bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deep learning‐based aggregate analysis to identify cut‐off points for decision‐making in pancreatic cancer detection
Authors: Dzemyda Gintautas , Kurasova Olga , Medvedev Viktor , Šubonienė Aušra , Gulla Aistė , Samuilis Artūras , Jagminas Džiugas , Strupas Kęstutis 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study addresses the problem of detecting pancreatic cancer by classifying computed tomography (CT) images into cancerous and non‐cancerous classes using the proposed deep learning‐based aggregate analysis framework. The application of deep learning, as a branch of machine learning and artificial intelligence, to specific medical challenges can lead to the early detection of diseases, thus accelerating the process towards timely and effective intervention. The concept of classification is to reasonably select an optimal cut‐off point, which is used as a threshold for evaluating the model results. The choice of this point is key to ensure efficient evaluation of the classification results, which directly affects the diagnostic accuracy. A significant aspect of this research is the incorporation of private CT images from Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, combined with publicly available data sets. To investigate the capabilities of the deep learning‐based framework and to maximize pancreatic cancer diagnostic performance, experimental studies were carried out combining data from different sources. Classification accuracy metrics such as the Youden index, (0, 1)‐criterion, Matthew's correlation coefficient, the F1 score, LR+, LR−, balanced accuracy, and g‐mean were used to find the optimal cut‐off point in order to balance sensitivity and specificity. By carefully analyzing and comparing the obtained results, we aim to develop a reliable system that will not only improve the accuracy of pancreatic cancer detection but also have wider application in the early diagnosis of other malignancies.
Prediction of Liaoning province steel import and export trade based on deep learning models
Authors: Zhang Limin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn the field of deep learning, time series forecasting, particularly for economic and trade data, is a critical area of research. This study introduces a hybrid of auto regressive integrated moving average and gated recurrent unit (ARIMA‐GRU) to enhance the prediction of steel import and export trade in Liaoning Province, addressing the limitations of traditional time series methods. Traditional models like ARIMA excel with linear data but often struggle with non‐linear patterns and long‐term dependencies. The ARIMA‐GRU model combines ARIMA's linear data analysis with GRU's proficiency in non‐linear pattern recognition, effectively capturing complex dynamics in economic datasets. Our experiments show that this hybrid approach surpasses traditional models in accuracy and reliability for forecasting steel trade, providing valuable insights for economic planning and strategic decision‐making. This innovative approach not only advances the field of economic forecasting but also demonstrates the potential of integrating deep learning techniques in complex data analysis.
Autosomal dominant hypercalciuric hypocalcaemia: the calcium‐sensing receptor in renal calcium homeostasis and the impact of renal transplantation
Authors: Florance James A. , Schollum John B. W. , Pomeranc Abigail , Endre Zoltan H. , Walker Robert J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCalcium‐sensing receptors (CaSRs) are G protein‐coupled receptors that help maintain Ca2+ concentrations, modulating calciotropic hormone release (parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcitonin and 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D) by direct actions in the kidneys, gastrointestinal tract and bone. Variability in population calcium levels has been attributed to single nucleotide polymorphisms in CaSR genes, and several conditions affecting calcium and phosphate homeostasis have been attributed to gain‐ or loss‐of‐function mutations. An example is autosomal dominant hypercalciuric hypocalcaemia, because of a missense mutation at codon 128 of chromosome 3, as reported in our specific case and her family. As a consequence of treating symptomatic hypocalcaemia as a child, this female subject slowly developed progressive end‐stage kidney failure because of nephrocalcinosis and nephrolithiasis. After kidney transplantation, she remains asymptomatic, with decreased vitamin D and elemental calcium requirements, stable fluid and electrolyte homeostasis during intercurrent illnesses and has normalised urinary calcium and phosphate excretion, reducing the likelihood of hypercalciuria‐induced graft impairment. We review the actions of the CaSR, its role in regulating renal Ca2+ homeostasis along with the impact of a proven gain‐of‐function mutation in the CaSR gene resulting in autosomal dominant hypercalciuric hypocalcaemia before and after kidney transplantation.
Combining acoustic telemetry with archival tagging to investigate the spatial dynamic of the understudied pollack, Pollachius pollachius
Authors: Gonse Marine , Laurans Martial , Magin Justus , Odaka Tina , Delouis Jean‐Marc , Martin Stéphane , Garren François , Lazard Coline , Drogou Mickael , Stamp Thomas , Davies Peter , Hall Alice , Sheehan Emma , Woillez Mathieu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCombining fish tracking methods is a promising way of leveraging the strengths of each approach while mitigating their individual weaknesses. Acoustic telemetry provides presence information as the fish move within receiver range, eliminating the need for tag recovery. Archival tags, on the other hand, record environmental variables on tag retrieval, enabling continuous path reconstruction of a fish beyond coastal regions. This study capitalizes on the combination of both methods for geolocating pollack, Pollachius pollachius, an understudied species of the northeast Atlantic, where declining stocks are raising concern. Essential knowledge of population structure and connectivity between essential habitats is critically lacking and could help inform stock assessment and management. The aims of the study were (1) to evaluate the feasibility of double‐tagging pollack, known for being challenging to tag, and (2) to track seasonal movements across the Channel to gain first insights into pollack spatial ecology. In 2022, an extensive network of acoustic receivers was been deployed in the Channel along the French, English, and Belgian coasts as part of the Fish Intel project. We tagged 83 pollack with acoustic transmitters, among which 48 were double‐tagged with data storage tags. Post‐tagging survival assessment, conducted on a subset of 35 individuals, revealed a successful procedure with a 97% short‐term survival rate. By October 2023, the acoustic telemetry network detected 30 out of 83 pollack at least once, with no large‐scale movements observed across the Channel. Presence in the network fluctuates seasonally, peaking in summer, particularly among immature fish. Integrating acoustic detections with temperature and depth time series in a geolocation model enabled trajectory reconstruction of 10 recaptured pollack, seven of which were detected by the network. This combined tracking approach revealed coastal movements along the coast of Brittany in France, highlighting the ecological significance of the Iroise Sea for pollack throughout the year, particularly in summer. The geolocation model also suggested movements towards the entrance of the western Channel. This study highlights the complementarity of acoustic telemetry and archival tagging in reconstructing fish movements in their natural environment. As data accumulate, these innovative tracking methods promise to continually unveil new insights into the spatial ecology of the understudied pollack, which is essential for the species' management.
The toxicity of chlorine dioxide to clownfish and its bactericidal capability to pathogenic strains of vibrio spp.
Authors: Lin Chia‐Te , Liu Juan‐Ting , Wang Pei‐Chi , Chen Shih‐Chu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGlobal ornamental fish transportation ranging from hours to days can produce multiple stress factors impact fish health and cause mortality. Clownfish, particularly Amphiprion ocellaris, are among the most traded saltwater ornamental fish. Vibrio includes several pathogenic strains that affect aquatic animals. Consequently, prophylactic treatment of the water or fish is recommended. In this study, six Vibrio strains including V. alginolyticus, V. parahaemolyticus and V. harveyi isolated from sick A. ocellaris and one V. harveyi strain from a sick East Asian fourfinger threadfin (Eleutheronema rhadinum) were tested for their sensitivity to a popular disinfectant, chlorine dioxide (ClO2). The results showed that 0.25 ppm ClO2 effectively suppressed five of the seven tested Vibrio strains for 24 h; however, 0.1 ppm ClO2 is safer for A. ocellaris. Meanwhile, ClO2 2.5 ppm reduced the bacterial counts to below 3.3 × 105 CFU/mL for 24 hours. The LC50 of ClO2 for A. ocellaris was 0.87 ppm at 10 min and 0.72 ppm at 24 h post treatment. Mild changes in water quality, including dissolved oxygen (DO), temperature and pH, were recorded during the trial. More research is necessary to understand the sensitivity of various aquatic animal pathogens to ClO2 and its toxicity to different aquatic animals.
Military independent directors and merger activity
Authors: Li Zhe , Ramsey Megan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this article, we examine the relation between independent directors with past military service and merger activity. We find that firms with a greater proportion of independent directors with military experience complete fewer mergers, and the deals are of smaller value. Our results are robust to instrumental variable estimation. The reduction in merger and acquisition activity is concentrated in firms with weak CEOs, suggesting independent directors with military service do not improve firm agency problems.
Impact of the geriatric emergency medicine specialist intervention on final emergency department disposition
Authors: Cohen Inessa , Sangal Rohit B. , Taylor Richard Andrew , Crawford Anna , Lai James M. , Martin Pamela , Palleschi Sarah , Rothenberg Craig , Tomasino Debra , Hwang Ula 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe Geriatric Emergency Medicine Specialist (GEMS) pilot program is an innovative approach that utilizes geriatric‐trained advanced practice providers to facilitate geriatric assessments and care planning for older adults in the emergency department (ED). The objective of this study was to explore the effect of GEMS on the use of observation status and final ED disposition.MethodsThis was a retrospective study under a target trial emulation framework. Geriatric patients (65+ years old) who presented to two ED sites within a large regional healthcare system between December 2020 and December 2022 were included. The primary outcome was final ED disposition (discharge, hospital inpatient admission, or hospital observation admission). Secondary outcomes included ED observation and ED length of stay. Non‐GEMS patients were propensity score matched 5:1 to GEMS patients. Doubly robust regression was used to estimate the odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of inpatient admission, discharge, hospital observation admission, ED observation admission, and estimate the mean ED length of stay.ResultsA total of 427 of 43,064 total patients (1.0%) received a GEMS intervention during the study period. Our analysis included 2,302 geriatric ED patients (410 GEMS, 1,892 non‐GEMS) after propensity score matching. Hospital admission rates were 34.1% for GEMS compared to 56.4% for conventional treatment. GEMS patients had decreased odds of inpatient admission (OR: 0.41, 95 CI: 0.34–0.51, p < 0.001), increased odds of discharge (OR: 1.19 95 CI: 1.00–1.42, p = 0.047), hospital observation admission (OR: 2.97, 95 CI: 2.35–3.75, p < 0.001), ED observation admission (OR: 4.84 95 CI: 3.67–6.38, p < 0.001), and had a longer average ED length of stay (170 min, 95 CI: 84.6–256, p < 0.001) compared to non‐GEMS patients.ConclusionsPatients seen by GEMS during their ED visit were associated with higher rates of hospital discharge and lower rates of hospital admissions.
Evolution of nutritional management in children with cystic fibrosis – a narrative review
Authors: Smith Chris , Lowdon Jacqueline , Noordhoek Jacqueline , Wilschanski Michael 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNutrition has played a central role in the management and outcomes of people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF) since the 1970s. Advances in therapies and practices in recent decades have led to a significant change in the patient landscape with dramatic improvements in life expectancy, as well as quality of life, bringing with it new issues. Historically, cystic fibrosis was a condition associated with childhood and malnutrition; however, changes in patient demographics, nutritional assessment and fundamental nutritional management have evolved, and it has become an increasingly prevalent adult disease with new nutritional challenges, including obesity. This paper aims to describe these changes and the impact and challenges they bring for those working in this field. Nutritional professionals will need to evolve, adapt and remain agile to the wider range of situations and support required for a new generation of pwCF. Specialised nutrition support will continue to be required, and it will be additionally important to improve and optimise quality of life and long‐term health.
Evaluation of the safety and efficacy of cosmetics ingredient Spherulites Paeony Superior Retinol
Authors: Han Jiejun , Gong Rongyue , Wang Bin , Gong Tiangui , Chen Xueping 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundMicroencapsulation of hydroxypinacolone retinoate (HPR) can improve its application in cosmetics.ObjectiveTo investigate the safety and efficacy of Spherulites Paeony Superior Retinol, a HPR microcapsule containing 5%–10% peony seed oil, 0.01%–1% epigallocatechin gallatyl glucoside (ECGG), and 0.1%–1% HPR.MethodsThe safety of Spherulites Paenoy Superior Retinol was evaluated with zebrafish embryo self‐rotation irritation test and developmental toxicity test. SymRenew™ HPR was used as a reference. The skin care efficacies of Spherulites Paenoy Superior Retinol were evaluated using zebrafish embryos covering antioxidation, anti‐inflammation, blood circulation, whitening, wound healing, skin barrier protection, Type I collagen, elastin, and 5α‐reductase genes expression activities.ResultsThe irritation test revealed that 250 μg/mL Spherulites Paenoy Superior Retinol did not, while 20 μg/mL SymRenew™ HPR significantly (p < 0.05) increased zebrafish embryo self‐rotation frequency. The developmental toxicity test found the teratogenicity index (half lethal concentration/half toxicity concentration) of Spherulites Paenoy Superior Retinol and SymRenew™ HPR were 1.9 and 3.1, respectively. The efficacy analysis results showed that 5 μg/mL Spherulites Paenoy Superior Retinol significantly (p < 0.05) exerted 7.1% anti‐ROS, 20% anti‐inflammation, 14% enhanced blood circulation, 10% suppressed melanin synthesis, 9% enhanced tail fin regeneration, 72% elicited skin barrier protection activity, enhanced the expression of Type I collagen genes col1a1, col1a2, and col1a2 by 34%, 51%, and 42%, respectively, and elastin gene elna by 46%, and suppressed the expression of 5α‐reductase genes srd5a1, srd5a2a, and srd5a2b by 52%, 15%, and 30%, respectively.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that Spherulites Paenoy Superior Retinol is a safe cosmetic ingredient with multi‐skin care efficacies.
Pattern hair loss and health care professionals: How well are we connecting with our audience?
Authors: Gupta Aditya K. , Faour Sara , Wang Tong , Ravi Shruthi Polla , Talukder Mesbah 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundPattern hair loss, the most common form of hair loss, affects millions in the United States. Americans are increasingly seeking health information from social media. It would appear that healthcare professionals contribute relatively minimally to pattern hair loss content, thereby posing serious concerns for credibility and quality of information available to the general public.ObjectivesThis study evaluates popular pattern hair loss‐related content on Instagram, TikTok, and YouTube, aiming to understand effective engagement strategies for healthcare professionals on social media.MethodsThe top 60 short‐form videos were extracted from Instagram, TikTok, and YouTube, using the search term “pattern hair loss” and inclusion of USA‐based accounts only. Videos were categorized by creator type (healthcare vs. non‐healthcare professional), content type (informational, interactional, and transactional), and analyzed for user engagement and quality, using engagement ratios and DISCERN scores, respectively.ConclusionsHealthcare professionals, especially dermatologists, play a crucial role in delivering credible information on social media, supported by higher DISCERN scores. Multi‐platform presence, frequent activity, and strategic content creation contributes to increased reach and engagement. Duration of short‐form videos does not impact engagement. The “Duet” or “Remix” options on TikTok, Instagram, and YouTube serve as a valuable tool for healthcare professionals to counter misinformation. Our study underscores the importance of optimizing educational impact provided by health care professionals at a time when the public increasingly relies on social media for medical information.
Race and ethnic differences in step‐ versus biological parent support to adult children
Authors: Wiborg Corrine E. , Yahirun Jenjira J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis brief report examines differences in step‐ versus biological family support between White, Black, and Hispanic families in the United States.BackgroundThe increasing share of stepfamilies reflects a potential shift in family relationships. Although research finds that stepfamilies are generally less likely to engage in instrumental support than biological families, recent work suggests that the relationship between family structure and family behaviors may vary across racial/ethnic groups.MethodUsing data from the 2015 to 2017 Add Health Parent Study, this report examines racial/ethnic differences in step‐ versus biological family support between parents and adult children. Specifically, parents' likelihood of and hours of providing instrumental support to adult children are assessed.ResultsFindings from this report indicate that for Black and White families, stepfamilies are less likely to provide instrumental support to their adult children than biological families. Among Hispanic families, however, stepfamilies are not more or less likely to provide support than biological families. When hours of instrumental support are examined, White stepfamilies provide fewer hours of support than biological families, whereas no difference is found for Black or Hispanic families.ConclusionFindings from this study contribute to broader work that calls for a more nuanced understanding of the differential effects of family structure across social groups. Future research should consider applying within‐race/ethnicity analyses when examining the association between family structure and intergenerational support.
Association of individual and combined exposures of 10 metals with periodontitis: Results from a large population‐based study
Authors: Yang Han , Hu Xiaoying , Luo Lan , Chen Shengjun , Ma Qinghui , Liang Yuezhen , Cheng Yao , Ye Zihao , He Baochang , Wang Jing , Chen Fa 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimsTo systematically investigate the association between individual and combined metal exposure and periodontitis.MethodsData encompassing complete periodontal examinations and metal detection in blood and urine samples were procured from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011–2014. Three statistical methods, namely weighted logistic regression, Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR), and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression, were used to evaluate the independent and combined associations between metals and periodontitis.ResultsElevated concentrations of blood cadmium (odds ratio [OR]: 1.73, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.15–2.61) and blood lead (OR: 1.17, 95 %CI: 1.02–1.34) exhibited a positive association with periodontitis, even after adjusting for potential confounding factors. The BKMR and WQS regression suggested that the co‐exposure of metals was also positively associated with periodontitis. Moreover, estradiol and albumin were identified as potential mediators in the relationship between the WQS index of the 10 metals in blood and periodontitis explaining 25.36% and 2.02% of the relationship, respectively. Furthermore, generally consistent patterns of associations between metals and periodontitis and mediating roles of estrogen and albumin were observed after a series of sensitivity analyses.ConclusionThis study provides evidence of positive associations between elevated levels of cadmium, lead or metal mixture and periodontitis, which may be partially mediated by sex hormones and oxidative stress indicators.
Usefulness of serum amyloid A for the diagnosis of pyelonephritis in cats: A prospective evaluation
Authors: Kurtz Maxime , Pey Pascaline Bénédicte Marie , Mortier Jérémy , Manassero Mathieu , Da Riz Fiona , Canonne‐Guibert Morgane , Maurey Christelle , Benchekroun Ghita 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe diagnosis of pyelonephritis in cats is challenging and development of a noninvasive and accurate biomarker is needed.HypothesesSerum amyloid A (SAA) is increased in cats with pyelonephritis, but not in cats with other urinary tract diseases.AnimalsA cohort of 125 cats (149 observations).MethodsThis was a prospective study. Group 1 included cats with a diagnosis of pyelonephritis either confirmed by bacterial culture of pelvic urine (Group 1a) or presumed (1b). Group 2 included cats for which pyelonephritis was ruled out (with certainty: Group 2a or judged unlikely: Group 2b). SAA concentration was compared between groups, and accuracy of SAA for the diagnosis of pyelonephritis was calculated using a Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.ResultsMedian SAA concentration was significantly higher in Group 1a (86.8 mg/L [73.3; 161.5]; n = 8) than in Group 2a (4 mg/L [1.8; 5.6], n = 19; P < .001) and in Group 2b (5.4 mg/L [3.1; 9.7], n = 113; P < .001). It was also significantly higher in Group 1b (98.8 mg/L [83.1; 147.3]; n = 9) than in Group 2b (P < .001) and Group 2a (P < .001). Optimal diagnostic cut‐off for SAA concentration was 51.3 mg/L. yielding a sensitivity of 88% (95% confidence interval: [64%; 99%]) and a specificity of 94% (95% confidence interval: [88%; 97%]).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceMeasurement of SAA could be used to rule out pyelonephritis in the case of low suspicion of the disease. Increased SAA concentration is suggestive of pyelonephritis despite a lack of specificity.