bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Indian Ocean Gas Study
Authors: Chen Chen‐Tung , Poisson Alain 
Published: October 2011

In July 1984, a joint French‐U.S. team of scientists embarked on the first in a series of research cruises in the southwest Indian Ocean aboard the research/supply vessel Marion Dufresne, which is operated by Terres Australes et Antarctiques Francaises (TAAF). This monthlong cruise marked the debut of a multiyear program aimed at delineating the distribution of anthropogenic CO2 in the Indian Ocean.Deep waters from the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian oceans move to the southern ocean and mix there. The resultant relatively homogeneous water becomes the major source of the Antarctic bottom water, which spreads back out into the deep world oceans. Consequently, the chemistry of southern ocean water is a baseline for the deep world oceans. Therefore the carbonate chemistry of the southern ocean water must be learned in order to understand the biogeochemical cycle of carbon from the global point of view. Unfortunately, only a few high‐precision carbonate sampling programs have been conducted in the Indian Ocean section of the southern ocean (we know of only seven such stations south of 30°S). As a result, it is difficult to interpret variations in the carbonate chemistry or to calculate anthropogenic CO2 in the Indian Ocean because we do not know the characteristic properties of the water near its origin. Furthermore, the scant data in the southern Indian Ocean were all collected in the summer, and it is uncertain whether the summer data are representative of the mainly winter‐formed deep waters.
Epeirogenic uplift discussed at meeting
Authors: Katzoff Judith A. 
Published: October 2011

A surprisingly large region of the western United States, far from the edges of the continent, has been uplifted by 2 km or more sometime since the Cenomanian stage of the Cretaceous period, nearly 100 million years ago, according to a paper presented at the 1985 AGU Fall Meeting by Dork Sahagian of the University of Chicago. In fact, most of this epeirogenic uplift may well have occurred in the last 5–15 million years.Epeirogenic motions are predominantly vertical movements that produce broad features of continents and oceans (for example, plateaus and basins). Epeirogeny is usually contrasted with orogeny, the more localized and generally horizontal processes involved in the formation of mountain chains near plate margins. Since the advent of plate tectonic theory, horizontal motions have received more attention than have vertical motions like those studied by Sahagian, according to Bradford Hager of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, who served as tectonophysics program cochairman for the Fall Meeting.
Acid rain report released
Authors: Katzoff Judith A. 
Published: October 2011

A joint report issued January 8, 1986, by special envoys from the United States and Canada recommends that the United States implement a 5‐year, $5‐billion commercial demonstration program for technologies to control emissions from the burning of coal. The recommendations call for government and industry to share the costs of the proposed program.The report was issued by Drew Lewis, former U.S. Secretary of Transportation, and William Davis, former Premier of Ontario, at the request of U.S. President Ronald Reagan and Canadian Prime Minister Brian Mulroney after a summit conference between the two leaders in March 1985. Discussion of the report is on the agenda for a second meeting this coming March. Reagan has said he will review the report but has not committed himself to endorse its recommendations.
Reflections on an AGU Congressional Science Fellowship
Authors: Fellows Jack D. 
Published: October 2011

In spring 1983, prior to my fellowship year, I was finishing my National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)—sponsored doctoral dissertation in hydrology at the University of Maryland. Currently, I am involved in the final budget deliberations for our nation's 1987 civilian space program in the Executive Office of the President (EOP). With this transformation in mind, I think it is fair to say that my 1983–1984 AGU Congressional Science Fellowship has had a tremendous influence on my career.During my fellowship in Congress, I worked with Rep. George E. Brown (D‐Calif.) on water, remote sensing, space, and general science budgets and issues. I was involved in several pieces of legislation that are currently being implemented. It was through my responsibility for analysis of NASA programs and budget that I began to understand the complexity of the budget process and the development of our nation's civilian space policy. I found it very satisfying to learn about space programs beyond my own field of satellite‐based hydrology.
New law to cut 1986 budgets
Authors: Katzoff Judith A. 
Published: October 2011

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the National Science Foundation (NSF), and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) are among the agencies whose budgets are likely to be cut 4.3% on March 1, 1986, when the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 makes its first impact.Under the law, the cuts will be implemented across the board by an order from the president. Unless Congress passes legislation to make its own cuts sometime between now and March 1, these cuts will automatically take an equal percentage from every nondefense program, project, and activity not protected from “sequestration” of funds and will automatically take a slightly higher percentage from the unprotected portions of the defense budget. Individual agencies could circumvent the across‐the‐board cuts by formulating their own plans to distribute their share of the reductions; however, these plans would need congressional approval. These cuts will affect budgets for the federal government in fiscal year (FY) 1986, which began on October 1, 1985. Unless revenues increase substantially, additional and mone severe belt‐tightening is in store for FY 1987 and beyond.
AGU members win Fulbrights
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Six AGU members have been awarded Fulbright grants to lecture or conduct research abroad during the current (1985–1986) academic year, according to the Council for International Exchange of Scholars, which helps to administer the Fulbright Scholar Program.James R. Barcus, a professor of physics at the University of Denver, is lecturing and doing research in thunderstorm coupling in global electricity at Catholic University in Lima, Peru, from January through June 1986.
1985 VGP Awards
Authors: Carmichael I. S. E. , Hildreth Wes , Peterson Donald W. , Fisher Richard , Schmincke Hans‐Ulrich 
Published: October 2011

We are here to acknowledge Wes Hildreth's researches on silicic magmatism. His celebrated account of the Bishop Tuff, now eponymous, is the most extensively analyzed and influential rock mass since the Skaergaard intrusion and, for its detail and significance, has become the yardstick of silicic petrology; yet his study is less than 7 years old.Edward Wesley Hildreth III was born in 1938, and as the English would say, attended Harvard College in 1956. In 1961, he graduated cum laude with a major in geology, a minor in government, and a travelling scholarship to see the world. For the next 10 years he did so and became a naturalist in the U.S. National Park Service, with periods in Death Valley and in the Olympics. His “Death Valley Days” were to return, forthrough his love of the Panamint Ranges he met Mitch Reynolds, then an assistant professor at [the University of California] Berkeley, and in 1971 he arrived in Berkeley as a new graduate student, anxious and impatient to unravel the structure of the Panamints.
FY 1987 Federal Budget Proposal: Mixed outlook for geophysics
Authors: Katzoff Judith A. 
Published: October 2011

A new emphasis on “global geosciences” and a new start for the Ocean Topography Experiment (TOPEX) were among the highlights for geophysics in the federal budget for fiscal year (FY) 1987 that the Reagan administration submitted to Congress on February 5, 1986. Budget increases planned for the National Science Foundation (NSF) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), however, contrasted with cuts planned for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS).Under the proposed budget, funding for research and development (R&D) would increase significantly in FY 1987, rising 16.9% over the funding that will remain in the FY 1986 budget after March 1, 1986. On that date, cuts in the FY 1986 budget will take effect under the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985, better known as Gramm‐Rudman‐Hollings (Eos, January 28, 1986, p. 41). Although that law was recently found unconstitutional by a special federal judicial panel, their ruling will not go into effect unless and until it is upheld by the Supreme Court, so the March 1 cuts are expected to go forward as planned. (If the Supreme Court hears the appeal, they will probably rule before early July, according to The Washington Post.) Under Gramm‐Rudman‐Hollings, the FY 1986 budgets of non‐defense programs not protected in the law's provisions will be cut by 4.3%. Unprotected defense programs will be cut by close to 5%.
AGU elects 1986 Fellows
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Eighteen distinguished scientists have been elected Fellows of AGU. The total number of Fellows elected each year may not exceed 0.1% of the total membership at the time of election.The newly elected Fellows are

John D. Bossier, Office of Charting and Geodetic Services, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Rockville, Md.
Ian S. Carmichael, Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of California, Berkeley.
Paul J. Crutzen, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Federal Republic of Germany.
Dieter H. Ehhalt, Institute of Atmospheric Chemistry, Jülich, and Department of Geophysics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Federal Republic of Germany.
Thomas C. Hanks, U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, Calif.
C. G. A. Harrison, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, Fla.
Stanley R. Hart, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Mass.
Charles W. Howe, Department of Economics, University of Colorado, Boulder.
Charlotte E. Keen, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada.
T. J. Kukkamäki, Finnish Geodetic Institute, Helsinki.
Ronald T. Merrill, Geophysics Program, University of Washington, Seattle.
Pearn P. Niiler, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, Calif.
Mervyn S. Paterson, Research School of Earth Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra.
Joseph Pedlosky, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Mass.
W. R. Peltier, Department of Physics, University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada.
Raymond G. Roble, Solar Variability Section, High‐Altitude Observatory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colo.
David J. Stevenson, Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena.
David A. Woolhiser, Southwest Watershed Research Center, Tucson, Ariz.
Ocean Telemetry Workshop
Authors: Brooks David A. 
Published: October 2011

An informal workshop on ocean telemetry and platform location was held on January 15, 1986, during the AGU Ocean Sciences Meeting in New Orleans, La. Plans for the workshop grew from the realization that present methods of data transmission and platform location may be inadequate for projected needs. The objectives of the workshop were to

identify present and promising methods of ocean telemetry and platform location,
estimate needs for these capabilities during the next decade, and
identify a few promising methods for focused development.
As a starting point, it was recognized that large ocean experiments with decadal time scales and global space scales have much to gain from telemetry. The principal scientific advantages are quasi‐real‐time data recovery, insurance against premature failures, adaptive control of instrument functions, expendability of instruments, and the potential for rapid data assimilation by models and distribution of data to users. Only in limited cases have these advantages been exploited even partially.
January streamflow
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

January flows were average to well above average for about 75% of the nation's key index streams, but many flows had dropped sharply from the extremely wet conditions in December, according to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). USGS hydrologists said that record high flows for January were set at four stream sites in Wisconsin, Utah, Minnesota, and Alaska.Of the 174 key index stream‐gaging stations across the country, 31% (54 stations) reported well above average flows, 44% (76 stations) reported average flows, and 25% (44 stations) reported well below average flows. In both November and December, flows were average to well‐above average at about 90% of the same index stations.
Anderson voted president‐elect
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Don L. Anderson, director of the Seismological Laboratory and professor of geophysics at the California Institute of Technology was chosen AGU President‐Elect, according to a report from the AGU Tellers Committee on the recent elections.The Tellers Committee report will be formally presented to the AGU Council at the Spring Meeting in Baltimore on May 20, 1986.
Geomagnetic Pulsations Workshop
Authors: Carrion Philip 
Published: October 2011

On October 17–18, 1985, a 2‐day workshop on hydromagnetic waves in the earth's magnetospheric plasma was held at Columbia University, New York, N.Y. The workshop was sponsored by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research and by Columbia University. Some 40 scientists attended. They discussed the following topics:

generation of hydromagnetic waves in the frequency range of geomagnetic pulsations,
Alfven resonances in the earth's magnetosphere,
effects of the ionosphere on geomagnetic pulsations,and
spacecraft and ground observations of geomagnetic pulsations in high latitudes (considerable attention was devoted to day cusps pulsations).
Flooding outlook: “Year of the Lakes”
Authors: Katzoff Judith A. 
Published: October 2011

Melting snow is likely to cause major flooding in all of the Great Lakes except Lake Ontario and in the Great Salt Lake this spring, the National Weather Service (NWS) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) announced last week. “To some degree, this is the year of the lakes,” said Michael D. Hudlow, director of the NWS Office of Hydrology, at a press briefing on March 10, 1986.Hudlow said that minor to moderate flooding also can be expected in many areas throughout the north central United States, from the Appalachian Mountains to the Rockies (Figure 1). Also, the following river basins are likely to have moderate to major flooding: Wind River and Sweet River (Wyo.), North Platte River (Wyo., Colo., and Nebr.), Boulder, Big Thompson, and Cache La Poudre creeks (Colo.), Moueau River (S. Dak.), and Big Sioux River (Iowa, S. Dak., and Minn.).
An Introduction to Geophysical Exploration
Authors: Keller George V. 
Published: October 2011

An introduction to geophysical exploration is very difficult to write for several reasons. Geophysical exploration is the application of the principles of physics to the location of useful materials in the earth, and thus it must address most of the topics in fundamental physics as well as many of the topics in geology. Moreover, in recent years there has been a rapid increase in the use of the new numerical techniques of applied mathematics. A comprehensive coverage of the principles of geology, mathematics, and physics would be very difficult to assemble at the introductory level.An Introduction to Geophysical Exploration, written by P. Kearny and N. Brooks, attempts to accomplish the task in a total of 282 pages, organized in 10 chapters. The first (quite short) chapter is a definition of the philosophy of geophysical exploration. Because of its brevity and its inclusion ahead of the substantive material of the text, it is not particularly useful.
Proceedings of the Fourth Symposium on the Antarctic Geosciences, 1983
Authors: Foure Gunter 
Published: October 2011

This slim volume contains 20 scientific papers of varying length and seven abstracts by Japanese earth scientists who do their research in Antarctica. The subject matter is about equally divided between geophysics (eight papers and two abstracts), geochemistry and isotope geology (six papers and four abstracts), and geology‐petrology (six papers and one abstract).Most of the work was carried out in East Antarctica in the vicinity of Lützow‐Holm Bay where the Japanese have established a base called Syowa Station. Several papers discuss topics related to the Yamato Mountains, located 200 km southwest of Lützow‐Holm Bay, where Japanese scientists have collected several thousand fragments of meteorites. Nine reports presented at the symposium are about sites on Ross Island and in the nearby ice‐free valleys of southern Victoria Land. The activities of Japanese scientists in this area are tangible evidence of the close working relations between Japanese and U.S. earth scientists in Antarctica. Logistical support for these studies was provided by the U.S. Antarctic Research Program based in McMurdo on Ross Island.
Committee on the History of Geophysics: A report
Authors: Stern David P. 
Published: October 2011

The AGU Committee on the History of Geophysics (CHG) was created in 1982 following recommendations of an ad hoc committee, and its main task to date has been to promote the preservation and study of the history of geophysics. Toward that goal, it encouraged appointment of an Eos editor for history and later suggested an annual series, “History of Geophysics,” to consist of historyrelated articles from AGU publications. It has started a newsletter, and it has encouraged, sponsored,‐ coordinated, and recorded an increasing number of history talks at AGU meetings.The responsibility for this work has fallen primarily on five CHG officers. The Eos history editor, C. Stewart Gillmor (Wesleyan University, Middletown, Conn.), solicits and edits history articles, arranges their review by referees, and also selects and edits material for the History of Geophysics series. The newsletter editor, Sam Silverman, single‐handedly (with help from an Osborne PC) produces our newsletter. A meeting coordinator, initially Marty Walt of Lockheed Laboratories (Palo Alto, Calif.) and then (until recently) Pat Taylor of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Goddard Space Flight Center (Greenbelt, Md.), helps arrange, publicize, and record history talks at AGU meetings. The secretary, Jim Heirtzler (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Mass.) is in charge of minutes of meetings, correspondence, and the mailing of the newsletter. Finally, as chairman, I carry overall responsibility for the activities of CHG, initiate new ventures, and often back up other officers in their tasks.
NASA replanning efforts continue
Authors: Katzoff Judith A. 
Published: October 2011

A task force of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is producing new launch schedules for NASA's three remaining space shuttle orbiters, possibly supplemented by expendable launch vehicles. In the wake of the explosion of the space shuttle Challenger on January 28, 1986, the task force is assuming a delay of 12–18 months before resumption of shuttle flights.NASA's Headquarters Replanning Task Force, which meets daily, is separate from the agency's Data and Design Analysis Task Force, which collects and analyzes information about the accident for the use of the investigative commission appointed by President Ronald Reagan.
Electronic network links physicists
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Now that AGU is a member of the American Institute of Physics (AIP) (see item on page 150), AGU members may access Pi‐NET, the Physics Information Network developed by AIP on behalf of its member societies. The electronic network will be available after March 31, 1986, to members of AIP member and affiliate societies for the cost of a local telephone call.This electronic database service provides listings of job opportunities in physics, calendars of meetings, advance abstracts of more than 40 journals published by AIP and member societies, brief announcements and news items, titles of journal articles from AIP's Searchable Physics Information Notices (SPIN) database, and an electronic catalog and on‐line ordering of publications from AIP and member societies. AGU journals will be included in the database shortly.
TV series on atmospheric science
Authors: Cruise Karla A. 
Published: October 2011

Acid rain, climate change, air pollution, and the possible inadvertent depletion of ozone in the upper atmosphere will be among the subjects covered in an eight‐part television series that premiers April 3, 1986, on public television. Part of a 32‐lecture program entitled “Earth Science for Teachers,” this series will feature new developments in the physics, chemistry, and dynamics of the atmosphere and will focus on the role of anthropogenic activities that affect atmospheric composition and climate.Public television station WHRO‐TV in Norfolk, Va., in cooperation with Virginia's Department of Education in Richmond, produced the series, which involved guest lecturers from across the country. Joel S. Levine, senior research scientist in the Atmospheric Science Division at the Langley Research Center of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) in Hampton, Va., served as the organizer and coordinator of the series. Joseph D. Exline, Associate Director for Science, Virginia Department of Education, assisted with the development and production of the series.
VLA to receive Voyager images
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The Very Large Array (VLA), the world's largest radio telescope, is being fitted with new receivers that should improve the images of Neptune that are expected in 1989, when Voyager 2 is to come within 3500 km of the planet. The VLA, a Y‐shaped configuration of 27 radio antennas, will be able to accept signals at 8.4 GHz, the frequency at which Voyager 2 transmits, according to the National Science Foundation (NSF).Signals sent back by Voyager 2 from the vicinity of Neptune—about 4.3 billion km from the sun—will be the weakest ever received from a spacecraft, much weaker than the barely perceptible signals received from Uranus, which is approximately 2.7 billion km from the sun. However, Voyager 2 only came within 78,000 km of Uranus, much more distant than its anticipated closest approach to Neptune. With the help of the VLA's signal enhancement, planners are hoping to get pictures from Neptune of the same quality as those from Uranus, according to NSF.
Committee on Solar‐Terrestrial Research
Authors: Intriligator Devrie S. 
Published: October 2011

The National Academy of Sciences (NAS)/National Research Council (NRC) Committee on Solar‐Terrestrial Research (CSTR) of the Board of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate is charged with looking after the “health of solar‐terrestrial research” in the United States. CSTR was established in 1965 for the purposes of

responding to requests from government agencies for scientific advice on projects or programs in solar‐terrestrial research,
providing a mechanism for organizing cooperative projects among U.S. scientists,
taking initiatives in scientific planning as needed, and
coordinating U.S. researches with those in other countries.