bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transgenerationale und erinnerungspolitische Nachwirkungen der NS-Massenmorde
Authors: Ottmüller Uta 
Published: August 2011

Zusammenfassung
Während viele Nazi-Täter später ein normales Leben führten, zeigen sich bei ihren Nachkommen vielfältige Folgewirkungen, die z. T. den transgenerationalen Traumata in den Familien der Verfolgten ähneln. Die familiale Derealisierung der NS-Vergangenheit konfligiert in der Schule mit Betroffenheitsforderungen, denen die Lehrer oft selbst nicht nachkommen. Der Artikel reflektiert psychoanalytische und erinnerungspolitische Konzepte der Vergangenheitsbearbeitung, die Geschichte der (insbesondere visuellen) Konfrontationspädagogik und die Vorbehalte der dritten Generation. Er empfiehlt den Einbezug der transgenerationalen Nachgeschichte in die pädagogische Bearbeitung des Nationalsozialismus.
Die Ermordung von Marwa El-Sherbini im Spiegel ägyptischer Medien und narrativer Interviews mit Familien ägyptischer Herkunft
Authors: Wagner Bernd 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
Islamophobic tendencies in Germany are influenced by structural exclusion of immigrants. This article reflects legal hierarchies for new coming immigrants and questions the effects on immigrant communities referring to Norbert Elias. The murder of Marwa El-Sherbini during a court trial in Dresden in 2009 is related to Islamophobia and the status of immigrant groups created by immigration procedures.
Gefühle beim Töten
Authors: Montandon Alain 
Published: August 2011

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag skizziert eine Art Phänomenologie des Tötens. Der Mord wird als eine tragische Narration in drei Akten vorgestellt, da er die Zeit in ein Vor und ein Nach aufteilt und so Anlass und Auswirkung trennt. Romane von Graciliano Ramos, Joseph Roth, Italo Svevo und Émile Zola werden als Beispiele analysiert. Die Romane des Mörders lehren uns, dass die Beseitigung des Anderen zugleich die Beseitigung des Anderen in sich selbst bedeutet.
Die Pastorale des Todes
Authors: Ahrens Jörn 
Published: August 2011

Zusammenfassung
In seinem Film Unforgiven (USA 1992) unterzieht Clint Eastwood das Genre des Westerns nicht nur einer eingehenden Dekonstruktion, sondern reflektiert auf die basale menschliche Fähigkeit des Tötens. Zwar gehört die “Verletzungsmacht” (Popitz) zur anthropologischen Grundausstattung und ist deren ethisch-normative Einhegung ein kulturelles Artificium; zugleich aber entfernt sich, wer tötet, aus der Gemeinschaft des Menschlichen. Dieses Spannungsverhältnis vermisst Eastwoods Film, indem er an aktuelle kulturtheoretische Diskurse anschließt.
Boxing Participation by Children and Adolescents
Authors: LeBlanc Claire M. A. , Purcell Laura ,   AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PEDIATRICS, COUNCIL ON SPORTS MEDICINE AND FITNESS, CANADIAN PAEDIATRIC SOCIETY, HEALTHY ACTIVE LIVING AND SPORTS MEDICINE COMMITTEE
Published: August 2011

This Policy Statement was reaffirmed February 2015 and March 2020.
Thousands of boys and girls younger than 19 years participate in boxing in North America. Although boxing provides benefits for participants, including exercise, self-discipline, and self-confidence, the sport of boxing encourages and rewards deliberate blows to the head and face. Participants in boxing are at risk of head, face, and neck injuries, including chronic and even fatal neurologic injuries. Concussions are one of the most common injuries that occur with boxing. Because of the risk of head and facial injuries, the American Academy of Pediatrics and the Canadian Paediatric Society oppose boxing as a sport for children and adolescents. These organizations recommend that physicians vigorously oppose boxing in youth and encourage patients to participate in alternative sports in which intentional head blows are not central to the sport.
Faunistical Overview of Calanoid Copepods (Crustacea) from Continental Waters of Ukraine
Authors: Samchyshyna L. 
Published: August 2011

Faunistical Overview of Calanoid Copepods (Crustacea) from Continental Waters of Ukraine
Faunistic overview together with updated checklist, comprising 38 species and 2 subspecies of calanoid copepods inhabiting fresh and brackish Ukrainian waters classified in three families and twelve genera is provided. The only freshwater calanoid species endemic to Ukraine is Speodiaptomus birsteini Borutzky, 1962, a stygobiont found once in an underground lake in the Skels'ka Cave (Crimean Peninsula). Two species, Hemidiaptomus (Hemidiaptomus) rylovi Charin, 1928 and S. birsteini are included as a threatened species in the Red Book of Ukraine. Dubious records and distribution patterns of some calanoid taxa are discussed. The calanoid fauna of Ukraine is compared with those of adjacent countries.
Distribution of the Ixodid Tick Hyalomma Marginatum (Ixodoidea, Ixodidae) in Ukraine
Authors: Akimov I. , Nebogatkin I. 
Published: August 2011

Distribution of the Ixodid Tick Hyalomma Marginatum (Ixodoidea, Ixodidae) in Ukraine
The Northern boundary of the current distribution range of Hyalomma marginatum Koch in Ukraine that passes along the North of Odesa, Mykolayiv, Kirovograd, Dnipropetrovsk, Zaporizhia, Donetsk and Luhansk Oblasts has been specified. The natural habitat is mapped according to different possibilities for mass reproduction. Regular findings of H. marginatum inhabited unusual places may contribute to the spreading of diseases dangerous to humans and animals to new areas, where the latter may be treated as a biological threat of large epidemics and epizootics. Natural habitat of the Ixodidae species has been mapped in consideration of feeding types and the ability of it hosts to travel. Only the areas where all stages are regularly found were included what corroborates Ixodidae species establishing in new areas.
The Hierarchical System of Speech Acts
Authors: Kiklewicz Aleksander 
Published: August 2011

The Hierarchical System of Speech ActsThe author discusses the problem of speech acts classification on the basis of the pragmatic function. The relevant elements of context, on the example control of the announcement directly to target addressee or to third parties, are also taken into account. The classification of speech acts proposed by the author has a dichotomous as well as a hierarchical character. The author distinguishes and describes the following types of speech acts: inventional vs. conventional; communicative vs. uncommunicative; polite vs. customary; representative vs. performative; expositive vs. verdictive; causative vs. deliberative; descriptive vs. declarative; directive vs. commissive; initiative vs. reactive; extentional vs. intentional; appellative vs. creative; cooperative vs. magic.
Latin Super, Hittite Šer, and the Indo-European Numeral ‘7’
Authors: Shields Kenneth 
Published: August 2011

LatinSuper, HittiteŠer, and the Indo-European Numeral ‘7’In this brief paper, it is argued that the initial*s- found in the Latin and perhaps Greek reflexes of the Indo-European adprep*uper(i)‘over, above’ derives from blending with another adprep of the same meaning,*ser(i). Evidence is also presented for the creation of another blend involving these two forms,*sep-, which may underlie the Indo-European root for ‘7’. This latter assertion is strengthened by typological precedent.
Hopkinson Effect Study in Spinel and Hexagonal Ferrites
Authors: Sláma Jozef , Šoka Martin , Grusková Anna , Gonzalez Alvaro , Jančárik Vladimír 
Published: August 2011

Hopkinson Effect Study in Spinel and Hexagonal Ferrites
The magnetic susceptibility shows a Hopkinson peak just below the Curie temperature TC when heating the selected hexagonal and spinel ferrite samples. It is proposed that this peak can be associated with a transition from stable magnetic state to super-paramagnetic relaxation above the blocking temperature up to the TC. The Hopkinson effect results are compared with SEM micrographs of both studied hexagonal and spinel ferrites.
Performance of Dual-Hop Relaying Over Shadowed Ricean Fading Channels
Authors: Cvetković Aleksandra , Anastasov Jelena , Panić Stefan , Stefanović Mihajlo , Milić Dejan 
Published: August 2011

Performance of Dual-Hop Relaying Over Shadowed Ricean Fading Channels
In this paper, an analytical approach for evaluating performance of dual-hop cooperative link over shadowed Ricean fading channels is presented. New lower bound expressions for the probability density function (PDF), cumulative distribution function (CDF) and average bit error probability (ABEP) for system with channel state information (CSI) relay are derived. Some numerical results are presented to show behavior of performance gain for the proposed system. Analytical exact and lower bound expression for the outage probability (OP) of CSI assisted relay are obtained and required numerical results are compared.
Estimating the Prevalence of DSM-IV Mental Illness in the Australian General Population Using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale
Authors: Sunderland Matthew , Slade Tim , Stewart Gavin , Andrews Gavin 
Published: August 2011

Objective: The aim of this study was to present scoring rules for predicting DSM-IV mental illness in the previous 12 months using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale in the Australian population. Method: The method described in Kessler et al. [ 1 ] was closely followed using data from the 2007 Australian Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing. A series of 93 nested logistic regression models were generated and compared to estimate the predicted probabilities of mental illness for each survey respondent using scores on the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale. The best model was selected using information theoretic criteria. Concordance between the predicted probabilities of mental illness generated by the best models with DSM-IV defined mental illness, assessed using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview, was determined using receiver operating characteristic analysis. Results: The best fitting models were found to contain the quadratic form of the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (both 6 item and 10 item versions). Age was found to be significant in the model predicting mood, anxiety, and substance use with serious impairment using the 6 item version whilst age and gender was found to be significant in the model for the 10 item version. The concordance between the predicted probabilities of mood, anxiety, and substance use with serious impairment generated from the best models and DSM-IV mood, anxiety, and substance use with serious impairment was within an acceptable level for both versions. Results were similar when predicting DSM-IV mood, anxiety, and substance use without seriousness indicators and DSM-IV anxiety and depression. The performance of predicted probabilities was then examined in various sub-populations of the Australian population. Conclusions: Using a logistic regression model, the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale can be used to generate predicted probabilities of mental illness with an acceptable level of agreement in Australian-based population studies where it is not feasible to conduct a comprehensive assessment.
The Nature and Correlates of Avoidance in Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder
Authors: Starcevic Vladan , Berle David , Brakoulias Vlasios , Sammut Peter , Moses Karen , Milicevic Denise , Hannan Anthony 
Published: August 2011

Objectives: Avoidance in obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) has been neglected by research. This study aimed (i) to collect information on the nature and frequency of avoidance in people with OCD and ascertain the types of obsessions related to avoidance; (ii) compare OCD individuals with and without avoidance, and (iii) determine predictors of avoidance in people with OCD. Method: A total of 124 OCD adults underwent a comprehensive assessment. Participants were asked whether they engaged in any avoidance behaviour because of their OCD, and the nature and number of instances of such avoidance were recorded. The instances of avoidance were grouped according to the type of obsession and compulsion that they were related to. Results: A total of 74 (59.7%) participants reported OCD-related avoidance. Avoidance was most commonly related to contamination obsessions. Almost 80% of all contamination obsessions and more than 50% of all aggressive obsessions were associated with avoidance, and contamination obsessions were significantly more common among the participants with avoidance. In contrast, very few obsessions about a need to collect and keep objects and obsessions about a need for ordering, arranging and doing things right or in an exact way were associated with avoidance; these types of obsessions were also significantly more common among the participants without avoidance. The strongest predictor of avoidance was the presence of contamination obsessions. Participants with avoidance had a significantly more severe OCD than those without avoidance. Conclusions: Avoidance is common in OCD, and it is particularly frequently associated with contamination obsessions. There is a weak link between avoidance and hoarding and between avoidance and ordering/arranging/symmetry obsessions and compulsions. These results, along with the finding that OCD with avoidance is a more severe illness, have implications for the future diagnostic criteria, description, subtyping and treatment of OCD and for its relationship with other anxiety disorders.
Polarization Measurement and Inference in Many Dimensions When Subgroups Can Not Be Identified
Authors: Anderson Gordon 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe most popular general univariate polarization indexes for discrete and continuous variables are extended and combined to describe the extent of polarization between agents in a distribution defined over a collection of many discrete and continuous agent characteristics. A formula for the asymptotic variance of the index is also provided. The implementation of the index is illustrated with an application to Chinese urban household data drawn from six provinces in the years 1987 and 2001 (years spanning the growth and urbanization period subsequent to the economic reforms). The data relates to household adult equivalent log income, adult equivalent living space, which are both continuous variables and the education of the head of household which is a discrete variable. For this data set combining the characteristics changes the view of polarization that would be inferred from considering the indices individually.
Forest stand structure, composition, and dynamics in 34 sites over Japan
Authors: Ishihara Masae I. , Suzuki Satoshi N. , Nakamura Masahiro , Enoki Tsutomu , Fujiwara Akio , Hiura Tsutom , Homma Kosuke , Hoshino Daisuke , Hoshizaki Kazuhiko , Ida Hideyuki , Ishida Ken , Itoh Akira , Kaneko Takayuki , Kubota Kaname , Kuraji Koichiro , Kuramoto Shigeo , Makita Akifumi , Masaki Takashi , Namikawa Kanji , Niiyama Kaoru , Noguchi Mahoko , Nomiya Haruto , Ohkubo Tatsuhiro , Saito Satoshi , Sakai Takeshi , Sakimoto Michinori , Sakio Hitoshi , Shibano Hirofumi , Sugita Hisashi , Suzuki Mitsuo , Takashima Atsushi , Tanaka Nobuyuki , Tashiro Naoaki , Tokuchi Naoko ,   Yakushima Forest Environment Conservation Center, Yoshida Toshiya , Yoshida Yumiko 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThis data paper reports tree census data collected in a network of 34 forest sites in Japan. This is the largest forest data set freely available in Japan to date. The network is a part of the Monitoring Sites 1000 Project launched by the Ministry of the Environment, Japan. It covers subarctic to subtropical climate zones and the four major forest types in Japan. Forty‐two permanent plots, usually 1 ha in size, were established in old‐growth or secondary natural forests. Censuses of woody species ≥15 cm girth at breast height were conducted every year or once during 2004 to 2009. The data provide species abundance, survivorship and stem girth growth of 52,534 individuals of 334 tree and liana species. The censuses adopted common census protocol, which provide good opportunities for meta‐analyses and comparative studies among forests. The data have been used for ecological studies as well as for the biodiversity reports published by the Ministry of the Environment.
Cognitive Outcomes and Activity of Daily Living for Neurosurgical Patients with Intrinsic Brain Lesions: A 1-year Prevalence Study
Authors: Wong George Kwok Chu , Wong Rosanna , Poon Wai Sang 
Published: August 2011

Background No prevalence data on cognitive outcomes are available for general neurosurgical patients and few studies have assessed the correlation between common cognitive assessment tools of the occupational therapists and activity of daily living (ADL) at 1 year. Methods Consecutive neurosurgical patients with intrinsic brain lesions (brain tumours, traumatic intracerebral haematomas, spontaneous intracerebral haematomas, and cerebral arteriovenous malformations) were approached for consent to participate in the present study. Results At 1 year, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment score (mean ± standard deviation) was 20.4 (±8.6) and 42% of the patients had scores less than 22. The median number of the Neurobehavioral Cognitive Status Examination domains below the cutoff values was 8 (interquartile range: 3.5–9.75). Conclusions The cognitive assessments–-the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, the Frontal Assessment Battery, and the Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test–-showed satisfactory discriminating power for complete independence in instrumental ADL. Instrumental ADL was best correlated with the Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test.
Wrist Positioning and Muscle Activities in the Wrist Extensor and Flexor during Piano Playing
Authors: Oikawa Naoki , Tsubota Sadako , Chikenji Takako , Chin Gyoku , Aoki Mitsuhiro 
Published: August 2011

Objective Musicians tend to suffer from playing-related musculoskeletal problems over the forearm muscles. Lateral epicondylitis of the elbow is the most common disease of pianists. The purpose of this study was to measure by electromyography (EMG) the wrist extensor and flexor to clarify the burden of forearm muscles during piano playing with various wrist positions. Methods Fourteen female piano students and 14 novice females participated in this study. Surface EMG was conducted during piano playing in nine conditions that combined three wrist positions with three degrees of loudness. Results The muscle activities increased with the increase of loudness in both groups. Muscle activities for both the wrist extensor and flexor were the smallest in the neutral wrist position. There were no differences of the muscle activities between the piano-student and the control groups. Conclusion The neutral position of the wrist should be recommended for reduction of play ingrelated musculoskeletal burden during piano playing.
mGluR5 knockout mice exhibit normal conditioned place-preference to cocaine
Authors: Fowler Melissa , Varnell Andrew , Cooper Donald 
Published: August 2011

AbstractMetabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) null mutant (-/-) mice have been reported to totally lack the reinforcing or locomotor stimulating effects of cocaine. We tested mGluR5 -/- and +/+ mice for their locomotor and conditioned place- preference response to cocaine. Unlike the previous finding, here we show that compared to mGluR5 +/+ mice, -/- mice exhibit no difference in the locomotor response to low to moderate doses of cocaine (10 or 20 mg/kg). A high dose of cocaine (40 mg/kg) resulted in a blunted rather than absent locomotor response. We tested mGluR5 -/- and +/+ mice for conditioned place-preference to cocaine and found no group differences at a conditioning dose of 10 mg/kg, suggesting normal conditioned rewarding properties of cocaine. These results differ substantially from Chiamulera et al. (2001) and replicates Olsen et al., (2010), who found normal cocaine place-preference in mGluR5 -/- mice at 5 mg/kg. Our results indicate mGluR5 receptors exert a modulatory rather than necessary role in cocaine-induced locomotor stimulation and exert no effect on the conditioned rewarding effects of cocaine.
Dynamics of proteins and DNA in a Paul trap
Authors: Shah Kushal 
Published: August 2011

AbstractPaul traps are increasingly being used in a wide variety of applications in biology including study of protein dynamics and DNA sequencing. In this paper, statistical properties of a macromolecule chain in a Paul trap are theoretically analyzed using a simple model of charged particles connected by rigid rods. It is found that the mean displacement of chain varies linearly with the chain length, showing properties of enhanced diffusion, compared to the normal diffusion relation which exists for the case of a macromolecule chain in a force-free region. The dependence of the mean displacement on the chain length and trap parameters is also found to be very different for the case of pure dc operation and pure ac operation of the Paul trap.
Resolving axon fiber crossings at clinical b‐values: An evaluation study
Authors: Ramirez‐Manzanares Alonso , Cook Philip A. , Hall Matt , Ashtari Manzar , Gee James C. 
Published: August 2011

Purpose:Diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging is widely used to study the structure of the fiber pathways of brain white matter. However, the diffusion tensor cannot capture complex intravoxel fiber architecture such as fiber crossings of bifurcations. Consequently, a number of methods have been proposed to recover intravoxel fiber bundle orientations from high angular resolution diffusion imaging scans, optimized to resolve fiber crossings. It is important to improve the brain tractography by applying these multifiber methods to diffusion tensor protocols with a clinicalb‐
value (low), which are optimized on computing tensor scalar statistics. In order to characterize the variance among different methods, consequently to be able to select the most appropriate one for a particular application, it is desirable to compare them under identical experimental conditions.Methods:In this work, the authors study how QBall, spherical deconvolution, persistent angular structure, stick and ball, diffusion basis functions, and analytical QBall methods perform under clinically‐realistic scanning conditions, where theb‐value is typically lower (around 1000 s/mm2), and the number of diffusion encoding orientations is fewer (30–60) than in dedicated high angular resolution diffusion imaging scans. To characterize the performance of the methods, they consider the accuracy of the estimated number of fibers, the relative contribution of each fiber population to the total magnetic resonance signal, and the recovered orientation error for each fiber bundle. To this aim, they use four different sources of data: synthetic data from Gaussian mixture model, cylinder restricted model, and in vivo data from two different acquisition schemes.Results:Results of their experiments indicate that: (a) it is feasible to apply only a subset of these methods to clinical data sets and (b) it allows one to characterize the performance of each method. In particular, two methods are not feasible to the kind of magnetic resonance diffusion data they test. By the characterization of their systematic behavior, among other conclusions, they report the method which better performs for the estimation of the number of diffusion peaks per voxel, also the method which better estimates the diffusion orientation.Conclusions:The framework they propose for comparison allows one to effectively characterize and compare the performance of the most frequently used multifiber algorithms under realistic medical settings and realistic signal–to–noise ratio environments. The framework is based on several crossings with a non–orientational bias and different signal models. The results they present are relevant for medical doctors and researchers, interested in the use of the multifiber solution for tractography.