bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Process‐Dependent Variations in the Proliferation of Myoblasts, Fibroblasts and Chondrocytes on Laser‐Sintered Polypropylene
Authors: Detsch R. , Schlicht S. , Nawaz Q. , Boccaccini A. R. , Drummer D. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAdditively manufactured polyolefins find broad applications in medical engineering, enabling the manufacturing of patient‐specific geometries. For investigating the influence of processing conditions of laser sintered locally macroporous polypropylene substrates, the response of myoblasts, chondrocytes, and fibroblasts has been characterized in this study. An influence of the applied manufacturing parameters on the attachment and viability of the investigated cells is observed, showing the effect of the superficial pore topology on the attachment and the spreading of cells. The viability and attachment of fibroblasts and chondrocytes could be improved by reducing the thermal exposure during the processing step of the dense base part, associated with increased superficial porosity and the corresponding increase of the surface area. The applied additive manufacturing process of macroporous structures influences emerging cell morphologies, leading to an extended morphological expression of chondrocytes and the overgrowth of small pores by fibroblasts. This indicates an improvement in superficial cell adhesion due to larger pores. These findings indicate the significance of the processing conditions in laser sintering of polypropylene on the cell response through the optimization of processing parameters and the attachment of an open‐cell pore structure.
Metal Dimers‐Doped h‐BN Structures as Novel Toxic Gases Sensors With Enhanced Sensitivity Properties: An ADFT Study
Authors: Cruz‐Martínez H. , Rojas‐Chávez H. , Santiago‐Silva L. , López‐Sosa L. , Calaminici P. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTToxic gases monitoring and detection are fundamental to lessening public health problems. Therefore, in this work, to explore emergent sensor materials, 3d‐metal dimers‐doped hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) structures were investigated employing auxiliary density functional theory (ADFT) as novel CO and NO gas sensors. Firstly, the stabilities of Co2, Ni2, and Cu2 dimers deposited on defective h‐BN were determined. Then, sensitivities of 3d‐metal dimers‐doped h‐BN structures towards the NO and CO gases were investigated. It was found that the interaction energies of these 3d‐metal dimers embedded on defective h‐BN are higher than those deposited on pristine h‐BN structure, which indicates that the 3d‐metal dimers exhibit good stability on defective h‐BN. Moreover, this work demonstrated that the CO and NO adsorption energies on 3d‐metal dimers‐doped h‐BN structures are higher than those computed in the literature for pristine h‐BN structure. Consequently, the here considered 3d‐metal dimers‐doped h‐BN structures can be good candidates for toxic CO and NO gas detection.
Interventions to Reduce Food and Nutrition Insecurity Among Dental Students
Authors: Touger‐Decker Riva , Sabato Emily , Singer Steven R. , Zelig Rena , Toth Steven , Marshall Teresa , Sackey Joachim 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTPurpose/ObjectiveThe prevalence of food insecurity (FI) on university campuses is increasing. This study explored the prevalence of food and nutrition insecurity (NI) among dental students and barriers and interventions to address them.MethodsA cross‐sectional web‐based survey was conducted. Validated tools were used to assess FI and NI. Univariate binary logistic regressions and a multivariable logistic regression model identified factors independently associated with FI.ResultsThe response rate was 11.9% (n = 67). The mean age was 28.4 years; 67% were D1/D2 students; 53.7% were female, 15.2% identified as Hispanic, and 50.7% as White. Forty percent experienced FI; 24.2% had low nutrition security (NS), and 26.9% reported partial or full responsibility for others' living expenses. Twenty‐four percent were married, 25.8% used a food pantry; 11.1% had unsuccessfully applied for Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program benefits. In the adjusted model, low NS, nonmarried status, and food pantry use increased the likelihood of FI (odds ratios of 16.854, 10.182, and 9.123, respectively). Common barriers and potential interventions to address FI and NI were explored.ConclusionsThe prevalence of FI in this sample was greater than the national average. Those who were unmarried, had low NS, and used a food pantry were significantly more likely to have FI. Proposed interventions include student services enhancements and curriculum modifications on nutrition and wellness. Further research is necessary with a larger sample to understand factors contributing to NI and FI among dental students.
Responses to Hypoxia and Hyperoxia in Embryonic Tiger Keelbacks (Rhabdophis tigrinus lateralis; Colubridae)
Authors: Li Xiang‐Mo , Su Shan , Zhang Lu‐Wen , Wu Yan‐Qing , Ji Xiang 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTStudies examining the oxygen dependency of embryonic survival, growth, and differentiation have been conducted for decades in a diverse array of animal taxa but including only one oviparous snake, the viperine water snake Natrix maura. Here, we describe a study incubating eggs of the tiger keelback Rhabdophis tigrinus lateralis (Colubridae) under four oxygen conditions, hypoxia (7% and 11% O2), normoxia (21% O2), and hyperoxia (31% O2), for different lengths or at different stages of incubation. The length of hypoxic exposure is important in affecting embryonic development in R. t. lateralis, with prolonged hypoxic exposure retarding embryonic growth and differentiation, increasing embryonic mortality and deformity, reducing hatchling size and mass, and altering hatchling body shape relative to normoxic controls. Embryonic tiger keelbacks are most susceptible to hypoxia late in development, as revealed by the fact that a 5‐day exposure of eggs to hypoxia of 7% O2 reduced embryo mass and hatchling mass if it occurred at late stages of incubation. Hyperoxia of 31% O2 did not enhance development of R. t. lateralis embryos, only affecting hatchling head width, which slightly differed between hyperoxic hatchlings and their normoxic siblings. This study demonstrates the importance of avoiding hypoxic exposure at late stages of embryonic development in snakes.
Intramedullary erythrophagocytosis in myelodysplastic syndrome with heterozygous U2AF1 Q157R variant
Authors: Krishnamurthy Kritika , Shastri Aditi , Wang Yanhua 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis report highlights a somewhat unique case of U2AF1 mutated myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) with morphological evidence of increased intramedullary erythrophagocytosis, in the absence of obvious clinical signs of hemolysis. These findings merit investigation in a larger cohort of U2AF1 mutated MDS cases to further delineate the morphological spectrum of ineffective intramedullary hematopoiesis and nonimmune hemolysis, including features distinctive to S34 and Q157 variants.
Therapeutic Versus Non‐Therapeutic Dose Anticoagulation in COVID‐19 Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials
Authors: Selvarajan Sushil , John Jisha Sara , Tharyan Prathap , Kirubakaran Richard , Singh Bhagteshwar , George Biju , Mathew Joseph L. , Rupali Priscilla 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundAbnormal coagulation and thrombotic complications prompted many guidelines to recommend thromboprophylaxis for patients hospitalised with COVID‐19, but the dose required for prophylaxis remains unclear. This systematic review (SR) analyses the safety and efficacy of therapeutic dose anticoagulation (TDA) versus non‐therapeutic dose anticoagulation (NDA) in COVID‐19 patients.MethodsAccording to the Cochrane Handbook of Systematic Review of Interventions, we performed an SR. The protocol is registered in Prospero (CRD42021269197, date 12 August 2021).ResultsIn this SR of 18 studies, TDA was shown to reduce all‐cause mortality (risk ratio [RR] 0.83; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.70, 0.99) in COVID‐19 infection. TDA also reduced thrombosis (RR 0.55; 95% CI 0.48, 0.72) but increased major bleeding (RR 1.87; 95% CI 1.29, 2.69). A stratified analysis according to severity revealed that, in non‐critical patients, TDA resulted in mortality benefit (RR 0.79; 95% CI 0.67, 0.94). In critical patients, TDA did not affect all‐cause mortality (RR 1.03; 95% CI 0.89, 1.18) but reduced thrombosis (RR 0.65; 95% CI 0.48, 0.86) and increased major bleeding (RR 1.85; 95% CI 1.06, 3.23).ConclusionTDA significantly reduced all‐cause mortality and thrombosis in non‐critical COVID‐19 patients at the expense of increased major bleeding. In critical COVID‐19, this mortality benefit was not observed.
Methodological progress note: Longitudinal qualitative research and applications to hospital medicine
Authors: Orr Andrew R. , Balmer Dorene F. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractLongitudinal qualitative research (LQR) is an emerging methodology in healthcare and health professions education research that focuses on change in complex, dynamic transitions, and processes as that change unfolds. This approach allows for in‐depth exploration of personal and professional transitions, developmental processes, and evolution in how individuals make sense of experiences and events. In this Methodological Progress Note, we define the key features of LQR, distinguish LQR from other qualitative methodologies, and present a case for longitudinal qualitative work to offer a lens of time that might illuminate gaps in the field of hospital medicine.
RSV‐Bacterial Co‐Infection Is Associated With Increased Illness Severity in Hospitalized Children ‐ Results From a Prospective Sentinel Surveillance Study
Authors: Torres Ana Rita , Gaio Vânia , Melo Aryse , Lança Miguel , Barreto Marta , Gomes Licínia , Azevedo Inês , Bandeira Teresa , Lito David , Guiomar Raquel , Rodrigues Ana Paula ,   VigiRSV group
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTDuring the autumn/winter respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) epidemics, bacterial co‐infection is common and affects the disease severity. We aimed to understand the relationship between RSV‐bacterial co‐infections and clinical severity since the RSV seasonality change after COVID‐19 pandemic. We conducted a prospective, sentinel surveillance study at 20 sites in Portugal in children under 2 years hospitalized with RSV, between April 21 and January 23. Effect of co‐infection with potentially pathogenic bacteria (PPB) on the length of hospitalization and disease severity was investigated using multivariate linear and log‐binomial regression models. Among 678 RSV hospitalizations, 67.4% occurred in children under 6 months and 15.3% in preterm; 20.4% tested positive for PPB; median length of hospitalization was 5 days (IQR: 3–7days). Children coinfected with PPB had a higher rate of ICU admission (29.7% vs. 3.5%, p < 0.001), resulting in more prolonged hospitalizations (7 vs. 5 days, p < 0.001) and a 13‐fold risk of having severe disease (RR: 13.2, 95% CI:7.3–23.9). RSV‐bacterial co‐infection was associated with increased length of hospitalization and severe illness during off‐season epidemics. This risk is probably overestimated, as laboratory testing for bacterial infections is usually higher in severely ill‐appearing children. Measures to prevent outgrowth of pathogenic bacteria within the respiratory tract should be discussed.
The Novel Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus Type‐1 (HSV‐1) Vaccine Strain VC2 Constitutively Expressing GM‐CSF Causes Increased Intratumoral T Cell Infiltration and Inhibition of Tumor Metastasis in the 4T1/Balb/c Mouse Model of Stage Four Breast Cancer
Authors: Nabi Rafiq , Chouljenko Vladimir N. , Musarrat Farhana , Davis Megan E. , Mohan Harikrishnan , Ghavimi Reza , Stanfield Brent , Dutta Ojasvi , Kousoulas Konstantin G. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTOncolytic virotherapy (OVT) aims to disrupt the tumor microenvironment and provide a unique therapeutic approach against solid tumors. Herpes simplex virus type‐1 (HSV‐1) has shown strong promise for treating various solid tumors and has been approved to treat melanoma and glioma in human patients. Previously, we reported the generation of an engineered HSV‐1 vaccine strain VC2, which has shown exceptional promise as an oncolytic and immunotherapeutic virus. In the present work, we engineered VC2 to constitutively express the murine granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (GM‐CSF) gene inserted in place of HSV‐1 Glycoprotein C (gC). We tested the efficacy of VC2‐GMCSF for its ability to generate antitumor response in the 4T1 stage four metastatic breast cancer mouse model. GM‐CSF expression enhanced VC2 viral replication and infectious virus production. Tumors formed after 7 days of engraftment in the mammary fat pad of Balb/CJ mice were treated by injecting ~5 × 104 plaque forming units (PFU) of VC2/VC2‐GMCSF once. Intratumor treatment did not appreciably reduce average primary tumor sizes. However, metastatic foci were significantly reduced in mice lungs treated with VC2‐GMCSF compared to VC2 or mock treatment. VC2‐GMCSF intratumoral treatment induced a stronger intratumor T cell infiltration but not an increased cytotoxic activity. A significant T cell infiltration was observed in the metastatic areas in VC2‐GMCSF treated animals, which was associated with reduced pro‐tumor marker PDL1 and VEGF gene expression. These results show that constitutive expression of GM‐CSF enhanced the overall efficacy of VC2 for OVT. VC2‐GMCSF holds promise as oncolytic and immunotherapeutic virotherapy for breast and other cancers.
Systematic Reevaluation of Repurposed Drugs Against the Main Protease of SARS‐CoV‐2 via Combined Experiments
Authors: Ye Jiankai , Zhang Rui , Zhou Jiahao , Xu Tao , Liu Xiaoping , Chen Yunyu 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe main protease (Mpro) of SARS‐CoV‐2 is an attractive drug target for antivirals, as this enzyme plays a key role in virus replication. Drug repurposing is a promising option for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). Recently, a number of FDA‐approved drugs have been identified as Mpro inhibitors, but stringent hit validation is lacking. In this study, we rigorously reevaluated the in vitro inhibition of the Mpro enzyme by repurposed drugs via combined experiments, including the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) assay, fluorescence polarization (FP) assay, and protease biosensor cleavage assay. Our results from a set of in vitro assays revealed that boceprevir is a potential Mpro inhibitor, but other repurposed drugs, including atazanavir, dipyridamole, entrectinib, ethacridine, glecaprevir, hydroxychloroquine, ivermectin, meisoindigo, pelitinib, raloxifene, roxatidine acetate, saquinavir, teicoplanin, thonzonium bromide, and valacyclovir, are not. Our research highlights that the use of candidate Mpro inhibitors from primary screening warrants further comprehensive studies before the reporting of new findings.
Quiet Workaholics? The Link Between Workaholism and Employee Silence and Moral Voice as Explained by the Social‐Cognitive Theory of Morality
Authors: Knoll Michael , Fida Roberta , Marzocchi Ivan , Searle Rosalind H. , Connelly Catherine E. , Ronchetti Matteo 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTWhen employees engage in potentially harmful behavior, organizations and societies rely on others to voice these issues. We propose that workaholism, a way that some individuals develop to deal with and thrive in today's intense and demanding work environment, reduces these individuals' intention to engage in moral voice and increases employee silence. Drawing on social‐cognitive theory of morality, we propose that this occurs because workaholism, being driven by an inner compulsion to working extensively, disengages moral self‐regulation which, in turn, affects both the activation of moral behavior (i.e., voice intentions) and the inhibition of immoral behavior (i.e., employee silence). Further, based on social‐cognitive theory's premise that moral behavior is jointly regulated by personal and social standards, we propose that a context that endorses this inner pressure to work (i.e., climate of self‐interest) strengthens the relationship between workaholism and moral disengagement. Findings from two three‐wave time‐lagged studies of Italian and UK employees suggest that workaholism—but not workload—is associated with moral disengagement and indirectly with more silence and less moral voice intention. Additionally, Study 2's moderated‐mediation model showed that perceived climate of self‐interest moderates the relationship between workaholism and moral disengagement and revealed dimension‐specific effects of workaholism.
Paracrine Influence of Masquelet's Induced Membrane on Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Bowman Meredyth , Sclamberg Gracie , Wessels Emma , Cragg Kyle , Donneys Alexis , Hankenson Kurt D. , Hake Mark E. , Alford Andrea I. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTMasquelet's induced membrane technique (MIMT) is a staged surgical procedure that leverages the foreign body induced membrane (IM) that forms around a cement spacer placed into a segmental bone defect to support subsequent bone grafting. The mechanisms by which the IM supports bone consolidation are not fully understood. We present an indirect coculture system for studying IM‐MSC interactions using a rat model of MIMT. Compared to control cells, MSC Tnap (alkaline phosphatase) was induced by 4‐ but not 8‐week IM. MSC Spp1 (Osteopontin) was attenuated by both 4‐ and 8‐week IM. Although Tnfrsf11b (osteoprotegrin) in MSC exposed to IM was not different from control cells, it was induced by 8‐week IM compared to 4‐week IM. MSC Tnfsf11 (RANKL) was reduced by 4‐week and 8‐week IM. MSC Thbs2 (Tsp2) was induced by 8‐week but not 4‐week IM. Ablation of macrophages in IM blocked the induction of Thbs2 by 8‐week IM. MSC Col1a1 expression was not affected under any condition tested. TMT proteomics analysis of IM‐conditioned medium revealed 150 unique secreted proteins, 7 of which were differentially abundant (fold change ≥ 2 and FDR corrected p ≤ 0.05) in 8‐week versus 4‐week IM secretomes. All differentially abundant proteins were elevated in medium conditioned by 8‐week IM. Our data suggest that factor(s) secreted by IM resident cells affect MSC gene expression, and that duration of IM development influences the potency and nature of this paracrine effect. Patient‐specific factors including age and interval between MIMT surgeries may affect IM biological potency and graft to bone consolidation.
Involvement of Nerve Growth Factor in the Reparative Reaction to Osteonecrotic Lesions
Authors: Ayabe Yusuke , Motomura Goro , Yamaguchi Ryosuke , Utsunomiya Takeshi , Tanaka Hidenao , Sakamoto Kosei , Nakashima Yasuharu 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe reparative zone in femoral head osteonecrosis is pivotal for repair; however, the repair response mechanism remains poorly understood. Although neurotrophic nerve growth factor significantly contributes to bone formation in fatigue fractures and ectopic ossification, the relationship between nerve growth factor and the repair response to osteonecrosis remains unexplored. We aimed to elucidate the role of nerve growth factor in osteonecrosis repair. Twenty‐seven wholly resected femoral heads diagnosed with Japanese Investigation Committee Stage 3 femoral head osteonecrosis, excluding those with severe collapse, were analyzed. Histopathological diagnosis confirmed the presence of necrotic, reparative, and viable zones in all examined femoral heads. Quantitative evaluation of immunohistological staining, including nerve growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor, osteocalcin, CD31, and TUBB3, was conducted in each zone. Additionally, micro‐computed tomography was used to measure the trabecular bone microstructure in the reparative zone. Nerve growth factor expression was detected in all 27 femoral heads with osteonecrosis, exhibiting a significantly higher prevalence in the reparative zone than in other regions (p < 0.0001). Nerve growth factor was predominantly distributed on the necrotic side within the reparative zone, rather than the viable side. In the reparative zone, nerve growth factor expression was positively correlated with bone formation parameters derived from micro‐computed tomography images. Vascular endothelial growth factor, osteocalcin, CD31(+) vascular endothelial cells, and TUBB3(+) nerve cells also significantly increased in the reparative zone. In conclusion, nerve growth factor expression was consistent across all femoral heads with osteonecrosis and may play a role in reparative reaction to osteonecrotic lesions.
Performance of GLIM with different nutrition risk screening tools in predicting 90‐day mortality in critically ill adults with acute stroke: A comparison study
Authors: Li Junzhuo , Li Xin , Yang Jiajia , Wang Yaqi , Gong Wenmei 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundThe Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) proposes a diagnostic process for malnutrition, including initial screening with nutrition screening tools, followed by diagnostic evaluation. This study aimed to compare the performance of GLIM with different nutrition screening tools in predicting 90‐day mortality in adults who are critically ill with acute stroke.MethodsA comparative study was conducted on 308 adults (who critically ill) with acute stroke. Multiple nutrition screening tools were evaluated upon admission. Nutrition status was assessed using GLIM criteria. The predictive performance of GLIM on mortality was analyzed using Cox regression.ResultsThe prevalence of malnutrition ranged from 17.86% to 28.25%, depending on the nutrition screening tools used for classification. During 90‐day of follow‐ups, 112 (36.36%) deaths occurred. GLIM effectively predicted 90‐day mortality, with GLIM and the modified Nutritional Risk in the Critically Ill (mNUTRIC) screening demonstrating the best predictive ability [Hazard Ratio: 2.807 (1.816–4.339)].ConclusionMalnutrition identified by GLIM with mNUTRIC demonstrates a good ability to predict mortality in critically ill adults with acute stroke. GLIM criteria anticipate mortality and might guide interventions, with important implications for clinical practice and research.