bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deification and Ecology
Authors: Theokritoff Elizabeth 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The chapter considers how the perspective of deification colors people’s relationship with the material world: the Orthodox monastic tradition, intensely focused on deification, also affords outstanding contemporary examples of ecological living. The Greek patristic tradition establishes the “greater arc” of creation for deification, God’s presence in creation through the logoi of beings (St. Maximus), and matter deified through God’s incarnate presence. The ascetic emphasis on bodily transformation extends transfiguration through the material world. The legacy of Russian religious philosophy is a cosmic vision, but also the idea of deification as human task. Themes of “humanizing” and technological mastery in Bulgakov, Teilhard de Chardin, and, later, Stăniloae are contentious; but they and others, notably Clément, also highlight the progressive transfiguration of the material world through the church and especially the Eucharist. Deification is thus a reality already glimpsed—dependent however not on humans nor on pristine nature, but on God alone.
The “Non-Biblical” Writings of Early Judaism
Authors: Macaskill Grant 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses the traditions regarding human or creaturely deification in writings of Early Judaism that are often categorized as “non-biblical,” “non-canonical,” or “intertestamental.” These categories are highlighted as problematic, reflecting a distinctly Christian viewpoint, and the difficulties involved in reconstructing the true extent of early Jewish literature are considered. Focusing on demonstrably Jewish literature, particularly the Dead Sea Scrolls and the writings of Philo of Alexandria, the chapter examines various points of equivalence in the early Jewish representations of exalted humans with the theological traditions of deification. A central claim is that the traditions about exalted humans and their relationship to both God and the angels have been widely misread because of a problematic understanding of “monotheism” in Early Judaism. The possibility that Early Judaism affirmed the realities of other gods, while maintaining the categorical uniqueness of Israel’s God, reframes the significance of both exalted humans and angelic figures.
Reduced Tensor Network Formulation for Non-Abelian Gauge Theories in Arbitrary Dimensions
Authors: Yosprakob Atis 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Formulating non-Abelian gauge theories as a tensor network is known to be challenging due to the internal degrees of freedom that result in the degeneracy in the singular value spectrum. In two dimensions, it is straightforward to “trace out” these degrees of freedom with the use of character expansion, giving a reduced tensor network where the degeneracy associated with the internal symmetry is eliminated. In this work, we show that such an index loop also exists in higher dimensions in the form of a closed tensor network that we call the “armillary sphere”. This allows us to completely eliminate the matrix indices and reduce the overall size of the tensors in the same way as is possible in two dimensions. This formulation allows us to include significantly more representations with the same tensor size, thus making it possible to reach a greater level of numerical accuracy in the tensor renormalization group computations.
Deciphering difficult-to-treat psoriatic arthritis (D2T-PsA): a GRAPPA perspective from an international survey of healthcare professionals
Authors: Ribeiro Andre L , Singla Shikha , Chandran Vinod , Chronis Nicholas , Liao Wilson , Lindsay Christine , Soriano Enrique R , Mease Philip J , Proft Fabian 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objectives
This study contributes to the Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA)’s effort to define ‘difficult-to-treat’ PsA (D2T-PsA), leveraging insights of healthcare professionals who are GRAPPA members. The primary objective is to inform GRAPPA’s D2T PsA project, ensuring the consensus definition reflects clinical experience and expertise.

Methods
An online survey was conducted among GRAPPA’s healthcare professionals managing PsA patients. The survey covered demographic details, structured questions, and open-ended queries to gather comprehensive insights into the experts’ viewpoints.

Results
About 223 physicians completed the survey, comprising 179 (80.2%) rheumatologists and 40 (17.9%) dermatologists. The majority, 184 (82.5%), favoured establishing distinct definitions for D2T-PsA and complex-to-manage PsA (C2M-PsA). Furthermore, 202 (90.5%) supported a definition that includes objective inflammation signs (clinical, laboratory, imaging, among others). However, opinions varied on the criteria for prior treatment failures, with most (93, 41.7%) favouring a definition that includes at least one conventional synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug and two or more biological- or targeted-synthetic-DMARDs with different mechanisms of action.

Conclusion
The survey reveals a majority opinion among GRAPPA experts favouring the differentiation between D2T-PsA and C2M-PsA, and the inclusion of objective inflammatory markers in these definitions. However, there is less than 50% agreement on the specific treatment failure criteria, particularly regarding the number of therapies needed to classify PsA as D2T. These findings suggest a need for continued discussion to reach a more unified approach in defining D2T-PsA, reflecting the complexity of the condition.
A composite PET-matrix patch enhances tendon regeneration and tendon-to-bone integration for bridging repair of the chronic massive rotator cuff tears in a rabbit model
Authors: Na Yuyan , Jue Hao , Xia Tian , Li Moxin , Xue Xiaoao , Hua Yinghui 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn recent years, bridging repair has emerged as an effective approach for the treatment of massive rotator cuff tears (MRCTs). The objective of this study was to develop a composite patch that combines superior mechanical strength and biocompatibility and evaluate its potential for enhancing the outcomes of bridging repair for MRCTs. The composite patch, referred to as the PET-matrix patch (PM), was fabricated by immersing a plain-woven PET patch in decellularized matrix gel and utilizing the freeze-drying technique. The results demonstrated that the PM has reliable mechanical properties, with a maximum failure load of up to 480 N. The decellularized matrix sponge (DMS), present on the surface of the PM, displayed a loose and porous structure, with an average pore size of 62.51 μm and a porosity of 95.43%. In vitro experiments showed significant elongation of tenocytes on the DMS, with cells spanning across multiple pores and extending multiple protrusions as observed on SEM images. In contrast, tenocytes on the PET patch appeared smaller in size and lacked significant elongation. Additionally, the DMS facilitated the proliferation, migration and differentiation of tenocytes. In a rabbit model of chronic MRCTs, the PM group showed superior outcomes compared to the PET group at 4, 8 and 12 weeks after bridging repair. The PM group displayed significantly higher tendon maturing score, larger collagen diameter in the regenerated tendon and improved tendon-to-bone healing scores compared to the PET group (P &lt; 0.05). Moreover, the maximum failure load of the tendon–bone complex in the PM group was significantly higher than that in the PET group (P &lt; 0.05). In summary, the PM possesses reliable mechanical properties and excellent cytocompatibility, which can significantly improve the outcomes of bridging repair for chronic MRCTs in rabbits. Therefore, it holds great potential for clinical applications.
In situ co-deposition synthesis for collagen-Astragalus polysaccharide composite with intrafibrillar mineralization as potential biomimetic-bone repair materials
Authors: Li Han , Guan Ziying , Wei Liren , Lu Jian , Tan Yanfei , Wei Qingrong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
A hybrid material possessing both componential and structural imitation of bone tissue is the preferable composites for bone defect repair. Inspired by the microarchitecture of native bone, this work synthesized in vitro a functional mineralized collagen fibril (MCF) material by utilizing the method of in situ co-precipitation, which was designed to proceed in the presence of Astragalus polysaccharide (APS), thus achieving APS load within the biomineralized collagen-Astragalus polysaccharide (MCAPS) fibrils. Transmission electron microscope (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED) and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) identified the details of the intrafibrillar mineralization of the MCAPS fibrils, almost mimicking the secondary level of bone tissue microstructure. A relatively uniform and continuous mineral layer formed on and within all collagen fibrils and the mineral phase was identified as typical weak-crystalline hydroxyapatite (HA) with a Ca/P ratio of about 1.53. The proliferation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) and mouse embryo osteoblast precursor cells (MC3T3-E1) obtained a significant promotion by MCAPS. As for the osteogenic properties of MCAPS, a distinct increase in the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and the number of calcium nodules (CN) in BMSC and MC3T3-E1 was detected. The up-regulation of three osteogenic-related genes of RUNX-2, BMP-2 and OCN were confirmed via reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) to further verify the osteogenic performance promotion of MCAPS. A period of 14 days of culture demonstrated that MCAPS-L exhibited a preferable efficacy in enhancing ALP activity and CN quantity, as well as in promoting the expression of osteogenic-related genes over MCAPS-M and MCAPS-H, indicating that a lower dose of APS within the material of MCAPS is more appropriate for its osteogenesis promotion properties.
Atopic Dermatitis: Clinical Aspects and Treatments
Authors: Geng Ryan S. Q. , Sibbald R. Gary 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
Atopic dermatitis is the most common eczematous inflammatory skin condition, presenting with lesions that typically appear as poorly demarcated erythematous and scaly papules and plaques. The lesions most commonly occur on flexural surfaces of the knees, elbows, and wrists and are associated with moderate to severe itching. This article focuses on the clinical presentation of atopic dermatitis and treatment options. Other related topics include epidemiology, pathogenesis, risk factors, triggers, and differential diagnoses.

GENERAL PURPOSE
To review issues related to atopic dermatitis, including its classification, clinical presentation, potential triggers, and treatment options.

TARGET AUDIENCE
This continuing education activity is intended for physicians, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, and registered nurses with an interest in skin and wound care.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES/OUTCOMES
After participating in this educational activity, the participant will:
1. Synthesize a differential diagnosis for atopic dermatitis (AD).
2. Explain the classification of AD cases.
3. Select triggers or exacerbating factors for AD.
4. Explain pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatment options for patients with AD.
Grade IV Radiation Skin Injury on the Neck of a Patient with Tonsillar Carcinoma: A Case Report
Authors: Zhang Li , Liu Sicong 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
Radiation therapy is often accompanied by skin toxicity in the irradiated area and radiation-induced DNA damage to skin tissue cells in the surrounding pigmented area. This case report describes a patient with radiation-induced skin injury who received wound treatment and psychological intervention with satisfactory results. A 60-year-old woman was admitted to the authors’ hospital on January 18, 2021, with radiation-induced skin injury caused by carbon ion radiotherapy for tonsillar carcinoma. The patient underwent wound repair combined with psychological intervention (30 minutes per dressing change). Over a period of 1 month, the wound area was reduced from 11 × 12 cm2 to 1 × 1 cm2, and wound symptoms (exudate, blood odor, wound infection, wound edge dehydration and curling, periwound skin peeling, dryness, and hyperkeratosis) improved. The patient’s anxiety factor scores decreased from 18 to 1, and her depression factor scores decreased from 16 to 3. When the patient was discharged from the hospital after 1 month of treatment, she had a satisfactory self-image and normal social activities.
Trajectories of Hearing From Childhood to Adulthood
Authors: Leung Joan H. , Thorne Peter R. , Purdy Suzanne C. , Cheyne Kirsten , Steptoe Barbara , Ambler Antony , Hogan Sean , Ramrakha Sandhya , Caspi Avshalom , Moffitt Terrie E. , Poulton Richie 
Published: June 2024

Objectives:
The Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study provides a unique opportunity to document the progression of ear health and hearing ability within the same cohort of individuals from birth. This investigation draws on hearing data from 5 to 13 years and again at 45 years of age, to explore the associations between childhood hearing variables and hearing and listening ability at age 45.

Design:
Multiple linear regression analyses were used to assess associations between childhood hearing (otological status and mid-frequency pure-tone average) and (a) age 45 peripheral hearing ability (mid-frequency pure-tone average and high-frequency pure-tone average), and (b) age 45 listening ability (listening in spatialized noise and subjective questionnaire on listening experiences). Sex, childhood socioeconomic status, and adult IQ were included in the model as covariates.

Results:
Peripheral hearing and listening abilities at age 45 were consistently associated with childhood hearing acuity at mid-frequencies. Otological status was a moderate predicting factor for high-frequency hearing and utilization of spatial listening cues in adulthood.

Conclusions:
We aim to use these findings to develop a foundational model of hearing trajectories. This will form the basis for identifying precursors, to be investigated in a subsequent series of analyses, that may protect against or exacerbate hearing-associated cognitive decline in the Dunedin Study cohort as they progress from mid-life to older age.
Measurement of humanity among interns of Internal Medicine Department, Damascus University: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Drie Tasneem , Hodifa Yara , Haidar Ghina , Soud Alkousa Hamzeh , Khalayli Naram , Hodaifa Amr , Hoha Ghofran , Alghawe Fatima , Kudsi Maysoun 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Although humanity is important within the medical health field, the authors lack studies that address this topic.

Objective:
The authors aimed to assess humanity among a sample of Syrian internal medicine interns.

Methods:
The authors have used a validated scale based on the Medical Humanity Scale (MHS) categorized into seven human values included in 30 questions (patient-oriented care, respect, empathy, ethics, altruism, and compassion). The scale can test the differentiation between these interns with different levels of medical humanity. A 7-point Likert scale was adopted. Six hundred sixty-five participants from the Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Damascus University entered our study.

Results:
The mean score of the MHS was 147.14 (13.1) Female residents humanity scores (mean 149.14, SD 15.1) was significantly higher than male students’ scores (mean 145.48, SD 13.35; P=.007), KMO=0.843>0.7, which is near 1, and the Bartlett test of sphericity =4187.043 (df=465; P=.01). The Cronbach α was >0.683, was indicating the validity and reliability of the scale.

Conclusions:
The results of this study suggest that the humanity level is accepted by using a scale based on MHS among interns of the Internal Medicine Department, Damascus University.
Pseudofilariasis, a Presenting Sign of Alkaptonuria
Authors: Marrero Frances , Perry Henry D. , Iacob Codrin E. , Sachs David 
Published: June 2024

Purpose:
To report the association of Pseudofilariasis as a presenting sign of Alkaptonuria.

Method:
Case Report.

Results:
A 49-year-old Indian man was referred because of wormlike objects in his left conjunctiva. Ocular and family history was non-contributory. He had not been to India in 15 years. Past medical history revealed hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, arthritis, and a myocardial infarct. He had undergone two stents, bilateral Achilles tendon repairs and bilateral knee replacements. ROS showed longstanding back stiffness and pain. On ocular examination the vision was 20/25 in each eye and positive findings were in the left eye bulbar conjunctival which showed stationary black vermiform (filarial in appearance) foreign bodies along with 2 small corneal limbal pigmented deposits. Conjunctival biopsy showed dilated lymph channels with interstitial proteinaceous material of a light brown color consistent with Ochronotic pigment; hence diagnostic of Alkaptonuria.

Conclusions:
Pseudofilariasis may be a presenting sign of Alkaptonuria and occur years before a clinical diagnosis is made. Filariasis is always involves white worms and never black. Knowing the ophthalmic signs of this rare disease may lead to an accurate diagnosis earlier thusly avoiding unnecessary tests and examinations.
Epidemiology and Management of Pediatric Group A Streptococcal Pneumonia With Parapneumonic Effusion: An Observational Study
Authors: Lees Emily A. , Williams Thomas C. , Marlow Robin , Fitzgerald Felicity , Jones Christine , Lyall Hermione , Bamford Alasdair , Pollock Louisa , Smith Andrew , Lamagni Theresa , Kent Alison , Whittaker Elizabeth ,   for the Group A Streptococcal Disease Consortium
Published: June 2024

Background:
During autumn/winter 2022, UK pediatricians reported an unseasonal increase in invasive group A streptococcal infections; a striking proportion presenting with pneumonia with parapneumonic effusion.

Methods:
Clinicians across the United Kingdom were requested to submit pseudonymized clinical data using a standardized report form for children (<16 years) admitted between September 30, 2022 and February 17, 2023, with microbiologically confirmed group A streptococcal pneumonia with parapneumonic effusion.

Results:
From 185 cases submitted, the median patient age was 4.4 years, and 163 (88.1%) were previously healthy. Respiratory viral coinfection was detected on admission for 101/153 (66.0%) children using extended respiratory pathogen polymerase chain reaction panel. Molecular testing was the primary method of detecting group A streptococcus on pleural fluid (86/171; 50.3% samples). Primary surgical management was undertaken in 171 (92.4%) children; 153/171 (89.4%) had pleural drain inserted (96 with fibrinolytic agent), 14/171 (8.2%) had video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. Fever duration after admission was prolonged (median, 12 days; interquartile range, 9–16). Intravenous antibiotic courses varied in length (median, 14 days; interquartile range, 12–21), with many children receiving multiple broad-spectrum antibiotics, although evidence for additional bacterial infection was limited.

Conclusions:
Most cases occurred with viral coinfection, a previously well-recognized risk with influenza and varicella zoster, highlighting the need to ensure routine vaccination coverage and progress on vaccines for other common viruses (eg, respiratory syncytial virus, human metapneumovirus) and for group A streptococcus. Molecular testing is valuable to detect viral coinfection and confirm invasive group A streptococcal diagnosis, expediting the incorporation of cases into national reporting systems. Range and duration of intravenous antibiotics administered demonstrated the need for research on the optimal duration of antimicrobials and improved stewardship.
Pediatric Endophthalmitis Over the Last Five Decades: A Case Report and Systematic Review
Authors: Kasem Ali Sliman Rim , Khoury Lana , Shehadeh Shereen 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
Pediatric infectious endophthalmitis is a rare, severe ocular infection that can have devastating consequences. It may be exogenous or endogenous, with exogenous endophthalmitis being more common. Current data on the etiology, microbiology, antibiotic treatments and outcomes in pediatric cases is limited.

Purpose:
To summarize the etiology, microbiology, visual outcomes and management of pediatric endophthalmitis.

Methods:
A literature review was conducted on cases of pediatric endophthalmitis published from 1980 to 2022, identified through searches of PubMed, Medline, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases.

Results:
A total of 796 patients were included. Ocular trauma was the most common cause with 623 patients (78.3%), followed by posteye surgery with 100 patients (12.6%) and endogenous endophthalmitis with 67 patients (70 eyes) (8.4%). Among culture-positive cases, gram-positive microorganisms predominated. Treatment involved pars plana vitrectomy in 608 patients (76%) and intraocular antibiotics in 590 patients (74%). Favorable visual acuity (≥20/200) was achieved in 30.5% of patients, 20% had no light perception and 12.5% developed poor anatomical outcomes with phthisis bulbi.

Conclusion:
Our review provides insights into the etiology, epidemiology, microbiology, treatment and visual outcomes of pediatric endophthalmitis based on available literature worldwide.
Postdiscontinuation Antibiotic Exposure in Hospitalized Infants at Risk for Late-onset Sepsis in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Wade Kelly C. , Greenberg Rachel G. , Benjamin Daniel K. , Chen Lydia Li-Hui , Vo Brandon , Ang Berwyn Liselle , Boutzoukas Angelique , Zimmerman Kanecia , Clark Reese H. , Cohen-Wolkowiez Michael , Le Jennifer ,   on behalf of the Administrative Core Committee of the Best Pharmaceuticals for Children Act – Pediatric Trials Network
Published: June 2024

Background:
In the neonatal intensive care unit, infants are at risk for late-onset sepsis. When blood cultures are negative, antibiotic stewardship efforts encourage stopping antibiotics, yet the duration of therapeutic exposure after the last dose is unknown.

Methods:
This retrospective cohort study of simulated antibiotic exposures used published population pharmacokinetic models within drug-specific neonatal intensive care unit cohorts of preterm and term infants, postnatal age 7–60 days and exposed to cefepime, piperacillin-tazobactam or tobramycin. Monte Carlo simulations (NONMEM 7.3) were used to predict steady-state exposures after a 72-hour antibiotic course per Neofax dosing. Exposure was assessed relative to drug-specific minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) targets between 1 and 16 mcg/mL for Pseudomonas and Enterobacteriaceae species. Postdiscontinuation antibiotic exposure (PDAE) was defined as the time from the last dose to when antibiotic concentration decreased below a specific MIC.

Results:
Piperacillin-tazobactam, cefepime and tobramycin cohorts included infants with median gestation age 29, 32 and 32 weeks and postnatal age 17, 19 and 15 days, respectively. The mean PDAE was 19–68 hours, depending on the specific antibiotic/MIC combination. PDAE was longer for infants <28 days old and preterm (vs. term) infants. Cefepime exhibited the longest mean PDAE of 68 hours for Enterobacteriaceae MIC 1. Piperacillin mean PDAE was 25 hours for Enterobacteriaceae MIC 8. Tobramycin had a short mean PDAE of 19 hours.

Conclusions:
Piperacillin and cefepime exposures remained therapeutic long after the expected 8- to 12-hour dosing interval. PDAE is an important consideration for antibiotic stewardship among hospitalized infants, particularly premature infants and those within 1 month postbirth.