bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE SUCROSE INTAKE CHANGES STRESS-INDUCED BEHAVIOR VIA GLUCOSE METABOLISM AND NORADRENERGIC NEURONAL SYSTEM
Authors: Sakata *Takatoshi , Mouri Akihiro , Kazuo Kunisawa , Hasegawa Masaya , Takemura Masao , Matunami Hidetoshi , Saito Kuniaki , Nabeshima Toshitaka 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
322 million people globally are suffering from major depressive disorder (MDD). MDD is projected to become the primary cause of disease burden by 2030. Lifestyle habits have attracted attention as potential environmental factors for MDD. However, it remains unclear how lifestyle habits affect pathophysiology of depression.

Aims & Objectives
In this study, we analyzed lifestyle habits in high-risk subjects of major depressive disorder (HRMDD) by using the clinical database from Resource Center for Health Science (RECHS). A notable observation from our analysis revealed that sucrose intake was elevated among HRMDD subjects.

Method
To investigate whether sucrose intake affects stress-induced depression-like behaviors, we observed the behaviors of mice took freely sucrose via water bottle under the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS).

Results
Our findings revealed that sucrose intake attenuated CUMS-induced hyperactivity and aggressive behavior but not social deficit. Unexpectedly, the sucrose intake under CUMS impaired recognition memory. Furthermore, sucrose intake under stress increased serum corticosterone levels and blood glucose levels. In association with high blood glucose level, CUMS changed expression of mRNA related to glucose and lactate metabolism such as glucose transporter, lactate dehydrogenase, and monocarboxylate transporter in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Further, CUMS reduced noradrenaline (NA) levels in the PFC. Sucrose intake under CUMS ameliorated reduction in NA levels, although it decreased the turnover of NA, which associated with expression of decrease in adrenergic α1 receptors, but of an increase in of adrenergic α2 receptors. Antidepressants targeting noradrenergic neuronal system alleviated these depression-like behaviors and cognitive dysfunction.

Discussion & Conclusion
In conclusion, our data suggest that high sucrose intake in HRMDD may cope stress-induced aggression and hyperactivity. However, this comes with the unintended consequence of impairment of cognition. These contradictory findings may be associated with changes of glucose and lactate metabolism and noradrenergic system in the PFC.
DYSFUNCTIONAL INTERACTIONS OF SALIENCE NETWORK IN EARLY PSYCHOSIS
Authors: Zhao *Lei , Bo Qijing , Wang Chuanyue 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Currently, there is increasing attention paid to early psychiatric populations such as first episode of schizophrenia (FES) and clinical high risk for schizophrenia (CHR). Research based on static functional connectivity (FC) has unanimously recognized functional abnormalities in the salience network (SN) of schizophrenia, but there is still controversy over whether these abnormalities will fully extend to the early stages of mental illness.

Aims
The aim of this study is to evaluate the functional interaction characteristics of early psychiatric salience networks based on network level assessment.

Methods
This study focuses on data from 26 cases of FES, 20 cases of CHR, and 37 healthy controls (HC). Based on network level, static FC analysis method is used to explore the functional connectivity characteristics within the early mental patient population's saliency network and with advanced cognitive networks (DMN, CEN) and sensory networks (SMN, AN, VN). Use analysis of variance or Kruskal Wallis H-test to compare the intergroup differences of the above indicators, and Spearman correlation analysis to explore the brain behavioral correlation between intergroup difference indicators and clinical and cognitive data of early psychiatric patients.

Results
Static functional connectivity analysis found that compared to HC, the FC between FES salient network and default network, auditory network decreased or showed a decreasing trend (PSN-DMN=0.038, PSN-AN=0.066).

Conclusion
Abnormal functional interaction between early psychiatric prominence networks, advanced cognitive networks, and sensory networks in a resting state.
THE EFFECT OF STATE-TRAIT ANGER EXPRESSION ON VIOLENCE POTENTIAL INDEX IN CRIMINAL SUBJECTS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA
Authors: Chee *Hyun Seung , Han Solee 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Anger is defined as a psycho-biological emotional state that consists of feelings varying in intensity from mild irritation or annoyance to intense fury and rage. And, anger is a species-typical response to either: perceived threat, frustration or social provocation. The most important point about anger regulation by the individuals is how to express anger and control it. Dysfunction in anger regulation is a marker of most psychiatric disorders. Assessing risk of harm to self and others is a very important element in the evaluation and treatment of subjects with psychiatric disorder. The Violence Potential Index(VPI) have been found to be most associated with violence and dangerousness.

Aims & Objectives
The authors examined the effect of state-trait anger expression on violence potential index(VPI) in criminal subjects with schizophrenia.

Methods
The sample consisted of 177 criminal subjects with schizophrenia. First, We investigated whether there was a difference in state-trait anger expression between male and female group. After that, we investigated the effect of state-trait anger expression on VPI in the entire subjects with criminal schizophrenia, and the effect of state-trait anger expression on VPI was examined for male and female groups respectively. State-trait anger expression was assessed with Korean State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory(STAXI-K). Assessment of Violence Potential Index(VPI) was performed using the Personality Assessment Inventory(PAI).

Results
In comparison of male and female group, there were no differences in current age, age of onset, age at time of crime, or education level, and state anger was higher in the male group(t=2.620, p=0.011). However, there were no differences in trait anger, anger in, anger out, and anger control. The factor affecting VPI for the entire subject group was trait anger(B=0.164, ß=0.317, t=4.419, p=0.000). The factor affecting VPI in the male group was anger out(B=0.232, ß=0.294, t=3.688, P=0.000), and in the female group, trait anger was found to affect VPI(B=0.213, ß=0.469, t=2.856, p=0.008).

Discussion & Conclusion
It was shown that anger out in the male group and trait anger in the female group influenced VPI. It was suggested that there may be a difference in state-trait anger expression on VPI between male and female groups. In the future, a comparative study including non-criminal subjects with schizophrenia and the general population is needed to determine the impact of state-trait anger expression on crime in patients with schizophrenia.
IMMUNOLOGICAL GLUTEN SENSITIVITY IN UNDERWEIGHT PATIENTS WITH EATING DISORDER
Authors: Yamada *Hisashi , Mikuni Motoyama , Yoshimura Chiho , Matsunaga Hisato 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Aims
Gluten sensitivity is a syndrome characterized by several physical and psychological symptoms such as abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhea, headache, foggy brain, tiredness, anxiety, and depression, related to the ingestion of gluten. In recent years, it has been reported that gluten sensitivity is associated with various psychiatric disorders, and anti-gliadin IgG antibodies have been established as a biomarker for gluten sensitivity, but diagnostic criteria have not yet been established and the actual status of gluten sensitivity remains unclear. Eating disorders are psychiatric disorders that are often difficult to treat, especially recovery from low body weight. Low body weight often results in constipation due to decreased gastrointestinal activity, but occasionally patients complain of diarrhea and many patients complain of strong discomfort and physical symptoms after food ingestion. We conducted a study to investigate immunological gluten sensitivity in eating disorder patients with low body weight.

Methods
The subjects were 18 underweight female patients with eating disorders who visited the outpatient clinic of the Department of Psychiatry and Neurology, Hyogo Medical University Hospital and were confirmed to be free from laxative abuse, and 43 age-sex-matched healthy subjects. Blood samples were collected and gluten-related antibodies such as anti-gliadin IgG antibodies were measured by ELISA, and psychiatric and physical symptoms were assessed by interview and self- administered questionnaire. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Hyogo Medical University (No. 3412) and written consent was obtained from the subjects.

Results
18 subjects included 10 patients with anorexia nervosa, 7 patients with avoidant restrictive food intake disorder, and 1 patient with other identified eating behavior disorders or eating disorders. In the eating disorder group, the positivity rate of anti-gliadin IgG antibodies was 50%, significantly higher than the 11.6% of the healthy subjects (p=2.3 x 10-3). The antibody positivity rate in patients with diarrhea was 85.7%. Eating disorder patients with immunological gluten sensitivity showed significantly lower mental quality of life, more physical symptoms, and more depressive and anxiety symptoms than the healthy group, but not significantly different from the group without immunological gluten sensitivity. Two patients with anorexia nervosa who were positive for anti-gliadin IgG antibodies were introduced to a gluten-free diet during outpatient care after the discovery of immunological gluten sensitivity and showed clear weight gain.

Conclusion
The relationship of gluten sensitivity in underweight patients with eating disorders is suggested. Considering the pathophysiology of low nutritional status, underweight patients with eating disorders who is more likely to be constipated, but when diarrhea is present, gluten intolerance should be considered.
INPUT AND OUTPUT OF NEUROPEPTIDE Y IN THE NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS AND PALATABLE FOOD INTAKE
Authors: Tanaka *Masaki , Yamada Shunji 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a 36-amino acid neuropeptide that is widely expressed in the central nervous system and the nucleus accumbens (NAc) is one of the NPY abundant regions as well as arcuate and paraventricular hypothalamic nuclei. NPY in the hypothalamus is well known to enhance food intake. NAc is a hub region of reward and dependence of alcohol and drug intake. We previously suggested that NPY- expressing neurons in the NAc modulate anxiety-behavior using NPY-Cre mice and Cre-dependent AAV. To investigate the projection sites of NAc NPY neurons, we injected AAV(DJ)-FLEX-mCherry into the NAc of NPY-Cre mice. We found mCherry-positive fibers in the lateral hypothalamus (LH), the feeding center. We confirmed this projection to the LH using retrograde tracer. Many NPY nerve fibers are also observed in the NAc. To investigate the origin (s) of NPY fibers in the NAc, we injected AAV(rg)-FLEX- mCherry, permits retrograde access and expression of mCherry to projection neurons, into the NAc in NPY-Cre mice. We found the existence of mCherry-positive cell bodies in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) as well as NAc. Next, we investigated the role of accumbal NPY in the palatable food (high fat diet) intake. We found NPY and NPY Y1 agonist treatment in the NAc induced increase in high fat diet. Then we investigated the involvement of NPY neurons in the BLA projecting to the NAc in high fat diet consumption. Mice stably consume HFD in 1-h during light cycle. To perform projection-specific activation or inactivation of NPY neurons in the BLA, we employed a two-virus strategy, injecting a AAV(rg)-FLEX-Flippase (FLPo) into the NAc and AAV expressing FLPo-dependent hM3Dq-mCherry or - hM4Di-mCherry into the BLA of NPY-Cre mice. CNO-induced activation of BLA NPY neurons projecting to the NAc did not affect to the 1-h HFD intake in the model. On the other hand, CNO-induced inactivation of BLA NPY neurons projecting to the NAc significantly decreased 1-h HFD consumption. These results indicate that NPY neurons in the NAc and those in the BLA that project to the NAc are involved in palatable food consumption in mice.
DNA MICROARRAY ANALYSIS OF GENE EXPRESSION IN THE HYPOTHALAMUS OF SOCIAL-DEFEAT STRESS-INDUCED CHRONIC PAIN MODEL MICE
Authors: Nakamoto *Kazuo , Tokuyama Shogo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Exposure to chronic stresses affects the sensitivity to pain stimuli and is associated with the development of chronic pain. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of stress-induced chronic pain remain unclear. Our previous study demonstrated that mice subjected to repeated social defeat stress showed a dramatically longer prolongation of postsurgical pain than non- stressed mice.

Aims & Objectives
In this study, we performed DNA microarray analysis within the hypothalamus of these stressed mice to investigate gene expression changes when pain becomes chronic due to stress.

Methods
Male C57BL/6J mice were subjected to social defeat stress for 10 days. The 5 mm incisions were made in the right paw plantar region of the mice as a postoperative pain model. The von Frey test was used to evaluate pain in response to mechanical stimuli. On day 7 of postoperative pain, the changes of gene expression in the hypothalamus tissues were evaluated by DNA microarray analysis. Only genes with expression variation were extracted based on mice subjected to postoperative pain under non-stressed conditions. Genes with a gene expression ratio&gt;2.0 or ratio&lt;0.5 were defined as genes with altered expression.

Results
Nonstress-operation mice showed an increase mechanical allodynia to the 0.16g firmament, which occurred at day 1 post-paw incision and continued for 4 days in comparison with non-stress-sham mice. On the other hand, the mechanical allodynia in stress-operation mice continued for 7 days. At postoperative day 7, DNA microarray analysis revealed that 278 genes were more than doubled in stressed mice with pain, whereas 137 genes were reduced by less than half compared to non-stressed mice.

Discussion & Discussion
These results demonstrated that the main changes included several genes involved in the lipid metabolism, arachidonic acid cascade, inflammatory and immune responses, and hormone. Detailed analysis of the fluctuating genes is currently underway.
KNOWLEDGE AND OPINIONS ABOUT THE USE OF PSYCHEDELICS AMONG PSYCHIATRISTS IN KOREA: PRELIMINARY RESULTS
Authors: Sohn *Inki , Jon Duk-In 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Psychedelic drugs are substances that have been used for a long time and are legally regulated worldwide because of their hallucinogenic or addictive potential. However, in the 21st century, it began to receive various academic attention because of its promising efficacy beyond the limits of existing drugs.

Aim & Objectives
In this study, a survey was conducted on the knowledge, awareness, and attitude psychiatrists (specialists and residents) about psychedelic drugs in Korea.

Methods
The survey consists of 14 questions regarding knowledge and opinions about psychedelics. 101 doctors participants were currently collected and preliminarily analyzed.

Results
The mean age of participants was 40.5 years old and 72.3% were male. Of them, 44.6% were psychiatric residents and 55.4% were specialists. The average number of correct answers was 2.10 for the five questions regarding knowledge about psychedelics. The difference between two doctor groups was not significant. The question with the highest incorrect answer rate was the selection of classical psychedelics, followed by the associated neurotransmitters. The most recent information obtained about psychedelics were possibility of illicit use and their therapeutic potential. Sources of information about psychedelics were academic conferences, mass media (TV and newspaper), internet searches, peers, and academic articles, in that order. If medical use were to become available, the main concerns were the potential for abuse and the risk of addiction. On the other hand, 56.5% predict psychedelics could be an important treatment in the future, and 63.3% support their authorization for medical use.

Conclusion & Discussion
Psychedelics are gaining global attention and are very promising therapeutic drugs, but our knowledge of them is still low. However, the clinical utility and need for these drugs are highly recognized. We need to continue to spread information through academic conferences and media.
DEMANDS ON MEDICAL PROFESSIONALS AND SOCIETY BY BREAST CANCER PEER SUPPORTERS FROM A HUMAN RELATIONS PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Motoi *Yoshimi , Nagahiro Chie , Hashimoto Yoko , Wakamatsu Chihiro 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background and Purpose
Cooperation between cancer patients, medical professionals, and government is essential for achieving cancer peer support. We focused on the perspective of human relations and clarified the demands on medical professionals and society made by breast cancer peer supporters; moreover, we examined future issues.

Methods
Employing qualitative descriptive study, we selected 30 facilities among national cancer patient associations and support groups using a random number table. Consenting representatives from four of these facilities were given explanations of the purpose and methods of this study, and 10 breast cancer peer supporters were interviewed. Data analysis involved categorization using the content analysis method.

Ethical Considerations
This study was conducted with the approval of the ethical review committee to which the research was affiliated (23004). There were no conflicts of interest.

Results
The mean age of participants was 60.8 years (47–73 years), and the mean number of years of experience as a breast cancer peer supporter was 11 years (0.5–20 years), with seven participants having qualifications such as a Breast cancer Experienced Coordinator. The following three categories and eight subcategories were extracted as a result of interviews on participants’ demands of medical professionals and government in their past experiences with breast cancer peer support activities. The wishes of breast cancer peer supporters were the [participation of cancer peer support in team medical care], [improvement of awareness of cancer peer support], and [cooperation between the government and cancer collaboration base hospitals], with the statement of “wanting cancer peer support to be included in team medical care” stated. Additionally, peer support leads to patients’ mental well-being and contributes to the reduced workload of medical professionals; thus, the above statement was found. Moreover, the study also revealed that a system of compensation for peer activities was an urgent issue.

Discussion and Conclusion
Breast cancer peer supporters had a high degree of contribution to the emotional support and literacy improvement of patients and their families from the perspective of human relations. Moreover, they were able to relate to their own experience of how peer support helped them feel better during difficult times. However, this level of recognition was still low, urging the need to understand the activities of breast cancer peer support and for collaboration between cancer patients, medical professionals, and the government to provide team medical care.

References
We would like to thank Editage (www.editage.com) for English language editing.
BLUNTED CORTISOL RESPONSE TO ACUTE PSYCHOSOCIAL STRESS IN WOMEN WITH PREMENSTRUAL DYSPHORIC DISORDER
Authors: Hamidovic *Ajna , Davis John , Soumare Fatimata 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Despite being considered a stress-related condition, it is not known whether the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is dysfunctional in response to acute psychosocial stress in Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD). This is problematic because many women with PMDD report that they are not able to control their stress levels, and a blunted cortisol output has been identified in women with related psychiatric conditions, such as anxiety and depression.

Aims and Objectives
The present study is a part of the Premenstrual Hormonal and Affective State Evaluation (PHASE) project, and it aimed to characterize the cortisol trajectory in response to an acute psychosocial stress challenge.

Method
Women with PMDD and healthy controls with a confirmed ovulatory cycle underwent the Trier Social Stress Test procedure in the mid-late luteal phase of the menstrual cycle, throughout which we collected serum samples of cortisol that we analyzed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.

Results
The linear mixed model analysis indicated a significant time*diagnosis interaction (p=0.008) such that women with PMDD displayed significantly lower serum cortisol levels at +40 through +90 minutes from the time of stress induction.

Discussion and Conclusion
This is the first study to show that women with PMDD have a blunted cortisol response to psychosocial stress. Combined with our earlier finding showing a greater parasympathetic nervous system withdrawal on heart oscillations in PMDD during acute stress, these and other results show that the dysregulated processing of stress in PMDD may be captured using objective study measures.