bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Formulation of Saxagliptin Oral Films: Optimization, Physicochemical Characterization, In-Vivo Assessment, and In-Vitro Real-Time Release Monitoring via a Novel Polyaniline Nanoparticles-Based Solid-Contact Screen Printed Ion-Selective Electrode
Authors: Makram Tarek S. , Eid Sherif M. , Abu-Dahab Mohamed , AbouGhaly Mohamed H. H. , Elnahas Osama S. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOral dispersible films have received broad interest due to fast drug absorption and no first-path metabolism, leading to high bioavailability and better patient compliance. Saxagliptin (SXG) is an antidiabetic drug that undergoes first-path metabolism, resulting in a less active metabolite, so the development of SXG oral dispersible films (SXG-ODFs) improves SXG bioavailability. The formula optimisation included a response surface experimental design and the impact of three formulation factors, the type and concentration of polymer and plasticiser concentration onin-vitrodisintegration time and folding endurance. Two optimised SXG-ODFs prepared using either polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose were investigated. SXG-ODFs prepared with PVA demonstrated a superior rapid disintegration time, ranging from 17 to 890 s, with the fastest disintegration time recorded at 17 s. These short durations can be attributed to the hydrophilic nature of PVA, facilitating rapid hydration and disintegration upon contact with saliva. Additionally, PVA-based films displayed remarkable folding endurance, surpassing 200 folds without rupture, indicating flexibility and stability. The high tensile strength of PVA-based films further underscores their robust mechanical properties, with tensile strength values reaching up to 4.53 MPa. SXG exhibits a UV absorption wavelength of around 212 nm, posing challenges for traditional quantitative spectrophotometric analysis, so a polyaniline nanoparticles-based solid-contact screen-printed ion-selective electrode (SP-ISE) was employed for the determination of SXG release profile effectively in comparison to HPLC. SP-ISE showed a better real-time release profile of SXG-ODFs, and the optimised formula showed lower blood glucose levels than commercial tablets.Graphical Abstract
Between Koenji and Brooklyn: Tokyo, New York, and the Circulations of Experimental Musics in a Global World
Authors: Whatley Katherine G. T. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Using a group of Japanese-born experimental musicians who make their lives in Tokyo and New York as a case study, this article examines how new musical genres are created, shared, and mediated through layers of circulations, identities, and locations. The author argues that these musicians’ lives and music have a kind of “noisy” quality, complicating genre boundaries and identity binaries in their wake. Through ethnographic “thick descriptions” and the words of the musicians themselves, the author shows the web of musical genres, languages, geopolitical identities, and gender relations that combine to make up the texture of musical performances.
This article is also thinking through and with a sea change in the study of Japanese music. In recent years, building on the work of scholars of Japanese cultural studies, ethnomusicologists have critiqued how monocultural and mono-ethnic mythologies have influenced the study and production of Japanese music. Ethnomusicology and area studies are Cold War enterprises, designed to create research that would help maintain that world order, educate Americans as global leaders, and change hearts and minds in foreign lands, leading to a cultural conservatism that often led scholars to focus on “traditional” Japanese music. Recently, however, research on Japanese music has increasingly focused on popular and experimental musics and examines how Japanese contemporary identity is created and maintained through music. Thus this article gives readers a view of how US-based Japanese music scholarship is moving away from such Cold War paradigms and contributes to this shift in studies of Japanese music and culture.
The Imperishables: Somatic Remediation, Femininity, and Plasticity in Ōshima Nagisa's Urban Critique
Authors: Chen Junnan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This essay probes the understudied relationship between the hypermediated urban environment and the coding of femininity in the late 1960s and 1970s Japan. Through reading Ōshima Nagisa's Man Who Left His Will on Film (1970), this essay explores the unique gender dynamics remapped in the avant-garde media practice in an era when “urban” and “media” became interconnected and filmic medium was redefined in relation to the vibrant media milieu. This essay is motivated by “the imperishables,” a prevalent trope that can be located in a wide array of literary and filmic works in the 1960s and 1970s: the vanishing men and the “plastic” women. Resilient, enduring, prone to violations but always “failing” to disappear from the screen, women's bodies occupy central roles in reorienting the epistemic structures in many prominent radical works that investigate the opaque urban network during Japan's Cold War restructuring. This essay reads cinema as a contentious site where articulations of sociopolitical sentiments and concerns with film's medium specificity find catalytic convergence with the continuous coding of gender. Rather than simply viewing female bodies as representations of social reality or fetishized objects, this article traces how femininity, constructed as both cultural artifact and techno-aesthetic device, showcases internal dissidence in the leftist urban critique and the emergent somatic politics in the avant-garde imaginaries of alterity.
China's Infrastructural Capitalism and Infrastructural Power of Labor: The Making of the Chinese Working Class
Authors: Ngai Pun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This article anticipates a political project that underlines China's infrastructural capitalism and the infrastructural power of labor in the making of the Chinese working class. This project embarks a re-departure of the left movement after the Jasic struggle, which inspired a rebirth of global Marxism and Maoism that attempts to confront the failure of the first wave of socialist movements and the neoliberal turn of global capitalism. Meeting this historical conjuncture, this project is situated in the legacy of the Chinese Revolution and its firmly held belief in the class struggles of the working masses who fought for a vision of communism since the early 1920s. As part of a global project in preparation for the new wave of emancipatory movements, this project is also located in a global anti-capitalism movement and attempts to overcome the parochial and nationalistic approach of existing Chinese Marxism. Specifically, the author conceives that Chinese capitalism has entered a new age of monopoly supported not only by new phases of high technology but also, more importantly, by state power in constructing infrastructural bases such as building projects, new economic zones, highways and high-speed railways, digital platforms, and logistics, both internally and externally, to reproduce expanded capitalism, resulting in fierce imperial battles among global powers. The article conceptualizes this historical process not only as “infrastructural capitalism,” a term that vividly embodies the materiality of expanded capitalism, but also the infrastructural power of labor to take root.
Zhao Liang's Behemoth (2015) and the Apocalypse of Ecological Visibility
Authors: Yu Chang-Min 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In confronting environmental catastrophes, how can we find a medium that can augment the view of these burning issues? How can we unfold the circularity that the seeming insignificance of particles at the micro level is inextricably, in sedimented spatiotemporal layers, linked to the pattern at the macro level? What if our media are found wanting for this task? These are the conundrums that Zhao Liang unpacks in Behemoth (2015) through its figuration of imbalanced ecology and the quest to interrogate the limit of medial visibility. The minimal discernibility of dust demands the film to instead contemplate mountains, bodies, and breaths to find its settled traces in atmospheric pervasion, anti-iconic moments, as well as a scalar narratology. Zhao strategizes to pixelate, splice open, abstract, and scale up and down natural and artificial landscapes that are equally under siege in China's industrialization. These tactics are deployed to better reveal the staggering and stagnating atomic magnitude of our living world in crisis.
Free-Living Sit-to-Stand Characteristics as Predictors of Lower Extremity Functional Decline among Older Adults
Authors: LÖPPÖNEN ANTTI , KARAVIRTA LAURA , FINNI TAIJA , PALMBERG LOTTA , PORTEGIJS ERJA , RANTANEN TAINA , DELECLUSE CHRISTOPHE , VAN ROIE EVELIEN , RANTALAINEN TIMO 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Purpose
Habitual strength and power-demanding activities of daily life may support the maintenance of adequate lower extremity functioning with aging, but this has been sparingly explored. Hence, we examined whether the characteristics of free-living sit-to-stand (STS) transitions predict a decline in lower extremity functioning over a 4-yr follow-up.

Methods
A total of 340 community-dwelling older adults (60% women; age 75, 80, or 85 yr) participated in this prospective cohort study. At baseline, a thigh-worn accelerometer was used continuously (3–7 d) to monitor the number and intensity of free-living STS transitions. A decline in lower extremity functioning was defined as a drop of ≥2 points in the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) from baseline to follow-up. Maximal isometric knee extension strength was measured in the laboratory.

Results
Eighty-five participants (75% women) declined in SPPB over 4 yr. After adjusting for age, sex, and baseline SPPB points, higher free-living peak STS angular velocity (odds ratio (OR), 0.70; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.52–0.92, per 20°·s−1 increase) protected against a future decline. When adjusting the model for maximal isometric knee extension strength, the statistical significance was attenuated (OR = 0.72; 95% CI = 0.54–0.96, per 20°·s−1 increase).

Conclusions
Performing STS transitions at higher velocities in the free-living environment can prevent a future decline in lower extremity function. This indicates that changes in daily STS behavior may be useful in the early identification of functional loss. Free-living peak STS angular velocity may be a factor underlying the longitudinal association of lower extremity strength and performance.
Spider bite presenting as fever, macrophage activation syndrome and a skin ulcer
Authors: Fedele Marco , Antonelli Mariangela , Carbone Egidio , Di Stefano Marco , Manna Raffaele , Addolorato Giovanni 
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Fever of unknown origin (FUO) refers to a condition of prolonged increased body temperature, without identified causes. The most common cause of FUO worldwide are infections; arthropod bites (loxoscelism) should be considered in view of the spread of the fiddleback spider. Loxoscelism can present in a cutaneous form (a necrotic cutaneous ulcer) or in a systemic form with fever, haemolytic anaemia, rhabdomyolysis and, rarely, macrophage activation syndrome (MAS). For this suspicion, it is important to have actually seen the spider. Case description: A 71-year-old man was admitted to our department because of intermittent fever, arthralgia and a necrotic skin lesion on his right forearm that appeared after gardening. Laboratory tests were negative for infectious diseases, and several courses of antibiotics were administered empirically without clinical benefit. Whole-body computed tomography showed multiple colliquative lymphadenomegalies, the largest one in the right axilla, presumably of reactive significance. A shave biopsy of the necrotic lesion was performed: culture tests were negative and histological examination showed non-specific necrotic material, so a second skin and lymph node biopsy was performed. The patient developed MAS for which he received corticosteroid therapy with clinical/laboratory benefit. Cutaneous and systemic loxoscelism complicated by MAS was diagnosed. Subsequently, the second biopsy revealed morphological and immunophenotypic findings consistent with primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (PC-ALCL). Conclusions: Skin lesions and lymphadenomegalies of unknown origin should always be biopsied. It is very common to get indeterminate results, but this does not justify not repeating the procedure to avoid misdiagnosis.
OPerative versus non-opERAtive management of isolated ULNAr diaphyseal fractures (OPERA-Ulna): protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Schneider Prism , Bajammal Sohail , Leighton Ross , Witges Kelcie , Rondeau Kimberly , Duffy Paul 
Published: May 2024

AimsIsolated fractures of the ulnar diaphysis are uncommon, occurring at a rate of 0.02 to 0.04 per 1,000 cases. Despite their infrequency, these fractures commonly give rise to complications, such as nonunion, limited forearm pronation and supination, restricted elbow range of motion, radioulnar synostosis, and prolonged pain. Treatment options for this injury remain a topic of debate, with limited research available and no consensus on the optimal approach. Therefore, this trial aims to compare clinical, radiological, and functional outcomes of two treatment methods: open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) versus nonoperative treatment in patients with isolated ulnar diaphyseal fractures.MethodsThis will be a multicentre, open-label, parallel randomized clinical trial (under National Clinical Trial number NCT01123447), accompanied by a parallel prospective cohort group for patients who meet the inclusion criteria, but decline randomization. Eligible patients will be randomized to one of the two treatment groups: 1) nonoperative treatment with closed reduction and below-elbow casting; or 2) surgical treatment with ORIF utilizing a limited contact dynamic compression plate and screw construct. The primary outcome measured will be the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire score at 12 months post-injury. Additionally, functional outcomes will be assessed using the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey and pain visual analogue scale, allowing for a comparison of outcomes between groups. Secondary outcome measures will encompass clinical outcomes such as range of motion and grip strength, radiological parameters including time to union, as well as economic outcomes assessed from enrolment to 12 months post-injury.Ethics and disseminationThis trial has been approved by the lead site Conjoint Health Research Ethics Board (CHREB; REB14-2004) and local ethics boards at each participating site. Findings from the trial will be disseminated through presentations at regional, national, and international scientific conferences and public forums. The primary results and secondary findings will be submitted for peer-reviewed publication.Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2024;5(5):411–418.
Comparison of the early postoperative outcomes of cementless and cemented medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty
Authors: Bayoumi Tarik , Burger Joost A. , van der List Jelle P. , Sierevelt Inger N. , Spekenbrink-Spooren Anneke , Pearle Andrew D. , Kerkhoffs Gino M. M. J. , Zuiderbaan Hendrik A. 
Published: May 2024

AimsThe primary objective of this registry-based study was to compare patient-reported outcomes of cementless and cemented medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) during the first postoperative year. The secondary objective was to assess one- and three-year implant survival of both fixation techniques.MethodsWe analyzed 10,862 cementless and 7,917 cemented UKA cases enrolled in the Dutch Arthroplasty Registry, operated between 2017 and 2021. Pre- to postoperative change in outcomes at six and 12 months’ follow-up were compared using mixed model analyses. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression models were applied to quantify differences in implant survival. Adjustments were made for patient-specific variables and annual hospital volume.ResultsChange from baseline in the Oxford Knee Score (OKS) and activity-related pain was comparable between groups. Adjustment for covariates demonstrated a minimally greater decrease in rest-related pain in the cemented group (β = -0.09 (95% confidence interval (CI) -0.16 to -0.01)). Cementless fixation was associated with a higher probability of achieving an excellent OKS outcome (> 41 points) (adjusted odds ratio 1.2 (95% CI 1.1 to 1.3)). The likelihood of one-year implant survival was greater for cemented implants (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.35 (95% CI 1.01 to 1.71)), with higher revision rates for periprosthetic fractures of cementless implants. During two to three years’ follow-up, the likelihood of implant survival was non-significantly greater for cementless UKA (adjusted HR 0.64 (95% CI 0.40 to 1.04)), primarily due to increased revision rates for tibial loosening of cemented implants.ConclusionCementless and cemented medial UKA led to comparable improvement in physical function and pain reduction during the initial postoperative year, albeit with a greater likelihood of achieving excellent OKS outcomes after cementless UKA. Anticipated differences in early physical function and pain should not be a decisive factor in the choice of fixation technique. However, surgeons should consider the differences in short- and long-term implant survival when deciding which implant to use.Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2024;5(5):401–410.
Dynamics of emergence and genetic diversity of dengue virus in Reunion Island from 2012 to 2022
Authors: Frumence Etienne , Wilkinson David A. , Klitting Raphaelle , Vincent Muriel , Mnemosyme Nicolas , Grard Gilda , Traversier Nicolas , Li-Pat-Yuen Ghislaine , Heaugwane Diana , Souply Laurent , Giry Claude , Paty Marie-Claire , Collet Louis ,   Local Laboratory Network, Gérardin Patrick , Thouillot Fabian , De Lamballerie Xavier , Jaffar-Bandjee Marie-Christine 
Published: May 2024

Background
Dengue is a major public health concern in Reunion Island, marked by recurrent epidemics, including successive outbreaks of dengue virus serotypes 1 and 2 (DENV1 and DENV2) with over 70,000 cases confirmed since 2017.

Methodology/Principal findings
In this study, we used Oxford Nanopore NGS technology for sequencing virologically-confirmed samples and clinical isolates collected between 2012 and 2022 to investigate the molecular epidemiology and evolution of DENV in Reunion Island. Here, we generated and analyzed a total of 499 DENV1, 360 DENV2, and 18 DENV3 sequences. By phylogenetic analysis, we show that different genotypes and variants of DENV have circulated in the past decade that likely originated from Seychelles, Mayotte and Southeast Asia and highly affected areas in Asia and Africa.

Conclusions/Significance
DENV sequences from Reunion Island exhibit a high genetic diversity which suggests regular introductions of new viral lineages from various Indian Ocean islands. The insights from our phylogenetic analysis may inform local health authorities about the endemicity of DENV variants circulating in Reunion Island and may improve dengue management and surveillance. This work emphasizes the importance of strong local coordination and collaboration to inform public health stakeholders in Reunion Island, neighboring areas, and mainland France.
Analysis of addiction craving onset through natural language processing of the online forum Reddit
Authors: Kramer Thea , Groh Georg , Stüben Nathalie , Soyka Michael 
Published: May 2024

Aims
Alcohol cravings are considered a major factor in relapse among individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD). This study aims to investigate the frequency and triggers of cravings in the daily lives of people with alcohol-related issues. Large amounts of data are analyzed with Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods to identify possible groupings and patterns.

Methods
For the analysis, posts from the online forum “stopdrinking” on the Reddit platform were used as the dataset from April 2017 to April 2022. The posts were filtered for craving content and processed using the word2vec method to map them into a multi-dimensional vector space. Statistical analyses were conducted to calculate the nature and frequency of craving contexts and triggers (location, time, social environment, and emotions) using word similarity scores. Additionally, the themes of the craving-related posts were semantically grouped using a Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic model. The accuracy of the results was evaluated using two manually created test datasets.

Results
Approximately 16% of the forum posts discuss cravings. The number of craving-related posts decreases exponentially with the number of days since the author’s last alcoholic drink. The topic model confirms that the majority of posts involve individual factors and triggers of cravings. The context analysis aligns with previous craving trigger findings related to the social environment, locations and emotions. Strong semantic craving similarities were found for the emotions boredom, stress and the location airport. The results for each method were successfully validated on test datasets.

Conclusions
This exploratory approach is the first to analyze alcohol cravings in the daily lives of over 24,000 individuals, providing a foundation for further AI-based craving analyses. The analysis confirms commonly known craving triggers and even discovers new important craving contexts.