bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of acceptance and commitment therapy‐based interventions on mental health and cognitive impairment for patients with advanced colorectal cancer
Authors: Ali Eman Abdeen , Khedr Mahmoud Abdelwahab , Alabdullah Amany Anwar Saeed , Farghaly Abdelaliem Sally Mohammed , El‐Ashry Ayman Mohamed 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe mental and emotional health of persons diagnosed with cancer is frequently affected. The acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) is one of the psychological interventions that has proven successful in easing these psychological symptoms and enhancing cancer patients' psychological well‐being.MethodsA two‐arm randomized controlled trial study was utilized, 30 eligible clients with colorectal cancer were chosen randomly and were given ACT therapy at a 1:1 ratio. ACT was delivered in six sessions for 3 weeks, followed by 3 months follow‐up.ResultsThe table shows a statistically significant increase in the mean scores of the mental health and its flourishing level among the study group than those of the control group. Cognitive impairment was significantly decreased among the study group than for those in the control group.ConclusionThe ACT‐based interventions may be a promising approach for improving mental health and cognitive function in cancer patients, particularly those with advanced disease.
Copresent jurisdictions: Spirits, theopolitics, and the rise of Akan spirituality in the United States
Authors: Coyle Rosen Lauren 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAkan spirituality, originally from Ghana, has risen in popularity in the United States since the 1960s and recently has expanded, as shrine houses grow. Akan spiritualists promote reconnecting to ancestors and spiritualists in Ghana, and they offer spiritual avenues for pursuing healing and justice, particularly for African Americans and other diasporic Africans. This article draws on extensive collaborative ethnographic research with a prominent shrine house in Maryland and its ties to a key shrine in Larteh, Ghana. It foregrounds two elder priestesses, focusing on their spiritual governance and work in the realms of healing, adjudication, policing, and protection. They serve in these ways within their spiritual communities and sometimes alongside or with state institutions, or as an antidote to them. This article advances a new concept called copresent jurisdictions—here, defined as Akan spiritual assemblages ofAbosom(exalted spirits), ancestors, priestesses, priests, and spiritualists who operate with their own spiritual laws and authorities within their sacred communities and in relation to state institutions. It argues that these copresent jurisdictions offer alternative pathways of law, politics, spirituality, and justice within the contexts of imperiled democratic orders. Copresent jurisdictions expand current theoretical debates over theopolitics, postjuristocratic transitions, cosmopolitical assemblages, and transnational copresences.
Exploring Synergistic Effects of Levan and Levan‐MetabolizingBacillaceae in Promoting Growth and Enhancing Immunity of Tomato and Wheat
Authors: Jiao Jiao , Tran‐Minh Trang , Nasir Anam , Guo Qinggang , Stülke Jörg , Visnapuu Triinu , De Zutter Noémie , De Coninck Barbara , Van den Ende Wim 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBoosting plant immunity by priming agents can lower agrochemical dependency in plant production. Levan and levan‐derived oligosaccharides (LOS) act as priming agents against biotic stress in several crops. Additionally, beneficial microbes can promote plant growth and protect against fungal diseases. This study assessed possible synergistic effects caused by levan, LOS and five levan‐ and LOS‐metabolizing Bacillaceae (Bacillus and Priestia) strains in tomato and wheat. Leaf and seed defense priming assays were conducted in non‐soil (semi‐sterile substrate) and soil‐based systems, focusing on tomato‐Botrytis cinerea and wheat‐Magnaporthe oryzae Triticum (MoT) pathosystems. In the non‐soil system, seed defense priming with levan, the strains (especially Bacillus velezensis GA1), or their combination significantly promoted tomato growth and protection against B. cinerea. While no growth stimulatory effects were observed for wheat, disease protective effects were also observed in the wheat‐MoT pathosystem. When grown in soil and subjected to leaf defense priming, tomato plants co‐applied with levan and the bacterial strains showed increased resistance to B. cinerea compared with plants treated with levan or single strains, and these effects were synergistic in some cases. For seed defense priming in soil, more synergistic effects on disease tolerance were observed in a non‐fertilized soil as compared to a fertilized soil, suggesting that potential prebiotic effects of levan are more prominent in poor soils. The potential of using combinations of Bacilliaceae and levan in sustainable agriculture is discussed.
Association between workplace interpersonal relationships and psychological distress among care workers at elder care facilities
Authors: Takeda Shinya , Fukuzaki Toshiki 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundAs the number of older people requiring care continues to increase across the globe, maintaining care workers' mental health is an important task for all countries. This study examines the association between interpersonal relationships at work and psychological distress among care workers at elder care facilities in Japan.MethodsThis study was a secondary data analysis of cross‐sectional data. There were 406 participants who were analyzed. Questions consisted of demographic variables, psychological distress, interpersonal problems in the workplace, and intention to improve interpersonal relationships. Psychological distress was evaluated using the Japanese version of the K6 scale. Factors related to psychological distress were identified by logistic regression analysis.ResultsPrevalence of psychological distress was 53.2%. Care workers experiencing interpersonal problems in the workplace were 5.95 (95% CI: 3.82–9.43) times more likely to experience psychological distress than care workers without such problems. Moreover, those who displayed an intention to improve their interpersonal relationships were 0.33 times (95% CI: 0.15–0.71) less likely to experience psychological distress than those who did not.ConclusionsThis study found there is a strong association between workplace interpersonal relationships and psychological distress among care workers at elder care facilities. Therefore, experiencing interpersonal problems in the workplace may be a risk factor for psychological distress, and displaying an intention to improve one's interpersonal relationships may attenuate psychological distress.
Association between serum mineral levels and reproductive performance in primiparous dairy cows during the peripartum period
Authors: Muiño Rodrigo , Castillo Cristina , Hernandez Joaquín , Yeste Marc , Benedito José L. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTo the best of the authors' knowledge, no study has previously investigated whether the concentration of minerals is related to reproductive outcomes in primiparous cows. For this reason, two objectives were set in the present study: (i) to assess serum mineral levels, macrominerals, and trace elements during the transition period (period of high nutritional requirements) in primiparous cows, considering reproductive efficiency, and (ii) to address if the serum mineral levels of primiparous cows are related to reproductive efficiency. Blood samples were taken (i) one month before calving, (ii) one week before calving, (iii) one week postpartum, and (iv) one month postpartum. At the beginning and the end of the study, a body condition score (BCS) was assigned to each lactating cow with no clinical signs of disease. The difference between one month before and one month after calving was the body condition loss (ΔBCS). Optimal prepartum concentrations of K and Cl were associated with fewer days open and a shorter interval calving. Furthermore, macrominerals in the serum decreased immediately after calving (one week) but recovered at one month postpartum. In contrast, the highest concentration of trace elements was found at one week postpartum. Primiparous cows with higher postpartum Se, Mn, Co, and Mo concentrations exhibited better reproductive efficiency, and the concentrations of trace elements in serum were correlated with interval calving and the number of inseminations. Finally, primiparous cows with a greater ΔBCS (at least one point) in period 4 exhibited both a longer calving interval and a greater number of days open. In summary, this study showed, for the first time in primiparous cows, that the concentration of some serum minerals not only plays a crucial role during the transition period but is also related to crucial reproductive parameters, such as interval calving and days open.
The relevance and accuracy of an AI algorithm‐based descriptor on 23 facial attributes in a diverse female US population
Authors: Yu Zhi , Flament Frederic , Jiang Ruowei , Houghton Jeff , Kroely Camille , Cabut Nathalie , Haykal Diala , Sehgal Cassidy , Jablonski Nina G , Jean Aurelie , Aarabi Parham 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe response of AI in situations that mimic real life scenarios is poorly explored in populations of high diversity.ObjectiveTo assess the accuracy and validate the relevance of an automated, algorithm‐based analysis geared toward facial attributes devoted to the adornment routines of women.MethodsIn a cross‐sectional study, two diversified groups presenting similar distributions such as age, ancestry, skin phototype, and geographical location was created from the selfie images of 1041 female in a US population. 521 images were analyzed as part of a new training dataset aimed to improve the original algorithm and 520 were aimed to validate the performance of the AI. From a total 23 facial attributes (16 continuous and 7 categorical), all images were analyzed by 24 make‐up experts and by the automated descriptor tool.ResultsFor all facial attributes, the new and the original automated tool both surpassed the grading of the experts on a diverse population of women. For the 16 continuous attributes, the gradings obtained by the new system strongly correlated with the assessment made by make‐up experts (r ≥ 0.80; p < 0.0001) and supported by a low error rate. For the seven categorical attributes, the overall accuracy of the AI‐facial descriptor was improved via enrichment of the training dataset. However, some weaker performance in spotting specific facial attributes were noted.ConclusionIn conclusion, the AI‐automatic facial descriptor tool was deemed accurate for analysis of facial attributes for diverse women although some skin complexion, eye color, and hair features required some further finetuning.
Optimizing chickpea growth: Unveiling the interplay of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobium for sustainable agriculture
Authors: Yonas Muhammad Waqas , Zawar Shoaib 
Published: May 2024

AbstractArbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are beneficial root symbionts that form mutual partnerships with approximately 90% of plants. They provide water, nutrients, and protection from stresses while receiving photosynthetic products from the host plants. These fungi are essential components of the soil ecosystem, and their absence or decline can negatively impact ecosystem efficiency. In chickpea cultivation, the interaction between AMF and rhizobium is vital for soil processes and plant productivity. Alongside other beneficial microorganisms in the rhizosphere, they enhance the acquisition of essential nutrients like nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), promoting chickpea growth and development. These interactions are particularly crucial in low‐input, eco‐friendly agricultural systems that rely on biological processes to sustain soil quality and productivity without heavy use of agrochemicals. The combination of root nodules' N‐fixation and AMF synergism also improves plant P nutrition and stimulates the proliferation of phosphate‐solubilizing fungi. However, genetic diversity among native strains and their genes/enzymes can influence the interactions between AMF and rhizobium. To achieve sustainable chickpea production, it is crucial to gain a deeper understanding of these interactions, allowing optimized combinations of microorganisms to be used as effective soil inoculants for promoting plant growth and fitness. This review aims to provide insights into the mechanistic interactions of AMF and rhizobium, their impact on rhizosphere soil health, and the role of environmental factors in regulating chickpea productivity and sustainability.
Unraveling the relationship between coastal landscapes and sentiments: An integrated approach based on social media data and interpretable machine learning methods
Authors: Cao Haojie , Weng Min , Kang Mengjun , Su Shiliang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCoastal landscapes exert a significant impact on the human sentimental perceptions and physical and mental well‐being of people. However, little is known about explicitly linking between the landscape characteristics and people's sentimental preferences expressed in social media data. The main objective of this study was to explore the nonlinear and interaction effects of key factors that influenced sentiments in the coastal areas of Hong Kong, considering both subjective landscape preferences and objective landscape patterns. We quantified users' sentiment polarity based on the crowdsourcing textual data of Flickr. To study users' subjective landscape preferences, we computed various visual landscape objects' proportion in images. Meanwhile, eight user clusters and nine image clusters were detected by the identified visual object labels. We quantified objective landscape patterns considering the land use pattens and the availability of public service facilities. Finally, we utilized an interpretable classification model to analyze the factors that may affect sentiments and their interplay interactions. We found that ecotourism‐related clusters exhibited the most positive sentiment. The proportion of floor and sky pixels in images exhibits the highest global relative importance when predicting sentiments. This study extends a new insight on the relationship between landscape characteristics and sentiments from both subjective and objective perspectives based on social media data and interpretable machine learning methods. This research may help decision‐makers in designing landscapes that aptly satisfy to the needs of the public and promote sustainable management of the coastal environment.
Molecular insights into expression and silencing of resistance determinants in Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Ijaz Muhammad , Sabir Muhammad Jawad , Javed Muhammad Umar , Ahmed Arslan , Rasheed Hamza , Jabir Ali Abdullah 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the status of antimicrobial‐resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus in Pakistan, their association in terms of co‐occurrence with the biofilm‐forming genes, resistance profiling and associated discrepancies in diagnostic methods.MethodologyA total of 384 milk samples from bovine was collected by using convenient sampling technique and were initially screened for subclinical mastitis, further preceded by isolation and confirmation of S. aureus. The S. aureus isolates were subjected to evaluation of antimicrobial resistance by phenotypic identification using Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method, while the genotypic estimation was done by polymerase chain reaction to declare isolates as methicillin, beta‐lactam, vancomycin, tetracycline, and aminoglycoside resistant S. aureus (MRSA, BRSA, VRSA, TRSA, and ARSA), respectively.ResultsThe current study revealed an overall prevalence of subclinical mastitis and S. aureus to be 59.11% and 46.69%, respectively. On a phenotypic basis, the prevalence of MRSA, BRSA, VRSA, TRSA, and ARSA was found to be 44.33%, 58.49%, 20.75%, 35.84%, and 30.18%, respectively. The results of PCR analysis showed that 46.80% of the tested isolates were declared as MRSA, 37.09% as BRSA, and 36.36% as VRSA, while the occurrence of TRSA and ARSA was observed in 26.31% and 18.75%, respectively. The current study also reported the existence of biofilm‐producing genes (icaA and icaD) in 49.06% and 40.57% isolates, respectively. Lastly, this study also reported a high incidence of discrepancies for both genotypic and phenotypic identification methods of resistance evaluation, with the highest discrepancy ratio for the accA‐aphD gene, followed by tetK, vanB, blaZ, and mecA genes.ConclusionThe study concluded that different antibiotic resistance strains of S. aureus are prevalent in study districts with high potential to transmit between human populations. The study also determined that there are multiple resistance determinants and mechanisms that are responsible for the silencing and expression of antibiotic resistance genes.
Evaluation of nutritional status using the minimum dietary diversity for women of reproductive age (MDD‐W) tool in breastfeeding mothers in Madagascar
Authors: Rotella Rosita , Soriano José M. , Peraita‐Costa Isabel , Llopis‐González Agustín , Morales‐Suarez‐Varela María 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectivesWomen of reproductive age in low‐income countries are especially nutritionally vulnerable given the strain that pregnancy and lactation places on the body. The aim of this study was to identify dietary diversity and its associated factors among mothers with young children.MethodsIt is a cross‐sectional study conducted in Ampefy, Madagascar from 1 November 2022 to 31 March 2023. Dietary diversity was determined using the minimum dietary diversity for women of reproductive age tool. Data were collected through face‐to‐face interviews using validated structured questionnaires, and anthropometric status was examined. Frequencies and percentages were calculated, and the comparison of variables was performed between mothers with acceptable and unacceptable dietary diversity using the chi‐square test for qualitative variables. A logistic regression analysis was also conducted.ResultsA total of 437 mothers with young children participated in the study, resulting in a response rate of 95.0%. The mean age of the participants was 25.84 years (SD = 6.30). The study revealed that 32.95% of participants had unacceptable dietary diversity scores and the associated profile included low education, no transport, homebirth not by personal choice, not breastfeeding within the first hour of birth, not breastfeed exclusively for 6 months, no dietary changes during pregnancy or lactation, and no use of folic acid supplements.ConclusionThis study's findings underscore the importance of providing nutrition information to women, in order to improve dietary diversity and overall maternal and child health.
In vivo genotoxicity assessment of N‐(‐9 acridinyl)‐b‐alanine hydrochloride (S‐300) using a validated Pig‐a mutagenesis assay
Authors: North Anne , Ling Katherine , Ricaud Guillaume , Stankowski Leon F. , Daly Jennifer A. , Bentow Stanley , Corash Laurence , Benjamin Richard J. , Mufti Nina 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundN‐(‐9 acridinyl)‐b‐alanine hydrochloride (S‐300) is the main byproduct of red blood cell (RBC) amustaline/glutathione(GSH) pathogen reduction, currently undergoing phase III US clinical trials following successful European studies(1–3). Phosphatidylinositol glycan, class A (Pig‐a) X‐linked gene mutagenesis is a validated mammalian in vivo mutation assay for genotoxicity, assessed as clonal loss of glycosylphosphatidylinositol‐linked CD59 cell‐surface molecules on reticulocytes (RETs) and RBCs.MethodsMale Sprague–Dawley rats received continuous infusion of S‐300 up to the maximum feasible dose (240 mg/kg/day—limited by solubility and volume) for 28 days. Positive controls received a known mutagen by oral gavage on Days 1–3. Plasma levels of S‐300 were assessed by HPLC before, during and after infusion. CD59‐negative RBCs and RETs were enumerated in pre‐dose and Day 28 samples, using a flow cytometric method. Outcome was evaluated by predetermined criteria using concurrent and historical controls. Toxicity was assessed by laboratory measures and necropsy.ResultsS‐300 reached maximum, dose‐dependent levels (3–15 μmol/L) within 2–8 h that were sustained for 672 h and undetectable 2 h after infusion. Circulating RET levels indicated a lack of hematopoietic toxicity. Necropsy revealed minimal‐mild observations related to poor S‐300 solubility at high concentrations. Pig‐a assessment met the preset acceptability criteria and revealed no increase in mutant RBCs or RETs.ConclusionsMaximum feasible S‐300 exposure of rats by continuous infusion for 28 days was not genotoxic as assessed by an Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development‐compliant, mammalian, in vivo Pig‐a gene mutation assay that meets the requirements of International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) S2(R1) and FDA guidances on genotoxicity testing.
Promoting Cognitive Engagement using Technology Enhanced Book-End Method in Online Active Learning Strategies
Authors: Azizan Mohammad Tazli 
Published: May 2024

This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of active learning methodologies and technology tools in enhancing cognitive engagement among students in an online learning environment. Traditional teaching methods may not be sufficient to be replicated to engage students in online learning, which may lead to lower levels of cognitive engagement and reduced learning outcomes. Thus, it is essential to explore how technology tools and active learning strategy can be used to enhance cognitive engagement in online learning. This study involves the implementation of book-end method in active learning strategy and the adoption of technology tools such as Mentimeter, Padlet, Zoom or Microsoft Teams with breakout function and Canva in online classes. The theory of constructive alignment, how people learn (HPL) framework and scaffolding strategies are employed to ensure a seamless harmony between the provided activities and assessments. The students had to reflect their experience in this online learning classes and thematic analysis was conducted deductively using pre-determined themes based on cognitive engagement theory to analyse whether the students were cognitively engaged during the online lessons. The findings of this study indicate that book-end approach in active learning using higher order thinking skills activities and technology tools can significantly enhance cognitive engagement among students in online learning. The use of recaps infused with Mentimeter and breakout sessions powered by Zoom or MS Teams and Canva as the intermittent discussions tools, contribute to improved cognitive engagement. In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of using active learning methodologies and technology tools to enhance cognitive engagement in online learning. The findings suggest that educators should incorporate these tools and methodologies into their teaching practices to improve learning outcomes in online classes.