bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: 2,3‐Unsubstituted Chromones and Their Enaminone Precursors as Versatile Reagents for the Synthesis of Fused Pyridines.
Authors: Iaroshenko Viktor O. , Mkrtchyan Satenik , Gevorgyan Ashot , Miliutina Mariia , Villinger Alexander , Volochnyuk Dmytro , Sosnovskikh Vyacheslav Ya. , Langer Peter 
Published: June 2012

AbstractA variety of fused pyridine derivatives is readily prepared by cyclocondensation of chromones (II) or enaminones (VII) with heterocyclic amines [51 examples].
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Pyrido[1,2‐a]indole Malonates and Amines Through Aryne Annulation.
Authors: Rogness Donald C. , Markina Nataliya A. , Waldo Jesse P. , Larock Richard C. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAn efficient and widely applicable method to prepare biologically important pyridoindole malonates and related compounds is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 1‐Aryl‐substituted‐4‐chloroimidazo[1,2‐a]quinoxalines Catalyzed by PdCl2 in Water.
Authors: Bakherad Mohammad , Keivanloo Ali , Samangooei Shahrzad 
Published: June 2012

AbstractSonogashira coupling of substrate (I) with aryl halides is followed by intramolecular cyclization and base‐promoted aromatization.
ChemInform Abstract: A Two‐Step Synthesis of 1H‐Tetrazolyl‐1H‐1,4‐benzonitriles and 1H‐Tetrazolyl‐benzo[b][1,4]diazepines.
Authors: Shaabani Ahmad , Mofakham Hamid , Mousavifaraz Sajjad 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe synthesis of the title compounds involves the condensation of diamines and ketones, intramolecular imine enamine cyclization to form a seven‐membered ring‐intermediate followed by reaction with isocyanide and finally cycloaddition with trimethylsilyl azide.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Silyl C(sp3)—H Bond Activation.
Authors: Liang Yun , Geng Weizhi , Wei Junnian , Ouyang Kunbing , Xi Zhenfeng 
Published: June 2012

AbstractA variety of biphenyls, vinylbenzenes, or arylindoles substituted with methyl‐ or ethylsilyl groups undergo under optimized conditions (palladium source, ligand, base, solvent) an intramolecular coupling reaction, resulting in the formation of six‐membered silacycles.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Dithieno[2,3‐b:4′,3′‐d]siloles and Their Selective Bromination.
Authors: Zhao Jincan , Qiu Dongfang , Shi Jianwu , Wang Hua 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe electronically important title compounds can be selectively brominated to afford mono‐, di‐, and tribrominated derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Diamond‐Shaped [Ag4]4+ Cluster Encapsulated by Silicotungstate Ligands: Synthesis and Catalysis of Hydrolytic Oxidation of Silanes.
Authors: Kikukawa Yuji , Kuroda Yoshiyuki , Yamaguchi Kazuya , Mizuno Noritaka 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe synthesis of AGC is developed and the material is successfully tested as heterogeneous catalyst for the title reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Amino Methylene Bisphosphonates.
Authors: Kunda Uma Maheswara Rao , Balam Satheesh Krishna , Nemallapudi Bakthavatchala Reddy , Chereddy Syama Sundar , Nayak Sandip Kumar , Cirandur Suresh Reddy 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAn efficient and green method for the synthesis of the title bisphosphonates (IV) via a three‐component one‐pot reaction is given.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antidepressant‐Like Activity of Selenophenes Obtained via Iron(III)—PhSeSePh‐Mediated Cyclization of Z‐Selenoenynes.
Authors: Gai Bibiana M. , Stein Andre L. , Roehrs Juliano A. , Bilheri Filipe N. , Nogueira Cristina W. , Zeni Gilson 
Published: June 2012

AbstractA variety of new 2,5‐disubstituted‐3‐seleno‐selenophenes and related tellurophenes is synthesized by FeCl3‐dichalcogenide mediated cyclization of (Z)‐enynes (I).
ChemInform Abstract: A Benzothiazole Alkyne Fluorescent Sensor for Cu Detection in Living Cell.
Authors: Qi Jianjun , Han Myung Shin , Tung Ching‐Hsuan 
Published: June 2012

AbstractA new type of alkyne dye, namely 6‐(dimethylamino)‐2‐ethynylbenzothiazole (I), is developed for copper sensing in biological systems.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐8‐Deisopropyladunctin B (VI)
Authors: Yamashita Masayuki , et al. et al. 
Published: June 2012

Abstractinvolving the stereoconvergent skeleton transformation from benzocyclobutapyranone (III) to dibenzofuran derivative (V) with dimethylsulfoxonium methylide as the key step
ChemInform Abstract: Inhibitory Activity of Eudesmane Sesquiterpenes from Alpinia oxyphylla on Production of Nitric Oxide
Authors: Xu Junju , Ji Changjiu , Zhang Yumei , Su Jia , Li Yan , Tan Ninghua 
Published: June 2012

Abstractisolation and structure elucidation of seven new eudesmane‐type sesquiterpenes (I) ‐ (VI) isolated from the fruits of the Ginger family plant Alpinia oxyphylla
ChemInform Abstract: The Beckmann Rearrangement Applied to Ursolic Acid with Antimalarial Activity in Medicinal Chemistry Studies.
Authors: Dalla‐Vechia Luciana , Dassonville‐Klimpt Alexandra , Grellier Philippe , Sonnet Pascal , Gosmann Grace , Gnoatto Simone C. B. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractA ring‐expanded derivative (II) of ursolic acid and the corresponding fragmentation product (III) are obtained by the Beckmann rearrangement of ursolic acid derivative (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Increased Dipeptoid Diversity Resulting from Post‐Condensational Manipulation of the Ugi Reaction Products.
Authors: Krasavin Mikhail , Nikulnikov Mikhail M. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractRing opening of 5,6‐dihydropyrazolo[1,5‐a]pyrazines of type (I) with primary or secondary amines yields dipeptoid compounds of type (III) and (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Ullmann‐Type Reductive Homocoupling of Iodoaryl Glycosides.
Authors: Bergeron‐Brlek Milan , Giguere Denis , Shiao Tze Chieh , Saucier Catherine , Roy Rene 
Published: June 2012

AbstractA new method to prepare biaryl‐linked divalent glycosides is reported.
Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy of DNA: From Duplexes to Quadruplexes
Authors: Vorlíčková Michaela , Kejnovská Iva , Bednářová Klára , Renčiuk Daniel , Kypr Jaroslav 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTNucleic acids bear the genetic information and participate in its expression and evolution during replication, repair, recombination, transcription, and translation. These phenomena are mostly based on recognition of nucleic acids by proteins. The major factor enabling the specific recognition is structure. Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy is very useful to study secondary structures of nucleic acids, in general, and DNA, in particular. CD sensitively reflects isomerizations among distinct conformational states. The isomerizations may operate as molecular switches regulating various physiological or pathological processes. Here, we review CD spectra of nucleic acids, beginning with early studies on natural DNA molecules through analyses of synthetic polynucleotides to study of selected genomic fragments. Chirality 24:691–698, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Anthranilamide–Pyrazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidine Conjugates as p53 Activators in Cervical Cancer Cells
Authors: Kamal Ahmed , Tamboli Jaki R. , Ramaiah M. Janaki , Adil S. F. , Koteswara Rao G. , Viswanath A. , Mallareddy Adla , Pushpavalli S. N. C. V. L. , Pal‐Bhadra Manika 
Published: June 2012

AbstractA library of new anthranilamide–pyrazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidine conjugates were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their anticancer activity in cervical cancer cells such as HeLa and SiHa that possess low levels of p53. All 24 conjugates showed antiproliferative activity, while some of them exhibit significant cytotoxicity. In assays related to cell‐cycle distribution, these conjugates induced G2/M arrest in HeLa cells and G1 cell‐cycle arrest in SiHa cells. Immunocytochemistry assays revealed that these compounds cause nuclear translocation of p53, thereby indicating the activation of p53. In cervical cancer cells, the p53 protein is degraded by E6 oncoprotein. Immunoblot and RT‐PCR analyses proved the presence of mitochondria‐mediated apoptosis with involvement p53 target genes such as BAX, Bcl2, and p21 (CDKI). Moreover, these compounds increased the phosphorylated forms of p53 and provide signals for apoptosis induction. Interestingly, one of the conjugates, (2‐phenyl‐7‐(3,4,5‐trimethoxyphenyl)pyrazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidin‐5‐yl)(4‐(2‐(thiophen‐2‐ylmethylamino)benzoyl)piperazin‐1‐yl)methanone, is the most promising candidate in this series and has the potential to be taken up for further detailed studies.
Large GABAergic neurons form a distinct subclass within the mouse dorsal cortex of the inferior colliculus with respect to intrinsic properties, synaptic inputs, sound responses, and projections
Authors: Geis H. Rüdiger A.P. , Borst J. Gerard G. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractNeurons in the inferior colliculus (IC) show a remarkable diversity in their responses to sound, but it has been difficult to relate these responses to their morphology. Large cells, which are found in all subdivisions of the IC, may form an exception. We found that large neurons of the mouse dorsal cortex of the IC were GABAergic and were contacted by vesicular glutamate transporter 2‐containing somatic terminals, as previously observed for the rat IC. Large cells, which were targeted under two‐photon guidance, typically had a low input resistance in comparison with the other cells in the dorsal cortex of the IC. Large cells received short‐latency excitatory inputs and had short first‐spike latencies. These excitatory inputs were often followed by long‐latency inhibitory postsynaptic potentials. In four cells, it was possible to reconstruct the ascending axon following labeling with biocytin. We found evidence that they projected to both the ventral and the dorsal divisions of the medial geniculate body of the thalamus, but they also branched off large collaterals while passing through the brachium of the IC. Our data indicate that, owing to their somatic glutamatergic inputs, large GABAergic tectothalamic projection neurons can generate short‐latency, well‐timed, feed‐forward inhibition, which affects not only the thalamus, but also other ascending nuclei. Their remarkably homogeneous properties, which generally differed from those of the other cells in the dorsal cortex of the IC, suggest that large neurons form a distinct subclass within the dorsal cortex of the IC. J. Comp. Neurol. 521:189–202, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Neurotropic virus tracing suggests a membranous‐coating‐mediated mechanism for transsynaptic communication
Authors: Li Yan‐Chao , Bai Wan‐Zhu , Hirano Norio , Hayashida Tsuyako , Taniguchi Takahide , Sugita Yoichi , Tohyama Koujiro , Hashikawa Tsutomu 
Published: June 2012

AbstractSwine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (HEV) has been shown to have a capability to propagate via neural circuits to the central nervous system after peripheral inoculation, resulting in acute deadly encephalomyelitis in natural host piglets as well as in experimental younger rodents. This study has systematically examined the assembly and dissemination of HEV 67N in the primary motor cortex of infected rats and provides additional evidence indicating that membranous‐coating‐mediated endo‐/exocytosis can be used by HEV for its transsynaptic transfer. In addition, our results suggested that this transsynaptic pathway could adapted for larger granular materials, such as viruses. These findings should help in understanding the mechanisms underlying coronavirus infections as well as the intercellular exchanges occurring at the synaptic junctions. J. Comp. Neurol. 521:203–212, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Evolutionary design of bone scaffolds with reference to material selection
Authors: Heljak M. K. , Święszkowski W. , Lam C. X. F. , Hutmacher D. W. , Kurzydłowski K. J. 
Published: June 2012

SUMMARYThe favourable scaffold for bone tissue engineering should have desired characteristic features, such as adequate mechanical strength and three‐dimensional open porosity, which guarantee a suitable environment for tissue regeneration. In fact, the design of such complex structures like bone scaffolds is a challenge for investigators. One of the aims is to achieve the best possible mechanical strength–degradation rate ratio. In this paper we attempt to use numerical modelling to evaluate material properties for designing bone tissue engineering scaffold fabricated via the fused deposition modelling technique. For our studies the standard genetic algorithm was used, which is an efficient method of discrete optimization. For the fused deposition modelling scaffold, each individual strut is scrutinized for its role in the architecture and structural support it provides for the scaffold, and its contribution to the overall scaffold was studied. The goal of the study was to create a numerical tool that could help to acquire the desired behaviour of tissue engineered scaffolds and our results showed that this could be achieved efficiently by using different materials for individual struts. To represent a great number of ways in which scaffold mechanical function loss could proceed, the exemplary set of different desirable scaffold stiffness loss function was chosen. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Self‐Assembled Monolayers with Dynamicity Stemming from (Bio)Chemical Conversions: From Construction to Application
Authors: Choi Inseong , Yeo Woon‐Seok 
Published: June 2012

AbstractSurfaces with “dynamicity” whereby surface properties can be modulated by an external stimulus on user demand have been actively exploited for the past decade. These switchable surfaces with dynamic properties are widely used for a number of applications such as micro/nanoarrays, biomolecule immobilization, basic cell studies, and tissue engineering on a variety of materials. This minireview highlights the dynamic control of surface properties on self‐assembled monolayers and focuses on dynamicity that stems from (bio)chemical conversions achieved by electrical potentials, photoillumination, chemical reagents, enzymes, and pH.
Circadian clock genes Bmal1 and Clock during early chick development
Authors: Gonçalves Lisa , Vinhas Maurícia , Pereira Rui , Pais De Azevedo Tomás , Bajanca Fernanda , Palmeirim Isabel 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBackground: The circadian clock is a well‐described temporal organizer in adult organisms. Despite the particularly evident need for temporal control during embryo development, the effect of environmental cues is still greatly neglected. Few studies have reported circadian clock gene expression in early embryonic stages. However, nothing is known about circadian clock gene expression and function in the first stages of avian embryogenesis. Results/Conclusions: In this work, the presence and spatial distribution of core circadian clock Bmal1 and Clock transcripts were thoroughly characterized during the first 50 hr of chick development using reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR), single and double whole‐mount in situ hybridization and subsequent cross‐section histology analysis. RT‐PCR detected both Bmal1 and Clock transcripts since the egg is laid and until the embryo reaches the 22‐somite stage. Whole‐mount in situ hybridization showed that Bmal1 and Clock are expressed in the Hensen's node and primitive streak at early gastrula stage. Later, both mRNAs are present in the developing nervous system, optic vesicle, notochord, foregut, and somites. Clock was further identified in the developing heart. Noticeably, Bmal1 and Clock are expressed with a “salt and pepper” pattern, suggesting the existence of nonentrained oscillatory transcription which could play a nondependent dark/light function during chick embryo development. Developmental Dynamics 241:1365–1373, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mitochondrial lineages in Notochthamalus scabrosus as indicators of coastal recruitment and interactions
Authors: Laughlin Kelly M. , Ewers Christine , Wares John P. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractA significant genetic cline has previously been identified along the Chilean coast in the barnacle Notochthamalus scabrosus. Samples from the previous study, spanning 800 km, were not able to show whether the southern lineage ultimately goes to fixation at higher latitudes. In addition to expanding the geographic sampling of this species, locations that were sampled approximately four to five generations ago were resampled for this study, enabling a temporal comparison of the location and strength of the observed cline. Here, we show that although the cline persists as expected, the tremendous changes in observed lineage frequencies near the clinal boundary are indicative of source‐sink dynamics that may be associated with a codistributed biogeographic transition zone. We also find that the southern lineage does not increase in frequency in more southern populations, suggesting that this lineage is maintained through a combination of density‐dependent interactions and a coastal fitness gradient.
The reaction of 2‐bromopyridine with a PH3/H2 system in the KOH/DMSO suspension: A short route to tris(2‐pyridyl)phosphine
Authors: Trofimov Boris A. , Gusarova Nina K. , Artem'ev Alexander V. , Malysheva Svetlana F. , Belogorlova Nataliya A. , Korocheva Anastasiya O. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe straightforward reaction of 2‐bromopyridine with a PH3/H2 system (generated from phosphorus red and aqueous alkali) in the superbasic KOH/DMSO/(H2O) suspension under mild conditions (70°C, 1.5 h, atmospheric pressure) affords selectively and cleanly tris(2‐pyridyl)phosphine in 50% yield; no admixtures of the expected primary and secondary pyridylphosphines were observed in the crude product. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 23:411–414, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/hc.21030
AN INSTRUMENTAL VARIABLE APPROACH TO UNEMPLOYMENT, PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH AND SOCIAL NORM EFFECTS
Authors: Gathergood John 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTThis empirical study presents estimates of the impact of unemployment on psychological health using UK household panel data. The causal impact of unemployment is established using instrumental variable methods. Psychological health is measured using both the General Household Questionnaire measure and also self‐reported data on individual occurrences of anxiety‐related conditions. We find evidence for positive selection into unemployment on the basis of poor psychological health. Nevertheless, panel instrumental variable estimates suggest a sizeable causal worsening of psychological health arising from unemployment. We also find evidence that the negative impact of unemployment can be largely mitigated by local labour market conditions: those entering unemployment in localities with higher unemployment rates suffer less deterioration in their psychological health. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Simultaneous polysubstance use among Danish 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine and hallucinogen users: combination patterns and proposed biological bases
Authors: Licht Cecilie L. , Christoffersen Maria , Okholm Mads , Damgaard Lærke , Fink‐Jensen Anders , Knudsen Gitte M. , Erritzoe David 
Published: June 2012

ObjectiveTo describe patterns of simultaneous polysubstance use (SPU) among Danish 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) (“Ecstasy”) and hallucinogen users.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey of 98 active MDMA and/or hallucinogen users recruited through homepage advertisements, flyers, and word of mouth in Denmark. Lifetime and recent substance use and SPU at last recalled use was described by structured interviews. Hair samples from a subset of participants were analyzed for MDMA.ResultsThe participants had used an average of 12.6 (95% confidence interval: 11.7–13.4) psychoactive substances during their lifetime. SPU was prevalent among MDMA, d‐lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and psilocybin users, in particular with alcohol and cannabis. Among MDMA users, 69% had combined MDMA with amphetamines, 56% with hallucinogens, and 47% with cocaine. At last recalled use, MDMA was taken with 2.1 ± 1.2 substances in 32 different combinations. The participants preferred specific drug combinations and named several, which in their experience enhanced or counteracted each other. Alcohol and cannabis were typically used before, during, and after MDMA, LSD, and psilocybin, whereas amphetamines were predominantly taken before these substances. When LSD was combined with MDMA, the majority took MDMA after LSD.ConclusionsSimultaneous polysubstance use was common among Danish MDMA and hallucinogen users, and patterns of preferred substance combinations were evident. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An ex vivo co‐culture model system to evaluate stromal–epithelial interactions in breast cancer
Authors: Salameh T.S. , Le T.T. , Nichols M.B. , Bauer E. , Cheng J. , Camarillo I.G. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBreast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among women worldwide. High breast cancer incidence and mortality rates, especially in obese patients, emphasize the need for a better biological understanding of this disease. Previous studies provide substantial evidence for a vital role of the local extracellular environment in multiple steps of tumor progression, including proliferation and invasion. Current evidence supports the role of adipocytes as an endocrine organ, which produces steroid hormones, pro‐inflammatory cytokines and adipokines, such as leptin. To further define the role of the mammary microenvironment on tumorigenesis, we have developed an adipose‐tumor epithelial cell co‐culture system designed to reproduce the in vivo mammary environment. We validate this model through use of coherent anti‐Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy, a label‐free vibrational imaging technique. CARS analysis demonstrates the sustained viability of the adipocytes, and that mammary cancer cell morphology parallels that of tumors in vivo. Also, characterized was the influence of mammary adipose tissue on tumor cell growth and migration. Adipose tissue co‐cultured with mammary tumor epithelial cells, in the absence of any serum or supplemental growth factors, resulted in substantial increases in growth and migration of tumor cells. In conclusion, this novel co‐culture system provides an ideal model to study epithelial–stromal interactions in the mammary gland. Understanding the relationship between adipose tissue, the most abundant and least studied component of the breast stroma and tumor epithelial cells is critical to clarifying the influence of obesity on the development, progression and prognosis of breast cancer.