bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interlingual annotation of parallel text corpora: a new framework for annotation and evaluation
Authors: DORR BONNIE J. , PASSONNEAU REBECCA J. , FARWELL DAVID , GREEN REBECCA , HABASH NIZAR , HELMREICH STEPHEN , HOVY EDUARD , LEVIN LORI , MILLER KEITH J. , MITAMURA TERUKO , RAMBOW OWEN , SIDDHARTHAN ADVAITH 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThis paper focuses on an important step in the creation of a system of meaning representation and the development of semantically annotated parallel corpora, for use in applications such as machine translation, question answering, text summarization, and information retrieval. The work described below constitutes the first effort of any kind to annotate multiple translations of foreign-language texts with interlingual content. Three levels of representation are introduced: deep syntactic dependencies (IL0), intermediate semantic representations (IL1), and a normalized representation that unifies conversives, nonliteral language, and paraphrase (IL2). The resulting annotated, multilingually induced, parallel corpora will be useful as an empirical basis for a wide range of research, including the development and evaluation of interlingual NLP systems and paraphrase-extraction systems as well as a host of other research and development efforts in theoretical and applied linguistics, foreign language pedagogy, translation studies, and other related disciplines.
Editorial – Zomia and beyond
Authors: Michaud Jean 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThis editorial develops two themes. First, it discusses how historical and anthropological approaches can relate to each other, in the field of the highland margins of Asia and beyond. Second, it explores how we might further our understandings of the uplands of Asia by applying different terms such as ‘Haute-Asie’, the ‘Southeast Asian Massif’, the ‘Hindu Kush–Himalayan region’, the ‘Himalayan Massif’, and in particular ‘Zomia’, a neologism gaining popularity with the publication of James C. Scott’s latest book, The art of not being governed: an anarchist history of upland Southeast Asia.1 Through a discussion of the notion of Zomia, I will reconsider certain ‘truths’ regarding highland Asian studies. In the process, I seek to contribute to disembedding minority studies from the national straitjackets that have been imposed by academic research bounded by the historical, ideological, and political limits of the nation-state.
Borderlands and border narratives: a longitudinal study of challenges and opportunities for local traders shaped by the Sino-Vietnamese border
Authors: Turner Sarah 
Published: June 2010

AbstractIn this article I examine the relevance of utilizing a ‘Zomia-like’ approach to interpreting upland livelihoods in the China–Vietnam borderlands, rather than the more commonly employed nation-state lens. I explore the challenges and opportunities presented by the international borderline between the provinces of Yúnnán, southwest China, and Lào Cai, northern Vietnam, for local populations, namely ethnic minorities Kinh (lowland Vietnamese) and Han Chinese. Investigating the creation and solidification of this borderline and border space, I undertake a historical and contemporary analysis of cross-border trade networks. This focuses on two time periods in which global–local linkages have been especially important in directly shaping border negotiations: the French colonial period and the contemporary economic reform era. Present-day border narratives collected in both countries during ethnographic fieldwork with local traders managing important highland commodities shed light on the means by which the borderline and borderland spaces are continuing to shape both prospects and constraints.
Implementing DBT: selecting, training and supervising a team
Authors: Swales Michaela A. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractNICE Clinical Guideline no. 78 recently identified Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT) as an appropriate treatment approach for the effective treatment of suicidal behaviours in the context of borderline personality disorder. Uniquely among the cognitive behavioural therapies DBT is a team-based treatment. This paper focuses on the task of selecting and training a team before considering issues in the training and supervision of therapists learning this approach.
The impact of HLA genotyping on survival following unrelated donor haematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Shaw Bronwen E. , Arguello Rafael , Garcia‐Sepulveda Christian A. , Madrigal J. Alejandro 
Published: June 2010

SummaryOne of the major factors that have contributed to improving the outcomes of Stem Cell Transplantation is progress made in the field of human leucocyte antigen(s) (HLA). This is evident not only in developing techniques for rapid and accurate tissue typing, but also in the greatly improved understanding of the HLA system and the impact of HLA matching on transplant complications. It is now accepted that high‐resolution HLA matching for transplant recipients and unrelated donors is associated with the best clinical outcomes. The most important HLA determinants are the six ‘classical’ polymorphic HLA loci: HLA‐A, ‐B, ‐C, ‐DRB1,‐DQB1, ‐DPB1. For several years, based on the outcome of numerous studies, a 10/10 matched donor (HLA‐A, ‐B, ‐C, ‐DRB1, ‐DQB1) was considered the ideal. The impact of HLA‐DPB1 has been less clear, in view of reduced likelihood of patient/donor matching for this locus. More recently, several large studies have questioned the importance of HLA‐DQB1 matching on outcome. Based on the findings of recent studies, the current gold standard unrelated donor is believed to be one matched for 8/8 alleles at high resolution i.e. matched for HLA‐A, ‐B, ‐C, ‐DRB1, however, in certain circumstances, mismatches may be tolerated and/or permissive.
Assessment of liver stiffness in subjects affected by familial combined hyperlipidaemia with hepatic steatosis
Authors: Riggio Stefania , Mamone Federica , Mandraffino Giuseppe , Maimone Sergio , Alibrandi Angela , Manti Lauretta , Saitta Carlo , Tripodi Pier Francesco , Sardo Maria Adriana , Squadrito Giovanni , Saitta Antonino 
Published: June 2010

Eur J Clin Invest 2010; 40 (8): 722–728AbstractBackground  Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents a spectrum of diseases ranging from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and is associated with familial combined hyperlipidaemia (FCHL). Currently, the invasive liver biopsy is considered as the gold standard for evaluating liver fibrosis (LF); however, liver stiffness measurement (LSM) by transient elastography (TE) trough FibroScan device may be employed to estimate LF noninvasively. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of NAFLD in FCHL subjects and to analyse LSM with TE to better identify those individuals with a potential risk of liver disease progression.Materials and methods  Sixty subjects with FCHL (38 men, 22 women, mean age 46·4 ± 10·9 years) were included in the study. We studied biochemical parameters including lipid profile, glucose, transaminase and insulin; blood pressure and waist circumference (WC) were measured; BMI and HOMA‐index were calculated. Ultrasonography was performed to assess liver steatosis and carotid intima‐media thickness (IMT). Liver fibrosis was measured by FibroScan.Results  Patients were classified according to have no (group 0: 19%), mild (group 1: 32%) or moderate–severe (group 2: 49%) steatosis. No difference was found between group 0 and 1 concerning all study parameters. WC (P < 0·05), BMI (P < 0·05), glucose (P < 0·05), insulin (P < 0·001), HOMA‐index (P < 0·001) and LSM (6·03 ± 1·9 Kpa vs. 4·2 ± 0·5 Kpa, P < 0·001) were significantly higher in group 2 than groups 1 and 0. Furthermore, LSM correlated with insulin (P < 0·05), glucose (P < 0·05), HOMA‐index (P < 0·001), transaminase (P < 0·01) and liver steatosis (P < 0·001). Regression analysis showed that LSM (P < 0·001) and NAFLD (P < 0·01) is associated with HOMA‐index; NAFLD is also associated with WC (P < 0·05).Conclusion  Our results suggest that in FCHL subjects, HOMA‐index, an insulin resistance index, is strongly associated with liver steatosis and its progression. Furthermore, in these subjects, we propose the transient elastography to identify and follow up patients for the progression of hepatic disease.
White clover selected for enhanced competitive ability widens the compatibility with grasses and favours the optimization of legume content and forage yield in mown clover‐grass mixtures
Authors: Annicchiarico P. , Proietti S. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractWhite clover‐grass mixtures should provide swards with a high dry matter (DM) yield with a clover proportion of at least 0·30. This study assessed the compatibility of one white clover variety selected for competitive ability (Giga) and four other large‐leaved clover varieties (Aran, Espanso, Fantastico and Regal) in mown binary mixtures with each of four grass companions (cocksfoot cv. Padania, hybrid ryegrass cv. AberExcel, Italian ryegrass cv. Crema, and tall fescue cv. Magno) over 3 years in northern Italy. On average, the mixtures including Giga had at least a two‐fold greater clover proportion in the total harvested DM (P < 0·01) and contained fewer weeds (P < 0·10) than those with other clover varieties, and also tended to have the highest total DM yields. On average, mixtures containing AberExcel had clover proportions of >0·25 but gave the lowest total DM yields, whereas those of Magno maximized total DM and had a higher proportion of clover than Padania or Crema. No clover × grass interaction was detected (P > 0·05). The association with Giga allowed the tall fescue‐based mixture to attain a clover proportion 0·331 along with a top‐yielding total DM. This mixture, compared with the only one without Giga that displayed a near‐sufficient clover proportion (Espanso with AberExcel), exhibited a 21·7% higher total DM (P < 0·05) and had far fewer weeds.
Topical 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3 subverts the priming ability of draining lymph node dendritic cells
Authors: Gorman Shelley , Judge Melinda A. , Hart Prue H. 
Published: June 2010

SummaryThe active form of vitamin D, 1,25‐hydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] is produced in skin following exposure to sunlight. It is also used topically to control inflammatory skin diseases by stimulating keratinocyte differentiation and suppressing immune responses. Administration of 1,25(OH)2D3 to the skin of mice increases the capacity of CD4+ CD25+ (Foxp3+) regulatory T cells residing in the skin‐draining lymph nodes (SDLN) to suppress immune responses. We hypothesized that dendritic cells (DC) may migrate from the skin to the lymph nodes to regulate T‐cell function. Increased proportions of skin‐derived DC (CD11c+ ClassII+ DEC‐205hi CD8lo) cells were detected in the SDLN 18 hr after topical 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment of mouse skin. The capacity of DC from the SDLN to take up, process and present antigen to co‐cultured T cells was not modified following topical 1,25(OH)2D3. However, CD11c+ cells from the SDLN of 1,25(OH)2D3‐treated mice induced a significantly smaller ear‐swelling response in a T helper type 1/17‐mediated model of contact hypersensitivity. CD4+ CD25+ cells isolated from the ear‐draining lymph nodes (EDLN) of mice that received ear injections of CD11c+ cells from donor mice topically treated with 1,25(OH)2D3 more potently suppressed effector cell proliferation. In addition, EDLN cells from recipients of CD11c+ cells from 1,25(OH)2D3‐treated mice produced increased interleukin‐4 levels. The CD11c+ cells from the SDLN of mice treated with topical 1,25(OH)2D3 expressed increased levels of indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase messenger RNA, a molecule by which topical 1,25(OH)2D3 may enhance the ability of DC to control the suppressive function of CD4+ CD25+ cells.
rSj16, a recombinant protein of Schistosoma japonicum‐derived molecule, reduces severity of the complete Freund’s adjuvant‐induced adjuvant arthritis in rats’ model
Authors: SUN X. , LIU Y. H. , LV Z. Y. , YANG L. L. , HU S. M. , ZHENG H. Q. , HU W. , CAO J. P. , FUNG M. Q. , WU Z. D. 
Published: June 2010

SummarySj16, a 16‐kDa protein produced by Schistosoma japonicum, has been demonstrated to have anti‐inflammatory effect. However, the possible mechanism of these phenomena has not been discovered. Here, we tried to touch it with arthritis rats’ model induced by injection of complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA). A set of pathogenic characters were observed in CFA‐treated rat, including local and systematic read‐out, which showed the model successfully set up. After administration of rSj16 (recombinant Sj16) in vivo, paw swelling reduced significantly and in a dose‐dependent manner, the level of TNF‐α, IL‐1β and NO decreased and IL‐10 in the serum increased. In vitro, rSj16 reversed the augmented surface expression of CD80, CD86, CD54 and OX6 induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in bone marrow–derived DCs (BMDCs), whereas endocytotic capacity of rSj16‐treated dendritic cell (DC) was profoundly increased. IL‐12p70 released from rSj16‐treated BMDC was decreased but IL‐10 increased. Further, following incubation with rSj16 primed BMDCs, the sensitized T cells exhibited increased production of anti‐inflammatory IL‐10 and IL‐4 and decreased production of IL‐12p70 and IFN‐γ. Collectively, these results implied that rSj16 alleviated CFA‐induced arthritis, and the possible mechanisms may be its interruption of maturation and function of DCs. rSj16 could be a potential therapeutic agent against rheumatoid arthritis.
Evaluation of the vascular anatomy in potential living kidney donors with gadolinium‐enhanced magnetic resonance angiography: comparison with digital subtraction angiography and intraoperative findings
Authors: Asgari Majid A. , Dadkhah Farid , Ghadian Ali R. , Razzaghi Mohammad R. , Noorbala Mohammad H. , Amini Erfan 
Published: June 2010

Asgari MA, Dadkhah F, Ghadian AR, Razzaghi MR, Noorbala MH, Amini E. Evaluation of the vascular anatomy in potential living kidney donors with gadolinium‐enhanced magnetic resonance angiography: comparison with digital subtraction angiography and intraoperative findings. Clin Transplant 2011: 25: 481–485. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  Background:  X‐ray contrast arteriography has traditionally been used for pre‐operative evaluation in living kidney donors. However, magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) offers a non‐invasive alternative, which has been considered to be less accurate. This study was performed to determine whether MRA in the pre‐operative investigation of living kidney donors provides sufficient information.Methods:  From December 2005 to December 2007, 173 potential live donors were evaluated in this study. Donors performed digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and those with one or more accessory arteries at least on one side recruited for further evaluation with three‐dimensional gadolinium‐enhanced MRA.Results:  A total of 30 donors constituted the study population. When compared with DSA as the reference method, MRA detected 20 of 36 renal accessory arteries which indicates a sensitivity of 55.6%. The difference between MRA and DSA in identifying accessory renal arteries was significant (p‐value <0.001). Considering intraoperative findings as the standard of reference, MRA depicted correctly four of six (66.7%) accessory arteries on the transplanted kidneys.Conclusions:  MRA has the advantage of avoiding exposure to ionizing radiation and is non‐invasive. These are important considerations in pre‐operative evaluation of a generally healthy donor population. However, MRA provides suboptimal accuracy in detecting small accessory arteries.
Passive smoking alters circulating naïve/memory lymphocyte T‐cell subpopulations in children
Authors: Vardavas Constantine I. , Plada Maria , Tzatzarakis Manolis , Marcos Ascension , Warnberg Julia , Gomez‐Martinez Sonia , Breidenassel Christina , Gonzalez‐Gross Marcela , Tsatsakis Aristeidis M. , Saris Wim H. , Moreno Luis A. , Kafatos Anthony G. ,   on behalf of the HELENA Heraklion Study Group
Published: June 2010

Vardavas CI, Plada M, Tzatzarakis M, Marcos A, Warnberg J, Gomez‐Martinez S, Breidenassel C, Gonzalez‐Gross M, Tsatsakis AM, Saris WH., Moreno LA, Kafatos AG. Passive smoking alters circulating naïve/memory lymphocyte T‐cell subpopulations in children. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2010: 21: 1171–1178. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/SWhile it has been indicated that exposure to second‐hand smoke (SHS) can cause a local in vivo response, limited evidence exists on its possible systemic effects from population‐based levels of exposure. We investigated into a possible systemic response in the immune parameters and lymphocyte subsets, i.e. B cell (CD19+), T cell (CD4+CD45RO+, CD4+CD45RA+, CD3+CD45RO+, CD3+CD45RA+) and natural killer (CD3+CD16CD56+) lymphocyte subsets relative to exposure to SHS. Blood was drawn from healthy, verified non‐smoker, adolescent subjects (n = 68, mean age 14.2) and analysed for cotinine, antioxidants and lymphocyte immunophenotyping. SHS exposure was assessed using serum cotinine. Biomarker quantified exposure to SHS was correlated with a linear dose–response reduction in the percentages of memory CD4+CD45RO+ (p = 0.005) and CD3+CD45RO+ T‐cell subsets (p = 0.005 and p = 0.003, respectively) and a linear increase in the percentage of naïve CD4+CD45RA+ and CD3+CD45RA+ T‐cell subsets (p = 0.006 and p = 0.003, respectively). Additionally, higher exposure to SHS was associated with a higher CD4+CD45RA+ count (532 vs. 409 cells/ml, p = 0.017). Moreover, after controlling for age, gender, body mass index and plasma antioxidants, SHS exposure was found to be associated with the percentage of circulating naïve and memory CD4+ and CD3+ T‐cell subpopulations, as revealed through a linear regression analysis. These findings indicate a systemic immunological response in healthy adolescents exposed to population‐based levels of SHS exposure and imply an additional biological pathway for the interaction between exposure to SHS and its adverse effects on human health.
Electron microscopic study of intercellular space: Correlation analysis of bronchial asthma and gastroesophageal reflux disease
Authors: Park Sanghoon , Lee Eun Joo , Chun Hoon Jai , Keum Bora , Seo Yeon Seok , Kim Yong Sik , Jeen Yoon‐Tae , Lee Hong Sik , Um Soon Ho , Kim Chang Duck , Ryu Ho Sang , In Kwang Ho , Uhm Chang‐Sub , Lee Sung Joon 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBackground and Aims:  Bronchial asthma (BA) is considered an extra‐esophageal syndrome of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) with poor pathophysiological background. We analyzed the correlation between GERD and BA, examining esophageal epithelium with transmission electron microscopy (TEM), along with clinical findings.Methods:  BA patients of controlled and partly‐controlled levels were enrolled in the study. A pulmonary and gastrointestinal (GI) questionnaire was given. Patients with no symptoms joined the control group. Esophageal mucosal tissue was taken by esophagogastroduodenoscopy from both groups and processed for TEM. Intercellular space (IS) was measured with an image analyzing program, 100 times for each patient.Results:  The control (n = 20) and BA (n = 20) groups revealed no significant differences in baseline characteristics. All BA patients were using corticosteroid inhalers, with seven patients having a recent history of acute exacerbation. Patients with at least one GI symptom made up 70% (14/20) of the BA group, and heartburn and/or regurgitation were detected in 40% of patients. Endoscopic findings of GERD were mucosal breaks (n = 3). The IS of the control group was 0.389 ± 0.297 um, while the BA group was 0.806 ± 0.556 um (P = 0.001). The presence of GERD symptoms (P = 0.306) and a history of recent asthma attacks (P = 0.710) did not show significant differences.Conclusions:  The BA group showed a significant difference in the dilatation of IS compared to the control group, suggesting a higher prevalence of GERD in BA patients and a close pathophysiological correlation.
Causes and consequences of variation in plant population growth rate: a synthesis of matrix population models in a phylogenetic context
Authors: Buckley Yvonne M. , Ramula Satu , Blomberg Simon P. , Burns Jean H. , Crone Elizabeth E. , Ehrlén Johan , Knight Tiffany M. , Pichancourt Jean‐Baptiste , Quested Helen , Wardle Glenda M. 
Published: June 2010

Ecology Letters (2010) 13: 1182–1197AbstractExplaining variation in population growth rates is fundamental to predicting population dynamics and population responses to environmental change. In this study, we used matrix population models, which link birth, growth and survival to population growth rate, to examine how and why population growth rates vary within and among 50 terrestrial plant species. Population growth rates were more similar within species than among species; with phylogeny having a minimal influence on among‐species variation. Most population growth rates decreased over the observation period and were negatively autocorrelated between years; that is, higher than average population growth rates tended to be followed by lower than average population growth rates. Population growth rates varied more through time than space; this temporal variation was due mostly to variation in post‐seedling survival and for a subset of species was partly explained by response to environmental factors, such as fire and herbivory. Stochastic population growth rates departed from mean matrix population growth rate for temporally autocorrelated environments. Our findings indicate that demographic data and models of closely related plant species cannot necessarily be used to make recommendations for conservation or control, and that post‐seedling survival and the sequence of environmental conditions are critical for determining plant population growth rate.
Banking Competition and Capital Ratios
Authors: Schaeck Klaus , Cihák Martin 
Published: June 2010

AbstractEmpirical studies provide evidence that bank capital ratios exceed regulatory requirements. But why do banks maintain capital levels above regulatory requirements? We use data for more than 2,600 banks from 10 European countries to test recent theories suggesting that competition incentivises banks to maintain higher capital ratios. These theories also predict that banks that engage in arm's length lending have lower capital ratios, and that shareholder rights and deposit insurance characteristics affect capital ratios. Consistent with these theories, our evidence robustly indicates that competition increases capital holdings. Banks that lend at arm's length exhibit lower capital ratios, whereas banks in countries with strong shareholder rights operate with higher capital ratios. We also show some evidence that generous deposit protection schemes that exclude non‐deposit creditors are associated with higher capital ratios. Our results have important policy implications. First, while the traditional view suggests imposing restrictions on bank activities in order to restrain competition, our analysis indicates the opposite, even after adjusting the regressions for risk‐taking. Second, weak shareholder rights undermine market forces that would otherwise encourage banks to hold higher capital ratios.