bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Occurrence and distribution of ploidy levels of Oryza punctataKOTSCHY ex STEUD. in Africa With 5 Figures and 3 Tables
Authors: Faluyi J. O. , Nwokeocha C. C. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA total of 29 accessions consisting of local and other African accessions of Oryza punctata KOTSCHY ex STEUD. were studied for their agrobotanical characteristics, chromosome number and reproductive biology.Chromosome studies revealed normal meiosis with regular bivalent pairing suggesting that the polyploids are amphidiploid. Asynchrony of meiotic stages was observed in different anthers. The diploids showed economy of pollen production, earlier maturity, reduced biomass but high seed set.The distribution of ploidy levels in Africa shows that: the diploid is widespread. the ranges of the diploids and tetraploids overlap possibly with some degree of sympatry, tetraploids have spread beyond the range of diplods. All these suggest that the tetraploid is a young polyploid complex. The results of ecological and cytological observations are discussed in the light of the potentials for variability in the species.
Systematic position of Avicennia
Authors: Reddy M. S. , Kumari Ch. Vitaya , Radhakrishnaiah M. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe chemotaxonomy of Avicennia is studied. Though it shows a few variations in chemical features, the totality of evidence from diverse disciplines including the chemistry does not favour its paring off from Verbenaceae to an independent family of its own. Its retention as an integral part of Verbenaceae is adduced.
Relationships and diagnostic characters of Chenopodium striatiforme J. Murr, C. striatum (Krašan) J. Murr and C. strictum Roth With 11 Figures and 3 Tables
Authors: Dvořák F. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractC. striatiforme J. Murr participates in the formation of the genotypes of the hybridogenous species C. striatum (Krašan) J. Murr and C. strictum Roth. C. striatum (Krašan) J. Murr has smaller seeds with a black seed‐coat and greater seeds with a seed‐coat coloured carmine up to colcothar or chestnut up to sepia; it is at the species C. strictum Roth on the contrary.
Holzanatomische Untersuchungen an einem fossilen Holz, Circoporoxylon grandiporosum Müller‐Stoll et Schultze‐Motel, aus dem Unteren Jura von Frankreich Mit 4 Abbildungen, einer Tabelle und 2 Tafeln
Authors: Süss H. , Philippe M. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAus dem Unteren Jura von Frankreich werden Holzreste beschrieben und als Circoporoxylon grandiporosum bestimmt. Die Ursachen, die zur unregelmäßigen Anordnung der Tracheiden auf dem Querschnitt des Holzes führen, die Zuwachszonenfolge, die Bildung von Wundgewebe und der Holzabbau durch Pilze werden diskutiert.
Epidermal studies in some Nigerian trees With one Table
Authors: Nyawuame H. G. K. , Adedio M. U. , Gill L. S. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractLeaf epidermal structure of 30 trees distributed in 17 dicotyledenous families was studied. Interspecific variation in cell wall pattern was observed in the two species of Macaranga covered in this study. The cells were straight‐walled in M. barteri but sinuously‐walled in M. monandra. In addition to this variation, peltate hairs were observed in M. barteri. The two species also varied in their stomatal faetures. Alchornea was another species which showed interspecific variation in epidermal and stomatal features. Stellate hairs were observed in A. cordifolia but were absent in A. laxiflora. Mature stomata were paracytic in A. cordifolia but in A. laxiflora they were anomocytic. Differences in stomatal size and frequency were also observed in the two species. Contiguous stomata were reported here for Avicennia africana, Mitragyna inermis and Pterygota macrocarpa.
Comparative phytochemical and morphological study of two species of the Scabiosa L. genus
Authors: Perdetzoglou D. , Skaltsa H. , Tzakou O. , Harvala C. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA phytochemical and morphological comparative study of two taxa of the Scabiosa L. genus has been carried out. The chemical investigation concerns the isolation and identification of six flavonoids from Sc. tenuis and seven flavonoids from Sc. argentea. The morphological study deals with ten traits of both species (on a total of 213 specimens). The relation between the chemical pattern and phylogenesis is discussed. The results of morphometric study are connected with their geographical distribution; Figures of the latter are also given. Correlation of phytochemical and morphological results is attempted.
Seed protein homology and species relationship in the Tribe Vicieae
Authors: Sammour R. H. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractElectrophoresis of seed proteins from the tribe Vicieae species was carried out on SDS‐PAGE. On the basis of similarity matrix index, the homology of Cicer arietinum with the rest of the members of the tribe Vicieae is approximately the same as that of Trifolieae and Ononideae. This endorsed the removing of Cicer from Vicieae and assigned it to a separate tribe, the Cicerideae. The three dimensional model of the Cicer species grouped the species into five groups. One of these groups includes C. arietinum and C. reticulatum. These data support the suggestion that C. reticulatum is the wild progenitor of the cultivated Cicer.
Investigations on carotenoids in lichens from Nothofagus forests along the precipitation gradient (North‐Western Patagonia, Argentina)
Authors: Czeczuga B. , Calvelo S. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractCarotenoids contents in 26 specimens of six different species of corticolous lichens, collected along precipitation gradients from Nothofagus forests, North‐Western Patagonia have been investigated by means of column and thin‐layer chromatography. The presence of the following carotenoids: α‐carotene, β‐carotene, β‐cryptoxanthin, lutein, 3′‐epilutein, zeaxanthin, lutein epoxide, antheraxanthin, hydroxyechinenone, canthaxanthin, α‐doradexanthin, astaxanthin, violaxanthin, neoxanthin, luteoxanthin, mutatoxanthin, capsochrome and apo‐6′‐lycopenal.The total content of carotenoids ranged from 12.24 (Platismatia glauca) to 56.51% μg g−1 dry weight (Nephroma antarcticum var. antarcticum).The amount of precipitations does not effect significantly the occurrence and total content of respective carotenoids.
Studies on the threatened woody perennial taxa in the flora of Egypt I. Protected areas of Egypt: New proposals
Authors: El‐Ghani M. M. Abd , Fahmy A. G. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe World Conservation Strategy recognize two types of protection: in situ and ex situ preservations. A network of protected areas should be established to safeguard a nation's living resources. The first list of nature reserves in Egypt included 12 sites to be protected ares across the country.On the conservation action, the authors propose a series of conservation sites to the proposed network system of preservations. Selection of sites is mainly based on the plant species criteria that help in identifying areas that deserve urgent protection. The series include seven nature reserves, six wildlife sanctuaries and five botanic gardens.
Studies on the threatened woody perennial taxa in the flora of Egypt II. Extinct and endemic taxa
Authors: El‐Ghani M. M. Abd , Fahmy A. G. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAn idea about the extinct and endemic woody perennial threatened taxa that need to be conserved was discreened. The valid name, habitat, local and world distribution and the floristic category is given for each taxon. The natural rarity of the studied species can be related to its geographical distribution. Degradation of vegetation due to overgrazing is pronounced in wadis where its vegetation is relatively rich and dense. Complete destruction of the natural vegetation is carried out for settlements. Anthropogenic activities also have dramatic effect over natural vegetation especially in desert, where plant life subsits under adverse conditions of aridity.
Taxonomische Untersuchungen in der Subtribus Malvinae II. Dinacrusa
Authors: Krebs G. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIn der Arbeit wird Dinacrusa als neue Gattung der Malvinae beschrieben. Ein Bestimmungsschlüssel für die Untergattungen Dinacrusa, Liogonia und Malvalthaea sowie aller Arten und Unteraten wird gegeben. Alle Taxa werden ausführlich dargestellt.
De Liliifloris notulae 5. Some new taxa and combinations in the Amaryllidaceae tribe Amaryllideae from arid Southern Africa
Authors: Dietrich  , Müller‐Doblies Ute 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe genus Namaquanula [only known from the southern side of the Orange River (Cape)] is no longer monotypic: a second species, N. etesionamibensis, is described from the northern bank of the Orange River, circa 60 km upstream as the crow flies (Namibia). A distribution map shows two further minor localities of each species in Namibia.
Studies in the Calvatia complex (Basidiomycetes) 2
Authors: Kreisel H. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA preliminary world‐wide key to eight sections and 36 species of the gasteromycete genus Calvatia FR. emend. KREISEL is presented, and a list of specimina visa is added. — Handkea wandae SKIRG. 1991 is regarded as a synonym of H. lycoperdoides KREISEL.
Floral anatomy of Tropaeolaceae
Authors: Devi D. Rama , Narayana L. L. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe floral anatomy of Tropaeolum majus, T. minus, T. peregrinum and Magallana porifolia has been studied. The flower is pentacyclic, bisexual, hypogynous and zygomorphic owing to the development of a spur on the posterior sepal. The perianth is 5‐merous, androecium is 4‐merous and the gynoecium is 3‐merous. The sepals are 3‐traced and the petals and stamens are single traced. The 3‐carpellary condition of the ovary is derived from 5‐carpellary ancestry. The carpels are 3‐traced with one ovule in each loculus on axile placentation.In the light of the present study together with the available data from other disciplines, the affinities and systematic position of Tropaeolaceae have been discussed. It is concluded that the Tropaeolaceae find a place in Geraniales.
Phenolic compounds in the taxonomy of Ipomoea L. (Convolvulaceae)
Authors: Leela M. , Rao S. Shanmukha 
Published: August 2010

AbstractPhenolic compounds have been analysed in thirteen taxa of Ipomoea. In all forty one compounds have been detected of which eleven are identified and thirty unidentified. The distribution of these compounds on different taxa is found usefull for taxonomic considerations.
A contribution to the floral anatomy of Cedreleae (Meliaceae)
Authors: Lal Sheela 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA comparative study of the anatomy of the flowers of eight species of Cedrela is detailed here. The flower is bisexual, pentamerous, tetracyclic and hypogynous. The sepals are 3‐traced and the petals and stamens are single traced. The antisepalous stamens are fertile. The antipetalous stamens are suppressed but their traces, however are demarcated and they terminate within the receptable. The carpels are 3‐traced and the placentation is anatomically parietal except in C. velloziana, where it is axile. On the basis of totality, of evidences it is suggested that Cedrela alone be included in the tribe Cedreleae (Meliaceae).
Notes on the Scrophulariaceae of Zimbabwean inselsbergs, with the description of Lindernia syncerus sp. nov.
Authors: Seine R. , Fischer E. , Barthlott W. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAn account of the 19 Scrophulariaceae found on Zimbabwean inselbergs is given, based on studies of 53 inselbergs. Habitat preferences and importance of inselbergs as habitats are discussed. Lindernia syncerus SEINE, FISCHER & BARTHLOTT from Umfurudzi Safari Area is described. The new combination Crepidorhopalon debilis (SKAN) FISCHER is made, the occurrence of the species is reported for the Flora Zambesiaca Area for the first time.
Alterations in the basic chromosome numbers as a means of speciation in Labiatae
Authors: Singh T. P. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractStatistical data revealed that among the cytologically studied species of Labiatae, 41.99% are the true diploids (2χ). Tetraploids (27.38%) are the most common among the euploids observed in the family, while the euploids of higher orders were quite low ranging from 8.12 to 0.10%. The various genera, except a few, were suggested to prefer lower chromosome numbers and ploidy to a limited level. Significantly lower percentage of euploid spp. of odd numbers (10.38%) than those of even numbers (43.51 %) exhibited their preference for the cytologically convenient polyploids. Among the genera cytologically studied, 37.11% were the true diploids where existence of polyploids has not yet been reported. Again among the 28 monotypic genera, 75% are true diploids. On the other hand, genera possessing only higher euploids and no diploids (2χ) are only 14.43 % of the species studied. These data suggested a strong urge among Labiatae herbs to keep both the chromosome number and ploidy level within a cytologically workable limit.The most common primary and secondary base chromosome numbers were found to be 8, 9 and 17, represented by 42.86%, 33.78%, and 20.62% of the species, respectively. It was observed that secondary numbers arose as a result of the combinations between dissimilar primary numbers and the doubling of the same number for producing secondary numbers was rare. Acquiring new genes from the combinations of heterogeneous numbers was considered one of the reasons. The high percentages of two combinations (8 + 7 and 9 + 8) were perhaps due to the prevalence of the primary base numbers χ = 7,8 and 9 among the species.The species possessing only primary base numbers opt for the multiplication of their basic sets for speciation. On the other hand, the latter is achieved by creating new base numbers (by the combinations of dissimilar primary numbers) in the species having only secondary numbers, while both the factors were operative among the species containing both primary and secondary numbers. The synthesis of new base numbers, especially secondary ones, might have effected speciation i n Labiatae and this might be true for other families of plants, it was suggested.
Histochemical studies in the leaves of some Dioscorea L. (Dioscoreaceae) and the taxonomic importance
Authors: Edeoga H. O. , Okoli B. E. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractHistochemical studies on the localization of calcium oxalate crystals and other ergastic substances in the leaf of ten species of Dioscorea L. (Discoreaceae) were carried out. There are clear variations both in the positions and shapes (types) of calcium oxalate crystals and other ergastic substances found in the leaf of these Dioscorea species. D. rotundata POIR. have highly elongated, missile‐like raphides in addition to their calcium oxalate crystals. D. minutiflora ENGL. is diagnostic in possessing raphide even at the base of the trichome whereas D. odoratissima PAX has ‘needle‐like’ raphide in addition to crystals. ‘Barrel‐shaped’ raphide bundles were localized in the leaf of D. smilacifolia DEWILD. and D. minutiflora. In the same vein, D. esculenta (LOUR.) BURKILL, and D. bulbifera L. have crystals and raphides even inside the chloroplasts. Apart from the crystals and raphides, most of these Dioscorea species are also taninferous as can be seen in the leaves of D. preussii PAX, D. rotundata, D. esculenta and D. bulbifera. The presence of raphides and crystals at the base of trichome and inside chloroplasts are being reported for the first time in these taxa. Moreover, variation in the localization of the crystals and the raphides in different parts of the leaf suggests other role of these ergastic substances in the taxa other than storage.
Floristic composition of Wof‐Washa natural forest, Central Ethiopia: Implications for the conservation of biodiversity
Authors: Teketay Demel , Bekele Tamrat 
Published: August 2010

AbstractWof‐Washa forest is one of the very few remaining natural forests in Ethiopia. It is the only stretch of forest left in the surrounding. The main reason for its survival is its inaccessibility. The local people use the forest as a source of fuelwood, construction material, farm implements, edible fruits, honey, medicinal plants, water and game for hunting. As one of the major activities of the local people is livestock production, it provides grazing areas. Since the forest has not been commercially exploited, it is a potential source of merchantable forest products. It also provides food, shelter and breeding areas for many wild animals. The forest prevents soil erosion and regulates the watershed in the surrounding. However, the threat to its destruction is becoming apparent because of encroaching agriculture, cutting of trees by the local people, fire and overgrazing. Studies on the floristic composition of the forest were made in 1992 to lay the foundation on which recommendations for future conservation of biodiversity and development of the forest can be made. The studies revealed that there are over 252 species of plants: 33 (13%) trees, 18 (7%) shrubs and 201 (80%) herbs. Among these, 29 species (12%) are endemic to Ethiopia while 7 (3%) are nearly endemic. The floristic composition of the forest is compared with other forests both inside and outside Ethiopia. The most similar forests analysed have only about 54% species in common with Wof‐Washa forest. The forest is endowed with a remarkable number of common, rare and endemic plant species and wild animals. Many of the species are habitat specific and can only be found in limited areas in the forest. Their survival depends upon the existence of the forest. Any kind of man‐made disturbance which does not take into account this reality is very likely to destroy the specific habitats of the species and to upset the natural processes which will in turn result in local extinction of both plant and animal species. Moreover, it will reduce the amount of available water in the lowlands and accelerate soil erosion on the highlands. Based on the results of the present study. it is recommended that the forest be converted into a National Nature Reserve.
Rumex bolosii – eine neue endemische Art aus dem Rif‐Gebirge (Marokko)
Authors: Stübing G. , Peris J. B. , Romo A. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAus dem Rif‐Gebirge (Marokko) wird eine neue An der Gattung Rumex L. (R. bolosii) beschrieben.
Les Ptéridophytes des Iles Wallis et Futuna (Pacifique Sud) écologie et répartition
Authors: Badré F. , Hoff M. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractLe nombre total d'espèces de Ptéridophytes des Iles Wallis et Futuna s'élève à 59. Ces espèces se répartissent dans 35 genres. L'écologie générate et les répartitions locale et mondiale de chaque espèce sont précisées.
Ecological groups of macrofungi in beech forests on Czȩestochowa Upland, Southern Poland
Authors: Adamczyk J. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIn the years 1987–1991 ecological studies on macromycetes were performed in 27 permanent sampling plots (150–400 m2) established in four beech forest associations growing in the northern part of Czestochowa Upland (southern Poland): Dentario enneaphyllidis‐Fagetum, Carici‐Fagetum, Luzulo pilosae‐Fagetum and Melico‐Fagetum. The plots were located in 3 forest reserves, Zielona Góra, Parkowe and Sokole Góry, situated on hills of Upper Jurassic limestones. A total of 105 macrofungi species fructifying permanently on the substrate connected with Fagus sylvatica were selected for detailed analysis. The species were assigned to 12 niche‐substrate type ecological groups (ARNOLDS 1988), comprising macrofungi growing on the ground, in the litter layer and on beech wood.The contribution of given niche‐substrate ecological groups to given association of the investigated beech forests was studied. Results of the respective analysis are presented in the form of radial multiaxial diagrams, in which each axis represents one nichesubstrate group and each section of an axis represents one species. The applied method enabled estimating mycological similarity of the investigated associations.
Die Organisationseinheit als Bezugselement für die Strukturanalyse von verholzenden Sproßsystemen
Authors: Froebe H. A. , Gleissner P. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractGesucht wird eine natürliche organogenetische Einheit oberhalb der ‚Phyton‐Ebene’︁, um die ausdauernden Sproßsysteme verholzender Gewächse auf Übereinstimmungen ihrer Gefügesysteme analysieren zu können. Diese Einheit ist längst bekannt, nur kann man das nicht bemerken, weil sie unter verschiedenen Namen in die Literatur eingeführt wurde und ihre Beschreibungen mehr als lückenhaft sind: ‚unit of extension’︁ ‚unit of morphogenesis’︁, und ‚module’︁ (HALLÉ et al. 1978). Eine Synthese dieser drei Einheiten ergibt die gesuchte Einheit. Wir nennen sie Organisationseinheit (OE). Sie ist der Komplex von sechs Sproßmerkmalen, die jeweils einen Gradienten auf einem (sich wiederholenden) Sproßabschnitt ausbilden: (1) das Muster der Internodienlängen; (2) die seriale Förderung (Längengradient der Seitenachsen 1. Ordn.); (3) den Differenzierungsgradienten der Seitenachsen 1. Ordn.; (4) den Gradienten der Zweigablösung; (5) Heterophyllie (Niederblatt – Laubblatt); (6) den Aktivitätsgradienten der Achselmeristeme. Die Positionen (1)–(6) stellen ein Maximalprogramm der OE dar, was nicht in jedem Taxon bzw. in jedem Metamorphosestadium der verschiedenen Altersphasen des einzelnen Baums erfüllt sein muß (z. B. Aesculus, Carpinus).Die Rolle potentieller Störfaktoren, die den Aufbau der OE verändern könnten, wird untersucht: (a) Die Infloreszenz kann die Innovation aus ihrer (vegetativ) terminalen Stellung verdrängen (z. B. Aesculus). Das ist zwar ein starker Wechsel im Gefüge, doch bleiben die vegetativen Merkmale der OE alle erhalten. (b) Sowohl Johannistriebe als auch sylleptische Triebe werden als eigene OEs aufgefaßt, weil das Muster der OE nicht zeitbezogen ist (z. B. Fagus). (c) Die Zweigablösung ist keineswegs irregulär, sondern ergreift zuerst die schwächsten und dann die stärksten Seitenzweige, womit sie dem Muster der OE folgt (z. B. Quercus sp.). (d) Reïteration ist die Fähigkeit, aus schlafenden Knospen neue Triebe zu bilden. Da die schlafenden Knospen grundsätzlich in proximaler Position an der OE stehen, ist die Position der reïterativen Zweige vorgegeben (z. B. Tilia). (e) Umweltschäden beeinträchtigen die Ausbildung der OEs in der Form einer graduellen Abschwächung je nach Schweregrad der Schädigung. Das OE‐Muster wird als solches davon aber nicht verändert.
Blüten und Blütenbesucher bei Onosma (Boraginaceae – Lithospermeae)
Authors: Teppner H. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractOnosma hat Röhrenblumen mit einem meist in der Röhre eingeschlossenen Streukegel. Im Grunde der Kronröhre sammelt sich der von einem Diskusnektarium abgeschiedene Nektar. Der Pollen aus dem Streukegel kann entweder durch verschiedene Manipulationen, z. B. mittels der Mandibel und Vorderbeine, oder durch Vibrationssammeln ausgebeutet werden. In Onosma‐Kulturen in Mitteleuropa sind Anthophora acervorum‐Weibchen und Arbeiterinnen verschiedener Bombus‐Arten die wichtigsten Bestäüber. In Nordgriechenland erwies sich besonders die oligolektisch an Onosma gebundene Osmia apicata als häufiger und regelmäßiger Bestäüber die Weibchen sammeln ohne Vibration. Bei Chalicodoma parierina‐ und Anthophora biciliata‐Weibchen wurde ebenfalls keine Vibration beobachtet. Vibrationssammeln betreiben dagegen Cubitalia morio‐Weibchen, über deren Verhalten nichts bekannt war; sie sind offensichtlich ebenfalls oligolektisch an Onosma gebunden. Die untersuchten Onosma‐Arten waren O. helvetica BOISS., O. heterophylla GRISEB. und O. stojanoffi (TURILL) TEPPNER comb. nov.
The genus Handkea KREISEL (Basidiomycetes, Lycoperdaceae) in the southern hemisphere
Authors: Kreisel H. , Moreno G. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractLanopila capensis C. G. LLOYD from South Africa is combined as Handkea capensis (C. G. LLOYD) comb. nova. Handkea utriformis is known from several places in Fireland and southern Chile. The genus Handkea has a characteristic bizonal disjunct distribution.