bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors influencing United States cattle producers use of livestock risk protection
Authors: Boyer Christopher N. , DeLong Karen L. , Griffith Andrew P. , Martinez Charles C. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractUnited States cattle producers have various government‐sponsored programs to protect against weather and disease related risks, but livestock risk protection (LRP) insurance is the only program that protects against price risk. However, adoption of LRP insurance is low even though cattle price declines are the primary cause of economic loss, and LRP premium subsidies have recently been increased. Therefore, the objective of this study is to explore how informational nudges about receiving an indemnity payment, LRP contract characteristics, and individual risk preferences affect the use of LRP. Producer survey results were estimated using a Cragg model to determine the factors affecting producers’ likelihood of purchasing LRP and the number of head they would insure. Producers were more likely to purchase 100% LRP coverage and would also insure more head at 100% coverage when compared to lower coverage levels. We found providing information on the probability of receiving an indemnity did not impact LRP purchasing decisions. However, counter to expectations, producers were more likely to buy LRP when the randomly provided cattle prices in the survey were successively increasing each month, and if participants considered themselves more willing to take risks in their cattle operation. Results provide insights into behavioral factors affecting LRP participation which could help inform future insurance policies.
Bat pollination at the southwestern margin of the Neotropics revealed by direct evidence
Authors: Boero Lourdes , Barquez Rubén M. , Barrientos Ignacio R. , Lépez Martín , Cocucci Andrea A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBat pollination at the range margin in the southwestern Neotropics has been largely unexplored. We provide for the first time direct evidence on bat pollination, visitation rate, and efficiency for three species of the Southern Andean Yungas. These interactions are valuable targets for future conservation efforts in this endangered ecosystem.Abstract in Spanish is available with online material.
LAG‐3 : recent developments in combinational therapies in cancer
Authors: Chavanton Aude , Mialhe Flavie , Abrey Jimena , Baeza Garcia Alvaro , Garrido Carmen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe study of anticancer immune responses and in particular the action of immune checkpoint inhibitors that overcome T cell inhibition has revolutionized metastatic patients' care. Unfortunately, many patients are resistant to these innovative immunotherapies. Over the last decade, several immune checkpoint inhibitors, currently available in the clinic, have been developed, such as anti‐PD‐1/PD‐L1 or anti‐CTLA‐4. More recently, other immune checkpoints have been characterized, among them lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG‐3). LAG‐3 has been the subject of numerous therapeutic studies and may be involved in cancer‐associated immune resistance phenomena. This review summarizes the latest knowledge on LAG‐3 as an immunotherapeutic target, particularly in combination with standard or innovative therapies. Indeed, many studies are looking at combining LAG‐3 inhibitors with chemotherapeutic, immunotherapeutic, radiotherapeutic treatments, or adoptive cell therapies to potentiate their antitumor effects and/or to overcome patients' resistance. We will particularly focus on the association therapies that are currently in phase III clinical trials and innovative combinations in preclinical phase. These new discoveries highlight the possibility of developing other types of therapeutic combinations currently unavailable in the clinic, which could broaden the therapeutic spectrum of personalized medicine.
Historical biogeography of the Neotropical noctilionoid bats (Chiroptera: Noctilionoidea), revisited through a geographically explicit analysis
Authors: Amador Lucila I. , Arias J. Salvador , Giannini Norberto P. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBiogeographic studies have generally relied on methods that use a few, large predefined areas, which may overlook fine‐scale patterns. Here we test previous hypotheses about the biogeographic history of a diverse bat clade regarding its association with major Neotropical geological formations, particularly the Antilles, the South American Dry Diagonal, the Andes and the Panamanian land bridge, by applying a recently available method that uses actual distributions instead of predefined areas. We compiled and curated spatially explicit, georeferenced data of 173 bat species (Mammalia: Chiroptera: Noctilionoidea) from the online database Global Biodiversity Information Facility. By taking a previous comprehensive phylogeny as an evolutionary framework, we performed computationally intensive analyses using the Geographically‐explicit Event Model. This method uses the observed species distributions to reconstruct the ancestral areas and biogeographic events at each phylogeny node. We found that sympatric speciation was the most frequently reconstructed event, and involved mainly the Panamanian Isthmus and northern South America (SA), but all sympatry reconstructions were different and specific to each node. Allopatric events were important in the Andes; vicariance caused both west/east and north/south disjunctions that went unnoticed previously. Founder events indicated bidirectional dispersal between the mainland and the Antilles since the Miocene, and across the incomplete Panamanian bridge and the SA Dry Diagonal since the early Pliocene. Overall, we found support for previous hypotheses on the influence of major Neotropical paleogeographic events in the diversification of the group, but additionally revealed multi‐scale patterns that are embedded within the mainland and were previously overlooked. Our results highlight a trans‐isthmian centre of diversification in the biogeographic history of Noctilionoidea including the Panamanian Isthmus and Northern SA.
Correlation between desynchrony of hippocampal neural activity and hyperlocomotion in the model mice of schizophrenia and therapeutic effects of aripiprazole
Authors: Wang Xueru , Li Zijie , Kuai Shihui , Wang Xuejiao , Chen Jingyu , Yang Yanping , Qin Ling 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimsThe hippocampus has been reported to be morphologically and neurochemically altered in schizophrenia (SZ). Hyperlocomotion is a characteristic SZ‐associated behavioral phenotype, which is associated with dysregulated dopamine system function induced by hippocampal hyperactivity. However, the neural mechanism of hippocampus underlying hyperlocomotion remains largely unclear.MethodsMouse pups were injected with N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor antagonist (MK‐801) or vehicle twice daily on postnatal days (PND) 7–11. In the adulthood phase, one cohort of mice underwent electrode implantation in field CA1 of the hippocampus for the recording local field potentials and spike activity. A separate cohort of mice underwent surgery to allow for calcium imaging of the hippocampus while monitoring the locomotion. Lastly, the effects of atypical antipsychotic (aripiprazole, ARI) were evaluated on hippocampal neural activity.ResultsWe found that the hippocampal theta oscillations were enhanced in MK‐801‐treated mice, but the correlation coefficient between the hippocampal spiking activity and theta oscillation was reduced. Consistently, although the rate and amplitude of calcium transients of hippocampal neurons were increased, their synchrony and correlation to locomotion speed were disrupted. ARI ameliorated perturbations produced by the postnatal MK‐801 treatment.ConclusionsThese results suggest that the disruption of neural coordination may underly the neuropathological mechanism for hyperlocomotion of SZ.
The prevalence of hand dermatitis among intensive care unit nurses
Authors: Mossel Rosalin M. , Naber René J. , van Manen Babs C. T. , Rustemeyer Thomas 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundHealthcare workers are at high risk of developing occupational hand dermatitis (HD) due to their frequent exposure to wet‐work and use of gloves. Complaints of HD may interfere with work and cause loss of work productivity, or sick leave, and may have impact on job pleasure and performing daily activities. The prevalence of HD among intensive care unit (ICU) nurses is unknown.ObjectivesTo investigate the point prevalence and the 1‐year prevalence of HD among ICU nurses, and to determine the impact of HD on work and daily activities.MethodA questionnaire‐based cross‐sectional study was performed among ICU nurses. Participants were recruited in the Amsterdam University Medical Centre. A symptom‐based questionnaire was used to determine HD and atopic predisposition, and an additional questionnaire was used concerning the influence of HD. ICU nurses with an atopic predisposition or symptoms suiting HD were invited for the hand dermatitis consultation hour (HDCH). Data were analysed with logistic regression.ResultsA total of 184 ICU nurses were included. The point prevalence of HD was 9.8% (95% CI: 5.9–15.0) and the 1‐year prevalence was 26.6% (95% CI: 20.4–33.6). Sick leave was reported by 0.5%. HD seemed to have more impact on job pleasure than on work productivity.ConclusionThe high prevalence rate of HD resulting from our study highlights the need for the prevention of occupational HD among healthcare workers.
Vibrational communication in Scolypopa australis: characterising spontaneous and intrasexual calls in an invasive orchard pest
Authors: MacDougall Mark S. , Stringer Lloyd D. , Borthwick‐Taylor Greer , Nelson Ximena J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractVibrational communication in the Auchenorrhyncha is an avenue of growing interest, with many pesticide‐free vibrational pest control programmes against auchenorrhynchan agricultural pests continuing to be developed around the world. Passion vine hoppers (PVH), Scolypopa australis (Walker) (Hemiptera: Ricaniidae), are an economically damaging pest species in New Zealand, where they facilitate the growth of sooty mould in kiwifruit orchards. Scolypopa australis is already known to use vibrational signals, therefore a further understanding of the spectral and temporal characteristics of its calls will be an essential next step to developing vibration‐based pest management strategies. Here, we aimed to characterise the properties of spontaneous S. australis calls in solitary and intrasexual communication contexts. We used laser Doppler vibrometry to record vibrational signals produced by male and female S. australis (separately), when in groups of three or individually. We sorted calls and call sub‐units (syllables) into groups based on cluster analyses of various spatio‐temporal parameters. We define four male calls and three female calls, and newly describe a ‘two‐syllable’ calling structure that may be involved in male intrasexual competition. Certain syllables were more prevalent at the beginning or end of calls for males, and were more homogenously distributed throughout calls for females. The types of calls used differed between single males and groups, with more energetically intense call types observed in the group settings. Additional studies on the behavioural context of S. australis vibrational calls and their responses to playback of such calls will be necessary to assess the viability of vibration‐based pest management for this species.
Delivering a sleep intervention across a youth mental health service using non‐expert practitioners: A service evaluation
Authors: Rollinson Rebecca , Cole Amber , Gee Brioney , Tofan Ioana , Graham Adam , Hatton Jude , Lyons Jonathan , Reeve Sarah , Wilson Jonathan , Beardsworth Kevin , Clarke Tim 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimsPoor sleep is highly prevalent in young people and increases risk of mental health difficulties, yet access to sleep interventions remains limited. This paper evaluates the use of a sleep intervention delivered by non‐expert practitioners in a secondary care youth mental health service.MethodAssistant psychologists were trained to deliver a six‐session 1:1 cognitive‐behavioural sleep intervention adapted for use with young people with mental health difficulties. A within‐subject design assessed clinical outcomes relating to sleep (Insomnia Severity Index), psychological distress and personal goals (Goal Based Outcome Measures) at four time points.ResultsHigh referral, intervention take‐up (82.82%) and completion (70%) rates were reported, together with high baseline levels of insomnia (Insomnia Severity Index mean 20.47, SD 3.68) and poor sleep efficiency (56.36%, SD 17.23). Fifty‐six young people (average age 19.2 years, SD 3.25) were included in the outcome analysis. Statistically and clinically significant improvements were seen across all outcome measures, with 68% no longer meeting clinical threshold (ISI ≥15) for insomnia at endpoint.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates exceptionally high levels of clinical need and engagement with a sleep intervention adapted specifically for young people with mental health difficulties. Whilst limited by the uncontrolled design, large improvements in insomnia and psychological distress support its effectiveness and utility in clinical settings. More robust implementation and evaluation is warranted in broader youth mental health services to promote earlier access.
Perceived expressed emotion in individuals with a first episode of psychosis from a south Asian background
Authors: Ramanathan Amrita , Miah Syed K. , Nagularaj Lidushi , Sharif Hira Salman , Shaikh Madiha 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimTo explore perceived expressed emotion in the south Asian context for individuals with a first episode of psychosis (FEP).MethodSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with 16 service users experiencing a FEP to understand their experience of expressed emotion (EE) from their caregivers. Interviews were analysed using inductive thematic analysis.ResultsFour main categories were identified: connection and support, understanding and awareness, boundaries and independence and context and influence. Factors influencing perceived expressed emotion such as acceptance, acculturation, warmth and expressions of love, communication and family values were identified. Findings highlight south Asian's experiences of being cared for, and their perception of EE, including warmth and connection as a strength and resource.ConclusionThe findings shed light on culturally specific EE within the context of FEP that can be considered when working with south Asian communities within early intervention services. Findings highlight the impact of navigating and negotiating bicultural identities and generational differences in EE in the British south Asian context.
Learning to discriminate the eye‐of‐origin during continuous flash suppression
Authors: Sarı İzel D. , Recht Samuel , Lunghi Claudia 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHelmholtz asked whether one could discriminate which eye is the origin of one's perception merely based on the retinal signals. Studies to date showed that participants' ability to tell the eye‐of‐origin most likely depends on contextual cues. Nevertheless, it has been shown that exogenous attention can enhance performance for monocularly presented stimuli. We questioned whether adults can be trained to discriminate the eye‐of‐origin of their perceptions and if this ability depends on the strength of the monocular channels. We used attentional feed‐forward training to improve the subject's eye‐of‐origin discrimination performance with voluntary attention. During training, participants received a binocular cue to inform them of the eye‐of‐origin of an upcoming target. Using continuous flash suppression, we also measured the signal strength of the monocular targets to see any possible modulations related to the cues. We collected confidence ratings from the participants about their eye‐of‐origin judgements to study in further detail whether metacognition has access to this information. Our results show that, even though voluntary attention did not alter the strength of the monocular channels, eye‐of‐origin discrimination performance improved following the training. A similar pattern was observed for confidence. The results from the feedforward attentional training and the increase in subjective confidence point towards a high‐level decisional mechanism being responsible for the eye‐of‐origin judgements. We propose that this high‐level process is informed by subtle sensory cues such as the differences in luminance or contrast in the two monocular channels.
‘Take Back Control’: The implications of Brexit uncertainty on investor perception of ESG reputational events
Authors: Akyildirim Erdinc , Conlon Thomas , Corbet Shaen , Oxley Les 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study examines the impact of Brexit on investor reactions to Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) events in UK companies. Post‐Brexit, investors show reduced sensitivity to ESG incidents, suggesting relaxed corporate accountability for ESG disasters. We observe varied investor responses to different ESG events, with most having less financial influence after Brexit. This research informs regulators, stakeholders and policymakers in the post‐Brexit era, emphasising the need for strong ESG regulations and communication in influencing investor behaviour. It contributes to understanding the relationship between regulatory changes, corporate reputation and investor reactions post‐Brexit.
MEDIS—A comprehensive spatial database on Mediterranean islands for biogeographical and evolutionary research
Authors: Santi Francesco , Testolin Riccardo , Zannini Piero , Di Musciano Michele , Micci Virginia , Ricci Lorenzo , Guarino Riccardo , Bacchetta Gianluigi , Fernández‐Palacios José María , Fois Mauro , Kougioumoutzis Konstantinos , Kunt Kadir Boğaç , Lucchi Federico , Médail Frédéric , Nikolić Toni , Otto Rüdiger , Pasta Salvatore , Panitsa Maria , Proios Konstantinos , Sfenthourakis Spyros , Simaiakis Stylianos M. , Tranne Claudio A. , Triantis Kostas A. , Chiarucci Alessandro 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMotivationThe intrinsic characteristics of islands make them a unique study system for the investigation of ecological and evolutionary dynamics. The Mediterranean Basin, an island‐rich biodiversity hotspot, still lacks a comprehensive spatial database for these geographic features. This study presents the first comprehensive spatial database of all Mediterranean islands larger than 0.01 km2, aiding ecological investigations and interdisciplinary research.Main types of variable containedThe MEDIS spatial database offers detailed information on 39 geographic, climatic, ecological and land‐use variables, including island area, perimeter, isolation metrics, climatic space, terrain data, land cover, palaeogeography, road networks and geological information, providing a multifaceted view of each island's characteristics.Spatial location and grainThe study encompasses 2217 islands in the Mediterranean Basin larger than 0.01 km2. The spatial grain of the datasets on which the selected variables are based varies from 10 m (ESA WorldCover) to 1 km (CHELSA‐BIOCLIM+).Time period and grainThe spatial database incorporates data from various sources, each with its own timeframe, such as the Global Shoreline Vector from 2014 Landsat imagery and the WorldCover dataset from 2021. Historical data like the Paleocoastlines GIS dataset offer insights into island configurations during the Last Glacial Maximum.Major taxa and level of measurementWhile not focusing on specific taxa, the study lays the foundation for comprehensive research on Mediterranean islands, facilitating comparisons and investigations into the distribution of native, endemic or alien species. The level of measurement is extensive, encompassing a wide range of variables and providing polygonal features rather than centroids' coordinates.
Association between arsenic exposure and melanoma: a meta‐analysis
Authors: Shuai Wenlong , Huang Qing , Xu Liuli , Mu Yunzhu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundMelanoma is a highly malignant tumor. Moreover, its prevalence is increasing at a rapid rate year after year. Currently, UV light is the leading cause of melanoma, although numerous other risk factors exist, including arsenic. The link between arsenic and the likelihood of developing melanoma has long been debated. As a result, we conducted a meta‐analysis of the available data to investigate the association between arsenic exposure and melanoma.MethodsWe identified seven non‐randomized controlled studies with 41,949 participants by searching the Chinese CNKI, Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane Library databases. We then used random‐effects or fixed‐effects models to evaluate the pooled odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI). Subgroup analyses were also carried out with different included regions.ResultsParticipants in the study who were exposed to arsenic had a somewhat higher chance of developing melanoma than those who were not (OR = 1.47, 95% CI 1.01–2.13). A subgroup analysis was also carried out for the US region, and the findings were not statistically significant (OR = 1.40, 95% CI 0.94–2.07).ConclusionThis meta‐analysis shows that arsenic exposure relates to an increased risk of melanoma.
Mild cognitive impairment in pemphigus
Authors: Ghadirzade Arani Leila , Advani Soroor , Mardani Ghazal , Moslemi Haghighi Shima , Abdollahimajd Fahimeh , Robati Reza M , Mozafari Nikoo , Moravvej Hamideh , Gheisari Mehdi , Nasiri Soheila , Dadkhahfar Sahar 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundPemphigus is a group of autoimmune blistering disorders that have been associated with dementia in previous studies. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) can be the first stage of progression into dementia. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the frequency of MCI in pemphigus patients compared to a control group.MethodsThis case‐control study included 80 patients with pemphigus referred to the dermatology clinics of Shohadaye Tajrish and Loghman Hakim hospitals, Tehran, Iran, in 2021. A group of 80 individuals without pemphigus who visited the same clinics for cosmetic consultation or interventions were regarded as controls. Age, sex, marital status, and education were recorded for all participants. Disease duration, medications, and severity were noted for pemphigus patients. The Persian version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test was used to assess cognitive function.ResultsMCI was significantly more frequent in pemphigus patients than in controls (55% vs. 37.5%, P = 0.026). Furthermore, the total MoCA score was significantly lower in pemphigus patients compared to controls (23.98 ± 3.77 vs. 25.21 ± 3.45, P = 0.032); however, among MoCA's different domains, only the executive functions score was significantly lower in pemphigus patients (P = 0.010). After adjustment, multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that every 1‐year higher education in patients decreased the odds of MCI by 52% (adjusted odds ratio = 0.483, 95% confidence interval 0.326; 0.715, P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe frequency of MCI was found to be significantly higher, and overall scores of the MoCA test, as well as its executive function domain, were significantly lower among pemphigus patients in this study compared to the control group. Additionally, a higher level of education was associated with decreased odds of MCI in pemphigus patients. Identifying pemphigus patients with MCI through the use of the MoCA test can facilitate early intervention, enabling them to seek help and support.