bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dietary Caffeine and Brain Dopaminergic Function in Parkinson Disease
Authors: Saarinen Emmi K , Kuusimäki Tomi , Lindholm Kari , Niemi Kalle , Honkanen Emma A , Noponen Tommi , Seppänen Marko , Ihalainen Toni , Murtomäki Kirsi , Mertsalmi Tuomas , Jaakkola Elina , Myller Elina , Eklund Mikael , Nuuttila Simo , Levo Reeta , Chaudhuri Kallol Ray , Antonini Angelo , Vahlberg Tero , Lehtonen Marko , Joutsa Juho , Scheperjans Filip , Kaasinen Valtteri 
Published: May 2024

ObjectiveThis study was undertaken to investigate the effects of dietary caffeine intake on striatal dopamine function and clinical symptoms in Parkinson disease in a cross‐sectional and longitudinal setting.MethodsOne hundred sixty‐three early Parkinson disease patients and 40 healthy controls were investigated with [123I]FP‐CIT single photon emission computed tomography, and striatal dopamine transporter binding was evaluated in association with the level of daily coffee consumption and clinical measures. After a median interval of 6.1 years, 44 patients with various caffeine consumption levels underwent clinical and imaging reexamination including blood caffeine metabolite profiling.ResultsUnmedicated early Parkinson disease patients with high coffee consumption had 8.3 to 15.4% lower dopamine transporter binding in all studied striatal regions than low consumers, after accounting for age, sex, and motor symptom severity. Higher caffeine consumption was further associated with a progressive decline in striatal binding over time. No significant effects of caffeine on motor function were observed. Blood analyses demonstrated a positive correlation between caffeine metabolites after recent caffeine intake and dopamine transporter binding in the ipsilateral putamen.InterpretationChronic caffeine intake prompts compensatory and cumulative dopamine transporter downregulation, consistent with caffeine's reported risk reduction in Parkinson disease. However, this decline does not manifest in symptom changes. Transiently increased dopamine transporter binding after recent caffeine intake has implications for dopaminergic imaging guidelines. ANN NEUROL 2024;96:262–275
Anion Modulation of Ag‐Imidazole Cuboctahedral Cage Microenvironments for Efficient Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction
Authors: Yang Wenqian , Mo Qijie , He Qi‐Ting , Li Xiang‐Ping , Xue Ziqian , Lu Yu‐Lin , Chen Jie , Zheng Kai , Fan Yanan , Li Guangqin , Su Cheng‐Yong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHow to achieve CO2 electroreduction in high efficiency is a current challenge with the mechanism not well understood yet. The metal‐organic cages with multiple metal sites, tunable active centers, and well‐defined microenvironments may provide a promising catalyst model. Here, we report self‐assembly of Ag4L4 type cuboctahedral cages from coordination dynamic Ag+ ion and triangular imidazolyl ligand 1,3,5‐tris(1‐benzylbenzimidazol‐2‐yl) benzene (Ag‐MOC‐X, X=NO3, ClO4, BF4) via anion template effect. Notably, Ag‐MOC‐NO3 achieves the highest CO faradaic efficiency in pH‐universal electrolytes of 86.1 % (acidic), 94.1 % (neutral) and 95.3 % (alkaline), much higher than those of Ag‐MOC‐ClO4 and Ag‐MOC‐BF4 with just different counter anions. In situ attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy observes formation of vital intermediate *COOH for CO2‐to‐CO conversion. The density functional theory calculations suggest that the adsorption of CO2 on unsaturated Ag‐site is stabilized by C−H⋅⋅⋅O hydrogen‐bonding of CO2 in a microenvironment surrounded by three benzimidazole rings, and the activation of CO2 is dependent on the coordination dynamics of Ag‐centers modulated by the hosted anions through Ag⋅⋅⋅X interactions. This work offers a supramolecular electrocatalytic strategy based on Ag‐coordination geometry and host–guest interaction regulation of MOCs as high‐efficient electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction to CO which is a key intermediate in chemical industry process.
Structural, morphological, and dielectric properties of poly(vinylidene fluoride)/(Bi0.5Ba0.25Sr0.25) (La0.5Ti0.5) O3 composites
Authors: Nath Nitesh Kumar , Mohanta Rashmi Rekha , Parida R. K. , Parida B. N. , Nayak Nimai C. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFerroelectric flexible polymer composite films of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) with different weight percentages (10.0%, 20.0%, 30.0%, 40.0%, and 50.0%) of (Bi0.5Ba0.25Sr0.25) (La0.5Ti0.5) O3 were synthesized by solvent casting method. Analysis using the x‐ray diffractometer and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy tools revealed the presence of the different phases (α, β) of PVDF. Scanning electron microscope morphology illustrates the homogenous dispersion of ceramics particles in the matrix. The differential scanning calorimetry curve (under 25–400°C) gives the value of melting temperature (Tm=169.98°C) and percentage crystallinity is about 29.45% for 50 wt.% composite. The findings demonstrated that the composite has good thermal stability up to 169.98°C. Dielectric analysis shows ferroelectric and dielectric behavior and also distinguishes α and β phases of PVDF. It was found that the composite film containing 50 wt.% (Bi0.5Ba0.25Sr0.25) (La0.5Ti0.5) O3 had a dielectric constant (εr) of 38 (at 100 Hz) and dielectric loss of 0.059, which are the maximum among the samples. The relative permittivity rises with an increase in filler content due to electrostatics and interfacial polarization between PVDF (CH2CF2 dipole) and ceramic. The real and imaginary part of impedance spectroscopy with frequency (Cole–Cole plots) for composite (10.0–50.0 wt.%) at 25°C are also investigated. The current study provides a fresh perspective on the fact that PVDF‐(Bi0.5Ba0.25Sr0.25) (La0.5Ti0.5) O3 composite system has improved thermal stability and dielectric characteristics.
Impact of Glucocorticoid Dose on Complete Response, Serious Infections, and Mortality During the Initial Therapy of Lupus Nephritis: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of the Control Arms of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Figueroa‐Parra Gabriel , Cuéllar‐Gutiérrez María C. , González‐Treviño Mariana , Sanchez‐Rodriguez Alain , Flores‐Gouyonnet Jaime , Meade‐Aguilar José A. , Prokop Larry J. , Murad M. Hassan , Dall'Era María , Rovin Brad H. , Houssiau Frédéric , Tamirou Farah , Fervenza Fernando C. , Crowson Cynthia S. , Putman Michael S. , Duarte‐García Alí 
Published: May 2024

ObjectiveOur objective was to evaluate the effect of glucocorticoid regimens on renal response, infections, and mortality among patients with lupus nephritis (LN).MethodsWe performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis of the control arms of randomized clinical trials (RCTs). We included RCTs of biopsy‐proven LN that used a protocolized regimen of glucocorticoids in combination with mycophenolic acid analogs or cyclophosphamide and reported the outcomes of complete response (CR), serious infections, and death. The starting dosage of glucocorticoids, tapering method, and administration of glucocorticoid pulses were abstracted. Meta‐analysis of proportions, meta‐regression, and subgroup meta‐analysis were performed at 6 and 12 months for all outcomes.ResultsFifty RCT arms (3,231 patients with LN) were included. The predicted rates of CR, serious infections, and death when starting on oral prednisone at 25 mg/day without pulses were 19.5% (95% confidence interval [CI] 7.3–31.5), 3.2% (95% CI 2.4–4.0), and 0.2% (95% CI 0.0–0.4), respectively. Starting on prednisone at 60 mg/day (without pulses) increased the rates to 34.6% (95% CI 16.9–52.3), 12.1% (95% CI 9.3–14.9), and 2.7% (95% CI 0.0–5.3), respectively. Adding glucocorticoid pulses increased the rates of CR and death but not serious infections. We observed a dose–response gradient between the initial glucocorticoid dosage and all the outcomes at six months after accounting for the administration of glucocorticoid pulses, underlying immunosuppressant, and baseline proteinuria.ConclusionA higher exposure to glucocorticoids during the initial therapy of LN was associated with better renal outcomes at the cost of increased infections and death.
Self‐Extinguishing and Low‐Cost Quasi‐Solid Polymer Electrolyte for Room Temperature Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Hu Xue‐Tong , Chen Shuang , Wang Peng‐Fei , Wu Yuhan , Shi Fa‐Nian , Zhang Yu‐Hang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMost modification strategies of polyethylene oxide (PEO)‐based solid polymer electrolyte focus on improving the room temperature ionic conductivity, while disregarding its inherent flammability that poses substantial safety hazard. Herein, a self‐extinguishing quasi‐solid‐state polymer electrolyte (PTTF‐SPE), which combines excellent room temperature electrochemical properties and high safety, has been developed by introducing triethyl phosphate (TEP) as a low‐cost and highly effective flame retardant. The cross‐linking structure derived from −CH2−CH2−O− segments of tetramethylene glycol dimethyl ether (TEGDME) and PEO makes a contribution to a high amorphous state of polymer. A robust solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formed by preferential decomposition of fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) that acts as a film‐forming additive, which can prevent TEP from degradation at lithium metal anode. The optimized PTTF‐SPE exhibits high ionic conductivity (0.54×10−3 S/cm) and lithium transference number (0.71) at room temperature. The LiFePO4||Li battery demonstrates excellent cycle life over 500 cycles at 0.5 C with a high average discharge capacity of 131 mAh/g. A symmetric Li||Li battery that operating for 850 hours indicates a good compatibility of PTTF‐SPE towards lithium metal. This work provides a new idea for developing high‐energy‐density and high‐safety lithium‐metal batteries (LMBs) for room temperature.
Prenatal diagnosis of fetuses with absent/hypoplastic nasal bone in second‐trimester using chromosomal microarray analysis
Authors: Chen Xinying , Jiang Yuying , Zeng Shuhong , Zhuang Jianlong , Lin Na 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundPathogenic copy number variants (pCNVs) are associated with fetal ultrasound anomalies, which can be efficiently identified through chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA). The primary objective of the present study was to enhance understanding of the genotype–phenotype correlation in fetuses exhibiting absent or hypoplastic nasal bones using CMA.MethodsEnrolled in the present study were 94 cases of fetuses with absent/hypoplastic nasal bone, which were divided into an isolated absent/hypoplastic nasal bone group (n = 49) and a non‐isolated group (n = 45). All pregnant women enrolled in the study underwent karyotype analysis and CMA to assess chromosomal abnormalities in the fetuses.ResultsKaryotype analysis and CMA detection were successfully performed in all cases. The results of karyotype and CMA indicate the presence of 11 cases of chromosome aneuploidy, with trisomy 21 being the most prevalent among them. A small supernumerary marker chromosome (sSMC) detected by karyotype analysis was further interpreted as a pCNV by CMA. Additionally, CMA detection elicited three cases of pCNVs, despite normal findings in their karyotype analysis results. Among them, one case of Roche translocation was identified to be a UPD in chromosome 15 with a low proportion of trisomy 15. Further, a significant difference in the detection rate of pCNVs was observed between non‐isolated and isolated absent/hypoplastic nasal bone (24.44% vs. 8.16%, p < .05).ConclusionThe present study enhances the utility of CMA in diagnosing the etiology of absent or hypoplastic nasal bone in fetuses. Further, isolated cases of absent or hypoplastic nasal bone strongly suggest the presence of chromosomal abnormalities, necessitating genetic evaluation through CMA.
Relationship between dermoscopic and histopathological findings of extradigital glomus tumors
Authors: Takada Tomoaki 
Published: May 2024

Key Clinical MassageIn extradigital glomus tumors, (1) noncontact and (2) contact dermoscopy show (1) a central purplish‐white area corresponding to tumor nests surrounding enlarged vessels, a peripheral yellow‐white area corresponding to mucin deposition, melanin granules, and fibrous tissue, and (2) white reticular and linear cord areas corresponding to pseudocapsules and collagen fibers.
Malignant Extrarenal Rhabdoid tumor derived from the greater omentum: A case report and literature review
Authors: Shao Xue , Liu Meijun , Wang Xin , Han Lingling , Luo Shuang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundMalignant extrarenal rhabdoid tumor (MERT) is a rare and highly metastatic tumor, which is more than 75% of patients dying within 6 months of initial diagnosis, and it often leads to misdiagnosis and delayed treatment.CaseThis paper reports a 16‐year‐old girl who presented with the chief complaint of acute abdominal pain. She underwent laparoscopic exploration and excisional biopsy, then pathological examination and immunohistochemistry revealed “extrarenal malignant rhabdomyoma.” One month after operation, she died of intra‐abdominal hemorrhage and multiple organ dysfunction.ConclusionMERT were often misdiagnosed and had a poor prognosis. The surgery and chemotherapy are usually beneficial to prolong the survival time of patients with MERT.
Recent Trends in Group 11 Hydrogen Bonding
Authors: Sorroche Alba , Reboiro Félix , Monge Miguel , López‐de‐Luzuriaga José María 
Published: May 2024

AbstractConventional hydrogen bonding (H‐bonding) has been extensively studied in organic and biological systems. However, its role in transition metal chemistry, particularly with Group 11 metals (i. e. Cu, Ag, Au) as hydrogen bond acceptors, remains relatively unexplored. Through a combination of experimental techniques, such as Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Infrared spectroscopy (IR), X‐Ray Diffraction (XRD), and computational calculations, several aspects of H‐bonding interactions with Group 11 metals are examined, shedding light on its impact on structural motifs and reactivity. These include bond strengths, geometries, and effects on electronic structures. Understanding the intricacies of hydrogen bonding within transition metal chemistry holds promise for various applications, including catalytic transformations, the construction of molecular assemblies, synthesis of complexes displaying anticancer activities, or luminescence applications (e. g. Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence, TADF). This review encompasses the most significant recent advances, challenges, and future prospects in this emerging field.
Biochemical Separation of Cytoplasmic and Nuclear Fraction for Downstream Molecular Analysis
Authors: Huynh Hang T. , Shcherbinina Evgeniia , Huang Hsiang‐Chi , Rezaei Reyhaneh , Sarshad Aishe A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBiochemical fractionation is a technique used to isolate and separate distinct cellular compartments, critical for dissecting cellular mechanisms and molecular pathways. Herein we outline a biochemical fraction methodology for isolation of ultra‐pure nuclei and cytoplasm. This protocol utilizes hypotonic lysis buffer to suspend cells, coupled with a calibrated centrifugation strategy, for enhanced separation of cytoplasm from the nuclear fraction. Subsequent purification steps ensure the integrity of the isolated nuclear fraction. Overall, this method facilitates accurate protein localization, essential for functional studies, demonstrating its efficacy in separating cellular compartments. © 2024 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol: Biochemical fractionationSupport Protocol 1: Protein quantification using Bradford assaySupport Protocol 2: SDS/PAGE and Western blotting
From intramuscular to nasal: unleashing the potential of nasal spray vaccines against coronavirus disease 2019
Authors: Jin Ge , Wang Runze , Jin Yi , Song Yingqiu , Wang Tianlu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), has affected 700 million people worldwide since its outbreak in 2019. The current pandemic strains, including Omicron and its large subvariant series, exhibit strong transmission and stealth. After entering the human body, the virus first infects nasal epithelial cells and invades host cells through the angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 receptor and transmembrane serine protease 2 on the host cell surface. The nasal cavity is an important body part that protects against the virus. Immunisation of the nasal mucosa produces immunoglobulin A antibodies that effectively neutralise viruses. Saline nasal irrigation, a type of physical therapy, can reduce the viral load in the nasal cavity and prevent viral infections to some extent. As a commonly used means to fight SARS‐CoV‐2, the intramuscular (IM) vaccine can induce the human body to produce a systemic immune response and immunoglobulin G antibody; however, the antibody is difficult to distribute to the nasal mucosa in time and cannot achieve a good preventive effect. Intranasal (IN) vaccines compensate for the shortcomings of IM vaccines, induce mucosal immune responses, and have a better effect in preventing infection. In this review, we discuss the nasal defence barrier, the harm caused by SARS‐CoV‐2, the mechanism of its invasion into host cells, nasal cleaning, IM vaccines and IN vaccines, and suggest increasing the development of IN vaccines, and use of IN vaccines as a supplement to IM vaccines.
Pantoprazole suppresses carcinogenesis and growth of hepatocellular carcinoma by inhibiting glycolysis and Na+/H+ exchange
Authors: Jin Hai , Wen Guorong , Zhu Jiaxing , Liu Jielong , Li Jingguo , Yao Shun , Zhao Zhenglan , Dong Zhiqi , Zhang Xue , An Jiaxing , Liu Xuemei , Tuo Biguang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the deadliest cancers. The prevention and therapy for this deadly disease remain a global medical challenge. In this study, we investigated the effect of pantoprazole (PPZ) on the carcinogenesis and growth of HCC. Both diethylnitrosamine (DEN) plus CCl4‐induced and DEN plus high fat diet (HFD)‐induced HCC models in mice were established. Cytokines and cell proliferation‐associated gene in the liver tissues of mice and HCC cells were analyzed. Cellular glycolysis and Na+/H+ exchange activity were measured. The preventive administration of pantoprazole (PPZ) at a clinically relevant low dose markedly suppressed HCC carcinogenesis in both DEN plus CCl4‐induced and HFD‐induced murine HCC models, whereas the therapeutic administration of PPZ at the dose suppressed the growth of HCC. In the liver tissues of PPZ‐treated mice, inflammatory cytokines, IL1, CXCL1, CXCL5, CXCL9, CXCL10, CCL2, CCL5, CCL6, CCL7, CCL20, and CCL22, were reduced. The administration of CXCL1, CXCL5, CCL2, or CCL20 all reversed PPZ‐suppressed DEN plus CCL4‐induced HCC carcinogenesis in mice. PPZ inhibited the expressions of CCNA2, CCNB2, CCNE2, CDC25C, CDCA5, CDK1, CDK2, TOP2A, TTK, AURKA, and BIRC5 in HCC cells. Further results showed that PPZ reduced the production of these inflammatory cytokines and the expression of these cell proliferation‐associated genes through the inhibition of glycolysis and Na+/H+ exchange. In conclusion, PPZ suppresses the carcinogenesis and growth of HCC, which is related to inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines and the expression of cell proliferation‐associated genes in the liver through the inhibition of glycolysis and Na+/H+ exchange.
Adaptive output feedback control system design for nonlinear systems via neural networks
Authors: Li Zhao , Otakara Nozomu , Kato Nozomu , Mizumoto Ikuro 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAdaptive output feedback control based on output feedback exponential passivity (OFEP) has a simple structure and strong robustness in regard to disturbances and system uncertainties. However, it is difficult for most nonlinear systems to satisfy the conditions of OFEP. Thus, the introduction of a suitable parallel feedforward compensator (PFC) to construct an OFEP‐augmented system with the controlled system has been used, but the control output cannot achieve perfect tracking because of the output of the introduced PFC. As a solution, introducing a feedforward (FF) input to build a 2 degree of freedom (2‐DOF) is a simple and effective way to solve this problem. In this paper, we propose the design schemes for suitable PFC and FF input of nonlinear systems via the use of neural networks (NN), respectively. Besides, to cope with possibly present input disturbances, we also provide a method to achieve disturbance compensation based on NN to reduce their interference. Finally, the effectiveness of all proposed design schemes is confirmed through numerical simulations.
Tree demographic strategies largely overlap across succession in Neotropical wet and dry forest communities
Authors: Schorn Markus E. , Kambach Stephan , Chazdon Robin L. , Craven Dylan , Farrior Caroline E. , Meave Jorge A. , Muñoz Rodrigo , van Breugel Michiel , Amissah Lucy , Bongers Frans , Hérault Bruno , Jakovac Catarina C. , Norden Natalia , Poorter Lourens , van der Sande Masha T. , Wirth Christian , Delgado Diego , Dent Daisy H. , DeWalt Saara J. , Dupuy Juan M. , Finegan Bryan , Hall Jefferson S. , Hernández‐Stefanoni José L. , Lopez Omar R. , Rüger Nadja 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSecondary tropical forests play an increasingly important role in carbon budgets and biodiversity conservation. Understanding successional trajectories is therefore imperative for guiding forest restoration and climate change mitigation efforts. Forest succession is driven by the demographic strategies—combinations of growth, mortality and recruitment rates—of the tree species in the community. However, our understanding of demographic diversity in tropical tree species stems almost exclusively from old‐growth forests. Here, we assembled demographic information from repeated forest inventories along chronosequences in two wet (Costa Rica, Panama) and two dry (Mexico) Neotropical forests to assess whether the ranges of demographic strategies present in a community shift across succession. We calculated demographic rates for >500 tree species while controlling for canopy status to compare demographic diversity (i.e., the ranges of demographic strategies) in early successional (0–30 years), late successional (30–120 years) and old‐growth forests using two‐dimensional hypervolumes of pairs of demographic rates. Ranges of demographic strategies largely overlapped across successional stages, and early successional stages already covered the full spectrum of demographic strategies found in old‐growth forests. An exception was a group of species characterized by exceptionally high mortality rates that was confined to early successional stages in the two wet forests. The range of demographic strategies did not expand with succession. Our results suggest that studies of long‐term forest monitoring plots in old‐growth forests, from which most of our current understanding of demographic strategies of tropical tree species is derived, are surprisingly representative of demographic diversity in general, but do not replace the need for further studies in secondary forests.