bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Moxibustion for Obesity Complicated with Climacteric Syndrome: A protocol for systematic reviews and meta-analyses
Authors: Yu Benlu , Huang Wei , Wang Jiajie , Chen Xia , Fu Chengwei , Hu Feng , Zhou Zhongyu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Introduction Obesity complicated with climacteric syndrome (OCCS) is a disease in which estrogen levels are reduced, resulting in an imbalance between lipid metabolism, energy intake and consumption, and weight gain. Moxibustion, as non-interventional external treatment that prevents and treats diseases through thermal stimulation of relevant acupoints, has a certain advantage in the treatment of OCCS because of its affordability, convenience, efficacy, simplicity and high compliance.Consequently, we intend to carry out a comprehensive meta-analysis and systematic review on the effectiveness and safety of moxibustion for OCCS in order to contribute evidence for clinical trials.
Methods and analysis From conception to December 2023, electronic searches will be conducted without language restrictions in the databases of CBM, VIP, CNKI, Wanfang, PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. The International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO), the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry Center, and Clinical studies will all be searched for continuing experiments.The eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of moxibustion in treating OCCS should be included. The process of selecting studies, extracting data, and evaluating risk bias will be carried out separately by two reviewers. The meta-analysis of the included articles will be carried out via RevMan V.5.3 software. Meanwhile, the evidence's quality will be assessed by the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation application.
Ethics and dissemination Since this is a systematic review and meta-analysis of already published studies that excludes patient information or privacy, ethics approval is not necessary.
Trial registration number INPLASY202220087.
Acetylcysteine synergizes PD-1 blockers against colorectal cancer progression by promoting TCF1+PD1+CD8+T cell differentiation
Authors: Zhou Wenchang , Yue Ying , Zhong Ziwen , Nan Ke , Sun Xingfeng , Wu Qichao , Zhang Jie , Chen Wankun , Miao Changhong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

PD-1 blockade is essential in treating progressive colorectal cancer (CRC). However, some CRC patients do not respond well to immunotherapy, possibly due to the exhaustion of CD8+ T cells in the tumor microenvironment. Acetylcysteine (NAC) can reduce CD8+ T cell exhaustion in vitro and induce their differentiation into long-lasting phenotypes, thus enhancing the anti-tumor effect of adoptive T cell transfer. However, whether NAC can be combined with PD-1 blockade in CRC treatment and how NAC regulates CD8+ T cell differentiation remains unclear. We demonstrated that NAC synergized PD-1 antibodies to inhibit CRC progression in a mouse CRC model mediated by CD8+ T cells. We further found that NAC can induce TCF1+PD1+CD8+ T cell differentiation and reduce the formation of exhausted T cells (Tex) in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, NAC enhanced the expression of Glut4 in CD8+ T cells, promoting the differentiation of TCF1+PD1+CD8+ T cells. Our study provides a novel idea for immunotherapy of clinically progressive CRC and suggests that Glut4 may be a new immunometabolic molecular target for regulating CD8+ T cell differentiation.
Opportunities to narrow potato yield gaps and increase resource use efficiency in West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Pronk Annette , Gunadi Nikardi , Hermelink Marleen I. , Hengsdijk Huib , Jindo Keiji , Silva João Vasco 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Consumer demand for potato in Indonesia increases while production stagnates. Government policy recognized this discrepancy and prioritized efforts to increase potato yields through farmer support programs with moderate effects to date. This study aimed to decompose potato yield gaps and identify agronomic yield constraints in West Java. Actual yield and management practices of 178 farm registrations over five consecutive growing seasons were analyzed with stochastic frontier analysis. The potential yield (Yp) for each registration was simulated with the LINTUL-POTATO-DSS crop model. The overall yield gap was decomposed into its efficiency, resource, and technology components. The potato yield gap was 21.5 t ha -1, corresponding to 54% of Yp. The efficiency and technology yield gaps were both ca. 10 t ha -1, corresponding to 26% of Yp, and the resource yield gap was negligible. All fields received sufficient inputs for potential production but most inputs were used inefficiently. An early first fungicide spray after emergence and frequently spraying to control late blight increased yields significantly. The seed generation planted was critical to potato yield gaps as yield decreased significantly with older generations. Some high yielding fields, however, were also planted with older generations, so other production factors contributed to the yield gap as well. Improving potato yield will require well performed late blight control, the use of high-quality seed, and improved management practices, which include reduced input rates, to reduce current yield gaps sustainably.
The Effects of the Portfolio Low-Carbohydrate Diet versus the Ketogenic Diet on Anthropometric Indices, Metabolic Status, and Hormonal Levels in Overweight or Obese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Sharifi Maryam , Moludi Jalal , Salimi Yahya , Jahan-Mihan Alireza , Saber Amir 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is the most common hormonal disorder in women of reproductive age. It is believed that excessive androgen production is primarily caused by hyperinsulinemia, making it the main factor in the development of PCOS. The portfolio low-carbohydrate diet (PLCD) is a plant-based diet with a carbohydrate content of 40% and incorporates five cholesterol-lowering foods. While, the ketogenic diet is a high-fat diet that 70% of its calories come from fat, promoting a ketosis state. However, to the best of our knowledge, no study compared the therapeutic effects of these two diets in PCOS patients. Thus, this study aimed to compare the impact of PLCD and KD on anthropometric indices, metabolic status, and hormonal levels in overweight or obese women with PCOS.
Methods
This randomized clinical trial was conducted on forty-six overweight or obese women diagnosed with PCOS. Participants were randomly allocated into either the PLCD or the KD group for 8 weeks. The anthropometric indices including body mass index (BMI), fat body mass (FBM), and waist circumference (WC), as well as metabolic markers including fasting blood glucose (FBG), plasma insulin levels, HOMA-IR, and plasma lipid profiles including total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides (TG), and high-density lipoproteins (HDL), were measured. Reproductive hormones including follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and testosterone, as well as Ferriman Gallwey score were assessed at the baseline and after the intervention.
Results
After 8 weeks, both diets demonstrated enhancements in anthropometric, metabolic, and reproductive hormonal status. However, the mean difference in weight reduction, BMI, WC, FBG, HOMA-IR, LH, and FSH was significantly greater in the KD group than in the PLCD group (P < 0.05). Nevertheless, plasma lipid profiles including TC, LDL, and HDL indicated more improvement in the PLCD compared to the KD group. There were no significant changes in the Ferriman-Gallwey score within or between the two groups.
Conclusions
The study findings revealed that both the PLCD and the KD diets were effective in improving PCOS manifestations. However, the KD exhibited greater effectiveness in enhancing body measurements, metabolic factors, and hormone levels compared to the PLCD in women with PCOS.
Registration number of Clinical Trial:
IRCT20200912048693N3, Trial registered 2022–12–14. https://www.irct.ir/trial/67548
Single-cell dissection of multifocal bladder cancer reveals variations between primary and relapsed tumor lesions
Authors: Wang Chenfei , Liu Shenghua , Feng Chenchen , Tan Linyi , Zhang Dengwei , Li Yongxin , Han Ya 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Bladder cancer is characterized by a high rate of post-surgery relapse and multifocality, with multifocal tumors carrying a higher risk of recurrence and mortality. However, understanding inter or intraregional malignant heterogeneity within the tumor microenvironment remains a significant challenge. Here, we employed single-cell RNA sequencing of 121,554 cells to analyze separate tumor lesions from three primary and two relapsed multifocal bladder cancer patients. Our findings revealed that relapsed malignant cells exhibited higher interregional similarity and consistent cellular communication compared to primary tumors. Furthermore, we uncovered that relapsed malignant cells show suppressed cytokine responses and NK cell activity by elevated GATA3 and TGFB1 levels. Additionally, STAT1 enhances the expression of CD74 in relapsed malignant cells and activates PI3K/AKT to promote tumor progression. Notably, we identified IL4I1 and SPP1 double-positive macrophages enriched in relapsed tumors. Functional analyses revealed that IL4I1 could drive tumor progression by promoting aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation. Taken together, our study provides a comprehensive understanding of primary and relapsed multifocal bladder tumors, offering valuable resources for analyzing the relapse mechanism of bladder cancer.
Negative association of C-reactive protein-albumin-lymphocyte index (CALLY index) with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in patients with cancer: results from NHANES 1999-2018
Authors: Zhu Di , Lin Ye-Ding , Yao Yan-Zhu , Qi Xiang-Jun , Qian Kai , Lin Li-Zhu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
The CALLY index, which is derived from C-reactive protein (CRP) content, serum albumin level, and total lymphocyte count, reflects the immune, nutritional, and inflammatory status of the body. Lack of sufficient evidence on the correlation between the CALLY index and the prognosis of cancer patients with various cancer forms. This study seeks to elucidate the association between the CALLY index and mortality from all causes as well as specific causes in cancer patients.
Methods
This investigation encompassed 3511 cancer-afflicted adults from the National Health and Nutritional Examination Surveys (NHANES) spanning 1999 to 2018. The relationship between the CALLY index and mortality from both all causes and cancer specifically was examined using Cox proportional hazards models. Additionally, restricted cubic spline, piecewise linear regression, and various subgroup and sensitivity analyses were employed.
Results
Over a median follow-up of 103 months, 1,355 deaths occurred, and the incidence of all-cause mortality for these participants was 38.34%. Our findings indicate that an elevated CALLY index correlates with a diminished risk of all-cause mortality. Upon applying a natural logarithmic transformation to the CALLY index, the comprehensively adjusted model revealed that each one-unit increment in ln CALLY corresponded to a 16% decrease in all-cause mortality risk among cancer patients. Analyses of mortality due to cardiac and cancer-related causes yielded consistent results, which were robust across various subgroup and sensitivity analyses.
Conclusion
The CALLY index demonstrated a linear and negative association with all-cause mortality, as well as mortality caused by cancer and cardiac conditions, supporting its independent prognostic value in patients with oncological conditions.
Improving the Final Atmospheric Seal of Conserved Archaeological Iron from Marine Sites
Authors: Dostal Christopher 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The conservation of iron artifacts from marine archaeological sites faces the persistent challenge of electrochemical corrosion post-recovery. Traditional conservation methods, such as electrolytic reduction and chemical stabilization, have been very successful in stabilizing these artifacts, but post-treatment, can do little to provide durable long-term protection when exposed to atmospheric conditions. This study investigates the efficacy of a novel conservation treatment that combines microcrystalline wax with a paint overlay, aimed at improving the final atmospheric seal of conserved iron artifacts. Conducted at the Conservation Research Laboratory (CRL) at Texas A&M University, the experiment involved treating two historically significant cannons with this dual-layer method. The cannons were subjected to rigorous environmental conditions to test the durability and protective quality of the treatment. Results indicate that the combined use of microcrystalline wax and paint not only enhances the corrosion resistance of iron artifacts but also maintains aesthetic and structural integrity under variable climatic exposures. This paper discusses the experimental procedures, findings, and the practical implications of this treatment, advocating for its application in both museum settings and outdoor displays. The study contributes a significant advancement to conservation practices, offering a reversible, effective solution that upholds the artifact's historical value while extending its lifespan.
An approach for Parkinson's disease detection based on Artificial Inteligence techniques
Authors: Figueredo Marcos Batista , Monteiro Roberto Luiz Souza , Silva Alexandre do Nascimento , Santos Leandro Brito , Fontoura José Roberto de Araújo , Murari Thiago Barros 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by a lack of dopamine secretion, resulting in motor dysfunction that affects speech production. The literature indicates that PD can be identified by observing changes in speech signals over time. Early detection of PD is essential to slow its progression and enable patients to access disease-modifying therapies. In this context, an adapted Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for this task appears promising. In this paper, we propose a CNN classifier to efficiently detect PD with an accuracy above 95\%. We employed advanced machine learning techniques to identify PD early through voice analysis using the Parkinson’s Disease Voice Recording Data Set, which includes the vocal characteristics of 147 PD patients and 48 healthy individuals. The primary objective is to enhance the diagnostic accuracy of PD using a CNN tailored for this task. The preprocessing steps involved cleaning and normalizing the data, followed by the application of Bayesian hyperparameter optimization to improve model performance. The CNN model achieved an average accuracy of 96.8451\% in PD detection, demonstrating high precision, sensitivity, and a balanced F1 score. This result underscores the model’s effectiveness in identifying individuals with PD and highlights the potential of using a single CNN topology, as opposed to more complex hybrid models, to achieve satisfactory diagnostic rates.To evaluate the performance of the proposed approach, we used simulated data generated from the original dataset. The results indicate that the proposed approach is suitable for the automatic identification of PD in practical scenarios.
AGPAT Family in Cervical Cancer: A Multi-Omics Perspective on Prognosis and Function
Authors: liang Yuexiu , Chen Yuzhen , Qin Hongtao , Wei Wenting , Dong Mingyou , Wang Junli 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma (CESC) are the primary histological subtypes of cervical cancer. The AGPAT gene family has been implicated in disease processes across different cancer types, but its specific role and prognostic relevance in cervical cancer remain unclear. This study emphasizes the AGPAT family as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in cervical cancer due to its significant impact on the disease's development and outcomes. Gene expression data from the AGPAT family and clinical information from 306 CESC cases and 3 control cases were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. These data were analyzed for mRNA expression, prognostic and diagnostic value, clinical correlations, function enrichment, and ESTIMATE score. The study revealed that AGPAT2, AGPAT3, and AGPAT5 mRNA expression was elevated, while AGPAT1 and AGPAT4 expression was reduced in cervical cancer tissues. Particularly, increased levels of AGPAT3 and AGPAT4 expression were associated with a poorer prognosis in cervical cancer patients. Additionally, higher DNA methyl-ation levels of AGPAT3 were observed in CESC tissues compared to normal samples, and specific CpGs within AGPAT3 showed a strong correlation with prognosis. Moreover, AGPAT3 expression was linked to the presence of various tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Experimental evidence demonstrated that inhibiting the AGPAT3 gene led to a significant decrease in the proliferation and migration abilities of the Hela cervical cancer cell line. These results suggest that AGPAT3 could be a valuable biomarker and a promising therapeutic target for predicting the prognosis of individuals with cervical cancer.
Gut microbiota, circulating cytokines and gastro-duodenal ulcer: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Du Tong-Yue , Jin Wen-fang , Chen Hui , Huang Li-Li 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Emerging evidence suggests a correlation between gut microbiota and gastrointestinal disease, however the causality of gut microbiota in gastro-duodenal ulcer and whether cytokines act as mediators have yet to be fully established.
Methods
Large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) were utilized to obtain data on gut microbiota, cytokines, and gastro-duodenal ulcers (including gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer). Bi-directional Mendelian randomisation (MR) was employed to establish causal associations between the gut microbiota and gastro-duodenal ulcers, as well as determine the direction of these causal relationships. Cytokines and gastric-duodenal ulcer disease were analyzed separately as outcome and exposure factors using MR. Finally, we explored the potential mediating role of cytokines in the pathway from the gut microbiota to gastro-duodenal ulcers.
Results
The relationship between genetic liability in the gut microbiota and gastro-duodenal ulcer was characterized by three positive and five negative causal effects. Additionally, there were three positive and two negative causal effects observed between cytokines and gastro-duodenal ulcer. CXCL5 act as mediating factor linkin genus.Enterorhabdus.id.820 to duodenal ulcer.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest the potential causal effects of specific microbial and circulating cytokines on gastro-duodenal ulcer, with CXCL5 potentially serving as a mediating factor between the gut genus Enterorhabdus.id.820 and duodenal ulcer.
Unique region of 16S rRNA gene of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex sequences isolated from pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Surabaya, Indonesia
Authors: Sari Nastiti Intan Permata , Lestari Christina Safira Whinie , Yarimizu Kyoko , Fujiyoshi So , Maruyama Fumito 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Mycobacterium tuberculosis genotype distribution is different depending on the geographic regions, but the data from Surabaya City in East Java, Indonesia, not reported yet. This study aimed tuberculosis patients in the city for the predominant M. tuberculosis genotypes that can be responsible for tuberculosis in the region. Sputum from 121 tuberculosis patients were collected at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital (Surabaya, Indonesia) in two years starting from September 2016. These samples were tested using the previously developed 16S rRNA sequencing method. A high degree of genetic diversity was observed among isolates based on their 16S rRNA sequences. Further, this study can used for good information in molecular epidemiology, especially in Indonesia.
Multi-omics analyses reveal a distinct tumor microenvironment in microvascular invasion positive hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Hu Junwen , Yang Chenglei , Pan Lixin , Li Zhijian , Wang Xi , Tao Yuting , Wang Yaobang , Hu Xiaoyin , Zhao Jingfei , Wang Zhenxing , Wang Qiuyan , Xiang Bangde 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Microvascular invasion (MVI) is a risk factor for the recurrence and poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying MVI-mediated progression of HCC remain unclear. This study aimed to discuss the background of MVI-positive HCC through multiple approaches.
Patients and methods:
The cancer genome atlas (TCGA) database analysis, next-generation sequencing (NGS), time-of-flight mass-cytometry (CyTOF), imaging mass cytometry (IMC) and lipidomics were used to analyze the molecular characteristics of MVI-positive HCC.
Results
Pathway enrichment analysis of TCGA database and NGS showed that the enriched pathways in MVI-positive HCC were significantly involved in the tumor microenvironment (TME) remodeling; moreover, single-sample gene set enrichment (ssGSEA) and xCell analysis indicated that the TME of MVI-positive HCC might be in low immune state. In-depth interrogation of the immune landscapes using CyTOF showed that the ratio of Tregs to CD4 + T cells in MVI-positive HCC was higher than that in MVI-negative HCC. CD4 + T cells, CD8 + T cells, Tregs and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) express higher levels of immune exhaustion-related markers in MVI-positive HCC. IMC further showed that in MVI-positive HCC the distance between T cells and CAFs was significantly shortened, and the expression of PD-L1 in T cells was higher. The lipidomics results showed the cholesterol which may cause T cells to be in immune exhaustion was significantly elevated in MVI-positive HCC.
Conclusion
Through high-dimensional analysis, we found that there was immunosuppression of TME in MVI-positive HCC, which may be the cause of worse prognosis.
The Profiles and The Characteristics of Post-COVID-19 Patients with Hair Loss and its Correlation with Trichoscopic Features, Vitamin D Levels, and Quality of Life
Authors: Legiawati Lili , Suseno Lis Surachmiati , Sitohang Irma Bernadette S , Yusharyahya Shannaz Nadia , Uli Regina Elaine , Gliselda Keneyzia Carla , Iriyanty Septiana , Effendy Isaak 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Hair disorders are often found in patients post-COVID-19 infection, with telogen effluvium (TE) as its most common type. Hair disorders have a major socio-psychological impact on society. Furthermore, vitamin D deficiency may trigger hair loss in post-COVID-19 patients. This study aims to describe the profiles and characteristics of post-COVID-19 patients with hair loss and to assess its association with vitamin D-25-OH levels and quality of life. Our study is an observational cross-sectional study that include 40 subjects aged 19–59 years with hair loss post-COVID-19 infection and have stopped taking anti-androgen or minoxidil for at least one month (from July to August 2022). The Sinclair Hair Shedding Scale was used to measure hair loss severity on hair-washing and non-hair-washing days. Trichoscopic features was also used to portray the clinical picture of hair loss. The serum level of Vitamin D-25-OH was used to determine vitamin D levels. Vitamin D The subjects’ quality of life was assessed using Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) questionnaire. The results show that all subjects observed in this study were clinically diagnosed with TE and 90% being female. Onset and duration of hair loss, hair loss severity, degree of reduced quality of life, and vitamin D levels varied among subjects. There was no association between post-COVID-19 hair loss with vitamin D levels and quality of life. This study indicated an association between the presence of canities and hair loss severity. Further studies are required to confirm the theory.