bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanomyographic responses are not influenced by the innervation zone for the vastus medialis
Authors: Malek Moh H. , Coburn Jared W. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractIntroduction: The purposes of this study were to: (1) compare the power output–related patterns of absolute and normalized mechanomyographic (MMG) amplitude and mean power frequency (MPF) signals across the innervation zone (IZ) during incremental cycle ergometry; and (2) examine the influence of the IZ on the mean MMG amplitude and MPF values. Methods: Ten men performed incremental cycle ergometry tests to exhaustion. Surface MMG signals were recorded simultaneously from accelerometer arrangements placed on the vastus medialis over the IZ and proximal and distal to the IZ. Results: The results of polynomial regression indicate that the best‐fit model for each site was consistent for each subject for MMG amplitude, but not for MMG MPF. Two‐way analyses of variance (ANOVAs) revealed no site × power output interaction (P > 0.05) for absolute and normalized MMG amplitude and MPF values. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that the IZ does not influence the MMG signal during dynamic exercise. Muscle Nerve 44: 424–431, 2011
Using complementary DNA from MyoD‐transduced fibroblasts to sequence large muscle genes
Authors: Waddell Leigh B. , Monnier Nicole , Cooper Sandra T. , North Kathryn N. , Clarke Nigel F. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractLarge muscle genes are often sequenced using complementary DNA (cDNA) made from muscle messenger RNA (mRNA) to reduce the cost and workload associated with sequencing from genomic DNA. Two potential barriers are the availability of a frozen muscle biopsy, and difficulties in detecting nonsense mutations due to nonsense‐mediated mRNA decay (NMD). We present patient examples showing that use of MyoD‐transduced fibroblasts as a source of muscle‐specific mRNA overcomes these potential difficulties in sequencing large muscle–related genes. Muscle Nerve, 2011
Once‐daily trospium chloride 60 mg extended‐release provides effective, long‐term relief of overactive bladder syndrome symptoms
Authors: Zinner Norman R. , Dmochowski Roger R. , Staskin David R. , Siami Paul F. , Sand Peter K. , Oefelein Michael G. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractAimsOnce‐daily extended‐release (XR) trospium chloride has been evaluated for the treatment of overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) in two 12‐week randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled studies. This pooled analysis of the 9‐month open‐label extensions to these studies evaluated the long‐term efficacy and tolerability of trospium XR.MethodsFollowing double‐blind treatment, subjects with OAB could enter the open‐label period, during which they received trospium 60 mg XR once daily for 36 weeks. The primary efficacy variables were changes from baseline in the number of toilet voids and urgency urinary incontinence (UUI) episodes per day at Week 48. Adverse events (AEs) were also recorded.ResultsOf the 1,027 subjects who completed double‐blind treatment, 944 (92%) continued into the open‐label period (placebo‐to‐trospium, N = 483; trospium‐to‐trospium, N = 461); 332 (68.7%) and 335 (72.7%), respectively, completed the open‐label period. At Week 48, the mean change from baseline in the number of toilet voids/day was −3.21 in the placebo‐to‐trospium group and −3.35 in the trospium‐to‐trospium group, and the median change from baseline in the number of UUI episodes/day was −2.33 in both groups. Efficacy was maintained relative to Week 12 in trospium‐to‐trospium subjects, while improvement was seen following trospium initiation in placebo‐to‐trospium subjects. Improvement from baseline was also observed on secondary efficacy parameters at Week 48. Trospium was well tolerated; dry mouth and constipation were the most common class treatment‐emergent AEs. Central nervous system AEs were rare and did not increase with long‐term treatment.ConclusionsLong‐term treatment of OAB with once‐daily trospium 60 mg XR is effective and well tolerated. Neurourol. Urodynam. 30:1214–1219, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Application of flow cytometry in pediatric hematology‐oncology
Authors: Varma Neelam , Naseem Shano 
Published: April 2011

AbstractApplications of flow cytometry in pediatric cancers have expanded substantially in recent years. In acute leukemias, the commonest childhood cancer, flow cytometry can now define complex antigenic profiles that are associated with specific cytogenetic/molecular defects and can also directly identify BCR‐ABL fusion protein. Flow cytometry based scoring system has been described for diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndromes. In solid tumors, flow cytometry was previously used mainly to determine DNA content for prognosis; however, recent studies in children with neuroblastoma and Ewing sarcoma have identified its diagnostic utility. In this review, we will discuss the current and future applications of flow cytometry in pediatric hematology‐oncology. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011;57:18–29. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cystatin C more accurately detects mildly impaired renal function than creatinine in children receiving treatment for malignancy
Authors: Blufpand Hester N. , Tromp Jorien , Abbink Floor C.H. , Stoffel‐Wagner Birgit , Bouman Anneke A. , Schouten‐van Meeteren Antoinette Y.N. , van Wijk Joanna A.E. , Kaspers Gertjan J.L. , Bökenkamp Arend 
Published: April 2011

AbstractBackgroundMonitoring of renal function is crucial in pediatric oncology. The use of creatinine to estimate glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is hampered by its dependency on muscle mass. Muscle wasting is common in children with cancer, leading to overestimation of GFR. Data on cystatin C are sparse in pediatric oncology, although this marker could be particularly useful in this population.ProcedureInulin clearance, estimated GFR using serum cystatin C according to Filler (eGFRcys) and serum creatinine according to Schwartz (eGFRcrea) were measured in 68 children with malignancy and 121 controls. We analyzed the difference between measured and estimated GFR and performance, bias and accuracy.ResultsMultiple linear regression analysis showed overestimation of GFR by eGFRcrea in females (B = −21.18; P = 0.001), and in patients with malignancy (B = −21.77; P = 0.014). eGFRcys overestimated GFR in females (B = −10.47; P = 0.001), but was independent of treatment for malignancy. Agreement with gold standard in detecting GFR below 90 ml/min/1.73 m2 is better for eGFRcys (AUC 0.854) than for eGFRcrea (AUC 0.675) in the group with cancer. They performed comparably in the control group. Bland–Altman analysis showed considerable bias for eGFRcrea compared to eGFRcys (−14.3 ml/min/1.73 m2 vs. −7.3 ml/min/1.73 m2). The proportion of estimates within 30% of true GFR for eGFRcrea (72.1%) was lower than for eGFRcys (82.4%) in the group with cancer. In the control group eGFRcrea (84.3%) outperformed eGFRcys (76.0%). When using the 50% limits of agreement, eGFRcys outperformed eGFRcrea in both groups.ConclusionCystatin C more accurately detects mildly impaired renal function than creatinine in children receiving treatment for malignancy. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011; 57: 262–267. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Durability test of PVP‐capped Pt nanoclusters counter electrode for highly efficiency dye‐sensitized solar cell
Authors: Lan Jo‐Lin , Wan Chi‐Chao , Wei Tzu‐Chien , Hsu Wen‐Chi , Chang Ya‐Huei 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTIn this paper, the durability of PVP‐capped Pt nanoclusters counter electrode (PVP‐Pt CE) for dye‐sensitized solar cell (DSSC) has been extensively evaluated including electrochemical reaction durability, thermal stress durability and light soaking durability. It is revealed that PVP‐Pt CE exhibits both electrochemical and thermal durability by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) test. Moreover, DSSC containing PVP‐Pt CE shows over 9.37% conversion efficiency in highly volatile electrolyte system. As to device thermal durability, both low‐volatile and non‐volatile electrolyte systems were tested and the results show relative efficiency can maintain more than 85% after accelerated thermal test at 85°C for 1000 h, and 110% after 60°C for 1000 h. Finally, after continuous light soaking test under 60°C for 1000 h, the relative efficiency can still maintain at 94%. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Biomarker discovery from the top down: Protein biomarkers for efficient virus transmission by insects (Homoptera: Aphididae) discovered by coupling genetics and 2‐D DIGE
Authors: Cilia Michelle , Howe Kevin , Fish Tara , Smith Dawn , Mahoney Jaclyn , Tamborindeguy Cecilia , Burd John , Thannhauser Theodore W. , Gray Stewart 
Published: April 2011

AbstractYellow dwarf viruses cause the most economically important virus diseases of cereal crops worldwide and are vectored by aphids. The identification of vector proteins mediating virus transmission is critical to develop sustainable virus management practices and to understand viral strategies for circulative movement in all insect vectors. Previously, we applied 2‐D DIGE to an aphid filial generation 2 population to identify proteins correlated with the transmission phenotype that were stably inherited and expressed in the absence of the virus. In the present study, we examined the expression of the DIGE candidates in previously unstudied, field‐collected aphid populations. We hypothesized that the expression of proteins involved in virus transmission could be clinically validated in unrelated, virus transmission‐competent, field‐collected aphid populations. All putative biomarkers were expressed in the field‐collected biotypes, and the expression of nine of these aligned with the virus transmission‐competent phenotype. The strong conservation of the expression of the biomarkers in multiple field‐collected populations facilitates new and testable hypotheses concerning the genetics and biochemistry of virus transmission. Integration of these biomarkers into current aphid‐scouting methodologies will enable rational strategies for vector control aimed at judicious use and development of precision pest control methods that reduce plant virus infection.
Citrulline‐modified phage display: A novel high‐throughput discovery approach for the identification of citrulline‐containing ligands
Authors: Somers Klaartje , Stinissen Piet , Somers Veerle 
Published: March 2011

AbstractPhage display is a high‐throughput technology used to identify ligands for a given target. A drawback of the approach is the absence of PTMs in phage‐displayed peptides. The applicability of phage display could be broadened considerably by the implementation of PTMs in this system. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible application of citrullination, a PTM of an arginine into a citrulline amino acid, in filamentous (M13) and lytic (T7) phage display. After in vitro citrullination of T7 and M13 phages, citrullination was confirmed and the infectivity of both citrullinated and non‐citrullinated phage was compared by titer determination. We demonstrated the successful in vitro citrullination of T7 and M13 phage‐displayed peptides. This in vitro modification did not affect the viability or infectivity of the T7 virions, a necessary prerequisite for the implementation of this approach in T7 phage display. For M13 phage, however, the infecting phage titer decreased five‐fold upon citrullination, limiting the use of this modification in M13 phage display. In conclusion, in vitro citrullination can be applied in T7 phage display giving rise to a high‐throughput and sensitive approach to identify citrulline‐containing ligands by the use of the strengths of phage display technology.
Role of balanced charge carrier transport in low band gap polymer:Fullerene bulk heterojunction solar cells
Authors: Kotlarski Jan D. , Moet Date J. D. , Blom Paul W. M. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractLowering of the optical band gap of conjugated polymers in bulk heterojunction solar cells not only leads to an increased absorption but also to an increase of the optimal active layer thickness due to interference effects at longer wavelengths. The increased carrier densities due to the enhanced absorption and thicker active layers make low band gap solar cells more sensitive to formation of space charges and recombination. By systematically red shifting the optical parameters of poly[2‐methoxy‐5‐(3′,7′‐dimethyloctyloxy)‐p‐phenylenevinylene] and 6,6‐phenyl C61‐butyric acid methyl ester, we simulate the effect of a reduced band gap on the solar cell efficiencies. We show that especially the fill factor of low band gap cells is very sensitive to the balance of the charge transport. For a low band gap cell with an active layer thickness of 250 nm, the fill factor of 50% for balanced transport is reduced to less than 40% by an imbalance of only one order of magnitude. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2011
Successful strategies for implementing biopsychosocial screening
Authors: Loscalzo Matthew , Clark Karen Lynn , Holland Jimmie 
Published: April 2011

AbstractObjective: This commentary integrates successful screening implementation strategies applied in four institutions in the United States and the accumulated knowledge from international leaders about how to engage key professionals and administration in partnering to create a culture of screening.Methods: As in clinical practice, it is first necessary to know the patient's story, potential resources and what motivates them to coordinated meaningful action. Introducing a comprehensive program of screening shares similarities with clinical care but also requires additional insights and an understanding of what motivates institutions to make resources available. Specific behaviors that are tailored to the values of particular professions and the institution are described to increase the likelihood of program uptake. Once key professionals and administration understand the value of screening and not before, a screening implementation plan is put into place.Results: Since the 1990s our screening programs have been successfully implemented in four settings: three NCI Designated Comprehensive Cancer Centers and one community hospital. It is estimated that more than 15,000 cancer outpatients have been screened for distress and cancer‐related problems. These programs have demonstrated that biopsychosocial screening programs can be integrated into busy outpatient cancer clinics as part of standard clinical care.Conclusions: Screening involves an intervention that impacts patients, clinical systems, the institution and staffing levels of psychosocial providers. Provision of scarce resources, active engagement of key professionals and administration will only occur if the stakeholders have a clear sense of the benefits for them. Implementing a screening program creates culture change and culture change not only takes time, but active engagement, patience and persistence. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Implementing screening for distress, the 6th vital sign: a Canadian strategy for changing practice
Authors: Bultz Barry D. , Groff Shannon L. , Fitch Margaret , Blais Marie Claude , Howes Janice , Levy Karen , Mayer Carole 
Published: April 2011

AbstractObjective: Distress is prevalent among cancer patients at all stages of illness and has been endorsed as the 6th Vital Sign in cancer care. Despite its prevalence, and calls to be monitored, few cancer programs are Screening for Distress in a standardized manner. In this paper, the implementation strategy employed in Canada to change practice by integrating Screening for Distress in routine care is described.Methods: The process from inception of the concept of distress to the implementation of Screening for Distress is discussed. Pioneering work pertinent in laying the foundation for Screening for Distress as a National initiative is highlighted. Additionally, the experience of four jurisdictions currently Screening for Distress is utilized to demonstrate steps to successful implementation and strategies for overcoming challenges.Results: Integrating Screening for Distress into practice requires endorsements from key stakeholders, developing and disseminating national recommendations and guidelines, and utilizing a coordinated and standardized method focused on practice change. At a local level successful implementations engage stakeholders, provide thorough and targeted education, establish interprofesionnal teams, and utilize a phased approach to implementation. Common challenges cited include time, buy‐in and lack of resources.Conclusions: Establishing a national approach to implementing Screening for Distress is both feasible and beneficial. A coordinated approach encourages collaboration beyond the walls of any particular center and provides the opportunity for all patients to be provided with improved person‐centered care. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Validation of a web‐based version of the asthma control test and childhood asthma control test
Authors: Koolen B.B. , Pijnenburg M.W.H. , Brackel H.J.L. , Landstra A.M. , van den Berg N.J. , Merkus P.J.F.M. , Hop W.C.J. , Vaessen‐Verberne A.A.P.H. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractRationaleRecent guidelines focus on adjusting asthma treatment to the level of asthma control. The availability of a web‐based asthma control questionnaire offers the possibility to assess asthma control without the need of outpatient clinic visits.The aim of this study was to evaluate the agreement between web‐based and paper‐based versions of the Asthma Control Test (ACT) and Childhood Asthma Control Test (C‐ACT), short‐term reproducibility and satisfaction with both versions.MethodsOne hundred seventy‐three children with stable asthma and a normal lung function were randomized to fill in a web‐based or paper‐based version of the C‐ACT (4–11 years) or ACT (12–18 years). According to a cross‐over design, they completed the opposite version after 1 week. Reproducibility was evaluated by repeating the 2nd version (web‐ or paper‐based) 7 days later.ResultsEighty‐eight children filled in the C‐ACT, 68 children filled in the ACT. Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) for web‐based versus paper‐based C‐ACT was 0.81 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.72–0.87). For ACT this was 0.84 (95% CI 0.76–0.90). For web‐based and paper‐based C‐ACT the reproducibility ICC was 0.82 (95% CI 0.67–0.90) and 0.75 (95% CI 0.59–0.85), respectively. The reproducibility ICC of the ACT for web‐ and paper‐based versions was 0.93 (95% CI 0.87–0.97) and 0.77 (95% CI 0.59–0.88), respectively. Eighty‐six percent of patients preferred the web‐based version.ConclusionThe web‐based version of the C‐ACT and ACT is reproducible and comparable with the paper‐based version in assessing asthma control. Most children and their parents prefer the web‐based version. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 2011; 46:941–948. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Discovery and initial validation of α 1‐B glycoprotein fragmentation as a differential urinary biomarker in pediatric steroid‐resistant nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Piyaphanee Nuntawan , Ma Qing , Kremen Oran , Czech Kimberly , Greis Kenneth , Mitsnefes Mark , Devarajan Prasad , Bennett Michael R. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractPurpose: In this cross‐sectional pilot study we set out to discover a non‐invasive biomarker that could distinguish steroid‐resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) from steroid‐sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS).Experimental design: Urine and clinical data were collected from patients with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome and healthy controls. Using SELDI‐TOF‐MS, we identified an 11‐fold upregulated 13.8 kDa fragment of α 1‐B glycoprotein (A1BG) in urine in SRNS. To validate our findings, A1BG was detected by Western blot. Creatinine was measured and transformed to glomerular filtration rate (GFR) by the new Schwartz formula and classified to chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage. p‐Values were determined by unpaired t‐test and Mann–Whitney rank sum test. Microalbumin was also measured to determine albumin/creatinine ratios.Results: The 13.8 kDa A1BG was present in 7 of 19 patients with SRNS; but absent in all SSNS (n=15) and controls (n=10). The A1BG+ patients had lower GFR than A1BG− patients (p<0.009) and tended to have higher CKD stage.Conclusion and clinical relevance: The 13.8 kDa A1BG fragment had a high discriminatory power for steroid resistance in pediatric nephrotic syndrome, but is only present in a subset of patients. Additional longitudinal studies are required to determine the usefulness of this biomarker as a non‐invasive predictive marker of therapeutic response.
Glucose interactions with a model peptide
Authors: Mason Phillip E. , Lerbret Adrien , Saboungi Marie‐Louise , Neilson George W. , Dempsey Christopher E. , Brady John W. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractMolecular dynamics simulations have been conducted of the helical polypeptide melittin, in concentrated aqueous solutions of the alpha and beta anomers of D‐glucopyranose. Glucose is an osmolyte, and it is expected to be preferentially excluded from the surfaces of proteins. This was indeed found to be the case in the simulations. The results indicate that the observed exclusion may have a contribution from an under‐representation of hydrogen bonding interactions between glucose groups and exposed side chains, compared to water. However, glucose was found to bind quite specifically to melittin by stacking its hydrophobic face, consisting of aliphatic protons, against the flat hydrophobic face of the indole group of the tryptophan‐19 side chain. Although the binding site for this interaction is localized, the binding is weak for both anomers, with a binding free energy estimated as only ∼0.5 kcal/mol (i.e. near kBT). The face of the sugar stacked against the Trp indole ring is different for the two anomers of glucose, due to the disruption of the H1‐H3‐H5 hydrophobic triad of the beta anomer by the axial C1 hydroxyl group in the alpha anomer. The measurable affinity of the sugar for the Trp side chain is consistent with the very frequent occurrence of this group in the binding sites of proteins that complex with sugars. Proteins 2011; © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Magnetic properties of ultrafine‐grained cobalt samples obtained from consolidated nanopowders
Authors: Fellah F. , Chérif S. M. , Bouziane K. , Schoenstein F. , Jouini N. , Dirras G. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractCo powders having nominal average particle size of 50 and 240 nm were synthesized using a polyol method and then consolidated by hot isostatic pressing (HIP) or the emerging spark plasma sintering (SPS) compaction processes. Bulk polycrystalline aggregates were obtained, having average grain sizes of about 200 and 300 nm, respectively. It is found that both nanoparticles and consolidated samples exhibit a soft ferromagnetic behavior. The magnetization reversal likely occurs by nucleation/propagation process. However, a curling process can be involved in the magnetization reversal for the smaller particles. The dynamic measurements provide for the consolidated samples magnetic parameters corresponding to bulk cobalt with vanishing anisotropy. The contribution of the intergranular region is found to be negligible. We can infer that the used consolidation routes insure a good magnetic interfacial contact between the particles.
Nanostructuring in β‐Zn4Sb3 with variable starting Zn compositions
Authors: Rauwel Protima , Løvvik Ole Martin , Rauwel Erwan , Toberer Eric S. , Snyder G. Jeffrey , Taftø Johan 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThermoelectric Zn4−δSb3 samples with varying Zn concentrations were synthesized. The morphology, along with planar and extended defects was studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). For all the Zn concentrations, nanostructuring was observed. Depending on the Zn concentration, two different types of nanostructures were observed: nanovoids and nanograins. Three samples with Zn:Sb ratios of 1.28, 1.30, and 1.36 were studied. The presence of the secondary phases was discussed in terms of the phase diagram. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further elucidated the formation of secondary phases as a function of different Zn:Sb ratio. magnified image
ZnSb nanoparticles in β‐Zn4Sb3.