bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Squark production with R-symmetry beyond NLO at the LHC
Authors: Borschensky Christoph , Frisenna Fausto , Kotlarski Wojciech , Kulesza Anna , Stöckinger Dominik 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The Minimal R-symmetric Supersymmetric Standard Model (MRSSM) provides a realisation of supersymmetry in which the parameter space is less constrained by the current LHC data than in the simplest supersymmetric scenarios. In the present paper, we obtain the most precise theoretical predictions in the MRSSM for squark production at the LHC, enabling accurate interpretations of LHC data in terms of the MRSSM. We perform threshold resummation of soft gluon corrections to the total cross sections for the production of squark-(anti)squark pairs at the LHC in the MRSSM framework. The resummation is carried out using the direct QCD method and reaches the next-to-next-to-leading-logarithmic (NNLL) accuracy, which requires calculating the one-loop matching coefficients in the relevant production channels. The resummed cross sections are then matched to the available NLO results and evaluated for $$ \sqrt{S} $$

S

= 13.6 TeV. Compared with the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM), the cross sections in the MRSSM can be significantly reduced, implying less stringent limits on squark and gluino masses. Our results carry significant implications for exploring the viability of supersymmetry at the LHC. The results of our calculation are publicly available as a numerical package.
Localization and attraction
Authors: Genolini Pietro Benetti , Gauntlett Jerome P. , Jiao Yusheng , Lüscher Alice , Sparks James 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We use equivariant localization to construct off-shell entropy functions for supersymmetric black holes in $$\mathcal{N}$$ = 2, D = 4 gauged supergravity coupled to matter. This allows one to compute the black hole entropy without solving the supergravity equations of motion and provides a novel generalization of the attractor mechanism. We consider magnetically charged black holes in AdS4 which have an AdS2 × M2 near horizon geometry, where M2 is a sphere or a spindle, and we also obtain entropy functions for ungauged supergravity as a simple corollary. We derive analogous results for black strings and rings in D = 5 supergravity which have an AdS3 × M2 near horizon geometry, and in this setting we derive an off-shell expression for the central charge of the dual $$\mathcal{N}$$ = (0, 2), d = 2 SCFT.
One-loop matching of the type-III seesaw model onto the Standard Model Effective Field Theory
Authors: Li Xu , Zhou Shun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In previous works [1, 2], we have performed the one-loop matching of both type-I and type-II seesaw models for neutrino masses onto the Standard Model Effective Field Theories (SMEFT). In the present paper, by matching the type-III seesaw model onto the SMEFT at the one-loop level, we complete this series of studies on the construction of low-energy effective field theories (EFTs) for the canonical seesaw models. After integrating out the heavy fermionic triplets in the type-III seesaw model via both functional and diagrammatic approaches, we find 33 dimension-six (dim-6) operators in the Warsaw basis and their Wilson coefficients, while the number of dim-6 operators is 31 (or 41) for the EFT of type-I (or type-II) seesaw model. Furthermore, we calculate the branching ratios of radiative decays of charged leptons in the EFT. Then, the relationship between the beta function of the quartic Higgs coupling λ in the full theory and that of λEFT in the EFT is clarified. Finally, we briefly discuss the phenomenological implications of three types of seesaw EFTs and propose working observables that are sensitive to the four-fermion operators, which could be used to distinguish among different seesaw models in collider experiments.
Sporadic dualities from tensor deconfinement
Authors: Amariti Antonio , Mantegazza Fabio , Morgante Davide 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this paper we give a field theory explanation of two confining dualities that have been proposed in the literature based on exact results from supersymmetric localization. The first confining model under investigation is 4d SU(Nc + 1) SQCD with a conjugate rank-2 anti-symmetric tensor, Nc + 3 anti-fundamentals, 2Nc fundamentals and a superpotential that couples the anti-symmetric tensor and the fundamentals. The second confining model studied here is 3d$$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 USp(4) gauge SQCD with two fundamentals, two rank-2 anti-symmetric tensors and vanishing superpotential. Here we prove that these models are confining by using the technique of deconfining the anti-symmetric tensors and then by flowing to the IR description by sequential dualities. As a bonus the analysis provides (alternative) proofs of the identities obtained from supersymmetric localization.
In silico simulation of glycosylation and related pathways
Authors: Akune-Taylor Yukie , Kon Akane , Aoki-Kinoshita Kiyoko F. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGlycans participate in a vast number of recognition systems in diverse organisms in health and in disease. However, glycans cannot be sequenced because there is no sequencer technology that can fully characterize them. There is no “template” for replicating glycans as there are for amino acids and nucleic acids. Instead, glycans are synthesized by a complicated orchestration of multitudes of glycosyltransferases and glycosidases. Thus glycans can vary greatly in structure, but they are not genetically reproducible and are usually isolated in minute amounts. To characterize (sequence) the glycome (defined as the glycans in a particular organism, tissue, cell, or protein), glycosylation pathway prediction using in silico methods based on glycogene expression data, and glycosylation simulations have been attempted. Since many of the mammalian glycogenes have been identified and cloned, it has become possible to predict the glycan biosynthesis pathway in these systems. By then incorporating systems biology and bioprocessing technologies to these pathway models, given the right enzymatic parameters including enzyme and substrate concentrations and kinetic reaction parameters, it is possible to predict the potentially synthesized glycans in the pathway. This review presents information on the data resources that are currently available to enable in silico simulations of glycosylation and related pathways. Then some of the software tools that have been developed in the past to simulate and analyze glycosylation pathways will be described, followed by a summary and vision for the future developments and research directions in this area.
Graphical Abstract
A chemical interpretation for the post-reversion upturn in the natural rubber/accelerated sulfur system based on the viscoelastic properties and cross-link density measurements
Authors: Pöschl Marek , Sathi Shibulal Gopi , Stoček Radek 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe curing cycle of natural rubber (NR) with a conventional accelerated sulfur system (CV) generally exhibits three phases. The induction phase, the crosslinking phase, and the reversion phase. Prolonged curing of NR/CV system even at a temperature of 150 °C can show reversion. Many research reports are available in the literature with reference to the reversion behavior and the subsequent network modifications of natural rubber with accelerated sulfur. However, the literature regarding post-reversion curing behavior is scanty. This article describes the post-reversion upturn of natural rubber with a conventional accelerator sulfur system at a higher curing temperature. A network rebuilding after collapsing the initially formed network due to reversion was identified as the primary reason for the post-reversion upturn. The dynamic rheological testing capability of the Rubber Process Analyzer (RPA) was employed to characterize the network formed during curing, reversion and post-reversion phases. The cure-strain sweep data from the RPA indicated that the shear storage modulus (G′) of the broken network increased due to the post-reversion upturn. The chemical crosslink densities of the samples were also found to increase due to the upturn curing behavior. From these experimental results and the information conceived from the previous literature, two plausible mechanisms have been proposed to interpret the post-reversion upturn cure behavior.
Myocardial work in chronic kidney disease: insights from the CPH-CKD ECHO Study
Authors: Olsen Flemming Javier , Landler Nino Emanuel , Christensen Jacob , Feldt-Rasmussen Bo , Hansen Ditte , Christoffersen Christina , Ballegaard Ellen Linnea Freese , Sørensen Ida Maria Hjelm , Bjergfelt Sasha Saurbrey , Seidelin Eline , Bro Susanne , Biering-Sørensen Tor 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Myocardial work is a novel echocardiographic measure that offers detailed insights into cardiac mechanics. We sought to characterize cardiac function by myocardial work in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods
We prospectively enrolled 757 patients with non-dialysis-dependent CKD and 174 age- and sex-matched controls. Echocardiographic pressure-strain loop analysis was performed to acquire the global work index (GWI). Linear regressions were performed to investigate the association between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urine albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR) to GWI.

Results
Patients with CKD had a mean age of 57 years, 61% were men, and median eGFR was 42 mL/min/1.73 m2. Overall, no difference in GWI was observed between patients and controls (1879 vs. 1943 mmHg%, p = 0.06). However, a stepwise decline in GWI was observed for controls vs. patients with CKD without left ventricular hypertrophy vs. patients with CKD and left ventricular hypertrophy (GWI, 1943 vs. 1887 vs. 1789 mmHg%; p for trend = 0.030). In patients with CKD, eGFR was not associated with GWI by linear regression. However, diabetes modified this association (p for interaction = 0.007), such that per 10 mL/min/1.73 m2 decrease in eGFR, GWI decreased by 22 (9–35) mmHg% (p = 0.001) after multivariable adjustments in patients without diabetes, but with no association between eGFR and GWI in patients with diabetes. No association was observed between UACR and GWI.

Conclusion
Patients with CKD and left ventricular hypertrophy exhibited lower myocardial work compared to matched controls. Furthermore, decreasing eGFR was associated with decreasing myocardial work only in patients without diabetes. No association to UACR was observed.

Graphical Abstract
Characterization of the role of Facebook groups for patients who use scalp cooling therapy: a survey study
Authors: Rose Lucy , Novice Madison , Kobayashi Sonja , Minta Abena , Novice Taylor , Sicco Kristen Lo , Dulmage Brittany 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSince the emergence of scalp cooling therapy (SCT) for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced alopecia (CIA), support groups on social media platforms for interested patients have surfaced. Though there are over 20,000 active members across SCT Facebook groups, little is known about how members use this platform. A 23-question survey was posted in five scalp cooling Facebook groups, reaching 219 women. Results indicated that these Facebook groups play clear roles in providing the following: (1) a supportive community for patients, (2) instructions for SCT use, (3) advice regarding insurance coverage and reimbursement, and (4) recommendations for over-the-counter products for hair loss. Despite reported interest in hair loss products, only 5% of patients sought medical treatment from dermatologists. Due to group-specific access restrictions, private Facebook groups provide patients with a protected platform to learn more about SCT from both those with personal experience and SCT company specialists. Providers may consider recommending these online groups to interested patients during the scalp cooling counseling process. As patients with CIA express a growing interest in over-the-counter hair, eyebrow, and eyelash products, it is important for dermatologists to be aware of where their patients obtain recommendations, and further, if these recommendations have clinical evidence of efficacy.
Data-assisted training of a physics-informed neural network to predict the separated Reynolds-averaged turbulent flow field around an airfoil under variable angles of attack
Authors: Harmening Jan Hauke , Pioch Fabian , Fuhrig Lennart , Peitzmann Franz-Josef , Schramm Dieter , el Moctar Ould 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPhysics-informed neural networks are a promising method to yield surrogate models of flow fields. We present a metamodeling technique for variable geometries based on physics-informed neural networks. The method was applied to the DU99W350 airfoil at a Reynolds number of $$1\times 10^{5}$$

1
×

10
5

. Using our technique, the angle of attack was introduced as an additional input parameter of the network and the model was trained to predict the Reynolds-averaged velocity and pressure fields around the airfoil for arbitrary angles of attack between 10.0 and 17.5$$^{\circ }$$

∘

. Furthermore, we present an effective method to generate the training points for the parameterized geometry. The model was trained with data from simulations for a limited set of angles of attack. Additionally, satisfaction of the a priori known boundary conditions as well as the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations was attained. A sensitivity analysis concerning the Reynolds number, the amount and distribution of training data, and the turbulence model was conducted showing the superiority of the pseudo-Reynolds stress method and the demand for labeled training data in the domain. The trained network was capable of predicting the flow separation progressing with angle of attack on the suction surface and exhibited excellent agreement with numerically simulated results, even in the proximity of the wall for interpolations as well as extrapolations from the labeled data set. Our study demonstrates that physics-informed neural networks can be used to obtain accurate flow field surrogate models of variable geometries.
Improving balance using augmented visual orientation cues: a proof of concept
Authors: Albrecht Matthias , Streuber Stephan , Assländer Lorenz 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFalls are a major health concern. Existing augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality solutions for fall prevention aim to improve balance in dedicated training sessions. We propose a novel AR prototype as an assistive wearable device to improve balance and prevent falls in daily life. We use a custom head-mounted display toolkit to present augmented visual orientation cues in the peripheral field of view. The cues provide a continuous space-stationary visual reference frame for balance control using the user’s tracked head position. In a proof of concept study, users performed a series of balance trials to test the effect of the displayed visual cues on body sway. Our results showed that body sway can be reduced with our device, indicating improved balance. We also showed that superimposed movements of the visual reference in forward-backward or sideways directions induce respective sway responses. This indicates a direction-specific balance integration of the displayed cues. Based on our findings, we conclude that artificially generated visual orientation cues using AR can improve balance and could possibly reduce fall risk.
Not just cybersickness: short-term effects of popular VR game mechanics on physical discomfort and reaction time
Authors: Vlahovic Sara , Skorin-Kapov Lea , Suznjevic Mirko , Pavlin-Bernardic Nina 
Published: May 2024

AbstractUncomfortable sensations that arise during virtual reality (VR) use have always been among the industry’s biggest challenges. While certain VR-induced effects, such as cybersickness, have garnered a lot of interest from academia and industry over the years, others have been overlooked and underresearched. Recently, the research community has been calling for more holistic approaches to studying the issue of VR discomfort. Focusing on active VR gaming, our article presents the results of two user studies with a total of 40 participants. Incorporating state-of-the-art VR-specific measures (the Simulation Task Load Index—SIM-TLX, Cybersickness Questionnaire—CSQ, Virtual Reality Sickness Questionnaire—VRSQ) into our methodology, we examined workload, musculoskeletal discomfort, device-related discomfort, cybersickness, and changes in reaction time following VR gameplay. Using a set of six different active VR games (three per study), we attempted to quantify and compare the prevalence and intensity of VR-induced symptoms across different genres and game mechanics. Varying between individuals, as well as games, the diverse symptoms reported in our study highlight the importance of including measures of VR-induced effects other than cybersickness into VR gaming user studies, while questioning the suitability of the Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ)—arguably the most prevalent measure of VR discomfort in the field—for use with active VR gaming scenarios.
‘The rules of nature are changing; every year is unpredictable’: perceptions of climate change by beekeepers of Liguria, NW Italy
Authors: Remotti Fiammetta , Mattalia Giulia , Porporato Marco , Cevasco Roberta , Pieroni Andrea 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBeekeeping activity is a privileged lens for looking at the impacts of climate change since this human activity is profoundly and intimately embedded in the local ecology with particular reference to the flora. Therefore, we conducted 47 semi-structured interviews to identify the local perceptions of climate change impacts and their drivers among beekeepers of Liguria, a mountainous region of NW Italy. We found that beekeepers especially noticed changes in bee productivity and behaviour and melliferous flora productivity. Moreover, drought is a significant driver of changes in beekeeping as it affects both bees and melliferous plants. However, other drivers, namely alien species, pesticide spread, and abandonment of small-scale agriculture, also concur synergistically. We conclude that landscape planning sensitive to the needs and requests of beekeepers can further contribute to their adaptation to the impacts of climate change and reduce other detrimental phenomena on honeybee wellbeing by supporting small-scale agriculture to maintain a diverse landscape that provides fodder for pollinators.
Nest survival of Crested Lark (Galerida cristata) in intensively used habitats in Central Poland
Authors: Sandecki Rafał , Kosicki Jakub Z. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBreeding success of birds depends on survival during two critical stages of the reproductive period: First, egg laying and incubation, and then nestling and fledgling. This essential element of avian life history mirrors an evolutionary adaptation of parents to existing environmental conditions. The main factors that determine nest survival involve weather, predation and sibling competition. Despite numerous studies documenting their impact on breeding success, only a few have analysed the issue with regard to ground-nesting birds and estimated their survival functions. Therefore, we decided to examine nest survival probability of the Crested Lark (Galerida cristata) in a population that occupies newly established roadside habitats in Central Poland. The analysis is based on 141 nests monitored between 2018 and 2022. We found that the mean survival probability of the whole nesting period was 0.376, and it was higher during the egg stage (0.836) than during the nestling period (0.392). The Cox proportional hazards model shows that nest survival in the nestling stage is mainly affected by the time of breeding and the distance from the road edge, and also by mean temperature of the whole nesting period. In other words, the probability of a brood failure in the nestling stage decreases as the breeding season advances, whereas it increases among nests located closer to the road edge. Furthermore, during the whole nesting period, nest failure decreases as the temperature rises. Our study suggests that the Crested Lark, being a multi-brood and thermophilic species inhabiting temperate regions, may benefit more if its nesting attempts begin later during the season when breeding conditions become more favourable. However, we also take into consideration a hypothesis that nesting in grassy habitats near road edges may prove to be an ecological trap, attracting high densities of nesting birds but leading to their low nest success.
Sex/gender differences in general cognitive abilities: an investigation using the Leiter-3
Authors: Giofrè David , Toffalini Enrico , Esposito Lorenzo , Cornoldi Cesare 
Published: May 2024

AbstractResearch has shown that differences between males and females are not in general intelligence, but only in some specific factors and tasks. We used the Italian standardization of the Leiter-3, which is a completely nonverbal cognitive battery, to investigate the nature of sex/gender (we used sex/gender to reflect the awareness that the effects of biological ‘sex’ and socially constructed ‘gender’ cannot be easily separated and that most individuals’ identities are informed by both sex and gender) differences. In doing so we used a multigroup confirmatory factor analysis approach. Results confirmed that males and females perform similarly in general intelligence, but present with some specificities. Males perform better on some, but not all, tasks requiring the spatial manipulation of the stimuli, but females consistently outperform males in tasks such as the nonverbal Stroop, requiring inhibition and attention control to a larger extent. The clinical and practical implications of our findings are considerable. The identification of specific cognitive strengths and weaknesses in males and females underscores the importance of tailored approaches in clinical assessments and interventions.
Status assessment of a recently reintroduced eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) population in the Palatinate Forest, South-West Germany
Authors: Port Markus , Tröger Carolin , Hohmann Ulf 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTo reinforce Eurasian lynx populations in central Europe, 20 lynx from Slovakia and Switzerland were translocated to the Palatinate Forest between 2016 and 2020. Using a systematic camera trapping array consisting of 80 camera trapping sites in a 1,000 km² study area located in the centre of the approximately 1,800 km² Palatinate Forest, we aim to describe the status of the population in the final stages of the reintroduction project in winter and spring 2019/20 and 2020/21. We also use our data to provide a first estimate of population density of the newly established population. With an estimate of 0.52 independent individuals per 100 km², population density in the Palatinate Forest was still significantly lower than the densities of well-established reintroduced populations. The number of independent individuals detected in the study area decreased from 15 individuals in 2019/20 to 11 individuals in 2020/21, thus significantly below the number of lynx translocated. The low abundance in the Palatinate Forest can be explained by the dispersal of several individuals to the Vosges (France), which, together with the Palatinate Forest, form a continuous area of suitable lynx habitat of approximately 8,000 km². Our results may thus reflect the status of a young population that can expand over a potentially large area. Nevertheless, in light of the low population density, we strongly recommend a synchronized and harmonized transboundary monitoring program to keep track of the development of this important Franco-German lynx population. In case population density remains low, supportive measures need to be considered.