bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lipins from plants are phosphatidate phosphatases that restore lipid synthesis in a pah1Δ mutant strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Mietkiewska Elzbieta , Siloto Rodrigo M. P. , Dewald Jay , Shah Saleh , Brindley David N. , Weselake Randall J. 
Published: December 2010

The identification of the yeast phosphatidate phosphohydrolase (PAH1) gene encoding an enzyme with phosphatidate phosphatase (PAP; 3‐sn‐phosphatidate phosphohydrolase, EC 3.1.3.4) activity led to the discovery of mammalian Lipins and subsequently to homologous genes from plants. In the present study, we describe the functional characterization of Arabidopsis and Brassica napus homologs of PAH1. Recombinant expression studies confirmed that homologous PAHs from plants can rescue different phenotypes exhibited by the yeast pah1Δ strain, such as temperature growth sensitivity and atypical neutral lipid composition. Using this expression system, we examined the role of the putative catalytic motif DXDXT and other conserved residues by mutational analysis. Mutants within the carboxy‐terminal lipin domain displayed significantly decreased PAP activity, which was reflected by their limited ability to complement different phenotypes of pah1Δ. Subcellular localization studies using a green fluorescent protein fusion protein showed that Arabidopsis PAH1 is mostly present in the cytoplasm of yeast cells. However, upon oleic acid stimulation, green fluorescent protein fluorescence was predominantly found in the nucleus, suggesting that plant PAH1 might be involved in the transcriptional regulation of gene expression. In addition, we demonstrate that mutation of conserved residues that are essential for the PAP activity of the Arabidopsis PAH1 enzyme did not impair its nuclear localization in response to oleic acid. In conclusion, the present study provides evidence that Arabidopsis and B. napus PAHs restore lipid synthesis in yeast and that DXDXT is a functional enzymic motif within plant PAHs.Database
The nucleotide sequence data have been deposited in the GenBank database under accession numbers HQ113853 and HQ113854
Associations between Physical and Mental Health Problems and Sexual Dysfunctions in Sexually Active Danes
Authors: Christensen Birgitte Schütt , Grønbæk Morten , Osler Merete , Pedersen Bo Vestergaard , Graugaard Christian , Frisch Morten 
Published: December 2010

Abstract

Introduction
Studies have shown a high prevalence of sexual dysfunctions among individuals with a variety of health problems.

Aim
To obtain a population-based assessment of these matters, we studied associations between indicators of physical and mental health problems and sexual dysfunctions in Denmark.

Methods
We used questionnaire data from 4,415 sexually active men (mean age 48 years) and women (mean age 45 years) who participated in a nationally representative survey in 2005. Cross-sectional associations of overall health and physical and mental health problems with sexual dysfunctions in the last year were estimated by logistic regression-derived, confounder-adjusted odds ratios (ORadj).

Main Outcome Measures
We calculated ORadj with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for erectile dysfunction, anorgasmia, premature ejaculation, and dyspareunia in men, for lubrication insufficiency, anorgasmia, dyspareunia, and vaginismus in women, and for sexual dysfunction and sexual difficulties overall in both sexes.

Results
Sexual dysfunction was significantly more common among participants with poor self-rated health (ORadj 1.86, 95% CI 1.05-3.33 in men, ORadj 1.91, 1.08–3.37 in women). Physical health problems were significantly associated with male sexual dysfunctions (ORadj 1.75, 1.18–2.61), whereas mental health problems were significantly associated with female sexual dysfunctions (ORadj 2.59, 1.60–4.22).

Conclusion
Among sexually active Danes, poor self-reported overall health is associated with increased rates of sexual dysfunction in both sexes, with physical health problems mainly affecting men's sex lives, and mental health problems being strongly associated with female sexual dysfunction.
The Relationship Between Sexual Functioning and Depressive Symptomatology in Postpartum Women: A Pilot Study
Authors: Chivers Meredith L. , Pittini Richard , Grigoriadis Sophie , Villegas Laura , Ross Lori E. 
Published: December 2010

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Previous research on postpartum sexuality has primarily focused on the impact of physical factors on the resumption and frequency of sexual intercourse; fewer studies have focused on the impact of psychological factors on women’s sexual functioning.

Aim
The aim of this study is to assess current sexual functioning and sexual behavior in women with and without symptoms of postpartum depression using validated measures of postpartum depression and sexual functioning.

Methods
Women attending postpartum appointments were consecutively recruited over a 12-month period and completed questionnaires assessing sexual functioning, current sexual behavior, and mental health.

Main Outcome Measures
The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), and items assessing current sexual behaviors.

Results
A total of 77 women returned completed questionnaire packages (mean postpartum weeks: 13, range 3–24). Of these, 57 women (74%) had engaged in sexual activity with a partner in the 4 weeks prior to completing the questionnaire. The mean FSFI score was 23.0 (range 6–34), with 37 women (65%) scoring in the range associated with clinical sexual dysfunction. Women with elevated EPDS scores had significantly lower total FSFI, arousal, orgasm, and satisfaction FSFI subscale scores (all P values &lt;0.005) than nondepressed women, suggesting more problematic sexual functioning. Desire, lubrication, and pain FSFI subscale scores were not significantly associated with depression status.

Conclusions
A substantial proportion of women experience sexual problems in the postpartum period; these problems are particularly pronounced among women with symptoms of postpartum depression. Longitudinal research is needed to better understand the relationship between sexual dysfunction and depression among postpartum women, and to identify implications for prevention and treatment of both conditions.
Male Infertility and Depression: A Neglected Problem in the Middle East
Authors: Ahmadi Hamed , Montaser-Kouhsari Laleh , Nowroozi Mohammad R. , Bazargan-Hejazi Shahrzad 
Published: December 2010

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Little attention has been paid to the psychological status of infertile men from developing countries who have been traditionally stigmatized as feeble and ineffective.

Aim
The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of depression and its socio-demographic correlates in a sample of Iranian infertile men.

Methods
One hundred and fourteen infertile men filled out the 21-item Beck Depression Inventory. Men who scored ≥17 were considered depressed and those with the score ≤16 were assumed to be nondepressed.

Main Outcome Measures
(i) Comparison between depressed and non-depressed men regarding age, education level, economic status, ethnicity, age at time of marriage, duration, and type of infertility and regular cigarette smoking. (ii) Independent risk factors for depression.

Results
The mean age of participants was 34.1 ± 7.1 years. The diagnosis of depression was made in 42.9% of infertile men. Current age, age at marriage, economic status, and type of infertility were not statistically different between two groups (P &gt; 0.05). Statistically significant association was detected between depression symptoms and education (P &lt; 0.001), cigarette smoking (P &lt; 0.008), and duration of infertility (P &lt; 0.03). In an adjusted multiple regression model, education (odds ratio [OR] 0.2; confidence interval [CI] 0.06–0.5, P &lt; 0.003), ethnicity (OR 4.5; CI 1.5–13.3, P &lt; 0.006), and cigarette smoking (OR 5.1; CI 1.4–18.5, P &lt; 0.01) retained their significance, while duration of infertility lost its power.

Conclusion
Depression among Iranian infertile men is remarkably higher in comparison with Western countries. Azaris, cigarette smokers, and individuals with low educational level are at higher risk of developing depression among infertile men.
Use of non‐anthracycline regimens in early stage breast cancer in Australia
Authors: DE BOER Richard H , CHAN Arlene , TRAN Ben , WILCKEN Nicholas 
Published: December 2010

AbstractVarious factors have recently prompted a re‐evaluation of the role of non‐anthracycline regimens in early stage breast cancer (ESBC). Since 1990 anthracyclines have been a key component of chemotherapy regimens. However, there is increased understanding of the long‐term, irreversible toxicities associated with these therapies, including cardiac failure and secondary leukemia. The development of the taxanes in the 1990s led to new adjuvant chemotherapy regimens and trials of various combinations in an effort to further increase survival and reduce toxicity. Concerns about cardiac toxicity were reinforced with the emergence of trastuzumab for the treatment of HER2‐positive breast cancer. Trastuzumab alone causes cardiac toxicity and increases the risk of cardiac toxicity when combined with anthracyclines. These data, combined with recent results demonstrating the efficacy of non‐anthracycline regimens in various disease settings, have generated interest in utilizing these therapies in patients with both HER2‐positive and ‐negative tumors. This review outlines the evidence for the use of non‐anthracycline adjuvant regimens in ESBC, including cyclophosphamide, methotrexate and 5‐fluoruoracil, docetaxel, carboplatin and trastuzumab and docetaxel and cyclophosphamide, which have demonstrated equivalent efficacy and reduced toxicity compared to anthracycline‐based regimens in various trials. The review also examines evidence for the use of non‐anthracycline regimens in patients who previously had restricted access to these therapies due to their negative lymph node status. The wider availability of these regimens increases options when deciding upon adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with ESBC, especially in patients with a high risk of cardiac toxicity.
Comparison of daily filgrastim and pegfilgrastim to prevent febrile neutropenia in Asian lymphoma patients
Authors: CHAN Alexandre , LENG Xue Zhen , CHIANG Joen YL , TAO Miriam , QUEK Richard , TAY Kevin , LIM Soon Thye 
Published: December 2010

AbstractAim:  Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a highly prevalent complication of chemotherapy, particularly in patients with non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of filgrastim and pegfilgrastim in Asian lymphoma patients by evaluating the incidence of FN and associated complications.Methods:  This was a single‐center, retrospective cohort study in Asian lymphoma patients who received chemotherapy with primary prophylactic granulocyte colony‐stimulating factors support between January 2008 and August 2009. Data were analyzed using an intent‐to‐treat approach, which aimed to reflect actual prescribing practices.Results:  A total of 204 Asian lymphoma patients were included in this study, with 81 patients in the filgrastim arm and 123 patients in the pegfilgrastim arm. Overall, the incidence of breakthrough FN was similar between the two groups of patients (13.6%: filgrastim arm vs 16.3%: pegfilgrastim arm; P = 0.69). Neutropenic complications such as chemotherapy treatment delay and chemotherapy dose reduction were similar between the two arms.Conclusion:  In Asian patients, pegfilgrastim prophylaxis did not show a therapeutic advantage for preventing neutropenic outcomes compared with filgrastim prophylaxis.
Capecitabine monotherapy as salvage treatment after failure of chemotherapy containing oxaliplatin and irinotecan in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: KIM Seung T , CHOI Yoon J , PARK Kyong H , OH Sang C , SEO Jae H , SHIN Sang W , KIM Jun S , KIM Yeul H 
Published: December 2010

AbstractAim:  There has been limited data on capecitabine monotherapy in metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) patients who were previously treated with both oxaliplatin/5‐fluorouracil(FU)/leucovorin (FOLFOX) and irinotecan/5‐FU/leucovorin (FOLFIRI).Methods:  We analyzed 20 patients between August 2002 and March 2008 with metastatic CRC who had been treated with capecitabine monotherapy after the failure of FOLFOX and FOLFIRI.Results:  Overall, one partial response was observed (overall response rate, 5%) and stable disease was observed in 11 patients (55.0%). The disease control rate was 60.0%. The median progression‐free survival (PFS) was 2.3 months (95% CI 1.9–2.7) and the median overall survival (OS) was 5.3 months (95% CI 4.6–6.0). Patients without ascites had longer PFS than those with ascites (P = 0.02). Patients with more than three metastatic sites had poorer OS than those with less than two (P = 0.01). Grade 3 or 4 non‐hematological toxicities included hand–foot syndrome in one patient. There were no grade 3 or 4 hematological toxicities or treatment‐related deaths.Conclusion:  The capecitabine monotherapy had a moderate disease control rate and a tolerable toxicity profile as third‐line or fourth‐line treatment for metastatic CRC patients who were refractory to standard chemotherapy with no further treatment options.
Lymphoid and fibroblastic cell lineages from radiosensitive cancer patients: Molecular analysis of DNA double strand break repair by major non‐homologous end‐joining sub‐pathways
Authors: MCKAY Michael J , WITHANA Nimali , DAVEY Deborah S , BISHOP Danial , CHAO Michael , SPRUNG Carl N 
Published: December 2010

AbstractAims:  Radiation therapy (RT) is used in the treatment of approximately half of all cancer patients. Although there have been great improvements in tumor localization and the technical accuracy of RT delivery, some RT patients still have idiosyncratic hypersensitivity to ionizing radiation (IR) in their normal tissues. Although much effort has been expended in the search for assays that could detect radiosensitive individuals prior to treatment and facilitate tailored therapy; a suitable and clinically practical predictive assay has yet to be realized. Since DNA double‐strand breaks (DSB) are a major lesion caused by IR, we hypothesized that radiation hypersensitive individuals might be deficient in the repair of such lesions.Methods:  To test this hypothesis we quantitatively and functionally characterized DSB repair of the two major non‐homologous end‐joining (NHEJ) sub‐pathways in a pilot study using a plasmid repair reconstitution assay in lymphoblastoid and fibroblast cell lines from radiosensitive cancer patients and controls. Experiments using well‐characterized mammalian DSB repair mutants demonstrated the ability of the assay to distinguish NHEJ sub‐pathways. The proportion of direct end‐joining repair compared with that of microhomology‐directed repair was used as a functional end‐point of DSB repair competence in the different cell lines.Results:  We found that the overall level of NHEJ sub‐pathway repair competency was similar in cell lines from radiosensitive patients and controls.Conclusion:  These data suggest that this assay in these cell lineages has limited usefulness as a predictive screen for the endogenous DNA DSB repair competency of radiosensitive cancer patients' cells but can usefully characterize major cellular DSB repair phenotypes.
Molybdenite Mineralization and Re‐Os Geochronology of the Escondida and Escondida Norte Porphyry Deposits, Northern Chile
Authors: Romero Bárbara , Kojima Shoji , Wong Chilong , Barra Fernando , Véliz Walter , Ruiz Joaquin 
Published: December 2010

AbstractMolybdenum is an economically important subproduct of North Chilean porphyry‐type deposits, and thus spatial and temporal distribution of molybdenite as the primary Mo‐bearing mineral in the Escondida and Escondida Norte deposits were characterized using several mineralogical and chemical techniques and the Re‐Os dating method. Molybdenum is distributed extensively in the two deposits, and high molybdenum concentrations (>500 ppm) are recognized particularly in the chlorite‐sericite transitional zone between the potassic and sericitic zones. Two modes of occurrence of molybdenite are observed in the Escondida deposit: aggregates with Cu‐Fe‐sulfide minerals in fine veinlets (sulfide‐veinlet type), and monomineralic microveinlets associated with NE‐trending faults. The former and the latter yielded ages of 36.1 ± 0.2 Ma and 35.2 ± 0.2 Ma, respectively. Re‐Os dating of Escondida Norte molybdenites also show two distinct episodes, at 37.7 ± 0.3 Ma and a younger episode at 36.6 ± 0.2 Ma. These data indicate that the Escondida Norte is older than the main Escondida deposit. The Re‐Os age data combined with those of the porphyry emplacement suggest that the molybdenite mineralization in the Escondida district occurred as several short episodic pulses during the late‐magmatic to hydrothermal transition, and that the Cu‐Mo deposits were formed in a variable overall period spanning 1 to 5 m.y.
DNA sampling from eggshell swabbing is widely applicable in wild bird populations as demonstrated in 23 species
Authors: MARTÍN‐GÁLVEZ DAVID , PERALTA‐SÁNCHEZ JUAN M. , DAWSON DEBORAH A. , MARTÍN‐PLATERO ANTONIO M. , MARTÍNEZ‐BUENO MANUEL , BURKE TERRY , SOLER JUAN J. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThere is increasing interest in noninvasive DNA sampling techniques. In birds, there are several methods proposed for sampling DNA, and of these, the use of eggshell swabbing is potentially applicable to a wide range of species. We estimated the effectiveness of this method in the wild by sampling the eggs of 23 bird species. Sampling of eggs was performed twice per nest, soon after the clutch was laid and again at the end of egg incubation. We genotyped DNA samples using a set of five conserved microsatellite markers, which included a Z‐linked locus and a sex‐typing marker. We successfully collected avian DNA from the eggs of all species tested and from 88.48% of the samples. In most of the cases, the DNA concentration was low (ca. 10 ng/μL). The number of microsatellite loci amplified per sample (0–5) was used as a measure of the genotyping success of the sample. On average, we genotyped 3.01 ± 0.12 loci per sample (mean ± SE), and time of sampling did not seem to have an effect; however, genotyping success differed among species and was greater in those species that used feather material for lining their nest cups. We also checked for the occurrence of possible genotyping errors derived from using samples with very low DNA quantities (i.e. allelic dropout or false alleles) and for DNA contamination from individuals other than the mother, which appeared at a moderate rate (in 44% of the PCR replicates and in 17.36% of samples, respectively). Additionally, we investigated whether the DNA on eggshells corresponded to maternal DNA by comparing the genotypes obtained from the eggshells to those obtained from blood samples of all the nestlings for six nests of magpies. In five of the six magpie nests, we found evidence that the swab genotypes were a mixture of genotypes from both parents and this finding was independent of the time of incubation. Thus, our results broadly confirm that the swabbing of eggshells can be used as a noninvasive method for obtaining DNA and is applicable across a wide range of bird species. Nonetheless, genotyping errors should be properly estimated for each species by using a suite of highly polymorphic loci. These errors may be resolved by sampling only recently laid eggs (to avoid non‐maternal DNA contamination) or by performing several PCR replicates per sample (to avoid allelic dropout and false alleles) and/or by increasing the amount of DNA used in the PCR through increasing the volume of the PCR or increasing the concentration of template DNA.
From Eggs to Hearts: What Is the Link between Cyclic ADP‐Ribose and Ryanodine Receptors?
Authors: Venturi Elisa , Pitt Samantha , Galfré Elena , Sitsapesan Rebecca 
Published: December 2010

SUMMARYIt was first proposed that cyclic ADP‐ribose (cADPR) could activate ryanodine receptors (RyR) in 1991. Following a subsequent report that cADPR could activate cardiac RyR (RyR2) reconstituted into artificial membranes and stimulate Ca2+‐release from isolated cardiac SR, there has been a steadily mounting stockpile of publications proclaiming the physiological and pathophysiological importance of cADPR in the cardiovascular system. It was only 2 years earlier, in 1989, that cADPR was first identified as the active metabolite of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), responsible for triggering the release of Ca2+ from crude homogenates of sea urchin eggs. Twenty years later, can we boast of being any closer to unraveling the mechanisms by which cADPR modulates intracellular Ca2+‐release? This review sets out to examine the mechanisms underlying the effects of cADPR and ask whether cADPR is an important signaling molecule in the heart.
An outpatient psychotherapy clinic for the elderly: Rationale, establishment and characteristics
Authors: Payman Vahid 
Published: December 2010

AbstractIntroduction: The purpose of this paper is to describe the factors informing the establishment of an outpatient psychotherapy clinic for the elderly, the first of its kind in Australia, and then to describe the characteristics of the first 51 patients to attend the clinic.Methods: A retrospective review of patients' files was conducted to obtain data on patient demographics, diagnoses, types of psychotherapy received, and number of sessions received.Results: A majority of patients were between the ages of 65 and 75, female, partnerless, living alone in private accommodation, and suffering from major depression. Types of psychotherapy received were psychodynamic psychotherapy, cognitive‐behavior therapy, supportive psychotherapy, grief therapy, or a combination of the above. The mean number of sessions received was 11, and one in five patients terminated prematurely.Discussion: Psychodynamic psychotherapy is suited to only a very small minority of elderly patients. Enabling factors and possible barriers to treatment are discussed. Some proposals are offered to enhance the scope and quality of the clinic.
Experiences of family caregivers of patients with bipolar disorder
Authors: Shamsaei Farshid , Kermanshahi Sima Mohamad Khan , Vanaki Zohre , Hajizadeh Ebrahim , Hayatbakhsh Mohammad R. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractIntroduction: Attention to caregiving consequences has been mainly restricted to bipolar disorder, although studies suggest that relatives of bipolar patients also experience considerable distress. The purpose of this study was to explore the lived experiences of family member caregivers of bipolar disorder patients.Methods: In a qualitative research of phenomenological methodology, family member caregivers of bipolar disorder patients in Farshchian Psychiatric Hospital in Hamedan (Iran) were selected by purposive sampling in the year 2010. By reaching data saturation, the number of participants was 12. Data were gathered through in‐depth interviews and analyzed by van Manen method.Results: Analysis of the interviews revealed six major themes: fears and anxiety for the future, psychosomatic impact, feeling isolated and loneliness, financial impact, change in lifestyle and family functioning, and lack of support and knowledge.Discussion: This study highlights the need for family‐oriented mental health services to be developed and for further research to identify the specific nursing interventions that are effective in helping to sustain family caregiving.