bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immobilization of white‐tailed deer with telazol, ketamine, and xylazine, and evaluation of antagonists
Authors: Monteith Kevin L. , Monteith Kyle B. , Delger Joshua A. , Schmitz Lowell E. , Brinkman Todd J. , Deperno Christopher S. , Jenks Jonathan A. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractTelazol–xylazine and ketamine–xylazine are versatile and safe drug combinations that are used frequently for chemical immobilization of cervids. Although neither combination consistently offers rapid induction and recovery, we hypothesized that a combination of Telazol, ketamine, and xylazine (TKX) would provide a safe and effective alternative for immobilization of white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). During a 2‐stage study, we evaluated the effectiveness of yohimbine and tolazoline as alpha2‐adrenergic antagonists (2005–2006), and characterized the factors that affected chemical immobilization of male deer with a targeted dose of telazol (2.20 mg/kg), ketamine (1.76 mg/kg), and xylazine (0.44 mg/kg), using explosive‐charged darts (2007–2010). During the first stage, we randomly assigned deer to antagonist treatments, including a control group that did not receive an antagonist (n = 8), a tolazoline (4 mg/kg) treatment (n = 16), and a yohimbine (0.11 mg/kg) treatment (n = 15). Recovery times $({\bar {x}}\pm {\rm SE)}$ were longer (P = 0.0013) for control (150.6 ± 21.7 min) and yohimbine (74.5 ± 13.1 min), compared with tolazoline (12.5 ± 12.3 min). Tolazoline resulted in faster and more complete recovery compared with the frequent incomplete antagonism and ataxia observed with yohimbine. During the second stage, 56 immobilization events (2007–2010) with TKX yielded a mean induction time of 7.8 minutes (SE = 0.44). Repeated‐measures analyses indicated that induction and recovery were affected by body weight, with larger males taking longer to become recumbent (P = 0.08), but they recovered more rapidly (P = 0.003) following administration of tolazoline. Physiological parameters we measured under anesthesia were within normal ranges for white‐tailed deer; however, initial temperature was higher (β = −0.86) for younger males (P = 0.014). Final physiological parameters were closely related to initial measurements, with rectal temperature being the most preserved (β = 0.90); heart and respiration rate declined (β < 0.60) during anesthesia. Our results indicate that TKX may be useful for chemically immobilizing white‐tailed deer, and we recommend tolazoline as an antagonist for xylazine. © 2012 The Wildlife Society.
Influence of forest structure on the abundance of snowshoe hares in western Wyoming
Authors: Berg Nathan D. , Gese Eric M. , Squires John R. , Aubry Lise M. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractSnowshoe hares (Lepus americanus) are a primary prey species for Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis) in western North America. Lynx management plans require knowledge of potential prey distribution and abundance in the western United States. Whether even‐aged regenerating forests or multi‐storied forests contain more snowshoe hares is currently unknown. During 2006–2008, we estimated snowshoe hare density in 3 classes of 30–70‐year‐old lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) and 4 classes of late seral multi‐storied forest with a spruce (Picea engelmannii)‐fir (Abies lasiocarpa) component in the Bridger‐Teton National Forest, Wyoming. We recorded physiographic variables and forest structure characteristics to understand how these factors influence abundance of snowshoe hares. In many instances, snowshoe hares were more abundant in late seral multi‐storied forests than regenerating even‐aged forests. Forest attributes predicting hare abundance were often more prevalent in multi‐storied forests. Late seral multi‐storied forests with a spruce–fir component and dense horizontal cover, as well as 30–70‐year‐old lodgepole pine with high stem density, were disproportionately influential in explaining snowshoe hare densities in western Wyoming. In order to promote improved habitat conditions for snowshoe hares in this region, management agencies should consider shifting their focus towards maintaining, enhancing, and promoting multi‐storied forests with dense horizontal cover, as well as developing 30–70‐year‐old lodgepole pine stands with high stem density that structurally mimic multi‐storied forests. © 2012 The Wildlife Society.
Effect of winter flooding on mass and gross energy of bottomland hardwood acorns
Authors: Leach Alan G. , Straub Jacob N. , Kaminski Richard M. , Ezell Andrew W. , Hawkins Tracy S. , Leininger Theodor D. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractDecomposition of red oak acorns (Quercus spp.; Section Erythrobalanus) could decrease forage biomass and gross energy (GE) available to wintering ducks from acorns. We estimated changes in mass and GE for 3 species of red oak acorns in flooded and non‐flooded bottomland hardwood forests in Mississippi during winter 2009–2010. Mass loss of acorns was ≤8.1% and reduction in GE ≤0.03 kcal/g after exposure for 90 days. These small changes in mass and GE of red oak acorns would have minimal effect on carrying capacity of bottomland hardwood forests for ducks. © 2012 The Wildlife Society.
Influence of minor components on fat crystallization
Authors: Talbot Geoff , Smith Kevin , Bhaggan Krish 
Published: April 2012

AbstractCrystallization in fats is of fundamental importance in the production and consumption of fats per se and of food and home and personal care (HPC) products in which fats form a major part. While crystallization of fats as such has been extensively reviewed over the past decade there has been less emphasis on the role of minor components. A review by Smith et al. [1] redressed this; this article is based on that review.
An explicit residual‐type error estimator for ‐quadrilateral extended finite element method in two‐dimensional linear elastic fracture mechanics
Authors: Gerasimov T. , Rüter M. , Stein E. 
Published: April 2012

SUMMARYThis paper deals with explicit residual a posteriori error estimation analysis for ‐quadrilateral extended finite element method (XFEM) discretizations applied to the two‐dimensional problem of linear elastic fracture mechanics. The result is twofold. First, to enable estimation procedures with application to XFEM, a specific quasi‐interpolation operator of averaging type is constructed. The main challenge here arises from the different types of enrichments implemented, and hence, to impose the constant‐preserving property of the interpolation operator on an element, we use the idea of an extension operator. An upper bound on the discretization error measured in the energy norm and associated local error indicators are then constructed and analyzed. The second result follows from the error analysis and concerns an alternative choice of branch functions used in XFEM applications. In particular, the branch functions have to be chosen to fulfill the divergence‐free conditions within the crack tip element and traction‐free boundary conditions on the crack faces. Then, the corresponding XFEM solution gains a better accuracy with less degrees of freedom. Finally, numerical examples are provided with comparative results. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Promoting nurse interventionist fidelity to motivational interviewing in a diabetes self‐care intervention
Authors: El‐Mallakh Peggy , Chlebowy Diane Orr , Wall Mary Patricia , Myers John A. , Cloud Richard N. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractWe describe interventionist training procedures for a pilot intervention study that tested the effects of a nurse‐delivered Motivational Interviewing (MI) intervention on diabetes self‐care among adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It reports on findings from MI fidelity assessments. Training consisted of didactic workshops plus practicum. Fidelity of MI was assessed using the MI Treatment Integrity (MITI) Scale. Fidelity assessments were conducted on 18 (25%) audiotaped MI sessions, which were randomly selected from a total of 72 sessions with 26 participants. Scores of the MITI were in the proficient and competent range. Results suggest that training strategies were sufficient to promote satisfactory interventionist fidelity to MI. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 35:289–300, 2012
Readability of hospice materials to prepare families for caregiving at the time of death
Authors: Kehl Karen A. , McCarty Kayla N. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractMany health care materials are not written at levels that can be understood by most lay people. In this descriptive study, we examined the readability of documents used by hospices to prepare families for caregiving at the time of death. We used two common formulae to examine the documents. The mean Flesch–Kincaid grade level was 8.95 (SD 1.80). The mean Simple Measure of Gobbledygook grade level was 11.06 (SD 1.36). When we used the Colors Label Ease for Adult Readers instrument, it became evident that medical terminology was the primary reason for the high‐grade levels. Most documents (78%) included medical terms that were directly (46.2%) or indirectly (25.6%) explained in the text. Modification of hospice materials could improve families' comprehension of information important for optimal end‐of‐life care. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 35:242–249, 2012
Use of Creative Activities in Occupational Therapy Practice in Sweden
Authors: Müllersdorf Maria , Ivarsson Ann Britt 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of creative activities in occupational therapy in Sweden and how often Swedish occupational therapists use creative activities as a means of intervention.A web‐mail survey was sent to 2975 Swedish occupational therapists working in health care at regional, county council or primary health care level, and those working in vocational rehabilitation.A total of 1867 (63%) answered the questionnaire and showed that 44% did use creative activities as a means of intervention and most often by practitioners working in psychiatric health care. The most commonly used form of creative activity was arts and crafts followed by gardening. This web‐mail survey was based on a limited amount of items regarding creative activities.Further research should focus on in‐depth inquiries about how occupational therapists and their patients perceive the use of creative activities as a means of treatment in occupational therapy. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Micronutrients and sickle cell disease, effects on growth, infection and vaso‐occlusive crisis: A systematic review
Authors: Dekker Louise H. , Fijnvandraat Karin , Brabin Bernard J. , van Hensbroek Michael Boele 
Published: April 2012

AbstractPatients with Sickle cell disease (SCD) exhibit signs of poor growth, increased susceptibility to infection and recurrent episodes of painful vaso‐occlusive crises. Micronutrient deficiencies may increase susceptibility to these outcomes. We conducted a systematic review to assess the strength of evidence for improved outcomes related to micronutrient interventions. Six randomized‐controlled trials of moderate quality met the inclusion criteria. Zinc supplementation was associated with improved growth and decreased incidence of infection and is a promising intervention in the management of SCD patients. Omega‐3 fatty acid supplementation was associated with limited reduction in vaso occlusive crises. This review identifies key knowledge gaps, which are important research priorities for nutritional interventions. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012;59:211–215. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Parent–child communication and psychological adjustment in children with a brain tumor
Authors: Adduci Annarita , Jankovic Momcilo , Strazzer Sandra , Massimino Maura , Clerici Carlo , Poggi Geraldina 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBackgroundInternalizing problems, anxiety, depression, withdrawal, and consequent social problems are frequently observed in children with brain tumors. The objective of this work is to describe the relationship between these psychological problems and the type of parent–child communication established about the disease.ProceduresA group of 64 children surviving a brain tumor (aged 4–18 years) underwent psychological assessment by means of parent reports on the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (VABS). A semi‐structured interview with each child and their parents enabled us to classify the method of communication regarding the disease as “avoidance,” “ineffective,” and “effective.” Demographic, clinical, and functional data relating to the disease were also collected.ResultsA significant relationship between the onset of Internalizing problems, withdrawal, anxiety‐depression, and social problems and the presence of avoidance or ineffective communication about the disease was observed (P = 0.001, P = 0.001, P = 0.001, and P = 0.01, respectively). These psychological problems did not prove to be associated to demographic or clinical variables; however, they were found to be related to the children's residual functional problems. By contrast, the method of communication proved to be unrelated to clinical or functional variables, but it was associated to demographic variables such as sex and age at assessment.ConclusionsEffective (complete, truthful, consistent, comprehensible, gradual and continuous, and tailored) communication to the child about his/her condition proved to be associated with a better psychological outcome. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012;59:290–294. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Screening for psychosocial risk in pediatric cancer
Authors: Kazak Anne E. , Brier Moriah , Alderfer Melissa A. , Reilly Anne , Fooks Parker Stephanie , Rogerwick Stephanie , Ditaranto Susan , Barakat Lamia P. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractMajor professional organizations have called for psychosocial risk screening to identify specific psychosocial needs of children with cancer and their families and facilitate the delivery of appropriate evidence‐based care to address these concerns. However, systematic screening of risk factors at diagnosis is rare in pediatric oncology practice. Subsequent to a brief summary of psychosocial risks in pediatric cancer and the rationale for screening, this review identified three screening models and two screening approaches [Distress Thermometer (DT), Psychosocial Assessment Tool (PAT)], among many more articles calling for screening. Implications of broadly implemented screening for all patients across treatment settings are discussed. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012; 59: 822–827. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
“Accelerated ear‐age”: A new measure of chemotherapy‐induced ototoxicity
Authors: Fligor Brian J. , Krasker Jennie D. , Villaluna Doojduen , Krailo Mark , Frazier A. Lindsay 
Published: April 2012

AbstractCurrently, there are several different scales that grade chemotherapy‐induced ototoxicity. This report highlights how the implications of the conclusions drawn from each scale differ and compare these prior scales to a more functionally based scale developed at Children's Hospital Boston. Additionally, this report introduces the concept of “ear‐age,” akin to the age at which one would expect the observed decrease in hearing as a consequence of normative aging (but documented in a child or young adult following chemotherapy). Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012; 59: 947–949. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Ophthalmic artery chemosurgery for the management of retinoblastoma in eyes with extensive (>50%) retinal detachment
Authors: Palioura Sotiria , Gobin Y. Pierre , Brodie Scott E. , Marr Brian P. , Dunkel Ira J. , Abramson David H. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBackgroundSuperselective delivery of chemotherapy through the ophthalmic artery, i.e. ophthalmic artery chemosurgery, has been used for the treatment of advanced intraocular retinoblastoma. Herein, we evaluate the efficacy of ophthalmic artery chemosurgery for retinoblastoma associated with >50% retinal detachment.ProcedureRetrospective review of 37 eyes of 34 retinoblastoma patients who had extensive (>50%) bullous non‐rhegmatogenous retinal detachments and received ophthalmic artery chemosurgery either as primary treatment or as “salvage” treatment after failed multi‐cycle intravenous chemotherapy and/or external beam radiation (mean follow‐up, 21 months). Data on patient and ocular survival, complications of ophthalmic artery chemosurgery treatments, time course of retinal reattachment, and serial electroretinograms (ERG) were collected.ResultsA total of 134 ophthalmic artery chemosurgery injections were performed. All children survive. Five eyes (5/37; 14%) were enucleated for progression of disease. The Kaplan–Meier enucleation‐free survival rate at 2 years was 87.9% (95% confidence interval, 76.5–99.3%). The retina reattached in 28 eyes (28/37; 76%) and the 30‐Hz flicker ERGs improved by >25 µV in seven eyes (7/37; 19%), remained stable (change < 25 µV) in 26 eyes (26/37; 70%), and decreased by >25 µV in four eyes (4/37; 11%). The Kaplan–Meier retinal reattachment rate was 58% after 3 months and three ophthalmic artery chemosurgery infusions (95% confidence interval, 41.9–74.1%).ConclusionsOphthalmic artery chemosurgery is effective in preventing enucleation, promoting retinal reattachment and preserving or improving retinal function in the majority of eyes with advanced retinoblastoma and >50% retinal detachment that would otherwise be considered for enucleation. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012; 59: 859–864. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Thiotepa and melphalan based single, tandem, and triple high dose therapy and autologous stem cell transplantation for high risk neuroblastoma
Authors: Saarinen‐Pihkala Ulla M. , Hovi Liisa , Koivusalo Antti , Jahnukainen Kirsi , Karikoski Riitta , Sariola Hannu , Wikström Sakari 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBackgroundOutcome of high risk neuroblastoma (NBL) remains unsatisfactory in spite of intensive treatment efforts. Consolidation with high‐dose (HD) chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) has been intensified with tandem and triple cycles with promising results. Our purpose was to improve the outcome with two or three HD‐consolidations.MethodsThirty six children with high risk NBL, diagnosed 1995–2010, had intensive induction and surgery, and were stratified to single, tandem or triple HD‐therapy and ASCT, followed by local irradiation and cis‐retinoic acid. In inoperable patients surgery was facilitated by preoperative HD‐melphalan. Long‐term outcome of our old cohort from 1987–1994 was updated.ResultsTen year event‐free survival (EFS) from diagnosis was 0.44+/−0.10 of the old and 0.43+/−0.085 of the new cohort. EFS from the last ASCT was 0.53 +/−0.12 and 0.48+/−0.091, respectively. Preoperative HD‐melphalan rendered 73% of bulky primaries operable in the new cohort. The 5‐yr EFS from ASCT was 0.46+/−0.15 for single and 0.73+/−0.15 for tandem ASCT (P = 0.19). All triple ASCT patients, selected by poor/slow response, relapsed or died.ConclusionsThiotepa‐ and melphalan based HD regimens, with or without total body irradiation (TBI), appeared to give an outcome comparable to major NBL study groups with acceptable toxicity. Tandem HD therapy gave a 5‐year EFS of 73%, whereas a third HD consolidation did not offer any additional advantage for ultra high risk patients with slow response. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012; 59: 1190–1197. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The integrated curriculum project: Teacher change and student outcomes within a university–school professional development collaboration
Authors: Thomas Cathy Newman , Hassaram Bindiya , Rieth Herbert J. , Raghavan Nithya Soundara , Kinzer Charles K. , Mulloy Austin M. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThis observational study examined changes in teachers' instruction and student outcomes in response to a 3‐year‐long professional development collaboration between university researchers and a middle‐school language arts team. Professional development supported teachers in implementing multimedia anchored instruction, a video‐based instructional method shown to be effective for diverse learners. The Integrated Curriculum Project (ICP‐3) used multimedia anchored instruction to promote constructivist reform and infuse technology into an integrated social studies and language arts curriculum to improve literacy and critical thinking skills for at‐risk adolescents, including students with disabilities and those from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds. Findings revealed that teachers moved toward a more learner‐centered instructional approach and that both teachers and students made significant changes in classroom behaviors, including the quantity and quality of questions and time spent in small‐group discussion. Implications for research and practice regarding sustained, collaborative professional development in technology integration, in this case, using multimedia anchored instruction, are presented. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Validity of Vertebral Translation and Rotation in Differentiating Patients with Lumbar Segmental Instability
Authors: Taghipour‐Darzi Mohammad , Takamjani Esmail Ebrahimi , Salavati Mahyar , Mobini Bahram , Zekavat Hajar 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBackground and PurposeLumbar segmental instability (LSI) is a sub‐group of non‐specific low back pain (NSLBP), without any accepted diagnostic tool as a golden standard. Some authors emphasize on clinical findings, and others focus on vertebral translation and rotation, but construct validity of these measures had not been approved. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to evaluate convergent and known group validity of vertebral translation and rotation in differentiating LSI from NSLBP and control subjects.MethodsStudy variables included full‐range and mid‐range vertebral translation and rotation in sagittal plane. Five x‐rays were taken in neutral, full flexion and extension and mid‐flexion and mid‐extension positions of lumbar spine. The variables were calculated using Computer Aided Radiographic Analysis of Spine (CARA) software after scanning. Sixty‐six volunteered males participated in three groups. Twenty‐two subjects were in the control group, and 44 NSLBP were divided into LSI and not LSI groups according to the criteria adopted by Hicks et al. The ANOVA and Tukey test were used in statistic analysis.ResultsANOVA results demonstrated differences in three groups; for full‐range translation and rotation, were not significant. However, the results of ANOVA demonstrated significant difference in L4‐5 mid‐range translation and rotation (p < 0/05). Tukey test showed significant difference for L4‐5 mid‐range translation between control (2.14 mm) and LSI (1.33 mm) groups (p < 0/05). Tukey test demonstrated difference between the control (14.18°) and LSI (11.65°) groups (p < 0/05); the control and not LSI (10.80) groups (p < 0/05) were significant for L4‐5 mid‐range rotation.ConclusionsOn the basis of the study results, the full‐range translation and rotation cannot differentiate LSI from not LSI and control groups. Moreover, the mid‐range translation only differentiates control from LSI, whereas mid‐range rotation differentiates control from both LSI and not LSI. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.