bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endoscope‐Guided, Transoral Axial Division of an Entrapping Epiglottic Fold in Fifteen Standing Horses
Authors: PERKINS JUSTIN D. , HUGHES THOMAS K. , BRAIN BEN 
Published: September 2010

Objectives—To describe and evaluate the use of a transoral, endoscope‐guided technique for transection of an entrapping epiglottic fold in sedated standing horses.Study Design—Retrospective study.Animals—Horses (n=16) with epiglottic fold entrapment (EFE).Methods—Medical records (2005–2006) of 16 horses with EFE were reviewed to determine history, physical and endoscopic examination findings, postoperative complications, and outcome after axial division of EFE using a hooked bistoury, under an endoscopic‐guided, transoral approach.Results—EFE was confirmed by endoscopy. Axial division was successfully performed in 15 sedated, standing horses. One horse had to be anesthetized to complete the procedure. None of the horses made abnormal respiratory noise after surgery and all returned to their intended use. After surgery, 1 horse had a short, deformed epiglottis.Conclusions—EFE can be axially divided safely and effectively using an endoscope‐guided, transoral approach, with the horse sedated and standing.Clinical Relevance—Endoscopic‐guided, transoral axial division of EFE in sedated standing horses is an alternative choice to performing this procedure under general anesthesia.
Comparison of Radiographic and Anatomic Femoral Varus Angle Measurements in Normal Dogs
Authors: SWIDERSKI JENNIFER K. , RADECKI STEVEN V. , PARK RICHARD D. , PALMER ROSS H. 
Published: September 2010

Objective— To determine if the clinically practiced method of radiographic femoral varus angle (R‐FVA) measurement is repeatable, reproducible, and accurate.Study Design— Radiographic and anatomic study.Animals/Sample Population— Normal Walker hound cadavers (n=5) and femora (n=10).Methods— Cadavers were held in dorsally‐recumbent and torso‐elevated positions as 3 craniocaudal radiographs were made of each femur, by each of 2 different technicians. Femora were then harvested for direct measurement of anatomic femoral varus angle (A‐FVA). R‐FVA was measured on each radiograph by each of 3 examiners on 3 separate occasions. Intra‐observer (repeatability) and inter‐observer (reproducibility) variance in R‐FVA measurement and the strength of relationship between R‐FVA and A‐FVA (accuracy) were determined.Results— Mean (±SD) A‐FVA was 5.2±2.1° (range, 2.4–8.2°). Mean (±SD) R‐FVA was 5.8±1.0° (range, 2.7–9.6°). Intra‐observer variance (range: 11–16%) and inter‐observer variance (16%) were acceptable. The strength of relationship between measured R‐FVA and A‐FVA (maximum adjusted R2<0) was unacceptably low regardless of observer, patient position, or radiographic technician.Conclusion— R‐FVA measurement was repeatable and reproducible, but not statistically accurate in predicting A‐FVA in these 5 normal Walker hounds. The detected inaccuracy may be real or the result of a selection bias for normal dogs obscuring the true relationship.Clinical Relevance— R‐FVA may not be an accurate method of femoral varus measurement in dogs with A‐FVA<10°. Using Slocum's criteria for distal femoral osteotomy (R‐FVA>10°), the procedure would not have been erroneously performed in any of the normal dogs of this study.
Pull‐Through Technique for Palmar Digital Neurectomy: Forty‐One Horses (1998–2004)
Authors: MAHER OMAR , DAVIS DAVID MICHAEL , DRAKE CHRISTIANA , MYHRE GRANT D. , LABBE KAREN M. , HAN JANET H. , LEJEUNE SARAH S. 
Published: September 2010

Objectives—To report outcome of horses treated for navicular syndrome using a pull‐through (PT) technique for palmar digital neurectomy (PDN).Design—Retrospective study.Animals—Horses (n=41) with navicular syndrome (NS).Methods—Medical records (1998–2002) for horses that had NS and failed to respond to conservative management that had unilateral or bilateral forelimb, biaxial PDN were reviewed. Outcome for up to 6 years was obtained by telephone questionnaire or lameness examination. Survival analysis was used to assess time to recurrence of lameness.Results—One year after PDN, 36 horses (88%) were free of lameness. Mean survival with no lameness after surgery was estimated at 4.14±0.33 years (median, 5 years).Conclusions—PT–PDN technique resulted in soundness for 88% of horses for at least 1 year. PT–PDN was easily and quickly performed without specialized equipment, and had a low incidence of complications.Clinical Relevance—The PT technique is an effective and viable alternative surgical method for PDN.
Storing apheresis platelets without agitation with simulated shipping conditions during two separate periods: immediately after collection and subsequently between Day 2 and Day 3
Authors: Moroff Gary , Kurtz James , Seetharaman Shalini , Wagner Stephen J. 
Published: September 2010

BACKGROUND: Apheresis platelet (PLT) units are not routinely agitated during transit. Our study compared the in vitro properties of apheresis PLT units that were stored with continuous agitation (CA) and without continuous agitation (WCA) during two separate periods, immediately after collection and between Day 2 and Day 3 of storage.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Two identical apheresis PLTs units were prepared from collections with Amicus (n = 11, Fenwal, Inc.) and Trima (n = 10, CaridianBCT) cell separators. One apheresis PLT unit was continuously agitated, starting routinely within 30 minutes of collection, and an identical apheresis PLT unit was held without agitation initially for 7 to 8 hours and subsequently for 24 hours between Day 2 and Day 3 of storage. The apheresis PLT units were maintained WCA at 20 to 24°C in a shipping box. In vitro PLT properties were evaluated on Day 1 (day after collection), after 5 and 7 days of storage.RESULTS: With both Amicus and Trima apheresis PLT units, the mean PLT content and concentration of CA and WCA were comparable and essentially constant throughout storage. Mean pH levels (±1 SD) after 5 days for Amicus apheresis PLT units were 6.97 ± 0.20 (WCA) and 7.13 ± 0.16 (p < 0.001, CA) and for Trima apheresis PLT units 6.97 ± 0.21 (WCA) and 7.22 ± 0.17 (p < 0.001, CA). In vitro variables, including percentage of disc PLTs, extent of shape change, and hypotonic stress levels, after 5 days of storage, showed mean differences between WCA and CA that were less than 15%.CONCLUSION: The in vitro results show that apheresis PLT units can be stored without agitation for 7 to 8 hours immediately after collection and also subsequently during storage for 24 hours with minimal influence on in vitro PLT properties compared to continuously agitated PLTs.
Is there a clinical need for a diagnostic test allowing detection of chain type–specific anti‐A and anti‐B? (CME)
Authors: Lindberg Linda , Johansson Sandra M. , Liu Jining , Grufman Per , Holgersson Jan 
Published: September 2010

BACKGROUND: Hemagglutination for detection and semiquantification of ABO antibodies is associated with large center‐to‐center variations and poor reproducibility. Because acceptance for transplantation and diagnosis of rejection in ABO‐incompatible transplantation rely on the levels and specificity of ABO antibodies, reproducible tests that allow their detection and specificity determination are required.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: The level of chain type–specific anti‐A and anti‐B were analyzed in the sera of 44 healthy individuals of known ABO blood group using an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with polyacrylamide (PAA) conjugates of blood group A and B trisaccharides or Type 2 chain A and B tetrasaccharides. Selected sera were further analyzed by hemagglutination and in an ELISA with Types 1 to 4 chain A or B neoglycolipids (NGL) as antigens.RESULTS: Immunoglobulin (Ig)G anti‐A and anti‐B levels were higher (p ≤ 0.05) in blood group O than in B and A individuals. More IgM anti‐A and anti‐B cross‐reactivity was detected in AB serum on PAA‐conjugated A and B trisaccharides than on the tetrasaccharides. One of 11 blood group B and two of 12 A individuals had IgG antibodies binding the tetrasaccharide despite lack of, or very low reactivity with, the trisaccharides. IgG antibodies preferring the A and B Type 2 tetrasaccharides were of the IgG2 subclass. The NGL ELISA further supported the presence of chain type–specific anti‐A and ‐B antibodies among nonsensitized, healthy individuals.CONCLUSION: An ELISA with structurally defined ABH antigens will allow the antibody class and fine specificity of ABO antibodies to be determined, which may improve risk assessment in ABO‐incompatible transplantation.
Survival of Plasmodium falciparum in human blood during refrigeration
Authors: Chattopadhyay Rana , Majam Victoria F. , Kumar Sanjai 
Published: September 2010

BACKGROUND: Transfusion‐transmitted malaria remains a serious concern for blood safety. Viable Plasmodium parasites must be present in human blood to transmit malaria, but their survival in blood over time stored under refrigeration has never been carefully investigated.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: We spiked leukoreduced normal human blood with Plasmodium falciparum (3D7 strain) asexual ring‐stage parasites and stored it at 4°C for 28 days, taking samples at different days intervals. We evaluated the samples for parasitemia by blood film microscopy and by culturing red blood cells (RBCs) to allow further development of parasites.RESULTS: We observed a significant reduction in parasitemia (0.5% vs. 0.12%) after only 1 day in storage at 4°C. Thereafter, reduction in parasitemia was relatively gradual. Microscopically detectable parasites were present even after 28 days of storage. However, after storing for more than 14 days at 4°C, parasites no longer replicated when cultured in vitro.CONCLUSION: Although the storage of asexual blood‐stage P. falciparum parasites at 4°C is detrimental to their survival (a 7.1‐fold reduction in parasitemia after 14 days in storage), parasites remained microscopically detectable for 28 days, the end time point of our study. Further in vitro and in vivo studies will be needed to confirm loss of viability of P. falciparum after 14 days in storage, but our initial efforts repeatedly failed to show maturation and development of the parasites in cultured RBCs after that time.
Use of additive solutions and pathogen inactivation treatment of platelet components in a regional blood center: impact on patient outcomes and component utilization during a 3‐year period
Authors: Cazenave Jean‐Pierre , Isola Hervé , Waller Chantal , Mendel Isabelle , Kientz Daniel , Laforêt Michel , Raidot Jean‐Pierre , Kandel Gérard , Wiesel Marie‐Louise , Corash Laurence 
Published: September 2010

BACKGROUND: The Etablissement Français du Sang Alsace (EFS Alsace) successively implemented universal use of platelet additive solutions (PASs) and pathogen inactivation (PI) for platelet components (PCs). To assess the impact of these changes, EFS Alsace evaluated PC use, red blood cell (RBC) component use, and transfusion‐related adverse events after implementation of these new technologies.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: EFS Alsace prospectively collects data on production, distribution, and response to transfusion of all blood components with greater than 99.5% data acquisition. Adverse events attributed to platelet (PLT) transfusions were collected through a mandatory, active hemovigilance program. A retrospective review of prospectively collected data was conducted covering three periods: 1) apheresis and whole blood–derived PCs in plasma, 2) apheresis and whole blood–derived PCs with PAS, and 3) PCs prepared with PI and PAS. Data on component utilization were analyzed for all patients receiving PCs in each period and for the subset of hematology‐oncology patients to evaluate PC use in an intensely transfused population. Values for all continuous variables were summarized as mean and standard deviation, median, and range.RESULTS: Approximately 2000 patients received PCs in each period. PLT and RBC use per patient was not increased after PI (analysis of variance, F = 1.9 and 2.9, respectively) and the incidence of acute transfusion reactions was significantly reduced (p < 0.001).CONCLUSIONS: Universal use of PI was implemented without impacting component use, as indicated by total dose of PLTs per patient, and outcomes to transfusion were improved.
Cord blood banking and transplantation at the Mexican Institute of Social Security: the first 5 years
Authors: Guerra‐Marquez Angel , Novelo‐Garza Barbara , Malagón‐Martínez Araceli , Limon‐Flores Alejandro , Luna‐Bautista Fernando , Juan‐Shum Luis , Montero‐Ponce Ines , Sanchez‐Valle Elizabeth , Peñaflor Karina , Vélez‐Ruelas Maria Antonieta , Romero‐Juárez Yanin , Mayani Hector 
Published: September 2010

BACKGROUND: In January 2005, the Cord Blood Bank (CBB) at the Mexican Institute of Social Security initiated activities. Herein, we describe the experience generated during this period (January 1, 2005‐December 31, 2009).STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Good manufacturing practices and standard operating procedures were used to address donor selection, as well as umbilical cord blood (UCB) collection, processing, and cryopreservation. Based mainly on HLA and nucleated cell content, specific UCB units were thawed, processed, and released for transplantation.RESULTS: A total of 589 UCB units were stored, representing 54% of the total number of units collected. Forty‐eight units (8.14% of the stored units) were released for transplantation of 36 patients. Twenty‐six patients (72% of cases) corresponded to patients with acute leukemia, five (14%) to patients with marrow failure, and the rest (five; 14%) to patients with hemoglobinopathies and other syndromes. The median number of nucleated cells infused per patient was 6.71 × 107/kg and the median number of CD34+ cells was 4.8 × 105/kg. Current engraftment data indicate that engraftment occurred in 56%, and no engraftment in 44%, of cases. Engraftment was more frequent (59%) in patients that received more than 3 × 107 total nucleated cells (TNCs)/kg body weight, than in those receiving fewer than 3 × 107 TNCs/kg (40%). Myeloid engraftment was observed 7 to 54 days posttransplant (median, 23 days), whereas platelet engraftment was detected on Days 12 to 87 posttransplant (median, 38 days). To date, the disease‐free survival rate was 41% and the overall survival was 47%, with survival periods of 126 to 1654 days.CONCLUSION: Although the experience presented herein is still limited and the period of analysis is still short, the results obtained during these 5 years are encouraging.
Analysis of Chinese donors' return behavior
Authors: Guo Nan , Wang Jingxing , Ness Paul , Yao Fuzhu , Dong Xiangdong , Bi Xinhong , Mei Heili , Li Julin , He Weilan , Lu Yunlai , Ma Hongli , Wen Xiuqiong , Huang Mei , Wright David J. , King Melissa , High Patrick , Nelson Kenrad , Shan Hua ,   for the NHLBI Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study‐II (REDS‐II), International Component
Published: September 2010

BACKGROUND: It is important to understand donor return behavior. Converting first‐time donors to become repeat donors is essential for maintaining an adequate blood supply.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Characteristics of 241,552 whole blood (WB) donations from first‐time and repeat donors who donated in 2008 at the five blood centers in China were compared. A subset of 54,394 WB donors who donated between January 1 and March 31, 2008, were analyzed for their return behavior in 2008 after the index donation using logistic regression.RESULTS: Of all donations, 64% were from first‐time donors. Donors with self‐reported previous donations tended to be male, older, and married; donated larger volume (≥300 mL); and were heavier in weight. Among donors who donated from January to March 2008, 14% returned for subsequent WB donations by the end of 2008. The number of previous donations and blood collection location were the two strongest predictors for making subsequent donations. Donors with one, two to three, and more than three previous donations were 3.7, 5.7, and 11.0 times more likely to return than first‐time donors. Those who donated in a blood collection vehicle were four times more likely to return than those who donated at a blood center. Being female, younger, and of a lower education level (middle school or less) were positively associated with subsequent return blood donation during the follow‐up period observed in this study.CONCLUSION: Most of the Chinese blood supply is from first‐time donors. Strategies aimed at encouraging current donors to become repeat donors are needed.
Implications of demographics on future blood supply: a population‐based cross‐sectional study
Authors: Greinacher Andreas , Fendrich Konstanze , Brzenska Ralf , Kiefel Volker , Hoffmann Wolfgang 
Published: September 2010

BACKGROUND: Data on blood recipients are sparse and unconnected to data on blood donors. The objective was to analyze the impact of the demographic change on future blood demand and supply in a German federal state.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A population‐based cross‐sectional study was conducted. For all in‐hospital transfused red blood cells (RBCs; n = 95,477), in the German federal state Mecklenburg‐Pomerania in 2005, characteristics of the patient and the blood donor (118,406 blood donations) were obtained. Population data were used to predict blood demand and supply until 2020.RESULTS: By 2020 the population increase of those aged 65 years or more (+26.4%) in Mecklenburg‐Pomerania will be paralleled by a decrease of the potential donor population (18‐68 years; −16.1%). Assuming stable rates per age group until 2020, the demand for in‐hospital blood transfusions will increase by approximately 25% (24,000 RBC units) while blood donations will decrease by approximately 27% (32,000 RBC units). The resulting, predicted shortfall is 47% of demand for in‐hospital patients (56,000 RBC units). Validation using historical data (1997‐2007) showed that the model predicted the RBC demand with a deviation of only 1.2%. Demographic changes are particularly pronounced in former East Germany, but by 2030 most European countries will face a similar situation. The decrease of younger age groups requires an increase of blood donation rates and interdisciplinary approaches to reduce the need for transfusion to maintain sufficient blood supply.CONCLUSIONS: Demography is a major determinant of future transfusion demand. All efforts should be made by Western societies to systematically obtain data on blood donors and recipients to develop strategies to meet future blood demand.
Effect of yoga therapy on facial emotion recognition deficits, symptoms and functioning in patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Behere R. V. , Arasappa R. , Jagannathan A. , Varambally S. , Venkatasubramanian G. , Thirthalli J. , Subbakrishna D. K. , Nagendra H. R. , Gangadhar B. N. 
Published: September 2010

Behere RV, Arasappa R, Jagannathan A, Varambally S, Venkatasubramanian G, Thirthalli J, Subbakrishna DK, Nagendra HR, Gangadhar BN. Effect of yoga therapy on facial emotion recognition deficits, symptoms and functioning in patients with schizophrenia.Objective:  Facial emotion recognition deficits have been consistently demonstrated in schizophrenia and can impair socio‐occupational functioning in these patients. Treatments to improve these deficits in antipsychotic‐stabilized patients have not been well studied. Yoga therapy has been described to improve functioning in various domains in schizophrenia; however, its effect on FERD is not known.Method:  Antipsychotic‐stabilized patients randomized to receive Yoga (n = 27), Exercise (n = 17) or Waitlist group (n = 22) were assessed at baseline, 2nd month, and 4th month of follow‐up by raters blind to group status. Assessments included Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Socio‐Occupational Functioning Scale (SOFS), and Tool for Recognition of Emotions in Neuropsychiatric DisorderS (TRENDS).Results:  There was a significant positive correlation between baseline FERD and socio‐occupational functioning (r = 0.3, P = 0.01). Paired samples t test showed significant improvement in positive and negative symptoms, socio‐occupational functioning and performance on TRENDS (P < 0.05) in the Yoga group, but not in the other two groups. Maximum improvement occurred at the end of 2 months, and improvement in positive and negative symptoms persisted at the end of 4 months.Conclusion:  Yoga therapy can be a useful add‐on treatment to improve psychopathology, FERD, and socio‐occupational functioning in antipsychotic‐stabilized patients with schizophrenia.
The cost‐effectiveness of bortezomib in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma: Swedish perspective
Authors: Hornberger John , Rickert Joseph , Dhawan Ravinder , Liwing Johan , Aschan Johan , Löthgren Mikael 
Published: September 2010

AbstractObjectives:  To estimate the cost‐effectiveness of bortezomib (BTZ) compared with dexamethasone (DEX) and lenalidomide plus dexamethasone (LEN/DEX) for the treatment of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma in Sweden.Methods:  We used partitioned survival analysis to assess survival data decomposed into three states: (i) alive before disease progression; (ii) alive after progression; and (iii) dead. The effects of treatment on time to progression and overall survival (OS) were obtained from published reports of the APEX, MM‐009, and MM‐010 randomized clinical trials. Costs included drug and administration costs, adverse events, treatment of relapses, and end‐of‐life costs. Utility estimates were derived from the literature.Results:  BTZ mean OS was 57.4 months compared with 44.6 and 54.1 months for DEX and LEN/DEX, respectively. Mean lifetime direct medical costs per patient were approximately 2010 SEK 1 904 462, 1 278 854, and 2 450 588 for BTZ, DEX, and LEN/DEX, respectively. Mean incremental cost per quality‐adjusted life‐year of BTZ compared to DEX was 2010 SEK 902,874 (€95 073) (95% CI: 514 791, 962 416) and was dominant with respect to LEN/DEX.Conclusion:  BTZ and LEN/DEX are projected to prolong survival relative to DEX. From a Swedish perspective, BTZ is cost‐effective compared to DEX and LEN/DEX.
Oxidative stress status, clinical outcome, and β‐globin gene cluster haplotypes in pediatric patients with sickle cell disease
Authors: Rusanova Iryna , Escames Germaine , Cossio Gladys , De Borace Rosaura G. , Moreno Belgica , Chahboune Mariam , López Luís C. , Díez Tomas , Acuña‐Castroviejo Dario 
Published: September 2010

AbstractObjective:  To correlate the clinical and hematological features of β‐globin gene haplotypes with the oxidative stress status in pediatric patients with sickle cell disease (SCD).Methods:  A total of 95 patients with SCD and 40 healthy children were studied. The β‐globin cluster, plasma lipid peroxidation (LPO) and plasma nitrite plus nitrate (NOx), and erythrocyte content of glutathione (GSH) and glutathione disulfide (GSSG), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), reductase (GRd), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were measured.Results:  Plasma LPO (P < 0.001) and NOx (P < 0.05) were significantly higher in patients than in controls. In erythrocytes of patients with SCD, the activities of GRd (P < 0.001) and SOD (P < 0.05) were lower, and the GSSG/GSH ratio (P < 0.001) and GPx activity (P < 0.001) were higher than in controls. High LPO levels and low SOD plus GRd activities were associated with increased severity of clinical manifestations, which correspond mainly to patients with Bantu and Benin haplotypes. LPO levels were reduced in patients with high fetal hemoglobin (HbF) levels, whereas the NOx levels and GRd activity tended to increase in this group.Conclusion:  Our results detected an important oxidative stress in patients with SCD and suggest that at least three redox markers, i.e., LPO, GRd, and SOD, were related with their clinical outcomes. Moreover, a relationship between high HbF and low LPO, and high HbF and high GRd activity and NOx levels were found.