bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Field evaluation of a decision support system for herbicidal control of Avena sterilis ssp. ludoviciana in winter wheat
Authors: GONZALEZ‐ANDUJAR J L , FERNANDEZ‐QUINTANILLA C , BASTIDA F , CALVO R , GONZALEZ‐DIAZ L , IZQUIERDO J , LEZAUN J A , PEREA F , SANCHEZ DEL ARCO M J , URBANO J M 
Published: January 2010

Gonzalez‐Andujar JL, Fernandez‐Quintanilla C, Bastida F, Calvo R, Gonzalez‐Diaz L, Izquierdo J, Lezaun JA, Perea F, Sanchez Del Arco MJ & Urbano JM (2010). Field evaluation of a decision support system for herbicidal control of Avena sterilis ssp. ludoviciana in winter wheat. Weed Research50, 83–88.SummaryTwo field studies were conducted in Central and Northern Spain over a total of five seasons to assess the usefulness of a decision support system (AVENA‐PC) from agronomic, economic and environmental points of view on herbicidal control of Avena sterilis ssp. ludoviciana in winter wheat. The control treatments evaluated were: (i) AVENA‐PC‐based recommendations, (ii) full herbicide dose (standard farmer practice), (iii) half herbicide dose and (iv) no herbicide. The herbicide rates used in the AVENA‐PC treatment averaged 65% and 30% lower than the full and half dose treatments respectively. AVENA‐PC implementation controlled A. ludoviciana with similar efficacy as standard herbicide treatments. Nevertheless, it did support a reduction in relation to the non‐herbicide treatment. Yields obtained with AVENA‐PC were, in general, not statistically different to those obtained with herbicide treatments and were on average 69% higher than those in the no herbicide application strategy. Comparing AVENA‐PC economic performance with the other treatments there were, in general, no significant statistical differences in Central Spain. In Northern Spain, all herbicide treatments had similar net returns, with there being no statistical differences between AVENA‐PC and the herbicide treatments. However, there were differences recorded with the non‐herbicide treatment. The results of this research indicate that AVENA‐PC, due to its flexibility, may recommend less herbicide than the standard farmer practice, providing clear environmental benefits and adequate weed control with maintained crop yield and net returns similar to standard farmer practice.
Risk factors for pneumonia caused by multidrug‐resistant Gram‐negative bacilli among liver recipients
Authors: Shi Shao Hua , Kong Hai Shen , Jia Chang Ku , Zhang Wen Jin , Xu Jian , Wang Wei Lin , Shen Yan , Zhang Min , Zheng Shu Sen 
Published: December 2009

Shi SH, Kong HS, Jia CK, Zhang WJ, Xu J, Wang WL, Shen Y, Zhang M, Zheng SS. Risk factors for pneumonia caused by multidrug‐resistant Gram‐negative bacilli among liver recipients.  Clin Transplant 2010: 24: 758–765. © 2009 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  Pneumonia caused by multidrug‐resistant (MDR) Gram‐negative bacilli is associated with a higher mortality rate. The appropriate empiric therapy is based on the understanding of local etiology and MDR pattern. This study was to evaluate the spectrum of Gram‐negative bacilli, MDR rate, risk factors and mortality in 475 liver transplantation (LT) recipients. In the first six months after LT, the incidence of bacterial pneumonia was 21.3% (101/475). The overall infectious incidence during the first post‐transplant month was 80.2%. The most frequent pneumonia isolates were Enterobacteriaceae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Gram‐negative bacilli accounted for 69.6% of all pneumonia pathogens. Of the main 124 Gram‐negative bacilli isolates, MDR rate was 58.9%. Four risk factors for post‐LT pneumonia caused by MDR Gram‐negative bacilli were LT candidates with grade II–IV encephalopathy (OR 2.275, 95%CI 1.249–4.124, p = 0.006), prolonged duration of endotracheal intubation (OR 8.224, 95%CI 4.276–15.815, p = 0.013), tracheostomy (OR 4.929, 95%CI 1.099–18.308, p = 0.027) and post‐LT episode(s) of reoperations (OR 10.597, 95%CI 3.726–30.134, p < 0.001). MDR Gram‐negative bacterial pneumonia‐related mortality was significantly higher than that because of antibiotic‐susceptible bacilli (45.6% vs. 11.4%, p = 0.010). Our data suggest that pneumonia caused by MDR Gram‐negative bacilli after LT is common, and associated with the severity of underlying disease, prolonged mechanical ventilation and upper abdominal surgery.
An exploration of participation in leisure activities post‐stroke
Authors: O’Sullivan Clare , Chard Gill 
Published: December 2009

Aim: The purpose of this study was to illuminate the experiences of older adults’ return to leisure activities, following rehabilitation, post‐stroke.Method: A phenomenological approach was used to explore the experiences of re‐engaging in leisure occupations post‐stroke. In‐depth interviews were conducted with five community‐dwelling individuals (three men, two women) aged 68–74 years who had experienced a stroke in the past year. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.Findings: Four themes emerged: (i) Re‐engaging in leisure activities, (ii) acceptance of physical limitations post‐stroke, (iii) gratitude for help and support and (iv) looking forward to the future.Conclusion: Implications revealed that post‐stroke interventions need a more occupation‐focussed approach, including return to leisure at an earlier stage of stroke rehabilitation.
Genetic content in Korean nursing textbooks
Authors: Kim Miyoung , Han Jinho 
Published: December 2009

AbstractDue to the significant developments in genetic health services that have occurred, nurses now must strive to incorporate cutting‐edge information from this fast‐evolving field into their day‐to‐day practice. This study examined the amount and the content of genetics education in Korean nursing textbooks. We analyzed 165 textbooks that were published by four companies between 2005 and 2009. Eighty percent contained some information on genetics; however, the content was limited to bioscience, the latest information on common diseases, and nursing interventions in genetics. There was an average of six pages of genetics content in the seven specialized textbooks on nursing that were analyzed. This indicates that many topics on genetics need to be incorporated into Korean nursing education, especially in light of the recent genetic innovations in all curricular areas of nursing education. We recommend the establishment of strategic perspectives to bridge the content gaps in genetics education in nursing.
Obtaining confirmation through social relationships: Norwegian first‐time mothers' experiences while on maternity leave
Authors: Alstveit Marit , Severinsson Elisabeth , Karlsen Bjørg 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe social relationships of employed women on maternity leave undergo significant changes. The aim of the study was to illuminate first‐time mothers' experiences of social relationships while on maternity leave. Nine mothers were interviewed at both 3–5 months and 11–14 months post‐partum and the data were analyzed by means of interpretative analysis. The main theme of obtaining confirmation through social relationships was based on two themes (being confirmed by other mothers and balancing between being a mother and an employee) and on four subthemes (seeking company, sharing experiences, feeling ineffective and in a state of stagnation, and trying to handle contact with the workplace). In order to strengthen the social relationships of mothers, the mother–child health service should offer all mothers the opportunity to join a peer support group, while employers could keep in regular contact with staff members on maternity leave.
Developing practice in mental health settings
Authors: Cleary Michelle , Horsfall Jan , Happell Brenda 
Published: January 2010

ABSTRACTIf practice development (PD) is to be implemented in diverse mental health‐care settings, it is important that managers, researchers, and policy makers are all clear about the nature of the processes involved. The authors draw on the literature to broadly set out local strategies, practicalities, and issues that should be considered and addressed by those planning to undertake PD projects in mental health. Before implementing PD projects, pre‐existing requirements should be recognized and expedited. All aspects of who does what, when, and how should be widely communicated so that continuous evaluation and improvements are generated. Staff need to be adult learners, be aware of their practice values, be able to access supervision, and confront contradictions and tensions between values and practice. PD programmes that are effective are built into mainstream activities, considered core business, utilize existing resources to build sustainable and realistic improvements, take direction from practitioners, and incorporate client needs.
What constitutes a ‘Good’ recovery outcome in post‐acute Guillain–Barré syndrome? Results of a Nationwide Survey of post‐acute GBS sufferers in the United Kingdom
Authors: Davidson I. , Wilson C. , Walton T. , Brissenden S. , Campbell M. , McGowan L. 
Published: December 2009

Background:  Eighty percent of people with Guillain–Barré Syndrome (GBS) are said to achieve ‘good’ outcome. ‘Good’ outcome has been defined as either of the top two scores (0 = Healthy, 1 = minor symptoms or signs, able to run) on a 7‐point ordinal scale called the F‐score. This assessment of ‘good’ outcome appears to be an arbitrary benchmark. This study is the first assessment of the differences in outcome between post‐acute GBS sufferers reporting these scores. It attempts to compare the physical and emotional differences between respondents reporting ‘0’ and ‘1’ on the F‐Score.Methods:  A postal survey was administered to respondents through the UK Guillain–Barré Syndrome Support Group’s national database and included items relating to general patient data, general mobility, F‐Score, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, SF 36 and Fatigue Severity Scale.Results:  One thousand five hundred and thirty‐five members were surveyed, and of 884/1535 (58%) questionnaires were returned. Results indicate significant differences between those scoring ‘0’ on the F‐Score and those scoring ‘1’ in the post‐acute phase in terms of anxiety, depression, physical functioning, fatigue and wheelchair use on discharge.Conclusions:  Significantly poorer outcomes for those scoring ‘1’ on the F‐Score suggest that only those scoring ‘0’ should constitute a ‘good’ outcome in GBS.
How are we doing with the treatment of essential tremor (ET)?
Authors: Louis E. D. , Rios E. , Henchcliffe C. 
Published: January 2010

Background:  The pharmacological treatment of essential tremor (ET) is not optimal. There are only two first‐line medications and troublesome side effects are common. It is not uncommon for patients to simply stop taking medication. Yet, no published data substantiate or quantify this anecdotal impression.Objectives:  To determine, amongst patients with ET who were prescribed medication for tremor, what proportion are still taking medication and what proportion have stopped?Methods:  Five hundred and twenty‐eight patients with ET from three distinct study settings (clinical, brain donors, population) were interviewed.Results:  A clear pattern that emerged across settings was that the proportion of patients with ET who had stopped medication was sizable and consistently similar (nearly one‐third): 31.4% (clinical), 24.3% (brain donors), 30.0% (population), 29.8% (overall). A similarly high proportion of cases with severe tremor had stopped their medication: 31.9% (clinical), 36.4% (brain donors). For the four most commonly used medications (propranolol, primidone, diazepam, topiramate), one‐half or more of the treated patients had stopped the medication; amongst the less commonly used medications, the proportion who stopped was even higher.Conclusions:  Nearly one of every three patients with ET who had been prescribed medication for tremor had discontinued pharmacotherapy. Even more revealing was that a similar proportion of cases with severe tremor had stopped medication. These data make tangibly evident that there is a sizable population of patients with ET who are untreated and disabled, and underscore the inadequacy of current pharmacotherapeutic options for this common neurological disease.
Theological Exegesis as Exegetical Showing: A Case of Isaiah's Figural Potentiality
Authors: GIGNILLIAT MARK 
Published: January 2010

AbstractTheological exegesis demands engagement with the biblical text. Much of the current discussion regarding this topic tends to remain in the realm of theory and method without much ‘exegetical showing’. Taking a cue from Brevard Childs' understanding of the Old Testament as Christian Scripture, this article provides an example of theological exegesis with Isaiah as the focus text. The intertextual relationship between Isaiah 6 and 61 is engaged in its literary/canonical fixity. From this fixity, the figural potentiality of this intertextual relationship is explored in light of the two‐testament canon and its shared subject matter.
Group IIA secretory phospholipase A2(GIIA) mediates apoptotic death during NMDA receptor activation in rat primary cortical neurons
Authors: Chiricozzi Elena , Fernandez‐Fernandez Seila , Nardicchi Vincenza , Almeida Angeles , Bolaños Juan Pedro , Goracci Gianfrancesco 
Published: January 2010

J. Neurochem.(2010)112, 1574–1583.AbstractPhospholipases A2(PLA2) participate in neuronal death signalling pathways because of their ability to release lipid mediators, although the contribution of each isoform and mechanism of neurotoxicity are still elusive. Using a novel fluorogenic method to assess changes in a PLA2activity by flow cytometry, here we show that the group IIA secretory phospholipase A2isoform (GIIA) was specifically activated in cortical neurons following stimulation ofN‐methyl‐d‐aspartate glutamate receptor subtype (NMDAR). For activation, GIIA required Ca2+and reactive oxygen/nitrogen species, and inhibition of its activity fully prevented NMDAR‐mediated neuronal apoptotic death. Superoxide, nitric oxide or peroxynitrite donors stimulated GIIA activity, which mediated neuronal death. Intriguingly, we also found that GIIA activity induced mitochondrial superoxide production after NMDAR stimulation. These results reveal a novel role for GIIA in excitotoxicity both as target and producer of superoxide in a positive‐loop of activation that may contribute to the propagation of neurodegeneration.
Glycosaminoglycan‐induced activation of the β‐secretase (BACE1) of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Klaver David W. , Wilce Matthew C. J. , Gasperini Robert , Freeman Craig , Juliano John Paul , Parish Christopher , Foa Lisa , Aguilar Marie‐Isabel , Small David H. 
Published: January 2010

J. Neurochem. (2010) 112, 1552–1561.AbstractThe β‐site APP cleaving enzyme (BACE1) is responsible for the first step in the production of the β‐amyloid protein of Alzheimer’s disease. BACE1 is synthesized as a partially active zymogen (proBACE1). We previously showed that the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) heparin can increase the enzyme activity of proBACE1. In this study, the structural requirements and the mechanism for the GAG‐induced activation were examined. The effect of heparin on proBACE1 was influenced by the degree of sulfation and carboxylation of the GAG, as well as by the length of the sugar. Although low molecular weight heparin fragments did not strongly stimulate proBACE1, they inhibited heparin‐induced activation of the enzyme. The structure of the zymogen was modeled using the known X‐ray structures of the BACE1 catalytic domain and the homologous prodomain of porcine pepsinogen. The modeled structure suggested that a heparin‐binding domain may reside close to the prodomain, and that movement of a loop region between residues 46–65, lying adjacent to the prodomain, may be needed to accommodate heparin binding. The presence of the loop domain adjacent to the active site may account for the lower activity of the zymogen relative to the mature enzyme. Movement of the loop region upon heparin binding could expose the active site region to allow for increased substrate binding. The results suggest a model in which conformational changes close to the prodomain may be involved in the mechanism of heparin‐induced activation of proBACE1.
Does the Frequency of Pay‐for‐Performance Payment Matter?—Experience from a Randomized Trial
Authors: Chung Sukyung , Palaniappan Latha , Wong Eric , Rubin Haya , Luft Harold 
Published: December 2009

Objective. To examine the effects of incentive payment frequency on quality measures in a physician‐specific pay‐for‐performance (P4P) experiment.Study Setting. A multispecialty physician group practice.Study Design. In 2007, all primary care physicians (n=179) were randomized into two study arms differing by the frequency of incentive payment, either four quarterly bonus checks or a single year‐end bonus (maximum of U.S.$5,000/year for both arms).Data Collection/Extraction Methods. Data were extracted from electronic health records. Quality measure scores between the two arms over four quarters were compared.Principal Findings. There was no difference between the two arms in average quality measure score or in total bonus amount earned.Conclusions. Physicians' responses to a P4P program with a small maximum bonus do not differ by frequency of bonus payment.
Dentistry students’ perceptions of learning management systems
Authors: Handal B. , Groenlund C. , Gerzina T. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThis paper reports an exploratory survey study about students’ perceptions of learning management systems (LMS) at the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Sydney. Two hundred and fifty‐four students enrolled in the Bachelor of Dentistry and the Bachelor of Oral Health programmes participated in an online survey aimed at exploring their beliefs and attitudes as well as their preferences for eLearning tools. Results indicated a strong preference of students for using LMSs as resource repositories rather than for higher‐order learning activities such as online discussion forums. This finding holds importance for consideration of the development of the educational resources modalities that support development of essential graduate attributes such as information literacy and collaborative learning.
Predicting dental school performance based on prior dental experience and exposure
Authors: Park S. E. , Da Silva J. D. , Barnes J. L. , Susarla S. M. , Howell T. H. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractPurpose:  The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the variables of students with prior dental assisting experience and students with a parent who is a dentist can be used as predictors of students’ pre‐clinical and clinical course performance in dental school.Materials and methods:  The study population consisted of a cohort of 159 students in the Harvard School of Dental Medicine (HSDM) DMD graduation classes of 2001—2005. Data were collected via self‐report using students’ applications for admission to the HSDM DMD programme on which students provided information regarding whether they had prior dental assisting experience, including the type and duration of the experience and whether one or both of their parents were dentists. Data on the students’ undergraduate science grade point average, Dental Admission Test academic average, Perceptual Ability Test (PAT) score, NBDE Part I and HSDM course grades (three pre‐clinical and five clinical assessment categories) were collected from the Office of the Registrar. The pre‐clinical categories included the first Oral Comprehensive Exam and the first two classes of the pre‐clinical portion of the dental school, Treatment of Active Disease (TxAD) and Restorative Treatment (RTx). The clinical categories included the second Oral Comprehensive Exam and the cumulative grades received for the clinical procedures performed during the third and fourth years in the fields of Endodontics, Operative Dentistry, Periodontics and Prosthodontics. Descriptive and bivariate statistical analyses were performed and included in a multiple logistic regression model.Results:  The results revealed that for the variable of prior dental‐assisting experience, no statistically significant differences were noted in the pre‐clinical and clinical assessment categories. However, students who had any amount of assisting experience were 2.2 times more likely to earn a grade of honours in TxAD compared with students who did not have assisting experience (P = 0.05). Students with a parent who was a dentist performed better only in Operative Dentistry clinical assessment compared with students without a dentist parent (P < 0.05).Conclusions:  Information on prior dental‐assisting experience and having a parent who is a dentist have minimal merits for use as predictive agents based on these findings. Dental school admissions committees should continue to review a full spectrum of variables and ensure an applicant’s true interest and motivation to pursue a career in dentistry.
Intrinsic GTPase activity of a bacterial twin‐arginine translocation proofreading chaperone induced by domain swapping
Authors: Guymer David , Maillard Julien , Agacan Mark F. , Brearley Charles A. , Sargent Frank 
Published: January 2010

The bacterial twin‐arginine translocation (Tat) system is a protein targeting pathway dedicated to the transport of folded proteins across the cytoplasmic membrane. Proteins transported on the Tat pathway are synthesised as precursors with N‐terminal signal peptides containing a conserved amino acid motif. In Escherichia coli, many Tat substrates contain prosthetic groups and undergo cytoplasmic assembly processes prior to the translocation event. A pre‐export ‘Tat proofreading’ process, mediated by signal peptide‐binding chaperones, is considered to prevent premature export of some Tat‐targeted proteins until all other assembly processes are complete. TorD is a paradigm Tat proofreading chaperone and co‐ordinates the maturation and export of the periplasmic respiratory enzyme trimethylamine N‐oxide reductase (TorA). Although it is well established that TorD binds directly to the TorA signal peptide, the mechanism of regulation or control of binding is not understood. Previous structural analyses of TorD homologues showed that these proteins can exist as monomeric and domain‐swapped dimeric forms. In the present study, we demonstrate that isolated recombinant TorD exhibits a magnesium‐dependent GTP hydrolytic activity, despite the absence of classical nucleotide‐binding motifs in the protein. TorD GTPase activity is shown to be present only in the domain‐swapped homodimeric form of the protein, thus defining a biochemical role for the oligomerisation. Site‐directed mutagenesis identified one TorD side‐chain (D68) that was important in substrate selectivity. A D68W variant TorD protein was found to exhibit an ATPase activity not observed for native TorD, and an in vivo assay established that this variant was defective in the Tat proofreading process.Structured digital abstract
MINT‐7302371, MINT‐7302377: TorD (uniprotkb:P36662) and TorD (uniprotkb:P36662) bind (MI:0407) by molecular sieving (MI:0071)
MINT‐7302402: TorD (uniprotkb:P36662) and TorD (uniprotkb:P36662) bind (MI:0407) by comigration in non denaturing gel electrophoresis (MI:0404)
MINT‐7302387: TorD (uniprotkb:P36662) and TorD (uniprotkb:P36662) bind (MI:0407) by cosedimentation in solution (MI:0028)