bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of different types of lower body resistance training on arterial compliance and calf blood flow
Authors: Fahs Christopher A. , Rossow Lindy M. , Loenneke Jeremy P. , Thiebaud Robert S. , Kim Daeyeol , Bemben Debra A. , Bemben Michael G. 
Published: September 2011

SummaryLow‐intensity resistance exercise combined with blood flow restriction has been shown to produce comparable increases in muscle strength and hypertrophy as traditional high‐intensity (HI) resistance training. However, the vascular effects of low‐intensity blood flow–restricted (LI‐BFR) exercise training are not well characterized. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the vascular effects of LI‐BFR, moderate‐intensity (MI), and HI resistance exercise training. Forty‐six young men were divided into four groups: a HI, MI or LI‐BFR lower body resistance training group or a non‐exercise control group (C). Blood pressure, arterial compliance and calf vascular conductance (CVC) were assessed before and after the 6‐week intervention. After the intervention, CVC was significantly increased in the three exercise groups combined compared with C (47·5 ± 3·1 versus 35·0 ± 4·5 flow per mmHg) without any changes in arterial compliance in any group. These results suggest HI, MI and LI‐BFR lower body resistance exercises increase CVC, but do not affect arterial compliance. LI‐BFR resistance exercise may be an effective alternative to HI resistance exercise for improving vascular conductance for individuals unable to perform HI resistance exercise. As more evidence concerning the safety and efficacy of LI‐BFR resistance exercise continues to mount, this may provide a research base for prescribing this type of exercise if and/or when this type of exercise becomes more available worldwide.
Reducing the proportion of stillborn babies classified as unexplained in Vietnam by application of the PSANZ clinical practice guideline
Authors: HIRST Jane E. , HA Lieu T.T. , JEFFERY Heather E. 
Published: September 2011

Background:  Over 2.6 million babies are stillborn every year mostly in low‐ and middle‐income countries, where cause of death remains often unexplained.
Aim:  To determine the applicability and utility of the Perinatal Society of Australia and New Zealand (PSANZ) Clinical Practice Guideline (CPG) for Perinatal Mortality in reducing the proportion of unexplained stillbirths in a hospital setting in Vietnam.
Methods:  An analytic cross‐sectional study of stillborn babies born at a major maternity facility in Vietnam. Maternal history, external physical examination of the baby and placental macroscopic examination were performed. Two experienced classifiers independently assigned PSANZ perinatal death classification (PDC). This was compared to cause of death documented in the hospital records.
Results:  107 stillborn babies were born to 105 mothers. The proportion of stillborn babies classified as unexplained was reduced from 52.3 to 24.3% (P < 0.01) using the PSANZ–PDC system. Causes of death were congenital abnormalities (35.6%), hypertension (8.4%), fetal growth restriction (8.4%), specific perinatal conditions (8.4%), spontaneous preterm (6.5%), maternal conditions (5.6%) and antepartum haemorrhage (3.7%).
Conclusions:  Application of the PSANZ–CPG and stillbirth classification system is effective and feasible in a low‐income country facility setting and resulted in a reduction in the number of babies classified as unexplained stillbirth in Vietnam.
Treatment of experimental periodontal disease with antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in nicotine‐modified rats
Authors: Garcia Valdir Gouveia , Fernandes Leandro Araújo , Macarini Valmir Campos , de Almeida Juliano Milanezi , Martins Thiago Marchi , Bosco Alvaro Francisco , Nagata Maria José Hitomi , Cirelli Joni Augusto , Theodoro Letícia Helena 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to compare antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) as an adjunctive treatment to scaling and root planing (SRP) for induced periodontitis in nicotine‐modified rats.Material & MethodsA total of 240 rats were evenly divided into two groups: C – saline solution treatment; N – nicotine treatment. Periodontal disease was induced in both groups at the first mandibular molar. After 7 days, the ligature was removed. All animals were submitted to SRP and were divided according to the following treatments: SRP – irrigation with saline solution; Toluidine Blue‐O (TBO) – irrigation with phenothiazinium dye (100 μg/ml); LLLT – laser irradiation (660 nm; 0.03 W; 4 J); and aPDT – TBO and laser irradiation. Ten animals in each group/treatment were euthanized at 7, 15 and 30 days. The histometric and immunohistochemical values were statistically analysed.ResultsIntragroup analysis demonstrated that in both groups the aPDT treatment resulted in lower bone loss (BL) when compared to SRP in all experimental periods. Intergroup analysis demonstrated that aPDT treatment resulted in lower BL in Group N than in Group C treated with SRP in all experimental periods.ConclusionAntimicrobial photodynamic therapy was an effective adjunctive treatment to SRP for induced periodontitis in nicotine‐modified rats.
Can a clinical decision rule help ductus arteriosus management in preterm neonates?
Authors: Cambonie Gilles , Dupuy Anne‐Marie , Combes Clémentine , Vincenti Marie , Mesnage Renaud , Cristol Jean‐Paul 
Published: September 2011

AbstractAim:  Patent ductus arteriosus (DA) occurs frequently in premature neonates with respiratory distress syndrome. We assessed a combination of clinical, biological and echocardiographic parameters to derive a decision rule for selecting candidates for treatment based on the criteria in use in our unit.Methods:  Hundred and forty neonates with a mean (SD) gestational age of 28 (2.3) weeks and a mean birth weight of 1159 (386) g, all requiring invasive ventilation with FiO2 > 0.3 or catecholamines for severe hypotension, were assessed prospectively using echocardiography in conjunction with N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide (NTpBNP) levels within 24–72 h of birth. Independent predictors of DA treatment were identified with univariate analysis and combined in a clinical decision rule.Results:  Early treatment of significant DA was adopted for 26 (18.6%) neonates. A clinical decision rule suggesting treatment in patients with NTpBNP > 8500 pg/mL, ductal diameter >1.5 mm and, for infants with a birth weight >830 g, left pulmonary artery end‐diastolic velocity >0.20 m/sec showed 88% sensitivity and 94% specificity.Conclusions:  A decision rule using realistic and/or commonly used parameters for significant patent ductus arteriosus assessment could be derived. External validation of this rule is needed before any application.
Number of natural and prosthetic teeth impact nutrient intakes of older adults in the United States
Authors: Bethene Ervin R. , Dye Bruce A. 
Published: September 2011

doi: 10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2011.00546.xNumber of natural and prosthetic teeth impact nutrient intakes of older adults in the United StatesObjective:  To examine the relationship between the number and type of teeth and nutrient intakes in adults, aged 60 years and above, in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2004 using linear regression.Methods:  Four discrete dental status groups were created: complete natural dentition (reference group), incomplete natural dentition, complete mixed (natural and restored) dentition and incomplete mixed dentition. We ran both unadjusted and adjusted models, controlling for age, race/ethnicity, education and smoking status to examine the effect of these covariates on the association between dentition status and nutrient intakes. Separate models were run for men and women.Results:  There were significant associations between dental status and all the examined nutrients for men and for the carotenes and folate for women in the unadjusted model. Only caloric and vitamin C intakes were significant for men, and β‐carotene was significant for women in the adjusted model. For men for kilocalories and women for β‐carotene, those with a complete dentition had higher mean intakes than those with an incomplete dentition, regardless of the tooth type. Among men with an incomplete dentition, those with a mixed dentition had a significantly lower vitamin C intake than those with a natural dentition; there were no significant differences between the natural and mixed complete dentition groups.Conclusions:  Demographic and behavioural variables explained many of the differences seen in nutrient intakes. After controlling for these variables, we found that a numeric threshold of teeth (i.e. a functional dentition) influenced some nutrient intakes while the number and type of teeth present affected other nutrient intakes.
Asparagine‐linked glycosylation of human chymotrypsin C is required for folding and secretion but not for enzyme activity
Authors: Bence Melinda , Sahin‐Tóth Miklós 
Published: September 2011

Human chymotrypsin C (CTRC) plays a protective role in the pancreas by mitigating premature trypsinogen activation through degradation. Mutations that abolish activity or secretion of CTRC increase the risk for chronic pancreatitis. The aim of the present study was to determine whether human CTRC undergoes asparagine‐linked (N‐linked) glycosylation and to examine the role of this modification in CTRC folding and function. We abolished potential sites of N‐linked glycosylation (Asn‐Xaa‐Ser/Thr) in human CTRC by mutating the Asn residues to Ser individually or in combination, expressed the CTRC mutants in HEK 293T cells and determined their glycosylation state using PNGase F and endo H digestion. We found that human CTRC contains a single N‐linked glycan on Asn52. Elimination of N‐glycosylation by mutation of Asn52 (N52S) reduced CTRC secretion about 10‐fold from HEK 293T cells but had no effect on CTRC activity or inhibitor binding. Overexpression of the N52S CTRC mutant elicited endoplasmic reticulum stress in AR42J acinar cells, indicating that N‐glycosylation is required for folding of human CTRC. Despite its important role, Asn52 is poorly conserved in other mammalian CTRC orthologs, including the rat which is monoglycosylated on Asn90. Introduction of the Asn90 site in a non‐glycosylated human CTRC mutant restored full glycosylation but only partially rescued the secretion defect. We conclude that N‐linked glycosylation of human CTRC is required for efficient folding and secretion; however, the N‐linked glycan is unimportant for enzyme activity or inhibitor binding. The position of the N‐linked glycan is critical for optimal folding, and it may vary among the otherwise highly homologous mammalian CTRC sequences.Database Chymotrypsin EC3.4.21.2
Tachyarrhythmia secondary to cardiac metastasis as first presentation of non‐small‐cell lung cancer
Authors: Stroppa Elisa Maria , Malagoli Alessandro , Cavanna Luigi 
Published: September 2011

AbstractWe describe a man who presented at our institution with tachyarrhythmia and dyspnea. Echocardiography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) of the chest performed during hospitalization revealed a mass within the left atrium. A biopsy of the mass showed a non‐small‐cell lung cancer, adenocarcinoma G3. Metastatic involvement of the heart is rare; most cases are asymptomatic and diagnosed only during autopsies. Echocardiography, CT scan and MRI are complementary investigations in the evaluation of cardiac lesions. In the setting of cardiac metastatic cancer, all management is palliative.
Acid production and growth by oral Lactobacillus species in vitro
Authors: Piwat Supatcharin , Teanpaisan Rawee , Dahlén Gunnar , Thitasomakul Songchai , Douglas Charles William Ian 
Published: September 2011

AbstractAim:  To analyze the acid‐producing and growth abilities of different oral Lactobacillus species.Methods:  Thirty‐nine oral clinical strains and type strains of Lactobacillus, representing nine species, including Lactobacillus casei/paracasei, Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus gasseri, Lactobacillus mucosae, Lactobacillus oris, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus salivarius, and Lactobacillus vaginalis were studied. Anaerobically‐grown bacterial cells were inoculated overnight in de Man, Rogosa, and Sharpe broth containing 2% glucose (pH 7.0). Acid production and growth were measured at 0, 1.5, 3, 5, 7, and 24 h.Results:  Lactobacillus salivarius, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus casei/paracasei, and Lactobacillus plantarum grew rapidly and reached an optical density higher than other species. They also produced more acid than the others. Lactobacillus vaginalis showed the lowest rate of growth and acid production. These findings demonstrated that the different species of Lactobacillus showed different abilities to generate acid, allowing the species to be categorized into three groups: strongly, moderately, and weakly acidogenic.Conclusion:  There was variation in acid production and growth between the Lactobacillus species. The strongest acid producers were Lactobacillus salivarius, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Lactobacillus casei/paracasei, respectively. It seems possible that these species might play a more important role in caries development than the others.
UV‐C‐irradiation sublethal stress does not alter antibiotic susceptibility of the viridans group streptococci to β‐lactam, macrolide, and fluoroquinolone antibiotic agents
Authors: Maeda Yasunori , Coulter Wilson A. , Goldsmith Colin E. , Cherie Millar B. , Moore John E. 
Published: September 2011

Abstract Aim:  Previous work has indicated that environmental stresses on bacteria might lead to an upregulation of stress response. LED curing lights (315–400 nm) and other UV lights used in tooth whitening cosmetic procedures might act as stresses. We examined the effect of UV‐C light, as a high‐energy surrogate to the lower‐energy UV‐A light used in such instruments, to examine its effect on the antibiotic susceptibility of viridans group streptococci.Methods:  Twelve species of viridans group streptococci were examined in this study: Streptococcus anginosus, Streptococcus australis, Streptococcus cristatus, Streptococcus gordonii, Streptococcus infantis, Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus parasanguinis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus salivarius, and Streptococcus sanguinis. These organisms were exposed to varying degrees of sublethal UV‐C radiation, and their minimum inhibitory concentration susceptibility was determined by broth dilution assay against three classes of commonly‐used antibiotics: β‐lactams (penicillin), macrolides (erythromycin), and fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin).Results:  There was no significant difference between antibiotic susceptibility before UV‐C exposure and following maximum sublethal stress, prior to cell death due to fatal UV‐C exposure.Conclusions:  Exposure to UV‐C light will not result in altered antibiotic susceptibility patterns on viridans group streptococci. Given that UV‐C is more toxic and mutagenic than UV‐A light, it is unlikely than UV‐A light would yield any difference in response to such exposure.
Efficacy and safety of a new 450 mg/ml florfenicol formulation administered intramuscularly in the treatment of bacterial bovine respiratory disease
Authors: Thiry J. , Rubion S. , Sarasola P. , Bonnier M. , Hartmann M. , de Haas V. 
Published: September 2011

The objective of the study was the safety and efficacy evaluation of a new 450 mg/ml florfenicol formulation in the treatment of naturally occurring respiratory disease when administered intramuscularly, compared with a positive control group treated with the well‐established 300 mg/ml formulation. A total of 174 calves, selected from five sites in France and Spain, aged from 1 to 17 months, showing severe signs of respiratory disease, were randomly assigned to treatment with either the 300 mg/ml (3 ml/45 kg; Nuflor; MSD Animal Health) or 450 mg/ml (2 ml/45 kg; Nuflor Minidose; MSD Animal Health) florfenicol formulation, both administered intramuscularly twice, two days apart. Animals were clinically observed daily for 14 days following treatment initiation. The predominant pathogens present in pretreatment respiratory tract samples were Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida. Mycoplasma bovis and Histophilus somni were also present. All isolates were subjected to in vitro sensitivity testing and found susceptible to florfenicol. In both treatment groups, rectal temperature dropped and clinical index (depression and respiratory signs) significantly improved (P<0.05) after treatment. As a result, 97.7 per cent of the 450 mg/ml florfenicol formulation‐treated animals were considered treatment successes on day 5. On day 14, 67.82 per cent of the animals were classified as treatment successes and among them 63.22 per cent were cured. The intramuscular injection of the new 450 mg/ml florfenicol formulation was found equally efficacious as the original 300 mg/ml formulation.
SIRT1 Is Essential for Oncogenic Signaling by Estrogen/Estrogen Receptor α in Breast Cancer
Authors: Elangovan Selvakumar , Ramachandran Sabarish , Venkatesan Narayanan , Ananth Sudha , Gnana-Prakasam Jaya P. , Martin Pamela M. , Browning Darren D. , Schoenlein Patricia V. , Prasad Puttur D. , Ganapathy Vadivel , Thangaraju Muthusamy 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
The NAD-dependent histone deacetylase silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) is overexpressed and catalytically activated in a number of human cancers, but recent studies have actually suggested that it may function as a tumor suppressor and metastasis inhibitor in vivo. In breast cancer, SIRT1 stabilization has been suggested to contribute to the oncogenic potential of the estrogen receptor α (ERα), but SIRT1 activity has also been associated with ERα deacetylation and inactivation. In this study, we show that SIRT1 is critical for estrogen to promote breast cancer. ERα physically interacted and functionally cooperated with SIRT1 in breast cancer cells. ERα also bound to the promoter for SIRT1 and increased its transcription. SIRT1 expression induced by ERα was sufficient to activate antioxidant and prosurvival genes in breast cancer cells, such as catalase and glutathione peroxidase, and to inactivate tumor suppressor genes such as cyclin G2 (CCNG2) and p53. Moreover, SIRT1 inactivation eliminated estrogen/ERα-induced cell growth and tumor development, triggering apoptosis. Taken together, these results indicated that SIRT1 is required for estrogen-induced breast cancer growth. Our findings imply that the combination of SIRT1 inhibitors and antiestrogen compounds may offer more effective treatment strategies for breast cancer. Cancer Res; 71(21); 6654–64. ©2011 AACR.
Direct Effect of Rituximab in B-Cell–Derived Lymphoid Neoplasias: Mechanism, Regulation, and Perspectives
Authors: Bezombes Christine , Fournié Jean-Jacques , Laurent Guy 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
The anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab is the backbone of treatment for the B-cell malignancies non-Hodgkin lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. However, there is a wide variability in response to rituximab treatment, and some patients are refractory to current standard therapies. Rituximab kills B cells by multiple mechanisms of action, including complement-dependent cytotoxicity and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, which are immune-mediated mechanisms, as well as by direct effects on cell signaling pathways and cell membranes following CD20 binding. A large number of events that are affected by rituximab binding have been identified, including lipid raft modifications, kinase and caspase activation, and effects on transcription factors and apoptotic/antiapoptotic molecules. Studies on cell lines and isolated tumor cells have shown that by targeting these pathways, it may be possible to increase or decrease susceptibility to rituximab cell killing. An increased understanding of the direct effects of rituximab may therefore aid in the design of new, rational combinations to improve the outcome of CD20-based therapy for patients who currently have suboptimal outcome following standard treatments. Mol Cancer Res; 9(11); 1435–42. ©2011 AACR.
p16INK4a Expression and Breast Cancer Risk in Women with Atypical Hyperplasia
Authors: Radisky Derek C. , Santisteban Marta , Berman Hal K. , Gauthier Mona L. , Frost Marlene H. , Reynolds Carol A. , Vierkant Robert A. , Pankratz V. Shane , Visscher Daniel W. , Tlsty Thea D. , Hartmann Lynn C. 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
p16, a nuclear protein encoded by the p16INK4a gene, is a regulator of cell-cycle regulation. Previous studies have shown that expression of p16 in tissue biopsies of patients with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is associated with increased risk of breast cancer, particularly when considered in combination with other markers such as Ki-67 and COX-2. Here, we evaluated how expression of p16 in breast tissue biopsies of women with atypical hyperplasia (AH), a putative precursor lesion to DCIS, is associated with subsequent development of cancer. p16 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in archival sections from 233 women with AH diagnosed at the Mayo Clinic. p16 expression in the atypical lesions was scored by percentage of positive cells and intensity of staining. We also studied coexpression of p16, with Ki-67 and COX-2, biomarkers of progression in AH. Risk factor and follow-up data were obtained via study questionnaire and medical records. Forty-seven patients (20%) developed breast cancer with a median follow-up of 14.5 years. Staining of p16 was increased in older patients relative to younger patients (P = 0.0025). Although risk of developing breast cancer was not associated with increased p16 expression, joint overexpression of Ki-67 and COX-2 was found to convey stronger risk of breast cancer in the first 10 years after diagnosis as compared with one negative marker (P &lt; 0.01). However, the addition of p16 levels did not strengthen this association. p16 overexpression, either alone or in combination with COX-2 and Ki-67, does not significantly stratify breast cancer risk in women with AH. Cancer Prev Res; 4(12); 1953–60. ©2011 AACR.