bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring Reasons for Cervical Cancer Screening Uptake by Female Clinicians at AIC Kijabe Hospital
Authors: Belyse Arakaza  , Peter David Halestrap  , Stephanie Onguka  
Published: April 2024

Cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women of reproductive age in Kenya. Local data suggests that the uptake of cervical cancer screening is low among the general population. Clinicians play a vital role in the fight against cervical cancer. However regional data demonstrates a low uptake of cervical cancer screening among clinicians. This study aimed at exploring reasons for personal screening uptake and recommendations to increase screening uptake among female clinicians at AIC Kijabe Hospital. This was a qualitative study using 22 in-depth interviews with female clinicians. Data analysis was done using thematic analysis. Personal cervical cancer screening uptake was mostly facilitated by the perception of risk, the desire to model positive health behavior and the convenience of awareness campaigns. Aversion to the screening process was a major barrier to screening among this population. Some of the female clinicians’ suggestions to improve clinicians’ screening uptake were details on how to improve the screening process. Significant barriers deter cervical cancer screening among this population. Increasing knowledge and improving the screening process might improve screening uptake among female clinicians at AIC Kijabe Hospital.
Influence of Strategic Formulation on the Performance of Small and Medium Manufacturing Enterprises in Kenya
Authors: Sekere Karimi , Kiriri Peter , Njenga Kepha 
Published: April 2024

This study addressed the influence of strategic formulation on the performance of Small and Medium Manufacturing Enterprises in Kenya. Methodically, the study was guided by the positivist research philosophy and applied cross-sectional descriptive research design. The population of the study targeted was 622 Small and Medium Manufacturing Enterprises registered under the Kenya Association of Manufacturers membership, based in Kenya. Stratified random sampling technique was adopted to select 243 managers and business owners. Primary data was collected using a structured questionnaire based on the research objectives. Data collection was conducted in a structured inexpensive and minimal time-consuming manner, assisting in answering the when, who, where, what, and how questions and also to determine whether a relationship exists between the dependent and independent variables. Both descriptive and inferential analysis were employed for analysis. The descriptive statistics revealed that mission had the highest average mean of 4.19, while vision, goals, and policies had an average mean of 4.12 each. Regression analysis found that strategic formulation significantly predicted performance, ꞵ = .300, t =7.292, p = .000, hence the null hypothesis was rejected. The study concluded that strategic formulation substantially influences the performance of Small and Medium Manufacturing Enterprises in Kenya. the study therefore recommends that the management should also review the mission, vision, goals, and policies of the firms frequently and accordingly as it helps in performance improvement.
Driving Digital Transformation in Insurance Firms: Unleashing the Power of Identifying Adaptive Challenges Behavior
Authors: John ogilla Odindo  , George K'aol  , Kefah Njenga  
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of identifying adaptive challenges behavior on the digital transformation of insurance firms in Kenya. Guided by the research question on the relationship between identifying adaptive challenges behavior and digital transformation, the study employed an adaptive leadership theoretical framework and a postpositivist philosophical stance. A descriptive correlational research design was adopted, and data were collected from a target population of 392 through a self-administered questionnaire. A sample of 127 supervisors was drawn from the 56 insurance firms listed by the Insurance Regulatory Authority. The ordinal logistic regression results indicated a good model, which explained 59.7% of the variance in digital transformation and significantly predicted digital transformation β2 = -4.787, p ≤ .05. Hence, identifying adaptive challenges behavior has significant influence on the digital transformation of insurance firms in Kenya. The research recommended that identifying adaptive challenges behavior is emphasized in driving digital transformation in the insurance industry.
Influence of Security Governance on Enterprise Security Risk Management Adoption in Chartered Universities in Kenya
Authors: Levis Omusugu Amuya  , Peterson Mwai Kariuki  , Consolata Ndung'u Thuranira  
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of security governance on Enterprise Security Risk Management (ESRM) adoption in Kenya’s chartered universities. We utilized the diffusion of innovation theory to explain security governance as an organizational characteristic that steers and guides ESRM adoption in universities. From a target of 60 chartered universities, we randomly selected a sample of 22 public and 20 private chartered universities. We collected data from a security executive from the main campus of each of the sampled universities using a self-administered questionnaire. Spearman’s correlation results revealed that security governance had a strong, positive, and statistically significant influence on ESRM adoption; rs (33) =.524; p =.002. Ordinal logistic regression analysis indicated a good model, which explained 53.4% of the variance in ESRM adoption. Therefore, security governance has a significant influence on ESRM adoption. We have discussed managerial implications and suggested future research directions.
An Evaluation of Academic Integrity and Sustainable Quality Education in Higher Learning Institutions in Kenya: Students’ Perspectives
Authors: Murumba Joan , Alari Jacklyne Okello 
Published: April 2024

Education has been recognized globally as an essential weapon for attaining economic, social, and political development in any nation. Education is a fundamental tool in achieving sustainable development. Academic integrity is the act of honesty, trust, and responsibility that the academic community exhibits. Institutions of higher learning embrace an eminent institutional culture by providing quality assurance structures that take cognizance of the inputs, processes, and outputs of the entire learning process nurturing academic integrity. This is because academic integrity gives students and faculty the flexibility to develop new ideas, knowledge, and creative works while also appreciating and acknowledging others' efforts. This paper explored the question of academic integrity in the context of sustainable development in universities in Kenya. A mixed research approach and a cross-sectional design were adopted. A total of 550 respondents were approached for the study. The authors adopted primary and secondary data collection tools to collect data from undergraduate and postgraduate students using simple random sampling. They specifically analyzed documents and collected primary data on forms of academic integrity violation, ways of engaging in academic violations, punishment, and preventive strategies for academic violations. Well-defined strategies, information literacy programmes, ethical policies, good leadership, proper guidelines, mentorship, customized technology, and authentic assessment are seen to be catalysts for promoting academic integrity. While lack of proper strategies, weak policies, fear of failure, and insufficient mentorship inhibit academic integrity standards and practices which negatively influence the acquisition of relevant soft and hard skills needed in the industry. The authors developed an academic integrity framework for consideration by universities in Kenya and beyond. These findings may be used to support relevant policy development in academic institutions. Universities may also benefit by implementing or adapting the proposed academic integrity framework.
STAKEHOLDER-INVOLVEMENT IN WATER RESOURCE RELATED CONFLICT MANAGEMENT IN LAKE TURKANA BASIN OF KENYA
Authors: David Ngonge  , Elvin Nyukuri  , Kariuki Muigua  
Published: April 2024

Lake Turkana is the largest permanent desert lake in the world and a crucial water source in Turkana County, sustaining thousands of livelihoods. The ethnic groups are primarily nomadic pastoralists. The region is heavily prone to perennial water resources related conflict resulting into perennial displacement of human beings and animals. Prior studies established that perennial resource conflict is fuelled by stakeholders. The study aimed to determine stakeholders' participation in managing water resource conflict in Kenya's Lake Turkana Basin. A descriptive research design anchored on negotiation theory was applied. A sample of 36 respondents were contacted through a structured questionnaire, Key Informant Interview (KII) schedule, observation guide and Focused Group Discussions (FGDs). The study revealed limited stakeholder exposure to conflict management and biased participation. The study concluded that stakeholder involvement and poor stakeholder identification bred water resource related conflict. In matters conflict management, the under-developed road structures and poor communication facilities make it difficult to mobilize people in the vast lake basin The study recommends broader stakeholder inclusion in future conflict management, applying Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) methods such as enhanced traditional dispute resolution mechanism, mediation and negotiation.
In Vitro Evaluation of Effect of Storage Time on Immunogenicity of the 10-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Using Baby Rabbit Complement & HL-60 Cells
Authors: Walekhwa Michael , Maiyo Fiona , Kerubo Teresa , Kipsang Fred 
Published: April 2024

Background: The efficacy and effectiveness of a vaccine is influenced by several factors including storage duration. Additionally, vaccines may be sufficiently administered but functionality of antibody generated may be hampered with by other factors such as nutritional status of the patient. As such, one of the ways of assessing vaccine efficacy is assessing the functionality of the antibodies generated. The 10v-PCV is a highly effective vaccine used to prevent invasive pneumococcal diseases in children. However, here in Kenya, cases of pneumococcal diseases are high and challenging to treat. This study thus aimed to evaluate the effect of storage of PCV-10 storage time on the functionality of Abs generated.

Methodology; An in vitro experimental research design was employed for this study. opsonophagocytic activity assay using HL-60 Cells & Baby rabbit complement was used to assess whether or not the Pneumococci Serotype IgG antibodies elicited following administration with 10v-PCV vaccine are functional. Only 10v-PCV vaccine with same production date were procured. Twenty experimental rabbits of same gender were procured and used injected intraperitoneally with 3 doses of 100µl (0.34g) of 10v-PCV vaccine after every four weeks. Antibody functionality was then assessed using the opsonophagocytic activity assay method.

Results: An average of 28.9% of pneumococcus exposed to the vaccine-induced secreted antibodies were killed by the pneumococcal IgG antibody. The highest percentage of number of bacteria killed was achieved after the 3rd dose of vaccination. There was no significant influence of storage duration on opsonophagocytic activity of generated antibodies.

Conclusion: Storing of 10v-PCV vaccine up to 12 weeks does not significantly affect the opsonophagocytic activity of pneumococcal IgG antibodies.
Selected Leadership Styles and Corporate Governance: Literature Review on Relationship Perspective
Authors: Ouma Caren 
Published: April 2024

This article provides comprehensive literature analyses of the relationship between selected contemporary/modern leadership styles and Corporate Governance (CG). Do leaders apply appropriate CG as they exercise their leadership styles? Therefore, the paper underscores that a good leadership style embraces good CG. Selected leadership styles such as; transformational, transactional, servant, and authentic leadership, have an impact on CG on aspects such as; stakeholder rights, composition of the board of directors, shareholder’s behavior, management practices, organizational policies, and regulations. The Postulated theories of CG such as; agency theory, stewardship theory, stakeholder theory, and resource dependency theory are explored. The literature findings signify the efficacy and predominance of effective leadership styles in shaping good CG practices and the need for appropriate mechanisms that support and enhance effective leadership.
Self-Reliance Projects
Authors: John Mathenge KING'AU  , Catherine Ng'endo Munyua  , Babere K. Chacha  
Published: April 2024

In Kenya today majority of the youth are out of school and not employed in the formal economy and private sector jobs are also scarce. Acknowledging this reality, the Kenyan government and other youth service organizations are learning that proper strategies need to be put in place to help youth penetrate into the formal economy. The strategies should further assist and accelerate this process while improving the short-term well-being of youth and their households. When appropriately engaged and adequately prepared for roles in the worlds of work, family life, and society, youth can be definite assets for sustainable development. However, if governments and communities disregard the huge numbers of youth with miniÂ­mal attachment to the formal sector, youth can also become a profoundly de-stabilizing force. Specifically, the absence of livelihood developÂ­ment opportunities for youth can impede a nationâ€™s development in the form of increased crime, violence, extremÂ­ism, and both social and political instability. This paper examines the self-reliance projects as a future core driver of rural youth livelihood development outcomes in Kenya. The paper is based on a study conducted to determine the effects of self-reliance projects on the livelihoods of youth in selected rural areas of Nakuru County. A descriptive survey research design was used for the study. Data was collected using interviews and questionnaires. Data collected was analyzed using SPSS where frequencies and percentages were derived. Descriptive statistics was used in providing relevant information. Findings indicate that successful rural self-reliance projects have to integrate important basic services such as entrepreneurial training; infrastructure as well as financing. The study further established that development partners enhancing youth participation in self-reliance projects should ensure substantive dialogue or the involvement of youth from the rural areas. The recommendation is that interventions designed for youth self-reliance projects must engage and support youth. Most of the youth are already economically active and focused on the imÂ­mediate needs of their households, and the rural youth desire is to realize more sustainable and socially construcÂ­tive livelihood means.
INVESTIGATION ON ENTREPRENEURIAL VIABILITY OF INDIGENOUS INNOVATIONS IN KENYA. A SURVEY OF BARINGO AND NAKURU COUNTIES ON MURSIK MILK.
Authors: Geoffrey Gitau Kamau  
Published: April 2024

Indigenous innovations can aid developing nations embark on a cumulative path of positive growth by providing great opportunities to stimulate economic growth leveraged on indigenous knowledge, cultural practices and resources residing within native communities. Mursik is milk preservation traditional technology among Kalenjin community in the Great Rift Valley in Kenya. The community is renown worldwide for producing dominant athletes in the world, especially in long distances races such as marathons. The trademark heroic welcome of these athletes is a sip of this prized Mursik. Over the years scanty businesses have attempted to market this milk in food outlets with a few also attempting to process and pack it. However, the success and commercial performance or future potential has remained unknown. This study therefore aimed at investigating on entrepreneurial viability Mursik so as to propose a framework model for its commercialization that can be generalized to other related indigenous innovations that abound in diverse communities in Kenya. Specifically, the study determined supply side characteristics, demand side characteristics, innovation€™s characteristics, and moderating effect of innovation promoters. Data was obtained using semi-structured questionnaires administered on a snow-balled sample of size of 59 accessed enterprises. However, only 35 of those enterprises completed the data collection adequately for analysis. The selected enterprises comprised caterers, hotels, foods outlets and processors where Mursik. Each provided one respondent who was the senior manager or entrepreneur of the enterprise. The findings obtained indicated that whereas there was huge supply of milk in the proximal catchment area the supply was not consistent and suppliers preferred delivering it to large milk processors who had not yet adopted Mursik as part of their line of products. Further, the consumption demand for Mursik was dominated by members of the indigenous Kalenjin community and who also preferred home brewed Murisk for better quality and its cultural associations. The innovation itself strongly possessed necessary characteristics for potential for massive adoption. It was also found to elicit a lot of interest with new users who were willing to try it. However, the knowledge and technology transfer capacity was very constraining. The traditional production process was also inevitably slow and would not be consistent with rapid production process associated with most milk products in fast moving consumer goods. The researcher therefore recommends an experimental study on technology improvement to enable rapid production and yet maintain quality and value attributed to the original Mursik product, and also determination of means of value packaging, promotion and distribution beyond the traditional users of the product.
Physicians’ Knowledge from Different Religious Background on Management of Diabetic Patients during Ramadan Fasting in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Mohamed Hatem Abdulgabbar , Nasser Ramzi Naim , Doumit Jacqueline 
Published: April 2024

The objective of this study is to assesses the knowledge of physicians about basic facts of Ramadan and their ability to give health guidance for diabetic patients to people who are funding and changing their wishing to fast during Ramadan. We studied the knowledge of physicians on Ramadan fasting as a religious duty and impact of some social practices on the fasting diabetic patients. The sample included all the non-Muslim physicians working in different hospitals and health care centers in Najran. Data was collected over a period of one month. This was a quasi-experimental study where non-Muslim physicians were questioned on their knowledge and advice they give to diabetic patients and professional practice of physicians, pre and post a focus group intervention. There were 52 non-Muslim physicians most of the respondents (55.8%) see more than five diabetic patients per week in Ramadan, who had some enquires relevant to Ramadan fasting. Major source of information on Ramadan fasting was through personal communication with Muslim colleagues. Factors that impair diabetic control include cessation of medications, self-modification of dose, increase in consumption of sugar and increased physical activity. We conclude that physicians in Saudi Arabia lack basic religious knowledge on Ramadan that influences health and disease. By simple measures such as distributing written teaching materials or focused group discussions, we can empower their abilities to provide efficient advice to diabetic patients wishing to observe Ramadan fasting.
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor di Kota Palembang
Authors: Firda Apriani  , Msy. Mikial  , Pipit Fitri Rahayu  
Published: April 2024

Abstract : The research aims to determine and analyze the influence of E-SAMSAT, Mobile SAMSAT and Corner SAMSAT on Motor Vehicle Taxpayer Compliance in Palembang City. The research method used is quantitative. A total of 100 motor vehicle taxpayers in Palembang City were used as samples, using a purposive sampling technique for sampling. In this research, primary data was obtained from distributing questionnaires which were then processed via SPSS. The results of the first research, simultaneously E-SAMSAT, Mobile SAMSAT and Corner SAMSAT have an effect on taxpayer compliance with a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05. secondly, E-SAMSAT has an effect on motor vehicle tax compliance in Palembang City with a significant value of 0.000 < 0.05. Third, Mobile SAMSAT has no effect on motor vehicle tax compliance in Palembang City with a significance value of 0.05 > 0.669. Fourth, SAMSAT Corner influences motor vehicle tax compliance in Palembang City with a significance value of 0.049 < 0.050.
Abstrak : Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis Pengaruh E-SAMSAT, SAMSAT Keliling dan SAMSAT Corner Terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor di Kota Palembang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yakni Kuantitatif. Sebanyak 100 Wajib Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor di Kota Palembang dijadikan sebagai sampel, dengan teknik purposive sampling sebagai pengambilan sample. Dalam penelitian ini data primer yang didapat dari penyebaran kuesioner yang kemudian diolah melalui SPSS. Hasil penelitian pertama, secara simultan E-SAMSAT, SAMSAT Keliling dan SAMSAT Corner berpengaruh terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak dengan nilai signifikansi 0.000 < 0.05. kedua, E-SAMSAT berpengaruh terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak kendaraan bermotor di Kota Palembang dengan nilai signifian 0.000 < 0.05. Ketiga, SAMSAT Keliling tidak berpengaruh terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak kendaraan bermotor di Kota Palembang dengan nilai signifikansi 0.05 > 0.669. Keempat, SAMSAT Corner berpengaruh terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak kendaraan bermotor di Kota Palembang dengan nilai signifikansi 0.049 < 0.050.
Formation of professional motivation of students in studying a foreign language
Authors: Алимов Ф.Ш. 
Published: April 2024

в статье рассматривается анализ проблем создание профессиональной мотивации студентов неязыковых факультетов к изучению иностранному языку в условиях цифровизации. Целью исследования является выявление трудностей мотивирование, возникающих при обучении иностранных языков. Авторы определил категории студентов и систематично описал разницу между студентами к отношение профессиональной деятельности. Методологией данного исследования является анализ и синтез научной литературы по осмыслению системного, изучение отечественных документов и зарубежных источников. Сделано выводы по формировании мотивации к изучению иностранного языка.
the article discusses the analysis of problems of creating professional motivation of non-linguistic faculty’s students to study a foreign language in the conditions of digitalization. The purpose of the research is to identify motivational difficulties on teaching foreign languages. The authors identified categories of students and systematically described the differences among students in their attitude to professional activities. The methodology of this study is the analysis and synthesis of scientific literature on understanding the system, the study of domestic documents and foreign sources. Conclusions are drawn on the formation of motivation to learn a foreign language.