bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In Vitro Bioactivities and In Silico ADME Profile for Potential Biological Target Prediction of Selected Phytochemicals Using Six Nepeta Species
Authors: Yenigun Semiha , Basar Yunus , Gül Fatih , Ipek Yasar , Gok Mesut , Behcet Lutfi , Ozen Tevfik , Demirtas Ibrahim 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSeveral Nepeta species, used in traditional uses, represent sources of valuable phytochemical composition, as well as in vitro biological and in silico clinical activities. In the present study, the antioxidant and DNA protective properties of methanol: chloroform (1 : 1) extracts of six Nepeta species were evaluated by comparison with standards. In HPLC‐MS/MS analysis, the main components of the extracts were identified as rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, shikimic acid, and scutellarin. In the GC‐FID analysis, the highest components were palmitate and cis‐11‐eicosenoic acid. N. aristata has the greatest total phenol and flavonoid contents. N. baytopii, N. aristata, N. italica, N. stenantha, and N. nuda exhibited the highest antioxidant activities. The N. nuda, N. aristata, N. italica, and N. trachonitica extracts were shown to have the most potent DNA protection activity. According to the result of the GC‐FID and HPLC‐MS/MS analysis of Nepeta extracts, ADMET studies of the main components of the extracts were performed. It was evaluated that palmitic acid had BBB permeability, but oleic acid was toxic. The in vitro and in silico results confirmed that Nepeta L. extracts are potential natural products.
Revealing the Optimization Route of Piezoelectric Sonosensitizers: From Mechanism to Engineering Methods
Authors: Zang Pengyu , Yu Chenghao , Zhang Rui , Yang Dan , Gai Shili , Yang Piaoping , Lin Jun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPiezoelectric catalysis is a novel catalytic technology that has developed rapidly in recent years and has attracted extensive interest among researchers in the field of tumor therapy for its acoustic‐sensitizing properties. Nevertheless, researchers are still controversial about the key technical difficulties in the modulation of piezoelectric sonosensitizers for tumor therapy applications, which is undoubtedly a major obstacle to the performance modulation of piezoelectric sonosensitizers. Clarification of this challenge will be beneficial to the design and optimization of piezoelectric sonosensitizers in the future. Here, the authors start from the mechanism of piezoelectric catalysis and elaborate the mechanism and methods of defect engineering and phase engineering for the performance modulation of piezoelectric sonosensitizers based on the energy band theory. The combined therapeutic strategy of piezoelectric sonosensitizers with enzyme catalysis and immunotherapy is introduced. Finally, the challenges and prospects of piezoelectric sonosensitizers are highlighted. Hopefully, the explorations can guide researchers toward the optimization of piezoelectric sonosensitizers and can be applied in their own research.
Mapping municipal food supply: A longitudinal‐spatial case study in Southern Germany
Authors: Mager Elena , Ritter Martin , Sipple David , Schanz Heiner 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGerman food supply structures show heavy market concentration, which is often framed as a result of economies of scale and scope, individual purchasing behavior, and restrictive EU regulations. However, it remains open how these general developments influenced local food economies and their supply structures of end consumers in small–medium sized municipalities. This paper explores the evolution of local food supply structures on the spatial and temporal scale by mapping food‐supplying businesses in two typical cases, Leutkirch im Allgäu and Waldkirch im Breisgau. The comparative study shows how business‐to‐consumer structures such as food service, retail, and artisanal food processing have developed in terms of numbers of businesses, composition, and spatial distribution. Results show a sharp decline in the diversity and number of enterprises in small and medium‐sized towns. There has also been a shift of enterprises from the city center to the outskirts, for example, in the food service sector. The analysis reveals dynamics that result from a complex interplay of socioeconomic, technological, and local factors. The findings could prove particularly useful for the development of local food policies, strategies, and/or governance aiming at sustainable local food systems and could therefore have implications for their focus.
A scoping review on the use of reflection and reflective portfolio learning in veterinary education
Authors: Jones Andrea , Cobb Kate , England Gary 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionIn veterinary education, reflection and reflective portfolio learning aim to enhance professional development. Although reflection and reflective portfolio learning are widely used in teaching and healthcare, their demonstrable impact on veterinary education is unclear. Although the benefits are uncertain, reflection may provide potential for self‐development and help to prepare students for clinical practice. The aim of this work was to review research into reflective practice and reflective portfolio learning, to find evidence for its use in teaching, to confirm how it is best implemented to optimise professional development and to identify gaps for future research.MethodsThis scoping review was conducted according to the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines adhering to review methodology. Ten databases were searched and screened for reflection and portfolio learning as a primary source of data. Of 29,933 texts identified by title and/or abstract, 51 final works were screened in full. Of these, 16 papers that gathered evidence on reflection were included.ResultsThe results confirmed a growing evidence base for reflection in the veterinary field. In total, six works demonstrated a positive impact on professional development. Written reflective assignments were the most common methods of implementation, with 11 papers referencing their use. Other methods included group discussion and facilitated reflection.ConclusionsThis review identified numerous gaps for research, including validating the methods of implementation, exploring the efficacy of methods other than written reflection, examining how reflection is used at different stages of the veterinary career and study of different models of reflection to identify which are most useful.
Carrollian amplitudes and celestial symmetries
Authors: Mason Lionel , Ruzziconi Romain , Srikant Akshay Yelleshpur 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Carrollian holography aims to express gravity in four-dimensional asymptotically flat spacetime in terms of a dual three-dimensional Carrollian CFT living at null infinity. Carrollian amplitudes are massless scattering amplitudes written in terms of asymptotic or null data at $$ \mathcal{I} $$
I
. These position space amplitudes at $$ \mathcal{I} $$
I
are to be re-interpreted as correlation functions in the putative dual Carrollian CFT. We derive basic results concerning tree-level Carrollian amplitudes yielding dynamical constraints on the holographic dual. We obtain surprisingly compact expressions for n-point MHV gluon and graviton amplitudes in position space at $$ \mathcal{I} $$
I
. We discuss the UV/IR behaviours of Carrollian amplitudes and investigate their collinear limit, which allows us to define a notion of Carrollian OPE. By smearing the OPE along the generators of null infinity, we obtain the action of the celestial symmetries — namely, the S algebra for Yang-Mills theory and Lw1+∞ for gravity — on the Carrollian operators. As a consistency check, we systematically relate our results with celestial amplitudes using the link between the two approaches. Finally, we initiate a direct connection between twistor space and Carrollian amplitudes.
Temporal entanglement entropy as a probe of renormalization group flow
Authors: Grieninger Sebastian , Ikeda Kazuki , Kharzeev Dmitri E. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The recently introduced concept of timelike entanglement entropy has sparked a lot of interest. Unlike the traditional spacelike entanglement entropy, timelike entanglement entropy involves tracing over a timelike subsystem. In this work, we propose an extension of timelike entanglement entropy to Euclidean space (“temporal entanglement entropy”), and relate it to the renormalization group (RG) flow. Specifically, we show that tracing over a period of Euclidean time corresponds to coarse-graining the system and can be connected to momentum space entanglement. We employ Holography, a framework naturally embedding RG flow, to illustrate our proposal. Within cutoff holography, we establish a direct link between the UV cutoff and the smallest resolvable time interval within the effective theory through the irrelevant $$T\overline{T }$$ deformation. Increasing the UV cutoff results in an enhanced capability to resolve finer time intervals, while reducing it has the opposite effect. Moreover, we show that tracing over a larger Euclidean time interval is formally equivalent to integrating out more UV degrees of freedom (or lowering the temperature). As an application, we point out that the temporal entanglement entropy can detect the critical Lifshitz exponent z in non-relativistic theories which is not accessible from spatial entanglement at zero temperature and density.
Extraction of unpolarized transverse momentum distributions from the fit of Drell-Yan data at N4LL
Authors: Moos Valentin , Scimemi Ignazio , Vladimirov Alexey , Zurita Pia 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We present an extraction of unpolarized transverse momentum dependent parton distributions functions (TMDPDFs) and Collins-Soper kernel from the fit of Drell-Yan and weak-vector boson production data. The TMDPDF are parameterized, as commonly done, using their (large transverse momentum) asymptotic matching to PDF. The analysis is done at the next-to-next-to-next-to-next-to leading logarithmic accuracy (N4LL) (performed only approximately because PDF evolution is known so far at next-to-next-to leading order (NNLO)). The non-perturbative model used for TMDPDF is flavor dependent to reduce the colllinear PDF bias. The estimation of uncertainties is done with the replica method and, for the first time, it includes the propagation of uncertainties due to the collinear distributions.
Attractive (s)axions: cosmological trackers at the boundary of moduli space
Authors: Revello Filippo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We study the cosmological evolution of a FLRW universe dominated by the energy density of moduli close to asymptotic regions of moduli space. Due to the structure of the $$\mathcal{N}$$ = 1 SUGRA kinetic term, a saxion and an axion residing in the same chiral multiplet are (universally) coupled even if the latter is a flat direction of the potential, resulting in non-trivial dynamics. We generalise known results in the literature to the case of multiple moduli, showing the existence of various “tracker” attractor solutions where the relative energy densities of many components (axions included) stay in a fixed ratio throughout the evolution. We conclude with some phenomenological applications, relevant for both the early and late universe.
3-point function of currents for holographic cosmology and monopole non-Gaussianities
Authors: Cravo Matheus , Nastase Horatiu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this paper we present the calculation of the three-point function in momentum space of currents for a SO(3) global symmetry, in a three-dimensional toy model within phenomenological holographic cosmology. Since the two-point function gives, via electric-magnetic duality, the resolution of the cosmological monopole problem, the three-point function is related to the monopole non-Gaussianities. We check that the final result is UV and IR finite and satisfies the transverse Ward identities and consider the k1 ≪ k2, k3 case, relevant for cosmology. We also show that the two-loop result for the 3-point function is completely independent of the explicit form of the potential, meaning that, like the solution to the monopole problem, also the non-Gaussianities are universal within the phenomenological holographic cosmology.
Born-Infeld supermaze waves
Authors: Bena Iosif , Dulac Raphaël 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The entropy of the supersymmetric D2-D4-P black hole comes at weak coupling from D2-brane strips stretched between parallel D4 branes and carrying momentum waves. We use the DBI action of D4 branes to construct two pieces of plumbing that enter in the construction of these microstates. The first is a semi-infinite D2 brane ending on a D4 brane and carrying a momentum wave along the common D2-D4 direction. The second is a non-Abelian solution to the 5D maximally-supersymmetric SU(2) Super-Yang-Mills theory describing a momentum-carrying D2 strip stretched between two D4 branes. The solution without momentum is the same as the ’t Hooft-Polyakov monopole, and the fields that carry the momentum can be added without changing any of the fields of the monopole.
Use of direct-acting anticoagulants (DOACs) delays surgery and is associated with increased mortality in hip fracture patients
Authors: Sundet Mads , Sundin Ulf , Godø Aasmund , Sydnes Kristian , Valland Haldor , Sexton Joseph , Martinsen Mette , Paus Maren , Rasmussen Hans Schmidt , Lillegraven Siri 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Treatment with direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) is increasing among hip-fracture patients, with accompanying safety concerns regarding spinal anesthesia (SA). The aim of this study was to investigate if DOAC use is associated with increased waiting time before surgery, increased mortality, or other adverse events.

Methods
Registry data on surgically treated hip-fracture cases at a single hospital between 2015 and 2021 were analyzed. Multivariable regression analyses were performed with DOAC-status and choice of anesthesia as exposures, and waiting time, length of stay, transfusion, and mortality as outcomes.

Results
2885 cases were included, 467 patients (16%) were using DOACs. DOAC users were older (86.3 vs. 82.2 years, p < 0.001), had a higher Charlson Comorbidity Index (2.1 vs. 1.5, p < 0.001) and had longer median time to surgery than non-DOAC cases (36 h vs 17 h, p < 0.001). General anesthesia (GA) was used in 19.3% of DOAC patients and in 3.0% of non-DOAC patients. DOAC-patients had an increased risk of one-month mortality (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) 1.6 (1.1–2.3)) and one-year mortality (AOR 1.4 (1.1–1.8)). There were no differences in risk of blood transfusion. Patients on DOAC operated under GA had a lower risk of one-year mortality (AOR 0.5 (0.3–0.9)), but a similar one-month mortality to DOAC-patients operated under SA.

Conclusion
DOAC users had a longer waiting time to surgery, indicating postponement of surgery due to concerns of the safety of SA. The clinical practice should be changed to allow earlier surgery for DOAC patients.
Strong Well-Posedness of the Q-Tensor Model for Liquid Crystals: The Case of Arbitrary Ratio of Tumbling and Aligning Effects $$\xi $$
Authors: Hieber Matthias , Hussein Amru , Wrona Marc 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe Beris–Edwards model of nematic liquid crystals couples an equation for the molecular orientation described by the Q-tensor with a Navier–Stokes type equation with an additional non-Newtonian stress caused by the molecular orientation. Both equations contain a parameter $$\xi \in \mathbb {R}$$

ξ
∈
R

measuring the ratio of tumbling and alignment effects. Previous well-posedness results largely vary on the space dimension n and the constraints of the parameter $$\xi \in \mathbb {R}$$

ξ
∈
R

. This work addresses strong well-posedness of this model, first locally and then globally for small initial data, both in the $$L^p$$

L
p

-$$L^2$$

L
2

-setting for $$p > \frac{4}{4-n}$$

p
>

4

4
-
n

, in the general cases, i.e., for $$n = 2, 3$$

n
=
2
,
3

and without any restriction on $$\xi $$
ξ
. The approach is based on methods from quasilinear equations and the fact that the associated linearized operator admits maximal $$L^p$$

L
p

-$$L^2$$

L
2

-regularity. The proof of the latter property relies on techniques from sectorial operators, Schur complements and $$\mathcal {J}$$
J
-symmetry.
Chemoradiotherapy versus surgery after neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in patients with stage III NSCLC: a real-world multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Guan Song , Sun Jifeng , Wang Yuan , Han Sibei , Chen Chen , Yue Dongsheng , Huang Yubei , Ren Kai , Wang Jun , Wang Jun , Zhao Lujun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The optimal treatment after neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy for patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is unclear. This study aimed at comparing the efficacy and safety of chemoradiotherapy and surgery after neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in stage III NSCLC.

Materials and methods
We conducted a real-world multicenter retrospective study on patients with stage III NSCLC who received surgery or chemoradiotherapy after neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy between October 2018 and December 2022. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were assessed from the initiation of neoadjuvant treatment and estimated by the Kaplan‒Meier method. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were used to examine potential prognostic factors. One-to-one propensity score matching (PSM) was used to further minimize confounding.

Results
A total of 239 eligible patients were enrolled, with 104 (43.5%) receiving surgery and 135 (56.5%) receiving CRT. After 1:1 PSM, 1- and 2-year PFS rates in patients receiving radical surgery (rSurgery group) vs. patients receiving definitive cCRT (dCCRT group) were 80.0% vs. 79.2% and 67.2% vs. 53.1%, respectively (P = 0.774). One- and 2-year OS rates were 97.5% vs. 97.4% and 87.3% vs. 89.9%, respectively (P = 0.558). Patients in the dCCRT group had a numerically lower incidence of distant metastases compared to those in the rSurgery group (42.9% vs. 70.6%, P = 0.119). The incidence of treatment-related adverse events was similar in both groups, except that the incidence of grade 3/4 hematological toxicity was significantly higher in the dCCRT group (30.0% vs. 10.0%, P = 0.025).

Conclusion
Following neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy, definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy may achieve noninferior outcomes to radical surgery in stage III NSCLC.
Overexpressing S100A9 ameliorates NK cell dysfunction in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer
Authors: Liu Yansong , Li Mingcui , Fang Zhengbo , Gao Shan , Cheng Weilun , Duan Yunqiang , Wang Xuelian , Feng Jianyuan , Yu Tianshui , Zhang Jiarui , Wang Ting , Hu Anbang , Zhang Hanyu , Rong Zhiyuan , Shakila Suborna S. , Shang Yuhang , Kong Fanjing , Liu Jiangwei , Li Yanling , Ma Fei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Estrogen receptor (ER) positive human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) negative breast cancer (ER+/HER2−BC) and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) are two distinct breast cancer molecular subtypes, especially in tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). The TIME of TNBC is considered to be more inflammatory than that of ER+/HER2−BC. Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes that play an important role of tumor eradication in TME. However, studies focusing on the different cell states of NK cells in breast cancer subtypes are still inadequate.

Methods
In this study, single-cell mRNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and bulk mRNA sequencing data from ER+/HER2−BC and TNBC were analyzed. Key regulator of NK cell suppression in ER+/HER2−BC, S100A9, was quantified by qPCR and ELISA in MCF-7, T47D, MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. The prognosis predictability of S100A9 and NK activation markers was evaluated by Kaplan–Meier analyses using TCGA-BRAC data. The phenotype changes of NK cells in ER+/HER2−BC after overexpressing S100A9 in cancer cells were evaluated by the production levels of IFN-gamma, perforin and granzyme B and cytotoxicity assay.

Results
By analyzing scRNA-seq data, we found that multiple genes involved in cellular stress response were upregulated in ER+/HER2−BC compared with TNBC. Moreover, TLR regulation pathway was significantly enriched using differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from comparing the transcriptome data of ER+/HER2−BC and TNBC cancer cells, and NK cell infiltration high/low groups. Among the DEGs, S100A9 was identified as a key regulator. Patients with higher expression levels of S100A9 and NK cell activation markers had better overall survival. Furthermore, we proved that overexpression of S100A9 in ER+/HER2-cells could improve cocultured NK cell function.

Conclusion
In conclusion, the study we presented demonstrated that NK cells in ER+/HER2−BC were hypofunctional, and S100A9 was an important regulator of NK cell function in ER+BC. Our work contributes to elucidate the regulatory networks between cancer cells and NK cells and may provide theoretical basis for novel drug development.
Combined treatment of All-trans retinoic acid with Tamoxifen suppresses ovarian cancer
Authors: Xu Rui , Yang Xiaowen , Tang Bin , Mao Yifan , Jiang Feiyun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Ovarian cancer is a malignant tumor of the female reproductive system, and its mortality rate is as high as 70%. Estrogen receptor α (ERα)-positive ovarian cancer accounted for most of all ovarian cancer patients. ERα can promote the growth and proliferation of tumors.

Methods
The combined effect of All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and tamoxifen was obtained by the combination screening of tamoxifen and compound library by MTS. In addition, colony formation assay, flow cytometry analysis, immunofluorescence staining, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), western blot, and tumor xenotransplantation models were used to further evaluate the efficacy of tamoxifen and ATRA in vitro and in vivo for ER-α-positive ovarian cancer.

Results
In our study, we found that All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) can cooperate with tamoxifen to cause cell cycle arrest and apoptosis and inhibit ERα-positive ovarian cancer in vivo and in vitro. Further exploration of the mechanism found that ATRA can Inhibit genes related to the ERα signaling pathway, enhance the sensitivity of ERα-positive ovarian cancer cells to tamoxifen, and ascertain the effectiveness of tamoxifen and ATRA as treatments for ovarian cancer with an ERα-positive status.

Conclusion
Combination of ATRA and tamoxifen is a new way for the treatment of ERα-positive ovarian cancer.