bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preliminary Characterization of Melanin Isolated from Fruits and Seeds of <i>Nyctanthes arbor-tristis</i>
Authors: Kannan P. , Ganjewala D. 
Published: September 2009

Melanin from Nyctanthes arbor-tristis fruits and seeds was isolated and purified by alkaline extraction, acid hydrolysis and organic solvents. Each, fruit and seed yielded melanin 50 mg/100g tissue weight. The melanins of fruit and seeds were analyzed by UV-visible and infrared (IR) spectroscopy for characterization. The IR spectrum of fruit and seed melanins did not match with each other and the seed melanin could be distinguished by their sharp peat at 285 nm from the fruit melanin in IR spectrum. Two melanins have shown absorptions above and below 1600 cm-1 in their respective IR spectrum. The melanins thus characterized were tested for their stability after incubating at different temperatures and in presence of oxidants (KMnO4 and K2Cr2O7) and metal ions (Mg++ and Zn++) for a specified period. The stability of the melanin was assessed by measuring changes in the absorbance at 285 nm. The results revealed that the fruit melanin was more stable at 50 ºC while the seed melanin was quite stable at 25 ºC. However, their stability was markedly affected by oxidants and metal ions. Keywords: Melanin; Nyctanthes arbor-tristis; UV-visible spectroscopy; IR-spectroscopy; Oxidant. © 2009 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v1i3.2005 J. Sci. Res. 1 (3), 655-661 (2009)
Potentiality of Periphyton-based Aquaculture Technology in Rice-fish Environment
Authors: Saikia S. K. , Das D. N. 
Published: September 2009

Periphyton is being used traditionally as rich aquatic feed for fishes throughout the countries like Cambodia, West Africa, Srilanka, India and Bangladesh. In waterlogged rice environment, it can be judiciously utilized as feed source introducing periphytophagous fish. Studies supported rice straw as suitable substrate for periphyton growth. The study of gut content of Common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) from a periphyton-based rice-fish culture system in Apatani Plateau of Arunachal Pradesh, India showed maximum of 60 genera of microflora and fauna with periphytic in nature. The farmers from this rice-fish culture practice are gaining an average fish production of 500kg ha-1 180 day-1 without employing any supplementary feed. Better selection and determination of appropriate stocking density of periphytophagous fish in waterlogged rice-fields might extend the rice-fish culture towards a sustainable and self-substrating periphyton based aquaculture (SSPBA) practice. Keywords: Periphyton; Sustainable agriculture; Rice-fish; Self-substrating; Common carp; Apatani plateau. © 2009 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v1i3.2114 J. Sci. Res. 1 (3), 624-634 (2009)
QSAR Analysis of Aminoquinoline Analogues as MCH1 Receptor Antagonist
Authors: Patel D. K. , Patel N. M. 
Published: September 2009

Quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) has been established for 2-aminoquinoline-6-carboxamide melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) 1R antagonists. The multiple linear regressions were used to generate the relationship between biological activity and calculated descriptors. From the 100 of models with r2 > 0.700 was developed. Final selected model was prepared using four descriptors (DMXC, KChiV4, Rcom, and IM1L) which are belong to topological, steric, spatial and electrotopological class descriptor. The validation of the model was done by cross validation; randomization and external test set prediction. The binding pattern of most active compound B15 was postulated based on the pharmacophoric features to further exploration of QSAR model Keywords: QSAR; MCH1 receptor; Obesity; Aminoquinline. © 2009 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v1i3.2126 J. Sci. Res. 1 (3), 594-605 (2009)
Cordial and 3-Equitable Labeling for Some Shell Related Graphs
Authors: Vaidya S. , Dani N. A. , Kanani K. K. , Vihol P. L. 
Published: September 2009

We present here cordial and 3-equitable labeling for the graphs obtained by joining apex vertices of two shells to a new vertex. We extend these results for k copies of shells.Keywords: Cordial labeling; 3-equitable labeling; Shell.© 2009 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v1i3.2227 J. Sci. Res. 1 (3), 438-449 (2009)
Synthesis of Acryclic Acid Ethyl Ester from Aldehydes Catalyzed by Copper Triflates
Authors: Bari M. A. , Hossain M. I. , Miah M. A. J. 
Published: September 2009

Periphyton is being used traditionally as rich aquatic feed for fishes throughout the countries like Cambodia, West Africa, Srilanka, India and Bangladesh. In waterlogged rice environment, it can be judiciously utilized as feed source introducing periphytophagous fish. Studies supported rice straw as suitable substrate for periphyton growth. The study of gut content of Common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) from a periphyton-based rice-fish culture system in Apatani Plateau of Arunachal Pradesh, India showed maximum of 60 genera of microflora and fauna with periphytic in nature. The farmers from this rice-fish culture practice are gaining an average fish production of 500kg ha-1 180 day-1 without employing any supplementary feed. Better selection and determination of appropriate stocking density of periphytophagous fish in waterlogged rice-fields might extend the rice-fish culture towards a sustainable and self-substrating periphyton based aquaculture (SSPBA) practice. Keywords: Periphyton; Sustainable agriculture; Rice-fish; Self-substrating; Common carp; Apatani plateau. © 2009 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v1i3.2114 J. Sci. Res. 1 (3), 624-634 (2009)
Polaronic Effects of a Hydrogenic Donor Impurity in Low Dimensional Semiconductor Systems
Authors: Peter A. J. , Radhakrishnan N. 
Published: September 2009

The ground state of a polaron bound to hydrogen like donor impurity is investigated by considering the effect of bulk Longitudinal-Optical (LO) phonon. Donor binding energy of a hydrogenic donor, with the inclusion of electron-phonon interaction is computed for the low-dimensional semiconducting systems like quantum well, quantum well wire and quantum dot taking GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs systems as an example. Calculations are performed using a variational approach within the single band effective mass approximation. The results show that the polaronic effect is more pronounced for the lowest confinement. The polaronic effect enhances the donor binding energy but it diminishes when the well width, wire radius and dot radius become larger. Also the numerical calculations reveal that the influences of phonons on donor are considerable and should not be neglected especially for narrow dimensions in all the three confinements.Keywords: Donor binding energy; Polaronic effect; Quantum dot; Quantum wire; Quantum well.© 2009 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v1i3.2529 J. Sci. Res. 1 (3), 422- 429 (2009)
A High Resolution Pitch Detection Algorithm Based on AMDF and ACF
Authors: Abdullah-Al-Mamun K. , Sarker F. , Muhammad G. 
Published: September 2009

This paper proposes a noise robust high resolution pitch detection algorithm based on AMDF and ACF. The falling trend of AMDF is eliminated by an alignment technique, and AMDF and ACF are combined to take the advantage of their complementary nature. These two functions are combined by multiplication and addition over several band pass filters to enhance important candidates and suppress less important candidates. Then using a sophisticated weight assignment procedure, the candidate with the highest weight is selected as pitch. The proposed method is evaluated on different colored noisy speech at different intensity. Experimental result shows noise robustness of the proposed method in varied environments. Keywords: AMDF; ACM; Pitch; Voice activity detection (VAD). © 2009 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v1i3.2569 J. Sci. Res. 1 (3), 508-515 (2009)
Evaluation of Mustard Genotypes Under Late Sowing Condition in the Southern Region of Bangladesh
Authors: Uddin M. S. , Talukdar M. M. R. , Khan M. S. I. , Huq M. I. , Razzaque M. A. 
Published: September 2009

The experiment was conducted to find out suitable mustard genotypes under late sowing condition for the southern region of Bangladesh. Ten genotypes of Rai groups were sown at five different dates (December 01, December 08, December 15, December 22 and December 29). The highest yield was obtained from December 01 sowing whereas the lowest yield was recorded from December 29 sowing. Ishurdi local and Pucca Rai produced higher yield of 924 kg/ha and 812 kg/ha, respectively and these two genotypes could be sown late up to December 15 for obtaining profitable yield. Keywords: Late sowing; Mustard genotypes; Sowing time; Screening. © 2009 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v1i3.2576 J. Sci. Res. 1 (3), 667-672 (2009)
Friction and Wear Characteristics of TIG Processed Surface Modified Grey Cast Iron
Authors: Pandya S. N. , Nath S. K. , Chaudhary G. P. 
Published: September 2009

The surface of gray cast iron has been modified by Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) process. Welding current of magnitude 25, 35, and 45 amperes have been used to melt the surface of gray cast iron. Microstructural characterization, hardness measurement and dry sliding wear tests have been performed on these modified surfaces. It has been observed that increase in welding current caused the microstructure of grey cast iron to be gradually refined. Graphite flakes segregated between interdendritic regions in the as-received grey cast iron have been completely replaced by a uniform distribution of finer graphite flakes in the matrix. Hardness has been found to increase with increase in welding current. Wear resistance of the gray cast iron also increased with increase in the welding current reaching maximum value for 45 amperes. The increased hardness and wear resistance of these modified surfaces have been explained on the basis of microstructural changes occurring at the surfaces of gray cast iron. Keywords: Gray cast iron; Surface modification; TIG process; Dry sliding wear.© 2009 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.DOI: 10.3329/jsr.vli3.2577 J. Sci. Res. 1 (3), 516-527 (2009)
On Minimally Nonouterplanarity of the Semi Total (Point) Graph of a Graph
Authors: Kulli V. R. , Niranjan K. M. 
Published: September 2009

We present here characterizations of graphs whose semi total (point) graphs are outerplanar and k-minimally nonouterplanar (k = 1, 2 or 3).Keywords: Semi total (Point) graph; Minimally nonouterplanarity; Outerplanar; Block.© 2009 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v1i3.2578 J. Sci. Res. 1 (3), 551-557 (2009)
Role of Mathematical Modeling in Controlled Drug Delivery
Authors: Khan Moharram A. , T Shafeeq. 
Published: September 2009

Controlled drug delivery occurs when a polymer or lipid (natural or synthetic) is judiciously combined with a drug or other active agent in such a way that the active agent is released from the material in a pre-designed manner. The aim of controlling the drug delivery is to achieve more effective therapies while eliminating potential for both under- and overdosing. Controlled delivery systems includes the maintenance of drug levels within a desired range, the need for fewer administrations, optimal use of the drug in question, and increased patient compliance. Mathematical modeling of controlled drug delivery can help to provide a scientific knowledge base concerning the mass transport mechanisms that are involved in the control of drug release. Mathematically, it is identified for designing a particular pharmaceutical system and it can be used to simulate the effect of the device design parameters (viz., geometry and composition) on the resulting drug release kinetics. The objective of this review outlines the application of mathematical modeling to the controlled drug delivery mechanisms, focusing particular attention on drug transport in human breast cancer, treated with the drug Doxorubicin. Keywords: Controlled drug delivery; Diffusion; Doxorubicin; Mathematical Modeling; Release Kinetics.© 2009 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v1i3.2581 J. Sci. Res. 1 (3), 539-550 (2009)
Pesticidal Activities of Some Schiff Bases Derived from Benzoin, Salicylaldehyde, Aminophenol and 2,4 Dinitrophenyl Hydrazine
Authors: Ali M. M. , Jesmin M. , Salam S. M. A. , Khanam J. A. , Islam M. F. , Islam M. N. 
Published: September 2009

The pesticidal activities of three Schiff bases namely PDH [N- (1 phenyl 2 hydroxy 2 phenyl ethylidine) 2¢4¢ dinitrophenyl hydrazine], PHP [N(1-phenyl 2 hydroxy -2 phenyl ethylidine) 2¢ hydroxy phenyl imine] and HHP [N (2-hydroxy benzylidine) 2¢ hydroxy phenyl imine] derived from benzoin, salicylaldehyde, 2 aminophenol and 2,4 dinitrophenyl hydrazine were evaluated against Tribolium castaneum. Probit mortality were studied by surface film treatment method at different doses of the compounds. The results showed that the LD50 values as recorded after 24 hours of treatment were 15.1268, 3.0922 and 3.0922 mg /cm2 for PDH, PHP and HHP, respectively as compared with 0.2416 mg/cm2 for a standard pesticide l-cyhalothrin. With Schiff base complexes of cobalt(II), copper(II) and zinc(II), the LD50 values were 1.5206, 14.8576 and 3.2829 mg/cm2 respectively. Better results were obtained when recorded with longer treatment time. These three compounds may, therefore, be considered as potent pesticides. Keywords: Pesticidal activities; Schiff bases; Surface film treatment method. © 2009 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245(Online). All rights reserved. DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v1i3.2585 J. Sci. Res. 1 (3), 641-646 (2009)
Synthesis and Study of Charge-transfer Complexes for 5,6-dimethyl-2,1,3-benzoselenadiazole
Authors: Hassan A. F. , Radhy H. A. , Essa A. H. 
Published: September 2009

The synthesis of new solid charge-transfer (CT) complexes using 5,6-dimethyl-2,1,3-benzoselnadiazoles as donors with 1,4-naphthaquinone; 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone, 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthaquinone and 2,3-dichloro-4,5-dicyano-p-benzoquinone (DDQ) as acceptor are reported. These complexes are characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV-V, and 1HNMR spectroscopic data. Solid conductivity for 1, 2 and 3 compounds revel that they are not conductors. The calculated HOMO is largely localized on the selnadiazoles fragment, while the calculated LUMO of the studied molecule is seen to be substantially localized along the C–C axis of the conjugated system. Keywords: Charge transfer complexes; Dimethylbenzoselnadiazoles; Naphthaquinone; Dihydroxyanthraquinone; Hydroxynaphthaquinone; Dichlorodicyanobenzoquinone (DDQ); Semi-empirical (PM3) methods. © 2009 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v1i3.2590 J. Sci. Res. 1 (3), 569-575 (2009)
Design Cum Performance Equation for a Reactor Type Adsorption Unit
Authors: Islam M. A. , Mozumder M. S. I. , Khan M. M. R. 
Published: September 2009

The conventional method for designing a fixed bed adsorption unit has been discussed. The method is based on the data obtained from an adsorption column test. The characterization of an adsorption system, however, is performed in a laboratory batch experiment. It is shown that the conventional method does not make proper use of the physico-chemical parameters of an adsorption system determined by batch test. Also the method fails to predict the performance of an adsorption unit, if the operating condition differs from that under which the column test has been conducted for design purposes. New design equation has been proposed for both ‘Constantly Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR)’ and ‘Plug Flow Reactor (PFR)’ type adsorption units. The equation predicts the performance of a reactor type adsorption unit under varying operating conditions. The proposed method is based only on the data obtained in batch experiment.Keywords: Adsorption; Unit design; Reactor; Optimal Operation, Dosage; Coefficient of utilization.© 2009 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v1i3.2592 J. Sci. Res. 1 (3), 450-460 (2009)
Nematic van der Waals Free-energy
Authors: Oukouiss A. , Daanoun A. 
Published: September 2009

We develop the calculation of free energy in a nematic phase for a model of spherical particles with the long-range anisotropic interaction from the van der Waals theory. We map the gas-liquid equilibrium, which is coupled to a first-order isotropic-nematic transition. We discus how the topology of the phase diagrams changes upon varying the strengths of the isotropic and nematic interactions.Keywords: Phase diagrams; Nematic interactions; Free energy; Transitions.© 2009 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v1i3.2595 J. Sci. Res. 1(3), 409-421 (2009)
Magnetohydrodynamics Mixed Convection Around a Heat Conducting Horizontal Circular Cylinder in a Rectangular Lid-driven Cavity with Joule Heating
Authors: Rahman M. M. , Alim M. A. , Chowdhury M. K. 
Published: September 2009

In the present paper, a study of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) mixed convection around a heat conducting horizontal circular cylinder placed at the center of a rectangular cavity along with joule heating has been carried out. Steady state heat transfer by laminar mixed convection has been studied numerically by solving the equations of mass, momentum and energy to determine the fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics in the cavity as a function of Richardson number, Hartmann number and the cavity aspect ratio. The results are presented in the form of average Nusselt number at the heated surface; average fluid temperature in the cavity and temperature at the cylinder center for the range of Richardson number, Hartmann number and aspect ratio. The streamlines and isotherms are also presented. It is found that the streamlines, isotherms, average Nusselt number, average fluid temperature and dimensionless temperature at the cylinder center strongly depend on the Richardson number, Hartmann number and the cavity aspect ratio.Keywords: Mixed convection; Finite element method; Cylinder diameter; Lid-driven cavity; Hartmann number. © 2009 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v1i3.2597 J. Sci. Res. 1 (3), 461-472 (2009)
Stabilization of Wind Generator by Using STATCOM/SMES
Authors: Sheikh M. R. I. , Razzak S. M. A. 
Published: September 2009

In this work, the STATCOM/SMES system with a voltage-source IGBT converter is modeled as a controllable energy source. The objective of the proposed STATCOM/SMES topology is to provide both active and reactive power, which can significantly decrease the voltage and power fluctuations of grid connected fixed speed wind generators. One major problem in wind generator output power smoothing is setting of the reference output power. Constant output power reference is not a good choice because there can be some cases where wind speed is very low and then sufficient power cannot be obtained. In that case, energy storage device can solve the problem but large energy capacity may be needed. To generate output power reference, a Simple Moving Average (SMA) technique is used which corresponds to the energy storage capacity. Thus the capacity of SMES can be small (50% of wind farm capacity). Real wind speed data is used in the simulation analyses, which validates the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy. Keywords: STATCOM/SMES; Energy storage system (ESS); Simple moving average (SMA); Fixed speed wind generator; Voltage source converter (VSC).© 2009 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v1i3.2605 J. Sci. Res. 1 (3), 528-538 (2009)
Effect of Single Walled Carbon Nanotube as Counter Electrode on Laser-deposited Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and TiO<sub>2</sub> Films Solar Cells
Authors: Ahmmad B. , Kusumoto Y. , Abdulla-Al-Mamun M. , Mihata A. , Yang H. 
Published: September 2009

Laser-deposited Fe2O3 films or dye-fixed TiO2 films were prepared for solar cells. For both the cells, a single walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) film or a Pt-loaded SWNT film, prepared by simply pasting over ITO glass, was used as a counter electrode. Stable current (I)-voltage (V) curves were found under UV-visible light irradiation using water containing KI and I2 as an electrolyte. A comparison of I-V curves was made for Pt alone and SWNT alone films used as a counter electrode. Almost similar efficiency was found by using both types of counter electrodes. However, enhanced efficiency was obtained for the Pt-loaded SWNT-film counter electrode.Keywords: TiO2; Fe2O3 film; Solar cell; SWNT.© 2009 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237(Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v1i3.2631 J. Sci. Res. 1 (3), 430-437 (2009)
Reliable IPTV Service Delivery Using PIM-SSM Routing
Authors: Qadir A. , Arefin M. T. , Sandström H. E. 
Published: September 2009

Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) is a service where digital TV signal data is delivered by using Internet protocol (IP). Telecom and network operators focus on IPTV service for its fastest growth, lower price for operators and market economy. With the improvement of broadband connection and technology, IPTV will get more and more importance. Main challenge for IPTV service is resiliency and Quality of Service (QoS) to meet the users Service Level Agreement (SLA). The design space for IPTV service in terms of resilient backbone design, routing algorithms and fast failure restoration shall be explored. It is described from DSL FORUM and leading IPTV service-providing companies. In the context of this work, the PIM-SSM was configured and QoS was implemented for tagged VLAN of multicast traffic. IPTV traffic is analysed in ACREO testbed and Norrksen network.Keywords: IPTV; QoS; Multicast; PIM; PIM-SM; PIM-SSM; VLAN.© 2009 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v1i3.2633 J. Sci. Res. 1 (3), 495-507 (2009)
L'île de Batam à l'ombre de Singapour : investissement singapourien et dépendance de Batam
Authors: Nur Yoslan 
Published: September 2009

Yoslan Nur
The development of Batam - an Indonesian island covering an area of 415 km2, located at 20 km Southeast of Singapore - started in the early 1970's. The aim was to compete with Singapore as the economic capital of the Southeast Asian region. But at the end of the 1980's, Batam's economic development was integrated with Singapore's in the economic cooperation of the Growth Triangle of Singapore, Johor et Riau (known as "Sijori"). The goal of this cooperation is to promote regional economic development through transborder cooperation.
The integration of Batam in the Growth Triangle of Sijori is a very efficient means to promote the island's development through : the increase of private investment, the creation of jobs in industry, tourism and services sectors. The island has also experienced a rapid increase in : gross regional product (GRP), the value of exports, the number of tourists and migrants. Singapore became the first foreign investor in Batam. This situation has made Batam dependent on Singapore for : sources of capital, supply of assembly parts for the manufacturing industry, export of industrial products and marketing of Batam tourist industry.