bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultraviolet treatment and biodegradation of dibenzothiophene: Identification and toxicity of products
Authors: Cooper Ellen M. , Stapleton Heather M. , Matson Cole W. , Di Giulio Richard T. , Schuler Andrew J. 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Biodegradation of pollutants often results in incomplete mineralization and formation of degradation products with unknown chemical and toxicological characteristics. Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, a common technology used in water and wastewater treatment, may help reduce aqueous concentrations of degradation products produced during biological treatment and their associated hazards. Combined biological and UV transformations may be important in natural systems as well. We investigated the effects of UV irradiation (254 nm) on dibenzothiophene (DBT), a sulfur-containing polyaromatic hydrocarbon, in artificial seawater, and its effects on biodegradation products produced from mixed-community microbial transformations of DBT, including DBT sulfone, DBT sulfoxide, hydroxylated and carboxylated benzothiophenes, thiosalicylic acid, and others. Toxicity of solutions after UV exposure was monitored using bioluminescent bacteria (Vibrio fischeri) and by evaluating cardiac deformities in Fundulus heteroclitus embryos. The highest UV fluence reduced DBT concentration by 28% when DBT was present as the sole organic solute. In postbiodegradation solution, the same fluence reduced the initial concentration of DBT by 81%, and 11 DBT biodegradation products to trace levels. Regardless of UV fluence, DBT by itself produced minimal effects in Fundulus embryos but was moderately toxic to V. fischeri. Postbiodegradation solutions were highly toxic to both test organisms. The highest UV fluence slightly reduced toxicity of postbiodegradation solution to V. fischeri but exacerbated cardiac deformities in Fundulus embryos. Toxicity could not be attributed to specific products and was likely a result of mixture effects. These results emphasize that toxicity can increase during remediation and that multiple assays may be necessary for evaluation. The novel approach of combined biodegradation/UV treatment is promising, although further research is needed to reduce toxicity in the case of DBT. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2010;29:2409–2416. © 2010 SETAC
Mit rationaler Synthese zu Kohlenstoff‐Nanotubes
Authors: Herges Rainer 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIhre außergewöhnlichen elektrischen Eigenschaften machen Kohlenstoff‐Nanotubes für die molekulare Elektronik interessant. Neben Hochtemperaturherstellungsmethoden rückt nun die rationale Synthese von Kohlenstoff‐Nanotubes in den Fokus der chemischen Forschung.
Co‐opetition, distributor's entrepreneurial orientation and manufacturer's knowledge acquisition: Evidence from China
Authors: Li Yuan , Liu Yi , Liu Heng 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBy viewing cooperation and different types of conflicts as “co‐opetition” factors in a manufacturer–distributor supply chain, this paper provides a conceptual model for examining the effects of cooperation and conflicts on a manufacturer's knowledge acquisition process and for exploring the moderating effects of a distributor's entrepreneurial orientation on the relationships between co‐opetition factors and the manufacturer's knowledge acquisition. This conceptual model is tested with 225 dyad samples from manufacturer–distributor supply chains in China. The results show that cooperation and the type of conflict have both individual and interactive effects on the manufacturer's knowledge acquisition, thus highlighting the importance of the co‐opetition perspective on supply chain knowledge management. More importantly, the results show that the entrepreneurial orientation of a distributor positively moderates the relationships between co‐opetition factors and a manufacturer's knowledge acquisition, implying that strengthening the distributor's entrepreneurial orientation can improve the efficiency of co‐opetition and thereby affect the knowledge acquisition of the manufacturer, and highlighting the importance of blended analysis across the domains of supply chain management and entrepreneurship.
Cytoscape Web: an interactive web-based network browser
Authors: Lopes Christian T. , Franz Max , Kazi Farzana , Donaldson Sylva L. , Morris Quaid , Bader Gary D. 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Summary: Cytoscape Web is a web-based network visualization tool–modeled after Cytoscape–which is open source, interactive, customizable and easily integrated into web sites. Multiple file exchange formats can be used to load data into Cytoscape Web, including GraphML, XGMML and SIF.
Availability and Implementation: Cytoscape Web is implemented in Flex/ActionScript with a JavaScript API and is freely available at http://cytoscapeweb.cytoscape.org/
Contact: gary.bader@utoronto.ca
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Redistribution of wealth on merger announcements in India
Authors: Ramakrishnan K. 
Published: July 2010

PurposeResearch on mergers has made considerable progress over the last 50 years and has produced a vast body of literature, especially in the developed markets of the world. Little is known about the effect of announcements of mergers on shareholder wealth in the Indian context. Also unknown is the apparent influence of the market for corporate control on such wealth effects. The purpose of this paper is to fill gaps in this knowledge.Design/methodology/approachThe study uses a standard event study method and statistically analyses share price and other secondary data.FindingsIt was found that the acquired firm shareholders enjoy significant wealth gains of 11.6 per cent in a 21‐day event window period, whereas the acquiring and combined firm shareholders do not do so. Mergers that do not see transfer of corporate control bestow significant wealth gains of 21.1 per cent on announcement on the target firm shareholders, whereas those where such a transfer takes place do not witness such gains.Research limitations/implicationsOne of the limitations of the study is the period. This study, a part of research covering a larger gamut of issues, necessitated the restriction of the time to the seven‐year 1996‐2002 timeline. The sample size of 34 usable, finally merged pairs of firms may appear limited, though several studies of this genre have used smaller sample sizes. However, the findings obtained are of value. The study points towards further research using a longer period that might help one to understand longitudinal variations in merger announcement effects on shareholder wealth. It also encourages future studies on several other factors which influence such effects.Practical implicationsThe redistribution of shareholder wealth on merger announcement in India seems to be following a pattern similar to that found in many other studies, though the quantum of gains to the target shareholders is larger. Managers may also have to factor‐in the impact of the transfer of corporate control from the acquired to the acquiring firm on their assessment of shareholder wealth effects before announcing mergers.Originality/valueThe paper simultaneously adds to knowledge about wealth effects on merger announcement and the influence of the market for corporate control on this effect, in the Indian context.
Personal financial planning attitudes: a preliminary study of graduate students
Authors: Murphy David S. , Yetmar Scott 
Published: July 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to report on a survey about the personal financial planning attitudes of MBA students in the USA.Design/methodology/approachThe study surveyed 206 MBA students about their attitudes to personal financial planning. Participants were asked about their level of knowledge, whether they had prepared components of a financial plan, where they might seek assistance in such a process and the criteria for selecting a financial planner. In addition, participants were asked to indicate their level of confidence in a financial plan's capacity to help them meet their long‐term needs and the likelihood that they would implement such a plan.FindingsThe findings indicate that, while most respondents feel both that financial planning is important and that they are interested in developing a financial plan, very few feel that they have the necessary skills and knowledge to prepare their own plan. In addition, the participants indicated a strong preference for professional personal financial planning advice. The study also indicates that less than 13 percent have prepared a comprehensive personal financial plan. When asked to identify the one professional from whom they would seek advice, certified financial planners were the preferred resource.Research limitations/implicationsWhile the results are not generalizable to the wider population, the views of this group are important because one might expect that educated individuals would be both more interested in personal financial planning and more capable of preparing their own plans compared with average Americans.Practical implicationsThe study presents some implications for practice and financial literacy education from a US perspective.Originality/valueA perceived need of respondents is to feel that their financial planner will put their needs first. While some professionals believe this to be the hallmark of “independence,” the respondents placed less importance on planner independence. In order to foster client confidence, planners must act in ways that convey clearly the primacy of their clients' needs.
Technological change and employer‐provided training: evidence from UK workplaces
Authors: Gashi Ardiana N. , Pugh Geoff , Adnett Nick 
Published: July 2010

PurposeThis paper sets out to examine the link between technological change and continuing training at a workplace level.Design/methodology/approachThe paper hypothesises that workplaces subject to technological change have an increased demand for skills, which induces an increased provision of training. UK data from two waves (1998 and 2004) of the Workplace Employment Relations Survey (WERS) are used to investigate this hypothesis.FindingsWorkplaces undertaking technological change are more likely to train their workers and also to provide more days of training per worker. Team working is also associated with a greater number of days spent on training, as are the setting of training targets and the keeping of training records. Training intensity decreases with an increasing share of part‐time and manual employees. Conversely, where workplaces face difficulties in filling skilled vacancies, they provide more days of training.Research limitations/implicationsThe WERS training questions refer only to core experienced employees which, since this group may vary from one workplace to another, may not give a completely consistent measure of either absolute or relative training provision. Because the WERS panel (1998 and 2004) excludes both the dependent variable (training intensity) and the variable of interest (technical change), the analysis is restricted to cross‐section estimation. Causal implications of this analysis should be regarded as correspondingly tentative.Practical implicationsThe findings suggest that one way to induce firms to provide more training is by enhanced incentives for firms to undertake more rapid technological change. In addition, if the current global economic downturn persists, evidence that operating in a declining market is associated with the provision of fewer training days may be of particular concern to training professionals and policy makers.Originality/valueThe paper provides empirical evidence concerning the interaction between technological change and training.
Fair‐weather friends: why compacts fail non‐government organisations
Authors: Edgar Gemma , Lockie Frances 
Published: July 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to focus on compacts and their effectiveness in ensuring that non‐government organisations (NGOs) are able to remain independent, critical checks on government.Design/methodology/approachThe experiences of the English Compact and the Working Together for NSW agreement, created in the Australian state of New South Wales (NSW). The analysis of Working Together relies upon interviews conducted with key informants involved in its negotiation. Using these cases the effectiveness of compacts in supporting NGOs, particularly in their role as advocates is examined.FindingsThe paper finds that, despite the similarities between the English Compact and Working Together, the NSW government has not produced similar supporting structures or mechanisms and that no champion exists to drive it within government. As a result, awareness of Working Together is low in both the NSW government and among NGOs, and, unlike the English Compact, it has had little effect on the ability of NGOs to advocate independently. As such, it is suggested that compacts do not offer long‐term solutions to the difficulties in the relationship between governments and NGOs. This is because their efficacy is reliant upon the support of government.Research limitations/implicationsThe list of interviewees is by no means exhaustive. Despite numerous attempts, the authors were unable to obtain interviews from a number of figures approached from middle‐level departments within the NSW state government.Originality/valueThe interviews are original and new to the literature on compacts. This interview material is especially useful as little literature exists that analyses the Working Together for NSW agreement.
Barriers to outsourcing domestic chores in dual‐earner households
Authors: Windebank Jan 
Published: July 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the reasons women living in dual‐earner households give for not outsourcing domestic chores so as to understand better the barriers to the outsourcing of domestic labour.Design/methodology/approachThe analysis is based on a web questionnaire survey amongst 550 staff of a large service‐sector employer in the UK. Using the Likert scale, reasons why households did or did not outsource domestic chores were investigated.FindingsThe two main reasons for not outsourcing which emerged from the research were first, not being able to afford it and second, the satisfaction individuals derived from looking after their own homes.Research limitations/implicationsThe first finding concerning affordability reinforces previous research that emphasises income as a determining factor in domestic outsourcing. The second finding that some women do not outsource because they put a positive value on looking after their own homes raises the question of whether the under‐development of domestic outsourcing reflects a culture of resistance to the commodification of private life or evidence of the persistence of traditional ideas concerning domesticity and gender identity.Originality/valueMany studies of domestic outsourcing have focused on the provider/supplier. Fewer concentrate on the consumer and where this has been done, it has been those who outsource that have been the focus of research. This article contributes to the debate by concentrating on those who do not outsource regular domestic tasks as a way of understanding the barriers to domestic outsourcing.
How can we explain mixed effects of diversity on team performance? A review with emphasis on context
Authors: Haas Hartmut 
Published: July 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to address the still unresolved issue of explaining the mixed diversity effects on team performance found in empirical research. A special focus is on context factors that have remained systematically unexplored with regard to their potential moderating role.Design/methodology/approachThis review thoroughly analyses 30 empirical studies on direct diversity‐performance effects. Information on team context is collected and compared according to diversity type and its relationship with performance. As meta‐analyses and narrative reviews provide contradicting evidence, empirical studies are evaluated in terms of regression results as well as correlation coefficients.FindingsThe comparison of regression and correlation results finds contradictions concerning the trend towards positive or negative relationships. Context factors with moderating potential are discovered for some of the tested diversity variables. Reported curvilinear relationships seem to be responsible for non‐significant outcomes of linear analyses.Research limitations/implicationsThis review is limited as it only includes studies on direct relationships of diversity and performance whereas work on the link of diversity and team processes is not considered. Empirical diversity studies in the future should include more detailed information on context factors, especially descriptive data of the sample population. New research in this field should furthermore test whether non‐linear relationships exist as they might be the cause for non‐significant linear relationships.Originality/valueThis paper provides valuable insights for researchers investigating the impact of diversity on team performance as it highlights the importance of descriptive context information and potential moderating variables.
Mobile banking rollout in emerging markets: evidence from Brazil
Authors: Cruz Pedro , Barretto Filgueiras Neto Lineu , Muñoz‐Gallego Pablo , Laukkanen Tommi 
Published: July 2010

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to investigate the perceived obstacles to the adoption of mobile banking services among Brazilian internet users and search for patterns according to socio‐demographics variables.Design/methodology/approachData were collected through an online survey involving the internet banking customers of a major Brazilian bank. A total of 3,585 usable cases were collected from customers who do not use any kind of mobile devices (cell phones, PDAs or Smartphones) to access electronic banking services. The main reasons for rejecting the service were explored using multidimensional scaling, while chi‐square tests were used to assess differences between socio‐demographic variables.FindingsThe results indicate that the majority of respondents do not use any kind of mobile banking service. Perception of cost, risk, low perceived relative advantage and complexity were revealed to be the main reasons behind the reluctance to use the service. The influence of other background factors is less evident.Practical implicationsThe research has practical implications, as it suggests guidance strategies and presents directions for service enhancement as a key to overcoming the perceived obstacles to m‐banking adoption.Originality/valueThis is the first empirical research exploring mobile banking resistance factors in Brazil.
Mobile banking: proposition of an integrated adoption intention framework
Authors: Püschel Júlio , Afonso Mazzon José , Mauro C. Hernandez José 
Published: July 2010

PurposeThis paper's objective is to propose an integrated framework to investigate the adoption intention of mobile banking technology and to test it in the Brazilian context.Design/methodology/approachA total of 666 respondents from the most economically developed cities in Brazil were surveyed. The sample comprised 333 mobile banking users and 333 mobile banking non‐users. Partial least squares was used to analyze the proposed framework's construct relations.FindingsThe framework offers an integrated view, taking into account more predictors than other studies on the adoption of innovations. For non‐users, the framework was able to explain approximately 69 percent of the dependent variable (intention to adopt mobile banking) variation, which is a figure higher than those obtained in previous studies. However, for current users of mobile banking, only 27 percent of the dependent variable variation was explained by the framework. It was also observed that the predictors' influence over the criterion variable was different for each group of mobile banking users and non‐users.Originality/valueThe findings suggest that the proposed integrated framework offers a deeper understanding of the variables that influence the adoption of mobile banking.
Cooperation in organizations
Authors: Schalk René , Curşeu Petru L. 
Published: July 2010

PurposeThe paper aims to introduce the papers in this special issue which highlight the importance of cooperation in organizations, and outline future research directions.Design/methodology/approachConceptual approaches to cooperation in organizations are described and a brief outline is given to each paper in the special issue.FindingsThis special issue brings together studies that enhance our theoretical understanding of cooperation, addressing core issues related to the role of cultural differences, virtual communication, team processes, leader behavior, and the impact of norms on cooperation.Practical implicationsFactors that facilitate or hinder cooperation in organizations are highlighted, and suggestions on how to deal with those issues in practice are provided. The papers facilitate understanding of the role of cultural differences, communication, team processes, and leader behavior on cooperation in organizations.Originality/valueThe paper provides an introduction to the special issue.
Public‐good games and the Balinese
Authors: Veszteg Róbert F. , Narhetali Erita 
Published: July 2010

PurposeThe Balinese have been successful for centuries in sustaining cooperation among the members of local communities in order to provide public goods through individual contributions. The purpose of this paper is to review and highlight the Balinese mechanism's remarkable features.Design/methodology/approachThe paper surveyed the experimental literature on public goods and highlighted those features of the Balinese tradition that have been proven to be both effective in the experimental laboratory and successful in deterring free‐riding on the field.FindingsThe most prominent features discussed are decentralization, democratic decision making, the use of two currencies, supervision, and the possibility of imposing severe sanctions for free‐riding.Social implicationsThe paper's findings not only can help to preserve the high level of cooperation among inhabitants in Bali threatened by migration flows and the increasingly intense reliance on the market mechanism, but they also provide general insights both for theoreticians and practitioners on how to create successful communities. In addition, the literature review sheds light on several features of public‐good games that have not been satisfactorily explored yet by experimental economists.Originality/valueThe novelty of the paper's approach lies in looking at the Balinese tradition through the glasses of mechanism design theory and aligning the related findings of experimental economics in order to understand its success and problems.