bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does a standard measure of self‐reported physical disability correlate with clinician perception of impairment related to cancer screening?
Authors: Buckley David I. , Davis Melinda M. , Andresen Elena M. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Adults with physical disabilities are less likely than others to receive cancer screening. It is not known, however, whether commonly used measures assess elements of physical ability necessary for successful screening. The objective of this exploratory study was to determine whether patients who reported limitations in activities of daily living (ADLs) or instrumental ADLs (IADLs) are perceived by their primary care clinicians to have physical limitations that may impede cancer screening.METHODS:Patients at 2 rural primary care clinics were surveyed about ADLs and IADLs and about their up‐to‐date status for breast, cervical, and/or colorectal cancer screening. Clinicians and office staff were asked whether they believed each patient had a physical limitation that might impede screening. The agreement between patient and clinician assessments was evaluated.RESULTS:Clinicians believed that 43% of patients with severe disability (ADLs) and 30% of patients with moderate disability (IADLs) had limitations that might affect screening. Agreement between patient and clinician assessments was low according to the kappa statistic (κ = 0.355), but had a high percentage of negative agreement (92.3%) and a low percentage of positive agreement (42.7%). Patients with ADL/IADL‐related disability were less likely than nondisabled patients to be current for cervical and breast cancer screening. Patients who were viewed by clinicians as having limitations relevant for screening were less likely to be current for cervical cancer screening.CONCLUSIONS:These results indicate that a common measure of general disability may not capture all factors relevant for cancer screening. An instrument designed to include these factors may help identify and accommodate patients who have disabilities that may impede screening. Cancer 2012;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Epidermal growth factor receptor protein expression and genomic alterations in renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Minner Sarah , Rump Dorothea , Tennstedt Pierre , Simon Ronald , Burandt Eike , Terracciano Luigi , Moch Holger , Wilczak Waldemar , Bokemeyer Carsten , Fisch Margit , Sauter Guido , Eichelberg Christian 
Published: August 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is involved in the progression of many cancer types and represents an important therapeutic target.METHODS:To determine the role of EGFR in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), the authors analyzed 1088 tumors in a tissue microarray format by using immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). A subset of 63 cancers was sequenced for EGFR exon 18 through 21 mutations.RESULTS:EGFR expression was observed in 83.8% of clear cell carcinomas, in 68.2% of papillary carcinomas, in 75% of chromophobe carcinomas, and in 50% of oncocytomas. Within clear cell carcinomas, the expression level of EGFR was associated with high tumor grade (P < .0001), advanced pathologic tumor classification (P < .0001), and, to a lesser extent, lymph node status (P = .0326). FISH analysis revealed increased EGFR copy numbers (high polysomy) in 5.5% of tumors and amplification in 0.1% of tumors. EGFR copy number increases were associated with EGFR protein expression (P = .0015). Within clear cell carcinomas, EGFR copy number increases were associated with high tumor grade (P < .0001), advanced pathologic tumor classification (P = .0472), and lymph node status (P = .0065). No exon 18 through 21 mutations were identified in 63 sequenced tumors.CONCLUSIONS:The authors concluded that increased EGFR expression occurs in a fraction of patients who have RCC with an unfavorable histologic phenotype. EGFR copy number gain represents 1 possible cause for EGFR overexpression; however, many over expressing tumors have a normal genotype. High polysomy (which is suggested to be predictive of a response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors) occurs in 5.6% of RCCs. Thus, the potential utility of anti‐EGFR medications may be worth further investigation in a small but significant subset of patients with RCC. Cancer 2012;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Body mass index, long‐term weight change, and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Lahmann Petra H. , Pandeya Nirmala , Webb Penelope M. , Green Adèle C. , Whiteman David C. ,   for the Australian Cancer Study
Published: August 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Observational studies suggest that body mass index (BMI) is inversely associated with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, questions remain regarding reverse causation and confounding, especially by smoking, as alternative explanations.METHODS:The authors examined the association between BMI and measures of weight history and risk of ESCC in a population‐based Australian case‐control study (from 2002 to 2005) comprising 287 patients with ESCC (cases) and a control group of 1544 individuals who were sampled from a population registry. Stratified analyses were performed specifically to explore whether this association was influenced by smoking. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to derive odds ratios (ORs).RESULTS:After adjusting for smoking, significant inverse associations with ESCC for BMI and weight 1 year before diagnosis, maximum adult BMI, and weight gain since age 20 years were observed (all Ptrend < .001). The risk of ESCC was reduced by 35% (range, 23%‐44%) per 5‐unit increase in recent BMI. Participants who gained weight after age 20 years had a lower risk than those who maintained their weight during adult life (OR for gain of >20 kg, 0.51; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.33‐0.77). In stratified analyses, higher BMI was associated with a decreasing risk of ESCC both in never‐smokers (OR, 0.32; 95% CI 0.13‐0.76) and smokers (OR 0.22, 95%CI 0.07‐0.67) comparing the highest versus the lowest BMI quintile.CONCLUSIONS:In this study, the inverse associations between BMI, long‐term weight gain, and other body measures and ESCC appeared to be robust and could not be explained by smoking status or potential confounding factors. Cancer 2012;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
CFD and PIV analysis of hemodynamics in a growing intracranial aneurysm
Authors: Raschi Marcelo , Mut Fernando , Byrne Greg , Putman Christopher M. , Tateshima Satoshi , Viñuela Fernando , Tanoue Tetsuya , Tanishita Kazuo , Cebral Juan R. 
Published: August 2011

SUMMARYHemodynamics is thought to be a fundamental factor in the formation, progression, and rupture of cerebral aneurysms. Understanding these mechanisms is important to improve their rupture risk assessment and treatment. In this study, we analyze the blood flow field in a growing cerebral aneurysm using experimental particle image velocimetry (PIV) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques. Patient‐specific models were constructed from longitudinal 3D computed tomography angiography images acquired at 1‐y intervals. Physical silicone models were constructed from the computed tomography angiography images using rapid prototyping techniques, and pulsatile flow fields were measured with PIV. Corresponding CFD models were created and run under matching flow conditions. Both flow fields were aligned, interpolated, and compared qualitatively by inspection and quantitatively by defining similarity measures between the PIV and CFD vector fields. Results showed that both flow fields were in good agreement. Specifically, both techniques provided consistent representations of the main intra‐aneurysmal flow structures and their change during the geometric evolution of the aneurysm. Despite differences observed mainly in the near wall region, and the inherent limitations of each technique, the information derived is consistent and can be used to study the role of hemodynamics in the natural history of intracranial aneurysms. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Registration of plantar pressure images
Authors: Oliveira Francisco P.M. , Tavares João Manuel R.S. 
Published: August 2011

SUMMARYIn this work, five computational methodologies to register plantar pressure images are compared: (1) the first methodology is based on matching the external contours of the feet; (2) the second uses the phase correlation technique; (3) the third addresses the direct maximization of cross‐correlation using the Fourier transform; (4) the fourth minimizes the sum of squared differences using the Fourier transform; and (5) the fifth methodology iteratively optimizes an intensity (dis)similarity measure based on Powell's method. The accuracy and robustness of the five methodologies were assessed by using images from three common plantar pressure acquisition devices: a Footscan system, an EMED system, and a light reflection system. Using the residual error as a measure of accuracy, all methodologies revealed to be very accurate even in the presence of noise. The most accurate was the methodology based on the iterative optimization, when the mean squared error was minimized. It achieved a residual error inferior to 0.01 mm and 0.6 mm for non‐noisy and noisy images, respectively. On the other hand, the methodology based on image contour matching was the fastest, but its accuracy was the lowest. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modulation and coding scheme selection in multimedia broadcast over a single frequency network‐enabled long‐term evolution networks
Authors: Alexiou Antonios , Bouras Christos , Kokkinos Vasileios , Papazois Andreas , Tsichritzis George 
Published: August 2011

SUMMARYLong term evolution constitutes the next generation cellular network beyond 3G that is designed to support the explosion in demand for bandwidth‐hungry multimedia services in wireless networks by providing an extremely high performance radio access technology. To support multimedia broadcast/multicast services (MBMS), long term evolution offers the functionality to transmit MBMS over a single frequency network, where a time‐synchronized common waveform is transmitted from multiple cells for a given duration. This enables over‐the‐air combining, thus significantly improving the spectral efficiency (SE) compared with conventional MBMS operations. In MBMS over a single frequency network transmissions, the achieved SE is mainly determined by the modulation and coding scheme selected. This study proposes and evaluates four approaches for the selection of the modulation and coding scheme. Each approach corresponds to different users' distribution and multimedia traffic conditions. On the basis of SE measurements, we determine the approach that either maximizes or achieves a target SE for the corresponding users' distribution and traffic conditions. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An optimal energy‐efficient clustering method in wireless sensor networks using multi‐objective genetic algorithm
Authors: Peiravi Ali , Mashhadi Habib Rajabi , Hamed Javadi S. 
Published: August 2011

SUMMARYIn this study, an optimal method of clustering homogeneous wireless sensor networks using a multi‐objective two‐nested genetic algorithm is presented. The top level algorithm is a multi‐objective genetic algorithm (GA) whose goal is to obtain clustering schemes in which the network lifetime is optimized for different delay values. The low level GA is used in each cluster in order to get the most efficient topology for data transmission from sensor nodes to the cluster head. The presented clustering method is not restrictive, whereas existing intelligent clustering methods impose certain conditions such as performing two‐tiered clustering. A random deployed model is used to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm. In addition, a comparison is made between the presented algorithm other GA‐based clustering methods and the Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy protocol. The results obtained indicate that using the proposed method, the network's lifetime would be extended much more than it would be when using the other methods. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Focused attention, heart rate deceleration, and cognitive development in preterm and full‐term infants
Authors: Petrie Thomas Julianne H. , Whitfield Michael F. , Oberlander Tim F. , Synnes Anne R. , Grunau Ruth E. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe majority of children who are born very preterm escape major impairment, yet more subtle cognitive and attention problems are very common in this population. Previous research has linked infant focused attention during exploratory play to later cognition in children born full‐term and preterm. Infant focused attention can be indexed by sustained decreases in heart rate (HR). However there are no preterm studies that have jointly examined infant behavioral attention and concurrent HR response during exploratory play in relation to developing cognition. We recruited preterm infants free from neonatal conditions associated with major adverse outcomes, and further excluded infants with developmental delay (Bayley Mental Development Index [MDI < 70]) at 8 months corrected age (CA). During infant exploratory play at 8 months CA, focused attention and concurrent HR response were compared in 83 preterm infants (born 23–32 weeks gestational age [GA]) who escaped major impairment to 46 full‐term infants. Focused attention and HR response were then examined in relation to Bayley MDI, after adjusting for neonatal risk. MDI did not differ by group, yet full‐term infants displayed higher global focused attention ratings. Among the extremely preterm infants born <29 weeks, fewer days on mechanical ventilation, mean longest focus, and greater HR deceleration during focused attention episodes, accounted for 49% of adjusted variance in predicting concurrent MDI. There were no significant associations for later‐born gestational age (29–32 weeks) or full‐term infants. Among extremely preterm infants who escape major impairment, our findings suggest unique relationships between focused attention, HR deceleration, and developing cognition. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 54:383–400, 2012.
Attachment security and HPA axis reactivity to positive and challenging emotional situations in child–mother dyads in naturalistic settings
Authors: Roque Lisa , Veríssimo Manuela , Oliveira Tania F. , Oliveira Rui F. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThis study investigated adrenocortical activity in response to different challenging and positive affect emotional contexts in child–mother dyads, as function of attachment security (children's secure base behaviors and mothers' attachment representations). Fifty‐one children ranging in age from 18 to 26 months and their mothers participated in this study. Secure children showed significant increases in their cortisol levels after fear episodes and significant decreases, after positive affect ones. No significant changes were found for frustration/anger episodes. Insecure children did not show significant differences in cortisol levels in any of the episodes, which suggests that insecure attachment may be related to hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis suppression in response to challenging and positive contexts. Mothers of insecure children showed significantly higher cortisol concentrations in pre‐ and post‐session samples, than mothers of secure children. Mothers' personal attachment representations influenced their own cortisol responses, as well as their children's (in a marginal significant way). © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 54:401–411, 2012.
Increased expression of Syne1/nesprin‐1 facilitates nuclear envelope structure changes in embryonic stem cell differentiation
Authors: Smith Elizabeth R. , Zhang Xiao‐Ying , Capo‐Chichi Callinice D. , Chen Xiongwen , Xu Xiang‐Xi 
Published: August 2011

AbstractWe found by electron microscopy that the inter‐membrane space of embryonic stem cells is irregular and generally wider than in differentiated cells. Among a panel of nuclear envelope structural proteins examined, the expression of Syne1/nesprin‐1 was found to be greatly induced upon differentiation. Down‐regulation of Syne1 by siRNA in differentiated embryonic stem cells caused the nuclear envelope to adopt a configuration resembling that found in undifferentiated embryonic stem cells. Suppression of Syne1 expression did not produce a detectable impact on the retinoic acid–induced differentiation of embryonic stem cells; however, forced expression of Syne1 enhanced the tendency of the cells to lose pluripotency. Thus, we found that low expression of Syne1 splicing isoforms accounts for the wider and irregular nuclear envelope inter‐membrane space in embryonic stem cells. We conclude that the nuclear envelope structural change accompanying differentiation likely participates in promoting the differential chromatin organization of the differentiated cells. Developmental Dynamics 240:2245–2255, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Octahedral Molybdenum(0) Monodinitrogen Complexes Facially Coordinated by the Tripodal Ligand 1,1,1‐Tris(diphenylphosphanylmethyl)ethane – Influence of Diphosphane Coligands on the Activation of N2
Authors: Krahmer Jan , Broda Henning , Näther Christian , Peters Gerhard , Thimm Wulf , Tuczek Felix 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe synthesis and physicochemical properties of the new molybdenum dinitrogen complexes [Mo(N2)(tdppme)(dmpm)] (2) and [Mo(N2)(tdppme)(dppm)] (3) are reported. Complexes 2 and 3 are facially coordinated by the tripodal ligand 1,1,1‐tris(diphenylphosphanylmethyl)ethane (tdppme) and contain the bidentate coligands bis(dimethylphosphanyl)methane (dmpm) and bis(diphenylphosphanyl)methane (dppm), respectively. They are accessible by amalgam reduction of the MoIII precursor [MoBr3(tdppme)] (1) under nitrogen in the presence of dppm and dmpm, respectively. Protonation of 2 with trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (triflic acid, HOTf) leads to the NNH2 complex [Mo(NNH2)(tdppme)(dmpm)](OTf)2 (4) with retention of the pentaphosphane coordination. The structural, electronic and vibrational properties of 2, 3 and 4 have been investigated by NMR, IR and Raman spectroscopy coupled with DFT calculations. The crystal structure of 2 has been determined and is discussed in relation to the calculated structures of 2 and 3. The results of the investigations are compared with those obtained earlier for the pentaphosphane complexes [Mo(N2)(dpepp)(dppm)] and [Mo(NNH2)(dpepp)(dppm)](OTf)2 [dpepp = bis(diphenylphosphanylethyl)phenylphosphane].
Systematic Expansion of Supercubane Cores in Manganese Oxo Clusters with Tricarboxylate Ligands
Authors: Okui Yayoi , Catusanu Florina Aurelia , Kubota Ryoko , Kure Bunsho , Nakajima Takayuki , Tanase Tomoaki , Kajiwara Takashi , Mikuriya Masahiro , Miyasaka Hitoshi , Yamashita Masahiro 
Published: August 2011

AbstractA novel class of high‐nuclearity Mn17 and Mn19 mixed‐valent complexes, [Mn17(μ‐O)12(μ‐OMe)2(μ‐kta)6(MeOH)4] (1), [Mn17(μ‐O)14(μ‐kta)6L4] [L = bpy (2a), phen (2b), 4,7‐Ph2phen (2c), dmf (3)], and [Mn19(μ‐O)14(μ‐kta)6(bpy)6]X3 [X = PF6 (4a), BF4 (4b)], were synthesized by utilizing Kemp's tricarboxylate ligands (H3kta = cis,cis‐1,3,5‐trimethylcyclohexane‐1,3,5‐tricarboxylic acid). The complexes were characterized by X‐ray crystallography and reveal mineralomimetic Mn13 supercubane units, [Mn13(μ‐O)14], in which their oxidation states systematically altered, depending on their vertex face‐capping ligands and MnII satellite fragments. Complex 2a was converted by treatment with benzoic acid and [Mn2O2(bpy)4](BF4)3 to a cage‐type Mn14 complex, [Mn14(μ‐O)12(μ‐OH)6(μ‐Hkta)6(bpy)6](BF4)4 (5), which show ferro‐ and antiferromagnetic interactions and slow magnetic relaxation at low temperature.
Lipid storage: Yeast we can!
Authors: Athenstaedt Karin , Daum Günther 
Published: August 2011

AbstractWaste not, want not! This saying also applies to the yeast. In times of excess this microorganism synthesizes non‐polar lipids, triacylglycerols (TAG) and steryl esters (SE), which serve as energy source and/or as a source of building blocks for the formation of membrane phospholipids when nutriments become limiting. Due to the lack of charged groups substantial amounts of non‐polar lipids cannot be incorporated into cellular membranes, whereas the hydrophobic nature of these molecules also deprives cytosolic localization. Consequently, TAG and SE are stored in specialized compartments known as lipid particles or lipid droplets. TAG synthases and SE synthases which catalyze the final steps in storage lipid formation occur redundantly. Hydrolytic enzymes, TAG lipases and SE hydrolases, initiate the breakdown of storage lipids and make sterols, diacylglycerols, and free fatty acids available for anabolic processes and energy production. In this paper we describe routes of non‐polar lipid metabolism, focus on molecular properties of enzymes involved and discuss regulatory aspects of the respective pathways. The value of the yeast as a eukaryotic model system is advocated.
Oxidative stability of 70% fish oil‐in‐water emulsions: Impact of emulsifiers and pH
Authors: Horn Anna Frisenfeldt , Nielsen Nina Skall , Andersen Ulf , Søgaard Louise Helene , Horsewell Andy , Jacobsen Charlotte 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of five different emulsifiers on lipid oxidation in 70% fish oil‐in‐water emulsions to be used as delivery systems for long chain polyunsaturated omega‐3 fatty acids to foods. The emulsifiers were either phospholipid (PL) based or protein based. The PL‐based emulsifiers were soy lecithin and two milk PL concentrates (with either 20 or 75% PL). The protein‐based emulsifiers were whey protein isolate and sodium caseinate. Lipid oxidation was studied at two pH values (pH 4.5 and 7.0) and results were compared to lipid oxidation in neat fish oil. Lipid oxidation was followed by determination of peroxide values and volatile oxidation products. Emulsions were furthermore imaged by confocal and cryo‐scanning electron microscopy. Results showed that emulsions prepared at high pH with proteins oxidized less than or equally to neat oil, whereas, all other emulsions oxidized more. In addition, there was a tendency toward a faster progression in lipid oxidation at low pH compared to high pH for emulsions prepared with protein‐based emulsifiers. The opposite was observed for emulsions prepared with PL‐based emulsifiers. Hence, at low pH PL‐based emulsions may be more suitable as delivery systems than protein‐based emulsions. Moreover, the quality of the PL‐based emulsifiers seemed to affect lipid oxidation.Practical applications: Results from the present study give an insight into the physical and oxidative stability of 70% fish oil‐in‐water emulsions prepared with whey protein isolate, sodium caseinate, milk phospholipids, or soy lecithin. The emulsions can be used as delivery systems for fish oil to foods. However, only emulsions prepared with proteins at high pH offered advantages with respect to better oxidative stability during storage compared to neat fish oil. Thus, when fish oil is added to a food product in a delivery emulsion, the type of emulsion used should be carefully considered.