bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A multi-view graph contrastive learning framework for deciphering spatially resolved transcriptomics data
Authors: Zhang Lei , Liang Shu , Wan Lin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Spatially resolved transcriptomics data are being used in a revolutionary way to decipher the spatial pattern of gene expression and the spatial architecture of cell types. Much work has been done to exploit the genomic spatial architectures of cells. Such work is based on the common assumption that gene expression profiles of spatially adjacent spots are more similar than those of more distant spots. However, related work might not consider the nonlocal spatial co-expression dependency, which can better characterize the tissue architectures. Therefore, we propose MuCoST, a Multi-view graph Contrastive learning framework for deciphering complex Spatially resolved Transcriptomic architectures with dual scale structural dependency. To achieve this, we employ spot dependency augmentation by fusing gene expression correlation and spatial location proximity, thereby enabling MuCoST to model both nonlocal spatial co-expression dependency and spatially adjacent dependency. We benchmark MuCoST on four datasets, and we compare it with other state-of-the-art spatial domain identification methods. We demonstrate that MuCoST achieves the highest accuracy on spatial domain identification from various datasets. In particular, MuCoST accurately deciphers subtle biological textures and elaborates the variation of spatially functional patterns.
Complementary multi-modality molecular self-supervised learning via non-overlapping masking for property prediction
Authors: Shen Ao , Yuan Mingzhi , Ma Yingfan , Du Jie , Wang Manning 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Self-supervised learning plays an important role in molecular representation learning because labeled molecular data are usually limited in many tasks, such as chemical property prediction and virtual screening. However, most existing molecular pre-training methods focus on one modality of molecular data, and the complementary information of two important modalities, SMILES and graph, is not fully explored. In this study, we propose an effective multi-modality self-supervised learning framework for molecular SMILES and graph. Specifically, SMILES data and graph data are first tokenized so that they can be processed by a unified Transformer-based backbone network, which is trained by a masked reconstruction strategy. In addition, we introduce a specialized non-overlapping masking strategy to encourage fine-grained interaction between these two modalities. Experimental results show that our framework achieves state-of-the-art performance in a series of molecular property prediction tasks, and a detailed ablation study demonstrates efficacy of the multi-modality framework and the masking strategy.
Risk of death, major adverse cardiac events and relapse in patients with bullous pemphigoid treated with systemic or topical corticosteroids
Authors: Kridin Khalaf , Bieber Katja , Vorobyev Artem , Moderegger Eva Lotta , Hernandez Gema , Schmidt Enno , Ludwig Ralf J 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
According to current guidelines, systemic or topical corticosteroids are both recommended as first-line treatments for bullous pemphigoid (BP). There is evidence to suggest that topical application may be associated with a lower risk of mortality. However, there is a lack of comprehensive large-scale data comparing mortality rates, as well as the risk of major adverse cardiac events (MACE), infections and relapse, between systemic and topical corticosteroid treatments.

Objectives
To evaluate the risk of death, MACE, infections and relapse in patients with BP treated with systemic or topical corticosteroids.

Methods
A population-based retrospective cohort study was performed using the TriNetX US Collaborative Network. As a measure against bias, propensity score matching for age, sex, 10 diseases and 6 medications was done, and 3 sensitivity analyses were conducted.

Results
All-time risk of death was increased in US patients with BP exposed to any dose of systemic corticosteroids (n = 2917) vs. patients treated with topical clobetasol propionate [n = 2932; hazard ratio (HR) 1.43, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.28–1.58 (P &lt; 0.001)]. This was consistent in time-stratified analysis (1- and 3-year mortality rates) and in analysis contrasting prednisone (equivalent) doses of 1–10 mg (low) or 30–100 mg (medium–high) systemic corticosteroid to topical treatment. The increased risk of death in US patients with BP exposed to any dose of systemic corticosteroids vs. topical treatment was accompanied by increased risks for MACE (HR 1.33, 95% CI 1.08–1.64; P = 0.008) and infections (HR 1.33, 95% CI 1.15–1.54; P &lt; 0.001). The risk of continued disease or relapse was decreased in patients treated with systemic vs. topical corticosteroids (HR 0.85, 95% CI 0.77–0.94; P = 0.002). Results regarding mortality and continued disease or relapse persisted in three sensitivity analyses. Potential limitations included the retrospective data collection, bias for treatment selection and miscoding.

Conclusions
Pending validation in prospective studies, where feasible – and despite the heightened risk of relapse – topical corticosteroid treatment may be advantageous over systemic corticosteroid treatment owing to its significantly lower risk of death.
THE APPLICABILITY OF THE EUROPEAN HERNIA SOCIETY AND AMERICAN HERNIA SOCIETY GUIDELINES ON ABDOMINAL WOUND CLOSURE IN COLORECTAL AND EMERGENCY SURGERY PATIENTS: A GRANULAR ANALYSIS
Authors: Bellato V , Blackwell S , Elhadi M , Grove T , Massey L , Vieira B , Denys A , Pata F , van Ramshorst G 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Aim
To critically appraise the evidence of the European and American Hernia Society guidelines on abdominal wall closure in colorectal and emergency patients.

Material and Methods
Relevant references addressing key questions (KQ) and recommendations were screened and included if colorectal/emergency surgery was reported. Data extraction was performed with a standardized form and authors were contacted for missing data. Quality and risk of bias were assessed independently by two reviewers.

Results
33 studies were included: 15 systematic reviews and one literature review rated low or critically (AMSTAR 2); 12 randomized controlled trials with mostly moderate or high risk of bias (Cochrane RoB-2 tool); five observational studies of low to very low quality (GRADE) with serious risk of bias (ROBINS-I). 32 studies included colorectal (n = 15,856) and 14 emergency patients (n = 4,582). To answer KQ1 on ‘minimally invasive or open surgery’ and ‘type of incision’ 9/10 studies included colorectal and none emergency patients. 1/4 and 8/9 studies included colorectal/emergency patients for recommendations regarding trocar sites closure (KQ2) and closure after laparotomy (KQ3). For KQ5, regarding the use of mesh, 11/11 studies included colorectal/emergency patients. 3/3 and 1/1 studies included colorectal patients for KQ6 (abdominal binders) and KQ7 (restriction of activity), but none included emergency patients.

Conclusions
Recommendations on KQs 1, 3, 5, 6 and 7 are applicable to colorectal patients, but evidence for KQ 2 is lacking. The recommendations on KQs 1, 2 6 and 7 cannot be extrapolated to emergency patients. Furthermore, this study highlights the lack of other outcomes, important to patients.
LONG TERM RECURRENCE RATES AFTER ELECTIVE VENTRAL, INCISIONAL AND PARASTOMAL HERNIA REPAIRS
Authors: Henriksen N A , Helgstrand F 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Most studies report a one- or two-year recurrence rate, but studies evaluating long-term follow-up are lacking. The aim of this nationwide cohort study was to evaluate the cumulative long-term recurrence rates of umbilical, epigastric, incisional, parastomal, port-site and other ventral hernia repairs over a 15-year period.

Methods
All types of primary elective ventral hernia repairs (umbilical, epigastric, incisional, parastomal, port-site and other ventral hernias) registered in the Danish Hernia Database from 1st of January 2007 until 31st of December 2022 were included. A multivariable Cox regression analysis was performed for evaluation of factors associated with recurrence, and cumulative rate of operation for recurrence was presented in a Kaplan-Meier plot.

Results
After 15 years, operation for recurrence was 10.5% after umbilical, 14.3% after epigastric, 18–20% after incisional and port-site and 40% after parastomal hernia repairs. The rate of recurrence repair continued to rise through the period. Increasing defect size, repair without mesh and reoperation within 90 days were found to be significantly associated with risk of recurrence repair after umbilical, epigastric and incisional hernia repair after adjustment for gender, age and Charlson comorbidity score. For parastomal hernias, the only significant risk factor for recurrence repair was readmission within 90 days.

Conclusion
The recurrence rate keeps on rising, suggesting that following patients for more than a few years is important. Risk of recurrence after parastomal hernia repair Notably, only patients operated for recurrence were included in the current study and the true recurrence rate is likely to be much higher.
RISK OF VENTRAL HERNIAS IN RELATION TO PARITY IN WOMEN, A POPULATION-BASED STUDY
Authors: Katawazai A , Järnbert-Pettersson H , Wallin G , Sandblom G 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Introduction
The influence of pregnancy on the risk of ventral hernia recurrence is not known. This study aims to assess whether the frequency of pregnancies is associated with an elevated risk of developing ventral hernias.

Method
This nationwide study cohort constitutes women borne 1950 – who were registered in the Swedish Birth Register (MBR). Data on pregnancies, distinguishing between vaginal and caesarian sections, were retrieved from the Birth Register. The cohort was cross-matched with the National Patient Register (NPR) to identify subsequent primary hernia repairs.

Results
A total of 1,630,754 women born between 1950 and 1980 were included in the study. Among them, 1,588,609 (92.3%) were registered for at least one birth. The incidence rate for Umbilical Hernia Repair (UHR) and Epigastric Hernia Repair (EHR) was 13.21 per 100,000 person-years and 5.4 per 100,000 person-years, respectively. When compared with women registered for one delivery, the incidence rate ratio for UHR was 1.3 (95% CI: 1.26–1.33, P &lt; 0.001) among those registered for two deliveries and 1.6 (95% CI: 1.58–1.68, P &lt; 0.001) among those registered for ≥3 deliveries.
The incidence rate ratios were 1.29 (95% CI: 1.20–1.39, P &lt; 0.001) and 1.34 (95% CI: 1.24–1.45, P &lt; 0.001) for EHR among women with two and ≥3 registered deliveries, respectively.

Conclusion
A history of more than one pregnancy is associated with an increased incidence of umbilical and epigastric hernias.
CONCOMITANT VERSUS STAGED REPAIR OF VENTRAL HERNIAS DURING BARIATRIC SURGERY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Lyons N , Jones A , Collie B , Delamater J , Shagabayeva L , Cobler-Lichter M , Akintonwa O , Nguyen J , Liang M , Bernardi K 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Obesity is a risk factor for the development of ventral hernias, which are found in about 8% of bariatric surgery candidates. It is controversial as to whether patients should undergo bariatric surgery and ventral hernia repair concomitantly, or in a staged approach. We aimed to determine the ideal approach for bariatric patients with ventral hernias.

Method
A systematic review of the literature was performed using PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library from inception to October 2023. Randomized controlled trials and observational studies comparing concomitant repair (CR) with staged repair (SR) were included. Cumulative analysis was performed with Fischer’s exact test.

Results
A total of 1001 titles were screened. Seven observational studies evaluating 11,906 patients (3,528 CR, 8,378 SR) met inclusion criteria. Mean age was 46 and 76% were female. Mean body mass index at time of bariatric surgery was 47.6, and the average length of follow-up was 28 months. CR had a higher reoperation rate (5.5% vs. 2.5%, p &lt; 0.001) and mortality (0.32% vs. 0.06%, p = 0.001) than SR. However, SR had a higher rate of bowel obstruction (13.5% vs. 1.4%, p &lt; 0.001), and surgical site infection (20.5% vs. 10.0%, p &lt; 0.001). There was no statistical difference in surgical site occurrence (4.9% vs. 4.5%, p = 1) or recurrence rate (12.9% vs. 4.1%, p = 0.052) for SR vs. CR.

Conclusion
The decision of whether to repair ventral hernias concomitantly during bariatric surgery or in a staged approach should be individualized. Randomized controlled trials and more prospective studies are needed before guidelines can be developed.
OPEN VERSUS LAPAROSCOPIC INCISIONAL HERNIA REPAIR FOLLOWING LIVER TRANSPLANTATION: AN UPDATE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Sanha V , Kasakewitch J P G , Lima D L , Nogueira R , Cavazzola L T , Malcher F , Sreeramoju P 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Aim
This study aims to compare the outcomes of open versus laparoscopic repair techniques in patients who have undergone liver transplantation (LT) and subsequently developed incisional hernias (IH). Given the frequent occurrence of IH post-LT and the evolving surgical approaches, this analysis seeks to elucidate the most effective method in terms of complication rates, operation time, and recurrence.

Material and Methods
A comprehensive literature review across databases including PubMed, Cochrane, LILACS, SciELO, and EMBASE was conducted. The review adhered to the Cochrane Collaboration and PRISMA statement guidelines, considering studies that compared open and laparoscopic repair methods for IH post-LT.

Results
After screening 334 studies, six were included. The study encompassed a total of 338 patients, with 32% undergoing laparoscopic repair and 68% receiving open repair. The meta-analysis showed that laparoscopic repair typically required more time, averaging 20.30 minutes longer (CI: 2.14–38.46; P = 0.03). However, when comparing laparoscopic and open repair methods, there were no statistically significant differences in infection rates (OR: 1.12; CI 0.34–3.63; P = 0.85), recurrence rates (OR 0.61; CI 0.28–1.33; P = 0.22), overall surgical complications (OR 0.59; CI 0.31–1.13; P = 0.11), or the length of hospital stay (Mean Difference [MD] -0.67; CI -2.30–0.97; P = 0.42). The quality assessment of the studies indicated a moderate risk of bias.

Conclusion
Open and laparoscopic repair methods for IH post-LT yield comparable postoperative outcomes. The main distinction lies in the longer operation time associated with laparoscopic repair.
INDEPENDENT PATIENT DATA META-ANALYSIS OF PROPHYLACTIC MESH PLACEMENT FOR INCISIONAL HERNIA PREVENTION (AFTER ABDOMINAL AORTIC ANEURYSM SURGERY): A COLLABORATIVE EUROPEAN HERNIA SOCIETY PROJECT (I-PREVENT-AAA)
Authors: van den Berg R , Den Hartog F P J , Bali C , Matsagkas M , Bevis P M , Earnshaw J J , Debus E S , Honig S , Berrevoet F , Detry O , Stabilini C , Muysoms F E , Tanis P J ,   European Hernia Society Prophylactic mesh study group collaborators European Hernia Society Prophylactic mesh study group collaborators:, Diener H , Kölbel T , Reinpold W , Zapf A , Bibiza-Freiwald E , Georvasili V K 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Incisional hernia (IH) is a prevalent and potentially dangerous complication after abdominal surgery, especially in high-risk groups. Prophylactic mesh augmentation (PMA) of the abdominal wall has been studied as a preventive measure for IH-formation, but strong recommendations are lacking. Our primary aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of PMA after open abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA)-surgery for the prevention of IH by performing an individual patient-data meta-analysis (IPDMA). Secondary aims include evaluation of postoperative complications, and identification of subgroups that benefit most from PMA.

Methods
A systematic literature search to identify Randomized-Controlled Trials (RCTs) that compare PMA after open AAA surgery to primary suturing (PS), was conducted. Lead authors of eligible studies were asked to share individual participant-data. A one-stage analysis was performed and Cox-regression analyses were used to assess time-to-event outcomes.

Results
Five RCTs were included in our IPDMA, which resulted in 488 analysed patients. PMA resulted in a Hazard Ratio (HR) of 0.25 (95%CI 0.12–0.50) for the reduction of IH occurrence. No significant differences were present when comparing onlay with sublay mesh (HR 0.56, 95%CI 0.24–1.28). Patients treated with an onlay mesh had significantly more seroma formation in comparison to PS (OR 22.1,95%CI 1.88–259.58) and patients with a sublay mesh had fewer re-operations than those treated with PS (OR 0.47,95%CI 0.43–0.51). Subgroup analyses showed the effectiveness of PMA in various subgroups (e.g., high BMI patients).

Conclusion
PMA after open AAA surgery is an effective measure to reduce IH formation in a wide variety of patients.
LEFT PETIT´S HERNIA IN ANCIENT PATIENT
Authors: Alonso Gómez S , Granados Hernández P , Morante Perea A P , Martinez Cortijo S 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Aim
To describe a step by step open surgical technique of a primary left Petit´s hernia in an elderly patient.

Introduction
Petit's lumbar hernia is a rare defect of the posterior abdominal wall. It appears at the level of the lower lumbar triangle, limited by the iliac crest at the inferior border, the external oblique muscle as the lateral border, and the latissimus dorsi muscle as the medial border.

Methods
We present the case of an 84-year-old woman who consulted for a mass in the left lumbar region. On physical examination, an increase in volume was appreciated in the left lumbar area (theoretical Petit's triangle) that was manually reduced and that protruded with the Valsalva manoeuvre. CT scan showed a defect in the lumbar fascia with protrusion of the left colon through the defect. The hernia sac measured 6 cm, and the maximum hernia defect was 2 cm.

Results
The patient was placed in the prone position. The hernia sac was dissected and reduced. Dissection of the retromuscular and retroperitoneal space was performed in all directions. A heavy-weight mesh was placed in the retroperitoneal space without fixation. After the transversalis closure a second light weight mesh was placed in the retromuscular place fixated with glue, closing the muscle gap on top. The patient was discharged uneventfully on the 2nd postoperative day.

Conclusion
The interest of this video is to present a rare case of Petit´s hernia. The open double mesh approach is effective and good option in case of Petit´s hernia.
BOTULINUM TOXIN AND e-TEP IN EPIGASTRIC M1M2W3 INCISIONAL HERNIA AFTER HEPATIC TRANSPLANT
Authors: Bellido-Luque J , Scammon Duran A , Alpizar-Rivas O , Sanchez Matamoros Marin I , Nogales Muñoz A , Morales-Conde S 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A 73-year-old female with history of diabetes mellitus and hepatic transplant presents with discomfort in a reducible 10 cm M1M2W3 incisional hernia. Botulinum Toxin was injected 4 weeks prior to the surgery in order to achieve the medialization of both rectus muscles without tension avoiding the need to do a posterior component separation.
The patient is operated using a full endoscopic minimally invasive extraperitoneal approach (e-TEP). A 2 cm incision on the left subcostal region is made, exposing and opening the anterior rectal sheath (ARS), medializing the left rectus muscle. A dissection balloon is introduced to release the retromuscular space. Two more trocars are inserted in the left hypochondrium and left iliac fossa (10 mm, 5 mm respectively). We then proceed to incise the medial aspect of the left posterior rectus sheath (PRS) and start the preperitoneal dissection doing the crossover above the umbilicus. Cranially, we carefully section the adhesions of the old laparotomy to connect the preperitoneal space with the retrodiaphragm space bilaterally to not only correct the defect but to also enforce the laparotomy scar. The hernia is then reduced and the defect is closed with a barbed suture. A wide pore PPL mesh is inserted, covering both retrodiaphragm and preperitoneal spaces. The mesh is fixated. A drainage is placed and removed 24 h after surgery. The patient is discharged 24 h after without complications. In the CT scan 6 months after surgery the correction of the defect was confirmed and pain and aesthetic results where satisfactory.
INTERCOSTAL POST-TRAUMATIC HERNIA
Authors: Gené C , Clavell A , Castellví A , Martínez C , Rodriguez R , Horneros J , Torres A 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Intercostal posttraumatic hernias are very rare but clinically significant conditions that occur as a result of blunt or penetrating chest trauma.

Methods
A 66-year-old female with a history of high energetic trauma and consequent 8th and 9th right rib fractures presented several months later with a progressive onset of right side swelling. The CT scan revealed an intercostal hernia between the 8th and 9th right ribs, containing small bowel loops and right colon.
A month prior to surgery 300 IU of Botox® was injected bilaterally in between the lateral muscles of the abdominal wall. A combined thoracic and abdominal open repair approach was performed. An anterior disruption of the diaphragm was appreciated, which led to the presence of abdominal contents in the pleural cavity. The repair combined the placement of a P4HB mesh with a PP mesh in the retromuscular space. Then, the diaphragm was sutured using reinforced teflon pledgets, polypropylene single stitches and a second P4HB mesh was placed on top of it. Finally, the 8th and 9th ribs were reapproximated using non-absorbable sutures.

Results
The postoperative period was uneventful, and no recurrence occurred during the first 6-months of follow-up.

Conclusions
Managing intercostal hernias resulting from traumatic accidents, can be challenging, especially when anatomical distortions are involved. This case highlights the importance of tailored surgical approaches for addressing intercostal hernias with a meticulous dissection to allow proper identification of the structures involved in the hernia repair.