bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic Review of the Evidence Base for the Medical Treatment of Paediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Wilson DC , Thomas AG , Croft NM , Newby E , Akobeng AK , Sawczenko A , Fell JME , Murphy MS , Beattie RM , Sandhu BK , Mitton SG ,   IBD Working Group of the British Society of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition
Published: January 2010

ABSTRACTObjective:To systematically review the evidence base for the medical (pharmaceutical and nutritional) treatment of paediatric inflammatory bowel disease.Methods:Key clinical questions were formulated regarding different treatment modalities used in the treatment of paediatric (not adult‐onset) IBD, in particular the induction and maintenance of remission in Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis. Electronic searches were performed from January 1966 to December 2006, using the electronic search strategy of the Cochrane IBD group. Details of papers were entered on a dedicated database, reviewed in abstract form, and disseminated in full for appraisal. Clinical guidelines were appraised using the AGREE instrument and all other relevant papers were appraised using Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network methodology, with evidence levels given to all papers.Results:A total of 6285 papers were identified, of which 1255 involved children; these were entered on the database. After critical appraisal, only 103 publications met our criteria as evidence on medical treatment of paediatric IBD. We identified 3 clinical guidelines, 1 systematic review, and 16 randomised controlled trials; all were of variable quality, with none getting the highest methodological scores.Conclusions:This is the first comprehensive review of the evidence base for the treatment of paediatric IBD, highlighting the paucity of trials of high methodological quality. As a result, the development of clinical guidelines for managing children and young people with IBD must be consensus based, informed by the best‐available evidence from the paediatric literature and high‐quality data from the adult IBD literature, together with the clinical expertise and multidisciplinary experience of paediatric IBD experts.
The relationship between mandatory and other food label information
Authors: Stuart Stephen A. 
Published: January 2010

PurposeThis pilot study for a larger research project aims to quantify and categorise elements of food label information and establishes an indicative physical relationship between mandatory and other information thereby articulating the relative balance between information intended to inform healthy dietary choices and that intended to perform other functions such as aiding purchase decisions.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology employs quantitative content analysis performed on a number of different canned food labels (n=9).FindingsFindings indicate the amount of available space on labels devoted to mandatory information ranged between 17 and 31 per cent, whilst the amount allocated to commercial information ranged between 18 and 45 per cent. Unoccupied space varies between 32 and 54 per cent. This indicates there is an imbalance between mandatory and commercial information, with the weighting in favour of the latter.Research limitations/implicationsThe small sample size precludes generalization.Practical implicationsAn extended version of this research could influence government and corporate policy in establishing a balance between the prominence given to different categories of label information, favouring that which is more “health positive”. Alternately, information could be presented in a larger format, thereby assisting a wider range of consumers to make healthy and informed dietary choices: both outcomes have positive health implications for the population. Another outcome is the formal classification of label information elements thereby enabling clearer comparisons to be made between consumers' food label interactions.Originality/valueThis is the first time content analysis has been conducted on food labels. The paper is also unique in proposing a formal taxonomy for food label information. It has value for those working on policy issues.
Olives, hospitality and tourism: a Western Australian perspective
Authors: Duarte Alonso Abel 
Published: January 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the links between olive growing, hospitality and tourism in an emerging olive growing region, as well as challenges olive grove operators face.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative approach is taken in the form of face‐to‐face and telephone interviews among 23 olive grove operators in Western Australia from a sample of 33 operations identified.FindingsAlmost half of the respondents indicated being open to the public in some form, including cellar door sales and hospitality facilities, such as a café. Other respondents are currently in the process of developing hospitality facilities or plan to be associated to tourism. However, some responses identified existing marketing issues and outside competition from cheaper products as current constraints.Research limitations/implicationsThat only 23 respondents participated in the study does clearly limit the generalisability of the findings in regards to olive growing in Western Australian or elsewhere. Despite this limitation, this exploratory study provides first insights into an unexplored emerging and increasingly multifunctional industry.Practical implicationsIn view of some operators' concerns of being able to market their products in the future, the findings illustrate that the mix of strategies combining the olive products, hospitality and/or tourism could have several positive impacts on this emerging industry for those operators willing and able to pursue such paths.Originality/valueThe current developmental stage of olive growing and its potential for further extending into “olive tourism” or related concepts suggests opportunities for future research.
Usage and understanding of food and nutritional labels among Indian consumers
Authors: Singla Manisha 
Published: January 2010

PurposeNutritional labeling of food products is not mandatory in India at present and the Indian Government is on the verge of introducing a code of conduct for it. The aim of this paper is to provide some initial guidelines for the above‐said purpose so as to have consumer friendly labeling policies.Design/methodology/approachA structured questionnaire‐based survey was used for the purpose of the study. A total of 100 respondents were considered for the study. Data were collected from two superstores located in New Delhi.FindingsFood labels are read by the consumers for brand comparisons and not for consulting nutritional information. Difficult terminology, small font size and inability to understand nutritional labels are the major problems encountered by the consumers. Television, friends, magazines are commonly used for assessing nutritional information. Labels are considered more consumer friendly when benchmarks regarding serving size are provided. Income level, size of household, number of children and age did not play a role in the usage of nutritional labels by the consumers. Consumers with special dietary needs used nutritional labels regularly.Research limitations/implicationsA small sample size is the limitation of the study.Originality/valueThis is the first study of its kind in India. It is valuable for the Indian Government in framing policies regarding nutritional labeling and for imparting nutritional education. It will also help it to draft consumer friendly labels for effective usage.
Variation in the physicochemical characteristics of cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) apples with maturity
Authors: Yahaya L.E. , Aliyu O.M. , Hammed L.A. , Aroyeun S.O. 
Published: January 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to determine the physicochemical characteristics of yellow and red apples cultivars of cashew. This is with a view to harnessing the quality attributes of the different cultivars of cashew. Parameters investigated include pH, refractive index, specific gravity, vitamin C content, juice astringency, chlorophyll and juice yield.Design/methodology/approachThe methods of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) are employed in assaying the physicochemical properties, while the astringency is determined spectrophotometrically according to standard methods.FindingsResults showed that percentage juice yield increases linearly with maturity for both cultivars. A maximum of 79.5 per cent is obtained for the yellow apple cultivars, while 74.1 per cent juice yield is obtained in the red apple cultivar. The pH ranged from 3.73‐4.5 and 3.64‐4.55 for red and yellow apple cultivars, respectively, with a marked fall between seven and eight weeks after pollination (WAPo). Specific gravity and refractive index are of the order 0.999‐1.007 and 1.34‐1.89 for both selected samples. Highest refractive index is obtained in red and yellow cultivars at seven and eight WAPo. The changes in ascorbic acid followed a linear pattern and the maximum values of 249.5 mg/100 ml and 185.5 mg/100 ml are obtained for yellow and red apple cultivars, respectively. Meanwhile, the juice astringency level decreased steadily with maturity and at the ninth WAPo, values obtained are 0.47 and 0.86 mg/100 ml tannin for yellow and red apple cultivars, respectively. Generally, pH, astringency, refractive index, juice content, ascorbic acid and chlorophyll contents showed marked variations between six and eight WAPo, confirming physiological maturity and ripening in the crop species.Originality/valueCashew farmers and industrialists will know the best time to harvest the crop when the quality is at its peak.
Resistance to organizational change: linking research and practice
Authors: Erwin Dennis G. , Garman Andrew N. 
Published: January 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study recently published research to identify findings that provide research‐based guidance to organizational change agents and managers in addressing individual resistance to organizational change initiatives.Design/methodology/approachThe paper examines published research appearing in peer‐reviewed journals since 1998 that focus on exploring individual resistance to organizational change.FindingsRecent published research provides considerable practical guidance to organizational change agents and managers in understanding and dealing with resistance to change. Recent research examines the cognitive, affective, and behavioral dimensions of individual resistance and how it is influenced by: individual predispositions towards openness and resistance to change; individuals' considerations of threats and benefits of change; communication, understanding, participation, trust in management, management styles, and the nature of relationships with the change agents.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper is limited to research articles involving resistance to organizational change published in peer‐reviewed journals from 1998 to 2009. Also, the paper finds that reported research used primarily self‐report questionnaires to gather data, which are quantitatively analyzed. Such a lack of diversity of research methodologies provides a limited perspective of resistance to organizational change that might have been broadened by qualitative and practice‐based methods (e.g. case studies and action research).Practical implicationsA framework is presented linking organizational change research findings to specific change practitioner recommendations. Limitations of recent research are also discussed.Originality/valueMost studies provide an examination of a limited number of variables influencing resistance to change, and are not necessary designed to provide practical guidance to change practitioners. This paper provides a comprehensive framework of constructs and variables specifically aimed at linking research‐based findings to guidance for change practitioners.
Climbing the value chain
Authors: Noke Hannah , Hughes Mathew 
Published: January 2010

PurposeIncreasing productivity gaps and declining manufacturing bases create complex challenges for mature small to medium enterprises (SMEs). One solution advocated by academia is to reposition along the value chain – moving to a position of greater value. The purpose of this paper is to examine strategies used by firms to reposition through creating a new product development (NPD) capability. In doing so, the paper seeks to resolve gaps in extant literature on NPD in mature SMEs.Design/methodology/approachAn exploratory approach is taken, analysing in‐depth case studies of three mature UK manufacturing SMEs.FindingsFour strategic approaches to enable the creation of a NPD capability (strategic alliances, licensing key technologies and ideas, outsourcing and deploying an internal development process) are found. Each may facilitate an SME to reposition but the findings highlight that these strategies are not mutually exclusive as different combinations were employed to accelerate and leverage change.Research limitations/implicationsLimited number of case studies constrains wider understanding despite providing richness. The findings highlight four different strategies for repositioning but there may be other routes.Practical implicationsDeeper understanding of how to climb the value chain, providing valuable lessons for mature SMEs facing a need to reposition to generate new growth opportunities.Originality/valueThe paper provides an understanding of how mature manufacturers utilise different strategies to overcome resource constraints and generate a NPD capability to assist in repositioning. This resolves weaknesses in current literature that so far have not adequately examined the process of shaping a NPD capability and the strategies used to reposition.
Is performance measurement suitable for an extended enterprise?
Authors: Lehtinen Jussi , Ahola Tuomas 
Published: January 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to assess whether performance measurement literature and as a result, practical applications, models and frameworks drawing from this literature are compatible with the central features of extended enterprises.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based on a bibliometric study that is supplemented with an empirical case study.FindingsThe results of this paper indicate that literature on performance measurement and literature on extended enterprises are only partially compatible. The common underlying reasons for measuring performance are highly valid also in the context of an extended enterprise. However, performance measurement processes and practices utilized within firms are to a considerable degree incompatible with central characteristics of extended enterprises. A highly apparent conflict between the two streams of literature is related to choosing individual performance measures (i.e. the question of what to measure). Performance measurement literature emphasizes intra‐organizational measures which conflicts starkly with the emphasis of inter‐organizational collaboration dominant in literature addressing extended enterprises.Research limitations/implicationsThe sample consists of articles published in many leading academic journals. The primary implication of this paper is that the importance of inter‐organizational relations and collaboration, and the lack of a central decision‐making authority should be taken into consideration when designing and implementing performance measurement systems for extended enterprises.Practical implicationsManagers implementing performance measurement systems may tend to adopt solutions recommended by industry actors and dominant performance measurement literature. As increasingly many firms operate as a part of an extended enterprise, the adoption of these off‐the‐shelf solutions poses considerable risks.Originality/valueThe main contribution of this paper is that it systematically assesses the compatibility of performance measurement and extended enterprise literature by means of a bibliometric analysis. In addition, the paper identifies key contributions from both streams of literature. An empirical case representing the shipbuilding industry is carried out to validate obtained findings.
The case for abolishing the higher education state monopoly in Continental Western Europe
Authors: Mitsopoulos Michael , Pelagidis Theodore 
Published: January 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to prove that the abolition of state monopoly in the provision of educational services in Continental Europe will result in members of the educational community spending less time towards rent protection and more time towards educational activities, something that should also benefit the consumers of these services. It also aims to prove that once deregulation reform is introduced, those that now fiercely resist to it will, rationally, accept the new status quo and adapt to it.Design/methodology/approachThe paper presents a model in which externalities affect the decision of the community of educational services providers to allocate time among their profession and towards opposing reform and protecting rents that follow from laws that establish state monopolies in the market for education services. The model proposed shows that, in the presence of such externalities, the introduction of reforms that remove the state monopoly will make the educational community adapt to the new status quo by allocating less time to protect monopoly rents and oppose reform, and more time and effort towards educational‐related activities like research and publications, high‐quality teaching and tutorials, etc.FindingsThe prediction of the assumed model that no internal forces can lead to a departure from the unfavorable equilibrium that exists before reform, underlines the need of society to press ahead with reforms regardless of the objections raised by the affected interest communities.Originality/valueThe paper provides for the first time in the relevant literature, an analysis of the harms and drawbacks of the higher education state monopoly in Continental Western Europe.
Managing flexworkers: holding on and letting go
Authors: Richardson Julia 
Published: January 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore what it means to be a manager in the context of working from home, or “flexworking”, as an increasingly common work practice.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is located within an interpretive interactionist perspective, drawing on interviews with managers who took part in a larger qualitative study of employees who work from home two or more days a week in the Canadian subsidiary of a high‐tech MNC. Template analysis identified themes which are most salient in managers” experiences of managing these “flexworkers”.FindingsThe findings point to several key themes in interviewees' experiences of managing flexworkers: maintaining a balance between providing autonomy alongside appropriate levels of cohesion between themselves and employees and between employees; the increasing importance of trust and the centrality of interpersonal relationships and interactions.Research limitations/implicationsA limitation is a relatively small sample size (27) in the Canadian hi‐tech industry. Also, the findings may not be applicable to other industries or to managers in other countries. The paper's location within an interpretive interactionist framework accords primary focus to individual action rather than structural forces.Practical implicationsContemporary management development initiatives should balance communication and support, while avoiding micromanagement. They should also develop managers' ability to ensure that social bonds are maintained but do not undermine the principles of flexwork.Originality/valueThere is a paucity of qualitative research on flexworking in Canada. Moreover, the paper contributes a theoretical understanding of this work arrangement, whereas previous research has been primarily descriptive.
Who am I and what am I doing here?
Authors: Paton Steve , Hodgson Damian , Cicmil Svetlana 
Published: January 2010

PurposeThis paper aims to empirically explore the nature of tensions that emerge within the process of becoming a manager in the post‐bureaucratic organisation, by focusing on the emergence of project management as a key carrier of post‐bureaucracy. The paper seeks to address two aspects of individual transformation into project manager; first, it aims to understand the specific factors, which drive the transformation of technical specialists into project managers and, second, to illuminate the tensions and challenges experienced in this new position.Design/methodology/approachThe empirical base for the study is a series of structured group discussions with project managers from a range of distinct industrial sectors and organisations.FindingsThe paper illustrates the tensions implicit in the process of becoming a project manager. It identifies a number of conflicts that arise between the overarching philosophy of project management and the process of enacting the role of project manager around the themes of status, organisational value, power, influence and ambiguity.Research limitations/implicationsThe research approach is empirically rich yet exploratory, providing directions and inspiration for more extensive research in specific contexts.Originality/valueThe research points to an understanding of how new managerial roles are created and embedded in organisational contexts, and the pressures, which are brought to bear on the incumbents of these new roles through this process.
Becoming a leader: the challenge of modesty for women
Authors: Budworth Marie‐Hélène , Mann Sara L. 
Published: January 2010

PurposeWhile the number of women in managerial positions has been increasing, the gender composition of top management teams is skewed. There are barriers and obstacles in place that limit the movement of women into leadership roles. The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between modesty and access to leadership. Specifically, tendencies toward modesty and lack of self‐promotion are hypothesized to perpetuate the lack of female involvement in top management positions.Design/methodology/approachThe literature on modesty and self‐promotion is reviewed. The findings are discussed in terms of the persistent challenges faced by women with regard to their ability to enter senior levels of management.FindingsThe overall message of the paper is that behaviours that are successful for males in the workplace are not successful for females. The good news is that women do not need to adopt male ways of being in order to succeed. A limitation is that the paper is largely “uni‐cultural”, as the research referenced is primarily that undertaken in a North American context. Self‐promotion and modesty may be conceptualized differently in other contexts.Originality/valueThe paper is one of the first to focus on modesty, an important gendered individual difference, to explain persistent workplace inequalities.