bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Amphiphilic PEG‐grafted poly(ester‐carbonate)s: Synthesis and diverse nanostructures in water
Authors: Zhu Weipu , Wang Ying , Zhang Qiujin , Shen Zhiquan 
Published: September 2011

AbstractNovel biodegradable amphiphilic graft copolymers containing hydrophobic poly(ester‐carbonate) backbone and hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) side chains were synthesized by a combination of ring‐opening polymerization and “click” chemistry. First, the ring‐opening copolymerization of 5,5‐dibromomethyl trimethylene carbonate (DBTC) and ε‐caprolactone (CL) was performed in the presence of stannous octanoate [Sn(Oct)2] as catalyst, resulting in poly(DBTC‐co‐CL) with pendant bromo groups. Then the pendant bromo groups were completely converted into azide form, which permitted “click” reaction with alkyne‐terminated PEG by Huisgen 1,3‐dipolar cycloadditions to give amphiphilic biodegradable graft copolymers. The graft copolymers were characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectra and gel permeation chromatography measurements, which confirmed the well‐defined graft architecture. These copolymers could self‐assemble into micelles in aqueous solution. The size and morphologies of the copolymer micelles were measured by transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering, which are influenced by the length of PEG and grafting density. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011.
Stereoregular polycarbonate synthesis: Alternating copolymerization of CO2 with aliphatic terminal epoxides catalyzed by multichiral cobalt(III) complexes
Authors: Ren Wei‐Min , Liu Ye , Wu Guang‐Peng , Liu Jie , Lu Xiao‐Bing 
Published: September 2011

AbstractCompletely stereoregular polycarbonate synthesis was achieved with the use of unsymmetric multichiral cobalt‐based complexes bearing a derived chiral BINOL and an appended 1,5,7‐triabicyclo[4.4.0] dec‐5‐ene as catalyst for the copolymerization of CO2 and aliphatic terminal epoxides at mild conditions. The (S,S,S)‐Co(III) complex 1c with sterically hindered substituent group is more stereoregular catalyst for the copolymerization of CO2 and racemic propylene oxide to afford a perfectly regioregular poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC), with >99% head‐to‐tail linkages, >99% carbonate linkages, and a Krel of 24.4 for the enchainment of (R)‐epoxide over (S)‐epoxide. The isotactic PPC exhibits an enhanced glass transition temperature of 47 °C, which is 10–12 °C higher than that of the corresponding irregular polycarbonate. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011.
Covalent polymeric modification of graphene nanosheets via surface‐initiated single‐electron‐transfer living radical polymerization
Authors: Chen Xiaoyi , Yuan Li , Yang Pengyuan , Hu Jianhua , Yang Dong 
Published: September 2011

AbstractGraphene nanosheets offer intriguing electronic, thermal, and mechanical properties and are expected to find a variety of applications in high‐performance nanocomposite materials. Dispersal of graphene nanosheets in polymer hosts and precise interface control are challenging due to their strong interlayer cohesive energy and surface inertia. Here, an efficient strategy is presented for growing polymers directly from the surface of reduced graphene oxide (GO). This method involves the covalent attachment of Br‐containing initiating groups onto the surface of hydrazine hydrate reduced GO via a diazonium addition and the succeeding linking of poly(tert‐butyl methacrylate) (PtBMA) chains (71.7 wt % grafting efficiency) via surface‐initiated single‐electron‐transfer living radical polymerization (SET‐LRP) to graphene nanosheets. The resulting materials were characterized by using a range of testing techniques and it was proved that polymer chains were successfully introduced to the surface of exfoliated graphene sheets. After grafting with PtBMA, the modified graphene sheets still maintained the separated single layers, and the dispersibility was improved significantly. The method is believed to offer possibilities for optimizing the processing properties and interface structure of graphene–polymer nanocomposites. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011.
Home‐based physical activity intervention for colorectal cancer survivors
Authors: Pinto Bernardine M. , Papandonatos George D. , Goldstein Michael G. , Marcus Bess H. , Farrell Nancy 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe efficacy of a home‐based physical activity (PA) intervention for colorectal cancer patients versus contact control was evaluated in a randomized controlled trial.MethodsForty‐six patients (mean age = 57.3 years [SD = 9.7], 57% female, mean = 2.99 years post‐diagnosis [SD = 1.64]) who had completed treatment for stages 1–3 colorectal cancer were randomized to telephone counseling to support PA (PA group, n = 20) or contact control (control group, n = 26). PA group participants received 3 months of PA counseling (based on the transtheoretical model and the social cognitive theory) delivered via telephone, as well as weekly PA tip sheets. Assessments of PA (Seven‐day Physical Activity Recall [7‐day PAR] and Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors [CHAMPS]), submaximal aerobic fitness (Treadwalk test), motivational readiness for PA, and psychosocial outcomes were conducted at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months post‐baseline. Objective accelerometer data were collected at the same time points.ResultsThe PA group reported significant increases in minutes of PA at 3 months (7‐day PAR) and caloric expenditure (CHAMPS) compared with the control group, but the group differences were attenuated over time. The PA group showed significant improvements in fitness at 3, 6, and 12 months versus the control group. Improvements in motivational readiness for PA were reported in the PA group only at 3 months. No significant group differences were found for fatigue, self‐reported physical functioning, and quality of life at 3, 6, and 12 months.ConclusionA home‐based intervention improved survivors' PA and motivational readiness at 3 months and increased submaximal aerobic fitness at 3, 6, and 12 months. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Training the next generation of protein scientists
Authors: Summers Michael F. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractCarl Brändén made significant contributions in areas of protein X‐ray crystallography and science education. As the 2011 recipient of the Protein Society award honoring Carl's contributions, I had the opportunity to reflect on the undergraduate educational activities that have been practiced in my own laboratory over the past 24 years at the University of Maryland Baltimore County, an institution that emphasizes both research and undergraduate education. A system has been developed that attempts to minimize the tension that can exist between conflicting graduate research and undergraduate mentoring goals. The outcomes, as measured not only by subsequent activities of the participating undergraduates, but also by the activities of the graduate students and postdocs that worked with the undergraduates, indicate a general overall benefit for all participants, particularly for women and underrepresented minorities who are traditionally poorly retained in the sciences. Greater participation of undergraduates in research activities of active scientists who often focus primarily on graduate and postdoctoral training could have a positive impact on the leaky undergraduate science pipeline.
HYDROLOGICAL CONNECTIVITY OF ABANDONED CHANNEL WATER BODIES ON A COASTAL PLAIN RIVER
Authors: Phillips Jonathan D. 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTOxbow lakes, sloughs and other floodplain depressions associated with former channel positions are critical elements of floodplain hydrology, geomorphology and ecology. They comprise key elements of wetland and aquatic habitats and have important influence on the storage and routing of floodwaters. The hydrological connectivity between active river channels and floodplain depressions varies considerably in a qualitative sense, even within a single fluvial system. Several oxbows, sloughs and paleochannels were examined on the lower Sabine River, Texas/Louisiana, during a period of high but sub‐bankfull flow as well as at lower flows. Six different types of surface water connectivity with the main, active channel were identified: (i) flow through—a portion of the river flow regularly passes through the feature and returns to the main channel; (ii) flood channel—there is no hydraulic connection at normal flows, but at high flows the channels convey discharge, at least part of which returns to the main channel; (iii) fill and spill—the features fill to a threshold level at high flows and then overflow (mainly via ephemeral channels) into flood basins; (iv) fill and drain—the features fill at high river discharges but do not (except in large floods) overflow because as river discharge declines, water drains back to the river; (v) tributary occupied—tributaries draining to the abandoned channel continue to occupy it, flowing through it to the active channel; and (vi) disconnected—no flow is exchanged except during large floods. The age or stage of infilling and the relative elevation of abandoned channels are important first‐order controls of hydrological connectivity, but the lateral distance from the active channel is poorly related. Other critical controls are whether the cutoff section receives tributary input and whether a tie channel forms. The alluvial valley geomorphic context—specifically the presence of a meander belt ridge and flood basins—is also critical. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A proposed security scheme against Denial of Service attacks in cluster‐based wireless sensor networks
Authors: Han Guangjie , Shen Wen , Duong Trung Q. , Guizani Mohsen , Hara Takahiro 
Published: September 2011

AbstractTraditional security schemes developed for sensor networks are not suitable for cluster‐based wireless sensor networks (WSNs) because of their susceptibility to Denial of Service (DoS) attacks. In this paper, we provide a security scheme against DoS attacks (SSAD) in cluster‐based WSNs. The scheme establishes trust management with energy character, which leads nodes to elect trusted cluster heads. Furthermore, a new type of vice cluster head node is proposed to detect betrayed cluster heads. Theoretical analyses and simulation results show that SSAD can prevent and detect malicious nodes with high probability of success. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Subdiaphragmatic vagotomy increases the sensitivity of lumbar Aδ primary afferent neurons along with voltage‐dependent potassium channels in rats
Authors: Furuta Sadayoshi , Watanabe Lisa , Doi Seira , Horiuchi Hiroshi , Matsumoto Kenjiro , Kuzumaki Naoko , Suzuki Tsutomu , Narita Minoru 
Published: September 2011

AbstractSubdiaphragmatic vagal dysfunction causes chronic pain. To verify whether this chronic pain is accompanied by enhanced peripheral nociceptive sensitivity, we evaluated primary afferent neuronal excitability in subdiaphragmatic vagotomized (SDV) rats. SDV rats showed a decrease in the electrical stimuli‐induced hind limb‐flexion threshold at 250 Hz, but showed no similar effect at 5 or 2000 Hz, which indicated that lumbar primary afferent Aδ sensitivity was enhanced in SDV rats. The whole‐cell patch‐clamp technique also revealed the hyper‐excitability of acutely dissociated medium‐sized lumbar dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons isolated from SDV rats. The contribution of changes in voltage‐dependent potassium (Kv) channels was assessed, and transient A‐type K+ (IA) current density was apparently decreased. Moreover, Kv4.3 immunoreactivity in medium‐sized DRG neurons was significantly reduced in SDV rats compared to sham. These results indicate that SDV causes hyper‐excitability of lumbar primary Aδ afferent neurons, which may be induced along with suppressing IA currents via the decreased expression of Kv4.3. Thus, peripheral Aδ neuroplasticity may contribute to the chronic lower limb pain caused by SDV. Synapse, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Adaptable platform‐based engineering: Key enablers and outlook for the future
Authors: Madni Azad M. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractPlatform‐Based Engineering (PBE) is a cost‐effective, risk‐mitigated system development approach that employs a common structure from which high‐quality derivative products can be developed rapidly. PBE is especially effective in decreasing development cost, risks, and lead times while increasing product quality. Appropriately scoped, platforms simplify and accelerate the development of families of systems for a particular problem domain. They encompass domain‐specific components and services that reflect the commonalities of systems in the domain (which can be configured as reusable physical or informational components), and variabilities across the domain (which need to be individually developed to achieve a domain product line), along with interface conventions that ensure that they can plug‐and‐play with the domain infrastructure and common components. However, PBE has a potential downside. Locking into a platform strategy for the long term can severely limit an organization's ability to evolve a product. It is this recognition that spurred the development of the adaptable PBE paradigm. Adaptable PBE offers the customary benefits of PBE without compromising the long‐term evolvability of the system. This paper presents the game changing technologies under the adaptable PBE rubric, and discusses the key concepts and advances needed to make adaptable PBE an enabler of evolvable systems. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Eng
Outcome of fetuses with congenital diaphragmatic hernia and associated intrafetal fluid effusions managed in the era of fetal surgery
Authors: Van Mieghem T. , Cruz‐Martinez R. , Allegaert K. , Dekoninck P. , Castanon M. , Sandaite I. , Claus F. , Devlieger R. , Gratacos E. , Deprest J. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractObjectiveFetuses with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and for whom additional ultrasound findings are abnormal typically are considered to have a dismal prognosis. Our aim was to assess the outcome of fetuses with CDH and associated intrafetal fluid effusions.MethodsThis was a retrospective bicentric cohort study on the perinatal management of fetuses with CDH and intrafetal fluid effusions.ResultsThe incidence of effusions was 5.2% (n = 14) in 269 consecutive cases of left‐sided CDH and 29.2% (n = 14) in 48 cases of right‐sided CDH. Hydrothorax (n = 19 (68%)) and ascites (n = 16 (57%)) were the most common effusions. A combination of both was present in 11 (39%) fetuses. Of 20 ongoing pregnancies with CDH and fluid effusions, without other anomalies, five with moderate or mild pulmonary hypoplasia were managed without fetoscopic endoluminal tracheal occlusion (FETO). The 15 other cases underwent FETO because of severe pulmonary hypoplasia. Neonatal survival rate was similar in both groups (n = 2/5 and n = 6/15, respectively (P = 1.0)). Survival among those who underwent FETO was similar to previously published results concerning isolated cases undergoing FETO.ConclusionsOur observations do not support the view that intrafetal effusions are an adverse prognostic factor in fetuses with CDH. In CDH fetuses with effusions and severe pulmonary hypoplasia treated with FETO, neonatal survival is similar to that in isolated cases undergoing the intervention. Whether pleural effusions should be addressed by thoracic drainage procedures remains unproven. Copyright © 2011 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ultrasound assessment of the peri‐implantation uterus: a review
Authors: Abdallah Y. , Naji O. , Saso S. , Pexsters A. , Stalder C. , Sur S. , Raine‐Fenning N. , Timmerman D. , Brosens J. J. , Bourne T. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractEmerging evidence suggests that early embryo implantation is a more active maternal process than hitherto appreciated, involving active encapsulation of the implanting blastocyst by maternal decidual cells and coordinated changes in the underlying inner myometrium, known as the junctional zone. These concepts raise the possibility that early ultrasound markers predictive of adverse pregnancy outcome could be identified. In this review we assess the role of ultrasound in predicting the likelihood of different pregnancy outcomes and highlight potential novel markers that could be tested. Copyright © 2012 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Protective effect of fetal pulmonary sequestration in two cases of postnatal manifestation of congenital diaphragmatic hernia
Authors: Lee M.‐Y. , Won H.‐S. , Shim J.‐Y. , Lee P.‐R. , Lee B. S. , Kim E. A.‐R. , Kim K.‐S. , Kim A. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractWe describe two cases of postnatally diagnosed congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) combined with pulmonary sequestration, both of which were diagnosed as isolated pulmonary sequestration on prenatal ultrasound. In these cases, prenatal ultrasonography demonstrated only a hyperechoic mass on the left lower lung and the diaphragm seemed intact. In each case both lungs showed otherwise normal development throughout pregnancy. Pulmonary sequestration may serve as a ‘protector’, preventing herniation of abdominal contents into the thoracic cavity. The co‐occurrence of CDH may be obscured by a lung mass, especially on the left lower lung, and therefore it is necessary to deliver these infants at a tertiary center and parents should be counseled about the possibility of postnatal CDH. Copyright © 2012 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A simple frequency‐domain method for stress analysis of stall‐regulated wind turbines
Authors: Merz Karl O. , Muskulus Michael , Moe Geir 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTA simple method, based in the frequency domain, was developed for calculating the dynamic response of a stall‐regulated wind turbine. Emphasis is placed on two aspects of the method, which are necessary in order to obtain a reasonable linearization of behavior when the blades are stalled. First, the tangential (in‐plane) component of turbulence is included, in addition to the axial component. Second, the linearized relationship between lift coefficient and angle‐of‐attack is adjusted to account for the effects of dynamic stall: separate linearizations are used for excitation and damping of vibration. A thorough comparison is made between linear and non‐linear dynamic‐stall methods, with the conclusion that the accuracy of the linear method depends upon the frequency and amplitude of oscillation. The linear dynamic‐stall method is accurate at blade vibrational frequencies, but it can be inaccurate at frequencies in the vicinity of 1P or below, when the angle‐of‐attack oscillates with an amplitude of 3° or more. Load spectra of a Nordtank 500 turbine, calculated using the frequency‐domain method, are compared with measurements. The frequency‐domain method provides estimates of load spectra and aerodynamic damping (stability) that are useful for preliminary design and optimization, but the method lacks sufficient accuracy and generality to be used for certification. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The proportion of lycopene isomers in human plasma is modulated by lycopene isomer profile in the meal but not by lycopene preparation
Authors: Richelle Myriam , Lambelet Pierre , Rytz Andreas , Tavazzi Isabelle , Mermoud Anne-France , Juhel Christine , Borel Patrick , Bortlik Karlheinz 
Published: September 2011

Dietary lycopene consists mostly of the (all-E) isomer. Upon absorption, (all-E) lycopene undergoes isomerisation into various (Z)-isomers. Because these isomers offer potentially better health benefits than the (all-E) isomer, the aim of the present study was to investigate if the profile of lycopene isomers in intestinal lipoproteins is affected by the profile of lycopene isomers in the meal and by the tomato preparation. Six postprandial, crossover tests were performed in healthy men. Three meals provided about 70 % of the lycopene as (Z)-isomers, either mainly as 5-(Z) or 13-(Z), or as a mixture of 9-(Z) and 13-(Z) lycopene, while three tomato preparations provided lycopene mainly as the (all-E) isomer. Consumption of the 5-(Z) lycopene-rich meal led to a high (60 %) proportion of this isomer in TAG-rich lipoproteins (TRL), indicating a good absorption and/or a low intestinal conversion of this isomer. By contrast, consumption of meals rich in 9-(Z) and 13-(Z) lycopene isomers resulted in a low level of these isomers but high amounts of the 5-(Z) and (all-E) isomers in TRL. This indicates that the 9-(Z) and 13-(Z) isomers were less absorbed or were converted into 5-(Z) and (all-E) isomers. Dietary (Z)-lycopene isomers were, therefore, differently isomerised and released in TRL during their intestinal absorption in men. Consuming the three meals rich in (all-E) lycopene resulted in similar proportions of lycopene isomers in TRL: 60 % (all-E), 20 % 5-(Z), 9 % 13-(Z), 2 % 9-(Z) and 9 % unidentified (Z)-isomers. These results show that the tomato preparation has no impact on the lycopene isomerisation occurring during absorption in humans.
Emergence of ageing-related changes in insulin secretion by pancreatic islets of male rat offspring of mothers fed a low-protein diet
Authors: Morimoto S. , Calzada L. , Sosa T. C. , Reyes-Castro L. A. , Rodriguez-González G. L. , Morales A. , Nathanielsz P. W. , Zambrano E. 
Published: September 2011

Maternal low-protein (LP) diets programme β-cell secretion, potentially altering the emergence of ageing of offspring pancreatic function. We hypothesised that isolated pancreatic islet β-cell secretory responses are blunted in offspring exposed to LP during development and age-related reduction is influenced by the developmental stage of exposure to decreased nutrition. We studied male offspring of rats fed control (C) or LP protein (R) diets in pregnancy, first letter and/or lactation second letter of CC, RR, CR or RC groups. Serum glucose, insulin and homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) were measured. Pancreatic islets were isolated and in vitro insulin secretion quantified in low (LG – 5 mm) or high glucose (HG – 11 mm). Body weight and serum values between groups were similar at all ages. Insulin and HOMA rose with age and were highest at postnatal day (PND) 450 in all groups. At PND 36, insulin secretion was greatest in RR and RC. Only CC increased insulin secretion to HG. By PND 110, restricted groups responded less to LG but increased secretion to HG. By PND 450, CC offspring alone increased secretion to HG. Despite minimal differences in circulating insulin and glucose, reduced maternal protein intake affected insulin secretion at all ages. In addition, ageing reduced function in all R groups compared with CC by PND 110 and further by PND 450 most markedly in RC. We conclude that maternal LP diet during pregnancy and/or lactation impairs offspring insulin secretory response to a glucose challenge and alters the trajectory of ageing of pancreatic insulin secretion.