bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regulation of L‐type Ca++ currents and process morphology in white matter oligodendrocyte precursor cells by golli‐myelin proteins
Authors: Fulton Daniel , Paez Pablo M. , Fisher Robin , Handley Vance , Colwell Christopher S. , Campagnoni Anthony T. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe golli myelin basic proteins are expressed in oligodendroglial precursor cells (OPCs) where they play a role in regulating Ca2+ homeostasis. During depolarization, they influence process outgrowth and migration through their action on voltage‐operated Ca2+ channels (VOCCs). To identify ion channels that are modulated by golli, we examined the electrophysiological properties of VOCCs in OPCs in the white matter of golli knock‐out and control mice. OPCs exhibited two distinct Ca2+ channels, which were distinguished by their voltage dependence and pharmacological profiles and which exhibited many of the hallmarks of LVA/T‐type and HVA/L‐type Ca2+ channels. The density of high‐voltage‐activated (HVA) currents was reduced in OPCs recorded in golli‐KO tissue, while low‐voltage‐activated (LVA) currents remained unaltered in these cells. These data indicate that golli exerts an exclusive influence on L‐type Ca2+ channels in OPCs. Oligodendrocytes (OLs) also displayed LVA and HVA currents, although the density of these currents was much reduced at this developmental stage. These currents were not altered in golli‐KO OLs showing the influence of golli on L‐type Ca2+ channels is restricted to a specific time‐window during the course of oligodendroglial development. The actions of golli on OPC L‐type Ca2+ channels were accompanied by changes in process morphology, including a reduction in process complexity and the appearance of enlarged varicosities that decorated these cellular processes. These data on L‐type Ca2+ channels and process development provide in situ evidence for the influence of golli on VOCCs, and offer an explanation for the hypomyelination observed in the brains of golli‐KO mice. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of axon degeneration on oligodendrocyte lineage cells: Dorsal rhizotomy evokes a repair response while axon degeneration rostral to spinal contusion induces both repair and apoptosis
Authors: Sun Fang , Lin Chien‐Liang Glenn , Mctigue Dana , Shan Xiu , Tovar C. Amy , Bresnahan Jacqueline C. , Beattie Michael S. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractWallerian degeneration in the dorsal columns (DC) after spinal cord injury (SCI) is associated with microglial activation and prolonged oligodendrocyte (OL) apoptosis that may contribute to demyelination and dysfunction after SCI. But, there is an increase in OL lineage cells after SCI that may represent a reparative response, and there is evidence for remyelination after SCI. To assess the role of axonal degeneration per se in OL apoptosis and proliferation, we cut the L2‐S2 dorsal roots producing massive axonal degeneration and microglial activation in the DC, and found no evidence of OL loss or apoptosis. Rather, the numbers of OL‐lineage cells positive for NG2 and APC (CC1) increased, and BrdU studies suggested new OL formation. We then tested contusion SCI (cSCI) that results in comparable degeneration in the DC rostral to the injury, microglial activation, and apoptosis of DC OLs by eight days. NG2+ cell proliferation and oligodendrogenesis was seen as after rhizotomy. The net result of this combination of proliferation and apoptosis was a reduction in DC OLs, confirming earlier studies. Using an antibody to oxidized nucleic acids, we found rapid and prolonged RNA oxidation in OLs rostral to cSCI, but no evidence of oxidative stress in DC OLs after rhizotomy. These results suggest that signals associated with axonal degeneration are sufficient to induce OL proliferation, and that secondary injury processes associated with the central SCI, including oxidative stress, rather than axonal degeneration per se, are responsible for OL apoptosis. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
ApoD, a glia‐derived apolipoprotein, is required for peripheral nerve functional integrity and a timely response to injury
Authors: Ganfornina Maria D. , Do Carmo Sonia , Martínez Eva , Tolivia Jorge , Navarro Ana , Rassart Eric , Sanchez Diego 
Published: May 2010

AbstractGlial cells are a key element to the process of axonal regeneration, either promoting or inhibiting axonal growth. The study of glial derived factors induced by injury is important to understand the processes that allow or preclude regeneration, and can explain why the PNS has a remarkable ability to regenerate, while the CNS does not. In this work we focus on Apolipoprotein D (ApoD), a Lipocalin expressed by glial cells in the PNS and CNS. ApoD expression is strongly induced upon PNS injury, but its role has not been elucidated. Here we show that ApoD is required for: (1) the maintenance of peripheral nerve function and tissue homeostasis with age, and (2) an adequate and timely response to injury. We study crushed sciatic nerves at two ages using ApoD knock‐out and transgenic mice over‐expressing human ApoD. The lack of ApoD decreases motor nerve conduction velocity and the thickness of myelin sheath in intact nerves. Following injury, we analyze the functional recovery, the cellular processes, and the protein and mRNA expression profiles of a group of injury‐induced genes. ApoD helps to recover locomotor function after injury, promoting myelin clearance, and regulating the extent of angiogenesis and the number of macrophages recruited to the injury site. Axon regeneration and remyelination are delayed without ApoD and stimulated by excess ApoD. The mRNA and protein expression profiles reveal that ApoD is functionally connected in an age‐dependent manner to specific molecular programs triggered by injury. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Methodological approaches in developmental neuroimaging studies
Authors: Luna Beatriz , Velanova Katerina , Geier Charles F. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractPediatric neuroimaging is increasingly providing insights into the neural basis of cognitive development. Indeed, we have now arrived at a stage where we can begin to identify optimal methodological and statistical approaches to the acquisition and analysis of developmental imaging data. In this article, we describe a number of these approaches and how their selection impacts the ability to examine and interpret developmental effects. We describe preferred approaches to task selection, definition of age groups, selection of fMRI designs, definition of regions of interest (ROI), optimal baseline measures, and treatment of timecourse data. Consideration of these aspects of developmental neuroimaging reveals that unlike single‐group neuroimaging studies, developmental studies pose unique challenges that impact study planning, task design, data analysis, and the interpretation of findings. Hum Brain Mapp , 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Chinese children's moral evaluation of lies and truths—roles of context and parental individualism–collectivism tendencies
Authors: Fu Genyue , Brunet Megan K. , Lv Yin , Ding Xiaopan , Heyman Gail D. , Cameron Catherine Ann , Lee Kang 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe present study examined Chinese children's moral evaluations of truths and lies about one's own pro‐social acts. Children ages 7, 9, and 11 were read vignettes in which a protagonist performs a good deed and is asked about it by a teacher, either in front of the class or in private. In response, the protagonist either tells a modest lie, which is highly valued by the Chinese culture, or tells an immodest truth, which violates the Chinese cultural norms about modesty. Children were asked to identify whether the protagonist's statement was the truth or a lie, and to evaluate how ‘good’ or ‘bad’ the statement was. Chinese children rated modest lies more positively than immodest truths, with this effect becoming more pronounced with age. Rural Chinese children and those with at least one nonprofessional parent rated immodest truths less positively when they were told in public rather than in private. Furthermore, Chinese children of parents with high collectivism scores valued modest lies more than did children of parents with low collectivism scores. These findings suggest that both macro‐ and micro‐cultural factors contribute significantly to children's moral understanding of truth and lie telling. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quality of life during active treatment for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Sung Lillian , Yanofsky Rochelle , Klaassen Robert J. , Dix David , Pritchard Sheila , Winick Naomi , Alexander Sarah , Klassen Anne 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe objectives of the study were to describe quality of life (QoL), identify predictors of worse QoL and examine QoL during different phases of active therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). A multiinstitutional cross‐sectional study was performed in children with ALL. We included children at least 2 months from diagnosis who were receiving treatment in first remission. Parents described QoL using the PedsQL 4.0 Generic Core Scales and the PedsQL 3.0 Acute Cancer Module. The 206 children on treatment for ALL had overall [median 62.5, 95% confidence interval (CI) 34.8–94.4], physical (median 62.5, 95% CI 18.8–100.0) and psychosocial (median 65.4, 95% CI 38.3–94.2) summary scores that were one to two standard deviations lower than population norms. In high‐risk ALL, girls and older children had worse QoL. In standard‐risk ALL, those with lower household incomes and unmarried parents had worse QoL. QoL scores were generally constant across phases of ALL therapy. Children on therapy for ALL have lower QoL compared to healthy children. Age and gender predicted QoL in high‐risk ALL, whereas socioeconomics predicted QoL in standard‐risk ALL. Future efforts should focus on longitudinal studies that describe QoL over time within individual patients.
Targeting IL‐13Rα2 in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with combination therapy of IL‐13‐PE and gemcitabine
Authors: Fujisawa Toshio , Nakashima Hideyuki , Nakajima Atsushi , Joshi Bharat H. , Puri Raj K. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractPancreatic cancer is an aggressive disease with only limited therapeutic options available. We have identified that 71% pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) express high levels of IL‐13Rα2, a high‐affinity receptor for IL‐13. To target IL‐13Rα2, we have developed a recombinant immunotoxin, which is a fusion of IL‐13 and Pseudomonas exotoxin (IL‐13‐PE). Since IL‐13‐PE and a commonly used cytotoxic drug gemcitabine act by a different mechanism, we hypothesized that they synergize in mediating antitumor response. Both IL‐13‐PE and gemcitabine‐mediated cytotoxicity to two pancreatic cancer cell lines and when combined synergistic cytotoxicity was observed. This synergism was also demonstrated in vivo in an orthotopic mouse model of human PDA. IL‐13‐PE and gemcitabine showed complete eradiation of tumors as assessed by whole body imaging of GFP‐transfected tumors in 57% of mice in an early cancer model resulting into prolongation of survival. In contrast, monotherapy with either agent did not produce complete eradiation, but tumor volumes were significantly decreased. In advanced PDA model, combination therapy also produced dramatic reduction in tumor growth and enhanced survival compared to animals treated with either agent alone. When IL‐13Rα2 was knocked‐down by RNAi prior to tumor implantation, IL‐13‐PE and gemcitabine did not synergize indicating that IL‐13Rα2 is essential. Mechanistically, gemcitabine increased IL‐13Rα2 expression in vitro and in vivo, which resulted in a synergism of combination therapy. Interestingly, PDA cancer stem cells were resistant to gemcitabine, but not to IL‐13‐PE. These results suggest that combination therapy with IL‐13‐PE and gemcitabine may be a useful strategy for PDA therapy.
Soluble E‐cadherin as a serum biomarker candidate: Elevated levels in patients with late‐stage colorectal carcinoma and FAP
Authors: Weiß Jakob V. , Klein‐Scory Susanne , Kübler Salwa , Reinacher‐Schick Anke , Stricker Ingo , Schmiegel Wolff , Schwarte‐Waldhoff Irmgard 
Published: May 2010

AbstractVarious strategies have been tested to identify serum biomarkers in patients with cancer. Recently, the entire of proteins released by cultured tumor cells into the media, the so‐called secretome, has been suggested as a promising source for biomarker discovery. Ectodomains of membrane proteins cleaved from the cell surface represent a surprisingly abundant and apparently stable subset of this subproteome. Aiming for the detection of serum biomarkers for patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), we have previously detected significant amounts of the soluble form of E‐cadherin in the secretomes of CRC cells. Here, we report a comprehensive analysis of sE‐cadherin levels in sera from patients with CRC, colorectal adenoma, inflammatory bowel disease and familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). Whereas mean sE‐cadherin levels in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (mean: 4.7 μg/ml, SD: 1.5 μg/ml), with adenomas (mean: 4.6 μg/ml, SD: 3.0 μg/ml) and early stage cancers (mean: 4.9 μg/ml, SD: 4.7 μg/ml) do not significantly differ from healthy controls (mean: 4.8 μg/ml, SD: 1.9 μg/ml), patients with Stage III and Stage IV carcinomas display a significant increase (mean: 6.1 μg/ml, SD: 2.6 μg/ml). In individual patients with late‐stage CRC, sE‐cadherin serum levels directly reflect their disease status over time. These findings suggest a potential application of sE‐cadherin as an alternative diagnostic biomarker for monitoring disease particularly in patients with carcinoembryonic antigen negative tumors. In patients with FAP, on the other hand, we also detected a significant increase of serum sE‐cadherin levels (mean: 5.8 μg/ml, SD: 2.8 μg/ml), but this was regardless of their tumor load and colectomy status.
Enhancing mothers' interactions with toddlers who have sensory‐processing disorders
Authors: Jaegermann Nurit , Klein Pnina S. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe objective of the current study was to examine the effects of a brief Mediational Intervention for Sensitizing Caregivers (the MISC‐SP) designed to enhance the quality of mothers' interaction with their toddlers who have sensory processing disorders (SPD). The basic assumption was that quality parent–child interactions can serve as a protective factor moderating the potential negative effects of toddlers' sensory processing and regulation difficulties on their development. The effects of the intervention were compared to those of another intervention designed to enhance children's sensory functioning (the SI group) and to a control group receiving no intervention. Participants were 86 toddlers (12–18 months old) with SPD and their mothers, who were randomly assigned to the aforementioned three research groups. Following the intervention period, mothers in the MISC‐SP group showed more sensitive behavior, supported their toddlers' communication behavior better, and used teaching behaviors more appropriately than did mothers in the two other groups.
The relation between early mother–infant skin‐to‐skin contact and later maternal sensitivity in South African mothers of low birth weight infants
Authors: Bigelow Ann E. , Littlejohn Marianne , Bergman Nils , McDonald Claudette 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe relation between early mother–infant skin‐to‐skin contact (SSC) and mothers' subsequent sensitivity to their low birth weight infants was investigated in a study of 12 mother–infant dyads who participated in a South African randomized control study of early SSC. The dyads were visited in the home when infants were under 1 year. Amounts of SSC were taken from hospital records and home interviews. Videotapes of mother–infant interactions in the home were scored for maternal sensitivity on the Maternal Behavior Q‐Sort (D.R. Pederson, G. Moran, & S. Bento, 1999) and the Maternal Behavior subscale of the Nursing Child Assessment Teaching Scale (G. Sumner & A. Spietz, 1994). Amount of SSC in infants' first 24 hr correlated with amount of SSC through the first month. Amount of SSC in infants' first 24 hr independently accounted for maternal sensitivity on both measures, indicating that early mother–infant SSC predicted subsequent maternal sensitivity.
Selection in a field experiment with voluntary participation
Authors: Gautier Pieter A. , Klaauw Bas van der 
Published: May 2010

SUMMARYThe external validity of experiments in economics can be ensured only if participants reflect the relevant market population. We study data from a promotional campaign of NH‐Hoteles to study sample selection problems in a gift exchange field experiment. The promotion allowed guests to pay any non‐negative amount for a stay in one of 36 hotels in Belgium and the Netherlands. We distinguish between involuntary participants, who booked prior to the announcement of the promotional campaign, and voluntary participants, who booked after the campaign was announced. The involuntary participants pay, on average, substantially more. This different behavior cannot be explained by differences in satisfaction or observed compositional differences between both groups. During the promotion we varied the posted price of a room that was communicated to the guests. Only the involuntary participants respond to this exogenous variation in the posted price. We argue that the promotional campaign mainly attracted individuals with relatively few prosocial reputational concerns, because they benefit most from a name‐your‐own‐price scheme. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The impact of reserve prices on the perceived bias of expert appraisals of fine art
Authors: McAndrew Clare , Smith James L , Thompson Rex 
Published: May 2010

SUMMARYWe examine whether expert appraisals provided to bidders before major art auctions are unbiased indicators of value. Despite a strong grounding in theory, this aspect of optimal auction design has been frequently challenged in previous empirical research, particularly in the market for fine art. We adopt a valuation benchmark that incorporates sellers' reserve prices as well as high bids, and recognize censoring of works that fail to make reserve. Although the auction houses never divulge reserve prices, we exploit the fact that they can be observed indirectly via their impact on buy‐in rates. Using the set of French Impressionist paintings brought to auction from 1985 to 2001, we estimate the distribution of reserve prices, establish their link to a proper valuation benchmark, and isolate the selection bias due to bought‐in works on the perceived market value of fine art works. After controlling for the impact of reserve prices, and considering all works brought to auction, we find no evidence of bias in the experts' pre‐sale estimates. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Role of Annexin A1 in mouse myoblast cell differentiation
Authors: Bizzarro Valentina , Fontanella Bianca , Franceschelli Silvia , Pirozzi Marinella , Christian Helen , Parente Luca , Petrella Antonello 
Published: May 2010

AbstractAnnexin A1 (ANXA1) is a calcium‐ and phospholipid‐binding protein involved in a broad range of cellular events. This study used molecular and microscopy approaches to explore the role of ANXA1 in mouse myoblast C2C12 cell differentiation. We report that ANXA1 expression increases during differentiation and that the down‐regulation of ANXA1 significantly inhibits the differentiation process. ANXA1 is expressed in vivo in both quiescent and activated satellite cells and is highly localized in the cells that migrate in the lumen of regenerating fibers after an acute injury. Endogenous ANXA1 co‐localizes with actin fibers at the protruding ends of undifferentiated but not differentiated cells suggesting a role of the protein in cell migration. Furthermore, ANXA1 neutralizing antibody reduces MyHC expression, decreases myotube formation and significantly inhibits cell migration. The data reported here suggest for the first time that ANXA1 plays a role in myogenic differentiation. J. Cell. Physiol. 224: 757–765, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Neurite outgrowth from PC12 cells by basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is mediated by RhoA inactivation through p190RhoGAP and ARAP3
Authors: Jeon Chan‐Young , Kim Hee‐Jun , Morii Hiroshi , Mori Nozomu , Settleman Jeffrey , Lee Jae‐Yong , Kim Jaebong , Kim Sung‐Chan , Park Jae‐Bong 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe rat pheochromocytoma cell line PC12 has been widely used as a model to study neuronal differentiation. PC12 cells give rise to neurites in response to basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). However, it is unclear whether bFGF promotes neurite outgrowth by inducing RhoA inactivation, and a mechanism for RhoA inactivation in PC12 cells in response to bFGF has not been reported. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) treatment and the expression of constitutively active (CA)‐RhoA (RhoA V14) impaired neurite formation in response to bFGF, while Tat‐C3 exoenzyme and the expression of dominant negative (DN)‐RhoA (RhoA N19) stimulated neurite outgrowth. GTP‐bound RhoA levels were reduced in response to bFGF, which suggests that the inactivation of RhoA is essential to neurite outgrowth in response to bFGF. To investigate the mechanism of RhoA inactivation, this study examined the roles of p190RhoGAP and Rap‐dependent RhoGAP (ARAP3). DN‐p190RhoGAP prevented neurite outgrowth, while WT‐p190RhoGAP and Src synergistically stimulated neurite outgrowth; these findings suggest that bFGF promotes the inactivation of RhoA and subsequent neurite outgrowth through p190RhoGAP and Src. Furthermore, DN‐Rap1 and DN‐ARAP3 reduced neurite formation in PC12 cells. These results suggest that RhoA is likely to be inactivated by p190RhoGAP and ARAP3 during neurite outgrowth in response to bFGF. J. Cell. Physiol. 224: 786–794, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Development of microbial fuel cell with anoxic/oxic design for treatment of saline seafood wastewater and biological electricity generation
Authors: You Shi‐Jie , Zhang Jin‐Na , Yuan Yi‐Xing , Ren Nan‐Qi , Wang Xiu‐Heng 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND: Sustainable technologies need to be developed to treat saline seafood wastewater (SSW) efficiently. This study focused on the feasibility of a continuously operated microbial fuel cell (MFC) with modified anoxic/oxic (A/O) architecture (A/O–MFC) for power generation and treatment of SSW simultaneously.RESULTS: Hydraulic retention time (HRT) was shown to have an impact on polarization and power output of the A/O–MFC and the maximum power density of 16.2 W m−3 was obtained at a current density of 41.7 A m−3 and HRT of 4.2 h. High salinity together with advective flow mode enabled a low and constant internal resistance of approximately 100 Ω throughout the experiments. Besides, pH of waste stream in both compartments was found always near neutral level. Increasing HRT could improve eliminability of soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) and biological nitrification.CONCLUSIONS: This study provides a proof‐in‐concept demonstration to utilize an MFC for effective and sustainable treatment of SSW along with recovery of electrical energy. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry