bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of various submucous resection techniques of septal cartilage on nasal tip projection
Authors: Zoumalan Richard A. , Morris Luc G.T. , Zeitler Daniel M. , Shah Anil R. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractBackgroundThere is little research which determines whether septoplasty affects nasal projection.ObjectivesTo assess the effect of various septoplasty (submucous resection, SMR) techniques on nasal tip projection in a fresh cadaver model.MethodsThe nasal tip projection was measured on 6 fresh cadaver heads and compared postoperatively after a sequence of submucous septoplasty maneuvers. Five different septoplasty techniques were performed in the same sequence on each cadaver. After each technique, measurements were performed.ResultsRemoval of a central square piece of quadrangular cartilage resulted in a loss of projection in 3 in 6 (50%) heads, with average loss of 7.76%. Removal of additional cartilage along the bony cartilaginous junction resulted in no loss of projection. Removing more septum along the floor resulted caused a change loss in nasal projection in 1 in 6 (17%) cadavers. Removing the remaining septum, except for the L‐strut resulted in a loss of projection in 2 in 6 (33%) heads with an average percent change in tip projection of 9.08%. Swinging door technique resulted in a loss of projection in 1 cadaver (17%), with loss of 6.25%. All 6 cadavers experienced loss of nasal projection. When all maneuvers were taken in total, there was a statically significant average decrease in projection of 8.93% (range, 5.00–13.04%, p = 0.008).ConclusionPrimary septoplasty carries a risk of nasal tip projection, with certain maneuvers carrying higher risk. © 2011 ARS‐AAOA, LLC.
Utility of novel 3‐dimensional stereoscopic vision system for endoscopic sinonasal and skull‐base surgery
Authors: Manes R. Peter , Barnett Sam , Batra Pete S. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe objective of this pilot study was to evaluate the utility of novel 3‐dimensional (3D) endoscopy during endoscopic sinonasal and skull base surgery.MethodsEight surgeries were performed in 7 patients between August 2009 and March 2010 at a tertiary care academic medical center. A high‐definition 2‐dimensional (2D) endoscopy system was employed in all cases. The Visionsense stereoscopic system (Orangeburg, NY) was incorporated during key portions of the procedures. Two independent surgeons assessed utility of the technology for the following 2 variables: (1) ability to facilitate orientation and depth perception; and (2) impact on completeness of surgery and potential complications.ResultsThe mean age was 50.4 years and the male:female ratio was 6:1. Indications included anterior skull base (ASB) tumor resection (5), directed skull base biopsies (2), and ethmoid dissection adjacent to dehiscent skull base/optic nerve in allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (1). Endoscopic orientation and depth perception was aided using the 3D endoscope in all cases. Additional interventions were performed in 3 cases (37.5%), including tumor resection (1) and removal of remnant ethmoid partitions (2). Limitations posed included inability to visualize a type III frontal cell (1) and loss of orientation during ASB reconstruction due to overmagnification (1). No complications were observed in this patient series.ConclusionThis preliminary study demonstrated the effectiveness of binocular 3D endoscopy during sinonasal and skull‐base surgery. The technology facilitated depth perception and completeness of surgery without increase in complications. Additional experience is warranted to define its role in the endoscopic surgical paradigm. © 2011 ARS‐AAOA, LLC.
Middle turbinate medialization for improved access during endoscopic sinus surgery
Authors: Lee Michael R. , Marple Bradley F. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractIntroductionProper management of the middle turbinate in endoscopic sinus surgery is often a topic of debate. Most authors, however, agree in the need to prevent lateralization. We describe our preferred technique and stress the timing of the medialization procedure.MethodsThe middle turbinates are sutured to the nasal septum at the beginning of the operation. This allows optimal access to the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses during the entirety of the operation.DiscussionMultiple techniques have been described to prevent lateralization of the middle turbinate. It is our opinion that implementing the proposed technique at the start of the surgery allows for optimal exposure during the operation. © 2011 ARS‐AAOA, LLC.
Assessing risk/benefit of lumbar drain use for endoscopic skull‐base surgery
Authors: Ransom Evan R. , Palmer James N. , Kennedy David W. , Chiu Alexander G. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractBackgroundLumbar drains (LD) are frequently employed with the goal of postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak prevention. LD placement is not without risk, however, and complications can significantly increase patient discomfort and resource utilization. The objective of this work was to characterize the risks, benefits, and resource utilization associated with LD use in endoscopic anterior skull‐base surgery.MethodsA retrospective review of endoscopic anterior skull‐base surgeries performed by the senior authors over the past 5 years was done. Cases with prospective LD were selected using anesthesia and billing records. Analysis was done of indications, LD duration, complications, revisions, and additional care required.ResultsA total of 65 patients had LD placed prospectively at the time of surgery. LD were in place for an average of 63 ± 38 hours. Four cases (6.2%) required revision surgery for postoperative CSF leak. Leak rates did not differ between patients with neoplasm (7.7%) and without neoplasm (5.8%; p = 0.80). One readmission was attributable to a recurrent leak. Nine LD complications occurred in 8 patients (12.3%). Overall, 6 blood patches, 3 head computed tomography (CT) scans, 1 open removal of retained catheter fragments, 1 spine CT, and an infectious disease workup were required. Three readmissions and 10 additional hospital days were attributable to LD complications. No relationship was found between patient demographics or comorbidities and LD complications. Regression analysis showed no significant effect of body mass index (odds ratio [OR], 1.01; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.89–1.14; p = 0.87) or duration of LD (OR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.98–1.02; p = 0.85) on complication risk. Diagnosis of neoplasm was associated with a significant increase in likelihood of complication (OR, 5.33; 95% CI, 1.11–25.64; p < 0.04).ConclusionComplications of LD may be more frequent than postoperative CSF leaks, adding significantly to health care resource utilization. It is difficult to predict which patients will suffer LD complications. Reduction of prospective LD use may avoid unnecessary morbidity and resource utilization. © 2011 ARS‐AAOA, LLC.
Upregulation of RANTES in nasal polyps from patients with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Scapa Victor I. , Ramakrishnan Vijay R. , Mudd Pamela A. , Kingdom Todd T. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractBackgroundNasal polyps in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are believed to be phenotypically different than polyps affecting non‐CF patients. The objective of this study was to characterize the expression of inflammatory cytokines within nasal polyps from CF and non‐CF, aspirin‐tolerant patients. “Regulated on activation, normal T‐cell expressed and secreted” (RANTES) is a chemotactic cytokine involved in the recruitment and activation of eosinophils. Multiple molecular studies of non‐CF polyps have established that RANTES may play an important role in nasal polyposis. Our study suggests RANTES may be upregulated in CF polyps relative to non‐CF polyps.MethodsNasal polyps were prospectively obtained from CF and non‐CF, aspirin‐tolerant patients. The Quantibody™ Human Cytokine Array I from RayBiotech, Inc., was used to identify differences in cytokine expression between protein extracts of two polyp groups. Four CF polyp extracts and 4 non‐CF, aspirin‐tolerant polyp extracts were each incubated on identical antibody subarrays, each containing 20 human cytokines in quadruplicate. Western blot analysis confirmed expression of RANTES.ResultsThe protein microarray suggests a greater than 4‐fold upregulation of RANTES in CF polyps relative to non‐CF polyps. Western blot analysis confirmed expression of RANTES in CF polyps.ConclusionChemokines such as RANTES are responsible for the activation of inflammatory cells within the lamina propria of nasal polyps. We have demonstrated that RANTES may be an important cytokine associated with CF polyps. © 2011 ARS‐AAOA, LLC.
Fate Map of Serotonin Transporter‐Expressing Cells in Developing Mouse Thyroid
Authors: Spina Anna , Rea Silviana , De Pasquale Valeria , Mastellone Vincenzo , Avallone Luigi , Pavone Luigi Michele 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA Cre/loxP‐based fate mapping approach was used to follow the regions of the mouse thyroid labeled by the serotonin transporter SERT. Reporter gene expression (lacZ) is activated by Cre expression from the SERT locus in SERTCre/+;ROSA26R compound mouse embryos. Cell labeling, first detected in the thyroid primordium at the E10.5 prenatal stage, was followed until the postnatal day P30. The co‐localization of lacZ staining in the same cells that express the transcription factors Nkx2.1 and Pax8 at the E12.5 stage confirms their identity as thyroid cell precursors. SERT immunohistochemistry on thyroid sections of E18.5 embryos showed SERT expression in thyroid follicular cells. Western blotting analysis confirmed the expression of the protein in adult thyroid tissue and cultured FRTL‐5 cells. These results describe the fate of SERT‐expressing cells during thyroid development, suggesting an active role of SERT in the development and functions of mammalian thyroid. They also highlight the possibility to use the SERT‐Cre mouse line as a good Cre driver in early thyroid development. Anat Rec, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Characterization of mosquito CYP6P7 and CYP6AA3: differences in substrate preference and kinetic properties
Authors: Duangkaew Panida , Pethuan Sirikun , Kaewpa Dolnapa , Boonsuepsakul Soamrutai , Sarapusit Songklod , Rongnoparut Pornpimol 
Published: February 2011

AbstractCytochrome P450 monooxygenases are involved in insecticide resistance in insects. We previously observed an increase in CYP6P7 and CYP6AA3 mRNA expression in Anopheles minimus mosquitoes during the selection for deltamethrin resistance in the laboratory. CYP6AA3 has been shown to metabolize deltamethrin, while no information is known for CYP6P7. In this study, CYP6P7 was heterologously expressed in the Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) insect cells via baculovirus‐mediated expression system. The expressed CYP6P7 protein was used for exploitation of its enzymatic activity against insecticides after reconstitution with the An. minimus NADPH‐cytochrome P450 reductase enzyme in vitro. The ability of CYP6P7 to metabolize pyrethroids and insecticides in the organophosphate and carbamate groups was compared with CYP6AA3. The results revealed that both CYP6P7 and CYP6AA3 proteins could metabolize permethrin, cypermethrin, and deltamethrin pyrethroid insecticides, but showed the absence of activity against bioallethrin (pyrethroid), chlorpyrifos (organophosphate), and propoxur (carbamate). CYP6P7 had limited capacity in metabolizing λ‐cyhalothrin (pyrethroid), while CYP6AA3 displayed activity toward λ‐cyhalothrin. Kinetic properties suggested that CYP6AA3 had higher efficiency in metabolizing type I than type II pyrethroids, while catalytic efficiency of CYP6P7 toward both types was not significantly different. Their kinetic parameters in insecticide metabolism and preliminary inhibition studies by test compounds in the flavonoid, furanocoumarin, and methylenedioxyphenyl groups elucidated that CYP6P7 had different enzyme properties compared with CYP6AA3. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Semantic search log analysis: A method and a study on professional image search
Authors: Hollink Vera , Tsikrika Theodora , de Vries Arjen P. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractExisting methods for automatically analyzing search logs describe search behavior on the basis of syntactic differences (overlapping terms) between queries. Although these analyses provide valuable insights into the complexity and successfulness of search interactions, they offer a limited interpretation of the observed searching behavior, as they do not consider the semantics of users' queries. In this article we propose a method to exploit semantic information in the form of linked data to enrich search queries so as to determine the semantic types of the queries and the relations between queries that are consecutively entered in a search session. This work provides also an in‐depth analysis of the search logs of professional users searching a commercial picture portal. Compared to previous image search log analyses, in particular those of professional users, we consider a much larger dataset. We analyze the logs both in a syntactic way and using the proposed semantic approach and compare the results. Our findings show the benefits of using semantics for search log analysis: the identified types of query modifications cannot be appropriately analyzed by only considering term overlap, since queries related in the most frequent ways do not usually share terms.
Acting or reacting? Preferential attachment in a people‐tagging system
Authors: Raban Daphne Ruth , Ronen Inbal , Guy Ido 
Published: February 2011

AbstractSocial technologies tend to attract research on social structure or interaction. In this paper we analyze the individual use of a social technology, specifically an enterprise people‐tagging application. We focus on active participants of the system and distinguish between users who initiate activity and those who respond to activity. This distinction is situated within the preferential attachment theory in order to examine which type of participant contributes more to the process of tagging. We analyze the usage of the people‐tagging application in a snapshot representing 3 years of activity, focusing on self‐tagging compared to tagging by and of others. The main findings are: (1) People who tag themselves are the most productive contributors to the system. (2) Preferential attachment saturation is reached at 12–14 tags per user. (3) The nature of participation is more significant than the number of participants for system growth. The paper concludes with theoretical and practical implications.
A method for eliminating articles by homonymous authors from the large number of articles retrieved by author search
Authors: Onodera Natsuo , Iwasawa Mariko , Midorikawa Nobuyuki , Yoshikane Fuyuki , Amano Kou , Ootani Yutaka , Kodama Tadashi , Kiyama Yasuhiko , Tsunoda Hiroyuki , Yamazaki Shizuka 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThis paper proposes a methodology which discriminates the articles by the target authors (“true” articles) from those by other homonymous authors (“false” articles). Author name searches for 2,595 “source” authors in six subject fields retrieved about 629,000 articles. In order to extract true articles from the large amount of the retrieved articles, including many false ones, two filtering stages were applied. At the first stage any retrieved article was eliminated as false if either its affiliation addresses had little similarity to those of its source article or there was no citation relationship between the journal of the retrieved article and that of its source article. At the second stage, a sample of retrieved articles was subjected to manual judgment, and utilizing the judgment results, discrimination functions based on logistic regression were defined. These discrimination functions demonstrated both the recall ratio and the precision of about 95% and the accuracy (correct answer ratio) of 90–95%. Existence of common coauthor(s), address similarity, title words similarity, and interjournal citation relationships between the retrieved and source articles were found to be the effective discrimination predictors. Whether or not the source author was from a specific country was also one of the important predictors. Furthermore, it was shown that a retrieved article is almost certainly true if it was cited by, or cocited with, its source article. The method proposed in this study would be effective when dealing with a large number of articles whose subject fields and affiliation addresses vary widely.
Not just information: Who searches for what on the search engine Google?
Authors: Waller Vivienne 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThis paper reports on a transaction log analysis of the type and topic of search queries entered into the search engine Google (Australia). Two aspects, in particular, set this apart from previous studies: the sampling and analysis take account of the distribution of search queries, and lifestyle information of the searcher was matched with each search query. A surprising finding was that there was no observed statistically significant difference in search type or topics for different segments of the online population. It was found that queries about popular culture and Ecommerce accounted for almost half of all search engine queries and that half of the queries were entered with a particular Website in mind. The findings of this study also suggest that the Internet search engine is not only an interface to information or a shortcut to Websites, it is equally a site of leisure. This study has implications for the design and evaluation of search engines as well as our understanding of search engine use.
Exploiting navigational queries for result presentation and caching in Web search engines
Authors: Ozcan Rifat , Altingovde Ismail Sengor , Ulusoy Ozgür 
Published: February 2011

AbstractCaching of query results is an important mechanism for efficiency and scalability of web search engines. Query results are cached and presented in terms of pages, which typically include 10 results each. In navigational queries, users seek a particular website, which would be typically listed at the top ranks (maybe, first or second) by the search engine, if found. For this type of query, caching and presenting results in the 10‐per‐page manner may waste cache space and network bandwidth. In this article, we propose nonuniform result page models with varying numbers of results for navigational queries. The experimental results show that our approach reduces the cache miss count by up to 9.17% (because of better utilization of cache space). Furthermore, bandwidth usage, which is measured in terms of number of snippets sent, is also reduced by 71% for navigational queries. This means a considerable reduction in the number of transmitted network packets, i.e., a crucial gain especially for mobile‐search scenarios. A user study reveals that users easily adapt to the proposed result page model and that the efficiency gains observed in the experiments can be carried over to real‐life situations.
Adaptive road border crossing system management: the role of priority programs
Authors: Brijmohan Andy , Khan Ata 
Published: February 2011

SUMMARYLand border crossings in North America, such as those between Canada and U.S.A., are expected to experience severe imbalance of travel demand and capacity of processors. During peak travel periods, this is already the case at high traffic locations. The land border crossing authorities have to address problems of congestion, national security and environmental impacts in the operation of the existing systems and to continue to address these problems as a part of infrastructure expansion plans. There is a need to adapt the crossing system management in order to accommodate efficiency and productivity‐oriented priority crossing measures. From a methodological perspective, it is a challenge to evaluate the role of priority crossing measures within the complex border crossing system. This paper reports research on modelling priority crossing initiatives. A microsimulation approach was used to model and analyse integrated processors of the Peace Bridge crossing system between Fort Erie (Ontario) and Buffalo (New York) under different scenarios of travel demand, customs processing times, priority crossing and queue jump lanes for automobile and truck traffic. Findings show the extent to which a border crossing system with priority crossing and queue jump lanes is more efficient and productive than one without these innovations. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A fuel tankering model applied to a domestic airline network
Authors: Guerreiro Fregnani José Alexandre Tavares , Müller Carlos , Correia Anderson Ribeiro 
Published: February 2011

SUMMARYThis paper presents a linear programming model designed to determine the optimum fuel loading quantities along a route network for a Brazilian domestic airline. Assuming that there are no volume purchase or storage capacity restrictions on each station, the analysis is carried out for one aircraft on one day of its schedule. Results are extrapolated for a monthly and yearly basis. Through the proposed model, it is seen that such a fuel tankering technique leads to a 5% economical saving, but produces a 1% additional fuel burn. A discussion on the environmental impact for this procedure is also proposed. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Starre Faltungen als Leichtbauprinzip im Bauwesen
Authors: Herkrath Ralf , Trautz Martin 
Published: February 2011

AbstractUnter dem Begriff “Starre Faltungen” sind neben Faltwerken und ähnlichen Konstruktionen des Bauwesens vor allem Anwendungen des Strukturformprinzips “Faltung” zu verstehen, wie sie z. B. Geodätische Kuppeln darstellen. Ihre facettenartigen dreieckigen oder rautenförmigen Blechelemente bilden einerseits die geometrischen Grundelemente eines regelmäßig geformten Körpers, nämlich der Kugel, andererseits die Bausteine eines Leichtbausystems, mit dem selbsttragende dreidimensional gekrümmte Raumflächen erzeugt werden.Auf Basis moderner Computermethoden lassen sich auch unregelmäßige, frei geformte Flächen‐ und Hüllformen unabhängig von mathematisch‐funktionalen Beschreibungen generieren, denen verschiedenartige Faltmuster — abhängig von der Gestaltung, der Fassadentechnik und dem statischem Verhalten — eingeprägt werden können. Diese Faltungen lassen sich geometrisch bis hin zum einzelnen Bauteil beschreiben, ausdetaillieren und in unterschiedlichen Materialien durchkonstruieren. Starre Faltungen repräsentieren so ein Leichtbauprinzip, das auf freie Formen angewendet, neue, noch unerschlossene bautechnische Dimensionen eröffnet.Rigid Folded Plate Construction as a Principle for Lightweight Buildings. The term “Rigid Folded Plate Construction” refers to conventional folded plate structures made of concrete as well as to applications of the morphological principle of folding as they are represented by thin‐walled‐structures like Geodesic Domes. Their facetted triangular elements on one hand form the geometrical basic elements of a regularly, mathematically defined body and on the other hand the structural components of a lightweight construction system.Based on modern computer methods irregular free‐form‐surfaces can also be generated independently from mathematical‐functional descriptions. These surfaces may be provided with different folding patterns, depending on the design or the requirements due to the façade engineering or static behavior. Those folded structures can be geometrically described down to the individual element and detailed out in different materials. This way rigid folded plate construction represents a principle of lightweight construction for free form facades and structures opening new and still unexplored structural dimensions.