bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A review of the anatomy of the hip abductor muscles, gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, and tensor fascia lata
Authors: Flack Natasha Amy May Sparks , Nicholson Helen D. , Woodley Stephanie Jane 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe hip abductor muscles have the capability to contribute to numerous actions, including pelvic stabilization during gait, and abduction and rotation at the hip joint. To fully understand the role of these muscles, as well as their involvement in hip joint dysfunction, knowledge of their anatomical structure is essential. The clinical literature suggests anatomical diversity within these muscles, and that gluteus medius (GMed) and gluteus minimus (GMin), in particular, may be comprised of compartments. This systematic review of the English literature focuses on the gross anatomy of GMed, GMin, and tensor fascia lata (TFL) muscles. Although studies of this muscle group have generated useful descriptions, comparison of results is hindered by methodological limitations. Furthermore, there is no single comprehensive anatomical investigation of all three muscles. Several aspects of the morphology of attachment sites are unknown or unclear. There is little data on fascicle orientation, the interface between fascicles and tendons, and the specific patterning of the superior gluteal nerve. Consequently, the existence of anatomical compartmentalization within the hip abductor muscles is difficult to assess. Further research of the architecture and innervation of the hip abductor muscle group is required; a better understanding of the precise anatomy of these muscles should improve our understanding of their specific functions and their contribution to the pathogenesis of disorders affecting the hip joint. Clin. Anat. 25:697–708, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Transoral robotic surgery of the oropharynx: Clinical and anatomic considerations
Authors: Moore Eric J. , Janus Jeff , Kasperbauer Jan 
Published: November 2011

AbstractTransoral robotic surgery provides a mechanism to approach tumors of the upper aerodigestive tract through a natural body orifice—the mouth. The technique has been applied most often to malignant tumors of the oropharynx. The use of this technique, however, forces the surgeon to view the anatomy from a different vantage point. Head and neck surgeons are accustomed to the oropharynx from lateral to medial. The transoral approach forces surgeons to consider the anatomy from the oral cavity and oropharynx medial perspective. This article will discuss the relevant anatomy, operative goals, robotic technique, and clinical considerations of transoral robotic surgery of the oropharynx. Clin. Anat. 25:135–141, 2012. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
MBNL1–RNA Recognition: Contributions of MBNL1 Sequence and RNA Conformation
Authors: Fu Yuan , Ramisetty Sreenivasa Rao , Hussain Nejmun , Baranger Anne M. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractMuscleblind‐like proteins (MBNL) are RNA‐binding proteins that bind to the poly(CUG) and poly(CCUG) sequences that are the causative agents of myotonic dystrophy. It has been suggested that as a result of binding to the repeating RNA sequences, MBNL1 is abnormally expressed and translocated, which leads to many of the misregulated events in myotonic dystrophy. In this work, steady‐state fluorescence quenching experiments suggest that MBNL1 alters the structure of helical RNA targets upon binding, which may explain the selectivity of MBNL1 for less structured RNA sites. The removal of one pair of zinc fingers greatly impairs the binding affinity of MBNL1, which indicates that the two pairs of zinc fingers might possibly interact with RNA targets cooperatively. Alanine scanning mutagenesis results suggest that the binding energy may be distributed across the protein. Overall, the results presented here suggest that small molecules that stabilize the helical structure of poly(CUG) and poly(CCUG) RNAs will inhibit the formation of complexes with MBNL1.
Frequency and impact of bleeding in elective coronary stent clinical trials—Utility of three commonly used definitions
Authors: Fleming Lisa M. , Novack Victor , Novack Lena , Cohen Sidney A. , Negoita Manuela , Cutlip Donald E. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBackground: Bleeding events are common after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and have been shown to increase mortality in studies of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and anti‐thrombotic therapy. Despite this evidence, bleeding has not been included as a traditional major endpoint in clinical trials of low‐risk populations enrolled in PCI clinical trials. Thus, the impact of specific bleeding definitions has not been evaluated fully among these patients. Methods and Results: Using patient‐level pooled data from sirolimus and zotarolimus drug‐eluting stent clinical trials, we identified bleeding events using three common definitions of bleeding, ACUITY, TIMI, and GUSTO, and assessed the impact on mortality and MI at 12 months after PCI. The GUSTO, ACUITY, and TIMI classifications identified bleeding rates of 2.3%, 1.9%, and 2.1%, respectively. The GUSTO criteria classified all 118 suspected bleeding events. There were 22 (18.6%) and 8 (6.8%) suspected bleeding events that did not meet ACUITY and TIMI criteria, respectively. The combined endpoint of all‐cause death or myocardial infarction (MI) at 12 months was significantly higher for patients with a bleeding event compared with those who did not bleed [hazard ratio 1.95 (95% CI 1.06–3.60)]. Conclusion: There is a substantial variability in the utility and inclusiveness of three widely used bleeding definitions in identifying clinically significant bleeding events in clinical trials of low risk patients undergoing PCI with DES. Patients with bleeding after elective PCI have an increased one‐year risk of death or MI compared to those patients who do not bleed. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Wire fractures in Solysafe® septal occluders: A single center experience
Authors: Gielen Stephen , Riede Frank T. , Schuler Gerhard , Dähnert Ingo 
Published: November 2011

AbstractObjectives: To determine the incidence of device fractures (DF) after implantation of a Solysafe® Septal Occluder (iSSO) and to assess the spectrum of associated problems. Background: In August 2010, after initial unpublished reports on DF, the manufacturer issued an “urgent field safety notice,” prompting all medical care providers to re‐examine all patients after iSSO. Methods: Prospective single center study. Extended follow‐up examination, including standardized fluoroscopy (sF), was performed in all patients after iSSO. Results: A total of 111 patients had undergone iSSO at our institution between June 2005 and July 2010. Median age and body weight were 50 years (9.3–79.6) and 75 kg (29–122), respectively. Indications for iSSO were (1) patent foramen ovale in patients with a history of cryptogenic stroke (n = 84; 76%) and (2) hemodynamically significant atrial septal defect of the secundum type (n = 27; 24%). A total of 113 devices were implanted. Complete follow‐up was available in 103 patients (92.8%). Median follow‐up was 1.9 years (0–5.2). There were no postimplantation neurological events or symptoms. The closure rate was 97.1%. DF was suspected on a chest X‐ray in one patient and documented in 10 patients by sF. The overall probability of freedom from DF was 82.3% after 5 years. One patient had embolization of a device fragment to the right pulmonary artery. So far, all patients with DF have been managed conservatively. Conclusions: The incidence of DF after iSSO is unacceptably high. sF is imperative for accurate diagnosis of DF. Further, follow‐up is needed to determine the risk of clinical complications and to optimize management. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
In vivo comparison of a polymer‐free Biolimus A9‐eluting stent with a biodegradable polymer‐based Biolimus A9 eluting stent and a bare metal stent in balloon denuded and radiated hypercholesterolemic rabbit iliac arteries
Authors: Waksman Ron , Pakala Rajbabu , Baffour Richard , Seabron Rufus , Hellinga David , Chan Rosanna , Su Shih‐Horng , Kolodgie Frank , Virmani Renu 
Published: November 2011

AbstractObjectives: To evaluate the effect of a polymer‐free Biolimus A9‐eluting stent [BioFreedom™ (BF)], compared with that of a biodegradable polymer‐based Biolimus A9‐eluting stent [BioMatrix Flex™ (BMF)] and a bare metal stent (BMS) in balloon denuded and radiated hypercholesterolemic rabbit iliac arteries. Methods: Rabbits were fed with 1% cholesterol diet (n = 14) for 14 days, both iliac arteries were balloon denuded and radiated, and then rabbits were switched to 0.15% cholesterol diet. After 4 weeks, BF (n = 8), BMF (n = 8), and BMS (n = 8) were deployed in denuded and radiated areas. Four weeks later animals were euthanized, arterial segments were processed for morphometry. Results: The neointimal area in vessels implanted with BF stents was significantly less than that seen in vessels implanted with BMS (0.90 mm2 ± 0.14 vs. 1.29 mm2 ± 0.23, P <0.01). Percent fibrin and fibrin score were higher with BMF stents compared to BMS (P <0.03 and <0.04) and giant cell number was significantly higher with both BMF and BF stents (P < 0.01 for both). Percent endothelialization was significantly higher and % uncovered struts were lower with BMS compared to either BMF or BF stents (P < 0.05 for both). Conclusion: This study demonstrates that compared to BMS, BF stents significantly decreased neointimal hyperplasia. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A comparison between dual axis rotational coronary angiography and conventional coronary angiography
Authors: Grech Marvin , Debono Joseph , Xuereb Robert G. , Fenech Albert , Grech Victor 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBackground: Coronary angiography remains the gold standard for the investigation of coronary artery disease, and is carried out in multiple, predefined stationary views, at different angulations around the patient, for both left and right coronary arteries. Dual axis rotational coronary angiography (DARA) is an alternative technique wherein the c‐arm rotates around the patient in a preprogrammed single acquisition, exposing the entire coronary artery at different angulations. The DARA system has been recently installed in the Cardiac Catheterisation Suite at Mater Dei Hospital, Malta, where a monoplane and a biplane machine are available. This study was carried out in order to compare DARA with conventional single and biplane coronary imaging, with respect to radiation dose, contrast loads, and procedure time. Methods: This study was carried out over the period from September to December 2010. Four hundred sixty‐three patients were studied. Patients referred for the investigation of native coronary anatomy, for whatever indication, were consented and included, and randomly assigned to one of four groups depending on which machine and modality was used: monoplane conventional, monoplane DARA, biplane conventional, and biplane DARA. Results: DARA was statistically significantly superior in dose area product, fluoroscopy time, amount of contrast used, and procedure time. These reductions ranged between 12 (contrast used) and 71% (procedure time). Conclusions: The advantages of such systems are obvious to both patient and healthcare provider, and DARA may prove to be an important and useful tool in the refinement of diagnostic coronary angiography by reducing patient contrast and radiation doses and reducing procedure time. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Dynamic Changes of Stipa bungeana Steppe Species Diversity as Better Indicators for Soil Quality and Sustainable Utilization Mode in Yunwu Mountain Nature Reserve, Ningxia, China
Authors: Cheng Jie , Cheng Jimin , Hu Tianming , Shao Hongbo , Zhang Jianming 
Published: November 2011

AbstractDue to serious degradation of typical Stipa bungeana steppe community on the Loess Plateau, a 26‐year (1982–2007) experiment has been carried out by methods of forbidden grazing, cutting, and rotational grazing. Our results show that the process of succession of long‐term enclosed S. bungeana community can be divided into two stages: 1980–1996, the forward succession stage, when the species diversity and biomass reach the peak (33.7 species/m2 and 1349.41 g/m2, respectively); 1997–2007, the slow succession stage, when the gradually thickening of litter layer (litter depth reaches 3–5 cm) directly causes the reduction of species diversity and biomass to 19.1 species/m2 and 863.19 g/m2, respectively. While under the cutting and rotational grazing methods, grassland succession can be divided into four stages: 1st–5th year, the continuing growth stage; 6th–9th year, the vigorous competing stage; 10th–15th year, the aggregation growth stage of constructive species with biomass reaching the peak (1444.19 g/m2); and 16th–23rd year, stable growth stage of constructive species, which form sub‐climax and are eventually dominated by S. bungeana, with the species diversity and biomass of 25–27 species/m2 and 956.76–1165.35 g/m2, respectively. The constructive species suddenly change in the 24th year, and the population of S. grandis increases rapidly to 21 m−2 accounting for 25% of the total plant population. Long‐term enclosure leads to decreased species diversity and biomass and is not beneficial for grassland renewing. The species diversity and biomass of degraded grassland continuously decrease to 10 species/m2 and 392.1 g/m2 due to long‐term artificial failure and transitionally grazing, leading to harden soil with slow rainfall infiltration, where plants can only sustain life under the drought condition. Therefore, reasonable cutting and rotational grazing are the methods of choice for the gradual increase of species diversity and promotion of the natural renewal and forward succession of the grassland on Loess Plateau. These results provide reliable information for the diversity dynamic change as better indictors of soil quality and sustainable utilization mode.
Sepsis leads to a reduced antigen‐specific primary antibody response
Authors: Mohr Arno , Polz Johannes , Martin Elisabeth M. , Grießl Sybille , Kammler Anja , Pötschke Christian , Lechner Anja , Bröker Barbara M. , Mostböck Sven , Männel Daniela N. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractImmunosuppression, impaired cytokine production and high susceptibility to secondary infections are characteristic for septic patients, and for mice after induction of polymicrobial septic peritonitis by sublethal cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Here, we demonstrate that CLP markedly altered subsequent B‐cell responses. Total IgG and IgM levels, as well as the memory B‐cell response, were increased in septic mice, but antigen‐specific primary antibody production was strongly impaired. We found that two days after CLP, CD11b+ splenocytes were activated as demonstrated by the increased expression of activation markers, expression of arginase and production of NO by immature myeloid cells. The in vivo clearance of a bacterial infection was not impaired. DCs demonstrated reduced IL‐12 production and altered antigen presentation, resulting in decreased proliferation but enhanced IFN‐γ production by CD4+ cells. CD4+ T cells from mice immunized on day 2 after CLP showed reduced Th1 and Th2 cytokine production. In addition, there was an increase in Treg cells. Interestingly, levels of immature B cells decreased but levels of mature B cells increased two days after CLP. However, adoptive transfer of naïve CD4+ T cells, naïve B cells, or naïve DCs did not rescue the antigen‐specific antibody response.
Naphthaldehyde–Urea/Thiourea Conjugates as Turn‐On Fluorescent Probes for Al3+ Based on Restricted C=N Isomerization
Authors: Maity Debabrata , Govindaraju T. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractWe have synthesized naphthaldehyde–carbonohydrazone (NC) and naphthaldehyde–thiocarbonohydrazone (NTC) Schiff base ligands by the condensation reaction of 2‐hydroxy naphthaldehyde with urea and thiourea, respectively. Both these Schiff base ligands show blue turn‐on fluorescence in the presence of aluminum(III), as a result of a restricted C=N isomerization mechanism. Aluminum(III) can be detected in the presence of most of the competing metal ions by using NC and NTC. The association constant (log Ka) of NC and NTC for Al3+ in acetonitrile was calculated to be 14.5 and 14.1, respectively.
Cooperative Aliphatic PNP Amido Pincer Ligands – Versatile Building Blocks for Coordination Chemistry and Catalysis
Authors: Schneider Sven , Meiners Jenni , Askevold Bjorn 
Published: November 2011

AbstractIn this review, the coordination chemistry of electron‐rich metal complexes with the simple aliphatic, anionic diphosphanylamido ligand {N(CH2CH2PR2)2}– is covered and compared with other commonly used, anionic PEP (E = C, N) pincer ligands. The strong π‐basicity of this ligand enables both the stabilization of electronically and coordinatively highly unsaturated complexes and their use as cooperating ligands in bifunctional stoichiometric bond activation reactions and catalysis. Versatile ligand backbone dehydrogenation gives access to related enamido and dienamido ligands {(R2PCHCH)N(CH2CH2PR2)}– and {N(CHCHPR2)2}–, respectively. This oxidative functionalization enables fine‐tuning of the ligand donor properties and thereby of the structural features, electronic structure, and reactivity of the respective complexes, which is discussed for several examples.
Effects of chronic polybrominated diphenyl ether exposure on gonadal development in the northern leopard frog, Rana pipiens
Authors: Van Schmidt Nathan D. , Cary Tawnya L. , Ortiz-Santaliestra Manuel E. , Karasov William H. 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are bioaccumulative, persistent organic pollutants used as flame retardants in consumer goods. Concentrations of PBDEs in North American wildlife have been increasing for decades and been shown to have estrogenic effects on sexual development. No studies, however, have examined the effects of PBDEs on the sexual development of North American frogs at ecologically relevant concentrations. This study examined the effects of five dietary concentrations of DE-71 (0, 1.1, 6.1, 71.4, and 634 ng ΣPBDEs/g diet), a technical PBDE mixture, on the gonadal development of the northern leopard frog, Rana pipiens. Tadpoles were exposed chronically from the time they became free-swimming until metamorphosis. Frogs were killed either at metamorphic climax or 10 weeks after completing metamorphosis, processed for histology, and examined for alterations in sexual development. The experimental group exposed to PBDEs at 1.1 ng/g had a significantly larger proportion of females compared with the expected 50:50 sex ratio. At 10 weeks post-metamorphosis, male frogs exposed to 6.1 and 71.4 ng/g had significantly smaller testes, but all other measure of gonadal development tested showed no effects. No intersex or increased incidence of gonadal abnormality were detected. These findings indicate that PBDEs may disrupt sexual differentiation in frogs at low, environmentally relevant concentrations. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012;31:347–354. © 2011 SETAC
Targeting tumor hypoxia in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Hong Bo , Lui Vivian Wai Yan , Hashiguchi Masumi , Hui Edwin Pun , Chan Anthony Tak‐Cheung 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBackgroundNasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an endemic head and neck cancer in Southeast Asia. Although concurrent chemoradiotherapy generally results in good clinical response for early diseases, posttreatment relapse and distant metastasis are major causes for NPC deaths. There is an urgent need for more effective therapies for advanced NPC. Recent studies have demonstrated tumor hypoxia can be a therapeutic target in NPC.MethodsA Medline review of articles published on clinical and preclinical studies targeting tumor hypoxia was performed.ResultsStudies published to date showed that tumor hypoxia is common in NPC and it is associated with disease progression and resistance to therapy. Several mechanisms have been proposed on the role of tumor hypoxia in NPC cell survival, angiogenesis, and metabolism. Studies reported by us and by others have demonstrated the therapeutic potential of targeting tumor hypoxia in NPC.ConclusionsCumulative studies indicate that targeting tumor hypoxia could be an effective approach for NPC treatment. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2013
In vitro model of stromal and epithelial immortalized endometriotic cells
Authors: Boccellino Mariarosaria , Quagliuolo Lucio , Verde Annarita , La Porta Raffaele , Crispi Stefania , Piccolo Maria Teresa , Vitiello Antonio , Baldi Alfonso , Signorile Pietro Giulio 
Published: November 2011

AbstractEndometriosis is a relatively common chronic gynecologic disorder that usually presents with chronic pelvic pain or infertility. It results from implantation of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity. Despite its frequency and its impact on quality of life, the understanding of pathogenesis of endometriosis remains incomplete and its treatment remains controversial. In this work, we established a suitable in vitro model system of immortalized human endometriotic cell line taking advantage of the human telomerase reverse transcriptase. The results demonstrate that these cells retain the natural characteristics of endometrial cells in term of phenotype and of functional expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors, without chromosomal abnormalities. In conclusion, these cells are potentially useful as an experimental model to investigate endometriosis biology. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 1292–1301, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Clinical and sonographic features of uncommon primary ovarian malignancies
Authors: Alcázar Juan Luis , Guerriero Stefano , Pascual María Ángela , Ajossa Silvia , Olartecoechea Begoña , Hereter Lourdes 
Published: November 2011

AbstractPurpose.To describe the gray‐scale and color Doppler ultrasound features of uncommon (<5% prevalence) primary malignant ovarian tumors.Methods:Retrospective analysis of 98 masses in 89 patients (median age: 50.4 years old, ranging from 15 to 81 years) diagnosed as having an uncommon primary ovarian malignancy. All patients had undergone transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound according to a standardized protocol prior to surgical tumor removal. Ultrasound features analyzed were laterality, presence of ascites, tumor volume, morphologic appearance (unilocular, multilocular, unilocular‐solid, multilocular‐solid, and solid), and color Doppler score (subjective assessment of the amount of flow as absent, scanty, moderate, or abundant).Results.Pathological diagnoses included uncommon epithelial tumors (n = 59), germ cell tumors (n = 10), sex cord‐stromal tumors (n = 11), sarcoma (n = 9), and lymphoma (n = 9). Germ cell tumors presented in younger women (p < 0.001). Germ cell tumors, sex cord‐stromal tumors, sarcomas, and lymphomas were significantly more often solid as compared with epithelial malignancies, which appeared more frequently as complex (cystic‐solid) tumors (p < 0.001). There were no differences in color Doppler score between the various types of tumors.Conclusions.Germ cell tumors, sex cord‐stromal tumors, sarcomas, and lymphomas tend to appear as unilateral solid tumors. Color Doppler score is not useful for discriminating among uncommon primary ovarian malignancies. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2012