bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tissue‐engineered cartilage of porcine and human origin as in vitro test system in arthritis research
Authors: Göhring Axel R. , Lübke Carsten , Andreas Kristin , Kaps Christian , Häupl Thomas , Pruss Axel , Perka Carsten , Sittinger Michael , Ringe Jochen 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe increasing prevalence of cartilage destruction during arthritis has entailed an intensified amount for in vitro cartilage models to analyze pathophysiological processes and to screen for antirheumatic drugs. Tissue engineering offers the opportunity to establish highly organized 3D cell cultures facilitating the formation of in vitro models that reflect the human situation. We report the comparison of porcine chondrocyte pellet and alginate bead cultures as model systems for human cartilage and the further development into a human system that was applied in an arthritis model. In porcine pellet and alginate cultures, formation of cartilage matrix similar to human matrix was verified by histology and PCR. As alginate beads could be cultivated batch‐wise in one well of a multiwell plate, we further developed this setting into a human system. In contrast, each pellet had to be cultivated individually in one well of a multiwell plate, which is time consuming. Following stimulation of human chondrocyte alginate cultures with conditioned media from human synovial fibroblasts derived from arthritis patients, microarray analysis verified the induction of genes related to cartilage destruction (like MMP10, −12) and inflammation (like IL6, −8 and chemokines). Several genes are coding for proteins that are members of inflammatory and catabolic pathways. Belonging to the most affected pathways, we identified the focal adhesion, cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction, ECM‐receptor signalling, Jak‐STAT signalling, and toll‐like receptor signalling pathways, all relevant in arthritis. Therefore, we demonstrate that engineered cartilage of porcine and human origin represents a powerful in vitro model for cartilage in vivo. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2010
Synthesis of Microporous Carbon Foams as Catalyst Supports
Authors: Glenk F. , Knorr T. , Schirmer M. , Gütlein S. , Etzold B. J. M. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractMicroporous carbon foams were synthesized as structured catalyst supports by the carbide‐derived carbon (CDC) method. The self‐supporting foams showed a narrow pore size distribution which seems to induce shape‐selective effects during reactions. The applicability of these materials as supports for active metals was tested in a hydrogenation reaction of different olefins with a CDC powder wet impregnated with platinum.
Synthesis and Molecular Structure of β‐Phosphinoyl Carboxamides: An Unexpected Case of Chiral Discrimination of Hydrogen‐Bonded Dimers in the Solid State
Authors: Alajarín Mateo , López‐Leonardo Carmen , Álvarez‐García Ángel , Llamas‐Lorente Pilar , Sánchez‐Andrada Pilar , Berná José , Pastor Aurelia , Bautista Delia , Jones Peter G. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractA series of N,P,P‐trisubstituted aminophosphanes react with diphenylcyclopropenone to afford an easily separable mixture of two diastereomeric α,β‐diphenyl‐β‐phosphinoyl carboxamides in good yields. X‐ray crystal structures reveal that these compounds associate into dimers, formed from two enantiomeric units linked by two bifurcated hydrogen bonds, whereby the oxygen atom of the phosphoryl group acts as a dual acceptor for the vicinal NH and CH of a carbonyl group of a neighbouring molecule. Studies on the interconversion between diastereomeric phosphinoyl carboxamides in basic solution show that the thermodynamically most stable isomer depends on the nature of the substituent at the nitrogen atom. Simple computational calculations explain this phenomenon.
Photocontrolled Living Anionic Polymerization of Phosphorus‐Bridged [1]Ferrocenophanes: A Route to Well‐Defined Polyferrocenylphosphine (PFP) Homopolymers and Block Copolymers
Authors: Patra Sanjib K. , Whittell George R. , Nagiah Simone , Ho Cheuk‐Lam , Wong Wai‐Yeung , Manners Ian 
Published: February 2010

AbstractPhosphorus‐bridged strained [1]ferrocenophanes [Fe{(η‐C5H4)2P(CH2CMe3)}] (2) and [Fe{(η‐C5H4)2P(CH2SiMe3)}] (3) with neopentyl and (trimethylsilyl)methyl substituents on phosphorus, respectively, have been synthesized and characterized. Photocontrolled living anionic ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) of the known phosphorus‐bridged [1]ferrocenophane [Fe{(η‐C5H4)2P(CMe3)}] (1) and the new monomers 2 and 3, initiated by Na[C5H5] in THF at 5 °C, yielded well‐defined polyferrocenylphosphines (PFPs), [Fe{(η‐C5H4)2PR}]n (R=CMe3 (4), CH2CMe3 (5), and CH2SiMe3 (6)), with controlled molecular weights (up to ca. 60×103 Da) and narrow molecular weight distributions. The PFPs 4–6 were characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, DSC, and by GPC analysis of the corresponding poly(ferrocenylphosphine sulfides) obtained by sulfurization of the phosphorus(III) centers. The living nature of the photocontrolled anionic ROP allowed the synthesis of well‐defined all‐organometallic PFP‐b‐PFSF (7 a and 7 b) (PFSF=polyferrocenylmethyl(3,3,3,‐trifluoropropyl)silane) diblock copolymers through sequential monomer addition. TEM studies of the thin films of the diblock copolymer 7 b showed microphase separation to form cylindrical PFSF domains in a PFP matrix.
Right‐sided Chest Leads in Exercise Testing for Detection of Coronary Restenosis
Authors: Michaelides Andreas P. , Liakos Charalampos I. , Antoniades Charalambos , Dilaveris Polychronis E. , Tsiamis Eleftherios G. , Tsioufis Konstantinos P. , Aggeli Konstantina D. , Toutouzas Konstantinos P. , Raftopoulos Leonidas G. , Stefanadis Christodoulos I. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBackgroundThe incorporation of right‐sided chest leads (V3R through V5R) into standard exercise testing has been reported to improve its diagnostic utility.HypothesisThe purpose of this study was to evaluate any improvement in the ability of exercise testing in detecting restenosis, using additional V3R through V5R leads, in asymptomatic patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the right coronary artery (RCA) or/and left circumflex (LCX).MethodsWe studied 172 consecutive patients (54 ± 7 years old, 106 males) undergoing PCI in RCA or/and LCX. A treadmill test had been performed before PCI. Six months later, all patients underwent a second treadmill test and arteriography in order to detect silent ischemia due to restenosis. Recordings during exercise were obtained with the standard 12‐leads plus V3R through V5R.ResultsOut of 172 patients, 106 had stenosis in RCA, 35 in LCX, and 31 in both vessels while 6 months later, restenosis was detected in 8 (for RCA), 3 (for LCX), and 3 (for both vessels) patients respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, positive prognostic value, negative prognostic value, and accuracy of exercise testing performed post PCI were ameliorated using V3R through V5R (79% vs 57%, 97% vs 80%, 69% vs 21%, 98% vs 95%, and 95% vs 78% respectively, P < .05 for all except negative prognostic value). Maximal exercise‐induced ST‐segment deviation (in mm) was not changed post PCI in 12 leads (1.4 ± 0.2 vs 1.5 ± 0.2, P = NS) while it was decreased in V3R through V5R (0.2 ± 0.2 vs 1.2 ± 0.3, P < .01).ConclusionsThe addition of V3R through V5R improves the diagnostic ability of standard exercise testing in detecting silent ischemia due to restenosis in patients undergoing PCI in RCA or/and LCX. Copyright © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Impact of postoperative prostate‐specific antigen disease recurrence and the use of salvage therapy on the risk of death
Authors: Choueiri Toni K. , Chen Ming‐Hui , D'Amico Anthony V. , Sun Leon , Nguyen Paul L. , Hayes Julia H. , Robertson Cary N. , Walther Philip J. , Polascik Thomas J. , Albala David M. , Moul Judd W. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:This report evaluated whether biochemical recurrence (BCR) as a time‐dependent covariate (t) after radical prostatectomy (RP) for prostate cancer was associated with the risk of death and whether salvage therapy with radiotherapy (RT) and/or hormonal therapy (HT) can lessen this riskMETHODS:This was a retrospective cohort study of 3071 men who underwent RP at Duke University between 1988 and 2008 and had complete follow‐up data. A Cox regression multivariable analysis was used to determine whether BCR (t) was associated with the risk of death in men after adjusting for age, prostatectomy findings, and the use of salvage RT and/or HT.RESULTS:After a median follow‐up of 7.4 years, 546 (17.8%) men experienced BCR and 454 (14.8%) died. The median follow‐up after prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) failure was 11.2 years (interquartile range, 5.8‐16.0 years). BCR (t) was associated with an increased risk of death (adjusted hazards ratio [AHR], 1.03; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.004‐1.06 [P = .025]). In men who experienced BCR, a PSA doubling time <6 months was associated with an increased risk of death (AHR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.15‐2.1 [P = .004]); whereas a decrease in the risk of death was observed in men who received RT (AHR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.40‐0.58 [P = .002]) or HT (AHR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.37‐0.84 [P = .005]) after BCR.CONCLUSIONS:The occurrence of BCR was found to increase the risk of death in men undergoing RP for prostate cancer, and this risk appeared to increase as the time to BCR shortened. However, the addition of RT and/or HT in men with BCR significantly lowered this risk. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Roles for γ‐aminobutyric acid in the development of the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus
Authors: McClellan Kristy M. , Stratton Matthew S. , Tobet Stuart A. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe development of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) involves several factors that work together to establish a cell group that regulates neuroendocrine functions and behaviors. Several molecular markers were noted within the developing PVN, including estrogen receptors (ER), neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). By contrast, immunoreactive γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) was found in cells and fibers surrounding the PVN. Two animal models were used to test the hypothesis that GABA works through GABAA and GABAB receptors to influence the development of the PVN. Treatment with bicuculline to decrease GABAA receptor signaling from embryonic day (E) 10 to E17 resulted in fewer cells containing immunoreactive (ir) ERα in the region of the PVN vs. control. GABABR1 receptor subunit knockout mice were used to examine the PVN at P0 without GABAB signaling. In female but not male GABABR1 subunit knockout mice, the positions of cells containing ir ERα shifted from medial to lateral compared with wild‐type controls, whereas the total number of ir ERα‐containing cells was unchanged. In E17 knockout mice, ir nNOS cells and fibers were spread over a greater area. There was also a significant decrease in ir BDNF in the knockout mice in a region‐dependent manner. Changes in cell position and protein expression subsequent to disruption of GABA signaling may be due, in part, to changes in nNOS and BDNF signaling. Based on the current study, the PVN can be added as another site where GABA exerts morphogenetic actions in development. J. Comp. Neurol. 518:2710–2728, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An optimized concurrent network system software supporting effective multi‐session streaming in a multimedia appliance
Authors: Jung Gi‐Hoon , Kang Soon‐Ju 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThis paper describes an effective concurrent network system software architecture for a high‐throughput multi‐session streaming service with an appliance. The in‐home streaming service is emerging in‐home network environments, but concurrent‐processing performance of the general communication system software is not enough to guarantee the deterministic transmission quality for high‐throughput multi‐session streaming service with common consumer appliances. In order to maximize concurrency of the multi‐streaming applications, this paper proposes packet magazine (PM) software architecture for the high‐throughput multi‐session streaming service with the general operating system and the network adapter. The PM handles a series of data structures of packets and descriptors in the application, for both minimizing the unpredictable processing time inside a kernel (device driver) and maximizing concurrency of the multi‐session streaming process. The proposed concept also aims to strengthen the application program's role in the streaming process by assigning the responsibility of the transmission‐buffer management. The proposed idea is experimentally verified with an IEEE1394‐based multimedia streaming test‐bed network. The results show that the optimized concurrent software with general purpose hardware can guarantee the deterministic quality for multi‐session streaming service. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tailored Porous Silicon Microparticles: Fabrication and Properties
Authors: Chiappini Ciro , Tasciotti Ennio , Fakhoury Jean R. , Fine Daniel , Pullan Lee , Wang Young‐Chung , Fu Lianfeng , Liu Xuewu , Ferrari Mauro 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe use of mesoporous silicon particles for drug delivery has been widely explored thanks to their biodegradability and biocompatibility. The ability to tailor the physicochemical properties of porous silicon at the micro‐ and nanoscale confers versatility to this material. A method for the fabrication of highly reproducible, monodisperse, mesoporous silicon particles with controlled physical characteristics through electrochemical etching of patterned silicon trenches is presented. The particle size is tailored in the micrometer range and pore size in the nanometer range, the shape from tubular to discoidal to hemispherical, and the porosity from 46 to over 80 %. In addition, the properties of the porous matrix are correlated with the loading of model nanoparticles (quantum dots) and their three‐dimensional arrangement within the matrix is observed by transmission electron microscopy tomography. The methods developed in this study provide effective means to fabricate mesoporous silicon particles according to the principles of rational design for therapeutic vectors and to characterize the distribution of nanoparticles within the porous matrix.
Post‐translational regulation of Crmp in developing and regenerating chick spinal cord
Authors: Gögel Stefanie , Lange Sigrun , Leung Kit‐Yi , Greene Nicholas D.E. , Ferretti Patrizia 
Published: February 2010

AbstractIt is becoming apparent that regulation at the protein level plays crucial roles in developmental and pathological processes. Therefore, we performed a proteomics screen to identify proteins that are differently expressed or modified at stages of development permissive (E11) and nonpermissive for regeneration (E15) of the chick spinal cord. Proteins regulated either developmentally or in response to spinal‐cord injury included collapsin‐response‐mediator proteins (Crmps), known to modulate microtubule dynamic and axonal growth. No significant changes in Crmp transcripts following injury were observed, indicating regulation mainly at the protein level. Analysis of Crmp‐2 protein and its phosphorylated forms, pS522 and pT514, showed that Crmp‐2 is developmentally regulated and also expressed in neural progenitors in vivo and in neurospheres. Its cellular localization changed both with development and following spinal‐cord injury. In addition, although overall levels of Crmp‐2 expression were not affected by injury, abundance of certain phosphorylated forms was altered. pT514 Crmp‐2 appeared to be associated with dividing neural progenitors and was greatly reduced at nonpermissive stages for regeneration, whereas it did not seem affected by injury. In contrast, phosphorylation of Crmp‐2 at S522 was upregulated early after injury in regenerating spinal cords and the ratio between phosphorylated to total Crmp‐2 increased, as indicated by 2D Western blots. Altogether, this study shows highly dynamic regulation of Crmp‐2 forms during development and identifies post‐translational changes in Crmp‐2 as putative contributors to the maintenance of spinal‐cord regenerative ability, possibly via a transient stabilization of the neuronal cytoskeleton. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 70: 456–471, 2010
A unique expression pattern of Tbx10 in the hindbrain as revealed by Tbx10LacZ allele
Authors: Xue Xiao Dong , Kimura Wataru , Wang Bo , Hikosaka Keisuke , Itakura Tatsuo , Uezato Tadayoshi , Matsuda Masashi , Koseki Haruhiko , Miura Naoyuki 
Published: February 2010

AbstractTo study the expression/function of Tbx10, a T‐box gene, Tbx10LacZ/+ mice were established by replacing the T‐box coding region with a LacZ gene. X‐gal staining showed that LacZ+ cells were localized to two‐cell populations in rhombomere 4 and rhombomere 6. No significant differences in the locations of LacZ+ cells were found between Tbx10LacZ/+ and Tbx10LacZ/LacZ mice, and the Tbx10LacZ/LacZ mice were viable and fertile. We found that the LacZ+ cells are present in both embryonic and adult mice. Histological studies suggest that the rhombomere 4‐derived LacZ+ cells are a subpopulation of the ventral interneurons in the pons. genesis, 48:295–302, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A Bipyridine‐Based “Naked‐Eye” Fluorimetric Cu2+ Chemosensor
Authors: Reynal Anna , Etxebarria Juan , Nieto Natalia , Serres Sílvia , Palomares Emilio , Vidal‐Ferran Anton 
Published: February 2010

AbstractA series of six 2,2′‐bipyridine‐3,3′‐diols with different substituents have been synthesized and characterized. The designed ligands show fluorescence in the visible part of the spectra, but only the luminescence of the less sterically hindered molecules is quenched in the presence of Cu2+ ions. Selectivity and sensitivity of the chemosensors have been tested by absorption and luminescence spectroscopy in aqueous solutions, with a dynamic working range of 0.7–30 μM and a limit of detection of 0.04 ppm (mg L–1).
Capillary modified with covalently attached coating for enhanced CE separation of biopolymers
Authors: He Yuan , Wei Yinmao , Zheng Xiaohui , Zheng Jianbin 
Published: February 2010

Abstractδ‐Gluconolactone was covalently coupled with aminopropyl‐derivatized capillary, creating hydrophilic brushes on the inner wall of the capillary. The hydrophilic coating provided suppression of EOF and minimized protein adsorption, resulting in the separation of basic proteins and DNA with efficiencies up to 450 000 plates/m. The intra‐ and inter‐day repeatabilities of the coating referring to the migration times of the four tested proteins were satisfactory with RSD of no more than 1.1 and 1.8% (n=5), respectively. Two hundred consecutive runs were performed with negligible change in migration times and efficiency.
CE coupled to MALDI with novel covalently coated capillaries
Authors: Bachmann Stefan , Vallant Rainer , Bakry Rania , Huck Christian W. , Corradini Danilo , Bonn Günther K. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractCE offers the advantage of flexibility and method development options. It excels in the area of separation of ions, chiral, polar and biological compounds (especially proteins and peptides). Masking the active sites on the inner surface of a bare fused silica capillary wall is often necessary for CE separations of basic compounds, proteins and peptides. The use of capillary surface coating is one of the approaches to prevent the adsorption phenomena and improve the repeatability of migration times and peak areas of these analytes. In this study, new capillary coatings consisting of (i) derivatized polystyrene nanoparticles and (ii) derivatized fullerenes were investigated for the analysis of peptides and protein digest by CE. The coated capillaries showed excellent run‐to‐run and batch‐to‐batch reproducibility (RSD of migration time ≤0.5% for run‐to‐run and ≤9.5% for batch‐to‐batch experiments). Furthermore, the capillaries offer high stability from pH 2.0 to 10.0. The actual potential of the coated capillaries was tested by combining CE with MALDI‐MS for analysing complex samples, such as peptides, whereas the overall performance of the CE‐MALDI‐MS system was investigated by analysing a five‐protein digest mixture. Subsequently, the peak list (peptide mass fingerprint) generated from the mass spectra of each fraction was entered into the Swiss‐Prot database in order to search for matching tryptic fragments using the MASCOT software. The sequence coverage of analysed proteins was between 36 and 68%. The established technology benefits from the synergism of high separation efficiency and the structure selective identification via MS.
Differential effects of semantic processing on memory encoding
Authors: Fliessbach Klaus , Buerger Corinna , Trautner Peter , Elger Christian E. , Weber Bernd 
Published: February 2010

AbstractDeeper semantic processing of words leads to enhanced memory encoding (depth of processing effect). The left inferior prefrontal cortex (LIPC) and the left hippocampus are known to be involved in this effect. We tested the hypothesis that different semantic encoding processes contribute qualitatively differently to memory encoding. In a memory experiment using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we compared three different encoding tasks: a nonsemantic alphabetical, an animacy decision, and a size comparison tasks. Recognition memory was tested subsequently. We hypothesized that the size comparison task would activate brain areas involved in the processing of object features and that this would be associated with successful memory encoding. Results showed that the size comparison task led to significantly better memory encoding than the two other tasks. As with the animacy decision task, it led to stronger activation of the LIPC and left hippocampus than the nonsemantic task. Both regions also had stronger activations for later remembered than for nonremembered words. The size comparison task additionally led to stronger activation in the left anterior fusiform gyrus, which was also associated with successful memory encoding. We conclude that different types of semantic processing affect memory encoding based on distinguishable brain processes. Hum Brain Mapp, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fronto‐cingulate effective connectivity in obsessive compulsive disorder: A study with fMRI and dynamic causal modeling
Authors: Schlösser Ralf G.M. , Wagner Gerd , Schachtzabel Claudia , Peikert Gregor , Koch Kathrin , Reichenbach Juergen R. , Sauer Heinrich 
Published: February 2010

AbstractEvidence suggests that obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is associated with an overactive error control system. A key role in error detection and control has been ascribed to the fronto‐cingulate system. However, the exact functional interplay between the single components of this network in OCD is largely unknown. Therefore, the present study combined a univariate data analysis and effective connectivity analysis using dynamic causal modeling (DCM) to examine error control in 21 patients with OCD and 21 matched healthy controls. All subjects performed an adapted version of the Stroop color‐word task while undergoing fMRI scans. Enhanced activation in the fronto‐cingulate system could be detected in OCD patients during the incongruent task condition. Additionally, task‐related modulation of effective connectivity from the dorsal ACC to left DLPFC was significantly stronger in OCD patients. These findings are consistent with an overactive error control system in OCD subserving suppression of prepotent responses during decision‐making. Hum Brain Mapp, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.