bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinicopathological analysis of acute vascular rejection cases after renal transplantation
Authors: Shimizu Tomokazu , Ishida Hideki , Shirakawa Hiroki , Omoto Kazuya , Tsunoyama Kuniko , Tokumoto Tadahiko , Tanabe Kazunari 
Published: June 2010

Shimizu T, Ishida H, Shirakawa H, Omoto K, Tsunoyama K, Tokumoto T, Tanabe K. Clinicopathological analysis of acute vascular rejection cases after renal transplantation. Clin Transplant 2010: 24 (Suppl. 22): 22–26. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  Histopathological change of acute vascular rejection (AVR) is characterized by intimal arteritis and transmural arteritis. In this report, we discuss the clinicopathological analysis of AVR cases after renal transplantation (RTX).Patients:  AVR was diagnosed in 17 patients from 17 renal transplant patients followed in our institute between January 2003 and September 2008. We retrospectively reviewed these 17 patients.Results:  Among 17 cases of AVR, 10 cases were mild (v1 in Banff 07 classification), five were moderate (v2), and two were severe (v3). Interstitial inflammation (i1–i3) was present in all 17 biopsies. Moderate to severe tubulitis (t2–t3) was present in seven biopsies, and transplant glomerulitis (g1–g3) was present in 11, peritubular capillaritis (ptc1–ptc3) was in 15 of 17 biopsies. C4d deposition in peritubular capillary (PTC) was observed in 6 of 17 cases. By assaying with plastic beads coated with anti‐human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antigen performed in 17 cases, the circulating ant‐HLA alloantibody was detected in 10 patients, of which 5/10 were donor‐specific antibodies (DSA). Acute antibody‐mediated rejection (AAMR) was diagnosed in three cases. Many of v1 cases, steroid pulse therapy (SP) were effective. In v2 and v3 cases, six of seven were steroid‐resistant rejection and were need more anti‐rejection therapy (ART), such as muromonab CD3 (OKT3) injection, gusperimus (DSG) injection, plasmapheresis, intravenous immune globulin, and injection of rituximab. Ten of 17 patients recovered their renal allograft functions by ART, and 16 of 17 patients’ grafts are functioning. Deterioration of renal allografts’ function after biopsies was seen in seven patients with one of them lost their graft.Conclusions:  In some cases, AVR might be provoked by anti‐donor antibodies. The prognosis of the graft exhibiting AVR was relatively good in present immunosuppression and ART.
Protocol biopsies for focal segmental glomerulosclerosis treated with plasma exchange and rituximab in a renal transplant patient
Authors: Sakai Ken , Takasu Jirou , Nihei Hiroshi , Yonekura Takashi , Aoki Yujirou , Kawamura Takeshi , Mizuiri Sonoo , Aikawa Atsushi 
Published: June 2010

Sakai K, Takasu J, Nihei H, Yonekura T, Aoki Y, Kawamura T, Mizuiri S, Aikawa A. Protocol biopsies for focal segmental glomerulosclerosis treated with plasma exchange and rituximab in a renal transplant patient. Clin Transplant 2010: 24 (Suppl. 22): 60–65. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  We discuss a renal transplant patient with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) treated with plasma exchange and rituximab. A 45‐yr‐old woman underwent cadaveric renal transplantation in May 2008. She had started hemodialysis support in 1991. Immediately after transplantation, massive proteinuria (1–5 g/d) appeared. Graft biopsy at one h showed minor glomerular abnormalities with partial foot process effacement on electric microscopy. Protocol biopsy at three months after transplantation for persistent proteinuria showed obvious FSGS under light microscopy. Plasma exchange and rituximab administration were subsequently initiated in August 2008, and proteinuria disappeared within a month after starting these treatments. Protocol graft biopsy one yr after transplantation (2009) showed increased global sclerosis and a decrease in segmental sclerosis. In addition, foot process effacement had recovered by one yr after transplantation. Plasma exchange and subsequent rituximab administration led to clinical remission of post‐transplant FSGS with improvement in podocyte structure. Rituximab should be considered soon after several sessions of plasmapheresis in transplant patients with recurrent FSGS.
A case of second renal transplantation with acute antibody‐mediated rejection complicated with BK virus nephropathy
Authors: Atsumi Hirokatsu , Asaka Mitsuhiro , Kimura Shogo , Imura Junko , Fujimoto Keiji , Chikazawa Yoshihiro , Nakagawa Masaru , Okuyama Hiroshi , Yamaya Hideki , Moriyama Manabu , Tanaka Tatsuro , Suzuki Koji , Yokoyama Hitoshi 
Published: June 2010

Atsumi H, Asaka M, Kimura S, Imura J, Fujimoto K, Chikazawa Y, Nakagawa M, Okuyama H, Yamaya H, Moriyama M, Tanaka T, Suzuki K, Yokoyama H. A case of second renal transplantation with acute antibody‐mediated rejection complicated with BK virus nephropathy. Clin Transplant 2010: 24 (Suppl. 22): 35–38. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  We reported a 40‐year‐old female case of second renal transplantation with antibody‐mediated rejection (AMR) complicated by BK virus nephropathy. She started hemodialysis (HD) at the age of 17 because of IgA nephropathy. At the age of 18, she underwent living‐donor kidney transplantation from her father, but two and a half years after transplantation, she developed chronic rejection. This time, she received cadaveric renal transplantation under the negative cross‐match (AHG‐LCT), and HLA‐AB 1 mismatch and ‐DR 1 mismatch. Immunosuppressive therapy was initiated using the following four immunosuppressants: methylprednisolone, mycophenolate mofetil, cyclosporine, and basiliximab. However, renal graft showed delayed function, the biopsy showed glomerulitis (g2), endarteritis (v1), and cellular infiltration (ptc3) consisting mainly of mononuclear cells in the peritubular capillary with diffusely positive C4d and anti‐SV 40 large T‐antigen‐positive renal tubular epithelial cells on post‐operative day 19. The donor‐specific antibody for HLA‐B46 was proven by the LAB screen method. We performed plasma exchange three times and administered immunoglobulin (15 g in total). Then, methylprednisolone pulse therapy was added, and the serum creatinine (SCr) levels gradually decreased. On post‐operative day 44, the patient was removed from HD and was discharged with SCr level of 3.3 mg/dL.
Perioperative anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy in renal transplant: is there an increase in bleeding complication?
Authors: Eng Mary , Brock Guy , Li Xiaohong , Chen Yinlu , Ravindra Kadiyala V. , Buell Joseph F. , Marvin Michael R. 
Published: June 2010

Eng M, Brock G, Li X, Chen Y, Ravindra KV, Buell JF, Marvin MR. Perioperative anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy in renal transplant: is there an increase in bleeding complication?  Clin Transplant 2011: 25: 292–296. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract: Background:  Renal transplant recipients may have comorbidities requiring anticoagulation or antiplatelet therapy. While the effects of warfarin may be neutralized with plasma infusion, those of aspirin and clopidogrel are not easily reversible and may be associated with an increased risk of bleeding. We conducted this study to evaluate the risk of bleeding complications in patients receiving perioperative anticoagulation or antiplatelet therapy.Methods:  Medical records of patients who underwent renal transplantation from July 1, 2005 to April 30, 2009 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients receiving perioperative anticoagulation or antiplatelet therapy were identified. The incidence of reoperation, transfusion utilization and decrease in serum hemoglobin from pre‐operative value (ΔHgb) were compared to those on no therapy.Results:  Of the 327 patients identified, 105 received pre‐operative anticoagulation or antiplatelet therapy, 28 received therapy post‐operatively, while 213 patients received no therapy. The incidence of reoperation, transfusion utilization and ΔHgb were not significantly increased with pre‐operative anticoagulation or antiplatelet therapy. With post‐operative heparin infusion, the incidence of reoperation and transfusion utilization were significantly increased (p values < 0.001). Patients with activated partial thromboplastin times (aPTT) >80 s experienced significant bleeding complications.Conclusion:  A supratherapeutic aPTT with post‐operative heparin infusion was associated with the greatest risk of bleeding complication.
Anaphylaxis in Israel: Experience with 92 hospitalized children
Authors: Hoffer V. , Scheuerman O. , Marcus N. , Levy Y. , Segal N. , Lagovsky I. , Monselise Y. , Garty B. Z. 
Published: June 2010

To cite this article: Hoffer V, Scheuerman O, Marcus N, Levy Y, Segal N, Lagovsky I, Monselise Y, Garty BZ. Anaphylaxis in Israel: Experience with 92 hospitalized children. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2011; 22:172–177.AbstractLittle is known about the courses, causes, and clinical features of anaphylaxis in children outside the USA and Europe. Our objective was to evaluate the events of anaphylaxis in children admitted to the Schneider Children’s Medical Center of Israel, a major tertiary facility, over a 12‐year period. Ninety‐two children with anaphylaxis (50 boys, 42 girls) aged 14 days to 18 yr (mean, 7.4 yr) were hospitalized during the study period. The event occurred at home in 52 children (56%), in a medical institution in 24 (26%), outdoors in 13 (15%), at school in 2 (2%), and in an unspecified location in 1 (1%). The main causes were foods (43%), mainly milk and nuts, medications (22%), and hymenoptera venom (11%); in five children, anaphylaxis occurred during general anesthesia, and in 5, the causative agent could not be determined. Food‐induced anaphylaxis tended to occur in younger children. Forty‐eight children (52%) had a history of atopy (mainly asthma). Hospital treatment consisted of corticosteroids (85%), antihistamines (75%), epinephrine (72%), and β2 agonists (42%). Seven patients were admitted to intensive care units. There were no fatalities. EpiPen was used by only one of the 16 patients with more than one episode of anaphylaxis, indicating that patient and parent education in the application of the EpiPen needs to be improved.
Successful unrelated umbilical cord blood cell transplantation without conditioning for a neonate with severe combined immunodeficiency
Authors: Taga Takashi , Itoh Eisuke , Noda Yasuyo , Kato Hirofumi , Maruo Yoshihiro , Takano Tomoyuki , Ohta Shigeru , Takeuchi Yoshihiro , Kumaki Satoru 
Published: June 2010

Taga T, Itoh E, Noda Y, Kato H, Maruo Y, Takano T, Ohta S, Takeuchi Y, Kumaki S. Successful unrelated umbilical cord blood cell transplantation without conditioning for a neonate with severe combined immunodeficiency. Pediatr Transplantation 2011: 15: E152–E155. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  A neonate was diagnosed as having SCID from his umbilical cord blood cells immediately after birth because his older brother had died of SCID eight months earlier. One locus‐mismatched unrelated umbilical cord blood cell transplantation without conditioning was performed at the age of 30 days. The CD3‐positive cells were detected on day 14 post‐transplantation. There were no peri‐transplantation complications. Four yr after transplantation, the boy is in excellent condition and T and NK cell engraftments are complete. His peripheral B cells with a common gamma chain were not detected by flow cytometry, and he still needs IgG replacement; however, his IgM and IgA levels have gradually increased, and the dosage of IVIG per body weight has gradually decreased. We speculate that the very few B cells that proliferate from transplanted cord blood cells produce gamma globulin. Unrelated cord blood cell transplantation, even though mismatched, without conditioning would be a treatment option for neonates with severe combined immunodeficiency.
Cutaneous Mycobacterium haemophilum infection in a kidney transplant recipient after acupuncture treatment
Authors: Castro‐Silva A.N. , Freire A.O. , Grinbaum R.S. , Elmor de Araújo M.R. , Abensur H. , Araújo M.R.T. , Romão J.E. , Sampaio J.L.M. , Noronha I.L. 
Published: June 2010

A.N. Castro‐Silva, A.O. Freire, R.S. Grinbaum, M.R. Elmor de Araújo, H. Abensur, M.R.T. Araújo, J.E. Romão Jr, J.L.M. Sampaio, I.L. Noronha. Cutaneous Mycobacterium haemophilum infection in a kidney transplant recipient after acupuncture treatment. Transpl Infect Dis 2011: 13: 33–37. All rights reservedAbstract: Mycobacterium haemophilum is a slow‐growing nontuberculous mycobacterium that can cause disease in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. The most common clinical presentations of infection are the appearance of suppurative and ulcerated skin nodules. For the diagnosis, samples collected from suspected cases must be processed under the appropriate conditions, because M. haemophilum requires lower incubation temperatures and iron supplementation in order to grow in culture. In this case report, we describe the occurrence of skin lesions in a kidney transplant recipient, caused by M. haemophilum, associated with acupuncture treatment. The diagnosis was established by direct smear and culture of material aspirated from cutaneous lesions. Species identification was achieved by characterization of the growth requirements and by partial sequencing of the hsp65 gene. The patient was successfully treated with clarithromycin and ciprofloxacin for 12 months. Considering that the number of patients receiving acupuncture treatment is widely increasing, the implications of this potential complication should be recognized, particularly in immunosuppressed patients.
Reinforced postmating reproductive isolation barriers inNeurospora, an Ascomycete microfungus
Authors: TURNER E. , JACOBSON D. J. , TAYLOR J. W. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractMaladaptive hybridization promotes reinforcement, selection for stringent reproductive isolation barriers during speciation. Reinforcement is suspected when barriers between sympatric populations are stronger than allopatric barriers, and particularly when stronger barriers evolve in the species and sex suffering the greatest costs of hybridization. Canonically, reinforcement involves premating barriers. Selection for postmating barriers is controversial, but theoretically possible. We examined geographical patterns in reproductive isolation barriers betweenNeurospora crassaandNeurospora intermedia, fungi with pheromone‐mediated mate recognition and maternal care. We find that isolation is stronger between sympatric populations than allopatric populations, and stronger barriers are associated with the species (N. crassa) and mating role (maternal) suffering the greater costs of hybridization. Notably, reinforced isolation involves a postmating barrier, abortion of fruitbodies. We hypothesize that fruitbody abortion is selectively advantageous if it increases the likelihood that maternalNeurosporaindividuals successfully mate conspecifically after maladaptive hybrid fertilization.
Competitive environments induce shifts in host fidelity
Authors: ROVA E. , BJÖRKLUND M. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractRecent models support the idea of sympatric speciation as a result of the joint effects of disruptive selection and assortative mating. We present experimental data, testing models of speciation through frequency‐dependent selection. We show that under high competition on a mixture of resources/hosts, strains of the Seed beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus, change their host fidelity and evolve a more generalistic behaviour in resource utilization among females. The change in host fidelity did not result in disruptive selection and was not followed by assortative mating. This means that only one of three fundamental prerequisites for sympatric speciation evolved as a result of the frequency‐dependent selection. We conclude that for this process to work, a shift to a novel food resource as a result of selection must also lead to a loss of preference for the original resource such that individuals are only able to use either one of the two.
Complex genotype interactions influence social fitness during the developmental phase of the social amoebaDictyostelium discoideum
Authors: BUTTERY N. J. , THOMPSON C. R. L. , WOLF J. B. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractWhen individuals interact, phenotypic variation can be partitioned into direct genetic effects (DGEs) of the individuals’ own genotypes, indirect genetic effects (IGEs) of their social partners’ genotypes and epistatic interactions between the genotypes of interacting individuals (‘genotype‐by‐genotype (G×G) epistasis’). These components can all play important roles in evolutionary processes, but few empirical studies have examined their importance. The social amoebaDictyostelium discoideumprovides an ideal system to measure these effects during social interactions and development. When starved, free‐living amoebae aggregate and differentiate into a multicellular fruiting body with a dead stalk that holds aloft viable spores. By measuring interactions among a set of natural strains, we quantify DGEs, IGEs and G×G epistasis affecting spore formation. We find that DGEs explain most of the phenotypic variance (57.6%) whereas IGEs explain a smaller (13.3%) but highly significant component. Interestingly, G×G epistasis explains nearly a quarter of the variance (23.0%), highlighting the complex nature of genotype interactions. These results demonstrate the large impact that social interactions can have on development and suggest that social effects should play an important role in developmental evolution in this system.
Arabidopsis shoot organogenesis is enhanced by an amino acid change in the ATHB15 transcription factor
Authors: Duclercq J. , Assoumou Ndong Y. P. , Guerineau F. , Sangwan R. S. , Catterou M. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe hoc mutant displays high organogenic competence for in vitro shoot regeneration without addition of exogenous phytohormones. The genetic basis of this phenotype is investigated here. Using genetic mapping, the HOC locus was identified on chromosome 1. A point mutation was found in the At1g52150 gene, which encodes ATHB15/CORONA/INCURVATA4, a class III HD‐ZIP transcription factor. The mutation replaced a serine with a cysteine in the MEKHLA domain of the protein. The wild‐type ATHB15 gene was able to complement the hoc phenotype. Organogenesis response experiments revealed that hoc organogenic capacity was affected by the genetic background, and that it was not caused by a loss of ATHB15 function but by an effect of the mutation on protein function.
Application of multiple‐trait finite mixture model to test‐day records of milk yield and somatic cell score of Canadian Holsteins
Authors: Jamrozik J. , Schaeffer L.R. 
Published: June 2010

SummaryMultiple‐trait (MT) finite mixture random regression (MIX) model was applied using Bayesian methods to first lactation test‐day (TD) milk yield and somatic cell score (SCS) of Canadian Holsteins, allowing for heterogeneity of distributions with respect to days in milk (DIM) in lactation. The assumption was that the associations between patterns of variation in these traits and mastitis would allow revealing the hidden structure in the data distribution because of unknown health status of cows. The MIX model assumed separate means and residual co‐variance structures for two components in four intervals of lactation, in addition to fitting the fixed effect of herd‐test‐day, and fixed and random regressions with Legendre polynomials. Results indicated that the mixture model was superior to standard MT model, as supported by the Bayes factor. Approximately 20% of TD records were classified as originated from cows with a putative, sub‐clinical form of mastitis. The proportion of records from mastitic cows was the largest at the beginning of lactation. The MIX model exhibited different distributions of data from healthy and infected cows in different parts of lactation. Records from sick cows were characterized by larger (smaller) means for SCS (milk) and larger variances. Residual, and daily genetic and environmental correlations between milk and SCS were smaller from the MIX model when compared with MT estimates. Heritabilities of both traits differed significantly among records from healthy, sick and MT model estimates. Both models fitted milk records from healthy cows relatively well. The ability of the MT model in handling SCS records, measured by model residuals, was low, but improved substantially, however, where the data were allowed to be separated into two components in the MIX parameterization. Correlations between estimated breeding values (EBV) for sires from both models were very high for cumulative milk yield (>0.99) and slightly lower (0.95 in the interval from 5 to 45 DIM) for daily SCS. EBV for SCS from MT and MIX models were weakly correlated with posterior probability of sub‐clinical mastitis on the phenotypic scale.
Enhanced mating competitiveness of Ceratitis capitata males following exposure to citrus compounds
Authors: Kouloussis N. A. , Katsoyannos B. I. , Papadopoulos N. T. , Ioannou C. S. , Iliadis I. V. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractPrevious work has demonstrated that exposure of males of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae), to the scent of sweet orange increases their mating success relative to non‐exposed males. Here, we demonstrate that exposure to the commercial essential oils of bitter orange, mandarin orange, lemon and grapefruit confer to males a significant mating advantage as well. Likewise, exposure to peel‐wounded mandarin oranges and lemons, and to peel‐wounded sweet oranges of the Merlin, Newhole and Naveline varieties, also conferred a significant mating advantage. Exposure to peel‐wounded grapefruits and bitter oranges as well as to sweet oranges of the local Greek variety Xino Artas enhanced mating success, however, not significantly. These results suggest that the chemicals responsible for mating enhancement in C. capitata are present in several citrus fruit species and varieties. In an experiment involving different doses of commercial sweet orange peel oil, males exposed to medium doses of 12.5 or 25 μl achieved significantly higher numbers of matings with virgin females than control males. Lower doses did not increase mating success, whereas higher doses killed a number of males. In another experiment we tested the effect of the seven most abundant individual chemical compounds of citrus oil (some of them also existing in the pheromone of males) and detected compounds with some potential for further trials. In a final experiment we created a mixture of those compounds (geraniol, α‐pinene, limonene, β‐myrcene and linalool) and found that wild or sterile males exposed to it achieved over 70% of all matings when competing with non‐exposed males. Since the mixture did not contain α‐copaene (an expensive compound that is often invoked as responsible for the phenomenon of mating enhancement) our data could lead in a more cost‐effective and efficient implementation of sterile insect technique (SIT) programmes against C. capitata.