bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bipolar transurethral resection in saline vs traditional monopolar resection of the prostate: results of a randomized trial with a 2‐year follow‐up
Authors: Chen Qi , Zhang Li , Fan Qi‐Liang , Zhou Juan , Peng Yu‐Bing , Wang Zhong 
Published: May 2010

Study Type – Therapy (RCT) Level of Evidence 1bOBJECTIVETo present 2‐year follow‐up data of a randomized clinical trial comparing bipolar transurethral resection in saline (TURIS) with monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP).PATIENTS AND METHODSIn all, 100 consecutive patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) were randomized to TURIS or TURP. The breath ethanol test was used before and every 10 min during surgery to assess fluid absorption. Complications and treatment efficacy were evaluated after surgery.RESULTSThe operative duration and resected tissue weight were similar between the groups. The mean decreases in serum sodium and haemoglobin after surgery were significantly less in the TURIS group. The mean (standard deviation) irrigant absorbed was significantly less in TURIS than in the TURP group, at 208 (344)mL vs 512 (706) mL respectively (P < 0.001). In both the TURIS and TURP groups there were significant improvements in International Prostate Symptoms Scores and maximum urinary flow rates. The acute and late complications in the groups were statistically similar.CONCLUSIONBipolar TURIS seems to be a safe and effective procedure, which is associated with significantly less fluid absorption and similar efficacy as traditional monopolar TURP.
Vocational Education for Sustainable Development: an obligation for the European Training Foundation
Authors: VIERTEL EVELYN 
Published: May 2010

This article presents an argued case for making sustainable development a policy obligation for the European Training Foundation (ETF) and for vocational education and training (VET) reform in the partner countries that are served by ETF. In relation to ETF it points out that no major emphasis has been put to date on combining economic, social and environmental considerations. It then analyses the ways economies operate in relation to sustainable development and the changed knowledge and skills needed for both economies and for a sustainable future. Implications for VET reform include attending to the broad goals of inclusion and equity, a reconsideration of the competences to be developed and the didactic approaches within a framework of lifelong learning. The didactics proposed are in line with current thinking related to constructivist pedagogy, an inter‐disciplinary approach to ‘real life’ problems and increasing the porosity of school boundaries to the community. The scope of VET's mission should extend well beyond the confines of preparing young people for narrow labour market skills.The article is of particular significance for re‐directing the focus of ETF and VET reform policy but will be of interest to a much wider audience, as it provides a synthesis of future‐oriented ideas and options relating to education's obligations to face the urgent need to ensure sustainability.
Subitizing and counting in typical and atypical development
Authors: Schleifer Patrick , Landerl Karin 
Published: May 2010

AbstractEnumeration performance in standard dot counting paradigms was investigated for different age groups with typical and atypically poor development of arithmetic skills. Experiment 1 showed a high correspondence between response times and saccadic frequencies for four age groups with typical development. Age differences were more marked for the counting than the subitizing range. In Experiment 2 we found a discontinuity between subitizing and counting for dyscalculic children; however, their subitizing slopes were steeper than those of typically developing control groups, indicating a dysfunctional subitizing mechanism. Across both experiments a number of factors could be identified that affect enumeration in the subitizing and the counting range differentially. These differential patterns further support the assumption of two qualitatively different enumeration processes.
Does Centralization Affect the Number and Size of Lobbies?
Authors: REDOANO MICHELA 
Published: May 2010

AbstractPrevious research has shown that the effect of fiscal centralization is to reduce lobbying. However empirical evidence suggests that this is not always the case. This paper attempts to explain the empirical evidence in a two‐jurisdiction political economy model of endogenous lobby formation and policy determination. We measure lobbying in two ways: (i) the number of lobbies formed under the two settings and (ii) their impact on policy decisions. We show that, contrary to the predictions of the preference dilution effect, the effect of centralization on lobbying are ambiguous with respect to both measures of lobbies.
Asymmetric Information and Annuities
Authors: PLATONI SILVIA 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe standard Rothschild and Stiglitz (1976) and Wilson (1977) analysis of adverse selection economies is extended to a particular model of annuity market which features both elements of moral hazard and adverse selection. Individuals are heterogeneous with respect to time preferences and they make investments in health care that affect their survival probabilities. The main case considered is that where both preferences and investments (and hence the endogenous survival probabilities) are unobserved. Thus, the model captures a further source of inefficiency that is particular to annuity market: an endogenous correlation between the desire for annuities and the survival probabilities. The basic insights of Wilson (1977)—as worked out by Eckstein, Eichenbaum and Peled (1985)—are worth also in this new setting. When the equilibrium is separating, the government intervention may yield Pareto improvements. If the equilibrium is pooling, the government intervention may improve the well‐being of individuals affected by the inefficiencies and the negative externalities caused by the asymmetric information.
Social Welfare Analysis in a Financial Economy with Risk Regulation
Authors: VICENTE JOSÉ , ARAÚJO ALOÍSIO 
Published: May 2010

AbstractIn the last years, regulating agencies of many countries in the world have adopted VaR‐based risk regulation to control market risk of financial institutions. This paper investigates the consequences of such kind of regulation to social welfare and soundness of financial institutions through an equilibrium model. We show that the optimum level of regulation for each financial institution (the level that maximizes its utility) depends on its appetite for risk and that some of them can perform better in a regulated economy. In addition, another important result asserts that under certain market conditions the financial fragility of an institution can be greater in a regulated economy than in an unregulated one.
Marriage Matching and Intercorrelation of Preferences
Authors: BOUDREAU JAMES W. , KNOBLAUCH VICKI 
Published: May 2010

AbstractMen's and women's preferences are intercorrelated to the extent that men rank highly those women who rank them highly. Intercorrelation plays an important but overlooked role in determining outcomes of matching mechanisms. We employ simulation techniques to quantify the effects of intercorrelated preferences on men's and women's aggregate satisfaction with the outcome of the Gale–Shapley matching mechanism. Our results show that even a small amount of positive intercorrelation in a matching market means increased satisfaction for women and dramatically decreased potential for strategic manipulation. Negative intercorrelation has the opposite effects. Thus, matching markets characterized by positive intercorrelation are well suited for matching via Gale–Shapley, while markets characterized by negative intercorrelation may face opposition from the nonproposing side of the market. So that our results are immediately applicable, we also define and employ a general measure of intercorrelation that can be used for any matching market.
FROM IDEAS TO CONCEPTS TO METAPHORS: THE GERMAN TRADITION OF INTELLECTUAL HISTORY AND THE COMPLEX FABRIC OF LANGUAGE
Authors: PALTI ELÍAS JOSÉ 
Published: May 2010

ABSTRACTRecently, the diffusion of the so‐called “new intellectual history” led to the dismissal of the old school of the “history of ideas” on the basis of its ahistorical nature (the view of ideas as eternal entities). This formulation is actually misleading, missing the core of the transformation produced in the field. It is not true that the history of ideas simply ignored the fact that the meaning of ideas changes over time. The issue at stake here is really not how ideas changed (the mere description of the semantic transformation they underwent historically), but rather why they do. The study of the German tradition of intellectual history serves in this essay as a basis to illustrate the meaning and significance of the recent turn from ideas as its object. In the process of trying to account for the source of contingency of conceptual formations, it will open our horizon to the complex nature of the ways by which we invest the world with meaning. That is, it will disclose the presence of different layers of symbolic reality lying beneath the surface level of “ideas,” and analyze their differential nature and functions. It will also show the reasons for the ultimate failure of the “history of ideas” approach, why discourses can never achieve their vocation to constitute themselves as self‐enclosed, rationally integrated systems, thereby expelling contingency from their realm. In sum, it will show why historicity is not merely something that comes to intellectual history from without (as a by‐product of social history or as the result of the action of an external agent), as the history of ideas assumed, but is a constitutive dimension of it.
THE HISTORY OF EMOTIONS: AN INTERVIEW WITH WILLIAM REDDY, BARBARA ROSENWEIN, AND PETER STEARNS
Authors: PLAMPER JAN 
Published: May 2010

ABSTRACTThe history of emotions is a burgeoning field—so much so, that some are invoking an “emotional turn.” As a way of charting this development, I have interviewed three of the leading practitioners of the history of emotions: William Reddy, Barbara Rosenwein, and Peter Stearns. The interviews retrace each historian's intellectual‐biographical path to the history of emotions, recapitulate key concepts, and critically discuss the limitations of the available analytical tools. In doing so, they touch on Reddy's concepts of “emotive,”“emotional regime,” and “emotional navigation,” as well as on Rosenwein's “emotional community” and on Stearns's “emotionology” and offer glimpses of each historian's ongoing research. The interviews address the challenges presented to historians by research in the neurosciences and the like, highlighting the distinctive contributions offered by a historical approach. In closing, the interviewees appear to reach a consensus, envisioning the history of emotions not as a specialized field but as a means of integrating the category of emotion into social, cultural, and political history, emulating the rise of gender as an analytical category since its early beginnings as “women's history” in the 1970s.
Fluids associated with hydrothermal dolomitization in St. George Group, western Newfoundland, Canada
Authors: CONLIFFE J. , AZMY K. , GLEESON S. A. , LAVOIE D. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractDolomite reservoirs are increasingly recognized as an important petroleum exploration target, although the application of a hydrothermal dolomite exploration model to these reservoirs remains controversial. The St. George Group of western Newfoundland consists of a sequence of dolomitised carbonates, with significant porosity development (up to 30%) and petroleum accumulations. Fluid inclusion microthermometry and bulk fluid leach analyses indicated that fluids responsible for matrix dolomitization (associated with intercrystalline porosity) and later saddle dolomitization are CaCl2 ± MgCl2 rich, high salinity (up to 26 eq. wt% NaCl) brines. Integration of fluid inclusion data with thermal maturation histories from the St. George Group show that these dolomites formed at temperatures higher than the ambient rock temperature, and are therefore hydrothermal in origin. Bulk leach analyses show that dolomitization is associated with influxes of postevaporitic brines (±Cl enriched magmatic fluids) late in the diagenetic history of these carbonates. This dolomitization is possibly Devonian in age, during a period of significant magmatic activity, extensional tectonics and development of hypersaline basins. Petrographic and geochemical similarities between Paleozoic hosted hydrothermal dolomitization in western Newfoundland, eastern Canada and the northeastern United States are consistent with a regional‐scale hydrothermal dolomitization event late in the diagenetic history of these carbonates. Geofluids (2010) 10, 422–437
The differences between the localizations of MUC1, MUC5AC, MUC6 and osteopontin in quail proventriculus and gizzard may be a reflection of functional differences of stomach parts
Authors: Liman Narin , Alan Emel , Küçük Bayram Güner 
Published: May 2010

AbstractMucins are high molecular weight glycoproteins which constitute the major component of the mucus layer and are produce by many epithelial tissues in vertebrates. Osteopontin (OPN) is an adhesive phosphorylated glycoprotein that is expressed by a broad range of tissues and cells. Although gastric mucins MUC1, MUC5AC, MUC6 and OPN have been widely used in histological studies and in diagnostic pathology in order to diagnose gastric carcinomas, their localizations in the stomach of quail have not yet been studied. In this study, the localizations of MUC1, MUC5AC, MUC6 and OPN in the proventriculus and gizzard of Japanese quail during the post‐hatching period were compared at light microscope levels by applying immunohistochemical methods. In all ages studied, the immunoreactivity of MUC5AC was present in the lining epithelium of both folds and superficial proventricular glands in the proventriculus, whereas MUC1, MUC6 and OPN reactivity was found in the oxynticopeptic cells of profound proventricular glands. In addition, some cells in the fold epithelium of the proventriculus showed a positive reaction to OPN. The immunoreactivity of MUC1 in gizzard was different from that of MUC5AC. Although MUC5AC was expressed in the cells of both the surface epithelium and profound glands of the gizzard, MUC1 was only localized in the profound glands of the gizzard. However, MUC6 and OPN immunoreactivity was absent in the gizzard. The results indicated that the differences between the localizations of MUC1, MUC5AC, MUC6 and OPN in quail proventriculus and gizzard may be a reflection of functional differences of stomach parts. Although the biological significances of the expressions of MUC1, MUC5AC, MUC6 and OPN in the quail stomach remains unknown, these notable glycoproteins may be associated with barrier function, host defence, and/or secretion.
A ROBUST, PARTICULARIST ETHICAL ASSESSMENT OF MEDICAL TOURISM
Authors: MEGHANI ZAHRA 
Published: May 2010

ABSTRACTRecently, in increasing numbers, citizens of wealthy nations are heading to poorer countries for medical care. They are traveling to the global South as medical tourists because in their home nations either they cannot get timely medical care or they cannot afford needed treatments. This essay offers a robust, particularist ethical assessment of the practice of citizens of richer nations traveling to poorer countries for healthcare.
Up‐Regulation and Functional Effect of Cardiac β3‐Adrenoreceptors in Alcoholic Monkeys
Authors: Cheng Heng‐Jie , Grant Kathleen A. , Han Qing‐Hua , Daunais James B. , Friedman David P. , Masutani Satoshi , Little William C. , Cheng Che‐Ping 
Published: May 2010

Background: Recent studies link altered cardiac β‐adrenergic receptor (AR) signaling to the pathology of alcoholic cardiomyopathy (ACM). However, the alteration and functional effect of β3‐AR activation in ACM are unknown. We tested the hypothesis that chronic alcohol intake causes an up‐regulation of cardiac β3‐AR, which exacerbates myocyte dysfunction and impairs calcium regulation, thereby directly contributing to the progression of ACM.Methods: We compared myocyte β3‐ and β1‐AR expression and myocyte contractile ([Ca2+]i), transient ([Ca2+]iT), and Ca2+current (ICa,L) responses to β‐ and β3‐AR stimulation in myocytes obtained from left ventricle (LV) tissue samples obtained from 10 normal control (C) and 16 monkeys with self‐administered alcohol for 12 months prior to necropsy: 6 moderate (M) and 10 heavy (H) drinkers with group average alcohol intakes of 1.5 ± 0.2 and 3.3 ± 0.2 g/kg/d, respectively.Results: Compared with control myocytes (C), in alcoholic cardiomyocytes, basal cell contraction (dL/dtmax, −39%, H: 69.8 vs. C: 114.6 μm/s), relaxation (dR/dtmax, −37%, 58.2 vs. 92.9 μm/s), [Ca2+]iT(−34%, 0.23 vs. 0.35), and ICa,L(−25%, 4.8 vs. 6.4pA/pF) were all significantly reduced. Compared with controls, in moderate and heavy drinkers, β1‐AR protein levels decreased by 23% and 42%, but β3‐AR protein increased by 46% and 85%, respectively. These changes were associated with altered myocyte functional responses to β‐AR agonist, isoproterenol (ISO), and β3‐AR agonist, BRL‐37344 (BRL). Compared with controls, in alcoholic myocytes, ISO (10−8 M) produced significantly smaller increases in dL/dtmax(H: 40% vs. C: 71%), dR/dtmax(37% vs. 52%), [Ca2+]iT(17% vs. 37%), and ICa,L(17% vs. 27%), but BRL (10−8 M) produced a significantly greater decrease in dL/dtmax(H: −23% vs. C: −11%), [Ca2+]iT(−30% vs. −11%), and ICa,L(−28% vs. −17%).Conclusions: Chronic alcohol consumption down‐regulates cardiac β1‐ and up‐regulates β3‐ARs, contributing to the abnormal response to catecholamines in ACM. The up‐regulation of cardiac β3‐AR signaling enhances inhibition of LV myocyte contraction and relaxation and exacerbates the dysfunctional [Ca2+]iregulation and, thus, may precede the development of ACM.
Dynamic Material Flow Analysis for Strategic Construction and Demolition Waste Management in Beijing
Authors: Hu Mingming , Van Der Voet Ester , Huppes Gjalt 
Published: May 2010

SummaryOf all materials extracted from the earth's crust, the construction sector uses 50%, producing huge amounts of construction and demolition waste (CDW). In Beijing, presently 35 million metric tons per year (megatonnes/year [Mt/yr]) of CDW are generated. This amount is expected to grow significantly when the first round of mass buildings erected in the 1990s starts to be demolished. In this study, a dynamic material flow analysis (MFA) is conducted for Beijing's urban housing system, with the demand for the stock of housing floor area taken as the driver. The subsequent effects on construction and demolition flows of housing floor area and the concurrent consumption and waste streams of concrete are investigated for Beijing from 1949 and projected through 2050. The per capita floor area (PCFA) is a key factor shaping the material stock of housing. Observations in Beijing, the Netherlands, and Norway indicate that PCFA has a strong correlation with the local gross domestic product (GDP). The lifetime of dwellings is one of the most important variables influencing future CDW generation. Three scenarios, representing the current trend extension, high GDP growth, and lengthening the lifetime of dwellings, are analyzed. The simulation results show that CDW will rise, unavoidably. A higher growth rate of GDP and the consequent PCFA will worsen the situation in the distant future. Prolonging the lifetime of dwellings can postpone the arrival of the peak CDW. From a systematic view, recycling is highly recommended for long‐term sustainable CDW management.
Marriage‐partner Preference among Muslims in France: Reproducing Tradition in the Maghrebian Diaspora
Authors: Selby Jennifer A. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThis article examines the prevalence of transnational cousin marriage in a Parisian suburb to consider its implications in reproducing “traditional” Muslim cultural identities among new immigrant women in France. In charting these marriages and tracing the migratory experiences of several first‐generation women from North Africa to a Parisian banlieue (suburb) where I undertook extensive fieldwork, I consider why “traditional” Muslim women remain the ideal marriage partners for second and third generation French Muslim men of Maghrebian origin and their families. These brides have become emblematic of perceptions of cultural and religious purity in the diaspora in the face of dominant laïque discourses, often centralized on the hijab and Muslim women's “oppression.” I conclude that these women's bodies become symbolic armatures amidst fiercely debated gender politics and Maghrebian Muslim cultural values.
Prespawn mortality in adult spring Chinook salmon outplanted above barrier dams
Authors: Keefer M. L. , Taylor G. A. , Garletts D. F. , Gauthier G. A. , Pierce T. M. , Caudill C. C. 
Published: May 2010

Keefer ML, Taylor GA, Garletts DF, Gauthier GA, Pierce TM, Caudill CC. Prespawn mortality in adult spring Chinook salmon outplanted above barrier dams.  Ecology of Freshwater Fish 2010: 19: 361–372. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/SAbstract –  Dams without fish passage facilities block access to much of the historic spawning habitat of spring Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in Oregon’s Willamette River basin. Adult salmon are routinely outplanted above the dams to supplement natural production, but many die before spawning despite extensive suitable habitat. In 2004–2007, we examined prespawn mortality patterns using live detection and carcass recovery data for 242 radio‐tagged outplants. Total prespawn mortality was 48%, but variability was high, ranging from 0% to 93% for individual release groups. Prespawn mortality was strongly condition dependent, consistently higher for females than males and higher for early release groups. Across years, warm water temperature in the migration corridor and at the collection site was associated with sharply higher mortality. Results highlight a need for better evaluations of the effects of adult mortality on population reintroduction and recovery and relationships among prespawn mortality, dam‐related temperature change and salmon life history and behaviour.
Effect of fat supplementation during transition period on plasma leptin and non‐esterified fatty acid concentrations in Holstein cows
Authors: AFZALZADEH Ahmad , PALIZDAR Mohammad Hossein , MAHMOUDZADEH Homayoun , NIASARI‐NASLAJI Amir 
Published: May 2010

ABSTRACTThe objective of this experiment was to investigate the effect of fat supplementation during the transition period on pre and postpartum body weight (BW), body condition score (BCS), non‐esterified fatty acids (NEFA), glucose and leptin concentrations in Holstein cows. Holstein cows (n = 15) received a low fat diet (LF; 1.61 Mcal net energy for lactation (NEL)/kg of dry matter [DM]), moderate fat diet (MF; 1.68 Mcal NEL/kg DM) or a high fat diet (HF; 1.74 Mcal NEL/kg DM) for 4 weeks prior to calving. All cows were fed similar lactation diets ad libitum (1.74 Mcal NEL/kg DM) for 30 days after calving. Increasing diet energy density during transition period had no effect on prepartum DMI, BCS, BW, glucose and NEFA concentrations (P > 0.05); but leptin concentrations and energy balance (EB) were affected by treatments (P < 0.05). Animals fed HF had less plasma leptin prepartum. After parturition, BW, milk production, milk fat, protein, urea nitrogen and plasma glucose concentrations were affected by prepartum diets (P < 0.05). Fat supplementation prepartum did not affect postpartum NEFA. In conclusion, prepartum fat supplementation decreased leptin concentration prepartum.