bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors for regression and progression of actively surveilled cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Bergqvist Laura , Virtanen Anni , Kalliala Ilkka , Bützow Ralf , Jakobsson Maija , Heinonen Annu , Louvanto Karolina , Dillner Joakim , Nieminen Pekka , Aro Karoliina 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIntroductionTo evaluate predicting clinical factors for regression and progression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 2 (CIN2) in young women during two years of active surveillance.Material and MethodsThis was a single‐center prospective observational cohort study. Women under 31 years of age giving written informed consent with histologically confirmed CIN2 were followed with colposcopy, cytology, and biopsies every 6 months up to 24 months. At baseline, HPV genotyping was performed on cervical samples. The rates of regression and progression were recorded for every timepoint and at the end of study overall and stratified according to clinical factors and HPV genotypes at baseline. Risk ratio (RR) was used to estimate the relative risks for regression and progression. The study was registered in the ISRCTN registry (ISRCTN91953024).ResultsIn total, 205/243 (84.4%) women completed the study. Complete regression (normal histology and/or normal or atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC‐US) cytology) was detected in 64.4.% (n = 132) while 16.1% (n = 33) of the lesions progressed to CIN grade 3 (CIN3) or worse including 31 CIN3 cases, one adenocarcinoma in situ and one cervical cancer case. Factors associated with progression were initial large (>50% of the transformation zone) lesion size, risk ratio (RR) 3.06 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.40–6.69), and high‐grade referral cytology RR 4.73 (95% CI 1.18–19.03). Compared with baseline HPV negativity or having only low‐risk HPV genotypes present, high‐risk HPV (hrHPV) positivity was associated with lower likelihood of regression RR 0.74 (95% CI 0.60–0.91). Age, cigarette smoking, use of combined oral contraceptives or baseline high‐risk HPV genotype, including HPV16, were not associated with the outcomes.ConclusionsThe majority of CIN2 lesions regress in young women. Women with large lesions and/or high‐grade referral cytology should perhaps more often be treated instead of active surveillance. Initial hrHPV genotype does not appear to predict outcomes while not harboring hrHPV favors regression.
Comparison of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Initiation in Cardiogenic Shock During Work‐Hours Versus After‐Hours
Authors: Li Chenglong , Wang Xiaomeng , Du Zhongtao , Lu Andong , Lyv Liwen , Zhang Sheng , Liu Jianling , Liu Yan , Zuo Liuer , Huang Yue , Li Binfei , Chang Ping , Yang Yi , Liu Jianhua , Huang Man , Xie Haixiu , Wang Liangshan , Yang Feng , Wang Hong , Hou Xiaotong ,   Chinese Society of Extracorporeal Life Support (CSECLS)
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundExtracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) as rescue therapy for cardiogenic shock (CS) is highly dependent on timeliness and medical resources.ObjectivesAimed to assess ECMO management and outcomes in adult patients with CS in terms of on‐ and after‐hour ECMO initiation from a national ECMO registry.MethodsAdult patients diagnosed with CS and those who received ECMO were enrolled in the study. The population was divided into the work‐hours and the after‐hours group based on the time of ECMO initiation. In‐hospital mortality and ECMO management were compared between them. Electronic data in this research were provided by Chinese Society of Extracorporeal Life Support.ResultsIn a cohort of 1862 patients, 552 (29.6%) received ECMO during work‐hours, whereas 1310 (70.4%) received ECMO during after‐hours. After‐hour ECMO had more patients with elective cardiac procedures (35.1% vs. 26.3%, p < 0.001) and higher severity (p < 0.001), with more patients with Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions shock stage D (29.6% vs. 24.5), E (60.0% vs. 51.8%), and fewer B (3.6% vs. 13.2%) and C (6.8% vs. 10.5%). A high proportion underwent intra‐aortic balloon pump (IABP) implantation before ECMO (28.4% vs. 23.0%, p = 0.016) and mechanical ventilation (92.1% vs. 87.0%, p < 0.001) during after‐hours. The in‐hospital mortality in patients with after‐hour ECMO initiation was higher than that in patients with work‐hour ECMO initiation (51.8% vs. 45.3%, p = 0.011).ConclusionIn this cohort, 70% were initiated during after‐hours and showed higher in‐hospital mortality than patients with work‐hour ECMO initiation. After‐hour ECMO initiation should be a concern for ECMO programs.
A distal convoluted tubule‐specific isoform of murine SLC41A3 extrudes magnesium
Authors: Franken Gijs A. C. , Bosman Willem , Jung Hyun Jun , Bos Caro , Latta Femke , Knepper Mark , Hoenderop Joost G. J. , de Baaij Jeroen H. F. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundThe distal convoluted tubule (DCT) plays an indispensable role in magnesium (Mg2+) reabsorption in the kidney. Yet, the extrusion mechanism of Mg2+ has not been identified. The solute carrier 41A3 (SLC41A3) has been suggested to be involved in Mg2+ extrusion, but this has never been conclusively demonstrated.MethodsUsing available RNA‐sequencing data and real‐time quantitative PCR, expression of two alternative Slc41a3 transcripts, encoding isoform (Iso) 1 or 2, were assessed in kidney and isolated DCT tubules. HEK293 or HAP1 cells were transfected with plasmids expressing either of the isoforms, followed by 25Mg2+ transport studies. Identification of cis‐regulatory elements (CRE) was achieved by combining data from publicly available ATAC sequencing data and luciferase assays.ResultsGene expression studies revealed a distinct transcript of Slc41a3 in the DCT with an alternative promoter, leading to a protein with a unique N‐terminus; SLC41A3‐Iso 2. HEK293 cells overexpressing SLC41A3‐Iso 2, but not ‐Iso 1, exhibited 2.7‐fold and 1.6‐fold higher 25Mg2+ uptake and extrusion, compared to mock, respectively. The transport was independent of Na+, of the Mg2+ channel TRPM7 or of transporters CNNM3 and ‐4. We identified a CRE accessible in the DCT, ±2.8kb upstream of the transcript. The presence of the CRE increased the Slc41a3‐Iso 2 promoter activity 3.8‐fold following luciferase assays, indicating the CRE contains an enhancer function.ConclusionIn conclusion, we identified two alternative transcripts of Slc41a3 in mouse. Slc41a3‐Iso 2 is enriched within the DCT using specific gene regulatory elements. We speculate that specifically in the DCT, SLC41A3‐Iso 2 orchestrates Mg2+ extrusion.
Positive changes in daily life? A meta‐analysis of positive psychological ecological momentary interventions
Authors: Tomczyk Samuel , Ewert Christina 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPositive psychological interventions (PPI) hold promise for boosting well‐being and quality of life in diverse populations, but not much is known about their efficacy as ecological momentary interventions (EMIs, e.g. via mobile applications) in daily life. This meta‐analysis uses random‐effects models to examine the efficacy of PPI‐EMIs compared to control groups (active or passive) and exploring study region, age, gender, and risk of bias as moderators. Overall, 16 studies were included (N = 3397, 69.1% female, Mage = 21.87, SD = 13.02). We observed clinically significant effects in favor of the intervention for positive affect at posttest (k = 6; g = 0.29; p = 0.05) and well‐being at follow‐up (k = 5; g = 0.21; p = 0.13). No significant moderator effects were found. The number of studies was small for each outcome, risk of bias was mixed, and heterogeneity of effects was moderate to high for most outcomes.
Does concurrent validity really estimate predictive validity in psychological testing? Two local studies
Authors: Fine Saul 
Published: February 2025

AbstractConcurrent validity designs are used widely in applied psychology as proxy estimates of predictive validity in operational settings, although few primary (local) studies have investigated the generalizability of concurrent validity coefficients empirically. The present study compared the same assessment tool and performance criterion between incumbent and applicant consumer samples from two large financial institutions (N = 2942 and N = 2880), without the common issue of range restriction in the applicant groups. The results found no significant differences in the observed validity coefficients between the groups, despite evidence of impression management in the applicant samples. In addition, range restriction corrections in the concurrent samples would have likely overestimated the predictive validities. Practical implications are briefly discussed.
Direct observation of fluorescent proteins in gels: A rapid, cost‐efficient, and quantitative alternative to immunoblotting
Authors: Sanial Matthieu , Miled Ryan , Alves Marine , Claret Sandra , Joly Nicolas , Proux‐Gillardeaux Véronique , Plessis Anne , Léon Sébastien 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackground InformationThe discovery of green fluorescent protein (GFP) and its derivatives has revolutionized cell biology. These fluorescent proteins (FPs) have enabled the real‐time observation of protein localization and dynamics within live cells. Applications of FP vary from monitoring gene/protein expression patterns, visualizing protein‐protein interactions, measuring protein stability, assessing protein mobility, and creating biosensors. The utility of FPs also extends to biochemical approaches through immunoblotting and proteomic analyses, aided by anti‐FP antibodies and nanobodies. FPs are notoriously robust proteins with a tightly folded domain that confers a strong stability and a relative resistance to degradation and denaturation.Methods and ResultsIn this study, we report that various green, orange, and red FPs can be maintained in a native, fluorescent state during the entire process of protein sample extraction, incubation with sample buffer, loading, and migration on SDS‐PAGE (sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) with only minor adaptations of traditional protocols. This protocol results in the ability to detect and quantify in‐gel fluorescence (IGF) of endogenously‐expressed proteins tagged with FPs directly after migration, using standard fluorescence‐imaging devices. This approach eliminates the need for antibodies and chemiluminescent reagents, as well as the time‐consuming steps inherent in immunoblotting such as transfer onto a membrane and antibody incubations.Conclusions and SignificanceOverall, IGF detection provides clearer data with less background interference, a sensitivity comparable to or better than antibody‐based detection, a better quantification, and a broader dynamic range. After fluorescence imaging, gels can still be used for other applications such as total protein staining or immunoblotting if needed. It also expands possibilities by allowing the detection of FPs for which antibodies are not available. Our study explores the feasibility, limitations, and applications of IGF for detecting endogenously expressed proteins in cell extracts, providing insights into sample preparation, imaging conditions, and sensitivity optimizations, and potential applications such as co‐immunoprecipitation experiments.
Abnormal Vessels Potentially Accelerate Glioblastoma Proliferation by Inducing the Protumor Activation of Macrophages
Authors: Matsuzaki Hiroaki , Kai Keitaro , Komohara Yoshihiro , Yano Hiromu , Pan Cheng , Fujiwara Yukio , Yamada Rin , Iwauchi Ai , Fukasawa Nei , Tanaka Toshihide , Shimoda Masayuki , Watanabe Hiroshi , Maruyama Toru , Takeo Toru , Mikami Yoshiki , Mukasa Akitake 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTGlioblastoma (GBM) involves disruptions in the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and alterations in the immune microenvironment, including the activation of glioma‐associated macrophages (GAMs). Vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors, commonly used in recurrent GBM treatment, can influence these processes. This study investigates the relationship between BBB disruption and GAM activation, focusing on plasmalemma vesicle‐associated protein (PLVAP), a marker of BBB disruption, and α1‐acid glycoprotein (AGP), an inflammatory protein implicated in tumor progression. PLVAP expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in human GBM samples to determine correlations with tumor grade, proliferation, and GAM activation. Pre‐ and post‐bevacizumab treatment GBM samples were compared to assess changes in BBB integrity and macrophage activity. AGP's role in GAM activation was studied through in vitro assays and glioma implantation in AGP knockout mice, with assessments of tumor growth and angiogenesis. Results showed elevated PLVAP expression in higher‐grade gliomas, correlating with increased tumor proliferation and GAM activation, particularly around PLVAP‐positive vessels. Bevacizumab treatment reduced PLVAP expression and macrophage activity. AGP localized to regions of BBB disruption, promoting macrophage‐mediated tumor growth in vitro. AGP knockout mice demonstrated reduced angiogenesis and prolonged survival. Spatial analysis revealed increased expression of macrophage‐inducing molecules near PLVAP‐positive vessels. These findings suggest PLVAP as a marker of BBB disruption and glioma malignancy. AGP, associated with BBB leakage, contributes to GAM activation and tumor progression, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target for GBM.
Potential Modulatory Effects of Hesperidin on the JAK/STAT Pathway in Mesangial Proliferative Glomerulonephritis
Authors: Tang Yingchun , Zhang Jing , Wang Zhengxiang , Dong Xiongjun 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTMesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MsPGN) is a common type of glomerular disease characterized by immune complex deposition and inflammation in the kidney, leading to renal dysfunction. Currently, treatment options for MsPGN are limited, and there is a need for effective therapeutic interventions. Hesperidin (HSP), a natural flavonoid glycoside, has shown promising anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant properties in various disease models. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of HSP for MsPGN and explore its possible mechanism of action. A male Wistar rat model of MsPGN was established via tail vein injection of Thy‐1 monoclonal antibody, and the rats were divided into four groups: Control, MsPGN, MsPGN + HSP, and MsPGN + Prednisone. After 7 days of intervention, the therapeutic effects of HSP were evaluated through biochemical and histological analyses. Our results demonstrated that HSP treatment significantly reduced the levels of blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, total cholesterol, and triglycerides, and improved renal pathology. Additionally, pro‐inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor‐α, interleukin‐1β, interleukin‐2, and monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1, were markedly decreased. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed reduced levels of immunoglobulin G and C5b‐9, along with decreased immune complex deposition in the kidneys. Furthermore, HSP downregulated the phosphorylation levels of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), suggesting modulation of the JAK/STAT pathway. In conclusion, HSP might effectively alleviate renal injury, reduce renal inflammatory response, and inhibit renal immune complex deposition, potentially through the suppression of the JAK/STAT pathway.
Progress in Translating Glaucoma Genetics Into the Clinic: A Review
Authors: Kolovos Antonia , Maxwell Giorgina , Souzeau Emmanuelle , Craig Jamie E. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTPrecision medicine is paving the way for personalised risk assessment, and its translation into glaucoma clinics holds potential to change current management paradigms. Our understanding of glaucoma's genetic architecture has expanded in recent years, recognising both monogenic and polygenic contributions. Genetic testing within glaucoma populations can provide additional information for clinicians to support decision‐making. Here, we review the evidence base for genetic variants strongly associated with glaucoma and outline a vision for translating these learnings into the clinic. Integrating clinical and genetic information will provide clinicians and patients with the strongest evidence to deliver personalised glaucoma management.
Vitamin‐D Insufficiency Leads to Interleukin‐10 Reduction in Peri‐Implant Tissues: A Case–Control Study
Authors: Toy Vesile Elif , Sabanci Arife , Dündar Muhammed , Dişli Faruk , Yildiz Sedat , Aral Kübra 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesVitamin D has been reported to be crucial for bone mineralization and to play a significant role in immune and inflammatory responses. Its deficiency has been stated to be highly prevalent and might alter osseointegration of dental implants. Successful osseointegration has been claimed to be a critical aspect of implant survival and the effects of vitamin D on implant osseointegration have not been well documented. This study aimed to evaluate bone markers and cytokine levels of patients with or without vitamin D insufficiency.Material and MethodsA total of 42 patients were included and divided into two groups: vitamin D insufficient (Group IN‐S; n = 21) and vitamin D sufficient (Group S; n = 21). Besides clinical periodontal parameters and implant stability measurements, the levels of RANKL, OPG, osteocalcin (OC), calcium (Ca), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α), IL‐1β, caspase‐1 (CASP1), and IL‐10 in bone biopsy from implant preparation sockets and peri‐implant crevicular fluid (PICF) were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results were represented as concentration and total amount.ResultsPICF RANKL levels (both concentration and total amount) were higher in patients with Vitamin D insufficiency compared to sufficient controls (p < 0.05). Concentration and total amount of IL‐10 were significantly lower in vitamin D insufficient participants than those of vitamin D sufficient group (p < 0.05). No differences were detected between the groups in terms of other parameters. Bone levels of all evaluated parameters also did not differ between the groups (p > 0.05).ConclusionIt may be concluded that a low serum level of vitamin D may affect peri‐implant health through altering IL‐10 and RANKL.
Efficacy of Cleaning Methods for the Trans‐Mucosal Parts of Zirconia Monolithic Crowns
Authors: Roth Deborah , Despontin François , Compere Philippe , Lamy Marc , Hede Dorien V. A. N. , Lambert France 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundDental crowns have surface pollutants after their manufacturing. We know that these pollutants can be a source of peri‐implant inflammation for some cases. This study aimed to compare two dental crowns cleaning methods that are simple and quick to apply in the dental lab.ObjectivesTo characterize qualitatively and quantitatively the pollution of transmucosal parts of zirconia monolithic crowns after supra‐mucosal glazing in the lab and to compare the efficacy of steam versus ultrasonic cleaning protocols.Material and MethodsEighteen customized zirconia monolithic crowns were divided into two groups of 9 crowns receiving a different cleaning protocol. The first group was treated with steam cleaning, whereas the second group was initially rubbed with a sterile compress soaked in a detergent and then cleaned in three successive ultrasonic baths containing a detergent, sterile water, and 70% ethanol. The presence and nature of the contaminants were investigated by BSE‐SEM and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy microanalysis.ResultsOrganic (e.g., paint, sweat) and inorganic (e.g., zirconia fragments, silica, and metals) were identified on the surface of the zirconia crown before the cleaning treatments. At baseline, pollutants cover 0.51% ± 0.26% of the total area. This percentage dropped, respectively, to 0.02% ± 0.03% after steam cleaning (p < 0.0001) and to 0.02% ± 0.01 after the ultrasonic cleaning protocol (p = 0.0026). No difference was observed between the two decontamination techniques (p > 0.9999), but the variance in the steam group was higher compared to the ultrasound group (p = 0.0042).ConclusionsBoth protocols allowed the cleaning of the transmucosal parts of the zirconia crowns to an extent of 99.98% of the studied surface. However, the ultrasound technique displayed less variability in the removal of residual pollutants and therefore should be preferred.
Current surgical practices and attitudes toward pilonidal sinus disease among Russian surgeons: A national survey
Authors: Shlyk Darya , Balaban Vladimir , He Mingze , Pikuza Maria , Tsarkov Petr 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAimPilonidal sinus disease (PSD), also known as pilonidal disease, is a common chronic disorder in coloproctology and general surgery. It predominantly affects young male patients and is typically located in the sacrococcygeal region. Nowadays, various approaches are used to address this condition, but no consensus on a gold standard has been established. The aim of this study was to analyse and assess current PSD practice, diagnostic and surgical approaches, training and attitudes among Russian surgeons.MethodA comprehensive online survey comprising 35 structured questions was developed by the Russian Society of Colorectal Surgeons and distributed to its members. The survey targeted colorectal and general surgeons and collected data on demographics, professional experience, surgical training, PSD management practices and both elective and abscess surgery techniques. Categorical data are reported as frequencies and percentages.ResultsOf the 158 respondents, the vast majority were coloproctologists and general surgeons (n = 152, 96%) with over 10 years of experience (n = 110, 69.6%) and performing 10–50 operations per year. The most popular surgical procedures were excision with midline closure (68%), open healing (62%) and marsupialization (59%). PSD‐associated abscesses were managed through incision and drainage by 81 surgeons (51%). About half of surgeons had access to laser therapy for treating PSD, but sinus laser‐assisted closure was used by only 16%. Most surgeons had received training in PSD surgery under specialist supervision and felt sufficiently trained.ConclusionOur findings suggest that PSD surgery in Russia has not yet shifted from midline excisions to off‐midline flap procedures and minimally invasive surgery. This study calls for attention to this underprioritized group of patients and underscores the importance of developing national guidelines in Russia.
Preferences for treatment outcomes in rectal cancer: A discrete choice experiment among patients and healthy volunteers
Authors: Miles Anne , Steele Robert James Campbell , Hutton Gemma , Morris Stephen 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAimTreatment for rectal cancer can leave patients with a permanent stoma or bowel dysfunction. In this work we aimed to examine preferences for treatment outcomes among people with and without rectal cancer.MethodOur discrete choice experiment examined the effect of risk of cancer recurrence, presence of a stoma and bowel dysfunction on treatment preferences in 372 rectal cancer patients without a stoma, 269 with a stoma and 204 people without cancer.ResultsPredictors of treatment preferences differed significantly between all groups (p < 0.0001). Avoiding a stoma was more important to stoma‐naïve groups, while avoiding bowel dysfunction was more important to those with superior function. Reducing the risk of recurrence was valued highly, and equally, across the groups.ConclusionExperience of a stoma or bowel dysfunction resulted in higher tolerance of those treatment outcomes. Hearing from patients living with different treatment outcomes could help prepare newly diagnosed patients, and facilitate informed decision‐making where patients have a choice.