bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitative analysis of endoscopic endonasal approaches to the infratemporal fossa
Authors: Prosser J. Drew , Figueroa Ramon , Carrau Ricardo I. , Ong Yew Kwang , Solares C. Arturo 
Published: June 2011

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:The operative management of infratemporal skull base lesions is challenging. Expanded endonasal approaches to this area can decrease surgical morbidity. Access lateral to the natural nasal corridor can be achieved via a middle meatal antrostomy, medial maxillectomy complemented by a septotomy, or anteromedial maxillotomy (i.e., Denker's approach). We sought to compare the access to the infratemporal fossa offered by these endoscopic endonasal approaches.Study Design:Software‐enabled CT scan measurements.Methods:Axial CT scans obtained with submillimeter cuts through the skull base were examined. All calculations were performed on axial images obtained at the level of the sphenoid floor using Kodak Carestream Image Software (Rochester, NY) measuring tools.Results:Fifty sides were examined. A medial maxillectomy increased the exposure on average by 18.5 degrees (SD = 4.28), when compared to maxillary antrostomy. When we augmented the access with an ipsilateral Denker's approach, an additional 33.5 degrees (SD = 4.81) of exposure were obtained (P < .0001). The addition of a 1‐cm anteromedial maxillotomy accessed the entire posterior maxillary wall in 54% of cases. Equivalent access was obtained via a contralateral approach with a septotomy at 1.56 cm from the columella. To access the entire posterior maxillary wall the average anterior maxillotomy should be 1.1 cm (SD = 0.42). In contrast, to access the entire posterior maxillary wall using a contralateral approach the average septotomy position should be 1.52 cm (SD = 0.39) from the columella.Conclusions:This radioanatomic study provides objective support for the use of an ipsilateral Denker's approach to augment an endoscopic endonasal approach to the infratemporal fossa.
Genomewide linkage study of modifiers of LRRK2‐related Parkinson's disease
Authors: Latourelle Jeanne C. , Hendricks Audrey E. , Pankratz Nathan , Wilk Jemma B. , Halter Cheryl , Nichols William C. , Gusella James F. , Destefano Anita L. , Myers Richard H. , Foroud Tatiana ,   and the PSG–Progeni GenePD Investigators, Coordinators, and Molecular Genetic Laboratories
Published: June 2011

AbstractMutations in the leucine‐rich repeat kinase 2 gene, located at 12q12, are the most common known genetic causes of Parkinson's disease. Studies of leucine‐rich repeat kinase 2 mutation carriers have shown incomplete and age‐dependent penetrance, and previous studies have suggested that inherited susceptibility factors may modify the penetrance of leucine‐rich repeat kinase 2 mutations. Genomewide linkage to age of onset of leucine‐rich repeat kinase 2–related Parkinson's disease was evaluated in a sample of 113 leucine‐rich repeat kinase 2 mutation carriers from 64 families using single‐nucleotide polymorphism data from the Illumina HumanCNV370 genotyping array. Association between onset age and single‐nucleotide polymorphisms under suggestive linkage peaks was also evaluated. The top logarithmic odds score for onset age (logarithmic odds score = 2.43) was in the chromosome 1q32.1 region. Moderate linkage to onset was also identified at 16q12.1 (logarithmic odds score = 1.58). Examination of single‐nucleotide polymorphism association to Parkinson's disease onset under the linkage peaks revealed no statistically significant single‐nucleotide polymorphism associations. The 2 novel genomic regions identified may harbor modifiers of leucine‐rich repeat kinase 2–related Parkinson's disease onset age or penetrance, and further study of these regions may provide important insight into leucine‐rich repeat kinase 2–related Parkinson's disease. © 2011 Movement Disorder Society
Tremor during movement correlates well with disability in people with essential tremor
Authors: Norman Kathleen E. , D'Amboise Shauna N. , Pari Giovanna , Héroux Martin E. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractEssential tremor is the most common movement disorder, typically characterized by the presence of both postural and kinetic tremor of the hand. In recent studies, we described the effects of altering force and load conditions on tremor amplitude and power in people with essential tremor. In the same participants, we also measured tremor‐related functional disability. In this article we report on the current study on correlations of measures of tremor severity with those of tremor‐related functional disability. Twenty‐one participants with essential tremor had tremor measured in their more tremorous hand. Power spectral and amplitude measures of tremor were calculated for each of 16 conditions: force tremor at 4 submaximal force levels, postural tremor in unloaded and 3 submaximal load conditions, and kinetic tremor in unloaded and 3 submaximal load conditions for each of concentric and eccentric contractions of the wrist extensors. Participants were rated on the hand items of the Fahn‐Tolosa‐Marin rating scale and timed on the unilateral hand tasks of the Test Évaluant la Performance des Membres supérieurs des Personnes Âgées. The most consistently high and significant correlations were found between kinetic tremor measures and the hand task scores and tremor‐B scores (r = 0.548–0.780, P < .01). Postural tremor measures correlated with disability measures only in loaded conditions, most consistently with the hand task measures (r = 0.640–0.725, P < .01). Thus, measures of kinetic tremor and loaded postural tremor, but not unloaded postural tremor or force tremor, relate well to disability captured with dynamic tasks. © 2011 Movement Disorder Society
Long‐term efficacy and mortality in Parkinson's disease patients treated with subthalamic stimulation
Authors: Toft Mathias , Lilleeng Bård , Ramm‐Pettersen Jon , Skogseid Inger Marie , Gundersen Vidar , Gerdts Remo , Pedersen Lena , Skjelland Mona , Røste Geir Ketil , Dietrichs Espen 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackground:The objective of this study was to examine the clinical outcome and mortality of long‐term deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in advanced Parkinson's disease.Methods:We included all 144 patients (mean age, 60.3 years; mean disease duration, 11.0 years) treated in our center from 2001 to 2007.Results:Twelve months after surgery, the off‐medication Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale motor score was reduced by a mean of 53%, and the annual increase after surgery was 3.2 points. The daily dose of dopaminergic medication was reduced by a mean of 49% and increased only marginally during follow‐up. Twelve of the 144 patients died in the study period, including 2 suicides (1.4%). Survival was 97% after 3 years and 90% after 5 years.Conclusions:The study confirms the stable efficacy of long‐term subthalamic stimulation in selected patients with advanced Parkinson's disease. Throughout the study the patient characteristics at time of surgery changed, with less severe disease and shorter disease duration toward the end of the study period. © 2011 Movement Disorder Society
Comparison of the impact of trans fatty acids from ruminant and industrial sources on surrogate markers of cholesterol homeostasis in healthy men
Authors: Labonté Marie‐Ève , Couture Patrick , Paquin Paul , Chouinard Yvan , Lemieux Simone , Lamarche Benoît 
Published: June 2011

AbstractScope: Mechanisms by which trans fatty acids (TFA) from industrial (iTFA) and ruminant (rTFA) sources alter cholesterol homeostasis are virtually unknown. We compared the impact of dietary iTFA and rTFA on surrogate markers of cholesterol absorption (β‐sitosterol and campesterol) and synthesis (lathosterol) in healthy men.Methods and results: In a randomized, controlled double‐blind crossover study, 38 healthy men consumed three experimental isoenergetic diets for 4 wk each. The three diets were (i) high in iTFA (10.2 g/2500 kcal), (ii) high in rTFA (10.2 g/2500 kcal) and (iii) control diet low in TFA from any source (2.2 g/2500 kcal). The sum of plasma β‐sitosterol and campesterol concentrations was significantly reduced after the iTFA diet compared with the control diet (−12%, p=0.050). The reduction in combined β‐sitosterol and campesterol levels was larger in magnitude after the rTFA diet (−29% versus the control diet and −20% versus the iTFA diet, p<0.0001). The TFA‐rich diets had no impact on plasma lathosterol concentrations.Conclusions: Very high intakes of rTFA and iTFA decrease cholesterol absorption but have no impact on cholesterol synthesis. Consumption of rTFA reduces cholesterol absorption to a greater extent than iTFA, but this difference does not ultimately affect plasma cholesterol concentrations.
Discrete element method simulations of the seismic response of shallow foundations including soil‐foundation‐structure interaction
Authors: El Shamy Usama , Zamani Natasha 
Published: June 2011

SUMMARYA novel three‐dimensional particle‐based technique utilizing the discrete element method is proposed to analyze the seismic response of soil‐foundation‐structure systems. The proposed approach is employed to investigate the response of a single‐degree‐of‐freedom structure on a square spread footing founded on a dry granular deposit. The soil is idealized as a collection of spherical particles using discrete element method. The spread footing is modeled as a rigid block composed of clumped particles, and its motion is described by the resultant forces and moments acting upon it. The structure is modeled as a column made of particles that are either clumped to idealize a rigid structure or bonded to simulate a flexible structure of prescribed stiffness. Analysis is done in a fully coupled scheme in time domain while taking into account the effects of soil nonlinear behavior, the possible separation between foundation base and soil caused by rocking, the possible sliding of the footing, and the dynamic soil‐foundation interaction as well as the dynamic characteristics of the superstructure. High fidelity computational simulations comprising about half a million particles were conducted to examine the ability of the proposed technique to model the response of soil‐foundation‐structure systems. The computational approach is able to capture essential dynamic response patterns. The cyclic moment–rotation relationships at the base center point of the footing showed degradation of rotational stiffness by increasing the level of strain. Permanent deformations under the foundation continued to accumulate with the increase in number of loading cycles. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The natural history of the overactive bladder syndrome in females: A long‐term analysis of a health screening project
Authors: Heidler Stefan , Mert Can , Temml Christian , Madersbacher Stephan 
Published: June 2011

AbstractAimTo analyze the natural history of the overactive bladder (OAB) syndrome in women over a period of 6.5 years.MethodWomen participating in a health screening survey in the area of Vienna in 1998/1999 underwent a detailed health investigation and completed the Bristol Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptom (BFLUTS) Questionnaire. In 2005 all women who were still living in the area of Vienna, were contacted by mail to complete the BFLUTS questionnaire again.ResultsA total of 386 women with a mean age of 54 years (range: 21–81 years) entered this study and were all followed for a mean of 6.5 years. At baseline, the prevalence of OAB was 19.4% (n = 75/386) and increased to 27.2% (105/386) 6.5 years later resulting in an average annual progression rate of 1.2%. The incidence was 19.3% (n = 60/311; average annual rate: 2.9%), a remission was seen in 40% (n = 30/75; average annual rate: 6.2%), stable disease in 41.3% (n = 31/75; average annual rate: 6.4%), a progression was noticed in 6.7% (n = 5/75; average annual rate: 1.0%) and an improvement in 12% (n = 9/75; average annual rate: 1.8%). Women with a full remission were 49.9 years (±13 years), those with stable disease 58.2 years (±9.3 years), those with improvement 57.4 years (±10.4 years), those with deterioration 61.8 years (±12.8 years) and those with de novo OAB 57.3 years (±12.3 years).ConclusionOAB is a dynamic disease with long‐lasting stable disease courses as well as remissions and progressions. Neurourol. Urodynam. Neurourol. Urodynam. 30: 1437–1441, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Validation of the multidimensional health locus of control scales for labor and delivery
Authors: Stevens Natalie R. , Hamilton Nancy A. , Wallston Kenneth A. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractNo current instrument assesses women's health locus of control beliefs in relation to childbirth. Form C of the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scales was used to develop items for a new instrument specific to labor and delivery (MHLC‐LD). Psychometric analyses conducted with two independent samples of pregnant women supported a three‐factor model of the new instrument, consisting of Internal, Powerful Others, and Chance subscales. Results revealed modest coefficient alphas (>.70) for the subscales and demonstrated construct validity in known group analyses. Future validation research will focus on improving the internal consistency reliability of the MHLC‐LD, testing factorial invariance across demographic groups, and examining the relationships between obstetric risk, previous birth experiences, and beliefs about control over childbirth outcomes. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 34:282–296, 2011
An Examination of the Spatial–Temporal Isolation Model in a Nilotic Population: Variation across Space and Time in Nubians Using Cranial Discrete Traits
Authors: Godde K. 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACTNubian biological evolution has come under much scrutiny in preceding years with strong opinions dividing scholars' beliefs as to how it occurred. A new approach is necessary to elucidate subtleties of their population structure in order to shed light on the complex subject. This study employs a spatial–temporal model in an effort to test if in situ biological evolution was the mechanism for biological change. Biological distance was calculated from the phenotype using 20 cranial discrete traits observed in Nubian samples from the sites of Semna South, Kerma, and the islands of Hesa and Biga. The periods represented at Semna South are Meroitic, X‐Group and Christian, whereas the Kerma site yielded skeletal material from the Kerma period, and the islands of Hesa and Biga date to the Christian period. Mahalanobis D2 with a tetrachoric matrix was used to calculate biological distances among the samples, and three‐way Mantel tests were applied to the distance, spatial and temporal matrices. Time was not significantly correlated with biological distance. However, an inverse relationship of time and biological distance is expected under the spatial–temporal model. A lack of significant geographic correlations, as found here, is unusual in most populations, but given the spatial construct of the sites along the Nile, this relationship is not completely unexpected. The lack of significant correlation among time, space and biological distance does not support the in situ hypothesis. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Open fetal surgery for myelomeningocele
Authors: Bebbington Michael W. , Danzer Enrico , Johnson Mark P. , Adzick N. Scott 
Published: June 2011

AbstractDespite efforts at prevention through the use of preconception folic acid, spina bifida remains one of the most common congenital anomalies of the central nervous system that is compatible with life. It is, however, associated with a significant degree of lifelong morbidity. The development of open fetal surgery for myelomeningocele (MMC) has been a long process but one that serves as a model for how new procedures and technologies need to be properly evaluated before being brought into mainstream medical practice. Even so, risks and benefits need to be evaluated for each patient. The currently available studies have been carried out on a highly selected patient population where the fetal findings provided the maximum opportunity for benefit from prenatal closure of the MMC defect. There is the potential that as the surgery becomes more widely available, pressure will be brought to bear to perform surgery in cases where the likelihood for benefit is decreased and yet the risks are not. The only way to duplicate the results of the current studies is to follow the methodology and criteria that were used in the studies. This will mean that not every fetus with an MMC will be a candidate for in utero surgery. The balance of risk to benefit will continue to evolve as further technological advances are evaluated and more follow‐up information is obtained. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Removal of the copper catalyst from atom transfer radical polymerization mixtures by chemical reduction with zinc powder
Authors: Canturk Fatma , Karagoz Bunyamin , Bicak Niyazi 
Published: June 2011

AbstractSimple mixing of an atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) mixture with zinc powder was demonstrated to result in rapid decolorizing of the solution and precipitation of elemental copper, using small amounts of silica gel as seeding material. The experiments revealed that the chemical reduction of copper by wetted zinc powder (i.e., 0.325 g/mmol copper) is fast and completed within less than 5 min. UV spectra of the filtered polymer solution showed no any trace of copper. Terminal bromoalkyl groups of the polymers in the ATRP solution were determined to be unchanged by short‐term contact with zinc powder at room temperature and a nearly complete reductive dehalogenation takes place only after 24 h of interaction, as evidenced by reaction of elemental zinc with a model compound, ethyl bromoacetate. Indeed, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) sample (Mn: 7900, polydispersity index: 1.09) isolated from ATRP mixture after the copper removal a by short contact with zinc powder (i.e., 15 min) was determined “still living” as confirmed by chain extension with styrene, ethyl acrylate, and t‐butyl acrylate monomers to give block copolymers. The presence of acetic acid was demonstrated to accelerate reductive dehalogenation of PMMA end‐groups by zinc and yields nonliving polymer within 2 h. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011
The Mini‐Mental Adjustment to Cancer Scale: re‐analysis of its psychometric properties in a sample of 160 mixed cancer patients
Authors: Hulbert‐Williams Nicholas J. , Hulbert‐Williams Lee , Morrison Val , Neal Richard D. , Wilkinson Clare 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe mini‐Mental Adjustment to Cancer Scale is designed to assess psychological responses to cancer diagnosis and is widely used in research and clinical practice. Recent evidence demonstrates adequate convergent validity but inconsistent internal consistency and factor structure. This study aimed to provide a parsimonious factor structure with clinical utility.MethodsRepeated measures data were collected from 160 cancer patients (mixed illness type) at diagnosis and 3‐month follow‐up. Principal axis factoring with oblimin rotation was used. The number of factors was decided using parallel analysis. The resultant factors were compared against the recommended five‐factor structure on internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) and test–retest reliability and convergent validity (Pearson's correlation).ResultsParallel analysis suggested that a four‐factor model optimally fits these data. Two of these—cognitive avoidance and fighting spirit—are equivalent to the original factor structure. Redistribution of the remaining items resulted in factors of cognitive distress and emotional distress. Internal consistency and test–retest reliability of the new four‐factor structure are equivalent, but convergent validity is much improved overall when compared with a five‐factor structure, with the exception of the fighting spirit factor.ConclusionsThe revised four‐factor structure represents a more psychometrically sound measure of psychological adjustment in the current dataset. Findings related to the larger cognitive distress factor are congruent with data from foreign‐language validation studies. The brevity of this improved measure may make it easier to administer in the clinical setting. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Vegetation Canopy and Radiation Controls on Permafrost Plateau Evolution within the Discontinuous Permafrost Zone, Northwest Territories, Canada
Authors: Chasmer L. , Quinton W. , Hopkinson C. , Petrone R. , Whittington P. 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACTThis study examines the links between the spatial distribution of three‐dimensional vegetation structural characteristics and historical permafrost plateau area changes using airborne light detection and ranging and aerial photography. The results show that vegetation is prone to reduced canopy fractional cover (by up to 50%) and reduced canopy heights (by 16−30%) at the edges of plateaus. Reduced biomass may cause a positive feedback, whereby diminished within‐ and below‐canopy shadowing (by 1 h of shadow time per day) results in increased radiation incident on the ground surface (16% greater at open‐ vs closed‐canopy plateau sites) and increased longwave radiation losses (74% greater at open‐ vs closed‐canopy plateau sites). Increased incident shortwave radiation may result in augmented thawing of permafrost and increased meltwater runoff, which further inhibits vegetation and permafrost persistence. Edge influences on ground thaw cause vegetation to die over several years (confirmed using historical aerial photography), thereby exacerbating thaw and plateau area reduction (plateau area reduction = ~27% over 60 years). Permafrost degradation is also evidenced by the increasingly fragmented characteristics of the landscape. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Spin dynamics in 57Fe‐doped TiO2 anatase nanoparticles
Authors: Grecu Maria Nicoleta , Constantinescu Serban , Tărăbăşanu‐Mihăilă Doina , Ghica Daniela , Bibicu Ion 
Published: June 2011

AbstractIn this paper we present electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and Mössbauer (transmission method, TMS and measurements in the scattering method, CEMS) experiments on 57Fe (0.1–1 at.%) doped nanocrystalline anatase‐type TiO2, synthesized by a hydrothermal method. Different Fe3+ and Fe2+ ions positions, with various hyperfine interactions evidenced in Mössbauer spectra (MS), confirm a partial magnetic ordering at room temperature. The magnetic hyperfine fields in the TMS spectra, better resolved at lower temperatures, do not change essentially with temperature. The first CEMS measurements, carried out on iron‐doped TiO2 nanoparticles, reveal a larger disorder in the surface particles layer. The temperature dependence of the double integral EPR spectral intensity, proportional with the sample susceptibility, shows an anomalous behaviour. It suggests the bound magnetic polaron (BMP) mechanism for the magnetic ordering.