bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiological characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of 586 cases of intussusception: a 4-year retrospective study in China
Authors: Zhang Lianzhi , Chen Xiaotong , Huang Yajun , Wang Guimei , Zhang Zhongxi , Song Zai 
Published: May 2024

ObjectiveThis study aims to retrospectively analyze the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of acute intussusception in a tertiary-care pediatric hospital in China over 4 years and evaluate the effectiveness and recurrence of fluoroscopy-guided pneumatic reduction (FGPR) and ultrasound-guided hydrostatic reduction (UGHR).MethodsThis retrospective study was conducted from January 2019 to December 2022 involving children admitted and managed for acute intussusception in a tertiary-care pediatric hospital in China. The epidemiology, clinical features, and therapeutic effects were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 20.0.ResultsThe study included 401 boys (68.43%) and 185 girls (31.57%) aged from 2 months to 12 years. The most common symptoms reported were abdominal pain or paroxysmal crying (95.73%), vomiting (45.39%), and bloody stool (7.34%). Vomiting and bloody stool became atypical with increasing age (P &lt; 0.001). The total success cases of reduction accounted for 563 cases (96.08%), and the recurrent cases accounted for 71 cases (12.12%). No significant difference was observed in the success or recurrence rates between FGPR and UGHR (P &gt; 0.05). Abdominal pain was an independent protective factor for successful enema (P &lt; 0.01, OR = 72.46), while bloody stool (P &lt; 0.01, OR = 0.06) and older age were independent risk factors (P &lt; 0.001, OR = 0.51). Of the 71 patients with recurrent intussusception, 29 were successfully reduced by enema, and the other 23 required surgical reduction. Twelve of the surgical cases were secondary intussusception, including three cases of Meckel's diverticulum, five cases of polyps, and four cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma.ConclusionThe epidemiological characteristics of children with intussusception in Xiamen showed peculiarity with a higher male-to-female ratio, older age at diagnosis, and no significant seasonality. Both FGPR and UGHR were effective and safe for intussusception, and surgical reduction was essential for patients with failed enema reduction.
Genome-wide association studies reveal novel QTLs for agronomic traits in soybean
Authors: Han Dongwei , Zhao Xi , Zhang Di , Wang Zhen , Zhu Zhijia , Sun Haoyue , Qu Zhongcheng , Wang Lianxia , Liu Zhangxiong , Zhu Xu , Yuan Ming 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionSoybean, as a globally significant crop, has garnered substantial attention due to its agricultural importance. The utilization of molecular approaches to enhance grain yield in soybean has gained popularity.MethodsIn this study, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using 156 Chinese soybean accessions over a two-year period. We employed the general linear model (GLM) and the mixed linear model (MLM) to analyze three agronomic traits: pod number, grain number, and grain weight. ResultsOur findings revealed significant associations between qgPNpP-98, qgGNpP-89 and qgHGW-85 QTLs and pod number, grain number, and grain weight, respectively. These QTLs were identified on chromosome 16, a region spanning 413171bp exhibited associations with all three traits. DiscussionThese QTL markers identified in this study hold potential for improving yield and agronomic traits through marker-assisted selection and genomic selection in breeding programs.
The influence of adverse childhood experiences and depression on addiction severity among methamphetamine users: exploring the role of perseveration
Authors: Ko Cheng-Hung , Lu Yung-Chin , Lee Chun-Hung , Liao Yu-Chi 
Published: May 2024

AimsThis investigation aimed to clarify the intricate relationship among depression, cognitive function, adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), and their combined influence on methamphetamine use disorder (MUD).MethodsUtilizing a battery of psychological tests, this study ascertained the impact of ACEs on the condition of 76 people with MUD who meet the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) criteria, aged 42.17 on average. The Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), Conners’ Continuous Performance-II (CPT-II), the self-report Severity of Dependence Scale (SDS), and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) were used for these evaluations. Individuals involved in the study were categorized into two discrete cohorts, mild (ME) and severe (SE), based on the extent of their ACEs exposure. This study employed the PROCESS regression, the independent t-test andχ2 tests for the analysis.ResultsThe findings revealed notable discrepancies in the psychological consequences between the two groups with different degrees of ACEs; however, no substantial differences were observed in the demographic parameters. The SE group exhibited elevated BDI-II scores, more evident indications of MUD, and a higher degree of CPT-II cognitive perseveration. The PROCESS model revealed that cognitive perseveration moderated the impact of depression on ACEs and subjective MUD severity, explaining 20.2% of the variance. The ACEs and depression predicted 28.6% of the variance in MUD symptoms. However, no statistically significant differences were detected between the two groups regarding the parameters in the IGT-2 assessment.ConclusionsThese results indicate that the interaction between cognitive and depressive factors mediates the effect of ACEs on subjective MUD severity but not on MUD symptoms. The ACEs significant impact on mental health severity perception is explained by cognitive and depressive factors. This implies that MUD treatment and rehabilitation should address cognitive dysfunction and developmental trauma.
Mindfulness, social evaluation anxiety, and self-regulation: exploring their association on impulsive behavior among athletes
Authors: Zhong Zhangyi , Jiang Hongyu , Wang Huilin , Liu Yang 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionAthletes, due to frequent physical interactions in competitive sports, are prone to impulsive behavior. Impulsive behavior is a prevalent psychological factor in sports, often leading to performance-affecting errors. This cross-sectional survey investigated the relationship between mindfulness and athletes’ impulsive behavior.MethodsWe sampled 403 athletes from youth training centers, universities, sports academies, and clubs in China using convenience and snowball sampling. Using AMOS v23, we analyzed the data with a structural equation model.ResultsOur structural equation model confirmed that mindfulness and self-regulation inversely correlate with impulsive behavior, while social evaluation anxiety positively correlates with impulsive behavior. Furthermore, self-regulation and social evaluation anxiety serve as intermediaries in the link between mindfulness and impulsive behavior.DiscussionsThis research suggests introducing mindfulness meditation practices in competitive settings to improve athletes’ social evaluation anxiety and enhance their self-regulation abilities, thereby boosting their psychological health and curbing impulsive behavior.
Novel insight into the genetic signatures of altitude adaptation related body composition in Tibetans
Authors: Li Xuguang , Xu Shilin , Li Xuemei , Wang Yuhe , Sheng Yemeng , Zhang Hengxun , Yang Wei , Yuan Dongya , Jin Tianbo , He Xue 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundThe Tibetan population residing in high-altitude (HA) regions has adapted to extreme hypoxic environments. However, there is limited understanding of the genetic basis of body compositions in Tibetan population adapted to HA.MethodsWe performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify genetic variants associated with HA and HA-related body composition traits. A total of 755,731 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped using the precision medicine diversity array from 996 Tibetan college students. T-tests and Pearson correlation analysis were used to estimate the association between body compositions and altitude. The mixed linear regression identified the SNPs significantly associated with HA and HA-related body compositions. LASSO regression was used to screen for important SNPs in HA and body compositions.ResultsSignificant differences were observed in lean body mass (LBW), muscle mass (MM), total body water (TBW), standard weight (SBW), basal metabolic rate (BMR), total protein (TP), and total inorganic salt (Is) in different altitudes stratification. We identified three SNPs in EPAS1 (rs1562453, rs7589621 and rs7583392) that were significantly associated with HA (p &lt; 5 × 10−7). GWAS analysis of 7 HA-related body composition traits, we identified 14 SNPs for LBM, 11 SNPs for TBW, 15 SNPs for MM, 16 SNPs for SBW, 9 SNPs for BMR, 12 SNPs for TP, and 26 SNPs for Is (p &lt; 5.0 × 10−5).ConclusionThese findings provide insight into the genetic basis of body composition in Tibetan college students adapted to HA, and lay the foundation for further investigation into the molecular mechanisms underlying HA adaptation.
Work-related musculoskeletal disorders: prevalence, associated factors, and impact on quality of life among kitchen workers in hospitality industry, Bahir Dar City, Northwest Ethiopia, 2023
Authors: Abebaw Tadiwos , Destaw Bikes , Yenealem Dawit Getachew , Tesfaye Amensisa Hailu , Melaku Christian , Mamaye Yimer , Bezie Anmut Endalkachew , Abere Giziew 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionWork-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are considered major public health problems globally, deteriorating the quality of life of workers in various occupations. Kitchen work is reported as among the occupations most prone to these maladies. Nevertheless, prevalence of WMSDs, contributing factors, and impacts on the quality of life of hospitality industry kitchen workers are insufficiently documented in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of WMSDs, their associated factors, and impact on the quality of life of hospitality industry kitchen workers in Bahir Dar city, Ethiopia.MethodsAn institution-based, cross-sectional study was conducted from 17 April to 17 May 2023. A total of 422 participants were included using a simple random sampling technique. WMSDs were evaluated using an interviewer-administered Nordic standardized questionnaire. The short form-36 questionnaire was used to assess quality of life. The data were collected using the Kobo tool box. SPSS version 26 software was used to perform both bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses. Independent t-tests were used to show the impact of WMSDs on quality of life scales across groups with and without WMSD symptoms.ResultIn this study, the response rate was 98.34% (n = 415). The 1-year prevalence of WMSDs among kitchen workers was 82.7% [95% CI: (79.1, 86.3)]. Age group between 30 and 39 years [AOR: 2.81; 95% CI: (1.46–5.41)], job dissatisfaction [AOR: 2.45; 95% CI: (1.34–4.45)], anxiety [AOR: 2.26; 95% CI: (1.12–4.52)], prolonged standing [AOR: 3.81; 95% CI: (1.58–9.17)], and arm overreaching [AOR: 2.43; 95% CI: (1.34–4.41)] were significantly associated factors with work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Work-related musculoskeletal disorders had a significant impact on all quality of life dimensions, in which the mean SF-36 scores of participants with WMSDs were lower than those of their non-WMSD counterparts.ConclusionThis study revealed that the prevalence of WMSDs was relatively high. Age between 30 and 39 years, job dissatisfaction, anxiety, prolonged standing, and arm overreaching were identified as significant determinants of WMSDs among kitchen workers in hospitality industries. The presence of one or multiple WMSDs, in turn, is associated with worse quality of life dimensions of individuals.
The potential of virtual triage AI to improve early detection, care acuity alignment, and emergent care referral of life-threatening conditions
Authors: Gellert George A. , Kabat-Karabon Aleksandra , Gellert Gabriel L. , Rasławska-Socha Joanna , Gorski Stanislaw , Price Tim , Kuszczyński Kacper , Marcjasz Natalia , Palczewski Mateusz , Jaszczak Jakub , Loh Irving K. , Orzechowski Piotr M. 
Published: May 2024

ObjectiveTo evaluate the extent to which patient-users reporting symptoms of five severe/acute conditions requiring emergency care to an AI-based virtual triage (VT) engine had no intention to get such care, and whose acuity perception was misaligned or decoupled from actual risk of life-threatening symptoms.MethodsA dataset of 3,022,882 VT interviews conducted over 16 months was evaluated to quantify and describe patient-users reporting symptoms of five potentially life-threatening conditions whose pre-triage healthcare intention was other than seeking urgent care, including myocardial infarction, stroke, asthma exacerbation, pneumonia, and pulmonary embolism.ResultsHealthcare intent data was obtained for 12,101 VT patient-user interviews. Across all five conditions a weighted mean of 38.5% of individuals whose VT indicated a condition requiring emergency care had no pre-triage intent to consult a physician. Furthermore, 61.5% intending to possibly consult a physician had no intent to seek emergency medical care. After adjustment for 13% VT safety over-triage/referral to ED, a weighted mean of 33.5% of patient-users had no intent to seek professional care, and 53.5% had no intent to seek emergency care.ConclusionAI-based VT may offer a vehicle for early detection and care acuity alignment of severe evolving pathology by engaging patients who believe their symptoms are not serious, and for accelerating care referral and delivery for life-threatening conditions where patient misunderstanding of risk, or indecision, causes care delay. A next step will be clinical confirmation that when decoupling of patient care intent from emergent care need occurs, VT can influence patient behavior to accelerate care engagement and/or emergency care dispatch and treatment to improve clinical outcomes.
Prevalence and determinants of poor sleep quality among diabetic patients in Ethiopia: systematic review
Authors: Abate Hailemicahel Kindie , Azagew Abere Woretaw , Nega Gashaw Adane , Birru Samuel Mersha , Mekonnen Chilot Kassa 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundPoor sleep quality can exacerbate many other physiological functions, such as obesity, cardiovascular disease, and high blood pressure. Although primary studies were conducted in Ethiopia, no studies concluded the pooled prevalence of poor sleep quality in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the pooled prevalence and its determinants of sleep quality among diabetes in Ethiopia.ObjectiveAssess the pooled prevalence and its determinants of sleep quality among diabetes in Ethiopia.MethodsThe studies were searched systematically using international databases from PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, Embase, and CINAHL. The quality of the articles searched was assessed using the New Castle Ottawa scale for a cross-sectional study design. Statistical analysis was performed using STATA version 14 and a systematic review was performed using a random effect model method. The Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Review and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guideline was followed for reporting results.ResultsFrom the total of 728 records screened, 8 studies with 2,471 participants who met the inclusion criteria were included in this systematic review. The estimated pooled prevalence of poor sleep quality in Ethiopia was 48.54%.ConclusionAlmost half of diabetes patients had poor sleep quality. The preparation of brochures on diabetic information and the organization of health education about the negative impact of poor sleep quality on patients are among the best modalities to improve the problem of poor sleep quality.
Mental health symptoms and associated factors among primary healthcare workers in China during the post-pandemic era
Authors: Liu Difei , Zhou Yuhe , Tao Xubowen , Cheng Yutong , Tao Rui 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundThe impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health among healthcare workers has been widely reported during the initial and ongoing phases of the COVID-19 pandemic. Yet, little remains known about the mental health status of primary healthcare workers in China during the post-pandemic era.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted between March 1, 2023, and May 31, 2023 in Anhui China. A total of 13,530 primary healthcare workers were recruited. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify potential factors associated with the incidence of depression and anxiety among primary healthcare workers.ResultsThe prevalence of depression and anxiety among primary healthcare workers was 50.7 and 26.4%, respectively. Multiple logistic regression revealed that female gender (OR = 1.345, 95%CI = 1.222–1.479), being divorced or widowed (OR = 1.432, 95%CI = 1.128–1.817), being a nurse (OR = 1.250, 95%CI = 1.126–1.388), and working more than 8 h per day (OR = 1.710, 95%CI = 1.583–1.846) were significantly associated with depression. A higher risk of anxiety among primary healthcare workers was associated with female gender (OR = 1.338, 95%CI = 1.198–1.494), being divorced or widowed (OR = 1.373, 95%CI = 1.056–1.770), being a nurse (OR = 1.139, 95%CI = 1.013–1.282), and working more than 8 h per day (OR = 1.638, 95%CI = 1.497–1.794). Better monthly income, more than 21 years of working experience and without experience of workplace violence were protective factors against depression and anxiety during the post-pandemic era.ConclusionDepressive symptoms are more common among primary healthcare workers in China during the post-pandemic era. Female gender, being divorced or widowed, being a nurse, working years, working seniority, monthly income, and experience of workplace violence were identified as associated factors. Targeted intervention is needed when developing strategies to reduce depression and improve primary healthcare workers’ wellness and mental health.
Effect of credit constraint on yield: the case of ginger producers in southern and central Ethiopia
Authors: Tilore Fetagn Gizachew , Shano Berhanu Kuma , Shirko Alula Tafesse , Hawitibo Alemu Lambamo 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionThis research investigates the impact of credit constraints on the yield of smallholder ginger farmers in southern and central Ethiopia. It addresses the importance of understanding the relationship between credit constraints and agricultural productivity in smallholder farming systems.MethodsEmploying a cross-sectional dataset from 343 randomly selected households, we utilized the endogenous switching regression model to address potential sample selection bias.ResultsThe analysis in the first stage showed that livestock holding, marital status, farm size, distance to credit source, and information access are primary determinants influencing the credit constraint status of smallholder ginger farmers. In the second stage, the analysis revealed that family size, farm size, and cooperative membership significantly affected ginger yield. Moreover, the average treatment effect suggests a significant impact of credit constraints on ginger yield, with credit-constrained farmers experiencing a greater positive effect compared to credit-unconstrained farmers. These findings highlight the complex relationships between credit constraints, socioeconomic factors, and agricultural yield in the context of smallholder ginger farming.DiscussionThe implications of this research extend to informing policy decisions and intervention strategies aimed at alleviating credit constraints and enhancing the overall yield and livelihoods of smallholder ginger farmers in the studied regions. Policy recommendations include prioritizing interventions to enhance ginger yield by promoting cooperative membership, improving access to credit sources, fostering livestock ownership, and reducing the distance to credit sources. Additionally, enhancing access to information for effective mitigation of credit constraints is crucial for boosting productivity in smallholder ginger farming.
Microbiota characterization throughout the digestive tract of horses fed a high-fiber vs. a high-starch diet
Authors: Raspa Federica , Chessa Stefania , Bergero Domenico , Sacchi Paola , Ferrocino Ilario , Cocolin Luca , Corvaglia Maria Rita , Moretti Riccardo , Cavallini Damiano , Valle Emanuela 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionDiet is one of the main factors influencing the intestinal microbiota in horses, yet a systematic characterization of the microbiota along the length of the digestive tract in clinically healthy horses, homogenous for age and breed and receiving a specific diet is lacking.MethodsThe study used 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing to characterize the microbiota of the intestinal tracts of 19 healthy Bardigiano horses of 14.3  ±  0.7  months of age fed one of two diets. Nine horses received a high-starch diet (HS), and ten horses received a high-fiber diet (HF). After 129  days, the horses were slaughtered, and samples were collected from the different intestinal tract compartments.Results and discussionThe microbiota alpha diversity indices were lower in the caecum, pelvic flexure and right dorsal colon of the horses fed the HS diet (False Discovery Rate, FDR  &lt;  0.05). The values of beta diversity indicated significant compositional differences between the studied intestinal tract compartments according to the diet received (FDR  &lt;  0.05). At the lower taxonomic level (genus or family), the HS diet was associated with a higher relative frequency of Enterobacteriaceae within the small intestine (jejunum and duodenum) (FDR  &lt;  0.05). Within the hindgut (caecum and sternal flexure), the HS diet was associated with lower relative frequencies (i.e., a smaller core community) of bacteria belonging to Fibrobacteraceae and Prevotellaceae (FDR  &lt;  0.05). Moreover, horses fed the HS diet displayed a higher relative abundance of Streptococcus in the caecum (FDR  &lt;  0.05) and Fusobacterium in the sternal flexure (FDR  &lt;  0.05), both of which are pathogenic bacteria responsible for inflammation diseases. Samples collected from the pelvic flexure and rectum of horses fed the HS diet showed significantly higher relative frequencies of Succinivibrionaceae (FDR  &lt;  0.05) – amylolytic bacteria associated with acidosis. The relative frequencies of the Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae were lower in the feces collected from the rectum of horses receiving the HS diet vs. HF diet, indicating smaller core communities of these bacteria (FDR  &lt;  0.05). Fibrous diets should be promoted to prevent dysbiosis of the microbiota associated with high-starch diet.
Densities of Eurasian Three-toed Woodpecker Picoides tridactylus and sap trees correlate across a latitudinal gradient in Sweden
Authors: Ferry Björn , Ekenstedt Johan , Green Martin 
Published: May 2024

Mapping of sap rows on trees has been proposed to detect the easily overlooked Eurasian Three-toed Woodpecker Picoides tridactylus in boreal forests. Sap rows have a distinct appearance that can be detected in the bark for many years. While it is well-established that Eurasian Three-toed Woodpeckers make sap rows on coniferous trees, it is uncertain whether they also make sap rows on deciduous trees, such as birches (Betula sp.), or if these are made by other woodpecker species. We collated data on woodpecker abundance from the Swedish Bird Survey’s fixed route monitoring scheme and correlated this with data on sap tree abundance from systematic searches in three different parts of Sweden. Assuming that species-specific woodpecker behaviours are similar across Sweden, we suggest that Eurasian Three-toed Woodpeckers are responsible for the majority of sap rows on birches in the central and northern parts of Sweden, while Great Spotted Woodpeckers Dendrocopos major made the few sap rows found in southern Sweden and likely some of those further north. With that caveat in mind, our findings might be used to develop a more efficient method of mapping Eurasian Three-toed Woodpecker abundance in Sweden.