bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interaction Between Aging-Related Elastin-Derived Peptide (VGVAPG) and Sirtuin 2 and its Impact on Functions of Human Neuron Cells in an In Vitro Model
Authors: Skóra Bartosz , Piechowiak Tomasz , Szychowski Konrad A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractElastin is a stable protein present in many tissues, including brain tissues, and is one of the most long-life proteins with a half-life of approximately 70 years. The peptide with a Val-Gly-Val-Ala-Pro-Gly (VGVAPG) amino acid sequence is released during elastin decay, which correlates with aging-related neurodegeneration. A recent study has shown enhanced protein expression of Sirtuin 2 (SIRT2 – one of the redox homeostatic factors) in aged rodent brains, while the correlation between VGVAPG and SIRT2 has never been evaluated so far. Therefore, the study aimed to determine the impact of the VGVAPG hexapeptide on SIRT2 and neuronal functions in differentiated SH-SY5Y cells at the gene and protein expression levels. The present results showed that VGVAPG caused a 52.69% decrease in the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as in the case of neurons treated with AGK2 (Sirtuin 2 inhibitor) after 24h and 48h. Furthermore, a decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was observed. The SIRT2 gene expression was found to fluctuate after 6h and 24h as a result of the exposure to the VGVAPG peptide. In turn, a decrease in the PPARγ, P53, SOD2, and CAT mRNA expression was shown in VGVAPG-treated cells. Additionally, an increase in the Sirtuin 2 protein expression was recorded after 24h and 48h in the VGVAPG peptide-treated neurons. Last but not least, the decrease in the level of acetylation of α-tubulin after the hexapeptide treatment was correlated with shortening of neurites, which may indicate the destabilization of the microtubule and ROS-independent induction of neurodegeneration.
Graphical Abstract
Trauma in Publishing
Authors: Otmar Renée 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe live in an extraordinary time in human history. Arguably, the most significant social changes have taken place in recent decades, including changes in policy and attitudes towards human rights, how we educate and treat children, towards sexual violence and abuse, sexuality and gender identification, to name just a few. In Australia, we have witnessed public responses through Royal Commissions and other public inquiries that have given voice to generations of people whose suffering had been silenced by formal and informal social mechanisms. Now, in the twenty-first century, the proliferation of new technologies, social media and social campaigns designed to engage people online as well as offline have empowered citizens to take control of their narratives, to tell their own stories. In the published literature, a great many have begun to reveal the nature and extent of traumas experienced by individuals, families, groups and entire communities. In the publishing industry, scant attention is given to the occupational risks faced by the workforce charged with disseminating these trauma stories: the editors, literary agents, proofreaders, publicists and other publishing personnel who are repeatedly exposed to trauma narratives. Even as publishing facilitates healing through story, it is also perpetuating—or at the very least enabling—the transmission of trauma: from author to publishing personnel, and quite possibly also from industry to reader. This paper posits that publishing as an industry is awash with trauma. Through the perspective of an industry insider, it explores the three faces of trauma in the publishing context: recounting trauma as a vehicle for healing and reconciliation, the trauma narrative as a commodity and vicarious trauma as an occupational hazard.
A brief report on nanophotonics and metamaterials landscape in India
Authors: Joshi Krishna , Sahoo Himadri , Mujumdar Sushil 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHere, we describe a set of research results in the domain of Nanophotonics and Metamaterials that represent the broad N &M landscape in India. These results were presented in an online BRICS meeting, and were collated based on the criteria deemed appropriate for the said forum. Results presented at the meeting encompass various areas, including nano-optics, nano-opto-mechanics, integrated photonic devices, plasmonics, metal-enhanced fluorescence, bio relevant photonics and metamaterials. Research topics such as Anderson localization of light, exceptional points in non-Hermitian systems, manipulation of nanoscale mechanical motion, efficient mode coupling in integrated photonics etc are discussed. Furthermore, miniaturized SPR sensors, coupling between metal nanostructures and semiconductor quantum dots, biosensing applications, metamaterials and random lasing, and customizable optical functionalities for sensing, and energy conversion are also elaborated upon. In the end, a brief listing of more recent selected publications is presented. This review article highlights the diverse and promising avenues in nanophotonics and metamaterials research in India.
The Manager and Love: Evoking a Loving Inquiry in a Group Setting
Authors: Chen Angela P. , Nigri Giorgia , Culham Thomas E. , Nussbaum Barbara , Peregoy Richard , Plunkett Margot 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNeuroscientists, psychologists, educators, and management scholars propose that the current emphasis on intellect and reason in education and business over values such as love, connectedness, and compassion are at the root of many business ethical failures and societal problems. They argue not that reason should be abandoned in education and business management but rather that it needs to be balanced with values such as love because these attributes are innately human, enabling wise decision-making. This is a difficult task in the context of the current ethos of intellect and reason that dominates education and management. To correct the imbalance, we must explore ways of preparing future managers to accept the relevance and importance of learning to develop and embody love. Through our research, we provide an experience of community love by creating a caring, receptive, personal container. We engaged in the practice of Collaborative Autoethnography, integrating the Nguni South African concept of Ubuntu, to explore, research, and demonstrate the experience of love in a community setting. To support this practice, we framed it against the background of integrative justice, focusing on authentic engagement without exploitative intent as per Santos and Laczniak’s (2015) Integrative Justice Model (IJM) and built upon some common contexts from which love is considered such as Catholic Social Thought (CST) and indigenous cultures. We analyzed why and how love might be implemented in education and management and how Collaborative Autoethnography can be applied in connecting with others to research, learn from, and build upon the experience of love and connectedness.
Development of lightweight intrusion model in Industrial Internet of Things using deep learning technique
Authors: Sinha Raj , Thakur Padmanabh , Gupta Sandeep , Shukla Anand 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNowadays, the IDS is being used in conjunction with the IIoT system to reduce the security risk, but on the other hand, the false rate of the IDS is very high. Therefore, in this work, a pre-training method, making use of both a deep neural network and a deep auto-encoder, has been proposed for the quick prediction of assaults with increased accuracy and a reduced false rate. The replicas were expanded using hyperparameter optimization (HPO) techniques. The proposed model delivers an alternative to deep learning construction replicas through an HPO procedure incorporating the Archimedes optimization algorithm. This optimization technique can be used to determine the hyperparameter value and the ideal categorical hyperparameter combination for improved detection performance. The DS2OS dataset is used alongside numerous other indicators to evaluate the efficacy of the developed model. The various existing techniques of assault detection have also been considered to show the effectiveness of the proposed model. Through the comparative evaluation of the outcomes, it is shown that the developed model provides better performance than the other existing models. Eventually, it is discovered that the suggested security paradigm is successful in fending off a variety of internal and external threats.
White Clover does not Increase Soil N2O Emissions Compared to Ryegrass in Non-Frozen Winter, but Increases CH4 Uptake
Authors: Shao Guodong , Ai Juanjuan , Dippold Michaela A. , Fan Lichao , Dorodnikov Maxim , Liang Bo , Dittert Klaus , Wang Haitao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAs one of the most important forage species in Europe, white clover (Trifolium repens) is a legume that is well recognized for its potential to increase productivity especially under reduced N input. It is hypothesized that legumes have the potential to decrease overwinter soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions due to more efficient N recycling as compared to non-legume forbs. We conducted a field experiment recording high-resolution soil nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) fluxes during the winter months (December 2019 to March 2020) on a five-year-old grassland in central Germany with white clover, fertilized and unfertilized perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne), and bare soil. White clover and fertilized ryegrass stimulated soil N2O emissions by 174% and 212% as compared to bare soil, and by 36% and 56% as compared to unfertilized ryegrass, respectively, due to their greater N availability and higher water-filled pore space (WFPS). The estimated cumulative CH4 fluxes under white clover were a net CH4 sink, whereas ryegrass and bare soil were net CH4 sources. Soil N2O fluxes were predominantly regulated by both mineral N and WFPS, while CH4 fluxes were mainly explained by WFPS. N-fertilization during the growing season did not affect off-season N2O and CH4 fluxes in perennial ryegrass plots. The combined non-CO2 global warming potential highlighted the possible mitigation effect of white clover on overwinter GHG emissions. Our findings suggest that GHG emissions from legumes are not offsetting their productive benefits during the non-frozen winter seasons.
Exploring magnetic nanomaterials with a focus on magnetic biochar in anaerobic digestion: from synthesis to application
Authors: Zhou Wenneng , Mazarji Mahmoud , Li Mengtong , Li Aohua , Wang Yajing , Yang Yadong , Lee Jonathan T. E. , Rene Eldon R. , Yuan Xiangzhou , Pan Junting 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAnaerobic digestion technology, effective for sustainable waste management and renewable energy, but challenged by slow reaction rates and low biogas yields, could benefit from advancements in magnetic nanomaterials. This review explores the potential of magnetic nanomaterials, particularly magnetic biochar nanocomposites, to address these challenges by serving as electron conduits and providing essential iron. This review contributes a thorough overview of the application of magnetic nanoparticles loaded into biochar in anaerobic digestion and engages in a comprehensive discussion regarding the synthesis methods and characterization of various magnetic nanoparticles, elucidating their mechanisms of action in both the absence and presence of magnetic fields. Our review underscores the predominance of co-precipitation (53%) and commercially sourced nanoparticles (29%) as the main synthesis methods, with chemical reduction, pyrolysis, and green synthesis pathways less commonly utilized (8%, 5%, and 5%, respectively). Notably, pyrolysis is predominantly employed for synthesizing magnetic biochar nanocomposites, reflecting its prevalence in 100% of cases for this specific application. By offering a critical evaluation of the current state of knowledge and discussing the challenges and future directions for research in this field, this review can help researchers and practitioners better understand the potential of magnetic biochar nanocomposites for enhancing anaerobic digestion performance and ultimately advancing sustainable waste management and renewable energy production.
Graphical Abstract
Evolution of Energetic Proton Parallel Pressure Anisotropy at Geosynchronous Altitudes: Potential Role in Triggering Substorm Expansion Phase Onset
Authors: Babu S. S. , Mann I. R. , Dimitrakoudis S. , Ozeke L. G. , Rae I. J. , Forsyth C. , Smith A. W. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe sequence of events associated with the triggering of energy release during substorm expansion phase onset is still not well‐understood. Oberhagemann and Mann (2020b, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019gl085271) proposed a new substorm onset mechanism, where the transition toward parallel proton pressure anisotropy during tail stretching in the late growth phase could trigger a pressure anisotropic ballooning instability. Here we examine the evolution of energetic proton parallel pressure anisotropy at geosynchronous altitudes, seeking evidence in support of the proposed substorm onset mechanism. We use the Geostationary Operational Environment Satellite (GOES) proton flux and magnetometer data combined with substorm onset indicators derived from ground‐based magnetometers. Superposed epoch analysis of substorm onset times for 2014 using the isolated substorm list (Ohtani & Gjerloev, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020ja027902) clearly shows signatures of energetic proton parallel pressure anisotropy immediately before substorm onset, potentially supportive of the Oberhagemann and Mann theory.
Periodicity in the Deccan Volcanism Modulated by Plume Perturbations at the Mid‐Mantle Transition Zone
Authors: Ghosh Dip , Sen Joyjeet , Mandal Nibir 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn peninsular India, the Deccan Traps record massive, continental‐scale volcanism in a sequence of magmatic events that corresponds with the timing of mass extinction at the Cretaceous‐Paleogene boundary. Although the Deccan volcanism is linked with the Réunion hotspot, the origin of its periodic magmatic pulses is still debated. We developed a numerical model replicating the geodynamic scenario of the African superplume underneath a moving Indian plate to explore the mechanism of magmatic pulse generation during the Deccan volcanism. Our model results revealed a connection between the Réunion hotspot and the African large low shear‐wave velocity province (LLSVP), suggesting that the pulses were produced from a thermochemical plume originated in the lower mantle. The ascending plume had stagnation at 660 km due to phase changes in the transition zone, and its head eventually underwent detachment from the tail under the influence of Indian plate movement to produce sequentially four major pulses (periodicity: 5–8 Ma), each giving rise to multiple secondary magmatic pulses at a time interval of ∼0.15–0.4 Ma. This study sheds a new light on the mechanism of periodic hotspot activities from a global perspective.
Resolving Organic Aerosol Components Contributing to the Oxidative Potential of PM2.5 in the North China Plain
Authors: Liu Fobang , Yang Xu , Xu Weiqi , Verma Vishal , Wang Zhao , Chen Chun , He Yao , Yang Liu , Yang Yang , Sun Yele , He Chi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe oxidative potential (OP) of ambient particulate matter (PM) is a common metric for estimating PM toxicity and linking PM exposure to adverse health effects. Organic aerosol (OA), a dominant fraction of ambient PM worldwide, may significantly contribute to PM toxicity. Here, we investigated the source‐based OA components contributing to the OP of PM in the urban (Beijing, summer and winter) and rural (Gucheng, winter) environments of the North China Plain (NCP). Various OA components as identified by the aerosol mass spectrometer/aerosol chemical speciation monitor (AMS/ACSM), transition metals, and black carbon were compared with the OP of PM measured by dithiothreitol assays. The results consistently demonstrate the importance of OA as a contributor to PM's OP in both urban and rural NCP environments. Higher intrinsic OP was observed in winter Beijing than in summer, possibly due to OA being predominantly from anthropogenic sources in winter. Furthermore, different OA components were found to drive the response of OP in the two environments. More‐oxidized oxygenated OA (MO‐OOA), cooking OA, and oxidized primary OA (during winter) are the OA contributors to OP in the urban environment, with a dominant contribution from MO‐OOA. In contrast, biomass burning OA (BBOA) and OOA play a major role in the OP in the rural environment, with BBOA making the largest contribution. Overall, this work highlights the significance of OA in determining PM's OP and calls for more work to reveal the sources and characteristics of OA components contributing to OP across different regions.
Amino acid influx via LAT1 regulates iron demand and sensitivity to PPMX-T003 of aggressive natural killer cell leukemia
Authors: Yanagiya Ryo , Miyatake Yuji , Watanabe Natsumi , Shimizu Takanobu , Kanamori Akane , Ueno Masaya , Okabe Sachiko , Carreras Joaquim , Nakayama Shunya , Hasegawa Ami , Kameda Kazuaki , Kamakura Takeshi , Nakagawa So , Yamauchi Takuji , Maeda Takahiro , Ishii Keisuke , Matsuura Tadashi , Handa Hiroshi , Hirao Atsushi , Ishizawa Kenichi , Onizuka Makoto , Mashima Tetsuo , Nakamura Naoya , Ando Kiyoshi , Kotani Ai 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAggressive natural killer cell leukemia (ANKL) is a rare hematological malignancy with a fulminant clinical course. Our previous study revealed that ANKL cells proliferate predominantly in the liver sinusoids and strongly depend on transferrin supplementation. In addition, we demonstrated that liver-resident ANKL cells are sensitive to PPMX-T003, an anti-human transferrin receptor 1 inhibitory antibody, whereas spleen-resident ANKL cells are resistant to transferrin receptor 1 inhibition. However, the microenvironmental factors that regulate the iron dependency of ANKL cells remain unclear. In this study, we first revealed that the anti-neoplastic effect of PPMX-T003 was characterized by DNA double-strand breaks in a DNA replication-dependent manner, similar to conventional cytotoxic agents. We also found that the influx of extracellular amino acids via LAT1 stimulated sensitivity to PPMX-T003. Taken together, we discovered that the amount of extracellular amino acid influx through LAT1 was the key environmental factor determining the iron dependency of ANKL cells via adjustment of their mTOR/Myc activity, which provides a good explanation for the different sensitivity to PPMX-T003 between liver- and spleen-resident ANKL cells, as the liver sinusoid contains abundant amino acids absorbed from the gut.
Curcumol ameliorates neuroinflammation after cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury via affecting microglial polarization and Treg/Th17 balance through Nrf2/HO-1 and NF-κB signaling
Authors: Liu Ying , Wang Wen , Di Bohan , Miao Jiangyong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNeuroinflammation caused by microglia and other immune cells plays pivotal role in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and recovery. Modulating microglial polarization or Treg/Th17 balance from pro-inflammatory phenotype to anti-inflammatory phenotype are promising strategies for the treatment of cerebral ischemia. Curcumol has potential to fight against oxidative stress and inflammation, but whether it has protective effect in cerebral ischemia is uncertain. In the present study, cerebral ischemia was induced in C57BL/6 mice via middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). MCAO mice were treated with curcumol for 7 days, then post-stroke ischemic injury, neurological deficits, microglial polarization and brain leukocyte infiltration were evaluated by TTC staining, behavioural tests, flow cytometry, western blot and immunofluorescence. We found that poststroke administration of curcumol reduced infarct volume, attenuated neuronal damage and inflammation, and improved motor function recovery of MCAO mice. Curcumol skewed microglial polarization toward anti-inflammatory phenotype in MCAO mice in vivo or after oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R) in vitro. In addition, curcumol reduced local T cell infiltration in ischemic brain of MCAO mice and impaired Treg/Th17 balance. Curcumol inhibited ROS production and regulated Nrf2/HO-1 and NF-κB signaling in microglia. Finally, inhibiting Nrf2/HO-1 signaling or activating NF-κB signaling abrogated the influence of curcumol on microglial polarization. In conclusion, curcumol treatment reduced brain damage and neuroinflammation via modulating anti-inflammatory microglial polarization and Treg/Th17 balance through Nrf2/HO-1 and NF-κB signaling. Curcumol might be a promising treatment strategy for stroke patients.
Prefrontal coding of learned and inferred knowledge during REM and NREM sleep
Authors: Abdou Kareem , Nomoto Masanori , Aly Mohamed H. , Ibrahim Ahmed Z. , Choko Kiriko , Okubo-Suzuki Reiko , Muramatsu Shin-ichi , Inokuchi Kaoru 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIdling brain activity has been proposed to facilitate inference, insight, and innovative problem-solving. However, it remains unclear how and when the idling brain can create novel ideas. Here, we show that cortical offline activity is both necessary and sufficient for building unlearned inferential knowledge from previously acquired information. In a transitive inference paradigm, male C57BL/6J mice gained the inference 1 day after, but not shortly after, complete training. Inhibiting the neuronal computations in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) during post-learning either non-rapid eye movement (NREM) or rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, but not wakefulness, disrupted the inference without affecting the learned knowledge. In vivo Ca2+ imaging suggests that NREM sleep organizes the scattered learned knowledge in a complete hierarchy, while REM sleep computes the inferential information from the organized hierarchy. Furthermore, after insufficient learning, artificial activation of medial entorhinal cortex-ACC dialog during only REM sleep created inferential knowledge. Collectively, our study provides a mechanistic insight on NREM and REM coordination in weaving inferential knowledge, thus highlighting the power of idling brain in cognitive flexibility.