bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Critical review of lasers in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
Authors: Gravas Stavros , Bachmann Alexander , Reich Oliver , Roehrborn Claus G. , Gilling Peter J. , De La Rosette Jean 
Published: March 2011

What’s known on the subject? and What does the study add? Laser technology has been applied to treat LUTS secondary to BPH for >15 years. Some of the early approaches failed to fulfil our expectations and have been abandoned, but technological advancements and growing clinical experience have produced more refined techniques and devices with clinical outcomes that seem to challenge transurethral resection of the prostate.Using an evidence‐based approach, this review explains the basic principles of lasers and updates our knowledge on the progress of laser technology and the role of different laser techniques and types in the treatment of LUTS due to BPH in both the general population and specific groups of patients. The study also documents the need for better quality data to increase the level of evidence for each laser treatment.

Laser treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia has challenged transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) due to advances in laser technology, better understanding of tissue–laser interactions and growing clinical experience.
Various lasers have been introduced including neodymium: yttrium aluminium garnet (YAG), holmium (Ho) : YAG, potassium titanyl phosphate : YAG, thulium(Tm) and diode laser. Based on the different wave‐length dependent laser–prostatic tissue interactions, the main techniques are coagulation, vaporization, resection and enucleation.
The present review aims to help urologists to distinguish and to critically evaluate the role of different laser methods in the treatment by using an evidence‐based approach. It also details further evidence for use in specific patient groups (in retention, on anticoagulation) and addresses the issues of cost and learning curve.
Coagulation‐based techniques have been abandoned; holmium ablation/resection of the prostate has been superseded by the enucleation technique Ho‐laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP). The short‐term efficacy of the emerging laser treatments such as diode and Tm prostatectomy has been suggested by low quality studies. HoLEP and photoselective vaporization of the prostate (PVP) represent valid clinical alternatives to TURP. HoLEP is the most rigorously analysed laser technique with durable efficacy for any prostate size and low early and late morbidity. PVP has grown in acceptance and popularity but long‐term results from high quality studies are pending.
Teacher–Child Relationship Quality and Children's Peer Victimization and Aggressive Behavior in Late Childhood
Authors: Troop‐Gordon Wendy , Kopp Jessica 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThis investigation examines the extent to which characteristics of the teacher–child relationship (closeness, dependency, and conflict) are predictive of changes in children's peer victimization and aggressive behavior over the course of a school year. Relational and physical forms of victimization and aggression were studied, and changes in peer acceptance and number of friendships were tested as possible mediators. Longitudinal data from 410 fourth‐ and fifth‐grade students (193 boys; 217 girls) and their teachers (N = 25) were analyzed. Whereas dependency on the teacher predicted heightened victimization from peers, a close relationship with the teacher forecasted less physical aggression toward peers. Moreover, decreases in number of friendships partially mediated the link between dependency on the teacher and heightened relational victimization for boys. These findings have implications for understanding the continuing influence of teacher–child relationships on children's social development in late childhood and for identifying interpersonal risk factors associated with involvement in peer harassment.
Data and Dialogue in Primary School
Authors: Paramore John 
Published: March 2011

SummaryMany primary school teachers will have not heard of the data‐handling cycle as set out in the English Key Stage 3 (UK ages 11–14) curriculum. This article argues that with a little adjustment, it could become the defining model for a holistic and dialogical approach to data handling at Key Stage 2 (UK ages 7–11).
Relationship between limb and trunk muscle hypertrophy following high‐intensity resistance training and blood flow–restricted low‐intensity resistance training
Authors: Yasuda Tomohiro , Ogasawara Riki , Sakamaki Mikako , Bemben Michael G. , Abe Takashi 
Published: March 2011

SummaryWe examined the relationship between training‐induced limb and trunk muscle hypertrophy in high‐intensity resistance training (HIT) or blood flow–restricted low‐intensity resistance training (LI‐BFR) programmes. Thirty young men were divided into three groups: HIT (n = 10), LI‐BFR (n = 10) and non‐training control (CON, n = 10). The HIT and LI‐BFR groups performed 75% and 30%, respectively, of one‐repetition maximal (1‐RM) bench press exercise, 3 days per week for 6 weeks. During the training sessions, the LI‐BFR group wore elastic cuffs around the most proximal region of both arms. Muscle cross‐sectional area (CSA) and 1‐RM bench press strength were measured before and 3 days after the final training session. Total training volumes (lifting weight × number of repetitions) for all of the sessions were similar between the two training groups. The training led to a significant increase (P < 0·05) in bench press 1‐RM in the two training groups, but not in the CON group. Triceps brachii and pectoralis major muscle CSA increased 8·8% and 15·8% (P < 0·01), respectively, in the HIT group and 4·9% (P < 0·05) and 8·3% (P < 0·01), respectively, in the LI‐BFR group, but not in the CON group (−1·1% and 0·0%, respectively). There was significant correlation (r = 0·70, P < 0·05) between increases in triceps brachii and pectoralis major muscle CSA in the HIT group; however, the correlation was lower and non‐significant in the LI‐BFR group (r = 0·54). Our results suggest that limb and trunk muscle hypertrophy occurs simultaneously during HIT but not during LI‐BFR, possibly owing to individual differences in activation of the arm and chest muscles during the training sessions.
Ant community structure under Retama sphaerocarpa shrubs in a semi‐arid environment
Authors: CARPINTERO Soledad , REYES‐LÓPEZ Joaquín , LUQUE Gloria María 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe Tabernas Desert (Spain) is an emblematic area as it constitutes, strictly speaking, the only European desert. Under the canopy of one of the dominant shrub species, Retama sphaerocarpa, there are different microhabitat conditions that encourage the growing of a dense understory of herbs (fertile islands). However, these changes may not be enough to be also reflected in the fauna. Studying ants as bioindicators, we found higher densities of individuals and species richness below the canopy than outside it. However, while the density of individuals increased from outside the canopy to the inner position under the shrubs, species richness increased from the inner to the border position under the canopy and abruptly decreased outside it. This is because the inner positions were usually monopolized by dominant ants with populous nests that feed on aphid honeydew, such as Monomorium subopacum or Tapinoma nigerrimum. Granivorous species (genus Messor) were usually found in intermediate positions under the canopy, taking advantage of the better microclimatic conditions but close to the grass for feeding. Among the most abundant species, the only one found mainly outside the influence of the retama shrubs was the thermophilic insectivorous Cataglyphis ibericus.
Contest‐type competition between age classes in scramble‐type Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)
Authors: MANO Hiroyuki , TOQUENAGA Yukihiko 
Published: March 2011

AbstractWe examined the effect of age differences on competition type in individuals of a scramble‐type strain of Callosobruchus maculatus (F.). When oviposition of two individuals on a bean was manipulated to introduce time intervals using two lines with different adult body colors, the frequency of two‐adult emergence decreased with the introduction of sequential oviposition. This result indicates that an age difference between two individuals induces contest competition. The frequency of adult emergence in older individuals decreased, whereas in younger individuals it increased with the introduction of sequential oviposition. Using a dissecting microscope, we observed that bodies of older individuals that died in the bean during the 4‐day oviposition interval were crushed at the pupal stage under the pupal chambers of younger individuals. These results show that an age difference between two larvae in a bean causes contest competition due to one‐sided interference by a younger individual during pupation of an older individual. Based on these experimental results, we discuss the ecological cause of contest competition and the population‐level consequences of identified interactions in scramble‐type C. maculatus.
Hybrid Malondialdehyde and Acetaldehyde Protein Adducts Form in the Lungs of Mice Exposed to Alcohol and Cigarette Smoke
Authors: McCaskill Michael L. , Kharbanda Kusum K. , Tuma Dean J. , Reynolds Jill D. , DeVasure Jane M. , Sisson Joseph H. , Wyatt Todd A. 
Published: March 2011

Background:  Most alcohol abusers smoke cigarettes and approximately half of all cigarette smokers consume alcohol. However, no animal models of cigarette and alcohol co‐exposure exist to examine reactive aldehydes in the lungs. Cigarette smoking results in elevated lung acetaldehyde (AA) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Likewise, alcohol metabolism produces AA via the action of alcohol dehydrogenase and MDA via lipid peroxidation. A high concentration of AA and MDA form stable hybrid protein adducts known as malondialdehyde–acetaldehyde (MAA) adducts. We hypothesized that chronic cigarette smoke and alcohol exposure in an in vivo mouse model would result in the in vivo formation of MAA adducts.Methods:  We fed C57BL/6 mice ad libitum ethanol (20%) in drinking water and exposed them to whole‐body cigarette smoke 2 h/d, 5 d/wk for 6 weeks. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and lung homogenates were assayed for AA, MDA, and MAA adduct concentrations. MAA‐adducted proteins were identified by Western blot and ELISA.Results:  Smoke and alcohol exposure alone elevated both AA and MDA, but only the combination of smoke + alcohol generated protein‐adducting concentrations of AA and MDA. MAA‐adducted protein (∼500 ng/ml) was significantly elevated in the smoke + alcohol‐exposed mice. Of the 5 MAA‐adducted proteins identified by Western blot, 1 protein band immunoprecipitated with antibodies to surfactant protein D. Similar to in vitro PKC stimulation by purified MAA‐adducted protein, protein kinase C (PKC) epsilon was activated only in tracheal epithelial extracts from smoke‐ and alcohol‐exposed mice.Conclusions:  These data demonstrate that only the combination of cigarette smoke exposure and alcohol feeding in mice results in the generation of significant AA and MDA concentrations, the formation of MAA‐adducted protein, and the activation of airway epithelial PKC epsilon in the lung.
Is a planned cesarean necessary in twin pregnancies?
Authors: VENDITTELLI FRANÇOISE , RIVIÈRE OLIVIER , CRENN‐HÉBERT CATHERINE , RIETHMULLER DIDIER , SCHAAL JEAN‐PATRICK , DREYFUS MICHEL ,   FOR THE PERINATAL SENTINEL NETWORK AUDIPOG
Published: March 2011

AbstractObjective. Evaluation of elective cesarean section for twin delivery as a standard of care. Design. Historical cohort in a national database (2 597 twin pregnancies). Setting. France. Sample. Twins with first child in cephalic presentation. Methods. Decision analysis. Main Outcome Measures. All neonatal complications, i.e. death, whether intrapartum or in the delivery room or the immediate postpartum period, or neonatal transfer to intensive (or special) care, or trauma, of one or both twins. Results. When we focused on neonatal complications for either or both twins, the strategy of planned vaginal delivery was preferable; the weight of its decision tree branch was lower than that for planned cesarean (26.5 vs. 31.7). If only twin 2 was considered, vaginal delivery was also preferred (weight of vaginal delivery=27.6 vs. 32.7 for planned cesarean). As long as the morbidity and mortality of twin 1 or twin 2 or both during a cesarean for twin 2 in the case of planned vaginal delivery does not exceed 31.5%, all else being equal, vaginal delivery should be preferred to a planned cesarean for twin 1 and twin 2. The two‐variable sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the results. Conclusions. The results of our study do not support a policy of planned cesarean delivery for twin pregnancies at and after 34 weeks of gestation. Level of evidence: II.
Expression patterns of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase and nicotinic acid phosphoribosyltransferase in human malignant lymphomas
Authors: OLESEN UFFE HØGH , HASTRUP NINA , SEHESTED MAXWELL 
Published: March 2011

Olesen UH, Hastrup N, Sehested M. Expression patterns of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase and nicotinic acid phosphoribosyltransferase in human malignant lymphomas. APMIS 2011; 119: 296–303.The purpose of the study was to determine in human malignant lymphomas the expression patterns of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) and nicotinic acid phosphoribosyltransferase (NAPRT), the primary, rate‐limiting enzymes in the synthesis of NAD+. NAMPT is a potential biomarker for sensitivity to NAMPT inhibitors and NAPRT is a biomarker for the use of nicotinic acid as a chemoprotectant in treatment with NAMPT inhibitors. The NAMPT inhibitor, APO866, is currently in clinical phase II trials in lymphomas. The expression of NAMPT and NAPRT was investigated in 53 samples of malignant lymphomas (diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma, follicular B‐cell lymphoma, Hodgkin’s lymphoma and peripheral T‐cell lymphoma). The expression of NAMPT was generally high in the more aggressive malignant lymphomas, with >80% strong expression, whereas the expression in the more indolent follicular lymphoma (FL) was significantly lower (>75% moderate or low expression, p = 0.0002). NAMPT was very highly expressed in Hodgkin Reed‐Sternberg cells in Hodgkin’s lymphoma. NAPRT expression was more varied (p > 0.0001) with 30–50% low expression except for Hodgkin’s lymphoma where 85% displayed low expression (p = 0.0024). In conclusion, FL are a promising target for NAMPT inhibitors whereas substantial subsets of malignant lymphomas especially in Hodgkin lymphoma may be suitable for a combination treatment with nicotinic acid and NAMPT inhibitors.
Biological monitoring of a promissory xenogenic pin for biomedical applications: a preliminary intraosseous study in rats
Authors: Zambuzzi Willian Fernando , Oliveira Rodrigo Cardoso , Subitoni Bruno Leite , Menezes Renato , Taga Rumio , Granjeiro José Mauro 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Objectives: Over the last years, it is known that in some cases metal devices for biomedical applications present some disadvantages suggesting absorbable materials (natural or synthetic) as an alternative of choice. Here, our goal was to evaluate the biological response of a xenogenic pin, derived from bovine cortical bone, intraosseously implanted in the femur of rats.
Material and methods: After 10, 14, 30 and 60 days from implantation, the animals (n=5/period) were killed and the femurs carefully collected and dissected out under histological demands. For identifying the osteoclastogenesis level at 60 days, we performed the immunohistochemisty approach using antibody against RANKL.
Results: Interestingly, our results showed that the incidence of neutrophils and leukocytes was observed only at the beginning (10 days). Clear evidences of pin degradation by host cells started at 14 days and it was more intensive at 60 days, when we detected the majority of the presence of giant multinucleated cells, which were very similar to osteoclast cells contacting the implanted pin. To check osteoclastogenesis at 60 days, we evaluated RANKL expression and it was positive for those resident multinucleated cells while a new bone deposition was verified surrounding the pins in all evaluated periods.
Conclusions: Altogether, our results showed that pins from fully processed bovine bone are biocompatible and absorbable, allowing bone neoformation and it is a promissory device for biomedical applications.
To cite this article: Zambuzzi WF, Oliveira RC, Subitoni BL, Menezes R, Taga R, Granjeiro, JM. Biological monitoring of a promissory xenogenic pin for biomedical applications: a preliminary intraosseous study in rats. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 23, 2012; 367–372. doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2010.02143.x
Osteogenic potential of mesenchymal cells embedded in the provisional matrix after a 6‐week healing period in augmented and non‐augmented extraction sockets: an immunohistochemical prospective pilot study in humans
Authors: Heberer Susanne , Wustlich Alexander , Lage Hermann , Nelson John J. , Nelson Katja 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Purpose: The aim of the present clinical study was the evaluation of the osteogenic potential of mesenchymal cells embedded in the provisional matrix of non‐augmented and with Bio‐Oss collagen‐augmented human extraction sockets after 6 weeks of healing time.
Methods: Twenty‐five patients with 47 extraction sites participated in the present study. After tooth removal, the extraction sockets were augmented with Bio‐Oss collagen or not augmented. At implant placement, bone biopsies of the extraction sockets were obtained. The immunohistochemical analysis of the osteogenic potential of the mesenchymal cells in the provisional matrix was performed using three monoclonal antibodies: core‐binding factor α1 (Cbfa1)/runt‐related protein (Runx)2, osteonectin (OSN/secreted protein acidic and rich in cyst [SPARC]) and osteocalcin (OC). The statistical analysis was performed using two‐factorial analysis for repeated measures, Mann–Whitney U‐test and Spearman's rank‐order correlation coefficient.
Results: Of 47 extraction sockets examined, 17 sockets demonstrated an almost complete ossification. Hence, the provisional matrix of the 30 remaining extraction sockets (21 non‐augmented, 9 augmented) was immunohistochemically investigated. No evidence of acute or chronic inflammation was noted in any of the specimens. In the provisional matrix of the non‐grafted socket, the median amount of Cbfa1/Runx2‐positive cells was 72.3%, of OSN (SPARC) 66.9% and of OC 23.4%, whereas in the grafted sockets the median rate of immunopositive cells staining with Cbfa1/Runx2 was 73.3%, of OSN (SPARC) 61.4% and of OC 20.1%. There was no significant difference in the proportion of positive cells expressed by Cbfa1/Runx2, OSN/SPARC and OC between the grafted and non‐grafted socket. Furthermore, the cell density did not correlate to the quantity of stained cells independent of the used proteins.
Discussion: After a 6‐week healing period, the provisional matrix was demonstrated to have a high proportion of cells displaying a maturation of mature osteoprogenitor cells to osteoblasts. The grafting procedure did not influence the quantity of osteogenic cells in the extraction socket.
To cite this article: Heberer S, Wustlich A, Lage H, Nelson JJ, Nelson K. Osteogenic potential of mesenchymal cells embedded in the provisional matrix after a 6‐week healing period in augmented and non‐augmented extraction sockets: an immunohistochemical prospective pilot study in humans. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 23, 2012; 19–27. doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2010.02148.x
Effect of Si addition on Ca‐ and P‐impregnated implant surfaces with nanometer‐scale roughness: an experimental study in dogs
Authors: Coelho Paulo G. , Granato Rodrigo , Marin Charles , Jimbo Ryo , Lin Siyan , Witek Lukasz , Suzuki Marcelo , Bonfante Estevam A. 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Objectives: To investigate the effect of Si addition on a nanometer‐scale roughness Ca and P implant surfaces in a canine tibia model by biomechanical and histomorphometric evaluations.
Material and methods: The implant surfaces comprised a resorbable media CaP microblasted (control) and a CaP resorbable media+silica‐boost microblasted (experimental) surfaces. Surfaces were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and optical interferometry (IFM) down to the nanometric level. The animal model involved the bilateral placement of control (n=24) and experimental surface (n=24) implants along the proximal tibiae of six dogs, remaining in vivo for 2 or 4 weeks. After euthanization, half of the specimens were torqued‐to‐interface failure, and the other half was subjected to histomorphologic and bone‐to‐implant contact (BIC) evaluation. Torque and BIC statistical evaluation was performed by the Friedman test at 95% level of significance, and comparisons between groups was performed by the Dunn test.
Results: IFM and SEM observations depicted comparable roughness parameters for both implant surfaces on the micrometer and nanometer scales. XPS analysis revealed similar chemical composition, except for the addition of Si on the experimental group. Torque‐to‐interface failure and BIC mean values showed no significant differences (P=0.25 and 0.51, respectively) at both 2‐ and 4‐week evaluation points for experimental and control groups. Early bone healing histomorphologic events were similar between groups.
Conclusions: The experimental surface resulted in not significantly different biomechanical fixation and BIC relative to control. Both surfaces were biocompatible and osseoconductive.
To cite this article: Coelho PG, Granato R, Marin C, Jimbo R, Lin S, Witek L, Suzuki M, Bonfante EA. Effect of Si addition on Ca‐ and P‐impregnated implant surfaces with nanometer‐scale roughness: an experimental study in dogs. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 23, 2012; 373–378. doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2010.02150.x
Disturbance Type and Plant Successional Communities in Bahamian Dry Forests
Authors: Larkin Claire C. , Kwit Charles , Wunderle Joseph M. , Helmer Eileen H. , Stevens M. Henry H. , Roberts Montara T. K. , Ewert David N. 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTDifferent disturbances in similar habitats can produce unique successional assemblages of plants. We collected plant species composition and cover data to investigate the effects of three common types of disturbances—fire, anthropogenic clearing (‘cleared’), and clearing followed by goat grazing (‘cleared‐and‐grazed’)—on early‐successional coppice (dry forest) community structure and development on Eleuthera, Bahamas. For each disturbance type, both the ground layer (<0.5 m height) and shrub layer (>0.5 m height) were sampled in eight patches (>1 ha) of varying age (1–28 yr) since large‐scale mature coppice disturbance. Overall, plant communities differed among disturbance types; several common species had significantly higher cover in the shrub layer of fire patches, and cleared‐and‐grazed patches exhibited higher woody ground cover. Total percent cover in the shrub layer increased in a similar linear fashion along the investigated chronosequence of each disturbance type; however, cover of the common tree species, Bursera simaruba, increased at a notably slower rate in cleared‐and‐grazed patches. The pattern of increase and subsequent decrease in cover of Lantana spp. and Zanthoxylum fagara in the shrub layer was characterized by longer persistence and higher covers, respectively, in cleared‐and‐grazed patches, which also exhibited low peak cover and fast decline of nonwoody ground cover. Our results suggest that goats may accelerate some aspects of succession (e.g., quickly removing nonwoody ground cover) and retard other aspects (e.g., inhibiting growth of tree species and maintaining early‐successional shrubs in the shrub layer). These effects may lead to different successional trajectories, and have important conservation implications.