bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design of Nanostructured Waterborne Adhesives with Improved Shear Resistance
Authors: Bellamine Amel , Degrandi Elise , Gerst Matthias , Stark Rüdiger , Beyers Cornelis , Creton Costantino 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe mechanical and adhesive properties of a series of model nanostructured waterborne PSA films have been characterized. The base polymer composition of the latex has been kept constant but systematic modifications have been carried out: the introduction of nanoparticles localized at the interfaces between particles, and the incorporation of a crosslinking agent. The mechanical properties have been characterized and show that the most effective modifications result in an increase in the low‐frequency modulus in the small‐strain regime and in a more pronounced softening and strain‐rate‐dependent behavior in the large‐strain regime. In industrial standard tests, this combination gives a dramatically increased resistance to shear while maintaining a high value of peel resistance. magnified image
Preparation and Characterization of High‐Performance Poly(trimethylene terephthalate) Nanocomposites Reinforced with Exfoliated Graphite
Authors: Li Meilu , Jeong Young Gyu 
Published: November 2010

AbstractTo improve the physical properties of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT), a series of nanocomposites based on PTT and exfoliated graphite (EG) are prepared via melt compounding and their structures, thermal stabilities, mechanical, and electrical properties are studied. XRD and SEM show that graphene nanosheets are well dispersed in the PTT matrix without forming crystalline aggregates even at high EG content. Thermal stability and dynamic mechanical moduli of the nanocomposites are substantially improved by EG addition, and a pronounced increase in electrical volume resistivity from an insulator to almost a semiconductor is observed with increasing EG content. The electrical percolation threshold of the nanocomposites is found to be formed at the EG concentration between 3.0 and 5.0 wt.‐%.magnified image
A Comparison of Triazole‐forming Bioconjugation Techniques for Constructing Comb‐Shaped Peptide–Polymer Bioconjugates
Authors: Canalle Luiz A. , van der Knaap Matthijs , Overhand Mark , van Hest Jan C. M. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe grafting‐to of a peptide to a side chain functional polymer was investigated using “click” chemistry. Two click reactions were compared: the copper‐free strain‐promoted azide‐alkyne 1,3‐cycloaddition (SPAAC) and the traditional copper‐catalyzed azide‐alkyne 1,3‐cycloaddition (CuAAC). For the resulting comb‐shaped products, it was found that the steric bulk of the conjugation moiety used in SPAAC limits the degree of grafting for these highly dense systems, whereas CuAAC gives (near) quantitative functionalization.
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Periodic Incorporation of Pendant Hydroxyl Groups in Repeating Sequence PLGA Copolymers
Authors: Stayshich Ryan M. , Weiss Ryan M. , Li Jian , Meyer Tara Y. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractA series of repeating sequence poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) copolymers (RSC PLGAs) has been prepared with the precise incorporation of a pendant benzyl‐ether substituted monomer derived from serine. Copolymers were synthesized from the assembly of sequence‐specific, stereopure dimeric, and trimeric segmers of lactic, glycolic, and (S)‐3‐benzyloxy‐2‐hydroxypropionic acids with controlled and varied tacticities. Deprotection of the hydroxyl groups was accomplished by catalytic hydrogenolysis to yield highly functionialized, hydrophilic polyesters. The 1H and 13C NMR spectra for all of the copolymers were consistent with sequence and stereochemical retention and lacked the signal broadening that is inherent with more random copolymers. magnified image
Silent saliva aspiration in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Rodrigues Bernardo , Nóbrega Ana Caline , Sampaio Marília , Argolo Natalie , Melo Ailton 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBackground: Silent laryngeal penetration and silent aspiration (SLP/SA) are common manifestations in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and are frequently associated with dysphagia. However, little is known about saliva aspiration in this population. Objective: We investigated the frequency and characteristics of saliva SLP/SA in PD patients with daily drooling (Group A) and in individuals without PD or daily drooling (Group B). Method: Both groups were evaluated by fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) after dyeing the oral cavity with blue dye. The oropharynx was assessed for the presence of the stasis of saliva, and sensitivity was tested by direct tactile stimuli. Results: PD patients (n = 28) and controls (n = 18) were evaluated. We observed silent aspiration of saliva in 10.7% and silent laryngeal penetration of saliva near the vocal folds in 28.6% of Group A; however, none of these events was observed in Group B. Sensitivity in the epiglottis and posterior wall of the hypopharynx was decreased in 89.2% of Group A and in 33.3% of Group B, whereas in the aryepiglottic folds and interarytenoid area, a decrease in sensitivity was observed in 92.8% and in 44.4% of Groups A and B, respectively. Conclusion: Silent aspiration and laryngeal penetration of saliva are common features in PD patients with daily drooling. The presence of hypoesthesia of the laryngeal structures and the lack of protective reflexes in such patients may play a major role in the mechanisms of SLP/SA. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society.
Rantes secreted from macrophages disturbs skeletal muscle regeneration after cardiotoxin injection in Cbl‐b‐deficient mice
Authors: Kohno Shohei , Ueji Tatsuya , Abe Tomoki , Nakao Reiko , Hirasaka Katsuya , Oarada Motoko , Harada‐Sukeno Akiko , Ohno Ayako , Higashibata Akira , Mukai Rie , Terao Junji , Okumura Yuushi , Nikawa Takeshi 
Published: November 2010

AbstractDeficiency of the Cbl‐b ubiquitin ligase gene activates macrophages in mice. This study aimed to elucidate the pathophysiological roles of macrophages in muscle degeneration/regeneration in Cbl‐b‐deficient mice. We examined immune cell infiltration and cytokine expression in cardiotoxin‐injected tibialis anterior muscle of Cbl‐b‐deficient mice. Ablation of the Cbl‐b gene expression delayed regeneration of cardiotoxin‐induced skeletal muscle damage compared with wild‐type mice. CD8‐positive T cells were still present in the damaged muscle on day 14 after cardiotoxin injection in Cbl‐b‐deficient mice, but there was dispersal of the same cells over that time‐frame in wild‐type mice. Infiltrating macrophages in Cbl‐b‐deficient mice showed strong expression of RANTES (regulated‐on‐activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted), a chemokine for CD8‐positive T cells. In turn, a neutralizing antibody against RANTES significantly suppressed the infiltration of CD8‐positive T cells into the muscle, resulting in restoration of the disturbed muscle regeneration. Cbl‐b is an important regulatory factor for cytotoxic T‐cell infiltration via RANTES production in macrophages. Muscle Nerve, 2011
Thermal Residual Stresses and Triaxiality Measures
Authors: Wippler Johannes , Böhlke Thomas 
Published: November 2010

AbstractHigh performance ceramics have found their way into many highly challenging engineering tasks. For example silicon nitride is one of the best choices, if a material for demanding applications like metal forming and cutting is required. Due to the brittle nature of these hard and strong materials it is useful to know about thermal residual stresses, which can arise during the sintering process. In order to gain insight into the material behaviour, a single grain inclusion is exposed to thermal loads. Due to thermal mismatch, it undergoes a residual stress and strain field. The geometry of the model and the material data are motivated by the properties of silicon nitride. The stress fields are analyzed by three different measures for stress triaxiality. (© 2010 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Dynamical problems of the theory of elasticity for solids with double porosity
Authors: Svanadze Merab 
Published: November 2010

AbstractIn this paper the dynamical theory of elasticity for solids with double porosity is presented. The single‐layer and double‐layer potentials are constructed and basic properties are established. The uniqueness theorems of the internal and external boundary value problems (BVPs) of steady vibrations are proved. The existence theorems of classical solution of the external BVPs by means of the boundary integral method and the theory of multidimensional singular integral equations are proved. (© 2010 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
On Aerodynamic Optimization of Wind Farm Layout
Authors: Rašuo Boško , Bengin Aleksandar , Veg Aleksandar 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThis paper presents a method for determination of optimum positions of single wind turbines within the wind farms installed on arbitrary configured terrains, in order to achieve their maximum production effectiveness. (© 2010 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Computation of mixed Lie derivatives in nonlinear control
Authors: Röbenack Klaus 
Published: November 2010

AbstractSeveral algorithms in nonlinear control require Lie derivatives. The symbolic computation using computer algebra software is straightforward. However, the applicability of symbolic computation in nonlinear control is limited due to a considerable increase of the sizes of higher order derivatives. This problem can be circumvented using an alternative computation technique for derivatives called algorithmic differentiation. We extend existing approaches to calculate mixed Lie derivaties. (© 2010 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Malignant germ cell tumors associated with Swyer syndrome
Authors: Stachowicz‐Stencel Teresa , Synakiewicz Anna , Iżycka‐Świeszewska Ewa , Kobierska‐Gulida Grażyna , Balcerska Anna 
Published: November 2010

AbstractSwyer syndrome is characterized by a higher risk of developing genital malignancies. In this disorder, the most common is gonadoblastoma and dysgerminoma but also, in rare cases, choriocarcinoma. The prognosis in choriocarcinoma is poor. The early diagnosis of dysgenetic gonads is necessary in view of the risk of malignancies. It can be difficult due to its different clinical masks. When the neoplasm precedes the diagnosis of gonadal dysgenesis, adequate oncological treatment should be introduced with parallel gonadectomy. We present a case of 14‐year‐old female with 46, XY karyotype with choriocarcinoma in one gonad and dysgerminoma in the second one. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011;56:482–483. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Risks of congenital malformations and perinatal events among infants exposed to calcium channel and beta‐blockers during pregnancy
Authors: Davis Robert L. , Eastman David , McPhillips Heather , Raebel Marsha A. , Andrade Susan E , Smith David , Yood Marianne Ulcickas , Dublin Sascha , Platt Richard 
Published: November 2010

AbstractPurposeCalcium channel blockers and beta‐blockers (BBs) are widely used during pregnancy, but data on their safety for the developing infant are scarce. We used population‐based data from 5 HMOs to study risks for perinatal complications and congenital defects among infants exposed in‐utero.MethodsWe studied women older than 15 years delivering an infant between 1/1/96 and 12/31/00, who had been continuously enrolled with prescription drug coverage for ≥1 year prior to delivery. Information on prescription drug dispensings, inpatient, and outpatient diagnoses and procedures was obtained from automated databases at each HMO.ResultsThere were 584 full‐term infants exposed during pregnancy to BBs and 804 full‐term infants exposed to calcium‐channel blockers, and over 75 000 unexposed mother–infant pairs with ≥30 days follow‐up. Infants exposed to BBs in the third trimester of pregnancy had over threefold increased risk for hypoglycemia (RR 3.1; 95% CI 2.2, 4.2) and an approximately twofold increased risk for feeding problems (RR 1.8; 95% CI 1.3, 2.5). Infants exposed to calcium‐channel blockers in the third trimester had an increased risk for seizures (RR 3.6 95% CI 1.3, 10.4). Chart review confirmed the majority of the exposed seizure and hypoglycemia cases. There were no increased risks for congenital anomalies among either group of infants, except for the category of upper alimentary tract anomalies; this increased risk was based on only two exposed cases.ConclusionsInfants whose mothers receive BBs are at increased risk for neonatal hypoglycemia, while those whose mothers take calcium‐channel blockers are at increased risk for neonatal seizures. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The curing retardation and mechanism of high temperature vulcanizing silicone rubber filled with superconductive carbon blacks
Authors: Zhang Yuanyuan , Pang Minglei , Xu Qiang , Lu Haifeng , Zhang Jie , Feng Shengyu 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe curing retardation and mechanism of high‐temperature vulcanizing silicone rubber (HTV SR) filled with superconductive carbon black (CB) BP2000 have been studied experimentally and theoretically. The results show that both rubber matrix and CBs have influences on the peroxide curing of rubber/CBs composites. The retardation does not appear as prominent in nature rubber (NR)/BP2000 composites as in HTV SR/BP2000 composites. Quantum chemistry calculations reveal that the curing retardation of HTV SR/BP2000 composite should not be attributed to the curing reaction dynamics of HTV SR molecules. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses of CBs show that the effect of radical scavenging of phenol‐OH groups existing on BP2000 surface is the main reason for the retardation in the peroxide curing reaction. The effect is found to be more effective in HTV SR/BP2000 composite and thus retards its curing. The curing retardation does not appear in silicone rubber (SR)/BP2000 composites vulcanized by condensation reaction, and the resulting vulcanizates have excellent physical properties. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers.
Dielectric spectroscopy of poly(butylene succinate‐co‐butylene adipate) films
Authors: Tai Horng‐Jer 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe results of dielectric studies in semicrystalline poly (butylene succinate‐co‐butylene adipate) (PBSA) by means of dielectric relaxation spectroscopy from 163 to 353 K and in the frequency range of 0.056–17,800 Hz are reported. The subglass β process is found to follow an Arrhenius temperature dependence, whereas the segmental α process follows a Vogel–Fulcher–Tammann temperature dependence. The higher temperature Maxwell–Wagner–Sillars (MWS) process was studied by applying the Bruggeman‐Hanai equation, which helped to understand the underlying relaxation dynamics. The MWS process originates from the charge accumulation at the interface between the low‐conductivity continuous medium and the high‐conductivity dispersed particles. A three‐phase model in which the medium comprises the crystalline and rigid amorphous phases (RAPs) and the particle comprises solely the mobile amorphous phases (MAPs) is required to explain the particle fraction variation with temperature. With increasing temperature, the MAP fraction increases at the expense of the RAP fraction within the continuous medium. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers.
Biobased cyanate ester composites with epoxidized soybean oil and in situ generated nano‐silica
Authors: Zhan Guozhu , Tang Xiaolin , Yu Yingfeng , Li Shanjun 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBiobased cyanate ester (CE) nanocomposites have been prepared from renewable resource, epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) and in situ generated nano‐silica via sol–gel process. The isothermal curing process was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and rheometry. The results indicate that the incorporation of silica accelerates the reaction at the beginning stage of curing process but descends the final isothermal curing conversion. The morphological study of nanocomposites by scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope suggests that the silica exists in the forms of both nanoparticles and silica networks, while the diameter of ESO‐rich phase diminished with the increase of silica loading. In addition, the thermal–physical and mechanical properties were evaluated by dynamic mechanical analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, and tensile mechanical test. The biobased CE nanocomposites show effectively improved properties compared to the systems without nano‐silica. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers.
Crosslinking of poly(N‐vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone) in the coating of cotton yarn
Authors: Immich Ana Paula Serafini , de Araújo Pedro Henrique Hermes , Catalani Luiz Henrique , de Souza Antônio Augusto Ulson , Souza Selene M.A. Guelli U. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractCoating of cotton yarn is employed in the textile industry to increase the mechanical resistance of the yarns and resistance to vibration, friction, impact, and elongation, which are some of the forces to which the yarn is subjected during the weaving process. The main objective of this study is to investigate the usage of a synthetic hydrophilic polymer, poly(N‐vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone) (PVP), to coat 100% cotton textile yarn, aiming to give the yarn a temporary mechanical resistance. For the improvement of the mechanical resistance of the yarn, the following crosslinking processes of PVP were investigated: UV‐C (ultraviolet) radiation, the Fenton and photo‐Fenton reactions, and sensitized UV‐C radiation. The influence of each crosslinking process was determined through tensile testing of the coated yarns. The results indicated that the best crosslinking process employed was UV‐C radiation; increasing the mechanical resistance of the yarn up to 44% if compared with the pure cotton yarn, that is, without polymeric coating and crosslinking. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers.
In situ binary sol–gel reaction of various trifunctional alkoxysilane in the silane‐grafted polyolefin matrix and its effect upon the mechanical properties
Authors: Adachi Kenta , Honda Kensuke , Yamazaki Suzuko , Hirano Tomoyuki , Kurokawa Hiroshi , Wakabayashi Akinobu , Kasai Paul H. , Nakamae Katsuhiko , Iwabuki Hitoshi , Murakami Koji 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe vinyltrimethoxysilane‐grafted ethylene‐propylene copolymer/trifunctional methoxysilane (EPR‐g‐VTMS/RTMS) composites were prepared via in situ silica sol–gel reactions. Five trifunctional methoxysilane compounds (n‐hexyltrimethoxysilane, n‐decyltrimethoxysilane, n‐tetradecyltrimethoxysilane, n‐octadecyltrimethoxysilane, and phenyltrimethoxysilane) have been selected for this study. The water‐cross‐linked EPR‐g‐VTMS/RTMS composites were characterized by attenuated total reflectance‐Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, gel content, solid‐state 29Si CP/MAS NMR, wide‐angle x‐ray scattering, tensile strength, and field emission scanning electron microscopy measurements. The type of RTMS additive has a substantial influence on the nature of siloxane band networks and eventually the mechanical tensile properties. This finding suggests that the interaction and/or entanglement between the EPR‐g‐VTMS matrix and the substituent of the RTMS additives are crucial for the modifying mechanical properties. Moreover, for the water‐cross‐linked EPR‐g‐VTMS/CnTMS (n = 6, 10, 14, and 18) composites, the joint evidence provided by attenuated total reflectance‐Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 29Si CP/MAS NMR, and wide‐angle x‐ray scattering results suggested the formation of ladder‐type poly(n‐alkyl silsesquioxane)s and the presence of the highly ordered structure with a thickness equal to the length of two n‐alkyl groups in all‐trans conformation. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers.
Comments Regarding ‘An Essay on Contact Angle Measurements’
Authors: Di Mundo Rosa , Palumbo Fabio 
Published: November 2010

AbstractIn this commentary we discuss the assay by M. Strobel and C. S. Lyons on contact angle measurements, critical and popular topic in surface/plasma science community. We agree with stressing the importance of dynamic contact angle measurements (i.e. the evaluation of both advancing and receding). However, we make some remarks about the meaning of angle hysteresis with particular regard to the concepts of roughness and chemical heterogeneity, on the basis of our experience in hydrophobic and super‐hydrophobic surfaces. Further, we describe our different point of view in the dispute between Wilhelmy balance and sessile drop methods.
The structure of the ends of α‐helices in globular proteins: Effect of additional hydrogen bonds and implications for helix formation
Authors: Leader David P. , Milner‐White E. James 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWe prepared a set of about 2000 α‐helices from a relational database of high‐resolution three‐dimensional structures of globular proteins, and identified additional main chain i ← i+3 hydrogen bonds at the ends of the helices (i.e., where the hydrogen bonding potential is not fulfilled by canonical i ← i+4 hydrogen bonds). About one‐third of α‐helices have such additional hydrogen bonds at the N‐terminus, and more than half do so at the C‐terminus. Although many of these additional hydrogen bonds at the C‐terminus are associated with Schellman loops, the majority are not. We compared the dihedral angles at the termini of α‐helices having or lacking the additional hydrogen bonds. Significant differences were found, especially at the C‐terminus, where the dihedral angles at positions C2 and C1 in the absence of additional hydrogen bonds deviate substantially from those occurring within the α‐helix. Using a novel approach we show how the structure of the C‐terminus of the α‐helix can emerge from that of constituent overlapping α‐turns and β‐turns, which individually show a variation in dihedral angles at different positions. We have also considered the direction of propagation of the α‐helix using this approach. If one assumes that helices start as a single α‐turn and grow by successive addition of further α‐turns, the paths for growth in the N → C and C → N directions differ in a way that suggests that extension in the C → N direction is favored. Proteins 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Impurities in graphene
Authors: Zhang Yan‐Yang , Hu Jiangping , Bernevig B. A. , Wang X. R. , Xie X. C. , Liu W. M. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWe report the transport properties of graphene in the presence of topological and (non‐topological) long‐range impurities, in the framework of a tight‐binding model. We first investigate the electronic transport properties of a zigzag edge graphene nanoribbon with several kinds topological defects: a pentagon, a heptagon, and a pentagon–heptagon pair at the center. On the aspect of non‐topological impurities, we perform systematic calculations to investigate the effect of the impurity potential range and its density on the conductance of graphene nanoribbon. Moreover, we demonstrate that the nonlinear dependence in the recent experiment can also be explained when scattering due to the low density and long‐range impurities are accounted. We also calculate the scaling properties of disordered graphene with long‐range impurities in the framework of finite‐size scaling. On the marginal metallic side, we find that the conductance is independent of the system size, which is a characteristic of the Kosterlitz–Thouless type transition in conventional 2D systems with random magnetic field. We explicitly probe the K–T transition nature of the MIT by identifying the bounding and unbounding vortex‐anti‐vortex local currents in the system.