bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Indication for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and development of hemorrhage: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Parvizian Michael K , Edwards Mitchell V , Bhoey Prem , Zhang Melanie C , Hookey Lawrence C , Rodrigues David M 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Hemorrhage is a common complication associated with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), usually following sphincterotomy. Studies investigating risk factors for hemorrhage including ERCP indication have been conflicting. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to characterize the association between the ERCP indication and hemorrhage.

Methods
Database searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL were conducted to identify articles up to December 12, 2022. Randomized trials or observational studies of adult patients undergoing ERCP were included. Quality assessment using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 and Newcastle-Ottawa Scales for randomized trials and observational studies respectively was conducted. A random effects meta-analysis generating pooled odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals was conducted.

Results
A total of 1323 articles were identified of which 26 were included with up to 25 121 subjects in each meta-analysis. Rates of sphincterotomy (median 96.1%; IQR 60.5–100), biliary stent placement (median 17.2%; IQR 10.6–34.4), antiplatelet use (median 6.0%; IQR 0–10.1), and anticoagulant use (median 1.9%; IQR 0%–3.2%) varied among included studies. No specific indication was associated with hemorrhage in the meta-analyses including cholangitis (OR 1.50; 95% CI 0.97–2.32), choledocholithiasis/biliary stone (OR 1.28; 95% CI 0.95–1.73), malignancy (OR 0.97; 95% CI 0.66–1.42), sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (OR 1.32; 95% CI 0.72–2.40), and acute pancreatitis (OR 0.81; 95% CI 0.44–1.49).

Conclusions
Overall, no indication was significantly associated with increased hemorrhage following ERCP. However, given limitations in the included studies (ie, significant heterogeneity between studies), additional research to better characterize these associations is needed.

Protocol Registration Number
PROSPERO (CRD42021283978).
The development of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on 8 major crops in Japan and its oviposition preference for maize and soybean
Authors: Tanaka Sayumi , Mizutani Nobuo , Murata Mika 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), is a polyphagous pest native to the Americas. It first invaded Japan in July 2019, and the most damaged crop in this region to date has been maize. To determine pest control strategies, the range of crops potentially damaged by S. frugiperda in Japan should be identified. In this study, the effects of 8 major crops in Japan—forage maize Zea mays subsp. mays, sugarcane Saccharum officinarum, forage and edible rice Oryza sativa subsp. japonica, soybean Glycine max, eggplant Solanum melongena, green bell pepper Capsicum annuum var. grossum, sweet potato Ipomoea batatas, and taro Colocasia esculenta—on the development of S. frugiperda were analyzed by feeding leaves of domestic cultivars during larval stage. Spodoptera frugiperda developed from hatching to adulthood and laid eggs in all 7 treatments, except for taro. However, among them, only soybean showed comparable developmental suitability to maize. Therefore, its oviposition preference for maize and soybean was examined using further nonchoice and choice tests. In the nonchoice test, the number of egg masses oviposited for 3 days on soybean plants was significantly less than that on test containers, while that on maize was comparable to that on containers. These findings can explain partly why major damage has been limited to maize in Japan.
Monitoring the crack lengths in composite lap joints under cyclic loading
Authors: Lai Cheng-Che , Chuang Po-Chun , Tsai Jia-Lin 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
Monitoring crack lengths in composites lap joints is crucial for the evaluation of safety and integrity in composite structures. The crack lengths in adhesively bonded single-lap and double-strap joints were characterized by using epoxy adhesive containing aligned graphene. The epoxy adhesive was prepared by adding graphene to epoxy resin and then aligning the graphene through an electrical field. The incorporation of 0.15 wt% aligned graphene can have the epoxy adhesive being electrically conductive. The single-lap and double-strap joints containing the graphene epoxy adhesive were tested under cyclic loading. During the cyclic tests, the crack extension and electrical resistance were measured concurrently. In addition, the electrical resistance model expressed in terms of the crack lengths for the lap joints was proposed in the examination. The results illustrated that the crack length and the electrical resistance increased as the cyclic number increased. Moreover, the experimental resistance variation associated with the increased crack length can be described using the electrical resistance model. Thus, the functionalized epoxy adhesive containing aligned graphene can be employed for effectively detecting the length of cracks in composite lap joints under cyclic loading.
Species asynchrony maintains community stability under different warming conditions
Authors: Jiang Qianxin , Zhu Juntao , Shi Peili , He Yunlong , Zhang Yangjian , Yan Jun , Xie Wendong , Zong Ning , Hou Ge , Shen Ruonan , Zheng Jiahe 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Asymmetric seasonal warming, characterized by more pronounced temperature increases in winter than in summer, has become a critical feature of global warming, especially in cold and high-altitude regions. Previous studies have primarily focused on year-round warming, while comparatively less attention was paid to winter warming. However, a significant knowledge gap exists regarding the impacts of winter warming on ecosystem functions. To address this, we conducted an 8-year manipulated warming experiment in an alpine grassland on the Tibetan Plateau, employing three treatments: no warming, year-round warming and winter warming. We found that neither year-round warming nor winter warming significantly alters species richness at the community level. Notably, community biomass stability was maintained via species asynchrony. However, warming exerted significant effects on the plant abundance groups (dominant, common and rare species). Specifically, winter warming enhanced the stability of dominant species by increasing species asynchrony of dominant species, as the compensatory dynamics occurred between the grass and forbs. In contrast, year-round warming reduced the stability of common species, correlated with an increase in species richness and a decline in asynchrony among common species. Thus, our study underscores the capacity of alpine grassland to maintain community biomass stability via asynchrony dynamics of species under different warming conditions, although the stability of different abundance groups would be changed. Importantly, our results provide valuable insights for understanding the alpine grassland ecosystem on the Tibetan Plateau.
Bariatric surgery discovering unexpected silent gastric cancer: a case report
Authors: Taher Mustafa Mohammed , Abdalqader Mohammed A , Jahanath Subhashini , Nasharuddin Nisa Nabila , Al-Hamdan Yousif Nazar Yousif 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This research paper discusses a case in which stomach cancer was incidentally discovered during a bariatric surgery procedure. Bariatric surgery is well-known for its significant effects on weight loss and overall health enhancement, and its prevalence has been rising globally. While its primary aim is weight reduction, it also offers the chance for surgeons to detect and manage other medical conditions. In this specific case, a patient scheduled for bariatric surgery was incidentally discovered with stomach cancer, underscoring the significance of comprehensive operative assessments and vigilant monitoring during surgery.
Incidental finding of Cowper’s syringocele in traumatic blunt injury: a case report
Authors: Braden Lindsey A , Quibell Katherine , Jones Amber L 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Cowper’s syringocele is a cystic dilation of the bulbourethral duct or gland. This rare pathology has historically been diagnosed in the pediatric population, with recent literature reporting an increased incidence in adults. Attempts have been made to classify Cowper’s syringoceles by their appearance on imaging and endoscopy, however a simpler classification of unobstructed versus obstructed may be of more utility in directing management. Herein, we present a novel case of a Cowper’s syringocele developed in adulthood that supports the suspicion for underdiagnosis, as well as one proposed mechanism of acquired etiology of Cowper’s syringoceles involving incomplete or intermittent obstruction secondary to the application of external force of the leading to asymptomatic cystic dilation.
Frequent Survey Requests and Declining Response Rates: Evidence from the 2020 Census and Household Surveys
Authors: Eggleston Jonathan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
One hypothesis to explain declining survey response rates over time has been that individuals are receiving more and more survey requests. However, there has been little prior investigation of this hypothesis, largely due to difficulty in knowing whether nonrespondents were recently sampled for a different survey. This article investigates the frequent survey request hypothesis by analyzing self-response in the 2020 Census for the United States. Specifically, do households that were sampled in the American Community Survey (ACS) or the Current Population Survey (CPS) from 2015 to 2019 have a lower self-response rate to the 2020 Census? By leveraging two large, nationally representative surveys with monthly data collections, these analyses have statistical power that smaller surveys may not provide. This allows for precise estimates of how the frequent survey effect varies by the time between two data collections, and how the effect varies depending on the similarities between the two data collections. Households recently sampled for the ACS had lower self-response rates to the 2020 Census, with the decrease varying from 1.65 percentage points for households sampled in January 2019 to 15.23 percentage points for households sampled in December 2019. Smaller effect sizes are found for the CPS, which has more dissimilarities to the decennial census than the ACS. In summary, these results provide additional evidence that the proliferation of surveys may lead to lower response rates.
Nitrate transporter protein NPF5.12 and major latex-like protein MLP6 are important defense factors against Verticillium longisporum
Authors: Dölfors Fredrik , Ilbäck Jonas , Bejai Sarosh , Fogelqvist Johan , Dixelius Christina 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Plant defense responses to the soil-borne fungus Verticillium longisporum causing stem stripe disease on oilseed rape (Brassica napus) are poorly understood. In this study, a population of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) using the Arabidopsis accessions Sei-0 and Can-0 was established. Composite interval mapping, transcriptome data, and T-DNA mutant screening identified the NITRATE/PEPTIDE TRANSPORTER FAMILY 5.12 (AtNPF5.12) gene as being associated with disease susceptibility in Can-0. Co-immunoprecipitation revealed interaction between AtNPF5.12 and the MAJOR LATEX PROTEIN family member AtMLP6, and fluorescence microscopy confirmed this interaction in the plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum. CRISPR/Cas9 technology was applied to mutate the NPF5.12 and MLP6 genes in B. napus. Elevated fungal growth in the npf5.12 mlp6 double mutant of both oilseed rape and Arabidopsis demonstrated the importance of these genes in defense against V. longisporum. Colonization of this fungus depends also on available nitrates in the host root. Accordingly, the negative effect of nitrate depletion on fungal growth was less pronounced in Atnpf5.12 plants with impaired nitrate transport. In addition, suberin staining revealed involvement of the NPF5.12 and MLP6 genes in suberin barrier formation. Together, these results demonstrate a dependency on multiple plant factors that leads to successful V. longisporum root infection.
Navigating the legal liminalities of a de facto state: Migrant precarity and placeholder identity papers in Northern Cyprus
Authors: Achiri Emmanuel , Klem Bart 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This article studies the contested legal–political dynamics around forced migration flows to and through an unrecognized state: the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC). We adopt an analytical perspective drawn from the literature on performative politics and the legal anthropology of documents to explore how migration dynamics interact with the contested legal status of the TRNC. Our two main questions are: What practical shape do the human rights of refugees and asylum seekers take in an interstitial legal space, where the foundation of law is itself subject to ambiguity, suspension, and contestation? And what implications—opportunities and hazards—does this constellation have for refugees and asylum-seekers? Drawing on interviews, lived experience and fieldwork observations, we make two arguments. First, we contend that the interstitial status of the TRNC represents both an opportunity for refugees and a threat. Secondly, we argue that a purely legal or technical understanding of legal identity and concurrent rights is inadequate; we must subject these phenomena to a politically informed analysis of the everyday practices through which legal norms and spaces are continuously shaped and reshaped.
The impact of different magnetic braking prescriptions on the evolution of LMXBs
Authors: Echeveste M , Novarino M L , Benvenuto O G , De Vito M A 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
We revisit the evolution of low-mass close binary systems under different magnetic braking (MB) prescriptions. We study binaries with a neutron star accretor. During mass transfer episodes, these systems emit X-rays and are known as Low-mass X-ray Binaries (LMXBs). When mass transfer stops, they can be observed as binary pulsars. Additionally, some of these systems can experience mass transfer while having orbital periods of less than 1 h, thus evolving into ultracompact X-ray binaries (UCXBs). The evolution of LMXBs depends on their capability to lose angular momentum and maintain stable mass transfer. Among the angular momentum loss mechanisms, MB is one important and still uncertain phenomenon. The standard MB prescription faces some problems when calculating LMXB evolution, leading to e.g., a fine-tuning problem in the formation of UCXBs. Recent studies proposed new MB prescriptions, yielding diverse outcomes. Here, we investigate the effects of three novel MB prescriptions on the evolution of LMXBs using our stellar code. We found that all MB prescriptions considered allow the formation of binaries with orbital periods spanning from less than 1 h to more than 10 of days. Remarkably, our results enable the occurrence of wide systems even for the MB law that causes the strongest angular momentum losses and very high mass transfer rates. We found that models computed with the strongest MB prescription reach the UCXB state starting from a wider initial orbital period interval. Finally, we discuss and compare our results with observations and previous studies performed on this topic.
Sea Anemone Membrane Attack Complex/Perforin Superfamily Demonstrates an Evolutionary Transitional State between Venomous and Developmental Functions
Authors: Surm Joachim M , Landau Morani , Columbus-Shenkar Yaara Y , Moran Yehu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Gene duplication is a major force driving evolutionary innovation. A classic example is generating new animal toxins via duplication of physiological protein-encoding genes and recruitment into venom. While this process drives the innovation of many animal venoms, reverse recruitment of toxins into nonvenomous cells remains unresolved. Using comparative genomics, we find members of the Membrane Attack Complex and Perforin Family (MAC) have been recruited into venom-injecting cells (cnidocytes), in soft and stony corals and sea anemones, suggesting that the ancestral MAC was a cnidocyte expressed toxin. Further investigation into the model sea anemone Nematostella vectensis reveals that three members have undergone Nematostella-specific duplications leading to their reverse recruitment into endomesodermal cells. Furthermore, simultaneous knockdown of all three endomesodermally expressed MACs leads to mis-development, supporting that these paralogs have nonvenomous function. By resolving the evolutionary history and function of MACs in Nematostella, we provide the first proof for reverse recruitment from venom to organismal development.
Healthcare spending versus mortality in central nervous system cancer: Has anything changed?
Authors: Guo Eddie , Gupta Mehul , Rossong Heather , Boone Lyndon , Manoranjan Branavan , Ahmed Shubidito , Stukalin Igor , Lama Sanju , Sutherland Garnette R 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe financial implications of central nervous system (CNS) cancers are substantial, not only for the healthcare service and payers, but also for the patients who bear the brunt of direct, indirect, and intangible costs. This study sought to investigate the impact of healthcare spending on CNS cancer survival using recent US data.MethodsThis study used public data from the Disease Expenditure Project 2016 and the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The primary outcome was the annual healthcare spending trend from 1996 and 2016 on CNS tumors adjusted for disease prevalence, alongside morbidity and mortality. Secondary outcomes included drivers of change in healthcare expenditures for CNS cancers. Subgroup analysis was performed stratified by age group, expenditure type, and care type provided.ResultsThere was a significant increase in total healthcare spending on CNS cancers from $2.72 billion (95% CI: $2.47B to $2.97B) in 1996 to $6.85 billion (95% CI: $5.98B to $7.57B) in 2016. Despite the spending increase, the mortality rate per 100 000 people increased, with 5.30 ± 0.47 in 1996 and 7.02 ± 0.47 in 2016, with an average of 5.78 ± 0.47 deaths per 100 000 over the period. The subgroups with the highest expenditure included patients aged 45 to 64, those with private insurance, and those receiving inpatient care.ConclusionsThis study highlights a significant rise in healthcare costs for CNS cancers without corresponding improvements in mortality rate, indicating a mismatch of healthcare spending, contemporary advances, and patient outcomes as it relates to mortality.
Isavuconazole for the Treatment of Fungal Infections: A Real-life Experience From the Fungal Infection Network of Switzerland (FUNGINOS)
Authors: Couchepin Jade , Reinhold Ilana , Kronig Ilona , Guidi Monia , Buclin Thierry , Schreiber Peter W , Neofytos Dionysios , Lamoth Frederic ,   for the Fungal Infection Network of Switzerland (FUNGINOS), Albrich Werner , Berezowska Sabina , Berger Christoph , Bergeron Anne , Bochud Pierre-Yves , Boggian Katia , Conen Anna , Emonet Stéphane , Erard Véronique , Garzoni Christian , Goldenberger Daniel , Hinic Vladimira , Hirzel Cedric , Khanna Nina , Kohns Malte , Kronenberg Andreas , Lamoth Frederic , Landis Basile , Marchetti Oscar , Mühlethaler Konrad , Müller Linda , Neofytos Dionysios , Osthoff Michael , Pagani Jean-Luc , Quiblier Chantal , Reinhold Ilana , Riat Arnaud , Rupp Niels , Sanglard Dominique , Schreiber Peter Werner , Siegemund Martin , Walti Laura 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This analysis of 116 isavuconazole therapy courses shows that hepatic test disturbances (HTDs) were relatively frequent (29% of cases) but rarely led to treatment interruption (5%). Importantly, patients with baseline HTDs, including those attributed to a first-line triazole, did not exhibit a higher risk of subsequent HTD under isavuconazole therapy.
One-Year Frailty Transitions Among Persons With HIV Aged 70 Years or Older on Antiretroviral Treatment
Authors: Achour Jannett , Abulizi Diane , Makinson Alain , Arvieux Cédric , Bonnet Fabrice , Goujard Cécile , Lambert Oriane , Slama Laurence , Blain Hubert , Meyer Laurence , Allavena Clotilde ,   for the SEPTAVIH Study Group, Goujard C , Abgrall S , Weiss L , Katlama C , Molina J-M , Cabié A , Bonnet F , Neau D , Makinson A , Allavena C , Rio V , Arvieux C , Rey D , Delobel P , Leclercq P , Slama L 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
People with HIV (PWH) are aging. Frailty is an age-related condition predictive of hospitalization and mortality. Here, we assessed the frequency and factors associated with frailty transitions at 1-year follow-up in elderly PWH.

Methods
Five hundred eight PWH aged 70 years or older who were on antiretroviral treatment were included in the French multicenter SEPTAVIH study in 2019–2020. Participants were classified as robust, prefrail, or frail according to Fried frailty phenotype at baseline and at 1 year. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate socioeconomic and medical factors associated with transition between frailty states. Models were adjusted for gender, age at baseline, education, and period of HIV diagnosis (before vs after 1996).

Results
Seventeen PWH died during the 1-year follow-up. Of the remaining 491 PWH (median age, 73 years), frailty status worsened for 18% of participants and improved for 14% at 1 year. Advanced age, baseline CD4+ T-cell count &lt;350 cells/mm3, and type 2 diabetes were associated with transition from prefrailty to frailty (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.10 per 1-year positive difference; 95% CI, 1.01–1.20; aOR, 3.05; 95% CI, 1.14–8.18; and aOR, 2.63; 95% CI, 1.05–6.57; respectively). Being female was associated with more frequent improvement from prefrailty to robustness (aOR, 2.50; 95% CI, 1.09–5.55).

Conclusions
Preventing frailty in elderly PWH is a long-term problem, beginning with the early diagnosis of HIV infection and the management of comorbidities.
Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction Is Present Among Well-Treated Asymptomatic Persons With HIV and Similar to Those With Diabetes
Authors: Srinivasa Suman , Walpert Allie R , Huck Daniel , Thomas Teressa S , Dunderdale Carolyn N , Lee Hang , Dicarli Marcelo F , Adler Gail K , Grinspoon Steven K 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) could be a potential underlying mechanism for myocardial disease in HIV.

Methods
Comparisons of coronary flow reserve corrected for heart rate-blood pressure product (CFRCOR) were made among people with HIV (PWH) with no known history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) or diabetes mellitus, persons without HIV (PWOH), and persons with diabetes (PWDM) and no known history of CVD or HIV.

Results
PWH (n = 39, 74% male, age 55 [7] years, body mass index [BMI] 32.3 (26.8-34.9) kg/m2, duration of antiretroviral therapy 13 [5] years, CD4+ count 754 [598-961] cells/μL) were similar to PWOH (n = 69, 74% male, age 55 [8] years, BMI 32.2[25.6-36.5] kg/m2) and PWDM (n = 63, 63% male, age 55 [8] years, BMI 31.5 [28.6-35.6] kg/m2). CFRCOR was different among groups: PWOH 2.76 (2.37-3.36), PWH 2.47 (1.92-2.93), and PWDM 2.31 (1.98-2.84); overall P = .003. CFRCOR was reduced comparing PWH to PWOH (P = .04) and PWDM to PWOH (P = .007) but did not differ when comparing PWH to PWDM (P = .98). A total 31% of PWH had CFRCOR &lt; 2.0, a critical cutoff for CMD, compared to 14% of PWOH and 27% with PWDM. A total 40% of women with HIV had a CFRCOR &lt; 2.0 compared to 6% of women without HIV (P = .02).

Conclusions
Subclinical CMD is present among chronically infected and well-treated, asymptomatic PWH who are immunologically controlled. This study demonstrates CFR is reduced in PWH compared to PWOH and comparable to PWDM, further highlighting that well-treated HIV infection is a CVD-risk enhancing factor for CMD similar to diabetes.
Clinical Trials Registration: NCT02740179