bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human tNeurons reveal aging-linked proteostasis deficits driving Alzheimer’s phenotypes
Authors: Frydman Judith , Chou Ching-Chieh: , Vest Ryan: , Prado Miguel , Wilson-Grady Joshua , Paulo Joao , Shibuya Yohei , Losada Patricia Moran , lee ting-ting , Luo Jian , Gygi Steven , Kelly Jeffrey , Finley Daniel , Wernig Marius , Wyss-Coray Tony 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Aging is a prominent risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the cellular mechanisms underlying neuronal phenotypes remain elusive. Both accumulation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain1 and age-linked organelle deficits 2-7 are proposed as causes of AD phenotypes but the relationship between these events is unclear. Here, we address this question using a transdifferentiated neuron (tNeuron) model directly from human dermal fibroblasts. Patient-derived tNeurons retain aging hallmarks and exhibit AD-linked deficits. Quantitative tNeuron proteomic analyses identify aging and AD-linked deficits in proteostasis and organelle homeostasis, particularly affecting endosome-lysosomal components. The proteostasis and lysosomal homeostasis deficits in aged tNeurons are exacerbated in sporadic and familial AD tNeurons, promoting constitutive lysosomal damage and defects in ESCRT-mediated repair. We find deficits in neuronal lysosomal homeostasis lead to inflammatory cytokine secretion, cell death and spontaneous development of Aß and phospho-Tau deposits. These proteotoxic inclusions co-localize with lysosomes and damage markers and resemble inclusions in brain tissue from AD patients and APP-transgenic mice. Supporting the centrality of lysosomal deficits driving AD phenotypes, lysosome-function enhancing compounds reduce AD-associated cytokine secretion and Aβ deposits. We conclude that proteostasis and organelle deficits are upstream initiating factors leading to neuronal aging and AD phenotypes.
Baseline correlates of functional impairment at 12 months in young people with borderline personality disorder: Findings from the MOBY randomised controlled trial
Authors: Chanen Andrew M. , Andrewes Holly , Nicol Katie , Jackson Henry J , Cotton Sue M , Gleeson John , Davey Christopher G , McCutcheon Louise , Perera Sharnel , Rayner Victoria , Betts Jennifer K 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

No studies have investigated baseline predictors of improved functioning among young people receiving treatment for BPD. The current study aimed to identify the baseline demographic, psychopathological and treatment correlates of improved functioning at 12 months among young people with BPD, who received early intervention in the Monitoring Outcomes of BPD in Youth (MOBY) randomised controlled trial. Of 139 randomised young people (aged 15 to 25 years) who completed interview and self-report measures at baseline (pre-treatment), 98 (Mage = 18.7, SD = 2.7) provided data on the same measures at 12 months (primary endpoint). Adjusting for other demographic, clinical and treatment characteristics, hierarchical regression analyses revealed that better social adjustment at 12 months was predicted by having at least one caregiver engaged in employment at baseline (β = -0.25, p = 0.04, F2 = 0.41). Higher levels of interpersonal functioning at 12 months were predicted by fewer interpersonal problems (β = 0.41, p = 0.02), fewer co-occurring personality disorder diagnoses (β = -0.31, p = 0.04), and lower BPD severity (β = -0.31, p = 0.04) at baseline (F2 = 0.52). These findings suggest that young people presenting with lower severity of BPD, better interpersonal functioning at baseline, and at least one caregiver in employment are more likely to have better functional outcomes following early intervention. The findings did not support suicide attempts and self-harm as predictors of functional outcome. Future research should focus upon individual or household indicators of social disadvantage as moderators of outcome in early intervention for BPD.
Suppression of methane–air explosions using air-jet-driven NaHCO3 powder and porous barrier
Authors: Qiao Zhenglong , Miao Qianfei , Ma Heng , Xu Liang , Li Rong , Gao Jie 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The inhibition of methane–air explosions by air-jet-driven NaHCO3 powders and porous barriers was investigated in this study. Flame images and overpressure data were recorded using high-speed cameras and pressure sensors. The inhibition mechanism of NaHCO3 powder was further investigated using the reaction mechanism of sodium-containing substances and methane combustion. The results showed that NaHCO3 powder driven by high-pressure gas jets reduces the average propagation speed of flame fronts and the rising rate of overpressure. The presence of porous barriers increases the turbulence intensity in the pipe and the travel time of the NaHCO3 particles. Thus, the contact time between the large particle powder and the flame increases, and the inhibiting effect on flame propagation gradually increases as the obstruction rate increases. NaHCO3 powder inhibits methane–air explosions through physical and chemical mechanisms. From a chemical perspective, sodium-containing radicals preferentially react with CO in the system to form CO2, reducing the production of H* and OH* radicals in the reaction system. The cycle of gaseous Na and NaOH also consumes H* and OH* radicals in the system, blocking the chain reaction.
Grinding heat theory based on trochoid scratch model: Establishment and verification of grinding heat model of trochoid cross point
Authors: Zhao Pengcheng , Lin Bin , Zhou Jingguo , Zhao Feifei , Sui Tianyi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Grinding is an ultra-precision machining technology. The grinding force and grinding heat emerge as pivotal physical parameters. Excessive grinding temperature can engender unwarranted thermal damage to the processed material. In cup grinding wheel face grinding, employing a singular abrasive grain discrete heat source method enables a more precise establishment of the face grinding temperature field. Cross tracks of abrasive exist widely in cup grinding wheel, and the influence of cross point temperature should be considered in order to accurately establish the grinding temperature field model. Thus, a single-grain discrete point heat source superposition temperature field analytical model was established. Through trochoid feed scratch experiments, the variation law of thermal effect of cross points under different cutting depth is verified. The experimental findings reveal conspicuous changes in cutting force and cutting heat at the entry and exit positions of the scratch intersection region. Moreover, the abrasive grain scratch sustains more severe damage compared to other regions. The energy change caused by the impact effect is the key factor leading to the temperature change at the intersection. The energy lost at the entrance of the intersection position is close to the energy of the impact effect. With the increase of the cutting depth, the ratio of the two tends to converge towards 1, ranging from 0.868 to 0.932 to 0.965. The error between the theoretical model and experimental verification is less than 5%, indicating the single-particle discrete heat source superposition temperature field model can well characterize the grinding surface temperature field caused by crosspoint effect, which lays a foundation for the grinding heat theory based on trochoid model.
Real-time ultrasound to assess the umbilical catheter position in neonates: a randomized, controlled trial
Authors: Ruangkit Chayatat , Ponin Lalita , Ruangwattanapaisarn Nichanan , Nuntnarumit Pracha 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective
To compare real-time ultrasound (RT-US) use as an adjunct tool to verify umbilical catheter placement versus standard care without ultrasound.
Study Design:
Neonates requiring umbilical venous catheter (UVC) and umbilical artery catheter (UAC) placement were randomized into the standard formula (No-US) and the RT-US groups. X-rays were used to confirm the catheter position.
Result
Fifty and forty-nine neonates were in the RT-US and No-US groups, respectively. RT-US showed a significantly higher rate of initial X-ray-confirmed proper catheter position than No-US (p < 0.001). The rates of proper positions of UVCs and UACs were significantly higher in the RT-US group than in the No-US group (both p < 0.001). Neonates in the RT-US group required fewer catheter adjustments and subsequent X-rays than those in the No-US group.
Conclusion
RT-US enhances the accuracy of UVC and UAC placement, reduces catheter adjustments, and the number of X-rays required.
Trial Registration
TCTR20190622001
The Impact of Dietary Copper Intake on Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality among Hypertensive Patients: A Longitudinal Analysis from NHANES (2001-2018)
Authors: Xu Haibin , Liu Zhou , Yao Baohong , XU Ziqi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

While the impact of macronutrients on health is well-understood, the influence of micronutrients such as copper on cardiovascular health remains less explored. Copper, vital for heart function and antioxidant defense, may affect cardiovascular health through its role in enzymatic activities that reduce oxidative stress. This study evaluates the relationship between dietary copper intake and cardiovascular outcomes in hypertensive patients using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2001 to 2018. Findings reveal that higher dietary copper intake is associated with significantly lower cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevalence and mortality rates. A non-linear relationship was identified, indicating an optimal copper intake threshold of approximately 2.85 mg/day. Notably, the protective effects of copper were more pronounced in men, non-diabetic individuals, and those with higher educational levels. These results underscore copper’s potential role in preventing cardiovascular complications in hypertensive patients and support the inclusion of copper intake in dietary recommendations to improve cardiovascular health. This study enhances our understanding of how micronutrients influence cardiovascular disease management and aids in developing targeted nutritional interventions.
Reduced Vittel Score: A New Pre-hospital rule for trauma patients Triage
Authors: Laajimi Sondes , Bhiri Sana , Chebbi Nabil , Bradai Haifa , Loghmari Dorra , Belkhiria Amal , Chebili Naoufel , Mbarek Rabeb , Kahloul Mohamed 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Prehospital triage is a crucial step in the management of trauma patients, as it can impact outcomes by ensuring patients are directed to the most suitable treatment facility. The use of validated triage tools like the Vittel criteria and ISS is essential to support this process and improve patient care.
The aim of this study is to simplify the version of the French Vittel score in pre hospital trauma patients within the Center-Est territory of Tunisia, between November 2021 and 2023.
Methods: A longitudinal analytical study on trauma patients transported by the Emergency Medical Service (EMS) teams of the Tunisian EMS03 over a two-year period from November 2021 to November 2023. Socio- demographic and clinical data were collected using a predefined questionnaire, and the Vittel score, and ISS were calculated for each patient. Statistical tests led to the formation of three alternative algorithms. The Vittel algorithm was compared to the three alternative algorithms using the Delong et al. method.
Results: Men in their thirties were particularly prone to trauma (83.5% male with a sex ratio of 5.3), mainly due to road traffic accidents (77.2%). Blunt trauma was the predominant mechanism of injury (47.3%), followed by penetrating trauma (15.6%). Among the 461 trauma patients included in the study, 41% had an ISS greater than 15, 25% were admitted to the intensive care unit, and 23.9% died within 30 days of transfer. In the multivariate analysis, no kinetic-related criteria showed a significant correlation with ISS > 15, 30-day mortality, or ICU admission. However, three categories of the French Vittel score - physiological variables, prehospital resuscitation, and physical injuries - were significant indicators of major trauma (ISS > 15), unlike kinetic elements which lacked this predictive ability.
Conclusion: the study highlights the importance of coordination between prehospital and hospital care, and the potential of a simplified Vittel score to predict severe trauma. However, challenges remain in prehospital triage, underscoring the need for continued research and evaluation to improve trauma patient management.
Integrative Bioinformatics Analysis for Identifying the Mitochondrial-Related Gene Signature Associated with Immune Infiltration in Premature Ovarian Insufficiency
Authors: Lu Minjun , Li Wenxin , Zhou Jiamin , Shang Junyu , Lin Li , Liu Yueqin , Zhu Xiaolan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a reproductive disorder characterized by the cessation of ovarian function before the age of 40. While mitochondrial dysfunction and immune disorders are believed to contribute to ovarian damage in POI, the interplay between these factors remains understudied in patients with this condition.
Methods
In this research, transcriptomic data related to POI were obtained from the NCBI GEO database. Hub biomarkers were identified through the construction of a protein‒protein interaction (PPI) network and further validated using RT‒qPCR. Moreover, their expression across various cell types was elucidated via single-cell RNA sequencing analysis. Comprehensive investigation into the mitochondrial and immune profiles of POI patients was carried out through correlation analysis. Furthermore, potential therapeutic agents were predicted utilizing the cMap database.
Results
A total of 119 mitochondria-related differentially expressed genes (MitoDEGs) were pinpointed, showing significant enrichment in metabolic pathways. Among these genes, Hadhb, Cpt1a, Mrpl12, and Mrps7 were confirmed both in a POI model and in human granulosa cells (GCs), where they were found to accumulate in GCs and theca cells. Immune analysis revealed variations in macrophages, monocytes, and 15 other immune cell types between the POI and control groups. Notably, strong correlations were observed between seven hub-MitoDEGs (Hadhb, Cpt1a, Cpt2, Mrpl12, Mrps7, Mrps51, and Eci1) and various aspects such as mitochondrial respiratory complexes, dynamics, mitophagy, mitochondrial metabolism, immune-related genes, and immunocytes. Additionally, nine potential drugs (calyculin, amodiaquine, eudesmic acid, cefotaxime, BX-912, prostratin, SCH-79797, HU-211, and pizotifen) targeting key genes were identified.
Conclusions
Our results highlight the crosstalk between mitochondrial function and the immune response in the development of POI. The identification of MitoDEGs could lead to reliable biomarkers for the early diagnosis, monitoring and personalized treatment of POI patients.
ABDS: a bioinformatics tool suite for analyzing biologically diverse samples
Authors: Du Dongping , Bhardwaj Saurabh , Lu Yingzhou , Wang Yizhi , Parker Sarah J. , Zhang Zhen , Eyk Jennifer E. Van , Yu Guoqiang , Clarke Robert , Herrington David M. , Wang Yue 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Bioinformatics software tools are essential to identify informative molecular features that define different phenotypic sample groups. Among the most fundamental and interrelated tasks are missing value imputation, signature gene detection, and differential pattern visualization. However, many commonly used analytics tools can be problematic when handling biologically diverse samples if either informative missingness possess high missing rates with mixed missing mechanisms, or multiple sample groups are compared and visualized in parallel. We developed the ABDS tool suite specifically for analyzing biologically diverse samples. Collectively, a mechanism-integrated group-wise pre-imputation scheme is proposed to retain informative missingness associated with signature genes, a cosine-based one-sample test is extended to detect group-silenced signature genes, and a unified heatmap is designed to display multiple sample groups. We describe the methodological principles and demonstrate the effectiveness of three analytics tools under targeted scenarios, supported by comparative evaluations and biomedical showcases. As an open-source R package, ABDS tool suite complements rather than replaces existing tools and will allow biologists to more accurately detect interpretable molecular signals among phenotypically diverse sample groups.
Modified inverted internal limiting membrane flap technique for lamellar macular hole
Authors: Keyal Khusbu , Bing Li , Chunyu Liu , Zhongping Tian , Shao Yuting , Bi Yanlong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Lamellar macular hole (LMH) is a partial-thickness macular defect thought to be caused by vitreofoveal traction, anteroposterior and tangential forces exerting traction on the fovea.
Methods
This is a retrospective study involving 19 eyes. 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), fovea sparing internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling combined with modified inverted ILM flap under air for treatment of LMH was used.
Results
The study comprised 14 females and 5 males, involving 13 right and 6 left eyes, with a mean age of 69.52 ± 8.13 years. Symptom duration averaged 498.94 ± 646.96 days. The preoperative residual foveal thickness, which initially averaged 62.26 ± 46.21µm, increased to a post-operative central foveal thickness of 85.05 ± 48.11 µm after 6 months. Foveal configuration was improved in 15 of 19 eyes (78.94%), one patient had persistent macular edema, and 3 eyes had irregular foveal contour. Among 19 eyes examined, 13 eyes (68.42%) showed intact external limiting membrane (ELM) and ellipsoid zone (EZ) lines both before and after the surgery, resulting in a smooth restoration of the foveal contour. Conversely, in 6 eyes (31.57%) assessed before the operation, the ELM and EZ lines were disrupted. Of these, 3 eyes (15.78%) exhibited improvement, while in the remaining 3 eyes (15.78%), the ELM and EZ lines remained disrupted even after 6 months of follow-up. The mean pre-operative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in LogMAR was 0.66 ± 0.43 and the mean post-operative BCVA in LogMAR at 1 months was 0.55 ± 0.24, at 3 months was 0.53 ± 0.25 and at 6 months was 0.51 ± 0.24, indicating an overall improvement in BCVA compared to pre-operative levels. Mean BCVA improved from 0.66 ± 0.43 logMAR pre-operative to 0.51 ± 0.24 logMAR at 6 months post-operatively (p = 0.058). There were no instances of full thickness macular hole and no foveal detachment.
Conclusion
PPV with fovea sparing ILM peeling combined with modified inverted ILM flap under air results in good morphological and functional outcomes.
Trial registration:
The study project registration number (Tongji Hospital affiliated with Tongji University School of Medicine (Number: K-W-2024-001)).
Bilateral Idiopathic Recrudescent Multifocal Retinal Pigment Epithelial Detachments in a Patient underwent intraocular surgery after Eye Injury: a Case Report
Authors: Wang Siyu , Hu Yuedong , Liu Limin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Bilateral multifocal retinal pigment epithelial detachment (RPED) is a rarely observed entity. Such condition is mostly seen in some idiopathic ocular or systemic pathologies. We report a case of bilateral idiopathic recrudescent multifocal retinal pigment epithelial detachment in a patient after eye injury and traumatic cataract surgery.
Case presentation
The patient is a middle-aged Asian male who developed bilateral multifocal RPED in both eyes following left eye trauma and surgery. The RPED disappeared after conservative treatment but recurred after the implantation of the secondary intraocular lens. There are currently few reports of similar cases involving recurrent bilateral multifocal RPED.
Conclusions
Comprehensive ophthalmological examinations and thorough systemic assessments are crucial to rule out underlying conditions. While some reports suggest that treatment may not be necessary, appropriate non-invasive treatment may help accelerate the pace of recovery.
Fractal analysis of the mandibular ramus in class II and III patients undergoing orthognathic surgery: Retrospective study trough Cone-beam Computed Tomography
Authors: Kussaba Isabela Inoue , Felipe Beatriz Caio , Poluha Rodrigo Lorenzi , Filho Liogi Iwaki , Silva Mariliani Chicarelli da , Iwaki Lilian Cristina Vessoni 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

One of the challenges of orthognathic surgery (OS) is maintaining condylar position during osteosynthesis. It is believed that the post-surgical condylar position is related to postoperative morphological changes in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), as well as surgical stability. Therefore, the aim of this study is to perform fractal analysis of the mandibular ramus in class II and class III patients undergoing OS, analyzing cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images one month before surgery (T0), one month after surgery (T1), and six to eight months after surgery (T2). Fractal analysis was performed on coronal and sagittal reconstructions. Regions of interest (ROIs) were selected for each patient and evaluated region. The ROIs underwent a processing method described by White & Rudolph in 1999. After processing, fractal analysis calculation was performed using the box-counting method by the "Fractal Box Count" function of the ImageJ software. When examining the different periods (T0, T1, and T2) among class II and class III patients, no statistically significant differences were identified (p > 0.05). This finding suggests stability in the fractal characteristics of the analyzed region, regardless of skeletal class. Thus, OS for correction of Class II and Class III malocclusions did not demonstrate a significant impact on the microstructure of the mandibular ramus over time.
Restless Legs Syndrome; Inflammation, Electroneuromyography Findings, and Disease Severity
Authors: eliaçık sinan , tutan duygu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
The pathophysiology of Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) is poorly understood, although inflammation has been suggested to probably play a role. But how much peripheral nerves may be affected? In this study, we aimed to correlate the progression of idiopathic RLS (iRLS) with electrophysiologic changes in both systemic inflammation and peripheral nerves of the lower extremities.
Methods
In this study, we planned to analyze the inflammation markers and electroneuromyography findings of a total of 70 idiopathic iRLS patients according to severity level.
Results
Statistical analysis revealed statistically significant associations between disease severity, various biomarkers, and different levels of RLS severity. Especially neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, platelet/lymphocyte ratio, monocyte/high-density lipid ratio, C reactive protein/albumin ratio and C reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, red cell distribution width, mean platelet volume, ferritin, serum iron, bilirubin, and uric acid, vitamin D levels showed significant differences between severity groups. Correlation analysis also revealed statistically significant relationships between nerve conduction parameters and inflammatory and hematologic markers. Furthermore, peripheral nerve parameters, including all lower extremity nerve conduction velocities and amplitudes, also exhibited significant correlations with RLS severity (p < 0.001).
Conclusions
We found an association between iRLS and inflammatory markers. In addition to this relationship, we also found a positive correlation between the electrophysiological findings of the peripheral nerve of the lower extremities. To confirm the influence of inflammatory factors and inflammation on peripheral nerves in the pathogenesis of iRLS, neurophysiological studies with a large number of participants, including nerve biopsy, are needed.