bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Le travail des professionnels de la relation d'aide : jongler avec des gratifications et des souffrances
Authors: Edey Gamassou Claire , Moisson-Duthoit Virginie 
Published: June 2012

Résumé Les problèmes de stress et d’épuisement que vivent les professionnels de la relation d’aide sont-ils la contrepartie inévitable de leur dévouement ? Nous visons dans cet article à permettre de comprendre la complexité des situations propres au travail de relation d’aide, en nous appuyant sur la documentation et sur des entrevues menées auprès de professionnels de ce domaine. Ainsi, nous insistons sur deux types de gratifications, soit la reconnaissance exprimée par les personnes aidées et la fierté d’exercer un métier qu’on aime. De même, nous examinons deux sources de souffrance au travail, soit la perte du sens du travail et le manque de reconnaissance et de respect de la part de la direction. Par la suite, nous précisons certaines voies que peuvent emprunter les employeurs et les employés afin de mieux maîtriser le paradoxe des gratifications et de la souffrance qu’on observe dans les milieux orientés vers la relation d’aide. Nous proposons aux dirigeants des conseils axés sur le respect des forces des professionnels de la relation d’aide, sur la sauvegarde du sens du travail de ces derniers et sur leur besoin de reconnaissance. Puis, nous donnons des conseils aux professionnels afin qu’ils puissent s’occuper d’eux-mêmes, prendre une saine distance par rapport au travail, faire preuve d’authenticité et d’honnêteté envers eux-mêmes et les autres et, au besoin, demander de l’aide.
Comment prévenir une crise ? Les leçons tirées des plaintes de maltraitance au Centre de soins de longue durée Saint-Charles-Borromée
Authors: Lalonde Carole , Roux-Dufort Christophe 
Published: June 2012

Résumé La gestion inadéquate d’une crise peut mener à l’adoption de mesures aussi problématiques, sinon plus, que les maux qu’elle cherche à résoudre. Le cas du Centre d’hébergement de soins de longue durée Saint-Charles-Borromée montre comment une gestion autoritaire et punitive, bien que légitimant l’intervention gouvernementale aux yeux du public et permettant de redresser à court terme la situation, réussit rarement à faire disparaître les zones de vulnérabilité avec lesquelles l’organisation doit composer quotidiennement. Les enseignements apportés par la gestion de la crise dans ce CHSLD peuvent toutefois être généralisés à d’autres types d’organisations et répondre à des questions que nombre de dirigeants se posent : comment mieux gérer une crise ? Comment s’attaquer aux causes profondes d’une crise plutôt que de se borner à éteindre les feux et à distribuer les blâmes ? Cet article présente les faits saillants d’une crise particulière. Puis, nous analysons ce cas en faisant ressortir les sources de risques associées aux diverses parties prenantes (la société, l’institution et l’administration locale, le personnel soignant et les patients). Par la suite, nous montrons que, dans la gestion d’une crise, les interventions de contrôle doivent se conjuguer avec des interventions proactives et préventives portant sur le caractère systémique de la crise. Enfin, pour tirer des leçons de cette crise, nous donnons des conseils de gestion tant aux établissements de santé qu’aux organisations en général afin de prévenir l’apparition de telles crises.
Écrire le contraste au-delà des typologies : l'apport de l'histoire croisée à la comparaison internationale
Authors: Gally Natacha 
Published: June 2012

Résumé Cet article présente une expérience de comparaison internationale de deux cas habituellement considérés comme très différents. En s’appuyant sur les travaux sur l’histoire croisée, il tente de dépasser les écueils traditionnels des typologies : leur caractère statique dans le temps et leur insuffisante prise en compte de l’interdépendance des cas considérés. La mise en évidence des rapports asymétriques du comparatiste aux terrains de l’enquête, d’une part, et l’analyse des circulations internationales entre les deux cas, d’autre part, permet de réintroduire ces deux dimensions – temporelle et spatiale – dans la comparaison de cas contrastés. Cette démarche donne ainsi des clés pour tenir ensemble, dans l’écriture de la comparaison, la singularité des configurations nationales et les enjeux communs aux trajectoires des cas étudiés. L’histoire croisée se révèle un outil précieux pour construire le fragile équilibre du plan comparatif, entre restitution monographique faisant la part belle aux terrains de l’enquête et comparaison systématique permettant la montée en généralité.
Écrire la comparaison lorsque les données sont asymétriques. Une analyse de l'engagement dans les dispositifs participatifs brésiliens
Authors: Sa Vilas Boas Marie-Hélène 
Published: June 2012

Résumé La méthode comparative suppose d’appliquer les mêmes techniques d’investigation aux cas étudiés afin de recueillir des données similaires. Toutefois, cette démarche n’est pas toujours heuristique ni même possible, selon le déroulement des enquêtes de terrain. Cet article aborde l’écriture de la comparaison en interrogeant, dans un premier temps, l’exigence de symétrie au cœur de l’approche comparative. L’on peut se demander en effet si l’asymétrie constitue un écueil ou un problème consubstantiel à la comparaison. Il analyse ensuite l’« acte » d’écriture dans le processus de recherche afin de comprendre l’influence de la rédaction sur la comparaison.
Structural and Catalytic Characterization of Pichia stipitis OYE 2.6, a Useful Biocatalyst for Asymmetric Alkene Reductions
Authors: Pompeu Yuri A. , Sullivan Bradford , Walton Adam Z. , Stewart Jon D. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractWe have probed Pichia stipitis CBS 6054 Old Yellow Enzyme 2.6 (OYE 2.6) by several strategies including X‐ray crystallography, ligand binding and catalytic assays using the wild‐type as well as libraries of site‐saturation mutants. The alkene reductase crystallized in space group P 63 2 2 with unit cell dimensions of 127.1×123.4 Å and its structure was solved to 1.5 Å resolution by molecular replacement. The protein environment surrounding the flavin mononucleotide (FMN) cofactor was very similar to those of other OYE superfamily members; however, differences in the putative substrate binding site were also observed. Substrate analog complexes were analyzed by both UV‐Vis titration and X‐ray crystallography to provide information on possible substrate binding interactions. In addition, four active site residues were targeted for site saturation mutagenesis (Thr 35, Ile 113, His 188, His 191) and each library was tested against three representative Baylis–Hillman adducts. Thr 35 could be replaced by Ser with no change in activity; other amino acids (Ala, Cys, Leu, Met, Gln and Val) resulted in diminished catalytic efficiency. The Ile 113 replacement library yielded a range of catalytic activities, but had very little impact on stereoselectivity. Finally, the two His residues (188 and 191) were essentially intolerant of substitutions with the exception of the His 191 Asn mutant, which did show significant catalytic ability. Structural comparisons between OYE 2.6 and Saccharomyces pastorianus OYE1 suggest that the key interactions between the substrate hydroxymethyl groups and the side‐chain of Thr 35 and/or Tyr 78 play an important role in making OYE 2.6 an (S)‐selective alkene reductase.
Dose dependent expression of HDAC4 causes variable expressivity in a novel inherited case of brachydactyly mental retardation syndrome
Authors: Morris Benjamin , Etoubleau Cécile , Bourthoumieu Sylvie , Reynaud‐Perrine Sandrine , Laroche Cécile , Lebbar Aziza , Yardin Catherine , Elsea Sarah H. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractHistone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) serves important roles in multiple human systems, including neurological, cardiac, and skeletal functions. Mutation or deletion of HDAC4 causes brachydactyly mental retardation syndrome (BDMR), a disorder that includes intellectual disability, behavioral abnormalities, autism spectrum disorder, and craniofacial and skeletal anomalies, including brachydactyly type E. We present a case of familial BDMR, including a parent with mild symptoms of the disorder and a child exhibiting a more severe phenotype. Cytogenetic testing showed a cryptic balanced translocation in the mother that resulted in a 2q37.1 monosomy and a 10q26.1 trisomy in the son. Gene expression analyses demonstrated 67% HDAC4 expression in the mother and 23% HDAC4 expression in the son relative to normal controls, lending evidence to the hypothesis that HDAC4 modulates severity of this disorder in a dosage‐dependent manner. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Narrative medicine in clinical genetics practice
Authors: Nowaczyk Małgorzata J.M. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractOver the last 30 years medicine has undergone a significant paradigm shift. Due to the tremendous advances of modern medicine more and more people are living longer with their illnesses. These people have stories to tell, and they want these stories to be heard: They are reclaiming their voices. As clinical geneticists we need to hear what these voices are telling us, especially so in our area of clinical care where cures are rare, and disease states can be permanent. Narrative medicine is an important new skill set that hones abilities to do just that.This article highlights how integral narrative medicine is to clinical genetics practice, how geneticists already employ many of its tools and how they practice it diligently every day. I will show how geneticists can further improve their abilities to hear and honor patients' stories by writing and sharing stories with patients and with each other as doctors, counselors, and nurses, social workers and chaplains. The review presents the skills of close reading and how they improve patient care and illustrates how geneticists can, by using reflective writing, reshape their emotions in order to understand them, to let them go, and to make room for more. It presents the major types of illness narratives whose recognition allows us to hear and understand patients' stories. When used, the tools of narrative medicine can result in better patient care. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synergistic effects of hydroxides and dimethyl methylphosphonate on rigid halogen‐free and flame‐retarding polyurethane foams
Authors: Zhang Anzhen , Zhang Yihe , Lv Fengzhu , Chu Paul K. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractRigid halogen‐free and flame‐retarding polyurethane foams are prepared with aluminum hydroxide, brucite, and DMMP. The effects of the hydroxides and DMMP on the foaming process and flame retarding properties of the foams are investigated by thermo gravimetric analysis, limiting oxygen index, and X‐ray powder diffraction. The thermal stability of the rigid polyurethane foams is close to that of the hydroxide fillers, with aluminum hydroxide providing better flammability performance than brucite. The hydroxide fillers and DMMP play a synergistic role in the rigid polyurethane foams and the limiting oxygen indices are up to 28.4% and 32.4%, respectively. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
High‐throughput process development of chromatography steps: Advantages and limitations of different formats used
Authors: Łącki Karol M. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractIn the past, development of a chromatographic separation method has been accomplished by performing a series of experiments using either manual or automated chromatography systems. The screening of a vast experimental space became very expensive because all experiments had to be performed in a serial manner, and the chromatography systems used were designed for relatively large columns and, therefore, the experiments required large sample volumes. To address these issues, high‐throughput miniaturized methods employing different operating principles and/or formats have been introduced. Herein, a technical review of the most common high‐throughput formats used for the development of chromatographic purification steps is presented. The formats considered include minicolumns, prefilled pipette tips, and microtiter filter plates prefilled with chromatography resins. Advantages and limitations of each format are discussed through the prism of chromatographic theory, engineering principles, and known mass‐transfer mechanisms. A roadmap for applicability of the different formats for process development purposes and implementation of a Quality by Design initiative for designing/optimization of chromatography steps is also discussed.
Maternal separation is associated with strain‐specific responses to stress and epigenetic alterations to Nr3c1, Avp, and Nr4a1 in mouse
Authors: Kember R. L. , Dempster E. L. , Lee T. H. A. , Schalkwyk L. C. , Mill J. , Fernandes C. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractStressful events early in life have been widely linked to behavioral phenotypes and have been implicated in the development of psychiatric disorders. Using a maternal separation paradigm, we investigated phenotypic and epigenetic changes following early life stress in two inbred strains of mice, C57BL/6J and DBA/2J. We found an increase in the corticosterone response to stress in male, C57BL/6J mice that had undergone maternal separation compared to controls. In addition, early life stress induced a number of mild but significant behavioral changes, many of which were sex and strain dependent. Following maternal separation anxiety was decreased in males but increased in DBA/2J females, DBA/2J males displayed reduced exploration of a novel object, and baseline activity was altered in males of both strains. Finally, we examined DNA methylation levels in the hippocampus across promoter regions of Nr3c1, Avp, and Nr4a1, and found altered levels at several CpG sites in maternally separated male mice compared to controls. This study contributes to a growing body of recent literature suggesting that epigenetic changes may mediate the impact of early life stress on behavior. In particular, we establish that the phenotypic and epigenetic responses to an adverse environment differ as a function of genetic background.
Volatile Lactones from Streptomycetes Arise via the Antimycin Biosynthetic Pathway
Authors: Riclea Ramona , Aigle Bertrand , Leblond Pierre , Schoenian Ilka , Spiteller Dieter , Dickschat Jeroen S. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe volatiles released by several streptomycetes were collected by using a closed‐loop stripping apparatus (CLSA) and analysed by GC–MS. The obtained headspace extracts of various species contained blastmycinone, a known degradation product of the fungicidal antibiotic, antimycin A3b, and several unknown derivatives. The suggested structures of these compounds, based on their mass spectra and GC retention indices, were confirmed by comparison to synthetic reference samples. Additional compounds found in the headspace extracts were butenolides formed from the blastmycinones by elimination of the carboxylic acid moiety. Analysis of a gene knockout mutant in the antimycin biosynthetic gene cluster demonstrated that all blastmycinones and butenolides are formed via the antimycin biosynthetic pathway. The structural variation of the blastmycinones identified here is much larger than within the known antimycins, thus suggesting that several antimycin derivatives remain to be discovered.
Oxidation Kinetics of Carbon Deposited on Cerium‐Doped FePO4 during Dehydration of Glycerol to Acrolein
Authors: Patience G. S. , Farrie Y. , Devaux J.‐F. , Dubois J.‐L. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractA cerium‐doped FePO4 catalyst dehydrates glycerol to acrolein in the gas phase but carbon accumulation reduces the reaction rate with time. Reaction rates may be maintained for longer times by co‐feeding low concentrations of oxygen together with the glycerol, but the acrolein yield drops proportionally to the oxygen concentration. The catalyst is easily regenerated by air and the reaction rate is proportional to both the oxygen concentration and quantity of carbon. The carbonaceous deposits may be due to both glycerol and acrolein: when either is fed to the catalyst, the CO2/CO ratio is close to 1; during the regeneration step, the CO2/CO ratio is near 4. A kinetic model of first order in both oxygen concentration and adsorbed sites characterizes the transient data very well.
The Stereoselective Sulfate Conjugation of 4′‐Methoxyfenoterol Stereoisomers by Sulfotransferase Enzymes
Authors: Iyer Lalitha V. , Ramamoorthy Anuradha , Rutkowska Ewelina , Furimsky Anna M. , Tang Liang , Catz Paul , Green Carol E. , Jozwiak Krzysztof , Wainer Irving W. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTThe presystemic sulfate conjugation of the stereoisomers of 4′‐methoxyfenoterol, (R,R′)‐MF, (S,S′)‐MF, (R,S′)‐MF, and (S,R′)‐MF, was investigated using commercially available human intestinal S9 fractions, a mixture of sulfotransferase (SULT) enzymes. The results indicate that the sulfation was stereospecific and that an S‐configuration at the β‐OH carbon of the MF molecule enhanced the maximal formation rates with (S,R′)‐MF  (S,S′)‐MF  (R,S′)‐MF ≈ (R,R′)‐MF, and competition studies demonstrated that (S,R′)‐MF is an effective inhibitor of (R,R′)‐MF sulfation (IC50 = 60 μM). In addition, the results from a cDNA‐expressed human SULT isoform screen indicated that SULT1A1, SULT1A3, and SULT1E1 can mediate the sulfation of all four MF stereoisomers. Previously published molecular models of SULT1A3 and SULT1A1 were used in docking simulations of the MF stereoisomers using Molegro Virtual Docker. The models of the MF‐SULT1A3 and MF‐SULT1A1 complexes indicate that each of the two chiral centers of MF molecule plays a role in the observed relative stabilities. The observed stereoselectivity is the result of multiple hydrogen bonding interactions and induced conformational changes within the substrate–enzyme complex. In conclusion, the results suggest that a formulation developed from a mixture of (R,R′)‐MF and (S,R′)‐MF may increase the oral bioavailability of (R,R′)‐MF. Chirality 24:796–803, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Relationship Between Glycosylated Hemoglobin and Myocardial Perfusion Imaging
Authors: Lynn Fillipon Nicole M. , Kitkungvan Danai , Dani Sourbha S. , Downey Brian C. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBackground:The relationship between long‐term glucose control (measured by glycosylated hemoglobin [HgbA1C]) and myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) abnormalities in symptomatic diabetic patients has not been studied.Hypothesis:We hypothesized that diabetic patients with poorly controlled HgbA1C would have more abnormal MPI compared to both patients without diabetes and diabetic patients with tighter glycemic control.Methods:This was a retrospective evaluation of 1037 consecutive patients referred for MPI. All patients completed a 1‐day MPI protocol. The electronic medical records were accessed for demographics and relevant medical history.Results:Diabetic patients had a higher risk of abnormal MPI (including ischemia, infarction, and mixed ischemia/infarction) compared to nondiabetic patients (relative risk [RR] = 1.77). The populations with suboptimal (HgbA1C ≥7%) and poor (HgbA1C ≥8%) glycemic control had significantly higher risk of abnormal MPI (RR = 1.78 and 2.17, respectively) compared to nondiabetic patients. Coronary angiography supported the MPI results; 66% of diabetic patients had coronary artery disease (CAD), which was higher than the 53% of patients without diabetes found to have CAD.Conclusions:The importance of strict glycemic control to reduce cardiovascular complications in diabetic patients is well known. Our study shows a significantly higher risk of abnormal MPI and CAD in diabetic patients with suboptimal and poor long‐term glycemic control, further emphasizing the need for aggressive risk factor modification to minimize vascular complications from DM. Clin. Cardiol. 2012 doi: 10.1002/clc.22028The authors have no funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose.
Actin cytoskeleton in cell polarity and asymmetric division during mouse oocyte maturation
Authors: Yi Kexi , Li Rong 
Published: June 2012

AbstractMammalian oocyte maturation involves two successive rounds of extremely asymmetric cell divisions (known as polar body extrusion) to generate a functional haploid egg. Successful polar body extrusion relies on establishment of an asymmetric spindle position and cortical polarity. Decades of studies using mouse oocytes as a model have revealed critical roles for a dynamic actin cytoskeleton in this process. Here, we review the contribution of actin to the critical events during oocyte meiotic cell divisions with an emphasis on recent advances in understanding the underlying molecular and physical mechanisms. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc
Dynamic branch speculation in a speculative parallelization architecture for computer clusters
Authors: Puiggali Joan , Szymanski Boleslaw K. , Jové Teo , Marzo Jose L. 
Published: June 2012

SUMMARYThis article describes a technique for path unfolding for conditional branches in parallel programs executed on clusters. Unfolding paths following control structures makes it possible to break the control dependencies existing in the code and consequently to obtain a high degree of parallelism through the use of idle CPUs. The main challenge of this technique is to deal with sequences of control statements. When a control statement appears in a path after a branch, a new conditional block needs to be opened, creating a new code split before the previous one is resolved. Such subsequent code splits increase the cost of speculation management, resulting in reduced profits. Several decision techniques have been developed for improving code splitting and speculation efficiency in single machine architecture. The main contribution of this paper is to apply such techniques to a cluster of single processor systems and evaluate them in such an environment. Our results demonstrate that code splitting in conjunction with branch speculation and the use of statistical information improves the performance measured by the number of processes executed in a time unit. This improvement is particularly significant when the parallelized programs contain iterative structures in which conditions are repeatedly executed. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sustainable Production of Syngas from Biomass‐Derived Glycerol by Steam Reforming over Highly Stable Ni/SiC
Authors: Kim Sung Min , Woo Seong Ihl 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe production of syngas was investigated by steam reforming glycerol over Ni/Al2O3, Ni/CeO2, and Ni/SiC (which have acidic, basic, and neutral properties) at temperatures below 773 K. The complete and stable conversion of glycerol with a yield (higher than 90 %) of gaseous products (mainly syngas) was achieved over Ni/SiC during a 60 h reaction, whereas the conversion of glycerol continually decreases over Ni/Al2O3 (by 49.8 %) and Ni/CeO2 (by 77.1 %). The deactivation of Ni/Al2O3 and Ni/CeO2 is mainly caused by coke deposition because of the CC cleavage of the byproducts produced by dehydration over acidic sites and condensation over basic sites. Gaseous products with a 1.0–1.9 syngas ratio (H2/CO) are produced over Ni/SiC. This ratio is required for the Fischer–Tropsch synthesis. However, a syngas ratio of more than 3.0 was observed over Ni/Al2O3 and Ni/CeO2 because of the high activity of the water–gas‐shift reaction. Any dissociative or associative adsorption of water on Al2O3 and CeO2 promotes a water–gas‐shift reaction and produces a higher syngas ratio. H2 and CO were mainly produced by decomposition of glycerol through dehydrogenation and decarbonylation over Ni sites. Thus, SiC promotes an intrinsic contribution of nickel (dehydrogenation, and decarbonylation) without any byproducts from the dehydration and condensation.