bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synergistic plasticization and anti-aging effect of hyperbranched poly(1,4-butanediol citrate)/glycerol on corn starch
Authors: Zhang Kang , Jin Dongliang , Ouyang Haishun , He Yixuan , Cao Peiqin , Wang Rongrong , Tang Kewen , Wei Yujun , Cheng Fei , Zhu Puxin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Thermoplastic starch plasticized with glycerol is very sensitive to humidity and aging. In this study, hyperbranched poly(1,4-butanediol citrate) is prepared via a one-step method, and is mixed with glycerol as the co-plasticizer of starch to prepare thermoplastic starch films. The structure of hyperbranched poly(1,4-butanediol citrate) is studied by performing Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance analyses. The interaction between starch and co-plasticizer, and crystallinity, mechanical properties, anti-aging properties, thermal stability, transmittance, and moisture absorption of thermoplastic starch films are studied. The results illustrate that poly(1,4-butanediol citrate)/glycerol has a synergistic effect on the plasticization, anti-aging properties, transmittance, and moisture adsorption properties of thermoplastic starch films. The thermoplastic starch film with a poly(1,4-butanediol citrate)/glycerol weight ratio of 2:28 has the maximum elongation at break, the highest transmittance, the optimal ability to inhibit the long-term retrogradation of starch and the lowest moisture content at the relative humidity of 68%. Elongation at break of thermoplastic starch film with poly(1, 4-butanediol citrate)/glycerol at 2/28 and stored for 3 and 30 days are (101.1 ± 14.0)% and (91.7 ± 2.7)%, respectively, which are 1.8 and 4.4 times that of the thermoplastic starch film with only glycerol, respectively. These phenomenon not only depend on the interaction between starch and co-plasticizer, but also may be related to the compatibility between starch and co-plasticizer. Thus, the poly(1,4-butanediol citrate)/glycerol combination has potential applications in the processing of thermoplastic starch. 1 Introduction
Risk factors for pneumonia after radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Fan Siyue , Jiang Hongzhan , Xu Qiuqin , Shen Jiali , Lin Huihui , Yang Liping , Yu Doudou , Zheng Nengtong , Chen Lijuan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective
The objective is to systematically gather the relevant research to determine and quantify the risk factors for pneumonia after a radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer.
Methods
The reporting procedures of this meta-analysis conformed to the PRISMA 2020. Chinese Wan Fang data, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Periodical Full-text Database (VIP), Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Scopus from the time of inception to January 20, 2024, data were systematically searched for cohort or case-control studies that reported particular risk factors for pneumonia after radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer. The quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale after the chosen studies had been screened and the data retrieved. Rev Man 5.4 was the program used to perform the meta-analysis.
Results
Our study included data from 27,840 individuals across 27 trials. Fifteen risk factors were statistically significant, according to pooled analyses. Several factors were identified to be strong risk factors (OR: 2.21–4.72), including smoking history, prolonged postoperative nasogastric tube retention, intraoperative bleeding ≥ 200 ml, diabetes mellitus, male gender, total gastrectomy, COPD, impaired respiratory function, D2 lymphadenectomy, perioperative blood transfusion, and hypertension. Moderate risk factors included excessive surgery duration, advanced age, nutritional status, and history of pulmonary disease (OR: 1.51–1.91).
Conclusions
The study identified 15 independent risk factors significantly associated with pneumonia after radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer. These results offer evidence-based procedures for putting into practice successful preventive interventions.
Preliminary Control-Oriented Modeling of the ITER Steering Mirror Assembly and local control system in the Electron Cyclotron Heating &amp; Current Drive actuator
Authors: Grapow Gabriele , Ravensbergen Timotheus , D’Onorio Matteo , Pesamosca Federico , Vu Annatrang , Carannante Giuseppe 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The ITER Electron Cyclotron Heating and Current Drive (ECH) plays a pivotal role in heating and controlling fusion plasmas, with the Steering Mirrors being a crucial component of this actuator. A representative model of the ECH is compulsory in the development and validation of the Plasma Control System (PCS). This manuscript aims to propose a Control-Oriented model of the Steering Mirrors based on the design tested at the Swiss Plasma Centre. In this design a steering mirror rotates on some frictionless flexure pivots due to the action of a set of externally pressurized bellows acting against pre-compressed springs. This system is referred to as the Steering Mirror Assembly (SMA). The adherence of the model is tested by comparing the simulations with the experimental results, while considering ITER’s most recent requirements. Performances, generally increased in terms of accuracy, are in line with the prototype’s results.
Developing a comprehensive abortion prevention program for couples based on I-change model: Study protocol for a mixed method research
Authors: Dolatabadi Zari , Moridi Maryam , Farnam Farnaz , Damghanian Maryam 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
​ In countries where abortion laws are stringent, induced abortions are prevalent. The limited availability of abortion services within these regions amplifies the likelihood of maternal complications and mortality. Induced abortions represent a significant public health concern in Iran and are characterized by a multitude of intricate factors that remain largely unexplored. Gaps in knowledge persist pertaining to the influences driving induced abortion within the Iranian context. To adequately address the issue of induced abortion, it is imperative to discern the determinants that shape the decision-making process. The primary objective of this study was to design an intervention program focused on mitigating the occurrence of induced abortion within couples, with an emphasis on identifying the key factors that contribute to this phenomenon.
Methods
This study comprises three phases. In the first phase, a qualitative approach based on the I-change model will be employed to identify the factors influencing induced abortion. The second phase involves a systematic review to identify the determinants of induced abortion and strategies to prevent induced abortion. In the third phase, the outcomes of the qualitative approach and systematic review will be shared with experts and specialists using the Delphi method to categorize and prioritize strategies. Subsequently, based on the final consensus, a comprehensive program will be developed to prevent induced abortion.
Discussion
This study introduces an I-change model-based program for the prevention of induced abortion. The prevention of induced abortion holds great significance in mitigating maternal morbidity and mortality, curtailing healthcare expenses, and fostering population growth rates. The research findings will be disseminated via reputable peer-reviewed journals and communicated to the academic and medical communities. This dissemination aims to provide valuable insights that can contribute to the advancement of induced abortion and abortion prevention programs.
Increasing the trial size of the Forced Choice Test by expanding the number of answer alternatives
Authors: Otsuka Takuro , Orthey Robin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The Forced Choice Test (FCT) is considered as a memory detection test that can be used in criminal investigations. However, one problem in its application is that it is difficult to secure a sufficient number of questions that can be formulated based on evidence. In this study, we proposed a modified version of the FCT as a memory detection test. Modified FCT uses fewer pieces of criminal information than typical FCT by expanding the number of answer alternatives for each question and creating multiple unique pairs of answer alternatives for a single question. We subjected participants to a mock crime followed by a typical FCT or our novel FCT, which relies on less information. We demonstrate that both FCT types have similar detection accuracies. Hence, the modified FCT may improve the applicability of FCT as a memory detection tool because fewer evidence is needed. We discussed the characteristics of the modified FCT from the viewpoint of the participants’ strategy and detection efficiency.
Molecular Dynamics Study on Anti-fouling Properties of Polybenzimidazole Membrane
Authors: Lv Zhiwei , jia shujuan , wang xuan , li simin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Polybenzimidazole (PBI) is a kind of aromatic polymer with high heat resistance and mechanical strength. In this study, polybenzimidazole (PBI) and its two derivatives PBIO, PBIO2) were constructed by N-substitution reaction grafted hydrophilic side chains (Original, 1-Bromo-3-methoxypropane and 1-Bromo-2-(2-methoxyethoxy) ethane), and the structure and protein resistance of the three polymer membranes were studied by molecular dynamics. The results of hydrophilic group grafted PBI were confirmed by calculation, can improve the anti-fouling ability of the membrane surface. Therefore, the development of PBI films with excellent hydrophilic properties and good anti-fouling performance is of great significance.
Polyanionic Receptors for Carboxylates in Water
Authors: Davis Anthony , Ren Xudong , Flint Alister , Austin Daniel 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Receptors for carboxylate anions have many possible biomedical applications, including mimicry of the vancomycin group of antibiotics. However, binding carboxylates in water, the biological solvent, is highly challenging due to the hydrophilicity of these polar anions. Here we report, for the first time, the recognition of simple carboxylates such as acetate and formate in water by synthetic receptors with charge-neutral binding sites. The receptors are solubilised by polyanionic side-chains which, remarkably, do not preclude anion binding. The tricyclic structures feature two identical binding sites linked by polyaromatic bridges, capable of folding into closed, twisted conformations. This folding is hypothesised to preorganise the structures for anion recognition, mimicking the process which generates many protein binding sites. The architecture is suitable for elaboration into enclosed structures with potential for selective recognition of biologically relevant carboxylates.
Shallow Storage Dewatering for End-of-phase open pit mining Operations using Blastholes
Authors: Valdés-Pineda Rodrigo , Dowling Jeremy , Haas Peter , Feehan Tom , Noguera Camy 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Mining operations often face challenges in managing water levels during the concluding phases of open-pit extraction and pit floor deepening, where efficient shallow dewatering is critical for continued operations. This technical article explores and discusses a successful engineering application of blastholes for shallow dewatering, presenting a novel approach that optimizes water removal and enhances operational mining and safety. Through the drilling and construction of blasthole wells, this method has demonstrated significant benefits and results, providing a strategic solution for (1) operational continuity of mining operations during the concluding phases of open-pit extraction; (2) achieving targeted dewatering objectives to meet production goals; and (3) providing safer working conditions by minimizing the risks associated with excess water accumulation that can pose hazards to equipment and personnel. Furthermore, it addresses the risk of losing the final and most economically important benches of a phase if traditional dewatering methods have fallen behind during the phase development. The conclusions highlight the effectiveness and adaptability of blasthole wells for rapid removal of shallow water storage to accomplish operational, safety, and efficiency benefits to mining operations, offering a valuable contribution to the progress of end-of-phase open pit mining.
Deep Imputation for Skeleton Data (DISK) for Behavioral Science
Authors: Rose France , Michaluk Monika , Blindauer Timon , Ignatowska-Jankowska Bogna , O'Shaughnessy Liam , Stephens Greg , Pereira Talmo , Uusisaari Marylka , Bozek Katarzyna 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Pose estimation methods and motion capture systems have opened doors to quantitative measurements of animal kinematics. However, these methods are not perfect and contain missing data. Our method, Deep Imputation for Skeleton data (DISK), leverages deep learning algorithms to learn dependencies between keypoints and their dynamics to impute missing tracking data. We developed an unsupervised training scheme, which does not rely on manual annotations, and tested several neural network architectures for the imputation task. We found that transformer outperforms other architectures including graph convolutional networks that were developed specifically for skeleton-based action recognition. We demonstrate the usability and performance of our imputation method on seven different animal skeletons including two multi-animal set-ups. With an optional estimated imputation error, DISK enables behavior scientists to assess the reliability of the imputed data. The imputed recordings allow to detect more episodes of motion, such as steps, and to obtain more statistically robust results when comparing these episodes between experimental conditions.
While animal behavior experiments are expensive and complex, tracking errors make sometimes large portions of the experimental data unusable. DISK allows for filling in the missing information and for taking full advantage of the rich behavioral data. This stand-alone imputation package, freely available at https://github.com/bozeklab/DISK.git, is applicable to results of any tracking method (marker-based or markerless) and allows for any type of downstream analysis.
A Correlational Study of Emotional Deprivation And Bullying Victimization In Adolescence With Single Parent
Authors: Arshad Laiba 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The study was conducted to investigate the relationship between emotional deprivation and bullying victimization in adolescents with single parents. It is hypothesized that there is a relationship between emotional deprivation and bullying victimization. Moreover the study investigate the impact of emotional deprivation and bullying victimization on adolescents with single parent. For collecting data two scale was used namely young person schemas (YSQ: Jeffery,2008) and adolescents peer relationship scale (APRS: Parada,2000). Both scales are 6- point Likert scale having 5 and 18 items respectively. Purposive sampling strategy was used to collect data from 150 students of different private and public educational institutes of Gujranwala, age range of 13 to 18 years. SPSS version 27 was used to run analysis.A positive relationship was established between bullying victimization and the emotional deprivation. Such gender differences were observed, with the males showing greater magnitudes. Regression analysis suggests that bullying victimization predicts the emotional Deprivation. Pearson moment correlation, independent sample t-test and regression analysis. Reliability analysis showed high alpha values of both variables. The Pearson product-moment correlation analysis revealed that Emotional Deprivation and Bullying Victimization are highly positive correlate. Regression analysis showed that emotional deprivation does promote bullying victimization.
An S-box multi-objective optimization algorithm based on composite chaos and rolling Boolean
Authors: Cheng Liming , Tong Xiaojun , Wang Zhu , Zhang Miao 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

As a critical component in cryptographic algorithms, the S-box plays a crucial role in modern cryptography. In this paper, we first study the properties of traditional chaotic systems, design a one-dimensional chaotic system with an extensive parameter range and excellent chaotic properties, and design an initial chaotic S-box based on the system. Secondly, we create a Boolean function nonlinearity boosting algorithm based on the proposed Boolean function nonlinearity boosting theorem and a rolling Boolean S-box nonlinearity boosting theorem based on the proposed S-box nonlinearity boosting theorem. S-box nonlinearity boosting algorithm. In addition, for the constructed high nonlinear S-box, the other performances of the S-box are further optimized by a multi-objective optimization annealing algorithm. The best S-box obtained is analyzed for the performance of nonlinearity, strict avalanche, linear approximation probability, differential uniformity, and bit-independence criterion. We receive a high-performance S-box with a nonlinearity of 114.75. Finally, a high-performance S-box with a nonlinearity of 114.75 is designed. Image encryption that only relies on the S-box, and through the tests of the histogram, adjacent-pixels correlation, and information entropy, the results show that the generated high-performance S-box has a complex substitution effect, which is sufficient to meet the nonlinear design requirements of the packet encryption algorithm.
Screening and mechanism study on SARS-CoV-2 Mpro inhibitory of peptides from Spirulina platensis
Authors: Zeng Qiao-Hui , Yao Zhi-En , Zhou Xian-Min , Qi Ping , Zeng Xin-An 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

In this study, four kinds of Spirulina platensis ( S. platensis) peptides were obtained by enzymolysis of protein after different pretreatment to S. platensis powders. The novel coronavirus main protease (SARS-CoV-2 main protease, Mpro) was successfully prepared by heterologous expression in E. coli and its activity was detected. After identification of S. platensis peptides sequences, highly active peptides were synthesized and their inhibition effects on Mpro was verified. Subsequnently, the mechanism of action between them were analyzed by computer simulations. Results showed that the extraction rate of the protein from S. platensis was 96.11%, the activity of Mpro was 845.90 U mg-1, the peptide MQGPNY could inhibit the activity of Mpro with the inhibition rate of 20.21%±3.8% at the concentration of 2 mM. Fuerthermore, results from computer Simulation showed that the peptide MQGPNY forms four pairs of hydrogen bonds with Mpro, which are Gln189, Ser46, Thr26 and Glu166. In addition, there were nine free residues involved in hydrophobic contacts, which were His164, His41, Thr24, Met49, Thr45, Thr25, Gly143, Asn142, and Cys145 and Met165. This study developed natural peptides from S. platensis, which could inhibited the activity of Mpro. Besides, the mechanism of the peptide MQGPN acting on Mpro was revealed by the method of computer Simulation. The foundings could provide theoretical support for the use of protein and its hydrolysates from S. platensis in functional food and supplement formulations in the post-epidemic era.
Improvement of 3D printing performance of whey protein isolate emulsion gels by regulating rheological properties: Effect of polysaccharides incorporation
Authors: Li Ming , Feng Lei , Dai Zhuqing , Li Dajing , Zhang Zhongyuan , Zhou Cunshan , Yu Dongxing 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The interaction of polysaccharide and protein can improve the emulsification and gelation properties of emulsion gel, which is a good substrate for 3D printing food. Whey protein isolate (WPI) emulsion gels added with guar gum (GG), locust bean gum (LBG), xanthan gum (XG) and gum arabic (GA) were investigated for 3D printing β-carotene-rich food. The effect of different polysaccharide concentrations on the rheological properties, 3D printing performances and moisture distribution characteristics of emulsion gels were analyzed. The results showed that WPI emulsion gels with addition of polysaccharides had shear-thinning behavior and exhibited elastic property. WPI emulsion gels added with higher concentrations of polysaccharides had the higher transient elasticity and viscosity, which exhibited the higher deformation resistance. Water holding capacity and gel strength of WPI emulsion gels increased with the increase of polysaccharide concentration, and WPI emulsion gels added with GG and LBG showed the larger gel strength values. Water trapped in the gel network dominated in WPI emulsion gels, T21, T22 and T23 values decreased with the increases of polysaccharide concentration. The results showed that 7% of GG, LBG and GA could improve the 3D printing performance and significantly increased the printing accuracy and stability of WPI emulsion gels. This study could help to develop 3D printed functional foods.
Germicidal Activity on Leather Fabrics by Aluminium Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Characterization
Authors: Ganesan Nirmala 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Au NPs, or metal aluminium oxide nanoparticles, were created on leather textiles on-site. Several instrumental methods were employed, such as FTIR, HR-TEM, XRD, and UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Using disc diffusion against bacterial strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumonia, the antibacterial activity of aluminium oxide nanoparticles was investigated.
Objective
This work should create new opportunities for innovation in the leather industries since it provides a first step toward the bio-functionalization and colouring of different leather fabrics using green technologies.
Methods
X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and characterization: Scanning electron microscope (SEM)Aluminium oxide nanoparticles' biological activity and the antibacterial properties of leather materials using al2O3 nanoparticles
Results
Because of its potent antibacterial properties, aluminium oxide nanoparticle production is a rapidly developing technique in nanotechnology. X-ray diffraction analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and a UV-visible spectrophotometer were used to characterize the produced aluminium oxide nanoparticle. The FTIR and XRD measurements demonstrated good peak results because aluminium oxide has good structural characteristics. Using disc diffusion against bacterial strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumonia, the antibacterial activity of aluminium oxide nanoparticles was investigated. Aeruginosa exhibited a higher activity of 13mm in comparison to the other strains, although all three species demonstrated good activity for the Al2O3 included leather. SEM was used to further analyse the leather textiles that contained Al2O3. The amount of Al2O3 NPs that have been deposited on leather material has produced great results for leather fabrics that have been dipped.
Conclusion
Sol-gel synthesis of alumina nanoparticles has been achieved with success. Al2O3 nanoparticles' antibacterial activity against three strains was demonstrated to be effective. The multifunctional qualities of leather were enhanced by applying her synthesized Al2O3 NPs to leather textiles. An immersion method was used to deposit Al2O3 on leather textiles. Adsorbed on the leather fabric's surface, the nanoparticles were uniformly bonded to the coated leather fabric's surface.