bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Natural course of idiopathic oligozoospermia: Comparison of mild, moderate and severe forms
Authors: Bak Chong Won , Song Seung‐Hun , Yoon Tae Ki , Lim Jung Jin , Shin Tai Eun , Sung Suye 
Published: September 2010

Objectives:  To investigate the natural courses of mild, moderate and severe idiopathic oligozoospermia, and which factors or semen variables were of utmost importance in predicting the courses.Methods:  A total of 208 men (age 29–47 years) who were diagnosed with mild, moderate and severe idiopathic oligozoospermia in a 9‐year‐period between January 2000 and December 2008 were followed up for more than 6 months.Results:  Overall, 16 (24.6%) of 65 patients with severe oligozoospermia developed azoospermia, whereas two (3.1%) patients with moderate oligozoospermia developed azoospermia and none of the patients with mild oligozoospermia developed azoospermia. Initial follicle stimulating hormone level and testicular volume between the subgroups were significantly different (P = 0.0071 and 0.0039, respectively). The subgroup of patients who became azoospermic (n = 18) showed statistically significant differences in terms of body mass index and the level of prolactin (PRL) from the subgroup that maintained the initial lingering sperm count (n = 190; P = 0.0086 and 0.0154, respectively). As the vitality of semen variables increased 1%, the risk of progression to azoospermia diminished by 0.892‐fold, according to Cox's proportional hazards model analysis. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the area under the curve was 0.755 and the sperm concentration value with the highest sensitivity and specificity was the reference value of 3–5 million/mL, with a sensitivity of 0.746 and specificity of 0.711 (P = 0.01).Conclusions:  Patients with severe oligozoospermia should be warned of the possibility of becoming azoospermic and hence sperm freezing should be encouraged as early as possible.
Maternal urinoma during pregnancy
Authors: Ushioda Norichika , Matsuo Koji , Nagamatsu Masaaki , Kimura Tadashi , Shimoya Koichiro 
Published: September 2010

AbstractUrinoma is peripelvic extravasation of urine seen as the squeal of urinary trauma or stones. Little is known about maternal urinoma during pregnancy. A 27‐year‐old primigravida presented with gradual worsening right flank pain at 215/7 weeks of gestation. She denied any past medicosurgical history. Initial work‐up revealed cost‐vertebral angle tenderness and mild hydronephrosis by ultrasonography. Her symptom worsened and follow‐up ultrasonography was performed 48 h later, which showed worsened hydronephrosis with large perinephric fluid collection. A Double‐J stent was placed under cystoscopy. After the placement, the patient's symptoms improved quickly. The stent was removed three weeks later. The patient delivered vaginally at 39 weeks of gestation without complication. Maternal urinoma during pregnancy developed in the right side of the kidney in five of six reported cases (83.3%), and all were seen in the second half of pregnancy. All showed flank pain as the initial presentation. Ultrasonography for diagnosis was used in half of the patients. Fifty percent underwent Double‐J stent before delivery and 16.7% after delivery. All cases delivered at term and 33.3% underwent cesarean delivery. Maternal urinoma is an important differential diagnosis for flank pain during pregnancy. Double‐J stent placement was the main management. Close monitoring of the symptom with serial ultrasonography may be the key for diagnosis.
Management of sea cucumber stocks: patterns of vulnerability and recovery of sea cucumber stocks impacted by fishing
Authors: Friedman Kim , Eriksson Hampus , Tardy Emmanuel , Pakoa Kalo 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIdentifying rates of change in the abundance of sea cucumbers under differing management regimes is fundamental to estimating commercial yields, identifying ecological interactions and facilitating management. Here, we review the status of sea cucumber stocks from a range of Pacific Island countries (Samoa, Tonga, Palau, Fiji and Papua New Guinea), some of which have had a moratorium on exports for up to a decade. We use a time‐series approach to look at variation in sea cucumber presence, coverage and density from survey and re‐survey data. Results give an appreciation of variation between ‘high’ status (less impacted) and depleted stocks. Survey data show marked declines in coverage and abundance as a result of artisanal fishing activity, and although species groups were not lost at a country level, local extirpation and range restriction was noted. Resilience and ‘recovery’ following cessation of fishing varied greatly, both among locations and among the species targeted. Worryingly, even after extended periods of moratorium, the density of some species was markedly low. In many cases, the densities were too low for commercial fishing, and may be at a level where the effective population size is constrained due to ‘Allee’ affects. From these results, we suggest that management regimes presently employed are generally not well aligned with the level of response to fishing mortality that can be expected from sea cucumber stocks. New adaptive, precautionary approaches to management are suggested, which would allow more timely interventions to be made, while refined information on stock dynamics is sought.
A NOTE ON PRODUCT DIFFERENTIATION IN A LINEAR CITY AND WAGE BARGAINING
Authors: Grandner Thomas 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTEconomides (Economics Letters, 1986, 21, pp. 67–71) has shown that within a linear city an equilibrium exists in a two‐stage location–price game when the curvature of the transportation cost function is sufficiently high. One important point is that not all of these equilibria are at maximal differentiation. In this paper, we include an additional stage with decentralized wage bargaining. This intensifies price competition resulting in locations that are nearer to the extremes of the city. The magnitude of this effect depends on the bargaining power of the unions. Contrary to the model with exogenously given costs, if unions are sufficient strong all price equilibria in pure strategies are at maximal differentiation. With a low parameter for the curvature of the transportation cost function unions can improve the location decision from a social viewpoint.
The Eternal ‘Spirit of the Son’: Barth, Florovsky and Torrance on the Filioque
Authors: BAKER MATTHEW 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThis article offers an Orthodox response to Barth's defense of the filioque. Florovsky's theology exemplifies how Orthodoxy addresses the concerns underlying Barth's filioque without resort to the filioque. Entailed in the elaboration of Florovsky's Christocentric pneumatology is a critique of other currents in modern Orthodox theology (Florensky, Lossky). Common emphases are noted between Florovsky and T.F. Torrance regarding the consubstantiality and propriety of the Spirit to the Son and the significance of this doctrine for ecclesial life, suggesting a basis for further ecumenical reintegration.
Transvaginal grey scale histogram of the cervix at 20–25 weeks of pregnancy
Authors: FURTADO Marcio R. , PIRES Claudio R. , ARAUJO JÚNIOR Edward , De SOUZA Eduardo , NARDOZZA Luciano M.M. , MORON Antonio F. 
Published: September 2010

Aim:  To assess the echogenicity of the cervical stroma and area surrounding the cervical canal (cervical gland area – CGA) using grey scale histogram (GSH) in pregnancies between 20 and 25 weeks.Methods:  Cross‐sectional study involving 149 pregnancies in the second trimester. Transvaginal sonography was performed to measure cervical length (biometric evaluation), assess the CGA and detect cervical funnelling (morphologic evaluation). The GSH was used for the objective assessment of the cervical stroma and CGA in the mid portion of the cervix. Mean, minimum, maximum and standard deviation measurements were obtained on the GSH and the CGA/stroma ratio was calculated. Intra‐observer and inter‐observer reproducibility were assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).Results:  Mean cervical length was 42.37 ± 7.05 mm (range 12–54 mm). Funnelling was detected in four women (2.7%) and one of these also had absent CGA. The mean GSH stroma value was 103 ± 25 (53–160) and the mean CGA value was 64.5 ± 23 (13–167). The mean CGA/stroma ratio was 0.62 ± 0.14 (0.24–1.29). Intra‐ and inter‐observer reproducibility was excellent with ICC of 0.975 and 0.922 respectively.Conclusion:  There are large differences in the texture of the cervical stroma and CGA on GSH allowing the objective differentiation of the two areas. The CGA/stroma ratio allows the objective assessment of the absence or presence of the CGA.
A systematic review of duloxetine and venlafaxine in major depression, including unpublished data
Authors: Schueler Y.‐B. , Koesters M. , Wieseler B. , Grouven U. , Kromp M. , Kerekes M. F. , Kreis J. , Kaiser T. , Becker T. , Weinmann S. 
Published: September 2010

Schueler Y‐B, Koesters M, Wieseler B, Grouven U, Kromp M, Kerekes MF, Kreis J, Kaiser T, Becker T, Weinmann S. A systematic review of duloxetine and venlafaxine in major depression, including unpublished data.Objective:  To determine the short‐term antidepressant efficacy and tolerability of duloxetine and venlafaxine vs. each other, placebo, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), and tri‐ and tetracyclic antidepressants (TCAs) in adults with major depression.Method:  Meta‐analysis of randomised controlled trials identified through bibliographical databases and other sources, including unpublished manufacturer reports.Results:  Fifty‐four studies including venlafaxine arms (n = 12 816), 14 including duloxetine arms (n = 4528), and two direct comparisons (n = 836) were analysed. Twenty‐three studies were previously unpublished. In the meta‐analysis, both duloxetine and venlafaxine showed superior efficacy (higher remission and response rates) and inferior tolerability (higher discontinuation rates due to adverse events) to placebo. Venlafaxine had superior efficacy in response rates but inferior tolerability to SSRIs (OR = 1.20, 95% CI 1.07–1.35 and 1.38, 95% CI 1.15–1.66, respectively), and no differences in efficacy and tolerability to TCAs. Duloxetine did not show any advantages over other antidepressants and was less well tolerated than SSRIs and venlafaxine (OR = 1.53, 95% CI 1.10–2.13 and OR 1.79, 95% CI 1.16–2.78, respectively).Conclusion:  Rather than being a first‐line option, venlafaxine appears to be a valid alternative in patients who do not tolerate or respond to SSRIs or TCAs. Duloxetine does not seem to be indicated as a first‐line treatment.
Joy for morphology: dermatopathology and art
Authors: Kerl Helmut , Wolf Ingrid H. , Kerl Katrin , Smolle‐Jüttner Freya , Cerroni Lorenzo , Stieber Werner 
Published: September 2010

SummaryThis work displays the bridging of two fields – namely dermatopathology and art. What is astonishing is that structures one sees through the microscope reveal aesthetic and artistic aspects and sometimes resemble in a startling way the designs of certain artists. Specific examples are illustrated to enhance the joy and appreciation of morphologic images.
CorrSieve: software for summarizing and evaluating Structure output
Authors: CAMPANA M.G. , HUNT H.V. , JONES H. , WHITE J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe clustering software Structure has been used extensively to infer population structure in natural populations from multilocus genotype data. Determining meaningful values of K, the assumed number of subpopulations is one of the primary challenges of making biological inferences from Structure data. The package CorrSieve summarizes Structure output and performs a number of tests, including both previously reported methods and novel ones, to help determine meaningful values of K.
A genome‐wide set of SNPs detects population substructure and long range linkage disequilibrium in wild sheep
Authors: MILLER J.M. , POISSANT J. , KIJAS J.W. , COLTMAN D.W. ,   the International Sheep Genomics Consortium
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe development of genomic resources for wild species is still in its infancy. However, cross‐species utilization of technologies developed for their domestic counterparts has the potential to unlock the genomes of organisms that currently lack genomic resources. Here, we apply the OvineSNP50 BeadChip, developed for domestic sheep, to two related wild ungulate species: the bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) and the thinhorn sheep (Ovis dalli). Over 95% of the domestic sheep markers were successfully genotyped in a sample of fifty‐two bighorn sheep while over 90% were genotyped in two thinhorn sheep. Pooling the results from both species identified 868 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), 570 were detected in bighorn sheep, while 330 SNPs were identified in thinhorn sheep. The total panel of SNPs was able to discriminate between the two species, assign population of origin for bighorn sheep and detect known relationship classes within one population of bighorn sheep. Using an informative subset of these SNPs (n = 308), we examined the extent of genome‐wide linkage disequilibrium (LD) within one population of bighorn sheep and found that high levels of LD persist over 4 Mb.
Optimal Design of Multichamber Mufflers Hybridized With Perforated Intruding Inlets and Resonating Tubes Using Simulated Annealing
Authors: Chiu Min-Chie 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Recently, research on new techniques for single-chamber mufflers equipped with perforated resonating tubes has been addressed. However, the acoustical performance of mufflers having a narrow-band sound transmission loss (STL) is insufficient in reducing a broadband venting noise. To improve the acoustical efficiency, a hybrid muffler with chambers composed of perforated intruding inlets is presented. Here, we will not only analyze the STL of three kinds of mufflers (A: a one-chamber muffler hybridized with a perforated resonating tube; B: a two-chamber muffler hybridized with a perforated intruding tube and a resonating tube; and C: a three-chamber muffler hybridized with two perforated intruding tubes and a resonating tube), but also optimize the best design shape within a space-constrained situation. In this paper, both the numerical decoupling technique and simulated annealing (SA) for solving the coupled acoustical problem of perforated tubes are used. A numerical case for eliminating a broadband air compressor noise is also introduced. To verify the reliability of SA optimization, optimal noise abatements for the pure tones (400 Hz and 800 Hz) are exemplified. Before the SA operation can be carried out, the accuracy of the mathematical model is checked using the experimental data. Results indicate that the maximal STL is precisely located at the desired target tones. The optimal result of case studies for eliminating broadband noise also reveals that the overall noise reduction with respect to the mufflers can be reduced from 131.6 dB(A) to 102.1 dB(A), 89.5 dB(A), and 82.1 dB(A). As can be seen, the acoustical performance will increase when the diameters (at the inlet tubes as well as perforated holes) decrease. Moreover, it is obvious that the acoustical performance will be improved when the chambers equipped with perforated intruding inlets are increased. Consequently, a successful approach used for the optimal design of the multichamber mufflers equipped with perforated intruding tubes and a resonating tube within a space-constrained condition has been demonstrated.
Evaluation of a 30-Gene Paclitaxel, Fluorouracil, Doxorubicin, and Cyclophosphamide Chemotherapy Response Predictor in a Multicenter Randomized Trial in Breast Cancer
Authors: Tabchy Adel , Valero Vicente , Vidaurre Tatiana , Lluch Ana , Gomez Henry , Martin Miguel , Qi Yuan , Barajas-Figueroa Luis Javier , Souchon Eduardo , Coutant Charles , Doimi Franco D. , Ibrahim Nuhad K. , Gong Yun , Hortobagyi Gabriel N. , Hess Kenneth R. , Symmans W. Fraser , Pusztai Lajos 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Purpose: We examined in a prospective, randomized, international clinical trial the performance of a previously defined 30-gene predictor (DLDA-30) of pathologic complete response (pCR) to preoperative weekly paclitaxel and fluorouracil, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide (T/FAC) chemotherapy, and assessed if DLDA-30 also predicts increased sensitivity to FAC-only chemotherapy. We compared the pCR rates after T/FAC versus FACx6 preoperative chemotherapy. We also did an exploratory analysis to identify novel candidate genes that differentially predict response in the two treatment arms.
Experimental Design: Two hundred and seventy-three patients were randomly assigned to receive either weekly paclitaxel × 12 followed by FAC × 4 (T/FAC, n = 138), or FAC × 6 (n = 135) neoadjuvant chemotherapy. All patients underwent a pretreatment fine-needle aspiration biopsy of the tumor for gene expression profiling and treatment response prediction.
Results: The pCR rates were 19% and 9% in the T/FAC and FAC arms, respectively (P &lt; 0.05). In the T/FAC arm, the positive predictive value (PPV) of the genomic predictor was 38% [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 21-56%], the negative predictive value was 88% (95% CI, 77-95%), and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.711. In the FAC arm, the PPV was 9% (95% CI, 1-29%) and the AUC was 0.584. This suggests that the genomic predictor may have regimen specificity. Its performance was similar to a clinical variable–based predictor nomogram.
Conclusions: Gene expression profiling for prospective response prediction was feasible in this international trial. The 30-gene predictor can identify patients with greater than average sensitivity to T/FAC chemotherapy. However, it captured molecular equivalents of clinical phenotype. Next-generation predictive markers will need to be developed separately for different molecular subsets of breast cancers. Clin Cancer Res; 16(21); 5351–61. ©2010 AACR.
I-387, a Novel Antimitotic Indole, Displays a Potent In vitro and In vivo Antitumor Activity with Less Neurotoxicity
Authors: Ahn Sunjoo , Duke Charles B. , Barrett Christina M. , Hwang Dong Jin , Li Chien-Ming , Miller Duane D. , Dalton James T. 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
(3-(1H-indol-2-yl)phenyl)(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methanone (I-387) is a novel synthetic compound that inhibits tubulin action and exhibits potent antitumor activity in various preclinical models. I-387 inhibited the in vitro growth of several human cancer cell lines with IC50 values in the range of 15 to 39 nmol/L. Nanomolar concentrations of the compound induced apoptosis and caused phosphorylation of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. I-387 induced a strong and concentration-dependent G2-M arrest in PC-3 cells by constitutive activation of Cdc2/cyclin B1 complex and destabilized polymerization of purified tubulin in vitro by binding to the colchicine-binding site. In vivo, I-387 treatment effectively inhibited tumor growth in mice bearing PC-3 tumor xenografts. In vitro studies of nerve growth factor–dependent neurite outgrowth in PC12 pheochromocytoma cells and in vivo studies of mouse behavior showed that I-387 was less neurotoxic than vinblastine and vincristine, tubulin destabilizers with known neurotoxicity. Interestingly, multidrug-resistant cell lines that overexpressed P-glycoprotein (P-gp), multidrug resistance–associated proteins, and breast cancer resistance protein were rendered resistant to docetaxel, vinblastine, SN-38, and doxorubicin, but not to I-387. I-387 dosed at 10 mg/kg was equally effective with 76% tumor growth inhibition in xenograft models using MES-SA uterine sarcoma cells and MES-SA/DX5 cells overexpressing P-gp. In contrast, docetaxel and vinblastine were not effective in MES-SA/DX5 xenograft models. The potent in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity of I-387 suggests that it may represent a new antimitotic agent for management of various malignancies, particularly for patients with drug-resistant cancer. Mol Cancer Ther; 9(11); 2859–68. ©2010 AACR.
G.C. Berkouwer’s Principle of Correlation: An Attempt to Comprehend
Authors: van Keulen van Keulen 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe term correlation is a central idea in the work of the Dutch theologian Gerrit Cornelis Berkouwer (1903-1996). Berkouwer has often been criticised for his use of this term. On the basis of three examples (the correlation between faith and justification, between faith and election and between promise and expectation) Berkouwer’s intentions are determined. It will turn out that he used the term in another way than Paul Tillich made use of it. Berkouwer’s principle of correlation incorporates elements of great value. The problem with it is terminologically in nature. Berkouwer has been alerted to this problem by his dutch collegue Arnold A. van Ruler. To comprehend Berkouwer’s principle of correlation it must be understood as theonomous correlation.
Dominant Anomaly Patterns in the Near-Surface Baroclinicity and Accompanying Anomalies in the Atmosphere and Oceans. Part II: North Pacific Basin
Authors: Nakamura Mototaka , Yamane Shozo 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Variability in the monthly-mean flow and storm track in the North Pacific basin is examined with a focus on the near-surface baroclinicity. Dominant patterns of anomalous near-surface baroclinicity found from empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analyses generally show mixed patterns of shift and changes in the strength of near-surface baroclinicity. Composited anomalies in the monthly-mean wind at various pressure levels based on the signals in the EOFs show accompanying anomalies in the mean flow up to 50 hPa in the winter and up to 100 hPa in other seasons. Anomalous eddy fields accompanying the anomalous near-surface baroclinicity patterns exhibit, broadly speaking, structures anticipated from simple linear theories of baroclinic instability, and suggest a tendency for anomalous wave fluxes to accelerate–decelerate the surface westerly accordingly. However, the relationship between anomalous eddy fields and anomalous near-surface baroclinicity in the midwinter is not consistent with the simple linear baroclinic instability theories. Composited anomalous sea surface temperature (SST) accompanying anomalous near-surface baroclinicity often exhibits moderate values and large spatial scales in the basin, rather than large values concentrated near the oceanic fronts. In the midsummer and in some cases in cold months, however, large SST anomalies are found around the Kuroshio–Oyashio Extensions. Accompanying anomalies in the net surface heat flux, SST in the preceding and following months, and meridional eddy heat flux in the lower troposphere suggest active roles played by the ocean in generating the concomitant anomalous large-scale atmospheric state in some of these cases.