bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Explaining the Psychological Distress of Women with High-Risk Pregnancies in Iran
Authors: Mohammadi Solmaz , Shojaei Kobra , Maraghi Elham , Motaghi Zahra 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Psychological Distress (PD) is one of the most common mental disorders during pregnancy and involves stress, anxiety, and depression. According to the literature, High-Risk Pregnancy' (HRP) is a major physiological risk factor associated with PD during pregnancy. The main purpose of this study was to explore the perception and experience of women with HRP who, based on standard questionnaires, had moderate-to-severe stress and anxiety scores.

Materials and Methods:
This qualitative study was conducted using conventional content analysis from December 2020 to June 2021. To this aim, 16 women with HRP were purposefully selected from Imam Khomeini Hospital in Ahvaz, Iran, with maximum diversity. In-depth, semi-structured, individual interviews were conducted to collect the data. The MAXQDA software was used for data analysis.

Results:
Data analysis led to the extraction of two main categories and nine subcategories. “Disrupted peace” and “inefficient adaptation to the situation” were the two extracted categories. The former included the five subcategories of concerns about pregnancy complications, concerns about the parenting process, concerns about the couple's relationship, fear of Covid-19, and occupation-related stress. The latter included the three subcategories of unpleasant feelings, current pregnancy experiences, and previous pregnancy experiences.

Conclusions:
This study highlighted a wide range of psychosocial factors involved in the PD of women with HRP. These findings can be used to design appropriate prevention strategies to manage the mental health problems of these women in order to turn their pregnancy into a pleasurable experience.
The Effect of the Family-Centered Self-Care Program on the Health Literacy Level and Self-Efficacy of Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome During Discharge from Hospital
Authors: Ghaemmaghami Anis , Moeini Mahin , Keshvari Mahrokh 
Published: May 2024

Background:
One of the factors effective in controlling acute coronary syndrome (ACS) symptoms, such as heart failure, is sufficient knowledge of the disease, factors effective on its occurrence, and its prevention. Moreover, the improvement of self-efficacy, which is a predictor of important life factors in these patients, such as treatment process and quality of life (QOL), must be considered as one of the main goals of nursing care for these patients. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the family-centered self-care program on the health literacy level and self-efficacy of patients with ACS during hospital discharge.

Materials and Methods:
The present study was a quasi-experimental study performed with a pretest-posttest design. The statistical population of the study consisted of all patients with ACS hospitalized at Shahid Chamran Hospital in Isfahan in 2020. Through the convenience sampling method, 50 patients were selected and randomly divided into intervention and control groups. For the intervention group, 6 sessions of 45–60 minutes of family-centered self-care intervention were held. The subjects completed the Health Literacy for Iranian Adults (HELIA) questionnaire before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test, independent t-test, and paired t-test in the SPSS statistical software.

Results:
The mean score of health literacy did not significantly differ between the intervention and control groups before the intervention (p > 0.050). However, after the intervention, this rate was equal to 82.16 (7.94) and 60.85 (15.71) in the intervention and control groups, respectively, which was significantly higher in the intervention group compared to the control group (p < 0.001). Furthermore, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the mean self-efficacy score before the intervention (p > 0.05). However, after the intervention, this score was significantly higher in the intervention group 34.71 (10.11) compared to the control group 35.22 (13.30).

Conclusions:
Family-centered self-care program after discharge, as a simple, applicable, and efficient method can improve the health literacy level and self-efficacy of patients with ACS.
The Neonatal Mortality and Hospitalization Rate among High-Risk Neonates who Underwent Home Care Services
Authors: Khadivi Reza , Mirzaeian Shadi , Toghyani Raheleh 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Low birth weight neonates often require intensive care. However, in the absence of resources, Home Care (HC) could replace theoretically the essential health care. HC was presented for high-risk neonates who were born in 2016 in Isfahan city as a national pilot study. The aims of this study were to evaluate the Neonatal Mortality Rate (NMR) and hospitalization rates in the HRNs who received HC during the neonatal period.

Materials and Methods:
In a cohort study without a control group that was performed during 2016–2017, 130 HRNs who received HC in the neonatal period in Isfahan city were evaluated during 1 year. Data about the neonates' gender, age, birth weight, gestational age, congenital anomalies, cause of death (in terms of prematurity and related problems), and age at death were gathered and analyzed using the Chi-square test, independent t-test, Mann–Whitney U test, and multiple linear regression tests.

Results:
Out of the 129 HRNs who had received HC and completed a 1-year follow-up period, one neonatal death occurred due to multiple anomalies. In this way, the NMR was estimated as 7.75 per 1000 live neonates. In addition, 86 cases (66.66%) were hospitalized for one time in the neonatal period, 10 (6.14%) cases for the second time, and one HRN for the third time for 10 days.

Conclusion:
About one-third of the HRNs who had previously received HC in the neonatal period did not require inpatient care. In addition, the neonatal and infant mortality rates were low.
The Impact of an Educational Programme on Jordanian Intensive Care Nurses’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice Regarding Delirium and their Levels of Self-Efficacy: A Quasi-Experimental Design
Authors: Alhalaiqa Fadwa , Masa’Deh Rami , Al Omari Omar , Shawashreh Atef , Khalifeh Anas H. , Gray Richard 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background:
Delirium is a common problem among patients in Intensive Care Units (ICUs); however, it remains underdiagnosed. We aimed to determine the impact of a nursing education program on Jordanian nurses’ knowledge, practice, attitudes, self-efficacy, and ability to detect delirium among ICU patients.

Materials and Methods:
We conducted a nonequivalent, quasi-experimental design from January 2019 to January 2020. A total of 175 nurses who work in an ICU were included at the baseline and divided into two groups: (1) intervention (86 nurses), who received education for 6 hours each day across two different days and (2) a control group (89 nurses), who maintained their usual routine of care. Data were collected by means of a booklet of questionnaires about the nurses’ knowledge and practice, attitudes, and self-efficacy.

Results:
Data from 160 nurses were included in the analysis. The education program intervention (n = 81) significantly increased nurses’ knowledge and practice, positive attitudes, and self-efficacy compared with the control group (n = 79, p < 0.001). In addition, nurses who received the educational intervention were able to detect more cases of delirium (28%, from a total of 51 patients) than the controls, who detected three (6.50%) out of a total of 31 patients (p = 0.003).

Conclusions:
The ICU nurses who received the delirium-focused educational program increased their knowledge and practice, positive attitudes, and their self-efficacy; in addition, their ability to detect delirium was increased. The implementation of such a program is recommended for the health policymakers and stakeholders.
The Effect of Education Based on Human Care Theory on Caring Behaviors and Job Involvement of Nurses in Intensive Care Units
Authors: Elahi Maasumeh , Mansouri Parisa , Khademian Zahra 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Caring is the essence of nursing, and nurses who are dissatisfied with their job are not able to perform optimal patient care. This study was conducted with the aim to determine the effect of education based on human care theory on nurses' caring behaviors and job involvement.

Materials and Methods:
In this clinical trial, a total of 110 intensive care unit nurses from Nemazee Hospital, Shiraz, Iran, were randomly allocated to control and intervention groups. The intervention group received a 6-h workshop based on Watson's human care theory using a collaborative and role-playing approach and 1-month follow-up period through presenting weekly preplanned care and caregiving scenarios. The control group received routine hospital trainings. The data collection tools used were included in a demographic information form, and the Larson Caring Assessment Questionnaire, and Kanungo Job Involvement Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test, and independent and paired t-test in SPSS software.

Results:
Majority of the participants were married women and had Bachelor of Science degree in Nursing. The participants' age ranged from 21 to 52 years. After the education, caring behaviors and job involvement scores significantly increased in the intervention group compared to the control group (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:
The findings suggest that a care workshop can be effective in improving care behaviors and job involvement. Therefore, we recommend more extensive research to determine the effectiveness of long-term intervention on nursing care behaviors.
The Effect of Continuous Care Program on the Self-Efficacy of Patients with Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator: A Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Khani Shirin Afshar Ghahreman , Matourypour Pegah , Haghjoo Majid , Zakerimoghadam Masoumeh 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background:
The majority of cardiac disorders resulting from ventricular dysrhythmias are fatal. The Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD) is one of the most common treatments of ventricular dysrhythmias. Despite the benefits of ICD in preserving life, patients with ICD experience adverse physical, psychological, and social consequences. This study investigated the effects of the continuous care program on self-efficacy in patients with ICD.

Materials and Methods:
The present study was a randomized clinical trial. Based on the inclusion criteria, 80 patients attending an educational cardiovascular center in Tehran during 2017–2018, were randomly assigned to two intervention and control groups (40 in each). The intervention included the continuous care program, an educational session, and a follow-up program undertaken for the patients receiving the ICD. The control group received routine care. Self-efficacy was then measured by ICD (SE-ICD and OE-ICD) questionnaires and compared between the two groups.

Results:
The results showed no difference between the two groups before the intervention (p > 0.05). However, there was a significant difference in the mean self-efficacy score between the two groups after the intervention, being significantly higher in the intervention group (t77 = 4.9, p < 0.001).

Conclusions:
The results of the present study indicated that providing a continuous care program can increase self-efficacy in patients with ICD and can be used as an effective model in the nursing care of patients with ICD.
Effect of Spiritual Care Program on Resilience in Patients with Heart Failure
Authors: Movahedimoghadam Farideh , Naderi Nasim , Shabani Fidan , Fathollahi Mahmood Sheikh 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Heart Failure (HF) is a chronic disease that appears to affect resilience. One of the important programs that may affect resilience is a spiritual care program. As a result, the present study was conducted to determine the effect of a spiritual care program on the resilience of patients with HF.

Materials and Methods:
This randomized clinical trial study was performed at Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center in Tehran, Iran in 2020. Eighty-four patients were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly divided into two groups using a block size of 6. Connor-Davidson Scale and Parsian and Dunning Spirituality Questionnaire were completed by both groups before and after the intervention. For the experimental group, two educational sessions were carried out in one hour and thirty minutes and then continued three times a week for 1 month in order to practice spiritual care via WhatsApp. The control group did not receive the intervention that is done for the experimental group during performing intervention. In the end, the data related to 74 patients in each group (n = 37) were analyzed using Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA).

Results:
Dimensions of individual competence (F = 12.85, p = 0.001) and negative emotion tolerance of resilience (F = 8.71, p = 0.005) increased significantly in the experimental group compared to the control group and caused a significant increase in the total resilience score of the patients (F = 7.78, p = 0.007).

Conclusions:
Results of the study showed that a spiritual care program has a great role in improving the total resilience score and can be considered as a part of the holistic treatment program.
The omission of some patterns of knowing in clinical care
Authors: Rafii Forough , Nasrabadi Alireza Nasrabadi , Tehrani Fereshteh Javaheri 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Providing holistic and humanistic care to patients requires a variety of factors. A care solely based on objective knowledge might be unsafe and of low quality. Using the patterns of knowing in an integrated manner and relative to the context of caring is one of the necessities for proving a holistic and efficient nursing care. This study aimed to explore the role of patterns of knowing in the formation of uncaring behaviors.

Materials and Methods:
The researchers used a qualitative research design for this study. Participants included 19 clinical nurses who attended semi-structured and in-depth interviews. In addition, theoretical and purposeful sampling methods were used in this research. Observation of caring processes in different hospital wards was another method used for collecting data. The data analysis was carried out according to conventional content analysis technique.

Results:
The study findings revealed five categories for the theme of “omission of some patterns of knowing” including omission of scientific principles, omission of therapeutic relationship, omission of ethics, omission of social justice, and omission of flexibility.

Conclusions:
The omission of some patterns of knowing creates an ugly image of nursing and a negative outcome of caring as well.
Comparison of the Effects of Nika Vaginal Cream with Clotrimazole Cream on Vaginal Candidiasis Symptoms
Authors: Parsapour Hamideh , Masoumi Seyedeh Zahra , Shayan Arezoo , Moradkhani Shirin , Ghiasian Seyed Amir , Rashidi Mohammad Kazem 
Published: May 2024

Background:
The prevalence of vaginal candidiasis is high in women and proper treatment is essential in this regard.

Materials and Methods:
This single-blind randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 120 women who were referred to Hamadan health centers in 2019. The patients were randomly divided into Clotrimazole cream and Nika vaginal cream groups each including 60 cases. The intervention group received Nika vaginal cream once a day for a week and those in the control group were given Clotrimazole vaginal cream in the same way. The clinical symptoms were studied by clinical examinations and the culture of vaginal discharge before and 7 days after the treatment to confirm the diagnosis of Candida albicans. The results were analyzed by SPSS 21.0 using an independent t test, Mann–Whitney U test, and Chi-square, Fisher's exact, and McNemar's tests, the significance level was set at 0.05.

Results:
Most patients in both groups reported no clinical symptoms after the intervention, and no significant difference was observed between the two groups in this regard (χ2 = 2.23, p = 0.566). Conversely, a significant difference was found in Nika and Clotrimazole groups before and after the intervention regarding improving Vulvovaginal Candidiasis (VVC) symptoms χ2 = 86.01, χ2 = 99.41, respectively (p < 0.001). Finally, 84.48% and 75.86% of women in the Nika χ2 = 45.02 (p < 0.001) and Clotrimazole cream χ2 = 40.02 (p < 0.001) groups had negative culture results after the intervention.

Conclusions:
In general, the Nika and Clotrimazole vaginal creams have the same effects concerning improving the symptoms of vaginal candidiasis and thus can be used to treat VVC.
Patients' Satisfaction with Humane Care in Critical Care Units
Authors: Goudarzi Fateme , Pour Fatemeh Jafari , Hasanvand Shirin , Ebrahimzadeh Farzad , Kvist Tarja 
Published: May 2024

Background:
It is important to assess the provision of care in a humane framework to achieve patients' holistic needs in Critical Care Units (CCUs) and to promote health outcomes. The aim of the current study was to determine patients' satisfaction with humane care in CCUs.

Materials and Methods:
In the current descriptive–analytical study, data were collected from 225 patients admitted to the CCUs of seven teaching hospitals in Lorestan Province, Iran, in 2017. The Persian version of the Revised Humane Caring Scale (P-RHCS) was used in this study. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (independent t-test and one-way ANOVA).

Results:
The mean (SD) overall score of the P-RHCS was 4.61 (0.53), which indicated that patients were highly satisfied with humane care. The patients were most satisfied with “professional performance” [mean (SD) 4.72 (0.60)] and “interdisciplinary collaboration” [mean (SD) 4.72 (0.65)], and the least satisfied with “awareness of and contribution to self-care” [mean (SD) 4.23 (0.78)]. The findings revealed that patients' satisfaction with humane care depends on their demographic and clinical characteristics.

Conclusions:
Generally, patients were satisfied with humane care provided in CCUs; however, it is recommended that nurses' skills be reinforced, especially regarding information provision and effective communication with patients to improve health outcomes.
Prioritizing the Psychosocial Support Needs of Mothers with Gestational Diabetes: A Delphi Study
Authors: Javadifar Nahid , Siahkal Shahla Faal , Najafian Mahin , Iravani Mina , Zakerkish Mehrnoosh , Heshmati Rasoul 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Gestational diabetes is the most common medical complication in pregnancy, and the psychosocial health of women suffering from this condition affects their adherence to treatment and self-efficacy. However, since it is not possible to design interventions dealing with all of these needs, the aim of this study was to prioritize the psychosocial supportive needs of women with gestational diabetes.

Materials and Methods:
This was a modified Delphi design study involving 22 experts who were selected using purposive and snowball sampling methods. The study was conducted between April 2021 and June 2021. First, the psychosocial needs of diabetic pregnant women were extracted through a qualitative study involving interviews with multidisciplinary specialists and diabetic pregnant mothers (22 participants) and a systematic review of reputable scientific databases. Throughout the two Delphi stages, the questionnaire was classified, quantified, and analyzed.

Results:
Based on the results of this study, the following are the top priorities when addressing the psychosocial needs of mothers with gestational diabetes: paying attention to and identifying the mother’s worries and anxiety, husband and family support for diabetic pregnant women, the inclusion of specialized nutrition counseling services in mothers’ treatment plan, timely education of mothers about diabetes and its complications, and proper nutrition for diabetic mothers.

Conclusions:
The priorities of the supportive needs obtained in this study can be used to design interventions aimed at promoting psychosocial health, reducing stress and anxiety, and improving medication adherence in women with gestational diabetes.
Evaluation of retinal and choroidal vascular structures in obsessive-compulsive disorder
Authors: Mesen Ali , Turgut Celaleddin , Mesen Selma , Beyoğlu Abdullah 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
To evaluate the optical coherence tomography-angiography (OCT-A) findings and choroidal vascularity index (CVI) of patients followed with a diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) by comparing them with the healthy control group (HCG).

Methods:
This prospective study included 33 patients diagnosed with OCD and 32 HCG patients who followed up for at least 3 months. OCT-A images were obtained to evaluate the microvascular circulation, and enhanced HD line images were obtained for the CVI calculation of all patients.

Results:
Statistical analysis results revealed that the rates of superficial vascular density in the fovea region and deep vascular density in the parafovea region decreased in the OCD group compared to the HCG group (P = 0.003 and P = 0.010, respectively). Subfoveal choroidal thickness values of the OCD group were lower than those of the HCG group (P = 0.008). While total choroidal area and lumen area values were lower in the OCD group than in the HCG group (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively); CVI values were similar in both groups (P = 0.436).

Conclusion:
The use of the OCT-A device, which is a non-invasive method for detecting retinal and choroidal changes in OCD cases, may provide insight into the pathogenesis of the disease.
Do well-orchestrated pharmacokinetic properties of curcumin downregulate PYGB expression for glycogen phosphorylase in cancer cells?
Authors: Singh Divya , Srivastava Akhileshwar Kumar 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
Metabolic reprogramming contributes energy and multiple factors in the adaption of cancer cells in nutrient-deficient conditions. In such conditions, glycogen metabolism is upregulated by the activity of glycogen phosphorylase (PYGB) to produce glucose for promoting cell proliferation as well as resistance to anticancer therapies. Hence, the present study emphasized the assessment of the pharmacokinetic properties of a natural product, curcumin, to downregulate the PYGB expression.

METHODS:
The pharmacokinetic properties of curcumin were performed by the admetSAR database and SwissADME web tool. Next, molecular docking of curcumin with PYGB was done by PatchDock and FireDock Server. The CABS-flex2.0 server was used for the calculation of the RMFS (root mean square fluctuation) value of PYGB. The STRING database was used for PYGB protein-interaction network (PIN) analysis.

RESULTS:
Curcumin followed all parameters of pharmacokinetic properties. Further, molecular docking revealed that curcumin has the potential to disrupt structural PYGB protein with binding energy (-24.62 kcal/mol). The CABS-flex2.0 server calculated the RMFS value of active sites of the docked PYGB to understand the flexibility of the interacted residues (GLU124, SER651, GLN96, LYS655, GLU121, and LYS551). The STRING database for PYGB PIN analysis suggested that other proteins like PYGL, PYGM, nuclear speckle splicing regulatory protein 1, C6orf221, and APOA1BP could also be altered by employing of curcumin.

CONCLUSION:
This study suggested that curcumin can alter the activity of metabolic reprogramming by targeting several factors associated with carcinogenesis in stress conditions.