bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A bridge between worlds: Embedding research in telepractice co‐design with disability community
Authors: Benz Cloe 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionCo‐production approaches are increasingly being advocated for as a way of addressing the research translatory gap while including patient and public involvement in development of services they access, and particularly in disability service provision. Embedded research (ER) is a method which integrates the researcher within the target organization to better facilitate both co‐production of research outputs and the reduction of the research translation gap. The aim of this reflection is to better understand the commonalities and differences between ER in a disability context to accounts published in academic literature.MethodA review of embedded researcher literature was completed in combination with a personal reflection of lived experience as an embedded researcher within a disability support service organization. The reflective process included review of research journal entries and other records of lived experience (photographs, audio recordings, drawings) maintained throughout the period in the role of embedded researcher. A reflexive thematic analysis process was used.ResultsI reflect throughout the article upon five themes which highlight both the commonalities between my experiences and those of other embedded researchers as well as instances where they differed. The five themes include (1) A knowledge bridge, (2) Considerations of positionality, (3) Ethical complexity, (4) Anticipating change, and (5) Existing in the in‐between together.ConclusionExperiences of ER appear to transcend the discipline in which the research is being embedded, and while the lived experience in a disability host organization was invaluable in facilitating a successful co‐produced research project, significant avenues for improvement exist in terms of ethical frameworks, methodological guidance, and communities of support.
Half‐life extension of single‐domain antibody–drug conjugates by albumin binding moiety enhances antitumor efficacy
Authors: Li Quanxiao , Kong Yu , Zhong Yuxuan , Huang Ailing , Ying Tianlei , Wu Yanling 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSingle‐domain antibody–drug conjugates (sdADCs) have been proven to have deeper solid tumor penetration and intratumor accumulation capabilities due to their smaller size compared with traditional IgG format ADCs. However, one of the key challenges for improving clinical outcomes of sdADCs is their abbreviated in vivo half‐life. In this study, we innovatively fused an antihuman serum albumin (αHSA) nanobody to a sdADCs targeting oncofetal antigen 5T4, conferring serum albumin binding to enhance the pharmacokinetic profiles of sdADCs. The fusion protein was conjugated with monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) at s224c site mutation. The conjugate exhibited potent cytotoxicity against various tumor cells. Compared with the nonalbumin‐binding counterparts, the conjugate exhibited a 10‐fold extended half‐life in wild‐type mice and fivefold prolonged serum half‐life in BxPC‐3 xenograft tumor models as well as enhanced tumor accumulation and retention in mice. Consequently, n501–αHSA–MMAE showed potent antitumor effects, which were comparable to n501–MMAE in pancreatic cancer BxPC‐3 xenograft tumor models; however, in human ovarian teratoma PA‐1 xenograft tumor models, n501–αHSA–MMAE significantly improved antitumor efficacy. Moreover, the conjugate showed mitigated hepatotoxicity. In summary, our results suggested that fusion to albumin‐binding moiety as a viable strategy can enhance the therapeutic potential of sdADCs through optimized pharmacokinetics.
Qatar's National Mental Health Study—The World Mental Health Qatar
Authors: Khaled Salma Mawfek , Al‐Abdulla Majid , Tulley Iain , Al‐Thani Sheik Mohammed , Woodruff Peter W. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundWe provide an overview of Qatar's first epidemiological study on prevalence, predictors, and treatment contact for mood and anxiety disorders.AimsWe highlight the importance of the three‐pronged study, its aims, and its key components.Materials & MethodsThe first component comprised a probability‐based representative survey of Qatari and non‐Qatari (Arab) adult males and females recruited from the general population and interviewed using the International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI version 3.3). The second component, a clinical reappraisal study, assessed concordance between diagnoses based on the CIDI and independent clinical assessments conducted by trained clinical interviewers. The third component comprised a resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging study of healthy survey respondents who were matched to patients with psychosis.Results5000 survey interviews provided data on prevalence and treatment of common mental disorders. Clinical re‐interviews (N = 485) provided important diagnostic validity data. Finally, state‐of‐the art structural and functional brain markers for psychosis were also collected (N = 100).DiscussionDescriptive epidemiological data were collected to inform future mental health priorities in Qatar and situates these within a global context.ConclusionThe study fills important gaps in regional and global estimates and establish necessary baseline to develop comprehensive risk estimates for mental health in Qatar’s young population.
Twelve‐month prevalence, persistence, severity, and treatment of mood and anxiety disorders in Qatar's national mental health study
Authors: Khaled Salma M. , Al‐Thani Sheik Mohammed , Sampson Nancy A. , Kessler Ronald C. , Woodruff Peter W. , Alabdulla Majid 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo estimate 12‐month prevalence, persistence, severity, and treatment of mental disorders and socio‐demographic correlates in Qatar.MethodsWe conducted the first national population‐based telephone survey of Arab adults between 2019 and 2022 using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview and estimated 12‐month DSM‐5 mood and anxiety disorders and their persistence (the proportion of lifetime cases who continue to meet 12‐month criteria).ResultsThe 12‐month prevalence of any disorder was 21.1% (10.4% mild, 38.7% moderate, and 50.9% severe) and was associated with: younger age, female, previously married, and with persistence of any disorder. Persistence was 74.7% (64.0% mood and 75.6% anxiety) and was significantly associated with secondary education or lower. Minimally adequate treatment received among those with any 12‐month mental disorder was 10.6% (74.6% in healthcare and 64.6% non‐healthcare sectors). Severity and the number of disorders significantly associated with each other and with treatment received (χ
2 = 7.24, p = 0.027) including adequate treatment within the mental health specialty sector (χ
2 = 21.42, p < 0.001).ConclusionsMultimorbidity and sociodemographics were associated with 12‐month mental disorder. Treatment adequacy in Qatar are comparable to high‐income countries. Low treatment contact indicate need for population‐wide mental health literacy programes in addition to more accessible and effective mental health services.
SPICER: Self‐supervised learning for MRI with automatic coil sensitivity estimation and reconstruction
Authors: Hu Yuyang , Gan Weijie , Ying Chunwei , Wang Tongyao , Eldeniz Cihat , Liu Jiaming , Chen Yasheng , An Hongyu , Kamilov Ulugbek S. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPurposeTo introduce a novel deep model‐based architecture (DMBA), SPICER, that uses pairs of noisy and undersampled k‐space measurements of the same object to jointly train a model for MRI reconstruction and automatic coil sensitivity estimation.MethodsSPICER consists of two modules to simultaneously reconstructs accurate MR images and estimates high‐quality coil sensitivity maps (CSMs). The first module, CSM estimation module, uses a convolutional neural network (CNN) to estimate CSMs from the raw measurements. The second module, DMBA‐based MRI reconstruction module, forms reconstructed images from the input measurements and the estimated CSMs using both the physical measurement model and learned CNN prior. With the benefit of our self‐supervised learning strategy, SPICER can be efficiently trained without any fully sampled reference data.ResultsWe validate SPICER on both open‐access datasets and experimentally collected data, showing that it can achieve state‐of‐the‐art performance in highly accelerated data acquisition settings (up to ). Our results also highlight the importance of different modules of SPICER—including the DMBA, the CSM estimation, and the SPICER training loss—on the final performance of the method. Moreover, SPICER can estimate better CSMs than pre‐estimation methods especially when the ACS data is limited.ConclusionDespite being trained on noisy undersampled data, SPICER can reconstruct high‐quality images and CSMs in highly undersampled settings, which outperforms other self‐supervised learning methods and matches the performance of the well‐known E2E‐VarNet trained on fully sampled ground‐truth data.
Effect of particle size on liver MRI R2* relaxometry: Monte Carlo simulation and phantom studies
Authors: Li Xiaoben , Wang Changqing , Huang Jinhong , Reeder Scott B. , Hernando Diego 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the effect of particle size on liver by Monte Carlo simulation and phantom studies at both 1.5 T and 3.0 T.MethodsTwo kinds of particles (i.e., iron sphere and fat droplet) with varying sizes were considered separately in simulation and phantom studies. MRI signals were synthesized and analyzed for predicting , based on simulations by incorporating virtual liver model, particle distribution, magnetic field generation, and proton movement into phase accrual. In the phantom study, iron‐water and fat‐water phantoms were constructed, and each phantom contained 15 separate vials with combinations of five particle concentrations and three particle sizes. measurements in the phantom were made at both 1.5 T and 3.0 T. Finally, differences in predictions or measurements were evaluated across varying particle sizes.ResultsIn the simulation study, strong linear and positively correlated relationships were observed between predictions and particle concentrations across varying particle sizes and magnetic field strengths (). The relationships were affected by iron sphere size (), where smaller iron sphere size yielded higher predicted , whereas fat droplet size had no effect on predictions () for constant total fat concentration. Similarly, the phantom study showed that measurements were relatively sensitive to iron sphere size () unlike fat droplet size ().ConclusionLiver is affected by iron sphere size, but is relatively unaffected by fat droplet size. These findings may lead to an improved understanding of the underlying mechanisms of relaxometry in vivo, and enable improved quantitative MRI phantom design.
The impact of pregnancy and childbirth on stress urinary incontinence in women previously submitted to mid‐urethral sling: A systematic review and metanalysis
Authors: Ruffolo Alessandro Ferdinando , Lallemant Marine , Garabedian Charles , Deseure Aurore , Kerbage Yohan , Rubod Chrystèle , Cosson Michel 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionThere is no guideline or clinical consensus concerning the mid‐urethral sling (MUS) operation for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and future pregnancies. The aim of this systematic review and metanalysis is to evaluate the impact of pregnancy and of delivery on SUI in women who previously sustained a MUS surgery.MethodsWe performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis, according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines, and selected seven publications for inclusion in the analysis.ResultsRecurrence of SUI after childbirth in women previously submitted to MUS was 22% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 18.0%−26.0%; I2 = 0%) while the reintervention rate for SUI the 5% (95% CI: 2.0%−8.0%; I2 = 47.34%) in the included studies. There was not statistically significant difference between women who delivered (both vaginally and by caesarian section) or not after MUS in SUI recurrence (RR 1.01, 95% CI 0.73−1.40; p = 0.96 and I2—test of 41% p = 0.18) and in SUI reintervention (RR 1.45, 95% CI 0.91−2.30; p = 0.12 and I2—test of 0% p = 0.38) with homogeneity among studies. There was no difference between women who delivered vaginally or by caesarian section both for recurrence of SUI (RR 1.24, 95%CI 0.77‐2.01; p = 0.37 and I2—test of 0% p = 0.60) and reintervention (RR 1.61, 95% CI 0.76−3.42; p = 0.22 and I2—test of 0% p = 0.47). BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, urinary incontinence (UI) before and during pregnancy emerged as risk factors for postpartum UI relapse.ConclusionChildbirth do not affect SUI relapse or reintervention in women previously submitted to MUS. In the same population of patients, no difference was highlighted concerning the mode of delivery for the outcome SUI relapse or reintervention. Previous MUS surgery may not be an appropriate indication for cesarean birth in subsequent pregnancy.
Privacy‐protected object detection through trustworthy image fusion
Authors: Zhang Chao , Zhang Jinmei , Yun Lijun , Zhang Jun , Su Junbo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe neural network‐based technologies have emerged as a potent method for image fusion, object detection, and other computer vision tasks as the rapid development of deep learning. Multi‐band infrared images, in particular, capture a more extensive range of radiation details and information compared to conventional single‐band infrared images. Consequently, the fusion of multi‐band infrared images can provide more features for object detection. However, it is crucial to consider that infrared images may contain sensitive information, potentially leading to privacy concerns. Ensuring datasets privacy protection plays a crucial role in the fusion and tracking process. To address both the need for improved detection performance and the necessity for privacy protection in the infrared environment, we proposed a procedure for object detection based on multi‐band infrared image datasets and utilized the transfer learning technique to migrate knowledge learned from external infrared data to internal infrared data, thereby training the infrared image fusion model and detection model. The procedure consists of several steps: (1) data preprocessing of multi‐band infrared images, (2) multi‐band infrared image fusion, and (3) object detection. Standard evaluation metrics for image fusion and object detection ensure the authenticity of the experiments. The comprehensive validation experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed procedure in object detection tasks. Furthermore, the transfer learning can train our datasets and update the model without exposing the original data. This aspect of transfer learning is particularly beneficial for maintaining the privacy of multi‐band infrared images during the fusion and detection processes.
Clinical and patient reported outcomes using autologous fibrin sealant as adjunct to diode light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation‐assisted gingival depigmentation: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Krishna Duddukuri Murali , Sruthima Gottumukkala NVS , Penmetsa Gautami S. , Ramesh Konathala SV , Kumar Pasupuleti Mohan , Beldhi Manisha 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundGingival depigmentation is quite an invasive procedure and often results in healing by secondary intention, postoperative morbidity, and repigmentation. Autologous fibrin sealant (AFS), a platelet concentrate commonly used due to its adhesive nature and presence of growth factors, has shown good clinical results and improved healing with anti‐inflammatory properties. Hence, the current study aims to evaluate clinical outcomes and patient reported outcomes (PROs) with the adjunctive use of AFS along with Diode light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation (LASER) in gingival depigmentation.MethodologyThis was a randomized double blinded split mouth clinical trial including 10 participants (six females and four males) in age range of 20 to 50 years with gingival hyperpigmentation (Dummet's index 2–3). Test (AFS) and control (no AFS [N‐AFS]) groups received Diode LASER depigmentation with and without adjunctive application of AFS, respectively, along with periodontal dressing. Clinical outcomes assessed were postoperative healing (Landry healing index) and repigmentation. PROs were patient comfort and aesthetics. Healing was assessed at 7 and 15 days and 1 month postoperatively. Repigmentation was assessed at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. Patient comfort was assessed immediately after surgery and 1 week postoperatively using visual analog scale (VAS). Aesthetics was assessed at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively using VAS.ResultsBetter early postoperative healing was found at 1 (4.7 ± 0.516, p = 0.043) and 2 weeks (5.0 ± 0.0, p = 0.048) postoperatively in AFS group. No significant difference between the groups was observed in postoperative discomfort, that is, AFS‐1.4 ± 0.516 and N‐AFS‐1.7 ± 0.483 (p = 0.591), aesthetic satisfaction (AFS‐0.1 ± 0.316, N‐AFS‐0.3 ± 0.483, p = 0.168), and repigmentation (p = 0.00).ConclusionThe use of autologous fibrin sealant as adjunct to Diode LASER‐assisted depigmentation in the treatment of gingival pigmentation showed improved clinical outcomes in terms of postoperative healing.
Emerging in‐migration of urban young adults engaging in rural tourism in China
Authors: Tang Shuang Shuang , Zhou Jing , Liu Yi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDuring the rapid urbanisation of China in recent decades, a vast proportion of the labour force left rural hometowns to find employment in cities. In the context of rural revitalisation and tourism development in China, rural tourism is booming, bringing many tourism‐related jobs to the countryside. As a result, some young urban adults have moved to work in rural areas. Based on in‐depth interviews in Su village in Nanjing, China, this study seeks to investigate the motivations of those who choose to work in the countryside and the connections between this and stages in the life course of urbanites in the 90s generation, a cohort that is quite distinct from older cohorts. This study finds that the motivations of these younger workers range from career development and cost reduction to a preference for a rural lifestyle. Engaging in tourism‐related work in rural areas is associated with two life courses (work career and individual/family pathway). This study also finds that the cohort working rural tourism in rural areas is differentiated: while some pursue career development, others aim to escape certain pressures and obligations by ‘lying flat’ in the more congenial rural setting where living costs are lower than in cities. Pro‐tourism rural areas, with an acceptable distance from cities, become valuable places for these youth to resist or balance their life in front of increasingly competitive urban life during their adult transitional period.
A mediastinum‐tumour‐like pulmonary arteriovenous malformation with association to the pulmonary artery treated with surgical resection
Authors: Huang Yung‐Chia , Hsieh Chen‐En , Hsie Yei‐San , Lee Shih‐Wei 
Published: May 2024

Key messageDespite embolization being now considered the preferred treatment for PAVM, surgical intervention may be considered if the malformation involves large vessels.
Establishment of chemical fingerprint and determination of main active ingredients in Centellae Herba by HPLC combined with multivariate chemometrics analysis
Authors: Yu Duan , Zhongjing Guo , Zhimin Zhao , Depo Yang , xinjun Xu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this paper, a simple and efficient high‐performance liquid chromatography method was established to analyze the chemical composition fingerprint of Centellae Herba (CHA) and determine five triterpenoid active components in CHA, namely, asiaticoside B (AB), madecassoside, asiaticoside, madecasic acid, and asiaticoic acid. The separation of the compounds was carried out on an XD‐C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 µm), the wavelength of the ultraviolet detector was set to 205 nm, and the mobile phase was composed of acetonitrile −0.05% phosphoric acid, 2 mmol/L β‐cyclodextrin aqueous solution, and gradient elution at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. A general chromatographic fingerprint consisting of 20 characteristic peaks of 18 batches of CHA samples was established, and the samples were classified and evaluated by similarity analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis, and principal component analysis combined with multivariate econometric analysis. In quantitative analysis, all calibration curves showed good linear regression in the test range (r > 0.999), the average recovery was 96.12%–104.63%, and the relative standard deviations of repeatability and stability were less than 2.00%. The results show that the method is accurate and effective and can be used for the comprehensive quality control of CHA.
Two genotoxic impurities of sulfonate esters in Posaconazole: Synthesis, method validation and mechanism of action
Authors: Li Fangzhen , Liu Weifeng , Zheng Kangle , Luo Hengzhen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSulfonate esters are a class of organic impurities that includes highly potent mutagenic substances that typically need to be controlled down to a low ppm level in pharmaceutical development. In this work, two genotoxic impurities of sulfonate esters in Posaconazole, for example, ((3S,5R)‐5‐((1H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐1‐yl)methyl)‐5‐(2,4‐difluorophenyl)tetrahydrofuran‐3‐yl)methyl‐4‐methylbenzenesulfonate and (2S,3S)‐3‐ (4‐(4‐(4‐(4‐(((3R,5R)‐5‐((1H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐1‐yl)methyl)‐5‐(2,4‐difluorophenyl)tetrahydrofuran‐3‐yl)methoxy)phenyl)piperazin‐1‐yl)phenyl)‐5‐oxo‐4,5‐dihydro‐1H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐1‐yl)pentan‐2‐yl‐4‐methylbenzenesulfonate, were synthesized and characterized. The genotoxicity which was evaluated by two (quantitative) structure‐activity relationships prediction methodologies showed positive. Furthermore, a novel high‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry limit test method for detecting these two impurities in Posaconazole has been established and validated. The chromatographic separation of analytes was conducted on an ACQUITY BEH C18 column, and performed with 0.05% methanoic acid‐water and 0.05% methanoic acid‐acetonitrile as mobile phases A and B, respectively. Six batches of commercial‐scale Posaconazole samples were detected by the validated method and the results were in accordance with the Food and Drug Administration acceptance criteria for the genotoxic impurities in drug substances. Finally, a tentative mechanism for these two impurities was proposed, they are generally accepted to undergo an SN2‐type reaction, resulting in 7‐methylguanine as the predominant adduct in double‐stranded DNA.