bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Critical Role for Stromal Interaction Molecule 1 in Cardiac Hypertrophy
Authors: Hulot Jean-Sébastien , Fauconnier Jérémy , Ramanujam Deepak , Chaanine Antoine , Aubart Fleur , Sassi Yassine , Merkle Sabine , Cazorla Olivier , Ouillé Aude , Dupuis Morgan , Hadri Lahouaria , Jeong Dongtak , Mühlstedt Silke , Schmitt Joachim , Braun Attila , Bénard Ludovic , Saliba Youakim , Laggerbauer Bernhard , Nieswandt Bernhard , Lacampagne Alain , Hajjar Roger J. , Lompré Anne-Marie , Engelhardt Stefan 
Published: August 2011

Background—

Cardiomyocytes use Ca
2+
not only in excitation-contraction coupling but also as a signaling molecule promoting, for example, cardiac hypertrophy. It is largely unclear how Ca
2+
triggers signaling in cardiomyocytes in the presence of the rapid and large Ca
2+
fluctuations that occur during excitation-contraction coupling. A potential route is store-operated Ca
2+
entry, a drug-inducible mechanism for Ca
2+
signaling that requires stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1). Store-operated Ca
2+
entry can also be induced in cardiomyocytes, which prompted us to study STIM1-dependent Ca
2+
entry with respect to cardiac hypertrophy in vitro and in vivo.

Methods and Results—

Consistent with earlier reports, we found drug-inducible store-operated Ca
2+
entry in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, which was dependent on STIM1. Although this STIM1-dependent, drug-inducible store-operated Ca
2+
entry was only marginal in adult cardiomyocytes isolated from control hearts, it increased significantly in cardiomyocytes isolated from adult rats that had developed compensated cardiac hypertrophy after abdominal aortic banding. Moreover, we detected an inwardly rectifying current in hypertrophic cardiomyocytes that occurs under native conditions (ie, in the absence of drug-induced store depletion) and is dependent on STIM1. By manipulating its expression, we found STIM1 to be both sufficient and necessary for cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in vitro and in the adult heart in vivo.
Stim1
silencing by adeno-associated viruses of serotype 9–mediated gene transfer protected rats from pressure overload–induced cardiac hypertrophy.

Conclusion—
By controlling a previously unrecognized sarcolemmal current, STIM1 promotes cardiac hypertrophy.
Pilot Study of Extracorporeal Removal of Soluble Fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 1 in Preeclampsia
Authors: Thadhani Ravi , Kisner Tuelay , Hagmann Henning , Bossung Verena , Noack Stefanie , Schaarschmidt Wiebke , Jank Alexander , Kribs Angela , Cornely Oliver A. , Kreyssig Claudia , Hemphill Linda , Rigby Alan C. , Khedkar Santosh , Lindner Tom H. , Mallmann Peter , Stepan Holger , Karumanchi S. Ananth , Benzing Thomas 
Published: August 2011

Background—
Targeted therapies to stabilize the clinical manifestations and prolong pregnancy in preeclampsia do not exist. Soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1), an alternatively spliced variant of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1, induces a preeclampsia-like phenotype in experimental models and circulates at elevated levels in human preeclampsia. Removing sFlt-1 may benefit women with very preterm (<32 weeks) preeclampsia.

Methods and Results—
We first show that negatively charged dextran sulfate cellulose columns adsorb sFlt-1 in vitro. In 5 women with very preterm preeclampsia and elevated circulating sFlt-1 levels, we next demonstrate that a single dextran sulfate cellulose apheresis treatment reduces circulating sFlt-1 levels in a dose-dependent fashion. Finally, we performed multiple apheresis treatments in 3 additional women with very preterm (gestational age at admission 28, 30, and 27+4 weeks) preeclampsia and elevated circulating sFlt-1 levels. Dextran sulfate apheresis lowered circulating sFlt-1, reduced proteinuria, and stabilized blood pressure without apparent adverse events to mother and fetus. Pregnancy lasted for 15 and 19 days in women treated twice and 23 days in a woman treated 4 times. In each, there was evidence of fetal growth.

Conclusions—
This pilot study supports the hypothesis that extracorporeal apheresis can lower circulating sFlt-1 in very preterm preeclampsia. Further studies are warranted to determine whether this intervention safely and effectively prolongs pregnancy and improves maternal and fetal outcomes in this setting.
Resonant and Near-Resonant Internal Wave Interactions
Authors: Lvov Yuri V. , Polzin Kurt L. , Yokoyama Naoto 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
The spectral energy density of the internal waves in the open ocean is considered. The Garrett and Munk spectrum and the resonant kinetic equation are used as the main tools of the study. Evaluations of a resonant kinetic equation that suggest the slow time evolution of the Garrett and Munk spectrum is not in fact slow are reported. Instead, nonlinear transfers lead to evolution time scales that are smaller than one wave period at high vertical wavenumber. Such values of the transfer rates are inconsistent with the viewpoint expressed in papers by C. H. McComas and P. Müller, and by P. Müller et al., which regards the Garrett and Munk spectrum as an approximate stationary state of the resonant kinetic equation. It also puts the self-consistency of a resonant kinetic equation at a serious risk. The possible reasons for and resolutions of this paradox are explored. Inclusion of near-resonant interactions decreases the rate at which the spectrum evolves. Consequently, this inclusion shows a tendency of improving of self-consistency of the kinetic equation approach.
Validation of Backscatter Measurements from the Advanced Scatterometer on MetOp-A
Authors: Anderson C. , Figa J. , Bonekamp H. , Wilson J. J. W. , Verspeek J. , Stoffelen A. , Portabella M. 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
The Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) on the Meteorological Operational (MetOp) series of satellites is designed to provide data for the retrieval of ocean wind fields. Three transponders were used to give an absolute calibration and the worst-case calibration error is estimated to be 0.15–0.25 dB.
In this paper the calibrated data are validated by comparing the backscatter from a range of naturally distributed targets against models developed from European Remote Sensing Satellite (ERS) scatterometer data.
For the Amazon rainforest it is found that the isotropic backscatter decreases from −6.2 to −6.8 dB over the incidence angle range. The ERS value is around −6.5 dB. All ASCAT beams are within 0.1 dB of each other. Rainforest backscatter over a 3-yr period is found to be very stable with annual changes of approximately 0.02 dB.
ASCAT ocean backscatter is compared against values from the C-band geophysical model function (CMOD-5) using ECMWF wind fields. A difference of approximately 0.2 dB below 55° incidence is found. Differences of over 1 dB above 55° are likely due to inaccuracies in CMOD-5, which has not been fully validated at large incidence angles. All beams are within 0.1 dB of each other.
Backscatter from regions of stable Antarctic sea ice is found to be consistent with model backscatter except at large incidence angles where the model has not been validated. The noise in the ice backscatter indicates that the normalized standard deviation of the backscatter values Kp is around 4.5%, which is consistent with the expected value.
These results agree well with the expected calibration accuracy and give confidence that the calibration has been successful and that ASCAT products are of high quality.
Effects of Sea Level Data Assimilation by Ensemble Optimal Interpolation and 3D Variational Data Assimilation on the Simulation of Variability in a Tropical Pacific Model
Authors: Fu Weiwei , Zhu Jiang 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
Sea level anomalies (SLA) from the Ocean Topography Experiment (TOPEX)/Poseidon are assimilated with three-dimensional variational data assimilation (3DVAR) and ensemble optimal interpolation (EnOI) for the period of 1997–2001. When sea level data are assimilated, one major concern is how to project the surface information downward. In 3DVAR, downward projection is usually achieved by minimizing a cost function that computes the relations among temperature, salinity, and sea level. In EnOI, the surface information is propagated to other variables through a stationary ensemble. Their effects on the simulated variability are evaluated in a tropical Pacific Ocean model. When compared with different datasets, it is found that effects of 3DVAR and EnOI are different in several aspects. For sea level, the standard deviation is improved by both methods, but EnOI is more effective in the central/eastern Pacific. The SLA evolution is better reproduced with EnOI than with 3DVAR. For temperature, the model–reanalysis correlations are increased by 0.1–0.2 in the top 200 m with both methods, but EnOI is more effective, especially along the thermocline depth. When compared with the Tropical Atmosphere–Ocean array (TAO) profiles, evolution of the temperature reveals that 3DVAR tends to cause more errors during ENSO events. The correlations with TAO profile are increased by 0.1–0.3 with EnOI and are generally decreased by 0.1–0.3 with 3DVAR. For salinity, both methods have weak impact on the model–reanalysis correlations above the thermocline. Relative to 3DVAR, EnOI can increase the correlation by 0.2 below the thermocline. When compared with the TAO profiles, the differences are reduced to some extent with both methods, but 3DVAR is very negative on the simulated variability.
An Explicit Time-Difference Scheme with an Adams–Bashforth Predictor and a Trapezoidal Corrector
Authors: Kar Sajal K. 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
A new predictor-corrector time-difference scheme that employs a second-order Adams–Bashforth scheme for the predictor and a trapezoidal scheme for the corrector is introduced. The von Neumann stability properties of the proposed Adams–Bashforth trapezoidal scheme are determined for the oscillation and friction equations. Effectiveness of the scheme is demonstrated through a number of time integrations using finite-difference numerical models of varying complexities in one and two spatial dimensions. The proposed scheme has useful implications for the fully implicit schemes currently employed in some semi-Lagrangian models of the atmosphere.
Experimental Test Results for a Fiber Bragg Grating-based Flow Sensor
Authors: Pannekeet Robbert , Rodriguez-Erdmenger Rodrigo , Ruggiero Eric J. , Simpson Alexander , Wolfe Christopher 
Published: August 2011

A fiber optic-based mass flow sensor has been developed that uses fiber Bragg gratings to deduce flow velocity. Flow velocity, local temperature, pressure measurements (which all can be extracted using fiber Bragg gratings), and geometric information can be combined to determine mass flow. A range of concepts have each been investigated and compared using the same “design of experiment” for each sensor. The most promising concept has been further developed into a prototype. The working prototype successfully demonstrated a thermally insensitive sensor design that has the capability to track flow velocities. The sensor design is incorporated directly with a structural beam element to magnify the strain effect while simultaneously compensating for thermally induced wavelength shifts in the sensor response. Further testing has been performed using three flexible beams at different angular positions, demonstrating that flow angles can be measured using a similar approach to that used for three-hole pneumatic probes. As a final test, the sensor has been tested in a shock tube, demonstrating superior performance to steady pneumatic measurements, which rely on tubing to reach the measurement location.
Bone health management in prostate cancer patients receiving androgen deprivation therapy
Authors: Dhanapal Vishnuprabha , Reeves David J 
Published: August 2011

Purpose. Patients receiving androgen deprivation therapy undergo a rapid decline in bone mineral density during the first 6 to 12 months of initiating therapy. The World Health Organization has developed and implemented the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) to predict the ten year risk of a major fracture & hip fracture. Additionally, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network and the National Osteoporosis Foundation have developed osteoporosis guidelines. This study aims to characterize the fracture risk (based on the FRAX tool) and the current management of bone health based on national guidelines compliance. Methods. A retrospective chart review of patients receiving a LHRH agonist at our institution was conducted. Data collection commenced upon Institutional Review Board approval and included demographics, past medical history, medication regimen, history of androgen deprivation therapy, bone health and its management. The ten year fracture risk calculated with the collected information using the FRAX tool. Results. A total of 174 subjects included with a mean age of 65.5 years, 71.8% had stage II prostate cancer, 97.7% received the LHRH agonist leuprolide for a mean of 13.8 ± 18.1 months. In addition to ADT, 57% of patients had ≥ 2 risk factors for developing osteoporosis. The risk of sustaining a major facture increased from 4% to 5.6% after the initiation of ADT (P = <0.001). The risk for sustaining a hip fracture rose from 1.3% to 2.2% (P = <0.001). National guideline compliance was found to be 9%, 5% and 3% respectively for obtaining Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) scans, calcium supplementation, and vitamin D supplementation. Conclusion. In addition to predisposing risk factors for osteoporosis, ADT significantly increases the fracture risk in the prostate cancer population. There is room for improvement in the management of bone health as some intervention could have been made in over 90% of patients evaluated.
Dexamethasone premedication for prophylaxis of taxane toxicities: Can the doses be reduced when paclitaxel or docetaxel are given weekly?
Authors: Schwartz Joanna R 
Published: August 2011

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical literature supporting reduced doses of dexamethasone to prevent taxane hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs), and edema/skin toxicities in respect to docetaxel, when taxanes are given weekly, as opposed to every 3 weeks. Data sources: Clinical literature of human-controlled clinical trials, accessed through MEDLINE and meeting abstract databases (from 1990 to 2010). Data extraction: The retrieved literature was reviewed to include all human clinical trials that recorded adverse effect information with weekly taxanes utilizing reduced-dose or tapering dexamethasone schemas, either prospectively or retrospectively. Data synthesis: Prophylaxis for paclitaxel-related HSRs generally includes one or more 20 mg doses of dexamethasone, with histamine-1 and -2 receptor antagonists prior to infusion of paclitaxel. Prophylaxis for docetaxel-related HSRs generally includes dexamethasone beginning 1 day before docetaxel, and continuing twice daily for a total of 3 days. These schedules were designed for taxanes given every 3 weeks, but may lead to steroid-related adverse effects when given weekly with weekly taxane administration. Treatment strategies designed to reduce corticosteroid exposure in patients receiving weekly taxanes have been investigated. Conclusions: Several predication strategies utilizing reduced doses of dexamethasone with weekly taxanes appear to be feasible and safe, and can be considered for patients experiencing, or at high risk for steroid-induced side effects. However, the optimal schedule is not yet determined; larger prospective clinical trials are needed.
The Reliability and Validity of the English and Spanish Strengths and Weaknesses of ADHD and Normal Behavior Rating Scales in a Preschool Sample
Authors: Lakes Kimberley D. , Swanson James M. , Riggs Matt 
Published: August 2011

Objective: To evaluate the reliability and validity of the English and Spanish versions of the Strengths and Weaknesses of ADHD-symptom and Normal-behavior (SWAN) rating scale. Method: Parents of preschoolers completed both a SWAN and the well-established Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) on two separate occasions over a span of 3 months; instruments were in the primary language of the family (English or Spanish). Results: Psychometric properties for the English and Spanish versions of the SWAN were adequate, with high internal consistency and moderate test–retest reliability. Skewness and kurtosis statistics for the SWAN were within the range expected for a normally distributed population. The SWAN also demonstrated adequate convergent and discriminant validity in correlations with the various subscales of the SDQ. Conclusion: Psychometric properties of both the English and Spanish versions of the SWAN indicate that it is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring child attention and hyperactivity. The stability of ratings over time in this preschool sample was moderate, which may reflect the relative instability of these characteristics in preschool children.
Amnion formation in the mouse embryo: the single amniochorionic fold model
Authors: Pereira Paulo NG , Dobreva Mariya P , Graham Liz , Huylebroeck Danny , Lawson Kirstie A , Zwijsen AN 
Published: August 2011

Abstract

Background
Despite the detailed knowledge obtained over the last decade on the molecular regulation of gastrulation in amniotes, the process of amnion development has been poorly described and illustrated in mice, and conflicting descriptions exist. Understanding the morphogenesis and development not only of the early mouse embryo, but also of its extraembryonic tissues, is crucial for correctly interpreting fate-mapping data and mouse mutants with gastrulation defects. Moreover, the recent isolation from amnion of cells with stem cell features further argues for a better understanding of the process of amnion formation. Here, we revisit the highly dynamic process of amnion formation in the mouse. Amnion development starts early during gastrulation and is intimately related to the formation of the exocoelom and the expansion of the amniotic fold. The authoritative description involves the fusion of two amniotic folds, a big posterior and a smaller anterior fold. We challenged this 'two amniotic folds' model by performing detailed histomorphological analyses of dissected, staged embryos and 3D reconstructions using historical sections.

Results
A posterior fold of extraembryonic ectoderm and associated epiblast is formed early during gastrulation by accumulation of extraembryonic mesoderm posterior to the primitive streak. Previously called the "posterior amniotic fold", we rename it the "amniochorionic fold" (ACF) because it forms both amnion and chorion. Exocoelom formation within the ACF seems not to involve apoptosis within the mesoderm. The ACF and exocoelom expand without disrupting the anterior junction of epiblast, extraembryonic ectoderm and visceral endoderm. No separate anterior fold is formed; its absence was confirmed in 3D reconstructions. Amnion and chorion closure is eccentric, close to the anterior margin of the egg cylinder: we name it the "anterior separation point".

Conclusions
Here, we reconcile previous descriptions of amnion formation and provide new nomenclature, as well as an animation, that clarify and emphasize the arrangement of the tissues that contribute to amnion development and the dynamics of the process. According to our data, the amnion and the chorion are formed by a single amniochorionic fold initiated posteriorly. Finally, we give an overview on mutant mouse models with impaired amnion development.
Post-production protein stability: trouble beyond the cell factory
Authors: Vazquez Esther , Corchero José Luis , Villaverde Antonio 
Published: August 2011

AbstractBeing protein function a conformation-dependent issue, avoiding aggregation during production is a major challenge in biotechnological processes, what is often successfully addressed by convenient upstream, midstream or downstream approaches. Even when obtained in soluble forms, proteins tend to aggregate, especially if stored and manipulated at high concentrations, as is the case of protein drugs for human therapy. Post-production protein aggregation is then a major concern in the pharmaceutical industry, as protein stability, pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, immunogenicity and side effects are largely dependent on the extent of aggregates formation. Apart from acting at the formulation level, the recombinant nature of protein drugs allows intervening at upstream stages through protein engineering, to produce analogue protein versions with higher stability and enhanced therapeutic values.
Data-driven inference for the spatial scan statistic
Authors: Almeida Alexandre CL , Duarte Anderson R , Duczmal Luiz H , Oliveira Fernando LP , Takahashi Ricardo HC 
Published: August 2011

Abstract

Background
Kulldorff's spatial scan statistic for aggregated area maps searches for clusters of cases without specifying their size (number of areas) or geographic location in advance. Their statistical significance is tested while adjusting for the multiple testing inherent in such a procedure. However, as is shown in this work, this adjustment is not done in an even manner for all possible cluster sizes.

Results
A modification is proposed to the usual inference test of the spatial scan statistic, incorporating additional information about the size of the most likely cluster found. A new interpretation of the results of the spatial scan statistic is done, posing a modified inference question: what is the probability that the null hypothesis is rejected for the original observed cases map with a most likely cluster of size k, taking into account only those most likely clusters of size k found under null hypothesis for comparison? This question is especially important when the p-value computed by the usual inference process is near the alpha significance level, regarding the correctness of the decision based in this inference.

Conclusions
A practical procedure is provided to make more accurate inferences about the most likely cluster found by the spatial scan statistic.