bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender differences in β‐adrenoceptor system in cardiac hypertrophy due to arteriovenous fistula
Authors: Dent Melissa R. , Tappia Paramjit S. , Dhalla Naranjan S. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis study was undertaken to determine alterations in the β‐adrenoceptor (β‐AR) signaling system in male and female rats at 4 weeks after the induction of arteriovenous (AV) fistula or shunt. AV shunt produced a greater degree of cardiac hypertrophy and larger increase in cardiac output in male than in female animals. Increases in plasma levels of norepinephrine and epinephrine (EPI) due to AV shunt were also higher in male than females. While no difference in the β1‐AR affinity was seen in males and females, AV shunt induced increase in β1‐AR density in female rats was higher than that in males. Furthermore, no changes in basal adenylyl cyclase (AC) V/VI mRNA levels were seen; however, the increase in EPI‐stimulated AC activities was greater in AV shunt females than in males. AV shunt decreased myocardial β1‐AR mRNA level in male rats and increased β2‐AR mRNA level in female hearts; an increase in Gi‐protein mRNA was detected only in male hearts. Although GRK2 gene expression was increased in both sexes, an increase in GRK3 mRNA was seen only in AV shunt female rats. β‐arrestin1 mRNA was elevated in females whereas β‐arrestin 2 gene expression was increased in both male and female AV shunt rats. While these data demonstrate gender associated differences in various components of the β‐AR system in cardiac hypertrophy due to AV shunt, only higher levels of plasma catecholamines may account for the greater increase in cardiac output and higher degree of cardiac hypertrophy in males. J. Cell. Physiol. 226: 181–186, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Role of hypoxia‐induced fibronectin‐integrin β1 expression in embryonic stem cell proliferation and migration: Involvement of PI3K/Akt and FAK
Authors: Lee Sang Hun , Lee Yu Jin , Han Ho Jae 
Published: July 2010

AbstractCell migration is largely dependent on integrin (IN) binding to the extracellular matrix, and several signaling pathways involved in these processes have been shown to be modified by hypoxia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the influence of hypoxia on fibronectin (FN) and IN β1 expression in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) and their signaling pathways to modulate proliferation. FN and IN β1 expression were significantly increased in hypoxic mESCs by 24 h. Hypoxia also increased cell attachment, which was accompanied by concomitant increases in the binding level of FN and IN β1. Hypoxia‐induced FN expression was mediated by increased phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) phosphorylation, and hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α) expression. Moreover, under hypoxic conditions, focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and Src phosphorylation were increased in a time‐dependent fashion; these increases were blocked by IN β1 antibody. In addition, the hypoxia induced increase of F‐actin distribution and cell migration (activation of matrix metalloproteinase‐2 and ‐9) was inhibited by IN β1 antibody. Indeed, hypoxia increased the level of cell‐cycle regulatory protein and DNA synthesis. In conclusion, hypoxia increases the proliferation and migration of mESCs via FN‐IN β1 production through the PI3K/Akt, mTOR, and HIF‐1α pathways, followed by FAK activation. J. Cell. Physiol. 226: 484–493, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synthesis of [2‐13C, 4‐13C]‐(2R,3S)‐catechin and [2‐13C, 4‐13C]‐(2R,3R)‐epicatechin
Authors: Sharma Pradeep K. , He Min , Romanczyk Leo J. , Schroeter Hagen 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe first synthesis of doubly labeled, [2‐13C, 4‐13C]‐(2R,3S)‐catechin 15 and [2‐13C, 4‐13C]‐(2R,3R)‐epicatechin 18 starting from labeled 2‐hydroxy‐4, 6‐bis(benzyloxy)acetophenone 3 and labeled 3, 4‐bis(benzyloxy)‐benzaldehyde 7 are described. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Labeling of PKC412 – a fermentative radiolabeling
Authors: Burtscher P. , Haecker H. , Moenius T. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAddition of [3‐14C]D/L‐tryptophan to the fermentation broth allowed radiofermentative labeling of staurosporine. The approach providing [4c,7a‐14C2]staurosporine in a range from 700 to 1300 MBq/mmol was straightforward and easy to handle as well as safe from a radioprotection point of view. The presented example underlines that close cooperation of microbiologists and radiochemists is a requisite for the success of this approach. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and evaluation of a11C‐labelled angiotensin II AT2receptor ligand
Authors: Åberg Ola , Stevens Marc , Lindh Jonas , Wallinder Charlotta , Hall Håkan , Monazzam Azita , Larhed Mats , Långström Bengt 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThree11C‐radiolabelled high‐affinity nonpeptide AT2receptor‐selective ligands were synthesized and one of these was evaluated as positron emission tomography (PET) tracer. The labelling reaction was performed via palladium(0)‐mediated aminocarbonylation of the aryl iodide substrate using [11C]carbon monoxide as the labelled precursor. As an example, starting with 10.0 GBq [11C]carbon monoxide, 1.10 GBq of the productN‐butoxycarbonyl‐3‐[4‐(N‐benzyl‐[11C]carbamoyl)‐phenyl]‐5‐isobutylthiophene‐2‐sulphonamide [11C]4d was obtained in 36% decay‐corrected radiochemical yield (from [11C]carbon monoxide), 42 min from end of bombardment with a specific activity of 110 GBq·µmol−1. TheN‐isopropyl‐[11C]carbamoyl‐analogue [11C]4c (radiochemical purity >95%) was studied employing autoradiography, organ distribution, and small animal PET.In vitroautoradiography showed specific binding in the pancreas and kidney. Organ distribution in six rats revealed a high uptake in the liver, intestine, kidney, and adrenals. Small animal PET showed rapid and reversible uptake in the kidneys followed by accumulation in the urinary bladder suggesting fast renal excretion of the tracer. In addition, high accumulation was also seen in the liver. For future studies, more metabolically stable tracers will need to be developed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt of the use of PET imaging for the detection of expressed, fully functional AT2receptors in living subjects. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A method for the preparation of [13C6]‐labelled 2‐substituted naphthalenes
Authors: Ellames George J. , Herbert John M. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA reliable route is described for the preparation of various 2‐substituted derivatives of [1,2,3,4,4a,8a‐13C6]‐naphthalene via the bromide 10. The approach is used to prepare [naphthalene‐1,2,3,4,4a,8a‐13C6]‐2‐(2‐bromoethyl)naphthalene (1), a key intermediate in the synthesis of labelled SR57746A, Xaliproden (2). Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
SVM based prediction of RNA‐binding proteins using binding residues and evolutionary information
Authors: Kumar Manish , Gromiha M. Michael , Raghava Gajendra P. S. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractRNA‐binding proteins (RBPs) play crucial role in transcription and gene‐regulation. This paper describes a support vector machine (SVM) based method for discriminating and classifying RNA‐binding and non‐binding proteins using sequence features. With the threshold of 30% interacting residues, RNA‐binding amino acid prediction method PPRINT achieved the Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) of 0.32. BLAST and PSI‐BLAST identified RBPs with the coverage of 32.63 and 33.16%, respectively, at the e‐value of 1e‐4. The SVM models developed with amino acid, dipeptide and four‐part amino acid compositions showed the MCC of 0.60, 0.46, and 0.53, respectively. This is the first study in which evolutionary information in form of position specific scoring matrix (PSSM) profile has been successfully used for predicting RBPs. We achieved the maximum MCC of 0.62 using SVM model based on PSSM called PSSM‐400. Finally, we developed different hybrid approaches and achieved maximum MCC of 0.66. We also developed a method for predicting three subclasses of RNA binding proteins (e.g., rRNA, tRNA, mRNA binding proteins). The performance of the method was also evaluated on an independent dataset of 69 RBPs and 100 non‐RBPs (NBPs). An additional benchmarking was also performed using gene ontology (GO) based annotation. Based on the hybrid approach a web‐server RNApred has been developed for predicting RNA binding proteins from amino acid sequences (http://www.imtech.res.in/raghava/rnapred/). Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Acidic/caustic alternating corrosion on carbon steel pipes in heat exchanger of ethylene plant
Authors: Gong Y. , Yang C. , Yao C. , Yang Z.‐G. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractCaustic embrittlement, a kind of stress corrosion cracking (SCC), is always encountered on materials under stresses amid caustic environment. Acidic corrosion is another familiar degradation on materials contacting acidic media. However, it has been seldom studied what effect would be resulted in on materials that are exposed to an acidic/caustic alternating environment. In this paper, failure events were discovered on the carbon steel pipes under such an alternating service condition due to frequent sharp fluctuations of the heat medium's (process water) pH values in a heat exchanger. What is more, even chloride ions and sulfur element were detected, i.e., pitting corrosion was involved as well. In order to identify the causes of the failure, matrix materials of the pipes were examined, failure defects on pipe surfaces were investigated, particularly the process water was thoroughly inspected via a series of characterization methods. Based on the analysis results, a novel four‐level mechanism from microscopic scale to macroscopic scale was tentatively proposed to explain such an acidic/caustic alternating corrosion.
Preparation of poly(phenylsilsesquioxane) (PPSQ) particles with ladder structure and the thermal stability of PP/PPSQ composites
Authors: Wang Xinlong , Li Jin , Wu Lianghu 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe poly(phenylsilsesquioxane) (PPSQ) particles were prepared with both basic and acidic catalyzed processes and the PP/PPSQ composites were prepared by melt blending method. Studies on PPSQ by Infrared (IR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), 29Si cross polarized (CP) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy showed that the structure of PPSQ was ladder structure. The results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed that the prepared PPSQ particles were about 2 µm with narrow size distributions. The morphology and thermal stability of PP/PPSQ composites were characterized by SEM, XRD, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The SEM result showed that the particles were well dispersed in the PP matrix and the XRD revealed that the addition of PPSQ influences the crystallinity and crystal orientation of PP. The thermogravimetric analysis results of the PP/PPSQ composites indicated that the incorporation of PPSQ can improve the thermal stability of PP. The Flynn–Wall–Ozawa method was employed to analyze the TGA data and the kinetic results showed that the apparent activation energy for PP/PPSQ composites was much higher than that of neat PP, suggesting that the PPSQ influences the mechanisms of pyrolysis of PP. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Uncross‐linked polypropylene (PP)/ethylene‐propylene‐diene (EPDM)/multi walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) and dynamically vulcanized PP/EPDM/MWCNT nanocomposites
Authors: Min Kyoung‐Tae , Kim Gue‐Hyun 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIn this study, relatively large amounts of polypropylene (PP), ethylene‐propylene‐diene (EPDM), and multi‐walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) were melt‐mixed with and without DCP. Dynamically vulcanized PP/EPDM (TPV)/MWCNT nanocomposites were prepared by two methods: the MWCNTs were added either before or after the dynamic vulcanization of the blends. The effects of composition, rotor speed, and dynamic vulcanization on their surface resistivity were investigated. The surface resistivity of uncross‐linked PP/EPDM/MWCNT nanocomposites increases with increasing the content of EPDM. At PP/EPDM (70/30 wt%) nanocomposite with 1.5 phr MWCNT, slightly lower surface resistivity is obtained by increasing the rotor speed during mixing. However, for PP/EPDM (50/50 wt%) and PP/EPDM (30/70 wt%) nanocomposites, surface resistivity decreases with increasing the rotor speed from 30 to 60 rpm. But further increase in rotor speed (90 rpm) leads to an increase of surface resistivity. When the MWCNTs were added after the dynamic vulcanization of the blends, the surface resistivity of TPV70/MWCNTnanocomposite is lower than that of uncross‐linked PP/EPDM/MWCNT nanocomposite. However, when the MWCNTs were added before the dynamic vulcanization of the blends, the surface resistivity of TPV70/MWCNT nanocomposite is >1012 Ω/square. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis of poly(arylene ether sulfone)‐block‐sulfonated polybutadiene: the selective post‐sulfonation of block copolymers as proton exchange membranes
Authors: Zhao Yuan , Yin Jie 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA series of poly(arylene ether sulfone)‐block‐sulfonated polybutadiene (PAES‐b‐sPB) with different ion exchange capacities (IECs) were synthesized and evaluated as proton exchange membranes (PEMs) for possible applications in fuel cells. These sulfonated block copolymers were synthesized via condensation reaction between modified PAES and PB prepolymers, followed by selective post‐sulfonation of PB blocks using acetyl sulfate as the sulfonating reagent. The sulfonic groups were only attached onto PB blocks due to the high reactivity of double bonds to acetyl sulfate. The success of synthesis and selective post‐sulfonation were all confirmed by the Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra. PAES‐b‐sPB had good film‐forming ability and thermal stability. Mechanical properties of membranes varied with the sulfonation. The presence of sulfonic groups increased the tensile strength and Young's modulus but decreased the elongation at break. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images showed large ionic aggregates in membranes. Phase separation as well as the interconnected sulfonate groups which only localized on flexible PB blocks led to these ionic domains. The proton conductivity increased with the increasing IEC and temperature. With relatively low IEC, most membranes still exhibited sufficient proton conductivity. The above results indicated this strategy could be a prospective choice to prepare novel PEMs. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characterization of the proteomes associating with three distinct membrane raft sub‐types in murine sperm
Authors: Asano Atsushi , Nelson Jacquelyn L. , Zhang Sheng , Travis Alexander J. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractMammalian sperm are transcriptionally and translationally inactive. To meet changing needs in the epididymis and female tract, they rely heavily on post‐translational modifications and protein acquisition/degradation. Membrane rafts are sterol and sphingolipid‐enriched micro‐domains that organize and regulate various pathways. Rafts have significance in sperm by transducing the stimulus of sterol efflux into changes in intracellular signaling that confer fertilization competence. We recently characterized three biochemically distinct sub‐types of sperm rafts, and now present profiles for proteins targeting to and associating with these sub‐types, along with a fraction largely comprised of “non‐raft” domains. Proteomics analysis using a gel‐based LC‐MS/MS approach identified 190 strictly validated proteins in the raft sub‐types. Interestingly, many of these are known to be expressed in the epididymis, where sperm membrane composition matures. To investigate potential roles for rafts in epididymal protein acquisition, we compared the expression and localization of two different sterol‐interacting proteins, apolipoprotein‐A1 (apoA1) and prominin‐1 (prom1) in sperm from different zones. We found that apoA1 was gradually added to the plasma membrane overlying the acrosome, whereas prom1 was not, suggesting different mechanisms for raft protein acquisition. Our results define raft‐associating proteins, demonstrate functional similarities and differences among raft sub‐types, and provide insights into raft‐mediated epididymal protein acquisition.
Development of selected reaction monitoring‐MS methodology to measure peptide biomarkers in prostate cancer
Authors: Yocum Anastasia K. , Khan Amjad P. , Zhao Rong , Chinnaiyan Arul M. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractProstate cancer is a leading cause of cancer‐related death. The current modality of diagnosis, the measurement of serum PSA, not only suffers from lack of specificity, but does not distinguish clinical cases in which current treatment measures would be most successful, i.e. aggressive, life‐threatening tumors. A multiplexed MS methodology, selected reaction monitoring‐MS/MS coupled with stable isotope dilution (SID), was developed and tested in both cells lines and clinical tissue samples. Standard curves were generated for two peptides representing PSA and one peptide from each of two additional orthogonally validated biomarkers, AMACR and EZH2. The standard curves show high reproducibility, sensitivity, and good linearity. All four peptides were then measured in six clinically relevant cell lines and are in agreement with the biochemical characteristics of each individual cell line. The SID selected reaction monitoring‐MS/MS methodology was then transferred to tissue samples, in which the assay shows potential to differentiate benign disease from localized cancer and localized cancer from aggressive metastatic disease. These results establish the preliminary development of a rational targeted MS platform that strives to bridge the gap between discovery and validation of biomarkers for the detection of prostate cancer.
Facilitating online support groups for cancer patients: the learning experience of psycho‐oncology clinicians
Authors: Stephen Joanne E. , Christie Glenda , Flood Karen , Golant Mitch , Rahn Michelle , Rennie Heather , Speca Michael , Taylor‐Brown Jill , Turner Jill 
Published: July 2010

AbstractObjective: Counsellor familiarity and engagement with technology‐mediated communication represents an important factor in the ability to implement support programs to cancer patients. This study describes the experiences of a cohort of expert psycho‐oncology counsellors who learned to facilitate online support groups (OSGs) and identifies the important elements of their learning experience that led to their engagement.Procedure and method: Six psycho‐oncology counsellors were trained to facilitate OSGs and later facilitated OSGs in their own practice context. They subsequently reflected on and discussed their experiences with OSGs over time: in a panel discussion within 6 months of training, and in two focus groups. A participatory method was used to describe and interpret key elements of the learning process.Results and discussion: Three themes of the counsellors' learning experience emerged: immersion in experiential learning, perceptions of clinical value and benefit, and overcoming challenges with adapted skills. Counsellors described components of their experiential learning: co‐facilitating online cancer support groups with an expert, debriefing online, and participating in an online peer supervision group, as critical to their becoming engaged. Despite initial challenges, the counsellors learned new skills, and adapted known clinical skills, to the text‐only environment.Conclusion: With appropriate training and practice over time, counsellors familiar with delivering face‐to‐face support groups to cancer patients became skilled and engaged in leading OSG's for cancer patients. Learning to facilitate OSGs shifted practice by significantly expanding the scope of services they were able to provide their patients and has implications for expanding access to support services. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in a Patient With Defective Hemostasis Successfully Treated with Ankaferd Blood Stopper
Authors: Purnak Tugrul , Ozaslan Ersan , Beyazit Yavuz , Haznedaroglu Ibrahim C. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAcute gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is one of the most frequent causes for hospitalization and responsible for a major cause of morbidity and mortality among patients. Ankaferd Blood Stopper (ABS) is a herbal extract attained from five different plants Thymus vulgaris, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Vitis vinifera, Alpinia officinarum and Urtica dioica. Here we report a challenging upper GI bleeding case with a low platelet count and defective hemostasis treated endoscopically with ABS as an adjunctive drug. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In vitro anticariogenic effects of aerial parts of Potentilla recta and its phytochemical profile
Authors: Tomczyk Michał , Wiater Adrian , Pleszczyńska Małgorzata 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis study, for the first time, investigated the in vitro inhibitory effects of Potentilla recta extracts and subfractions obtained with solvents of different polarity (aqueous, 50% ethanol, diethyl ether, ethyl acetate and n‐butanol) against cariogenic Streptococcus spp. strains. It was found that the tested samples inhibited the growth of oral streptococci. Furthermore, all five P. recta preparations exhibited an inhibitory effect on water‐insoluble α‐(1→3)‐,α‐(1→6)‐linked glucan (mutan) and artificial dental plaque formation. The ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest antibiofilm activities especially against S. sobrinus GCM 20381, with minimum mutan and biofilm inhibition concentrations of 6.25 and 25 µg/mL, respectively. The phytochemical profile of active constituents in the investigated samples was analysed. The high polyphenolics (total phenol, phenolic acids, tannins, proantocyanidins, flavonoids) content were found. The ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest concentration of total polyphenol content which may correlate with the high cariogenic activity of this subfraction. The results demonstrate that P. recta extracts and subfractions could become useful supplements for pharmaceutical products as new anticariogenic agents in a wide range of oral care products. Further studies are necessary to clarify the precise bioactive constituents of P. recta responsible for the anticariogenic properties. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Discrete‐time control for switched positive systems with application to mitigating viral escape
Authors: Hernandez‐Vargas Esteban , Colaneri Patrizio , Middleton Richard , Blanchini Franco 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis paper has been motivated by the problem of viral mutation in HIV infection. Under simplifying assumptions, viral mutation treatment dynamics can be viewed as a positive switched linear system. Using linear co‐positive Lyapunov functions, results for the synthesis of stabilizing, guaranteed performance and optimal control laws for switched linear systems are presented. These results are then applied to a simplified human immunodeficiency viral mutation model. The optimal switching control law is compared with the law obtained through an easily computable guaranteed cost function. Simulation results show the effectiveness of these methods. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.