bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer Based on Bisulfite‐free Site‐specific Methylation Identification PCR Strategy: High‐Sensitivity, Accuracy, and Primary Medical Accessibility
Authors: Zhen Linqing , Tang Xinlu , Xu Zhengguo , Huang Yizhou , Qian Xiaohua , Lin Haiping , Li Chao , Cui Rong , Fang Hongsheng , Yang Hao , Qiu Jiani , Fang Zhaoqi , Peng Xiaohuan , Jin Yifeng , Nie Jianing , Guo Shiwei , Wang Yuguang , Zhong Ming , Gu Hongchen , Xu Hong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDue to its decade‐long progression, colorectal cancer (CRC) is most suitable for population screening to achieve a significant reduction in its incidence and mortality. DNA methylation has emerged as a potential marker for the early detection of CRC. However, the current mainstream methylation detection method represented by bisulfite conversion has issues such as tedious operation, DNA damage, and unsatisfactory sensitivity. Herein, a new high‐performance CRC screening tool based on the promising specific terminal‐mediated polymerase chain reaction (STEM‐PCR) strategy is developed. CRC‐related methylation‐specific candidate CpG sites are first prescreened through The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases using self‐developed bioinformatics. Next, 9 homebrew colorectal cancer DNA methylated STEM‒PCR assays (ColoC‐mSTEM) with high sensitivity (0.1%) and high specificity are established to identify candidate sites. The clinical diagnostic performance of these selected methylation sites is confirmed and validated by a case‐control study. The optimized diagnostic model has an overall sensitivity of 94.8% and a specificity of 95.0% for detecting early‐stage CRC. Taken together, ColoC‐mSTEM, based on a single methylation‐specific site, is a promising diagnostic approach for the early detection of CRC which is perfectly suitable for the screening needs of CRC in primary healthcare institutions.
Metal–Organic Frameworks in Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy–Based Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds
Authors: Allegretto Juan A. , Dostalek Jakub 
Published: June 2024

AbstractVolatile Organic Compounds (VOC) are a major class of environmental pollutants hazardous to human health, but also highly relevant in other fields including early disease diagnostics and organoleptic perception of aliments. Therefore, accurate analysis of VOC is essential, and a need for new analytical methods is witnessed for rapid on‐site detection without complex sample preparation. Surface‐Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) offers a rapidly developing versatile analytical platform for the portable detection of chemical species. Nonetheless, the need for efficient docking of target analytes at the metallic surface significantly narrows the applicability of SERS. This limitation can be circumvented by interfacing the sensor surface with Metal–Organic Frameworks (MOF). These materials featuring chemical and structural versatility can efficiently pre‐concentrate low molecular weight species such as VOC through their ordered porous structure. This review presents recent trends in the development of MOF‐based SERS substrates with a focus on elucidating respective design rules for maximizing analytical performance. An overview of the status of the detection of harmful VOC is discussed in the context of industrial and environmental monitoring. In addition, a survey of the analysis of VOC biomarkers for medical diagnosis and emerging applications in aroma and flavor profiling is included.
Reversible Optical Switching of Polyoxovanadates and Their Communication via Photoexcited States
Authors: Vogelsberg Eric , Griebel Jan , Engelmann Iryna , Bauer Jens , Taube Florian , Corzilius Björn , Zahn Stefan , Kahnt Axel , Monakhov Kirill Yu. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe 2‐bit Lindqvist‐type polyoxometalate (POM) [V6O13((OCH2)3CCH2N3)2]2–with a diamagnetic {V6O19} core and azide termini shows six fully oxidized VVcenters in solution as well as the solid state, according to51V NMR spectroscopy. Under UV irradiation, it exhibits reversible switching between its ground S0state and the energetically higher lying states in acetonitrile and water solutions. TD‐DFT calculations demonstrate that this process is mainly initialized by excitation from the S0to S9state. Pulse radiolysis transient absorption spectroscopy experiments with a solvated electron point out photochemically induced charge disproportionation of VVinto VIVand electron communication between the POM molecules via their excited states. The existence of this unique POM‐to‐POM electron communication is also indicated by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies on gold‐metalized silicon wafers (Au//SiO2//Si) under ambient conditions. The amount of reduced vanadium centers in the “confined” environment increases substantially after beam irradiation with soft X‐rays compared to non‐irradiated samples. The excited state of one POM anion seems to give rise to subsequent electron transfer from another POM anion. However, this reaction is prohibited as soon as the relaxed T1state of the POM is reached.
Dissecting Acute Drug‐Induced Hepatotoxicity and Therapeutic Responses of Steatotic Liver Disease Using Primary Mouse Liver and Blood Cells in a Liver‐On‐A‐Chip Model
Authors: Liu Hanyang , Yin Guo , Kohlhepp Marlene Sophia , Schumacher Fabian , Hundertmark Jana , Hassan Mohamed I. Abdelwahab , Heymann Felix , Puengel Tobias , Kleuser Burkhard , Mosig Alexander Sandy , Tacke Frank , Guillot Adrien 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMetabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is hallmarked by hepatic steatosis, cell injury, inflammation, and fibrosis. This study elaborates on a multicellular biochip‐based liver sinusoid model to mimic MASLD pathomechanisms and investigate the therapeutic effects of drug candidates lanifibranor and resmetirom. Mouse liver primary hepatocytes, hepatic stellate cells, Kupffer cells, and endothelial cells are seeded in a dual‐chamber biocompatible liver‐on‐a‐chip (LoC). The LoC is then perfused with circulating immune cells (CICs). Acetaminophen (APAP) and free fatty acids (FFAs) treatment recapitulate acute drug‐induced liver injury and MASLD, respectively. As a benchmark for the LoC, multiplex immunofluorescence on livers from APAP‐injected and dietary MASLD‐induced mice reveals characteristic changes on parenchymal and immune cell populations. APAP exposure induces cell death in the LoC, and increased inflammatory cytokine levels in the circulating perfusate. Under FFA stimulation, lipid accumulation, cellular damage, inflammatory secretome, and fibrogenesis are increased in the LoC, reflecting MASLD. Both injury conditions potentiate CIC migration from the perfusate to the LoC cellular layers. Lanifibranor prevents the onset of inflammation, while resmetirom decreases lipid accumulation in hepatocytes and increases the generation of FFA metabolites in the LoC. This study demonstrates the LoC potential for functional and molecular evaluation of liver disease drug candidates.
A multiperiod model of an emissions trading system
Authors: Rosemann Ricarda , Sass Jörn 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEmissions trading systems (ETS) constitute a widely used tool to control greenhouse gas emissions and thus are vital to the global efforts to mitigate climate change. As most ETS' are divided into separate phases, this raises the policy question whether emissions allowances can be banked, that is, transferred to subsequent phases for later use. We provide a continuous‐time stochastic ETS model in a multiperiod setting that can allow for banking across phases. In particular, we are able to represent the influence of emissions development on the value of banked allowances. We introduce two distinct approaches to the multiperiod model: A basic approach delivers a model that is analytically more tractable and computationally less costly, while our more complex two‐dimensional approach entails a more realistic representation of the system. Numerical results show that banking decreases the mean emissions and increases allowance prices; at the same time, it increases the probability of complying with the emissions cap. In combination with the current penalty of the EU ETS at 100 Euro per ton, banking essentially guarantees compliance. We therefore conclude that banking is a crucial policy choice to improve the effectiveness and the reliability of an ETS.
Gold nanourchin on multiple‐point dielectrode for glucose biosensing by current‐potential measurement
Authors: Chen Wei , Huang Lili , Zhou Bing 
Published: June 2024

AbstractGestational diabetes (GD) is a condition characterized by elevated blood sugar levels during pregnancy. GD poses various health risks, such as serious birth injuries, the need for cesarean delivery, and the necessity of newborn care. Monitoring glucose levels is essential for ensuring safe delivery and reducing the risks to both the mother and fetus. Various sensors are readily available for monitoring glucose levels, and researchers are continually working to develop highly sensitive glucose sensors. This research aimed to develop a gold nanourchin (AuNU)‐hybrid biosensor for quantifying glucose on a multi‐point electrode sensor. Glucose oxidase (GOx) was attached to the AuNU and seeded on the sensing surface using an amine linker. The current‐potential (1–2 V at 0.1 V sweep) was recorded for the GOx–glucose interaction, with a limit of detection of 560 μM and a regression coefficient (R2) of 0.9743 [y = 0.9106x − 0.9953] on the linear curve. The sensitivity was estimated to be 3.5 mAcm−2M−1. Furthermore, control experiments with galactose, sucrose, and fructose did not yield an increase in current‐potential, confirming specific glucose detection. This experiment helps in monitoring glucose levels to manage conditions associated with GD.
Lipidomics reveals the serum profiles of pediatric allergic rhinitis and its severity
Authors: Li Tao , Dou Yuzhu , Ji Jianjian , Chen Hui , Zhu Shaoyun , Wang Min , Xiong Yingcai , Wang Zhao , Shan Jinjun , Qian Kangqi , An Li , Lin Lili , Wang Shouchuan , Dai Qigang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAllergic rhinitis (AR) is a prevalent upper airway chronic inflammatory disease in children worldwide. The role of bioactive lipids in the regulation of AR has been recognized, but the underlying serum lipidomic basis of its pathology remains unclear. We utilized ultra‐performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)‐Q‐Exactive Orbitrap/mass spectrometry (MS) to investigate the serum lipidomic profiles of children with AR. The lipidomic analysis identified 42 lipids that were differentially expressed (p < 0.05, fold change > 2) between the AR (n = 75) and normal control groups (n = 44). Specifically, the serum levels of diacylglycerol (DG), triacylglycerol (TG), fatty acid (FA), lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), lysophosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidyl‐ethanolamine, and cardiolipins were significantly higher in the AR group. The diagnostic potential of the identified lipids was further evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. The analysis revealed that five lipids, including FA 30:7, LPC O‐18:1, LPC 18:0, LPC 16:0, and DG 34:0, had area under the curve values greater than 0.9 (p < 0.05). Furthermore, serum levels of IgE and IL‐33, markers of AR severity, were found to have a significant positive correlation (p < 0.05) with DGs, LPCs, TGs, and FAs in AR patients. This study revealed the lipid disorders associated with AR and its severity, providing new insights into the pathological process of AR.
The effect of the training programme for nursing students on child abuse and neglect knowledge and awareness levels: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Ozcevik Subasi Damla , Akca Sumengen Aylin , Cakir Gokce Naz , Ocakci Ayşe Ferda 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMost studies on nursing students' awareness and knowledge of child abuse and neglect (CAN) report insufficient knowledge. However, there are limited studies evaluating the effectiveness of educational interventions. This study aimed to examine the effect of the Child Abuse and Neglect Awareness Program (CANAP) on nursing students on their CAN knowledge and awareness levels. A randomized controlled study was conducted between 21 May and 29 June 29, with 75 students, 40 in the experimental group and 35 in the control group, studying nursing at a foundation university in Turkey. While CANAP was applied to the participants in the experimental group, no intervention was applied to those in the control group. The data were collected in three stages (before the intervention, immediately after the intervention and 1 month after the intervention) using the Personal Information Form, Diagnosis Scale of the Risks and Symptoms of Child Abuse and Neglect (DSRSCAN) and Child Abuse and Neglect Awareness Scale (CANA‐S). Data were analysed using Chi‐square and Fisher exact tests, independent samples t test and repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. The groups were homogeneous regarding the students' sociodemographic characteristics (p > 0.05). In the study, the mean DSRSCAN and CANA‐S scores of the groups were similar in the pre‐test before CANAP but increased significantly in the post‐test and re‐test (p < 0.05). All CANA‐S re‐test sub‐dimension mean scores of the experimental group were significantly higher than the control group (p < 0.05). The mean scores of the experimental group in the DSRSCAN physical symptoms of abuse on the child, characteristics of parents prone to abuse and neglect, characteristics of children at risk of abuse and neglect and familial characteristics in child abuse and neglect sub‐dimensions were significantly higher than the control group (p < 0.05). CANAP effectively increases nursing students' CAN knowledge and awareness levels. It was observed that the experimental group students maintained their increased knowledge and awareness 1 month after the intervention.
Extracting roads from satellite images via enhancing road feature investigation in learning
Authors: Feng Shiming , Hou Fei , Chen Jialu , Wang Wencheng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIt is a hot topic to extract road maps from satellite images. However, it is still very challenging with existing methods to achieve high‐quality results, because the regions covered by satellite images are very large and the roads are slender, complex and only take up a small part of a satellite image, making it difficult to distinguish roads from the background in satellite images. In this article, we address this challenge by presenting two modules to more effectively learn road features, and so improving road extraction. The first module exploits the differences between the patches containing roads and the patches containing no road to exclude the background regions as many as possible, by which the small part containing roads can be more specifically investigated for improvement. The second module enhances feature alignment in decoding feature maps by using strip convolution in combination with the attention mechanism. These two modules can be easily integrated into the networks of existing learning methods for improvement. Experimental results show that our modules can help existing methods to achieve high‐quality results, superior to the state‐of‐the‐art methods.
An Assay for Immunogenic Detection of Anti‐PEG Antibody
Authors: Zhu Xiang , Luo Weizhe , Zhang Donghui , Liu Runhui 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWith the increasing use of polyethylene glycol (PEG) based proteins and drug delivery systems, anti‐PEG antibodies have commonly been detected among the population, causing the accelerated blood clearance and hypersensitivity reactions, poses potential risks to the clinical efficacy and safety of PEGylated drugs. Therefore, vigilant monitoring of anti‐PEG antibodies is crucial for both research and clinical guidance regarding PEGylated drugs. The enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a common method for detecting anti‐PEG antibodies. However, diverse coating methods, blocking solutions and washing solutions have been employed across different studies, and unsuitable use of Tween 20 as the surfactant even caused biased results. In this study, we established the optimal substrate coating conditions, and investigated the influence of various surfactants and blocking solutions on the detection accuracy. The findings revealed that incorporating 1 % bovine serum albumin into the serum dilution in the absence of surfactants will result the credible outcomes of anti‐PEG antibody detection.
A Ni‐Based Metal‐Organic Framework with Polarizing Traits for Efficient Heterogeneous Catalysis in the Sustainable Synthesis of Oxazolidinones
Authors: Bhambri Himanshi , Mandal Sanjay K. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this study, a Ni‐based metal‐organic framework (MOF), Ni‐MOF, was synthesized from a mixture of Ni(OAc)2 ⋅ 4H2O, a dicarboxylate, 4,4’‐(1,3,4‐oxadiazole‐2,5‐diyl)dibenzoate (oxdz2−), and a bis(tridentate) ligand, (N,N’,N’’,N’’’‐tetrakis(2‐pyridylmethyl)‐1,4‐diaminoxylylene) (tpxn), under ambient conditions using greener solvents in 12 h. The framework was well‐characterized using several analytical techniques. The highly crystalline Ni‐MOF exhibited remarkable polarizing traits with significant uptake of CO2 and water vapor up to 10.53 cm3 g−1 and 290 cm3 g−1, respectively, at 298 K. The isosteric heat of adsorption between Ni‐MOF and CO2 at zero loading was calculated to be 32.43 kJ mol−1. Furthermore, utilizing its CO2‐philic and catalytic features, Ni‐MOF was employed as an excellent heterogeneous catalyst (2.5 mol%) along with very low concentration of TBAB (0.02 mmol) as a co‐catalyst for the synthesis of oxazolidinones via a standard three‐component reaction among an epoxide, a substituted aniline, and carbon dioxide under solvent‐free conditions. A wide range of oxazolidinones including three bioactive derivatives was synthesized using both diverse epoxides and aniline derivatives to demonstrate the substrate scope. The catalyst was proved to be recyclable, reusable, and stable for multiple cycles, without leaching of the metal from it. The mechanistic insights revealed that Ni‐MOF polarizes all three reactants to catalyze the oxazolidinone formation.
Open‐ and Closed‐Loop Recycling: Highly Active Zinc Bisguanidine Polymerization Catalyst for the Depolymerization of Polyesters
Authors: Becker Tabea , Hermann A. , Saritas Nazik , Hoffmann Alexander , Herres‐Pawlis Sonja 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this study, the aliphatic N,N‐bisguanidine zinc complex [Zn(DMEG2ch)2](OTf)2 ⋅ THF is introduced as a promising candidate for the chemical recycling of (bio) polyesters. This catalyst is highly active in the ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) of lactide (LA) and ϵ‐caprolactone (CL). The combination of polymerization and depolymerization activity creates new pathways towards a sustainable circular economy. The catalytic activity of [Zn(DMEG2ch)2](OTf)2 ⋅ THF for the chemical recycling of polylactide (PLA) via alcoholysis was investigated by detailed kinetic and thermodynamic studies. It is shown that various high value‐added alkyl lactates can be obtained efficiently under mild reaction conditions. Catalyst recycling was successfully tested using ethanol for the degradation of PLA. In addition, LA can be recovered directly from PLA, enabling either open‐ or closed‐loop recycling. Selective PLA degradation from mixtures with polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polymer blends are presented. For the first time, a cascade recycling reaction of a PLA/polycaprolactone (PCL) blend is tested with a zinc‐based bisguanidine catalyst, whereby PLA is degraded selectively at first and subsequent modification of the reaction conditions leads to efficient degradation of the remaining PCL. The highly active, universally applicable benign zinc catalyst allows the implementation of a circular plastics economy and thus the reduction of plastic pollution in the environment.
Engineered cell versus modified exosomes in cancer therapy
Authors: Dhar Rajib , Devi Arikketh 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCancer therapeutic development is the most challenging domain in cancer. Cell‐based cancer therapeutics come up with promising effectiveness. This approach was also cell‐modified for better targeting efficiency development. Cell engineering‐based cancer therapeutic is a cutting‐edge method in cancer therapy. Due to complications of this process, cost and post‐treatment side effects, this phenomenon came into the question mark. In this scenario, extracellular vesicle (EVs) research introduces a cell‐free cancer therapeutic approach. In the therapeutic aspect most used EVs, come from stem cells, plants, and engineered cells. Among several EVs populations, Exosomes are the most used worldwide cell‐free therapeutic tool for ageing cancer. The most interesting facts about exosomes are the biocompatible, non‐immunoreactive, cross‐biological barrier, and non‐toxic (depending on the parental cell's nature). In this article, we are exploring modified exosomes (biological or chemical) that create a remarkable outcome in cancer therapeutic development compared to engineered cell‐based therapeutics. Hope, in the future, modified exosomes become an effective, affordable, and specific cancer‐targeting precision medicine.
Elucidating important factors and corresponding method optimization for sensitive detection of small peptide drugs in human urine by solid‐phase extraction and UPLC‐HRMS: The influence of MS scan modes, protein precipitants, and ammonium formate
Authors: Liu Yunxi , Ma Congcong , Dong Tianyu , Yan Kuan , He Genye , Wang Zhanliang , Zhang Yufeng , Liu Lu , Chang Wei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSmall peptide hormones are widely used in sports as performance‐enhancing substances, making it crucial to develop sensitive analytical methods for their detection in doping control analysis. Various factors significantly affect analytical sensitivity, such as the selection of ultra‐performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) mobile phase, high‐resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) scanning modes, and extraction solvents for pretreatment. Herein, comparative study approach was utilized to investigate the sensitivity of each peptide analyte under both full scan and parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) modes of HRMS and assess the effects of some protein precipitants as a part of extraction solvents on solid‐phase extraction (SPE). The results showed that full scan should be selected as the primary scan mode of HRMS, and the combination with PRM mode could effectively compensate for the limitations of full scan, and the addition of protein precipitants would adversely affect the detection of certain small peptide analytes. Meanwhile, influences of ammonium formate in reverse UPLC mobile phase on the charge state distribution of small peptides were investigated and elucidated. Based on these findings, a sensitive and reliable UPLC‐HRMS analytical method combining full scan and PRM mode was validated for screening and confirmation of 63 small peptide analytes after SPE, with limits of detection (LODs) ranging between 0.010 and 0.473 ng/ml and limits of identification (LOIs) ranging between 0.015 and 1.512 ng/ml. Additionally, suggestions were provided for the detection of [Arg8]‐vasopressin, dermorphin, and its analogues.