bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disgust and eating disorder symptomatology in a non‐clinical population: The role of trait anxiety and anxiety sensitivity
Authors: Davey Graham C. L. , Chapman Laura 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe present paper reports the results of a study investigating the relationship between a domains‐independent measure of disgust (the Disgust Propensity and Sensitivity Scale‐Revised) and measures of eating disorder symptomatology in a non‐clinical population. Significant correlations between disgust sensitivity and disgust propensity and selected eating disorder symptomatology measures suggested that disgust is significantly correlated with measures of eating disorder symptomatology and is appraised more negatively. However, both measures of disgust propensity and sensitivity failed to predict any significant residual variance in scores on eating symptomatology measures when either trait anxiety or anxiety sensitivity was controlled for. This suggests that while the experience of disgust may be heightened in individuals with eating disorders, it may be linked to other relevant emotions such as anxiety and anxiety sensitivity rather than being an independent risk factor for symptoms. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message:

The experience of disgust may be heightened in individuals with eating disorder symptomatology.

Disgust levels may not be an independent predictor of eating disorder symptoms.

In those with eating disorder symotomatology disgust may be linked to other emotions such as anxiety and anxiety sensitivity.
Perception of threat from emotions and its role in poor emotional expression within eating pathology
Authors: Ioannou Korina , Fox John R. E. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractRecent research has documented links between eating disorder (ED) symptomatology and emotional expression deficits. Relevant theoretical models have alluded to the functional role of disordered eating in alleviating affect that is felt to be otherwise unmanageable and threatening. Nevertheless, research examining ED individuals' perceptions of emotional states has been sparse, while empirical studies have predominantly focused on global conceptualizations of emotion, failing to address discrete affect states.The current study had three aims: (a) to determine the relation between ED symptomatology and emotional expression, in a sample of women with ED, in an attempt to confirm previous findings of an inverse relation; (b) to test the hypothesis that women with ED inhibit the expression of emotions perceived as threatening, by examining the relation between emotional expression and perceptions of threat from emotion, while partialling out the effects of depression; and (c) to determine whether, amongst women with ED, perceptions of threat from anger are uniquely associated with emotional inhibition, when the effects of depression and body dissatisfaction are controlled for.Results demonstrated that (a) emotional expression was negatively related with the three Eating Disorders Inventory‐3 subscales (drive for thinness, bulimia and body dissatisfaction); (b) perceived threat from emotion, particularly anger, was negatively correlated with emotional expression, when depression was partialled out in the analysis; and (c) perceived threat from anger significantly and uniquely predicted emotional inhibition, over and above the effects of body dissatisfaction and depression, in a sample of women with ED symptomatology.It is suggested that anger may be perceived as particularly threatening amongst women with ED, and play a significant role in the emotional expression difficulties that this population experiences. The implications of the current findings are discussed in line with relevant theory and research, with particular reference to the new Schematic Propositional Analogical Associative Representation System for Eating Disorders (SPAARS‐ED) model. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message:

Emotional expression appears to be an important construction in understanding eating pathology. Anger plays a unique and significant role in predicting poor emotional expression in eating pathology.
Five‐year longitudinal predictive factors for disordered eating in a population‐based sample of overweight adolescents: Implications for prevention and treatment
Authors: Neumark‐Sztainer Dianne , Wall Melanie , Story Mary , Sherwood Nancy E. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study is to identify predictors of prevalence and incidence of disordered eating (binge eating and extreme weight control behaviors) among overweight adolescents.MethodFive‐year longitudinal associations were examined in 412 overweight adolescents who participated in Project EAT‐I and II.ResultsAmong both overweight males and females, risk factors for disordered eating included exposure to weight loss magazine articles, higher weight importance, and unhealthy weight control behaviors, while family connectedness, body satisfaction, and regular meals were protective factors, although there were some differences in predictors of prevalence (total cases) versus incidence (new cases) of disordered eating. Among males, poor eating patterns, including fast food and sweetened beverage intake, increased risk for disordered eating, and the use of healthy weight control behaviors was protective.DiscussionAttention should be directed toward decreasing disordered eating among overweight adolescents. Findings suggest the importance of promoting positive family relationships, psychological health, and regular meals, and steering adolescents away from overemphasizing weight and using unhealthy weight control behaviors. © 2009 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2009
Anion, Solvent and Time Dependence of High‐Spin–Low‐Spin Interactions in a 3D Coordination Polymer
Authors: Jameson Guy N. L. , Werner Franz , Bartel Matthias , Absmeier Alina , Reissner Michael , Kitchen Jonathan A. , Brooker Sally , Caneschi Andrea , Carbonera Chiara , Létard Jean‐François , Linert Wolfgang 
Published: July 2009

AbstractA thorough investigation into the role of the counterion and occluded solvent on the structure and spin‐crossover behaviour of the threefold interpenetrated network [Fe(4ditz)3]2+ [4ditz = 1,4‐bis(tetrazol‐1‐yl)butane] is presented. As seen by X‐ray single crystal diffraction, changing the hexafluorophosphate anion in the previously investigated trigonal phase [Fe(4ditz)3](PF6)2 to tetrafluoroborate causes the butylene spacers to adopt three different conformations, whereupon the symmetry is reduced to triclinic (space group P$\bar {1}$). X‐ray powder diffraction and NMR spectroscopy provide evidence for the incorporation of statistically distributed ethanol molecules in the cavities of the compound, whose amount depends on whether absolute ethanol or a binary system, ethanol/water (95:5, v/v), is used as solvent. The phase precipitated from EtOH/H2O features a metastable high‐spin (HS) state when rapidly cooled, a sharp spin transition to a mixed HS/LS (1:1) state at around 90 K on slow cooling with an approximately 10 K hysteresis and LIESST appears, whereas the sample synthesised from absolute ethanol shows a more gradual spin transition at the same temperature without hysteresis.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Highly Selective Recognition of α‐Chiral Primary Organoammonium Ions by C3‐Symmetric Peptide Receptors
Authors: Schnopp Markus , Haberhauer Gebhard 
Published: July 2009

AbstractA straightforward synthesis of C3‐symmetric, imidazole‐containing, macrocyclic peptides with different binding arms is presented. The chirality of the backbone and the selection of adequate receptor arms make these systems highly selective receptors for α‐chiral primary organoammonium ions. Furthermore, the receptors have the ability to discriminate between enantiomeric guests with selectivity ratios of up to 87:13. The binding constants and the selectivity ratios were estimated by standard 1H NMR titration techniques in CDCl3. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Characterization and uncertainty analysis of VOCs emissions from industrial wastewater treatment plants
Authors: Zhang Kaishan 
Published: July 2009

AbstractAir toxics from the industrial wastewater treatment plants (IWTPs) impose serious health concerns on its surrounding residential neighborhoods. To address such health concerns, one of the key challenges is to quantify the air emissions from the IWTPs. The objective here is to characterize the air emissions from the IWTPs and quantify its associated uncertainty. An IWTP receiving the wastewaters from an airplane maintenance facility is used for illustration with focus on the quantification of air emissions for benzyl alcohol, phenol, methylene chloride, 2‐butanone, and acetone. Two general fate models, i.e., WATER9 and TOXCHEM+V3.0 were used to model the IWTP and quantify the air emissions. Monte Carlo and Bootstrap simulation were used for uncertainty analysis. On average, air emissions from the IWTP were estimated to range from 0.003 lb/d to approximately 16 lb/d with phenol being the highest and benzyl alcohol being the least. However, emissions are associated with large uncertainty. The ratio of the 97.5th percentile to the 2.5th percentile air emissions ranged from 5 to 50 depending on pollutants. This indicates point estimates of air emissions might fail to capture the worst scenarios, leading to inaccurate conclusion when used for health risk assessment. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2010
Identification of prospective factors promoting osteotropism in breast cancer: a potential role for CITED2
Authors: Lau Wen Min , Weber Kristy L. , Doucet Michele , Chou Yu‐Ting , Brady Kelly , Kowalski Jeanne , Tsai Hua‐Ling , Yang Justin , Kominsky Scott L. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBreast cancer metastases develop in the bone more frequently than any other site and are a common cause of morbidity in the form of bone pain, pathological fractures, nerve compression and life‐threatening hypercalcemia. Despite ongoing research efforts, the molecular and cellular mechanisms that regulate breast cancer cell homing to and colonization of the bone as well as resultant pathological bone alteration remain poorly understood. To identify key mediators promoting breast cancer metastasis to bone, we utilized an immunocompetent, syngeneic murine model of breast cancer metastasis employing the mammary tumor cell line NT2.5. Following intracardiac injection of NT2.5 cells in neu‐N mice, metastases developed in the bone, liver and lung, closely mimicking the anatomical distribution of metastases in patients with breast cancer. Using an in vivo selection process, we established NT2.5 sublines demonstrating an enhanced ability to colonize the bone and liver. Genome‐wide cDNA microarray analysis comparing gene expression between parental NT2.5 cells and established sublines revealed both known and novel mediators of bone metastasis and osteolysis, including the transcriptional co‐activator CITED2. In further studies, we found that expression of CITED2 was elevated in human primary breast tumors and bone metastasis compared to normal mammary epithelium and was highest in breast cancer cell lines that cause osteolytic bone metastasis in animal models. In addition, reducing CITED2 expression in NT2.5 cells inhibited the establishment of bone metastasis and osteolysis in vivo, suggesting a potential role for CITED2 in promoting breast cancer bone metastasis.
Diet and serum micronutrients in relation to cervical neoplasia and cancer among low‐income Brazilian women
Authors: Tomita Luciana Yuki , Filho Adhemar Longatto , Costa Maria Cecília , Andreoli Maria Antonieta Avilla , Villa Luisa Lina , Franco Eduardo Luiz , Cardoso Marly Augusto 
Published: July 2009

AbstractCervical cancer is a leading cancer among women in developing countries. Infection with oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) types has been recognized as a necessary cause of this disease. Serum carotenoids and tocopherols have also been associated with risk for cervical neoplasia, but results from previous studies were not consistent. We evaluated the association of serum total carotene and tocopherols, and dietary intakes with the risk of newly diagnosed, histologically confirmed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grades 1, 2, 3 and invasive cancer in a hospital‐based case‐control study in São Paulo, Brazil. The investigation included 453 controls and 4 groups of cases (CIN1, n = 140; CIN2, n = 126; CIN3, n = 231; invasive cancer, n =108) recruited from two major public clinics between 2003 and 2005. Increasing concentrations of serum lycopene were negatively associated with CIN1, CIN3 and cancer, with odds ratios (OR) (95% CI) for the highest compared to the lowest tertile of 0.53 (0.27–1.00, p for trend = 0.05), 0.48 (0.22–1.04, p for trend = 0.05) and 0.18 (0.06–0.52, p for trend = 0.002), respectively, after adjusting for confounding variables and HPV status. Increasing concentrations of serum α‐ and γ‐tocopherols, and higher dietary intakes of dark green and deep yellow vegetables/fruit were associated with nearly 50% decreased risk of CIN3. These results support the evidence that a healthy and balanced diet leading to provide high serum levels of antioxidants may reduce cervical neoplasia risk in low‐income women.
Serum levels of adiponectin in patients with aseptic loosening after total hip replacement
Authors: Landgraeber Stefan , Wegner Alexander , Canbay Ali , von Knoch Marius 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to elucidate if the adiponectin level correlates with the survival of joint replacements. Current data indicates that adiponectin regulates lipid and glucose metabolism and acts anti‐inflammatory and anti‐apoptotic. We compared the value of adiponectin in serum taken from patients with early loosening in the first 10 years after implantation with serum from patients with late loosening and from patients without any kind of arthroplasty. Adiponectin was measured using a human Adiponectin ELISA test kit. Serum levels of adiponectin were significantly (p < 0.001) lower in patients with a short hip arthroplasty survivorship of up to 10 years (4.10 mg/μL) in comparison with those from patients undergoing exchange hip arthroplasty later than 10 years after primary surgery (10.86 mg/μL). We speculate that increased adiponectin serum levels may be associated with increased survival of hip replacements by reducing wear particle‐induced inflammatory reactions and promoting clearance of apoptotic cell remnants. In conclusion, patients with low levels of adiponectin may have a significantly higher risk for early aseptic loosening when compared with patients with a high level. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010
Spiral‐structured, nanofibrous, 3D scaffolds for bone tissue engineering
Authors: Wang Junping , Valmikinathan Chandra M. , Liu Wei , Laurencin Cato T. , Yu Xiaojun 
Published: July 2009

AbstractPolymeric nanofiber matrices have already been widely used in tissue engineering. However, the fabrication of nanofibers into complex three‐dimensional (3D) structures is restricted due to current manufacturing techniques. To overcome this limitation, we have incorporated nanofibers onto spiral‐structured 3D scaffolds made of poly (ϵ‐caprolactone) (PCL). The spiral structure with open geometries, large surface areas, and porosity will be helpful for improving nutrient transport and cell penetration into the scaffolds, which are otherwise limited in conventional tissue‐engineered scaffolds for large bone defects repair. To investigate the effect of structure and fiber coating on the performance of the scaffolds, three groups of scaffolds including cylindrical PCL scaffolds, spiral PCL scaffolds (without fiber coating), and spiral‐structured fibrous PCL scaffolds (with fiber coating) have been prepared. The morphology, porosity, and mechanical properties of the scaffolds have been characterized. Furthermore, human osteoblast cells are seeded on these scaffolds, and the cell attachment, proliferation, differentiation, and mineralized matrix deposition on the scaffolds are evaluated. The results indicated that the spiral scaffolds possess porosities within the range of human trabecular bone and an appropriate pore structure for cell growth, and significantly lower compressive modulus and strength than cylindrical scaffolds. When compared with the cylindrical scaffolds, the spiral‐structured scaffolds demonstrated enhanced cell proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization and allowed better cellular growth and penetration. The incorporation of nanofibers onto spiral scaffolds further enhanced cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation. These studies suggest that spiral‐structured nanofibrous scaffolds may serve as promising alternatives for bone tissue engineering applications. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010
Simultaneous removal of sulfide and organics with vanadium(V) reduction in microbial fuel cells
Authors: Zhang Baogang , Zhao Huazhang , Shi Chunhong , Zhou Shungui , Ni Jinren 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: Sulfide‐containing wastewater (also containing organics) and vanadium(V)‐containing wastewater exist widely and can be treated in microbial fuel cells (MFCs) based on their chemical conditions. A novel process has been investigated using MFC technologies by employing sulfide, organics and V(V) as electron donors and acceptor, respectively.RESULTS: Electrons produced by oxidation of sulfide and organics in the anode compartment were transferred to the anode surface, then flowed to the cathode through an external circuit, where they were consumed to reduce V(V). Sulfide and total organics removal approached 84.7 ± 2.8% and 20.7 ± 2.1%, with a V(V) reduction rate of 25.3 ± 1.1%. The maximum power output obtained was 572.4 ± 18.2 mW m−2. The effects of the microbes on electricity generation as well as the products of sulfide oxidation and V(V) reduction were also evaluated and analyzed.CONCLUSION: This process achieves both sulfide and V(V) removal with electricity generation simultaneously, providing an economical route for treating these kinds of wastewaters. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Relaxing the shackles: The invisible pendulum
Authors: Stewart Frances 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThis note draws on Polanyi's pendulum in economic policies presented in the the Great Transformation—with swings back and forth between strong restrictions on the market and market domination, each resulting from excesses of the dominant model. The swing he described, when he wrote, was a reaction to the consequences of market domination, notably the Great Depression, and ushered in Keynesianism and the welfare state. In the late twentieth century, there was a swing back towards the market as a result of the inefficiencies associated with this interventionism. This note argues that the pendulum is swinging again, following the political and economic consequences of this market domination. Again market forces are being restrained by regulation, state takeovers, social protection and Keynesian macro‐policies, while environmental factors have added to pressures for interventionist policies. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Business and development—Towards re‐politicisation
Authors: Edward Peter , Tallontire Anne 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThis paper proposes a heuristic model that aims to render more visible tensions concerning the role of business or the invisible hand of the market with respect to development. Fair trade is used as an exemplar to explore the relevance of this model, highlighting the tensions apparent in using the market, particularly instruments such as standards and certificates as a vehicle to promote development. It concludes by highlighting the need to hold open and to value the space of politicisation and contestation in the relationship between business and development, if business is to contribute to the more systemic and radical aspirations that underlie development. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stepping up to the climate change: Opportunities in re‐conceptualising development futures
Authors: Boyd Emily , Juhola Sirkku 
Published: July 2009

AbstractClimate change poses societal challenges on an unprecedented scale. It implies changes to North–South power balance and responsibility, forcing societies to begin to re‐conceptualise current development models and dominant narratives. This paper draws on the Climate Change and Development Futures: Shaping the Invisible panel held at the Development Studies Association 2008 Annual Conference titled Development's Invisible Hands. It reviews some of the relevant literature and analyses the opportunities and barriers that development and Development Studies face in re‐conceptualising development futures. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Global justice: From theory to development action
Authors: Papaioannou Theo , Yanacopulos Helen , Aksoy Zuhre 
Published: July 2009

AbstractOne of the new forces likely to influence the future of global change and re‐shape development agendas is the growing theory and practice of global justice. The latter is founded upon the moral and political claim that, in today's globalising world, our duties and obligations to other persons extend beyond state borders. Two frontiers of the current theory and practice of global justice are poverty reduction and environmental sustainability. This paper draws on the discussion of the emerging theory and practice of global justice at the Development Studies Association conference 2008 on ‘Development's Invisible Hands’. However, the idea of global justice is a source of intentional action and the basis of social and political struggles, not an ‘invisible hand’ of development. The focus of the paper is on particular cases of campaigns in the field of poverty reduction and environmental sustainability such as the Jubilee 2000 Debt Cancellation campaign, Make Poverty History and the campaign for farmers' rights. The argument of the paper is that global justice is both a normative claim and an instrument of social and political action. This is clearly reflected in campaigns for and debates on extending the idea of fairness beyond state borders. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
International development and belief in progress
Authors: Plant Stephen J. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThough interest in religious faith is growing in development studies, more needs to be done to show how faith commitments shape approaches to development. This paper models for non‐specialists ways in which the content of one particular faith tradition, the Christian tradition, might be brought to bear on development theory and practice. The particular issue explored is the belief in progress implicit in development. The paper argues that belief in the capacity of human beings to effect their own progress sits uneasily with the Christian tradition. It concludes that an authentically Christian account of hope may lead to a richer Christian understanding of the good of development. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The possibilities for and constraints on agency: Situating women's public and ‘hidden’ voices in Greater Buenos Aires
Authors: Tabbush Constanza 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThis paper focuses on women's possibilities for agency in an excluded neighbourhood of the suburbs of Buenos Aires, Argentina. In this urban location, while women's social and economic insecurity become part of public concerns and civil society demands for state action, other forms of women's physical vulnerability are sidelined from state institutions and cannot be voiced as social concerns. This paper tackles this paradox and analyses women's public and hidden narratives of participation, and identifies the social processes and institutional mechanisms by which certain needs of women are sidelined from the public sphere. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.