bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interpersonal Psychotherapy in New Zealand
Authors: Luty Sue , Nolan Dawn 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
EThis chapter discusses interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) in New Zealand. New Zealand has both private and publicly funded health services, with the majority of healthcare accessed through the public sector. The Health and Disability Commission NZ (HDCNZ) reported that 1 in 5 New Zealanders experience mental health issues, increasing to almost 1 in 3 for Maori, with the most prevalent disorders being mood disorders, anxiety, mental distress, eating disorders, addictions, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and schizophrenia. This means there is an ever-increasing need to provide effective and efficient mental health services, including evidenced-based talking therapies. IPT research and training initially developed at the Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, in the South Island of New Zealand under the leadership of Professor Peter Joyce in the mid-1990s after Professor Chris Fairburn ran a training workshop. Since then, there have been a number of successful studies that have used IPT and adaptations of IPT and interpersonal social rhythm therapy (IPSRT) to inform clinical practice. The chapter then considers a cultural adaptation of IPT for Māori, the indigenous culture of New Zealand.
A Disciple’s Commentary
Authors: Nadler Steven 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In addition to providing illustrations for the Traité de l’homme, La Forge also composed an extensive and scientifically informed commentary on the work. This chapter examines the way that La Forge in his commentary defends, expands upon, updates, supplements, and even corrects Descartes, showing himself to be a faithful but not uncritical disciple working on behalf of the success of Cartesian philosophy.
The Pivots before the Pivot
Authors: Blackwill Robert D. , Fontaine Richard 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines the Pivot’s antecedents and details the ways in which the Bill Clinton and George W. Bush administrations viewed Asia’s relative importance in US foreign policy. Competing priorities—notably the post-9/11 wars in Iraq and Afghanistan—consumed much of the available defense and diplomatic resources. But Asia was not wholly neglected: The 1995 United States Security Strategy for the East Asia-Pacific Region, for example, made the case for a continued American military presence in Asia, and the Bush administration deepened ties with countries like Japan. This chapter concludes that, while the two administrations focused largely on issues and events in other regions, some of their actions in Asia were consistent with the Pivot’s logic and set the stage for the Obama administration’s formal announcement.
Turning on China
Authors: Blackwill Robert D. , Fontaine Richard 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter details the Pivot during the Trump administration and shows how it integrated a focus on Asia with an explicit policy of major power competition. It also identifies policies pursued by the president that undermined the effort, including his rejection of alliances, international institutions, and multilateral initiatives—notably, the Trans-Pacific Partnership. Two parallel tracks formed the administration’s Asia policy: one in which the president focused on trade issues and personal relationships, and the other in which senior officials attempted to strengthen America’s military presence in the Indo-Pacific and resist the expansion of Chinese influence. The administration fundamentally reframed relations with the PRC as rooted in competition rather than cooperation and sought closer relations with Indo-Pacific nations to balance growing Chinese power.
America Is Going Home
Authors: Blackwill Robert D. , Fontaine Richard 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines how Middle East nations came to believe that the United States was determined to reduce its commitment to the region, despite the fact that American resources to the area remained essentially undiminished. As the 2010s progressed, states in the Middle East employed hedging strategies as they sought to reduce their dependence on the United States. As Washington pursues a strategic reorientation to Asia, perceptions of the American commitment in the Middle East will turn more on US activity and performance rather than simply its military presence.
Competition and Cooperation
Authors: Blackwill Robert D. , Fontaine Richard 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter analyzes the transnational aspects of the Pivot and America’s global approach to China. Transnational issues, including climate change, global health, counterterrorism, human rights, and democratic values have played a key role in the formulation of policies toward and relationships with the Indo-Pacific. The United States has also sought to build out and participate in the regional architecture of Asia through multilateral gatherings and initiatives such as ASEAN and AUKUS. Though no single coherent strategy has addressed the multitude of transnational issues, they remain ever-present in America’s Indo-Pacific agenda. Efforts to address them have been stymied over the past decade as hopes of US-China cooperation have faded in the face of strategic rivalry.
Objectivity and values in research
Authors: Jaspers Jürgen 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The final chapter of this book suggests that, while it is important to recognize the sociality and interestedness of research, it is necessary to offset the frequent idea that objective knowledge is an unachievable goal. This idea may not just deprive desirable social causes of the credible knowledge that they require to pursue their claims. It may also encourage a conflation of political and epistemological agendas, which the chapter presents as harmful for public debate and science itself. The chapter equally argues that the more it is assumed that language-in-education research must be socially transformative, the more this may overshadow knowledge-focused types of research or dismiss such research as serving the status quo. It will be proposed that, in a research field that frequently highlights teachers’ unreasonableness, interpretive research may be crucial for expanding an understanding of, and empathy for, what teachers do.
An Individual Theory of Parliamentary Brawls
Authors: Batto Nathan F. , Beaulieu Emily 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter offers a theory to explain why legislators brawl, incorporating insights from literatures not generally associated with legislative behavior, including signaling theory, typically employed in international relations, and the logic of contentious politics from the social movements and nonviolent protest literature. The authors argue that individual legislators engage in brawling to signal a level of commitment that will differentiate them from other legislators, and they often take advantage of opposition disruption in the legislature to do so. Further, although brawling is a behavior that takes place inside legislative institutions, the authors’ theory explicitly considers the broader institutional context in which legislators are embedded. In particular, they argue that the strength of political parties will shape the specific audience that brawlers are targeting with their signal. Finally, the authors identify a small subset of brawls that occur outside of instances of opposition disruption and revolve around questions of honor.
The Fundamental Voter
Authors: Aldrich John H. , Bae Suhyen , Sanders Bailey K. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This book asks three questions. How have American national elections changed in the last seventy years? Why have they changed as they did? What are the consequences of these changes for democracy in America? Chapter 1 shows that elections up through 1984 differed dramatically from those after 1984. Landslide presidential elections were once common, but over the last forty years they have converged to become increasingly closely contended elections. Congressional elections become ever more incumbent centered before 1984 and decreasingly so afterward. These changes reflect the changing nature of fundamental forces that shape the public’s electoral opinions and voting behavior. From a single such fundamental, partisan identification, 70 years ago, the electorate now rests on five such fundamentals: partisanship, ideology, issues, racial attitudes, and economic evaluations. Since 1984 each has grown increasingly important in orienting the voter to elections, and they have become more closely aligned, such that the public, by 2020, was aligned in one of two camps based on all five fundamentals. Also since 1984, not only have these two become not just separate camps that disagree over the substance and increasingly the emotions associated with electoral politics; the division is best understood as a broad and deep cleavage. The result is that the number of crosscutting interests that made majorities hard to maintain have been replaced by a cleavage that threatens to undermine the stability of democratic institutions in the United States.
Hindu Nationalism in the Indian Diaspora
Authors: Anderson Edward T.G. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Hindu nationalism is transforming India, as an increasingly dominant ideology and political force. But it is also a global phenomenon, with sections of India’s vast diaspora drawn to, or actively supporting, right-wing Hindu nationalism. Indians overseas can be seen as an important, even inextricable, aspect of the movement. This is not a new dynamic--diasporic Hindutva (“Hindu-ness”) has grown over many decades. This book explores how and why the movement became popular among India’s diaspora from the second half of the twentieth century. It shows that Hindutva ideology, and its plethora of organisations, have a distinctive resonance and way of operating overseas; the movement and its ideas perform significant, particular functions for diaspora communities. With a focus on Britain, the book argues that transnational Hindutva cannot simply be viewed as an export: this phenomenon has evolved and been shaped into an important aspect of diasporic identity, a way for people to connect with their homeland. It also sheds light on the impact of conservative Indian politics on British multiculturalism, migrant politics and relations between various minoritised communities. To fully understand the Hindutva movement in India and identity politics in Britain, we must look at where the two come together.
Transnational Hindutva Networks
Authors: Anderson Edward T.G. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter argues that the Indian Emergency (1975–7), one of the most notorious and politically significant episodes in India’s democratic history, was not simply a national, but a global moment. It must be understood as a turning point in the relationship between India and its diaspora, and instrumental for transnational Hindutva networks. During this period, Hindu nationalist actors and transnational networks made Indian politics less parochial, de-territorializing it in new ways. Indira Gandhi’s government postponed elections, censored the press, and incarcerated more than 100,000 political prisoners. With their Indian counterparts banned and imprisoned, Hindu nationalists overseas were involved in an international anti-Emergency struggle. The diaspora circulated literature, and attempted to influence the press, politicians, and wider public in their countries of residence. This incensed the Indian government. The period had a lasting impact on the Hindu nationalist movement. The memorialization of the Emergency is significant to the Hindu nationalist movement. But this often exaggerates their role in resisting the Emergency and elides the more dynamic, transnational opposition played by others, particularly on the left. The Emergency requires us to reconsider existing understandings of diasporic and transnational citizenship, and re-evaluate received wisdom about the Indian state’s political engagement with the diaspora.
“Les Mando Saludos”
Authors: Arnold Lynnette 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores cross-border video greetings, asking why they are only sent to migrants and not vice versa. Why are children in El Salvador—but not their counterparts in the United States—socialized to send such greetings? Transnational families understand greetings as care through which nonmigrants reciprocate the economic care migrants provide. Greetings sustain existing care circuits, enacting an imaginary in which asymmetrical reciprocity is the foundation for social life. Through uneven socialization, transnational families envision cross-border life as enduring across generations through the continual migration of individuals raised in El Salvador and socialized as children to transnational family life. Thus, greetings bring political economic inequities between Global North and South into family care even as they resist capitalist normativity by envisioning family relations as the foundation of social life and economic exchange.
Closer than Ever
Authors: Rosenblum Joshua 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Lyricist Richard Maltby, Jr. and composer David Shire, two of the most gifted songwriters of our time, are revered among musical theater lovers for their groundbreaking off-Broadway revues Starting Here, Starting Now and Closer Than Ever, as well as for the Broadway musicals Baby and Big. Yet relatively little has been written about them and their work. This book sets out to increase appreciation for Maltby and Shire’s large and impressive body of work and establish their place in musical theater history. The book chronicles their six-decade partnership, giving full behind-the-scenes accounts of their musicals, interspersed with illuminating analyses of standout individual numbers. The two songwriters, engaging and articulate, are quoted liberally throughout the book in exclusive interviews. Additionally, the book covers other well-known artistic figures who feature prominently in the Maltby/Shire story, including Stephen Sondheim, Harold Prince, Francis Ford Coppola, Craig Lucas, Mike Ockrent, Susan Stroman, John Weidman, Charles Strouse, Adam Gopnik, Jason Robert Brown, and Jonathan Tunick. Attention is also given to Shire’s separate career as an Oscar- and Grammy-winning film and TV composer and Maltby’s as a Tony Award–winning director. Finally, the book explores the very nature of artistic collaboration: how songs actually get written and what enables some partnerships to last for decades. Written for a wide range of readers, the book has a broad appeal that will extend from Maltby/Shire devotees to anyone interested in the creative process and Broadway musicals in general.
How Bad Could I Be?
Authors: Rosenblum Joshua 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Love Match fizzles out of town, and an initially promising project with director Harold Prince disappointingly falls through. In LA, Shire begins to explore the world of scoring for film and television with the help of his friend and fellow composer Billy Goldenberg. Maltby goes into therapy and concludes that what he needs is to become a director as well as a writer. Figuring that he can’t be any worse than some of the directors he’s worked with, he proceeds to create an on-the-job directing program for himself. An early directing project was Eugene O’Neill’s Long Day’s Journey into Night at Philadelphia’s Walnut Street Theatre starring Geraldine Fitzgerald. The theater’s artistic director, Jim Freydberg, would later serve as producer on both of Maltby and Shire’s Broadway musicals, Baby and Big. After learning some basic truisms, Maltby becomes a remarkably successful director.
Big
Authors: Rosenblum Joshua 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter gives an overview of selected songs from Big, with an emphasis on the wide diversity of musical styles employed by Shire—unusual for a Broadway show—to tell all aspects of the story. Brief analyses of key numbers, including “I Want to Know,” “Let’s Not Move Too Fast,” and “Stop, Time,” a standout number for Broadway veteran Barbara Walsh, are given. Choreographer Susan Stroman’s real-life memories were the inspiration for the song “Dancing All the Time.” The chapter specifies which numbers were cut prior to Broadway and then restored for the national tour, offering insight into why the revised version of the show, which was also produced in the United Kingdom and is now licensed for regional and stock performances, had a much better critical reception than the Broadway version.
“Little Susan Lawrence”
Authors: Rosenblum Joshua 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter provides a close analysis of the song “Little Susan Lawrence,” plus an interview with the writers about it. The number was cut from Big over the authors’ objections during the pre-Broadway tryout, and it was restored for the US tour and UK productions. This number, in Shire’s view, was the greatest casualty of the original rehearsal process, and its absence, he maintains, prevented the audience from developing any empathy toward the main character’s love interest. The analysis reveals how the number, once restored to the show, fulfills a crucial dramatic function with both its music and its lyrics. Librettist John Weidman says the choice of whether or not to include the song continued to be problematic in subsequent productions.
Produced by a Convicted Felon
Authors: Rosenblum Joshua 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter relates the story behind Sousatzka, another Maltby/Shire musical that has been orbiting New York but hasn’t yet landed. Sousatzka, with a libretto by Craig Lucas, is an adaption of the novel Madame Sousatzka by Bernice Rubens (also the source material for the 1988 movie of the same name starring Shirley MacLaine). The musical was the brainchild of producer Garth Drabinsky, his first project after he completed his seventeen-month prison term. Sousatzka’s Toronto production received mixed reviews, but Drabinsky remained determined to bring it to Broadway. After the failure in 2022 of Paradise Square, another Drabinsky-produced Broadway musical, the future prospects for Sousatzka are dim. The Toronto production featured Tony winner Victoria Clark in the title role, orchestrations by Jonathan Tunick (with whom Drabinsky had an infamous falling-out), and additional arrangements by South African composer Lebo M, who also contributed arrangements to The Lion King (movie and musical).
America Will Break Your Heart
Authors: Rosenblum Joshua 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter is a chronicle of Waterfall, a long-gestating Maltby/Shire musical that has a Thai novel as its source material and whose score demonstrates Shire’s skill at incorporating non-Western musical elements, such as Japanese pentatonic scales, into an American musical. The show has had New York workshops, as well as productions in Pasadena and Seattle. One of Maltby and Shire’s most emotionally wide-ranging, viscerally powerful works, Waterfall had an elaborate tryout in Bangkok in September 2023 in hopes of raising necessary funding for a Broadway production. A video recording of the Bangkok production was screened in New York a month later.
The Songwriters’ Songwriters
Authors: Rosenblum Joshua 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Maltby and Shire are now both in their eighties, and their collaboration, which began in 1957, is still going strong after sixty-seven years (as of 2024). This chapter begins with some views on the Maltby/Shire oeuvre from industry heavyweights, including The New Yorker writer and occasional Shire collaborator Adam Gopnik, Broadway conductors Kevin Stites and Joel Fram, and orchestrator Jonathan Tunick, who considers Shire the George Gershwin of his generation. This is followed by investigations of their current projects: an adaptation of The Country Wife (based on William Wycherley’s Restoration comedy), Shire’s autumnal choral/orchestral work Peace Cantata, and the continuing development of what was once referred to as Revue #3 but is now titled About Time, a companion piece to Starting Here, Starting Now and Closer Than Ever. The chapter concludes with the author’s perspective on Maltby and Shire’s legacy and their place in the musical theater canon.
Bottom-Up Reform in Chile
Authors: Schneider Ben Ross 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Reforms in Chile followed the rare electoral route. Massive student demonstrations especially after 2011, prompted the center-left coalition of Michele Bachelet to adopt education as the top campaign priority. Once elected, her government moved quickly to implement a range of reforms including a make-over of teacher careers. Civil society and the teacher union were also important in shaping the reform. Ecuador suffered a different education crisis, but by 2006, national elections focused on a referendum for reform, thoroughly endorsed by the winning presidential candidate, Rafael Correa. The Correa government proceeded to implement thorough career reforms, but without input from civil society and especially the teacher union which the government destroyed. Reforms to teacher careers in Peru and Colombia were more gradual, partial, and technocratic without electoral salience or engagement by civil society. Mexico, the state of Rio de Janeiro, and South Africa were cases with ambitious reforms—also without electoral or civil-society support—that subsequent governments with union support overturned.
Conclusions
Authors: Schneider Ben Ross 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
There is no single best route to reforming teacher careers. The best route depends on the country context and the relative importance of teacher unions, clientelist politicians, civil society, policy networks, and technocrats. Career reform in education is comparable to other large-scale efforts to reform bureaucracies. Hybrid organizations like teacher unions require careful analysis of internal dynamics. Worldwide development and labor-market opportunities are evolving rapidly. Still, quality education remains the best route to equitable and sustained development.
American Aurora
Authors: Grieve-Carlson Timothy 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
American Aurora explores the impact of climate change on early modern radical religious groups during the height of the Little Ice Age in the seventeenth century. Hermetic, alchemical, and esoteric texts became crucial sources of religious meaning and perspective among radical Protestants during this period as they struggled to understand their changing climate and a cosmos that seemed to be declaring its own decline. In particular, American Aurora focuses on the life and legacy of Johannes Kelpius (1667–1707), an enormously influential but comprehensively misunderstood theologian who settled outside of Philadelphia from 1694 to 1707. American Aurora explores the Hermetic and alchemical dimensions of Kelpius’s Christianity before turning to his legacy in American religion and literature. This includes original translations of Kelpius’s university writings—which have never before been translated into English—along with other important sources from the period in German and Latin. By the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, Kelpius’s legacy began to warp under the scrutiny of both Enlightenment historians and antiquarian authors, entangling him in the legacies of nineteenth century Rosicrucianism and the occult revival. American Aurora points toward a time and place when climate change caused an eruption of esoteric thought and practice—and how this moment has been largely forgotten.