bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does cortical mapping protect naming if surgery includes hippocampal resection?
Authors: Hamberger Marla J. , Seidel William T. , Goodman Robert R. , McKhann Guy M. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractObjectivePreresection electrical stimulation mapping is frequently used to identify cortical sites critical for visual object naming. These sites are typically spared from surgical resection with the goal of preserving postoperative language. Recent studies, however, suggest a potential role of the hippocampus in naming, although this is inconsistent with neurocognitive models of language and memory. We sought to determine whether preservation of visual naming sites identified via cortical stimulation mapping protects against naming decline when resection includes the hippocampal region.MethodsWe assessed postoperative changes in visual naming in 33 patients, 14 who underwent left temporal resection including hippocampal removal and 19 who had left temporal resection without hippocampal removal. All patients had preresection cortical language mapping. Visual object naming sites identified via electrical stimulation were always preserved.ResultsPatients without hippocampal resection showed no significant naming decline, suggesting a clinical benefit from cortical mapping. In contrast, patients who had hippocampal resection exhibited significant postoperative naming decline, despite preresection mapping and preservation of all visual naming sites (p ≤ 0.02). These group effects were also evident in individual patients (p = 0.02). More detailed, post hoc examination of patients who had hippocampal resection revealed that overall, patients who declined were those with a preoperative, structurally intact hippocampus, whereas patients with preoperative hippocampal sclerosis did not exhibit significant decline.InterpretationDespite cortical language mapping with preservation of visual naming sites from resection, removal of an intact dominant hippocampus will likely result in visual naming decline postoperatively. ANN NEUROL 2010;67:345–352
Effects of obesity induced by high‐fat diet on the pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir, a HIV protease inhibitor, in laboratory rats
Authors: Sugioka Nobuyuki , Haraya Kenta , Fukushima Keizo , Ito Yukako , Takada Kanji 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe effect of obesity induced by a high‐fat diet on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of nelfinavir (NFV) was investigated, focusing on the change of distribution and elimination caused by dyslipidemia and hepatic steatosis.The plasma unbound fraction (fu) of NFV in obese rats (0.61±0.03%) was significantly lower than in the control (1.10±0.09%), caused by increasing the plasma triglyceride‐rich lipoprotein level. After intravenous (i.v.) administration of NFV, the marked decrease of the distribution volume and slower total clearance (39.5% and 69.1% of the control, respectively) caused by the lower fu were the main reasons for the significantly higher area under the blood concentration versus time curve (AUC) in obese rats (145.3% of the control). The absorption of NFV after intraduodenal (i.d.) administration in obese rats was significantly greater than in the control (AUC; 170.4% of the control). The increased bile in obese rats was the main reason for the increasing absorption of NFV, and the lower expression of intestinal P‐glycoprotein was also considered. On the other hand, although higher AUCs in obese rats were shown, unbound AUCs in the obese rats were slightly lower than in the control, namely, the plasma NFV concentration in obese rats to obtain the same pharmacological effect was higher than in the control, suggesting the difficulty of drug monitoring. These results suggest that it is necessary to pay further attention to therapeutic drug monitoring of NFV in patients manifesting metabolic syndrome, such as dyslipidemia and visceral fat accumulation, including hepatic steatosis. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impact of abciximab on mortality and reinfarction in patients with acute ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction treated with primary stenting
Authors: Jeremias Allen , Vasu Sujethra , Gruberg Luis , Kastrati Adnan , Stone Gregg W. , Brown David L. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractObjectives: To combine data from all randomized trials of abciximab versus placebo or open‐label control in patients with STEMI treated with primary stenting to assess the short‐term and long‐term mortality, reinfarction, and bleeding complications. Background: Clinical trials of adjunctive abciximab therapy in patients with ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary stenting have produced conflicting results. Methods: Formal searches of electronic databases (Medline, Cochrane) from January 1990 to April 2009 were performed. Five trials randomizing 2,937 patients (1,475 in the abciximab group, 1,462 in the placebo group) were included in the analysis. Results: When compared with placebo, abciximab was not associated with a significant reduction in the odds of 30‐day (OR 0.71, 95% CI: 0.45–1.14, P = 0.16) or long‐term (OR 0.85, 95% CI: 0.48–1.50, P = 0.57) mortality. Similarly, the rate of reinfarction was not statistically different at 30 days (OR 0.59, 95% CI: 0.30–1.17, P = 0.13) or at long‐term follow‐up (OR 0.67; 95% CI: 0.39–1.16, P = 0.16). However, when trials with upstream use of thienopyridines were excluded, abciximab was associated with a significant reduction in the composite of death or reinfarction at 30 days (OR 0.45; 95% CI: 0.26–0.77, P = 0.004) but not at long‐term follow‐up (OR 0.59; 95% CI: 0.27–1.28, P = 0.18). Conclusion: Routine use of abciximab in patients with STEMI treated with primary stenting may reduce short‐term rates of death or reinfarction in patients not administered preprocedural thienopyridine therapy, but does not appear to be beneficial in those who receive preprocedural thienopyridines. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Results of a multicenter, randomized, double‐blind phase 2/3 study of lenalidomide in the treatment of pretreated relapsed or refractory metastatic malignant melanoma
Authors: Eisen Tim , Trefzer Uwe , Hamilton Anne , Hersey Peter , Millward Michael , Knight Robert D. , Jungnelius Jarl U. , Glaspy John 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:The results of an international, multicenter, randomized, double‐blind, controlled study assessing the efficacy and safety of lenalidomide treatment in patients with refractory stage IV metastatic malignant melanoma are reported.METHODS:The study compared treatment with lenalidomide (25 mg/d on Days 1‐21 of a 28‐day cycle) to placebo in 306 patients with metastatic malignant melanoma. Treatment was continued until progression of disease or unacceptable toxicity.RESULTS:There were no significant differences between lenalidomide and placebo in overall survival (median 5.9 months vs 7.4 months, respectively; P = .32), time to progression (median 3.0 months vs 2.1 months; P = .19), or Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors tumor response (5.3% vs 5.8%; P = .82). None of the patients given placebo discontinued treatment because of treatment‐related adverse events, compared with 4.6% of those treated with lenalidomide. Treatment‐related myelosuppression was observed in 2.0% of patients treated with placebo and 7.3% of patients treated with lenalidomide.CONCLUSIONS:This study showed that treatment with lenalidomide (25 mg/d) has a manageable safety profile in patients with previously treated metastatic malignant melanoma but no benefit in tumor response, time to progression, or overall survival in these patients. Future trials for treatment of metastatic malignant melanoma with lenalidomide should focus on its use in combination therapies. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
The symptom interval in children and adolescents with soft tissue sarcomas
Authors: Ferrari Andrea , Miceli Rosalba , Casanova Michela , Meazza Cristina , Favini Francesca , Luksch Roberto , Catania Serena , Fiore Marco , Morosi Carlo , Mariani Luigi 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:In a series of 575 patients ≤21 years of age with soft tissue sarcomas (STSs), the authors investigated the association patterns between symptom interval (ie, the period between the onset of the first symptoms or signs of the disease and its definitive diagnosis) and patient/tumor characteristics or disease outcome (in terms of survival).METHODS:The analysis was based on multivariate models (linear for associations with patient/tumor characteristics and Cox's for survival).RESULTS:The symptom interval ranged between 1 week and 60 months (median, 2 months) and tended to be longer the older the patient (ie, the interval was longer in adolescents than in children) and the larger the tumor's size, and for tumors located at the extremities and for nonrhabdomyosarcoma STSs (as opposed to rhabdomyosarcomas). A longer symptom interval unfavorably influenced survival (P = .002), which was also significantly affected by the patient's age and the size and surgical stage of the tumor. A different pattern of association between symptom interval and survival emerged for different types of STS histology.CONCLUSIONS:Our study points to an independent prognostic effect of symptom interval that cannot be explained by its associations with other factors, such as patient's age or the site, size, stage, and histology of the tumor. Future studies should focus more on the possible causes of symptom interval in pediatric STS populations to enable corrective measures to be implemented to reduce the diagnostic delay. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Extent of disease burden determined with magnetic resonance imaging of the bone marrow is predictive of survival outcome in patients with multiple myeloma
Authors: Ailawadhi Sikander , Abdelhalim Ahmed N. , Derby Lyudmyla , Mashtare Terry L. , Miller Kena C. , Wilding Gregory E. , Alberico Ronald A. , Gottlieb Ronald , Klippenstein Donald L. , Lee Kelvin , Chanan‐Khan Asher A. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:Multiple myeloma (MM) remains an incurable cancer. Treatment often is initiated at the time patients experience a progressive increase in tumor burden. The authors of this report investigated magnetic resonance imaging of the bone marrow (BM‐MRI) as a novel approach to quantify disease burden and validated a staging system by correlating BM‐MRI with common clinical and laboratory parameters.METHODS:The extent of bone marrow involvement was evaluated by BM‐MRI. Clinical and laboratory parameters were assessed in patients with active MM, and correlations between variables were assessed statistically. Bone marrow involvement by BM‐MRI was defined as stage A (0%), stage B (<10%), stage C (10%‐50%), and stage D (>50%).RESULTS:In total, 170 consecutive patients were evaluated (77 women and 93 men), including 144 patients who had active MM. The median age was 61 years (age range, 35‐83 years). Advance stage disease (stage >I) based on Durie‐Salmon (DS) staging or International Staging System (ISS) criteria was observed in 122 patients (84%) and 77 patients (53%), respectively. Lytic bone disease was noted in 120 patients (83%). There was a significant association between BM‐MRI involvement and DS stage (P = .0006), ISS stage (P = .0001), the presence of lytic bone disease (P < .0001) and mean β‐2 microglobulin levels (P < .0001). Among the patients with previously untreated MM, there was a significant association between BM‐MRI stage and overall survival (OS) (univariate P = .013; multivariate P = .045). Plasmacytosis on bone marrow biopsy at diagnosis was not predictive of OS (P = .91).CONCLUSIONS:BM‐MRI is a novel approach for quantifying disease burden in patients with MM. The current investigation in a large cohort of nontransplantion MM patients demonstrated that the extent of bone marrow involvement determined by BM‐MRI correlates accurately with other conventional parameters of disease burden and can independently predict survival in patients with MM at the time of initial diagnosis. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Modelling and analysis of the AMBA bus using CSP and B
Authors: McEwan Alistair A. , Schneider Steve 
Published: October 2009

AbstractIn this paper, we present a formal model and analysis of the Advanced Microcontroller Bus Architecture (AMBA) Advanced High‐performance Bus (AHB). The model is given in CSP ∥ B—an integration of the process algebra CSP and the state‐based formalism B. We describe the theory behind the integration of CSP and B, and present the model in this theory. Analysis is performed using the model‐checker ProB. The contribution of this paper may be summarized as follows: presentation of a formal model of the AMBA AHB protocol such that it may be used for analysis of co‐design systems incorporating the bus, an evaluation of the integration of CSP and B in the production of such a model, and a demonstration and evaluation of ProB in performing this analysis. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Binge eating, purging, or both: Eating disorder psychopathology findings from an internet community survey
Authors: Roberto Christina A. , Grilo Carlos M. , Masheb Robin M. , White Marney A. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to compare bulimia nervosa (BN), binge eating disorder (BED), and purging disorder (PD) on clinically significant variables and examine the utility of once versus twice‐weekly diagnostic thresholds for disturbed eating behaviors.Method234 women with BN, BED, or PD were identified through self‐report measures via an online survey and categorized based on either once‐weekly or twice‐weekly disturbed eating behaviors.ResultsBN emerged as a more severe disorder than BED and PD. The three groups differed significantly in self‐reported restraint and disinhibition and the BN and BED groups reported higher levels of depression than PD. For BN, those engaging in behaviors twice‐weekly versus once‐weekly were more symptomatic.DiscussionThe BN, BED, and PD groups differed in clinically meaningful ways. Future research need to clarify the relationship between mood disturbances and eating behaviors. Reducing the twice‐weekly behavior threshold for BN would capture individuals with clinically significant eating disorders, though the twice‐weekly threshold may provide important information about disorder severity for both BN and BED. © 2009 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2010; 43:724–731
Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Amino Acids: An Expedient Access to L‐ and D‐β‐Hydroxyenduracididine Derivatives
Authors: Schwörer Clemens J. , Oberthür Markus 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe nonproteinogenic amino acids (3S,4S)‐L‐ and (3S,4S)‐D‐β‐hydroxyenduracididine (βhEnd), each containing a cyclic guanidine group and three contiguous stereocenters, have been synthesized for the first time, starting from commercially available diacetone D‐glucose. The key inversion reactions for the introduction of the two nitrogen groups at C‐2 and C‐4 afford products that are diastereomerically pure and easy to purify, thereby allowing the gram‐scale preparation of βhEnd derivatives that are suitably protected for peptide coupling reactions. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Optimization of urinary pteridine analysis conditions by CE‐LIF for clinical use in early cancer detection
Authors: Gibbons Stephen E. , Stayton Isaac , Ma Yinfa 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe second leading cause of death in the US is cancer and early discovery of the disease has translated into reduced fatality rates. We have identified and performed a systematic investigation of a method for urinary pteridine analysis by using CE‐LIF, which is believed to possess the potential to diagnose the presence of cancer even earlier than existing methodologies. Through system enhancements, we have been able to improve the resolution of the two least resolved sets of peaks (6,7‐dimethylpterin versus 6‐biopterin and D‐(+)‐neopterin versus 6‐hydroxymethylpterin) from 0.85 to 2.48 and 0.90 to 3.58, respectively. Additionally, we have discovered that the preparation of the urine samples in previous works was inadequate, and we have corrected the method to fully oxidize the pteridines in the urine, resulting in significantly less variability in quantification and greater ease of defining p‐values for healthy versus cancer patients. Finally, we have performed validation steps of spike and recovery and short‐term aging studies to demonstrate the method's robustness. As a result, we present an optimized and validated method ready for transfer from discovery phase to clinical trial that can potentially act as a non‐invasively pre‐screening test for cancer.
Subcomplexes of mitochondrial complex V reveal mutations in mitochondrial DNA
Authors: Smet Joél , Seneca Sara , De Paepe Boel , Meulemans Ann , Verhelst Helene , Leroy Jules , De Meirleir Linda , Lissens Willy , Van Coster Rudy 
Published: October 2009

AbstractComplex V, site of the final step in oxidative phosphorylation, uses the proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane for the production of ATP. It is a multi‐subunit complex composed of a catalytic domain (F1) and a membrane domain (F0) linked by two stalks. Subcomplexes of complex V containing the F1 domain have previously been reported in small series of patients. We report the results in tissue samples and/or cultured skin fibroblasts studied by blue native PAGE followed by activity staining in the gel. Catalytically active subcomplexes of complex V were detected in 66 tissues originating from 53 patients. In 29 of the latter (55%), a mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) defect was identified. Twelve patients had a pathogenic point mutation in a mitochondrial tRNA, one a large mtDNA deletion, 12 showed mtDNA depletion and four had a mutation in the MT‐ATP6 gene. We conclude that the presence of subcomplexes of complex V is a valuable indicator in the detection of mtDNA defects.
A new multiplex for human identification using insertion/deletion polymorphisms
Authors: Pereira Rui , Phillips Christopher , Alves Cíntia , Amorim António , Carracedo Ángel , Gusmão Leonor 
Published: October 2009

AbstractHuman identification is usually based on the study of STRs or SNPs depending on the particular characteristics of the investigation. However, other types of genetic variation such as insertion/deletion polymorphisms (indels) have considerable potential in the field of identification, since they can combine the desirable characteristics of both STRs and SNPs. In this study, a set of 38 non‐coding bi‐allelic autosomal indels reported to be polymorphic in African, European, and Asian populations were selected. We developed a sensitive genotyping assay, which is able to characterize all 38 bi‐allelic markers using a single multiplex PCR and detected with standard CE analyzers. Amplicon length was designed to be shorter than 160 bp. Complete profiles were obtained using 0.3 ng of DNA, and full genotyping of degraded samples was possible in cases where standard STR typing had partially failed. A total of 306 individuals from Angola, Mozambique, Portugal, Macau, and Taiwan were studied and population data are presented. All indels were polymorphic in the three population groups studied and the random match probabilities of the set ranged in orders of magnitude from 10−14 to 10−15. Therefore, the indel‐plex represents a valuable approach in human identification studies, especially in challenging DNA cases, as a more straightforward and efficient alternative to SNP typing.
Applications of MALDI‐TOF MS to large‐scale human mtDNA population‐based studies
Authors: Cerezo María , Černý Viktor , Carracedo Ángel , Salas Antonio 
Published: October 2009

AbstractAnalysis of the mitochondrial DNA variation in populations is commonly carried out in many fields of biomedical research. We propose the analysis of mitochondrial DNA coding region SNP (mtSNP) variation to a high level of phylogenetic resolution based on MALDI‐TOF MS. The African phylogeny has been chosen to test the applicability of the technique but any other part of the worldwide phylogeny (or any other mtSNP panel) could be equally suitable for MALDI‐TOF MS genotyping. SNP selection thus aimed to fully cover all the mtSNPs defining major and minor branches of the known African tree, including, macro‐haplogroup L, and haplogroups M1, and U6. A total of 230 mtSNPs were finally selected. We used tests samples collected from two different African locations, namely, Mozambique and Chad Basin. Different internal genotyping controls and other indirect approaches (e.g. phylogenetic checking coupled with automatic sequencing) were used in order to evaluate the reproducibility of the technique, which resulted to be 100% using samples previously subjected to whole genome amplification. The advantages of the MALDI‐TOF MS are also discussed in comparison with other popular methods such as minisequencing, highlighting its high‐throughput nature, which is particularly suitable for case–control medical studies, forensic databasing or population and anthropological studies.
Ground‐motion attenuation relationship for the Sumatran megathrust earthquakes
Authors: Megawati Kusnowidjaja , Pan Tso‐Chien 
Published: October 2009

AbstractA representative attenuation relationship is one of the key components required in seismic hazard assessment of a region of interest. Attenuation relationships for peak ground acceleration, peak ground velocity and response spectral accelerations for Sumatran megathrust earthquakes, covering Mw up to 9.0, are derived based on synthetic seismograms obtained from a finite‐fault kinematic model. The relationships derived are for very hard rock site condition and for a long‐distance range between 200 and 1500 km. They are then validated with recorded data from giant earthquakes on the Sumatran megathrust occurring since year 2000. A close examination of the recorded data also shows that spectral shapes predicted by most of the existing attenuation relationships and that specified in the IBC code are not particularly suitable for sites where potential seismic hazard is dominated by large‐magnitude, distant, earthquakes. Ground motions at a remote site are typically signified by the dominance of long‐period components with periods longer than 1 s, whereas the predominant periods from most of the existing attenuation relationships and the IBC code are shorter than 0.6 s. The shifting of response spectrum towards longer period range for distant earthquakes should be carefully taken into account in the formulation of future seismic codes for Southeast Asia, where many metropolises are located far from active seismic sources. The attenuation relationship derived in the present study can properly reproduce the spectral shape from distant subduction earthquakes, and could hopefully give insights into the formulation of future seismic codes. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Assessment of menthol mint collection for genetic variability and monoterpene biosynthetic potential
Authors: Shasany Ajit K. , Gupta Soni , Gupta Mahesh K. , Naqvi Ali A. , Bahl Janak R. , Khanuja Suman P. S. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractEighteen accessions of Mentha arvensis var. piperascens Holmes from the CIMAP collection (CIMAP/C01 to CIMAP/C18) consisting of wild collections and released varieties, their mutants, seed progeny and hybrids from the CIMAP gene bank were assessed for diversity through a combined morphochemical and molecular approach. Morphological characters, oil yield and essential oil components were taken into account to generate a cluster that outgrouped accession CIMAP/C05 from others. A total of 60 primers were used for RAPD and the tree generated after cluster analysis revealed accession CIMAP/C05 as the most diverse genotype. All the accessions exhibited differences in narrow range except CIMAP/C05. A wide range of compositional differences were observed in the essential oil profile of the genotypes indicating varying efficiencies of conversion of one component into other and/or existing metabolic blocks in the essential oil biosynthetic pathway in them. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.