bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical relevance of Luminex donor‐specific crossmatches: data from 165 renal transplants
Authors: Billen E. V. A. , Christiaans M. H. L. , Van Den Berg‐Loonen E. M. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe clinical significance of the presence of donor‐specific anti‐human leucocyte antigen (HLA) antibodies (DSA) prior to renal transplantation detected solely by solid‐phase techniques remains unclear. This study was designed to determine the clinical relevance of the recently introduced bead‐based Luminex donor‐specific crossmatch (LumXm). A group of 165 patients transplanted between 1997 and 2001 were tested. Of 165 recipients transplanted with a negative complement‐dependent cytotoxicity crossmatch, 32 proved to have a positive Luminex crossmatch. Sixteen were positive for class I, 15 were positive for class II, 1 was both class I and II positive and 133 recipients were negative. Acute rejection (AR)‐free survival for all recipients was 77%, and there was no difference in AR‐free survival between LumXm‐positive and LumXm‐negative recipients. Overall graft survival after a median follow‐up time of 8 years was 56%. Recipients with a positive class I LumXm had worse long‐term graft survival (P = 0.006). In recipients with a positive class I LumXm, 5‐year graft survival was 41%vs70% in negative patients and 10‐year graft survival was 27%vs56%. Positivity for class II LumXm was not a significant risk factor for graft failure (P = 0.7). In conclusion, pretransplant DSA detected by the LumXm had no impact on AR episodes. Class II LumXm positivity proved no significant risk factor for graft failure, but the value of the class II LumXm is questionable. A positive class I LumXm resulted in worse long‐term graft survival compared with a negative one.
A2hA1 a New Variant of Ah, in two Group A Members of an English Family.
Authors: Yoak D. , Stapleton R. R. , Bowley C. C. 
Published: June 2009

Summary. The A2hA1 bloods are characterised by the absence of H from their red cells while possessing an A antigen of ‘A2’ status.They are Le(a +) and the salivas contain Lea but not A or H substances.The sera contain a normal anti‐B and a cold (4°C) anti‐H.The sera do not contain the Bombay type (37°C) anti‐H nor do they contain anti‐A1.Theoretical considerations are discussed for the inheritance of the trait and of possible biosynthetic pathways whereby an A antigen can be produced in the absence of demonstrable H on the red cells.
Microwave Elution of Red Cell Antibodies
Authors: Torloni A.S. , McCullough J.S. , Brecher M. E. , Triable L.J. , Hill M. G. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractUsing a commercial microwave oven (750 W, 2,450 MHz), we compared the use of microwave energy to the commonly used method of acid‐glycine elution (Elu‐Kit II, Gamma Biologicals, Houston, Tex., USA) to elute antibodies from direct antiglobulin test positive red blood cells (RBC). Using a 33% suspension of RBCs in cold saline (1–6°C) in a polypropylene test tube, the microwave technique was comparable for eluting Rh (except anti‐c and anti‐e) and Kell and superior for eluting Duffy, Kidd antibodies while acid‐glycine was superior in eluting S and s antibodies. Consistent results were obtained using the microwave technique when the RBC suspension reached temperature of 57–64°C. Heat or the rate of temperature rise appears to play an important role in the microwave elution process although other not yet identified microwave properties may also be a factor. Microwaves are a quick (8 s) alternative to well‐established methods of elution and have shown to give consistent results in our study. Commercially available microwave ovens vary substantially in power, making it necessary to perform an initial calibration of the microwave in order to determine a location within the microwave cavity where exposure to microwaves will consistently achieve temperatures of 57–64°C in all cell suspensions.
First Case of Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn due to Anti‐Ula Antibodies
Authors: Sakuma K. , Suzuki H. , Ohto H. , Tsuneyama H. , Uchikawa M. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe first case of hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) due to anti‐Ula antibodies is described. The infant had severe anemia with a positive direct antiglobulin test with anti‐IgG that required blood transfusion. But jaundice was not severe enough for exchange transfusion or phototherapy.
Renal functional effects of simultaneous bilateral single‐tract percutaneous access in pigs
Authors: Handa Rajash K. , Johnson Cynthia D. , Connors Bret A. , Gao Sujuan , Evan Andrew P. , Miller Nicole L. , Matlaga Brian R. , Lingeman James E. 
Published: June 2009

OBJECTIVETo present our findings of simultaneous bilateral percutaneous nephrolithotomy (sbPCNL) on bilateral renal haemodynamic and excretory function in an in vivo pig model, as despite sbPCNL being a treatment strategy for patients with bilateral renal stones, the functional response of both kidneys to such a procedure is unknown.MATERIALS AND METHODSNine anaesthetized female pigs (≈70 kg) had a single‐tract PCNL procedure in the left kidney and then the right kidney in one session (sbPCNL). Percutaneous access was achieved by a 30 F balloon dilator system. Bilateral renal function was measured before, 1.5 and 4.5 h after sbPCNL and included glomerular filtration rate (GFR), effective renal plasma flow (RPF), renal extraction of para‐aminohippurate (EPAH, a measure of the efficiency of tubular organic anion transport), urine flow (UV), absolute sodium excretion (UNaV) and fractional sodium excretion (FENa).RESULTSBoth kidneys had similar baseline haemodynamic and excretory function, and showed comparable changes after sbPCNL. Bilateral GFR and RPF decreased by ≈35% at 1.5 and 4.5 h after sbPCNL; EPAH was reduced to a similar degree in both kidneys at 1.5 h after sbPCNL and remained depressed throughout the observation period; bilateral UV and UNaV progressively decreased by ≈30% and ≈60% at 1.5 and 4.5 h after sbPCNL, respectively; bilateral FENa did not significantly change at 1.5 h after sbPCNL but decreased significantly by ≈50% at 4.5 h.CONCLUSIONSBoth kidneys responded in a similar fashion after sbPCNL, with declines in haemodynamic and excretory function. These bilateral functional responses were comparable to those previously reported after unilateral PCNL, and help to reduce concerns that PCNL of both kidneys in one session could lead to greater functional complications, at least acutely.
Sex differences in the expression profile of acid‐sensing ion channels in the mouse urinary bladder: a possible involvement in irritative bladder symptoms
Authors: Kobayashi Hideki , Yoshiyama Mitsuharu , Zakoji Hidenori , Takeda Masayuki , Araki Isao 
Published: June 2009

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expressions and sex differences of acid‐sensitive ion channels (i.e. ASIC and transient receptor potential channel V1, TRPV1; both key receptors for extracellular protons that might underlie the acid‐evoked pain perception) and other nociceptive ion channels in the mouse bladder.MATERIALS AND METHODSMucosa and muscle layers of the urinary bladder were separately taken from male and female mice. The gene expressions of ASIC subunits, TRPV1, TRPA1 and TRPM8 were quantified using real‐time reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction. The localization of ASIC protein was explored using immunohistochemistry. Continuous‐filling cystometry was used to examine the effects of capsazepine, a TRPV1 blocker, on the bladder response to acetic acid.RESULTSASIC1 was the dominant ASIC subunit expressed in bladder epithelium, whereas both ASIC1 and ASIC2 were expressed in bladder smooth muscle. ASIC3 expression was much less abundant, but localized in the subepithelial region. In the mucosa, the ASIC1 gene was more highly expressed in male than in female mice, whereas the expression level of ASIC2 in the bladder muscle was higher in female than in male mice. The expression of TRPV1 in the bladder showed a sex difference (male < female), but it was much lower than ASIC genes. Furthermore, the intravesical administration of 100 µm capsazepine showed no effect on bladder irritation by acetic acid. TRPA1 and TRPM8 did not show sex differences in their expression.CONCLUSIONThe expression of ASIC subunit in the bladder was abundant and showed significant sex differences. Thus, ASICs might be involved in the sex difference in the bladder response to acidic irritation.
Results of retroperitoneal lymph node dissection after chemotherapy in patients with pure seminoma in the orchidectomy specimen but elevated serum α‐fetoprotein
Authors: Peterson Matthew , Beck Stephen , Bihrle Richard , Einhorn Lawrence , Foster Richard 
Published: June 2009

OBJECTIVETo determine the incidence of necrosis, teratoma, and active cancer in specimens at retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) after chemotherapy in patients who presented with a pure seminoma primary tumour and an elevated serum α‐fetoprotein (AFP) level at diagnosis who underwent surgery.PATIENTS AND METHODSA retrospective review of the Indiana University testis cancer database from 1980 to 2004 was performed to identify all patients with metastasic germ cell cancer, pure seminoma in the orchidectomy specimen, and an elevated AFP level. In all, 42 patients were identified; two with nonseminomatous germ cell cancer in the contralateral testicle were excluded.RESULTSRPLND pathology in the 40 patients showed necrosis in 13 (32.5%), teratoma in 12 (30%), and cancer in 15 (37.5%). The histological subtype of the 15 cancer specimens at RPLND was pure seminoma in two, embryonal in three, yolk sac in seven, variant in one, and mixed elements in two (one with seminoma and yolk sac, and one with embryonal and variant). In all, 20 patients presented with a serum AFP level of <1000 µg/mL with nine (45%) having teratoma only in the retroperitoneum in contrast to 20 patients with an AFP level of >1000 µg/mL with three (15%) having teratoma only in the retroperitoneum (P = 0.04). The level of serum AFP did not predict for active cancer in the retroperitoneum (P = 0.5).CONCLUSIONSRPLND in patients after chemotherapy who presented with pure seminoma in the orchidectomy specimen and an elevated AFP do not have a high probability of finding necrosis only in the RPLND specimen. In fact, the prevalence of persistent cancer is higher compared with the general group of patients that have RPLND after chemotherapy.
Characterizing the obesogenic environment: the state of the evidence with directions for future research
Authors: Kirk S. F. L. , Penney T. L. , McHugh T.‐L. F. 
Published: June 2009

SummaryDespite the explosion of obesogenic environment research within the last decade, consensus on what constitutes the very environment we are trying to measure has not yet been reached. This presents a major challenge towards our understanding of environmental research for obesity, and the development of a desperately needed contextualized evidence base to support action and policies for curbing this epidemic. Specifically, we lack the application of a cohesive definition or framework, which creates the potential for confusion regarding the role of the environment, misinterpretation of research findings and missed opportunities with respect to possible avenues for environmentally based interventions. This scoping review identified primary studies and relevant reviews examining factors related to body mass index, diet and/or physical activity with respect to the obesogenic environment. Using a comprehensive framework for conceptualizing the obesogenic environment, the Analysis Grid for Environments Linked to Obesity (ANGELO), we identified 146 primary studies, published between January 1985 and January 2008, that could be characterized according to the dimensions of ANGELO. Gaps in the literature were clearly identified at the level of the macro‐environment, and the political and economic micro‐environments, highlighting key areas where further research is warranted if we are to more fully understand the role of the obesogenic environment.
Maternal height and length of gestation: Does this impact on preterm labour in Asian women?
Authors: CHAN Ben Chong‐Pun , LAO Terence Tzu‐Hsi 
Published: June 2009

Background: Both maternal height and ethnicity may influence the gestation length, but their independent effect is unclear.Aim: This study was performed to examine the relationship between maternal height and gestational length in women with singleton pregnancies in a Chinese and southeast Asian population.Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed on women carrying singleton pregnancies with spontaneous labour in a 48‐month period managed under our department to determine the relationship between maternal height, expressed in quartiles, with the mean gestational age and incidence of preterm labour.Results: Of the 16 384 women who delivered within this period, the 25th, 50th and 75th percentile values of maternal height were 153 cm, 156 cm and 160 cm respectively. Excluded from analysis were 6597 women because of multifetal pregnancy, teenage pregnancy (maternal age ≤ 19 years old), induction of labour or elective caesarean section, or incomplete data due to no antenatal booking in our hospital. Significant differences were found in the maternal weight and body mass index, incidences of multiparity and smokers, gestational age and birthweight among the four quartiles. There was significantly increased incidence of preterm birth between 32 and 37 weeks gestation in women with shorter stature.Conclusions: In our population, maternal height has an influence on gestational length, and the lower three quartiles was associated with increased odds of labour at > 32 to < 37 weeks. This effect should be taken into consideration in the adoption of international recommendations in obstetric management and intervention.
Mid‐trimester amniotic fluid C‐reactive protein, ferritin and lactate dehydrogenase concentrations and subsequent risk of spontaneous preterm labour
Authors: BORNA Sedigheh , MIRZAIE Fatemeh , ABDOLLAHI Alireza 
Published: June 2009

Background: Preterm delivery is a serious problem in obstetrics. A pre‐existing inflammation in the first half of gestation has been proposed as a possible condition that leads to preterm delivery.Aim: Our aim was to compare C‐reactive protein (CRP), ferritin and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) concentrations in mid‐trimester amniotic fluid of patients with preterm and term deliveries and to found out their predictive values for preterm delivery.Methods: The study was conducted on 90 pregnant women who underwent genetic amniocentesis between the 15th and the 20th weeks of gestation. The samples were carried immediately to the laboratory for cytogenetic and biochemical examination. Non‐parametric tests and receiver‐operating characteristic curve analysis were used for statistical purpose.Results: This study showed women with preterm delivery at < 37 weeks (n = 17) had a higher median of amniotic fluid LDH concentration than those women who delivered at term (n = 73) (P = 0.003). Amniotic fluid LDH concentration of > 120 IU/L had a sensitivity of 59% and a specificity of 81% in the prediction of spontaneous preterm delivery at < 37 weeks. Maternal serum alpha‐fetoprotein levels were higher in patients delivered preterm compared with term deliveries (P = 0.036).Conclusion: Mid‐trimester LDH is found to be quite effective in the prediction of preterm delivery. Pre‐existing intrauterine inflammatory process early in gestation may be an important risk factor for preterm delivery.
Constitutively lower expressions of CD54 on primary myeloma cells and their different localizations in bone marrow
Authors: Iqbal Mohd S. , Otsuyama Ken‐Ichiro , Shamsasenjan Karim , Asaoku Hideki , Mahmoud Maged S. , Gondo Toshikazu , Kawano Michio M. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractTo evaluate nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) activity in primary myeloma cells from myeloma patients, we confirmed that the expression levels of CD54 showed a good correlation with the levels of DNA binding activity for NF‐κB in human myeloma cell lines, and thus analyzed the expression levels of CD54 on CD38(++) plasma cell fractions as one of NF‐κB activity. Primary myeloma cells unexpectedly showed constitutively lower expressions of CD54 than normal bone marrow (BM) plasma cells. Furthermore, the expression levels of CD54 on these plasma cells showed a significant correlation with the plasma levels of CXCL12 stromal cell‐derived factor‐1α (SDF‐1α) in their BM aspirates, and the expressions of CXCR4, the receptor for CXCL12, decreased on primary myeloma cells compared with normal BM plasma cells. It was also confirmed that the addition of CXCL12 to the in vitro culture significantly induced the up‐regulation of CD54 expression in primary myeloma cells. In addition, myeloma cells with lower expressions of CD54 were more unstable in the in vitro culture, resulting in a marked reduction of the viable cell number. In the immunohistochemical analysis of BM aspirates, myeloma cells with lower CD54 expression resided in the perivascular regions. Therefore, these data suggest that primary myeloma cells exhibit constitutively lower CD54 that might be partially regulated by CXCL12, and their localizations in the BM may be associated with the expression levels of CD54.
Nuclear expression of YB‐1 in diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma: correlation with disease activity and patient outcome
Authors: Xu WenLing , Zhou LeiLei , Qin RuJuan , Tang HuaRong , Shen HuiLing 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe aim of this study is to investigate the correlations among Y‐box binding protein‐1 (YB‐1) and P‐glycoprotein(P‐gp) and their prognostic significance in diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The expression of YB‐1 and P‐gp was examined immunohistochemically on 68 patients with DLBCL who were treated from 2003 to 2005. Samples were paraffin‐embedded newly diagnosed DLBCL tissues taken from the surgical specimens before adjuvant chemotherapy. We determined the prognostic significance of YB‐1 and its relationship with P‐gp in patients with DLBCL. Of the 68 tumors examined, 42 (61.8%) were positive for YB‐1 expression in the nucleus. The nuclear expression of YB‐1 was significantly associated with clinical stages, bone marrow involvement, extra nodal involvement, and poor response to chemotherapy. No associations were observed between P‐gp and clinical features, in context of the poor response to chemotherapy. Nuclear expression of YB‐1 was correlated significantly with increased expression of P‐gp patients with a nuclear YB‐1 tumor had a poorer prognosis than did those with a cytoplasmic YB‐1 tumor in all of the DLBCL patients (P = 0.035). Thus, correlation of YB‐1 and P‐gp emerged as a possible biomarker for unfavorable prognosis in DLBCL. It may provide useful information for clinicians to determine the appropriate therapy for each type of DLBCL.
Correlation Between Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS) and Sexual Function in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Impact of Treatment of LUTS on Sexual Function
Authors: Jung Jae Hun , Jae Sung Uk , Kam Sung Chul , Hyun Jae Seog 
Published: June 2009

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Although many reports have shown a relationship between lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and sexual function (SF), it is not known which symptom(s) among LUTS should be treated to improve SF.

Aim
Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate correlations between LUTS and SF and to determine which symptom(s) should be improved to increase SF.

Main Outcome Measure
The correlation between the severity of LUTS and erectile dysfunction (ED) was investigated, and changes in LUTS were compared and analyzed to determine which symptom(s) should be eliminated to improve SF.

Methods
The correlation between LUTS and SF was investigated in 365 men (62.04 ± 8.26) with benign prostatic hyperplasia. To measure the severity of the LUTS and ED, the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), frequency of nocturia, uroflowmetry, residual urine, transrectal ultrasonography, and the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF)-5 were performed at the first visit. After 3 months of treatment with α-blockers (n = 304), they were assessed again to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment.

Results
All parameters of LUTS (IPSS, age, residual urine, uroflow rate, and nocturia) except prostate volume correlated significantly with the total and each domain of IIEF-5 (P &lt; 0.01). After 3 months, the changed scores in the IPSS-VD domain and IPSS-quality of life (QoL) correlated significantly with the improvement in total IIEF-5 and the domains of IIEF-5 (P &lt; 0.05). The changed rates of the mean uroflow correlated significantly with the improvement in total IIEF-5 and the EF domain (P &lt; 0.05).

Conclusion
Among the LUTS parameters, improvement in the IPSS-VD domain, IPSS-QoL, and mean uroflow significantly correlated with an increased score in the IIEF-5 EF domain. Thus, it is expected that the improvement of voiding symptoms and uroflow will be associated with the improvement in erectile function.
Increased Cavernosal Relaxations in Sickle Cell Mice Priapism are Associated with Alterations in the NO-cGMP Signaling Pathway
Authors: Claudino Mário Angelo , Franco-Penteado Carla Fernanda , Corat Marcus Alexandre Finzi , Gimenes Ana Paula , Passos Luiz Augusto Correa , Antunes Edson , Costa Fernando Ferreira 
Published: June 2009

ABSTRACTIntroductionPriapism is defined as prolonged and persistent penile erection, unassociated with sexual interest or stimulation, and is one of the many serious complications associated with sickle cell disease (SCD).AimThe aim of this study was to evaluate the role of the NO-cGMP signaling pathway in priapism in Berkeley murine model of SCD (SS).MethodsSS mice and C57BL/6 mice (control) penile tissues were removed and the erectile tissue within the corpus cavernosum (CC) was surgically dissected free. The strips were mounted in 10 mL organ baths containing Krebs solution at 37°C (95% O2, 5% CO2, pH 7.4), and vertically suspended between two metal hooks.Main Outcome MeasuresCumulative concentration-response curves were constructed for acetylcholine (ACh; endothelium-dependent responses), sodium nitroprusside (SNP; endothelium-independent relaxations) and BAY 41-2272 (a potent activator of NO-independent site of soluble guanylate cyclase) in CC precontracted with phenylephrine. Cavernosal responses induced by frequency-dependent electrical field stimulation (EFS) were also carried out to evaluate the nitrergic cavernosal relaxations.ResultsIn SS mice, ACh-induced cavernosal relaxations were leftward shifted by 2.6-fold (P &lt; 0.01) that was accompanied by increases in the maximal responses (78 ± 5% and 60 ± 3% in SS and C57B6/6J mice, respectively). Similarly, SNP- and BAY 41-2272-induced CC relaxations were leftward shifted by approximately 3.3- and 2.2-fold (P &lt; 0.01) in SS mice, respectively. A significant increase in maximal responses to SNP and BAY 41-2272 in SS mice was also observed (113 ± 6% and 124 ± 5%, respectively) compared with C57B6/6J mice (83 ± 4% and 99 ± 2%, respectively). The EFS-induced cavernosal relaxations were also significantly higher SS mice.ConclusionThese results showed that SS mice exhibit amplified corpus carvenosum relaxation response mediated by NO-cGMP signaling pathway. Intervention in this signaling pathway may be a potential therapeutic target to treat SCD priapism.