bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differential Roles of T‐cell Subsets in Regulation of Ultraviolet Radiation Induced Cutaneous Photocarcinogenesis
Authors: Nasti Tahseen H. , Iqbal Omer , Tamimi Iman A. , Geise James T. , Katiyar Santosh K. , Yusuf Nabiha 
Published: November 2010

AbstractUltraviolet (UV) radiation, in particular the midwavelength range (UVB; 290–320 nm), is one of the most significant risk factors for the development of nonmelanoma skin cancer. UVB radiation‐induced immunosuppression, which occurs in both humans and laboratory animals, contributes to their pathogenesis. However, there are conflicting reports on the relative role of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in UVB induced skin cancer. The purpose of this study was to delineate the contribution of these two cell subpopulations to UVB induced immunosuppression and tumor development using C3H/HeN (WT), CD4 knockout (CD4−/−) and CD8 knockout (CD8−/−) mice. We observed that UVB induced skin carcinogenesis was retarded in terms of number of tumors per group, tumor volume and percentage of mice with tumors, in mice deficient in CD4+ T cells compared with wild‐type mice, whereas significantly greater (P < 0.05) numbers of tumors occurred in CD8−/− mice. These results indicate that, CD4+ T cells promote tumor development while CD8+ T cells have the opposite effect. Further, we found that CD4+ T cells from tumor‐bearing mice produced interleukin (IL)‐4, IL‐10, and IL‐17 whereas CD8+ T cells produced interferon‐γ. Manipulation of T‐cell subpopulations that are induced by UVB radiation could be a means of preventing skin cancers caused by this agent.
Icons, Liturgy, Saints: Ecological insights from Orthodox spirituality1
Authors: Chryssavgis John 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe technical language and specific images that we adopt when we speak about preservation of the natural environment depend on values and images that we promote and even presume in our daily behaviour and lifestyle. In Orthodox Christian spirituality, such language and images certainly play a crucial role. This presentation considers the central importance of: 1) the world of icons as the way we view and perceive creation; 2) the beauty of liturgy as the way we celebrate and respond to creation; and 3) asceticism in the lives of the saints as the way we respect and treat creation. It draws on classic Orthodox Christian texts as well as contemporary literature to provide fundamental spiritual insights into the way we comprehend God's creation and the way we should confront its exploitation in modern times.
Roughness effects on turbulence characteristics in an open channel flow
Authors: Faruque Md Abdullah Al , Balachandar Ram 
Published: November 2010

A comprehensive study was carried out to understand the effect of roughness on the turbulence characteristics of flow in an open channel. To this end, tests were conducted with four different types of bed surface conditions at two different Reynolds number (Re = 47 500 and 31 000). This includes the use of an impermeable smooth bed, impermeable rough bed, permeable sand bed, and an impermeable bed with distributed roughness. The roughness is generated using sand grains of median diameter 2.46 mm. The effect of bed roughness is seen to have penetrated through most of the flow depth, disputing the conventional "wall similarity" hypothesis. The results show that the distributed roughness generates the largest roughness effect. The differences in the characteristics as noted by the velocity triple products exceed 200% between the flow over the smooth and rough beds. Although the same sand grain is used to create the different rough bed conditions, there are differences in turbulence characteristics, which is an indication that specific geometry of the roughness has an influence. A quadrant analysis indicates that roughness increases the contribution of the extreme turbulent events that produce very large instantaneous Reynolds shear stress and consequently influence the flow.
TIMELINESMCC's human interface laboratory
Authors: Curtis Bill 
Published: November 2010

Success famously has many parents, and SIGCHI is no exception. A strong paternity claim can be made by Bill Curtis, who garnered funding and organized ACM's sponsorship for the Gaithersburg conference in 1982, during which plans to form SIGCHI were announced. The successful and unexpectedly profitable Gaithersburg meeting provided the model for the first CHI conference, which convened in Boston in December 1983. In this column, Bill discusses his subsequent involvement with the Microelectronics and Computer Technology Corporation. This research enterprise, largely forgotten today, was highly influential in the 1980s, hiring and providing visibility to HCI researchers, many of whom remain active. From 1986 to 1989, I was one of the occupants of that unusual building in Austin, Texas, where the fourth-floor management comprised mainly former intelligence-agency employees, while many researchers on the floors below were there in part to avoid working on Reagan-era Strategic Defense Initiative ("Star Wars") projects.
As Timelines editor, I would like to thank Richard Anderson and Jon Kolko for their unwavering support and assistance, and for the inspiration provided by their dedication to and outstanding stewardship of this magazine.---Jonathan Grudin
Prognostic Significance of the Detection of Peripheral Blood CEACAM5mRNA-Positive Cells by Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction in Operable Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Vardakis Nikolaos , Messaritakis Ippokratis , Papadaki Chara , Agoglossakis Georgios , Sfakianaki Maria , Saridaki Zacharenia , Apostolaki Stella , Koutroubakis Ioannis , Perraki Maria , Hatzidaki Dora , Mavroudis Dimitris , Georgoulias Vassilis , Souglakos John 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the clinical relevance of circulating CEACAM5mRNA-positive cells in patients with operable colorectal cancer (CRC).
Methods: Peripheral blood was obtained from 265 patients with operable CRC before the initiation of adjuvant systemic therapy from 96 normal donors and RNA prepared from the Lovo and ARH-77 CRC and leukemic cell lines, respectively, was used as positive and negative controls. The detection of CEACAM5mRNA-positive cells was done using a real-time PCR assay. The association with known prognostic factors and the effect of CEACAM5mRNA-positive cells on patients' prognosis was investigated.
Results: The analytical detection limit of the method was found to correspond to 0.7 Lovo cell equivalence/5 μg RNA, with a sensitivity of 1 tumor cell/105 normal cells and a specificity of 97%. Ninety-eight (37%) patients had detectable circulating CEACAM5mRNA-positive cells. Detection of CEACAM5mRNA-positive cells was significantly associated with higher relapse rate (P &lt; 0.001), decreased disease-free survival (DFS; P &lt; 0.001), higher death rate (P = 0.017), and decreased median overall survival (P = 0.025). Multivariate analysis revealed that the detection of circulating CEACAM5mRNA-positive cells was an independent prognostic factor for decreased DFS [HR = 3.4; 95% CI: 2.0–5.9; P &lt; 0.001].
Conclusions: Detection of peripheral blood CEACAM5mRNA-positive cells is an adverse prognostic factor correlated with poor clinical outcome in patients with operable CRC. Clin Cancer Res; 17(1); 165–73. ©2010 AACR.
FMNL2 Enhances Invasion of Colorectal Carcinoma by Inducing Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
Authors: Li Yufa , Zhu Xiling , Zeng Yuanfeng , Wang Jianmei , Zhang Xiaojing , Ding Yan-qing , Liang Li 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
FMNL2 is a member of diaphanous-related formins that control actin-dependent processes such as cell motility and invasion. Its overexpression in metastatic cell lines and tissues of colorectal carcinoma has been associated with aggressive tumor development in our previous study. But its specific role in cancer is largely unknown. Here we report that FMNL2 is involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) maintenance in human colorectal carcinoma cells. A positive correlation between FMNL2 and vimentin expression and an inverse correlation between FMNL2 and E-cadherin expression were found in colorectal carcinoma cell lines and cancer tissues. Specific knockdown of FMNL2 led to an epithelial-state transition, confirmed by the cobblestone-like phenotype, upregulation of E-cadherin, α-catenin, and γ-catenin, and downregulation of vimentin, snail, slug. Loss of FMNL2 expression lowered the ability of TGF-β to induce cell invasion and EMT, as shown by morphology and the expression levels. Upregulation of vimentin, slug, snail, downregulation of E-cadherin and activation of receptor-Smad3 phosphorylation were observed in M5 and MDCK cells induced by TGF-β, whereas altered expression of these markers was not obvious in FMNL2-depleting M5 cells. High levels of activation of p-MAPK and p-MEK, but not p-PI3K and p-AKT, were observed in SW480/FMNL2+ cells compared with control cells. Treatment with U0126 could abrogate the activation of p-MAPK and p-MEK, whereas LY294002 treatment had no effect on the PI3K/AKT pathway. In conclusion, these findings identify a novel EMT and tumor promoting function for FMNL2, which is involved in TGF-β–induced EMT and colorectal carcinoma cell invasion via Smad3 effectors, or in collaboration with MAPK/MEK pathway. Mol Cancer Res; 8(12); 1579–90. ©2010 AACR.
A Migration Signature and Plasma Biomarker Panel for Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Balasenthil Seetharaman , Chen Nanyue , Lott Steven T. , Chen Jinyun , Carter Jennifer , Grizzle William E. , Frazier Marsha L. , Sen Subrata , Killary Ann McNeill 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is a disease of extremely poor prognosis for which there are no reliable markers of asymptomatic disease. To identify pancreatic cancer biomarkers, we focused on a genomic interval proximal to the most common fragile site in the human genome, chromosome 3p12, which undergoes smoking-related breakage, loss of heterozygosity, and homozygous deletion as an early event in many epithelial tumors, including pancreatic cancers. Using a functional genomic approach, we identified a seven-gene panel (TNC, TFPI, TGFBI, SEL-1L, L1CAM, WWTR1, and CDC42BPA) that was differentially expressed across three different expression platforms, including pancreatic tumor/normal samples. In addition, Ingenuity Pathways Analysis (IPA) and literature searches indicated that this seven-gene panel functions in one network associated with cellular movement/morphology/development, indicative of a “migration signature” of the 3p pathway. We tested whether two secreted proteins from this panel, tenascin C (TNC) and tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI), could serve as plasma biomarkers. Plasma ELISA assays for TFPI/TNC resulted in a combined area under the curve (AUC) of 0.88 and, with addition of CA19-9, a combined AUC for the three-gene panel (TNC/TFPI/CA19-9), of 0.99 with 100% specificity at 90% sensitivity and 97.22% sensitivity at 90% specificity. Validation studies using TFPI only in a blinded sample set increased the performance of CA19-9 from an AUC of 0.84 to 0.94 with the two-gene panel. Results identify a novel 3p pathway–associated migration signature and plasma biomarker panel that has utility for discrimination of pancreatic cancer from normal controls and promise for clinical application. Cancer Prev Res; 4(1); 137–49. ©2010 AACR.
Inherited Human gp91phoxDeficiency Is Associated With Impaired Isoprostane Formation and Platelet Dysfunction
Authors: Pignatelli Pasquale , Carnevale Roberto , Di Santo Serena , Bartimoccia Simona , Sanguigni Valerio , Lenti Luisa , Finocchi Andrea , Mendolicchio Loredana , Soresina Anna Rosa , Plebani Alessandro , Violi Francesco 
Published: November 2010

Object—Platelet isoprostane 8-ISO-prostaglandin F2α (8-iso-PGF2α), a proaggregating molecule, is believed to derive from nonenzymatic oxidation of arachidonic acid. We hypothesized that NADPH is implicated in isoprostane formation and platelet activation.Methods and Results—We studied 8-iso-PGF2α in platelets from 8 male patients with hereditary deficiency of gp91phox, the catalytic subunit of NADPH oxidase, and 8 male controls. On stimulation, platelets from controls produced 8-iso-PGF2α, which was inhibited −8% by aspirin and −58% by a specific inhibitor of gp91phox. Platelets from patients with gp91phoxhereditary deficiency had normal thromboxane A2formation but marked 8-iso-PGF2α reduction compared with controls. In normal platelets incubated with a gp91phoxinhibitor or with SQ29548, a thromboxane A2/isoprostane receptor inhibitor, platelet recruitment, an in vitro model of thrombus growth, was reduced by 44% and 64%, respectively; a lower effect (−17%) was seen with aspirin. Moreover, thrombus formation under shear stress (blood perfusion at the wall shear rate of 1500 s−1) was reduced in samples in which isoprostane formation was inhibited by NADPH oxidase inhibitors. In gp91phox-deficient patients, agonist-induced platelet aggregation was within the normal range, whereas platelet recruitment was reduced compared with controls. Incubation of platelets from gp91phox-deficient patients with 8-iso-PGF2α dose-dependently (1 to 100 pmol/L) increased platelet recruitment by mobilizing platelet Ca2+and activating gpIIb/IIIa; a further increase in platelet recruitment was detected by platelet coincubation withl-NAME, an inhibitor of NO synthase.Conclusion—This study provides the first evidence that platelet 8-iso-PGF2α maximally derives from gp91phoxactivation and contributes to platelet recruitment via activation of gpIIb/IIIa.
Balloon Angioplasty for Intracranial Atherosclerotic Disease
Authors: Nguyen Thanh N. , Zaidat Osama O. , Gupta Rishi , Nogueira Raul G. , Tariq Nauman , Kalia Junaid S. , Norbash Alexander M. , Qureshi Adnan I. 
Published: November 2010

Background and Purpose—
Whether stenting is superior to angioplasty in the treatment of intracranial atherosclerotic disease is unknown. Dissections, vessel rupture, and lesion recoil observed with primary angioplasty using balloon catheters designed for coronary arteries have undermined the role of primary angioplasty as a preferred treatment for intracranial atherosclerotic disease. The goal of this study is to report the immediate and 3-month outcomes of treating patients with intracranial atherosclerotic disease with angioplasty balloon catheters in a multicenter study.

Methods—
This is a retrospective review of 74 patients from 4 institutions treated with primary angioplasty for intracranial atherosclerotic disease over a 6-year time period. Technical success (residual stenosis ≤50%), periprocedural success (no vascular complication within 72 hours), and 3-month outcomes are reported.

Results—
The mean degree of stenosis pretreatment was 79%±14% and reduced to 34%±18% after angioplasty. Technical success was achieved in 68 (92%; 95% CI, 83% to 97%) of the 74 patients. Periprocedural success was achieved in 65 (88%; 95% CI, 78% to 94%) of the 74 patients. There were 4 (5%; 95% CI, 1.5% to 13%) major procedure-related strokes, 2 of which resulted in death within 6 hours of the procedure. The 30-day stroke/death rate was 5% (4 of 74; CI, 1.5% to 13%). Three-month follow-up was available in 71 patients. In this interval, 2 patients had new stroke, 1 in the ipsilateral territory and the other in the contralateral territory. The 3-month stroke or death rate was 8.5% (6 of 71; CI, 3.1% to 17.5%); the retreatment rate was 2.8% (2 of 71; CI, 0.3% to 10%).

Conclusion—
Balloon angioplasty is a relatively safe alternative treatment for intracranial atherosclerotic disease. Its role in the long-term secondary prevention of recurrent stroke as compared with intracranial stenting and medical therapy remains to be determined, preferably in a randomized study.
Relations Without Forms: Some Consequences of Aquinas’s Metaphysics of Relations
Authors: Ward Thomas M. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThis article presents a new interpretation and critique of some aspects of Aquinas’s metaphysics of relations, with special reference to a theological problem—the relation of God to creatures—that catalyzed Aquinas’s and much medieval thought on the ontology of relations. I will show that Aquinas’s ontologically reductive theory of categorical real relations should equip him to identify certain relations as real relations, which he actually identifies as relations of reason, most notably the relation of God to creatures.
A New Agency Is Born in the European Union: The European Asylum Support Office
Authors: Comte Françoise 
Published: November 2010

AbstractOn 19 May 2010, the Spanish Minister for the Interior, Alfredo Pérez Rubalcaba and the President of the European Parliament, Jerzy Buzek, signed the Regulation establishing the European Asylum Support Office. This Regulation allows the creation of a new European regulatory agency into the EU institutional landscape. The Office, a fledgling agency, is one of the active agencies in the home affairs sector: FRONTEX, the Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, EUROPOL, CEPOL and EUROJUST. The founding regulation of the Office is the first legal instrument, adopted as part of legislative proposals recently introduced by the European Commission in the asylum area. This allows an old project to achieve its purpose, by creating a structure primarily designed to support Member States of the European Union in their efforts to bring closer national practices in the field of asylum. If EASO’s founding Regulation can meet this first concern of the Member States, it can also in many ways be considered as a breakthrough in European law, from an institutional, as well as from a substantive point of view. This article intends to examine these elements.
‘Greedy’ Information Technology: The Digitalization of the European Migration Policy
Authors: Brom Frans W.A. , Besters Michiel 
Published: November 2010

AbstractEuropean borders are being transformed into digital borders. The ambition behind the European information systems ‐ like the Schengen Information System and Eurodac ‐ is to establish a single Union information system to control the flux of migrants. We show that in this process information technology is not a neutral tool to reach established goals but that it is ‘greedy’. This greediness indicates the distorting potential of information technology regarding the means-end logic. Our analysis suggests that the European migration policy is stuck in a ‘digital fix’, i.e. a technological fix focusing on ICT. We identify three political issues concerning greedy information technology within the context of the European migration policy. The first issue concerns the democratic control on information systems. The second issue discusses the weak legal position of immigrants. The third issue inquires into the effectiveness of information systems as a policy instrument.
Expression and Hate Speech in the ICCPR: Compatible or Clashing?
Authors: Ghanea Nazila 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThis article aims to revisit the content and scope of Articles 19 and 20 of the ICCPR in an effort to better understand the relationship between them. Such navigation is essential in order to examine the duties these two articles imply for States Parties to the ICCPR and the protections that flow therefrom.
µφυτος Λγος: A New Covenant Motif in the Letter of James
Authors: Whitlark Jason A. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractUnderstanding the significance of the of the implanted word in James 1:21 has divided between two lines of interpretation: (1) those that invest it with cosmological significance and understand it as something akin to human reason or (2) those who invest it with soteriological significance and relate it to Christian conversion. The argument in this article supports the soteriological line of reasoning and attempts to demonstrate through an examination of pagan, Jewish and Christian sources that the implanted word in James conveys the notion of divine enablement, a notion that was especially suited for articulating the hope of divine enablement for faithfulness promised in the new covenant of Jeremiah.
Toward a Theory of Human History
Authors: Margolis Joseph 
Published: November 2010

AbstractI show the sense in which the concept of history as a human science affects our theory of the natural sciences and, therefore, our theory of the unity of the physical and human sciences. The argument proceeds by way of reviewing the effect of the Darwinian contribution regarding teleologism and of post-Darwinian paleonanthropology on the transformation of the primate members of Homo sapiens into societies of historied selves. The strategy provides a novel way of recovering the unity of the sciences: by construing the physical sciences themselves as human sciences ‐ and, therefore, as themselves historied.
Quality-Controlled Upper-Air Sounding Dataset for TiMREX/SoWMEX: Development and Corrections
Authors: Ciesielski Paul E. , Chang Wen-Ming , Huang Shao-Chin , Johnson Richard H. , Jong-Dao Jou Ben , Lee Wen-Chau , Lin Po-Hsiung , Liu Ching-Hwang , Wang Junhong 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
During the Terrain-Influenced Monsoon Rainfall Experiment (TiMREX), which coincided with Taiwan’s Southwesterly Monsoon Experiment—2008 (SoWMEX-08), the upper-air sounding network over the Taiwan region was enhanced by increasing the radiosonde (“sonde”) frequency at its operational sites and by adding several additional sites (three that were land based and two that were ship based) and aircraft dropsondes. During the special observing period of TiMREX (from 15 May to 25 June 2008), 2330 radiosonde observations were successfully taken from the enhanced network. Part of the challenge of processing the data from the 13 upsonde sites is that four different sonde types (Vaisala RS80, Vaisala RS92, Meisei, and Graw) were used. Post–field phase analyses of the sonde data revealed a significant dry bias in many of the sondes—in particular, in the data from the Vaisala RS80 sondes that were used at four sites. In addition, contamination of the sonde data by the ship’s structure resulted in poor-quality low-level thermodynamic data at a key oceanic site. This article examines the methods used to quality control the sonde data and, when possible, to correct them. Particular attention is given to the correction of the humidity field and its impact on various convective measures. Comparison of the corrected sonde humidity data with independent estimates shows good agreement, suggesting that the corrections were effective in removing many of the sonde humidity errors. Examining various measures of convection shows that use of the humidity-corrected sondes gives a much different perspective on the characteristics of convection during TiMREX. For example, at the RS80 sites, use of the corrected humidity data increases the mean CAPE by ∼500 J kg−1, decreases mean convective inhibition (CIN) by 80 J kg−1, and increases the midlevel convective mass flux by greater than 70%. Ultimately, these corrections will provide more accurate moisture fields for diagnostic analyses and modeling studies.