bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Group music therapy for patients with persistent post‐traumatic stress disorder – an exploratory randomized controlled trial with mixed methods evaluation
Authors: Carr Catherine , d’Ardenne Patricia , Sloboda Ann , Scott Carleen , Wang Duolao , Priebe Stefan 
Published: June 2011

Objectives. Not all patients with post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) respond to cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). Literature suggests group music therapy might be beneficial in treating PTSD. However, feasibility and effectiveness have not been assessed. The study objectives were to assess whether group music therapy was feasible for patients who did not respond to CBT, and whether it has an effect on PTSD symptoms and depression.Design. The study employed mixed methods comprising of an exploratory randomized controlled trial, qualitative content analysis of therapy, and patient interviews.Method. Patients with significant PTSD symptoms (n= 17) following completion of CBT were randomly assigned to treatment (n= 9) or control groups (n= 8). The treatment group received 10 weeks of group music therapy after which exit interviews were conducted. Control group patients were offered the intervention at the end of the study. Symptoms were assessed on the Impact of Events Scale‐Revised and Beck Depression Inventory II at the beginning and end of treatment.Results. Treatment‐group patients experienced a significant reduction in severity of PTSD symptoms (−20.18; 95% confidence interval [CI]: [−31.23, −9.12]) and a marginally significant reduction in depression (−11.92; 95%CI: [−24.05, 0.21]) at 10 weeks from baseline compared to the control. Patients viewed music therapy as helpful and reported experiences concur with current literature.Conclusions. Group music therapy appears feasible and effective for PTSD patients who have not sufficiently responded to CBT. Limitations include the small sample size and lack of blinding. Further research should address these limitations, test sustainability, and identify specific factors that address symptoms in treatment.
Economic burden of physical activity–related injuries in Dutch children aged 10–12
Authors: Collard Dorine C M , Verhagen Evert A L M , van Mechelen Willem , Heymans Martijn W , Chinapaw Mai J M 
Published: June 2011

BackgroundInjuries in children occur most often in physical activity–related activities. A lot of these injuries result in direct and indirect costs. A detailed overview of the economic burden of those injuries in children is lacking.MethodA prospective study was conducted with 996 children in Dutch primary schools to describe the economic burden of injuries that occur during organised sports, leisure time and physical education (PE) class activities. Injuries were continuously monitored by PE teachers during the school year 2006–2007. An injury was recorded if it occurred during PE class, leisure time or organised sports activity and caused the child to at least stop the current activity. If an injury was recorded, parents received a cost diary to report the direct and indirect costs of the child's injury. Costs were collected from a societal perspective.ResultsDuring one school year, a total of 119 injuries were reported by 104 children. The mean total costs as a result of an injury were €188±317. The mean direct costs as a result of an injury were much higher than the mean indirect costs (€131±213 and €57±159, respectively). The highest costs were found for upper extremity and leisure time injuries.ConclusionPhysical activity–related injuries are common in children and result in medical costs. Injuries that lead to the highest costs are those that occur during leisure time activities and upper extremity injuries. Intervention programmes for children to prevent upper extremity injuries and leisure time activity injuries may reduce direct (ie, healthcare) and indirect costs.Trial registration: ISRCTN78846684
Bad Herbs—the Snake Simile in Iliad 22
Authors: van der Mije Sebastiaan R. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractAt the beginning of the 22nd Book of the Iliad, Hector is standing alone outside Troy, seemingly determined to fight Achilles. His parents try to prevail on him to enter Troy, but he neither answers nor complies. In the following simile (vv. 92-7), he is compared to a snake at its hole. The ensuing monologue reveals Hector’s thoughts and feelings. Close reading of the text, especially the simile, reveals that Hector’s ambivalence, which surfaces in the monologue, is already indicated by the narrator in the simile. Hector’s decision to await Achilles is irrational and he knows it. This sets it off from the decisions reached in similar ‘fight or flight’ monologues and explains why Hector’s fighting spirit breaks down under acute threat.
Trust, Diversity, and Segregation in the United States and the United Kingdom1
Authors: Uslaner Eric M. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractGeneralized trust is a value that leads to many positive outcomes for a society. Many analysts argue that trust is lower when we are surrounded by people who are different from ourselves. Residential segregation, not diversity is the culprit in lower levels of trust. Segregation is one of the key reasons why contact with people who are different from ourselves does not lead to greater trust. Diversity is a proxy for the minority share in a community and that: (1) segregation, especially in diverse communities, drives down trust more than diversity does; but (2) close personal ties in integrated diverse communities builds trust, but more so in the United States than in the United Kingdom, and more for majority white communities than for minorities.
Distrust and Mistrust: Lessons from a Low Trust Minority
Authors: Frederiksen Morten 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe latest Danish wave of the European Values Study shows an increase in the prevailing culture of social trust. Low social trust characterises only a minority of the population. This study investigates who maintains low social trust in a Danish environment of high social trust, in comparison with the low trust majority of Austria. The study pursues the interplay between social positions and dispositions through Multiple Correspondence Analysis. Social trust is found to be stratified along an in- and exclusion axis as well as a high and low capital axis of labour market insiders. The analysis suggests a dimension of social trust concerning tolerance of the unknown along the axis of in- and exclusion. Furthermore, it suggests a dimension of social trust concerning clarity or ambiguity in the expectation of cooperation and self-utility of others. The article concludes that a differentiation of social trust in the first dimension as trust/mistrust and trust/distrust in the second dimension is helpful to further social trust research.
The Zurkhaneh in Shiraz
Authors: Luijendijk Dick H. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe zurkhaneh is a place where the alleged indigenous martial system of Iran is practiced. Because of its strong ties to wrestling, the system is based mainly on physical strength necessary for a wrestling match. Exercises are performed to the rhythm of a hand-held drum and songs. The zurkhaneh is a living tradition, and traces of the historical context in which a particular zurkhaneh was founded are visible in its teachings. The purpose of this paper is to determine the changes, which took place in the zurkhaneh during three periods in the city of Shiraz.
A Lexical Archaism in Mazandarani
Authors: Ghanbari Mohammad 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe article examines a lexical archaism meaning 'deaf' in Mazandarani (and Gilaki), fragmentary represented also in the northern area of Semnan, in Shahmirzad. It is purported to be of Eastern Iranian origin, having marginal attestations also in Classical NPers. lexicography, yet without any other occurrences in Western New Iranian.
Azerbaijan's Prospects in Nagorno-Karabakh with the End of Oil Boom
Authors: Rasizade Alec 
Published: June 2011

AbstractModern Azerbaijan is a typical Middle-Eastern petrostate ruled by a classical Middle-Eastern despotia, where political (and economic) power is concentrated and inherited within the ruling Family. Since the death of Heydar Aliev in 2003, tensions between Armenia and Azerbaijan took a turn for the worse when his son, the new Azeri president Ilham Aliev, threatened to resort to force to take Nagorno-Karabakh back. Azerbaijan's recent military compact with Turkey, signed on 17 August 2010, also suggests that Baku is preparing for war. These preparations escalated in 2008 with Kosovo's declaration of independence from Serbia, recognised by the West, and Abkhazia's from Georgia, recognised by Russia, which led to fears in Baku that an unwanted precedent has been set. Azerbaijan completely depends on oil revenue in its standoff against Armenia. However, the second Baku oil boom of 2005-2013 is doomed to end in a few years without any significant economic achievement, as all the petrodollar revenue is being squandered in a construction frenzy. In these circumstances, due to its impending economic and strategic insignificance to the West after the peak of oil production in 2010, Azerbaijan needs to become more realistic in its claim to Nagorno-Karabakh as its ability to persuade the great powers is set to dwindle synchronously with the depletion of oil reserves in 2011-2019.
Redistribution and Reciprocity: A Socio-Economic Interpretation of the Parable of the Labourers in the Vineyard (Matthew 20.1-15)
Authors: Vearncombe Erin 
Published: June 2011

AbstractWhile Matthew's parable of the labourers in the vineyard (20:1-15) is generally regarded as an analogy whereby the goodness of God is contrasted with human notions of justice and reward, when the socio-economic background of the parable is more fully taken into account, specifically the contexts of redistribution and reciprocity, it becomes clear that the parable functions on another level as well. The payment of an equal wage to all labourers regardless of time worked initiates a conflict between the landowner and the full-day workers due to the disruption of economic expectation which the equal payment represents. The parable reverses the worldly economic values of profit and self-interest and aims to demonstrate the possibility of a different kind of social obligation, one based not on debt but on more balanced forms of reciprocity.
Matthew 17.24-27 and its Value for Historical Jesus Research
Authors: Harb Gertraud 
Published: June 2011

AbstractMany scholars have noted that the story of the temple tax in Mt. 17.24-27 could be attributed to the historical Jesus. This article contributes additional details in its support. After a brief discussion of the temple tax and its possible application in the Gospel of Matthew an analysis shows that the oldest pre-Matthean tradition is Mt. 17.25b-26. Next, three criteria of historical Jesus research are applied to these verses: plausibility, contrary tendency and coherence. The conclusion reached is that the saying can and should be attributed to Jesus himself. Thus, though the tax had been widely accepted in Judaism, it is probable that the historical Jesus refused the payment of the temple tax for himself and for his disciples and possibly for all Jews. Hence, the story of the temple tax should be considered and incorporated into the discussion of the historical Jesus and his attitude towards the Temple of Jerusalem.
Economic Diplomacy in a Changing World
Authors: Bleker Henk , Verhagen Maxime 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThis article stresses the importance of economic diplomacy in international policy-making. It elaborates on the global challenges that we face in the coming years. Solving these challenges has become complicated as a result of the rebalancing act from the West towards the East. The challenges touched upon here are issues such as the aftermath of the 2008-2009 global financial crisis, guarding the multilateral system, the decreasing power of the Netherlands, and securing food and raw materials. Solutions to these challenges can be found in increasing our understanding of our new partners and using economic diplomacy more frequently in an intelligent way.
The Economic Effectiveness of Diplomatic Representation: An Economic Analysis of its Contribution to Bilateral Trade
Authors: van Bergeijk Peter A.G. , Yakop Mina , de Groot Henri L.F. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThis article empirically investigates the contribution of different forms of diplomatic representation to the bilateral trade flows (both exports and imports) of a group of 63 countries. The authors report on the construction of a data set that covers 10,524 diplomatic representations. They use these representations as one of the explanatory variables in an applied trade model (the gravity model) for 3,730 bilateral trade flows in order to measure to what extent these representations are economically effective, in the sense that they are associated with larger trade flows. The authors distinguish different forms of international representation in the field of economic diplomacy (such as honorary and career consulates, embassies and embassy branches, and trade and other offices) and find positive and highly significant effects for embassies but mixed results for the other forms of representation. Finally, the authors provide a comparative perspective on the effectiveness of the 63 countries’ foreign services and classify the countries according to the average performance of their network of foreign representations.
Hobbes on the Passions and Imagination: Tradition and Modernity
Authors: Lukac de Stier María 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThis article introduces the doctrine of the passions in the Hobbesian work, showing its debt with tradition, especially the scholastic Aristotelian one, even if, at the same time, it offers some breach features with this tradition, which are also analysed. In addition, the fundamentals of imagination manifest themselves in the appetitive process, in Hobbes's doctrine as well as in the scholastic Aristotelian tradition, showing their similarities and differences.
Exploring the Old French Influence on Middle English Prepositional Constructions: A Phraseological Investigation of at need and in need
Authors: Borchers Melanie 
Published: June 2011

Abstract
As far as the lexical influence of French is concerned Middle English has already been investigated. The present paper claims that the influence that French exerted due to the language contact situation after the Norman Conquest exceeds the impact on the English lexicon and provides evidence for the fact that phraseologisms, i.e. multi-word units, have found their way into the Middle English language, too. According to former research (cf. Nagucka, 2003: 264) prepositional constructions do “not tolerate influence or borrowing”. The present article presents two case studies of prepositional constructions that provide evidence for the contrary; i.e. an influence of Old French prepositional constructions on the Middle English phrasicon.
An Unusual Iodocyclization: An Efficient Synthesis of Pyrimidine-annelated Spiro-heterocycles
Authors: Majumdar K C , Ray Krishanu , Ganai Sintu 
Published: June 2011

Abstract
A simple and efficient method for the synthesis of some hitherto unreported pyrimidine-annelated spiro-heterocycles via 5-endo mode iodocyclization has been described. The reaction is an example of iodocyclization of 1,5-enynes which proceeds in the absence of base and affords the products in excellent yields.
A Sensitive Fluorescent Probe Based on a HPBI Derivative for Detecting Glutathione
Authors: Wang Qiusheng , Li Dunmeng , Liang Wenrui , Ouyang Jie 
Published: June 2011

Abstract
A novel, sensitive, and highly selective fluorescent probe which contains 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)benzimidazole receptor groups has been prepared for detecting glutathione (GSH) that operates under aqueous conditions. The complex of the fluorescent compound with copper(II) ion was selectively responsive to GSH and induced a recovery of blue fluorescence.
Effective Application of Heavy Fluorous Thioglycoside for Oligosaccharide Synthesis
Authors: Goto Kohtaro , Nuermaimaiti Nueramina , Mizuno Mamoru 
Published: June 2011

Abstract
A novel heavy fluorous thioglycoside 6 was developed and applied to oligosaccharide synthesis. The fluorous thioglycoside 6 was readily prepared via the corresponding fluorous thiol. Synthesis of the LacdiNPhth derivative was briefly achieved with a single-column chromatographic purification by using a heavy fluorous tag method. Additionally, the fluorous tag was recovered as fluorous alcohol 1 in high yield.
A Mesoporous Sulfated Zirconia–Silica Material with High Hydrothermal Stability and Acid Catalytic Activity
Authors: Yu Feng , Xu Chao , Zhang Wenbo , Guo Min , Pan Dahai , Li Ruifeng 
Published: June 2011

Abstract
A mesoporous sulfated zirconia–silica material with high hydrothermal stability was prepared by a two-step hydrothermal treatment process in a pH range of 1.65–3. This material still showed high surface area, large pore volume, and uniform structure after steam treatment at 800 °C for 5 h. In cumene cracking, the material exhibited relatively steady catalytic activity even after steam treatment at 600 °C for 2 h.
Synthesis and Property of Tellurium-containing Polymers Obtained by Simple Condensation Reaction of Tetrachlorotellurium and 1,3-Dimethoxybenzene
Authors: Kudo Hiroto , Ishihara Hideatsu , Tomita Masashi 
Published: June 2011

Abstract
Polycondensation reaction of 1,3-dimethoxybenzene and TeCl4 was performed at a feed ratio of 1,3-DMB/TeCl4 = 1/10 without catalyst in 1,4-dioxane at 60 °C for 48 h, affording poly(1,3-DMB-co-Te) with Mn = 45100 and Mw/Mn = 1.89 in 75% yield, with release of HCl. 1H NMR, IR, and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy indicated that poly(1,3-DMB-co-Te) had a partially branched skeleton. This polymer had good solubility, good film-forming ability, high thermal stability, and a high refractive index (1.769 at 0.6328 µm).
Gas Storage Facility Design Under Uncertainty
Authors: Ettehad Amin , Jablonowski Christopher , Lake Larry W 
Published: June 2011

Summary
In the screening and concept-selection stages of gas storage projects, many estimates are required to value competing projects and development concepts. These estimates are important because they influence which projects are selected and which concept proceeds into detailed engineering. In most cases, there is uncertainty in all of the estimates. As a result, operators are faced with the complex problem of determining the optimal design under uncertainty. A systematic uncertainty analysis can help solve this problem and can contribute to better decisions. Ideally, the uncertainty analysis is comprehensive and includes all uncertain variables and simultaneously accounts for reservoir behavior, facility options, and economic objectives.
This paper proposes and demonstrates a workflow and integrated optimization model for uncertainty analysis in gas storage. The optimization model is fast-solving and eliminates many of the constraints on the scope of the uncertainty analysis. Using this workflow or similar workflows and models should facilitate analysis and communication of results within the project team and with other stakeholders.
Prediction of Slug Frequency for High-Viscosity Oils in Horizontal Pipes
Authors: Gokcal B. , Al-Sarkhi A.S. , Sarica C. , Al-Safran E.M. 
Published: June 2011

Summary
Slug frequency is defined as the number of slugs passing at a specific point along a pipeline over a certain period of time. Most experimental studies related to slug frequency in the literature were conducted using air and water. Data with a viscous liquid phase are scarce. Knowledge of the effect of liquid viscosity on slug flow is crucial to size pipelines and design preprocess equipment. In this study, the effects of high oil viscosity on slug frequency for horizontal pipes are investigated experimentally. The experiments are performed at oil viscosities between 0.181 and 0.589 Pa·s in a horizontal pipe. Experimental results are compared with the existing slug-frequency correlations. Experimental observations reveal that slug frequency appears to be a strong function of liquid viscosity. However, existing slug-frequency closure models do not show any explicit dependency on liquid viscosity. A closure model taking into account viscosity effects for horizontal pipes on slug frequency is proposed. The proposed slug-frequency model is compared against published data. The comparison between the proposed closure model and the limited published data shows that the former is a better alternative than existing correlations for high-viscosity oils. The proposed slug-frequency closure model can improve the performance of the existing mechanistic models for high-viscosity-oil applications.
Mechanistic Modeling of Solids Separation in Solid/Liquid Hydrocyclones
Authors: Severino Jose G. , Gomez Luis E. , Wang Shoubo , Mohan Ram S , Shoham Ovadia 
Published: June 2011

Summary
Hydrocyclones have been used for many years for removing solids from continuous liquid media in the mineral, chemical, petroleum, and environmental industries, among others. In oilfield applications, the solid/liquid hydrocyclone (SLHC) has emerged as a sound technological and economical alternative to conventional filtration systems where space, efficiency, reliability, and continuous operations are critical. The SLHC is particularly attractive in offshore, subsea water-injection applications and in other oilfield operations. Early and effective removal of solids in pipelines and process equipment help prevent erosion and premature failures that are costly and pose serious health, safety, or environmental hazards.
To date, hydrocyclone design has relied primarily on empirical experience and, most recently, costly and lengthy computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations. The main objective of this work is the development of a mechanistic model for practical, yet reliable, SLHC design. The proposed model is capable of describing the hydrodynamic-flow phenomena inside the hydrocyclone, enabling the prediction of continuous-phase-swirl intensity and the velocity profile used in determining particle trajectories, and hence, the grade separation efficiency curves. The model is validated against oilfield experimental data run under a wide range of conditions and equipment configurations. Model agreement with global and grade separation efficiency data are 94.7% and 88.2%, respectively.