bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Total aorto‐ostial chronic occlusion of the right coronary artery successfully recanalized via retrograde approach
Authors: Londoño Juan C. , Singh Vikas , O'Neill William W. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractChronic total occlusions remain a technical challenge for interventional cardiologists. This group of lesions carries a decreased rate of success and continues to be an important reason for surgical revascularization. Recently, retrograde percutaneous coronary intervention of total occlusions via epicardial and septal perforators was introduced as an alternative approach when a previous antegrade attempt has failed. We describe a unique case where retrograde approach was used as the initial recanalization technique in the absence of a right coronary ostium.© 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Second‐Generation Iminoxylitol‐Based Pharmacological Chaperones for the Treatment of Gaucher Disease
Authors: Oulaïdi Farah , Front‐Deschamps Sophie , Gallienne Estelle , Lesellier Eric , Ikeda Kyoko , Asano Naoki , Compain Philippe , Martin Olivier R. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractA series of O‐alkyl iminoxylitol derivatives was synthesized and evaluated as β‐glucocerebrosidase (GCase) inhibitors. This structure–activity study shows a dramatic influence of the position of the alkyl chain (α‐C1, O2, O3, or O4) on human GCase inhibition. Remarkably, 1,2‐shift of the alkyl chain from C1 to O2 was found to maintain high inhibitory potency toward GCase as well as chaperone activity at sub‐inhibitory concentration (10 nM). Removal of the stereogenic center at the pseudo‐anomeric position led to shorter and more practical synthetic sequences. 2‐O‐Alkyl iminoxylitol derivatives constitute a new promising class of leads for the treatment of Gaucher disease by means of pharmacological chaperone therapy.
2‐Amino‐3,4,5‐Trimethoxybenzophenones as Potent Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitors
Authors: Chuang Hsun‐Yueh , Chang Jang‐Yang , Lai Mei‐Jung , Kuo Ching‐Chuan , Lee Hsueh‐Yun , Hsieh Hsing‐Pang , Chen Ying‐Jen , Chen Li‐Tzong , Pan Wen‐Yu , Liou Jing‐Ping 
Published: January 2011

AbstractA series of novel 2‐amino‐3,4,5‐trimethoxybenzophenone analogues exhibited excellent activity as tubulin polymerization inhibitors by targeting the colchicine binding site of microtubules. The lead compound 17 exhibited an IC50 value of 1.6 μM, similar to that of combretastatin A‐4 (IC50=1.9 μM). It also displayed remarkable anti‐proliferative activity, with IC50 values ranging from 7–16 nM against a variety of human cancer cell lines and one MDR(+) cancer cell line. SAR information indicated that the introduction of an amino group at the C2 position of benzophenone ring A and the C3’ position of benzophenone ring B play important roles in maximizing activity.
Thermodynamic Methods and Models to Study Flexible Metal–Organic Frameworks
Authors: Coudert François‐Xavier , Boutin Anne , Jeffroy Marie , Mellot‐Draznieks Caroline , Fuchs Alain H. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractMuch attention has recently been focused on a fascinating subclass of metal‐organic frameworks that behave in a remarkable stimuli‐responsive fashion. These soft porous crystals feature dynamic crystalline frameworks displaying reversible, large‐amplitude structural deformations under external physical constraints such as temperature, electric field or gas exposure. The number of reported syntheses of such materials is rapidly growing and they are promising for practical applications, such as gas capture, purification and fluid separation. Herein, we summarize the recently developed thermodynamic tools that can help understand the process of fluid adsorption and fluid mixture coadsorption in these flexible nanoporous materials. These tools, which include both molecular simulation methods and analytical models, can help rationalize experimental results and predict adsorption properties over a wide range of thermodynamic conditions. A particular focus is given on how these methods can guide the experimental exploration of a large number of materials and working conditions (temperature, pressure, composition) to help design efficient processes relying on fluid adsorption in soft porous crystals.
Extraordinarily Efficient Conduction in a Redox‐Active Ionic Liquid
Authors: Thorsmølle Verner K. , Rothenberger Guido , Topgaard Daniel , Brauer Jan C. , Kuang Dai‐Bin , Zakeeruddin Shaik M. , Lindman Björn , Grätzel Michael , Moser Jacques‐E. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractIodine added to iodide‐based ionic liquids leads to extraordinarily efficient charge transport, vastly exceeding that expected for such viscous systems. Using terahertz time‐domain spectroscopy, in conjunction with dc conductivity, diffusivity and viscosity measurements we unravel the conductivity pathways in 1‐methyl‐3‐propylimidazolium iodide melts. This study presents evidence of the Grotthuss mechanism as a significant contributor to the conductivity, and provides new insights into ion pairing processes as well as the formation of polyiodides. The terahertz and transport results are reunited in a model providing a quantitative description of the conduction by physical diffusion and the Grotthuss bond‐exchange process. These novel results are important for the fundamental understanding of conduction in molten salts and for applications where ionic liquids are used as charge‐transporting media such as in batteries and dye‐sensitized solar cells.
The emerging role of NO and IGF‐1 in early renal hypertrophy in STZ‐induced diabetic rats
Authors: Levin‐Iaina Nomy , Iaina Adrian , Raz Itamar 
Published: January 2011

AbstractBackgroundDiabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major complication of diabetes mellitus, and the most common cause of end‐stage renal disease. DN is characterized by early hyperfiltration and renal hypertrophy, which are associated with increased renal insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1) levels. The relationship between IGF‐1 and nitric oxide (NO) in DN is not established. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of NO system modulation on the IGF‐1‐mediated hypertrophy and hyperfiltration during the first week after diabetes induction.MethodsDiabetes was induced in rats by streptozotocin (STZ) injection. Diabetic rats were treated with NO synthase inhibitor L‐NG‐nitroarginine methyl ester (L‐NAME). Various serum IGF‐binding proteins (IGFBPs) and renal IGFBP1 expression was evaluated. Urine and plasma NO2 + NO3 level analysis was also performed.ResultsSTZ induced hyperglycaemia decreased plasma insulin levels and brought about a decrease in body weight. L‐NAME administration to diabetic rats significantly prevented renal hypertrophy and hyperfiltration. Serum IGFBP3, IGFBP4 and 30‐kDa IGFBP fraction were all significantly reduced in diabetic rats, compared with those in non‐diabetic control rats. However, the renal IGFBP1 mRNA expression in diabetic rats was significantly higher. These changes were accompanied by an increased in NO production. L‐NAME administration prevented the serum IGFBP decline, without significantly affecting the renal IGFBP1 mRNA expression.ConclusionsWe have shown that increased renal IGF‐1 and increased NO production during the very early stages of STZ‐induced DN are associated with renal hypertrophy and hyperfiltration in diabetic rats. Modulating the IGF‐1 availability to the kidney by nitric oxide synthase inhibition significantly reduced renal hypertrophy and hyperfiltration during the first week of STZ‐induced diabetes mellitus. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the early postnatal mouse superior cervical ganglion
Authors: Scholze Petra , Ciuraszkiewicz Anna , Groessl Florian , Orr‐Urtreger Avi , McIntosh J. Michael , Huck Sigismund 
Published: January 2011

AbstractHeteropentameric nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) mediate fast synaptic transmission in ganglia of the autonomic nervous system. It is undisputed that α3 and β4 are the predominant subunits in the superior cervical ganglion (SCG); however, reports on the presence of receptors that contain α4 have been controversial. Here, we have searched for the presence of α4‐containing nAChRs in the postnatal rat and mouse SCG. We now show by immunoprecipitation combined with radioligand binding that α4‐containing receptors constitute about 20% of hetero‐oligomeric nAChRs in postnatal Day 3 (P3) mice. However, already by P9, the level of α4 approaches zero. In contrast, the number of α4‐containing receptors is close to zero in the rat SCG at all times investigated. Deletion of the β2 subunit by using α5β2‐double knockout (KO) mice removes all α4‐containing receptors, suggesting that in the postnatal mouse SCG, α4 co‐assembles only with β2 but not with β4. α4β2 receptors are, on the other hand, up‐regulated in the SCG of P3 α5β4‐double KO mice, where they make up about 50% of receptors that bind [3H]‐epibatidine. Nonetheless, receptors on the surface of SCG neurons from α5β4‐double KO mice maintained for one to two days in culture comprise <10% of α4β2 and >90% of α3β2, as determined by patch clamp recordings with α4β2‐ and α3β2‐specific ligands. We propose that in the P3 SCG of wild type mice, α3β4 (±α5) represent about 62% of receptors, whereas 17% are α3β2β4, and 21% are α4β2 (±α5) receptors. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 71: 390–399, 2011
Ly6C supports preferential homing of central memory CD8+ T cells into lymph nodes
Authors: Hänninen Arno , Maksimow Mikael , Alam Catharina , Morgan David J. , Jalkanen Sirpa 
Published: January 2011

AbstractLy6C is a murine cell‐surface antigen expressed by plasma cells, subsets of myeloid cells and many T cells, including memory T cells. We previously documented that Ly6C crosslinking induces LFA‐1 clustering on naïve CD8+ T cells. Here, we show that in vitro and in vivo differentiation of naïve CD8+ T cells into central (Tcm) but not effector (Tem) memory T cells enhances Ly6C expression, and its crosslinking induces strong LFA‐1 clustering on Tcm. Blocking Ly6C function inhibits in vivo Tcm homing to LNs as efficiently as blocking L‐selectin but it does not potentiate the inhibition provided by blocking either L‐selectin or LFA‐1 function. Thus, Ly6C, L‐selectin and LFA‐1 all appear to be part of a common homing pathway. In vitro, Ly6C crosslinking enhances Tcm adherence to ICAM‐1 in the presence of CCL21. In summary, Tcm homing involves Ly6C, in addition to L‐selectin and LFA‐1, and appears to potentiate firm adhesion of Tcm to ICAM‐1 in synergy with a chemokine. We propose that Ly6C augments Tcm compartmentalization into LNs during their homing.
A poxviral homolog of the Pellino protein inhibits Toll and Toll‐like receptor signalling
Authors: Griffin Bryan D. , Mellett Mark , Campos‐Torres Antonio , Kinsella Gemma K. , Wang Bingwei , Moynagh Paul N. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractToll‐like receptor (TLR) signalling pathways constitute an evolutionarily conserved component of the host immune response to pathogenic infection. Here, we describe the ability of a virally encoded form of the Pellino protein to inhibit Toll‐ and TLR‐mediated activation of downstream Rel family transcription factors. In addition to inhibiting drosomycin promoter activation by Spätzle in Drosophila melanogaster cells, viral Pellino attenuates the activation of NF‐κB by TLR signalling components and by the TLR4 ligand, LPS, in human cells. We propose that viral Pellino, like mammalian Pellinos, contains a forkhead‐associated domain but differs from the mammalian forms in that it lacks a complete and functional RING‐like domain. We produce a homology model and present experimental data to support this model by demonstrating that, like mammalian Pellinos, viral Pellino can interact with IRAK‐1 via its forkhead‐associated domain, whereas unlike its mammalian counterparts, it fails to post‐translationally modify IRAK‐1. Furthermore, we demonstrate that viral Pellino can functionally antagonise the activity of human Pellino3S. Thus, our findings identify potential immunoevasive capabilities possessed by a poxviral homolog of the Pellino protein and add growing evidence for a likely role for Pellino proteins in Toll and TLR signalling.
IFN‐α‐producing PDCA‐1+Siglec‐H− B cells mediate innate immune defense by activating NK cells
Authors: Bao Yan , Han Yanmei , Chen Zhubo , Xu Sheng , Cao Xuetao 
Published: January 2011

AbstractB cells have multiple functions in adaptive immunity, including antibody production, antigen presentation and regulation of T‐cell responses. Recent evidences indicate that B cells have more subsets than previously thought and may have non‐classical functions, such as involvement in innate immunity and immune regulation; however, how B cells respond to microbial infection and elicit innate defense remain unclear. In this study, we identified a new subset of PDCA‐1+Siglec‐H−CD19+ B cells in mice during the early period of bacterial infection with Listeria monocytogenes. PDCA‐1+Siglec‐H−CD19+ B cells secreted large amounts of IFN‐α and thus facilitated IFN‐γ production and cytotoxicity function of natural killer (NK) cells via IFN‐α. B‐cell‐deficient Btk−/− mice were incapable of producing PDCA‐1+CD19+ B cells, and were more sensitive to L. monocytogenes infection. Adoptive transfer of PDCA‐1+CD19+ B cells to Btk−/− mice normalized their resistance to L. monocytogenes infection. Furthermore, we found that macrophages were essential for the inducible generation of PDCA‐1+Siglec‐H−CD19+ B cells via CD40‐CD40L ligation. Therefore, we have identified a new subset of PDCA‐1+Siglec‐H−CD19+ B cells, which enhances innate immune responses against bacterial infection by activating NK cells via secretion of IFN‐α.
Lymphotoxin‐β receptor‐independent development of intestinal IL‐22‐producing NKp46+ innate lymphoid cells
Authors: Satoh‐Takayama Naoko , Lesjean‐Pottier Sarah , Sawa Shinichiro , Vosshenrich Christian A. J. , Eberl Gérard , Di Santo James P. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe natural cytotoxicity receptor NKp46 is an activating receptor expressed by several distinct innate lymphoid cell (ILC) subsets, including NK cells, some γδ T cells and intestinal RORγt+IL‐22+ cells (NCR22 cells, IL‐22‐producing NKp46+ cell). NCR22 cells may play a role in mucosal barrier function through IL‐22‐mediated production of anti‐bacterial peptides from intestinal epithelial cells. Previous studies identified a predominant proportion of NCR22 cells in gut cryptopatches (CP), lymphoid structures that are strategically positioned to collect and integrate signals from luminal microbes; however, whether CP or other lymphoid structures condition NCR22 cell differentiation is not known. Programmed and inducible lymphoid tissue development requires cell‐surface‐expressed lymphotoxin (LT)α1β2 heterotrimers (provided by lymphoid tissue inducer (LTi) cells) to signal lymphotoxin‐β receptor (LTR)+ stromal cells. Here, we analyzed NCR22 cells in LTβR‐deficient Ncr1GFP/+ mice that lack organized secondary lymphoid tissues. We found that NCR22 cells develop in the absence of LTβR, become functionally competent and localize to the lamina propria under steady‐state conditions. Following infection of LTβR−/− mice with the Gram‐negative pathogen Citrobacter rodentium, IL‐22 production from NCR22 cells was not affected. These results indicate that organized lymphoid tissue structures are not critical for the generation of an intact and fully functional intestinal NCR22 cell compartment.
TET inducible expression of the α4β7‐integrin ligand MAdCAM‐1 on the blood–brain barrier does not influence the immunopathogenesis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
Authors: Döring Axinia , Pfeiffer Friederike , Meier Matthias , Dehouck Bénédicte , Tauber Silke , Deutsch Urban , Engelhardt Britta 
Published: January 2011

AbstractInhibiting the α4 subunit of the integrin heterodimers α4β1 and α4β7 with the mab natalizumab is an effective treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). Which of the two α4 heterodimers is involved in disease pathogenesis has, however, remained controversial. Whereas the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of MS, is ameliorated in β7‐integrin‐deficient C57BL/6 mice, neutralizing antibodies against the β7‐integrin subunit or the α4β7‐integrin heterodimer fail to interfere with EAE pathogenesis in the SJL mouse. To facilitate α4β7‐integrin‐mediated immune‐cell trafficking across the blood–brain barrier (BBB), we established transgenic C57BL/6 mice with endothelial cell‐specific, inducible expression of the α4β7‐integrin ligand mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule (MAdCAM)‐1 using the tetracycline (TET)‐OFF system. Although TET‐regulated MAdCAM‐1 induced α4β7‐integrin mediated interaction of α4β7+/α4β1− T cells with the BBB in vitro and in vivo, it failed to influence EAE pathogenesis in C57BL/6 mice. TET‐regulated MAdCAM‐1 on the BBB neither changed the localization of central nervous system (CNS) perivascular inflammatory cuffs nor did it enhance the percentage of α4β7‐integrin+ inflammatory cells within the CNS during EAE. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that ectopic expression of MAdCAM‐1 at the BBB does not increase α4β7‐integrin‐mediated immune cell trafficking into the CNS during MOGaa35–55‐induced EAE.
CX3CR1 defines functionally distinct intestinal mononuclear phagocyte subsets which maintain their respective functions during homeostatic and inflammatory conditions
Authors: Weber Benjamin , Saurer Leslie , Schenk Mirjam , Dickgreber Nina , Mueller Christoph 
Published: January 2011

AbstractIntestinal mononuclear phagocytes (iMNP) are critically involved in mucosal immunity and tissue homeostasis. Two major non‐overlapping populations of iMNP have been identified in mice. CD103+ iMNP represent a migratory population capable of inducing tolerogenic responses, whereas CX3CR1+ iMNP are resident cells with disease‐promoting potential. CX3CR1+ iMNP can further be subdivided based on differential expression of CX3CR1. Using CX3CR1GFP/+×RAG2−/− mice, we demonstrate that CX3CR1hi and CX3CR1lo iMNP clearly differ with respect to their morphological and functional properties. Compared with CX3CR1hi iMNP, CX3CR1lo iMNP are polarised towards pro‐inflammatory responses already under homeostatic conditions. During a CD4+ T‐cell‐induced colitis, CX3CR1lo cells accumulate in the inflamed mucosa and upregulate the expression of pro‐inflammatory cytokines and triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells‐1 (TREM‐1). In contrast, CX3CR1hi iMNP retain their non‐inflammatory profile even during intestinal inflammation. These findings identify two functionally distinct iMNP subsets based on differential expression of CX3CR1 and indicate an unanticipated stability of iMNP.
Highly Regioselective, Three‐Component Reactions of Diazoacetates with Anilines and β,γ‐Unsaturated α‐Keto Esters: 1,2‐Addition versus 1,4‐Addition
Authors: Zhu Yingguang , Zhai Changwei , Yang Liping , Hu Wenhao 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe highly regioselective, three‐component reaction of diazoacetates with anilines and β,γ‐unsaturated α‐keto esters is presented. Ammonium ylides obtained in situ from diazoacetates and anilines can be trapped by β,γ‐unsaturated α‐keto esters through two distinctly different pathways: 1,2‐addition or tandem 1,4‐addition/cyclization followed by one‐pot dehydration. The course of the reaction is highly dependent on the electronic nature of the diazoacetates. When α‐unsubstituted or α‐alkyl‐substituted diazoacetates are used as the substrates, the three‐component reaction proceeds efficiently, in a regiospecific 1,2‐addition manner, to afford densely functionalized β‐hydroxy α‐amino acid derivatives in high yields (71–94 %) and good diastereoselectivities. When α‐aryl‐substituted diazoacetates are used as the substrates, the three‐component reaction occurs smoothly to yield polysubstituted 2,3‐dihydropyrrole derivatives through tandem 1,4‐addition/cyclization followed by one‐pot dehydration. The high regioselectivity observed in the three‐component reaction can be rationalized on the basis of the hard and soft acids and bases (HSAB) principle.
Lipid synthesized by micro‐algae grown in laboratory‐ and industrial‐scale bioreactors
Authors: Makri Anna , Bellou Stamatia , Birkou Maria , Papatrehas Konstantinos , Dolapsakis Nikolas P. , Bokas Dimitrios , Papanikolaou Seraphim , Aggelis George 
Published: January 2011

AbstractTetraselmis sp. and Nannochloropsis oculata, cultivated in industrial‐scale bioreactors, produced 2.33 and 2.44% w/w lipid (calculated as the sum of fatty acid methyl esters) in dry biomass, respectively. These lipids contained higher amounts of neutral lipids and glycolipids plus sphingolipids, than phospholipids. Lipids of Tetraselmis sp. were characterized by the presence of eicosapentaenoic acid (that was located mainly in phospholipids), and octadecatetraenoic acid (that was equally distributed among lipid fractions), while these fatty acids were completely absent in N. oculata lipids. Additionally, lipids produced by 16 newly isolated strains from Greek aquatic environments (cultivated in flask reactors) were studied. The highest percentage of lipids was found in Prorocentrum triestinum (3.69% w/w) while the lowest in Prymnesium parvum (0.47% w/w). Several strains produced lipids rich in eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids. For instance, docosahexaenoic acid was found in high percentages in lipids of Amphidinium sp. S1, P. parvum, Prorocentrum minimum and P. triestinum, while lipids produced by Asterionella sp. (?) S2 contained eicosapentaenoic acid in high concentration. These lipids, containing ω‐3‐long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, have important applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries and in aquaculture.
Serratia marcescens SYBC08 catalase isolated from sludge containing hydrogen peroxide shows increased catalase production by regulation of carbon metabolism
Authors: Zeng Hua‐Wei , Cai Yu‐Jie , Liao Xiang‐Ru , Zhang Feng , Li Yu‐Lin , Zeng Xiang‐Kang , Zhang Da‐Bing 
Published: January 2011

AbstractA high‐catalase‐producing strain, which was isolated from sludge containing hydrogen peroxide, was identified as Serratia marcescens SYBC08 by 16S rDNA sequence analysis. Serratia spp. was reported as non‐spore‐forming bacterium (except S. marcescens spp. sakuensis), but in our study electron microscopic observation revealed that the strain did produce spores. The content of the main fatty acid C16:0 (14.8%) was significantly different from that of S. marcescens spp. sakuensis (33.2%) and S. marcescens spp. marcescens DSM 30121T (34.8%), and the biochemical characteristics were not identical to those of S. marcescens spp. sakuensis. We speculate that the relatively high catalase activity and the spore structures may enable the strain to survive in a hydrogen peroxide environment. The most suitable carbon and nitrogen sources for the catalase production by S. marcescens SYBC08 were citric acid and corn steep liquor powder. A strategy of carbon metabolism regulation to enhance the catalase production was exploited. In the 7‐L fermenter, catalase production (20 353 U/mL) obtained in the presence of glucose and citric acid was 1.68‐ and 1.31‐fold higher than that obtained in the presence of glucose or citric acid, at equimolar carbon concentration. This production yield was much higher than that of many catalase‐producing strains, but only slightly lower than the production by Micrococcus luteus (34 601 U/mL). The results suggest that the new spore‐forming S. marcescens SYBC08 is a potential candidate for the production of catalase.