bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sociodemographic Factors and Denture Satisfaction
Authors: Tripathi Arvind , Singh Balendra Pratap , Pradhan Kedar Nath , Tua Reema 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT

Objective
Evaluation of the quality of satisfaction toward denture treatment.

Background
Various articles suggested denture satisfaction in view of dentist but data on the patient satisfaction to denture treatment on the basis of clinical variables were contradictory. This showed that other factors like sociodemographic variables may affect patient satisfaction.

Materials and methods
A total of 100 subjects (filling inclusion criteria) who were using denture for at least 2 months were used as the sample size of this study (n = 100) and were divided into five groups on the basis of sociodemographic variables. Questionnaires consisting of 38 questions (positive and negative attitude toward denture satisfaction) related to patients’ perception of clinical outcome in different domains were scored by the subjects. Questions reflecting positive attitude were scored as 2, 1 or 0 (yes, uncertain and no respectively) and reversely for the negative questions. Statistical tests include Student t-test and p-value (for level of significance) (p < 0.05).

Results
There was a significant difference in denture satisfaction related to comfort, health and denture care between age subgroups (45-65 years and above 65 years); the level of satisfaction was not significantly different between genders.

Conclusion
Patients' sociodemographic variables were influential factors on denture satisfaction.
Aging Trends and Impact on Dental Practice
Authors: Catic Amir , Catovic Adnan , Komar Dragutin 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT
Aging is a process that takes place in every living individual. Every 10th person of the world population is 60 years old or above. Chronic diseases, low income and social status of the elderly, together with physiological changes caused by aging, affect the condition of the stomatognathic system. In the present article many studies are demonstrated considering tooth loss, state of the stomatognathic system and dental appliances as well as different organ changes in elderly through the years in different countries. The team approach of medical and dental experts in treating elderly patients is emphasized as well as different dental treatment options depending on general health factors.
Posterior Palatal Seal: A Literature Review
Authors: Bindhoo YA , Thirumurthy VR , Jacob Sunil Joseph , Anjanakurien FNU , Limson KS 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT
Complete dentures may suffer from a lack of proper border extension, but most important of all is the posterior palatal extension on maxillary complete dentures. The posterior border terminates on a surface that is movable in varying degrees and not at a turn of tissue as are the other denture borders. Locating and designing of posterior palatal seal after thorough understanding of the anatomic and physiological boundaries of this dynamic region greatly enhances border seal and increases maxillary complete denture retention.
The diagnostic evaluation and placement of posterior seal are often given only minor attention in complete denture construction. This article reviews the importance of the posterior palatal seal with regard to its anatomy, location, design and placement.
A Simplified Technique for Constructing One Piece Hollow Obturator after Partial Maxillectomy
Authors: Singh Bijay Kunwar 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT
Preservation of remaining structures is a primary goal of prosthetic rehabilitation. Continuously applied stresses on the remaining tissues from a large, heavy obturator jeopardize the health of the tissues, compromise the function of the prosthesis and affect patient comfort. Various techniques have been described for hollowing the bulb of an obturator after processing to reduce its weight; however, access to the inner aspects of the bulb is limited, preventing adequate control of thickness of the walls. This article presents a case report of a partially edentulous patient after partial hemimaxillectomy successfully rehabilitated with closed hollow bulb obturator prosthesis. The weight of the obturator has always been a hurdle in the rehabilitation of acquired palatal defects. A simple procedure for the fabrication of one piece hollow bulb obturator has been described in this article.
Effect of Three Different Core Materials on the Fracture Resistance of Endodontically Treated Deciduous Mandibular Second Molars: An in vitro Study
Authors: Gugwad Sachin C , Lodaya Rahul , Bhat Chetan , Shah Preetam 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT
Endodontic treatment makes the tooth brittle due to loss of bulk of tooth structure, decrease in the moisture content of dentin and dentin elasticity. The following study was carried out to evaluate the effect of endodontic treatment on the fracture resistance of the tooth and reinforcing ability of three different core materials.
The following study comprised of sample size of 30 deciduous second molars divided into control group (6) and test group (24). Access opening was done in 24 and 18th teeth with access opening were restored with three different core materials namely IRM (6), silver amalgam (6), GIC (6). All the 30 were subjected to fracture test using UTM (Universal testing machine)- Instron 95. Result showed a drastic reduction in the fracture resistance of the tooth on access opening (1/3rd) and out of the three core materials glass ionomer was shown to be the best core material giving the highest fracture registrance followed by silver amalgam and IRM.

How to cite this article
Shah P, Gugwad SC, Bhat C, Lodaya R. Effect of Three Different Core Materials on the Fracture Resistance of Endodontically Treated Deciduous Mandibular Second Molars: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(1):66-70.
An Assessment of Skeletal Craniofacial Asymmetry in South Indian Population
Authors: Kumar G Anil , Farishta Saibel , Baiju G , Taneja VK , Minocha RC , Gopal Dinesh 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT
The present study was undertaken to assess the skeletal craniofacial asymmetry in South Indian population by a posteroanterior cephalometric radiographic method. The skeletal craniofacial structures on one side of the face were compared with that of the other, by drawing various triangles representing different craniofacial regions.
The sample consisted of 60 subjects (30 males and 30 females) aged between 18 to 25 years, who were mainly dental college students from South India. Overall 52 X-rays were obtained, with four errors each in the male and the female groups.
The results revealed that the total facial structures in the South Indian population were larger on the left side (statistically insignificant). The cranial base area exhibited a greater degree of asymmetry than any other component area of the face, which might be due to the inaccuracy at the condylar point.

How to cite this article
Taneja VK, Kumar GA, Farishta S, Minocha RC, Baiju G, Gopal D. An Assessment of Skeletal Craniofacial Asymmetry in South Indian Population. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(1):80-84.
Validity for an Integrated Laboratory Analogue of Sexual Aggression and Bystander Intervention
Authors: Parrott Dominic J. , Tharp Andra Teten , Swartout Kevin M. , Miller Cameron A. , Hall Gordon C. Nagayama , George William H. 
Published: May 2012

This study sought to develop and validate an integrated laboratory paradigm of sexual aggression and bystander intervention. Participants were a diverse community sample (54% African American) of heterosexual males (N = 156) between 21 and 35 years of age who were recruited to complete the study with a male friend and an ostensibly single, heterosexual female who reported a strong dislike of sexual content in the media. Participants viewed a sexually explicit or nonsexually explicit film clip as part of contrived media rating task and made individual choices of which film clip to show the female confederate. Immediately thereafter, participants were required to reach consensus on a group decision of which film clip to show the female confederate. Subjecting a target to an unwanted experience with a sexual connotation was operationalized as selection of the sexually explicit video, whereas successful bystander intervention was operationalized as the event of one partner individually selecting the sexually explicit video but then selecting the nonsexually explicit video for the group choice. Results demonstrated that a 1‐year history of sexual aggression and endorsement of pertinent misogynistic attitudes significantly predicted selection of the sexually‐explicit video. In addition, bystander efficacy significantly predicted men's successful prevention of their male peer's intent to show the female confederate a sexually explicit video. Discussion focused on how these data inform future research and bystander intervention programming for sexual aggression. Aggr. Behav. 38:309–321, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Anxiety and depression among US adults with arthritis: Prevalence and correlates
Authors: Murphy Louise B. , Sacks Jeffrey J. , Brady Teresa J. , Hootman Jennifer M. , Chapman Daniel P. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractObjectiveThere has been limited characterization of the burden of anxiety and depression, especially the former, among US adults with arthritis in the general population. The study objective was to estimate the prevalence and correlates of anxiety and depression among US adults with doctor‐diagnosed arthritis.MethodsThe study sample comprised US adults ages ≥45 years with doctor‐diagnosed arthritis (n = 1,793) from the Arthritis Conditions Health Effects Survey (a cross‐sectional, population‐based, random‐digit–dialed telephone interview survey). Anxiety and depression were measured using separate and validated subscales of the Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales. Prevalence was estimated for the sample overall and stratified by subgroups. Associations between correlates and each condition were estimated with prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals using logistic regression models.ResultsAnxiety was more common than depression (31% and 18%, respectively); overall, one‐third of respondents reported at least 1 of the 2 conditions. Most (84%) of those with depression also had anxiety. Multivariable logistic regression modeling failed to identify a distinct profile of characteristics of those with anxiety and/or depression. Only half of the respondents with anxiety and/or depression had sought help for their mental health condition in the past year.ConclusionDespite the clinical focus on depression among people with arthritis, anxiety was almost twice as common as depression. Given their high prevalence, their profound impact on quality of life, and the range of effective treatments available, we encourage health care providers to screen all people with arthritis for both anxiety and depression.
Cardiovascular disease and cognitive dysfunction in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Murray Sara G. , Yazdany Jinoos , Kaiser Rachel , Criswell Lindsey A. , Trupin Laura , Yelin Edward H. , Katz Patricia P. , Julian Laura J. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractObjectiveCognitive dysfunction and cardiovascular disease are common and debilitating manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In this study, we evaluated the relationship between cardiovascular events, traditional cardiovascular risk factors, and SLE‐specific risk factors as predictors of cognitive dysfunction in a large cohort of participants with SLE.MethodsSubjects included 694 participants from the Lupus Outcomes Study (LOS), a longitudinal study of SLE outcomes based on an annual telephone survey querying demographic and clinical variables. The Hopkins Verbal Learning Test‐Revised and the Controlled Oral Word Association Test were administered to assess cognitive function. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify cardiovascular events (myocardial infarction, stroke), traditional cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, obesity, smoking), and SLE‐specific risk factors (antiphospholipid antibodies [aPL], disease activity, disease duration) associated with cognitive impairment in year 7 of the LOS.ResultsThe prevalence of cognitive impairment as measured by verbal memory and verbal fluency metrics was 15%. In adjusted multiple logistic regression analyses, aPL (odds ratio [OR] 2.10, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.3–3.41), hypertension (OR 2.06, 95% CI 1.19–3.56), and a history of stroke (OR 2.27, 95% CI 1.16–4.43) were significantly associated with cognitive dysfunction. In additional analyses evaluating the association between these predictors and severity of cognitive impairment, stroke was significantly more prevalent in participants with severe impairment when compared to those with mild or moderate impairment (P = 0.036).ConclusionThese results suggest that the presence of aPL, hypertension, and stroke are key variables associated with cognitive impairment, which may aid in identification of patients at greatest risk.
Cellular Ceramics Produced by Replication: A Digital Approach
Authors: D'Angelo Claudio , Ortona Alberto 
Published: May 2012

AbstractCeramic foams are applied at high temperatures in harsh environments because of their unique properties. Most of them are produced by the replication method, a process which consists in depositing a layer of ceramic material on a template foam. Layer thickness has a great influence on final foam properties. We present in this work a digital replication approach to generate foam numerical models. This approach allows to simulate under different loads a large amount of cases, avoiding long and expensive experimental campaigns. As an example, we studied the influence of strut thickness on foam's elastic behavior. Moreover we were also able to quantify the edge effect in a finite foam under compression.
Critical Thickness Theory Applied to Micromechanical Testing
Authors: Dunstan D. J. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractCritical thickness theory for the plastic deformation of small stressed volumes is reviewed, with particular emphasis on its application to the size effect in common micromechanical testing methods, foil flexure, wire torsion, and compression and tension of micropillars and wires. Key predictions which distinguish the theory from others are that plasticity initiates throughout a finite volume when a strain‐thickness product or strain‐volume integral exceeds a critical value related to the Burgers vector; that misfit or geometrically necessary dislocations will generally be found outside this volume; and that the intrinsic or bulk strength of the material is not changed by the size effect. Experiments designed to test these predictions are briefly described.
In Situ Electrochemical Electron Microscopy Study of Oxygen Evolution Activity of Doped Manganite Perovskites
Authors: Raabe Stephanie , Mierwaldt Daniel , Ciston Jim , Uijttewaal Matthé , Stein Helge , Hoffmann Jörg , Zhu Yimei , Blöchl Peter , Jooss Christian 
Published: May 2012

AbstractFundamental studies of catalysts based on manganese oxide compounds are of high interest since they offer the opportunity to study the role of variable valence state in the active state during O2 evolution from H2O. This paper presents a study of doping dependent O2 evolution electrocatalysis of Pr‐doped CaMnO3 via in situ environmental transmission electron microscopy (ETEM) combined with ex situ cyclic voltammetry studies. ETEM studies of heterogeneous catalysis are a challenge, since the reactions in the H2O vapor phase cannot directly be observed. It is shown that the oxidation of silane by free oxygen to solid SiO2‐x can be used to monitor catalytic oxygen evolution. Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) as well as the in situ X‐ray absorption study of near edge structures (XANES) in H2O vapor reveals that the Mn valence is decreased in the active state. Careful TEM analysis of samples measured by ex situ cyclic voltammetry and an in situ bias‐controlled ETEM study allows us to distinguish between self‐formation during oxygen evolution and corrosion at the Pr1‐xCaxMnO3‐H2O interface. Including density functional theory (DFT) calculations, trends in O2 evolution activity and defect chemistry in the active state can be correclated to doping induced changes of the electronic band structure in A‐site doped manganites.
Band Structure Engineering at Heterojunction Interfaces via the Piezotronic Effect
Authors: Shi Jian , Starr Matthew B. , Wang Xudong 
Published: May 2012

AbstractEngineering the electronic band structure using the piezopotential is an important aspect of piezotronics, which describes the coupling between the piezoelectric property and semiconducting behavior and functionalities. The time‐independent band structure change under short‐circuit condition is believed to be due to the remnant piezopotential present at the interface, a result of the finite charge‐screening depth at the interface. A series of materials, including metals, semiconductors and electrolytes, are selected to investigate the interfacial band structure engineered by remnant piezopotential when they are in contact with a strained piezoelectric semiconductor. The remnant piezopotential at the interface can switch the junction between Ohmic and Schottky characters, enhance charge combination/separation, regulate barrier height, and modulate reaction kinetics. The difference between the regular time‐dependent, pulse‐type piezopotential and constant remnant piezopotential is also discussed in detail using a ZnO‐based photoelectrochemical anode as an example. The piezotronic effect offers a new pathway for engineering the interface band structure without altering the interface structure or chemical composition, which is promising for improving the performance of many electronics, optoelectronics, and photovoltaic devices.
Silk Materials – A Road to Sustainable High Technology
Authors: Tao Hu , Kaplan David L. , Omenetto Fiorenzo G. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThis review addresses the use of silk protein as a sustainable material in optics and photonics, electronics and optoelectronic applications. These options represent additional developments for this technology platform that compound the broad utility and impact of this material for medical needs that have been recently described in the literature. The favorable properties of the material certainly make a favorable case for the use of silk, yet serve as a broad inspiration to further develop biological foundries for both the synthesis and processing of Nature's materials for technological applications.
Adsorption of Vanillin by an Anisole‐Modified Hyper‐Cross‐Linked Polystyrene Resin from Aqueous Solution: Equilibrium, Kinetics, and Dynamics
Authors: Jin Xiaoying , Huang Jianhan 
Published: May 2012

AbstractA type of anisole‐modified hyper‐cross‐linked polystyrene (PS) resin, named HJ‐J00, HJ‐J04, HJ‐J08, HJ‐J10, and HJ‐J12, was synthesized, characterized, and evaluated for adsorption of vanillin from aqueous solution in this study. These resins were prepared from macroporous chloromethylated PS by adding different quantities of anisole in the Friedel–Crafts reaction; they had different adsorption selectivity toward β‐naphthol and vanillin from aqueous solution, and HJ‐J08 held the largest adsorption capacity toward vanillin. The isotherms of vanillin on HJ‐J08 were measured and fitted by the Freundlich equation, and isosteric adsorption enthalpies were calculated according to the Clausius–Clapeyron equation. The second‐order rate equation was shown to be suitable for fitting the kinetic data, and the intraparticle diffusion was the rate‐controlling step in the first stage. The breakthrough point of HJ‐J08 toward vanillin was 75 BV (bed volume; 1 BV = 10 mL) with the initial concentration of 1000 mg/L, and a flow rate of 6 BV/h, exhibiting an excellent adsorption property toward vanillin. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Techn 32: E221–E230, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/adv.21268
Differences in Titi Monkey (Callicebus cupreus) Social Bonds Affect Arousal, Affiliation, and Response to Reward
Authors: RAGEN BENJAMIN J. , MENDOZA SALLY P. , MASON WILLIAM A. , BALES KAREN L. 
Published: May 2012

Titi monkeys (Callicebus cupreus) are a monogamous, New World primate. Adult pair‐mates form a bidirectional social bond and offspring form a selective unidirectional bond to their father. Some of the neurobiology involved in social bonds and maternal behavior is similar to the neural circuitry involved in nonsocial reward. Due to these overlapping mechanisms, social states may affect responses to external rewarding stimuli. We sought to determine whether having a social attachment, and/or being in the presence of that attachment figure, can affect an individual's response to a rewarding stimulus. In addition, we compared affiliative bonds between pair‐mates to those between offspring and fathers. Eighteen adult male titi monkeys were either living alone (Lone), with a female pair‐mate (Paired), or with the natal group (Natal; N = 6/condition). Each individual went through eight 30‐min preference tests for a sweet substance, Tang. For Paired and Natal males, half of the test sessions were with their attachment figure and half were alone. Lone males were always tested alone. Preference scores for Tang, time spent drinking, affiliative, and arousal behaviors were measured. Paired and Natal males emitted significantly more isolation peeps and locomoted more when tested alone compared to when tested with their attachment figure, and paired males engaged in more affiliative behavior than Natal males. Lone males engaged in significantly more behaviors indicative of behavioral arousal such as locomotion and piloerection compared to Paired and Natal males. Finally, Paired males drank significantly more Tang and had a significantly greater preference for Tang compared to Lone and Natal males. These results indicate that offspring undergo a behavioral separation response upon separation from their father that persists into adulthood, Lone males are more behaviorally reactive, and that living with an attachment figure and the type of attachment relationship result in different responses to a rewarding sweet stimulus. Am. J. Primatol. 74:758‐769, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.