bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shape Analysis Using the Auto Diffusion Function
Authors: Gȩbal K. , Bærentzen J. A. , Aanæs H. , Larsen R. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractScalar functions defined on manifold triangle meshes is a starting point for many geometry processing algorithms such as mesh parametrization, skeletonization, and segmentation. In this paper, we propose the Auto Diffusion Function (ADF) which is a linear combination of the eigenfunctions of the Laplace‐Beltrami operator in a way that has a simple physical interpretation. The ADF of a given 3D object has a number of further desirable properties: Its extrema are generally at the tips of features of a given object, its gradients and level sets follow or encircle features, respectively, it is controlled by a single parameter which can be interpreted as feature scale, and, finally, the ADF is invariant to rigid and isometric deformations.We describe the ADF and its properties in detail and compare it to other choices of scalar functions on manifolds. As an example of an application, we present a pose invariant, hierarchical skeletonization and segmentation algorithm which makes direct use of the ADF.
Multi‐objective shape segmentation and labeling
Authors: Simari P. , Nowrouzezahrai D. , Kalogerakis E. , Singh K. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractShape segmentations designed for different applications show significant variation in the composition of their parts. In this paper, we introduce the segmentation and labeling of shape based on the simultaneous optimization of multiple heterogenous objectives that capture application‐specific segmentation criteria. We present a number of efficient objective functions that capture useful shape adjectives (compact, flat, narrow, perpendicular, etc.) Segmentation descriptions within our framework combine multiple such objective functions with optional labels to define each part. The optimization problem is simplified by proposing weighted Voronoi partitioning as a compact and continuous parametrization of spatially embedded shape segmentations. Separation of spatially close but geodesically distant parts is made possible using multi‐dimensional scaling prior to Voronoi partitioning. Optimization begins with an initial segmentation found using the centroids of a k‐means clustering of surface elements. This partition is automatically labeled to optimize heterogeneous part objectives and the Voronoi centers and their weights optimized using Generalized Pattern Search. We illustrate our framework using several diverse segmentation applications: consistent segmentations with semantic labels, bounding volume hierarchies for path tracing, and automatic rig and clothing transfer between animation characters.
Semi‐regular Quadrilateral‐only Remeshing from Simplified Base Domains
Authors: Daniels Joel , Silva Claudio T. , Cohen Elaine 
Published: August 2009

AbstractSemi‐regular meshes describe surface models that exhibit a structural regularity that facilitates many geometric processing algorithms. We introduce a technique to construct semi‐regular, quad‐only meshes from input surface meshes of arbitrary polygonal type and genus. The algorithm generates a quad‐only model through subdivision of the input polygons, then simplifies to a base domain that is homeomorphic to the original mesh. During the simplification, a novel hierarchical mapping method,keyframe mapping, stores specific levels‐of‐detail to guide the mapping of the original vertices to the base domain. The algorithm implements a scheme for refinement with adaptive resampling of the base domain and backward projects to the original surface. As a byproduct of the remeshing scheme, a surface parameterization is associated with the remesh vertices to facilitate subsequent geometric processing, i.e. texture mapping, subdivision surfaces and spline‐based modeling.
Isotropic Remeshing with Fast and Exact Computation of Restricted Voronoi Diagram
Authors: Yan Dong‐Ming , Lévy Bruno , Liu Yang , Sun Feng , Wang Wenping 
Published: August 2009

AbstractWe propose a new isotropic remeshing method, based onCentroidal Voronoi Tessellation (CVT). Constructing CVT requires to repeatedly computeRestricted Voronoi Diagram (RVD), defined as the intersection between a 3D Voronoi diagram and an input mesh surface. Existing methods use some approximations of RVD. In this paper, we introduce an efficient algorithm that computes RVD exactly and robustly. As a consequence, we achieve better remeshing quality than approximation‐based approaches, without sacrificing efficiency. Our method for RVD computation uses a simple procedure and akd‐tree to quickly identify and compute the intersection of each triangle face with its incident Voronoi cells. Its time complexity isO(mlogn), wherenis the number of seed points andmis the number of triangles of the input mesh. Fast convergence of CVT is achieved using a quasi‐Newton method, which proved much faster than Lloyd's iteration. Examples are presented to demonstrate the better quality of remeshing results with our method than with the state‐of‐art approaches.
Feature preserving Delaunay mesh generation from 3D multi‐material images
Authors: Boltcheva Dobrina , Yvinec Mariette , Boissonnat Jean‐Daniel 
Published: August 2009

AbstractGenerating realistic geometric models from 3D segmented images is an important task in many biomedical applications. Segmented 3D images impose particular challenges for meshing algorithms because they contain multi‐material junctions forming features such as surface patches, edges and corners. The resulting meshes should preserve these features to ensure the visual quality and the mechanical soundness of the models. We present a feature preserving Delaunay refinement algorithm which can be used to generate high‐quality tetrahedral meshes from segmented images. The idea is to explicitly sample corners and edges from the input image and to constrain the Delaunay refinement algorithm to preserve these features in addition to the surface patches. Our experimental results on segmented medical images have shown that, within a few seconds, the algorithm outputs a tetrahedral mesh in which each material is represented as a consistent submesh without gaps and overlaps. The optimization property of the Delaunay triangulation makes these meshes suitable for the purpose of realistic visualization or finite element simulations.
Filtering Relocations on a Delaunay Triangulation
Authors: Manhães de Castro Pedro Machado , Tournois Jane , Alliez Pierre , Devillers Olivier 
Published: August 2009

AbstractUpdating a Delaunay triangulation when its vertices move is a bottleneck in several domains of application. Rebuilding the whole triangulation from scratch is surprisingly a very viable option compared to relocating the vertices. This can be explained by several recent advances in efficient construction of Delaunay triangulations. However, when all points move with a small magnitude, or when only a fraction of the vertices move, rebuilding is no longer the best option. This paper considers the problem of efficiently updating a Delaunay triangulation when its vertices are moving under small perturbations. The main contribution is a set of filters based upon the concept of vertex tolerances. Experiments show that filtering relocations is faster than rebuilding the whole triangulation from scratch under certain conditions.
Estimating the Laplace‐Beltrami Operator by Restricting 3D Functions
Authors: Chuang Ming , Luo Linjie , Brown Benedict J. , Rusinkiewicz Szymon , Kazhdan Michael 
Published: August 2009

AbstractWe present a novel approach for computing and solving the Poisson equation over the surface of a mesh. As in previous approaches, we define the Laplace‐Beltrami operator by considering the derivatives of functions defined on the mesh. However, in this work, we explore a choice of functions that is decoupled from the tessellation. Specifically, we use basis functions (second‐order tensor‐product B‐splines) defined over 3D space, and then restrict them to the surface. We show that in addition to being invariant to mesh topology, this definition of the Laplace‐Beltrami operator allows a natural multiresolution structure on the function space that is independent of the mesh structure, enabling the use of a simple multigrid implementation for solving the Poisson equation.
Stability of Curvature Measures
Authors: Chazal F. , Cohen‐Steiner D. , Lieutier A. , Thibert B. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractWe address the problem of curvature estimation from sampled compact sets. The main contribution is a stability result: we show that the Gaussian, mean or anisotropic curvature measures of the offset of a compact set K with positive μ‐reach can be estimated by the same curvature measures of the offset of a compact set K' close to K in the Hausdorff sense. We show how these curvature measures can be computed for finite unions of balls. The curvature measures of the offset of a compact set with positive μ‐reach can thus be approximated by the curvature measures of the offset of a point‐cloud sample.
Discrete Critical Values: a General Framework for Silhouettes Computation
Authors: Chazal F. , Lieutier A. , Montana N. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractMany shapes resulting from important geometric operations in industrial applications such as Minkowski sums or volume swept by a moving object can be seen as the projection of higher dimensional objects. When such a higher dimensional object is a smooth manifold, the boundary of the projected shape can be computed from the critical points of the projection. In this paper, using the notion of polyhedral chains introduced by Whitney, we introduce a new general framework to define an analogous of the set of critical points of piecewise linear maps defined over discrete objects that can be easily computed. We illustrate our results by showing how they can be used to compute Minkowski sums of polyhedra and volumes swept by moving polyhedra.
Separatrix Persistence: Extraction of Salient Edges on Surfaces Using Topological Methods
Authors: Weinkauf T. , Günther D. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractSalient edges are perceptually prominent features of a surface. Most previous extraction schemes utilize the notion of ridges and valleys for their detection, thereby requiring curvature derivatives which are rather sensitive to noise. We introduce a novel method for salient edge extraction which does not depend on curvature derivatives. It is based on a topological analysis of the principal curvatures and salient edges of the surface are identified as parts of separatrices of the topological skeleton. Previous topological approaches obtain results including non‐salient edges due to inherent properties of the underlying algorithms. We extend the profound theory by introducing the novel concept ofseparatrix persistence, which is a smooth measure along a separatrix and allows to keep its most salient parts only. We compare our results with other methods for salient edge extraction.
The Character of Theological Interpretation of Scripture
Authors: BOWALD MARK ALAN 
Published: August 2009

AbstractRecent proposals for reading Scripture have increasingly focused on the role of divine agency. Greater attentiveness to the complexity and place of divine agency results in an irruption in the relationship between theological hermeneutics and theological interpretation and a challenge to the dominant way of perceiving their relationship since the rise of modernity. Thus it is increasingly recognized that Scripture is not read like other books. The unique character of theological interpretation necessarily originates in the unique character of the God who speaks the Word of the holy canon of Scripture: the Trinity. Our methodological formulations and hermeneutical understandings of theological interpretation must go beyond the formal acknowledgement of divine causality that remains in these recent proposals to thick confessional and dogmatic reflections on the character of the Trinity and the practices of reading which faithfully reflect that character.
Impacts of health and environmental consciousness on young female consumers' attitude towards and purchase of natural beauty products
Authors: Kim Soyoung , Seock Yoo‐Kyoung 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThis study investigated young female consumers' beauty product shopping behavioural patterns, their perceived importance of product attributes, and their attitude towards and purchase of natural beauty products. This study also examines whether consumers' product attitudes and shopping behaviours are influenced by their health and environmental consciousness. Data were collected from a convenience sample of 210 female college students enrolled at a south‐eastern university in the US. In order to examine the impacts of both health and environmental consciousness on other selected variables, the respondents were divided into four groups based on their scores on the two variables, and a series of analysis of variance were conducted to compare characteristics of the four groups. The results showed that health and environmental consciousness significantly influenced the importance placed on beauty product attributes. Additionally, those with a high level of both health and environmental consciousness were significantly more positive in their evaluations than those with low scores on both variables in their perceptions of natural beauty products. Those with low scores on both variables were significantly less willing than the other groups to pay more for natural beauty products. Analysis of variance results also indicated that the two groups with a high level of environmental consciousness purchased natural beauty products more frequently than those with a low level of health and environmental consciousness, indicating a relatively stronger impact of environmental consciousness than health consciousness on frequency of natural beauty product purchases. Health and environmental consciousness were both significantly related to a respondent's perceived level of knowledge of beauty products and ability to distinguish natural from conventional beauty products.
‘Sustainable transport choices’ in consumer shopping: a review of the UK evidence
Authors: Guy Cliff 
Published: August 2009

AbstractIn the UK, as elsewhere in Europe, government policy aims to reduce the use of private cars for consumer shopping trips. One major instrument of policy aims to ensure that new retail development is located in places accessible by all transport modes. This paper reviews the effectiveness of this and other such policies through analysis of survey evidence relating to routine shopping behaviour in the UK. It appears that these policies are likely to have little impact upon shopping travel, given the advantages to the consumer of private car use. However, demographic trends and increasing use of the Internet for food shopping are likely to stabilize or even reduce the use of private cars in the future.
Construction of consumer choice in the market: challenges for environmental policy
Authors: Moisander Johanna , Markkula Annu , Eräranta Kirsi 
Published: August 2009

AbstractDrawing from the literature on the analytics of government, the paper discusses marketing as a form of government, elaborating and illustrating the many ways in which consumer choice is shaped, modified and directed in the market through practices and techniques of consumer marketing. The aim is to critically reflect upon and render problematic the individualistic ideas of the green consumer as a powerful market force and to provoke discussion on the conceptualization – and construction – of consumer subjectivity and social problems in marketing. Taking examples particularly from the fashion and clothing industry, the paper discusses the ways in which marketing activities come to shape consumer conduct by operating through the choice of individuals who freely pursue their needs and desires, and by working on the environment within which this freedom of choice is exercised. The paper contributes to the literature on green consumerism by systematically interrogating and elaborating on the modes and practices of marketing thought and expertise through which consumers and consumption are rendered intelligible and actionable in the market.
Coagulation factor Xa activates thrombin in ischemic neural tissue
Authors: Thevenet Jonathan , Angelillo‐Scherrer Anne , Price Melanie , Hirt Lorenz 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThrombin is involved in mediating neuronal death in cerebral ischemia. We investigated its so far unknown mode of activation in ischemic neural tissue. We used an in vitro approach to distinguish the role of circulating coagulation factors from endogenous cerebral mechanisms. We modeled ischemic stroke by subjecting rat organotypic hippocampal slice cultures to 30‐min oxygen (5%) and glucose (1 mmol/L) deprivation (OGD). Perinuclear activated factor X (FXa) immunoreactivity was observed in CA1 neurons after OGD. Selective FXa inhibition by fondaparinux during and after OGD significantly reduced neuronal death in the CA1 after 48 h. Thrombin enzyme activity was increased in the medium 24 h after OGD and this increase was prevented by fondaparinux suggesting that FXa catalyzes the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin in neural tissue after ischemia in vitro. Treatment with SCH79797, a selective antagonist of the thrombin receptor protease‐activated receptor‐1 (PAR‐1), significantly decreased neuronal cell death indicating that thrombin signals ischemic damage via PAR‐1. The c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) pathway plays an important role in excitotoxicity and cerebral ischemia and we observed activation of the JNK substrate, c‐Jun in our model. Both the FXa inhibitor, fondaparinux and the PAR‐1 antagonist SCH79797, decreased the level of phospho‐c‐Jun Ser73. These results indicate that FXa activates thrombin in cerebral ischemia, which leads via PAR‐1 to the activation of the JNK pathway resulting in neuronal death.
Cerebral microvascular IL15 is a novel mediator of TNF action
Authors: Pan Weihong , Yu Chuanhui , Hsuchou Hung , Khan Reas S. , Kastin Abba J. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe blood‐brain barrier is a gatekeeper and modulatory interface for the CNS. Cerebral endothelial cells are the major component of the blood‐brain barrier, and they modify inflammatory signals from the circulation to the CNS by production and secretion of secondary substances. The inflammatory mediators induced by tumor necrosis factor α (TNF) were determined by microarray analysis of RBE4 cerebral endothelial cells, at 0, 6, 12, or 24 h after TNF treatment. Interleukin (IL)‐15 and its receptors were among the most robustly up‐regulated genes. This was confirmed by real‐time RT‐PCR and western blotting. The three subunits of the IL15 receptor complex (IL15Rα, IL2Rβ, and IL2Rγ) showed differential regulation by TNF in their time course and amplitude of increased expression. Consistent with increased expression of the specific high affinity receptor IL15Rα, TNF increased cellular uptake of125I‐IL15 and enhanced the fluorescent intensity of Alexa568‐IL15 in RBE4 cells. TNF treatment in mice also increased the level of expression of IL15 receptors in enriched cerebral microvessels. We conclude that the cerebral microvascular IL15 system is a novel inflammatory mediator that transduces the actions of TNF.
Effect of two oral doses of 17β‐estradiol associated with dydrogesterone on thrombin generation in healthy menopausal women: a randomized double‐blind placebo‐controlled study
Authors: Rousseau Alexandra , Robert Annie , Gerotziafas Grigoris , Torchin Dahlia , Zannad Faiez , Lacut Karine , Libersa Christian , Dasque Eric , Démolis Jean‐Louis , Elalamy Ismail , Simon Tabassome 
Published: August 2009

AbstractOral hormone therapy is associated with an increased risk of venous thrombosis. Drug agencies recommend the use of the lowest efficient dose to treat menopausal symptoms for a better risk/ratio profile, although this profile has not been totally investigated yet. The aim of the study was to compare the effect of the standard dose of 17β‐estradiol to a lower one on thrombin generation (TG).In a 2‐month study, healthy menopausal women were randomized to receive daily 1mg or 2 mg of 17β‐estradiol (E1, n = 24 and E2, n = 26; respectively) with 10 mg dydrogesterone or placebo (PL, n = 22). Plasma levels factors VII, X, VIII and II were assessed before and after treatment as well as Tissue factor triggered TG, which allows the investigation of the different phases of coagulation process.The peak of thrombin was higher in hormone therapy groups (E1: 42.39 ± 50.23 nm, E2: 31.08 ± 85.86 nm vs. 10.52 ± 40.63 nm in PL, P = 0.002 and P = 0.01). Time to reach the peak was also shortened (PL: 0.26 ± 0.69 min vs. E1: –0.26 ± 0.80 min, E2: –0.55 ± 0.79 min, P <10−3 for both comparisons) and mean rate index of the propagation phase of TG was significantly increased. Among the studied clotting factors, only the levels of FVII were significantly increased after treatment administration.The two doses of 17β‐estradiol induced in a similar degree an acceleration of the initiation and propagation phase of tissue factor triggered thrombin generation and a significant increase of FVII coagulant activity.
Gender differences in the treatment of chronic ischemic heart disease: prognostic implications
Authors: Ciambrone Graciana , Kaski Juan Carlos 
Published: August 2009

AbstractDespite the relatively high prevalence of coronary artery disease in women, there are little data on the investigation and treatment of ischemic heart disease in this population. In the last couple of decades authors have addressed health problems in minorities, including women. The great majority of these studies included the acute coronary syndrome population but most recent ones have focused on the management of stable angina from a gender perspective. Many of those studies showed that there are inequities between genders regarding the care of patients with ischemic heart disease. Although little is known about the prognostic implications of such differences, studies have shown that suboptimal treatment in women leads to poor clinical outcomes. Gender‐specific and both epidemiological and pathophysiological data are needed.