bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A multiproxy record of late Holocene natural and anthropogenic environmental change from the Sphagnum peat bog Dürres Maar, Germany: implications for quantitative climate reconstructions based on pollen
Authors: Kühl Norbert , Moschen Robert , Wagner Stefanie , Brewer Simon , Peyron Odile 
Published: November 2009

AbstractPollen data are well established for quantitative climate reconstructions over long timescales, including the Holocene and older interglacials. However, anthropogenically induced environmental change in central Europe was strong during the last 4 ka, challenging quantitative reconstructions of this time period. Here we present quantitative climate reconstructions based on pollen analyses and evaluate them with the peat humification record and the stable carbon isotopes of Sphagnum plant material (δ13Ccellulose). All analyses were carried out on the same 7.5 m long, largely ombrotrophic peat bog section from Dürres Maar. Three different methods were used for the quantitative climate reconstructions on the basis of the pollen data: (1) a probabilistic indicator taxa approach (the ‘pdf method’); (2) a modern analogue technique based on pollen taxa from modern surface samples (cMAT); and (3) a modern analogue technique expanded by plant functional types (pMAT). At Dürres Maar the peat humification is only affected by peat cutting during the Roman period and the Middle Ages. The stable carbon isotopes are seemingly unaffected by human impact. Thus both proxies provide independent data to evaluate the reconstructions on the basis of pollen data. The quantitative climate reconstructions on the basis of the individual methods are in general relatively similar. Nevertheless, distinct differences between the individual approaches are also apparent, which could be attributed to taxa that reflect human impact on a local to regional scale. While the pdf method appears to be relatively robust to all observed anthropogenically induced vegetation changes, it potentially underestimates climate variability. This method is therefore expected to be independent of local site characteristics and to provide robust quantitative estimates of climatic trends rather than of climatic variability of small amplitude. This is of value for palaeoclimate reconstructions of older interglacials, for which neither multiple sites nor independent climate proxies are available for comparison. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Preparative isolation of neomangiferin and mangiferin from Rhizoma anemarrhenae by high‐speed countercurrent chromatography using ionic liquids as a two‐phase solvent system modifier
Authors: Xu Lili , Li Aifeng , Sun Ailing , Liu Renmin 
Published: November 2009

AbstractA preparative high‐speed countercurrent chromatography method for isolation and purification of neomangiferin and mangiferin from Rhizoma anemarrhenae was successfully established by using ionic liquids as the modifier of the two‐phase solvent system. Neomangiferin and mangiferin were purified from the crude extract of R. anemarrhenae by using ethyl acetate‐water‐[C4mim][PF6] (5:5:0.2 v/v) as two‐phase solvent system. In total, 22.5 mg of neomangiferin and 70.6 mg of mangiferin were obtained from 150 mg of the crude extract. The purities of neomangiferin and mangiferin were 97.2 and 98.1%, respectively, as determined by HPLC. The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were identified by 1H‐NMR and 13C‐NMR.
Albumin‐bound low molecular weight thiols analysis in plasma and carotid plaques by CE
Authors: Zinellu Angelo , Lepedda Antonio , Sotgia Salvatore , Zinellu Elisabetta , Marongiu Giommaria , Usai Maria Franca , Gaspa Leonardo , De Muro Pierina , Formato Marilena , Deiana Luca , Carru Ciriaco 
Published: November 2009

AbstractWe describe a new method for the quantification of low molecular weight thiols, as homocysteine, cysteine, cysteinylglycine, glutamylcysteine and glutathione bound to human plasma albumin. After albumin isolation and purification by SDS‐PAGE, thiols were freed from protein with tri‐n‐butylphosphine and successively derivatized with 5‐iodoacetamidofluorescein. Samples were then injected and quantified in about 18 min by CE with laser induced fluorescence detection. Precision tests indicate a good repeatability of the method both for migration times (RSD<0.63%) and areas (RSD<2.98%). The method allows to measure all five low molecular weight thiols released from just 3 μg of albumin thus improving the other described methods in which only three or four thiols were detected. Due to the elevated sensitivity (LOD of 0.3 pM for all thiols), also low molecular weight thiols bound to albumin filtered in tissues could be quantified.
Low‐dose weekly platinum‐based chemoradiation for advanced head and neck cancer
Authors: Watkins John M. , Zauls A. Jason , Wahlquist Amy H. , Shirai Keisuke , Garrett‐Mayer Elizabeth , Gillespie M. Boyd , Day Terry A. , Sharma Anand K. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:The optimal concurrent chemoradiotherapy regimen for definitive treatment of locoregionally advanced head and neck cancer remains to be determined. The present investigation reports toxicities, disease control, patterns of failure, and survival outcomes in a large mature cohort of patients treated with low‐dose weekly platinum‐based concurrent chemoradiotherapy.Study Design:Retrospective single‐institution series.Methods:Toxicity and outcome data for locoregionally advanced head and neck cancer patients treated with low‐dose weekly platinum‐based chemotherapy concurrent with standard fractionation radiotherapy were retrospectively collected and analyzed from a clinical database. Survival analysis methods, including Kaplan‐Meier estimation and competing risks analysis, were used to assess locoregional disease control, freedom from failure, and overall survival.Results:Ninety‐six patients were eligible for the present analysis. Nearly all patients had American Joint Committee on Cancer clinical stage III to IVB disease (99%). Severe acute toxicities included grade 3 mucositis (61%), grade 3/4 nausea (27%/1%), and grade 3 neutropenia (8%). Thirty‐seven patients (38%) required hospitalization for a median of 7 days (range, 1–121). Ninety‐two percent of patients completed the fully prescribed course of radiotherapy, and 87% completed ≥6 cycles of chemotherapy. At a median survivor follow‐up of 40 months (range, 8–68), 47% of patients were without evidence of disease recurrence. The estimated 4‐year freedom from failure and overall survival were 48% and 58%, respectively. Initial site(s) of disease failure were locoregional for 22 patients, locoregional and distant (five patients), and distant only (14 patients).Conclusions:Weekly low‐dose platinum‐based chemotherapy with full‐dose daily radiotherapy is a tolerable alternative regimen for locoregionally advanced head and neck cancers, with comparable efficacy and patterns of failure to alternative regimens. Laryngoscope, 2010
Two new approaches in intrauterine tracheal occlusion using an ultrathin fetoscope
Authors: Tchirikov Michael , Gatopoulos Georgios , Strohner Miriam , Puhl Alexander , Steetskamp Joscha 
Published: November 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To introduce and establish a new approach in minimal invasive fetoscopic surgery in order to reduce access trauma and the iatrogenic preterm premature rupture of the membranes (PPROM) as a major complication of intrauterine treatment of congenital diaphragmatic hernia.Methods:In total, 27 pregnant sheep were operated on using fetoscopes with 1.2 and 1.0 mm optics. We used an elliptic sheath alone with a maximum diameter of 2.6/1.3 mm; in these cases the balloon was placed under ultrasound control. In comparison, we placed the balloon under fetoscopic control using the fetoscopic sheath and a 7F (2.3 mm) introducer. Therefore, the maximum access trauma was not bigger than the diameter of sheath of introducer.Results:With this technique we successfully operated on 22 sheep. The use of real time three‐dimensional ultrasound control distinctly facilitates the operation procedure.Conclusions:Our preliminary findings show that fetoscopic tracheal occlusion using ultrathin fetoscopes and reducing the access trauma on the level of 4.2 or even 2.65 mm2 could be seen as a method of reducing the rate of PPROM. Laryngoscope, 2010
Anxious and depressive symptoms in Parkinson's disease: The French cross‐sectionnal DoPaMiP study
Authors: Nègre‐Pagès Laurence , Grandjean Hélène , Lapeyre‐Mestre Maryse , Montastruc Jean Louis , Fourrier Annie , Lépine Jean Pierre , Rascol Oliver ,   on behalf of the DoPaMiP Study Group
Published: November 2009

AbstractAnxiety has been less extensively studied than depression in Parkinson's disease (PD). The DoPaMiP survey allowed assessing simultaneously anxiety and depressive symptoms in PD and comparing correlations of both symptoms with clinical and therapeutic features of the disease. Cross sectional survey conducted prospectively in 450 ambulatory nondemented PD patients and 98 patients with other disorders than PD. Anxiety and depressive symptoms were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), parkinsonism using the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS). Other clinical factors were measured using a structured standardized examination/questionnaire. The mean HADS‐A (anxiety) subscore was higher in PD patients than in the others (8.2 ± 3.9 vs. 6.5 ± 3.2, P < 10−4) as was the HADS‐D (depressive) subscore (6.6 ± 3.8 vs. 3.9 ± 3.2, P < 10−4). Patients with possible/probable anxious signs (HADS‐A ≥ 8) were more prevalent in PD (51% vs. 29%, P < 10−4) as were those with depressive symptoms (40% vs. 10%, P < 10−4). Conversely, anxiolytic and antidepressant medications consumption was not different between the 2 groups. Patients with anxious symptoms were more frequently female and younger than those without such symptoms, while those with depressive symptoms had more severe indices of parkinsonism, more comorbidities and lower cognitive function (Mini Mental State Exam). The logistic regression model revealed that patients with depressive symptoms received more frequently levodopa and less frequently a dopamine agonist. Anxiety and depressive symptoms were more frequent in PD patients than in medical control group. Both symptoms were commonly associated in the same PD patients, but were correlated with different clinical/therapeutic features, suggesting different underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society
Globally optimal, minimum stored energy, double‐doughnut superconducting magnets
Authors: Tieng Quang M. , Vegh Viktor , Brereton Ian M. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe use of the minimum stored energy current density map–based methodology of designing closed‐bore symmetric superconducting magnets was described recently. The technique is further developed to cater for the design of interventional‐type MRI systems, and in particular open symmetric magnets of the double‐doughnut configuration. This extends the work to multiple magnet domain configurations. The use of double‐doughnut magnets in MRI scanners has previously been hindered by the ability to deliver strong magnetic fields over a sufficiently large volume appropriate for imaging, essentially limiting spatial resolution, signal‐to‐noise ratio, and field of view. The requirement of dedicated interventional space restricts the manner in which the coils can be arranged and placed. The minimum stored energy optimal coil arrangement ensures that the field strength is maximized over a specific region of imaging. The design method yields open, dual‐domain magnets capable of delivering greater field strengths than those used prior to this work, and at the same time it provides an increase in the field‐of‐view volume. Simulation results are provided for 1‐T double‐doughnut magnets with at least a 50‐cm 1‐ppm (parts per million) field of view and 0.7‐m gap between the two doughnuts. Magn Reson Med, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A novel photobleachable polysilane copolymer for optical waveguide fabrication
Authors: He Lei , Chen Baoxue , Iso Mamoru 
Published: November 2009

AbstractPoly(methylphenylsilane)‐poly(benzylmethacrylate) (PMPS‐PBzMA) block copolymer was prepared by photopolymerization of benzylmethacrylate (BzMA) monomer using PMPS as a macromolecular photo‐radical initiator. Its application as a photobleachable polymer material for optical waveguide fabrication was investigated. By changing weight ratios of BzMA to PMPS during polymerization, the obtained PMPS‐PBzMA showed different photo‐induced refractive changes. PMPS‐PBzMA proved to have good photosensitivity, optical properties, and thermal stability. A multimode PMPS‐PBzMA optical waveguide was achieved, with a propagation loss of 1.0 dB/cm at 1310 nm. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Adaptation ofCorynebacterium glutamicumto salt‐stress conditions
Authors: Fränzel Benjamin , Trötschel Christian , Rückert Christian , Kalinowski Jörn , Poetsch Ansgar , Wolters Dirk Andreas 
Published: November 2009

AbstractCorynebacterium glutamicumis one of the biotechnologically most important microorganisms because of its ability to enrich amino acids extracellularly. Hence,C. glutamicumrequires effective adaptation strategies against both hypo‐ and hyperosmotic stress. We give a comprehensive and coherent outline about the quantitative dynamics ofC. glutamicumduring adaptation to hyperosmotic stress at the transcript and protein levels. The osmolyte carrier ProP, playing a pivotal role in hyperosmotic stress defence, exhibits the strongest up‐regulation of all proteins. A conspicuously regulated group comprises proteins involved in lipid biosynthesis of the cell envelope. This is in accordance with our observation of a more viscous and stickier cell envelope, which is supported by the findings of an altered lipid composition. Together with our results, showing that several transporters were down‐regulated, this membrane adaptation appears to be one ofC. glutamicum'smajor protection strategies against hyperosmotic stress. In addition, we demonstrate that no oxidative stress and no iron limitation occur during salt stress contrary to former postulations. Ultimately, it is remarkable that various proteins with divergent mRNA‐protein dynamics and regulation have been observed. This leads to the assumption that there are still unknown mechanisms in between the bacterial transcription, translation and post‐translation and that these are waiting to be unravelled.
Emerging applications of fluorescent nanocrystals quantum dots for micrometastases detection
Authors: Mahmoud Wael , Sukhanova Alyona , Oleinikov Vladimir , Rakovich Yury P. , Donegan John F. , Pluot Michel , Cohen Jacques H. M. , Volkov Yuri , Nabiev Igor 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe occurrence of metastases is one of the main causes of death in many cancers and the main cause of death for breast cancer patients. Micrometastases of disseminated tumour cells and circulating tumour cells are present in more than 30% of breast cancer patients without any clinical or even histopathological signs of metastasis. Low abundance of these cell types in clinical diagnostic material dictates the necessity of their enrichment prior to reliable detection. Current micrometastases detection techniques are based on immunocytochemical and molecular methods suffering from low efficiency of tumour cells enrichment and observer‐dependent interpretation. The use of highly fluorescent semiconductor nanocrystals, also known as “quantum dots” and nanocrystal‐encoded microbeads tagged with a wide panel of antibodies against specific tumour markers offers unique possibilities for ultra‐sensitive micrometastases detection in patients' serum and tissues. The nanoparticle‐based diagnostics provides an opportunity for highly sensitive parallel quantification of specific proteins in a rapid and low‐cost method, thereby providing a link between the primary tumour and the micrometastases for early diagnosis.
Ethmoid mucocele: A new feature of primary ciliary dyskinesia
Authors: Berlucchi Marco , Maroldi Roberto , Aga Alfred , Grazzani Livia , Padoan Rita 
Published: December 2009

AbstractPrimary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare congenital autosomal recessive disease that produces impairment of mucosal ciliary movement. Children with this disorder usually manifest recurrent and chronic infections of the upper and lower airways. We describe the history of a 12‐month‐old boy in whom the correct diagnosis of PCD was achieved after the occurrence of ethmoid mucocele associated with omolateral proptosis. A careful description of this new feature of PCD and its dangerous complications are also presented. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2010; 45:197–201. ©2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Metabolic enzyme(s) confer imidacloprid resistance in a clone of Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) from Greece
Authors: Philippou Despina , Field Linda , Moores Graham 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: Previous studies have reported varying levels of resistance against imidacloprid in several insect species, including populations of the peach‐potato aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer). These cases of resistance have been attributed to either target‐site resistance or enhanced detoxification. In this study, a clone of M. persicae originating from Greece revealed a 60‐fold resistance factor to imidacloprid.RESULTS: The Greek clone is compared in terms of metabolic enzyme activity and synergism profiles with other M. persicae clones showing lower imidacloprid resistance.CONCLUSION: A combination of in vitro biochemical assays and in vivo differential synergism studies using PBO and a close analogue EN 16/5‐1 suggests that the mechanism conferring increased resistance in this clone is primarily due to enhanced oxidase activity. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Reduced‐order observer‐based output‐feedback tracking control of nonlinear systems with state delay and disturbance
Authors: Zhang Zhengqiang , Xu Shengyuan , Shen Hao 
Published: November 2009

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate the problem of output‐feedback tracking control for a class of nonlinear SISO systems in the strick‐feedback form, which are subject to both uncertain delay‐related functions and disturbances. A reduced‐order observer is first introduced to provide the estimates of the unmeasured states. Then, an output‐feedback controller is recursively designed based on the backsteppng method. By constructing an appropriate Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional, we prove that all the signals in the closed‐loop system are bounded. The tracking performance is guaranteed by suitably choosing the design parameters. Finally, a simulation example is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control algorithm. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Environmental performance and compliance costs for industrial wastewater treatment – an international comparison
Authors: Salomaa Eila , Watkins Gary 
Published: November 2009

AbstractInvestment in environmental protection, in connection with all productive investments in industrial processes and plants, is obligatory and routine in industrialized and high‐income countries. The quality of the environmental regulatory system, including regulatory stringency, has been found to have a connection with national wealth.In this study, the relationships between environmental performance, the cost of environmental protection and the wealth of nations are examined by using international statistics on industry, economics and the environment. Environmental performance is studied using data on emissions of organic water pollutants resulting from industrial activities as well as the investments and current expenditure on wastewater management in selected countries. Variations in environmental performance discovered among countries are both absolute and relative with respect to the level of expected BOD intensity based on the wealth of these countries. The costs of wastewater management to Finnish industry are presented. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Implementing sustainable development in the construction industry: constructors' perspectives in the US and Korea
Authors: Son Hyojoo , Kim Changwan , Chong Wai Kiong , Chou Jui‐Sheng 
Published: November 2009

AbstractConcern about the devastating impacts of on‐site construction processes on the environment (e.g., consumption of energy and materials, generation of waste and dust, and pollution of air and water) has led to a heightened awareness of the need for sustainable construction practices. Constructors in the construction industry in the US and Korea were surveyed on their level of awareness of sustainable construction measures that could be implemented during the actual construction phase, and on their level of preparedness to implement such measures. The results of the survey indicate a fairly high level of awareness of and preparedness for sustainable construction and a positive outlook for the future of sustainable construction in both countries. The results of this study indicate that constructors should have more responsibilities and get involved at an earlier stage of a construction project – during the design phase – in order to exploit their knowledge. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Re‐Evaluation of Histopathological Factors Affecting Prognosis of Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma in an Iodine‐Sufficient Country
Authors: Sugitani Iwao , Toda Kazuhisa , Yamamoto Noriko , Sakamoto Atsuhiko , Fujimoto Yoshihide 
Published: November 2009

AbstractBackgroundPoorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC) was recognized as an independent clinicohistological entity of thyroid cancer in the 2004 World Health Organization (WHO) classifications, separated from papillary (PTC) and follicular carcinoma (FTC). The Turin proposal provides more specific criteria for the diagnosis of PDTC. However, in an iodine‐sufficient country such as Japan, PDTC comprises <1% of all thyroid cancers. In 1983, Sakamoto analyzed pathological characteristics of PTC and FTC that recurred within 5 years after initial surgery and identified solid, trabecular, insular (STI) and scirrhous growth patterns as important predictors of poor prognosis. We re‐evaluated the impact of histopathological findings on the clinical course of PTC and FTC.Materials and methodsSpecimens from 376 consecutive cases diagnosed as PTC (n = 351) or FTC (n = 25) between 1994 and 2001 were reviewed.ResultsNine (2%) patients were diagnosed with PDTC according to WHO criteria. Only 1 case (0.3%) met the Turin criteria. In addition, STI components were seen in various specimens as follows: ≥50%, ≥10% but <50%, >0% but <10%, and 0% of specimens for 9 (2%), 31 (8%), 19 (5%), and 317 cases (85%), respectively. As for cause‐specific survival, a significant difference was apparent between the ≥50% and ≥10% but <50% groups. Disease‐free survival was identical between these groups and was significantly worse than in the >0% but <10% and 0% groups. According to multivariate analysis, histological features of STI ≥10% and squamous metaplasia were significantly related to cause‐specific survival, but scirrhous infiltration, necrosis, nuclear atypia, and vascular invasion were not. The presence of STI at a level ≥10% was also a significant risk factor, together with clinical risk factors including large tumor size, large nodal metastasis, and distant metastasis. According to AMES risk‐group definition, clinically high‐risk patients with STI ≥10% showed the worst 10‐year cause‐specific survival, at 57%, irrespective of total thyroidectomy with radioactive iodine (RAI) treatment. Ten of 25 PTC patients (40%) with STI ≥10% developed cervical recurrence, whereas 9 of 15 FTC patients (60%) with STI ≥10% showed distant metastasis.ConclusionsThe measurement of STI ≥10% represents a distinctly important risk factor for patient survival. In particular, clinically high‐risk patients with STI ≥10% need further therapy beyond RAI. Original histological pattern, as papillary or follicular, affects the site of recurrence.