bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of organelle DNA degradation mediated by DPD1 exonuclease in the rice genome-edited line
Authors: Islam Md. Faridul , Yamatani Hiroshi , Takami Tsuneaki , Kusaba Makoto , Sakamoto Wataru 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMitochondria and plastids, originated as ancestral endosymbiotic bacteria, contain their own DNA sequences. These organelle DNAs (orgDNAs) are, despite the limited genetic information they contain, an indispensable part of the genetic systems but exist as multiple copies, making up a substantial amount of total cellular DNA. Given this abundance, orgDNA is known to undergo tissue-specific degradation in plants. Previous studies have shown that the exonuclease DPD1, conserved among seed plants, degrades orgDNAs during pollen maturation and leaf senescence in Arabidopsis. However, tissue-specific orgDNA degradation was shown to differ among species. To extend our knowledge, we characterized DPD1 in rice in this study. We created a genome-edited (GE) mutant in which OsDPD1 and OsDPD1-like were inactivated. Characterization of this GE plant demonstrated that DPD1 was involved in pollen orgDNA degradation, whereas it had no significant effect on orgDNA degradation during leaf senescence. Comparison of transcriptomes from wild-type and GE plants with different phosphate supply levels indicated that orgDNA had little impact on the phosphate starvation response, but instead had a global impact in plant growth. In fact, the GE plant showed lower fitness with reduced grain filling rate and grain weight in natural light conditions. Taken together, the presented data reinforce the important physiological roles of orgDNA degradation mediated by DPD1.
Undoing Gendered Identities? Centrality and Meanings of Parental and Work Identities in Semi-Traditional, Equal-Sharing and Role-Reversed Couples
Authors: Gaunt Ruth , Jordan Ana , Wezyk Agata , Pinho Mariana , Tarrant Anna , Chanamuto Nicola 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis mixed-methods study explored the centrality and meanings of men’s and women’s parental and work-related identities by comparing semi-traditional, equal-sharing, and role-reversed couples. Quantitative analysis involved 2,813 British parents (1,380 men, 1,433 women) who were primary caregivers, primary breadwinners, or equal sharers with at least one child aged 11 or under. Qualitative analysis drew on 60 in-depth interviews with 10 couples from each of the three groups. Results indicated that the centrality of parental and work identities varied by role rather than gender, as both male and female caregivers reported less central work identities and more central parental identities compared to breadwinners and equal-sharers. Equal-sharers and role-reversers were characterized by women’s central work identity and men’s low centrality of work identity. In these couples, a `half and half` parenting ideology underlined the construction of mothering and fathering as equivalent interchangeable identities, each forming only one half of a child’s parenting. Intertwining their maternal identity with an equivalent construction of their partners’ identity allowed women to reconcile a good mother ideal with central work identities, by redefining mothering as a responsibility for only half of the caregiving.
Observations of the Polarized Solar Corona During the Annular Eclipse of 14 October 2023
Authors: Seaton Daniel B. , Caspi Amir , Alzate Nathalia , Davis Sarah J. , DeForest Alec R. , DeForest Craig E. , Erickson Nicholas F. , Kovac Sarah A. , Patel Ritesh , Osterman Steven N. , Tosolini Anna , Van Kooten Samuel J. , West Matthew J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe present results of a dual eclipse expedition to observe the solar corona from two sites during the annular solar eclipse of 14 October 2023 using a novel coronagraph designed to be accessible for amateurs and students to build and deploy. The coronagraph (CATEcor) builds on the standardized eclipse observing equipment developed for the Citizen CATE 2024 experiment. The observing sites were selected for likelihood of clear observations, for historic relevance (near the Climax site in the Colorado Rocky Mountains), and for centrality to the annular eclipse path (atop Sandia Peak above Albuquerque, New Mexico). The novel portion of CATEcor is an external occulter assembly that slips over the front of a conventional dioptric telescope, forming a shaded-truss externally occulted coronagraph. CATEcor is specifically designed to be easily constructed in a garage or “makerspace” environment. We successfully observed some bright features in the solar corona to an altitude of approximately 2.25 R⊙ during the annular phases of the eclipse. Future improvements to the design, in progress now, will reduce both stray light and image artifacts; our objective is to develop a design that can be operated successfully by amateur astronomers at sufficient altitude even without the darkened skies of a partial or annular eclipse.
Additives Depletion by Water Contamination and Its Influences on Engine Oil Performance
Authors: Al Sheikh Omar A. , Salehi F. Motamen , Farooq U. , Morina A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWater enters engine oil in different ways and moves in the lubrication system causing an increase in wear, oil degradation and additives depletion. It has been proposed that water in the lubricants can transfer from dissolved to free phase leading to additives depletion in the oil. Different additives in the lubricants can easily latch to water molecules forming reverse micelles. The separation of reverse micelles from the oil causes additives depletion. This experimental and analytical study aims to investigate how the separation of free water above the saturation level can diminish the efficiency of additives in engine oils. The effect of varied levels of water on oil performance and its additives was investigated in this study. A new saturation method was used to determine the water saturation level in engine oil at different temperatures. The results reveal a decrease in additive concentration with increased separation of free water from the oil. Free water separation from engine oil is expected to reclaim the tribological performance, however, the results demonstrate that tribological performance after the separation of free water from the oil has been affected. The study showed not only does the removal of free water diminish the efficiency of additives due to additives depletion (≈ 10 wt%), but also the remaining dissolved water which is ≈ 2600 ppm can also affect wear and tribofilm chemistry. The results prove that two main mechanisms influence oil performance expressed as additives depletion by free water and remaining dissolved water.
High-quality use of representations in the mathematics classroom – a matter of the cultural perspective?
Authors: Dreher Anika , Wang Ting-Ying , Feltes Paul , Hsieh Feng-Jui , Lindmeier Anke 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe teacher’s use of representations is a crucial aspect of instructional quality in mathematics education, given their pivotal role in facilitating mathematics learning. However, in our international research community, perspectives on what constitutes high-quality use of representations may vary. This cross-cultural study aims to explore whether the perspectives from Western literature, emphasizing the importance of explicit connections between symbolic and graphic representations, can be extended legitimately to the East Asian context. Using a situated approach, the study elicited norms of high-quality representation use from researchers in Germany and Taiwan. A total of 31 mathematics education professors from both countries evaluated the use of representations in three secondary mathematics classroom situations presented as text vignettes. The vignettes, designed by the German research team, each depicted a situation where from their perspective, a norm of high-quality representation use, specifically the explicit connection between symbolic and graphic representations, was violated. Qualitative analysis of the researchers' responses revealed that in each situation, at least half of the German researchers expected explicit connections between representations. Conversely, the majority of Taiwanese researchers only expected such connections in one situation, particularly when the graphic representation served as an independent learning objective rather than solely aiding conceptual understanding. These findings indicate easily unnoticed culture-specific differences regarding how a common aspect of instructional quality is expected to unfold in teaching.
The Role of the Artificial Urinary Sphincter in Female Incontinence in 2023: A Literature Update
Authors: Canagasingham A. , Popa I. , Chung A. , Tse V. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
This article provides a brief outline of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) treatments and the use of artificial urinary sphincters for the treatment of female incontinence, drawing from research published over the past decade. Through a review of the contemporary data, we hope to learn more about the efficacy of the artificial urinary sphincter (AUS), success and failure rates, durability, contraindications and comparative advantages over other treatment methods.

Recent Findings
The use of the AUS has become a more popular treatment choice for SUI, with a significant increase in device implantation over the last decade. Technological advancements have allowed the insertion of the device to become more successful and less invasive, leading to greater patient satisfaction overall.

Summary
There is an increasing trend towards the use of female AUS, with alternative techniques being employed to assist in complex patients with multiple previous surgeries. There is a growing database of evidence supporting its use however longer-term studies are needed.
Prognostic value of systemic inflammation response indexes obtained from the complete blood count in patients treated for advanced ovarian carcinoma in front line
Authors: Espinós Jaime , Aramendía José Manuel , González-Martín Antonio , Santisteban Marta , Sánchez Luisa , Vizcay Ángel , Mínguez José Ángel , Alcázar Juan Luis 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Objective
Various systemic inflammation response indexes (SIRI) have repeatedly been described as prognostic factors in ovarian cancer. They have not been validated in prospective trials and published results are sometimes contradictory. We aimed to explore their role in a cohort of patients diagnosed with stage III and IV ovarian cancer treated at our institution.

Methods
We retrospectively examined the prognostic influence of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), the monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), the red cell distribution width (RDW), and the mean platelet volume (MPV).

Results
A total of 77 patients were analyzed. NLR > 2.243 at diagnosis, NLR before primary surgery, MLR at diagnosis, PLR > 289.1 at diagnosis, and PLR at diagnosis were significant in univariate Cox regression for progression-free survival, but none of them retained their significance in the multivariate Cox regression analysis. For overall survival, NLR >  = 2.53 at diagnosis, MLR >  = 0.245 at diagnosis, and PLR >  = 198.3 at diagnosis resulted significant in univariate COX regression; only PLR >  = 198.3 at diagnosis retained its significance in the multivariate analysis.

Conclusion
In our cohort, PLR >  = 198.3 was an independent prognostic factor for worse OS. The definitive role of SIRI in ovarian cancer has not yet been established. If their value as prognostic factors could finally be established, they would become a simple and economical method to predict prognosis in patients with advanced ovarian cancer. Therefore, it is time to conduct prospective, multicenter studies with larger samples to definitively establish its role in ovarian cancer, if any.
Lie algebra classification, conservation laws and invariant solutions for the kind generalization of the Duffing-type equation
Authors: Londoño Oscar , García Danilo , Loaiza Gabriel , Acevedo Yeisson 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper makes significant contributions to the study of a generalized form of the Duffing-type equation. We derive the generating operators of the optimal system associated with this equation, enabling us to characterize an implicit solution. Additionally, we present a complete classification of group symmetries and obtain the Lagrangian for the equation. Our results include the classification of the Lie algebra and the optimal system, providing a thorough understanding of the equation’s underlying structure. These contributions serve to enhance the current body of knowledge on the Duffing-type equation and provide useful insights for future research in this area.
A note on some moduli spaces of Ulrich bundles
Authors: Fania Maria Lucia , Flamini Flaminio 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe prove that the modular component "Equation missing", constructed in the Main Theorem in Fania and Flamini (Adv Math 436:109409, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aim.2023.109409), of Ulrich vector bundles of rank r and given Chern classes, on suitable threefold scrolls $$X_e$$

X
e

over Hirzebruch surfaces $${\mathbb {F}}_{e\ge 0}$$

F

e
≥
0

, which arise as tautological embeddings of projectivization of very-ample vector bundles on $${\mathbb {F}}_e$$

F
e

, is generically smooth, irreducible and unirational. A stronger result holds for the suitable associated moduli space "Equation missing" of vector bundles of rank r and given Chern classes on $${\mathbb {F}}_e$$

F
e

, Ulrich w.r.t. the very ample polarization "Equation missing" which turns out to be generically smooth, irreducible and unirational.
A comprehensive analysis of GAS2 family members identifies that GAS2L1 is a novel biomarker and promotes the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Xu Ying-Ying , Bai Ru-Xue , Zhang Qing-Rui , Zhang Shuang , Zhang Jun-Hai , Du Shi-Yu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common primary liver cancer with a high incidence and mortality. Members of the growth-arresting-specific 2 (GAS2) family are involved in various biological processes in human malignancies. To date, there is only a limited amount of information available about the expression profile and clinical importance of GAS2 family in HCC. In this study, we found that GAS2L1 and GAS2L3 were distinctly upregulated in HCC specimens compared to non-tumor specimens. Pan-cancer assays indicated that GAS2L1 and GAS2L3 were highly expressed in most cancers. The Pearson’s correlation revealed that the expressions of GAS2, GAS2L1 and GAS2L2 were negatively associated with methylation levels. Survival assays indicated that GAS2L1 and GAS2L3 were independent prognostic factors for HCC patients. Immune cell infiltration analysis revealed that GAS2, GAS2L1 and GAS2L3 were associated with several immune cells. Finally, we confirmed that GAS2L1 was highly expressed in HCC cells and its knockdown suppressed the proliferation of HCC cells. Taken together, our findings suggested the expression patterns and prognostic values of GAS2 members in HCC, providing insights for further study of the GAS2 family as sensitive diagnostic and prognostic markers for HCC.
Toward efficient resource utilization at edge nodes in federated learning
Authors: Alawadi Sadi , Ait-Mlouk Addi , Toor Salman , Hellander Andreas 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFederated learning (FL) enables edge nodes to collaboratively contribute to constructing a global model without sharing their data. This is accomplished by devices computing local, private model updates that are then aggregated by a server. However, computational resource constraints and network communication can become a severe bottleneck for larger model sizes typical for deep learning (DL) applications. Edge nodes tend to have limited hardware resources (RAM, CPU), and the network bandwidth and reliability at the edge is a concern for scaling federated fleet applications. In this paper, we propose and evaluate a FL strategy inspired by transfer learning in order to reduce resource utilization on devices, as well as the load on the server and network in each global training round. For each local model update, we randomly select layers to train, freezing the remaining part of the model. In doing so, we can reduce both server load and communication costs per round by excluding all untrained layer weights from being transferred to the server. The goal of this study is to empirically explore the potential trade-off between resource utilization on devices and global model convergence under the proposed strategy. We implement the approach using the FL framework FEDn. A number of experiments were carried out over different datasets (CIFAR-10, CASA, and IMDB), performing different tasks using different DL model architectures. Our results show that training the model partially can accelerate the training process, efficiently utilizes resources on-device, and reduce the data transmission by around 75% and 53% when we train 25%, and 50% of the model layers, respectively, without harming the resulting global model accuracy. Furthermore, our results demonstrate a negative correlation between the number of participating clients in the training process and the number of layers that need to be trained on each client’s side. As the number of clients increases, there is a decrease in the required number of layers. This observation highlights the potential of the approach, particularly in cross-device use cases.
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of aortic prosthetic valve endocarditis: comparison between transcatheter and surgical bioprostheses
Authors: Jerónimo Adrián , Olmos Carmen , Zulet Pablo , Gómez-Ramírez Daniel , Anguita Manuel , Carlos Castillo Juan , Escrihuela-Vidal Francesc , Cuervo Guillermo , Calderón-Parra Jorge , Ramos Antonio , Cabezón Gonzalo , Álvarez Rodríguez Jesús , Pulido Paloma , de Miguel-Álava María , Sáez Carmen , López Javier , Vilacosta Isidre , San Román J. Alberto 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Most data regarding infective endocarditis (IE) after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) comes from TAVI registries, rather than IE dedicated cohorts. The objective of our study was to compare the clinical and microbiological profile, imaging features and outcomes of patients with IE after SAVR with a biological prosthetic valve (IE-SAVR) and IE after TAVI (IE-TAVI) from 6 centres with an Endocarditis Team (ET) and broad experience in IE.

Methods
Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data. From the time of first TAVI implantation in each centre to March 2021, all consecutive patients admitted for IE-SAVR or IE-TAVI were prospectively enrolled. Follow-up was monitored during admission and at 12 months after discharge.

Results
169 patients with IE-SAVR and 41 with IE-TAVI were analysed. Early episodes were more frequent among IE-TAVI. Clinical course during hospitalization was similar in both groups, except for a higher incidence of atrioventricular block in IE-SAVR. The most frequently causative microorganisms were S. epidermidis, Enterococcus spp. and S. aureus in both groups. Periannular complications were more frequent in IE-SAVR. Cardiac surgery was performed in 53.6% of IE-SAVR and 7.3% of IE-TAVI (p=0.001), despite up to 54.8% of IE-TAVI patients had an indication. No differences were observed about death during hospitalization (32.7% vs 35.0%), and at 1-year follow-up (41.8% vs 37.5%), regardless of whether the patient underwent surgery or not.

Conclusion
Patients with IE-TAVI had a higher incidence of early prosthetic valve IE. Compared to IE-SAVR, IE-TAVI patients underwent cardiac surgery much less frequently, despite having surgical indications. However, in-hospital and 1-year mortality rate was similar between both groups.
Mild cognitive impairment predicts the onset of Sarcopenia: a longitudinal analysis from the English Longitudinal Study on Ageing
Authors: Ragusa Francesco Saverio , Veronese Nicola , Vernuccio Laura , Dominguez Ligia J , Smith Lee , Bolzetta Francesco , Koyanagi Ai , Monastero Roberto , Barbagallo Mario 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and sarcopenia are two common conditions in older people. It is not widely known if MCI could predict the onset of sarcopenia. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether MCI could predict the occurrence of sarcopenia in a population of older adults.

Methods
In the ELSA (English Longitudinal Study on Ageing), MCI was defined as the absence of dementia, preserved functional capacity and low performance in three objective cognitive tests. Sarcopenia was diagnosed as having low handgrip strength and low skeletal muscle mass index during follow-up. The longitudinal association between MCI at the baseline and incident sarcopenia was assessed using a multivariable logistic regression model, reporting the data as adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI).

Results
3,106 participants (mean age of 63.1 years; 55.3% males) were included. People with MCI reported significantly lower mean handgrip strength values and Skeletal Mass Index (SMI), as well as a higher prevalence of obesity at baseline. At baseline, 729 people had MCI and during the ten years follow-up period, 12.1% of the initial population included had sarcopenia. On multivariate analysis, adjusted for 18 potential confounders, the presence of MCI (OR = 1.236; 95%CI: 1.090–1.596, p = 0.01) significantly predicted the onset of sarcopenia during follow-up.

Conclusion
The presence of MCI at baseline was associated with a higher incidence of sarcopenia at ten-years follow-up, demonstrating a likely role of MCI as a predictor of the onset of sarcopenia in older people.
Self-Defence As Remedial Self-Determination: Continuity in Russian Narratives to Justify Imperialism and the Use of Force
Authors: Pelliconi Andrea Maria 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe principle of self-determination is at the centre of the Russian Federation’s (Russia’s) ‘justifications’ for using force against Ukraine and supporting the separatist entities in its eastern provinces, as demonstrated by official statements of Russia’s representatives and the oral and written submissions to the inter-state proceedings on the application of the Genocide Convention before the International Court of Justice (Ukraine v. Russia). In particular, Russia construes self-defence as an exercise of remedial self-determination, supporting territorial separation and the creation of satellite states or their annexation by the Federation. This is in continuity with Russia’s policies and argumentations utilised in other contexts such as Crimea, Abkhazia and South Ossetia. These cases differ in their context and history but share the same remedial approach to external self-determination as a purported justification to use force. This is also in partial continuity with the tradition of Soviet approaches to self-determination. Like other states’ self-indulgent ‘exceptionalism’ in international law, Russia’s cherry-picking application of self-determination reveals its instrumental usage to camouflage imperialistic aggression and expansionistic ambitions.