bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Awards presented at the Spring Meeting: Eighth Presentation: Walter H. Bucher Medal to Bruce C. Heezen for Original Contribution to the Basic Knowledge of the Earth's Crust
Authors: Heezen Bruce Charles 
Published: October 2011

It is with a deep sense of honor that I have prepared this citation for Professor Bruce Charles Heezen as the recipient of the Walter Bucher Award at our American Geophysical Union Banquet Dinner. Bruce has gained a world‐wide reputation for his continuing and total dedication to the understanding of submarine geologic features, from ripple marks to the Mid‐Oceanic Ridge. The physiographic maps drawn with his distinguished research associate, Marie Tharp, still serve as our first conceptual introduction to the physiography of our planet.Professor Heezen continues to strive toward having explanations for what he observes from his exceptionally perceptive eyes. He and Marie have provided first insights into many concepts now considered mundane. An example is the first realization of the continuity of the globe‐circling Mid‐Oceanic Ridge. This discovery quickly led to the present understanding of our dynamic earth and to processes of Sea floor construction and destruction.
Oceanlab planned as most advanced underwater lab
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration is looking at proposals for Oceanlab, a national facility for underwater science and engineering. Planned as the world's most advanced mobile underwater laboratory, Oceanlab should have a range of about 1850 km on the surface and as much as 185 km submerged.A companion ‘lockout‐minisub’ to be carried piggy‐back is described as a vehicle a little over 10 meters long with room for 6 persons—2 vehicle operators and 4 divers who can operate from a pressurized compartment. It will have a submerged range of 37–55.5 km and a top speed of about 3 knots.
Computerized earthquake catalog developed in California
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

A computerized earthquake catalog system that integrates basic information on all earthquakes reported in California has been developed by that state's Division of Mines and Geology. The system provides for file generation and maintenance and for data retrieval. Earthquake records can be selected according to magnitude, date of occurrence, geographical coordinates, and other parameters.Seismologists Charles R. Real and Tousson R. Toppozada explain that earthquake recurrence studies can be made within any desired area. The size of search area can be computed, and the recurrence coefficients can be determined by least squares and maximum likelihood techniques.
Ideas for U.S./USSR cooperation wanted
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Suggestions for new areas of cooperative study with the Soviet Union are welcomed by the Joint Commissions Working Group of the National Science Foundation (NSF), which is reviewing activities of the working groups under the Agreement on Cooperation in the Fields of Science and Technology (S&T). The main objective of the agreement, recently renewed for a second 5‐year term, was to ‘provide broad opportunities for both parties to combine the efforts of their scientists and specialists in working on major problems, whose solution will promote the progress of science and technology for the benefit of both countries and of mankind.’Cooperation between the United States and the USSR involves the exchange of scientists, the exchange of information and documents, joint development and implementation of projects in both basic and applied sciences, joint research, joint conferences, and other forms of cooperation agreed to by both sides.
Cenop funded for first two years
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

As the search for oil and gas is extended into deeper parts of the ocean basins, the small fossils and chemical variations in sediments used to determine the age of sedimentary layers become of more and more practical interest.A four‐year project called Cenop, for Cenozoic paleooceanography, will concentrate on subjects ranging from the evolution of polar glaciation to the effect on life of changes in the ocean.
France, United States agree on ocean programs
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Joint scientific and technical cooperation in four areas of oceanography were approved at a recent U.S.‐French meeting. The 2‐year study will include sea floor spreading in the Pacific, exchange of information on means of controlling oil pollution, marine environmental research, and research in diving medicine.The East Pacific Rise (21°N) off the coast of Mexico will be the site of the major sea floor spreading study. The French submersible Cyana will be used in the area in 1978, and the U.S. Navy submersible Alvin from the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution will be used in 1979. Mexican scientists will participate also.
President's Page: From Eos to Nyx
Authors: Maxwell A. E. 
Published: October 2011

During the past two years, I have had the privilege of using this page to present my views on topics that I considered to be of interest and importance to AGU members. Response to these views has ranged from appreciation to scorn—seldom have they been ignored. The members of AGU are concerned about their society and the activities in which it chooses to engage. This concern testifies to the health of the Union.Since this is my final opportunity as your president to write this page, rather than pontificate on yet another issue, I prefer to invoke my prerogative and divert this space for my personal use. I wish to take this occasion to express my gratitude to all those members who have participated actively in AGU affairs during my tenure. I refer not only to the Union and section officers but also to the staff, committee members, editors, special representatives, and those of you who have taken time to write or participate in other ways. For herein lies the true strength of our Union. I urge others to share in this rewarding activity, particularly the younger members, since it is you who have the greatest stake in the direction the Union takes. Small course corrections now will in the future prove to have been critical decision points, and you can influence these corrections.
Scientific and technological considerations in water resources policy
Authors: Ackermann William C. , Allee David J. , Amorocho Jaime , Haimes Yacov Y. , Hall Warren A. , Mead Elwood , Meserve Richard A. , Patrick Ruth , Smith Philip M. 
Published: October 2011

Most important domestic problems faced in the United States today are affected by policies for the management of our water resources. Energy, the environment, food production, regional economic development, even our international balance of trade, are all affected directly or indirectly by water resources management. Often there is too much or too little management, or it occurs in the wrong place, at the wrong time, or in the wrong way to serve the many demands. The combination of all these inadequacies constitutes what is generally referred to as ‘the water problem.’The nature of the problem and our perception of it have been changing over time. In part, this is because our understanding of the physical, chemical, biological, economic, and social aspects of water resources has grown rapidly. Long‐term climatic variations, for example, have become much more important to us, since we perceive that our water uses are encroaching more demandingly upon available supply. And the relations of organisms to their environment have become more important as we have come to note the magnitude of our pollution discharges and the interdependencies between man and his environment. In part, the change results as well from the fact that values, as well as relevant organizational and institutional structures, have been in flux. Increased concern for environmental protection, for example, has resulted in changing attitudes toward and demands on our water resources.
Shelf sediments probed for instability clues
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Determining the structural stability of sediments requires probing the microscopic world of soil particles to measure such unconventional quantities as the amount of water between sediment particles, or ‘pore pressure,’ and the mierostructure, or fabric, of clay sediments. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration recently completed a 2‐year series of measurements of pore pressure in sediments where they lie: in their pressurized underwater environment.Richard Bennett and other NOAA researchers took measurements in the shallow marine waters in heavily drilled shelf areas south of the Mississippi Delta, using a 19‐m weighted cylindrical probe. Deployed from a ship, it digs into the soft sediment floor, sensing pore pressure at three locations along its length. This information is recorded by equipment on a nearby oil platform.
New NAIC ionospheric facility planned near Arecibo
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The National Astronomy and Ionosphere Center (NAIC) is building a High Frequency Ionospheric Modification Facility near Arecibo, Puerto Rico. When completed in June of next year, the facility will be able to deliver an effective power of 160 million W to the area of the ionosphere under study. This will be accomplished by an array of antennas covering more than 8 ha that will focus power from four 200,000‐W transmitters.The new HF facility will replace an ionospheric heating apparatus now mounted occasionally on the main Arecibo telescope. The other device operates at lower power, requiring other experiments to stop while it is in operation.
Data plans ready for Garp's 1979 Global Weather Experiment
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Many observational systems are now operational for the Global Weather Experiment of the Global Atmospheric Research Program (Garp).The Global Weather Experiment (formerly called the First Garp Global Experiment), to be conducted during 1979, will obtain the most comprehensive set of weather data ever gathered. The coordinated international effort will augment the existing World Meteorological Organization (WMO) World Weather Watch observational system, focusing particularly on additional observations in data‐sparse tropical oceanic regions.Two special observing periods (SOP's) have been scheduled in the year‐long experiment period, during which both in situ and remote observational systems will be operated by many countries.
Volcanic activity
Authors: Schubert Carlos , Landsberg Helmut 
Published: October 2011

I read with interest the recent paper entitled ‘Geophysical Predictions: Overview and Recommendations’ (July 1 978 EOS, pp. 710–718).Of particular interest to me was the location of a volcanic eruption center in central‐northwestern Venezuela (Figure 4). In this area, to my knowledge, there is no volcanic activity, and there has not been, at least in the Quaternary and possibly as far back as the Late Cretaceous. There are only minor fumarolic shows which are located along the Boconó and other active faults. Between the Eastern Cordillera (Colombia)‐Sierra de Perijá (Venezuela) and the Lesser Antilles, no tectonic environment conducive to volcanism is found.
Section business meetings
Authors: Wilcox Luman , Steele Timothy D. , Mooers Chris 
Published: October 2011

A business meeting of the AGU Geodesy Section convened on December 7,1978, in San Francisco, California. Section President Bernard Chovitz opened the meeting with a summary of the major actions taken by the AGU Council during its session on December 3, 1978.He then announced that a number of special sessions are planned by the Geodesy Section for the 1979 Spring Meeting. There will be a session on applications of satellite altimetry in coordination with the Oceanography Section. A session on advanced positioning systems will be planned in coordination with the American Congress on Surveying and Mapping (ACSM). There will also be a session keyed to the general theme for the 1979 Spring Meeting: Retrospect of the Apollo Program. Suitable topics for this session include the gravity field of the moon, lunar laser ranging, and control nets on the moon. A poster session will be attempted for the first time by the AGU Geodesy Section at the Spring Meeting.
Predictable mudflows
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The spring mudflows triggered by melting winter snowpack that have proven disastrous in the past in the Wrightwood, California, area may be predictable a year or two before they occur, according to a new U.S. Geological Survey report.The USGS report notes that the recurring landslides and mudflows in the Wrightwood area appear to be part of a three‐stage cycle. Data collected during the past 12 years suggest that climatic and geologic conditions could be used to predict the occurrence of the spring mudflow stage in time to allow the application of mitigation measures and to warn local residents. Other types of mudflows caused by cloudburst or excessive rainfall also pose a hazard to Wrightwood but are less predictable and are not considered in this study.
Avalanche and runoff data
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Automatic sensor stations that can monitor mountain snowpacks and warn of possible avalanches and instruments that can predict the spring and summer runoff of a snowpack may be two new products of microwave technology, according to scientists at the U.S. National Bureau of Standards (NBS).For the third straight winter, scientists from the NBS Boulder, Colorado, laboratories will leave the warm confines of their laboratories, and hauling microwave analysis and measuring equipment by toboggan into mountain passes and other backcountry areas of the Rocky Mountains, they will make microwave measurements the snowpack—measurements that should enable them to tell the composition and moisture content of the snowpack.
Sea level expedition to the Aleutian Islands
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The National Ocean Survey will conduct an oceanographic expedition to the Aleutian Islands this spring. Scheduled to depart Seattle April 18th, the NOAA Ship Discoverer will cross the Gulf of Alaska to the Shumagin Islands. The ship will cruise in an arc just south of the Aleutians to Attu, then return eastward in an arc north of the Aleutians in the Bering Sea to Unimak Pass. On entering the Pacific again, the ship will round the Shumagins then return to Kodiak on May 3rd.The principal program of the expedition is to conduct oceanographic leveling between the National Ocean Survey tide stations at Kodiak, Sand Point, Dutch Harbor, Adak, Shemya, and Attu. Of equal importance is the deployment of deep‐sea bottom‐mounted seismographs just south of the chain in a cooperative program with the University of Texas. A water mass comparison study will also be made of Bering Sea waters north of the Aleutians and Pacific waters to the south. Sounding verification lines will be run, and a deep temperature profile will be taken across the Gulf. In addition, a biological oceanography program will be conducted for the Smithsonian Institution.
NSF target dates for proposals
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The following listing gives the target dates for proposals to NSF in particular programs. Proposals received after the cutoff date will be reviewed although they may miss a particular panel meeting. Further information can be obtained by contacting the NSF staff member listed with each entry.April 30, 1979. Oceanography: Biological oceanography, marine chemistry, physical oceanography, and submarine geology and geophysics. Contact Robert E. Wall, Division of Ocean Sciences (632‐4227).
JGR
Authors: Donaldson C. H. 
Published: October 2011

It seems to me that there has been a serious decline in the proportion, and indeed the number, of papers published in JGR 2 (Red) that are related to volcanology, geochemistry, and petrology (VGP). Their place has been taken by more papers on seismology, geomagnetism, and particularly, tectonophysics. While many of these geophysics papers are of peripheral interest to AGU members of the VGP section, they don't satisfy the primary interests of these members.For example, a survey of the issues covering September to January last shows 70 papers published, of which seven are of VGP interest; of these seven, three could be called VGP contributions, whereas the others are principally planetology or tectonophysics articles. Worse still, the September, October, and November issues contain no articles of primary interest to VGP readers, and the January issue has only one.
Dramatic Pioneer Venus findings
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Venus' newly found rift valley is 3 miles deep and 175 miles wide. Pioneer radar mapper measurements found the canyon to be at least 900 miles long with no apparent beginning or end. This geologic feature is deeper than anything on earth and appears larger than Valles Marineris on Mars, previously the solar system's largest canyon.The Russian Venera spacecraft found continuous lightning activity from an altitude of 32 km down to about 2 km, with discharges as frequent as an amazing 26 per second. The Pioneer Orbiter also observed this lightning, measuring such discharges during every pass across the planet's night hemisphere.
Comments on “Why Do I Not Accept Plate Tectonics?”
Authors: Von Herzen R. P. 
Published: October 2011

In the recent discussion and comments on this topic among colleagues from the U.S. and U.S.S.R. which were published in EOS (April 24,1979), several points centered on the purported equality of heat flow between ocean basins and continents and the heat flow variation with age in the oceans. Although the equality has been a major tenet since the first marine heat flow data were obtained and was supported with a statistical analysis of over 2,500 measurements only a decade ago [Von Herzen and Lee, 1969], recent field evidence and model development have substantially changed this conclusion.The hypothesis that a substantial fraction of heat is lost by hydrothermal circulation in oceanic crustal rocks, particularly on young sea floor, first put forward by Lister [1972], has received increased support in detailed studies of marine heat flow [Williams et al., 1974; Davis and Lister, 1977; Anderson etal, 1977]. Combined with quantitative estimates of heat loss based on plate tectonics models [McKenzie, 1967; Sclater andFrancheteau, 1970; Parsons and Sclater, 1977], it has been shown that hydrothermal effects account for a large fraction of the total sea floor heat loss up to several tens m.y. in age. Taking account of this hydrothermal loss, Williams and Von Herzen [1974] calculated that the mean heat loss per unit area of oceans is about 2.2 H FU (heat flow units; 1HFU = 10−6/μcal cm−2 sec−1), about 50% greater than that for continents. This difference has been recently corroborated using a somewhat different approach by Langseth and Anderson [1979].
Cutting the Old Woman Meteorite
Authors: Wasson John T. 
Published: October 2011

In June 1977, the second largest U.S. meteorite was removed from the Old Woman Mountains of southeastern California by the Smithsonian Institution. A large amount of publicity accompanied the removal because of ownership claims by the prospectors who discovered the meteorite and because of demands by Californians that the meteorite be exhibited in California. The 10 largest U.S. meteorites discovered in or west of the Rocky Mountains are presently all exhibited in museums east of the Mississippi.The California congressional delegation became involved in presenting the case for retaining the meteorite in California, and finally, the Department of Interior announced that ‘with the concurrence of the Smithsonian Institution the Old Woman Meteorite would remain in California’ and ‘details of the maintenance and research arrangements would be worked out with the State of California.’ In this letter I want to discuss the Smithsonian's decision that about one‐third (1 ton) of the meteorite is required for scientific study.
Map of California fault movements
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

A new map showing hundreds of faults and the time of their last movement along coastal south central California between Point Arguello and Monterey Bay has been released by the U.S. Geological Survey. Compiled from more than 130 published and unpublished reports as well as new onshore and offshore field studies, the map and accompanying report are designed to be a ‘broadbrush’ regional identification and delineation of the faults that are capable of generating earthquakes and rupturing the ground.According to Earl Pampeyan, geologist at the USGS Western Region Headquarters, Menlo Park, California, and a coauthor of the report, Seismic shaking and surface faulting can severely damage engineered structures unless adequate precautions are taken in siting and design. Such precautions must be based on adequate geologic information, including the identification and delineation of those faults that are most likely to produce future movement.
Some notes on the Yellow River
Authors: Shen H. W. 
Published: October 2011

In order to promote cultural and scientific exchange, the American Geophysical Union has invited a delegation from the Society of Hydraulic Engineers of the People's Republic of China to visit the United States. This team, led by Pao‐Ling Li, Deputy Minister of the Ministry of Water Conservancy and Electric Power, will probably visit the U.S. Weather Service, the U.S. Geological Survey, the Bureau of Reclamation, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, California Institute of Technology, Colorado State University, the University of Iowa, Harvard, and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology during May and June 1980.This tour reciprocates a visit to the People's Republic of China by a team of American engineers and scientists in September and October 1978. Our team was led by J. F. Kennedy, Director of the Institute of Hydraulic Research at the University of Iowa, and included C. L Chiu, Professor of Civil Engineering, University of Pittsburgh; R. Clark, Associate Director of the U.S. Weather Service; J. E. Glover, Chief of the River Division, Waterways Experiment Station, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers; A. S. Harrison, Head of the Technical Engineering Branch, Mississippi River Division, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers; D. Louie, Chief Hydraulic Engineer, Harza Engineering Company; N. Matalas, Staff Hydrologist, Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey; C. F. Nordin, Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey; E. L. Pemberton, Head of the Sedimentation Section, U.S. Bureau of Reclamation; A. R. Robinson, Staff Scientist, Science and Education Administration, U.S. Department of Agriculture; and myself.
Geophysical and meteoritic events
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Tonga Islands eruptions and pumice rafts, South Pacific Ocean. Some fumarolic activity continued to take place during August on Late Iki, a new island formed over the site of the frequently active submarine volcano Metis Shoal. Geologists do not expect the island to persist for more than a few months.Reports from Rotuma Island (12.5°S, 177.08°E, about 1150 km northwest of Late Iki) state that a thick blanket of pumice washed up on the south side of the island in mid‐August. Fish that jumped out of the sea and landed on the pumice were unable to return to the water. No other reports of pumice have been received by the Fiji Mineral Resources Department in August.