bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinants of influenza non-vaccination among Canadian children: insights from a nationwide survey
Authors: Alami Abdallah , Dave Sailly , Uhlik Caren , Ebrahim Marwa , Krewski Daniel , Laroche Julie 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundTo identify determinants influencing Canadian parents’ decision not to vaccinate their children aged 6 months to 17 years against seasonal influenza.MethodsData from the 2022 Childhood COVID-19 Immunization Coverage Survey, a national survey of approximately 10,500 Canadian parents/guardians and their children, was analyzed. The survey examined influenza vaccine coverage, parental perspectives on vaccines, reasons for hesitancy, and factors influencing immunization. Socio-demographic characteristics, including ethnicity, household income, working sector, educational attainment, and prevalence of chronic medical conditions among children were considered. Historical vaccine uptake and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on immunization decisions were also reviewed. Key determinants of non-vaccination in the 2021–2022 influenza season were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression, with a statistical significance level set at p-value &lt;0·05.Results70% of children aged 6 months to 17 years did not receive the seasonal influenza vaccine. Key predictors for non-vaccination included: residing in rural settings (aOR 1·35, 95% CI 1·13–1·60), parental education attainment of less than high school (aOR 2·48, 95% CI 1·24–4·97), and the absence of chronic medical conditions in children (aOR 1.60, 95% CI 1.34-1.91)· Other strong predictors included lower household income; deterrence due to the COVID-19 pandemic; and parental hesitancy stemming from concerns about the vaccine’s safety, effectiveness, and by beliefs that their child was not at risk of contracting the influenza or severe consequences from the infection.ConclusionThis research underscores pivotal determinants of parental decisions not to vaccinate their children against seasonal influenza and sheds light on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The results highlight the importance of addressing safety concerns and providing clear information to alleviate hesitancy.
Phthalate and gallstones: the mediation of insulin
Authors: Tang Haoxian , Zhang Xuan , Huang Jingtao , Luo Nan , Chen Hongyu , Yang Qinglong , Lin Hanyuan , Hua Hao 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundExposure to a mixture of environmental chemicals may cause gallstone, but the evidence remains equivocal. The current study aims to investigate the association between phthalate metabolites and gallstones, and to explore their mediators.MethodsData from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017–2018 on U.S. adults (≥20 years) were analyzed to explore the association between phthalate metabolites and gallstones by employed survey-weighted logistic regression, restricted cubic spline (RCS), weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression, and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR). Mediation analyses examined the role of oxidative stress markers, inflammatory markers, metabolic syndrome, body composition, diabetes, and insulin.ResultsThe current study included 1,384 participants, representing 200.6 million U.S. adults. Our results indicated a significant association between phthalate metabolites, particularly high molecular weight metabolites such as Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid diisononyl ester (DINCH), and gallstones. Furthermore, mediation analyses indicated that phthalate metabolites may play a role in the development of gallstones by influencing insulin secretion. Subgroup analyses did not reveal significant interaction.ConclusionThe association between exposure to phthalates and the occurrence of gallstones, potentially mediated by hyperinsulinemia from a nationally representative epidemiological perspective. These insights contribute to a better understanding of the potential health implications of plasticizers, emphasizing the need for proactive management measures.
Solidifying the minority high school student pathway: evidence from the health professions recruitment and exposure program
Authors: Affini Murtala I. , Diaz Ashley , Dolan Daniel J. , Fletcher Symphony , Hasnain Isra , Selkridge Isaiah , Washington Stephanie , Pratt Abdullah 
Published: June 2024

PurposeThe objective of this report is to provide longitudinal insights on the impact of a health professions exposure program for high school students of underrepresented backgrounds in medicine.ContextMedical students at the University of Chicago reviewed data from their chapter of the Health Profession Recruitment and Exposure Program (HPREP) from 2016–2021 to discover trends in enrollment. This data is documented in the context of the program's mission to increase awareness of health disparities, the success of prominent alumni, and recent community efforts post-COVID-19 pandemic.FindingsTwo hundred and ninety-nine high school students participated in the University of Chicago HPREP program between 2016 and 2021. Participants ranged in age from 12 to 18 years (mean = 16, SD = 1) and 74% (n = 222) were female students. Of 252 respondents, 58% (n = 147) identified as Black or African American, 31% (n = 77) identified as Latinx or of Hispanic origin, and 10% (n = 24) identified as another race or as bi-racial. Ten or fewer black male students participated in the program every year, including the 2020–2021 year in which 61 students participated.ConclusionsHPREP has played an important role in shaping the face of health care, especially in Chicago. The data suggests significant increases in the number of underrepresented minority women becoming physicians and serving Chicago communities in the next decade. Pathway programs for underrepresented students in medicine should be strategic in recruiting and educating future health professionals based on future workforce needs.
The impact of intermittent fasting during Ramadan on psychomotor and cognitive skills in adolescent athletes
Authors: Bougrine Houda , Chalghaf Nasr , Azaiez Chiraz , Hammad Ayat S , Boussayala Ghada , Dhahri Moez , Henchiri Hamdi , Al-Saedi Ali Ibrahim Abd Ulwahid , Al-Hayali Mazin Dawood Ahmed , AL-Rubaiawi Ahmed Wateed Mazyed Shdr , Ezzi Ahmed Farooq Tawfeeq , AL-Sadoon Nabee Muttlak Nasser , Souissi Nizar , Azaiez Fairouz , Dergaa Ismail , Al-Asmakh Maha 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionIntermittent fasting (IF) represents a dietary intervention similar to caloric restriction, characterized by the strategic limitation of food consumption. Among the diverse array of practices for IF, Ramadan IF (RIF), a religious observance in Islam, mandates that healthy adult Muslims abstain from both food and drinks during daylight hours. In sports, researchers have extensively studied IF effects on health, including sleep and physical performance, but its impact on cognitive functions during RIF remains understudied. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the influence of RIF on psychomotor and cognitive performance among young female athletes.MethodsTo achieve this purpose, a cohort of 23 female handball players, aged 17.2 ± 0.5 years, participated in a series of six testing sessions: one conducted prior to Ramadan (R0), and others during the first (R1), second (R2), third (R3), and fourth (R4) weeks of Ramadan, followed by a session in the week after Ramadan (R5). Each session involved assessments using a Simple Reaction Time Test (SRT), Choice Reaction Time Test (CRT), Vigilance Test (VT), and Mental Rotation Test (MRT). Additionally, dietary intake, body composition, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores were evaluated during these periods.Results and discussionThe obtained data illustrated that there was a decrease in SRT, CRT, VT, and MRT performances during R1 in comparison to R0 (all p &lt; .001). This reduction was also observed in R2, R3, R4, and R5. Notably, during the fourth week of Ramadan (R4), these cognitive and psychomotor parameters were significantly lower than during the earlier weeks (R1, R2, R3; all p &lt; .001). Furthermore, a gradual decrease in total PSQI scores, sleep quality, and sleep duration was observed throughout the Ramadan period, reaching the lowest levels during R4. These findings illustrate that RIF has a significantly detrimental impact on neuromuscular and cognitive abilities as well as sleep quality in young female athletes. The study also highlights a fluctuating pattern in cognitive function across the four weeks of Ramadan, with the most pronounced decline observed during the final week of fasting illustrating the importance of conducting similar studies on normal individuals from both genders with larger sample size.
Social value framing of physical activity in European Member State policies: a content analysis
Authors: Ritchie I. , Nieto I. , Brunn M. , Mayo X. , Jimenez A. 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundEngagement in physical activity (PA) benefits physical and mental health as well as many other areas of society. In Europe however, 1/3 adults do not meet minimum PA recommendations. Social value, and its quantification through social return on investment (SROI) evidence, may be a useful framing to enhance PA promotion. This study aimed to assess the current use of social value framing of PA in European Union (EU) policies.MethodsContent analysis of 45 EU member state policies which contain reference to PA was conducted to evaluate the presence of five social value domains and SROI evidence. Data was analysed using manual inductive coding, supported by DeepL translation and NVivo tools.ResultsSocial value framing was present to a certain extent in existing policies, with improved health being the most commonly referenced benefit of PA, followed by reference to social and community and then environmental benefits. Acknowledgement of the positive impacts of PA on wellbeing and education was the least present. Reference to SROI evidence was also limited. Generally, policies lacked holistic recognition of the social value of PA. Policies from the health sector were particularly limited in recognising the wider benefits of PA, whilst those from the environmental sector acknowledged the widest range of co-benefits.ConclusionAdopting social value framing could be a useful approach for enhancing PA promotion. Whilst it is present to a certain extent in existing policy, this could be increased in terms of comprehensiveness to increase issue salience and multisectoral policy action.
The Real Experience of Lay Responders Performing Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: A Synthesis of Qualitative Evidence
Authors: Li Na , Shen Chen , Yang Xin , Wang Rao , Gu Lian Qi , Zhao Wei , Chu Zhi Ping 
Published: June 2024

ObjectivesTo synthesize qualitative evidence on the experience of lay responders performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).MethodsQualitative evidence synthesis was performed using the Thomas and Harden method. The PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, OVID Medline, Embase, CINAHL, CNKI, and WanFang databases were systematically searched. The quality of the research was assessed by the Critical Assessment Skills Program Tool (CASP).ResultsA total of 5,610 studies were identified, and 9 studies were included in the analysis. Four analytical themes were generated: emotional ambivalence before CPR, psychological tolerance during CPR, perceived experience after CPR, and enhancing psychological resilience.ConclusionLay responders face complicated psychological experience during CPR, which may be susceptible to psychological effects such as “loss aversion,” “bystander effects” and “knowledge curse.” In addition to the timely retraining of CPR, lay responders should be instructed to manage psychological distress and improve psychological resilience. More importantly, the psychological sequelae may be long-lasting, requiring ongoing psychological intervention and follow-up based on valuing transdisciplinarity across endeavours.
Short-Term and Long-Term Travel Time Prediction Using Transformer-Based Techniques
Authors: Lin Hui-Ting Christine , Dai Hao , Tseng Vincent S. 
Published: June 2024

In the evolving field of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSs), accurate and reliable traffic prediction is essential in enhancing management and planning capabilities. Accurately predicting traffic conditions over both short-term and long-term intervals is vital for the practical application of ITS. The integration of deep learning into traffic prediction has proven crucial in advancing traffic prediction beyond traditional approaches, particularly in analyzing and forecasting complex traffic scenarios. Despite these advancements, the existing methods are unable to effectively handle both short-term and long-term traffic patterns given their complex nature, revealing a need for more comprehensive forecasting solutions. To address this need, we propose a new approach named the Short-Term and Long-Term Integrated Transformer (SLIT). SLIT is a Transformer-based encoder–decoder architecture, designed for the effective prediction of both short-term and long-term travel time durations. The architecture integrates the Enhanced Data Preprocessing (EDP) with the Short-Term and Long-Term Integrated Encoder–Decoder (SLIED). This harmonious combination enables SLIT to effectively capture the complexities of traffic data over varying time horizons. Extensive evaluations on a large-scale real-world traffic dataset demonstrate the excellence of SLIT compared with existing competitive methods in both short- and long-term travel time predictions across various metrics. SLIT exhibits significant improvements in prediction results, particularly in short-term forecasting. Remarkable improvements are observed in SLIT, with enhancements of up to 9.67% in terms of all evaluation metrics across various time horizons. Furthermore, SLIT demonstrates the capability to analyze traffic patterns across various road complexities, proving its adaptability and effectiveness in diverse traffic scenarios with improvements of up to 10.83% in different road conditions. The results of this study highlight the high potential of SLIT in significantly enhancing traffic prediction within ITS.
Geographic Location Affects the Bacterial Community Composition and Diversity More than Species Identity for Tropical Tree Species
Authors: Ji Kepeng , Wei Yaqing , Lan Guoyu 
Published: June 2024

Microorganisms associated with plants play a crucial role in their growth, development, and overall health. However, much remains unclear regarding the relative significance of tree species identity and spatial variation in shaping the distribution of plant bacterial communities across large tropical regions, as well as how these communities respond to environmental changes. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the characteristics of bacterial community composition in association with two rare and endangered tropical tree species, Dacrydium pectinatum and Vatica mangachapoi, across various geographical locations on Hainan Island. Our findings can be summarized as follows: (1) Significant differences existed in the bacterial composition between D. pectinatum and V. mangachapoi, as observed in the diversity of bacterial populations within the root endosphere. Plant host-related variables, such as nitrogen content, emerged as key drivers influencing leaf bacterial community compositions, underscoring the substantial impact of plant identity on bacterial composition. (2) Environmental factors associated with geographical locations, including temperature and soil pH, predominantly drove changes in both leaf and root-associated bacterial community compositions. These findings underscored the influence of geographical locations on shaping plant-associated bacterial communities. (3) Further analysis revealed that geographical locations exerted a greater influence than tree species identity on bacterial community compositions and diversity. Overall, our study underscores that environmental variables tied to geographical location primarily dictate changes in plant bacterial community composition. These insights contribute to our understanding of microbial biogeography in tropical regions and carry significant implications for the conservation of rare and endangered tropical trees.
Writing as Resilience: Holocaust Trauma in Select Novels of Elie Wiesel
Authors: Ronald David L 
Published: June 2024

“Most Consciences are satisfied quickly enough, and need only a few words in order to reach a definitive opinion of the unknowable” (111, Edkins, Trauma and the Memory of Politics). Most trauma writings are considered as spring boards for furthering academic mileage or presenting a paper to inflate the curriculum vitae or credentials that fetch some perks. As a student of literature I always had a skeptical take on the confessional poetry of Kamala Dass which was otherwise categorized as erotic, revealing kind of writing and mostly not regarded as something important. But after reading novels on Armenian genocide, holocaust and world war , it became evident that people write about their trauma: collective, personal or social in order to inform, support and to convey a stronger message that writing is a way of displaying their solidarity and courage. To put in in William Faulkner’s terms, these writers prefer writing as resilience to reiterate that the past is not dead, infact it is not even past. Only a few care to read between the lines and it is important to learn why people write on trauma: personal, collective or generational which technically lie outside the boundaries of experience, unfathomable but welling up waves of perennial pain and horror that need to be vented but no specific ways or means can ever drain it out. By the time one finishes to understand the definition of trauma painted by the linguistic or symbolic yardsticks, it feels like mind draining activity. This paper tries to unravel the rationale of writing trauma and the reverberations of trauma through the select works of Elie Wiesel.
الرّمز في روايات فاضل العزاوي
Authors: م. د. سندس حامد عمران  
Published: June 2024

تهدف هذه الدّراسة إلى كشف تجليات النّزعة الرّمزيّة ومظاهرها التي عرفتها الرّواية وربطها بمرجعياتها ومصادرها في تراثنا العربي والإسلامي .
يعد الرّمز من أهم التّقانات الفنيّة التي وظفتها الرّواية المعاصرة للتعبير عن تنوع عوالمها الدلاليّة. وقد أدرك النّقاد والباحثون أهميّة الرّمز من خلال عدة دراسات تناولته بالبحث والتّحليل
المدارس السريانية وتأثيرات الفكر المسيحي _مدرسة الرها إنموذجاً_
Authors: م. د. هدى علي حيدر  
Published: June 2024

شكّلت اللغة السريانية الحلقة الرابطة التي سمحت للشرقين الأدنى والأوسط، بامتلاك منجزات العلم اليوناني، حيث استطاع هذا العلم أن يبلغ في مرحلة معينة تطوراً إبداعياً جديداً على أرضية عربية وفارسية. ففي عهد السلوقيين، أصبحت إنطاكية منطقة تلاق وتبادل الثقافات بعد أن أدخلت العناصر الإغريقية في الوسط الثقافي السرياني، مما جعل من إنطاكية منافسة للإسكندرية، نتيجة لما وصلت إليها من تقدم في المستوى التعليمي. أنشأت المدارس عند السريان بشكل فعّال، منذ دخولهم في المسيحية، فانتشرت في بيئتهم انتشاراً كبيراً جعلتهم في طليعة شعوب الشرق ثقافة وبلاغة، فضلاً عن ما أنجبته تلك المدارس من العلماء والأعلام والمؤلفين، الذين ذاعت شهرتهم شرقاً وغرباً.
الانتشار الواسع للثقافة السريانية، كان مرتبط بتاريخ مدن ما بين النهرين، التي تشغل مدينتا الرها ونصيبين المكانة الأكثر ريادة وطليعية بينها، سواء كمواقع اقتصادية ومنشآت حرفية، أو كمراكز تجارية وتعليمية على مستويات رفيعة من الدقة والتعليم.
أهمية البحث:
تكمن أهمية البحث في التركيز على الدور المهم لنشأة المدراس السريانية، والوقوف على أهم المدارس، وتأثير الفكر المسيحي لتلك المدارس في ضوء الإجابة على التساؤلات الآتية: ما الدور المهم للمدارس السريانية؟ ما الفائدة التي قدمها التعليم في المدارس السريانية؟ وهل كان للرهبان الدور المهم في نشأة المدارس السريانية؟ في ضوء ذلك قسم البحث إلى ثلاث محاور: خصص المحور الأول: على نشأة المدارس السريانية وتاريخها، والتعليم في المدارس السريانية، في حين تناول المحور الثاني: الرها ومدرستها، وتأثيرات الفكر المسيحي، أما المحور الثالث: فقد كان عن أبرز أساتذة مدرسة الرها وعلومها. فضلاً عن ذلك، اعتمد البحث على عدد من المصادر العربية والمترجمة، والتي يمكن الاطلاع عليها في قائمة المصادر والمراجع، ويأتي في مقدمتها كتاب لـ(نينا بيغو ليفسكيا: ثقافة السريان في القرون الوسطى، ترجمة: خلف الجراد).
التفكير العلمي وعلاقته بحب الاستطلاع المعرفي لدى طلبة الجامعة
Authors: ا.د.كاظم محسن كويطع الكعبي  
Published: June 2024

هدف البحث الحالي التعرف على التفكير العلمي وحب الاستطلاع المعرفي لدى طلبة الجامعة وماهي العلاقة الارتباطية بينهما ، ولغرض التحقق من ذلك قام الباحث بتبني مقياس التفكير العلمي لـ (الشمري2010) والمكون بصيغته النهائية من (46) فقرة، ولكل فقرة خمسة بدائل بعد اجراءات الخصائص الساكو مترية وفق منهجية البناء وتبني مقياس (مظلوم2016) والمكون من (30) فقرة بصيغته النهائية، وان الاستجابة على المقياس تتكون من اربعة بدائل ،وبعد الاجراءات الاحصائية تم حساب الخصائص الساكو مترية لعينة البحث (400) طالب وطالبة من الجامعة الذين اختيروا بطريقة العشوائية وبعد جمع المعلومات ومعالجتها احصائيا توصل الباحث الى النتائج الاتية:
- ان طلبة الجامعة يتمتعون بتفكير علمي.
- ان طلبة الجامعة يتمتعون بمستوى جيد من حب الاستطلاع المعرفي .
- توجد علاقة ارتباطية طردية ايجابية دالة بين التفكير العلمي وحب الاستطلاع المعرفي.
وبناءً على نتائج البحث الحالي تم التوصل الى بعض التوصيات والمقترحات المستقبلية .
الأسلوب الإبداعي "التجديدي- التكيفي" وعلاقته بالتمكين النفسي وحل المشكلات المهنية لدى معلمي ومعلمات التربية الخاصة
Authors: أ.م.د. هبه مُناضل عبد الحسين  
Published: June 2024

يهدف البحث الحالي الى التعرف على مستوى :

الإسلوب الابداعي "التجديدي- التكيفي" لدى معلمي ومعلمات التربية الخاصة .
الإسلوب الإبداعي "التجديدي- التكيفي" لدى معلمي ومعلمات التربية الخاصة وفق متغير الجنس (ذكور– اناث) .
التمكين النفسي لدى معلمي ومعلمات التربية الخاصة .
التمكين النفسي لدى معلمي ومعلمات التربية الخاصة وفق متغير الجنس (ذكور- اناث)
حل المشكلات المهنية لدى معلمي ومعلمات التربية الخاصة .
حل المشكلات المهنية لدى معلمي ومعلمات التربية الخاصة وفق متغير الجنس (ذكور-اناث)
العلاقة بين الأسلوب الإبداعي "التجديدي- التكيفي" والتمكين النفسي وحل المشكلات المهنية لدى معلمي ومعلمات التربية الخاصة .
نسبة اسهام الاسلوب الابداعي "التجديدي-التكيفي" والتمكين النفسي في حل المشكلات المهنية لدى معلمي ومعلمات التربية الخاصة .

تألفت عينة البحث من (300) معلم ومعلمة من معلمي ومعلمات التربية الخاصة في مديريات تربية بغداد الرصافة الاولى والثانية والثالثة للعام الدراسي 2023/2024, اعدت الباحثة مقياس الاسلوب الابداعي (التجديدي- التكيفي) وفق نظرية كيتونKirton1976)) والذي تكون من ( 30) فقره امام كل فقرة اربع بدائل هي (تنطبق عليّ كثيرا , تنطبق عليِّ بدرجة متوسطة , تنطبقّ عليِ بدرجة قليلة , لاتنطبق عليِّ ابدا) ,اما مقياس التمكين النفسي فقد قامت الباحثة باعداده اعتمادا على نظرية سبرتيزر (spritzer 1995) وفق اربع مجالات هي (المعنى , الكفاية , الاستقلالية , التاثير) , كل مجال تكون من (7) فقرات وبالتالي اصبح عدد فقرات المقياس (28) فقرة امام كل فقرة اربعة بدائل هي(دائما , غالبا , نادرا , ابدا) , اما مقياس حل المشكلات المهنية فقد تم اعداده وفق نظرية معالجة المعلومات وتكون من (40) فقرة امام كل فقرة اربعة بدائل هي (تنطبق عليٍ كثيرا – تنطبق عليٍ – تنطبق عليٍ احيانا –لا تنطبق عليٍ) , استخرجت الباحثة للمقاييس الثلاثة عددا من الخصائص السايكومترية مثل الصدق والثبات , ثم قامت الباحثة بتطبيقهم على افراد عينة البحث من معلمي ومعلمات التربية الخاصة وبعد جمع البيانات ومعالجتها احصائياً بإستخدام الاختبار التائي لعينة واحدة والاختبار التائي لعينتين مستقلتين ونحليل الانحدار اشارت النتائج الى:

ان معلمي ومعلمات التربية الخاصة يوجد لديهم اسلوب ابداعي(تجديدي- تكيفي) .
هناك فروق ذات دلالة احصائية في الاسلوب الابداعي(التجديدي- التكيفي) لدى معلمي ومعلمات التربية الخاصة وفق متغير الجنس ولصالح الذكور .
ان معلمي ومعلمات التربية الخاصة يوجد لديهم تمكين النفسي .
هناك فروق ذات دلالة احصائية في التمكين النفسي لدى معلمي ومعلمات التربية الخاصة وفق متغير الجنس ولصالح الاناث .
ان معلمي ومعلمات التربية الخاصة يوجد لديهم حل للمشكلات المهنية .
هناك فروق ذات دلالة احصائية في حل المشكلات المهنية لدى معلمي ومعلمات التربية الخاصة وفق متغير الجنس ولصالح الاناث .
هناك علاقة ارتباطية ايجابية بين الاسلوب الابداعي(التجديدي – التكيفي) والتمكين النفسي وحل المشكلات المهنية لدى معلمي ومعلمات التربية الخاصة .

يسهم الاسلوب الابداعي (التجديدي-التكيفي) والتمكين النفسي في حل المشكلات المهنية لدى معلمي ومعلمات التربية الخاصة.