bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the role of positive emotions in leadership learning
Authors: Traini Haley , McKee Katherine , Smist Jennifer , Rosch David Michael 
Published: February 2025

PurposeThis project represents an exploratory qualitative investigation of the connection between undergraduate students’ experiences of positive emotions in academic leadership courses and their self-reports of leadership learning.Design/methodology/approachOur research team conducted a qualitative analysis of 298 post-course survey comments from students in academic courses focused on leader development over three academic years. These surveys included prompts inviting students to report dominant emotions they repeatedly felt within the classroom environment and how these salient emotions helped or hindered their learning over the course of the semester.FindingsOur results suggest a complex interplay between the ways students’ self-reported experience of positive emotions during a leadership class influenced their leadership learning and course engagement. Overall, student responses revealed positive emotions through their course engagement, with interest, joy and serenity/contentment being the most frequently reported positive emotions. Participants attributed these emotions to influencing their willingness to attend class, participate in class activities, deepen their learning about leadership topics and apply their leadership learning beyond the class.Originality/valueEducational research has long shown that emotions are relevant to specific learning processes. However, this research has not yet been applied to leadership-focused classrooms. Our novel study focused on the connections between emotional reactions to leadership courses and student learning and was designed to help unlock the primary mechanisms by which young people learn to lead through formal academic coursework.
Grassroots innovations in agriculture innovation systems: insights into seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) in Ladakh, India
Authors: Kumar Hemant , Bhaduri Saradindu , Saikia Abhinandan , Ali Mohd , Sharma Gautam 
Published: February 2025

Purpose
Agriculture innovation systems (AIS) examine the complex socio-technical and institutional aspects affecting sustainable agriculture. However, it is predominantly constrained to the formal sector activities in the high-income countries (HICs). The informal sector actors play a major role in the agricultural sector of low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), such as India, by innovating and disseminating grassroots innovations (GI). This study aims to explore the role of different GI, both by the informal and formal sectors, within an emerging AIS focused on seabuckthorn in Ladakh, India.

Design/methodology/approach
This study used a qualitative methodology, using semi-structured interviews and focused group discussions to gather data from the stakeholders involved in seabuckthorn value chain. The data was analysed using the AIS framework’sa priori themes and was validated through data triangulation with secondary sources.

Findings
This study reveals the existence of GI, by both the formal and informal sector actors, and their complex interaction within the seabuckthorn value chain. It highlights the importance of co-existence of these GI to make it a sustainable seabuckthorn AIS.

Practical implications
This study offers noteworthy perspectives for governments, policymakers and agricultural practitioners with respect to the assimilation of GI into AIS. These insights could help improve agricultural sustainability and viability, particularly in LMICs where the informal sector plays a significant role.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is one of the first to explore the role of GI within AIS and opens up research avenues for further inquiry in both LMICs and HICs.
A Calvinist Bolthole? The Unusual Survival of Great Yarmouth's Dutch Congregation
Authors: BUCK DANNY 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe case of Great Yarmouth's Dutch congregation exemplifies the complexity of the migrant experience in early modern Britain. It shows how a community of Dutch émigrés defined itself through its Calvinist faith, with the minister, congregation and chapel all playing central roles. Over the seventeenth century, the number of Dutch exiles and their descendants in Great Yarmouth dwindled, threatening the survival of their ministry and the community it sustained. It was the choice between separation from, or assimilation to, the English community that created a tension between the town's Dutch ministers, their congregation and the town's Puritan elite. The exceptional success of second‐ and third‐generation Dutch migrants in maintaining their community for over a century before the congregation's dissolution can be attributed to Great Yarmouth's unique economic circumstances as the main port for Dutch herring fishermen and a complex religious settlement that pitted Calvinist Presbyterians and Independents against conformist Anglicans.
Comparison of mechanical restraint use in a metropolitan ED after system change: A before and after analysis
Authors: La Barrass Jaislie , Mallows James L , Salter Mark D , Budek Megan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundPrior to 2020, Nepean ED had high rates of restraint of mental health (MH) patients compared to peer hospitals. Restraint can cause emotional and physical trauma to patients and staff and should be used as seldom as possible. The ED undertook a project to reduce the number and duration of restraint episodes, involving telepsychiatry, culture change, staff education, increasing use of sedation and bedside engagement in de‐escalation techniques.ObjectivesTo compare the differences in mechanical restraint episodes between 2019 and 2021 calendar years, after a year of change implementation in 2020.MethodA single‐centre retrospective cohort analysis of patients requiring mechanical restraint for MH complaints in 2019 and 2021 was conducted. Presentations of all MH patients were identified from the electronic medical record. Episodes of restraint were identified from the ED restraint register, and a file review of the electronic medical record was conducted to obtain data.ResultsIn 2021, there was a 11.5% increase in total MH presentations (2705 vs 3056). There was a decrease in the proportion of MH patients experiencing restraint from 8.8% to 6.3% (difference 2.5%; 95% CI 1.1%–3.8%). Mean duration of restraint decreased from 385 to 229 min (difference 145; 95% CI 93.3–196.2) and use of sedation in restrained patients increased from 58.6% to 72.9% (difference 16%; 95% CI 6.8%–25.1%).ConclusionAfter a year of change implementation, there was a reduction in the use of restraints and an increase in the use of sedation in 2021 when compared to 2019.
Review article: Somatization Disorders in emergency department: A critical overview of current challenges and future directions
Authors: Garde Vidula , Churchill Meryl , Greenslade Jaimi , Watt Kerrianne , Mallett Andrew J , Morel Douglas 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIndividuals with Somatization Disorders present frequently to the ED with non‐cardiac chest pain, non‐specific abdominal pain, headaches and a range of other non‐specific symptoms. Somatization Disorder presentations are ubiquitous within the healthcare system. Seen as belonging to ‘no man's land’, these disorders, are often diagnosed and treated by different medical subspecialities. This characteristic of Somatization Disorders creates challenges regarding their diagnosis and management across emergency care settings. The current review explores the scope of the problem and, the challenges inherent in diagnosing and treating these disorders in ED environments. Based on available evidence and the essential character of these disorders, future directions are suggested for more effective emergency management and possible referral from ED.
Microbiome Literacy: Enhancing Public and Academic Understanding Through the ‘Microbiome & Health’ Online Course
Authors: Schweitzer Matthias , Wassermann Birgit , Abdelfattah Ahmed , Cernava Tomislav , Berg Gabriele 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTMicroorganisms are fundamental to life on Earth, influencing biogeochemical processes, soil fertility, and the health of humans, animals and plants. Human activities have left a remarkable footprint on the environment, including global microbiomes. Enhancing awareness and improving education about microbiome functions can contribute to a sustainable economy and resilient systems. However, public understanding of microbiome science is hindered by misinformation and limited accessible educational resources. To address this, we developed the massive open online course (MOOC) ‘Microbiome & Health’, available on iMooX.at and YouTube. The course, structured into six units, covers microbiome concepts, methodologies, human and plant microbiomes, antibiotic resistance, and environmental impacts, aligning with the One Health concept and the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations. Initial results show that the MOOC provides the means to increase microbiology literacy, with 73.2% external participation and above‐average completion rates. Integration as a mandatory component in university courses has improved student performance, halting declining grades and pass rates. This highlights the MOOC's potential to enhance public and academic understanding of microbiome science, fostering informed decisions for sustainable health and environmental stewardship as well as paving the way for new microbiome‐based solutions in biotechnology.
Production of the Sesquiterpene Bisabolene From One‐ and Two‐Carbon Compounds in Engineered Methanosarcina acetivorans
Authors: Mentrup Andrea , Scheitz Luca V. , Wallenfang Theo , Rother Michael 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe isoprenoid bisabolene, one of the simplest monocyclic sesquiterpenes, is a natural plant product that, in addition to its biological function, serves as a precursor for many industrial products. Due to the low concentration of bisabolene and the long harvest cycle, industrial production of this isoprenoid in plants is economically challenging. Chemical synthesis of bisabolene also suffers from significant disadvantages, such as low yields, toxic side products and high costs. Archaea appear suitable producers of isoprenoids, as their membrane lipids consist of isoprenoid ethers, which are synthesised via a variant of the mevalonate (MVA) pathway. Archaeal model species have versatile metabolic capacities, which makes them potential candidates for biotechnological applications. Here, we engineered Methanosarcina acetivorans for production of α‐bisabolene from one‐carbon substrates by introducing a bisabolene synthase from Abies grandis. Expression of a codon‐optimised bisabolene synthase gene in M. acetivorans resulted in 10.6 mg bisabolene/L of culture. Overexpressing genes of the MVA pathway only slightly increased bisabolene yields, which, however, were reached much earlier during incubations than in the corresponding parent strain. The data presented argue for the suitability of M. acetivorans for the biotechnical production of certain isoprenoids.
Between Protection and Participation: Informed Consent, Ethics and Play in Research With Children and Youth
Authors: Barbero Maria V. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTWhile a robust scholarly dialogue has emerged in recent decades surrounding child and youth‐centred research methods, less attention has been paid to how other elements of research design can better account for the needs, vulnerabilities, and perspectives of children and youth. In this article, I discuss challenges tied to informed consent processes and inflexible ethical guidelines in social science research with minors. Drawing from the child and youth studies literature as well as my past research experiences, I explore what it means to develop ethical approaches that are situated, responsive, and relational and which focus not only on the protection of minors but also their inclusion and full participation in research. In doing so, I develop the concept of “playful consent checkpoints” and argue that playful approaches can offer interesting and flexible possibilities for responding to ongoing ethical challenges in research with young people.
Optimizing Anesthesia Management in Liver Transplantation With Use of Real Time Frontal Electroencephalogram
Authors: Rice Gabriel , Douville Nicholas , Kumar Sathish , Bloom Patricia 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsFrontal electroencephalogram (fEEG) is a novel tool to monitor intraoperative sedation and may reduce anesthetic requirements. The utility of fEEG during liver transplantation has not been studied. The primary aim was to determine the association of fEEG with anesthetic requirement. Secondary aims included the effect of fEEG on intraoperative hemodynamics and postoperative outcomes.MethodsWe performed a single‐center retrospective cohort study of first‐time, liver‐alone transplant patients. Anesthetic requirement was measured by the mean minimum alveolar concentration of inhaled anesthetic. Hemodynamics were assessed by mean arterial pressure and total norepinephrine equivalents. Postoperative outcomes included time to extubation, mean postoperative sedation score, and incidence of delirium within five days of transplant. Both univariable and multivariable analysis was used.ResultsThere were 37 fEEG‐guided and 40 standard‐of‐care patients included in analysis. fEEG was associated with a 15% decrease of mean minimum alveolar concentration compared to standard‐of‐care (p < 0.01). There was no association between fEEG and mean arterial pressure or total norepinephrine equivalents. fEEG‐guided and standard‐of‐care patients had similar time‐to‐extubation (10 h vs. 10 h, p = 0.98) and incidence of post‐operative delirium (19% vs. 10%, p = 0.43). fEEG was associated with a lower average postoperative sedation score (Beta = −0.2, p = 0.03).ConclusionsOur study demonstrated an association of fEEG with a reduced anesthetic requirement while maintaining adequate sedation. Patients monitored with fEEG had lower postoperative sedation scores, but no changes in other postoperative outcomes. Future prospective studies are needed to better elucidate the role of fEEG in liver transplantation, its impact on patient outcomes, and its implications for healthcare costs.
Pharmacological treatment options for metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review
Authors: Konings Laura A. M. , Miguelañez‐Matute Lorena , Boeren Anna M. P. , van de Luitgaarden Inge A. T. , Dirksmeier Femme , de Knegt Rob J. , Tushuizen Maarten E. , Grobbee Diederick E. , Holleboom Adriaan G. , Cabezas Manuel Castro 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundMetabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is closely related to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) through a common root in insulin resistance. The more severe stage, metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatohepatitis (MASH), increases the risk for cardiovascular complications, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Several trials investigating established antidiabetic‐drugs in patients with T2DM and MASLD have yielded promising results. Therefore, we aimed to systematically review the effect of T2DM‐drug treatment on MALSD parameters.MethodsMedical databases were searched until January 2025 for controlled trials in patients with T2DM and MASLD/MASH. Studies that evaluated the effect of T2DM‐medication on the severity of MASLD/MASH in T2DM patients were included. The quality of the studies was assessed by three independent reviewers using a set of Cochrane risk‐of‐bias tools.ResultsOf 1748 references, 117 studies fulfilled the inclusion‐criteria and were assessed for eligibility in full‐text. Fifty‐two articles were included. Data included a total of 64.708 patients and study populations ranged from 9 to 50.742. Heterogeneity in study‐design and analysis hampered the comparability of the results. Most evidence was present for GLP‐1 receptor agonists, SGLT2‐inhibitors and PPAR‐γ‐agonists for regression of liver fibrosis and MASH.ConclusionStudies on the value of T2DM‐drug treatment in the improvement of MASLD vary significantly in study design, size and quality. GLP‐1 receptor agonists, PPAR‐γ‐agonists, SGLT2‐inhibitors may all be preferred pharmacological interventions for patients with MASLD/MASH and T2DM. Newer agents like dual GLP‐1/GIP or triple GLP‐1/GIP/Glucagon agonists will likely play an important role in the treatment of MASLD/MASH in the near future.
Exploring Nutritional Condition of Merluccius hubbsi During Early Life Stages: Environmental Drivers and Possible Implications on Subsequent Recruitment
Authors: Rodriguez Julieta , Alves Nadia M. , Chavesta Harold Fenco , Macchi Gustavo J. , Schiariti Agustin , Di Mauro Rosana , Diaz Marina V. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe early life stages of fish represent a period of high energy requirements due to profound changes that characterize the passage to adulthood, crucial for fisheries recruitment. This study focuses on the North Patagonian Frontal System (NPFS) that guarantees successful larval development and fulfills the three postulates of Bakun's “fundamental triad” in regards to nutrients, concentration of food, and retention of eggs and larvae inside the favorable area. The objective was to evaluate the nutritional condition of Merluccius hubbsi larvae and juveniles, from the Patagonian stock in January during austral summer (2010–2021). The standardized RNA/DNA index (RDs) was used. Interannual variation in the larval condition was observed in relation to NPFS features. RDs were positively linked to the stratification of the water column in the stratified zone. An opposite trend was observed between larval condition and potential egg production that might indicate the existence of density‐dependent mechanisms. On the other hand, the positive relation between larval condition and egg production of older females (≥7 years) supports the idea of a maternal effect on larval survival. There was also a positive relationship between juveniles condition, body size, and recruitment, but no relationship was observed with the stratification of the water column. The high sensitivity of the RDs index links physiological state with survival probability, informing on factors affecting eggs, larvae, and juveniles until their posterior recruitment. This study identified the stratified area of the NPFS as a favorable nursery zone, providing crucial information for managing populations under high fishing pressure.
In vitro combined haemostatic efficacy of emicizumab and extended half‐life factor VIII compounds
Authors: Josset Laurie , Rezigue Hamdi , Nougier Christophe , Leuci Alexandre , Désage Stéphanie , Lienhart Anne , Dargaud Yesim 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIntroductionEarly prophylaxis is the gold standard of care for severe haemophilia. The development of subcutaneous Factor VIII (FVIII) mimetics, such as emicizumab, has significantly reduced the disease burden and improved protection against bleeding episodes. Despite its benefits, emicizumab does not fully normalize haemostasis, requiring additional FVIII treatment for surgical procedures and management of breakthrough bleeding. In these cases, extended or ultra‐extended half‐life FVIII products are most commonly used. However, laboratory monitoring of these combinations can be challenging.AimThis study investigates the in vitro combined haemostatic activity of emicizumab with efmoroctocog alfa and efanesoctocog alfa using a thrombin generation assay (TGA).Results and ConclusionTGA can be used to monitor combined treatment with emicizumab and either efmoroctocog alfa or efanesoctocog alfa, which is not possible with currently available FVIII reagents for the latter. As expected, there is no synergistic effect between the mimetic and FVIII at therapeutical doses. Both efmoroctocog alfa and efanesoctocog alfa show similar in vitro procoagulant activity in terms of thrombin generation.
Effects of under‐eye skin and crow's feet on perceived facial appearance in women of five ethnic groups
Authors: Fink Bernhard , Campiche Remo , Shackelford Todd K. , Voegeli Rainer 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectiveAge‐related skin changes in the periorbital region caused by intrinsic (e.g. atrophy of collagen and fat) and extrinsic (e.g. sun exposure) factors, including skin wrinkling, hyperpigmentation, dark circles and lateral canthal lines (‘crow's feet’), are a concern for women. We investigated the impact of under‐eye skin and crow's feet on perceptions of women's faces in different ethnic groups.MethodsFacial images of women (n = 180) from five ethnic groups were rated for age, health and attractiveness by naïve assessors of the same ethnic group (n = 120). Digital image analysis was used to quantify visible skin characteristics in two facial regions, that is, under the eyes (colour, gloss, tone evenness and wrinkles) and in the crow's feet region (wrinkles only). Skin image measurements were used to predict face ratings in the full sample and separately by ethnicity.ResultsEthnic differences were detected for measurements of skin colour, gloss, tone evenness and wrinkles – the latter under the eyes and in the crow's feet region. Correlational and regression analysis indicated a major role of wrinkles (both regions) in predicting rated age, health and attractiveness from the facial portraits across ethnic groups, with some variation in the types or the predictive magnitude of skin characteristics.ConclusionThe predictive utility of under‐eye wrinkles and crow's feet for rated age, health and attractiveness correspond to women's reported concern with under‐eye bags, dark circles and crow's feet. Despite some ethnic differences in these features, their impact on women's facial appearance ratings is similar across ethnic groups.
Rising consumer demand for green cosmetics: The necessity of an ecotoxicological score in the cosmetic industry
Authors: Guillaume M. , Guillemin L. , Pirnay S. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectiveThe increasing demand for eco‐friendly cosmetic products, along with tightening environmental regulations, necessitates a comprehensive evaluation of the environmental impact of cosmetic formulations. This study aims to develop an ecotoxicological scoring system, specifically designed for cosmetics, to quantify the ecological risk of product ingredients. This tool will assist industry professionals in selecting ingredients with lower environmental impacts while complying with safety and sustainability requirements.MethodsKey ecotoxicological parameters were assessed, including acute and chronic aquatic toxicity, biodegradability and bioaccumulation potential. Each ingredient's impact was evaluated using these parameters, and a scoring system was developed to simplify the interpretation of complex ecotoxicological data.ResultsThe scoring system is based on a set of formulas designed to quantify the ecotoxicological impacts of substances used in cosmetic products. These formulas incorporate various ecotoxicological factors, including biodegradability, aquatic toxicity and impacts on the food chain. Each criterion is weighted according to its environmental significance, leading to a final score that synthesizes the potential harmfulness of a substance. While this model remains theoretical, it provides a solid foundation for rapid and reliable assessments of products in the design phase.ConclusionThis ecotoxicological scoring system offers a new approach to assessing the environmental impact of cosmetics. It simplifies the decision‐making process by providing clear and accessible data on the ecological risk of formulations. The application of this tool can lead to more sustainable product development and contribute to reducing the cosmetic industry's environmental footprint.