bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of the VariantsCASP8D302H andCASP10V410I with Breast and Ovarian Cancer Risk inBRCA1andBRCA2Mutation Carriers
Authors: Engel Christoph , Versmold Beatrix , Wappenschmidt Barbara , Simard Jacques , Easton Douglas F. , Peock Susan , Cook Margaret , Oliver Clare , Frost Debra , Mayes Rebecca , Evans D. Gareth , Eeles Rosalind , Paterson Joan , Brewer Carole , McGuffog Lesley , Antoniou Antonis C. , Stoppa-Lyonnet Dominique , Sinilnikova Olga M. , Barjhoux Laure , Frenay Marc , Michel Cécile , Leroux Dominique , Dreyfus Helene , Toulas Christine , Gladieff Laurence , Uhrhammer Nancy , Bignon Yves-Jean , Meindl Alfons , Arnold Norbert , Varon-Mateeva Raymonda , Niederacher Dieter , Preisler-Adams Sabine , Kast Karin , Deissler Helmut , Sutter Christian , Gadzicki Dorothea , Chenevix-Trench Georgia , Spurdle Amanda B. , Chen Xiaoqing , Beesley Jonathan , Olsson Håkan , Kristoffersson Ulf , Ehrencrona Hans , Liljegren Annelie , van der Luijt Rob B. , van Os Theo A. , van Leeuwen Flora E. , Domchek Susan M. , Rebbeck Timothy R. , Nathanson Katherine L. , Osorio Ana , Ramón y Cajal Teresa , Konstantopoulou Irene , Benítez Javier , Friedman Eitan , Kaufman Bella , Laitman Yael , Mai Phuong L. , Greene Mark H. , Nevanlinna Heli , Aittomäki Kristiina , Szabo Csilla I. , Caldes Trinidad , Couch Fergus J. , Andrulis Irene L. , Godwin Andrew K. , Hamann Ute , Schmutzler Rita K. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBackground: The genes caspase-8 (CASP8) and caspase-10 (CASP10) functionally cooperate and play a key role in the initiation of apoptosis. Suppression of apoptosis is one of the major mechanisms underlying the origin and progression of cancer. Previous case-control studies have indicated that the polymorphisms CASP8 D302H and CASP10 V410I are associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer in the general population.Methods: To evaluate whether the CASP8 D302H (CASP10 V410I) polymorphisms modify breast or ovarian cancer risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers, we analyzed 7,353 (7,227) subjects of white European origin provided by 19 (18) study groups that participate in the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2 (CIMBA). A weighted cohort approach was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).Results: The minor allele of CASP8 D302H was significantly associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer (per-allele HR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.76-0.97; Ptrend = 0.011) and ovarian cancer (per-allele HR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.53-0.89; Ptrend = 0.004) for BRCA1 but not for BRCA2 mutation carriers. The CASP10 V410I polymorphism was not associated with breast or ovarian cancer risk for BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers.Conclusions: CASP8 D302H decreases breast and ovarian cancer risk for BRCA1 mutation carriers but not for BRCA2 mutation carriers.Impact: The combined application of these and other recently identified genetic risk modifiers could in the future allow better individual risk calculation and could aid in the individualized counseling and decision making with respect to preventive options in BRCA1 mutation carriers. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 19(11); 2859–68. ©2010 AACR.
Hemoglobin and Aerobic Fitness Changes with Supervised Exercise Training in Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Chemotherapy
Authors: Dolan Lianne B. , Gelmon Karen , Courneya Kerry S. , Mackey John R. , Segal Roanne J. , Lane Kirstin , Reid Robert D. , McKenzie Donald C. 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
Background: Aerobic exercise training (AET) is known to increase RBC production; however, this has not been evaluated in breast cancer patients undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy. The purpose of this study was to examine the changes in hemoglobin (Hb) levels in the Supervised Trial of Aerobic versus Resistance Training (START) and to determine its association with changes in VO2peak.
Methods: Two hundred and forty-two breast cancer patients initiating chemotherapy were randomized to usual care (n = 82), resistance exercise (RET, n = 82), or AET (n = 78) groups for the duration of their chemotherapy (median, 17 weeks). Supervised exercise was thrice weekly based on standard AET and RET prescriptions. Aerobic fitness (VO2peak) and Hb concentration were measured at baseline and end of chemotherapy.
Results: Regardless of the exercise group, Hb declined over the course of chemotherapy (13.4 ± 10.0 to 11.8 ± 11.5 g/dL, P &lt; 0.01). Both AET and RET groups had significant, moderate correlations between the change in VO2peak and Hb (AET: r = 0.49, P &lt; 0.001; RET: r = 0.39, P = 0.001).
Conclusion: The results indicate that regular exercise does not protect against the decline in Hb associated with chemotherapy in breast cancer patients, but resulted in a stronger association between Hb and VO2peak.
Impact: Even with the chemotherapy-induced decline in Hb, breast cancer patients can maintain their aerobic capacity by participating in regular aerobic exercise. Further studies are required to determine safe intensity levels that may stimulate the maintenance of Hb levels in breast cancer patients. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 19(11); 2826–32. ©2010 AACR.
Cathepsin B Expression and Survival in Colon Cancer: Implications for Molecular Detection of Neoplasia
Authors: Chan Andrew T. , Baba Yoshifumi , Shima Kaori , Nosho Katsuhiko , Chung Daniel C. , Hung Kenneth E. , Mahmood Umar , Madden Karen , Poss Kirtland , Ranieri Audrey , Shue Daniel , Kucherlapati Raju , Fuchs Charles S. , Ogino Shuji 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
Background and Aims: Proteases play a critical role in tumorigenesis and are upregulated in colorectal cancer and neoplastic polyps. In animal models, cathepsin B (CTSB)–activatable imaging agents show high enzyme activity within intestinal tumors.
Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study of 558 men and women with colon cancer with tumors that were accessible for immunohistochemical assessment. We used Cox proportional hazards models, stratified by stage, to compute colon cancer–specific and overall mortality according to tumoral expression of CTSB.
Results: Among 558 participants, 457 (82%) had tumors that expressed CTSB (CTSB positive) and 101 (18%) had tumors that did not express CTSB (CTSB negative). CTSB expression was not associated with disease stage (P = 0.19). After a median follow-up of 11.6 years, there were 254 total and 155 colon cancer–specific deaths. Compared with participants with CTSB-negative tumors, participants with CTSB-positive tumors experienced a multivariate hazard ratio for colon cancer–specific mortality of 1.99 (95% confidence interval, 1.19-3.34) and overall mortality of 1.71 (95% confidence interval, 1.16-2.50). CTSB expression was independently associated with KRAS (P = 0.01) and BRAF mutation (P = 0.04), but not microsatellite instability status, CpG island methylator phenotype status, PIK3CA mutation, LINE-1 methylation, TP53 expression, or PTGS2 (cyclooxygenase-2) expression. Among 123 individuals with adenomas, 91% expressed CTSB.
Conclusions: As assessed by immunohistochemistry, CTSB is expressed in the vast majority of colon cancers, independent of stage, and is significantly associated with higher risk of colon cancer–specific and overall mortality.
Impact: These results support the potential of CTSB a target for image detection of neoplastic lesions in humans. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 19(11); 2777–85. ©2010 AACR.
Forty Years of Faster Decline in Cigarette Smoking in California Explains Current Lower Lung Cancer Rates
Authors: Pierce John P. , Messer Karen , White Martha M. , Kealey Sheila , Cowling David W. 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
Background: Declining lung cancer rates in California have been attributed to the California Tobacco Control Program, but may reflect earlier declines in smoking.
Methods: Using state-taxed sales and three survey series, we assessed trends in smoking behavior for California and the rest of the nation from 1960 to 2008 and compared these with lung cancer mortality rates. We tested the validity of recent trends in state-taxed sales by projecting results from a model of the 1960 to 2002 data.
Results: From 1960 to 2002, the state-taxed sales and survey data are consistent. Californians initially smoked more than the rest of the nation, but cigarette consumption declined earlier, dropping lower in 1971 with an ever widening gap over time. Lung cancer mortality follows a similar pattern, after a lag of 16 years. Introduction of the California Tobacco Control Program doubled the rate of decline in cigarette consumption. From 2002 to 2008, differences in enforcement and tax evasion may compromise the validity of the taxed sales data. In 2010, smoking prevalence is estimated to be 9.3% in California and 17.8% in the rest of the nation. However, in 2008, for the first time, both cigarette price and tobacco control expenditures were lower in California than the rest of the nation, suggesting that the gap in smoking behavior will start to narrow.
Conclusion: An effective Tobacco Control Program means that California will have faster declines in lung cancer than the rest of the nation for the next 2 decades, but possibly not beyond.
Impact: Tobacco control interventions need further dissemination. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 19(11); 2801–10. ©2010 AACR.
A Case-Control Study on the Effect of Apoliprotein E Genotype on Head and Neck Cancer Risk
Authors: De Feo Emma , Rowell Jessica , Cadoni Gabriella , Nicolotti Nicola , Arzani Dario , Giorgio Arianna , Amore Rosarita , Paludetti Gaetano , Ricciardi Gualtiero , Boccia Stefania 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBackground: The apolipoprotein E gene (apoE) has three major isoforms encoded by the ϵ2, ϵ3, and ϵ4 alleles, with the ϵ4 allele associated with hypercholesterolemia and the ϵ2 allele with the opposite effect. An inverse relationship between cholesterolemia and head and neck cancer (HNC) has been previously reported, although the relationship between apoE genotypes and HNC has not been explored to date.Methods: Four hundred and seventeen HNC cases and 436 hospital controls were genotyped for apoE polymorphisms. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) from logistic regression were used to explore the relationship between HNC and putative risk factors. A gene-environment interaction analysis was done.Results: A borderline significant 40% decreased HNC risk (OR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.31-1.05) was observed for individuals carrying at least one ϵ2 allele. Females carrying at least one ϵ2 allele showed a 60% risk reduction (OR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.21-0.90) for HNC compared with ϵ3 homozygotes. A statistically significant interaction was found between alcohol use and the ϵ4 allele (P for interaction = 0.04), with a 2-fold increased risk (OR, 2.06; 95% CI, 0.95-4.48) among ever drinkers with an ϵ4 allele, with respect to ϵ3 homozygote nondrinkers.Conclusions: Our study provides novel evidence of a possible protective effect of the ϵ2 allele against HNC, probably due to its increased antioxidant properties.Impact: According to our results, apolipoprotein E may play a different role in carcinogenesis other than its well-known role in regulating blood serum cholesterol levels. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 19(11); 2839–46. ©2010 AACR.
Detection of Early-Stage Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Gold David V. , Goggins Michael , Modrak David E. , Newsome Guy , Liu Mengling , Shi Chanjuan , Hruban Ralph H. , Goldenberg David M. 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
Background: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is an almost universally lethal disease, in large part, due to our inability to detect early-stage disease. Monoclonal antibody PAM4 is reactive with a unique biomarker expressed by &gt;85% of pancreatic adenocarcinomas. In this report, we examined the ability of a PAM4-based immunoassay to detect early-stage disease.
Materials and Methods: The PAM4-based immunoassay was used to quantitate antigen in the serum of healthy volunteers (n = 19), patients with known pancreatic adenocarcinoma (n = 68), and patients with a primary diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis (n = 29).
Results: Sensitivity for detection of pancreatic adenocarcinoma was 82%, with a false-positive rate of 5% for healthy controls. Patients with advanced disease had significantly higher antigen levels than those with early-stage disease (P &lt; 0.01), with a diagnostic sensitivity of 91%, 86%, and 62% for stage 3/stage 4 advanced disease, stage 2, and stage 1, respectively. We also evaluated chronic pancreatitis sera, finding 38% positive for antigen; however, this was discordant with immunohistochemical findings that suggest the PAM4 antigen is not produced by inflamed pancreatic tissue. Furthermore, several of the serum-positive pancreatitis patients, for whom tissue specimens were available for pathologic interpretation, had evidence of neoplastic precursor lesions.
Conclusions: These results suggest the use of the PAM4 serum assay to detect early-stage pancreatic adenocarcinoma and that positive levels of PAM4 antigen are not derived from inflamed pancreatic tissues but rather may provide evidence of subclinical pancreatic neoplasia.
Effect: The ability to detect pancreatic adenocarcinoma at an early stage could provide for early therapeutic intervention with potentially improved patient outcomes. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 19(11); 2786–94. ©2010 AACR.
Early clinical experience with volumetric modulated arc therapy in head and neck cancer patients
Authors: Scorsetti Marta , Fogliata Antonella , Castiglioni Simona , Bressi Caterina , Bignardi Mario , Navarria Piera , Mancosu Pietro , Cozzi Luca , Pentimalli Sara , Alongi Filippo , Santoro Armando 
Published: November 2010

Abstract

Background
To report about early clinical experience in radiation treatment of head and neck cancer of different sites and histology by volumetric modulated arcs with the RapidArc technology.

Methods
During 2009, 45 patients were treated at Istituto Clinico Humanitas with RapidArc (28 males and 17 females, median age 65 years). Of these, 78% received concomitant chemotherapy. Thirty-six patients were treated as exclusive curative intent (group A), three as postoperative curative intent (group B) and six with sinonasal tumours (group C). Dose prescription was at Planning Target Volumes (PTV) with simultaneous integrated boost: 54.45Gy and 69.96Gy in 33 fractions (group A); 54.45Gy and 66Gy in 33 fractions (group B) and 55Gy in 25 fractions (group C).

Results
Concerning planning optimization strategies and constraints, as per PTV coverage, for all groups, D98% > 95% and V95% > 99%. As regards organs at risk, all planning objectives were respected, and this was correlated with observed acute toxicity rates. Only 28% of patients experienced G3 mucositis, 14% G3 dermitis 44% had G2 dysphagia. Nobody required feeding tubes to be placed during treatment. Acute toxicity is also related to chemotherapy. Two patients interrupted the course of radiotherapy because of a quick worsening of general clinical condition.

Conclusions
These preliminary results stated that volumetric modulated arc therapy in locally advanced head and neck cancers is feasible and effective, with acceptable toxicities.
Simultaneous Sinus Membrane Elevation and Dental Implant Placement Without Bone Graft: A 6‐Month Follow‐Up Study
Authors: Borges Fabio L. , Dias Rafael O. , Piattelli Adriano , Onuma Tatiana , Gouveia Cardoso Luciana Ap. , Salomão Munir , Scarano Antonio , Ayub Eduardo , Shibli Jamil Awad 
Published: November 2010

Background: Previous studies have shown that simultaneous elevation of the sinus mucosal lining and placement of dental implants without graft materials can be a predictable procedure. Nevertheless, few prospective, controlled, and randomized studies have evaluated this technique. The aim of this prospective, controlled, and randomized clinical study is to evaluate whether sinus membrane elevation and simultaneous placement of dental implants without autogenous bone graft can create sufficient bone support to allow implant success 6 months post‐surgically.Methods: Sinus membrane elevation and simultaneous placement of dental implants were performed bilaterally in 15 patients in a split‐mouth design. The sinuses were assigned to two groups: the test group, with simultaneous sinus mucosal lining elevation and placement of dental implants without graft materials; and the control group, with simultaneous sinus mucosal lining elevation and placement of dental implants with intraoral autogenous bone graft. After 6 months of healing, abutments were connected. For each implant, length of implant protrusion into the sinus, resonance frequency analysis, and bone gain were recorded at baseline and 6 months follow‐up.Results: Clinical complications were not observed, except for two postoperative fistulas and suppuration in both groups. Only one implant of the test group was lost, reaching a success rate of 96.4% and 100% for the test and control groups, respectively. After healing, radiographic new peri‐implant bone was observed in both groups ranging between 8.3 ± 2.6 and 7.9 ± 3.6 mm for the control and test groups, respectively (P >0.05). Resonance frequency analysis values were lower for the control group compared to baseline (P <0.05). However, these values were similar at 6 months (P >0.05). A significant positive correlation was found between the protruded implant length/bone gain and implant survival/sinusitis (P <0.0001).Conclusion: Implants placed simultaneously to sinus membrane elevation without graft material resulted in bone formation over a period of 6 months.
Periodontal Tissue Engineering After Tooth Replantation
Authors: Reichert da Silva Assunção Luciana , Colenci Renato , Ferreira do‐Amaral Caril Constante , Sonoda Celso Koogi , Mogami Bomfim Suely Regina , Okamoto Roberta , de Assis Golim Marjorie , Deffune Elenice , Percinoto Célio , Penha de Oliveira Sandra Helena 
Published: November 2010

Background: Blood‐derived products, platelet‐poor plasma (PPP) and platelet‐rich plasma (PRP), constitute an approach in the enhancement of tissue healing. PRP has also been used as a scaffold for bone marrow stem cells in tissue engineering. This study evaluates the effect of PPP, calcium chloride–activated PRP (PRP/Ca), calcium chloride– and thrombin‐activated PRP (PRP/Thr/Ca), and bone marrow mononuclear cells and PRP/Ca (BMMCs/PRP/Ca) on the healing of replanted dog teeth.Methods: After 30 minutes of extraction, teeth were replanted with 1) no material (control); 2) PPP; 3) PRP/Ca; 4) PRP/Thr/Ca; or 5) BMMCs/PRP/Ca. Histologic, histomorphometric, and immunohistochemical analysis was assessed 120 days after replantation. Data from histomorphometric analysis were analyzed statistically (analysis of variance, Tukey; P <0.05). Quantitative immunohistochemical analysis was analyzed by Kruskal‐Wallis and Dunn post hoc test (P <0.05).Results: Flow cytometry analysis showed 55.98% of CD34+ and 32.67% of CD90/Thy‐1 for BMMCs sample. BMMCs/PRP/Ca presented the largest areas of replacement resorption characterized by osseous ingrowth into cementum (P <0.05), with intense immunomarcation for tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase. The PRP/Ca group also showed areas of replacement resorption with significant immunomarcation for osteopontin. PRP/Thr/Ca presented no replacement resorption. PPP showed areas of inflammatory resorption, with immunomarcation for tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase.Conclusions: The results suggest that platelets activated with thrombin play an important role in the healing of tissues after tooth replantation. Additional studies are necessary to test other materials, because PRP/Ca did not present an appropriate scaffold for undifferentiated cells in the treatment of avulsed teeth.
Retrospective web-based multicenter evaluation of 18F-FDG-PET and CT derived predictive factors
Authors: Nestle U. , Scheidhauer K. , Puskas C. , Ballek E. , Hohloch K. , Schubert J. , König J. , Pinkert J. , Truemper L. , Hellwig D. , Kirsch C.-M. , Grgic A. 
Published: November 2010

Summary
Aim: Although predictive factors (PF) for conventional lymphoma therapy are established and frequently used in clinical practice and medical research, the PF for radioimmunotherapy (RIT) have not been fully defined until now. The aim of this multicenter evaluation is to prove the feasibility of the multicenter web-based data collection and to preliminary explore imaging findings and prediction of therapy response in patients with follicular lymphoma (FL) following radioimmuno therapy (RIT) with 90Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan. Patients, methods: We retrospectively analyzed and correlated clinical and imaging data (CT and FDG-PET) before and after RIT as documented by the RIT-Network. Evaluation of treatment response was done on both patient and lesion basis. Every measurable lesion was analyzed in terms of standardized uptake value (SUV), volume (CT and PET) and response. PF were identified using a uni- and multivariate model. A web-based system was used for the documentation and evaluation of clinical and imaging data. Results: 16 patients with at least one PET before and after RIT were eligible for analysis. Concerning response three months postRIT, 5 patients achieved a CR, 6 patients a PR and 4 patients remained with NC. A total of 159 lesions were measured (mean 10 ± 8). In the multivariate model the log lesion volume (p < 0.0001), the total (p = 0.03) and maximum lesion volume (p = 0.05) were predictors for response (CR + PR). Concerning the lesional CR initial small lesion volume (p = 0.009) and its high metabolic activity (p = 0.01) were identified as predictors. The web-based system showed no major disturbances allowing secure data transfer and central image interpretation in a reasonable time. Conclusion: The use of a web-based multicenter archiving system for clinical and imaging data is technically feasible in a multicenter setting and allows a central analysis. This preliminary analysis suggests that FDG-PET may predict the likelihood of response to RIT.
Ventilations-Perfusions-Lungen -szintigraphie mit der PET und 68Ga-markierten Radiopharmaka
Authors: Andreeff M. , Wunderlich G. , Wiggermann P. , Zöphel K. , Kotzerke J. 
Published: November 2010

Summary
Aim: Imaging of lung perfusion with positron emission tomography (PET) is already possible with 68Ga labeled denaturized albumin. The purpose of our study was to produce and test a 68Ga labeled aerosol (Galligas®) for ventilation and 68Ga labeled albumin particles (microspheres) for perfusion imaging with PET. Patients, methods: Galligas was produced by simmering and burning generator eluted 68Ga solution (100 MBq/0.1 ml) in an ordinary technegas generator. Fifteen patients with suspicion on pulmonary embolism underwent PET/CT (Biograph 16) after inhalation of Galligas and application of 68Ga labeled microspheres. A low dose CT was acquired for attenuation correction (AC). Images were reconstructed with and without AC. The inhaled activity was calculated compared to the activity injected. Results: Inhaled radioaerosol Galli gas demonstrated typical distribution as known from 99mTc-labeled technegas with homogeneous distribution in lung without hilar deposits. Attenuation corrected images resulted in artefacts in the lung base. Therefore, non-corrected images were used for making the results. Three out of fifteen patients showed a deficient perfusion whereas ventilation was normal corresponding to pulmonary embolism. Conclusion: Lung scintigraphy with PET is feasible. Galligas is simple to produce (analogously to technegas). 68Ga labeled microspheres are available. The method is applicable to daily routine and rendered clinically relevant informations.