bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Synthesis of Novel 2,4‐Disubstituted Tetrahydroquinolines and Quinolines.
Authors: Devakaram Ruth , Black David StC. , Kumar Naresh 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe reaction of cis‐azaflavon‐4‐ol (I) with aromatic alcohols affords 2,4‐disubstituted trans‐tetrahydroquinolines, which are of interest as alkaloid substructures.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of Quinazolino[3,2‐a]quinazolines via a Palladium‐Catalyzed Three‐Component Reaction of Carbodiimide, Isocyanide, and Amine.
Authors: Qiu Guanyinsheng , He Yaohua , Wu Jie 
Published: July 2012

AbstractTitle reaction involves multiple bond formations in one‐pot through nucleophilic attack, isocyanide insertion, and C‐N coupling steps.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Phenazines by Cu‐Catalyzed Homocoupling of 2‐Halogen Anilines in Water.
Authors: Yu Lintao , Zhou Xiangge , Wu Di , Xiang Haifeng 
Published: July 2012

AbstractOptimized conditions are elaborated for the title reaction where o‐iodoanilines give (significantly) higher yields compared to the o‐bromoanilines.
ChemInform Abstract: Ga(ClO4)3‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Quinoxalines by Cycloaddition of α‐Hydroxyketones and o‐Phenylenediamines.
Authors: Pan Fan , Chen Tang‐Ming , Cao Jia‐Jia , Zou Jian‐Ping , Zhang Wei 
Published: July 2012

AbstractQuinoxalines are prepared under simple and mild conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Improved Synthesis of 2‐Methoxyphenothiazine.
Authors: Ruan Jian‐Cheng , Zhang Tao , Wang Shuai , Liu Jin‐Qiang , Qian Chao , Chen Xin‐Zhi 
Published: July 2012

AbstractCondensation of aniline (I) with resorcinol (II), subsequent O‐methylation of condensation product (III) and cyclization of (V) furnishes 2‐methoxyphenothiazine (VI) in an overall yield of 74%.
ChemInform Abstract: Anionic [4 + 3] Heteroannulation of 2‐Azidoacrylates: A Modular Synthesis of 2‐Benzazepin‐1‐ones.
Authors: Dinda Bidyut Kumar , Jana Amit Kumar , Mal Dipakranjan 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe reaction also works with substituted phthalides, e.g. (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Choline Chloride·2ZnCl2 Ionic Liquid: An Efficient and Reusable Catalyst for the Solvent Free Kabachnik—Fields Reaction.
Authors: Disale Shamrao T. , Kale Sandip R. , Kahandal Sandeep S. , Srinivasan Thandankorai G. , Jayaram Radha V. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractAn operationally simple procedure using a deep eutectic mixture as catalytic ionic liquid is presented for the one‐pot three‐component synthesis of α‐aminophosphonates.
ChemInform Abstract: The First Stereoselective Total Synthesis of (Z)‐Cryptomoscatone D2, a Natural G2 Checkpoint Inhibitor.
Authors: Reddy Gandolla Chinna , Balasubramanyam Penagaluri , Salvanna N. , Reddy Thummala Sreenivasulu , Das Biswanath 
Published: July 2012

Abstractinvolving two consecutive Maruoka asymmetric allylation reactions and a ring closing metathesis as key steps
ChemInform Abstract: Cyborg Cells: Functionalization of Living Cells with Polymers and Nanomaterials
Authors: Fakhrullin Rawil F. , Zamaleeva Alsu I. , Minullina Renata T. , Konnova Svetlana A. , Paunov Vesselin N. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractReview: 73 refs.
The unsatisfactory ThinPrep® Pap Test™: Analysis of technical aspects, most common causes, and recommendations for improvement
Authors: Rosa Marilin , Pragasam Premila , Saremian Jinous , Aoalin Ana , Graf William , Mohammadi Amir 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThinPrep® preparation is a widely‐used method for processing gynecologic specimens due to the many advantages of the technique. However, the presence of blood, inflammation, and lubricant, among other factors, can significantly interfere with specimen adequacy. The aim of this study was to identify and overcome the most common reasons for unsatisfactory ThinPrep® Pap Test™ results in our laboratory. From October 2010 to January 2011, we reprocessed cases categorized as “unsatisfactory for evaluation” to determine whether reprocessing these specimens would impact the unsatisfactory rate. Reasons for unsatisfactory results were classified as: technical reasons, scant cellularity, and complete obscuring factors. Two hundred fifty‐three cases were initially classified as unsatisfactory. Of these, 226 cases were reprocessed. Ninety cases became satisfactory after reprocessing with an overall improvement of 40%. The most common reasons for unsatisfactory results were the presence of lubricant (96 cases), presence of blood (64 cases), and technical problems (33 cases). Cases affected by blood or technical issues showed a significant improvement after reprocessing (56.2% and 90.9%, respectively). However, unsatisfactory cases owed to the presence of lubricant showed a relatively low percentage of improvement (16.6%). The main reasons for unsatisfactory results, the presence of blood and lubricant, can be avoided in many cases if sampling is not performed during bleeding and if the use of lubricants is limited during sample collection. Our study showed that reprocessing of selected cases can improve the overall unsatisfactory rate and can potentially reduce the risk of missing significant lesions. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Analysis of traffic congestion by considering merging on entry lines in transportation system
Authors: Hoshino Takahiro , Tsuboi Kazuhiro , Hamamatsu Yoshio 
Published: July 2012

AbstractIn a transportation system, a merging control strategy is necessary to avoid collisions between vehicles at a merging section with entry lines. In this study, under the assumption that each entry line is assigned time‐independent priority, we analyze traffic congestion with a stochastic model. A quantitative estimation of the congestion is successfully obtained in terms of the average queue length and the average queuing delay. On the basis of analytical results, we propose a control strategy that changes the priority periodically. Using simulation, it is clarified that the proposed control strategy gives arbitrary values of the queue length and the queuing delay on each line. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 95(8): 34‐43, 2012; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.11374
A simple derivation of the right interactor for a tall transfer function matrix and its application to inner‐outer factorization
Authors: Kase Wataru 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe interactor matrix plays several important roles in control systems theory. In this paper, we present a simple method of deriving a right interactor for tall transfer function matrices using the Moore‐Penrose pseudoinverse. As a result of the presented method, all zeros of the interactor lie at the origin. The method will be applied to inner‐outer factorization for strictly proper transfer function matrices. It will be shown that the stability of the interactor is necessary to calculate the factorization. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 95(8): 17‐25, 2012; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.11387
Guanidinium vs. Ammonium Surfactants in Soft‐Templating Approaches: Nanostructured Silica and Zwitterionic i‐Silica from Complementary Precursor–Surfactant Ion Pairs
Authors: El Hankari Samir , Hesemann Peter 
Published: July 2012

AbstractWe investigated the behaviour of guanidinium and ammonium surfactants as structure‐directing agents in template‐directed hydrolysis/polycondensation processes. For this purpose, a series of guanidinium surfactants was synthesised from long‐chain‐substituted primary amines. In a first series of experiments, we compared nanostructured silicas obtained by means of template‐directed hydrolysis/polycondensation reactions of TEOS in the presence of either guanidinium‐ or ammonium‐based surfactants. We observed that typical MCM‐41‐type silicas displaying a 2D hexagonal architecture were obtained in the presence of ammonium surfactants such as cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). In contrast, the use of guanidinium surfactants led to the formation of hollow silica spheres or spherical silica nanoparticles. Secondly, we investigated the use of ammonium and guanidinium surfactants in the formation of periodic mesoporous organosilicas containing ionic groups (i‐silica). In particular, we studied template‐directed hydrolysis/polycondensation reactions of zwitterionic ammonium sulfonate and ammonium carboxylate precursors. We observed that both reactions involving the ammonium sulfonate precursor yielded structured i‐silicas. In contrast, hydrolysis/polycondensation reactions of the ammonium carboxylate precursor afforded structured materials only in the presence of the guanidinium surfactant, whereas amorphous materials were obtained in the presence of CTAB. This result reflects specific surfactant–precursor interactions and suggests that the nature of both surfactant and precursor determine the formation of i‐silica materials displaying regular architectures on a mesoscopic length scale.
Synthesis of Carbazole‐Type D‐π‐A Fluorescent Dyes Possessing Solid‐State Red Fluorescence Properties
Authors: Ooyama Yousuke , Sugiyama Tetsuya , Oda Yuichiro , Hagiwara Yuta , Yamaguchi Naoya , Miyazaki Eigo , Fukuoka Hiroshi , Mizumo Tomonobu , Harima Yutaka , Ohshita Joji 
Published: July 2012

AbstractCarbazole‐type donor‐π‐acceptor (D‐π‐A) fluorescent dyes (SO1 and SO2), each containing a diphenylamino system as an electron‐donating group and a nitro moiety as an electron‐accepting group, have been designed and synthesized, and their photophysical properties in solution and in the solid state have been investigated. The absorption and fluorescence properties of SO1 and SO2 in solution are similar, and both dyes exhibited moderate fluorescence quantum yields. In the solid state, however, the dye SO2, with a butyl substituent on the carbazole ring, exhibited red fluorescence at around 620 nm, whereas the dye SO1, with no substituent on the carbazole ring, did not exhibit these solid‐state fluorescence properties. Furthermore, the dye SO2 exhibited weak mechanofluorochromic (MFC) properties: grinding of as‐recrystallized dyes induces slight bathochromic shifts of the fluorescence excitation and emission maxima. To elucidate the effects of molecular and crystal structures on the solid‐state fluorescence properties, we performed semiempirical molecular orbital calculations (PM3 and INDO/S) and single‐crystal X‐ray structural analysis. The X‐ray crystal structures of SO1 and SO2 demonstrated that a continuous intermolecular π‐stacking between the fluorophores was observable in the crystal structure of SO1, but not in that of SO2. The MO calculations revealed that SO1 and SO2 have similarly large dipole moments in the ground state (μg ≈ 8 D). The relationship between the observed solid‐state photophysical properties and the molecular and crystal structures of the carbazole‐type D‐π‐A fluorescent dyes are discussed on the basis of experimental results and MO calculations. It is found that the formation of a continuous intermolecular π‐stacking between the fluorophores causes a drastic fluorescence quenching in the solid state and that D‐π‐A fluorescent dyes with very large dipole moments can reduce the MFC properties, due to strong dipole–dipole interactions between the fluorophores in the solid state.
Total Synthesis of Calothrixins A and B by Palladium‐Catalyzed Tandem Cyclization/Cross‐Coupling Reaction of Indolylborate
Authors: Abe Takumi , Ikeda Toshiaki , Choshi Tominari , Hibino Satoshi , Hatae Noriyuki , Toyata Eiko , Yanada Reiko , Ishikura Minoru 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe palladium‐catalyzed tandem cyclization/cross‐coupling reaction of triethyl(indol‐2‐yl)borate with vinyl bromide was successfully used in the concise total synthesis of the indolophenanthridine alkaloids, calothrixins A and B.
Influencing the Balance between ipso and ω Nucleophile Addition to (1‐Arylcyclohexadienyl)iron Intermediates in Alkaloid Synthesis
Authors: Stephenson G. Richard , Anson Christopher E. , Malkov Andrei V. , Roe Caroline 
Published: July 2012

AbstractAryllithium reagents react with tricarbonyl(η5‐1,4‐dimethoxycyclohexadienyl)iron hexafluorophosphate to give η4 products, which are converted into a series of (1‐arylcyclohexadienyl)iron(1+) complexes with H, CHO, CH2OAc, and CH(OAc)2 on the arene, ortho to the point of attachment to the dienyl ligand. The structures of these complexes have been compared by X‐ray crystallography. Correlations between spectroscopic and structural data indicate that the crystallographically defined conformations are also significant in the interpretation of the pathways of nucleophile addition in solution. Reactions with nucleophiles are influenced by the conformational properties of the 1‐aryl substituent, and examples of ω addition and a new intramolecular ipso addition relative to the arene have been characterised. Intermolecular ipso addition has been used to synthesise the alkaloid mesembrine in which 3,4‐dimethoxy electron‐donating substituents flatten the arylcyclohexadienyl portion and facilitate the ipso pathway. Electron‐withdrawing formyl substituents cause the arene to adopt a more perpendicular conformation, and a through‐space interaction between CHO and the exo face of the cationic dienyliron complex activates the aldehyde for reaction with (PhC≡C)2CuLi, generating an alkoxide that forms a spirocyclic ether by intramolecular reaction with the aryl‐substituted terminus of the dienyl ligand. Full spectroscopic assignments of the (1‐arylcyclohexadienyl)iron(1+) complexes are reported and correlated with structural data from crystallography to show that the complexes fall into two groups in terms of the relationship between the dihedral angle of the arene and the dienyl systems and the weighted means for ν(CO) in their infrared spectra. The relationship between this structural data, the distribution of positive charge on the dienyliron complex, and the regioselectivity of nucleophile addition explains how the correct choice of substitution patterns influences the selectivity between ipso and ω reactivity in 1,1‐iterative strategies that use (1‐arylcyclohexadienyl)iron(1+) complexes as key building blocks in synthetic routes to the galanthamine and crinine subclasses of the Amaryllidaceae alkaloids.
First Total Syntheses of Oresbiusins A and B, Their Antipodes, and Racemates: Configuration Revision and Anti‐HIV Activity
Authors: Hwu Jih Ru , Varadaraju Tirumala G. , Abd‐Elazem Ibrahim S. , Huang Ru Chih C. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe first total syntheses of oresbiusin A in the (+)‐, (–)‐, and (±)‐forms were accomplished in five steps with overall yields of ca. 70 %. The key intermediates with optical activity were generated through a Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation reaction. These efforts allowed us to establish the absolute configuration of this natural product with dextrorotary and a 2S configuration. In addition, the total syntheses of both enantiomers of oresbiusin B along with its racemate were accomplished in six steps with overall yields of 58 %. Among these compounds, the unnatural oresbiusin A with a levorotary rotation was found to possess dose dependent anti‐HIV‐1 activity in H9 cells, whereas the other compounds were inactive.
Performance assessment of tall concrete core‐wall building designed using two alternative approaches
Authors: Yang T. Y. , Moehle J. P. , Bozorgnia Y. , Zareian F. , Wallace J. W. 
Published: July 2012

SUMMARYConcrete core‐wall structural systems are prevalent for high‐rise residential buildings in the West Coast of the United States. To assess the seismic performance characteristics of this system, a 42‐story core‐wall residential building was designed for a site in Los Angeles, CA. The building was designed using two different design approaches. The first design followed prescriptive requirements of US building codes, except height limits were disregarded. The second design followed a performance‐based procedure. Analytical models of each design were subjected to a series of earthquake ground motions representative of very frequent to very rare shaking intensities. Effectiveness of the various design methods is assessed considering structural performance indices, initial costs, and repair costs associated with anticipated earthquake ground shaking. The results illustrate the seismic performance potential of this structural system and demonstrate the application of a practical seismic performance assessment approach for buildings. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A silviculture application of the glyphosate-based herbicide VisionMAX to wetlands has limited direct effects on amphibian larvae
Authors: Edge Christopher B. , Thompson Dean G. , Hao Chunyan , Houlahan Jeff E. 
Published: July 2012

Abstract
Herbicides are commonly used in agriculture and silviculture to reduce interspecific competition among plants and thereby enhance crop growth, quality, and volume. Internationally, glyphosate-based herbicides are the most widely used herbicides in both of these sectors. Laboratory and mesocosm studies have demonstrated that some formulations are toxic to amphibian larvae below concentrations that approximate predicted maximal or “worst-case” exposure scenarios. However, field studies have not found evidence of toxicity at these concentrations. The authors conducted a replicated field experiment involving 10 naturalized wetlands split in half with an impermeable plastic barrier to assess the direct toxicity of a glyphosate formulation commonly used in silviculture (VisionMAX™). The herbicide formulation was applied directly to the surface of one side of each wetland at one of two target aqueous exposure rates (high = 2,880, low = 550 µg acid equivalents [a.e.]/L), and the other side was left as an untreated control. The survival and growth of green frog larvae (Lithobates clamitans) were assessed for two years following herbicide treatment. The herbicide did not have a negative impact on survival or growth of L. clamitans larvae at either treatment level. In fact, mean larval abundance was typically greater in the treated sides than in control sides within the year of herbicide application. These results indicate that typical silviculture use of VisionMAX poses negligible risk to larval amphibians, likely because the combined effects of sorption and degradation in natural wetlands limit the exposure magnitude and duration. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012; 31: 2375–2383. © 2012 SETAC
How are trace elements mobilized during the postweaning fast in Northern elephant seals?
Authors: Habran Sarah , Crocker Daniel E. , Debier Cathy , Das Krishna 
Published: July 2012

Abstract
Northern elephant seal (Mirounga angustirostris) pups undergo a substantial intertissue reorganization of protein, minerals, and other cellular components during their postweaning development, which might entail the mobilization of associated contaminants. The authors investigated the changes in concentrations of 11 elements (Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Ni, Pb, Se, V, and Zn) in a longitudinal study on 22 northern elephant seal pups during the postweaning fast. Slight changes in most element concentrations were observed in blood throughout the fast. Circulating levels of Hg, Se, and Cu appeared less altered during the postweaning fast than measured during suckling. Despite the considerable fat utilization, element concentrations, except Fe, in blubber remained stable throughout the fast, which suggests that elements are mobilized from blubber as efficiently as lipids. As indicators of the placental transfer, concentrations in lanugo hair revealed the existence of maternal transfer and accumulation of all assayed trace elements during fetal development. In addition, the new pelage, rapidly produced after weaning, appeared to be an important elimination route for toxic metals such as Hg, Cd, and Pb. The high mineral content detected in pup hair suggests that this species would be more exposed to trace elements than other phocids (except Cd and Pb). Nevertheless, this statement needs further monitoring and toxicological studies to determine better the exposition to trace elements and its potential impact on the health of the northern elephant seal. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012; 31: 2354–2365. © 2012 SETAC
Resveratrol‐mediated apoptosis of hodgkin lymphoma cells involves SIRT1 inhibition and FOXO3a hyperacetylation
Authors: Frazzi Raffaele , Valli Riccardo , Tamagnini Ione , Casali Bruno , Latruffe Norbert , Merli Francesco 
Published: July 2012

AbstractResveratrol (RSV), a plant‐derived stilbene, induces cell death in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL)‐derived L‐428 cells in a dose‐dependent manner (IC50 = 27 μM, trypan blue exclusion assay). At a lower range (25 μM), RSV treatment for 48 hr causes arrest in the S‐phase of the cell cycle, while at a higher concentration range (50 μM), apoptosis can be detected, with activation of caspase‐3. The histone/protein deacetylase SIRT1 has been described as a putative target of RSV action in other model systems, even though its role in cancer cells is still controversial. Here we show that RSV, at both concentration ranges, leads to a marked increase in p53, while a decrease of SIRT1 expression level, as well as enzyme activity, only occurred at the higher concentration range. Concomitantly, however, treatments at both concentration ranges resulted in a marked increase in K373‐acetylated p53 and lysine‐acetylated FOXO3a. Immunohistochemical stainings of human lymph nodes show a preferential distribution of SIRT1 in the germinal center of the follicles while the mantle zone shows nearly no staining to few positive cells. The classical HL‐affected lymph nodes show a strong positivity of the diagnostic Hodgkin Reed‐Sternberg cells. Notably, both the HL‐derived cell lines and the Hodgkin Reed‐Sternberg cells of the affected lymph nodes derive from germinal center‐derived B cells. The study of SIRT1 distribution and expression on a larger number of biopsies might disclose a novel role for this histone/protein deacetylase as therapeutic target.
Monitoring rhizospheric pH, oxygen, and organic acid dynamics in two short‐time flooded plant species
Authors: Schreiber Christina M. , Zeng Bo , Blossfeld Stephan , Rascher Uwe , Kazda Marian , Schurr Ulrich , Höltkemeier Agnes , Kuhn Arnd J. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe rhizosphere of two flooding‐resistant plant species (Arundinella anomala Steud., Alternanthera philoxeroides Mart.) from Three Gorges Reservoir area (China) has been examined for reactions to waterlogging and submergence. Rhizosphere parameters were monitored in natural sediment substrate by means of a dual‐access floodable rhizobox, which allows monitoring of oxygen and pH dynamics noninvasively with planar optodes in high temporal and spatial resolution, as well as simultaneous low‐invasive soil‐solution sampling. Analysis of samples for low‐molecular‐weight organic acids (LMWOA) was done by capillary electrophoresis. Roots could be observed easily in situ during growth and exposure to flooding. The floodable rhizobox is therefore considered a valuable tool for root‐reaction monitoring also under flooding conditions. During waterlogging, both species exuded oxygen into their rhizosphere and showed diurnal rhythms of rhizospheric acidification. The pH of the rhizosphere of growing root tips decreased up to 0.8 units corresponding to higher LMWOA concentrations. These rhythms weakened during flooding, but gained maximum amplitude again rapidly after resurfacing. We conclude that the root system was still fully functioning during and after flooding, and that flooding poses no threat to the physiology of the root system of the study species.