bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of immunological interventions for mixed chimerism following allogeneic stem cell transplantation in children with juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia
Authors: Inagaki Jiro , Fukano Reiji , Nishikawa Takuro , Nakashima Kentaro , Sawa Daisuke , Ito Nobuhiro , Okamura Jun 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBackgroundFor children with juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) who undergo stem cell transplantation (SCT), the role of immunological interventions including withdrawal of immunosuppressive therapy (IST) and donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) for treatment of disease recurrence remains uncertain.ProcedureWe analyzed serial chimerism status following SCT and evaluated the efficacy of immunological interventions for the management of mixed chimerism (MC) in children with JMML.ResultsChimerism analysis was available in 26 SCT cases following the first and second SCT. MC was observed in 16 cases and withdrawal of IST was performed in 14 cases immediately after identification of MC. Donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) was performed in five MC cases. Eight MC cases were observed at the time of neutrophil recovery. Following withdrawal of IST, three cases achieved complete chimerism (CC) while the proportion of autologous cells increased rapidly in the remaining five cases. Six MC cases were observed after achievement of hematological remission (HR) and responses to withdrawal of IST were observed in two cases. In the remaining four cases, despite withdrawal of IST, the proportion of autologous cells increased. Five cases received DLI but only one case responded.ConclusionAlthough the benefits of immunological interventions for MC after SCT in JMML were limited, some patients did achieve HR as a result of these treatment modalities without a second SCT. Close monitoring of donor chimerism and early detection of MC is helpful in guiding treatment after SCT in children with JMML. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2013; 60: 116–120. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The consequences of Lactobacillus vini and Dekkera bruxellensis as contaminants of the sugarcane-based ethanol fermentation
Authors: de Souza Rafael Barros , Santos Billy Manoel dos , de Fátima Rodrigues de Souza Raquel , Silva Paula Katharina Nogueira da , Lucena Brígida Thais Luckwu , de Morais Marcos Antonio 
Published: July 2012

Abstract
This work describes the effects of the presence of the yeast Dekkera bruxellensis and the bacterium Lactobacillus vini on the industrial production of ethanol from sugarcane fermentation. Both contaminants were quantified in industrial samples, and their presence was correlated to a decrease in ethanol concentration and accumulation of sugar. Then, laboratory mixed-cell fermentations were carried out to evaluate the effects of these presumed contaminants on the viability of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the overall ethanol yield. The results showed that high residual sugar seemed the most significant factor arising from the presence of D. bruxellensis in the industrial process when compared to pure S. cerevisiae cultures. Moreover, when L. vini was added to S. cerevisiae cultures it did not appear to affect the yeast cells by any kind of antagonistic effect under stable fermentations. In addition, when L. vini was added to D. bruxellensis cultures, it showed signs of being able to stimulate the fermentative activity of the yeast cells in a way that led to an increase in the ethanol yield.
Production of a hybrid 16-membered macrolide antibiotic by genetic engineering of Micromonospora sp. TPMA0041
Authors: Sakai Ayami , Mitsumori Aki , Furukawa Mika , Kinoshita Kenji , Anzai Yojiro , Kato Fumio 
Published: July 2012

Abstract
Some polyketide-derived bioactive compounds contain sugars attached to the aglycone core, and these sugars often enhance or impart specific biological activity to the molecule. Mycinamicin II, a 16-member macrolide antibiotic produced by Micromonospora griseorubida A11725, contains a branched lactone and two different deoxyhexose sugars, d-desosamine and d-mycinose, at the C-5 and C-21 positions, respectively. We previously engineered an expression plasmid pSETmycinose containing the d-mycinose biosynthesis genes from M. griseorubida A11725. This plasmid was introduced into Micromonospora sp. FERM BP-1076 cells, which produce the 16-membered macrolide antibiotic izenamicin. The resulting engineered strain TPMA0041 produced 23-O-mycinosyl-20-deoxy-izenamicin B1 and 22-O-mycinosyl-izenamicin B2. 23-O-mycinosyl-20-deoxy-izenamicin B1 has been produced by the engineered strain M. rosaria TPMA0001 containing pSETmycinose as 23-O-mycinosyl-20-deoxo-20-dihydro-12,13-deepoxyrosamicin (=IZI) in our recent study, and 22-O-mycinosyl-izenamicin B2 has previously been synthesized as a macrolide antibiotic TMC-016 with strong antibacterial activity. The production of 22-O-mycinosyl-izenamicin B2 (=TMC-016) was increased when propionate, a precursor of methylmalonyl-CoA, was added to the culture broth.
Security models for delegated keyword searching within encrypted contents
Authors: Yau Wei-Chuen , Phan Raphael C. -W. , Heng Swee-Huay , Goi Bok-Min 
Published: July 2012

Abstract
Within modern internet infrastructure including networks that are ubiquitous, there is often a need for delegatable communication between nodes without compromising the confidentiality of information. In practice, this should be enforced while allowing some basic functionality for intermediate delegated nodes such as searching through encrypted content. This can be achieved using a Public key encryption with keyword search (PEKS) scheme, first proposed by Boneh et al., which enables to search publicly encrypted messages for keywords without revealing any information about the message. The issue of PEKS schemes being vulnerable to keyword guessing attacks (KGAs) was first shown by Byun et al., and two of the most recent PEKS schemes, i.e., due to Rhee et al. in (ASIACCS, pp 376–379, 2009; IEICE Electron Express 6(5):237–243, 2009) and (J Syst Softw 83(5):763–771, 2010), respectively, are designed with this security in mind. In this paper, we treat this KGA problem in detail and define new security models to capture KGAs against PEKS and designated PEKS schemes. These models are more security sufficient than the model considered by Rhee et al. (J Syst Softw 83(5):763–771, 2010); indeed the latter model does not afford sufficient adversarial capability in the sense that it is much weaker than the adversarial capability considered in the original IND-CKA model of Boneh et al. Our new models allow to capture KGAs on three recent designated PEKS schemes that cannot be captured in the weaker model of Rhee et al.
Cognitive correlates of cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in frontotemporal dementia
Authors: Koedam Esther L.G.E. , van der Vlies Annelies E. , van der Flier Wiesje M. , Verwey Nicolaas A. , Koene Ted , Scheltens Philip , Blankenstein Marinus A. , Pijnenburg Yolande A.L. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractObjectiveIn this study we investigated the relationships between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers (tau and amyloid‐β1‐42 [Aβ1‐42]) and cognition or behavior in patients with frontotemporal dementia (the behavioral variant, bvFTD).MethodsWe included 58 patients with bvFTD. All patients underwent a neuropsychological assessment and lumbar puncture. Relationships between CSF biomarkers and cognition or behavior were assessed with linear regression analysis.ResultsAfter correction for age, sex, and education, CSF tau levels were found to be negatively related to the Visual Association Test (standardized β = −0.3, P < .05), whereas CSF Aβ1‐42 levels were found to be positively related to the Mini‐Mental State Examination (β = 0.3, P < .05), the frontal assessment battery (β = 0.5, P < .05), and digit span backwards test (β = 0.3, P = .01). We did not find relations between CSF biomarkers and behavior (measured by the neuropsychiatric inventory). After excluding all patients with a CSF biomarker profile often seen in Alzheimer's disease (high levels of tau and low levels of Aβ1‐42), we still found relations between CSF Aβ1‐42 levels and Visual Association Test object naming (β = 0.4, P < .05), as well as between CSF Aβ1‐42 levels and the frontal assessment battery (β = 0.5, P < .05, but there was no relation between CSF tau and cognition.ConclusionLow CSF Aβ1‐42 levels are associated with worse general cognitive function and worse executive function in patients with bvFTD. Our results provide circumstantial evidence for a pathophysiological role of Aβ1‐42 in bvFTD.
Vision improvement in a Taiwanese (Han Chinese) family with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy
Authors: Lin Hong‐Zin , Pang Cheng‐Yoong , Chen Shee‐Ping , Tsai Rong‐Kung 
Published: July 2012

AbstractIn this report, we describe a Taiwanese (Han Chinese) family with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy. The family carried a mitochondrial DNA mutation (mtDNA m.14484T>C) associated with spontaneous visual improvement. A 15‐year‐old boy from this family was diagnosed with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy 6 months after losing his vision. His vision recovered after 8 months of supportive treatment. His mother, older brother, and two sisters also had the same mutation and had previously experienced vision loss. In this family, there was no male predominance.
A case of multiple metastatic malignant melanoma with the largest lesion in the ileum and no skin lesion
Authors: Suzuki Shuji , Watanabe Shoichi , Kato Hiroshi , Hattori Hideo , Morita Akimichi 
Published: July 2012

AbstractWe report the case of a 72‐year‐old woman with malignant melanoma and multiple metastases; the largest tumor was in the ileum. The patient experienced general fatigue and bloody feces for 1 month before consulting a nearby clinic. Blood tests revealed anemia, and fecal occult blood was positive, but no abnormalities were detected using gastrointestinal endoscopy and colonoscopy or the skin of the entire body. Computed tomography images of the chest, abdomen, and pelvic region, and positron emission tomography–computed tomography images of the entire body revealed multiple nodules in the ileum, left mammary gland, left thyroid, right inguinal lymph node, and on the fascia of the right thoracic area and right buttocks. The tumor in the left mammary gland was excised and immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the excised tissue was positive for HMB45, melan‐A, and MITF, but negative for S‐100 protein. Diagnosed with melanoma with multiple metastases, the patient underwent four cycles of dacarbazine, nimustine hydrochloride, and vincristine (DAV) plus interferon beta chemotherapy and one cycle of dacarbazine, nimustine hydrochloride, cisplatin, and tamoxifen (DAC‐Tam) chemotherapy. Two series of embolizations of the artery feeding the ileum tumors, as well as a series of plasma and red blood cell transfusions, were performed for ileum tumor hemorrhage. The patient was hospitalized eight times, for a total of 204 days during the 1‐year survival period before her death from respiratory failure.
Calcaneal Quantitative Ultrasound Compared With Hip and Femoral Neck Dual‐Energy X‐Ray Absorptiometry in People With A Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Schnitzer Thomas J. , Wysocki Nicole , Barkema Danielle , Griffith James , Lent Victoria , Romba Meghan , Welbel Rachel , Bhuva Sheena , Manyam Bindu , Linn Sarah 
Published: July 2012

ObjectiveTo evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of calcaneal quantitative ultrasound (QUS) measurements for identifying osteoporosis determined by dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) at the hip in a spinal cord injury (SCI) population.DesignCross‐sectional retrospective review of data collected in the bone health registry of persons with a disability.SettingInpatients and outpatients at a single acute rehabilitation hospital.ParticipantsA convenience sample of 66 participants, both inpatients and outpatients, with a spinal cord injury.MethodsCalcaneal T scores were determined by ultrasound, and bone density of the lumbar spine, total hip, and femoral neck were determined by DXA.Main Outcome MeasurementsRight and left calcaneal QUS T scores and right and left hip and femoral neck DXA T scores.ResultsRight and left hip DXA T scores were strongly associated with corresponding right and left calcaneal QUS T scores (right: r = .72, P < .001; left: r = .70, P < .001). Similar associations were found when we evaluated femoral neck T scores and calcaneal QUS T scores. Receiver operating characteristic analysis for evaluating QUS to identify DXA‐defined osteoporosis demonstrated an area under the curve of 0.81 for all participants (acute and chronic injury) and 0.68 for those with a chronic SCI.ConclusionsA strong association exists between calcaneal QUS T scores and bone density T scores at the hip measured by DXA. QUS may have a place in the screening of people with SCI 1 year or more after their injury to evaluate their bone status.
Kenosis and its Discontents: Towards an Augustinian Account of Divine Humility
Authors: Pardue Stephen 
Published: July 2012

AbstractAfter many years of dormancy, the concept of kenosis has recently received widespread and lively attention from contemporary theologians. Yet, in the midst of this revival, there has emerged a steady stream of critique of the concept because of its apparently adverse doctrinal and ethical implications. Less remarked upon, but equally important, is an analogous and long-standing debate about the nature and pervasiveness that we should assign to humility in Christian teaching. Indeed, the interweaving of humility and kenosis in Philippians 2 arguably requires that the two rise or fall together; even if the concepts are not semantically equal, their meanings and their theological implications overlap in manifold and important ways. This article surveys the current state of the question, and argues that the works of Augustine yield valuable insights regarding the most knotty problems emerging from contemporary disputes about kenosis and humility. In the first part, I outline several recent perspectives on kenosis, aiming to bring clarity to the discussion. Along the way, I note the similarities between kenosis and humility as they function theologically, and I offer a summary of the qualities that a theologically sound account of those concepts would need to exhibit in order to address the valid concerns which have so far been raised. In the second part, I propose that closer attention to the theme of humility (both human and divine) may shed new and important light on kenosis debates, suggesting that Augustine is the ideal theologian on whom to test this theory. To this end, I explore Augustine's explanations of christology and language, suggesting that these are the loci through which Augustine's perspective on humility – both divine and human – is best expressed. In both cases, Augustinian humility strikes a noteworthy balance between restraint and empowerment and offers an instructive vantage point from which to address the complex and lively discussions about kenosis. While the African bishop may not offer a decisive resolution of these matters, his approach to them does hold significant promise for a depiction of humility and kenosis which incorporates the valid concerns of critics while simultaneously preserving an unavoidable and central aspect of Christian doctrine.
Narratives and explanations during mealtime conversations in Norway and the U.S.
Authors: Aukrust Vibeke Grøver , Snow Catherine E. 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTMealtimes reveal culturally specific ways of talking, and constitute opportunities for socialization of children into those ways. In 22 Norwegian families and 22 American families, matched for age and gender of preschoolaged child and for participant constellation, mealtimes were examined for the occurrence and type of narrative and explanatory talk. All indices suggested that the Norwegian families produced more narrative talk – in particular, talk about minor deviations from social scripts – whereas the American families produced more explanatory talk, particularly talk focused on explanations for physical events or for individual behaviors. When Norwegian families gave explanations, they were likely to be focused on social norms and deviations from them, like their narratives. The results are interpreted in relation to the Norwegian cultural values of mitigated collectivism, egalitarianism, homogeneity, and implicit social rules, in contrast to American values of individualism, diversity, and explicit formulation and transmission of civic values. (Socialization, culture, narrative, explanation, family, mealtimes, Norway, USA.)
Micro language planning and the revival of Hebrew: A schematic framework
Authors: Nahir Moshe 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTSupported by contemporary evidence, this study discusses the revival of Hebrew a century ago (within two or three decades), with a focus on the actual total shift of pre-Israel Palestine's Jewish community from Yiddish and several other languages to Hebrew as an all-purpose means of communication. First, four “factors” that prevailed prior to and during the revival are discussed: the “communicative”, “political”, “religious”, and “literary.” The study then proposes schematically that the shift to Hebrew evolved in a cycle consisting of four consecutive albeit partially overlapping “steps”: (1) The children are instilled with desired language attitudes. (2) The children acquire the code, Hebrew. (3) The children transfer Hebrew, now a second language, out of the schools. (4) With these children now adults, their newly born receive Hebrew as a first language. Finally, the study suggests that, in the absence of a central authority, the revival can be seen as a case of “micro language planning,” in which potential speakers constituted “language planning agents” active in “language planning cells.” (Language revival, Hebrew, language planning, language shift, vernacular)
Figures of speech: Figurative expressions and the management of topic transition in conversation
Authors: Drew Paul , Holt Elizabeth 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTIn conversation, speakers occasionally use figurative expressions such as “had a good innings,” “take with a pinch of salt,” or “come to the end of her tether.” This article investigates WHERE in conversation such expressions are used, in terms of their sequential distribution. One clear distributional pattern is found: Figurative expressions occur regularly in topic transition sequences, and specifically in the turn where a topic is summarized, thereby initiating the closing of a topic. The paper discusses some of the distinctive features of the topic termination/transition sequences with which figurative closings are associated, particularly participants' orientation to their moving to new topics. Finally, the interactional use of figurative expressions is considered in the context of instances where their use fails to secure topical closure, manifesting some conflict (disaffiliation, etc.) between the participants. (Figurative expressions, idioms, conversation, topic)
Recent sediments and sedimentation in the Inner Hebrides
Authors: Farrow George E. 
Published: July 2012

SynopsisLittle land-derived material currently reaches the sea. Inland deposits are dominantly organic, peat succeeding lacustrine diatomite. Marine sediments result from the wave and tidal current reworking of Pleistocene glacial debris, with an admixture of Holocene skeletal carbonate. Muddy sands are accumulating in glacially overdeepened and tidally scoured hollows, reworked from moraine and outwash. Lag gravels occur on the shallows.Beach sands have a local origin, with mixtures of shelly fauna and rock fragments eroded from adjacent cliffs. Beaches are less carbonate-rich than in the Outer Hebrides, except on Coll and Tiree. They are also finer, which encourages well-developed dune systems. Calcareous dunes are locally cemented on Coll, the cementation picking out ‘fossilised’ hoof-prints.There is no transport of coastal bedload to the shelf, so that offshore sediments are more calcareous. Bivalves, barnacles, gastropods, worm tubes and sea urchins make significant contributions to the shellsand. Underwater television surveys show a diverse suite of sedimentary facies: algal gravels in shallow, sheltered tidal channels; carbonate-rich sand ribbons and sandwaves along the main tidal streams; highly burrowed muds in the deeper, lower energy areas, with many examples of penecontemporaneous nodule formation.
Marine Mollusca of Islay and Skye
Authors: Smith Shelagh M. 
Published: July 2012

SynopsisBaseline surveys of Islay and Skye show that the shores of the latter island have the more diverse mollusc population. Detailed investigation of the Mollusca associated with algae corroborates the general survey. The reason for the comparative paucity of Mollusca on Islay appears to stem from a number of factors of which the lack of variety of habitats and the shorter shores with little tidal range are the most obvious. Additional work carried out by diving and dredging enhanced the data from Skye, supporting the view that a combination of approaches produces the best results in a baseline survey, and helps to minimise any false impression of a marine fauna which may arise in surveys arbitrarily restricted to above or below low water mark or to a single method of obtaining data. The relationship of the marine molluscan fauna of Islay and Skye to that of west Scotland as a whole is briefly discussed.
Land use and settlement history of the southern Inner Hebrides
Authors: Storrie Margaret C. 
Published: July 2012

SynopsisThe earliest evidence of prehistoric activity in Scotland comes from Jura. Most of Jura has been rather inimical to settlement, in comparison with other islands of the southern Inner Hebrides—Colonsay and Oronsay, Gigha and Cara, and Islay—all endowed with deposits more useful to man than Jura. Land use and settlement in these islands spread from the coasts into and up the river valleys until the first half of the19th century, after which they retreated. There have, however, been several waves of retreat and readvance.This paper assesses the present stage of research in the chronicle of these changes in the southern islands, pointing to some of the unanswered questions. The archaeological, onomastic and historical evidence is briefly examined against a slowly changing environment that has been relatively favourable, in a Hebridean context. Areal expansion, upward extension and intensified use of the land increased in momentum, with interruptions, after the late medieval period. The time of greatest change began just after the middle of the 18th century and lasted for another century.Elements of this change and its effects on settlement are discussed, using records and maps from private and official archives, topographic and other writings, and population and agrarian censuses. The important role of landlords, their agents and subsequent planners in instituting, and even containing, change is briefly assessed. In the southern Inner Hebrides an unusual, non-crofting landscape resulted: an estate, farming and sporting landscape, with, in the case of Islay, over a dozen industrial and service villages.The characteristic ‘Highland Problem’ of landscape and land use, increasingly ill-suited to the needs of later 19th and 20th century economy and society, has been less evident in these islands than in others in the Hebrides, although they now show disturbing trends. Present land use and settlement are briefly examined.
Mineral resources of the Inner Hebrides
Authors: Gribble C. D. 
Published: July 2012

SynopsisThe review examines the commercial potential of deposits of iron ores, lead, chromite, silica-rich rocks and diatomite that the Inner Hebrides possesses. Working quarries are described and their reserves estimated. Careful assessment of all the available data suggests that only the Raasay Ironstone, two diatomite deposits in Skye and an operating sand and gravel deposit at Allt Anavig in Skye merit further, detailed investigation.