bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regulation of Vascular Endothelial Integrity by Mesenchymal Stem Cell Extracellular Vesicles after Hemorrhagic Shock and Trauma
Authors: Barry Mark , Trivedi Alpa , Miyazawa Byron , Vivona Lindsay , Shimmin David , Pathipati Praneeti , Keane Callie , Cuschieri Joseph , Pati Shibani 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Patients with hemorrhagic shock and trauma (HS/T) are vulnerable to the endotheliopathy of trauma (EOT), characterized by vascular barrier dysfunction, inflammation, and coagulopathy. Cellular therapies such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and MSC extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been proposed as potential therapies targeting the EOT. In this study we investigated the effects of MSCs and MSC EVs on endothelial and epithelial barrier integrity in vitro and in vivo in a mouse model of HS/T. This study addresses systemic effects of HS/T on multiorgan EOT in HS/T model.
METHODS
In vitro, pulmonary endothelial cell (PEC) and Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cell monolayers were treated with control media, MSC conditioned media (CM), or MSC EVs in varying doses and subjected to a thrombin or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) challenge, respectively. Monolayer permeability was evaluated with a cell impedance assay, and intercellular junction integrity was evaluated with immunofluorescent staining. In vivo, a mouse model of HS/T was used to evaluate the effects of lactated Ringer’s (LR), MSCs, and MSC EVs on endothelial and epithelial intercellular junctions in the lung and small intestine as well as on plasma inflammatory biomarkers.
RESULTS
MSC EVs and MSC CM attenuated permeability and preserved intercellular junctions of the PEC monolayer in vitro, whereas only MSC CM was protective of the Caco-2 epithelial monolayer. In vivo, both MSC EVs and MSCs mitigated the loss of endothelial adherens junctions in the lung and small intestine, though only MSCs had a protective effect on epithelial tight junctions in the lung. Several plasma biomarkers including MMP8 and VEGF were elevated in LR- and EV-treated but not MSC-treated mice.
CONCLUSIONS
In conclusion, MSC EVs could be a potential cell-free therapy targeting endotheliopathy after HS/T via preservation of the vascular endothelial barrier in multiple organs early after injury. Further research is needed to better understand the immunomodulatory effects of these products following HS/T and to move toward translating these therapies into clinical studies.
CeVO 4 /Bentonite nanocomposite as a dual-functional photocatalytic adsorbent: One-step hydrothermal synthesis for enhanced water-soluble pollutant degradation
Authors: Farhadi Hajar , Mousavi-Kamazani Mehdi , Keramati Narjes , Alamdari Sanaz 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Cerium vanadate/Bentonite (CeVO4/bt) nanocomposite with different composition percentages was synthesized through a simple one-step hydrothermal method at 180 ℃ then photocatalytic activity was evaluated by decolorizing methylene blue (MB) in an aqueous solution under light exposure. The structural and optical properties of the synthesized composites were determined by XRD, FT-IR, DRS, FESEM, EDS, and BET measurements. XRD and EDS results confirmed the successful synthesis of CeVO4. The calculated band gap energy for modified cerium vanadate/bentonite (CeVO4/mbt) was the lowest among all, indicating its more appropriateness for photocatalytic removal of MB dye. nanoparticles were well distributed on bentonite. Due to the synergistic effects, the MB removal efficiency (for just 0.1 g) of CeVO4/mbt nanocomposite was significantly increased (99% in 15 min) compared with neat bentonite, CeVO4, and CeVO4/bt samples. The mineralization degree of MB dye was also studied which obtained 61% for CeVO4/mbt sample. The mentioned nanocomposite followed the first order kinetics and constant speed equal to 0.957 min-1 and showed acceptable stability in five consecutive cycles. This research presents a simple approach to creating novel, very efficient modified nanocomposites for use in photocatalysis applications.
Lactucin reverses liver fibrosis by inhibiting TGF-β1/STAT3 signaling pathway and regulating short-chain fatty acids metabolism
Authors: Qin Dongmei , Han Chang , Gao Yuefeng , Li Hong , Zhu Liping 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

TGF-β1 activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), transcriptional activator 3 (Stat3) activation and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), metabolite of intestinal bacteria, is closely associated with hepatic fibrosis. Previous studies have shown that Lactucin has significant anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective effects; however, the mechanism of Lactucin's role in liver fibrosis associated with SCFAs remains unknown. This study was intended to investigate whether effect of Lactucin on liver fibrosis was mediated by TGF-β1/Stat3 and SCFAs. We found that Lactucin induced apoptosis in HSC-T6 cells, and inhibition of nuclear translocation of Stat3 and p-Stat3. And Smad3 and TGF-β1 protein expression was significantly inhibited, while TLR4 and Smad7 protein expression was significantly enhanced. For in vivo experiments, We demonstrated that Lactucin alleviated liver fibrosis in mice, as evidenced by a reduction in inflammatory factors, collagen deposition, liver injury and fibrosis-related factors expression, especially the expression of Smad3 and TGF-β1 proteins was significantly suppressed and Smad7 protein expression was significantly increased in the liver. In addition, the levels of acetic acid, butyric acid and valeric acid in the intestine of Lactucin-treated mice were significantly higher than those in the intestine of liver fibrosis mice. In conclusion, based on the results of in vivo and in vitro experiments, preventive mechanism of Lactucin against liver fibrosis in mice may be to improve the enterohepatic circulation by regulating the metabolites of intestinal microorganisms, acetic acid and butyric acid, and to further regulate the Stat3 and TGF-β1 signaling pathway through the "gut-liver axis" to combat liver fibrosis.
Two Ways To Measure Interpersonal Synchrony in Dance/Movement Therapy: Comparing Accelerometer Data with Observational Data
Authors: Prakash Nalini , Ramakrishnan Arun , Vader Daniel T. , Beardall Nancy , Moore Reneé H. , Shim Minjung , Goodill Sherry 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Moving in synchrony with others is associated with heightened social engagement and cooperation between individuals. Creative arts-based approaches such as dance/movement therapy (DMT) incorporate nonverbal techniques to develop interpersonal synchrony and group cohesion, and to enhance kinesthetic empathy. Our goal was to explore the utility of the accelerometer to measure rhythmic synchrony and spatial synchrony with 14 middle school students during 10 weekly group DMT sessions.. A wrist-worn accelerometer and Laban Movement Analysis (LMA), a behavioral assessment system used in DMT, were used to measure rhythmic synchrony and spatial synchrony and the results were compared. Participants’ subjective experiences of wearing the device during movement were also investigated. In comparing the two data sets, overall biometric scores of RS increased marginally between the three time points, and overall observational scores notably increased between T1 and T2 and decreased between T2 and T3. Group 2 demonstrated similar upward trends in both data sets. This study is the first to investigate the useability of the accelerometer to measure interpersonal synchrony in DMT. Although the findings are encouraging, further investigation is needed to provide definitive information on the usefulness of the accelerometer in this context. Limitations and suggestions for future research are included.
Can Clinial Findings at Admission Exclude Bacterial Coinfection in Community Acquired Pneumonia when a Test for a Respiratory Virus is Positive?: a prospective study
Authors: Ward Ryan , Gonzalez Alejandro J. , Kahla Justin A. , Musher Daniel M. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background. Current guidelines recommend empiric antibiotic therapy for all patients who require hospitalization for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). In such patients, we sought to determine whether clinical, imaging or laboratory features sufficiently enabled exclusion of bacterial coinfection so that antibiotics could be withheld from patients who test positive for a respiratory virus.
Methods. In patients hospitalized for CAP, we selected for study those who provided a high-quality sputum sample at or shortly after admission and who were tested for a respiratory virus. We performed quantitative bacteriologic studies on sputum to determine the presence of bacterial coinfection and reviewed all clinical, radiologic and laboratory studies.
Results. 122 patients were studied. 77 (63.1%) had bacterial infection, 16 (13.1%) viral infection, and 29 (23.8%) bacterial/viral coinfection. No clinical, laboratory or imaging findings allowed exclusion of bacterial coinfection in patients who tested positive for a respiratory virus. A significantly greater proportion of patients with bacterial/viral coinfection (30%) were admitted or transferred to the ICU during their hospital course, compared to 17% and 19% of patients with bacterial or viral infection, respectively
Conclusions. Even if a test for a respiratory virus test is positive in a patient hospitalized for CAP, no sufficiently differentiating features exclude bacterial coinfection, thereby supporting the recommendation that antibiotics be administered empirically at admission.
The impact of self-regulated learning on the mental health of teacher trainees in the post-epidemic era: The multiple mediating roles of basic psychological needs
Authors: Gan qiying 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

(1)Background: Self-regulated learning is important to the mental health of teacher-training students. Based on self-determination theory, an analytical framework of "self-regulated learning - internal psychological needs" was constructed to promote the mental health of teacher-training students.
(2) Methods：A questionnaire on self-regulated learning, the Chinese version of the SDT Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction Scale, and a self-assessed health scale were used to investigate the effects of self-regulated learning on the psychological health of 528 teacher trainees in three teacher training schools, and to examine the multiple mediating roles of autonomy, competence, and relationship needs.
(3)Results: The results showed that self-regulated learning not only positively predicted mental health, but also positively predicted mental health through autonomy needs, competence needs, and relational needs. The mechanisms of action of self-regulated learning, basic psychological needs, and psychological well-being were found to be informative for the development of teacher trainees. Self-regulated learning ability is an important factor in promoting teacher trainees' psychological health, and the basic psychological needs has a unique functional value for teacher trainees' psychological health; group intervention programs can be designed based on the need satisfaction model to develop teacher trainees' self-regulated learning ability and promote the improvement of psychological health.
Perforation and surgical prognosis of acute appendicitis, and a prediction nomogram for perforated appendicitis in adults: a retrospective study
Authors: Shi Yongping , Yang Xingyu , Song Jia , He Yiming , Han Shengbo , Cheng Yifeng , Zheng Hai , Chen Jinhuang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
The safety and feasibility of performing appendectomy beyond the initial 72-hour period following symptom onset remain largely unknown.
Aims
This retrospective study aims to provide valuable insights for the prospective clinical management of acute appendicitis.
Methods
Case records of patients with acute appendicitis and those who underwent an appendectomy at our hospital between 2014 and 2020 were analyzed. Propensity score matching was employed to mitigate and control for selection bias in each case. To construct a prediction nomogram, 468 patients with acute appendicitis admitted between Jan 1, 2014 and Mar 31, 2019 were divided into a training cohort, while those admitted between Apr 1, 2019 and Dec 31, 2020, constituted the validation cohort.
Results
Patients with pre-hospital delays under 72 hours did not exhibit significant differences in surgery time, hospitalization, and postoperative complications compared to those with delays over 72 hours. However, there was a significant difference in the occurrence of appendiceal perforation. We then developed a prediction model to forecast the occurrence of appendiceal perforation. The reliability of the prediction nomogram was established through calibration curve analysis, decision curve analysis, and external validation.
Conclusion
Pre-hospital delay was an independent risk factor for appendiceal perforation, but not a factor directly affecting the prognosis of surgery. A nomogram based on perioperative factors was developed to predict the occurrence of appendiceal perforation in adults. This nomogram offers clinicians a precise and effective tool for early prediction of perforated appendicitis.
GLP2 agonists reduce the requirement of Parenteral Support in patients with Short Bowel Syndrome: A Comprehensive Meta- Analysis
Authors: Ahmad Farooq , Khalid Abdur Rehman , Zafar Rameen , Rehman Simra , Mansoor Hussain , Qazi Shurjeel Uddin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

1.1 Background and Aims
Glucagon like peptide-2 (GLP-2) agonists have shown potential as an effective treatment option for parenteral nutrition (PN) in patients with short-bowel syndrome (SBS). However, a literature gap is present regarding its efficacy in reducing rates of PN volume and calories along with changed in biomarkers.
1.2 Methods
A systematic database search of MEDLINE, Google Scholar and Cochrane Library was performed from their inception till March 2024. The outcomes assessed were: changes in weekly PN volume, and daily PN calories, rate of weaning, wet fecal weight excretion, and a greater than 20% reduction in PN following the use of GLP-2 agonists. Outcomes were analyzed using a random effects model and presented as weighted mean differenced (WMD) along with their 95% CI.
1.3 Results
A total of 41 studies were included. Analysis of the pooled data displayed a statistically significant decrease in the weekly PN volume requirements by almost 5 liters per week with the use of GLP-2 agonists. Similarly, a significant decrease in the daily PN calorie requirement of approximately 360 kcal/day was also observed. The combined single-arm meta-analysis also revealed a one-third chance of PS weaning. Furthermore, the meta-analysis revealed a 72% chance of greater than 20% PN volume reduction with GLP-2 agonists, which was statistically significant.
1.4 Conclusions
This meta-analysis successfully demonstrated the potential efficacy of GLP-2 agonists in improving intestinal health and reducing PN requirements in patients with SBS. Our results provide pooled data pertaining to the reduction in PN volume and increased PN weaning rates along with significant improvements in overall nutritional outcomes.
Factors affecting the outcome of non-invasive ventilation in acute respiratory failure with acidosis and mortality in a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan
Authors: Karamat Asifa , Akram Shazia , Batool Huma , Ambreen Atiqa , Mustafa Tehmina 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
To identify the predictors of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) outcome at early (one-hour) and later (24-hours) time points in acute respiratory failure because of any respiratory illness to infer the factors determining later success despite early failure, and timely shifting to mechanical ventilation.
Methods
The study was carried out at an intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan. Adult patients of type II respiratory failure of any cause requiring NIV were enrolled in study. Arterial blood gases were measured at one-hour and 24-hours. Binary regression analysis was applied to find out the factors affecting outcome at one and 24-hours, and factors associated with mortality.
Results
Among 226 patients; 139 were males, 71%, 25%, and 4% had obstructive, restrictive disease, and infective etiology respectively. Overall mortality was 17%, highest (50%) mortality among the infective group than the obstructive (16%) and restrictive disease (11%) groups. An initial PO2 of > 65mmHg, FiO2 > 41% and white cell count > 11/mm3 were associated with higher mortality. NIV failure at one-hour was associated with an initial pH < 7.25,initial bicarbonate < 33 mg/dl, initial PO2 > 65mmHg, and one-hour pCO2 > 75mmHg. Predictors of NIV failure at 24-hours were an initial PO2 > 65mmHg, one-hour pH < 7.3, one-hour PCO2 > 75mmHg, 24-hour PCO2 > 60mm Hg, and inspiratory positive airway pressure < 20 cm of H2O.
Conclusion
High PO2 and FiO2 were associated with both mortality and NIV outcome. Initial pH, HCO3, PCO2 and IPAP predicted timings and failure of NIV.
Tracing groundwater nitrate sources in an intensive agricultural region: Integration of self-organizing map (SOM) and end-member mixing model tool (EMMTE)
Authors: Gao Hongbin , Wang Gang , Fan Yanru , Wu Junfeng , Yao Mengyang , Zhu Xinfeng , Guo Xiang , Long Bei , Zhao Jie 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The traceability of groundwater nitrate pollution is crucial for controlling and managing polluted groundwater. This study integrates hydrochemistry, nitrate isotope (δ15N-NO3- and δ18O-NO3-), self-organizing map (SOM), and EMMTE models to identify the sources and quantify the contributions of nitrate pollution to groundwater in an intensive agricultural region. The results indicate that the NO3--N concentration in 74% of the groundwater samples exceeded the WHO standard of 10 mg/L. According to the results of EMMTE modeling, soil nitrogen (68.4%) was the main source of nitrate in Cluster-1, followed by manure and sewage (16.5%), chemical fertilizer (11.9%) and atmospheric deposition (3.3%). In Cluster-2, soil nitrogen (60.1%) was the main source of nitrate, with a significant increase in the contribution of manure and sewage (35.5%). The considerable contributions of soil nitrogen may be attributed to the high nitrogen fertilizer usage that accumulated in the soil in this traditional agricultural area. Moreover, it is apparent that most Cluster-2 sampling sites with high contributions of manure and sewage are located around residential land. Therefore, the arbitrary discharge and leaching of domestic sewage may be responsible for these results. This results provide useful assistance for the continuous management and pollution control of groundwater in this area.
Genome mining to elucidate antimicrobial and plant growth promoting potentials in Lactic acid bacteria
Authors: Vargas Christian David , Botero Lina Marcela , Rodriguez Edwin , Dávila Lorena , Racedo Camilo , Barrera Claudia Camila , Bernal Adriana Jimena , Jiménez Hugo Rodolfo , Zuluaga Paola , Almario Carolina González 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The pangenome of Pediococcus sp. was constructed with five bacterial strains isolated from oat silage produced by smallholder farmers from a region in the highlands of the Colombian Andes. The goal of this work was to use genome mining to elucidate some potential mechanisms of action associated with plant growth promotion and biocontrol in lactic acid bacteria (LAB). Multiple genes were uncovered, including those associated with antibiosis and antimicrobial compound production, genes that induce plant defense and phytohormone activation. Additionally, genome sequencing suggested mechanisms for LAB to protect against abiotic and biotic stress. Furthermore, genes that may improve phosphorus availability and those that might stimulate root growth were present. We then tested some of these findings in vitro. For instance, the biocontrol activity of these strains was evaluated against the fungal pathogens Fusarium oxsyporum f. sp. cubense (Foc R1 and Foc TR4) and the bacterial pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum (Rs). All tested strains showed the ability to significantly inhibit pathogen growth in vitro. The capability of LAB to grow at high concentrations of fusaric acid was demonstrated, suggesting that LAB might have detoxification mechanisms to compete with other microorganisms. Also, the ability of LAB to solubilize phosphate and produce IAA was demonstrated. These two properties might be involved in the plant-growth promotion. Here we show that genomic sequencing can be an efficient tool to identify putative biocontrol or plant-growth promoting related sequences for genome mining.
Comparative effectiveness of the medication versus non-medication approach for closing symptomatic patent ductus arteriosus in Extreme low birth weight infant; Based on national wide cohort study
Authors: Choi Hyowon , Lee Eun Jung , Shin Taewoo , Lee Hunju , Ahn Yeon-Soon , Yoo Yeong Myong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background: There are no standard treatment for symptomatic patent ductus arteriosus(sPDA), especially very common in extremely low birth weights infant (ELBWI). Medication for PDA closure in ELBWI is a common clinical practice, yet its effectiveness in real-world settings is contested.
Methods: Emulating trial by cohort study using data from the Korea Neonate Network, eligibility criteria were ELBWI diagnosis with sPDA after post-natal age 7days. Exclusion criteria were contraindication for medication. Treatment failure and oxygen needs at post-natal age 28 days were the primary outcome. Mortalities and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) were the secondary outcomes. Binary and multinomial logistic regression with inverse probability treatment and capped weights were used to estimate odds ratio (ORs), adjusted for confounding variables. Survival analysis with Kaplan Meier plots and log rank tests was performed.
Results: A total 272 and 314 patients were included in the non-medication and medication groups. Our findings indicate no significant advantage of medication in terms of PDA closure (p=0.256) or survival rates (p=0.197). Notably, the medication group showed an increased risk of mild BPD (OR 3.311, 95% CI 1.684–6.509).
Conclusions: The study underscores the ineffectiveness of medication for symptomatic PDA closure in ELBWI within real-world clinical settings. Given the lack of benefit and potential for harm, reevaluation of current treatment protocols in neonatal care is recommended to prioritize safer and more effective management strategies.
Advancements in Feature Fusion, Enhancement Techniques, and Loss Function Optimization for Infrared and Visible Light Fusion Using the YOLOv8 Framework
Authors: Xu Wenyuan , Li Shuai , Ji Yongcheng , Li Xiang , Cui Chuang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

To mitigate the parameter increase from integrating infrared data and enhance detection accuracy, this work introduces an advanced fusion framework for visible and infrared thermal imaging. It presents the refined C2fv1k9 module and the MA4CBCA feature enhancement module, leveraging a hybrid attention mechanism. Additionally, the CorAF2n1 feature fusion module, utilizing an attention mechanism, and enhancements to the CIOU loss function's penalty term are proposed. This culminates in conducting experiments and demonstrations using the model yolov8n_f4s2c_m4ca2n1_cdiou5_cdiou5. Relative to the previously examined yolov8n_f4_scaff2_adf model, this model's accuracy improved to 0.924 from 0.885, recall rate to 0.916 from 0.876, and mAP@50–95 significantly increased to 0.728 from 0.711. These enhancements not only underscore the model's superiority in accuracy and reliability but also demonstrate its capacity for delivering exceptional detection performance with minimal computational resources.