bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Destabilization of CARP mRNAs by aloe‐emodin contributes to caspase‐8‐mediated p53‐independent apoptosis of human carcinoma cells
Authors: Lin Meng‐Liang , Lu Yao‐Cheng , Su Hong‐Lin , Lin Hsin‐Ting , Lee Chuan‐Chun , Kang Shang‐En , Lai Tan‐Chen , Chung Jing‐Gung , Chen Shih‐Shun 
Published: February 2011

AbstractUsing short hairpin RNA against p53, transient ectopic expression of wild‐type p53 or mutant p53 (R248W or R175H), and a p53‐ and p21‐dependent luciferase reporter assay, we demonstrated that growth arrest and apoptosis of FaDu (human pharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma), Hep3B (hepatoma), and MG‐63 (osteosarcoma) cells induced by aloe‐emodin (AE) are p53‐independent. Co‐immunoprecipitation and small interfering RNA (siRNA) studies demonstrated that AE caused S‐phase cell cycle arrest by inducing the formation of cyclin A–Cdk2–p21 complexes through extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) activation. Ectopic expression of Bcl‐XL and siRNA‐mediated Bax attenuation significantly inhibited apoptosis induced by AE. Cyclosporin A or the caspase‐8 inhibitor Z‐IETD‐FMK blocked AE‐induced loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and prevented increases in reactive oxygen species and Ca++. Z‐IETD‐FMK inhibited AE‐induced apoptosis, Bax expression, Bid cleavage, translocation of tBid to mitochondria, ERK phosphorylation, caspase‐9 activation, and the release of cytochrome c, apoptosis‐inducing factor (AIF), and endonuclease G from mitochondria. The stability of the mRNAs encoding caspase‐8 and ‐10‐associated RING proteins (CARPs) 1 and 2 was affected by AE, whereas CARP1 or 2 overexpression inhibited caspase‐8 activation and apoptosis induced by AE. Collectively, our data indicate AE induces caspase‐8‐mediated activation of mitochondrial death pathways by decreasing the stability of CARP mRNAs in a p53‐independent manner. J. Cell. Biochem. 112: 1176–1191, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
LPA1‐induced migration requires nonmuscle myosin II light chain phosphorylation in breast cancer cells
Authors: Kim Jong Hyun , Adelstein Robert S. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe enhanced migration found in tumor cells is often caused by external stimuli and the sequential participation of cytoskeleton‐related signaling molecules. However, until now, the molecular connection between the lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptor and nonmuscle myosin II (NM II) has not been analyzed in detail for LPA‐induced migration. Here, we demonstrate that LPA induces migration by activating the LPA1receptor which promotes phosphorylation of the 20 kDa NM II light chain through activation of Rho kinase (ROCK). We show that LPA‐induced migration is insensitive to pertussis toxin (PTX) but does require the LPA1receptor as determined by siRNA and receptor antagonists. LPA activates ROCK and also increases GTP‐bound RhoA activity, concomitant with the enhanced membrane recruitment of RhoA. LPA‐induced migration and invasion are attenuated by specific inhibitors including C3 cell‐permeable transferase and Y‐27632. We demonstrate that NM II plays an important role in LPA‐induced migration and invasion by inhibiting its cellular function with blebbistatin and shRNA lentivirus directed against NM II‐A or II‐B. Inhibition or loss of either NM II‐A or NM II‐B in 4T1 cells results in a decrease in migration and invasion. Restoration of the expression of NM II‐A or NM II‐B also rescued LPA‐induced migration. Taken together, these results suggest defined pathways for signaling through the LPA1receptor to promote LPA‐mediated NM II activation and subsequent cell migration in 4T1 breast cancer cells. J. Cell. Physiol. 226: 2881–2893, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Long‐term follow‐up of botulinum toxin therapy for focal hand dystonia: Outcome at 10 years or more
Authors: Lungu Codrin , Karp Barbara I. , Alter Katharine , Zolbrod, Regina , Hallett Mark 
Published: February 2011

AbstractBackground:Previous studies have explored the efficacy and safety of botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) treatment for Focal hand dystonia (FHD), but none have followed a large number of patients for 10 years or more.Methods:Retrospective study, with benefit and weakness assessed on a 0 to 4 subjective scale. Demographic, clinical and treatment characteristics were analyzed using t tests and Pearson correlations.Results:Twenty FHD patients had 10 years or longer treatment. Interinjection intervals were variable. Musicians were more likely to wait longer between injections and had less complex dystonia. There was a trend for larger benefit in women and with shorter intervals. The dose increased over time. Dystonia characteristics did not predict response or side‐effects, but benefit magnitude predicted longer compliance. No serious side‐effects or antibody‐mediated resistance occurred.Conclusion:This is the longest reported period of BoNT treatment in the largest FHD cohort. BoNT therapy for FHD remains safe and effective after more than a decade of treatment. © 2011 Movement Disorder Society
Spectral localization by imaging using multielement receiver coils
Authors: An Li , Warach Steven , Shen Jun 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA new spectral localization technique for in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy is introduced. Structural information extracted from anatomical imaging is used for defining compartments which provide the basis for spectral localization. The inherent spatial heterogeneity of multiple receiver coil elements is used along with optional phase encoding to resolve signals from different compartments. This technique allows a few compartmental spectra to be reconstructed from multichannel data acquired with no or very few phase encoding steps, resulting in short scan time and high efficiency. Alternatively, this technique also allows a significant number of compartmental spectra to be reconstructed if sufficient phase encoding steps are used. A procedure is developed to semiautomatically generate a significant number of compartments of comparable sizes, which allows one to obtain spectra from small regions of interest with curvilinear shapes. This may be useful for obtaining spectra from relatively small stroke lesions or tumors. Phantom experiments and in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy of stroke patients have been performed to demonstrate this technique. Magn Reson Med, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A call to arms for task parallelism in multi‐scale materials modeling
Authors: Barton Nathan R. , Bernier Joel V. , Knap Jaroslaw , Sunwoo Anne J. , Cerreta Ellen K. , Turner Todd J. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractSimulations based on multi‐scale material models enabled by adaptive sampling have demonstrated speedup factors exceeding an order of magnitude. The use of these methods in parallel computing is hampered by dynamic load imbalance, with load imbalance measurably reducing the achieved speedup. Here we discuss these issues in the context of task parallelism, showing results achieved to date and discussing possibilities for further improvement. In some cases, the task parallelism methods employed to date are able to restore much of the potential wall‐clock speedup. The specific application highlighted here focuses on the connection between microstructure and material performance using a polycrystal plasticity‐based multi‐scale method. However, the parallel load balancing issues are germane to a broad class of multi‐scale problems. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Self‐care practices among young adult married women
Authors: Woods Nancy F. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to explore the universal and illness‐related, self‐care activities employed by young adult women. Ninety‐six women 20 to 40 years of age kept a daily health diary for 3 weeks in which they reported their regular health care, symptoms experienced each day, and self‐care actions in response to symptoms. Women reported a total of 1,140 universal self‐care activities over the 3‐week period. Vitamin use accounted for over half of the self‐care activities, with contraceptive use and prescription medications each accounting for 15% to 20% of universal self‐care activities. The women engaged in a total of 464 illness‐related, self‐care activities. Self‐care patterns revealed a variety of self‐care measures and coping with symptoms in ways specific to the symptoms.
Going beyond the narrative summarization of research findings: The meta‐analysis approach
Authors: Curlette William L. , Cannella Kathleen Silva 
Published: February 2011

AbstractMeta‐analysis, a method for summarizing empirical studies, has been advocated in many areas of behavioral research. Expanding on existing literature, this article provides an overview of meta‐analysis with particular emphasis on its strengths and limitations. Overall, the quantitative approaches employed in meta‐analysis offer many advantages as a literature review procedure. Even if meta‐analysis is not adopted as the literature review method, awareness of the issues it raises can improve the traditional narrative summarization approach.
Reducing acute confusional states in elderly patients with hip fractures
Authors: Williams Margaret A. , Campbell Emily B. , Raynor William J. , Mlynarczyk Susan M. , Ward Sandra E. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe extent to which the incidence of postoperative acute confusional states could be reduced in elderly (⩾ age 60) patients with hip fractures was tested. Interpersonal and environmental nursing interventions were carried out with 57 patients on orthopedic units in three hospitals. The incidence of confusion was reduced from 51.5% in the comparison group (n= 170) to 43.9%. Analysis that controlled for risk factors in the two groups showed the drop in incidence to be significant (p<.02). The most effective interventions appeared to be those that provided orientation and clarification, corrected sensory deficit, and increased continuity of care.
College choice among prospective health professions majors: Implications for nursing education
Authors: Chapman David W. , Holzemer William L. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractFactors associated with high school students' decisions to pursue health‐related fields of study were investigated using the “Survey of Future Plans of High School Seniors.” Data from 10,878 seniors were analyzed using regression and discriminant analysis. Results indicated that: (a) The applicant pool for health professions overlapped most with the applicant pool for education, but education majors were characterized by lower academic aptitude; (b) the specific characteristics of a college were less important to those entering health professions than to those entering other majors; and, (c) health profession applicants with higher academic aptitude purport life goals more consistent with professional advancement than do lower aptitude applicants.
Experiencing hearing loss in later life: A comparison of deaf and hearing‐impaired older women
Authors: Magilvy Joan K. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe effects of hearing loss on the lives of two groups of older women are described: those provocationally deaf (n = 27) and those who experienced a later onset of hearing loss with aging (n = 39). The women, aged 54–96 years, were interviewed in their homes using their preferred mode of communication; open‐ended questions and the Hearing Handicap Inventory of the Elderly were used to assess social and emotional aspects of hearing loss and perceived handicap. Data were analyzed descriptively and the two groups compared on several variables. Both groups of women experienced a high degree of handicap, but expressed their problems differently. Later onset subjects emphasized emotional and situational problems while prevocationally deaf subjects expressed communication difficulty.
Preparation and applications of novel fluoroalkyl end‐capped oligomers/polyimide/silica nanocomposites
Authors: Goto Yuki , Otsuka Nobuyuki , Sawada Hideo 
Published: February 2011

AbstractFluoroalkyl end‐capped acrylic acid, N,N‐dimethylacrylamide, N‐(1,1‐dimethyl‐3‐oxobutyl)acrylamide and vinyltrimethoxysilane oligomers reacted with polyamic acid possessing trimethoxysilyl groups under alkaline conditions to yield the corresponding fluoroalkyl end‐capped oligomers/polyamic acid/silica nanocomposites. These isolated fluorinated composite powders were found to afford nanometer size‐controlled fine particles with a good dispersibility and stability in water and traditional organic solvents. We succeeded in preparing new fluoroalkyl end‐capped oligomers/polyimide/silica nanocomposites by the imidization of fluorinated polyamic acid silica nanocomposites through the stepwise heating at 110 and 270°C under air atmosphere conditions. These fluorinated polyimide/silica nanocomposites thus obtained were applied to the surface modification of glass and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) to exhibit good hydro‐ and oleo‐phobic characteristics imparted by fluoroalkyl groups in the composites on their surface. In addition, the surface morphology of the modified glass treated with these fluorinated nanocomposites were analyzed by using FE‐SEM and DFM. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Electro‐optical characteristics in phase separated liquid crystal/photo‐curable acrylic monomer mixture system
Authors: Ho Czung‐Yu , Tsai Pei‐Shiuan , Lin Huann‐Gang , Li Fong‐Ching , Lin Fa‐Hsin , Lee Jiunn‐Yih 
Published: February 2011

AbstractOne of the main objectives of the experiment was to achieve the vertical aligned (VA) effect. To accomplish this, we employed liquid crystal (LC)/photo‐curable acrylic monomers mixture systems to prepare vertical alignment copolymer film (VACOF) for LC molecules with the photo‐polymerization induce phase separation (PIPS) process.From previous experimental results, we successfully fabricated LC devices without the micro‐protrusion structure. After the application of a saturated voltage, the LC molecules actually exhibited such interesting phenomena as uniaxial orientation, uniform single‐domain display state, etc. In this study, to obtain VACOF with smooth surface, we similarly controlled appropriate experimental conditions such as UV light exposure intensity and curing temperature, and altered process parameters such as the cell thickness, chemical structure length of the main chain type biphenol acrylic monomer [to simulate the main chain function of the traditional vertical alignment type polyimide (PI)], etc.During the experiment, we discovered that regardless of the cell thickness, this photo‐alignment system would yield the VACOF instead of the polymer disperse liquid crystal (PDLC) film morphology. Another notable finding was that the contrast ratio was heavily influenced by the length of the main chain type acrylic monomer structure for LC/monomer mixture systems, with enhancement of up to ∼56%. Therefore, we further investigated the display effects, electro‐optical properties, etc. for these two main chain type acrylic monomer systems with different lengths and cell thicknesses. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Theoretical study on low‐lying states of HAlO+ and HOAl+ cations
Authors: Li Wen‐Zuo , Geng Fang , Pei Yu‐Wei , Cheng Jian‐Bo , Li Qing‐Zhong , Gong Bao‐An 
Published: February 2011

AbstractSome low‐lying states of HAlO+ and HOAl+ cations have been studied using the complete‐active‐space self‐consistent field (CASSCF) and multiconfiguration second‐order perturbation theory (CASPT2) methods with the contracted atomic natural orbital (ANO) basis sets. The geometries of all stationary points along the potential energy surfaces were optimized at the CASSCF/ANO and CASPT2/ANO levels. The ground and the first excited states of HAlO+ are predicted to be X2Π and A2Σ+ states, respectively. It was predicted that the ground state of HOAl+ is X2Σ+ state. The A2Π state of HOAl+ has unique imaginary frequency. A bent local minimum M1 was found along the 12A″ potential energy surface, and the A2Π state of HOAl+ should be the transition state of the isomerization reactions for M1 ↔ M1. The CASPT2/ANO potential energy curves of isomerization reactions were calculated as a function of HAlO bond angle. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2011
Current status and future potential of somatic mutation testing from circulating free DNA in patients with solid tumours
Authors: Aung K. L. , Board R. E. , Ellison G. , Donald E. , Ward T. , Clack G. , Ranson M. , Hughes A. , Newman W. , Dive C. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractGenetic alterations can determine the natural history of cancer and its treatment response. With further advances in DNA sequencing technology, multiple novel genetic alterations will be discovered which could be exploited as prognostic, predictive and pharmacodynamic biomarkers in the development and use of cancer therapeutics. As such, the importance in clinical practice of efficient and robust somatic mutation testing in solid tumours cannot be overemphasized in the current era of personalized medicine. However, significant challenges remain regarding the testing of genetic biomarkers in clinical practice. Reliance on archived formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tumour, obtained from diagnostic biopsies, for testing somatic genetic alterations could restrict the scientific community in asking relevant questions about a patient’s cancer biology. Problems inherent with using formalin fixed, archival tissue are well recognized and difficult to resolve. It could be argued that to achieve rapid and efficient incorporation of genetic biomarkers into clinical practice, somatic mutation testing in cancer patients should be simpler, less invasive using a readily available clinical sample, whilst maintaining robustness and reproducibility. In this regard, use of circulating free DNA (cfDNA) from plasma or serum as an alternative and/or additional source of DNA to test cancer specific genetic alterations is an attractive proposition. In light of encouraging results from recent studies, this mini review will discuss the current role and future potential of somatic mutation testing from circulating or cell free DNA derived from the blood of patients with solid tumours.
Genetic Analysis of Oil Content and Fatty Acid Composition in Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)
Authors: Golkar P. , Arzani A. , Rezaei A. M. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe F1 and F2 progenies of eight‐parent diallel crosses were used to investigate the mode of inheritance of fatty acids, oil, and protein in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) seeds. The results indicated significant differences among the parents for general (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA). Relatively high narrow‐sense heritability was estimated for fatty acids including linoleic (0.84), oleic (0.77), palmitic (0.61), and stearic (0.6) acids. The high narrow‐sense heritability and the high ratio of GCA/SCA mean squares for all the fatty acids investigated indicate the important role of additive gene action in controlling these traits. In our experiment, however, low narrow‐sense heritability was obtained for oil (0.37) and protein (0.28) contents. Furthermore, the estimates of genetic variance components proposed the importance of non‐additive genetic effects that contribute to variation in oil and protein content. The overall results indicated that K21 × Mex.22‐191 cross could be employed for the production of high oil yielding and high oleic acid safflower lines in breeding programs.
Pelvi-perineal flap reconstruction: normal imaging appearances and post-operative complications on cross-sectional imaging
Authors: Griffin Nyree , Rabouhans Jeremy , Grant Lee A. , Ng Roy L. H. , Ross David , Roblin Paul , George Mark L. 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
Radical pelvic surgery is often required in patients with advanced, persistent or recurrent gynaecological and anorectal malignancies. In the last decade, pedicled flap reconstructions have been increasingly used for pelvic floor and neovaginal reconstruction, introducing well-vascularised non-irradiated tissue into the wound cavity and hence reducing wound complications. The aim of this pictorial review is to describe the normal post-operative cross-sectional imaging appearances of the most commonly used pelvi-perineal flap reconstructions and to illustrate the complications that may arise at the flap donor and recipient sites.
Differential central pain processing following repetitive intramuscular proton/prostaglandin E2 injections in female fibromyalgia patients and healthy controls
Authors: Diersl Martin , Schleyl Marcus T. , Rancel Mariela , Yilmazl Pinar , Lauerl Lydia , Rukwiedl Roman , Schmelzl Martin , Florl Herta 
Published: January 2011

AbstractBackground: While the etiology of fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) remains unclear, it is assumed that both peripheral and central components are involved.Aims/methods: To investigate central activation patterns following chemically‐induced muscle pain we repetitively injected protons (low pH) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in isotonic solution into the left extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle of female FMS patients and female healthy control subjects (HC). The injection of protons/PGE2 has the advantage that it is not prone to tachyphylaxis compared to capsaicin and hypotonic saline solution. During the repetitive injections continuous pain ratings were recorded and functional magnetic resonance imaging measurements were conducted.Results: Injection of protons/PGE2 led to activation of the anterior and medial cingulate cortices, contralateral primary sensory cortex, bilateral insula and thalamus, left basal ganglia, left orbitofrontal cortex and the cerebellum in FMS patients. In HC, activations were found only in the anterior, medial, and posterior cingulate cortices, and the primary somatosensory cortex. The contrast between the groups revealed significantly stronger activation for FMS patients in the left anterior insula. Peak pain ratings were comparable between HC and FMS patients, but pain duration (sustained pain) was prolonged in FM.Conclusion: Repetitive proton/PGE2‐induced excitation of muscle tissue led to a more prolonged perception of pain and more wide‐spread activation in pain‐related brain areas in FMS, especially in the left (ipsilateral) insula, whereas acute protons/PGE2‐induced pain processing was similar in the two groups. These data provide further evidence for enhanced central pain processing in FMS patients.
Erythropoietin for neonatal brain injury: opportunity and challenge
Authors: Xiong Tao , Qu Yi , Mu Dezhi , Ferriero Donna 
Published: January 2011

AbstractNeonatal brain injury, caused by perinatal hypoxia‐ischemia and extreme prematurity, remains a great challenge for prevention and treatment. There is no effective treatment for term hypoxic‐ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) except hypothermia which by itself does not afford complete neuroprotection. Erythropoietin (EPO), a pleiotropic cytokine, has neuroprotective effects in a series of neonatal experimental models and recent clinical trials of HIE. However, the mechanisms, dosing, and the toxicity of EPO in these settings are inconsistently reported. This review will focus on the possible mechanisms, recent clinical advances and potential complications of EPO used in research and the clinic. In addition, optimal dose and administrative routes of EPO, and novel EPO mimetics will be discussed.