bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Notch: Implications of endogenous inhibitors for therapy
Authors: Dikic Ivan , Schmidt Mirko H. H. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractSoluble components of Notch signalling can be applied to manipulate a central pathway essential for the development of metazoans and often deregulated in illnesses such as stroke, cancer or cardiovascular diseases. Commonly, the Notch cascade is inhibited by small compound inhibitors, which either block the proteolysis of Notch receptors by γ‐secretases or interfere with the transcriptional activity of the Notch intracellular domain. Specific antibodies can also be used to inhibit ligand‐induced activation of Notch receptors. Alternatively, naturally occurring endogenous inhibitors of Notch signalling might offer a specific way to block receptor activation. Examples are the soluble variants of the canonical Notch ligand Jagged1 and the non‐canonical Notch ligand Dlk1, both deprived of their transmembrane regions upon ectodomain shedding, or the bona fide secreted molecule EGFL7. We present frequently used methods to decrease Notch signalling, and we discuss how soluble Notch inhibitors may be used to treat diseases.
The H19 locus: Role of an imprinted non‐coding RNA in growth and development
Authors: Gabory Anne , Jammes Hélène , Dandolo Luisa 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe H19 gene produces a non‐coding RNA, which is abundantly expressed during embryonic development and down‐regulated after birth. Although this gene was discovered over 20 years ago, its function has remained unclear. Only recently a role was identified for the non‐coding RNA and/or its microRNA partner, first as a tumour suppressor gene in mice, then as a trans‐regulator of a group of co‐expressed genes belonging to the imprinted gene network that is likely to control foetal and early postnatal growth in mice. The mechanisms underlying this transcriptional or post‐transcriptional regulation remain to be discovered, perhaps by identifying the protein partners of the full‐length H19 RNA or the targets of the microRNA. This first in vivo evidence of a functional role for the H19 locus provides new insights into how genomic imprinting helps to control embryonic growth.
Windows to cell function and dysfunction: Signatures written in the boundary layers
Authors: Smith Peter J. S. , Collis Leon P. , Messerli Mark A. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe medium surrounding cells either in culture or in tissues contains a chemical mix varying with cell state. As solutes move in and out of the cytoplasmic compartment they set up characteristic signatures in the cellular boundary layers. These layers are complex physical and chemical environments the profiles of which reflect cell physiology and provide conduits for intercellular messaging. Here we review some of the most relevant characteristics of the extracellular/intercellular space. Our initial focus is primarily on cultured cells but we extend our consideration to the far more complex environment of tissues, and discuss how chemical signatures in the boundary layer can or may affect cell function. Critical to the entire essay are the methods used, or being developed, to monitor chemical profiles in the boundary layers. We review recent developments in ultramicro electrochemical sensors and tailored optical reporters suitable for the task in hand.
Spindles losing their bearings: Does disruption of orientation in stem cells predict the onset of cancer?
Authors: Graham Trevor A. , Jawad Noor , Wright Nicholas A. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractRecently, Quyn et al. demonstrated that cells within the stem cell zone of human and mouse intestinal crypts tend to align their mitotic spindles perpendicular to the basal membrane of the crypt. This is associated with asymmetric division, whereby particular proteins and individual chromatids are preferentially segregated to one daughter cell. In colonic mucosa containing a heterozygous adenomatous polyposis coli gene (APC) mutation the asymmetry is lost. Here, we discuss asymmetric stem cell division as an anti‐tumourigenic mechanism. We describe how hierarchical tissue structures suppress somatic evolution, and discuss the relative merits of template strand retention to limit the accumulation of DNA replication errors. We suggest experiments to determine whether somatic mutations resulting in loss of spindle alignment confer an advantage within the stem cell niche. Finally, we discuss whether lack of spindle alignment constitutes an oncogenic event per se, with particular reference to studies in model organisms, and the timing of chromosomal instability in human cancers.
A mechanistic model of the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose
Authors: Levine Seth E. , Fox Jerome M. , Blanch Harvey W. , Clark Douglas S. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractA detailed mechanistic model of enzymatic cellulose hydrolysis has been developed. The behavior of individual cellulase enzymes and parameters describing the cellulose surface properties are included. Results obtained for individual enzymes (T. reesei endoglucanase 2 and cellobiohydrolase I) and systems with both enzymes present are compared with experimental literature data. The model was sensitive to cellulase‐accessible surface area; the EG2–CBHI synergy observed experimentally was only predicted at a sufficiently high cellulose surface area. Enzyme crowding, which is more apparent at low surface areas, resulted in differences between predicted and experimental rates of hydrolysis. Model predictions also indicated that the observed decrease in hydrolysis rates following the initial rate of rapid hydrolysis is not solely caused by product inhibition and/or thermal deactivation. Surface heterogeneities, which are not accounted for in this work, may play a role in decreasing the hydrolysis rate. The importance of separating the enzyme adsorption and complexation steps is illustrated by the model's sensitivity to the rate of formation of enzyme–substrate complexes on the cellulose surface. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2010;107: 37–51. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Purification of cell culture‐derived modified vaccinia ankara virus by pseudo‐affinity membrane adsorbers and hydrophobic interaction chromatography
Authors: Wolff Michael W. , Siewert Corina , Hansen Sara Post , Faber Rene , Reichl Udo 
Published: May 2010

AbstractA purification scheme for cell culture‐derived smallpox vaccines based on an orthogonal downstream process of pseudo‐affinity membrane adsorbers (MA) and hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) was investigated. The applied pseudo‐affinity chromatography, based on reinforced sulfated cellulose and heparin‐MA, was optimized in terms of dynamic binding capacities, virus yield and process productivity. HIC was introduced as a subsequent method to further reduce the DNA content. Therefore, two screens were undertaken. First, several HIC ligands were screened for different adsorption behavior between virus particles and DNA. Second, elution from pseudo‐affinity MA and adsorption of virus particles onto the hydrophobic interaction matrix was explored by a series of buffers using different ammonium sulfate concentrations. Eventually, variations between different cultivation batches and buffer conditions were investigated.The most promising combination, a sulfated cellulose membrane adsorber with subsequent phenyl HIC resulted in overall virus particle recoveries ranging from 76% to 55% depending on the product batch and applied conditions. On average, 61% of the recovered virus particles were infective within all tested purification schemes and conditions. Final DNA content varied from 0.01% to 2.5% of the starting material and the level of contaminating protein was below 0.1%. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2010;107: 312–320. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Formation of palladium(0) nanoparticles at microbial surfaces
Authors: Bunge Michael , Søbjerg Lina S. , Rotaru Amelia‐Elena , Gauthier Delphine , Lindhardt Anders T. , Hause Gerd , Finster Kai , Kingshott Peter , Skrydstrup Troels , Meyer Rikke L. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe increasing demand and limited natural resources for industrially important platinum‐group metal (PGM) catalysts render the recovery from secondary sources such as industrial waste economically interesting. In the process of palladium (Pd) recovery, microorganisms have revealed a strong potential. Hitherto, bacteria with the property of dissimilatory metal reduction have been in focus, although the biochemical reactions linking enzymatic Pd(II) reduction and Pd(0) deposition have not yet been identified. In this study we investigated Pd(II) reduction with formate as the electron donor in the presence of Gram‐negative bacteria with no documented capacity for reducing metals for energy production: Cupriavidus necator, Pseudomonas putida, and Paracoccus denitrificans. Only large and close‐packed Pd(0) aggregates were formed in cell‐free buffer solutions. Pd(II) reduction in the presence of bacteria resulted in smaller, well‐suspended Pd(0) particles that were associated with the cells (called “bioPd(0)” in the following). Nanosize Pd(0) particles (3–30 nm) were only observed in the presence of bacteria, and particles in this size range were located in the periplasmic space. Pd(0) nanoparticles were still deposited on autoclaved cells of C. necator that had no hydrogenase activity, suggesting a hydrogenase‐independent formation mechanism. The catalytic properties of Pd(0) and bioPd(0) were determined by the amount of hydrogen released in a reaction with hypophosphite. Generally, bioPd(0) demonstrated a lower level of activity than the Pd(0) control, possibly due to the inaccessibility of the Pd(0) fraction embedded in the cell envelope. Our results demonstrate the suitability of bacterial cells for the recovery of Pd(0), and formation and immobilization of Pd(0) nanoparticles inside the cell envelope. However, procedures to make periplasmic Pd(0) catalytically accessible need to be developed for future nanobiotechnological applications. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2010;107: 206–215. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Associations between leptin and adiponectin receptor upregulation, visceral obesity and tumour stage in oesophageal and junctional adenocarcinoma
Authors: Howard J M , Beddy P , Ennis D , Keogan M , Pidgeon G P , Reynolds J V 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBackgroundObesity is associated with oesophageal adenocarcinoma, but mechanisms linking fat and carcinogenesis remain poorly understood. Altered circulating adipocytokines may be important. This study aimed to identify pathways through which visceral fat impacts on tumour biology.MethodsSeventy-five patients with oesophageal adenocarcinoma underwent anthropometric and radiological assessment of obesity. Expression of leptin receptor (ObR) and adiponectin receptors 1 and 2 (AdipR1, AdipR2) was quantified by real-time reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction. The human oesophageal adenocarcinoma cell line OE33 was used as the calibrator sample.ResultsNinety-one per cent of tumours expressed ObR, 95 per cent expressed AdipR1 and 100 per cent expressed AdipR2. Relative expression of ObR was upregulated in 67 per cent, and AdipR1 and AdipR2 were downregulated in 55 and 68 per cent respectively, relative to the calibrator sample. Upregulated ObR and AdipR2 expression was significantly associated with anthropometric and radiological measures of obesity. Upregulated ObR was associated with advanced tumour and node category (P = 0·036 and P = 0·025 respectively), and upregulated AdipR2 with nodal involvement (P = 0·037).ConclusionObesity is associated with upregulated ObR and AdipR2 expression in oesophageal adenocarcinoma. The association of ObR and AdipR2 with tumour stage suggest that pathways involving adipocytokines affect tumour biology.
Cost-effectiveness analysis of general anaesthesia versus local anaesthesia for carotid surgery (GALA Trial)
Authors:   GALA Collaborative Group, Gomes M , Soares M O , Dumville J C , Lewis S C , Torgerson D J , Bodenham A R , Gough M J , Warlow C P 
Published: May 2010

Abstract

Background
Health outcomes and costs are both important when deciding whether general (GA) or local (LA) anaesthesia should be used during carotid endarterectomy. The aim of this study was to assess the cost-effectiveness of carotid endarterectomy under LA or GA in patients with symptomatic or asymptomatic carotid stenosis for whom surgery was advised.

Methods
Using patient-level data from a large, multinational, randomized controlled trial (GALA Trial) time free from stroke, myocardial infarction or death, and costs incurred were evaluated. The cost-effectiveness outcome was incremental cost per day free from an event, within a time horizon of 30 days.

Results
A patient undergoing carotid endarterectomy under LA incurred fewer costs (mean difference £178) and had a slightly longer event-free survival (difference 0·16 days, but the 95 per cent confidence limits around this estimate were wide) compared with a patient who had GA. Existing uncertainty did not have a significant impact on the decision to adopt LA, over a wide range of willingness-to-pay values.

Conclusion
If cost-effectiveness was considered in the decision to adopt GA or LA for carotid endarterectomy, given the evidence provided by this study, LA is likely to be the favoured treatment for patients for whom either anaesthetic approach is clinically appropriate.
Stakeholder management and sustainability strategies in the French nuclear industry
Authors: Banerjee Subhabrata Bobby , Bonnefous Annabel‐Mauve 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThis paper describes how a nuclear power corporation integrates sustainability into corporate strategies and practices. The case study focuses on one of the world's largest nuclear power generators and describes the corporate capture of sustainable development in its strategic efforts to promote a growth strategy. The paper shows how corporate strategies to address sustainability concerns involve managing different stakeholders, enabling the corporation to sustain its economic growth strategy. Three types of stakeholder management strategy are identified: reinforcement strategies for supportive stakeholders, containment strategies for obstructive stakeholders and stabilization strategies for passive stakeholders. The paper argues that, despite claims of sustainable development in the nuclear industry, there is no significant shift in the ‘business as usual’ approach and that sustainable development is merely reframed as sustainable growth. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Cyanide‐Bridged [CoII2MII] and [CoII2MII2] Complexes Based on the [CoII(triphos)(CN)2] Building Block: Syntheses, Structures, Magnetic Properties, and Density Functional Theoretical Studies
Authors: Karadas Ferdi , Shatruk Michael , Perez Lisa M. , Dunbar Kim R. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractTwo families of cationic cyanide‐bridged complexes, namely, {[Co(triphos)(CN)2]2[M(MeOH)4]}(ClO4)2 ([Co2M] M=Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni; triphos=1,1,1‐tris((diphenylphosphino)methyl)ethane) and {[Co(triphos)(CN)2]2[M(MeOH)4]2}(ClO4)4 ([Co2M2] M=Mn and Ni) have been prepared from reactions of [CoII(triphos)(CN)2] and M(ClO4)2⋅6H2O (M=Mn, Fe, Co, Ni) in methanol. The trinuclear complexes [Co2Mn], [Co2Fe], and [Co2Co], as well as both new tetranuclear complexes [Co2Mn2] and [Co2Ni2], exhibit antiferromagnetic coupling between metal centers. In contrast, the [Co2Ni] is characterized by ferromagnetic interactions between the CoII and NiII centers. The magnetic behavior for these complexes was investigated by DFT calculations and was found to derive from overlap patterns of the different magnetic orbitals as influenced by the angles of the cyanide bridges.
Enantioselective Organocatalytic Addition of Azlactones to Maleimides: A Highly Stereocontrolled Entry to 2,2‐Disubstituted‐2H‐oxazol‐5‐ones
Authors: Alba Andrea‐Nekane R. , Valero Guillem , Calbet Teresa , Font‐Bardía Mercé , Moyano Albert , Rios Ramon 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe first highly diastereo‐ and enantioselective organocatalytic synthesis of 2,2‐disubstituted‐2H‐oxazol‐5‐ones is described. The addition of oxazolones to maleimides is promoted by bifunctional thiourea catalysts, which afford the corresponding 2,2‐disubstituted‐2H‐oxazol‐5‐ones with total regio‐ and stereocontrol.
Luminescent Ionic Liquid Crystals from Self‐Assembled BODIPY Disulfonate and Imidazolium Frameworks
Authors: Olivier Jean‐Hubert , Camerel Franck , Ulrich Gilles , Barberá Joaquín , Ziessel Raymond 
Published: May 2010

AbstractA series of modular mesogenic salts based on the combination of anionic 4,4‐difluoro‐4‐bora‐3a,4a‐diaza‐s‐indacene (F‐BODIPY) 2,6‐disulfonate dyes and trialkoxybenzyl‐functionalised imidazolium cations has been designed and synthesised. Each salt contains a rigid dianionic BODIPY core associated with two imidazolium cations functionalised by 1,2,3‐trialkoxybenzyl (alkyl=n‐C8, n‐C12 or n‐C16) units or, in one case, with imidazolium cations functionalised by a trialkylgallate (3,4,5‐trialkoxybenzoate) unit in which the 3,5‐dialkyl groups are terminated with a polymerisable acrylate entity. All these compounds were highly fluorescent in solution with quantum yields ranging from 54 to 62 %. In the solid state, the width of the emission band observed at around 650 nm is a clear signature of aggregation. With the trialkoxybenzylimidazolium cations, polarised optical microscopy (POM) and X‐ray scattering experiments showed that columnar mesophases were formed. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) studies confirmed the mesomorphic behaviour from room temperature to about 130 °C for salts with alkyl chains containing 8, 12 and 16 carbon atoms. The strong luminescence of the BODIPY unit was maintained in the mesophase and fluorescence measurements confirmed the presence of J aggregates in all cases. The salt containing the gallate‐functionalised imidazolium cations showed no mesomorphism but the acrylate terminal units could be used to engender photoinitiated polymerisation thereby allowing the material to be immobilised on glass plates. The polymerisation process was followed by FTIR spectroscopy and the fixed and patterned films were highly fluorescent with a solid‐state emission close to that of the complex in the solid state.
Activity and Enantioselectivity of the Hydroxynitrile Lyase MeHNL in Dry Organic Solvents
Authors: Paravidino Monica , Sorgedrager Menno J. , Orru Romano V. A. , Hanefeld Ulf 
Published: May 2010

AbstractWater concentration affects both the enantioselectivity and activity of enzymes in dry organic media. Its influence has been investigated using the hydrocyanation of benzaldehyde catalyzed by hydroxynitrile lyase cross‐linked enzyme aggregate (MeHNL‐CLEA) as a model reaction. The enzyme displayed higher enantioselectivity at higher water concentration, thus suggesting a positive effect of enzyme flexibility on selectivity. The activity increased on reducing the solvent water content, but drastic dehydration of the enzyme resulted in a reversible loss of activity.
Syntheses and Antibacterial Properties of iso‐Platencin, Cl‐iso‐Platencin and Cl‐Platencin: Identification of a New Lead Structure
Authors: Tiefenbacher Konrad , Gollner Andreas , Mulzer Johann 
Published: May 2010

AbstractPlatencin is a novel antibiotic which is active against multiresistant pathogens. We describe efficient syntheses of three platencin analogues of varying activities which allow further conclusions about the pharmacophoric part of the molecule. The unnatural antibiotic iso‐platencin, which is about as active as natural platencin, but much more selective, was identified as a new lead structure.
Synthesis and Electrochemical Characteristics of Li0.7[Ni1/6Mn5/6]O2 Cathode Materials.
Authors: Park K. S. , Park S. H. , Sun Y.‐K. , Nahm K. S. , Yoon C. S. , Kim C. K. , Lee Yun Sung , Yoshio Masaki 
Published: May 2010

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Phase Diagram of the AgGaSe2—CdSe System and Crystal Structure of the AgCd2GaSe4 Compound.
Authors: Olekseyuk I. D. , Gulay L. D. , Parasyuk O. V. , Husak O. A. , Kadykalo E. M. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Acylotropic Tautomerism. Part 35. R⇔L‐Inversion of Configuration of Dipolar Spirocyclic and Open‐Chain 2‐Arylaminotropone Isomers.
Authors: Olekhnovich L. P. , Budarina Z. N. , Borodkin G. S. , Kurbatov S. V. , Vaslyaeva G. S. , Zhdanov Yu. A. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Role of Planar Chirality of S,N‐ and P,N‐Ferrocene Ligands in Palladium‐Catalyzed Allylic Substitutions.
Authors: You Shu‐Li , Hou Xue‐Long , Dai Li‐Xin , Yu Yi‐Hua , Xia Wei 
Published: May 2010

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Allylation of Exocyclic N‐Acyliminium Ions Generated from Chiral N‐[1‐(Phenylsulfonyl)alkyl]oxazolidin‐2‐ones.
Authors: Marcantoni Enrico , Mecozzi Tiziana , Petrini Marino 
Published: May 2010

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Oxidative Cyclization of Amino Alcohols Catalyzed by a Cp*Ir Complex. Synthesis of Indoles, 1,2,3,4‐Tetrahydroquinolines, and 2,3,4,5‐Tetrahydro‐1‐benzazepine.
Authors: Fujita Ken‐ichi , Yamamoto Kazunari , Yamaguchi Ryohei 
Published: May 2010

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Cyclization/Hydrosilylation of Functionalized 1,6‐Diynes Catalyzed by Cationic Platinum Complexes Containing Bidentate Nitrogen Ligands.
Authors: Wang Xiang , Chakrapani Harinath , Madine James W. , Keyerleber Michele A. , Widenhoefer Ross A. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Difluoromethylation Reactions of Ethyl Pyruvate with the TDAE — A Mild Approach to the Synthesis of 3,3‐Difluoro‐2‐hydroxy‐2‐methyl‐4‐oxo‐butyric Ethyl Esters Derivatives.
Authors: Medebielle Maurice , Kato Katsuya , Dolbier Jr. William R. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Efficient Reductive Deoximation by Tungsten(VI) Chloride (WCl6) or Molybdenum(V) Chloride (MoCl5) in the Presence of Zn Powder in CH3CN.
Authors: Firouzabadi Habib , Jamalian Arezu , Karimi Babak 
Published: May 2010

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Dimethyl 3‐Hydroxy‐4‐hydroxymethylcyclopentane‐1,1‐dicarboxylate: An Optically Pure Precursor of Spiro Carbocylic Deoxyribonucleosides.
Authors: Renard Annabelle , Lhomme Jean , Kotera Mitsuharu 
Published: May 2010

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Oxygenative Perfluoroalkylation of Olefinic Compounds Using Perfluoroalkyl Iodide in the Presence of Oxygen.
Authors: Yoshida Masato , Ohkoshi Masanori , Muraoka Tsunehiro , Matsuyama Haruo , Iyoda Masahiko 
Published: May 2010

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Halogenation of N‐Substituted p‐Quinonimines and p‐Quinone Oxime Esters. Part 1. Chlorination and Bromination of 4‐Aroyloxyimino‐ and Arylsulfonyloxyimino‐2,5‐cyclohexadienones.
Authors: Avdeenko A. P. , Shishkina S. V. , Shishkin O. V. , Glinyanaya N. M. , Konovalova S. A. , Goncharova S. A. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and X‐Ray Crystal Structures of Bis(oxazolinyl)phenyl‐Derived Chiral Palladium(II) and Platinum(II) and ‐(IV) Complexes and Their Use in the Catalytic Asymmetric Aldol‐Type Condensation of Isocyanides and Aldehydes.
Authors: Motoyama Yukihiro , Kawakami Hidekazu , Shimozono Kayoko , Aoki Katsuyuki , Nishiyama Hisao 
Published: May 2010

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A π‐Stacked 1,2,3‐Dithiazolyl Radical. Preparation and Solid State Characterization of (Cl2C3NS)(ClC2NS2).
Authors: Beer Leanne , Cordes A. Wallace , Haddon Robert C. , Itkis Mikhail E. , Oakley Richard T. , Reed Robert W. , Robertson Craig M. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Potential Anxiolytic Agents. Part 4. Novel Orally‐Active N5‐Substituted Pyrido[1,2‐a]benzimidazoles with High GABA‐A Receptor Affinity.
Authors: Jordan Alfonzo D. , Vaidya Anil H. , Rosenthal Daniel I. , Dubinsky Barry , Kordik Cheryl P. , Sanfilippo Pauline J. , Wu Wu‐Nan , Reitz Allen B. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.