bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of pharmacist‐led interventions on hypertension‐related knowledge, medication adherence, and blood pressure control: A multi‐center, randomized, controlled trial in Vietnam
Authors: Huynh Bon Huu , Vo Ha Thi , Pham Anh Thi Kim , Tragulpiankit Pramote , Huynh Nam Huu , Nguyen Nhut Lien , Nguyen Lien Thi , Hong Pham Tham , Nathisuwan Surakit 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionHypertension is the single most important leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the Vietnamese population and remains poorly controlled by the current conventional care model.ObjectivesTo evaluate whether pharmacist‐led interventions can improve hypertension knowledge, medication adherence, and blood pressure (BP) control in Vietnamese patients with hypertension.MethodsA multi‐center, randomized, controlled trial was conducted in three hospitals in Vietnam from October 2021 to May 2022. The educational interventions included direct counseling, printed material, and educational videos for smartphones. The primary outcome was hypertension knowledge assessed by the Hypertension Knowledge‐Level Scale (HK–LS). Secondary outcomes were medication adherence as assessed by the Morisky Green Levine Adherence Scale (MGL) and changes in systolic (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) at week 12.ResultsA total of 381 patients were included in the study, with 190 and 191 patients in the intervention and control groups, respectively. At week 12, patients in the intervention group had a significantly higher mean HK–LS than the control group (18.97 ± standard deviation [SD] 2.10 vs. 14.98 ± SD 3.55, respectively; p < 0.001). Significantly higher medication adherence was observed in the intervention group than in the control group (MGL score of 3.76 ± 0.52 vs. 3.20 ± 0.87, respectively; p < 0.001). Patients in the intervention group had a significant reduction in mean SBP/DBP (−6.15/−2.58 mmHg) compared with the control group (−0.98/−0.92 mmHg; p < 0.001).ConclusionPharmacist‐led interventions resulted in a significant improvement in disease knowledge, medication adherence, and BP control in the Vietnamese context of practice and health system.
AMF symbiosis drives the rhizosphere microbiome to synergistically improve herbage growth in saline–alkaline soils
Authors: Zhang Zhechao , Ding Shengli , Diao Fengwei , Jia Bingbing , Shi Zhongqi , Guo Wei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPlant–microbe interactions are essential in shaping plant performance and overall ecosystem functioning. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying plant–microbe interactions mediated by mycorrhizal symbiosis in saline–alkaline soils are still not fully understood. Here, we aimed to clarify the synergistic regulatory mechanism through which arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) symbiosis drives the rhizosphere microbiome to improve perennial herbage growth in saline–alkaline soils and evaluate phytoremediation efficiency. This study revealed that Funneliformis mosseae inoculation (i) strongly promoted the growth of all three herbage species (with values ranging from 21.62% to 233.33%), Na+ accumulation in plants (with values ranging from 24.63% to 188.89%), and decreased soil electrical conductivity (with values ranging from 7.68% to 12.87%), potentially suggesting improved phytoremediation efficiency with AMF symbiosis; (ii) increased nutritional content and decreased C:P and N:P ratios (with values ranging from 27.20% to 92.87%) and improved K+/Na+ and P/Na+ ratios (with values ranging from 2.60% to 302.96%); (iii) increased the abundance of some beneficial bacterial taxa and strengthened the significant strong relationships among most of these bacteria and plant biomass, ion homeostasis as well as stoichiometric ratio constants, and AMF inoculation treatments also consisted the higher proportion of differential genera significantly correlated with these plant factors as well as plant nutrient contents, potentially reflecting that AMF mediated the enrichment process of beneficial bacterial taxa and may strength functional interaction between plant and bacterial taxa, which may be importance for the enhancement of saline–alkaline tolerance of plants; and (iv) enhanced stability of the rhizosphere bacterial community and complexity of interaction networks, and the related indictors also established significant correlations with plant/soil factors, suggesting that the improvement of stability and functional complexity driven by AMF may also be beneficial for enhancing phytoremediation efficiency. These findings indicate that AMF inoculation plays its own beneficial role by simultaneously activating the potential of beneficial rhizosphere bacterial taxa and that their synergistic interaction is more beneficial for enhancing plant growth in salt‐affected soils and enhancing phytoremediation efficiency. This study helps to elucidate the underlying mechanisms through which AMF‐mediated rhizosphere bacterial community improve plant growth and tolerance to saline–alkaline stresses, and provides evidence that effective ecological restoration of saline–alkaline degraded grasslands can be achieved via the use of mycorrhizal symbiosis herbage.
That's not what my app says: Perceptions of accuracy, consistency, and trust in weather apps
Authors: Vaughn Cole , Sherman‐Morris Kathleen , Brown Michael , Gutter Barrett 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe usage of weather apps for forecast information has increased dramatically over the last 10–15 years. Ensuring that consumers value and trust weather apps is important to the integrity of weather forecasting. Public perception of weather app forecast accuracy and consistency undergirds the apps' value and trustworthiness. With app forecasts being interpreted solely by the app user, misunderstanding and consequent false expectations could jeopardize the public's perception of accuracy and consistency. Furthermore, weather apps often offer excessively—and potentially unrealistically—detailed forecasts on time and spatial scales, extending far into the future without sufficient disclaimers regarding the confidence level associated with such detailed forecasts. A survey of the public found perceived app accuracy and consistency to be positively correlated with the trust in an app. Participants indicated that they take at least modest consideration of uncertainty and spatial variability when assessing specific and longer range forecasts. On average, participants had low to moderate confidence in forecasts beyond 10 days, and a significant majority did not perceive a precipitation forecast as inaccurate, even when no rain occurred at their location, as long as it rained nearby. We tested for misinterpretation using a common expression of uncertainty in weather apps, namely probability of precipitation (PoP). A majority of participants made a correct interpretation of the two PoP values given, although, depending on the percentage, some misinterpreted the values as indicating precipitation intensity, totals, or duration. Overall, these findings offer encouragement for a society heavily reliant on weather apps while also encouraging more research on weather information interpretation.
A systematic study on linear thermal expansion coefficient of metals based on interferometric measurement with Fresnel bimirror
Authors: Lu Sifan , Zhao Wenyu , Lin Jia , Zhao Xiaorui , Xu Ruoyu , Bai Jin , Sun Chunyan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLinear thermal expansion coefficient, which is vital for measuring the thermal expansion characteristics of metals, has been attracting considerable attention globally. Herein, a novel design based on Fresnel bimirror has been developed. In this design, when the upper end of the object to be measured comes in contact with a tilted double‐sided mirror, the temperature rises and intersection angle of the Fresnel bimirror decreases. Meanwhile, interference fringe spacing becomes narrower, while the number of fringes increases. An imaging system based on a digital microscope and smartphone is also incorporated in this design, which records the changes in the interference fringes. Then, using a self‐programmed software, the linear thermal expansion coefficients of Cu, Fe, and Al samples are determined at elevated temperatures as 17.85 ± 0.23 × 10−6/°C (), 11.8 ± 0.09 × 10−6/°C (), and 23.34 ±0.16 × 10−6/°C (), respectively, with a relative error of less than 1.6%. A cooling process is also designed, and the average value of the linear thermal expansion coefficient of metal samples during heating and cooling conditions is determined. The measurement results obtained via the finite‐method simulation demonstrate the feasibility and reliability of the system. Overall, this study provides a new idea for measuring the linear thermal expansion coefficient of metals.
AAPM Task Group Report 267: A joint AAPM GEC‐ESTRO report on biophysical models and tools for the planning and evaluation of brachytherapy
Authors: Chen Zhe (Jay) , Li X. Allen , Brenner David J. , Hellebust Taran P. , Hoskin Peter , Joiner Michael C. , Kirisits Christian , Nath Ravinder , Rivard Mark J. , Thomadsen Bruce R. , Zaider Marco 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBrachytherapy utilizes a multitude of radioactive sources and treatment techniques that often exhibit widely different spatial and temporal dose delivery patterns. Biophysical models, capable of modeling the key interacting effects of dose delivery patterns with the underlying cellular processes of the irradiated tissues, can be a potentially useful tool for elucidating the radiobiological effects of complex brachytherapy dose delivery patterns and for comparing their relative clinical effectiveness. While the biophysical models have been used largely in research settings by experts, it has also been used increasingly by clinical medical physicists over the last two decades. A good understanding of the potentials and limitations of the biophysical models and their intended use is critically important in the widespread use of these models. To facilitate meaningful and consistent use of biophysical models in brachytherapy, Task Group 267 (TG‐267) was formed jointly with the American Association of Physics in Medicine (AAPM) and The Groupe Européen de Curiethérapie and the European Society for Radiotherapy & Oncology (GEC‐ESTRO) to review the existing biophysical models, model parameters, and their use in selected brachytherapy modalities and to develop practice guidelines for clinical medical physicists regarding the selection, use, and interpretation of biophysical models. The report provides an overview of the clinical background and the rationale for the development of biophysical models in radiation oncology and, particularly, in brachytherapy; a summary of the results of literature review of the existing biophysical models that have been used in brachytherapy; a focused discussion of the applications of relevant biophysical models for five selected brachytherapy modalities; and the task group recommendations on the use, reporting, and implementation of biophysical models for brachytherapy treatment planning and evaluation. The report concludes with discussions on the challenges and opportunities in using biophysical models for brachytherapy and with an outlook for future developments
Effects of heat treatments and cross‐linking on the crystal structure and torsional properties of polyester fibers
Authors: Cao Ya‐Jing , Gai Xue‐Jie , Li Wei , Liu Hai‐Hui , Han Na , Zhang Xing‐Xiang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractArtificial muscles have attracted great attention as actuators and coiled and twisted monofilament actuators are considered the most promising ones. In the present work, the torsional properties of poly(hexamethylene adipamide) (PA66), poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), and high‐strength PET (HTPET) monofilaments were investigated. Furthermore, cross‐linked PET (CPET) monofilaments were melt‐spun by adding 1 wt% of 2‐dimethoxy‐2‐phenylacetophenone (ultraviolet (UV) initiator) and triallyl iso‐cyanurate (cross‐linking agent) in PET chips under UV radiation. The HTPET monofilaments had the highest torsional modulus of 1.1 GPa followed by the PET (0.8 GPa) and PA66 (0.6 GPa) monofilaments. Subsequently, the HTPET monofilaments were subjected to heat treatments under tension. When the heat treatment time was 10 min, the mechanical properties of the HTPET monofilaments also tended to first increase and then decrease with the rise of heat treatment temperature. The molecular arrangement and crystal structure of the HTPET monofilaments were gradually improved with the prolongation of tension heat treatment. The tensile strength and initial modulus of the HTPET monofilaments were 871.4 MPa and 15.8 GPa, respectively. The mechanical properties of the CPET monofilaments first increased and then decreased with the increase of the drawing ratio. When the drawing ratio was 10, the CPET monofilament had a tensile strength of 717.2 MPa, an initial modulus of 16.7 GPa, and a maximum torsional modulus of 1.3 GPa. Therefore, both heat treatment and cross‐linking increased the mechanical strength of the PET monofilaments. CPET and HTPET are possible to be used as artificial muscles.
Matching study design to prescribing intention: The prevalent new‐user design for studying abuse‐deterrent formulations of opioids
Authors: DiPrete Bethany L. , Oh GYeon , Moga Daniela C. , Dasgupta Nabarun , Slavova Svetla , Slade Emily , Delcher Chris , Pence Brian W. , Ranapurwala Shabbar I. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPurposeIn drug studies, research designs requiring no prior exposure to certain drug classes may restrict important populations. Since abuse‐deterrent formulations (ADF) of opioids are routinely prescribed after other opioids, choice of study design, identification of appropriate comparators, and addressing confounding by “indication” are important considerations in ADF post‐marketing studies.MethodsIn a retrospective cohort study using claims data (2006–2018) from a North Carolina private insurer [NC claims] and Merative MarketScan [MarketScan], we identified patients (18–64 years old) initiating ADF or non‐ADF extended‐release/long‐acting (ER/LA) opioids. We compared patient characteristics and described opioid treatment history between treatment groups, classifying patients as traditional (no opioid claims during prior six‐month washout period) or prevalent new users.ResultsWe identified 8415 (NC claims) and 147 978 (MarketScan) ADF, and 10 114 (NC claims) and 232 028 (MarketScan) non‐ADF ER/LA opioid initiators. Most had prior opioid exposure (ranging 64%–74%), and key clinical differences included higher prevalence of recent acute or chronic pain and surgery among patients initiating ADFs compared to non‐ADF ER/LA initiators. Concurrent immediate‐release opioid prescriptions at initiation were more common in prevalent new users than traditional new users.ConclusionsCareful consideration of the study design, comparator choice, and confounding by “indication” is crucial when examining ADF opioid use‐related outcomes.
The impact of hospitalization on inappropriate prescribing and polypharmacy in older patients: A descriptive cross‐sectional study
Authors: Weiss Ori , Eyre Andy , Ellenbogen Danny Alon , Stein Gideon Y. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundPolypharmacy and the use of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) in older individuals are widespread phenomena that are associated with an increase in morbidity and mortality. The Beers Criteria is a tool that helps to identify patients that are prescribed with PIMs, thereby reducing the risk of associated harm. Amongst other populations, the criteria identify drugs that should not be used by the majority of older patients.AimDetermining the proportion of older inpatients who were discharged from hospitalization with polypharmacy (a prescription for more than seven drugs), or with a PIM as defined by the Beers Criteria.MethodsA descriptive cross‐sectional study based on patients aged 65 and over who were hospitalized in the years 2019–2021 in the internal medicine, orthopedic and surgical wards at a medium‐size hospital. Demographic information and details about drug treatment were collected from the electronic patient records system. Patients who died during hospitalization were excluded from the study group.Main Outcome MeasuresThe proportion of inpatients with polypharmacy or a PIM as part of their regular prescription, at the time of admission and at discharge.Results49 564 patients were included in the study cohort. At discharge, 19% of the patients were given a prescription for a PIM, with a small but significant decrease compared with the rate admission (22.1%). At discharge, 42.8% of patients had polypharmacy, representing a small but significant increase compared with the rate on admission (40.6%).ConclusionsThe study demonstrated high baseline rates of PIM prescription and polypharmacy. Hospitalization was associated with a decrease in PIM prescription and an increase in polypharmacy. This highlights the importance of medication review during admission to reduce the potential risk to older adults from polypharmacy and PIM prescription.
Further experience with polydioxanone airway stents in children
Authors: Morante‐Valverde Rocío , Díaz María López , Luna‐Paredes Mª Carmen , Proaño Sara , Castellano Cecilia , Méndez Mª Dolores , Ramos Victoria , Antón‐Pacheco Juan L. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe aims of this study were to update our experience with biodegradable polydioxanone (PDO) airway stents in children, focusing on effectiveness and safety, and to analyze the factors involved in the different outcomes observed.Materials and MethodsRetrospective study of patients managed with PDO stents from 2012 to 2023. Variables collected: demographics, comorbidities, indication, clinical baseline, stent size, location, complications, clinical outcome, and time of follow‐up. Statistical analyses were performed to detect the eventual contribution of variables in the different outcomes observed.ResultsFifty‐four PDO stents were placed in 26 patients (median age, 4 months). All showed severe symptoms of central airway obstruction due to tracheomalacia in nine patients, bronchomalacia five, tracheobronchomalacia 10, and tracheal stenosis two. Stent placement was uneventful in every case: 29 stents in the trachea and 25 in the main bronchi. 53.8% of patients needed successive stenting, and all exhibited comorbidities. Complete clinical resolution was observed in eight cases (30.7%), partial improvement in 13 (50%), unchanged in 4 (15.3%), and worsened in one. Age had a significant positive impact on outcome (6 vs. 3 months; p = 0.024). Additionally, smaller stents were associated with a better outcome (20 vs. 26 mm; p = 0.044). Granulation tissue was the most frequent complication (34.6%). Five patients (19.2%) died due to severe comorbidities, follow‐up was complete in survivors (median, 58 months).ConclusionsPDO stents are safe and effective when dealing with severe tracheobronchial obstruction. Stent‐related granulation tissue continues to be a relevant matter of concern. This issue, together with increased degradation times, deserves further research.
Diversifying de novoTIM barrels by hallucination
Authors: Beck Julian , Shanmugaratnam Sooruban , Höcker Birte 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDe novo protein design expands the protein universe by creating new sequences to accomplish tailor‐made enzymes in the future. A promising topology to implement diverse enzyme functions is the ubiquitous TIM‐barrel fold. Since the initial de novo design of an idealized four‐fold symmetric TIM barrel, the family of de novo TIM barrels is expanding rapidly. Despite this and in contrast to natural TIM barrels, these novel proteins lack cavities and structural elements essential for the incorporation of binding sites or enzymatic functions. In this work, we diversified a de novo TIM barrel by extending multiple βα‐loops using constrained hallucination. Experimentally tested designs were found to be soluble upon expression in Escherichia coli and well‐behaved. Biochemical characterization and crystal structures revealed successful extensions with defined α‐helical structures. These diversified de novo TIM barrels provide a framework to explore a broad spectrum of functions based on the potential of natural TIM barrels.
Combined Shewhart–EWMA and Shewhart–CUSUM monitoring schemes for time between events
Authors: Hu Xuelong , Xia Fan , Zhang Jiujun , Song Zhi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTo improve the detecting abilities of upward and downward parameter changes in high‐quality process, two combined schemes by integrating memory‐type, that is, exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) or cumulative sum (CUSUM), and memoryless, that is, Shewhart, are proposed for monitoring the time between events (TBE), which is modeled as an exponential distributed variable. A Monte Carlo simulation method is employed to obtain the Run Length () properties, that is average run length (), of the proposed schemes for different parameter settings. The nearly optimal monitoring parameter combinations under different change size are obtained by minimizing the out‐of‐control with the satisfied in‐control . Using the designed parameters, the performance of the proposed monitoring schemes is compared with the existing EWMA and CUSUM TBE. The results show that the proposed combined Shewhart–EWMA or Shewhart–CUSUM TBE generally perform better than the corresponding EWMA or CUSUM TBE for large changes and they also show better performance than the Shewhart TBE for small changes. Finally, a real dataset of organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) failure time from Sumsung company is employed to indicate the usage and implementation of combined TBE schemes.
Semiconductor Catalyst: Investigation for the Degradation of BB9 Azo Dye by Sonophotocatalytic Process
Authors: Ertugay Neşe , Acar Filiz Nuran 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe degradability of an azo dye, Basic Blue 9 (BB9), by heterogeneous sonocatalytic, photocatalytic, and sonophotocatalytic oxidation process was examined using simultaneous irradiation of UV‐C at 254 nm and power ultrasound at 20 kHz accompanied with a heterogeneous catalyst zinc oxide (ZnO) in the study. The effect of ZnO dose and initial dye concentration was investigated on the dye degradation in sonocatalytic, photocatalytic, and sonophotocatalytic processes at pH 5.5 (natural pH). The results obtained from the experimental studies were evaluated with the parameters of color removal, pseudo‐first‐order rate constant, and half‐life time. It was observed that the degradation of BB9 dye by the sonophotocatalytic process was higher compared to both sonocatalytic and photocatalytic degradation. as follows: 97.46, 48.64 and 56.88 %. The combination of sono and photocatalytic showed a remarkable synergistic effect in BB9 degradation. The kinetics of sonophotocatalytic oxidations, depending on the initial BB9 dye concentration, were found to follow the Langmuir‐Hinshelwood model. In addition, the effect of ZnO on the sonophotocatalytic oxidation process was higher compared to titanium dioxide and zero‐valent iron as follows: 97.47, 80.77 and 80.62 %.
A Critical Review on Recent Progress of Solution‐Processed Monolayer Assembly of Nanomaterials and Applications
Authors: Zhao Liang , Fan Jichao , Gong Chenchi , Dyke Alexis , Gao Weilu , Li Bo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe rapid development in nanotechnology has necessitated accurate and efficient assembly strategies for nanomaterials. Monolayer assembly of nanomaterials (MAN) represents a challenging and important architecture to manufacture and is critical in understanding interactions among nanomaterials, solvents, and substrates. MAN enables highly tunable performance in electronic and photonic devices. This review summarizes the recent progress on the methods to achieve MAN and discusses important control factors. Moreover, the importance of MAN is elaborated by a broad range of applications in electronics and photonics. In the end, the opportunities as well as challenges in manufacturing and new applications are outlooked.