bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phomopsinones A–D: Four New Pyrenocines from Endophytic Fungus Phomopsis sp.
Authors: Hussain Hidayat , Krohn Karsten , Ahmed Ishtiaq , Draeger Siegfried , Schulz Barbara , Di Pietro Sebastiano , Pescitelli Gennaro 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe structural elucidation of the compounds isolated from the endophytic Phomopsis sp. revealed phomopsinones A–D (1–4), four new α‐pyrone derivatives. Three known compounds were also isolated, namely two phomosines, phomosine A (5) and phomosine C (6), and ergosterol (7). The structures of these compounds were determined by spectroscopic analysis (1H, 13C, 1H–1H COSY, HMQC, HMBC, and ROESY NMR, and mass spectrometry), supported by molecular modeling. The absolute configurations of the new compounds 1–4 were determined by circular dichroism spectroscopy and TDDFT calculations. Preliminary studies indicated that compounds 1 and 4 show strong and good antifungal activity, respectively. Similarly, compounds 2 and 3 showed good antifungal and moderate antibacterial activities as well as antialgal activities.
Hedgehog‐EGFR cooperation response genes determine the oncogenic phenotype of basal cell carcinoma and tumour‐initiating pancreatic cancer cells
Authors: Eberl Markus , Klingler Stefan , Mangelberger Doris , Loipetzberger Andrea , Damhofer Helene , Zoidl Kerstin , Schnidar Harald , Hache Hendrik , Bauer Hans‐Christian , Solca Flavio , Hauser‐Kronberger Cornelia , Ermilov Alexandre N. , Verhaegen Monique E. , Bichakjian Christopher K. , Dlugosz Andrzej A. , Nietfeld Wilfried , Sibilia Maria , Lehrach Hans , Wierling Christoph , Aberger Fritz 
Published: February 2012

AbstractInhibition of Hedgehog (HH)/GLI signalling in cancer is a promising therapeutic approach. Interactions between HH/GLI and other oncogenic pathways affect the strength and tumourigenicity of HH/GLI. Cooperation of HH/GLI with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signalling promotes transformation and cancer cell proliferation in vitro. However, the in vivo relevance of HH‐EGFR signal integration and the critical downstream mediators are largely undefined. In this report we show that genetic and pharmacologic inhibition of EGFR signalling reduces tumour growth in mouse models of HH/GLI driven basal cell carcinoma (BCC). We describe HH‐EGFR cooperation response genes including SOX2, SOX9, JUN, CXCR4 and FGF19 that are synergistically activated by HH‐EGFR signal integration and required for in vivo growth of BCC cells and tumour‐initiating pancreatic cancer cells. The data validate EGFR signalling as drug target in HH/GLI driven cancers and shed light on the molecular processes controlled by HH‐EGFR signal cooperation, providing new therapeutic strategies based on combined targeting of HH‐EGFR signalling and selected downstream target genes.
Internal tumor burden in neurofibromatosis Type I patients with large NF1 deletions
Authors: Kluwe Lan , Nguyen Rosa , Vogt Julia , Bengesser Kathrin , Mussotter Tanja , Friedrich Reinhard E. , Jett Kimberly , Kehrer‐Sawatzki Hildegard , Mautner Victor‐Felix 
Published: February 2012

AbstractNeurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) is a frequent tumor suppressor gene disorder characterized by multiple benign tumors and high risk of malignancy. Internal tumor burden is a major disease‐associated manifestation and can be most adequately assessed by magnetic resonance imaging of the whole body. Approximately 5% of NF1 patients have constitutional large NF1‐deletions that are generally associated with more severe clinical manifestations. Here, we investigated whether these deletion patients also have more and/or larger internal tumors by assessing internal tumors and their total volume (exclusive of cutaneous and subcutaneous) in 38 NF1 deletion patients (including eight mosaic cases) and 114 age‐ and gender‐matched NF1 patients without deletions. The incidence of internal tumors was significantly lower in mosaic deletion patients (1/8 = 13%) but did not differ between the 30 nonmosaic deletion patients and the 90 age‐ and gender‐matched NF1 patients without large deletions used as controls. Neither the number nor the total volume of tumors per patient differed significantly between the latter two groups. However, extremely high tumor burden (>3,000 ml) was significantly more frequent among nonmosaic NF1 deletion patients than among NF1 patients without large deletions (13% vs. 1%, P = 0.014). Thus, as a group, patients with NF1 deletions do not exhibit a significantly higher internal tumor burden than NF1 patients without such deletions. However, deletion patients can frequently have extremely large internal tumors and thus demand special attention. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Iron homeostasis in astrocytes and microglia is differentially regulated by TNF‐α and TGF‐β1
Authors: Rathore Khizr I. , Redensek Adriana , David Samuel 
Published: February 2012

AbstractAbnormal iron homeostasis is increasingly thought to contribute to the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders. We have previously reported impaired iron homeostasis in a mouse model of spinal cord injury and in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Both these disorders are associated with CNS inflammation. However, what effect inflammation, and in particular, inflammatory cytokines have on iron homeostasis in CNS glia remains largely unknown. Here we report that the proinflammatory cytokine TNF‐α, and the anti‐inflammatory cytokine TGF‐β1 affect iron homeostasis in astrocytes and microglia in distinct ways. Treatment of astrocytes in vitro with TNF‐α induced the expression of the iron importer “divalent iron transporter 1” (DMT1) and suppressed the expression of the iron exporter ferroportin (FPN). However, TGF‐β1 had no effect on DMT1 expression but increased the expression of FPN in astrocytes. In microglia, on the other hand, both cytokines caused induction of DMT1 and suppression of FPN expression. Iron influx and efflux assays in vitro confirmed that iron homeostasis in astrocytes and microglia is differentially regulated by these cytokines. In particular, TNF‐α caused an increase in iron uptake and retention by both astrocytes and microglia, while TGF‐β1 promoted iron efflux from astrocytes but caused iron retention in microglia. These data suggest that these two cytokines, which are expressed in CNS inflammation in injury and disease, can have profound and divergent effects on iron homeostasis in astrocytes and microglia. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Net costs of dementia in Sweden – An Incidence Based 10 Year Simulation Study
Authors: Sköldunger Anders , Wimo Anders , Johnell Kristina 
Published: February 2012

BackgroundAging of the population results in increasing number people suffering from dementia, and this will have a great impact on costs for the society. Because of the long duration of dementia disorders, it is difficult to collect empirical data for the whole survival period of incident cases. Therefore, modeling approaches are frequently used. The purpose of this study was to describe the costs of an incident dementia cohort with progression modeling.MethodsEpidemiological data indicated that the incidence of dementia in Sweden was 24,000 people in 2005. Thus, incident cases were run in a Markov model for 10 cycles of 1 year each. Severity state specific costs were used and defined by Clinical Dementia Rating scale.ResultsTotal cost for the cohort was 27.24 billion Swedish Krona (SEK). The mean cost per person and year was 269,558 SEK. Total cost for long‐term institutional care was 21 billion SEK during the modeled period.ConclusionCost of long‐term institutional care is the major cost driver, even in mild dementia. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Exploring biological electron transfer pathway dynamics with the Pathways Plugin for VMD
Authors: Balabin Ilya A. , Hu Xiangqian , Beratan David N. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractWe describe the new Pathways plugin for the molecular visualization program visual molecular dynamics. The plugin identifies and visualizes tunneling pathways and pathway families in biomolecules, and calculates relative electronic couplings. The plugin includes unique features to estimate the importance of individual atoms for mediating the coupling, to analyze the coupling sensitivity to thermal motion, and to visualize pathway fluctuations. The Pathways plugin is open source software distributed under the terms of the GNU's Not Unix (GNU) public license. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The impact of summer temperature changes on vegetation development in Ireland during the Weichselian Lateglacial Interstadial
Authors: van Asch Nelleke , Hoek Wim Z. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractWe analysed pollen from a sediment core from Fiddaun, a small Lateglacial lake basin in western Ireland. Results reflect the general Lateglacial vegetation development in Ireland, as reconstructed from other pollen records. The Fiddaun diagram shows a number of short‐lived regressive vegetation phases during the Interstadial. The close similarity between two pollen records from the same region (Fiddaun and Lurga) indicates that these fluctuations probably reflect regional rather than local changes. Comparison with a previously published climate reconstruction, based on a chironomid‐inferred mean July air temperature reconstruction, lithology, and oxygen and carbon isotopes of lake marl from the Fiddaun record, allowed us to establish the relationship between summer temperature and vegetation changes. Results reveal that two temporary regressive shifts in the pollen record correspond to cold oscillations, which have been correlated to Greenland Interstadial 1b and 1d. It seems that the first cold oscillation (GI‐1d) had the most distinct effect on vegetation in Ireland. In contrast, it appears that the transition fromJuniperusshrubland andEmpetrumheath to grassland, which is estimated at ∼13.7 ka BP, was not caused by decreasing summer temperatures, as no substantial change is observed in the climate proxies. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ancillary information improves kriging on soil organic carbon data for a typical karst peak cluster depression landscape
Authors: Zhang Wei , Wang Kelin , Chen Hongsong , He Xunyang , Zhang Jiguang 
Published: February 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: Soil carbon management at landscape scale requires reliable information on the spatial distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC). However, how to improve the accuracy of spatial prediction is not well addressed in the karst region of southwestern China. This study evaluates the performance of univariate kriging (ordinary kriging (OK)) and hybrid kriging (co‐kriging (CK), regression kriging (RK) and residual maximum likelihood (REML)) in mapping the spatial distribution of SOC at a depth of 0–15 cm. Terrain attributes and the normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) were used as ancillary variables.RESULTS: The distribution of SOC was significantly related to NDVI and terrain attributes. Furthermore, geostatistical analyses reflected a moderately structured spatial correlation of SOC. Regression analyses identified the NDVI and slope as the best predictors for describing the spatial pattern of SOC. Combined with NDVI and slope gradient, REML and RK performed better in increasing map prediction accuracy and decreasing the soothing effect of kriging.CONCLUSION: The spatial pattern of SOC was controlled by topography and cultivation activity. The predictive abilities of OK and CK were limited. Combined with the auxiliary variables, REML and RK can improve the prediction accuracy. This study is beneficial for the further research of precise SOC management in the typical karst landscape. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
High dose stereotactic body radiotherapy using three fractions for colorectal oligometastases
Authors: Bae Sun Hyun , Kim Mi‐Sook , Cho Chul Koo , Kang Jin‐Kyu , Kang Hye Jin , Kim Young Han , Shin Ui‐Sup , Moon Sun Mi , Lee Dong Han 
Published: February 2012

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThis study evaluated the treatment result of high dose stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for colorectal oligometastases.MethodsBetween 2003 and 2009, 41 patients with 50 lesions confined to one organ from colorectal cancer (CRC) and treated with high dose SBRT ≥45 Gy were retrospectively reviewed. Lymph nodes (LNs) (18 patients) were the most frequent sites followed in order by lung (12) and liver (11). SBRT doses ranged from 45 to 60 Gy in three fractions (median 48 Gy). The cumulative gross tumor volume (GTV) ranged from 2 to 123 ml (median 13 ml).ResultsThe median follow‐up period from the SBRT date was 28 months (range, 6–65 months). The 3‐year local control and overall survival rates were 64 and 60%, and the respective 5‐year rates were 57 and 38%. Cumulative GTV and SBRT dose were statistically significant prognostic factors for local control. The grade 3 or 4 complications occurred in three patients (7%).ConclusionsHigh dose SBRT for colorectal oligometastases was found to produce results comparable with surgical series. To improve local control, dose higher than 48 Gy are recommend when possible, but further study will be required to define the optimal normal tissue constraints and acceptable toxicity. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 106:138–143. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Adjuvant chemotherapy decreases and postpones distant metastasis in extremity stage IIB/III synovial sarcoma patients
Authors: Chen Yong , Yang Yun , Wang Chunmeng , Shi Yingqiang 
Published: February 2012

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe role of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) in treatment of synovial sarcoma remains controversial. Aim of our study is to investigate the influence of AC on disease‐specific survival and metastasis free survival, the difference in time to metastasis (TTM) was also analyzed.Materials and MethodsSeventy‐six cases of stage IIB/III synovial sarcoma from January 1993 to December 2008 were retrospectively analyzed. All the 76 patients were treated with surgical resection. AC regimen included first line MAID or AIM, second line Gemcitabine + Docetaxel with sufficient dose intensity. The clinical, pathologic, and treatment variables were analyzed for disease specific survival (DSS), metastasis free survival (MFS) and TTM.ResultsMedian follow up period was 68 months. 51 patients received AC (51/76, 67%), 25 received no adjuvant chemotherapy (NAC, 25/76, 33%). The 5‐year DSS of the AC patients was 73%(58–87%) compared with 31%(19–52%) for the NAC patients (P = 0.001). AC was also independently associated with improved MFS (P = 0.008) and prolonged TTM (P = 0.001).ConclusionsPatients with stage IIB/III synovial sarcoma might benefit in DSS, MFS, and a prolonged TTM from AC. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 106:162–168. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Predictive index for lymph node management of major salivary gland cancer
Authors: Wang Yu‐Long , Li Duan‐Shu , Gan Hua‐Lei , Lu Zhong‐Wu , Li Hui , Zhu Guo‐Pei , Huang Cai‐Ping , Zhu Yong‐Xue , Chen Tong‐Zhen , Wang Yu , Sun Guo‐Hua , Wang Zhuo‐Ying , Shen Qiang , Wu Yi , Ji Qing‐Hai 
Published: February 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To find the risk factors of lymph node (LN) metastasis of salivary gland cancer and draw a scheme for LN management.Study Design:Hospital‐based retrospective study.Methods:The records of salivary gland cancer patients treated at the Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Cancer Hospital, Fudan University, were entered in a database, and 219 consecutive patients with carcinomas of major salivary glands primarily operated on between January 1998 and January 2011 were chosen for univariate and multivariate analysis to identify risk factors for LN involvement.Results:Fifty‐eight (26.5%) patients had LN involvement. Factors associated with cervical LN involvement on univariate analysis included pathologic type, male sex, shorter duration of preoperative course, facial paralysis, advanced T stage, and major nerve, soft tissue, lymphatic/vascular (L/V), neural/perineural, and extracapsular invasion. Multivariate analysis identified major nerve invasion, histologic type, L/V invasion, and extracapsular invasion as significant factors for LN involvement. The proportion of patients with LN involvement with low (105), middle (61), high (34), and super high (19) predictive index scores based on the four risk factors were 3.8%, 27.9%, 55.9%, and 94.7%, respectively.Conclusions:A predictive index using the clinicopathologic factors described in this report can effectively stratify patients into risk groups for nodal metastasis. Comprehensive management based on this risk index should improve treatment outcomes for patients with salivary gland cancer.
Pulmonary complications after major head and neck surgery: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Petrar Steven , Bartlett Clark , Hart Robert D. , MacDougall Peter 
Published: February 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) following head and neck surgery are common. Patients undergoing tracheostomy, free tissue transfer reconstruction, and postoperative ventilation in an intensive care unit (ICU) have a high incidence of PPCs. We sought to define the incidence of PPCs in this cohort and to determine what factors PPCs correlate with.Study Design:Retrospective cohort study.Methods:Following institutional research ethics board approval, a retrospective review of patients undergoing major head and neck surgery at a Canadian tertiary care center was conducted. The development of PPCs was the outcome of interest. Quality assurance parameters including ICU and hospital lengths of stay, and mortality were also recorded.Results:There were 105 patients enrolled, of which 47 (44.8%) sustained one or more PPCs. The most frequent PPC was respiratory failure, accounting for 39 of 94 PPCs observed. Hypertension was the only comorbidity that correlated with development of a PPC (P = .031). Those who sustained PPCs were older than those who did not (median age, 65.6 vs. 58.7 years; P = .005). Development of PPCs correlated with longer ICU and hospital stays. There was increased mortality among patients with PPCs compared to those without (12.8% vs. 1.7%, P = .04).Conclusions:Patients undergoing major head and neck surgery are at high risk of PPCs. Advanced age and hypertension significantly correlated with PPCs. PPCs correlate with prolonged ICU and hospital stays, and increased mortality. Further research is needed to define risk factors, useful investigations, and effective optimization strategies to mitigate PPCs.
New technology applications: Knotless barbed suture for tracheal resection anastomosis
Authors: Bush Carrie M. , Prosser John D. , Morrison Michele P. , Sandhu Guri , Wenger Karl H. , Pashley David H. , Birchall Martin A. , Postma Gregory N. , Weinberger Paul M. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Tracheal resection anastomoses are often under tension and can be technically challenging. New suture materials such as V‐loc (barbed, knotless wound closure device) may offer advantages over conventional methods. The objective of this study is to determine if a running V‐loc suture is of comparable tensile strength to conventional closure.Study Design:Laboratory based study of human cadaveric tissue.Methods:Fresh human cadaveric tracheas were dissected and incised into segments. Anastomosis of adjacent segments was then performed with either submucosal interrupted 3‐0 Vicryl, or a running submucosal 3‐0 V‐loc suture. Anastomosed specimens were stretched to failure on an Instron force tension machine. Surgeon satisfaction was recorded by visual analog scale (VAS).Results:The tensile strength of 12 tracheal anastomoses was tested. Video documentation of V‐loc suture technique and anastomosis failure was recorded. In both Vicryl (80%) and V‐loc (100%) anastomoses, failure occurred at the membranous intercartilaginous region. In 20% of the Vicryl anastomoses, the suture was noted to break prior to tissue failure. Anastomoses with V‐loc suture had equivalent failure force (mean, 59 N) compared to interrupted Vicryl (51 N), with P = .57. On VAS, surgeons were more satisfied with V‐loc suture closure compared to interrupted Vicryl closure (paired t test, P = .003).Conclusions:Tracheal anastomosis with running v‐loc suture is a feasible alternative to conventional closure with interrupted Vicryl suture. V‐loc suture provided a surgical advantage by improved ease of use.
Bevacizumab nasal spray: Noninvasive treatment of epistaxis in patients with rendu‐osler disease
Authors: Guldmann Romain , Dupret Agnes , Nivoix Yasmine , Schultz Philippe , Debry Christian 
Published: February 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of bevacizumab administered at a concentration of 50 mg as an intranasal spray in the treatment of epistaxis in patients suffering from Rendu‐Osler disease.Study Design:Prospective.Methods:A preliminary, prospective, review board‐approved study was conducted on six patients with Rendu‐Osler disease who received 10 treatment courses of 50 mg bevacizumab. Monthly follow‐up was based on the epistaxis severity score (ESS), with adverse effects being reported.Results:Ten treatment courses were administered to six patients, with a mean follow‐up period of 2.8 months. A statistically significant decrease in mean ESS was observed at 1 month (P < .001) and 2 months (P < .005), whereas a nonsignificant decrease was found at 3 months (P = .07). A nonsignificant decline in mean ESS was detected at 1 month in patients with ESS ≥7 at baseline. No adverse effects were reported.Conclusions:The intranasal spray application of 50 mg bevacizumab was found to be an effective symptomatic treatment over a period of 2 months for patients with a pretreatment ESS of <7, with no adverse effects being noted.
Will a crushed concha bullosa form again?
Authors: Tanyeri Hasan , Aksoy Elif Ayanoglu , Serin Gediz Murat , Polat Senol , Türk Ali , Ünal Ömer Faruk 
Published: February 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:This study endoscopically and radiologically evaluated whether a surgically crushed concha bullosa (CB) can form again.Study Design:Prospective study.Methods:This study included 14 adults who underwent CB surgery between March 2010 and February 2011. The middle turbinate was examined endoscopically and classified pre‐ and postoperatively into four groups according to size. The CB volume of all patients was measured using pre‐ and postoperative paranasal sinus computed tomography (CT). The pre‐ and postoperative measurements were compared using the paired t test.Results:This study included 22 CB in 11 men and 3 women with a mean age of 35.85 (range, 20–47) years. The mean follow‐up period was 4.42 (range, 2–10) months. The middle turbinates were significantly smaller postoperatively (P < .0005), as was the CB volume measured using paranasal sinus CT (P < .0005).Conclusions:The CB crushing technique is an easy, conservative treatment modality. As the CB does not appear to reform after crushing, this technique can be considered a definitive treatment. Nevertheless, these patients should be followed for the long term.