bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patterning Nanoparticles by Microcontact Printing and Further Growth of One‐Dimensional Nanomaterials
Authors: Ding Lei , Li Changqing , Zhou Weiwei , Chu Haibin , Sun Xiao , Cao Zheng , Yang Zhaohui , Yan Chunhua , Li Yan 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA general method for patterning various functional inorganic nanomaterials on SiOx/Si substrates by using microcontact printing (μCP) was developed. The application of hydrophobic poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) stamps is essential for the reproducibility of this process. By tuning the concentration of the nanoparticle solutions, we can control the thickness of the nanoparticle layers on surfaces. The patterned ZnO nanoparticles on surfaces are used as seeds to grow ZnO nanorod arrays, and the patterned Fe3O4 nanoparticles or Fe/Mo nanoclusters are used as catalysts for the patterned growth of carbon nanotube arrays. This shows that μCP is a facile method to pattern inorganic nanoparticles relying on PDMS stamps of designed surface affinity. Patterned 1Dnanomaterial arrays can subsequently be obtained by use of solution path seeded growth or catalyzed chemical vapor deposition.
Ditopic 8‐Hydroxyquinoline‐2‐carboxamides as Ligands for the Formation of Dinuclear Lanthanide(III) Helicates
Authors: Albrecht Markus , Osetska Olga 
Published: August 2010

AbstractDitopic ligands (1–4)‐H2 are easily obtained by coupling 8‐hydroxyquinoline‐2‐carboxylic acid with diamines. Dinuclear helicate‐type complexes [La2(L)3] (L = ligand) are easily obtained with alkyl‐bridged ligands 2 and 3. Short hydrazine as a linkage (1) seems to lead to polymerization, whereas with 4 only [Yb2(4)3] could be characterized by ESIMS. Comparison of the alkyl‐bridged derivatives reveals that, in the case of short spacers, alkali cations can be incorporated into the interior of the helicate, whereas this is not observed with the butyl‐bridged coordination compounds.
Humidity‐Sensitive Magnet Composed of a Cyano‐Bridged CoII–NbIV Dimetallic Assembly
Authors: Imoto Kenta , Takahashi Daisuke , Tsunobuchi Yoshihide , Kosaka Wataru , Arai Michio , Tokoro Hiroko , Ohkoshi Shin‐ichi 
Published: August 2010

AbstractNanoporous magnetic materials composed of metal‐assembled complexes are expected to exhibit chemical sensitivity. In this work, we observed a humidity‐induced reversible change between ferromagnetism and antiferromagnetism in a new type of a cobalt octacyanoniobate based magnet in the high‐humidity region. This humidity response is caused by the adsorption and desorption of non‐coordinated water (so‐called zeolitic water) molecules in the interstitial site. Such a phenomenon is achieved by the structural flexibility of an octacyanometalate‐based magnet.
Synthesis and Structural Characterization of a New Class of Strong Chiral Brønsted Acids: 1,1′‐Binaphthyl‐2,2′‐bis(sulfuryl)imides (JINGLEs)
Authors: Berkessel Albrecht , Christ Philipp , Leconte Nicolas , Neudörfl Jörg‐M. , Schäfer Mathias 
Published: August 2010

AbstractWe herein present the first synthesis of 1,1′‐binaphthyl‐2,2′‐bis(sulfuryl)imides (JINGLEs). This new class of chiral Brønsted acids was synthesized in one step from the corresponding BINOLs and imidobis(sulfuryl chloride). A total of six enantiopure 1,1′‐binaphthyl‐2,2′‐bis(sulfuryl)imides, carrying different 3,3′‐substituents, were synthesized and characterized, inter alia, by X‐ray crystallography.
Cosmetic Electrochemistry II: Rapid and Facile Production of Metallic Electrocatalytic Ensembles
Authors: Choudhry Nadeem A. , Khairy Mohamed , Kadara Rashid O. , Jenkinson Norman , Banks Craig E. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractWe demonstrate a facile methodology for the production of metallic electrocatalytic microdomain ensembles for a range of analytical sensing challenges. A commercially available off‐the‐shelf cosmetic product can change the voltammetric characteristics of a metallic macro‐electrode created electrolytically into that of a random ensemble of metallic microelectrode domains. Proof‐of‐concept is shown for three examples: a palladium ensemble for hydrazine sensing, a gold ensemble for arsenic(III) detection via anodic stripping voltammetry and platinum ensembles for the direct oxidation of arsenic(III). Last we demonstrate that the fabrication of metallic microdomains can be simplified by sputter coating screen printed electrochemical sensing platforms which are beneficially constructed using this cosmetic methodology. Given the facile fabrication and low cost of the underlying electrode substrate and the cosmetic modifier, the widespread implementation of this novel fabrication methodology is expected.
Enhancement of CO Tolerance on Electrodeposited Pt Anode for Micro‐PEM Fuel Cells
Authors: Joo J. Y. , Lee J. K. , Kwon Y. , Jung C. R. , Lee E. S. , Jang J. H. , Lee H. J. , Uhm S. , Lee J. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractElectrodeposited and sprayed Pt anode catalysts were electrochemically characterised by CO stripping voltammetry as well as their activity to CO tolerance in micro‐PEMFCs was demonstrated using polarisation measurements. While the onset and peak potentials of CO oxidation on the sprayed Pt/C varied with the CO coverage, these were lower (∼50 mV) with the electrodeposited Pt anode. This difference is attributed to the varying properties of the Pt–OH on either rough or smooth surface mainly created from different sizes of Pt particles. In fuel cell performance test, the electrodeposited Pt anode showed maximum power density of 360 mW cm–2 and it was markedly (∼110 mW cm–2) higher than the sprayed Pt/C anode. The enhanced activity of the electrodeposited Pt anode is also reflected by the fact that the entire amount of adsorbed CO becomes almost desorbed during the first three polarisation scans, while with the Pt/C anode at least five cycles are required.
Properties of Polymer Electrolyte Membranes Based on Poly(Aryl Ether Benzimidazole) and Sulphonated Poly(Aryl Ether Benzimidazole) for High Temperature PEMFCs
Authors: Dai H. , Zhang H. , Zhong H. , Jin H. , Li X. , Xiao S. , Mai Z. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractMembranes based on poly[2,2′‐(p‐oxydiphenylene)‐5,5′‐bibenzimidazole] (OPBI) and their sulphonated derivatives (SOPBI) were prepared and first investigated for high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells. OPBI and SOPBI membranes with good chemical stability were prepared by casting from their dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) solution and then impregnated in phosphoric acid baths to obtain H3PO4 (PA)‐doped membranes. The properties of PA‐doped OPBI membranes, including phosphoric acid uptake, swelling ratio, mechanical properties and thermal properties, were fully investigated and compared with PA‐doped SOPBI membranes. The fuel cell performances of PA‐doped OPBI and SOPBI membranes at different temperatures were first evaluated. When doped in different concentrations of H3PO4 solution, OPBI membranes adsorb more acid than SOPBI membranes. SOPBI membranes exhibit obviously lower swelling ratio in thickness direction than that of OPBI membranes. With an acid uptake of ∼110 wt.‐%, corresponding doping level around 5, PA‐doped OPBI and SOPBI membranes keep reasonably high tensile strength. PA‐doped OPBI membranes exhibit peak power density of 0.78 W cm–2 at 170 °C and 0.25 MPa. With the same acid uptake, PA‐doped SOPBI membranes displayed similar fuel cell performance to that of PA‐doped OPBI membranes.
Electrostatic Spray Deposition of Doped Ceria Films
Authors: Huang J. B. , Chang C. L. , Hsu C. S. , Hwang B. H. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractDense and thin electrolyte films are desirable for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) because of their low gas leakage and low ohmic resistances. This work aims at the preparation of thin dense Gd‐doped ceria (CGO) electrolyte films using a cost‐effective deposition method in ambient atmosphere–electrostatic spray deposition (ESD). The deposition parameters such as deposition temperature, concentration and flow rate of precursor solution were changed systematically to examine their effects on film morphology and hence electrochemical performance. While the film morphology was examined by a scanning electron microscope, the electrochemical performance was revealed by measuring open circuit voltages (OCVs) of NiO‐CGO/CGO/Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3‐δ (BSCF) cells in 500–700 °C with humidified hydrogen as fuel and air as oxidant. The results show that a CGO film of 25 μm thick obtained at a deposition temperature of 400 °C, a precursor solution flow rate of 6 ml h–1 and a precursor concentration of 0.3 M was dense with very few isolated pores and the OCV of the associated cell was 0.915 V at 500 °C. This implies that the CGO film has negligible gas leakage and ESD is a promising method for preparing thin dense electrolyte films for SOFCs.
Low‐Temperature Preparation of La0.6Sr0.4Fe0.8Co0.2O3–δ Sinterable Nanopowders by the Polymeric Organic Complex Solution Method
Authors: Perez‐Falcon J. M. , Moure A. , Tartaj J. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIn this work, powders of La0.6Sr0.4Fe0.8Co0.2O3–δ were prepared by the auto‐combustion of ethylene glycol–metal nitrate polymerised gel precursor. This method (polymeric organic complex solution) allows decreasing the processing temperature and simplifies the whole procedure. A single phase material is obtained at 300 °C lower than that needed by conventional solid state reaction (SSR). The reduced particle size and low agglomeration increases the reactivity of powders and therefore, the sintering temperature is also reduced in 200 °C with respect to the conventional SSR method. As a consequence of that, the microstructures are controlled maintaining the grain size in an almost nanometric range.
Imputation aware meta‐analysis of genome‐wide association studies
Authors: Zaitlen Noah , Eskin Eleazar 
Published: August 2010

AbstractGenome‐wide association studies have recently identified many new loci associated with human complex diseases. These newly discovered variants typically have weak effects requiring studies with large numbers of individuals to achieve the statistical power necessary to identify them. Likely, there exist even more associated variants, which remain to be found if even larger association studies can be assembled. Meta‐analysis provides a straightforward means of increasing study sample sizes without collecting new samples by combining existing data sets. One obstacle to combining studies is that they are often performed on platforms with different marker sets. Current studies overcome this issue by imputing genotypes missing from each of the studies and then performing standard meta‐analysis techniques. We show that this approach may result in a loss of power since errors in imputation are not accounted for. We present a new method for performing meta‐analysis over imputed single nucleotide polymorphisms, show that it is optimal with respect to power, and discuss practical implementation issues. Through simulation experiments, we show that our imputation aware meta‐analysis approach outperforms or matches standard meta‐analysis approaches. Genet. Epidemiol. 34: 537–542, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
On the genome‐wide analysis of copy number variants in family‐based designs: methods for combining family‐based and population‐based information for testing dichotomous or quantitative traits, or completely ascertained samples
Authors: Murphy Amy , Won Sungho , Rogers Angela , Chu Jen‐Hwa , Raby Benjamin A. , Lange Christoph 
Published: August 2010

AbstractWe propose a new approach for the analysis of copy number variants (CNVs)for genome‐wide association studies in family‐based designs. Our new overall association test combines the between‐family component and the within‐family component of the family‐based data so that the new test statistic is fully efficient and, at the same time, maintains robustness against population‐admixture and stratification, like classical family‐based association tests that are based only on the within‐family component. Although all data are incorporated into the test statistic, an adjustment for genetic confounding is not needed, even for the between‐family component. The new test statistic is valid for testing either quantitative or dichotomous phenotypes. If external CNV data are available, the approach can also be applied to completely ascertained samples. Similar to the approach by Ionita‐Laza et al. ([2008]. Genet Epidemiol 32:273–284), the proposed test statistic does not require a CNV‐calling algorithm and is based directly on the CNV probe intensities. We show, via simulation studies, that our methodology increases the power of the FBAT statistic to levels comparable to those of population‐based designs. The advantages of the approach in practice are demonstrated by an application to a genome‐wide association study for body mass index. Genet. Epidemiol. 34: 582–590, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Variation in folate pathway genes contributes to risk of congenital heart defects among individuals with Down syndrome
Authors: Locke Adam E. , Dooley Kenneth J. , Tinker Stuart W. , Cheong Soo Yeon , Feingold Eleanor , Allen Emily G. , Freeman Sallie B. , Torfs Claudine P. , Cua Clifford L. , Epstein Michael P. , Wu Michael C. , Lin Xihong , Capone George , Sherman Stephanie L. , Bean Lora J.H. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractCardiac abnormalities are one of the most common congenital defects observed in individuals with Down syndrome. Considerable research has implicated both folate deficiency and genetic variation in folate pathway genes with birth defects, including both congenital heart defects (CHD) and Down syndrome (DS). Here, we test variation in folate pathway genes for a role in the major DS‐associated CHD atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD). In a group of 121 case families (mother, father, and proband with DS and AVSD) and 122 control families (mother, father, and proband with DS and no CHD), tag SNPs were genotyped in and around five folate pathway genes: 5,10‐methylenetetrahyrdofolate reductase (MTHFR), methionine synthase (MTR), methionine synthase reductase (MTRR), cystathionine β‐synthase (CBS), and the reduced folate carrier (SLC19A1, RFC1). SLC19A1 was found to be associated with AVSD using a multilocus allele‐sharing test. Individual SNP tests also showed nominally significant associations with odds ratios of between 1.34 and 3.78, depending on the SNP and genetic model. Interestingly, all marginally significant SNPs in SLC19A1 are in strong linkage disequilibrium (r2≥0.8) with the nonsynonymous coding SNP rs1051266 (c.80A>G), which has previously been associated with nonsyndromic cases of CHD. In addition to SLC19A1, the known functional polymorphism MTHFR c.1298A was over‐transmitted to cases with AVSD (P=0.05) and under‐transmitted to controls (P=0.02). We conclude, therefore, that disruption of the folate pathway contributes to the incidence of AVSD among individuals with DS. Genet. Epidemiol. 34: 603–612, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Three New Paeonidanin‐Type Monoterpene Glycosides from Paeonia suffruticosaAndr.
Authors: Yang Yu , Hu Hong‐Yu , Yu Neng‐Jiang , Zhang Yang , Zhao Yi‐Min 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThree new paeonidanin‐type monoterpene glycosides, named suffrupaeonidanins A–C, were isolated as minor components from the root cortex of Paeonia suffruticosa Andr. Their structures were elucidated by a combination of 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR, and mass spectral techniques.
A New Nortriterpene from the Root of Celastrus hypoleucus
Authors: Wang Hong , Tian Xuan , Ying Guo Qing 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA new nortriterpene, 2‐hydroxy‐3‐methyl‐21‐oxo‐12,24‐dinor‐D : B‐friedooleana‐1,3,5(10),7‐tetraen‐29‐oic acid (1), was isolated from the root of Celastrus hypoleucus, together with the two known compounds, celastorol (2) and pristimerine (3). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses. Compounds 1–3 exhibited in vitro significant antioxidant (against lipid peroxidation; by the TBARS method) and antitumor activities (against cancer cell lines P‐388, A‐549, HL‐60, and BEL‐7402).
Enantioselective Synthesis of Herbarumin III by Using a Chelation‐Controlled Reduction
Authors: Sabitha Gowravaram , Srinivas Chitti , Maruthi Chittapragada , Yadav Jhillu Singh 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe total synthesis of herbarumin III (1) was achieved via an alkynide ion addition onto a chiral aldehyde and LiAlH4/LiI reduction as key steps (Scheme 2).
One‐Step Synthesis of 1‐(4,5‐Diphenylpyrimidin‐2‐yl)thiourea
Authors: Han Wen‐Yong , Zhang Zun‐Ting , Zhang Ying‐Chun , Xue Dong , Li Gang 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA simple and straightforward methodology toward the synthesis of novel 1‐(4,5‐diphenylpyrimidin‐2‐yl)thiourea has been developed by a one‐step reaction of isoflavones with amidinothiourea. A series of 16 new compounds was synthesized. All compounds were characterized by FT‐IR, NMR, and elemental analysis. The structure of a typical compound was established by X‐ray diffraction. A variety of substrates can participate in the process with good yields and high purities, making this methodology suitable for library synthesis in drug discovery.
A New Method for the Synthesis of Nonsymmetrically Substituted Bis(azulen‐1‐yl) Ketones
Authors: Sigrist Rolf , Hansen Hans‐Jürgen 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe 1‐(3‐methylazulen‐1‐yl)alkan‐1‐ones, when oxidized with excess 2,3‐dichloro‐5,6‐dicyano‐1,4‐benzoquinone (=4,5‐dichloro‐3,6‐dioxocyclohexa‐1,4‐diene‐1,2‐dicarbonitrile; DDQ) in aqueous acetone in the presence of 1‐(3‐demethylazulen‐1‐yl)alkan‐1‐ones, form the corresponding unsymmetrically substituted bis(3‐acylazulen‐1‐yl)methanones in good to excellent yields (Schemes 4, 5, 7, and 10). Intermediates are the corresponding disubstituted methane derivatives, which are formed by radical and radical‐cation recombination (Scheme 6). The 1‐(3‐methylazulen‐1‐yl)alkan‐1‐ones can as well be coupled oxidatively with azulene itself, benz[a]azulene, or 1,3‐dimethoxybenzene (Schemes 9–11).
Analysis of unsupervised learning techniques for face recognition
Authors: Kumar Dinesh , Rai C. S. , Kumar Shakti 
Published: August 2010

AbstractFace recognition has always been a potential research area because of its demand for reliable identification of a human being especially in government and commercial sectors, such as security systems, criminal identification, border control, etc. where a large number of people interact with each other and/or with the system. The last two decades have witnessed many supervised and unsupervised learning techniques proposed by different researchers for the face recognition system. Principal component analysis (PCA), self‐organizing map (SOM), and independent component analysis (ICA) are the most widely used unsupervised learning techniques reported by research community. This article presents an analysis and comparison of these techniques. The article also includes two SOM processing methods global SOM (GSOM) and local SOM (LSOM) for performance evaluation along with PCA and ICA. We have used two different databases for our analysis. The simulation result establishes the supremacy of GSOM in general among all the unsupervised techniques. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 20, 261–267, 2010
RTN3 and RTN4: Candidate modulators in vascular cell apoptosis and atherosclerosis
Authors: Chen Yaqin , Zhao Shuiping , Xiang Rong 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe vascular cell apoptosis may play an important role in the development of atherosclerosis. Reticulons, the only molecular so far to participate in all three apoptosis signaling pathways, may be a novel player in the progress of AS. We presumes that reticulons may belong to the principle node of apoptosis pathway and be the candidate factor linking apoptosis and AS. J. Cell. Biochem. 111: 797–800, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Microarray Profile of Gene Expression During Osteoclast Differentiation in Modelled Microgravity
Authors: Sambandam Yuvaraj , Blanchard Jeremy J. , Daughtridge Giffin , Kolb Robert J. , Shanmugarajan Srinivasan , Pandruvada Subramanya N. M. , Bateman Ted A. , Reddy Sakamuri V. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractMicrogravity (µXg) leads to a 10–15% loss of bone mass in astronauts during space flight. Osteoclast (OCL) is the multinucleated bone‐resorbing cell. In this study, we used the NASA developed ground‐based rotating wall vessel bioreactor (RWV), rotary cell culture system (RCCS) to simulate µXg conditions and demonstrated a significant increase (2‐fold) in osteoclastogenesis compared to normal gravity control (Xg). Gene expression profiling of RAW 264.7 OCL progenitor cells in modelled µXg by Agilent microarray analysis revealed significantly increased expression of critical molecules such as cytokines/growth factors, proteases and signalling proteins, which play an important role in enhanced OCL differentiation/function. Transcription factors such as c‐Jun, MITF and CREB implicated in OCL differentiation are upregulated; however no significant change in the levels of NFATc1 expression in preosteoclast cells subjected to modelled µXg. We also identified high‐level expression of calcium‐binding protein, S100A8 (calcium‐binding protein molecule A8/calgranulin A) in preosteoclast cells under µXg. Furthermore, modelled µXg stimulated RAW 264.7 cells showed elevated cytosolic calcium (Ca2+) levels/oscillations compared to Xg cells. siRNA knock‐down of S100A8 expression in RAW 264.7 cells resulted in a significant decrease in modelled µXg stimulated OCL differentiation. We also identified elevated levels of phospho‐CREB in preosteoclast cells subjected to modelled µXg compared to Xg. Thus, modelled µXg regulated gene expression profiling in preosteoclast cells provide new insights into molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets of enhanced OCL differentiation/activation to prevent bone loss and fracture risk in astronauts during space flight missions. J. Cell. Biochem. 111: 1179–1187, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Both FGF23 and extracellular phosphate activate Raf/MEK/ERK pathway via FGF receptors in HEK293 cells
Authors: Yamazaki Miwa , Ozono Keiichi , Okada Tomoko , Tachikawa Kanako , Kondou Hiroki , Ohata Yasuhisa , Michigami Toshimi 
Published: August 2010

AbstractFibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is a phosphaturic hormone produced by bone and exerts its function in the target organs by binding the FGF receptor (FGFR) and Klotho. Since recent studies suggested that extracellular inorganic phosphate (Pi) itself triggers signal transduction and regulates gene expression in some cell types, we tested the notion that extracellular Pi induces signal transduction in the target cells of FGF23 also and influences its signaling, utilizing a human embryonic kidney cell line HEK293. HEK293 cells expressed low levels of klotho, and treatment with a recombinant FGF23[R179Q], a proteolysis‐resistant mutant of FGF23, resulted in phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and induction of early growth response‐1 (EGR1) expression. Interestingly, increased extracellular Pi resulted in activation of the Raf/MEK/ERK pathway and expression of EGR1, which involved type III sodium/phosphate (Na+/Pi) cotransporter PiT‐1. Since the effects of an inhibitor of Na+/Pi cotransporter on FGF23 signaling suggested that the signaling triggered by increased extracellular Pi shares the same downstream cascade as FGF23 signaling, we further investigated their convergence point. Increasing the extracellular Pi concentration resulted in the phosphorylation of FGF receptor substrate 2α (FRS2α), as did treatment with FGF23. Knockdown of FGFR1 expression diminished the phosphorylation of both FRS2α and ERK1/2 induced by the Pi. Moreover, overexpression of FGFR1 rescued the decrease in Pi‐induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in the cells where the expression of PiT‐1 was knocked down. These results suggest that increased extracellular Pi triggers signal transduction via PiT‐1 and FGFR and influences FGF23 signaling in HEK293 cells. J. Cell. Biochem. 111: 1210–1221, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.