bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
miR‐141 modulates androgen receptor transcriptional activity in human prostate cancer cells through targeting the small heterodimer partner protein
Authors: Xiao Jing , Gong Ai‐Yu , Eischeid Alex N. , Chen Dongqing , Deng Caishu , Young Charles Y.F. , Chen Xian‐Ming 
Published: February 2012

AbstractBACKGROUNDAberrant expressions of microRNAs, including upregulation of miR‐141, are closely associated with the tumorigenesis of prostate cancer (PCa). The orphan receptor small heterodimer partner (Shp) is a co‐repressor to androgen receptor (AR) and represses AR‐regulated transcriptional activity.METHODSHere, we investigated the correlation of Shp expression with the cellular level of miR‐141 and its effects on AR transcriptional activity in non‐malignant and malignant human prostate epithelial cell lines.RESULTSWe found that Shp was downregulated in multiple PCa cell lines. The mature form of miR‐141 was upregulated in PCa cells. miR‐141 could target 3′‐untranslated region of Shp mRNA resulting in translational suppression and RNA degradation. Moreover, enforced expression of Shp or inhibition of miR‐141 function by anti‐miR‐141 attenuated AR‐regulated transcriptional activity in AR‐responsive LNCaP cells. Phenethyl isothiocyanate, a natural constituent of many edible cruciferous vegetables, increased Shp expression, downregulated miR‐141, and inhibited AR transcriptional activity in LNCaP cells.CONCLUSIONSShp is a target for miR‐141 and it is downregulated in cultured human PCa cells with the involvement of upregulation of miR‐141, which promotes AR transcriptional activity. Moreover, Shp and miR‐141 could be targets for chemoprevention for PCa. Prostate 72:1514–1522, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Omega‐Functionalized Fatty Acids, Alcohols, and Ethers via Olefin Metathesis
Authors: Zerkowski Jonathan A. , Solaiman Daniel K. Y. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractMethyl 17‐hydroxy stearate was converted to methyl octadec‐16‐enoate using copper sulfate adsorbed on silica gel. This compound served as a useful substrate for the olefin metathesis reaction. As a result, several fatty acids with novel functional groups at the ω‐end were prepared: a glyceryl ether attached at the 18‐carbon, an aromatic fatty acid from eugenol, and a ferrocenyl fatty acid. By employing the unsaturated fatty alcohol, other groups were introduced, namely the terminal fluoride, bromide, and iodide were prepared, as was a thiol derivative. The penultimate and omega olefins reported here should serve as building blocks that allow fatty acids to make a greater contribution to a range of emerging technological areas.
Optimization of Phytosterols Recovery from Soybean Oil Deodorizer Distillate
Authors: Yan Feng , Yang Haojun , Li Jianxin , Wang Huiling 
Published: February 2012

AbstractA large amount of phytosterols in the bound form remains in the waste residue during the traditional process of recovering tocopherols and sterols from soybean oil deodorizer distillate (SODD). In order to avoid the loss of natural resources, we developed a process to recover the maximum amount of phytosterols from SODD. The process includes saponification, methyl esterification, and crystallization. The purpose of saponification and methyl esterification were to decompose the bound phytosterols and to esterify the fatty acids, respectively. The yield of sterols was dependent on saponification and solvent crystallization. The conditions of saponification and solvent crystallization were optimized by single‐factor tests and response surface methodology, respectively. The sterol yield obtained under the optimized conditions was 6.64%. This value is much greater than 4.43% obtained by the traditional industrial process. The purity of the recovered sterols was 94.7%.
Quality of Intrathecal Baclofen From Different Sources
Authors: Farid Reza , Murdock Fred A. , Bonnett Anne , Mawhinney Thomas P. , Chance Deborah , Waters James K. , Hewett John E. 
Published: February 2012

ObjectiveTo compare the quality of intrathecal baclofen obtained from a national compounding pharmacy (AnazaoHealth) with the manufactured product (Lioresal) with regard to accuracy and precision of baclofen concentration, and the content of the baclofen degradation product, 4‐(4‐chlorophenyl)‐2‐pyrrolidinone (PYR).DesignSamples of baclofen used for refilling intrathecal pumps were placed in 1.2‐mL silicone gasket–sealed cryogenic vials and stored at or lower than −25°C. Each sample was a different lot number (Lioresal) or prescription number (AnazaoHealth). The laboratory was blinded to the source of the solutions. Coupled with electrospray ionization‐mass spectrometry analyte confirmation, quantitation of baclofen and PYR in each sample was performed in duplicate by using high‐performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection via a photodiode array detector.SettingOutpatient clinic.ParticipantsPatients with intrathecal baclofen pumps.Main Outcome MeasuresAccuracy and precision of baclofen concentration, and concentration of PYR.ResultsThe difference of mean concentrations from expected concentrations of 500 and 2000 μg/mL were significantly greater for samples from AnazaoHealth compared with Lioresal. Values are shown as mean (± standard error), with n the number samples, for AnazaoHealth compared with Lioresal: (537.1 ± 6.7 μg/mL [n = 8] versus 515.6 ± 0.82 μg/mL [n = 5]; P = .034, respectively) and (2211.4 ± 21.6 μg/mL [n = 12] versus 2055.3 ± 8.7 μg/mL [n = 4]; P = .004, respectively). AnazaoHealth samples with expected concentration of 4000 μg/mL were 3987.7 ± 79.9 μg/mL, n = 7. All 9 Lioresal samples were within 5% of the expected concentration. Of 27 AnazaoHealth samples, 22 were more than 5%, and 8 were more than 10% different from the expected concentration. No PYR was detected in any sample from AnazaoHealth. All samples of Lioresal contained PYR, but all solutions contained less PYR than 1% of the baclofen concentration.ConclusionsLioresal was more accurate in concentration and more precise among batches than compounded intrathecal baclofen but had higher levels of PYR.
ON A CERTAIN CONVOLUTION OF POLYLOGARITHMS
Authors: TSUMURA HIROFUMI 
Published: February 2012

AbstractIn this paper, we consider certain double series analogous to Tornheim’s double series and real analytic Eisenstein series. By computing double integrals in two ways, we express the double series as a sum of products of polylogarithms. The technique generalises one given by Kanemitsu, Tanigawa and Yoshimoto. Evaluating the double series at particular points gives new evaluations for certain double series in terms of values of the Riemann zeta function and the dilogarithm which are analogues of formulas of Mordell and Goncharov.
ON THE DIOPHANTINE EQUATION (8n)x+(15n)y=(17n)z
Authors: YANG ZHI-JUAN , TANG MIN 
Published: February 2012

AbstractLet a,b,c be relatively prime positive integers such that a2+b2=c2. Half a century ago, Jeśmanowicz [‘Several remarks on Pythagorean numbers’, Wiadom. Mat.1 (1955/56), 196–202] conjectured that for any given positive integer n the only solution of (an)x+(bn)y=(cn)z in positive integers is (x,y,z)=(2,2,2). In this paper, we show that (8n)x+(15n)y=(17n)z has no solution in positive integers other than (x,y,z)=(2,2,2).
The effect of a fictitious peer on young children's choice of familiarv. unfamiliar low- and high-energy-dense foods
Authors: Bevelander Kirsten E. , Anschütz Doeschka J. , Engels Rutger C. M. E. 
Published: February 2012

The present experimental study was the first to investigate the impact of a remote (non-existent) peer on children's food choice of familiarv. unfamiliar low- and high-energy-dense food products. In a computer task, children (n316; 50·3 % boys; mean age 7·13 (sd0·75) years) were asked to choose between pictures of familiar and unfamiliar foods in four different choice blocks using the following pairs: (1) familiarv. unfamiliar low-energy-dense foods (fruits and vegetables), (2) familiarv. unfamiliar high-energy-dense foods (high sugar, salt and/or fat content), (3) familiar low-energy-densev. unfamiliar high-energy-dense foods and (4) unfamiliar low-energy-densev. familiar high-energy-dense foods. Participants who were not in the control group were exposed to the food choices (either always the familiar or always the unfamiliar food product) of a same-sex and same-age fictitious peer who was supposedly completing the same task at another school. The present study provided insights into children's choices between (un)familiar low- and high-energy-dense foods in an everyday situation. The findings revealed that the use of fictitious peers increased children's willingness to try unfamiliar foods, although children tended to choose high-energy-dense foods over low-energy-dense foods. Intervention programmes that use peer influence to focus on improving children's choice of healthy foods should take into account children's strong aversion to unfamiliar low-energy-dense foods as well as their general preference for familiar and unfamiliar high-energy-dense foods.
Trophic relationships between predators, whiteflies and their parasitoids in tomato greenhouses: a molecular approach
Authors: Moreno-Ripoll R. , Gabarra R. , Symondson W.O.C. , King R.A. , Agustí N. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe whitefliesBemisia tabaciGennadius andTrialeurodes vaporariorum(Westwood) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) are two of the main pests in tomato crops. Their biological control in Mediterranean IPM systems is based on the predatorsMacrolophus pygmaeus(Rambur) andNesidiocoris tenuisReuter (Hemiptera: Miridae), as well as on the parasitoidsEretmocerus mundus(Mercet) andEncarsia pergandiellaHoward (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae). These natural enemies may interact with each other and their joint use could interfere with the biological control of those whitefly pests. Analysis of predator-prey interactions under field conditions is therefore essential in order to optimize whitefly control. Species-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-primers were designed to detect DNA fragments of these whiteflies and parasitoids within both predator species in tomato greenhouses. We demonstrated that both predators feed on both whitefly species, as well as on both parasitoids under greenhouse conditions. Prey molecular detection was possible where prey abundance was very low or even where predation was not observed under a microscope. Whitefly DNA detection was positively correlated with adult whitefly abundance in the crop. However, a significant relationship was not observed between parasitoid DNA detection and the abundance of parasitoid pupae, even though the predation rate on parasitoids was high. This unidirectional intraguild predation (predators on parasitoids) could potentially reduce their combined impact on their joint prey/host. Prey molecular detection provided improved detection of prey consumption in greenhouse crops, as well as the possibility to identify which prey species were consumed by each predator species present in the greenhouse, offering a blueprint with wider applicability to other food webs.
Complex dynamics of Möbius semigroups
Authors: FRIED DAVID , MAROTTA SEBASTIAN M. , STANKEWITZ RICH 
Published: February 2012

AbstractWe study the dynamics of semigroups of Möbius transformations on the Riemann sphere, especially their Julia sets and attractors. This theory relates to the dynamics of rational functions, rational semigroups, and Möbius groups and we compare and contrast these theories. We particularly examine Caruso’s family of Möbius semigroups, based on a random dynamics variant of the Fibonacci sequence.
An L1 ergodic theorem with values in a non-positively curved space via a canonical barycenter map
Authors: NAVAS ANDRÉS 
Published: February 2012

AbstractWe give a general version of the Birkhoff ergodic theorem for functions taking values in non-positively curved spaces. In this setting, the notion of a Birkhoff sum is replaced by that of a barycenter along the orbits. The construction of an appropriate barycenter map is the core of this note. As a byproduct of our construction, we prove a fixed point theorem for actions by isometries on a Buseman space.
Diophantine approximation by orbits of expanding Markov maps
Authors: LIAO LINGMIN , SEURET STÉPHANE 
Published: February 2012

AbstractIn 1995, Hill and Velani introduced the ‘shrinking targets’ theory. Given a dynamical system ([0,1],T), they investigated the Hausdorff dimension of sets of points whose orbits are close to some fixed point. In this paper, we study the sets of points well approximated by orbits {Tnx}n≥0, where Tis an expanding Markov map with a finite partition supported by [0,1]. The dimensions of these sets are described using the multifractal properties of invariant Gibbs measures.
L-band radiometer design for long-term stability measurement of one-port devices
Authors: de la Jarrige Emilie Leynia , Escotte Laurent , Gonneau Eric , Goutoule Jean-Marc 
Published: February 2012

The design of a high-stability radiometer is presented in this paper. It is used to characterize the stability of a microwave active cold load at L-band. The two-load radiometer takes advantage of a noise injection technique to improve its sensitivity. A temperature-stabilized enclosure is used to minimize gain and noise temperature fluctuations of the receiver. The radiometer sensitivity is 0.031 K and the gain fluctuations are less than 0.005 dB during 1 day. The total gain and the receiver noise temperature of the radiometer exhibit very small variations (<0.03 dB and 1 K, respectively) on the long term.
Metaproteogenomic analysis of a community of sponge symbionts
Authors: Liu Michael , Fan Lu , Zhong Ling , Kjelleberg Staffan , Thomas Torsten 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
Sponges harbour complex communities of diverse microorganisms, which have been postulated to form intimate symbiotic relationships with their host. Here we unravel some of these interactions by characterising the functional features of the microbial community of the sponge Cymbastela concentrica through a combined metagenomic and metaproteomic approach. We discover the expression of specific transport functions for typical sponge metabolites (for example, halogenated aromatics, dipeptides), which indicates metabolic interactions between the community and the host. We also uncover the simultaneous performance of aerobic nitrification and anaerobic denitrification, which would aid to remove ammonium secreted by the sponge. Our analysis also highlights the requirement for the microbial community to respond to variable environmental conditions and hence express an array of stress protection proteins. Molecular interactions between symbionts and their host might also be mediated by a set of expressed eukaryotic-like proteins and cell–cell mediators. Finally, some sponge-associated bacteria (for example, a Phyllobacteriaceae phylotype) appear to undergo an evolutionary adaptation process to the sponge environment as evidenced by active mobile genetic elements. Our data clearly show that a combined metaproteogenomic approach can provide novel information on the activities, physiology and interactions of sponge-associated microbial communities.
Replacement of mouse embryonic fibroblasts with bone marrow stromal cells for use in establishing and maintaining embryonic stem cells in mice
Authors: Lee Chae Hyun , Park Jun Hong , Lee Jae Hee , Ahn Ji Yeon , Park Jong Heum , Lee Bo‐Ram , Kim Dae Yong , Lim Jeong Mook 
Published: February 2012

AbstractWe have investigated the use of BMSC (bone marrow stromal cell) as a feeder cell for improving culture efficiency of ESC (embryonic stem cell). B6CBAF1 blastocysts or ESC stored after their establishment were seeded on to a feeder layer of either SCA‐1+/CD45−/CD11b− BMSC or MEF (mouse embryonic fibroblast). Feeder cell activity in promoting ESC establishment from the blastocysts and in supporting ESC maintenance did not differ significantly between BMSC and MEF feeders. However, the highest efficiency of colony formation after culturing of inner cell mass cells of blastocysts was observed with the BMSC line that secreted the largest amount of LIF (leukaemia inhibitory factor). Exogenous LIF was essential for the ESC establishment on BMSC feeder, but not for ESC maintenance. Neither change in stem cell‐specific gene expression nor increase in stem cell aneuploidy was detected after the use of BMSC feeder. We conclude that BMSC can be utilized as the feeder of ESC, which improves culture efficiency.
Seasonal Influenza Vaccine Compliance among Hospital-Based and Nonhospital-Based Healthcare Workers
Authors: Rebmann Terri , Wright Kathleen S. , Anthony John , Knaup Richard C. , Peters Eleanor B. 
Published: February 2012

Background.Influenza vaccination among nonhospital healthcare workers (HCWs) is imperative, but only limited data are available for factors affecting their compliance.Objective.To examine the factors influencing influenza vaccine compliance among hospital and nonhospital HCWs.Design and Setting.A vaccine compliance questionnaire was administered to HCWs working in myriad healthcare settings in March-June 2011.Methods.Online and paper surveys were used to assess compliance with the 2010/2011, 2009/2010, and H1N1 influenza vaccines and to examine factors that predicted the uptake of the 2010/2011 seasonal influenza vaccine.Results.In all, 3,188 HCWs completed the survey; half of these (n = 1,719) reported no hospital work time. Compliance rates for all 3 vaccines were significantly higher (P< .001) among hospital versus nonhospital HCWs. In logistic regression stratified by hospital versus nonhospital setting, and when controlling for demographics and past behavior, the determinants of vaccination against the 2010/2011 seasonal influenza among nonhospital-based HCWs included having a mandatory vaccination policy, perceived importance, no fear of vaccine adverse effects, free and on-site access, and perceived susceptibility to influenza. Determinants of hospital-based HCW vaccine compliance included having a mandatory vaccination policy, belief that HCWs should be vaccinated every year, occupational health encouragement, perceived importance of vaccination, on-site access, and no fear of vaccine adverse effects. The strongest predictor of compliance for both worker groups was existence of a mandatory vaccination policy.Conclusions.The reasons for vaccine uptake among nonhospital-based versus hospital-based HCWs differed. Targeted interventions should be aimed at workers in these settings to increase their vaccine compliance, including implementing a mandatory vaccination policy.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2012;33(3):243-249
The Efficacy of Daily Bathing with Chlorhexidine for Reducing Healthcare-Associated Bloodstream Infections: A Meta-analysis
Authors: O'Horo John C. , Silva Germana L. M. , Munoz-Price L. Silvia , Safdar Nasia 
Published: February 2012

Design.Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies to assess the efficacy of daily bathing with chlorhexidine (CHG) for prevention of healthcare-associated bloodstream infections (BSIs).Setting.Medical, surgical, trauma, and combined medical-surgical intensive care units (ICUs) and long-term acute care hospitals.Participants.Inpatients.Methods.Data on patient population, diagnostic criteria for BSIs, form and concentration of topical CHG, incidence of BSIs, and study design were extracted.Results.One randomized controlled trial and 11 nonrandomized controlled trials reporting a total of 137,392 patient-days met the inclusion criteria; 291 patients in the CHG arm developed a BSI over 67,775 patient-days, compared with 557 patients in the control arm over 69,617 catheter-days. CHG bathing resulted in a reduced incidence of BSIs: the pooled odds ratio using a random-effects model was 0.44 (95% confidence interval, 0.33–0.59; P< .00001). Statistical heterogeneity was moderate, with an I2 of 58%. For the subgroup of studies that examined central line–associated BSIs, the odds ratio was 0.40 (95% confidence interval, 0.27–0.59).Conclusions.Daily bathing with CHG reduced the incidence of BSIs, including central line-associated BSIs, among patients in the medical ICU. Further studies are recommended to determine the optimal frequency, method of application, and concentration of CHG as well as the comparative effectiveness of this strategy relative to other preventive measures available for reducing BSIs. Future studies should also examine the efficacy of daily CHG bathing in non-ICU populations at risk for BSI.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2012;33(3):257-267
Spectrum of Gastroparesis in Children
Authors: Waseem Shamaila , Islam Saleem , Kahn Genie , Moshiree Baharak , Talley Nicholas J. 
Published: February 2012

ABSTRACTBackground:Gastroparesis (GP) is characterized by delayed gastric emptying in the absence of mechanical outlet obstruction. Symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, bloating, early satiety, abdominal pain, and weight loss. Delayed gastric emptying of a solid‐phase meal assessed by radionuclear scintigraphy is the criterion standard for diagnosis. The prevalence of GP is difficult to estimate due to the lack of a validated, widely available diagnostic test that can be applied in primary care. The extent of this problem in children is unknown.Methods:We studied a cohort of children with GP diagnosed by radionuclear scintigraphy to identify demographics, symptoms, comorbidities, treatment, and outcomes. A retrospective analysis of 239 patients between ages 0 and 21 years was performed.Results:The mean age of presentation was 7.9 years, and boys and girls were almost equally affected, that is, 48.5% and 51.5%, respectively. Vomiting was the most frequent presenting symptom (68%), followed by abdominal pain (51%), nausea (28%), weight loss (27%), early satiety (25%), and bloating (7%). Almost 75% of patients responded to intravenous erythromycin administered provocatively during gastric scintigraphy. In a majority of the patients, no cause was identified, that is, idiopathic GP (70%), followed by drugs (18%) and postsurgical (12.5%) causes. Only 4% patients had diabetic GP, and our population was essentially narcotic naïve (2%). After an average of 24 months' follow‐up, the most common complication was esophageal reflux (67%). Despite different therapeutic modalities, by the end of the follow‐up period, a significant improvement in symptoms was reported by an average of 60%, regardless of sex, age, or degree of emptying delay.Conclusions:GP has a good prognosis in childhood despite different etiologies, symptom presentation, and therapy.
Reactivity of human convalescent sera with influenza virus hemagglutinin protein mutants at antigenic site A
Authors: Nobusawa Eri , Omagari Katsumi , Nakajima Setsuko , Nakajima Katsuhisa 
Published: February 2012

ABSTRACTHow the antibodies of individual convalescent human sera bind to each amino acid residue at the antigenic sites of hemagglutinin (HA) of influenza viruses, and how the antigenic drift strains of influenza viruses are selected by human sera, is not well understood. In our previous study, it was found by a binding assay with a chimeric HA between A/Kamata/14/91 (Ka/91) and A/Aichi/2/68 that convalescent human sera, following Ka/91 like (H3N2) virus infection, bind to antigenic site A of Ka/91 HA. Here using chimeric HAs possessing single amino acid substitutions at site A, it was determined how those human sera recognize each amino acid residue at antigenic site A. It was found that the capacity of human sera to recognize amino acid substitutions at site A differs from one person to another and that some amino acid substitutions result in all convalescent human sera losing their binding capacity. Among these amino acid substitutions, certain ones might be selected by chance, thus creating successive antigenic drift. Phylogenetic analysis of the drift strains of Ka/91 showed amino acid substitutions at positions 133, 135 and 145 were on the main stream of the phylogenetic tree. Indeed, all of the investigated convalescent sera failed to recognize one of them.