bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Different challenge terms determine disease patterns of antigen‐induced pulmonary inflammation in E3 rats
Authors: SUN QINGZHU , YANG XUDONG , ASIM M. B. RAZA , JIAO FANGFANG , HE XIAOJING , ZHONG BO , LI DONGMIN , LU SHEMIN 
Published: February 2011

Sun Q, Yang X, Asim MBR, Jiao F, He X, Zhong B, Li D, Lu S. Different challenge terms determine disease patterns of antigen‐induced pulmonary inflammation in E3 rats. APMIS 2011; 119: 229–38.Antigen induced pulmonary inflammation (AIPI) in rats, a classic animal model for asthma, has greatly contributed to the understanding of the disease pathogenesis, especially for the inflammation process. E3 rats are recently used to induce AIPI model for its susceptibility to pulmonary inflammation, but the features of AIPI with different antigen challenge terms on E3 rats require to be elucidated systemically. The aim of this study was to compare AIPI disease patterns in E3 rats with different challenge terms. E3 rats were immunized and challenged with ovalbumin (OVA) for 1, 4, and 8 weeks. Histological methods were used to determine morphological changes in lungs and cell types in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Nitric oxide (NO) concentration was assayed by Griess method. IL‐4 and TGF‐β expression were detected by real‐time PCR. ELISA was used for the determination of serum IgE and OVA‐specific IgG1. The results showed that all the sensitized E3 rats had a strong influx of eosinophils into the airway. In 1‐week challenge group, the rats showed stronger inflammation, such as elevated levels of NO, delayed type hypersensitivity, IL‐4 expression, and inflammatory cell infiltration; while in 8‐week challenge group, rats manifested significant tissue destruction, accumulation of collagen and mucus production, and higher levels of antibody production, and TGF‐β expression. Hence, the detail characterizations of AIPI model challenged for different terms demonstrated that E3 rats challenged with antigen for 1 week are suitable for studying acute pulmonary inflammation; meanwhile, the model established in the rats challenged for 8 weeks is appropriate for understanding pathogenesis of lung remodelling in chronic inflammation.
EFFECT OF STORAGE TEMPERATURE VARIATIONS ON SENSORY QUALITY OF FRESH‐CUT CANTALOUPE MELON
Authors: BETT‐GARBER K.L. , GREENE J.L. , LAMIKANRA O. , INGRAM D.A. , WATSON M.A. 
Published: February 2011

ABSTRACTConsistent storage temperature of 2–5C for fresh‐cut produce is difficult to maintain throughout distribution. This study determined the effects of temperature changes on the sensory quality of fresh‐cut cantaloupe. Cantaloupe was processed, packaged and stored for 7 days. Samples were maintained at 4 and 10C (controls) or transferred from 4 to 10C after 24 or 48 h. Descriptive sensory analysis was used to evaluate aroma, flavor and texture after days 2, 5 and 7 of storage. Respiration and weight loss were monitored. Aroma and flavor were affected by temperature treatments. Texture was affected a little by temperature changes. Fruity/melon aroma and flavor, citrus aroma and sweet aromatic flavor were negatively affected by temperature changes compared to control treatments. Musty and rancid/painty flavors and bitter increased due to temperature changes. Respiration and moisture loss were affected more by storage at 10C than temperature change. Temperature increases during storage of fresh‐cut fruit decreases product quality.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSIdeally, fresh‐cut cantaloupe should be stored at 2–5C until consumption. In the real world, this does not always happen. The purpose of this manuscript is to determine the effect on sensory quality when the storage temperature is increased slightly after 24 or 48 h after processing. Slight changes in storage temperature result in sensory quality problems that were not observed at constant storage temperatures of 4 or even10C.
EVALUATION OF SENSORY PROFILE AND P‐VINYLGUAIACOL (PVG) CONTENT IN ORANGE JUICES DURING STORAGE AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURE
Authors: KLIMCZAK INGA , MAŁECKA MARIA 
Published: February 2011

ABSTRACTThe objective of the present study was to determine the influence of storage conditions on the sensory quality and content of P‐vinylguaiacol (PVG) of pure pasteurized orange juices marketed domestically under two popular brands. No PVG was detected in fresh juices. After 12 months of storage of the orange juices at 18, 28 and 38C, the PVG contents were 284, 1,292 and 2,515 µg/L, respectively. Using principal component analysis differentiation of the sensory quality of fresh and stored juices was possible. The quality of the fresh orange juices was differentiated most considerably by intensity of the sweet, sour and refreshing odors, and by intensity of the sweet, sour and pungent flavor. The sensory quality of the juices stored at 18C for 12 months corresponded to the quality of these stored 2 months at 28C. At 38C, the juices were completely changed after 2 months and were unfit for drinking.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSThe descriptive analysis (quantitative descriptive analysis) is a very useful tool for performing a detailed sensory comparative analysis of fresh and stored orange juices, allowing to draw precise conclusions as to the sensory quality of juices. The descriptive analysis could also serve as a reference to instrumental methods used for quality control of storage juices.
APPLICATION OF MULTIVARIATE STATISTICAL ANALYSES TO THE STUDY OF FACTORS AFFECTING WHITE WINE VOLATILE COMPOSITION
Authors: GALLO VALERIA , BELTRÁN RAFAEL , HEREDIA FRANCISCO J. , GONZÁLEZ‐MIRET M. LOURDES , HERNANZ DOLORES 
Published: February 2011

ABSTRACTThe influence of different storage conditions on the volatile composition of young white wine was evaluated during 1 year of storage. The wine was bottled and stored under different conditions of temperature, position and illumination. During storage, a significant increase in total content esters (mainly due to the increase in ethyl butyrate, ethyl acetate and diethyl succinate) and total content acids was detected. Also total content alcohols and carbonyl compounds decreased during storage. Storage time, temperature and illumination have a significant effect on esters content, whereas carbonyl compounds are affected by temperature, and alcohols content is affected by illumination. Stepwise linear discriminant analysis was applied to the experimental data. The results showed that the samples were well classified as a function of storage temperature. On the other hand, a certain trend was observed when the wine samples were classified according to storage time. The samples corresponding to two and four months of storage were well differentiated from the rest.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSFrom a sensory point of view, the aroma influences greatly the quality of wines. The loss of aromatic characteristics in young white wine, as well as browning, take place over a variable period of time which ranges from one month to several years, depending on wine type and storage conditions. Assessment of possible factors affecting the useful lifespan of young white wine is of great interest for the wine making industry. Knowing the chemical composition of wine, specifically aromas, and its evolution relating to different storage and preservation conditions is an important tool in quality control.
INTERACTIVE EFFECTS OF SELECTED NUTRIENTS AND FERMENTATION TEMPERATURE ON H2S PRODUCTION BY WINE STRAINS OF SACCHAROMYCES
Authors: BOHLSCHEID JEFFRI C. , OSBORNE JAMES P. , ROSS CAROLYN F. , EDWARDS CHARLES G. 
Published: February 2011

ABSTRACTMetabolic interactions between yeast assimilable nitrogen (YAN), biotin, pantothenic acid, and fermentation temperature that affect H2S production by wine yeast during alcoholic fermentation were examined. Strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (UCD 522 and EC1118) were inoculated into a synthetic grape juice medium with H2S evolution monitored under fermentative conditions. While a number of interactions affected the evolution of H2S, YAN as a factor by itself was found to be not significant (P > 0.05) for both yeasts examined. Maximal cumulative H2S production for strain UCD 522 occurred in media fermented at 30C with 60 mg/L YAN, 10 µg/L biotin, and 50 µg/L pantothenic acid while minimum production was observed with 250 mg/L YAN and 250 µg/L pantothenate. Similarly, strain EC1118 produced the most H2S at 30C, but with 250 mg/L YAN, 0.5 µg/L biotin, and 50 µg/L pantothenic acid and the least in media that contained 250 mg/L YAN and 250 µg/L pantothenic acid.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS“Reduced” off‐odors of wines, primarily associated with sulfur‐containing molecules such as H2S, continue to be a difficulty facing winemakers worldwide. One strategy for wineries to limit these problems is to add yeast nutrients prior to fermentation, most commonly, nitrogen‐containing compounds such as diammonium phosphate. However, nitrogen deficiency is not always the sole cause for these problems. Rather, the current research suggests the need to consider factors other than nitrogen including availability of biotin and pantothenic acid as well as fermentation temperature in order to minimize these off‐odors.
Telomere length and age in pinnipeds: The endangered Australian sea lion as a case study
Authors: Izzo Christopher , Hamer Derek J. , Bertozzi Terry , Donnellan Stephen C. , Gillanders Bronwyn M. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractTelomeres are the protective caps at the ends of all eukaryotic chromosomes. Because DNA replication of chromosome ends is incomplete, telomeres undergo sequence loss with each cell division resulting in the progressive shortening of their lengths. Telomere shortening with age is known from terrestrial mammals. We test whether this pattern is shared by marine mammals, by comparing telomere lengths between age classes in a pinniped species, the Australian sea lion (Neophoca cinerea). Telomere lengths were measured using a real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method in specimens from three age classes: pup (<1.5 yr), juvenile (1.5–5 yr), and adult (>5 yr). Mean telomere lengths of the adults were significantly shorter than the juvenile and pup classes. However, we were unable to differentiate between pups and juveniles. These findings confirm that the Australian sea lion shares the general pattern of shortening telomere lengths with age as documented in terrestrial mammals. The application of telomere lengths as an age determinant requires considerable development to refine the scale of the age estimates derived, which will require the use of known‐aged individuals. Nonetheless, measures of telomere lengths have the potential to become valuable tools in molecular ecology and forensics for assessing compliance in harvesting situations.
FAITH, FREEDOM AND CULTURAL DIFFERENCE: CUERNAVACA AND CHRISTIAN MISSION
Authors: Fitzpatrick Joseph P. 
Published: February 2011

The Centre of Intercultural Documentation and the Institute for Contemporary Latin Studies are located in the city of Cuernavaca in Mexico. The main emphasis of the Institute is to work with Latin Americans in leadership training courses. Summer courses are also held, attended both by Latin Americans and by students from USA and other countries — mostly Roman Catholics — intending to work as missionaries in Latin American countries.The Institute describes itself as offering “an unusual approach to the understanding of modern man in Latin America, as he experiences the recent and rapid change of all institutions around him”. The Institute accepts as students “both those whose main field of study or research is Latin America and those who seek a new dimension in their understanding of North American social change as contrasted with change in capital‐starved areas of the world”. (Editor's note.)
PARTICIPATION IS EVERYTHING
Authors: Mello Manoel de 
Published: February 2011

This document is taken from an interview granted to the editor of O Expositor Cristao by Pastor Manoel de Mello. We have omitted the questions and consolidated the answers. Manoel de Mello is a leader of the Brazilian Igreja Evangélica Pentecostal “Brasil para Cristo” — a Pentecostal denomination with about one million members. In São Paulo, Manoel de Mello is building the largest church in the world. It seats 25,000 people, and has many additional halls and rooms for adult education, workshops, etc. De Mello was one of the Pentecostals from Latin America who attended the Fourth Assembly of the World Council of Churches at Uppsala. He also was guest of the Assembly of the Lutheran World Federation at Evian (1970), where — in fact — he was, for part of the time, the only representative of a Brazilian Church.In the report below he states the reasons why his church has decided to join the WCC. The editors of the news‐service of the Centro Evangélico de Informação (São Paulo) introduce the report with the following noteworthy remark: “With this ecumenical consciousness directed towards renewal, the Pentecostals should become the greatest revolutionary force in Protestant thought in Brazil.” Editor
Book Reviews
Authors: Fallet Marcel 
Published: February 2011

Book reviewed in this article:Ökumene in Schule und Gemeinde, eds.L'Europe et les Destinées du Proche‐Orient (1815–1848): Unité arabe—Missions chrétiennes—La Question syro‐palestinienne et syro‐libanaise, by J. HajjarL'Afrique noire et la crise religieuse de l'Occident, by V. NeckerbrouckStudia Missionalia, vol. 20, 1971, ed. by Mariasusai DhavamonyTo China with love: The Lives and Times of Protestant Missionaries in China 1860–1900, by Pat BarrLes Chemins de la Mission aujourd'hui. By Robert Ageneau and Denis PryenProspect and Prophecy. The churches in industrial society. By André Dumas
WHOSE HUMAN RIGHTS?
Authors: Bonino José Míguez 
Published: February 2011

Indians, particularly in Amazonia, are being dispossessed of … their lands … Under these conditions, the “Statute of the Indian” becomes “dead letter” … It is not surprising, therefore, that Indians are led to feel ashamed of their race…The poor and defenceless are those who fill the jails, where they are frequently tortured, accused of not having identity documents, or arrested in the course of police “razzias”.“Pastoral Letter to the People of God”The Episcopal Conference of Brazil, October 25, 1976.
EVANGELISM IN THE SOCIALIST SOCIETY OF CUBA
Authors: Ham Adolfo 
Published: February 2011

The Church recognizes that if it is to be the Church of Jesus Christ, sacrificial, fraternal and unconditional love is a necessity; it accepts that the sole reason for its existence is the cause of human dignity and decency always and every where, and makes no proviso about its commitment; without regard to the circumstances in which it may live or the risks it may NII, it participates fully in human redemption (1.C.05).When the Church lives ita historical reality by placing the human being in the very centre of its interest in Jesus Christ, it is not losing its identity as Body of Christ or as Bride of Christ. On the contrary. Even when most involved in the secular, the Church succeeds in carrying out its indispensable commitment to serve and love Jesus Christ, because in him, at the cost of his self‐sacrifice, God radically and unconditionally involved himself in the secular in his redemptive work of seeking full respect and dignity for all human beings (1.C.08).
LOOKING FOR THE ENERGY OF THE SALT OF THE EARTH
Authors: Isshiki Naotsugu 
Published: February 2011

Professor Isshiki, one of Japan's foremost scientists in the energy field, teaches in the prestigious Tokyo Institute of Technology and is an elder in his local congregation (Kyodan). Dr Isshiki developed the safety design for the first Japanese atomic powered ship which, when it was floated several years ago, provoked heated public debate. Fishermen, anxious about the safety aspects, were particularly insensed by the project. Scientists countered with assurances that some of the operational problems which had appeared in the ship's trial run could certainly be ironed out, but popular resistance to the project continued.The people's resistance stirred deeper questions in Dr Isshiki's mind: What relationship ought there to be between his scientific calling and his faith in Christ? Could these two integral parts of an individual be compartmentalized? Had his participation in this project already shown that compartmentalization in his own thinking? Wasn't one's life a whole, a totality? But could these two things really be mixed? Should he leave his profession and thereby resolve the tension? But if he left his post, the present course of technological development would continue, and he would have no means of influencing it. Were not scientific gifts, such as his, God‐given?It was out of this ferment that Professor Isshiki undertook his research into new alternative forms of energy which eventually issued in his invention of the CDE engine, a history‐making event, and, for Dr Isshiki, a gift of God.We asked Dr Isshiki to write something for our readers on the scientific vocation and the responsibilities of a Christian scientist working at this very high technological level. (Editor)
Protective effects of glycyrrhizic acid by rectal treatment on a TNBS-induced rat colitis model
Authors: Liu Ying , Xiang Jin , Liu Min , Wang Shi , Lee Robert J , Ding Hong 
Published: February 2011

Abstract

Objectives
The research compared rectal and oral treatments with glycyrrhizic acid for trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis in rats.

Methods
Wistar rats were randomly divided into seven groups: one normal and six with colitis, including TNBS, glycyrrhizic acid (2, 10 and 50 mg/kg, rectally treated and 10 mg/kg, orally treated) and sulfasalazine (positive control, 225 mg/kg rectally treated) groups. Colitis was induced by colonic administration of TNBS in 30% ethanol.

Key findings
There were significant pathological changes in colon in TNBS-treated groups, and rectal glycyrrhizic acid significantly attenuated colitis. Myeloperoxidase, tumour necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β of colon tissue or serum in the rectal glycyrrhizic acid groups were markedly reduced when compared with the TNBS group, and lower than in the orally treated glycyrrhizic acid group. It was further noted that, in vitro, glycyrrhizic acid (up to 100 µg/ml) inhibited interleukin-6 and elevated interleukin-10 production in lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages, and significantly inhibited proliferation of spleen lymphocytes, suggesting the immunoregulatory function of glycyrrhizic acid.

Conclusions
Rectally administered glycyrrhizic acid has significant protective effects against TNBS-induced colitis in rats, and the rectal route may be a complementary treatment for inflammatory bowel disease.
Expression and functional activity of P-glycoprotein in passaged primary human nasal epithelial cell monolayers cultured by the air–liquid interface method for nasal drug transport study
Authors: Cho Hyun-Jong , Choi Min-Koo , Lin Hongxia , Kim Jung Sun , Chung Suk-Jae , Shim Chang-Koo , Kim Dae-Duk 
Published: February 2011

Abstract

Objectives
P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is an efflux transporter encoded by the multidrug resistance gene (MDR1), which is also known as the human ABCB1 gene (ATP-binding cassette, subfamily-B). The objectives of this study were to investigate the expression of P-gp in passaged primary human nasal epithelial (HNE) cell monolayer, cultured by the air–liquid interface (ALI) method, and to evaluate its feasibility as an in-vitro model for cellular uptake and transport studies of P-gp substrates.

Methods
Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to verify the expression of the MDR1 gene. Transport and cellular uptake studies with P-gp substrate (rhodamine123) and P-gp inhibitors (verapamil and cyclosporin A) were conducted to assess the functional activity of P-gp in HNE cell monolayers cultured by the ALI method.

Key findings
MDR1 gene expression in primary HNE cell monolayers cultured by ALI method was confirmed by RT-PCR. The apparent permeability coefficient (Papp) of the P-gp substrate (rhodamine123) in the basolateral to apical (B to A) direction was 6.9 times higher than that in the apical to basolateral (A to B) direction. B to A transport was saturated at high rhodamine123 concentration, and the treatment of P-gp inhibitors increased cellular uptake of rhodamine123 in a time- and concentration-dependent manner.

Conclusions
These results support the MDR1 gene expression and the functional activity of P-gp in primary HNE cell monolayers cultured by the ALI method.
Ferulsinaic acid attenuation of advanced glycation end products extends the lifespan ofCaenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Sayed Ahmed A R 
Published: February 2011

AbstractObjectivesFerulsinaic acid is the first member of a new rearranged class of sesquiterpene coumarins of the genus Ferula. The genus Ferula can be used for the treatment of skin infections, hysteria and for stomach disorders, such as a febrifuge and a carminative agent. The effect of ferulsinaic acid on the lifespan of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has been examined. Novel data explaining the effect of ferulsinaic acid on the lifespan of C. elegans and its antioxidant power were obtained.MethodsC. elegans was cultivated under standard laboratory conditions in absence and presence of different ferulsinaic acid. Also, animals were cultivated under heat and chemical stress conditions in absence and presence of ferulsinaic acid. Life span assay, determination of protein concentration, assay of malondialdehyde and ELISA for determination of AGEs were performed.Key findingsUnder standard laboratory conditions and in presence of ferulsinaic acid (500 nm, 10 µm and 100 µm), mean life span of wild type animals was significantly lengthened in a dose-dependent manner from 18.64 ± 0.19 days (control) to 19 ± 0.19 (P = 0.695), 20.76 ± 0.25 (P = 0.043) and 22.3 ± 0.29 (P = 0.0291), respectively. Interestingly, in C. elegans resistance for heat stress at 35°C and oxidative stress induced by paraquat were significantly improved with ferulsinaic acid. Ferulsinaic acid was found to significantly attenuate both lipid peroxidation and the formation of advanced glycation end products in the wild-type animals under standard laboratory conditions.ConclusionsFerulsinaic acid had therapeutic efficacy as an antioxidant with the possibility of its use as an antioxidant drug.