bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
55 The impact of emotional disclosure as a form of therapeutic intervention on health-related outcomes and on the well-being of people with advanced disease: a systematic review
Authors: Kupeli Nuriye , Chatzitheodorou Georgia , Candy Bridget 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionTherapeutic emotional disclosure has been associated with positive psychological, physiological and behavioural changes.1In the form of expressive writing it commonly involves writing about a traumatic experience for 15 min over 3–5 consecutive days.2There is evidence that expressive writing in people with cancer may reduce pain and improve energy levels, sleep and psychological symptoms.3It has not been established in a review whether these interventions benefit people with advanced disease.AimsTo critique and pool the evidence from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and other comparative studies on the effectiveness of emotional disclosure in adults with advanced disease and to explore the text analysis of participant’s emotional disclosure.MethodFour databases (Pubmed, CENTRAL, CINAHL, PsycINFO), conference proceedings and a trials register were searched for relevant studies in March 2017. A combination of MeSH and free-text terms on emotional disclosure and end-of-life were used. Key review processes will be undertaken in duplicate. If appropriate meta-analysis will be considered.ResultsThe search identified unique 9014 citations. Screening these identified 33 potential relevant studies. Following full text review and contact with authors to clarify their sample population, nine studies on expressive writing met our inclusion criteria. Six were RCTs and three provide text analysis of emotional disclosure responses.ConclusionThis review is at data extraction phase, it will be completed (as part of an Msc) by September. The findings will provide best evidence on whether a relatively simple intervention can help improve the wellbeing of people with advanced disease.References. Pennebaker, J.W., 1997. Writing about emotional experiences as a therapeutic process. Psychological Science, 8(3), pp.162–166.. Pennebaker, J.W. and Beall, S.K., 1986. Confronting a traumatic event: toward an understanding of inhibition and disease. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 95(3), p.274.. Merz, E.L., Fox, R.S. and Malcarne, V.L., 2014. Expressive writing interventions in cancer patients: a systematic review. Health Psychology Review, 8(3), pp.339–361.
Modelled impact of virtual fractional flow reserve in patients undergoing coronary angiography (VIRTU-4)
Authors: Ghobrial Mina , Haley Hazel , Gosling Rebecca , Taylor Daniel James , Richardson James , Morgan Kenneth , Barmby David , Iqbal Javaid , Krishnamurthy Arvindra , Singh Rajender , Conway Dwayne , Hall Ian , Adam Zulfiquar , Wheeldon Nigel , Grech Ever D , Storey Robert F , Rothman Alexander , Payne Gillian , Tahir Muhammad Naeem , Smith Simon , Cooke Justin , Hunter Steven , Cartwright Neil , Sadeque Syed , Briffa Norman Paul , Al-Mohammad Abdallah , O’Toole Laurence , Rogers Dominic , Lawford Patricia V , Hose David R , Gunn Julian , Morris Paul D 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundThe practical application of ‘virtual’ (computed) fractional flow reserve (vFFR) based on invasive coronary angiogram (ICA) images is unknown. The objective of this cohort study was to investigate the potential of vFFR to guide the management of unselected patients undergoing ICA. The hypothesis was that it changes management in >10% of cases.MethodsvFFR was computed using the Sheffield VIRTUheart system, at five hospitals in the North of England, on ‘all-comers’ undergoing ICA for non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and chronic coronary syndrome (CCS). The cardiologists’ management plan (optimal medical therapy, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), coronary artery bypass surgery or ‘more information required’) and confidence level were recorded after ICA, and again after vFFR disclosure.Results517 patients were screened; 320 were recruited: 208 with ACS and 112 with CCS. The median vFFR was 0.82 (0.70–0.91). vFFR disclosure did not change the mean number of significantly stenosed vessels per patient (1.16 (±0.96) visually and 1.18 (±0.92) with vFFR (p=0.79)). A change in intended management following vFFR disclosure occurred in 22% of all patients; in the ACS cohort, there was a 62% increase in the number planned for medical management, and in the CCS cohort, there was a 31% increase in the number planned for PCI. In all patients, vFFR disclosure increased physician confidence from 8 of 10 (7.33–9) to 9 of 10 (8–10) (p<0.001).ConclusionThe addition of vFFR to ICA changed intended management strategy in 22% of patients, provided a detailed and specific ‘all-in-one’ anatomical and physiological assessment of coronary artery disease, and was accompanied by augmentation of the operator’s confidence in the treatment strategy.
Therapeutic Inducers of Natural Killer cell Killing (ThINKK): preclinical assessment of safety and efficacy in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant settings
Authors: Poirier Nicolas , Paquin Valérie , Leclerc Séverine , Lisi Véronique , Marmolejo Carolina , Affia Hicham , Cordeiro Paulo , Théorêt Yves , Haddad Elie , Andelfinger Gregor , Lavallée Vincent Philippe , Duval Michel , Herblot Sabine 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundAllogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) remains the standard of care for chemotherapy-refractory leukemia patients, but cure rates are still dismal. To prevent leukemia relapse following HSCT, we aim to improve the early graft-versus-leukemia effect mediated by natural killer (NK) cells. Our approach is based on the adoptive transfer of Therapeutic Inducers of Natural Killer cell Killing (ThINKK). ThINKK are expanded and differentiated from HSC, and exhibit blood plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC) features. We previously demonstrated that ThINKK stimulate NK cells and control acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) development in a preclinical mouse model of HSCT for ALL. Here, we assessed the cellular identity of ThINKK and investigated their potential to activate allogeneic T cells. We finally evaluated the effect of immunosuppressive drugs on ThINKK-NK cell interaction.MethodsThINKK cellular identity was explored using single-cell RNA sequencing and flow cytometry. Their T-cell activating potential was investigated by coculture of allogeneic T cells and antigen-presenting cells in the presence or the absence of ThINKK. A preclinical human-to-mouse xenograft model was used to evaluate the impact of ThINKK injections on graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). Finally, the effect of immunosuppressive drugs on ThINKK-induced NK cell cytotoxicity against ALL cells was tested.ResultsThe large majority of ThINKK shared the key characteristics of canonical blood pDC, including potent type-I interferon (IFN) production following Toll-like receptor stimulation. A minor subset expressed some, although not all, markers of other dendritic cell populations. Importantly, while ThINKK were not killed by allogeneic T or NK cells, they did not increase T cell proliferation induced by antigen-presenting cells nor worsened GvHD in vivo. Finally, tacrolimus, sirolimus or mycophenolate did not decrease ThINKK-induced NK cell activation and cytotoxicity.ConclusionOur results indicate that ThINKK are type I IFN producing cells with low T cell activation capacity. Therefore, ThINKK adoptive immunotherapy is not expected to increase the risk of GvHD after allogeneic HSCT. Furthermore, our data predict that the use of tacrolimus, sirolimus or mycophenolate as anti-GvHD prophylaxis regimen will not decrease ThINKK therapeutic efficacy. Collectively, these preclinical data support the testing of ThINKK immunotherapy in a phase I clinical trial.
0.25% bupivacaine–1% lidocaine vs 0.5% bupivacaine for ultrasound-guided infraclavicular brachial plexus block: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Aguilera Germán , Tabilo Camilo , Jara Álvaro , Aliste Julián 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionIn an effort to shorten onset time, a common practice is to add lidocaine to bupivacaine. In the setting of infraclavicular block, it is unclear what the block characteristics of this practice are compared with bupivacaine alone. We hypothesized that bupivacaine alone increases the duration of motor block, sensory block, and postoperative analgesia while resulting in a slower onset time compared with a bupivacaine and lidocaine mixture.Methods40 patients receiving ultrasound-guided infraclavicular brachial plexus block were randomly assigned to receive either 35 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine and 1% lidocaine or 0.5% bupivacaine, both associated with perineural adjuvants (epinephrine 5 µg/mL and dexamethasone 4 mg). After the block was performed, a blinded observer evaluated the success of the block, the onset time, and the incidence of surgical anesthesia. Postoperatively, a blinded observer contacted patients who had successful blocks to inquire about the duration of motor block, sensory block, postoperative analgesia, and the presence of rebound pain.ResultsWhen comparing patients having bupivacaine alone versus bupivacaine and lidocaine, the mean (SD) motor block duration was 28.4 (5.2) vs 18.9 (3.1) hours, respectively; the mean difference 9.5 hours (95% CI 6.5 to 12.4; p<0.001); the mean (SD) sensory block duration was 29.3 (5.8) vs 18.7 (4.0) hours, respectively; the mean difference 10.6 hours (95% CI 7.1 to 14.0; p<0.001); the mean (SD) postoperative analgesia duration was 38.3 (7.4) vs 24.3 (6.6) hours, respectively; the mean difference 14 hours (95% CI 9.2 to 18.8; p<0.001); and the median (IQR) onset time was 35 (15) vs 20 (10) min, respectively; p<0.001. No other significant differences were detected.ConclusionsCompared with mixed bupivacaine–lidocaine, 0.5% bupivacaine significantly prolongs sensorimotor block and postoperative analgesia at the expense of a delayed onset time.Trial registration numberNCT05834023.
Anastrozole Dose Escalation for Optimal Estrogen Suppression in Postmenopausal Early-Stage Breast Cancer: A Prospective Trial
Authors: Haddad Tufia C. , Suman Vera J. , Giridhar Karthik V. , Sideras Kostandinos , Northfelt Donald W. , Ernst Brenda J. , O’Sullivan Ciara C. , Singh Ravinder J. , Desta Zeruesenay , Peethambaram Prema P. , Hobday Timothy J. , Chumsri Saranya , Leon-Ferre Roberto A. , Ruddy Kathryn J. , Yadav Siddhartha , Taraba Jodi L. , Goodnature Barbara , Goetz Matthew P. , Wang Liewei , Ingle James N. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
We previously reported that postmenopausal women with estrogen receptor-α–positive breast cancer receiving adjuvant anastrozole 1 mg/day (ANA1) with estrone (E1) ≥1.3 pg/mL and estradiol (E2) ≥0.5 pg/mL [inadequate estrogen suppression (IES)] had a threefold increased risk of a breast cancer event. The objective of this study was to determine if increasing anastrozole to 10 mg/day (ANA10) could result in adequate estrogen suppression (AES: E1 &lt;1.3 pg/mL and/or E2 &lt;0.5 pg/mL) among those with IES on ANA1.

Patients and Methods:
Postmenopausal women with estrogen receptor-α–positive breast cancer planning to receive adjuvant ANA1 were eligible. E1 and E2 were assessed pre- and post-8 to 10 weeks of ANA1. Those with IES were switched to 8- to 10-week cycles of ANA10 followed by letrozole 2.5 mg/day. E1 and E2 were assessed after each cycle. Anastrozole concentrations were measured post-ANA1 and post-ANA10. Primary analyses included patients who documented taking at least 80% of the planned treatment (adherent cohort).

Results:
In total, 132 (84.6%) of 156 eligible patients were ANA1 adherent. IES occurred in 40 (30.3%) adherent patients. Twenty-five (78.1%) of 32 patients who began ANA10 were adherent, and AES was achieved in 19 (76.0%; 90% confidence interval, 58.1%–89.0%) patients. Anastrozole concentrations post-ANA1 and post-ANA10 did not differ by estrogen suppression status among adherent patients. AES was maintained/attained in 21 (91.3%) of 23 letrozole-adherent patients.

Conclusions:
Approximately 30% of ANA1-adherent patients had IES. Among those who switched to ANA10 and were adherent, 76% had AES. Further studies are required to validate emerging data that ANA1 results in IES for some patients and to determine the clinical benefit of switching to ANA10 or an alternative aromatase inhibitor.
Early Versus Late Initiation of Direct Oral Anticoagulants After Ischemic Stroke in People With Atrial Fibrillation and Hemorrhagic Transformation: Prespecified Subanalysis of the Randomized Controlled ELAN Trial
Authors: Rohner Roman , Kneihsl Markus , Goeldlin Martina B. , Hakim Arsany , Branca Mattia , Abend Stefanie , Valenzuela Pinilla Waldo , Fenzl Sabine , Rezny-Kasprzak Beata , Strbian Daniel , Trelle Sven , Paciaroni Maurizio , Thomalla Götz , Michel Patrik , Nedeltchev Krassen , Gattringer Thomas , Sandset Else C. , Bonati Leo , Aguiar de Sousa Diana , Sylaja P.N. , Ntaios George , Koga Masatoshi , Gdovinova Zuzana , Lemmens Robin , Bornstein Natan M. , Kelly Peter , Katan Mira , Horvath Thomas , Dawson Jesse , Fischer Urs ,   for the ELAN Investigators
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND:
Whether hemorrhagic transformation (HT) modifies the treatment effect of early compared with late initiation of direct oral anticoagulation in people with ischemic stroke and atrial fibrillation is unknown.

METHODS:
This is a post hoc analysis of the ELAN trial (Early Versus Late Initiation of Direct Oral Anticoagulants in Post-Ischaemic Stroke Patients With Atrial Fibrillation). The primary outcome was a composite of recurrent ischemic stroke, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, major extracranial bleeding, systemic embolism, or vascular death within 30 days. Secondary outcomes were the individual components, 30- and 90-day functional outcome. We estimated outcomes based on HT, subclassified as hemorrhagic infarction (HI) or parenchymal hemorrhage (PH) on prerandomization imaging (core laboratory rating) using adjusted risk differences between treatment arms.

RESULTS:
Overall, 247 of 1970 participants (12.5%) had HT (114 HI 1, 77 HI 2, 34 PH 1, 22 PH 2). For the primary outcome, the estimated adjusted risk difference (early versus late) was −2.2% (95% CI, −7.8% to 3.5%) in people with HT (HI: −4.7% [95% CI, −10.8% to 1.4%]; PH: 6.1% [95% CI, −8.5% to 20.6%]) and −0.9% (95% CI, −2.6% to 0.8%) in people without HT. Numbers of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage were identical in people with and without HT. With early treatment, the estimated adjusted risk difference for poor 90-day functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale score, 3–6) was 11.5% (95% CI, −0.8% to 23.8%) in participants with HT (HI: 7.4% [95% CI, −6.4% to 21.2%]; PH: 25.1% [95% CI, 0.2% to 50.0%]) and −2.6% (95% CI, −7.1% to 1.8%) in people without HT.

CONCLUSIONS:
We found no evidence of major treatment effect heterogeneity or safety concerns with early compared with late direct oral anticoagulation initiation in people with and without HT. However, early direct oral anticoagulation initiation may worsen functional outcomes in people with PH.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT03148457.
Placental Methylglyoxal in Preeclampsia: Vascular and Biomarker Implications
Authors: Vangrieken Philippe , Al-Nasiry Salwan , Remels Alex H.V. , Schiffers Paul M.H. , Janssen Emma , Nass Stefanie , Scheijen Jean L.J.M. , Spaanderman Marc E.A. , Schalkwijk Casper G. 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND:
Preeclampsia is a multifaceted syndrome that includes maternal vascular dysfunction. We hypothesize that increased placental glycolysis and hypoxia in preeclampsia lead to increased levels of methylglyoxal (MGO), consequently causing vascular dysfunction.

METHODS:

Plasma samples and placentas were collected from uncomplicated and preeclampsia pregnancies. Uncomplicated placentas and trophoblast cells (BeWo) were exposed to hypoxia. The reactive dicarbonyl MGO and advanced glycation end products (N
ε
-(carboxymethyl)lysine [CML], N
ε
-(carboxyethyl)lysine [CEL], and MGO-derived hydroimidazolone [MG-H]) were quantified using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The activity of GLO1 (glyoxalase-1), that is, the enzyme detoxifying MGO, was measured. The impact of MGO on vascular function was evaluated using wire/pressure myography. The therapeutic potential of the MGO-quencher quercetin and mitochondrial-specific antioxidant mitoquinone mesylate (MitoQ) was explored.

RESULTS:
MGO, CML, CEL, and MG-H2 levels were elevated in preeclampsia-placentas (+36%, +36%, +25%, and +22%, respectively). Reduced GLO1 activity was observed in preeclampsia-placentas (−12%) and hypoxia-exposed placentas (−16%). Hypoxia-induced MGO accumulation in placentas was mitigated by the MGO-quencher quercetin. Trophoblast cells were identified as the primary source of MGO. Reduced GLO1 activity was also observed in hypoxia-exposed BeWo cells (−26%). Maternal plasma concentrations of CML and the MGO-derived MG-H1 increased as early as 12 weeks of gestation (+16% and +17%, respectively). MGO impaired endothelial barrier function, an effect mitigated by MitoQ, and heightened vascular responsiveness to thromboxane A2.

CONCLUSIONS:
This study reveals the accumulation of placental MGO in preeclampsia and upon exposure to hypoxia, demonstrates how MGO can contribute to vascular impairment, and highlights plasma CML and MG-H1 levels as promising early biomarkers for preeclampsia.
Risk of Stroke in Women Using Levonorgestrel-Releasing Intrauterine Device for Contraception
Authors: Letnar Gasper , Andersen Klaus Kaae , Olsen Tom Skyhøj 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND:
The commonly used combined hormonal contraceptives with progestins and ethinylestradiol are associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke (IS). Progestin-only preparations, including levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine devices (LG-IUDs), are not associated with an increased risk, and in smaller studies, the risk is even reduced. The risk of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) has never been investigated. We studied the risk of IS and ICH in women using LG-IUDs compared with women not using hormonal contraceptives.

METHODS:
In this Danish historical cohort study (2004–2021), we followed nonpregnant women (18–49 years) registering incident IS and ICH in relation to use of LG-IUDs/nonuse of hormonal contraceptives utilizing Danish high-quality registries with nationwide coverage. Poisson regression models adjusting for age, ethnicity, education, calendar year, and medication use for risk factors were applied.

RESULTS:
A total of 1 681 611 nonpregnant women contributed 11 971 745 person-years (py) of observation. Mean age at inclusion was 30.0 years; mean length of follow-up was 7.1 years; 2916 women (24.4 per 100 000 py) had IS; 367 (3.1 per 100 000 py) had ICH. Of these, 364 784 were users of LG-IUD contributing 1 720 311 py to the investigation; mean age at start of usage was 34.6 years. Nonusers of hormonal contraceptives contributed 10 251 434 py; mean age at inclusion was 30.0 years. The incidence rate of IS/ICH among LG-IUD users was 19.2/3.0 and among nonusers, it was 25.2/3.1 per 100 000 py. After adjustment, incidence rate ratio for IS was 0.78 (CI, 0.70–0.88), and for ICH it was 0.94 (CI, 0.69–1.28).

CONCLUSIONS:
The use of LG-IUD was associated with a 22% lower incidence rate of IS without raising the incidence rate of ICH. The finding raises the question of whether levonorgestrel, in addition to its contraceptive properties, could have the potential to prevent IS.
Cross-lingual Cross-temporal Summarization: Dataset, Models, Evaluation
Authors: Zhang Ran , Ouni Jihed , Eger Steffen 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
While summarization has been extensively researched in natural language processing (NLP), cross-lingual cross-temporal summarization (CLCTS) is a largely unexplored area that has the potential to improve cross-cultural accessibility and understanding. This article comprehensively addresses the CLCTS task, including dataset creation, modeling, and evaluation. We (1) build the first CLCTS corpus with 328 instances for hDe-En (extended version with 455 instances) and 289 for hEn-De (extended version with 501 instances), leveraging historical fiction texts and Wikipedia summaries in English and German; (2) examine the effectiveness of popular transformer end-to-end models with different intermediate fine-tuning tasks; (3) explore the potential of GPT-3.5 as a summarizer; and (4) report evaluations from humans, GPT-4, and several recent automatic evaluation metrics. Our results indicate that intermediate task fine-tuned end-to-end models generate bad to moderate quality summaries while GPT-3.5, as a zero-shot summarizer, provides moderate to good quality outputs. GPT-3.5 also seems very adept at normalizing historical text. To assess data contamination in GPT-3.5, we design an adversarial attack scheme in which we find that GPT-3.5 performs slightly worse for unseen source documents compared to seen documents. Moreover, it sometimes hallucinates when the source sentences are inverted against its prior knowledge with a summarization accuracy of 0.67 for plot omission, 0.71 for entity swap, and 0.53 for plot negation. Overall, our regression results of model performances suggest that longer, older, and more complex source texts (all of which are more characteristic for historical language variants) are harder to summarize for all models, indicating the difficulty of the CLCTS task. Regarding evaluation, we observe that both the GPT-4 and BERTScore correlate moderately with human evaluations, implicating great potential for future improvement.
Relationship Between the Gut Microbiota and Neurological Deficits in Patients With Cerebral Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Bao Wangxiao , Sun Yun , Wang Juehan , Wei Shuang , Mao Lin , Zheng Jinjin , Liu Ping , Yang Xiaofeng , Chen Zuobing 
Published: May 2024

Objective The aim of the paper was to investigate the composition and structure of intestinal flora in patients with cerebral ischemic stroke (CIS), and to investigate the relationship between gut microbiota (GM) and different levels of stroke severity. Methods In this study, 47 CIS patients (16 mild, 21 moderate, and 10 severe) and 15 healthy controls were included. General information, clinical data, and behavioral scores of the enrolled subjects were collected. Deoxyribonucleic acid in fecal intestinal flora was extracted and detected using high-throughput Illumina 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid sequencing technology. Finally, the correlation between the community composition of intestinal microbiota and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score in CIS patients was analyzed. Results Compared with healthy controls, there was no statistically significant difference in Alpha diversity among CIS patients, but the principal coordinate analysis showed significant differences in the composition of the GM among stroke patients with different degrees of severity and controls. In CIS patients, Streptococcus was significantly enriched, and Eshibacter—Shigella, Bacteroides, and Agathobacter were significantly down-regulated ( P < .05). In addition, the relative abundance of Blautia was negatively correlated with the NIHSS score. Conclusions Our results show that different degrees of CIS severity exert distinct effects on the intestinal microbiome. This study reveals the intestinal microecological changes after brain injury from the perspective of brain–gut axis. Intestinal microorganisms not only reveal the possible pathological process and indicate the severity of neurologic impairment, but also make targeted therapy possible for CIS patients.