bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Holistic Understanding: A Qualitative Study on Parental and Teacher Experiences in Describing Coping Mechanisms Among Children with Special Needs in Indonesia
Authors: Khoirunnisa Khoirunnisa , Kurniawan Kurniawan , Maryam Nenden Nur Asriani , Mardhiyah Ai 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Children with Special Needs are vulnerable groups that require special attention from various aspects. The existence of children with special needs in Pangandaran District is difficult to reach because it tends to be hidden by families. So that, the development of children with special needs is not optimal due to the unmet needs. It can lead to be a stigma in community. This study aimed to explore coping mechanism of parent and teacher in caring the children with special needs.
Method
This study used qualitative descriptive research design. Participants in this study consisted of two groups, namely parents and teachers in Special Schools with a total of 18 people. The data collection process was using Focused Group Discussion (FGD). The data was analyzed by thematic analysis.
Results
The data was analyzed using thematic analysis methods so that relevant themes were found to the statements expressed by the participants. The results of the data analysis obtained four main themes related to parents' experiences in caring for children with special needs, namely adaptive behavior, maladaptive behavior, sources of coping for children with special needs, dilemmas about the future of children with special needs, and parents' responses related to children's conditions. There are similar problems and coping mechanism both of parents and teacher, such as support system and facility that they can access.
Conclusions
This study highlights that the majority of parents and teachers report that children with special needs exhibit maladaptive behavior as a coping mechanism. Both parents and teachers of special children need support from various aspects to build their coping mechanism. Meanwhile, this study can be implied as justification to develop a support group for parents to increase awareness about children with disabilities and their needs.
The regular use of Finasteride before Transurethral Laser Resection of the Prostate help to reduce bleeding: a retrospective study in a single center
Authors: Wang Ruoyu , Gong Xiaoyong , Chen Shuiyuan , Shu Tiehuan , Xiang Guiqiao , Yang Sen 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the effect of preoperative administration of finasteride on intraoperative bleeding during transurethral laser resection of the prostate.
Materials and methods: We retrospectively analyzed 181 patients who underwent transurethral laser resection of the prostate between Jan 2021 and Dec 2023. Patients were divided into two groups based on whether finasteride were used (n = 99) or not (n = 82). The following parameters were collected: age, height, weight and body mass index (BMI), international prostate symptom score (IPSS), quality of life (QoL) score, prostate‐specific antigen (PSA), prostate volume, operation time, hospital stay, catheterization duration, re‐catheterization , preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin concentrations, preoperative and postoperative serum sodium concentrations, postoperative urinary tract infection (UTI) rate, hospitalization costs. We compared the two groups using Student’s t test, Mann–Whitney U test and χ2 test for quantitative and categorical variables, respectively. Linear regression model was used to identify predictive factors of transurethral laser resection of the prostate.
Results: Compared with the non-finasteride group, the finasteride group had a lower bleeding level (Δhemoglobin 3.63±8.73 g/L vs. 8.10±11.14 g/L, p=0.026), and a lower hospitalization costs (22796.89±5482.40 Yuan vs. 25113.27±4510.60 Yuan, p=0.008). In multivariate analyses, the regular use of finasteride (r=-0.237, p=0.002) and level of PSA (r=0.233, p=0.006) was the indepentent predictive factor of intraoperative bleeding during transurethral laser resection of the prostate.
Conclusion: The regular use of finasteride before transurethral laser resection of the prostate help to reduce intraoperative bleeding level.
Outcomes of peritoneal dialysis patients after transfer to haemodialysis
Authors: KV Koti Reddy , Sree Spoorthi , Aruna M , Varalakshmi V , Sreelak G , Samaja Ganana , Harshitha P , G Jagrutee , Rao Viswaeswar , Laksmi Aishwarya , SK Shahida Heera , Ram R , Kumar Siva 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Introduction The impact of switching to haemodialysis from peritoneal dialysis (PD) and the timing of this switch become more important to the long-term management of PD patients. We examined the following issues 1. The hazard of technique failure of PD on patient survival and the effect of the transfer to HD when compared to the patients continuing on PD and patients started on HD. 2. We investigated whether this hazard depends on the type of vascular access. Materials and Methods The study was as a retrospective single-centre cohort study. All ESRD patients who were on peritoneal dialysis at our centre between 01.01.2013 and 31.12.2022, were considered for inclusion in the study. Results During the study period, 677 patients were started on PD at our institute. In the present study, we did not find any significant difference in baseline characteristics between the patients who continued on PD and those who successfully switched to HD. The 90-day mortality after transfer to HD from PD was 20 patients (30.7%). The mortality was higher than the 90-day mortality in the matched 65 patients who were identified from the 372 patients who continued on PD. The significant risk factors for mortality identified after transfer to HD from PD were the absence of permanent of vascular access, lower ultrafiltration while on PD, lower serum albumin, and lower serum calcium. Discussion In our study, patients who continued on PD had a better survival than the patients transferred to HD. Other studies reported no difference in survival for patients staying on PD compared to patients with a successful switch to HD.
Comparison of two-region nonequilibrium model and transient storage model for simulating solute transport in karst conduits
Authors: Zhao Xiaoer , Cao Zhaodan , Wu Chengqiu , Xue Xiaofeng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Two-region nonequilibrium model (TRM) and transient storage model (TSM) are commonly used to interpret the tailing of breakthrough curve (BTC) in karst conduits caused by immobile zones (pool, etc.) for transport studies in conduits. But few studies simultaneously used the two models for comparison. We used the two models to simulate the same BTCs in the pool-pipe system with different pool sizes to analyze the similarities and differences between them. The simulation results show that the BTCs can be well reproduced by both TRM and TSM in CXTFIT and OTIS. The equations underling the two models are equivalent for simulation of conservative solute transport in the pool-pipe system because the average mobile velocity (vm), dispersion coefficient (Dm), partition coefficient (β) and exchange coefficient (α/β) in TRM respectively equal the average advective velocity (u), dispersion coefficient (DL), main channel proportion (A/(A + AS)) and exchange coefficient (α') in TSM. The equivalences of parameters in the two models allow to give appropriate initial estimates for A, AS and DL in TSM using initial v, D and β estimates in TRM. TSM can describe solute transport in conduits with lateral flow or in conduit segments between the sampling points but TRM cannot. In addition, TSM provides more insights into solute transport processes in karst conduits compared with TRM. However, simulating BTC in karst conduits using TRM in CXTFIT is steadier and easier. The results show implications for the selection of the models to simulate solute transport processes in karst conduits.
Chinese Character Stroke Extraction Method based on Hierarchical Multi-Model
Authors: Ma Siliang , Xu Yong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Stroke extraction of Chinese characters plays an important role in Chinese character recognition, calligraphy aesthetic quality evaluation and handwriting synthesis. However, most of the existing methods perform well on printed characters, but not well on ancient calligraphy and handwritten characters. In addition, most of these methods only use a single model based on graph theory or deep learning to achieve end-to-end stroke extraction, resulting in limited room for model performance improvement. In this paper, we propose a Chinese character stroke extraction method based on hierarchical multi-model including four steps, which apply KNN clustering algorithm into stroke extraction and improved the performance of stroke extraction based on instance segmentation.Firstly, we use a stacked model driven calligraphic character recognition method to recognize the input character image. Then we use the font recognition model to match the input character image with images with annotated strokes. For those images with matching rate higher than 99\%, stroke extraction method based on KNN pixel clustering is used to extract the strokes. Thirdly, for those images with matching rate less than 99\%, we separate the non-connected regions of the input character image according to the graphic attributes to find out the independent strokes. Finally, the instance segmentation-based stroke extraction method is applied to extract each individual stroke. Experimental results show that the average accuracy of the proposed method on the five test subsets of CSSCD, LTH, SS, HLJ, FZJTJW and FZLBJW is 94.3\%, 96.2\%, 91.7\%, 92.9\% and 89.4\%, respectively, which is greatly improved compared with the existing methods, which proves the effectiveness of the method described in this paper. Our code and datasets are publicly available at \url{https://github.com/JacksonMa618/MLStroke}
Enhancing Text Summarization in a Limited Data and Long Sample Setting
Authors: Shevchuk Viktor 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This thesis addresses the challenges of automatic text summarization in a limited amount of data and a significantly large sample size setting. The study introduces a novel dataset of Ukrainian legislative documents professionally translated into English. Comprising only 99 document-summary pairs with average lengths of over 20,000 and 1,300 tokens respectively, this dataset provides an ideal opportunity to evaluate and compare both extractive and abstractive summarization techniques under the data scarcity and document length constraints.
The research findings reveal that abstractive summarization, even in a zero-shot setting, outperforms extractive methods, achieving higher scores across ROUGE and BERTScore metrics for legislative texts.
Additionally, this study introduces a new text segmentation technique that automates the manual preprocessing of long, unstructured texts for abstractive summarization. Initial results demonstrating a 0.23 ROUGE score compared to human-annotated references, while may seem modest, indicate the feasibility of automating the generation of training data for fine-tuning summarization models at any scale, unlocking not only the ability to handle large-scale datasets but also to improve the efficiency of the models, encouraging further research into enhancing the algorithm.
Paper-based device (PAD) for simultaneous determination of Hg(II) and Pb(II) in water samples from São Francisco River, Brazil
Authors: Silva Jéssica da Conceição da , Soares Maria Helena Gomes , Júnior José Guimarães F. , Lima Phabyanno Rodrigues , Abreu Fabiane Caxico , Meneses Diógenes 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Hg(II) and Pb(II) are considered potentially toxic metals (PTMs) that can be found in several ecosystems, including water systems such as lakes, rivers and groundwaters. These species are classified as human carcinogens and non-biodegradable pollutants, leading to neurological and nutritional disorders, as well as chronic diseases. Due to its relevance, several methods have been developed to determine the concentration of these PTMs; however, they require costly reagents, laborious operation and complex equipment. Herein, we present a simple-to-use and low-cost paper-based device (PAD) for Hg(II) and Pb(II) determination in natural water samples based on the colorimetric reaction between these PMTs and the dithizone colorimetric probe. The color intensity was employed as an analytical signal, through the color channels of the RGB scale. Under optimized conditions, a linear correlation of r = 0.989 and r = 0.991 and linear range of 1–20 µg/mL and 5–30 µg/mL were obtained for Hg(II) and Pb(II), respectively. After analytical optimization, the method was employed for PMTs determination using real samples from São Francisco River, Brazil. Thus, this method proved to be appropriate for Hg(II) and Pb(II) determination in natural water samples and is a easy, low-cost and straightforward alternative for the simultaneous determination of Hg(II) and Pb(II).
A lightweight optimization framework for real-time object detector on the embedded GPU platform
Authors: Zhu Jiawei , Feng Haogang , Zhong Shida , Quan Zhi , Yuan Tao 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

At present, embedded GPU devices play a central role in carrying edge intelligence applications, especially object detection. However, efficiently deploying and inferring convolutional neural network (CNN)-based object detection models on embedded edge GPU devices with small size, low power consumption, and limited computing resources remains a significant challenge. In this paper, we proposed a lightweight optimization framework for YOLOv3 to improve its inference efficiency onto a small GPU-based edge device, in this case the Jetson Nano, which is a low-cost entry-level artificial intelligence (AI) computer for the embedded and edge intelligence markets. First, we replace the Backbone of YOLOv3 by Efficient-RepVGG, which is more suitable for GPU architecture. Secondly, a lightweight and efficient bidirectional feature pyramid network is designed to further compress the model. Finally, the Optimized Couple Head is proposed to compensate for the loss of accuracy without affecting the effect of model lightweight. After the improvement, the model saves 92.26% and 92.10% of the parameters and computation, increasing the inference speed by 9.95 times, while maintaining high object detection accuracy. Compared with other lightweight object detectors, the inference speed of Optimized YOLOv3 is about 1.6 to 2 times faster while maintaining similar detection accuracy; and the detection accuracy is 3 to 6 percentage higher while maintaining similar inference speed.
Conversion of anti-tissue factor antibody sequences to chimeric antigen receptor and bi- specific T cell engager format
Authors: SC Saunderson , Halpin Joshua , Tan Grace , Shrivastava Palak , McLellan Alexander Donald 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
The efficacy of antibody-targeted therapy of solid cancers is limited by the lack of consistent tumour-associated antigen expression. However, tumour associated antigens shared with non-malignant cells may still be targeted using conditionally activated-antibodies or by chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells or CAR NK cells activated either by the tumour microenvironment or following 'unlocking' via multiple antigen-recognition. In this study we have focused on tissue factor (TF; CD142), a type I membrane protein present on a range of solid tumours as a basis for future development of conditionally-activated BiTE or CAR T cells. TF is frequently upregulated on multiple solid tumours providing a selective advantage for growth, immune evasion and metastasis, as well as contributing to the pathology of thrombosis via the extrinsic coagulation pathway.
Methods
Two well-characterised anti-TF monoclonal antibodies hATR-5 and TF8-5G9 maintained their nanomolar affinities following conversion into a single chain (scFv) format. maintained their nanomolar affinities following conversion into a single chain (scFv) format.CD28-CD3-based CAR or CD3-based BiTE format based on the anti-TF mAb scFv constructs were able to activate T cells.
Two well-characterised anti-TF monoclonal antibodies hATR-5 and TF8-5G9 maintained their nanomolar affinities following conversion into a single chain (scFv) format. CD28-CD3-based CAR or CD3-based BiTE format based on the anti-TF mAb scFv constructs were able to activate T cells.
Conclusion
Because of the broad expression of TF on a range of solid cancers, anti-TF antibody formats provide a useful addition for the development of conditionally activated biologics for antibody and cellular-based therapy.
Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of Phosphate Utilization Related Genes (PURs) Reveal Their Roles Involved in Low Phosphate Responses in Brassica napus L
Authors: Shen Yibing , Chen Jiaqi , Liu Haijiang , Zhu Wenyu , Chen Zhuo , Zhang Li , Du Runjie , Wu Zexuan , Liu Shiying , Zhou Sining , Fumin Yuan , Zhao Huiyan , Yin Nengwen , Li Jiana , Qu Cunmin , Du Hai 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: Phosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient for Brassica napus L. growth and development, and is mainly acquired from the soil as phosphate (Pi). However, there is no research on the system analysis of Pi utilization related genes (PURs) in B. napus yet.
Results: In this study, 285 PURs were identified in B. napus genome, including 4 transcription factor (TF) families (83 genes) and 17 structural gene families (202 genes). Subcellular localization analysis showed that the proteins encoded by PURs were mainly located in the nucleus (~46.0%) and cell membrane (~36.5%). Chromosome localization analysis suggested that PURs were unequally distributed on the 19 chromosomes of B. napus, and tended to distribute on the Cn-subgenome (An:131, Cn:149). Collinearity analysis revealed that allopolyploidization and small-scale duplication events resulted in the large expansion of PURs. Expression and functional divergence of PURs may initially occur in the promoter region during evolution due to the lower sequence identity in the promoter than in CDS regions. A total of 362 genes were identified as PURs regulators, belonging to 32 TF families and 56 types of miRNAs. Spatiotemporal expression analysis demonstrated that PURs were widely expressed during the whole developmental stages, and most synteny-gene pairs (76.42%) shared conserved expression patterns. RNA-seq analyses revealed that most PURs were induced by LP stress, and the hub genes were generally the Pi transporter (PHT) family members. qRT-PCR analysis proved that the expression levels of four PURs were positively correlated with the root system architecture of three B. napus varieties under LP supply at the seedling stage.
Conclusion: The 285 PURs were identified from B. napus with strong LP inducible expression profile. Our findings regarding the evolution, transcriptional regulation, and expression of PURs provide valuable information for further functional research.
Genetic association of lipids and lipid-lowering drug targets with the risk of type 1 diabetes and its complications
Authors: Wang Haocheng , Liu Zirui , Yang Zhengkai , Lu Yu , Zou Cao 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To evaluate causal effects of lipid traits and lipid-lowering drug targets on the risk of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and its complications.
Methods
Our study conducted two-sample and drug-target Mendelian randomization (MR) to assess the genetic association of lipid traits and lipid-lowering drug targets with the type 1 diabetes risk, respectively. For significant lipid-modifying drug targets, data for expressions in tissues and colocalization provided extra evidence for causality. We also explored underlying mechanisms through mediation MR.
Results
The two-sample MR analyses detected no causal association between lipid traits and T1D. In the drug-target MR analyses, ANGPTL3 inhibitor was associated with a decreased risk of T1D (OR = 0.668, 95% CI: 0.511–0.874, P = 3.21*10− 3), of which BMI mediated 5.71% of the total effect. This was validated through multiple sensitivity analyses, replication dataset and tissue sample data. Moreover, ANGPTL3 inhibitor was also found to reduce the risk of diabetic kidney diseases. Although HMGCR inhibitor reduced the risk of T1D in the primary dataset, it was not validated in the replication dataset, and HMGCR inhibitor showed adverse effects on diabetic retinopathy and neuropathy.
Conclusion
Circulating lipids are not causally associated with the risk of T1D. ANGPTL3 inhibitor, a novel lipid-lowering drug, may be a promising candidate for treating T1D and its renal complication, with BMI probably mediating part of the effect.
Effects of low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave on bladder and urethral dysfunction in spinal cord injured rats
Authors: Kawase Kota , Kamijo Tadanobu Chuyo , Kusakabe Naohisa , Nakane Keita , Koie Takuya , Miyazato Minoru 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To investigate the effects of low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy (LiESWT) on bladder and urethral dysfunction with detrusor overactivity and detrusor sphincter dyssynergia (DSD) resulting from spinal cord injury (SCI).
Methods
At 3 weeks after Th9 spinal cord transection, LiESWT was performed on the bladder and urethra of adult female Sprague Dawley rats with 300 shots of 2 Hz and an energy flux density of 0.12 mJ/mm2, repeated four times every 3 days, totaling 1,200 shots. Six weeks postoperatively, a single cystometrogram (CMG) and an external urethral sphincter electromyogram (EUS-EMG) were simultaneously recorded in awake animals, followed by histological evaluation.
Results
Voiding efficiency significantly improved in the LiESWT group (71.2%) compared to that in the control group (51.8%). The reduced EUS activity ratio during voiding (duration of reduced EUS activity during voiding/ EUS contraction duration with voiding + duration of reduced EUS activity during voiding) was significantly higher in the LiESWT group (66.9%) compared to the control group (46.3%). Immunohistochemical examination revealed that fibrosis in the urethral muscle layer was reduced, and S-100 stained-positive area, a Schwann cell marker, was significantly increased in the urethra of the LiESWT group.
Conclusion
LiESWT targeting the urethra after SCI can restore the EUS-EMG tonic activity during voiding, thereby partially ameliorating DSD. Therefore, LiESWT is a promising approach for treating bladder and urethral dysfunction following SCI.
LUZP1 regulates the maturation of contractile actomyosin bund­les
Authors: Wang Liang , Tsang Hoi Ying , Yan Ziyi , Tojkander Sari , Ciuba Katarzyna , Kogan Konstantin , Liu Xiaonan , Zhao Hongxia 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Contractile actomyosin bundles play crucial roles in various physiological processes, including cell migration, morphogenesis, and muscle contraction. The intricate assembly of actomyosin bundles involves the precise alignment and fusion of myosin II filaments, yet the underlying mechanisms and factors involved in these processes remain elusive. Our study reveals that LUZP1 plays a central role in orchestrating the maturation of thick actomyosin bundles. Loss of LUZP1 caused abnormal cell morphogenesis, migration, and the ability to exert forces on the environment. Importantly, knockout of LUZP1 results in significant defects in the concatenation and persistent association of myosin II filaments, severely impairing the assembly of myosin II stacks. The disruption of these processes in LUZP1 knockout cells provides mechanistic insights into the defective assembly of thick ventral stress fibers and the associated cellular contractility abnormalities. Overall, these results significantly contribute to our understanding of the molecular mechanism involved in actomyosin bundle formation and highlight the essential role of LUZP1 in this process.