bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Occupational allergy to Limonium sinuatum — a case report
Authors: Wiszniewska Marta , Pałczyński Cezary , Krawczyk-Szulc Patrycja , Wittczak Tomasz , Cyran Aleksandra , Walusiak-Skorupa Jolanta 
Published: July 2011

AbstractDecorative flowers are known to be a cause of occupational allergy in the floral industry. The allergic manifestations induced by flowers include asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and urticaria. We present a case of a 55-year-old woman, who has been working for the last 30 years as a gardener with various kinds of flowers, e.g., Limonium sinuatum (LS), chrysanthemum, sweet William (Dianthus barbatus) and Lilium. During the last 10 years she has developed nasal and eyes symptoms, dry cough, dyspnoea, chest tightness and wheezing. Clinical examination, routine laboratory testing, chest radiography, skin prick tests (SPT) involving common allergens, native plants pollens and leaves by the prick-prick technique, rest spirometry, methacholine challenge test and specific inhalation challenge test (SICT) were conducted. SPT results to common allergens were positive for grass pollens. SPT with native plants pollens and leaves showed a positive reaction only for LS. SICT induced an isolated early asthmatic reaction and significant increase in the number of eosinophils in the nasal lavage fluid. Additionally, significant increase in non-specific bronchial hyperreactivity was observed after SICT. To our knowledge, the presently described report is the first one of Limonium sinuatum induced occupational asthma and rhinitis in a Polish gardener.
Seroprevalence of hepatitis B and C viruses: Awareness and safe practices of hairdressers in Izmir — A survey
Authors: Kose Şukran , Mandiracioglu Aliye , Oral Ahmet , Emek Mestan , Gozaydin Ayhan , Kuzucu Lutfiye , Turken Melda 
Published: July 2011

Abstract
L'administration centrale de la province de Numidie de Septime Sévère à Gallien
Authors: Le Glay Marcel 
Published: July 2011

De la création de la province de Numidie sous Septime Sévère jusqu'à la réforme de Gallien, en 262, qui entraîne le remplacement du légat propréteur clarissime par un gouverneur équestre, la province fut dirigée par un sénateur ancien préteur. Celui-ci, en qualité de chef de corps (la legio tertia Augusta) avait, à Lambèse, devenue capitale de la nouvelle province, un état-major et, en qualité de gouverneur, un officium. Comment fonctionnait l'administration provinciale, notamment pendant l'absence de la 3e légion dissoute, entre 238 et 253/256 ? C'est l'objet de cette étude.
A la suite de la réforme de Gallien, il apparaissait que le premier responsable équestre de la province n'était attesté qu'en 267/268, en la personne de Tenagino Probus. Le réexamen d'une inscription fragmentaire de la région de Timgad conduit à penser qu'il fut précédé par Severinius Apronianus, qui deviendrait donc le premier chevalier gouverneur de Numidie sous Gallien.
On note alors l'absence totale de mention d'un personnel administratif civil dans les inscriptions.
Il castellum Tamudense in età severiana (riassunto)
Authors: Mastino Attilio 
Published: July 2011

Un' iscrizione recentemente rinvenuta in località Suiar presso le rovine di Tamuda (oggi al Museo di Tetuan in Marocco), datata all' 11 aprile 210, va collegata in qualche modo con i lavori di restauro e di potenziamento difensivo in età severiana del castellum Tamu[den]se. Questo piccolo accampamento, a partire dal regno di Commodo, ospitò forse una vexillatio di vexillatio di Brittones, sotto il comando di un praepositus, decurione dell'[al]a III Asturum, reparto quest'ultimo di stanza probabilmente a Thamusida.
La dedica a Giove, effettuata in occasione del 65° compleanno di Settimio Severo, dopo la conclusione della vittoriosa campagna in Britannia, ricorda anche un procuratore della Mauretania Tingitana rimasto poi coinvolto con tutta probabilità nella repressione voluta da Caracalla dopo l'uccisione del fratello Geta, come è dimostrato dal provvedimento di abolitio nominis.
Un' acclamazione finale (et deinceps ob[ser]vabimus) potrebbe alludere alla celebrazione di un sacrificio propiziatorio che i soldati agli ordini del praepositus si impegnavano a ripetere in futuro nella stessa ricorrenza imperiale.
Plant water status and hydraulic conductance during flowering in the southern California coastal sage shrub Salvia mellifera (Lamiaceae)
Authors: Lambrecht Susan C. , Santiago Louis S. , DeVan Caroline M. , Cervera J. Carlos , Stripe Cara M. , Buckingham Lee A. , Pasquini Sarah C. 
Published: July 2011

•Premise of the Study: Plant water status during flowering is important for plant reproduction, but the physiology of floral water use is not well understood. We investigated plant water status in relation to leaf and floral physiology in naturally occurring individuals of a semiarid shrub, Salvia mellifera E. Greene.•Methods: We measured stomatal (gs) and corolla (gc) conductance to water vapor, transpiration from leaves (Eleaf) and corollas (Ecorolla), leaf‐specific hydraulic conductance (KH), bulk shoot water potential (Ψshoot), and shoot water content on irrigated and control plants to analyze whether water was limiting to leaf and floral water use.•Key Results: Experimental irrigation caused a 203% increase in soil moisture content, a 20% increase in predawn Ψshoot, a 29% increase in midday Ψshoot, and a 92% increase in KH. Floral and leaf gas exchange did not respond significantly to water addition, indicating that rates were at seasonal maxima and not limited by water availability. Total daily water use by corollas was ∼20% of total shoot water use. There were no significant differences in total daily shoot water use with water addition. Mean shoot water content (5.07 g) was close to mean daily shoot water use (6.71 g), indicating that the equivalent of total shoot water content turned over every 0.76 d.•Conclusions: These results demonstrate that although irrigation improved whole‐plant hydraulic conductance, gas exchange was not limited by water availability. Additionally, the high water use of flowers in this species might limit future flowering and reproductive success during dry years.
Evaluation of a System to Screen for Stimulators of Non-Specific DNA Nicking by HIV-1 Integrase: Application to a Library of 50,000 Compounds
Authors: Sudol Malgorzata , Fritz Jennifer L , Tran Melissa , Robertson Gavin P , Ealy Julie B , Katzman Michael 
Published: July 2011

Background: In addition to activities needed to catalyse integration, retroviral integrases exhibit non-specific endonuclease activity that is enhanced by certain small compounds, suggesting that integrase could be stimulated to damage viral DNA before integration occurs. Methods: A non-radioactive, plate-based, solution phase, fluorescence assay was used to screen a library of 50,080 drug-like chemicals for stimulation of non-specific DNA nicking by HIV-1 integrase. Results: A semi-automated workflow was established and primary hits were readily identified from a graphic output. Overall, 0.6% of the chemicals caused a large increase in fluorescence (the primary hit rate) without also having visible colour that could have artifactually caused this result. None of the potential stimulators from this moderate-size library, however, passed a secondary test that included an inactive integrase mutant that assessed whether the increased fluorescence depended on the endonuclease activity of integrase. Conclusions: This first attempt at identifying integrase stimulator compounds establishes the necessary logistics and workflow required. The results from this study should encourage larger scale high-throughput screening to advance the novel antiviral strategy of stimulating integrase to damage retroviral DNA.
Une approche géohistorique de l'identité territoriale néo-zélandaise
Authors: Cognard François 
Published: July 2011

Résumé Comment se forge, à travers le temps, une identité territoriale renforçant le processus de construction nationale ? Selon quelles temporalités des discours mythologiques à connotation spatiale se développent-ils pour assurer la prise de conscience collective de valeurs communes ? La société néo-zélandaise offre la possibilité d’une approche dynamique du concept de territoire. La posture géohistorique adoptée ici montre que ces discours rassembleurs émergent à des périodes de rapports de force sociaux remettant en cause des principes initiaux de représentation, d’organisation, de partage de l’espace, et présente ainsi le territoire comme un acteur de la vie politique en ce qu’il révèle la non-réalisation de projets de société et fait l’objet d’une instrumentalisation symbolique à vocation fédératrice.
Arago et la vitesse de la lumière (1806-1810), un manuscrit inédit, une nouvelle analyse
Authors: Eisenstaedt Jean , Combes Michel 
Published: July 2011

Résumé Les expériences de 1806-1810 sur la vitesse de la lumière, publiées en 1853, ont été pensées par François-Dominique Arago dans le cadre de la théorie newtonienne de la propagation de la lumière aujourd’hui totalement oubliée. Il s’appuie aussi sur les travaux de John Michell et de Robert Blair qui ont pensé cinquante ans avant Christian Doppler l’effet que celui-ci posera pour le son et Armand-Hippolyte Fizeau pour la lumière. Arago tentera de mesurer la vitesse radiale de la lumière issue d’un corps en mouvement par la mesure de la réfraction sur un prisme des rayons lumineux qui en sont issus. C’est bien là, dans un cadre newtonien, l’essence de l’effet « Doppler ». Arago pose ouvertement la question de l’apparente constance de la vitesse de la lumière face à la logique de la relativité galiléenne. Une problématique qui dominera la physique du xix e siècle et qui porte les thèmes de la révolution relativiste. Un manuscrit inédit de 1806 permet de comprendre l’article de 1853 et d’en justifier les calculs.
La recherche sur les galaxies : La place de la France de 1910 à 1950
Authors: Brémond Alain 
Published: July 2011

Résumé Le but de ce travail est d’analyser l’implication tardive de la France dans le domaine de l’astronomie extragalactique. Cette étude démontre la très nette domination des États-Unis et l’absence de la France dans ces recherches. En Amérique du Nord, ce domaine s’est constitué en une véritable spécialité, exclusive pour certains comme Edwin Hubble. Les causes en sont multifactorielles mais beaucoup d’éléments sont corrélés. Le manque de télescopes puissants n’en est pas la raison principale car toutes les découvertes inaugurales ont été réalisées avec des équipements que beaucoup d’observatoires français possédaient. Les causes financières ont peut-être joué : moindre rôle du mécénat, engagement limité de l’État, première guerre mondiale ; mais elles ne suffisent pas à tout expliquer. L’organisation même des observatoires, si favorable aux nouvelles recherches américaines, paralysait toute innovation en France. Les charges de travail non directement astronomiques, dont se sont déchargés les astronomes des États-Unis (géophysique, météorologie, service de l’heure), hypothéquaient lourdement ailleurs les possibilités de nouveaux développements. Enfin, il semble que les astronomes, par tradition, ne se soient pas intéressés, en France, à la question des nébuleuses. Sans doute ce désintérêt était-il accentué par une organisation fortement centralisée de l’astronomie, qui maintenait les différents observatoires dans une continuité routinière, signalée dans les rapports rédigés à la fin de la période. La fin de la seconde guerre mondiale s’est accompagnée, partout dans le monde, d’un nouveau bond en avant de la recherche astronomique qui a permis l’essor, en France et en Europe, de l’astronomie extragalactique.
FTY720 Blocks Egress of T Cells in Part by Abrogation of Their Adhesion on the Lymph Node Sinus
Authors: Zhi Liang , Kim Pilhan , Thompson Brian D. , Pitsillides Costas , Bankovich Alexander J. , Yun Seok-Hyun , Lin Charles P. , Cyster Jason G. , Wu Mei X. 
Published: July 2011

Abstract
Egress of lymphocytes from lymphoid tissues is a complex process in which Gαi-mediated signals play a decisive role. We show here that although FTY720, an agonist of the sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P)1 receptor, induces S1P1 receptor internalization sufficiently in the presence or absence of Gαi2 or Gαi3, the drug blocks egress of wild-type (WT) and Gαi3-deficent T cells, but not Gαi2-deficient T cells, in both WT and Gαi2-deficient hosts. Intravital imaging of lymph nodes revealed that all three groups of T cells approached and engaged cortical sinusoids similarly in the presence or absence of FTY720. The cells also entered and departed the sinus at an almost identical frequency in the absence of the drug. However, after engagement of the sinus, most WT and Gαi3-deficient T cells retracted and migrated back into the parenchyma in FTY720-treated animals, due to a failure of the cells to establish adhesion on the sinus, whereas Gαi2-deficient T cells adhered firmly on the sinus, which prevented their retraction, facilitating their transmigration of the lymphatic endothelial barrier. These data confirm egress of Gαi2−/− T cells independent of S1P-mediated chemotaxis and failure of FTY720 to close lymphatic stromal channels and argue for the first time, to our knowledge, that FTY720 induces lymphopenia in part by impairing T cell adhesion to the sinus in a manner dependent on Gαi2.
Reversible Senescence in Human CD4+CD45RA+CD27− Memory T Cells
Authors: Di Mitri Diletta , Azevedo Rita I. , Henson Sian M. , Libri Valentina , Riddell Natalie E. , Macaulay Richard , Kipling David , Soares Maria V. D. , Battistini Luca , Akbar Arne N. 
Published: July 2011

Abstract
Persistent viral infections and inflammatory syndromes induce the accumulation of T cells with characteristics of terminal differentiation or senescence. However, the mechanism that regulates the end-stage differentiation of these cells is unclear. Human CD4+ effector memory (EM) T cells (CD27−CD45RA−) and also EM T cells that re-express CD45RA (CD27−CD45RA+; EMRA) have many characteristics of end-stage differentiation. These include the expression of surface KLRG1 and CD57, reduced replicative capacity, decreased survival, and high expression of nuclear γH2AX after TCR activation. A paradoxical observation was that although CD4+ EMRA T cells exhibit defective telomerase activity after activation, they have significantly longer telomeres than central memory (CM)-like (CD27+CD45RA−) and EM (CD27−CD45RA−) CD4+ T cells. This suggested that telomerase activity was actively inhibited in this population. Because proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α inhibited telomerase activity in T cells via a p38 MAPK pathway, we investigated the involvement of p38 signaling in CD4+ EMRA T cells. We found that the expression of both total and phosphorylated p38 was highest in the EM and EMRA compared with that of other CD4+ T cell subsets. Furthermore, the inhibition of p38 signaling, especially in CD4+ EMRA T cells, significantly enhanced their telomerase activity and survival after TCR activation. Thus, activation of the p38 MAPK pathway is directly involved in certain senescence characteristics of highly differentiated CD4+ T cells. In particular, CD4+ EMRA T cells have features of telomere-independent senescence that are regulated by active cell signaling pathways that are reversible.
Making sense of innovation: A future perfect approach
Authors: Fuglsang Lars , Mattsson Jan 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe idea of this paper is to develop a sensemaking tool that can help managers to generate a more asserted approach to innovation. A tool can be defined as something which is needed to perform an action – like innovation. We see innovation as ‘an improvisational dynamics of “moving to” the future’ (Pye, 2005) and use the concept of future perfect thinking (Weick, 1979, 1995), which has been lately debated in studies of project management (Pitsis, Clegg, Marosszeky, & Rura-Polley, 2003; Winch & Kreiner, 2009), to develop a tool that can reduce the perceived uncertainty of innovation. The key in future perfect thinking is to treat the future as something that has already happened in the past and thereby reducing the perceived open-endedness of the future. We suggest, more particularly, that verbal reflections on future challenges by relevant employees can help state the future as something that has a deeper, more stable and more practical meaning. The sensemaking tool is illustrated in a recent case of software development.
Causes and consequences of downsizing: Towards an integrative framework
Authors: Gandolfi Franco , Hansson Magnus 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe business literature on the causes and consequences of downsizing has grown significantly over the last three decades. A multitude of causes has been identified. Downsizing is sometimes seen primarily as a cost-reducing response to various crises and external factors over which management has little or no control. Others see downsizing as a strategic management initiative in its own right. A considerable body of literature indicates workforce reductions often lead to negative financial and operational outcomes for the downsizing firm as well as negative psychological outcomes for victims, survivors, and executioners. This research paper represents a literature review on the causes and consequences of downsizing. It addresses a diverse body of literature and suggests an integrative framework on the typical causes and consequences of downsizing as well as outlines some challenges ahead for researchers seeking to advance the knowledge of downsizing.
The Future of Logistics Education
Authors: Ozment John , Keller Scott B. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe importance of transportation and logistics to the U.S. economy has been well documented. As we move toward a more competitive global economy, there will be an increasing demand for highly qualified people to create and manage more efficient logistics systems and supply chains. Businesses have recognized the shortage of talent in this discipline. Unfortunately, logistics education has lagged behind the needs of the industry. American universities are not providing an adequate number of students to meet the needs of American businesses, even when the field is broadened to include supply chain management. This article reviews the current status of logistics and supply chain programs, discusses the reasons for the shortage of talent, and proposes a solution to address it.
Market-Based Regulation of Freight Transportation: A Primer
Authors: Swan Peter F. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractFifty years after the first issue of the Transportation Journal (TJ), we are still faced with the task of sorting through the consequences of transportation “deregulation.” While the TJ is a fitting venue for such issues to be debated, it is imperative that authors use specific language and present arguments concisely. Classical microeconomic theory provides the best framework and lens for carrying out the coming debates. This primer on market-based regulation of transportation is presented as a starting point for such debates in the hope that the TJ will play an important role in providing a forum for future debates.
The Development of Transportation and Logistics in Asia: An Overview
Authors: Su Shong-Iee Ivan , Ke Jian-Yu Fisher , Lim Paul 
Published: July 2011

AbstractAsia's trade has soared over the past two decades. An integrated and global direct distribution business model has already been developed to ship products directly from Asia to Western and other markets along the global supply chain. In spite of their rich resources, Asian countries have not been able to utilize their vast potential due to the lack of regional connectivity and to the existence of “choke points” in Asian supply chains. An Asia-wide transport and logistics network is essential for Asian countries to get their goods to markets more effectively, but its overall progress has so far been limited. An innovative approach is needed to address the physical infrastructure as well as the nonphysical, soft infrastructure issues. This article concludes with solutions identified by Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC). The focus of this article is on selected areas within.
Quantitation of Nucleic Acids and Proteins
Authors: Gallagher Sean R. , Desjardins Philippe 
Published: July 2011

AbstractReliable quantitation of nanogram and microgram amounts of DNA and RNA in solution is essential to researchers in molecular biology. Two methods for direct absorbance measurements at 260 nm are described—the first is a traditional cuvette‐based method, and the second is a microvolume method that requires no cuvettes or capillaries. In addition, three fluorescence techniques using Hoechst 33258, ethidium bromide, and PicoGreen reagent are presented in this unit. These five procedures cover a range from 5 to 10 ng/ml DNA to 15,000 µg/ml DNA. Reliable quantitation of proteins is possible using several types of assays. UV spectroscopy is the simplest approach but is limited in sensitivity. More sensitive assays that use Coomassie blue binding, bicinchoninic acid (BCA), and the Lowry reaction are also described. All assays are prone to amino acid composition errors and interference from assay solution components. Flow charts and tables to help with appropriate method selection are included.Curr. Protoc. Essential Lab. Tech. 5:2.2.1‐2.2.36. © 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Signal quantization by variation
Authors: Kämpke Thomas 
Published: July 2011

SUMMARYReal‐valued data are quantized according to the magnitude of their fluctuations around regional mean values or around a given, real‐valued signal. Quantization does not require any parameter or threshold value except the desired number of regions. By the introduction of suitable fluctuation measures and a so‐called change point graph, the determination of a minimum quantization is transformed to the computation of the shortest path with a prescribed number of intermediate nodes. Such shortest paths are shown to be computable by dynamic programming and by a variation of the Dijkstra algorithm. Evaluations and extensions of the approach are included. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Sense of Purpose: Mathematics and Performance in Environmental Design
Authors: Tsigkari Martha , Davis Adam , Aish Francis ,   Specialist Modelling Group, Foster + Partners
Published: July 2011

AbstractMathematics in design is most often associated with its visual manifestation in geometrical surfaces and elements. The finely tuned ambient qualities of a space, necessary for environmental performance, may not be so apparent, but can involve the application of many branches of mathematics. Martha Tsigkari, Adam Davis and Francis Aish of Foster + Partners' Specialist Modelling Group bring this to the fore by describing how at Al Raha Beach development in Abu Dhabi and the City of Justice in Madrid environmental considerations were interpreted through analytical numerical data. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Intuitive Material Distributions
Authors: Michalatos Panagiotis , Sawako Kaijima  ,   Adams Kara Taylor (AKT)
Published: July 2011

AbstractPanagiotis Michalatos and Sawako Kaijima describe how the Optimisation Design team at Adams Kara Taylor (AKT) work with mathematical algorithms to develop interactive software applicatons that help inform structural behaviour in the early parts of the design process. This is exemplified by the project‐specific software they developed for Thomas Heatherwick's British Pavilion at the 2010 Shanghai Expo. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Hinging Tower
Authors: Ortiz Ana María Flor , Valladares Sànchez Rodia ,   Rising Masses Studio, Harvard Graduate School of Design
Published: July 2011

AbstractFor their project for a tower in downtown Singapore, which they undertook for the Rising Masses Studio at Harvard Graduate School of Design (GSD), Ana María Flor Ortiz and Rodia Valladares Sànchez adopted a mathematical approach. They explicitly used mathematical notation as a mechanism of controlling form, in a manner that could also harness the possibilities of more random and unanticipated influences. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.