bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Origin and radiation of rissooidean gastropods (Caenogastropoda) in ancient lakes of Sulawesi
Authors: Zielske Susan , Glaubrecht Matthias , Haase Martin 
Published: January 2011

Zielske, S., Glaubrecht, M. & Haase, M. (2010). Origin and radiation of rissooidean gastropods (Caenogastropoda) in ancient lakes of Sulawesi. —Zoologica Scripta,40, 221–237.We investigated diversity and origin of as well as relationships among rissooidean gastropods from the ancient lakes of Sulawesi. Analyses of morphological, anatomical and genetic data (16S rRNA, COI and 18S rRNA) revealed ten new species:Sulawesidrobia perempuansp. n., which is probably parthenogenetic,Sulawesidrobia soedjatmokoisp. n.,Sulawesidrobia mahalonaensissp. n.,Sulawesidrobia ancepssp. n.,Sulawesidrobia bicolorsp. n.,Sulawesidrobia megalodonsp. n.,Sulawesidrobia abreuisp. n.,Sulawesidrobia datarsp. n.,Sulawesidrobia yunusisp. n. andSulawesidrobia towutiensissp. n. In two cases morphological and anatomical differentiation between pairs of species were not paralleled by genetic differentiation suggesting young speciation events and incomplete lineage sorting as a likely explanation. A Bayesian phylogenetic analysis including representatives of most rissooidean families placedSulawesidrobiaPonder & Haase 2005among Tateidae and thus indicated an Australasian origin of the genus. Relationships among the Sulawesian species suggested that isolated Lake Poso was colonised only once whereas the lakes of the Malili system experienced repeated colonizations.
Nicorandil ameliorates ischaemia‐reperfusion injury in the rat kidney
Authors: Shimizu Shogo , Saito Motoaki , Kinoshita Yukako , Ohmasa Fumiya , Dimitriadis Fotios , Shomori Kohei , Hayashi Atsushi , Satoh Keisuke 
Published: January 2011

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSENicorandil, an ATP‐sensitive potassium (KATP) channel opener and nitric oxide donor, is used in the treatment of angina and acute heart failure. Here we investigated the effects of two KATPchannel openers, nicorandil and cromakalim on ischaemia reperfusion (I‐R) injury in the kidney.EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHRight nephrectomy was performed in 8‐week‐old male Sprague‐Dawley rats and they were then divided into six groups: control group; I‐R, including 30 min of left renal ischaemia followed by 24 h of reperfusion; I‐R groups plus nicorandil 3 or 10 mg·kg−1i.p.; and I‐R groups plus cromakalim 100 or 300 µg·kg−1i.p. After reperfusion, renal function was estimated by serum creatinine (SCr), urinary albumin : creatinine ratio (ACR) and urinary β2‐microglobulin (β2‐MG). Levels of KATPchannel subtypes were investigated by Western blot. Kidney sections were stained for 4‐hydroxy‐2‐nonenal and 8‐hydroxy‐2′‐deoxyguanosine.KEY RESULTSRenal I‐R induced significant increases in SCr, ACR and β2‐MG levels compared with the control animals. Treatment with KATPchannel openers reduced urinary β2‐MG levels, raised by I‐R. Both KIR6.1 and KIR6.2 channels were expressed. Expression of KIR6.2 channels in the I‐R group was lower than in the control group, which was restored to normal by treatment with KATPchannel openers. Histologically, severe acute tubular damage was observed in the I‐R kidney and this damage was ameliorated by KATPchannel openers, dose‐dependently.CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONSATP‐sensitive potassium channel openers protected against proximal tubule damage after I‐R injury. Nicorandil could represent a powerful additional component in the treatment of patients undergoing partial nephrectomy or renal transplantation.
CCAAT/ enhancer‐binding protein β activation by capsaicin contributes to the regulation of CYP1A1 expression, mediated by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor
Authors: Han Eun Hee , Hwang Yong Pil , Kim Hyung Gyun , Choi Jai Ho , Park Bong Hwan , Song Gye Yong , Lee Gye Won , Jeong Tae Cheon , Jeong Hye Gwang 
Published: January 2011

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSECapsaicin, a constituent of peppers, has been linked to the suppression of tumorigenesis and carcinogenesis. The influence of capsaicin on cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1, which is involved in metabolism of carcinogens, and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we examined the effect of capsaicin on CYP1A1 expression in mouse hepatoma cells.EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHMurine hepatoma Hepa‐1c1c7 cells were incubated with capsaicin and/or 3‐methylcholanthrene (3‐MC). Effects of capsaicin on CYP1A1 levels were determined by analysing mRNA expression, transcription activity and protein expression. Regulation of CYP1A1 was investigated by determining transcriptional factor expression, activation and binding activity with cotreatment with target signal antagonists.KEY RESULTSCapsaicin alone slightly induced CYP1A1 activity, mRNA expression, protein level and promoter activity. Treatment with transient receptor potential vanilloid type‐1 receptor (TRPV1) or aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) antagonist decreased induction of CYP1A1 expression by capsaicin. Additionally, capsaicin significantly inhibited 3‐MC‐induced CYP1A1 mRNA and protein level and xenobiotic response element–luciferase activity. Capsaicin also inhibited 3‐MC‐induced AhR transactivation and nuclear localization of AhRs. Moreover, capsaicin increased Ca2+/calmodulin (CaM)‐dependent protein kinase (CaMK) and CCAAT/ enhancer‐binding protein β (C/EBPβ) activation, downstream of TRPV1 receptors. Capsaicin‐induced C/EBPβ activation inhibited induction of CYP1A1 mRNA and protein by 3‐MC.CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONSCapsaicin alone weakly induced CYP1A1 expression, and 3‐MC‐induced CYP1A1 levels were suppressed by capsaicin. Activation of C/EBPβ and inhibition of 3‐MC‐induced AhR transactivation by capsaicin contributed to the suppression of CYP1A1 expression. Capsaicin has a potential chemopreventive effect through inhibiting induction of CYP1A1 by poly aryl hydrocarbons.
Ex Ante Evaluation of Drought‐Tolerant Varieties in Eastern and Central Africa
Authors: Kostandini Genti , Mills Bradford , Mykerezi Elton 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThis study presents a model to estimate potential benefits of drought‐tolerant varieties of maize, sorghum and millet in Kenya, Uganda and the Amhara region of Ethiopia. In addition to the benefits from mean yield increases, the model takes into account risk benefits associated with yield‐stabilising varieties. Ex ante estimates provided for different drought zones and for different household types within drought zones of each country suggest that drought resistance generates substantial benefits from both mean yield improvements and yield variance reductions for both consumers and small, medium and large producers.
The Incidence of EU Per‐Hectare Payments on Farmland Rental Rates: A Spatial Econometric Analysis of German Farm‐Level Data
Authors: Breustedt Gunnar , Habermann Hendrik 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThis article analyses determinants for 2001 farmland rental prices from 3,819 farms in Germany. Based on specification tests we estimate a general spatial model to account for both spatial relationships among rental prices of neighbouring farmers and spatially autocorrelated error terms. A €1 per hectare higher rental price in a farmer’s neighbourhood coincides with a €0.72 higher rental price paid by the farmer. The marginal incidence of EU per‐hectare payments paid for eligible arable crop land on rental rates amounts to €0.38 for each additional €1 of premium payments. Regional livestock density, which is indirectly influenced by different policies, is also a major determinant of rental prices. Results are confirmed by sensitivity analyses. Consequently, German farmland rental rates are heavily influenced by agricultural policy instruments and therefore, these policies exhibit substantial distributional effects.
The impact of land reallocation on technical efficiency: evidence from China
Authors: Zhang Yanjie , Wang Xiaobing , Glauben Thomas , Brümmer Bernhard 
Published: January 2011

AbstractChina's rural reforms expose farm households to an increased risk of administrative land reallocation and adjustment. This study explores the impact of land reallocation on technical efficiency, based on a panel data set from rural households in Zhejiang, Hubei, and Yunnan provinces between 1995 and 2002. Our research indicates that the development of a land rental market could serve as a substitute for administrative land reallocation in optimizing the distribution of land resources. The results from the stochastic frontier production function show that land reallocation does have effects on technical efficiency. The different signs for different provinces indicate that the impact of land reallocation on technical efficiency is an empirical issue and depends on the specific institutional settings and the overall economic environment in each province.
Hypothyroidism caused by phenobarbital affects patterns of estrous cyclicity in rats
Authors: Li Yumei , Kumazawa Toshihiko , Ishiguro Tsukasa , Kawakami Yuriko , Nishitani Hiromi , Tagawa Yoshiaki , Matsumoto Yukiharu 
Published: January 2011

ABSTRACTWe found that repeated treatment with phenobarbital (PB), a thyroid modulator, resulted in a persistent estrous stage in the present study. Although the effects of PB in blocking the surge release of luteinizing hormone (LH), inducing anovulation and prolonging the diestrous period has been well established, there is still no research describing the appearance of persistent estrous states in normal cycling rats dosed with PB. To further study this phenomenon, female rats exhibiting regular estrous cycle were administered an oral dose of PB for 14 consecutive days. Consecutively, vaginal smears were observed and rats from all the groups were sacrificed and serum hormone levels for prolactin, progesterone, estradiol, triiodothyronin (T3), thyroxine (T4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were measured. Pituitary, thyroid, liver, uteri and ovaries were excised, weighed and further subjected to histological observations. We found that PB induced irregular estrous cycles, especially persistent estrus in rats. Histopathologically, the persistent estrous stages are characterized by persistent vaginal cornification in the vagina, cystic follicles and anovulation in the ovaries. Endocrinologically, serum T3 and T4 levels were significantly lower, and TSH was higher in treated‐female rats compared to control females. The serum estradiol level and the estradiol/progesterone ratio tend to increase in treated‐females. Furthermore, PB‐treated animals with irregular estrous cycle were reduced by T4 replacement. Our data indicate that treatment with PB resulted in hypothyroidism and irregular estrous cycle, particularly a persistent estrous stage in normal cycling female rats.
Comparison of the k-nearest neighbor technique with geographical calibration for estimating forest growing stock volumeThis article is one of a selection of papers from Extending Forest Inventory and Monitoring over Space and Time.
Authors: Yim Jong Su , Kim Young Hwan , Kim Sung Ho , Jeong Jin Hyun , Shin Man Yong 
Published: January 2011

National Forest Inventories (NFIs) have been used in many countries to assess forest resources at the national level. To facilitate the estimation of forest growing stock volume at more regional scales, the k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) technique was applied in this research to obtain estimates for unmeasured areas by using NFI field data and optical satellite data. The NFI field data were assigned to data sets of three different sample sizes to evaluate the effect of sample size on the accuracy of k-NN estimates. In small-area estimation, calibration techniques, in which samples surveyed outside a county of interest are employed to produce estimates for the county, are often adopted due to the lack of sample observations for the county of interest. Thus, the k-NN estimates, forest growing stock volume and areal proportions by forest types, were compared with estimates obtained from field data with and without calibration. The results indicated that the accuracy of k-NN estimates could be improved as sample size increased. Also, the k-NN technique provided acceptable estimates for small-area estimation. Although there was no significant difference with the calibration approach (p > 0.18), k-NN has potential for small-area estimation and is useful to generate thematic maps of forest attributes.
P SYSTEMS AND TOPOLOGY: SOME SUGGESTIONS FOR RESEARCH
Authors: FRISCO PIERLUIGI , HOOGEBOOM HENDRIK JAN 
Published: January 2011

Lately, some studies linked the computational power of abstract computing systems based on multiset rewriting to Petri nets and the computation power of these nets to their topology. In turn, the computational power of these abstract computing devices can be understood just looking at their topology, that is, information flow. This line of research is very promising for several aspects: (i) its results are valid for a broad range of systems based on multiset rewriting; (ii) it allows to know the computational power of abstract computing devices without tedious proofs; (iii) it links computational power to topology and, in this way, it opens a broad range of questions. In this paper we summarise the known results on this topic and we list a few suggestions for research together with the relevance of possible outcomes.
Human CD59 Inhibitor Sensitizes Rituximab-Resistant Lymphoma Cells to Complement-Mediated Cytolysis
Authors: Hu Weiguo , Ge Xiaowen , You Tao , Xu Ting , Zhang Jinyan , Wu Gongxiong , Peng Zhihai , Chorev Michael , Aktas Bertal H. , Halperin Jose A. , Brown Jennifer R. , Qin Xuebin 
Published: January 2011

Abstract
Rituximab efficacy in cancer therapy depends in part on induction of complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC). Human CD59 (hCD59) is a key complement regulatory protein that restricts the formation of the membrane attack complex, thereby inhibiting induction of CDC. hCD59 is highly expressed in B-cell non–Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), and upregulation of hCD59 is an important determinant of the sensitivity of NHL cells to rituximab treatment. Here, we report that the potent hCD59 inhibitor rILYd4 enhances CDC in vitro and in vivo, thereby sensitizing rituximab-resistant lymphoma cells and primary chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells (CLL) to rituximab treatment. By defining pharmcokinetic/pharmacodynamic profiles of rILYd4 in mice, we showed that by itself rILYd4 does not adversely mediate in vivo hemolysis of hCD59-expressing erythrocytes. Increasing expression levels of the complement regulators CD59 and CD55 in rituximab-resistant cells occur due to selection of preexisting clones rather than de novo induction of these proteins. Moreover, lymphoma cells overexpressing CD59 were directly responsible for the resistance to rituximab-mediated CDC therapy. Our results rationalize the use of rILYd4 as a therapeutic adjuvant for rituximab treatment of rituximab-resistant lymphoma and CLL. Furthermore, they suggest that preemptive elimination of CD59-overexpressing subpopulations along with rituximab treatment may be a useful approach to ablate or conquer rituximab resistance. Cancer Res; 71(6); 2298–307. ©2011 AACR.
Overexpression of HMGA2 Promotes Metastasis and Impacts Survival of Colorectal Cancers
Authors: Wang Xiaochen , Liu Xiyong , Li Angela Ying-Jian , Chen Lirong , Lai Lily , Lin Her Helen , Hu Shuya , Yao Lifang , Peng Jiaping , Loera Sofia , Xue Lijun , Zhou Bingsen , Zhou Lun , Zheng Shu , Chu Peiguo , Zhang Suzhan , Ann David Kong , Yen Yun 
Published: January 2011

Abstract
Purpose: This study aims to address the hypothesis that the high-mobility group A2 (HMGA2), an oncofetal protein, relates to survivability and serves as a prognostic biomarker for colorectal cancer (CRC).
Experimental Design: This is a retroprospective multiple center study. The HMGA2 expression level was determined by performing immunohistochemistry on surgical tissue samples of 89 CRCs from a training set and 191 CRCs from a validation set. The Kaplan–Meier analysis and COX proportional hazard model were employed to analyze the survivability.
Results: Multivariate logistic analysis indicated that the expression of HMGA2 significantly correlates with distant metastasis in training set (odds ratio, OR = 3.53, 95% CI: 1.37–9.70) and validation set (OR = 6.38, 95% CI: 1.47–43.95). Survival analysis revealed that the overexpression of HMGA2 is significantly associated with poor survival of CRC patients (P &lt; 0.05). The adjusted HRs for overall survival were 2.38 (95% CI: 1.30–4.34) and 2.14 (95% CI: 1.21–3.79) in training and validation sets, respectively. Further investigation revealed that HMGA2 delays the clearance of γ-H2AX in HCT-116 and SW480 cells post γ-irradiation, which supports our finding that CRC patients with HMAG2-positive staining in primary tumors had augmented the efficacy of adjuvant radiotherapy (HR = 0.18, 95% CI: 0.04–0.63).
Conclusion: Overexpression of HMGA2 is associated with metastasis and unequivocally occurred in parallel with reduced survival rates of patients with CRC. Therefore, HMGA2 may potentially serve as a biomarker for predicting aggressive CRC with poor survivability and as an indicator for better response of radiotherapy. Clin Cancer Res; 17(8); 2570–80. ©2011 AACR.
Enhanced Anticancer Effect of the Combination of Cisplatin and TRAIL in Triple-Negative Breast Tumor Cells
Authors: Xu Liping , Yin Shuping , Banerjee Sanjeev , Sarkar Fazlul , Reddy Kaladhar B. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractWomen with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) have a worse prognosis compared with other breast cancer subtypes. Hormonal or Herceptin-based therapies were found to be ineffective because of the loss of target receptors, such as ER, PR, and HER-2 amplification. Conventional chemo- and/ or radiation therapy also seems to have limited efficacy in TNBC patients. We studied the effects of cisplatin plus TRAIL on 1 normal and 2 TNBC cells in vitro. The in vitro studies indicate that cisplatin plus TRAIL significantly enhanced cell death in TNBC cell lines CRL2335 and MDA-MB-468 by approximately 60%–70% compared with approximately 10%–15% in CRL8799 normal breast cell line. Treatment with cisplatin/TRAIL also inhibited the expression of EGFR, p63, survivin, Bcl-2, and Bcl-xL in TNBC cells. Specific inhibition of EGFR and/or p63 protein in TNBC cells by small interfering RNA (siRNA) does not increase TRAIL-induced apoptosis. However, inhibition of survivin by siRNA enhances TRAIL-induced apoptosis. These observations suggested the possibility that survivin played an important role in cisplatin plus TRAIL-induced apoptosis in TNBC cells. In vivo experiments, treatment of mice with cisplatin plus TRAIL resulted in a significant inhibition of CRL2335 xenograft tumors compared with untreated control tumors. Taken together the data suggest that cisplatin plus TRAIL treatment have the potential of providing a new strategy for improving the therapeutic outcome in TNBC patients. Mol Cancer Ther; 10(3); 550–7. ©2011 AACR.
Global microRNA Analysis of the NCI-60 Cancer Cell Panel
Authors: Søkilde Rolf , Kaczkowski Bogumil , Podolska Agnieszka , Cirera Susanna , Gorodkin Jan , Møller Søren , Litman Thomas 
Published: January 2011

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNA) are a group of short noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. They are involved in many biological processes, including development, differentiation, apoptosis, and carcinogenesis. Because miRNAs may play a role in the initiation and progression of cancer, they comprise a novel class of promising diagnostic and prognostic molecular markers and potential drug targets. By applying an LNA-enhanced microarray platform, we studied the expression profiles of 955 miRNAs in the NCI-60 cancer cell lines and identified tissue- and cell-type–specific miRNA patterns by unsupervised hierarchical clustering and statistical analysis. A comparison of our data to three previously published miRNA expression studies on the NCI-60 panel showed a remarkably high correlation between the different technical platforms. In addition, the current work contributes expression data for 369 miRNAs that have not previously been profiled. Finally, by matching drug sensitivity data for the NCI-60 cells to their miRNA expression profiles, we found numerous drug–miRNAs pairs, for which the miRNA expression and drug sensitivity profiles were highly correlated and thus represent potential candidates for further investigation of drug resistance and sensitivity mechanisms. Mol Cancer Ther; 10(3); 375–84. ©2011 AACR.
Cosegregation of Aortic Root Atherosclerosis and Intermediate Lipid Phenotypes on Chromosomes 2 and 8 in an Intercross of C57BL/6 and BALBc/ByJ Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor
−/−
Mice
Authors: Burkhardt Ralph , Sündermann Simon , Ludwig Doris , Ceglarek Uta , Holdt Lesca M. , Thiery Joachim , Teupser Daniel 
Published: January 2011

Objective—
We sought to identify novel atherosclerosis-modifying loci and their potential functional links in a genome-wide approach using cosegregation analysis of atherosclerosis and related intermediate phenotypes in mice.

Methods and Results—

We carried out an F2 intercross between atherosclerosis-susceptible C57BL/6 mice and atherosclerosis-resistant BALB/cByJ mice on the low-density lipoprotein receptor
−/−
background to examine the genetic basis for their differences in atherosclerosis susceptibility. Atherosclerotic lesion size and a comprehensive panel of 61 atherosclerosis-related phenotypes, including plasma levels of lipids, cytokines, and chemokines were measured in 376 F2 mice. Quantitative trait locus mapping revealed a novel significant locus (logarithm of odds, 6.18) for atherosclerosis on proximal mouse chromosome (Chr) 2 (Ath39), which was associated with major variations in lesion size (14%). Plasma very-low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, lanosterol, and phytosterol levels cosegregated with atherosclerosis at this locus. Moreover, these lipid traits showed significant correlations with lesion size, suggesting that they share the same underlying genetic factor. We also describe a second male-specific locus on Chr 8 (Ath40) where atherosclerosis and lipids cosegregated.

Conclusion—
Our study revealed new loci for atherosclerosis susceptibility on mouse Chr 2 and 8, which might exert their effects on lesion size via plasma lipid levels.
Event-related Repetitive TMS Reveals Distinct, Critical Roles for Right OFA and Bilateral Posterior STS in Judging the Sex and Trustworthiness of Faces
Authors: Dzhelyova Milena P. , Ellison Amanda , Atkinson Anthony P. 
Published: January 2011

Abstract
Judging the sex of faces relies on cues related to facial morphology and spatial relations between features, whereas judging the trustworthiness of faces relies on both structural and expressive cues that signal affective valence. The right occipital face area (OFA) processes structural cues and has been associated with sex judgments, whereas the posterior STS processes changeable facial cues related to muscle movements and is activated when observers judge trustworthiness. It is commonly supposed that the STS receives inputs from the OFA, yet it is unknown whether these regions have functionally dissociable, critical roles in sex and trustworthiness judgments. We addressed this issue using event-related, fMRI-guided repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). Twelve healthy volunteers judged the sex of individually presented faces and, in a separate session, whether those same faces were trustworthy or not. Relative to sham stimulation, RTs were significantly longer for sex judgments when rTMS was delivered over the right OFA but not the right or left STS, and for trustworthiness judgments on male but not female faces when rTMS was delivered over the right STS or left STS but not the right OFA. Nonetheless, an analysis of the RT distributions revealed a possible critical role also for the right OFA in trustworthiness judgments, limited to faces with longer RTs, perhaps reflecting the later, ancillary use of structural cues related to the sex of the face. On the whole, our findings provide evidence that evaluations of the trustworthiness and sex of faces rely on functionally dissociable cortical regions.