bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Torque magnetometry analysis of magnetic anisotropy distribution in Ni nanowire arrays
Authors: Vega Victor , Prida Victor M. , García Jose Angel , Vazquez Manuel 
Published: November 2010

AbstractHighly ordered arrays of Ni nanowires have been prepared by pulsed electrochemical deposition into nanopores of anodic alumina membranes (NAAMs) used as templates. They have been experimentally characterized by magnetic torque measurements and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) techniques in order to determine the magnetic anisotropy of the hexagonal array of nanowires. A detailed analysis of the experimental data has been performed based on a phenomenological model taking into account the influence of the nanowire shape anisotropy added to the dipolar magnetostatic interactions among them. An overall agreement is obtained between the simulations derived from the model and the experimental magnetic torque anisotropy curves.
Mechanical relaxation in supercooled liquids of bulk metallic glasses
Authors: Wen Ping , Zhao Zuo Feng , Pan Ming Xiang , Wang Wei Hua 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWe report the mechanical relaxation behaviors in typical supercooled liquids of bulk metallic glasses (BMGs). The metallic supercooled liquids are ideal systems for studying intrinsic motions of glass‐former supercooled liquids because their structure is close to the simple “dense random packing of spheres” model. We show that the primary relaxation in the frequency domain is dissipative and can be described by the empirical Kohlrausch–Williams–Watts function, and the temperature dependence of the primary relaxation time has the Vogel–Fulcher–Tamman form. Beyond the primary relaxation, an excess wing is found on the high‐frequency tail of the primary relaxation. A corresponding shoulder is exhibited at a given frequency in the temperature region below the glass‐transition temperature. The experimental results confirm that the decoupling between the slowβrelaxation and the primary (α) relaxation exists in metallic supercooled liquids. Based on the current models of the glass transition, we demonstrate that the dynamically heterogeneity originates in the heterogeneous microstructure of metallic supercooled liquids, and a picture of the heterogeneous microstructure is provided.
Controlled growth of rutile TiO2by atomic layer deposition on oxidized ruthenium
Authors: Popovici Mihaela , Swerts Johan , Tomida Kazuyuki , Radisic Dunja , Kim Min‐Soo , Kaczer Ben , Richard Olivier , Bender Hugo , Delabie Annelies , Moussa Alain , Vrancken Christa , Opsomer Karl , Franquet Alexis , Pawlak Malgorzata A. , Schaekers Marc , Altimime Laith , Van Elshocht Sven , Kittl Jorge A. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractCrystalline rutile TiO2films were grown by atomic layer deposition on oxidized Ru electrodes using a titanium methoxide as the metal precursor and O3as the oxidant. A protective layer of ∼0.3 nm TiO2grown with H2O as the oxidant was first deposited in order to avoid etching of the Ru bottom electrode by the O3used for the growth of the TiO2(bulk) layer. Electrical evaluation of the capacitor stacks with TiO2as dielectric, RuO2/Ru and Pt as the bottom and top electrodes respectively, resulted in superior characteristics of the rutile phase as compared to the anatase. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The Effect of Four Coffee types on Normotensive rats and Normal/Hypertensive Human Volunteers
Authors: Awaad Amani S. , Soliman G. A. , Al‐Outhman Mounerah R. , Al‐Shdoukhi Ibtehaj F. , Al‐Nafisah Rawan S. , Al‐Shamery Jawaher , Al‐Samkhan Ramlah , Baqer Mariam , Al‐Jaber Nabila A. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractCoffee is a commonly consumed beverage. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the four coffee types on blood pressure (BP). The caffeine percentage was tested on one cup (250 mL) of each type of coffee (Arabian, Turkish, American and an instant coffee preparation) using two methods. 65 adult male rats and 400 healthy human volunteers were used in this study. Normotensive rats were treated orally with a single dose of normal saline with varying types of coffee. Normotensive and mildly hypertensive human volunteers were administered a cup (250 mL) of any type of coffee separately. Tail cuff and a strain‐gauge plethysmograph were used to measure the systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and heart rate (HR) of the rats, and volunteers, respectively before and 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2 h post administration. The mean arterial pressure (MAP) was calculated mathematically using SBP and DBP. The alkaloidal percentage of different types of coffee showed the presence variable contents and amount of active materials. The study showed that Arabian, Turkish, American and instant coffee all have the potential to cause a BP lowering effect. Variable antimicrobial activities were recorded for the different types of coffee when tested bacteria. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of Capsaicin on Lipid Catabolism in 3T3‐L1 Adipocytes
Authors: Lee Mak‐Soon , Kim Chong‐Tai , Kim In‐Hwan , Kim Yangha 
Published: November 2010

AbstractCapsaicin (8‐methyl‐N‐vanillyl‐6‐nonenamide) is a pungent ingredient of red peppers, and has been reported to reduce body weight gain and adiposity in rodents. The present study investigated the effects of capsaicin on lipid catabolism in differentiated 3T3‐L1 adipocytes. Capsaicin decreased the intracellular lipid content in a concentration‐dependent manner. The release of glycerol into the medium was increased by the addition of capsaicin. The mRNA levels of genes involved in lipid catabolism such as hormone sensitive lipase (HSL), carnitine palmitoyl transferase‐Iα (CPTI‐α) and uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) were up‐regulated significantly. These results suggest that capsaicin exerts its lipolytic action by increasing the hydrolysis of triacylglycerol in adipocytes, and that these effects are mediated at least partially by regulation of the expression of multiple genes that are involved in the lipid catabolic pathway, such as HSL and CPT‐Iα, and those involved in thermogenesis such as UCP2. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of berberine and Berberis aetnensis C. Presl. alkaloid extract on glutamate‐evoked tissue transglutaminase up‐regulation in astroglial cell cultures
Authors: Campisi Agata , Acquaviva Rosaria , Mastrojeni Silvana , Raciti Giuseppina , Vanella Angelo , De Pasquale Rita , Puglisi Salvatore , Iauk Liliana 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBerberis aetnensis C. Presl. is a bushy‐spiny shrub common on Mount Etna (Sicily, Italy), containing various alkaloids with several pharmacological properties. This study assessed the effect of berberine and of the alkaloid extract of B. aetnensis roots on the glutamate‐evoked tissue transglutaminase (TG2) up‐regulation in rat astrocyte primary cultures, used as an in vitro model of excitotoxicity. The findings show that the alkaloid extract of B. aetnensis roots consists mainly of berberine. Furthermore, berberine and the alkaloid extract of B. aetnensis roots were able to restore the oxidative status modified by glutamate and the levels of TG2 to control values. It was found that berberine or the alkaloid extract of B. aetnensis roots are able to ameliorate the excessive production of glutamate, protein misfolding and aggregation, mitochondrial fragmentation, and neurodegeneration. Thus, it is suggested that berberine and the alkaloid extract of B. aetnensis roots, may represent a natural therapeutic strategy in the neuropathological conditions associated with excitotoxicity. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Robust output stabilization: Improving performance via supervisory control
Authors: Efimov D. , Loria A. , Panteley E. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWe analyze robust stability, in an input–output sense, of switched systems. The primary goal (and contribution) of this paper is to design switching strategies to guarantee that input–output stable systems remain so under switching. We propose two types ofsupervisors: dwell‐time and hysteresis based. While our results are stated as tools of analysis they serve a clear purpose in design: to improve performance by appropriately switching among given stabilizing controllers with different performance features. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ISS feedback control redesign for continuous stirred tank reactors
Authors: Pepe Pierdomenico , Di Ciccio Maria Paola 
Published: November 2010

AbstractIn this paper a new nonlinear feedback control law for continuous stirred tank reactors, obtained by exact Input/Output (I/O) linearization and Sontag's input‐to‐state stability feedback control redesign methods, is studied. By the new feedback control law, a significant attenuation of the disturbance effect is guaranteed, with evident improvement with respect to control laws obtained by the exact I/O linearization method. The performed simulations validate the theoretical results. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Integrating distributed work: comparing task design, communication, and tacit coordination mechanisms
Authors: Srikanth Kannan , Puranam Phanish 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWe investigate coordination strategies in integrating distributed work. In the context of Business Process Offshoring (BPO), we analyze survey data from 126 offshored processes to understand both the sources of difficulty in integrating distributed work as well as how organizations overcome these difficulties. We find that interdependence between offshored and onshore processes can lower offshored process performance, and investing in coordination mechanisms can ameliorate the performance impact of interdependence. In particular, we outline a distinctive set of coordination mechanisms that rely on tacit coordination—and theoretically articulate and empirically show that tacit coordination mechanisms are distinct from the well‐known duo of coordination strategies: building communication channels or modularizing processes to minimize the need for communication. We discuss implications for the study of coordination in organizations. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The effects of board human and social capital on investor reactions to new CEO selection
Authors: Tian Jie (Jenny) , Haleblian Jerayr (John) , Rajagopalan Nandini 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThis study extends work on independent directors to examine the influence of their human capital and social capital on investor reactions to the board's CEO selection decision. We predict that human capital, as represented by the board's CEO experience and industry experience, and social capital, as represented by directors' co‐working experience on the board and external directorship ties to other corporate boards, will influence the stock market reactions to new CEO appointments. In a sample of 208 new CEO appointment events in U.S. manufacturing firms between 1999 and 2003, we found that the stock market reacted favorably to the appointments made by boards with higher levels of human and social capital. We also found that the effect of internal social capital was stronger when the new CEO was an insider rather than an outsider. The implications of the results for director selection and CEO succession are discussed. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Global equity offerings, corporate valuation, and subsequent international diversification
Authors: Hasan Iftekhar , Kobeissi Nada , Wang Haizhi 
Published: November 2010

AbstractResearchers have long wondered why U.S. firms offer their equity in multiple global capital markets even though they have access to a deep domestic capital market. Based on a propensity score‐matching sample of IPOs for U.S. firms from 1990 to 2003, this paper offers some potential answers. We find strong evidence that issuers who choose global equity offerings experience higher valuations at the IPO stage, as measured by Tobin's q. Our evidence also shows that global equity offerings serve as a deliberate strategic tool to increase issuers' international visibility and their propensity to diversify operationally to international markets. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Epithelial-Connective Tissue Interactions Induced by Thyroid Hormone Receptor Are Essential for Adult Stem Cell Development in the Xenopus laevis Intestine
Authors: Hasebe Takashi , Buchholz Daniel R. , Shi Yun-Bo , Ishizuya-Oka Atsuko 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
In the amphibian intestine during metamorphosis, stem cells appear and generate the adult absorptive epithelium, analogous to the mammalian one, under the control of thyroid hormone (TH). We have previously shown that the adult stem cells originate from differentiated larval epithelial cells in the Xenopus laevis intestine. To clarify whether TH signaling in the epithelium alone is sufficient for inducing the stem cells, we have now performed tissue recombinant culture experiments using transgenic X. laevis tadpoles that express a dominant-positive TH receptor (dpTR) under a control of heat shock promoter. Wild-type (Wt) or dpTR transgenic (Tg) larval epithelium (Ep) was isolated from the tadpole intestine, recombined with homologous or heterologous nonepithelial tissues (non-Ep), and then cultivated in the absence of TH with daily heat shocks to induce transgenic dpTR expression. Adult epithelial progenitor cells expressing sonic hedgehog became detectable on day 5 in both the recombinant intestine of Tg Ep and Tg non-Ep (Tg/Tg) and that of Tg Ep and Wt non-Ep (Tg/Wt). However, in Tg/Wt intestine, they did not express other stem cell markers such as Musashi-1 and never generated the adult epithelium expressing a marker for absorptive epithelial cells. Our results indicate that, while it is unclear why some larval epithelial cells dedifferentiate into adult progenitor/stem cells, TR-mediated gene expression in the surrounding tissues other than the epithelium is required for them to develop into adult stem cells, suggesting the importance of TH-inducible epithelial-connective tissue interactions in establishment of the stem cell niche in the amphibian intestine.
Seismic nonlinear static new method of spatial asymmetric multi‐storey reinforced concrete buildings
Authors: Makarios Triantafyllos K. 
Published: November 2010

SUMMARYIn order to obtain the seismic demands of spatial asymmetric multi‐storey reinforced concrete (r/c) buildings, a new seismic nonlinear static (pushover) procedure that uses inelastic response acceleration spectra is presented in this paper. The latter makes use of the optimum equivalent nonlinear single degree of freedom system, which is used to represent the general spatial asymmetric multi‐storey r/c building. For each asymmetric multi‐storey building, a total of 12 suitable nonlinear static analyses are needed according to the new proposed procedure, whereas at least 96 suitable nonlinear dynamic analyses are required in the case of nonlinear response history analysis (NLRHA), respectively. In addition, the present paper provides answers to a series of further questions with reference to the spatial action of the two horizontal seismic components in the static nonlinear (pushover) analyses, as well as to the documented calculation of the available behaviour factor of the asymmetric multi‐storey r/c building. According to the paper, this new proposed seismic nonlinear static procedure is a natural extension of the documented equivalent seismic static linear (simplified spectral) method that is recommended by the established contemporary seismic codes, with reference to torsional provisions. Finally, through a restricted parametric analysis carried out in this paper, a relevant numerical example of a two‐storey r/c building is presented for illustration purposes, where the seismic demand floor inelastic displacements are compared with the respective displacements obtained by the NLRHA. Consequently, the new proposed seismic nonlinear static procedure, which uses inelastic response acceleration spectra, can reliably evaluate the extreme values of floor inelastic displacements (on the flexible and stiff side of the building), as is shown by the above comparisons. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of stress levels applied to pre‐stressing strands on post‐tensioned beam‐to‐column connections
Authors: Kaya Mustafa , Arslan A. Samet 
Published: November 2010

SUMMARYThis article presents an experiment study on precast beam‐to‐column connections with 15.24 mm diameter pre‐stressing strands. Stress levels of 40%, 50% and 60% tensile stress were applied to the pre‐stressing strands. Following the experiments, precast specimens were compared with those of the reference specimen. The load capacity of the precast specimen stressed at the level of 60% tensile stress reached 98% of the load capacity of the reference specimen, and the amount of energy dissipated by the same specimen reached 48% of that dissipated by the reference specimen. The stiffness of the same precast specimen at 1.5% drift was observed to be 71% of the reference specimen at the same drift. In the experimental studies, it was seen that the maximum stress determined in this specimen, which pre‐stressing strands provide connection, reached approximately 75% of the tensile strength of the pre‐stressing strands. It could not be said that topping concrete in experiment specimens increased strength. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On the dynamics of a very slender building under winds: response reduction using MR dampers with lever mechanism
Authors: Aly Aly Mousaad , Zasso Alberto , Resta Ferruccio 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThis paper presents wind‐induced response reduction in a very slender building using magneto‐rheological (MR) dampers with lever mechanism. The building presents a case study of an engineered design that is instructive. The paper shows that shear response and flexural response of tall buildings present two very different cases for vibration suppression. MR dampers are implemented optimally in the building to reduce its response in the lateral directions for both structural safety and occupant comfort concerns. A proposed lever mechanism is used with the dampers to improve their performance. The study shows how a lever mechanism can enable application to flexural response and scenarios where the inter‐story drift is not enough for dampers to work effectively. Furthermore, the decentralized bang‐bang controller produced additional improvement to the performance of the MR dampers. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Beam‐attached steel plate shear walls
Authors: Pirmoz Akbar 
Published: November 2010

SUMMARYConnecting to their surrounding beams and columns, unstiffened steel plate shear walls (SPSWs) are widely used as an appropriate lateral resisting system for designing and retrofitting of structures against lateral loads. The base philosophy for the performance of such systems, post‐buckling tension field formation, needs strong enough boundary elements to form. However, in some cases, relatively low performance demand needs panels with impractical thickness. To overcome the construction limitations, the designer is forced to use thicker plates, and consequently to satisfy the post‐buckling tension field philosophy, heavier column sections must be used. A novel configuration of steel shear walls, beam‐attached SPSWs, in which the size of the column section is released to be as a function of the plate thickness and removes the wasteful need for heavy columns, is proposed in this paper. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nanostructure control in polymer solar cells by self‐organization
Authors: Tajima Keisuke , Hashimoto Kazuhito 
Published: November 2010

AbstractRecently, polymer solar cells (PSCs) based on “bulk heterojunctions” using a simple mixture of electron donor and acceptor materials in thin films have been extensively studied. Although relatively high power conversion efficiencies have been achieved by using this approach, further improvement is necessary to precisely construct stable, reproducible nanostructures that are suitable for both efficient charge separation and transport inside such films. For this purpose, it is highly desirable to utilize a bottom‐up approach, such as the self‐organized formation of inorganic and organic nanostructures. In this review, an overview of our recent studies on the control of nanostructures in PSCs is presented. DOI 10.1002/tcr.201000015
Energy equilibrium based on corona structure for wireless sensor networks
Authors: Lin Kai , Chen Min 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTAlthough multi‐hop routing can reduce communication consumption and extend network scale, energy hole is unavoidable to appear because of the relay nodes being overloaded due to take more tasks. In this paper, we formulate the energy equilibrium problem as an optimal corona division, where data fusion and data slice are both considered in data gathering process. For a circular multi‐hop sensor network with uniform node distribution and constant data reporting, we demonstrate that the energy equilibrium of the whole network is unable to be realized no matter whether data fusion and data slice are adopted. However, the maximum energy equilibrium for a given circular area can be achieved only if the area increases in geometric progression from the outer corona to the neighbor inner corona except for the outermost one. Moreover, we use a zone‐based allocation scheme to guarantee energy equilibrium of intra‐corona. The approach for computing the optimal parameters is presented in terms of maximizing network lifetime. Based on the mathematical model, we propose an energy equilibrium routing based on corona structure (EERCS). Simulating results validate that EERCS can effectively achieve energy equilibrium and prolong the lifetime of network. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Interleave‐division multiple access (IDMA) using low‐rate layered LDGM codes
Authors: Vázquez‐Araújo Francisco J. , González‐López Miguel , Castedo Luis , Garcia‐Frias Javier 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTWe propose the use of low‐rate layered serially concatenated low‐density generator matrix (SCLDGM) codes in interleave‐division multiple access (IDMA) systems to approach the multiuser capacity. We study the behavior of the soft interference cancellation (SIC) detector employed in IDMA systems and design the channel codes using EXtrinsic Information Transfer (EXIT) evolution, aiming at optimizing the system performance. Simulation results show that the designed codes approach the theoretical limits and outperform previous IDMA schemes based on Turbo‐Hadamard codes. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Adaptive BU association and resource allocation in integrated PON‐WiMAX networks
Authors: Gong Ming , Lin Bin , Ho Pin‐Han , Hung Patrick 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTThis paper addresses the issues of Base station—User Association and Resources Allocation (BUA‐RA) in OFDM‐TDMA based broadband wireless access (BWA) networks under passive optical networks (PON)‐WiMAX integration. With the powerful coordination capability at the optical line terminal (OLT), a key technology of inter‐cell cooperative transmission (CT) is incorporated in the integrated network architecture, which is called cooperative PON‐WiMAX network (CPWN). To achieve an efficient integration and inter‐cell cooperative transmission in the CPWNs, the BUA‐RA scheme is critical to the Quality of Service (QoS) provisioning for each user. In order to minimize the network resource usage, we provide three new BUA‐RA schemes which first time employ the cooperative transmission in a multi‐cell BWA network. The three schemes are designed for three kinds of subscribers with different moving types, and can be adaptively applied based on the network load. Simulations are conducted to verify the proposed BUA‐RA schemes by comparing with those without cooperative transmission technology. Our results demonstrate the efficiency of our proposed schemes, which are based on mathematical formulations and linearization. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.