bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Domino Gold‐Catalyzed Rearrangement and Fluorination of Propargyl Acetates.
Authors: De Haro Teresa , Nevado Cristina 
Published: March 2011

AbstractAn efficient method for the synthesis of α‐fluoroenones (II) is elaborated using a gold‐catalyzed rearrangement of propargyl acetates (I) in the presence of a fluorination agent.
ChemInform Abstract: Visible‐Light Photoredox Catalysis: Dehalogenation of Vicinal Dibromo‐, α‐Halo‐, and α,α‐Dibromocarbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Maji Tapan , Karmakar Ananta , Reiser Oliver 
Published: March 2011

AbstractIn the presence of RuCl2(bipy)3, ascorbic acid, 1,5‐dimethoxynaphthalene, and visible light the title compounds undergo mild and efficient dehalogenation to afford alkenes, alkynes, monobromides, and ketones.
ChemInform Abstract: (Bromodimethyl)sulfonium Bromide‐Mediated Thiolysis of Epoxides: An Easy Access to β‐Hydroxy Sulfides and Benzoxathiepinones in Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Shailaja M. , Manjula A. , Rao B. Vittal 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe title sulfonium bromide efficiently promotes the thiolysis of epoxides producing β‐hydroxy sulfides in excellent yields and short reaction times.
ChemInform Abstract: A Multiligand Based Pd Catalyst for C—N Cross‐Coupling Reactions.
Authors: Fors Brett P. , Buchwald Stephen L. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA palladium catalyst based on two different biarylphosphine ligands (BrettPhos and RuPhos) is shown to not only encompass the substrate scope and activity of each ligand alone but also manifests its own reactivity.
ChemInform Abstract: An Eco‐Sustainable Erbium(III) Triflate Catalyzed Formation and Cleavage of tert‐Butyl Ethers.
Authors: Procopio Antonio , Costanzo Paola , Curini Massimo , Nardi Monica , Oliverio Manuela , Paonessa Rosina 
Published: March 2011

AbstractEr(OTf)3 is found to be an efficient catalyst for the formation of tert‐butyl ethers from aliphatic alcohols and phenols under mild solvent‐free conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Cobalt‐Catalyzed Alder‐ene Reaction Toward Silicon‐ and Boron‐Functionalized Building Blocks.
Authors: Hilt Gerhard , Erver Florian , Harms Klaus 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe title reaction is used in many reactions for the preparation of the target compounds They are mainly formed as (E) or (Z) isomers, respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Reactivity of β,γ‐Dihalogenated Unsaturated Acids: Application to the Synthesis of 4‐Substituted 5H‐Furan‐2‐ones.
Authors: Lamande‐Langle S. , Ngi S. Inack , Anselmi E. , Allouchi H. , Duchene A. , Abarbri M. , Thibonnet J. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractDirect halogenation of butadienoic acid affords E/Z‐mixtures of β,γ‐dihalogenated unsaturated acids.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Solvent‐Free Synthesis of Urea Derivatives Using Selenium‐Catalyzed Carbonylation of Amines with Carbon Monoxides and Oxygen.
Authors: Mizuno Takumi , Nakai Takeo , Mihara Masatoshi 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA Se‐catalyzed carbonylation/oxidation sequence allows the conversion of diamines, primary and secondary amines into the corresponding urea derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Cyclopropanation of β,γ‐Unsaturated α‐Ketoesters with Stabilized Sulfur Ylides Catalyzed by C2‐Symmetric Ureas.
Authors: Cheng Ying , An Jing , Lu Liang‐Qiu , Luo Lan , Wang Zheng‐Yi , Chen Jia‐Rong , Xiao Wen‐Jing 
Published: March 2011

AbstractIn the presence of URE, ketoesters of type (I) efficiently undergo coupling with sulfur ylides like (II) to afford 1,2,3‐trisubstituted cyclopropanes with moderate to good diastereo‐ and enantioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Versatile Method for the Synthesis of 4‐Aminocyclopentenones: Dysprosium (III) Triflate Catalyzed Aza‐Piancatelli Rearrangement.
Authors: Veits Gesine K. , Wenz Donald R. , Read de Alaniz Javier 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe aza‐Piancatelli rearrangement affords a single trans diastereomer from both aryl‐ and alkyl‐substituted furylcarbinols.
ChemInform Abstract: Cross‐Coupling Reactions of Two Different Activated Alkenes Through Tetrabutylammonium Fluoride (TBAF) Promoted Deprotonation/Activation Strategy: A Regioselective Construction of Quaternary Carbon Centers.
Authors: Zhang Jing‐Li , Gong Yue‐Fa 
Published: March 2011

AbstractOptimized conditions allow the preparation of most target compounds within a short time.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Hydroxylation of Aryl Halides with Tetrabutylammonium Hydroxide: Synthesis of Substituted Phenols and Alkyl Aryl Ethers.
Authors: Paul Rajesh , Ali M. A. , Punniyamurthy Tharmalingam 
Published: March 2011

AbstractTreatment of aryl halides under conditions A) results in the efficient formation of phenols.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Iron‐Catalyzed Hydrosilane Reduction of Ketones: Effect of Zinc Metal upon the Absolute Configuration.
Authors: Inagaki Tomohiko , Ito Akihiro , Ito Jun‐ichi , Nishiyama Hisao 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe (S,S)‐BOPA/FeCl2 complex (II) is activated in the presence of Zn and affords the (S)‐configurated alcohol.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Ring Opening Reaction of meso‐Epoxides with Aromatic and Aliphatic Amines Catalyzed by Magnesium Complexes of BINOL Derivatives.
Authors: Bao Hongli , Wu Jiang , Li Hongji , Wang Zheng , You Tianpa , Ding Kuiling 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe reaction with anilines is catalyzed by the (R)‐BINOL/Bu2Mg/MeLi system and tolerates a wide range of functional groups [cf.
ChemInform Abstract: Azetidine‐Derived Bifunctional Organocatalysts for Michael Reactions.
Authors: Menguy Laurence , Couty Francois 
Published: March 2011

AbstractAn aminomethylazetidine derivative generates, on reaction with aryl isothiocyanate, a bifunctional thiourea which smoothly catalyzes the asymmetric Michael addition of β‐dicarbonyl compounds with β‐nitrostyrenes ( up to 86% e.e.).
ChemInform Abstract: Lewis Acid‐Catalyzed Isomerization of 2‐Arylcyclopropane‐1,1‐dicarboxylates: A New Efficient Route to 2‐Styrylmalonates.
Authors: Chagarovskiy Alexey O. , Ivanova Olga A. , Rakhmankulov Eduard R. , Budynina Ekaterina M. , Trushkov Igor V. , Melnikov Mikhail Ya. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe isomerizations proceed chemo‐, regio‐ and stereoselectively to give (E)‐styrylmalonates and heterocyclic analogues.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Calcium Organophosphate Catalyzed Enantioselective Electrophilic Amination of Enamides.
Authors: Drouet Fleur , Lalli Claudia , Liu Hua , Masson Geraldine , Zhu Jieping 
Published: March 2011

AbstractDirect amination of the (E)‐enamides followed by in situ hydrolysis or reduction leads to formation of 2‐hydrazinoketones or syn‐1,2‐disubstituted 1,2‐diamines.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhenium Complex as a Useful Catalyst for Acylative Cleavage of Ethers.
Authors: Umeda Rui , Kaiba Kenta , Tanaka Toshimasa , Takahashi Yuuki , Nishimura Takashi , Nishiyama Yutaka 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe Re‐catalyzed acylative cleavage of the C—O bond of ethers with acyl chlorides produces the corresponding esters in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Geometry‐Selective Synthesis of (E) or (Z) N‐Vinyl Ureas (N‐Carbamoyl Enamines).
Authors: Lefranc Julien , Tetlow Daniel J. , Donnard Morgan , Minassi Alberto , Galvez Erik , Clayden Jonathan 
Published: March 2011

AbstractStarting from acetophenone substrates, 1,1‐disubstituted vinylureas of type (VI) and (VIII) are generated with moderate yields via N‐methyl imines [cf.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Benzodiquinanes via Tandem Palladium‐Catalyzed Semipinacol Rearrangement and Direct Arylation.
Authors: Schweinitz Angelika , Chtchemelinine Andrei , Orellana Arturo 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe process renders possible an easy access to the rare tricyclic skeleton and tolerates various substituents at the aryl rings.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Primary Amine Catalyzed Asymmetric Epoxidation of α‐Substituted Acroleins.
Authors: Li Jiuyuan , Fu Niankai , Zhang Long , Zhou Pengxin , Luo Sanzhong , Cheng Jin‐Pei 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe reaction is limited to α‐benzyl or alkyl‐substituted substrates.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Functionalized Dihydrothiophenes from Doubly Activated Cyclopropanes Using Tetrathiomolybdate as the Sulfur Transfer Reagent.
Authors: Gopinath Purushothaman , Chandrasekaran Srinivasan 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA simple approach to various 2‐amino‐4,5‐dihydrothiophenes is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Benzylation of 3‐Aryl Oxindoles.
Authors: Trost Barry M. , Czabaniuk Lara C. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractAsymmetric benzylation of 3‐aryloxindoles (I) proceeds with good enantioselectivity (up to 96% e.e.) in the presence of a Pd—chiral bisphosphine catalyst to give oxindoles containing a quaternary all‐carbon stereocenter at position 3 (III) and (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient InBr3 Catalyzed Michael Addition of Indoles to α,β‐Unsaturated Esters.
Authors: Liu Ping , Chen Wei , Ren Kai , Wang Lei 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe title method proceeds under safe and mild experimental conditions and offers important motifs for the synthesis of 3‐substituted indoles, e.g. as natural products.
ChemInform Abstract: Regiocontrolled Synthesis of Ring‐Fused Thieno[2,3‐c]pyrazoles Through 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition of Nitrile Imines with Sulfur‐Based Acetylenes.
Authors: Chandanshive Jay Zumbar , Bonini Bianca Flavia , Gentili Denis , Fochi Mariafrancesca , Bernardi Luca , Comes Franchini Mauro 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe sulfur controls the regiochemistry of the reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition of Azomethine Ylides to 2‐Arylidene‐1,3‐indanediones: Synthesis of Dispiro‐Oxindolylpyrrolothiazoles and Their Antimycobacterial Evaluation.
Authors: Maheswari Shanmugavel Uma , Balamurugan Kamaraj , Perumal Subbu , Yogeeswari Perumal , Sriram Dharmarajan 
Published: March 2011

AbstractCompound (IVg) exhibits the highest in vitro activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv (MTB) and is about 3.4 times more active than ciprofloxacin and 5.4 times more potent than ethambutol.
ChemInform Abstract: Identification of Two Novel VHR Phosphatase Inhibitors with Structure‐Based Virtual Screening.
Authors: Park Hwangseo , Jeon Jeong‐Yi , Jeong Dae‐Gwin , Ryu Seong Eon 
Published: March 2011

AbstractCompounds (I) and (II) exhibit significant inhibitory activity against VHR phosphatase.
ChemInform Abstract: Molecular Diversity of Tonghaosu Analogues, Selective Oxidation of the exo‐Cyclic Double Bond of Spiroacetal Enol Ethers and Diastereoselective Synthesis of Spiro‐Pyranone.
Authors: Yin Biaolin , Lai Jinqiang , Zhang Zeren , Wu Yulin 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA facile method for the synthesis of compounds (II) and (III) is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of cis‐3,4‐Disubstituted Chromans and Dihydrocoumarins via an Organocatalytic Michael Addition/Hemiacetalization Reaction.
Authors: Enders Dieter , Wang Chuan , Yang Xuena , Raabe Gerhard 
Published: March 2011

AbstractDomino Michael addition—hemiacetalization reaction of aliphatic aldehydes with o‐(β‐nitrovinyl)phenols is efficiently catalyzed by a prolinol‐derived organocatalyst to give cis‐disubstituted chromanols (III)/(VII) in excellent yields and stereoselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Task Specific Onium Salt as Soluble Support in Multicomponent Synthesis of 4‐Aryl‐2‐amino‐3‐ethoxycarbonyl‐naphthopyrans.
Authors: Lu Cuifen , Zhang Li , Yang Guichun , Chen Zuxing 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe compound (I) is employed successfully as soluble support for the synthesis of the naphthopyrans (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 2‐Aminoisonicotinic Acid Analogues as HIF‐1α Inhibitors.
Authors: Xia Yan , Won Misun , Kang Jung Eun , Park Song‐Kyu , Lee Kiho , Kim Hwan‐Mook , Lee Kyeong 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA series of 2‐aminoisonicotinic acid derivatives such as (I) and (II) is synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro HIF‐1 inhibitory activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of 1‐(Isoquinolin‐1‐yl)ureas by Silver Triflate Catalyzed Tandem Reactions of 2‐Alkynylbenzaldoximes with Carbodiimides.
Authors: Ye Shengqing , Wang Huanhuan , Wu Jie 
Published: March 2011

AbstractTandem 6‐endo cyclization, [3+2] cycloaddition, and subsequent rearrangement are involved.
ChemInform Abstract: Design, Synthesis and SAR of Thienopyridines as Potent CHK1 Inhibitors.
Authors: Zhao Lianyun , Zhang Yingxin , Dai Chaoyang , Guzi Timothy , Wiswell Derek , Seghezzi Wolfgang , Parry David , Fischmann Thierry , Siddiqui M. Arshad 
Published: March 2011

AbstractRigidification of the conformation behavior of a known CHK1 inhibitor leads to a constraint core possessing a thienopyridine template.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2‐Aryl‐4‐(R‐sulfanylmethyl)‐3‐methyl‐6,7‐dihydro‐2H‐pyrazolo [3,4‐d]pyridazin‐7‐ones.
Authors: Matiichuk V. S. , Potopnyk M. A. , Obushak N. D. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractAn efficient method for the synthesis of functionally substituted 2‐aryl‐6,7‐dihydro‐2H‐pyrazolo[3,4‐d]pyridazin‐7‐ones (28 examples) is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Functionalization of (2S)‐Isopropyl‐5‐iodo‐2,3‐dihydro‐4(H)‐pyrimidin‐4‐ones by a Suzuki—Miyaura Cross‐Coupling Reaction Using Aryltrifluoroborate Salts: Convenient Enantioselective Preparation of α‐Substituted β‐Amino Acids.
Authors: Stefani Helio A. , Amaral Monica F. Z. J. , Reyes‐Rangel Gloria , Vargas‐Caporali Jorge , Juaristi Eusebio 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA large variety of groups present in the potassium aryltrifluoroborates (‐CF3, ‐OMe, ‐SEt, ‐CN, ‐CHO, ‐Cl, ‐Cbz, ‐OH) are tolerated in the title reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Sonogashira Cross‐Coupling Reactions of 6‐Chloro‐2,8‐diiodo‐9‐THP‐9H‐purine with Alkyne Derivatives.
Authors: Ibrahim Nada , Chevot Franciane , Legraverend Michel 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe titled purine diiodo purine derivative (II) is an interesting novel substrate for the preparation of 2‐alkynylated and 2,8‐dialkynylated purines via regioselective cross‐coupling reactions with alkynes.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Benzotriazine and Aryltriazene Derivatives Starting from 2‐Azidobenzonitrile Derivatives.
Authors: Nakhai Azadeh , Stensland Birgitta , Svensson Per H. , Bergman Jan 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe reactions of 2‐azidobenzonitrile derivatives (I) with alkyl magnesium halides give benzotriazines in moderate yields accompanied by aminobenzonitriles (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Macrocyclic Tetrazoles for Rapid Photoinduced Bioorthogonal 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition Reactions.
Authors: Yu Zhipeng , Lim Reyna K. V. , Lin Qing 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA series of structurally novel macrocyclic diphenyltetrazoles such as (III) or (IX) is prepared by inserting a bridge between the two flanking phenyl rings.
ChemInform Abstract: Expected and Unexpected Reactions of 1,3‐Benzothiazine Derivatives. Part 1. Ring Transformation of β‐Lactam‐Condensed 1,3‐Benzothiazines into 4,5‐Dihydro‐1,4‐benzothiazepines and Indolo‐1,4‐benzothiazepines.
Authors: Fodor Lajos , Csomos Peter , Holczbauer Tamas , Kalman Alajos , Csampai Antal , Sohar Pal 
Published: March 2011

AbstractTreatment of readily prepared lactam‐fused benzothiazines (III) with a large excess of sodium methoxide in methanol unexpectedly gives indolo‐1,4‐benzothiazepines (V) instead of the expected 4,5‐dihydro‐1,4‐benzothiazepines (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Regio‐, Diastereo‐, and Enantioselective Allylic Alkylation of Acylsilanes with Monosubstituted Allyl Substrates.
Authors: Chen Jian‐Ping , Ding Chang‐Hua , Liu Wei , Hou Xue‐Long , Dai Li‐Xin 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe method provides products with high regio‐, diastereo‐, and enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Water‐Tolerant Indium Homoenolate in Aqueous Media and Its Application in the Synthesis of 1,4‐Dicarbonyl Compounds via Palladium‐Catalyzed Coupling with Acid Chloride.
Authors: Shen Zhi‐Liang , Goh Kelvin Kau Kiat , Cheong Hao‐Lun , Wong Colin Hong An , Lai Yin‐Chang , Yang Yong‐Sheng , Loh Teck‐Peng 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe synthetic utility of the indium homoenolates (II) is demonstrated by the synthesis of 1,4‐dicarbonyl compounds which are not readily available by conventional methods.
ChemInform Abstract: Ixorapeptide I and Ixorapeptide II, Bioactive Peptides Isolated from Ixora coccinea.
Authors: Lee Chia‐Lin , Liao Yung‐Chih , Hwang Tsong‐Long , Wu Chin‐Chung , Chang Fang‐Rong , Wu Yang‐Chang 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe Me‐OH extract of the tropical roadside plant exhibits significant anti‐platelet aggregation and anti‐inflammatory effects.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Stereoisomers of Cryptofolione 6′‐Mono‐ and 4′,6′‐Di‐O‐benzyl Ethers.
Authors: Sabitha Gowravaram , Bhaskar Vangala , Reddy S. Siva Sankara , Yadav J. S. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe synthesis of the title compounds (I) starts from commercially available L‐malic acid.
ChemInform Abstract: Discovery of New Azaindole‐Based PI3Kα Inhibitors: Apoptotic and Antiangiogenic Effect on Cancer Cells.
Authors: Hong Seunghee , Lee Soyoung , Kim Bomi , Lee Hyunseung , Hong Soon‐Sun , Hong Sungwoo 
Published: March 2011

AbstractAmong a variety of azaindoles the derivative (I) exhibits strong antiangiogenic effects on cancer cells.
ChemInform Abstract: The Novel Benzopyran Class of Selective Cyclooxygenase‐2‐ Inhibitors. Part 3. The Three Microdose Candidates.
Authors: Wang Jane L. , et al. et al. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractDesign, synthesis, SAR, and human half‐life data of a novel series of potent and selective COX‐2 inhibitors (I) based on the 2‐trifluoromethyl‐2H‐benzopyran‐3‐carboxylic acid scaffold are reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Pharmacological Characterization of 5‐Phenyl‐2‐[2‐(1‐piperidinylcarbonyl)phenyl]‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐pyrrolo [1,2‐c]imidazol‐1‐ones: A New Class of Neuropeptide S Antagonists.
Authors: Micheli Fabrizio , et al. et al. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractAmong a variety of the title compounds the derivative (I) is a promising low molecular weight, non peptidic hNPSR antagonist which represents a new lead compound in the NPS antagonist field.
ChemInform Abstract: The Chemistry and Biology of Organic Guanidine Derivatives
Authors: Berlinck Roberto G. S. , Burtoloso Antonio Carlos B. , Trindade‐Silva Amaro E. , Romminger Stelamar , Morais Raquel P. , Bandeira Karin , Mizuno Carolina M. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractReview: 293 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: A Bioorganometallic Chemistry Overview: From Cytochrome P450 Enzyme Metabolism of Organotin Compounds to Organorhodium‐Hydroxytamoxifen Complexes with Potential Anticancer Properties; a 37 Year Perspective at the Interface of Organometallic Chemistry and Biology
Authors: Fish Richard H. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractReview: 43 refs.
The effect of off‐wall clearance of a side‐entering impeller on the mixing of pulp suspensions in a cylindrical stock chest
Authors: Bhole Manish R. , Hui Leo K. , Gomez Clara , Bennington Chad P. J. , Dumont Guy A. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractFor a side‐entering impeller of diameter D, the clearance from the off‐wall (E) is characterised by E/D and it affects the mixing quality attained in a pulp stock chest. For agitation of pulp suspensions, mixing can be characterised by the size of cavern produced by the impeller. In this work, we have investigated cavern size as a function of the impeller off‐wall clearance in a laboratory‐scale cylindrical stock chest. Hardwood pulp suspensions of Cm = 2%, 3%, and 4% (fibre mass concentration) were agitated using an axial flow impeller with E/D varied from 0.14 to 0.68. Cavern size was measured using electrical resistance tomography (ERT) in batch operation and dynamic mixing tests in continuous operation, with cavern size increasing with increasing E/D. At E/D = 0.14, throttling of the impeller suction occurred which reduced cavern size. Computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations for steady state operation under‐predicted the cavern size, but correctly captured the trend in cavern size variation with E/D. The measured cavern volumes compared well with predictions of an axial force model that accounted for interaction between the cavern and the vessel walls only when impeller throttling was absent.
Synthesis and Investigations on the Oxidative Degradation of C3/C5‐Alkyl‐1,2,4‐triarylpyrroles as Ligands for the Estrogen Receptor
Authors: Schäfer Anja , Wellner Anja , Gust Ronald 
Published: March 2011

AbstractIn this study, we synthesized 1,2,4‐triarylpyrroles as ligands for the estrogen receptor (ER). Two pyrrole series were prepared with either C3‐alkyl or C3/C5‐dialkyl residues. Compounds from both series were susceptible to oxidative degradation—dialkylated compounds (t1/2=33–66 h) to a higher extent than their monoalkylated congeners (t1/2=140–211 h). Nevertheless, stability was sufficient for determination of in vitro ER binding affinity. The most active agonist in hormone‐dependent, ERα‐positive MCF‐7/2a and U2‐OS/α cells was 1,2,4‐tris(4‐hydroxyphenyl)‐3‐propyl‐1H‐pyrrole (6 d) (MCF‐7/2a: EC50=70 nM; U2‐OS/α: EC50=1.6 nM). A corresponding inactivity in U2‐OS/β cells demonstrated the high ERα selectivity. This trend was confirmed in a competition experiment using estradiol (E2) and purified hERα and hERβ proteins (relative binding affinity (RBA) calculated for 6 d: RBA(ERα)=1.85 %; RBA(ERβ) <0.01 %). Generally, C3/C5‐dialkyl substitution led to reduction of activity, possibly due to lower stability.
Guide to diagnosing primary pancreatic lymphoma, B‐cell type: Immunocytochemistry improves the diagnostic accuracy of endoscopic ultrasonography‐guided fine needle aspiration cytology
Authors: Naito Yoshiki , Okabe Yoshinobu , Kawahara Akihiko , Taira Tomoki , Yamaguchi Tomohiko , Abe Hideyuki , Arikawa Shunji , Nakayama Masamichi , Yasumoto Makiko , Eriguchi Naofumi , Naito Hisanori , Kage Masayoshi , Yano Hirohisa 
Published: March 2011

AbstractPrimary pancreatic lymphoma (PPL) is a rare disease with <1% of extranodal non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma arising in the pancreas. This report provides immunocytochemical information on PPL that would be valuable for making differential diagnoses between PPL, pancreatic neuroendocine tumor, acinar cell carcinoma, and pancreatic ductal cancer. A 68‐year‐old woman had a chief complaint of abdominal pain. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was performed. The FNAC smear showed moderate cellularity, with a small to moderate number of irregular cells and lymphocytes. No epithelial tumor clusters or abundant mucoid background were seen. The cells were scattered with pleomorphism and showed irregular nuclear shapes with finely granular chromatin, an increased nuclei–cytoplasm ratio, and prominent nucleoli. Cytologically, PPL was suspected with Papanicolaou staining but definite diagnosis was not made. Therefore, the specimen was destained, immunocytochemically examined for leukocyte common antigen (LCA), and PPL was suspected again. Numerous tumor cells were found in the surgical sample and tumor cells were positive for CD20 and negative for CD45RO. Based on these findings, the tumor was diagnosed as PPL, B‐cell type. The preoperative FNAC smear that was examined for LCA was then reexamined for CD20, CEA, and Synaptophysin. As a result, the tumor cells were positive for LCA and CD20, whereas they were negative for CEA and Synaptophysin. Taking these findings together with the cytopathologic findings, this specimen was reconfirmed as PPL. Immunocytochemical examination for LCA and CD20 is useful in the identification of malignant pancreatic lymphoma, B‐cell type. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.