bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors affecting the sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors‐related initial decline in glomerular filtration rate and its possible effect on kidney outcome in chronic kidney disease with type 2 diabetes: The Japan Chronic Kidney Disease Database
Authors: Kanaoka Tomohiko , Wakui Hiromichi , Yano Yuichiro , Nagasu Hajime , Kanegae Hiroshi , Nangaku Masaomi , Hirakawa Yosuke , Nakagawa Naoki , Wada Jun , Tsuruya Kazuhiko , Nakano Toshiaki , Maruyama Shoichi , Wada Takashi , Konishi Masaaki , Nagahiro Takanori , Yamagata Kunihiro , Narita Ichiei , Yanagita Motoko , Terada Yoshio , Araki Shinichi , Emoto Masanori , Okada Hirokazu , Isaka Yoshitaka , Suzuki Yusuke , Yokoo Takashi , Kataoka Hiromi , Kanda Eiichiro , Kashihara Naoki , Tamura Kouichi ,   for the J‐CKD‐DB investigators
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimSodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors often cause a transient decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) shortly after the initiation, referred to as the ‘initial drop’. However, the clinical significance of this initial drop in real‐world practice remains unclear.Materials and MethodsUsing the nationwide Japan Chronic Kidney Disease Database, we examined factors that affected the initial drop, in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We also evaluated the effects of the initial drop on a composite kidney outcome (a decline in GFR of ≥50% or progression to end‐stage kidney disease).ResultsData from 2053 patients with CKD and T2DM newly prescribed an SGLT2 inhibitor were analysed. The follow‐up period after SGLT2 inhibitor administration was 1015 days (interquartile range: 532, 1678). Multivariate linear regression models revealed that the concomitant use of the renin‐angiotensin system inhibitors and diuretics, urinary protein levels ≥2+, and changes in GFR before the initiation of the SGLT2 inhibitor were associated with a larger initial GFR decline (β = −0.609, p = .039; β = −2.298, p < .001; β = −0.936, p = .048; β = −0.079, p < .001, respectively). Patients in the quartile with the largest initial GFR decline experienced a higher incidence of the subsequent composite kidney outcome than those in the other quartiles (p < .001).ConclusionsThe concomitant use of renin‐angiotensin system inhibitors and diuretics, higher urine protein levels and pre‐treatment GFR changes were associated with a larger initial GFR decline. Of these factors, the use of a diuretic had the largest effect. Furthermore, patients with CKD and T2DM experiencing an excessive initial GFR drop might be at a higher risk of adverse kidney outcomes.
Underpaid, undervalued, and overworked: The working conditions of cooks in India's school lunch programme
Authors: Whittaker Lana 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMotivationSchool feeding programmes employ more than 4 million people globally and have the potential to contribute to the realization of multiple Sustainable Development Goals, including decent work and reducing inequalities. However, the working conditions and experiences of workers in these programmes have received little attention from academics and policy‐makers alike. Consequently, it is currently unclear what the impacts of the employment generated are and whether this employment reduces or perpetuates inequalities.PurposeThis article examines the extent to which school feeding programmes can generate beneficial employment by examining the experiences of cooks in the world's largest school lunch programme, India's Midday Meal Scheme. The article focuses on five key areas: who is employed; their pay; their workload; their access to social protection; and the effects of privatization.Approach and methodsTo examine these five areas, data from three sources are combined: primary data collected in Rajasthan; state‐level secondary data; and the analysis of national‐level documents.FindingsThe findings show that national policy creates a system in which cooks in the Midday Meal Scheme are underpaid, undervalued, and overworked. These working conditions are underpinned by a series of assumptions and narratives which are all too common in perceptions of care work: that the work is unskilled, not time consuming, and motivated by altruism. The state's lack of regard for these workers is evident in the growing privatization of the scheme.Policy implicationsOverall, the findings show that policy on school feeding programmes, including those in India, needs to ensure that those working in the scheme are treated as employees and receive sufficient pay and benefits. Providing decent work in these programmes has the potential to not only reduce poverty and inequalities but also to improve the implementation of school feeding programmes.
How much can hospital‐level interventions improve maternal health? Evidence from state Perinatal Quality Collaboratives
Authors: Kiser Jessica 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOver the last 20 years, nearly all states have adopted Perinatal Quality Collaboratives (PQCs), which set guidelines for hospitals to provide higher standards of prenatal care. In this paper, I use individual‐level natality data from 1989 to 2019 and a stacked difference in differences design comparing maternal and infant health outcomes in US states that have recently established a PQC to those that have not yet established one. Estimates indicate that PQCs decrease eclampsia, with the effect driven by Black mothers. Evidence also shows that PQCs reduce intensive care unit admissions for mothers.
Lung cancer computed tomography image classification using Attention based Capsule Network with dispersed dynamic routing
Authors: Paramasivam Ramya , Patil Sujata N. , Konda Srinivas , Hemalatha K. L. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLung cancer is relying as one of the significant and leading cause for the deaths which are based on cancer. So, an effective diagnosis is a crucial step to save the patients who are all dying due to lung cancer. Moreover, the diagnosis must be performed based on the severity of lung cancer and the severity can be addressed with the help of an optimal classification approach. So, this research introduced an Attention based Capsule Network (A‐Caps Net) with dispersed dynamic routing to perform in‐depth classification of the disease affected partitions of the image and results in better classification results. The attention layer with dispersed dynamic routing evaluates the digit capsule from feature vector in a constant manner. As the first stage, data acquisitioned from datasets such as Lung Nodule Analysis‐16 (LUNA‐16), The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA) dataset and Lung Image Database Consortium and Image Database Resource Initiative (LIDC‐IDRI). After acquisitioning data, pre‐processing is done to enhance the resolution of the image using Generative Adversarial Network. The pre‐processed output is given as output for extraction of features that takes place using GLCM and VGG‐16 which extracts the low level features and high level features respectively. Finally, categorization of lung cancer is performed using Attention based Capsule Network (A‐Caps Net) with dispersed dynamic routing which categorize the lung cancer as benign and malignant. The results obtained through experimental analysis exhibits that proposed approach attained better accuracy of 99.57%, 99.91% and 99.29% for LUNA‐16, LIDC‐IDRI and TCIA dataset respectively. The classification accuracy achieved by the proposed approach for LUNA‐16 dataset is 99.57% which is comparably higher than DBN, 3D CNN, Squeeze Nodule Net and 3D‐DCNN with multi‐layered filter with accuracies of 99.16%, 97.17% and 94.1% respectively.
Interspecific and intraspecific difference in egg size of two mackerel (Scomber spp.) species in relation to sea surface temperature in the western North Pacific: A new approach to species identification
Authors: Watai Mikio , Yasuda Tohya , Kinoshita Junji , Nyuji Mitsuo , Nagai Satoshi , Takasuka Akinori , Yoneda Michio 
Published: May 2024

AbstractChub mackerel (Scomber japonicus, Scombridae) and blue mackerel (Scomber australasicus) are two important fishery resources in the western North Pacific that spawn eggs during the same season. Although estimating the total egg production (TEP) is important for evaluating the spawning stock biomass of mackerel species, it is difficult to accurately identify formalin‐preserved eggs collected during ichthyoplankton surveys. Hence, a new identification criterion that incorporates the effects of water temperature on egg size was developed in this study. The diameter of 37,304 mackerel eggs collected over 16 years (2006–2021) was measured, and frequency distributions of egg size across sea surface temperature (SST) ranges at 1°C interval were constructed. The frequency distributions were classified into two groups using a Gaussian mixture model; based on the results of DNA analysis, the small group was chub mackerel, while the large group was blue mackerel. The SST at the sampling stations and the mean egg size of both groups were negatively correlated. The new identification criterion, incorporating the relationship between SST and egg size, provided reasonable estimates of the TEP of the two mackerel species compared with the conventional criterion. The new species identification approach is applicable to other fish taxa in the western North Pacific.
Extinction selectivity obscures patterns of trait‐dependent endangerment in Columbiformes
Authors: Martínez‐Rubio Natàlia , Sayol Ferran , Lapiedra Oriol 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimUnderstanding how extinction has occurred in the recent past is crucial to unravel its main drivers as well as to implement effective conservation practices to minimize global biodiversity loss. It has long been hypothesized that extinction risk is not randomly distributed among traits of species. However, the actual traits making species more prone to extinction may have been overlooked because already extinct species are often not considered in comparative analyses of extinction risk. We characterized the drivers of extinction in a cosmopolitan bird clade, including Holocene and contemporary extinctions potentially related to human impacts and provided evidence of an ‘extinction selectivity’ in species traits.LocationGlobal.Time periodAnthropocene.Major taxa studiedColumbiformes clade, pigeons and doves.MethodsWe constructed a new phylogenetic hypothesis of the Columbiformes, a cosmopolitan bird clade consisting of 33 recently extinct and 351 extant species. Then, we integrated data on geography, behaviour and morphology to reveal the drivers of extinction risk. We used phylogenetic generalized least square models to test the effect of geography, behaviour and morphology in the risk of extinction and identified differences in the drivers of extinction when including versus excluding recently extinct species.ResultsOur analysis revealed that Columbiformes endemic to islands with ground‐foraging habits, weak flying abilities, migratory behaviour and larger body sizes are more vulnerable to extinction. Our results also show that excluding recently extinct species identifies extinction drivers different from those when including recently extinct species.Main conclusionsOnly by accurately identifying the traits that increase extinction risk we can develop targeted conservation measures that promote the long‐term persistence of threatened species. Extinction selectivity has important implications for the conservation of biological communities and ultimately ecosystem functioning, considering the critical role Columbiformes often play as seed dispersers.
Dataset for reporting of the invasive carcinoma of the breast: recommendations from the International Collaboration on Cancer Reporting (ICCR)
Authors: Ellis Ian , Webster Fleur , Allison Kimberly H , Dang Chau , Gobbi Helenice , Kulka Janina , Lakhani Sunil R , Moriya Takuya , Quinn Cecily M , Sapino Anna , Schnitt Stuart , Sibbering D Mark , Slodkowska Elzbieta , Yang Wentao , Tan Puay H 
Published: May 2024

Background and ObjectivesCurrent national or regional guidelines for the pathology reporting on invasive breast cancer differ in certain aspects, resulting in divergent reporting practice and a lack of comparability of data. Here we report on a new international dataset for the pathology reporting of resection specimens with invasive cancer of the breast. The dataset was produced under the auspices of the International Collaboration on Cancer Reporting (ICCR), a global alliance of major (inter‐)national pathology and cancer organizations.Methods and ResultsThe established ICCR process for dataset development was followed. An international expert panel consisting of breast pathologists, a surgeon, and an oncologist prepared a draft set of core and noncore data items based on a critical review and discussion of current evidence. Commentary was provided for each data item to explain the rationale for selecting it as a core or noncore element, its clinical relevance, and to highlight potential areas of disagreement or lack of evidence, in which case a consensus position was formulated. Following international public consultation, the document was finalized and ratified, and the dataset, which includes a synoptic reporting guide, was published on the ICCR website.ConclusionsThis first international dataset for invasive cancer of the breast is intended to promote high‐quality, standardized pathology reporting. Its widespread adoption will improve consistency of reporting, facilitate multidisciplinary communication, and enhance comparability of data, all of which will help to improve the management of invasive breast cancer patients.
A systematic review of the management of eosinophilic dermatosis of hematological malignancy
Authors: Tan Stephanie , Choong Dean Jeremy , Tan Ernest 
Published: May 2024

AbstractEosinophilic dermatosis of hematologic malignancy (EDHM) is a cutaneous manifestation seen in patients with hematoproliferative and lymphoproliferative disorders, most commonly chronic lymphocytic leukemia. This systematic review aimed to summarize the therapeutic interventions of EDHM. A comprehensive search yielded 71 studies, predominantly case reports and series. The most frequently reported modalities were systemic and topical corticosteroids, as well as treatment of the underlying malignancy. Responses to these treatments varied. Targeted therapies, including dupilumab and omalizumab, showed promise, as did other modalities such as montelukast, dapsone, doxycycline, and phototherapy. Higher‐quality studies should be conducted to facilitate higher‐quality management recommendations for EDHM.
Telehealth‐based pre‐operative education session for robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy patients—A 2‐year follow‐up study
Authors: Diocera Marc , Catalan Tiphany , Medhurst Elizabeth , Chen Kenneth , Murphy Declan G. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroduction and ObjectivesAs a quality improvement initiative, our institution's pre‐operative education program for patients undergoing robotic radical prostatectomy (Robocare) was changed into a telehealth‐based program (Tele‐Robocare). During the pre‐surgery evaluation process, tele‐Robocare was deemed useful (92%) and adequate (100%) in addressing pre‐operative needs of patients. Follow‐up was deemed necessary to compare patient feedback post‐surgery.Materials and Methods2 years since the complete adoption of the Tele‐Robocare program in our institution, a follow‐up study was conducted on the participants who attended the original quality improvement initiative (n = 147). An 8‐question survey was created via Redcap. A survey link was sent to all participants: 144 via email link and 3 via QR code sent via postal mail. All responses were logged onto the Redcap database.ResultsA total of 87 patients (59.2%) completed the survey. 86 patients completed the survey via email link and 1 patient accessed the survey via the mailed QR code.The percentage of patients who found Tele‐Robocare useful in the following sections are: pre‐surgery preparation (90%), discharge care (89%), catheter care (82%), follow‐up (93%), troubleshooting (80%).When asked about what should remain as a part of the program handout and presentation, the findings were similar: pre‐surgery preparation (94%), hospital stay information (92%), discharge information (93%), follow‐up (90%), access to allied health (90%). The most requested topics that needed additional emphasis were sexual health (n = 5) and impact on mental health (n = 3).78% agree or strongly agree that telehealth was sufficient in receiving patient education programs such as Tele‐Robocare. The most common advice from patients (n = 25) to improve the patient experience and sense of preparedness was to actively seek additional information from the healthcare team, patients and/or patient advocates.ConclusionTele‐Robocare is now the standard method in delivering pre‐prostatectomy patient education in our institution. However, these follow‐up findings highlight the importance of sufficient follow‐up and support of patients after surgery as their needs change along with their recovery and outcomes.
Efficacy of antipsychotics in delusional infestation
Authors: Tang Paul K. , Lepping Peter , Lepping Sophie G. , Noorthoorn Eric O. , Squire Stephen B. , Mohandas Padma , Bewley Anthony 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundData remain scarce for the first‐line antipsychotic choice in treating delusional infestation (DI).ObjectivesWe evaluated the treatment responses associated with different antipsychotics in DI patients.MethodsWe undertook a multicentre, retrospective observational study using anonymised electronic patient records from two hospitals in the United Kingdom from 1 January 2011 to 1 January 2023. Eligible participants were adults (≥18 years) diagnosed with DI treated with an antipsychotic, and had both an assigned baseline and follow‐up Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI‐S) score. The CGI‐S is a validated psychiatric research tool. Participants were excluded if they had known limited or non‐adherence to an antipsychotic, or if no CGI‐S scores were present at follow‐up. First clinic visits before the initiation of an antipsychotic were assigned as the baseline CGI‐S score. The last available CGI‐S score before the patient either changed antipsychotic or left the clinic for any reason was used to assign follow‐up CGI‐S scores. The primary outcome was the response to each individual antipsychotic treatment, measured by the difference in the baseline and last available follow‐up CGI‐S scores. Differences in CGI‐S changes between antipsychotic episodes were tested by analysis of variance (ANOVA).ResultsIn total, 414 patient records were analysed, and data were extracted. The mean age was 61.8 years (SD 14.1). One hundred seventy (41%) of 414 patients were men and 244 (59%) were women. In total, 156 (38%) of 414 patients were eligible, yielding a total of 315 antipsychotic prescribing episodes. The ANOVA, ranking in order of treatment response, showed that the highest mean score (expressing highest treatment response) was observed in amisulpride (31 [67%] of 46) and risperidone (95 [57%] of 167), followed by some distance by quetiapine (9 [36%] of 25), aripiprazole (13 [28%] of 46) and olanzapine (7 [25%] of 28).ConclusionsAmisulpride and risperidone were associated with a higher treatment response than quetiapine, aripiprazole and olanzapine. Amisulpride and risperidone should therefore be considered the first‐line treatment options in DI patients.
Histological analysis and etiology of a pathological iguanodontian femur from England
Authors: Bertozzo Filippo , Stein Koen , Varotto Elena , Galassi Francesco M. , Ruffell Alastair , Murphy Eileen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDerived ornithopods, such as hadrosaurids, show a high occurrence of fossilized lesions and diseases. However, paleopathologies in iguanodontians seem to be less common, considering the rich fossil record of these taxa in Europe, in particular in Belgium, Britain and Spain. Here, we describe an iguanodontian femur discovered in England that exhibits a large overgrowth of its lateral aspect, not previously recognized in any other similar remains. The specimen was scanned with micro‐computed tomography (microCT) and later sectioned in three sites of the overgrowth for histological analysis. The femur belongs to an early adult Iguanodontia indet., based on the presence of a woven parallel fibered complex in the outer cortex and three to four lines of arrested growth. Internal analysis of the dome‐like overgrowth suggests it can be diagnosed as a fracture callus. The injury might have negatively impacted upon the animal's locomotion as the trauma had occurred in the region above the knee, a crucial spot for hindlimb musculature. Finally, a cancellous medullary bone‐like tissue was recognized in the medullary cavity next to the pathological overgrowth. An attempt was made to determine the precise nature of this tissue, as medullary bone is linked with the ovulation period in (avian) dinosaurs, whereas other types of endosteal, medullary bone‐like tissue have previously been recognized in pathological bones.
Pregnancy‐associated atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Case report
Authors: Barrera‐Hoffmann Christopher , Mariaca‐Ortíz Yadira , Ruiz‐Villa Josué Giovani , Cuevas‐Cruz Lesllie Eugenia , López‐Mendoza María del Rosario , Briones‐Garduño Jesús Carlos 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPregnancy‐associated atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (P‐aHUS) is a rare disease. There are only few reports in the literature, and most are in the puerperium period. It is a thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) characterized for microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and renal dysfunction. We report the case of a pregnant patient at 26.3 gestation weeks, who developed clinical features of TMA, neurological alterations, and septic shock; then after fetus and placental delivery, no clinical improvement was observed; a diagnostic protocol was performed due to suspicion of P‐aHUS, showing improvement after the plasma exchange sessions and eculizumab. We present here a brief review of the case since it is an entity that needs to be suspected during pregnancy when TMA features and requires an immediate diagnosis to provide timely treatment.