bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A New Species of Saphonecrus (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea) Associated with Plant Galls on Castanopsis (Fagaceae) in China
Authors: Liu Zhiwei , Yang Xiao-Hui , Zhu Dao-Hong , He Yi-Yuan 
Published: July 2012

AbstractA new cynipid species, Saphonecrus hupingshanensis Liu, Yang, et Zhu, sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini), is described from China. This is the first species of the inquilinous tribe Synergini ever known to have an association with chinquapins (Fagaceae: Castanopsis). The biology and implication to species diversity of Cynipidae in eastern and southeast Asia are discussed.
Microstructure – wear performance relationship of hypoeutectic 15% Cr-2% Mo white iron
Authors: Reda Reham , Nofal Adel A. , Ibrahim Khaled M. , Hussien Abdel-Hamid A. 
Published: July 2012

Abstract
This research studies the effect of dynamic solidification, niobium addition, and their combined action on the as-cast structure and mechanical properties of hypoeutectic 15% Cr-2% Mo white cast irons containing 2.5% C. The effect of heat treatment at different tempering temperatures was also studied. Investigations were performed by means of image analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Abrasion resistance and impact toughness tests were performed. Fracture and worn surfaces were studied. Results show that optimized abrasion resistance and impact toughness can be achieved in a homogeneous microstructure consisting of hard, fine, and non-interconnected carbides in a matrix that has a high fraction of metastable austenite.
The enhancement of wear properties of squeeze-cast A356 composites reinforced with B4C particulates
Authors: Mazahery Ali , Shabani Mohsen Ostad 
Published: July 2012

Abstract
In the present study, squeeze-cast A356 matrix composites reinforced with B4C particles were prepared and different volume fractions of B4C particles of various sizes were incorporated into the aluminum alloy by a mechanical stirrer.
Wear properties of the unreinforced alloy and composites with different vol.% of boron carbide particles were measured and compared. It is noted that composites exhibit better wear resistance compared to the unreinforced alloy. According to the differences in wear rates of the composites, two separate wear-rate regimes were identified as low- and high-wear-rate regimes.
It is observed that all the composite samples reinforced with 1 μm B4C particles show high wear-rate, regardless of the particle volume fraction. However, none of the samples containing 50 μm particles display this type of wear regime. Microscopic examination using a scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy-dispersive spectrometer, was carried out on the worn surfaces, subsurfaces, and debris. Rough and smooth regions are distinguished on the worn surface of the composites similar to the unreinforced alloy.
Structural and optical investigation of gadolinia-doped ceria powders prepared by polymer complex solution method
Authors: Antić Željka , Krsmanović Radenka M. , Marinović-Cincović Milena , Mitrić Miodrag , Dramićanin Miroslav D. 
Published: July 2012

Abstract
We present a polymer complex solution method using a modified combustion synthesis procedure, for the production of well crystalline, sub-micron gadolinia-doped ceria powders of Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95 composition. Polyethylene glycol of two different molecular weights (200 and 20000) was used as both fuel for the combustion and nucleating agent for the crystallization process. The synthesized materials were characterized using X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and optical and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The powders are quite similar, fully crystallized in a cubic fluorite-type phase with average crystallite size of about 70 nm and average particle size in the range 220–240 nm. UV-vis absorption spectra show the absorption edge at 3.26 eV. The presence of oxygen vacancies, confirmed indirectly by clear violet emission observed at 428 nm, originated from the 5D1 → 4F1 transition of Ce3+ions.
Performance of Some Introduced Hybrid Cotton (<i>Gossypium hirsutum</i>) Varieties in Bangladesh
Authors: Ali M. M. A. , Begum S. , Uddin M. F. , Azad M. A. K. , Sharmeen F. 
Published: July 2012

An experiment was conducted at the Regional Cotton Research Farm, Jagadishpur, Jessore during 2009-10 to evaluate six cotton varieties. Among them, four were hybrid cotton varieties and another two were inbreeds taken as control. Significant differences were found among the varieties for all traits except number of plants/ha and plant height at harvest. Hybrid variety SSC-3 performed well in terms of seed cotton yield (3570.33 kg/ha), lint yield (1404 kg/ha) and ginning out turn (GOT) percentage (43.83%). The highest 2.5% span length (31.44 mm) was found in hybrid HSC-4 and the lowest micronaire value of 3.87 mµ was found in hybrid SSC-2.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v10i1.11059The Agriculturists 2012; 10(1): 10-15
Impact of Price and Price Variability on Acreage Allocation in Rice and Wheat Production in Bangladesh
Authors: Barmon Basanta Kumar , Chaudhury Muntasir 
Published: July 2012

The present study was conducted to estimate the impacts of price and price variability on acreage allocation of rice and wheat production in Bangladesh. Time series data of price and acreage allocation of rice and wheat production during 1983-84 to 2007-08, collected from Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS) were used in this study. Compound growth rate and Nerlovian models were used. The study indicated that the wholesale price of rice and wheat had significant impact on the allocation of land for rice and wheat production. Significant price variability was found both in case of rice and wheat crop in short-run (SR) and long-run (LR). The values of Nerlovian coefficients of adjustment were found low, which means that although the farmers were adjusting to the changing levels of price, price variability, yield, etc the adjustment was not rapid. Therefore, it may be concluded that the price of rice and wheat should be adjusted rapidly along with allocation of rice and wheat production in Bangladesh.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v10i1.11061The Agriculturists 2012; 10(1): 23-30
Status of Internet use for Higher Education and Research in Agricultural Sciences
Authors: Zaman M. A. , Hossain S. M. Iqbal 
Published: July 2012

A study was conducted to explore the role of internet on higher education and research at two selected public universities in Bangladesh, which offer courses on Agricultural Sciences. One hundred and fifty eight teachers and 79 post-graduate students were interviewed based on questionnaires. It was found that 90.8% teachers had internet connectivity and they used internet on regular basis to search relevant websites and download the selected course contents. All the teachers agreed that adequate and reliable information on different topics of Agricultural Sciences can be obtained through internet, which can be used for academic and research purposes. Use of internet by the students is being gradually increased in public universities. The universities are expanding the internet facilities to increase services to the teaching and learning communities. Digitization of libraries and internet links between the public universities libraries are in progress. It is expected that the use of internet would bring significant changes in higher education and research systems of developing nations and the institutions of higher education would attain a global standard. Development of education in these countries are badly influenced by limited resource and poor finance.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v10i1.11063The Agriculturists 2012; 10(1): 38-45
Genetic Diversity in Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) Inbred Lines
Authors: Azad M. A. K. , Biswas B. K. , Alam N. , Alam Sk. S. 
Published: July 2012

Thirty yellow inbred lines of normal maize were evaluated for thirteen parameters at the experimental field of Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University during 2010-11 to study the genetic divergence using multivariate analysis. The thirty inbreds fell into six distinct clusters. The intra-cluster distances in all the six clusters were more or less low, indicating that the genotypes within the same cluster were closely related. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster I and cluster IV and the lowest between the cluster II and III. The cluster V and cluster IV contained the highest (9) and lowest (1) number of genotypes, respectively. Cluster VI showed the highest mean values for kernel yield and all the yield contributing traits except days to 50% tasseling and 50% silking. Cluster II had the lowest mean values for ear height and ear length. Days to maturity and ear diameter showed maximum contribution towards total divergence among different characters. Based on medium to high inter-cluster distances, six inbred lines viz. ML06, ML10, ML14, MK19, ML25 and ML26 were selected for hybrid program. Development of hybrids utilizing these genotypes has the chance to obtain higher heterosis with high performing crosses.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v10i1.11066The Agriculturists 2012; 10(1): 64-70
Economic Evaluation and Yield Performance of Some Medicinal Plants in Coconut Based Multistoried Agroforestry Systems
Authors: Bari M. S. , Rahim M. A. 
Published: July 2012

An experiment was conducted at the existing multistoried coconut orchard of the Horticulture Farm of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to investigate the performance of three medicinal plants viz. aloe vera (Aloe indica), asparagus (Asparagus racemosus) and misridana (Kaempferia angustifolia) in coconut based multistoried agroforestry system (MAF) during March 2005 to March 2007. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with five replications. Three treatments combinations were: T1- coconut + guava + individual three medicinal plant based agroforestry system, T2- coconut + lemon + individual three medicinal plant based agroforestry system, and T3- individual three medicinal plants in open condition. In the open condition, T3 received 100% sunlight; while coconut + guava based system (T1) and coconut + lemon based system (T2) were allowed 42 to 46% and 53 to 58% sunlight for the growth of the three medicinal plants, respectively. Coconut trees were planted thirty years before (August, 1978) in the spacing of 8m x 8m. As the middle layer plant, both guava and lemon were five years old. Spacing between plants of guava and/or lemon and between rows were 3m ´ 3m. The result showed that multistoried agroforestry systems resulted significant influence on yield and yield attributing parameters of the three medicinal plants. The results also revealed that among the three medicinal plants, asparagus and misridana produced maximum yield under MAF, while aloe vera yielded maximum in sole cropping. Despite of lower yields of aloe vera, the highest gross returns were observed under coconut based multistoried agroforestry systems compared to sole cropping. It was due to the substantial additional contribution by coconut, guava and lemon fruits in MAF, while extra benefit was absent under sole cropping condition. Moreover, between the two different combinations of coconut based multistoried agroforestry systems, the highest benefit cost ratio (BCR) was recorded from the coconut+guava based MAF (T1).DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v10i1.11067The Agriculturists 2012; 10(1): 71-80
<i>Agrobacterium</i>-mediated Genetic Transformation of Potato (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i> L.) var. Cardinal and Heera
Authors: Khatun A. , Hasan M. M. , Bachchu M. A. A. , Moniruzzaman M. , Nasiruddin K. M. 
Published: July 2012

Two potato varieties namely Cardinal and Heera were used in the Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation experiment to investigate the genetic transformation ability in the Biotechnology laboratory of the Department of Biotechnology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh during 2006 to 2007. Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA 4404 having a binary vector pB1121 of 14 KDa containing selectable marker gene npt II (neomycine phosphotransferase II) conferring kanamycin resistance, and the CIPK antisense gene encoding calcineurin B-like protein were used. Leaf and internodes were used as explants. Expression of the transgene (GUS) was confirmed by histochemical analysis. The variety Cardinal was found more suitable for expressing best GUS response (80% GUS positive) over Heera.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v10i1.11068The Agriculturists 2012; 10(1): 81-86
Effects of Drying Parameters on Dehydration of Green Banana (<i>Musa sepientum</i>) and its Use in Potato (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i>) Chips Formulation
Authors: Islam M. S. , Haque M. A. , Islam M. N. 
Published: July 2012

The present study quantifies the drying kinetics of green banana during mechanical dehydration. The effect of loading density (sample thickness) and the temperature on the drying rate constant and drying time were investigated and quantified. Drying rate increased with increasing temperature but decreased with increase in loading density. The values of exponent n of the two parameters power law model describing the drying rate constant (as a function of thickness) were less than 2 which indicated the presence of significant external resistance to mass transfer despite the dominance of internal mass transfer resistance. Investigation with three drying air temperatures (55, 60 and 65oC) at constant air velocity (0.6 m/sec) resulted that the increase in drying air temperature increased the drying process. The moisture diffusivity values were 1.25×10-10, 1.67×10-10 and 2.19×10-10 m2/sec at 55, 60 and 65oC respectively. The activation energy (Ea) indicating the temperature dependence of the diffusivity was 51.21 KJ/mole obtained using Arrhenius model. Mixing of green banana flour in the potato chips formulation enhanced the fiber and mineral content in the product.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v10i1.11069The Agriculturists 2012; 10(1): 87-97
Household Food Security Status of Marginal Farmers in Selected Storm Surge Prone Coastal Area of Bangladesh
Authors: Uddin Md. Ektear 
Published: July 2012

The objective of the study was to understand and describe the household food security status of the marginal farmers in a selected storm surge prone coastal area of Bangladesh. The study also assessed the extent of livelihood vulnerability and coping strategies of the storm surge affected marginal farmers. To collect data from the 30 randomly selected respondents a pre-tested structured interview schedule was administered during 01 to 10 October 2010. The finding reveals that maximum marginal farmers were food insecured (56.67%), while 30% were moderately food secured and only 13% were food secured. Though adequate food was available in local markets those were beyond affordability. The partial food security was due to poor food utilization in marginal farmers family. The most three vulnerable options of livelihood for the marginal farmers were crop farming, fish farming and livestock farming. The respondent farmers adopted six self coping strategies and three assisted coping strategies to cope with the vulnerability and food insecurity. The self coping strategies were decreasing the number and size of daily meals, consumption of wild food, selling labour at very low rate, selling fixed and movable household assets, contracting new loan at a high interest rate and cultivation of short duration crop. On the other hand, assisted coping strategies include relief food, social network and begging.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v10i1.11070The Agriculturists 2012; 10(1): 98-103
A Spinasteryl Glycoside from Ipomoea turpethum L. Herb (Stem) Growing in Bangladesh
Authors: Or Rashid Md Harun , Gafur Md Abdul , Sarker Md Moklesur Rahman , Karim Nurul 
Published: July 2012

Chromatographic purification and spectroscopic analysis of the constituents from the stem extract of Ipomoea turpethum L. reported 22, 23-dihydro-?-spinasteryl-?-D glucoside (H-1) in addition to salicylic acid and N-p-comaryltyramine. The structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis including 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR, 1H-1H COSY, 1H-13C COSY, HMQC, HMBC, UV and IR spectroscopy. 22, 23-dihydro-?-spinasteryl-?-D-glucoside is first reported from Ipomoea turpethum. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v36i1.10906 Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 36, No. 1, 13-17, 2012
Background Chemical Study of Relocated Hazaribagh Tannery Complex Environment, Savar
Authors: Jolly YN , Choudhury TR , Islam A , Suravi NI , Sultana MS 
Published: July 2012

A background study of the chemical constituents of some environmental samples - tannery complex sand, river water, river sediment and river fishes collected from the Relocated Hazaribagh Tannery Complex (RHTC) area, was carried out. In sand samples the mean values for pH, EC and soluble salts were found to be 8.49, 0.02 mS/cm and 11.72 mg/kg and the mean concentrations of elements K, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, Co, Zn, As, Pb, Rb and Sr were 94.8, 68.5, 16.6, 2.68, 129, 1.19, 0.23, 0.70, 0.32, 0.62 and 1.03 mg/kg, respectively. In river water samples the average concentrations of K, Ca, Mn, Fe, Zn, As, Rb, Sr, SO 4 -2, PO4 -3, Cl-1 and NO3 -1 were 13.09, 178, 0.41, 1.82, 0.073, 0.031, 0.010, 0.48, 0.057, 0.019, 15.6, 5.68 mg/l and the average values for pH, EC, DO, BOD, SS and DS were 8.02 and 0.35 mS/cm, 6.29, 4.21, 0.06, 0.36 mg/l, respectively. The elements K, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Rb, Sr and Pb were measured in river sediment samples at the limit of 205, 155, 67, 6.02, 17.2, 798, 1.10, 1.24, 1.99, 0.31, 2.34, 2.63 and 0.35 mg/kg, respectively. In some locally available fishes like tengra, puti, baim, taki, shrimp, chanda and baila, only the elements K, Ca, Fe, Zn, Rb and Sr could be measured in all species of fishes in the range of 0.39 - 1.01, 0.68 - 2.29, 60.6 - 125, 46.3 - 174, 2.84 - 61.8 and 12.3 - 38.0% in mg/kg, respectively. In the light of the overall study, the chemical constituent levels of the environmental samples of the RHTC area at present are low and the environment is not yet contaminated. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v36i1.10919Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 36, No. 1, 45-51, 2012
Effects of Injury by a Pyralid Insect Pest on Duckweed Growth and Productivity in Minipond Ecosystem
Authors: Parven N , Bashar MA , Chowdhury MAK , Quraishi SB 
Published: July 2012

The strategic points of a pyralid insect, Synclita occidentalis (Pylralidae, Lepidoptera) on duckweed productivity, life cycle and its association with duckweed (host-plant) in pond ecosystem was studied. A total of 16 samples were used to study the infestation intensity and the impact of pest on duckweed production. The insect was found deeply associated with duckweed to complete its life cycle. The pyralid insect attains its pest status at larval stage and continues up-to the pupal stage. Larval and pupal case-making and feeding adaptations were noted as the characteristic nature of injury. The larvae build case with duckweed fronds and roots and use duckweed fronds that failed to multiply further. The crop of larva was the largest and widest part of the alimentary canal and varied exceedingly along with larval category. The experimental result indicated that pest impact in two different experimental miniponds was different in quantities but similar in mode of action. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v36i1.10920 Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 36, No. 1, 53-59, 2012
Frequency of Vibrio cholerae in the Water and Plankton Samples of South- Western Coastal Aquatic Habitats of Bangladesh
Authors: Haque Md Mansurul , Alam Munirul , Salam Abdus 
Published: July 2012

Monthly environmental surveillance was carried out for three consecutive years in the coastal aquatic habitats of Mathbaria, with a view to assessing the culturability and abundance of V. cholerae. The study revealed that 93 samples (29%) out of 324 were positive for V. cholerae O1 on TCBS and TTGA culture media but no sample was found positive for V. cholerae O139 in the same culture media. On the other hand, all the water and plankton samples were found positive for V. cholerae O1 and O139 in DFA counting technique. Similarly, V. cholerae non-O1 and non- O139 were detected from all samples through culture methods throughout the investigation period. V. cholerae O139 has been found to be absolutely non-responsive to artificial enrichment and culture media with the advancement of time. Therefore, water and plankton samples can also be concluded to be the additional reservoir of V. cholerae DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v36i1.10922 Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 36, No. 1, 71-78, 2012
Optical and Transport Properties of p-Type GaAs
Authors: Sharmin Mehnaz , Choudhury Shamima , Akhtar Nasrin , Begum Tahmina 
Published: July 2012

Electrical properties such as electrical resistivity, Hall coefficient, Hall mobility, carrier concentration of p-type GaAs samples were studied at room temperature (300 K). Resistivity was found to be of the order of 5.6 × 10-3?-cm. The Hall coefficient (RH) was calculated to be 7.69 × 10-1cm3/C and Hall mobility (?H) was found to be 131cm2/V-s at room temperature from Hall effect measurements. Carrier concentration was estimated to be 8.12 × 1018/cm3 and the Fermi level was calculated directly from carrier density data which was 0.33 eV. Photoconductivity measurements were carried on by varying sample current, light intensity and temperature at constant chopping frequency 45.60 Hz in all the cases mentioned above. It was observed that within the range of sample current 0.1 - 0.25mA photoconductivity remains almost constant at room temperature 300K and it was found to be varying non-linearly with light intensity within the range 37 - 12780 lux. Photoconductivity was observed to be increasing linearly with temperature between 308 and 428 K. Absorption coefficient (?) of the samples has been studied with variation of wavelength (300 - 2500 nm). The value of optical band gap energy was calculated between 1.34 and 1.41eV for the material from the graph of (?h?)2 plotted against photon energy. The value of lattice parameter (a) was found to be 5.651 by implying X-ray diffraction method (XRD).DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v36i1.10926Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 36, No. 1, 97-107, 2012
Detection of Virulence Potential of Diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli Isolated from Surface Water of Rivers Surrounding Dhaka City
Authors: Munshi Saurab Kishore , Rahman M Majibur , Noor Rashed 
Published: July 2012

A total of 21 isolates were included randomly on the basis of their initial identification by the appearance of metallic sheen and from the biochemical traits to detect virulent markers of diarrhoeagenic E. Coli isolated from surface water. The antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the isolates were determined against six most commonly used antibiotics. About 52% of the isolates showed resistance to at least one of the antibiotics. About 38% of the isolates were resistant to more than one antibiotics. However, all the isolates were sensitive to gentamicin (CN). Among the 21 isolates, a total of 5 randomly selected isolates were examined for the detection of virulent genes (elt, est and stx) by PCR based method. Among the 5 tested isolates, 3 harbored the gene stx encoding Shiga toxin (Stx) and 2 to elt encoding heat-labile enterotoxin (LT). None of the isolates contained est encoding heat-stable enterotoxin (ST). Data revealed that as the virulent marker genes were detected, diarrhoeagenic E. coli strains present in the surface water would become a major public health concern. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v36i1.10927 Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 36, No. 1, 109-121, 2012