bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single IOL surface measurements with UV‐Shack‐Hartmann‐Sensors
Authors: KANNENGIESSER M , GILLNER M , LANGENBUCHER A , JANUNTS E 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose Measuring single IOL surface topographies remains a difficult task due to reflexes from the second surface. Currently no commercially system is available for this task. The purpose of this study is to discuss the feasibility of a new and customized UV‐SHS (Shack‐Hartmann‐Sensor) method in the field of measuring individual IOL surfaces.Methods The WaveMaster system (Trioptics, Wedel) represents the SHS technique. It is customized to work in the UV range of light spectrum and eliminates the possibility of back surface reflections. Repeatability and reproducibility measurements are performed before measuring spherical and freeform IOLs of different radii of curvature (ROC) between 6 mm and 20 mm. For validation of the measurement system 2 criteria are applied: The correct measurement of a sample’s ROC and the RMS of the residual (the topography after subtracting the best‐fitted‐sphere).Results The repeatability and reproducibility measurements provide acceptable figures; a measurement of a sample’s ROC takes about 5 seconds and delivers accurate results. The maximum deviation from the theoretical design ROC is about 100 µm while many results show a deviation of some µm. The results for spherical IOLs prove that the device can be applied over the whole range of ROCs. The residuals show an RMS deviation of some µm for spherical surfaces and correspondingly higher values for freeform surfaces.Conclusion The UV‐WaveMaster system is an appropriate device for measuring individual IOL surfaces for a wide range of ROCs making it applicable for quality control for freeform IOL surfaces. The acquisition of the sample’s topography and ROC with its residual is fast and. Future application of the device will show its advantages and limitations in detail.
Extraction of lens geometry in an optomechanical eye model during accommodation using automatic image processing
Authors: GILLNER M , EPPIG T , KANNENGIESSER M , LANGENBUCHER A 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To extract curvature, lens thickness and optical performance of accommodative intraocular lenses (AIOL) in an optomechanical eye model.Methods Freshly enucleated porcine eyes with an implanted AIOL and removed cornea were placed in a cuvette with BSS (35°C) simulating physiological conditions. The ciliary body was expanded radially symmetric to stretch or release the zonula fibers effectuating pseudophakic accommodation. Dynamic accommodation and imaging quality was measured with a Shack‐Hartmann‐Sensor (SHS). Shape and relative lens position during accommodation was measured with an optical coherence tomograph (OCT). The 3D OCT image was processed with denoising and edge detection extracting the AIOL surface. Remaining haptic data were eliminated. Images were corrected by inverse ray‐tracing for compensation of the OCT’s beam divergence and refractive effects of optical surfaces. Finally the AIOL geometry was derived by a spherical fit and the center thickness was determined.Results The algorithm allows to extract edge data from noisy OCT images and up‐to‐scale geometrical data. Curvature was derived from a fit of the edge points and relative lens position, lens thickness as well as optical power for the optomechanical eye model were measured at different states of accommodation. Optics with a diameter up to 6 mm could be measured with a lateral/depth resolution of 20/5 µm. The results yield complimentary data to the image quality measured with the SHS.Conclusion The algorithms are elementary tools for the setup of the optomechanical eye model for AIOL. It is now possible to evaluate different AIOL in an experimental setup as a base for development of next generation AIOL.
Pirfenidone inhibits the induction of COX‐2 stimulated by IL‐1β at a step of NF‐κB DNA binding in orbital fibroblast
Authors: KOOK K , PARK S , CHOI A 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose The aim of this study was to determine the effect of pirfenidone on interleukin‐1β(IL‐1β)‐induced cyclooxygenase 2(COX‐2) increase in orbital fibroblasts from patients with thyroid‐associated ophthalmopathy(TAO).Methods Orbital fat tissues were obtained during decompression surgery of patients with TAO and orbital fibroblasts were primarily cultured. After treatment of cells with IL‐1β in the presence and absence of pirfenidone, COX‐2 induction and its signal including NF‐κB were analyzed. The effect of pirfenidone on the IL‐1β‐induced prostaglandin E2(PGE2) production in orbital fibroblast was also evaluated.Results Pirfenidone attenuated the IL‐1β‐induced COX‐2 mRNA and protein increase. In electrophoric mobility shift assay, pirfenidone showed the inhibitory effect on NF‐κB DNA binding. However, pirfenidone showed no effect on the degradation and phosphorylation of IκB, and could not prevent nuclear translocation of p50/p65. Finally, the production of PGE2 was nicely inhibited by pirfenidone.Conclusion The results of this study indicate that pirfenidone effectively attenuates IL‐1β‐induced COX‐2 gene expression at a step of NF‐κB DNA binding, which suggests that pirfenidone could be considered as a candidate for treatment of thyroid‐associated ophthalmopathy.
Ocular symptoms are not predictive of ocular inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease. A large cross‐sectional survey
Authors: CLOCHé V , BIGARD MA , PEYRIN‐BIROULET L , ANGIOI K 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose The aims of this study were to assess the predictive value of ocular symptoms for predicting ocular inflammation and the impact of medications on ophthalmologic manifestations in a large prospective cohort of IBD patients.Methods All consecutive IBD patients seen in the Department of Gastroenterology between April 2009 and July 2011 were interviewed for this cross‐sectional study using a pre‐established questionnaire. If the patient had at least one ocular symptom, he systematically underwent an ophthalmologic examination.Results Three hundred and six patients were enrolled in this cross‐sectional study: 169 were women (55.2%), 228 had Crohn’s disease (74.5%), 77 ulcerative colitis (25.2%) and 1 microscopic colitis (0.3%). Ninety‐eight patients (32%) reported at least one ocular symptom: ocular irritation (56.8%), red eye (40.5%), blurred vision (37.8%), ocular pain (31.1%), progressive visual loss (34.4%), myodesopsia (23.3%), eyelid secretion (12.2%), dry eye (9.5%), watering (6.8%), diplopia (5.4%), metamorphopsia (4%), and sudden visual loss (4%). Following ophthalmologic examination (n=79), 41.9% patients had evidence of dry eye (n=31), 14.9% blepharitis (n=11) and 1.4% scleritis (n=1). No uveitis was reported. Methotrexate was associated with dry eye (p=0.03).Conclusion Ocular symptoms are frequent in IBD patients, but are nonspecific and rarely associated with ocular inflammation. Systematic ocular symptoms assessment is of poor value for diagnosing ocular inflammation in clinical practice in IBD patients.
Choroidal thickness measurements in children using Spectral‐Domain OCT
Authors: PEREZ GARCIA D , PINILLA I , IBANEZ ALPERTE J , PEIRO C , ASCASO F , REMON GARIJO L , CRISTOBAL JA 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose The aim of this study was to assess changes in choroidal development in normal children with no refractive error.Methods Forty children age from 3 to 14 ages with refractive error from 0‐1.5 aspheric equivalent and absence of ocular pathology, were evaluated to assess changes in choroidal thickness during development. Seven measurements were taken in a good quality vertical scan: the first was through the fovea and the others in 400 microns steps to nasal and temporal sides (3 each side). Measurements were taken using the manual caliper provided by the software of the device, a Spectralis OCT (Heidelberg, Germany). All measurements were performed by 2 independent observers.Results Reliable measurements of choroidal thickness were obtainable in 96 % of eyes examined. Mean (SD) choroidal subfoveal thickness was 287.17±70.85 for children aged 3‐6, 297.14±66.95 for children 7‐10 and 314.70±72.07 for subjects aged 11‐14 years. Measurements were lower at the nasal edge 256.05±73.29 compared to 283.50±70.93 at temporal one. There was no difference between sex.Conclusion Choroidal development during childhood can be assessed by Spectral OCT using manual caliper. Mean choroidal thickness increases with age in childhood and temporal thickness is higher than the nasal one .
Long‐term nanostructural effects of high radiofrequency treatment on the rabbit skin tissues
Authors: JAE HO S 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the long‐term effects of high radiofrequency (HRF) tissue‐tightening treatment in in vivo rabbit dermal collagen fibrils.Methods These effects would be measured at different energy and at varying pass procedures on the nanostructural response level using histology and AFM analysis. Each rabbit was into one of seven experimental groups, which included the following: control group, and six HRF group according to three HRF energy (10 W, 20 W and 30 W) and two HRF pass procedures. The progressive changes in the diameter and D‐periodicity of rabbit dermal collagen fibrils were investigated in detail over one month post‐treatment period.Results Normal dermal tissues show an irregular collagen network structure, whereas those treated with the HRF tissue‐tightening device showed more prominent inflammatory responses with inflammatory cell ingrowth compared to the control as well as a well‐aligned collagen network structure at the nanostructural level. This effect showed more prominent with the passage of day after treatment. Although an increase in the diameter and D‐periodicity of dermal collagen fibrils was identified immediately after the HRF treatment, a decrease in the morphology of dermal collagen fibrils continued until the proliferative period. The dimensions of collagen fibrils returned to level of the control group at the postoperative 7 days.Conclusion A multiple pass treatment at low energy rather than a single pass treatment at high energy showed the changes in the collagen fibrils at the nanostructural level.
Ocular surface effects of antiglaucoma combination therapies in a rat model of corneal scraping
Authors: DAULL P , GARRIGUE JS , FERAILLE L , BAUDOUIN C , ELENA P 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose Severity of ocular surface damages in glaucoma patients was shown to be correlated to the number of instilled benzalkonium chloride (BAK) preserved (P) antiglaucoma eye drops. While preservative‐free (PF) eye drops reduce iatrogenic toxicity they do not restore the ocular surface. The effects of PF‐cationic emulsion of latanoprost (Catioprost®) and BAK‐free travoprost combined with P‐ or PF‐timolol formulations were compared to BAK‐preserved prostaglandin (PG)/timolol‐fixed combinations (FC) in an established rat model of ocular surface injury.Methods Seven PG/timolol combinations were assessed in a rat model of corneal scraping. The upper part of the corneal epithelium was scraped mechanically prior to a 5‐day treatment followed by clinical (in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM), fluorescein staining) and histological evaluations. Conjunctival function was assessed by goblet cell count and MUC5AC immunostaining.Results Catioprost®/timolol combinations did not induce toxicity as evidenced by IVCM scoring, both reducing inflammatory cell infiltration greater than BAK‐free travoprost/P‐timolol combination. In contrast, BAK‐preserved PG/timolol‐FC presented elevated IVCM scores. MUC5AC staining and goblet cell count demonstrated that BAK‐free Catioprost®/PF‐timolol is the best tolerated combination.Conclusion BAK‐free Catioprost®/P‐timolol is very well tolerated, in contrast to BAK‐preserved PG/timolol‐FC. The findings suggest that Catioprost® associated with PF‐ or P‐timolol have the potential to benefit glaucoma patients with ocular surface disease.
Commercial interest
Granulomatous conjunctivitis associated with chronic blepharitis in children
Authors: BAïZ H , MAURAGE CA , LAUMONIER E , ROULAND JF , LABALETTE P 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To outline the clinical and pathological characteristics of granulomatous conjunctivitis associated with primary chronic blepharitis in childrenMethods 23 children presenting ocular rosacea with suspected conjunctival granulomas were examined prospectively. Conjunctival biopsies were performed in 20 patients; for each sample we associated histological study with an immunohistochemistry analysis (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD1a, CD11c, CD68, CD123).Results Conjunctival inflammation was micronodular, associated with follicles in 4 cases. Conjunctival granulomas appeared as whitish or subtle yellowish nodules. Corneal complications were common (87%), as phlyctenular lesions (43.5%) and neovascularization (69.5%). Epithelioid granulomas associated with giant cells infiltrated the conjunctival matrix of most patients (80%), inflammatory infiltrate only was found for 4 patients. The granulomatous specimens showed peri‐ and intra‐granulomas infiltration by inflammatory T‐cells (CD3), with more CD4 cells than CD8 cells, monocytic‐derived cells (CD11c) including macrophages (CD68+ CD1a), and less frequently plasmacytoid dendritic cells (CD123). Treatment included topical steroids, lubricants and eyelids care (100%), topical ciclosporine (13%), systemic antibiotics (35%).Conclusion Granulomatous conjunctivitis is a complication of ocular rosacea in children. The immunopathology of the conjunctiva identified the main cellular actors involved in the granulomatous process. Our results provide a new look on this pathology.
Nicorandil: a new case of corneal ulceration
Authors: TRECHOT F , BAZARD MC , BATTA B , ANGIOI K 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To describe a case of corneal ulceration induced by nicorandil.Methods A 78‐year old woman presented a persistant corneal ulceration (RE), resistant to local treatment. She complained of pain and photophobia and visual acuity was 20/125. Slit‐lamp examination revealed epithelial erosion, stroma thinning and folds of Descemet’s membrane. Anterior chamber and fundus examination were normal. Neither mechanical nor infectious local causes explained the lesions. The trigger was most likely a cataract surgery, two months earlier. In her past medical history she reported angor treated by nicorandil for 2 years, treatment that has been suspected to impede corneal healing. With the appointment of her cardiologist we decided to stop nicorandil and observed complete resolution of the symptoms and ulceration after a few weeks.Results Pathogenesis of nicorandil‐induced ulcerations is not yet elucidated. Recently it has been hypothesized that during prolonged high‐dose treatment with nicorandil, or after increased dosage, nicotinic acid (a metabolite) may accumulate outside the endogenous pool of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide/phosphate and become abnormally distributed. In case of a rather recent or sustained trauma (surgery in our case), nicotinic acid, thanks to nicotinamide, a potassium channel openers with vasodilatator effects, may ulcerate the epithelial proliferation of the edge of the raw area, ultimately flooding the whole scar. The sequence of events of this case strongly suggests a nicorandil‐induced ocular side effect.Conclusion Attention should be paid to the possible ocular iatrogenic role of nicorandil in cases of unexplained corneal ulceration.
Wetability and deposits accumulation on anterior surface of blue light‐filtering contact lens
Authors: CHAMORRO E , BONNIN‐ARIAS C , RAMIREZ‐MERCADO G , URBANO‐RODRIGUEZ R , RIOS‐SANTOS R , SANCHEZ‐RAMOS C 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To evaluate wetability and deposits accumulation on anterior surface of blue light‐filtering contact lens after a cleaning process with Multi‐purpose Solution Cleaning, Hydrogen Peroxide solution and Lubricant Drops.Methods A self‐controlled trial was carried out in 41 contact lens users who were wearing blue light‐filtering contact lens (Profilcon A 52%WC) for 30 minutes per test. Wetability and deposits accumulation on anterior surface were evaluated according to the International Organization for Standardization ISO11980 guidelines. Four conditions were set: a)usual contact lens, b)blue light‐filtering contact lens after cleaning process with Multi‐purpose Solution Cleaning, c)after Hydrogen Peroxide solution disinfection and d) after Lubricant Drops instillation.Results Statistically significant differences were not observed within the parameters evaluated among the different cleaning solutions proposed. For a,b,c and d conditions, the percentage of lens that showed very insignificant deposits accumulation(visible after drying tear film) were 25%,34%,20% and 27%, respectively and the percentage of lens that showed not significant deposits (deposits easily eliminated) were 3%,2%,7% and 8%, respectively. Regarding wetability, minor wetability problems were showed and these ones were solved by the blinking in 18%, 29%, 18% and 18% of the cases, respectively, whereas the areas that remained dry on the contact lenses were 4%,0%,5% and 2% of the cases.Conclusion The wetability and deposits accumulation on anterior surface of blue light‐filtering contact lenses is similar for the different cleaning treatment and equivalent to the non blue light‐filtering contact lens.
Quantification of tear film thickness in healthy subjects using ultrahigh resolution OCT imaging
Authors: KAYA S , WERKMEISTER R , LEITGEB R , ALEX A , GARHOEFER G , SCHMETTERER L 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose Dry eye syndrome is a highly prevalent disorder that can lead to severe visual impairment. A major challenge in the management of the disease is that signs and symptoms are poorly correlated. As such there is a major need for new innovative techniques to diagnose the disease.Methods We have realized a high‐resolution Fourier domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) system for the measurement of tear film thickness. As a light source we used a Ti:Sapphire laser with a bandwidth of more than 150 nm. A total of 26 healthy subjects were studied. Tear film imaging was started immediately after blinking and continued for 20 seconds thereafter.Results The tear film was on average 4.8 ± 0.9 µm and could be quantified in all subjects. Over the 20seconds time period no significant reduction in tear film thickness was observed. In some subjects, break‐up of the tear film could, however, be observed. The intra‐individual variability from frame‐to‐frame was low and typically below 10%.Conclusion Our data indicate that the human tear film thickness can be quantified using high‐resolution OCT. The technique may have considerable potential in the management of dry eye patients.
Corneal biomechanics after corneal cross‐linking for keratoconus
Authors: CELLINI M , STROBBE E , GIZZI C , BALDUCCI N , CAMPOS EC 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To assess corneal hysteresis (CH) and corneal resistance factor (CRF) in keratoconic eyes before and after corneal cross‐linking (CXL) with riboflavin/ultraviolet‐A and to evaluate the correlation between these biomechanics values and central corneal thickness (CCT).Methods 22 eyes of 12 patients (mean age 25.3±5.9) were evaluated before and 1, 6 and 12 months after CXL. At each visit best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), CCT , CH and CRF using ocular response analyzer‐ORA (Reichert Ophthalmic Instruments, Buffalo, NY) were assessed. Data were analyzed using Friedman and Spearman tests.Results BCVA, expressed in LogMAR, significantly improved 1 year after CXL (0.31±0.05 vs 0.27±0.04, p<0.05). Both CH and CFR significantly improved 1 month after surgery (6.26±0.96 mmHg vs 7.93±1.05 mmHg and 4.70±1.2 mmHg vs 6.90±1.13 mmHg, p<0.0005 and p< 0.0001 respectively), than progressively decreased and at 12th month no difference was found when compared to basal values (6.28±0.48 and 4.74±0.36 respectively). Significantly CCT reduction was found after CXL (472.17±22.59, 459.1±21.68, 465.36±19.59, 465.65±16.47 µm, p<0.001). Significantly direct correlations were found between preoperative CCT and both 1 year postoperative CH and CRF (r=0.85 and 0.86 respectively, p<0.001 for all variables).Conclusion CH and CRF significantly improved 1 month after CXL but returned to basal values after 1 year, despite a reduced CCT. CXL exerts a transient positive impact on ORA measurements, but further studies are needed to assess why the results is not stable over time. Moreover, preoperative CCT could be a predictive factor for biomechanics values 1 year after CXL.
Ability of keratoconus match index and keratoconus match probability in the differenciation of forme fruste keratoconus and healthy corneas
Authors: DELBARRE M , LUSSATO M , RIGAL‐SASTOURNE JC 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To compare Keratoconus Match Index (KMI) and Keratoconus Match Probability (KMP) of the Ocular Response Analyser (ORA) between forme fruste keratoconus and normal corneas and estimate the sensitivity and the specificity of KMI in discriminating forme fruste keratoconus from healthy corneas.Methods The study population of this retrospective comparative case series was divided into 2 groups: 8 forme fruste keratoconic eyes (FFKCN) and 36 healthy eyes. Every patient underwent a corneal topography, and a biomechanical evaluation with the Ocular Response Analyser. KMI and KMP were compared between the 2 groups. KMI and KMP results from an individual eye are compared to average values from 5 clinically classified populations in a normative database: Normal, Suspect KCN, Mild KCN, Moderate KCN, and Severe KCN. The software determines which population the measurement result best fits.Results The mean KMI 0.67 for FFKCN and 0.928 for control eyes. There was a statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (P = 0.05). For a threshold of 0,8, KMI had a sensitivity of 63% with a specificity of 72%. For a threshold of 10,7mmHg, the CH had a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 66,7%. According to the KMP, corneas of the control group match best with the normal group in 64% of the cases. According to the KMP, corneas of the FFKCN group match best with the normal group in 34% of the cases, with the suspect group in 35% of the cases, with the mild, moderate or severe group in 31% of the cases.Conclusion Sensitivity and specificity of the KMI is not greater than those of CH and CRF. The classification proposed by the KMP is not accurate and does not allows the screening of FFKCN.
Interest of endosaver® using on endothelial graft
Authors: GUENOUN S , PROUST H , CONRATH J , RIDINGS B , HOFFART L 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To describe characteristics of a delivery device of endothelial graft using in endothelial keratoplasty procedure (Descemet Stripping Endothelial Keraplasty, DSAEK) and to report clinical results.Methods 20 patients are including in our prospective non‐randomised study. Patients were benefited of a DSAEK by an experienced surgeon. The dissection of the endothelial graft were realised after removal epithelium and cutting a cornea anterior hat of 350μm by a microkeratom (Moria France). Grafts are inserted by the Endosaver® (Ocular System Inc USA) by a 4 mm incision and applied by a buffering of a air bubble in the anterior segment after a peripheral iridotomy. Authors reports experiences with this device and the density of endothelial cells after 6 month.Results Any failure of the graft was reported. The diminution of endothelial cells was correlated to the thickness of the graft and situated between 26% and 31% depending on pachymetry (50‐120 μm and 120‐150μm).49% of patients had more than 20/40 at 6 month.Conclusion our study showed the interest of Endosaver® on endothelial grafts to reduce the incision and the diminution of endothelial cells on DSAEK.