bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimation of the Epileptic Focus in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy‐ Investigation with Dipole Tracing Using a Realistic Three‐Shell Head Model
Authors: Coda Kazuo , Hoshida Tohru , Hashimoto Hiroshi , Sakaki Toshisuke 
Published: August 2009

Purpose: The location of the electrical generator in the brain can be estimated with dipole tracing. We estimated the equivalent current dipole with scalp electroencephalogram (EEG) in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy by using dipole tracing, and compared the results with the epileptogenic focus identified by long‐term subdural EEG recording. Methods: We studied five patients with temporal lobe epilepsy who underwent long‐term subdural EEG recording. Three were male and two were female patients. Their ages ranged from 18 to 65 years (mean age, 43 years). All patients had intractable seizures and were scheduled to be treated surgically. We recorded the scalp EEG with a digital EEG recorder, and then made three‐shell head models from the computed tomograms. We estimated the equivalent current dipoles with spikes and compared the results with the epileptogenic foci, which were identified with long‐term subdural EEG recording. Results: Case 1 was a 67‐year‐old man. We estimated the equivalent current dipole in the right lateral temporal lobe with dipole tracing. The epileptogenic focus was identified with long‐term subdural EEG recording in the same region. The distance was 18 mm between the equivalent current dipole estimated with dipole tracing and the epileptogenic focus identified with long‐term subdural EEG recording. Case 2 was a 37‐year‐old man. We estimated the equivalent current dipole in the left temporal base and identified the epileptogenic focus with long‐term subdural EEG recording in the same region. The distance was 13 mm between the equivalent current dipole and the epileptogenic focus. Case 3 was a 57‐year‐old woman. We estimated the equivalent current dipole in the left temporal base and identified the epileptogenic focus with long‐term subdural EEG recording in the same region. The distance was 12 mm between the equivalent current dipole and the epileptogenic focus. Case 4 was an 18–year‐old man. We estimated the equivalent current dipole in the left temporal base and identified the epileptogenic foci in the same region. The distance was 19 mm between the equivalent current dipole and the epileptogenic focus. Case 5 was a 38‐year‐old woman. We estimated the equivalent current dipole and identified the epileptogenic focus in the same region. The distance was 8 mm between the equivalent current dipole and the epileptogenic foci. The mean distance in all cases between the equivalent current dipole and the epileptogenic foci was 14 mm. Conclusions: The equivalent current dipole estimated by using dipole tracing of the realistic three‐shell head model with spikes from the scalp EEG was in accordance with the epileptogenic focus identified with long‐term EEG from a subdural grid. There is a close relation between the equivalent current dipole estimated by dipole tracing with spikes and the epileptogenic focus identified with subdural EEG recording.
Magnetoencephalographic Analysis of Gelastic Seizures in a Patient with Tuberous Sclerosis
Authors: Teraoka Satori , Imai Katsumi , Mano Toshi‐yuki , Okinaga Takeshi , Matsuoka Taro , Ono Jiro , Hira‐buki Norio , Abe Jiro , Okada Shintaro 
Published: August 2009

Purpose: The ictal EEG and magnetoencephalogram (MEG) for gelastic seizures were recorded in a 4‐year‐old girl with tuberous sclerosis. The sites of origin for the seizure activities were investigated by using an equivalent current dipole (ECD) with the MEG. Methods: EEG and MEG were recorded simultaneously under the administration of diazepam (DZP). The MEG recording was performed on a system consisting of an array of 64 sensors uniformly distributed over the patient's whole head (CTF, Canada), and the estimated ECDs were superimposed on the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images (Siemens, 1.5 Tesla). Results: Two laughing attacks lasting 5 s each were documented. The ictal EEG showed gradually increasing 11–Hz rhythmic α activities with dominance over the frontocentral areas bilaterally, followed by irregular spike‐and‐wave discharges. The ictal MEG detected bilateral frontal rhythmic sharp waves before the appearance of the activities on the EEG. The estimated ECDs were localized in the deep white matter of the right frontal lobe on the MRI. However, those dipoles did not coincide with the locations of her cortical tubers. Conclusions: Although gelastic seizures accompanied with hypothalamic hamartomas are well known, several reports have suggested a temporal or frontal lobe origin for gelastic seizures. In this patient, the ECD indicated that the seizures originated in the frontal lobe, although ictal scalp EEG recordings could not determine the precise focus. Thus, in cases in which the use of ictal scalp EEG fails to show the sites of origin for the seizures, it is recommended that the origins be estimated by using the non‐invasive method of ictal MEG analysis.
Efficacy of Thyrotropin‐Releasing Hormone in the Treatment of Intractable Epilepsy
Authors: Takeuchi Yoshihiro , Matsushita Hiroko , Uehara Hisakazu , Yamazoe Ichiro , Miyanomae Yuri , Takaya Kazushi , Sawada Tadashi 
Published: August 2009

Purpose: Despite rapid advances in the treatment of epilepsy with the introduction of new drugs, the seizures in a number of children with epilepsy remain uncontrollable. Thus a more potent, yet safer therapy is needed. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) has been used to treat children with intractable epilepsy, such as West syndrome and Lennox‐Gastaut syndrome. However, ACTH administration is occasionally associated with serious side effects, including immunosuppression, hypertension, and brain shrinkage. Consequently, in this study, the efficacy of an endogenous hormone, thyrotropin‐releasing hormone (TRH), was reevaluated for the treatment of intractable epilepsy. Methods: From 1991 to 1996, we studied the efficacy of TRH‐tartrate (TRH‐T) in 34 children with intractable epilepsy (16 with West syndrome, 11 with Lennox‐Gastaut syndrome, three with localization‐related epilepsies, two with severe myoclonic epilepsy, one with early myoclonic encephalopathy, and one with Angelman syndrome). TRH‐T was administered intravenously or intramuscularly at a dose of 0.05 mg/kg/day once per day for 4 weeks. The subjects were classified into three groups based on the frequency of their seizures and the EEG effects: cessation of seizures and seizure discharges for >1 year (very effective group), a >50% reduction in the frequency of seizures or seizure discharges or both (effective group), and no changes in the frequency of seizures or seizure discharges (ineffective group). Results: There were eight cases in the very effective group, 10 in the effective group, and 16 in the ineffective group. The patients in the very effective group stopped having seizures, including infantile spasms, tonic seizures, atypical absence, atonic seizures, myoclonic seizures, and partial seizures within 11 days to 3 months after the initiation of the TRH therapy. It is noteworthy that no seizures occurred for >3 years in four of the eight cases in the very effective group. The 16 patients with West syndrome comprised five cases in the very effective group, two in the effective group, and nine in the ineffective group. The 11 patients with Lennox‐Gastaut syndrome were subdivided into three cases in the very effective group, three in the effective group, and five in the ineffective group. All three patients with localization‐related epilepsies were in the effective group. Conclusions: TRH should be considered as a possible treatment for Lennox‐Gastaut syndrome and West syndrome, especially for a patient who has an. infection or severe organic lesions in the brain, or who is immunosuppressed. It is noteworthy that TRH is also effective in the treatment of intractable localization‐related epilepsies. The relatively long duration of the action of TRH after the termination of administration may indicate that the mechanism for its anticonvulsant action differs from those of other anticonvulsant drugs.
Maxillary sinus floor elevation using a tissue‐engineered bone complex with β‐TCP and BMP‐2 gene‐modified bMSCs in rabbits
Authors: Jiang X.‐Q. , Sun X.‐J. , Lai H.‐C. , Zhao J. , Wang S.‐Y. , Zhang Z.‐Y. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractObjectives: To study the effects of maxillary sinus floor elevation by a tissue‐engineered bone complex with β tricalcium phosphate (β‐TCP) and bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (BMP‐2) gene‐modified bone marrow stromal cells (bMSCs) in rabbits.Material and methods: bMSCs derived from New Zealand rabbit bone marrow were cultured and transduced with the adenovirus with BMP‐2 (AdBMP‐2), adenovirus with enhanced green fluorescent protein gene (AdEGFP) in vitro. Gene transfer efficiency was detected by EGFP expression. These gene‐modified autologous bMSCs were then combined with a β‐TCP granule scaffold at a concentration of 2 × 107 cells/ml and used to elevate the maxillary sinus floor in rabbits. Twenty rabbits were randomly allocated into groups and sacrificed at weeks 2 and 8. For each time point, 20 maxillary sinus floor elevation surgeries were made bilaterally in 10 rabbits for the following groups (n=5 per group): group A (β‐TCP alone), group B (untransduced bMSCs/β‐TCP), group C (AdEGFP–bMSCs/β‐TCP), and group D (AdBMP‐2–bMSCs/β‐TCP). All samples were evaluated by histology and histomorphometric analysis. The fate of implanted bMSCs was traced initially by a confocol fluorescent microscope in the AdEGFP group.Results: Gene transfer efficiency reached up to 60–80% with 50 PFU/cell transduction as demonstrated by fluorescent microscopic analysis in the AdEGFP group. The augmented maxillary sinus height was maintained for the four groups till 8 weeks post‐surgery, while new bone area increased over the time. At week 2, bone areas in groups B–D were significantly larger than those in group A, while at week 8, in group D, the BMP‐2 gene‐enhanced tissue‐engineered bone had the largest bone area among the groups (P<0.05, ANOVA). In that group, a mature bone structure was detected in the center of the elevated space. Under a confocal microscope, green fluorescence in newly formed bone was observed for the EGFP group, which suggested that those implanted bMSCs might have contributed to the new bone formation.Conclusion: bMSCs modified with the AdBMP‐2 gene can promote new bone formation and maturation in the rabbit maxillary sinus. BMP‐2 regional gene therapy and a tissue engineering technique could be effectively used in maxillary sinus elevation and bone regeneration.
The effect of thread pattern upon implant osseointegration
Authors: Abuhussein Heba , Pagni Giorgio , Rebaudi Alberto , Wang Hom‐Lay 
Published: August 2009

AbstractObjectives: Implant design features such as macro‐ and micro‐design may influence overall implant success. Limited information is currently available. Therefore, it is the purpose of this paper to examine these factors such as thread pitch, thread geometry, helix angle, thread depth and width as well as implant crestal module may affect implant stability.Search Strategy: A literature search was conducted using MEDLINE to identify studies, from simulated laboratory models, animal, to human, related to this topic using the keywords of implant thread, implant macrodesign, thread pitch, thread geometry, helix angle, thread depth, thread width and implant crestal module.Results: The results showed how thread geometry affects the distribution of stress forces around the implant. A decreased thread pitch may positively influence implant stability. Excess helix angles in spite of a faster insertion may jeopardize the ability of implants to sustain axial load. Deeper threads seem to have an important effect on the stabilization in poorer bone quality situations. The addition of threads or microthreads up to the crestal module of an implant might provide a potential positive contribution on bone‐to to‐implant contact as well as on the preservation of marginal bone; nonetheless this remains to be determined.Conclusions: Appraising the current literature on this subject and combining existing data to verify the presence of any association between the selected characteristics may be critical in the achievement of overall implant success. To cite this article:
Abuhussein H, Pagni G, Rebaudi A, Wang H‐L. The effect of thread pattern upon implant osseointegration. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 21, 2010; 129–136. doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2009.01800.x
Panniculitis: clinical overlap and the significance of biopsy findings
Authors: Chopra Rajan , Chhabra Seema , Thami Gurvinder Pal , Punia Raj Pal Singh 
Published: August 2009

Background: Panniculitides are well‐recognized clinicopathologic entities but the non‐specificity of their clinical and pathological features often troubles the diagnostician.Methods: This study retrospectively evaluates the clinical overlaps and the significance of histological findings among various panniculitides.Results: The clinical evaluation in 55 panniculitides cases suggested the diagnosis of typical erythema nodosum (EN) in 26 cases, atypical EN in 17 cases, atypical nodular vasculitis (NV) in two cases, soft tissue infection in five cases and five cases remained unclassified. Skin biopsy evaluation provided definite panniculitis diagnosis in 53 cases including EN (28 cases), leukocytoclastic vasculitis (seven cases), NV (four cases), superficial thrombophlebitis (ST) (two cases), eosinophillic panniculitis (EP) (three cases), infection‐related panniculitis (five cases), and one case each of erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL), lupus panniculitis (LP), pancreatic fat necrosis and acne conglobata with two cases remaining unclassified. Histologically, ‘predominantly septal’ and ‘mixed panniculitis' were the chief inflammatory patterns in EN cases, while mixed panniculitis was seen in most LCV cases and predominantly lobular and mixed panniculitis in NV cases.Conclusions: Biopsy evaluation of a panniculitis lesion is usually significant, and the application of a combination of histologic features rather than of a single biopsy finding or an inflammatory pattern is helpful in the diagnosis of panniculitis.
Haematologic data, iron parameters and molecular findings in two new cases of iron‐refractory iron deficiency anaemia
Authors: Tchou Isabelle , Diepold Myriam , Pilotto Pierre‐Antonio , Swinkels Dorine , Neerman‐Arbez Marguerite , Beris Photis 
Published: August 2009

AbstractMatriptase‐2 (Tmprss6), a type II transmembrane serine protease, has an essential role in iron homoeostasis as a hepcidin regulator. Recently, patients with TMPRSS6 mutations and suffering from iron‐refractory iron deficiency anaemia (IRIDA) have been reported. We describe two new cases of IRIDA, one patient of Swiss origin and the second of Italian origin. The first case results from a large deletion of 1054 nucleotides corresponding to an in frame deletion of 30 amino acid residues in the low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐1/‐2 (LDLR‐1/‐2) domains and from a missense mutation in CUB1 (S304L). In the second case, a homozygous G→C mutation in the last nucleotide of exon 15 and which modified the consensus sequence of the 5′ splice donor site of intron 15 (AGgt→ACgt) was identified. Both patients had a high hepcidin level and low serum iron and transferrin saturation compared to age‐matched controls. Continuous perfusion of i.v. iron 4 h/d × 5 d in the first case resulted in a significant rise in haemoglobin. These new cases of IRIDA illustrate the importance of LDLR‐1/‐2 and CUB1 domains in matriptase‐2 function as well as the role of matriptase‐2 in hepcidin regulation. Furthermore a deletional form of TMPRSS6 (in LDLR‐1/‐2 domains) resulting in IRIDA is described for the first time. These cases reinforce the belief that patients suffering from IRIDA have no specific geographical or ethnic distribution and are sporadic secondary to different mutations of the matriptase‐2 gene.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Serum IL‐6 Level May Have Role in the Pathophysiology of Unexplained Infertility
Authors: Demir Bulent , Guven Suleyman , Guvendag Guven Emine Seda , Atamer Yildiz , Gul Talip 
Published: August 2009

Problem  The aim of this study was to compare the serum levels of interleukin (IL)‐6 of women with unexplained infertility with fertile subjects.Method of study  Serum IL‐6, and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) levels of 45 infertile and 44 fertile women on day 3 of menstrual cycle were assessed and compared for this prospective controlled study.Results  The mean serum IL‐6 level was significantly higher in women with unexplained infertility, compared with fertile women (5.71 ± 1.81 and 4.31 ± 1.79, P < 0.001, Student’s t‐test). There was no significant difference in TNF‐α level among the groups.Conclusion  Significant difference in serum IL‐6 levels between unexplained infertile and fertile women suggests that this cytokine may be involved in pathophysiology of unexplained infertility.
Factors associated with self‐assessed oral health in the Japanese independent elderly
Authors: Konishi Chisato , Hakuta Chiyoko , Ueno Masayuki , Shinada Kayoko , Wright Fredrick A. C. , Kawaguchi Yoko 
Published: August 2009

doi:10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2009.00310.x

Factors associated with self‐assessed oral health in the Japanese independent elderly Objectives:  The purpose of this research was to analyse the relationship between oral health status, oral motor function, daily life situations and self‐assessed oral health.Materials and methods:  A cross‐sectional survey was conducted on 190 independent elderly volunteers aged 62–99 years from senior citizen centres in Tokyo, Japan. A questionnaire survey and oral examination were conducted on each participant. For the descriptive analyses, Independent t‐test and the chi‐squared test were used. Following that, using four latent variables, (oral health, oral function, daily life situations and chronic health condition), a structural equation modelling analysis (SEMA) was undertaken.Results:  In the descriptive analyses, there were no significant differences between self‐assessed oral health and oral health status. However, there were significant differences between self‐assessed oral health and oral function and daily life situations. Findings from SEMA revealed that daily life situations and oral function have independent effects on self‐assessed oral health and that the relationship between self‐assessed oral health and oral health status was weak.Conclusions:  Many factors affect self‐assessed oral health status. Dental clinicians and researchers should attempt to understand these factors and incorporate them into effective personal and population‐based oral health education and oral health promotion programmes.
Effect of the physical properties of acrylic resin of overnight immersion in sodium hypochlorite solution
Authors: Davi Letícia Resende , Peracini Amanda , de Queiroz Ribeiro Nathália , Soares Rafael Bellini , da Silva Cláudia Helena Lovato , de Freitas Oliveira Paranhos Helena , de Souza Raphael Freitas 
Published: August 2009

doi:10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2009.00336.x

Effect of the physical properties of acrylic resin of overnight immersion in sodium hypochlorite solution Objectives:  This study evaluated colour stability, surface roughness and flexural strength of microwave‐polymerised acrylic resin after overnight immersion in sodium hypochlorite, simulating 180 days use.Materials and methods:  Forty disc‐shaped (15 mm × 4 mm) and 40 rectangular specimens (65 mm × 10 mm × 3 mm) were prepared from microwave‐polymerised acrylic resin. The specimens were immersed in 0.5, 1% sodium hypochlorite, Clorox/Calgon and distilled water. Colour measurements (ΔE) were determined by a portable colorimeter. A surface analyser was used to measure roughness (μm). The flexural strength (MPa) was measured using a three‐point bending test in a universal testing machine. Data were evaluated by one‐way anova, followed by Student–Newman–Keuls test (α = 0.05).Results:  Statistical analysis found significantly higher colour changes (SNK, p < 0.001) for the 1% sodium hypochlorite, but mean ΔE value quantified by National Bureau of Standards was classified as slight. When comparing the surface roughness, no statistical significance was found among the solutions (anova, p = 0.637). The 1% sodium hypochlorite presented significantly lower flexural strength compared with the control group (SNK, p = 0.034).Conclusion:  It was concluded that immersion in 1% sodium hypochlorite solutions for 8 h does influence the colour stability and flexural strength of microwave‐polymerised acrylic resin, during the simulated period of 180 days.
Palms Use a Bluffing Strategy to Avoid Seed Predation by Rats in Brazil
Authors: de Sampaio e Paiva Camilo‐Alves Constança , de Miranda Mourão Guilherme 
Published: August 2009

ABSTRACTThe goal of this study was to ascertain why the production of variable seediness is advantageous for Attalea phalerata palms. Our hypothesis was that variation reduces seed predation by the spiny rats Thrichomys pachyurus and Clyomys laticeps. Although there is a positive correlation between endocarp size and number of seeds, endocarps sometimes contain more or fewer seeds than expected; palms bluff about the number of seed per endocarp. Therefore, rats do not know how many seeds an endocarp contains. To model rats' predating behavior, we applied Charnov's Marginal Value Theorem. The model shows that rats attack endocarps only when the energy gain is higher than the energy available in the habitat. Hence, it is not advantageous to eat all the seeds inside an endocarp. This explains why 45 percent of forest endocarps and 35 percent of savanna endocarps were still viable after predation. We then applied the model to two simulated endocarp populations with less variability in the number of seeds per endocarp size and determined that viable diaspores after predation were reduced to 15 percent. With less variability, palms cannot bluff about the number of seeds inside endocarps and predators can predict accurately how many seeds they should try to eat. Uncertainty about the number of seeds diminished predation but gave selective advantage to multiseeded fruits. Therefore, the bluffing strategy would be evolutionarily stable only if it were counterbalanced by other forces. Otherwise, predators would win the bluffing game.Abstract in Portuguese is available at http://www.blackwell‐synergy.com/loi/btp.
Evolution and chemical yields of AGB stars: effects of low-temperature opacities
Authors: Ventura P. , Marigo P. 
Published: August 2009

Abstract
The studies focused on the thermally pulsing asymptotic giant branch phase experienced by low- and intermediate-mass stars are extremely important in many astrophysical contexts. In particular, a detailed computation of their chemical yields is essential for several issues, ranging from the chemical evolution of galaxies to the mechanisms behind the formation of globular clusters. Among all the uncertainties affecting the theoretical modelling of this phase, and described in the literature, it remains to be fully clarified which results are severely affected by the use of inadequate low-temperature opacities, which are in most cases calculated on the basis of the original chemical composition of the stars, and do not consider the changes in the surface chemistry due to the occurrence of the third dredge-up and hot-bottom burning. Our investigation is aimed at investigating this point. By means of full evolutionary models including a new set of molecular opacities computed specifically with the æsopus tool, we highlight which stellar models, among those present in the literature, need a substantial revision, mainly in relation to the predicted chemical yields. The interplay among convection, hot-bottom burning and the low-temperature opacity treatment is also discussed.