bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Establishment and identification of the gill cell line from the blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) and its application in studying gill remodeling under hypoxia
Authors: Xu Wenya , Feng Yahui , Chen Songlin , Wang Huihu , Wen Jian , Zheng Guodong , Wang Ganxiang , zou Shuming 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

To probe the mechanisms of gill remodeling in blunt snout bream under hypoxic conditions, we selected gill tissue for primary cell culture to establish and characterize the first blunt snout bream gill cell line, named MAG. The gill cells were efficiently passaged in M199 medium supplemented with 8% antibiotics and 15% fetal bovine serum at 28 °C, exhibiting primarily an epithelial-fibroblast mixed type. Additionally, the MAG cells (17th generation) were subjected to four experimental conditions—normoxia, hypoxia 12 h, hypoxia 24 h, and reoxygenation 24 h (R24h)—to evaluate the effects of hypoxia and reoxygenation on MAG cells during gill remodeling. We found that the MAG cell morphology underwent shrinkage and mitochondrial potential gradually lost, even leading to gradual apoptosis with increasing hypoxia duration and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity. Upon reoxygenation, MAG cells gradually regain cellular homeostasis, accompanied by a decrease in ROS activity. Analysis of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), catalase (CAT), anti-superoxide anion, and other enzyme activities revealed enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity in MAG cells during hypoxia, aiding in adapting to hypoxic stress and preserving cell morphology. After reoxygenation, the cells gradually returned to normoxic levels. Our findings underscore the MAG cells can be used to study hypoxic cell apoptosis during gill remodeling. Therefore, the MAG cell line will serve as a vital in vitro model for exploring gill remodeling in blunt snout bream under hypoxia.
Comparative genomics of Vibrio toranzoniae strains
Authors: Barcia-Cruz Rubén , Balboa Sabela , Lema Alberto , Romalde Jesús L. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Vibrio toranzoniae is a marine bacterium belonging to the Splendidus clade, originally isolated from healthy clams in Galicia (NW Spain). Its isolation from different hosts and seawater indicated two lifestyles and wide geographical distribution. The aim of the present study was to determine the differences at genome level among strains, as well as to determine their phylogeny. For this purpose, whole genomes were sequenced by different technologies and the resulting sequences corrected. Genomes were annotated and compared with different online tools. Furthermore, the study of core and pan genome was examined, and the phylogeny was inferred. The content of the core genome ranged from 2,953 to 2,766 genes and that of the pangenome from 6,278 to 6,132, depending on the tool used. The comparison revealed that although the strains shared certain homology, with DDH values ranging from 77.10 to 82.30 and values of OrthoANI higher than 97%,notable differences were found related to motility, capsule synthesis, iron acquisition system or mobile genetic elements. The phylogenetic analysis of the core genome did not reveal a differentiation of the strains according to their lifestyle, but that of the pangenome pointed out certain geographical isolation in the same growing area. The study led to a reclassification of some isolates formerly described as V. toranzoniae and manifested the importance of cured deposited sequences to proper phylogenetic assignment.
Mandibular Second Molar Impaction: Introducing a Novel and Validated 3D Classification System
Authors: Barone Selene , Cevidanes Lucia , Bocchino Tecla , Michelotti Ambra , Borrelli Massimo , Giudice Amerigo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The primary aim was to investigate the impact of the three-dimensional (3D) characterization on clinical and therapeutic decisions for mandibular second molar (M2M) impaction. The secondary aim was to introduce a validated 3D classification system incorporating both surgical and orthodontic parameters.
Materials and methods
Bidimensional (2D) and 3D radiological records of 15 impacted M2M were collected and deidentified. Ten experienced clinicians(5 oral surgeons;5 orthodontists) categorized each case, first based on 2D records and then with 3D scans. The primary outcome variable was the assessment of differences in diagnosis and decision-making protocol using 2D or 3D records (clinical relevance:from 0 to 5). The secondary outcome variable was the validation analysis of the proposed 3D classification to determine the concordance among clinicians. Descriptive statistics and multivariable inferential analysis based on Akaike information criterion (AIC) were performed(α = 0.05).
Results
3D examination allowed a better visualization of M2M impaction with higher clinical relevance for diagnosis of M2M root relationship to alveolar nerve and lingual plate, its depth and inclination(range:2.69–3.43). The proposed 3D classification of M2M impaction changed clinical decisions regarding surgical-orthodontic approach, biomechanics, patient education, and treatment time estimate(range:2.59–3.33). In the validation analysis of the classification, no evidence of inter- or intra-group (surgeon/orthodontist) bias in score attribution occurred(null model:AIC = 718.04).
Conclusion
3D evaluation of impacted M2Ms could enhance diagnostic accuracy, and a classification system was proposed and validated by a group of experienced surgeons and orthodontists with high concordance.
Rab44-knockout mice exhibit reduced progression of inflammation in collagen antibody-induced arthritis
Authors: Yamaguchi Yu , Kadowaki Tomoko , Sakai Eiko , Noguromi Mayuko , Oyakawa Shun , Tsukuba Takayuki 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective:Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by immune cell-mediated joint inflammation and subsequent osteoclast-dependent bone destruction. This study aimed to investigate whether Rab44 is involved in RA because Rab44 is predominantly distributed in immune cells and osteoclasts.
Methods: Collagen antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA) was induced in Rab44-knockout (KO) and wild type (WT) mice. Arthritis severity was assessed daily for 4–9 days by macroscopic observation. Histopathological analysis, real-time PCR analysis for gene expression, immunohistochemical analysis, and µ-computed tomography were performed.
Results: Compared to WT mice, Rab44 KO mice showed reduced inflammation in arthritis under CAIA-inducing conditions. Rab44 KO CAIA mice exhibited reduced cell filtration in the radiocarpal joints. Consistent with these findings, Rab44-KO CAIA mice showed decreased mRNA levels of arthritis-related marker genes, including inflammation, cartilage turnover, bone formation and bone absorption markers. Rab44-KO CAIA mice exhibited predominant infiltration of M2-type macrophages at the inflammatory sites, and reduced bone loss compared to WT CAIA mice.
Conclusions: These results indicate that Rab44 deficiency reduces the progression of inflammation in CAIA in mice.
Aortic Arch registry of type A aortic dissection (AoArch) - rationale, design and definition criteria
Authors: Nappi Francesco , Schoell Thibaut , Singh Sanjeet Singh Avtaar , Salsano Antonio , Abdou Ibrahim , Gambardella Ivancarmine , Santini Francesco , Fiore Antonio , Garufi Luigi , Demondion Pierre , Leprince Pascal , Bonnet Nicolas , Spadaccio Cristiano 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background: Type A acute aortic dissection (TAAAD) is a deadly condition that demands immediate surgery, because it involves a patient in critical, unstable condition. The mortality and morbidity associated with it are significant, and it is vital that the patient's conditions and treatment strategies are fully understood to ensure the appropriate management of TAAAD. This study will definitively answer whether hemiarch repair (HAR) versus extended arch repair (EAR) with or without descending aortic intervention results in better perioperative and late outcomes for patients with TAAAD.
Methods: Four leading centers of cardiac surgery from two European countries have joined forces to create a groundbreaking multicenter observational registry (AoArch). This registry will enroll consecutive patients who underwent surgery for TAAAD from January 2005 to March 2024. We will analyze how patient comorbidities, referral conditions, and surgical strategies involving hemiarch repair (HAR) and extended arch repair (EAR) impact early and late adverse events. We have developed a procedure urgency algorithm based on the severity of preoperative hemodynamic conditions and malperfusion due to TAAAD, and we will use it to assess the primary clinical outcomes: in-hospital mortality, late mortality, and reoperations on the aorta. We will define secondary outcomes as permanent neurologic deficit, the need for new dialysis, respiratory failure, a composite of major adverse events (myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular accidents, the need for dialysis, or the need for tracheostomy), and a composite of major adverse pulmonary events (intubation over 48 hours, pneumonia, reintubation, tracheostomy), and reoperation due to bleeding.
Discussion: This multicenter registry will definitively determine the prognostic significance of critical preoperative conditions and the efficacy of extended arch interventions and hemiarch repair in reducing the risk of early adverse events after surgery for TAAAD. This registry will provide insights into the long-term durability of different strategies of surgical repair for TAAAD.
Analysis of alpha-synuclein harvested from intra-cranial instruments used in deep brain stimulation surgery for Parkinson’s disease
Authors: sorrentino zachary , Riklan Joshua , Lloyd Grace , Lucke-Wold Brandon , Mampre David , Quintin Stephan , Zakare-Fagbamila Rasheedat , Still Megan , Chandra Vyshak , Foote Kelly , Giasson Benoit , Hilliard Justin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Alpha-synuclein (αSyn) forms pathologic aggregates in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and is implicated in mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration. While pathologic αSyn has been extensively studied, there is currently no method to evaluate αSyn within the brains of living patients. Patients with PD are often treated with deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery in which surgical instruments are in direct contact with neuronal tissue; herein, we describe a method by which tissue is purified from DBS surgical instruments in PD and essential tremor (ET) patients and demonstrate that αSyn is robustly detected. 24 patients undergoing DBS surgery for PD (17 patients) or ET (7 patients) were enrolled; from patient samples, 81.2 ± 44.8 µg protein (n=15) is able to be purified, with immunoblot assays specific for αSyn reactive in all tested samples. Light microscopy revealed axons and capillaries as the primary components of purified tissue (n=3). Further analysis was conducted using western blot, demonstrating that truncated αSyn (1-125 αSyn) was significantly increased in PD (n=5) compared to ET (n=3), in which αSyn misfolding is not expected (0.64 ± 0.25 vs. 0.25 ± 0.12, P = 0.046), thus showing that pathologic αSyn can be reliably purified from living PD patients with this method.
Tuning the morphology and energy levels in organic solar cells with metal- organic framework nanosheets
Authors: Sasitharan Kezia , Frisch Johannes , Kuliček Jaroslav , Iraqi Ahmed , Lidzey David G. , Bär Marcus , Rezek Bohuslav , Foster Jonathan A. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Metal-organic framework nanosheets (MONs) have proved themselves to be useful additives for enhancing the performance of a variety of thin film solar cell devices. However, to date only isolated examples have been reported. In this work we take advantage of the modular structure of MONs in order to resolve the effect of their different structural and optoelectronic features on the performance of organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices. Three different MONs were synthesized using different combinations of two porphyrin-based ligands meso-tetracarboxyphenyl porphyrin (TCPP) or tetrapyridyl-porphyrin (TPyP) with either zinc and/or copper ions and the effect of their addition to polythiophene-fullerene (P3HT-PCBM) OPV devices was investigated. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of devices was found to approximately double with the addition of MONs of Zn2(ZnTCPP), but was unchanged with the addition of Cu2(ZnTPyP) and halved upon the addition of Cu2(CuTCPP) compared to devices without nanosheets. Our analysis indicates that there are three different mechanisms by which MONs can influence the photoactive layer – light absorption, energy level alignment, and morphological changes. Analysis of external quantum efficiency, UV-vis photoelectron spectroscopy data found that MONs have similar effects on light absorption and energy level alignment. However, atomic force and Raman microscopy studies revealed that the nanosheet thickness and lateral size are crucial parameters in enabling the MONs to act as beneficial additives resulting in an improvement of the OPV device performance. We anticipate this study will aid in the design of MONs and other 2D materials for future use in other light harvesting and emitting devices.
Increased biocrust cover and activity in the highlands of Iceland after five growing seasons of experimental warming
Authors: Salazar Alejandro , Gunnlaugsdóttir Eyrún , Jónsdóttir Ingibjörg , Klupar Ian , Wandji Ruth-Phoebe , Arnalds Ólafur , Andrésson Ólafur 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Aims One of the most important questions of our time is how ecosystems will be transformed by climate change. Here, we used a five-year field experiment to investigate the effects of climate warming on the cover and function of a sub-Arctic alpine ecosystem in the highlands of Iceland dominated by biocrust, mosses and vascular plants.Methods We used Open Top Chambers (OTCs) to simulate warming; standard surface and NDVI analyses to measure plant cover and function; gas analyzers to monitor biocrust respiration; and the Tea Bag Index approach to estimate mass loss, decomposition and soil carbon stabilization rates.Results Contrary to our initial hypothesis of warming accelerating an ecological succession of plants growing on biocrust, we observed a warming-induced decreased abundance of vascular plants and mosses —possibly caused by high temperature summer peaks that resemble heat waves— and an increase in the cover of biocrust. The functional responses of biocrust to warming, including increased litter mass loss and respiration rates and a lower soil carbon stabilization rates, may suggest climate-driven depletion of soil nutrients in the future.Conclusion It remains to be studied how the effects of warming on biocrusts from high northern regions could interact with other drivers of ecosystem change, such as grazing; and if in the long-term global change could favor the growth of vascular plants on biocrust in the highlands of Iceland and similar ecosystems. For the moment, our experiment points to a warming-induced increase in the cover and activity of biocrust.
Anlotinib plus Temozolomide for Recurrent Glioma: A Single-Center, Retrospective Study of 30 cases
Authors: Xu Liping , Yu Dandan , Li Fei , Liu Yanyan , Ding Xiaofeng , Pu Juan , Cao Yuandong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective
To determine the efficacy and tolerability of Anlotinib plus temozolomide (TMZ) as a first-line treatment for recurrent malignant glioma (rMG).
Methods
A total of 30 eligible patients who relapsed from the standard chemoradiotherapy regimen (TMZ and radiotherapy) or had macroscopic residual tumor after surgery because of tumor located in the eloquent brain areas were enrolled in this study between March 2018 and January 2021. Patients were subjected to a concurrent treatment of Anlotinib (12mg qd, 14 days on with 7 days off) and TMZ (200mg/m2, 5 days on with 23 days off) until disease progression or intolerable toxicity. Efficacy was evaluated using Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology(RANO) criteria for high-grade glioma. Safety was assessed using NCI-CTCAE 4.0. Survival was estimated with the Kaplan-Meier curve and log-rank test.
Results
Until April 2023, our median follow-up time was 28.1 ± 5.07 months(95% CI:18.20-38.06m). The median OS(from recurrence to death or end of follow-up) was 17.87 ± 4.29 m(95%CI: 9.46-26.28m). 1-year, 1.5 year, 2-year OS rates were were 60.0%, 46.7% and 36.7% respectively. The median PFS(from the treatment of Anlotinib and TMZ to the endpoint) was 7.83 ± 0.82m(95%CI, 6.22-9.44m). 6-month, 1-year PFS rates were 63.3%, 36.7%, respectively. In the univariate analysis, patients of WHO Ⅱ group have a longer mOS and mPFS than that of WHO Ⅲ and Ⅳ group(Ⅱ: 30.45 ± 4.32m, Ⅲ: 15.07 ± 5.72m, Ⅳ: 9.21 ± 1.90m, P = 0.035). Patients ≤ 55 had a longer mPFS compared with those > 55 years old(12.97 ± 1.71m vs. 7.33 ± 1.95m. p = 0.010), but failed to reach statistical difference in OS(19.90 ± 6.29m vs. 10.53 ± 1.68m, p = 0.106). While their gender, 1p/19q and IDH mutation are not independent negative predictors on OS or PFS. In the multivariate analysis, age, pathological grade and IDH mutation all failed to serve as an independent negative predictor of PFS or OS in recurrent glioma.
Conclusion
Anlotinib combined with TMZ was effective for recurrent glioma in terms of OS and PFS, and was well tolerated in patients. Further randomized controlled clinical studies are needed to confirm the efficacy of Anlotinib combined with TMZ for the treatment of rMG.
Magnesium-modified biochar improves tea quality and growth of tea plant by improving soil properties and promoting nutrient uptake
Authors: Luo Yubo , Li Ronghui , Lv Xinhang , Dong Dubin , Liu Wenbin , Yang Pan , Ma Jiawei , Ye Zhengqian , Liu Dan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Soil acidification affects the growth of tea plants and induces magnesium loss, which further reduces tea quality. In this study, magnesium-modified biochar was developed from discarded tea plant branches, via potting test to evaluate the effect on the red loam soil, and to study the quality of tea in acidified tea gardens. Four treatments were set up as control (no biochar added, CK), conventional magnesium fertilizer treatment (FC), tea plant branch biochar treatment (BC) and magnesium-modified biochar with acetic acid (BCY) respectively. Our results showed that soil pH was significantly increased by 0.3 and 0.42 units in BC and BCY treatments respectively, conventional magnesium fertilizer, biochar, and magnesium-modified biochar treatments could significantly increase soil organic matter, alkaline-dissolved nitrogen, effective phosphorus, quick-acting potassium, and exchanged calcium and magnesium content in acidified tea plantations. Compared with CK treatment, both conventional magnesium fertilizer treatment and biochar treatment could increase the root dry weight and tea plant height to some extent; the SPAD values of tea fresh leaves of BC and BCY treatments were significantly higher than those of CK and FC treatments by 17.6, 37.6 and 6.4, 26.4, respectively; and the increase in accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium in tea leaves of FC, BC, and BCY treatments compared with that of CK was 2.49~8.04 g·kg-1, 0.19~0.49 g·kg-1, 0.30~3.27 g·kg-1, 0.26~0.50 g·kg-1, and 0.15~1.45 g·kg-1; and SPAD value, tea polyphenols, water leachate, caffeine, and amino acid contents of tea leaves in BC and BCY treatments were significantly higher than CK treatment (P < 0.05). Our study showed that magnesium-modified biochar improved the quality of tea significantly via enhancing the pH, organic matter and nutrient content of soil, increasing the uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium in the tea plant, and ascending photosynthesis, The best results were obtained with magnesium chloride modified biochar (BCL) treatment. This study plays a guiding role for the improvement and nutrient supplementation of acidified soil in tea plantations and promotes the healthy development of tea plantation soil..
Coconut Shell Agro-waste-derived Cellulosic Powder as a Potential Reinforcement for Sustainable Polymeric Composite Application
Authors: Bichang'a Dennis O. , Oladele Isiaka O. , Alabi Oladunni O. , Aramide Fatai Olufemi , Oluseye Olasunkanmi , Borisade Sunday G. , Githinji David N. , Ojemaye Mike O. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The use of environmentally friendly materials for industrial applications has increased tremendously in the past decades due to environmental concerns and the problems associated with the use of synthetic materials. Coconut shell is an agro-waste and source of biomass that has attracted increasing research attention as a potential alternative reinforcing material to synthetic. This study considered chemical modification and characterization of coconut shell powder in an attempt to enhance compatibility with the hydrophilic polymer matrix. The coconut shell powder was treated with alkali (NaOH), bleaching and combined NaOH-bleaching solutions before investigating the surface morphology, chemical transformations, and thermal stability. It was discovered from the results that combined treatment gave the optimum enhancement. The surface treatments resulted in chemical transformations of coconut shell powder, while FTIR analysis confirmed partial removal of lignin and hemicellulose. Also, XRD investigation revealed that surface treatments enhanced the crystallographic properties, whereas TGA analysis showed that the thermal stability of the treated sample was enhanced. Hence, treated coconut shell powder can be considered a sustainable and environmentally friendly reinforcing material for lightweight polymer composites needed for industrial applications, such as automotive dashboards and panels.
Informal Caregiving and Role Transformation as Means of Patient Coping – A Qualitative Study on Hungary's Scarce Health Environment in the Covid-19 Era
Authors: FERENCZ Veronika , KOLTAI Borbála Gabriella , BERTA Fanni Krisztina , CSEH Ágota , KEREKES Jozefa Gabriella , RÁCZ József 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Hungary was hit hard by the pandemic, with more than 3,000 deaths per million people, the highest figure of any EU country. We aimed to examine patients’ lived experiences recovering from COVID-19 infection within the Hungarian hospital setting during the pandemic by examining the psychological characteristics of their recovery.
Methods
The experiences of 31 patients (adults diagnosed with COVID-19 and treated in a hospital) were collected via semi-structured interviews and focus groups. The transcripts formed the text base on which our research group performed reflexive thematic analysis.
Results
The final thematic map includes five overarching themes, from which we present the following ones: (1) patient (self)care, a functional element of the hospital system in COVID-19, and (2) ingenuity and resilience, solutions for individuals in the healthcare system.
Conclusions
Our study’s findings reveal how patients and their relatives actively engaged in the healthcare system during the pandemic. The consequences of the system’s lack of resources and workload become visible, together with the resilience mobilised by the crisis, which sometimes requires the transformation of the patient role.