bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How does lifestyle intervention affect depressive symptoms? Results from the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study
Authors: Ruusunen A. , Voutilainen S. , Karhunen L. , Lehto S. M. , Tolmunen T. , Keinänen‐Kiukaanniemi S. , Eriksson J. , Tuomilehto J. , Uusitupa M. , Lindström J. 
Published: February 2012

Diabet. Med. 29, e126–e132 (2012)AbstractAims  To assess the effect of lifestyle intervention on depressive symptoms during a 36‐month randomized clinical trial designed to prevent Type 2 diabetes.Methods  A total of 522 middle‐aged participants, who were overweight or obese and had impaired glucose tolerance, were randomized to the lifestyle intervention or control group in the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study. The intervention group received individualized counselling aimed at reducing weight and increasing physical activity. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Beck Depression Inventory among a subgroup of 140 participants.Results  On study entry, the mean Beck Depression Inventory scores ± sd were 6.8 ± 5.6 in the intervention group and 6.7 ± 5.5 in the control group. Beck Depression Inventory scores reduced during the intervention study: the mean ± sd (95% CI) reduction was 0.90 ± 4.54 (−1.99 to −0.19) scores in the intervention group and 0.75 ± 4.47 (−1.80 to 0.31) in the control group, with no difference between the groups. In a stepwise linear multivariate regression analysis, the variables with the strongest associations with the change in Beck Depression Inventory scores were baseline Beck Depression Inventory scores, marital status, weight change and change of total energy intake (R2 = 0.209, P < 0.001).Conclusions  Participation in the study lowered depression scores, with no specific group effect. Among the lifestyle changes, particularly successful reduction of body weight was associated with the greater reduction of depressive symptoms. Thus, regardless of the intensity of the treatment, the success in executing alterations in one’s lifestyle and behaviour is associated with beneficial changes in mood.
Combining welfare mix and New Public Management: The case of long‐term care insurance in Germany
Authors: Theobald Hildegard 
Published: February 2012

Theobald H. Combining welfare mix and New Public Management: The case of long‐term care insurance in GermanyWith the introduction of Long‐term Care Insurance, Germany restructured formal care provision by implementing reforms inspired by New Public Management (NPM), emphasising the market, competition and efficiency. The article analyses the process of implementation of NPM measures within the preconditions of Germany's welfare mix of care responsibility and the political‐administrative system of the social insurance‐based welfare state. Conceptually, it combines welfare mix approaches with NPM concepts. Empirically, it is based on a literature review and representative statistics. The article reveals how the German assumptions on welfare mix paved the way for NPM reforms and how the social insurance‐based welfare state strengthened the position of the state. It shows the increase of for‐profit providers, tensions emerging due to new organisational forms of care provision and underlying values within welfare associations, and the situation of care workers. The analysis undermines the idea of NPM as a mere management technique.
In Search of Symbolic Markers: Transforming the Urbanized Landscape of the Rotterdam Rijnmond
Authors: Dembski Sebastian 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe change in the form of cities over the last few decades into amorphous patterns classified as Zwischenstadt (in‐between city) has encouraged many urban regions to launch planning strategies that address the urbanized landscape in city‐regions. Symbolic markers are used to signify spatial transformation and mobilize various public and private stakeholders (including citizens). As the mindset of people is institutionalized in old perceptions of urban life, strategies employing symbolic markers may be thought of as attempts at institutional innovation. I will argue that the imagination of new regional spaces in the urban fringe is often voluntaristic. Instituting imaginative reconstructions of the Zwischenstadt through symbolic markers relies on a very precise notion of institutional meaning in practice. Using the Rotterdam Rijnmond area in the Netherlands and its attempt to develop new images of the regional urban landscape as an example, I will show that the transformative potential of symbolic markers depends on the way existing cultural and institutional practices are recombined.RésuméAu cours des dernières décennies, les villes ont vu leur forme évoluer selon des schémas amorphes appelés Zwischenstadt (entre‐ville), poussant de nombreuses régions métropolitaines à entreprendre des stratégies d’aménagement pour résoudre la question de leur paysage urbanisé. Les «marqueurs symboliques» permettent de mettre en évidence la transformation spatiale et de mobiliser divers acteurs publics et privés (dont les habitants). Étant donné la vision normalisée de la population selon des perceptions anciennes de la vie urbaine, on peut considérer les stratégies qui recourent à ces marqueurs comme des tentatives d’innovation institutionnelle. Imaginer de nouveaux espaces régionaux à la périphérie urbaine est souvent une initiative volontariste. Par ailleurs, instituer les reconstructions imaginatives de la Zwischenstadt au moyen de marqueurs symboliques repose sur une notion très précise de la signification institutionnelle dans des situations pratiques. À partir du cas hollandais de la région de Rotterdam‐Rijnmond et de ses efforts d’élaboration de nouvelles images de son paysage métropolitain, cette étude montre que le potentiel de transformation des marqueurs symboliques dépend de la façon dont les pratiques culturelles et institutionnelles existantes sont recombinées.
Severe postpartum haemorrhage and mode of delivery: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Holm C , Langhoff‐Roos J , Petersen KB , Norgaard A , Diness BR 
Published: February 2012

Please cite this paper as: Holm C, Langhoff‐Roos J, Petersen KB, Norgaard A, Diness BR. Severe postpartum haemorrhage and mode of delivery: a retrospective cohort study. BJOG 2012;119:596–604.Objective  To examine the association between intended mode of delivery and severe postpartum haemorrhage.Design  A retrospective cohort study.Setting  Material from a nationwide study in Denmark.Population  Danish women giving birth in 2001–08.Methods  We compared use of red blood cell transfusion by intended mode of delivery in the total population (n = 382 266), in low‐risk nulliparous women (n = 147 132) and in women with a previous caesarean delivery (n = 25 156).Main outcome measure  Red blood cell transfusion within 7 days of delivery.Results  In the total population the crude transfusion rates for women with planned caesarean delivery and intended vaginal delivery were 2.24 and 1.75%. After adjustment for maternal age, body mass index, birthweight, smoking, parity, number of infants and previous caesarean delivery, the risk of red blood cell transfusion was significantly lower in women with planned caesarean delivery compared with intended vaginal delivery (odds ratio 0.82; 95% CI 0.73–0.92; P < 0.01). In low‐risk nulliparous women and in women with a previous caesarean delivery the transfusion rates were lower for planned caesarean delivery compared with intended vaginal delivery before and after adjustment.Conclusion  Compared with intended vaginal delivery, planned caesarean delivery was associated with a reduced risk of severe postpartum haemorrhage indicated by use of red blood cell transfusion.
Clinical utility of array comparative genomic hybridisation for prenatal diagnosis: a cohort study of 3171 pregnancies
Authors: Lee C‐N , Lin S‐Y , Lin C‐H , Shih J‐C , Lin T‐H , Su Y‐N 
Published: February 2012

Please cite this paper as: Lee C, Lin S, Lin C, Shih J, Lin T, Su Y. Clinical utility of array comparative genomic hybridisation for prenatal diagnosis: a cohort study of 3171 pregnancies. BJOG 2012;119:614–625.Objective  To evaluate the clinical value of prenatal array comparative genomic hybridisation (CGH) in screening for submicroscopic genomic imbalances.Design  Cross‐sectional study.Setting  Tertiary referral centre.Population  From June 2008 to February 2011, 3171 fetuses underwent prenatal array CGH testing and karyotyping at the National Taiwan University Hospital. Indications for invasive prenatal diagnosis included abnormal karyotype, abnormal ultrasound, advanced maternal age and parental anxiety.Methods  In all, 2497 fetuses were screened with 1‐Mb resolution bacterial artificial chromosome array‐based CGH, and 674 fetuses with 60‐K oligonucleotide array‐based CGH. Multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification, fluorescence in situ hybridization, or 105‐K oligonucleotide array CGH provided further confirmation.Main outcome measure  Copy number variations identified by array CGH.Results  Array CGH detected numerical chromosome anomalies in 37 (1.2%) fetuses, microdeletion/duplication in 34 (1.1%) fetuses, large deletion/duplication in 13 (0.4%) fetuses, benign copy number changes in 13 (0.4%) fetuses and variation of unknown clinical significance in five (0.2%) fetuses. Array CGH was effective in identifying submicroscopic genomic imbalance in fetuses with de novo balance translocations (2/17, 1.8%), supernumerary marker chromosomes (3/6, 50%), and abnormal prenatal ultrasound findings (33/194, 17.0%). Array CGH detected microdeletions/duplications in 12 fetuses with normal karyotype.Conclusion  Prenatal array CGH is effective in screening for submicroscopic genomic imbalance. Array CGH may add 8.2% to the diagnostic field, compared with conventional karyotyping, for fetuses with abnormal ultrasound results, and is particularly useful in fetuses with karyotypic balanced translocation or marker chromosomes. There is a 0.52% baseline risk of submicroscopic genomic imbalance, even in women with an uneventful prenatal examination.
Invasive alien predator causes rapid declines of native European ladybirds
Authors: Roy Helen E. , Adriaens Tim , Isaac Nick J. B. , Kenis Marc , Onkelinx Thierry , Martin Gilles San , Brown Peter M. J. , Hautier Louis , Poland Remy , Roy David B. , Comont Richard , Eschen René , Frost Robert , Zindel Renate , Van Vlaenderen Johan , Nedvěd Oldřich , Ravn Hans Peter , Grégoire Jean‐Claude , de Biseau Jean‐Christophe , Maes Dirk 
Published: February 2012

AbstractAim  Invasive alien species (IAS) are recognized as major drivers of biodiversity loss, but few causal relationships between IAS and species declines have been documented. In this study, we compare the distribution (Belgium and Britain) and abundance (Belgium, Britain and Switzerland) of formerly common and widespread native ladybirds before and after the arrival of Harmonia axyridis, a globally rapidly expanding IAS.Location  EuropeMethods  We used generalized linear mixed‐effects models (GLMMs) to assess the distribution trends of eight conspicuous and historically widespread and common species of ladybird within Belgium and Britain before and after the arrival of H. axyridis. The distribution data were collated largely through public participatory surveys but verified by a recognized expert. We also used GLMMs to model trends in the abundance of ladybirds using data collated through systematic surveys of deciduous trees in Belgium, Britain and Switzerland.Results  Five (Belgium) and seven (Britain) of eight species studied show substantial declines attributable to the arrival of H. axyridis. Indeed, the two‐spot ladybird, Adalia bipunctata, declined by 30% (Belgium) and 44% (Britain) over 5 years after the arrival of H. axyridis. Trends in ladybird abundance revealed similar patterns of declines across three countries.Main conclusion  Together, these analyses show H. axyridis to be displacing native ladybirds with high niche overlap, probably through predation and competition. This finding provides strong evidence of a causal link between the arrival of an IAS and decline in native biodiversity. Rapid biotic homogenization at the continental scale could impact on the resilience of ecosystems and severely diminish the services they deliver.
Thrombotic Microangiopathy: Current Knowledge and Outcomes With Plasma Exchange
Authors: Clark William F. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe classification of thrombotic microangiopathy has evolved and expanded due to treatment and mechanistic advances. The two basic clinical forms of thrombotic microangiopathy (excluding disseminated intravascular coagulation [DIC]), thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) encompass a wide range of primary and secondary forms. The advent of plasma therapy and the identification of an inhibitor to ADAMTS13 in the idiopathic or acute forms of TTP and its absence in diarrheal HUS have had a major impact on our current classification of thrombotic microangiopathy. In adults, the difficulty of differentiating TTP, which is much more common than HUS and the need for a speedy diagnosis to provide life‐saving plasma therapy has resulted in the term TTP/HUS for adult forms of thrombotic microangiopathy that present with unexplained thrombocytopenia and microangiopathic hemolytic anemia without a DIC. In this adult population a primary idiopathic and hereditary form as well as eight known secondary categories or clinical forms of TTP/HUS have been identified. HUS also embraces a primary (atypical HUS) and secondary forms (majority, diarrheal HUS secondary to Escherichia coli 0157:H7). In children, who present with HUS with no preceding history of diarrhea, plasma therapy is also offered on an urgent basis and studies are carried out to determine if they are suffering an abnormality in complement activation that may require eculizumab therapy. The advent of plasma therapy in the treatment of thrombotic microangiopathy has led to a clearer understanding of the role of ADAMTS13, both short‐ and long‐term outcomes and the need for future surveillance and intervention.
Borderline Personality Symptoms in Short‐Term and Long‐Term Abstinent Alcohol Dependence
Authors: Fein George , Nip Vincent 
Published: February 2012

BackgroundComorbidity of borderline personality disorder (BPD) and substance and alcohol use disorders (SUDs and AUDs) is very high. The literature suggests a negative synergy between BPD and SUDs, which may impact an individual's ability to achieve and maintain remission of either disorder in the face of the other.MethodsWe examined lifetime and current (past year) BPD symptom counts in 3 gender‐ and age‐comparable groups: short‐term abstinent alcoholics (STA, 6 to 15 weeks abstinent), long‐term abstinent alcoholics (LTA, more than 18 months abstinent), and nonsubstance‐abusing controls (NSAC). Abstinent individuals were recruited primarily from mutual‐help recovery networks and about half had comorbid drug dependence. BPD symptoms were obtained using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐IV‐TR Axis II Personality Disorders, followed up with questions regarding currency, but did not require that BPD symptoms represent persistent or pervasive behavior such as would meet criteria for BPD diagnosis. Thus, our study dealt only with BPD symptoms, not BPD diagnoses.ResultsAlcoholics had more lifetime and current symptoms for most all BPD criteria than NSAC. In general, STA and LTA did not differ in BPD symptoms, except for a group‐by‐gender effect for both lifetime and current anger‐associated symptoms and for lifetime abandonment avoidance symptoms. For these cases, there were much higher symptom counts for STA women versus men, with comparable symptom counts for LTA women versus men.ConclusionsOur results suggest for the most part that BPD symptoms do not prevent the maintenance of recovery in AUD and SUD individuals who have established at least 6 weeks abstinence within the mutual‐help recovery network—in fact the presence of BPD symptoms is the norm. However, we did find difficulty in establishing longer‐term abstinence in women with anger‐associated symptoms and abandonment avoidance symptoms.
Cardiac Pacemakers in Electric and Magnetic Fields of 400‐kV Power Lines
Authors: KORPINEN LEENA , KUISTI HARRI , ELOVAARA JARMO , VIRTANEN VESA 
Published: February 2012

Background:
The cardiac pacemaker (PM) implantation rate per million is high. Earlier studies have found interference to PMs by electromagnetic fields. The aim of the study is to investigate disturbances in cardiac PM using a human‐shaped phantom in electric and magnetic fields of 400‐kV power lines.
Methods:
The phantom was used in the following manner: isolated from the ground, grounded from left or right foot, or grounded from left or right hand.
Results:
Out of the tested PMs one had such a disturbance that it set the pace 60 times per minute, when the electric field was 6.7–7.5 kV/m and the magnetic field was 2.4–2.9 μT. The electrode configuration of the PM was unipolar. In bipolar configuration, the same PM had no disturbance. During the test period, other PMs only had minor disturbances or none at all. Some PMs do not record time information for minor disturbances. In such cases, it was impossible to link the disturbances to the exposure under the power line.
Conclusions:
The electric field under a 400‐kV power line may disturb a PM. However, only one type out of several tested PMs showed a major disturbance and that was only with a unipolar electrode configuration. The risk of disturbances is therefore not deemed to be high. PACE 2012; 35:422–430)
Feasibility of Transradial Coronary Angiography and Intervention Using a Single Ikari Left Guiding Catheter for ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: CHOW JEREMY , TAN CHONG HIOK , TIN AUNG SOE , ONG SEA HING , TAN VERN HSEN , GOH YEW SEONG , GAN HWA WOOI , TAN KOK SOON , LINGAMANAICKER JAYARAM 
Published: February 2012

Background:

Transradial coronary intervention (TRI) has been widely adopted in ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients but there is limited literature on the use of a single catheter for both diagnostic angiography and intervention. We aim to evaluate the feasibility and outcomes of TRI with a single Ikari left (IL) guiding catheter in STEMI patients.
Methods:

This is a retrospective study of 362 consecutive STEMI patients from August 2007 to December 2008. We assessed the feasibility of TRI with a single IL and compared this strategy with conventional transfemoral intervention (TFI) on the following outcomes: (1) door to perfusion time, (2) total procedural duration, (3) total fluoroscopy duration, and (4) major adverse cardiac events (MACE) by intention to treat analysis.
Results:

TRI was attempted in 185 patients. There were no failed radial cannulations. Overall success rate of primary TRI with a single IL was 96.9% and there were only 2 failures that required conversion to TFI. Compared to TFI, TRI with IL tended to a shorter median door to perfusion time, 90 (IQR 76.0 − 119.5) versus 98 (IQR 80.8 − 120.5) minutes (P = 0.07) and a shorter median procedure duration of 34 (IQR 27.0 − 45.0) versus 37 (IQR 28.0 − 49.3) minutes (P = 0.06). The median fluoroscopy duration was longer in the TRI group. MACE were comparable between the 2 groups.
Conclusion:

In experienced centers, TRI with a single IL catheter for STEMI is a feasible and effective approach and outcomes are comparable to conventional TFI. (J Interven Cardiol 2012;25:235–244)
Preparation and Electrical Properties of High‐TC Piezoelectric Ceramics of Strontium‐Substituted Bi(Ni1/2Ti1/2)O3–PbTiO3
Authors: Kang Huajun , Chen Jun , Liu Laijun , Hu Changzheng , Fang Liang , Xing Xianran 
Published: February 2012

A piezoelectric system of (1−x)Bi(Ni1/2Ti1/2)O3–x(Pb(1−y)SryTiO3) (BNT–PST) is developed to have good high temperature piezoelectric properties with much improved resistivity. The crystal structure shows that the phase transformation from tetragonal phase to rhombohedral one is gradually shifted to the composition with high content of PT by the substitution of strontium. The problem of leakage current for the Bi(Ni,Ti)O3–PbTiO3 can be well resolved by introducing the dopant of strontium. Both dielectric loss and DC resistivity can be much reduced not only at room temperature but also high temperature. An optimum composition of 0.53Bi(Ni1/2Ti1/2)O3–0.47(Pb0.95Sr0.05)TiO3 is obtained to have a good potential application of high temperature piezoelectric (d33 = 205 pC/N, EC = 3.32 kV/mm, Pr = 41.2 μC/cm2). Strontium could be a useful dopant for the studies on the high temperature piezoelectric ceramics in future.
Synthesis and Size Control of Tetragonal Barium Titanate Nanopowders by Facile Solvothermal Method
Authors: Lee Hyun‐Wook , Moon San , Choi Chang‐Hak , Kim Do Kyung 
Published: February 2012

A facile synthetic strategy was implemented to obtain nanosized barium titanate (BaTiO3) powders with tetragonal structure. The nanoparticles were synthesized using solvothermal process employing diethanolamine and triethanolamine to suppress the particle growth and the as‐prepared nanopowders were characterized using X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and high‐resolution dispersive Raman spectroscopy. It was found that the particle size can be easily tuned by adjusting the experimental parameters while retaining the tetragonality. The average diameters of the particles prepared with and without the organic amines were found to be 80 and 100 nm, respectively. All the synthesized BaTiO3 nanopowders exhibit a narrow size distribution with a uniform morphology. Rietveld refinement of the XRD patterns and Raman spectra revealed that the synthesized BaTiO3 nanopowders have tetragonal asymmetry dominant structures. A slight decrease in the tetragonality of the prepared powders with decrease in particle size is attributed to the presence of cubic shell layer and inner defects. The tetragonal‐dominant structure was also confirmed by normalizing the peak area of the Raman spectra.
Maternal heart rate patterns in the first and second stages of labor
Authors: VAN VEEN TEELKIEN R. , BELFORT MICHAEL A. , KOFFORD SHALECE 
Published: February 2012

Abstract Objective. To analyze typical maternal heart rate (MHR) patterns in the first and second stages of labor. Design. Observational study. Setting. Tertiary care community hospital. Population. Normal term parturients with epidural anesthesia. Methods. Confirmed MHR and uterine activity were simultaneously recorded. The average MHR was analyzed 10 seconds before, as well as at the peak of, each contraction and/or pushing effort. Each woman contributed one datapoint at each time point to the analysis. Main outcome measure. Change in MHR during contractions. Results. First stage: 7.6±2.1 contractions per woman (n=18) were analyzed. Average MHR decreased during contractions: from 83±13 to 74±10bpm; p<0.001). In 56% (10/18) of the women, ‘early’ type decelerations were seen in at least 50% of contractions. Second stage: 3.5±1.5 contractions per woman. All women (n=15) showed MHR accelerations during every pushing effort (ΔMHR: +35±13bpm; 88±14 to 123±17bpm; p<0.001). MHR was persistently >100bpm in three women (17%) in the first stage, and in four women (27%) in the second stage. Peak MHR >140bpm occurred during pushing in 20%. Conclusion. Decreases in MHR during contractions in the first stage of labor can mimic fetal heart rate (FHR) accelerations as well as early type decelerations. Thus, first stage tracings with a low baseline and early type decelerations may be maternal in origin and FHR should be independently confirmed in such tracings. Because second stage MHR accelerations generally show greater amplitude than FHR accelerations, tracings with repetitive accelerations during contractions (especially when Δ >20bpm) should be considered MHR until proven otherwise.