bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic value of the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in the clinical course of liver cirrhosis
Authors: Sarkarova M. R. , Maevskaya M. V. 
Published: June 2024

Introduction. The search for simple and informative markers for predicting positive outcomes in patients with liver cirrhosis (LC) does not affect its relevance.Aim. To study the possibility of using the “neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio” indicator as a predictor of development of LC complications and death.Materials and methods. For a retrospective clinical study, 225 case histories of patients with LC were selected from 2008 to 2018. Three groups were formed from them: group 1: patients with LC class A according to Child- Pugh (24n); Group 2: patients with LC class B and C according to Child- Pugh (201n); and group 3: healthy individuals (50n). A correlation analysis of the NLR indicator with the Child- Pugh and MELD scales was carried out. The prognostic value of NLR in the development of complications and death was analyzed.Results. Patients with LC had statistically significantly higher values of NLR compared to healthy individuals (p < 0.001). NLR had a statistically significant positive correlation with the Child- Pugh (p < 0.001) and MELD (p < 0.001) scales. NLR is a statistically significant predictor of the development of complications in patients with LC (p = 0.003). A NLR value > 2.3 had a sensitivity of 0.97 [95% CI: 0.92; 0.99] and specificity 0.19 [95% CI: 0.11; 0.29]. NLR statistically significantly correlated with the number of complications of LC (p<0.001) and served as a statistically significant predictor of death (p<0.001). A NLR value > 4.5 had a sensitivity of 0.24 [95% CI: 0.15; 0.36] and specificity 0.97 [95% CI: 0.92; 0.99].Conclusion. An NLR value of more than 2.3 increases the risk of complications in patients with LC, and an NLR value of more than 4.5 increases the risk of death.
Evaluating the potential of recycled water use for irrigation in southern Maryland: impact on groundwater conservation and crop yield
Authors: Rahman Azbina , Negahban-Azar Masoud , Shirmohammadi Adel , Karki Ritesh 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Climate change and rainfall variability are driving many farmers to adopt irrigation, who were historically within rain-dependent regions, to sustain crop productivity. In the Mid-Atlantic region, irrigation in agriculture has grown since the 1980s due to rising temperatures and changes in precipitation patterns. Dry summers and uneven seasonal rainfall have necessitated a shift toward irrigation, particularly in Maryland's Coastal Plain. However, high dependence on confined groundwater for irrigation around this area has strained aquifers. To mitigate this strain, exploring alternative water sources is now important. This study investigates the viability of utilizing treated wastewater from plants as an irrigation substitute in Maryland's Coastal Plain. Using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool, the research evaluates crop productivity and irrigation needs under various climate scenarios. Results indicate that recycled water from nearby treatment plants can meet crop water requirements during wet years and partially during moderate and dry years, reducing aquifer reliance by 56 and 30%, respectively. This framework aims to boost yields while conserving freshwater resources. By serving as a decision support tool, stakeholders can assess the feasibility of recycled water for irrigation, thereby potentially reducing strain on confined aquifers.
Model-based assessment of in-sewer heat recovery potentials considering wastewater treatment-specific temperature limits
Authors: Muschalla Dirk , Sprung Werner , Reinstaller Stefan , Pichler Markus , Kretschmer Florian 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
Due to the ongoing climate and energy crisis, wastewater is becoming increasingly important as a source of renewable energy. In urban areas, heat recovery from the sewer is considered a promising approach, as the locations of supply and demand are close to each other. In this context, it is crucial that negative impacts on temperature-sensitive processes in the downstream wastewater treatment plant are strictly avoided. To support the necessary planning and authorization, this paper presents a model-based approach to assess the thermal energy level of the wastewater at any given location in the sewer, taking into account the influent temperature constraints of the wastewater treatment plant. The entire modelling is based on the open-source software SWMM 5, which was extended by a temperature model. The concept showed its practicability and informative value during a full-scale field application in the sewer systems of the Austrian city of Graz. All modelling is based on freely available software, which makes the approach easy transferable to other cities with comparable infrastructural boundary conditions.
Phytoactive Molecules and Nanodelivery Approaches for Breast Cancer Treatment: Current and Future Perspectives
Authors: Yapar Evren Algın , Ozdemir Merve Nur , Cavalu Simona , Dagıstan Özlem Akbal , Ozsoy Yıldız , Kartal Murat 
Published: June 2024

Abstract:
One of the most common malignancies in women, breast cancer accounts for nearly
25% of all cancer cases. Breast cancer is a diverse cancer form that exhibits variability in both
morphology and molecular characteristics and is linked to numerous risk factors. Although various
approaches and research are ongoing in the treatment and prevention of breast cancer, medication
resistance in the current breast cancer treatment contributes to the disease's relapse and
recurrence. Phytoactive molecules are the subject of growing research in both breast cancer prevention
and treatment, but currently used conventional medicines and techniques limit their application.
In recent years, significant advancements have been made in the field of nanotechnology,
which has proven to be essential in the fight against drug resistance. The transport of synthetic
and natural anticancer molecules via nanocarriers has recently been added to breast cancer
therapy, greatly alleviating the constraints of the current approach. In light of these developments,
interest in nano-delivery studies of phytoactive molecules has also increased. In this review,
research of phytoactive molecules for breast cancers along with their clinical studies and
nanoformulations, was presented from current and future perspectives.
Diabetes-compound Relationship Identification based on Complex-valued
Flexible Neural Tree and Negative Sample Selection Algorithm
Authors: Sun Xiaochao , Yang Bin 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Virtual screening (VS) could select possible effective candidates from
a large number of organic compounds, which plays an important role in network pharmacology.
Virtual screening is a very important step in network pharmacology.

Objective:
The accuracy of screening compounds directly determines the subsequent network
construction, target determination and pathway analysis. In order to improve the accuracy of
screening the important compounds in herbs for treating diabetes, a novel methodology based
on complex-valued flexible neural tree (CVFNT) model and negative sample selection algorithm is presented.

Methods:
In our method, diabetes-related targets were obtained by literature search. According
to diabetes-related targets, active compounds were searched from the public database. The negative sample selection algorithm based on Tanimoto index was proposed to establish inactive
compound set. The CVFNT model optimized was utilized to screen effective candidate compounds.

Result:
Our proposed method performs better than eight classical classifiers in terms of TPR,
FPR, Precision, Specificity, F1, AUC and ROC curve. Our method could also predict 18 compounds from Liangxue Sanyu Decoction, which are involved in the treatment of diabetes.
Investigating the Relationship between the Position of Married People in the Levels of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, with Life Expectancy and the Desire to have Children
Authors: Rahmanpour Yeganeh , Mohammadnahal Leila , Hushmandi Kiavash , Saadat Seyed Hassan , Orouei Sara , Daneshi Salman , Raesi Rasoul 
Published: June 2024

Background
The difference in life expectancy and willingness to have children among married people is influenced by the different positions of people in the levels of Maslow's hierarchy of needs.

Aim
The current research was conducted to determine the relationship between the position of married people in the levels of Maslow's hierarchy of needs with their life expectancy and desire to have children.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted using convenience sampling on 140 married people in the general population of Khaf City in 2022. Data were collected using an electronic questionnaire and analyzed using the SPSS-22 statistical software, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression statistical tests at a significance level of 0.05.

Results
The highest average score of Maslow's Hierarchy of needs was related to the level of basic needs (5.45±4.85), and the lowest average was related to the level of self-actualization needs (2.09±5.55). The average score of life expectancy and willingness to have children in the studied subjects was 25.41±6.62 (moderate) and 18.38±6.38 (low), respectively. There was a positive and significant correlation between the levels of Maslow's hierarchy of needs on life expectancy and the desire to have children in the studied subjects (p<0.001).

Conclusion
Basic needs are the most important needs of couples and they can directly affect life expectancy and the desire to have children. Therefore, the basic needs must be prioritized in the country's plans so that after the basic needs are met, conditions are created to improve life expectancy and the desire to have children.
Restoring Brain Pathways Involved in Diabetes-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders: The Potential of Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors as a Therapeutic Strategy
Authors: Piatkowska-Chmiel Iwona , Gawronska-Grzywacz Monika , PawLowski Kamil , Dudka Jaroslaw , Slaska Brygida , Tkaczyk-Wlizlo Angelika , Kowal Krzysztof , Herbet Mariola 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Diabetes, a widespread chronic metabolic disease, is projected to affect 783
million people globally by 2045. Recent studies emphasize the neuroprotective potential of dipeptidyl
peptidase 4 (DPP4i) inhibitors, pointing toward a promising avenue for intervention in addressing
cognitive challenges associated with diabetes. Due to limited data on the effect of DPP4i on brain
pathways involvedin diabetes-related neurocognitive disorders, the decision was made to conduct this
study to fill existing knowledge gaps on this topic.

Methods:
The primary aim of our study was to evaluate the potential of DPP4 inhibitors (DPP4i) in
preventing cognitive decline in mice with type 2 diabetes (T2D), placing special emphasis on gaining
insight into the complex molecular mechanisms underlying this action.

Results:
We examined drug efficacy in modulating neurotrophic factors, calcium levels, and the expression
of key genes (HIF1α, APP, Arc) crucial for neural plasticity. Conducting cognitive assessments
with the hole board and passive avoidance tests, we discerned a remarkable influence of shortterm
gliptin usage on the limiting progress of cognitive dysfunction in diabetic mice. The administration
of DPP4 inhibitors ledto heightened neurotrophin levels, increased HIF1α in the prefrontal cortex,
and a significant elevation in Arc mRNA levels.

Conclusion:
Our findings reveal that DPP4 inhibitors effectively limit the progression of diabetesrelated
cognitive disorders. This breakthrough discovery not only opens new research avenues but also
constitutes a potential starting point for creating innovative strategies for the treatment of central
nervous system disorders focused on improving cognitive abilities.
Using AI to Differentiate Mpox From Common Skin Lesions in a Sexual Health Clinic: Algorithm Development and Validation Study
Authors: Soe Nyi Nyi , Yu Zhen , Latt Phyu Mon , Lee David , Samra Ranjit Singh , Ge Zongyuan , Rahman Rashidur , Sun Jiajun , Ong Jason J , Fairley Christopher K , Zhang Lei 
Published: June 2024

Background
The 2022 global outbreak of mpox has significantly impacted health facilities, and necessitated additional infection prevention and control measures and alterations to clinic processes. Early identification of suspected mpox cases will assist in mitigating these impacts.

Objective
We aimed to develop and evaluate an artificial intelligence (AI)–based tool to differentiate mpox lesion images from other skin lesions seen in a sexual health clinic.

Methods
We used a data set with 2200 images, that included mpox and non-mpox lesions images, collected from Melbourne Sexual Health Centre and web resources. We adopted deep learning approaches which involved 6 different deep learning architectures to train our AI models. We subsequently evaluated the performance of each model using a hold-out data set and an external validation data set to determine the optimal model for differentiating between mpox and non-mpox lesions.

Results
The DenseNet-121 model outperformed other models with an overall area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.928, an accuracy of 0.848, a precision of 0.942, a recall of 0.742, and an F1-score of 0.834. Implementation of a region of interest approach significantly improved the performance of all models, with the AUC for the DenseNet-121 model increasing to 0.982. This approach resulted in an increase in the correct classification of mpox images from 79% (55/70) to 94% (66/70). The effectiveness of this approach was further validated by a visual analysis with gradient-weighted class activation mapping, demonstrating a reduction in false detection within the background of lesion images. On the external validation data set, ResNet-18 and DenseNet-121 achieved the highest performance. ResNet-18 achieved an AUC of 0.990 and an accuracy of 0.947, and DenseNet-121 achieved an AUC of 0.982 and an accuracy of 0.926.

Conclusions
Our study demonstrated it was possible to use an AI-based image recognition algorithm to accurately differentiate between mpox and common skin lesions. Our findings provide a foundation for future investigations aimed at refining the algorithm and establishing the place of such technology in a sexual health clinic.
Exploring Acceptability, Barriers, and Facilitators for Digital Health in Dermatology: Qualitative Focus Groups With Dermatologists, Nurses, and Patients
Authors: Reinders Patrick , Augustin Matthias , Fleyder Anastasia , Otten Marina 
Published: June 2024

Background
Although several digital health interventions (DHIs) have shown promise in the care of skin diseases their uptake in Germany has been limited. To fully understand the reasons for the low uptake, an in-depth analysis of patients’ and health care providers’ barriers and facilitators in dermatology is needed.

Objective
The objective of this study was to explore and compare attitudes, acceptability, barriers, and facilitators of patients, dermatologists, and nurses toward DHIs in dermatology.

Methods
We conducted 6 web-based focus groups each with patients (n=34), dermatologists (n=30), and nurses (n=30) using a semistructured interview guide with short descriptions of DHIs described in the literature. A content analysis was performed using deductive constructs, following the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology framework, and inductive categories.

Results
Patients identified many positive performance expectancies, such as reduced travel times and improvement in follow-up appointments. Dermatologists also stated positive effects (eg, promotion of standardized care), but also negative implications of health care digitalization (eg, increased workload). All stakeholders reported that a DHI should bring additional value to all stakeholders. A lack of digital competence among patients was identified as the major barrier to adoption by all 3 groups. Nurses and dermatologists want apps that are easy to use and easy to implement into their daily routines. Trust in selected institutions, colleagues, and physicians was identified as a facilitator. Patients reported their dependence on the dermatologists’ acceptance. All groups expressed concerns about data privacy risks and dermatologists stated insecurities toward data privacy laws.

Conclusions
To ensure successful digitalization in dermatology, apps should be user-friendly, adapted to users’ skill levels, and beneficial for all stakeholders. The incorporation of dermatologists’ perspectives is especially important as their acceptance may impact use among patients and nurses. DHIs should ensure and be transparent about data privacy. The found barriers and facilitators can be used for implementation strategies.
Peningkatan kolaborasi peserta didik kelas II C SD Kanisius Sengkan dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran student teams achievement division (STAD)
Authors: Widha Ari Nur Setyawan  
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The study aims to improve the collaboration skills of second grade C student at Kanisius Sengkan Elementary School in the 2022/2023 academic year in the thematic learning using a Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD) instructional model. The research method was classroom action research which was carried out in two learning cycles. The research subjects were 32 students from Class II C at Kanisius Sengkan Elementary School. The data analysis technique used in this study is quantitative descriptive analysis. The results of this study indicate an improvement in the collaborative skills of Class II C students at Kanisius Sengkan Elementary School through the utilization of the Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD) instructional model. This improvement is evidenced by an increase in the average collaborative skill score, which r from 43.33 to 60 in Learning Cycle I, and further increased to 78.33 in Learning Cycle II.
Keywords: Classroom Action Research, Collaborative Skills, STAD
Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan kolaborasi siswa kelas II C SD Kanisius Sengkan Tahun Pelajaran 2022/2023 pada pembelajaran tematik dengan penerapan model pembelajaran Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD). Metode penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (Classroom research) yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Subjek penelitian merupakan siswa kelas II C SD Kanisius Sengkan sebanyak 32 orang siswa. Teknik análisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah análisis deskrptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa adanya peningkatan keterampilan kolaborasi siswa kelas II C SD Kanisius Sengkan dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD). Hal tersebut ditunjukkan dengan adanya peningkatan rata – rata keterampilan kolaborasi yaitu 43.33 menjadi 60 pada siklus I kemudian meningkat lagi menjadi 78.33 pada siklus II.
Kata kunci : Penelitian Tindakan Kelas, keterampilan Kolaborasi, STAD
Pengaruh metode quantum writing berbantuan big book terhadap kemampuan menulis paragraf narasi Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Susilawati Susilawati 
Published: June 2024

Indonesia menempati posisi 60 dari 61 negara dengan budaya literasi terendah. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan banyak siswa sekolah dasar yang kesulitan menyusun kata menjadi kalimat atau mengelompokkan beberapa kalimat menjadi satu paragraf. Sehingga, dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat beberapa permasalahan dalam pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia di Indonesia, antara lain: (1) kemampuan menulis sangat rendah; (2) minat menulis siswa sangat rendah; (2) guru lebih banyak mengajar teori menulis daripada siswa berlatih menulis; (4) membatasi penggunaan alat peraga dalam proses pembelajaran menulis; (5) siswa menganggap pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia tidak menarik dan sangat membosankan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk memperoleh gambaran proses penerapan metode quantum writing serta hasil kemampuan menuis dengan menerapkan metode tersebut. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kuantitatif. Teknik analisis yang digunakan yaitu penelitian eksperimen (analisis kuantitatif). Data kuantitatif meliputi data hasil pretest dan posttest kemampuan menulis paragraf siswa. Berdasarkan hasil analisis diketahui bahwa penerapan metode quantum writing mampu meningkatkan kemampuan menulis paragraf narasi siswa disesuaikan dengan usia perkembangan siswa serta alat pendukung yaitu big book.
Pengembangan bahan ajar berbantuan power point dengan menggunakan talking stick untuk meningkatkan keterampilan menulis puisi siswa kelas IV SD
Authors: Fauziah Afifah , Setiyadi Ruli , Wulandari Medita Ayu 
Published: June 2024

Rendahnya keterampilan menulis puisi siswa kelas IV SD menjadi latar belakang adanya penelitian ini. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengembangkan media powerpoint menggunakan model talking stick yang memiliki kualitas layak atau valid, praktis dan efektif diterapkan. Metode yang digunakan adalah Research and Development (R&D) dengan 8 tahap model Borg & Gall yang disederhanakan. Teknik pengumpulan data untuk memperoleh hasil penelitian yaitu nontes meliputi wawancara, observasi pembelajaran, studi dokumentasi, angket validasi ahli, angket respon siswa, dan tes keterampilan menulis puisi. Hasil penelitian adalah: (1) mengetahui proses pengembangan media powerpoint dengan menggunakan model talking stick; (2) media dinyatakan layak setelah di validasi oleh ahli materi, ahli media dan ahli praktisi dengan kriteria sangat valid; (3) respon siswa yang diberikan terhadap pembelajaran dengan menggunakan media yang dikembangkan dinilai dengan kriteria baik; (4) hasil keterampilan menulis siswa pada uji terbatas dapat dilihat dari hasil rata-rata nilai pada pretest 72 dan nilai pada posttets 85. KemudianÂ pada uji diperluas didapat rerata nilai pretest 76 dan posttest 87. Karena pada nilai posttest lebih tinggi nilainya dari pada nilai pretest, maka disimpulkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan terhadap keterampilan menulis puisi siswa kelas IV SD.Â Â
Penggunaan model problem based learning untuk meningkatkan pemahaman konsep IPS pada siswa kelas V SD
Authors: Octaviani Meisy Novita , Putu Arga Hana Sakura , Kuswendi Uus 
Published: June 2024

PenelitianÂ dilatar belakangi berdasarkan permasalahan yang terjadi yaitu rendahnya kemampuan pemahaman konsep IPS pada siswa kelas V serta sebagian guru masih belum menerapkan model pembelajaran hanya memberikan materi dengan metode ceramah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui penggunaan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemahaman konsep IPS jenjang siswa Sekolah Dasar. Berdasarkan latar belakang permasalahan, maka solusi yang dapat mengatasi permasalahan yang terjadi di SDN 197 Karang Taruna Karangsari dengan menggunakan model Problem Based Learning (PBL). Metode penelitian mix method digunakan untuk penelitian ini. Adapun desain yang digunakan adalah sequensial explanatory. Pada penelitian kualitatif menggunakan metode eksperimen kuasi dengan desain Nonrandomized Pre-test Post-test Control Group Design. Sebanyak 26 siswa kelas V C pada kelas eksperimen dan sebanyak 26 siswa pada kelas V A sebagai kelas kontrol di SDN 197 Karang Taruna Karangsari. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan uji statistik nilai rata-rata gain pada kelas eksperimen sebesar 0,39 termasuk kategori sedang dan nilai rata-rata gain kelas kontrol memperoleh hasil sebesar 0,26 dengan kriteria rendah. Artinya model Problem Based Learning lebih baik dibandingkan menggunakan model konvensional. Siswa sangat antusias terhadap pembelajaran dengan menggunakan model Problem Based Learning serta model ini cocok digunakan pada kelas V jenjang sekolah dasar.