bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Observation of dendritic cells in subclinical corneal graft disease using confocal microscopy imaging
Authors: WOJCIK L , WYLEGALA E , SMEDOWSKI A , ORSKI M 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose The aim of this study was to show the applicability of confocal microscopy for the diagnosis of corneal graft disease in presence of masking corneal changes.Methods The examined group consisted of 12 patients with suspected corneal graft rejection, in which the local state of the cornea caused difficulties in diagnosis. 7 patients was after DALK procedure, 4 after PK, 1 after DSAEK. Local state of corneal transplant included: edema in secondary glaucoma (3 patients), inflammation with ulceration (3 patients), edema in bullous keratopathy (1 patient), edema in keratouveitis (4 patients), haze after inflammation (1 patient). We performed following procedures: slit lamp examination, scans using a Scheimpflug camera (Pentacam, OCULUS), confocal microscopy in vivo (Rostock Cornea Module, Heidelberg Engineering Retina Tomograph III).Results In a slit lamp examination, uncharacteristic macroscopic changes were described ‐ focal turbidity, endothelial deposits and edema. In an examination with the Scheimpflug camera an increased thickness and haze in the posterior stroma was reported. In order to search for microstructural evidence of rejection underwent corneal confocal microscopy which in 11/12 cases showed infiltration of dendritic cells. These cells were located at well‐defined depth (where the adhesion of the corneal transplant) and was not appearing in other parts of the cornea.Conclusion In vivo confocal microscopy is a useful method for the detection of corneal transplant disease also in presence of local changes masking rejection symptoms. This examination is characterized by high sensitivity and ranges in this study of about 92%.
Observation of dendritic cells in corneal graft disease in keratoconus patient after deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty using confocal microscopy imaging
Authors: WOJCIK L , WYLEGALA E , SMEDOWSKI A , ORSKI M 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose The aim of this study was to present the applicability of corneal confocal microscopy for the early identification and monitoring of treatment efficacy in corneal graft disease.Methods In the 45‐year‐old patient after transplantation because of keratoconus, suspected of graft rejection was performed the following tests: basic slit lamp examination, corneal scans using a Scheimpflug camera (Pentacam, OCULUS) and corneal confocal microscopy in vivo (Rostock Cornea Module Heidelberg Retina Tomograph III Engineering). The study was performed on admission and one week and two weeks after the implementation of local steroids.Results In a slit lamp examination, uncharacteristic macroscopic changes were described ‐ focal turbidity, endothelial deposits and oedema. In an examination with the Scheimpflug camera, endothelial deposits were seen as highly hiperreflective structures reaching the level of the endothelium to the posterior of the corneal stroma. These symptoms are not also unique to transplant disease. In order to search for microstructural evidence of rejection underwent corneal confocal microscopy in which visualized monomorphic intense infiltration of inflammatory cells and dendritic cells, located primarily in the area near the posterior stroma and Descemet membrane. During the steroidotherapy reduction with number of dendritc cells were observed cell infiltration set up to complete disappearance of their normal structure and appearance of the endothelium.Conclusion Corneal confocal microscopy is a useful method for early detection and monitoring of disease corneal transplant.
Epidemiology of microbial keratitis: A review of 508 cases
Authors: HOFFART L , DORNADIN A , DRANCOURT M 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To describe epidemiological and microbial characteristics of infectious keratitisMethods The infectious agents of microbial keratitis remains frequently undetermined. We conducted a prospective study to evaluate systematic screening for bacterial, viral, fungal and amoebic pathogens. All patients referred to the participating ophthalmology departments in France from April 2006 to April 2012 had a microbial keratitis that were analyzed by corneal scraping and contact lens and contact lens care testing if patients wore contact lens. The standardized protocol for laboratory investigations included cultures (standard, culture of amoeba and amoeba‐based culture of pathogens), and PCR (16s, 18s, mycobacterium, universal fungal, amoeba, HSV, ZVZ, CMV, mimivirus and sputnik).Results 508 cases of microbial keratitis were included, the average of age was 49.4 years (SD: 23.2), the sex ratio 1:1. Predisposing risk factors were identified in 71.1% of patients: the most frequent was the contact lens wear in 41.2% cases, then ocular trauma and ocular surface disease (8.2% each), ocular surgery (7.5%) and multifactorial in 6.3 %. Among the 508 included patients, an infection was diagnosed in 185 cases (36.4%): 62% on corneal samples, 28% on contact lens and contact lens care and 10 % on both. On corneal samples, 78.5% were caused by bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most frequent), 3 % by mycobacteria, 10.5% by virus, 6% by fungus and 2% by protozoa.Conclusion Microbial keratitis was rare without risk factor and contact lens wear appear to be the most important risk factor. Microbiological agents responsible of infectious keratitis remain essentially bacterial.
The contribution of tear osmolarity measurement to ocular surface assessment in soft contact lens wearers
Authors: MUSELIER A , MATHIEU B , BRIGNOLE‐BAUDOUIN F , NIAZI A , BRETILLON L , BRON A , CREUZOT‐GARCHER C 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To determine whether tear osmolarity using the TearLabTM Osmolarity System contributes to the assessment of the ocular surface in contact lens (CL) wearers.Methods Data were collected from 44 CL wearers (28 tolerant and 16 intolerant) and 34 healthy subjects. Every patient underwent a thorough ophthalmic examination and tear osmolarity test, conjunctival impression cytology and meibomian lipid sampling. Symptoms, break‐up time (BUT), tear osmolarity, conjunctival expression of HLA‐DR and meibomian fatty acid composition were evaluated.Results Tear osmolarity was significantly higher in the controls compared to tolerant and intolerant CL wearers (p=0.0007). Flow cytometry results expressed in antibody‐binding capacity (ABC) units and percentage of positive cells revealed a significant difference between intolerant CL wearers group and control group (p<0.0001). Moreover, impression cytology analysis showed similar values in the tolerant CL wearers and the control group. BUT was significantly shorter in intolerant and tolerant CL wearers subjects than in healthy subjects (p<0.0001), whereas there was no significant difference in meibomian fatty acid composition (p=0.98) between groups.Conclusion CL wear is responsible for ocular surface alterations whose patterns are very similar to those reported in dry eye syndrome. However, the yield of tear osmolarity with TearLabTM in assessing ocular surface disorders in CL wearers deserves further investigation.
Quality of vision in patients with herpetic keratitis
Authors: ROUSSEAU A , KASWIN G , BARREAU E , M'GARRECH M , LABETOULLE M 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose Patients with history of recurrent herpetic keratitis very often complain about their vision despite normal visual acuity (VA). The purpose of this study was to assess the optical aberrations and the quality of vision of the affected eye in patients with unilateral recurrent herpetic keratitis with preserved VA, and to compare these results with those of the non‐affected eye.Methods Patients (n=15) with unilateral recurrent herpetic keratitis and an normal VA (Best corrected VA≤0 logMAR) were included in this study. Corneal optical aberrations of both eyes were assessed using dynamic skiascopy with OPD Scan II® (Nidek™). Wavefront analysis was performed during a quiescent period of the herpetic disease. The fellow eye was used as control. A blinded examiner retrospectively analyzed all the datas.Results The root mean square was significantly increased for high order aberrations (p=0.004) in the affected eye and particularly for trefoil and tetrafoil (p=0.004 and 0.02, respectively). In addition, The modulation transfer function (area under the curve) and the Strehl’s ratio were significantly lower in the affected eyes compared to the non affected eyes (p=0.02 and 0.02).Conclusion Our data show that herpetic keratitis induces wavefront abnormalities which could explain visual discomfort reported by patients with normal VA. A prospective study including more patients should provide further informations on the rate and the clinical significance of these optical aberrations.
Assessment of the improvement of the quality of vision after Meibopatch© treatment, with OQAS and Hartmann‐Shack aberrometry in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction
Authors: DUPONT L , NOCHEZ Y , PISELLA PJ , COCHENER B , GICQUEL JJ 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To assess optical quality before and after treatment with Meibopatch© (eyelid‐warming device) in patient with mild and severe Meibomian gland dysfunction.Methods The Meibopatch© was applied for 5 minutes twice a day for one month to 20 eyes of 10 patients who exhibited dry‐eye symptoms (OSDI), decreased tear film break‐up time (TFBUT) due to altered meibomian gland secretions. We examined TFBUT, meibomian gland secretions, dry‐eye symptoms, and assessed optical quality with OQAS (MTF and OSI) and Hartmann‐Schack (RMS) aberrometry before, 15 days and 1 month after treatment.Results We have observed a significant improvement of the BUT, OSDI, Meibomian gland secretion quality, MTF and OSI after treatment.Conclusion The Meibopatch © eyelids warming device improved dry‐eye symptoms, TFBUT and meibomian gland secretion quality. Our study showed also a significant improvement of both MTF and OSI.
Prospective study of a new matrix therapy agent (RGTA) for the treatment of neurotrophic ulcers
Authors: GUEUDRY J , AIFA A , PORTMANN A , DELCAMPE A , MURAINE M 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To evaluate the efficacy of a new matrix therapy agent (RGTA, Cacicol®), an analogue of heparan sulphates, for management of severe neurotrophic keratopathy.Methods We carried out a prospective, single‐centre, uncontrolled study of 11 eyes in 11 patients, presenting corneal neurotrophic ulcers, despite use of preservative‐free artificial tears for 15 days. Mean age was 58 years. All patients had corneal anaesthesia. RGTA treatment was instilled in the morning,as the fist eyedrop, on alternate days. Main outcome measures were for each patient healing of the corneal surface and best corrected visual acuity during and after treatment.Results Eight patients displayed complete healing of the ulcer, after a mean period of 8.7 weeks (range; 1 to 22 weeks). Mean ulcer area decreased significantly, from 11.12% to 6.37% (p=0.0479) in the first week, to 1.56% (p=0.0054) at one month. Treatment failure was observed in three cases, requiring amniotic membrane transplantation in two patients and penetrating keratoplasty in one patient. At the end of the study, none of the patients displayed a significant improvement in visual acuity. None of the patients reported pain or discomfort during instillation of RGTA eyedrops.Conclusion This heparin mimetic, which may stimulate extracellular matrix healing, may be a possible, non‐invasive, alternative therapy in severe neurotrophic keratopathy. However, randomized studies are necessary.
Polymeric membranes for corneal epithelium engineering based on chitosan and structural proteins
Authors: WOWRA B , WYLEGALA E , GROLIK M , DOBROWOLSKI D , SCZUBIALKA K , NOWAKOWSKA M , ORSKI M , SMEDOWSKI A , WOJCIK L 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To develop chitosan hydrogel scaffolds for corneal epithelium cultures.Methods The hydrogel scaffold in the form of a membrane was obtained from chitosan‐natural linear polysaccharide derived from chitin from crustacean shells. It is anti‐bacterial, biocompatible, biologically inert, stable in the natural environment and safe for human. Chitosan films containing keratin and collagen were cross‐linked with genipin, a naturally occurring and nontoxic agent compound found in the gardenia fruit extract. Corneal epithelial cells were seeded on chitosan hydrogel scaffold and were cultivated for 14 days in standard condition using DMEM/F12HAM medium with 3T3 fibroblast co‐culture.Results Mean number of cell layers was 5,2 (3‐8). Immunostaining for cytokeratin 3 and 12,protein p63, connexin 43 was performed to confirm origin of the epithelium and presence of low differentiated cells.Conclusion Genipin crosslinked chitosan hydrogel seems to be a promising material for further clinical tests directed towards the development of implantable corneal epithelial cells
The role of Confocal Microscopy in evaluation and treatment of infectious keratitis
Authors: ORSKI M , WYLEGALA E , TARNAWSKA D , WOJCIK L , SMEDOWSKI A , WOWRA B 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To evaluate the role of in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) in the diagnosis and treatment of infectious keratitis.Methods 24 patients with keratitis were examined by slit‐lamp biomicroscopy and IVCM (HRT). All IVCM examinations were assessed for inflammatory activity and potential etiology. After obtaining baseline cultures, patients were treated as bacterial (10), viral (5), fungal (8) or Acanthamoeba (1) related keratitis based on clinical findings and IVCM.Results Primary outcome was clinical improvement, secondary outcome was correlation between IVCM findings and final culture. In 23 cases (9 bacterial, 5 viral, 8 fungal and 1 Acanthamoeba) clnical improvement was observed within 21 days whereas 1 patient worsened. In bacterial suspected group cultures were positive in 7 cases (70%), in viral none of the cultures were positive. Despite typical clinical image and IVCM findings and clinical improvement on adequate medication in fungal and Acanthamoeba suspected groups cultures remained negative.Conclusion Our study suggests that IVCM along with clinical evaluation can be a useful tool in early diagnosis and guided treatment of patients with infectious keratitis, until definitive culture results are available. However, a prospective clinical study is recommended to further study the role of IVCM in infectious keratitis.
Corneal cross‐linking and Ferrara ® intracorneal rings for the treatment of progressive keratoconus : About 23 cases
Authors: LUSSATO M , DELBARRE M , BLAVIER B , LEDUC C , CREPY P , FROUSSAERT‐MAILLE F , RIGAL‐SASTOURNE JC 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose Keratoconus is a noninflammatory corneal ectasia which results in progressive visual loss due to the appearance of irregular astigmatism and myopia. We present the results obtained in patients treated with cross‐linking and intracorneal ring implantation.Methods This prospective study involved 23 eyes of 17 patients with progressive keratoconus (stage 2 and 3). All patients underwent a combined treatment by cross‐linking. and intracorneal rings (Ferrara ®) implantation 3 months later. Uncorrected and corrected visual acuity, spherical equivalent, minimum, maximum and mean keratometry were measured preoperatively and 12 months after implantation.Results At 12 months, improvement in uncorrected and best corrected visual acuity was found, with a gain of 1.6 lines . We found a statistically significant reduction in mean keratometry (1.21 D, P = 0.017) and maximum keratometry with a reduction of 1.969 diopters (P = 0.007). Reduction of minimum keratometry (‐2.58 D) and spherical equivalent (‐1.711 D) were also statistically significant (p<0.05).Conclusion This new therapeutic approach seems attractive in the management of keratoconus to postpone the time of corneal transplant.
Postoperative astigmatism induction ‐ femtosecondlaser‐assisted penetrating keratoplasty vs penetrating keratoplasty
Authors: DOBROWOLSKI D , MILKA M , WYLEGALA E 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To compare postoperative astigmatism outcomes of femtosecondlaser‐assisted 110°‐cut PK (FLPK) with conventional PK (PK)in keratoconus patients.Methods 62 keratoconus patients were divided into 2 groups: FLPK‐32 patients, PK‐30 patients. Procedures were done with femtosecondlaser‐assisted 110°‐cut with outer diameter of donor's cornea 8.0 mm, in conventional PK donor's graft diameter was also 8.0 mm. Postoperative astigmatism, BCVA, endothelial cell loss were evaluated.Results Follow‐up was at least 6 months. Postoperative astigmatism was lower in FLPK group (2,1±0,5D versus 4,19±1,7D in PK group, p<0.05). BCVA was respectively 0,59±0,1 and 0,55±0,1, endothelial cell loss 30,4±8,3% and 34,1±7,8% respectively.Conclusion Femtosecondlaser‐assisted surgery results in lover astigmatism level
Improving DSAEK donor grafts cut using microkeratome motorization and pressure monitoring
Authors: BERNARD A , NEFZAOUI C , GRIOT O , CAMPOLMI N , ACQUART S , PEREIRA S , THEILLIERE C , PISELLI S , THURET G , GAIN P 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose in the world, most of the DSAEK donor corneas are prepared using the anterior chamber (AC) and manual microkeratome from Moria. Pressure within the AC, rapidity and regularity of the manual movement directly impact on the thickness and reproducibility of the cut. Our aim was to develop and validate a simple microkeratome motorization and pressure monitoring liable to improve cut qualityMethods we developed a turntable with programmable speed rotation and a sterilizable device to connect a digital pressure gauge (Ahlborn, Germany). After deswelling, organ cultured human corneas were cut with the Moria microkeratome. Cutting speeds from 3 to 10 sec were assessed. AC pressure of 90±5mmHg established by two methods (inflation with a syringe followed by clamping of the pipe, or using a passive high up infusion system without clamping) was continuously monitored and recorded. Central corneal thickness was measured before and after each cut with a US pachymeter (SP1000 Tomey). Endothelial viability was determined with the triple Hoechst/Ethidium/Calcein labeling coupled with image analysis of the whole endothelial surface immediately after the cut (IOVS 2011.52:6018)Results during the cut, AC pressure slightly increased (+9%) with the passive infusion system whereas it strongly increased (+137%) with the clamping. Impact of pressure maintenance system and cutting speed on lamellar graft thickness and on endothelial viability will be presentedConclusion automation of the mechanical Moria microkeratome and continuous pressure monitoring may be useful to improve reliability of lamellar grafts preparation and should help standardize the technique
One year stored corneas: is it possible?
Authors: HE Z , CAMPOLMI N , NEFZAOUI C , PISELLI S , PEOC'H M , DUMOLLARD JM , GAIN P , THURET G 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To evaluate the endothelial characteristics after very long term organ culture (OC) of human corneas.Methods Human corneas with initial endothelial cell density (ECD) >2000 cells/mm2 were stored at 31°C in sealed flasks containing 100mL of a commercial medium with 2% foetal calf serum (CorneaMax, Eurobio, France): 6 for 3‐6 months (M), 7 for 6‐12 M and 5 for more than 12 M. The medium was renewed every 2 M. Transparency was quantified by analysis of modulation and contrast transfer functions. On one half of each cornea, ECD and EC morphology were analysed by image analysis (CellP‐Olympus, and SambaCornea‐TribVn) after alizarin red staining and flat mounting. On the other half of the cornea, EC differentiation status (NaK ATPase, ZO‐1, JAM‐1) and proliferative capacity (Ki67, Click‐it EdU) were studied by immunostaining in flat mounted corneas (He, MolVis2011;17:3494 and He, StemCells2012 in press). Epithelial cells and stroma were observed by histology on cross sections stained with Hematein/Eosin/Safran and by transmission electron microscopyResults Corneal transparency and ECD decreased after very long‐term OC, but were partially preserved. ECD was about 1200, 800 and 400 cell/mm2 after respectively 3, 6 and 12 months. Morphology and differentiation of residual EC remained nevertheless almost preserved. The epithelium lost its multilayered organizationConclusion Corneal cells, particularly EC, can survive for a very long time in the rustic environment of OC, suggesting that they are well equipped against environmental stress and cell death. The improvement of storage process and/or storage medium could potentially allow very long term storage without significant attrition of graft quality and therefore provide corneas suitable for graft
Efficacy of gas permeable scleral lenses in refractory severe dry eye syndrome
Authors: DOAN S , ELLUARD M , GABISON E , COCHEREAU I , DELCAMPE A 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose Modern scleral lenses have shown their efficacy in severe ocular surface diseases such as Stevens‐Johnson syndrome. Their geometry allows hydration and protection of the cornea and of the limbus. This study determined the efficacy of modern scleral contact lenses in severe eye dry syndrome.Methods A retrospective single‐center study was conducted in patients with severe refractory dry eye syndrome, who were fitted with SPOT® scleral lenses (LAO, Thonon, France). At inclusion and after 3 months of daily wear, the following parameters were assessed: Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score, NEI Visual Function Questionnaire‐25 composite score (NEI VFQ‐25), best‐corrected visual acuity, slit lamp examination, number of associated drugs and tolerability.Results The files of 10 patients (9 women and 1 man) with a mean age of 58.4 years (40‐80 years), were reviewed. Dry eye was related to Sjögren syndrome (6 patients), ocular cicatricial pemphigoid (3 patients) and graft versus host disease (1 patient). Lens fitting failed in 1 case. Improvement of quality of life scores (OSDI and NEI NFQ‐25) was remarkable in seven patients out of the nine fitted patients. Mean OSDI and NEI VFQ‐25 scores improved from 73.5±16.8 to 35±24.2 (p=0.002) and from 49.0±21.0 to 70.5±18.4 (p=0.045), respectively. Best corrected visual acuity improved by 3.2±4.3 Snellen lines. Mean follow‐up was 12.6±3.8 months. No serious adverse events attributable to the scleral lenses occurred.Conclusion Scleral lenses are a promising therapeutic in patients with severe refractory dry eye syndrome. The results can be spectacular with a dramatic improvement of patients’ quality of life. Difficulties in manipulation represent the main disadvantage.