bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Wel iet wat verschelende, maar zó niet óf elck verstaat ander zeer
wel”
Authors: de Vos Machteld , Vogl Ulrike 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This paper delves into language differentiation in the 16th and
17th-century Low Countries, focusing on how vernacular languages were labeled
and framed in grammatical descriptions. We examine both monolingual grammars as
well as grammatical descriptions in multilingual textbooks for foreign language
learners. By comparing these two corpora, we gain insights into the differences
between monolingual and multilingual approaches to language differentiation and
uncover language ideologies that shaped the Language-Making process during this
early stage of standard languages. An example of language differentiation is the
evolving relation between ‘Dutch’ and ‘German’. In the monolingual grammars,
Dutch is explicitly positioned along the lines of an ‘ours’ versus a ‘theirs’,
but what is considered ‘ours’ differs between the grammars and changes over
time. In the multilingual textbooks, the direct juxtaposition between Dutch and
German on the title page leads to distinct labels (‘Nederduits’ vs. ‘Hoogduits’)
whereas there is no consistent distinction in the body of these textbooks until
the late 17th century. Overall, we conclude that a ‘Dutch language’ was
certainly being ‘made’ during this period, in name and in reference to other
vernacular languages. However, its boundaries were still fuzzy, reflecting the
multilingual reality of the early modern Low Countries.
“Well-educated people speak English,but better educated people speak Frenchas well”
Authors: Tielemans Leyla 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
With the possibility to enroll in courses in nineteen different languages, the free university of Brussels (ULB)
has opted for a linguistic offer that reflects the city’s highly multilingual character. In the faculty of languages and
literature, students interact in and with multiple languages on a daily basis. In a study which interrogated these students on
their linguistic representations, representations related to prestige were shown to be an important part of the collected
responses. This paper aims to provide an overview of the different manifestations and interpretations of the ‘language of
prestige’ linguistic representation in this sample of participants regarding the languages taught at the faculty. It also explores
various implications that this representation has for language learning, as well as questions raised by the possible
interpretative bias of the researcher trying to observe and study linguistic representations. In addition, this paper written in
English relating research conducted in French addresses the issue of ‘epistemological translation’ and the challenges it
poses.
Some ‘circulating’ doxic ideas about multilingualism in French-speaking schools
Authors: Meunier Deborah 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Despite the inclusive nature of recent educational reforms in French-speaking Belgium, few teachers implement
multilingual approaches in their classrooms. On the contrary, the education system perpetuates a monolingual doxa by ignoring the
home languages of newcomer or immigrant pupils, or even by prohibiting the use of these languages in school. We propose a
discursive analysis of some ‘circulating’ doxic ideas (Charaudeau 1997; Paveau 1999) in the school environment: multilingualism is often associated with images
of mixing, confusion or degeneration; didactic gestures are based on stereotyped student figures (so-called ‘vulnerable’, ‘eager’
students) which reproduce a homogeneous and (de)classifying discourse; the deficient vision of the pupils’ language skills serves
the argumentation in a doxic causality where the explanation of cause (such as the pupils’ bilingualism) to effect (their poor
school performance) is based on authoritative discourses with evidential value. The data analyzed are based on semi-structured
interviews and informal exchanges with secondary school teachers in French-speaking Belgium.
From conceptual to literary metaphors
Authors: Porto M. Dolores 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
It is generally agreed that literary metaphors are produced and interpreted by using the same strategies as more
conventional, ordinary metaphorical expressions (George Lakoff & Mark Turner 1989; Zoltán
Kövecses 2010). However, the aesthetic experience of reading metaphors in literature is a complex phenomenon that
remains only partially explained. This paper aims at contributing to the study of the cognitive mechanisms that allow the
aesthetic experience when reading poetic metaphors. For this purpose, after a short review of previous research on literary
metaphors in the Cognitive Linguistic framework, the main tenets of Neuroaesthetics (Semir
Zeki 2001; Vilayanur Ramachandran 2003), an emerging empirical discipline,
are presented as referred to the study of visual art. Then, the insights from both fields are compared and applied to the study of
metaphors. Results show significant coincidences as empirical research in neuroscience seem to confirm the theories and hypotheses
posed by cognitive linguists, as for the way in which the emotional response to poetic metaphors is elicited.
Conceptualizing the Covid-19 pandemic through similes
Authors: Romano Manuela , Cuenca Maria Josep 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The new and shocking situation caused by the Covid-19 pandemic stimulated the analysis of its impact in
discourse. Discourse analysts have concentrated on the use of metaphor to create specific conceptualizations of the disease aimed
at communicating the events and developments while influencing public opinion. Similes have been given less attention but are
equally telling when it comes to the conceptualization of the pandemic. In this paper we analyze a corpus of English and Spanish
similes (about 100 examples from each language) where (corona)virus is the target. The examples were searched for
on the Internet and cover a two-year period, from March 2020 to February 2022. The sources, mappings, and conceptual domains of
the Covid-19 similes are analyzed in order to describe how the pandemic is conceptualized through the use of
‘(corona)virus is like X’ similes. The coronavirus similes are classified according to three main domains,
namely, natural forces and disasters, confrontation (including war), and arts and entertainment
(including sports). Each domain conceptualizes the situation in different ways (so that citizens are presented as
victims, fighters, experiencers, members of a team, etc.). Interestingly, there are many creative similes that cannot be
classified into any general well-established domains and can only be accounted for by considering less conventional and more
creative, culture-specific frames. The paper also analyzes the use of similes diachronically trying to uncover any evolution
patterns in terms of frequency or domains in the two-year period analyzed.
Assessing pronunciation using dictation tools
Authors: Johnson Carol , Cardoso Walcir , Zuercher Beau , Brannen Kathleen , Springer Suzanne 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Language institutions need efficient and reliable placement tests to ensure students are placed in appropriate classes.
This can be achieved by automating the scoring of pronunciation tests via the use of speech recognition, as its reliability has been shown
to be comparable to that of human raters. However, this technology can be costly as it requires development and maintenance, placing it
beyond the means of many institutions. This study investigates the feasibility of assessing English second language pronunciation in
placement tests through the use of a free automatic speech recognition tool, Google Voice Typing (GVT). We compared human-rated and
GVT-rated scores of 56 pronunciation placement tests. Our results indicate a strong correlation between scores for the final rating and for
each criterion on the rubric used by human raters. We conclude that leveraging this free speech technology could increase the test
usefulness of language placement tests.
Measuring language use for pronunciation research
Authors: Zawadzki Zoë , Levis John 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This editorial provides an overview of how language use has been measured in second language acquisition (SLA)
research and how it can be implemented in studies on pronunciation. The use of surveys and questionnaires, self-reports, and other
methods is discussed along with the limitations of these current methods and recommendations. Measuring language use reliably can
be challenging, but implementing and adapting current methods can help make it easier.
Discontinuous past interpretation in Abaza
Authors: Klyagina Evgenia 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Abaza (Northwest Caucasian) has two perfective tenses which mark events in the past. In single clauses, however,
one of them has a discontinuous interpretation. Recently, it has been argued that at least in some languages a discontinuous
interpretation of past forms is a pragmatical implicature rather than a part of the encoded meaning. The aim of the paper is to
describe the functions of the Abaza perfective past tenses and investigate the origin of the discontinuous interpretation in
Abaza. Special attention is paid to the distribution of two tenses in various types of finite and non-finite clauses. The data
show that there is no obligatory discontinuous interpretation in the syntactic environments where only one of the tenses can be
used. However, the discontinuous interpretation does arise if two tenses compete with each other. Thus, the discontinuous
implicature in Abaza can be considered a pragmatical implicature.
Pulsed power supply of Tr-RC and Tr-RLC topologies for improvement of micro electrical discharge machining
Authors: Cao Peiyao , Li Yong , Tong Hao , Li Baoquan , Yu Feng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Pulsed power supply is one of the key technologies in micro-electrical discharge machining (micro-EDM), particularly in machining micro-holes with high aspect ratios. Through the disadvantageous waveform feature analysis of the controllable RC pulsed power supply with random interpulse voltage, insufficient capacitor charging, and uncontrolled reversed fluctuations, an improved Tr-RC pulsed power supply with a promoted function is proposed. Discharge pulses with high power density have the potential to synchronously improve machining efficiency and accuracy. Increasing the discharge peak current by optimizing the pulsed-power topology is a feasible means of improving the power density. A pulsed power supply of the Tr-RLC topology introducing an inductor-controlled branch according to Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction was further proposed based on the improved Tr-RC pulsed power structure. The discharge waveforms of Tr-RLC pulsed power supply achieve an average peak current of 1.3 A with inductance of 20 μH, compared to 0.5 A with Tr-RC pulsed power supply. For machining micro-holes with aspect ratios of 10:1, 20:1, and 30:1, the Tr-RLC pulsed power supply exhibited an efficiency improvement of 25%, 22%, and 17%, respectively, with reduced taper error and a slight decrease in tool wear rate compared to the Tr-RC pulsed power supply.
Improving luminescence response in ZnGeN2/GaN superlattices: defect reduction through composition control
Authors: Miller Moira K , Diercks David , Brooks Tellekamp M 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Color-mixed (cm) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are theoretically the most efficient white light emitters, projected to improve white light luminous efficacy by 34% compared to incumbent phosphor converted LEDs. Since white light technology is pervasive and essential, small improvements in LED technology can result in energy savings. However, cm-LEDs are not yet realized due to poor efficacy in green and amber emitting materials, a spectral region colloquially referred to as the Green Gap. ZnGeN2 is nearly isostructural and closely lattice-matched to GaN and can be heteroepitaxially integrated with existing GaN devices; ZnGeN2/GaN hybrid structures are theorized to emit green (~530 nn) light with a spontaneous emission rate 4.6–4.9 times higher than traditional InGaN LEDs when incorporated into III-N LED structures. In this report we demonstrate the molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) growth of GaN and ZnGeN2 superlattices, an important step towards realizing multiple quantum well structures required for efficient LEDs. Elemental analysis, including atom probe tomography, shows that Ga and Ge are observed in both ZnGeN2 and GaN layers, degrading the structural uniformity. The lack of elemental abruptness also leads to increased defect luminescence and reabsorption of band edge luminescence. The source of unintentional Ga distributed throughout the ZnGeN2 layers was identified as excess flux escaping from around the closed MBE shutter. The source of unintentional Ge, which tended to incorporate as a single delta-doped layer in GaN, was identified as Ge riding along the cyclical metal-rich Ga adlayer used for high quality GaN, incorporating during subsequent nitrogen-rich growth step. Modifying the growth strategy results in improved structural quality, elemental abruptness, and luminescence response. This realization of structurally and elementally abrupt interfaces demonstrates the potential of heteroepitaxially integrated binary and ternary nitrides for energy-relevant devices.
A comprehensive review on health monitoring of joints in steel structures
Authors: Naresh Maloth , Kumar Vimal , Pal Joy , Sikdar Shirsendu , Banerjee Sauvik , Banerji Pradipta 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSteel-framed structures find extensive application in civil engineering projects, including buildings, bridges, and towers, due to their dependable material characteristics, expeditious construction capabilities, and cost-efficiency. In such structures, beams and columns are interconnected through either welding or bolting methods. However, it is imperative to recognize that joints represent the critical areas susceptible to damage stemming from a variety of factors, both human-induced and environmental, in addition to the effects of aging. Over the past few decades, substantial attention has been dedicated to the field of Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) at the joints of steel structures. This study seeks to comprehensively evaluate various methods employed for SHM at the joints of steel structures, encompassing both bolted and welded connections. While there have been numerous prior review studies that focus on localized and vibration-based techniques for detecting damage at these joints, there is a conspicuous absence of research covering the amalgamation of localized and global approaches across diverse steel structure types. This review paper addresses this gap by offering a thorough examination, incorporating the most recent applications of SHM methodologies employed in research and practical contexts for joint damage detection. Furthermore, it serves as a valuable resource for professionals, engineers, and academics engaged in civil structure design, construction, and maintenance.
Thermal buckling analysis of nano composite laminated and sandwich beams based on a refined nonlocal zigzag model
Authors: Yang Wanli , Jiang Shan , He Dan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
A refined nonlocal zigzag model for thermal buckling analysis of nano composite laminated and sandwich beams is proposed in this study based on a refined zigzag theory and Eringen’s nonlocal theory. Firstly, present model satisfies the stress-free and continuity conditions a priori by introducing the piecewise-linear zigzag functions and a preprocessing, such that the transverse shear correction factors are not needed. In the preprocessing, accurate and continuous transverse shear stresses are obtained with the aid of the general mixed variational principle, which can be solved simultaneously with other stresses in the governing equations. This is quite different from the previous post-processing. Subsequently, thermal buckling problems of nano composite laminated and sandwich beams are analytically solved in simply supported boundary conditions. The degenerated results without small effect indicate that the non-dimensional critical loads and critical temperatures have a good agreement with the 3D elasticity solutions and previous results, which demonstrate the accuracy and reliability of present model. Moreover, it is observed that the small effect of the critical temperatures can be effectively captured by Eringen’s differential constitutive law (EDCL), which shows the small effect decreases the critical temperature by weakening the stiffness of the beam. Finally, the effects of different thermal expansion coefficients, laminations, geometric sizes and beam theories are discussed. The results show that present model is robust in the arbitrary layouts for both of composite and sandwich structures, which may have some referential significance to Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) sensors and actuators.
Nonreciprocity of spin waves by chiral fluctuations induced in the conical state
Authors: Ma Leikai , Xue Jijun , Hu Shixin , Wang Xiaoying , Pang Hua 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Nonreciprocity in chiral magnets is promising for applications in chiral spintronics. Spin-wave nonreciprocity happens when applying an external magnetic field to a chiral magnet while a stream of particles parallel to the field flows through it. Here, we found through micromagnetic simulations that, in the absence of lattice chirality, the excitation spectra of spin waves in the conical magnetic state depend on the relative orientations of the spin-polarized current and the external magnetic field applied along the magnetic helix axis. When both are in the same direction, the spin component of the magnet along the helical axis increases with time while the chiral index decreases. Statistical analysis shows that the spin fluctuations are anisotropic, where the fluctuations along the helical axis have chiral characters as multi-modal, high-frequency, and low-intensity. We give an intuitive interpretation of these observations from the point of view of symmetry breaking and explore the factors affecting the nonreciprocity of the spin-wave spectrum, guiding experimental observations.
Tests of no-hair theorem with two binary black-hole coalescences
Authors: Li Song , Han Wen-Biao , Yang Shu-Cheng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Test of the no-hair theorem is the primary target with gravitational waves from binary black holes. In this paper, we analyze gravitational-wave data from the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA detection of binary black-hole mergers using the ΨFD model, which is a non-general relativity full waveform template for arbitrary axisymmetric black holes. By analyzing two high signal-noise-ratio events, GW150914 and GW200129_065458, the no-hair theorem is tested at a significance level of 95%, which is the best constraint until now. More events and further analysis are needed to investigate the suspected deviation from the Kerr scenario found in the special event.
Simulation of triggering and evolution of ELM by pellet injection in EAST under BOUT++ framework
Authors: Li Mao , Xia Tianyang , Sun Zhen , Chang Huayi , Sun Jizhong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
A BOUT ++ three-field magnetohydrodynamic model is employed to study the triggering and evolution of edge localized mode (ELM) by Li pellets injected along the outer mid-plane in the EAST configuration. The linear simulation shows that compared with a large deposition on the pedestal top (scenario I), a smaller deposition within the steep-gradient pedestal region (scenario II) can stimulate much larger linear growth rates of all-n peeling-ballooning modes (PBMs). The nonlinear simulation shows that there exists a pellet size threshold for ELM triggering for two deposition locations; the threshold for scenario I predicted in the present study matches the EAST observation well. Comparison of the two scenarios reveals that a smaller deposition is sufficient to trigger an ELM in a much shorter time in scenario II, whose ELM size is comparable to that in scenario I. This conclusion confirms previous DIII-D and ASDEX-Upgrade observations, suggesting that the steep-gradient pedestal region is a favorable deposition location for ELM triggering with minimum pellet size. Simulation analyses also find that the positive radial gradient of the hump-like pressure profile in the outer mid-plane induced by the pellet deposition plays a different role in the two scenarios. In scenario I, the force resulting from the gradient hinders the outflow of core plasmas and in return, the perturbation is suppressed from spreading inwards after ELM crashes. In scenario II, with a sizable deposition, the gradient results in another competitive perturbation growth region during the linear phase, thus dispersing the free energy and reducing the efficiency of destabilizing PBMs by pellet injection. The suppressing effect of saturated zonal flow on other modes, the short ELM fast crash phase, and the restricting transport effect of the positive radial pressure gradient work together to constrain the pedestal energy loss, especially when the pellet deposition amount is high.
One-pot and facile preparation of gold nanoparticles using glutaraldehyde as a reducing and stabilising agent for protein immobilisation
Authors: Ahangari Hossein , Majdi Hasan , Nazari Maryam , Hamishehkar Hamed , Ehsani Ali , Minami Tsuyoshi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have attractedthe interest of scientists owing to their unique applications in diverse fields. This study presents a report on the utilisation of glutaraldehyde (GA) as a reducing and stabilising agent for the one-pot preparation of AuNPs functionalised with GA (GA-AuNPs), designed specifically for the immobilisation of proteins. The preparation of stable GA-AuNPs has been systematically explored by varying the temperature, quantity of GAs, and pH. Subsequently, bovine serum albumin and horseradish peroxidase have been immobilised on the GA-AuNPs surface to demonstrate the versatility of GA-AuNPs. Dynamic light scattering results indicated that the prepared quasi-spherical GA-AuNPs exhibited a zeta potential of −31.2 ± 2.3 mV and had a size of 5.7 ± 0.5 nm. The advantages of this method include its simplicity at room temperature under approximately neutral pH conditions, elimination of the need for additional steps, and streamlining of the immobilisation process. These results emphasise that GA-AuNPs are promising candidates for effectively transporting proteins or enzymes across a diverse range of applications.