bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HLA-A*0201-restricted CTL epitope of a novel osteosarcoma antigen, papillomavirus binding factor
Authors: Tsukahara Tomohide , Kawaguchi Satoshi , Torigoe Toshihiko , Takahashi Akari , Murase Masaki , Kano Masanobu , Wada Takuro , Kaya Mitsunori , Nagoya Satoshi , Yamashita Toshihiko , Sato Noriyuki 
Published: June 2009

AbstractBackgroundTo develop peptide-based immunotherapy for osteosarcoma, we previously identified papillomavirus binding factor (PBF) as a CTL-defined osteosarcoma antigen in the context of HLA-B55. However, clinical application of PBF-based immunotherapy requires identification of naturally presented CTL epitopes in osteosarcoma cells in the context of more common HLA molecules such as HLA-A2.MethodsTen peptides with the HLA-A*0201 binding motif were synthesized from the amino acid sequence of PBF according to the BIMAS score and screened with an HLA class I stabilization assay. The frequency of CTLs recognizing the selected PBF-derived peptide was determined in peripheral blood of five HLA-A*0201+patients with osteosarcoma using limiting dilution (LD)/mixed lymphocyte peptide culture (MLPC) followed by tetramer-based frequency analysis. Attempts were made to establish PBF-specific CTL clones from the tetramer-positive CTL pool by a combination of limiting dilution and single-cell sorting. The cytotoxicity of CTLs was assessed by51Cr release assay.ResultsPeptide PBF A2.2 showed the highest affinity to HLA-A*0201. CD8+ T cells reacting with the PBF A2.2 peptide were detected in three of five patients at frequencies from 2 × 10-7to 5 × 10-6. A tetramer-positive PBF A2.2-specific CTL line, 5A9, specifically lysed allogeneic osteosarcoma cell lines that expressed both PBF and either HLA-A*0201 or HLA-A*0206, autologous tumor cells, and T2 pulsed with PBF A2.2. Five of 12 tetramer-positive CTL clones also lysed allogeneic osteosarcoma cell lines expressing both PBF and either HLA-A*0201 or HLA-A*0206 and T2 pulsed with PBF A2.2.ConclusionThese findings indicate that PBF A2.2 serves as a CTL epitope on osteosarcoma cells in the context of HLA-A*0201, and potentially, HLA-A*0206. This extends the availability of PBF-derived therapeutic peptide vaccines for patients with osteosarcoma.
The use of biofuel emulsions as fuel for diesel engines: A review
Authors: Kumar M Senthil , Bellettre J , Tazerout M 
Published: June 2009

Animal fats/vegetable oils (called biofuels) and their emulsions are quite promising alternative fuels for diesel engines. This article reports a comprehensive study on the use of animal fats/vegetable oils and their emulsions as fuel in compression ignition engines. Emulsions preparation method and their effects on engine performance, emission, and combustion characteristics have been studied in detail. Information indicates that biofuel emulsions in diesel engines enhanced the combustion efficiency with improved performance as compared to neat fuels. The maximum percentage of water addition to biofuel was found as 30 per cent by volume for maximum efficiency. They reduced NO x, smoke, and particulate emissions considerably. Emulsions resulted in higher ignition delay as a result of vaporization of water as compared to neat fuels. Peak pressure, rate of pressure rise, and premixed combustion rate in the heat release curve were found to be higher when compared to neat oils because of longer ignition delay. Further improvements could be achieved by adding oxygenated fuels like methanol, dimethyl carbonate, and cetane number improvers like diethyl ether with biofuels in small quantities. It has also been suggested that dual fuel operation can significantly reduce particulate and NO x emissions with biofuels. Exhaust gas recirculation can reduce ignition delay considerably with reduced NO x emissions. Finally, modelling techniques were presented because they can help in in-depth analysis of the combustion process of biofuel emulsions in diesel engines.
Experimental study of recompression reaction for low-load operation in direct-injection homogeneous charge compression ignition engines with n-heptane and i-octane fuels
Authors: Song H H , Padmanabhan A , Kaahaaina N B , Edwards C F 
Published: June 2009

Experiments have been reported in the literature in which the low-load limit of a retention-mode HCCI engine operating on gasoline has been significantly extended by pre-processing of the fuel during negative valve overlap. This paper presents experimental studies in which this low-load-limit extension is demonstrated and characterized using simple, single-component hydrocarbon fuels with relatively well-known chemical kinetics. The model fuels were n-heptane and i-octane and this choice was made both because of the extensive work that has been undertaken to develop their chemical kinetic mechanisms and because these fuels span the range of ignitability that is likely to be of interest for HCCI engines. The experimental results reported here show that both fuels exhibit load extension to as low as 1 bar net indicated mean effective pressure when operated at high residual mass fractions, low equivalence ratios, and an appropriate choice of compression ratio (13 for n-heptane, 18 for i-octane). Near the low-load limit, combustion is stable, exhibits slightly advanced timing, has relatively low unburned hydrocarbon emissions, negligible (< 5 ppm) NO emissions, and slightly increased CO emissions (compared to higher load conditions). The indicated efficiency of low-load operation with recompression reaction is somewhat reduced, mainly due to increased heat transfer and decreased combustion efficiency.
Impact of filtration velocities and particulate matter characteristics on diesel particulate filter wall loading
Authors: Yapaulo R A , Wirojsakunchai E , Orita T , Foster D E , Akard M , Walker L R , Lance M J 
Published: June 2009

The impact of different types of diesel particulate matter (PM) and different sampling conditions on the wall deposition and early soot cake build-up within diesel particulate filters has been investigated. The measurements were made possible by a newly developed diesel exhaust filtration analysis system in which in-situ diesel exhaust filtration can be reproduced within small cordierite wafer disks, which are essentially thin sections of a diesel particulate filter wall. The different types of PM were generated from selected engine operating conditions of a single-cylinder heavy-duty diesel engine. Two filtration velocities 4 and 8 cm/s were used to investigate PM deep-bed filtration processes. The loaded wafers were then analysed in a thermal mass analyser that measures the soluble organic fraction as well as soot and sulphate fractions of the PM. In addition, the soot residing in the wall of the wafer was examined under an optical microscope illuminated with ultraviolet light and a variable pressure scanning electron microscope to determine the bulk soot penetration depth for each loading condition. It was found that a higher filtration velocity results in a higher wall loading with approximately the same penetration depth into the wall. PM characteristics impacted both wall loading and soot cake layer characteristics. Results from imaging analysis indicate that the soot penetration depth into the wall was affected more by PM characteristics (which changes with engine operating conditions) than by filtration velocity.
Estimation of hull girder vertical bending moments including non-linear and flexibility effects using closed form expressions
Authors: Pedersen P T , Jensen J J 
Published: June 2009

A simple but rational procedure for prediction of extreme wave-induced hull girder bending moment in slender mono-hull displacement vessels is presented. The procedure takes into account main ship hull characteristics such as length, breadth, draught, block coefficient, bow flare coefficient, forward speed, and hull flexibility. The wave-induced loads are evaluated for specific operational profiles. Non-linearity in the wave bending moment is modelled using results derived from a second-order strip theory and water entry solutions for wedge-type sections. Hence, bow flare slamming is accounted for through a momentum type of approach. The stochastic properties of this non-linear response are calculated through a monotonic Hermite transformation. In addition, the impulse loading attributable to, for example, bottom slamming or a rapid change in bow flare is included using a modal expansion in the two lowest vertical vibration modes. These whipping vibrations are added to the wave frequency non-linear response, taking into account the rise time of the impulse response as well as the phase lag between the occurrence of the maximum non-linear load and the maximum impulse load. Previous results for the sagging bending moment are validated by comparison with fully non-linear strip theory calculations and supplemented with new closed form results for the hogging bending moment. Focus is on the extreme hull girder hogging bending moment. Owing to the few input parameters, this procedure can be used to estimate the wave-induced bending moments at the conceptual design phase. Another application area is for novel single-hull ship types not presently covered by the rules of the classification societies. As one application example the container ship MSC Napoli is considered. Further validations are needed, however, in order to select proper values of the parameters entering the analytical form of the slamming impulse.
Hydroelasticity of ships: Recent advances and future trends
Authors: Hirdaris S E , Temarel P 
Published: June 2009

Investigations into hydroelasticity of ships commenced in the 1970s. Since then the theory has been employed to predict the responses of a wide range of marine structures, such as mono- and multihulled ships, offshore structures, and VLFS. In recent years, with increasing market demands for new buildings of slender ocean going carriers and the continuously updated high-speed and unconventional multihulled designs, the maritime industry began to notice the advantage of assessing the usefulness and applicability of hydroelasticity in ship design. At first instance, the aim of this paper is to illustrate some of the applications of hydroelasticity theory to ships, with particular reference to recent and ongoing developments focusing on ship design applications and the effects of non-linearities and viscous flows. The paper also discusses the longer term potential use of weakly and fully non-linear fluid—structure interaction, as well as Navier—Stokes based fluid dynamic methods, for the improved modelling of ship dynamic response problems.
Rhodamine–Pyridyl Probe: A Selective Optical Reporter for Biologically Important Zn2+
Authors: Mashraqui Sabir H , Khan Tabrez , Sundaram Subramanian , Betkar Rupesh , Chandiramani Mukesh 
Published: June 2009

Abstract
A new Rhodamine-based probe, Rhoda-P affords remarkably selective chromo- and fluorogenic responses in the presence of Zn2+ with the color turning from colorless (λmax=302 nm) to orange (λmax=528 nm) and the fluorescence output increased by 160-fold at 1.5×10−3 M of Zn2+. In contrast, Li+, Na+, K+, Ba2+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, and Cd2+ did not significantly alter the photophysical properties of the probe even at relatively higher concentrations than Zn2+.
Ene Reaction Using the Iminium Salt Generated by the Oxidation of Aminoketene Silyl Aetal
Authors: Shimizu Makoto , Itou Hiroyuki , Iwao Takuya , Umeda Yuki 
Published: June 2009

Abstract
Ene reaction of various olefins proceeded with the iminium salt generated by the oxidation of aminoketene silyl acetal to give addition products in good yields.
Synthesis of Cyano-substituted Through-space Poly(p-arylenevinylene)
Authors: Morisaki Yasuhiro , Lin Lin , Chujo Yoshiki 
Published: June 2009

Abstract
The Knoevenagel reaction of pseudo-p-bis(cyanomethyl)[2.2]paracyclophane with 2,5-dialkoxy-1,4-diformylbenzene was carried out to yield the cyano-substituted through-space poly(arylenevinylene). Thermal, optical, and electrochemical properties are described.
Vacuum Superinsulated Liquid Oxygen Piping and Vessels
Authors: Colson Alain , Werlen Etienne , Barthélémy Hervé 
Published: June 2009

Abstract
Vacuum superinsulation is commonly used in industrial applications for liquid oxygen transfer piping and liquid oxygen vessels as an alternative to other solid insulation materials such as perlite or Foamglass®, which have lower thermal performances. Tests have been conducted on insulation materials according to ASTM D2512 (equivalent to ISO 11114–3, EN 1797) in LOX as well as according to ASTM G72 (equivalent to EN 1797) in GOX. The superinsulation materials that have been tested are a number of layers of aluminum foils of various thicknesses each being separated by intermediate nonmetallic layers of various nature. Based on experience and incidents in the industry, this paper is intended to discuss the recent test results in pure oxygen and the possible ignition of superinsulation material in the interspace and mechanism of propagation as well as the consequences of a fire. Recommendations regarding material selection for vacuum superinsulation materials in LOX applications are also provided.
Drug Delivery Properties of Six Nebulizer Systems
Authors: Wright Jaime L. , Bouma Carolyn L. , Latman Neal S. 
Published: June 2009

Abstract
Objectives—nebulizers offer quick and efficient drug delivery to the lungs. The purpose of this study is to characterize six nebulizer systems. Some important aspects of nebulization studied are drug content and concentration, reservoir solution temperature during nebulization, and nebulization time. Methods—four jet nebulizer-compressor systems, with the same jet nebulizer model, and two ultrasonic nebulizer systems were characterized in this study. Drug content/concentration for each nebulizer was analyzed with two concentrations (1.25 and 0.63 mg) of albuterol sulfate. UV/visible spectrophotometry was utilized to determine reservoir drug content and concentration. Reservoir temperature measurements were taken with a temperature probe. Results—for the 1.25-mg dosage form of the drug, the compressor-driven systems had the least amount of decrease in reservoir drug content while the ultrasonic nebulizer had the greatest amount of decrease in reservoir drug content. All of the nebulizers, except for one compressor-driven system, had equivalent amounts of drug remaining in the reservoir for the 0.63-mg drug dosage form. The compressor-driven and ultrasonic systems had an increase in drug concentration for both forms of the drug. However, a decrease occurred in the ultrasonic system with the 0.63-mg dosage form of the drug. The reservoir temperature decreased in most of the compressor-driven systems while the temperature increased in the ultrasonic systems. The quickest nebulization time was seen in the ultrasonic systems. Conclusions—the ultrasonic nebulizer is the most efficient in nebulizing the greatest amount of medication in the least amount of time, while the compressor-driven systems are the least efficient in nebulizing the medication and require a greater nebulization time.
Az urogenitális traktus mikrokeringési kutatásainak módszerei, új perspektívái – egy évtized szegedi tapasztalatair
Authors: Deák Gábor , Meszlényi Ildikó , Szalay István 
Published: June 2009

Absztrakt
A microcirculatio vizsgálata régóta foglalkoztatja a kutatókat, hiszen számos kórfolyamat legelső, legfinomabb jelei már ezen a szinten megfigyelhetők, még mielőtt szervműködészavart okoznának. Az urológiai szervek mikrokeringéséről korábban szegényes információink voltak. A legmodernebb vizsgálómódszerek elterjedésének, könnyebb elérhetőségének, illetve a szegedi munkacsoportunk által kidolgozott új vizsgálóeljárásoknak és nemzetközi munkakapcsolatoknak köszönhetően sok új információval lettünk gazdagabbak az elmúlt évtizedben erről az izgalmas területről is.
The Nexus Between Ecological Risk Assessment and Natural Resource Damage Assessment Under CERCLA: Introduction to a Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry Technical Workshop
Authors: Stahl Ralph G , Gouguet Ron , Charters David , Clements Will , Gala Will , Haddad Robert , Helm Roger , Landis Wayne , Maki Al , Munns Wayne R , Young Dale 
Published: June 2009

Abstract
A SETAC Technical Workshop titled “The Nexus Between Ecological Risk Assessment and Natural Resource Damage Assessment Under CERCLA: Understanding and Improving the Common Scientific Underpinnings,” was held 18–22 August 2008 in Gregson, Montana, USA, to examine the linkage, nexus, and overlap between ecological risk assessment (ERA) and natural resource damage assessment (NRDA) under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA). Experts from a broad range of relevant scientific, legal, and policy disciplines convened to 1) ascertain the potential for improved scientific harmonization of the processes of ERA and NRDA; 2) identify where statutory, regulatory, or scientific constraints might exist that would constrain or preclude the harmonization of the 2 processes; 3) determine approaches that might overcome these constraints; and 4) recommend research or potential changes in regulatory policies that might serve to improve both processes. This is the introduction to a series of 3 papers that describe the findings and conclusions of this workshop. Although unanimity was not achieved on all technical, legal, or policy questions posed to the participants, some consensus areas did arise. First, there appear to be few if any legal constraints to using the environmental data collected for ERA or NRDA for both processes. Second, although it is important to recognize and preserve the distinctions between ERA and NRDA, opportunities for data sharing exist, particularly for the characterization of environmental exposures and derivation of ecotoxicological information. Thus, effective coordination is not precluded by the underlying science. Where a cooperative, interactive process is involved among the response agencies, the natural resource trustees, and the responsible party(s), technical, legal or regulatory constraints can be minimized. Finally, one approach that might enhance the potential applicability of data collected for the ERA is to consider ecosystem services in the development of assessment endpoints. These points are explained in greater detail in the series of papers published herein.
Scalar mesons in η′ → ηπ
0
π
0 decay
Authors: Donskov Sergey , Likhoded Anatoly , Luchinsky Alexey , Samoylenko Vladimir 
Published: June 2009

Abstract
The decay η′ → ηπ
0
π
0 is studied in the framework of isobar model. It is shown, that good agreement with the experiment is achieved if α
0- and σ-meson contributions are taken into account. The contribution of α
0-meson is dominant, but σ-meson is necessary to reproduce the form of the Dalitz plot. Instead of the usual Breit-Wigner form of σ-meson propagator we use parametrization of the ππ-amplitude, which satisfies analyticity, crossing, unitarity and chirality constraints. This amplitude has a pole in the complex plane, which corresponds to σ-meson and describe experimental data on ππ-scattering in K
e4 decay.
Des techniques de gestion des connaissances à l’anthropologie des connaissances
Authors: Poitou Jean-Pierre 
Published: June 2009

L’utilisation de l’outil est la forme normale de manifestation de l’intelligence humaine. En conséquence la relation homme/machine est une constante de l’activité intellectuelle humaine. Pour autant les éléments complémentaires que sont l’utilisateur d’outil et son outillage sont radicalement différents l’un de l’autre et ne peuvent se servir mutuellement de modèle. Considérant toutefois comme indissociable le lien de l’utilisateur à son équipement technique, on doit voir le travail collectif, et de ce fait la gestion des connaissances qui y sont relatives, comme une interaction entre des configurations (homme et machine), et non pas simplement comme des interactions interpersonnelles.La gestion des connaissances (préservation, de transmission, et d’organisation du patrimoine culturel technique) est un des aspects fondamentaux et permanents non seulement de toute activité productive, mais de toute activité cognitive, qu’elle soit examinée au niveau individuel ou collectif.Les pratiques de gestion des connaissances ont donc une histoire, dans laquelle s’articulent les aspects mentaux de l’histoire économique et de celle des techniques. Ceci définit un champ que l’on peut appeler : anthropologie des connaissances. Cette dernière, à travers l’étude des outils et méthodes employés à la gestion des biens et moyens intellectuels mis en œuvre dans la production, cherche à comprendre les fonctionnements mentaux humains. En d’autres termes, elle élabore une théorie de la pensée comme gestion de connaissances grâce à l’étude de la production comme activité cognitive.
Humains et non-humains
Authors: Barbier Rémi , Trépos Jean-Yves 
Published: June 2009

De nombreux travaux se sont efforcés, ces dernières années, d’établir les contours d’un mode d’existence sociale des objets échappant au double écueil naturaliste et constructiviste. Sur cette base, nous montrons comment il est possible de renouveler les théories de l’action et de l’acteur. Nous suggérons notamment qu’il convient de doter l’acteur d’un sens ordinaire de l’objectivité, qui rend compte de ses possibilités d’engagement dans une large gamme de rapport aux objets. Dans une seconde partie, nous passons en revue quelques outils d’analyse du « collectif », terme forgé par B. Latour pour désigner le social étendu aux non-humains qui le composent. Nous mettons en évidence la dimension politique que recèle chacun des assemblages de personnes et d’objets ainsi identifiés.
Retour sur la notion d’objet-frontière
Authors: Trompette Pascale , Vinck Dominique 
Published: June 2009

L’article revient sur la publication originale de Susan L. Star et James R. Griesemer (1989) qui fondait la notion d’objet-frontière (boundary object) afin de repenser la théorie de l’acteur-réseau (ANT) dans une perspective écologique de l’action collective et de la connaissance distribuée, prenant en compte les artefacts. Il se penche ensuite sur la carrière académique du concept et ce qui a été utilisé (« la flexibilité interprétative ») vs minoré et oublié (l’incorporation d’une infrastructure invisible) de sa conceptualisation d’origine. L’article propose de réinvestir le concept en étant attentif à maintenir l’articulation ces deux dimensions.
« Ça tue parfois mais ce n’est pas dangereux »
Authors: Tétart Gilles , Torny Didier 
Published: June 2009

À partir de l’étude de la trajectoire d’une bactérie pathogène (Bacillus cereus) comme objet scientifique, cet article montre comment une injonction institutionnelle de sécurité sanitaire des aliments devient le vecteur d’une mobilisation scientifique autour d’un risque alimentaire décrit comme potentiellement émergent. B. cereus est d’abord un objet-frontière pour des microbiologistes aux visées contradictoires (recherche fondamentale vs. recherche appliquée), puis pour des équipes issues de disciplines éloignées (modélisation, sciences sociales) et des industriels dans le cadre d’un projet ANR. Ces collaborations reposent sur la souplesse ontologique et pratique de la bactérie et sur une définition relativement découplée des projets qui permettent à chaque équipe de maintenir ses activités propres. Néanmoins, cette souplesse même est source de connaissances nouvelles par la mise en présence et l’explicitation de différentes conceptions du risque, de la taxonomie et par l’échange de souches.