bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐speed multicolor microscopy of repeating dynamic processes
Authors: Ohn Jungho , Yang Jennifer , Fraser Scott E. , Lansford Rusty , Liebling Michael 
Published: June 2011

AbstractImages of multiply labeled fluorescent samples provide unique insights into the localization of molecules, cells, and tissues. The ability to image multiple channels simultaneously at high speed without cross talk is limited to a few colors and requires dedicated multichannel or multispectral detection procedures. Simpler microscopes, in which each color is imaged sequentially, produce a much lower frame rate. Here, we describe a technique to image, at high frame rate, multiply labeled samples that have a repeating motion. We capture images in a single channel at a time over one full occurrence of the motion then repeat acquisition for other channels over subsequent occurrences. We finally build a high‐speed multichannel image sequence by combining the images after applying a normalized mutual information‐based time registration procedure. We show that this technique is amenable to image the beating heart of a double‐labeled embryonic quail in three channels (brightfield, yellow, and mCherry fluorescent proteins) using a fluorescence wide‐field microscope equipped with a single monochrome camera and without fast channel switching optics. We experimentally evaluate the accuracy of our method on image series from a two‐channel confocal microscope. genesis 49:514–521, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ecohydrological niche of sagebrush ecosystems
Authors: Schlaepfer Daniel R. , Lauenroth William K. , Bradford John B. 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACTSpatial and temporal patterns of soil water are major determinants of net primary production and plant functional composition in arid and semiarid ecosystems which cover approximately 30% of global land area. The ‘ecohydrological niche’ defines the components of species' niche that are described by the relationship between ecohydrological conditions and species occurrence. We modelled the ecohydrological niche of different sagebrush ecosystems types, which are widespread in the semiarid western United States, and identified characteristics, which, if altered, will potentially lead to changes in their geographic distribution. We ran a daily soil water simulation model, SOILWAT, to simulate the water balance in space and time for sites from across the geographic range of sagebrush ecosystems. Additionally, to evaluate the relative importance of weather type, soil texture, soil depth, vegetation biomass, and phenology, we performed a sensitivity analysis using output from SOILWAT. Our results demonstrated that soil water dynamics in sagebrush ecosystems are characterized by spring recharge followed by a dry period (timing dependent on ecosystem type), where top soil layers dry earlier and more completely than the bottom layers. Most response variables were strongly influenced by weather type, followed by phenology of biomass, and soil depth. Reducing the availability of deep soil water during summer dry periods by increasing evaporative demand or reducing spring recharge will potentially lead to shifts in the range of sagebrush ecosystems. Characterizing the ecohydrological niche will be essential for improving our understanding of how semiarid ecosystems will be affected by future climate and biological invasions. Published in 2011. This article is a US Government work and is in the publish domain in the USA.
Discotic Nickel Bis(dithiolene) Complexes – Synthesis, Optoelectrochemical and Mesomorphic Properties (Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 17/2011)
Authors: Bui Thanh‐Tuan , Thiebaut Olivier , Grelet Eric , Achard Marie‐France , Garreau‐de Bonneval Bénédicte , Moineau‐Chane Ching Kathleen I. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe cover picture shows nickel bis‐dithiolene compounds in which different lengths of alkyl chains are grafted on the periphery of the octa‐substituted core molecule. The synthesis affords a mixture that was analyzed by X‐ray diffraction. The obtained X‐ray pattern at 70 °C is presented on background and is relative to a hexagonal columnar liquid‐crystalline phase. Such a pattern is not observed on the corresponding pure isolated compounds. Details are discussed in the article by B. Garreau‐de Bonneval, K. I. Moineau‐Chane Ching et al. On p. 2663 ff. The authors thank the French National Research Agency (ANR) for supporting this work.
Fear and uncertainty in the face of death: The role of life after death in group identification
Authors: Hohman Zachary P. , Hogg Michael A. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractTerror management theory argues that mortality‐induced terror motivates group identification. Uncertainty–identity theory argues that uncertainty about what happens after death motivates group identification. Two experiments were conducted to test the latter reasoning. In Experiment 1 (n = 187), mortality salience was manipulated, and uncertainty about the afterlife was measured to predict national identification. As hypothesized, mortality salience strengthened identification only among those who were uncertain about the afterlife. In Experiment 2 (n = 177), mortality salience was manipulated as before, but belief in an afterlife was also manipulated—participants were primed to believe that there was an afterlife, there was not an afterlife, or the existence of an afterlife was uncertain. As in Experiment 1, mortality salience strengthened identification only among those who were existentially uncertain. These experiments show that uncertainty plays a significant role in reactions to mortality salience, and support uncertainty–identity theory's analysis of the role of self‐uncertainty in ideological conviction and group behavior. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fluorescence optical spectrally resolved sensor based on molecularly imprinted polymers and microfluidics
Authors: Harz Stephanie , Schimmelpfennig Michael , Tse Sum Bui Bernadette , Marchyk Nataliya , Haupt Karsten , Feller Karl‐Heinz 
Published: June 2011

AbstractMolecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are synthetic receptors that can be synthesized for a variety of target molecules. One of their possible applications is in chemical sensors. In this article, a microfluidic measurement setup with immobilized MIPs with fluorescence detection is described. Fluorescence measurements were performed on MIP films specific for the fluorescence‐labeled amino acid dansyl‐L‐phenylalanine. A conventional imprinting protocol with noncovalent interactions between the functional monomers and the template was used. We present the immobilization of the polymers on quartz substrates to form homogenous and stable films over at least six cycles of measurement and regeneration, and their use for microfluidic measurements in a spectrofluorometer. Furthermore, the design and buildup for a reproducible fluorescence measuring system is described. With this system, concentrations of 0.5 μM of dansyl‐L‐phenylalanine could be detected with 3 sigma certainty which is 50 times more sensitive compared with the detection of dansyl‐L‐phenylalanine without MIPs under the same conditions. The binding kinetics indicates that binding is completed after 30 min. Our results show that MIP films in combination with fluorescence detection and microfluidic devices can be a very sensitive tool for the detection of biologically relevant analytes.
Reduced‐order modeling based on POD of a parabolized Navier–Stokes equation model I: forward model
Authors: Du J. , Navon I.M. , Steward J.L. , Alekseev A.K. , Luo Z. 
Published: June 2011

SUMMARYA proper orthogonal decomposition (POD)‐based reduced‐order model of the parabolized Navier–Stokes (PNS) equations is derived in this article. A space‐marching finite difference method with time relaxation is used to obtain the solution of this problem, from which snapshots are obtained to generate the POD basis functions used to construct the reduced‐order model. In order to improve the accuracy and the stability of the reduced‐order model in the presence of a high Reynolds number, we applied a Sobolev H1 norm calibration to the POD construction process. Finally, some numerical tests with a high‐fidelity model as well as the POD reduced‐order model were carried out to demonstrate the efficiency and the accuracy of the reduced‐order model for solving the PNS equations compared with the full PNS model. Different inflow conditions and different selections of snapshots were experimented to test the POD reduction technique. The efficiency of the H1 norm POD calibration is illustrated for the PNS model with increasingly higher Reynolds numbers, along with the optimal dissipation coefficient derivation, yielding the best root mean square error and correlation coefficient between the full and reduced‐order PNS models. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Does the price of crude oil respond to macroeconomic news?
Authors: Chatrath Arjun , Miao Hong , Ramchander Sanjay 
Published: June 2011

AbstractIn a recent study, Kilian L. and Vega C. (2011) indicate that the daily price of crude oil is mostly unresponsive to macroeconomic news, and at times exhibits response‐coefficients that are counterintuitive. The authors conclude that the price of crude oil is predetermined to macro aggregates, and hence determined in a flow demand/supply framework. We make the argument that inferences on commodity price determination should be drawn from news responses only after the standard tests are subject to inventory (or stock) controls. Using daily and intraday price data and proxies for inventory levels, we reexamine the responsiveness of crude prices to macroeconomic news. Our evidence suggests a very limited role for stock levels in the responsiveness of crude oil. The prior conclusion that crude oil is priced primarily in a flow‐environment is supported by our data. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 32:536–559, 2012
Molecular characterization of 9p21 deletions shows a minimal common deleted region removing CDKN2A exon 1 and CDKN2B exon 2 in diffuse large b‐cell lymphomas
Authors: Guney Suzan , Bertrand Philippe , Jardin Fabrice , Ruminy Philippe , Pierre Kerckaert Jean , Tilly Hervé , Bastard Christian 
Published: June 2011

AbstractDiffuse large B cell lymphoma represent the most frequent subtype of non Hodgkin's lymphoma, accounting for 30–40% of cases. Several studies have shown that CDKN2A and CDKN2B deletions are frequent in these lymphomas. These genes encode the P14ARF, CDKN2A, and CDKN2B proteins which play a key role in the control of the G1/S transition of the cell cycle. Using array CGH and a quantitative multiplex PCR method, we have previously identified such deletions in 36% of cases at diagnosis. Using a walking strategy to approach the breakpoints of these deletions we could identify the breakpoints junction of thirteen deletions in 11 patients and of two unbalanced translocation leading to a loss of these genes. A minimal common deleted region of 22.4 kb containing exon 1β of CDKN2A encoding P14ARF and exon 2 of CDKN2B encoding CDKN2B was present in all cases but one. Analysis by quantitative RT PCR showed that the expression level of these genes was decreased in these patients as compared with non deleted cases and that this level was correlated with the deletion status of P14ARF, CDKN2A, and CDKN2B. Analysis of the breakpoint sequences showed that some of them were clustered within a few hundred base‐pairs suggesting, even if we failed to identify any clear recombination prone sequences, that in these deletions the rearrangement results from non‐random mechanisms. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification and fluorescence in situ hybridization to detect chromosomal abnormalities in Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: A comparative study
Authors: Fabris Sonia , Scarciolla Oronzo , Morabito Fortunato , Cifarelli Rosa Anna , Dininno Caterina , Cutrona Giovanna , Matis Serena , Recchia Anna Grazia , Gentile Massimo , Ciceri Gabriella , Ferrarini Manlio , Ciancio Angela , Mannarella Clara , Neri Antonino , Fragasso Alberto 
Published: June 2011

AbstractChronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a clinically heterogeneous disease characterized by recurrent chromosomal aberrations of prognostic significance. We aimed to evaluate the potential of the multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification (MLPA) assay to detect genomic alterations in CLL. Highly purified (>90%) peripheral mononuclear CD19+ cell populations from 100 untreated CLL patients (pts) in early stage disease (Binet stage A) were included in this study. All samples were investigated by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for the presence of trisomy 12 and 17p13.1, 11q22.3, and 13q14.3 deletions. For MPLA analysis, DNA was amplified by means of two commercially available probes sets allowing the simultaneous screening of 56 genomic sequences. Overall, a high degree of concordance (95%) between MPLA and FISH results was found, if the abnormal clone was present in more than 30% of the leukemic cell population. The use of multiple MPLA probes allowed the fine‐mapping of the 13q14 deletion and the identification of intragenic or small alterations undetected by FISH. Moreover, additional alterations in 2p24 (MYCN) (3 pts), 8q24 (MYC) (1 pt), 9p21 (CDKN2A2B) (1 pt), 1q21 (LMNA) (1 pt), and 6q25‐26 (1 pt) regions not covered by a standard FISH assay were detected and all confirmed by FISH. Our data extend previously limited evidence that MLPA may represent a useful technique for the characterization of well‐known lesions as well as the investigation of additional genomic changes in CLL. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Contributions to the understanding of time dependent behaviour in deep tunnels / Beiträge zum Verständnis des zeitabhängigen Verhaltens von Tunneln unter hoher Überlagerung
Authors: Barla Giovanni 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThis paper deals with the time dependent behaviour and the excavation of deep tunnels in weak rocks. Recent contributions to the formulation of a constitutive model for representing such a behaviour, advanced laboratory testing for parameters identification, and design analysis methods for use in engineering practice are discussed. The Stress Hardening ELasto VIscous Plastic constitutive model (SHELVIP), developed with the intent to analyse the rock mass behaviour of tunnels excavated in severely squeezing conditions in a relatively simple, but complete manner, is presented. Then, an innovative servo controlled triaxial apparatus (HPTA), designed and developed for testing weak rocks, with unconventional features such as accurate measurement systems, advanced mechanical set up, and a relatively high stress working range, both in terms of confining pressure, back pressure and axial load, is presented. Finally, consideration is given to numerical modelling of a tunnel excavated in a severely squeezing rock mass (the Carboniferous Formation along the Lyon‐Turin Base Tunnel), where the excavation process has been closely simulated in axisymmetric conditions, and the SHELVIP constitutive model has been introduced. Numerical results are discussed and compared with in situ measurements, in terms of tunnel convergence and stresses in the lining.Dieser Beitrag befasst sich mit dem zeitabhängigen Verhalten und dem Bau von tiefen Tunneln im schwachen Gebirge. Ein kürzlich formuliertes Stoffgesetz, das dieses Verhalten abbildet, fortschrittliche Laborversuchsprozeduren zur Parameteridentifikation und Methoden zur Vorhersage des Systemverhaltens werden diskutiert. Zuerst wird das Stress Hardening ELasto VIscous Plastic (SHELVIP) Stoffgesetz vorgestellt, das mit der Absicht entwickelt wurde, das Gebirgsverhalten von Tunneln in extrem druckhaften Verhältnissen auf eine relativ einfache, aber vollständige Weise zu analysieren. Anschließend wird ein innovativer servo‐kontrollierter Triaxialversuchsaufbau, der für Versuche an schwachen Gesteinen entworfen und entwickelt wurde, dargestellt. Der Versuchsaufbau hat unkonventionelle Eigenschaften: Eine relativ breite Variation des Seitendrucks, des Porenwasserdrucks und der Axialspannung ist möglich. Abschließend wird ein praktisches Anwendungsbeispiel der numerischen Analyse bei extrem druckhaften Verhältnissen (Karbonformation im Saint Martin La Porte Zugangsstollen zum Basistunnel Lyon‐Turin) gezeigt. Darin wurde der Ausbruchsprozess in einem axialsymmetrischen Modell genau simuliert, unter gleichzeitigem Einsatz des SHELLVIP‐Stoffgesetzes. Die Resultate der numerischen Simulation werden diskutiert und mit den Verschiebungsmessdaten hinsichtlich auftretender Tunnelkonvergenzen und Spannungen im Ausbau verglichen.
Metabolism of thalidomide by human liver microsome cytochrome CYP2C19 is required for its antimyeloma and antiangiogenic activities in vitro
Authors: Li Yonghua , Jiang Zujun , Xiao Yang , Li Li , Gao Yang 
Published: June 2011

AbstractIn this study, we used a system of human liver microsomes to investigate the antimyeloma and antiangiogenic activities of thalidomide. Myeloma cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with thalidomide alone or thalidomide incubated with human liver microsomal protein. We found that thalidomide alone had no direct effect on several multiple myeloma cell lines (U266, NCI‐H929, RPMI 8226, LP‐1, CZ‐1) or on HUVECs in vitro. However, when incubated with human liver microsomal protein, thalidomide (100 µg/ml) caused a decrease of 34.9–46.7% in cell viability in myeloma cells and 12% in HUVECs. Cell cycle analysis and apoptosis detection indicated that the decreases in cell viability were correlated with the induction of apoptosis. Thalidomide incubated with microsomal protein also influenced HUVEC migration and tube formation. These effects were partially reversed by omeprazole (10 µmol/l), a potent inhibitor of CYP2C19, suggesting that CYP2C19 is required for thalidomide to exhibit its antimyeloma and antiangiogenic activities. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The road to recovery: Egypt's healthcare reform
Authors: Haley Donald Robert , Bég Sama A. 
Published: June 2011

SUMMARYAs many industrial and third‐world countries recover from the severe economic crisis of a global recession, they continue to struggle with its negative effect on their healthcare systems. Healthcare reform has become a leading policy agenda item for most countries. This is especially true for countries in the developing world who are struggling to allocate very limited resources to meet the growing health needs of their residents and the expectations of global health. In the late 1990s, the Egyptian government, in conjunction with the United States Agency for International Development, initiated a Health Sector Reform Program (HSRP) to completely reform the way healthcare was financed, organized and delivered with the intent to extend healthcare coverage to all of its citizens. Although some successes have resulted from the HSRP, Egypt's new government leaders will need to be informed on policies that may more effectively improve the health of the Egyptian population. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparing the cost of community pharmacy and mail‐order pharmacy in a US retirement system
Authors: Visaria Jay , Seoane‐Vazquez Enrique , Szeinbach Sheryl L. , Rodriguez‐Monguio Rosa 
Published: June 2011

SUMMARYAlthough community pharmacies have been the mainstay for drug distribution in the USA, plan members are encouraged to use mail‐order pharmacies as a cost‐containment strategy. Both channels differ with respect to reimbursement rates, utilization, and costs. We evaluated the differences in reimbursement rates and in ingredient costs between the two dispensing channels.We used pharmacy claims from a large Midwestern retirement system for the period 2000–2005. A representative sample of drug products was selected. We estimated the aggregated gross reimbursement, the ingredient cost, dispensing fee, pharmacy incentives for drug substitution, professional fee for other services, sales tax, and reimbursement per payer.The sample contained 1964 observations—four million claims. There were 58.5% observations for single source brands and 39.0% for generics. Observations with lower unit gross reimbursement rate in community pharmacy increased from 10.3% to 16.5%. Unit ingredient cost and dispensing fees were higher in community pharmacy than in mail‐order pharmacy. Community pharmacy had a lower reimbursement rate per unit of medication (33.5–44.6% observations) compared with mail‐order pharmacy. There were 87.3–98.1% observations with a higher patient co‐financing per unit of medication in community pharmacy.Gross pharmaceutical reimbursement rates and unit ingredient costs were higher in community pharmacy than in mail‐order pharmacy; but in more than 10% of the observations, the costs were higher in mail‐order pharmacy than in community pharmacy. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A multilevel model of patient safety culture: cross‐level relationship between organizational culture and patient safety behavior in Taiwan's hospitals
Authors: Chen I‐Chi , Ng Hui‐Fuang , Li Hung‐Hui 
Published: June 2011

SUMMARYBackgroundAs health‐care organizations endeavor to improve their quality of care, there is a growing recognition of the importance of establishing a culture of patient safety. The main objective of this study was to investigate the cross‐level influences of organizational culture on patient safety behavior in Taiwan's hospitals.MethodsThe authors measured organizational culture (bureaucratic, supportive and innovative culture), patient safety culture and behavior from 788 hospital workers among 42 hospitals in Taiwan. Multilevel analysis was applied to explore the relationship between organizational culture (group level) and patient safety behavior (individual level).ResultsPatient safety culture had positive impact on patient safety behavior in Taiwan's hospitals. The results also indicated that bureaucratic, innovative and supportive organizational cultures all had direct influence on patient safety behavior. However, only supportive culture demonstrated significant moderation effect on the relationship between patient safety culture and patient safety behavior. Furthermore, organizational culture strength was shown correlated negatively with patient safety culture variability.ConclusionsOverall, organizational culture plays an important role in patient safety activities. Safety behaviors of hospital staff are partly influenced by the prevailing cultural norms in their organizations and work groups. For management implications, constructed patient priority from management commitment to leadership is necessary. For academic implications, research on patient safety should consider leadership, group dynamics and organizational learning. These factors are important for understanding the barriers and the possibilities embedded in patient safety. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.