bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing the Clique Percolation algorithm to other overlapping community detection algorithms in psychological networks: A Monte Carlo simulation study
Authors: Ribeiro Santiago Pedro Henrique , Soares Gustavo Hermes , Quintero Adrian , Jamieson Lisa 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn psychological networks, one limitation of the most used community detection algorithms is that they can only assign each node (symptom) to a unique community, without being able to identify overlapping symptoms. The clique percolation (CP) is an algorithm that identifies overlapping symptoms but its performance has not been evaluated in psychological networks. In this study, we compare the CP with model parameters chosen based on fuzzy modularity (CPMod) with two other alternatives, the ratio of the two largest communities (CPRat), and entropy (CPEnt). We evaluate their performance to: (1) identify the correct number of latent factors (i.e., communities); and (2) identify the observed variables with substantive (and equally sized) cross-loadings (i.e., overlapping symptoms). We carried out simulations under 972 conditions (3x2x2x3x3x3x3): (1) data categories (continuous, polytomous and dichotomous); (2) number of factors (two and four); (3) number of observed variables per factor (four and eight); (4) factor correlations (0.0, 0.5, and 0.7); (5) size of primary factor loadings (0.40, 0.55, and 0.70); (6) proportion of observed variables with substantive cross-loadings (0.0%, 12.5%, and 25.0%); and (7) sample size (300, 500, and 1000). Performance was evaluated through the Omega index, Mean Bias Error (MBE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), sensitivity, specificity, and mean number of isolated nodes. We also evaluated two other methods, Exploratory Factor Analysis and the Walktrap algorithm modified to consider overlap (EFA-Ov and Walk-Ov, respectively). The Walk-Ov displayed the best performance across most conditions and is the recommended option to identify communities with overlapping symptoms in psychological networks.
Interpersonal Process of Dyadic Coping in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Perspective From the Australian Rheumatology Association Database
Authors: Mittinty Manasi M. , Mittinty Murthy N. , Buchbinder Rachelle , Lassere Marissa , Chand Vibhasha , Whittle Samuel , March Lyn , Hill Catherine 
Published: May 2024

ObjectiveDyadic coping, the process of coping that transpires between couples challenged by one partner’s illness, is an important predictor of disease adjustment and patient well-being. However, the extent of dyadic coping in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains unclear. This study examines the effect of dyadic coping on psychological distress and relationship quality from the perspectives of both participants with RA and their spouses.MethodsParticipants and their spouses were invited to participate in an online survey study if they were aged ≥ 18 years and had lived together for more than a year. The survey included the Chronic Pain Grade Scale, Dyadic Coping Inventory, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, and Dyadic Adjustment Scale. Participants and spouses completed the survey independently. The actor-partner interdependence model was used to analyze the dyadic data.ResultsOne hundred sixty-three couples participated. Our findings showed that participants who reported higher supportive dyadic coping reported lower depression, anxiety, and stress, and higher relationship quality, whereas participants who reported higher negative dyadic coping reported higher depression, anxiety, and stress, and lower relationship quality. Spouses who reported higher supportive dyadic coping reported higher relationship quality, but no effect on depression, anxiety, and stress was observed. In contrast, spouses who reported higher negative dyadic coping reported higher levels of depression, anxiety, and stress, and lower relationship quality.ConclusionParticipants’ and spouses’ perceptions of supportive and negative dyadic coping closely influenced their psychological distress and relationship quality. Further, having a partner with RA also seemed to affect the spouse, especially when there was a negative dyadic coping pattern.
Integrating Perspectives on Family Caregiving After Critical Illness: A Qualitative Content Analysis
Authors: Moale Amanda C. , Motter Erica M. , Eisenhauer Peter , Gandhi Nimit , Kim S. Peter , Girard Tim D. , Reynolds Charles F. , Leland Natalie E. , Chang Judy C. , Scheunemann Leslie P. 
Published: May 2024

Background
To date, no intervention has definitively improved outcomes for families of critical illness survivors. An integrated perspective on caregivers’ needs after critical illness could help identify high-priority intervention targets and improve outcomes.

Objectives
To obtain diverse perspectives on the needs, barriers and facilitators, and social determinants of health associated with family caregiving across the critical illness continuum and assess the extent to which successful caregiving interventions in other populations may be adapted to the critical illness context.

Methods
This qualitative content analysis of 31 semistructured interviews and 10 focus groups with family caregivers, health care providers, and health care administrators explored family caregivers’ needs during post– intensive care unit (ICU) transitions and the barriers and facilitators associated with addressing them. Trained coders analyzed transcripts, identified patterns and categories among the codes, and generated themes.

Results
Caregivers have 3 instrumental needs: formal and informal support, involvement in care planning, and education and training. Only caregivers described their self-care and mental health needs. Social determinants of health are the key barriers and facilitators shaping the caregivers’ journey, and caregiving as a social determinant of health was a prominent theme.

Conclusions
Caregivers have instrumental, self-care, and mental health needs after critical illness. Adapting hands-on and skills training interventions to the post-ICU setting, while tailoring interventions to caregivers’ health-related social context, may improve caregiver outcomes.
A Model with Feedback Mechanism for Learning Hand-Eye Coordination: A Pilot Study
Authors: Bajaj Jitin , Yadav Yad R , Sinha Mallika , Kumar Ambuj , Hedaoo Ketan , Ratre Shailendra , Parihar Vijay , Swamy Narayan M 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Practicing neuroendoscopic skills like hand-eye coordination is mandatory before embarking on actual surgeries. Synthetic models are able alternatives for cadavers and animals. Presently available models in the literature are either very costly or lack a feedback mechanism, which makes training difficult.

Objective:
We aimed to make a basic low-cost neuroendoscopic hand-eye coordination model with a feedback mechanism.

Methods and Materials:
An electronic circuit in series was designed inside a clay utensil to test inadvertent contact of the working instrument with implanted steel pins, which on completion lighted a light-emitting diode (LED) and raised an alarm. Two exercises—moving-a-rubber exercise and passing copper rings of multiple sizes were made and tested by 15 neurosurgeons.

Results:
The moving-a-rubber exercise was completed by 6/15 (40%) neurosurgeons in the first attempt, 6/15 (40%) in the second, and 3/15 (20%) in the third attempt. For the 1.5 cm copper ring passing exercise, 12/15 (80%) successfully performed in the first attempt; for 1 cm copper ring, 6/15 (40%) performed in the first; and for the 0.5 cm copper ring, 1/15 (6.6%) performed in the first attempt. The time to finish all the exercises significantly decreased in the third successful attempt compared to the first.

Conclusion:
The model gave excellent feedback to the trainee and examiner for basic neuroendoscopic hand-eye coordination skills.
Surgery Versus Endovascular Treatment for Proximal Anterior Cerebral Artery Aneurysms: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: You Zongqi , Xiang Yaoxian , Dai Junxi , Huang Xinying , Wu Qi , Zhang Xin 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Proximal anterior cerebral artery (PACA) aneurysms account for less than 1% of all intracranial aneurysms. These aneurysms possess a challenge to surgeons due to their small size, wide base, fragile wall, and accompanying vascular anomalies. Surgery and endovascular treatment are both effective treatment options for PACA aneurysms but there is currently no consensus on which is the method of choice.

Objective:
A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to investigate treatment strategies for aneurysms at proximal anterior cerebral artery.

Material and Methods:
The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PubMed, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched for studies published between January 01, 2000 and December 01, 2020 that investigated surgery and/or endovascular treatment for patients with PACA.

Results and Conclusions:
Nineteen retrospective studies involving 358 patients met the inclusion criteria. Among these patients, 150 were treated surgically and 208 were treated using an endovascular technique. Preoperative morbidity was significantly greater in the surgical patients compared with the endovascular treated patients but there was no difference between groups in procedural related morbidity. The rates of favorable clinical outcome at time of discharge and at follow-up were statistically significantly greater in the endovascular group compared with the surgical group. Procedural related mortality was 8.7% for the surgical group and 1% in the endovascular group. In summary, our meta-analysis emphasized the safety and efficiency of endovascular treatment, and concluded that it was superior to surgery in acquiring favorable clinical outcome and reducing the perioperative complications. However, surgery was still the preferred treatment strategy for ruptured PACA aneurysms. Preoperative evaluation seems to be of great vital.
Morphometric Analysis of the Neural Arch of C2 Vertebra in Indian Population
Authors: Varghese Jija E. , Rabi Suganthy , Joseph Vivek , Jeyaseelan Lakshmanan , Prithishkumar Ivan J. 
Published: May 2024

Background and Objective:
The most common injuries to upper cervical spine are fractures of the second cervical vertebrae. The study aims to evaluate the morphometry of the neural arch of the second cervical vertebrae in the South Indian population.

Materials and Methods:
Sixty-three second cervical vertebrae of undetermined gender and age without any gross defect were used for the study. The dimensions of neural arch, including superior articular facet, inferior articular facet, pediculoisthmic component, lamina, spinous process, foramen transversarium, and vertebral foramen, were measured by two independent observers using digital vernier caliper accurate to 0.1 mm and the data was analyzed. Descriptive statistics were obtained for the variables. Paired t-test was done to compare the measurements between right and left sides.

Results:
There was no statistical difference between the right and left sides of the dimensions of superior articular facets, foramen transversarium, and the transverse diameter of inferior articular facet. The anteroposterior diameter of the inferior articular facets was more on the right side (P = 0.009). The width of the pediculoisthmic component in both the superior and inferior aspects was found to be less on the right side than that of the left (P = 0.006 and P = 0.031, respectively). The thickness in the middle one-third of laminae was optimum for bilateral safe screw insertion (≥4.0 mm) in 77% specimens.

Conclusion:
In summary, measurements of the transverse diameter of superior articular facet and thickness of lamina differed significantly from those reported in literature. This should be kept in mind while doing neurosurgery procedures in the Indian population.
Classification of Glioblastoma Associated with Immune Checkpoints and Tumor Microenvironment based on Immunogenomic Profiling
Authors: Zheng Ping , Zhang Xiaoxue , Ren Dabin , Bai Qingke 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Immune microenvironment is involved in tumor initiation and progression, and its effect on glioblastoma (GBM) is still unknown.

Object:
We sought to investigate the association between immune status and GBM.

Methods:
Transcriptome data and the relevant clinical data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases, and we identified two immune subtypes based on 29 immune-associated gene sets.

Results:
Through single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA), we found that the high-immunity subtype had the most tumor-infiltrating immune cells and immune checkpoint molecules in GBM patients. Furthermore, we could more effectively identify immune signature pathways in GBM.

Conclusion:
After validation with the GEO dataset, we conclude that the identified GBM high-immune subtypes may be amenable to the application of novel immune therapy for GBM.
Omentin-1 May Be One Treatment Factor for Intravenous Thrombolysis of Acute Cerebral Infarction Through the Inhibition of NLRP3 Ubiquitination by AMPK Function: Preliminary Findings
Authors: Xu Junjiao , Huang Shiren 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Acute cerebral infarction (ACI) is a common neurological disease that is associated with high morbidity, disability and mortality rates. At present, antiplatelet therapy is a necessary treatment for ACI. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of omentin-1 on the intravenous thrombolysis of ACI.

Objective:
The present study aimed to investigate the effects of omentin-1 on the intravenous thrombolysis of ACI.

Material and Methods:
The mouse model of ACI was induced using male C57BL/6 mice through middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Meanwhile, the murine BV2 microglial cells were pretreated with 0.1 mg/ml of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and then induced with 2 mM of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

Results:
The omentin-1 mRNA expression in patients receiving intravenous thrombolysis for ACI was down-regulated compared with the normal group. Additionally, the serum level of omentin-1 was negatively correlated with National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score or serum level of IL-1β or MMP-2 in patients receiving intravenous thrombolysis for ACI. Meanwhile, the serum mRNA expression of omentin-1 was positively correlated with Barthel index or high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in patients undergoing intravenous thrombolysis for ACI. As observed from the in vitro model, Omentin-1 reduced inflammation, promoted cell growth, alleviated ROS-induced oxidative stress, and enhanced AMPK activity through activating NLRP3 ubiquitination. Omentin-1 presented ACI in the mouse model of ACI. Regulating AMPK activity contributed to controlling the effects of Omentin-1 on the in vitro model.

Conclusions:
Omentin-1 reduced neuroinflammation and ROS-induced oxidative stress in the mouse model of ACI, which was achieved by inhibiting NLRP3 ubiquitination through regulating AMPK activity. Therefore, omentin-1 may serve as a treatment factor for the intravenous thrombolysis of ACI in further clinical application.
Evaluation of Peripheral Blood Inflammatory Markers in Patients with Chronic Subdural Hematoma
Authors: Kayalar Ali E , Ozlu Eylem B K , Etli Mustafa U , Calisaneller Arif T 
Published: May 2024

Background and Aim:
Chronic subdural hematoma (CSH) refers to intracranial hemorrhages frequently caused by minor head trauma and is mostly seen in middle and advanced age. One of the hypotheses regarding the development of CSH is that the inflammatory cascade plays a pivotal role in this process.

Materials and Methods:
The inclusion criteria covered patients in all ages who were diagnosed as CSH by computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging and treated by surgical intervention in our clinic between 2018 and 2020. Patient files were reviewed retrospectively, and medical records of age, gender, trauma history, unilateral or bilateral lesion, and leukocyte, neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocytes, and platelet counts were obtained. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used for the most appropriate neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet–lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and age discrimination in the presence of CSH, and multiple logistic regression analyses were used to determine the effect of independent factors on dependent variables.

Results:
A total of 68 cases, 57 (83.8%) male and 11 (16.2%) female, aged between 13 and 93, were included in the study. The mean age of the patients included in the study was 72.59 ± 13.13 years. NLR of the cases ranged from 1.37 to 34.18, with a mean of 6.53 ± 6.74 and a median of 3.57. NLR and PLR were found to be statistically significantly higher in CSH patients compared to the healthy control group, and the cut-off values for NLR, PLR, and age were 2.8, 132, and 55, respectively. Age and NLR were found to be independent factors associated with CSH (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
As seen from the results of this study, peripheral blood values in CSH patients may be significantly higher than in the healthy control group, while they are below the normal laboratory cut-off values.
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Levetiracetam in Different Trimesters of Pregnant Women with Epilepsy in a Tertiary Care Center: A Prospective Study
Authors: Kumaravel J , Sarma Phulen , Suri Vanita , Singh Parampreet , Prakash Ajay , Medhi Bikash 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Levetiracetam is the most commonly used antiepileptic drug in pregnant women due to its low teratogenic risk profile, favorable pharmacokinetic characteristics, and safety profile. Serum levels of levetiracetam vary in epilepsy during pregnancy. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate the serum levels of levetiracetam during different trimesters of pregnancy by using therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM).

Materials and Methods:
This was a single-center, prospective study. Pregnant women with epilepsy on levetiracetam were enrolled after getting written informed consent from them. Serum trough levels of levetiracetam were estimated at all trimesters by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Results:
The study included 16 participants with mean ± standard deviation (SD) age of 27.75 ± 4 years. There were nine (56.2%) participants with generalized seizure disorder and seven (43.8%) participants of focal seizure disorder. Among 16 patients, 10 (62.5%) participants were on levetiracetam alone and six (37.5%) participants were on levetiracetam combined with other antiepileptic drugs. In a total of 48 trough samples, 45 sample concentrations were below the therapeutic range of 12–46 mg/l and three sample concentrations were within the therapeutic range. There was a statistically significant difference in the concentration–dose ratio (CDR) of levetiracetam between the third and first trimesters (P-value 0.018).

Conclusion:
There was a statistically significant difference in serum levetiracetam concentration between the third and first trimesters. A well-conducted, intensive pharmacokinetic sampling study in PWWE with a control group is needed in future to evaluate the whole pharmacokinetic profile of levetiracetam and to correlate the clinical outcome.
Evaluation of Infantile Brachial Plexopathy Using 3T MRI and High-Resolution Ultrasound: Experience From a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Ramachandran Anupama , Jana Manisha , Kumar Atin , Kandasamy Devasenathipathy , Naranje Priyanka , Gupta Arun Kumar , Gulati Sheffali , Chakrabarty Biswaroop , Singhal Maneesh 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Currently, clinical assessment is the main tool for the evaluation of brachial plexus injury, complemented by electrophysiologic studies (EPS), and imaging studies whenever available. Imaging plays an important role as it enables the differentiation of pre-ganglionic and postganglionic injuries, and adds objectivity to presurgical evaluation.

Objectives:
The primary objective was to evaluate the utility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and high-resolution ultrasonography (USG) in the localization and characterization of brachial plexus injury in infants.

Materials and Methods:
In this prospective study, 34 infants with signs and symptoms of brachial plexus injury were evaluated by clinical examination, EPS, MRI, and USG. Imaging findings were correlated with intraoperative findings in infants who underwent surgical management. The association between EPS and MRI findings, and USG and MRI findings were assessed using Fisher’s exact test. Semi-quantitative subjective analysis of various MRI sequences was done as well.

Results:
The most common findings of preganglionic injury and postganglionic injury, in our study, were pseudomeningocele and nerve thickening, respectively. MRI detection of injuries had a significant association with EPS findings. All MRI-detected injuries had a muscle power of grade 3 or less. muscle. Three-dimensional (3D) short tau inversion recovery (STIR) sequence was found to be superior for detecting postganglionic injuries (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Imaging studies enable localization of the site of injury, determining the extent, and nature/morphology of injury. The gamut of findings obtained from MRI is far wider compared to that from USG. USG can be used as the first-line screening investigation.
Snakebite-Associated Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Bonilla-Aldana D. Katterine , Bonilla-Aldana Jorge Luis , Ulloque-Badaracco Juan R. , Al-kassab-Córdova Ali , Hernandez-Bustamante Enrique A. , Alarcon-Braga Esteban A. , Siddiq Abdelmonem , Benites-Zapata Vicente A. , Rodriguez-Morales Alfonso J. , Luna Camila , Suarez Jose A. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT.
Snakebites still constitute a significant public health problem in developing countries and are considered a neglected tropical condition by the WHO. Snake accidents are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality and may produce secondary complications, such as severe infections. The objective of this systematic review was to determine the prevalence of snakebite infections and characterize the bacteria isolated from these infections. A systematic literature review in five databases was carried out to assess the prevalence of snakebite infection. A meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model to calculate the pooled prevalence and 95% CIs. Cochran’s Q test and the I2 statistic were used to assess between-study heterogeneity. The pooled prevalence of infection due to snakebite was 27.0% (95% CI: 22.0–32.0%), with high heterogeneity among studies (I2 = 99.7%). The prevalence was higher in Asia (32%) than in the Americas (21%). Snakebite infections required surgical interventions in 68% (95% CI: 37.0–98.0%). The leading group of pathogens identified corresponded to Gram-negative bacteria (63%), particularly Morganella morganii (32%), but also, Gram-positive cocci (40%), especially Enterococcus spp. (23%) and Staphylococcus aureus (15%). However, multiple other pathogens, including anaerobes, were found. A high prevalence of snakebite-associated infection has been described, primarily due to M. morganii, with the corresponding implications for empirical therapy. Rational use of antimicrobials is recommended, and this should guide initial empirical treatment. Moreover, isolation and identification of the possible bacteria present in snakebite wounds is recommended in all cases to confirm or rule out associated infection.