bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and in-hospital mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease and coronary artery disease in the intensive care unit
Authors: Luo Jingjing , Zhou Yufan , Song Yu , Wang Dashuai , Li Meihong , Du Xinling , Kang Jihong , Ye Ping , Xia Jiahong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios (NLR) and the risk of in-hospital death in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with both chronic kidney disease (CKD) and coronary artery disease (CAD).

Methods
Data from the MIMIC-IV database, which includes a vast collection of more than 50,000 ICU admissions occurring between 2008 and 2019, was utilized in the study and eICU-CRD was conducted for external verification. The Boruta algorithm was employed for feature selection. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses and multivariate restricted cubic spline regression were employed to scrutinize the association between NLR and in-hospital mortality. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were conducted to estimate the predictive ability of NLR.

Results
After carefully applying criteria to include and exclude participants, a total of 2254 patients with CKD and CAD were included in the research. The findings showed a median NLR of 7.3 (4.4, 12.1). The outcomes of multivariable logistic regression demonstrated that NLR significantly elevated the risk of in-hospital mortality (OR 2.122, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.542–2.921, P < 0.001) after accounting for all relevant factors. Further insights from subgroup analyses unveiled that age and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores displayed an interactive effect in the correlation between NLR and in-hospital deaths. The NLR combined with traditional cardiovascular risk factors showed relatively great predictive value for in-hospital mortality (AUC 0.750).

Conclusion
The findings of this research indicate that the NLR can be used as an indicator for predicting the likelihood of death during a patient’s stay in the intensive care unit, particularly for individuals with both CAD and CKD. The results indicate that NLR may serve as a valuable tool for assessing and managing risks in this group at high risk. Further investigation is required to authenticate these findings and investigate the mechanisms that underlie the correlation between NLR and mortality in individuals with CAD and CKD.
A review of electronic devices for tracking small and medium migratory shorebirds
Authors: Gould Lori A. , Manning Adrian D. , McGinness Heather M. , Hansen Birgita D. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSmall- to medium-sized shorebirds (< 200 g) can be particularly difficult to track with electronic devices due to their small size and long-distance migrations which place restrictions on device weight and size. A lack of comparative information on suitable tracking devices makes selecting the most appropriate technology time consuming and complex and can result in duplication of effort for each research project. The purpose of this paper is to address this issue by presenting a review of the scientific literature and commercially available devices to help inform device selection as well as options for attachment. The ideal device for tracking small to medium migratory shorebirds would be light weight (< 5% of a bird bodyweight), flat in profile, durable, have high battery longevity, remote data download, easy to attach from a bird welfare perspective, high spatiotemporal resolution and would be low in cost (so that a large enough sample size can be obtained). This ideal device does not yet exist due to the limitations on the weight of the power supply necessary to obtain frequent, high resolution location fixes over long time periods. As a result, the current choice of device depends on the purpose of the study. Platform Transmitter Terminal (PTT) doppler devices are suitable for tracking long distance movement due to their smaller size and lighter weight (around 2 g), but produce lower resolution location data and are expensive. For tracking smaller-scale movements (i.e., tens of kilometres), Global Positioning System (GPS) devices are more suitable, because they produce higher-resolution location data and are often more cost effective but tend to be heavier. Other device options for obtaining movement data include radio telemetry and light-level geolocators, which are generally lighter and cheaper than GPS or Doppler devices but require more effort to retrieve data and often produce lower resolution location data. Attachment methods and materials vary, but the most suitable is usually leg loop harnesses made with soft materials that are likely to degrade (e.g., elastic). Device type and harness design need to be carefully chosen to minimize potential impacts on the animal.
Self-reported health related quality of life in children and adolescents with an eating disorder
Authors: Wever A. , van Gerner E. , Jansen J.C.M , Levelink B. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Eating disorders in children and adolescents can have serious medical and psychological consequences. The objective of this retrospective quantitative study is to gain insight in self-reported Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) of children and adolescents with a DSM-5 diagnosis of an eating disorder.

Method
Collect and analyse data of patients aged 8–18 years, receiving treatment for an eating disorder. At the start and end of treatment patients completed the KIDSCREEN-52, a questionnaire measuring HRQoL.

Results
Data of 140 patients were analysed. Children diagnosed with Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, and Other Specified Feeding or Eating Disorder all had lower HRQoL on multiple dimensions at the start of treatment, there is no statistically significant difference between these groups. In contrast, patients with Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder only had lower HRQoL for the dimension Physical Well-Being. HRQoL showed a significant improvement in many dimensions between start and end of treatment, but did not normalize compared to normative reference values of Dutch children.

Conclusion
The current study showed that self-reported HRQoL is low in children with eating disorders, both at the beginning but also at the end of treatment. This confirms the importance of continuing to invest in the various HRQoL domains.
Disulfidptosis decoded: a journey through cell death mysteries, regulatory networks, disease paradigms and future directions
Authors: Chen Jinyu , Ma Boyuan , Yang Yubiao , Wang Bitao , Hao Jian , Zhou Xianhu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCell death is an important part of the life cycle, serving as a foundation for both the orderly development and the maintenance of physiological equilibrium within organisms. This process is fundamental, as it eliminates senescent, impaired, or aberrant cells while also promoting tissue regeneration and immunological responses. A novel paradigm of programmed cell death, known as disulfidptosis, has recently emerged in the scientific circle. Disulfidptosis is defined as the accumulation of cystine by cancer cells with high expression of the solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) during glucose starvation. This accumulation causes extensive disulfide linkages between F-actins, resulting in their contraction and subsequent detachment from the cellular membrane, triggering cellular death. The RAC1-WRC axis is involved in this phenomenon. Disulfidptosis sparked growing interest due to its potential applications in a variety of pathologies, particularly oncology, neurodegenerative disorders, and metabolic anomalies. Nonetheless, the complexities of its regulatory pathways remain elusive, and its precise molecular targets have yet to be definitively identified. This manuscript aims to meticulously dissect the historical evolution, molecular underpinnings, regulatory frameworks, and potential implications of disulfidptosis in various disease contexts, illuminating its promise as a groundbreaking therapeutic pathway and target.
Microfluidics for disease diagnostics based on surface-enhanced raman scattering detection
Authors: Yu Xiangdong , Park Sohyun , Lee Sungwoon , Joo Sang-Woo , Choo Jaebum 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis review reports diverse microfluidic systems utilizing surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection for disease diagnosis. Integrating SERS detection technology, providing high-sensitivity detection, and microfluidic technology for manipulating small liquid samples in microdevices has expanded the analytical capabilities previously confined to larger settings. This study explores the principles and uses of various SERS-based microfluidic devices developed over the last two decades. Specifically, we investigate the operational principles of documented SERS-based microfluidic devices, including continuous-flow channels, microarray-embedded microfluidic channels, droplet microfluidic channels, digital droplet channels, and gradient microfluidic channels. We also examine their applications in biomedical diagnostics. In conclusion, we summarize the areas requiring further development to translate these SERS-based microfluidic technologies into practical applications in clinical diagnostics.
Ecology of aerobic anoxygenic phototrophs on a fine-scale taxonomic resolution in Adriatic Sea unravelled by unsupervised neural network
Authors: Stojan Iva , Šantić Danijela , Villena-Alemany Cristian , Trumbić Željka , Matić Frano , Vrdoljak Tomaš Ana , Lepen Pleić Ivana , Piwosz Kasia , Kušpilić Grozdan , Ninčević Gladan Živana , Šestanović Stefanija , Šolić Mladen 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Aerobic anoxygenic phototrophs are metabolically highly active, diverse and widespread polyphyletic members of bacterioplankton whose photoheterotrophic capabilities shifted the paradigm about simplicity of the microbial food chain. Despite their considerable contribution to the transformation of organic matter in marine environments, relatively little is still known about their community structure and ecology at fine-scale taxonomic resolution. Up to date, there is no comprehensive (i.e. qualitative and quantitative) analysis of their community composition in the Adriatic Sea.

Results
Analysis was based on pufM gene metabarcoding and quantitative FISH-IR approach with the use of artificial neural network. Significant seasonality was observed with regards to absolute abundances (maximum average abundances in spring 2.136 ± 0.081 × 104 cells mL−1, minimum in summer 0.86 × 104 cells mL−1), FISH-IR groups (Roseobacter clade prevalent in autumn, other Alpha- and Gammaproteobacteria in summer) and pufM sequencing data agglomerated at genus-level. FISH-IR results revealed heterogeneity with the highest average relative contribution of AAPs assigned to Roseobacter clade (37.66%), followed by Gammaproteobacteria (35.25%) and general Alphaproteobacteria (31.15%). Community composition obtained via pufM sequencing was dominated by Gammaproteobacteria clade NOR5/OM60, specifically genus Luminiphilus, with numerous rare genera present in relative abundances below 1%. The use of artificial neural network connected this community to biotic (heterotrophic bacteria, HNA and LNA bacteria, Synechococcus, Prochlorococcus, picoeukaryotes, heterotrophic nanoflagellates, bacterial production) and abiotic environmental factors (temperature, salinity, chlorophyll a and nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, total nitrogen, silicate, and orthophosphate concentration). A type of neural network, neural gas analysis at order-, genus- and ASV-level, resulted in five distinct best matching units (representing particular environments) and revealed that high diversity was generally independent of temperature, salinity, and trophic status of the environment, indicating a potentially dissimilar behaviour of aerobic anoxygenic phototrophs compared to the general bacterioplankton.

Conclusion
This research represents the first comprehensive analysis of aerobic anoxygenic phototrophs in the Adriatic Sea on a trophic gradient during a year-round period. This study is also one of the first reports of their genus-level ecology linked to biotic and abiotic environmental factors revealed by unsupervised neural network algorithm, paving the way for further research of substantial contribution of this important bacterial functional group to marine ecosystems.
Swedish massage as an adjunct approach to Help suppOrt individuals Pregnant after Experiencing a prior Stillbirth (HOPES): a convergent parallel mixed-methods single-arm feasibility trial protocol
Authors: Fogarty Sarah , Heazell Alexander E. P. , Munk Niki , Hay Phillipa 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Women experiencing pregnancy after stillbirth experience high levels of anxiety, fear and depression. Standard antenatal care may be emotionally unsuitable for many women at this time, and there is a lack of evidence on what interventions or approaches to care might benefit these women. Therapeutic massage may assist women after stillbirth by decreasing anxiety, worry and stress.

Objective
This paper outlines the objectives, methodology, outcome and assessment measures for the Helping suppOrt individuals Pregnant after Experiencing a Stillbirth (HOPES) feasibility trial which evaluates massage as an adjunct approach to care for pregnant women who have experienced a prior stillbirth. It also outlines data collection timing and considerations for analysing the data.

Methods
HOPES will use a convergent parallel mixed-methods, single-arm repeated measures trial design in trained massage therapists’ private clinics across Australia. HOPES aims to recruit 75 individuals pregnant after a previous stillbirth. The intervention is massage therapy treatments, and participants will receive up to five massages within a 4-month period at intervals of their choosing. Primary quantitative outcomes are the feasibility and acceptability of the massage intervention. Secondary outcomes include determining the optimal timing of massage therapy delivery and the collection of measures for anxiety, worry, stress and self-management. A thematic analysis of women’s experiences undertaking the intervention will also be conducted. A narrative and joint display approach to integrate mixed-methods data is planned.

Discussion
The HOPES study will determine the feasibility and preliminary evidence for massage therapy as an intervention to support women who are pregnant after a stillbirth.
Trial registration.
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05636553. Registered on December 3, 2022, and the trial is ongoing.
Variants in structural cardiac genes in patients with cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction after anthracycline chemotherapy: a case control study
Authors: Boen Hanne M. , Alaerts Maaike , Goovaerts Inge , Saenen Johan B. , Franssen Constantijn , Vorlat Anne , Vermeulen Tom , Heidbuchel Hein , Van Laer Lut , Loeys Bart , Van Craenenbroeck Emeline M. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Variants in cardiomyopathy genes have been identified in patients with cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD), suggesting a genetic predisposition for the development of CTRCD. The diagnostic yield of genetic testing in a CTRCD population compared to a cardiomyopathy patient cohort is not yet known and information on which genes should be assessed in this population is lacking.

Methods
We retrospectively included 46 cancer patients with a history of anthracycline induced CTRCD (defined as a decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) to < 50% and a ≥ 10% reduction from baseline by echocardiography). Genetic testing was performed for 59 established cardiomyopathy genes. Only variants of uncertain significance and (likely) pathogenic variants were included. Diagnostic yield of genetic testing was compared with a matched cohort of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM, n = 46) and a matched cohort of patients without cardiac disease (n = 111).

Results
Average LVEF at time of CTRCD diagnosis was 30.1 ± 11.0%. Patients were 52.9 ± 14.6 years old at time of diagnosis and 30 (65.2%) were female. Most patients were treated for breast cancer or lymphoma, with a median doxorubicin equivalent dose of 300 mg/m2 [112.5-540.0]. A genetic variant, either pathogenic, likely pathogenic or of uncertain significance, was identified in 29/46 (63.0%) of patients with CTRCD, which is similar to the DCM cohort (34/46, 73.9%, p = 0.262), but significantly higher than in the negative control cohort (47/111, 39.6%, p = 0.018). Variants in TTN were the most prevalent in the CTRCD cohort (43% of all variants). All (likely) pathogenic variants identified in the CTRCD cohort were truncating variants in TTN.
There were no significant differences in severity of CTRCD and in recovery rate in variant-harbouring individuals versus non-variant harbouring individuals.

Conclusions
In this case-control study, cancer patients with anthracycline-induced CTRCD have an increased burden of genetic variants in cardiomyopathy genes, similar to a DCM cohort. If validated in larger prospective studies, integration of genetic data in risk prediction models for CTRCD may guide cancer treatment. Moreover, genetic results have important clinical impact, both for the patient in the setting of precision medicine, as for the family members that will receive genetic counselling.
Association between perioperative non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use and cardiovascular complications after non-cardiac surgery in older adult patients
Authors: Komatsu Ryu , Singleton Michael D. , Dinges Emily M. , Wu Jiang , Bollag Laurent A. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
We investigated in older adult non-cardiac surgical patients whether receipt of perioperative non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is associated with increased incidence of postoperative cardiovascular complications.

Methods
We retrospectively extracted the information for patients with age ≥  65 years who had inpatient non-cardiac surgery with a duration of ≥  1 h from the American College of Surgeons-National Surgical Quality Improvement Program registry data acquired at the University of Washington Medical Center. We compared patients who received NSAIDs perioperatively to those who did not receive NSAIDs, on the two composite outcomes: (1) the incidence of postoperative cardiovascular complications within 30 days of the surgery, and (2) the incidence of combined postoperative gastrointestinal and renal complications, and length of postoperative hospital stay. We used separate multivariable logistic regression models to analyze the two composite outcomes and a Poisson regression model for the length of hospital stay.

Results
The receipt of perioperative NSAIDs was not associated with postoperative cardiovascular complications (estimated odds ratio (OR), 1.78; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.97 to 3.25; P =  0.06), combined renal and gastrointestinal complications (estimated OR, 1.30; 95% CI, 0.53 to 3.20; P =  0.57), and length of postoperative hospital stay in days (incidence rate ratio, 1.06; 95% CI, 0.93 to 1.21; P =  0.39).

Conclusions
In older adult non-cardiac surgical patients, receipt of perioperative NSAIDs was not associated with increased incidences of postoperative cardiovascular complications, and renal and gastrointestinal complications within 30 days after surgery, or length of postoperative hospital stay.
Projections of functional dependence among the late middle-aged and older population from 2018-2048 in China: a dynamic microsimulation
Authors: Jiang Yawen , Li Limin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
The population of China is aging rapidly. However, the long-term trajectories of functionally dependent late middle-aged and older Chinese people are currently absent. The present study aimed to estimate the population size and proportion of late middle-aged and older adults with difficulties and dependence on activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) in China from 2018 to 2048.

Methods
We constructed a dynamic microsimulation model to project the population size and proportions of late middle-aged and older Chinese people who have difficulty and dependence in ADL and IADL from 2018-2048. The model was populated with a representative sample of the target population and allowed individual-level interaction between risk factors, diseases, and health outcomes. Analyses by socioeconomic subgroups were also conducted.

Results
Almost 25% and 38% of late middle-aged and older people in China will become ADL- and IADL-dependent by 2048, respectively. Also, 17% of the target population will be severely ADL-disabled by 2048. The inequity in functional status across subgroups by sex, educational level, and urban/rural residency will become substantial.

Conclusions
The numbers and percentages of China's functionally difficult and dependent late middle-aged and older population will increase by magnitudes as of the mid-21st century, the pressure of which is compounded by its disproportionate distribution across subgroups. To alleviate the overwhelming challenge, efforts to improve the functional status of the underserved subpopulation should also be iterated.
The evaluation of goal-directed activities to promote well-being and health in heart failure: EUROIA scale
Authors: Nolan Robert P. , Syed Fatima , Stogios Nicolette , Maunder Robert , Sockalingam Sanjeev , Tai E. Shyong , Cobain Mark , Peiris Rachel G. , Huszti Ella 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
The EvalUation of goal-diRected activities to prOmote well-beIng and heAlth (EUROIA) scale is a novel patient-reported measure that was administered to individuals with chronic heart failure (CHF). It assesses goal-directed activities that are self-reported as being personally meaningful and commonly utilized to optimize health-related quality of life (HRQL). Our aim was to evaluate psychometric properties of the EUROIA, and to determine if it accounted for novel variance in its association with clinical outcomes.

Methods
This study was a secondary analysis of the CHF-CePPORT trial, which enrolled 231 CHF patients: median age = 59.5 years, 23% women. Baseline assessments included: EUROIA, Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire–Overall Summary (KCCQ-OS), Patient Health Questionnaire–9 for depression (PHQ-9), and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder–7 (GAD-7). 12-month outcomes included health status (composite index of incident hospitalization or emergency department, ED, visit) and mental health (PHQ-9 and GAD-7).

Results
Exploratory Principal Axis Factoring identified four EUROIA factors with satisfactory internal reliability: i.e., activities promoting eudaimonic well-being (McDondald’s ω = 0.79), social affiliation (⍺=0.69), self-affirmation (⍺=0.73), and fulfillment of social roles/responsibilities (Spearman-Brown coefficient = 0.66). Multivariable logistic regression indicated that not only was the EUROIA inversely associated with incidence of 12-month hospitalization/ED visits independent of the KCCQ-OS (Odds Ratio, OR = 0.95, 95% Confidence Interval, CI, 0.91, 0.98), but it was also associated with 12-month PHQ-9 (OR = 0.91, 95% CI, 0.86, 0.97), and GAD-7 (OR = 0.94, 95% CI, 0.90, 0.99) whereas the KCCQ-OS was not.

Conclusion
The EUROIA provides a preliminary taxonomy of goal-directed activities that promote HRQL among CHF patients independently from a current gold standard state-based measure.

Clinical trial registration
NCT01864369; https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01864369.
Retail CBDC purposes and risk transfers to the central bank
Authors: Baeriswyl Romain , Reynard Samuel , Swoboda Alexandre 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe issuance of retail central bank digital currency (CBDC) involves a transfer of risk from commercial banks to the central bank. Mechanisms that limit the transfer of risk, such as an unattractive interest rate, a quantity ceiling or the non-convertibility of cash and reserves into CBDC, are likely to discourage the use of CBDC as a medium of exchange and thus defeat the purpose of issuing CBDC.