bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inorganic phosphate enhances sensitivity of human osteosarcoma U2OS cells to doxorubicin via a p53‐dependent pathway
Authors: Spina Annamaria , Sorvillo Luca , Di Maiolo Francesca , Esposito Antonietta , D'Auria Raffaella , Di Gesto Davide , Chiosi Emilio , Naviglio Silvio 
Published: June 2012

AbstractOsteosarcoma is the most common malignant primary bone tumor in children and adolescents. The clinical outcome for osteosarcoma remains discouraging despite aggressive surgery and intensive radiotherapy and chemotherapy regimens. Thus, novel therapeutic approaches are needed. Previously, we have shown that inorganic phosphate (Pi) inhibits proliferation and aggressiveness of human osteosarcoma U2OS cells identifying adenylate cyclase, beta3 integrin, Rap1, ERK1/2 as proteins whose expression and function are relevantly affected in response to Pi. In this study, we investigated whether Pi could affect chemosensitivity of osteosarcoma cells and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Here, we report that Pi inhibits proliferation of p53‐wild type U2OS cells (and not of p53‐null Saos and p53‐mutant MG63 cells) by slowing‐down cell cycle progression, without apoptosis occurrence. Interestingly, we found that Pi strongly enhances doxorubicin‐induced cytotoxicity in U2OS, and not in Saos and MG63 cells, by apoptosis induction, as revealed by a marked increase of sub‐G1 population, Bcl‐2 downregulation, caspase‐3 activation, and PARP cleavage. Remarkably, Pi/doxorubicin combination‐induced cytotoxicity was accompanied by an increase of p53 protein levels and of p53 target genes mdm2, p21 and Bax, and was significantly reduced by the p53 inhibitor pifithrine‐alpha. Moreover, the doxorubicin‐induced cytotoxicity was associated with ERK1/2 pathway inhibition in response to Pi. Altogether, our data enforce the evidence of Pi as a novel signaling molecule capable of inhibiting ERK pathway and inducing sensitization to doxorubicin of osteosarcoma cells by p53‐dependent apoptosis, implying that targeting Pi levels might represent a rational strategy for improving osteosarcoma therapy. J. Cell. Physiol. 228: 198–206, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
FOXP3 expression in tumor cells and implications for cancer progression
Authors: Triulzi Tiziana , Tagliabue Elda , Balsari Andrea , Casalini Patrizia 
Published: June 2012

AbstractFOXP3 is a member of the forkhead/winged‐helix family of transcriptional regulators. Defects in the FOXP3 gene cause an X‐linked autoimmune/immunodeficiency syndrome in humans and the Scurfy phenotype in mice. FOXP3 acts mainly in regulating the development and function of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells. Although initially thought to be specific for these cells, FOXP3 expression has recently been described in non‐hematopoietic cells, including epithelial cells of multiple lineages and of different tissue origins. Moreover, FOXP3 expression has been detected in tumor cells of both epithelial and non‐epithelial tissues. The role of FOXP3 expression by tumor cells remains controversial, with in vitro studies pointing to an onco‐suppressive action, whereas studies conducted on human samples associate FOXP3 expression by tumor cells with metastatic spread. Here, we review evidence for the multi‐faceted role of FOXP3 in cancer cells. J. Cell. Physiol. 228: 30–35, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Activation of Smad‐mediated TGF‐β signaling triggers epithelial–mesenchymal transitions in murine cloned corneal progenitor cells
Authors: Kawakita Tetsuya , Espana Edgar M. , Higa Kazunari , Kato Naoko , Li Wei , Tseng Scheffer C.G. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractEpithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), via activation of Wnt signaling, is prevailing in embryogenesis, but postnatally it only occurs in pathological processes, such as in tissue fibrosis and tumor metastasis. Our prior studies led us to speculate that EMT might be involved in the loss of limbal epithelial stem cells in explant cultures. To examine this hypothesis, we successfully grew murine corneal/limbal epithelial progenitors by prolonging the culture time and by seeding at a low density in a serum‐free medium. Single cell‐derived clonal growth was accompanied by a gradient of Wnt signaling activity, from the center to the periphery, marked by a centrifugal loss of E‐cadherin and β‐catenin from intercellular junctions, coupled with nuclear translocation of β‐catenin and LEF‐1. Large‐colony‐forming efficiency at central location of colony was higher than peripheral location. Importantly, there was also progressive centrifugal differentiation, with positive K14 keratin expression and the loss of p63 and PCNA nuclear staining, and irreversible EMT, evidenced by cytoplasmic expression of α‐SMA and nuclear localization of S100A4; and by nuclear translocation of Smad4. Furthermore, cytoplasmic expression of α‐SMA was promoted by high‐density cultures and their conditioned media, which contained cell density‐dependent levels of TGF‐β1, TGF‐β2, GM‐CSF, and IL‐1α. Exogenous TGF‐β1 induced α‐SMA positive cells in a low‐density culture, while TGF‐β1 neutralizing antibody partially inhibited α‐SMA expression in a high‐density culture. Collectively, these results indicate that irreversible EMT emerges in the periphery of clonal expansion where differentiation and senescence of murine corneal/limbal epithelial progenitors occurs as a result of Smad‐mediated TGF‐β‐signaling. J. Cell. Physiol. 228: 225–234, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sequence Divergence in the 3′‐Untranslated Region Has an Effect on the Subfunctionalization of Duplicate Genes
Authors: Tong Ying , Zheng Kang , Zhao Shufang , Xiao Guanxiu , Luo Chen 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTRecent studies demonstrated that sequence divergence in both transcriptional regulatory region and coding region contributes to the subfunctionalization of duplicate gene. However, whether sequence divergence in the 3′‐untranslated region (3′‐UTR) has an impact on the subfunctionalization of duplicate genes remains unclear. Here, we identified two diverging duplicate vsx1 (visual system homeobox‐1) loci in goldfish, named vsx1A1 and vsx1A2. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that vsx1A1 and vsx1A2 may arise from a duplication of vsx1 after the separation of goldfish and zebrafish. Sequence comparison revealed that divergence in both transcriptional and translational regulatory regions is higher than divergence in the introns. vsx1A2 expresses during blastula and gastrula stages and in adult retina but silences from segmentation stage to hatching stage, vsx1A1 starts expression from segmentation onward. Comparing to that zebrafish vsx1 expresses in all the developmental stages and in the adult retina, it appears that goldfish vsx1A1 and vsx1A2 are under going to share the functions of ancestral vsx1. The different but overlapping temporal expression patterns of vsx1A1 and vsx1A2 suggest that sequence divergence in the promoter region of duplicate vsx1 is not sufficient for partitioning the functions of ancestral vsx1. By comparing vsx1A1 and vsx1A2 3′‐UTR‐linked green fluorescent protein gene expression patterns, we demonstrated that the 3′‐UTR of vsx1A1 remains but the 3′‐UTR of vsx1A2 has lost the capability of mediating bipolar cell specific expression during retina development. These results indicate that sequence divergence in the 3′‐UTRs has a clear effect on subfunctionalization of the duplicate genes. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 318B:531–544, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
6‐Star‐Coloring of Subcubic Graphs
Authors: Chen Min , Raspaud André , Wang Weifan 
Published: June 2012

AbstractA star coloring of an undirected graphGis a proper vertex coloring ofG(i.e., no two adjacent vertices are assigned the same color) such that no path on four vertices is 2‐colored. The star chromatic number ofGis the smallest integerkfor whichGadmits a star coloring withkcolors. In this paper, we prove that every subcubic graph is 6‐star‐colorable. Moreover, the upper bound 6 is best possible, based on the example constructed by Fertin, Raspaud, and Reed (J Graph Theory 47(3) (2004), 140–153).
SOCIAL NETWORKS, BROKERS, AND CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION: A BANGLADESHI CASE
Authors: Rotberg Fiona J.Y. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractSocial Network Theory is suggested as a theoretical frame within the context of adaptation to climate change. Two elements of the theory that prove useful are that network brokers bridge networks and diffuse novel information that helps lead to group innovation. Novel information is needed for adaptation to climate change. Network data from a Bangladeshi community exemplify how a rural network functions during non‐climate variable and climate variable times; which actors comprise the network and that brokers inside and outside the network diffuse information for possible adaptation. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Using experience sampling methodology in organizational behavior
Authors: Fisher Cynthia D. , To March L. 
Published: June 2012

SummaryExperience sampling methodology and daily diary (ESM/DD) research elicits repeated reports of immediate or very recent experiences from the same sample of people for several days or weeks. Experience sampling and diary methods were almost unheard of in organizational research 15 years ago, but the past decade has seen a rapid rise in their use. These methods are helpful in studying dynamic within‐person processes involving affect, behavior, interpersonal interactions, work events, and other transient workplace phenomena over time. Assessing cross‐level effects of traits or other stable features on within‐person processes and reactivity is also possible with ESM/DD data. We provide an introduction to issues in designing and carrying out an ESM/DD study, including data collection choices and schedules, measures, technology, training and motivation of participants, and analysis of multilevel data. We offer best practice recommendations and refer readers to further resources for additional detail on conducting and analyzing ESM/DD research. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Activation of Wnt Planar cell polarity (PCP) signaling promotes growth plate column formation in vitro
Authors: Randall Rachel M. , Shao Yvonne Y. , Wang Lai , Ballock R. Tracy 
Published: June 2012

AbstractDisrupting the Wnt Planar Cell Polarity (PCP) signaling pathway in vivo results in loss of columnar growth plate architecture, but it is unknown whether activation of this pathway in vitro is sufficient to promote column formation. We hypothesized that activation of the Wnt PCP pathway in growth plate chondrocyte cell pellets would promote columnar organization in these cells that are normally oriented randomly in culture. Rat growth plate chondrocytes were transfected with plasmids encoding the Fzd7 cell‐surface Wnt receptor, a Fzd7 deletion mutant lacking the Wnt‐binding domain, or Wnt receptor‐associated proteins Ror2 or Vangl2, and then cultured as three‐dimensional cell pellets in the presence of recombinant Wnt5a or Wnt5b for 21 days. Cellular morphology was evaluated using histomorphometric measurements. Activation of Wnt PCP signaling components promoted the initiation of columnar morphogenesis in the chondrocyte pellet culture model, as measured by histomorphometric analysis of the column index (ANOVA p = 0.01). Activation of noncanonical Wnt signaling through overexpression of both the cell‐surface Wnt receptor Fzd7 and receptor‐associated protein Ror2 with addition of recombinant Wnt5a promotes the initiation of columnar architecture of growth plate chondrocytes in vitro, representing an important step toward growth plate regeneration. © 2012 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 30:1906–1914, 2012
Digital image analysis of diverse Mexican rice cultivars
Authors: Camelo‐Méndez Gustavo Adolfo , Camacho‐Díaz Brenda Hildeliza , del Villar‐Martínez Alma Angélica , Arenas‐Ocampo Martha Lucia , Bello‐Pérez Luis Arturo , Jiménez‐Aparicio Antonio Ruperto 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: Digital image analysis has an important role in geographical provenance of grains, as it can provide parameters of size, shape and color, which are important quality parameters for the design of engineering processes such as drying and milling of grains. In this study, digital image analysis was used to classify nine rice cultivars based on different morphometric parameters using the three sides of the grain (lateral, ventral and axial), Feret diameter, and 10 different form factors and color parameters (CIE L*, a* and b*).RESULTS: Result of principal component analyisis was an equation with seven variables (area, perimeter, length, width, thickness, sphericity and color), which was useful for distinguishing between nine different cultivars. The morphometric and color parameters for the Mor A‐98 and Mor A‐92 varieties showed they had 88% similarity. The variability was expressed with a confidence of 95%.CONCLUSION: Multivariate analysis indicated that the lateral side is the most sensitive for the classification of Mexican rice grains because of its color and morphometric characteristics. These results showed the application of image analysis for the future classifications of grains. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Alcohol versus brush PRK: Visual outcomes and adverse effects
Authors: Sia Rose K. , Ryan Denise S. , Stutzman Richard D. , Psolka Maximilian , Mines Michael J. , Wagner Melvin E. , Weber Eric D. , Wroblewski Keith J. , Bower Kraig S. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveA smooth corneal surface prior to laser ablation is important in order to achieve a favorable refractive outcome. In this study, we compare PRK outcomes following two commonly used methods of epithelial debridement: Amoils epithelial scrubber (brush) versus 20% ethanol (alcohol).Study Design/Patients and MethodsWe reviewed records of patients who underwent wavefront‐optimized PRK for myopia or myopic astigmatism between January 2008 and June 2010. Two treatment groups (brush vs. alcohol) were compared in terms of uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), manifest refraction spherical equivalent (MRSE), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), and complications at postoperative months 1, 3, 6, and 12.ResultsOne thousand five hundred ninety‐three eyes of 804 patients underwent PRK during the study period: 828 brush‐treated eyes and 765 alcohol‐treated eyes. At 6 months postoperatively UDVA was ≥20/20 in 94.7% of brush‐treated eyes versus 94.4% of alcohol‐treated eyes (P = 0.907). At 1 month a higher percentage of brush‐treated eyes maintained or gained one or more lines CDVA compared to alcohol‐treated eyes (P = 0.007), but there were no other differences in UDVA, MRSE, or CDVA at any point postoperatively. At 1 month 75.4% of brush‐treated eyes versus 70.4% of alcohol‐treated eyes were free of complications (P = 0.032), and there were fewer brush‐treated eyes with corneal haze (4.0% vs. 6.9%, P = 0.012) and dry eye (8.9% vs. 14.4%, P = 0.001). Although corneal haze was slightly more frequent in the alcohol group, most was trace and not significant.ConclusionsAlthough alcohol‐assisted PRK had more minor complications in the early postoperative period, including corneal haze and dry eye, results for both groups beyond 1 month were comparable. Lasers Surg. Med. 44: 475–481, 2012. © Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Treatment of burn scars with the 1,550 nm nonablative fractional Erbium Laser
Authors: Waibel Jill , Wulkan Adam J. , Lupo Mary , Beer Kenneth , Anderson R. Rox 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBackgroundScarring is a major source of morbidity in patients with burns. Burn scars are difficult to treat and are among the worst scars seen in clinical medicine. Fractional laser resurfacing is a promising treatment option because of its unique wound healing response and depth of penetration.ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of nonablative fractional resurfacing as a therapeutic option for extensive cutaneous scarring in burn patients.MethodsProspective, single‐arm, pilot study. Ten subjects with second and third degree burn scars were treated with five nonablative fractional resurfacing treatments given at 4‐week intervals. Three independent investigators evaluated subject outcomes at 3 months post‐treatment (primary outcome); patients also provided subjective assessments of improvement (secondary outcome).ResultsNonablative fractional resurfacing resulted in overall improvement in 90% of subjects, as determined by independent investigators; improvements were moderate to excellent in 60%. Ninety percent of subjects had improved skin texture, 80% had improved dyschromia, and 80% had improved hypertrophy/atrophy. Patients' self‐reports also revealed moderate to excellent improvements (on average) in burn scar area, and significant improvements in self‐esteem at 3 months post‐treatment (P = 0.03).LimitationsSmall sample size and lack of control group.ConclusionsFractional resurfacing is a promising new treatment modality for burn scars. We should continue to identify novel approaches and management strategies for the spectrum of diverse burn scars so that we can better treat this patient population. Lasers Surg. Med. 44: 441–446, 2012. © Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Restoration of caveolin‐1 expression suppresses growth, membrane‐type‐4 metalloproteinase expression and metastasis‐associated activities in colon cancer cells
Authors: Nimri Lili , Barak Hossei , Graeve Lutz , Schwartz Betty 
Published: June 2012

AbstractCaveolin‐1 (cav‐1) and flotillin‐1 are two major structural proteins associated with lipid rafts in mammalian cells. The membrane‐type matrix metalloproteinases (MT‐MMPs) are expressed at the cell surface, hydrolyze extracellular matrix, and play an important role in cancer cell migration and metastasis. Expression of cav‐1, flotillin‐1, and MT4‐MMP in lysates and lipid rafts of LS174T and HM‐7 colon cancer cells was determined. The impact of restoration of cav‐1 expression on proliferation, adhesion, motility in vitro, and growth of implanted tumors in vivo was characterized. Cav‐1 is not expressed in lipid rafts of the highly metastatic colon cancer cell line (HM‐7), but expressed in cytosolic fractions of the parental lower metastatic cell line (LS174T). In contrast, MT4‐MMP was expressed in lipid rafts of HM‐7 cells but not in LS174T cells. Overexpression of cav‐1 in HM‐7 cells down‐regulate proliferation, viability, wound closure, adhesion to laminin, invasion, and development of filopodial and lamellipodial structures in a dose‐dependent manner. Cav‐1 positive HM‐7 clones ceased to express MT4‐MMP in their lipid rafts. Comparative proteomic analyses of lipid rafts from cav‐1 positive and cav‐1 negative cells demonstrated de novo expression of flotillin‐1 only on the cells expressing cav‐1. Xenografting control cells devoid of cav‐1 in nude mice induced development of bigger tumors expressing higher levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen as compared to mice injected with cells expressing the highest cav‐1 levels. We conclude that cav‐1 orchestrates and reorganize several proteins in lipid rafts, activities directly associated with reduced tumorigenic and metastatic ability of colon cancer cells. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Genetic variants at 4q23 and 12q24 are associated with head and neck cancer risk in China
Authors: Yuan Hua , Ma Hongxia , Lu Feng , Yuan Zhiyao , Wang Ruixia , Jiang Hongbing , Hu Zhibin , Shen Hongbing , Chen Ning 
Published: June 2012

AbstractA recent genome‐wide association study (GWAS) reported significant associations of several novel genetic variants with risk of upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) cancers including head and neck cancer (HNC) in Europeans. However, these findings have not been confirmed in other populations including Chinese. According to the findings from the GWAS and other publications, we genotyped six genetic variants (rs1494961, rs1229984, rs1789924, rs971074, rs4767364, and rs671) in a case–control study with 397 HNC cases and 900 controls in China, by using the TaqMan allelic discrimination assay. We found that rs1229984 at 4q23 significantly increased the risk of HNC [dominant model: adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.34, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.05–1.71; additive model: adjusted OR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.04–1.50], while rs671 at 12q24 significantly decreased the risk of HNC (recessive model: adjusted OR = 0.46, 95% CI = 0.25–0.85). Furthermore, when these two loci were evaluated together by the number (0–4) of putative risk alleles (rs1229984 G and rs671 G), a significant locus–dosage effect was found between the groups and risk of HNC (Ptrend = 0.016). Compared with the “0–1” group, groups with “2” risk alleles and “3–4” risk alleles significantly increased the risk of HNC with adjusted ORs of 1.17 (95% CI = 0.84–1.64) and 1.51 (95% CI = 1.06–2.15), respectively. However, no significant association was detected between other four variants (rs1494961, rs1789924, rs971074, and rs4767364) and HNC risk. These findings suggest that rs1229984 at 4q23 and rs671 at 12q24 may serve as candidate markers for susceptibility to HNC in Chinese population. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Psychosis in Parkinson's disease without dementia: Common and comorbid with other non‐motor symptoms
Authors: Lee Angela H. , Weintraub Daniel 
Published: June 2012

Abstract Psychosis in Parkinson's disease (PD) is common and associated with a range of negative outcomes. Dementia and psychosis are highly correlated in PD, but the frequency and correlates of psychosis in patients without cognitive impairment are not well understood. One hundred and ninety‐one non‐demented PD patients at two movement disorders centers participated in a study of neuropsychiatric complications in PD and completed a detailed neurological and neuropsychiatric assessment, including the rater‐administered Parkinson Psychosis Rating Scale for hallucinations, delusions, and minor symptoms of psychosis (illusions and misidentification of persons). Psychotic symptoms were present in 21.5% of the sample. Visual hallucinations were most common (13.6%), followed by auditory hallucinations (6.8%), illusions or misidentification of people (7.3%), and paranoid ideation (4.7%). Visual hallucinations and illusions or misidentification of people were the most common comorbid symptoms (3.1%). Depression (P = 0.01) and rapid eye movement behavior disorder symptoms (P = 0.03) were associated with psychosis in a multivariable model. The odds of experiencing psychotic symptoms were approximately five times higher in patients with comorbid disorders of depression and sleep‐wakefulness. Even in patients without global cognitive impairment, psychosis in PD is common and most highly correlated with other non‐motor symptoms. Screening for psychosis should occur at all stages of PD as part of a broad non‐motor assessment. In addition, these findings suggest a common neural substrate for disturbances of perception, mood, sleep‐wakefulness, and incipient cognitive decline in PD. © 2012 Movement Disorder Society