bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new algorithm for geometrical design of asymmetric tall buildings against seismic torsional behaviour
Authors: Şahin Abdurrahman 
Published: October 2010

SUMMARYThis paper presents a new algorithm developed to minimize the torsional effects in asymmetric tall buildings, through arriving at all possible orientations of rectangular columns that have different lateral stiffnesses and strength in two principal directions. The most suitable combination of different orientations of such columns are chosen for the design, which leads to minimum torsional effect. The developed algorithm is coded in MATLAB and the eccentricity of a given asymmetric tall building is minimized through the proposed algorithm. Three‐dimensional model of the building is constructed and its modal analysis is performed to obtain mode shapes using SAP2000 finite element program. Finite element model of the building is updated to eliminate the torsional moments by applying developed algorithm. Earthquake behaviour of the building is investigated using 1999 Kocaeli earthquake before and after this geometrical design. It is seen from the analysis results that the torsional moments are almost eliminated and the maximum principal stresses on shell elements are extremely reduced after system design depending on the proposed algorithm. In addition to this, it is realized that structural modal behaviour of the building is changed from torsional to translational. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The CUSUM test applied in prospective nuchal translucency quality review
Authors: Sabrià J. , Barceló‐Vidal C. , Arigita M. , Jimenez J. M. , Puerto B. , Borrell A. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractObjectivesTo design a cumulative sum (CUSUM) test for prospective nuchal translucency (NT) measurement quality review that is as stringent as the retrospective quality review methods based on distribution parameters currently in use.MethodsThe database including all fetal NT measurements obtained during a 2‐year period in a single center was reviewed, and measurements obtained by sonologists who measured fewer than 100 cases were excluded. The NT distribution parameters proposed by The Fetal Medicine Foundation (FMF) and the Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island (WIHRI) were assessed in the whole NT series and in sonologist‐specific distributions. A previously described CUSUM model was adapted to fulfil our objective.ResultsTwo thousand four hundred and seventy‐five NT measurements were obtained by seven sonologists during the study period (January 2007–December 2008). In the assessment of sonologist‐specific NT distributions, two sonologists fulfilled all the FMF and WIHRI criteria, one showed NT overestimation and four failed due to NT underestimation. Our new CUSUM test model, based on multiples of the median deviations, showed good agreement with the FMF and WIHRI methods in the assessment of sonologist‐specific performance.ConclusionsOur CUSUM test model showed close agreement with the retrospective quality review methods based on distribution parameters currently in use, but with the advantage that it can be applied prospectively, allowing for earlier correction of deviations from target performance. Copyright © 2011 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Absent gallbladder on fetal ultrasound: prenatal findings and postnatal outcome
Authors: Shen O. , Rabinowitz R. , Yagel S. , Gal M. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractObjectivesFetal gallbladder non‐visualization on prenatal ultrasound in the second trimester is uncommon and in most cases the gallbladder is detected eventually. Associations of gallbladder non‐visualization with cystic fibrosis, aneuploidy, agenesis of the gallbladder and biliary atresia have been reported. We present our experience and review the literature.MethodsDuring the study period from January 2004 to June 2009 we collected prospectively cases of non‐visualization of the fetal gallbladder in the second trimester. In each case the fetus was evaluated by two examiners on at least two occasions, at least a week apart. Cases with no additional sonographic malformations were designated as isolated. Further evaluation included follow‐up scans and a meticulous search for fetal anomalies. All patients were offered genetic consultation. Cystic fibrosis testing, amniocentesis for karyotyping and analysis of fetal digestive enzymes in the amniotic fluid were offered.ResultsWe collected 21 cases of non‐visualization of the fetal gallbladder, 16 of which were isolated and five of which had additional malformations. In four of these five, the associated anomalies were severe and the pregnancies were terminated for aneuploidy (two cases of trisomy 18 and one triploidy) or for the severity of the associated anomalies. Associated anomalies included left isomerism with complex cardiac anomaly and intrauterine growth restriction with multisystem anomalies. The fifth fetus had interrupted inferior vena cava with azygos continuation without other anomalies and the child was alive and well at the age of 4 years. In 15 of the 16 isolated cases, antenatal and postnatal development were normal at the last follow‐up, ranging from 4 months to 2.5 years. One case of cystic fibrosis was diagnosed prenatally and this pregnancy was terminated. There were no diagnoses of abnormal karyotype or biliary atresia among cases of isolated non‐visualization of the gallbladder.ConclusionsWhen prenatal non‐visualization of the fetal gallbladder is associated with other severe malformation, aneuploidy should be suspected. When it is isolated, if cystic fibrosis is ruled out, the outcome is good. Copyright © 2011 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Congenital megalourethra: prenatal diagnosis and postnatal/autopsy findings in 10 cases
Authors: Amsalem H. , Fitzgerald B. , Keating S. , Ryan G. , Keunen J. , Pippi Salle J. L. , Berger H. , Aiello H. , Otaño L. , Bernier F. , Chitayat D. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractObjectiveCongenital megalourethra is a rare urogenital malformation characterized by dilation and elongation of the penile urethra associated with absence or hypoplasia of the corpora spongiosa and cavernosa. Postnatal complications include voiding and erectile dysfunction as well as renal insufficiency and pulmonary hypoplasia. To date, only a few prenatally diagnosed cases have been reported. We report on 10 cases diagnosed prenatally and their postnatal/autopsy findings.MethodsThe study involved retrospective chart review of all cases diagnosed antenatally in three tertiary care centers over 5 years. Antenatal ultrasound images and medical records from obstetrics, genetics, urology and nephrology were reviewed.ResultsTen fetuses with megalourethra were identified at a median gestational age of 19 (range, 13–24) weeks and all were confirmed postnatally or at autopsy. Three pregnancies were terminated and seven continued. All cases presented with a distended bladder and megalourethra and all cases had normal karyotype. Of seven liveborn babies, one died neonatally of pulmonary hypoplasia. All six infants alive at the time of writing had a dysfunctional urethra and three suffered from impaired or end‐stage renal disease. Associated anomalies were found in half of the cases.ConclusionCongenital megalourethra is caused by abnormal development or hypoplasia of the penile erectile tissue, secondary to distal urethral obstruction. When the amniotic fluid volume is normal, survival is possible. However, all liveborn infants have voiding and renal dysfunction and sexual dysfunction is expected. Megalourethra should be considered in all male fetuses presenting prenatally with megacystis and detailed fetal ultrasonography should look for an elongated and/or distended phallic structure as well as any associated anomalies. Copyright © 2011 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ultrasound evaluation of the Cesarean scar: relation between a niche and postmenstrual spotting
Authors: Bij de Vaate A. J. M. , Brölmann H. A. M. , van der Voet L. F. , van der Slikke J. W. , Veersema S. , Huirne J. A. F. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the relationship between a niche and abnormal uterine bleeding, and to develop a sonographic classification of niches and evaluate its relationship to abnormal uterine bleeding.MethodsAn observational prospective cohort study was performed between October 2007 and May 2009. All women who had a Cesarean section performed in our hospital were asked to participate. Two hundred and twenty‐five women were included and examined with both transvaginal sonography (TVS) and gel instillation sonohysterography (GIS) 6–12 months after the Cesarean section. In case of a niche, the depth, volume and residual myometrium were measured, and the shape was assessed according to a specified classification. A questionnaire and pictorial blood loss assessment chart were filled in.ResultsThe prevalence of a niche on evaluation with TVS and GIS was 24.0% and 56.0%, respectively. A niche was considered to be present if the depth was at least 1 mm visualized with GIS. Postmenstrual spotting was reported by 33.6% of women with a niche and 15.2% of women without a niche (P = 0.002). The niche volume was significantly different between women with and without postmenstrual spotting (P = 0.02). Most niches had a semicircular (50.4%) or triangular shape (31.6%). No significant relationship was identified between the shape of the niche and postmenstrual spotting (P = 0.19).ConclusionsA niche is present in 56.0% of women with a history of Cesarean section when examined by GIS and is associated with postmenstrual spotting. Semicircular and triangular niches are most common, but the shape is not related to postmenstrual spotting. Copyright © 2010 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mechanisms in fetal bradyarrhythmia: 65 cases in a single center analyzed by Doppler flow echocardiographic techniques
Authors: Eliasson H. , Wahren‐Herlenius M. , Sonesson S.‐E. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractObjectiveFetal bradyarrhythmias have various underlying mechanisms. As blocked atrial bigeminy (BB) generally resolves spontaneously, but incomplete atrioventricular block (AVB) might respond to steroid treatment, correct diagnosis is of major importance. Our objectives were to assess the underlying mechanisms in fetal bradyarrhythmia and the accuracy of Doppler techniques in differentiating between them.MethodsSeventy‐eight patients referred to our tertiary center between 1990 and 2007 for evaluation of fetal bradycardia were analyzed retrospectively. Besides Doppler recordings from the mitral valve/aorta, superior vena cava/aorta and pulmonary vein/peripheral pulmonary artery, we used recordings from the pulmonary trunk and ductus venosus. We calculated the ratio of the time interval between conducted and consecutive blocked atrial contractions divided by the interval between two conducted atrial beats (acb/acc), to analyze more meticulously the atrial rhythm in BB and second‐degree AVB.ResultsFetal bradycardia ( ≤ 110 bpm) was confirmed in 65 of the 78 referred cases. Twenty‐five had AVB (of which 20 were complete AVB), 29 had BB (of which 23 were intermittent) and 11 had sinus bradycardia. The bradyarrhythmic mechanism was identified correctly in all but one fetus with an atrial ectopic rhythm. Heart rates < 65 bpm were not seen in fetuses diagnosed with BB and rates < 60 bpm were seen only in cases with complete AVB, but heart rate did not distinguish between BB and AVB in the 60–75 bpm range. The acb/acc ratio clearly differentiated between fetsues with BB and those with second‐degree AVB, including during midgestation, when it was difficult to distinguish these fetuses.ConclusionsUsing Doppler flow recordings, the mechanism causing fetal bradycardia can be clarified. In most cases this can be accomplished by visual validation only, and meticulous measurements are needed mainly to distinguish midterm fetuses with BB from those with second‐degree AVB. Copyright © 2011 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Does gastric dilation predict adverse perinatal or surgical outcome in fetuses with gastroschisis?
Authors: Alfaraj M. A. , Ryan G. , Langer J. C. , Windrim R. , Seaward P. G. R. , Kingdom J. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo compare perinatal and infant surgical outcomes in fetuses with gastroschisis with and without gastric dilation in a single‐center cohort.MethodsThis was a retrospective study of all singleton pregnancies with a prenatal diagnosis of gastroschisis managed at University of Toronto perinatal centers between January 2001 and February 2010. Digital prenatal ultrasound images were reviewed to determine fetal gastric size within 2 weeks of delivery. Perinatal and surgical outcomes were compared in fetuses with and without gastric dilation including: gestational age at delivery, mode of delivery, indication for Cesarean section, meconium‐stained amniotic fluid, birth weight percentile, Apgar scores at 1 and 5 min, umbilical artery pH, time to full enteral feeding, length of hospital stay, bowel atresia or necrosis and need for bowel resection.ResultsNinety‐eight fetuses with prenatally diagnosed gastroschisis managed at our center were included in the study, of which 32 (32.7%) were found to have gastric dilation. Gastric dilation predicted meconium‐stained amniotic fluid at delivery (53% vs. 24%;P= 0.017), but no other adverse perinatal outcome. Surgical morbidity rates (bowel atresia, bowel necrosis, perforation diagnosed postnatally, need for bowel resection, total time to full enteral feeding and length of hospital stay) were unaffected by gastric dilation.ConclusionsIn gastroschisis, fetal gastric dilation is associated with meconium‐stained amniotic fluid at delivery, but is not predictive of any serious perinatal or postnatal complications. Fetal growth and well‐being should be serially evaluated on ultrasound using biophysical and Doppler assessment to decide on the optimal timing and mode of delivery. Copyright © 2010 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ON DENSE EMBEDDINGS INTO MOORE SPACES WITH THE BAIRE PROPERTY
Authors: FEARNLEY DAVID L. , FEARNLEY LAWRENCE 
Published: October 2010

AbstractWe demonstrate a construction that will densely embed a Moore space into a Moore space with the Baire property when this is possible. We also show how this technique generates a new ‘if and only if’ condition for determining when Moore spaces can be densely embedded in Moore spaces with the Baire property, and briefly discuss how this condition can can be used to generate new proofs that certain Moore spaces cannot be densely embedded in Moore spaces with the Baire property.
The professional voice
Authors: Benninger M S 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe human voice is not only the key to human communication but also serves as the primary musical instrument. Many professions rely on the voice, but the most noticeable and visible are singers. Care of the performing voice requires a thorough understanding of the interaction between the anatomy and physiology of voice production, along with an awareness of the interrelationships between vocalisation, acoustic science and non-vocal components of performance. This review gives an overview of the care and prevention of professional voice disorders by describing the unique and integrated anatomy and physiology of singing, the roles of development and training, and the importance of the voice care team.
Isolated itching of external auditory canal: clinicopathological study with immunohistochemical determination of antimicrobial peptides
Authors: Acar B , Simsek G Güler , Oguztuzun S , Zaim M , Karasen R Murat 
Published: October 2010

AbstractObjective:This study aimed to demonstrate the histological and immunohistological features of skin biopsy specimens from patients complaining of isolated itching of the external auditory canal.Materials and methods:A prospective, case–control study was performed of 24 patients undergoing evaluation for contact dermatitis of the external auditory canal, and 24 controls. Skin biopsies were examined histologically by a single, blinded dermatopathologist, using light microscopy, to determine histopathological characteristics. The immunohistological presence of the antimicrobial peptides human β-defensin-3 and LL-37 cathelicidin was also assessed. Findings for patients and controls were compared.Results:There was a statistically significant difference in the degree of inflammation, comparing patients and controls (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the presence of spongiotic changes, comparing patients and controls (p > 0.05). Furthermore, the patients' skin biopsies did not show pronounced expression of human β-defensin-3 or LL-37 cathelicidin.Conclusion:Histological and immunohistological examination of skin biopsies from cases of isolated itching of the external auditory canal did not support a diagnosis of dermatitis.
Persistent otorrhoea with an abnormal tympanic membrane secondary to squamous cell carcinoma of the tympanic membrane
Authors: de Zoysa N , Stephens J , Mochloulis G M D , Kothari P B D S 
Published: October 2010

AbstractObjective:The authors present an extremely rare case of carcinoma of the tympanic membrane.Method:A case report and review of the literature concerning carcinoma of the tympanic membrane and temporal bone are presented and discussed.Results:The authors present a patient with recurrent otorrhoea and an abnormal tympanic membrane. Biopsy was inconclusive, but resection demonstrated squamous cell carcinoma of the tympanic membrane. We also discuss the investigation, diagnosis, natural history and management of this rare condition, as well as the staging and management of tumours of the temporal bone and the differences between these closely related but prognostically different entities.Conclusion:This rare entity can be managed by primary surgical resection if there is no evidence of metastasis.
Heresy and Sufism in the Arabic-Islamic world, 1550–1750: Some preliminary observations
Authors: El-Rouayheb Khaled 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe present paper is an attempt to throw preliminary light on heretical Sufi groups in the Arabic-Islamic world in the early-modern period (sixteenth to eighteenth centuries). Previous scholarship on antinomian Sufism has tended to focus on earlier centuries and on Persian- and Turkish-speaking groups. Evidence suggests that there is also a history to be written of antinomian mystical groups in the Arabic-speaking world in later centuries. On the eve of modernity in the Arabic-speaking Middle East, groups and individuals existed who rejected or ignored the prevalent scholarly interpretation of Islam and challenged the authority of the class of religious scholars (ʿulamā'). A number of sources from the period, usually hostile and/or satirical, attest to the existence of such groups and allow us to reconstruct the overall contours of their outlook.
The Dreamer and the Yogin: On the relationship between Buddhist and Śaiva idealisms
Authors: Ratié Isabelle 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe Pratyabhijñā system, elaborated in the tenth and eleventh centuries by the Kashmiri philosophers Utpaladeva and Abhinavagupta, presents a rational justification of the metaphysical principles contained in the Śaiva nondualistic scriptures. However, contrary to what one might expect, many arguments to which Utpaladeva and Abhinavagupta resort when defending their idealism belong to Buddhist rather than Śaiva sources. This article examines the profound influence, in this respect, of the Buddhist “logico-epistemological school” on the Pratyabhijñā system. But it also shows that Utpaladeva and Abhinavagupta are not unknowingly or unwittingly influenced by their Buddhist opponents: they systematically emphasize this influence, thus taking full responsibility for appropriating their rivals' concepts. Moreover, they highlight their fundamental divergence regarding the way consciousness manifests a seemingly external and diverse universe, most notably by replacing the Vijñānavādins' traditional analogy: according to the Śaivas, perceived objects should not be compared to dreamt objects, but to yogins' creations.
Learning to liaise and elidecomme il faut: evidence from bilingual children*
Authors: NICOLADIS ELENA , PARADIS JOHANNE 
Published: October 2010

ABSTRACTLiaison and elision in French are phonological phenomena that apply across word boundaries. French-speaking children make errors in contexts where liaison/elision typically occurs in adult speech. In this study, we asked if acquisition of French liaison/elision can be explained in a constructivist framework. We tested if children's liaison/elision was sensitive to co-occurrence and meaning. We expected children's use of liaison/elision to correlate with their experience with French (estimated by vocabulary). Thirty-one French-speaking children (twenty-five bilingual) between three and five years old produced familiar vowel-initial words, following four words: (1)un, (2)deux, (3)un petitand (4)beaucoup de. The children with smaller French vocabularies produced many vowel-initial words and some consonant-initial chunks. The children with larger French vocabularies produced liaison/elision correctly across several frames while associating a number interpretation with liaised consonants. These results suggest that children use a variety of cues to construct the appropriate use of liaison/elision.
High-dose vitamin C supplement use is associated with self-reported histories of breast cancer and other illnesses in the UK Women’s Cohort Study
Authors: Hutchinson Jayne , Burley Victoria J , Greenwood Darren C , Thomas James D , Cade Janet E 
Published: October 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether frequent vitamin C supplement use is associated with healthier behaviours, and a history of cancer and other illnesses in UK women.DesignThe present cross-sectional analysis examines the odds of taking supplements containing vitamin C as recorded in 4 d food diaries, based on lifestyle characteristics and morbidity history self-reported by questionnaire.SettingA large national UK cohort study.SubjectsA total of 12 453 women aged between 37 and 79 years.ResultsWomen frequently taking supplements containing vitamin C, compared to those who did not, had healthier behaviours, including higher consumption of fruit and vegetables. Frequent high-dose vitamin C users (≥1000 mg) had a higher socio-economic status, visited alternative practitioners more often than family or private doctors, and were more likely to be ex-smokers and to drink little or no alcohol. Women who self-reported having had cancer (OR = 1·33, 95 % CI 1·00, 1·76) or specifically breast cancer (OR = 1·70, 95 % CI 1·14, 2·55), or reported a family history of cancer (OR = 1·16, 95 % CI 0·95, 1·41) or breast cancer (OR = 1·26, 95 % CI 1·01, 1·58) had increased odds of being frequent high-dose users after adjusting for sociodemographic and health behaviours. Women with personal or family histories of some cardiovascular or intestinal disorders were more likely to take supplements containing vitamin C, though not necessarily at high doses.ConclusionsHigh-dose vitamin C intake by UK women was associated with healthier behaviours and a history of breast cancer, total cancer and other illnesses. Consequences of high-dose vitamin C supplement intake are not clear at the population level.