bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modulation of Substrate–Membrane Interactions by Linear Poly(2‐methyl‐2‐oxazoline) Spacers Revealed by X‐ray Reflectivity and Ellipsometry
Authors: Seitz Peter C. , Reif Michael D. , Konovalov Oleg V. , Jordan Rainer , Tanaka Motomu 
Published: October 2009

AbstractHydrated polymer interlayers between planar lipid membranes and solid substrates provide a water reservoir and thus maintain a finite membrane–substrate distance. Linear polymer spacers attached to lipid head groups (lipopolymer tethers) can be used as a defined model of oligo‐ and polysaccharides covalently anchored on cell surfaces (glycocalyx). They can offer a unique advantage over membranes physisorbed on polymer films (called polymer‐cushioned membranes), owing to their ability to control both the length and density of polymer chains. In this study, a lipopolymer tether composed of a stable ether lipid moiety and a hydrophilic poly(2‐methyl‐2‐oxazoline) spacer with a length of 60 monomer units is used to fabricate supported membranes by the successive deposition of proximal (lower) and distal (upper) leaflets. Using specular X‐ray reflectivity and ellipsometry, we systematically investigate how the lateral density of polymer chains influences the membrane–substrate interactions. The combination of two types of reflectivity techniques under various conditions enables the calculation of quantitative force–distance relationships. Such artificial membrane systems can be considered as a half‐model of cell–cell contacts mediated via the glycocalyx, which reveals the influence of polymer chain density on the interplay of interfacial forces at biological interfaces.
Environmental conflict resolution: Evaluating performance outcomes and contributing factors
Authors: Emerson Kirk , Orr Patricia J. , Keyes Dale L. , Mcknight Katherine M. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThis empirical study of fifty‐two environmental conflict resolution (ECR) processes is based on an evaluation framework that specifies key conditions and factors that contribute to ECR outcomes. Data were collected on a range of ECR processes and applications. This article reports on findings from a multilevel modeling analysis that focuses on three primary outcomes: reaching agreement, the quality of agreement, and improved working relationships among parties. Effective engagement of parties is identified as a major contributor to all three outcomes. Other key factors that operate directly and indirectly through effective engagement are involvement of appropriate parties, the skills and practices of ECR mediators and facilitators, and incorporation of relevant and high‐quality information. Findings generally support the ECR evaluation framework.
Photochemical Key Steps in the Synthesis of Surfactants from Furfural‐Derived Intermediates
Authors: Gassama Abdoulaye , Ernenwein Cédric , Hoffmann Norbert 
Published: October 2009

AbstractFurfural is oxidized to 2[5H]‐furanone by using hydrogen peroxide or to 5‐hydroxy‐2[5H]‐furanone by using photo‐oxygenation. An amine function is introduced by photochemically induced radical addition of tertiairy amines, some of which carry an n‐alkyl side chain as hydrophobic moiety. These amines are produced from fatty aldehydes and cyclic secondary amines. The resulting adducts are transformed into amphoteric surfactants possessing an ammonium and a carboxylate function. Amphoteric (pKN and isoelectric point) and surfactant properties such as the critical micelle concentration and the adsorption efficiency are determined.
Childhood risk factors in Korean women with anorexia nervosa: Two sets of case‐control studies with retrospective comparisons
Authors: Kim Youl‐Ri , Heo Si Young , Kang Heechan , Song Ki Jun , Treasure Janet 
Published: October 2009

AbstractObjective:The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of the risk factors for anorexia nervosa (AN) in Korean women.Method:Two sets of case–control comparisons were conducted, in which 52 women with lifetime AN from Seoul, S. Korea, were compared with 108 Korean healthy controls and also with 42 women with lifetime AN from the UK in terms of their childhood risk factors. A questionnaire designed to conduct a retrospective assessment of the childhood risk factors was administered to all participants.Results:The Korean AN women were more likely to report premorbid anxiety, perfectionism, and emotional undereating and were less likely to report having supportive figures in their childhood than the Korean healthy controls. There were no overall differences in the childhood risk factors between the Korean and British women with AN.Discussion:Premorbid anxiety, perfectionism, less social support, and emotional undereating merit attention as risk factors in Korean AN. The current results are informative, but an epidemiologically robust prospective case–control study would be needed to validate these findings. © 2009 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2010;)
Cost‐utility of treatment of bulimia nervosa
Authors: Pohjolainen Veera , Räsänen Pirjo , Roine Risto P. , Sintonen Harri , Wahlbeck Kristian , Karlsson Hasse 
Published: October 2009

AbstractObjective:The costs of treating eating disorders are high. Our objective was to perform a cost‐utility analysis of treatment of bulimia nervosa.Method:72 patients entering treatment of bulimia nervosa (ICD‐10 diagnosis) completed the 15D health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) questionnaire and the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI) before and 6 months after the start of treatment. Quality‐adjusted life years (QALYs) gained were calculated and cost‐utility was assessed within the time horizon of 10 years.Results:Baseline HRQoL was severely impaired in the patients. As a consequence of treatment, mean HRQoL improved clinically and statistically significantly. The cost per QALY gained varied from €1,455 to €16,481 (from €4,428 to €19,663 discounted at 5%) depending on the assumptions used in the analysis.Discussion:HRQoL of bulimia nervosa patients is severely impaired, but treatment has a clear positive effect on HRQoL. The cost per QALY gained is comparable to many other treatments. © 2009 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2010;)
A qualitative study of perceived social barriers to care for eating disorders: Perspectives from ethnically diverse health care consumers
Authors: Becker Anne E. , Hadley Arrindell Adrienne , Perloe Alexandra , Fay Kristen , Striegel‐Moore Ruth H. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractObjective:The study aim was to identify and describe health consumer perspectives on social barriers to care for eating disorders in an ethnically diverse sample.Method:We conducted an exploratory secondary analysis of qualitative data comprising transcripts from semi‐structured interviews with past and prospective consumers of eating disorder treatment (n = 32). Transcripts were inputted into NVivo 8 for coding, sorting, and quantifying thematic content of interest within strata defined by ethnic minority and non‐minority participants. We then examined the influence of key social barriers—including stigma and social stereotypes—on perceived impact on care.Results:The majority of respondents (78%) endorsed at least one social barrier to care for an eating or weight concern. Perceived stigma (or shame) and social stereotyping—identified both within social networks and among clinicians—had adversely impacted care for 59% and 19% of respondents, respectively.Discussion:Social barriers to care for eating and weight related concerns may be prevalent in the U.S. and impact both ethnic minority and non‐minority health care consumers. © 2009 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2010;)
Behavioral assessment of the reinforcing effect of exercise in women with anorexia nervosa: Further paradigm development and data
Authors: Klein Diane A. , Schebendach Janet E. , Gershkovich Marina , Bodell Lindsay P. , Foltin Richard W. , Walsh B. Timothy 
Published: October 2009

AbstractObjective:To use a Progressive Ratio (PR) computerized “work” paradigm to measure course and correlates of exercise motivation in in‐patients with Anorexia Nervosa (AN).Method:Sixteen inpatients with AN participated in a PR task assessing the relative reinforcing effect of two different increments of cash versus the opportunity to exercise for upto 30 min, twice; at low weight, and, for n = 10 participants, after weight restoration.Results:There was a trend toward a higher work for exercise with 2 versus 5 increments of cash as the alternative reinforcer. Exercise breakpoint did not differ between low and normal‐weight states. Exercise breakpoint at each time point was correlated with prehospitalization exercise “commitment” (Commitment to Exercise Scale, r = .613, p = .012 at T1; r = .634, p = .049 at T2).Discussion:Patients with AN will work at a PR task for access to even a small amount of exercise. Exercise motivation during hospitalization is correlated with prehospital exercise commitment and does not appear to change consistently with weight restoration. © 2009 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2010;)
Dysregulated eating behaviors in borderline personality disorder: Are rejection sensitivity and emotion dysregulation linking mechanisms?
Authors: Selby Edward A. , Ward Anne C. , Joiner Thomas E. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractObjective:Individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD) often engage in dysregulated eating behaviors, such as binge‐eating and purging. Rejection sensitivity, or the tendency to worry about and expect rejection in most situations, may be involved in this relationship by increasing the intensity and frequency of emotion dysregulation.Method:Using a sample which included individuals diagnosed with BPD, a structural equation model was constructed using BPD symptoms and measures of rejection sensitivity, emotion dysregulation, and dysregulated eating behaviors.Results:The hypothesized model was supported in which BPD symptoms predicted high levels of rejection sensitivity, which then led to increased problems with emotion dysregulation and subsequent dysregulated eating behaviors. A significant indirect effect for rejection sensitivity on dysregulated eating behaviors, through emotion dysregulation, was found. This model also provided better fit than alternative models.Discussion:The results of this study indicate that those with BPD may be more sensitive to rejection, and these fears of rejection may result in increased emotion dysregulation and subsequent dysregulated eating behaviors. Appearance‐relevant rejection sensitivity may be an important factor to explore in future research. © 2009 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2010;)
Photoluminescent Porous Modular Lanthanide–Vanadium–Organic Frameworks
Authors: Rocha João , Almeida Paz Filipe A. , Shi Fa‐Nian , Ferreira Rute A. S. , Trindade Tito , Carlos Luís D. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractModular mixed metal‐organic frameworks with lanthanide centres,M4[M12V24O24(OH)8(H2hedp)8(Hhedp)16(H2O)64+n]·88+y(H2O) (M3+= Y3+, Ce3+, Sm3+, Eu3+, Tb3+, Gd3+, Er3+; H5hedp = etidronic acid), have been reported. The compounds have been prepared by (i) slow evaporation of the solvent to afford large single‐crystals of the Y3+, Ce3+and Er3+compounds and (ii) facile one‐pot synthesis (at ambient conditions) overnight to yield microcrystalline Y3+, Ce3+, Sm3+, Eu3+, Tb3+and Gd3+solids. Framework construction has been shown to be modular and based on the self‐assembly of cyclic trinuclear [V3O3(OH)(H2hedp)(Hhedp)2]6–anionic units with cationic {MO8} or {MO9} aqua‐based lanthanide complexes (with dodecahedral, square antiprismatic or tricapped trigonal prismatic coordination geometries), which gives rise to unprecedented trinodal networks (having 2‐ and 4‐connected nodes) with a total Schäfli symbol of {4.83.102}2{42.84}{8}2. The anionic charge of the networks is balanced by highly disordered trivalent lanthanide cations in the channels. The compounds have been studied by single‐crystal and powder X‐ray diffraction, vibrational spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetry, optical and scanning electron microscopy and elemental analysis. The photoluminescence properties of selected compounds have been investigated. Intriguingly, the co‐existence of V4+and Eu3+cations in the same material allows the fine tuning of the photoluminescence emission from white to purplish‐blue, by changing the excitation wavelength.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Optically Active Polyoxotungstates Bearing Chiral Organophosphonate Substituents
Authors: Carraro Mauro , Modugno Gloria , Sartorel Andrea , Scorrano Gianfranco , Bonchio Marcella 
Published: October 2009

AbstractDivacant Keggin‐type polyoxotungstates [γ‐XW10O36]8– with X = Si or Ge, were functionalized with chiral phosphoryl groups. The hybrid compounds [(R*PO)2(γ‐XW10O36)]4– with R = N‐protected aminoalkyl groups or O‐protected amino acid derivatives, were isolated. The solution characterization of the products was performed by different techniques: 183W, 31P, 13C, and 1H NMR spectroscopy, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, UV/Vis spectroscopy, and circular dichroism (CD). The experimental data confirm the covalent grafting of the organic moieties onto the polyanionic surface. A chirality transfer, from the pendant organic arm to the inorganic framework is apparent from CD studies. Multiple Cotton effects were observed in the region of charge‐transfer transitions pertaining to W–O bonds. Furthermore, the 183W NMR spectra are consistent with the expected C2 symmetry, resulting from introduction of two organic stereocenters. The title complexes were used in the presence of hydrogen peroxide to perform the oxidation of methyl p‐tolyl sulfide. Implications for the design of enantioselective catalysts based on these derivatives are discussed. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
An Unprecedented Approach to the Single‐Step Synthesis of 3,4‐Fused Pyrimidin‐2‐one and Pyrimidin‐2‐thione Derivatives by a [3+2+1] Annulation
Authors: Sasada Toshiaki , Moriuchi Masato , Sakai Norio , Konakahara Takeo 
Published: October 2009

AbstractAn unprecedented three‐component coupling reaction was developed for the synthesis of 3,4‐fused pyrimidin‐2‐one and pyrimidin‐2‐thione derivatives from an α‐acidic imine compound, a nitrile, and triphosgene or carbon disulfide. This method can be used to easily prepare a variety of pyrimidines from commercially available reagents in a single step. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Stereoselective Synthesis of N‐Glycosyl Amino Acids by Traceless Staudinger Ligation of Unprotected Glycosyl Azides
Authors: Nisic Filippo , Andreini Manuel , Bernardi Anna 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe stereoconservative Staudinger ligation of unprotectedα‐ and β‐glycosyl azides with 2‐(diphenylphosphanyl)‐4‐fluorophenyl esters to afford α‐ and β‐N‐glycosyl amino acids is described. The ligation method works reliably well for unprotected β‐azides of the gluco, galacto and fuco series. Lower yields (ca. 50 %) were obtained with a β‐glucosyl‐N‐acetyl azide. The reaction of an α‐glucosyl azide also led to major improvements compared with the use of non‐fluorinated phosphanes. All the N‐glycosyl amino acid products can be isolated and byproducts removed from the crude reaction mixtures by simple water extraction.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Bismuth(III) Chloride Catalyzed Cycloisomerization of Enynes
Authors: Wang Zezhou , Fang Shiyue 
Published: October 2009

AbstractSeveral simple bismuth(III) salts were screened for the suitability to catalyze the cycloisomerization of enynes. Among them, BiCl3 gave the best results. Under the optimized reaction conditions, eight substrates were studied, and acceptable to excellent isolated yields were obtained. Consistent with data in the literature, electron‐deficient alkynes were found to be better substrates for the reaction than electron‐rich ones. Because BiCl3 is readily available, inexpensive and environmentally benign, this soft Lewis acid catalyzed isomerization reaction is expected to be a good choice for organic chemists to prepare pyrrolidine derivatives.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
A reality check on technical trading rule profits in the U.S. futures markets
Authors: Park Cheol‐Ho , Irwin Scott H. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThis article investigates the profitability of technical trading rules in U.S. futures markets during the years 1985–2004. Statistical significance of performance across the trading rules is evaluated using White's Bootstrap Reality Check and Hansen's Superior Predictive Ability tests, which can directly measure the effect of data snooping by testing the performance of the best rule in the context of the full universe of technical trading rules. Results show that the best rules generate statistically significant economic profits for only two of 17 futures markets after correcting for data snooping biases. This evidence suggests that technical trading rules generally have not been profitable in the U.S. futures markets. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 30:633–659, 2010
Cognitive and daily functioning in older adults with vegetative symptoms of depression
Authors: Paradiso Sergio , Duff Kevin , Vaidya Jatin G. , Hoth Angela , Mold James W. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractObjectivesIn primary care 50–95% of patients with depression present with vegetative symptoms (VS). Based on the extant literature, older adults showing VS (but no dysphoria) may show functional impairment but this hypothesis has not been empirically tested. The goal of this study was to examine neurocognitive and daily functioning of elderly patients showing exclusively VS in comparison with patients presenting with VS and dysphoria.MethodsSeven hundred and eighty‐seven primary care patients received measures of neurocognition and daily functioning. Neurocognition was measured with the repeatable battery for the assessment of neuropsychological status (RBANS). Three groups were compared: (1) patients with two or more VS of depression without dysphoria (VS − D), (2) patients with at least one VS and dysphoria (VS + D), and (3) comparison patients without multiple VS or dysphoria.ResultsNearly one third of the sample (31%) fell into the VS − D group, whereas 15% fell into the VS + D group. Both VS groups showed poorer neurocognition and activities of daily living than comparisons. Only one subtest of the RBANS (i.e., picture naming) showed a significant difference between VS + D and VS − D, and there was no significant difference on daily functioning. VS − D patients reported less frequent past history of depression and endorsed less anxiety compared to VS + D.ConclusionsElderly patients presenting with clusters of VS with or without dysphoria show poorer neurocognitive and functional performance. Relative poorer cognition and daily functioning in VS − D are potential harbingers of further decline and consistent with under‐reporting of sadness in older age. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of the adapted virtual reality cognitive training program among Chinese older adults with chronic schizophrenia: a pilot study
Authors: Chan Christopher L. F. , Ngai Elena K. Y. , Leung Paul K. H. , Wong Stephen 
Published: October 2009

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the effect of the adapted virtual reality cognitive training program in older adults with chronic schizophrenia.MethodsOlder adults with chronic schizophrenia were recruited from a long‐stay care setting and were randomly assigned into intervention (n = 12) and control group (n = 15). The intervention group received 10‐session of VR program that consisted of 2 VR activities using IREX. The control group attended the usual programs in the setting.ResultsAfter the 10‐session intervention, older adults with chronic schizophrenia preformed significantly better than control in overall cognitive function (p  .000), and in two cognitive subscales: repetition (p  .001) and memory (p  .040). These participants engaged in the VR activities volitionally. No problem of cybersickness was observed.ConclusionsThe results of the current study indicate that engaging in the adapted virtual reality cognitive training program offers the potential for significant gains in cognitive function of the older adults with chronic schizophrenia. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Depression, cognitive reserve and memory performance in older adults
Authors: Murphy Mike , O'Leary Eleanor 
Published: October 2009

AbstractObjectivesThe purpose of this research study was to examine the relationship between education and leisure, as markers of cognitive reserve, depressive symptoms and memory performance in a sample of cognitively normal Irish older adults.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey style design was employed to gather data. A sample of 121 older adults in the Cork area was recruited through publicly advertising for volunteers. Only those volunteers who obtained a score of greater than 23 on the MMSE, and were not taking antidepressant or anxiolytic medications, were included. Data from 99 participants were included in the analysis.ResultsControlling for age and gender, depressive symptoms were found to be associated with poorer immediate recall performance, while greater than 12 years of education was positively associated with delayed recall and savings. Leisure did not emerge as being associated with any of the dimensions of memory assessed.ConclusionsDepressive symptoms emerged as associated with immediate recall, even though few of the participants met the cut‐off for caseness. This may indicate a need for intervention in cases of subclinical depression with associated memory complaints. The association between education level and both delayed recall and savings provides support for the cognitive reserve hypothesis, and may suggest useful non‐pharmacological approaches to memory deficits in later life. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
PKMζ maintains 1‐day‐ and 6‐day‐old long‐term object location but not object identity memory in dorsal hippocampus
Authors: Hardt Oliver , Migues Paola V. , Hastings Margaret , Wong Jacinda , Nader Karim 
Published: October 2009

AbstractContinuous activity of the atypical protein kinase C isoform M zeta (PKMζ) is necessary for maintaining long‐term memory acquired in aversively or appetitively motivated associative learning tasks, such as active avoidance, aversive taste conditioning, auditory and contextual fear conditioning, radial arm maze, and watermaze. Whether unreinforced, nonassociative memory will also require PKMζ for long‐term maintenance is not known. Using recognition memory for object location and object identity, we found that inactivating PKMζ in dorsal hippocampus abolishes 1‐day and 6‐day‐old long‐term recognition memory for object location, while recognition memory for object identity was not affected by this treatment. Memory for object location persisted for no more than 35 days after training. These results suggest that the dorsal hippocampus mediates long‐term memory for where, but not what things have been encountered, and that PKMζ maintains this type of spatial knowledge as long as the memory exists. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.