bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Occupation and occupational exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals in male breast cancer: a case–control study in Europe
Authors: Villeneuve Sara , Cyr Diane , Lynge Elsebeth , Orsi Laurent , Sabroe Svend , Merletti Franco , Gorini Giuseppe , Morales-Suarez-Varela Maria , Ahrens Wolfgang , Baumgardt-Elms Cornelia , Kaerlev Linda , Eriksson Mikael , Hardell Lennart , Févotte Joëlle , Guénel Pascal 
Published: August 2010

ObjectivesMale breast cancer is a rare disease of largely unknown aetiology. In addition to genetic and hormone-related risk factors, a large number of environmental chemicals are suspected of playing a role in breast cancer. The identification of occupations or occupational exposures associated with an increased incidence of breast cancer in men may help to identify mammary carcinogens in the environment.MethodsOccupational risk factors for male breast cancer were investigated in a multi-centre case–control study conducted in eight European countries which included 104 cases and 1901 controls. Lifetime work history was obtained during in-person interviews. Occupational exposures to endocrine disrupting chemicals (alkylphenolic compounds, phthalates, polychlorinated biphenyls and dioxins) were assessed on a case-by-case basis using expert judgement.ResultsMale breast cancer incidence was particularly increased in motor vehicle mechanics (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.0 to 4.4) with a dose–effect relationship with duration of employment. It was also increased in paper makers and painters, forestry and logging workers, health and social workers, and furniture manufacture workers. The OR for exposure to alkylphenolic compounds above the median was 3.8 (95% CI 1.5 to 9.5). This association persisted after adjustment for occupational exposures to other environmental oestrogens.ConclusionThese findings suggest that some environmental chemicals are possible mammary carcinogens. Petrol, organic petroleum solvents or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are suspect because of the consistent elevated risk of male breast cancer observed in motor vehicle mechanics. Endocrine disruptors such as alkylphenolic compounds may play a role in breast cancer.
Traffic-related air pollution and pregnancy outcomes in the Dutch ABCD birth cohort study
Authors: Gehring Ulrike , van Eijsden Manon , Dijkema Marieke B A , van der Wal Marcel F , Fischer Paul , Brunekreef Bert 
Published: August 2010

ObjectivesThere is growing evidence for an adverse effect of maternal exposure to air pollution on pregnancy outcomes. As European data on this topic are limited, the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of maternal exposure to traffic-related air pollution during different periods of pregnancy on preterm birth and fetal growth.MethodsWe estimated maternal residential exposure to NO2during pregnancy (entire pregnancy and trimesters) for 7600 singleton births participating in the Amsterdam Born Children and their Development (ABCD) prospective birth cohort study by means of a temporally adjusted land-use regression model. Associations between air pollution concentrations and preterm birth and fetal growth (expressed as small for gestational age and term birth weight) were analysed by means of logistic and linear regression models with and without adjustment for maternal physiological, lifestyle and sociodemographic characteristics.ResultsThere was no indication of an increase in preterm birth among highly exposed women. Children of mothers with NO2levels in the highest exposure category on average had the highest term birth weight of all children and were among those with the lowest risk of being small for gestational age with little indication of a dose–response relationship.ConclusionsIn this study, there is no evidence for a harmful effect of estimated maternal exposure to traffic-related air pollution during pregnancy on pregnancy outcomes such as preterm birth, small for gestational age and term birth weight.
Circadian variation of heart rate variability among welders: Figure 1
Authors: Cavallari Jennifer M , Fang Shona C , Mittleman Murray A , Christiani David C 
Published: August 2010

ObjectiveTo compare the circadian variation of hourly heart rate variability (HRV) on work and non-workdays among boilermaker construction workers.MethodA panel study of 18 males monitored by 24-h ambulatory ECG over 44 observation-days on paired work and non-workdays was conducted. ECGs were analysed and the SD of normal-to-normal beats index (SDNNi) was calculated from 5-min data and summarised hourly. SDNNis over work and non-workdays were compared using linear mixed-effects models to account for repeated measures and harmonic regression to account for circadian variation.ResultsBoth work and non-work hourly HRV exhibited circadian variation with an increase in the evening and a decrease in the afternoon. SDNNiwas lower on workdays as compared with non-workdays with the largest, statistically significant differences observed between 10:00 and 16:00, during active working. Lower SDNNi, albeit smaller yet statistically significant differences, was also observed in the evening hours following work (17:00–21:00) and early morning (4:00). In regression models using all time periods, an average workday SDNNiwas 8.1 ms (95% CI −9.8 to −6.3) lower than non-workday SDNNi. The circadian pattern of HRV exhibited two peaks which differed on work and non-workdays.ConclusionWhile workday and non-workday HRV followed a circadian pattern, decreased HRV and variation of the circadian pattern were observed on workdays. Declines and changes in the circadian pattern of HRV is a concern among this exposed population.
IRRATIONALITÉ AUX ENTIERS IMPAIRS POSITIFS D'UN q-ANALOGUE DE LA FONCTION ZÊTA DE RIEMANN
Authors: JOUHET FRÉDÉRIC , MOSAKI ELIE 
Published: August 2010

Dans cet article, nous nous intéressons à un q-analogue aux entiers positifs de la fonction zêta de Riemann, que l'on peut écrire pour s ∈ ℕ* sous la forme ζq(s) = ∑k≥1qk∑d|kds-1. Nous donnons une nouvelle minoration de la dimension de l'espace vectoriel sur ℚ engendré, pour 1/q ∈ ℤ\{-1; 1} et A entier pair, par 1, ζq(3), ζq(5), …, ζq(A - 1). Ceci améliore un résultat récent de Krattenthaler, Rivoal et Zudilin ([13]). En particulier notre résultat a pour conséquence le fait que pour 1/q ∈ ℤ\{-1; 1}, au moins l'un des nombres ζq(3), ζq(5), ζq(7), ζq(9) est irrationnel. In this paper, we focus on a q-analogue of the Riemann zeta function at positive integers, which can be written for s ∈ ℕ* by ζq(s) = ∑k≥1qk∑d|kds-1. We give a new lower bound for the dimension of the vector space over ℚ spanned, for 1/q ∈ ℤ\{-1; 1} and an even integer A, by 1, ζq(3), ζq(5), …, ζq(A-1). This improves a recent result of Krattenthaler, Rivoal and Zudilin ([13]). In particular, a consequence of our result is that for 1/q ∈ ℤ\{-1; 1}, at least one of the numbers ζq(3), ζq(5), ζq(7), ζq(9) is irrational.
RAY CLASS GROUPS OF QUADRATIC AND CYCLOTOMIC FIELDS
Authors: HOELSCHER JING LONG 
Published: August 2010

This paper studies Galois extensions over real quadratic number fields or cyclotomic number fields ramified only at one prime. In both cases, the ray class groups are computed, and they give restrictions on the finite groups that can occur as such Galois groups. Let [Formula: see text] be a real quadratic number field with a prime P lying above p in ℚ. If p splits in K/ℚ and p does not divide the big class number of K, then any pro-p extension of K ramified only at P is finite cyclic. If p is inert in K/ℚ, then there exist infinite extensions of K ramified only at P. Furthermore, for big enough integer k, the ray class field (mod Pk+1) is obtained from the ray class field (mod Pk) by adjoining ζpk+1. In the case of a regular cyclotomic number field K = ℚ(ζp), the explicit structure of ray class groups (mod Pk) is given for any positive integer k, where P is the unique prime in K above p.
Prevention of Colitis-Associated Carcinogenesis with Infliximab
Authors: Kim Yoon Jae , Hong Kyung Sook , Chung Jun Won , Kim Ju Hyun , Hahm Ki Baik 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
The emergence of infliximab was an epochal event in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Because colitis-associated cancers arose in the setting of chronic inflammation, during which “inflammation-dysplasia-carcinoma sequence” prevails and anti-inflammatory agents can prevent carcinogenesis, we hypothesized whether infliximab can prevent colitic cancer in animal models for which C57BL/6 mice were exposed to 15 cycles of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), with each cycle consisting of 0.7% DSS for 1 week followed by sterilized water for 10 days. Infliximab (4 mg/kg i.v.) was given on the 1st, 3rd, and 7th weeks or 25th, 27th, and 31st weeks of cycle according to “step-up” versus “top-down” strategy. Molecular change about inflammation and carcinogenesis was compared between groups. Multiple colorectal tumors developed in 75% to 80% of control mice, whereas only 16.7% of mice treated with infliximab on the 1st, 3rd, and 7th weeks developed colon tumors. Significant decreases in tumor necrosis factor-α level, mast cell number, and the expression of inflammatory cytokines were observed in top-down strategy using infliximab. The expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and MMP-11 were significantly decreased in mice treated with infliximab accompanied with attenuated numbers of “β-catenin–accumulated crypts.” In animal group where infliximab was administered at later stage of 25th, 27th, and 31st weeks, no reduction in tumorigenesis was noted. These biological effects of infliximab were further explored in in vitro experiment using Raw264.7 and Jurkat T cells. Conclusively, earlier and intensive therapy with infliximab should be considered for either mitigating clinical course or preventing ultimate development of colitic cancer in high-risk IBD patients. Cancer Prev Res; 3(10); 1314–33. ©2010 AACR.
Screening for Oral Premalignancy and Cancer: What Platform and Which Biomarkers?
Authors: Lingen Mark W. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
This perspective on the report by Pattani et al. in this issue of the journal (beginning on page 1093) examines the utility of detecting hypermethylation of the candidate tumor suppressor genes endothelin receptor type B (EDNRB) and kinesin family member 1A (KIF1A) as a means of oral cancer or premalignancy screening. The data discussed here raise the possibility that saliva-based hypermethylation studies may hold promise as a cancer screening platform. This perspective also discusses some of the challenges and current limitations of developing biomarkers to screen not only for oral premalignancy and early cancer but for human papillomavirus–related oropharyngeal neoplasia as well. Cancer Prev Res; 3(9); 1056–9. ©2010 AACR.
A Pilot Study of Rapid Cooling by Cold Saline and Endovascular Cooling Before Reperfusion in Patients With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Götberg Matthias , Olivecrona Göran K. , Koul Sasha , Carlsson Marcus , Engblom Henrik , Ugander Martin , van der Pals Jesper , Algotsson Lars , Arheden Håkan , Erlinge David 
Published: August 2010

Background—
Experimental studies have shown that induction of hypothermia before reperfusion of acute coronary occlusion reduces infarct size. Previous clinical studies, however, have not been able to show this effect, which is believed to be mainly because therapeutic temperature was not reached before reperfusion in the majority of the patients. We aimed to evaluate the safety and feasibility of rapidly induced hypothermia by infusion of cold saline and endovascular cooling catheter before reperfusion in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

Methods and Results—

Twenty patients with acute myocardial infarction scheduled to undergo primary percutaneous coronary intervention were enrolled in this prospective, randomized study. After 4±2 days, myocardium at risk and infarct size were assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance using T2-weighted imaging and late gadolinium enhancement imaging, respectively. A core body temperature of <35°C (34.7±0.3°C) was achieved before reperfusion without significant delay in door-to-balloon time (43±7 minutes versus 40±6 minutes, hypothermia versus control,
P
=0.12). Despite similar duration of ischemia (174±51 minutes versus 174±62 minutes, hypothermia versus control,
P
=1.00), infarct size normalized to myocardium at risk was reduced by 38% in the hypothermia group compared with the control group (29.8±12.6% versus 48.0±21.6%,
P
=0.041). This was supported by a significant decrease in both peak and cumulative release of Troponin T in the hypothermia group (
P
=0.01 and
P
=0.03, respectively).

Conclusions—
The protocol demonstrates the ability to reach a core body temperature of <35°C before reperfusion in all patients without delaying primary percutaneous coronary intervention and that combination hypothermia as an adjunct therapy in acute myocardial infarction may reduce infarct size at 3 days as measured by MRI.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT00417638.
Risk of Cardiovascular Events and All-Cause Mortality in Patients Treated With Thiazolidinediones in a Managed-Care Population
Authors: Wertz Debra A. , Chang Chun-Lan , Sarawate Chaitanya A. , Willey Vincent J. , Cziraky Mark J. , Bohn Rhonda L. 
Published: August 2010

Background—
This study directly compares risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), acute heart failure (AHF), or all-cause death among pioglitazone- and rosiglitazone-treated patients in a managed-care population.

Methods and Results—

Patients ≥18 years of age, newly initiated on rosiglitazone or pioglitazone between January 1, 2001, and December 12, 2005, were included. The date of the first pharmacy claim for rosiglitazone or pioglitazone was defined as index date. Patients were excluded if they had <1 year continuous eligibility preindex or a preindex insulin claim. Primary outcome measure was time to composite event of AMI, AHF or death among pioglitazone- and rosiglitazone-treated patients. The National Death Index database was accessed to obtain date of death for patients who died during the study period. Propensity score matching was used to control for potential confounders. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate effects of exposure to rosiglitazone and pioglitazone on time to event. A total of 36 628 patients (58% male; mean age, 54 years) were identified. Of the rosiglitazone-treated patients, 602 (4.16%) had an AMI, AHF, or death compared with 599 (4.14%) propensity score–matched pioglitazone-treated patients. No significant difference was observed between matched groups for risk of composite event (hazard ratio, 1.03; 95% confidence interval, 0.91 to 1.15;
P
=0.666) when patients were followed from index date until end of study period, termination of enrollment status, or diagnosis of AMI/AHF/death.

Conclusions—
In this retrospective cohort study directly comparing rosiglitazone and pioglitazone with a propensity score–matched population that includes mortality data, no significant differences were found in the risk of AMI, AHF or death.
Invective at the Service of Encomium in the Dionysiaca of Nonnus of Panopolis
Authors: Miguélez-Cavero Laura 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThis paper analyses the presence of elements of invective (ψγος) in the Dionysiaca by Nonnus of Panopolis, who follows in general terms the structure of the βασιλικς λγος or imperial encomium. It contends that Nonnus uses invective to balance the panegyric and mock the genre in which he works.
Qumran Wisdom Literature and the Problem of Genre
Authors: Goff Matthew 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe Dead Sea Scrolls include several writings that can be reasonably identified as wisdom texts. But the compositions that are regularly so classified contain a range of diverse perspectives and themes, and this problematizes the search for a common ingredient that makes them readily identifiable as sapiential literature. There were ancient authors who composed instructional works steeped in older didactic traditions that are well represented by the book of Proverbs. Such works can be legitimately classified as wisdom. But their authors did not conceive of wisdom as a precise or specific genre and our means for identifying wisdom texts are subjective and somewhat loose.
Pesher: A Cognitive Model of the Genre
Authors: Williamson Robert Jr. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractEarlier models of the genre of the pesharim have tended either to subsume pesher into the genre of midrash, on the one hand, or to doubt its coherence as a genre due to a perceived lack of common features shared among all the member texts, on the other. Cognitive genre theory offers a way forward by challenging previous conceptions of the way genre categories are formed. Rather than fixed sets of texts belonging equally to a genre, cognitive theory proposes that genres are radial categories extending outward from a “prototypical” center toward a fuzzy boundary, with texts participating in the genre to varying degrees. A cognitive model of the pesher genre provides a flexible enough construction of the genre to account for the variation among the constituent texts, yet still firmly distinguishes the genre from other forms of Early Jewish literature through the concept of the idealized cognitive model (ICM) of reality that animates the genre.
Cloud-Top Properties of Growing Cumulus prior to Convective Initiation as Measured by Meteosat Second Generation. Part II: Use of Visible Reflectance
Authors: Mecikalski John R. , MacKenzie Wayne M. , König Marianne , Muller Sam 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThis study is a companion research effort to “Part I,” which emphasized use of infrared data for understanding various aspects of growing convective clouds in the Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) satellite’s Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI) imagery. Reflectance and derived brightness variability (BV) fields from MSG SEVIRI are used here to understand relationships between cloud-top signatures and physical processes for growing cumulus clouds prior to known convective initiation (CI) events, or the first occurrence of a ≥35-dBZ echo from a new convective cloud. This study uses daytime SEVIRI visible (VIS) and near-infrared (NIR) reflectances from 0.6 to 3.9 μm (3-km sampling distance), as well as high-resolution visible (1-km sampling distance) fields. Data from 123 CI events observed during the 2007 Convection and Orographically Induced Precipitation Study (COPS) field experiment conducted over southern Germany and northeastern France are processed, per convective cell, so to meet this study’s objectives. These data are those used in Part I. A total of 27 VIS–NIR and BV “interest fields” are initially assessed for growing cumulus clouds, with correlation and principal component analyses used to highlight the fields that contain the most unique information for describing principally cloud-top glaciation, as well as the presence of vigorous updrafts. Time changes in 1.6- and 3.9-μm reflectances, as well as BV in advance of CI, are shown to contain the most unique information related to the formation and increase in size of ice hydrometeors. Several methods are proposed on how results from this analysis may be used to monitor growing convective clouds per MSG pixel or per cumulus cloud “object” over 1-h time frames.
Evaluation of Budget Analyses during MISMO
Authors: Katsumata Masaki , Ciesielski Paul E. , Johnson Richard H. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
Results of sounding-derived heat and moisture budgets for the Mirai Indian Ocean Cruise for the Study of the MJO Onset (MISMO) project in 2006 are evaluated using observational and simulated datasets. Estimated rainfall rates from the budget analyses agree well with both the satellite-derived products and in situ rain gauge measurements in the period leading up to the convectively active phase of the MJO. During the active phase, however, large discrepancies are found in the temporal variation of the rainfall estimates on the time scale of a few to several days. Utilizing MJO circulations simulated by the two numerical models, a linear model and a high-resolution AGCM, it is revealed that this discrepancy may result from inability of the MISMO triangular network to properly capture the divergence associated with the Rossby and/or inertia–gravity wave components of the circulation. A rectangular array is demonstrated to be superior at capturing the wind associated with these wave disturbances. Possible effects of the equatorial waves and sampling issues, which could act to enhance or suppress the error in the present case, are discussed. The reliability of the budget analyses during the preactive period is also supported by both model simulations.
Relation between the 100-hPa Heat Flux and Stratospheric Potential Vorticity
Authors: Hinssen Yvonne B. L. , Ambaum Maarten H. P. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
It is shown that a quantitative relation exists between the stratospheric polar cap potential vorticity and the 100-hPa eddy heat flux. A difference in potential vorticity between years is found to be linearly related to the flux difference integrated over time, taking into account a decrease in relaxation time scale with height in the atmosphere.
This relation (the PV–flux relation) is then applied to the 100-hPa flux difference between 2008/09 and the climatology (1989–2008) to obtain a prediction of the polar cap potential vorticity difference between the 2008/09 winter and the climatology. A prediction of the 2008/09 polar cap potential vorticity is obtained by adding this potential vorticity difference to the climatological potential vorticity. The observed polar cap potential vorticity for 2008/09 shows a large and abrupt change in the potential vorticity in midwinter, related to the occurrence of a major sudden stratospheric warming in January 2009; this is also captured by the potential vorticity predicted from the 100-hPa flux and the PV–flux relation.
The results of the mean PV–flux relation show that, on average, about 50% of the interannual variability in the state of the Northern Hemisphere stratosphere is determined by the variations in the 100-hPa heat flux. This explained variance can be as large as 80% for more severe events, as demonstrated for the 2009 major warming.