bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vibrational spectroscopy and DFT calculations of N,N′‐dicyclohexylcarbodiimide
Authors: Chowdhry Babur Z. , Dines Trevor J. , Leharne Stephen A. , Ryall John P. , Shadi Iqbal T. , Withnall Robert 
Published: April 2010

AbstractInfrared (IR) and Raman spectra were obtained for N,N′‐dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) in the solid state and in CHCl3 solution. Structures and vibrational spectra of isolated, gas‐phase DCC molecules with C2 and Ci symmetries, computed at the B3‐LYP/cc‐pVTZ level, show that the IR and Raman spectra provide convincing evidence for a C2 structure in both the solid state and in CHCl3 solution. Using a scaled quantum‐chemical force field, these density functional theory calculations have provided detailed assignments of the observed IR and Raman bands in terms of potential energy distributions. Comparison of solid‐state and solution spectra, together with a Raman study of the melting behaviour of DCC, revealed that no solid‐state effects were evident in the spectra. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Otolaryngologic management of delayed pharyngoesophageal perforation following anterior cervical spine surgery
Authors: Phommachanh Viengsouk , Patil Yash J. , McCaffrey Thomas V. , Vale Fernando , Freeman Thomas B. , Padhya Tapan A. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractDelayed pharyngoesophageal perforation is a rare complication following anterior cervical spine surgery. Patients usually present weeks to years after surgery with vague symptoms, such as dysphagia and neck pain. We report five cases of delayed pharyngoesophageal perforation following anterior cervical spine surgery with hardware fixation. Successful surgical management of these patients required removal of hardware and closure of the defect supported with a vascularized flap. Laryngoscope, 2010
Selective epitympanic dysventilation syndrome
Authors: Marchioni Daniele , Alicandri‐Ciufelli Matteo , Molteni Gabriele , Artioli Franca Laura , Genovese Elisabetta , Presutti Livio 
Published: April 2010

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Although middle ear aeration is certainly related to eustachian tube (ET) function, other anatomic factors may play an important role in ventilation of these spaces, particularly the epitympanum.Study Design:A prospective case series study group with retrospective case series comparison.Methods:Eight patients affected by non–self‐cleaning attic retraction pockets or attic cholesteatoma of the middle ear and normal tubal function (verified by type A tympanogram or Williams' test) underwent endoscopic surgery. Anatomic findings were noted and collected, with particular attention paid to middle ear folds. A control group was used for comparison. The prevalence of an isthmus blockage with a complete tensor fold in pathologic ears was compared between the study group and control group.Results:The higher prevalence of an isthmus blockage associated with a complete tensor fold in the study group was found to be statistically significant (P = .001).Conclusions:A selective epitympanic dysventilation syndrome is hypothesized; normal ET function seems to be insufficient for complete ventilation of the middle ear, and an open tympanic isthmus or an incomplete tensor fold may be necessary for epitympanic recess ventilation. The selective epitympanic dysventilation syndrome would consist of the contemporary presence of the following four conditions: attic retraction pocket or cholesteatoma, normal tubal function tests, complete epitympanic diaphragm, and isthmus blockage. Laryngoscope, 2010
The value of 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography for staging of primary extranodal head and neck lymphomas
Authors: Schrepfer Thomas , Haerle Stephan K. , Strobel Klaus , Schaefer Niklaus , Hälg Roger A. , Huber Gerhard F. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Using a retrospective approach, the aim of this study was to confirm the previously described value of fluorine‐18‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F‐FDG‐PET/CT) in patients with primary extranodal lymphoma of the head and neck region. Additionally, the clinical significance of the semiquantitative analysis of the standardized uptake value (SUV), its predictive role in the follow‐up setting, and its value in detection of synchronous primaries were studied.Study Design:Retrospective chart review.Methods:Twenty‐six patients with a primary extranodal head and neck lymphoma (22 diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma, one Hodgkin's lymphoma, three malignant T‐cell lymphomas) were included. We retrospectively evaluated the clinical outcomes according to the maximum standardized uptake values of the primary lesion (SUVmax) and whether a positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) was performed or not in the follow‐up studies. The median SUVmax was chosen as the cutoff value. The patients were then grouped as those with either low or high SUVmax, respective to the cutoff value. Event‐free survival and cumulative survival were endpoints of interest.Results:Nineteen patients (73%) were above the age of 60 years; the median age was 70 years (range, 28–87 years). Most primary sites were in the Waldeyer's ring (15 patients, 60%), whereas in four patients (27%) only the palatine tonsil was affected. The SUVmax ranged from 5.8 to 33.9. In one patient, relevant fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake within the intestine revealed a cecal adenocarcinoma as a secondary primary. Twenty of the 25 clinically followed patients (80%) achieved complete remission after treatment. Patients with high SUVmax showed favorable survival (log‐rank test, P = .044). A tendency for longer survival within the group with follow‐up PET/CT studies could be noted but with no significant statistical difference (P = .349).Conclusions:18F‐FDG‐PET/CT imaging is a potent primary staging tool. It also has application as an instrument for evaluation of follow‐up and response to therapy in patients suffering from primary extranodal lymphoma and for detection of secondary malignancies. Furthermore, 18F‐FDG uptake by the primary lesion may be related to better survival. Laryngoscope, 2010
Sternoclavicular joint osteomyelitis following head and neck surgery
Authors: Vu Thien‐Tuong‐Vi , Yammine Nadine V. , Al‐Hakami Hadi , Hier Michael P. , Black Martin J. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To review all reported cases of sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) osteomyelitis following head and neck surgery.Study Design:Retrospective case review.Methods:PubMed search and one additional case from our institution.Results:Twelve cases were reviewed, and the following recommendations are suggested: risk factors for SCJ osteomyelitis should be identified; early and prompt diagnosis of SCJ osteomyelitis is warranted; tracheostoma care and careful examination of the skin should not be neglected; meticulous screening for cancer recurrence is imperative; if SCJ infection is suspected, cancer recurrence must be ruled out with biopsies; and surgical debridement is considered the gold standard of treatment. Administration of newer‐generation antibiotics is a reasonable choice when the infection is detected early, as is maintaining a low threshold for surgical treatment if disease persists or progresses.Conclusions:Osteomyelitis of the SCJ following head and neck surgery is uncommon and must be distinguished from malignancy with biopsies. Early diagnosis and treatment are imperative. Laryngoscope, 2010
Functional endoscopic sinus surgery chopstick technique
Authors: Manickavasagam Jaiganesh , Segaram Sangeeth , Harkness Paul 
Published: April 2010

AbstractWe describe a functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) technique that involves the simultaneous use of endoscope and suction in the nondominant hand that bears resemblance to chopstick use. The FESS chopstick technique reduces time for suction and improves operative field visualization. Laryngoscope, 2010
Endoscopic resection of the submandibular gland via a hairline incision: A new surgical approach
Authors: Song Chang Myeon , Jung Young Ho , Sung Myung‐Whun , Kim Kwang Hyun 
Published: April 2010

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Submandibular gland excision is traditionally performed by the transcervical approach. To avoid or reduce visible scarring and nerve injury, diverse innovative surgical trials have been reported. Here we report a patient who had an endoscopic submandibular gland resection via a hairline incision.Methods:A 36‐year‐old woman presented with a right submandibular gland tumor that was found on a routine check‐up. The submandibular gland was resected under endoscopic assistance via a posterior hairline incision using an ultrasonic scalpel.Results:The resection was successful, causing no acute complications, such as neural injury, hematoma, or seroma formation. The incision scar healed with an excellent cosmetic result.Conclusions:Endoscopic submandibular gland resection via a hairline incision was feasible and resulted in an excellent surgical and cosmetic outcome. Laryngoscope, 2010
Outpatient thyroidectomy: Experience in over 200 patients
Authors: Seybt Melanie W. , Terris David J. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Thyroidectomy has historically been performed on an inpatient basis out of fear of hemorrhage and transient but life‐threatening hypocalcemia. An earlier favorable experience with outpatient surgery for a limited number of patients prompted our objective of an expanded evaluation of this practice.Study Design:Retrospective analysis of a prospectively populated database.Methods:A consecutive single‐surgeon series of patients undergoing thyroidectomy in an academic otolaryngology department between February 2003 and November 2007, including 91 patients assessed in a previous report. Clinical variables including age, gender, type of surgery, indications, and complications were obtained and analyzed. Principal outcome measures were length of hospital stay, incidence of complications, and rate of readmission.Results:Four hundred eighteen patients underwent thyroid surgery during the study period. Two hundred eight were accomplished on an outpatient basis, 128 patients were observed under a 23‐hour status, and 82 were admitted for a mean of 2.9 days (the latter two cohorts were grouped together and designated as inpatients). There were four complications in the outpatient group (1.9%) and 28 (13.3%) in the inpatient group (P < .001). Four individuals in the outpatient group (1.9%) required readmission compared with 5.7% (12/210) of those in the inpatient group, most commonly for transient hypocalcemia.Conclusions:The initial favorable experience with outpatient thyroid surgery has been validated in this expanded patient population of more than 200 patients. In rare instances, readmission may be required secondary to transient hypocalcemia. Modern surgical techniques, avoidance of drains, and prophylactic calcium supplementation have combined to make outpatient thyroidectomy safe in carefully selected patients. Laryngoscope, 2010
Influence of different registration modalities on navigation accuracy in ear, nose, and throat surgery depending on the surgical field
Authors: Grauvogel Tanja D. , Soteriou Eric , Metzger Marc C. , Berlis Ansgar , Maier Wolfgang 
Published: April 2010

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Various invasive and noninvasive registration methods have been established in the past for intraoperative navigation. The present study compared the registration and navigation accuracy of three different registration modalities in anatomical locations of special interest for ear, nose, and throat surgery.Study Design:Prospective experimental phantom study.Methods:Four skull models were individually fabricated with a three‐dimensional printer based on the patient's computed tomography data sets and fitted with an individual customized silicone skin. Three different registration modalities were examined: 1) invasive marker (IM), 2) oral splint (OS), and 3) laser scan (L). Accuracy measurements were assessed by targeting 26 titanium screws placed over the skull. The overall accuracy and the target registration error for eight selected anatomical locations were measured.Results:Mean accuracy was 0.67 ± 0.1 mm (quadratic mean ± standard deviation) for IM, 0.98 ± 0.16 mm for OS, and 1.3 ± 0.12 mm for L. The greatest differences in accuracy were found on the mastoid with best accuracy for IM (0.59 ± 0.2 mm; P < .05 vs. OS and L), followed by OS (1.23 ± 0.41 mm; P < .05 vs. L), and L (1.88 ± 0.45 mm). In contrast, only small differences in accuracy were detected in the anterior skull base between the registration modalities (IM 0.75 ± 0.21 mm, OS 0.71 ± 0.27 mm, L 0.93 ± 0.34 mm).Conclusions:L and OS meet accuracy requirements in the midface and anterior skull base. OS is superior to L with navigation accuracies comparable to marker registration. However, neither method meets the high precision requirements for lateral skull base surgery. Laryngoscope, 2010
Sunnybrook facial grading system: Reliability and criteria for grading
Authors: Neely J. Gail , Cherian Nevin G. , Dickerson Cody B. , Nedzelski Julian M. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:In clinical research, which is distinctly quantitative and rigidly fixed to a written protocol, the need for precision is great, especially when multicenter trials are planned. The Sunnybrook Facial Grading System (SB) is a well‐established tool for assessing facial movement outcomes; however, some ambiguities do arise. The purpose of this study was to construct specific grading criteria and to test the intra‐rater and inter‐rater reliability before and after the use of these criteria. The hypothesis was that even in naïve observers, specific criteria improve reliability.Study Design:Prospective test of hypothesis.Methods:Facial video recordings of 30 subjects with facial paralysis were randomly presented to two naïve raters in four trials; trials 1 and 2 using the SB system in the usual manner, and trials 3 and 4 using specific grading criteria for the SB system.Results:The SB system was reliable, even with naïve raters, having an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.890 between raters; this was improved with the use of specific grading criteria to 0.927. Additionally, variability of the SB composite scores was greatest in the midrange of scores and was predominantly seen during voluntary movement of brow rising and lip puckering.Conclusions:To our knowledge, this is the first report of specific criteria for completing the SB system. It is also the first in‐depth description of the location within the system in which the majority of variances occur. Laryngoscope, 2010
Pharyngeal dilation in cricopharyngeus muscle dysfunction and Zenker diverticulum
Authors: Belafsky Peter C. , Rees Catherine J. , Allen Jacqueline , Leonard Rebecca J. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Prolonged obstruction at the level of the lower esophageal sphincter is associated with a dilated, poorly contractile esophagus. The association between prolonged obstruction at the level of the upper esophageal sphincter (UES) and dilation and diminished contractility of the pharynx is uncertain. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the association between prolonged obstruction at the level of the UES and dilation and diminished contractility of the pharynx.Study Design:Case‐control study.Methods:The fluoroscopic swallow studies of all persons with cricopharyngeus muscle dysfunction (CPD) diagnosed between January 1, 2006 and December 31, 2008 were retrospectively reviewed from a clinical database. Three categories of CPD were defined: nonobstructing cricopharyngeal bars (CPBs), obstructing CPBs, and Zenker diverticulum (ZD). The primary outcome measure was the pharyngeal constriction ratio (PCR), a surrogate measure of pharyngeal strength on fluoroscopy. Secondary outcome measures included pharyngeal area in the lateral fluoroscopic view and UES opening. The outcome measures were compared between groups and to a cohort of nondysphagic age‐ and gender‐matched controls with the analysis of variance.Results:A total of 100 fluoroscopic swallow studies were evaluated. The mean age (±standard deviation) of the cohort was 70 years (±10 years). Thirty‐six percent were female. The mean PCR progressively increased, indicating diminishing pharyngeal strength, from the normal (0.08), to the nonobstructing CPB (0.13), to the obstructing CPB (0.22), to the ZD group (0.28) (P < .001 with trend for linearity). There was a linear increase in pharyngeal area from the normal (8.75 cm2) to the nonobstructing CPB (10.00 cm2), to the obstructing CPB (10.46 cm2), to the ZD group (11.82 cm2) (P < .01 with trend for linearity).Conclusions:The data suggest that there is an association between cricopharyngeus muscle dysfunction and progressive dilation and weakness of the pharynx. Laryngoscope, 2010
Soil degradation, farming practices, institutions and policy responses: An analytical framework
Authors: Prager K. , Schuler J. , Helming K. , Zander P. , Ratinger T. , Hagedorn K. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThere is a lack of knowledge about the effectiveness and efficiency of soil conservation policies in agriculture and there is a little understanding of how policy measures should be designed to encourage farmers to adopt soil conservation practices. This paper analyses institutional settings surrounding agricultural soil management in ten European countries based on the Institutions of Sustainability (IoS) framework. This framework considers the interdependencies between ecological and social systems, taking into account environmental conditions, farming practices impacting on soil conservation, different types of actors, policies, institutions and governance structures. The purpose of this paper is to describe the analytical framework and the methodology that all case studies are based on, present and discuss compared findings, outline implications for successful soil conservation policy and draw conclusions on the methodological approach. The case studies focused on the main soil degradation types occurring across Europe which are addressed by a broad range of mandatory and incentive policies. The findings highlight the following issues: (i) the need to design policies that target the locally most common soil threats and processes in the light of agricultural management; (ii) the need to take farming management constraints into consideration, (iii) the need for good communication and cooperation both between agricultural and environmental authorities as well as between governmental and non‐governmental stakeholders; (iv) the necessary mix of mandatory and incentive instruments and (v) the need for data and monitoring systems allowing the evaluation of the effectiveness of policies and soil conservation practices. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Improvement of thermooxidative stability of non‐edible vegetable oils of Indian origin for biodegradable lubricant application
Authors: Joseph P. V. , Sharma D. K. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractFor environmental reasons, as well as the dwindling source of petroleum, a new class of environmentally acceptable and renewable lubricants based on vegetable oils is available. Even though vegetable oils possess excellent lubricant‐related properties, there are some concerns about using it as lubricant base oil. Still, unmodified and modified varieties of soybean, rapeseed, sunflower and canola oils have been in use in the USA and Europe. In India, with the shortage of edible oil, alternate sources of vegetable oils stocks are being explored. With this aim, a comprehensive study has been conducted earlier in the authors' laboratory. In this study, numerous options of non‐edible vegetable oil sources were explored, and a few potential vegetable oils were studied in the laboratory. It was found that even though the oils performed much better in comparison with other vegetable oils, it still required improvement in thermooxidative stability. Therefore, in the later part of the study, different options were explored to improve thermooxidative stability. With a background on the initial studies of the authors as described above, the present paper deals with the studies on improvement of these non‐edible candidate vegetable oils of Indian origin for lubricant by treating with selected antioxidants for applying them in lubricants. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Simulation of hydraulic fracture propagation near a natural fracture using virtual multidimensional internal bonds
Authors: Zhang Z. , Ghassemi A. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractA virtual multidimensional internal bond (VMIB) model developed to simulate the propagation of hydraulic fractures using the finite‐element method is formulated within the framework of the virtual internal bond theory (VIB) that considers a solid as randomized material particles in the micro scale, and derives the macro constitutive relation from the cohesive law between the material particles with an implicit fracture criterion. Hydraulic pressure is applied using a new scheme that enables simulation of hydraulically driven cracks. When the model is applied to study hydraulic fracture propagation in the presence of a natural fracture, the results show the method to be very effective. It shows that although the in situ stress ratio is the dominant factor governing the propagation direction, a natural fault can also strongly influence the hydraulic fracture behavior. This influence is conditioned by the shear stiffness of the fault and the distance to the original hydraulic fracture. The model results show that when the fault is strong in shear, its impact on hydraulic fracture trajectory is weak and the hydraulic fracture will likely penetrate the fault. For a weak fault, however, the fracture tends to be arrested at the natural fault. The distance between the fault and the hydraulic fracture is also important; the fault influence increases with decreasing distance. The VMIB does not require selection of a fracture criterion and remeshing when the fracture propagates. Therefore, it is advantageous for modeling fracture initiation and propagation in naturally fractured rock. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Numerical and analytical observations on long and infinite slopes
Authors: Griffiths D. V. , Huang Jinsong , deWolfe Giorgia F. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractInterest in the mechanics of landslides has led to renewed evaluation of the infinite slope equations, and the need for a more general framework for estimating the factor of safety of long and infinite slopes involving non‐homogeneous soil profiles. The paper describes finite element methods that demonstrate the potential for predicting failure in long slope profiles where the critical mechanism is not necessarily at the base of the soil layer. The influence of slope angle is also examined in long slopes, leading to some counter‐intuitive conclusions about the impact of slope steepness on the factor of safety. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Diffuse and localized failure modes: Two competing mechanisms
Authors: Nicot François , Darve Félix 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe concept of failure is one of the most debated in soil mechanics, for two reasons essentially. First, this is a crucial issue in the engineering of structures and geotechnical project design. Second, this is still a challenging academic issue mobilizing significant scientific interest in the development of a unique framework to describe the different failure modes. In this respect, this paper revisits the localized failure mode, replacing the well‐known Rice criterion within the wider context of bifurcation. Considering a micro‐mechanical model, the main theoretical results are covered. In particular, it is established that localized failure is a particular case of failures observed within the so‐called bifurcation domain: the incremental strain within the localization band is associated with a vanishing value of the second‐order work. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.