bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How effective are mobile apps in managing people with type 2 diabetes mellitus? A systematic literature review protocol
Authors: Taramasco Carla , Rimassa Carla , Lagos Garrido María Elena , Figueroa Rosa L. 
Published: April 2024

Introduction
The rise of new technologies in the field of health is yielding promising results. In certain chronic conditions such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, which ranks among the top five causes of global mortality, it could be useful in supporting patient management.

Materials and methods
A systematic review will be conducted on scientific publications from the last 5 years (January 2019 to October 2023) to describe the effect of mobile app usage on glycated hemoglobin for the management of adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who participated in randomized controlled clinical trials. The search will be carried out in the databases of MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), CENTRAL, WoS, Scopus, Epistemonikos, and LILACS. The search strategy will be constructed using both controlled and natural language. Additionally, the Cochrane filter will be applied to identify randomized controlled trials. The review will include scientific articles reporting studies that present results from randomized controlled trials, with texts in Spanish, English, or French, utilizing mobile applications for the management of adult individuals (over 18 years) with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and whose outcomes report the effects on glycated hemoglobin. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool will be used to assess the quality of the studies, and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology will be implemented to evaluate the certainty of the evidence.

Results
The analysis will be conducted by observing the value of the glycated hemoglobin levels of the participants. Given that this data is a quantitative and continuous value, it facilitates the identification of the effects of the mobile applications used for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in adults. Furthermore, if sufficient data are available, a meta-analysis will be conducted using IBM-SPSS. The effect of the intervention will be estimated by the mean difference. All point estimates will be accompanied by 95% confidence intervals. A random effects model will be used. The heterogeneity of the results will be assessed using Cochrane’s Q and I2 statistics.

Discussion
Considering that the quality of content and functionality of certain applications in the healthcare field is highly variable, it is necessary to evaluate the scientific evidence reported on the effect of the use of this type of technology in people with T2DM.
Self-esteem and body image satisfaction in women with PCOS in the Middle East: Cross-sectional social media study
Authors: Alkheyr Zainab , Murad Mariam , Das Priya , Aljenaee Khaled , Kamel Charlotte , Hajji Sulaiman Ali , Flood John , Atkin Stephen L. , Ali Khawla F. 
Published: April 2024

Background
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of childbearing age, associated with increased incidence of emotional disorders, anxiety and depression.

Objective
The aim was of this study was to investigate whether those women reporting PCOS differed to women without PCOS in measures of psychological well-being including body-image satisfaction and self-esteem across a Middle Eastern population.

Materials and methods
An online survey link of 21 questions was shared and distributed across social media platforms (Instagram and WhatsApp). The main outcome measured was levels of self-esteem and body image satisfaction in association with symptoms experienced by the participants.

Results
12,199 female subjects completed the survey of whom 3,329 respondents (27.3%) self-reported a diagnosis of PCOS. PCOS respondents felt less attractive compared to non-PCOS respondents (73.9% vs 80.5%, p<0.0001). More respondents with PCOS reported avoidance of their reflection in the mirror (61.7% vs 49.8%, p<0.001) and avoidance of social interactions (22.3% vs 32.3%, p<0.0001). More PCOS respondents wanted to lose weight (75.2% vs 68.5%, p<0.001) with increasing weight being associated with being less attractive (p<0.001). Fewer PCOS respondents felt satisfied/confident compared non-PCOS respondents (38.6% vs 50.7%, p<0.001).

Conclusion
PCOS respondents reported significantly lower measures of self-esteem and body image satisfaction compared to non-PCOS respondents in this population.
Improved Adenoma Detection Rate Using a Novel Colonoscopic Distal Attachment: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Guo Rui , Wang Jingzhai , Min Li , Dong Ningning , Zhang Li , Song Ruyun , Zhang Yang , Zhang Qian , Zhai Huihong , Li Peng , Zhang Shutian 
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION:
To evaluate the effect of Embrella, a novel-designed colonoscopic distal attachment, on adenoma detection rate (ADR) and adenoma per colonoscopy (APC), compared with standard colonoscopy in routine practice.

METHODS:
All consecutive participants who underwent routine colonoscopic examinations at 3 endoscopy centers in China were enrolled. Participants were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to the Embrella-assisted colonoscopy (EAC) or standard colonoscopy (SC) groups. ADR, APC, inspection time, pain scores, and adverse events were recorded.

RESULTS:
Overall, 1,179 participants were randomized into the EAC (n = 593) and SC groups (n = 586). EAC increased the overall ADR from 24.6% to 34.2% (P < 0.001) and improved APC from 0.44 to 0.64 (P = 0.002). Subgroup analyses indicated that EAC significantly improved ADR for adenomas < 10 mm (13.8% vs 8.5%, P = 0.004 for 5–9 mm and 27.0% vs 17.2%, P < 0.001 for < 5 mm), nonpedunculated adenomas (26.6% vs 18.8%, P < 0.001), and adenomas in the transverse (10.8% vs 6.1%, P = 0.004) and left colon (21.6% vs 13.7%, P < 0.001). APC in the subgroup analyses was consistent with ADR. The mean inspection time was shorter with EAC (6.52 vs 6.68 minutes, P = 0.046), with no significant impact on participants' pain scores (P = 0.377). Moreover, no EAC-related adverse events occurred.

DISCUSSION:
EAC significantly increased ADR and APC compared with SC, particularly for adenomas <10 mm, nonpedunculated adenomas, and adenomas in the transverse and left colon.
Machine Learning-Based Prediction Models for Clostridioides difficile Infection: A Systematic Review
Authors: Tariq Raseen , Malik Sheza , Redij Renisha , Arunachalam Shivaram , Faubion William A. , Khanna Sahil 
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION:
Despite research efforts, predicting Clostridioides difficile incidence and its outcomes remains challenging. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the performance of machine learning (ML) models in predicting C. difficile infection (CDI) incidence and complications using clinical data from electronic health records.

METHODS:
We conducted a comprehensive search of databases (OVID, Embase, MEDLINE ALL, Web of Science, and Scopus) from inception up to September 2023. Studies employing ML techniques for predicting CDI or its complications were included. The primary outcome was the type and performance of ML models assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve.

RESULTS:
Twelve retrospective studies that evaluated CDI incidence and/or outcomes were included. The most commonly used ML models were random forest and gradient boosting. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve ranged from 0.60 to 0.81 for predicting CDI incidence, 0.59 to 0.80 for recurrence, and 0.64 to 0.88 for predicting complications. Advanced ML models demonstrated similar performance to traditional logistic regression. However, there was notable heterogeneity in defining CDI and the different outcomes, including incidence, recurrence, and complications, and a lack of external validation in most studies.

DISCUSSION:
ML models show promise in predicting CDI incidence and outcomes. However, the observed heterogeneity in CDI definitions and the lack of real-world validation highlight challenges in clinical implementation. Future research should focus on external validation and the use of standardized definitions across studies.
Just go green
Authors: Ali Saqib , Degan Mohammed , Omar Abdullah , Mohammad Aram Jawhar 
Published: April 2024

Goal: This study explores the connection between green innovation components and the competitive advantage of the manufacturing sector in China through the mediating role of green organizational culture and the moderating role of access to finance.
Methodology: A self-administered survey with 310 respondents was used to collect data from the industrial sector. Data were examined using SmartPLS, and a bootstrapping method was used.
Results: The findings demonstrated that the suggested moderated mediation model was accepted because the associations between the constructs were statistically significant. The mediating effect of green organizational culture and the moderating effect of access to finance were performed. The results showed that the proposed moderated mediation model was accepted because the relationships between the constructs were statistically significant. The results of the data analysis supported a positive relationship between green innovation and competitive advantage as well as a mediating effect of green organizational culture.
Limitations: The study is limited to the Chinese economy; hence future studies can replicate these results on developing and developed economies. Furthermore, large sample size, different industrial sector and more advance analysis techniques can also be used in future studies.
Practical Implications: The study has practical implication of green innovation and green organizational culture in enhancing competitive advantage in the Chinese manufacturing sector, considering access to finance.
Originality / Value: This study contributes to the current vain of literature by examining the noval connection between competitive advantage and green innovation components of manufacturing sector in China through the mediating role of green organizational culture and the moderating role of access to finance.
Assimilation: How Post-9/11 Government Tactics Have Hindered Muslims From Socioeconomic Integration
Authors: Mostofa Tahsin 
Published: April 2024

The devastating attacks of 9/11 left life-changing impacts on how the world viewed national security. The United States, at its epicenter, formally overhauled its government strategies and approaches in assured attempts to prevent such occurrences ever again. Thus, the establishment of the Department of Homeland Security and the implementation of policies reflected new behaviors towards individuals from certain religious or geographic background. While successfully eliminating the recurrence of terrorist attacks of such scale, these extreme approaches vociferosly affected the United States’ Muslim population —many whom have immigrated in pursuit of the ‘American Dream’— from integrating into society.
This paper seeks to establish that post-9/11 policies have perpetuated anti-Muslim bias in the minds of the American people, thus impacting the Muslim population’s ability to integrate into society: measured by sections of Milton Gordon’s assimilation theory. Muslim-Americans are vulnerable to unjust constraints or responsibility for the extremist few, all by a governing body established to serve the interests of all its citizens. Studying the extent these tactics have affected Muslim-Americans highlight limitations of the justice system and reveal calls to action where adequate support should be given. Publicly isolating people ties a negative connotation to their existence, which can cause wider society to disassociate themselves from isolated individuals.
The role of BMI, serum lipid profile molecules and their derivative indexes in colorectal polyps
Authors: Huang Chunyu , Liang Weipeng , Sun Yuying 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To investigate the role of body mass index (BMI), serum lipid profile molecules and their derivative indexes in colorectal polyps.

Methods
A total of 352 individuals who underwent colonoscopy at our center were included in this retrospective analysis. Of these, 247 patients without evident abnormalities (control group), while 105 patients diagnosed with colorectal polyps (patient group). Serum lipid profile molecules and their derivative indexes were then compared between the two groups.

Results
The patient group exhibited significantly higher levels of total cholesterol (TC) and apolipoprotein B (ApoB) compared to the control group (p<0.05). In males, the patient group displayed elevated levels of ApoB and ApoB/ApoA1 ratio compared to the control group (p<0.05). Additionally, the triglycerides (TG) and TG/high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) ratios were significantly higher in the multiple polyps group than in the single polyp group (p<0.05). Furthermore, the HDL-C and HDL-C/ApoA1 ratio levels were higher in the adenomatous polyp group when compared to the non-adenomatous polyp group (p<0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that total cholesterol (TC), TG, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), TC/HDL-C ratio, TG/HDL-C ratio and LDL-C/HDL-C ratio were risk factors for the occurrence of colorectal polyps (p<0.05). ROC curve analyses revealed that TC, ApoB, and ApoB/ApoA1 ratio were associated with colorectal polyps. No significant difference in BMI between the two groups (p>0.05).

Conclusions
The incidence and progression of colorectal polyps are linked to serum lipid molecules and their derivative indexes. Dyslipidemia may increase the risk of colorectal polyps, potentially leading to colorectal cancer (CRC).
Study of the phytotoxicity of margines on Pistia stratiotes L.
Authors: Ajdi Mouhcine , Gaga Younes , Assouguem Amine , Kara Mohammed , Benmessaoud Safaa , Ullah Riaz , Ali Essam A. , Skender Azra , Singh Jyoti , Bahhou Jamila 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The olive trituration activity is one of the most important industrial activities in Fez, Morocco. These effluents are highly loaded with organic, inorganic, and phenolic compounds without any preliminary treatment that affects water quality. In this sense, the waters of Oued Fez are deteriorating due to the discharge of wastewater from oil mills and the excessive proliferation of Pistia stratiotes L., an invasive macrophyte that represents a significant stress to the aquatic ecosystem, eutrophication, and a reduction in biodiversity. This ecological situation has prompted us to carry out phytotoxicity bioassays based on the detection of the lethal concentration of P. stratiotes in the wastewater from the olive oil mill to evaluate the sensitivity and tolerance of macrophytes to the different concentrations of total polyphenols (TPP) present in the olive mill wastewater. To estimate their impact on the environment. Fresh whole plants of P. stratiotes were exposed to varying concentrations of olive oil mill wastewater with a series of TPP concentrations (0–30 mg/l) for 1 week in the natural environment. The results also show that P. stratiotes is able to grow rapidly in culture with 20 mg/l of TPP; the highest growth of wet weight of P. stratiotes occurred at 20 mg/l treatment with an average of 13 g wet weight increase. At 0 mg/l, treatment is known to cause very slow growth with an average of 2 g. Olive oil mill wastewater was toxic to the plant at concentrations higher than 30 mg/l, and the phytotoxic effect was manifested by retardation of growth, detachment of roots, wilting, and chlorosis of leaves. This indicates that polyphenols have great potential to inhibit the proliferation of P. stratiotes in aquatic environments.
Corpus linguistics and the social sciences
Authors: McEnery Tony , Brookes Gavin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Corpus linguistics, with its methodological orientation towards the empirical analysis of language based on large text collections, has the potential to offer significant tools for addressing real-world problems across various social science domains, including climate change, criminology, healthcare and policy making. Despite this potential, the integration of corpus linguistics into social science disciplines (beyond linguistics) remains hampered by fundamental differences in epistemology, definitions and methodological approaches. This article explores the relationship between corpus linguistics and the social sciences. It is argued that epistemology, or the theory of knowledge, represents a primary barrier to integration, with much corpus linguistics research aligning with positivist and naturalist epistemologies. By contrast, many social science disciplines embrace more interpretive, conventionalist approaches that account for the dynamic nature of social phenomena. Considering the role of naturalism and conventionalism within both corpus linguistics and the social sciences, this article illustrates how these epistemological stances are likely to influence the acceptance and use of corpus methods in social science research. Despite the challenges, areas of convergence (e.g. shared use of data processing tools and the acknowledgement of the central role of language in social processes) provide opportunities for cross-disciplinary collaboration. As means to bridge the epistemological divide, this article advocates for a critical realist approach and concludes by calling on users of corpus linguistic methods to be reflexive and transparent about their epistemological stances when reporting their research.
An intelligent error correction model for English grammar with hybrid attention mechanism and RNN algorithm
Authors: Chen Shan , Xiao Yingmei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This article proposes an English grammar intelligent error correction model based on the attention mechanism and Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) algorithm. It aims to improve the accuracy and effectiveness of error correction by combining the powerful context-capturing ability of the attention mechanism with the sequential modeling ability of RNN. First, based on the improvement of recurrent neural networks, a bidirectional gated recurrent network is added to form a dual encoder structure. The encoder is responsible for reading and understanding the input text, while the decoder is responsible for generating the corrected text. Second, the attention mechanism is introduced into the decoder to convert the output of the encoder into the attention probability distribution for integration. This allows the model to focus on the relevant input word as it generates each corrected word. The results of the study showed that the model was 2.35% points higher than statistical machine translation–neural machine translation in the CoNLL-2014 test set, and only 1.24 points lower than the human assessment score, almost close to the human assessment level. The model proposed in this study not only created a new way of English grammar error correction based on the attention mechanism and RNN algorithm in theory but also effectively improved the accuracy and efficiency of English grammar error correction in practice. It further provides English learners with higher-quality intelligent error correction tools, which can help them learn and improve their English level more effectively.
Flatness defect control during cold rolling of SUS430 stainless steel
Authors: Sun Wenquan , Li Jinming , Kong Ning , Zhang Jie 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A statics finite element (FE) model as well as a dynamics FE model for Sendzimir mill have been established. It is in order to solve the bilateral wave defect caused by loose edge rolling during the cold rolling process with SUS430 stainless steel strip. The profile and flatness control effects are quantitatively analyzed by adjusting various roll contour configurations such as work roll crown, the second intermediate idler roll crown, the first intermediate roll taper depth and taper length. The coupling relationship between strip edge-drop and flatness under different roll contour configurations has been studied to analyze their effects on flatness defect control. The first intermediate roll taper depth is the most effective way to control edge wave. The first intermediate roll taper depth has been adjusted from 0.4 mm to 0.6 mm in the industrial production line. The overall profile has been improved by 21.5 %. The deviation of residual stress at strip edges has been reduced by 32.9 %. An excellent flatness defect control result has been achieved for the industrial production of SUS430 stainless steel. The present work is responsible for providing a theoretical basis and practical experience for the flatness defect control technology of a Sendzimir mill.
Influence of tool geometry on mechanical and microstructural characteristics of friction stir welded cast alloys
Authors: Bindhushree B. S. , Sevvel P. , Shanmuganatan S. P. , Saravanabavan D. , Madhusudan M. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Cast alloys find suitable applicability in aerospace sector owing to low porosity, high specific strength, corrosion resistance, fluidity and good machinability. The investigation focuses on friction stir welding (FSW) of cast A356 and A2014 alloys with varied range of process parameters, namely tool pin shape (cylinder, threaded cylinder, square, and conical), tool rotation speed (1800–2100 rpm) and welding speed (10–25 mm × min−1). Experimentation on stirwelding was performed based on selected tool pin shape between varied tool rotation and welding speed. The output responses, namely Ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and micro hardness, have been evaluated to study the effect of each tool. The microstructural characteristics of the weld samples were analyzed using optical microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM) technique. The microstructural observation unveiled that complete fusion prevails between the parent alloys devoid of micro porosities and segregations. The re-crystallization effect resulted in the finer grains. The cylinder-shaped tool with a thread and square shaped tool rendered better strength and hardness properties of 136.6 MPa and 109.4 HV, respectively.
The Effects of Boxing Glove Design on Thumb Position When Making a Fist for Striking
Authors: Peveler Willard W. , Schoffstall Jim , Coots John , Kilian Justin , Glauser Jessi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Peveler, WW, Schoffstall, J, Coots, J, Kilian, J, and Glauser, J. The effects of boxing glove design on thumb position when making a fist for striking. J Strength Cond Res 38(5): 948–950, 2024—It has been suggested that boxing glove design alters thumb position increasing the risk of injury. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of boxing glove design on thumb joint angles when making a fist. Ten experienced fighters participated in this study. A DEXA scan was used to produce an x-ray image of thumb position for all conditions (no gloves and 10-oz boxing gloves). Mean values for dependent measures were compared using a paired-sample T test and an alpha of 0.05. The carpometacarpal (CMC) joint angle was significantly different between no glove (14.1 ± 6.54°) and boxing glove (34.2 ± 7.60°) at p ≤ 0.001. The metacarpophalangeal (MP) joint angle was significantly different between no glove (132.6 ± 12.74°) and boxing glove (149.40 ± 8.15°) at p ≤ 0.001. The IP joint angle was not significantly different between no glove (135.50 ± 19.12°) and boxing glove (144.40 ± 17.39°) at p = 0.269. The perpendicular distance from the second metacarpal of the hand to the center of the MP joint was significantly different between no glove (0.48 ± 0.54 cm) and boxing glove (1.84 ± 0.29 cm) at p ≤ 0.001. Use of a boxing glove resulted in abduction of the thumb away from the hand and increased CMC and MP joint angles that were significantly different in relation to making a fist without a glove. Information from this study may provide insight into the high rate of thumb injury and provide insight for future boxing glove design.