bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deregulated LAP2α expression in cervical cancer associates with aberrant E2F and p53 activities
Authors: Ward Michelle C. , van der Watt Pauline J. , Tzoneva Gannie , Leaner Virna D. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractLamina‐associated polypeptide 2 alpha (LAP2α) plays a role in maintaining nuclear structure, in nuclear assembly/disassembly, and in transcriptional regulation. Elevated LAP2α mRNA expression has been previously reported to associate with certain cancer types. The aim of this study was to investigate LAP2α expression in cervical cancer and transformed cells and to identify factors that associate with its differential expression. LAP2α expression was found to be elevated in cervical cancer tissue by microarray, qRT‐PCR, and immunofluorescence analyses. LAP2α also showed elevated expression in cervical cancer cell lines and in transformed fibroblasts compared with normal cells. To determine factors associated with elevated LAP2α in cervical cancer, the effect of inhibiting HPV E7 and E6 oncoproteins was investigated. E7 inhibition resulted in a decrease in phosphorylated Rb and an associated decrease in LAP2α, suggesting a role for E2F in regulating LAP2α expression. This finding was confirmed by inhibiting DP1, a co‐activator of E2F, which resulted in decreased LAP2α levels. Inhibition of E6 resulted in elevated p53 and an associated decrease in LAP2α, suggesting that p53 associates with the negative regulation of LAP2α expression. This hypothesis was tested by inhibiting p53 in normal cells, and a resultant increase in LAP2α expression was observed. In conclusion, this study provides evidence for elevated LAP2α expression in cervical cancer and suggests that E2F and p53 activities associate with the positive and negative regulation of LAP2α expression, respectively. © 2011 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 63(11): 1018–1026, 2011
Synthesis, Reactivity and Crystal Structures of the Palladium(II) Complexes with the Pyrimidine Containing Ligand: Crystal Structures of [Pd(PPh3)(η1‐C4H3N2)(η2‐S2CNC4H8)] and [Pd(PPh3)(η1‐C4H3N2)(η2‐Tp)]
Authors: Wang Hsiao‐Fen , Yih Kuang‐Hway , Lee Gene‐Hsiang , Huang Shou‐Ling 
Published: October 2011

AbstractTreatment of Pd(PPh3)4 with 5‐bromo‐pyrimidine [C4H3N2Br] in dichloromethane at ambient temperature cause the oxidative addition reaction to produce the palladium complex [Pd(PPh3)2(η1‐C4H3N2)(Br)], 1, by substituting two triphenylphosphine ligands. In acetonitrile solution of 1 in refluxing temperature for 1 day, it do not undergo displacement of the triphenylphosphine ligand to form the dipalladium complex [Pd(PPh3)Br]2{μ,η2‐(η1‐C4H3N2)}2, or bromide ligand to form chelating pyrimidine complex [Pd(PPh3)2(η2‐C4H3N2)]Br. Complex 1 reacted with bidentate ligand, NH4S2CNC4H8, and tridentate ligand, KTp {Tp = tris(pyrazoyl‐1‐yl)borate}, to obtain the η2‐dithiocarbamate η1‐pyrimidine complex [Pd(PPh3)(η1‐C4H3N2)(η2‐S2CNC4H8)], 4 and η2‐Tp η1‐pyrimidine complex [Pd(PPh3)(η1‐C4H3N2)(η2‐Tp)], 5, respectively. Complexes 4 and 5 are characterized by X‐ray diffraction analyses.
Facile Assembly of Dispersed ZrMCM‐41 Nanoparticles Promoted in‐situ by Zirconium Salt
Authors: Zhai Shang‐Ru , Wei Zhi‐Ping , An Qing‐Da , Wub Dong , Sun Yu‐Han 
Published: October 2011

AbstractMesoporous ZrMCM‐41 nanoparticles were synthesized by a usual way where tetraethyl‐orthosilicate (TEOS) and zirconium nitrate were used as the inorganic precursors. The obtained nanoscale ZrMCM‐41 was characterized by X‐ray diffraction, N2 physis‐sorption, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Characterization results revealed that zirconium salt added in the synthesis had a crucial effect on the assembly of nanoscale ZrMCM‐41 with relatively uniform particle size, which was rarely observed in reported studies for ZrMCM‐41 synthesized using the similar method. Meanwhile, the possible mechanism behind the synthesis was discussed based on the character of hydrolysis and condensation of TEOS and the mild acidic environment induced by the hydrolysable zirconium salt under aqueous conditions. Thus obtained nanoscale ZrMCM‐41 with developed pore structures may be advantageous to general applications in catalysis or adsorption host‐guest chemistry in terms of efficient mass transport of guest molecules.
Seaweed Chlorophyll on the Light‐electron Efficiency of DSSC
Authors: Kuo Chin‐Guo , Sheen Bee‐Jeng 
Published: October 2011

AbstractFour different seaweed extracts were employed as the dyes of dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) to investigate the light‐electron efficiency. The sensitizers, extracted from Nannochloropsis spp., Tetraselmis spp., Gracilaria spp., and Ulvales spp., showed their light‐electronic transfer ability in different light intensities. Among them, Ulvales output a higher light‐voltage, about 0.4 V. The output voltage increased when light intensity increased. Gracilaria extract produced a higher output voltage at 35 Lux, but its output voltage decreased over 500 Lux. The sensitizers extracted from these seaweeds had monochromatic incident photon‐to‐electron conversion efficiencies (IPCE) between 23‐61% in 220‐260 nm wavelengths. Among them, Ulvales output higher IPCE than Tetraselmis and Nannochloropsis. SEM analysis of DSSC surfaces revealed that the efficiency of seaweed DSSCs was governed by chlorophyll size. The chlorophyll particle size of Ulvales spp. was the largest. The chlorophyll particle size of Gracilaria spp. was the smallest and yielded the lowest IPCE.
Effects of Immobilized Metal Ion on Retention Behaviors of Proteins in Metal Chelate Affinity Chromatography
Authors: Li Rong , Wang Yan , Chen Guo‐Liang , Mei‐Shi  , Wang Xiao‐Gang , Zheng Jian‐Bin , Chen Bin 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe chromatographic behaviors of proteins on iminodiacetic acid (IDA) column with and without immobilized metal ion were examined in detail. Comparing the effects of pI, solution pH, and salt concentration on retention of proteins in cation‐exchange chromatography (CEC) and metal chelate affinity chromatography (MCAC), the retention mechanism of proteins was investigated in MCAC. By aid of observing the retention characteristics of proteins on naked IDA and metal chelate columns in high concentration salt‐out salt solution, the hydrophobic interaction in MCAC and the influence of metal ion on it were proved. In terms of the comparison of the thermodynamics of proteins in CEC and MCAC, the thermostability, the conformational change entropy Δ(ΔS0) and enthalpy Δ(ΔH0), compensation temperature β, the driving force and caloritic effect of proteins in MCAC were discussed. The identity of retention mechanism at protein thermal denaturation in CEC and MCAC was demonstrated by using the compensation relationship between ΔH0 and ΔS0.
A Simple and Efficient Electrochemical Sensor for Electrocatalytic Reduction of Nitrite Based on Poly(4‐aminoacetanilide) Film Using Carbon Paste Electrode
Authors: Ojani Reza , Raoof Jahan‐Bakhsh , Rahemi Vanoushe 
Published: October 2011

AbstractIn this study, the electrochemical reduction of nitrite was investigated on poly(4‐aminoacetanilide) (PPAA) forming by cyclic voltammetry at the surface of carbon paste electrode. The electrochemical properties of the modified electrode have been studied by cyclic voltammetry and double potential step chronoamperometry. Results showed that in the optimum condition (pH = 0.00) the reduction of nitrite occurred at a potential about 667 mV more positive than that unmodified carbon paste electrode. This amount of electrocatalytic ability is high compared with other electrocatalysts. Using a chronoamperometric method, the catalytic rate constant (k) was calculated 8.4 × 104 cm3 mol‐1 s‐1. Also, the electrocatalytic reduction peak currents was found to be linear with the nitrite concentration in the ranges of 5 × 10‐4 M to 2.5 × 10‐2 M and 2 × 10‐5 M to 7 × 10‐3 M with detection limits (2σ) were determined as 4.5 × 10‐4 M and 1 × 10‐5 M by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and hydrodynamic amperometry methods respectively. Recovery experiments exhibit the satisfactory results.
Thiourea: An Efficient and Inexpensive Catalyst for the Knoevenagel Condensation of Pyrazole Derivates
Authors: Li Jian‐Ping , Qiu Ji‐Kuan , Li Hui‐Juan , Zhang Gui‐Sheng 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThiourea is an inexpensive, efficient and mild catalyst for the synthesis of Knoevenagel condensation of pyrozoles derivate. In the presence of 10 mol% of thiourea, pyrazole aldehyde react with active methylene compound under microwave‐assisted solvent‐free conditions at 300 W for 2‐5 min to give corresponding products in good yields.
New Validated Potentiometric Determination of Vasodilator Pentoxifylline in its Pharmaceutical Formulations and Biological Fluids
Authors: Alarfaj Nawal , El‐Tohamy Maha 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe construction and performance characteristics of pentoxifylline selective electrodes were developed. Two types of electrodes: plastic membrane I and coated wire II were constructed based on the incorporation of pentoxifylline with phosphotungstic acid (PTA). The influence of membrane composition, kind of plasticizer, pH of the test solution, soaking time, and foreign ions on the electrodes was investigated. The electrodes showed a Nernstain response with a mean calibration graph slope of 56.77 ± 0.19 and 55.76 ± 0.71 mV decade‐1 at 25 °C for electrode I and II respectively, over pentoxifylline concentration range from 1.0 × 10‐5‐1.0 × 10‐2 and 9.0 × 10‐6‐1.0 × 10‐2 mol L‐1, with detection limits 4.89 × 10‐6 and 3.90 × 10‐6 mol L‐1 for electrode I and II, respectively. The pH range of the constructed electrodes was 4‐6. Interferences from common cations, alkaloids, sugars, amino acids and drug excipients were reported. The results obtained by the proposed electrodes were also applied successfully to the determination of the drug in its pharmaceutical preparations and biological fluids.
An UPLC‐MS3 Method for Rapid Separation and Determination of Four Tobacco‐specific Nitrosamines in Mainstream Cigarette Smoke
Authors: Ding Yu , Yang Jun , Zhu Wen‐Jing , Wang Cheng‐Hui , Zhu Dong‐Liang , Su Qing‐De 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAn ultra‐high‐pressure liquid chromatography/MS3 (UPLC‐MS3) method has been developed and validated for the quantitative determination of four major TSNAs in mainstream cigarette smoke using MS3 scan mode on a hybrid triple quadrupole‐linear ion trap mass spectrometer. The new method combining the UPLC with MS3 scan mode offers decreased sample analysis time and good selectivity. After mainstream cigarette smoke was collected on a Cambridge filter pad, the particulate matter was extracted with ammonium acetate solution and analyzed by UPLC‐MS3 using isotopically labeled analogues as internal standards. Four TSNAs were completely separated on an Agilent XDB‐C18 UPLC column using isocratic elution during a 6 min LC run time. Excellent linearity was obtained over the concentration range of 1.0‐150.0 ng/mL for all TSNAs with values for correlation coefficient (r) between 0.9985‐0.9994. Limits of detection (LOD) of each TSNA varied from 0.023 to 0.067 ng/mL, and lower limits of quantification (LLOQ) varied from 0.077 to 0.223 ng/mL, respctively. The recovery of each TSNA was from 89.2 to 106.8%. The method achieved excellent reproducibility with RSD 2.1‐6.8% for intra‐assay and 3.4‐9.1% for inter‐assay. This method can be used as an effective approach to significantly improve the detection capability for TSNAs in complex matrices.
Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of substituted [(pyrazol‐4‐yl)methylene]hydrazono‐2,3‐dihydrothiazoles and their sugar derivatives
Authors: Abdel‐Rahman Adel A.‐H. , El‐Sayed Wael A. , Zaki El‐Sayed G. , Mohamed Asem A. , Fadda Ahmed A. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractA number of new [(pyrazol‐4‐yl)methylene]hydrazono‐2,3‐dihydrothiazole derivatives, their sugar hydrazones and N‐glycosides were synthesized. Furthermore, N‐substituted oxygenated alkyl and hydroxyl derivatives and 1,3,4,‐oxadiazoline acyclic nucleoside analogs were prepared. The newly synthesized compounds were tested for their antimicrobial activities and showed moderate to high inhibition activities. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2012).
Regeneration of ciliary comb plates in the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi. i. morphology
Authors: Tamm Sidney L. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractRegeneration of missing body parts in model organisms provides information on the mechanisms underlying the regeneration process. The aim here is to use ctenophores to investigate regeneration of their giant ciliary swimming plates. When part of a row of comb plates on Mnemiopsis is excised, the wound closes and heals, greatly increasing the distance between comb plates near the former cut edges. Video differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy of the regeneration of new comb plates between widely separated plates shows localized widenings of the interplate ciliated groove (ICG) first, followed by growth of two opposing groups of comb plate cilia on either side. The split parts of a new plate elongate as their bases extend laterally away from the ICG widening and continue ciliogenesis at both ends. The split parts of a new plate grow longer and move closer together into the ICG widening until they merge into a single plate that interrupts the ICG in a normal manner. Video DIC snapshots of dissected gap preparations 1.5–3‐day postoperation show that ICG widenings and/or new plates do not all appear at the same time or with uniform spacing within a gap: the lengths and distances between young plates in a gap are quite variable. Video stereo microscopy of intact animals 3–4 days after the operation show that all the new plates that will form in a gap are present, fairly evenly spaced and similar in length, but smaller and closer together than normal. Normal development of comb plates in embryos and growing animals is compared to the pattern of comb plate regeneration in adults. Comb plate regeneration differs in the cydippid Pleurobrachia that lacks ICGs and has a firmer mesoglea than Mnemiopsis. This study provides a morphological foundation for histological, cellular, and molecular analysis of ciliary regeneration in ctenophores. J. Morphol. 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Changes in knee cartilage T2 values over 24 months in subjects with and without risk factors for knee osteoarthritis and their association with focal knee lesions at baseline: Data from the osteoarthritis initiative
Authors: Baum Thomas , Stehling Christoph , Joseph Gabby B. , Carballido‐Gamio Julio , Schwaiger Benedikt J. , Müller‐Höcker Christina , Nevitt Michael C. , Lynch John , McCulloch Charles E. , Link Thomas M. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractPurpose:To examine the changes in knee cartilage T2 values over 24 months in subjects with and without risk factors for knee osteoarthritis (OA) and their association with focal knee lesions at baseline.Materials and Methods:Forty‐one subjects without and 101 subjects with OA risk factors (such as history of knee injury or surgery) were selected from the Osteoarthritis Initiative database (age: 45–55 years, no radiographic OA in the right knee). Baseline magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the right knee were assessed for prevalence and grade of focal knee lesions. Right knee cartilage T2 measurements were performed in five compartments (patella, medial/lateral femur/tibia) at baseline and at 24‐month follow‐up.Results:Compared to subjects without OA risk factors, those with OA risk factors showed no significant differences in baseline prevalence and grade of focal knee lesions (P > .05), but had significantly higher T2 values in the medial femur compartment at both timepoints (P < 0.05). T2 values averaged over all five compartments increased significantly over 24 months in both groups, but differences in T2 increase between the groups were not significant. Subjects with cartilage lesions showed significantly higher T2 values compared to subjects without cartilage lesions at both timepoints, but no accelerated T2 increase over 24 months (P > 0.05).Conclusion:Cartilage T2 values significantly increased over 24 months in subjects with and without OA risk factors, but neither the presence of OA risk factors nor the presence of cartilage lesions at baseline were associated with these T2 increases. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012;370‐378. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Antioxidant capacity and phenolic composition of fermented Centella asiatica herbal teas
Authors: Ariffin Fazilah , Heong Chew Shio , Bhupinder Kaur , Karim Alias A , Huda Nurul 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND: C. asiatica was exposed to various fermentations: no fermentation (0 min), partial fermentation (120 min) and full fermentation (24 h). Total phenolic content (TPC) and ferric‐reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of C. asiatica infusions were studied as a function of water temperature (60, 80 or 100 °C), the brewing stage (one, two or three) and the brewing time (1, 3, 5, 10, 15 or 20 min). The optimum brewing procedure was adopted to study the antioxidant properties and phenolic compounds in C. asiatica infusions.RESULTS: The optimum extraction efficiency of C. asiatica infusions was achieved at 100 °C after a 10 min brewing time, and decreased substantially after applying multiple brewing steeps. However, no significant different was found between the second and third infusions. The non‐fermented C. asiatica (CANF) infusion had the highest antioxidant activity. Gallic acid, naringin, chlorogenic acid, catechin, rutin, rosmarinic acid and quercetin were identified to present. Luteolin and kaempferol were only found in 80% methanol extraction method.CONCLUSION: C. asiatica herbal teas should be prepared at 100 °C for 10 min to obtain the optimum antioxidant capacity. Multiple brewing steps in C. asiatica herbal tea are encouraged due to the certain amount of antioxidant obtained. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Restricted mineralization of fresh organic materials incorporated into a subtropical paddy soil
Authors: Wu Jinshui , Zhou Ping , Li Ling , Su Yirong , Yuan Hongzhao , Syers John Keith 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND: Microbial activities involved in the dynamics of organic matter determine the potential for organic carbon (C) accumulation in soil. To understand this for paddy soil, an incubation experiment (25 °C, 45% water‐holding capacity) was established using 14C‐labelled glucose and rice straw (500 µg C g−1 soil) as substrates; an adjacent upland soil was used for comparison.RESULTS: The amount of microbial biomass in the paddy soil was approximately 6 times larger and its turnover rate was 1.5–3 times faster than in the upland soil. These proportions of 14C‐labelled glucose and rice straw mineralized in the paddy soil were about 3% smaller (P < 0.01) than those in the upland soil. Also, there was no significant priming effect of fresh substrate additions on the mineralization of native organic C in the paddy soil, while the priming effect was significant in the upland soil.CONCLUSION: Although the paddy soil contains a large amount of microbial biomass, which is also very active, the mineralization of fresh substrates is significantly restricted in this soil, along with a small priming effect. This favours the accumulation of organic C in paddy soils. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Underground networking: the potential for improving yield and quality of pot‐grown herbs with mycorrhizas
Authors: Schroeder Viviane , Gange Alan C , Stead Anthony D 
Published: October 2011

AbstractWith constant pressure on herb growers to perform to a continuous high standard, finding new ways to improve herb quality and or quantity are gaining importance, with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) presenting one possible solution. Viviane Schroeder, Alan Gange and Anthony Stead discuss the introduction of AMF to the herb growth cycle and discuss the benefits and costs that their symbiosis with plants bring to modern agriculture. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Laser projection imaging for measurement of pediatric voice
Authors: Patel Rita R. , Donohue Kevin D. , Johnson Weston C. , Archer Sanford M. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:The aim of the study was to present the development of a miniature laser projection endoscope and to quantify vocal fold length and vibratory amplitude of the pediatric glottis using high‐speed digital imaging coupled with the laser endoscope.Study Design:For this prospective study, absolute measurement of entire vocal fold length, membranous length of the vocal fold, and vibratory amplitude during phonation were obtained in one child (9 years old), one adult male (36 years old), and one adult female (20 years old) with the use of high‐speed digital imaging, coupled with a custom‐developed laser projection endoscope.Methods:The laser projection system consists of a module slip‐fit sleeve with two 3‐mW 650‐nm laser diodes in horizontal orientation separated by a distance of 5 mm. Calibration involved projecting the laser onto grid patterns at depths ranging from 6 to 10 cm and tilt angles of 15 to −5 degrees to obtain pixel‐to‐millimeter conversion templates. Measurements of vocal fold length and vibratory amplitude were extracted based on methods of image processing.Results:The system demonstrated a method for estimating vocal fold length and vibratory amplitude with a single laser point with high measurement precision. First measurements of vocal fold length (6.8 mm) and vibratory amplitude (0.25 mm) during phonation in a pediatric participant are reported.Conclusions:The proposed laser projection system can be used to obtain absolute length and vibratory measurements of the pediatric glottis. The projection system can be used with stroboscopy or high‐speed digital imaging systems with a 70‐degree rigid endoscope.
Modified transnasal endoscopic medial maxillectomy with medial shift of preserved inferior turbinate and nasolacrimal duct
Authors: Suzuki Motohiko , Nakamura Yoshihisa , Nakayama Meiho , Inagaki Akira , Murakami Shingo , Takemura Keiji , Yokota Makoto 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAlthough transnasal endoscopic medial maxillectomy (TEMM) is effective for the treatment of inverted papilloma (IP) in maxillary sinus (MS), it involves resection of the inferior turbinate (IT). TEMM also involves resection of the nasolacrimal duct (ND) in many cases to gain better access. Therefore, we developed a novel procedure in which the preserved IT and ND are shifted medially for a complete resection of IP in the MS. Incision was made in the mucosa of the lateral wall along the anterior margin of the IT. After removal of the medial maxillary wall except the ND and the lateral nasal mucosa, the anterior lateral mucosa of the nose, including the IT and the ND, was shifted in the medial direction to allow wider access to the MS. The tumor was removed together with the attachment through the anterior side of the ND. This modified TEMM was performed in 10 patients with IP. The IT and ND were preserved in all patients. We have not observed epiphora after this surgery. The advantages of the novel approach presented herein include: 1) preservation of the IT, ND, and lateral nasal mucosa; 2) wide access to the MS by shifting the IT, ND, and lateral nasal mucosa in the medial direction; and 3) direct access to the MS through anterior space of the ND, resulting in easier operation with a straight endoscope and instruments. This approach is a safe and effective method to obtain wide and straight access to the MS and to resect IP in the MS.