bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discrimination among similarly colored goose species in federal harvest surveys
Authors: Dooley Joshua L. , Doherty Paul F. , Otis David L. , White Gary C. , Taylor Daniel R. , Griffin Doreen L. , Chandler Stephen C. , Catino Stephanie M. , Fleming Kathy K. , Raftovich Robert V. , Piaggio Antoinette J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractEach year in the United States, fall‐winter (sport) harvests of goose species are estimated from federal surveys coordinated by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, including the Migratory Bird Harvest Survey to estimate total goose harvest and the Parts Collection Survey (PCS) to estimate the species and age composition. For the PCS, randomly selected hunters collect tail and wing feathers of each goose shot during the hunting season, and then biologists determine the age class and species of each sample at organized events (Wingbees) in each of the 4 flyways (Pacific, Central, Mississippi, and Atlantic). For similarly colored goose species, cackling (Branta hutchinsii) versus Canada (B. canadensis) geese (dark geese) and Ross's (Anser rossii) versus snow (A. caerulescens) geese (light geese), different protocols evolved among Wingbees to differentiate samples into groupings of management interest, leading to difficulties in estimating species‐level harvests among the 4 flyways or nationally. We conducted a study among the United States flyways during 2019–2022 to derive thresholds of central tail feather length to discriminate between dark geese and between light geese. We compared morphological‐ and genetic‐based approaches. There was support for 2 distinct mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) clades in dark and light geese, but only dark goose clades corresponded with central tail feather lengths (morphological size and species identification). Derived thresholds for central tail feather lengths of dark geese in the 3 westernmost flyways using genetic‐based species' discrimination were 145 mm for adults and 134 mm for juveniles, approximately 13 mm and 9 mm less, respectively, than thresholds using morphological‐based species' discrimination. There was limited ability to discriminate light geese based on either mtDNA or central tail feather lengths. We suggest managers use our derived thresholds based on genetic‐based species' discrimination to classify dark goose PCS samples. More advanced genome analyses should be conducted before changing current Wingbee protocols for light geese. Lastly, we encourage more studies to incorporate genetic analyses to complement morphological discrimination.
All‐dielectric Metasurfaces and Their Applications in the Terahertz Range
Authors: Hao Danni , Liu Jinwei , Zou Pinggen , Zhang Yi , Moro Ramiro , Ma Lei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn the rapidly evolving terahertz (THz) technology field, all‐dielectric metasurfaces (ADMs) have emerged as a significant driving force, potentially can transform various industries and scientific disciplines. This review offers a comprehensive and in‐depth examination of the underlying principles, materials, fabrication techniques, and state‐of‐the‐art design methods associated with THz ADMs, including the emerging role of artificial intelligence in their development. The diverse applications are delved into of these metasurfaces, such as high‐resolution imaging, advanced sensing, and the development of tunable devices, showcasing the versatility and promise of ADMs in the THz range. Furthermore, the significance of interdisciplinary collaboration is discussed and the integration of cutting‐edge technologies in pushing the boundaries of ADM‐based THz devices. As the field continues to grow and innovate, the applications and implications of all‐dielectric metasurfaces in the terahertz range are expected to become increasingly diverse, paving the way for transformative breakthroughs across various sectors.
State boredom increases consumers' gift‐giving intentions in entertainment live‐streaming: A moderated dual‐mediation model
Authors: Zhang Nan , Zhan Jinming , Zhang Xiaodan , Zheng Lei , Li Wenxi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGift‐giving during live‐streaming has emerged as an important revenue‐generating mechanism for streamers. However, the mechanisms and factors influencing consumers' gift‐giving intentions remain unclear. Considering the novel aspect of the highly visible social context in entertainment live‐streaming, this research proposed a moderated dual‐mediation model of gift‐giving. Three experimental studies were conducted to investigate the relationship between state boredom and consumers' gift‐giving intentions. Study 1 discovered that state boredom increased consumers' gift‐giving intentions. Study 2 revealed that social identity and pleasure consumers obtained in the live‐streaming mediated this correlation simultaneously, and eliminated alternative possible mechanisms. Study 3 identified the moderated mediation effect of perceived co‐viewer involvement. Specifically, high levels of perceived co‐viewer involvement positively enhanced the effects of state boredom on consumers' gift‐giving intentions, mediated by a dual‐mechanism of social identity and pleasure. This research highlights the positive role of state boredom on gift‐giving during live‐streaming, contributing to the understanding of digital gift‐giving behaviors by investigating consumer's emotion effect and specific mechanisms from social interactions in a new scenario.
Peculiar Behavior of Methyl Methacrylate Emulsion Polymerization‐Induced Self‐Assembly Mediated by RAFT Using Poly(Methacrylic Acid) Macromolecular Chain Transfer Agent
Authors: Sun Huidi , Wang Suren , Dugas Pierre‐Yves , D'Agosto Franck , Lansalot Muriel 
Published: May 2024

AbstractReversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) emulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) is successfully performed in water in the presence of a poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) macromolecular chain transfer agent (macroCTA) leading to the formation of self‐stabilized PMAA‐b‐PMMA amphiphilic block copolymer particles. At pH 3.7, the reactions are well‐controlled with narrow molar mass distributions. Increasing the initial pH, particularly above 5.6, results in a partial loss of reactivity of the PMAA macroCTA. The effect of the degree of polymerization (DPn) of the PMMA block, the solids content, the nature of the hydrophobic segment, and the pH on the morphology of the obtained diblock copolymer particles is then investigated. Worm‐like micelles are formed for a DPn of PMMA of 20 (PMMA20), while “onion‐like” particles and spherical vesicles are obtained for PMMA30 and PMMA50, respectively. In contrast, spherical particles are obtained for the DPns higher than 150. This unusual evolution of particle morphologies upon increasing the DPn of the PMMA block seems to be related to hydrogen bonds between hydrophilic MAA and hydrophobic MMA units.
Calcitriol Treatment Is Safe and Increases Frataxin Levels in Friedreich Ataxia Patients
Authors: Alemany‐Perna Berta , Tamarit Jordi , Cabiscol Elisa , Delaspre Fabien , Miguela Albert , Huertas‐Pons Joana Maria , Quiroga‐Varela Ana , Merchan Ruiz Miguel , López Domínguez Daniel , Ramió i Torrentà Lluís , Genís David , Ros Joaquim 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundCalcitriol, the active form of vitamin D (also known as 1,25‐dihydroxycholecalciferol), improves the phenotype and increases frataxin levels in cell models of Friedreich ataxia (FRDA).ObjectivesBased on these results, we aimed measuring the effects of a calcitriol dose of 0.25 mcg/24h in the neurological function and frataxin levels when administered to FRDA patients for a year.Methods20 FRDA patients where recluted and 15 patients completed the treatment for a year. Evaluations of neurological function changes (SARA scale, 9‐HPT, 8‐MWT, PATA test) and quality of life (Barthel Scale and Short Form (36) Health Survey [SF‐36] quality of life questionnaire) were performed. Frataxin amounts were measured in isolated platelets obtained from these FRDA patients, from heterozygous FRDA carriers (relatives of the FA patients) and from non‐heterozygous sex and age matched controls.ResultsAlthough the patients did not experience any observable neurological improvement, there was a statistically significant increase in frataxin levels from initial values, 5.5 to 7.0 pg/μg after 12 months. Differences in frataxin levels referred to total protein levels were observed among sex‐ and age‐matched controls (18.1 pg/μg), relative controls (10.1 pg/μg), and FRDA patients (5.7 pg/μg). The treatment was well tolerated by most patients, and only some of them experienced minor adverse effects at the beginning of the trial.ConclusionsCalcitriol dosage used (0.25 mcg/24 h) is safe for FRDA patients, and it increases frataxin levels. We cannot rule out that higher doses administered longer could yield neurological benefits. © 2024 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Empirical and model-based evaluation of a step-pool stream restoration project: Consequences for a highly valued fish population
Authors: Harvey Bret C. , White Jason L. , Nakamoto Rodney J. , Railsback Steven F. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective
We sought to measure a step-pool restoration project's effects on a steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss population and explore the capability of process-based modeling to enhance understanding of the results.

Methods
We used before-after–control-impact monitoring in combination with a process-based, individual-based, spatially explicit fish population model to evaluate a stream restoration project that reconfigured the channel and primarily added step pools to a reach of a second-order stream in northwestern California.

Result
Five years of monitoring both before (2012–2016) and after (2018–2022) restoration indicated that restoration caused substantial increases in the abundance and biomass of steelhead. Individual growth rates and retention of fish in the study reach did not exhibit consistent patterns, even in the first 2 years after restoration, when fish abundance and biomass exhibited extreme increases of about fivefold. Model simulations predicted about a twofold increase in the abundance and biomass of steelhead in the restoration reach, which corresponded with the empirical results 4–5 years after restoration. The model also predicted a similar increase in the production of steelhead out-migrants, a response we did not attempt to measure in the field.

Conclusion
Step-pool restoration benefitted steelhead. The model's correspondence with empirical observations indicates its potential applicability to more complex resource management questions in the study area, such as how restoration will combine with changes in climate to affect the sustainability of salmonid populations.
Association of diarrhea or constipation with urinary incontinence in adults: A cross‐sectional analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Wang Junwei , Ye Haibo , Zhang Cunming , Zhang Aiwei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to investigate the association between diarrhea or constipation and urinary incontinence (UI) in adults.MethodsData from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for 2009–2010 was used to include 4686 adults aged 20 and over in the analysis. Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and urgency urinary incontinence (UUI) were used as outcome variables, with diarrhea and constipation as exposure factors. We first compared the baseline characteristics of those with and without SUI, as well as those with and without UUI. The impact of diarrhea or constipation on SUI and UUI was assessed using multivariate logistic regression models. To ensure the stability of the results, subgroup and stratified analyses were conducted.ResultsThe prevalence rates of UUI and SUI were 22.49% and 23.39%, respectively. Adjusted multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the risk of UUI was increased by either diarrhea (OR 1.66, 95% CI 1.36–2.04) or constipation (OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.11–1.83). The risk of SUI was also elevated by either diarrhea (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.11–1.67) or constipation (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.06–1.63). Subgroup analysis revealed no significant differences in the interaction tests between constipation or diarrhea and UI.ConclusionsThis study found that both constipation and diarrhea increase the risk of UUI and SUI.
Comparison between R2′‐based and R2*‐based χ‐separation methods: A clinical evaluation in individuals with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Ji Sooyeon , Jang Jinhee , Kim Minjun , Lee Hyebin , Kim Woojun , Lee Jongho , Shin Hyeong‐Geol 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSusceptibility source separation, or χ‐separation, estimates diamagnetic (χdia) and paramagnetic susceptibility (χpara) signals in the brain using local field and R2′ (= R2* − R2) maps. Recently proposed R2*‐based χ‐separation methods allow for χ‐separation using only multi‐echo gradient echo (ME‐GRE) data, eliminating the need for additional data acquisition for R2 mapping. Although this approach reduces scan time and enhances clinical utility, the impact of missing R2 information remains a subject of exploration. In this study, we evaluate the viability of two previously proposed R2*‐based χ‐separation methods as alternatives to their R2′‐based counterparts: model‐based R2*‐χ‐separation versus χ‐separation and deep learning‐based χ‐sepnet‐R2* versus χ‐sepnet‐R2′. Their performances are assessed in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS), comparing them with their corresponding R2′‐based counterparts (i.e., R2*‐χ‐separation vs. χ‐separation and χ‐sepnet‐R2* vs. χ‐sepnet‐R2′). The evaluations encompass qualitative visual assessments by experienced neuroradiologists and quantitative analyses, including region of interest analyses and linear regression analyses. Qualitatively, R2*‐χ‐separation tends to report higher χpara and χdia values compared with χ‐separation, leading to less distinct lesion contrasts, while χ‐sepnet‐R2* closely aligns with χ‐sepnet‐R2′. Quantitative analysis reveals a robust correlation between both R2*‐based methods and their R2′‐based counterparts (r ≥ 0.88). Specifically, in the whole‐brain voxels, χ‐sepnet‐R2* exhibits higher correlation and better linearity than R2*‐χ‐separation (χdia/χpara from R2*‐χ‐separation: r = 0.88/0.90, slope = 0.79/0.86; χdia/χpara from χ‐sepnet‐R2*: r = 0.90/0.92, slope = 0.99/0.97). In MS lesions, both R2*‐based methods display comparable correlation and linearity (χdia/χpara from R2*‐χ‐separation: r = 0.90/0.91, slope = 0.98/0.91; χdia/χpara from χ‐sepnet‐R2*: r = 0.88/0.88, slope = 0.91/0.95). Notably, χ‐sepnet‐R2* demonstrates negligible offsets, whereas R2*‐χ‐separation exhibits relatively large offsets (0.02 ppm in the whole brain and 0.01 ppm in the MS lesions), potentially indicating the false presence of myelin or iron in MS lesions. Overall, both R2*‐based χ‐separation methods demonstrated their viability as alternatives to their R2′‐based counterparts. χ‐sepnet‐R2* showed better alignment with its R2′‐based counterpart with minimal susceptibility offsets, compared with R2*‐χ‐separation that reported higher χpara and χdia values compared with R2′‐based χ‐separation.
Stabilization‐free virtual element method for 2D elastoplastic problems
Authors: Xu Bing‐Bing , Wang Yi‐Fan , Wriggers Peter 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this paper, a novel first‐ and second‐order stabilization‐free virtual element method is proposed for two‐dimensional elastoplastic problems. In contrast to traditional virtual element methods, the improved method does not require any stabilization, making the solution of nonlinear problems more reliable. The main idea is to modify the virtual element space to allow the computation of the higher‐order projection operator, ensuring that the strain and stress represent the element energy accurately. Considering the flexibility of the stabilization‐free virtual element method, the elastoplastic mechanical problems can be solved by radial return methods known from the traditional finite element framework. plasticity with hardening is considered for modeling the nonlinear response. Several numerical examples are provided to illustrate the capability and accuracy of the stabilization‐free virtual element method.
A wavelet collocation method for fractional Black–Scholes equations by subdiffusive model
Authors: Damircheli Davood , Razzaghi Mohsen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this investigation, we propose a numerical method based on the fractional‐order generalized Taylor wavelets (FGTW) for option pricing and the fractional Black–Scholes equations. This model studies option pricing when the underlying asset has subdiffusive dynamics. By applying the regularized beta function, we give an exact formula for the Riemann–Liouville fractional integral operator (RLFIO) of the FGTW. An error analysis of the numerical scheme for estimating solutions is performed. Finally, we conduct a variety of numerical experiments for several standard examples from the literature to assess the efficiency of the proposed method.
Juvenile sex estimation using the elevation of the auricular surface: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Griffith Maura K. , Rando Carolyn 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe development and identification of methods for effective sex estimation of physiologically juvenile remains continue to challenge bioarchaeologists. This systematic review and meta‐analysis of investigates the diagnostic accuracy of auricular surface elevation (ASE) for sex estimation of physiological juveniles; determines how the diagnostic accuracy differs between the categorical ASE method and the adapted ranked ASE method; and assesses if the diagnostic accuracy of ASE sex estimation improves with age. ASE sex estimation is used as a component of puberty estimation. A forward search using Google Scholar, SCOPUS, and CrossRef identified 248 unique documents that cited Weaver's original description of the method. The results of more than 700 sex estimates from five peer‐reviewed articles and two PhD dissertations are synthesized through bivariate meta‐analysis. The bivariate meta‐analysis reveals that ASE sex estimation correctly estimates sex of 36.7% [95% CI: 20.8–56.1%] of females and 82.4% [71.9–89.6%] of males. The predictive value of the female auricular surface trait (elevated) is 67.6% [61.8–72.9%], and the predictive value of the male trait (non‐elevated) is 56.6% [54.3–58.8%]. When separated into age cohorts of under 1 year old, under 10 years old, and over 10 years old, ASE sex estimation did not show improvement with increased age. This analysis demonstrates that the ASE sex estimation method does not accurately estimate or predict sex of physiologically juvenile individuals, with no improvement from a ranked method or by age. Furthermore, this method should not be used as a component of puberty estimation due to lack of improvement with increasing age‐at‐death.
The effects of a newcomer program on the academic achievement of English Learners
Authors: Morales Camila , Mogollon Monica 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSchool districts serving newcomer English Learners (ELs) generally offer short‐term intensive English programs designed to teach foundational language skills and guide students’ integration into the U.S. school system. Despite the growing popularity of newcomer programs, however, there is limited rigorous evidence of their efficacy. In this paper, we present evidence on the causal effect of an intensive English program on the academic achievement of newcomer EL students. Access to the program is determined by a test score cutoff which we leverage to employ a regression discontinuity design. On average, students who are eligible for the program in elementary grades experience a boost in their academic achievement for up to 3 years following initial eligibility. Conversely, newcomer EL students who are marginally eligible for intensive English language instruction in middle school grades see a decline in achievement that tends to exacerbate over time.
Patterns of primary and specialty care among children with sickle cell anemia
Authors: Patel Pooja N. , Dombkowski Kevin J. , Madden Brian , Raphael Jean L. , Plegue Melissa , Braun Thomas M. , Reeves Sarah L. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackground and objectiveNational guidelines recommend that children with sickle cell anemia (SCA) be seen regularly by primary care providers (PCPs) as well as hematologists to receive comprehensive, multidisciplinary care. The objective is to characterize the patterns of primary and hematology care for children with SCA in Michigan.MethodsUsing validated claims definitions, children ages 1–17 years with SCA were identified using Michigan Medicaid administrative claims from 2010 to 2018. We calculated the number of outpatient PCP and hematologist visits per person‐year, as well as the proportion of children with at least one visit to a PCP, hematologist, or both a PCP and hematologist annually. Negative binomial regression was used to calculate annual rates of visits for each provider type.ResultsA total of 875 children contributed 2889 person‐years. Of the total 22,570 outpatient visits, 52% were with a PCP and 34% with a hematologist. Annually, 87%–93% of children had a visit with a PCP, and 63%–85% had a visit with a hematologist. Approximately 66% of total person‐years had both visit types within a year. The annual rate ranged from 2.3 to 2.5 for hematologist visits and from 3.7 to 4.1 for PCP visits.ConclusionsSubstantial gaps exist in the receipt of annual hematology care. Given that the majority of children with SCA see a PCP annually, strategies to leverage primary care visits experienced by this population may be needed to increase receipt of SCA‐specific services.
Feasibility study of an integrated pre‐curing and forming process for 6061 Al alloy and carbon fiber hybrid composites
Authors: Zhang Zhiqiang , Wang Qin , Yu Shixiang , Wang Ting , Jia Hongjie , Ren Mingwen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis article proposes a 6061‐T6 Al alloy and carbon fiber hybrid composite material pre‐curing and forming integrated new process, which can significantly reduce the hybrid composite material processing time, improve the production efficiency, and provide the possibility of hybrid composite materials in automotive parts applications. The process started by placing hand‐stacked carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) composites on the surface of 6061 Al alloy sheets, followed by bonding and pre‐curing of the CFRP to the Al alloy sheets through two different sets of dies in a hydraulic press, and ultimately full curing in an aging furnace. Mechanical properties of the CFRP/Al hybrid composite material were measured by flexural tests. The results show that the flexural strength of CFRP/Al hybrid composites with different layups ([90]12, [0/45/90/−45]3, and [0]12) was increased by 159%, 93.4%, and 67.9%, respectively, compared with the single 6061 Al alloy. According to the macro‐morphological observation, [90]12 lay‐up parts have the least thinning. According to the microstructure observation, no obvious cracks or voids were found in the [90]12 lay‐up parts. Elongated cracks and void defects could be found in the [0]12 lay‐up parts. For the [0/45/90/−45]3 lay‐up parts, voids are mainly exist in ±45°layups. The results of the spring‐back analysis show that the standard deviation of the formed parts obtained from the three lay‐up methods is within 1 mm, indicating that the forming effect is good.Highlights
New process improves productivity and reduces production costs
The flexural strength of CFRP/Al hybrid parts is greatly improved
[90]°12 lay‐up parts have the least thinning and no cracks were found
The forming precision of the three lay‐up parts is good