bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chlamydia pneumoniaeinfection is associated with elevated body mass index in young men
Authors: RANTALA A. , LAJUNEN T. , JUVONEN R. , BLOIGU A. , PALDANIUS M. , SILVENNOINEN-KASSINEN S. , PEITSO A. , VAINIO O. , LEINONEN M. , SAIKKU P. 
Published: December 2009

SUMMARYChlamydia pneumoniaeinfection is said to be associated with obesity. We studied the association betweenC. pneumoniaeinfection and inflammation and increased BMI in 891 Finnish military recruits. IgG seropositivity in arrival and departure serum samples during 6–12 months of military service was considered as persistence of antibodies and a possible indication of chronic infection. Persistently high C-reactive protein (CRP) level (elevated on arrival and departure) (OR 2·2, 95% CI 1·3–3·9), and persistentC. pneumoniaeantibodies (OR 2·1, 95% CI 1·5–2·8) were significant risk factors for overweight (BMI ⩾25 kg/m2). In addition, those who had persistent antibodies and persistently elevated CRP levels, or those who had either of them, had a significantly higher BMI (kg/m2) compared to those who had neither of them (25·8vs. 24·6vs. 23·5, respectively;P<0·001). These results provide new information about the association between possible chronicC. pneumoniaeinfection and obesity in young men.
Mixture-model based estimation of gene expression variance from public database improves identification of differentially expressed genes in small sized microarray data
Authors: Kim Mingoo , Cho Sung Bum , Kim Ju Han 
Published: December 2009

Abstract
Motivation: The small number of samples in many microarray experiments is a challenge for the correct identification of differentially expressed gens (DEGs) by conventional statistical means. Information from public microarray databases can help more efficient identification of DEGs. To model various experimental conditions of a public microarray database, we applied Gaussian mixture model and extracted bi- or tri-modal distributions of gene expression. Prior variance of Baldi's Bayesian framework was estimate for the analysis of the small sample-sized datasets.
Results: First, we estimated the prior variance of a gene expression by pooling variances obtained from mixture modeling of large samples in the public microarray database. Then, using the prior variance, we identified DEGs in small sample-sized test datasets using the Baldi's framework. For benchmark study, we generated test datasets having several samples from relatively large datasets. Our proposed method outperformed other benchmark methods in terms of detecting gold-standard DEGs from the test datasets. The results may be a challenging evidence for usage of public microarray databases in microarray data analysis.
Availability: Supplementary data are available at http://www.snubi.org/publication/MixBayes
Contact: juhan@snu.ac.kr
r2cat: synteny plots and comparative assembly
Authors: Husemann Peter , Stoye Jens 
Published: December 2009

Abstract
Summary: Recent parallel pyrosequencing methods and the increasing number of finished genomes encourage the sequencing and investigation of closely related strains. Although the sequencing itself becomes easier and cheaper with each machine generation, the finishing of the genomes remains difficult. Instead of the desired whole genomic sequence, a set of contigs is the result of the assembly. In this applications note, we present the tool r2cat (related reference contig arrangement tool) that helps in the task of comparative assembly and also provides an interactive visualization for synteny inspection.
Availability: http://bibiserv.techfak.uni-bielefeld.de/r2cat
Contact: peter.husemann@cebitec.uni-bielefeld.de
Separate but Equal: Complementary Influences of the Mother and Father on the Narrator's Development in Proust's
A la recherche du temps perdu
Authors: Grenet Julie 
Published: December 2009

Abstract

This article aims to show how, notwithstanding the tendency in Proustian criticism to focus on maternal influence, in
A la recherche du temps perdu
both parents contribute to the narrator's artistic development. In a sort of reversed Aristotelian paradigm, the mother is associated with culture, igniting the narrator's passion for art and reading, whilst the father is associated with nature and sensual experiences that stimulate the imagination. The ‘maternal’ Venice the narrator visits with his mother in
Albertine disparue
, the Venice of perennial monuments to which he relates as receptor, is contrasted with the ‘paternal’ Venice of
Combray
to which he relates as creator and which is a pure product of his imagination, composed of floral imagery that grows out of the father's announcement of vacation plans. The father's Venice connects the present to an as-yet unrealized future, emphasizing the diachronic passage of time in a process similar to that of creating a narrative that links him to writing. It is the ostensible counterpart to the mother's Venice, which, in
Le Temps retrouvé
, connects past and present in the resuscitated image of a bygone synchronous moment captured by involuntary memory. Liminal figures illustrate that Proust does not simply reverse the mother-nature/father-culture paradigm. Paternal aunt Léonie, integrating the maternal and the paternal, is a caricatural portrait of the artist underscoring their complementary influence on artistic creation.
Masochisme, hétérologie et passion dans
Le Mort
de Georges Bataille
Authors: Berney Patricia 
Published: December 2009

Abstract

En 1931, Georges Bataille emploie pour la première fois le terme ‘hétérologie’. Ce néologisme décrit l'expression
impossible
d'un phénomène qui nie l'ordre du langage: l'hétérogène. Cet article a pour but d'aborder l'expression de l'hétérologie bataillienne en tant que réponse à l'appropriation de l'œuvre de Sade par les surréalistes, et par André Breton en premier lieu, telle qu'elle est pratiquée dans un court récit,
Le Mort
. Prenant comme point d'entrée les personnages de Marie et du comte, l'article explore la relation entre le masochisme et la pratique scripturale de l'hétérologie. Il aborde aussi la signification des allusions faites par Bataille dans ce récit à la passion du Christ et au rituel catholique du chemin de croix.

Lire
Le Mort
comme exemple de l'hétérologie bataillienne nous permet de répondre à plusieurs questions importantes. Est-il possible d'exprimer l'hétérogène dans le contexte littéraire? Pourquoi l'hétérologie se manifeste-t-elle de manière violente, blasphématoire et masochiste dans
Le Mort
? Y a-t-il un lien entre l'hétérologie du
Mort
et la tradition sadienne à laquelle ce texte fait allusion? Enfin,
Le Mort
constitue-t-il une réponse à la lecture du ‘divin marquis’ faite par les surréalistes?
Perioperative Intravenous Amiodarone Does Not Reduce the Burden of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Valvular Surgery
Authors: Beaulieu Yanick , Denault André Y. , Couture Pierre , Roy Denis , Talajic Mario , O'Meara Eileen , Carrier Michel , Pagé Pierre , Levesque Sylvie , Lambert Jean , Tardif Jean-Claude 
Published: December 2009

Background
Atrial fibrillation is a common complication after cardiac surgery. Postoperative atrial fibrillation is associated with increased risks of morbidity and mortality, and, therefore, preventive strategies using oral amiodarone have been developed but are often unpractical. Intravenous amiodarone administered after the induction of anesthesia and continued postoperatively for 48 h could represent an effective strategy to prevent postoperative atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing cardiac valvular surgery.

Methods
Single-center, double-blinded, double-dummy, randomized controlled trial in patients undergoing valvular surgery. Patients received either an intravenous loading dose of 300 mg of amiodarone or placebo in the operating room, followed by a perfusion of 15 mg . kg(-1) . 24 h(-1) for 2 days. The primary endpoint was the development of atrial fibrillation occurring at any time within the postoperative period.

Results
One hundred twenty patients were randomly assigned (mean age was 65 +/- 11 yr). Overall atrial fibrillation occurred more frequently in the perioperative intravenous amiodarone group compared with the placebo group (59.3 vs. 40.0%; P = 0.035). Four preoperative factors were found to be independently associated with a higher risk of developing postoperative atrial fibrillation: older age (P = 0.0003), recent myocardial infarction (<6 months; P = 0.026), preoperative angina (P = 0.0326), and use of a calcium channel blocker preoperatively (P = 0.0078) when controlling for groups.

Conclusion
In patients undergoing cardiac valvular surgery, a strategy using intravenous amiodarone for 48 h is not efficacious in reducing the risk of atrial fibrillation during cardiac valvular surgery.
Oral Gancyclovir Therapy for Immunocompetent Infants With Cytomegalovirus‐associated Hemorrhagic or Intractable Enterocolitis
Authors: Nigro Giovanni , Pietrobattista Andrea , Divito Simonetta , Gambarara Manuela 
Published: December 2009

ABSTRACTThree infants, who had prenatal or immediately postnatal cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection associated with persistently severe enterocolitis requiring total parenteral or nasal gastric feeding, were treated with gancyclovir. The intestinal CMV involvement was shown by the detection of CMV‐DNA in the stools of all 3 infants and in the enteral sample from 1 of 2 biopsied infants. Gancyclovir, when given intravenously to the infants, was not followed by CMV clearance or stable clinical improvement. On the contrary, oral gancyclovir that was given for 1‐ to 2‐month courses at the dosage of 70 mg/kg, was associated with clinical improvement or recovery and reintroduction of oral feeding. Cytomegalovirus‐DNA detection became persistently negative in the stools of the infants within 17 months after starting oral gancyclovir. Each child showed normal growth and sensorial, mental, and motor development at the age of 4.7 to 6 years. Oral gancyclovir may be suggested for treatment of CMV‐associated chronic hemorrhagic or intractable enterocolitis.
Apyrase (Nucleoside Triphosphate-Diphosphohydrolase) and Extracellular Nucleotides Regulate Cotton Fiber Elongation in Cultured Ovules
Authors: Clark Greg , Torres Jonathan , Finlayson Scott , Guan Xueying , Handley Craig , Lee Jinsuk , Kays Julia E. , Chen Z. Jeffery , Roux Stanley J. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractEctoapyrase enzymes remove the terminal phosphate from extracellular nucleoside tri- and diphosphates. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), two ectoapyrases, AtAPY1 and AtAPY2, have been implicated as key modulators of growth. In fibers of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), transcript levels for GhAPY1 and GhAPY2, two closely related ectoapyrases that have high sequence similarity to AtAPY1 and AtAPY2, are up-regulated when fibers enter their rapid growth phase. In an ovule culture system, fibers release ATP as they grow, and when their ectoapyrase activity is blocked by the addition of polyclonal anti-apyrase antibodies or by two different small molecule inhibitors, the medium ATP level rises and fiber growth is suppressed. High concentrations of the poorly hydrolyzable nucleotides ATPγS and ADPβS applied to the medium inhibit fiber growth, and low concentrations of them stimulate growth, but treatment with adenosine 5′-O-thiomonophosphate causes no change in the growth rate. Both the inhibition and stimulation of growth by applied nucleotides can be blocked by an antagonist that blocks purinoceptors in animal cells, and by adenosine. Treatment of cotton ovule cultures with ATPγS induces increased levels of ethylene, and two ethylene antagonists, aminovinylglycine and silver nitrate, block both the growth stimulatory and growth inhibitory effects of applied nucleotides. In addition, the ethylene precursor, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid, lowers the concentration of nucleotide needed to promote fiber growth. These data indicate that ectoapyrases and extracellular nucleotides play a significant role in regulating cotton fiber growth and that ethylene is a likely downstream component of the signaling pathway.
Censusing large mammals in Kibale National Park: evaluation of the intensity of sampling required to determine change
Authors: Wanyama Fredrick , Muhabwe Richard , Plumptre Andrew J. , Chapman Colin A. , Rothman Jessica M. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractMonitoring programmes are essential for management of large mammal populations because they can detect population change. It is vital that we have the means to evaluate the effectiveness of protected areas. Kibale National Park is a stronghold for large mammal conservation in Uganda. Past wildlife surveys in Kibale focused on specific taxa or areas, but our large mammal survey covered the entire protected area and we evaluated the intensity of sampling required to determine population change. Using line transect sampling, we found that the distribution of large mammals was nonrandom and related to habitat‐type. However, confidence intervals of population estimates revealed that much more intensive sampling was required to detect changes in population density at a time scale reasonable for management. For many species, populations would have to decline by 40–60% for this method to detect population change. Post‐stratification decreased confidence intervals of density estimates slightly, increasing our ability to detect change. However, confidence intervals of estimates were still too large to detect a meaningful population change on a time scale that would allow management to take action. Most incidences of illegal activity were about 5 km from the park boundary; however, animal densities were not lower in this area.
Dic(17;18)(p11.2;p11.2) is a recurring abnormality in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia associated with aggressive disease
Authors: Woyach Jennifer A. , Heerema Nyla A. , Zhao John , McFaddin Andrew , Stark Amy , Lin Thomas S. , Andritsos Leslie A. , Blum Kristie A. , Flynn Joseph M. , Jones Jeffrey A. , Byrd John C. 
Published: December 2009

SummaryInterphase cytogenetics are commonly used to identify clonal abnormalities in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients but fail to identify recurrent translocations that ultimately can direct more focused molecular characterization. Given the importance of del(17p13.1) in CLL outcome, we performed an extensive review of 1213 patients undergoing metaphase cytogenetics at our institution and identified 16 (1·3%) with a recurrent unbalanced translocation between the p arms of chromosomes 17 and 18 that results in a dicentric chromosome with loss of much of 17p and 18p. The dic(17;18)(p11.2;p11.2) was associated with a complex (three or more unrelated cytogenetic abnormalities) karyotype in 12 patients (75%) at the time that the abnormality was first identified, and eventually associated with a complex karyotype in 94% of patients. IGHV mutational analysis was un‐mutated in 88% of cases where evaluation was possible. Except for one patient who was diagnosed with CLL incidentally during a workup for metastatic tonsillar cancer, all patients identified with dic(17;18)(p11.2;p11.2) met criteria for disease treatment, with a median time from diagnosis to first treatment of 15 months. Our data demonstrate that dic(17;18)(p11.2;p11.2) is a novel recurrent cytogenetic abnormality in CLL associated with early age at diagnosis and accelerated disease progression. Future efforts to identify genes disrupted by this translocation are warranted and ongoing.
Validating nurses’ and nursing assistants’ report of assessing pain in older people with dementia
Authors: Chen Yi‐Heng , Lin Li‐Chan , Watson Roger 
Published: December 2009

Aims and objectives.  To evaluate the usefulness of registered nurses’ (RNs) and nursing assistants’ (NAs) pain report among 304 institutional older people with dementia and elucidate the factors influencing the agreement of pain reports within dyadic assessors.Background.  Using informant reports has been suggested as an effective strategy to solve the dilemma of pain assessment in people with dementia. However, the validity of pain information provided by institutional caregivers is still under‐investigated.Design.  A prospective study was undertaken in six dementia special care units in Northern Taiwan.Methods.  Both the four‐item pain inventory and Doloplus‐2 scale were used to investigate different raters’ pain reports.Results.  Across pain variables, fair to moderate agreement was noted in RNs’ assessment (Kappa = 0·29–0·42), but poor agreement in NAs assessment (Kappa = 0·11–0·24). Comparing mean scores on intensity, frequency of pain and Doloplus‐2, statistically systematic bias existed in most pairs, but the greater bias occurred in NAs’ assessment. In logistic regression analysis, when pain was assessed by the pain inventory, residents’ cognitive impairment level and caregiver’s age were associated with the agreement of pain presence perceived in either resident‐nurse or resident‐NA pairs. Nevertheless, when pain was rated by the Doloplus‐2 scale, only residents’ physical function influenced the agreement of pain report for both research assistants (RAs)–nurse and RAs–NA pairs.Conclusions.  Nurses’ pain report across pain variables may be more reliable than NAs. Furthermore, factors influencing the agreement of pain assessed by self‐report measurement or behavioural observations may be different, needing further investigation.Relevance to clinical practice.  Pain inquiry and behavioural observation should be performed routinely as the fifth vital sign for developing effective care plans. Institutional caregivers should be used as alternative or complementary informants for assessing pain in older people with dementia.
A systematic review of what factors attract and retain nurses in aged and dementia care
Authors: Chenoweth Lynn , Jeon Yun‐Hee , Merlyn Teri , Brodaty Henry 
Published: December 2009

Aim.  To present evidence‐based factors for the recruitment and retention of licensed nurses caring for older people and persons with dementia.Background.  The international nurse shortage crisis is intensified in the aged and dementia care sector. Strategies to address this crisis rely on qualitative, quasi‐experimental, anecdotal and unsubstantiated literature.Design.  Systematic literature review.Method.  Search terms ‘nurse’‘nurses’‘nursing’‘clinical supervision’‘staff’‘staffing’‘staff mix’‘staff levels’‘recruitment’‘retention’‘aged care’‘gerontology’‘gerontological’‘dementia care’‘residential’‘nursing home,’ were used in all possible combinations and applied in a wide range of relevant academic databases, with secondary hand searches of selected bibliographies.Results.  Two hundred and twenty‐six papers were retrieved and scanned, with 105 chosen for closer examination that were relevant to recruitment and retention strategies for dementia and aged care nursing. Twenty‐five of the papers chosen for review were rated at level 2++ to 3, according to the guidelines of the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (The NICE Guidelines Manual, National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, London). The 25 critically reviewed papers are organised as promising strategies for (1) nurse recruitment and (2) nurse retention.Conclusions.  The intrinsic rewards of the caring role attract nurses to dementia and aged care. Essential strategies linking recruitment with retention are: careful selection of student nurse clinical placements and their ongoing supervision and education, training for skills, leadership and teamwork for new and existing nurses, increased staffing levels, pay parity across different health settings and family friendly policies.Relevance to clinical practice.  A family‐friendly, learning environment that values and nurtures its nursing staff, in the same way as nurses are expected to value and care for their patients and residents, is critical in ensuring their retention in dementia and aged care.
A theory of meaning of caregiving for parents of mentally ill children in Taiwan, a qualitative study
Authors: Yen Wen‐Jiuan , Teng Ching‐Hwa , Huang Xuan‐Yi , Ma Wei‐Fen , Lee Sheuan , Tseng Hsiu‐Chih 
Published: December 2009

Aims and objectives.  The aim of this study is to generate a theory of meaning of care‐giving for parents of mentally ill children in Taiwan.Background.  Studies indicate that the meaning of care‐giving plays an important role in the psychological adjustment of care‐givers to care‐giving. With a positive meaning of care‐giving, care‐givers can accept their roles and adapt to them more readily.Design.  The research employs the qualitative method of grounded theory, the inquiry is based on symbolic interactionism.Methods.  Twenty parental care‐givers of children with schizophrenia were recruited at a private hospital in central Taiwan. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted. A comparative method was used to analyse the text and field notes.Results.  Responsibility (zeren) emerges as the core category or concept. Responsibility expresses broadly the behavioural principles that are culturally prescribed and centred on familial ethics and values. Related concepts and principles that influence caregiver actions and affections include a return of karma, challenges from local gods and fate. By maintaining their culturally prescribed interpretations of care‐giving, parents hope to give care indefinitely without complaints.Conclusions.  The findings clearly suggest that the meaning of care‐giving is determined through a process of internal debate that is shaped by culturally specific concepts. The paper attempts to explain some of these culturally specific determinants and explanations of care‐giving behaviour.Relevance to clinical practice.  The theory contributes knowledge about the meaning of care‐giving for parents of mentally ill children in Taiwan. It should be useful reference for mental health professionals, who provide counselling services to ethnically Taiwanese care‐givers.