bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Graphene oxide dots‐loaded chitin flask: A sustainable adsorbent for separating multiple dyes from water
Authors: Mishra Priyanka Priyadarsini , Das Pratik , Paul Sukarna , Das Piyali , Manna Suvendu , Basak Piyali , Das Nigamananda , Behera Ajaya Kumar 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis research endeavors to comprehensively explore the sorption dynamics of dyes from aqueous solutions utilizing a graphene oxide‐chitin (GO‐chitin) biosorbent. The investigation systematically evaluates the influence of key parameters, including temperature, pH, duration of contact, and initial dye doses, on the sorption efficiency of the biosorbent. Results obtained indicated that at acidic pH range, the dye removal efficacy was more than 80% for methyl orange and Remazol Brilliant Blue. Maximum removal efficacy was achieved within the 30 min of adsorption studies. Notably, the study underscores the remarkable adsorption capacity of GO‐chitin, varies in the range of 75% and 95%, for all three dyes, positioning it as a highly promising material for the remediation of polluted aquatic environments. The adsorption follows pseudo‐second‐order kinetics and Freundlich isotherm. These findings contribute valuable insights into the potential application of GO‐chitin as an effective biosorbent in the context of wastewater treatment, emphasizing its role in addressing environmental challenges associated with dye contamination in aqueous systems.
Climate concepts for supporting political goals of mitigation and adaptation: The case for “climate crisis”
Authors: Haueis Philipp 
Published: May 2024

AbstractClimate concepts are crucial to understand the effects of human activity on the climate system scientifically, and to formulate and pursue policies to mitigate and adapt to these effects. Yet, scientists, policymakers, and activists often use different terms such as “global warming,” “climate change,” “climate crisis,” or “climate emergency.” This advanced review investigates which climate concept is most suitable when we pursue mitigation and adaptation goals in a scientifically informed manner. It first discusses how survey experiments and social science reviews on climate frames draw normative recommendations about which terms to use for public climate communication. It is suggested that such normative claims can be refined by including the scientific alongside lay uses of a climate concept, and by using explicit assessment conditions to evaluate how suitable a concept is for formulating mitigation and adaptation goals. Drawing on philosophical theories of conceptual change in science and conceptual engineering, a novel framework with two assessment conditions is introduced and then applied to “global warming,” “climate change,” “climate emergency,” and “climate crisis.” The assessment suggests that currently, “climate crisis” is most suitable to formulate and pursue climate mitigation and adaptation goals. Using this concept promotes the epistemic goals of climate science to a high degree, bridges scientific, political, and activist discourse, and fosters for democratic participation when articulating climate policies.This article is categorized under:
The Social Status of Climate Change Knowledge > Climate Science and Decision Making
The Social Status of Climate Change Knowledge > Knowledge and Practice
Perceptions, Behavior, and Communication of Climate Change > Communication
Unicorn paradox: Understanding undergraduate Black men's leader identity, capacity, and efficacy
Authors: Spencer Dorsey , Beatty Cameron C. , Allen Johnnie , Robinson Darius 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study highlights opportunities for developing programs and initiatives to assist Black men in understanding leadership and seeing themselves as leaders, and for decreasing low college retention and persistence rates. The themes from this qualitative narrative inquiry highlight leader identity, capacity, and efficacy for undergraduate Black men. Narrative inquiry was appropriate for this study because the researchers sought to better understand how Black undergraduate male student leaders make meaning of their experience in higher education related to their comprehension of leadership and identity as leaders.
Moving away from willful ignorance: A critical whiteness examination of leadership educator socialization
Authors: Wagner Anna 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn the face of calls for the standardization and professionalization of leadership education, a sub‐field in higher education, it is important to understand who leadership educators are and how they come to understand themselves as belonging to this sub‐field. Recent critiques have arisen about the overwhelming whiteness that permeates the knowledge accepted within leadership education. To be cognizant of that critical perspective, this article applies the critical whiteness studies framework to analyze existing literature about leadership educator identity and socialization. It concludes with recommendations for the field of education to implement in order to combat the impact of whiteness on the field of leadership education.
Relative lengths of Maltsev conditions
Authors: Lipparini Paolo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe solve some problems about relative lengths of Maltsev conditions, in particular, we provide an affirmative answer to a classical problem raised by A. Day more than 50 years ago. In detail, both congruence distributive and congruence modular varieties admit Maltsev characterizations by means of the existence of a finite but variable number of appropriate terms. A. Day showed that from Jónsson terms $$t_0,\ldots , t_n$$

t
0

,
…
,

t
n

witnessing congruence distributivity it is possible to construct terms $$u_0,\ldots , u _{2n-1} $$

u
0

,
…
,

u

2
n
-
1

witnessing congruence modularity. We show that Day’s result about the number of such terms is sharp when n is even. We also deal with other kinds of terms, such as alvin, Gumm, directed, as well as with possible variations we will call “specular” and “defective”. All the results hold when restricted to locally finite varieties.
Mathematical explanations for knee osteotomies: “Dear engineer, how would you explain it in a simple way?”
Authors: Bechis Marco , Rosso Federica , Verocq Marie , Innocenti Bernardo , Rossi Roberto , Bonasia Davide Edoardo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Knee osteotomies are effective procedures to treat different deformities and to redistribute the load at the joint level, reducing the risk of wear and, consequently, the need for invasive procedures. Particularly, knee osteotomies are effective in treating early arthritis related to knee deformities in young and active patients with high functional demands, with excellent long-term results. Precise mathematical calculations are imperative during the preoperative phase to achieve tailored and accurate corrections for each patient and avoid complications, but sometimes those formulas are challenging to comprehend and apply.

Methods
Four specific questions regarding controversial topics (planning methods, patellar height, tibial slope, and limb length variation) were formulated. An electronic search was performed on PubMed and Cochrane Library to find articles containing detailed mathematical or trigonometrical explanations. A team of orthopedic surgeons and an engineer summarized the available Literature and mathematical rules, with a final clear mathematical explanation given by the engineer. Wherever the explanation was not available in Literature, it was postulated by the same engineer.

Results
After the exclusion process, five studies were analyzed. For three questions, no studies were found that provided mathematical analyses or explanations. Through independent calculations, it was demonstrated why Dugdale's method underestimates the correction angle compared to Miniaci's method, and it was shown that the variation in patellar height after osteotomy can be predicted using simple formulas. The five included studies examine postoperative variations in limb length and tibial slope, providing formulas applicable in preoperative planning. New formulas were independently computed, using the planned correction angle and preoperatively obtained measurements to predict the studied variations.

Conclusions
There is a strict connection among surgery, planning, and mathematics formulas in knee osteotomies. The aim of this study was to analyze the current literature and provide mathematical and trigonometric explanations to important controversial topics in knee osteotomies. Simple and easy applicable formulas are provided to enhance the accuracy and outcomes of this surgical procedure.
Geschlechtsspezifische Aspekte bei Asthma bronchiale
Authors: Löffler-Ragg Judith , Idzko Marco 
Published: May 2024

ZusammenfassungGeschlechtsspezifische Aspekte beim Asthma bronchiale wurden vorwiegend hinsichtlich biologischer Faktoren untersucht und weisen auf deutliche Unterschiede in den hormonellen Lebensphasen, sind aber nicht in allen Studien konsistent zu finden. Während die Prävalenz von Asthma im Kindes- und Teenageralter bei Jungen höher scheint, führt der Frauenanteil im Erwachsenenalter. Frauen scheinen häufiger einen schwereren Asthmaphänotyp mit erhöhter Mortalität zu haben. Adipositas und gastroösophagealer Reflux sind dabei häufigere Begleiterkrankungen bei Frauen vs. Männer. Zahlreiche Beobachtungsstudien deuten auf hormonabhängige, zyklische Schwankungen der Asthmakontrolle und damit assoziierte Inanspruchnahme von medizinischen Leistungen. In der Schwangerschaft ist Asthma bronchiale die häufigste Ursache von Atembeschwerden, und eine gute Therapieführung ist hierbei entscheidend für Mutter und Kind. Die Transition in die Menopause geht allgemein mit einem beschleunigten FEV1(Einsekundenkapazität)-Verlust bei Frauen und mit erhöhter Exazerbationsrate von Frauen mit Asthma einher. Der Stellenwert von Hormonersatztherapie ist hierbei noch unklar. Zusammengefasst dürften hormon- und genderabhängige Faktoren geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede bei Asthma bronchiale bedingen. Letztere werden noch kaum in Studien berücksichtigt, und klare mechanistische Evidenz fehlt noch weitgehend.
Mean platelet volume might be an effective indicator of poor semen quality in varicocele patients
Authors: Mei Yangyang , Xie Pinpeng , Liu Dalu , Zhang Bo , Feng Xingliang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objective
To delve into the relationship between mean platelet volume (MPV) and semen quality in patients with varicocele.

Materials and methods
A total of 246 varicocele patients and 120 healthy adult males were enrolled. Physical examinations and the color Doppler ultrasonography were conducted on patients with varicocele to confirm the diagnosis. Venous blood samples and semen samples were collected from all participants for subsequent analysis. A series of statistical analyses were conducted to assess the relationship between their MPV levels and semen quality. A series of statistical analyses were performed to assess the relationship between MPV and semen quality.

Results
No statistically significant differences were found between body mass index (BMI), sexual hormones, semen volume, platelet count, and right testicular volume in all three groups (health subjects, varicocele without symptoms, and varicocele with infertility). When conducting regression analysis on two groups with varicocele, the results indicated that a lower MPV is associated with a reduced risk of varicocele accompanied by infertility (OR = 0.557 95% CI: 0.432–0.719, P < 0.001). Further correlation analysis in varicocele patients revealed that high MPV had a statistically negative impact on the occurrence of poor semen quality, affecting sperm concentration, progressive motility, and morphology (all P < 0.001). More importantly, when predicting varicocele associated with infertility, MPV demonstrated high diagnostic sensitivity (AUC = 0.745, P < 0.001).

Conclusion
Our results indicate that MPV is higher in varicocele with infertility and is closely related to semen quality, which may suggest an accompanying decline in semen quality associated with varicocele. However, these conclusions require further experimental validation.
Gesundheitskompetentes Handeln von chronisch kranken Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen in berufsbildenden Settings ermöglichen: ein typenbildendes Verfahren
Authors: Michele Janine , Gillen Julia 
Published: May 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Junge Erwachsene mit chronischen Erkrankungen sind in der Ausgestaltung von institutionellen Rahmenbedingungen in berufsbildenden Kontexten bisher kaum berücksichtigt. Gleichzeitig benötigen sie abseits von beruflichen Handlungskompetenzen jedoch auch entsprechende Gesundheitskompetenzen, um mit der eigenen Erkrankung in berufsbezogenen Kontexten adäquat umzugehen.

Ziel
Auf der Basis von typenbildend herausgearbeiteten Performanzformen werden Implikationen aufgezeigt, anhand derer es auf organisationaler Ebene ermöglicht werden kann, Voraussetzungen für gesundheitskompetentes Verhalten zu schaffen sowie individuelle Gesundheitskompetenzen in berufsbildenden Kontexten zu fördern.

Methodik
Es wurden 12 biographische Interviews mit chronisch erkrankten jungen Erwachsenen (Epilepsie und Diabetes mellitus Typ 1) geführt und anhand der dokumentarischen Methode typenbildend analysiert. Der rekonstruktive Forschungsansatz ermöglicht sowohl die Einbindung lebensweltspezifischer Perspektiven als auch die interdisziplinäre Verzahnung gesundheitswissenschaftlicher und berufspädagogischer Forschungsansätze.

Ergebnisse und Schlussfolgerung
Für ausbildungs- und berufsbezogene Kontexte lassen sich vier Performanzformen als Ausdruck von Gesundheitskompetenz differenzieren. Darüber hinaus wurden Faktoren abgeleitet, die als Gelingensbedingungen auf individueller und struktureller Ebene fungieren. Diese können wiederum zum Anlass genommen werden, um berufsbildende Settings entsprechend gesundheitskompetenzförderlich zu gestalten.
Monetary rewards and hierarchy level as drivers of employees’ self-evaluations
Authors: Grund Christian , Soboll Alexandra 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We explore the relation between job characteristics and employees’ self-evaluations of performance in comparison to their colleagues’ performance. Using unique individual panel data from ten large firms in Germany’s chemical industry, we focus on monetary rewards (wage increases and bonus payments) and the level of the hierarchy as well as interactions with gender and tenure as possible drivers of self-evaluations. Our results hint for a positive relation of both monetary rewards and hierarchy level with self-evaluations. We find less evidence for our hypotheses regarding interaction effects of gender and tenure.
Ageing in Place: Older People Identify Barriers to Remaining in Low-Density Areas
Authors: Nossa Paulo , Pereira Sofia Vale , Lima Margarida , Vieira Cristina C. , Mota-Pinto Anabela 
Published: May 2024

AbstractStudies involving older people as co-investigators are limited in Portugal. The main objectives of this article are: (I) Analyze the barriers identified by older people living in low-density territories that pose a challenge to ageing in place. (ii) Understand the co-research methodology as an appropriate instrument for increasing the participatory capacity of older people and improving the conditions for ageing in place. (iii) Assess the role of social networks and community support in providing informal assistance to older people in low-density territories. The study involved 14 co-researchers, who had a balanced gender representation and an average age of 64.5 years. All the co-researchers were residents of the study location and volunteered for the research. They were provided training in interview techniques and active listening, prior to the study. A total of three interviews and 23 photographs were analyzed and discussed in five focus group meetings. The participants agreed upon four types of unmet needs and developed proposals to increase their negotiating power, thereby mitigating barriers to their permanence. The co-researchers presented their proposals at two public meetings with decision-makers, managers, and members of the municipal council. The findings were a significant addition to the promotion of the co-research approach and the engagement of older adults in detecting the obstacles that hinder their secure and independent aging in their living environment.
Sponge-associated microbes in the twilight zone of Curaçao
Authors: Cleary D. F. R. , van Bendegom D. J. , Gomes N. C. M. , de Voogd N. J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMesophotic reefs, located in the "Twilight Zone" of the ocean, are coral reefs that exist in relatively deep waters ranging from approximately 30 to 150 m below the surface. These reefs are situated just beyond the reach of conventional SCUBA diving and are typically explored using advanced diving techniques or with the aid of submersibles. In the present study, we used a state-of-the-art submersible to sample 26 sponge specimens belonging to 11 species. High (HMA) or low (LMA) microbial abundance status was assigned to species based on TEM imagery. Prokaryotic communities associated with these sponges were, furthermore, assessed using high-throughput sequencing. Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Actinobacteriota, and Acidobacteriota were the most abundant phyla overall. HMA/LMA status proved to be a highly significant predictor of prokaryotic composition. HMA sponges also tended to be more diverse in terms of richness and evenness than LMA sponges. 14 predictor-classes were identified using an exploratory technique based on machine learning including classes within the phyla Chloroflexi (e.g., Dehalococcoidia and JG30-KF-CM66) and Acidobacteriota (Thermoanaerobaculia and Subgroups 11 and 21). Previous studies have demonstrated the prevalence of the HMA/LMA dichotomy in shallow waters and, recently, the deep sea. Our results demonstrate its prevalence in the mesophotic realm.
Creature Features: Character Production and Failed Explanations in Fiction, Folklore, and Theorizing
Authors: Tillman Chris , Spencer Joshua 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Fictional realism is the view that creatures of fiction exist. Mythical realism is the view that creatures of myth and mistaken theories exist. Call the combined view “Ecumenical Realism.” We critically evaluate three arguments for Ecumenical Realism and argue they are unsound because fictional storytelling differs from mistaken theorizing in important ways. We think these considerations support a more conservative view, “Sectarian Realism,” which results from subtracting “creatures of mistaken theorizing” from Ecumenical Realism. We close by considering an important challenge to Sectarian Realism involving immigrants in fiction.
CompLaw: A Coding Protocol and Database for the Comparative Study of Judicial Review
Authors: Gabel Matthew , Carrubba Clifford J. , Helmke Gretchen , Martin Andrew D. , Staton Jeffrey K. , Ward Dalston , Ziegler Jeffrey 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA growing theoretical literature identifies how the process of constitutional review shapes judicial decision-making, legislative behavior, and even the constitutionality of legislation and executive actions. However, the empirical interrogation of these theoretical arguments is limited by the absence of a common protocol for coding constitutional review decisions across courts and time. We introduce such a coding protocol and database (CompLaw) of rulings by 42 constitutional courts. To illustrate the value of CompLaw, we examine a heretofore untested empirical implication about how review timing relates to rulings of unconstitutionality (Ward and Gabel 2019). First, we conduct a nuanced analysis of rulings by the French Constitutional Council over a 13-year period. We then examine the relationship between review timing and strike rates with a set of national constitutional courts in one year. Our data analysis highlights the benefits and flexibility of the CompLaw coding protocol for scholars of judicial review.
(Almost) complete characterization of the stability of a discrete-time Hawkes process with inhibition and memory of length two
Authors: Costa Manon , Maillard Pascal , Muraro Anthony 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe consider a Poisson autoregressive process whose parameters depend on the past of the trajectory. We allow these parameters to take negative values, modelling inhibition. More precisely, the model is the stochastic process
$(X_n)_{n\ge0}$
with parameters
$a_1,\ldots,a_p \in \mathbb{R}$
,
$p\in\mathbb{N}$
, and
$\lambda \ge 0$
, such that, for all
$n\ge p$
, conditioned on
$X_0,\ldots,X_{n-1}$
,
$X_n$
is Poisson distributed with parameter
$(a_1 X_{n-1} + \cdots + a_p X_{n-p} + \lambda)_+$
. This process can be regarded as a discrete-time Hawkes process with inhibition and a memory of length p. In this paper we initiate the study of necessary and sufficient conditions of stability for these processes, which seems to be a hard problem in general. We consider specifically the case
$p = 2$
, for which we are able to classify the asymptotic behavior of the process for the whole range of parameters, except for boundary cases. In particular, we show that the process remains stochastically bounded whenever the solution to the linear recurrence equation
$x_n = a_1x_{n-1} + a_2x_{n-2} + \lambda$
remains bounded, but the converse is not true. Furthermore, the criterion for stochastic boundedness is not symmetric in
$a_1$
and
$a_2$
, in contrast to the case of non-negative parameters, illustrating the complex effects of inhibition.
Maize Landscapes in Indigenous Literatures: Toward Alternative Cartographic Imaginaries
Authors: Pigott Charles M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe twentieth and twenty-first centuries have witnessed a literary revival in the Indigenous languages of the region known canonically as “Latin America.” Across this varied corpus, a major theme is the cultural significance of maize. This article compares the depiction of maize in four bilingual poems, each written in a different Indigenous language alongside Spanish: Nahuatl (Ethel Xochitiotzin Pérez), Yucatec Maya (María Dolores Dzul Barboza), Central Quechua (César Vargas Arce), and Southern Quechua (Emilio Corrales). Through close textual analysis and by recourse to theoretical perspectives such as “literary cartography,” the “textual continuum,” “deep mapping,” and “trans-indigeneity,” the article argues that each poem communicates culturally specific ways of understanding geography that, when set in dialogue, challenge hegemonic definitions of the Western Hemisphere such as North, South, or Latin “America.” Rather, the poems in combination weave an interconnected yet multiperspectival cartographic tapestry with maize as the common thread.
Moving to continuous classifications of bilingualism through machine learning trained on language production
Authors: Coco M. I. , Smith G. , Spelorzi R. , Garraffa M. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Recent conceptualisations of bilingualism are moving away from strict categorisations, towards continuous approaches. This study supports this trend by combining empirical psycholinguistics data with machine learning classification modelling. Support vector classifiers were trained on two datasets of coded productions by Italian speakers to predict the class they belonged to (“monolingual”, “attriters” and “heritage”). All classes can be predicted above chance (>33%), even if the classifier's performance substantially varies, with monolinguals identified much better (f-score >70%) than attriters (f-score <50%), which are instead the most confusable class. Further analyses of the classification errors expressed in the confusion matrices qualify that attriters are identified as heritage speakers nearly as often as they are correctly classified. Cluster clitics are the most identifying features for the classification performance. Overall, this study supports a conceptualisation of bilingualism as a continuum of linguistic behaviours rather than sets of a priori established classes.