bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Desmoplastic melanoma – the step‐child in the melanoma family?
Authors: Wasif Nabil , Gray Richard J. , Pockaj Barbara A. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesDesmoplastic melanoma (DM) is a rare variant of cutaneous melanoma. Our goal was to study the surgical management of DM, identify prognostic factors, and impact of treatment options.MethodsPatients with DM (n = 1,735) were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (1988–2006).ResultsThe median age of the study population was 69 years and overall survival (OS) at 5 years 65%. DM was more common in males (65%), most commonly found on the head and neck (51%), and had a mean thickness of 2.97 mm. Patients undergoing a wide local excision (WLE; ≥1 cm) had improved 5‐year OS compared to a simple excision (<1 cm) or biopsy alone (67% vs. 60% vs. 45%, respectively, P < 0.001). Of 505 patients (29%) undergoing sentinel node biopsy (SLNB), only 14 (2.8%) were positive. Traditional prognostic factors such as Breslow thickness, nodal positivity, and ulceration did not predict survival. On multivariate analysis only adjuvant radiation therapy [HR 1.65 (95% CI 1.17–2.31)] and WLE correlated with survival [HR 0.47 (95% CI 0.32–0.69)].ConclusionsDesmoplastic melanoma does not share traditional prognostic factors with the melanoma family. Surgical resection with wide margins is needed to optimize survival and routine SLNB may be unnecessary. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011; 103:158–162. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Surgical outcome of modified versus conventional parotidectomy in treatment of benign parotid tumors
Authors: Hegazy Mohamed Abdel Fattah , Nahas Waleed El , Roshdy Sameh 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBackgroundOur proposed modified technique includes creating a posterior pedicle parotid gland fascia flap without separating the great auricular nerve branches through an aesthetic incision. This fascial flap is sutured back to the parotid bed creating a barrier of the aberrant regeneration of sympathetic fibers thus, theoretically, decreasing the incidence of Frey's syndrome.Patients and methodsSuperficial parotidectomy for benign parotid neoplasms was carried out using either the conventional (Group 1) or modified (Group 2) technique. Outcomes of the two groups were reviewed. Both techniques were compared for the cosmetic outcome, great auricular nerve anesthesia, and the incidence of Frey's syndrome.ResultsThe incision in the modified group was more cosmetic both subjectively and objectively. Postoperatively, transient numbness was reported by 21% of cases in the modified group. In the control group, transient sensory deficit was complained by all cases. Fourteen patients restored sensation completely within 2 years after surgery. The incidence of subjective Frey's syndrome was significantly lower in the modified group. Objectively, on starch iodine test, the incidence of Frey's syndrome was higher in both groups.ConclusionIn selected cases of benign parotid neoplasm, modified parotidectomy is an effective technique in improving the outcome of the procedure. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011; 103:163–168. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Analysis of DNA copy number aberrations by multiple ligation‐dependent probe amplification on 50 intestinal type gastric cancers
Authors: Zhang Dai , Wang Zhenning , Luo Yang , Xu Yan , Liu Yanshan , Yang Wei , Zhang Xue 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe molecular genetic alterations leading to gastric malignancy are largely unknown. This study aimed to unravel the genomic DNA copy number aberrations (CNAs) profile during gastric tumorigenesis.MethodsIn this study, we performed genomic profiling in a set of 50 intestinal type gastric carcinomas by a PCR‐based relative quantification method, multiple ligation‐dependent probe amplification (MLPA) with 112 cancer‐related gene loci selected throughout each human chromosome as probes of MLPA assay.ResultsNumerous chromosomal DNA CNAs, including gains of 3p22, 4q25, 8q24, 11p13, and 20q13, and losses of 1p36 and 9p21, were identified by MLPA assay as recurrent DNA CNAs in gastric cancer. Moreover, we found the median numbers of gains, losses, and total CNAs were significantly higher in lymph node metastasis positive patients than in cases without metastasis. And gain of 11p13 and losses of 9p21.3, 11q13.3, 17q25.3, and 22q11.23 were associated with lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05). Finally, two major groups, including G1 + 2 with a large number of CNAs and G3 + 4 with a small number of CNAs, can be successfully distinguished by hierarchical cluster analysis.ConclusionsOur results proved MLPA is a reliable and efficient method to evaluate DNA copy number changes in gastric cancers. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011; 103:124–132. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Outcome of re‐excision for intralesionally treated parosteal osteosarcoma
Authors: Song Won Seok , Jeon Dae‐Geun , Kong Chang‐Bae , Cho Wan Hyeong , Lee Soo‐Yong 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the risk of subsequent local recurrence (LR) and survival of parosteal osteosarcoma (POS) patients who underwent re‐excision after intralesional excision.MethodsWe analyzed clinical outcomes of 11 POS patients referred after intralesional excision. Average follow‐up was 86 months (range: 37–190 months). There were 9 Stage IB lesions and 2 Stage IIB lesions. Tumors were located in the femur (3) and in other locations (8). Seven patients showing recurrent tumor at referral received entire segmental excision while remaining four patients without LR underwent hemi‐cortical excision.ResultsThe 5‐year metastasis free survival rate of 11 patients was 81.8%. Patients without evident tumor mass did not show further recurrence after re‐excision. However, 5 (71.4%) of the 7 patients with recurrent tumor relapsed despite segmental re‐excision, and their median interval to subsequent LR was 18.8 months (range: 4–9 months). Two of five patients with re‐recurrence developed metastases which were unresponsive to chemotherapy.ConclusionsFollowing inadvertent intralesional procedure, re‐excision should be liberally applied before there is an evidence of recurrence. In patients presenting with gross LR, amputation should not be spared unless wide surgical margin can be achieved. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011; 103:264–268. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Expression of tissue levels of matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases in gastric adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Ming , Zhu Guan‐Yu , Gao Hong‐Yu , Zhao Shu‐Peng , Xue Yingwei 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesMatrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are one of the major classes of proteolytic enzymes involved in tumor invasion and metastasis, being inhibited by naturally occurring tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). We examined mRNA expression for MMP‐2, MMP‐7, MMP‐9, MT1‐MMP, TIMP‐1, and TIMP‐2 in human gastric adenocarcinoma tissues, and the correlation between their expression and clinicopathological variables.MethodsGastric tissue samples from 72 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma were available for this study. To determine mRNA expression for MMP‐2, MMP‐7, MMP‐9, MT1‐MMP, TIMP‐1, and TIMP‐2, semiquantitative reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) was carried out on tumor and normal tissues, respectively.ResultsMean MMP‐2, MMP‐7, MMP‐9, MT1‐MMP, TIMP‐1, and TIMP‐2 mRNA expression in the gastric adenocarcinomas was significantly higher than in the normal tissue. In terms of the invasion of the tumor, lymph node metastasis, and tumor stage of gastric adenocarcinoma, the differences in MMP‐2, MMP‐7, MMP‐9, and MT1‐MMP mRNA expression levels were significant. MMP‐2, MMP‐7, MMP‐9, MT1‐MMP, TIMP‐1, and TIMP‐2 mRNA expression did not differ significantly in relation to histological type of gastric adenocarcinoma.ConclusionThe correlation between the increased expression of MMP‐2, MMP‐7, MMP‐9, and MTI‐MMP and clinicopathological parameters reflects a role in predicting the aggressive behavior of gastric cancer. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011; 103:243–247. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Lymph node ratio as determined by the 7th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system predicts survival in stage III colon cancer
Authors: Hong Kwang Dae , Lee Sun Il , Moon Hong Young 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic usefulness of the lymph node ratio (LNR) in stage III colon cancer using the 7th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system.MethodWe analyzed data from 130 consecutive patients with stage III colon cancer. Kaplan–Meier and Cox proportional hazard model analyses were used to evaluate prognostic effects.ResultsQuartile analysis indicated that an LNR of 0.1638 was the best cut‐off value with regard to predicting disease‐free survival (DFS). Six patients had stage IIIA disease, 102 patients had stage IIIB disease, and 22 patients had stage IIIC disease. For patients with stage IIIB disease, the 3‐year DFS for an LNR of <0.1638 (N = 87) and an LNR of ≥0.1638 (N = 15) was 79.0% and 50.0%, respectively (P = 0.015). For patients with stage IIIC disease, the 3‐year DFS for an LNR of <0.1638 (N = 6) and an LNR of ≥0.1638 (N = 16) was 100% and 28.6%, respectively (P = 0.03).ConclusionsThe authors found that 7th AJCC stage IIIB and stage IIIC patients are heterogeneous groups with respect to DFS, when stratified by LNR, and suggest that an LNR‐based algorithm be devised for incorporation into the 7th AJCC staging system. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011; 103:406–410. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Gold‐Nanoparticle‐ and Gold‐Nanoshell‐Induced Polymorphism in Poly(vinylidene fluoride)
Authors: Wang Wei , Zhang Shishan , Srisombat La‐ongnuan , Lee T. Randall , Advincula Rigoberto C. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractPVDF nanocomposites are prepared through solution mixing of Au‐NPs or Au‐NSs with PVDF. The novel optical properties of Au‐NPs and ‐NSs are retained as confirmed from UV‐Vis spectra. Analysis of resulting nanocomposites by FT‐IR, XRD, and DSC shows an obvious polymorphism change from α‐ to β‐form compared to PVDF prepared under the same conditions. The β‐polymorph seems to be more prominent with higher concentration of Au‐NPs (0.5%) and even more so with Au‐NSs. Thermogravimetric analysis shows that both nanocomposites have better resistance toward thermal degradation. Combination of novel optical properties of Au‐NPs or Au‐NSs with induced ferroelectric‐active β‐polymorph in PVDF can lead to new design of optical, piezoelectric devices.
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Forming of Protein Bubbles and Porous Films Using Co‐Axial Electrohydrodynamic Flow Processing
Authors: Ekemen Zeynep , Ahmad Zeeshan , Edirisinghe Mohan , Stride Eleanor 
Published: December 2010

AbstractAir and 5 wt.‐% BSA solution are used as a model system to generate protein‐coated microbubbles, which are significantly smaller in diameter than the processing needle apertures. The effects of processing parameters (applied voltage and flow rate) on the bubble size distribution and stability are studied. The optimal processing conditions are also explored in terms of heating of the solutions and prepared structures. Both individual microbubbles and porous films were successfully prepared using this method which has significant potential for the preparation of microbubbles for drug delivery systems, porous coatings, thin films, scaffolds and ultrasound contrast agents. The versatile nature of the method implies that many macromolecules and other active agents can be used.
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Synthesis of a Novel Glycopeptide by Polymeranalogous Reaction of Gelatin with Mono‐6‐para‐toluenesulfonyl‐β‐cyclodextrin and its Supramolecular Properties
Authors: Bernert Dominika B. , Isenbügel Kathrin , Ritter Helmut 
Published: December 2010

AbstractA synthetic model glycoprotein was successfully synthesized using gelatin and mono‐6‐para‐toluenesulfonyl‐β‐cyclodextrin which were reacted under microwave conditions in basic media. The resulting glycoprotein is observed to form intermolecular inclusion complexes through complexation of the aromatic moieties along the polymer chain by the attached cyclodextrins. This phenomenon was analyzed and proven by 2D NMR spectroscopy (ROESY) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Above the denaturation temperature, a strong increase of the hydrodynamic diameter was found due to enhanced supramolecular agglomeration. Such a novel glycoprotein with supramolecular self‐recognition would be promising in biomedical applications serving as a drug‐delivery basis polymer.
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Compression and expansion in graphs using overlays
Authors: Khan Bilal , Bhutani Kiran R. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractIn this article, we describe how to construct physical computer network topologies, which can support the establishment of overlays that reduce or increase the distances between nodes. Reducing pairwise distances (i.e., compression) implies that the overlay enjoys significantly lower inter‐node latencies compared to the ambient physical network; such an overlay can be used to implement a “high‐performance mode” for disaster situations in which network responsiveness is of critical importance. On the other hand, increasing pairwise distances (i.e., expansion) implies that the overlay exhibits significantly higher internode latencies compared to the ambient physical network; such an overlay can be used to implement a brief “dilated state” in networks that have been infected by a malicious worm, where slowing down the infection spread allows greater time for antidote generation. We show that it is possible to design physical networks which support overlays whose logical link bandwidth is equal to the physical link bandwidth while providing arbitrarily high compression or expansion. We also show that it is possible to “grow” such networks over time in a scalable way, that is to say, it is possible to retain the compression/expansion properties while augmenting the network with new nodes, by making relatively small adjustments to the physical and overlay network structure. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, Vol. 58(1), 36–42 2011
Resource allocation by means of project networks: Complexity results
Authors: Roel Leus R. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThis article examines the complexity of resource‐allocation decisions for resource‐constrained project scheduling. The allocation decisions are modeled by means of precedence networks and are closely related to ES‐policies, which are a type of scheduling policies introduced for stochastic scheduling. We find that even a number of ‘surrogate’ objective functions, whose use has recently been proposed by multiple sources, lead to hard problems. Our results confirm that resource allocation is difficult even when objective‐function evaluation by itself is not intractable. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, Vol. 58(1), 59–67 2011
The most likely path on series‐parallel networks
Authors: Reich Daniel , Lopes Leo 
Published: December 2010

AbstractIn this article, we present a stochastic shortest path problem that we refer to as the Most Likely Path Problem (MLPP). We demonstrate that optimal solutions to the MLPP are not composed of optimal subpaths, which limits the computational tractability of exact solution methods. On series‐parallel networks, we produce analytical bounds for the MLPP's optimality indices, the probabilities of given paths in the network being shortest, and compute these bounds efficiently via numerical integration. These bounds can also be used independently of the MLPP to gain further understanding for paths of interest that are identified by other stochastic shortest path frameworks, e.g., robust shortest paths or expected shortest paths. Additionally, we present a heuristic method that uses dynamic programming and ordinal optimization to identify an MLP on series‐parallel networks. Our computational study shows our bounds to be tight in a majority of test networks and shows our heuristic to be both efficient and highly accurate for identifying an MLP in all test networks. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, Vol. 58(1), 68–80 2011
On minimum reload cost paths, tours, and flows
Authors: Amaldi Edoardo , Galbiati Giulia , Maffioli Francesco 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe concept of reload cost, that is of a cost incurred when two consecutive arcs along a path are of different types, naturally arises in a variety of applications related to transportation, telecommunication, and energy networks. Previous work on reload costs is devoted to the problem of finding a spanning tree of minimum reload cost diameter (with no arc costs) or of minimum reload cost. In this article, we investigate the complexity and approximability of the problems of finding optimum paths, tours, and flows under a general cost model including reload costs as well as regular arc costs. Some of these problems, such as shortest paths and minimum cost flows, turn out to be polynomially solvable while others, such as minimum shortest path tree and minimum unsplittable multicommodity flows, are NP‐hard to approximate within any polynomial‐time computable function. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, Vol. 57(3), 254–260 2011
Combinatorial algorithms for inverse absolute and vertex 1‐center location problems on trees
Authors: Alizadeh Behrooz , Burkard R.E. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractIn an inverse network absolute (or vertex) 1 ‐center location problem the parameters of a given network, like edge lengths or vertex weights, have to be modified at minimum total cost such that a prespecified vertex s becomes an absolute (or a vertex) 1 ‐center of the network. In this article, the inverse absolute and vertex 1 ‐center location problems on unweighted trees with n + 1 vertices are considered where the edge lengths can be changed within certain bounds. For solving these problems, a fast method is developed for reducing the height of one tree and increasing the height of a second tree under minimum cost until the heights of both trees become equal. Using this result, a combinatorial O(n2) time algorithm is stated for the inverse absolute 1‐center location problem in which no topology change occurs. If topology changes are allowed, an O(n2r) time algorithm solves the problem where r, r < n, is the compressed depth of the tree network T rooted in s. Finally, the inverse vertex 1 ‐center problem with edge length modifications is solved on T. If all edge lengths remain positive, this problem can be solved within the improved O(n2) time complexity by balancing the height of two trees. In the general case, one gets the improved O(n2r
v) time complexity where the parameter rv is bounded by n. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, Vol. 58(3), 190–200 2011
Immature platelet count: A simple parameter for distinguishing thrombocytopenia in pediatric acute lymphocytic leukemia from immune thrombocytopenia
Authors: Strauß Gabriele , Vollert Cora , von Stackelberg Arend , Weimann Andreas , Gaedicke Gerhard , Schulze Harald 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBackgroundPlatelet counts below normal values define thrombocytopenia. However, platelet counts alone do not reveal the underlying pathomechanism. New blood cell counters provide additional information on platelet size and volume, and enable the distinction of sub‐populations. In this preliminary study, we evaluate whether one of these markers can be used for diagnosis of isolated thrombocytopenia in children.ProcedureWe provide normal values for mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), plateletcrit (PCT), platelet large cell ratio (P‐LCR), platelet mean‐frequent volume (P‐MFV), relative immature platelet fraction (IPF%), and absolute IPF (IPF#) for 100 healthy children and analyzed 87 children with thrombocytopenia.ResultsIn children with platelet production defects, IPF% was low, while in acute immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), IPF% was markedly increased (median 25.2%, P < 0.01), representing accelerated platelet turnover. Interestingly, children diagnosed with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) also had elevated IPF% (median 10%, P < 0.01), suggesting that thrombopoiesis is stimulated despite virtual absence of bone marrow progenitors. Low IPF# was only found in patients with acute ITP.ConclusionsIPF% is a marker for thrombocytopenia due to defective platelet production while IPF#, representing the immature platelet count, might become a practical parameter to distinguish acute ITP from thrombocytopenia in children with newly diagnosed ALL (P < 0.01). Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011; 57: 641–647. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Gorham's disease and diffuse lymphangiomatosis in children and adolescents
Authors: Venkatramani Rajkumar , Ma Nina S. , Pitukcheewanont Pisit , Malogolowkin Marcio H. , Mascarenhas Leo 
Published: December 2010

AbstractGorham's disease is a rare disorder of unknown etiology and variable clinical presentation that is characterized by proliferation of thin‐walled vascular channels resulting in destruction and resorption of osseous matrix. The condition is frequently under recognized or misdiagnosed. There is no standard treatment defined for this disease. Here we report on eight children diagnosed with Gorham's disease at our institution over a ten‐year period. Soft tissue lymphangioma was present in seven and six children had splenic involvement. Disease stabilization and improvement was observed on treatment with interferon alpha‐2b and bisphosphonate therapy. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011;56:667–670. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Continuous Crystallization of Submicrometer Energetic Compounds
Authors: Spitzer Denis , Baras Christian , Schäfer Michael Richard , Ciszek Fabrice , Siegert Benny 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThis study introduces the conception of an apparatus to crystallize continuously nanosized explosive or more generally nanosized organic materials. These materials can be elaborated in pure state or in form of mixtures of energetic and inert materials. The installation can produce nano‐RDX or nano‐PETN from 1 to 10 g h−1 using a reactor containing one ultrasonic piezoelectric transducer.The present study describes the different parameters which influence the crystallization process. It presents first results of the parametric study of the influence of these parameters. The most important parameters which were already identified are the frequency of the ultrasonic piezoelectric transducer, the nature of the solvent, the liquid level in the reactor, the temperatures in the system, and the passing time of the aerosol droplets in the oven.