bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing depression detection: A multimodal approach with text extension and content fusion
Authors: Chen Jinyan , Liu Shuxian , Xu Meijia , Wang Peicheng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundWith ubiquitous social media platforms, people express their thoughts and emotions, making social media data valuable for studying and detecting depression symptoms.ObjectiveFirst, we detect depression by leveraging textual, visual, and auxiliary features from the Weibo social media platform. Second, we aim to comprehend the reasons behind the model's results, particularly in medicine, where trust is crucial.MethodsTo address challenges such as varying text lengths and abundant social media data, we employ a text extension technique to standardize text length, enhancing model robustness and semantic feature learning accuracy. We utilize tree‐long short‐term memory and bidirectional gate recurrent unit models to capture long‐term and short‐term dependencies in text data, respectively. To extract emotional features from images, the integration of optical character recognition (OCR) technology with an emotion lexicon is employed, addressing the limitations of OCR technology in accuracy when dealing with complex or blurred text. In addition, auxiliary features based on social behaviour are introduced. These modalities’ output features are fed into an attention fusion network for effective depression indicators.ResultsExtensive experiments validate our methodology, showing a precision of 0.987 and recall rate of 0.97 in depression detection tasks.ConclusionsBy leveraging text, images, and auxiliary features from Weibo, we develop text picture sentiment auxiliary (TPSA), a novel depression detection model. we ascertained that the emotional features extracted from images and text play a pivotal role in depression detection, providing valuable insights for the detection and assessment of the psychological disorder.
Sources of attitudes towards parent–child co‐sleeping and their effects: A systematic scoping review
Authors: Kruse Sarah P. , D'Souza Levita , Tuncer Hannah G. G. , Stewart Sandra E. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractParent–child co‐sleeping is a common practice in many cultures, although in Western countries, families who engage in parent–child co‐sleeping can encounter attitudes about co‐sleeping that feel critical from the people around them, as it is not commonly accepted and often stigmatized. This systematic scoping review examined and synthesized the available literature on the attitudes about parent–child co‐sleeping that people encounter, their origins, and their effect on parents' own attitudes and behaviors. A total of 9796 abstracts were screened, and 33 studies were included. While the scope of the literature on this topic was narrow, this review demonstrated that parents/caregivers mostly encounter encouraging attitudes about co‐sleeping from their extended family members and within their culture and discouraging attitudes from healthcare professionals. Findings suggest that encouraging attitudes enhance the likelihood of parents engaging and continuing with co‐sleeping behavior, while discouraging attitudes can lead to the avoidance of parents discussing sleep with their healthcare professionals and can cause conflicts with other family members, including partners. Based on these findings, we conclude that further research is needed in several areas related to co‐sleeping in Western culture, most specifically in how external attitudes influence the decision to co‐sleep, as well as other behaviors and cognitions such as engagement with healthcare professionals, family satisfaction, parental self‐efficacy, and overall mental health.
Quantitative study on the influence of strain amplitude on deformation mechanisms and cracking modes during cyclic torsion of AZ31 magnesium alloy
Authors: Li Tianjiao , Jing Weichao , Zheng Jiang , He Liuyong , Xia Lihong , Gupta Manoj , Jiang Bin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe influence of strain amplitude on deformation mechanisms and cracking modes during cyclic torsion of the AZ31 magnesium (Mg) alloy was quantitatively investigated via EBSD‐SEM characterization. At 0.42% strain amplitude, basal slip was the dominated deformation mechanism throughout the entire fatigue life. At 1.732% strain amplitude, the activation of deformation mechanisms was featured by the periodic transition: tension twinning + basal slip (during counterclockwise torsion) then detwinning + tension twinning + basal slip (during reverse torsion). Moreover, cracking along slip traces (ST) and tension twins (TTW) were the primary cracking modes at 0.42% and 1.732% strain amplitude, respectively. ST cracking and TTW cracking preferentially appeared in soft‐oriented grains for basal slip and tension twinning, respectively. The underlying mechanisms governing the activation of various deformation mechanisms, cracking modes, and cyclic stress–strain responses were systematically discussed.
Predictive modelling reveals Australian continental risk hotspots for marine debris interactions with key threatened species
Authors: Smith Caitlin E. , Gilby Ben L. , van de Merwe Jason , Jones Jodi , Tait Heidi , Townsend Kathy A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAnthropogenic debris is a global threat that impacts threatened species through various lethal and sub‐lethal consequences, as well as overall ecosystem health. This study used a database of over 24,000 beach surveys of marine debris collated by the Australian Marine Debris Initiative from 2012 to 2021, with two key objectives: (1) identify variables that most influence the occurrence of debris hotspots on a continental scale and (2) use these findings to identify likely hotspots of interaction between threatened species and marine debris. The number of particles found in each beach survey was modelled alongside fifteen biological, social, and physical spatial variables including land use, physical oceanography, population, rainfall, distance to waste facilities, ports, and mangroves to identify the significant drivers of debris deposition. The model of best fit for predicting debris particle abundance was calculated using a generalized additive model. Overall, debris was more abundant at sites near catchments with high annual rainfall (mm), intensive land use (km2), and that were nearer to ports (km) and mangroves (km). These results support previous studies which state that mangroves are a significant sink for marine debris, and that large ports and urbanized catchments are significant sources for marine debris. We illustrate the applicability of these models by quantifying significant overlap between debris hotspots and the distributions for four internationally listed threatened species that exhibit debris interactions; green turtle (26,868 km2), dugong (16,164 km2), Australian sea lion (2903 km2) and Flesh‐footed Shearwater (2413 km2). This equates to less than 1% (Flesh‐footed Shearwater, Australian sea lion), over 2% (green sea turtle) and over 5% (dugong) of their habitat being identified as areas of high risk for marine debris interactions. The results of this study hold practical value, informing decision‐making processes, managing debris pollution at continental scales, as well as identifying gaps in species monitoring.
Acclimation to warmer temperatures can protect host populations from both further heat stress and the potential invasion of pathogens
Authors: Hector Tobias E. , Shocket Marta S. , Sgrò Carla M. , Hall Matthew D. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThermal acclimation can provide an essential buffer against heat stress for host populations, while acting simultaneously on various life‐history traits that determine population growth. In turn, the ability of a pathogen to invade a host population is intimately linked to these changes via the supply of new susceptible hosts, as well as the impact of warming on its immediate infection dynamics. Acclimation therefore has consequences for hosts and pathogens that extend beyond simply coping with heat stress—governing both population growth trajectories and, as a result, an inherent propensity for a disease outbreak to occur. The impact of thermal acclimation on heat tolerances, however, is rarely considered simultaneously with metrics of both host and pathogen population growth, and ultimately fitness. Using the host Daphnia magna and its bacterial pathogen, we investigated how thermal acclimation impacts host and pathogen performance at both the individual and population scales. We first tested the effect of maternal and direct thermal acclimation on the life‐history traits of infected and uninfected individuals, such as heat tolerance, fecundity, and lifespan, as well as pathogen infection success and spore production. We then predicted the effects of each acclimation treatment on rates of host and pathogen population increase by deriving a host's intrinsic growth rate (rm) and a pathogen's basic reproductive number (R0). We found that direct acclimation to warming enhanced a host's heat tolerance and rate of population growth, despite a decline in life‐history traits such as lifetime fecundity and lifespan. In contrast, pathogen performance was consistently worse under warming, with within‐host pathogen success, and ultimately the potential for disease spread, severely hampered at higher temperatures. Our results suggest that hosts could benefit more from warming than their pathogens, but only by linking multiple individual traits to population processes can the full impact of higher temperatures on host and pathogen population dynamics be realised.
Functional clinical motor performance tests to assess potential fall risks in patients with haemophilia: A case‐control study
Authors: Tomschi Fabian , Brühl Marius , Schmidt Alexander , Ransmann Pia , Strauss Andreas C. , Hilberg Thomas 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionPatients with haemophilia (PwH) are at increased risk of falls due to haemophilic arthropathy. Yet, studies on clinical tests associated with the risk of falling are scarce in PwH.Aims(1) To evaluate the feasibility of different clinical motor performance tests associated with the risk of falling in PwH; (2) to evaluate PwH's performance of these tests compared to a control group; (3) to identify possible influencing factors that affect performance.MethodsTwenty‐nine severe and moderate PwH (57.0 years, IQR: 48.0–61.5) and 29 healthy age‐ and BMI‐matched control participants (CG) performed 13 different clinical tests (SPPB, timed up and go, push and release, functional reach, single‐leg stance, knee and grip strength). Haemophilia joint health score (HJHS), kinesiophobia (TSK‐11), subjective physical performance (HEP‐Test‐Q), falls efficiency (FES‐I) and falls were assessed.ResultsNo adverse events occurred. PwH showed impaired performance in all clinical tests, a lower falls efficiency and a higher HJHS than CG. PwH with higher HJHS, lower HEP‐Test‐Q and higher TSK‐11 scores showed higher deficits. Largest discrepancies were observed in the single‐leg stance with eyes open and knee extensor strength, where orthopaedically majorly affected PwH showed worse performance compared to minorly affected PwH and the CG, respectively. The prevalence of ≥1 fall in the last year was 27.6% (PwH) and 10.3% (CG).ConclusionThese clinical tests are feasible in PwH. Impaired joint status, a high kinesiophobia and low physical performance impair performance. These tests can be used by clinicians for gaining specific information on functional motor abilities of patients.
Community health information needs assessment in the mid‐south region of the United States indicates new roles for public libraries
Authors: Lee Sohye , Singarella Irma , Bertz Christine , Hicks Kathryn , Elswick Susan , Jin Seok Won , Williams‐Click Y'Esha , Howard Jordan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundLibraries provide public access to information that may be used to inform healthcare decisions. Exploring the health information needs of library‐users could improve community health outcomes, especially during times of crisis like the COVID‐19 pandemic.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to identify the health information needs of library‐users to explore the potential role of libraries in advancing community health.MethodsA quantitative, descriptive, cross‐sectional survey was employed.ResultsOne hundred and fifty participants in the (Memphis) Tennessee metropolitan area, ranging from 18 to 84 years of age, completed the survey between September 2020 and April 2021. Most respondents reported seeking physical and mental health‐related information from libraries. In addition, nearly half of respondents reported delaying medical care due to risk of exposure to COVID‐19, cost or appointment issues.DiscussionStudy results indicated that there were urgent health information needs among library‐users in this community, that COVID‐19 further limited or delayed access to information, and that library‐users accessed health information during library visits.ConclusionPublic libraries have the potential to serve as information hubs to improve community health outcomes. Additional research should be conducted to collect qualitative community health information needs and the ways in which public library systems can address them.
Floral richness drives pollinator diversity after fire in upland forests and meadows of the Sierra Nevada, California
Authors: Tarbill Gina L. , White Angela M. , Sollmann Rahel 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
There are concerns over the effects of increasingly large and high‐severity fires that burn outside the local natural range of variation on ecosystem services and biodiversity.
Pollinators provide important ecosystem services in the dry forests of the western United States where they depend on open habitat created or maintained by frequent, low‐ to moderate‐severity fire.
We investigated the impact of burn severity on pollinator diversity in upland forest and meadow habitat at local (i.e., at the plot scale) and regional (burn severity class) spatial scales in the Sierra Nevada of California.
In meadows, pollinator richness declined with increasing burn severity, but in uplands, there was no significant effect of burn severity on pollinator richness. Absence of pollinators was more likely to occur in unburned or high‐severity uplands.
At the regional scale, we found that α was similar among burn classes in both habitats, although communities in burned uplands tended to be less even than unburned uplands. β was significantly higher in moderately burned than unburned upland habitat, but there were no significant differences in β for meadow habitats.
Because meadows tend to be both more diverse and more sensitive to the negative impacts of high‐severity fire than uplands, conservation measures for pollinators could prioritise the removal of encroaching conifer species that may increase fire severity in these systems.
Long‐term investigation and analysis of patulin occurrence in juice products in China
Authors: Zhu Ruiyu , Lin Haiyan , Shan Shuo , Mei Gang , Pan Hong , Zhao Chengyao , Wang Tianjiao , Chen Deng 
Published: June 2024

SummaryExcessive patulin contamination in fruit juice products pose a significant risk to human health. However, there is a notable absence of a comprehensive and long‐term survey regarding the contamination of patulin in fruit juices within the Chinese market. The present study revealed a discernible decline in the patulin contamination levels, which were as follows: 60% (33/55), 18.28% (17/93), 0% (0/122), 15.58% (12/77), and 0% (0/63) at various survey time dates (2014, 2016, 2018, 2020, 2022). Among them, 18.18% (in 2014), 6.45% (in 2016), and 3.90% (in 2020) of samples exceeded the maximum limit concentration of 50 μg/L, respectively. Despite the presence of varying levels of patulin contamination, the average daily intake of patulin across all years did not present a discernible risk to human health. This investigation offers valuable insights for evaluating the extent of human exposure to patulin and establishing regulatory measures to ensure the safety of juice products.
Releasing angiotensin I‐converting enzyme inhibitory (ACE‐I) peptides by Yamadazyma spp. in non‐fat milk
Authors: Devecioglu Dilara , Sarıakcalı Busra , Orhan Betul , Daskaya‐Dikmen Ceren , Ozcelik Beraat , Karbancioglu‐Guler Funda 
Published: June 2024

SummaryThe objectives of this study were to analyse the impact of both temperature and different isolates on microbial protease production ability and to examine the hypertensive effect of bioactive peptides (BAPs) that inhibit the angiotensin I‐converting enzyme released by fermentation of non‐fat milk. First, the ability of several Yamadazyma spp. isolates, which were previously isolated and identified from several sources, was screened in terms of the production of proteolytic enzymes at 15 and 25 °C. The effect of temperature on proteolysis activity of selected isolates was considerable, and incubation at 25 °C was favourable for protease production. Besides, combinations of three different isolates showed remarkable proteolytic activity during the incubation periods of 24, 48 and 72 h. The highest angiotensin I‐converting enzyme inhibitory (ACE‐I) activity was detected for the combination Yamadazyma spp. BO10 and B514‐1, with an inhibition of 92.5%. The partial purification of peptides by ultrafiltration (cut‐off 10 kDa) has no crucial impact on ACE‐I activity, and further purification might improve their effectiveness. The implications of fermentation with co‐culture may have symbiotic potential to increase the antihypertensive effect of the product. Therefore, these results suggest that Yamadazyma spp. may be used to produce functional products or bioactive peptides presenting health‐promoting attributes.
Uses of science communication and lived experience in intersex advocacy in Australia and New Zealand
Authors: Boglev Grace 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study analyses science communication in intersex advocacy, with a focus on the Australian and New Zealand context. The collective lived experience of intersex advocates creates a body of knowledge, which informs their evidence‐based activism. This research uses publicly available documents published by intersex advocacy groups and semi‐structured interviews with intersex advocates to determine their approaches to communication and the engagement strategies they use. The analysis shows that lived experience can be a compelling and convincing tool for science communication and advocacy; however, it can take an emotional and mental toll on advocates.
The role of drones in disaster response: A literature review of operations research applications
Authors: Yucesoy Ecem , Balcik Burcu , Coban Elvin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe increasing use of drones has led to growing interest in their potential applications in disaster response. In this study, we examine the role of drones in disaster management under three categories of operation types, which are information collection, delivery, and communication network recovery. Focusing on an operations research (OR) perspective, we analyze and summarize the important characteristics of different problem structures and highlight the solution approaches. We also identify gaps and limitations in the current literature and propose future directions for further investigation. Overall, the study provides a comprehensive summary and valuable insights for researchers and practitioners interested in exploring the use of drones for humanitarian purposes and developing OR‐based approaches to support decision‐making.
Evaluation of microembolic signals on carotid ultrasound during pulmonary vein isolation with high‐power short‐duration and cryoballoon ablations: When and where do bubble and solid emboli arise?
Authors: Mizutani Yoshiaki , Yanagisawa Satoshi , Ichikawa Mizuki , Nishio Keisuke , Sakai Hiroya , Nonokawa Daishi , Makino Yuichiro , Suzuki Hitomi , Ichimiya Hitoshi , Uchida Yasuhiro , Watanabe Junji , Kanashiro Masaaki , Inden Yasuya , Murohara Toyoaki 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe underlying risks of asymptomatic embolization during high‐power short‐duration (HPSD) ablation for atrial fibrillation remain unclear. We aimed to evaluate microembolic signals (MESs) during HPSD ablation with power settings of 50 and 90 W in comparison with those during cryoballoon (CB) ablation using a novel carotid ultrasound‐Doppler system that classifies solid and air bubble signals using real‐time monitoring.Methods and ResultsForty‐seven patients underwent HPSD ablation using radiofrequency (RF), and 13 underwent CB ablation. MESs were evaluated using a novel pastable soft ultrasound probe equipped with a carotid ultrasound during pulmonary vein isolation. We compared the detailed MESs and their timing between RF and CB ablations. The number of MESs and solid signals were significantly higher in the RF group than in CB group (209 ± 229 vs. 79 ± 32, p = .047, and 83 ± 89 vs. 28 ± 17, p = .032, respectively). In RF ablation, the number of MESs, solid, and bubble signals per ablation point, or per second, was significantly higher at 90 W than at 50 W ablation. The MESs, solid, and bubble signals were detected more frequently in the bottom and anterior walls of the left pulmonary vein (LPV) ablation. In contrast, many MESs were observed before the first CB application and decreased chronologically as the procedure progressed. Signals were more prevalent during the CB interval rather than during the freezing time. Among the 28 patients, 4 exhibited a high‐intensity area on postbrain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The MRI‐positive group showed a trend of larger signal sizes than did the MRI‐negative group.ConclusionThe number of MESs was higher in the HPSD RF group than in the CB group, with this risk being more pronounced in the 90 W ablation group. The primary detection site was the anterior wall of the LPV in RF and the first interval in CB ablation.
Curvilinearity in the Reference Composite and Practical Implications for Measurement
Authors: Liao Xiangyi , Bolt Daniel M. , Kim Jee‐Seon 
Published: June 2024

AbstractItem difficulty and dimensionality often correlate, implying that unidimensional IRT approximations to multidimensional data (i.e., reference composites) can take a curvilinear form in the multidimensional space. Although this issue has been previously discussed in the context of vertical scaling applications, we illustrate how such a phenomenon can also easily occur within individual tests. Measures of reading proficiency, for example, often use different task types within a single assessment, a feature that may not only lead to multidimensionality, but also an association between item difficulty and dimensionality. Using a latent regression strategy, we demonstrate through simulations and empirical analysis how associations between dimensionality and difficulty yield a nonlinear reference composite where the weights of the underlying dimensions change across the scale continuum according to the difficulties of the items associated with the dimensions. We further show how this form of curvilinearity produces systematic forms of misspecification in traditional unidimensional IRT models (e.g., 2PL) and can be better accommodated by models such as monotone‐polynomial or asymmetric IRT models. Simulations and a real‐data example from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study—Kindergarten are provided for demonstration. Some implications for measurement modeling and for understanding the effects of 2PL misspecification on measurement metrics are discussed.