bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Army Topographic Command Gravity Program in the western United States
Authors: Nilsen T. H. 
Published: October 2011

The Gravity Division of the Department of Geodesy of the Army Topographic Command (TOPOCOM) (formerly Army Map Service) in Washington, D.C., has been involved in various types of gravity survey operations in the western United States since 1965. The Division, with a staff of approximately twenty‐five, undertakes the following activities: (1) land gravity surveys; (2) coastal and lake bottom gravity surveys; (3) a limited amount of research and development, including new techniques for gravity measurement such as a helicopter gravity measuring system, earth‐tide studies, and improvements in surveying procedures and technology; (4) calibration and maintenance of a large number of LaCoste‐Romberg gravimeters at a laboratory near Herndon, Virginia; (5) development and implementation of procedures and programs for computer reduction of various types of gravity data for geodetic purposes; and (6) financial and administrative monitoring of contracts for procurement of gravity data involving TOPOCOM and various university and government agencies throughout the world.The Department of Defense requires gravity data for various geodetic and mapping purposes. Required gravity coverage for selected land and shallow‐water areas is obtained through (1) field surveys by TOPOCOM personnel, (2) contracts with university, state, or federal groups either engaged in or interested in gravity surveying operations in the selected areas, or (3) cooperative programs involving personnel from TOPOCOM and other agencies or universities. In western North America, TOPOCOM has engaged in gravity survey operations on a contract or cooperative basis with the following groups: (1) the Universities of Washington, Puget Sound, Montana, Oregon, Utah, Arizona, Stanford, California at Santa Barbara, California at San Diego, Hawaii, and MIT; (2) U.S. Geological Survey; (3) California Division of Mines and Geology; (4) the Dominion Observatory in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Gravity surveys in Utah
Authors: Cook Kenneth L. 
Published: October 2011

Since 1955 the University of Utah has made gravity surveys throughout Utah in a continuing program to compile a gravity map of the entire state. The field work, compilation, and interpretation of data have been done chiefly by Geophysics graduate students and faculty with financial support provided by various federal, state, and private agencies.The present paper summarizes the progress and results of these surveys since the last similar summary [Cook, 1965]. The earlier paper gave the objectives and results of the gravity surveys over many of the rift valleys in northern Utah.
The U.S. Geological Survey's gravity program in California
Authors: Oliver Howard W. 
Published: October 2011

Since the 1963 gravity symposium, the U.S. Geological Survey has entered into a cooperative program with the California Division of Mines and Geology, the Army Map Service, and several universities for the purpose of completing a 5‐mgal Bouguer gravity map of the entire State of California at a scale of 1:250,000 by 1970. The areal division of responsibility within the program is shown on a map of California by Chapman (p. 542).It is evident from a plot of existing stations that considerably more data are required in the eastern Mojave Desert located in the southeastern corner of the state, and in the Sierra Nevada north of Lake Tahoe. Additional fill‐in work is needed in nearly all parts of the state. The data requirements vary for a 5‐mgal contour map depending on the local complexity of the gravity field; but in general, we are obtaining gravity stations at an interval of about 3 km along roads, trails, and rivers, and 5 to 8 km between these access routes by cross‐country jeep, horseback, or helicopter if necessary. About 6000 new stations were obtained in California by the Geological Survey during 1968 and we expect to obtain about 3000 more in 1969.
Gravity surveys in the Western Transverse Range Province, Calfornia
Authors: Rietman Jan D. 
Published: October 2011

The Transverse Range Province of California contains the major east‐west trending structural features of southern California. It extends from the coast where the Santa Ynez Mountains plunge into the Pacific Ocean eastward to within fifty miles of the Colorado River. This paper briefly summarizes recent gravity work in that portion of the province west of longitude 118°30′For the past fifty years this province has been a major region of oil and gas exploration, and production and much geophysical and geological effort has gone into unraveling its stratigraphic and structural complexities. Within the past few years the petroleum industry has conducted numerous offshore geophysical surveys, including detailed gravity work, in preparation for drilling on the federal leases that were opened in the Santa Barbara Channel in 1968.
Gravity results in western Washington
Authors: Daneš Zdenko F. 
Published: October 2011

Gravity surveys in western Washington have been conducted by this author and University of Puget Sound students since 1962, and about 5000 gravity measurements have been made. Two instruments have been used: Worden meter 358, owned by the University, and a LaCoste‐Romberg G‐68 loaned by the Army Map Service, which has also financed the survey during the past four years.Simple Bouguer corrections are applied to all stations; terrain corrections have been calculated for selected points and soon will be derived for all stations by a computer program written by R. Krimmel. Most stations are located where elevations have been determined by other agencies (USGS, USCGS, Corps of Engineers, railroad and power companies, highway construction crews, etc.), and some level lines have been run by our own group. In other cases, barometric elevations were used, but their reliability is poor. The survey datum is based on Woollard's [1958] network, and is tied into previous or contemporary work by Bonini (p. 531), Stuart [1961, 1965], Jones, [1952], Christensen et al. (p. 548) and Walcott [1967].
Forest Service studies in evapotranspiration
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Studies of evaporation and transpiration are being conducted by Forest Service personnel at several locations in the United States. Methods of study include measuring the response in streamflow to vegetation manipulation on carefully calibrated watersheds, determining radiation and soil moisture indices of evapotranspiration, measuring the amount of water intercepted and evaporated from vegetation, measuring the energy potentials of water in plants, and testing the effectiveness of evaporation retardants. This report includes a sample of recent study results, and it describes a few studies that were recently begun.Water yield has increased substantially on two small watersheds in Central Arizona following control of chaparral brush and conversion to grass. Annual streamflow increases on the treated watersheds have varied from 1.5 to 14.0 inches during the past seven years; the amount of yield increase was correlated with winter precipitation amounts. When annual precipitation was less than 16 inches, the increase for that year was usually less than 2 inches. At 34 inches of annual precipitation, the increase in flow may reach 12 inches or more, depending on seasonal rainfall distribution.
Hydrological Atlas of Canada
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The Canadian National Committee for the International Hydrological Decade has published a set of preliminary maps and a two‐part graph concerned with major hydrological parameters for the Canadian mainland and islands. The four maps and the graph have been compiled as part of the Hydrological Atlas of Canada.The maps are entitled: Mean Annual Runoff (in inches); Mean Distribution of Runoff; Mean Flow; Selected Streamflow Gauging Stations. The graph is entitled, Duration Curves of Monthly Flow for Selected Streamflow Gauging Stations, sheets 1 and 2.
Satellite data help in preparation of weather maps
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The U.S. weather bureau reports the temperature measurements obtained from experimental satellite soundings have proved so valuable that they are being used to prepare the basic maps of northern hemisphere weather. The soundings are made by a device called SIRS, Satellite Infrarad Spectrometer, which is one of the instruments aboard the Nimbus 3 launched April 14, 1969. Beginning on October 21 SIRS soundings were incorporated in the three major analyses of northern hemisphere weather prepared daily at the ESSA National Meteorological Center.SIRS is a 91‐pound instrument that measures the infrared energy radiated by the atmosphere at 7 wavelengths in the 15‐micron absorption band of carbon dioxide.
Book Reviews
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The hydrology and climatology of La Plata River Basin in South America are shown on 17 maps in a report recently issued by the Organization of American States. The maps, accompanied by a 272‐page text, form one of the most complete coordinated summaries of hydrological and climatological data for any of the major river basins of the world.La Plata River basin has an area of about 3,100,000 km2 (1,220,000 sq mi, or slightly less than the whole Mississippi River basin) and comprises parts of 5 countries—Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay. The principal stream course, that of the Paranaiba‐Parana Rivers, is about 4000 Km. (2500 mi.) long, and extends from the Brazilian Plateau near Brazilia, the capital of Brazil, to Buenos Aires, in Argentina. Principal tributaries include the Paraguay, Pilcomayo, and Uruguay rivers.
New oceanographic facilities
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The Regents of the University of California have approved a proposal by Scripps Institution of Oceanography calling for construction of an $18.6 million experimental inshore oceanographic facility.The Regents in their approval stipulated that non‐state funds would have to be used for both the building and the operation of the facility. Although no funds are presently available to the project, there appears to be a strong probability of future federal funding. It is proposed that the new facilities will extend a half mile into the Pacific off the Scripps Campus in La Jolla as a manmade island. The design provides for on‐scene laboratories for special work in biology, physics, and geology; fish storage tanks at appropriate levels; and a harbor for small to medium sized research vessels. A study has indicated that the facility would serve as a tie uniting the advantages of deep water close to shore a major university with a faculty whose function includes both teaching and research, a medical school that is rapidly developing but is still flexible, and an oceanographic institution that operates land and floating facilities, which, combined with the proposed island, would make possible the strongest conceivable interdisciplinary research program. It is anticipated that this combination will make it possible to undertake a broad basic program on problems on man and the sea, not only of how to get him there and back but how to enable him to work effectively and for a long time anywhere on the continental shelf or slope.
Electromagnetic science series
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The ESSA/CU series of short summer courses in electromagnetic science will again be offered in two sections from July 27 through August 8, 1970.Sponsored by the Institute for Telecommunication Sciences (ITS) of the Environmental Science Services Administration (ESSA) and the Electrical Engineering Department of the University of Colorado, the classes are another in the continuing series of tutorial and specialized courses dating back to the radio propagation courses offered by the former Central Radio Propagation Laboratory.
National Fall Meeting 1969
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The meeting was held at the Jack Tar Hotel in San Francisco, December 15–18, 1969. AGU's second western exhibition was held concurrently. The exhibits included: The Combined Book Exhibit, Inc.; General Electric Co.; Soiltest, Inc.; Spatial Data Systems, Inc.; TRW Systems Group; California Division of Mines and Geology; Environmental Science Services Administration; Naval Undersea Research and Development Center; Scripps Institution of Oceanography; U.S. Geological Survey; and the Lunar Module.Just under 1000 registrants participated in what was felt to have been a very successful meeting. The complete program with abstracts was published in the November 1969 issue of EOS on pages 601–700.
International Symposium on Electromagnetic Distance Measurement and Atmospheric Refraction
Authors: Janes H. B. 
Published: October 2011

An International Symposium on Electromagnetic Distance Measurement (EDM) and Atmospheric Refraction was held at Boulder, Colorado, June 23–27, 1969. The symposium was arranged by Special Study Groups 19 and 23 of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG) and was sponsored jointly by the American Geophysical Union and the Environmental Science Services Administration. The ESSA Research Laboratories served as hosts.In the opening address, A. Marussi of the University of Trieste, President of the IAG , expressed the theme of the symposium in the following way: ‘In 1959 the first EDM Symposium was held in Washington. The discussions were helpful to change the mental attitude of geodesists; in fact, it completely revolutionized their way of thinking. It helped us over the step from two‐dimensional to three‐dimensional geodesy, especially with the launching of the first earth satellite in 1957.’
The President's Page: Conversion of physicists
Authors: Landsberg Helmut E. 
Published: October 2011

The time may well be here when academic Physics will again take an interested look at its offspring, Geophysics. This will not be an entirely voluntary action in some quarters but will come about because of the decline in funding for certain aspects of modern physics and because of the tightening job market for physicists. There is little doubt that any broadly educated physicist will be able to find a suitable niche in the wide realms of geophysics.Only a few decades ago there was continuous interaction between physics and geophysics on a broad front. The pages of history of both sciences are studded with the same names for over a century. It was the age when scientists moved easily between the laboratory, the real world, and theory. This was natural for Gauss, Lord Kelvin, Lord Rayleigh, Helmholtz and others. In atmospheric physics, especially relating to the high levels of the atmosphere, the connection never ruptured. The aurora, the ionosphere, the interplanetary medium, remain the happy tumbling place for natureminded physicists. We may recall here that the exploration of atmospheric electric phenomena led to at least one Nobel Prize in Physics, through the discovery of cosmic rays
International Tsunami Symposium
Authors: Zetler Bernard D. , Adams Wm. Mansfield 
Published: October 2011

The International Symposium on Tsunamis and Tsunami Research was held in Honolulu, Hawaii, October 7–10, 1969. Australia, Canada, Germany, Japan, New Zealand, USSR, and the United States sent representatives.There were three seminars: (1) Seismic Source and Energy Transfer, convened by S. Soloviev; (2) Tsunami Instrumentation, convened by Vitousek; and (3) Tsunami Propagation of Runup, convened by K. Kajiura.
New NSF programs
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The National Science Foundation has outlined two new programs, the International Decade of Ocean Exploration and The Arctic Research Program, for which it will have lead agency responsibilities. Plans were revealed by T. O. Jones, Acting Deputy Assistant Director for national and international programs, in testimony presented to the Subcommittee on Science, Research and Development, Committee on Science and Astronautics, House of Representatives. NSF is requesting $15 million for IDOE and $2 million for the Arctic Research Program in fiscal year 1971.Jones pointed out that the goals of IDOE are directed toward practical problems that affect man, and that the first year's efforts will be concentrated factors that will help man predict modifications in the oceans, whether caused by nature or by man himself; (2) Investigation of specific oceanic areas with special attention to food chains and pollutants; (3) Studies of selected areas of the ocean bottom to facilitate location of natural resources and to improve our knowledge of the sea floor.
U.S./IHD Contributions
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Chow, Ven Te, and Dale D. Meredith, Water Resources Systems Analysis; Part 1, Annotated Bibliography on Stochastic Processes; Part 2, Annotated Bibliography on Programming Techniques; Part 3, Review of Stochastic Processes; Part 4, Review of Programming Techniques: Department of Civil Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801: July, 1969.Simpson, Eugene S., Contributions on the Status of Arid Lands Research: Ground Water in Australia; U.S. Army Natick Laboratories, Natick, Massachusetts; 22 pp., 1 map, bibliography; August, 1969.
Notes and commentary
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The Proceedings from the Symposium on Floods and Their Computation, held in Leningrad in August 1967 have been published and are now available for $28.00 from the Secretary of the International Association of Scientific Hydrology.The Symposium was organized by Unesco, WMO and the Government of the Soviet Union with the cooperation of IASH. The Proceedings, published in two volumes, contain a total of 109 papers organized into three sections: ‘General Problems: Theory of Rainfall‐Flood Formation and Methods of Flood Computation,’ ‘Theory of Formation and Methods of Computation of Snowmelt Floods,’ and ‘Influence of Basin Characteristics on the Elements of Flood Hydrographs.’
Graduate education troubles
Authors: McCormac Billy M. 
Published: October 2011

Currently there is much discussion about the state of health of graduate education. There are many complaints that universities are suffering serious consequences as a result of federal fund reductions.This article addresses the university administration and faculty approach to graduate education and the federal funding policy for universities. It also contends that some areas of graduate education are in serious trouble. The rapid reduction in federal funds may overshoot and injure education before it recovers to the proper level. There is an appropriate minimum. Enhanced university graduate education is possible in spite of a reduction in federal funds. A considerable amount of federal funds being given to universities is inappropriate and should be eliminated. The crucial problem is to ensure that available funds are properly utilized. Current university administrative and faculty policies are often injuring those elements that they claim to assist. It does not seem that the academic community is making much real self‐appraisal of the status of graduate education.
A shift in temperature
Authors: Dolezalek Hans 
Published: October 2011

On August 9, 1968, the President signed the Metric Systems Study Bill, PL 90‐472, and investigations are now being conducted under the direction of the Secretary of Commerce.If it should be decided that sometime we shall shift from the Fahrenheit temperature scale to a metric one, it must also be decided whether the Celsius or the Kelvin scale is to be used. In European countries, this is a difficult problem since the population is so well accustomed to the freezing temperature being zero and boiling temperature being 100. In this country, we are in a more favorable situation: freezing and boiling temperatures have odd numbers in the Fahrenheit system anyhow; and to change from 32 to 273, and from 212 to 372 seems to be less difficult. Thus, why not skip the intermediate step of going from Fahrenheit to Celsius? We could go all the way from Fahrenheit to Kelvin. The reaction of the concerned community to this suggestion might prove interesting.
IFYGL
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The complexity of interrelationships of physical, chemical, and biological aspects of the Great Lakes and the use of their waters was exemplified by papers given at the Thirteenth Conference on Great Lakes Research held March 31 through April 3, 1970 in Buffalo, New York.This conference, sponsored by the International Association for Great Lakes Research, included roughly 200 papers on approximately 25 different subjects at 40 sessions during the 4 days. Often as many as 5 sessions were going on at the same time. In addition, there was a symposium on the International Field Year for the Great Lakes.
U.S./IHD contributions
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Gardner, Wiiford R., Neutron meter use in soil‐moisture measurements, a report of a survey conducted by the U.S. Work Group on Nuclear Techniques in Unsaturated and Saturated Zones; Isotopes and radiation technology, Vol. 7, No. 3, 297–;305, 1970.Veatch, Fred M., Analysis of a 24‐Year Photographic Record of Nisqually Glacier, Mount Rainier National Park, Washington, U. S. Geol Surv. Prof. Pap. 631, 1 map, 52 pp.; 1969.
Walter H. Bucher Medal to David T. Griggs
Authors: Knopoff Leon , Griggs David T. 
Published: October 2011

David Griggs was a student of physics at Ohio State University when his participation in an expedition, led by his father, to the Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes exposed him to the notion that the earth itself is a glorious laboratory for the study of physics. This seed was cultivated by Spieker and Bucher, and Griggs went to Harvard to study with Bridgman in order to apply the latter's techniques to the determination of the properties of geologic materials. The focus of his work in the years since has been principally on the nature of creep and flow in rocks.In 1939 Griggs published a singular paper on mountain building that showed him to be one of the first to recognize the pertinence of models of convection in the mantle to the problems of deformation of the upper parts of the earth. His model involved mantlewide convection, which may not be pertinent in the light of recent developments. Nevertheless, Griggs, with considerable foresight, saw the importance of determining the state of motion of the earth's interior as a clue to the determination of the state of irregularity of its surface. The modern notions of plate tectonics have been a happy return to the ideas of David Griggs.