bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In‐depth analysis of cysteine oxidation by the RBC proteome: Advantage of peroxiredoxin II knockout mice
Authors: Yang Hee‐Young , Kwon Joseph , Choi Hoon‐In , Park Seong Hwa , Yang Ung , Park Hyang‐Rim , Ren Lina , Chung Kyoung‐Jin , U. Kim Youn , Park Byung‐Ju , Jeong Sang‐Hun , Lee Tae‐Hoon 
Published: November 2011

AbstractPeroxiredoxin II (Prdx II, a typical 2‐Cys Prdx) has been originally isolated from erythrocytes, and its structure and peroxidase activity have been adequately studied. Mice lacking Prdx II proteins had heinz bodies in their peripheral blood, and morphologically abnormal cells were detected in the dense red blood cell (RBC) fractions, which contained markedly higher levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, a labeling experiment with the thiol‐modifying reagent biotinylated iodoacetamide (BIAM) in Prdx II−/− mice revealed that a variety of RBC proteins were highly oxidized. To identify oxidation‐sensitive proteins in Prdx II−/− mice, we performed RBC comparative proteome analysis in membrane and cytosolic fractions by nano‐UPLC‐MSE shotgun proteomics. We found oxidation‐sensitive 54 proteins from 61 peptides containing cysteine oxidation, and analyzed comparative expression pattern in healthy RBCs of Prdx II+/+ mice, healthy RBCs of Prdx II−/− mice, and abnormal RBCs of Prdx II−/− mice. These proteins belonged to cellular functions related with RBC lifespan maintain, such as cytoskeleton, stress‐induced proteins, metabolic enzymes, signal transduction, and transporters. Furthermore, protein networks among identified oxidation‐sensitive proteins were analyzed to associate with various diseases. Consequently, we expected that RBC proteome might provide clues to understand redox‐imbalanced diseases.
Chemical Transformation of Octahydro‐1,3,5,7‐tetranitro‐1,3,5,7‐tetrazocine (HMX) Induced by Low Energy Electron Beam Irradiation
Authors: Xu Tao , Xiong Ying , Zhong Fachun , Wang Lin , Hao Xiaofei , Wang Hui 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe effects of 8.0×10−17 J (500 eV) and 3.2×10−19 J (2 eV) electrons on chemical structure of octahydro‐1,3,5,7‐tetranitro‐1,3,5,7‐tetrazocine (HMX) were studied in situ, under ultra‐high vacuum conditions using a combination of X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and quadrupole mass spectrometry. XPS data indicated that electrons impact by 8.0×10−17 J for 30 s caused a decrease in nitro group concentration, and a little shift in the binding energy of the nitrogen 1s peak. Such a phenomenon was found at very low kinetic energy (3.2×10−19 J) with time evolution. Quadrupole mass spectrometry detected gas desorption after electron irradiation included H2O and H2 mostly. Microscopy‐IR spectroscopic investigations also proved that the intensity of nitro groups of HMX after irradiation decreased compared with those of the pristine HMX. We attributed the structure changes obtained by XPS and IR spectroscopy result in a chemical transformation, which was associated with low‐energy dissociative electron attachment (DEA) of surface contaminants followed by deoxidization reactions to form the product molecules.
Fertility Differentials among Religious Minorities: Cross‐national and Regional Evidence from India and Bangladesh
Authors: Sahu Biswamitra , van Wissen L. J. G. , Hutter Inge , Bosch Alinda 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACTThe article examines the independent effect of religious minority status on fertility at two levels i.e. cross‐country level of India and Bangladesh and intra‐country level (district) of India. Demographic and health survey data from India (2005–2006) and Bangladesh (2006–2007) are used for the cross‐country comparison and the census of India (2001) for the intra‐country comparison. Minority status is operationalised first as an interaction between country and religion, and second through a religion‐based concentration index. This article finds empirical support for the independent effect of religious minority status on fertility at the cross‐country (India and Bangladesh) and intra‐country (districts of India) level. This article contends that high fertility among religious minorities is a result of vulnerability due to socio‐economic disadvantageous position of minorities in India and Bangladesh. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Robotic sacral hysteropexy for pelvic organ prolapse
Authors: Vitobello Domenico , Siesto Gabriele , Bulletti Cinzia 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBackgroundIn recent years the number of reconstructive procedures for pelvic organ prolapse (POP) through robotic surgery has constantly increased. This paper describes the technical aspects of robotic hysteropromontopexy using the da Vinci surgical system.MethodsTwo consecutive 35‐year‐old patients with POP, who wished to preserve the uterus, underwent hysteropromontopexy by robotic surgery.ResultsBoth procedures were performed successfully using a robotic approach. No additional reconstructive procedures were thought to be necessary at the end of surgery. Neither intra‐ nor post‐operative complications occurred. After a follow‐up of 18 and 6 months for case 1 and 2, respectively, both patients declared themselves satisfied with the anatomical and functional results achieved.ConclusionsThis procedure represents an effective option for the management of POP in selected women requiring fertility‐sparing options. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Large deviation analysis for layered percolation problems on the complete graph
Authors: Chayes Lincoln , Smith S. Alex 
Published: November 2011

AbstractWe analyze the large deviation properties for the (multitype) version of percolation on the complete graph – the simplest substitutive generalization of the Erd&0151;s‐Rènyi random graph that was treated in article by Bollobás et al. (Random Structures Algorithms 31 (2007), 3–122). Here the vertices of the graph are divided into a fixed finite number of sets (called layers) the probability of {u,v} being in our edge set depends on the respective layers of u and v. We determine the exponential rate function for the probability that a giant component occupies a fixed fraction of the graph, while all other components are small. We also determine the exponential rate function for the probability that a particular exploration process on the random graph will discover a certain fraction of vertices in each layer, without encountering a giant component.© 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 40, 460–492, 2012
The role of school engagement in preventing adolescent delinquency and substance use: A survival analysis☆
Authors: Li Yibing , Zhang Wei , Liu Jianjun , Arbeit Miriam R. , Schwartz Seth J. , Bowers Edmond P. , Lerner Richard M. 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACTThe present study was designed to examine the effects of school engagement on risky behavior in adolescence. Using data from the 4‐H Study of Positive Youth Development (PYD), a longitudinal study of U.S. adolescents, discrete‐time survival analyses were conducted to assess the effect of behavioral and emotional school engagement on the initiation of drug use and delinquency. The current analyses used seven years of longitudinal data collected from youth and their parents. Results of discrete‐time survival analysis indicated that, controlling for demographic variables, higher degrees of behavioral and emotional school engagement predicted a significantly lower risk of substance use and involvement in delinquency. Substance use prevention programs and other health‐risk reduction programs should include components (i.e., adolescents' participation in and emotional attachment to school) to capitalize on the protective role of the school context against youth risk behavior.
Developmental trajectories of civic engagement across adolescence: Disaggregation of an integrated construct☆
Authors: Zaff Jonathan F. , Kawashima‐Ginsberg Kei , Lin Emily S. , Lamb Michael , Balsano Aida , Lerner Richard M. 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACTUsing longitudinal data from Grades 8 to 11 of the 4‐H Study of Positive Youth Development, a longitudinal study involving U.S. adolescents, we examined the developmental trajectories of multiple components of civic engagement, and the effects of youth development program participation and participation in another major domain of youth engagement (religious activity) on these trajectories. A set of two‐level, hierarchical linear models (time‐varying measures of civic engagement at level 1 and covariates at level 2) were conducted. Results indicated that the components of civic engagement have different starting points and growth rates during adolescence and that the contextual factors have differing effects dependent on the civic engagement component. By understanding how the components of civic engagement develop during adolescence, and the contextual factors that affect those trajectories, practitioners can gain more nuanced insights into how and when to effectively encourage youth civic engagement.
Validation of the Impact of Event Scale‐Revised for adolescents experiencing the floods and mudslides
Authors: Chen Cheng‐Sheng , Cheng Chung‐Ping , Yen Cheng‐Fang , Tang Tze‐Chun , Yang Pinchen , Yang Rei‐Cheng , Huang Ming‐Shyan , Jong Yuh‐Jyh , Yu Hsin‐Su 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to validate the Impact of Event Scale‐Revised (IES‐R) for adolescents who had experienced the floods and mudslides caused by Typhoon Morakot in Taiwan. The internal consistency, construct validity, and criteria validity of the instrument were examined. Principal component analysis followed by an oblique rotation was used to derive a three‐factor solution. These factors were labeled intrusion, hyperarousal, and avoidance; all three factors together accounted for 58.1% of the variance. The total Cronbach's alpha of 0.94 reflected the good internal consistency of the instrument. With reference to diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder, the IES‐R cutoff point for posttraumatic stress disorder was 19 of 20 with a sensitivity of 85.7% and specificity of 84.1%. In conclusion, the IES‐R can be used as a reliable and valid instrument when evaluating psychological distress among adolescents who have experienced a natural disaster, such as flooding and mudslides.
Ionospheric and thermospheric storms at equatorial latitudes observed by CHAMP, ROCSAT, and DMSP
Authors: Balan N. , Liu J. Y. , Otsuka Y. , Tulasi Ram S. , Lühr H. 
Published: November 2011

Analysis of the dayside electron density (Ne) and neutral mass density (N) at 400 km height measured by CHAMP during 12 intense geomagnetic storms in 2000–2004, and ion densities at 600 km and 840 km heights measured by ROCSAT and DMSP during a few of the intense storms, reveal some new aspects. Thermospheric storms (change of N) reach the equator within 1.5 to 3 hours from the main phase (MP) onset of intense storms having short and steady MPs. The responses of the equatorial ionosphere (at CHAMP) to both MPs and RPs (recovery phases) of the storms are generally opposite to those at higher latitudes. In addition to the known opposite responses during MPs, the analysis reveals that positive ionospheric storms develop at equatorial latitudes (within about ±15° magnetic latitudes) during daytime RPs, while conventional negative storms occur at higher latitudes. Ionospheric storms also extend to the topside ionosphere beyond 850 km height and are generally positive (at DMSP), especially during MPs. The positive storms around the equatorial ionospheric peak during RPs are interpreted in terms of the potential sources such as (1) zero or westward electric fields due to disturbance dynamo and/or prompt penetration, (2) plasma convergence due to the mechanical effects of storm‐time equatorward neutral winds and waves, (3) increase of atomic oxygen density and decrease of molecular nitrogen density due to the downwelling effect of the winds, and (4) photoionization. The positive storms in the topside ionosphere during MPs involve the rapid upward drift of plasma due to eastward PPEFs, reduction in the downward diffusion of plasma along the field lines, and plasma convergence due to equatorward winds and waves.
Suppression of 9-cis-Epoxycarotenoid Dioxygenase, Which Encodes a Key Enzyme in Abscisic Acid Biosynthesis, Alters Fruit Texture in Transgenic Tomato
Authors: Sun Liang , Sun Yufei , Zhang Mei , Wang Ling , Ren Jie , Cui Mengmeng , Wang Yanping , Ji Kai , Li Ping , Li Qian , Chen Pei , Dai Shengjie , Duan Chaorui , Wu Yan , Leng Ping 
Published: November 2011

AbstractCell wall catabolism during fruit ripening is under complex control and is key for fruit quality and shelf life. To examine the role of abscisic acid (ABA) in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit ripening, we suppressed SlNCED1, which encodes 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED), a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of ABA. To suppress SlNCED1 specifically in tomato fruits, and thus avoid the pleiotropic phenotypes associated with ABA deficiency, we used an RNA interference construct driven by the fruit-specific E8 promoter. ABA accumulation and SlNCED1 transcript levels in the transgenic fruit were down-regulated to between 20% and 50% of the levels measured in the control fruit. This significant reduction in NCED activity led to a down-regulation in the transcription of genes encoding major cell wall catabolic enzymes, specifically polygalacturonase (SlPG), pectin methyl esterase (SlPME), β-galactosidase precursor mRNA (SlTBG), xyloglucan endotransglycosylase (SlXET), endo-1,4-β-cellulose (SlCels), and expansin (SlExp). This resulted in an increased accumulation of pectin during ripening. In turn, this led to a significant extension of the shelf life to 15 to 29 d compared with a shelf life of only 7 d for the control fruit and an enhancement of fruit firmness at the mature stage by 30% to 45%. In conclusion, ABA affects cell wall catabolism during tomato fruit ripening via down-regulation of the expression of major catabolic genes (SlPG, SlPME, SlTBG, SlXET, SlCels, and SlExp).
Changes in Cell Wall Biomechanical Properties in the Xyloglucan-Deficient xxt1/xxt2 Mutant of Arabidopsis
Authors: Park Yong Bum , Cosgrove Daniel J. 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
The main load-bearing network in the primary cell wall of most land plants is commonly depicted as a scaffold of cellulose microfibrils tethered by xyloglucans. However, a xyloglucan-deficient mutant (xylosyltransferase1/xylosyltransferase2 [xxt1/xxt2]) was recently developed that was smaller than the wild type but otherwise nearly normal in its development, casting doubt on xyloglucan’s role in wall structure. To assess xyloglucan function in the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) wall, we compared the behavior of petiole cell walls from xxt1/xxt2 and wild-type plants using creep, stress relaxation, and stress/strain assays, in combination with reagents that cut or solubilize specific components of the wall matrix. Stress/strain assays showed xxt1/xxt2 walls to be more extensible than wild-type walls (supporting a reinforcing role for xyloglucan) but less extensible in creep and stress relaxation processes mediated by α-expansin. Fusicoccin-induced “acid growth” was likewise reduced in xxt1/xxt2 petioles. The results show that xyloglucan is important for wall loosening by α-expansin, and the smaller size of the xxt1/xxt2 mutant may stem from the reduced effectiveness of α-expansins in the absence of xyloglucan. Loosening agents that act on xylans and pectins elicited greater extension in creep assays of xxt1/xxt2 cell walls compared with wild-type walls, consistent with a larger mechanical role for these matrix polymers in the absence of xyloglucan. Our results illustrate the need for multiple biomechanical assays to evaluate wall properties and indicate that the common depiction of a cellulose-xyloglucan network as the major load-bearing structure is in need of revision.
The Arabidopsis YUCCA1 Flavin Monooxygenase Functions in the Indole-3-Pyruvic Acid Branch of Auxin Biosynthesis
Authors: Stepanova Anna N. , Yun Jeonga , Robles Linda M. , Novak Ondrej , He Wenrong , Guo Hongwei , Ljung Karin , Alonso Jose M. 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
The effects of auxins on plant growth and development have been known for more than 100 years, yet our understanding of how plants synthesize this essential plant hormone is still fragmentary at best. Gene loss- and gain-of-function studies have conclusively implicated three gene families, CYTOCHROME P450 79B2/B3 (CYP79B2/B3), YUCCA (YUC), and TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE OF ARABIDOPSIS1/TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE-RELATED (TAA1/TAR), in the production of this hormone in the reference plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Each of these three gene families is believed to represent independent routes of auxin biosynthesis. Using a combination of pharmacological, genetic, and biochemical approaches, we examined the possible relationships between the auxin biosynthetic pathways defined by these three gene families. Our findings clearly indicate that TAA1/TARs and YUCs function in a common linear biosynthetic pathway that is genetically distinct from the CYP79B2/B3 route. In the redefined TAA1-YUC auxin biosynthetic pathway, TAA1/TARs are required for the production of indole-3-pyruvic acid (IPyA) from Trp, whereas YUCs are likely to function downstream. These results, together with the extensive genetic analysis of four pyruvate decarboxylases, the putative downstream components of the TAA1 pathway, strongly suggest that the enzymatic reactions involved in indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production via IPyA are different than those previously postulated, and a new and testable model for how IAA is produced in plants is needed.
Tectonic and climatic controls on the sequential arrangement of an alluvial fan/fan‐delta complex (Montserrat, Eocene, Ebro Basin, NE Spain)
Authors: Gómez‐Paccard M. , López‐Blanco M. , Costa E. , Garcés M. , Beamud E. , Larrasoaña J. C. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractA magnetostratigraphy‐based chronological framework has been constructed in the Eocene sediments of the Montserrat alluvial fan/fan‐delta complex (southeast Ebro Basin), in order to unravel forcing controls on their sequential arrangement and to revise the tectonosedimentary history of the region. The palaeomagnetic study is based on 403 sites distributed along an 1880‐m‐thick composite section, and provides improved temporal constraints based on an independent correlation to the geomagnetic polarity time scale. The new chronological framework together with sequence stratigraphy and geohistory analysis allow us to investigate the interplay between factors controlling the sequential arrangement of the Montserrat complex at the different temporal scales and to test for orbitally driven climate forcing. The results suggest that the internal stacking pattern in transgressive and regressive sequences sets within the more than 1000‐m‐thick Milany Composite Megasequence can be explained as the result of subsidence‐driven accommodation changes under a general increase of sediment supply. Composite sequences (tens to hundreds of metres thick) likely reflect orbitally forced cyclicity related to the 400‐kyr eccentricity cycle, possibly controlled by climatically induced sea‐level fluctuations. This study also provides new insights on the deformational history of the area, and shows a correlation between (tectonic) subsidence and forelimb rotation measured on basin‐margin deformed strata. Integration of subsidence curves from different sectors of the eastern Ebro Basin allows us to estimate the variable contribution of tectonic loads from the two active basin margins: the Catalan Coastal Ranges and the Pyrenees. The results support the presence of a double flexure from Late Lutetian to Late Bartonian, associated with the two tectonically active margins. From Late Bartonian to Early Priabonian the homogenization of subsidence values is interpreted as the result of the coupling of the two sources of tectonic load.
Developments in the field of allergy in 2010 through the eyes of Clinical and Experimental Allergy
Authors: Katelaris C. H. , Linneberg A. , Magnan A. , Thomas W. R. , Wardlaw A. J. , Wark P. 
Published: November 2011

SummaryIn 2010 over 200 articles were published in Clinical and Experimental Allergy including editorials, reviews, opinion articles, letters, book reviews and of course at the heart of the journal, papers containing original data which have moved the field of allergy forward on a number of fronts. For the third year running the editors felt it would be of value to summarize the key messages contained in these papers as a snapshot of where the cutting edge of research into allergic disease is leading. We have broadly followed the sections of the journal, although this year the mechanistic articles are grouped together and the studies involving experimental models of disease are discussed throughout the paper. In the field of asthma and rhinitis phenotypes and biomarkers continue to a major pre‐occupation of our authors. There is continued interest in mechanisms of inflammation and disordered lung function with the mouse model of asthma continuing to offer new insights. There is also a steady flow of papers investigating new therapies, including those derived from plants and herbs, although many are mechanistic with too few high quality clinical trials. The mechanisms involved in allergic disease are well covered with many strong papers using clinical material to ask relevant questions. Pro‐pre and snybiotics continue to be of major interest to our authors and this remains a controversial and complicated field. The discipline of epidemiology has retained its interest in risk factors for the development of allergic disease with a view to refining and debating the reasons for the allergy epidemic. There is continued interest in the relationship between helminthic disease and allergy with a new twist in 2010 involving studies using infection with helminths as a potential treatment. The genetics of allergic disease continues to be very productive, although the field has moved on from only investigating single nucleotide polymorphisms of candidate genes to Genome Wide Association Studies and an increasing and welcome emphasis on gene–environment interactions. In the field of clinical allergy there is steady flow of papers describing patterns of drug allergy with renewed interest in reactions to contrast media, but food allergy is the major area of interest in this section of the journal. Lastly in the field of allergens there is a growing interest in the role of component resolved diagnosis in improving the diagnosis and management of allergic disease. Another excellent year, full of fascinating and high quality work, which the journal has been proud to bring to the allergy community.
Cite this as: C. H. Katelaris, A. Linneberg, A. Magnan, W. R. Thomas, A. J. Wardlaw and P. Wark, Clinical & Experimental Allergy, 2011 (41) 1690–1710.