bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
More than just your name: Public donations drive inferences of egoistic and altruistic motives
Authors: Chapman Linnéa M. , Valenzuela Ana , Vohs Kathleen D. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe present research shows that public (vs. anonymous) donations are viewed as a sign of egoistic motives, such as wanting to impress others. In addition, such public donations also are viewed as a sign of altruistic motives, such as wanting to encourage others to donate. These perceptions inform inferences of donors' communal traits, with egoistic motives suggesting weaker communal traits, and altruistic motives suggesting stronger ones. Inferences of communal traits impact behavior, with stronger communal traits predicting greater charitable donations. In sum, public modes of giving can decrease donations (through inferences of egoistic motives and weaker communal traits) and increase donations (through inferences of altruistic motives and stronger communal traits). These effects occur in the context of $100 and $10 donations (Study 1) and impact real contributions of money (Study 2) and volunteer work (Study 3). Platform managers can strengthen inferences of altruistic motives by communicating that public donations can motivate others to give (Study 4). Together, these findings enhance understanding of how public forms of giving influence others to donate, which has practical implications for donation platform managers.
Toll‐like receptors in health and disease
Authors: Wang Kunyu , Huang Hanyao , Zhan Qi , Ding Haoran , Li Yi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractToll‐like receptors (TLRs) are inflammatory triggers and belong to a family of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that are central to the regulation of host protective adaptive immune responses. Activation of TLRs in innate immune myeloid cells directs lymphocytes to produce the most appropriate effector responses to eliminate infection and maintain homeostasis of the body's internal environment. Inappropriate TLR stimulation can lead to the development of general autoimmune diseases as well as chronic and acute inflammation, and even cancer. Therefore, TLRs are expected to be targets for therapeutic treatment of inflammation‐related diseases, autoimmune diseases, microbial infections, and human cancers. This review summarizes the recent discoveries in the molecular and structural biology of TLRs. The role of different TLR signaling pathways in inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, digestive diseases, and even cancers (oral, gastric, breast, colorectal) is highlighted and summarizes new drugs and related clinical treatments in clinical trials, providing an overview of the potential and prospects of TLRs for the treatment of TLR‐related diseases.
Supply chain network optimization for emergency materials considering demand satisfaction
Authors: Huang Jindi , Qian Wuyong , Ran Minghao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn order to effectively guarantee the smooth supply of emergency materials under public health emergencies, first, we predict the number of daily infected people based on the modified SEIRD infectious disease dynamics model and accordingly construct the dynamic demand prediction model of emergency materials so as to catch the change rule of the demand for emergency materials with greater precision. Subsequently, under the premise of demand satisfaction, we optimize the supply chain network of emergency materials and embed two insurance strategies in the supply system in advance: multi‐source purchase and buffer production capacity, to enhance the stability of supply chain by sacrificing part of the cost. Next, a bi‐objective linear programming model based on minimizing system cost and maximizing demand satisfaction is proposed with the intention of realizing the design of emergency materials supply chain network, which balances the risk and cost. Finally, through the analysis of the example, we find that compared with the traditional supply chain network of emergency materials, the total satisfaction rate of the supply chain network optimized by balancing cost and risk is increased by 11.70%, while the cost is increased by only 2.04%, which fully verifies the validity of the optimized design of supply chain network of emergency materials.
Depth‐encoding using optical photon TOF in a prism‐PET detector with tapered crystals
Authors: Zeng Xinjie , LaBella Andy , Wang Zipai , Li Yixin , Tan Wanbin , Goldan Amir H. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundHigh‐resolution brain positron emission tomography (PET) scanner is emerging as a significant and transformative non‐invasive neuroimaging tool to advance neuroscience research as well as improve diagnosis and treatment in neurology and psychiatry. Time‐of‐flight (TOF) and depth‐of‐interaction (DOI) information provide markedly higher PET imaging performance by increasing image signal‐to‐noise ratio and mitigating spatial resolution degradation due to parallax error, respectively. PET detector modules that utilize light sharing can inherently carry DOI information from the multiple timestamps that are generated per gamma event. The difference between two timestamps that are triggered by scintillation photons traveling in opposite directions signifies the event's depth‐dependent optical photon TOF (oTOF). However, light leak at the crystal‐readout interface substantially degrades the resolution of this oTOF‐based depth encoding.PurposeWe demonstrate the feasibility of oTOF‐based depth encoding by mitigating light leak in single‐ended‐readout Prism‐PET detector modules using tapered crystals. Minimizing light leak also improved both energy‐based DOI and coincidence timing resolutions.MethodsThe tapered Prism‐PET module consists of a 16 16 array of 1.5 1.5 20 lutetium yttrium oxyorthosillicate (LYSO) crystals, which are tapered down to 1.2 1.2 at the crystal‐readout interface. The LYSO array couples 4‐to‐1 to an 8 8 array of 3 3 silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) pixels on the tapered end and to a segmented prismatoid light guide array on the opposite end. Performance of tapered and non‐tapered Prism‐PET detectors was experimentally characterized and evaluated by measuring flood histogram, energy resolution, energy‐, and oTOF‐based DOI resolutions, and coincidence timing resolution. Sensitivities of scanners using different Prism‐PET detector designs were simulated using Geant4 application for tomographic emission (GATE).ResultsFor the tapered (non‐tapered) Prism‐PET module, the measured full width at half maximum (FWHM) energy, timing, energy‐based DOI, and oTOF‐based DOI resolutions were 8.88 (11.18)%, 243 (286) ps, 2.35 (3.18) mm, and 5.42 (13.87) mm, respectively. The scanner sensitivities using non‐tapered and tapered crystals, and 10 rings of detector modules, were simulated to be 30.9 and 29.5 kcps/MBq, respectively.ConclusionsThe tapered Prism‐PET module with minimized light leak enabled the first experimental report of oTOF‐based depth encoding at the detector module level. It also enabled the utilization of thinner (i.e., 0.1 mm) inter‐crystal spacing with barium sulfate as the reflector while also improving energy‐based DOI and timing resolutions.
Plain Language Summary: Age‐Related Hearing Loss
Authors: Tsai Do Betty S. , Bender Kaye , Keenan Teresa A. , Palmer Catherine V. , Ross Erin J. , Reyes Joe , Dhepyasuwan Nui 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe plain language summary explains age‐related hearing loss to patients, families, and care partners. The summary is for any patient aged 50 years and older, families, and care partners. It is based on the 2024 “Clinical Practice Guideline: Age‐Related Hearing Loss.” This plain language summary is a companion publication to the full guideline, which provides greater detail for clinicians. Guidelines and their recommendations may not apply to every patient, but they can be used to find best practices and quality improvement opportunities.
Investigation of mechanical properties and self‐healing efficiency of carbon fibers composites infused with unsaturated polyester vitrimer
Authors: Rizzo Giuliana , Prasad Vishnu , Yasar Miray , Cicala Gianluca , Ivankovic Alojz , Murphy Neal , Latteri Alberta 
Published: April 2024

AbstractUnsaturated polyester resins (UPR) are widely in composite manufacturing, particularly in the energy, wind, and construction sectors. When these composites sustain damage, defects or cracks, several methodologies are employed to heal and repair them to extend their lifespan while reducing environmental impacts. In this work, the use of vitrimeric UPR (UPRv) as a matrix for carbon fiber composite, was investigated in terms of healing efficiency by mechanical and thermal properties. Flexural and interlaminar shear strength tests revealed healing efficiencies exceeding 40% and 90%, respectively. These results were attributed to the transesterification exchange occurring within the crosslinked networks of UPRv. As described in our previous work, the incorporation of “Covalent Adaptable Networks (CANs)” enables the conversion of commercial thermoset (UPR) into vitrimeric resins, thereby providing reprocessing and healing capabilities. Furthermore, a comparison between pristine and healed composites with Mode I DCB and Mode II ENF tests, confirm how the introduction of vitrimer in composite facilitates the manufacturing of a self‐healing product, with a significant recovery of the original properties.Highlights
Application of a previous synthetized vitrimeric unsaturated polyester resin (UPRv)—fabrication of CF's composites reinforced with UPRv—investigation of the self‐healing property of the developed laminates—potential application as green and sustainable composites.
The temporal transition zone: A gradual approach to a subjective set‐point within the three‐second time window
Authors: Zhao Chen , Mu Nan , Zhang Jiyuan , Bao Yan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEven though in physics “time” is considered to be continuous, how the brain and mind deal with time might be different. It has been proposed that in cognition, time windows provide logistic platforms for information processing, such as the low‐frequency 3‐s time window. The following series of behavioral experiments may shed light on the dynamics within such a time window. Using a duration reproduction paradigm, we first replicated a pattern of reproduced duration observed in a previous single‐case study. Specifically, the reproduction increases as the pause between standard duration and reproduction increases, but only within the time window of some 3 s; when the pause goes beyond 4 s, the reproduction reaches a plateau of a subjective set‐point. This increasing phase is named the “temporal transition zone.” Three more experiments were performed to test the features of the transition zone as a low‐frequency time window. It is also observed with different standard durations (2, 3, 4.5 s, in Experiment 2), and even when the frequency of the auditory stimuli was different in standard and reproduction (300 Hz in standard duration and 400 Hz in reproduction, in Experiment 4). The transition zone was observed only with pause durations of 2 to 3 s; when the shortest pause duration was 5 s, the transition zone was no longer observed, and the reproduction was stable at the subjective set‐point (in Experiment 3). Taken together, we suggest that the temporal transition zone indicates a pre‐semantic logistic platform to organize and process the information flow; in such a time window of some 3 seconds, the identity of an ongoing event is substantiated, building the “subjective present.”
Structured benefit–risk assessment for enoxaparin, in the context of its label extension, for the extended treatment of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, and prevention of its recurrence in patients with active cancer
Authors: Kürzinger Marie‐Laure , El‐Haddad Chantal , Gouin‐Soboleva Tatiana , Fazekas Zita , Granados Denis , Benito‐Garcia Elizabeth , Djoudi Yasmina 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurposeGuidelines recommend low‐molecular‐weight heparins (LMWHs) for patients with cancer‐associated thrombosis. However, until recently, only dalteparin and tinzaparin were approved in the European Economic Area (EEA) for these patients. This study compares the benefit–risk profile of enoxaparin with dalteparin and tinzaparin for the extended treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), and prevention of recurrence in adult patients with active cancer.MethodsA semi‐quantitative structured benefit–risk assessment was conducted for the label‐extension application of enoxaparin based on the benefit–risk action team descriptive framework: define decision context; determine key benefit and risk outcomes; identify data sources; extract data; interpret results.ResultsThe key benefits were defined as reduced all‐cause mortality and venous thromboembolism (VTE) recurrence (including symptomatic DVT, fatal PE or non‐fatal PE); the key risks were major and non‐major bleeding of clinical significance, and heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). Enoxaparin demonstrated comparable effects for the reduction of VTE recurrence and all‐cause mortality versus other EEA‐approved LMWHs (dalteparin, tinzaparin). There was no evidence of a significant difference between enoxaparin and the comparator groups with regard to incidence of major and non‐major bleeding. The data on HIT were too limited to assess the difference between the two groups.ConclusionsThe assessment demonstrated a favourable benefit–risk profile for enoxaparin similar to that of other EEA‐approved LMWHs for the treatment of DVT and PE and the prevention of recurrence in patients with active cancer and thus supported the label‐extension approval.
Use of quantitative bias analysis to evaluate single‐arm trials with real‐world data external controls
Authors: Gray Christen , Ralphs Eleanor , Fox Matthew P. , Lash Timothy L. , Liu Geoffrey , Kou Tzuyung Doug , Rivera Donna R. , Bosco Jaclyn , Braun Kim Van Naarden , Grimson Fiona , Layton Deborah 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurposeUse of real‐world data (RWD) for external controls added to single‐arm trials (SAT) is increasingly prevalent in regulatory submissions. Due to inherent differences in the data‐generating mechanisms, biases can arise. This paper aims to illustrate how to use quantitative bias analysis (QBA).MethodsAdvanced non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) serves as an example, where many small subsets of patients with molecular tumor subtypes exist. First, some sources of bias that may occur in oncology when comparing RWD to SAT are described. Second, using a hypothetical immunotherapy agent, a dataset is simulated based on expert input for survival analysis of advanced NSCLC. Finally, we illustrate the impact of three biases: missing confounder, misclassification of exposure, and outcome evaluation.ResultsFor each simulated scenario, bias was induced by removing or adding data; hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated applying conventional analyses. Estimating the bias‐adjusted treatment effect and uncertainty required carefully selecting the bias model and bias factors. Although the magnitude of each biased and bias‐adjusted HR appeared moderate in all three hypothetical scenarios, the direction of bias was variable.ConclusionThese findings suggest that QBA can provide an intuitive framework for bias analysis, providing a key means of challenging assumptions about the evidence. However, the accuracy of bias analysis is itself dependent on correct specification of the bias model and bias factors. Ultimately, study design should reduce bias, but QBA allows us to evaluate the impact of unavoidable bias to assess the quality of the evidence.
Meaning in life as a moderator of the relationship between bullying victimization profiles and life satisfaction in young adolescents
Authors: Song Jusuk , Smith‐Adcock Sondra 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLatent profiles of bullying victimization were examined to determine membership information and distinctive buffering roles of meaning in life between bullying victimization groups and life satisfaction. The PISA data set (n = 4695) of 15‐year‐old young adolescents was analyzed. Static predictors of membership consist of gender, immigrant status, parental education, and grade repetition. Latent profile analysis, analysis of variance, multiple logistic regression, and multivariable regression were utilized for a comprehensive understanding of bullying victimization memberships and related outcomes. Three distinctive latent profiles emerged: (a) Stable & Resilient (SR) (75.6%); (b) Mild & Internal (MI) (18.4%); and (c) Severe & External (SE) (6.0%). Immigration, gender, grade repetition, and parental education were found to be predictors of membership in the bullying victimization groups. Males, and immigrants, with higher parental education, and grade repetition experience significantly predicted increases in possibilities of membership in the MI or SE latent groups. Meaning in life has significant buffering roles for bullying victimization on life satisfaction. The moderating effect of meaning in life was strongest for the SE group. Implications and future directions are discussed.
Systematic review and meta‐analysis of the implementation and effectiveness of spelling instruction and intervention
Authors: Petersen‐Brown Shawna , Kromminga Kourtney R. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIt is important for students to develop spelling skills, and spelling skills have been found to benefit the development of reading and writing skills. Past reviews and meta‐analyses supported the effectiveness of spelling instruction at improving a variety of academic outcomes including spelling, reading, and writing. This review and meta‐analysis contributes to this research and extends the current research on the impact of implementation characteristics on effectiveness. This review and meta‐analysis included 81 studies (43 group design and 38 single‐case design [SCD]). The meta‐analysis indicated an average effect of spelling instruction and intervention that was small in the group design research (g = 0.319) and moderate in the SCD research (Tau‐U = 0.578). Implementation and methodological characteristics were described, and the nature of the comparison conditions and dependent variable were identified as potential moderators. A significant sample of research represented a range of participant samples, implementation characteristics, instructional practices, and methodological attributes. These results suggest that experimental spelling approaches are generally a modest improvement on existing approaches and that little research has investigated the effectiveness of some best practices, including practices that support individualization of spelling instruction.
Disrupting prostate cancer research: Challenge accepted; report from the 2023 Coffey‐Holden Prostate Cancer Academy Meeting
Authors: Miyahira Andrea K. , Kamran Sophia C. , Jamaspishvili Tamara , Marshall Catherine H. , Maxwell Kara N. , Parolia Abhijit , Zorko Nicholas A. , Pienta Kenneth J. , Soule Howard R. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe 2023 Coffey‐Holden Prostate Cancer Academy (CHPCA) Meeting, themed “Disrupting Prostate Cancer Research: Challenge Accepted,” was convened at the University of California, Los Angeles, Luskin Conference Center, in Los Angeles, CA, from June 22 to 25, 2023.MethodsThe 2023 marked the 10th Annual CHPCA Meeting, a discussion‐oriented scientific think‐tank conference convened annually by the Prostate Cancer Foundation, which centers on innovative and emerging research topics deemed pivotal for advancing critical unmet needs in prostate cancer research and clinical care. The 2023 CHPCA Meeting was attended by 81 academic investigators and included 40 talks across 8 sessions.ResultsThe central topic areas covered at the meeting included: targeting transcription factor neo‐enhancesomes in cancer, AR as a pro‐differentiation and oncogenic transcription factor, why few are cured with androgen deprivation therapy and how to change dogma to cure metastatic prostate cancer without castration, reducing prostate cancer morbidity and mortality with genetics, opportunities for radiation to enhance therapeutic benefit in oligometastatic prostate cancer, novel immunotherapeutic approaches, and the new era of artificial intelligence‐driven precision medicine.DiscussionThis article provides an overview of the scientific presentations delivered at the 2023 CHPCA Meeting, such that this knowledge can help in facilitating the advancement of prostate cancer research worldwide.
Prediction of cell cycle distribution after drug exposure by high content imaging analysis using low‐toxic DNA staining dye
Authors: Takeuchi Kazuma , Nishimura Yumiko , Matsubara Takayoshi , Isoyama Sho , Suzuki Asuka , Matsuura Masaaki , Dan Shingo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractInterference in cell cycle progression has been noted as one of the important properties of anticancer drugs. In this study, we developed the cell cycle prediction model using high‐content imaging data of recipient cells after drug exposure and DNA‐staining with a low‐toxic DNA dye, SiR‐DNA. For this purpose, we exploited HeLa and MCF7 cells introduced with a fluorescent ubiquitination‐based cell cycle indicator (Fucci). Fucci‐expressing cancer cells were subjected to high‐content imaging analysis using OperettaCLS after 36‐h exposure to anticancer drugs; the nuclei were segmented, and the morphological and intensity properties of each nucleus characterized by SiR‐DNA staining were calculated using imaging analysis software, Harmony. For the use of training, we classified cells into each phase of the cell cycle using the Fucci system. Training data (n = 7500) and validation data (n = 2500) were randomly sampled and the binary classification prediction models for G1, early S, and S/G2/M phases of the cell cycle were developed using four supervised machine learning algorithms. We selected random forest as the model with the best performance through 10‐fold cross‐validation; the accuracy rate was approximately 75%–87%. Regarding feature importance, variables expected to be biologically related to the cell cycle, for example, signal intensity and nuclear size, were highly ranked, suggesting the validity of the model. These results showed that the cell cycle can be predicted in cancer cells by simply exploiting the current prediction model using fluorescent images of DNA‐staining dye, and the model could be applied for the use of future ex vivo drug sensitivity diagnosis.
A bibliometric analysis of the review papers in finance: Evidence from the last two decades
Authors: Rabbani Mustafa Raza , Hassan M. Kabir , Dejan Austin , Bashar Abu , Hasan Md. Bokhtiar 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe apply bibliometric analysis to the review papers published in the finance domain, considering 264 review and qualitative studies. The approach applied in this study involves using review studies published in finance literature from 2000 to 2022, predominantly aiming at the pedigree of such papers and unfolding the renaissance experienced by such papers in recent years. We apply bibliometric analysis to know the most influential countries, authors, institutions, and journals publishing review papers. Results of the study identified four literature review clusters: The first cluster is related to ‘corporate finance and financial markets’, the second cluster combines the studies related to ‘financial innovations and Fintech’, the third cluster is related to ‘social finance and financial inclusion’, and finally, the fourth cluster combines the studies related to ‘CSR and corporate governance’. We conclude that the bibliometric analysis and literature review papers are critical for identifying and highlighting the emerging problems in finance and motivating future academics to pursue further investigations and provide solutions.