bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MDSK‐Net: Multi‐scale dynamic segmentation kernel network for renal tumour endoscopic image segmentation
Authors: Jiang Minpeng , Li LeiLei , Xu Chao , Li Zhengping , Nie Chao , Zheng Tianyu , Li Longyu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAutomatic segmentation of renal tumours during renal cell carcinoma surgery can help doctors accurately locate the tumour region, protect the tissues and organs around the kidneys, enhance surgical efficiency, and reduce the possibility of leakage and misdiagnosis. However, since general polyp endoscopic image segmentation models have many problems when facing the task of renal tumour segmentation, there needs to be more research on the segmentation of endoscopic images of renal tumours. This paper proposes a multi‐scale dynamic segmentation kernel network for endoscopic image segmentation of kidney tumours. First, a spatial receptive field module is proposed to augment the feature information and improve the performance of the whole network. Second, an enhanced cross‐attention module is offered to attenuate the effect of a high‐similarity segmentation background. Finally, a multi‐scale dynamic segmentation kernel module is introduced to gradually refine the segmentation results from small to large sizes to obtain more accurate tumour boundaries. Extensive experiments on the established kidney tumour endoscopic dataset and publicly available endoscopic datasets show that this method exhibits enhanced performance and generalization capabilities compared to existing techniques. On this renal tumour dataset, MDSK‐Net achieved excellent results of 94.1% and 90.1% on mDice and mIoU.
GDB‐YOLOv5s: Improved YOLO‐based model for ship detection in SAR images
Authors: Chen Dongdong , Ju Rusheng , Tu Chuangye , Long Guangwei , Liu Xiaoyang , Liu Jiyuan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn recent years, deep learning methods were good solutions for object detection in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. However, the problems of complex scenarios, large object scale differences and imperfect fine‐grained classification in ship detection were intractable. In response, an improved model GDB‐YOLOv5s (Improved YOLOv5s model incorporating global attention mechanism (GAM), DCN‐v2 and BiFusion) is designed. This model introduces deformable convolution networks (DCN‐v2) into the Backbone to enhance the adaptability of the receptive field. It replaces the original Neck's PANet structure with a BiFusion structure to better fuse the extracted multiscale features. Additionally, it integrates GAM into the network to reduce information loss and improve global feature interaction. Experiments were conducted on single‐class dataset SSDD and multi‐class dataset SRSSD‐V1.0. The results show that the GDB‐YOLOv5s model improves mean average precision scores (mAP) significantly, outperforming the original YOLOv5s model and other traditional methods. GDB‐YOLOv5s also improves Precision‐score (P) and Recall‐score (R) for fine‐grained classification to some extent, thereby reducing false alarms and missed detections. It has been proved that the improved model is relatively effective.
Novel Approaches for the Analysis and Isolation of Benzylisoquinoline Alkaloids in Chelidonium majus
Authors: Zwerger Michael , Boeck Lynda , Manzl Julia , Schwaiger Stefan , Ganzera Markus 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBenzylisoquinoline alkaloids are the major bioactive components in Chelidonium majus, a plant that has a long usage history for the treatment of gastrointestinal ailments in European and Asian phytomedicine. This study reports on the development and application of a supercritical fluid chromatography technique for the simultaneous qualitative and quantitative determination of seven benzylisoquinoline alkaloids in under six minutes using a Viridis BEH 2-EP column and a modifier comprising methanol with 30% acetonitrile and 20 mM ammonium formate. The method was fully validated according to ICH guidelines showing, e.g., excellent linearity (≥ 0.9997) and maximum deviations for intraday and inter-day precision of 2.99 and 2.76%, respectively. The new supercritical fluid chromatography assay was not only employed for the analysis of several C. majus samples but was also used for the subsequent development of a fast centrifugal partition chromatography technique,
whereby five benzylisoquinoline alkaloids could be isolated within approximately 2.5 h, with only two of them, protopine and chelidonine, requiring an additional purification step. To achieve this, a solvent system composed of chloroform/methanol/0.3 M hydrochloric acid was used in descending mode. By injecting 500 mg of crude extract, stylopine (1.93 mg), sanguinarine (0.57 mg), chelidonine (1.29 mg), protopine (1.95 mg), and coptisine (7.13 mg) could be obtained. The purity of compounds was confirmed by supercritical fluid chromatography and MS.
Variability of Chalcone Synthase in Chamomile Accessions (Matricaria chamomilla)
Authors: Novak Melanie , Jovanovic Dijana , Novak Johannes 
Published: June 2024

AbstractChamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) is an important medicinal plant whose beneficial activities partly rely on certain flavonoids. The first dedicated step in flavonoid biosynthesis is chalcone synthase (CHS, EC 2.3.1.74). The genomic DNA of CHS was studied in six chamomile specimens from different genotypes to describe interspecimen, as well as interspecific, variability. One specimen of M. discoidea was included as an outgroup. The two exons of CHS of M. chamomilla (McCHS) and M. discoidea (MdCHS) were 188 bp and 1,011 bp long, separated by an intron of variable length between 192 and 199 bp in McCHS and 201 bp in MdCHS, respectively. The two exons with 5.3 and 6.2 mutations per 100 bp, respectively, were more conserved than the intron with 11.5 mutations per 100 bp. In total, 96 SNPs were detected in both species, of which 12 SNPs were only present in MdCHS and 80 SNPs only in McCHS. Overall, 70 haplotypes (multilocus genotypes, MLGs) were
detected. The samples could be classified into two groups, a ʼcompactʼ group of a low number and diversity of haplotypes and a ʼvariableʼ group of a high number and diversity of haplotypes. Of the 74 SNPs in McCHS, only six SNPs were non-synonymous. However, the amino acid changes did not affect critical areas of the enzyme. The combination of the six SNPs resulted in nine translated amino acid MLGs. The CHS network located MdCHS, due to the crossing barrier, quite distant from chamomile. MdCHS docked to McCHS at a position from where McCHS divergently evolved into two directions.
Flower Power: An Overview on Chemistry and Biological Impact of Selected Essential Oils from Blossoms
Authors: Prosche Sinah , Stappen Iris 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNatural raw materials such as essential oils have received more and more attention in recent decades, whether in the food industry, as flavorings and preservatives, or as insecticides and insect repellents. They are, furthermore, very popular as fragrances in perfumes, cosmetics, and household products. In addition, aromatherapy is widely used to complement conventional medicine. This review summarizes investigations on the chemical composition and the most important biological impacts of essential oils and volatile compounds extracted from selected aromatic blossoms, including Lavandula angustifolia, Matricaria recutita, Rosa x damascena, Jasminum grandiflorum, Citrus x aurantium, Cananga odorata, and Michelia alba. The literature was collected from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. Blossom essential oils discussed in this work are used in a wide variety of clinical issues. The application is consistently described as safe in studies and
meta-analyses, although there are notes that using essential oils can also have side effects, especially dermatologically. However, it can be considered as confirmed that essential oils have positive influences on humans and can improve quality of life in patients with psychiatric disorders, critically ill patients, and patients in other exceptional situations. Although the positive effect of essential oils from blossoms has repeatedly been reported, evidence-based clinical investigations are still underrepresented, and the need for research is demanded.
Application of 3Rs in Caenorhabditis elegans Research for the Identification of Health-Promoting Natural Products
Authors: Redl Martina , Shayegan Anusha , Rollinger Judith M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe average age of the population is increasing worldwide, which has a profound impact on our society. This leads to an increasing demand for medicines and requires the development of new strategies to promote health during the additional years. In the search for resources and therapeutics for improved health during an extended life span, attention has to be paid to environmental exposure and ecosystem burdens that inevitably emerge with the extended consumption of medicines and drug development, even in the preclinical stage. The hereby introduced sustainable strategy for drug discovery is built on 3Rs, “Robustness, Reliability, and saving Resources”, inspired by both the 3Rs used in animal experiments and environmental protection, and centers on the usefulness and the variety of the small model organism Caenorhabditis elegans for detecting health-promoting natural products. A workflow encompassing a multilevel screening approach is presented to
maximize the amount of information on health-promoting samples, while considering the 3Rs. A detailed, methodology- and praxis-oriented compilation and discussion of proposed C. elegans health span assays and more disease-specific assays are presented to offer guidance for scientists intending to work with C. elegans, thus facilitating the initial steps towards the integration of C. elegans assays in their laboratories.
Withanolide Profile and Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activity of Two Argentinean Jaborosa Species
Authors: Alza Natalia P. , Pferschy-Wenzig Eva M. , Kunert Olaf , Murray Ana P. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAcetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors are still an important option for managing symptoms of mild to moderate Alzheimerʼs disease. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the potential in vitro AChE inhibitory activity of two Argentinian endemic Solanaceae species, Jaborosa bergii and J. runcinata. UHPLC-DAD-HRMS metabolite profiling revealed the presence of withanolides in the active CH2Cl2 subextracts. Their fractionation led to the isolation and identification of two known spiranoid withanolides from J. runcinata and three new withanolides with a skeleton similar to that of trechonolide-type withanolides from J. bergii. The known compounds showed moderate AChE inhibitory activity, while the new ones were inactive.
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Evaluation of
Retinochoroidal Microvascular Circulation Differences in Pregnant Women with
Pregestational and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Pota Çisil Erkan , Doğan Mehmet E , Bülbül Gül Alkan , Sanhal Cem Y , Pota Ali 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose In this study, the changes in microvascular circulation caused by
pregestational and gestational diabetes were observed, without focusing on
retinal findings, to reveal the effect of diabetes regulation.
Methods A total of 135 subjects were included: 30 with gestational
diabetes (GDM), 30 pregestational diabetes (PGDM), 30 healthy pregnant
normoglycemic subjects, and 45 healthy non-pregnant subjects. All subjects were
examined by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and angiography. The retina,
retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), ganglion cell layer (GCL), choroidal thickness
(CT), superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP),
choriocapillaris (CC), vascular density (VD), and foveal avascular zone (FAZ)
areas were measured.
Results The foveal VD of SCP and DCP was significantly lower in the PGDM
and GDM groups compared to the control groups (p:0.006 and p:0.001,
respectively). CC VD was significantly higher in all pregnant groups compared to
non-pregnant controls (p<0.001). The choroidal thickness values were highest
in the healthy pregnant group and lowest in the PGDM group. There was no
significant difference in FAZ area, retina, RNFL and GCL thickness between the
groups. In the PGDM group, a negative correlation was observed between the FAZ
area and the HbA1c level (r:− 0.417, p:0.043).
Conclusion There was a decrease in vascular density in pregnant women with
diabetes compared to healthy pregnant women and controls. In the pregnant group
with PGDM, a narrowing of the FAZ area was observed with increasing worsening of
diabetes control. Diabetes type and glycemic control could influence the
microvascular changes even in the absence of clinical or retinal findings.
Toward Alleviating Clinician Documentation Burden: A Scoping Review of Burden Reduction Efforts
Authors: Sloss Elizabeth A. , Abdul Shawna , Aboagyewah Mayfair A. , Beebe Alicia , Kendle Kathleen , Marshall Kyle , Rosenbloom S. Trent , Rossetti Sarah , Grigg Aaron , Smith Kevin D. , Mishuris Rebecca G. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background Studies have shown that documentation burden experienced by clinicians may lead to less direct patient care, increased errors, and job dissatisfaction. Implementing effective strategies within health care systems to mitigate documentation burden can result in improved clinician satisfaction and more time spent with patients. However, there is a gap in the literature regarding evidence-based interventions to reduce documentation burden.
Objectives The objective of this review was to identify and comprehensively summarize the state of the science related to documentation burden reduction efforts.
Methods Following Joanna Briggs Institute Manual for Evidence Synthesis and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines, we conducted a comprehensive search of multiple databases, including PubMed, Medline, Embase, CINAHL Complete, Scopus, and Web of Science. Additionally, we searched gray literature and used Google Scholar to ensure a thorough review. Two reviewers independently screened titles and abstracts, followed by full-text review, with a third reviewer resolving any discrepancies. Data extraction was performed and a table of evidence was created.
Results A total of 34 articles were included in the review, published between 2016 and 2022, with a majority focusing on the United States. The efforts described can be categorized into medical scribes, workflow improvements, educational interventions, user-driven approaches, technology-based solutions, combination approaches, and other strategies. The outcomes of these efforts often resulted in improvements in documentation time, workflow efficiency, provider satisfaction, and patient interactions.
Conclusion This scoping review provides a comprehensive summary of health system documentation burden reduction efforts. The positive outcomes reported in the literature emphasize the potential effectiveness of these efforts. However, more research is needed to identify universally applicable best practices, and considerations should be given to the transfer of burden among members of the health care team, quality of education, clinician involvement, and evaluation methods.
Perianal Tuberculosis in an Immunocompetent Patient: Exploring the Uncommon Manifestation
Authors: Ferreira Ana Rita , Pereira Hugo , Castro Bárbara , Ferreira Joana , Esteves Joana , Pereira Bela , Vale Sílvio , Oliveira Manuel 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAs it is an infrequent etiology, the diagnosis of perianal tuberculosis is challenging, especially in the absence of a pulmonary focus. TB should be considered in the differential diagnosis of perianal ulcers, fistulas, abscesses, mainly in non-healing and recurrent anal lesions. Treatment with anti-TB agents can provide complete recovery. Furthermore, these lesions are often diagnosed later after complete histopathological and mycobacterial results, where the benefit of avoiding morbid multiple surgeries by effective anti-TB treatment is lost.We reported a rare case of an immuno-competent patient with perianal TB, which was the first manifestation of the disease. A fit-and-well man in his 20s presented a large perianal abscess. Unexpectedly, his chest X-ray showed a rounded hyper-transparency in the left lung. The abscess was drained. Posterior investigation with culture analysis from pus swabs and sputum revealed the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex infection. After completing the 6 months of oral administration of anti-TB drugs, the patient was asymptomatic.By highlighting this unusual manifestation, we aim to improve clinicians' awareness of perianal TB, facilitating early recognition and appropriate management.
Medical Illustration - A Pictorial Essay Visual Illustration of Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injuries (OASIS) Degrees of Severity, a Picture is Worth a Thousand Words
Authors: Abdulrahman Abdugadir M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObstetric anal sphincter injury affects about 5.7% of primiparous women who deliver vaginally. Perineal injury during childbirth is a common event with important morbidity associated with third-and-fourth degree perineal tears (also referred to as obstetric anal sphincter injuries—OASIS). As there was a lack of consistency in the classification of a partial anal sphincter injury, with up to 33% of consultant obstetricians classifying a complete or partial tear of the EAS as a second-degree tear. We have proposed simple, digital diagrammatic drawings to visually represent all degrees (grades) of OASIS based on the WHO OASIS classification.
Tangible traces of language ideologies
Authors: Baiwir Esther , Berns Janine , Steffens Marie 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
As the last issue of the Belgian Journal of Linguistics (BJL), this volume delves into linguistic ideologies. Language usage and the evaluations we make about it are intricately intertwined: even in the absence of visual cues of the speaker or writer, we intuitively develop perceptions about the sociolinguistic context of our interlocutor. The language employed often offers subtle hints about their age, gender, or social and regional origins. Particularly in spoken discourse, we find ourselves assessing not just their accent, but also forming impressions about the individual’s likability, perceived arrogance or intelligence, and various other attributes. Similar to its predecessors spanning 36 volumes, the content of this ultimate issue of the BJL is diverse, encompassing historical sources that shed light on language ideologies of bygone eras, insights from the language classroom, and perspectives from everyday language users.
The native speaker ideal in FL pronunciation teaching practice
Authors: Berns Janine , van Vuuren Sanne 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Language teaching practice is known to come with more or less implicit views on what ‘good pronunciation’ sounds
like. However, over the past decades, frameworks such as the communicative approach to language learning and the wish for social
inclusion have led to a gradual shift in normative thinking, with intelligibility becoming increasingly valued over the
acquisition of a native-like accent, especially at lower levels of proficiency. This contribution traces the evolution of
pronunciation norms, ideologies and teaching practices for French and English. We zoom in on the past 150 years, a period in which
the relative importance of English and French in international communication was gradually reversed and foreign language learning
became a school subject, readily accessible to all pupils. We will supplement our historical overview by an exploratory
investigation of current foreign MA foreign language teacher trainees’ experiences and attitudes. While a near-native accent is
still seen as a sign of academic success for language students, this new generation of language professionals is very much aware
of the fact that pupils who start learning languages in secondary school should first and foremost be sensitized to the target
language pronunciation in a safe environment, with feasible and communicatively-relevant norms.
Trends in cognitive-linguistic research on metonymy
Authors: Barcelona Antonio 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This article is a brief introduction to the theory of conceptual metonymy and a brief survey of research on this
area. The first section presents the cognitive-linguistic notion of metonymy, including a discussion of the various problematic
aspects of this notion. This is followed by a longer section illustrating some of the main types of metonymies. The section
devoted to the ubiquity of metonymy surveys research on its involvement in cognition, grammatical meaning and form, pragmatic
inferencing and discourse, linguistic change, and non-linguistic areas like art and gesture; it ends with a brief note on
metonymic triggers and chains, and on its multilevel operation. The chapter ends with a reflection on future directions.
Concepts that fit in a (Roman) hand
Authors: Tur Cristina 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The Roman author Lucius Anneus Seneca (4 BC–65 AC), the main representative of Stoic philosophy in Latin
literature, wrote several tragedies in verse in which the Latin noun manus ‘hand’ has a remarkable incidence,
almost doubling the occurrence of other terms more related to tragic themes, such as scelus ‘crime’ or
mors ‘death’. This paper is based on the hypothesis that this high frequency is linked to the concept of
embodiment as well as on the metonymies and metaphors used in Seneca’s figurative language to encode abstract concepts. The
occurrences of the term manus in a corpus composed of Seneca’s dramatic and philosophical texts have been
analysed, paying attention to the metonymic and metaphorical contexts where it appears. As a result, it has been observed that
this word can refer to multiple realities such as individuals, actions, identity, control, or power.
Metaphorical and non-metaphorical meaning from spatial relations
Authors: Falck Marlene Johansson , Okonski Lacey 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Speakers regularly use their experiences of spatial relations to construe linguistic meaning in metaphorical and
non-metaphorical ways. Still, we have yet to identify the meaning-bearing functions that different spatial relations commonly
serve. This paper focuses on into relations. Using data from the Corpus of Contemporary American English, we apply an Embodied
Scenes approach to identify the categories of concepts that are regularly construed with ‘into relations’1 and the actions that are commonly involved. More generally, we aim to show how spatial metaphors can be
systematically studied by investigating the collocates of prepositions and prepositional constructions.
Morphosyntactic retention and innovation in Sheng, a youth language or stylect of Kenya
Authors: Gibson Hannah , Githiora Chege , Kanana Erastus Fridah , Marten Lutz 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This paper examines the morphosyntax of the East African Swahili-based urban youth language or stylect Sheng.
Research on urban youth languages has often focused on these varieties as sites of rapid change and linguistic creativity.
However, we show that many of the structural features which appear to make Sheng stand out when compared to (Standard) Swahili are
widespread across East African Bantu languages. We examine nominal and verbal domains, as well as clausal syntax, and highlight
areas in which Sheng exhibits features in common with its contact languages, as well as features which appear to reflect instances
of independent innovation. The study shows that Sheng is not a “simplified” version of Swahili which deviates from the grammar of
Swahili in a range of ad hoc ways. Rather, the language exhibits features of retention and contact-induced borrowing, as well as
systematic changes which are reflective of variation across the Bantu languages.