bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Algebraic Characterizations for Universal Fragments of Logic
Authors: Elgueta Raimon 
Published: November 2010

AbstractIn this paper we address our efforts to extend the well‐known connection in equational logic between equational theories and fully invariant congruences to other–possibly infinitary–logics. In the special case of algebras, this problem has been formerly treated by H. J. Hoehnke [10] and R. W. Quackenbush [14]. Here we show that the connection extends at least up to the universal fragment of logic. Namely, we establish that the concept of (infinitary) universal theory matches the abstract notion of fully invariant system. We also prove that, inside this wide group of theories, the ones which are strict universal Horn correspond to fully invariant closure systems, whereas those which are universal atomic can be characterized as principal fully invariant systems.
Self‐similar structure on intersection of homogeneous symmetric Cantor sets
Authors: Li Wenxia , Yao Yuanyuan , Zhang Yunxiu 
Published: November 2010

AbstractFor a homogeneous symmetric Cantor set C, we consider all real numbers tsuch that the intersection C∩(C + t)is a self‐similar set and investigate the form of the corresponding iterated function systems. © 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
Distance geometry in quasihypermetric spaces. II
Authors: Nickolas Peter , Wolf Reinhard 
Published: November 2010

AbstractLet (X, d) be a compact metric space and let ${\cal M}(X)$ denote the space of all finite signed Borel measures on X. Define \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$I :{\cal M}(X)\rightarrow {\mathbb R}$\end{document} by I(μ) = ∫X∫Xd(x, y) dμ(x)dμ(y), and set $M(X) = \sup I(\mu)$, where μ ranges over the collection of signed measures in ${\cal M}(X)$ of total mass 1. This paper, with an earlier and a subsequent paper [Peter Nickolas and Reinhard Wolf, Distance geometry in quasihypermetric spaces. I and III], investigates the geometric constant M(X) and its relationship to the metric properties of X and the functional‐analytic properties of a certain subspace of ${\cal M}(X)$ when equipped with a natural semi‐inner product. Using the work of the earlier paper, this paper explores measures which attain the supremum defining M(X), sequences of measures which approximate the supremum when the supremum is not attained and conditions implying or equivalent to the finiteness of M(X). © 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
Stochastic Proximity Embedding: Methods and Applications
Authors: Agrafiotis Dimitris K. , Xu Huafeng , Zhu Fangqiang , Bandyopadhyay Deepak , Liu Pu 
Published: November 2010

AbstractSince its inception in 1996, the stochastic proximity embedding (SPE) algorithm and its variants have been applied to a wide range of problems in computational chemistry and biology with notable success. At its core, SPE attempts to generate Euclidean coordinates for a set of points so that they satisfy a prescribed set of geometric constraints. The algorithm’s appeal rests on three factors: 1) its conceptual and programmatic simplicity; 2) its superior speed and scaling properties; and 3) its broad applicability. Here, we review some of the key applications, outline known limitations and ways to circumvent them, and highlight additional problem domains where the use of this technique could lead to significant breakthroughs.
Can modifications to the bedroom environment improve the sleep of new parents? Two randomized controlled trials
Authors: Lee Kathryn A. , Gay Caryl L. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractPostpartum sleep disruption is common among new parents. In this randomized controlled trial we evaluated a modified sleep hygiene intervention for new parents (infant proximity, noise masking, and dim lighting) in anticipation of night‐time infant care. Two samples of new mothers (n = 118 and 122) were randomized to the experimental intervention or attention control, and sleep was assessed in late pregnancy and first 3 months postpartum using actigraphy and the General Sleep Disturbance Scale. The sleep hygiene strategies evaluated did not benefit the more socioeconomically advantaged women or their partners in Sample 1, but did improve postpartum sleep among the less advantaged women of Sample 2. Simple changes to the bedroom environment can improve sleep for new mothers with few resources. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 34:7–19, 2011
Do motor vehicle advertisements that promote vehicle performance attributes also promote undesirable driving behaviour?
Authors: Donovan Robert John , Fielder Lynda , Ouschan Robyn 
Published: November 2010

Abstract

In response to concerns that motor vehicle advertising may have a negative influence on audiences' driving attitudes, many countries have adopted Codes of Ethics with respect to motor vehicle advertising. Most Codes restrict explicit depictions relating to power, speed and acceleration but do not necessarily identify when advertisements implicitly communicate these and other undesired messages about unsafe driving behaviours. We selected three motor vehicle advertisements containing depictions of vehicular behaviour such as fast driving and rapid acceleration that had been the subject of complaints to the Australian Advertising Standards Board. We exposed these advertisements to n = 463 14–55 year olds. All three advertisements were found to promote positive expectancies about undesirable driving behaviours. These data confirm the rationale for motor vehicle advertising Codes but identify faults in applying the Codes; namely that the Advertising Standards Board upheld complaints about only one of the advertisements whereas viewer perceptions indicate that all three breached the Australian Code. There is a need to include mechanisms other than simple observation to assess whether undesirable messages are being communicated in motor vehicle advertisements.
Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Anti‐cancer effect of bee venom in prostate cancer cells through activation of caspase pathway via inactivation of NF‐κB
Authors: Park Mi Hee , Choi Myoung Suk , Kwak Dong Hoon , Oh Ki‐Wan , Yoon Do Young , Han Sang Bae , Song Ho Sueb , Song Min Jong , Hong Jin Tae 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBACKGROUNDBee venom has been used as a traditional medicine to treat arthritis, rheumatism, back pain, cancerous tumors, and skin diseases. However, the effects of bee venom on the prostate cancer and their action mechanisms have not been reported yet.METHODS To determine the effect of bee venom and its major component, melittin on the prostate cancer cells, apoptosis is analyzed by tunnel assay and apoptotic gene expression. For xenograft studies, bee venom was administrated intraperitoneally twice per week for 4 weeks, and the tumor growth was measured and the tumor were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. To investigate whether bee venom and melittin can inactivate nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB), we assessed NF‐κB activity in vitro and in vivo.RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONSBee venom (1–10 µg/ml) and melittin (0.5–2.5 µg/ml) inhibited cancer cell growth through induction of apoptotic cell death in LNCaP, DU145, and PC‐3 human prostate cancer cells. These effects were mediated by the suppression of constitutively activated NF‐κB. Bee venom and melittin decreased anti‐apoptotic proteins but induced pro‐apoptotic proteins. However, pan caspase inhibitor abolished bee venom and melittin‐induced apoptotic cell death and NF‐κB inactivation. Bee venom (3–6 mg/kg) administration to nude mice implanted with PC‐3 cells resulted in inhibition of tumor growth and activity of NF‐κB accompanied with apoptotic cell death. Therefore, these results indicated that bee venom and melittin could inhibit prostate cancer in in vitro and in vivo, and these effects may be related to NF‐κB/caspase signal mediated induction of apoptotic cell death. Prostate 71:801–812, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Histopathologic changes in rat kidneys exposed to acute and chronic immobilization stress
Authors: Vesna Stojanovic , Nada Vuckovic , Nenad Barisic , Aleksandra Doronjski 
Published: November 2010

AbstractAim of this study was to detect and quantify histological changes in kidneys after exposure to acute and chronic stress. Rats were divided into the groups consisting of 12 animals: control group—freely moving (unstressed); rats subjected to immobilization for 2  h; rats subjected to repeated 2  h immobilization for ten consecutive days; rats subjected to repeated 2  h immobilization for two consecutive days. Eight features of histopathological damage were scored on normal (0) to severe (4) scale. Changes occured in the kidneys during both, acute and chronic stress. The most common type of degeneration is ‘cloudy swelling’ in epithelial cells of proximal and distal tubules and interstitial edema. Chronic stress induces more prominent changes, which inflict more glomeruls than acute stress. Acute and repetitive stress induces mild or moderate histopathologic changes in kidneys. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Strangers in a familiar land: the psychological consequences of internal migration in a developing country
Authors: Pyakuryal Amod , Tausig Mark , Subedi Sree , Subedi Janardan 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThere is still much that we do not know about the effects of international migration on mental health, but we know even less about the mental health consequences of rural‐to‐urban migration. This may be particularly important in developing countries where the health of internal migrating populations may affect economic development. We use a large representative sample of adults residing in Kathmandu, Nepal to investigate the utility of a stress process model for understanding the mental health effects of rural‐to‐urban migration. Because our sample contains both migrants and non‐migrants, we are able to compare the importance of stressors common to all urban dwellers and those specific to migrants (i.e. acculturation stressors) as they affect the well‐being of urban residents. Results show that acculturation‐related stressors and social support problems are less salient for explaining distress and mental health symptoms than common stressors and social support problems. Migrants do face more chronic stressors, have more social support problems and report higher levels of distress and symptoms. We speculate that this has more to do with the social inequality that results from migration than with specific migration‐related stressors or loss of social resources. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Consistent‐sufficient sleep predicts improvements in self‐regulatory performance and psychological strain
Authors: Barber Larissa K. , Munz David C. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractSleep may have psychological implications for the stress process because of its effect on self‐regulatory functioning. This study explored the psychological benefits of sleep using an integrated self‐regulatory strength model, which includes resource enhancement in addition to resource replenishment. Combined with the restorative effects of sufficient sleep duration, prolonged consistent sleep practices may build self‐regulatory capacity via exercising self‐control. The proposed sleep sufficiency–consistency interaction predicted improvements in self‐regulatory performance and psychological strain over the course of 5 days. Only consistent–sufficient sleepers experienced an increase in self‐regulatory performance and a decrease in strain. Changes in self‐regulatory strength also predicted changes in strain during the week, rather than the reverse. These findings were robust even when controlling for confounding factors related to dispositional factors, circadian rhythm disruption, typical sleep hygiene, health behaviours and stressors. Much like other routine activities that have shown to increase self‐regulatory strength, continued explorations into the potential resource enhancement aspect of consistent sleep may be a promising topic for stress management research. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Zur Bestimmung reeller Nullstellen von reellen Funktionen einer Variablen
Authors: Pflanz Erwin 
Published: November 2010

AbstractObere und untere Schranken für eine Nullstelle x* einer Funktion y=f(x) kann man—Monotonie der Ableitung f(N)(x) in der Umgebung von x* vorausgesetzt—durch die Nullstellen gewisser, f(x) dort „einschließender”︁ Polynome N ten Grades in x erhalten. Für dieses Verfahren wind u. a. nachgewiesen, wie sich seine Konvergenz beschleunigen läßt und daß es auch bei Nichtzutreffen der Monotonievoraussetzung nach einfacher Abänderung Schranken für x* liefert.
Hauptaufsätze: Zur Gaußischen Verteilung im n‐dimensionalen Raume
Authors: Richter H. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractFür den Fall, daß die Koordinaten der Meßpunkte im n‐dimensionalen Raume in unbekannter Weise linear von einer unbekannten Anzahl unabhängiger Variabler mit Gaußischer Verteilung abhängen, jedoch der Streuungstensor aus Versuchen bekannt ist, wird der von den Meßpunkten erfüllte Teilraum und die Wahrscheinlichkeitsdichte in demselben sowie die Genauigkeitshyperfläche bestimmt.
Näherungstheorie des unsymmetrischen Schalldurchgangs in einer Lavaldüse
Authors: Behrbohm Hermann 
Published: November 2010

AbstractDas Verhalten einer ebenen Düsenströmung in der Umgebung des kritischen Zustandes wird approximativ durch die Differentialgleichung der Wärmeleitung beschrieben und deren Lösung bei den entsprechenden Rand‐ und Anfangsbedingungen angegeben. Durch geeignete Spezialisierung der Einlaufsbedingungen wird ein einfaches Beispiel erhalten, das alles physikalisch Wesentliche bereits zeigt.
On the Asymptotic Behavior of Some Polycondensation Processes
Authors: Grüouger K. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractDie vorliegende Arbeit befaßt sich mit dem asymptotischen Verhaltenfür große Zeiten von Lösungen eines speziellen Systems von Diffusions‐Reaktionsgleichungen, das einen Polykondensationsprozeß beschreibt. Mit Hilfe einer Liapunov‐Funktion, die eng mit der Dissipationsrate des modellierten Prozesses zusammenhängt, wird gezeigt, daß sich jede Lösung exponentiell einem Gleichgewichtszustand nähert, der von der sogenannten stöchiometrischen Kompatibilitätsklasse der Lösung abhängt.
On the Numerical Evaluation of a Class of Finite‐Part Integrals
Authors: Ioakimidis N. I. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractTwo more methods for the derivation of the interpolatory quadrature rules (including Gaussian quadrature rules as a special case) for the numerical evaluation of finite‐part integrals with a double‐pole singularity inside the integration interval are presented. The first of these methods is based on the definition of finite‐part integrals and the second of them on the second generalized PLEMELJ formula. The present results can be generalized to the case of finite‐part integrals with pole singularities of higher order.
On the “Symmetry” of Tangent Operators in Nonlinear Mechanics
Authors: Makowski J. , Stumpf H. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractIn the nonlinear theory of thin elastic shells with the displacement vector as the only independent variable we are concerned with the functional of total potential energy defined on a normed linear space, where the second Gâteaux differential of the functional is symmetric leading to a symmetric tangent stiffness matrix in finite element approximation procedures. On the other hand, in shell theories with displacement vector and rotation tensor as independent kinematical variables the corresponding functional is defined on a manifold without vector space structure. The question whether or not the second derivative and the associated tangent stiffness matrix are symmetric is controversely discussed in the recent literature. Using notions and methods of differential geometry we consider in this paper definition and symmetry property of the second differential of a functional defined on a finite dimensional manifold and Lie group (rotation group), respectively, and we discuss related problems and implications in detail. As it is shown the results obtained for linear spaces cannot be generalized to manifolds and Lie groups in a straightforward way.
The Numerical Integration of Neutral Functional‐Differential Equations by Fully Implicit One‐Step Methods
Authors: Jackiewicz Z. , Lo E. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractAn algorithm for the numerical solution of neutral functional‐differential equations is described. This algorithm is based on divided difference representation of fully implicit one‐step methods. The resulting systems of nonlinear equations are solved using the predictor‐corrector approach for nonstiff equations and by the modified Newton method for stiff equations. The step control strategy is based on local error estimation by comparing two approximations of successive orders. The details of implementations are described for systems of neutral delay‐differential equations with state dependent delays, for Volterra integro‐differential equations and for stiff delay‐differential equations. The results of some numerical experiments on four test examples are presented and discussed.
On the Tensor Function Representations of 2nd‐Order and 4th‐Order Tensors. Part I
Authors: Zheng‐S Q. , Betten J. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractIn this paper, we establish the complete representations for isotropic scalar‐, 2nd‐order tensor‐ and 4th‐order tensor‐valued functions of any finite number of 2nd‐ and 4th‐order tensors in both 2‐ and 3‐dimensional spaces, and prove the irreducibility of these representations. The fourth‐order tensors under consideration are those regarded as skew‐symmetric linear transformations of both symmetric and skew‐symmetric 2nd‐order tensors in 3‐dimensional space, symmetric linear transformations of skew‐symmetric 2nd‐order tensors in 3‐dimensional space, and both symmetric and skew‐symmetric linear transformations of both symmetric and skew‐symmetric 2nd‐order tensors in 2‐dimensional space. Complete and irreducible isotropic tensor function representations in 3‐dimensional space involving 4th‐order tensors as symmetric linear transformations of symmetric 2nd‐order tensors are derived in a continued paper (Part II). These representations allow general forms of constitutive laws involving 4th‐order tensor agencies (damage tensors, internal variables) of isotropic materials to be developed.
Comparison of Classical and Alternative Fluid Equations Using Symmetry Methods
Authors: Ames W. F. , Nucci M. C. , Straub D. , Lauster M. , Adams E. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractUnter Verwendung von Symmetriegruppen und‐reduktionen werden exakt gültige Lösungsfamilien für Systeme nichtlinearer partieller DGL der Strömungsmechanik konstruiert. Dabei werden Rand‐oder Anfangsbedingungen nicht berücksichtigt. Es handelt sich um die klassischen Navier‐Stokes‐Gleichungen und zwei Systeme vom Typ der Nehring‐Gleichungen. Die Lösungsfamilien hängen von den physikalischen Eingangsparametern aus den DGL und von freien Koeffizienten aus der Konstruktion ab. Es werden die durch solche Familien gebotenen Vergleichsmöglichkeiten der Strukturen der Lösungen verschiedener Systeme nichtlinearer partieller DGL diskutiert. Für die hier interessierenden DGL‐Systeme sind insbesondere durch laufende Wellen dargestellte Familien konstruiert. Unter Verwendung der im wesentlichen expliziten Darstellung der Lösungs‐Familien ergeben sich daraus Folgerungen u. a. über (a) das Auftreten beschränkter bzw. unbeschränkter Lösungen, (b) die Abhängigkeiten der Wellengeschwindigkeit von Transport‐Koeffizienten und (c) den Grenzfall des Verschwindens eines Transport‐Koeffizienten.
On the Closed‐Form Solutions of the Wave, Diffusion and Burgers Equations in Fluid Mechanics
Authors: Panayotounakos D. E. , Drikakis D. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractIn dieser Arbeit werden die Lösungen der Wellengleichung erster Ordnung mit Quelltermen ut +g(u) ux = f (u) und die Diffusionsgleichung der allgemeinen Form ut + g(u)ux = v aufgestellt. Beide Gleichungen werden für glatte Anfangs‐und Randbedingungen betrachtet, nämlich u(0, x) = (x); bzw. u(0, x) = (x) und u(t,x0) = f(t). Ferner wird der Fall der Burgersgleichung mit Quelltermen ut + uux = vuxx‐δu, die in der Theorie der Aerodynamik eine Rolle spielt, betrachtet die vorgestellte Lösungstechnik und die erhaltenen Lösungen in geschlossener Form werden durch Anwendungen bestätigt.
Convergence Improvement for the Infinite Determinants of Hill Systems
Authors: Denk R. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractDie Floquet‐Exponenten der matrizenwertigen Version der endlichen Hillschen Differentialgleichung können als Nullstellen einer unendlichen Determinante berechnet werden. In dieser Arbeit wird die Konvergenz dieser Determinante durch Abspaltung geeigneter unendlicher Produkte verbessert. Die Definition dieser Produkte verwendet dabei die Kenntnis des asymptotischen Verhaltens der endlichen Abschnittsdeterminanten. Verschiedene Methoden der Konvergenzverbesserung werden sowohl für den symmetrischen als auch für den nicht‐symmetrischen Fall der endlichen Hillschen Differentialgleichung vorgestellt Numerische Beispiele belegen, daß diese Methoden zu einer effizienten Berechnung der unendlichen Determinante führen
A Half‐Plane Crack under Tangential Load: A Complete Solution
Authors: Fabrikant V. I. , Rubin B. S. , Karapetian E. N. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractIn einem querisotropen elastischen Raum, der einer beliebigen Tangentialbelastung ausgesetzt ist, wird ein ebener Riß in einer Halbebene betrachtet. Im ganzen Raum erhält man für das gesamte Feld der Spannungen und Verrückungen eine exakte geschlossene Lösung in Form von Elementarfunktionen. Es werden sowohl der quer‐isotrope als auch der rein isotrope Fall betrachtet. Ebenso werden explizite Formeln für die Spannungsintensitätsfaktoren angegeben. Die Lösung gründet sich auf Ergebnisse, die früher vom ersten Autor publiziert wurden.
Existence and Uniqueness of Solutions for Accelerations for Multi‐Body Systems with Friction
Authors: Klepp H. J. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractEs wird ein Mehrkörpersystem mit einem Freiheitsgrad und reibungsbehafteten Bindungen betrachtet. Die mit der Lagrangeschen Gleichung zweiter Art bestimmte Bewegungsdifferentialgleichung, die aus kinetischen Gleichgewichtsbedingungen ermittelten Gleichungen zur Berechnung der Reaktionskräfte und die Reibungsgesetze bilden ein nichtlineares algebraisches Gleichungs‐system zur Bestimmung der Beschleunigungen. Mit diesen Gleichungen können Grenzwerte der Reibparameter ermittelt werden, für die es endliche Lösungen für die Beschleunigungen gibt. Für Reibparameter größer als diese Grenzwerte gibt es keine Lösungen oder sie sind nicht eindeutig. Die Lösungen werden mit der Methode der direkten Iteration berechnet.
Some Results on Thermoelasticity for Dielectric Materials with Voids
Authors: Ciarletta M. , Scarpetta E. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWir betrachten das Zuwachsproblem der Thermoelastizität für poröse dielektrische Materialien. Mittels der Nichtstandardtechnik werden die Reziprozitätseigenschaften untersucht und mit der Eindeutigkeit der Lösungen verbunden; eine Variationscharakterisierung vom Gurtin‐Typ wird auch bestimmt.
Feasibility and Stability Behaviour of the BDF Applied to Index‐2 Differential Algebraic Equations
Authors: Tischendore C. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractDie Arbeit behandelt die BDF mit variabler Schrittweite und variabler Ordnung für nichtlineare Index‐2‐DAEs. Unter schwachen Glattheitsvoraussetzungen wird das Stabilitätsverhalten für die Masse der zeitabhängigen quasilinearen Systeme diskutiert. Weiterhin werden präzise Bedingungen für die Störungen angegeben, die die Durchführbarkeit der Methode garantieren.