bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Galectin-3 inhibition alleviated LPS-induced periodontal inflammation in gingival fibroblasts and experimental periodontitis mice
Authors: Wenjing Song , Mengmeng Liu , Lingling Shang , Tian Ding , Wenyan Kang , Shaohua Ge 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Objectives: Clinical studies have confirmed that galectin-3 (Gal-3) levels are significantly elevated in periodontitis patients. The present study aimed to explore the effects of Gal-3 inhibition on periodontal inflammation in vitro and in vivo. Methods: Human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) with or without Gal-3 knockdown were stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and a ligation-induced mouse periodontitis model treated with a Gal-3 inhibitor was established. Hematoxylin–eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining were used to evaluate Gal-3 levels in gingival tissues. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to detect Gal-3, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and C-C motif ligand 2 (CCL2) expression. Immunofluorescence and western blotting were used to detect NF-κB and ERK signaling pathway activation. Micro-computed tomography was used to analyse the degree of bone loss. Results: Gal-3 was significantly up-regulated in inflamed gingival tissues and LPS-induced HGFs. Gal-3 knockdown markedly decreased LPS-induced IL-6, IL-8, and CCL2 expression and blocked NF-κB and ERK signaling pathway activation in HGFs. In the mouse periodontitis model, Gal-3 inhibition significantly alleviated IL-1β and IL-6 infiltration in gingival tissue and mitigated periodontal bone loss. Conclusions: Gal-3 inhibition notably alleviated periodontal inflammation partly through blocking NF-κB and ERK signaling pathway activation.
IGFBP7 promotes endothelial cell repair in the recovery phase of acute lung injury
Authors: He Rui , Feng Bo , Zhang Yuezhou , Li Yuqing , Wang Daoxing , Yu Linchao 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
IGFBP7 has been found to play an important role in inflammatory diseases, such as acute lung injury (ALI). However, the role of IGFBP7 in different stages of inflammation remains unclear. Transcriptome sequencing was used to identify the regulatory genes of IGFBP7, and endothelial IGFBP7 expression was knocked down using Aplnr-Dre mice to evaluate the endothelial proliferation capacity. The expression of proliferation-related genes was detected by Western blotting and RT-PCR assays. In the present study, we found that knockdown of IGFBP7 in endothelial cells significantly decreases the expression of endothelial cell proliferation-related genes and cell number in the recovery phase but not in the acute phase of ALI. Mechanistically, using bulk-RNA sequencing and CO-IP, we found that IGFBP7 promotes phosphorylation of FOS and subsequently up-regulates YAP1 molecules, thereby promoting endothelial cell proliferation. This study indicated that IGFBP7 has diverse roles in different stages of ALI, which extends the understanding of IGFBP7 in different stages of ALI and suggests that IGFBP7 as a potential therapeutic target in ALI needs to take into account the period specificity of ALI.
A Metabolomic Approach to Investigate the Effect of Phytonutrients on Proteostasis and Metabolic Pathways in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Mikropoulou Eleni V. , Evangelakou Zoi , Trougakos Ioannis P. , Halabalaki Maria 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe use of Drosophila melanogaster as a biological platform to study the effect of diet and food bioactives on the metabolome remains a highly unexplored subject. Aiming to establish alternative solutions for the investigation of nutritional interventions with bioactive natural products by employing LC-MS-based metabolomics approaches, we assessed the effect of a phytonutrient-rich extract from the endemic Mediterranean plant Cichorium spinosum (stamnagkàthi) on a Drosophila population. The extractʼs modulating effect on the proteostasis network and metabolism of young D. melanogaster flies was evaluated. Furthermore, an untargeted metabolomics approach, employing a C18 UPLC-ESI-Orbitrap-HRMS/MS platform, permitted the detection of several biomarkers in the metabolic profile of Drosophila’s tissues; while targeted amino acid quantification in Drosophila tissue was simultaneously performed by employing aTRAQ labeling and an
ion-pairing UPLC-ESI-SWATH-HRMS/MS platform. The detected metabolites belong to different chemical classes, and statistical analysis with chemometrics tools was utilized to reveal patterns and trends, as well as to uncover potential class-distinguishing features and possible biomarkers. Our findings suggest that Drosophila can serve as a valuable in vivo model for investigating the role of bioactive phytoconstituents, like those found in C. spinosum’s decoction, on diverse metabolic processes. Additionally, the fruit fly represents a highly effective platform to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying sex differences in diverse aspects of nutrition and physiology in higher metazoans.
Oxidation Study of Oleocanthal and Oleacein Induced by Oxone
Authors: Antoniadi Lemonia , Angelis Apostolis , Kostakis Ioannis K. , Skaltsounis Leandros A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA selective Oxone-induced oxidation of oleocanthal and oleacein, the two main secoiridoids of olive oil, to their bis-oxidized products is described. This protocol is based on a Baeyer-Villiger mechanism and the concentration of Oxone in the final solution. The bis-oxidation of the aldehydic compounds could be extended for the synthesis of various semisynthetic analogs. The obtained acids exhibit strong antioxidant activity, being efficient free radical scavengers.
Respiratory Severity Score and Oxygen Saturation Index during the First 2 Hours of Life as Predictors for Noninvasive Respiratory Support Failure in Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Zapata Henry A. , Koueik Jack , Becker Heather L. , Lasarev Michael R. , Guthrie Scott O. , Kaluarachchi Dinushan C. 
Published: June 2024

Objective Noninvasive respiratory support (NRS) failure is common in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). We evaluated the utility of respiratory severity score (RSS) and oxygen saturation index (OSI) during the first 2 hours of life (HOL) as predictors for NRS failure in moderate preterm infants.
Study Design We conducted a retrospective cohort study of infants born between 280/7 and 336/7 weeks with RDS. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to assess whether the RSS and OSI summary measures were associated with NRS failure.
Results A total of 282 infants were included in the study. Median gestational age and birth weights were 32 weeks and 1.7 kg, respectively. Fifty-eight infants (21%) developed NRS failure at the median age of 10.5 hours. RSS and OSI summary measures in the first 2 HOL were associated with NRS failure within 72 HOL.
Conclusion RSS and OSI during the first 2 HOL can predict NRS failure. Optimal RSS and OSI cutoffs for the prediction of NRS failure need to be determined in large cohort studies.
Key Points
Long-Term Outcomes of the Obstruction Treatment in Benign and Malignant Colonic Obstruction: A Multicentre Study
Authors: Smalbroek Bo P. , Dijksman Lea M. , Bloemen Johanne , Smits Anke B. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Introduction Patients with colonic obstruction are at risk for emergency resection, which is a risk factor for increased mortality and morbidity. In left-sided obstructive colon cancer, the principle of bridge-to-surgery is already recommended to reduce complications. From this treatment strategy, the obstruction treatment is derived. In this treatment strategy, bowel wall distention is reduced by minimizing stool production through laxatives and dietary measures. Short-term outcomes have already shown promising results. This study aims to evaluate long-term outcomes in patients treated with this obstruction treatment.
Methods This is a multicenter prospective study that included patients who presented with symptomatic colonic obstruction and radiologic confirmation of obstruction between May 2019 and August 2020 in the contributing hospitals. Patients with malignant and benign colonic obstruction were included. Follow-up in this study consisted of at least 36 months. Endpoints of the study included 1- and 3-year stoma and mortality rates.
Results Ninety-eight patients were included in this study. For the overall cohort complication, reoperation, and readmission rates after one year were 37%, 14%, and 10% respectively. Overall, 3-year mortality was 21%. The presence of a stoma after 1 year was 18%, and after 3 years 17% in this cohort.
Conclusion Long-term results of this study indicate that obstruction treatment has acceptable long-term outcomes in terms of mortality and stoma rates, compared to literature on emergency surgery and bridge-to-surgery alternatives. Permanent stoma rates are lower, compared to the literature on other treatment strategies in bowel obstruction.
A Composite Seton for the Management of Fistula in Ano
Authors: Philip Sujith , Iype Geethu Rachel , Muralee Meera 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTreatment of fistula in ano by seton has become less in vogue due to the complications and disadvantages associated with its use. In its place, more technically demanding and expensive procedures, with less morbidity but more recurrence, such as endorectal advancement flaps and laser, are being employed more commonly. To overcome some of the limitations of conventional seton, we have designed a composite seton. In the present study, we evaluated our experience with a composite seton made from two silastic vessel loops sutured together with 5-0 polypropylene. The composite seton was found to not present many of the disadvantages of the conventional seton. The use of the composite seton resulted in low incontinence and recurrence rates, less pain, and high quality of life. This technically simple and cheaper material may have a wider applicability.
Telemedicine in Follow-up after Spine Surgery: Need of the Hour
Authors: Totala Pankaj , Janu Vikas , Sharma Raghavendra K. , Agrawal Mohit , Garg Mayank , Gosal Jaskaran S. , Bhaskar Suryanarayanan , Jha Deepak K. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose There is an acute shortage of neurosurgeons and spine surgeons especially in rural areas of low- and middle-income countries including India. Patients of spine surgery need to travel long distances for follow-up at tertiary care hospitals. This study was done to evaluate role and success rate of telemedicine in follow-up after spine surgery based on patients' diagnosis and demographic features and to identify barriers to successful telemedicine consultations.
Materials and Methods All patients undergoing spine surgeries including craniovertebral junction (CVJ) surgeries from January 2021 to June 2022 were included in the study. Success rate of telemedicine was calculated using a simple formula: Success rate of telemedicine = successful telemedicine consultations / total number of telemedicine consultation × 100. Success rate was evaluated with respect to demographic features and underlying disease-related factors.
Results Eighty-four patients formed the study group in which a total of 181 video teleconsultations were done. Overall success rate of telemedicine was 82.87%. Higher socioeconomic and educational statuses were related to higher success rates of tele-consultations (p < 0.05). Difficulty in assessing neurological condition using video call in follow-up cases of CVJ and issues related to Internet communication network leading to inability to video call and share image/videos were major causes of failures.
Conclusion Telemedicine may prove an effective option for following up patients undergoing spine surgeries except CVJ, which is likely to improve further with improvements in Internet connectivity.
Immunohistochemical and histopathological analyses of cutaneous innervation to improve the diagnostic efficacy in hansen disease skin lesion
Authors: Costa Eduardo Alves Freire da , Amadeu Thaís Porto , Illarramendi Ximena , Pascarelli Bernardo , Nery José Augusto da Costa , Sales Anna Maria , Antunes Sérgio Luiz Gomes 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background The diagnosis of Hansen disease (HD) can be difficult when acid-fast bacilli are not detected in the patient's skin sample.
Objective To demonstrate that detailed morphological analysis of nonspecific inflammatory and/or noninflammatory alterations in dermal nerves as well as skin adnexa in leprosy-suspected biopsy samples could improve the efficacy of histopathological diagnosis.
Methods Patients with one to five skin lesions were enrolled in the study and classified into three groups by skin histopathology findings: Hansen disease (HD, n = 13), other diseases (OD, n = 11), and inconclusive cases (INC, n = 11). We quantified dermal nerve damage via the nerve lesion index (NLI) and PGP9.5-immunoreactive axon quantitative index in dermal nerves (AQI). We also measured inflammatory involvement of adnexa in cutaneous samples as indirect evidence of HD.
Results We observed a higher median endoneurial inflammatory infiltrate NLI (HD = 0.5; INC = 0; OD = 0; p < 0.001) and more frequent inflammatory involvement of skin adnexa in samples of the HD group compared with those of the INC and OD groups (HD = 7; INC = 1; OD = 0). However, samples from the INC and OD groups also showed inflammatory and noninflammatory damage of dermal nerves, with 2 or more kinds of alterations in nerves in the same sample (respectively: INC = in 1 and 2 samples; OD = in 3 and 5 respectively). The quantification of PGP9.5-immunoreactive axons in dermal nerves revealed no difference between the groups.
Conclusion A detailed morphological analysis of cutaneous nerves in lesions with a suspicion of HD enabled us to select patients with nonspecific inflammatory or non-inflammatory lesions in the dermal nerves in the INC and OD groups, so they may be clinically monitored aiming at a possible future diagnosis of the disease. These INC and OD patients cannot have the HD diagnosis definitely excluded, and HD may coexist with another disease as a comorbidity.
Process of Renewal of PC&PNDT License of a Large Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital of North India: How One Needs to Plan for It?
Authors: Deshikulu Srivatsa , Sodhi Jitender , Sharma Devender Kumar , Madaan Nirupam , Satpathy Sidhartha 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background The Pre-Conception and Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques (Prohibition of Sex Selection) Act (PC&PNDT Act), 1994 was enacted to prevent sex determination and female feticide. As a mandatory statutory requirement, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India has to renew its PC&PNDT license after every 5 years.
Aim The current study was undertaken with an objective to delineate in detail, the process of PC&PNDT license renewal, and the challenges dealt with while submitting the renewal application.
Methods and Material An observational descriptive study was conducted from February to July 2022. The renewal process was categorized into preapplication, application, and postapplication phases. The requisite documents and data were collected from the Hospital Establishment Section and Medical Records Department.
Results The preapplication phase involved obtaining details from 24 departments, with 20 responding initially. Challenges included incomplete documents and deficient details. The application phase required consolidation, affidavits, form filling, and fee payment. Postapplication, an inspection was conducted, and the renewal certification was obtained.
Conclusion The study highlights the complexities of renewal of PC&PNDT license of a large multispecialty tertiary care teaching hospital. Planning leads obtained during various phases could serve as a guiding template for other similar teaching hospitals. The study suggests the need for digitalization and streamlining of documentation process to ease out the renewal process and hence contribute to better patient care at large.
Evaluation of Crohn's Disease Recurrence after Suspension of Immunobiological use in Patients in Sustained Remission
Authors: Lisboa Ana Carolina , Santos Victor Mayer Duarte , Almeida Júlia Naves de 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Objective To evaluate the relapse rate after discontinuation of biological therapy in patients with Crohn's disease treated at the University Hospital.
Methods This is a series of 9 cases of CD patients who used long-term immunobiologicals. Non-randomized sample, followed for 1 year, prospectively.
Results Nine patients were studied, 8 females, with an average age of 43.8 years, and non-smokers. The average time of use of the immunobiological for suspension was 6.77 years, with 66.66% of them having been in use for more than 5 years. The mean initial CDAI was 25. After 6 months of follow-up, CRP was less than 10 mg/L in 88.8% of them. Only 3 patients measured the Calprotectin, low. (10, 15 and 30 mcg/g). The ESR averaged 15.77 mm/h. In 66.6% of those studied, the 6-month colonoscopy was normal - mayo 0. In the 1-year follow-up, 3 patients underwent CT, normal. At 1-year colonoscopy of 3 patients, there was endoscopic recurrence in 2. The mean CDAI after the first year was 38.11. The mean ESR was 17.11 mm/h. The worst outcomes occurred in 2 (20%) patients, both Montreal A3L3B2, with clinical and endoscopic recurrence. The same previous immunobiological was reintroduced, with excellent clinical response.
Conclusion Individualized analysis of the course of the disease proves to be the best way for adequate clinical monitoring during its use, optimization of the therapeutic regimen, and the possibility of interruption.
Patients' Description of Rectal Effluents Help Predict the Quality of Colonoscopy Preparation
Authors: Lescano Manuel Antonio Lescano , Machado Rodrigo Strehl , Rohr Maria Rachel , Miszputen Sender Jankiel 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Introduction Evaluation of patients' reports of characteristics of rectal effluents as a predictor of the quality of the colonoscopy preparation assessed by the endoscopist.
Methods A total of 270 patients, aged 18 or older, were consecutively included to perform an outpatient colonoscopy, for a period of 8 months. Demographic and clinical data were collected and evaluated, as well as the rectal effluents' characteristics and data concerning the colonoscopy. The quality of bowel preparation was evaluated by employing the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale. The association between rectal effluents and the quality of preparation was verified by binary logistic regression.
Results Of the 270 patients, 67.3% were female, with a mean age of 59.69 ± 12.48 years. Reports of dark and thick, dark orange, or brown and thick effluents produced a higher likelihood of inadequate preparation (OR 4.26, CI 95% 1.51; 11.14, p = 0.004).
Conclusions Reports of dark and thick, dark orange, or brown and thick rectal effluents are predictors of inadequate preparation in the endoscopist assessment.
Supraspinous Fossa: Anatomy and Pathology
Authors: Saran Sonal , Shirodkar Kapil , Gavvala Sai Niharika , Evans Scott , Iyengar Karthikeyan P. , Jevalle Devina Ghoorah , Botchu Rajesh 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSupraspinous fossa is an important location in the periscapular region, which houses important structures such as the supraspinatus muscle and the suprascapular nerve. The supraspinous fossa can be affected by pathologies involving its contents (supraspinatus muscle and suprascapular nerve), osseous boundary (scapular body, distal clavicle, and spinous process), or superficial soft tissue covering it. In this pictorial review, we describe the detailed anatomy of the supraspinous fossa. We have also covered imaging of wide range of pathologies that can affect supraspinous fossa such as paralabral cyst, muscle edema/atrophy, malignancies (primary and secondary), and miscellaneous lesions (myositis ossificans, fibromatosis, nerve sheath tumor, etc.). An awareness of the imaging findings of these entities is essential for a radiologist to avoid misinterpretation and can aid a timely diagnosis.
0.279 nW fourth-order filter circuit for biological signal conditioning
Authors: Thakur Diksha , Sharma Kulbhushan 
Published: June 2024

In this article, a fourth-order low-pass filter (LPF) is designed and analyzed for wearable biological healthcare applications. The proposed LPF is based on level shifter, class-AB folded flipped source follower, and pseudo-resistive voltage-variative approaches, which increases its power efficiency. The proposed LPF consumes 0.279 nW of power with a figure of merit of 2.13 × 10−15 J in CMOS 180 nm process. Furthermore, the post-layout simulations executed for the proposed LPF show a gain of −0.126 dB, a bandwidth of 100 Hz, total harmonic distortion (THD) of −48.53 dB, and a dynamic range (DR) of 50.19 dB. In addition to this, the Monte Carlo simulations with 200 samples demonstrate the corresponding mean and standard deviation values for gain (−0.282 and 0.517 dB), DR (50.18 and 0.025 dB), and THD (−46.175 and 3.258 dB). The proposed fourth-order LPF is a perfect match for wearable biological healthcare systems that are portable and safe.
High throughput oscillating-flow structure for polymerase chain reaction
Authors: Zhou Ranran , Sun Yu , Luan Yunxia , Jia Wenshen , Yu Yang , Yang Jing , Chen Jin , Wang Fengchao 
Published: June 2024

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a revolutionary biomolecule technology that drives the development of bioscience. The current work reports a high throughput oscillating-flow PCR structure. In this chip, eight microchannels can simultaneously serve as PCR reaction chambers for nucleic acid sample amplification. To maximize the potential of this design, the effect of the chip structure parameter, fluid velocity, and channel spacing is simulated by finite element analysis. The thermal simulation results show that (1) when the distance between two temperature drivers is 4 mm, the width ratio is 1:3, the length of a single channel is 24 mm, the wall thickness is 3 mm (x) × 20 mm (y) × 1 mm (z), the diameter is 0.3 mm, and the fluid velocity is within 1 mm/s, two uniform temperature zones of 95 and 65 °C for the PCR process can be constructed and (2) the influence of channel spacing on temperature distribution is not significant. When the spacing is 2 mm, the relative standard deviations of the temperature for denaturation and the annealing/extension zone were 0.0706% and 0.0061%, respectively. Here, the chip sizes are 30 mm (x) × 54 mm (y) × 3 mm (z).