bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Periodontal healing following reconstructive surgery: effect of guided tissue regeneration using a bioresorbable barrier device when combined with autogenous bone grafting. A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Nygaard‐Østby Per , Bakke Vibeke , Nesdal Oddny , Nilssen Helene Klerck , Susin Cristiano , Wikesjö Ulf M. E. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractObjective: The objective of this randomized‐controlled clinical trial was to evaluate the adjunctive effect of guided tissue regeneration (GTR) using a bioresorbable polylactic acid (PLA) barrier device when combined with autogenous bone grafting in the treatment of deep intra‐bony periodontal defects.Material and Methods: Forty systemically healthy patients (20 females; mean age 53 years; non‐smokers) participated in the study. Using a parallel‐group study design, one intra‐bony defect in each of 20 subjects received GTR using the bioresorbable PLA barrier device (Atrisorb®), combined with autogenous bone grafting. One intra‐bony defect in each of the remaining 20 subjects received bone grafting solo (control). Treatments were evaluated at 9 months post‐surgery.Results: One patient (GTR) was withdrawn from the study due to circumstances unrelated to the study. Eighty‐nine per cent of the PLA barriers became exposed within 3 weeks following surgery. Pre‐surgery probing depths for GTR and control intra‐bony defects averaged (±SE) 7.1±0.3 mm. Significant probing depth reduction (2.7±0.3 versus 2.4±0.4 mm), attachment‐level gain (1.7±0.3 versus 1.7±0.5 mm), and bone fill (1.2±0.4 versus 1.2±0.5 mm) were observed for the GTR and control sites, respectively (p0.02). However, there were no statistically significant differences between treatment protocols.Conclusions: The results suggest that GTR using the bioresorbable PLA barrier device does not provide additional value to reconstructive surgery including autogenous bone grafting in intra‐bony periodontal defects.
Is there a temporal trend in the reported treatment efficacy of periodontal regeneration? A meta‐analysis of randomized‐controlled trials
Authors: Tu Yu‐Kang , Tugnait Aradhna , Clerehugh Valerie 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackground/Aim: The aim of study was to conduct a meta‐analysis to investigate whether or not there was a temporal trend in the treatment efficacy reported in the randomized‐controlled trials (RCTs) on guided tissue regeneration (GTR) or enamel matrix protein derivatives (EMD) in the treatment of infrabony defects.Material and Methods: The treatment outcomes were changes in probing pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL). Weighted multilevel and ordinary regression analyses were performed to test the temporal relationship between treatment effect difference or treatment effectiveness and publication years.Results: For PPD reduction, non‐significant positive relationships were found in the treatment effect difference or treatment effect of both GTR and flap operation. For CAL gain, a small positive relationship was found in the treatment effect difference, but a significant positive trend in the treatment effect of flap operation was found. No significant temporal trend was found in the treatment effect difference for EMD.Conclusions: There was no evidence to support or refute a temporal trend in the treatment effect of regenerative procedures, but a positive trend was observed in the control group. These results suggest that only RCTs should be included in the meta‐analysis, as the treatment effect of the control group may not be constant.
Long‐term effect of the combined use of powered toothbrush and triclosan dentifrice in periodontal maintenance patients
Authors: Bogren Anna , Teles Ricardo P. , Torresyap Gay , Haffajee Anne D. , Socransky Sigmund S. , Jönsson Kerstin , Wennström Jan L. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAim: To test the hypothesis of a superior clinical and microbiological effect of the combined use of powered toothbrush+triclosan‐containing dentifrice compared with manual toothbrush+regular fluoride‐containing dentifrice in periodontal maintenance patients.Material and Methods: A total of 128 periodontitis subjects involved in recall programmes were randomized to use either powered toothbrush with triclosan‐dentifrice (test) or manual toothbrush and standard dentifrice (control). Supportive periodontal treatment was provided at baseline and every 6 months. Plaque, bleeding on probing (BoP), probing pocket depth (PPD) and relative attachment level (RAL) were scored at baseline, 1, 2 and 3 years. Subgingival plaque samples were taken and analysed for their content of 40 bacterial species at each examination interval. All analyses were performed by “intention‐to‐treat” protocol.Results: Both groups showed significant reduction in BoP, PPD and in mean total counts of the 40 bacterial species between baseline and 3 years, while plaque score and RAL remained almost unchanged. No significant differences between the two prevention programmes were found for any of the clinical outcome variables or in mean counts of the various bacterial species.Conclusions: The study failed to demonstrate superior clinical and microbiological effects of powered toothbrush+triclosan dentifrice compared with manual toothbrush+standard fluoride‐dentifrice in periodontitis‐susceptible patients on regular maintenance therapy.
Estimation of the primary productivity of Spartina alterniflora using a canopy model
Authors: Dai Ting , Wiegert Richard G. 
Published: August 2010

A comprehensive canopy productivity model was built to study the productivity of a primary salt marsh grass, Spartina alterniflora. in Georgia, USA The canopy model was unique in employing plant demographic data to reconstruct canopy profiles and dynamics, which showed many growth processes that are otherwise difficult to discern in the field By linking canopy dynamics and leaf photosynthesis, the net total primary productivity of S alterniflora m a Georgia salt marsh was estimated to be 1421, 749, and 1441 g C m‐2 yr‐1 for the tall, short, and N‐fertilized short populations respectively These estimates are reasonable in terms of the physiological capacity of S alterniflora and well below the range of 3000–4200 g C m‐2 yr‐1 as reported by some recent harvest studies Our detailed analysis suggested the net total productivity of S alterniflora might be greatly overestimated in the past This is mainly because of 1) failure to consider the translocation of photosynthate between aboveground and belowground parts, and 2) possible overestimates of belowground production We estimated the net belowground production to be 872, 397, and 762 g C m‐2 yr‐1 for the tall, short, and N‐fertilized populations respectivelyAfter receiving nitrogen fertilizer, the net leaf carbon fixation in the short population increased from 1489 to 2487 g C m‐2 yr‐1, and our simulation showed the contribution of elevated leaf N to this increase was small, 21%, compared with that of increased leaf area, 79% Both tall and short populations allocated ca 48‐49% of their annual gross leaf carbon fixation to belowground structures Nitrogen enrichment caused more allocation to aboveground parts in the short population, mainly for increasing leaf area The canopy model assumed that there was no leaf photosynthesis under tidal submergence, but if this assumption was relaxed, then leaf carbon fixation might increase 7–13% for different S alterniflora populationsAlthough this research focused only on a salt marsh species, our general approaches, especially the coupling of leaf physiology with the reconstructed canopies, should be applicable to the study of production processes of many other plant populations
Diversity of butterflies in the agricultural landscape: the role of farming system and landscape heterogeneity
Authors: Weibull Ann‐Christin , Bengtsson Jan , Nohlgren Eva 
Published: August 2010

To examine the importance of management practices and landscape structure on diversity of butterflies 16 farms with organic or conventional management were censused during 1997 and 1998. On each farm a transect route was walked during July and the beginning of August, six times in 1997 and five times in 1998. The farms were located in the central part of Sweden in two adjacent regions with the same pool of species. The organic and conventional farms were paired with help of the Bray‐Curtis dissimilarity index according to land use to control for landscape structure on the farm level.On each farm calculations were made of large‐ and small‐scale landscape heterogeneity with the help of GIS. A grid with a mesh size of 400 m was placed over each farm and the small‐scale heterogeneity was calculated as the mean habitat diversity of four squares. The large‐scale landscape heterogeneity described the landscape in which the farms were imbedded, and covered an area of 5x5 km.No differences in butterfly diversity, number of species or number of observations were noted between organic and conventional farms. Butterfly diversity was positively correlated with small‐scale landscape heterogeneity while butterfly abundance was positively correlated with large‐scale heterogeneity. Both large‐scale and small‐scale heterogeneity were important for the composition of species. The landscape structure seemed to be more important for butterfly diversity and species composition than the farming system in itself.
Highly sensitive detection of HPV‐DNA in paraffin sections of human oral carcinomas
Authors: Koyama Koichi , Uobe Kenichi , Tanaka Akio 
Published: August 2010

Background:  Although human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been shown to be a significant carcinogen in cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), its significance in oral SCC remains unclear.Methods:  We developed highly sensitive detection methods for HPV to elucidate the prevalence and localization of HPV in paraffin sections from human oral SCC using modified in situ polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in situ hybridization AT tailing (ISH‐AT). Analyses revealed a high prevalence of several HPV types (HPV‐16, ‐18, ‐22, ‐38 and ‐70) under optimal conditions. The ISH‐AT method can be used as an alternative to in situ PCR.Results:  Various staining patterns were observed in the 20 cases examined, and HPV‐positive cells were localized within the surface epithelium as well as in neoplastic cells. We demonstrated that HPV‐DNA could be detected in paraffin sections using either the method of in situ PCR or ISH, providing an appropriate primer and probe are used.Conclusion:  These results suggest that HPV infection could be one of several risk factors being involved in oral SCC.
Malignant transformation in 1458 patients with potentially malignant oral mucosal disorders: a follow‐up study based in a Taiwanese hospital
Authors: Hsue Shue‐Sang , Wang Wen‐Chen , Chen Chung‐Ho , Lin Cheng‐Chung , Chen Yuk‐Kwan , Lin Li‐Min 
Published: August 2010

Background:  It is generally accepted that the development of cancer in the oral mucosa is preceded by an identifiable non‐invasive precursor lesion. The aim of this follow‐up study was to estimate the rate and the time to transformation in a group of patients from southern Taiwan with potentially malignant oral epithelial lesions.Methods:  The follow‐up time is defined as the duration between the onset of the initial diagnosis and the occurrence of confirmed oral cancer. A total of 1458 patients with histological diagnoses of various pre‐malignant oral lesions were followed up between 1991 and 2001. The average age at initial diagnosis was 47.5 years. The histological diagnoses were divided into six categories: epithelial dysplasia with hyperkeratosis/epithelial hyperplasia (8.85%); epithelial dysplasia with submucous fibrosis (2.54%); submucous fibrosis (27.57%); hyperkeratosis/epithelial hyperplasia (29.01%); lichen planus (9.80%) and verrucous hyperplasia (22.22%).Results:  Within the cohort of 1458 patients, 44 patients progressed to oral cancer in the same site as the initial lesions with an overall transformation rate of 3.02% and a mean follow‐up time of 42.64 months. Eight of the 166 patients with dysplastic lesions and 15 of 423 patients with hyperkeratosis/epithelial hyperplasia progressed to malignancy. The other patients with malignant transformation originated from various pre‐cancerous oral lesions and conditions (submucous fibrosis, eight of 402; lichen planus, three of 143; verrucous hyperplasia, 10 of 324).Conclusion:  These results indicate that patients with pre‐malignant oral lesions need long‐term follow up.
Comparison of salivary calmodulin binding proteins in Sjögren's syndrome and healthy individuals
Authors: Deming Fanasy P. , Al‐Hashimi Ibtisam , Haghighat Nasser , Hallmon William W. , Kerns David G. , Abraham Celeste , Rivera‐Hidalgo Francisco 
Published: August 2010

Background:  Reduction in salivary secretion is the hallmark of Sjögren's syndrome (SS). Calmodulin (CaM) and calmodulin binding proteins (CaMBPs) play a key role in the secretory process of saliva. Recent studies have suggested that SS‐B, an autoantibody associated with SS, is a CaMBP. This finding suggests that CaMBP may contribute to the loss of saliva in SS. To better understand the role(s) of these proteins in SS, the purpose of this study was to compare salivary CaMBPs in Sjögren's patients and controls.Methods:  Saliva samples were collected from 20 patients and 20 age‐, race‐, and gender‐matched controls. CaM overlay was used to identify CaMBPs in saliva of patients and controls.Results:  Higher number of salivary CaMBPs was observed among patients than controls.Conclusions:  The increased number of salivary CaMBPs in SS may suggest a potential role for these proteins in the pathogenesis of the disease.
Claudins 1, 4, 5, 7 and occludin in ameloblastomas and developing human teeth
Authors: Bello Ibrahim O. , Soini Ylermi , Slootweg Pieter J. , Salo Tuula 
Published: August 2010

Background:  To analyze the distribution pattern of claudins 1, 4, 5, 7 and occludin in benign and malignant ameloblastomas and developing human teeth.Methods:  Paraffin‐embedded tissue specimens of 25 benign and four malignant ameloblastomas and two developing human teeth were examined immunohistochemically using antibodies against claudins 1, 4, 5, 7 and occludin.Results:  In ameloblastomas strongest expression was seen for claudins 1 and 7 while claudin 4 was expressed less frequently. Claudin 5 and occludin were seen only in a minority of cases. There were no evident differences in the expression of claudins or occludin neither between different histologic subtypes of ameloblastomas nor between benign or malignant cases. The strongest expression for claudins was present in the central stellatum reticulum‐like cells surrounding the microcysts and in the areas with squamous differentiation of the ameloblastomas. In developing teeth both claudin 1 and 7 stained strongly in the enamel epithelium, ameloblasts, and enamel matrix, but staining for claudin 4 was relatively weak. Claudin 5 was preferentially expressed only in vessels, and occludin staining ranged from negative to weak in ameloblastomas and teeth germs.Conclusion:  There were no clear differences in the expression levels between benign and malignant ameloblastic tumors. The overexpression of claudins in the areas with microcyst formation may indicate their attempt to maintain the interepithelial cohesion of the cells. The strong immunoreactivity of ameloblasts and newly synthesized enamel matrix for claudins 1 and 7 indicates that they may be involved in cell signaling influencing enamel formation.
Collagen XVIII modulation is altered during progression of oral dysplasia and carcinoma
Authors: Väänänen Anu , Ylipalosaari Merja , Parikka Mataleena , Kainulainen Tiina , Rehn Marko , Heljasvaara Ritva , Tjäderhane Leo , Salo Tuula 
Published: August 2010

Background:  Collagen XVIII is a ubiquitous basement membrane (BM) component and a precursor of endostatin.Methods:  Using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization, we studied the expression and localization of collagen XVIII in different stages of normal oral wound healing, epithelial dysplasia and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).Results:  In mild epithelial dysplasias collagen XVIII appeared as a continuous signal in the BM, whereas in severe epithelial dysplasias and in the invasive areas of oral SCCs collagen XVIII was absent. In situ hybridization showed that collagen XVIII mRNA expression did not decrease in severe dysplasia or oral carcinoma samples when compared with the mild dysplasias.Conclusions:  The results indicate that the absence of collagen XVIII protein in severe oral dysplasias is related to the processing of the protein rather than to changes in mRNA expression.
Microarray analysis of IL‐1β‐stimulated chemokine genes in synovial fibroblasts from human TMJ
Authors: Ogura Naomi , Akutsu Miwa , Tobe Makiko , Sakamaki Hiroyuki , Abiko Yoshimitsu , Kondoh Toshirou 
Published: August 2010

Background:  Interleukin (IL)‐1β is thought to play a key role in several pathologic conditions of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Gene expression profile of synovial fibroblasts stimulated with IL‐1β was studied by oligonucleotide microarray analysis to elucidate candidate genes associated with intracapsular pathologic conditions of TMJ.Methods:  RNA was isolated from synovial fibroblasts from five patients after IL‐1β treatment. Gene expression profiling was performed with a GeneChip. Changes in gene expression were determined by comparing IL‐1β‐treated cells with untreated cells.Results:  A total of 121 genes showed a greater than threefold difference in average intensity between untreated and IL‐1β‐treated synovial fibroblasts in five experiments. Five chemokines were among the 10 most upregulated genes, and the most upregulated gene was CCL20. The 121 IL‐1β‐responsive genes included 12 chemokines whose mRNA levels were confirmed by real‐time PCR.Conclusion:  These data should provided useful information about the pathologic conditions of TMJ, especially in support of diagnosis and therapeutic approaches to TMJ.
Immunohistochemical detection of insulin‐like growth factors, platelet‐derived growth factor, and their receptors in ameloblastic tumors
Authors: Kumamoto H. , Ooya K. 
Published: August 2010

Background:  To evaluate the roles of growth factors in oncogenesis and cytodifferentiation of odontogenic tumors, expression of insulin‐like growth factors (IGFs), platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF), and their receptors was analyzed in ameloblastic tumors as well as in tooth germs.Methods:  Tissue specimens of 10 tooth germs, 47 ameloblastomas, and five malignant ameloblastic tumors were examined immunohistochemically with the use of antibodies against IGF‐I, IGF‐II, IGF‐I receptor (IGF‐IR), PDGF A‐chain, PDGF B‐chain, PDGF α‐receptor, and PDGF β‐receptor.Results:  Immunohistochemical reactivity for IGFs, PDGF chains, and their receptors was detected predominantly in odontogenic epithelial cells near the basement membrane in tooth germs and in benign and malignant ameloblastic tumors. The expression levels of IGF‐II and PDGF chains were significantly higher in ameloblastic tumors than in tooth germs. Malignant ameloblastic tumors showed higher reactivity for PDGF chains than benign ameloblastomas and higher reactivity for platelet‐derived growth factor receptors than tooth germs. The expression levels of PDGF chains were significantly higher in follicular ameloblastomas than in plexiform ameloblastomas. Desmoplastic ameloblastomas showed higher expression of IGFs and IGF‐IR when compared with other ameloblastoma subtypes.Conclusion:  Expression of IGFs, PDGF, and their receptors in tooth germs and ameloblastic tumors suggests that these growth factor signals contribute to cell proliferation or survival in both normal and neoplastic odontogenic tissues. Expression of these molecules in odontogenic tissues possibly affects interactions with the bone microenvironment during tooth development and intraosseous progression of ameloblastic tumors. Altered expression of the ligands and receptors in ameloblastic tumors may be involved in oncogenesis, malignant potential, and tumor cell differentiation.
Survival signalling in keratinocytes of erythematous oral lichen planus
Authors: Karatsaidis Andreas , Hayashi Katsuhiko , Schreurs Olav , Helgeland Kristen , Schenck Karl 
Published: August 2010

Background:  Keratinocytes in oral lichen (OL) planus have been shown to be exposed to potentially cell death‐inducing factors such as tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) and FasL, produced by the cells of the inflammatory infiltrate and by the keratinocytes themselves. Mostly, however, the lesions do not show ulceration, the clinical manifestation of substantial keratinocyte death. The aim of this study was to find support for the contention that there is activation of protecting anti‐apoptotic mechanisms in keratinocytes in a form of chronic OL (erythematous OL; ERY OL), simultaneously with the pathological cell death signals.Methods:  Biopsies from patients with normal oral mucosa (NOM) or with ERY OL were compared by immunohistological staining.Results:  In ERY OL keratinocytes, both the pro‐apoptotic FADD and the anti‐apoptotic molecules p‐IKK, NF‐κB/p50, FLIPL, cIAP‐1 and cIAP‐2 were strongly upregulated when compared with NOM. There were no significant differences in the staining patterns for active caspase‐3 and caspase‐8 with only few positive cells for both enzymes.Conclusions:  The presently observed marked increase in expression of anti‐apoptotic molecules in ERY OL epithelium may counteract the pro‐apoptotic assault and rescue the epithelium from rampant cell death and thereby clinical ulceration.
Regional difference in intratumoral lymphangiogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinomas evaluated by immunohistochemistry using D2‐40 and podoplanin antibody: an analysis in comparison with angiogenesis
Authors: Ohno Fumi , Nakanishi Hayao , Abe Atsushi , Seki Yasushi , Kinoshita Atsutaka , Hasegawa Yasuhisa , Tatematsu Masae , Kurita Kenichi 
Published: August 2010

Background:  Whether tumor cells induce lymphangiogenesis intratumorally or permeate pre‐existing lymphatic vessels in the peritumoral area still remains unclear. In this study, we investigated in detail the intratumoral lymphangiogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) in comparison with tumor angiogenesis.Methods:  Immunohistochemistry with D2‐40, podoplanin antibody, and CD34 antibody were used to evaluate the lymphatic vessel density (LVD) and blood microvessel density (MVD). Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF‐C expressions of oral SCC were also assessed by immunohistochemistry.Results:  LVD significantly increased in the superficial area of tumor tissue compared with normal mucosa, whereas it decreased in the deep area of intratumoral tissue near the invasion front, in sharp contrast to MVD, which significantly increased throughout tumor tissue. Consistent with the decreased intratumoral LVD and increased intratumoral MVD, VEGF‐C expression of tumor cells was down‐regulated in the deep area of tumor tissue, while VEGF expression of tumor cells was up‐regulated throughout the tumor tissue.Conclusions:  Lymphangiogenesis in oral SCC varies depending on the region within the tumor tissue. It is not induced in the genuine tumor stroma near the invasion front, probably due to the down‐regulation of VEGF‐C expression of tumor cells, which is different from VEGF‐mediated induction of intratumoral angiogenesis.