bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi-scale deep learning ensemble for segmentation of endometriotic lesions
Authors: Podda Alessandro Sebastian , Balia Riccardo , Barra Silvio , Carta Salvatore , Neri Manuela , Guerriero Stefano , Piano Leonardo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractUltrasound is a readily available, non-invasive and low-cost screening for the identification of endometriosis lesions, but its diagnostic specificity strongly depends on the experience of the operator. For this reason, computer-aided diagnosis tools based on Artificial Intelligence techniques can provide significant help to the clinical staff, both in terms of workload reduction and in increasing the overall accuracy of this type of examination and its outcome. However, although these techniques are spreading rapidly in a variety of domains, their application to endometriosis is still very limited. To fill this gap, we propose and evaluate a novel multi-scale ensemble approach for the automatic segmentation of endometriosis lesions from transvaginal ultrasounds. The peculiarity of the method lies in its high discrimination capability, obtained by combining, in a fusion fashion, multiple Convolutional Neural Networks trained on data at different granularity. The experimental validation carried out shows that: (i) the proposed method allows to significantly improve the performance of the individual neural networks, even in the presence of a limited training set; (ii) with a Dice coefficient of 82%, it represents a valid solution to increase the diagnostic efficacy of the ultrasound examination against such a pathology.
Relationship between variational problems with norm constraints and ground state of semilinear elliptic equations in $$\mathbb {R}^2$$
Authors: Hashizume Masato 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate variational problems in $$\mathbb {R}^2$$

R

2

with the Sobolev norm constraints and with the Dirichlet norm constraints. We focus on property of maximizers of the variational problems. Concerning variational problems with the Sobolev norm constraints, we prove that maximizers are ground state solutions of corresponding elliptic equations, while we exhibit an example of a ground state solution which is not a maximizer of corresponding variational problems. On the other hand, we show that maximizers of maximization problems with the Dirichlet norm constraints and ground state solutions of corresponding elliptic equations are the same functions, up to scaling, under suitable setting.
Cardiovascular disease risk assessment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A scoping review
Authors: Murphy Louise , Saab Mohamad M. , Cornally Nicola , McHugh Sheena , Cotter Patrick 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPatients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). Identification of at-risk patients is paramount to initiate preventive care and tailor treatments accordingly. Despite international guidelines recommending all patients with RA undergo CVD risk assessment, rates remain suboptimal. The objectives of this review were to map the strategies used to conduct CVD risk assessments in patients with RA in routine care, determine who delivers CVD risk assessments, and identify what composite measures are used. The Joanna Briggs Institute methodological guidelines were used. A literature search was conducted in electronic and grey literature databases, trial registries, medical clearing houses, and professional rheumatology organisations. Findings were synthesised narratively. A total of 12 studies were included. Strategies reported in this review used various system-based interventions to support delivery of CVD risk assessments in patients with RA, operationalised in different ways, adopting two approaches: (a) multidisciplinary collaboration, and (b) education. Various composite measures were cited in use, with and without adjustment for RA. Results from this review demonstrate that although several strategies to support CVD risk assessments in patients with RA are cited in the literature, there is limited evidence to suggest a standardised model has been applied to routine care. Furthermore, extensive evidence to map how health care professionals conduct CVD risk assessments in practice is lacking. Research needs to be undertaken to establish the extent to which healthcare professionals are CVD risk assessing their patients with RA in routine care.Key Points•A limited number of system-based interventions are in use to support the delivery of CVD risk assessments in patients with RA.•Multidisciplinary team collaboration, and education are used to operationalise interventions to support Health Care Professionals in conducting CVD risk assessments in practice.•The extent to which Health Care Professionals are CVD risk assessing their patients with RA needs to be established.
Vibro-tactile stimulation of the neck reduces pain in people with cervical dystonia: a proof-of-concept study
Authors: Xu Jiapeng , Costanzo Matteo , Avanzino Laura , Martino Davide , Salehi Parisa , Standal Stephanie , Manzo Nicoletta , Alizadeh Parisa , Terranova Sara , Bonassi Gaia , Oh Jinseok , Conte Antonella , Konczak Jürgen 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Pain is a common non-motor symptom in patients with cervical dystonia (CD), severely impacting their quality of life. The pathophysiology of CD is incompletely understood but it involves altered processing of proprioceptive and pain signals.

Objectives
The purpose of this proof-of-concept study was to determine if vibro-tactile stimulation (VTS)—a non-invasive form of neuromodulation targeting the somatosensory system—can modulate neck pain in people with CD.

Methods
In a multi-center study, 44 CD patients received VTS to sternocleidomastoid and/or trapezius muscles for up to 45 min under 9 different stimulation conditions that either targeted a single or a pair of muscles. The primary outcome measure was a perceived pain score (PPS) rated by participants on a 100-point analogue scale.

Results
During VTS, 29/44 (66%) of participants experienced a reduction in PPS of at least 10% with 17/44 (39%) reporting a reduction in pain of 50% or higher. After VTS cessation, 57% of participants still reported a 10% or higher reduction in PPS. Effects were significant at the group level and persisted for up to 20 min post-treatment. No distinct optimal stimulation profiles were identified for specific CD phenotypes. Clinical markers of disease severity or duration did not predict the degree of VTS-induced pain reduction.

Conclusion
This proof-of-concept study demonstrates the potential of VTS as a new non-invasive therapeutic option for treating neck pain associated with CD. Further research needs to delineate optimal dosage and long-term effects.
On a quasilinear parabolic–hyperbolic system arising in MEMS modeling
Authors: Walker Christoph 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA coupled system consisting of a quasilinear parabolic equation and a semilinear hyperbolic equation is considered. The problem arises as a small aspect ratio limit in the modeling of a MEMS device taking into account the gap width of the device and the gas pressure. The system is regarded as a special case of a more general setting for which local well-posedness of strong solutions is shown. The general result applies to different cases including a coupling of the parabolic equation to a semilinear wave equation of either second or fourth order, the latter featuring either clamped or pinned boundary conditions.
A straightforward procedure to build a non-toxic relaxometry phantom with desired T1 and T2 times at 3T
Authors: Fritz Victor , Eisele Sabine , Martirosian Petros , Machann Jürgen , Schick Fritz 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objective
To prepare and analyze soy-lecithin-agar gels for non-toxic relaxometry phantoms with tissue-like relaxation times at 3T.

Methods
Phantoms mimicking the relaxation times of various tissues (gray and white matter, kidney cortex and medulla, spleen, muscle, liver) were built and tested with a clinical 3T whole-body MR scanner. Simple equations were derived to calculate the appropriate concentrations of soy lecithin and agar in aqueous solutions to achieve the desired relaxation times. Phantoms were tested for correspondence between measurements and calculated T1 and T2 values, reproducibility, spatial homogeneity, and temporal stability. T1 and T2 mapping techniques and a 3D T1-weighted sequence with high spatial resolution were applied.

Results
Except for the liver relaxation phantom, all phantoms were successfully and reproducibly produced. Good agreement was found between the targeted and measured relaxation times. The percentage deviations from the targeted relaxation times were less than 3% for T1 and less than 6.5% for T2. In addition, the phantoms were homogeneous and had little to no air bubbles. However, the phantoms were unstable over time: after a storage period of 4 weeks, mold growth and also changes in relaxation times were detected in almost all phantoms.

Conclusion
Soy-lecithin-agar gels are a non-toxic material for the construction of relaxometry phantoms with tissue-like relaxation times. They are easy to prepare, inexpensive and allow independent adjustment of T1 and T2. However, there is still work to be done to improve the long-term stability of the phantoms.
Towards an understanding of landslide risk assessment and its economic losses: a scientometric analysis
Authors: Marín-Rodríguez Nini Johana , Vega Johnny , Zanabria Oscar Betancurt , González-Ruiz Juan David , Botero Sergio 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis scientometric analysis significantly advances the understanding of landslide risk assessment and economic losses, focusing on scientometric insights. This study aims at analyzing the global trends and structures of landslide risk and economic loss research from 2002 to 2023 using scientometric techniques such as co-authorship, co-word, co-citation, cluster analysis, and trend topics, among others. Thus, analysis of 92 studies gathered from Scopus and Web of Science databases reveals a continuous growth in environmental, social, and quantitative research topics. Predominant contributions hail mainly from China and Italy. The research identifies critical themes, including risk analysis, vulnerability, fragility, and economic losses. The current identified research combines advanced statistical methods, including logistic regression, with climate change scenarios and susceptibility assessments to reveal intricate connections between climatic shifts, hydrogeological hazards, and their economic and environmental impacts. This study provides researchers and practitioners with a comprehensive understanding of the status quo and research trends of ontology research landslide risk and its economic losses. It also promotes further studies in this domain.
Using Progress Feedback to Enhance Treatment Outcomes: A Narrative Review
Authors: de Jong Kim , Douglas Susan , Wolpert Miranda , Delgadillo Jaime , Aas Benjamin , Bovendeerd Bram , Carlier Ingrid , Compare Angelo , Edbrooke-Childs Julian , Janse Pauline , Lutz Wolfgang , Moltu Christian , Nordberg Samuel , Poulsen Stig , Rubel Julian A. , Schiepek Günter , Schilling Viola N. L. S. , van Sonsbeek Maartje , Barkham Michael 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe face increasing demand for greater access to effective routine mental health services, including telehealth. However, treatment outcomes in routine clinical practice are only about half the size of those reported in controlled trials. Progress feedback, defined as the ongoing monitoring of patients’ treatment response with standardized measures, is an evidence-based practice that continues to be under-utilized in routine care. The aim of the current review is to provide a summary of the current evidence base for the use of progress feedback, its mechanisms of action and considerations for successful implementation. We reviewed ten available meta-analyses, which report small to medium overall effect sizes. The results suggest that adding feedback to a wide range of psychological and psychiatric interventions (ranging from primary care to hospitalization and crisis care) tends to enhance the effectiveness of these interventions. The strongest evidence is for patients with common mental health problems compared to those with very severe disorders. Effect sizes for not-on-track cases, a subgroup of cases that are not progressing well, are found to be somewhat stronger, especially when clinical support tools are added to the feedback. Systematic reviews and recent studies suggest potential mechanisms of action for progress feedback include focusing the clinician’s attention, altering clinician expectations, providing new information, and enhancing patient-centered communication. Promising approaches to strengthen progress feedback interventions include advanced systems with signaling technology, clinical problem-solving tools, and a broader spectrum of outcome and progress measures. An overview of methodological and implementation challenges is provided, as well as suggestions for addressing these issues in future studies. We conclude that while feedback has modest effects, it is a small and affordable intervention that can potentially improve outcomes in psychological interventions. Further research into mechanisms of action and effective implementation strategies is needed.
Climate change and the built environment - a systematic review
Authors: Tajuddeen Ibrahim , Sajjadian Seyed Masoud 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRecent intergovernmental panel on climate change reports have once again emphasised the effective measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and the importance of the built environment. Historically, passive and active solutions are known for their potential to make the built environment more environmentally friendly. Recently, a significant number of studies covered the effectiveness of such solutions under distinct current and different future climate and emission predictions. Through the PRISMA framework, this paper presents a comprehensive state-of-the-art review of such studies within the last 10 years (2013–2023) to understand their impact, their tangible applications, and their empirical evidence. Local ecosystems, weather patterns, geographical and cultural challenges dictate the solutions for a warmer future. Among the solutions, as expected, passive solutions remain most effective even though a combination with active ones is necessary regardless of the context. The review in this paper is expandable beyond the effective reported solutions and it highlights the most effective solutions under different climate zones.
The Impact of Parental Solid Self, Treatment Involvement, Stress, and Parenting Styles on Children’s Mental Health Symptom Severity
Authors: Chen Weiying , Bokoch Rebecca 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWith the increasing rate of mental health disorders among youth in the United States (U.S.) and the essential role of parents in children’s development, many studies have investigated the relationship between parental factors and children’s mental health. The current study expanded on this research by exploring the impact of parent solid self (i.e., one subcategory of differentiation of self), parenting stress, parenting styles, and parent involvement in treatment on children’s mental health symptom severity. The sample included 216 parents (U.S. residents; Mage = 33.84, SDage = 5.384) with at least one youth aged 3–17 years actively or historically in mental health treatment. Participants completed an online survey that included a demographic questionnaire and measures of parenting styles, parental solid self, parental stress, and children’s symptom severity. A simple linear regression found that parental solid self and stress levels were associated with the severity of children’s symptoms. A two-way ANOVA revealed that parenting styles had a significant main effect on children’s symptom severity. Results also showed that the level of authoritative parenting style mediated the relationship between parental solid self and children’s symptom severity. This study further highlighted the importance of promoting individual therapy or psychoeducation for parents and how it might benefit children’s treatment. Future research may consider children’s perspectives, how parents engage with their child’s treatment, incorporating more expansive assessment methods, and longitudinal designs to further explore the impact of parents’ differentiation of self, parental stress, parenting styles, and parental involvement in treatment on children’s symptom severity.
Practical Multi-Mesh Registration for Few-View Poly-Chromatic X-Ray Inspection
Authors: Iuso Domenico , Paramonov Pavel , De Beenhouwer Jan , Sijbers Jan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAccurate 3D mesh registration is essential in many industrial applications of X-ray imaging, as it allows quality assessment and inspection of manufactured objects. Conventional methods rely mainly on time-consuming and expensive X-ray computed tomography (X-CT) or ancillary camera systems. Instead, we propose a novel approach for efficient 3D multi-mesh registration in few-view industrial X-ray imaging scenarios. Our approach harnesses the capabilities of CAD-ASTRA, an X-ray mesh projector, compatible with the ASTRA toolbox and popular GPU libraries such as CuPy and PyTorch, for the simulation of X-ray projec tions from a known object surface mesh. As a differentiable program, CAD-ASTRA allows iterative improvement of the objects’ position in space by back-propagation of a differentiable measure of the projection error. The potential of this approach is demonstrated through tests on simultaneous multiple object registration in a poly-chromatic imaging, even in cases where the spectral characteristics of the imaging system are unknown. Results from a diverse set of real experiments highlight the efficacy of mesh registration, achieving successful registrations even when only two projections at a 10$$^\circ $$

∘

angle relative to the scanning system center are available. The mesh projector facilitates resource-efficient registration in industrial applications with few viewpoints, thereby reducing the demand for resources and eliminating the need for X-CT reconstruction.
Error estimation in current noisy quantum computers
Authors: Aseguinolaza Unai , Sobrino Nahual , Sobrino Gabriel , Jornet-Somoza Joaquim , Borge Juan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOne of the main important features of the noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) era is the correct evaluation and consideration of errors. In this paper, we analyse the main sources of errors in current (IBM) quantum computers and we present a useful tool (TED-qc) designed to facilitate the total error probability expected for any quantum circuit. We propose this total error probability as the best way to estimate a lower bound for the fidelity in the NISQ era, avoiding the necessity of comparing the quantum calculations with any classical one. In order to contrast the robustness of our tool we compute the total error probability that may occur in three different quantum models: 1) the Ising model, 2) the Quantum-Phase Estimation (QPE), and 3) the Grover’s algorithm. For each model, the main quantities of interest are computed and benchmarked against the reference simulator’s results as a function of the error probability for a representative and statistically significant sample size. The analysis is satisfactory in more than the $$99\%$$

99
%

of the cases. In addition, we study how error mitigation techniques are able to eliminate the noise induced during the measurement. These results have been calculated for the IBM quantum computers, but both the tool and the analysis can be easily extended to any other quantum computer.
Intelligent detection method of microparticle virus in silkworm based on YOLOv8 improved algorithm
Authors: Zhang Yinguang , Su Jianhuan , Wang Teng , Xu Chuan , Yu Ao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe presence of microparticle viruses significantly impacts the quality of silkworm seeds for domestic sericulture, making their exclusion from detection in silkworm seed production crucial. Traditional methods for detecting microparticle viruses in silkworms, such as manual microscopic observation, molecular biology, and immunological approaches, are cumbersome and unable to achieve intelligent, batch real-time detection. To address this challenge, we employ the YOLOv8 algorithm in this paper. Firstly, NAM attention is introduced in the original algorithm’s Backbone component, allowing the model to extract more generic feature information. Secondly, ODConv replaces Conv in the Head component of the original algorithm, enhancing the model’s ability to identify microparticle viruses. Finally, NWD-LOSS modifies the CIoU loss of the original algorithm to obtain a more accurate prediction box. Experimental results demonstrate that the NN-YOLOv8 model outperforms mainstream detection algorithms in detecting silkworm microparticle diseases. With an average detection time of 22.6 milliseconds per image, the model shows promising prospects for future applications. This model improvement enhances detection efficiency and reduces human resource costs, effectively realizing detection intelligence.
Effect of formaldehyde exposure on phytochemical content and functional activity of Agaricus bisporus (Lge.) Sing.
Authors: Kutluer Fatih 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this study, the effect of formaldehyde on phytochemical content and antioxidant activity of Agaricus bisporus was investigated. Synthetic compost based on wheat straw was prepared by fermentation and disinfection. After steam pasteurization, 5 g of A. bisporus mycelia were inoculated into 1 kg of compost. To determine the effects of formaldehyde, 2, 4, and 6% concentrations were added to the composts, while compost without formaldehyde was used for the control group. The harvesting period was set at 10 weeks. Total phenolic and flavonoid content, macro- and microelement profile, and phenolic content were analyzed in the harvested A. bisporus samples. Macro- and microelement content was determined by ICP-OES, and phenolic compound profile was determined by LC-MS/MS analysis. Formaldehyde levels in A. bisporus samples were determined by the acetylacetone spectrophotometry method. The antioxidant capacity of A. bisporus samples was determined by DPPH scavenging activity; antimutagenic effects of samples were determined by Allium test. Application of 2, 4, and 6% formaldehyde resulted in a 1.12-, 1.19-, and 2.07-fold reduction in total phenolic content, respectively. The total phenolic content was reduced between 34.4% and 71.8%. These changes were confirmed by LC-MS/MS analysis. Compounds such as protocatechuic acid, salicylic acid, ferulic acid, and 4-OH benzoic acid, which were detected in the control group, could not be detected in the samples treated with 6% formaldehyde, and it was found that the application of formaldehyde reduced the phenolic content. Similar changes were also observed in macro- and microelements, and significant changes in elemental contents were observed after formaldehyde application. While the presence of formaldehyde at a low level, which may be due to natural production, was detected in the control group, a residue of 11.41 ± 0.93 mg/kg was determined in the 6% FMD applied group. All these changes resulted in a decrease in the antioxidant activity of A. bisporus. The DPPH scavenging activity, which was determined in the range of 21.6–73.3% in the control samples, decreased to 12.3–56.7% in the samples treated with formaldehyde. These results indicate that the application of formaldehyde at different stages of A. bisporus cultivation leads to significant changes in the nutritional value and biological activity of A. bisporus.