bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-operative management and immune function after splenic injury
Authors: Skattum J , Naess P A , Gaarder C 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBackgroundThere is still considerable controversy about the importance and method of preserving splenic function after trauma. Recognition of the immune function of the spleen and the risk of overwhelming postsplenectomy infection led to the development of spleen-preserving surgery and non-operative management. More recently angiographic embolization has been used to try to reduce failure of conservative management and preserve splenic function.MethodsA literature review was performed of the changing treatment of splenic injury over the last century, focusing on whether and how to maintain splenic immune function.ResultsNon-operative management continues to be reported as a successful approach in haemodynamically stable patients without other indications for laparotomy, achieving high success rates in both children and adults. Except for haemodynamic instability, reported predictors of failure of conservative treatment should not be seen as absolute contraindications to this approach. Angiographic embolization is generally reported to increase success rates of non-operative management, currently approaching 95 per cent. However, the optimal use of angioembolization is still debated. Splenic immunocompetence after angioembolization remains questionable, although existing studies seem to indicate preserved splenic function.ConclusionNon-operative management has become the treatment of choice to preserve splenic immune function. Current knowledge suggests that immunization is unnecessary after angiographic embolization for splenic injury. Identifying a diagnostic test of splenic function will be important for future studies. Most importantly, in efforts to preserve splenic function, care must be taken not to jeopardize patients at risk of bleeding who require early surgery and splenectomy.
Reperfusion strategies in the management of extremity vascular injury with ischaemia
Authors: Percival T J , Rasmussen T E 
Published: December 2011

Abstract

Background
Extremity injury with ischaemia is the most common pattern of vascular trauma and is a challenge for surgeons who must make decisions about the timing and mechanism of limb reperfusion. In modern military conflicts, effective use of limb tourniquets and rapid transport of the injured have increased the number of casualties who reach a medical service with potentially survivable vascular trauma. This report provides a review of extremity ischaemia and reperfusion following vascular trauma.

Methods
A review was undertaken of extremity vascular injury with ischaemia, including a focus on adjuncts aimed at reducing reperfusion injury and improving neuromuscular recovery and limb salvage.

Results
Findings from basic and clinical research support the need to restore perfusion to an ischaemic limb as soon as possible in order to achieve optimal neuromuscular recovery. Large-animal studies demonstrate that haemorrhagic shock worsens the impact of ischaemia on the neuromuscular structures of the limb and reduces the ischaemic threshold to as little as 1 h. Surgical adjuncts such as vascular shunts, fasciotomy, regional limb cooling and ischaemic conditioning may reduce the severity of ischaemic injury. Medical therapies have also been described including hypertonic saline, statins and ethyl pyruvate, which reduce the inflammatory response following limb reperfusion.

Conclusion
Contemporary translational research refutes a casual approach to extremity vascular injury with ischaemia, instead emphasizing expedited reperfusion. Surgical and medical adjuncts exist to expedite reperfusion and mitigate reperfusion injury. Additional research and development of these adjuncts is necessary to improve quality or functional limb salvage after vascular trauma.
ChemInform Abstract: Superstructure and Stacking Faults in Hydrothermal‐Grown KBe2BO3F2 Crystals.
Authors: Yu Jinqiu , Liu Lijuan , Jin Shifeng , Zhou Haitao , He Xiaoling , Zhang Changlong , Zhou Weining , Wang Xiaoyang , Chen Xiaolong , Chen Chuangtian 
Published: December 2011

AbstractCrystals of the title compound are hydrothermally grown and characterized by powder XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure Refinement and Bonding Patterns of CrB4: A Boron‐Rich Boride with a Framework of Tetrahedrally Coordinated B Atoms.
Authors: Knappschneider Arno , Litterscheid Christian , Kurzman Joshua , Seshadri Ram , Albert Barbara 
Published: December 2011

AbstractSingle crystals of the title compound are prepared from the elements using iodine as a mineralizer (silica ampule, 1027 °C, 14 d, 90% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Spectroelectrochemical Identification of a Pentavalent Uranyl Tetrachloro Complex in Room‐Temperature Ionic Liquid.
Authors: Ogura Toshinari , Takao Koichiro , Sasaki Kotoe , Arai Tsuyoshi , Ikeda Yasuhisa 
Published: December 2011

AbstractCyclic voltammetry of [emim]2UVIO2Cl4 in a 50:50 mol% mixture of [emim]Cl and [emim]BF4 at 298 K reveals the formation of [UVO2Cl4]3‐, which is kinetically stable and characterized by UV/VIS/NIR spectroscopy.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Rich Phosphides RE5Ir19P12 with Sc5Co19P12 Type Structure.
Authors: Pfannenschmidt Ulrike , Rodewald Ute Ch. , Hoffmann Rolf‐Dieter , Poettgen Rainer 
Published: December 2011

AbstractSingle crystals of the phosphides Ln5Ir19P12 (Ln: Sc, Y, La—Nd, Sm—Lu) are prepared by reaction of the elements in a Bi flux (Ta crucible, 1320 K, 100 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Immobilized Palladium Nanoparticles on a Silica—Starch Substrate (PNP‐SSS) as an Efficient Heterogeneous Catalyst for Heck and Copper‐Free Sonogashira Reactions in Water.
Authors: Khalafi‐Nezhad Ali , Panahi Farhad 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe presented highly effective catalyst prevents the aggregation of nanoparticles.
ChemInform Abstract: A Straightforward Approach Towards Functionalized γ‐Hydroxy and Heterocyclic Amino Acids.
Authors: Zahoor Ameer F. , Kazmaier Uli 
Published: December 2011

AbstractA chelated enolate derived from glycine ester (II) undergoes regioselective ring‐ opening with functionalized oxiranes to yield γ‐hydroxy acid derivatives which are easily oxidized to keto compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: C2‐Symmetrical Bipyridyldiols as Promising Enantioselective Catalysts in Nozaki—Hiyama Allylation.
Authors: Huang Xin‐Ren , Pan Xin‐Hong , Lee Gene‐Hsian , Chen Chinpiao 
Published: December 2011

AbstractCr‐bipyridinediol efficiently catalyzes the asymmetric NH allylation reactions of both aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: Enzymatic Synthesis of Optical Pure β‐Nitroalcohols by Combining D‐Aminoacylase‐Catalyzed Nitroaldol Reaction and Immobilized Lipase PS‐Catalyzed Kinetic Resolution.
Authors: Xu Fan , Wang Junliang , Liu Bokai , Wu Qi , Lin Xianfu 
Published: December 2011

AbstractNitroalcohols bearing electron‐withdrawing groups are resolved with excellent e.e.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Amino‐1,4‐benzoquinones and Their Use in Diels—Alder Approaches to the Aminonaphthoquinone Antibiotics.
Authors: Nawrat Christopher C. , Lewis William , Moddy Christopher J. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractTreatment of 2,5‐dimethoxyanilines with PhI(OAc)2 or PhI(O‐CO‐CF3)2 allows simple and convenient access to 2‐aminobenzoquinones.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Synthetic Methodologies. Part 229. An Efficient Synthesis of Vinyl Sulfones from Alkenes and Aryl Sulfinates.
Authors: Das Biswanath , Lingaiah Maram , Damodar Kongara , Bhunia Nisith 
Published: December 2011

AbstractStarting from terminal alkenes, a simple synthesis of vinyl sulfones is developed via addition of intermediate arylsulfonyl iodides.
ChemInform Abstract: Expanding the Scope of the Cu‐Assisted Suzuki—Miyaura Reaction.
Authors: Crowley Brendan M. , Potteiger Craig M. , Deng James Z. , Prier Christopher K. , Paone Daniel V. , Burgey Christopher S. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe addition of stoichiometric amounts of CuCl efficiently improves the coupling of aryl chlorides and of polyhalo or hindered arylboronates to give higher yields in a shorter time.
ChemInform Abstract: Cobalt‐Catalyzed Preparation of Arylindium Reagents from Aryl and Heteroaryl Bromides.
Authors: Adak Laksmikanta , Yoshikai Naohiko 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe arylindium compounds (II) undergo cross‐coupling with aryl iodides which allows efficient access to a wide range of biaryls.
ChemInform Abstract: Iridium‐Catalyzed Reactions of ω‐Arylalkanols to α,ω‐Diarylalkanes.
Authors: Obora Yasushi , Anno Yuka , Okamoto Ryuhei , Matsu‐ura Toyomi , Ishii Yasutaka 
Published: December 2011

AbstractA novel general synthesis of α,ω‐diarylalkanes is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Heck Reaction of Aryl Chlorides und Mild Conditions Promoted by Organic Ionic Bases.
Authors: Xu Hua‐Jian , Zhao Yong‐Qiang , Zhou Xin‐Feng 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe title reaction allows an efficient access to a number of stilbene and styrene derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Bromosuccinimide Promoted Cyclization of β‐Carboxymethyl Enamino Esters: Synthesis of Functionalized 4‐Amino‐2(5H)‐furanones.
Authors: Toum Valerie , Kadouri‐Puchot Catherine , Hamon Louis , Lhommet Gerard , Mouries‐Mansuy Virginie , Vanucci‐Bacque Corinne , Dechoux Luc 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBromocyclization of diesters (I) and (VI) affords furanone structures bearing one ester function.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium‐Catalyzed Olefin Isomerization/Enantioselective Intramolecular Alder‐Ene Reaction Cascade.
Authors: Okamoto Ryuichi , Okazaki Eri , Noguchi Keiichi , Tanaka Ken 
Published: December 2011

AbstractTreatment of substrates (I), (III), and (V) according to A) or B) allows an enantioselective access to dihydrobenzofuran derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: On‐Water Vinylogous Mukaiyama—Michael Addition of Heterocyclic 2‐Silyloxydienes to 1,2‐Diaza‐1,3‐dienes: One‐Pot Three‐Step Entry to Functionality‐Rich Pyrroles.
Authors: Battistini Lucia , Dell'Amico Luca , Sartori Andrea , Curti Claudio , Pelosi Giorgio , Casirgahi Giovanni , Attanasi Orazio A. , Favi Gianfranco , Zanardi Franca 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe title reaction sequence affords densely substituted pyrrole‐carboxylates in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Intermolecular Rauhut—Currier Reaction of Electron‐Deficient Allenes with Maleimides.
Authors: Zhao Qian‐Yi , Pei Cheng‐Kui , Guan Xiao‐Yang , Shi Min 
Published: December 2011

AbstractIn the presence of the quinidine‐derived β‐isocupreidine as organocatalyst, the products are obtained with good to high e.e.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Type of Bis(sulfonamide)‐Diamine Ligand for a Cu(OTf)2‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Friedel—Crafts Alkylation Reaction of Indoles with Nitroalkenes.
Authors: Wu Jing , Li Xincheng , Wu Fan , Wan Boshun 
Published: December 2011

AbstractWith aliphatic nitroalkenes, moderate yields and enantioselectivity are obtained.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Conjugate Addition of Alkenylboronic Acids to Indole‐Appended Enones.
Authors: Lundy Brian J. , Jansone‐Popova Santa , May Jeremy A. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractIt is found that (R)‐3,3‐I2‐BINOL and the derivative (R)‐BIN efficiently promote the title reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and n‐Type Field‐Effect Transistor Characteristics of Dioxopyrrolopyrrole Derivatives.
Authors: Suna Yuki , Nishida Jun‐ichi , Fujisaki Yoshihide , Yamashita Yoshiro 
Published: December 2011

AbstractDioxopyrrolopyrrole derivatives (III) and (V) are applied to organic field‐effect transistors as n‐channel semiconductors.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Michael/Mannich Polycyclization Cascade of Indolyl Enones Catalyzed by Quinine‐Derived Primary Amines.
Authors: Cai Quan , Zheng Chao , Zhang Jun‐Wei , You Shu‐Li 
Published: December 2011

AbstractAn intramolecular cascade Michael addition—Mannich reaction of indolyl methyl enones (I) and (V) is smoothly achieved in the presence of an epi‐quinine‐derived organocatalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial Screening of New Pyrazole (VI) and Pyrazoline‐5‐one Derivatives (III).
Authors: Nagaraju V. , Srinivasulu R. , Doraswamy K. , Ramana P. Venkata 
Published: December 2011

AbstractCompounds (IIId‐f) and (VIf) exhibit moderate to good antibacterial activities against S.
ChemInform Abstract: 1‐(4‐Nitrophenyl)‐4‐phenyl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazole vs. 5(6)‐Nitrobenzofuroxan Formation and Their Antifungal Activity.
Authors: Jain Manvi , Sharma Maneesh , Gaur Manoj , Ashok Tara Devi S. , Dureja P. , Eswaran S. V. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe synthesis of triazole derivatives (III) via Cu‐catalyzed “click” reaction of corresponding nitrophenylazides (I) with phenylacetylene is attempted.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antiproliferative Evaluation of 3,5‐Disubstituted 1,2,4‐Triazoles Containing Fluorophenyl and Trifluoromethanephenyl Moieties.
Authors: Wong Fung Fuh , et al. et al. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractAn 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition yields a series of triazoles by reaction of aldehydes (I) and (IV) with hydrazonoylchlorides (II) and hydroxylamine in the presence of a basic agent.
ChemInform Abstract: C—H Bond Functionalization with [RuH(codyl)2]BF4 Catalyst Precursor.
Authors: Li Wenbo , Arokiam Percia B. , Fischmeister Cedric , Bruneau Christian , Dixneuf Pierre H. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe presented cross‐coupling reaction strongly depends on the nature of both substrates and proceeds without formation of any metal‐salt waste.
ChemInform Abstract: Cascade Reaction of Isatins with Heterocyclic Ketene Aminals: Synthesis of Imidazopyrroloquinoline Derivatives.
Authors: Yu Fuchao , Yan Shengjiao , Hu Ling , Wang Yongchao , Lin Jun 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe reaction allows a simple and efficient access to biologically important imidazopyrroloquinoline and related compounds (27 examples).
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of a Series of New N‐Alkyl‐3‐hydroxypiperidine Derivatives Containing a Hemiketal.
Authors: Wang Haibo , Luo Hairong , Ma Xiaofeng , Zou Wei , Shao Huawu 
Published: December 2011

AbstractTitle compounds (II) containing a five‐membered hemiketal are stereoselectively synthesized from acetylmethyl sugars (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Cascade Reactions of Diazocarbonyl Compounds with Pyridinium Aroylmethylides Accompanied by Water or Benzoic Acid Elimination in the Cyclocondensation Step.
Authors: Dorokhov D. V. , Platonov D. N. , Suponitsky K. Yu. , Tomilov Yu. V. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe title reaction proceeds as a multistep process involving three ylide molecules and one diazo compound molecule.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Some Pyrazolines and Pyrimidines Derived from Polymethoxy Chalcones as Anticancer and Antimicrobial Agents.
Authors: Rostom Sherif A. F. , Badr Mona H. , Abd El Razik Heba A. , Ashour Hayama M. A. , Abdel Wahab Abeer E. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractChalcones (I) and (XI) are chosen as precursors for the synthesis of twentytwo derived pyrazole, pyrimidine, and thiazolopyrimidine ring structures.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile and Convenient Syntheses of Fluorine‐Containing Pyrido[2,3‐h]quinazolines and 1,7‐Phenanthrolines by Condensation Reactions of 6,8‐Bis(trifluoroacetyl)quinolin‐5‐amine with Carbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Hinoshita Mamoru , Shibata Dai , Hatakenaka Mizuki , Okada Etsuji 
Published: December 2011

AbstractA two‐step sequence involving the condensation of quinolin‐5‐amine (I) with aldehydes and ammonia followed by dehydrogenation with DDQ allows the synthesis of pyridoquinazolines (V), (VIII), and (X).
ChemInform Abstract: Biotransformation of a Taxadiene by Ginkgo Cell Cultures and the Tumor Multi‐Drug Resistant Reversal Activities of the Metabolites.
Authors: Xie Dan , Zhang Yi , Zou Jianhua , Yin Dali , Chen Xiaoguang , Dai Jungui 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBiotransformation of 2α,5α,10β‐triacetoxy‐14‐oxa‐taxa‐4(20),11‐diene by cultured Gingko cells affords three new metabolites (I)—(III) along with a known taxadiene derivative.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Novel Chenodeoxycholic Acid Thiosemicarbazone Derivatives.
Authors: Qiu Liying , Shi Zhichuan , Mei Qinggang , Zhao Zhigang 
Published: December 2011

AbstractSome of the title thiosemicarbazone derivatives (III) possess good inhibitory activities against S.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical Structures and Hepatoprotective Effects of Constituents from the Leaves of Salacia chinensis.
Authors: Nakamura Seikou , Zhang Yi , Matsuda Hisashi , Ninomiya Kiyofumi , Muraoka Osamu , Yoshikawa Masayuki 
Published: December 2011

AbstractEight new glycosides, foliachinenoside G (I), F (V), E (VI), I (VIIa), H (VIIb) and foliasalacioside J (II), K (III) and L (IV) are isolated along with 26 known constituents from the methanolic extract of title shrub leaves.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Acyclovir and HBG Analogues Having Nicotinonitrile and Its 2‐Methoxy 1,2,3‐Triazole.
Authors: Moustafa Ahmed H. , El‐Sayed Hassan A. , Haikal Abd El‐Fattah Z. , El Ashry El Sayed H. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractA series of title compounds of type (III) and (V) are prepared.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Synthesis of 2‐Chloro‐2′‐deoxyadenosine (Cladribine) (CdA).
Authors: Xu Shaohong , Yao Peng , Chen Gairong , Wang Hui 
Published: December 2011

AbstractA new efficient synthesis of cladribine (VI) is presented, which is a deaminase‐resistant drug.
Facile Synthesis of 5‐Trifluoromethyl‐2,4‐disubstituted Oxazoles via a Copper(II)‐Catalyzed and TBHP/I2‐Mediated Tandem Oxidative Cyclization
Authors: Wei Song , Yu Haigang , Chen Jie , Deng Hongmei , Zhang Hui , Cao Weiguo 
Published: December 2011

AbstractIn the presence of Cu(OAc)2·H2O, a variety of 5‐trifluoromethyl‐2,4‐disubstituted oxazoles were easily synthesized via t‐BuOOH (TBHP)/I2‐mediated tandem oxidative cyclization from readily available starting materials aryl methanamines and α‐trifluoroacetyl‐substituted ketones or esters under mild conditions. The mechanism was proposed.
Synthesis, Structure and Properties of Benzo[1,2‐f:5,4‐f′]‐diquinoline Derivatives: A Remarkably Strong Intramolecular CH···O Hydrogen Bond
Authors: Zhang Chun , Peng Xiaoxia , Chen Chuanfeng 
Published: December 2011

AbstractA series of benzo[1,2‐f:5,4‐f′]diquinoline derivatives were synthesized starting from 2,7‐diaminoanthracene, and their structures were determined by NMR, MS spectra and X‐ray analysis. They showed a remarkably strong intramolecular CH···O hydrogen bond, which resulted in an unexpected downfield chemical shift of the aromatic proton in CDCl3. Moreover, a significant fluorescent change of molecule 1b in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) was also observed.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Aminofluorination of Styrenes
Authors: Xu Tao , Qiu Shuifa , Liu Guosheng 
Published: December 2011

AbstractA novel palladium‐catalyzed intramolecular oxidative aminofluorination of styrenes has been developed by using NFSI as fluorinating reagent. This reaction represented an efficient method for the synthesis of 2‐aryl‐3‐fluoropyrrolidine derivatives.
Copper‐Catalyzed Cascade Acylation/Coupling Cyclization Process for the Synthesis of Polycyclic Fused Imidazo[2,1‐‐b][1,3]thiazinones
Authors: Wang Zhiming , Yu Bin , Zhang Xiuqin , Sun Xiaoqiang , Bao Weiliang 
Published: December 2011

AbstractA new and efficient cascade synthesis of polycyclic fused imidazo[2,1‐b][1,3]thiazinones has been developed. This protocol includes an intermolecular N‐acylation followed by a copper‐catalyzed intramolecular CS coupling reaction. The methodology is applied to a wide range of 2‐iodo, 2‐bromo, and 2‐chloro benzoyl chlorides to yield the polycyclic fused imidazo[2,1‐b][1,3]thiazinones in good to excellent yields.
Synthesis and Structural Determination of a Novel Heterometallic Complex [Sb2(edta)2‐µ4‐Co(H2O)2]·5.15H2O
Authors: Zhong Guoqing , Shen Juan , Jiang Qiying , Yu Kaibai 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe novel three‐dimension edta‐linked (edta=ethylenediamine‐N,N,N′,N′‐tetraacetate) heterometallic complex [Sb2(edta)2‐µ4‐Co(H2O)2]·5.15H2O has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, FT‐IR spectrum, X‐ray diffraction analyses and thermogravimetry‐differential scanning calorimetry (TG‐DSC). The complex crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P21/n, lattice parameters: a=0.69969(2) nm, b=2.08705(4) nm, c=1.08106(2) nm, β=90.031(1)°, V=1.57866(6) nm3, Z=2, Mr=1007.76, Dc=2.120 g·cm−3, F(000)=1001, µ=2.323 mm−1, the final R=0.0235 and wR=0.0629 for 3480 observed reflections [I>2δ(I)]. In the structure each Co(II) ion is connected with Sb(III) ions bridging by four carboxylic oxygen atoms, and in each [Sb(edta)]− anion, the Sb(III) ion is six coordinated by two nitrogen and four oxygen from edta ions, together with a lone electron pair at the equatorial position. In the complex, the coordination number of Co(II) ion is six and its coordination environment is composed of four carboxylic oxygen atoms from four different edta ions and two oxygen atoms from two H2O molecules. The degradation of the sample proceeds in several steps and the water molecules and ligands are successively emited.
Hydrogen Bond Networks of Three Cobalt Coordination Polymers Based on Bis(triazole) and Benzenebiscarboxylate Isomers
Authors: Qian Xin , Wang Ju , Cui Yanfeng , Li Baolong , Li Haiyan 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThree hydrogen bond networks of cobalt(II) coordination polymers {[Co(btp)2(H2O)2]·2(1,2‐Hbdc)·2H2O}n (1), {[Co(btp)(1,3‐bdc)(H2O)]·1.5H2O}n (2) and {[Co(btp)2(H2O)2]·(1,4‐bdc)}n (3) were synthesized by 1,3‐bis(1,2,4‐triazol‐1‐yl)propane (btp) and benzenedicarboxylate position isomers. Complex 1 is comprised of [Co(btp)2(H2O)]n2n+ 1D cation chains, 1,2‐Hbdc− anions and lattice water molecules. The structure of 2 is an undulated 2D (4,4) network. Two adjacent networks interpenetrate each other to form a new 2D double‐layers network which is sustained by the hydrogen bond interactions in 2. Complex 3 is comprised of [Co(btp)2(H2O)]n2n+ 1D cation chains and 1,4‐bdc2− anions. These [Co(btp)2(H2O)]n2n+ 1D cations and 1,2‐Hbdc−/1,4‐bdc2− anions form 2D hydrogen bond networks in 1 and 3. The thermal stabilities of 1, 2 and 3 were investigated.
Synthesis of Fluoroalkylated Allylic‐β‐hydroxyesters and Fluoroalkylated β,γ‐Epoxy Esters from Ethyl 3‐Hydroxy‐4‐pentenoate
Authors: Fang Xiang , Xiong Ying , Wang Qiong , Zhao Min , Wu Fanhong 
Published: December 2011

AbstractA sequential transformation of fluoroalkylated adducts obtained from ethyl 3‐hydroxy‐4‐pentenoate with fluorinated iodides was reported. The dehydrohalogenation of adducts was favored to give fluoroalkylated unsaturated β‐hydroxy esters in the presence of triethylamine. And intramolecular SN2 reaction products, fluoroalkylated β,γ‐epoxy esters, were obtained in 10% aqueous sodium carbonate solution.
Dynamics of the aortic arch submitted to a shock loading: Parametric study with fluid‐structure models
Authors: El Baroudi A. , Razafimahery F. , Rakotomanana L. 
Published: December 2011

SUMMARYThis work aims to present some fluid‐structure models for analyzing the dynamics of the aorta during a brusque loading. Indeed, various lesions may appear at the aortic arch during car crash or other accident such as brusque falling. Aortic stresses evolution are simulated during the shock at the cross section and along the aorta. One hot question was that if a brusque deceleration can generate tissue tearing, or a shock is necessary to provoke such a damage. Different constitutive laws of blood are then tested whereas the aorta is assumed linear and elastic. The overall shock model is inspired from an experimental jig. We show that the viscosity has strong influence on the stress and parietal moments and forces. The nonlinear viscosity has no significant additional effects for healthy aorta, but modifies the stress and parietal loadings for the stenotic aorta. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.