bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conceptions of Family Caregivers: Implications for Professional Practice
Authors: Guberman Nancy , Maheu Pierre 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTThe formal sector's increasing recourse to families poses questions concerning the type and degree of participation that is expected of family caregivers and the conceptions that exist regarding them. This article examines different conceptions and their implications for practice, based on reflexions emanating from the authors' 15 years of empirical research on caregiving. A typology of practice approaches based on the various conceptions is presented including: the dependent adult approach, the caregiver as joint-client, the caregiver as resource and the caregiver as partner approach. Each of these approaches is based on a framework of beliefs, values and principles which shape policy and practice and have implications for how caregivers are perceived and served. The authors propose an alternative community-oriented approach which addresses the limitations of those which currently dominate homecare policy and practice.
Exploring the Relationships Between Families and Staff Caring for Residents in Long-Term Care Facilities: Family Members' Perspectives
Authors: Gladstone James , Wexler Evelyn 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this qualitative study was to learn more about the relationships that families develop with staff who work in the facilities in which their relatives live. Data were collected through participant observation in two long-term care facilities and through personal interviews with 61 family members. Five types of relationships emerged from the data, including relationships that were “collegial,” “professional,” “friendship,” “distant,” and “tense”. Several factors appeared to be associated with positive relationships developed between families and staff, including contact with purpose, shared experiences, and issues of trust. Families also reported a number of benefits from developing positive relationships with staff.
Younger Adults Can Be More Suggestible than Older Adults: The Influence of Learning Differences on Misinformation Reporting
Authors: Marche Tammy A. , Jordan Jason J. , Owre Keith P. 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTThe aim of the present investigation was to determine whether differences in the strength of original information influence adult age differences in susceptibility to misinformation. One-half of the younger and older adults watched a slide sequence once (one-trial learning) that depicted a theft, whereas the remaining participants viewed the slide sequence repeatedly to ensure that all critical details were encoded (criterion learning). Three weeks later and immediately prior to final testing, participants were asked questions that contained misleading information. As expected, the degree of initial learning influenced age differences in misinformation reporting. That is, when event memory was poorer for older than younger adults (in the criterion learning condition), older adults were more susceptible to misinformation than younger adults. However, when memory of the event was poor (in the one-trial learning condition), the younger adults reported more misled details than the older adults, possibly because the younger adults had better memory for the misleading information. Therefore, strength of initial memory influences the extent and direction of adult suggestibility and helps explain the discrepancy found across studies in this area.
Ellen M. Gee and Gloria M. Gutman (Eds). The Overselling of Population Aging: Apocalyptic Demography, Intergenerational Challenges and Social Policy. Don Mills, ON: Oxford University Press, 2000.
Authors: Arber Sara 
Published: November 2010

RÉSUMÉCe collectif fournit des arguments succincts et clairs en opposition aux différents mythes constituant le centre de la démographie apocalyptique. Rédigé par des sociologues canadiens reconnus et des experts en politiques sociales, il présente des points de vue canadiens variés sur les divers aspects de la démographie apocalyptique. Au centre des thèmes abordés se trouve la notion selon laquelle il est faux d'établir des projections à partir des tendances démographiques pour faire ressortir les besoins en soins de santé, des données sur l'espérance d'une vie en santé, les besoins de prestation de soins non constitués et les coûts des pensions. Le livre démontre de quelle façon la rhétorique des « soignants » fait ressortir la notion que les aîné(e)s sont dépendant(e)s, passifs/ives et encombrant(e)s.
German E. Berrios and John R. Hodges (Eds.) Memory disorders in psychiatric practice. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000.
Authors: Gagnon Michèle 
Published: November 2010

RÉSUMÉLe livre intitulé Memory disorders in psychiatric practice offre aux lecteurs une revue complète des troubles mnésiques fréquemment associés aux divers syndromes psychiâtriques. Le contenu est partagé en quatres grandes sections qui discutent en premier lieu les bases historiques et conceptuelles de la mémoire, en deuxième lieu, les syndromes mnésiques plus classiques, et en troisième lieu, quelques nouveaux syndromes moins connus. La quatrième section aborde les questions en matière légale. Généralement, les chapitres offrent une revue variée et contemporaine de ces thèmes tout en y apportant une perspective clinique. Ce livre représente ainsi une resource importante pour les cliniciens et étudiants en psychiâtrie, en neuropsychologie, et en neurologie.
Relationship Between Acute Care Hospital-Based Factors and Discharge Destination for Rehabilitation Following a Hip Fracture
Authors: Chesworth Bert M. , Speechley Mark , Hartford Kathleen , Crilly Richard 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTHospitals may transfer seniors with a hip fracture to various rehabilitation settings. Knowing the relationship between hospital teaching status and post-acute rehabilitation setting may help evaluations of the transfer from acute care. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between hospital teaching status and rehabilitation destination following acute care in seniors with a hip fracture. Hospital separations were linked with home care records to identify hip fractures and hospital-based or home care rehabilitation (n = 806). Two logistic regression models determined the likelihood of transfer to any rehabilitation destination and to hospital-based versus home care rehabilitation. Teaching hospitals were no more likely than non-teaching hospitals to discharge patients to any rehabilitation (OR 1.20, 95% CI 0.88,1.65). However, among those referred to rehabilitation, the odds of discharge to hospital-based versus home care rehabilitation were almost four times greater for patients in teaching hospitals (OR 3.76, 95% CI 2.23, 6.37). The results are consistent with the availability of post-acute rehabilitation in the planning area. Future study of post-acute rehabilitation outcomes should consider hospital teaching status as an indicator of how hospital-based factors may affect the utilization of post-acute rehabilitation.
Comparison of Adult Day Services in Atlantic Canada, Maine, and Vermont
Authors: Weeks Lori E. , Roberto Karen A. 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTIn both Canada and the United States, adult day services (ADS) are an integral component in the array of long-term care services available. We compared characteristics of programs and participant characteristics in Atlantic Canada, Maine, and Vermont. Directors of 47 ADS programs responded to a mailed survey. Individual ADS programs in each province and state exhibited unique program and participant characteristics. ADS programs in the two countries differed with respect to: affiliation, location, levels of government support, participant fees, organizational sponsorship, hours of operation, months of attendance, and hours attended per day. Participant characteristics that varied between the two countries were educational level, physical needs, and cognitive status. The results of this study provide new comparative information that can be used in guiding future research and program development of ADS.
Kenneth Rockwood, & Chris MacKnight. Understanding dementia: A primer of diagnosis and management. Halifax, NS: Pottersfield, 2001
Authors: Gagnon Michèle , Carter Angela M. , Awad Nesrine , Tsiakas Mariya 
Published: November 2010

RÉSUMÉLe livre Understanding Dementia de Rockwood et MacKnight aborde la démence avec une approche clinique structurée. Le livre est bien organisé et présente aux médecins de famille une méthode séquentielle utilisée pour aborder le diagnostic de démence. Les auteurs présentent aussi plusieurs cas cliniques et vignettes qui aident le médecin à poser un diagnostic différentiel. Plusieurs types de démence y sont abordés et la structure des visites de patients est décrite en détail. Le livre termine sur une description utile des différents problèmes comportementaux caractérisant chaque démence et sur une présentation des traitements pharmacologiques disponibles. L'approche pragmatique utilisée présente cependant un inconvénient, elle simplifie le processus diagnostique en proposant l'utilisation du Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE), l'approche neuropsychologique dans le processus diagnostique n'étant mentionnée que dans certains cas. Le livre présente cependant plusieurs points forts avec l'inclusion de tableaux, d'examples cliniques utiles ainsi qu'une liste de ressources pour les aidants naturels.
Robert Pool Negotiating a good death: Euthanasia in the Netherlands. New York: Haworth, 2000.
Authors: Briller Sherylyn H. 
Published: November 2010

RÉSUMÉCe livre présente des comtes-rendus descriptifs de la pratique de l'euthanasie dans un hôpital de taille moyenne des Pays-Bas, avant que l'euthanasie n'y soit légalisée en 2001, ce qui était une première. Par le biais d'une analyse anthropologique, l'auteur explore le débat et les gestes entourant dix cas où des demandes d'euthanasie ont été présentées au personnel de l'hôpital. Le livre illustre en fait la complexité éthique et pratique de cette prise de décision à propos de la fin de la vie. À un micro-niveau, il documente la façon dont le personnel de l'hôpital a tenté de s'assurer que les voeux des patients étaient respectés dans le maintien de la dignité. Le livre ajoute une exploration ethnographique du contexte social de l'euthanasie aux Pays-Bas à la documentation didactique sur le passage de la vie à la mort. L'approche est cependant limitée dans la mesure où elle porte surtout sur la perspective des médecins, des patients et de leur famille et néglige la participation d'autres intervenants comme les professionnels de la santé, les membres du clergé et les travailleurs sociaux. Le livre s'adresse à de nombreux lecteurs, notamment les cliniciens, les responsables des politiques, les scientifiques sociaux et le grand public qui s'intéressent à ce sujet fortement controversé qu'est l'euthanasie.
Mario Paquet. Les Professionnels et les familles dans le soutien aux personnes âgées dépendantes. Montréal, QC: Harmattan, 2000.
Authors: Guberman Nancy 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTThis book is based on a doctoral thesis (itself comprised of four published articles and a conclusion) defended by Mario Paquet in 1998. The subject is the reluctance (réticence) of caregivers to use formal support services. The value of this book lies in its elucidating the challenge faced by professionals as they try to comprehend family dynamics from the standpoint of caregivers rather than from their own institutional perspective. Despite this positive contribution, the book has two major limitations. The first concerns the methodology chosen for examining family dynamics. Although the author situates himself within the paradigm of the actor and a constructivist epistemology, for less than convincing reasons, the majority of the data is derived from interviews with key informants (e.g., professionals) rather than with caregivers themselves. The author is thus compelled to discern the logic of one actor vis-à-vis another from the perspective of the latter. The second reservation pertains to use of the term ‘réticence’ to describe the hesitancy of caregivers to use formal services. To conceptualize non-use as réticence, which must be overcome to prevent caregiver burnout, reflects the perspective of professional service providers. This book may be of interest to newcomers to the field of caregiving but of less interest to those familiar with the literature in this area.
Changes in Income within a Cohort over the Later Life Course: Evidence for Income Status Convergence
Authors: Prus Steven G. 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTThis paper examines the extent to which an individual's income-status position relative to that of others in the same cohort is maintained over the later life course. Changes in the income status of individuals born between 1924 and 1928 are estimated by means of synthetic cohort methods. Using a series of cross-sectional data files from every fifth Survey of Consumer Finances, starting in 1978, the findings show that, from ages 50 to 64, persons of this birth cohort with early-life socio-economic status advantages (namely high education) improve their absolute and relative income status position vis-à-vis others with status disadvantages. For ages 65 to 74, the economic well-being of individuals with status advantages and disadvantages converge. Since Canada's public pension programs are relatively well developed in terms of comprehensiveness and generosity, they do a good job at countering the effects of status background characteristics on the distribution of income in old age. In the absence of these programs (i.e., up to age 64), the relative position of those with high education and other advantaged groups is strengthened.
Karl Pillemer, Phyllis Moen, Elaine Wethington, and Nina Glasgow (Eds.). Social Integration in the Second Half of Life. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins, 2000.
Authors: Rook Karen 
Published: November 2010

RÉSUMÉLes doubles thèmes d'intégration et d'isolation sont omniprésents dans la littérature portant sur le fonctionnement social et l'adaptation durant l'état adulte avancée. Ce livre examine les fondements théoriques et empiriques de ces images concurrentes de la connexité sociale lors de la moyenne âge et plus tard. Le livre propose que ni l'une ni l'autre image soit exacte ; plutôt, une hétérogénéité considérable existe dans la nature, le degré et les effets sur la santé de l'intégration sociale lors de la deuxième moitié de la vie. Un point cardinal du livre est sa compréhension de cette variabilité et la mise en valeur des transitions majeures de la vie et le changement de rôles qui forment l'intégration sociale à de différents moments durant le cours de la vie. Le livre tente de comprendre la portée de cette recherche en ce qui a trait à l'intervention et la politique sociale ; ceci complète l'étude exhaustive d'un sujet important qui préoccupe les spécialistes en sciences sociales.
Leonard F. Heumann, Marry E. McCall, and Duncan P. Boldy (Eds.). Empowering Frail Elderly People: Opportunities and Impediments in Housing, Health, and Support Service Delivery. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2001.
Authors: Delgado Melvin 
Published: November 2010

RÉSUMÉL'emploi d'un paradigme d'autonomisation s'annonce bien dans le domaine du travail avec les groupes sous-évalués de la société. L'autonomisation est à son plus efficace lorsque ancré dans le contexte socioculturel du groupe ciblé. Le texte révisé de Empowering frail elderly people, tente d'ancré l'autonomisation dans la cohorte des personnes âgées.
A Review of the Comprehensiveness of Provincial Drug Coverage for Canadian Seniors
Authors: Grootendorst Paul , Palfrey Dan , Willison Donald , Hurley Jeremiah 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTProvincial government drug plans are the primary source of insurance for drugs taken by seniors in outpatient settings. The adequacy of this coverage has been called into question, given the increased clinical importance of pharma-ceuticals, shifts in the provision of health care from inpatient to outpatient settings, increased use of restrictive formularies, and reductions in provincial drug subsidies. To assess the adequacy of provincial coverage, we estimated what a typical single senior beneficiary of a provincial drug plan paid out-of-pocket in 1998 on prescription drugs covered by the public program, depending on his/her province of residence, level of drug consumption, and income. We compared provincial coverage for seniors with large drug costs. We also assessed provincial coverage of drugs that were introduced into the Canadian market between 1991 and 1998. The cost of drugs consumed by a senior in a given province and year was estimated by multiplying the average number of prescription drugs consumed by senior drug users by the average per-prescription costs. High drug consumption was defined as twice the average. We used the provincial drug cost sharing rules to estimate the senior's share of the total cost of drugs consumed. Mean out-of-pocket costs range from $42 to $1,302 per year, are lower for lower-income seniors, and increase with drug use, although the charge per drug decreases with the number used. There was up to a 12-fold variation among the provinces in the charges faced by seniors with similar incomes and drug use. All but one province limits costs to seniors with catastrophic drug costs, but there was 21-fold variation in the expenditure limits. The substantial variation in seniors' out-of-pocket drug costs raises questions about the distributive equity of drug subsidies in Canada. Recent evidence on the deleterious health effects of drug charges faced by seniors in Quebec and the fact that seniors in some other provinces face direct charges similar to those faced in Quebec raise the possibility of adverse consequences of drug charges in other provinces.
Disability, Dependence, and Old Age: Problematic Constructions
Authors: Stone Sharon Dale 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTThis paper argues that fear of aging can more precisely be recognized as a fear of disability and that fear of disability can be centrally understood as a fear of dependence. Accordingly, we are not likely to see old people being treated as important members of society until we see a change in attitudes towards disability. The argument is developed with reference to a consideration of attitudes toward and treatment of elders and people with disabilities, a consideration of the social construction of dependency, and an examination of statistics on the Canadian population of people with disabilities. The ubiquity of disability across all age groups means that there needs to be a re-conceptualization of disability as part of the human experience.
Projets de retraite et satisfaction conjugale
Authors: Roussy Karine , Lapierre Sylvie , Alain Michel , Bouffard Léandre 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this research was to study the influence of spousal support in the pursuit of retirement goals on retirement satisfaction and marital satisfaction. The 100 retirees had to evaluate the support they received from their spouse for the realization of their personal projects. Regression analyses demonstrated that availability of spousal support, capacity to realize one's projects and spousal support to these projects accounted for 36% of the variance of retirement satisfaction and for 71% of the variance of marital satisfaction. Spousal support in the realization of retirement projects is an important element to consider in the evaluation of retirement and marital satisfaction.
Research Note: Describing Canada's Residential Continuing Care Population through an Analysis of a National Mortality Dataset and a Provincial Hospital Dataset
Authors: Wilson Donna M. , Truman Corrine D. 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTWhile there are 157,000 designated continuing care (CC) beds in Canada – beds that are only used by a rather distinct group of individuals – no comprehensive description of the CC resident population exists. An analysis of 1974–1997 Statistics Canada mortality data and 1992/93–1996/97 Alberta hospital utilization data was undertaken to provide a description of one segment of this population, those at the end of life. Statistics Canada data indicate that only a small (<3%) proportion of deaths take place each year in CC facilities, with these persons 84.5 years of age on average, and most often female (62.5%), widowed (61.9%), and Canadian born (61.8%). The primary cause of death/diagnosis varied considerably, as it did for CC residents in Alberta who were transferred to acute care hospitals before dying there. The average hospital stay for transferred persons was 14.0 days in length, with these hospitalizations normally characterized by few diagnostic tests or treatments (mean=0.9).
David O. Moberg, (Ed.). Aging and Spirituality: Spiritual Dimensions of Aging Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy. Binghamton, NY: Haworth, 2001.
Authors: Telford Gillian Eades 
Published: November 2010

RÉSUMÉAging and Spirituality est une vue d'ensemble positive et perspicace de la spiritualité et le vieillissement. Le livre est écrit par des professionnels venant de disciplines variées. Chaque auteur souligne sa discipline et son expertise relative aux liens entre la spiritualité, la santé et le bien-être. Moberg fourni le contexte nécessaire aux quatre sections du livre à partir de la fondation théorique qui relie la spiritualité et le vieillissement au survol de la recherche pertinente et la description des applications pratiques touchant plusieurs cadres de professions variées de soins. Le dernier chapitre est une discussion des implications politiques et des priorités futures. Ce livre est une bonne ressource primaire pour le travail social et les étudiants en sciences infirmières et met en valeur l'importance de la spiritualité lors des soins holistiques des clients.
Examining the Utility of the Saskatchewan Mood Inventory for Individuals with Memory Loss
Authors: Burton Catherine , Crossley Margaret 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTThe Saskatchewan Mood Inventory (SMI) is a caregiver-focused assessment and research tool that was designed to enhance understanding of the emotional experiences of individuals with dementia and to identify relationships between level of cognitive impairment and family member ratings of pleasant and unpleasant emotional responses during daily activities. Family members were instructed to use the semi-structured written log to document prospectively the type and intensity of emotion expressed by the individual with dementia, to describe the associated emotion-evoking events or activities, and to monitor and record their own emotional reactions. Twenty-seven family caregivers recruited from Alzheimer support groups used the log consistently during a 2-week monitoring period to document an average of three emotion-evoking events per day. Average emotion ratings were more positive for individuals with moderate levels of dementia than for those with severe cognitive impairment, and caregivers' ratings of their family members' and their own emotional states were positively correlated. The event-reporting procedures produced narrative descriptions of emotion-evoking activities that were subsequently coded for content. Inter-rater reliability estimates were high. Event-category summaries are reported in association with positive, negative, and neutral emotional responses for individuals with moderate and severe levels of dementia. Level of impairment was related both to the relative frequency of positive and negative emotions and to the type of event category reported by caregivers.