bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Altered Genome-Wide DNA Methylation in the Duodenum of Common Variable Immunodeficiency Patients
Authors: Yang Mingyi , Kaarbø Mari , Myhre Vegard , Reims Henrik M. , Karlsen Tom H. , Wang Junbai , Rognes Torbjørn , Halvorsen Bente , Fevang Børre , Lundin Knut E. A. , Aukrust Pål , Bjørås Magnar , Jørgensen Silje F. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
A large proportion of Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) patients has duodenal inflammation with increased intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) of unknown aetiology. The histologic similarities to celiac disease, lead to confusion regarding treatment (gluten-free diet) of these patients. We aimed to elucidate the role of epigenetic DNA methylation in the aetiology of duodenal inflammation in CVID and differentiate it from true celiac disease.

Methods
DNA was isolated from snap-frozen pieces of duodenal biopsies and analysed for differences in genome-wide epigenetic DNA methylation between CVID patients with increased IEL (CVID_IEL; n = 5) without IEL (CVID_N; n = 3), celiac disease (n = 3) and healthy controls (n = 3).

Results
The DNA methylation data of 5-methylcytosine in CpG sites separated CVID and celiac diseases from healthy controls. Differential methylation in promoters of genes were identified as potential novel mediators in CVID and celiac disease. There was limited overlap of methylation associated genes between CVID_IEL and Celiac disease. High frequency of differentially methylated CpG sites was detected in over 100 genes nearby transcription start site (TSS) in both CVID_IEL and celiac disease, compared to healthy controls. Differential methylation of genes involved in regulation of TNF/cytokine production were enriched in CVID_IEL, compared to healthy controls.

Conclusion
This is the first study to reveal a role of epigenetic DNA methylation in the etiology of duodenal inflammation of CVID patients, distinguishing CVID_IEL from celiac disease. We identified potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets within gene promotors and in high-frequency differentially methylated CpG regions proximal to TSS in both CVID_IEL and celiac disease.
Trade Diversion effects of China`s Vat Export Rebates
Authors: Ledyaeva Svetlana 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe utilization of value-added tax (VAT) export rebates serves as a key component of Chinese trade policy. While existing literature extensively demonstrates the positive impact of these rebates on Chinese exports, the potential negative repercussions for global trade, widely debated in the media, have remained relatively unexplored. This study assesses the trade diversion effects of China's VAT rebates within a "four-way" fixed effects Poisson Pseudo-Maximum Likelihood structural gravity framework spanning 75 countries over the period 2004–2018. The results indicate that, on average, a 1% increase in the rebate leads to a 2.62% reduction in third-country exports. The impact varies significantly at the country level. Wealthier nations with greater trade liberalization and diversified exports at the intensive margin are less susceptible to the effects of China’s export rebate policy. Additionally, there is evidence that countries exporting higher-quality goods experience more significant negative effects. Finally, the negative effects are driven by machinery and equipment sector and intensive margin.
Evaluation of longitudinal passive immunity transfer against lumpy skin disease virus in calves by different serological methods
Authors: Samojlović Milena , Petrović Tamaš , Polaček Vladimir , Lupulović Diana , Lazić Gospava , Rogan Dragan , Lazić Sava 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTo implement effective lumpy skin disease (LSD) control measures, such as timely vaccination, particularly in calves and serological monitoring, it is necessary to evaluate immune response after vaccination, both in adult cattle and in their calves. The aim of this study was to evaluate passive immunity transfer and duration of maternal antibodies against lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) in calves born to vaccinated cows by two different serological methods. The longitudinal study was carried out on two farms in Serbia where no cases were reported during LSD outbreak in 2016. Fifteen cows on each farm were vaccinated and revaccinated with attenuated vaccine - Neethling strain. A total of 30 cows and 30 calves on both farms were included in the study. Serum samples from cows were collected on calving day and serum samples from their respective calves on days 10, 20, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105 and 120 after birth. Colostrum samples were collected only from 15 cows on one farm. In order to determine the presence of antibodies against LSDV a total of 30 cow sera samples, 15 colostrum samples and 270 calf sera samples were examined by commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and modified virus neutralization test (VNT). Overall, the performance of both serological tests was very satisfactory. The results of this longitudinal study showed that persistence of passive immunity in calves is less than 4 months, and that most calves are not protected against LSDV at that age. Since the vaccination is the most important control measure against LSDV, the recommended age of six months for vaccination of calves born to vaccinated cows should be reassessed to achieve the most optimal protection against LSD.
Is Too Much Time on the Internet Making us Less Satisfied with Life?
Authors: Suárez Álvarez Ana , Vicente María R. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe Internet’s profound impact on society, communication, and the global economy is undeniable. Despite the studies on Internet adoption and frequency of use, little attention has been given to the intensity of usage as measured by the time spent online. In highly developed countries like the European ones, bridging the access gap is nowadays less relevant, as almost everyone has Internet access. Instead, the focus should be on analysing usage intensity to uncover new digital disparities among different groups and understand potential impacts on individuals' subjective well-being (SWB).This study aims to deeply examine Internet usage time, its socioeconomic determinants, and its effects on SWB using data from the European Social Survey (ESS) spanning from 2016 to 2020–22 in 21 European countries. We seek to answer two research questions: (1) How do individuals' characteristics influence Internet usage intensity? (2) What is the impact of Internet usage intensity on individuals' SWB?Our findings show inequalities in Internet usage time driven by individuals' socioeconomic and sociodemographic characteristics. Traditionally disadvantaged groups, both offline and online, exhibit lower Internet usage time, consistent with the existing literature on the digital divide. As for the effect of intensity of Internet use on SWB, after accounting for individuals' characteristics and addressing Internet's endogeneity, we found a negative and significant relationship between Internet usage intensity and life satisfaction, especially for the most intensive internet users.
An interactive task-based method for the avoidance of metal artifacts in CBCT
Authors: Rohleder Maximilian , Thies Mareike , Riedl Sophie , Bullert Benno , Gierse Jula , Privalov Maxim , Mandelka Eric , Vetter Sven , Maier Andreas , Kreher Bjoern 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Intraoperative cone-beam CT imaging enables 3D validation of implant positioning and fracture reduction for orthopedic and trauma surgeries. However, the emergence of metal artifacts, especially in the vicinity of metallic objects, severely degrades the clinical value of the imaging modality. In previous works, metal artifact avoidance (MAA) methods have been shown to reduce metal artifacts by adapting the scanning trajectory. Yet, these methods fail to translate to clinical practice due to remaining methodological constraints and missing workflow integration.

Methods
In this work, we propose a method to compute the spatial distribution and calibrated strengths of expected artifacts for a given tilted circular trajectory. By visualizing this as an overlay changing with the C-Arm’s tilt, we enable the clinician to interactively choose an optimal trajectory while factoring in the procedural context and clinical task. We then evaluate this method in a realistic human cadaver study and compare the achieved image quality to acquisitions optimized using global metrics.

Results
We assess the effectiveness of the compared methods by evaluation of image quality gradings of depicted pedicle screws. We find that both global metrics as well as the proposed visualization of artifact distribution enable a drastic improvement compared to standard non-tilted scans. Furthermore, the novel interactive visualization yields a significant improvement in subjective image quality compared to the state-of-the-art global metrics. Additionally we show that by formulating an imaging task, the proposed method allows to selectively optimize image quality and avoid artifacts in the region of interest.

Conclusion
We propose a method to spatially resolve predicted artifacts and provide a calibrated measure for artifact strength grading. This interactive MAA method proved practical and effective in reducing metal artifacts in the conducted cadaver study. We believe this study serves as a crucial step toward clinical application of an MAA system to improve image quality and enhance the clinical validation of implant placement.
Gesundheitskompetenz und Pflege – eine Analyse der professionsbezogenen Förderung von Gesundheitskompetenz bei Patient*innen in der akutstationären Versorgung
Authors: Fischbock Nadine , Naef Aurélia Naoko , Rathmann Katharina , Dierks Marie-Luise 
Published: May 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund und Ziel
Gesundheitsorganisationen mit den dort beschäftigten Gesundheitsprofessionen haben großen Einfluss auf die Förderung der Gesundheitskompetenz (GK) ihrer Adressat*innen. Die Studie untersucht, ob und wie Pflegefachpersonen (PFP) in der akutstationären Versorgung ihre Patient*innen beim Zugang, beim Verstehen, Beurteilen und Anwenden von Gesundheitsinformationen (Dimensionen der GK nach Sørensen et al.) unterstützen.

Studiendesign
Mittels teilnehmender Beobachtung und Ad-hoc-Interviews wurden 12 PFP über 4 h in 6 Krankenhäusern auf Stationen der inneren Medizin begleitet. Die Datenanalyse erfolgte mittels inhaltlich strukturierender Inhaltsanalyse.

Ergebnisse
Die PFP sind für Patient*innen eine wichtige Ressource im Zugang zu Gesundheitsinformationen in der akutstationären Versorgung. Auch wenn den meisten PFP das Konzept der GK nicht bekannt ist, fördern sie diese in unterschiedlicher Weise. Abhängig ist dies vom Ausmaß des individuellen, patientenzugewandten Verhaltens. Die Dimensionen „Zugang“ und „Verstehen“ werden häufiger unterstützt als die Dimensionen „Beurteilen“ und „Anwenden“.

Schlussfolgerung
Um die GK von Patient*innen in akutstationären Einrichtungen zu fördern, ist ein Verständnis für die Relevanz gesundheitskompetenzfördernder Maßnahmen bei Gesundheitsprofessionen entscheidend. Erforderlich sind Strukturen und Prozesse, die GK-förderndes Alltagshandeln der PFP ermöglichen. Gleichzeitig sollte das Thema GK in Aus‑, Fort- und Weiterbildung systematisch integriert werden.
Influence of TiB2 Incorporation on Microstructural Evolution in Laser-Clad FeCrV15 + TiB2 Deposits
Authors: Aramide B. P. , Jamiru T. , Adegbola T. A. , Popoola A. P. I. , Sadiku E. R. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractVanadium carbide (VC)-reinforced Fe-based hard facings are pivotal in enhancing the wear resistance of tools prone to mechanical damage. This study investigates the impact of titanium diboride (TiB2) addition (at varying laser power and powder federate) on the microstructure, hardness, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance of high-carbon ferrochrome FeCrV15 clad coatings for agricultural and mining applications. Laser cladding techniques were employed to deposit coatings on steel substrates, and the samples were subjected to comprehensive material characterization, including microhardness testing, wear studies, and electrochemical polarization. Results reveal that TiB2 addition led to visible reactions during deposition, resulting in decreased hardness compared to pure FeCrV15 coatings. Moreover, TiB2 incorporation adversely affected the anti-corrosion properties of the coatings, although FeCrV15 coatings exhibited superior corrosion resistance compared to FeCrV15 + TiB2 coatings. Tribological evaluations showed that all coatings exhibited better anti-wear capabilities compared to the steel substrate, with varying degrees of improvement influenced by TiB2 concentration and laser beam power. Overall, FeCrV15 deposits demonstrated superior anti-wear and anti-corrosion properties compared to FeCrV15 + TiB2 coatings and attributed to increased convergence of carbide particles and higher grain-boundary density. This research contributes to understanding the intricate interplay between carbide reinforcement and matrix structure in Fe-based hard facings, providing insights for optimizing coating performance in demanding industrial applications.
Radial solutions of a pseudo-differential equations associated with a p-adic non-local ultradiffusion operator
Authors: Galeano-Peñaloza Jeanneth , Casas-Sánchez Oscar Francisco 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper is dedicated to study some pseudo-differential equations related to the operator $$D^{\alpha }_{d_1,d_2}$$

D

d
1

,

d
2

α

with symbol $$\mathcal {A}^{\alpha }_{d_1,d_2}(x)=\max \left\{ |x|_p^{d_1},\ |x|_p^{d_2}\right\} ^\alpha $$

A

d
1

,

d
2

α

(
x
)

=
max

|
x
|

p

d
1

,

|
x
|

p

d
2

α

, acting on a radial function $$\varphi (|x|_p)$$

φ
(
|
x

|
p

)

. The importance of this symbol is that it is a generalization of Vladimirov and Bessel operators. Our research provides conditions for the existence of its right inverse and the explicit formulae for both operators, as well as a practical application. The inverse allows solving a Cauchy problem with the operator, which can be reduced to an integral equation whose properties are similar to those of the classical Volterra equation. We also find conditions for the existence and uniqueness of a mild solution for a degenerate nonlinear Cauchy problem.
Blood Pressure Management in Intracerebral Haemorrhage: when, how much, and for how long?
Authors: Mutimer Chloe A. , Yassi Nawaf , Wu Teddy Y 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
When compared to ischaemic stroke, there have been limited advances in acute management of intracerebral haemorrhage. Blood pressure control in the acute period is an intervention commonly implemented and recommended in guidelines, as elevated systolic blood pressure is common and associated with haematoma expansion, poor functional outcomes, and mortality. This review addresses the uncertainty around the optimal blood pressure intervention, specifically timing and length of intervention, intensity of blood pressure reduction and agent used.

Recent Findings
Recent pivotal trials have shown that acute blood pressure intervention, to a systolic target of 140mmHg, does appear to be beneficial in ICH, particularly when bundled with other therapies such as neurosurgery in selected cases, access to critical care units, blood glucose control, temperature management and reversal of coagulopathy.

Summary
Systolic blood pressure should be lowered acutely in intracerebral haemorrhage to a target of approximately 140mmHg, and that this intervention is generally safe in the ICH population.
Plasma electrolytic oxidation based superhydrophobic coatings: fabrication, rudiments, and constraints
Authors: Adeleke Sakiru A. , Caldona Eugene B. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPlasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) has evolved as a versatile technique for depositing low surface energy organic-based materials useful in fabricating superhydrophobic (SHP) coating materials. The application of silane-based polymeric organic materials atop PEO coating is the most common method to prepare coating materials for wetting and corrosion protection. Herein, the latest developments in PEO-based coatings employing polymeric/silane-based organic materials with the inclusion of ceramic oxides are reviewed, with emphasis on the structure, wettability, and corrosion resistance. The relevant and existing fundamental design theories and strategies for fabricating highly efficient SHP PEO coatings are also outlined and discussed. The systemic design of SHP coatings by deposition from organic particle dispersion and their inclusion into PEO-micropore layers, as well as the most important parameters affecting the properties of PEO-assisted SHP-based coatings, are highlighted. Furthermore, the merits and challenges of the PEO-assisted SHP-based coating fabrication are critically evaluated to identify remaining challenges and future research directions.
P4HA2 contributes to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma progression and EMT through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway
Authors: Wu Yan-Ling , Liu Wan , Zhao Tingting , Jin Jing 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHead and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) can be defined as a deadly illness with a dismal prognosis in advanced stages. Therefore, we seek to examine P4HA2 expression and effect in HNSCC, along with the underlying mechanisms. This study utilized integrated bioinformatics analyses to evaluate the P4HA2 expression pattern, prognostic implication, and probable function in HNSCC. The study conducted various in vitro experiments, including colony formation, CCK-8, flow cytometry, wound healing, and transwell assays, on the human HNSCC cell line CAL-27 to examine the involvement of P4HA2 in HNSCC progression. Moreover, western blotting was used to investigate epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers and PI3K/AKT pathway markers to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. P4HA2 expression was significantly enhanced in HNSCC, and its overexpression was correlated to tumor aggressiveness and a poor prognosis in patients. Based on in vitro experiments, the overexpressed P4HA2 enhanced cell proliferation, migration, invasion, as well as EMT while reducing apoptosis, whereas P4HA2 silencing exhibited the reverse effect. P4HA2 overexpression enhanced PI3K/AKT phosphorylation in HNSCC cells. Moreover, LY294002 was observed to counteract the effects of upregulated P4HA2 on proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT in HNSCC. Collectively, we indicated that P4HA2 promoted HNSCC progression and EMT via PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
Iron Metabolism and Ferroptosis in Early Brain Injury after Subarachnoid Haemorrhage
Authors: Ge Shihao , Jing Ziwen , Wang Lele , Cui Xiaocong , Zhang Xin , Wang Xiaopeng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAt present, it appears that the prognosis for subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH), which has a high death and disability rate, cannot be greatly improved by medication or other treatment. Recent research suggests that different types of cell death are implicated in early brain injury (EBI) after SAH, and this has been recognised as a major factor impacting the prognosis of SAH. Ferroptosis, which is a recently identified imbalance of iron metabolism and programmed cell death triggered by phospholipid peroxidation, has been shown to be involved in EBI after SAH and is thought to have a significant impact on EBI. The decomposition of cleaved haemoglobin during SAH involves the release of enormous amounts of free iron, resulting in iron metabolism disorders. Potential therapeutic targets for the signalling pathways of iron metabolism disorders and ferroptosis after SAH are constantly being discovered. To serve as a guide for research into other possible therapeutic targets, this paper will briefly describe the mechanisms of dysregulated iron metabolism and ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of SAH and highlight how they are involved in the development and promotion of EBI in SAH.
What can we say about the longer-term impacts of a living lab experiment to save energy at home?
Authors: Matschoss Kaisa , Laakso Senja , Heiskanen Eva 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThere is a wide evidence base on various interventions to change energy behaviours in households, but limited evidence on their long-term effects. It is argued that interventions in individual behaviours are subject to attrition over time following the withdrawal of the intervention. Evaluation of these arguments is difficult since the conditions and composition of households change over time, making it hard to isolate the effects of a behavioural intervention several years later. Social practice theory argues for interventions that do not target individual attitudes or behaviours but focus instead on household practices (such as laundering and heating homes), and the underlying notions of cleanliness and comfort that are the causes of energy use in households. In contrast to behaviours, practices are also seen as socially shared, bundled with other practices, and embedded in social structures and processes. Practices are durable entities that persist over time; true practice change would hence entail durable intervention impacts. Our paper qualitatively investigates the long-term effects (2018–2023) of a practice-based living lab intervention that aimed to influence laundry and heating practices in Finnish households. We compare how the new or changed practices of 21 households, learned during the intervention, have persisted through societal changes (i.e., the Covid pandemic and the energy crisis), and whether these new or changed practices helped households to deal better with these crises. In this way, we contribute to, and also reframe, the problem of evaluating long-term effects, and critically consider the persistence of small-scale interventions in practices.
Segregation test—a standardisable test for suffusion assessment of granular soils
Authors: To Peter , Vang Soo , Dempsey Shenese , van Donderen-Livock Jayden , Saayman Rico 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSuffusion is arguably the most complicated type of internal erosion. Although there are several popular assessment methods, the most realiable assessment is possibly still laboratory testing. However, there is not a standardised test for suffusion yet as different laboratories use different equipment and test configurations. Hence, a reliable comparison of outcomes across laboratories may not be able to achieve yet. This paper presents a new and simple, but very effective, way to test the susceptibility of soil to internal erosion using a novel segregation test. The test employs standard equipment which can be easily found in any geotechnical laboratory. There are some common characteristics of internal erosion and transport segregation, where fine particles are transported through the pore constrictions formed by the soil’s primary fabric. In segregation, particles are transported by gravitational/mechanical force to the bottom of the soil mass. Meanwhile, they are washed out of the soil mass by hydraulic force in internal erosion. Laboratory testing for internal erosion often requires specific equipment and a long duration. Meanwhile, segregation test could be undertaken with standardised sieving tower, which is available in any geotechnical laboratory. The approach was verified with an acrylic setup and some 3D-printed details. Later, the tests of 25 mixtures were undertaken with standard sieving sets. The correlation of laboratory results shows good agreement and prompts the common application of the new approach. The new test may not be able to completely replace the conventional suffusion test yet as it overlooks the critical hydraulic gradients at this stage, but it can be very useful if the research focuses on only the erodible mass and susceptibility to suffusion. In addition, it is a standardisable test with no specific requirements on equipment. The new approach may also be a starting point to study other types of internal erosion.