bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advances in Limnogeology: The lake‐basin‐type model revisited 25 years after…anomalies, conundrums and upgrades
Authors: Benavente Cecilia A. , Bohacs Kevin M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe lake‐basin‐type model classified the stratigraphic record of ancient lake systems according to rates of potential accommodation relative to sediment + water supply. The model convolved all modes and paths of water supply (direct fall, surficial, subsurface) with amounts and types of sediment supply (clastic, biogenic, chemical) into a single basin‐filling volume term (sediment + water); its major strength was its widespread applicability. This was supported by subsequent investigations confirming the utility of this approach, but it also revealed some important limitations due to simplifications in the original model. The model has been expanded here to address all inland waters (lakes, ponds, wetlands, playas) as well as adding two major subdivisions of the sediment + water term: (1) water supply paths and (2) the volume of water supply relative to sediment supply. Water supply flow paths in the subsurface are subdivided into ‘throughflow’, ‘recharge’ and ‘discharge’. Each of these groundwater hydrology states can be defined quite precisely by the ratio of net outflow to inflow, from persistently open to consistently closed. These paths can be deciphered using stable carbonate and oxygen isotope composition of primary lacustrine limestones, detailed sedimentology, stratigraphy, palaeontology and mineralogy. Distinguishing water supply paths provides additional insights into playa systems and the occurrence and character of evaporites and carbonates. The volume ratio of water to sediment supply most directly influences the water depths of lakes, ponds and wetlands, which affect water body hydrodynamics and ecosystem behaviour as well as the details of stratal stacking and depositional sequences. It helps fine‐tune estimates of the distribution of sediment texture, bedding, composition and organic matter content. The aim of this contribution is to address questions about the fundamental types of inland water bodies and to explain the new lake‐basin subtypes and provide examples that illustrate their potential to enable higher‐resolution, robust analysis of inland water systems and their stratigraphic records.
Liquid surface depression and bubble generation by acoustic radiation
Authors: Fang Zilong , Wan Kai‐Tak , Taslim Mohammad E. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLiquid surfaces can be depressed by applying acoustic radiation force. The balance between the acoustic radiation force, surface tension force, and buoyant force sustains the stable dimple depression. Beyond a certain threshold, higher acoustic radiation force leads to instability and bubble formation. The bubble size is determined by the acoustic radiation force and the liquid surface tension. Effective management of bubble generation can be achieved by controlling acoustic radiation waves. A novel method for creating depression on liquid surfaces and generating bubbles is described, which requires neither gas supply nor direct contact with equipment.
Clinical Service Incorporating Mobile Technology on Weight Loss in Patients With Metabolic Dysfunction–Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: A Translation From Research Trial
Authors: Ang Siew Min , Lim Su Lin , Dan Yock Young , Chan Yiong Huak , Yap Qai Ven , Chen Juliana 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe prevalence and healthcare cost of metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has increased alongside the epidemic surge in obesity and Type 2 diabetes. Weight loss through lifestyle modification remains the primary effective therapy for MASLD. Incorporation of mobile technology in lifestyle interventions has been previously found to be efficacious and cost‐effective in facilitating weight loss. However, there is a paucity of studies that have successfully translated lifestyle research into clinical service for weight loss to alleviate disease burden. Our study aimed to describe the process of translating a mobile technology–enabled trial into a tertiary hospital outpatient dietetics service for patients with MASLD.MethodsThe Iowa Model of Evidence‐Based Practice to Improve Quality Care was used as a framework for this paper to guide implementation at the organizational level.ResultsRegular engagement of key operational staff and the hospital management team facilitated open discussions of the challenges faced and enabled rapid implementation of strategies that contributed to the smooth piloting of the service. A service adoption rate of 81% was achieved. Preliminary outcome evaluation found that the percentage of patients achieving ≥ 5% weight loss from baseline at 6 months was comparable at 54% and 52% for the service and trial groups, respectively.ConclusionsEvaluation of the implementation process found that a hybrid model of care (in‐person consultation supplemented with app coaching) preserved interpersonal connections while maximizing the convenience and scalability of mobile app–enabled service. Although high digital acceptance and adoption rates propelled by COVID‐19‐supported telehealth, it is prudent to assess patient's access to technology and digital literacy and offer resources to help them benefit from telehealth services.
Ictal Cotard delusion as a manifestation of nonconvulsive status epilepticus: A case report and commentary
Authors: Crespo Pimentel Bernardo , Kuchukhidze Giorgi , Heyduk Marta , Thomschewski Aljoscha , Trinka Eugen , Höfler Julia 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPsychosis of epileptic origin can present a wide range of cognitive and affective symptoms and is often underrecognized. Usually occurring in the inter‐ and postictal phase, epileptic psychosis is mostly related to temporal lobe epilepsy. Here, we describe the clinical presentation and diagnostic workup including routine EEG recording and brain MRI of a 63‐year‐old woman expressing isolated nihilistic delusions comprising belief of being dead and denial of self‐existence. EEG showed an ictal pattern fulfilling the Salzburg criteria of nonconvulsive status epilepticus and brain MRI revealed extensive peri‐ictal hyperperfusion. Delusional symptoms and EEG abnormalities subsided after acute antiseizure treatment. Our case illustrates how nihilistic delusions can occur as a direct clinical correlate of seizure activity, thereby expanding the spectrum of ictal neuropsychiatric phenomena in temporal lobe epilepsy and highlighting the need to consider an epileptic origin in patients presenting with psychotic symptoms.
MEG3 shuttled by exosomes released from human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells promotes TP53 stability to regulate MCM5 transcription in keloid fibroblasts
Authors: Zhu Feibin , Ye Yuanjian , Shao Ying , Xue Chunli 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundDespite the interest in mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), their potential to treat abnormal scarring, especially keloids, is yet to be described. The present study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of exosomes derived from human bone marrow MSCs (hBMSC‐Exos) in alleviating keloid formation.MethodsExosomes were isolated from hBMSC, and keloid fibroblasts (KFs) were treated with hBMSC‐Exos. Cell counting kit‐8, wound healing, transwell invasion, immunofluorescence, and western blot assays were conducted to study the malignant phenotype of KFs. Mice were induced with keloids and treated with hBMSC‐Exos. The effect of hBMSC‐Exos on keloid formation in vivo was evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining, Masson staining, immunohistochemistry, and western blotting. The GSE182192 dataset was screened for differentially expressed long non‐coding RNA during keloid formation. Next, maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) was knocked down in hBMSC to obtain hBMSC‐Exossh‐MEG3. The molecular mechanism of MEG3 was investigated by bioinformatic screening, and the relationship between MEG3 and TP53 or MCM5 was verified.ResultshBMSC‐Exos inhibited the malignant proliferation, migration, and invasion of KFs at same time as promoting their apoptosis, Moreover, hBMSC‐Exos reduced the expression of fibrosis‐ and collagen‐related proteins in the cells and the formation of keloids caused by KFs. The reduction in MEG3 enrichment in hBMSC‐Exos weakened the inhibitory effect of hBMSC‐Exos on KF activity. hBMSC‐Exos delivered MEG3 to promote MCM5 transcription by TP53 in KFs. Overexpression of MCM5 in KFs reversed the effects of hBMSC‐Exossh‐MEG3, leading to reduced KF activity.ConclusionshBMSC‐Exos delivered MEG3 to promote the protein stability of TP53, thereby activating MCM5 and promoting KF activity.
Integrated spectroscopic and computational analyses unravel the molecular interaction of pesticide azinphos‐methyl with bovine beta‐lactoglobulin
Authors: Al‐Shabib Nasser Abdulatif , Khan Javed Masood , Malik Ajamaluddin , AlAmri Abdulaziz , Rehman Md Tabish , AlAjmi Mohamed F. , Husain Fohad Mabood 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOrganophosphorus are typically hazardous chemicals used in the pharmaceutical, agricultural, and other industries. They pose a serious risk to human life and can be fatal upon direct exposure. Hence, studying the interaction between such compounds with proteins is crucial for environmental, health, and food safety. In this study, we investigated the interaction mechanism between azinphos‐methyl (AZM) and β‐lactoglobulin (BLG) at pH 7.4 using a combination of biophysical techniques. Intrinsic fluorescence investigations revealed that BLG fluorescence was quenched in the presence of increasing AZM concentrations. The quenching mechanism was identified as static, as evidenced by a decrease in the fluorescence quenching constant (1.25 × 104, 1.18 × 104, and 0.86 × 104 M−1) with an increase in temperatures. Thermodynamic calculations (ΔH > 0; ΔS > 0) affirmed the formation of a complex between AZM and BLG through hydrophobic interactions. The BLG's secondary structure was found to be increased due to AZM interaction. Ultraviolet –visible spectroscopy data showed alterations in BLG conformation in the presence of AZM. Molecular docking highlighted the significant role of hydrophobic interactions involving residues such as Val43, Ile56, Ile71, Val92, Phe105, and Met107 in the binding between BLG and AZM. A docking energy of −6.9 kcal mol−1, and binding affinity of 1.15 × 105 M−1 suggest spontaneous interaction between AZM and BLG with moderate to high affinity. These findings underscore the potential health risks associated with the entry of AZM into the food chain, emphasizing the need for further consideration of its impact on human health.
Transfers and anesthesia‐related postoperative outcomes after 3361 same‐day cancer surgeries at a freestanding surgery center: An observational retrospective study
Authors: Simon Natalie B. , McCready Taylor M. , Serafin Joanna , Assel Melissa , Jewell Elizabeth , Mehta Meghana , Vickers Andrew J. , Barnett Kara M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesExpanding outpatient surgery to the increasing number of procedures and patient populations warrants continuous evaluation of postoperative outcomes to ensure the best care and safety. We describe adverse postoperative outcomes and transfer rates related to anesthesia in a large sample of patients who underwent same‐day cancer surgery at a freestanding ambulatory surgery center.MethodsBetween January 2017 and June 2021, 3361 cancer surgeries, including breast and plastic, head and neck, gynecology, and urology, were performed. The surgeries were indicated for diagnosis, staging, and/or treatment. We report the incidence of transfers and adverse postoperative outcomes related to anesthesia.ResultsBreast and plastic surgeries were the most common (1771, 53%), followed by urology (1052, 31%), gynecology (410, 12%), and head and neck surgeries (128, 4%). Based on patients' first procedure, comorbidity levels were highest for urology (75% American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status score 3, 1.7% score 4) and lowest for breast surgeries (31% score 3, 0.2% score 4). Most gynecology surgeries used general anesthesia (97.6%), whereas breast surgeries used the least (38%). A total of seven patients (0.2%; 95% CI: 0.08%−0.4%) were immediately transferred to an outside hospital; four due to anesthesia‐related reasons. Only 7 (0.2%) patients needed additional postoperative care related to anesthesia‐related adverse events, specifically cardiac events (4), difficult intubations (2), desaturation (1), and agitation, nausea, and headache (1).ConclusionsThe incidence of anesthesia‐related adverse postoperative outcomes is low in cancer patients undergoing outpatient surgeries at our freestanding ambulatory surgery center. This suggests that carefully selected cancer patients, including patients with metastatic cancer, can undergo anesthesia for same‐day surgery, making cancer care accessible locally and reducing stress associated with travel for treatment. More research investigating complication rates related to surgery and to cancer disease trajectory are needed to establish a complete evaluation of safety for outpatient cancer surgery.
Evaluation of association between center colorectal neuroendocrine neoplasm volume and survival among patients with colorectal neuroendocrine carcinoma
Authors: Suraju Mohammed O. , Freischlag Kyle , McKeen Andrew , Nayyar Apoorve , Thompson Dakota , Gordon Darren M. , Mishra Aditi , Sherman Scott K. , Goffredo Paolo , Hassan Imran 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundAlthough correlation between center volume and survival has been reported for several complex cancers, it remains unknown if this is true for colorectal neuroendocrine carcinomas (CRNECs). We hypothesized that higher center annual volume of colorectal neuroendocrine neoplasm resections would be associated with overall survival (OS) for patients with CRNECs.MethodsPatients in the National Cancer Database diagnosed with stages I–III CRNEC between 2006 and 2018 and who underwent surgical resection were identified. The mean annual colorectal neuroendocrine neoplasm resection volume threshold associated with significantly worse mortality hazard was determined using restricted cubic splines. Kaplan–Meier (KM) method was used to compare OS, while Cox proportional hazards model was used for multivariable analysis.ResultsThere were 694 patients with CRNEC who met inclusion criteria across 1229 centers. Based on the cubic spline, centers treating fewer than one colorectal neuroendocrine neoplasm patient every 3 years on average had worse outcomes. Centers below this threshold were classified as low‐volume (LV) centers corresponding with 42% of centers and about 15% of the patient cohort. In unadjusted survival analysis, LV patients had a median OS of 14 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 10–19) while those treated at HV centers had a median OS of 33 months (95% CI: 25–49). In multivariable analysis, resection at a LV center was associated with increased risk of mortality (1.42 [95% CI: 1.01–2.00], p = 0.04).ConclusionCRNEC patients have a dire prognosis; however, treatment at an HV center may be associated with decreased risk of mortality.
Bridging frontiers: The role of a Global Breast Research Working Group
Authors: Reyes‐Monasterio Antonio , Möller Mecker Geraldine , Lozada‐Martinez Ivan David , Narvaez‐Rojas Alexis Rafael , De la Cruz Ku Gabriel , Metke Ricardo , Cabrera‐Vargas Luis Felipe , Torregrosa‐Almonacid Lilian , Lesmes Laura Camila , Eli Avisar , Paulinelli Regis Resende 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBreast cancer remains a significant cause of death for women globally, despite advancements in detection and treatment, low‐ and middle‐income countries face unique obstacles. Role of Research Working Group (RWG) can expedite research progress by fostering collaboration between scientists, clinicians, and stakeholders. Benefits of a Global RWG include pooling resources and expertise to develop new research ideas, addressing disparities, and building local research capacity, with the potential to improve breast cancer research and outcomes.
Key bacterial groups maintain stream multifunctionality in response to episodic drying
Authors: Gionchetta Giulia , Arias‐Real Rebeca , Hurtado Pilar , Bürgmann Helmut , Gutiérrez‐Cánovas Cayetano 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMicrobial biodiversity is fundamental to maintain ecosystem functioning in seasonally variable ecosystems. However, it remains unclear how alterations in water availability caused by episodic drying compromise the ability of stream microbes to maintain multiple functions simultaneously (e.g., primary production and carbon cycling). Using data from 32 streams, we investigated how the phenology of annual drying influences stream sediment microbial biodiversity and their capacity to sustain multifunctionality. Our results showed that stream multifunctionality and most bacteria did not respond to changes in drying phenology. Only two bacterial groups, the drying‐resistant Sphingobacteriia and the drying‐sensitive Acidobacteria_Gp7, exhibited positive associations with multifunctionality; whereas, bacterial diversity showed a negative correlation with functions. Among these biodiversity aspects, Sphingobacteriia showed the strongest capacity to maintain multifunctionality at low and moderate performance levels. Our findings will help to better understand the mechanisms through which biodiversity sustains the functioning of seasonally variable streams and their responses to global change.
Dual‐Layer Metasurface Enhanced Capacity of Polarization Multiplexing
Authors: Zhang Runzhe , Guo Yinghui , Zhang Fei , Pu Mingbo , Fan Yulong , Zhang Qi , Li Xiaoyin , Xu Mingfeng , Xu Junwen , Luo Xiangang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPolarization is the nature of optics. Exploiting metasurface's polarizations can enhance the multiplexing capacity but face a limited number of channels. For example, a single‐layer metasurface can offer three independent channels with six degrees of freedom (DoFs) including the amplitude and phase of Ex, Exy(yx), and Ey of the Jones matrix. In this work, it is theoretically demonstrated that the degrees of freedom of dual‐layer metasurfaces can reach eight, overcoming the polarization multiplexing constraints of single‐layer metasurfaces and that the cross‐talk can be largely reduced as compared with single‐layer metasurfaces when the channel number is larger than three. Numerical calculations manifest a decrease of 100%, 63%, and 50% for the cross‐talk of channels 4, 5, and 6, respectively. As a proof‐of‐concept demonstration of high‐capacity polarization multiplexing, an arbitrary‐polarization‐controlled 5‐channel dual‐layer metasurface exhibiting five nanoprintings and five holographic images with reduced cross‐talk under different incident and output polarizations is successfully designed. Thus, the research highlighting the high‐multiplexing‐capacity of dual‐layer metasurfaces can significantly advance multifunctional optical devices with high efficiency, simple integration, and ease of manipulation.
Differences in real‐world outcomes by risk classification for localized prostate cancer patients after radiation therapy
Authors: Karsh Lawrence , Du Shawn , He Jinghua , Waters Dexter , Muser Erik , Shore Neal 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundLimited real‐world evidence exists on the long‐term clinical outcomes of patients with localized prostate cancer (LPC) who received external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) as the initial treatment. This study evaluated clinical outcomes of US patients with high‐risk LPC (HR‐LPC) and low/intermediate‐risk LPC (LIR‐LPC) who received EBRT.MethodsThis retrospective study using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results‐Medicare linked data from 2012 to 2019 included patients ≥ 65 years old who received EBRT as initial therapy. Baseline patient characteristics were summarized, metastasis‐free survival (MFS), overall survival, and time to initiation of advanced prostate cancer treatment were compared using Kaplan−Meier (KM) and adjusted Cox proportional hazard (PH) models. 5‐year survival probabilities stratified by race/ethnicity (non‐Hispanic [NH] White, NH Black, NH Asian, and Hispanic) were assessed.ResultsOf 11,313 eligible patients, 41% (n = 4600) had HR‐LPC and 59% (n = 6713) had LIR‐LPC. Patient characteristics for both groups were comparable, with mean age at EBRT initiation > 70 years, 86% white, and mean follow‐up time >40 months. More patients in the HR‐LPC than LIR‐LPC groups (78% vs 34%) had concurrent androgen deprivation therapy use and for a longer duration (median 10.4 months vs. 7.4 months). A higher proportion of HR‐LPC patients developed metastasis, died, or received advanced prostate cancer treatment. Adjusted Cox PH survival analyses showed significantly (p < 0.0001) higher risk of mortality (hazard ratios [HR], 1.57 [1.38, 2.34]), metastasis or death (HR, 1.97 [1.78, 2.17]), and advanced prostate cancer therapy use (HR, 2.57 [2.11, 3.14]) for HR‐LPC than LIR‐LPC patients. Within 5 years after the initial EBRT treatment, 18%−26% of patients with HR‐LPC are expected to have died or developed metastasis. The 5‐year MFS rate in the HR‐LPC group was lower than the LIR‐LPC group across all racial/ethnic subgroups. NH Black patients with HR‐LPC had the highest all‐cause mortality rate and lowest rate of receiving advanced prostate cancer treatment, compared to other racial/ethnic subgroups.ConclusionsThis real‐world study of clinical outcomes in patients with LPC treated with EBRT suggests substantial disease burden in patients with HR‐LPC and highlights the need for additional treatment strategies to improve clinical outcomes in patients with HR‐LPC.
Natural disease course modeling of achondroplasia to evaluate the efficacy of recifercept in the absence of a placebo control arm in phase II study
Authors: Qiao Wenlian , Boucher Martin , Slade Alison , Dawra Vikas K. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWhile randomized, placebo‐controlled, double‐blinded clinical studies are the gold standard for evaluating the efficacy of investigational drugs, the use of placebo in children with achondroplasia should be limited because it provides no clinical benefit while exhausting study participants' treatment window. Recifercept is an investigational drug for treating children with achondroplasia aged 2–10 years. An alternative efficacy evaluation method, instead of a placebo control arm, was employed in the phase II study. Prior to participating in the phase II study, participants completed a natural history (NH) study. Based on the NH data, a multi‐variate linear mixed effects natural disease course model of three anthropometric end points (standing height, sitting height, and arm span) was developed. The model was validated using published growth charts of children with achondroplasia. Subsequently, the model was used to simulate the natural growth trajectories (without any treatment) of the three anthropometric end points for the individuals enrolled in the phase II study. To quantify the efficacy of recifercept, the simulations were compared with the observations post‐recifercept treatment in the phase II study. For all the tested doses of recifercept, at the individual level, the observations were comparable to the simulations at 6 and 12 months post‐recifercept treatment, suggesting no treatment effect. The results contributed to the decision of terminating recifercept clinical development. This work delivers a framework that could eliminate the need for placebo in clinical trials yet provide sufficient evidence for evaluating the efficacy of an investigational drug.