bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brand signal quality of products in an asymmetric online information environment: An experimental study
Authors: Tsao Hsiu‐Yuan , Berthon Pierre , Pitt Leyland F. , Parent Michael 
Published: July 2011

AbstractPrevious research regarding the effectiveness of brand name signalling has focused mainly on when and how marketers will recover costs. This study reverses this trend by examining how buyers may interpret signals via the brand name, the effectiveness of signalling via brand name in terms of buyer‐value perspectives and how buyers' reactions to signals affect sellers' decisions to adopt a signalling strategy. Signalling theory and concepts from consumer‐based branding research are used to suggest how to evaluate the effectiveness of signalling via brand name in the context of the consumer market – a market in which information is asymmetric. Findings from a number of repeated experiments, using the methodology of experimental economics, demonstrate that the function of a brand fluctuates according to which market conditions prevail for brand and price, the extent of brand differentiation and the magnitude of brand‐building costs. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The value of value: Further excursions on the meaning and role of customer value
Authors: Gallarza Martina G. , Gil‐Saura Irene , Holbrook Morris B. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractGrounded on fundamental marketing principles, the concept of customer value has been revisited and refined by academicians and practitioners for the last 30 years. However, research devoted to achieving a consistent theoretical and conceptual development of value‐related concepts has proceeded apace without ever reaching full closure. The present essay seeks reasons behind remaining deficiencies in value‐related research and offers a review intended to move our understanding of customer value toward what promises to become a more enlightened future. The topic of value is approached by theoretical analysis and conceptual development. First, “the challenge” of value research is presented: the researcher faces a topic that is central to the marketing discipline but that suffers from various conceptual and methodological difficulties. Second, among the literature on value from the last three decades, two main research areas are selected: the conceptual delimitation and the methodological links between quality, satisfaction, and value. Third, as a conclusion, we identify several streams of research that promise to expand future knowledge in the area of customer value. Several tables and figures that provide a systematic and structured review of value‐related knowledge support this inventory of the state‐of‐the‐art in value research. Even the most patient theoretical development of value‐related concepts tends to resist full conceptual closure. The breadth of customer value and its richness for marketing implications encourage novel and refreshing approaches. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sentiment toward marketing: Should we care about consumer alienation and readiness to use technology?
Authors: Mady Tarek T. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractConsumer sentiment toward marketing has been extensively addressed in the marketing literature. However, while most existing studies provide contributions regarding the levels of consumer perceptions of the marketing function, most fall short of providing significant insights into the antecedents of these sentiment levels. That is to say, little is offered to help marketers understand why consumers perceive the marketing function the way they do. In this study, a conceptual framework is developed in an attempt to explore consumer sentiment toward marketing in light of the increasing technological tendencies of today's marketplace. Alienation from the marketplace is assumed to be an exogenous variable that affects the degree to which individuals are ready to embrace new technologies in everyday life. The model is empirically tested using structural equation modeling. Alienation from the marketplace is found to be negatively associated with sentiment toward marketing and the drivers of technology readiness, but positively associated with the inhibitors of technology readiness. More significantly, readiness to embrace technology is found to exhibit a strong and consistent relationship with sentiment toward marketing. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pmarg‐Pearlin is a Matrix Protein Involved in Nacre Framework Formation in the Pearl OysterPinctada margaritifera
Authors: Montagnani C. , Marie B. , Marin F. , Belliard C. , Riquet F. , Tayalé A. , Zanella‐Cléon I. , Fleury E. , Gueguen Y. , Piquemal D. , Cochennec‐Laureau N. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe shell of pearl oysters is organized in multiple layers of CaCO3crystallites packed together in an organic matrix. Relationships between the components of the organic matrix and mechanisms of nacre formation currently constitute the main focus of research into biomineralization. In this study, we characterized the pearlin protein from the oysterPinctada margaritifera(Pmarg); this shares structural features with other members of a matrix protein family, N14/N16/pearlin.Pmargpearlin exhibits calcium‐ and chitin‐binding properties.Pmargpearlin transcripts are distinctively localized in the mineralizing tissue responsible for nacre formation. More specifically, we demonstrate thatPmargpearlin is localized within the interlamellar matrix of nacre aragonite tablets. Our results support recent models for multidomain matrix protein involvement in nacreous layer formation. We provide evidence here for the existence of a conserved family of nacre‐associated proteins in Pteriidae, and reassess the evolutionarily conserved set of biomineralization genes related to nacre formation in this taxa.
Porous Interpenetrated Zirconium–Organic Frameworks (PIZOFs): A Chemically Versatile Family of Metal–Organic Frameworks
Authors: Schaate Andreas , Roy Pascal , Preuße Thomas , Lohmeier Sven Jare , Godt Adelheid , Behrens Peter 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWe present the synthesis and characterization of porous interpenetrated zirconium–organic frameworks (PIZOFs), a new family of metal–organic frameworks obtained from ZrCl4 and the rodlike dicarboxylic acids HO2C[PE‐P(R1,R2)‐EP]CO2H that consist of alternating phenylene (P) and ethynylene (E) units. The substituents R1,R2 were broadly varied (alkyl, Oalkyl, oligo(ethylene glycol)), including postsynthetically addressable substituents (amino, alkyne, furan). The PIZOF structure is highly tolerant towards the variation of R1 and R2. This together with the modular synthesis of the diacids offers a facile tuning of the chemical environment within the pores. The PIZOF structure was solved from single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. The PIZOFs are stable under ambient conditions. PIZOF‐2, the PIZOF prepared from HO2C[PE‐P(OMe,OMe)‐EP]CO2H, served as a prototype to determine thermal stability and porosity. It is stable up to 325 °C in air as determined by using thermogravimetry and powder X‐ray diffraction. Argon sorption isotherms on PIZOF‐2 revealed a Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area of 1250 m2 g−1 and a total pore volume of 0.68 cm3 g−1.
Liquid Phase Hydrogenolysis of Biomass‐derived Lactate to 1,2‐Propanediol over Silica Supported Cobalt Nanocatalyst
Authors: Xue Jingjing , Cui Fang , Huang Zhiwei , Zuo Jianliang , Chen Jing , Xia Chungu 
Published: July 2011

AbstractLiquid phase hydrogenolysis of ethyl lactate to 1,2‐propanediol was performed over silica supporting cobalt catalysts prepared by two different methods: precipitation‐gel (PG) technique and deposition‐precipitation (DP) procedure. The cobalt species (Co3O4/cobalt phyllosilicate) present in the corresponding calcined PG and DP catalysts were different as a consequence of the preparation methods, and CoOHCo olation and SiOCo oxolation molecular mechanisms were employed to elucidate the chemical phenomena during the different preparation procedures. In addition, the texture (BET), reduction behavior (TPR and in‐situ XRD), surface dispersion and state of cobalt species (XPS), and catalytic performance differ greatly between the samples. Because of small particle size, high dispersion of cobalt species and facile reducibility, the Co/SiO2 catalyst prepared by precipitation‐gel method presented a much higher activity than the catalyst prepared by deposition‐precipitation method. Metallic cobalt is assumed to be the catalytically active site for the hydrogenolysis reaction according to the catalytic results of both cobalt samples reduced at different temperatures and the structure changes after reaction.
Thermodynamic Study of the Extraction of Inorganic Mercury Compounds in Fish Species of the International Anzali Wetland, Iran
Authors: Astani Elahe , Vahedpour Morteza , Dolatyari Leila 
Published: July 2011

AbstractInorganic mercury concentration was measured in the muscle tissues of four types of fish in the aquatic international Anzali Wetland ecosystem in Guilan. In the same ecosystem, the northern pike is able to concentrate inorganic mercury in its body more than other fish. In each species, a fish with the highest amount of inorganic mercury was selected for determination of thermodynamic parameters of inorganic mercury extraction using calculation of the equilibrium constant and fitting of ln Kc versus inverse temperature at the atmospheric pressure. The origins of thermodynamic parameters were discussed. The extraction processes were done in the range of temperatures from 331.15 to 365.15 K and at atmospheric pressure. Results show that the extraction of mercury compounds from SH groups of sulfhydryl proteins in fish muscle tissue is an endothermic process with a positive value for entropy and Gibbs free energy changes at room temperature.
New Insights on the Mechanism of Thermal Cleavage of Unsaturated Bicyclic Diaziridines: A DFT Study
Authors: Arshadi S. , Bekhradnia A. R. , Ahmadi S. , Karami A. R. , Pourbeyram S. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA DFT calculations are carried out at UB3LYP/6‐311++G (3df, 2p) levels of theory to study electrocyclic thermal cleavage of four (R) derivatives of unsaturated bicyclic diaziridines, 1X‐R, to produce corresponding (Z) and (E) azomethine imides (2X‐Z, 2X‐E, 3X‐Z and 3X‐E), where X=H, Me, t‐Bu and Ph. Cleavage of 1X‐R series to form the most stable 3X‐Z product, (path 2) is found the favored procedure because of delocalized negative charge on five atoms and lower steric effect in related transition state. According to IRC calculations in paths 1 and 2, C6N1 bond is cleaved before the rate determinating step (transition state). The stability of unsaturated bicyclic diaziridines and their corresponding (Z) and (E) azomethine imides is in the following order in gas phase and chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, and acetone solvents: 3X‐Z<3X‐E<2X‐Z<2X‐E<1X‐R<1X‐S.
Antibacterial Activities and Nuclease Properties of Two New Ternary Copper(II) Complexes with 2‐(4′‐Thiazolyl)‐benzimidazole and 2,2′‐Bipyridine/1,10‐phenanthroline
Authors: Ren Xiangxiang , Chen Jiayang , Le Xueyi 
Published: July 2011

AbstractTwo new complexes: [Cu(TBZ)(bipy)Cl]Cl·H2O (1) and [Cu(TBZ)(phen)Cl]Cl·H2O (2) [TBZ=2‐(4′‐thiazolyl)‐ benzimidazole, phen=1,10‐phenanthroline and bipy=2,2′‐bipyridine] have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductivity, IR, and UV‐vis methods. Complex 2, structurally characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray crystallography, crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c in a unit cell of a=0.85257(12) nm, b=2.5358(4) nm, c=1.15151(13) nm, β=118.721(8)°, V=2.183.2(5) nm3, Z=4, Dc=1.624 g·cm−3, µ=1.367 mm−1. The complexes, free ligands and chloride copper(II) salt were each tested for their ability to inhibit the growth of two gram‐positive (B. subtilis and S. aureus) and two gram‐negative (Salmonella and E. coli) bacteria. The complexes showed good antibacterial activities against the microorganisms. The interaction between the complexes and calf thymus DNA in aqueous solution was investigated adopting electronic absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, viscosity measurements and cyclic voltammetry. Results suggest that the two complexes can bind to DNA by intercalative mode. In addition, the result of agarose gel electrophoresis suggested that the complexes can cleave the plasmid DNA at physiological pH and room temperature. Mechanistic studies with different inhibiting reagents reveal that hydroxyl radicals, and a singlet oxygen‐like copper‐oxo species are all involved in the DNA scission process mediated by the complexes.
A Green Method for Recycling 2‐Propanol from Water during Purification Process of Aqueous Nanocrystals
Authors: Wang Chunlei , Xu Shuhong , Cui Yiping 
Published: July 2011

AbstractDuring traditional 2‐propanol‐based purification of aqueous nanocrystals (NCs), it is very difficult to recycle 2‐propanol from the aqueous solution, which brings great consumption of 2‐propanol during the purification process. A major contribution of this work is to provide a simple way to reduce the consumption via recycling of 2‐propanol during the purification process. The recycled 2‐propanol is available for precipitating NCs from aqueous solution in a new round of NC purification process. Due to the recycling of 2‐propanol, the great consumption of 2‐propanol can be avoided, which makes the purification process of aqueous NCs much greener and at a much lower cost.
Characterization and Catalytic Activity of New Metal‐organic Frameworks Resulted from Self‐assembly of Ph3SnCl, K[Cu(CN)2] and Nitrogen Donor Ligands
Authors: Etaiw Safaa El‐din H. , Elsherbiny Abeer S. , Badr El‐din Ahmed S. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractFive new metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) of the general composition [Ph3SnCu(CN)2·L], where L=pyrazine (pyz) (1), methylpyrazine (mepyz) (2), 4,4′‐bipyridine (bpy) (3), trans‐1,2‐bis(4‐pyridyl)ethene (tbpe) (4) or 1,2‐bis(4‐pyridyl)ethane (bpe) (5), have been synthesized and characterized to test their potential applications as catalysts. The structures of the MOFs 1–5 mainly consist of Cu(CN)2 building blocks connected by the Ph3Sn cations and the bipodal ligand forming polymeric networks. They exhibit strong fluorescence in the solid state. Also, they are used as heterogeneous catalysts for the degradation of azo‐dyes, metanil yellow (MY) by diluted solution of hydrogen peroxide as oxidant. The reaction is first order with respect to MY dye, while the factors affecting the rate constant of the degradation reaction are investigated. The activation parameters of the reaction have been estimated and a possible mechanism has been proposed.
Silica‐bonded S‐sulfonic Acid as a Recyclable Catalyst for Synthesis of 2,3‐Dihydroquinazolin‐4(1H)‐ones
Authors: Niknam Khodabakhsh , Mohammadizadeh Mohammad Reza , Mirzaee Salimeh 
Published: July 2011

Abstract2,3‐Dihydroquinazolin‐4(1H)‐one derivatives were synthesized via a one‐pot, three component reaction of isatoic anhydride and an aromatic aldehyde with ammonium acetate or primary amine catalyzed by silica‐bonded S‐sulfonic acid in ethanol at 80°C. The reaction work‐up is simple and the catalyst is easily separated from the products by filtration. The heterogeneous catalyst was recycled for ten runs upon the condensation reaction of isatoic anhydride and 4‐chlorobenzaldehyde with ammonium acetate without losing its catalytic activity.
Investigation into the Regiochemistry of 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition of C,N‐Diphenyl Nitrone with Some Vinyl Sulfoximines as Dipolarophile: Theoretical Studies
Authors: Moeinpour Farid 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe regiochemistry of 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reactions of C,N‐diphenyl nitrone with some vinyl sulfox‐ imines as dipolarophile was investigated using density functional theory (DFT)‐based reactivity indexes and activation energy calculations at B3LYP/6‐31G(d) level of theory. Analysis of the geometries and bond orders (BOs) at the TS structures associated with the different reaction pathways shows that these 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reactions occur via an asynchronous concerted mechanism. Analysis of the local electrophilicity and nucleophilicity indexes permits an interpretation about the regioselectivity of these 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reactions. The theoretical results obtained in the work clearly predict the regiochemistry of the isolated cycloadducts and agree to experimental outcomes.
Novel Synthesis of Some Phthalazinone Derivatives
Authors: Mahmoud Mahmoud R. , Abou‐Elmagd Wael S.I. , Derbala Hamed A. , Hekal Mohamed H. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractDimethyl homophthalate condensed with isatin to give the unexpected five membered lactone 3 rather than the half ester 1 and the δ‐lactone2. Treatment of compound 3 with excess hydrazine hydrate afforded phthalazinone carbohydrazide 4 which represents a novel method for the synthesis of phthalazinone derivatives. The carbohydrazide 4 upon treatment with carbon disulphide afforded 1,3,4‐oxadiazole derivative 5, which reacted with ethylchloroacetate to give the S‐alkylated product 6. The structure of compound 3 compared with 2 was discussed using hyperchem professional (7) AM1 calculations, X‐ray single crystal structure and complete spectral data.
Synthesis and Characterization of Sulfonated Polyimides Containing Trifluoromethyl Groups as Proton Exchange Membranes
Authors: Zhang Qingshuang , Li Qiaoling 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA novel sulfonated diamine, 4,4′‐bis(4‐amino‐3‐trifluoromethylphenoxy) biphenyl 3,3′‐disulfonic acid (F‐BAPBDS), was successfully synthesized by nucleophilic aromatic substitution of 4,4′‐dihydroxybiphenyl with 2‐chloro‐5‐nitrobenzotrifluoride, followed by reduction and sulfonation. A series of sulfonated polyimides of high molecular weight (SPI‐x, x represents the molar percentage of the sulfonated monomer) were prepared by copolymerization of 1,4,5,8‐naphathlenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (NTDA) with F‐BAPBDS and nonsulfonated diamine. Flexible and tough membranes of high mechanical strength were obtained by solution casting and the electrolyte properties of the polymers were intensively investigated. The copolymer membranes exhibited excellent oxidative stability due to the introducing of the CF3 groups. The SPI membranes displayed desirable proton conductivity (0.52×10−1–0.97×10−1 S·cm−1) and low methanol permeability (less than 2.8×10−7 cm2·s−1). The highest proton conductivity (1.89×10−1 S·cm−1) was obtained for the SPI‐90 membrane at 80°C, with an IEC of 2.12 mequiv/g. This value is higher than that of Nafion 117 (1.7×10−1 S·cm−1). Furthermore, the hydrolytic stability of the obtained SPIs is better than the BDSA and ODADS based SPIs due to the hydrophobic CF3 groups which protect the imide ring from being attacked by water molecules, in spite of its strong electron‐withdrawing behaviors.
Synthesis of Chiral 2‐Aroyl‐1‐tetralols: Asymmetric Transfer Hydrgenation of 2‐Aroyl‐1‐tetralones via Dynamic Kinetic Resolution
Authors: Wu Yun , Geng Zhicong , Bai Jinjin , Zhang Yawen 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe dynamic kinetic resolution of 2‐aroyl‐1‐tetralones was achieved via asymmetric transfer hydrogenation using (S,S)‐RuCl(p‐cymene)TsDPEN (TsDPEN=N‐(tosyl)‐1,2‐diphenylethylenediamine) in formic acid/triethyl‐ amine (5:2, molar ratio), afforded the desired products in good yields (up to 85%) with diastereomeric ratio up to >99:1 and high enantiomeric excesses (up to >99%). The absolute configuration of major the product was confirmed by X‐ray crystal structure analysis.
Preparation and Reactions of 2‐Methyl‐7‐(3‐methyl‐5‐oxo‐1‐phenyl‐2‐pyrazolin‐4‐yl)‐5‐arylthiazolo[3,2‐a]‐pyrimido[4,5‐d]oxazin‐4(5H)‐one
Authors: Youssef Mohamed Salah K. , Abbady Mohamed S. , Ahmed Ragaa A. , Omar Ahmed A. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractEthyl 7‐amino‐3‐(3‐methyl‐5‐oxo‐1‐phenyl‐2‐pyrazolin‐4‐yl)‐5‐aryl‐5H‐thiazolo[3,2‐a]pyrimidine‐6‐carboxylate was hydrolyzed with an ethanolic sodium hydroxide and the sodium salt thus formed underwent cyclization with acetic anhydride to afford 2‐methyl‐7‐(3‐methyl‐5‐oxo‐1‐phenyl‐2‐pyrazolin‐4‐yl)‐5‐arylthiazolo[3,2‐a]pyrimido[4,5‐d]oxazin‐4(5H)‐one. This compound was transformed to related heterocyclic systems via its reaction with various reagents. The biological activity of the prepared compounds was tested against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria as well as yeast‐like and filamentous fungi. They revealed in some cases excellent biocidal properties.
Isosteviol‐amino Acid Conjugates as Highly Efficient Organocatalysts for the Asymmetric One‐pot Three‐component Mannich Reactions
Authors: An Yajie , Qin Qian , Wang Chuanchuan , Tao Jingchao 
Published: July 2011

AbstractIsosteviol‐amino acid conjugates were synthesized and used as chiral catalysts for the asymmetric three‐component Mannich reaction with hydroxyacetone as donor molecule. Good yields (up to 98%) and excellent stereoselectivities (up to 97:3 dr and 99% ee) were achieved in a short reaction time. In addition, syn‐ or anti‐configurations of α‐hydroxy‐β‐amino carbonyl compounds were obtained as main products with different chiral catalysts.
Proteomics‐based Characterization of Protein Complexes from Human Pancreatic Cancer Cell Line
Authors: Wang Xinli , Chen Guoqiang , Zhao Zhiyun , Wang Xiaodong , Li Zhili 
Published: July 2011

AbstractTo develop an economical and feasible approach to probe protein complexes, differential centrifugation and three‐dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) were performed to separate protein complexes from the cell lysate of human pancreatic cancer cell line, SW1990, followed by mass spectrometric identification. Four macromolecular protein complexes were separated and identified unambiguously.
A Practical Method to Stereospecifically Synthesize trans‐Stilbene Derivatives
Authors: Jian Yujuan , Sun Gaojun , Li Jiaming , Su Dan , Li Chuanrun , Zhong Guochen 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA practical method to stereospecifically synthesize trans‐stilbenes was developed via the one‐pot benzylation‐dehydration reaction of aromatic aldehydes with benzyltrimethylsilane (BTMS), which was driven by tetrabutylammonium fluoride (TBAF) in THF. At the same time a plausible description of the whole process was proposed and the effects of substituted groups on the reaction were investigated. Also this method was employed to synthesize three precursors of natural products with excellent yields, which demonstrated that this method is much efficient and practical in the synthesis of some natural products.
Parametric inference for time‐to‐failure in multi‐state semi‐Markov models: A comparison of marginal and process approaches
Authors: Yang Yang , Nair Vijayan N. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractIn many applications, the time to some event of interest (generically called “failure”) is the end point of an underlying stochastic process. This article considers processes that can be characterized by multi‐state models, specifically progressive semi‐Markov processes. Under this framework, the authors examine estimation and prediction efficiencies of two approaches for making inference about the time‐to‐failure (TTF) distribution. The first is the traditional approach based on just TTF data. The second uses all the information in the multi‐state data to estimate the underlying parameters and then makes inference about the TTF. The latter inference can be complex with panel data (involving interval and right censoring), so it is important to quantify the efficiency gains to determine if the additional complexity is worth the effort. The authors focus mostly on gamma distributions for state sojourn times because they are closed under convolution. Results for the inverse Gaussian case which shares this property are also briefly discussed. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 39: 537–555; 2011 © 2011 Statistical Society of Canada