bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression of genes related to reproduction and pollen foraging in honey bees (Apis mellifera) narcotized with carbon dioxide
Authors: Brito R. M. , McHale M. , Oldroyd B. P. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractIt has been proposed that a honey bee (Apis mellifera) worker's preference for foraging for pollen or nectar is modulated by a gene network that was originally involved in regulating the reproductive cycles of an ancestral solitary species. We used carbon dioxide to induce narcosis in queens and workers. This treatment is known to initiate oogenesis in queens, reduce oogenesis in queenless workers and to change worker foraging preference. We then assessed changes in gene expression of genes suspected to be involved in either foraging behaviour or reproduction. We show that some genes change expression in the opposite direction between castes in response to treatment. Our results therefore support the hypothesis that reproductive and foraging traits are causally related in the honey bee.
Biogeographical patterns of freshwater micro‐ and macroorganisms: a comparison between phytoplankton, zooplankton and fish in the eastern Mediterranean
Authors: Mazaris Antonios D. , Moustaka‐Gouni Maria , Michaloudi Evangelia , Bobori Dimitra C. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractAim  We investigated the biogeographical patterns of phytoplankton, zooplankton and fish in freshwater ecosystems. We tested whether spatial distance or environmental heterogeneity act as potential factors controlling community composition.Location  Northern and central Greece, eastern Mediterranean.Method  Data on 310 phytoplankton, 72 zooplankton and 37 fish species were collected from seven freshwater systems. Species occurrence data were used to generate similarity matrices describing community composition. We performed Mantel tests to compare spatial patterns in community composition of phytoplankton, zooplankton and fish. Next, we examined the correlation between geographical distance and the degree of similarity in community composition. The analysis was repeated for different taxonomic, trophic and size‐based groups of the microorganisms studied. We assessed different environmental variables (topographic and limnological) as predictors of community composition.Results  Phytoplankton community composition showed a strong positive correlation with environmental heterogeneity but was not correlated with the geographical distance between systems. Zooplankton community composition was unrelated to geographical distance and was only weakly correlated with environmental variables. In contrast, fish community similarity decayed significantly with distance. We found no relationship along all pairwise comparisons of the compositional matrices of the three groups. The pairwise comparisons of the different taxonomic, trophic and size‐based groups of the microorganism communities studied were in accordance with the results for the entire microorganism community.Main conclusions  Our results support the proposition that the biogeography of microorganisms does not demonstrate a distance–decay pattern and further suggest that, in reality, the drivers of distribution depend on the specific community examined. In contrast, the biogeography of macroorganisms was affected by geographical distance. These differences reflect the dispersal abilities of the different organisms. The microorganisms exhibit passive dispersal through the air, with local environmental conditions structuring their community composition. On the other hand, for macroorganisms such as fish, the terrestrial environment could pose barriers to their dispersal; with fish structuring distinctive communities over greater distances. Overall, we suggest that the biogeography of freshwater phytoplankton and zooplankton reflects contemporary environmental conditions, while the biogeographical patterns for fish inhabiting the same systems are related to factors affecting their dispersal ability.
Bacillary angiomatosis in an immunosuppressed dog
Authors: Yager Julie A. , Best Susan J. , Maggi Ricardo G. , Varanat Mrudula , Znajda Nadine , Breitschwerdt Edward B. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA dog being treated with immunosuppressive doses of prednisone and azathioprine for pancytopenia of unknown origin, developed, over a 2‐week period, multiple erythematous nodular lesions in the skin including footpads. Skin samples revealed lesions identical to those of human bacillary angiomatosis (BA). The nodules were composed of multifocal proliferations of capillaries, each lined by protuberant endothelial cells. The capillary clusters were separated by an oedematous connective tissue, lightly infiltrated with degenerate inflammatory cells, including neutrophils and macrophages. Tissue sections stained with Warthin–Starry silver stain revealed large numbers of positively stained bacilli in the stromal tissue, most heavily concentrated around the proliferating capillaries. Lesions of vascular degeneration and inflammation were evident.Bartonella vinsoniisubsp.berkhoffiigenotype 1 was independently amplified and sequenced from the blood and the skin tissue. The pathognomonic nature of the histological lesions, demonstration of compatible silver‐stained bacilli in the tissue, and identification ofB. vinsoniisubsp.berkhoffiiin the blood and tissue indicates that this is most likely the aetiologic agent responsible for the lesions. Antibiotic therapy was successful in resolving the nodules. It would appear thatB. vinsoniisubspberkhoffii, likeBartonella henselaeandBartonella quintana, has the rare ability to induce angioproliferative lesions, most likely in association with immunosuppression. The demonstration of lesions identical to those of human BA in this dog is further evidence that the full range of clinical manifestations of humanBartonellainfection occurs also in canines.
The contribution of founder mutations in BRCA1 to breast cancer in Belarus
Authors: Uglanitsa N , Oszurek O , Uglanitsa K , Savonievich E , Lubiński J , Cybulski C , Debniak T , Narod SA , Gronwald J 
Published: March 2010

Uglanitsa N, Oszurek O, Uglanitsa K, Savonievich E, Lubiński J, Cybulski C, Debniak T, Narod SA, Gronwald J. The contribution of founder mutations in BRCA1 to breast cancer in Belarus.Mutations in the BRCA1 gene increase susceptibility to both breast and ovarian cancer. In some countries, including several in Eastern Europe, founder mutations in the BRCA1 gene are responsible for a significant proportion of breast cancer cases. To estimate the hereditary proportion of breast cancer in Belarus, we sought the presence of any of three founder mutations in BRCA1 (4153delA, 5382insC and C61G) in 500 unselected cases of breast cancer. These mutations have previously been identified in breast/ovarian cancer families from Belarus and from other Slavic countries, including Poland and Russia. One of the three founder mutations in BRCA1 was present in 38 of 500 unselected cases of breast cancer (7.6%). A mutation was found in 12.6% of women diagnosed before age 50 and 5.6% of women diagnosed after age 50. A mutation was identified in 2 of 251 newborn controls (0.8%). The hereditary proportion of breast cancers in Belarus is among the highest of any countries studied to date.
Association between colorectal adenoma and coronary atherosclerosis detected by CT coronary angiography in Korean men; a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Yang Sun Young , Kim Young Sun , Chung Su Jin , Song Ji Hyun , Choi Su Yeon , Park Min Jung , Yim Jeong Yoon , Lim Seon Hee , Kim Donghee , Kim Chung Hyun , Kim Ju Sung , Song In Sung 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBackground:  Colorectal adenoma and coronary artery disease (CAD) appear to share common risk factors, such as male gender, diabetes mellitus, smoking, and obesity. We investigated the relationship between colorectal adenoma and coronary atherosclerosis, as a risk factor for colorectal adenoma.Methods:  A cross‐sectional study was conducted on Korean men who presented for a health check‐up. The subjects were 488 men (217 colorectal adenoma and 271 normal colonoscopic findings) who underwent colonoscopy and coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) on the same day as a screening examination. Advanced colonic lesion was defined as a presence of adenoma with villous component, high‐grade dysplasia, and/or with size of ≥1 cm. CTA findings were classified as normal, mild (low‐grade atherosclerosis or <50% stenosis), and significant CAD (≥50% stenosis). Abnormal CTA findings included mild and significant CAD.Results:  Patients with abnormal CTA findings were more likely to have colorectal adenoma compared with those with normal CTA findings (P < 0.005). Furthermore, presence of advanced adenoma was significantly associated with significant CAD (P < 0.01). On multivariate analyses, abnormal CTA findings (OR = 1.66, 95% CI: 1.14–2.41, P < 0.01) and significant CAD (OR = 1.96, 95% CI: 1.15–3.35, P < 0.05) were found to be independent risk factors for colorectal adenoma after adjusting for age, current smoking, and metabolic syndrome.Conclusions:  In this study, in the population who underwent CTA and colonoscopy for health check‐up, prevalence of colorectal adenoma was greater in subjects with low‐grade coronary atherosclerosis or significant CAD. The presence of advanced adenoma was significantly associated with significant CAD.
Western‐style diets induce macrophage infiltration and contribute to colitis‐associated carcinogenesis
Authors: Kim In‐Wha , Myung Seung‐Jae , Do Mi Young , Ryu Yeon‐Mi , Kim Mi Jung , Do Eun‐Ju , Park Sehan , Yoon Soon Man , Ye Byong Duk , Byeon Jeong‐Sik , Yang Suk‐Kyun , Kim Jin‐Ho 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBackground and Aim:  A Western‐style diet (WD) is known to play an important role in inflammatory bowel disease and colon carcinogenesis. The purpose of this study was to understand the role of macrophages in WD‐induced colitis associated with carcinogenesis.Methods:  Male BALB/c mice were fed a WD or a control diet (CD) for 4 weeks and exposed to azoxymethane (AOM) followed by 2% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) for 7 days.Results:  The WD increased susceptibility to DSS‐induced inflammation and accelerated the infiltration of macrophages. The incidence and multiplicity of colon tumors were higher in mice fed the WD than in those fed the CD (P < 0.05). Levels of prostaglandin‐endoperoxide synthase (PTGS) 2 and prostaglandin (PG) E2 in the colon were higher after treatment with AOM and DSS in mice fed the WD than in those fed the CD. In addition, WD consumption increased the DNA binding activity of nuclear factor‐kappaB and the serum concentration of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α. Mice fed the WD had higher numbers of F4/80‐positive cells surrounding cancer cells compared with mice fed the CD. These cells expressed PTGS2, TNF‐α and β‐catenin, which are up‐regulated by the WD. We also found that the WD increased unphosphorylated β‐catenin accumulation in the cytoplasm and nucleus of colon cancer cells.Conclusions:  A WD increases the susceptibility to DSS‐induced inflammation and accelerates the infiltration of macrophages. In turn, this resulted in the development and progression of colon cancer.
Platelets prevent acute hepatitis induced by anti‐fas antibody
Authors: Hisakura Katsuji , Murata Soichiro , Takahashi Kazuhiro , Matsuo Ryota , Pak Sugiru , Ikeda Naoya , Kawasaki Takuya , Kohno Keisuke , Myronovych Andriy , Nakano Yoritaka , Ikeda Osamu , Watanabe Motonobu , Ohkohchi Nobuhiro 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBackground and Aim:  Platelets provide many functions in the body, especially to the liver. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of thrombocytosis with acute hepatitis induced by anti‐Fas antibody and its mechanism.Methods:  Acute hepatitis was induced by administration of anti‐Fas antibody in normal and thrombocytotic C57BL6J mice. For thrombocytosis, thrombopoietin; PEG‐rHuMGDF was injected 5 days before and just prior to administration of anti‐Fas antibody. To investigate the mechanisms, hepatocyte cell line (AML12) and sinusoidal endothelial cell line (M1) were induced apoptosis by staurosporine. They were cultured with platelets or thrombopoietin. Examination items were as follows: platelet number, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), histological findings, TUNEL (TdT‐mediated dUTP‐biotin Nick End Labeling) staining, and the expression of proteins associated with apoptosis in vivo and in vitro.Results:  Platelets were significantly increased in the thrombocytotic group (P < 0.01). Serum ALT levels were significantly reduced by thrombocytosis at 6, 24 and 72 h after the administration (P < 0.05). In histological findings, hemorrhagic necrosis was observed in the normal group, but not observed in the thrombocytotic group. TUNEL‐positive hepatocytes were reduced and the expression of cleaved caspase‐3 was significantly decreased in the thrombocytotic group. The phosphorylation of Akt, the increment of Bcl‐xL and the decrease of cleaved caspase‐3 were observed in AML12 cells cultured with platelets, but were not observed cultured with thrombopoietin. Platelets and thrombopoietin had no anti‐apoptotic effect on M1 cells.Conclusion:  Increase of platelets has a preventative effect against acute hepatitis induced by the anti‐Fas antibody. It is suggested that platelets have a direct protective effect against apoptosis of hepatocytes.
HIV/AIDS cholangiopathy: Clinical spectrum, cholangiographic features and outcome in 30 patients
Authors: Devarbhavi Harshad , Sebastian Teena , Seetharamu Sandeep M. , Karanth Dheeraj 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBackground and Aims:  AIDS cholangiopathy is presently considered rare and has been reported mainly from the West. With the HIV epidemic in India, we have encountered an increasing number of patients. We aimed to study these patients and determine differences from earlier experiences.Methods:  We describe the clinical presentation, cholangiographic features, and outcome and determine differences reported in Western literature.Results:  From Jan 1999 to May 2009, 30 patients (27 men) with AIDS cholangiopathy were seen. The most common mode of transmission was heterosexual (n = 28) followed by blood transfusion (n = 2). Abdominal pain (n = 20) of biliary origin, was the commonest manifestation followed by an asymptomatic group (n = 6) and a third group (n = 3) with pain due to pancreatitis. Ultrasonography of the abdomen was abnormal in all patients. Papillary stenosis (n = 23) was the most common cholangiographic feature followed by sclerosing cholangitis (n = 5). Abdominal pain resolved reliably and promptly after endoscopic sphincterotomy. Cholangiographic abnormalities regressed during follow up on antiretroviral therapy in 10 patients. Seven patients on anti retroviral therapy developed de novo cholangiopathy, with a precipitous drop in CD4 count of whom two had a worse prognosis. None had Kaposi's sarcoma.Conclusions:  In contrast to Western literature, HIV cholangiopathy was seen predominantly in patients who acquired HIV by heterosexual transmission. De novo development of cholangiopathy on antiretroviral therapy may indicate the occurrence of resistance. Papillary stenosis is the most common feature. Abdominal pain resolved with sphincterotomy. Regression of cholangiographic abnormality occurred with anti retroviral medications. Median survival following cholangiopathy diagnosis was 34 months, higher than reported in previous studies.
Fine‐tuning the criteria for strip biopsy and endoscopic submucosal dissection improves the outcome of early gastric carcinoma treatment
Authors: Nishikawa Jun , Satake Masaaki , Hamabe Kouichi , Fukagawa Yuki , Shirai Yasuyuki , Kiyotoki Shu , Saito Mari , Okamoto Takeshi , Sakaida Isao 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBackground and Aim:  Strip biopsy and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) have been developed as a local treatment for early gastric cancer (EGC). However, the lesion criteria for the use of ESD, rather than strip biopsy, remain to be elucidated.Methods:  On the basis of reviews of literature and our observations concerning the outcome of strip biopsy, we set the criteria for selecting strip biopsy and ESD as follows. The indications for strip biopsy were lesions less than 10 mm in size and located in the anterior wall or greater curvature of the lower and middle stomach. ESD was indicated for all other lesions. The validity of the criteria was then analyzed prospectively in 156 patients. The rate of en bloc R0 resection and local recurrence were evaluated.Results:  Subsequently, 156 lesions were divided according to the criteria and were endoscopically resected by strip biopsy (n = 13) or ESD (n = 143). The en bloc R0 resection rates for the whole group and the strip biopsy and ESD groups was 93.5% (146/156), 92.3% (12/13), and 93.7% (134/143), respectively. None of the patients had suffered from local recurrence in either the strip biopsy or ESD groups.Conclusion:  The validity of our criteria for selecting strip biopsy and ESD was verified. Our criteria exploit the advantages of both procedures and obtain better endoscopic therapy outcomes for EGC.
Clinical outcome of 251 patients with extrahepatic metastasis at initial diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma: Does transarterial chemoembolization improve survival in these patients?
Authors: Yoo Dong‐Jun , Kim Kang Mo , Jin Young‐Joo , Shim Ju Hyun , Ko Gi‐Young , Yoon Hyun‐Ki , Sung Kyu‐Bo , Lee Jae‐Lyun , Kang Yoon‐Koo , Lim Young‐Suk , Lee Han Chu , Chung Young‐Hwa , Lee Yung Sang , Suh Dong Jin 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBackground and Aims:  The therapeutic efficacy of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) has not been evaluated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with extrahepatic metastasis. We investigated the efficacy of TACE with/without systemic chemotherapy (s‐chemo) in these patients.Methods:  We performed a survival analysis of consecutive HCC patients with extrahepatic metastasis, diagnosed at initial presentation according to treatment modality after stratification, using the Child–Pugh classification and intrahepatic HCC T stage, retrospectively.Results:  Between 2005 and 2007, 251 patients were newly diagnosed with HCC involving extrahepatic metastasis at our institution. Among those, 226 were classified as Child–Pugh A–B and the other 25, Child‐Pugh C. Within the Child–Pugh A–B group, repeated TACE or transarterial chemoinfusion (TACI) was performed with/without s‐chemo in 171 patients. Eight of 226 received s‐chemo alone, and 47, conservative management (CM) alone. The median survival time of patients treated with TACE/TACI with s‐chemo, TACE/TACI alone, and CM was 10, 5, and 2.9 months in patients classified as Child–Pugh A and T3‐stage HCC (TACE/TACI with s‐chemo vs CM, P = 0.0354; TACE/TACI alone vs CM, P = 0.0553) and 7.1, 2.6, and 1.6 months in Child–Pugh B and T3‐stage patients, respectively (TACE/TACI with s‐chemo vs CM, P = 0.0097; TACE/TACI alone vs CM, P < 0.0001). Individual treatment with TACE/TACI or sorafenib showed independent prognostic significance in the multivariate analysis.Conclusion:  Repeated TACE could show significant survival benefits in metastatic HCC patients with conserved liver function and intrahepatic HCC T3 stage. The survival data of our study could be used as a historical control for TACE monotherapy in future clinical trials evaluating combination treatments containing TACE in these patients.
Correlations between Z‐scores of VSRAD and regional cerebral blood flow of SPECT in patients with Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Li Xudong , Shimizu Satoru , Jibiki Itsuki , Watanabe Ken‐ichiro , Kubota Takashi 
Published: March 2010

Aims:  The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether there were correlations between atrophy of the entorhinal cortex and individual regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to better clarify the relationships between morphological and functional changes in AD.Methods:  Twenty‐six patients including sixteen AD and 10 amnestic MCI patients were enrolled. Z scores of voxel‐based specific regional analysis system for AD (VSRAD) were determined to assess the degree of atrophy of the entorhinal cortex. Single‐photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and 3‐D stereotaxic region of interest template (3DSRT) were used to quantify absolute rCBF.Results:  The Z scores of the entorhinal cortex were found to have significant negative correlations with the absolute rCBF in the bilateral hippocampus, thalamus and temporal regions. A negative correlation between Z scores and rCBF of the cerebellum region, especially on the right side, was also noted.Conclusions:  Atrophy of the entorhinal cortex had an obvious functional relationship with rCBF changes in the hippocampus, thalamus, temporal lobe and cerebellum in AD and MCI patients, which was attributed to their close anatomical and physiological connections.
Low serum HDL‐cholesterol levels are associated with long symptom duration in patients with major depressive disorder
Authors: Lehto Soili M. , Niskanen Leo , Tolmunen Tommi , Hintikka Jukka , Viinamäki Heimo , Heiskanen Tuula , Honkalampi Kirsi , Kokkonen Marja , Koivumaa‐Honkanen Heli 
Published: March 2010

Aims:  The purpose of the present study was to examine whether the association between depression and the serum high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) is modified by symptom duration.Methods:  Depressed patients (n = 88) and an age‐ and sex‐matched group of healthy general population controls (n = 88) underwent a Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐IV (SCID), and depressed participants reported the duration of their symptoms. The serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), HDL‐C, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), triglycerides (TG) and non‐HDL, and the ratios of LDL‐C/HDL and TC/HDL‐C were assessed.Results:  Major depressive disorder (MDD) subjects with a long symptom duration (≥3 years) had lower levels of HDL‐C compared with healthy controls or MDD subjects with a symptom duration <3 years. The likelihood for long symptom duration doubled for each 0.5‐mmol/L decrease in HDL‐C levels in regression models adjusted for age, gender, marital status, overweight, symptom severity, alcohol consumption, smoking, physical exercise, medication use, and non‐HDL‐C (P < 0.05).Conclusions:  These findings suggest that a low serum HDL‐C level, a risk factor for coronary heart disease, is specifically associated with long‐term depressive symptomatology.