bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
De Nederlandse herstelbemiddelingspraktijk in zedenzaken
Authors: Verijdt Sanne , de la Cousine Nathalie 
Published: April 2024

The Dutch restorative mediation practice in sexual offenses
In this article we explain the practice of restorative mediation from Perspectief Herstelbemiddeling in sexual offenses. You can read about the increasing numbers of cases of sexual assault and abuse reported. Furthermore we will explain why sexual offenses cost more time, the diversity in sexual offenses and why a careful preparation is crucial. Two mediators explain what it means and what is needed in cases like this. Finally, there is also an inspiring story of a victim of sexual abuse and her experience with restorative justice.
Zajištění nezletilých cizinců a zvláštní standardy Evropské úmluvy o lidských právech: jejich výklad a použití v českém právu
Authors: Svoboda Tomáš 
Published: April 2024

V roce 2022 bylo v českých detenčních zařízeních pro migranty zadrženo téměř 300 dětí. Předchozí výzkumy ukázaly, že detence migrantů může představovat porušení různých systémů ochrany základních práv a svobod. První otázka si kladla za cíl zjistit, jaké jsou aktuální standardy ESLP ohledně ohledně zajištění nezletilých cizinců, druhá pak zjišťovala, jak je tento standard zohledněn v zákoně o pobytu cizinců. Nakonec článek posuzoval výklad těchto podmínek vnitrostátními soudy prizmatem zásady efektivní ochrany lidských práv obsažené v EÚLP. Zajištění dětí je z hlediska práva na svobodu krajní možností, kterou umožňuje kombinace velmi výjimečných faktorů. Ze zákazu mučení je pak možné odvodit konkrétní podmínky ve vztahu k detenčnímu zařízení: organizačně-režimová opatření, materiálně-technický stav zařízení a věk dítěte přímo ovlivní možnou délku detence, přičemž klíčovým faktorem je plynutí času. Za největší problém současné právní úpravy považuje autor skutečnost, že zákon o pobytu cizinců se vůbec nezabývá konceptem zranitelnosti. Normativní analýza dvou vybraných případů Ústavního soudu a Nejvyššího správního soudu nastínila nesrovnalosti s judikaturou ESLP. Ústavní soud zejména podcenil význam organizačních a režimových opatření a přítomnost prvků vězeňského typu, zatímco Nejvyšší správní soud nesprávně reflektoval potřebu alternativ k detenci a vnímání detence jako krajní možnosti.
Economic aspects of the functioning of services in the field of higher education in the consumer cooperation system
Authors: Чистякова О.А. , Жданова Е.В. 
Published: April 2024

целью исследования является систематизация экономических основ функционирования услуг в сфере высшего образования системы потребительской кооперации. Методы: представленное исследование базируется не на отдельных методах, а на их совокупности. При проведении исследования использованы когнитивный и системный подходы. Результаты: авторами проведена систематизация понятие «услуга» в сфере высшего образования. Представлена динамика обучающихся по ступеням высшего образования в Российской Федерации. В работе отмечен объем оказания услуг в кооперативных образовательных организациях. В рамках исследования сделана попытка оценки эффективности образовательной деятельности с позиции социально-экономических задач страны по методике Шульца Т. Выводы: по результатам проведенного исследования авторами отмечена популярность получения высшего образования в России. Оценка эффективности образовательной деятельности с позиции социально-экономических задач страны показала, что существующие методики достаточно сложно применить в текущих реалиях по причине достаточно скромной статистики и отсутствия инструментария.
the purpose of the study is to systematize the economic foundations of the functioning of services in the field of higher education in the consumer cooperation system. Methods: the presented research is based not on separate methods, but on their combination. Cognitive and systems approaches are used to conduct the research. Findings: the authors systematized the concept of “service” in the field of higher education. The dynamics of students of higher education in the Russian Federation is presented. The work notes the volume of services provided in cooperative educational organizations. As part of the study, an attempt is made to assess the effectiveness of educational activities from the perspective of the country's socio-economic objectives using the method of T. Schultz. Conclusions: based on the results of the study, the authors note the popularity of higher education in Russia. An assessment of the effectiveness of educational activities from the perspective of the country’s socio-economic objectives has shown that existing methods are quite difficult to apply in current realities due to insufficient statistics and a lack of tools.
Modeling of the economic dynamics of an operating segment of an enterprise based on homogeneous second-order difference equations
Authors: Витинская А.В. , Захарова Я.А. , Нечаев О.Н. 
Published: April 2024

неоклассическая теория производства, получившая широкое развитие в начале и середине прошлого века, в последний период не развивается столь же бурными темпами: нет ни новых теоретических результатов оценок эффективности в паре «затраты – результат», ни результатов в оценках эффективных вложений собственных и заемных средств на рынках готовой продукции, материальных факторов и перспективных технологий. В настоящей публикации авторы поднимают новую проблему, связанную с оценкой эффективности отложенных во времени инвестиций в рабочий капитал промышленной корпорации с учетом внешних и внутренних рисков. Показана и с использованием практических расчетов обоснована перспективность применения при решении этой проблемы инструментария однородных разностных уравнений второго порядка, которые до настоящего времени в экономическом анализе не использовались (авторам такого рода публикации не известны). Этот инструментарий позволяет значительно упростить модельные расчеты для случая временного лага инвестиций в рабочий капитал, например, в один производственно-коммерческий цикл и провести анализ влияния на динамику выпуска операционного сегмента таких важных эндогенных параметров, как соотношения объемов собственных и заемных средств в инвестиционном капитале и стоимости составляющих рабочего капитала корпорации.the neoclassical theory of production, which was widely developed at the beginning and middle of the last century, has not developed at the same rapid pace in the recent period: there are neither new theoretical results in assessing the efficiency of the "input-output" pair, nor practical results in assessing the effective applications of own and borrowed funds in the markets of finished products, material factors and technologies. In the present publication the authors have raised a new problem related to the estimation of the efficiency of time-deferred investment in the working capital of an industrial corporation taking into account external and internal risks. The authors show and substantiate with the use of practical calculations the prospect of using in solving this problem the toolkit of homogeneous difference equations of the second order, which have not been used in economic analysis so far (the authors are not aware of such publications). This toolkit makes it possible to simplify considerably the model calculations for the case of time lag of investments, for example, in one production and commercial cycle and to analyze the influence of such important endogenous parameters as the volumes of own and borrowed funds in the investment capital and the values of the components of the working capital of the corporation on the dynamics of the output of the operating segment.
Cryptographic methods to protect personal data in financial transactions
Authors: Овчаренко А.А. 
Published: April 2024

цель рассмотреть актуальные проблема обеспечения экономической безопасности через применение криптографических методов защиты личных данных в финансовых транзакциях. Проанализировать современные способы защиты конфиденциальности и целостности данных в цифровой экономике, освещая последние тенденции и инновационные подходы в финансовой криптографии. Внимание уделяется анализу и внедрению эффективных криптографических алгоритмов и протоколов, способных обеспечить безопасное шифрование и аутентификацию данных, а также защиту от несанкционированного доступа и атак. В работе представлены примеры успешных технологий криптографии для различных финансовых сервисов, включая онлайн-платежи, банковские переводы и системы цифровой идентификации. В заключении статьи подчеркивается, что применение криптографии является ключевым элементом в стратегии обеспечения экономической безопасности в условиях глобализации и цифровизации экономики.
the goal is to consider the current problem of ensuring economic security using cryptographic methods for protecting personal data in financial transactions; to analyze modern ways to protect confidentiality and data integrity in the digital economy, highlighting the latest trends and innovative approaches in financial cryptography. Attention is paid to the analysis and implementation of effective cryptographic algorithms and protocols that can provide secure encryption and authentication of data, as well as protection against unauthorized access and attacks. The paper presents examples of successful cryptography technologies for various financial services, including online payments, bank transfers and digital identification systems. In conclusion, the article emphasizes that the use of cryptography is a key element in the strategy for ensuring economic security in the context of globalization and digitalization of the economy.
Problems and prospects of the railway transit potential of the Russian Federation from participation in the "One Belt, One Road" project
Authors: Чжао Ц. 
Published: April 2024

инициатива «Один пояс, один путь» (ОПОП), представленная Китаем в 2013 году, в нынешнем понимании и позиционировании представляет собой весьма обширную сеть инфраструктурных проектов, которые направлены на соединение Азии с Европой и Африкой по суше и морю (соответствующие маршруты). Одним из важнейших аспектов данных разработок является задействования потенциала железнодорожного транзита. Соответствующие предпринимаемые шаги ориентированы на развитие таких сетей – в целях эффективного перемещения товаров и людей на большие расстояния. Полноценное и адекватное осмысление возможностей такого транзита в рамках ОПОП позволяет грамотно оценивать его экономические, социальные, а также геополитические последствия. Проект «Один пояс, один путь» в своей структуре представлен строительством и модернизацией железнодорожной инфраструктуры вдоль древних маршрутов Шелкового пути, соединяющих Китай с Европой, Центральной Азией и за ее пределами. Особенно подчеркивается развитие трансконтинентальных ж/д коридоров для того, чтобы облегчить торговлю и существенно расширить связи между регионами. С учётом обозначенного выше в качестве цели написания статьи автором ставится исследование проблематики и перспектив железнодорожного транзитного потенциала РФ от участия в проекте «Один пояс, один путь».
the One Belt, One Road Initiative (OBOR), introduced by China in 2013, in its current understanding and positioning, represents a very extensive network of infrastructure projects aimed at connecting Asia with Europe and Africa by land and sea (corresponding routes). One of the most important aspects of these developments is the use of the potential of rail transit. The relevant steps being taken are focused on the development of such networks in order to effectively move goods and people over long distances. A full and adequate understanding of the possibilities of such transit within the framework of the OBOR makes it possible to competently assess its economic, social, as well as geopolitical consequences. The One Belt, One Road project in its structure is represented by the construction and modernization of railway infrastructure along the ancient routes of the Silk Road connecting China with Europe, Central Asia and beyond. The development of transcontinental railway corridors is particularly emphasized in order to facilitate trade and significantly expand ties between the regions. Taking into account the above, as the purpose of writing the article, the author sets out to study the problems and prospects of the railway transit potential of the Russian Federation from participation in the "One Belt, One Way" project.
Hybridization of Data Mining and Genetic Algorithm as a way to create an effective approach for solving the routing problem at the “last-mile” stage in e-commerce
Authors: Гольцов И.С. 
Published: April 2024

интернет-торговля в современном мире развивается огромными темпами. Одним из важнейших этапов логистики в этой сфере является доставка «последней мили». Для повышения ее эффективности можно применять различные средства автоматизации, создание которых обычно сопряжено с разработкой и анализом математических моделей и методов. В статье рассматривается задача маршрутизации транспорта с ограничениями на временные окна как одна из важнейших математических задач, решение которой помогает в создании автоматизированных интеллектуальных систем для оптимизации доставки «последней мили». В ходе исследования для решения задачи предлагается и программно реализуется модификация двухфазного кластерного алгоритма на основе гибридизации генетического алгоритма и техник Data Mining. Производится оценка работы алгоритма, а также сравнение результатов его работы с наилучшими известными решениями. В ходе сравнения выявляется, что алгоритм имеет перспективы применения в реальных прикладных задачах, показывает хорошие результаты по одному из рассматриваемых критериев. Кроме того, разработанный алгоритм позволяет варьировать параметры для регулировки важности критериев. Представленные в статье исследования способствуют развитию математического аппарата для создания автоматизированных систем построения маршрутов на этапе доставки «последней мили».e-commerce in today's world is developing at a tremendous pace. One of the most important stages of logistics in this sphere is last-mile delivery. To improve its efficiency, various automation tools can be applied, the creation of which is usually associated with the development and analysis of mathematical models and methods. The paper considers the problem of transport routing with constraints on time windows as one of the most important mathematical problems, the solution of which helps in the creation of automated intelligent systems to optimize the delivery of the "last mile". In the course of the research, a modification of a two-phase cluster algorithm based on hybridization of genetic algorithm and Data Mining techniques is proposed and programmatically implemented to solve the problem. The performance of the algorithm is evaluated and its results are compared with the best-known solutions. The comparison reveals that the algorithm has prospects of application in real applied problems, shows good results on one of the considered criteria. In addition, the developed algorithm allows varying the parameters to adjust the importance of the criteria. The research presented in the paper contributes to the development of mathematical apparatus for creating automated route building systems at the last mile delivery stage.
The Post-war Power Station and the Persistence of an English Landscape Tradition
Authors: Waites Ian 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This chapter will examine the aesthetics of the design, arrangement and siting of two post-war power stations: West Burton, which was built on the Nottinghamshire-Lincolnshire border between 1961 and 1969, and Didcot in Oxfordshire, which was completed in 1970. It will firstly consider the manner in which West Burton was designed as an attempt to ‘naturalise’ this modern, but otherwise quite alien, development within the surrounding lowland countryside. From there, the chapter will go on to argue that the design of West Burton, and the way it was represented in journals like The Architectural Review was defined by a working awareness of the traditions and principles of eighteenth-century Picturesque theory and of the modernist revival of those ideas – specifically Nikolaus Pevsner’s belief that the aesthetic potential of functional building planning should especially be conditioned by an attention to site and viewpoint. It will then be seen how Didcot was pictorially organised with respect to surrounding historical landscape features, and how this was reflective of a postwar ‘neo-romantic’ notion that past, present, and future could coalesce in the English countryside.
Introduction: Current Relevance and Future Potential of South-eastern Europe in Palaeolithic Research
Authors: Ruiz-Redondo Aitor , Davies William 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The Balkan Peninsula has acted as a crossroads between Asia and Europe throughout human history. Different waves of prehistoric human migration passed through this territory over time (Homo erectus, Homo heidelbergensis, Homo neanderthalensis, Homo sapiens, early farmers…). Probably this important role boosted the early archaeological explorations in the area, and, perhaps, is still behind the recent ‘blossoming’ of research projects and key discoveries. Nevertheless, South-eastern Europe was more than a mere ‘corridor’ for some prehistoric groups, who made this area their home. The exceptional nature of a number of sites and discoveries points to this fact. In this introduction, we summarise the history of Palaeolithic research from the early discoveries in the 19th century to the latest breakthroughs. The latest developments and the archaeological potential of this territory anticipate a promising future for Early Prehistoric research in South-eastern Europe.
Lower Palaeolithic Settlement of the Balkans: Evidence from Caves and Open-air Sites
Authors: Mihailović Dušan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
It is assumed that the Balkan Peninsula may have represented a major migratory corridor and the area where hominin groups initially adapted to the ecological conditions of the temperate climate during the Early and Middle Pleistocene. Until recently, these ideas could only be assessed hypothetically, due to the very small number of identified archaeological sites. This situation changed with discoveries of sites in the Lower Danube (Kozarnika, Dealul Guran), Aegean (Kokkinopilos, Marathousa 1, Rodafnidia) and Central Balkan (Balanica Cave Complex) regions, which presented artefacts in stratigraphic contexts, most of them well-dated. In addition to these sites, a large number of Lower and Middle Palaeolithic surface lithic scatters have been recorded in the Central and Southern Balkans. Concentrations of finds were recorded on the highest river terraces and in the vicinity of mineral deposits. Recent research provides preliminary insights into the cultural, demographic and behavioural changes in the Lower Palaeolithic of South-eastern Europe, the issues of the Lower to Middle Palaeolithic transition, and the connections with Anatolia and the Middle East. It has been established that there is great potential for research directed towards the identification of Lower Palaeolithic sites in fluvial and lacustrine geological settings.
The Middle Palaeolithic of South-eastern Europe
Authors: Karavanić Ivor , Banda Marko 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This chapter reviews the Middle Palaeolithic of South-eastern Europe in light of the results obtained by recent research. A large territory from Slovenia in the north to Greece in the south and from Croatia in the west to Bulgaria and Romania in the east is covered by the chapter. The chronology and characteristics of defined technocomplexes from MIS 7 to MIS 3 are presented and discussed in their functional and environmental context. Examples of these technocomplexes include the so-called South-eastern European (Balkan) Charentian, so-called Micromousterian as both Charentian and a kind of Denticulate Mousterian, Typical Mousterian with Levallois technology and often with bifacial points and other industrial variants that appeared in the region during this period. We primarily consider aspects of technology, typology and stone raw-material procurement in chronological and regional context, but also included are aspects of palaeoecology and other patterns in our interpretations.
Between the Aegean and the Adriatic: The Balkan Palaeolithic and the Sea
Authors: Galanidou Nena , Papoulia Christina 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Focusing on the southern tip of the Balkan Peninsula, this chapter discusses the paradigm shift towards an archaeology that incorporates the Quaternary Sea and investigates the profound effect of the fluctuating sea-levels on (a) Palaeolithic hunter gatherers and (b) archaeological visibility. It examines the sea as a resource, a water-crossing challenge and a terrestrial route to novel territories at periods of low sea-level stand. In tune with Continental Shelf Archaeology it describes two research projects in islands of the central Ionian Sea (Lefkas and the Inner Ionian Archipelago) and the north-east Aegean Sea (Lesbos) that address the ways Palaeolithic groups responded to climate and sea-level change, and their initial attempts to cross the sea or the land bridges that emerged as windows of opportunity for dispersal during times of low sea-level stands.
Prevalence of Different Types of Eating Disorder in Different Endurance Sports and its Impact on Performance: A Narrative Review
Authors: Sheikh MS , Zutshi K , Aman I 
Published: April 2024

Endurance sports have shown prominent effects in aerobic capacity, cardio-protection, prevention or treatment of diabetic mellitus, athletic body composition and bone density. Despite of these positive effects, these sports may leads to risk factor of eating disorder. It has been found in several studies that athletes are more prone to eating disorder (ED) than the non athletic population. Thus the aim and objective of this review is to critically analyze the literature to evaluate different types of eating disorder among athletes and its impact on their performance among endurance athletes. The significance of this review is to provide information about further exploration in eating disorder athletes so that it may hopefully help clinicians and physiotherapist in planning individualized exercise programs that would be beneficial at improving outcomes in these sports person. Result suggested that antigravitational sports are at higher risk of ED when compared with endurance sports whereas endurance sports athletes are at more risk when compared with ball sports or triathletes. It has be also found out that initially ED may result in performance but later it will leads to low performance because athletes with EDs will physiological and psychological disorders.
KEYWORDS: Eating Disorder OR Anorexia OR Bulimia OR Endurance Sports OR Athlete OR Performance