bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laminopathies: The molecular background of the disease and the prospects for its treatment
Authors: Zaremba-Czogalla Magdalena , Dubińska-Magiera Magda , Rzepecki Ryszard 
Published: January 2011

AbstractLaminopathies are rare human degenerative disorders with a wide spectrum of clinical phenotypes, associated with defects in the main protein components of the nuclear envelope, mostly in the lamins. They include systemic disorders and tissue-restricted diseases. Scientists have been trying to explain the pathogenesis of laminopathies and find an efficient method for treatment for many years. In this review, we discuss the current state of knowledge about laminopathies, the molecular mechanisms behind the development of particular phenotypes, and the prospects for stem cell and/or gene therapy treatments.
Differential redox potential profiles during adipogenesis and osteogenesis
Authors: Imhoff Barry , Hansen Jason 
Published: January 2011

AbstractDevelopment is an orderly process that requires the timely activation and/or deactivation of specific regulatory elements that control cellular proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. While many studies have defined factors that control developmental signaling, the role of intracellular reduction/oxidation (redox) status as a means to control differentiation has not been fully studied. Redox states of intracellular couples may play a very important role in regulating redox-sensitive elements that are involved in differentiation signaling into specific phenotypes. In human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), which are capable of differentiating into many different types of phenotypes, including osteoblasts and adipocytes, glutathione (GSH), cysteine (Cys) and thioredoxin-1 (Trx1) redox potentials were measured during adipogenesis and osteogenesis. GSH redox potentials (Eh) during both osteogenesis and adipogenesis became increasingly oxidized as differentiation ensued, but the rate at which this oxidation occurred was unique for each process. During adipogenesis, Cys Eh became oxidized as adipogenesis progressed but during osteogenesis, it became reduced. Interestingly, intracellular Trx1 concentrations appeared to increase in both adipogenesis and osteogenesis, but the Eh was unchanged when compared to undifferentiated hMSCs. These data show that hMSC differentiation into either adipocytes of osteoblasts corresponds to a unique redox state profile, suggesting that differentiation into specific phenotypes are likely regulated by redox states that are permissive to a specific developmental process.
Ets-1 expression and gemcitabine chemoresistance in pancreatic cancer cells
Authors: Khanna Amit , Mahalingam Kulandaivelu , Chakrabarti Debarshi , Periyasamy Giridharan 
Published: January 2011

AbstractGemcitabine, a novel pyrimidine nucleoside analog, has become the standard chemotherapeutic agent for pancreatic cancer patients. The clinical impact of gemcitabine remains modest owing to the high degree of inherent and acquired resistance. There are various lines of evidence that confirm the role of Ets-1, a proto-oncoprotein, in tumor invasion, progression, and chemoresistance. This study examines a hypothesis that implicates Ets-1 in the development of gemcitabine-resistance in pancreatic cancer cells. Ets-1 protein expression was assessed in parental pancreatic cancer cells and their gemcitabine-resistant clones. Western blot analysis revealed elevated levels of Ets-1 protein expression in gemcitabine-resistant PANC1GemRes (4.8-fold increase; P < 0.05), MIA PaCa2GemRes (3.2-fold increase; P < 0.05), and Capan2GemRes (2.1-fold increase; P < 0.05) cells as compared to their parental counterparts. A time course analysis was conducted to determine the change in Ets-1 expression in the parental cells after incubation with gemcitabine. Reverse transcriptase quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) and Western blot analysis revealed a significant increase in Ets-1 expression. All the three parental cells incubated with gemcitabine showed elevated Ets-1 protein expression at 6 h. By 24 h, the expression level had decreased. Using small interfering RNA (siRNA) against Ets-1 in gemcitabine-resistant cells, we demonstrated a reversal in gemcitabine chemosensitivity and also detected a marked reduction in the expression of the Ets-1 target genes MMP1 and uPA. Our novel finding demonstrates the significance of Ets-1 in the development of gemcitabine chemoresistance in pancreatic cancer cells. Based on these results, a new siRNA-based therapeutic strategy targeting the Ets-1 genes can be designed to overcome chemoresistance.
Multiple Modernities in Bulgaria: Social Strategies of Capitalist Entrepreneurs in the Agrarian Sector
Authors: Giordano Christian 
Published: January 2011

Multiple Modernities in Bulgaria: Social Strategies of Capitalist Entrepreneurs in the Agrarian Sector
The article focuses on trust/mistrust relations, strategies of cooperation, and emerging conflicts in the period of establishing capitalist reforms in Bulgaria after 1989. In this frame, trust building, as a key challenge for a successful transformation process, is analysed as a premise for cooperation and social cohesion in the process of reforming governance, establishing local institutions, rebuilding civil society, and validating the acknowledged human and natural potential of a "failing" i.e. "fragile state" like Bulgaria. Of specific significance is the analysis of agency in which individuals possess mainly personalised types of trust and cooperation and are suspicious about systemic trust. The analysis of the empirical materials reveals that the agents involved in present capitalist agriculture do not follow the abstract model proposed by transition/consolidation theories but rather they confirm the validity of the multiple modernities approach proposed by S.N. Eisenstadt.
Civil Society and Environmental Activism in One EU-funded Transport Development Project in Slovakia
Authors: Torsello Davide 
Published: January 2011

Civil Society and Environmental Activism in One EU-funded Transport Development Project in Slovakia
This paper addresses the problem of how civil society emerges as a by-product of EU-funded structural development projects in Eastern Europe, in the case of Slovakia. The case study is indicative of how local forms of civil society can gain strength and establish public legitimacy thanks to the growing divide between national and local political orientations. However, it is due to the planning and implementation processes of the motorway construction project, under the umbrella of the Trans-European Transport Network, that different layers of power from state to local level emerge and consolidate. The interplay and conflict in these layers endanger accountability, economic as well as environmental sustainability.
Conceptualising the Rise of the Rural Community Movement in Lithuania: A Framework for Analysis
Authors: Juska Arunas , Poviliunas Arunas 
Published: January 2011

Conceptualising the Rise of the Rural Community Movement in Lithuania: A Framework for Analysis
This paper develops a framework for analysing the process of rural community development and institutionalisation in Lithuania. The first communal groups were established in rural Lithuania in the late 1990s. Over the last decade the number of such organisations in the country increased to 1,400. Although a very positive development, rapidly growing grass-roots activism has often led to a complex process of cooperation, conflict, competition and negotiation among the newly-created community groups and existing state agencies, non-governmental organisations, political parties, and various rural and urban interests. The model identifies four arenas of contention and negotiation, in which the newly-created communal groups have attempted to claim legitimacy and define their role in the social, economic and political life of the country: the public sphere, formalised (state financed and delivered) culture, social services' provision, and commercial (profitable) activities. Strategies of rural activists and their effectiveness in each of the four arenas of institutionalisation are examined. The contributions, as well as weaknesses, of the rural community development in promoting rural development in Lithuania are discussed.
Social and Administrative Crises Interlocking: The Misery of Rural Peripheries in Hungary
Authors: Kovács Katalin 
Published: January 2011

Social and Administrative Crises Interlocking: The Misery of Rural Peripheries in Hungary
This paper reports on the fundamental processes reshaping rural areas in Hungary. Using indicators of social composition of settlements, the first section demonstrates large-scale polarisation resulting in vast zones of social crisis on the peripheries. The proceeding sections explore that small villages in lagging areas have been in a situation of despair in the last decade and a half, partly because of the social and economic burden they had to cope with, and partly because of their meagre financial situation brought about by the contradictions of the Hungarian administrative system, fiscal policies and their marginal position in relation to their access to development funds. The last paragraph of the last section voices hopes concerning some second generation development policies targeting rural areas in general and lagging areas in particular with more focused policy instruments.
The study refers to research material gained from the following projects.
Lifelong Learning for Inclusion - between Theory and Practice
Authors: Pluskota-Lewandowska Anna 
Published: January 2011

Lifelong Learning for Inclusion - between Theory and Practice
In this study I present the conclusions of reports of the research teams which examined the policy range and analysed the activities regarding the inclusion of the socially deprived in rural areas, i.e. the British, Hungarian and Polish reports. When undertaking to find a reply to the question raised at the beginning of this article, I considered that the empirical basis would be quality material collected within the framework of focused group interviews1.
Although the focused group interviews were conducted according to a scenario which was prepared by the research teams, changes were possible in each country (although these changes did not affect the research issue). Apart from the main aim of the discussion, i.e. the diagnosis and analysis of both successes and failures of educational activity enabling social inclusion, these differences concerned the digressions concentrating on poverty and social exclusion in rural areas and problems connected with the implementation of inclusive policy - Hungary; considerations concerning the kind of help which should be provided to individuals and groups struggling with poverty in the countryside - Great Britain; methods evaluating the effectiveness of aid agencies acting in favour of social inclusion - Poland.
Representatives of government agencies playing a key role in the introduction of various forms of inclusive policy and representatives of institutions which provide direct help to the marginalised and those exposed to social marginalisation (which use various educational methods) took part in the research.
The Socio-Demographic Context of Rural Poverty
Authors: Jakimovski Jorde 
Published: January 2011

The Socio-Demographic Context of Rural Poverty
A drop in standard of living does not have an equal influence on the way of life in different environments. So, for example, in more urban environments the possibility of realising greater purchasing power gets harder, and in others (economically underdeveloped) the minimal funds for food, clothing, footwear, children's education, health care etc. decrease. Poor households in rural environments have existed throughout the years. They exist today, but with different characteristics and dimensions than in the past. Chronically poor, the most vulnerable categories in the village are the households of elderly people. They represent a serious economic and social problem. Regarding the economic plan, the unexploited available capacities (cultivable soil), and on the social plan they either earn no income or a modest income.
A significant number of agricultural households in the village, run the risk of becoming poorer. The participation of cash income from property is decreasing, and the participation of income from social transfers and the value of natural expenditure is increasing. The main characteristics of these households are: low education level of the members, none of them are employed, bad quality of the owned land, the elderly. There is a significant increase and profound poverty in the households of mountain village districts. Beside low incomes, the households do not have any possibility of providing enough income for a decent living, there is a greater influence of the inaccessibility of basic living conditions (road, transport connections, health care, education, postal services etc.).
Cultural and Ethnic Determinants of Land Use and Inheritance in Romania
Authors: Nemenyi Agnes , Rossier Ruth 
Published: January 2011

Cultural and Ethnic Determinants of Land Use and Inheritance in Romania
This paper aims to demonstrate some ethno-cultural specificity in land use and land inheritance by the data of the field survey carried out in four different municipalities in Romania, representing different historical regions where the ethnical composition of the regions is very different. The understanding of land management and agriculture is very different between the groups. The paper presents the data of a project which is the collaboration of a Swiss and a Romanian team in a three-year programme (SCOPES programme of Swiss National Science Foundation), in which a survey was carried out with the help of questionnaires. This was applied in a sample of 612 rural households in four municipalities. The main questions focused on land use and land inheritance as well as agriculture. The sample included two generations: the parents and their children (362), men and women. The research team looked for an answer to the question: "who are the next generation farmers in Romania and are there cultural and ethnic and also gender-based differences between rural families?" As the data show there are four different strategies applied in the four regions. In one, traditional sustainable agriculture was preserved, combined with a high rate of international migration. In another village there is a good perspective for farming, but a lot of young people are going to other sectors of activities. In the third location the former socialist cooperative was transformed into a new type of agricultural cooperative. This region has the best developmental perspectives. In the fourth region agricultural activity is maintained and the local economy also includes other types of activities which are complementary to agriculture (trade, industry and other services).
Methods in Year 50: Preserving the Past and Preparing for the Future
Authors: Aronsky D. , Leong T. Y. , McCray A. T. , Haux R. 
Published: January 2011

Summary
Background: Founded in 1962 and, therefore, the oldest international journal in medical informatics, Methods of Information in Medicine will publish its 50th volume in 2011. At the start of the journal’s sixth decade, a discussion on the journal’s profile seems appropriate.
Objectives: To report on the new opportunities for online access to Methods publications as well as on the recent strategic decisions regarding the journal‘s aims and editorial policies.
Methods: Describing and analyzing the journal’s aims and scope. Reflecting on recent publications and on the journal’s development during the last decade.
Results: From 2011 forward all articles of Methods from 1962 until the present can be accessed online. Methods of Information in Medicine stresses the basic methodology and scientific fundamentals of processing data, information and knowledge in medicine and health care. Although the journal‘s major focus is on publications in medical informatics, it has never been restricted to publications only in this discipline. For example, articles in medical biometry, in or close to biomedical engineering, and, later, articles in bioinformatics continue to be a part of this journal.
Conclusions: There is a continuous and, as it seems, ever growing overlap in the research methodology and application areas of the mentioned disciplines. As there is a continuing and even growing need for such a publication forum, Methods of Information in Medicine will keep its broad scope. As an organizational consequence, the journal’s number of associate editors has increased accordingly.
Incident Hyperglycaemia among Older Adults with or At-Risk for HIV Infection
Authors: Polsky Sarit , Floris-Moore Michelle , Schoenbaum Ellie E , Klein Robert S , Arnsten Julia H , Howard Andrea A 
Published: January 2011

Background HIV infection has been associated with development of prediabetes and diabetes. Optimum screening practices for these disorders in HIV-infected populations remain unclear. Methods We screened 377 adults, with or at-risk for HIV infection, for incident hyperglycaemia (prediabetes or diabetes) using two oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) a median of 18.6 months apart. We determined proportion of incident cases detected by fasting and 120-min plasma glucose levels. Independent predictors of incident hyperglycaemia were identified using logistic regression. Results The baseline OGTT was consistent with diabetes in 7% of participants and with prediabetes in 31%. Among 352 normoglycaemic and prediabetic participants at baseline, 19 (5%) developed diabetes on follow-up. Among participants normoglycaemic at baseline, an additional 38 (16%) developed prediabetes. Overall 52% of incident hyperglycaemia cases were detected by fasting plasma glucose alone, 33% by a 120-min glucose level alone and 15% by both. Factors independently associated with incident hyperglycaemia included age ≥50 years and body mass index ≥30 kg/ m2. Neither HIV infection nor highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) use were associated with increased risk of diabetes. Conclusions Incident hyperglycaemia is common among older adults with or at-risk for HIV infection. HIV-infected individuals with classic diabetes risk factors should be screened for hyperglycaemia regardless of HAART use. OGTTs might be the preferred screening strategy in HIV-infected individuals at high risk for developing hyperglycaemia.
Le soi implicite
Authors: Récanati François 
Published: January 2011

Le sujet qui perçoit, ressent, se remémore ou imagine a conscience de son activité mentale, et notamment du mode – perceptif, mnésique ou autre – de ses états. Le mode des états expérientiels va de pair avec une relation spécifique (variable selon le mode) du sujet à ce que l ’ état représente. Par exemple, le sujet qui se remémore se trouve (normalement) dans une certaine relation à la scène remémorée : il a perçu celle-ci dans le passé. La thèse principale de l ’ article est que le sujet conscient d ’ être dans un état donné s ’ auto-attribue implicitement cette relation avec ce que l ’ état représente. Cette auto-attribution implicite (immunisée aux erreurs d ’ identification) constitue la présence du sujet « comme sujet » dans le contenu de ses expériences, distincte de sa présence « comme objet » lorsqu ’ il fait lui-même partie de la scène représentée.
Le marteau, le maillet et le clou
Authors: Descombes Vincent 
Published: January 2011

On a souvent interprété l ’ essai d ’ Elizabeth Anscombe sur la première personne comme cherchant à dénier le caractère personnel de la pensée. Selon cette lecture, dire que « je » ne fait pas référence à quelqu ’ un voudrait dire que ce mot est une sorte de nom propre vide : nous devrions dire « ça pense » plutôt que « je pense ». Pourtant, Anscombe ne conteste nullement que nous soyons les penseurs de nos pensées. En fait, l ’ enjeu de son essai n ’ est pas de décider si nous avons le droit de dire que nous avons des pensées. Il est de savoir si la conscience de soi doit être définie comme la conscience d ’ un objet, à savoir le moi, une entité pour laquelle on ne peut fournir qu ’ un critère privé d ’ identité.
Le journal de bord avec Lacan d'Élisabeth Geblesco, un document unique
Authors: Aleksić Branko 
Published: January 2011

Le Journal de bord d’Élisabeth Geblesco gagne d’être mis en réseau textuel avec certains de ses articles, tels « Le temps de regard », communiqué aux Journées de l’École de la Cause Freudienne en 1984, « Le transfert (positif / négatif) en analyse d’enfant », écrit en 1993, enfin « Une éthique du désir. Le transfert en psychanalyse », conférence d’un colloque de Carthage de 2001. Tous, ils constituent une trame unique avec Un amour de transfert ..., et résument un certain nombre de questions sur l’intersubjectivité et la scansion du temps, posées par É. Geblesco au cours de son contrôle avec Lacan (1974-1981).
Trans-mettre
Authors: Geblesco Nicole 
Published: January 2011

D’où vient la valeur singulière de ce texte ? De l’art d’Élisabeth Geblesco à rendre compte au jour le jour, pour ainsi dire « à chaud », en une écriture particulièrement alerte –dramatique même, par moment– du dialogue à la fois scientifique et personnel qu’elle entretient avec Jacques Lacan durant les sept dernières années du grand psychanalyste français. Elle parvient ainsi non seulement à tracer un portrait vivant et inédit de cette figure majeure de la vie intellectuelle de la fin du XXe siècle – ce qui intéresse Élisabeth Geblesco c’est le surgissement de la pensée du vieux maître, l’organisation de celle-ci in statu nascendi – mais encore à mettre en scène bien des acteurs de ce temps bouillonnant d’idées et de projets. Enfin, en faisant fonctionner les concepts lacaniens dans le champ de ses propres recherches, Élisabeth Geblesco dessine à son tour des perspectives neuves et particulièrement actuelles aussi bien en métapsychologie – le transfert et se résolution par exemple – que dans le domaine de l’analyse littéraire, celui de la création artistique ou encore de la pensée politique. Un livre à lire aujourd’hui.
La princesse, le savant et l'analyse
Authors: Allouch Jean 
Published: January 2011

Paru en 2009, l’ouvrage d’Élisabeth Geblesco Un amour de transfert. Journal de mon contrôle avec Lacan (1974-1981) offre l’occasion de s’interroger sur les raisons qui ont conduit ce contrôle à ne jamais virer à l’analyse, alors même qu’il s’agissait bel et bien aussi de cela. Ce non-passage à l’analyse a tenu à la sorte d’amour qu’une princesse éprouve pour un savant, à cet amour échange qu’évoque Platon, via Pausanias, dans son Banquet . Un tel amour exclusif, infaillible, éternel, laisse fort peu de chances à l’analyse. Et ces chances sont encore réduites dès lors que, traitant de puissance à puissance comme l’exige l’échange, rien ne vient séparer enjeux analytiques et enjeux institutionnels, ceux-ci s’opposant à ceux-là et les desservant.
Le risque absolu.
Authors: Marchaisse Thierry 
Published: January 2011

Qu’est-ce qui fait lever le sens et donc entrevoir l’importance du texte d’un inconnu ? Pour un éditeur, la pertinence de cette question ne fait aucun doute, parce que lire est son métier et que la possibilité de passer à côté du sens y est tout à la fois constante et sanctionnée par le fait de rater un livre important, voire un futur auteur célèbre. Mais cette question a aussi un intérêt plus général, en ce qu’elle permet d’éclairer ce phénomène complexe qu’est la lecture. Chacun connaît des exemples d’auteurs rendus célèbres par des textes qui ont d’abord été refusés par toutes les maisons d’édition : Proust, Beckett, etc. D’ordinaire, on n’y voit qu’une preuve de l’impéritie des éditeurs, une occasion aussi de dénoncer leur frilosité devant tout ce qui est trop singulier ou trop neuf. Mais est-ce vraiment de cela qu’il s’agit ? Comment une telle sorte de méprise initiale serait-elle aussi fréquente, ou même seulement possible, si bien lire était seulement une question d’intelligence, de goût et de compétence ?