bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
De Neerslag Van Het Echtreglement in De Trouwregisters Van Margraten En Vaals
Authors: Munier W. A. J. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractOn the 18th of March 1656 the States General issued the Marriage Regulation Act for all the territories which were placed under the immediate authority of the Right Honourable Lords in the Hague. To these also belonged the Lands of Overmaas even though the sovereignty over these territories was not quite clear. Other relevant questions would be settled in the Partage Treaty of 1661(3). Nevertheless the Marriage Regulation Act was enforced in all the places where the States General had a say from 1656 onwards. But in Vaals the Act could only be promulgated in 1663. The aim of the Marriage Regulation Act was to control marriage and marital life of all its citizens in every detail of life. This was especially true of the contract itself. Roman Catholic priests were rigorously forbidden to interfere. Official recognition, also of Roman Catholic marriages, was made conditional on the marriage contracted before the Ministers of the Reformed Church and the councils of the parishes concerned. But it was also made possible to contract a marriage before a civil authority called the court of aldermen. Going by the written documents of the time less use than was expected was made of this possibility. Of these civic contracts in the Lands of Overmaas separate registers have been kept of Margraten and Vaals only. In this article an investigation is made on the part both authorities have played in the marriage contract of the Roman Catholic citizens in both places. It covers the period of 1656-1795. In the latter year the French Republicans made an end to the Government of the States General in the Lands of Overmaas.
Where is Jesus 'at Home'? Hermeneutical Reflections on the Contextual Jesus
Authors: Brinkman Martien 
Published: July 2010

This article deals with the new meanings contributed to Jesus in new contexts. It questions how Jesus can be brought 'at home' in an African or Asian context. In particular, the methodological aspects of this question are objects of research. First, following a description of the complex relationship between culture-religion and the importance of the southern hemisphere as the center of world Christianity, the inculturation process in the New Testament times is analyzed. Second, the notion of the 'remembered Jesus' is applied to the inculturation process in the New Testament and to the constitutive period of the early church. Third, a threefold criterion to assess contextual Jesus-interpretations is articulated and related to the idea of
double transformation
as main characteristic of an adequate inculturation process. Fourth, the question is asked whether we can speak of an 'unknown, hidden Jesus' in Asia and Africa.
Vocation, Christendom, and Public Life: A Reformed Assessment of Yoder's Anabaptist Critique of Christendom
Authors: Schuurman Douglas 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIn this article I reflect upon the implications of Christendom for Christian vocation. It begins by describing the condition of Christendom in the United States. Then it traces John Howard Yoder's critique of Christendom. Finally, it assesses Yoder's critique with a view to a revised understanding of the public vocation of the Christian in a post-Christendom USA. Part of that assessment involves distinguishing three forms of Christendom: state-enforced Christendom, voluntary cultural Christendom, and Christian culture within the church as minority community of obedient witness. I propose that Reformed vocation should join embrace Yoder's rejection of state-enforced Christendom and affirm his call to develop Christian culture as a minority community. But unlike Yoder Reformed vocation requires Christians, where possible, to work toward voluntary Christendom in the broader society.
Economic Justice as Social Justice in a Globalized World: A Theological Analysis
Authors: Ulshöfer Gotlind 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis article discusses the understanding of economic justice in the Accra Confession. It develops the notion of economic justice as social justice in a globalized world. By analyzing the discourse on corporate social responsibility in the European Union, it shows the importance of the interdependence of social responsibility and economic justice and vice versa.
A Theological Evaluation of the South African Constitutional Value of Human Dignity
Authors: Vorster Nico 
Published: July 2010

AbstractOne of the key objectives of the South African constitution is to create a sovereign democratic state founded upon human dignity. The South African Constitutional Court relies mainly on the classical, liberal view of human dignity to give judicial content to the constitutional value of human dignity. This article compares the South African constitutional concept of human dignity with a Reformed-Christian perspective. It identifies shortcomings in the South African constitutional understanding of human dignity, and indicates how a Christian perspective on human dignity offers a more philosophical and judical substance to human dignity.
The Rediscovery of the Meaning of Baptism—Its Contribution to a Public Theology
Authors: Brinkman Martien 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIn this contribution, I emphasize the potential public—and here that means 'societal'—impact of one of the main sacraments of the church; namely, the sacrament of baptism. I shall focus especially on the ethical implications of the sacrament of baptism as a sacrament that marks the transition to a new way of life. The thesis to be elaborated is that the sacrament of baptism, including its doctrine of original sin and its expectation of the kingdom of God, comprises the indispensable framework of a sound public theology understood as a theology of societal renewal.
The Trinity between Athens and Jerusalem
Authors: Schwöbel Christoph 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis article uncovers the roots of the doctrine of the Trinity in the 'prototrinitarian grammar of discourse on God' of the New Testament and in its Old Testament presuppositions. Contrary to the well-worn thesis of Harnack, it is argued that it was Jerusalem rather than Athens—i.e., the biblical witness rather than Greek metaphysics—that gave rise to the dogma of the Trinity. Greek metaphysics only came in when the early Christians had to express the universality of the truth they claimed for God's self-disclosure through Christ in the Spirit by engaging with Greek philosophy. This was a risky experiment, since it implied a conceptual redefinition that went against the doctrine's original import. It is shown, however, that the crucial link to the biblical witness was re-established by the Cappadocian fathers and subsequently adopted by the Council of Constantinople (381).
Karl Barth regarding Election and Israel: For Jewish-Christian Mutuality in Interreligious Context
Authors: Chung Paul S. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractCan Barth’s theology contribute to the development of post-Shoa theology? It is argued in the North American context that Barth remains tied to a Christian tradition of anti-Semitism. Scholars committed to renewal of Jewish-Christian relations learn from the radical legacy of Barth’s theology of Israel while at the same time critically distancing themselves from his limitations. This paper attempts to analyze Barth’s theology of election and Israel for the sake of Jewish-Christian mutuality and its implications for interreligious peace.
From Rome to Kampala: An Analysis of Article 124 of the Statute of the International Criminal Court
Authors: Scheers Ivar 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe essay elaborates on Article 124 of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, which allows states parties to deny the Court jurisdiction over war crimes for a maximum period of seven years, upon signing the Statute. The article firstly, touches upon the provision from an historical point of view. Secondly, it addresses the reasons and effects of the two declarations invoking the article that have been made so far reflects the practical side of the provision. The body of the essay exemplifies the arguments in favour of both deletion and retention of Article 124, as proposed by states parties of the International Criminal Court and NGOs. It argues that states parties should decide to remove the provision from the Statute, due to its discrepancy with the preamble of the Statute, the concessive conjunction of its existence and its relative lack of use. The essay concludes with addressing the remaining procedural constraints of deletion of the provision, seeking to clarify the future consequences such a deletion might entail.
Sex, Slavery and the High Court of Australia: The Contribution of R v. Tang to International Jurisprudence
Authors: Tully Stephen 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe judgment of the High Court of Australia in R v. Tang is a significant contribution to jurisprudence on the definition of slavery under international law. This case considered whether the intention of the perpetrator was a necessary element for the prosecution of that offence under Australian law. The High Court also preserved the conceptual integrity of slavery, evaluated the decisions in Kunarac and Siliadin, identified the powers attaching to the right of ownership as that expression appears in the 1926 and 1956 Slavery Conventions and employed a human rights orientation to contemporary manifestations of slavery. Although considerable practical challenges remain for enforcing the prohibition against slavery in Australia, R v. Tang marks a significant precedent likely to influence future international jurisprudence on the topic.
The Eyewitnesses as Interpreters of the Past: Reflections on Richard Bauckham's, Jesus and the Eyewitnesses
Authors: Byrskog Samuel 
Published: July 2010

AbstractRichard Bauckham's Jesus and the Eyewitnesses is a remarkable achievement which rightly places the role of eyewitnesses in early Christianity on the international scholarly agenda and points to its historical and theological significance. Just as Bauckham has previously challenged form criticism on its uncritical reference to Gospels communities, he has now decisively undermined the romantic idea of the existence of creative collectives determined by impersonal laws of how tradition originates and develops. The present essay questions his confident use of the names mentioned in the Gospels and asks for clarification as to the precise relationship between eyewitnesses and history and the nature of their recollection. It also points to and exemplifies the rhetorical character of the Gospel of Mark as an indication of how reports about the past were interpreted, rhetoricized, and narrativized and asks how precisely to account for the infl uence of eyewitnesses when they were not longer present in the transmitting groups and the Christian communities.
Polemics as a Case for Dissent: A Response to Richard Bauckham's Jesus and the Eyewitnesses
Authors: Weeden Sr. Theodore 
Published: July 2010

AbstractContra Richard Bauckham's thesis that the Gospels of Mark, Luke and John were based upon original eyewitness testimony—in the case of Luke, the preface declaration; in the case of Mark, Peter's testimony; in the case of John, the testimony of Papias' John the Elder—I submit here evidence to the contrary, focusing my response on Luke and Mark With respect to Luke, I propose, drawing upon the works of Loveday Alexander and Joseph Tyson, that the Lukan preface is a second-century anti-Marcionite appendage to ‘original’ Luke. In the case of Mark, apart from any Petrine testimony, I argue that Mark created the passion narrative in large part from Davidic-saga and Josephan hypotexts.
Kenneth Bailey's Theory of Oral Tradition: Critiquing Theodore Weeden's Critique
Authors: Dunn James 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis article is a response to the critique of Kenneth Bailey's depiction of oral tradition made by Theodore Weeden in the preceding essay. The anecdotal evidence for the thesis certainly leaves the thesis open to criticism, but Weeden's critique suffers from a resolute antipathy to Bailey's thesis; it misrepresents the point Bailey is making on several occasions, and it consistently misunderstands the way oral tradition functions, which Bailey's examples well illustrate. Bailey's theory in fact provides a better explanation for the enduring nature and format of the Synoptic Jesus tradition, its repeated character of the same yet different, than any of the alternative predominantly literary explanations.
Jewish Art, Naturally
Authors: Zemel Carol 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis essay sets out an agenda for the study of modern Jewish visual culture. Topics and issues raised encompass questions of idolatry, the ethics of visuality and picturing the unrepresentable, nationalism in traditional cultural historiography, diasporic art production, and a suggested review of Jewish cultural issues in theorists such as Aby Warburg, Erwin Panofsky and others of the interwar generation.
Two Faces of Eve: Polemics and Controversies Viewed Through Pictorial Motifs
Authors: Laderman Shulamit 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe appearance of the enigmatic woman-headed serpent in both Christian and Jewish art of the thirteenth century can be understood as a reflection of the historical developments of that period. The widespread influence of the Cathar/Albigensian dualistic heresy in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries brought about a strong Church reaction, and the Inquisition that eliminated the heresy. The Jews were caught in the middle of this inquisitorial campaign and, in order to defend themselves, had to disassociate themselves from the dualistic ideas expressed by the Kabbalah and at the same time also prove their allegiance to the Old Testament. Their use of particular Christian models in biblical and non-biblical illuminated manuscripts at that point in time may well be a graphic indication of the Jews' precarious position in medieval Christian society.
Sweatshop Images: Jewish History and Memory
Authors: Baigell Matthew 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis essay considers twentieth-century images of and attitudes about Jewish immigrants who worked in sweatshops. Initially, the shops were represented as places harmful to the health of workers and their families. By 1920, the shops might represent a place and state of mind from which to escape. In the politically charged 1930s, they were seen as places of militant union organizing that ultimately led to better working and housing facilities. Finally, sweatshops became virtual places in the memories of younger generation artists memorializing their forebears. Artists discussed include Jacob Riis, William Gropper, Ben Shahn, Carol Hamoy, and Ken Aptekar.
The Homer of Potsdamerplatz—Walter Benjamin in Wim Wenders's Sky Over Berlin/Wings of Desire, a Critical Topography
Authors: Bordo Jonathan 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe essay explores the deep and pervasive influence of Walter Benjamin in Wim Wenders's Der Himmel über Berlin (The Sky over Berlin under the English title Wings of Desire). The essay draws its title from the Benjaminean storyteller named “Homer” in the film, whose search for the lost Potsdamerplatz is the theme of his principal recitation. The text offers a chorography of Potsdamerplatz to show why Wim Wenders needs Walter Benjamin as his companion in order to recover the heart and soul of the then divided city of Berlin, still submerged in the nightmare of its recent Nazi past. Wenders's dependency on Walter Benjamin sheds light on and gives content to the filmmaker's ambition to make film as an art of memory. Without making any obvious declarations about the Holocaust, Himmel über Berlin points a way toward a civic remembrance that goes beyond the piety of the monument and the politics of identity to fuse urgency with inwardness in a treasure house of memorable images.
Ceremonial Objects in Early Seventeenth-Century Amsterdam: Three Inventories of Bet Israel Dated 1619, 1620, and 1635
Authors: Cohen Julie-Marthe 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThree inventories of ceremonial objects were compiled by the Portuguese Jewish community of Bet Israel in Amsterdam in 1619, 1620, and 1635. This article presents the original Portuguese text, its translation, and a commentary, preceded by an introduction discussing the process of the congregation's acquisition of ceremonial objects. The information in these early inventories, along with additional data from contemporaneous sources, increases our otherwise limited knowledge about early Dutch Sephardic customs, about the types and shapes of various objects, and about the people who donated them.
Examining the Utility of Third World Approaches to International Law for International Human Rights Law
Authors: Badaru Opeoluwa Adetoro 
Published: July 2010

AbstractWith the gradual emergence of Third World Approaches to International Law (TWAIL), there arises a necessity to examine its utility as an academic endeavour, particularly within the context of international human rights law. Questions need to be asked as to what benefits – if any – the adoption of TWAIL (either as a method of inquiry or as a subject of inquiry) offers researchers in the field of human rights law. In the same vein, the time is also ripe for scholars to engage with the important question of whether there are some shortcomings that TWAIL needs to address in order for it to be of more benefit to the human rights discourse.
Feminism, Modern Philosophy and the Future of Legitimacy of International Constitutionalism
Authors: Krivenko Ekaterina Yahyaoui 
Published: July 2010

AbstractInternational constitutionalism relates to processes of limiting traditionally unrestricted powers of states as ultimate subjects, law-makers and law-enforcers of international law. Human rights occupy a central, but very confusing and confused role in the theorisation of international constitutionalism. If feminist scholars have criticised the inadequacies, shortcomings and gaps of international law of human rights at least since 1991, the doctrine of international law theorising constitutionalisation of international law until now has remained blind to these critiques idealising human rights and often using them as the ultimate legitimating factor. Thus, legitimacy and legality become confused and the distinction between them blurred in the doctrine of international constitutionalism. This in turn creates a danger of failure of the constitutionalists project itself, as it will serve to reinforce existing inadequacies and gaps in human rights protection. To illustrate this argument, I discuss some examples related to the protection of women's and migrants' rights. In order to avoid this dangerous development, I argue that international lawyers theorising international constitutionalism shall adopt an adequate, inclusive notion of legitimacy. In order to develop this adequate understanding of legitimacy, they should first take seriously feminist and other critiques of international human rights law and international law more generally. In the final parts of this article I develop my own more detailed proposals on the future of legitimacy and international constitutionalism. In doing so, I draw on the 'self-correcting learning process' developed in the writings of Jürgen Habermas, 'democracy to come' and more general views on the nature of sovereignty and human rights expressed by Jacques Derrida, as well as Levinasian 'responsibility-to-and-for-the-Other'.
International Norms and Domestic Practices in Regard to ILO Convention No. 169 ‐ with Special Reference to Articles 1 and 13‐19
Authors: Joona Tanja 
Published: July 2010

AbstractInternational organizations are considered to be central actors on the stage of world politics. They are not simply passive collections of rules or structures through which others act. Rather, they are considered to be active agents of global change. International organizations are often the actors to whom we defer when it comes to defining meanings, norms of good behaviour, the nature of social actors, and categories of legitimate social action in the world. The article has an interdisciplinary approach to the International Labour Organisation (ILO) and its Convention No. 169 concerning Indigenous and Tribal Peoples in Independent countries. The approaches of international relations and international law helps explain the power the ILO exercises in national and world politics. These insights are illustrated by exploring why state agents comply with norms promoted by the regime of ILO Convention No. 169. The article briefly introduces the historical approach of the ILO to indigenous issues and the complexity related to the concept of indigenousness; the highly relevant debate when states are considering the ratification of the Convention and even when implementing it. The Committee of Experts on the Application of Conventions and Recommendations (CEACR) in the ILO structure is the most central body guiding the States to normative and political changes in their domestic practices. It is argued that the Committee is using its authority and power through the normative regime and its supervisory mechanisms, and therefore is also interpreting the Convention. The system as a whole has effects on traditional state sovereignty and the demands of indigenous peoples’ right to self-determination. The research questions focuses also on the compliance, implementation and effectiveness of international Conventions. The article has a Nordic approach with comparison to different approaches related to Article 1 dealing with the subjects/objects of the Convention and also different land right situations (Articles 13‐19) especially in Latin America.
The International Court of Justice and International Organisations
Authors: Brölmann Catherine 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis vignette deals with the position of international intergovernmental organisations as non-state actors. In the case law of the ICJ the independent identity of international organisations is addressed in the formal terms of international legal personality. Such personality is undisputed in international practice: for example, international organisations not only have the capacity to conclude treaties but also, although the legal framework is not entirely settled yet, to bear international responsibility for violations of international law. The ICJ arguably has had a central role in the conceptualisation of organisations as independent actors in international law: with the 1949 Reparation Opinion intergovernmental organisations essentially received at one stroke the paraphernalia required by an international legal actor. The framework proposed by the Court was widely adopted to match developing practice and, although organisations figure in the majority of cases subsequently brought before the ICJ, it was considered and to some extent refined only in the 1996 Legality of the Use by a State of Nuclear Weapons in Armed Conflict Opinion.
The International Court of Justice and Companies: Is It Possible to Discern A "Structural Bias" at the Court Regarding Private Economic Enterprise?
Authors: Emberland Marius 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis article considers the role of companies as non-state actors in the practice of the International Court of Justice, as seen through the particular structuralist lens indicated in the 2006 Epilogue to the reissue of Martti Koskenniemi's From Apology to Utopia. The Epilogue refers to legal institutions' "structural bias". Its meaning is explored before the article considers whether the decisions of the ICJ in disputes that have involved the interests of companies reveal a particular "structural bias" toward private economic enterprise.