bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mediastinal teratoma in a neonate with acute respiratory failure
Authors: Sayasathid Jarun , Somboonna Naraporn , Thapmaogkol Siraphop , Buddharadsa Yuthapong , Sukonpan Kanchapan 
Published: January 2011

Abstract
Background: While teratomas account for the leading cause of germ cell tumors, the mediastinal teratomas represent one of the infrequent types of congenital germ cell tumors. Neonates with large mediastinal teratomas generally show severe respiratory distress, and the immediate surgical treatment is needed to alleviate their problems.
Objectives: Report clinical symptoms, diagnostic procedures, treatment option, and outcomes after the treatment for a neonate with a large mediastinal teratoma.
Methods: A 2-day-old female infant presented with acute respiratory failure diagnosed as mediastinal teratoma. It was followed with surgical treatment. The removed tissues were examined pathologically.
Results: The girl suffered an acute respiratory failure two days after birth. The chest radiography, echocardiography, and chest computerized tomography results showed the considerable size of the mediastinal teratoma. A median sternotomy was performed on the third day of infant life to remove the tumor without rupturing the capsule. Pathological diagnosis was germ cell tumor. Clinical follow-ups reported no complication.
Conclusion: The successful management of a neonate with large mediastinal teratomas was presented. Immediate detection and proper treatment of the large mediastinal teratoma in a neonate was most important to decrease the morbidity and mortality of the infant.
Risk factors of extended-spectrum beta-lactamaseproducing Enterobacteriaceae bacteremia in Thai emergency department: a retrospective case-control study
Authors: Musikatavorn Khrongwong , Chumpengpan Chatgaew , Sujinpram Chaita 
Published: January 2011

Abstract
Background: Infections caused by resistant extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing enteric bacteria and their risk factors are globally recognized. However, such risk factors have not been explored in emergency department (ED) where the first choice of empirical antimicrobials is crucial.
Objective: Determine risk factors of ESBL bacteremia in ED, especially in our geographic area.
Methods: A retrospective case-double-control study was conducted at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital. All adult ED patients with ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae in blood cultures between October 2007 and October 2008 were recruited for this study. The potential risk factors were analyzed and compared with non- ESBL-producing bacteremic patients (control group 1) and matched general ED patients (control group 2). Nonbeta- lactam susceptibility testing among the cohort was also evaluated.
Results: Thirty ESBL (cases), 103 group 1 controls, and 100 group 2 controls were assessed. Based on the univariate analysis, age, chronic kidney diseases, malignancy, poor functional status, previous hospitalization within 90 days, and previous antimicrobial exposure especially to cephalosporins, quinolones, and carbapenems within 30 days were the risk factors for ESBL bacteremia compared with both types of control patients. Age > 60 and previous cephalosporin use were consistently identified as the risk factors by multivariate models using both control groups. The susceptibility to non-beta-lactam agents in the ESBL group was significantly lower than the non-ESBL. No carbapenem resistance was found.
Conclusion: Elderly ED patients, especially those who had previous cephalosporin exposure within 30 days, were at higher risk of ESBL-producing bacteremic infections. ESBLs tended to have less susceptibility to the non-β-lactam agents.
Carpal tunnel release by mini palmar incision
Authors: Pataradool Kawee , Kitidumrongsook Pravit , Patradul Adisorn 
Published: January 2011

Abstract
Background: Open carpal tunnel release is the gold standard treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome. However, there are complications related to the long incision.
Method: We report the results from a mini-incision open carpal tunnel release with simple instruments.
Results: There were no complications in our small series, improvement of scores was shown at four-week follow-up, and cosmetic results were satisfactory.
Conclusions: Mini-incision carpal tunnel release is one option to treat carpal tunnel syndrome.
Ventilatory function among healthy young Saudi adults: a comparison with Caucasian reference values
Authors: Alghadir Ahmad H. , Aly Farag A. 
Published: January 2011

Abstract
Background: Ethnic differences in lung function are recognized. However, most of the modern lung function equipments are pre-programmed with Caucasian reference values.
Objective: Measure spirometric values among healthy Saudi male and female adults and compare with the Caucasian reference values in a standard spirometer.
Methods: Thirty healthy Saudi young adults (15 males and 15 females; mean age 25 years) participated in this study. Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC (%), and maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV) were recorded using a portable digital spirometer.
Results: Mean values of FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC (%) and MVV for the Saudi subjects were significantly lower than the Caucasians predicted values.
Conclusion: Interpretation of lung function tests of Saudi subjects based on the Caucasian prediction equations is generally not valid, as the parameters of lung function tests in Saudi subjects are lower than the Caucasian reference values. The present results underline an urgent need for larger studies to develop prediction equations based on normative spirometric values for Saudi population involving subjects of all ages and both genders living in different climates of the country.
Correlation between mast cell density and histological parameters in Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis
Authors: Taweevisit Mana , Klaikaew Naruemon 
Published: January 2011

Abstract
Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) are a major cause of chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer. This organism plays a role in gastric carcinoma and B-cell lymphoma. However, the exact pathogenesis of gastric inflammation is still unclear. Mast cells, the important inflammatory cells for allergic process, may participate in the pathogenesis of gastritis related to H. pylori infection.
Objective: Analyze the relationship between mast cell density, H. pylori intensity, histological alterations, and their severity of biopsy proven gastritis.
Methods: One hundred eleven biopsied specimens were collected from Thai patients who were diagnosed H. pylori-associated gastritis of the antrum at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital between 2002 and 2005. All biopsied specimens were examined according to the Updated Sydney System. Mast cell density was evaluated by 0.1% toluidine-stained sections.
Results: The higher mast cell density was correlated with increased neutrophilic infiltration (r = 0.220, p = 0.020), chronic inflammatory cell infiltration (r = 0.381, p <0.001), and lymphoid aggregation (r = 0.271, p = 0.004). No relationship was found between mast cell density and intensity of H. pylori, glandular atrophy, or intestinal metaplasia.
Conclusion: Mast cells might take part in the pathogenesis of H. pylori gastritis.
Mass Arsenic Poisoning and the Public Health Response in Maine
Authors: Mills Dora A. , Tomassoni Anthony J. , Tallon Lindsay A. , Kade Kristy A. , Savoia Elena S. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractCreated in the wake of the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, Maine's Office of Public Health Emergency Preparedness within the Maine Center for Disease Control and Prevention undertook a major reorganization of epidemiology and laboratory services and began developing relationships with key partners and stakeholders, and a knowledgeable and skilled public health emergency preparedness workforce. In 2003, these newly implemented initiatives were tested extensively during a mass arsenic poisoning at the Gustav Adolph Lutheran Church in the rural northern community of New Sweden, Maine. This episode serves as a prominent marker of how increased preparedness capabilities, as demonstrated by the rapid identification and administration of antidotes and effective collaborations between key partners, can contribute to the management of broader public health emergencies in rural areas. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2013;7:319-326)
Interviewing rape complainants: Police officers' perceptions of interview format and quality of evidence
Authors: Westera Nina J. , Kebbell Mark R. , Milne Rebecca 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThis study explored police perceptions of video recording rape complainant interviews for investigative and evidential purposes. Officers (N = 136) rated the accuracy of one of three mock transcripts of a rape complainant video interview: A ‘standard interview’ containing inappropriately closed and leading questions; a ‘structured interview’ with open and appropriately closed questions and a ‘cognitive interview’ (CI) containing the CI mnemonics. Officers' in the standard condition rated the complainant as less accurate and that they were less likely to proceed with charges than in the structured and CI conditions. Officers cited the main advantages of video interviewing as improved forensic quality and interviewing practices, and the ability to use the interview as good evidence. Officers' rated the ideal characteristics of the complainant's video interview similarly when used for investigative compared to evidential purposes. These findings suggest video recording complainant interviews may be one way of improving quality resolutions in rape cases. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Smectic Liquid Crystal Defects for Self‐Assembling of Building Blocks and Their Lithographic Applications
Authors: Kim Yun Ho , Yoon Dong Ki , Jeong Hyeon Su , Lavrentovich Oleg D. , Jung Hee‐Tae 
Published: January 2011

AbstractRecently, it has been reported that liquid crystal (LC) defects can be used to create highly periodic templates by controlling the surface anchoring and the elastic properties of LC molecules. The self‐assembled defect ordering of the LC materials takes advantage of the ability to achieve fast stabilization of molecular ordering and structure due to the reversible and non‐covalent interactions of the LC molecules. In this Featre Article, the defect structures of liquid crystalline materials will be demonstrated by the surface anchoring and elastic properties. A particular focus are the focal conic domains (FCDs) that are commonly observed in SmA liquid crystals and their lamellar lyotropic counterparts, which form periodic defect ordered structures. In addition, methodologies for creating lithographic templates from the defect order will be described. Finally, the review closes with a discussion of toric focal conic domain arrays that have been fabricated in this manner and used for various applications.
Microstructure of Nanoscaled La0.6Sr0.4CoO3‐δ Cathodes for Intermediate‐Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Authors: Dieterle Levin , Bockstaller Pascal , Gerthsen Dagmar , Hayd Jan , Ivers‐Tiffée Ellen , Guntow Uwe 
Published: January 2011

AbstractNanocrystalline La1‐xSrxCoO3‐δ (LSC) thin films with a nominal Sr‐content of x = 0.4 were deposited on Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95 electrolyte substrates using a low temperature sol‐gel process. The structural and chemical properties of the LSC thin films were studied after thermal treatment, which included a calcination step and a variable, extended annealing time at 700 °C or 800 °C. Transmission electron microscopy combined with selected‐area electron diffraction, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectrometry, and scanning transmission electron microscopy tomography was applied for the investigation of grain size, porosity, microstructure, and analysis of the local chemical composition and element distribution on the nanoscale. The area specific resistance (ASR) values of the thin film LSC cathodes, which include the lowest ASR value reported so far (ASRchem = 0.023 Ωcm2 at 600 °C) can be interpreted on the basis of the structural and chemical characterization.
Autosomal monosomies among 24,262 consecutive cytogenetic studies: Prevalence, chromosomal distribution and clinicopathologic correlates of sole abnormalities
Authors: Raza Sania , TaherNazerHussain Fareeda , Patnaik Mrinal , Knudson Ryan , Van Dyke Daniel , Tefferi Ayalew 
Published: January 2011

AbstractMonosomal karyotype (MK) has recently been associated with poor prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), and primary myelofibrosis (PMF). The objectives of the current study were to describe the prevalence and spectrum of autosomal monosomies in an unselected cohort of patients with known or suspected hematologic malignancies. Bone marrow cytogenetic studies (24,262) were performed at our institution between 1989 and 2009. An abnormal karyotype was demonstrated in 6,565 cases (∼27%); of these, 1,365 (∼21%) included autosomal monosomies that occurred as sole (n = 133; ∼10%), part of two (n = 82; ∼6%) or more (n = 1,150; ∼84%) anomalies. All 22 autosomes were involved, but monosomy 7 was by far the most frequent, constituting ∼80% of all isolated monosomies and the highest fraction of those with two or more abnormalities. Other recurrent sole monosomies included chromosomes 20 (∼11%) and 21 (∼4%). Monosomy 13 (∼10%), 20 (∼8%), 18 (∼7%), 17 (∼6%), 21 (∼5%), 5 (∼5%), and 12 (∼4%) were also recurrent in the setting of ≥2 abnormalities. Bone marrow histology and clinical information were reviewed in all cases with isolated monosomy; associated clinical phenotypes were MDS (n = 60; 52 were −7), AML (n = 32; 31 were −7), myeloproliferative neoplasms (n = 16; 10 were −7), chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML; n = 10; 9 were −7) and other nonmyeloid malignancies (n = 15; 4 were −7). Sole monosomy 20 (n = 14; six MDS, five MPN, and three nonmyeloid) was not seen in AML or CMML. Sole monosomy 21 was more frequent in nonmyeloid as opposed to myeloid cases. Am. J.Hematol. 86:353–356, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Clinical effect of reduced‐intensity conditioning regimen containing antithymocyte globulin for hematopoietic cell transplantation from unrelated‐donors
Authors: Lee Kyoo‐Hyung , Choi Seong‐Jun , Lee Je‐Hwan , Lee Jung‐Hee , Kim Dae‐Young , Seol Miee , Lee Young‐Shin , Kang Young‐Ah , Jeon Mijin , Yun Sung‐Cheol , Joo Young‐Don , Lee Won‐Sik , Kang Myoung‐Joo , Kim Hawk , Park Jae‐Hoo , Bae Sung‐Hwa , Ryoo Hun‐Mo , Kim Min‐Kyoung , Hyun Myung‐Soo 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe impact of reduced‐intensity conditioning (RIC) on the outcomes of hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) from unrelated ‐donors (UD) remains to be determined. We therefore assessed 128 patients, aged 16 to 66 years, with acute leukemia (n = 105) or myelodysplastic syndrome (n = 23) in a UD‐HCT trial using RIC with busulfan, fludarabine, and antithymocyte globulin. Patients were transplanted with unmanipulated bone marrow (BM, n = 41) or mobilized peripheral blood mononuclear cells (M‐PB, n = 87) and received cyclosporine and methotrexate for graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis. After a median follow‐up of 26.7 months (range, 5.9−70.7 months) in surviving patients, 19 patients had died without progression/recurrence of underlying disease, giving a cumulative incidence of transplantation‐related mortality (TRM) of 17% (95% confidence interval, 11%–27%; 1‐year TRM, 14%). Graft failure (n = 7) and infections (n = 5) were the most common causes of TRM. Only three patients died due to GVHD (acute, one; chronic, two). Graft failure, which occurred in eight patients, showed a significant correlation with graft source (BM, 6/41 vs. M‐PB, 2/87; P = 0.009). Donor‐patient HLA‐disparity did not correlate with GVHD, 1‐year TRM, and graft failure. RIC containing antithymocyte globulin led to decreased GVHD‐associated, as well as overall, TRM after UD‐HCT. This trial is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00627666. Am. J. Hematol. 86:399–405,2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Delayed G‐CSF stimulation after PBSCT does not seem to modify the biological parameters of bone marrow recovery
Authors: Ianotto Jean‐Christophe , Tempescul Adrian , Delepine Pascal , Guillerm Gaelle , Hardy Elisabeth , Eveillard Jean‐Richard , Berthou Christian 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThere are currently no recommendations indicating when stimulation should begin after autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT). We compared the outcome following between two treatment groups, in which daily granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G‐CSF) administration began on either the fifth or the eighth day after PBSCT in lymphoma and myeloma patients. We studied eight clinical parameters: number of G‐CSF injections, number of days of hospitalization, of red blood cell or platelet transfusions; days when body temperature exceeds 38°C; days of parenteral nutrition; weight loss and hospitalization costs. We studied also four biological parameters: number of CD34+ cells, days with leucocytes less than 1 × 109/L, days with hemoglobin less than 90 g/L or with less than 50 × 109/L of platelets. There were no statistical significant differences between the study arms. It seems that delayed stimulation by G‐CSF after PBSCT is safety and does not seem to modify bone marrow recovery timing. Am. J. Hematol. 86:351–352, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The non‐birefringent limit of all linear, skewonless media and its unique light‐cone structure
Authors: Favaro A. , Bergamin L. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractBased on a recent work by Schuller et al., a geometric representation of all skewonless, non‐birefringent linear media is obtained. The derived constitutive law is based on a “core”, encoding the optical metric up to a constant. All further corrections are provided by two (anti‐)selfdual bivectors, and an “axion”. The bivectors are found to vanish if the optical metric has signature (3,1) – that is, if the Fresnel equation is hyperbolic. We propose applications of this result in the context of transformation optics and premetric electrodynamics.
PEGylierte anorganische Nanopartikel
Authors: Karakoti Ajay S. , Das Soumen , Thevuthasan Suntharampillai , Seal Sudipta 
Published: January 2011

AbstractDer Einsatz anorganischer Nanopartikel in der Diagnose und Therapie hat sich zu einem bedeutenden Faktor bei der Behandlung von Krankheiten entwickelt. Die Oberflächenmodifizierung anorganischer Oxide ist wichtig, um eine Vielfalt von Größen und Formen, gute Löslichkeit, Langzeitstabilität und das Anbinden selektiver funktioneller Gruppen zu ermöglichen. Dieser Kurzaufsatz beschreibt die Rolle von Polyethylenglycol (PEG) in der Oberflächenmodifizierung von Oxiden und konzentriert sich auf ihre biomedizinischen Anwendungen. Die PEGylierung ermöglicht die “Tarnung” von Nanomaterialien, die sonst vom menschlichen Körper als Fremdstoffe erkannt werden. Zusätzlich wird die Rolle von PEG als strukturweisendes Element in der Synthese von Oxiden behandelt.
Intestinal transport of bis(12)‐hupyridone in Caco‐2 cells and its improved permeability by the surfactant Brij‐35
Authors: Yu Hua , Hu Yue Qing , Ip Fanny C. F. , Zuo Zhong , Han Yi Fan , Ip Nancy Y. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe objective of the present study was to elucidate the mechanisms of intestinal transport of bis(12)‐hupyridone (B12H) to predict its oral bioavailability. The effect of the B12H concentration and the contribution of the drug efflux transporters, P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp or ABCB1) and multidrug resistance‐associated proteins (MRPs or ABCC) on B12H absorption were measured and evaluated using the human intestinal epithelial Caco‐2 cell monolayer in the presence of transporter inhibitors. The results indicated that B12H was absorbed in a dose‐dependent manner at concentrations ranging from 132 to 264 µM. However, only apical efflux was observed in the directional transport studies for B12H below 88 µM (Papp(AP‐to‐BL): virtually zero; Papp(BL‐to‐AP): 1.591 ± 0.071 × 10−5 cm s−1). P‐gp and mixed P‐gp/MRP inhibitors significantly increased the absorptive transport (Papp(AP‐to‐BL)) to 0.619 ± 0.018 × 10−5 and 0.608 ± 0.025 × 10−5 cm s−1, respectively, while decreasing secretory transport (Papp(BL‐to‐AP)) by >75%. A multiple‐MRP inhibitor, probenecid, increased the Papp(AP‐to‐BL) to 0.329 ± 0.015 × 10−5 cm s−1 while decreasing the Papp(BL‐to‐AP) by 50%. Another multiple‐MRP inhibitor, indomethacin, only modestly decreased the Papp(BL‐to‐AP) by ∼30% and had no effect on the absorptive transport (Papp(AP‐to‐BL): virtually zero). In addition, the effect of various pharmaceutical excipients (e.g. Pluronic F‐68, Tween‐80 and Brij‐35) on B12H transport was determined and compared. Among them, Brij‐35 effectively enhanced B12H absorption at a concentration lower than its critical micelle concentration (CMC, 60 µM). Therefore, Brij‐35 can be used as a potential enhancer to improve intestinal absorption of B12H for oral administration. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Snake venom: From fieldwork to the clinic
Authors: Vonk Freek J. , Jackson Kate , Doley Robin , Madaras Frank , Mirtschin Peter J. , Vidal Nicolas 
Published: January 2011

AbstractSnake venoms are recognized here as a grossly under‐explored resource in pharmacological prospecting. Discoveries in snake systematics demonstrate that former taxonomic bias in research has led to the neglect of thousands of species of potential medical use. Recent discoveries reveal an unexpectedly vast degree of variation in venom composition among snakes, from different species down to litter mates. The molecular mechanisms underlying this diversity are only beginning to be understood. However, the enormous potential that this resource represents for pharmacological prospecting is clear. New high‐throughput screening systems offer greatly increased speed and efficiency in identifying and extracting therapeutically useful molecules. At the same time a global biodiversity crisis is threatening the very snake populations on which hopes for new venom‐derived medications depend. Biomedical researchers, pharmacologists, clinicians, herpetologists, and conservation biologists must combine their efforts if the full potential of snake venom‐derived medications is to be realized.
Infrainguinal percutaneous transluminal angioplasty or bypass surgery in patients aged 80 years and older with critical leg ischaemia
Authors: Arvela E , Venermo M , Söderström M , Korhonen M , Halmesmäki K , Albäck A , Lepäntalo M , Biancari F 
Published: January 2011

Abstract

Background
Infrainguinal revascularization for critical leg ischaemia (CLI) in patients aged 80 years and over is associated with increased operative risk. The aim was to compare the results of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) and bypass surgery in these patients.

Methods
Some 584 consecutive patients aged at least 80 years treated with either PTA (277) or bypass surgery (307) for CLI between 2000 and 2007 were included in this study.

Results
After 2 years PTA achieved better results than bypass surgery (leg salvage: 85·4 versus 78·7 per cent, P = 0·039; survival: 57·7 versus 52·3 per cent, P = 0·014; amputation-free survival (AFS): 53·0 versus 44·9 per cent, P = 0·005). Cox regression analysis showed that increased age (relative risk (RR) 1·05, 95 per cent confidence interval 1·02 to 1·08), decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate (RR 0·99, 0·99 to 1·00), diabetes (RR 1·30, 1·04 to 1·62), coronary artery disease (RR 1·36, 1·05 to 1·75) and bypass surgery (RR 1·55, 1·24 to 1·93) were associated with decreased AFS. In 95 propensity score-matched pairs, leg salvage at 2 years (88 versus 75 per cent; P = 0·010) and AFS (53 versus 45 per cent; P = 0·033) were significantly better after PTA. Classification and regression tree analysis suggested that PTA was associated with better 1-year AFS, especially in patients with coronary artery disease (63·8 versus 48·9 per cent; P = 0·008).

Conclusion
When feasible, a strategy of PTA first appears to achieve better results than infrainguinal bypass surgery in patients aged 80 years and older.