bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perivascular Adipose Tissue and Uterine Artery Adaptations to Pregnancy
Authors: Osikoya Oluwatobiloba , Hula Nataliia , da Silva Renée de Nazaré Oliveira , Goulopoulou Styliani 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTPregnancy is characterized by longitudinal maternal, physiological adaptations to support the development of a fetus. One of the cardinal maternal adaptations during a healthy pregnancy is a progressive increase in uterine artery blood flow. This facilitates sufficient blood supply for the development of the placenta and the growing fetus. Regional hemodynamic changes in the uterine circulation, such as a vast reduction in uterine artery resistance, are mainly facilitated by changes in uterine artery reactivity and myogenic tone along with remodeling of the uterine arteries. These regional changes in vascular reactivity have been attributed to pregnancy‐induced adaptations of cell‐to‐cell communication mechanisms, with an emphasis on the interaction between endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells. Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is considered the fourth layer of the vascular wall and contributes to the regulation of vascular reactivity in most vascular beds and most species. This review focuses on mechanisms of uterine artery reactivity and the role of PVAT in pregnancy‐induced maternal vascular adaptations, with an emphasis on the uterine circulation.
Deep neural network based time–frequency decomposition for structural seismic responses training with synthetic samples
Authors: Zhou Xiaohang , Li Qixuan , Cui Ranting , Zhu Xuan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTime–frequency decomposition is a powerful tool in assessing the dynamic behaviors of structures. Traditional time–frequency decomposition methods struggle with adaptability, and are limited in handling the structural responses with strong nonlinearity and closely spaced modes. In this study, a cutting‐edge approach based on deep neural network (DNN) is proposed to achieve a precise and adaptive time–frequency decomposition of nonlinear structural responses under seismic excitations. Remarkably, despite being trained on synthetic samples, the proposed method demonstrates outstanding performance in decomposing time–frequency components across various seismic response scenarios. Compared to variational mode decomposition (VMD) and synchroextracting transform (SET), the proposed method exhibited superior precision in time–frequency decomposition and excellent efficiency in parameter optimization. Moreover, the applicability of the proposed method to real‐world complex structures has been verified, which also shows promising generalization capabilities. Future research will aim to enhance the network performance by incorporating additional learning samples with diverse nonlinear characteristics.
Scoring facial attractiveness with deep convolutional neural networks: How training on standardized images reduces the bias of facial expressions
Authors: Obwegeser Dorothea , Timofte Radu , Mayer Christoph , Bornstein Michael M. , Schätzle Marc A. , Patcas Raphael 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveIn many medical disciplines, facial attractiveness is part of the diagnosis, yet its scoring might be confounded by facial expressions. The intent was to apply deep convolutional neural networks (CNN) to identify how facial expressions affect facial attractiveness and to explore whether a dedicated training of the CNN is able to reduce the bias of facial expressions.Materials and MethodsFrontal facial images (n = 840) of 40 female participants (mean age 24.5 years) were taken adapting a neutral facial expression and the six universal facial expressions. Facial attractiveness was computed by means of a face detector, deep convolutional neural networks, standard support vector regression for facial beauty, visual regularized collaborative filtering and a regression technique for handling visual queries without rating history. CNN was first trained on random facial photographs from a dating website and then further trained on the Chicago Face Database (CFD) to increase its suitability to medical conditions. Both algorithms scored every image for attractiveness.ResultsFacial expressions affect facial attractiveness scores significantly. Scores from CNN additionally trained on CFD had less variability between the expressions (range 54.3–60.9 compared to range: 32.6–49.5) and less variance within the scores (P ≤ .05), but also caused a shift in the ranking of the expressions' facial attractiveness.ConclusionFacial expressions confound attractiveness scores. Training on norming images generated scores less susceptible to distortion, but more difficult to interpret. Scoring facial attractiveness based on CNN seems promising, but AI solutions must be developed on CNN trained to recognize facial expressions as distractors.
Comparing clinical measures of near point of convergence and accommodation from the lateral canthus and browline in a paediatric and adolescent population
Authors: Marusic Sophia , Vyas Neerali , Wu Carissa H. , Raghuram Aparna 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPurposeClinicians measure the near point of convergence (NPC) and the amplitude of accommodation (AA) from the spectacle plane, the bridge of the nose or the lateral canthus when assessing visual function. These values are compared to standard clinical criteria to diagnose vergence and accommodation deficits, despite varying reference points. This prospective study explored measuring relative to the spectacle plane and from the lateral canthus for NPC and monocular AA, and the resulting clinical implications of diagnosing visual deficits.MethodsParticipants were seen by a single clinician for an eye examination. NPC was measured from the forehead and the lateral canthus of the right eye. Monocular AA was measured from the brow and the lateral canthus. Differences between measurements were analysed using non‐parametric statistical tests including Wilcoxon Signed Rank, as well as linear regression and a linear mixed effects model to adjust for inter‐eye correlation and repeated measures. Chi‐square tests were used to assess differences in rates of abnormal findings.ResultsData were collected from 70 participants (53% female, median age 13 [11–15] years). On average, measuring NPC from the lateral canthus yielded a value 1.8 cm higher than measuring from the forehead. Measuring AA from the lateral canthus resulted in an average difference of 1.5 cm compared to measuring from the brow. A total of 39% and 76% of subjects failed NPC compared to clinical norms when measured from the forehead or the lateral canthus, respectively, while 7% and 40% failed AA when measured from the brow or the lateral canthus, respectively.ConclusionWith the variable anatomy of the eye, it is imperative to account for the measurement point when assessing visual function. Measuring from the lateral canthus greatly increased the failure rates for NPC and AA compared with measuring from the forehead and brow, respectively.
Limited Revision with a Newly Designed Hinge Device for the Treatment of Mega‐Prosthesis Hinge Failure: Two Case Reports
Authors: Zheng Kai , Yu Xiu‐chun , Xu Ming , Cui Hao‐cheng , Zhang Jing‐yu , Wei Yue 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundSurgical treatment for hinge failure in mega‐prosthesis continues to be a challenge. This study introduces a new method for treating hinge failure by using a unilateral prosthesis and hinge revision.Case PresentationWe here present two patients who underwent mega‐prosthesis reconstruction after resection of osteosarcoma in the distal femur. To address the issue of knee hyperextension after mega‐prosthesis reconstruction, one patient underwent three revision surgeries, two surgeries were performed using the original hinge, and one surgery involved a newly designed hinge. To resolve the problem of dislocation, one patient underwent three revisions, with the first two revisions not involving hinge replacement and the third revision involving a newly designed hinge. Two replacements of unilateral prosthesis and hinge renovations were successful.ConclusionsUnilateral prosthesis and newly designed hinge device revision are effective in treating the failure of old‐fashioned mega‐prosthesis hinges.
Treatment of Ulnar Coronoid Process Fracture Using the Anterior Neurovascular Interval Approach: A Retrospective Clinical Study with Short‐ to Mid‐term Follow‐up
Authors: Yang Fei , Wang Zeyong , Yuan Tangbo , Qin Jian 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveNumerous surgical techniques for addressing ulnar coronoid process fractures are available; however, a consensus on the optimal approach remains elusive. This study aimed to use the anterior neurovascular interval approach for the surgical management of ulnar coronoid process fractures and to evaluate its clinical outcomes over short‐ to mid‐term follow‐up.MethodsThis retrospective clinical study included 20 patients with ulnar coronoid process fractures who were treated using the anterior neurovascular interval approach between January 2018 and December 2022. Participants comprised 16 males and four females, aged between 20 and 64 years (mean, 34.3 ± 12.44 years). Clinical and radiological evaluations were based on elbow joint range of motion (ROM), Visual analogue scale (VAS), and Mayo elbow performance score (MEPS). A paired t‐test was used to compare the pre‐operative and final follow‐up VAS and MEPS scores.ResultsThe follow‐up duration for all patients was at least 12 months (average, 12.65 ± 1.60 months). At the final follow‐up, measurements of elbow ROM included a mean extension of 2.85 ± 3.17°, mean flexion of 135 ± 7.25°, mean pronation of 86.4 ± 4.56°, and mean supination of 84.85 ± 5.54°. All participants reached their target MEPS, with an average score of 97.25 ± 4.72 points, and the final mean VAS score was 0.2 ± 0.52 points. The VAS score was significantly lower and MEPS score was higher at the final follow‐up than those before surgery (p < 0.05). Throughout the follow‐up period, all the fractures united, and the stability of the affected elbows was satisfactory.ConclusionEmploying the anterior neurovascular interval approach for open reduction and internal fixation to manage coronoid process fractures effectively facilitates anatomical restoration and robust fixation of ulnar coronoid process fractures.
Multi‐scale characterisation of cold response reveals immediate and long‐term impacts on cell physiology up to seed composition in sunflower
Authors: Leconte Jean Michel Louis , Moroldo Marco , Blanchet Nicolas , Bindea Gabriela , Carrère Sébastien , Catrice Olivier , Comar Alexis , Labadie Marc , Marandel Rémy , Pouilly Nicolas , Tapy Camille , Paris Clémence , Mirleau‐Thébaud Virginie , Langlade Nicolas Bernard 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEarly sowing can help summer crops escape drought and can mitigate the impacts of climate change on them. However, it exposes them to cold stress during initial developmental stages, which has both immediate and long‐term effects on development and physiology. To understand how early night‐chilling stress impacts plant development and yield, we studied the reference sunflower line XRQ under controlled, semi‐controlled and field conditions. We performed high‐throughput imaging of the whole plant parts and obtained physiological and transcriptomic data from leaves, hypocotyls and roots. We observed morphological reductions in early stages under field and controlled conditions, with a decrease in root development, an increase in reactive oxygen species content in leaves and changes in lipid composition in hypocotyls. A long‐term increase in leaf chlorophyll suggests a stress memory mechanism that was supported by transcriptomic induction of histone coding genes. We highlighted DEGs related to cold acclimation such as chaperone, heat shock and late embryogenesis abundant proteins. We identified genes in hypocotyls involved in lipid, cutin, suberin and phenylalanine ammonia lyase biosynthesis and ROS scavenging. This comprehensive study describes new phenotyping methods and candidate genes to understand phenotypic plasticity better in response to chilling and study stress memory in sunflower.
From social categorization to implicit citizenship theories: Advancing the socio‐cognitive foundations of state–citizen interactions
Authors: Vogel Rick , Vogel Dominik , Liegat Marlen Christin , Hensel David 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPublic administration research has recently paid increasing attention to public employees' social categorization of citizens and the consequences thereof for administrative decision‐making. We advance this line of scholarship by theorizing the concept of implicit citizenship theories (ICTs) and elaborating it in four sequential empirical studies. ICTs are implicit assumptions about citizens' typical or ideal characteristics that emerge freely and associatively in the minds of public employees and guide cognitive categorization. We investigate the content and structure of these ICTs and extract a taxonomy of six distinctive, yet interrelated, prototypes of citizens that public employees bring to their jobs. As implicit theories influence attitudes and behaviors, ICTs are relevant to the quality of public services delivered to citizens. This is particularly evident where negative prototypes give rise to unequal treatment. Practical interventions to change those prototypes might target their individual beholders or the social context that makes ICTs accessible.
Enhancing antioxidant levels and mitochondrial function in porcine oocyte maturation and embryonic development through notoginsenoside R1 supplementation
Authors: He Sheng‐Yan , Liu Wen , Huang Chu‐Man , Huang Hui‐Mei , Cao Qi‐Long , Li Yun‐Xiao , Xu Yong‐Nan , Kim Nam‐Hyung , Li Ying‐Hua 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study examines the impact of Notoginsenoside R1 (NGR1), a compound from Panax notoginseng, on the maturation of porcine oocytes and their embryonic development, focusing on its effects on antioxidant levels and mitochondrial function. This study demonstrates that supplementing in vitro maturation (IVM) medium with NGR1 significantly enhances several biochemical parameters. These include elevated levels of glutathione (GSH), nuclear factor erythrocyte 2‐related factor 2 (NRF2) and mRNA expression of catalase (CAT) and GPX. Concurrently, we observed a decrease in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and an increase in JC‐1 immunofluorescence, mitochondrial distribution, peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ coactivator‐1α (PGC1α) and nuclear NRF2 mRNA levels. Additionally, there was an increase in ATP production and lipid droplets (LDs) immunofluorescence. These biochemical improvements correlate with enhanced embryonic outcomes, including a higher blastocyst rate, increased total cell count, enhanced proliferative capacity and elevated octamer‐binding transcription factor 4 (Oct4) and superoxide dismutase 2 (Sod2) gene expression. Furthermore, NGR1 supplementation resulted in decreased apoptosis, reduced caspase 3 (Cas3) and BCL2‐Associated X (Bax) mRNA levels and decreased glucose‐regulated protein 78 kD (GRP78) immunofluorescence in porcine oocytes undergoing in vitro maturation. These findings suggest that NGR1 plays a crucial role in promoting porcine oocyte maturation and subsequent embryonic development by providing antioxidant levels and mitochondrial protection.
Sustainability in regulating biotechnology: A new form of knowledge in regulatory co‐production?
Authors: Poort Lonneke , Quintavalla Alberto 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe analyse the extent to which sustainable development influences the co‐production of regulations that target new technologies in the European Union (EU). We start by identifying the conventional forms of knowledge that serve as inputs into that co‐productive process, namely scientific, societal and legal knowledge. We show that sustainability‐related propositions have gained considerable traction in the regulation of genetic modification (GM) in the EU. Furthermore, the analysis reveals that sustainability cannot be reduced to scientific or societal knowledge. As far as the overlap between sustainability knowledge and legal knowledge is concerned, it is undeniable that sustainable development is deeply embedded into EU regulation; however, treating sustainable development solely as an element of the law does not capture the material influence that it exerts on society and technology, not to speak of its evolutionary flexibility. It follows that it would be best to treat sustainability as a separate input into the co‐creation process.
‘We are here our hearts are there’: Rurality, belonging and walking together
Authors: Asikainen Henna , McAreavey Ruth 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe notion of the rural idyll is well recognised within scholarship. Allied to this imaginary is that rural areas comprise white and homogenous space, with socially conservative values that are exclusionary. In recent decades, studies have identified the arrival of migrants into so‐called New Immigration Destinations, rural spaces with little contemporary experience of immigration, often bringing with them a sense of cosmopolitanism. That research challenges discourses of a fully exclusive rural space, identifying acts of welcoming and hospitality. These acts are often performed in everyday spaces to help create a sense of belonging for new arrivals. Migrants’ sense of belonging to a place is often taken as an indicator of their integration into society. Research has shown that belonging is more than a term used to describe an attachment to place, it also relates to the politics (of belonging) and to notions of identity. We use the specificity of place to examine the intersection of belonging, rurality and ethnicity. Drawing on participatory walks with diverse migrants along Hadrian's Wall in the North of England (celebrating 1900‐year anniversary), we explore the significance of walking as a tool to engage with forced refugees. We do so through the dual perspectives of an art practitioner and a sociologist. The project included collective walks, creative artist lead learning workshops, which lead to a performative protest walk, and a public‐facing art exhibition. The act of walking together blurs boundaries arising from individual status or position, creating a bond from doing a shared activity enabling conversation and friendships to emerge. Through collective walking, we explore the barriers refugees and those in the asylum‐seeking system face in the rural space; and we show how belonging is emotional and relational. Emotional connections can become powerful tools for survival, especially in a cruel immigration system that dehumanises and fails to recognise individuals for who they really are. This is demonstrated in the title of this article ‘We are here our hearts are there’, which comes from one of our participants who deployed the phrase during the artistic performative protest along the Wall.
A multifaceted crosstalk between brassinosteroid and gibberellin regulates the resistance of cucumber to Phytophthora melonis
Authors: Kang Yunyan , Jiang Zhongli , Meng Chen , Ning Xianpeng , Pan Gengzheng , Yang Xian , Zhong Min 
Published: June 2024

SUMMARYCucumber plants are highly susceptible to the hemibiotroph oomycete Phytophthora melonis. However, the mechanism of resistance to cucumber blight remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrated that cucumber plants with impairment in the biosynthesis of brassinosteroids (BRs) or gibberellins (GAs) were more susceptible to P. melonis. By contrast, increasing levels of endogenous BRs or exogenously application of 24‐epibrassinolide enhanced the resistance of cucumber plants against P. melonis. Furthermore, we found that both knockout and overexpression of the BR biosynthesis gene CYP85A1 reduced the endogenous GA3 content compared with that of wild‐type plants under the condition of inoculation with P. melonis, and the enhancement of disease resistance conferred by BR was inhibited in plants with silencing of the GA biosynthetic gene GA20ox1 or KAO. Together, these findings suggest that GA homeostasis is an essential factor mediating BRs‐induced disease resistance. Moreover, BZR6, a key regulator of BR signaling, was found to physically interact with GA20ox1, thereby suppressing its transcription. Silencing of BZR6 promoted endogenous GA biosynthesis and compromised GA‐mediated resistance. These findings reveal multifaceted crosstalk between BR and GA in response to pathogen infection, which can provide a new approach for genetically controlling P. melonis damage in cucumber production.
Subcutaneous fat sclerosis in a domestic short‐hair cat
Authors: Dehesa Golding Alexandra , Pazzini Luca , Auriemma Edoardo , Drudi Dario , Colombo Silvia 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe authors describe a case of presumptive feline subcutaneous fat sclerosis, a condition reported only once previously (in 1987) and diagnosed with postmortem examination. We describe radiographic, computed tomography scan and histopathological findings, and partial response to oral methylprednisolone and Vitamin E.
Strategy for Topological Reconfiguration of Cable-Driven Parallel Robots
Authors: Trautwein Felix , Dietrich David , Pott Andreas , Verl Alexander 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This paper presents a strategy for stable topological in-operation-reconfiguration of cable-driven parallel robots. The term topological refers to the addition or removal of active cables and thus to changing the topology of the cable robot. During the whole reconfiguration process, the strategy guarantees the stability of the platform by considering a stability criterion based on the potential energy. In this context, two new formulations of a stable and minimal-stable workspace are introduced. Consequently, the theoretical foundations of kinematics and statics are first presented. Based on this, the limitations of conventional modeling approaches in the context of topological reconfiguration are outlined and necessary adaptations of the modeling are made. Afterward, impacts of topological adaptations are analyzed, followed by a formal description and a strategy for topological in-operation-reconfiguration. Finally, the reconfiguration strategy is applied to two simulation experiments, which show that the method is suitable for determining a stable reconfiguration sequence for the desired adaptation of the robot.
Smart and Digital World: The Technologies Needed for Digital Twins and Human Digital Twins
Authors: Coşgun Atıl Emre 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The transition to Industry 5.0 begins with the integration of the human aspect into Industry 4.0 technologies. Industry 5.0 is a human-centric design approach that aims to overcome the issues raised by Industry 4.0 and involves collaborating both with humans and robots in a shared working environment. The new idea demonstrates a great connection between technology and people, or “soft” sectors. At this point, the idea of a digital twin (DT), a novel technological innovation, appears. The digital twin is a newly developed technology that is essential for digital transformation and intelligent updates. The fundamental basis of this concept involves the amalgamation of artificial intelligence (AI) with the notion of digital twins, which refer to virtual renditions of tangible entities, systems, or procedures. Therefore, this article focuses on digital twins and the innovative concept of human digital twins (HDTs), with particular emphasis on the technological tools of AI in the usage of mentioned technology. Also, this article conducts a comprehensive political (P), economic (E), social (S), technological (T), legal (L), and environmental (E) (PESTLE) analysis of Industry 5.0, while specifically delving into the concepts of digital twin and human digital twin.