bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and Safety of Catheter Interventions for Postoperative Urinary Retention After Primary Hip and Knee Total Joint Arthroplasty
Authors: Evans William S. , Ziemba-Davis Mary , Buller Leonard T. , Meneghini R. Michael 
Published: May 2024

Introduction:
Postoperative urinary retention (POUR) is a common barrier to rapid-discharge hip and knee total joint arthroplasty (TJA). We evaluated the efficacy and safety of catheterization intervention methods for POUR before and after discharge.

Methods:
A total of 1,659 primary TJAs were retrospectively reviewed. POUR resolutions before and after discharge were evaluated relative to catheterization type and other covariates. Complications before and within 90 days of discharge were quantified. A total of 113 POUR cases comprised the analysis sample of 76 hips and 37 knees in 51 women and 62 men with an average age and body mass index of 68.6 (range 22 to 92) years and 31.7 (range 16 to 49) kg/m2.

Results:
POUR resolved before discharge for 82.3% (93/113) of patients, with equivalent resolution rates for intermittent catheterization alone (84.2%, 32/38) compared with indwelling catheterization with or without intermittent catheterization (82.6%, 57/69, P < 0.999), equivalent time to resolution (P = 0.319), and no difference in complication rates (P = 0.999). Complication rates within 90 days of discharge were higher for patients treated with indwelling catheters before discharge (P = 0.049). Resolution before discharge was more likely with increasing body mass index (P = 0.026) and less likely for patients with a history of urinary retention (P = 0.033). 60 percent (12/20) of patients with unresolved POUR were discharged with self-intermittent catheterization and 40% (8/20) with indwelling catheters, with no differences in efficacy and safety based on the catheterization type (P = 0.109).

Discussion:
Before discharge, we observed equivalent resolution rates and equivalent time to resolution for indwelling and intermittent catheterization alone without compromising patient safety. Intermittent catheterization is favored, however, because in situ catheter exposure is dramatically reduced and postdischarge complication rates are lower. Additional research is needed to develop evidence-based POUR guidelines for outpatient TJA.
Стратегічні напрями розвитку туристичного бізнесу України
Authors: Карий О. І. , Стрільчук Р. М. , Кисельов О. А. 
Published: May 2024

Метою статті визначено формування стратегічних напрямів розвитку туристичного бізнесу України. Обґрунтовано, що важливим фактором успішного розвитку туристичного бізнесу є ефективне використання стратегічного потенціалу, зокрема соціокультурного потенціалу та людського капіталу. Акцентовано, що стратегічний потенціал задає вектори розвитку та встановлює шляхи мобілізації необхідних ресурсів людського та соціокультурного потенціалу. Водночас, Каталізатор перетворень в туристичному бізнесі є впроваджена стратегія для подальшого розвитку соціокультурного потенціалу, де центральне місце займає людський капітал. Формування та розвиток виняткових, своєрідних продуктів туристичного бізнесу в Україні має прямий взаємозв’язок із виробленими конкурентними перевагами цього виду бізнесу та поступом соціокультурного потенціалу. Запропоновано схему взаємозв’язку стратегічного, соціокультурного потенціалу та людського капіталу в туристичному бізнесі України. Взаємозалежність поміж усіма цими компонентами є активним, постійно еволюціонуючим процесом. Акцентовано на тому, що взаємодія між компонентами постійно змінюється та адаптується до нових умов і обставин. Кожен компонент впливає на інші, і ці впливи є безперервними та можуть змінюватися з часом. Таким чином, взаємозв’язку стратегічного, соціокультурного потенціалу та людського капіталу в туристичному бізнесі відображає складність та багатогранність взаємодій у реальному світі. Виділено підходи до формування та розвиту стратегічного потенціалу в туристичному бізнесі України в умовах війни, що є важливим завданням для забезпечення стійкості та розвитку сфери туризму: диверсифікація продукту, маркетингова стратегія, підтримка малого та середнього бізнесу, створення безпечного туристичного середовища, розвиток інфраструктури, розвиток громадського сектору. Запропоновано заходи для реалізації стратегічного потенціалу, включаючи людський капітал та соціокультурний потенціал, які є виключно вагомими завдяки необхідності ефективного реагування на складні ситуації та забезпечення стійкості туристичного бізнесу України в умовах війни: розвиток кризового менеджменту, навчання та розвиток персоналу, створення мережевих зв’язків, розширення ринків збуту, підтримка місцевого населення. Розвиток персоналу в сучасних умовах має включати: навчання з кризового управління, комунікаційним навичкам, культурної чутливості, особливості надання послуг в туристичній сфері.
The Jurisdictional Conflict Between Regional Trade Agreements and the World Trade Organisation
Authors: Alajmi Abdulmohsen 
Published: May 2024

The number of regional trade agreements (RTAs) between countries has significantly increased over the past few decades. RTAs may include rights and obligations that are parallel to those of the Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization 1994 (Marrakesh Agreement). They may also provide for their own dispute settlement mechanism that is different from the WTO Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes (DSU). This forum clause allows parties to both RTAs and the WTO to litigate their dispute outside the DSU. This article addresses the issue of jurisdictional conflict between the RTAs and the WTO dispute mechanism over a claim that is violative of both the WTO’s and RTA’s obligations. The main question this article answers is whether it is possible for the forum clause incorporated in RTAs to divest the jurisdiction of the WTO if invoked during the proceeding. This article analyses several cases and RTAs involving a choice of forum clause before the WTO panel. This paper examines different legal principles to find a legal justification to reconcile the jurisdictional scope of both RTAs and the WTO agreements. As current international legal principles do not offer an effective solution, this paper suggests that the DSU should be amended to provide a set of rules governing the conflict between the RTAs and WTO jurisdictions.
Desordens patomecânicas relacionadas ao desenvolvimento da condromalácia patelar: uma revisão descritiva
Authors: Leal Leon Claudio Pinheiro , Sena Jean Sávio Costa , Siqueira Eduarda Monnicke Soares Hesketh , Silva Carlos Eduardo Silva da , Rocha Renan Wallace Guimarães da , Sousa Smayk Barbosa , Farias Alexandre Maia de 
Published: May 2024

A condromalácia patelar (CMP) tem como característica lesões crônico-degenerativas na articulação patelofemoral, que podem ser causadas por traumas ou alterações na translação patelofemoral induzidas por incompatibilidade anatômica ou desordens patomecânicas nas cadeias cinemáticas de membros inferiores. Estas desordens promovem cargas mecânicas anormais sobre a articulação patelofemoral corroborando com o desenvolvimento de lesões nas superfícies osteocondrais, por isso devem ser observadas para correção com protocolo de exercícios. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma revisão descritiva das desordens musculoarticulares que influenciam para o mal rastreamento patelar e podem induzir o desenvolvimento da CMP. Para tanto, foram coletados estudos publicados nos últimos 15 anos utilizando-se os descritores “condromalácia patelar”, “dor femoropatelar”, “desordens femoropatelares”, “condropatia femoropatelar” na base de dados do PubMed. Ao final foram coletados 31 estudos, discutidos de acordo com a desordem indutora de problema patelofemoral. Os resultados mostraram que problemas relacionados déficits de força nos músculos extensores, abdutores e rotadores internos da articulação coxofemoral; aumento do ângulo Q acima da normalidade em atividades dinâmicas; desequilíbrio de forças entre o vasto medial e o vasto lateral; e a tensão excessiva no retináculo lateral do joelho parecem ter relação com o desenvolvimento de problemas patelofemorais, incluindo a CMP.
Cloreto de cálcio em abacates (Persea americana M.): impacto na qualidade pós-colheita durante o armazenamento refrigerado
Authors: Silva Gabriel de Siqueira , Cunha Nathan Mickael de Bessa , Gonçalves Laura Cardoso , Oliveira Aryane Ribeiro , Morgado Cristiane Maria Ascari , Campos André José de 
Published: May 2024

O abacate (Persea americana M.), fruta oleaginosa climatérica, possui considerável qualidade nutritiva, no entanto, prolongar sua vida útil é um dos fatores cruciais para aumentar a sua comercialização. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos da aplicação pós-colheita de cloreto de cálcio em abacate “Breda” armazenado sob refrigeração, e avaliar as características de qualidade dos frutos durante o armazenamento refrigerado. Foi utilizado um delineamento inteiramente casualizado (DIC), com 4 tratamentos de cloreto de cálcio (CaCl2), sendo o controle somente com água destilada (T1) e o restante com 1% (p/v) (T2), 2% (p/v) (T3) e 3% (p/v) de CaCl2 (T4). Os frutos foram armazenados à 10 ± 0,18°C com umidade relativa de 60 ± 4,73%. As variáveis analisadas foram submetidas à análise de variância (p≤0,05) e, quando significativas, as médias foram avaliadas por regressão. Os resultados mostraram que a utilização de 3,0% CaCl2 proporcionou aumento nos valores de luminosidade e croma nos frutos. No entanto, essa melhoria da aparência foi acompanhada por aumento na perda de massa (7,950 e 8,99%), sendo proporcional à concentração de cloreto de cálcio aplicada. Além disso, em relação as doses empregadas, observou-se redução da acidez com o aumento da concentração de CaCl2, com 0,115% (1% CaCl2) a 0,103% (3% CaCl2). O pH e a firmeza também foram afetadas ao longo do armazenamento. Essas descobertas ampliam o entendimento do manejo pós-colheita do abacate, oferecendo insights importantes para produtores e profissionais da indústria, com o objetivo de aprimorar a qualidade e a comercialização dessa fruta climatérica.
A FUNÇÃO DO DIÓXIDO DE CARBONO NA LESÃO CEREBRAL AGUDA: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Silva Diego Ferreira da , Alves Daniella Rodrigues , Alves Rubens Paulo , Barros Luciana Marques de , Macedo Caren Ingrid Silva , Gomes Juliana Braga , Souza Margarete Gonçalves de , Rocha Patrícia de Sousa , Batista Cleiton França 
Published: May 2024

Introdução: O dióxido de carbono (CO2) é um componente fundamental da atmosfera terrestre, envolvido em processos vitais e industriais. Sua regulação é crucial tanto em contextos ambientais quanto fisiológicos, especialmente considerando seu papel nos mecanismos de lesão e proteção cerebral. Objetivo: Analisar os efeitos da hipercapnia e hipocapnia no sistema nervoso central (SNC) em pacientes com lesões cerebrais agudas, investigando o potencial neuroprotetor do CO2 e outros efeitos ainda desconhecidos em contextos de lesão cerebral. Método: A pesquisa constitui uma revisão sistemática, abordando os efeitos da hipercapnia e hipocapnia em lesões cerebrais agudas. A coleta de dados foi realizada em bases de dados como MEDLINE/Pubmed, LILACS, CINAHL, WEB OF SCIENCE, SCOPUS, EMBASE e SCIELO, utilizando descritores específicos. Foram incluídos artigos em inglês, português e espanhol que abordavam a temática da função do dióxido de carbono na lesão cerebral aguda. Resultados: Foram identificados 54 estudos, dos quais 10 foram selecionados após aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Os resultados demonstram que a hipercapnia pode ter efeitos benéficos em lesões cerebrais agudas, sugerindo um potencial terapêutico. Por outro lado, a hipocapnia, especialmente se mantida cronicamente, pode resultar em desfechos clínicos adversos. Estudos apontam para a importância do equilíbrio na regulação dos níveis de CO2, destacando a complexidade dos seus efeitos no SNC. Conclusão: A revisão sistemática evidencia a relevância dos níveis de CO2 no contexto de lesões cerebrais agudas, mostrando que tanto a hipercapnia quanto a hipocapnia podem influenciar o desfecho clínico dos pacientes. Entretanto, mais pesquisas são necessárias para entender completamente os mecanismos subjacentes e estabelecer diretrizes claras para o uso terapêutico do CO2 em pacientes com lesões cerebrais.
The Translator, Translated
Authors: Kaminski Johannes 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Chapter 2 uses a multilingual corpus of English, Japanese and Chinese translations to survey general tendencies and experimental approaches. My focus on extreme cases reclaims the work of the translator as authorship. The analysis starts out with an account of Werther’s own translations from Ossian. Amid the text’s French, English and Italian translations, William Render’s translation of Werther stands out for pushing editorial interferences to their extreme, entering a grey area between translation and adaptation. With some delay, Werther also reached East Asia. Japanese and Chinese translations document the state of the two languages at the onset of the twentieth century that were undergoing considerable change. Arguably, the most idiosyncratic East Asian translations are the Japanese by Takayama Chogyū and the Chinese by Guo Moruo. They violate the modern standard, thereby draw attention to the questionable aesthetic norms that dominate contemporary translations. There is a remarkable feature that can be found in free and conservatives translations alike: they implicitly or explicitly take issue with the edition from which the translation is sourced; instead, translators pursue the creation of an Arch-Original, a text that claims to be truer than what others would consider an Original. In replacing the rich complexity of the text, they advance their own vision of an uncompromised Original.
Revolutionary Afterlives
Authors: Kaminski Johannes 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Chapter 3 follows Werther’s revolutionary reincarnations from Italy to China, a lineage that departs considerably from Friedrich Engels, who characterized Werther’s writing and thinking as the lamentation of a delusional whiner. In contrast, the book’s literary reception outside Germany jumped at the opportunity to draw on the Wertherian hero to advance a revolutionary cause. Foscolo’s Last Letters of Jacopo Ortis (Ultime lettere di Jacopo Ortis, 1798/1802) applies the Werther motif to pre-Risorgimento Italy, where the protagonist is not just a dejected lover and a victim of his own delusions, but an exile, whose eyes are opened to the great price his countrymen are paying for appeasing Austria. During the 1920s, the revolutionary Wertherian hero assumed a central position in Chinese literary modernity. Guo Moruo’s Wertherian prose typifies a rather carefree appropriation of Western sources. Meanwhile, Yu Dafu’s Sinking (沈淪 Chenlun, 1921), Jiang Guangci’s The Young Wanderer (少年漂泊者 Shaonian piaobozhe, 1926) and Ba Jin’s Trilogy of Love (愛情三部曲 Aiqing sanbuqu, 1931–1935) further advance the motifs of Wertherian prose.
Thanatological Revenants
Authors: Kaminski Johannes 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Chapter 4 takes the death-fixated dimension of Werther at face value and asks: what if life is not worth living? After the text’s initial damnation by church authorities already highlighted the novel’s problematic attitude to life-sustenance, two critics of the interwar period, Heinrich August Korff (1923) and Kamei Katsuichirō (1937) put forward the first affirmative interpretations of the thanatological dimension in Werther, portraying the protagonist as an upright man who embarks on a quest to defy the outrageous limitations experienced by the modern subject. On a conceptual level, Arthur Schopenhauer’s and Sigmund Freud’s elaborations on the human death drive as well as contemporary anti-natalism highlight the validity of this frame of interpretation. In French Werther adaptations, world-weary protagonists as featured in Chateaubriand’s René (1801), Senancour’s Obermann (1804) and Constant’s Adolphe (1816) transcend the level of individual pathology and adapt Goethe’s text to an age in which the increasing aspirations of the individual clash with the disappointments of reality. Central to modern Japanese letters, Sōseki Natsume’s Kokoro (心, 1914) and Dazai Osamu’s No Longer Human (人間失格 Ningen Shikkaku, 1948) portray suicide as an ambiguous act that oscillates between virtue and egotism.
Female Servants in Early Modern England
Authors: Mansell Charmian 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
What was it like to be a woman in service in early modern England? More fundamentally, who were these women? Where did they come from? In what kinds of households did they work and what were they hired to do? How did their lives intersect with the local communities in which they lived? Female Servants in Early Modern England answers these questions by exploring over 1000 witness testimonies from English church courts which record the experiences of women in service between 1532 and 1649. Drawing a wide circle around the experiences of women in service, this book analyses their lives from demographic, geographical, economic, and social perspectives. Combining quantitative and qualitative analysis of evidence, Female Servants in Early Modern England challenges our understanding of service in several key ways. These women, it argues, were intrinsic to the economy, contributing their labour to a range of types of work. Despite being itinerant workers, they were nonetheless embedded in social networks and communities. Though service is seen as a rigid institution designed to regulate labour and youth, this book shows it to have been contingent, operating with a flexibility unsanctioned by law and policy makers but nonetheless accepted within early modern society.
Church Courts and Their People
Authors: Mansell Charmian 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The church court was responsible for administering spiritual justice in England. It adjudicated a range of disputes including where people sat in church, defamation allegations, and disagreements over probate, and it pursued its own suits in the regulation of sex, marriage, and the clergy. This chapter begins by outlining patterns of litigation over time and place in the five diocesan courts of Bath and Wells, Exeter, Gloucester, Hereford, and Winchester. It sets out the participation of litigants and witnesses according to gender, age, marital and occupational status, and geography. It shows that legal agency in these courts was not equally available to all. It was contingent on patriarchal norms and constrained by age- and status-related ideas around authority. The second part of the chapter sets female servants within this picture by focusing on their interactions with the court. It demonstrates how issues of consent, obedience, and obligation that underpinned servants’ position further complicate their place within this legal institution. Despite social and legal barriers that made their participation household-centred, female servants could and did come to court to pursue legal justice and their testimonies speak to more than just their positions as household servants.
Tracing Lives
Authors: Mansell Charmian 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The descriptor ‘servant’ is opaque, capturing nothing of the status of those to whom it was attached. Servants are nonetheless assumed to come from poor backgrounds and to have served in the homes of the wealthy. Taking servants recorded in the church court depositions as a starting point, this chapter explores a constellation of sources and evidence to contextualise their service and situate it within broader life histories. From the depositions, I mine the signatures and marks they left at the bottom of their depositions as a mark of consent, interrogating them as indicators of literacy, status, and identity. I explore their self-assessments of wealth that they gave when testifying, disaggregating the fine gradations of status and wealth they articulated. I trace their lives both inside and outside service, using parish records of baptism, marriage, and death as well as probate material to build a picture of who they served as well as who they went on to marry. By tracing the histories of these women in depositions and other archives, the chapter uncovers the myriad reasons they entered service: to seek training in practical and social skills, to escape poverty, and by compulsion.
Time for Service
Authors: Mansell Charmian 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter presents the age structure of service for women from depositional evidence. It captures not just the ‘snapshot’ ages of female servants at the time of their testimony, but also recalled and past experiences of service related by female witnesses. In doing so, the chapter draws out experiences of service from across the life cycle. Service could be carried out at any point in a woman's working life. By grounding this demographic evidence within individual life-stories, this chapter shows that service was not only a ‘life-cycle’ occupation for women between youth and marriage. It was undertaken by young and old between the ages of 7 and 60. Rather than reading service as empowering, or providing opportunity, I show that it could be a contingent and sometimes coercive form of labour. Their labour wasn’t as free or boundless in choice as the ‘girl power’ argument of north-west European modern economic growth supposes.
On the Move
Authors: Mansell Charmian 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Servants have long been identified as the most migratory occupational group in early modern society. This chapter charts the migration and mobility of women in service in south and south-west England, using evidence of female servants’ places of residence and birth recorded in court depositions. Migration patterns are established and at a more granular level I chart the extent of local movement between households. The chapter shows variation in the extent and distances that early modern servants travelled and demonstrates the importance of considering not only how mobility affected experiences of service but how service contributed to a society in which geographically disparate places and communities were connected. The chapter finds servant hiring was irregular: hiring occurred throughout the year and contract length was highly variable, with many staying longer than just one year, and many others serving for periods outside of the assumed annual cycle. This evidence points to the prevalence of informal processes of labour exchange (door-to-door enquiry and word of mouth) and the relative absence of formal mechanisms like hiring fairs. In identifying the informality of servant hiring, I ask whether the institution of service can really be considered an institution at all.
Navigating Service
Authors: Mansell Charmian 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter interrogates the legal position of servants in early modern England by examining the dynamics of contract-making and conditions of service. Rather than studying archives of labour law enforcement, the chapter explores church court depositions for evidence of how service was navigated in this period. It demonstrates that, while enforcement of the 1563 Statute of Artificers was probably limited, service wasn’t wholly ‘free’ for everyone. As contracts were still verbal, they were not easily upheld and both masters’ and servants’ power to enforce them was limited. Masters attempted to bring wayward servants to court. And servants could – and did – negotiate wages and contracts and mobilise legal machinery to challenge unruly patriarchs. But existing hierarchies – social status, employment relations, and gender – all placed restrictions on their bargaining power. Labour relations and ideas of labour were shifting in this period and were not yet well-defined or cemented. While service operated with flexibility (allowing women to agree shorter contracts, negotiate weekly wages, and live away from their masters’ homes), this didn’t always equate to greater or unlimited freedoms.