bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is fast auditory change detection feature specific? An electrophysiological study in humans
Authors: Leung Sumie , Cornella Miriam , Grimm Sabine , Escera Carles 
Published: May 2012

AbstractRecent oddball studies showed that auditory change detection responses exist in the first 50 ms after sound onset, upstream of mismatch negativity (MMN). We examined if these early responses could be elicited by feature‐specific changes, meaning changes in the value of one attribute of a stimulus, regardless of whether other attributes of the stimulus are changing or not. We used a multifeature paradigm with four types of deviants: frequency, duration, intensity, and interaural time difference. In the middle latency range, only frequency deviants led to an enhanced Nb response. All four feature changes generated significant MMNs. Our results indicate that human brain is capable of detecting a feature‐specific change for frequency attributes in the middle latency. The different levels of information being encoded in two separate event‐related potential time ranges support the notion of a hierarchical organization of auditory deviance detection.
Development of Normal‐Suction Boundary Control Method Based on Inflow Cannula Pressure Waveform for the Undulation Pump Ventricular Assist Device
Authors: Ishii Kohei , Saito Itsuro , Isoyama Takashi , Nakagawa Hidemoto , Emiko Nakano , Ono Toshiya , Shi Wei , Inoue Yusuke , Abe Yusuke 
Published: May 2012

AbstractIt is desirable to obtain the maximum assist without suction in ventricular assist devices (VADs). However, high driving power of a VAD may cause severe ventricle suction that can induce arrhythmia, hemolysis, and pump damage. In this report, an appropriate VAD driving level that maximizes the assist effect without severe systolic suction was explored. The target driving level was set at the boundary between low driving power without suction and high driving power with frequent suction. In the boundary range, intermittent mild suction may occur. Driving power was regulated by the suction occurrence. The normal‐suction boundary control method was evaluated in a female goat implanted with an undulation pump ventricular assist device (UPVAD). The UPVAD was driven in a semipulsatile mode with heartbeat synchronization control. Systolic driving power was adjusted using a normal‐suction boundary control method developed for this study. We confirmed that driving power could be maintained in the boundary range. Occurrences of suction were evaluated using the suction ratio. We defined this ratio as the number of suction occurrences divided by the number of heartbeats. The suction ratio decreased by 70% when the normal‐suction boundary control method was used.
Counterpulsation With Symphony Prevents Retrograde Carotid, Aortic, and Coronary Flows Observed With Intra‐Aortic Balloon Pump Support
Authors: Giridharan Guruprasad A. , Bartoli Carlo R. , Spence Paul A. , Dowling Robert D. , Koenig Steven C. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractA counterpulsation device (Symphony) is being developed to provide long‐term circulatory support for advanced heart failure (HF) patients. In acute animal experiments, flow waveform patterns in the aortic, carotid, and coronary arteries were compared during Symphony and intra‐aortic balloon pump (IABP) support. Human data were examined for similarities. The 30‐mL Symphony was compared to a 40‐mL IABP in calves with cardiac dysfunction (80–100 kg, n = 8). Aortic pressures and aortic, carotid, and coronary artery flows were simultaneously recorded at baseline (devices off) and during 1:1 and 1:2 support. Forward, retrograde, and mean flows were calculated and compared for each test condition. Findings were also compared to aortic flow measurements recorded in HF patients (n = 21) supported by 40‐mL IABP. IABP caused significant retrograde flows in the aorta, coronary (IABP: −24 ± 8 mL/min, Symphony: −6 ± 2 mL/min, baseline: −2 ± 1 mL/min, P < 0.05), and carotid arteries (IABP: −30 ± 5 mL/min, Symphony: −0 ± 0 mL/min, baseline: −0 ± 0 L/min, P < 0.05) during ventricular systole compared to the Symphony. IABP support produced higher diastolic pressure and flow augmentation compared to Symphony. Due to retrograde flows during IABP support, Symphony provided higher overall coronary, carotid, and aortic flows. Similar reduction in total aortic flows due to retrograde flow was observed in HF patients during IABP support. Counterpulsation with an IABP via aortic volume displacement produces retrograde flows during rapid balloon deflation that reduces total flow. Counterpulsation with Symphony via volume removal eliminates retrograde flow and improves total flow more than that achieved with IABP. The Symphony may provide long‐term hemodynamic benefits in HF patients.
Computed Tomography Findings in 32 Joints Affected with Severe Elbow Incongruity and Fragmented Medial Coronoid Process
Authors: Samoy Yves , Gielen Ingrid , Van Caelenberg Annemie , van Bree Henri , Duchateau Luc , Van Ryssen Bernadette 
Published: May 2012

ObjectiveTo describe the computed tomography (CT) findings in dogs with severe elbow incongruity combined with a fragmented medial coronoid process (FCP) and compare these with normal joints and congruent joints affected byFCP.Study DesignClinical study.AnimalsClient‐owned dogs with elbow lameness (n = 40) and purpose bred dogs (n = 5; controls).MethodsTheCTfeatures of 32 severely incongruent joints with concomitantFCPwere compared with those of 32 congruent elbow joints affected withFCPand 10 normal joints.ResultsIn severely incongruent elbow joints, a radioulnar step and widened joint spaces were visible on eachCTplane. Additional features typically seen in severely incongruent elbows were a cyst at the radioulnar transition and fragmentation of the axial border of the medial coronoid incisure. None of these features appeared in normal or in congruentFCPjoints.ConclusionOnCT, several features associated with severe elbow incongruity and concomitantFCPwere detected, which were not found in normal joints or congruent joints affected byFCP.
Is there a gender difference in anatomic features of incisive canal and maxillary environmental bone?
Authors: Güncü Güliz N. , Yıldırım Yağmur D. , Yılmaz Hasan Güney , Galindo‐Moreno Pablo , Velasco‐Torres Miguel , Al‐Hezaimi Khalid , Al‐Shawaf Reema , Karabulut Erdem , Wang Hom‐Lay , Tözüm Tolga F. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractObjectivesThe effect of gender on anatomic structures and various body systems were illustrated in the literature. The purpose of this study was to identify the influence of gender and tooth loss on incisive canal characteristics and buccal bone dimensions in the anterior maxilla.Materials and methodsComputed tomographies (CTs) of 417 male and 516 female patients in four dental clinics were included in this study. The diameter and the length of the incisive canal; width and the length of the bone anterior to the canal; palatal bone length, root length, and root width of the central incisor teeth were measured and recorded from CT sections.ResultsMean incisive canal length was 11.96 ± 2.73 mm and 10.39 ± 2.47 mm in men and women, respectively, (P < 0.05). In men, mean canal diameter was 2.79 ± 0.94 mm whereas in women it was 2.43 ± 0.85 mm and this difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Men had significant higher buccal bone dimensions (length and width of the bone anterior to the canal) than women. Absence of teeth in the anterior maxilla decreased incisive canal length and buccal bone dimensions; however, canal diameter remain unchanged.ConclusionsPresent results suggested a gender related differences in anatomic features of incisive canal and surrounding buccal bone. In addition, crestal canal diameter, buccal bone length, and thickness parameters might be different in distinct countries.
Correlation between molecular signals and bone bonding to titanium implants
Authors: Monjo Marta , Ramis Joana M. , Rønold Hans J. , Taxt‐Lamolle Sébastien F. , Ellingsen Jan E. , Lyngstadaas Staale P. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractObjectivesA better understanding of the biological processes controlling osseointegration at the bone‐to‐implant interface is needed. The aim of this study was to examine which are the molecular and biochemical variables that are significantly related to osseointegration, using multiple regression analysis.Materials and methodsTitanium coins were placed into the tibial cortical bone of New Zealand White rabbits and evaluated using pull‐out test after 4 and 8 weeks of healing. Correlations between pull‐out and several markers from tissue fluid (Lactate dehydrogenase [LDH] and Alkaline phosphatase [ALP] activities and total protein content) and peri‐implant bone tissue (total protein, RNA and DNA content, implant area covered with bone and gene expression of osteoblast, osteoclast and inflammation markers) were used to assess the importance of these parameters in bone healing and in relation to implant performance.ResultsOur results showed a negative correlation between the content of DNA, RNA and total protein at the peri‐implant bone tissue and the pull‐out force, indicating that as bone matures and implant becomes more osseointegrated, the organic content of bone decreases. The negative correlation found between pull‐out force and ALP activity pointed to a delayed healing in implants with lower pull‐out values and primary mineralization still ongoing. LDH activity and total protein content in the tissue fluid were as well negatively correlated with the pull‐out force. Finally, a positive correlation was observed between the pull‐out force and the expression of the osteoblast and the bone resorption markers, being osteocalcin and collagen‐I the best predictive markers for osseointegration after 4 and 8 weeks of healing respectively.ConclusionsThese results suggest that the evaluation of these markers could be relevant for the assessment of new implant surfaces for rapid bone healing and improved implant performance.
Candidate Biomarkers for Acute Rejection of Pregnancy After in‐utero Cell‐Based Therapy in Pre‐Immune Embryos via Ultrasound‐Guided Celocentesis
Authors: Santolaya Jacobo L. , Galan Isabel , Stefano Valeria Di , Jasani Sona , De Leon‐Luis Juan , Wolf Roman , Santolaya‐Forgas Joaquin 
Published: May 2012

ProblemA maternal serum biomarker profile analysis was performed to determine potential indicators of acute rejection of pregnancy following in‐utero cell‐based treatments in pre‐immune embryos.Method of studyWe used an established non‐human primate model for in‐utero stem cell therapy at 38–42 days from fertilization. The maternal serum concentrations of nine candidate biomarkers for acute rejection of pregnancy were determined before and after the injection of different cocktails of human umbilical cord blood stem cells into the gestational sac. All animals were then followed until delivery.ResultsTwenty‐four hours after celocentesis, two of the animals aborted. These two animals received a cocktail of haemopoietic stem cells with the highest concentration of human CD3+ cells and showed a twofold increase in maternal serum IL‐6 and a threefold increase in prolactin after the procedure. The remaining six animals delivered at term live and normal newborns and only demonstrated an increase in prolactin after the celocentesis procedure.Conclusion
IL‐6 and prolactin are master immunoregulators with pleiotropic biological functions that have different maternal serum concentrations depending on pregnancy outcome. These findings suggest that increases in maternal serum prolactin and IL‐6 concentration may be associated with acute rejection of pregnancy after in‐utero stem cell therapy.
Cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) Gene‐765G/C Polymorphism and Advanced‐Stage Endometriosis in Korean Women
Authors: Kim Hye Yeon , Cho SiHyun , Choi Young Sik , Yang Hyo In , Lee Kyung Eun , Seo Seok Kyo , Lee Byung Seok 
Published: May 2012

ProblemWe investigated the association of
COX

‐2 gene‐765G/C polymorphism and risk of advanced‐stage endometriosis in Korean women.Method of studyThis study consisted of 268 women with advanced‐stage endometriosis and 242 control women without endometriosis in Korea. Subjects were genotyped for the ‐765G/C polymorphism of the
COX

‐2 gene by RFLP‐PCR analysis.ResultsThere were significant differences in the genotype distributions of the ‐765G/C polymorphism between patients with advanced‐stage endometriosis and control subjects. The C allele for ‐765G/C was associated with significantly lower risk of advanced‐stage endometriosis (OR, 0.14; 95% CI, 0.06–0.30).ConclusionsWe have demonstrated a significant genetic association between the ‐765G/C polymorphism and advanced‐stage endometriosis in Korean women. The ‐765C allele may be protective against the development of the disease in Korean women.
Implementation and results of bedside hearing screening with automated auditory brainstem response in the neonatal intensive care unit
Authors: Smets Koenraad , Verrue Nele , Dhooge Ingeborg 
Published: May 2012

AbstractAim:  To evaluate implementation and results of neonatal hearing screening with automated auditory brainstem response (AABR) by bedside nurses in a single‐centre neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).Methods:  Retrospective review of charts of 2074 newborns admitted over a 4‐year period.Results:  One thousand eight hundred and 24 newborns (88%) were screened. A ‘pass’ result was obtained in 1761 patients (96.5%). From 63 infants with ‘refer’, 40 were tested with auditory brainstem response: in 28 hearing loss was confirmed. Three hundred and nine neonates were screened before postmenstrual age (PMA) of 34 weeks: 78% successfully passed the first test. Sixty‐seven infants with ‘refer’ at the first test before PMA of 34 weeks were re‐evaluated: 48 had normal hearing tests, 24 of whom still younger than 34 weeks. For 12 of 19 infants with ‘refer’ before 34 weeks, follow‐up was available: in 7 hearing loss was confirmed.Conclusion:  Neonatal hearing screening with AABR can be easily performed by the bedside nurse in the NICU even in premature babies before 34 weeks PMA. A ‘pass’ result can be obtained in almost 80% of them; a ‘refer’ result at that age, however, must be interpreted cautiously, as false ‘refer’ occurred in 5/12 of these infants.
Patterns of weed co‐occurrence at the field and landscape level
Authors: Petit Sandrine , Fried Guillaume 
Published: May 2012

AbstractQuestionAre patterns of weed co‐occurrence structured or random? Do these patterns differ at the field and landscape scales? Are co‐occurrence patterns related to the effect of environmental filters and/or competition?LocationFrance.MethodsWeed communities were surveyed in 3008 4‐m2 plots, i.e. 32 plots per field in 94 winter‐wheat fields located in the same landscape. We estimated patterns of species co‐occurrence (C‐score) at the field and landscape level. Additional characteristics of weed communities (degree of habitat specialization, competitive ability) and sampled fields (within‐field and among‐fields environmental heterogeneity) were used to interpret observed co‐occurrence patterns at both scales.ResultsNon‐randomness was detected in <20% of the fields; these fields were characterized by higher within‐field environmental heterogeneity and contained a higher proportion of competitive species. This subset of fields partly drove the pattern of co‐occurrence of weed species at the landscape scale. After removing this effect, specialist species were found to be aggregated and species that had an intermediate degree of habitat specialization were segregated, despite the lack of marked environmental gradients across the studied landscape.ConclusionsPatterns of weed co‐occurrence differed at the field and landscape scales. Weeds co‐occurred mostly randomly within fields but were in some instances segregated as a result of environmental heterogeneity and possibly weed–weed competition. At the landscape scale, aggregation of specialist species and segregation of intermediate species are likely to result from variations in crop management among the sampled fields.
Screening and Empirical Kinetic Models of Collagen Extraction from Selected Malaysian Freshwater Fish
Authors: Kiew Peck Loo , Mat Don Mashitah 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACTAcid‐soluble collagen (ASC) and pepsin‐soluble collagen (PSC) were extracted from the muscles of selected cultured catfish (hybrid of Clarias gariepinus x Clarias macrocephalus), red tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), black tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus), pangasius catfish (Pangasius sutchi), sultan fish (Leptobarbus hoevenii) and labyrinth fish (Trichogaster trichopterus), freshwater fishes that are widely consumed in Malaysia. The extracted yields for the tested species were higher for PSC as compared with ASC. The catfish contained the highest amount of collagen (PSC) at 368.36 ± 12.05 mg collagen/g muscles. A mathematical description of the principle kinetics involved in collagen extraction was attained using four two‐parametric models, namely the power law, parabolic diffusion, Peleg's and Elovich's models. The power law model was found to be the best model capable of predicting the extraction data with R2 = 0.993, P value = 0.033% and root mean square deviation = 2.605%, respectively.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSUtilization of fish collagen has been favorable over that of mammalian sources, mainly in making more effective use of underutilized resources. The application of acid‐extraction technology to recover and isolate collagen from Malaysian freshwater fish muscles would be able to boost up the commercial values of these cheap and underutilized protein sources while assisting in conservation of these natural resources in Malaysia. Mathematic models proposed in this study were also proven to be successful in governing and describing the kinetics of collagen extraction process.
Judiciaries as crucial actors in Southern regulatory systems: A case study of Indian telecom regulation
Authors: Thiruvengadam Arun K. , Joshi Piyush 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThis article addresses regulatory reforms in the Indian telecommunications sector and emphasizes the role of the Indian judiciary. Our claim is that when confronted with a series of disputes relating to the nascent telecom regulatory landscape, the Supreme Court of India sought to make a constructive contribution to both the actual disputes as well as the overall regulatory framework. Our reading of these cases suggests that in the sphere of telecom, the Supreme Court has been less interested in stamping its own authority on issues, and has instead sought to bolster the authority and legitimacy of the recently constituted telecom regulatory institutions. We seek to draw attention to the role of the Indian judiciary as marking an exceptional feature of evolving regulatory systems in the Global South. Conventional wisdom in the regulatory jurisprudence that has evolved in the Global North suggests that judiciaries should have little or no role to play in regulatory systems. We suggest that to overcome the special challenges that regulatory systems in the Global South confront, more established institutions and actors might have to lend credibility and legitimacy to enable nascent regulatory actors to develop over time. At least in the Indian case, this is one way to understand the Indian judiciary's interventionist actions in the sphere of telecom regulation.
Gas Chromatographic‐Olfactometric Aroma Profile and Quantitative Analysis of Volatile Carbonyls of Grilled Beef from Different Finishing Feed Systems
Authors: Celia Resconi Virginia , del Mar Campo María , Montossi Fabio , Ferreira Vicente , Sañudo Carlos , Escudero Ana 
Published: May 2012

Abstract:  In this study, the important odor impact volatiles generated in the meat of grilled beef loin muscle were characterized. Animals were finished in 4 different diet systems: T1, pasture (a mixture of Medicago sativa, Trifolium repens, and Festuca arundinacea); T2, pasture supplemented with cracked corn grain (offered at 0.6% live weight, LW); T3, pasture supplemented with cracked corn grain (offered at 1.2% LW); and T4, concentrate (pellets with 85% corn and 12.8% sunflower, on a dry‐matter basis) plus alfalfa hay (both ad libitum). Aroma compounds were assessed by dynamic headspace‐solid phase extraction (DHS‐SPE) and gas chromatographic‐olfactometric (GC‐O) analysis. Most odorants were carbonyl compounds, some of them reaching high GC‐O scores, especially 1‐octen‐3‐one, (E)‐2‐octenal, methional, and hexanal. A specific quantitative analysis of ketones and aldehydes was conducted through their derivatization with o‐(2,3,4,5,6‐pentafluorobenzyl) hydroxylamine hydrochloride directly on the headspace trap and analyzed by GC‐MS, with the purpose of studying the effect of finishing diet systems. From the 23 carbonyl compounds quantified, 2 were especially affected by the diet system; methional was higher in the treatment based on concentrates, whereas (E,E)‐2,4‐heptadienal was higher in the treatment based only in pastures. The results are discussed considering previous published productive and quality traits.Practical Application:  The knowledge of how production factors, such as animal feeding, can affect the flavor of meat is of significant interest toward in achieving a high‐quality and differentiated product. The development of more specific and efficient methodologies is necessary to analyze meat aroma compounds, which would be used as routine analysis, that is for product authentication. In the future, the use of this analysis would allow producing and designing specific foods according to different markets.
Conjugated Linoleic Acid Conversion by Six Lactobacillus plantarum Strains Cultured in MRS Broth Supplemented with Sunflower Oil and Soymilk
Authors: Li Haiping , Liu Yong , bao Yan , Liu Xiaoming , Zhang Heping 
Published: May 2012

Abstract:  Six strains of Lactobacillus plantarum, isolated from traditional dairy products of minority nationalities, were evaluated for their ability to produce conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) from free linoleic acid in vitro. All the 6 strains were found to be capable of converting linoleic acid to CLA when using sunflower oil as substrate or during soymilk fermentation. The inhibitory effect of linoleic acid on the growth of the L. plantarum was also discussed. The production of CLA was increased with adding high concentration of substrate in sunflower oil and IMAU60042 produced the highest CLA both in sunflower oil and soymilk. The CLA was composted by 2 isomers: cis9, trans11‐CLA and tran10, cis12‐CLA, and cis9, tran s11‐CLA covered the most part of the total CLA formed except for L. plantarum P8. The production of CLA was decreased during the storage of fermented soymilk. The CLA contents decreased significantly in the first week, also more quickly in 2 wk. Especially, tran10, cis12‐CLA decreased more rapidly than cis9, tran11‐CLA. No dramatic change was observed among other 8 fatty acids in soymilk. The proportion of unsaturated fatty acids varied after fermentation with different L. plantrum strains, but all decreased the during storage. The research on the ability of converting CLA of L. plantrum strains could be basis for the future research and development of fermented soymilk products.Practical Application:  Desirable probiotic traits, such as acid and bile tolerance, aggregation activity, and antibacterial activity, have been proved for the 6 Lactobacillus plantarum strains. The 6 L. plantarum strains might be used in the fermentation of soymilk to produce multifunctional probiotic soymilk products, especially the rich CLA contents.