bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Erythropoietin mediated bone formation is regulated by mTOR signaling
Authors: Kim Jinkoo , Jung Younghun , Sun Hongli , Joseph Jeena , Mishra Anjali , Shiozawa Yusuke , Wang Jingcheng , Krebsbach Paul H. , Taichman Russell S. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe role of erythropoietin (Epo) and Epo/Epo receptor (EpoR) signaling pathways for production of red blood cells are well established. However, little is known about Epo/EpoR signaling in non‐hematopoietic cells. Recently, we demonstrated that Epo activates JAK/STAT signaling in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), leading to the production of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) and bone formation and that Epo also directly activates mesenchymal cells to form osteoblasts in vitro. In this study, we investigated the effects of mTOR signaling on Epo‐mediated osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis. We found that mTOR inhibition by rapamycin blocks Epo‐dependent and ‐independent osteoblastic phenotypes in human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) and ST2 cells, respectively. Furthermore, we found that rapamycin inhibits Epo‐dependent and ‐independent osteoclastogenesis in mouse bone marrow mononuclear cells and Raw264.7 cells. Finally, we demonstrated that Epo increases NFATc1 expression and decreases cathepsin K expression in an mTOR‐independent manner, resulting in an increase of osteoclast numbers and a decrease in resorption activity. Taken together, these results strongly indicate that mTOR signaling plays an important role in Epo‐mediated bone homeostasis. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 220–228, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The role of kupffer cells in rat liver regeneration revealed by cell‐specific microarray analysis
Authors: Xu Cun‐Shuan , Jiang Yun , Zhang Lian‐Xing , Chang Cui‐Fang , Wang Gai‐Ping , Shi Rui‐Jia , Yang Yan‐Jie 
Published: September 2011

AbstractLiver regeneration after partial hepatectomy is a process with various types of cells involved. The role of Kupffer cells (KCs) in liver regeneration is still controversial. In this study we isolated KCs from regenerating liver and conducted cell‐specific microarray analysis. The results demonstrated that the controversial role of KCs in liver regeneration could be explained with the expression patterns of TGF‐α, IL‐6, TNF, and possibly IL‐18 during liver regeneration. IL‐18 may play an important role in negative regulation of liver regeneration. The functional profiles of gene expression in KCs also indicated that KC signaling might play a negative role in cell proliferation: signaling genes were down regulated before cell division. Immune response genes in KCs were also down regulated during liver regeneration, demonstrating similar expression profiles to that of hepatocytes. The expression patterns of key genes in these functional categories were consistent with the temporal functional profiles. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 229–237, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Application of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles prepared from microemulsions for protein purification
Authors: Okoli Chuka , Boutonnet Magali , Mariey Laurence , Järås Sven , Rajarao Gunaratna 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND: Magnetic nanoparticles are of immense interest for their applications in biotechnology. This paper reports the synthesis of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles from two different water‐in‐oil microemulsion systems (ME‐MIONs), their characterization and also their use in purification of coagulant protein.RESULTS: ME‐MIONs have demonstrated to be an efficient binder in the purification of Moringa oleifera protein when compared with the superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles prepared from coprecipitation in aqueous media. The size and morphology of the ME‐MIONs were studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) while the structural characteristics were studied by X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The microemulsion magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (ME 1‐MION and ME 2‐MION) obtained have a size range 7–10 nm. The protein and ME‐MIONs interaction was investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR); the presence of three peaks at 2970, 2910 and 2870 cm−1 respectively, confirms the binding of the protein. The purification and molecular weight of the coagulant protein was 6.5 kDa as analyzed by SDS‐PAGE.CONCLUSION: The ME‐MIONs have the advantage of being easily tailored in size, are highly efficient as well as magnetic, cost effective and versatile; they are, thus, very suitable for use in a novel purification technique for protein or biomolecules that possess similar characteristics to the Moringa oleifera coagulant protein. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Negative effects of yolk testosterone and ticks on growth in canaries
Authors: Vergauwen Jonas , Heylen Dieter , Eens Marcel , Müller Wendt 
Published: September 2011

AbstractMaternal yolk hormones in bird eggs are thought to adjust the offspring to the post‐hatching environment. This implies that the effects of maternal yolk hormones should vary with the post‐hatching environment, but to date such context‐dependency has largely been ignored. We experimentally increased yolk testosterone concentrations in canary eggs and simultaneously manipulated the post‐hatching context via an experimental tick‐infestation of the chicks. This allows us to evaluate the context‐dependency of hormone‐mediated maternal effects, as it has previously been shown that ectoparasites alter the maternal yolk androgen deposition. The experimental tick infestation reduced growth in chicks from sham‐treated eggs, indicating harmful effects of this ectoparasite in canaries. Chicks from testosterone‐treated eggs were not affected in their development by ticks, suggesting lower ectoparasite vulnerability. But this may also be due to the fact that experimentally elevated yolk testosterone levels impaired growth even under parasite‐free conditions. This contrasts previous studies, but these studies often manipulated first laid eggs, while we used eggs of subsequent laying positions. Later laid eggs are presumably of lower quality and contain higher yolk testosterone concentrations. Thus, the effects of elevated yolk testosterone on growth may be dose‐dependent or vary with the egg quality, suggesting prenatal context‐dependency. J. Exp. Zool. 315:553–561, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Comparative genomics of duplicate γ‐glutamyl transferase genes in teleosts: medaka (Oryzias latipes), stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus), green spotted pufferfish (Tetraodon nigroviridis), fugu (Takifugu rubripes), and zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Authors: Law Sheran Hiu Wan , Redelings Benjamin David , Kullman Seth William 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe availability of multiple teleost (bony fish) genomes is providing unprecedented opportunities to understand the diversity and function of gene duplication events using comparative genomics. Here we examine multiple paralogous genes of γ‐glutamyl transferase (GGT) in several distantly related teleost species including medaka, stickleback, green spotted pufferfish, fugu, and zebrafish. Through mining genome databases, we have identified multiple GGT orthologs. Duplicate (paralogous) GGT sequences for GGT1 (GGT1 a and b), GGTL1 (GGTL1 a and b), and GGTL3 (GGTL3 a and b) were identified for each species. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that GGTs are ancient proteins conserved across most metazoan phyla and those paralogous GGTs in teleosts likely arose from the serial 3R genome duplication events. A third GGTL1 gene (GGTL1c) was found in green spotted pufferfish; however, this gene is not present in medaka, stickleback, or fugu. Similarly, one or both paralogs of GGTL3 appear to have been lost in green spotted pufferfish, fugu, and zebrafish. Syntenic relationships were highly maintained between duplicated teleost chromosomes, among teleosts and across ray‐finned (Actinopterygii) and lobe‐finned (Sarcopterygii) species. To assess subfunction partitioning, six medaka GGT genes were cloned and assessed for developmental and tissue‐specific expression. On the basis of these data, we propose a modification of the “duplication‐degeneration‐complementation” model of subfunction partitioning where quantitative differences rather than absolute differences in gene expression are observed between gene paralogs. Our results demonstrate that multiple GGT genes have been retained within teleost genomes. Questions remain, however, regarding the functional roles of multiple GGTs in these species. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 318:35–49, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Selective enrichment of glycopeptides for mass spectrometry analysis using C18 fractionation and titanium dioxide chromatography
Authors: Zhang Bo , Sheng Qianying , Li Xiuling , Liang Qi , Yan Jingyu , Liang Xinmiao 
Published: September 2011

AbstractComprehensive glycoprotein characterization based on mass spectrometry (MS) is challenging because of low concentration of glycopeptides and suppression effect of abundant non‐glycosylated peptides in MS. Therefore, it is vital to enrich glycopeptides before MS analysis. A new method was developed to selectively enrich glycopeptides from complex sample by coupling C18 fractionation with titanium dioxide (TiO2) enrichment. The new method allows to selectively enrich N‐linked glycopeptides with various glycan forms and different sequence lengths. Compared with single TiO2 method, the established method demonstrated higher glycopeptide selectivity and higher glycosylation heterogeneity coverage. Further application of this method to mixture of non‐glycosylated protein and glycoprotein digests at different levels reveals the feasibility of enrichment of tryptic glycopeptides from simple proteomics samples.
Determination of polyphenols in three Capsicum annuum L. (bell pepper) varieties using high‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry: Their contribution to overall antioxidant and anticancer activity
Authors: Jeong Won Y. , Jin Jong S. , Cho Young A. , Lee Jung H. , Park Semin , Jeong Sung W. , Kim Yun‐Hi , Lim Chae‐Shin , El‐Aty A. M. Abd , Kim Gon‐Sup , Lee Soo J. , Shim Jae‐Han , Shin Sung C. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA mixture of polyphenol components was isolated from the fruits of C. annuum L. cv. Cupra, C. annuum L. cv. Orange glory, and C. annuum L. cv. ST4712 (CLST), via 70% methanol extraction followed by column chromatography over silica gel. The polyphenol components of the mixture were analyzed via HPLC–MS/MS and compared with the reported data. Three cinnamic acid derivatives and five flavonoid components in the fruits of the three varieties were identified for the first time in this study. The antioxidant activity and anticancer effect of the polyphenol mixtures of the three fruits were determined. The antioxidant and anticancer activities of CLST were substantially higher than those of C. annuum L. cv. Cupra and C. annuum L. cv. Orange glory. The high activities of CLST were attributed to the much higher concentration of quercetin derivatives in CLST.
Auditory brainstem response morphology and analysis in very preterm neonatal intensive care unit infants
Authors: Coenraad Saskia , Toll Martijn S. , Hoeve Hans L. J. , Goedegebure Andre 
Published: September 2011

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Analysis of auditory brainstem response (ABR) in very preterm infants can be difficult owing to the poor detectability of the various components of the ABR. We evaluated the ABR morphology and tried to extend the current assessment system.Study Design:Prospective cohort study.Methods:We included 28 preterm very low birth weight infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Sophia Children's Hospital. ABRs were measured between 26 and 34 weeks postconceptional age. The presence of the following ABR parameters was recorded: the ipsilateral peaks I, III and V, the contralateral peaks III and V, and the response threshold.Results:In 82% of our population, a typical “bow tie” response pattern was present as a sign of early auditory development. This bow tie pattern is the narrowest part of the response wave and is predominantly characterized by the ipsilateral negative peak III. This effect may be emphasized by the contralateral peak III. The bow tie pattern is seen approximately 0.1 milliseconds before the ipsilateral peak III. From 30 weeks postconceptional age onward, a more extensive morphologic pattern is recorded in 90% of the infants. A flow chart was designed to analyze the ABR morphology of preterm infants in an unambiguous stepwise fashion.Conclusions:A typical bow tie pattern preceding peak III seems to be the earliest characteristic of the developing ABR morphology in preterm infants. As ABR characteristics will improve with increasing age, neonatal hearing screening should be postponed until after 34 weeks.
Analysis of eIF4E and 4EBP1 mRNAs in head and neck cancer
Authors: Sunavala‐Dossabhoy Gulshan , Palaniyandi Senthilnathan , Clark Cheryl , Nathan Cherie‐Ann O. , Abreo Fleurette W. , Caldito Gloria 
Published: September 2011

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:The eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) in conjunction with its binding protein, 4EBP1, regulates the translation of cap‐dependent mRNAs. An aberrant increase in eIF4E shifts the balance in favor of translation of transcripts that promote cell proliferation and malignancy. eIF4E protein is commonly elevated in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC), and its overexpression is associated with increased recurrence. An underlying mechanism for eIF4E overexpression is gene amplification, and we wanted to determine whether eIF4E mRNA could serve as a prognostic maker of HNSCC.Methods:Tumor specimens from 26 HNSCC patients and oral tissues from 17 control subjects were examined for eIF4E and 4EBP1 by semiquantitative RT‐PCR and correlated with clinical and pathologic findings.Results:Unlike eIF4E mRNA alone, expression of eIF4E relative to 4EBP1 was a more precise predictor of HNSCC and its progression (P < .01, Wilcoxon rank sum test). Eight of 26 patients (31%) had elevated eIF4E:4EBP1 (4E:4EBP1; >25), and 7 of these (87.5%) had recurrence. Alternately, from 18 patients with low 4E:4EBP1 (<25; 69%), only 5 patients had recurrence (30.1%). To determine the probability of no recurrence, Kaplan–Meier analysis showed significantly poor disease‐free survival in patients with elevated 4E:4EBP1 than those with low ratios (P < .01, log rank test).Conclusions:Elevated 4E:4EBP1 significantly correlated with increased disease recurrence. Because 4EBP1 modulates eIF4E activity, our results highlight the importance of incorporating a joint analysis of eIF4E and 4EBP1 mRNAs in HNSCC patient care decisions.
Acute stress to excised vocal fold epithelium from reactive oxygen species
Authors: Alper Rebecca , Fu Xue , Erickson‐Levendoski Elizabeth , Zheng Wei , Sivasankar Mahalakshmi 
Published: September 2011

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Vocal fold epithelium is exposed to reactive oxygen species from the inhaled environment and from tissue inflammation. The objective of this study was to explore the functional and structural consequences of reactive oxygen species exposure on vocal fold epithelium.Study Design:In vitro, prospective study design.Methods:Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a common reactive oxygen species, was utilized in this study. Freshly excised, viable porcine vocal fold epithelia (N = 32) were exposed to H2O2 or sham challenge for 2 hours. Electrophysiology, western blotting, and light microscopy were used to quantify the functional and structural effects of reactive oxygen species on vocal fold epithelia.Results:Exposure to reactive oxygen species did not significantly alter transepithelial resistance. There was a small, nonsignificant trend for decreased concentration of epithelial junctional complex protein with reactive oxygen species challenge. Minimal changes to the gross structural appearance of vocal fold epithelia were also noted.Conclusions:The stratified squamous epithelia of the vocal folds effectively defend against an acute reactive oxygen species challenge. The current study lays the groundwork for future investigations on the effects of reactive oxygen species on vocal fold epithelia that are compromised from phonotrauma.
Motivating the millennials: Tapping into the potential of the youngest generation
Authors: Suleman Razor , Nelson Bob 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe millennials are already a considerable part of the nation's workforce, and growing by the day. Members of this generation, generally considered to be born between 1980 and 2000, represent significant numbers: 44 million now in the workforce and 46 million additional workers in the future. Their ways of working and sources of motivation, however, are different from their elders. Suleman and Nelson discuss motivational tools, including personal development and meaningful rewards that tap into the best of what these young employees value.
More than military sexual trauma: Interpersonal violence, PTSD, and mental health in women veterans
Authors: Kelly Ursula A. , Skelton Kelly , Patel Meghna , Bradley Bekh 
Published: September 2011

AbstractMilitary sexual trauma (MST) is reported by 20–40% of female veterans. The purpose of this study of female veterans referred for MST treatment was to examine the relationships between lifetime trauma (physical, sexual, and psychological) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, physical health, and quality of life using retrospective cross‐sectional data from medical records. Of the 135 participants, 95.4% reported at least one trauma in addition to MST, most notably sexual abuse as adult civilians (77.0%) and as children (52.6%). PTSD, depression, and sleep difficulty rates were clinically significant. Chronic pain (66.4%) was associated with childhood abuse, physical health, sleep difficulties, and coping. Integrating mental and physical health treatment is necessary to treat MST and PTSD in female veterans. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 34:457–467, 2011
>16% thin‐film epitaxial silicon solar cells on 70‐cm2 area with 30‐µm active layer, porous silicon back reflector, and Cu‐based top‐contact metallization
Authors: Kuzma‐Filipek Izabela , Dross Frederic , Baert Kris , Hernandez Jose Luis , Singh Sukhvinder , Van Nieuwenhuysen Kris , Poortmans Jef 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTWe demonstrate the use of a copper‐based metallization scheme for the specific application of thin‐film epitaxial silicon wafer equivalent (EpiWE) solar cells with rear chemical vapor deposition emitter and conventional POCl3 emitter. Thin‐film epitaxial silicon wafer equivalent cells are consisting of high‐quality epitaxial active layer of only 30 µm, beneath which a highly reflective porous silicon multilayer stack is embedded. By combining Cu‐plating metallization and narrow finger lines with an epitaxial cell architecture including the porous silicon reflector, a Jsc exceeding 32 mA/cm2 was achieved. We report on reproducible cell efficiencies of >16% on >70‐cm2 cells with rear epitaxial chemical vapor deposition emitters and Cu contacts. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Current‐ and past‐use pesticide prevalence in drainage ditches in the Lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley
Authors: Kröger Robert , Moore Matthew T , Brandt Jason R 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND: Pesticide application is common in agriculture and often results in applied pesticides entering adjacent aquatic systems. This study seasonally analyzed a suite of 17 current‐ and past‐use pesticides in both drainage waters and sediments to evaluate the prevalence of pesticides in drainage ditches across the Lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley (LMAV).RESULTS: There were significantly higher concentrations (P < 0.05) of current‐use than past‐use pesticides; however, there were consistently high numbers of detections of past‐use pesticides in sediments. Sediment pesticide concentrations were an order of magnitude higher (150–1035 µg kg−1) than water samples (6–20.9 µg L−1). Overall, 87% of all samples analyzed for current‐ and past‐use pesticides were non‐detects. p,p′‐DDT was detected in 47.5% of all drainage waters and sediments sampled. There were significant correlations (0.372 ≥ r2≤0.935) between detected current‐use water and sediment concentrations, but no significant correlations between past‐use water and sediment concentrations.CONCLUSION: Overall, there was a high percentage (87%) of sediment and water samples that did not contain detectable concentrations above the lower limit of analytical detection for each respective pesticide. This lack of pesticide prevalence highlights the improved conditions in aquatic systems adjacent to agriculture and a potential decrease in toxicity associated with pesticides in agricultural landscapes in the LMAV. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Holographic otoscope for nanodisplacement measurements of surfaces under dynamic excitation
Authors: Flores‐Moreno J. M. , Furlong Cosme , Rosowski John J. , Harrington Ellery , Cheng Jeffrey T. , Scarpino C. , Santoyo F. Mendoza 
Published: September 2011

AbstractWe describe a novel holographic otoscope system for measuring nanodisplacements of objects subjected to dynamic excitation. Such measurements are necessary to quantify the mechanical deformation of surfaces in mechanics, acoustics, electronics, biology, and many other fields. In particular, we are interested in measuring the sound‐induced motion of biological samples, such as an eardrum. Our holographic otoscope system consists of laser illumination delivery (IS), optical head (OH), and image processing computer (IP) systems. The IS delivers the object beam (OB) and the reference beam (RB) to the OH. The backscattered light coming from the object illuminated by the OB interferes with the RB at the camera sensor plane to be digitally recorded as a hologram. The hologram is processed by the IP using the Fresnel numerical reconstruction algorithm, where the focal plane can be selected freely. Our holographic otoscope system is currently deployed in a clinic, and is packaged in a custom design. It is mounted in a mechatronic positioning system to increase its maneuverability degrees to be conveniently positioned in front of the object to be measured. We present representative results highlighting the versatility of our system to measure deformations of complex elastic surfaces in the wavelength scale including a copper foil membrane and postmortem tympanic membrane. SCANNING 33: 342–352, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.