bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Communes
Authors: Baudouin Thierry 
Published: May 2011

Résumé La Révolution française avait qualifié de « commune » le territoire de base d’une solidarité citoyenne. Au-delà de sa réduction en termes de « collectivité territoriale » par l’urbanisme d’État durant l’ère industrielle, la ville récupère aujourd’hui son étymologie directement politique et constitue un cadre majeur du commun qui nous préoccupe. La démocratie s’affirme et redevient productive directement dans et par la ville. Privilégier le point de vue des villes par rapport à celui de l’État comme lieux de recomposition d’une citoyenneté majeure de la vie publique doit devenir l’enjeu principal à venir.
Politique des gouvernés
Authors: Chatterjee Partha 
Published: May 2011

Résumé Dans le cadre de la « société civile », les ressources publiques, censément disponibles pour tous, sont en réalité accaparées par ceux qui jouissent d’une plus grande influence sur le système. Lorsque la « société politique » réussit à se mobiliser pour garantir aux groupes de population défavorisés l’accès aux programmes gouvernementaux, il s’agit d’une extension des libertés du peuple, permise par la société politique, qui n’aurait pas été possible dans la société civile. La para-légalité qui caractérise de tels coups de force politiques n’est pas une sorte de condition pathologique de la modernité attardée : elle est la condition des avancées du commun.
Les recompositions de la scène politique ouïgoure dans les années 1990-2000
Authors: Castets Rémi 
Published: May 2011

Résumé L’ouverture du Xinjiang consécutive à la Politique de réforme , puis la chute du rideau de fer au tournant des années 1990, ont généré de nouveaux espaces d’expression et d’action pour l’opposition ouïgoure. Le rétablissement des liens entre les communautés de la diaspora et le Xinjiang, mais aussi l’arrivée de nouveaux militants ont régénéré une scène alors divisée et assoupie. Néanmoins, les évolutions rapides du contexte politique en Chine, en Asie centrale ainsi que le contexte post-11 septembre 2001 vont amener cette scène militante à se recomposer rapidement afin de répondre aux nouvelles contraintes auxquelles elle a dû faire face.
Les traverses du coaching
Authors: Persson Sybil , Rappin Baptiste , Richez Yves 
Published: May 2011

Résumé Si le coaching est actuellement en train de devenir une méthode d’accompagnement managérial connue et reconnue, de plus en plus prescrite en entreprise, ce sont les années 2000 qui auront consacré cette pratique débarquée sur les cotes françaises au début des années 90. Même si des opuscules de synthèse ou des livres à vocation encyclopédique coproduits par des académiques et des professionnels soucieux de clarification pédagogique se multiplient, les connaissances qui se déploient de part et d’autre s’expriment par une tension difficilement réductible entre mondes différents, au risque de figer représentations et pratiques et de friser parfois la caricature. D’une part, la communauté des praticiens, principalement au travers des fédérations professionnelles, estime avoir défini les contours d’un coaching déontologique désormais arrivé à maturité. D’autre part, la revue de la littérature francophone montre que plusieurs sources disciplinaires irriguent la recherche sur le coaching en entreprise. Le berceau psychologique et psychosociologique orienté développement personnel et apprentissage comportemental ; la critique sociologique plus ou moins alarmiste et virulente ; le constat anthropologique et philosophique avec la quête de lien et de sens ; la littérature à vocation gestionnaire quant à elle se montre soucieuse d’instrumenter une pratique de gestion des ressources humaines au service de la performance des managers et des entreprises. Ce constat polyphonique invite à questionner les traverses du coaching selon les trois perspectives sémantiques du terme « traverses » : les traverses en tant que supports et fondements, les traverses en tant que chemins de biais, inédits ou en émergence et enfin les traverses en tant que pièges ou obstacles à identifier.
Le marché français du coaching
Authors: Cloët Héloïse , Vernazobres Philippe 
Published: May 2011

Résumé Cet article met en exergue un des mécanismes de régulation du marché du coaching, à savoir les conventions de qualité. Il en précise le contenu et les limites. Dans un premier temps, le choix du recours au cadre théorique conventionnaliste est justifié par la nature de la prestation de services qu’est le coaching, tout à la fois mode, innovation et parente du conseil en management. Suite à cette revue de littérature, la place est faite à une étude empirique fondée sur l’analyse des procédures d’accréditation et des chartes de déontologie mises en place par les principales associations de coaching, dites "instances de référence". Cette étude, descriptive et critique débouche sur des recommandations à l’usage des principales parties prenantes du coaching : les coachs, les formateurs de coachs, les RRH et les coachés.
Le coaching comme « art de la conversation »
Authors: Paul Maela 
Published: May 2011

Résumé Si la référence n’est pas systématique, on tend à s’accorder sur le fait que le coaching est bien une forme d’accompagnement. Cette réflexion interroge à nouveau la posture d’accompagnement à laquelle se réfère le coaching. Celle-ci est susceptible d’induire un type de relation dont on ne cesse de mesurer les enjeux socio-politiques et les changements qu’ils engagent en termes de posture professionnelle. C’est en abordant le coaching comme « art de la conversation » que se dégagent ici un certain nombre de ses caractéristiques les plus propres.
Coaching, l'autre rive
Authors: Richez Yves 
Published: May 2011

Résumé Le coaching français est comme une rivière dont une seule rive serait fréquentée. L’eau (en tant que courant d’idées), plutôt que de creuser le nécessaire sillon qui permet à la rivière de suivre une direction naturelle, se disperse « n’importe comment » en inondant le monde du coaching. Notre article propose une catégorisation théorique du coaching, d’un côté le coaching vernaculaire, de l’autre le coaching véhiculaire. Le premier se réfère à une régionalité paradigmatique et ne porte sa vérité (alètheia) que dans la culture où il s’est développé. Le second, quant à lui, pose l’hypothèse d’une pratique universelle, indépendamment de la culture. C’est pourquoi le coaching véhiculaire s’attache au mode opératoire (modus operandi), au potentiel (potentia) et non à la pensée, à l’idée ou à la connaissance de l’intelligible liée à l’être. La potentia devient l’objet fondateur de cette catégorisation.
Le coaching est-il une vocation ?
Authors: Chavel Thierry 
Published: May 2011

Résumé Le développement du coaching en entreprise signale que toute profession est d’abord une profession de foi. Du point de vue du praticien, la vocation n’est pas un critère discriminant parmi des motivations professionnelles hybrides et mercantiles ; mais du point de vue du client, le coaching est un pèlerinage vers soi, dévoilant le sens profond qui transcende la notion standard de performance. Il participe ainsi d’une initiation à une nouvelle gnose managériale plutôt que des sciences humaines appliquées à la gestion.
Magnetic inverse modelling of a dike using the artificial neural network approach
Authors: Alimoradi Andisheh , Angorani Saeed , Ebrahimzadeh Mehrnoosh , Shariat Panahi Masoud 
Published: May 2011

ABSTRACTArtificial neural systems have been used in a variety of problems in the fields of science and engineering. Here we describe a study of the application of neural networks in solving some geophysical inverse problems. In particular, we try to estimate the depth of dikes using magnetic data and a three‐layer feed forward neural network. The network is trained by synthetic data as input and output. For forward neural network training we use the back‐propagation algorithm. Results indicate that forward neural networks, if adequately trained, can predict a reasonably accurate depth for dikes. The proposed method was applied to magnetic data over the Darmian Iron field in Iran. Results were compared to real values from well data and proved the good performance of the trained neural network in predicting the dike’s depth.
Single-Cell Analysis of the Human T Regulatory Population Uncovers Functional Heterogeneity and Instability within FOXP3+ Cells
Authors: d’Hennezel Eva , Yurchenko Ekaterina , Sgouroudis Evridiki , Hay Valérie , Piccirillo Ciriaco A. 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
Natural FOXP3+CD4+CD25High regulatory T cells are critical in immunological self-tolerance. Their characterization in humans is hindered by the failure to discriminate these cells from activated effector T cells in inflammation. To explore the relationship between FOXP3 expression and regulatory function at the clonal level, we used a single-cell cloning strategy of CD25-expressing CD4+ T cell subsets from healthy human donors. Our approach unveils a functional heterogeneity nested within CD4+CD25HighFOXP3+ T cells, and typically not revealed by conventional bulk assays. Whereas most cells display the canonical regulatory T (Treg) cell characteristics, a significant proportion of FOXP3+ T cells is compromised in its suppressive function, despite the maintenance of other phenotypic and functional regulatory T hallmark features. In addition, these nonsuppressive FOXP3+ T cells preferentially emerge from the CD45RO+ memory pool, and arise as a consequence of a rapid downregulation of FOXP3 expression upon T cell reactivation. Surprisingly, these dysfunctional Treg cells with unstable FOXP3 expression do not manifest overt plasticity in terms of inflammatory cytokine secretion. These results open a path to an extensive study of the functional heterogeneity of CD4+CD25HighFOXP3+ Treg cells and warrant caution in the sole use of FOXP3 as a clinical marker for monitoring of immune regulation in humans.
IL-13 Induces Skin Fibrosis in Atopic Dermatitis by Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin
Authors: Oh Min-Hee , Oh Sun Young , Yu Jinho , Myers Allen C. , Leonard Warren J. , Liu Yong Jun , Zhu Zhou , Zheng Tao 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
Skin fibrotic remodeling is a major feature in human atopic dermatitis (AD). Inflammation and tissue fibrosis are common consequences of Th2 responses. Elevated IL-13 and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) have been found in the AD skin lesions. Fibrocytes can be recruited to inflamed tissues to promote wound healing and fibrosis. Dermal transgenic expression of IL-13 causes an AD-like phenotype with fibrosis and increased TSLP. However, the role of TSLP in fibrotic remodeling is unknown. In this study, we investigated the role of TSLP and fibrocytes in the generation of IL-13–induced skin fibrosis. In AD lesion, cessation of IL-13 transgene expression resulted in reduced skin inflammation but with no effect on further progression of fibrosis. This was accompanied by markedly increased CD34+/procollagen 1+ fibrocytes. Furthermore, fibrocytes express TSLP receptor (TSLPR), and TSLP directly promotes PBMC-derived fibrocytes to produce collagen. Neutralization of TSLP or genetic deletion of TSLPR in IL-13 transgenic mice resulted in a significant reduction in fibrocytes and in skin fibrosis. Furthermore, reduction of fibrosis by depletion of TSLP was independent of IL-13. Interestingly, the number of fibrocytes was highly increased in the skin samples of AD patients. These data indicate that the progression of skin fibrosis in IL-13–induced AD occurs via TSLP/TSLPR-dependent but IL-13–independent novel mechanisms by promoting fibrocyte functions.
Screening of Wild-Type Fungal Isolates for Cellulolytic Activity
Authors: Doolotkeldieva T.D. , Bobusheva S.T. 
Published: May 2011

Background In this study, wild-type fungal isolates, producing highly effective cellulolytic enzymes were selected for bioconversion of residues and waste from agriculture and rational utilization of energy resources for food production. Methods We screened wild-type fungal isolates of Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Trichoderma with an enhanced ability to produce extracellular cellulase. We carried out solid-state fermentation on a medium of agricultural waste products, including wheat bran, beet peels, and cotton oil cake, as well as additional sources of nitrogen and mineral elements. Enzyme production by the fungal isolates was detected within 14 days of cultivation. Results Of 17 strains of Trichoderma, Aspergillus, and Penicillium tested, we identified Penicillium strain K-2-25 and Trichoderma lignorium strain T-22 to have high cellulolytic activity. K-2-25 demonstrated the highest activity after 48 hours of cultivation. T-22 also showed significant cellulolytic activity. Penicillium strain K-2-25 showed cellulolytic activity for 98–270 hours during cultivation, and the amount of reduced glucose was 945 mg. T. lignorium T-22 was the second most active strain, with glucose reduction of 835 mg. Conclusion The strains K-2-25 and T-22 will are be recommended for biotechnological applications, especially for bioconversion of poor hardly decomposable vegetable waste products, such as like straw, into useful biomass.
A Note on Randers Metrics of Scalar Flag Curvature
Authors: Chen Bin , Zhao Lili 
Published: May 2011

AbstractSome families of Randers metrics of scalar flag curvature are studied in this paper. Explicit examples that are neither locally projectively flat nor of isotropic S-curvature are given. Certain Randers metrics with Einstein α are considered and proved to be complex. Three dimensional Randers manifolds, with α having constant scalar curvature, are studied.
Non-Discrete Complex Hyperbolic Triangle Groups of Type (n,n, ∞;k)
Authors: Kamiya Shigeyasu , Parker John R. , Thompson James M. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractA complex hyperbolic triangle group is a group generated by three involutions fixing complex lines in complex hyperbolic space. Our purpose in this paper is to improve a previous result and to discuss discreteness of complex hyperbolic triangle groups of type (n,n, ∞;k).
A Comparison of the Cell Compatibility of Poly(ethyleneimine) with that of other Cationic Biopolymers Used in Applications at Biointerfaces
Authors: Heurich Erik , Zankovych Sergiy , Beyer Markus , Schnabelrauch Matthias , Berg Albrecht , Jandt Klaus D. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractPoly(ethyleneimine) (PEI) is used as an initiating base layer or intermediate layer for layer‐by‐layer (LBL) technology. Since PEI is potentially cytotoxic in solution, it is necessary to investigate the influence of the physical properties of PEI layers on osteoblast cells. Therefore, the first aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that there is no statistically significant difference of cell adhesion, proliferation, and viability in response to nanometer thin polymer layers of PEI compared to other well‐known polymers. The second aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that the amine‐substituted dextran (aminodextran (AMD)) adheres well on Ti and can be used as a polymer coating in biomaterials applications. Titanium samples were coated with PEI, poly‐L‐lysine (PLL), or AMD using dip coating. The polymer films were investigated with ellipsometry, atomic force microscopy, contact angle measurements, and X‐ray‐photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Cell adhesion, proliferation, and viability tests were carried out using osteoblast‐like cells (CAL‐72). Thin polymer layers below 10 nm layer thickness were found on the Ti surfaces. It was shown for the first time that base layers of PEI with nanometer thickness do not affect the bone cell reaction negatively. PEI, therefore, can be used as a functional base layer for LBL functionalization of metallic implants. AMD can be used in biomedical applications but does not adhere on titanium without an adhesion promoter.
Wafer‐Scale Fabrication of Ordered Binary Colloidal Monolayers with Adjustable Stoichiometries
Authors: Vogel Nicolas , de Viguerie Laurence , Jonas Ulrich , Weiss Clemens K. , Landfester Katharina 
Published: May 2011

AbstractColloidal monolayers with high order and increased complexity beyond plain hexagonal packing geometries are useful for 2D templating of surface nanostructures and lithographic applications. Here, binary colloidal monolayers featuring a close‐packed monolayer of large spheres (L) with a superlattice of small particles (S) are prepared in a single step using a Langmuir trough. Adjustment of the stoichiometry of the two particle types at the air–water interface leads to a high degree of control over the occupation of the interstitial sites in the close‐packed layer of large spheres by the small colloids. Thus, large areas of binary 2D crystals with LS2, LS6, and LS9 structures are fabricated in a controlled way. The process allows the formation of binary crystals over a wide range of particle size ratios from 0.19 to 0.40. The pH value of the subphase can be used to enhance the crystallization process by changing the contact angle of the particles at the interface. An interfacial polymerization of butyl cyanoacrylate is used to directly image the contact angle of the colloids at the interface. Transfer to solid substrates is achieved by a surface lowering technique. A variety of substrates with arbitrary topographies can thus be decorated with colloidal monolayers. Applied to a lithographic process, such monolayer architectures allow the generation of complex patterns, not accessible with conventional close‐packed monolayers.
Microfluidic Chips for Point‐of‐Care Immunodiagnostics
Authors: Gervais Luc , de Rooij Nico , Delamarche Emmanuel 
Published: May 2011

AbstractWe might be at the turning point where research in microfluidics undertaken in academia and industrial research laboratories, and substantially sponsored by public grants, may provide a range of portable and networked diagnostic devices. In this Progress Report, an overview on microfluidic devices that may become the next generation of point‐of‐care (POC) diagnostics is provided. First, we describe gaps and opportunities in medical diagnostics and how microfluidics can address these gaps using the example of immunodiagnostics. Next, we conceptualize how different technologies are converging into working microfluidic POC diagnostics devices. Technologies are explained from the perspective of sample interaction with components of a device. Specifically, we detail materials, surface treatment, sample processing, microfluidic elements (such as valves, pumps, and mixers), receptors, and analytes in the light of various biosensing concepts. Finally, we discuss the integration of components into accurate and reliable devices.
A general compartment‐based population balance model for particle coating and layered granulation
Authors: Li Jianfeng , Freireich Ben , Wassgren Carl , Litster James D. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractIn this work, a general multidimensional population balance (PB) model is developed to predict the coating volume distribution on polydisperse particles as a function of time during particle coating in a paddle mixer. The model adopts a compartmental approach to account for coating variation caused by particle flow heterogeneity. Simulations show that for a realistic range of seed particle size polydispersity and coating mass applied, the coating volume distribution depends on the growth rate exponent and seed particle size distribute on, with the coating volume coefficient of variance (CoV) approaching an asymptotic value as the coating‐to‐particle volume ratio increases. These effects cannot be predicted by simpler one‐dimensional models. However, the full two‐dimensional PB and simpler one‐dimensional models such as Mann's equation do predict similar sensitivity of coating volume CoV to the variation in the compartment model parameters, i.e., to changes in the particle mixing behavior in the vessel. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2012
Influence of slow diffusing species on mixture diffusion of hexane isomers in silicalite: Characterization by a new cyclic method
Authors: Lettat Kader , Jolimaitre Elsa , Tayakout Mélaz , Tondeur Daniel 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe feasibility of mono‐ and di‐branched paraffins separation on silicalite was evaluated by performing cyclic breakthrough experiments in liquid phase with mixtures of 2‐methylpentane (2MP), 3‐methylpentane (3MP), 2,3‐dimethylbutane (23DMB), and 2,2‐dimethylbutane (22DMB). For mixtures of the faster diffusing species (2MP, 3MP, and 23DMB), cyclic steady state is obtained from the first cycle. On the other hand, when the slow diffusing species 22DMB is involved, a slow accumulation occurs from cycle to cycle, yielding a change of the breakthrough curves for all the species. Using a diffusion model especially adapted to adsorbent saturation loading, the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of 22DMB were estimated. Influence of the cycling conditions on the separation performance were finally studied by simulation. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2012
Settling of particles in liquids: Effects of material properties
Authors: Dong K. J. , Yang R. Y. , Zou R. P. , Yu A. B. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThis article presents a numerical study on the settling of uniform spheres in liquids by means of the discrete element method. The effects of particle and liquid properties, such as particle size, Hamaker constant, liquid density, and viscosity, on the formation of packed beds or cakes were studied in terms of packing fraction, radial distribution function (RDF), and coordination number (CN). The results showed that the packing fraction of a cake increases with increasing particle size but decreases with increasing the Hamaker constant, liquid density, and viscosity. RDF and CN also change correspondingly: packings with lower packing fraction generally have RDFs with fewer peaks and smaller mean CNs. A good correlation between packing fraction and other structural properties was identified. The analysis of the particle‐particle and liquid‐particle interactions showed that the packing properties are mainly affected by the ratio of the interparticle cohesion to the effective gravity of particles. The previously proposed equation linking packing fraction with the interparticle forces has been extended to incorporate the impact‐induced pressure force in a settling process. Based on the modified equation, the effects of key variables on the relationship between packing fraction and particle size were re‐examined for general application. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2012.
A novel 800 kb microduplication of chromosome 16q22.1 resulting in learning disability and epilepsy may explain phenotypic variability in a family with 15q13 microdeletion
Authors: Banka Siddharth , Fitzgibbon Gregory J. , Gaunt Lorraine , Rankin Wendy J. , Clayton‐Smith Jill 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe phenotype of 15q13.3 microdeletion is variable and can be non‐penetrant. Recently, “second‐hit hypothesis” has been proposed as a possible explanation for some variability in recurrent microdeletion syndromes. We present a family with a 1.9 Mb 15q13.3 deletion and a novel 800 kb 16q22.1duplication. We show that the 16q22.1 duplication may be a phenotypic modifier in this family and likely results in epilepsy and learning difficulties. We state the possible genes in this region that may be important in neurological development and function. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.