bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improvement of Creep Rupture Strength of 9Cr1MoNbV Welded Joints by Post Weld Normalizing and Tempering
Authors: Sato T. , Tamura K. , Mitsuhata K. , Ikura R. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Recent years high strength 9Cr1MoNbV steel developed in USA has been major material in boiler high temperature components with the increase of steam parameters of coal fired thermal power plants. As the microstructure of this steel is tempered martensite, it is known that the softening occurs in HAZ of the weldment. In the creep rupture test of these welded joints the rupture strength is lower than that of the parent metal, and sometimes this reduction of strength is caused by TypelV cracking. To develop an effective method to improve the rupture strength of welded joint, advanced welding procedure and normalizing-tempering heat treatment after weld was proposed. 9Cr1MoNbV plates with thickness of 40-50mm were welded by 10mm width automatic narrow gap MAG welding procedure using specially modified welding material. After normalizing at 1,050°C and tempering at 780°C, material properties of the welded joints were examined. Microstructure of HAZ was improved as before weld, and rupture strength of the welded joints was equal to that of the parent metal. The long term rupture strength of the welded joints was confirmed in the test exceeded 30,000hours. This welding procedure has been applied to seam weld of hot reheat piping and headers in USC boilers successfully.
Simplified Methods for High Temperature Weld Design and Assessment for Steady and Cyclic Loading
Authors: Carter P. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Simplified or reference stress techniques are described and demonstrated for high temperature weld design and life assessment. The objective is the determination of weld life under steady and cyclic loading in boiler headers and piping systems. The analysis deals with the effect of cyclic loading, constraint and multiaxiality in a heterogeneous joint. A common thread that runs through most high temperature weld reports and failure analyses is the existence of a relatively creep-weak zone somewhere in the joint. This paper starts with the assumption that the size and creep strength of this zone are known, in addition to parent metal properties. Life prediction requires an efficient analysis technique (such as the reference stress method), which separates the structural and material problems, and does not require complex constitutive models. The approach is illustrated with a simple example of an IN617 main steam girth weld, which could be present in an advanced plant concept with 700°C steam temperature.
Fireside Corrosion Study Using B&W Clean Environment Development Facility for Oxy-Coal Combustion Systems
Authors: Kung S. C. , Tanzosh J. M. , McDonald D. K. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The development of oxy-fuel combustion technology for coal-based power generation may produce combustion products different from those typically found in traditional boilers. In particular, the enrichment of CO2 and perhaps SO3 could alter the chemical equilibrium to favor the formation of certain carbonates and sulfates in the deposit. Higher concentrations of these gases would also increase the potential for condensation of carbonic and sulfuric acids in lower-temperature areas of the boiler. To address these concerns, B&W has instituted a comprehensive research program to better understand the effect of oxy-coal combustion on fireside corrosion. The scope of this program includes gas and deposit analyses of actual combustion products sampled from B&W's Clean Environment Development Facility (CEDF) during the oxy-coal combustion of three commercial coals. The sampling locations consist of regions representing the lower furnace, superheater bank, and pulverizer outlet. Following the gas and deposit analyses, a series of laboratory corrosion tests will be performed to expose candidate alloys and coatings to conditions simulating the oxy-coal combustion environments. The technical approaches and results of the fireside corrosion program obtained to date are discussed.
Corrosion Failures of Industrial Refractories and Technical Ceramics
Authors: Rigaud Michel 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This article provides a discussion on the corrosion of industrial refractory materials and technical ceramics. These materials, which are used to minimize heat losses and provide a barrier between the vessel and its contents, are utilized in the metallurgical, chemical process, power generation, automotive, and aerospace industries. The article covers the fundamental principles of chemical corrosion of refractories and ceramics, and the use of thermodynamic calculations and kinetic models to evaluate the probability of the occurrence of corrosion-causing chemical reactions. It describes the corrosion resistance characteristics of specific classes of refractories and structural ceramics. The article also examines the prevention strategies that minimize corrosion failures of both classes of materials.
УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ ПРОЄКТУВАННЯ ДРЕНАЖНИХ СИСТЕМ НА ОСНОВІ СИСТЕМНОЇ ОПТИМІЗАЦІЇ ВІДПОВІДНО ДО СУЧАСНИХ ЗМІНЮВАНИХ УМОВ ТА ВИМОГ
Authors: Волк П. П. , Рокочинський А. М. , Волк Л. Р. , Ромащенко Є. В. 
Published: February 2025

Обґрунтовано, що перехід на оптимізаційні методи визначає об’єктивну необхідність відповідних змін та удосконалення технології проектування дренажних систем. Наявність множинних змінних природно-агромеліоративних умов реального об’єкта, багаторівневість (багатоваріантність), багатопараметричність, блочність та циклічність реалізації прогнозно-імітаційних й оптимізаційних розрахунків визначають необхідність послідовногообґрунтування за ієрархічною підпорядкованістю режимних, технологічних та конструктивних рішень щодо основнихрегулюючих елементів і дренажних систем в цілому у їх взаємозв’язку, їх поетапного еколого-економічного та інвестиційного оцінювання. Все це також визначає необхідність удосконалення технології проєктування дренажних систем на основі поєднання й послідовної реалізації різнорідних методів оцінювання технічних, технологічних, економічних й екологічних параметрів різнорідних елементів та системи в цілому з відповідними базовими проєктними процедурами. Обов’язковою умовою практичної реалізації такого підходу є необхідність застосування сучасних інформаційних та комп’ютерних АСУ, САПР, BIM та ГІС-технологій.
Pengaturan Pengadaan Pegawai Pemerintah Dengan Perjanjian Kerja (Studi Pada Pemerintah Kota Padang)
Authors: Ardila Mirza , Rosadi Otong , Madjid Neni Vesna 
Published: February 2025

Pasal 5 Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2023 tentang Aparatur Sipil Negara (ASN) menyatakan bahwa pegawai ASN hanya terdiri atas PNS dan Pegawai Pemerintah dengan Perjanjian Kerja (PPPK). Dengan adanya ketentuan ini, Pemerintah Kota Padang diwajibkan melakukan pengadaan PPPK untuk menghapus status pegawai honorer di Lingkungan Pemerintah Kota Padang dan telah berhasil melakukan beberapa kali pengadaan pengadaan PPPK. Pada tahun 2023, Pemerintah Kota Padang tercatat telah melakukan pengadaan PPPK berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Pendayagunaan Aparatur Negara dan Reformasi Birokrasi Nomor 14 Tahun 2023 tentang Pengadaan Pegawai Pemerintah dengan Perjanjian Kerja Untuk Jabatan Fungsional dan telah melantik 2.828 orang ASN PPPK. Spesifikasi penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analisis. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan yuridis normatif yang didukung dengan pendekatan yuridis empiris dengan penelitian kelapangan yaitu di Pemerintahan Kota Padang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, pembahasan dan analisis maka dapat disimpulkan; Pertama, Pengaturan pengadaan pegawai pemerintah dengan perjanjian kerja di pemerintah Kota Padang belum menggambarkan adanya kepastian hukum karena dalam Pengaturan pengadaan pegawai pemerintah dengan perjanjian kerja di pemerintah Kota Padang dinyatakan bahwa seluruh tenaga kerja honorer yang berkerja di lingkungan pemerintah baik pusat maupun daerah dikelola dalam dua kategori yaitu sebagai PNS dan PPPK akan tetapi sampai saat ini masih ada pegawai yang berstatus sebagai honorer di pemerintah Kota Padang. Selain itu, Pengaturan pengadaan pegawai pemerintah dengan perjanjian kerja di pemerintahan Kota Padang juga belum memenuhi konsep tata urutan (hirarki) peraturan perundang-undangan karena Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 6 Tahun 2021 tentang Teknis Pemberian Gaji Dan Tunjangan Pegawai Pemerintah dengan Perjanjian Kerja yang Bekerja Pada Instansi Daerah tidak sejalan dengan ketentuan perundang-undang yang ada di atasnya yaitu Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2023 Tentang Aparatur Sipil Negara dan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 49 Tahun 2018 tentang Manajemen Pegawai Pemerintah Dengan Perjanjian Kerja. Kedua, Akibat hukum yang timbul dari disahkannya pengaturan pengadaan pegawai pemerintah dengan perjanjian kerja di pemerintah Kota Padang yaitu: a) batal pelaksanaan seleksi pengadaan PPPK, b) beberapa orang tenaga honorer yang tidak memenuhi kualifikasi tidak dapat mengikuti seleksi, c) tidak terakomodirnya tunjangan PPPK oleh APBD Kota Padang, dan d) tertundanya pengadaan seleksi dan waktu pengangkatan PPPK.
Investigation of the specific toxicity of an antibacterial veterinary drug based on amoxicillin
Authors: Horiuk Y. V. , Sachuk R. M. 
Published: February 2025

The article presents the results of studying the subacute toxicity of the veterinary drug “Amoksidev 60” on white rats. The drug “Amoksidev 60” is a powder for preparing an oral solution. 1 g of the drug contains the active substance: amoxicillin – 500 mg (as amoxicillin trihydrate – 573 mg); auxiliary substances: anhydrous citric acid – up to 1 g. The veterinary medicinal product is used to treat pigs, in diseases of the digestive tract and respiratory organs caused by microorganisms sensitive to amoxicillin. As a result of the research, it was established that the oral administration of the drug “Amoksidev 60” (according to amoxicillin) with drinking water to white rats, in doses of 20.0 and 100.0 mg/kg of body weight, for 10 days, does not cause hemo-, hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic effects on the body of laboratory animals, under the conditions of a subacute toxicological experiment. Whereas when the drug was administered at a dose of 200.0 mg/kg of body weight, 10 days after the start of drug administration, a decrease in total hemoglobin content by 7.3 %, hematocrit by 6.7 %, and the number of erythrocytes was recorded in the blood of rats by 8,8 % Р < 0.05) and in the blood serum – an increase in the activity of ALT, AST and urea concentration by 16,3; 17.8 and 10.9 % (Р < 0.05), respectively. However, 7 days after stopping the administration of the drug “Amoksidev 60” with drinking water in a 10-fold dose, the hematological and biochemical parameters of the rats' blood approached the control level. Further studies will be the next stage of pre-registration tests aimed at studying the toxicity of the drug “Amoksidev 60” during repeated administrations to pigs (subacute toxicity after oral administration), which is a mandatory material of the “Safety and residue studies” section of the dossier for this medicinal product.
Market analysis and use of biocides in veterinary clinics of Ukraine
Authors: Lysak O. M. , Peleno R. A. 
Published: February 2025

Disinfection is key to ensuring the effective operation of veterinary clinics and minimizing the risk of spreading infections. The health of animals undergoing treatment and the biological safety of staff and visitors depends on the quality of disinfection measures. The effectiveness of sanitary treatment of veterinary facilities directly depends on the effectiveness of disinfectants used for its implementation. The work aimed to analyze the market of veterinary biocides in Ukraine and compile a list of the most commonly used for disinfection of veterinary clinic facilities. According to the research results, it was found that from 2020 to 2024, the market of veterinary medicines and biocides in Ukraine experienced significant fluctuations. In particular, the largest number of registrations of veterinary drugs (299) and biocides (90) was recorded in 2020. In 2021, a sharp decrease in registrations was noted, especially for biocides, for which 41.1 % fewer registration certificates were issued than the previous year. In 2022, a temporary increase in the issuance of registration certificates was established due to the registrations of 17 more drugs and 35 more biocides. In 2024, the number of registration certificates issued, compared to the previous year, was 6 fewer for drugs and 13 more for biocides. The increase in the number of registration certificates for biocides after 2021 was due to the registration of more insect-acaricidal agents against the background of a decrease in the registration of technical and antiseptic agents. Thus, among all registered products of this group, the number of registration documents issued for insect-acaricidal products in different years ranged from 66 to 94.7 %, and for technical products decreased from 20 % in 2020 to 5.3 % in 2024. The share for antiseptic products was only in 2020 and 2022 and amounted to 5.0 and 18.4 %, respectively. Similar dynamics were observed in the process of re-registration of biocides. A clear trend was established towards an increase in the share of insect-acaricidal products (from 66 % to 81.6 %), a gradual decrease in the share of technical products, and a small number of antiseptic products (8.2–14 %). It was determined that with a difference of 16.2 %, domestic manufacturers' products prevail in the market of our country, and in the list of the most used for disinfection of veterinary clinic facilities, products containing more than two active substances account for 25 %, based on alcohols, quaternary ammonium compounds and oxidants – 16.6 % each, halogen-containing – 12.6 %, and based on aldehydes, phenols and alkalis – 4.2 %.
Kísérlet a hitelezői érdekek védelmét szolgálójogi eszközök összefoglalására
Authors: Páhi Barbara 
Published: February 2025

A hitelek igénybevétele szerves része a gazdasági életnek, éppen ezért kardinális kérdés a piaci szereplők szempontjából a bizalom, hiszen csak annak birtokában működik megfelelően a gazdaság, s apellálhat a hitelező arra, hogy az általa megelőlegezett pénzügyi eszközöket az adós vissza fogja részére téríteni. Aki előnyök szerzése végett megszegi a gazdaság megfelelő működését biztosító jogszabályokat, annak különböző – a jogsértés súlyához igazodó – hátrányos jogkövetkezményekkel kell számolnia. Ennek biztosítása érdekében vált szükségessé a hitelezők érdekeinek védelme a polgári jogon túl a büntetőjog, azon belül a gazdasági büntetőjog eszközrendszerével is.
Life’s Simple 7 and its impact on chronic bowel disorders: a study on constipation and diarrhea in the U.S. adult population
Authors: Sun Hongzhi , Qi Lei , Ming Yiwei , Wang Weichen , Hu Maoneng 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundChronic gastrointestinal disorders, such as chronic constipation and diarrhea, pose significant public health challenges, affecting quality of life and healthcare costs. Life’s Simple 7 (LS7), established by the American Heart Association, encompasses essential health behaviors that may influence bowel health.MethodsWe utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 2005 and 2010, focusing on adults aged 20 years and older. A total of 12,912 participants were included in the analysis. Bowel health was assessed through self-reported questionnaires, while LS7 was evaluated based on seven components: smoking status, physical activity, dietary quality, BMI, blood pressure, blood glucose, and blood cholesterol. Survey-weighted logistic regression models were employed to assess the associations between LS7 and chronic constipation and diarrhea, adjusting for various demographic and health-related covariates.ResultsOur findings revealed a significant inverse association between LS7 adherence and the prevalence of chronic constipation (OR: 0.914, 95% CI: 0.864–0.966, p = 0.003) and chronic diarrhea (OR: 0.883, 95% CI: 0.856–0.912, p &lt; 0.0001). The protective effect of LS7 was more pronounced among males and individuals with a BMI under 30 kg/m2 for chronic constipation, and among younger adults and those without hypertension for chronic diarrhea. Restricted cubic spline analyses indicated a dose–response relationship, particularly for chronic diarrhea.ConclusionThis study highlights the protective role of LS7 in promoting bowel health and preventing chronic constipation and diarrhea. Tailoring public health interventions based on demographic and health characteristics may enhance the effectiveness of strategies aimed at improving gastrointestinal health outcomes.
Brain local structural connectomes and the subtypes of the medial temporal lobe parcellations
Authors: Li Zhensheng , Ma Jie , Bai Hongmin , Deng Bingmei , Lin Jian , Wang Weimin 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveTo investigate the quantitative characteristics and major subtypes of local structural connectomes for medial temporal lobe (MTL) parcellations.MethodsThe Q-Space Diffeomorphic Reconstruction (QSDR) method was used to track white matter fibers for the ROIs within MTL based on the integrating high-resolution T1 structural MR imaging and diffusion MR imaging of 100 adult Chinese individuals. Graph theoretical analysis was employed to construct the local structural connectome models for ROIs within MTL and acquire the network parameters. These connectivity matrices of these connectomes were classified into major subtypes undergoing hierarchical clustering.Results(1) In the local brain connectomes, the overall network features exhibited a low characteristic path length paired with moderate to high global efficiency, suggesting the effectiveness of the local brain connectome construction. The amygdala connectomes exhibited longer characteristic path length and weaker global efficiency than the ipsilateral hippocampus and parahippocampal connectomes. (2) The hubs of the amygdala connectomes were dispersed across the ventral frontal, olfactory area, limbic, parietal regions and subcortical nuclei, and the hubs the hippocampal connectomes were mainly situated within the limbic, parietal, and subcortical regions. The hubs distribution of the parahippocampal connectomes resembled the hippocampal structural connectomes, but lacking interhemispheric connections and connectivity with subcortical nuclei. (3) The subtypes of the brain local structural connectomes for each ROI were classified by hierarchical clustering, The subtypes of the bilateral amygdala connectomes were the amygdala-prefrontal connectome; the amygdala-ipsilateral or contralateral limbic connectome and the amygdala-posterior connectome. The subtypes of the bilateral hippocampal connectomes primarily included the hippocampus-ipsilateral or contralateral limbic connectome and the anterior temporal-hippocampus-ventral temporal-occipital connectome in the domain hemisphere. The subtypes of the parahippocampal connectomes exhibited resemblances to those of the hippocampus.ConclusionWe have constructed the brain local connectomes of the MTL parcellations and acquired the network parameters to delineate the hubs distribution through graph theory analysis. The connectomes can be classified into different major subtypes, which were closely related to the functional connectivity.
The impact of radiotherapy on disease control in vulvar extramammary Paget’s disease: a retrospective study from a single institution
Authors: Seol Aeran , Kim Se Ik , Song Yong Sang 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveVulvar extramammary Paget’s disease (EMPD) is a rare intraepithelial carcinoma that affects apocrine gland-bearing skin, predominantly in postmenopausal women. Due to its rarity, optimal treatment strategies, including the role of radiotherapy (RT), remain poorly established. This study aimed to evaluate the role of radiation therapy in vulvar EMPD, focusing on preserving functional and aesthetic vulvar tissue without compromising survival rates.Materials and methodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of 32 patients diagnosed with vulvar EMPD at Seoul National University Hospital between 2000 and 2024. Clinicopathologic data, including demographics characteristics, clinical presentations, histopathological findings, treatment modalities, and outcomes, were collected. Patients were divided into two groups: those who received neoadjuvant or adjuvant RT (n = 9) and those who did not (n = 21). Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess factors related to recurrence and progression-free survival (PFS).ResultThe median age at diagnosis was 63.8 years (range: 38.0–87.8), with 84.4% of patients being postmenopausal. Among the 32 patients, 30 (93.8%) underwent surgery, and nine (28.1%) received adjuvant RT. Recurrence rates were similar between the RT (66.7%) and non-RT (66.7%) groups. The median PFS was longer in the RT group (28.1 months) compared to the non-RT group (23.4 months), although this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.395). Univariate and multivariate analyses identified age ≥ 60 years as a borderline predictor of poorer PFS (p = 0.053), while no significant associations were found between RT and postoperative complications or recurrence risk.ConclusionIn conclusion, although RT did not show a statistically significant survival benefit, both our data and previous studies strongly suggest that RT holds potential for disease control. It may be the primary treatment before and after surgery in patients with extensive vulvar EMPD.
Clinical characteristics and risk factors of Clostridioides difficile infection in children with diarrhoea
Authors: Wang Ning , Jiang Kun , Huang Jinyue , Hou Mengzhu , Wang Lu , Wang Wei , Fang Yulian 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) in children with diarrhea, and to provide evidence for the clinical prevention and treatment of CDI.MethodsThe clinical data of 192 children with diarrhoea suspected of CDI admitted from August 2020 to March 2023 were retrospectively analysed and divided into two groups according to whether CDI occurred, and the clinical characteristics and risk factors of the two groups were analysed statistically.ResultsThere were 85 cases of CDI in children with diarrhoea, 60 males (70.6%) and 25 females (29.4%), with a male to female ratio of 2.4:1; clinical manifestations were mostly fever, diarrhoea, abdominal pain, vomiting and blood in stool, with no statistically significant differences compared to the non-infected group. Interleukin - 6 (IL - 6) levels were lower in the CDI group than in the non - CDI group, and the difference was statistically significant (P &lt; 0.05). Multi-factor logistic regression analysis was used to show that a history of hospitalisation within the last three months, a history of antibiotic treatment for ≥7 days, non-breastfeeding, and a history of antibiotic combined with probiotic treatment were risk factors for CDI in children with diarrhoea (P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionsA history of hospitalisation within the last three months, previous antibiotic treatment for ≥7 days or combined with probiotic treatment, and non-breastfeeding are risk factors for CDI in children with diarrhoea, so children with diarrhoea who present as described above need to be alerted to CDI and are advised to have active investigations to facilitate rapid and effective control of the disease and improve prognosis.