bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the resilience of nitrogen assimilation by intact roots under starvation, as revealed by isotopic and metabolomic techniques
Authors: Bathellier Camille , Tcherkez Guillaume , Mauve Caroline , Bligny Richard , Gout Elizabeth , Ghashghaie Jaleh 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe response of root metabolism to variations in carbon source availability is critical for whole‐plant nitrogen (N) assimilation and growth. However, the effect of changes in the carbohydrate input to intact roots is currently not well understood and, for example, both smaller and larger values of root:shoot ratios or root N uptake have been observed so far under elevated CO2. In addition, previous studies on sugar starvation mainly focused on senescent or excised organs while an increasing body of data suggests that intact roots may behave differently with, for example, little protein remobilization. Here, we investigated the carbon and nitrogen primary metabolism in intact roots of French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants maintained under continuous darkness for 4 days. We combined natural isotopic 15N/14N measurements, metabolomic and 13C‐labeling data and show that intact roots continued nitrate assimilation to glutamate for at least 3 days while the respiration rate decreased. The activity of the tricarboxylic acid cycle diminished so that glutamate synthesis was sustained by the anaplerotic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase fixation. Presumably, the pentose phosphate pathway contributed to provide reducing power for nitrate reduction. All the biosynthetic metabolic fluxes were nevertheless down‐regulated and, consequently, the concentration of all amino acids decreased. This is the case of asparagine, strongly suggesting that, as opposed to excised root tips, protein remobilization in intact roots remained very low for 3 days in spite of the restriction of respiratory substrates. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Simultaneous analysis of 13C‐glutathione as its dimeric form GSSG and its precursor [1‐13C]glycine using liquid chromatography/isotope ratio mass spectrometry
Authors: Schierbeek Henk , Rook Denise , te Braake Frans W. J. , Dorst Kristien Y. , Voortman Gardi , Godin Jean‐Philippe , Fay Laurent‐Bernard , van Goudoever Johannes B. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractDetermination of glutathione kinetics using stable isotopes requires accurate measurement of the tracers and tracees. Previously, the precursor and synthesized product were measured with two separate techniques, liquid chromatography/isotope ratio mass spectrometry (LC/IRMS) and gas chromatography/combustion/isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC/C/IRMS). In order to reduce sample volume and minimize analytical effort we developed a method to simultaneously determine 13C‐glutathione as its dimeric form (GSSG) and its precursor [1‐13C]glycine in a small volume of erythrocytes in one single analysis. After having transformed 13C‐glutathione into its dimeric form GSSG, we determined both the intra‐erythrocytic concentrations and the 13C‐isotopic enrichment of GSSG and glycine in 150 µL of whole blood using liquid chromatography coupled to LC/IRMS. The results show that the concentration (range of µmol/mL) was reliably measured using cycloleucine as internal standard, i.e. with a precision better than 0.1 µmol/mL. The 13C‐isotopic enrichment of GSSG and glycine measured in the same run gave reliable values with excellent precision (standard deviation (sd) <0.3‰) and accuracy (measured between 0 and 5 APE). This novel method opens up a variety of kinetic studies with relatively low dose administration of tracers, reducing the total cost of the study design. In addition, only a minimal sample volume is required, enabling studies even in very small subjects, such as preterm infants. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids from Crinum by high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Zhang Xi , Huang Hao , Liang Xu , Huang Haiqiang , Dai WeiXing , Shen YunHeng , Yan ShiKai , Zhang WeiDong 
Published: August 2009

AbstractA high‐performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization multi‐stage tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/ESI‐MSn) method was developed to analyze two structurally related groups of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids (AmAs), crinane‐ and tazettine‐type alkaloids, in the species Crinum latifolium and C. asiaticum, as well as different organs of C. latifolium. In ESI‐MSn spectra of the two types of alkaloids, characteristic fragmentation reactions were observed that allowed us to determine and differentiate them. Based on the fragmentation rules of reference standards, crinane‐type alkaloids displayed concurrent neutral loss of C2H5N (43 u) and C2H6N (44 u) as well as characteristic ions of m/z 213 and 211, whereas tazettine‐type alkaloids exhibited neutral loss of C3H7N (57 u) [or C2H5N (43 u), C3H7NO (73 u)] from the [M+H]+ and [M+H–H2O]+ ions. These were supported by quadrupole time‐of‐flight (Q‐Tof)‐MS/MS analysis. The chemical complexity of the mixture was resolved by profiling. The compositions of the main crinane‐ and tazettine‐type alkaloids in the above‐mentioned species and organs were also compared. Overall, 28 AmAs comprising 14 crinane‐type and 14 tazettine‐type alkaloids were identified and studied by MS. Among them, 14 AmAs were tentatively characterized from the two species for the first time. This method allowed a rapid analysis of alkaloid distribution and composition of Crinum species, and may also be used for quality control and screening of extracts designated for pharmaceutical application. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A novel dual‐mode predictive control strategy for constrained Wiener systems
Authors: Zhang Hai‐Tao , Chen Guanrong , Chen Michael Z. Q. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractIn process industry, there exist many Wiener systems with input magnitude constraints for which, however, most of the existing control algorithms cannot guarantee to have sufficiently large regions of asymptotic stability. In this paper, the subspace method is applied to separate the nonlinear and linear blocks in a constrained multi‐input/multi‐output (MIMO) Wiener system and a novel dual‐mode nonlinear model predictive control algorithm is developed to maximize the region of the asymptotic stability. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the virtues of this new control algorithm. The limitation is the requirement that the state and input matrices of the Wiener system's linear block should be accurately identified. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Intracellular Polysilicon Barcodes for Cell Tracking
Authors: Fernandez‐Rosas Elisabet , Gómez Rodrigo , Ibañez Elena , Barrios Leonardo , Duch Marta , Esteve Jaume , Nogués Carme , Plaza José Antonio 
Published: August 2009

AbstractDuring the past decade, diverse types of barcode have been designed in order to track living cells in vivo or in vitro, but none of them offer the possibility to follow an individual cell up to ten or more days. Using silicon microtechnologies a barcode sufficiently small to be introduced into a cell, yet visible and readily identifiable under an optical microscope, is designed. Cultured human macrophages are able to engulf the barcodes due to their phagocytic ability and their viability is not affected. The utility of the barcodes for cell tracking is demonstrated by following individual cells for up to ten days in culture and recording their locomotion. Interestingly, silicon microtechnology allows the mass production of reproducible codes at low cost with small features (bits) in the micrometer range that are additionally biocompatible.
Hybride Strukturen frei geformt – Das Haus für Musik und Musiktheater in Graz
Authors: Schmid Volker , Mandl Peter , Winter Paul 
Published: August 2009

AbstractIm März 2009 wurde das Haus für Musik und Musiktheater – kurz MUMUTH – der Musikhochschule in Graz eröffnet. Der architektonische und tragwerkstechnische Höhepunkt des Gebäudes ist der dreistöckige Foyerbereich, der von einem freigeformten “Twist” getragen wird. Im Tragwerk des Twists werden gebogene Stahlrohre im Verbund mit frei geformtem Stahlbeton eingesetzt und mit zusätzlichen Füllkörpern aus Schaumstoff zu einer hybriden Tragstruktur kombiniert. Der folgende Beitrag beschreibt den Entwurfsprozess, die Formfindung des Twists im Dialog von Architekt und Tragwerksplaner, die Besonderheiten der Tragwerksplanung und die Herstellung dieser frei geformten Tragstruktur.Free formed hybrid structures – House of music and music theatre in Graz, Austria.In March 2009 the house for music and music theatre – short MUMUTH – in Graz opened for the public. The architectural and engineering highlight of the three storey building is the foyer area, which is supported by a free formed and load bearing structure called the “Twist”. The structural system of the Twist consists of bended steel tubes working compositely together with free formed concrete slabs and additional plastic foam elements to reduce its weight. The paper describes the design process, the form finding of the Twist and the challenges for the structural design and the execution of the structure.
Membranversteifte Bogentragwerke
Authors: Alpermann Holger , Gengnagel Christoph 
Published: August 2009

AbstractDer Einsatz von flächigen Zugversteifungen wie Membrane ist ein neues Konzept zur Stabilisierung von Bogentragwerken. Die Effizienz dieses Ansatzes konnte in Tests an einem ersten Prototyp gezeigt werden. In einer Studie wurden die wesentlichen Einflussgrößen und ihre Auswirkungen untersucht. Es zeigte sich, dass die Entwurfsparameter das Tragverhalten entscheidend beeinflussen. Bei einer sinnvollen Parameterwahl lassen sich Bogentragwerke durch Membrane sehr effizient stabilisieren.Membrane restrained arches.The application of plane restraining systems such as membranes is a new approach for stabilizing arches. The effectiveness of that concept was proven in tests on a first prototype. A study analyses the essential parameters and their implication. Parameter choice has a crucial effect on the structural behaviour. If the parameters are chosen reasonably, membranes can stabilize arches very efficiently.
Die Lamellendächer von Hugo Junkers
Authors: Weller Bernhard , Tasche Martin , Baatz Julia 
Published: August 2009

AbstractHugo Junkers (1859–1935) ließ sich 1924 und 1925 ein stählernes Lamellendach patentieren. Wegen seines hohen Vorfertigungsgrades, der einfachen Montage und großen Robustheit konnte es sich schnell weltweit verbreiten. Bis zu 40 m weit spannende Hallen und Hangars wurden nach dem Junkers 'schen System gebaut. Da jedoch viele Hallen im zweiten Weltkrieg zerstört und nach dem Krieg nicht mehr gebaut wurden, geriet diese Bauart zunehmend in Vergessenheit. Der Aufsatz stellt Konstruktion, Statik, Vor‐ und Nachteile sowie noch existierende Objekte in Deutschland vor.Steel Lamella Roofs by Hugo Junkers.1924 and 1925, Hugo Junkers (1859–1935) patented a steel lamella roof construction. Because of its simplicity and markable rigidity it was soon used for many large roofs worldwide, which could span up to 40 m. It combines prefabrication, light weight, easy erection and durability in a striking manner. Unfortunately, due to the World War II and its consequences only few of these roof structures still exist.
Die Bedeutung einer qualifizierten Bauwerksprüfung
Authors: Sedlacek Gerhard , Paschen Michael 
Published: August 2009

AbstractDie Bauwerksprüfung ist integraler Bestandteil der Sicherheitsplanung für ein Bauwerk. Mit der Vorabplanung einer erfolgreichen Bauwerksprüfung können die Herstellkosten eines Bauwerks reduziert, die Erhaltungskosten erheblich gesenkt und die Lebensdauer vergrößert werden. Die Bauwerksprüfung führt also nicht nur zu größerer Sicherheit und Dauerhaftigkeit, sondern sie rechnet sich auch wirtschaftlich. Am Beispiel des Brückenbaus wird eine erfolgreiche Bauwerksprüfung gezeigt und auf eine weitere Verbesserung ihrer Möglichkeiten durch geeignete Planung hingewiesen.Significance of a qualified control of structures of buildings and civil engineering works.The control of structures is part of the safety plan for buildings and civil engineering works. The a priori design for an efficient control can reduce the cost for construction and for maintenance and hence increase the service life. The control of structures therefore is not only a means to enhance the structural reliability and durability but also turns out to be profitable. An efficient way of control of structures is demonstrated for the example of bridges; further steps to improve the efficiency are recommended.
Role of prenatal ultrasound in predicting survival and mental and motor functioning in children with spina bifida
Authors: van der Vossen S. , Pistorius L. R. , Mulder E. J. H. , Platenkamp M. , Stoutenbeek P. , Visser G. H. A. , Gooskens R. H. J. M. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractObjectiveTo determine which prenatal ultrasound findings can predict survival and mental and motor functioning in children with spina bifida.MethodsPrenatal ultrasound examinations of all liveborn children who were prenatally diagnosed with spina bifida between 1997 and 2002 at the University Medical Centre, Utrecht (n = 41) were retrospectively reviewed for lesion level, head circumference, ventriculomegaly, scoliosis and talipes. These measures were correlated with postnatal anatomical (as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)) and functional lesion levels, survival and motor and mental outcome at 5 years of age. The capacity of prenatal ultrasonography to determine lesion level was also assessed in all fetuses diagnosed with spina bifida from 2006–2007 (n = 18).ResultsNineteen infants died before the age of 5 years. Multivariate regression analysis showed that higher lesion level and head circumference ≥ the 90th percentile on prenatal ultrasound examination were independent predictors of demise (P < 0.05 and P = 0.01, respectively). None of the ultrasound features was a predictor of motor or mental functioning. Ultrasound predicted anatomical lesion level within one level of the postnatal findings in 50% of the first cohort and 89% of the second cohort (P < 0.01). The level of the anatomical lesion as assessed by postnatal MRI differed from the functional lesion by as many as six vertebral levels.ConclusionsLesion level and head circumference on prenatal ultrasound are predictive of survival in children with spina bifida. No predictors were found for mental or motor function at the age of 5 years. Copyright © 2009 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Place‐based social network quality and correlates of substance use among urban adolescents
Authors: Mason Michael J. , Valente Thomas W. , Coatsworth J. Douglas , Mennis Jeremy , Lawrence Frank , Zelenak Patricia 
Published: August 2009

ABSTRACTA sample of 301 Philadelphia adolescents were assessed for substance use and place‐based social network quality, a weighted variable based upon risky and protective behaviors of alters. The network measure was anchored in routine locations identified as safe, risky, important, or favorite. Results show young females' (13–16) substance use was strongly associated with their place‐based social networks compared to older females (17–20) and compared to young and older males. Younger females' protective networks reduced their likelihood of substance use compared to females with risky networks (OR = .94, CI = .89–.99,p< .05), while young males experienced no protective network effects. Older females' protective networks reduced the likelihood of substance use compared to those with risky networks (OR = .96, CI = .93–.99,p< .005). Older males' protective networks also reduced their likelihood of substance use (OR = .86, CI = .74–.99,p< .05). Results highlight the varying affects of place, gender, and age on adolescent social network protection and associated risk for substance use.
Comparison of pregnancy outcomes in women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy using 24‐hour urinary protein and urinary microalbumin to creatinine ratio
Authors: Gangaram Rajesh , Naicker Manogaran , Moodley Jagidesa 
Published: August 2009

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the role of proteinuria estimated using the 24‐hour urinary protein test and the spot urinary microalbumin to creatinine ratio on the outcomes of pregnancy in women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.MethodsA total of 163 hypertensive women were recruited. Maternal and perinatal outcomes in women with and without significant proteinuria were compared using the diagnostic accuracy of the two tests.ResultsWomen with significant proteinuria determined using the 24‐hour urinary protein test delivered at an earlier gestational age, had higher rates of induced labor, and lower birth weights compared with women who had gestational hypertension. No significant differences in outcomes were noted using the diagnostic accuracy of the spot urinary microalbumin to creatinine ratio dipstick.ConclusionThe spot urinary microalbumin to creatinine ratio dipstick is a good screening test to rule out clinically significant proteinuria.
Assessment of bone mineral density should be considered earlier in perimenopausal women with vasomotor symptoms
Authors: Tural Alper , Yoldemir Tevfik , Erenus Mithat 
Published: August 2009

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between vasomotor symptoms (hot flashes) and osteopenia or osteoporosis in perimenopausal women.MethodIn this cross‐sectional study 79 perimenopausal women aged between 45 and 55 years and seen at the Gynecology or Menopause Outpatient Clinic of Marmara University School of Medicine were allotted to one of 2 groups according to the presence or absence of hot flashes. The groups were then compared for bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar vertebrae, as measured by dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry.ResultsThe mean BMD measurement for vertebrae L2 to L4 was 0.32 ± 0.19 for the group with no hot flashes and − 0.53 ± 0.21 for the group with hot flashes (P = 0.007). In the former, 6.1% of the women and in the latter, 32.6% of the women had a BMD value less than a 1.5 standard deviation from the mean (P = 0.005).ConclusionWomen with vasomotor symptoms are more prone to have osteopenia or osteoporosis.
GROWTH ESTIMATES FOR WARPING FUNCTIONS AND THEIR GEOMETRIC APPLICATIONS
Authors: CHEN BANG-YEN , WEI SHIHSHU WALTER 
Published: August 2009

AbstractBy applying Wei, Li and Wu's notion (given in ‘Generalizations of the uniformization theorem and Bochner's method in p-harmonic geometry’, Comm. Math. Anal. Conf., vol. 01, 2008, pp. 46–68) and method (given in ‘Sharp estimates on -harmonic functions with applications in biharmonic maps, preprint) and by modifying the proof of a general inequality given by Chen in ‘On isometric minimal immersion from warped products into space forms’ (Proc. Edinb. Math. Soc., vol. 45, 2002, pp. 579–587), we establish some simple relations between geometric estimates (the mean curvature of an isometric immersion of a warped product and sectional curvatures of an ambient m-manifold $\tilde M^m_c$ bounded from above by a non-positive number c) and analytic estimates (the growth of the warping function). We find a dichotomy between constancy and ‘infinity’ of the warping functions on complete non-compact Riemannian manifolds for an appropriate isometric immersion. Several applications of our growth estimates are also presented. In particular, we prove that if f is an Lq function on a complete non-compact Riemannian manifold N1 for some q > 1, then for any Riemannian manifold N2 the warped product N1 ×fN2 does not admit a minimal immersion into any non-positively curved Riemannian manifold. We also show that both the geometric curvature estimates and the analytic function growth estimates in this paper are sharp.
Karyotypic analysis of the hermaphroditic viviparous polychaete, Hediste limnicola (Polychaeta: Nereididae): possibility of sex chromosome degeneration
Authors: Tosuji Hiroaki , Togami Kotaro , Miyamoto Junko 
Published: August 2009

Karyotypes of the hermaphroditic polychaete Hediste limnicola were examined using an air-drying method and genetic material prepared from regenerating tail and newborn juveniles. Materials were obtained from a lineage of cultured worms originating from Watsonville Slough (California, USA) and maintained for six years in the laboratory. Giemsa-stained preparations were analysed by a computer-assisted image-analysing system for the identification of each chromosome pair. A diploid chromosome number of 26 was obtained from well-spread metaphase chromosomes of mitotic cells, consisting of metacentric (N = 11), submetacentric (N = 1) and telocentric (N = 1) chromosomes. It is possible that hermaphroditism in this species evolved through loss of a pair of sex chromosomes, which are present in closely related congeneric species.
Spatial variability of planktonic invertebrate larvae in the Canary Islands area
Authors: Landeira J.M. , Lozano-Soldevilla F. , Hernández-León S. , Barton E.D. 
Published: August 2009

In October 1991, invertebrate larvae abundances were analysed to study the influence of the disturbance of the Canary Current flow by the Canary Islands archipelago on the variability of larval distribution. Two transects and two time-series stations located to the north (non-perturbed zone) and the south (perturbed zone) of the Canary Islands were sampled. Oceanographical data showed a highly stratified water column and zonally uniform salinity and temperature seaward of the African upwelling in the non-perturbed zone, while the perturbed zone presented strong turbulence in the form of mesoscale eddies. Invertebrate larval abundances were lower for most taxa studied in the non-perturbed zone and northern time-series station. Significant differences (P < 0.001) of invertebrate larval abundance between the two zones sampled were found. Decapod larvae were the most abundant larval group in both zones. Stations located in eddy structures presented the highest values of larval densities. Specifically, the larvae collected at Station 18, located in the core of an anticyclonic eddy, represented 60±18% of total larvae collected in the south transect. Finally, our results suggest that eddies, mainly anticyclonic eddies, act as a strong larval retention zone south of the islands, and that there is a local northward transport from the Canary Islands.
The role of birds in dissemination ofFrancisella tularensis: first direct molecular evidence for bird-to-human transmission
Authors: PADESHKI P. I. , IVANOV I. N. , POPOV B. , KANTARDJIEV T. V. 
Published: August 2009

SUMMARYDuring a recent large tularemia outbreak in Bulgaria we found several cases that were remote from the main focus. One case had an unusual mode of transmission. A hunter acquired tularemia through a nail scratch from a buzzard (Buteo buteo) and consequently developed a typical ulceroglandular form of the disease. The diagnosis was confirmed by serological methods and successful cultivation. Comparative strain typing was performed by high-resolution multi-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA). The isolated strain was identical to one of the outbreak genotypes. We consider that this case represents a bird-to-human transmission ofF. tularensis.