bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How to improve the hygienic quality of forages for horse feeding
Authors: Séguin Virginie , Garon David , Lemauviel‐Lavenant Servane , Lanier Caroline , Bouchart Valérie , Gallard Yves , Blanchet Benoît , Diquélou Sylvain , Personeni Emmanuelle , Ourry Alain 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND: Improving the hygienic quality of forages for horse nutrition seems to be a reasonable target for decreasing the prevalence of pulmonary diseases. The aim of the experiment was to study the effects of different agricultural practices on the main aero‐allergens contained in forages, including breathable dust, fungi, mycotoxins and pollens.RESULTS: Results showed that the late harvest of hay, a second crop or a haylage production provides a good alternative to increase hygienic quality by reducing fungi contamination and breathable dust content. Barn drying of hay, while having no effect on breathable dust, similarly reduced fungi contamination. In contrast, when hay was harvested at a lower dry mass content (750 g DM kg−1 versus 850 g DM kg−1), both breathable dust and fungi contaminations were increased, which could at least be reversed by adding propionic acid just before baling. Zearalenone was detected in different hays, and even in one case, in breathable dust.CONCLUSION: Overall, our data suggest that different approaches can be used to increase forage hygienic quality for horse feeding and thus reduce their exposure to factors involved in equine pulmonary disease. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Interrelationships among seed yield, total protein and amino acid composition of ten quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) cultivars from two different agroecological regions
Authors: Gonzalez Juan A , Konishi Yotaro , Bruno Marcela , Valoy Mariana , Prado Fernando E 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND: Quinoa is a good source of protein and can be used as a nutritional ingredient in food products. This study analyses how much growing region and/or seasonal climate might affect grain yield and nutritional quality of quinoa seeds.RESULTS: Seeds of ten quinoa cultivars from the Andean highlands (Bolivia/Argentina site) and Argentinean Northwest (Encalilla site) were analysed for seed yield, protein content and amino acid composition. Grain yields of five cultivars growing at Encalilla were higher, and four were lower, compared with data from the Bolivia/Argentina site. Protein contents ranged from 91.5 to 155.3 and from 96.2 to 154.6 g kg−1 dry mass for Encalilla and Bolivia/Argentina seeds respectively, while essential amino acid concentrations ranged from 179.9 to 357.2 and from 233.7 to 374.5 g kg−1 protein respectively. Significant positive correlations were found between the content of essential amino acids and protein percentage.CONCLUSION: It appears that there are clear variations in seed yield, total protein content and amino acid composition among cultivars from the two sites. Essential amino acid composition was more affected than grain yield and protein level. The study revealed that both environmental and climatic factors influence the nutritional composition of quinoa cultivars growing in different agroecological regions. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Targeting the proteasome as a promising therapeutic strategy in thyroid cancer
Authors: Wunderlich Annette , Arndt Tjadina , Fischer Melina , Roth Silvia , Ramaswamy Annette , Greene Brandon H. , Brendel Cornelia , Hinterseher Ulrike , Bartsch Detlef K. , Hoffmann Sebastian 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesTargeting the ubiquitin–proteasome system by using proteasome inhibitors represents a novel approach for cancer therapy. Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC), a subtype of thyroid cancer (TC), fails to respond to conventional TC treatment. Here we investigated the effects of bortezomib on TC in vitro. Further, the study aimed to evaluate its potential for TC treatment in vivo.MethodsThree anaplastic (Hth74, C643, Kat4), one follicular (FTC133), and one papillary (TPC1) TC cell lines were used. Antiproliferative, proapoptotic, and transcriptional effects of bortezomib treatment were analyzed in vitro and growth inhibition of ATC xenografts in vivo. Tumor samples were analyzed by Ki67, CD31, caspase‐3, and NF‐κB immunohistochemistry.ResultsIn vitro, bortezomib inhibited proliferation of TC cells (IC50 4–10 nM), increased caspase‐3 activity and induced cell cycle arrest. NF‐κB activity was affected differently. In vivo, bortezomib treatment was effective in reducing tumor volume (up to 74%), accompanied by reduced proliferation (Ki67) and 57% reduced tumor vascularity.ConclusionProteasome inhibition is effective in reducing cell growth and inducing apoptosis of ATC in vitro and inhibiting tumor growth and vascularity in vivo. However, the impact on nuclear transcription remains controversial. Clinical evaluation of bortezomib treatment in ATC is warranted. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012;105:357–364. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cartilage reshaping for protruding ears: A prospective long term follow‐up of 32 procedures
Authors: Leclère Franck Marie P. , Trelles Mario , Mordon Serge R. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBackgroundCorrection of prominent ears is a common plastic surgical procedure. We introduced a new non‐invasive laser‐assisted cartilage reshaping (LACR) technique as an alternative to invasive surgical otoplasty.MethodsSince our first report in 2006, 32 LACR procedures in 17 patients have been performed at the Antoni De Gimbernat Foundation in collaboration with the French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U703. For 15 patients, the procedure was bilateral, for the remaining 2 patients LACR was performed only on one side. The treatment consisted of seven stacked pulses (3 ms, 2 Hz, 84 J/cm2 cumulative fluence) applied using a 4‐mm spot hand piece. Early and late complications were defined and reviewed for the whole series. Satisfaction was assessed by the patients using a visual analogue scale from 0 (unsatisfied) to 10 (highly satisfied). The superior and middle cephaloauricular distances were prospectively evaluated.ResultsExcept for two cases of dermatitis, there were no early complications and no late complications (like keloids) in the series. The mean superior and middle cephaloauricular distances were, respectively, 12.3 ± 1.9 and 13.7 ± 1.6 mm compared to 17.8 ± 3.1 mm (p < 0.01) and 23.9 ± 1.9 mm (p < 0.01) before operation. Mean patient satisfaction was 8.6/10 with all patients reporting that they would be willing to undergo the procedure again, if required.ConclusionLACR appears to be a safe and reproducible method for the treatment of protruding ears. Other applications of this technique, like laser assisted septal cartilage reshaping (LASCR) for septum deviation, have been recently described. Lasers Surg. Med. 43:875‐880, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Fiberoptic microneedles: Novel optical diffusers for interstitial delivery of therapeutic light
Authors: Kosoglu Mehmet A. , Hood Robert L. , Rossmeisl John H. , Grant David C. , Xu Yong , Robertson John L. , Rylander Marissa Nichole , Rylander Christopher G. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesPhotothermal therapies have limited efficacy and application due to the poor penetration depth of light inside tissue. In earlier work, we described the development of novel fiberoptic microneedles to provide a means to mechanically penetrate dermal tissue and deliver light directly into a localized target area. This paper presents an alternate fiberoptic microneedle design with the capability of delivering more diffuse, but therapeutically useful photothermal energy. Laser lipolysis is envisioned as a future clinical application for this design.Materials and MethodsA novel fiberoptic microneedle was developed using hydrofluoric acid etching of optical fiber to permit diffuse optical delivery. Microneedles etched for 10, 30, and 50 minutes, and an optical fiber control was compared with three techniques. First, red light delivery from the microneedles was evaluated by imaging the reflectance of the light from a white paper. Second, spatial temperature distribution of the paper in response to near‐IR light (1,064 nm, 1 W CW) was recorded using infrared thermography. Third, ex vivo adipose tissue response during 1,064 nm, (5 W CW) irradiation was recorded with bright field microscopy.ResultsThe acid etching exposed a 3 mm length of the fiber core, allowing circumferential delivery of light along this length. Increasing etching time decreased microneedle diameter, resulting in increased uniformity of red and 1,064 nm light delivery along the microneedle axis. For equivalent total energy delivery, thinner microneedles reduced carbonization in the adipose tissue experiments.ConclusionsWe developed novel microscale optical diffusers that provided a more homogeneous light distribution from their surfaces, and compared performance to a flat‐cleaved fiber, a device currently utilized in clinical practice. These fiberoptic microneedles can potentially enhance clinical laser procedures by providing direct delivery of diffuse light to target chromophores, while minimizing undesirable photothermal damage in adjacent, non‐target tissue. Lasers Surg. Med. 43:914‐920, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Thrombocytopenia, Splenomegaly, and Portal Blood Flow in Patients Who Have Undergone Liver Transplantation for Cirrhosis
Authors: Eyraud Daniel , Granger Benjamin , Ionescu Christian , Fratéa Silvia , Darnat Sabine , Vaillant Jean-Christophe , Siksik Jean-Michel , Hannoun Laurent , Coriat Pierre 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
The platelet count (PC), the spleen size (SS), and the portal blood flow (PBF) have been independently studied in the perioperative period after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) for cirrhosis, but these parameters have not been described and analyzed in combination. We analyzed PC data and Doppler sonography measurements of SS and PBF from 125 adult patients before OLT and 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after transplantation. A linear mixed model with fixed subject random intercepts was used. PCs increased significantly from 101.5 ± 68.5 × 109/L before OLT to 162.4 ± 86 × 109/L 1 month after OLT and remained stable for 1 year after the operation. PBF increased significantly from 619 ± 239 mL/minute before OLT to 1379 ± 491 mL/minute after OLT and remained stable during the first year. SS slowly decreased after OLT, but the decrease became significant only 9 months after the operation (13.8 ± 4.2 cm before OLT versus 11.7 ± 3.7 cm at 9 months, P < 0.05). The cirrhosis etiology did not influence the evolution of the parameters. With or without replication or interferon treatment before OLT, the hepatitis C group viruses did not influence PCs postoperatively. The evolution of SS was correlated to the evolution of PCs in the year after transplantation. In conclusion, PCs and PBF increase rapidly after OLT, whereas SS slowly decreases. The cirrhosis etiology does not influence the evolution of PCs. Thrombocytopenia and splenomegaly are 2 results of portal hypertension, but the rapid normalization of PBF does not completely or rapidly reverse these 2 phenomena.
Liver Transpl 18:340–346, 2012.
© 2011 AASLD.
A frequency domain approach for estimating multiaxial random fatigue life
Authors: Nguyen N. , Bacher‐Höchst M. , Sonsino C. M. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThis paper presents a probabilistic method for fatigue life estimation within the frequency domain for structural elements subjected to multiaxial random loadings. Multivariate Monte Carlo Simulation is used to account for the correlation between the stress components and their different probability of occurrence and, moreover, enables stochastics during damage analysis to be allowed for and, at the same time, uses any suitable, material dependent multiaxial fatigue criterion known from the time domain. Comparison of the evaluated fatigue damage with experimental results from vibration tests on a demonstrator, chosen from common application fields in the automobile industry, shows good correlation.
Overload effects on a ferritic‐baintic steel and a cast aluminium alloy: two very different behaviours
Authors: Saintier N. , Palin‐Luc T. , Bidonard H. , el Dsoki C. , Kaufmann H. , Dumas C. , Völlmecke F. J. , Sonsino C. M. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractLoad controlled fatigue tests were performed up to 107 cycles on flat notched specimens (Kt = 2.5) under constant amplitude and variable amplitude loadings with and without periodical overloads. Two materials are studied: a ferritic‐bainitic steel and a cast aluminium alloy. These materials have a very different cyclic behaviour: the steel exhibits cyclic strain softening whereas the Al alloy shows cyclic strain hardening. The fatigue tests show that, for the steel, periodical overload applications reduce significantly the fatigue life for fully reversed load ratio (Rσ = –1), while they have no influence under pulsating loading (Rσ = 0). For the Al alloy overloads have an effect (fatigue life decreasing) only for variable amplitude loadings. The detrimental effect of overloads on the steel is due to ratcheting at the notch root which evolution is overload's dependent.
Role of STAT3/5 and Bcl‐2/xL in 2‐methoxyestradiol‐induced endoreduplication of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells
Authors: Ting C.M. , Wong Chris K.C. , Wong R.N.S. , Lo K.W. , Lee Anne W.M. , Tsao George S.W. , Lung Maria L. , Mak N.K. 
Published: October 2011

Abstract2‐methoxyestradiol (2ME2), an endogenous metabolite of 17‐β‐estradiol, has been shown to induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in various tumor models. We have previously shown that 2ME2 induced endoreduplication in a well‐differentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) HK‐1 and a poorly differentiated C666‐1 cell line. In the present study, we studied the survival factors involved in 2ME2‐induced endoreduplicating NPC cells. In the HK‐1 cells, knockdown of BcL‐xL expression by siRNA resulted in the reduction of endoreduplication and an increase in the percentage of apoptosis. Further mechanistic study revealed that 2ME2 enhanced the expression of the phosphorylated form of STAT5 (p‐STAT5‐Y694), but not p‐STAT3 (Y705) and p‐STAT3 (S727), in the nucleus of HK‐1 cells. Pre‐treatment of cells with JAK/STAT inhibitor AG490 and STAT5 inhibitor resulted not only in the reduced expression of Bcl‐xL, but also reduced the percentage of endoreduplicating cells. In contrast, 2ME2 enhanced the expression of p‐STAT3 in the poorly differentiated C666‐1 cells. Pharmacological inhibition of STAT3 or Bcl‐2/xL resulted in a decrease in endoreduplication of C666‐1 cells. Taken together, the expression of p‐STAT5 and p‐STAT3 was upregulated in 2ME2‐induced endoreduplicating HK‐1 and C666‐1 cells, respectively. Combination of 2ME2 with Bcl‐2/xL inhibitor is a novel strategy to reduce the formation of endoreduplicating cells during chemotherapeutic treatment of NPC. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Intestinal carcinogenesis of two food processing contaminants, 2‐amino‐1‐methyl‐6‐phenylimidazo[4,5‐b]pyridine and 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural, in transgenic FVB min mice expressing human sulfotransferases
Authors: Svendsen Camilla , Meinl Walter , Glatt Hansruedi , Alexander Jan , Knutsen Helle K. , Hjertholm Hege , Rasmussen Tone , Husøy Trine 
Published: October 2011

AbstractHumans express sulfotransferases (SULTs) of the SULT1A subfamily in many tissues, whilst the single SULT1A gene present in rodents is mainly expressed in liver. The food processing contaminants, 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and 2‐amino‐1‐methyl‐6‐phenylimidazo[4,5‐b]pyridine (PhIP), are bioactivated by human SULT1A1 and SULT1A2. FVB multiple intestinal neoplasia (Min) mice, which spontaneously develop tumors and flat aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in intestine, were crossed with transgenic FVB mice expressing human SULT1A1 and 1A2 (hSULT) in several tissues, giving rise to wild‐type and Min mice with and without hSULT. One‐week‐old Min mice with or without hSULT were given HMF (375 or 750 mg/kg bw) or saline by gavage three times a week for 11 wk. In another experiment, the F1 generation received subcutaneous injections of 50 mg/kg bw PhIP or saline 1 wk before birth, and 1, 2, and 3 wk after birth. HMF did not affect the formation of tumors, but may have induced some flat ACF (incidence 15–20%) in Min mice with and without hSULT. No control mouse developed any flat ACF. With the limitation that these putative effects were weak, they were unaffected by hSULT expression. The carcinogenic effect of PhIP increased in the presence of hSULT, with a significant increase in both incidence (31–80%) and number of colonic tumors (0.4–1.3 per animal). Thus, intestinal expression of human SULT1A1 and 1A2 might increase the susceptibility to compounds bioactivated via this pathway implying that humans might be more susceptible than conventional rodent models. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Neutrophils are required for 3‐methylcholanthrene‐initiated, butylated hydroxytoluene‐promoted lung carcinogenesis
Authors: Vikis Haris G. , Gelman Andrew E. , Franklin Andrew , Stein Lauren , Rymaszewski Amy , Zhu Jihong , Liu Pengyuan , Tichelaar Jay W. , Krupnick Alexander S. , You Ming 
Published: October 2011

AbstractMultiple studies have shown a link between chronic inflammation and lung tumorigenesis. Inbred mouse strains vary in their susceptibility to methylcholanthrene (MCA)‐initiated butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT)‐promoted lung carcinogenesis. In the present study we investigated whether neutrophils play a role in strain dependent differences in susceptibility to lung tumor promotion. We observed a significant elevation in homeostatic levels of neutrophils in the lungs of tumor‐susceptible BALB/cByJ (BALB) mice compared to tumor‐resistant C57BL/6J (B6) mice. Additionally, BHT treatment further elevated neutrophil numbers as well as neutrophil chemoattractant keratinocyte‐derived cytokine (KC)/chemokine (C‐X‐C motif) ligand 1 (Cxcl1) levels in BALB lung airways. Lung CD11c+ cells were a major source of KC expression and depletion of neutrophils in BALB mice resulted in a 71% decrease in tumor multiplicity. However, tumor multiplicity did not depend on the presence of T cells, despite the accumulation of T cells following BHT treatment. These data demonstrate that neutrophils are essential to promote tumor growth in the MCA/BHT two‐step lung carcinogenesis model. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Involvement of mitogen‐activated protein kinase in signal transducer and activator of transcription‐1 mediated differentiation induced by bortezomib in acute myeloid leukemia cells
Authors: Zhou Xinglu , Fang Yanfen , Jing Hui , Zhong Like , Luo Peihua , Song Hua , Yang Bo , He Qiaojun 
Published: October 2011

AbstractIn this paper we report a new myeloid differentiation effect of bortezomib (BTZ) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell lines and primary patient‐derived AML cells; this effect was assayed by investigating growth‐inhibition, cell morphology, differentiation markers, and nitro‐blue tetrazolium reduction. We show that BTZ induces the phosphorylation of several mitogen‐activated protein (MAP) kinases, including MEK/ERK, c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 MAPK. BTZ‐induced cell differentiation is almost completely reversed by PD98059, an inhibitor of MEK, which also attenuates the increase in phospho‐JNK p46. However, p38 activation does not appear to be required for the differentiation induced by BTZ. Furthermore, the differentiation effect of BTZ is associated with increased protein level of signal transducer and activator of transcription‐1 (STAT1), a molecular determinant of myeloid differentiation, due to effects on both its synthesis and degradation. In short, this study reveals that BTZ activates the MEK/ERK cascade, which further up‐regulates the expression and activity of the key myeloid transcription factor STAT1, thus promoting myeloid differentiation. These findings contribute to an unexpected potential mechanism for the antitumor activity of BTZ in AML. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Transient decrease in tumor oxygenation after intravenous administration of pyruvate
Authors: Saito Keita , Matsumoto Shingo , Devasahayam Nallathamby , Subramanian Sankaran , Munasinghe Jeeva P. , Morris H. Douglas , Lizak Martin J. , Ardenkjaer‐Larsen Jan Henrik , Mitchell James B. , Krishna Murali C. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractMRI using hyperpolarized 13C‐labeled pyruvate is a promising tool to biochemically profile tumors and monitor their response to therapy. This technique requires injection of pyruvate into tumor‐bearing animals. Pyruvate is an endogenous entity but the influence of exogenously injected bolus doses of pyruvate on tumor microenvironment is not well understood. In this study, the effect of injecting a bolus of pyruvate on tumor oxygen status was investigated. EPR oxygen imaging revealed that the partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) in squamous cell carcinoma implanted in mice decreased significantly 30 min after [1‐13C]pyruvate injection, but recovered to preinjection levels after 5 h. Dynamic contrast‐enhanced‐MRI studies showed that, at the dose of pyruvate used, no changes in tumor perfusion were noticed. Immunohistochemical analysis of hypoxic marker pimonidazole independently verified that the squamous cell carcinoma tumor transiently became more hypoxic by pyruvate injection. Efficacy of radiotherapy was suppressed when X‐irradiation was delivered during the period of pyruvate‐induced transient hypoxia. These results suggest importance of taking into account the transient decrease in tumor pO2 after pyruvate injection in hyperpolarized 13C MRI, because tumor oxygen status is an important factor in determining outcomes of therapies. Magn Reson Med, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Application of the fractional Fourier transform to image reconstruction in MRI
Authors: Parot Vicente , Sing‐Long Carlos , Lizama Carlos , Tejos Cristian , Uribe Sergio , Irarrazaval Pablo 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe classic paradigm for MRI requires a homogeneous B0 field in combination with linear encoding gradients. Distortions are produced when the B0 is not homogeneous, and several postprocessing techniques have been developed to correct them. Field homogeneity is difficult to achieve, particularly for short‐bore magnets and higher B0 fields. Nonlinear magnetic components can also arise from concomitant fields, particularly in low‐field imaging, or intentionally used for nonlinear encoding. In any of these situations, the second‐order component is key, because it constitutes the first step to approximate higher‐order fields. We propose to use the fractional Fourier transform for analyzing and reconstructing the object's magnetization under the presence of quadratic fields. The fractional fourier transform provides a precise theoretical framework for this. We show how it can be used for reconstruction and for gaining a better understanding of the quadratic field‐induced distortions, including examples of reconstruction for simulated and in vivo data. The obtained images have improved quality compared with standard Fourier reconstructions. The fractional fourier transform opens a new paradigm for understanding the MR signal generated by an object under a quadratic main field or nonlinear encoding. Magn Reson Med, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.