bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long‐term plasma exchange for severe refractory hypertriglyceridemia: A decade of experience demonstrates safety and efficacy
Authors: Schaap‐Fogler Michal , Schurr Daniel , Schaap Tova , Leitersdorf Eran , Rund Deborah 
Published: November 2009

AbstractHypertriglyceridemia (hyperTG) is a common form of dyslipidemia and is frequently associated with premature coronary disease, and when severe, recurrent events of pancreatitis may occur. The management of hyperTG is generally medical (life style modification, medications). Plasma exchange (PE) has been reported to be useful in emergency situations particularly when acute pancreatitis results from extreme hyperTG. To our knowledge, there is only one report on long‐term use of PE for hyperTG. We here report our results of long‐term treatment of hyperTG in 6 patients with Frederickson Type V hyperlipidemia who had recurrent attacks of pancreatitis due to hyperTG refractory to medical therapy. PE was performed from one to eight times a month, mostly using a Cobe Spectra apparatus. In total, our center has performed a total of 1,593 PE sessions for hyperTG. There were no safety issues associated with PE for hyperTG other than occasional access problems (clotted fistula, IV access problems). Determination of plasma TG levels before and after PE demonstrated high efficiency of TG removal (42% to 58% reduction). There was marked clinical improvement in recurrent pancreatitis; patients had a major decrease in episodes (39% to 100%) while on regular PE, as long as they adhered to the treatment schedule. We conclude that long‐term PE for hyperTG, while costly, is feasible and safe and may reduce recurrent attacks of pancreatitis. J. Clin. Apheresis, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dicephalic parapagus conjoined twins: A rare second trimester sonographic diagnosis
Authors: Mete Ahmet , Cebesoy Fatma Bahar , Dıkensoy Ebru , Kutlar İrfan 
Published: November 2009

AbstractConjoined twins are 1 of the rarest and most challenging congenital malformations. It occurs if twinning is initiated after the embryonic disc and rudimentary amniotic sac have been formed. We report a very rare case of dicephalic parapagus that was diagnosed by transabdominal sonography. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2010
Mutual influence of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and chronic pain among injured accident survivors: A longitudinal study
Authors: Jenewein J. , Wittmann L. , Moergeli H. , Creutzig J. , Schnyder U. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe relationship between acute stress disorder (ASD), posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms (PTSD), and chronic pain was investigated in a longitudinal study of injured accident victims (N = 323, 64.7% men). Assessments took place 5 days (T1), 6 (T2) months, and 12 (T3) months postaccident. Relations between pain and posttraumatic stress symptoms were tested by structural equation modeling. Subjects diagnosed with full or subsyndromal PTSD at T2 and at T3 (14 and 19%) reported significantly higher pain intensity. Cross‐lagged panel analysis yielded a mutual maintenance of pain intensity and ASD or PTSD symptoms across T2. Across the second half year, PTSD symptoms impacted significantly on pain but not vice versa. Clinicians need to pay careful attention to PTSD symptoms in accident survivors suffering from chronic pain.
Is maternal PTSD associated with greater exposure of very young children to violent media?
Authors: Schechter Daniel S. , Gross Anna , Willheim Erica , McCaw Jaime , Turner J. Blake , Myers Michael M. , Zeanah Charles H. , Gleason Mary Margaret 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThis study examined media viewing by mothers with violence‐related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and related media exposure of their preschool‐age children. Mothers (N = 67) recruited from community pediatric clinics participated in a protocol involving a media‐preference survey. Severity of maternal PTSD and dissociation were significantly associated with child exposure to violent media. Family poverty and maternal viewing behavior were also associated. Maternal viewing behavior mediated the effects specifically of maternal PTSD severity on child exposure. Clinicians should assess maternal and child media viewing practices in families with histories of violent trauma exposure and related psychopathology.
Aniline‐Based Disulfide/Aniline Copolymers as a High Energy‐Storage Material
Authors: Wang Gengchao , Yang Xiaofeng , Sun Yanhua , Bao Hua , Li Xingwei 
Published: November 2009

AbstractAniline‐based disulfide, 5‐amino‐1,4‐dihydrobenzo[d]‐1′,2′‐dithiadiene (DTAn), was synthesized through a new route. The DTAn/aniline copolymers [P(DTAn‐co‐An)] were prepared by chemical oxidative polymerization. The results show that the polymerization activity of the DTAn is obviously lower than that of aniline, and the degree of polymerization increases with the increasing feed ratio of aniline and oxidant dosage. The cyclic voltammograms of the copolymers indicate that intramolecular self‐catalyzed effects occurred between the conducting backbone and the S‐S side chain. The charge–discharge tests of Li/P(DTAn‐co‐An) cell show an initial specific capacity of 262 mAh · g−1, which suggests that P(DTAn‐co‐An) may be a promising cathode material in secondary lithium batteries.magnified image
Studies on preparation of metalloporphyrin‐functionalized PVI and PVI/SiO2 via axial coordination reaction
Authors: Wang Ruixin , Jiao Weizhou , Gao Baojiao 
Published: November 2009

AbstractCobalt tetraphenylporphyrin (CoTPP) was bond on the side chains of poly(N‐vinylimidazole) (PVI) and immobilized on PVI/SiO2 via axial coordination reactions, respectively, leading to the soluble metalloporphyrin‐functionalized PVI (denoted as CoTPP–PVI) and the particles CoTPP–PVI/SiO2. The above two target products were characterized using spectroscopy methods such as infrared spectrum, electronic absorption spectrum, and fluorescence emission spectrum. And the effects of various factors on the bonding reaction and immobilization reaction of CoTPP were studied in detail. The experimental results show that CoTPP–PVI and CoTPP–PVI/SiO2 can be prepared favorably through axial coordination reaction of CoTPP with the side imidazole groups of PVI and PVI/SiO2. In addition, the soluble CoTPP–PVI has all the spectral characteristics of CoTPP. As compared to CoTPP, the adsorption spectra of CoTPP–PVI exhibit red shift obviously. In the immobilization process of CoTPP on PVI/SiO2, the higher the concentrations of CoTPP and the reaction temperature, the greater the immobilization amount of CoTPP is. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The genetics of cardiovascular disease: new insights from emerging approaches
Authors: Chico Timothy JA , Milo Marta , Crossman David C 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe prospect that sequencing the human genome would see rapid translation of a greater understanding of cardiovascular genetics into novel diagnostics and therapeutics has so far met with only limited success. However, diverse technological advances and exploitation of novel animal models of cardiovascular development and disease are providing ever more insight into cardiovascular diseases and development, and bring closer the prospect of ‘post‐genomic’ diagnostics and therapies. Here we review some of these emerging approaches (genome wide association studies, deep sequencing, microRNA regulation, and zebrafish as a model of cardiovascular disease and development) and discuss their potential for finally fulfilling the promise of application to clinical cardiovascular medicine. Copyright © 2009 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pegfilgrastim in children with severe congenital neutropenia
Authors: Fioredda Francesca , Calvillo Michaela , Lanciotti Marina , Lanza Tiziana , Giunti Laura , Castagnola Elio , Lorenzi Ines , Tonelli Rossella , Ghezzi Piero , Dufour Carlo 
Published: November 2009

AbstractTwo pediatric patients affected by severe congenital neutropenia (SCN) were treated with 100 mcg/L/dose every 9–12 days within a pilot study (Observatory of the Italian Ministry of Health, Eudract Code 2005‐003096‐20) on the use of pegfilgrastim in patients with chronic neutropenia. Both children increased their absolute neutrophil count, reduced their infectious load, and improved their quality of life. Serum concentrations of G‐CSF observed in pegfilgrastim mirrored those seen in filgrastim. These data suggest that pegfilgrastim may be beneficial in SCN patients with an exposure of hematopoietic cells to G‐CSF similar to that on filgrastim. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010;54:465–467. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Axenfeld–Rieger ocular anomaly and retinoblastoma caused by constitutional chromosome 13q deletion
Authors: Roche Ana , Mora Jaume , Perez Maria del Mar , Gean Esther , Perez Belen , O'Callaghan Mar , Catala Jaume , De Torres Carmen , Cruz Ofelia , Prat Joan , Parareda Andreu 
Published: November 2009

AbstractAxenfeld–Rieger (AR) ocular anomaly might be due to deletions of different chromosomes. No association between AR, mental retardation, and retinoblastoma has been described. We report a 2‐month‐old female with general development delay and dysmorphic features. AR anomaly was detected, and a retinoblastoma (RB) was diagnosed in a very early stage. De novo 13q deletion was identified. Systemic chemotherapy, focal cryotherapy, transpupillary thermotherapy, brachytherapy, and intra‐arterial chemotherapy were needed to control the RB. This is the first report of an association of AR, 13q deletion, and retinoblastoma, to be disclosed in patients born with such ocular and dysmorphic features. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010;54:480–482. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An introduction to liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry instrumentation applied in plant metabolomic analyses
Authors: Allwood J. William , Goodacre Royston 
Published: November 2009

AbstractOver the past decade the application of non‐targeted high‐throughput metabolomic analysis within the plant sciences has gained ever increasing interest and has truly established itself as a valuable tool for plant functional genomics and studies of plant biochemical composition. Whilst proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H‐NMR) spectroscopy is particularly appropriate for the analysis of bulk metabolites and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) to the analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOC's) and derivatised primary metabolites, liquid chromatography (LC)‐MS is highly applicable to the analysis of a wide range of semi‐polar compounds including many secondary metabolites of interest to plant researchers and nutritionists. In view of the recent developments in the separation sciences, leading to the advent of ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) and MS based technology showing the ever improving resolution of metabolite species and precision of mass measurements (sub‐ppm accuracy now being achievable), this review sets out to introduce the background and update the reader upon LC, high performance (HP)LC and UHPLC, as well as the large range of MS instruments that are being applied in current plant metabolomic studies. As well as covering the theory behind modern day LC‐MS, the review also discusses the most relevant metabolomics applications for the wide range of MS instruments that are currently being applied to LC. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Rheological properties of blends of linear and long‐chain branched polypropylenes
Authors: Tabatabaei Seyed H. , Carreau Pierre J. , Ajji Abdellah 
Published: November 2009

AbstractBlends of a long‐chain branched polypropylene (LCB‐PP) and a linear polypropylene (L‐PP) were prepared using a twin‐screw extruder. Linear viscoelastic properties such as complex viscosity, storage modulus, and weighted relaxation spectrum were determined as functions of LCB‐PP content. Shear data obtained from commercial rheometers as well as from a slit‐die rheometer were used to verify the Cox‐Merz relation for the neat components as well as for a blend. Elongational properties were obtained using a Sentmanat Extensional Rheometer (SER) unit mounted on an Advanced Rheometric Expansion System (ARES) rheometer and the converging die. A significant strain hardening was observed for the neat LCB‐PP as well as for all the blends, but the strain hardening decreased with increasing strain rate. The apparent steady elongational viscosity values evaluated using the converging die were observed to be comparable at high deformation rates to those obtained from the SER unit, but the differences increased as the strain rate decreased. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2010. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
Functionalization of carbon nanotubes and carbon nanofibers used in epoxy/amine matrices that avoid partitioning of the monomers at the fiber interface
Authors: Auad Maria L. , Mosiewicki Mirna A. , Uzunpinar Cihan , Williams Roberto J.J. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractSingle‐wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT), multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), and carbon nanofibers (CNF) were oxidized with a conventional H2SO4/HNO3 treatment, and the resulting COOH groups were esterified with phenyl glycidyl ether (PGE). Pristine, oxidized and esterified SWCNT, MWCNT, and CNF (1 wt%) were dispersed in diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A/polyether triamine, and cured to produce epoxy nanocomposite. The quality of the dispersion varied with surface modification in the order: COOH > unmodified > PGE, as assessed for SWCNT/epoxy composites using radial breathing modes in Raman spectra and scanning electron microscopy. Local bundling of PGE‐modified nanofillers was explained by a polymerization‐induced phase‐separation process. Dynamic mechanical analysis showed the presence of two relaxation peaks in nanocomposites prepared with unmodified and COOH‐modified SWCNT, MWCNT, and CNF, assigned to a partitioning of monomers at the carbon interface. This produced a significant decrease of the glass transition temperature. However, the esterification with PGE led to a single relaxation peak close to the one of the neat epoxy, for the three types of nanofillers without any penalty in the glassy and rubbery elastic moduli. The effect was explained by matrix exclusion from phase‐separated domains. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2010. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
Dynamic mechanical analysis of novel composites from commingled polypropylene fiber and banana fiber
Authors: Paul Sherely Annie , Sinturel Christoph , Joseph Kuruvilla , Mathew G.D. Gem , Pothan Laly A. , Thomas Sabu 
Published: November 2009

AbstractPolypropylene (PP)/banana fiber (BF) composites were fabricated from PP fiber and short BF by novel commingling method. The dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) of the composites was performed with reference to BF loading and fiber surface treatments. By the incorporation of BF into the PP matrix, the storage modulus and loss modulus have been found to increase, whereas damping factor has been found to decrease. Glass transition temperature was found to increase with increase in BF loading. The viscoelastic properties of the composites were also found to depend on fiber surface treatments. The activation energy of the composites for the glass transition has been found to be increased by the increase in BF loading. Surface treatment of the BF further increased the activation energy of the composites, indicating a stronger interface for treated fiber composites. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) photographs of the BF showed the physical changes induced by the surface treatments. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to ascertain the existence of the type of interfacial bonds. The use of theoretical equations to predict the storage modulus has also been discussed. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2010. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
Addition of oils to polylactide casting solutions as a tool to tune film morphology and mechanical properties
Authors: Sawalha Hassan , Schroën Karin , Boom Remko 
Published: November 2009

AbstractPoly(L‐lactide) (PLLA) films exhibit toughening by the addition of oils to the polymer casting. This was investigated by casting films from solution and evaporation in air; the investigated oils were linear alkanes, cyclic alkanes, and two terpenes (limonene and eugenol). The addition of the oils greatly influenced the morphology and thermal and mechanical properties of the films. Most oils rendered porous films, and a variety of morphologies was obtained. Films prepared with hexane and eugenol showed a solid, nonporous structure similar to neat PLLA films, with similar mechanical properties. The thermal transition temperatures of the films decreased through the addition of oil, depending on the oil used, the decrease could be up to 30°C (glass transition), 45°C (cold crystallization), and 15°C (melting temperature). The films prepared without oil were stiff and brittle. Upon addition of most of the oils, the maximum strength and elastic moduli decreased, but their ductility improved considerably. Limonene, the most extreme case, gave a very ductile film with an elongation at break up to 200%. The main conclusion of this study is that various oils can be used to tune and improve the properties of PLLA films. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2010. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
Flow balancing in die design of wood flour/HDPE composite extrusion profiles with consideration of rheological effect
Authors: Zolfaghari A. , Behravesh A.H. , Shakouri E. , Soury E. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThis article presents an experimental study on the flow balance of an extrusion die for various wood flour (WF)/high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) compositions. Flow balancing, in the design of a thermoplastic extrusion die, is dependent on the material rheological properties so that a change in the material, in some cases, may result in a total redesign of the die. To investigate the importance of this particular effect, the flow balance of an extrusion die, with a U‐shaped profile having uneven wall thicknesses, was undertaken. The main feature of the die was an adjustable restrictor implemented for fine balancing similar to that employed in the slit dies. The rheological influence of wood plastic composites (WPCs) on the flow balance of the die via loading various WF contents, 40, 60, and 70% by weight, was experimentally investigated; flow balancing was performed via varying the height of the restrictor bar. Interestingly, the results showed that, for a high WF content (above 60%), the issue of flow balancing for an uneven wall thickness profile is much less complicated because of the plug flow behavior of the composite. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2010. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
String loop moduli stabilisation and cosmology in IIB flux compactifications
Authors: Cicoli M. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractWe present a detailed review of the moduli stabilisation mechanism and possible cosmological implications of the LARGE Volume Scenario (LVS) that emerges naturally in the context of type IIB Calabi‐Yau flux compactifications. After a quick overview of physics beyond the Standard Model, we present string theory as the most promising candidate for a consistent theory of quantum gravity. We then give a pedagogical introduction to type IIB compactifications on Calabi‐Yau orientifolds where most of the moduli are stabilised by turning on background fluxes. However in order to fix the Kähler moduli one needs to consider several corrections beyond the leading order approximations. After presenting a survey of all the existing solutions to this problem, we derive the topological conditions on an arbitrary Calabi‐Yau to obtain the LVS since it requires no fine‐tuning of the fluxes and provides a natural solution of the hierarchy problem. After performing a systematic study of the behaviour of string loop corrections for general type IIB compactifications, we show how they play a crucial rôle to achieve full Kähler moduli stabilisation in the LVS. Before examining the possible cosmological implication of these scenarios, we present a broad overview of string cosmology. We then notice how, in the case of K3‐fibrations, string loop corrections give rise naturally to an inflationary model which yields observable gravity waves. We finally study the finite‐temperature behaviour of the LVS and discuss prospects for future work.
On the use of Cu catalysts for tailoring carbon nanostructures in alcohol‐CVD
Authors: Borowiak‐Palen Ewa , Steplewska Anna , Rümmeli Mark H. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe use of the alcohol‐chemical vapor deposition (A‐CVD) process applying ferromagnetic catalyst mixes is a powerful technique for the synthesis of high purity single‐, double‐ and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Here, we report on a systematic experimental study on the preparation route of carbon nanofibres (CNFs), bamboo‐like carbon nanotubes (BMCNTs) with defined pocket size and mean diameter and MWCNTs. Copper serves as the catalyst. The morphology of the samples is controlled by the reaction temperature and the catalyst loading relative to the support content (MgO). A detailed analysis of the samples was achieved by electron transmission microscopy observations and Raman spectroscopy.Schematic illustration showing the carbon nanostructure evolution with increasing reaction temperature.magnified image
The morphology of silicon nanowire samples: A Raman study
Authors: Khachadorian S. , Scheel H. , Cantoro M. , Colli A. , Ferrari A. C. , Thomsen C. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractRaman spectra of silicon nanowires (SiNWs) are studied as a function of laser excitation power and temperature. With increase in temperature and power a red‐shift of the SiNWs first order optical mode is observed. At ambient conditions, the Raman shift shows a saturated behavior beyond a critical power. Similar measurements, under vacuum, rule out effects due to thermal convection as a reason for the observed saturation. We assign this to a change in sample morphology. A simulation of the SiNW peak position reveals that its temperature behavior can be explained by a four‐phonon anharmonic process.SEM image of a typical SiNWs sample. The SiNW are ∼15 nm in diameter and up to a few microns long. The sample is a large bundle of SiNWs (up to 50 µm thick) with strong porosity.magnified image
Terahertz radiation induced non‐equilibrium carrier effects in compensated indium antimonide
Authors: Kašalynas Irmantas , Subačius Liudvikas , Seliuta Dalius , Valušis Gintaras 
Published: November 2009

AbstractNonuniformly compensated InSb is studied in stationary and pulsed dc‐electric fields under terahertz radiation illumination in temperature range of 8‐300 K. It was found that at low temperatures the sample conductance grows with applied electric field nonlinearly due to increased scattering of ionized impurities and due to activation of random fluctuation potential. We demonstrate that the terahertz irradiation leads the conductance of the sample also to increase. With the change in excitation frequency from 0.762 THz to 1.63 THZ the modulation of the sample resistance becomes lower indicating the predominance of hot electron governed effects in non‐uniform crystal due to electron mean energy and drift velocity relaxation. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)