bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In situ Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticle Embedded Free Standing Multifunctional PDMS Films
Authors: Goyal Anubha , Kumar Ashavani , Patra Prabir K. , Mahendra Shaily , Tabatabaei Salomeh , Alvarez Pedro J. J. , John George , Ajayan Pulickel M. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractWe demonstrate a simple one‐step method for synthesizing noble metal nanoparticle embedded free standing polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composite films. The process involves preparing a homogenous mixture of metal salt (silver, gold and platinum), silicone elastomer and the curing agent (hardener) followed by curing. During the curing process, the hardener crosslinks the elastomer and simultaneously reduces the metal salt to form nanoparticles. This in situ method avoids the use of any external reducing agent/stabilizing agent and leads to a uniform distribution of nanoparticles in the PDMS matrix. The films were characterized using UV‐Vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X‐ray photoemission spectroscopy. The nanoparticle‐PDMS films have a higher Young's modulus than pure PDMS films and also show enhanced antibacterial properties. The metal nanoparticle‐PDMS films could be used for a number of applications such as for catalysis, optical and biomedical devices and gas separation membranes.magnified image
Differential alterations in metabolic pattern of the spliceosomal uridylic acid‐rich small nuclear RNAs (UsnRNAs) during malignant transformation of 20‐methylcholanthrene‐induced mouse CNCI‐PM‐20 embryonic fibroblasts
Authors: Mukherjee Sudeshna , Manna Sugata , Mukherjee Pratima , Panda Chinmay K. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractDifferential alterations of the spliceosomal Uridylic acid rich small nuclear RNAs (UsnRNAs) (U1, U2, U4, U5, and U6) are reported to be associated with cellular proliferation and development, but definitive information is scarce and also elusive. An attempt is made in this study to analyze the metabolic patterns of major spliceosomal UsnRNAs, during tumor development, in an in vitro carcinogenesis model of 20‐methylcholanthrene (MCA)‐transformed Swiss Mouse Embryonic Fibroblast (MEF), designated as CNCI‐PM‐20. MEF cells, after treatment with 20‐MCA, progressed through a sequence of passages with distinct and heritable changes, finally becoming neoplastic at passage‐42 (P42). A differential expression pattern of major UsnRNAs was observed during this process. The abundance of U1 was 20% below control (P1) at passage‐20 (P20), followed by a gradual increase up until P42 (∼12% above the P1 value). The abundance of U2 was more or less constant during the cellular transformation. U4 showed a trend of increase, with above 30% abundance than control at P20, followed by a significant increase at P36 and P42 (1.5‐ and 2‐fold, respectively, P‐value <0.01). U5 also followed an identical pattern, with an increase of 70% compared to control (P‐value <0.05) at P42. Interestingly, U6 gradually decreased from P20 onwards up until P42, with 22% at P20 and 67% at P42 (P‐value <0.01). An overall significant quantitative alteration in abundance of U4, U5, and U6, observed in our study, contributes to the understanding of the fact that, the metabolism of major spliceosomal UsnRNAs is differentially regulated during the process of neoplastic transformation. Mol. Carcinog. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
25 years of SIG‐III and the future of international information
Authors: Bowen Aaron , Carbo Toni , Mehra Bharat , Du Yunfei 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe 2008 ASIS&T Annual Meeting marks the 25th anniversary of the Special Interest Group for International Information Issues. During this time the global impact of information has grown exponentially, both in terms of available information sources and how people use these sources.The members of SIG‐III will present a panel looking at the past 25 years of international information issues and SIG‐III's role in bringing these issues to ASIS&T as a whole for consideration and debate. Toni Carbo, one of the co‐founders of SIG‐III, will keynote this retrospection.A look at the past 25 years of international information offers a lens with which to view potential trends and developments in the future. Toni Carbo, Bharat Mehra, Yunfei Du, and Aaron Bowen will present a “state of the union” on aspects of international information and will evaluate trends and developments which may occur during the next 25 years. Toni will examine privacy, security, and trust. Bharat will examine access and development. Yunfei will examine the digital divide and the knowledge gap. Aaron will examine censorship. All presenters will consider the costs and benefits each topic has accrued for different countries, further challenges with respect to each topic, and potential answers countries may apply to these challenges.
Values and information: An interdisciplinary examination
Authors: Agosto Denise E. , Fleischmann Kenneth R. , Wallace William A. , Japzon Andrea , Khoo Michael 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThis panel will draw on interdisciplinary research relating to information and values. It will open with an interactive session during which the audience members will discuss the role of values in current and future information research. The panel members will then present three papers describing current information research projects in which the concept of “value” plays a major role.
E‐valuating E‐reference: Transforming digital reference through research and evaluation
Authors: Radford Marie L. , Connaway Lynn Silipigni , Pomerantz Jeffrey , Mon Lorri , Janes Joseph 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThis panel presents three different approaches, methods of analysis and data collection techniques to evaluate several digital reference formats. Radford and Connaway evaluate criteria important for perceptions of success across different generations of digital reference users, non‐users, and librarians. They compare Baby Boomer vs. Millennial generations through 497 in‐depth online surveys. Both content delivery and interpersonal communication were found to be important to successful chat encounters. Pomerantz presents a project to evaluate the Slam the Boards effort on Yahoo! Answers (YA) which is the largest web‐based community answer board. The volume of questions and answers on YA is massive with librarian‐provided answers comprising a small amount. Studies of YA users are required to determine if questioners find value in having questions answered by librarians. New practices, metrics, and organizational partnerships must be developed to make future quality evaluation possible. Mon discusses the use of new technologies in digital reference education and practice, and explores information behavior at the Internet Public Library (IPL). The IPL is building an online learning community site to support teaching, learning and research in digital reference. This paper reports the result of research that informs the implementation of digital technologies within the learning community site.
Understanding visual search tools through users' reactions
Authors: Efthimiadis Efthimis N. , Druin Allison , Efthimiadis Efthimis N. , Large Andrew 
Published: June 2009

AbstractToday visual search tools are being used by children in Canada and Mongolia, and college students in the US. These diverse users each have their own needs, expectations, and uses for visual search and the results of such searches. This panel will address issues relating to visual search in diverse environments with various ages of users. The technologies studied are the International Children's Digital Library (ICDL), the children's portal, History Trek, and three web search engines (one visual–KartOO, one hybrid–Quintura, and one text‐based‐‐Google). Panelists will discuss users that range from children of ages 8 to 12, to college students and working adults in Canada, Germany, Honduras, Mongolia, New Zealand, and the United States.Title: Visual Search Can Lead to Cultural UnderstandingAuthor: Allison Druin
Transforming data into services: Delivering the next generation of user‐oriented collections and services
Authors: Connaway Lynn Silipigni , Dickey Timothy J. , O'Neill Edward T. , Gammon Julia , Lavoie Brian , Nicholson Scott 
Published: June 2009

AbstractFor decades, the corporate sector has exploited technological advances to better market and deliver products and services to customers via the techniques of data mining. The technique was not widely used in libraries. However, with the current emphasis on evidence‐based decision making, libraries are beginning to utilize their system‐ and user‐ generated data. Data mining usually involves a significant endeavor to extract embedded and potentially useful information from large undiscovered data sets (Mitra & Acharya, 2003; Hand, Mannila & Smyth, 2001; Frawley, Piatetsky‐Shapiro, & Matheus 1992; Piatetsky‐Shapiro & Frawley 1991).These data mining techniques are being used by librarians to improve both internal decision‐making and external user services by extracting information from operational datasets of both bibliographic and user data. OCLC Research has taken advantage of the WorldCat database, which includes more than 95 million bibliographic records and 1.2 billion holdings records, as well as data provided by other major library systems and consortia to develop user‐oriented collections and services (http://www.oclc.org/research/projects/mining/).
Tagging as a communication device: Every tag cloud has a silver lining
Authors: Pfeiffer Heather D. , Tonkin Emma , Lindner Mark R. , Millen David R. , Kipp Margaret E.I. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe panel will bring together an intentional variety of perspectives on the process and outcomes of tagging, within and without social networking. In particular, how the context is apparent in the vocabulary, language or classifications used in communication. At the individual or conceptual level, tags are seen as a means to avoid some of the issues associated within more formal frameworks, such as fossilized terms of meanings, but at the context, language or ontology level a concept must be expressed via a relatively impoverished vocabulary of jointly shared terms and ideas. One such misunderstanding, one that drives much of the debate on tagging, is the widespread definition of ontology as “a hierarchical structure to describe conceptual structures that are closed, inflexible and restrictive”. However, a lexicon of tags – terms – can be tailored to improve and optimize communication accuracy. The panel will attempt to show how tagging is applied to indicate or derive an appropriate semantics, given the user's understanding of the information's context. Then discussing how this process fits with established theory in knowledge management, KM, linguistics and classification research amongst others, and investigate wider implications.
Pioneering women of the information age
Authors: Buckland Michael , Alarcon Maria Rosario Osuna , Williams Robert V. , Lussky Joan , Ruffner Malissa , Glenn Emily , Smith Linda C. , Tenopir Carol , Barlow Diane , Hahn Trudi Bellardo 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThis session will feature six speakers, each of whom is among the contributors to two special issues of Libraries & the Cultural Record on women pioneers in the information sciences. This session will be the third in a series presented by the Special Interest Group on History and Foundations of Information Science (HFIS). It will spotlight the lives and contributions of remarkable women pioneers in information science. The individual presentations will be about women whose fields of specialty and accomplishments fall in a wide variety of areas‐practice, research, education for the profession, or information policy. Each paper will address the pioneer's leadership, innovation, and advocacy, as well as the historical context and social and professional milieu in which she worked and made her contributions. Each presentation will be about 15 minutes long, and enhanced with slides to show photographs or other relevant historical materials.
Adoption and evaluation issues of automatic and computer aided indexing systems
Authors: Ruiz Miguel E. , Aronson Alan R. , Hlava Marjorie 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThis panel will present an overview of the state‐of‐the‐art in automatic and computer aided indexing systems, and focus on discussion of the factors that influence the success of the implementation of these system as well as the criteria for evaluation. We also will present several case studies of operational systems such as the Indexing Initiative at the National Library of Medicine, the American Water Works Association, the IEEE and ASIS&T Digital Library. Final recommendations and “best practices” will be presented and discussed among panel members and the audience.
The libraries of Second Life: How MUVE could shape the future of digital libraries
Authors: Ruiz Miguel E , Brueckner Allison , Thompson S. , Luo Lili , O'Connor Brian 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThis panel will present an overview of Multi User Virtual Environments (MUVE), specifically Second Life (SL), and its applications in library services and education. The panel includes practitioners as well as educators that have been developing applications in Second Life. They will be presenting current applications of SL in Libraries and virtual campuses, and discuss usability issues associated to these environments.
Library portal images that positively influence their users' perception of the portal
Authors: Smith James P. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThis paper provides an example of how visual information – the images used on academic library Web portals (ALWPs) – transforms users' perceptions of, and preference for, the portal. As a result of the information derived from this research the manner in which visual information is presented in ALWPs may be transformed. The study reported here compared the effect that high‐image‐pertinent (HIP) academic library portals and low‐image‐pertinent (LIP) academic library portals have on the users' preference for one portal over the other.One hundred undergraduate students searched for the answers to two ten‐question information retrieval exercises using matched‐pairs of HIP and LIP academic library portals. The exercises were constructed of questions similar to those asked at an academic library's reference desk.Data collected and statistically analyzed included: the scores from the information retrieval exercises, the time to complete the information retrieval exercises, the mouse‐clicks used to complete the information retrieval exercises and the users' stated portal preference. The HIP portals outperformed the LIP portals and the subjects preferred the HIP portals to the LIP portals in 3 out of 4 measures of performance and preference.
Explicit scientific knowledge comparison based on semantic description matching
Authors: Guo Weisen , Kraines Steven B. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractResearchers begin new research by acquiring pre‐existing explicit scientific knowledge that is potentially relevant to the research subject. In order to find some potentially relevant explicit scientific knowledge items, such as knowledge whose content is similar to the targeted research, a researcher must examine the semantics of each item. In this paper, after reviewing related work, an automated semantic description matching‐based approach is presented for comparing items of explicit scientific knowledge. This approach obtains a matching score between semantic descriptions of two items of explicit scientific knowledge that indicates their similarity. Three dimensions are considered in this approach: matching granularity, similarity scale for instance classes, and logic similarity scale. In order to match two semantic descriptions, a six‐step method is presented: creation of atomic queries, generalization of query classes, generalization of query properties, addition of rules, creation of instances implied by complex class definition, and semi‐automatic pruning of matching results. Finally, some conclusions regarding the approach are presented together with plans for future work.
Departmental websites and female student recruitment
Authors: Hanks Kristin 
Published: June 2009

AbstractFemale recruitment and retention in technology related fields is still low, despite numerous attempts to reverse this trend. As a recruitment device, a school's webpage may be the only visual representation a student will see before deciding whether or not to apply. Thus, understanding the possible implications of this medium is important within the larger conversation on gender equity and opportunities. This research addresses several questions: At first glance, do websites give gender cues, whether intentional or not? Is there a relationship between certain web content and the number of women recruited into technology related schools and departments? Do applied fields (Informatics, Information Science, Instructional Technology, Information Systems) differ in their online recruitment practices from more traditional Computer Science and Engineering departments? It is important to note that this research is not an attempt to find the best web practices to recruit female students or an attempt to punish or blame specific institutions regarding their recruitment practices.
Exploiting cascading citations for retrieval
Authors: Dervos Dimitris A. , Klimis Leonidas 
Published: June 2009

AbstractWe report on the utilization of the cascading citations indexing framework (C2IF) for the identification of similarities among items (in this case research articles) in a bibliographic database. More specifically, the problem of chaining forward from a given focal article is addressed by considering the direct as well as the indirect citations that target the article in question. From the population of articles that cite the given article directly, those associated with a larger number of higher‐level C2IF constructs are found to be more similar to it. The findings also appear to be of value for the mirror image problem of chaining backward from the focal article to a population of referenced articles. Cited publications for which the focal article represents/hosts a larger number of higher‐level C2IF constructs are likely to be more similar to it.As a testbed, sixty (60) highly cited computer science research articles are considered together with their associated bibliographic links over a six‐year period 1999‐2005) in the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE) data. The dataset has been made available by Thomson Scientific for conducting research along the lines of the Cascading Citations Analysis Project (C‐CAP). Similarity values are calculated by considering author‐supplied as well as automatically generated keywords registered in the SCIE dataset. The purpose of this research is to develop a strategy that will improve the effectiveness of retrieval in digital libraries that incorporate bibliographic citations.
Institutional repositories as portents of change: Disruption or reassembly? Conjectures and reconfigurations
Authors: Kennan Mary Anne , Cole Fletcher T.H. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThis paper reviews how Open Access policies (OA) and Institutional Repositories (IR) might be portrayed as agents of change within the realm of scholarly publishing. Using commentary on academic publishing as background, commentary that sees OA and IR as optimal and inevitable, and beneficially disruptive of the existing system, two theoretical approaches are presented as ways of providing a more detailed and explicit analysis of OA/IR dynamics. Both theories to varying degrees derive their inspiration from an exploration of the nature of change. The first “disruptive technology/disruptive innovation” approach (Christensen) specifies change in market theory terms, a re‐structuring ‘driven’ by innovation within, and possibly disruptive of, existing market arrangements. The second approach views change as a process of ‘reassembling’ and reconfiguring of relationships between elements of a network (Actor‐Network Theory). The application of both approaches to OA/IR is explored, including reference to a case study on a university institutional repository implementation. While ‘disruption’ and similar terms might be in common and casual use, the basic idea gains greater clarity in these theories, and in doing so promotes greater awareness of the assumptions being made, and the aspirations being pursued.
Multifaceted image similarity criteria as revealed by sorting tasks
Authors: Laine‐Hernandez Mari , Westman Stina 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThis paper reports a study on the types of image categories constructed from magazine photographs. A novel sorting procedure was tested with the aim of providing more data on image similarity and possible category overlap. Expert and non‐expert participants were compared in their categorizations. The new similarity sorting procedure resulted in an average of 67%–111% increase in similarity data gathered compared to basic free sorting. Categories were constructed on various levels of similarity: image Function, main visual content (People, Objects and Scene), conceptual content (Theme) and descriptors (Story, Affective, Description, Photography and Visual). Most categories were based on the theme and people portrayed in the photograph, and in the case of the expert subjects, image function. Also abstract and syntactic similarity criteria were employed by the subjects. The categories created by each subject showed on average a 35%–53% overlap. Participants also demonstrated a tendency to use multiple similarity criteria simultaneously and to combine terms from different levels in a single category name. These results indicate a need for a multifaceted approach in image categorization.
Social tagging in China and the USA: A comparative study
Authors: Xu Chen , Chu Heting 
Published: June 2009

AbstractTwo sites for tagging, one in China (i.e., 365Key) and one in the USA (i.e., Del.icio.us) are compared in terms of tagging mechanisms and tags created. In general, the Chinese tagging site provides its users with more pre‐set functions whereas its American counterpart gives more freedom to its taggers. Our findings also show that tagging, like many other information behaviors, is greatly influenced by and stamped with the social and cultural traditions existing in each country. Taggers in both countries, however, do tend to choose terms of same or similar meanings, indicating that tagging, regardless of where it is done and where the tagger is from, is usually done according to the fundamental rules in indexing (e.g., nouns or noun phrases as tags). On the other hand, tagging as an activity unique in the networked environment for loosely representing and organizing all kinds of information, does not seem equal to keyword indexing which has been done in producing database systems (e.g., InfoTrac) and search engines (e.g., Google).
Approximate phrase searching: Movie scripts and song lyrics
Authors: Patterson Kathryn , Watters Carolyn 
Published: June 2009

AbstractSearch engines provide an effective means of retrieving a document in which a piece of text occurs when the query contains infrequently occurring terms or the query is known to be an exact phrase. However, phrase queries usually contain common terms including determiners and users may not remember phrases exactly. Search engines discard common terms or assign them little importance, which may lead to poor retrieval results. In this paper, we examine the use of proximity‐based phrase searching to search for quotes from song lyrics and movie scripts and compare the results against Google.ca, Yahoo.com and Ask.com. An improvement of over 25% on search engine results shows that an additional search method to complement the common search engine methods would be beneficial for this task.