bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reproductive status of the blood-spotted swimming crab, Portunus sanguinolentus (Herbst, 1783) (Brachyura, Portunidae) landed off Cochin, India
Authors: Josileen Jose , Najmudeen T. M. , Ragesh N. , Sreesanth L. , Baby P. K. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Portunus sanguinolentus (Herbst, 1783) is an important commercial crab with a wide distribution along the Indian coast. In Kerala it is landed mainly in trawls, and ranks first in the landings in most years, recording about 50% of the crab landings of the state during 2012-2019, with the exception of 2014. Females dominate the fishery and their sizes range between 55 and 170 mm carapace width (CW), with 90-110 mm being dominant in the landings. Berried females are recorded throughout the year, without any regular dominance in a particular month, although during March-May good percentages of these are observed in overall landings. Newly spawned eggs are bright yellow/orange in colour, with an average size of 270 μm, and by the time of hatching the colour changes to dark grey, and it takes 8-10 days to hatch to the first zoea stage. Fecundity in numbers of eggs varied between 80 960 and 2 357 004 with an average of 512 914 for females of different size groups from 81 to 170 mm CW. Captive studies showed that the species is capable of multiple spawnings, with a maximum of three in an intermoult cycle. Size at maturity (LM50) in females was estimated at 86.5 mm CW and in males at 80.1 mm CW. All the females were mature above 120 mm CW and mature females below 70 mm CW were not recorded in the landed crabs. The smallest size of the mature and berried females recorded in the landings was 71 mm CW/22 g and 80 mm CW/32 g, respectively. In the landings, males comprised sizes between 51-170 mm carapace width (CW) with 91-105 mm forming the major size group contributing to the fishery. In males, 100% maturity was observed in crabs above the size of 95 mm CW, whereas sizes below 60 mm CW were immature. The smallest size of the mature male crab recorded in the landings was 60 mm CW/16 g. Minimum Legal Size (MLS) was implemented in the state in 2016 and for P. sanguinolentus. MLS is fixed at 70 mm CW and it has been proven that this helps in the sustainable utilization of the resource.
First in situ observations of the consumption of brittle stars by the rare shrimp Phyllognathia simplex Fujino, 1973 in Indonesia and its possible presence in the western Atlantic (Decapoda, Palaemonidae)
Authors: Anker Arthur , Ivanov Yury , Adamoli Jailson V. , Krutz Tim , Ianniello Linda 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The first evidence of the predation of brittle stars, Ophiothela sp. (Ophiotrichidae), by the palaemonid shrimp Phyllognathia simplex Fujino, 1973 (Palaemonidae), is presented based on a single observation accompanied by in situ photographs taken while scuba diving in Bali, Indonesia, also being the first ever observation of the feeding behaviour in this uncommon shrimp species. In addition, in situ photographs of three ovigerous females tentatatively identified as P. cf. simplex from southern Florida, U.S.A., suggest that P. simplex or a closely related species may be present in the western Atlantic. This is the first photographic evidence of the presence of the genus Phyllognathia Borradaile, 1915 in this part of the world.
Epiploic Appendagitis: Systematic Review of a Distinctive Pathology
Authors: Acevedo-Castillo Carlos D. , Macias-Cruz Hannia M. , Ramirez-Cisneros Arantxa , Bautista-Coronado Uriel A. , Moran-Guerrero Jose A. , Guzman Eduardo Alberto 
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Epiploic appendagitis (EA) is an essential cause of abdominal pain that can be confused with more typical causes such as acute diverticulitis and appendicitis. Epiploic appendagitis accounts for 1% of all cases of abdominal pain in adults. The scarcity of information has limited its recognition as an essential nonsurgical cause of acute abdominal pain. Methods: We performed a systematic review of all EA cases published. We searched Scopus, Medline, Web of Science, and Google Scholar to retrieve all available studies from January 2000 to November 2023. Results: 196 case reports and case series were analyzed, with 371 patients with EA included. The mean age at the time of diagnosis was 39 years. Most patients were male (59%). The primary presenting symptoms were pain (100%), tenderness (59.5%), and rebound tenderness (27.4%). The left abdomen was the most common localization of pain (53%). The most frequently identified differential diagnoses were acute appendicitis (26.4%) and acute diverticulitis (16.1%). Most patients (53%) were treated conservatively, and 98 (26.4%) underwent surgical treatment. A significant difference in the choice of treatment was found for signs and symptoms such as rebound tenderness, nausea, anorexia, and diarrhea. Conclusions: Acute EA is an essential clinical condition of rare occurrence that might present a diagnostic challenge, as it can masquerade as another acute abdominal pain etiology. The optimal management of EA is conservative, so a higher recognition by surgeons and emergency physicians is essential to avoid unnecessary surgical interventions and their associated consequences.
Nasal Patency Across Seated, Supine, and Recumbent Postures in Individuals With and Without Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: Lo Sheng-Wei , Tsai Yao-Te , Tsai Ming-Shao , Tsai Hsin-Yi , Chang Geng-He 
Published: May 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effects of seated, supine, and recumbent postures on nasal resistance in individuals with allergic rhinitis (AR) and healthy controls, which has not been investigated in the past. Methods: A visual analog scale (VAS) assessed subjective nasal obstruction, while acoustic rhinometry and video endoscopy provided objective measures. Sixty participants, comprising 30 AR patients and 30 healthy controls, were evaluated across 4 postures without decongestion: seated, supine, left recumbent, and right recumbent. Results: In patients with AR, we noted no significant changes in subjective nasal blockage under various postures (all P > .18). However, significant reductions of minimal cross-sectional area (mCSA) were found (seated vs supine, P = .014; seated vs left recumbent, P = .001; seated vs right recumbent, P < .001) and significant increases in the inferior turbinate hypertrophy were observed on the dependent side of the nose when in recumbent posture (right nose: seated vs right recumbent, P = .013; left nose: seated vs left recumbent, P = .003). On the contrary, healthy controls experienced increased subjective nasal obstruction (VAS scores: seated vs supine, P < .001; seated vs left recumbent, P = .003; seated vs right recumbent, P < .001), reductions in mCSA (seated vs supine, P = .002; seated vs right or left recumbent, both P = .001), and increased inferior turbinate hypertrophy on the dependent side of the nose (right nose: seated vs right recumbent, P = .003; left nose: seated vs left recumbent, P = .006). Conclusions: Healthy controls reported better nasal patency when shifting from supine or recumbent to more upright or less gravity-dependent seated postures, which was further supported by objective examinations. On the contrary, despite patients with AR not subjectively perceiving increased nasal patency while adopting more upright postures, objective evaluations demonstrated an improvement in their nasal airflow in these less gravity-dependent postures. Level of Evidence: 4
Efficacy of ultrasound-guided stellate ganglion block in relieving acute postoperative pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhao Yan , Xiao Xiangli 
Published: May 2024

Objective The efficacy of ultrasound-guided stellate ganglion block (SGB) in alleviating postoperative pain remains unclear. This meta-analysis was performed to determine the efficacy of ultrasound-guided SGB in relieving acute postoperative pain in patients undergoing surgery with general anesthesia. Methods This systematic review and meta-analysis focused on randomized controlled trials comparing SGB with control or placebo. The primary outcome was the pain score at 24 hours after surgery. A random-effects model was used to calculate the mean difference (MD) or risk ratio with a confidence interval (CI) of 95%. Results Eight studies involving 470 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The results revealed that ultrasound-guided SGB was significantly associated with a lower pain score at 24 hours after surgery (MD = −0.74; 95% CI = −1.39, −0.08; I2 = 86%; low evidence) and at 8 hours after surgery (MD = −0.65; 95% CI = −1.03, −0.28; I2 = 29%; moderate evidence). Conclusion Ultrasound-guided SGB is effective in alleviating acute postoperative pain. However, considering the limited number of trials performed to date, more large-scale and high-quality randomized controlled trials are required to confirm these findings.
Evaluating Within-Network and Between-Network Construct Validity of the Hindi Version of the Grit-Short Scale Among Indian Adolescents
Authors: Syed Usama Ghayas , Dixit Shikha 
Published: May 2024

The Grit-short scale measures consistency and perseverance for long-term goals. In the present study, we translated and adapted the Grit-short scale into Hindi (Grit-SH) and examined its within-network and between-network construct validity among Indian adolescents. The participants were 534 senior secondary school students aged 14 – 18 years recruited from five schools across two samples. Grit-SH, along with the brief inventory of thriving and student satisfaction scale, was administered in sample 1 ( N 1 = 310), whereas in sample 2 ( N 2 = 224), the English version of the Grit-short scale was used. Regarding within-network construct validity, the two-dimensional structure of Grit-SH demonstrated an acceptable fit to the data, partially strict invariance against its English version, and good internal consistency reliability. In terms of between-network construct validity, grit demonstrated a significantly positive correlation with student satisfaction and well-being. Overall, findings indicated that the Grit-SH is a valid and reliable measure of grit that researchers and practitioners can use to assess grit among Indian adolescents.
Kaempferide Inhibits DOX-induced Liver Inflammation by Activating AMPKα/SIRT1
Authors: Li Qiang , Li Xing , Zhou Zhenchang , Zhu Pingwei , Tuo Nana , Ge Jingli , Liu Zhaoyv , Chen Dengke 
Published: May 2024

Objectives DOX can promote liver cell inflammation and lead to liver cell death. Ka protects and stabilizes liver cells for the treatment of hepatitis, cirrhosis, and other diseases. However, there is no evidence to suggest that Ka is associated with chemotherapy-related liver inflammation. Materials and Methods Treat mice with DOX or Ka to induce or treat liver inflammation. Then, the body weight, liver weight, morphological changes, and liver inflammation of the mice were measured. Western blotting and RT-PCR were used to evaluate the AMPKα/SIRT1/NF-κB inflammatory signaling pathway and inflammatory gene expression. Finally, the above signaling pathways were verified in liver cells. Results DOX causes liver function damage and liver inflammation in mice. The specific manifestations are abnormal liver tissue structure in DOX mice; abnormal elevation of serum liver function markers ALP, ALT, AST, and GGT levels; abnormal elevation of serum inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α levels; and increased expression of liver inflammatory genes NF-κB, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF, and VCAM-1. Ka can effectively prevent and treat these changes. However, there was no significant change in the glucose and lipid metabolism levels of each group of mice. Further research suggests that the inhibitory effect of Ka on DOX-induced liver inflammation is mediated by the AMPKα/SIRT1/NF-κB signaling pathway. Primary liver cell studies have also confirmed the involvement of these signaling pathways and proteins. Significance This study demonstrates that Ka can improve DOX-induced liver inflammation, including changes in inflammatory factors or genes in serum and liver tissue. Further research has found that its potential mechanism may be related to the AMPKα/SIRT1/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Effect of One-on-one Structured Counselling of Mothers and Family Members Using GALPAC Technique Compared to Standard Counselling on Post-discharge Kangaroo Mother Care and Related Outcomes in Low-birth-weight Infants: A Quasi-randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Ghoshal Bhaswati , Mondal Sahay , Siddhanta Meghna , Banerjee Shyamal 
Published: May 2024

Background and Objectives Kangaroo mother care (KMC) improves low-birth-weight neonatal survival. It is recommended for low-birth-weight babies in all settings and should be continued at home as well. Counselling of mothers and family members is necessary for successful initiation and continuation of KMC. This study aims to use the greet, ask, listen, praise, advise, check understanding (GALPAC) method of counselling to improve the outcome of home-based KMC. Methods This quasi-randomised controlled trial was done in 266 stable low-birth-weight neonates born in the hospital. In the intervention group, GALPAC counselling was done by trained nurses and paediatricians during the hospital stay, through telephone after discharge and by local ASHA during home visits. The control group received routine counselling during discharge and on follow-up visits by the treating paediatrician. Both groups were examined on the 15th, 30th and 60th day post-discharge for weight changes and were monitored for morbidity, mortality, breastfeeding and continuation of KMC. Results The neonates were divided randomly in two groups: 132 in the intervention group and 134 in the control group. The basic demographic parameters were comparable in both the groups. On the 15th day of follow-up, breastfeeding rate was 86% in the intervention group and 80% in the control group, morbidity was 13.4% and 15.7%, KMC continuation was 84% and 71.3% and re-admission rate was 6.1% and 7.04%, respectively. By the 60th day, the breastfeeding rate was 67.6% and 55.05%, morbidity 3.8% and 19.1%, KMC continuation 65% and 47% and re-admission rate 1.8% and 20.2% in the intervention and control groups, respectively. Mortality was 11.2% in the control group and 1.8% in the intervention group by the 60th day. Weight gain was more in the intervention group than in the control group (1,055.30 ± 122.46 g and 745.77 ± 99.34 g) by day 60. Interpretation and Conclusion The outcome of KMC in the intervention group was better in comparison to the control group for all parameters studied. Therefore, one-on-one structured counselling with regular communication and follow-up is an effective intervention to improve maintenance of KMC at home.
Association Between Vitamin D and Asymptomatic Hyperuricaemia Among Adults––An Observational Study
Authors: Hari Rajeswary , Krishnamurthy Ajith , Siva Mahesh S  , Jeyaraman Naveen , Ramasubramanian Swaminathan 
Published: May 2024

Introduction: The relationship between Vitamin D levels and asymptomatic hyperuricaemia is gaining attention due to its potential implications for public health. This study investigates this association, focussing on the interplay between Vitamin D, serum uric acid and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels in adults. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional observational study, conducted from April to June 2023, involved 100 adult participants (65 males, 35 females) from the general population. Participants were selected based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data collection included a comprehensive questionnaire, physical examinations and blood sample analysis. Vitamin D levels were measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, uric acid levels through an enzymatic colorimetric test, and PTH levels via a chemiluminescent immunoassay. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.0, IBM Corp, Chicago, IL, USA. Results: The study found an inverse correlation between Vitamin D and serum uric acid levels. Participants with lower Vitamin D levels had higher serum uric acid and PTH levels. The mean serum Vitamin D level was 32.17 ng/mL, and the mean serum uric acid level was 9.99 mg/dL. The study categorised Vitamin D levels as deficient, insufficient and sufficient, observing significant variations in PTH and uric acid levels across these categories. Conclusion: The study suggests a significant relationship between Vitamin D levels and serum uric acid concentrations in adults, with implications for the management of asymptomatic hyperuricaemia and related metabolic conditions. Despite limitations, such as the cross-sectional design and small sample size, this study highlights the potential significance of Vitamin D levels in the management of asymptomatic hyperuricaemia and related metabolic disorders.
Knocking-down long non-coding RNA LINC01094 prohibits chondrocyte apoptosis via regulating microRNA-577/metal-regulatory transcription factor 1 axis
Authors: Huang Feiri , Su Zhongliang , Yang Jie , Zhao Xizhen , Xu Yaozeng 
Published: May 2024

Purpose The abnormal function and survival of chondrocytes result in articular cartilage failure, which may accelerate the onset and development of osteoarthritis (OA). This study is aimed to investigate the role of LINC01094 in chondrocyte apoptosis. Methods The viability and apoptosis of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced chondrocytes were evaluated through CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry analysis, respectively. The expression levels of LINC01094, miR-577 and MTF1 were detected by qRT-PCR. Dual luciferase reporter tests were implemented for the verification of targeted relationships among them. Western blotting was employed to measure the levels of pro-apoptotic proteins (Caspase3 and Caspase9). Results The viability of LPS-induced chondrocytes was overtly promoted by loss of LINC01094 or miR-577 upregulation, but could be repressed via MTF1 overexpression. The opposite results were observed in apoptosis rate and the levels of Caspase3 and Caspase9. LINC01094 directly bound to miR-577, while MTF1 was verified to be modulated by miR-577. Both LINC01094 and MTF1 were at high levels, whereas miR-577 was at low level in OA synovial fluid and LPS-induced chondrocytes. Furthermore, the highly expressed miR-577 abolished the influences of MTF1 overexpression on LPS-induced chondrocytes. Conclusions Silencing of LINC01094 represses the apoptosis of chondrocytes through upregulating miR-577 expression and downregulating MTF1 levels, providing a preliminary insight for the treatment of OA in the future.
Subjective Experiences of Spanish-Speaking Patients Residing in the United States With Low English Proficiency Learning to Manage Their Diabetes: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Morgan Sandra P. , Moreno Maria , Abukhalaf Danielle , Yan Kailei , Dandamrongrak Chawisa , Morgan Hailey , Menon Usha , Szalacha Laura 
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Language discordance is a known barrier to diabetes care in patients with type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to better understand the subjective experiences of a group of Spanish-speaking study participants with low English proficiency who were learning to manage their diabetes using a language-concordant health coaching intervention. Methodology: This qualitative exploratory study used structured interview data to understand subjective experiences among participants. Thematic content analysis was conducted from a subset of health coaching phone transcripts ( n = 17) performed during a language-concordant health coaching intervention study. Results: Among the 17 participants included in the study, even with language-concordant coaching, participants had challenges in managing their diabetes care. Participants described internal and external factors, such as socioeconomic instability, that complicated their behavior changes and self-management abilities. Discussion: A health coaching intervention in patients with low English proficiency can help to improve health outcomes. Findings from this study can guide the development of health care services and the management of chronic diseases in diverse populations.
Spesolimab: A Review of the First IL-36 Blocker Approved for Generalized Pustular Psoriasis
Authors: Pathak Gaurav N. , Wang Emily , Dhillon Jimmy , Parikh Prachi N. , Esseghir Reem , Rao Babar K. , Feldman Steven R. 
Published: May 2024

Objective: This article reviews clinical trial data that assesses the safety, efficacy, and clinical application of spesolimab, an interleukin-36 (IL-36) blocker, for the treatment of generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP). Data sources: A review of the literature was conducted using the search terms: “spesolimab,” “BI 655130,” and “spevigo” in MEDLINE (PubMed) and Clinicaltrials.gov from January 1, 1950 to October 31, 2023. Study selection and data extraction: Relevant articles in English relating to the pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety of spesolimab were included. Data Synthesis: In one phase 2 clinical trial evaluating single dose IV spesolimab for GPP flares at day 8, 54% of patients receiving spesolimab had a GPP physician global assessment (GPPGA) pustulation subscore of 0, and 43% had a GPPGA total score of 0 compared with 6% and 11% for the placebo group, respectively. Another phase 2 clinical trial assessing subcutaneous spesolimab found 23% of patients in low-dose, 29% in medium-dose, and 10% of high-dose spesolimab had flares by week 48 compared with 52% of the placebo group. Hazard ratios for time to GPP flare compared with placebo were 0.16 ( P = 0.0005), 0.35 ( P = 0.0057), and 0.47 ( P = 0.027) for the spesolimab groups, respectively. Infection rates were similar across treatment and placebo groups, and severe adverse events such as drug reactions with eosinophilia and systemic symptom (DRESS), cholelithiasis, and breast cancer occurred with spesolimab. Relevance to Patient Care and Clinical Practice in Comparison to Existing Drugs: Spesolimab is a first-in-class IL-36 monoclonal antibody receptor antagonist approved for the treatment of acute GPP flares. It is a safe and effective therapeutic agent in preventing future GPP flares, with no current comparator trials with other GPP agents. Conclusion: Spesolimab is a safe and effective treatment for acute GPP flares in adults. Future clinical trials can establish safety and efficacy compared with other agents.
Sex Differences in Diagnosis and Treatment Timing of Comorbid Depression/Anxiety and Disease Subtypes in Patients With ADHD: A Database Study
Authors: Siddiqui Uzma , Conover Mitchell M. , Voss Erica A. , Kern David M. , Litvak Michelle , Antunes José 
Published: May 2024

Objective: Our study examined the impact of sex, ADHD subtype, and comorbid illnesses (depression/anxiety) on the timing of diagnosis and treatment for ADHD. Method: To analyze ADHD patients, four health databases were used to assess subtype, comorbid mood, and antidepressant or anxiolytic drug exposure. Analyses were stratified by sex and age. Standardized mean differences measured intergroup differences. Results: Females with ADHD were identified at older ages and had higher rates of depression and anxiety diagnoses and treatments before and after their initial ADHD diagnosis. Predominantly inattentive ADHD patients were diagnosed later and more likely to receive mood disorder diagnosis and treatment than hyperactive impulsive ADHD patients. Conclusions: Results suggest a more complex ADHD presentation in females, potentially causing late diagnosis and delayed treatment.