bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient Construction of α‐Spirocyclopropyl Lactones: Iridium–Salen‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Cyclopropanation
Authors: Ichinose Masami , Suematsu Hidehiro , Katsuki Tsutomu 
Published: March 2009

AbstractDrei‐ und siebengliedrige Ringe lieferte die Titelreaktion von terminalen Olefinen mit Vinyldiazolacton als Carbenquelle (siehe Beispiel). Die Dreiringe entstanden mit hoher trans‐Selektivität, und bei 1,3‐Dienen wurde hoch regioselektiv die terminale Doppelbindung cyclopropaniert. Hydrolyse dieser Lactone und Cope‐Umlagerung führten mit hoher Enantioselektivität zu den Siebenringen.magnified image
Stereodivergente De‐novo‐Synthese verzweigter Aminozucker durch Lewis‐Säure‐induzierte Umlagerung von 1,2‐Oxazinen
Authors: Pfrengle Fabian , Lentz Dieter , Reißig Hans‐Ulrich 
Published: March 2009

AbstractGut getarnt: 1,2‐Oxazine wie 1 lagern unter Einwirkung von Lewis‐Säuren in bicyclische Produkte vom Typ 2 um, die als geschützte Äquivalente von Aminozuckern in Oligosaccharide eingebaut werden können. Nachfolgende reduktive Schritte erzeugen ungewöhnliche Oligosaccharide 3 mit C‐2‐verzweigten 4‐Aminozuckereinheiten. Die meisten Reaktionen erfolgen unter exzellenter Stereokontrolle und ermöglichen die Synthese einer Kollektion von Stereoisomeren.magnified image
Ein zweikerniger Nickel(I)‐Distickstoffkomplex und seine Reduktion in Einelektronenschritten
Authors: Pfirrmann Stefan , Limberg Christian , Herwig Christian , Stößer Reinhard , Ziemer Burkhard 
Published: March 2009

AbstractElektron für Elektron: β‐Diketiminatonickel(I)‐Komplexfragmente sind dazu in der Lage, Distickstoff durch Koordination zu aktivieren. Der entstehende Komplex kann in zwei Einelektronenschritten reduziert werden, wodurch die N‐N‐Bindung weiter aktiviert wird. Das Bild zeigt die Molekülstruktur des einfach reduzierten Komplexes mit μ‐η1:η1‐gebundenem N2.magnified image
Complete Chiral Resolution Using Additive‐Induced Crystal Size Bifurcation During Grinding
Authors: Noorduin Wim L. , van der Asdonk Pim , Meekes Hugo , van Enckevort Willem J. P. , Kaptein Bernard , Leeman Michel , Kellogg Richard M. , Vlieg Elias 
Published: March 2009

AbstractWählerisches Mahlwerk: Mit einem maßgeschneiderten Additiv gelingt es sogar ohne Racemisierung in Lösung, durch abrasives Mahlen zu einem enantiomerenreinen Festkörper zu gelangen. Dieses neuartige Verfahren der Enantiomerentrennung beruht auf einer asymmetrischen Gabelung in der Kristallgrößenverteilung als Folge eines stereoselektiv gehinderten Kristallwachstums. R=o‐Tolyl.magnified image
Addition–Hydroamination Reactions of Propargyl Cyanamides: Rapid Access to Highly Substituted 2‐Aminoimidazoles
Authors: Giles Robert L. , Sullivan John D. , Steiner Andrew M. , Looper Ryan E. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractEin wertvolles Pharmakophor, die 2‐Aminoimidazol‐Einheit, ist durch eine Reaktionssequenz aus Addition, Hydroaminierung und Isomerisierung mit vielfältigen Substitutionsmustern zugänglich (siehe Schema; R1,R4,R5=Alkyl; R3=Alkyl, Aryl; R2=H, Alkyl, Aryl). Die Synthese der Propargylcyanamid‐Vorstufen durch eine Dreikomponentenkupplung ermöglicht die Herstellung dieses wichtigen heterocyclischen Strukturmotivs in nur drei Stufen.magnified image
“Splendid Isolation” eines Nichtmetalldikations
Authors: Müller Thomas 
Published: March 2009

AbstractEingesperrt, aber glücklich: Das Triflatsalz eines Germanium(II)‐Dikations – eines atomaren Nichtmetallkations also – konnte isoliert werden, indem das Germanium(II)‐Ion im [2.2.2]Cryptanden eingekapselt wurde (gezeigt sind die Strukturformel (links) sowie die Molekülstruktur im Kristall (Mitte: Kugel‐Stab‐Modell, rechts: Kalottenmodell)). Der Cryptand befriedigt den Elektronenbedarf des Kations und schirmt es sterisch ab.magnified image
The Regio‐ and Stereoselective Synthesis of trans‐2,3‐Dihydropyridine N‐oxides and Piperidines
Authors: Andersson Hans , Gustafsson Magnus , Boström Dan , Olsson Roger , Almqvist Fredrik 
Published: March 2009

AbstractPyridin‐N‐oxide sind die Ausgangsverbindungen bei einer selektiven Synthese von trans‐substituierten Piperidinen. Eine sequenzielle Umsetzung mit Grignard‐Reagentien und Aldehyden oder Ketonen führt zur vollständig regio‐ und stereoselektiven trans‐2,3‐Addition. Hierbei werden substituierte 2,3‐Dihydropyridin‐N‐oxide in hohen Ausbeuten erhalten, die zu den entsprechenden Piperidinderivaten reduziert werden können (siehe Schema).magnified image
Bemerkenswerte Stabilisierung von Ni0(η6‐Aren)‐Komplexen durch einen Ylid‐artigen Silylenliganden
Authors: Meltzer Antje , Präsang Carsten , Milsmann Carsten , Driess Matthias 
Published: March 2009

AbstractDie Mischung macht's: Schwer zu fassende {Ni0(η6‐Aren)}‐Fragmente können durch den N‐heterocyclischen Silylenliganden 1, der eine zwitterionische Grenzstruktur aufweist, drastisch stabilisiert werden. Die σ,π‐Säure/Base‐Synergie zwischen Nickel und 1 erklärt die unerwartet hohe Stabilität des neuartigen Silylen‐Komplexes 2, der es zum ersten Mal ermöglicht, einen Arenaustausch an einem Ni0‐Zentrum zu untersuchen. Addition von B(C6F5)3 an 2 ergibt den neuartigen zwitterionischen Silylen‐Komplex 3. R=2,6‐iPr2C6H3.magnified image
Structure and Reactivity of a Unique Y‐Shaped Tricoordinate Bis(silyl)platinum(II)–NHC Complex
Authors: Berthon‐Gelloz Guillaume , de Bruin Bas , Tinant Bernard , Markó István E. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractY statt T: Ein einzigartiger, dreifach koordinierter Bis(silyl)platin(II)‐Komplex mit Y‐Form konnte isoliert und charakterisiert werden (siehe Struktur; C hellgrau, N blau, Si rosa, Pt dunkelgrau). Dichtefunktionalrechnungen an einem Modellsystem gaben Aufschluss über die Eigenschaften dieses für Platin(II) ungewöhnlichen Koordinationsmodus.magnified image
Complete Regio‐ and Stereoselectivity Control in the Halohydroxylation of Non‐activated Allenes Mediated by a Remote Sulfinyl Group
Authors: Ruano José Luis García , Marcos Vanesa , Alemán José 
Published: March 2009

AbstractKeine Hürde ist zu hoch: Die Regio‐ und Stereoselektivität der Halogenhydroxylierung nichtaktivierter Allene wird durch anchimere Unterstützung vonseiten einer entfernten Sulfinylgruppe gesteuert (siehe Schema). Die gebildeten Halogenhydrine sind hervorragende chirale Ausgangsverbindungen für die Herstellung enantiomerenreiner Propargylalkohole und Baylis‐Hillman‐Produkte.magnified image
Zur Funktion und Struktur synthetisch modifizierter Porine
Authors: Reitz Simon , Cebi Menekse , Reiß Philipp , Studnik Gregor , Linne Uwe , Koert Ulrich , Essen Lars‐Oliver 
Published: March 2009

AbstractDie Anknüpfung von Modulatoren an einen trimeren Porin‐Ionenkanal wurde untersucht (Bild: Trimer mit einem Kronenethermodulator (orange)). Entscheidend für die konformative Heterogenität des hybriden Kanals ist das Zusammenspiel von Modulator und Protein. Ein‐Punkt‐Anknüpfungen in großen Poren reichen wohl nicht für eine Änderung seiner elektrophysiologischen Eigenschaften aus – dies erfordert zusätzliche nichtkovalente Wechselwirkungen oder Zwei‐Punkt‐Anknüpfungen.magnified image
Gold‐Catalyzed Homogeneous Oxidative Cross‐Coupling Reactions
Authors: Zhang Guozhu , Peng Yu , Cui Li , Zhang Liming 
Published: March 2009

AbstractOxidation von Gold? Ein Gold(I)/Gold(III)‐Katalysezyklus liegt der ersten oxidativen Kreuzkupplung in der Goldkatalyse zugrunde. Unter Verwendung von Selectfluor zur Gold(I)‐Oxidation lassen sich damit Gold(I)/Gold(III)‐Katalysezyklen in die moderne Goldchemie einführen. Dies kann die Grundlage für ein neues Teilgebiet der Goldforschung werden, in dem die leistungsfähige Goldkatalyse mit oxidativen metallkatalysierten Kreuzkupplungen kombiniert wird.magnified image
Efficient Construction of α‐Spirocyclopropyl Lactones: Iridium–Salen‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Cyclopropanation
Authors: Ichinose Masami , Suematsu Hidehiro , Katsuki Tsutomu 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThree‐ and seven‐membered rings were constructed by the title reaction of terminal olefins with vinyldiazolactone as a carbene source, the seven‐membered rings upon subsequent hydrolysis and Cope rearrangement when 1,3‐dienes were used (see example). The α‐spirocyclopropyl lactones were formed with high E (trans) selectivity and high enantioselectivity, and cyclopropanation occurred at the terminal double bond in 1,3‐dienes with excellent regioselectivity.magnified image
Iron Polyoxometalate Single‐Molecule Magnets
Authors: Compain Jean‐Daniel , Mialane Pierre , Dolbecq Anne , Mbomekallé Israël Martyr , Marrot Jérôme , Sécheresse Francis , Rivière Eric , Rogez Guillaume , Wernsdorfer Wolfgang 
Published: March 2009

AbstractIron sandwich on a tungstate bun: Two new polyoxotungstates with paramagnetic iron(III) heteroatoms (see structure, W blue, Fe yellow, O red) possess S=15/2 and S=5 ground states. Both compounds are single‐molecule magnets, and the hexairon species shows large hysteresis (see picture) and quantum tunneling effects at low temperature. Electrochemical studies indicate that these species are stable in solution for a wide range of pH values.magnified image
Addition–Hydroamination Reactions of Propargyl Cyanamides: Rapid Access to Highly Substituted 2‐Aminoimidazoles
Authors: Giles Robert L. , Sullivan John D. , Steiner Andrew M. , Looper Ryan E. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractA valuable pharmacophore, the 2‐aminoimidazole moiety, can be accessed with a variety of substitution patterns through an addition–hydroamination–isomerization sequence (see scheme; R1,R4,R5=alkyl; R3=alkyl, aryl; R2=H, alkyl, aryl). The synthesis of the propargyl cyanamide precursors through a three‐component coupling enables the preparation of this important heterocyclic core structure in just three steps.magnified image
How Do Redox Groups Behave around a Rigid Molecular Platform? Hexa(ferrocenylethynyl)benzenes and Their “Electrostatic” Redox Chemistry
Authors: Diallo Abdou K. , Daran Jean‐Claude , Varret François , Ruiz Jaime , Astruc Didier 
Published: March 2009

AbstractA new family of hexakis(ferrocenylethynyl)benzenes was synthesized by Negishi coupling from ethynylferrocenes and C6Br6 and can be reversibly oxidized to stable hexaferrocenium salts (see picture, ArF=[3,5‐C6H3(CF3)2]). Their cyclic voltammograms show a single six‐electron wave, three distinct two‐electron waves, or a cascade of six single‐electron waves, depending on the electrolyte counterion and number of methyl substituents on the ferrocenyl groups.magnified image
The Striking Stabilization of Ni0(η6‐Arene) Complexes by an Ylide‐Like Silylene Ligand
Authors: Meltzer Antje , Präsang Carsten , Milsmann Carsten , Driess Matthias 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe right mix does the trick: Elusive {Ni0(η6‐arene)} moieties can be dramatically stabilized by the N‐heterocyclic silylene ligand 1, which has a zwitterionic mesomeric structure. The σ, π‐acid–base synergism between nickel and 1 explains the unexpectedly high stability of the new silylene complexes 2, which enables arene exchange studies at a Ni0 center. Addition of B(C6F5)3 to 2 affords the zwitterionic silylene complex 3 (see scheme, R=2,6‐iPr2C6H3).magnified image
Structure and Reactivity of a Unique Y‐Shaped Tricoordinate Bis(silyl)platinum(II)–NHC Complex
Authors: Berthon‐Gelloz Guillaume , de Bruin Bas , Tinant Bernard , Markó István E. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractY not? A unique, three‐coordinate Y‐shaped bis(silyl)platinum(II) complex was isolated and characterized (see structure; C light gray, N blue, Si pink, Pt dark gray). DFT studies on a model system shed light on the nature of this unusual coordination mode for platinum(II).magnified image
Complete Regio‐ and Stereoselectivity Control in the Halohydroxylation of Non‐activated Allenes Mediated by a Remote Sulfinyl Group
Authors: Ruano José Luis García , Marcos Vanesa , Alemán José 
Published: March 2009

AbstractNo hurdle is too high: The regioselectivity and stereoselectivity of the halohydroxylation of non‐activated allenes are controlled by a remote sulfinyl group through anchimeric assistance (see scheme). The resulting halohydrines are excellent chiral targets for the preparation of optically pure propargylic alcohols and Baylis–Hillman‐type products.magnified image
One‐Pot Formation of Large Macrocycles with Modifiable Peripheries and Internal Cavities
Authors: Ferguson Joseph S. , Yamato Kazuhiro , Liu Rui , He Lan , Zeng Xiao Cheng , Gong Bing 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe shape of things to come: Aromatic oligohydrazide macrocycles with planar backbones enforced by three‐center hydrogen bonds are formed in high yield from monomeric diacid chlorides and dihydrazides. Macrocycles consisting of six meta‐linked pyridine and benzene residues have an internal cavity of about 10 Å diameter, while those with alternating meta‐ and para‐linked benzene residues are larger and contain multiple convergent sites (see picture).magnified image
Gold‐Catalyzed Homogeneous Oxidative Cross‐Coupling Reactions
Authors: Zhang Guozhu , Peng Yu , Cui Li , Zhang Liming 
Published: March 2009

AbstractOxidizing gold? A gold(I)/gold(III) catalytic cycle is essential for the first oxidative cross‐coupling reaction in gold catalysis. By using Selectfluor for gold(I) oxidation, this chemistry reveals the synthetic potential of incorporating gold(I)/gold(III) catalytic cycles into contemporary gold chemistry and promises a new area of gold research by merging powerful gold catalysis and oxidative metal‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reactions.magnified image
Simulation and analysis of flow through microchannel
Authors: Kundu Madhusree , Vamsee Krishna , Maiti Dilip 
Published: March 2009

AbstractOne‐dimensional and two‐dimensional models for microchannel flow with noncontinuum (slip flow) boundary conditions have been presented here. This study presents an efficient numerical procedure using pressure‐correction‐based iterative SIMPLE algorithm with QUICK scheme in convective terms to simulate a steady incompressible two‐dimensional flow through a microchannel. In the present work, the slip flow of liquid through a microchannel has been modeled using a slip length assumption instead of using conventional Maxwell's slip flow model, which essentially utilizes the molecular mean free path concept. The models developed, following this approach, lend an insight into the physics of liquid flow through microchannels. Copyright © 2009 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Conductive polymer tape containing highly oriented carbon nanofillers
Authors: Deng H. , Zhang R. , Bilotti E. , Loos J. , Peijs T. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe effect of the orientation of carbon fillers with different aspect ratios on the resistivity and morphology of conductive polymer composites (CPCs) based on polypropylene was investigated in this study. Multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) and carbon black (CB) were used as conductive fillers. The CPCs were made by melt compounding, hot pressing, and solid‐state drawing. The alignment of the filler was observed after solid‐state drawing. The resistivity of the composites increased with the draw ratio at relatively low carbon filler loadings (<20 wt %), whereas it remained unchanged at a high filler loading (20 wt % CB). Orientation‐promoted anisotropy of the conductive network was observed in both the morphology and resistivity. MWNTs were found to be better at maintaining a percolating network under large deformations than CB because of their larger aspect ratio and their entangled network structure. The experimentally obtained resistivity was analyzed with percolation theory, and this indicated that the initial three‐dimensional conductive network was deformed into a two‐dimensional network after solid‐state drawing for the composites containing CB. The three‐dimensional network was found in isotropic CPCs containing MWNTs with the same analysis. Theoretical analysis using excluded volume theory was in good agreement with results obtained experimentally. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Study of the Variability in Upper and Lower Airway Morphology in Sprague–Dawley Rats Using Modern Micro‐CT Scan‐Based Segmentation Techniques
Authors: De Backer Jan W. , Vos Wim G. , Burnell Patricia , Verhulst Stijn L. , Salmon Phil , De Clerck Nora , De Backer Wilfried 
Published: March 2009

AbstractAnimal models are being used extensively in pre‐clinical and safety assessment studies to assess the effectiveness and safety of new chemical entities and delivery systems. Although never entirely replacing the need for animal testing, the use of computer simulations could eventually reduce the amount of animals needed for research purposes and refine the data acquired from the animal studies. Computational fluid dynamics is a powerful tool that makes it possible to simulate flow and particle behavior in animal or patient‐specific respiratory models, for purposes of inhaled delivery. This tool requires an accurate representation of the respiratory system, respiration and dose delivery attributes. The aim of this study is to develop a representative airway model of the Sprague–Dawley rat using static and dynamic micro‐CT scans. The entire respiratory tract was modeled, from the snout and nares down to the central airways at the point where no distinction could be made between intraluminal air and the surrounding tissue. For the selection of the representative model, variables such as upper airway movement, segmentation length, airway volume and size are taken into account. Dynamic scans of the nostril region were used to illustrate the characteristic morphology of this region in anaesthetized animals. It could be concluded from this study that it was possible to construct a highly detailed representative model of a Sprague–Dawley rat based on imaging modalities such as micro‐CT scans. Anat Rec, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dependence of Aortic Arch Morphogenesis on Intracardiac Blood Flow in the Left Atrial Ligated Chick Embryo
Authors: Hu Norman , Christensen Douglas A. , Agrawal Amit K. , Beaumont Charity , Clark Edward B. , Hawkins John A. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractPartial left atrial ligation before cardiac septation redistributes intracardiac blood flow and produces left ventricular hypoplasia in the chick. We hypothesized that redistributed intracardiac blood flow adversely alters aortic arch development. We ligated the left atrial appendage with a 10‐0 nylon suture at stage 21 chick embryos, then reincubated up to stage 34. Sham embryos had a suture tied adjacent to the atrial wall, and normal controls were unoperated. We measured simultaneous atrioventricular (AV) and dorsal aortic (DAo) blood velocities from stage 24 embryos with an ultrasound pulsed‐Doppler flow meter; and the left and right third and fourth aortic arch blood flow with a laser‐Doppler flow meter. Ventricular and atrial cross‐sectional areas were measured from sequential video fields for planimetry. Intracardiac flow patterns were imaged on video by injecting India ink into the vitelline vein. In separate embryos, radiopaque microfil was injected into the cardiovascular system for μ‐CT scanning. We analyzed the morphologic characteristics of the heart at stage 34. Active AV and DAo stroke volume (mm3), right third and fourth aortic arch blood flow (mm3/s) were all decreased in ligated embryos (P < 0.05) when compared with normal and sham embryos. Ventricular end‐diastolic volume versus normal and sham embryos decreased by 45% and 46%, respectively (P < 0.05). India ink injection revealed altered right aortic arch flow patterns in the ligated embryos compared with normal embryos. μ‐CT imaging confirmed altered arch morphogenesis. Alterations in intracardiac blood flow disrupt both early cardiac morphogenesis and aortic arch selection. Anat Rec, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evaluation of n‐gram conflation approaches for Arabic text retrieval
Authors: Ahmed Farag , Nürnberger Andreas 
Published: March 2009

AbstractIn this paper we present a language‐independent approach for conflation that does not depend on predefined rules or prior knowledge of the target language. The proposed unsupervised method is based on an enhancement of the pure n‐gram model that can group related words based on various string‐similarity measures, while restricting the search to specific locations of the target word by taking into account the order of n‐grams. We show that the method is effective to achieve high score similarities for all word‐form variations and reduces the ambiguity, i.e., obtains a higher precision and recall, compared to pure n‐gram‐based approaches for English, Portuguese, and Arabic. The proposed method is especially suited for conflation approaches in Arabic, since Arabic is a highly inflectional language. Therefore, we present in addition an adaptive user interface for Arabic text retrieval called “araSearch”. araSearch serves as a metasearch interface to existing search engines. The system is able to extend a query using the proposed conflation approach such that additional results for relevant subwords can be found automatically.
Fabrication and Application of TiO2‐Based Superhydrophilic–Superhydrophobic Patterns on Titanium Substrates for Offset Printing
Authors: Nakata Kazuya , Nishimoto Shunsuke , Kubo Atsushi , Tryk Donald , Ochiai Tsuyoshi , Murakami Taketoshi , Fujishima Akira 
Published: March 2009

AbstractLight print: TiO2‐based superhydrophilic–superhydrophobic patterns were fabricated on titanium substrates. The fabricated substrate functions as an offset printing plate and is renewable through initialization by UV irradiation and resurfacing. This new method offers a new, resource‐saving, environmentally friendly printing method. SAM=self‐assembled monolayer.magnified imageA fabrication process for superhydrophilic–superhydrophilic patterns on titanium substrates prepared through a combination of an ink‐jet technique and site‐selective decomposition of a self‐assembled monolayer (SAM) by a TiO2 photocatalyst under UV irradiation is described. We demonstrate that the prepared titanium substrate is applicable as an offset printing plate with high resolution (133 and 150 lines per inch). Furthermore, the superhydrophilic–superhydrophobic patterns on the substrate can be deposited repeatedly after elimination of the patterns by photocatalytic decomposition of TiO2 under UV irradiation. A second printed image with the renewed substrate showed no significant difference in image quality compared with the initial image.
Querschnittsberechnung von Stahlbetonstäben – Stand der Forschung
Authors: Löhning Thomas , Schenk Jochen , Starossek Uwe 
Published: March 2009

AbstractViele der im Bauwesen üblichen Tragwerkssysteme besitzen einen stabförmigen Charakter. Für diese Tragwerke findet die Stabtheorie Anwendung, bei der das stoffliche Verhalten auf Querschnittsebene erfasst wird. Bei Stahlbetontragwerken ist dabei i. A. eine stoffliche Nichtlinearität zu berücksichtigen. Der vorliegende Beitrag gibt eine Übersicht über den Stand der Forschung zur Querschnittsberechnung von Stahlbetonstäben. Eine Querschnittsberechnung bestimmt die Beziehung zwischen den Schnittgrößen und den Verzerrungsgrößen. Es existiert eine Vielzahl unterschiedlicher Modelle, für die hier eine Klassifizierung vorgeschlagen wird. Bestehende Modelle können in Integrale Modelle, Fachwerkmodelle, Einaxiale Modelle, Scheibenmodelle sowie Finite Elemente Modelle eingeteilt werden. Für jede Klasse werden die Charakteristiken erläutert und die wichtigsten Modelle dargestellt.
Tragfähigkeit von Einzelstützen nach Eurocode 2 mit besonderem Bezug auf das Verfahren mit Nennsteifigkeiten
Authors: Kofler Michaela , Andreatta Andreas 
Published: March 2009

AbstractIm Zuge der europäischen Harmonisierung der technischen Normen werden die Festlegungen für Konstruktion und Ausführung von Stahlbetontragwerken in Eurocode 2 geregelt. Die Berechnung von Bauteilen, die vorwiegend auf Normalkraft beansprucht werden, können sowohl mit Hilfe von Näherungsverfahren als auch im Rahmen einer nichtlinearen Schnittgrößenermittlung durchgeführt werden. Anhand einer Parameterstudie an Einzelstützen, bei der die Materialgüte, die Schlankheit und die Ausmittigkeit der Normalkraftbeanspruchung variiert werden, werden die Rechenverfahren gegenübergestellt.