympiques d’Hiver 2010. L’autoroute « Sea to Sky Highway », reliant les sites olympiques de Vancouver et de Whistler, traverse leur territoire non aliéné. Les Skwxwú7mesh ont combiné le spectacle naturel de cette autoroute côtière avec l’affect pour la grande vitesse de leur propre spectacle culturel. Les dimensions spatialisées et affectives complexes des modes et des matériaux de la révélation et de la rétention culturelle, associées à ce que les Skwxwú7mesh appellent une « autoroute culturelle », créent des liens entre topographie, flore et faune et renforcent ainsi leurs droits incontestables. Cette stratégie atténue l’anxiété liée à l’exploitation spectaculaire des Peuples natifs, tout en suscitant de nouvelles inquiétudes sur la visibilité nationale, l’empiètement des Jeux Olympiques, « l’incertitude économique » du néolibéralisme et l’essentialisme ethnique indissociable du processus, chargé d’enjeux, de négociation de traités en cours en Colombie‐Britannique.
Witnessing history/embodying testimony: gender and memory in post‐apartheid South Africa
Authors: COOMBES ANNIE E. 
Published: May 2011

This paper explores two very different contexts in South Africa where witnessing and secondary witnessing have a special impact on the nature of national memorialization: women's narrative accounts of their prison experiences; and therapeutic initiatives around HIV/AIDS. It asks whether experiences related through testimony of one kind or another can be embodied in forms which might enable access for non‐participants, especially since the power of witnessing relies so heavily on qualities of voice and performance. What would be an adequate and relevant form which might translate personal trauma into a publicly accessible and affective monument or memorial? And if, unlike most of the public commemorative initiatives in South Africa since 1994, we take gender into consideration, is there anything particular about aspects of women's experience that might influence such a decision? Is it possible for us as non‐participants to adopt an ethical viewing position in relation to this material which takes on board both Susan Sontag's caution about voyeurism and Gayatri Spivak's insistence on the importance of listening without engaging in a necessarily narcissistic empathy that might obliterate the speaker's right to an incommensurable experience?RésuméL’article étudie deux contextes très différents en Afrique du Sud, dans lesquels le témoignage et le témoignage secondaire ont un effet spécifique sur la nature de la mise en mémoire nationale : les récits de prison faits par des femmes et les initiatives thérapeutiques contre le VIH et le SIDA. L’auteure se demande s’il est possible de donner aux expériences reliées par l’un ou l’autre type de témoignage une forme qui les rendrait accessibles à ceux qui n’y ont pas été impliqués, d’autant plus que la puissance du témoignage doit beaucoup aux qualités de la voix et de la performance. Quelle forme pourrait être adéquate et pertinente pour traduire le traumatisme personnel en mémorial affectif accessible à tous ? Si, contrairement à la plupart des commémorations publiques en Afrique du Sud depuis 1994, on prend le sexe en compte, y a‐t‐il quelque chose de particulier dans l’expérience des femmes qui pourrait influer sur cette décision ? Est‐il possible que ceux qui n’ont pas été impliqués adoptent une position de spectateurs éthiques par rapport à ce qui est présenté, en intégrant à la fois la mise en garde contre le voyeurisme de Susan Sontag et l’insistance de Gayatri Spivak sur l’importance d’écouter sans s’engager dans une empathie nécessairement narcissique, qui pourrait occulter le droit du narrateur à une expérience sans commune mesure avec celle des autres ?
Social relationships and digital relationships: rethinking the database at the Vanuatu Cultural Centre
Authors: GEISMAR HAIDY , MOHNS WILLIAM 
Published: May 2011

In this paper, we seek to unravel and interrogate the aesthetics of the museum database, and the links between digital and social relationships within the museum and beyond, using as a case study the development of an integrated database system for the Vanuatu Cultural Centre, or Vanuatu Kaljoral Senta (VKS). The VKS database both draws relationships of knowledge, practice, and collection into view and generates connections in a newly national trilingual space. We ask: What are the implications of mapping the social onto the digital and vice versa? What is the efficacy of digital connectivity on museum practices, and other social networks? Does the digital domain create a new national aesthetic of connection and relationality, and how might we rethink the nation in this new aesthetic frame? How do digital relationships affect the production of new collections and new relations to the object world? How does this electronic infrastructure generate or perpetuate hierarchies of knowledge and the political economy of information?RésuméA partir d’une étude de cas sur le développement d’un système de base de données intégré pour le Centre culturel du Vanuatu (Vanuatu Kaljoral Senta – VKS), les auteurs s’efforcent d’éclaircir et de questionner l’esthétique de cette base de données ainsi que les liens entre relations numériques et sociales à l’intérieur de ce musée et au‐delà. La base de données du VKS met en évidence des relations entre savoir, pratique et collection et crée des liens dans un nouvel espace national trilingue. Quelles sont les implications d’une cartographie du social dans le numérique, et vice versa ? Quelle est l’efficacité d’une connexion numérique aux pratiques du musée et aux autres réseaux sociaux ? Le domaine numérique crée‐t‐il une nouvelle esthétique nationale des connexions et des relations, et comment peut‐on repenser la nation dans ce nouveau cadre esthétique ? Comment les relations numériques affectent‐elles la production de nouvelles collections et de nouvelles relations au monde des objets ? Comment cette infrastructure électronique génère ou perpétue‐t‐elle les hiérarchies du savoir et l’économie politique de l’information ?
Which Factors Safeguard Employment?: An Analysis with Misclassified German Register Data
Authors: Wichert Laura , Wilke Ralf A. 
Published: May 2011

SummaryWe analyse the main determinants of the transition from a job into unemployment by using individual administrative data from Germany. Although the sample size is large and the information that is used for operations is often highly accurate, variables which are not required by the administration but used for the statistical analysis are subject to considerable measurement error. We show that the high degree of misclassification can even persist after comprehensive logical editing and imputation rules have been applied. We find that the measurement error has a sizable effect on our estimation results. Long tenure rather than a higher educational qualification appears to be the key ingredient for a safe job in Germany.
KEEPING TRACK OF THE GETTIER PROBLEM
Authors: BERNECKER SVEN 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThis paper argues that for someone to know propositionpinferentially it is not enough that his belief inpand his justification for believingpcovary with the truth ofpthrough a sphere of possibilities. A further condition on inferential knowledge is thatp's truth‐maker is identical with, or causally related to, the state of affairs the justification is grounded in. This position is dubbed ‘identificationism.’
A complete chronicle discovery approach: application to activity analysis
Authors: Cram Damien , Mathern Benoît , Mille Alain 
Published: May 2011

AbsrtactDiscovering temporal patterns hidden in a sequence of events has applications in numerous areas like network failure analysis, customer behaviour analysis, web navigation pattern discovery, etc. In this article, we present an approach to the discovery of chronicles hidden in the interaction traces of a human activity with the intention of characterizing some interesting tasks. Chronicles are a special type of temporal patterns, where temporal orders of events are quantified with numerical bounds. The algorithm we present is the first existing chronicle discovery algorithm that is complete. It is a chronicle discovery framework that can be configured to behave exactly as non‐complete algorithms existing in litterature with no reduction of performance, but it can also be extended to other useful chronicle discovery problems like hybrid episode discovery. We show that the complete chronicle discovery problem has a very high complexity but we argue and illustrate that this high complexity is acceptable when the knowledge discovery process in which our algorithm takes part is real time and interactive. The platform Scheme Emerger, also presented in this paper, has been developed in order to implement the algorithm and to support graphically the real time and interactive chronicle discovery process.
Memory andMelancholy in theÉpilogue ofRavel'sValses nobles et sentimentales
Authors: PURI MICHAEL J. 
Published: May 2011

ABSTRACTWhen conceived as the presence of the past, memory can be said to pervade the music of Maurice Ravel. The number and range of these acts of musical memory – including pieces modelled on the medievalballade, the Renaissancechanson, the Baroquetombeau, the Classicalsonatineand the Romanticpoème, among others – seem at first glance to testify to a uncomplicated relation between past and present which, upon closer review, is revealed to be problematic. One of the most complex and captivating artistic testaments to what Andreas Huyssen has called ‘twilight memory’– not only in Ravel's music, but in Western modernism as a whole – is the eighth and final waltz of his piano suiteValses nobles et sentimentales(1911). In this waltz, which Ravel entitled ‘Épilogue’, the hope of making the past present is reborn with each of its numerous thematic recollections, only to be dashed repeatedly by the melancholy knowledge of its impossibility. In the present study, affinities between the Épilogue's musical behaviours and philosophical accounts of memory by Bergson, Jankélévitch and Nora are explored, along with the compositional precedents established by Beethoven, Schumann, Debussy and others.
Linguistic multifeature MMN paradigm for extensive recording of auditory discrimination profiles
Authors: Partanen Eino , Vainio Martti , Kujala Teija , Huotilainen Minna 
Published: May 2011

AbstractWe studied whether a multifeature mismatch negativity (MMN) paradigm using naturally produced speech stimuli is feasible for studies of auditory discrimination accuracy of adult participants. A naturally produced trisyllabic pseudoword was used in the paradigm, and MMNs were recorded to changes that were acoustic (changes in fundamental frequency or intensity) or potentially phonological (changes in vowel identity or vowel duration). All the different changes were presented in three different word segments (initial, middle, or final syllable). All changes elicited an MMN response, but the vowel duration change elicited a different response pattern than the other deviant types. Changes in vowel duration and identity also had an effect on MMN lateralization. Our results show that assessing speech sound discrimination of several features in word context is possible in a short recording time (30 min) with the multifeature paradigm.