bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Head‐Up Tilt‐Table Test on the QT Interval
Authors: Findler Michael , Birger Amir , Diamant Shmuel , Viskin Sami 
Published: July 2010

Background. The QT interval shortens in response to sympathetic stimulation and its response to epinephrine infusion (in healthy individuals and patients with long QT syndrome) has been thoroughly studied. Head‐up tilt‐table (HUT) testing is an easy way to achieve brisk sympathetic stimulation. Yet, little is known about the response of the QT interval to HUT. Methods. We reviewed the electrocardiograms of HUT tests performed at our institution and compare the heart rate, QT, and QTc obtained immediately after HUT with the rest values. Results. The study group consisted of 41 patients (27 females and 14 males) aged 23.9 ± 8.4 years. Head‐up tilting led to a significant shortening of the RR interval (from 825 ± 128 msec at rest phase to 712 ± 130 msec in the upward tilt phase, P < 0.001) but only to a moderate shortening of the QT interval (from 363.7 ± 27.9 msec during rest to 355 ± 30.3 msec during upward tilt, P = 0.001). Since the RR interval shortened more than the QT interval, the QTc actually increased (from 403 ± 21.5 msec during rest phase to 423.2 ± 27.4 msec during upward tilt, P < 0.001). The QTc value measured for the upward tilt position was longer than the resting QTc value in 33 of 41 patients. Of those, 4 male patients and 2 female patients developed upward‐tilt QTc values above what would be considered abnormal at rest. Conclusions. During HUT the QT shortens less than the RR interval. Consequently, the QTc increases during head‐up tilt. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 2010;15(3):245–249
Predictors of Long‐Term Risk for Heart Failure Hospitalization after Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Perkiömäki Juha S. , Hämekoski Sari , Junttila M. Juhani , Jokinen Vesa , Tapanainen Jari , Huikuri Heikki V. 
Published: July 2010

Background: Data on the value of baseline brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and autonomic markers in predicting heart failure (HF) hospitalization after an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are limited. Methods: A consecutive series of patients with AMI without a previous history of HF (n = 569) were followed up for 8 years. At baseline, the patients had a blood sample for determination of BNP, a 24‐hour Holter recording for evaluating heart rate variability (HRV) and heart rate turbulence (HRT), and an assessment of baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) using phenylephrine test. Results: During the follow‐up, 79 (14%) patients were hospitalized due to HF. Increased baseline BNP, decreased HRV, HRT, and BRS had a significant association with HF hospitalization in univariate comparisons (P < 0.001 for all). After adjusting with all the relevant clinical parameters, BNP, HRV, and HRT still significantly predicted HF hospitalization (P < 0.001 for BNP and for the short‐term scaling exponent α1, P < 0.01 for turbulence slope). In the receiver operator characteristics curve analysis, the area under the curve for BNP was 0.77, for the short‐term scaling exponent α1 0.69, for turbulence slope 0.71, and for BNP/standard deviation of all N‐N intervals ratio 0.80. Conclusion: Baseline increased BNP and impaired autonomic function after AMI yield significant information on the long‐term risk for HF hospitalization. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 2010;15(3):250–258
Dynamics and Rate‐Dependence of the Spatial Angle between Ventricular Depolarization and Repolarization Wave Fronts during Exercise ECG
Authors: Kenttä Tuomas , Karsikas Mari , Kiviniemi Antti , Tulppo Mikko , Seppänen Tapio , Huikuri Heikki V. 
Published: July 2010

Background: QRS/T angle and the cosine of the angle between QRS and T‐wave vectors (TCRT), measured from standard 12‐lead electrocardiogram (ECG), have been used in risk stratification of patients. This study assessed the possible rate dependence of these variables during exercise ECG in healthy subjects. Methods: Forty healthy volunteers, 20 men and 20 women, aged 34.6 ± 3.4, underwent an exercise ECG testing. Twelve‐lead ECG was recorded from each test subject and the spatial QRS/T angle and TCRT were automatically analyzed in a beat‐to‐beat manner with custom‐made software. The individual TCRT/RR and QRST/RR patterns were fitted with seven different regression models, including a linear model and six nonlinear models. Results: TCRT and QRS/T angle showed a significant rate dependence, with decreased values at higher heart rates (HR). In individual subjects, the second‐degree polynomic model was the best regression model for TCRT/RR and QRST/RR slopes. It provided the best fit for both exercise and recovery. The overall TCRT/RR and QRST/RR slopes were similar between men and women during exercise and recovery. However, women had predominantly higher TCRT and QRS/T values. With respect to time, the dynamics of TCRT differed significantly between men and women; with a steeper exercise slope in women (women, −0.04/min vs −0.02/min in men, P < 0.0001). In addition, evident hysteresis was observed in the TCRT/RR slopes; with higher TCRT values during exercise. Conclusions: The individual patterns of TCRT and QRS/T angle are affected by HR and gender. Delayed rate adaptation creates hysteresis in the TCRT/RR slopes. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 2010;15(3):264–275
Determination of formaldehyde in formaldehyde‐releaser patch test preparations
Authors: Emeis Detlef , De Groot Anton C. , Brinkmann Jürgen 
Published: July 2010

Background: Positive patch test reactions to formaldehyde‐releasers in patients co‐reacting to formaldehyde are often ascribed to formaldehyde allergy. However, the formaldehyde content of patch test materials has not been investigated. Objectives: To demonstrate and quantify free formaldehyde in commercial patch test materials and in prepared aqueous solutions of formaldehyde releasers. Materials: Free formaldehyde was measured by 13C NMR Spectroscopy in (i) all formaldehyde‐releasers in water available from Chemotechnique® and Brial®, (ii) 5 releasers in petrolatum, (iii) 12 prepared aqueous solutions of formaldehyde‐releasers and (iv) water that had been in contact with petrolatum test samples. Results: In none of the five petrolatum test substances was free formaldehyde found. In all nine commercial aqueous patch test substances and 9 of the 12 prepared solutions, free formaldehyde was demonstrated with concentrations ranging from 0.019% to 0.37% (detection limit 0.01%). Contact of the petrolatum test samples with water resulted in the release of formaldehyde. Conclusions: Most aqueous solutions of formaldehyde‐releasers contain free formaldehyde. Petrolatum‐based patch test materials with formaldehyde‐releasers do not contain free formaldehyde, but probably start releasing it upon contact with water. Therefore, in future studies, determination of free and releasable formaldehyde may be preferable.
Patch test reactivity to metal allergens following regulatory interventions: a 33‐year retrospective study
Authors: Thyssen Jacob Pontoppidan , Ross‐Hansen Katrine , Menné Torkil , Johansen Jeanne Duus 
Published: July 2010

Background: Contact allergy epidemics to chromate and nickel were addressed in Denmark in 1983 and 1990 by regulatory interventions. Objectives: To evaluate whether regulatory interventions on nickel and chromate exposure have reduced the proportion of strong patch test reactions. Methods: 22 506 patients with dermatitis aged 4–99 years were patch tested with nickel sulfate, potassium dichromate, or cobalt chloride between 1977 and 2009. Results: The proportion of 3+ reactions to nickel sulfate was reduced and almost disappeared after the mid‐ and late 1980s (P‐trend = 0.001). Today, 1+ and 2+ nickel reactions occur equally frequent. Cobalt chloride patch test reactivity reflected the nickel development to some degree. The proportion of 3+ reactions to potassium dichromate was reduced during the 1980s (P‐trend = 0.13), whereas the proportion of 2+ reactions to potassium dichromate have increased in recent years. Conclusions: The decrease in nickel sulfate and cobalt chloride 3+ patch test reactivity began long before the Danish nickel regulation came into effect. This could be because of research activity at the time as well as political attention in Northern Europe. The chromate content in cement regulation may have changed the epidemiology of patch test reactivity; however, in recent years, 2+ reactions to chromate have increased markedly, a development that should be carefully followed.
WT1 peptide vaccine induces reduction in minimal residual disease in an Imatinib‐treated CML patient
Authors: Oji Yusuke , Oka Yoshihiro , Nishida Sumiyuki , Tsuboi Akihiro , Kawakami Manabu , Shirakata Toshiaki , Takahashi Kazuko , Murao Ayako , Nakajima Hiroko , Narita Miwako , Takahashi Masuhiro , Morita Satoshi , Sakamoto Junichi , Tanaka Toshio , Kawase Ichiro , Hosen Naoki , Sugiyama Haruo 
Published: July 2010

AbstractHow to treat CML patients who are resistant to inhibitors of BCR‐ABL tyrosine kinase such as Imatinib is a very important and urgent issue in clinical hematology. Here, we report a case of Imatinib‐treated CML in which intradermally administered WT1 peptide vaccine elicited WT1‐specific immune responses and the resultant reduction in the persistent residual disease in co‐administration of Imatinib. BCR‐ABL mRNA levels were being maintained under the detection limit for 8 months since week 77 of vaccination. No adverse effects except local erythema at the injection sites were observed. The tetramer assay revealed that the decrease in BCR‐ABL mRNA levels was associated with the increase in frequency of WT1‐specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes, notably effector‐memory type of that, in the patient’s peripheral blood. The case presented here indicates that WT1 peptide vaccine may become a safe and cure‐oriented therapy for CML patients who have residual disease regardless of the treatment with Imatinib.
Oral potentially malignant lesions: first‐level micro‐histological diagnosis from tissue fragments sampled in liquid‐based diagnostic cytology
Authors: Navone Roberto , Pentenero Monica , Rostan Isabella , Burlo Paola , Marsico Andrea , Broccoletti Roberto , Scully Crispian , Gandolfo Sergio 
Published: July 2010

Background:  Scalpel biopsy may under‐diagnose oral dysplasia/carcinoma in potentially malignant lesions (PMLs) because samples represent only one or a few sites. It is possible that small tissue specimens obtained from over the whole area of PMLs, by scraping with a dermatological curette, could be treated histologically and used as ‘micro’ biopsies. This study values the accuracy of micro‐biopsies in the detection of dysplasia/carcinoma in oral PMLs.Methods:  A prospective study was carried out on 164 patients with PMLs, with both scalpel and micro‐biopsies, for the presence of dysplasia/carcinoma. The most severe diagnosis (obtained by either method) was used as the reference standard. The presence/absence of the basement membrane zone (BMZ) in the micro‐biopsy specimens correlated with the site, the clinical features of the PMLs and the operator.Results:  Micro‐biopsy gave six of 164 (3.66%) inadequate specimens. Of 158 of 164 adequate samples, dysplasia/carcinoma was diagnosed in 85 of 158 cases; micro‐biopsy diagnosis was in agreement with scalpel biopsy in 144 of 158 (91.14%) cases and showed a better sensitivity than did scalpel biopsy (97.65% vs. 85.88%), corresponding to two of 158 false‐negative cases by micro‐biopsy vs. 12 of 158 by scalpel biopsy. The BMZ was observed in 110 of 158 (69.62%) of all micro‐biopsies and had no relationship with the sampling site, the clinical features of the PMLs or the operator.Conclusions:  The negative predictive value (97.33%) suggests that micro‐biopsy may well be an effective first‐level diagnostic procedure for PMLs (especially in follow‐ups and multiple lesions); moreover, in carcinoma (17% of cases) a definitive diagnosis could be made without further investigation.
Mechanism of action of tin‐containing fluoride solutions as anti‐erosive agents in dentine – an in vitro tin‐uptake, tissue loss, and scanning electron microscopy study
Authors: Ganss Carolina , Hardt Martin , Lussi Adrian , Cocks Ann‐Kristin , Klimek Joachim , Schlueter Nadine 
Published: July 2010

Ganss C, Hardt M, Lussi A, Cocks A‐K, Klimek J, Schlueter N. Mechanism of action of tin‐containing fluoride solutions as anti‐erosive agents in dentine – an in vitro tin‐uptake, tissue loss, and scanning electron microscopy study. Eur J Oral Sci 2010; 118: 376–384. © 2010 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2010 Eur J Oral SciSolutions containing tin and fluoride exhibit remarkable anti‐erosive properties with tin ions as a major agent. To elucidate its mechanism of action in dentine, the tin uptake on and in the tissue was investigated and related to histological findings and substance loss. Samples were treated twice daily, each treatment lasting for 2 min, with fluoride solutions [pH 4.5; 1,500 parts per million (p.p.m.) F] containing 2,100, 1,400, or 400 p.p.m. Sn as SnCl2. In experiments 1 and 2, samples were eroded with citric acid (pH 2.3) six times each day, each treatment lasting for 5 min; in experiment 2, the demineralized organic matrix was continuously digested by collagenase; in experiment 3, no erosive challenges were performed. Sample surfaces and cross‐sections were investigated using energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and profilometry. Surface retention of tin was found in almost all treatment groups and was highest in experiment 2. On cross‐sections, tin was retained within the organic matrix; in mineralized areas, tin was found mainly within a depth of 10 μm. Test solutions inhibited substance loss significantly; in experiment 2, the effect was dose‐dependent. Erosion inhibition seemed to depend mainly on the incorporation of tin in the mineralized dentine when the organic portion was preserved, but on surface precipitation when the organic portion was continuously digested.
Influence of light‐curing protocols on polymerization shrinkage and shrinkage force of a dual‐cured core build‐up resin composite
Authors: Tauböck Tobias T. , Bortolotto Tissiana , Buchalla Wolfgang , Attin Thomas , Krejci Ivo 
Published: July 2010

Tauböck TT, Bortolotto T, Buchalla W, Attin T, Krejci I. Influence of light‐curing protocols on polymerization shrinkage and shrinkage force of a dual‐cured core build‐up resin composite. Eur J Oral Sci 2010; 118: 423–429. © 2010 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2010 Eur J Oral Sci This study investigated the influence of time delay and duration of photo‐activation on linear polymerization shrinkage, shrinkage force, and hardening of a dual‐cured core build‐up resin composite. The test material (Rebilda DC) was light‐cured for 20 or 60 s either early (2 min) or late (7 min) after the start of mixing. Non‐irradiated self‐cured specimens served as controls. Linear shrinkage and shrinkage force were measured for 60 min using custom‐made devices. Knoop hardness was determined at the end of the observation period. Self‐cured controls, showing a linear shrinkage similar to that of specimens early light‐cured for 20 s generated the lowest shrinkage force and hardness. A shorter light exposure time (20 s vs. 60 s) reduced linear shrinkage, shrinkage force, and hardness when early light‐curing was performed, but did not affect the three properties in specimens light‐cured late after the start of mixing. Late photo‐activation increased linear shrinkage, irrespective of irradiation time, and resulted in a higher shrinkage force and hardness for short light exposure time. A moderate correlation was found between the two shrinkage properties studied (r2 = 0.65). In conclusion, improvements in shrinkage behavior of the tested core build‐up material were associated with inferior hardening, making it important to adapt curing protocols to the clinical situation.
Nuclear and cytoplasmic expression of Met in oral squamous cell carcinoma and in an organotypic oral cancer model
Authors: Brusevold Ingvild J. , Søland Tine M. , Khuu Cuong , Christoffersen Thoralf , Bryne Magne 
Published: July 2010

Brusevold IJ, Søland TM, Khuu C, Christoffersen T, Bryne M. Nuclear and cytoplasmic expression of Met in oral squamous cell carcinoma and in an organotypic oral cancer model. Eur J Oral Sci 2010; 118: 342–349. © 2010 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2010 Eur J Oral Sci Met, the hepatocyte growth factor receptor, is important in transducing signals for tumour growth and metastasis. The aim of this study was to examine the pattern of Met expression and its value as a prognostic factor in oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs). The material consisted of 53 OSCCs and five healthy controls from normal oral mucosa supplied with cell lines, 10 organotypic models supplied with oral cancer cells, and three organotypic models supplied with normal keratinocytes. Met protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. Met expression was scarce and limited to the basal layer in normal oral mucosa, but was more extensive in the tumours. Cytoplasmic expression of Met was found in the majority of the tumours, and nuclear expression was found in 72%, including a high fraction of the cells located at the invasive front. Organotypic models with normal or malignant oral cells yielded principally similar results as in the mucosa and the cancers, respectively. A smaller amount of Met immunoreactivity was detected, by western blotting, in the nuclear fraction of cultured oral cancer cells. In conclusion, Met was upregulated in OSCCs and was also found in the nucleus. However, Met was not a marker for prognosis in this study.
The effect of initial treatment of periodontitis on systemic markers of inflammation and cardiovascular risk: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Taylor Barbara , Tofler Geoffrey , Morel‐Kopp Marie‐Christine , Carey Helen , Carter Torren , Elliott Margaret , Dailey Colette , Villata Luke , Ward Christopher , Woodward Mark , Schenck Karl 
Published: July 2010

Taylor B, Tofler G, Morel‐Kopp M‐C, Carey H, Carter T, Elliott M, Dailey C, Villata L, Ward C, Woodward M, Schenck K. The effect of initial treatment of periodontitis on systemic markers of inflammation and cardiovascular risk: a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Oral Sci 2010; 118: 350–356. © 2010 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2010 Eur J Oral Sci Observational studies indicate that chronic periodontal disease is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. The aim of this study was to determine whether initial periodontal treatment has a beneficial effect on systemic markers of inflammation and cardiovascular risk. One hundred and thirty‐six adults with chronic periodontitis were allocated to either intervention or control groups in a 3‐month randomized controlled intervention study. The intervention group received initial periodontal treatment, whereas the control group did not receive that treatment until after the study. Blood levels of cardiovascular risk factors, and of hematological, inflammatory, and metabolic markers, were measured at the beginning and the end of the study, and differences were calculated. Fibrinogen level was the primary outcome measure. Data for 61 persons in the intervention group and for 64 persons in the control group were available for statistical analysis. Compared with the control group, the intervention group showed a non‐significant trend for a lower fibrinogen level. Significant increases in hemoglobin and hematocrit were seen after treatment, showing that initial periodontal treatment, a relatively simple and cost‐effective intervention, has systemic effects.
Microbiota around teeth and dental implants in periodontally healthy, partially edentulous patients: is pre‐implant microbiological testing relevant?
Authors: Meijndert Leo , Van Der Reijden Wil A. , Raghoebar Gerry M. , Meijer Henny J. A. , Vissink Arjan 
Published: July 2010

Meijndert L, van der Reijden WA, Raghoebar GM, Meijer HJA, Vissink A. Microbiota around teeth and dental implants in periodontally healthy, partially edentulous patients: is pre‐implant microbiological testing relevant? Eur J Oral Sci 2010; 118: 357–363. © 2010 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2010 Eur J Oral Sci This study aimed to assess the prevalence of seven periodontal marker pathogens, before implant placement and 1 yr after loading, in periodontally healthy individuals and to assess the long‐term effectiveness of pre‐implant reduction of pathogens to below threshold levels. In 93 individuals needing single tooth replacement, pooled subgingival microbiological samples from standard sites were cultured and analyzed before implant treatment and 1 yr after loading. Threshold levels commonly used in periodontology to predict periodontal breakdown were applied. Subjects with levels of pathogens above these thresholds received initial periodontal treatment including systemic antibiotics when indicated. At baseline, 49.5% of periodontally healthy subjects harboured one or more marker pathogens above threshold levels. Periodontal treatment reduced the pathogen levels below threshold values in 78.3% of these initially colonized subjects. In all cases Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis were reduced to below threshold. At 1 yr after loading, periodontal pathogens were present above threshold levels in 74.1% of all subjects. It is concluded that in almost half of periodontal healthy individuals the subgingival biofilm harbours periodontal pathogens above threshold values. Long‐term effectiveness of pre‐implant reduction of the selected marker pathogens appeared limited in our patient population, making pre‐implant reduction unpredictive for post‐implant levels of these pathogens. Thus, considering the applied microbiological criteria, generalized pre‐implant microbiological testing is not contributory in periodontally healthy subjects.
Modelling the impact of modifying lifestyle risk factors on dementia prevalence in Australian population aged 45 years and over, 2006–2051
Authors: Nepal Binod , Brown Laurie , Ranmuthugala Geetha 
Published: July 2010

Aim:  To model impact of modifiable risk behaviour on dementia prevalence among the Australian population aged 45 years and over.Methods:  A group‐based computer model was constructed to estimate the impact of modifying risk behaviour on dementia prevalence.Results:  Based on population ageing, the number of people aged 45 years and over living with dementia is expected to triple from 187 000 in 2006 to 650 000 by 2051. A drop in proportion ever smokers by 5% every 5 years would lower population with dementia by 2% in 2051. If obesity rate drops by 5%, dementia prevalence would be lower by 6%. A decline in physical inactivity rate by 5% would reduce dementia by 11%. Persistence of the growing trend in obesity and physical inactivity would result in a larger than expected dementia epidemic.Conclusion:  Improving the risk behaviours has potential to make a substantial reduction in the number of people with dementia.