bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pulmonary Rehabilitation Exercises Effectively Improve Chronic Cough After Surgery for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Luo Nanzhi , Dai Fuqiang , Wang Xintian , Hu Binbin , Zhang Lin , Zhao Kejia 
Published: May 2024

Introduction Cough is a major complication after lung cancer surgery, potentially impacting lung function and quality of life. However, effective treatments for managing long-term persistent postoperative cough remain elusive. In this study, we investigated the potential of a pulmonary rehabilitation training program to effectively address this issue. Methods Between January 2019 and December 2022, a retrospective review was conducted on patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who underwent lobectomy and lymph node dissection via video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) at Daping hospital. Based on their postoperative rehabilitation methods, the patients were categorized into 2 groups: the traditional rehabilitation group and the pulmonary rehabilitation group. All patients underwent assessment using the Leicester cough questionnaire (LCQ) on the third postoperative day. Additionally, at the 6-month follow-up, patients’ LCQ scores and lung function were re-evaluated to assess the long-term effects of the pulmonary rehabilitation training programs. Results Among the 276 patients meeting the inclusion criteria, 195 (70.7%) were in the traditional rehabilitation group, while 81 (29.3%) participated in the pulmonary rehabilitation group. The pulmonary rehabilitation group showed a significantly lower incidence of cough on the third postoperative day (16.0% vs 29.7%, P = .018) and higher LCQ scores in the somatic dimension (5.09 ± .81 vs 4.15 ± 1.22, P = .007) as well as in the total score (16.44 ± 2.86 vs 15.11 ± 2.51, P = .018, whereas there were no significant differences in psychiatric and sociological dimensions. At the 6-month follow-up, the pulmonary rehabilitation group continued to have a lower cough incidence (3.7% vs 12.8%, P = .022) and higher LCQ scores across all dimensions: somatic (6.19 ± .11 vs 5.75 ± 1.20, P = .035), mental (6.37 ± 1.19 vs 5.85 ± 1.22, P = .002), sociological (6.76 ± 1.22 vs 5.62 ± 1.08, P < .001), and total (18.22 ± 2.37 vs 16.21 ± 2.53, P < .001). Additionally, lung function parameters including FVC, FVC%, FEV1, FEV1%, MVV, MVV%, DLCO SB, and DLCO% were all significantly higher in the pulmonary rehabilitation group compared to the traditional group. Conclusion Pulmonary rehabilitation exercises significantly reduced the incidence of postoperative cough and improved cough-related quality of life in patients undergoing lobectomy, with sustained benefits observed at the 6-month follow-up. Additionally, these exercises demonstrated superior lung function outcomes compared to traditional rehabilitation methods.
Empathy Amplified: Exploring the Transformative Potential of Understanding Auditory Hallucinations Through Staff Training
Authors: Zold Amanda Lynn , Jourdain Melissa K. 
Published: May 2024

Background: Stigmatization of individuals diagnosed with psychosis, especially those who experience auditory hallucinations, is a well-documented issue with negative outcomes on provision of care. Existing research has predominantly concentrated on experiential training for students, leaving a significant gap in knowledge regarding the training’s impact on practicing psychiatric nurses and technicians. Aims: This study aims to address this gap by investigating the efficacy of a concise, 1-hour educational activity designed to improve empathy, confidence, competence, and knowledge in psychiatric professionals. Methods: Participants engaged in a 1-hour training session that included simulated activities while listening to distressing voices and completed pretraining and posttraining assessments. Results: Results demonstrated a notable increase in empathy toward individuals who hear voices, suggesting that the training had a positive effect. Furthermore, significant differences were observed in the participants’ perceptions of the level of difficulty as well as increased levels of confidence and perceived competence in their ability to provide care. Conclusions: The results underscore the practicality and effectiveness of brief hearing voices simulations as a means to enhance the skills of existing health care providers. This approach allows professionals to better express empathy and gain a deeper understanding of the experiences of voice hearers.
Immediate response to intravitreal treatment for macular edema due to diabetes and retinal vein occlusion
Authors: Ratra Dhanashree , Murari Swetha , Dalan Daleena , Agarwal Vishvesh 
Published: May 2024

Purpose To objectively assess the immediate response to intravitreal treatment for macular edema and compare it across different agents. Methods This retrospective, comparative study included patients with macular edema due to diabetic retinopathy (DME) or vein occlusion who were treated with intravitreal injections of either steroids (triamcinolone acetonide or dexamethasone sustained release implant) or anti-vascular endothelial growth factor antibodies (VEGF). The central retinal thickness (CRT) and the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were measured 1 day after the injection and compared with immediate pre-injection values. Results There were 79 eyes (57 patients) including 51 eyes with DME, 18 with branch retinal vein occlusion edema (BRVO-ME), and 10 eyes with central retinal vein occlusion edema (CRVO-ME). The intravitreal agents were triamcinolone acetonide (TA)( n = 15), dexamethasone sustained release implant (DEX)( n = 22), ranibizumab ( n = 19), and bevacizumab ( n = 23). Statistically significant improvement in CRT was seen in all injection groups ( p < 0.05) while improvement in mean BCVA was significant only in the TA group ( p = 0.009). The mean change in CRT was maximum with steroids than with anti-VEGFs; viz. 159.47 µ in TA, 115.45 µ in DEX, 86.10 µ in ranibizumab, and 78.78 µ in bevacizumab group. Least amount of change was noted in the spongy type of macular edema (18.73 µ) while improvement in mean BCVA was statistically significant only in the cystoid group ( p = 0.01). Conclusions Comparatively, steroid agents showed better immediate response to therapy than anti-VEGFs. Maximum reduction in central retinal thickness was seen following triamcinolone acetonide injection. Cystoid edema showed better immediate response than spongy retinal thickening.
Impact of the cost-of-living crisis on patient preferences towards virtual consultations
Authors: Lunova Tetiana , Hurndall Katherine-Helen , Crespo Roberto , Howitt Peter , Leis Melanie , Grailey Kate , Darzi Ara , Neves Ana Luisa 
Published: May 2024

Introduction Since 2021, the world has been facing a cost-of-living crisis which has negatively affected population health. Meanwhile, little is known about its impact on patients’ preferences to access care. We aimed to analyse public preference for the modality of consultation (virtual vs face-to-face) before and after the onset of crisis and factors associated with these preferences. Methods An online cross-sectional survey was administered to the public in the United Kingdom, Germany, Italy and Sweden. McNemar tests were conducted to analyse pre- and post-crisis differences in preferences; logistic regression was used to examine the demographic factors associated with public preferences. Results Since the onset of crisis, the number of people choosing virtual consultations has increased in the United Kingdom (7.0% vs 9.5% P < 0.001), Germany (6.6% vs 8.6%, P < 0.008) and Italy (6.0% vs 9.8%, P < 0.001). Before the crisis, a stronger preference for virtual consultations was observed in people from urban areas (OR 1.28, 95% CI 1.05–1.56), while increasing age was associated with a lower preference for virtual care (OR 0.966, 95% CI 0.961–0.972). Younger people were more likely to switch to virtual care, while change to face-to-face was associated with younger age and lower income (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.12–1.62). Older adults were less likely to change preference. Conclusions Since the onset of the cost-of-living crisis, public preference for virtual consultations has increased, particularly in younger population. This contrasts with older adults and people with lower-than-average incomes. The rationale behind patients’ preferences should be investigated to ensure patients can access their preferred modality of care.
Feasibility and preliminary efficacy of behavioral activation for treatment of depression in autistic adolescents
Authors: Menezes Michelle , Burroughs Christina , Pappagianopoulos Jessica , Sadikova Eleonora , Fuhrmann Emily , Bohac Genevieve , Cross Robert , Witte Lauren , Brinkmann Gabrielle , Lemley Rachel , Sukhodolsky Denis G , Mazurek Micah O 
Published: May 2024

Depression is common among autistic youth and is associated with worse quality of life in this group. Despite significant need for high-quality efficacious treatments, there has been very limited research on interventions for depression in autistic youth. This single-arm pilot study examined the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a novel, behavior-based approach for treatment of depression symptoms in autistic adolescents without intellectual disability (i.e. Behavioral Activation for Autistic Adolescents, BA-A). BA-A is an individually delivered manualized 12-session treatment that utilizes established BA strategies and incorporates common mental health treatment adaptations for autistic young people. Of the 18 youth (11–16 years old) who enrolled, 15 completed all 12 treatment sessions, as well as pre-treatment, post-treatment, and follow-up assessment visits. Clinician treatment fidelity was quite high. Paired sample t-tests found that depression symptoms decreased pre- to post-BA-A according to multiple informants (i.e. self, caregiver, and independent evaluator), and treatment gains were maintained at 1-month follow-up. Paired sample t-tests also found that caregiver-reported anxiety symptoms and social skills improved pre-treatment to post-treatment. The results, although preliminary, indicate that BA-A may improve depression symptoms in autistic youth without intellectual disability. Furthermore, these promising findings suggest that a randomized controlled trial of BA-A is warranted. This trial was pre-registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05018169). Lay Abstract Depression is common among autistic youth and has a significant negative impact on quality of life and day-to-day functioning. Despite great need for efficacious treatments, there are currently limited research-supported interventions for depression symptoms in autistic young people. This study tested a novel, behavior-based approach or psychotherapy for treatment of depression symptoms in autistic adolescents without intellectual disability (i.e. Behavioral Activation for Autistic Adolescents, BA-A) with 15 youth (11–16 years old). BA-A is an individually delivered 12-session therapy that was developed for and to meet the needs of autistic youth with depression. Results found that autistic youth and their caregivers were able to participate in BA-A therapy sessions, and clinicians were able to deliver BA-A in accordance with the treatment manual. Notably, results demonstrated that autistic youth depression symptoms significantly improved after participating in BA-A. Furthermore, anxiety symptoms and social skills significantly improved following BA-A.
Sound contour map of absorber panels from industrial spinning and weaving wastes
Authors: El Messiry Magdi , Eid Elshiamaa , Ayman Yasmin 
Published: May 2024

Recycled fibers obtained from pre-textile waste present advantages and challenges in acoustic absorber design. This study examines the potential of incorporating textile waste into acoustic absorption systems, with a focus on pre-used waste, to increase the percentage of recycled fibers in the textile industry using the quantitative method Used to evaluate the efficiency of panels manufactured in different sound frequencies, from up to 2000 Hz, and, in some cases, up to 3000 Hz Observations indicate that surface cleaning products, pneumafil waste a twist, comb bat residue and waste grinders exhibit the highest sound absorption coefficients in and using waste samples In addition, a procedure has been developed to evaluate the sound absorption reduction coefficient, which exposes high correlations with values obtained by other methods Sound contour mapping further confirms the homogeneity of the sample and reveals the effectiveness of specific sound absorption systems, such as air condition station filters, spinning pneumafil waste, and weaving waste (samples 18, 20, 21, and 23). Nevertheless, the study of integration emphasizes the ability to reuse waste fibers for sound insulation that can absorb adequate sound, reduce reflected sound, and offer a promising solution for dealing with noise pollution. A thorough examination of sound contour maps across absorber surfaces is undertaken to account for the material structure of the absorber, ensuring an accurate representation of how sound is absorbed and distributed within the designated area.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of operative versus non-operative management for first time traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation in young adults
Authors: Cutteridge Joseph , Dixon Joe , Garrido Pierre , Peckham Nicholas , Smith Carolyn , Woods Alex , Gwilym Stephen 
Published: May 2024

Background The most appropriate management following primary traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation in young adults is unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated operative versus non-operative management. The primary outcome measure was re-dislocation rate, in contrast to the often reported ‘recurrent instability’, which includes subjective instability. Methods Our review was prospectively registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022322600) and reported as per PRISMA guidelines. Selection criteria included mean age of participants between 15 and 25 and minimum follow-up of 1 year. Results 21 studies meet the inclusion criteria with 5142 patients included. The mean age of patients was 23, with 87% male. There was a median of 54 patients per study and a mean follow up of 46 months per study. The mean re-dislocation rate was 16.08% in the operative group and 24.84% in the non-operative group. In the subgroup meta-analysis, including only RCTs, comparing arthroscopic stabilisation vs non-operative there was an odds ratio of 0.09, strongly favouring intervention. Discussion This systematic review found the literature available supports surgical intervention in patients under the age of 25, in order to reduce re-dislocation. However, there is a lack of cost-effectiveness data to support these findings, and this should be an area of future research.
Unvaccinated employees during Covid-19 emergency: Debating the Italian labour court referral
Authors: Sonnati Silvio 
Published: May 2024

This contribution examines the inadmissibility of a preliminary reference order submitted by the Court of Padua, Italy to the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU). The case involved the suspension of a worker, who, while legally obliged, declined to have the Covid-19 vaccine. The Italian court temporarily halted proceedings initiated by the worker's appeal. The author provides a comprehensive analysis facts of the case, the applicable national legislation, and the content of the preliminary reference order. The order scrutinised the compatibility of the conditional authorisation issued by the European Commission for the release of vaccines in circulation at that time. Additionally, it explored potential discrimination against workers who, by refusing vaccination, faced suspension from work without pay, as per explicit legal provisions. The contribution concludes by addressing the specific details of the inadmissibility ruling from the CJEU. Case: Judgment of the Court (Second Chamber) of 13 July 2023. D. M. v Azienda Ospedale-Università di Padova. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunale Ordinario di Padova. Reference for a preliminary ruling – Public health – National legislation imposing a vaccination obligation on health professionals – Suspension from duty without pay for personnel refusing the vaccine – Regulation (EC) No 726/2004 – Medicinal products for human use – Vaccines against Covid-19 – Regulation (EC) No 507/2006 – Validity of conditional marketing authorisations – Regulation (EU) 2021/953 – Prohibition of discrimination between vaccinated and unvaccinated persons – Inadmissibility.
Prevalence of priformis syndrome in sciatica patients: Predictability of specific tests and radiological findings for diagnosis
Authors: Yürük Damla , Can Ezgi , Genç Perdecioglu Gevher Rabia , Yıldız Gökhan , Akkaya Ömer Taylan 
Published: May 2024

Background The traditional approach for diagnosing piriformis syndrome (PS) is to rule out other causes of sciatica. This approach may lead to unnecessary radiological examinations and a waste of time. In contrast to the traditional approach, we aimed to first exclude PS and determine its prevalence by injecting patients with priformis tenderness. Methods This observational cross-sectional study included patients diagnosed with PS who had sciatica and tenderness on palpation of the priformis muscle and whose pain was reduced by at least 50% with local injection. Age, sex, pain duration, presence of tenderness in the piriformis muscle, Freiberg test, PACE sign, FADIR, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score, Douleur Neuropathique 4 Questions (DN4) score, and radiological findings were compared between patients who responded and those who did not respond to the priformis injection. Results A total of 110 patients with sciatica were evaluated, of whom 66 with tenderness on palpation of the primiformis muscle underwent local injection. In 27 of the 66 patients (40.9%), a decrease in the NRS score of >50% was observed after injection, and PS was diagnosed. There were no statistically significant differences in age, sex, pain duration, Pace, FADIR test positivity, radiological findings, NRS, and DN4 scores, but Freiberg test positivity was statistically higher in patients diagnosed with PS. Conclusion PS is more common than is thought to be a cause of sciatica. A positive Freiberg test is predictive for the diagnosis of PS, but it should be confirmed by tenderness of the priformis muscle and local injection. Many pathologies can be detected incidentally radiographically in PS; however, they are not predictive of the diagnosis.
Emergency Scenario-Based Training Curriculum Development: Enhancement of Caregivers for the Elderly’ Emergency Assistance Competency in a Rural Thai Community
Authors: Pongtriang Praditporn , Soontorn Thassanee , Sumleepun Jaruwat , Chuson Noawarat 
Published: May 2024

Background Caregivers for the elderly are a critical component of the health care system, especially in rural communities. They play a crucial role, assisting older people in confronting emergency illnesses. Objective The study describes the process of developing an emergency scenario-based training curriculum (ESBTC) for caregivers of the elderly, focusing on geriatric life-threatening surveillance and emergency assistance (GLTSEA) in rural communities. Methods The descriptive qualitative research utilized for developing the ESBTC followed Karn's six steps of curriculum development: (1) needs assessment, (2) targeted needs assessment, (3) goals and objectives, (4) educational strategies, (5) implementation, and (6) evaluation and feedback. The research sample comprised community representatives engaged in providing care during emergency illnesses, emergency experts, and health care providers. A group discussion and focus group were conducted along with semi-structured interviews. The data were analyzed by content analysis following Creswell's six steps. Results The results revealed problems and needs related to the care and management of emergency illnesses in rural communities. Five main themes emerged, including insufficient knowledge, difficulties in communication, mindfulness and self-confidence, Unable to assess the initial symptoms, and a need for skills development. In the development step, the curriculum focused on skill development and continued follow-up to ensure necessary skills, such as providing basic life support, using automated external defibrillators, through training scenarios. In the evaluation step, the participants indicated that their emergency assistance skills had improved. The six main themes that emerged regarding the training continuity, courses, and competencies needed to support the emergency system for caregivers were benefits and value, competence enhancements, upstreaming confidence, sustainable development, challenges in curriculum development, and effective strategies. Conclusions The ESBTC combines community-based and realistic scenarios, involving the participation of community stakeholders. It is crucial to gather community feedback and needs assessments to formulate potential strategies as part of the curriculum.
Impact of On-the-Job Training on Nurses’ Performance in Creating a Healing Environment and Clustered Nursing Care for Premature
Authors: Hendy Abdelaziz , Alsharkawy Sabah Saad , Al-Kurdi Zeinab , El-Nagger Nahed Saied , Hendy Ahmed , Sayed Salwa , Al-Mugheed Khalid , Alsenany Samira Ahmed , Farghaly Abdelaliem Sally Mohammed 
Published: May 2024

Introduction Premature infants require specialized care, and nurses need to have specific skills and knowledge to provide this care effectively. Objective To evaluate the impact of an on-the-job training program on the improvement of nurses’ knowledge and practice related to creation of a healing environment and clustering nursing procedures. Methods From January to April 2022, a study utilizing a one-group pre- and post-test design was conducted at NICUs in governmental hospitals. The study participants involved 80 nurses working in these NICUs. Researchers used predesigned questionnaire and checklist practice to collect the data pre and post the intervention. Results 37.5% of the participants were aged between 25 and less than 30 years, with a mean age of 28.99 ± 7.43 years. Additionally, 73.7% of the nurses were female, with a mean experience of 9.45 ± 3.87 years. Prior to the intervention, the study found that a majority of the nurses (62.4%) demonstrated poor knowledge. However, after the intervention, a significant improvement was observed, with 60.0% of the nurses demonstrated good knowledge. Likewise, prior to the intervention, the study revealed that the majority of the nurses (83.8%) exhibited incompetent practice. However, post-intervention, a substantial improvement was observed, with 81.3% of the nurses demonstrated competent practice. Conclusion On-the-job training had significant improvements in nurses’ knowledge and practices regarding applying healing environments and clustering nursing care. On-the-job training is suggested as an adaptable, effective and low-cost technique to train nurses. To maintain the improvement achieved, ongoing instruction, feedback, assessment/reassessment, and monitoring are encouraged.