bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Studies on Trapping, Nesting, and Rearing of some Magachile Species (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae) and on their Parasites in Denmark
Authors: Nørgaard Holm SV , Skou J.P. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractPopulations of three indigenous species of leaf-cutting bees, Megachile centuncularis, M. leachella, and M. willughbiella, were compared to one of the alien bee, M. pacifica. In contrast to M. leachella and M. pacifica the two other species had so unfavourable a sex ratio that it proved prohibitive to propagation, while the rate of emergence showed the indigenous bees better adapted to our natural conditions than is M. pacifica. Parasitic wasps and bees were important enemies of the bees. Melittobia acasta occurred in all species reared in the greenhouse, Monodontomerus obscurus was present in the colony of Megachile willughbiella gathered in nature, and Pteromalus venustus seriously diminished the population of M. willughbiella when this bee was moved to a new nesting site. Coelioxys mandibularis is very common in naure, but was only observed once in connection with the studies presented. Several species of fungi were associated with the indigenous bees, while the alien M. pacifica was practically free of fungi. In M. centuncularis Ascosphaera proliperda and A. major caused chalkbrood-like diseases, though the latter seems merely a facultative parasite. A hitherto undescribed species of Microascus was associated to and probably pathogenic in M. willughbiella. The mucous ascopores of the fungi stick to the fur of the bees as they pass through one cell after the other when emerging. That is one way of transfer from one generation to the next.
Production of Larvae of Phyllobius piri L. (Col. Curculionidae) in an Abandoned Field
Authors: Larsson S. , Persson T. , Lohm U. , Axelsson B. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe abundance of the larvae of Phyllobius piri L. and P. viridicollis F. (Col. Curculionidae) was investigated in an abandoned field in central Sweden. On the basis of the individual growth curve and the life table of the larvae the production of P. piri was calculated to be 4.6 ± I.9 g dw per m2 or 25 ± II kcal per m2 (mean ± 95 per cent c.i.). The population of the hibernating pupae of P. piri was about 500 per m2 during three successive years. During the same period the abundance of hibernating larvae of P. viridicollis was I00-250 per m2. Notes are given on the life history of the two species. The larvae are described by B. Lekander in an appendix.
Changes in Dry-Weight and Water Content in the Hibernating Larva of Pseudohermenias clausthaliana (Sax.) in Denmark (Lep. Tortricidae)
Authors: Münster-Swendsen Mikael 
Published: July 2010

AbstractPseudohermenias clausthaliana overwinters in the 3rd or 4th larval instar in a hollowed needle of Norway Spruce, roughly from October ist till April Ist. Within the geographical distribution of the species the larva is exposed to temperatures as low as - 30° C during this period. After emptying of the gut in September, the length of the larva is 5.3 mm ± 0.2, but hereafter it starts diminishing until the length is just 3.2 mm ± 0.2. During the first part of hibernation total weight decreases from 0.89 mg ± 0.06 to 0.68 mg ± 0.08; this drop is due to a loss of 29.5 % of the original water content. Dry-weight increases by as much as about 27.7 %, probably due to binding of about 7 % of the original "free" water content. Dry-weight, expressed as a percentage of the total weight, is I9.6 % ± 2.8 in the autumn and 33.3 % ± 2.5 in the winter. It has been suggested that the increase in dry-weight is caused by hydrolysis of certain organic compounds. Larvae exposed to I00 % R.H. and I8° C for 8 days without food at the beginning of March did not regain the original water content, while active larvae, feeding in the field in April, had regained the original high water content. Larvae at 85 % R.H. and I8° C for 8 days in March lost a little water but survived well, and they probably achieved an equilibrium with the surrounding air. Thus the critical equilibrium humidity seems to be less than 85 % R.H.
Evidence for a Sex Attractant in Agriotes lineatus (L.) (Col. Elateridae) Demonstrated by Field Experiments
Authors: Borg Åke 
Published: July 2010

AbstractElaterids of the species Agriotes lineatus (L.), which were collected in heap-traps (at Stenum, Skara, West Sweden) during the period May 9-24, I972, were sorted according to sex. The abdomens of the males and females respectively were crushed in 95 % ethyl alcohol for the extraction of possible pheromones. The unfiltered fluid was tested in pitfall traps placed in a field of oats. During the period May II - July 3, I70 A. lineartus were obtained of which I62 were males. The majority of these were caught in the traps baited with female extract. The male extract caused no response. The female extract must therefore have contained a sex pheromone which attracted males of the same species.
Diurnal and Inter-Colony Variation in Pollen Collection from Different Seed Crops by Honeybees (Apis melifera L.)
Authors: Poulsen Morten Helt 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA total of 2207 pollen collectors were trapped from five honeybee colonies at different times of day and grouped according to the pollen sources: red clover, white clover, field beans, crucifers, other species. Significant diurnal variation in amount of pollen collected from the different sources was found and the percentage of pollen collected from red clover, white clover and field beans respectively varied significantly between the five colonies.
A New Species of Erioptera from Sweden (Dipt. Tipulidae)
Authors: Tjeder BO 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIn a collection of Swedish insects of various orders, donated to the Zoological Institute, Lund, by Mr. Tord Tjeder, Rättvik, the author has found a new species of the tribe Eriopterini, which species is described below and compared with the closely similar Erioptera sordida Zetterstedt. Figures of the genital structures of the males of both these species are given.
Biology and Immature Stages of Coremacera marginata F. a Predator of Terrestrial Snails (Dipt. Sciomyzidae)
Authors: Knutson L.V. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractCoremacera marginata (Fabricius) (Dipt. Sciomyzidae) is found in woods, fields, and other terrestrial situations in much of the western Palearctic region. During laboratory rearings through the complete life cycle, each larva killed and ate I-3 immature to adult snails belonging to several terrestrial genera. The immature stages of C. marginata are described and figured, and the distribution is mapped. The taxonomic position of Coremacera is discussed, and a catalog of the genus and new distributional records of 4 rare species of Coremacera are included. A summary chart of the food of sciomyzid larvae is presented.
Habitat Selection by Spiders on Coastal Sand Dunes in Scania, Sweden
Authors: Almquist Sven 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis paper deals with the habitat selection of I5 species of spiders on coastal sand dunes studied by the analysis of their spatial distribution of individuals correlated to some intrinsic factors and to environmental conditions. The data are based on a total of 82I samples of I m2 each collected in the course of I7 months at Sandhammaren, SE SkÅne, Sweden. The complicated interplay between the climatic and vegetational conditions of the area and the thermal tolerances, preferences and escape reactions, as well as the resistance to desiccation of the spider species was indicated in the variation of the distribution of the population densities in the biotopes of the dunes. The temperature proved to be a critical environment factor, a main cause of the distribution of the spiders, obvious for e.g. Clubiona trivialis C. Koch, while the humidity seemed to be more important for the habitat selection of Oedothorax apicatus (Bl.).
The Genus Madachrysa Navás, I934, and Its Type Species (Neur. Chrysopidae)
Authors: Tjeder BO 
Published: July 2010

AbstractRedescriptions of the little-known genus Madachrysa Navás, I934, and its type-species, M. seyrigi Navás, I934, are given, based on a pair from the type locality in southern Madagascar.
Designation of Types for the Species of Hadrodactylus Frst. (Hym. Ichneumonidae) Described by C. G. Thomson. With Redescriptions of H. bidentulus (Ths.) and H. villosulus (Ths.)
Authors: Idar Mattias 
Published: July 2010

AbstractEight lectotypes and one holotype are designated for the ten species of the genus Hadrodactylus Frst. described by C. G. Thomson. Two of the species are redescribed and re-established as valid.
Parasite Spectrum (Hym. Aphidiidae) of Aphids Associated with Galium
Authors: Stary P. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAphids and their parasites on various species of Galium in (Central) Europe are reviewed, analysed and discussed with respect to the ecosystem relations. Trioxys (Trioxys) galiobii sp. n. reared from Galiobium langei is described.
Seasonal change in sex ratio in Acraea quirina (F.) (Lep. Nymphalidae), and notes on the factors causing distortions of the sex ratio in butterflies
Authors: Owen D.F. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe butterfly, Acraea quirina, occurs as an adult in all months of the year in forests around Freetown in Sierra Leone. For ninc months (July— March) it is not common but in April—June, at the onset of the wet season, becomes exceedingly abundant. During this period there are two generations, the first containing mainly females, while in the second there is what is probably a normal sex ratio. In butterflies the sex ratio is usually 1 : 1 but a number of instances of an excess of females are now known. The possible mechanisms and significance of distorted sex ratios in butterflies are discussed, not only for A. quirina, but for other species, including Hypolimnas bolina.
Composition and Diversity of Benthic Species Collectives Colonizing Implanted Substrates in a South Swedish Stream
Authors: Nilsson Lars M. , Stergar Anton , Ulfstrand Staffan 
Published: July 2010

AbstractTrays with stones were implanted in a south Swedish stream. They rapidly became covered by large quantities of dcbris and detritus. The composition and diversity of the colonizing species collectives were examined after 2, 4, 8, 15 and 32 days. The changing substrate conditions were accompanied by a successive exchange of species demonstrating their capability of active habitat selection. The species diversity first rose but apparently approached an asymptotic level at the end of the experiment. Species richness was the major factor affecting the diversity, while the evenness component played a minor role, at least in more comprehensive samples.
Aculeate Hymenopteren über Nord- und Ostsee nach Untersuchungen auf Feuerschiffen
Authors: Haeseler Volker 
Published: July 2010

Abstract(1) From 1963 to 1967 153 Hymenoptera Aculeata (34 species) wcre captured on lightships of the North Sea and the Baltic, with a clear dominance of social species. (2) The combination of species corresponded neither with the species' inventory of coast biocenoses nor with the depressed profile in the frequency distribution of this group in terrestrial biocenoses of North West Germany in general. (3) In Hymenoptera Aculeata, calm weather or faint winds together with warm air seemed to favour overflights, whereas insolation was of little importance. (4) Whereas the seasonal appearance of the social species at sea corresponded to their population dynamics in terrestrial ecosystems, nearly all the solitary species were registered near termination of their nighttime in North West Germany. (5) Due to the specific behaviour of hibernating ♀♀in late summer, these are no doubt underrepresented in the coloured dish catches. (6) The ♀♀ and ♂♂ of the social and social-parasitic species exhibit migratory behaviour in midsummer or autumn. However, the ♀♀, as well as ♀♀ and ♂♂ of the solitary species, are classified as "vagrants". (7) Even solitary Hymenoptera Aculeata can travel long distances; surprising, since the Aculeata — with exception of social and social-parasitic species — are often denied any considerable spread of distribution intensity.
Morphology of the Male Genitalia of Lepidoptera II. Monotrysia, Zeugloptera, and Discussion
Authors: Birket-Smith S.J.R. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe male genitalia of species of Monotrysia (Hepialidae) and of Zeugloptera have been examined, and a number of primitive traits demonstrated. The anatomical structures of these suborders have been compared to those of Ditrysia and of Dachnonypha, and an attempt of reconstructing the ancestral male terminalia of Lepidoptera has been made.
Habitat Utilization of Gerris argentatus (Het. Gerridae)1
Authors: Järvinen Olli , Vepsäläinen Kari 
Published: July 2010

AbstractDifferent instars of Gerris argentatus Schumm. were most abundant each in a different habitat in a pond. The older stages were found on more open water surface than the younger ones. Totally open water was avoided. Hind femurs of G. argentatus and sympatric G. lacustris (L.) were measured. The ratio of the measurements of two subsequent developmental stages is about 1.3—1.6. The measurements of G. lacustris instars lie between those of different G. argentatus size classes. The observations are interpreted to indicate different habitat preferences. The length of the leg reflects ease of movement in dense vegetation, correlating with efficiency of foraging. Changes in abundance of the two species in the study pond are discussed.
Coniopterygidae from Western North America (Neuroptera)
Authors: Meinander Martin 
Published: July 2010

AbstractNew records are listed. The following new species are described: Aleuropteryx cupressi (U.S.A.), A. longipennis (U.S.A. & Mexico), A. punctata (U.S.A. & Mexico), Neoconis bifurcata (U.S.A.), Coniopteryx (Coniopteryx) californica (U.S.A.), C. (C.) mexicana (Mexico), C. (C.) simplex (U.S.A.), Semidalis deserta (U.S.A.) and S. frommeri (U.S.A.). Several species are recorded for the first time from a country: Aleuropteryx unicolor Meinander, Coniopteryx minuta Meinander and Semidalis flinti Meinander from Mexico, Helicoconis similis Meinander and Coniopteryx palpalis Meinander from the U.S.A. and Helicoconis lutea Wallengren from Canada. The female of the Canadian H. lutea is brachypterous ; the specimens were collected from high altitude tundra. The genitalia of the following females are figured for the first time: Aleuropteryx cupressi sp. n., A. punctata sp. n. A. simillima Meinander, A. unicolor Meinander and Neoconis marginata Meinander.
Differentiation and Distribution of the Flea Amalaraeus penicilliger (Grube, 1851) in Western and Central Europe
Authors: Brinck-Lindroth Gunvor 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe Microtinae flea Amalaraeus penicilliger is represented by four subspecies in Europe. The differentiating characters of the males are described and their relationships studied. The origin and supposed dispersal in relation to Pleistocene Glaciation and the mammalian host species are discussed. A. p. pyrenaicus ssp.n., the fourth European subspecies, is described.
Revision of the European Species of the Genus Anopedias Förster (Hym. Proctotrupoidea, Platygastrinae)
Authors: Huggert Lars 
Published: July 2010

AbstractRedescriptions are given and lectotypes have been designated for Anopedias obscurus Th., A. tritomus Th. and A lacustris Kieff. The new species A. sundholmi is described and a key to the four species is presented.
Massive Species Diversity in a Sample of Ichneumonidae (Hym.) from Southern Sweden
Authors: Owen D.F. , Svensson Bo W. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA sample of 10,994 Ichneumonidae caught in Malaise traps sited over a small stream in southern Sweden contained 758 species. This diversity of species is comparable to what can be expected in tropical areas for this family of insects and represents about a fifth of the number of Ichneumonid species known from the western Palaearctic.
Nemopteridae from the Island of Socotra (Neuroptera) with Descriptions of Two Genera
Authors: Tjeder BO 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA collection of Nemopterids from the island of Socotra, belonging to the Royal Scottish Museum, Edinburgh, has been examined. The species Nematoptera pusilla Taschenberg, 1883 (subfam. Crocinae) is redescribed and a new genus is established for this species. A new genus and a new species of the subfamily Nemopterinae are also described.
Description of Protanypus saetheri n.sp. from Alaska (Diptera: Chironomidae)
Authors: Wiederholm Torgny 
Published: July 2010

AbstractMale and female imagines of Protanypus saetheri n.sp. are described. The male can be distinguished from other species of Protanypus by its low antennal ratio, by reduced flagellar setae and its hypopygium.
Notes on the European Species of Procloeon Bengtsson with Particular Reference to Procloeon bifidum (Bengtsson) and Procloeon ornatum Tshernova (Ephemerida: Baetidae)
Authors: Sowa Ryszard 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA comparative description of imagines, subimagines, eggs, and nymphs of Procloeon bifidum (Bengtsson) and P. ornatum Tshernova is given on the basis of material from Poland. Some remarks about the type specimens of both species are presented with the designation of their lectotypes. From the other European species of Procloeon Bngtss. the P. pseudorufulum Kimmins and P. lychnidense lkonornov are regarded as the junior synonyms of P. bifidum (Bengtsson).
Genetics of Some Polymorphic Forms of the African Butterfly Danaus chrysippus L. (Lepidoptera: Danaidae)
Authors: Smith D.A.S. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe genetics of eight sympatric colour forms of the polymorphic butterfly Danaus chrysippus are investigated. Colour is controlled at three loci. The B locus controls the ground colour of both wings, which may be either orange or brown, the latter being dominant. The C locus controls the forewing pattern characterized by either a black apical patch with a row of white spots (form chrysippus) or orange or brown colouring throughout (form dorippus). The latter is dominant. At the A locus, the presence of a large white patch on the hindwing (giving form alcippus when combined with a chrysippus-type forewing or form albinus with a dorippus-type forewing) is recessive to its absence. Dominance is often incomplete at both the A and C loci so that many heterozygotes are phenotypically distinct. The B and C loci are closely linked and probably segregate independently from the A locus. There is evidence suggesting that form chrysippus has superior viability to form dorippus in reared broods. At the A locus, heterosis may be involved. The mode of origin and maintenance of the polymorphism is discussed.
Revision der europäischen Arten der Pilzmückengattung Bolitophila Meigen (Diptera: Mycetophilidae)
Authors: Plassmann Eberhard 
Published: July 2010

AbstractSince 1927, when Landrock published his great work about the Fungivoridae in "Die Fliegen der paläarktischen Region", many new species of fungus-gnats have been described. The European members of genus Bolitophila Meigen are revised and a key for their separation is given. Altogether 20 species are now known of which figures and remarks on their genitalia are given; to permit a correct determination, an examination of genitalia is found to be necessary. The known distribution of the species is given.
On the Identity of Phytomyza hedingi Rydén (Diptera: Agromyzidae)
Authors: Griffiths Graham C.D. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractPhytomyza hedingi Rydén has been rediscovered in central Iceland, in association with Gnaphalium norvegicum Gunn. The structure of the male aedeagus shows that it is a valid species. A full redescription is given. The species is also reported from the mountains of Southern Norway.
Hybomitra auripila (Meig.) in Scandinavia with Lectotype Designations and New Synonyms (Diptera: Tabanidae)
Authors: Andersson Hugo 
Published: July 2010

AbstractHybomitra auripila (Meig.) and H. aterrima (Meig.) have been recorded from Scandinavia, and Tabanus aethiops Ljungh, T. lugubris Zett. and T. nigerrimus Zett. have been treated as synonyms of H. aterrima (Meig.). The present study shows that only H. auripila (Meig.) has been found in Scandinavia and that T. aethiops Ljung, T. lugubris Zett. and T. nigerrimus Zett. are synonyms of H. auripila (Meig.). Lectotypes have been designated for these three names.
A New Subspecies of the Nearctic Species Lamproscatella brunneipennis (Mall.) from Northern Norway (Diptera: Ephydridae)
Authors: Andersson Hugo 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA new subspecies, Lamproscatella brunneipennis (Malloch) ssp. norvegica n. ssp., is described and figured on material from the area of supposed glacial refugia in northern Norway. The male genitalia of L. sibilans (Hal.) and L. brunneipennis brunneipennis (Malloch) are figured.
Notes on Chalcidoidea VII A Key to Swedish Species of the Genus Halticoptera Spin. and Three Related Genera (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae)
Authors: Hedqvist Karl-Johan 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA key to the Swedish species of Halticoptera Spin., Halticopterina Erd., Schimitschekia BouČ., and Thinodytes Grah. is presented. Together with a brief description of Halticoptera Spin., a description of H. longitpetiolus sp.n. is given. The following species are recorded from Sweden for the first time: Halticoptera elongatula Grah., H. poreia (Walk.), H. violacea Askew, H. crius (Walk.), H. letitiae Askew, Halticopterina triannulata Erd., and Schimitschekia populi BouČ.
An Analysis of Numerical Phenetics
Authors: Schlee Dieter 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe methodical variants of numerical phenetics, as recently summarized by Sneath and Sokal (1973) are analysed concerning their theoretical bases and practical procedures with special reference to their claims of "objectivity", "repeatability" and production of "stable groups". Inconsistencies and deficiencies are proven to be incorporated in numerical phenetics' methodology to a decisive extent that prevents numerical taxonomy to reach its aims in theory and praxis. Moreover, a large number of truly intuitive decisions are enclosed which effect the results in an undefined and uncontrollable way.
Haemogamasus pontiger Berl. (=H. richteri Selln.) in Iceland and Sweden (Acari/Mesostigmata: Laelapidae)
Authors: Lundqvist Lars , Johnston Donald E. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractMax Sellnick (1974) described a new species of the genus Haemogamasus from Iceland viz. H. richteri Sellnick, 1974. This name is synonymized with H. pontiger Berlese, 1904. The species is also recorded from Scandinavia for the first time.
A Revision of the Brine Flies of the Genus Ephydra of the Old World (Diptera: Ephydridae)
Authors: Wirth Willis W. 
Published: July 2010

Abstract"Brine flies" of the genus Ephydra are often very abundant in coastal salt marshes, lagoons and rock pools; salt and alkaline lakes, ponds, and salinas; salterns where salt is evaporated for human use; and around thermal and mineral springs. The 13 recognized Old World species are redescribed and figured, and a key is presented for identification based mainly on characters of the male genitalia. The Old World species all belong in the subgenus Ephydra, s. str., and are classified in three groups, the bivittata, glauca, and riparia groups. Three new species are described in the riparia group: stuckenbergi from South Africa and Madagascar, magadiensis from Kenya, and murina from Iraq and the area westward to Bulgaria. From a study of types an attempt is made for the correct application of names from the earlier literature, and corrected synonymies include strenzkei Soika new syn. of riparia Fallén. Ephydra alandica Frey is considered to be a Baltic subspecies of macellaria Egger (new status).
Notes on Lamyctes coeculus (Brölemann), a Cosmopolitic, Parthenogenetic Centipede (Chilopoda: Henicopidae)
Authors: Enghoff Henrik 
Published: July 2010

AbstractOld and new records of Lamyctes coeculus (Brölemann) show that the species is distributed cosmopolitically. Anthropochorous dispersal in connection with parthenogenesis (thelytoky) is regarded as the major responsible factor for the wide distribution.