bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Target Oriented Dynamic Adaption for Cross-Domain Few-Shot Learning
Authors: Chang Xinyi , Du Chunyu , Song Xinjing , Liu Weifeng , Wang Yanjiang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFew-shot learning has achieved satisfactory progress over the years, but these methods implicitly hypothesize that the data in the base (source) classes and novel (target) classes are sampled from the same data distribution (domain), which is often invalid in reality. The purpose of cross-domain few-shot learning (CD-FSL) is to successfully identify novel target classes with a small quantity of labeled instances on the target domain under the circumstance of domain shift between the source domain and the target domain. However, in CD-FSL, the knowledge learned by the network on the source domain often suffers from the situation of inadaptation when it is transferred to the target domain, since the instances on the source and target domains do not obey the same data distribution. To surmount this problem, we propose a Target Oriented Dynamic Adaption (TODA) model, which uses a tiny amount of target data to orient the network to dynamically adjust and adapt during training. Specifically, this work proposes a domain-specific adapter to ameliorate the network inadaptability issues in transfer to the target domain. The domain-specific adapter can make the extracted features more specific to the tasks in the target domain and reduce the impact of tasks in the source domain by combining them with the mainstream backbone network. In addition, we propose an adaptive optimization method in the network optimization process, which assigns different weights according to the importance of different optimization tasks. Extensive experiments on several benchmark datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our TODA method.
Koopman operator-based multi-model for predictive control
Authors: Ławryńczuk Maciej 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis work describes a new model structure developed for prediction in Model Predictive Control (MPC). The model has a multi-model structure in which independent sub-models are employed for the consecutive sampling instants. The model lifts process states into a high-dimensional space in which a linear process description is applied. Depending on the influence of the manipulated variables on lifted states, three general model versions are described and model identification algorithms are derived. As a result of the multi-model structure, model parameters are found analytically from computationally uncomplicated least squares problems using the Extended Dynamic Mode Decomposition algorithm, but the evolution of states over the horizon used in MPC is taken into account. Next, the MPC algorithm for the described model is derived. It requires solving online simple quadratic optimisation tasks. The effectiveness of three considered model configurations and three versions of the lifting functions is examined for a nonlinear DC motor benchmark. Their impact on model accuracy, complexity, possible control accuracy and MPC calculation time is thoroughly discussed. Finally, a more complex polymerisation reactor process is considered to showcase the practical applicability of the presented approach to modelling and MPC.
Pandemic Misery Index: How to Overcome the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic?
Authors: Lewkowicz Jacek , Woźniak Rafał 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCOVID-19 disrupted both social and economic development in several dimensions. Governments of the vast majority of countries implemented strategies to battle the pandemic and its negative consequences. The question is, which countries can be assessed as successful in that matter? In this study, we use empirical tools to investigate which governmental actions and state characteristics appear proper, as reflected by pandemic misery indices. The results of our study imply that fiscal measures taken solely are not enough to confront the negative outcome of the pandemic. Interestingly, a strong rule of law, high government effectiveness, and low corruption seem to help countries get through COVID-19. These conclusions may be useful for policymakers in the context of the current and future negative shocks.
Variational propensities: development and ultimate causes
Authors: Villegas Cristina 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis paper applies philosophical tools from the causalists/statisticalists debate to the evo-devo idea of variational tendencies as propensities biasing phenotypic change. It contends that variational properties are present in a statistical sense in some population dynamics models, particularly quantitative genetics ones, providing ultimate variational explanations. It further argues that these properties, contrary to some recent views, cannot be subsumed under natural selection. Finally, it advocates for a causalist interpretation of these explanations, where variational statistical properties indirectly refer to evo-devo’s variational propensities.
Wolf Warrior Spreads Superior: The narrative and effectiveness of Chinese public diplomacy behaviours on Twitter
Authors: Guo Linjiang , Qin Qian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSince 2013, when President Xi Jinping pioneered the concept of "telling China's stories well," the number of senior Chinese diplomats and state-affiliated media accounts on Twitter has increased. Different from the vague and evasive diplomatic parlance, some diplomats defend the policies of China in a relatively aggressive way, even sometimes resulting in online disputes with foreign politicians. They are labeled as "wolf-warrior diplomats," a term coined from the record-breaking Chinese nationalist action movie series Wolf Warrior. This paper investigates the effectiveness of China's "wolf warrior diplomacy" on audience engagement on Twitter and significant factors impacting communication effectiveness. Through the utilization of advanced offensive and humor detection algorithms, counterintuitively, this study finds that the wolf-warrior tweets improve Twitter audience engagement, though prior research pointed out that these tweets may bring out adverse feelings in some audiences. Moreover, it also unveils that providing more information and posting humorously on Chinese diplomatic Tweets can enhance their reach and dissemination.
Treading carefully: the environment and political participation in science education
Authors: Dunlop Lynda , Atkinson Lucy , Malmberg Claes , Turkenburg-van Diepen Maria , Urbas Anders 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPolitics and science are inextricably connected, particularly in relation to the climate emergency and other environmental crises, yet science education is an often overlooked site for engaging with the political dimensions of environmental issues. This study examines how science teachers in England experience politics—specifically political participation—in relation to the environment in school science, against a background of increased obstruction in civic space. The study draws on an analysis of theoretically informed in-depth interviews with eleven science teachers about their experiences of political participation in relation to environmental issues. We find that politics enters the science classroom primarily through informal conversations initiated by students rather than planned by teachers. When planned for, the emphasis is on individual, latent–political (civic) engagement rather than manifest political participation. We argue that this is a symptom of the post-political condition and call for a more enabling environment for discussing the strengths and limitations of different forms of political participation in school science.
Comparison of quality, dietary fiber and glycemic index of whole wheat breads using various modern and old wheats and investigate the effect of xylanase
Authors: Cetiner Buket , Koksel Hamit 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSix bread wheat varieties (modern wheats) widely grown in Turkey and nine different bread wheat varieties registered prior to 1970 (old wheats) were used in the present study. This study aimed to determine and compare the quality characteristics, dietary fiber contents and in vitro glycemic index of whole wheat breads produced using modern and old bread wheat varieties. The effect of xylanase on the quality, staling and dietary fiber content of whole wheat breads was also investigated. Mean sedimentation and modified sedimentation values, Farinograph development time, stability, quality number of whole wheat flours produced by modern wheats were higher than those of the old varieties. Whole wheat breads of modern varieties had higher mean volume and lower firmness values as compared to old varieties. Whole wheat breads of old wheat varieties had higher mean soluble dietary fiber content as compared to that of modern wheat varieties. Xylanase addition generally had an increasing effect on bread volume and soluble dietary fiber contents and a softening effect on firmness values. There were no significant differences between the mean (in vitro) glycemic index values of whole wheat breads produced from modern and old varieties. The results in the present study indicated that modern bread wheat varieties had better whole wheat bread making quality as compared with old bread wheat varieties. In addition, xylanase usage in whole wheat bread formula had an improving effect on whole wheat bread quality.
Single-center experience of thoracoscopic sympathectomy for palmar hyperhidrosis with long-term postoperative questionnaire survey
Authors: Kobayashi Megumi , Kumaya Yosuke , Hirayama Yasumiko , Oda Hiromi , Cho Hiroyuki , Huang Cheng-long 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Thoracoscopic sympathectomy is an effective treatment for palmar hyperhidrosis. However, compensatory hyperhidrosis occurs frequently as a postoperative complication of the procedure. The goal of this study was to elucidate the clinical significance of thoracoscopic sympathectomy using our surgical procedure.

Methods
Consecutive 151 patients who underwent thoracoscopic sympathectomy for palmar hyperhidrosis were studied. In addition, to investigate patients’ satisfaction and long-term quality of life, 111 patients were asked to complete a mailing questionnaire survey, and 84 responded (response rate of 75.7%).

Results
All of the 151 patients reported a reduction in palmar sweating during the immediate postoperative period. None of the patients had pneumothorax, hemothorax, Horner’s syndrome, or worsening of bradycardia. Based on the questionnaire, the surgical success rate was 98.8%. None of the patients had a recurrence of palmar hyperhidrosis during the long-term postoperative period. However, compensatory hyperhidrosis was reported in 82 patients (97.6%). In total, 94.0% of patients had high levels of postoperative satisfaction.

Conclusions
Thoracoscopic sympathectomy is an effective surgical treatment for palmar hyperhidrosis. By contrast, the careful preoperative explanation of compensatory hyperhidrosis is considered to be very important.
On the diameter of Cayley graphs of classical groups with generating sets containing a transvection
Authors: Garonzi Martino , Halasi Zoltán , Somlai Gábor 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA well-known conjecture of Babai states that if G is any finite simple group and X is a generating set for G, then the diameter of the Cayley graph Cay(G, X) is bounded by log ∣G∣c for some universal constant c. In this paper, we prove such a bound for Cay(G, X) for G = PSL(n, q), PSp(n, q) or PSU(n, q) where q is odd, under the assumptions that X contains a transvection and q ≠ 9 or 81.
Bounding p-Brauer characters in finite groups with two conjugacy classes of p-elements
Authors: Hung Nguyen Ngoc , Sambale Benjamin , Tiep Pham Huu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLet k(B0) and l(B0) respectively denote the number of ordinary and p-Brauer irreducible characters in the principal block B0 of a finite group G. We prove that, if k(B0)−l(B0) = 1, then l(B0) ≥ p − 1 or else p = 11 and l(B0) = 9. This follows from a more general result that for every finite group G in which all non-trivial p-elements are conjugate, l(B0) ≥ p − 1 or else p = 11 and $$G/{{\bf{O}}_{{p^\prime }}}(G) \cong C_{11}^2\, \rtimes\,{\rm{SL}}(2,5)$$
G
/

O

p
′

(
G
)
≅

C

11

2

⋊
SL
(
2
,
5
)
. These results are useful in the study of principal blocks with few characters.We propose that, in every finite group G of order divisible by p, the number of irreducible Brauer characters in the principal p-block of G is always at least $$2\sqrt {p - 1} + 1 - {k_p}(G)$$
2

p
−
1

+
1
−

k
p

(
G
)
, where kp(G) is the number of conjugacy classes of p-elements of G. This indeed is a consequence of the celebrated Alperin weight conjecture and known results on bounding the number of p-regular classes in finite groups.
Minimal Residual Disease-Adapted Therapy in Multiple Myeloma: Current Evidence and Opinions
Authors: Meseha Mina , Hoffman James , Kazandjian Dickran , Landgren Ola , Diamond Benjamin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a biologically heterogeneous malignancy with relatively uniform treatment paradigms. This review aims to assess the growing role of Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) assessment in facilitating response-adapted therapeutic decision making to individualize therapy in MM.

Recent Findings
MRD has been repeatedly demonstrated to provide strong prognostic information, superseding traditional IMWG response criteria. The use of MRD to modulate therapy remains controversial. Here, we review the existing landscape of MRD-adapted trial designs in both induction/consolidation and maintenance settings, including recent data from influential studies and retrospective analyses. We navigate existing data, leverage the increased resolution of longitudinal MRD assessments, and comment on trials in progress to explain our current utilization of MRD in the clinic.

Summary
MRD transcends traditional response assessments by providing a window into disease-treatment interaction over time. As a strong patient-level surrogate, MRD has limited current use in individualizing treatment, but is poised to comprehensively shape treatment strategies at many key points in a patient’s MM course.
Products of Selenite/Thiols Interaction Have Reducing Properties, Cleave Plasmid DNA and Decrease Rat Blood Pressure and Tension of Rat Mesenteric Artery
Authors: Grman Marian , Balis Peter , Berenyiova Andrea , Svajdlenkova Helena , Tomasova Lenka , Cacanyiova Sona , Rostakova Zuzana , Waczulikova Iveta , Chovanec Miroslav , Domínguez-Álvarez Enrique , Ondrias Karol , Misak Anton 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Selenium compounds exert their antioxidant activity mostly when the selenium atom is incorporated into selenoproteins. In our work, we tested the possibility that selenite itself interacts with thiols to form active species that have reducing properties. Therefore, we studied the reduction of 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1H-imidazol-1-yloxy-3-oxide radical (•cPTIO), damage of plasmid DNA (pDNA), modulation of rat hemodynamic parameters and tension of isolated arteries induced by products of interaction of selenite with thiols. We found that the products of selenite interaction with thiols had significant reducing properties that could be attributed mainly to the selenide and that selenite had catalytic properties in the access of thiols. The potency of thiols to reduce •cPTIO in the interaction with selenite was cysteine > homocysteine > glutathione reduced > N-acetylcysteine. Thiol/selenite products cleaved pDNA, with superoxide dismutase enhancing these effects suggesting a positive involvement of superoxide anion in the process. The observed •cPTIO reduction and pDNA cleavage were significantly lower when selenomethionine was used instead of selenite. The products of glutathione/selenite interaction affected several hemodynamic parameters including rat blood pressure decrease. Notably, the products relaxed isolated mesenteric artery, which may explain the observed decrease in rat blood pressure. In conclusion, we found that the thiol/selenite interaction products exhibited significant reducing properties which can be used in further studies of the treatment of pathological conditions caused by oxidative stress. The results of decreased rat blood pressure and the tension of mesenteric artery may be perspective in studies focused on cardiovascular disease and their prevention.
Aluminium Determination in Foodstuffs by ICP-MS: Influence of Microwave Digestion Parameters on the Recovery
Authors: Givelet Lucas , Amlund Heidi , Loeschner Katrin , Sloth Jens J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAluminium (Al) is the third most common element in the Earth’s crust and occurs naturally in drinking water and agricultural products, and humans are consequently exposed to the element from dietary sources. A tolerable weekly intake of 1 mg/kg has been established by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA); however, no maximum levels for aluminium in foodstuffs have so far been established in the European Union (EU) legislation. Official food control requires validated methods for the determination of aluminium. Acid digestion assisted by microwaves is the main sample preparation technique used for the determination of aluminium, usually in combination with atomic spectrometry for quantification. In the present study, different parameters in the digestion step were investigated including test portion, digestion temperature, the reagent used and duration of the digestion to assess the aluminium extraction. The presented work is following up on an observation from a proficiency test (PT) on trace elements (including aluminium) in cocoa powder organised in 2020 by the European Union Reference Laboratory for metals and nitrogenous compounds in feed and food (EURL-MN), where the participant results for aluminium showed an unexpectedly large variation. In addition to the PT material, different certified reference materials were included in the present study, and the results highlighted that the temperature and reagent used are the most critical parameters to obtain a satisfactory sample digestion prior to aluminium determination. Based on the obtained results, it is recommended to digest food samples with a mix of ultrapure water and nitric acid for 25 min at a temperature of at least 240 °C with a mix of HNO3 and H2O to achieve satisfactory microwave-assisted digestion.
High Energy Solutions for p-Kirchhoff Elliptic Problems with Hardy–Littlewood–Sobolev Nonlinearity
Authors: Goel Divya , Rawat Sushmita , Sreenadh K. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis article deals with the study of the following Kirchhoff–Choquard problem: $$\begin{aligned} \begin{array}{cc} \displaystyle M\left( \, \int \limits _{{\mathbb {R}}^N}|\nabla u|^p\right) (-\Delta _p) u + V(x)|u|^{p-2}u = \left( \, \int \limits _{{\mathbb {R}}^N}\frac{F(u)(y)}{|x-y|^{\mu }}\,dy \right) f(u), \;\;\text {in} \; {\mathbb {R}}^N,\\ u > 0, \;\; \text {in} \; {\mathbb {R}}^N, \end{array} \end{aligned}$$

M

∫

R

N

|
∇
u
|

p

(
-

Δ
p

)

u
+
V

(
x
)

|
u
|

p
-
2

u
=

∫

R

N

F
(
u
)
(
y
)

|
x
-
y
|

μ

d
y

f

(
u
)

,

in

R

N

,

u
>
0
,

in

R

N

,

where M models Kirchhoff-type nonlinear term of the form $$M(t) = a + bt^{\theta -1}$$

M

(
t
)

=
a
+
b

t

θ
-
1

, where $$a, b > 0$$

a
,
b
>
0

are given constants; $$1<p<N$$

1
<
p
<
N

, $$\Delta _p = \text {div}(|\nabla u|^{p-2}\nabla u)$$

Δ
p

=

div
(
|
∇
u
|

p
-
2

∇
u
)

is the p-Laplacian operator; potential $$V \in C^2({\mathbb {R}}^N)$$

V
∈

C
2

(

R

N

)

; f is monotonic function with suitable growth conditions. We obtain the existence of a positive high energy solution for $$\theta \in \left[ 1, \frac{2N-\mu }{N-p}\right) $$

θ
∈

1
,

2
N
-
μ

N
-
p

via the Pohožaev manifold and linking theorem. Apart from this, we also studied the radial symmetry of solutions of the associated limit problem.
Percutaneous ultrasound-guided cryoablation for early-stage primary breast cancer: a follow-up study in Japan
Authors: Kawamoto Hisanori , Tsugawa Koichiro , Furuya Yuko , Sakamaki Kaori , Kakimoto Sayoko , Kitajima Mina , Takishita Mariko Nagai , Tazo Mizuho , Nakano Mari Hara , Kuroda Takako , Shimo Ayaka , Shimo Arata , Kojima Yasuyuki , Tsuzuki Makiko , Motoyoshi Ai , Haku Ei , Nishikawa Toru , Kanemaki Yoshihide , Mimura Hidefumi , Fukuda Mamoru 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Ultrasound-guided percutaneous cryoablation (PCA) for early-stage breast cancer (ESBC) can be performed under local anesthesia in an outpatient clinic. This study continues a pilot stage to examine local control, safety, patient quality of life (QoL), satisfaction and cosmetic outcomes of cryoablation for ESBC.

Methods
PCA was performed under local anesthesia for patients with primary ESBC, followed by radiation and endocrine therapies. Oncologic outcomes were examined by imaging (mammography, ultrasound, MRI) at baseline and 1, 6, 12, 24, 36, and 60 months post-cryoablation. EQ-VAS, EQ-5D-5L, subjective satisfaction and Moiré topography were used to measure health-related QoL outcomes.

Results
Eighteen patients, mean aged 59.0 ± 9.0 years, mean tumor size 9.8 ± 2.3 mm, ER + , PR + (17/18), HER2-, Ki67 < 20% (15/18), underwent PCA and were followed for a mean of 44.3 months. No serious adverse events were reported, and no patients had local recurrence or distant metastasis in the 5-year follow-up. Cosmetic outcomes, satisfaction level, and QoL all improved post-cryoablation. Five-year average reduction rates of the cryolesion long, short, and depth diameters, on US, were 61.3%, 42.3%, and 22.8%, respectively, compared to the 86.2% volume reduction rate on MRI. The correlation coefficient between MRI and US measurement criteria was highest for the long diameter. During follow-up, calcification of the treated area was observed in 13/18 cases.

Conclusion
Cryoablation for ESBC is an effective and safe procedure with excellent cosmetic outcomes and improved QoL. This study contributes to the growing evidence supporting cryoablation as a potential standard treatment for ESBC, given compliance to pre-defined patient selection criteria.
Anlotinib inhibits growth of human esophageal cancer TE-1 cells by negative regulating PI3K/Akt signaling pathway
Authors: Liu Yueli , Li Fan , Wang Qiongyu , Zhang Yunfei , Tian Shuhong , Li Biao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAnlotinib is effective in treatment of many kinds of malignant cancer, but its antineoplastic effects on esophageal cancer remains unclear. This study aims to investigate its impact on esophageal cancer and the underlying mechanisms. Anlotiniband 5-fluorouracil + cisplatin (5-FU + DDP) was administered separately to human esophageal cancer TE- 1 cells tumor xenograft mouse models every 3 days. Tumor size and body weight were measured before each treatment and at the end of the experiment. In vitro studies were conducted using TE- 1 cells to examine the effects of Anlotinib. Cell viability, migration, proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, their regulatory proteins and the transcriptomic changes were analyzed. Anlotinib reduced tumor size, tumor weight, and the ratio of tumor weight to body weight in vivo. It decreased the viability of TE- 1 cells, with a 50% growth-inhibitory concentration of 9.454 μM for 24 h, induced apoptosis, and arrested TE- 1 cell cycle in the S phase. It inhibited migration and proliferation while negatively regulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Enhanced expressions of P21, Bax, and lowered expressions of cyclin A1, cyclin B1, CDK1, PI3K, Akt, p-Akt, and Bcl-2 were observed after Anlotinib treatment. Anlotinib exhibits antineoplastic activity against human esophageal cancer TE- 1 cells by negatively regulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, consequently altering the expressions of proteins related to proliferation, apoptosis, and the cell cycle.