bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression of MMP‐7 and MT1‐MMP in oral squamous cell carcinoma as predictive indicator for tumor invasion and prognosis
Authors: De Vicente J.‐C. , Lequerica‐Fernández P. , Santamaría J. , Fresno M.‐F. 
Published: August 2010

Background:  Squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity is a highly invasive neoplasm that spreads locally and metastasizes to regional lymph nodes. This process involves multiple proteolytic enzymes including matrilysin (MMP‐7) and membrane type I‐matrix metalloproteinase (MT1‐MMP). This study was designed to explore the association between MMP‐7 and MT1‐MMP in the invasiveness and prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).Methods:  About 4‐μM, formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded tissue sections from 69 patients with OSCC were immunohistochemically studied using specific antibodies against MMP‐7 and MT1‐MMP proteins. Immunostaining was semiquantitatively scored, and results were correlated with histologic and clinical variables including clinical behavior and survival.Results:  MMP‐7 was observed only in cancer cells, and MT1‐MMP in both tumoral tissue and stroma. MMP‐7 expression was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis (P = 0.03; RR = 3.2). MT1‐MMP showed a significant association with TIMP‐2 (in N+ cases) and p53 expression (P = 0.01). MMP‐7 and MT1‐MMP displayed a survival relevance, and in multivariate analysis they were independent prognostic indicators, particularly in neck node‐positive cases.
DNA ploidy analysis in salivary gland tumours by image cytometry
Authors: Vargas P. A. , Torres‐Rendon A. , Speight P. M. 
Published: August 2010

Aim:  To determine whether DNA ploidy by image cytometry is a good diagnostic tool to distinguish benign and malignant salivary gland tumours.Methods:  A total of 62 salivary gland tumours were studied. Cases were histologically diagnosed [haematoxylin and eosin (H&E)]. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification, there were 14 mucoepidermoid carcinomas (MEC), 11 adenoid cystic carcinomas (ACC), 10 pleomorphic adenomas (PA), 10 carcinoma ex PA (CEPA), 9 acinic cell carcinomas (ACCa), 3 polymorphous low‐grade adenocarcinomas (PLGA), 2 papillary cystadenocarcinomas (PC), 1 myoepithelial carcinoma (MC), 1 undifferentiated carcinoma (UC) and 1 mucinous adenocarcinoma (MA). Paraffin sections (40 μm) were micro‐dissected to isolate tumour areas; cell nuclei were extracted and Feulgen‐stained cytospin monolayers were analysed using a DNA image cytometry system. For each case, DNA index (DI) was calculated relative to internal controls (lymphocytes; DI = 1.0). Cases were categorized as diploid or aneuploid and the proportion of cells over 5c was also calculated.Results:  Fifty‐three of 62 salivary gland tumours were uniformly diploid. Only nine cases were aneuploid: five CEPA, one low‐grade MEC, one PC, one UC and one MA.Conclusions:  The vast majority of salivary gland tumours were diploid. High‐grade malignancies may be aneuploid, and ploidy may be useful to identify malignant change in atypical PA. Further, larger studies are needed to confirm our results and to further evaluate the usefulness of the technique in high‐grade lesions.
Calcineurin inhibitor‐associated oral inflammatory polyps after transplantation
Authors: Al‐Mohaya Maha , Treister Nathaniel , Al‐Khadra Ons , Lehmann Leslie , Padwa Bonnie , Woo Sook‐Bin 
Published: August 2010

Calcineurin inhibitors (cyclosporine and tacrolimus) have been used as the mainstay immunosuppressive therapy for solid organ and hematopoietic cell transplantations (HCT) to prevent allograft rejection and for prophylaxis and treatment of the chronic graft‐versus‐host disease. Adverse effects of these drugs include nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, neurotoxicity, hypertension and gingival hyperplasia. Association of oral non‐gingival soft tissue hyperplasia with calcineurin inhibitor therapy has only recently been recognized and is thought to occur infrequently.We present four cases of oral non‐gingival inflammatory fibro‐vascular hyperplasias attributed to the use of calcineurin inhibitors following solid organ transplantation and HCT. These lesions interfere with function and must be differentiated from other oral lesions, and therefore should be surgically excised.
Neurotized nevi of the oral mucosa: an immunohistochemical and ultrastructural analysis of nevic corpuscles
Authors: Ide F. , Mishima K. , Yamada H. , Saito I. , Tanaka A. , Kusama K. 
Published: August 2010

Background:  Nevic corpuscle (NC), a stacked lamellar structure reminiscent of Meissner corpuscle, is frequently observed in dermal melanocytic nevi. Although the heading ‘neurotized’ is classically used for these nevi, the exact neural nature of NC has been a topic of considerable debate. Neurotized nevi have received little attention in the dental literature, and there was no information on NC in oral melanocytic nevi.Methods:  Six cases of oral intramucosal nevi with a significant number of NC (two completely and four partially neurotized nevi) were examined immunohistochemically and ultrastructurally.Results:  NC was composed of closely piled laminar cells devoid of visible melanin. NC and associated spindle nevus cells were immunopositive for S‐100 protein but negative for HMB‐45, myelin basic protein and epithelial membrane antigen. Within NC, no reactivity for neurofilament protein, protein gene product 9.5 or peripherin was evident. Numerous CD34‐positive dendritic cells were located between nevus cells and often encircled NC. Ultrastructurally, NC consisted of concentrically layered elongated cells with a slender lamellated cytoplasm rich in thin filaments and pinocytotic vesicles. Their cytoplasmic processes were focally covered by external basal lamina and continuous to spindle nevus cells. Occasional NC cells contained a few melanosomes. There was no interposed axon in NC.Conclusions:  Despite the close resemblance to Meissner corpuscle, NC showed no axonal supply. NC cells lacked terminal Schwannian differentiation and appeared to be modified melanocytes with some perineurial ultrastructural characteristics. The presence of CD34‐positive cells, presumably corresponding to endoneurial fibroblasts, further supports an organizational relationship of NC and peripheral nerve sheath elements.
Solitary fibrous tumor of the oral cavity: the need for an extensive sampling for a correct diagnosis
Authors: Lo Muzio Lorenzo , Mascolo Massimo , Capodiferro Saverio , Favia Gianfranco , Maiorano Eugenio 
Published: August 2010

Background:  Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is an uncommon but well‐characterized soft tissue tumor that was first described as a pleural lesion and now is considered ubiquitous, having been detected at many extra‐pleural sites (abdominal cavity, orbit, upper respiratory tract, and oral cavity). Histologically, SFT may show wide morphological variability of both its cellular and stromal components, which may lead to incorrect diagnosis especially when dealing with small incisional biopsies.Materials:  We report on the clinical, morphological and immunohistochemical features of eight SFT occurring in the oral cavity.Results:  Microscopically all eight tumors showed widely variable morphological features in terms of cellular density and stromal architecture, thus simulating benign fibrous histiocytoma, schwannoma, hemangiopericytoma or low‐grade sarcoma in distinct areas of the same lesion. Among these eight cases, five had been diagnosed as SFT, two as benign fibrous histiocytoma and one as low‐grade sarcoma.Conclusions:  In consideration of the heterogeneous morphological appearance of SFT, inaccurate sampling of the mass may lead to misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment. Therefore, an accurate histological examination of multiple tissue sections is advised, along with the use of appropriate immunostains.
Oral manifestation of chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis: seven case reports
Authors: Liu Xiaosong , Hua Hong 
Published: August 2010

Background: Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC) is a rare disorder characterized by persistent or recurrent candidal infections of the skin, nails and mucous membranes or by a variable combination of endocrine failure as well as immunodeficiency. Oral clinicopathological features of CMC have seldom been described in detail.Methods: Seven patients with CMC were reported in the study. The clinical and histological findings, etiologicalCandidaspecies, immunological evaluation, and therapeutic pattern of oral lesions, were analyzed.Results: Long‐standing whitish hyperplastic and nodule‐like lesions with exaggerated deep fissure were the typical and characteristic oral manifestations presented by all patients. The tongue was the most common site affected. Histologically, no obvious distinction was found between CMC and other forms of candidal infection. Abnormal proportions of T‐lymphocyte subsets and positive titers of autoantibody were observed in three subjects (42.9%) and one patient (14.3%) respectively. Meanwhile, four subjects (57.1%) showed decreased albumin and increased globulin, three cases (42.9%) had high levels of ESR. But no iron deficiency was found.Candida albicanswas the microorganism isolated from these patients.Conclusions: Multiple and widespread candidal infectious lesions can be observed on the oral cavity of CMC patients. Hyperplastic and nodule‐like lesion with irremovable whitish patches and deep fissure are the most common oral manifestations of these patients. Dentists, otolaryngologists and pediatricians should be familiar with the clinical appearances of CMC to make an accurate diagnosis. Potential systemic disorders should be concerned to avoid the reoccurrence of oral candidiasis.
Ameloblastin promotes bone growth by enhancing proliferation of progenitor cells and by stimulating immunoregulators
Authors: Tamburstuen Margareth V. , Reppe Sjur , Spahr Axel , Sabetrasekh Roya , Kvalheim Gunnar , Slaby Ivan , Syversen Unni , Lyngstadaas Staale Petter , Reseland Janne E. 
Published: August 2010

Tamburstuen MV, Reppe S, Spahr A, Sabetrasekh R, Kvalheim G, Slaby I, Syversen U, Lyngstadaas SP, Reseland JE. Ameloblastin promotes bone growth by enhancing proliferation of progenitor cells and by stimulating immunoregulators. Eur J Oral Sci 2010; 118: 451–459. © 2010 Eur J Oral SciIn this study, we examined the role of the enamel matrix protein, ameloblastin, in bone growth and remodelling, and attempted to identify some of the molecular mechanisms involved in these processes. The effects of recombinant ameloblastin (rAmbn) were testedin vivoin rats, andin vitroin primary human mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and osteoclasts. We used a microarray technique to identify genes that were regulated in human osteoblasts and verified our findings using multiplex protein analysis and real‐time RT‐PCR. Recombinant ameloblastin was found to stimulate bone healingin vivo, and to enhance the proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells and osteoblasts, as well as the differentiation of osteoclast precursor cellsin vitro. The most profound effect was on the regulation of genes related to immune responses as well as on the expression of cytokines and markers of bone cell differentiation, indicating that ameloblastin has an effect on mesenchymal cell differentiation. A receptor has not yet been identified, but we found rAmbn to induce, directly and indirectly, signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 1 and 2 and downstream factors in the interferon pathway.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Trophoblasts and Shear Stress Induce an Asymmetric Distribution of ICAM‐1 in Uterine Endothelial Cells
Authors: Cao Tim C. , Thirkill Twanda L. , Wells Mark , Barakat Abdul I. , Douglas Gordon C. 
Published: August 2010

Problem  We have used an in vitro co‐culture system consisting of early gestation macaque trophoblasts cultured on top of human uterine microvascular endothelial cells (UtMVECs) to investigate the inflammatory response of endothelial cells to trophoblasts under shear stress conditions.Method of study  Uterine microvascular endothelial cells and trophoblasts were co‐cultured in a parallel plate chamber under shear stress (15 dyn/cm2) conditions. The distribution and expression of endothelial intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1) was quantified by immunofluorescence image analysis and flow cytometry. Endothelial regulated upon activation normal T‐cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) secretion was measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and permeability was assessed using fluorescein isothiocyanate‐dextran.Results  Intercellular adhesion molecule‐1, but not vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1 or platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule‐1, was re‐distributed towards the downstream edge of endothelial cells when the cells were co‐cultured with trophoblasts under shear stress conditions. Changes in ICAM‐1 distribution were also observed when UtMVECs were co‐cultured with trophoblast‐conditioned medium under shear stress conditions. Incubation of UtMVECs with trophoblast‐conditioned medium increased endothelial permeability, RANTES secretion, and trophoblast adhesion.Conclusion  These data support the idea that trophoblasts induce an inflammatory response in uterine endothelial cells that could enhance trophoblast invasion and transmigration.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Supporting the Hypothesis of Pregnancy As a Tumor: Survivin Is Upregulated in Normal Pregnant Mice and Participates in Human Trophoblast Proliferation
Authors: Fest Stefan , Brachwitz Nadja , Schumacher Anne , Zenclussen Maria Laura , Khan Faisal , Wafula Paul O. , Casalis Pablo A. , Fill Sara , Costa Serban‐Dan , Mor Gil , Volk Hans‐Dieter , Lode Holger N. , Zenclussen Ana Claudia 
Published: August 2010

Problem  Survivin, a tumor‐promoting antiapoptotic molecule, is expressed in the human placenta. Here, we analyzed its expression during normal and pathological murine pregnancy and investigated its participation in human first trimester trophoblast cell survival and proliferation.Method of study  We first analyzed the expression of survivin on the mRNA and protein level at the fetal–maternal interface of normal pregnant (CBA/J × BALB/c) and abortion‐prone (CBA/J × DBA/2J) mice at different pregnancy stages by RT‐PCR and immunohistochemistry. We also evaluated apoptosis in murine trophoblasts in both mating combinations by TUNEL technique. Functional studies were carried out by knockdown survivin by means of siRNA methodology in two human first trimester trophoblast cell lines [Swan.71 (Sw.71) and HTR8 (H8)].Results  We observed a peak in mRNA levels on day 5 and a peak of protein levels on day 8 of pregnancy in both combinations. The level of survivin in animals from the abortion‐prone group was decreased compared with normal pregnant mice on day 8, which was accompanied by elevated apoptosis rates. In later pregnancy stages (days 10 and 14), survivin levels decreased to levels comparable to those observed right after fecundation in both groups. Transfection of human first trimester cell lines (H8 and Sw.71) with siRNA targeting the survivin gene led to a 76–82% reduction of its expression leading to reduced trophoblast cell viability and proliferation.Conclusion  Our findings suggest an important role of survivin to promote trophoblast cell survival and proliferation during placentation, thus maintaining pregnancy. The pregnancy‐associated expression of a cancer molecule such as survivin supports the ‘pseudo‐malignancy’ hypothesis of pregnancy. Our data may contribute to the better understanding of trophoblast cell development during implantation and placentation.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Activation of TLR3 in the Trophoblast is Associated with Preterm Delivery
Authors: Koga Kaori , Cardenas Ingrid , Aldo Paulomi , Abrahams Vikki M. , Peng Bing , Fill Sara , Romero Roberto , Mor Gil 
Published: August 2010

Problem  Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) recognize conserved sequences on the surface of pathogens and trigger effector cell functions. Previously, we described the expression of TLR3 by human trophoblast and their ability to respond to (Poly[I:C]). Here we evaluate the effect of Poly[I:C] on mouse pregnancy and characterize the local and systemic response.Method of study  C57B/6 wild type (wt) and TLR3 knockout (TLR3KO) mice were treated with Poly[I:C] at 16.5 dpc and pregnancy outcome recorded. Morphologic changes, cytokines and chemokines levels in blood and utero‐placental tissue were determined. NF‐κB pathway was evaluated in vivo and in vitro.Results  Poly[I:C] in C57B/6 wt mice caused preterm delivery within 24 hr (4.5 mg/kg). No effect was observed in TLR3KO mice. In addition, we observed local (placenta) and systemic (serum) response characterized by increased production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. The NF‐κB pathway was activated by Poly[I:C] in human and mice trophoblast cells.Conclusion  We report that Poly[I:C] induces preterm delivery via TLR3‐dependent manner. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the trophoblast is able to recognize Poly[I:C] through TLR3 and respond to viral infection, modulating the immune system at the feto‐maternal interface.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE: TH1 – TH2 Response and the Atopy Risk in Patients with Reproduction Failure
Authors: Hanzlikova Jana , Ulcova‐Gallova Zdenka , Malkusova Ivana , Sefrna Frantisek , Panzner Petr 
Published: August 2010

Problem  Enhanced TH2 activity is characteristic for atopic diseases and is observed also in physiological pregnancy. The immune causes of repeated pregnancy losses and/or repeated in vitro fertilization failure may be associated with TH2 hypoactivity. The association with frequency of atopic diseases is unclear.Method of Study  Intracellular production of IL‐4 and IFN‐γ by peripheral CD4+ T lymphocytes was studied, as well as serum levels of total and allergen specific IgE. Simultaneously skin prick tests with inhalant allergens were performed, and clinical features of atopy were registered by means of a questionnaire.Results  Lower intracellular production of IL‐4 by peripheral CD4+ T cells and lower frequency of elevated total and allergen specific IgE were found in women with reproduction failure compared to controls, as well as lower frequency of some symptoms possibly associated with atopy.Conclusion  Our study showed the presence of TH2 hypoactivity in women with reproduction failure, which may be associated with lower occurrence of atopic diseases.
Effect of two aerobic training regimens on the cardiorespiratory response of prepubertal boys and girls
Authors: Mandigout S , Melin A , Lecoq AM , Courteix D , Obert P 
Published: August 2010

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of two endurance training regimens of varying duration and frequency on maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max) of prepubertal boys and girls. The subjects consisted of 84 prepubertal children, aged 10–11 y. Two groups, EG1 (n= 36) and EG2 (n= 20), were involved in a 13 wk endurance training programme (intensity: higher than 80% of maximal heart rate for both groups; frequency: 3 and 2 sessions per week; duration: 25–35 min and 15–20 min per session in the target zone, for EG1 and EG2, respectively). Another group of 28 children served as a control group. Each subject performed a continuous and progressive exercise test to exhaustion on a cycle ergometer to evaluate V̇O2max before and after the 13 wk study period. The main findings of this study were: (i) there was no improvement in V̇O2max after a training programme with the following characteristics: 2 sessions per week with 15–20 min of exercise performed at an intensity higher than 80% of maximal heart rate; (ii) a V̇O2max enhancement (on average +7%) was seen only in children who participated in a training programme organized on the basis of three sessions per week during which exercise intensities higher than 80% of maximal heart rate were sustained for at least 25 min per session; and (iii) there was no gender difference in the training response. Conclusion: It appeared from this longitudinal study that only a programme with continuous activity, organized on the basis of three sessions per week, with 25–35 min at an intensity higher than 80% of maximal heart rate at each session, enhanced V̇O2max in prepubertal boys and girls.
Psychomotor development in preschool children exposed to antiepileptic drugs in utero
Authors: Wide K , Henning E , Tomson T , Winbladh B 
Published: August 2010

The aim of this study was to assess psychomotor development with the Griffiths' test in preschool children exposed to antiepileptic drags (AED) in utero. The study sample consisted of 76 children exposed to AED in utero and 71 unexposed children. The children (exposed and unexposed) have since birth been included in a population‐based longitudinal follow‐up study of children born to women with meticulously treated epilepsy during pregnancy, initiated in 1985. In total, 67 exposed and 66 unexposed children were tested with the Griffiths' test, which consists of 6 subsets: locomotor function, personal and social behaviour, hearing and speech, eye and hand coordination, performance, and practical reasoning. There was no significant difference in the global scores of the Griffiths' test between the two groups of children. Children exposed to phenytoin in utero (n= 16) showed a significant but subtle reduction in the scores for locomotor development compared with the unexposed children (mean scores: 98 vs 106; 95% confidence interval for the difference in mean scores: −14.0 to −0.4). There was no such difference for the children exposed to carbamazepine in utero (n= 35). The exposed children had significantly fewer siblings (p < 0.01). A significant number of the mothers with AED treatment had no higher level of education than compulsory school (p < 0.01). No other differences in socioeconomic status were observed between the groups. Conclusion: The subtle delay in locomotor development evaluated with the Griffiths' test at 4.5‐5 y of age in children exposed to phenytoin may indicate a subtle influence on psychomotor development, which may be more obvious at school age; thus, larger studies and further follow‐up are warranted.
Main diagnosis and cause of death in a neonatal intensive care unit: do clinicians and pathologists agree?
Authors: Feria‐Kaiser C , Furuya MEY , Vargas MH , Rodríguez A , Cantú MA ,   the Mortality Committee
Published: August 2010

Aim: To determine the agreement rates between clinical and autopsy diagnoses in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), distinguishing between the main diagnosis and cause of death. Methods: Clinical and autopsy records of 75 infants who died in two consecutive years in the NICU (autopsy rate 42.6%) of a pediatric hospital in Mexico City were reviewed. Results: Ninety‐two percent of main clinical diagnoses were confirmed by autopsy. Four conditions (congenital cardiopathy, prematurity, specific congenital syndromes and hyaline membrane disease) accounted for more than two‐thirds of diagnoses. However, for cause of death, the global agreement was only 50%. The most common conditions considered by clinicians (77%) and pathologists (56%) to be the causes of death were cardiogenic, septic or mixed shocks. Additionally, clinicians omitted 34 relevant conditions in 30 (40.0%) patients, and 21 of these conditions possibly played a role in the deaths of 17 (22.7%) patients. The most frequently omitted diagnosis was pneumonia, in 9 (26.5%) patients. Omissions were not related to gestational age, age at death, days as an inpatient, or gender. Conclusion: Despite a high agreement rate in the main diagnoses, notable imprecisions were present regarding cause of death and antemortem overlooking of potentially fatal conditions, confirming the useful role of autopsy to verify clinical diagnoses and suggesting that differentiation between the main diagnosis and cause of death should be carried out in future studies.