bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gut microbiota dysbiosis in hyperuricaemia promotes renal injury through the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome
Authors: Zhou Xinghong , Ji Shuai , Chen Liqian , Liu Xiaoyu , Deng Yijian , You Yanting , Wang Ming , He Qiuxing , Peng Baizhao , Yang Ying , Chen Xiaohu , Kwan Hiu Yee , Zhou Lin , Chen Jieyu , Zhao Xiaoshan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
The prevalence of hyperuricaemia (HUA), a metabolic disorder characterized by elevated levels of uric acid, is on the rise and is frequently associated with renal injury. Gut microbiota and gut-derived uremic toxins are critical mediators in the gut-kidney axis that can cause damage to kidney function. Gut dysbiosis has been implicated in various kidney diseases. However, the role and underlying mechanism of the gut microbiota in HUA-induced renal injury remain unknown.

Results
A HUA rat model was first established by knocking out the uricase (UOX). HUA rats exhibited apparent renal dysfunction, renal tubular injury, fibrosis, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and impaired intestinal barrier functions. Analysis of 16S rRNA sequencing and functional prediction data revealed an abnormal gut microbiota profile and activation of pathways associated with uremic toxin production. A metabolomic analysis showed evident accumulation of gut-derived uremic toxins in the kidneys of HUA rats. Furthermore, faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) was performed to confirm the effects of HUA-induced gut dysbiosis on renal injury. Mice recolonized with HUA microbiota exhibited severe renal injury and impaired intestinal barrier functions following renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) surgery. Notably, in NLRP3-knockout (NLRP3−/−) I/R mice, the deleterious effects of the HUA microbiota on renal injury and the intestinal barrier were eliminated.

Conclusion
Our results demonstrate that HUA-induced gut dysbiosis contributes to the development of renal injury, possibly by promoting the production of gut-derived uremic toxins and subsequently activating the NLRP3 inflammasome. Our data suggest a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of renal diseases by targeting the gut microbiota and the NLRP3 inflammasome.

Graphical Abstract
A multi-institutional series of a novel, recurrent TRIM24::MET fusion-driven infant-type hemispheric glioma reveals significant clinico-pathological heterogeneity
Authors: Gorodezki David , Chiang Jason , Viaene Angela N. , Sievers Philipp , Schmid Simone , Holzer Ursula , Paulsen Frank , Schuhmann Martin U. , Witt Olaf , Schittenhelm Jens , Ebinger Martin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWithin the past decade, incremental integration of molecular characteristics into the classification of central nervous system neoplasms increasingly facilitated precise diagnosis and advanced stratification, beyond potentially providing the foundation for advanced targeted therapies. We report a series of three cases of infant-type hemispheric glioma (IHG) involving three infants diagnosed with neuroepithelial tumors of the cerebral hemispheres harboring a novel, recurrent TRIM24::MET fusion. Histopathology showed glial tumors with either low-grade or high-grade characteristics, while molecular characterization found an additional homozygous CDKN2A/B deletion in two cases. Two patients showed leptomeningeal dissemination, while multiple supra- and infratentorial tumor manifestations were found in one case. Following subtotal resection (two cases) and biopsy (one case), treatment intensity of adjuvant chemotherapy regimens did not reflect in the progression patterns within the reported cases. Two patients showed progression after first-line treatment, of which one patient died not responding to tyrosine kinase inhibitor cabozantinib. As the detection of a recurrent TRIM24::MET fusion expands the spectrum of renowned driving fusion genes in IHG, this comparative illustration may indicate a distinct clinico-pathological heterogeneity of tumors bearing this driver alteration. Upfront clinical trials of IHG promoting further characterization and the implementation of individualized therapies involving receptor tyrosine kinase inhibition are required.
snRNA-seq of human cutaneous neurofibromas before and after selumetinib treatment implicates role of altered Schwann cell states, inter-cellular signaling, and extracellular matrix in treatment response
Authors: Church Cameron , Fay Christian X. , Kriukov Emil , Liu Hui , Cannon Ashley , Baldwin Lauren Ashley , Crossman David K. , Korf Bruce , Wallace Margaret R. , Gross Andrea M. , Widemann Brigitte C. , Kesterson Robert A. , Baranov Petr , Wallis Deeann 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNeurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) is caused by loss of function variants in the NF1 gene. Most patients with NF1 develop skin lesions called cutaneous neurofibromas (cNFs). Currently the only approved therapeutic for NF1 is selumetinib, a mitogen -activated protein kinase (MEK) inhibitor. The purpose of this study was to analyze the transcriptome of cNF tumors before and on selumetinib treatment to understand both tumor composition and response. We obtained biopsy sets of tumors both pre- and on- selumetinib treatment from the same individuals and were able to collect sets from four separate individuals. We sequenced mRNA from 5844 nuclei and identified 30,442 genes in the untreated group and sequenced 5701 nuclei and identified 30,127 genes in the selumetinib treated group. We identified and quantified distinct populations of cells (Schwann cells, fibroblasts, pericytes, myeloid cells, melanocytes, keratinocytes, and two populations of endothelial cells). While we anticipated that cell proportions might change with treatment, we did not identify any one cell population that changed significantly, likely due to an inherent level of variability between tumors. We also evaluated differential gene expression based on drug treatment in each cell type. Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) was also used to identify pathways that differ on treatment. As anticipated, we identified a significant decrease in ERK/MAPK signaling in cells including Schwann cells but most specifically in myeloid cells. Interestingly, there is a significant decrease in opioid signaling in myeloid and endothelial cells; this downward trend is also observed in Schwann cells and fibroblasts. Cell communication was assessed by RNA velocity, Scriabin, and CellChat analyses which indicated that Schwann cells and fibroblasts have dramatically altered cell states defined by specific gene expression signatures following treatment (RNA velocity). There are dramatic changes in receptor-ligand pairs following treatment (Scriabin), and robust intercellular signaling between virtually all cell types associated with extracellular matrix (ECM) pathways (Collagen, Laminin, Fibronectin, and Nectin) is downregulated after treatment. These response specific gene signatures and interaction pathways could provide clues for understanding treatment outcomes or inform future therapies.
Online peer editing: the influence of comments, tracked changes and perception of participation on students’ writing performance
Authors: Shulgina Galina , Costley Jamie , Shcheglova Irina , Zhang Han , Sedova Natalya 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWhile peer-editing is considered an important part of developing students’ academic writing, questions remain about how different types of peer-editing affect subsequent student performance. The present study looked at a group of university students (N = 149) engaged in peer editing of one another’s essays in an online security studies course. The analysis was conducted from two perspectives: feedback givers and feedback receivers. More specifically, the relationships between the giving of comments and tracking changes in peer’s work and writing score on essays were explored. The results showed that there was a positive correlation between the total number of received comments and the student's writing score, whereas there was no correlation for the number of tracked changes (neither words deleted, nor words added). Surprisingly, students who assume that peers provide high quality tracked changes demonstrate worse writing performance. This research shows the importance of nuance in understanding peer editing types and their influence on students’ performance, as well as highlighting potential complexities of the interplay between students’ collaborative activities, their performance, and their attitudes.
Sedimentary evolution pattern influenced by sequence stratigraphy: a case study of the Nanpu Sag, Bohai Bay Basin, China
Authors: Sun Zhongqiang , Lin Shuangyue , Wang Guangqun , Liu Longlong , Wang Mengqi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIdentifying and characterizing sedimentary evolution patterns are crucial for assessing the distributions of source and reservoir rocks, which are fundamental to hydrocarbon exploration. This study analyzed the stratigraphic sequence, lithological characteristics, sedimentary lithofacies, individual well sedimentary sequences, and seismic reflection properties. The analysis revealed six fourth-order sequences, including progradational and regressive sequences, indicative of water level changes. The sediment sources for the second and third sub-members of the Eocene Shahejie Formation's third member (Es32+3) in the Nanpu Sag were identified as the Baigezhuang and Xinanzhuang Uplifts. Predominantly, the sandstones are lithic arkose and feldspathic litharenite, both of which exhibit low compositional and structural maturity. Notably, 22 lithofacies and 8 lithofacies associations suggest fan delta processes. This study identified three fundamental seismic reflection package reflection types. These lithofacies associations, sedimentary sequences, and seismic reflections serve as critical indicators for determining sedimentary environments. The results from the sedimentary facies analysis indicate that the Es32+3 Formation developed fan delta deposits, controlled by the sequence of the sedimentary evolution pattern. The potential of these fan delta sediments to form oil and gas reservoirs is significant. Therefore, precise characterization of the sedimentary evolution pattern is essential for a comprehensive understanding of basin dynamics and hydrocarbon potential.
Solar activity dependence for the relationship between nighttime medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbance and sporadic E (Es) layer activities in summer during 1998–2019 over Japan
Authors: Maheswaran Veera Kumar , Otsuka Yuichi , Baskaradas James A. , Devanaboyina Venkata Ratnam , Subramanian Sriram , Shinbori Atsuki , Sori Takuya , Nishioka Michi , Perwitasari Septi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTo investigate solar activity dependence of the coupling between medium-scale traveling ionosphere disturbance (MSTID) and sporadic E (Es) layer, we analyzed the total electron content (TEC) obtained from a Japanese global positioning system (GPS) receivers and ionosonde at Kokubunji (35.7° N, 139.5° E) in Japan during the summer period of May–August from 1998 to 2019. To obtain perturbation TEC caused by MSTIDs, the detrended TEC is calculated by subtracting 1-h moving averages from the measured TEC for each pair of GPS satellite and receiver. The detrended TEC data are mapped on to the geographical coordinates to make detrended 2-D maps with spatial resolution of 0.15° × 0.15° in longitude and latitude. The MSTID activity is defined as a ratio of the standard deviation to the background TEC over Kokubunji in Japan. Day-to-day variations of the MSTID activity during summer nights was compared to Es layer parameters [critical frequency ($${f}_{o}Es$$

f
o

E
s

) and $${\Delta f}_{o-b}\equiv {f}_{o}Es-{f}_{b}E$$

Δ
f

o
-
b

≡

f
o

E
s
-

f
b

E

, where $${f}_{{\text{b}}}Es$$

f
b

E
s

is blanketing frequency] derived from ionosonde station at Kokubunji. We have found that the correlation coefficient between the MSTID activity and $${f}_{o}Es$$

f
o

E
s

($${\Delta f}_{o-b}$$

Δ
f

o
-
b

) between 1998 and 2019 is 0.5 3 (0.46) on average, suggesting that there is an electrodynamical coupling between the Es layer and F region could generate nighttime MSTIDs. We also have found that the correlation coefficient positively correlates with solar activity. This finding indicates that in the high solar activity conditions, when the growth rate of Perkins instability is relatively low, generation of the polarization electric fields in the $$Es$$

Es

layer could play a more important role to grow MSTIDs than in the low solar activity conditions.
Graphical Abstract
Evaluation of starch granules based on hydroxypropylcellulose as a substitute for excipient lactose
Authors: Yoshikawa Tomohiro , Okamoto Hiroyo , Takeuchi Kenta , Hirata Atsushi , Otake Hiroko , Nagai Noriaki 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
The improvement in flowability and adhesion of starch powder (SP) is essential for using starch as an excipient for lactose intolerant patients. In this study, we attempted to evaluate the usefulness of hydroxypropylcellulose with molecular weight 80,000 (HPC-80) in the preparation of the starch granules (SG) as a substitute for excipient lactose.

Methods
Hydroxypropylcellulose with molecular weight 30,000 (HPC-30) and HPC-80 were used as binders to prepare the SG, and defined as HPC-30-SG and HPC-80-SG, respectively. Mean particle size (D50) was measured according to the Method, Optical Microscopy of Particle Size Determination in Japanese Pharmacopoeia, Eighteenth Edition, and storage stability were evaluated by measuring of the physical properties after vortexing the granules for 180 s (physical impact). The product loss rate was calculated from the weight change of the various excipients before and after the one dose packaging (ODP).

Results
The D50 of SP (30 µm) was smaller than that of the lactose powder (115 µm). The granulation with 0.75–3% HPC-30 and HPC-80 increased the particle size of SP, and the D50 in 1.5% HPC-30-SG (255 µm) and HPC-80-SG (220 µm) were higher than that of lactose. The excipient was removed from the heat seal of the ODP, and upon visual inspection, a large amount of starchy material was observed to be adhering to the paper in the SP. On the other hand, the low recovery rate in SP was attenuated by the granulation with HPC-30 and HPC-80. In the both HPC-30 and HPC-80, the improvement in recovery rate reached a plateau at 1.5%, and the levels of recovery rate was similar to that of lactose. The recovery rate in the 0.75–3% HPC-30-SG and 0.75% HPC-80-SG were decreased by the physical impact, however, the recovery rate and amount of 1.5% and 3% HPC-80-SG were not affected by the physical impact, and these levels were similar to that of lactose.

Conclusions
The use of HPC-80 as a binder of SG was found to produce a higher quality granule product than conventional HPC-based SG. This finding is useful in streamlining the preparation of starch-based powdered medicine in clinical applications.
A case of successful management for spontaneous rupture of paraganglioma treated with preoperative transcatheter arterial embolization
Authors: Nakagawa Masataka , Tanimine Naoki , Sakai Hiroshi , Nakano Ryosuke , Kuroda Shintaro , Ohira Masahiro , Tahara Hiroyuki , Ide Kentaro , Kobayashi Tsuyoshi , Arihiro Kouji , Ohdan Hideki 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Tumors arising from catecholamine-producing chromophil cells in paraganglia are termed paragangliomas (PGLs), which biologically resemble pheochromocytomas (PCCs) that arise from the adrenal glands. Spontaneous rupture of a PGL is rare and can be fatal. Although elective surgery for ruptured PCCs after transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) has been shown to provide good outcomes, the efficacy of TAE pretreatment for ruptured PGL remains unknown.

Case presentation
A 65-year-old female with hypertension and tachycardia was diagnosed with a 3-cm PGL located behind the inferior vena cava. The patient was scheduled to undergo an elective surgery with antihypertensive therapy. However, she presented with a chief complaint of abdominal pain and was diagnosed with intratumoral hemorrhage. Urgent TAE was performed that successfully achieved hemorrhage control. After TAE, serum levels of both epinephrine and norepinephrine were within the normal range. Abdominal computed tomography revealed resolving retroperitoneal hematoma. Elective open surgery was performed without significant intraoperative bleeding or fluctuations in blood pressure.

Conclusion
We report a case of successful preoperative TAE for functional PGL to control intraoperative blood pressure fluctuations and bleeding. Preoperative TAE could be a useful procedure for the surgical preparation of functional PGL, including unruptured cases.
A case of endoscopic submucosal dissection of esophageal acantholytic Paget’s disease with discontinuously spreading and unclear neoplastic extension
Authors: Satomi Hidetoshi , Ishiguro Shingo , Murayama Sei , Kanesaka Takashi , Michida Tomoki , Ishihara Ryu , Honma Keiichiro 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Paget's disease (PD) is a carcinoma, in which irregular atypical cells with abundant cytoplasm proliferate mainly within the epithelium and is classified into PD occurring in the breast and extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD) occurring outside the breast. Essentially, extramammary PD is reported as a tumor for which it is difficult for surgeons to properly determine the line of resection.

Case presentation
An 83-year-old male was admitted to our hospital because of roughness of the esophageal epithelium during the follow-up examination for a gastric ulcer. A preoperative biopsy revealed squamous cell carcinoma; therefore, endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) was performed.

Conclusions
The characteristic feature in this patient was the distribution of tumor cells and, accordingly, the difficulty in identifying the neoplastic distribution. In this patient, the odd distribution and growth pattern of the tumor cells made it difficult for the operator to identify the distribution of the lesion preoperatively.
Intestinal obstruction secondary to perforation of Meckel’s diverticulum caused by dentures: a case report and review of literature
Authors: Tian Gaoyuan , Yuan Zefeng , Luo Ming , Zhang Yujin , Kong Bin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Meckel’s diverticulum (MD) is the most common congenital abnormality of the gastrointestinal tract. However, MD is rare in clinical practice, and perforation of a MD by a foreign body is even rarer. Preoperative diagnosis is difficult because there is often insufficient information; therefore it is usually diagnosed intraoperatively. Although rare, it should be considered as a differential diagnosis in patients who have ingested foreign bodies.

Case presentation
The following is the case of a 52-year-old female patient who was admitted because of generalized abdominal pain for 5 days, related to nausea and vomiting. She also stopped passing gas. Inflammatory indicators were elevated, and computed tomography (CT) revealed gas–liquid levels in the small intestine and high-density objects in the ileum. Based on the patient’s condition, laparotomy was performed instead because the laparoscopic procedure was difficult to perform. Intraoperatively, a foreign body perforated the diverticulum of the terminal ileum, resulting in the development of an abdominal abscess. Finally, we performed resection of the ileal diverticula and partial resection of the ileum. After the surgery, it was confirmed that the foreign bodies were two dentures accidentally eaten by the patient.

Conclusion
A thorough understanding of the clinical presentation, imaging features, and treatment of MD and its complications will assist clinicians in making prompt and accurate diagnoses and providing symptomatic treatment.
Epidemiology of Non-Contact Muscle Injuries in the Italian Male Elite Under-19 Football (Soccer) Championship
Authors: Magistrali Massimo , Stefanini Luca , Abate Michele , Biancalana Giulio , Stegagno Andrea , Cugia Paolo , Candoli Piero , Anania Giuseppe , Lucchese Pier Luigi , Gaddi Diego , Volpi Piero , Mariani Francesco , Boldrini Lorenzo , Filippi Nicola , Cerrone Annunziata , Sirtori Cristiano , Battaglino Paolo , Bravin Guido , Del Fabro Emilio , Berti Mattia , Vecchini Eugenio , Minetto Marco A. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
While extensive research exists on muscle injuries among adult football players, a notable gap persists in studies concerning younger footballers. The aim of the current study is to provide epidemiological data on the characteristics of time-loss muscle injuries in young football players participating in the Italian Under-19 male elite Championship (“Primavera 1”).

Results
Conducted as a multicentre, prospective, observational cohort study, this research gathered injury data from the 2022-23 season across 14 of the 18 Clubs in the first Italian Under-19 championship. The cohort comprised 391 players with a mean age (± standard deviation) of 18.0 ± 0.4 years. A total of 479 injuries were reported, resulting in 14,231 days of activity lost. Of these, muscle injuries were 209 (44%), accounting for 4,519 (32%) days lost. Overall muscle injuries incidence was 1.82/1000 hours, with a mean injury burden of 39.4 days lost/1000 hours. Almost all muscle injuries (206 out of 209: 98.5%) occurred in hamstrings, quadriceps, adductors, calf and iliopsoas. Hamstrings injuries were the most burdensome (18.8 days lost/1000 hours) accounting for nearly half of all days lost due to muscle injuries. Incidence and burden of adductors injuries (0.25 injuries and 4.1 days lost/1000 hours, respectively) were found to be comparable to calf injuries (0.24 injuries and 4.7 days lost/1000 hours, respectively). Iliopsoas injuries accounted for a noteworthy portion of the total, with an injury incidence of 0.16/1000 hours and a burden of 3.3 days lost/1000 hours. Injuries with myo-tendinous or myo-aponeurotic involvement demonstrated delayed return-to-football compared to those without such involvement (35.6 vs. 18.5 days, p < 0.0001).

Conclusions
The study highlighted a peculiar distribution of non-contact muscle injuries among elite young football players. While hamstring injuries were confirmed as the most burdensome, incidence and burden of adductors and calf injuries were found to be similar. A significant incidence and burden of iliopsoas injuries were observed. These findings suggest potential implementations for targeted injury prevention strategies in the Italian male elite Under-19 football Championship.