bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Addictive-like behaviours to ultraviolet light among frequent indoor tanners
Authors: Harrington C. R. , Beswick T. C. , Leitenberger J. , Minhajuddin A. , Jacobe H. T. , Adinoff B. 
Published: June 2010

SummaryBackground. Frequent, purposeful exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light may induce a compulsive desire to tan despite the negative consequences being known, suggesting a behavioural complex similar to addictive disorders.Aim. To assess the presence of addictive-like behaviours in subjects using indoor tanning salons.Methods. Subjects (n = 100) were surveyed by two questionnaires: a modified CAGE questionnaire to assess behaviours consistent with problem tanning and a modified Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV) (‘substance dependence’ criteria) to assess behaviours consistent with a dependence-like disorder.Results. In total, 41% of subjects met criteria consistent with a ‘tanning addictive disorder’, and an additional 33% met criteria for problematic tanning behaviour based on the modified CAGE criteria or subthreshold criteria on the modified DSM-IV criteria. Female gender and early age of onset were associated with meeting tanning addiction criteria.Conclusion. A high percentage of subjects who tan frequently in indoor salons experience behaviours and consequences to their tanning consistent with other identified addictive disorders.
Structural changes in exon 11 of MEF2A are not related to sporadic coronary artery disease in Han Chinese population
Authors: Dai Da‐Peng , Zhou Xiao‐Yang , Xiao Yao , Xu Feng , Sun Fu‐Cheng , Ji Fu‐Sui , Zhang Zhi‐Xin , Hu Ji‐Hong , Guo Jian , Zheng Jun‐De , Dong Jia‐Mei , Zhu Wei‐Guo , Shen Yan , Qian Yi‐Jian , He Qing , Cai Jian‐Ping 
Published: June 2010

Eur J Clin Invest 2010; 40 (8): 669–677AbstractBackground  A mutation in MEF2A (myocyte enhancer factor‐2A) had been reported to be the first gene linked directly to coronary artery disease (CAD). However, an opposing opinion was proposed recently that MEF2A mutations are not a common cause of sporadic CAD. In this study, we screened exon 11 of the MEF2A gene in people of the Han nationality in China and finished some functional analysis of found variations.Materials and methods  A gene structural investigation of MEF2A in 257 CAD patients and 154 control individuals were developed in this study. Subsequently, typical MEF2A variations were cloned and expressed in HeLa or 293T cell line to illustrate whether found structure changes could influence the main biological functions of these proteins. At last, another set of gene structural screen was initialized to get more reliable conclusions.Results  Totally 16 different variations were detected in exon 11 of this gene in the first set of gene structural screen. By cloning and expressing typical MEF2A proteins in cultured cells, all the acquired MEF2A variations had transcriptional activation capabilities and subcellular localization patterns similar to those of the wild‐type protein. Further larger scale genetic screening also revealed that the reported genetic variations of MEF2A did not differ significantly between CAD patients and healthy controls.Conclusions  Our results reveal that structural changes of exon 11 in MEF2A are not involved in sporadic CAD in the Han population of China.
Electrical optimization of cardiac resynchronization in chronic heart failure is associated with improved clinical long‐term outcome
Authors: Adlbrecht Christopher , Hülsmann Martin , Gwechenberger Marianne , Graf Senta , Wiesbauer Franz , Strunk Guido , Khazen Cesar , Brodnjak Isabella , Neuhold Stephanie , Binder Thomas , Maurer Gerald , Pacher Richard 
Published: June 2010

Eur J Clin Invest 2010; 40 (8): 678–684AbstractBackground  Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is an established treatment option for symptomatic chronic heart failure (CHF) patients with pharmacological baseline therapy, but not all patients benefit from device therapy. One reason for this may be inadequate device settings. In real‐world practice, echocardiographic evaluation of atrioventricular (AV) delay is not performed in a high proportion of patients, as the effect of electrical optimization of CRT is an issue open for investigation.Materials and methods  We performed a retrospective observational study analysing the effect of AV‐interval evaluation with echocardiography on long‐term [32 (23?43) months] clinical outcome in 205 CHF patients. A stepwise Cox regression model including a co‐morbidity score, failed AV‐interval evaluation, satisfactory device function after the first implantation attempt, failure to reach 100% of the recommended renin‐angiotensin system inhibitor and beta‐blocker dose at follow‐up and CRT device implantation compared with CRT in combination with an implanted cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) was applied.Results  In the total study cohort, 124 (60·5%) patients had reached the primary combined endpoint death or cardiac hospitalization and 59 (28·8%) had died. Cox regression analysis revealed that failed AV‐interval evaluation [HR = 1·72 (1·19–2·49), P = 0·004] non‐optimized CHF pharmacotherapy dosages [HR = 2·12 (1·32–3·42), P = 0·002], the presence of a CRT/ICD combination device [HR = 1·87 (1·28–2·71), P = 0·001] and satisfactory device function after the first implantation attempt [HR = 0·44 (0·25–0·77), P = 0·004] were associated with the primary endpoint.Conclusion  Echocardiographic evaluation of the AV‐interval in patients with CRT was independently associated with improved clinical outcome, impacting on daily clinical practice of HF patient care.
Interference in thyroid‐stimulating hormone determination
Authors: Imperiali Mauro , Jelmini Paola , Ferraro Biagio , Keller Franco , Della Bruna Roberto , Balerna Marco , Giovanella Luca 
Published: June 2010

Eur J Clin Invest 2010; 40 (8): 756–758AbstractBackground  Thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH) measurement plays a major role in the diagnosis of thyroid disorders. Despite the good quality of immunochemical tests measuring TSH levels, the presence of interfering substances can sometimes alter the TSH results.Design  We reported the case of a 79‐year‐old man affected by primary autoimmune hypothyroidism hospitalized for pneumonia. A TSH value > 100 mIU L‐1 (reference: 0.44 mIU L‐1) was found at admission. No signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism were found upon clinical examination and serum concentration of the free thyroxine (FT4) was normal.Results  Serum treatment in heterophile antibody blocking tubes did not change the TSH result in our assay, while normal levels were found in a different immunoassay method. An abnormal pattern was found in protein electrophoresis at admission, with IgG / j and IgM / k monoclonal bands proved in immunofixation. Interestingly, the disappearance of monoclonal bands was paralleled with a normalization of the TSH value.Conclusions  We suggest in this study that the TSH determination might be influenced by the presence of transient paraproteins.
Plant–soil associations in a lower montane tropical forest: physiological acclimation and herbivore‐mediated responses to nitrogen addition
Authors: Andersen Kelly M. , Corre Marife D. , Turner Benjamin L. , Dalling James W. 
Published: June 2010

Summary 1. Soil nutrients influence plant productivity and community composition in tropical forests. In lower montane tropical forests in western Panama, the distribution of understory palm species over a scale of 1–20 km correlates with differences in soil nitrogen (N). We hypothesized that soil N determines seedling performance in the forest understory, and, may therefore influence species distributions along the soil N gradient. 2. We explored the potential for N availability to generate species‐habitat associations through species‐specific differences in biomass allocation, photosynthetic capacity, N use‐efficiency, and susceptibility to herbivory. Seedlings of nine palm species from two sub‐families and four habitat types were transplanted into N‐addition and control plots at a low N site. Growth, mortality, biomass allocation, photosynthesis, foliar N content and herbivory were measured over 21 months. 3. Foliar N increased for all species (15–68%) following N addition. Most species showed strong (20–200%) increases in photosynthetic rates with N addition except two species with marginal decreases in photosynthetic rates (5–15%). However, shifts in physiological traits did not increase relative growth rate or change in biomass allocation for any species or N treatment combination. Rather, increased leaf quality contributed to greater levels of herbivory in species associated with soils of intermediate and high inorganic N availability. 4. Thus, potential increases in overall growth with N addition were masked by herbivory, resulting in no apparent growth response with increased N. We suggest that for understory palms, and potentially other montane forest plants, distribution patterns are driven by a combination of physiological and herbivore‐mediated responses to soil nutrient availability.
Climate change, chytridiomycosis or condition: an experimental test of amphibian survival
Authors: GARNER TRENTON W. J. , ROWCLIFFE J. MARCUS , FISHER MATTHEW C. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractVariation in climatic temperature is frequently cited as playing a powerful role in driving host/pathogen dynamics, and as a consequence future patterns of disease are predicted to change owing to global warming. However, the preponderance of data is correlative and few quantitative tests exist that dissect the relative effects of changing temperature on host and pathogen responses. In this study, we experimentally tested the effect overwintering temperature had on the susceptibility of a vertebrate ectothermic host, the common toad Bufo bufo, to infection and mortality caused by Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd). We show that a ‘poor’ (warmer) overwintering regime increases the probability of infection, supporting the concept that the dynamics of infection are altered by changing environmental temperature profiles. We also show once established, the proliferation of Bd in the host was better in toadlets that experienced a ‘good’ (colder) winter. We find no relationship between survival and the different overwintering regimes or any consistent deleterious influence of disease on survival. Instead, survival is overwhelmingly predicted by measurements of condition (mass, mass lost over winter) that were not determined by overwintering temperature. We conclude that the survival of a cohort of overwintering toadlets is primarily driven by patterns of growth during the larval period rather than winter temperature or infectious disease.
ERG rearrangement in small cell prostatic and lung cancer
Authors: Scheble Veit J , Braun Martin , Wilbertz Theresia , Stiedl Ann‐Cathrin , Petersen Karen , Schilling David , Reischl Markus , Seitz Gerhard , Fend Falko , Kristiansen Glen , Perner Sven 
Published: June 2010

Scheble V J, Braun M, Wilbertz T, Stiedl A‐C, Petersen K, Schilling D, Reischl M, Seitz G, Fend F, Kristiansen G & Perner S (2010) Histopathology 56, 937–943 ERG rearrangement in small cell prostatic and lung cancerAims:  Small cell prostatic cancer is a rare but aggressive disease. Currently, its histogenetic origin is unclear and its distinction from metastatic small cell lung cancer is challenging. The aim of our study was to determine whether the ERG rearrangement commonly observed in acinar prostatic cancer can distinguish small cell prostatic cancer from small cell lung cancer samples.Methods and results:  We assessed 15 small cell prostatic cancers and 22 small cell lung cancers for ERG rearrangement using fluorescence in situ hybridization. Commonly used and novel immunohistochemical markers (i.e. androgen receptor, calcium activated nucleotidase 1, Golgi phosphoprotein 2, prostate‐specific antigen, prostate‐specific membrane antigen, CD56, epithelial membrane antigen, thyroid transcription factor 1, chromogranin A, synaptophysin and Ki67) were further studied. ERG rearrangement occured in 86% of small cell prostatic cancers but in none of the small cell lung cancers and was the best marker to differentiate between both tumours (P < 0.0001).Conclusions:  The ERG rearrangement is commonly observed in small cell prostatic cancer, supporting the hypothesis that ERG rearrangement occurs in aggressive prostatic cancers. Furthermore, the ERG rearrangement is the most significant marker to differentiate between small cell prostatic cancer and small cell lung cancer. Moreover, our data suggest that small cell prostatic cancer is not a tumour entity on its own, but a dedifferentiated variant of common acinar prostatic cancer.
A study of indefinite for dysplasia in Barrett’s oesophagus: reproducibility of diagnosis, clinical outcomes and predicting progression with AMACR (α‐methylacyl‐CoA‐racemase)
Authors: Sonwalkar Sunil A , Rotimi Olorunda , Scott Nigel , Verghese Eldo , Dixon Mike , Axon Anthony T R A , Everett Simon M 
Published: June 2010

Sonwalkar S A, Rotimi O, Scott N, Verghese E, Dixon M, Axon A T R A & Everett S M (2010) Histopathology 56, 900–907 A study of indefinite for dysplasia in Barrett’s oesophagus: reproducibility of diagnosis, clinical outcomes and predicting progression with AMACR (α‐methylacyl‐CoA‐racemase)Aims:  To assess interobserver variation in the diagnosis of dysplasia in Barrett’s oesophagus, especially indefinite dysplasia (IND) using the revised Vienna classification. A secondary aim was to study clinical outcome of IND cases and to evaluate expression of alpha‐methyl‐CoA racemase (AMACR) as a marker predictive of progression.Methods and results:  Cases of Barrett’s oesophagus and dysplasia over a 20 year period were assessed. Three experienced histopathologists reviewed 101 cases on set criteria in a blinded fashion. Slides were immunostained for AMACR and evaluated for the presence, extent and location of AMACR expression. Clinical and progression data were collected. Overall agreement for the diagnosis of dysplasia was fair (k = 0.35) but that for IND was poor (k = 0.18). 6 IND cases progressed after a median follow‐up of 31.4 months to a higher grade. The sensitivity of AMACR for the detection of abnormality was 22% for IND and specificity 100%. The positive predictive value of AMACR for progression was 0.44 and the negative predictive value was 0.92.Conclusion:  Fair agreement was achieved for the diagnosis of dysplasia but poor agreement for IND. A proportion of IND cases progress. Re‐diagnosis or consensus diagnosis did not predict progression. AMACR shows promise as a marker to indicate IND patients in need of more intensive surveillance.
Smoothelin immunohistochemistry is a useful adjunct for assessing muscularis propria invasion in bladder carcinoma
Authors: Bovio Ian M , Al‐Quran Samer Z , Rosser Charles J , Algood Chester B , Drew Peter A , Allan Robert W 
Published: June 2010

Bovio I M, Al‐Quran S Z, Rosser C J, Algood C B, Drew P A & Allan R W (2010) Histopathology 56, 951–956  Smoothelin immunohistochemistry is a useful adjunct for assessing muscularis propria invasion in bladder carcinomaAims:  To prospectively evaluate the utility of smoothelin immunohistochemical expression for the evaluation of muscularis propria (MP) in diagnostic transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT) specimens and cystectomies.Methods and results:  Smoothelin immunohistochemistry was performed on a total of 26 TURBT and cystectomy specimens. All but two cases (24/26) demonstrated strong (3+) or moderate (2+) immunoreactivity of the MP with smoothelin. Muscularis mucosae (MM) never displayed strong (3+) reactivity, and in only one case did the MM have moderate (2+) reactivity; in this case the MP had strong (3+) reactivity. MM intensity mirrored the intensity of reactivity of blood vessels in all cases (26/26). Using moderate or strong immunoreactivity as a cut‐off, smoothelin had a sensitivity of 92% for detecting MP and a specificity of 97% for distinguishing between MP and MM. In all unequivocal MP‐invasive and lamina proporia‐invasive cases by haematoxylin and eosin (H&E), smoothelin immunohistochemistry confirmed the original light microscopic diagnosis. In four cases in which there was equivocal MP involvement by H&E, smoothelin helped establish MP invasion.Conclusions:  Smoothelin immunohistochemistry has diagnostic utility in the evaluation of MP invasion in urothelial carcinoma. Smoothelin could be used as an adjunct to traditional H&E‐stained light microscopy and may help reduce the number of equivocal diagnoses.
p16INK4A overexpression is frequently detected in tumour‐free tonsil tissue without association with HPV
Authors: Klingenberg Boris , Hafkamp Harriët C , Haesevoets Annick , Manni Johannes J , Slootweg Pieter J , Weissenborn Soenke J , Klussmann Jens P , Speel Ernst‐Jan M 
Published: June 2010

Klingenberg B, Hafkamp H C, Haesevoets A, Manni J J, Slootweg P J, Weissenborn S J, Klussmann J P & Speel E‐J M (2010) Histopathology 56, 957–967 p16INK4Aoverexpression is frequently detected in tumour‐free tonsil tissue without association with HPVAims:  Oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 has been strongly associated with tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) and appears to be of prognostic significance. Because HPV+ TSCC also accumulates p16INK4A, this cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitor has been proposed as a potential biomarker for HPV in clinical diagnosis. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HPV in tumour‐free tonsillar tissue and the value of p16INK4A overexpression in predicting its presence.Methods and results:  p16INK4A overexpression was detected by immunohistochemistry in tissue sections of tumour‐free tonsils of 262 patients. They were treated for non‐oncological reasons (snoring or chronic/recurrent tonsillitis) consisting of tonsillectomy. Genomic DNA isolated from these tissues was subjected to HPV‐specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. p16INK4A immunoreactivity was detected in 28% of samples in both crypt epithelium (49/177) and lymphoid germinal centres (52/187), which correlated with each other (P < 0.0001). No reactivity was observed in superficial squamous cell epithelium. HPV16 and 18 were detected by PCR analysis in 2/195 cases (1%), which, however, were negative on fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis and discrepant on p16INK4A immunostaining.Conclusions:  No proof was found for the presence of HPV in tumour‐free tonsil tissue, despite increased p16INK4A expression in a quarter of tonsil cases. Other mechanisms than HPV infection are therefore implicated in p16INK4A up‐regulation.
Transgenic analysis of the BmBLOS2 gene that governs the translucency of the larval integument of the silkworm, Bombyx mori
Authors: Fujii T. , Daimon T. , Uchino K. , Banno Y. , Katsuma S. , Sezutsu H. , Tamura T. , Shimada T. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe larval integument of the silkworm, Bombyx mori, is opaque because urate granules accumulate in the epidermis. Although the biosynthetic pathway of uric acid is well studied, little is known about how uric acid accumulates as urate granules in epidermal cells. In the distinct oily (od) mutant silkworm, the larval integument is translucent because of the inability to construct urate granules. Recently, we have found that the od mutant has a genomic deletion in the B. mori homologue of the human biogenesis of lysosome‐related organelles complex1, subunit 2 (BLOS2) gene (BmBLOS2). Here, we performed a molecular and functional characterization of BmBLOS2. Northern blot analysis showed that BmBLOS2 was ubiquitously expressed in various tissues. We analysed the structure of a newly isolated mutant (odB) allelic to od and found a premature stop codon in the coding sequence of BmBLOS2 in this new mutation. Moreover, the translucent phenotype was rescued by the germ‐line transformation of the wild‐type BmBLOS2 allele into the od mutant. Our results suggest that BmBLOS2 is responsible for the od mutant phenotype and plays a crucial role in biogenesis of urate granules in the larval epidermis of the silkworm. The relationships amongst Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome (HPS) genes in mammals, granule group genes in Drosophila and translucent mutant genes in B. mori are discussed.
Pollination services provided to small and large highbush blueberry fields by wild and managed bees
Authors: Isaacs Rufus , Kirk Anna K. 
Published: June 2010

Summary 1. Plantings of pollinator‐dependent crops vary from large, intensively managed fields to small fields that are managed less intensively, yet there is relatively little information on how pollinator populations and their contribution to crop productivity vary across this gradient. 2. We determined the relative importance of wild bees and managed honey bees Apis mellifera L. for crop pollination in the blueberry Vaccinium corymbosum L. system of Michigan, USA, by comparing bee communities in small, isolated blueberry fields with those in large blueberry fields (stocked with managed honey bee hives) and measuring the difference in yields of open‐pollinated and pollinator‐excluded clusters of flowers. We combined these assessments to calculate the contribution of bees to crop production in this system. 3. Wild bees were the dominant pollinators in small fields, comprising 58% of flower‐visiting bees, whereas 97% of bees in large fields were honey bees. Large fields had four times as many bees visiting flowers than small fields, but only one‐tenth as many bumble bees as small fields. 4. Levels of fruit set exceeded 85% in all fields and were similar between field sizes. Berry weight increased with flower exposure to pollinators and was positively correlated with bee abundance. Berry weights from open‐pollinated flowers were twice as high in large fields compared with small fields. 5. By combining berry weight increases attributable to honey bees and wild bees in blueberry fields with measurements of the bee community adjusted for pollinator efficiency, we calculated the relative contributions of honey bees and wild bees to pollination of Michigan blueberries. We estimate that wild bees provide 82% of the pollination in small fields but only 12% of the total pollination services across this system, mostly through their secondary role in large fields. 6. Synthesis and applications. Wild bees are the primary pollinators of small blueberry fields, but these insects are at low abundance in large fields, perhaps due to a lack of nesting resources or competition for resources with honey bees. Our findings highlight the dependence of commercial fruit producers on honey bees and suggest that increasing the pollination contribution of other bees, particularly bumble bees, in large fields will require that growers adopt wild bee conservation strategies or stock their fields with managed colonies. Quantifying the contributions of managed and wild pollinating bees across the range of crop production scenarios will help to direct development of integrated crop pollination strategies to minimize the risk of pollination deficits affecting food production.