bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Development of a Formal Catalytic Asymmetric [4 + 2] Addition of Ethyl‐2,3‐butadienoate with Acyclic Enones.
Authors: Ashtekar Kumar Dilip , Staples Richard J. , Borhan Babak 
Published: February 2012

AbstractBoth enantiomers of the dihydropyrans are obtained applying alkaloid‐derived catalysts (I) or (II), respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Tetrapropylammonium Perruthenate Catalyzed Glycol Cleavage to Carboxylic (Di)Acids.
Authors: Schmidt Andrea‐Katharina C. , Stark Christian B. W. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe reaction uses NMO as a sole oxidant and is applied to a wide range of diols leading to the carboxylic acids, bisacids and esters.
ChemInform Abstract: Bi(OTf)3‐, TfOH‐, and TMSOTf‐Mediated, One‐Pot Epoxide Rearrangement, Addition, and Intramolecular Silyl‐Modified Sakurai (ISMS) Cascade Toward Dihydropyrans: Comparison of Catalysts and Role of Bi(OTf)3.
Authors: Lambert R. Frederick , Hinkle Robert J. , Ammann Stephen E. , Lian Yajing , Liu Jia , Lewis Shane E. , Pike Robert D. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractBi(OTf)3 efficiently promotes the reaction to produce a number of cis‐substituted dihydropyrans.
ChemInform Abstract: Axial‐Selectivity in Prins Cyclization Reaction: Synthesis of 4‐Iodotetrahydropyrans.
Authors: Saikia Anil K. , Bondalapati Somasekhar , Indukuri Kiran , Gogoi Paramartha 
Published: February 2012

AbstractA highly diastereoselective synthesis of the title compounds (III) and (VI) is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Isochromene and Related Derivatives by Rhodium‐Catalyzed Oxidative Coupling of Benzyl and Allyl Alcohols with Alkynes.
Authors: Morimoto Keisuke , Hirano Koji , Satoh Tetsuya , Miura Masahiro 
Published: February 2012

AbstractIt provides a straightforward method to prepare isochromenes and related compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Solution Phase Photocyclization Reaction of 2‐Hydroxychalcones to 4‐Flavanones.
Authors: Kamboj Ramesh C. , Berar Surinder , Berar Urmila , Gupta Satish C. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe introduced synthesis of flavanones (IV) and (VIII) is an eco‐friendly route with comparative yields to those of thermal methods.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Michael Addition of Malonates to 2‐Enoylpyridine N‐Oxides Catalyzed by Chiral Bisoxazoline—Zn(II) Complex.
Authors: Ray Sumit K. , Singh Pradeep K. , Singh Vinod K. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe reaction is general for various N‐oxides tolerating aromatic, aliphatic and alkenic substituents and affords the products with enantioselectivities up to 96% e.e.
ChemInform Abstract: Negishi Cross‐Coupling Reactions Catalyzed by an Aminophosphine‐Based Nickel System: A Reliable and General Applicable Reaction Protocol for the High‐Yielding Synthesis of Biaryls.
Authors: Gerber Roman , Frech Christian M. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractA wide range of aromatic and heteroaromatic bromides reacts with biaryl zinc derivatives to provide the corresponding biaryl products.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium‐Catalyzed C—H Activation and Conjugate Addition under Mild Conditions.
Authors: Yang Luo , Correia Camille A. , Li Chao‐Jun 
Published: February 2012

AbstractPhenylpyridine analogues (I), (IV), and (VI) smoothly react with cyclohexenone (II) to produce the corresponding conjugate addition product, regardless of the electronic nature of the substituents.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Cytotoxity of Novel Benzopyran Derivatives.
Authors: Tripathi Anil K. , Mukherjee Debaraj , Koul Surrinder , Taneja Subhash C. , Agrawal Satyam K. , Sharma Parduman R. , Saxena Ajit K. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe synthesis of hitherto unknown pyridyl‐substituted benzopyran derivatives is achieved in moderate to high yields involving the introduction of a pyridyl moiety in the benzopyran system as the key step.
ChemInform Abstract: L‐Proline Anchored Multicomponent Synthesis of Novel Pyrido[2,3‐a]carbazoles; Investigation of in vitro Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Cytotoxicity and Structure—Activity Relationship Studies.
Authors: Indumathi T. , Ahamed V. S. Jamal , Moon Surk‐Sik , Fronczek Frank R. , Prasad K. J. Rajendra 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe compounds (IV) and (VI) are tested in vitro for their antimicrobial activities against four bacteria and two fungi.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot, Three‐Component Synthesis of 1,4‐Dihydropyridines in PEG‐400.
Authors: Wang Xicun , Gong Haipeng , Quan Zhengjun , Li Lei , Ye Helin 
Published: February 2012

AbstractPolyethylene glycol 400 is shown to be a suitable solvent for the one‐pot condensation of aldehydes, β‐dicarbonyl compounds and ammonium acetate to give Hantzsch 1,4‐dihydropyridines of type (III).
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile Synthesis of Substituted 2‐Alkylquinolines Through [3 + 3] Annulation Between 3‐Ethoxycyclobutanones and Aromatic Amines at Room Temperature.
Authors: Shan Gang , Sun Xiuyun , Xia Qian , Rao Yu 
Published: February 2012

AbstractA one‐pot method is developed for the synthesis of functionalized quinolines from easily accessible starting materials at ambient temperature.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium(II)‐Catalyzed Dehydrogenative Alkenylation of Cyclic Enaminones via the Fujiwara—Moritani Reaction.
Authors: Yu Yi‐Yun , Niphakis Micah J. , Georg Gunda I. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractA variety of nonaromatic mono‐ and bicyclic enaminones is coupled with alkenes to afford 1,3‐dienes.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel‐Catalyzed Chelation‐Assisted Transformations Involving ortho C—H Bond Activation: Regioselective Oxidative Cycloaddition of Aromatic Amides to Alkynes.
Authors: Shiota Hirotaka , Ano Yusuke , Aihara Yoshinori , Fukumoto Yoshiya , Chatani Naoto 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe new catalytic system takes advantage of the chelation assistance by the 2‐pyrididylmethylamine moiety.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel‐Catalyzed Cycloaddition of Aromatic (O‐Benzyl)ketoximes with Alkynes to Produce Isoquinoline and Isoquinoline N‐Oxide Derivatives.
Authors: Yoshida Yuji , Kurahashi Takuya , Matsubara Seijiro 
Published: February 2012

AbstractAn imidamide bearing a NMe2‐group instead one of the aryls does not give the desired product.
ChemInform Abstract: Intramolecular Povarov Reactions Involving 3‐Aminocoumarins.
Authors: Kudale Amit A. , Miller David O. , Dawe Louise N. , Bodwell Graham J. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractAn intramolecular version of the Povarov reaction using aminocoumarins (I) and benzaldehydes bearing a pendant dienophile, is conducted under mild conditions and with high endo/exo selectivity to afford new heterocycles with a common pentacyclic core.
ChemInform Abstract: Rearrangement of Aryl‐ and Benzylthiopyridinium Imides with Participation of a Methyl Substituent.
Authors: Palko Roberta , Egyed Orsolya , Riedl Zsuzsanna , Rokob Tibor Andras , Hajos Gyoergy 
Published: February 2012

AbstractTreatment of pyridinium imides of type (I) with an excess of isocyanates allows a new access to biologically important imidazopyridinones.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 1,2‐Dihydroxyindolizidines from 1‐(2‐Pyridyl)‐2‐propen‐1‐ol.
Authors: Giomi Donatella , Alfini Renzo , Micoli Alessandra , Calamai Elisa , Faggi Cristina , Brandi Alberto 
Published: February 2012

AbstractTreatment of the propenol (I) with bromine followed by reduction and hydroxylation allows a facile access to 1,2‐dihydroxyindolizidines.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient and Efficient Protocol for the Synthesis of 4(1H)‐Cinnolones, 1,4‐Dihydrocinnolines, and Cinnolines in Aqueous Medium: Application for Detection of Nitrite Ions.
Authors: Dey Raju , Ranu Brindaban C. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractRichter cyclization of o‐alkynylaniline derivatives with sodium nitrite in diluted hydrochloric acid provides an efficient access towards 4(1H)‐cinnolones (II) and (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: 1,3‐Dihydro‐2H‐indol‐2‐ones Derivatives: Design, Synthesis, in vitro Antibacterial, Antifungal and Antitubercular Study.
Authors: Akhaja Tarunkumar Nanjibhai , Raval Jignesh Priyakant 
Published: February 2012

AbstractA variety of new pyrimidinylthiadiazolyliminoindolone derivatives (IX) (12 examples) is synthesized and evaluated for antimicrobial effects.
ChemInform Abstract: Green Synthesis and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Some New Trifluoromethyl‐Substituted Hexahydropyrimidine by Grinding.
Authors: Zohdi Hussein F. , Rateb Nora M. , Elnagdy Sherif M. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractA simple and efficient one‐pot three‐component synthesis of the title compounds (IV) is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antiviral Activity of 2‐Aryl‐3‐(substituted‐benzalamino)‐4(3H)‐quinazolinones.
Authors: Pandey Shradha , Singh Pravin K. , Siddiqui I. R. , Singh Jagdamba 
Published: February 2012

AbstractNew quinazolinones (VIa) and (VIIIa) show good antiviral activities comparable to the reference drug ningnanmycin.
ChemInform Abstract: Chelation‐Assisted Palladium‐Catalyzed High Regioselective Heck Diarylation Reaction of 9‐Allyl‐9H‐purine: Synthesis of 9‐(3,3‐Diaryl‐allyl)‐9H‐purines.
Authors: Guo Hai‐Ming , Rao Wei‐Hao , Niu Hong‐Ying , Jiang Li‐Li , Liang Lei , Zhang Yang , Qu Gui‐Rong 
Published: February 2012

AbstractRegioselective diarylation of 9‐allyl‐9H‐purine (I) proceeds via chelation‐assisted Heck reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Pd/Cu‐Catalyzed C‐8 Direct Alkenylation of Purines and Related Azoles: An Alternative Access to 6,8,9‐Trisubstituted Purines.
Authors: Vabre Roxane , Chevot Franciane , Legraverend Michel , Piguel Sandrine 
Published: February 2012

AbstractIt allows an efficient access to various C‐8 alkenylated purines and related compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Procedure for the Coupling of Sterically Hindered Electron‐Deficient Anilines to the 6‐Position of the Purine Core.
Authors: Leenders Ruben , Heeres Jan , Vandenput Dirk , Guillemont Jerome , Lewi Paul 
Published: February 2012

AbstractSterically hindered, electron‐deficient anilines couple to the 6‐position of the purine core only if activated as their corresponding TFA‐amides [cf.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic Sequential Hetero‐Diels—Alder and Friedel—Crafts Reaction: Constructions of Fused Heterocycles with Scaffold Diversity.
Authors: Zhou Si‐Li , Li Jun‐Long , Dong Lin , Chen Ying‐Chun 
Published: February 2012

AbstractA wide range of aliphatic aldehydes tethered to an arene motif reacts with N‐tosyl‐1‐azadiene (I) to afford three‐ to four‐cyclic products with high yields and excellent enantioselectivities and complete diastereoselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Iminoiodane‐Mediated Aminolactonization of Olefins: Application to the Synthesis of 5,5‐Disubstituted Butyrolactones.
Authors: Karila Delphine , Leman Loic , Dodd Robert H. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractFive‐ and six‐membered heterocycles such as tetrahydrofurans, tetrahydropyrans, cyclic carbamates are obtained with good yields from the starting styrene‐derived 1‐propanoates or butanoates.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Synthesis of 3,3′,4,4′‐Tetrahydro‐4,4′‐bibenzo[e][1,3]oxazine‐2,2′‐dione Derivatives with the Aid of Low‐Valent Titanium.
Authors: Dou Guolan , Sun Fang , Zhao Xuan , Shi Daqing 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe method features a successful reductive coupling of salicylidenephenylhydrazones and triphosgene.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot, Three‐Component Synthesis of Novel δ‐Sultam Scaffolds via N‐Sulfonylation—Intramolecular Michael Sequences.
Authors: Ghandi Mehdi , Nazari Seyed Hadi , Bozcheloei Abolfazl Hasani , Sadeghazadeh Masoud , Kia Reza 
Published: February 2012

AbstractOne‐pot three‐component reaction of 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds, styrenesulfonyl chlorides and amines is supposed to proceed via N‐sulfonylation—intramolecular Michael addition sequence to yield novel δ‐sultam derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Stille Coupling Reactions of 3‐Chloro‐5‐halo(pseudohalo)‐4H‐1,2,6‐thiadiazin‐4‐ones.
Authors: Ioannidou Heraklidia A. , Kizas Christos , Koutentis Panayiotis A. 
Published: February 2012

Abstract3‐Chloro‐thiadiazine triflate reacts with tributyltin arenes chemoselectively to give only the 5‐aryl‐3‐chloro‐4H‐1,2,6‐thiadiazin‐4‐ones.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Anticonvulsant Activity of Some New Thiazolo[3,2‐a][1,3]diazepine, Benzo[d]thiazolo[5,2‐a][12,6]diazepine and Benzo[d]oxazolo[5,2‐a][12,6]diazepine Analogues.
Authors: El‐Subbagh Hussein I. , Hassan Ghada S. , El‐Azab Adel S. , Abdel‐Aziz Alaa A.‐M. , Kadi Adnan A. , Al‐Obaid Abdulrahman M. , Al‐Shabanah Othman A. , Sayed‐Ahmed Mohamed M. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe compounds (IV), (V), (VII), and (IX) are screened for their anticonvulsant activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed 1,4‐Addition of Diarylphosphines to α,β‐Unsaturated Aldehydes.
Authors: Chen Yun‐Rong , Duan Wei‐Liang 
Published: February 2012

AbstractPincer‐Pd catalyst (Ia) is effective in the 1,4‐addition reaction of diaryl phosphines to α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes to afford the enantioenriched phosphines with high yields and enantioselectivities [cf.
ChemInform Abstract: Azulen‐1‐yl Diazenes Substituted at C‐3 with Phenyl‐Chalcogene Moieties: Dye Synthesis, Product Characterization and Properties.
Authors: Razus Alexandru C. , Birzan Liviu , Cristea Mihaela , Dragu Eugenia Andreea , Hanganu Anamaria 
Published: February 2012

AbstractA series of azulen‐1‐yl diazenes substituted at C‐3 with phenyl‐chalcogene moieties is prepared by 2 synthetic strategies.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Syntheses of Drimane‐Type Sesquiterpenoids Enabled by a Gold‐Catalyzed Tandem Reaction.
Authors: Shi Hang , Fang Lichao , Tan Ceheng , Shi Lili , Zhang Weibin , Li Chuang‐chuang , Luo Tuoping , Yang Zhen 
Published: February 2012

Abstract1,7‐Diynes undergo with both internal and external nucleophiles a novel cascade transformation which involves the construction of five chemical bonds, two rings, and two stereogenic centers in a single step.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of α,β‐Diamino Acid Derivatives via Mannich‐Type Reactions of a Chiral Ni(II) Complex of Glycine with N‐Tosyl Imines.
Authors: Song Guowei , Jin Meihong , Li Zhenjiang , Ouyang Pingkai 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThis general two‐step approach to α,β‐diamino acids (IV) is composed of an asymmetric Mannich‐type reaction between imines (II) and a Ni(II) complex of glycine as the chiral auxiliary, cf.
ChemInform Abstract: Practical Synthesis of Cyclic Bis(3′‐5′)diadenylic Acid (c‐di‐AMP).
Authors: Suzuki Noritaka , Oyama Kin‐ichi , Tsukamoto Masaki 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe title compound, which is commercially available in a 1 μmol unit, is synthesized on an 80 μmol scale from the commercially available phosphoramidite (I) via deprotection of the precursor (IV) by conventional procedures.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereoselective Synthesis and Bioactivity of Long‐Chain anti‐2‐Amino‐3‐alkanols.
Authors: Chen Bi‐Shuang , Yang Long‐He , Ye Jian‐Liang , Huang Tao , Ruan Yuan‐Ping , Fu Jin , Huang Pei‐Qiang 
Published: February 2012

AbstractReetzs method for the asymmetric synthesis of β‐amino alcohols is improved by development of a one‐pot Swern oxidation/organometallic reagent addition procedure.
ChemInform Abstract: Concise Synthesis of Riccardin C, Macrocyclic Bisbibenzyl Natural Product.
Authors: Takiguchi Hiromu , Ohmori Ken , Suzuki Keisuke 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe key step for the title synthesis is the intramolecular SNAr reaction of the compound (II), which is the product of a diimide reduction keeping the sulfinyl group intact.
ChemInform Abstract: An Organoselenium‐Based Highly Sensitive and Selective Fluorescent “Turn‐On” Probe for the Hg2+ Ion.
Authors: Kumar Abhishek , Singh Jai Deo 
Published: February 2012

AbstractN(CH2CH2SePh)3 (I) is a practical and economical Hg2+ fluorescent “turn‐on” probe, which does not require any external fluorophore.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Antileukemic Agents Derived from Tamibarotene and Nitric Oxide Donors.
Authors: Bian Haiyong , Feng Jinhong , Li Minyong , Xu Wenfang 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe compounds (I) and (II) are screened in vitro for their antiproliferative effects against human leukemic HL‐60, NB4 and K562 cell lines.
Study on CO2 Absorption Kinetics by Aqueous Solutions of N,N‐Diethylethanolamine and N‐Ethylethanolamine
Authors: Vaidya Prakash D. , Kenig Eugeny Y. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractN‐Ethylethanolamin (EEA) und N,N‐Diethylethanolamin (DEEA) sind vielversprechende Alkanolamine für die CO2‐Entfernung aus Prozessgasen, die aus erneuerbaren Quellen gewonnen werden können. In dieser Arbeit wurden die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeitskonstante der Reaktion zwischen CO2 und EEA sowie der flüssigseitige Stofftransportkoeffizient basierend auf den Absorptionsratenmessungen in einer Mischung aus DEEA/EEA/H2O bestimmt. Für die Absorptionsuntersuchungen wurde ein Doppelrührzellenreaktor verwendet. Zur Beschreibung der Reaktionskinetik wurden ein Zwitterion‐Mechanismus für EEA und ein basisch katalysierter Hydrierungsmechanismus für DEEA gewählt.
Cocaine‐Using Patients With a Normal or Nondiagnostic Electrocardiogram: Single‐Photon Emission Computed Tomography Myocardial Perfusion Imaging and Outcome
Authors: Hendel Robert C. , Ruthazer Robin , Chaparro Sandra , Martinez Claudia , Selker Harry P. , Beshansky Joni R. , Udelson James E. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractBackground:Few trials have examined the outcomes of patients who use cocaine with chest pain and who have a normal or nondiagnostic electrocardiogram (ECG) and the use of single‐photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI).Hypothesis:We sought to compare the characteristics and overall outcomes in cocaine users vs non‐cocaine users presenting to the emergency department with a normal/nondiagnostic ECG and to assess the value of rest MPI in both of these populations.Methods:Patients with symptoms compatible with myocardial ischemia, suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS), and a normal/nondiagnostic ECG were enrolled in the Emergency Room Assessment of Sestamibi for Evaluation of Chest Pain (ERASE Chest Pain) trial, a randomized controlled trial designed to evaluate the impact of rest MPI on triage decisions. Cocaine users (n = 294) were compared to non‐cocaine users (n = 2180). Cocaine users were younger than non‐cocaine users, and 72% were male.Results:Among the cocaine users, 2.4% had a myocardial infarction, 1.4% required percutaneous coronary intervention, and none of the patients underwent coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Among cocaine users with a final diagnosis of not ACS, randomization of patients to rest SPECT MPI resulted in an appropriate reduction in hospital admissions in both the cocaine users (P = 0.011) and the non‐cocaine users (P < 0.001), suggesting improved triage when MPI was used.Conclusions:Cocaine users with a normal/nondiagnostic ECG are at low risk of cardiac events. Even though cocaine users are at low risk of cardiac events, SPECT MPI remains effective in the risk stratification and improves triage management decisions resulting in lower admission rates and more discharges to home. Clin. Cardiol. 2011 DOI: 10.1002/clc.21977This work was supported by grant number RO1‐HS09110 from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, and in part by the General Clinical Research Centers at Tufts Medical Center (MO1‐RR00054), Northwestern Memorial Hospital (MO1‐RR00048), and Boston Medical Center (MO1‐RR00533), funded by the NIH National Center for Research Resources. The authors have no other funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose.
Amyloidomas of soft parts: Diagnosis by fine‐needle aspiration
Authors: Elkins Camille T. , Scharschmidt Thomas J. , Wakely Paul E. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractA tumoral mass of amyloid (amyloidoma) arising in the soft tissues of the distal extremities is exceedingly unusual, and applying the fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy technique to specifically diagnose this condition is even more infrequent. Herein, we report an example of two separate amyloidomas arising in the right calf of an otherwise asymptomatic elderly man who was referred to the sarcoma clinic because these masses clinically and radiographically simulated a malignant neoplasm. The fine‐needle aspirate yielded amorphous, acellular, dense blue material on Romanowsky‐stained smears and smudgy acellular cyanophilic material on Papanicolaou‐stained smears. The aspirate procured cell‐block contained hyalinized eosinophilic acellular material on H&E stain that was Congo‐red positive and displayed yellow‐green birefringence with polarization. Unlike prior assertions to the contrary, a diagnosis of amyloidoma is possible using FNA cytopathology even in patients without a known underlying amyloidogenic disorder. Cytopathol. 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Gender differences in behavioral changes elicited by prenatal methamphetamine exposure and application of the same drug in adulthood
Authors: Schutová Barbora , Hrubá Lenka , Rokyta Richard , Šlamberová Romana 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to compare the response to sub‐chronic application of methamphetamine (MA) in adulthood in male and female rats prenatally exposed to the same drug. The spontaneous locomotor activity and exploratory behavior of adult male and female rats prenatally exposed to 5 mg/kg MA or saline (SAL) were tested in a Laboras apparatus (Metris B.V., Netherlands) for five consecutive days, 1 hr daily. MA 1 mg/kg or SAL were used as a challenge prior to testing. Our results showed that rats prenatally exposed to MA were more sensitive to sub‐chronic administration of MA in adulthood than prenatally SAL‐exposed rats. However, this sensitizing effect of prenatal MA exposure was manifested differently in males and females. In contrast, prenatal MA exposure decreased baseline locomotion in females. This study indicates that gender plays an important role in the sensitivity to MA during prenatal development and in adulthood. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 55: 232–242, 2013
Proteome of Aedes aegypti in response to infection and coinfection with microsporidian parasites
Authors: Duncan Alison B. , Agnew Philip , Noel Valérie , Demettre Edith , Seveno Martial , Brizard Jean‐Paul , Michalakis Yannis 
Published: February 2012

AbstractHosts are frequently infected with more than one parasite or pathogen at any one time, but little is known as to how they respond to multiple immune challenges compared to those involving single infections. We investigated the proteome of Aedes aegypti larvae following infection with either Edhazardia aedis or Vavraia culicis, and coinfections involving both. They are both obligate intracellular parasites belonging to the phylum microsporidia and infect natural populations of Ae. aegypti. The results found some proteins only showing modified abundance in response to infections involving E. aedis, while others were only differentially abundant when infections involved V. culicis. Some proteins only responded with modified abundance to the coinfection condition, while others were differentially abundant in response to all three types of infection. As time since infection increased, the response to each of the single parasite infections diverged, while the response to the E. aedis and coinfection treatments converged. Some of the proteins differentially abundant in response to infection were identified. They included two vacuolar ATPases, proteins known to have a role in determining the infection success of intracellular parasites. This result suggests microsporidia could influence the infection success of other intracellular pathogens infecting vector species of mosquito, including viruses, Plasmodium and Wolbachia.