bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health Benefits of Different Sports: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal and Intervention Studies Including 2.6 Million Adult Participants
Authors: Oja Pekka , Memon Aamir Raoof , Titze Sylvia , Jurakic Danijel , Chen Si-Tong , Shrestha Nipun , Em Sowannry , Matolic Tena , Vasankari Tommi , Heinonen Ari , Grgic Jozo , Koski Pasi , Kokko Sami , Kelly Paul , Foster Charlie , Podnar Hrvoje , Pedisic Zeljko 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Several reviews have examined the health benefits of participation in specific sports, such as baseball, cricket, cross-country skiing, cycling, downhill skiing, football, golf, judo, rugby, running and swimming. However, new primary studies on the topic have recently been published, and the respective meta-analytic evidence needs to be updated.

Objectives
To systematically review, summarise and appraise evidence on physical health benefits of participation in different recreational sports.

Methods
Searches for journal articles were conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, SpoLit, SPORTDiscus, Sports Medicine & Education Index and Web of Science. We included longitudinal and intervention studies investigating physical health outcomes associated with participation in a given sport among generally healthy adults without disability.

Results
A total of 136 papers from 76 studies conducted among 2.6 million participants were included in the review. Our meta-analyses of available evidence found that: (1) cycling reduces the risk of coronary heart disease by 16% (pooled hazard ratio [HR] = 0.84; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.80, 0.89), all-cause mortality by 21% (HR = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.73, 0.84), cancer mortality by 10% (HR = 0.90; 95% CI: 0.85, 0.96) and cardiovascular mortality by 20% (HR = 0.80; 95% CI: 0.74, 0.86); (2) football has favourable effects on body composition, blood lipids, fasting blood glucose, blood pressure, cardiovascular function at rest, cardiorespiratory fitness and bone strength (p < 0.050); (3) handball has favourable effects on body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness (p < 0.050); (4) running reduces the risk of all-cause mortality by 23% (HR = 0.77; 95% CI: 0.70, 0.85), cancer mortality by 20% (HR = 0.80; 95% CI: 0.72, 0.89) and cardiovascular mortality by 27% (HR = 0.73; 95% CI: 0.57, 0.94) and improves body composition, cardiovascular function at rest and cardiorespiratory fitness (p < 0.010); and (5) swimming reduces the risk of all-cause mortality by 24% (HR = 0.76; 95% CI: 0.63, 0.92) and improves body composition and blood lipids (p < 0.010).

Conclusions
A range of physical health benefits are associated with participation in recreational cycling, football, handball, running and swimming. More studies are needed to enable meta-analyses of health benefits of participation in other sports.
PROSPERO registration number CRD42021234839.
Hyaluronic acid: comprehensive review of a multifunctional biopolymer
Authors: Salih Abdul Rahim Chethikkattuveli , Farooqi Hafiz Muhammad Umer , Amin Hardik , Karn Pankaj Ranjan , Meghani Nileshkumar , Nagendran Saraswathy 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Hyaluronic acid (HA) has a broad range of cosmetic and therapeutic applications due to its unique physicochemical properties and involvement in various essential biological processes, including cell signaling, wound reparation, and tissue regeneration.

Main body
In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of HA, including its history, physicochemical properties, roles, molecular biology, and biochemistry (including occurrence, biosynthesis, and degradation), as well as its chemical modifications and conventional and emerging production methods. We also examine HA's medical, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic applications and its derivatives in arthrology, ophthalmology, wound healing, odontology, oncology, drug delivery, 3D bioprinting, and cosmetology. Finally, we discuss the potential role of HA in preventing Covid-19.

Conclusion
Hyaluronic acid, a naturally found substance, has shown immense potential in the clinic. Thus, it is imperative to highlight its applications in the diverse fields impacting the lives of patients and healthy individuals.
Cerebral palsy risk in relation to parental age: insights from a matched case-control study
Authors: Fafolahan Abiola Olayinka , Davis Abigail O. , Sodipo Oladunni P. , Taimiyu Oluwaleke Miracle , Ogunmola Miracle Olayinka , Emmanuel Adebayo , Usman Bello E. , Titi Ojelade 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Cerebral palsy, a prevalent childhood physical disability, exhibits complex multifactorial causes. This case-control study explores the role of parental age in cerebral palsy risk and associated patterns.

Methods
A case-control study comparing children with cerebral palsy at ages 3 months to 3 years with age-matched healthy control subjects was conducted between January 2022 and August 2023 at Federal Medical Centre, Abeokuta, Nigeria. Cases were recruited from the pediatric physiotherapy outpatient clinic, while controls were selected from pediatric and children emergency wards. Data were collected retrospectively from electronic medical records. Risk factors were evaluated using conditional logistic regression models.

Results
We studied 134 subjects with cerebral palsy and 134 age-matched control subjects. Significant risk factors for cerebral palsy included the maternal age 35–39 years (odds ratio 2.16, P < 0.005), maternal age ≥ 40 years (odds ratio 3.83, P < 0.005), paternal age 41–45 (odds ratio 2.00, P < 0.05), paternal age ≥ 46 (odds ratio 6.80, P < 0.05), primiparous (odds ratio 2.2, P < 0.05), paternal low income (odds ratio 2.49, P < 0.05), paternal primary education (odds ratio 24.61, P < 0.05), and maternal primary education (odds ratio 2.39, P < 0.05).

Conclusions
This research contributes to our understanding of parental age as risk factors associated with cerebral palsy in children. The results also underscore the importance of demographic and socioeconomic factors, especially father’s level of income, maternal parity, and parental education. These findings can guide future research and public health interventions aimed at reducing the burden of cerebral palsy.
Diagnostic accuracy of shear wave elastography versus laboratory parameters as non-invasive screening tool for esophageal varices
Authors: Shehata Khaled Mohamed Ali , Kelany Abdul-Allah Ismael , Hassan Salma Mokhtar Osman , Ahmed Ramy Mohamed , Mounir Peter Atef , AbdelAziz Amira Hassan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Variceal hemorrhage from the rupture of esophageal varices is accompanied by a substantial mortality rate. So, newly diagnosed cirrhotic patients are recommended to perform screening esophago-gastroduodenoscopy (EGD) for identifying varices. The primary objective of the present research was to ascertain the most precise biochemical and ultrasonographic variables that have the potential to non-invasively forewarn the occurrence of varices in cirrhotic patients. The study evaluated different parameters such as aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI), platelet count/splenic diameter (PC/SD), portal vein velocity (PVV), and splenic and hepatic stiffness in prediction of EV.

Methods
This is a cross-sectional study that was conducted on 100 cirrhotic patients based on clinical, laboratory, and radiological assessments. All patients were subjected to thorough clinical examinations; laboratory tests were conducted to assess liver function and calculate Child–Pugh score and non-invasive tests for detecting esophageal varices such as APRI, PC/SD, Doppler ultrasonography for assessment of PV Doppler, and hepatic and splenic elastography. All patients got an endoscopic assessment in order to examine and classify the esophageal varices.

Results
Based on the current study, we found that predictors for EV among the studied patients were the following: PC/SD ratio with odds ratio (OR) was 2.20, PVV with OR was 4.68, liver stiffness with OR was 1.99, and splenic stiffness with OR was 3.55.
With ROC curve analysis, PVV has the best overall accuracy (85.4%) for prediction of EV with an area under the curve of 0.79 at cutoff point < 7.09 (cm/s) followed by splenic stiffness that has 82.6% overall accuracy with an area under the curve of 0.71 at cutoff point > 62.22 kPa.

Conclusion
PVV and splenic stiffness measurement hold potential as non-invasive markers for predicting the presence of esophageal varices in individuals with liver cirrhosis. Moreover, these markers can also aid in predicting the occurrence of advanced esophageal varices.
Prevalence and clinical implications of high anterior septal deviation on sinus access: a retrospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Raziq Mohsen Mahmoud Abd El , Hamed Poussy Yehia , Abdelsamie Alaa Mohamed 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
High anterior septal deviation is an underreported anatomical variant that can influence the decision to conduct septoplasty throughout FESS and to facilitate after-surgery care.

Objective
To assess the prevalence and clinical implications of HASD on sinus access.

Methods
This retrospective, cross-sectional research was performed on patients with symptoms of DNS and CRS who were prepared for FESS. CT scan PNS coronal sections have been requested with three measurements: distance to the septum (SDD), distance to lateral nasal wall (LNW), and septal deviation angle (SDA).

Results
One-hundred fifty-seven patients were included; 73 of them received septoplasty. There is significant increase in SDD (mm), LNW (mm), SDD/LNW, and SDA (degree) in septoplasty group with significant AUC that predict the need of septoplasty. Characteristic cutoffs were SDD more than or equal 2.55 mm, SDD/LNW more than or equal 0.239, and SDA more than or equal 8.95°. There is significant decrease in polyps and edema in septoplasty group postoperatively compared to preoperative.

Conclusion
Septoplasty during FESS allows room for endoscopic instrumentation, provides adequate visualization of the surgical field and throughout postoperative care, and can reduce the possibility of failed FESS.
Modeling and assessment of the techno-economic analysis of biogas and its potential for the generation of electricity from water hyacinth biomass
Authors: Asante Enoch , Asiedu Nana Yaw , Sarpong Samuel , Agyemang Emmanuel Okoh , Ajani Ibrahim , Ntiamoah Augustine , Adjaottor Albert Amatey , Addo Ahmad 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe study presents the economic feasibility assessment of converting the produced biogas from water hyacinth biomass into electricity. Approximately, 0.3793 m3CH4/kgVS was generated from the water hyacinth biomass. The research indicated that the available water hyacinth population on the Lower Volta River in the year 2020 could potentially generate a methane yield of 53.676 × 106m3. The volume of methane gas generated had the potential to produce an annual electricity output of 110.792 × 106 kWh, which could be integrated into the national grid. The economic analysis indicated positive results with an initial total investment cost of $67,273,700. The project showed a positive net present value (NPV) of $8,923,769 and a levelized cost of 0.172 $/kWh. The simple payback and equity payback periods were determined to be 5.5 and 11.3 years, respectively. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis conducted showed that the project’s NPV remained positive when variations in input parameters such as initial cost, operations, and maintenance cost were less than 15% sensitive range. However, a 30% reduction in the feed-in tariff cost resulted in a negative NPV. In conclusion, biogas production from water hyacinth biomass in Ghana can make a significant contribution to the country’s energy mix and help alleviate the energy shortfall in rural areas.
Are community-based interventions effective at improving mental health outcomes in refugee children and adolescents in high-income countries?
Authors: Singh Gracy , Rajgopal Aditi 
Published: April 2024

SUMMARYMultiple epidemiological studies have shown an increased prevalence of adverse mental health outcomes in refugee populations and have highlighted children and adolescents to be particularly at risk. This commentary considers a Cochrane Review examining the efficacy of community-based interventions at improving the mental health of refugee children and adolescents in high-income countries. The review concludes that community-based interventions are ineffective at improving mental health in such populations. Notably, the data are limited by significant risk of bias and a small sample size. This article aims to critically appraise this systematic review, extrapolate implications for current practice and identify avenues for further research.
REACT-HD online group: supporting people living with pre-symptomatic Huntington's disease
Authors: Pires Sandra Bartolomeu , Chaâbane Fiona , Kipps Christopher 
Published: April 2024

Background: People with pre-symptomatic Huntington's disease (PSHD) carry a mutant gene that causes a progressive brain disease, with their offspring at 50% risk of developing Huntington's disease (HD). People know they will develop the condition, but not when, and services are generally not designed to care for people in this anticipatory stage. Aims: To explore the support and educational needs of people in the PSHD stage and assess their experience of attending a virtual group. Methods: User-driven virtual sessions followed by anonymous surveys. Findings: Four main themes were identified: 1) what to expect from HD in the future; 2) tips to keep healthy; 3) how HD is impacting your life and the life of others; and 4) research update – requested at every session. Attendees described the positive impact of the group. Conclusions: User-driven virtual group sessions show a positive impact on PSHD patients and can be a useful resource to support other people with complex diseases remotely.
Therapeutic effect of Wendan Decoction combined with mosapride on gastroesophageal reflux disease after esophageal cancer surgery
Authors: Zhang Yu-Jing , Wu Shen-Ping 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common complication of esophageal cancer surgery that can affect quality of life and increase the risk of esophageal stricture and anastomotic leakage. Wendan Decoction (WDD) is a traditional Chinese herbal formula used to treat various gastrointestinal disorders, such as gastritis, functional dyspepsia, and irritable bowel syndrome. Mosapride, a prokinetic agent, functions as a selective 5-hydroxytryptamine 4 agonist, enhancing gastrointestinal motility.
AIM
To evaluate the therapeutic effects of WDD combined with mosapride on GERD after esophageal cancer surgery.
METHODS
Eighty patients with GERD were randomly divided into treatment (receiving WDD combined with mosapride) and control (receiving mosapride alone) groups. The treatment was conducted from January 2021 to January 2023. The primary outcome was improved GERD symptoms as measured using the reflux disease questionnaire (RDQ). The secondary outcomes were improved esophageal motility (measured using esophageal manometry), gastric emptying (measured using gastric scintigraphy), and quality of life [measured via the Short Form-36 (SF-36) Health Survey].
RESULTS
The treatment group showed a notably reduced RDQ score and improved esophageal motility parameters, such as lower esophageal sphincter pressure, peristaltic amplitude, and peristaltic velocity compared to the control group. The treatment group showed significantly higher gastric emptying rates and SF-36 scores (in both physical and mental domains) compared to the control group. No serious adverse effects were observed in either group.
CONCLUSION
WDD combined with mosapride is an effective and safe therapy for GERD after esophageal cancer surgery. It can improve GERD symptoms, esophageal motility, gastric emptying, and the quality of life of patients. Further studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods are required to confirm these findings.
Intercomparison of flux-, gradient-, and variance-based optical turbulence (C
n2) parameterizations
Authors: Pierzyna Maximilian , Hartogensis Oscar , Basu Sukanta , Saathof Rudolf 
Published: April 2024

For free-space optical communication or ground-based optical astronomy,
ample data of optical turbulence strength (C
n
2) are imperative but typically scarce.
Turbulence conditions are strongly site dependent, so their accurate
quantification requires in situ
measurements or numerical weather simulations. If C
n
2 is not measured directly (e.g., with
a scintillometer), C
n
2 parameterizations must be utilized to
estimate it from meteorological observations or model output. Even
though various parameterizations exist in the literature, their
relative performance is unknown. We fill this knowledge gap by
performing a systematic three-way comparison of a flux-, gradient-,
and variance-based parameterization. Each parameterization is applied
to both observed and simulated meteorological variables, and the
resulting C
n
2 estimates are compared against
observed C
n
2 from two scintillometers. The
variance-based parameterization yields the overall best performance,
and unlike other approaches, its application is not limited to the
lowest part of the atmospheric boundary layer (i.e. the surface
layer). We also show that C
n
2 estimated from the output of the
Weather Research and Forecasting model aligns well with observations,
highlighting the value of mesoscale models for optical turbulence
modeling.
Postpartum versus postnatal period: Do the name and duration matter?
Authors: Kumarasinghe Malith , Herath Manoja P. , Hills Andrew P. , Ahuja Kiran D. K. 
Published: April 2024

Introduction
Guidelines and other strategic documents were collated to understand the extent of the global use of terms postpartum and postnatal along with the duration and schedule of maternal care after delivery.

Methods
Postpartum care guidelines and strategies published in English, by international organisations including the World Health Organization, and countries in either the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development or Group of 20 were included in this scoping review. All documents available online with unrestricted access and published before May 31, 2023, were included. The evolution of the World Health Organization’s definition of the period after delivery for mothers and the changes in the schedule of routine maternal care following delivery over time were displayed pictorially. A summary table was then developed to present the level of similarities and differences in the latest available documents from the international organisations and countries belonging to either the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development or the Group of 20.

Results
Ten documents from the World Health Organization, one from the European Board, and 15 country-level guidelines from six countries met the inclusion criteria. The interchangeable use of ‘postpartum’ and ‘postnatal’ is common. While the World Health Organization mentions the definitive length (six weeks) of the postpartum/ postnatal period, it is not stated in documents from other organisations and countries. Additionally, the length and schedule of routine maternal care after delivery vary substantially between organisations/countries, spanning from six weeks to one year with two to six healthcare contacts, respectively.

Conclusion
Through this review, we make a case for a universal harmonisation of the term postpartum when referring to mothers after delivery; add clarity to the documents on the rationale for and duration of the postpartum period; and extend the routine maternal care schedule after delivery to support women in this vulnerable period.
Blood glucose fluctuation and in-hospital mortality among patients with acute myocardial infarction: eICU collaborative research database
Authors: Chen Junhua , Huang Weifang , Liang Nan 
Published: April 2024

Background
To assess the relationship between glycemic variability, glucose fluctuation trajectory and the risk of in-hospital mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Methods
This retrospective cohort study included AMI patients from eICU Collaborative Research Database. In-hospital mortality of AMI patients was primary endpoint. Blood glucose levels at admission, glycemic variability, and glucose fluctuation trajectory were three main study variables. Blood glucose levels at admission were stratified into: normal, intermediate, and high. Glycemic variability was evaluated using the coefficient of variation (CV), divided into four groups based on quartiles: quartile 1: CV≤10; quartile 2: 10<CV≤20; quartile 3: 20<CV≤30; quartile 4: CV>30. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models to assess the relationship between blood glucose levels at admission, glycemic variability, glucose fluctuation trajectory, and in-hospital mortality in patients with AMI.

Results
2590 participants were eventually included in this study. There was a positive relationship between high blood glucose level at admission and in-hospital mortality [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.42, 95%confidence interval (CI): 1.06–1.89]. The fourth quartile (CV>30) of CV was associated with increased in-hospital mortality (HR = 2.06, 95% CI: 1.25–3.40). The findings indicated that only AMI individuals in the fourth quartile of glycemic variability, exhibited an elevated in-hospital mortality among those with normal blood glucose levels at admission (HR = 2.33, 95% CI: 1.11–4.87). Additionally, elevated blood glucose level was a risk factor for in-hospital mortality in AMI patients.

Conclusion
Glycemic variability was correlated with in-hospital mortality, particularly among AMI patients who had normal blood glucose levels at admission. Our study findings also suggest early intervention should be implemented to normalize high blood glucose levels at admission of AMI.
Structural equation modeling for the effects of family dysfunctions and communication on perceived mental health status among under/graduate students in the U.S.
Authors: Shon En-Jung , Lee Lena 
Published: April 2024

Background
Many of the college students expressed experiencing moderate or severe psychological distress. In their emergence as adults, college students encounter significant periods of drastic change. Family functions play a crucial role in determining individuals’ mental health status.

Objectives
The first objective of this study was to investigate whether family communication mediates the relationships between family dysfunctions and perceived mental health status among under/graduate students. The second objective was to investigate whether the mediation effects of family communication on the relationships between family dysfunctions and perceived mental health status differ by gender.

Methods
The current study applied Minuchin’s Structural Family Theory with under/graduate students (N = 348) in Ohio. Structural Equation Modeling was conducted to examine the effects of family dysfunctions and communication on perceived mental health status among under/graduate students.

Results
Disengaged family function significantly influenced family communication, which, in turn, significantly impacted perceived mental health (mediation effect). Enmeshed family function did not show a significant relationship with family communication, whereas family communication had a significant impact on perceived mental health (no mediation effect). The model comparison test indicated that there were differences between males and females: the structural weights of the current path models were consistent with the full models, and there was a significant difference in the effect of parents’ marital status on perceived mental health, with males being significantly impacted in both models.

Conclusions
Practitioners should recognize that improving positive communication skills within the family unit can be a realistic approach to supporting the perceived mental health of under/graduate students. Colleges/universities should offer regular education programs to promote an understanding of the relationship between family communication strategies and the mental health of under/graduate students.