bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Value of p63 and podoplanin (D2‐40) immunoreactivity in the distinction between primary cutaneous tumors and adenocarcinomas metastatic to the skin: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 79 cases
Authors: Plaza Jose A. , Ortega Pablo F. , Stockman David L. , Suster Saul 
Published: February 2010

The distinction of metastatic carcinomas to the skin from poorly differentiated primary cutaneous carcinomas and sometimes primary benign adnexal tumors can pose a significant diagnostic challenge. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of p63 and podoplanin (D2‐40) immunoreactivity for separating primary skin tumors vs. cutaneous metastases of carcinomas from internal organs. Thirty seven primary tumors and 42 cutaneous metastatic adenocarcinomas were evaluated. The 37 primary cutaneous tumors included 14 cases of benign adnexal tumors, 9 malignant skin adnexal neoplasms, and 14 primary squamous and basal cell carcinomas. The 42 metastatic adenocarcinomas all corresponded to metastases from patients with a well‐documented history of a primary tumor at another location. We found variable positivity with podoplanin in all primary cutaneous neoplasms including spiradenoma (6/6), hidradenoma (2/4), cylindroma (3/3), desmoplastic trichilemmoma (1/1), poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (4/4), sebaceous carcinoma (1/1), basal cell carcinoma (4/10), trichilemmal carcinoma (2/2), eccrine carcinoma (3/3), microcystic adnexal carcinoma (1/1), adnexal carcinoma NOS (1/1), and porocarcinoma (1/1). In contrast, all metastatic carcinomas were negative (0/42) for podoplanin. In regards to p63, all cases of primary cutaneous tumors were positive for p63 (37/37); in contrast, all cutaneous metastatic carcinomas were negative (0/42). Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of podoplanin and p63 immunoreactivity to separate primary skin neoplasms from metastatic carcinomas were 78.4, 100.0, 100.0 and 84.0% for podoplanin, respectively, and 100.0, 100.0, 100.0 and 100.0% for p63, respectively. The differences in p63 and podoplanin immunohistochemical expression between primary skin tumors and metastatic carcinomas to the skin were statistically significant (p < 0, 0001). The results of our study suggest that the combined expression of p63 and podoplanin are a useful adjunct for the diagnosis of skin tumors in the clinical setting of a questionable metastasis and may be relatively specific for distinguishing primary skin tumors from metastatic carcinomas to the skin.Plaza JA, Ortega PF, Stockman DL, Suster S. Value of p63 and podoplanin (D2‐40) immunoreactivity in the distinction between primary cutaneous tumors and adenocarcinomas metastatic to the skin: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 79 cases.
‘Fish matters’: the relevance of fish skin biology to investigative dermatology
Authors: Rakers Sebastian , Gebert Marina , Uppalapati Sai , Meyer Wilfried , Maderson Paul , Sell Anne F. , Kruse Charli , Paus Ralf 
Published: February 2010

Please cite this paper as:‘Fish matters’: the relevance of fish skin biology to investigative dermatology. Experimental Dermatology 2010.Abstract:  Fish skin is a multi‐purpose tissue that serves numerous vital functions including chemical and physical protection, sensory activity, behavioural purposes or hormone metabolism. Further, it is an important first‐line defense system against pathogens, as fish are continuously exposed to multiple microbial challenges in their aquatic habitat. Fish skin excels in highly developed antimicrobial features, many of which have been preserved throughout evolution, and infection defense principles employed by piscine skin are still operative in human skin. This review argues that it is both rewarding and important for investigative dermatologists to revive their interest in fish skin biology, as it provides insights into numerous fundamental issues that are of major relevance to mammalian skin. The basic molecular insights provided by zebrafish in vivo‐genomics for genetic, regeneration and melanoma research, the complex antimicrobial defense systems of fish skin and the molecular controls of melanocyte stem cells are just some of the fascinating examples that illustrate the multiple potential uses of fish skin models in investigative dermatology. We synthesize the essentials of fish skin biology and highlight selected aspects that are of particular comparative interest to basic and clinically applied human skin research.
Airway obstruction at time of symptoms prompting use of reliever therapy in children with asthma
Authors: Brouwer AFJ , Brand PLP , Roorda RJ , Duiverman EJ 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBackground:  In asthma treatment, doses of inhaled corticosteroids are often adapted to symptoms and need for bronchodilators. However, in cross‐sectional studies in emergency room settings, lung function and respiratory symptoms are not always concordant. Available longitudinal data are based on written peak flow diaries, which are unreliable. Using home spirometry, we studied prospectively whether mild respiratory symptoms, prompting reliever therapy are accompanied by a clinically relevant drop in lung function in children with asthma.Methods:  For 8 weeks, children with asthma scored symptoms and measured peak expiratory flow (PEF) and forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1) on a home spirometer twice daily. Additional measurements were recorded when respiratory symptoms prompted them to use bronchodilators.Results:  The mean difference between symptom free days and at times of symptoms was 6.6% of personal best for PEF (95% CI: 3.2–10.0; p = 0.0004) and 6.0% of predicted for FEV1 (95% CI: 3.0–9.0; p = 0.0004). There was complete overlap in PEF and FEV1 distributions between symptom free days and at times of symptoms.Conclusions:  Although statistically significant, the degree of airway narrowing at times of respiratory symptoms, prompting the use of reliever therapy, is highly variable between patients, limiting the usefulness of home spirometry to monitor childhood asthma.
Successful Treatment of Early Implant Failure: A Case Series
Authors: AlGhamdi Ali Saad Thafeed 
Published: February 2010

ABSTRACTBackground: The aim of this longitudinal study was to evaluate the effect of combined treatment on early progressive bone loss around dental implants.Methods: The study sample consisted of 18 implants presenting at 4–6 weeks postplacement with early progressive bone loss. Clinical examination indicated the presence of a fistula in the soft tissue covering the implants in most cases. Defects around the implants were curetted, exposed implant surfaces were mechanically debrided and treated with tetracycline solution, and the defects were filled with bone graft and doxycycline powder. Bioabsorbable membranes were used. Final crowns were placed after 6 months. The patients were followed for an average of 30 months.Results: The surgical sites healed without complication. At the time of loading, the defects were completely restored. At 12 months postloading, there was crestal bone loss to the level of the first thread (average, 1.3 mm). Pocket depths ranged from 3 to 5 mm (average, 3.6 mm) with no bleeding. No further changes were noticed throughout the remaining follow‐up visits. All implants were successful according to the criteria proposed by Albrektsson and colleagues.Conclusions: Early detection and treatment of early progressive bone loss around dental implants are the key to saving early failing implants. The author recommends reevaluation visits 4–6 weeks postimplant placement to detect any signs of early failure so that immediate treatment can be undertaken if needed.
Alteration in anxiety‐related behaviors and reduction of serotonergic neurons in raphe nuclei in adult rats prenatally exposed to ethanol
Authors: Ohta Ken‐ichi , Sakata‐Haga Hiromi , Fukui Yoshihiro 
Published: February 2010

ABSTRACTIt is known that the developing serotonergic system is one of the targets of ethanol teratogenicity. Because serotonin has multiple functions in both mature and immature brains, disturbance of the serotonergic system by ethanol exposurein uterocan be cause of a wide range of psychiatric problems in adulthood. In the present study, we observed serotonergic neurons in the midbrain raphe nuclei and anxiety‐like behaviors which would be affected by an altered serotonergic system in adult rats prenatally exposed to ethanol. Pregnant rats were fed a liquid diet containing 2.5–5.0% (w/v) ethanol on gestational days 10–21. Their offspring were examined at 60–70 days of age. A significant decrease in the number of serotonergic cells in the midbrain raphe nuclei was shown in prenatally ethanol‐exposed offspring. In an open field test, they spent more time in a central area compared to controls. Also in an elevated plus maze test, prenatally ethanol‐exposed offspring spent more time on the open arms than controls. These behavioral results suggested that prenatally ethanol‐exposed rats were less sensitive to anxiety. However, 44% of prenatally ethanol‐exposed offspring exhibited freezing behavior on the open arms of the elevated plus maze, causing strong anxiety, compared with 0% in intact control and 12.5% in isocaloric sucrose‐fed control groups. These findings suggest that prenatal ethanol exposure decreases both susceptibility and resistance of anxiety. Insufficient serotonergic actions caused by reduced serotonergic neurons in the raphe nuclei might contribute to the alterations in anxiety‐related behaviors observed in our prenatally ethanol‐exposed rats.
Brachmann‐de Lange syndrome with congenital diaphragmatic hernia and NIPBL gene mutation
Authors: Hosokawa Shinichi , Takahashi Nobumasa , Kitajima Hiroyuki , Nakayama Masahiro , Kosaki Kenjirou , Okamoto Nobuhiko 
Published: February 2010

ABSTRACTWe report herein a case of Brachmann‐de Lange syndrome complicated with congenital diaphragmatic hernia in which a NIPBL gene mutation was identified. A female infant born at 37 weeks of gestation died 134 min after delivery, even though endotracheal intubation and resuscitation were performed immediately after the scheduled caesarean operation. We diagnosed the infant with Brachmann‐de Lange syndrome from her physical characteristics. An abnormal peak at the 29th exon in the translation area of the NIPBL gene was detected using denaturing high‐performance liquid chromatography. In addition, a mutation of cytosine to thymine (nonsense mutation) at the 5524th base was identified using the direct sequence method. This variation was likely the cause of the syndrome.
LEMON PEEL DEGRADATION MODELING IN THE ENZYMATIC PEELING PROCESS
Authors: PAGÁN AXEL , CONDE JOSEP , PAGÁN JORDI , IBARZ ALBERTO 
Published: February 2010

ABSTRACT This work studies the optimization of the enzymatic peeling of Primofiore lemons, focusing on determining the changes that happen in the peel albedo. In this process, the conditions of temperature, time and concentration of the enzymatic preparation were determined in order to produce the maximum peel mass loss related to the best peeling efficiency. In this study, the effect of the temperature on the peeling process rate, the kinetic constants at different temperatures and the activation energy of the degradation of the peel albedo were determined.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSThe process described in this work is applied in the peel removal technology by enzyme infusion, being one of the stages in the preparation of minimally processed lemons.
APPARENT VISCOSITY OF BINARY AND TERNARY SYSTEMS OF TRAGACANTH, GUAR GUM AND METHYLCELLULOSE AT SEMIDILUTE RANGE OF CONCENTRATION
Authors: CHENLO F. , MOREIRA R. , PEREIRA G. , SILVA C. 
Published: February 2010

ABSTRACT The viscosity of the binary and ternary systems of tragacanth (T), guar (G) and methylcellulose (MC) was obtained by means of a rotational viscometer in the range of concentration from 1 to 10 g/L at 25, 35, 45 and 55C. The modeling was based on polymer concentration, temperature and shear rate. The viscometric parameters, flow and consistency indices were evaluated as a function of the cited variables, obtaining the corresponding correlations. Interactions between polymers are hypothesized because of its structure and molecular weight. An interaction parameterΔηijwas calculated for modeling. As expected, in all the cases, the apparent viscosity decreases with temperature and it was introduced in the proposed models for T–G and G–MC systems. Synergistic effects were found for T–G in all the cases and G–MC when G concentration was higher than MC concentration. These results could suggest that interactions between MC and G molecules are generated.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSHydrocolloids are additives used as stabilizers with multiple applications on different industries. In food industry, the interest to find new textures and sensorial properties has led to research on new sources, derivatives or mixtures. In the last case, new ingredients, developed from well‐characterized and widely used hydrocolloids have been the subject of recent patents. Additionally, rheological measurements are frequently used to process control and, therefore, it is the main reason to employ correlations of flow properties involving process variables in order to predict the rheological behavior.This work contributes with models from experimental data to predict the combined effect of polymer concentration and temperature on viscosity of aqueous systems of one hydrocolloid and the corresponding blends of tragacanth, guar and methylcellulose. The extracted information is useful in processing as well as the design of new stabilizers in the food industry.
Cholesterol As An Aetiological Agent In Endodontic Failures—A Review
Authors: Nair P. N. Ramachandran 
Published: February 2010

AbstractPresence of cholesterol clefts in apical periodontitis lesions is a common histopathological observation. However, a potential aetiological association of cholesterol crystals to non‐resolving apical periodontitis lesions after endodontic treatment has been suggested only recently. This article is an attempt to explain the biological basis for the inability of body cells to eliminate the local accumulation of cholesterol crystals, and to consolidate available clinical and experimental data in support of the view that massive accumulation of cholesterol crystals in inflamed periapical tissues can interfere with the periapical healing after conventional root canal treatment. As the irritating cholesterol crystals and certain other aetiological agents of failed endodontic treatment exist outside the root canal system, it is concluded that re‐treatment alone, of such cases, is unlikely to resolve the factors that sustain the lesion. Apical surgery is indicated for successful management of such cases.
Investigations On A Cell Culture Medium For Storage And Transportation Of Avulsed Teeth
Authors: Pohl Yango , Tekin U. , Boll M. , Filippi A. , Kirschner H. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractNon‐physiologic storage of avulsed teeth leads to a high incidence of root resorption, resulting in poor prognosis. This study investigated the suitability of specially composed cell culture media for storage of extracted teeth for up to 48 hours.Autoradiographic investigations revealed that the proliferative activity of periodontal ligament (PDL) cells of teeth stored in cell culture medium for up to 48 hours increased with storage time. Studies on proliferation of PDL cells after storage of teeth in different media for up to 24 hours demonstrated that the proliferative activity is dependent on the composition of the medium. Immunohistochemical investigations with markers for cell proliferation revealed that pulp cells of extracted immature teeth show numerous proliferations after storage for up to 24 hours in a special cell culture medium but few proliferations after storage in Hanks Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS).The investigations indicate that a special cell culture medium can preserve cell viability of PDL cells adhering to extracted teeth for at least 48 hours. The in vitro results are confirmed by a case presented: After storage of two upper central incisors for 36 hours in the cell culture medium the teeth could be successfully reimplanted after extraoral insertion of titanium posts into the root canal (auto‐alloplastic reimplantation). Clinical and radiological follow‐up examinations for 12 months revealed normal periodontal healing.
Invasive Cervical Resorption Following Trauma
Authors: Heithersay Geoffrey S. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractInvasive cervical resorption is an insidious and often aggressively destructive form of external root resorption which may occur as a late complication following dental trauma particularly where it involves damage to cementum and supporting tissues. While this resorption may be evident clinically as a pink coronal discolouration, later with cavitation of the enamel, often there are no obvious external signs and the condition is only detected radiographically. It is characterised by the invasion of the cervical region of the root by fibrovascular tissue which progressively resorbs dentine, enamel and cementum. The dental pulp remains protected by an intact layer of dentine and predentine until late in die process. Ectopic calcifications can be observed in advanced lesions both within the invading fibrous tissue and deposited directly onto the resorbed dentine surface.The aetiology of invasive cervical resorption is unknown but trauma has been documented as a potential predisposing factor. A recent study by the author of 222 patients with a total of 257 teeth which displayed varying degrees of invasive cervical resorption showed that trauma alone was a potential predisposing sole factor in 14% of patients and 15.1% of teeth. Trauma in combination with bleaching, orthodontics or delayed eruption was found in an additional 11.2% of patients or 10.6% of teeth and of these a combination of trauma and bleaching occurred in a relatively high proportion of 7.7% of patients or 7.4% of teeth. This study also revealed that of other potential predisposing factors orthodontics was the most common sole factor constituting 21.2% of patients and 24.1% of teeth examined.Successful treatment of invasive cervical resorption is dependent on the extent of the resorptive process. Teeth with invasive cervical resorption have been divided into four classes.Whilst several treatment modalities are possible, a clinical evaluation of the treatment of this condition by the topical application of a 90% aqueous solution of trichloracetic acid, curettage, endodontic therapy where necessary and restoration with a glass ionomer cement has been evaluated on 94 patients with a total of 101 teeth with a minimum follow‐up period of three years. Results indicate a satisfactory treatment outcome can be anticipated in Class 1, 2 and 3 cases. In Class 4 resorption no treatment or alternative therapy is recommended. Diagnosis of lesions at an early stage of development is highly desirable and therefore the patients who have a potential for the development of this condition by virtue of a history such as trauma should be monitored radiographically at intervals throughout life.
Neuropathic Orofacial Pain Part 1‐Prevalence And Pathophysiology
Authors: Vickers E. Russell , Cousins Michael J. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractNeuropathic pain is defined as “pain initiated or caused by a primary lesion or dysfunction in the nervous system''. Neuropathic orofacial pain has previously been known as “atypical odontalgia” (AO) and “phantom tooth pain''. The patient afflicted with neuropathic oral/orofacial pain may present to the dentist with a persistent, severe pain, yet there are no clearly identifiable clinical or radiographic abnormalities. Accordingly, multiple endodontic procedures may be instigated to remove the likely anatomical source of the pain, yet the pain persists. There have been few studies and limited patient numbers investigating the condition. Two retrospective studies revealed the incidence of persistent pain following endodontic treatment to be 3–6% and 5% of patients; one author with wide experience in assessing the condition estimated its prevalence at 125,000 individuals in the USA alone. In one study, 50% of neuropathic orofacial pain patients reported persistent pain specifically following endodontic treatment. Patients predisposed to the condition may include those suffering from recurrent cluster or migraine headaches.Neuropathic pain states include postherpetic neuralgia (shingles) and phantom limb/stump pain. The aberrant developmental neurobiology leading to this pain state is complex. Neuropathic pain serves no protective function, in contrast to physiological pain that warns of noxious stimuli likely to result in tissue damage. The relevant clinical features of neuropathic pain include: (i) precipitating factors such as trauma or disease (infection), and often a delay in onset after initial injury (days ‐ months), (ii) typical complaints such as dysaesthesias (abnormal unpleasant sensations), pain that may include burning, and paroxysmal, lancinating or sharp qualities, and pain in an area of sensory deficit, (iii) on physical examination there may be hyperalgesia, allodynia and sympathetic hyperfunction, and (iv) the pathophysiology includes deafferentation, nerve sprouting, neuroma formation and sympathetic efferent activity.
Central Giant Cell Granuloma
Authors: Heithersay Geoffrey S. , Cohn Steven A. , Parkins David J. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractCentral giant cell granuloma, a fibro‐osseous lesion, is more commonly found in the mandible and mainly in children and young adults. The lesion, which has a greater incidence in females, may be uni or multilocular. On the basis of clinical, radiological and histologic features, central giant cell granulomas can be classified as “non‐aggressive” or “aggressive”. Management involves surgical removal and in most cases the dentition can be maintained.Three cases of central giant cell granuloma are reported and they illustrate clinical features of the lesion, how differential diagnosis can be assisted by ORAD (a special software program), treatment, and the importance of recall examinations.
Bacterial Adhesins — Their Role In Tubule Invasion And Endodontic Disease
Authors: Love Robert M. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBacterial invasion of dentinal tubules is critical to the progression of dental caries and the development of pulp and periapical disease, and may also influence the progression of periodontal disease. However, little is known about the host or bacterial mechanisms involved in tubule invasion. Recent work has demonstrated that bacterial interactions with dentine, and salivary and tissue molecules influence invasion. Salivary molecules such as mucin and immunoglobulin G (IgG) co‐aggregate with bacterial cells, which inhibits dentine invasion, while deposition of dentinal tubule fluid molecules e.g. albumin, IgG, or fibrinogen within dentinal tubules also inhibits invasion. Dentine invasion by streptococci has been shown to be associated with a bacterial growth response and adhesion to unmineralised collagen, which are mediated by streptococcal cell‐surface antigen I/II polypeptides. These adhesins possess diverse binding properties including binding to salivary glycoprotein, other bacteria, and to collagen. Additionally, some antigen I/II polypeptides facilitate species‐specific co‐invasion between streptococci and obligate anaerobes that lack the ability to invade by themselves. An understanding of the mechanisms involved in bacterial invasion of dentine should allow development of new control strategies.