bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of digital device usage and dry eye disease in school children
Authors: Jadeja Jagruti N , Shroff Kruti V , Shah Ashka , Pandey Ashish , Dubey Shubhra 
Published: June 2024

Purpose:
To investigate the influence of digital device use (computers, laptops, tablets, smartphones) on dry eye disease (DED) in a pediatric population.

Settings and Design:
This was a cross-sectional study. School children studying in grades 5–9 at two private schools in the city of Ahmedabad, the capital city of Gujarat, India were invited to participate in the study.

Methods:
In this study, 462 children underwent ocular examination including tear film breakup time (TBUT) and Schirmer’s test. Questionnaires were administered for collecting information on the type and duration of digital device usage separately for academic and leisure activities and the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score.

Results:
The mean age of participants was 11.2 + 1.4 years, and 63% were boys. The mean OSDI score was 37.2 + 11.8, and 90.5% had symptoms of DED. Children with moderate to severe DED (n = 88, 19%) had longer daily duration of device use and lower Schirmer’s test and TBUT values compared to children with mild DED (P = 0.001). A cumulative exposure time of more than 3–3.5 h per day had a significantly increased risk of DED. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that increment in computer usage (odds ratio [OR] 1.94 for every half an hour increase, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.2–3.1) and children studying in higher grades (OR 1.30, 95% CI = 1.1–1.6) had a higher risk of moderate to severe dry eye.

Conclusion:
Cumulative device exposure time of more than 3–3.5 h per day had a significantly increased risk of pediatric DED. Children with an increment in computer usage by half an hour per day had a higher chance of experiencing moderate to severe dry eye. Policymakers should aim to restrict the screen time below 3 h on a daily basis.
Correlation between Clinical and Audiological Factors with Ossicular Chain Continuity in Chronic Otitis Media
Authors: Pandey Kartikey , Baisakhiya Nitish , Batni Gaurav , Mishra Ankit , Patil Anmol 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
Chronic otitis media (COM) with the perforation of the tympanic membrane, myringoplasty is preferred treatment, but if ossicles are involved, myringoplasty is done with ossiculoplasty which is termed as tympanoplasty. Preoperative assessment of ossicular status is important to decide the type of tympanoplasty. Ossicular chain continuity is generally seen in the patient who has short duration of disease and smaller air–bone gap. Our study was conducted to support the relationship between preoperative clinical, audiological, and other factors in relation to the ossicular chain status.

Materials and Methods:
This was a prospective, cross-sectional study conducted at a tertiary care center, for 2-year duration (November 2019 to November 2021), on 100 patients who presented with COM (mucosal type). Preoperative diagnosis and assessment based on the clinical examination and investigations were compared with operative findings.

Results:
Thirty percent of the patients had ear discharge duration <1 year, 28% had 1–5 years, and 18% patients had 6–10-year duration. Hearing loss was present in 80% of the cases. Correlation of pure-tone average (PTA) with ossicular chain status was significant with P = 0.028. The majority of patients were in the moderate category 31% and 19.36% of patients had ossicular chain defect. The second common category was mild hearing loss (24%), of which 4.17% of patients showed ossicular chain defect.

Conclusion:
Maximum percentages of patients with severe hearing loss had ossicular chain discontinuity followed by profound hearing loss. Most of cases had moderate to moderately severe conductive hearing loss in PTA. As the air–bone gap increases, the possibility of ossicular discontinuity increases.
Public Organization Participation in the Prevention of Sexual Crimes against Minors and Adolescents: International Practices
Authors: Azhibekova Saltanat , Kulmukhanbetova Bibigul 
Published: June 2024

Background:
The study of how to prevent crimes against kids’ and adolescents’ sexual freedom and inviolability is an ongoing topic of interest for scientific-legal doctrine. In Kazakhstan, the trend of the dynamics of committing such crimes is relatively high, as in other countries, which indicates the need to change approaches and means to prevent such sexual offenses.

Aim and Objective:
The goal of this study is to analyze statistical data on the number of crimes against minors and adolescents’ sexual integrity in Kazakhstan, as well as the effectiveness of domestic and international best practices in combating this issue, as well as the level of public sector involvement in this process.

Materials and Methods:
The issue under study is quite broad in its content; therefore, several scientific and methodological tools were used for its in-depth study. The functional and dialectical approaches are specifically mentioned, along with the methods of analysis and synthesis, comparison, formal-legal procedure, and generalization.

Results:
Both theoretical and practical facets of the issue under investigation were examined as a result of the research that was done. Accordingly, at the beginning of the study, all the necessary theoretical foundations for a qualitative understanding of the research object are covered.

Conclusions:
The practical part of the study determines the effectiveness of the available methods for preventing sexual crimes against minors and adolescents, considers the regulations governing this type of criminal offense, and analyses the approaches and tools used by foreign countries in this area.
Atropine: Updates on myopia pharmacotherapy
Authors: Shahsuvaryan Marianne L. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The prevalence of myopia has rapidly increased over the last 30 years, with the World Health Organization estimating a worldwide incidence of 23%, projected to increase to 50% by 2050. The myopia epidemic has prompted a reincarnation in efforts to overcome this challenge. The exploration of atropine use in myopia was a result due to a lack of treatment in effect. This study aimed at reviewing the role of atropine in the management of myopia worldwide based on currently available findings. A literature search was conducted using PubMed/MEDLINE and Google Scholar for studies published up to April 2022 inclusive. Articles with high or medium clinical relevance were selected for this review. Multiple studies have demonstrated the relevance and efficacy rates of different concentrations of atropine, despite still insufficiently explained the exact site and mechanism of action of atropine in slowing myopia progression. Currently available findings highlight that topical atropine opened a new page in pharmacotherapy of myopia and have shown a high therapeutic effect on myopia progression in Asian and European child population, irrespective of ethnicity. There is potential for myopia control with fewer side effects using lower concentrations but still exists a room for improvement, underscoring the requirement of modified atropine topical preparations with increased bioavailability, potentially with nanoparticle formulations, to enable the effective management of myopia.
SANITASI DAN HIGIENITAS PADA PROSES PEMBUATAN RENDANG BEBEK DI TEACHING FACTORY
Authors: Agustin Mardiana Nur , Aini Mahmudah Nur , Kurniawan David 
Published: June 2024

Objektif.
Kasus keracunan makanan dapat bersumber dari unit pengolahan makanan. Salah satu unit pengolahan rendang bebek adalah Teaching Factory. Penelitian ini mengkaji penerapan sanitasi dan higienitas pada proses pembuatan rendang bebek serta dapat menjadi bahan pedoman tentang cara pengolahan pangan yang baik dan benar bagi pekerja di unit produksi Teaching Factory sehingga dapat meningkatkan kualitas produk.
Material and Metode. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Proses pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara dengan informan, observasi, serta membandingkan dengan literature
Hasil. Praktik sanitasi dan higienitas yang dilakukan di Teaching Factory secara keseluruhan sudah dilaksanakan dengan cukup baik.
Kesimpulan. Terdapat 5 tahapan sanitasi dan higienitas yang telah sesuai dengan peraturan pemerintah. Sebaliknya, terdapat 3 tahapan kunci sanitasi dan higienitas yang belum dilakukan maksimal sehingga diperlukan adanya perbaikan tindakan sanitasi dan higienitas.
KONSEP PEMBINAAN AKHLAK DAN KESEHATAN MENTAL REMAJA PERSPEKTIF IMAM AL-GHAZALI
Authors: Salsabila Anita Silmin , Tentiasih Septyana 
Published: June 2024

Moral development and mental health have a close relationship with adolescents, including students. Basically, the manifestation of moral formation is not only about changes in attitudes that are visible physically but also the transformation of perspectives, mindsets, spirituality, and also feelings in a more positive direction. On the other hand, mental health issues are sometimes still considered not very important by our society. It turns out that it actually provides a lot of knowledge when examined further. Mental health will be achieved when a person's psychological condition is in a normal state in other words far from anxiety, fear, loneliness, anxiety, and emptiness. In fact, at the school level there are still many types of juvenile delinquency committed by students due to lack of understanding of morals. Not only that, today's teenagers also become more vulnerable to mental health problems due to various factors. Of course, this problem will be very worrying if it is not handled immediately duly. Therefore, in this paper will be discussed about Imam Al-Ghazali's point of view on the concept of moral formation and also mental health and how to apply it.
Keywords: Moral Formation; Mental Healt; Imam Al-Ghazali.
Nhận thức về kiến thức và ảnh hưởng của COVID-19 ở học sinh trung học cơ sở tại Hà Nội và mối liên quan với thành tích học tập
Authors: Vinh Ngô Anh , Hùng Nguyễn Tân 
Published: June 2024

Nghiên cứu này nhằm mô tả nhận thức về kiến thức và tác động của đại dịch COVID-19 tới học sinh ở nội thành Hà Nội và mối liên hệ với kết quả học tập năm 2022. Tổng số 2378 học sinh tại 2 trường THCS tham gia, với thông tin khảo sát bao gồm yếu tố cá nhân, gia đình, học lực và nhận thức về tác động của COVID-19. Sử dụng mô hình hồi quy Logistic thứ bậc đa tầng, kết quả cho thấy trung bình điểm tự nhận thức về kiến thức COVID-19 của học sinh là 7,0 (SD = 1,98), trung bình điểm tự nhận thức về ảnh hưởng của biện pháp cách ly là 4,17 (SD = 2,98), và trung bình điểm tự nhận thức về ảnh hưởng sức khỏe là 3,98 (SD = 2,98). Học sinh có điểm nhận thức về kiến thức COVID-19 càng cao thì xác suất học lực yếu càng thấp (OR = 0,83, 95%CI = 0,80 - 0,87), trong khi điểm nhận thức về tác động sức khỏe càng cao thì xác suất học lực yếu càng cao (OR = 1,06, 95%CI = 1,02 - 1,11). Nghiên cứu cho thấy ảnh hưởng tiêu cực của dịch bệnh đến sức khỏe góp phần làm giảm thành tích học tập, nhấn mạnh nhu cầu cấp thiết về việc hỗ trợ sức khỏe tâm lý và thể chất cho học sinh.
A 12-year climate record of wintertime wave-affected marginal ice zones in the Atlantic Arctic based on CryoSat-2
Authors: Zhu Weixin , Liu Siqi , Xu Shiming , Zhou Lu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract. The wave-affected marginal ice zone (MIZ) is an essential part of the sea ice cover and crucial to the atmosphere–ice–ocean interaction in the polar region. While we primarily rely on in situ campaigns for studying MIZs, significant challenges exist for the remote sensing of MIZs by satellites. This study develops a novel retrieval algorithm for wave-affected MIZs based on the delay-Doppler radar altimeter on board CryoSat-2 (CS2). CS2 waveform power and waveform stack statistics are used to determine the part of the sea ice cover affected by waves. Based on the CS2 data since 2010, we generate a climate record of wave-affected MIZs in the Atlantic Arctic, spanning 12 winters between 2010 and 2022 (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8176585, Zhu et al., 2023). The MIZ record indicates no significant change in the mean MIZ width or the extreme width, although large temporal and spatial variability is present. In particular, extremely wide MIZ events (over 300 km) are observed in the Barents Sea, whereas in other parts of the Atlantic Arctic, MIZ events are typically narrower. We also compare the CS2-based retrieval with the retrievals based on the laser altimeter of ICESat2 and the synthetic aperture radar images from Sentinel-1. Under spatial and temporal collocation, we attain good agreement among the MIZ retrievals based on the three different types of satellite payloads. Moreover, the traditional sea-ice-concentration-based definition of MIZ yields systematically narrower MIZs than CS2, and no statistically significant correlation exists between the two. Beyond its application to CS2, the proposed retrieval algorithm can be adapted to historical and future radar altimetry campaigns. The synergy of multiple satellites can improve the spatial and temporal representation of the altimeters' observation of the MIZs.
An open-source refactoring of the Canadian Small Lakes Model for estimates of evaporation from medium-sized reservoirs
Authors: Clark M. Graham , Carey Sean K. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Eddy covariance (EC) is one of the most effective ways to directly observe evaporation from a lake surface. However, the deployment of EC systems on lakes is costly and technically challenging, which engenders a need for accurate modelling of evaporation from reservoirs for effective management. This study aims to (1) refactor the Canadian Small Lakes Model (CSLM) into modern high-level programming languages in open-source repositories and (2) evaluate evaporation estimates from the CSLM using 9 years of EC observations of a pit lake in Northern Alberta. The CSLM is a 1-D physical lake model simulating a mixing layer and an arbitrary thick skin layer which interfaces with the atmosphere and includes a module for ice dynamics. It was developed to interface with the Canadian global coupled models as part of the surface classification scheme and thus utilizes widely accessible forcing data. In this study the CSLM evaporation estimates are also compared to a commonly used bulk transfer method of estimating evaporation. In general, the CSLM had smaller open-water season error (RMSE of 0.70 mm d−1) than the bulk transfer method (RMSE of 0.83 mm d−1). However, if EC data are available, further improvement can be gained by using an artificial neural network to adjust the modelled fluxes (RMSE of 0.51 mm d−1). This final step can be very useful for gap-filling missing data from lake observation networks as there has been recent attention on the limited coverage of direct open-water evaporation observations in the literature.
Unveiling transboundary challenges in river flood risk management: learning from the Ciliwung River basin
Authors: Rahayu Harkunti Pertiwi , Zulfa Khonsa Indana , Nurhasanah Dewi , Haigh Richard , Amaratunga Dilanthi , Wahdiny In In 
Published: June 2024

Abstract. To cope with massive development, many urban and surrounding rural areas have been agglomerated into a greater metropolitan area, aiming for regional economic development. Many of these metropolitan areas have experienced a dramatic increase in impacted area and economic loss from annual flooding. The issues and challenges emerging from transboundary river flood risk management have become a major concern for the Jakarta metropolitan area with a long river basin crossing several administrative jurisdictions. Previous studies have addressed the challenges of flood risk, but they have tended to overlook transboundary issues and power sharing. To tackle future flood events, this paper aims to unveil transboundary challenges and power sharing in flood management, learning from Ciliwung River. As the longest river basin crossing cities and regencies of Greater Jakarta, the complexity of Ciliwung flood risk management was driven by flood variables triggered not only by natural, physical, and socioeconomic factors, but also by transboundary challenges and power sharing. A total of 13 significant transboundary flood drivers were identified from the literature, policy, and practices. Using Matrice d'Impacts Croisés Multiplication Appliquée á un Classement (MICMAC), a power–dependency model, several strategic key flood drivers were further recognized based on key stakeholders' perspectives obtained from in-depth interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs). Findings of the study show that a lack of control of spatial plans and weak stakeholder coordination–cooperation are found to be the priority key flood drivers for risk reduction intervention. Finally, this study contributes to the literature on governance of flood risk management by emphasizing the need for a coordinated and integrated approach to mitigate flood risks that extend beyond administrative boundaries, enhancing overall resilience and sustainability.
Concept for forecasting the development of qualified worker’s and technician’s system training
Authors: Блинов В.И. , Сергеев И.С. , Есенина Е.Ю. 
Published: June 2024

Ведение. Анонсированные Минпросвещением планы разработать к осени 2024 года новую стратегию развития образования актуализируют проблему прогнозирования развития системы подготовки квалифицированных рабочих и специалистов среднего звена. Цель. Разработка методологии прогнозирования готовности системы среднего профессионального образования к решению задачи обеспечения экономики в квалифицированных кадрах. Методы. Использованы методы сравнительного и обобщающего анализа научных публикаций о подходах к прогнозированию и его практиках в России и за рубежом, экстраполяции данных, моделирования, теоретического и кластерного анализа, синтеза и концептуализации. Результат. Представлена концепция прогнозирования развития системы подготовки квалифицированных рабочих и специалистов среднего звена, включающая типы данных и параметры, используемые для прогнозирования, его этапы, методы работы с данными. Научная новизна состоит в обосновании путей использования инструментов аналитики больших данных (прогнозной аналитики) для управления развитием системы профессионального образования. Практическая значимость. Предложен инструментарий прогнозирования и алгоритмы его использования для управления развитием системы СПО: средства прогнозной аналитики, требования к данным, используемым в системе прогнозной аналитики, этапы прогнозирования и условия эффективности его результатов.
Introduction. The announced plans of the Ministry of Education to develop a new education strategy by the autumn of 2024 make the problem of forecasting the development of the training system of qualified workers and technicians relevant. The aim of this article is to develop a methodology for forecasting the level of readiness of the secondary vocational education system to solve the problem of the qualified personnell provision for the economy. Methods. The authors used methods of comparative and general analysis of scientific data on approaches to forecasting and its practices in Russia and abroad, data extrapolation, modeling, theoretical and cluster analysis, synthesis and conceptualisation. Results. A strategy for forecasting the development of a system for training qualified workers and technicians is presented, including the types of data and parameters used for forecasting, its stages, and methods of working with data. The scientific novelty lies in the substantiation of ways to use big data analytics tools (predictive analytics) to manage the development of the vocational education system. The practical significance lies in the proposed set of forecasting tools and algorithms for its use to manage the development of the secondary vocational education system. Among them: predictive analytics tools, data requirements used in the predictive analytics system, forecasting stages and conditions for the effectiveness of its results.
Analysis of the regulatory and legal framework of forecasting and strategic planning in Russia
Authors: Осадчева С.А. , Куртеева Л.Н. , Сатдыков А.И. 
Published: June 2024

Введение. Прогнозирование и стратегическое планирование перспективных потребностей в рабочей силе и развитие среднего профессионального образования регламентированы законодательством Российской Федерации. Вопросы применения современных методов прогнозирования требуют рассмотрения в контексте требований установленных норм. Цель. Освещение результатов анализа нормативных и методических документов, определяющих вопросы прогнозирования и стратегического планирования развития системы образования Российской Федерации. Методы. Использованы методы обобщающего анализа содержания нормативных документов, систематизации актуальной правовой информации в разрезе задач прогнозирования и стратегического планирования. Результаты. Систематизирована информация о документах, определяющих актуальную нормативно-правовую рамку разработок, направленных на создание перспективных прогнозов развития образования, а также на создание концепций и документации стратегического планирования. Научная новизна. В ходе анализа выявлены современные направления прогнозирования и стратегического планирования, нашедшие отражение в нормативно-правовой документации последних лет. Практическая значимость. Приведенные в статье данные могут быть использованы разработчиками прогностических и планирующих документов стратегического характера, а также членами проектных групп, выполняющих работы, связанные с формированием прогнозов и стратегических планов развития.
Introduction. Forecasting and strategic planning of long-term labor needs and the development of secondary vocational education are regulated by the legislation of the Russian Federation. The issues of applying modern forecasting methods require consideration in the context of the requirements of established norms. Aim. The coverage of the results of the analysis of normative and methodological documents, which define the issues of forecasting and strategic planning of the development of the education system of the Russian Federation. Methods. The methods of generalizing analysis of the content of normative documents, systematization of relevant legal information in the context of forecasting and strategic planning tasks are used. Result. The information on documents defining the current regulatory framework for developments aimed at creating long-term forecasts for the development of education, as well as creating concepts and documentation for strategic planning is systematised. Scientific novelty. Modern directions of forecasting and strategic planning were identified, which were reflected in the regulatory and legal documentation of recent years. Practical significance. The data obtained and systematised in the article can be used by the developers of predictive and planning documents of a strategic nature, as well as members of project teams whose work is related to the formation of forecasts and strategic development plans.