bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Schreiben und Beschreiben. Zur epistemischen Funktion von psychiatrischen Krankenakten, ihrer Archivierung und deren Übersetzung in Fallgeschichten
Authors: Ledebur Sophie 
Published: May 2011

AbstractDocumenting and Describing. The Epistemic Function of Psychiatric Records, their Archiving and Reinterpretation into Case Histories. The paper attempts to reconstruct the writing of published case histories. Due to the establishment of a scientific classification system in psychiatry there were at the Charité several changes from the late 1870s onwards: (1) Not only was the documentation in the clinical records altered significantly, but also (2) the archive was reorganized into a double filing system and (3) the casuistic made a development from describing seldom or sensational cases into a mode which aimed to unfold psychiatric theory through ‘typical cases’. Original medical records, the internal documentation of psychiatric observation, will be compared to their published version. Both, the narrative of a case study and the documentation in the clinical records reveal performative processes of observation and documentation.
Determination of puerarin in biological samples and its application to a pharmacokinetic study by flow‐injection chemiluminescence
Authors: Yang Ran , Wang Qingwen , Zeng Huajin , Qin Zao , Li Jianjun , Qu Lingbo 
Published: May 2011

ABSTRACTA simple and sensitive flow injection–chemiluminescence (FI–CL) method has been developed for the determination of puerarin, based on the fact that puerarin can greatly inhibit CL of the luminol–H2O2–haemoglobin system. The inhibition of CL intensity was linear to the logarithm of the concentration of puerarin in the range 0.08–10.0 μg/mL (r2 = 0.9912). The limit of detection was 0.05 μg/mL (3σ) and the relative standard deviation (RSD) for 1.0 μg/mL (n = 11) of puerarin solution was 1.4%. Coupled with solid‐phase extraction (SPE) as the sample pretreatment, the determination of puerarin in biological samples and a preliminary pharmocokinetic study of puerarin in rats were performed. The recoveries for plasma and urine at three different concentrations were 89.2–110.0% and 91.4–104.8%, respectively. The pharmacokinetics of puerarin in plasma of rat coincides with the two‐compartment open model. The T1/2α, T1/2β, CL/F, VZ/F, AUC(0 – t), MRT(0 – ∞), Tmax and Cmax were 0.77 ± 0.21 h, 7.55 ± 2.64 h, 2.43 ± 1.02 L/kg/h, 11.40 ± 3.45 L/kg, 56.67 ± 10.65 mg/h/L, 5.04 ± 2.78 h, 1.00 ± 0.35 h and 19.70 ± 4.67 μg/mL, respectively. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of cell culture conditions on antibody N‐linked glycosylation—what affects high mannose 5 glycoform
Authors: Pacis Efren , Yu Marcella , Autsen Jennifer , Bayer Robert , Li Feng 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe glycosylation profile of therapeutic antibodies is routinely analyzed throughout development to monitor the impact of process parameters and to ensure consistency, efficacy, and safety for clinical and commercial batches of therapeutic products. In this study, unusually high levels of the mannose‐5 (Man5) glycoform were observed during the early development of a therapeutic antibody produced from a Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line, model cell line A. Follow up studies indicated that the antibody Man5 level was increased throughout the course of cell culture production as a result of increasing cell culture medium osmolality levels and extending culture duration. With model cell line A, Man5 glycosylation increased more than twofold from 12% to 28% in the fed‐batch process through a combination of high basal and feed media osmolality and increased run duration. The osmolality and culture duration effects were also observed for four other CHO antibody producing cell lines by adding NaCl in both basal and feed media and extending the culture duration of the cell culture process. Moreover, reduction of Man5 level from model cell line A was achieved by supplementing MnCl2 at appropriate concentrations. To further understand the role of glycosyltransferases in Man5 level, N‐acetylglucosaminyltransferase I GnT‐I mRNA levels at different osmolality conditions were measured. It has been hypothesized that specific enzyme activity in the glycosylation pathway could have been altered in this fed‐batch process. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2011;108: 2348–2358. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Modelling of Methanol Synthesis Based on Elementary Reactions
Authors: Otto Thomas N. , Mas Cesar , Ederer Hans , Stiefel Miriam , Döring Manfred , Dinjus Eckhard 
Published: May 2011

AbstractIm Rahmen der transition state‐Theorie können Parameter wie der präexponentielle Faktor und die Aktivierungsenergie mit den aktiven Zentren des Katalysators in Verbindung gebracht werden. Diese Parameter sind ein Indiz dafür, wie ein technischer Prozess beschrieben werden kann, selbst wenn zwischen den adsorbierten Spezies und dem Substrat die dominierenden Geometrien nicht genau bekannt sind. Die hier vorgestellte Modellierung der Methanolsynthese zeigt auf, dass Elementarreaktionen mit einfachen gekoppelten Differentialgleichungen kombiniert werden können, um wichtige Rückschlüsse in Bezug auf die Oberflächenreaktionen des Katalysators ableiten zu können.
Thermal stratification and suction/injection effects on flow and heat transfer of micropolar fluid due to stretching cylinder
Authors: Mansour M. A. , Mohamed R. A. , Abd‐Elaziz M. M. , Ahmed Sameh E. 
Published: May 2011

SUMMARYIn this paper, a numerical solution of flow and heat transfer in micropolar fluid outside a stretching permeable cylinder with thermal stratification and suction/injection effects. The governing system of partial differential equations is converted to ordinary differential equations by using similarity transformations, which are then solved using numerical technique. The cases of strong concentration of microelement and weak concentration of microelement were considered. Our purpose from this study is to investigate the effects of the governing parameters, namely the suction/injection parameter, thermal stratification parameter, Prandtl number, vortex viscosity parameter and Reynolds number on the velocity profiles, pressure distributions, angular velocity profiles and temperature profiles as well as the skin friction coefficient, dimensionless wall couple stress and the Nusselt number. The numerical results are validated by favorable comparisons with previously published results. The results are shown graphically. The values of the skin friction coefficient, dimensionless wall couple stress and the Nusselt number are presented in tables. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characterization of Pdgfrb‐Cre transgenic mice reveals reduction of ROSA26 reporter activity in remodeling arteries
Authors: Cuttler Anne S. , LeClair Renée J. , Stohn J. Patrizia , Wang Qiaozeng , Sorenson Christine M. , Liaw Lucy , Lindner Volkhard 
Published: May 2011

AbstractWith the intention to modulate gene expression in vascular mural cells of remodeling vessels, we generated and characterized transgenic mouse lines with Cre recombinase under the control of the platelet‐derived growth factor receptor‐β promoter, referred to as Tg(Pdgfrb‐Cre)35Vli. Transgenic mice were crossed with the Gt(ROSA)26Sortm1Sor strain and examined for Cre activation by β‐galactosidase activity, which was compared with endogenous Pdgfrb expression. In addition, Pdgfrb‐Cre mice were used to drive expression of a conditional myc‐tagged Cthrc1 transgene. There was good overlap of β‐galactosidase activity with endogenous Pdgfrb immunoreactivity. However, dedifferentiation of vascular mural cells induced by carotid artery ligation revealed a dramatic discrepancy between ROSA26 reporter activity and Pdgfrb promoter driven Cre dependent myc‐tagged Cthrc1 transgene expression. Our studies demonstrate the capability of the Pdgfrb‐Cre mouse to drive conditional transgene expression as a result of prior Cre‐mediated recombination in tissues known to express endogenous Pdgfrb. In addition, the study shows that ROSA26 promoter driven reporter mice are not suitable for lineage marking of smooth muscle in remodeling blood vessels. genesis 49:673–680, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Easy Routes towards Chiral Lithium Binaphthylamido Catalysts for the Asymmetric Hydroamination of Amino‐1,3‐dienes and Aminoalkenes
Authors: Deschamp Julia , Collin Jacqueline , Hannedouche Jérôme , Schulz Emmanuelle 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe preparation of chiral lithium salts of N,N′‐disubstituted binaphthyldiamines and their use as catalysts for asymmetric hydroamination/cyclisation of amino‐1,3‐dienes and aminoalkenes are reported. Several straightforward methods involving the combination of ligand with solutions of methyl‐ or [(trimethylsilyl)methyl]lithium (LiCH2TMS) by ex situ or in situ preparation have been investigated. The use of LiCH2TMS in an in situ procedure was revealed as theeasiest for carrying out reactions with reliable results by fine‐tuning the quantity of base. Screening of a variety of ligands led to the selection of binaphthyldiamines modified by benzyl, pyridyl or naphthyl groups for the cyclisation of conjugated aminodienes in pyrrolidine or piperidine with the highest stereo‐ and enantioselectivities described to date (up to 61 and 72 % ee, respectively). Primary and secondaryaminoalkenes are efficiently cyclised at room temperature, but with poor enantioselectivities.
Organocatalyzed Synthesis of Tertiary α‐Hydroxyphosphonates by a Highly Regioselective Modified Pudovik Reaction
Authors: Barros Maria Teresa , Phillips Ana Maria Faísca 
Published: May 2011

AbstractAn organocatalytic modified Pudovik reaction between dialkyl or diaryl phosphites and α‐haloketones was used to synthesize β‐chloro‐α‐hydroxyphosphonates in high yields with very high regioselectivity and high stereoselectivity. Aliphatic, aromatic, and cyclic ketones could be used successfully. Under the optimized conditions it was possible to obtain enantiomerically enriched products with a combination of quinine and a stoichiometric racemic base, but the ee values only went up to 40 %. The presence of a β‐chloro functionality allows further synthetic elaboration of the hydroxyphosphonates obtained, which could be useful for target‐oriented synthesis, as these compounds often have important biological activity.
Electrophoretic fingerprint metallothionein analysis as a potential prostate cancer biomarker
Authors: Krizkova Sona , Ryvolova Marketa , Gumulec Jaromir , Masarik Michal , Adam Vojtech , Majzlik Petr , Hubalek Jaromir , Provaznik Ivo , Kizek Rene 
Published: May 2011

AbstractProstate‐specific antigen (PSA) is a routinely used marker of prostate cancer; however, the cut‐off values for unambiguous positive/negative prostate cancer diagnoses are not defined. Therefore, despite the best effort, certain percentage of misdiagnosed cases is being recorded every year. For this reason, search for more specific diagnostic markers is of great interest. In this study, systematic comparison of PSA and metallothionein (MT) levels in blood serum of 46 prostate cancer‐diagnosed patients is presented. It is clearly demonstrated that PSA levels vary significantly and despite normal total PSA values in the range of 0 – 4 ng/mL were obtained in over 36.9% of cases, positive prostate cancer was diagnosed by biopsy. In contrary, MT levels were considerably elevated in all tested samples and no significant variations were observed. These results are indicating the potential of MT as an additional prostate cancer marker reducing, in combination with PSA, the probability of false positive/negative diagnosis. To increase the throughput of the screening, chip‐based capillary electrophoresis was suggested as a rapid and effective method for the fingerprinting analysis of prostate cancer from diseased blood sera.
Proteomic identification of exosomal LRG1: A potential urinary biomarker for detecting NSCLC
Authors: Li Yanyan , Zhang Yuan , Qiu Feng , Qiu Zongyin 
Published: May 2011

AbstractIn the present research, we aimed to screen for non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)‐related proteins in urinary exosomes by comparing urinary exosomes proteome of normal controls and NSCLC patients. Urinary exosomes were isolated by ultracentrifugation and identified by electron microscopy. Exosomal proteins were separated by 1‐D SDS‐PAGE and the differentially expressed bands between healthy controls and NSCLC patients ranging in size from 35 to 45 kD were cut from the gel. After tryptic digestion, 18 proteins were identified by nano‐HPLC‐chip‐MS/MS. The differential expression of leucine‐rich α‐2‐glycoprotein (LRG1) was further validated in urinary exosomes by Western blot and in lung tissue by immunohistochemistry. The LRG1 was found to be expressed at higher levels in urinary exosomes and lung tissue of NSCLC patients. These results suggested that LRG1 may be a candidate biomarker for non‐invasive diagnosis of NSCLC in urine.
Heat Management in a Portable High Temperature PEM Fuel Cell Module with Open Cathode
Authors: Kurz T. , Keller J. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe development and characterisation of a portable high temperature PEM fuel cell module is presented. The module consists of a 5‐cell stack with open cathodes and coil compression. This design enables the operation and control with only one fan and compact and lightweight packaging. The stack is characterised with polarisation curves and single cell impedance spectroscopy. Temperature distribution in the stack and temperature control is analysed during startup and operation. The results show very similar cell characteristics and stable operation with high power density. Temperature control shows a good reaction on load changes as well as on setpoint changes.
SIMULATION AND OPTIMIZATION FOR IRRIGATION AND CROP PLANNING
Authors: Darshana  , Pandey Ashish , Ostrowski Manfred , Pandey R. P. 
Published: May 2011

ABSTRACTIn this study, simulation and optimization models were assembled for the optimization of irrigation systems and their operation. The simulation model CROPWAT was used for estimation of the crop water requirement, time and depth. The evolutionary algorithm (GANetXL) was used for the optimal planning of cropping pattern, maximization of net benefits and minimization of irrigation water requirements for the study area of Holeta catchment, Ethiopia. The study area encompasses three command areas, i.e. farm A, farm B and Tsedey State Farm, and five different type of crops, i.e. potato, tomato, apple, peach and winter wheat. The simulation results of the CROPWAT model illustrated that crop water requirement for apple was highest (993 mm), followed by peach (908 mm), tomato (470 mm), potato (443 mm) and wheat (294 mm). The study reveals that fruit crops have more crop water requirements than cereals. The results of the GANetXL show that when the cropped area and water allocated was varied between extreme values, 23% of water can be saved. The total benefit from the study area can be enhanced by USD 34 ha−¹ and can be helpful in improving the economic conditions of the farmers. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Binding of δ9‐tetrahydrocannabinol and diazepam to human serum albumin
Authors: Fanali Gabriella , Cao Yu , Ascenzi Paolo , Trezza Viviana , Rubino Tiziana , Parolaro Daniela , Fasano Mauro 
Published: May 2011

AbstractCannabis is the most commonly used illicit drug worldwide. Cannabis users also appear to use other psychoactive drugs more frequently than noncannabis users. Here, Δ9‐ tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and diazepam binding to human serum albumin (HSA) and HSA‐heme is reported. THC binds to two different binding sites of HSA (Kd1 ≤ 10−7 M and Kd2= 10−3 M) without affecting diazepam binding (Kd = 1.2 × 10−5 M). THC binding to the high‐affinity site accounts for the low free fraction of the drug in plasma. Moreover, THC increases the affinity of heme for HSA. Accordingly, the affinity of THC for HSA‐heme is higher than that for HSA. THC could bind to FA2 and FA7 sites, as substantiated by docking simulations; nevertheless, the observed allosteric effect(s) suggests that the primary binding site of THC is the FA2 cleft that positively modulates heme affinity. Possibly, the HSA conformational transition(s) induced by THC binding could account for drug delivery to the liver through receptor‐ mediated endocytosis. © 2011 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 63(6): 446–451, 2011
Activation of EGFR promotes squamous carcinoma SCC10A cell migration and invasion via inducing EMT‐like phenotype change and MMP‐9‐mediated degradation of E‐cadherin
Authors: Zuo Jian‐Hong , Zhu Wei , Li Mao‐Yu , Li Xin‐Hui , Yi Hong , Zeng Gu‐Qing , Wan Xun‐Xun , He Qiu‐Yan , Li Jian‐Huang , Qu Jia‐Quan , Chen Yu , Xiao Zhi‐Qiang 
Published: May 2011

AbstractEGFR is a potent stimulator of invasion and metastasis in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). However, the mechanism by which EGFR may stimulate tumor cell invasion and metastasis still need to be elucidated. In this study, we showed that activation of EGFR by EGF in HNSCC cell line SCC10A enhanced cell migration and invasion, and induced loss of epitheloid phenotype in parallel with downregulation of E‐cadherin and upregulation of N‐cadherin and vimentin, indicating that EGFR promoted SCC10A cell migration and invasion possibly by an epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT)‐like phenotype change. Interestingly, activation of EGFR by EGF induced production of matrix metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP‐9) and soluble E‐cadherin (sE‐cad), and knockdown of MMP‐9 by siRNA inhibited sE‐cad production induced by EGF in SCC10A. Moreover, both MMP‐9 knockdown and E‐cadherin overexpression inhibited cell migration and invasion induced by EGF in SCC10A. The results indicate that EGFR activation promoted cell migration and invasion through inducing MMP‐9‐mediated degradation of E‐cadherin into sE‐cad. Pharmacologic inhibition of EGFR, MEK, and PI3K kinase activity in SCC10A reduced phosphorylated levels of ERK‐1/2 and AKT, production of MMP‐9 and sE‐cad, cell migration and invasion, and expressional changes of EMT markers (E‐cadherin and N‐cadherin) induced by EGF, indicating that EGFR activation promotes cell migration and invasion via ERK‐1/2 and PI3K‐regulated MMP‐9/E‐cadherin signaling pathways. Taken together, the data suggest that EGFR activation promotes HNSCC SCC10A cell migration and invasion by inducing EMT‐like phenotype change and MMP‐9‐mediated degradation of E‐cadherin into sE‐cad related to activation of ERK‐1/2 and PI3K signaling pathways. J. Cell. Biochem. 112: 2508–2517, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A versatile method for systematic conformational searches: Application to CheY
Authors: Petrella Robert J. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractA novel molecular structure prediction method, the Z Method, is described. It provides a versatile platform for the development and use of systematic, grid‐based conformational search protocols, in which statistical information (i.e., rotamers) can also be included. The Z Method generates trial structures by applying many changes of the same type to a single starting structure, thereby sampling the conformation space in an unbiased way. The method, implemented in the CHARMM program as the Z Module, is applied here to an illustrative model problem in which rigid, systematic searches are performed in a 36‐dimensional conformational space that describes the relative positions of the 10 secondary structural elements of the protein CheY. A polar hydrogen representation with an implicit solvation term (EEF1) is used to evaluate successively larger fragments of the protein generated in a hierarchical build‐up procedure. After a final refinement stage, and a total computational time of about two‐and‐a‐half CPU days on AMD Opteron processors, the prediction is within 1.56 Å of the native structure. The errors in the predicted backbone dihedral angles are found to approximately cancel. Monte Carlo and simulated annealing trials on the same or smaller versions of the problem, using the same atomic model and energy terms, are shown to result in less accurate predictions. Although the problem solved here is a limited one, the findings illustrate the utility of systematic searches with atom‐based models for macromolecular structure prediction and the importance of unbiased sampling in structure prediction methods. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2011
Complete resolution of diffuse placenta increta in a primigravida with twin pregnancy: Sonographic monitoring
Authors: Cho Fu‐Nan , Liu Cheng‐Bin , Li Ju‐Yueh , Chen San‐Nung 
Published: May 2011

AbstractWe report a case of timely diagnosis of placenta increta by sonography during the third stage of labor, which avoided any attempt at manual removal of a retained placenta and thus prevented additional postpartum bleeding. The use of intra‐cervical injection of vasopressin and methotrexate and application of transcatheter arterial embolization of bilateral uterine arteries and right internal iliac arteries resulted in a good outcome. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2011;
First‐trimester diagnosis of conjoined twins aided by spatiotemporal image correlation
Authors: Varma Suraj Kumar , Waalwyk Karen , Menahem Samuel , Meagher Simon 
Published: May 2011

AbstractA case of conjoined twins after frozen embryo transfer at early blastocyst stage is described. The diagnosis was made early at 7 weeks by vaginal sonography and later confirmed by spatiotemporal image correlation with power Doppler. The value of spatiotemporal image correlation with Doppler in facilitating an early diagnosis of conjoined twinning is discussed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2011;
Animal egg as evolutionary innovation: a solution to the “embryonic hourglass” puzzle
Authors: Newman Stuart A. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe evolutionary origin of the egg stage of animal development presents several difficulties for conventional developmental and evolutionary narratives. If the egg's internal organization represents a template for key features of the developed organism, why can taxa within a given phylum exhibit very different egg types, pass through a common intermediate morphology (the so‐called “phylotypic stage”), only to diverge again, thus exemplifying the embryonic “hourglass”? Moreover, if different egg types typically represent adaptations to different environmental conditions, why do birds and mammals, for example, have such vastly different eggs with respect to size, shape, and postfertilization dynamics, whereas all these features are more similar for ascidians and mammals? Here, I consider the possibility that different body plans had their origin in self‐organizing physical processes in ancient clusters of cells, and suggest that eggs represented a set of independent evolutionary innovations subsequently inserted into the developmental trajectories of such aggregates. I first describe how “dynamical patterning modules” (DPMs) associations between components of the metazoan developmental‐genetic toolkit and certain physical processes and effects may have organized primitive animal body plans independently of an egg stage. Next, I describe how adaptive specialization of cells released from such aggregates could have become “proto‐eggs,” which regenerated the parental cell clusters by cleavage, conserving the characteristic DPMs available to a lineage. Then, I show how known processes of cytoplasmic reorganization following fertilization are often based on spontaneous, self‐organizing physical effects (“egg‐patterning processes”: EPPs). I suggest that rather than acting as developmental blueprints or prepatterns, the EPPs refine the phylotypic body plans determined by the DPMs by setting the boundary and initial conditions under which these multicellular patterning mechanisms operate. Finally, I describe how this new perspective provides a resolution to the embryonic hourglass puzzle. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 316:467–483, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.