bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Direct Fabrication of Atomically Defined Pores in MXenes Using Feedback‐Driven STEM
Authors: Boebinger Matthew G. , Yilmaz Dundar E. , Ghosh Ayana , Misra Sudhajit , Mathis Tyler S. , Kalinin Sergei V. , Jesse Stephen , Gogotsi Yury , van Duin Adri C. T. , Unocic Raymond R. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractControlled fabrication of nanopores in 2D materials offer the means to create robust membranes needed for ion transport and nanofiltration. Techniques for creating nanopores have relied upon either plasma etching or direct irradiation; however, aberration‐corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) offers the advantage of combining a sub‐Å sized electron beam for atomic manipulation along with atomic resolution imaging. Here, a method for automated nanopore fabrication is utilized with real‐time atomic visualization to enhance the mechanistic understanding of beam‐induced transformations. Additionally, an electron beam simulation technique, Electron‐Beam Simulator (E‐BeamSim) is developed to observe the atomic movements and interactions resulting from electron beam irradiation. Using the MXene Ti3C2Tx, the influence of temperature on nanopore fabrication is explored by tracking atomic transformations and find that at room temperature the electron beam irradiation induces random displacement and results in titanium pileups at the nanopore edge, which is confirmed by E‐BeamSim. At elevated temperatures, after removal of the surface functional groups and with the increased mobility of atoms results in atomic transformations that lead to the selective removal of atoms layer by layer. This work can lead to the development of defect engineering techniques within functionalized MXene layers and other 2D materials.
Lanthanide‐Sensitized Upconversion Iridium Complex via Triplet Energy Transfer
Authors: Xu Kui , Zheng Lifeng , Bao Song‐Song , Ma Jing , Xie Xiaoji , Zheng Li‐Min 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCyclometalated iridium (Ir) complexes demonstrate impressive capabilities across a range of fields, including biology and photocatalysis, due to their tunable optical characteristics and structure flexibility. However, generating upconversion luminescence of Ir complexes under near‐infrared light excitation is challenging. Herein, by employing lanthanide‐doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) as the sensitizer, a new strategy is demonstrated to gain upconversion luminescence of Ir complexes via triplet energy transfer. This design relies on a rationally designed hybrid of core‐shell structured NaYbF4:Tb@NaTbF4 UCNPs and new Ir phosphonate complexes, in which UCNPs can migrate upconverted energy to the surface of nanoparticles through Tb3+‐mediated energy migration and then sensitize the upconversion luminescence of Ir complexes upon 980 nm excitation. Both experimental and theoretical investigations highlight the significance of triplet energy transfer from excited Tb3+ ions to the triplet state of Ir complexes in the sensitization of upconversion luminescence of Ir complexes. These findings may open exciting avenues for fabricating hybrid Ir materials with new functions and driving the development of UCNP‐based nanomaterials.
Cultivating Diverse Environmental Children's Picturebooks Using Rudine Sim Bishop's Framework for Multicultural Texts
Authors: Holyoke Erica , Fletcher Lauren 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis article applies Rudine Sims Bishop's multicultural framework of children's literature to environmental picturebooks. The paper provides an analysis of nearly 150 picturebooks paired with preservice teachers’ responses to the texts to highlight the importance of diverse narratives and storytelling in environmentalism. The paper argues for the necessity for reading broadly and prioritizing diverse representations of which stories are told regarding environmentalism. Bishop's framework prioritizes the depth and breadth of who can be protagonists in environmentalism narratives, real and imagined, as well as how those protagonists enact responses to climate crises and the range of environmental issues that they respond to. The paper underscores the role of educators in fostering critical perspectives on environmentalism, advocating for disrupting single stories, and ensuring that a collection of texts that includes justice‐oriented and intersectional narratives is used with young readers. The article challenges dominant cultural narratives and promotes inclusivity in environmental activism.
Young Adults’ Aspiration for Intimacy in Post-collectivist China
Authors: Constantin Sandra V. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis chapter delves into the dynamics of marital choices in contemporary China. The chapter presents contrasting responses between men and women regarding parental influence. While men often assert independence, women frequently seek parental advice in their marital decisions. Notably, several women employ strategic approaches to circumvent parental disagreement, reflecting a delicate balance between individual autonomy and familial harmony. The analysis unveils a complex interplay of societal norms and aspirations, indicating that, despite legal emphasis on free choice, familial considerations continue to shape marital decisions.Additionally, the chapter explores social homogamy and hypergamy trends, revealing gendered patterns in the importance placed on education, income, and family background in partner selection.Furthermore, the findings shed light on a growing form of intimacy in post-collectivist China: cohabitation before marriage. Encountering social resistance, particularly from older generations, a new concept surfaced: “trial marriage” (shihun). This strategic term emerged among young adults seeking to legitimize living together before formalizing the union. It bridges the gap between societal norms and evolving practices.The findings reveal a complex interplay between societal expectations, individual choices, and the enduring influence of Confucian values in shaping attitudes towards cohabitation and marriage in contemporary China.
The ambient space formalism
Authors: Parisini Enrico , Skenderis Kostas , Withers Benjamin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We present a new formalism to solve the kinematical constraints due to Weyl invariance for CFTs in curved backgrounds and/or non-trivial states, and we apply it to thermal CFTs and to CFTs on squashed spheres. The ambient space formalism is based on constructing a class of geometric objects that are Weyl covariant and identifying them as natural building blocks of correlation functions. We construct (scalar) n-point functions and we illustrate the formalism with a detailed computation of 2-point functions. We compare our results for thermal 2-point functions with results that follow from thermal OPEs and holographic computations, finding exact agreement. In our holographic computation we also obtain the OPE coefficient of the leading double-twist contribution, and we discuss how the double-twist coefficients may be computed from the multi-energy-momentum contributions, given knowledge of the analytic structure of the correlator. The 2-point function for the CFT on squashed spheres is a new result. We also discuss the relation of our work to flat holography.
On β-function of N = 2 supersymmetric integrable sigma-models
Authors: Alfimov Mikhail , Kalinichenko Ivan , Litvinov Alexey 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We study the regularization scheme dependence of Kähler (N = 2) supersymmetric sigma models. At the one-loop order the metric β function is the same as in the non-supersymmetric case and it coincides with the Ricci tensor. The first correction in the MS scheme is known to appear in the fourth loop [1, 2]. We show that for certain integrable Kähler backgrounds, such as the complete T-dual of η-deformed $$ \mathbbm{CP}(n) $$
CP

n

sigma models, there is a scheme in which the fourth loop contribution vanishes.
Rationale, Modelle und Wirkung arbeitsplatznaher psychotherapeutischer Angebote
Authors: Angerer Peter , Gündel Harald , Kröger Christoph , Rothermund Eva 
Published: May 2024

ZusammenfassungPsychische Erkrankungen und Verhaltensstörungen sind auch in der erwerbstätigen Bevölkerung sehr häufig. Sie betreffen bis zu ein Drittel der Beschäftigten pro Jahr und gehen mit erheblichem Leidensdruck, dem Risiko der Chronifizierung und des Ausscheidens aus der Erwerbstätigkeit einher. Wirtschaftlich verursachen sie hohe Kosten. Um diese Folgen abzumildern und die Genesungschancen zu erhöhen, sind eine rasche Diagnostik, ggf. eine frühzeitige adäquate Therapie und – über die übliche Vorgehensweise der Psychotherapie hinaus – eine Beachtung der arbeitsbedingten Ursachen von entscheidender Bedeutung.Die Psychotherapeutische Sprechstunde am Arbeitsplatz (PT-A) versucht, diesen Anforderungen gerecht zu werden. Sie bietet kurzfristig und in Arbeitsplatznähe psychotherapeutische Hilfe für psychisch belastete Beschäftigte an, leistet – je nach Problemlage – Beratung, Diagnostik, Prävention und kurzzeitige bzw. überbrückende Therapie und unterstützt bei der Wiedereingliederung nach längerer psychischer Erkrankung. Hilfreich ist eine enge Kooperation mit dem betriebsärztlichen Dienst, der die PT‑A zu Rate zieht, an sie überweist, Kenntnisse zur betrieblichen Situation beisteuern und ggf. die Wiedereingliederung begleiten kann. Die Finanzierung übernimmt häufig der Betrieb, ggf. aber auch Krankenkassen in Modellen der integrierten Versorgung.In dem vorliegenden Beitrag werden zunächst die Geschichte und die Grundlagen von PT‑A sowie die Rolle von Arbeitsstress bei der Entstehung psychischer und psychosomatischer Störungen beschrieben. Die Umsetzung der PT‑A wird an 2 Beispielen skizziert. Abschließend wird die aktuelle Studie „Frühe Intervention am Arbeitsplatz“ (friaa) kurz vorgestellt, auf die sich mehrere Artikel in diesem Themenheft beziehen.
The evaluation of skin sensitization potential of the UVCB substance diisopentyl phthalate by in silico and in vitro methods
Authors: de Souza Isisdoris Rodrigues , Iulini Martina , Galbiati Valentina , Rodrigues Ana Carolina , Gradia Daniela Fiori , Andrade Anderson J. M. , Firman James W. , Pestana Cynthia , Leme Daniela Morais , Corsini Emanuela 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDiisopentyl phthalate (DiPeP) is primarily used as a plasticizer or additive within the production of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and has many additional industrial applications. Its metabolites were recently found in urinary samples of pregnant women; thus, this substance is of concern as relates to human exposure. Depending upon the nature of the alcohol used in its synthesis, DiPeP may exist either as a mixture consisting of several branched positional isomers, or as a single defined structure. This article investigates the skin sensitization potential and immunomodulatory effects of DiPeP CAS No. 84777-06-0, which is currently marketed and classified as a UVCB substance, by in silico and in vitro methods. Our findings showed an immunomodulatory effect for DiPeP in LPS-induced THP-1 activation assay (increased CD54 expression). In silico predictions using QSAR TOOLBOX 4.5, ToxTree, and VEGA did not identify DiPeP, in the form of a discrete compound, as a skin sensitizer. The keratinocyte activation (Key Event 2 (KE2) of the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) for skin sensitization) was evaluated by two different test methods (HaCaT assay and RHE assay), and results were discordant. While the HaCaT assay showed that DiPeP can activate keratinocytes (increased levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-1α, and ILA gene expression), in the RHE assay, DiPeP slightly increased IL-6 release. Although inconclusive for KE2, the role of DiPeP in KE3 (dendritic cell activation) was demonstrated by the increased levels of CD54 and IL-8 and TNF-α in THP-1 cells (THP-1 activation assay). Altogether, findings were inconclusive regarding the skin sensitization potential of the UVCB DiPeP—disagreeing with the results of DiPeP in the form of discrete compound (skin sensitizer by the LLNA assay). Additional studies are needed to elucidate the differences between DiPeP isomer forms, and to better understand the applicability domains of non-animal methods in identifying skin sensitization hazards of UVCB substances.
The efficacy and safety of Zuranolone for treatment of depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Fayoud Aya M. , Orebi Hisham Ahmed , Elshnoudy Iman Abdelhady , Elsebaie Mai Alaaeldin Temraz , Elewidi Mariam Mahmoud Mohamed , Sabra Hamdy Khaled 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Rationale
Zuranolone, a newly FDA-approved synthetic neurosteroid, shows promise in treating depression.

Objectives
Our aim is to evaluate Zuranolone's efficacy and safety in treating depression.

Methods
Five databases were searched until September 2023 for relevant randomized clinical trials evaluating the efficacy and safety of zuranolone. The potential risk of bias in the included trials was evaluated by the Cochrane Risk of Bias II guideline Data were extracted and pooled using Review Manager Software (RevMan 5.3).

Results
An analysis of eight studies highlights Zuranolone's efficacy in treating depression compared to placebo across most of the outcomes. Notably, the 30mg and 50mg doses demonstrated significant improvements in reducing HAM-D scores by over 50% within a 15-day follow-up (RR) of 1.46 (95% CI [1.27, 1.68], p < 0.0001) and 1.14 (95% CI [1.01, 1.3], p = 0.04). Additionally, the HAM-D ≤ 7% score analysis revealed significant enhancements with the 30mg dose over both 15-day (RR = 1.82, 95% CI [1.44, 2.31], p < 0.0001) and 45-day (RR = 1.43, 95% CI [1.16, 1.77], p = 0.0008) durations. Adverse Events Drug Discontinuation demonstrated no overall significant difference (OR = 1.33, 95% CI: [0.79, 2.23], p = 0.282). Further, specific adverse events, such as headache, showed no significant overall difference between Zuranolone and placebo (OR = 1.11, 95% CI: [0.84, 1.47], p = 0.47), with dose-dependent analysis revealing less headache in the 30 mg group.

Conclusion
Zuranolone demonstrates favorable tolerability and safety, particularly at 30mg and 50mg doses after 15 days, suggesting its potential and effective treatment for depression.
Gauge Field Marginal of an Abelian Higgs Model
Authors: Chandra Ajay , Chevyrev Ilya 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe study the gauge field marginal of an Abelian Higgs model with Villain action defined on a 2D lattice in finite volume. Our first main result, which holds for gauge theories on arbitrary finite graphs and does not assume that the structure group is Abelian, is a loop expansion of the Radon–Nikodym derivative of the law of the gauge field marginal with respect to that of the pure gauge theory. This expansion is similar to the one of Seiler (Gauge theories as a problem of constructive quantum field theory and statistical mechanics, volume 159 of lecture notes in physics, Springer, Berlin, p v+192. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-11559-5, 1982) but holds in greater generality and uses a different graph theoretic approach. Furthermore, we show ultraviolet stability for the gauge field marginal of the model in a fixed gauge. More specifically, we show that moments of the Hölder–Besov-type norms introduced in Chevyrev (Commun Math Phys 372(3):1027–1058. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00220-019-03567-5, 2019) are bounded uniformly in the lattice spacing. This latter result relies on a quantitative diamagnetic inequality that in turn follows from the loop expansion and elementary properties of Gaussian random variables.
BPS Spectra and Algebraic Solutions of Discrete Integrable Systems
Authors: Del Monte Fabrizio 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper extends the correspondence between discrete Cluster Integrable Systems and BPS spectra of five-dimensional $${\mathcal {N}}=1$$

N
=
1

QFTs on $${\mathbb {R}}^4\times S^1$$

R

4

×

S
1

by proving that algebraic solutions of the integrable systems are exact solutions for the system of TBA equations arising from the BPS spectral problem. This statement is exemplified in the case of M-theory compactifications on local del Pezzo Calabi–Yau threefolds, corresponding to q-Painlevé equations and SU(2) gauge theories with matter. A degeneration scheme is introduced, allowing to obtain closed-form expression for the BPS spectrum also in systems without algebraic solutions. By studying the example of local del Pezzo 3, it is shown that when the region in moduli space associated to an algebraic solution is a “wall of marginal stability”, the BPS spectrum contains states of arbitrarily high spin, and corresponds to a 5d uplift of a four-dimensional nonlagrangian theory.
Nonlinear Asymptotic Stability and Transition Threshold for 2D Taylor–Couette Flows in Sobolev Spaces
Authors: An Xinliang , He Taoran , Li Te 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate the stability of the 2-dimensional (2D) Taylor–Couette (TC) flow for the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations. The explicit form of velocity for 2D TC flow is given by $$u=(Ar+\frac{B}{r})(-\sin \theta , \cos \theta )^T$$

u
=

(
A
r
+

B
r

)

(
-
sin
θ
,
cos
θ
)

T

with $$(r, \theta )\in [1, R]\times \mathbb {S}^1$$

(
r
,
θ
)

∈

[
1
,
R
]

×

S

1

being an annulus and A, B being constants. Here, A, B encode the rotational effect and R is the ratio of the outer and inner radii of the annular region. Our focus is the long-term behavior of solutions around the steady 2D TC flow. While the laminar solution is known to be a global attractor for 2D channel flows and plane flows, it is unclear whether this is still true for rotating flows with curved geometries. In this article, we prove that the 2D Taylor–Couette flow is asymptotically stable, even at high Reynolds number ($$Re\sim \nu ^{-1}$$

R
e
∼

ν

-
1

), with a sharp exponential decay rate of $$\exp (-\nu ^{\frac{1}{3}}|B|^{\frac{2}{3}}R^{-2}t)$$

exp
(
-

ν

1
3

|
B

|

2
3

R

-
2

t
)

as long as the initial perturbation is less than or equal to $$\nu ^\frac{1}{2} |B|^{\frac{1}{2}}R^{-2}$$

ν

1
2

|
B
|

1
2

R

-
2

in Sobolev space. The powers of $$\nu $$
ν
and B in this decay estimate are optimal. It is derived using the method of resolvent estimates and is commonly recognized as the enhanced dissipative effect. Compared to the Couette flow, the enhanced dissipation of the rotating Taylor–Couette flow not only depends on the Reynolds number but also reflects the rotational aspect via the rotational coefficient B. The larger the |B|, the faster the long-time dissipation takes effect. We also conduct space-time estimates describing inviscid-damping mechanism in our proof. To obtain these inviscid-damping estimates, we find and construct a new set of explicit orthonormal basis of the weighted eigenfunctions for the Laplace operators corresponding to the circular flows. These provide new insights into the mathematical understanding of the 2D Taylor–Couette flows.
Rapid facial mimicry as a regulator of play in a despotic macaque species
Authors: Facondini Giulia , Pedruzzi Luca , Aere Simone , Böye Martin , Lemasson Alban , Palagi Elisabetta 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
During risky interactions like social play, motor resonance phenomena such as facial mimicry can be highly adaptive. Here, we studied Rapid Facial Mimicry (RFM, the automatic mimicking of a playmate’s facial expression, play faces) during play fighting between young rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) living in a large zoo-housed group. For the first time and in contrast to previous data on highly despotic-intolerant macaques, we found RFM to be present at high frequency in young rhesus macaques, especially when the trigger was dominant over the responder and when both players were subadults. The hierarchical modulation of RFM may be associated with the increased uncertainty and riskiness of play involving a higher-ranking playmate. This highlights the importance of mimicry in improving communication and coordination during such interactions. Interestingly, RFM prolonged playful sessions, possibly indicating a more effective fine-tuning of motor patterns. Moreover, the occurrence of RFM had an effect on shortening the latency to restart playing after a break, possibly acting as an engine to potentially maintain playmates’ arousal. When investigating if bystanders could replicate play faces emitted by the playing subjects, we failed to find RFM, thus highlighting that being directly involved in the interaction might be crucial for RFM activation in monkeys. Even though further comparative studies should investigate the role of RFM across tolerant and despotic-intolerant species, our findings offer valuable insights into the communicative and adaptive value of motor resonance phenomena in regulating social play in despotic societies.

Significance statement
In risky interactions involving competition and vigorous physical contact, such as play fighting, replicating partners’ facial expressions can serve as a strategy to convey positive mood and intentions. Here we investigated the presence and possible roles of Rapid Facial Mimicry (RFM) in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). For the first time, our study demonstrates that communicative strategies, including Rapid Facial Mimicry (RFM), can be both present and frequent in despotic-intolerant macaque species. We demonstrate that the role of mimicry not only prolongs playful interactions but can also be linked to the reinforcement and/or transmission of playful arousal. Our study shows how the adaptive value of motor resonance phenomena may have driven their evolution to cope with challenges during social interactions also for despotic-intolerant species.