bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Natural gas matters: LNG exports still causing debate
Authors: Smead Richard G. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractRight before the holidays, the Wall Street Journal published a widely discussed article recounting the status of proposals to export liquefied natural gas (LNG) from the United States, and the concerns of the industrial community as to the price impact of doing so.1 The article cited work done by my firm, in support of one of the applications at the Department of Energy (DOE), as authority for the notion that the combined proposed exports would have a significant upward price impact.
Functional architecture of the cortico‐basal ganglia circuitry during motor task execution: Correlations of strength of functional connectivity with neuropsychological task performance among female subjects
Authors: Marchand William R. , Lee James N. , Suchy Yana , Garn Cheryl , Chelune Gordon , Johnson Susanna , Wood Nicole 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe primary aim of this study was to enhance our understanding of the functional architecture of the cortico‐basal ganglia circuitry during motor task execution. Twenty right‐handed female subjects without any history of neuropsychiatric illness underwent fMRI at 3 T. The activation paradigm was a complex motor task completed with the nondominant hand. Analyses of functional connectivity strength were conducted for pairs of structures in input, intrinsic, and output segments of the circuitry. Next, connectivity strengths were correlated with results of neurocognitive testing conducted outside of the scanner, which provided information about both motor and cognitive processes. For input pathways, results indicate that SMA–striatum interactions are particularly relevant for motor behavior and disruptions may impact both motor and cognitive functions. For intrinsic pathways, results indicate that thalamus (VA nucleus) to striatum feedback pathway appears to have an important role during task execution and carries information relevant for motor planning. Together, these findings add to accumulating evidence that the GPe may play a role in higher order basal ganglia processing. A potentially controversial finding was that strong functional connectivity appears to occur across intrinsic inhibitory pathways. Finally, output (thalamus to cortex) feedback was only correlated with motor planning. This result suggests circuit processes may be more relevant for future behaviors than the execution of the current task. Hum Brain Mapp, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Task‐dependent activations of human auditory cortex to prototypical and nonprototypical vowels
Authors: Harinen Kirsi , Aaltonen Olli , Salo Emma , Salonen Oili , Rinne Teemu 
Published: January 2012

AbstractResearch in auditory neuroscience has largely neglected the possible effects of different listening tasks on activations of auditory cortex (AC). In the present study, we used high‐resolution fMRI to compare human AC activations with sounds presented during three auditory and one visual task. In all tasks, subjects were presented with pairs of Finnish vowels, noise bursts with pitch and Gabor patches. In the vowel pairs, one vowel was always either a prototypical /i/ or /ae/ (separately defined for each subject) or a nonprototype. In different task blocks, subjects were either required to discriminate (same/different) vowel pairs, to rate vowel “goodness” (first/second sound was a better exemplar of the vowel class), to discriminate pitch changes in the noise bursts, or to discriminate Gabor orientation changes. We obtained distinctly different AC activation patterns to identical sounds presented during the four task conditions. In particular, direct comparisons between the vowel tasks revealed stronger activations during vowel discrimination in the anterior and posterior superior temporal gyrus (STG), while the vowel rating task was associated with increased activations in the inferior parietal lobule (IPL). We also found that AC areas in or near Heschl's gyrus (HG) were sensitive to the speech‐specific difference between a vowel prototype and nonprototype during active listening tasks. These results show that AC activations to speech sounds are strongly dependent on the listening tasks. Hum Brain Mapp, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Disturbed cortico‐subcortical interactions during motor task switching in traumatic brain injury
Authors: Leunissen Inge , Coxon James P. , Geurts Monique , Caeyenberghs Karen , Michiels Karla , Sunaert Stefan , Swinnen Stephan P. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe ability to suppress and flexibly adapt motor behavior is a fundamental mechanism of cognitive control, which is impaired in traumatic brain injury (TBI). Here, we used a combination of functional magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion weighted imaging tractography to study changes in brain function and structure associated with motor switching performance in TBI. Twenty‐three young adults with moderate‐severe TBI and twenty‐six healthy controls made spatially and temporally coupled bimanual circular movements. A visual cue signaled the right hand to switch or continue its circling direction. The time to initiate the switch (switch response time) was longer and more variable in the TBI group and TBI patients exhibited a higher incidence of complete contralateral (left hand) movement disruptions. Both groups activated the basal ganglia and a previously described network for task‐set implementation, including the supplementary motor complex and bilateral inferior frontal cortex (IFC). Relative to controls, patients had significantly increased activation in the presupplementary motor area (preSMA) and left IFC, and showed underactivation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) region. This altered functional engagement was related to the white matter microstructural properties of the tracts connecting preSMA, IFC, and STN. Both functional activity in preSMA, IFC, and STN, and the integrity of the connections between them were associated with behavioral performance across patients and controls. We suggest that damage to these key pathways within the motor switching network because of TBI, shifts the patients toward the lower end of the existing structure‐function‐behavior spectrum. Hum Brain Mapp, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A rat brain MRI template with digital stereotaxic atlas of fine anatomical delineations in paxinos space and its automated application in voxel‐wise analysis
Authors: Nie Binbin , Chen Kewei , Zhao Shujun , Liu Junhua , Gu Xiaochun , Yao Qunli , Hui Jiaojie , Zhang Zhijun , Teng Gaojun , Zhao Chunjie , Shan Baoci 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThis study constructs a rat brain T2‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging template including olfactory bulb and a compatible digital atlas. The atlas contains 624 carefully delineated brain structures based on the newest (2005) edition of rat brain atlas by Paxinos and Watson. An automated procedure, as an SPM toolbox, was introduced for spatially normalizing individual rat brains, conducting statistical analysis and visually localizing the results in the Atlas coordinate space. The brain template/atlas and the procedure were evaluated using functional images between rats with the right side middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and normal controls. The result shows that the brain region with significant signal decline in the MCAO rats was consistent with the occlusion position. Hum Brain Mapp, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Modelling rating curves using remotely sensed LiDAR data
Authors: Nathanson Marcus , Kean Jason W. , Grabs Thomas J. , Seibert Jan , Laudon Hjalmar , Lyon Steve W. 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTAccurate stream discharge measurements are important for many hydrological studies. In remote locations, however, it is often difficult to obtain stream flow information because of the difficulty in making the discharge measurements necessary to define stage‐discharge relationships (rating curves). This study investigates the feasibility of defining rating curves by using a fluid mechanics‐based model constrained with topographic data from an airborne LiDAR scanning. The study was carried out for an 8m‐wide channel in the boreal landscape of northern Sweden. LiDAR data were used to define channel geometry above a low flow water surface along the 90‐m surveyed reach. The channel topography below the water surface was estimated using the simple assumption of a flat streambed. The roughness for the modelled reach was back calculated from a single measurment of discharge. The topographic and roughness information was then used to model a rating curve. To isolate the potential influence of the flat bed assumption, a ‘hybrid model’ rating curve was developed on the basis of data combined from the LiDAR scan and a detailed ground survey. Whereas this hybrid model rating curve was in agreement with the direct measurements of discharge, the LiDAR model rating curve was equally in agreement with the medium and high flow measurements based on confidence intervals calculated from the direct measurements. The discrepancy between the LiDAR model rating curve and the low flow measurements was likely due to reduced roughness associated with unresolved submerged bed topography. Scanning during periods of low flow can help minimize this deficiency. These results suggest that combined ground surveys and LiDAR scans or multifrequency LiDAR scans that see ‘below’ the water surface (bathymetric LiDAR) could be useful in generating data needed to run such a fluid mechanics‐based model. This opens a realm of possibility to remotely sense and monitor stream flows in channels in remote locations. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
WATERLOGGING AND FARMLAND SALINISATION: CAUSES AND REMEDIAL MEASURES IN AN IRRIGATED SEMI‐ARID REGION OF INDIA
Authors: Singh Ajay , Nath Panda Sudhindra , Flugel Wolfgang‐Albert , Krause Peter 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTWaterlogging and secondary salinisation have become serious problems in canal irrigated areas of arid and semi‐arid regions. This study examined hydrology and estimated the seasonal net groundwater recharge of an irrigated semi‐arid region located in the Haryana State of India where about 500 000 ha area are waterlogged and unproductive, and the size of the waterlogged area is increasing, causing a threat to agricultural sustainability. Groundwater recharge analysis during the study period (1989–2010) revealed that percolation from irrigated fields was the main recharge component, with 48% contributing to total recharge. An annual groundwater table rise of 0.198 m was estimated for the study area. Since the groundwater table had been rising continuously, suitable water management strategies such as as conjunctive use of groundwater and canal water and changes in crop patterns by reducing rice crop areas against of other low‐water crops such as sorghum are suggested to bring the groundwater table down to a safe limit and prevent further rise of the groundwater table. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Assessing High School Students’ Reading Motivation in a Voluntary Summer Reading Program
Authors: McGaha Julie M. , Brent Igo L. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractHigh school students talk of summer in terms of vacationing, relaxing, and spending time with friends. Rarely do students say leisure reading will be a part of their summer. This gap in literacy activities often results in a decline in learning, particularly in minority and lower income students. Many schools use summer reading programs with the dual purpose of encouraging reading and to offset summer learning loss. Most existing research on summer reading programs focuses on library programs, young students, or remediation. Little research exists on the nature of school‐wide summer reading programs in high school, yet many high schools use such programs. Further, there is no instrument available to explore student motivation regarding summer reading programs. The purpose of this article is to add to research on reading motivation among secondary students and to create an instrument to measure reading motivation within the context of a summer reading program.
Reading From Different Interpretive Stances: In Search of a Critical Perspective
Authors: Leland Christine , Ociepka Anne , Kuonen Kate 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThis article describes a classroom study that investigated how working with interpretive stances supported eighth graders in becoming more critical readers. The research team included two university faculty members and an eighth‐grade language arts teacher. The teacher introduced the idea of reading from six interpretive stances (metaphorical, philosophical, aesthetic, analytical, intertextual, critical) and used a sophisticated picture book to demonstrate how to use the stances to respond to it in different ways. Students then used descriptions and examples of the stances to respond to written and visual texts. Data sources include field notes, teacher reflections, and students’ written and multimodal responses. The study was repeated with a second eighth‐grade class a year later after revising the definition of critical stance given to students. Findings suggest that students’ use of the stances supported them in identifying inequities, seeing issues from multiple perspectives, and challenging stereotypes.
Directing neuronal cell growth on implant material surfaces by microstructuring
Authors: Reich Uta , Fadeeva Elena , Warnecke Athanasia , Paasche Gerrit , Müller Peter , Chichkov Boris , Stöver Timo , Lenarz Thomas , Reuter Günter 
Published: January 2012

AbstractFor best hearing sensation, electrodes of auditory prosthesis must have an optimal electrical contact to the respective neuronal cells. To improve the electrode–nerve interface, microstructuring of implant surfaces could guide neuronal cells toward the electrode contact. To this end, femtosecond laser ablation was used to generate linear microgrooves on the two currently relevant cochlear implant materials, silicone elastomer and platinum. Silicone surfaces were structured by two different methods, either directly, by laser ablation or indirectly, by imprinting using laser‐microstructured molds. The influence of surface structuring on neurite outgrowth was investigated utilizing a neuronal‐like cell line and primary auditory neurons. The pheochromocytoma cell line PC‐12 and primary spiral ganglion cells were cultured on microstructured auditory implant materials. The orientation of neurite outgrowth relative to the microgrooves was determined. Both cell types showed a preferred orientation in parallel to the microstructures on both, platinum and on molded silicone elastomer. Interestingly, microstructures generated by direct laser ablation of silicone did not influence the orientation of either cell type. This shows that differences in the manufacturing procedures can affect the ability of microstructured implant surfaces to guide the growth of neurites. This is of particular importance for clinical applications, since the molding technique represents a reproducible, economic, and commercially feasible manufacturing procedure for the microstructured silicone surfaces of medical implants. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater , 2012.
Sleep and circadian misalignment for the hospitalist: A review
Authors: Schaefer Eric W. , Williams Mark V. , Zee Phyllis C. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractShift work is necessary for hospitalists to provide on‐site 24‐hour patient care. Like all shift workers, hospitalists working beyond daylight hours are subject to a misalignment between work obligations and the endogenous circadian system, which regulates sleep and alertness patterns. With chronic misalignment, sleep loss accumulates and can lead to shift work disorder or other chronic medical conditions. Hospitalists suffering from sleep deprivation also risk increased rates of medical errors. By realigning work and circadian schedules, a process called circadian adaptation, hospitalists can limit fatigue and potentially improve safety. Adaptation strategies include improving sleep hygiene before work, caffeine use at the start of the night shift, bright light exposure and planned naps during the shift, and short‐term use of a mild hypnotic after night work. If these attempts fail and chronic fatigue persists, then a diagnosis of shift work disorder should be considered, which can be treated with stronger pharmacotherapy. Night float scheduling strategies may also help to limit chronic sleep loss. More research is urgently needed regarding the sleep patterns and job performance of hospitalists working at night to improve scheduling decisions and patient safety. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2012; © 2012 Society of Hospital Medicine
Effects of Border Price Changes on Agricultural Wages and Employment in Mexico
Authors: Prina Silvia 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThis paper measures the impact of North American Free Trade Agreement–induced real border price changes of Mexican imports and exports on wages and employment of agricultural workers in Mexico. I find that changes in real border prices of crops did not affect agricultural wages. On the other hand, increases in the real price of vegetables (main agricultural export) were associated with an increase in employment in the cultivation of vegetables, whereas the drop in the real price of corn (main agricultural import) reduced the employment in the corn sector. This is in line with the predictions of neoclassical trade theory: in the absence of mobility costs or sector‐specific skills, factors moved smoothly from import‐competing sectors into export‐competing sectors. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of cinnamaldehyde on melanosis and spoilage of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) during storage
Authors: Mu Honglei , Chen Hangjun , Fang Xiangjun , Mao Jinlin , Gao Haiyan 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: Shrimp is a very perishable product and postmortem changes occur rapidly. Sulfiting agents were once and are still widely used as a preservative in the shrimp industry. However, the application of sulfite in shrimp may pose a risk to human health. Thus development of a natural preservative as a sulfite alternative to extend the shelf life of Pacific white shrimp is urgently needed.RESULTS: The effects of cinnamaldehyde essential oil (1 and 5 g kg−1) on the shelf life of Pacific white shrimp stored at 4 °C were investigated. As the concentration of cinnamaldehyde increased, residual polyphenoloxidase (PPO) enzyme activity decreased. Kinetic analysis showed that cinnamaldehyde was a noncompetitive inhibitor for the oxidation of L‐DOPA (L‐3,4‐dihydroxyphenylalanine) by PPO of Pacific white shrimp. Based on this study, shrimp treated with 5 g kg−1 cinnamaldehyde possessed the lowest aerobic plate count, total volatile basic nitrogen, and pH values in all treatments after 10 days of storage. According to the results of L*, cinnamaldehyde showed inhibitory activity toward the formation of melanosis.CONCLUSION: Treatment with cinnamaldehyde could improve the sensory properties and extend the shelf life of Pacific white shrimp to 8 days. Therefore, cinnamaldehyde could be used as a promising natural preservative for inhibiting melanosis and preventing the growth of microbes during the chilled storage of Pacific white shrimp. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Managing ecological traps: Logging and sapsucker nest predation by bears
Authors: Tozer Douglas C. , Burke Dawn M. , Nol Erica , Elliott Ken A. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractWe tested the equal preference ecological trap hypothesis for breeding yellow‐bellied sapsuckers (Sphyrapicus varius) along a time‐since‐harvest gradient (1–5 yr, 16–20 yr, 21–25 yr, and >60 yr) in selection system‐logged hardwood forests in Algonquin Provincial Park, Ontario. Yellow‐bellied sapsuckers preferred 1–5 year and >60‐year‐old cuts equally and more than 16–20 year and 21–25‐year‐old cuts. More‐abundant arthropod food and/or higher‐quality sap resources may have attracted yellow‐bellied sapsuckers to 1–5 year and >60‐year‐old cuts. Only 52% of pairs raised fledglings in 1‐ to 5‐year‐old cuts during years when nest predation by American black bears (Ursus americanus) was common, the incidence of which was negatively related to increased availability of American beech (Fagus grandifolia) nuts from the previous autumn. By contrast, 88% of pairs raised fledglings in all years in >60‐year‐old cuts. One‐ to 5‐year‐old cuts were demographic sinks that represent equal‐preference ecological traps in years when nest predation by bears was common, whereas >60‐year‐old cuts were always demographic sources. High‐quality habitat cues for nesting yellow‐bellied sapsuckers appear to be retained for 1–5 years after selection system logging but fail to deliver safe nest sites. Cavities excavated in heart‐rot‐infected nest trees are least likely to be depredated because cavity walls are typically harder and deter entry by depredating bears. Retaining more potential nest trees per ha at harvest (especially American beech with heart‐rot) may increase the proportion of sapsucker nests that are excavated in bear‐resistant trees, thereby reducing nest predation and increasing fecundity. © 2012 The Wildlife Society.
Facile Preparation of a Fully π‐Conjugated Metallopolymer Composed of Fused Salphen Complexes
Authors: Yagi Keisuke , Ito Muneyuki , Houjou Hirohiko 
Published: January 2012

AbstractNovel π‐conjugated compounds composed of fused salphen groups as a repeating unit, embedded with four or an indefinite number of zinc nuclei have been synthesized. The solid‐state absorption spectra, IR spectra, and powder XRD patterns of these compounds are investigated and compared with those of analogous oligomers. The presumptive polymer contains at least five units of the salphen complex and its assembly is highly ordered in the solid state.
Improving Hydrogen Adsorption Enthalpy Through Coordinatively Unsaturated Cobalt in Porous Polymers
Authors: Yuan Shengwen , White Desiree , Mason Alex , Reprogle Briana , Ferrandon Magali S. , Yu Luping , Liu Di‐Jia 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe design and synthesis of a new porous organic polymer (POP) incorporated with cobalt carbonyl complexes through built‐in bipyridinic coordination sites for hydrogen storage are described. A thermal activation process was developed to remove the ligated carbonyl and carbon dioxide in order to expose the cobalt atomically inside of porous structure. Various spectroscopic and physical characterization techniques were used to study the coordinated Co sites and the POP's surface property. Upon thermal activation, this new cobalt‐containing POP showed improved hydrogen uptake capacity and isosteric heat of adsorption.