bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical Simulation of Rapid Heat Storage in Plate-Fin Phase Change Heat Exchanger
Authors: Li Qiangqiang , Liu Shuo , Sun Xiaoxia , Shen Lili , Cheng Bin , Xing Haonan , Lin Min 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Rapid phase change heat storage has significant application value in high-power density thermal management systems. This paper presents a comparative numerical simulation study of the rapid heat storage and release dynamics of two types of finned plate heat exchangers with different fin shapes. The study reveals that, under the same fin thickness and volume fraction, the contact surface area of triangular fins is 1.6 times that of rectangular fins, but the heat storage rate of triangular fin heat exchangers is 2 times that of rectangular fin heat exchangers. Due to the small characteristic scale and high material viscosity of the heat exchanger, the natural convection velocity of the liquid phase during the heat storage process is low, and its influence on enhancing the heat storage rate is weak.
Heavy Blimp-Based Simulation Research of Integral Tower Technology
Authors: Zhao Xingyan , Fan Rongquan , Wang Jie , Lv Junjie , Huang Jigang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The power industry is the primary energy through the power generation equipment into electricity, and then through the transmission, transformation and distribution system to supply users as energy as the industrial sector, for the industrial and national economy and other sectors to provide basic power, is the first sector of national economic development[1]. As an important link to ensure the normal operation of the power industry, the importance of the power transmission system is self-evident[2]. The transmission tower, as the cornerstone to ensure the normal operation of the transmission system, has a large construction workload and faces problems such as complex construction environment and construction safety risks. Therefore, how to ensure the safe construction of transmission line in complex terrain is of great significance to power system construction. At present, in the construction of transmission tower, the suspension pole group tower and the whole lifting tower are the two main tower construction methods widely used. However, the pylon group tower has a great safety risk[3-4]. The State Grid has been trying to optimise the suspension of the tower. Secondly, due to the inconvenience of transportation, it is difficult for heavy lifting equipment to reach the construction site, which makes it difficult to promote the whole tower scheme using heavy lifting equipment in the mountainous terrain. In addition, the current construction of the tower group lacks scientific calculation and analysis of the force and deformation of the tower and key construction components, and there are hidden dangers such as overload and excessive deformation. Therefore, a new type of tower formation is needed to avoid the risk of personnel working at high altitudes and problems such as the inability of large heavy equipment to reach the construction site in mountainous areas[5]. In this paper, simulation technology is studied against the background of integral tower technology based on airship.
Research on the Drag Reduction Performance of Bionic Micro-gradient Surfaces
Authors: Cui Xianxian , Su Lin , Chen Dengke , Chen Huawei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Long range and high speed are important performance indicators for modern naval equipment such as submarines and ships. Taking the special shield scale structure of shark epidermis as the research object, models of riblets, discontinuous riblets, equal-gradient riblets and shark-like micro-gradient riblets were established, and their effects on flow field characteristics were analyzed. Compared with smooth surfaces, the bionic micro-gradient surface had a maximum drag reduction rate of 9.93% under the combined action of streamwise vortices and spanwise secondary vortices, and maintained a good drag reduction effect over a wide speed range. The bionic micro-gradient surface provides a potential reference for underwater mechanical drag reduction design.
Influence of external magnetic field on intraband transitions in lens-shaped quantum dot
Authors: Mkrtchyan M.A. , Sarkisyan H.A. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Intraband linear and nonlinear optical absorption in a strongly oblate lens-shaped Ge/Si quantum dot in the presence of an axial magnetic field was theoretically studied. Quantum transitions are considered in the heavy hole subband, when the scalar effective mass approximation is correct. The linear and nonlinear absorption coefficients, refractive index changes and the second harmonic generation coefficient were determined. The influence of the effects of temperature, size quantization and magnetic field on the behavior of the above parameters was revealed.
Development of wavelength-shifting PEN foils for next generation experiments
Authors: Kuźniak M. , Pawłowski S. , Abramowicz A. , Cortez A.F.V. , Kumosiński M. , Łęcki T. , Nieradka G. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPolyethylene naphthalate (PEN) foils have been demonstrated as a wavelength shifter suitable for operation in liquid argon. At the same time, wavelength shifting efficiency of technical grades of PEN, commercially available on the market, is lower than that of tetraphenyl butadiene (TPB). This paper reports on an R&D program focused on exploring the intrinsic limitations of PEN and optimizing it for the highest achievable wavelength shifting efficiency.
Cryogenic setup for the characterization of wavelength-shifting materials for noble element radiation detectors
Authors: Choudhary S. , Cortez A.F.V. , Kuźniak M. , Nieradka G. , Sworobowicz T. , Świderski Ł. , Szczęśniak T. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In the present work, we describe a new cryogenic setup for studies of wavelength-shifting materials for optimised light collection in noble element radiation detectors, and discuss the commissioning results. This SiPM-based setup uses
α
induced scintillation in gaseous argon as the vacuum ultraviolet light source with the goal of characterising materials, such as polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) and tetraphenyl butadiene (TPB), in terms of their wavelength-shifting efficiency. Preliminary results obtained with the system are consistent with the ones reported in literature: 0.5±0.05 in terms of WLS efficiency (PEN/TPB). A value of 1.24 μs was obtained for the triplet lifetime in Ar, which is a factor of 2.6 smaller than the one described in literature due to the presence of impurities. Further extensions of the system are currently being studied. The foreseen upgrades are expected to allow the study of GEM-like structures potentially interesting for rare-event searches. The design of the setup will be addressed along with the first results.
Development of a silicon-based thermal neutron detection system
Authors: Alsulimane A.Mohammad E. , Jon Taylor B. , Carlos Barajas C. , Alan Taylor D. , Gianluigi Casse E. , Ahmed Omar B. , Sergey Burdin F. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Neutron detection systems are of increasing importance in applications from basic science to medical applications and reactors. 3He proportional counters remain the most popular choice for monitoring thermal neutrons with a detection efficiency of around 60%, however, due to 3He global shortages, a new generation of detection technologies will be required to meet the rising demand. As a result, extensive research is being conducted to investigate alternative methods of neutron detection.

This work presents such a system and demonstrates its calibration and evaluation using an AmBe neutron source. The detection system involves silicon sensors coated by converter layers to make the detectors sensitive to thermal neutrons via neutron capture and measurement of the resulting secondary charged particles. The detection system is presented in two configurations, a single and a multi-layer configuration, where the latter is used to increase the total detection efficiency. In addition, the system is capable of determining coincident signals from a single neutron capture, a feature which allows background suppression and an increase in the purity of the neutron signal which is particularly useful in mixed radiation environments.
Data reduction strategy in the PandaX-4T experiment
Authors: Zhou Yubo , Chen Xun ,   the PandaX-4T collaboration
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe PandaX-4T experiment is designed for multiple purposes, including searches for solar neutrinos, weakly interacting massive particles, and rare double beta decays of xenon isotopes. The experiment produces a huge amount of raw data that needs to be stored for related physical analyses in a wide energy range. With the upgrading of the PandaX-4T experiment, the doubled sampling rate resulted in a larger data size, which challenges both the cost and the data processing speed. To address this issue, we propose a data reduction strategy by removing the noise tail of large signals and downsampling the remaining parts of them. This strategy reduces the requirement for storage by 65% while increasing data processing speed. The influences on physical analyses on different topics at different energy regions are negligible.
Machine learning evaluation in the Global Event Processor FPGA for the ATLAS trigger upgrade
Authors: Jiang Zhixing , Carlson Ben , Deiana Allison , Eastlack Jeff , Hauck Scott , Hsu Shih-Chieh , Narayan Rohin , Parajuli Santosh , Yin Dennis , Zuo Bowen 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The Global Event Processor (GEP) FPGA is an area-constrained, performance-critical element of the Large Hadron Collider's (LHC) ATLAS experiment. It needs to very quickly determine which small fraction of detected events should be retained for further processing, and which other events will be discarded. This system involves a large number of individual processing tasks, brought together within the overall Algorithm Processing Platform (APP), to make filtering decisions at an overall latency of no more than 8ms. Currently, such filtering tasks are hand-coded implementations of standard deterministic signal processing tasks.

In this paper we present methods to automatically create machine learning based algorithms for use within the APP framework, and demonstrate several successful such deployments. We leverage existing machine learning to FPGA flows such as hls4ml and fwX to significantly reduce the complexity of algorithm design. These have resulted in implementations of various machine learning algorithms with latencies of 1.2 μs and less than 5% resource utilization on an Xilinx XCVU9P FPGA. Finally, we implement these algorithms into the GEP system and present their actual performance.

Our work shows the potential of using machine learning in the GEP for high-energy physics applications. This can significantly improve the performance of the trigger system and enable the ATLAS experiment to collect more data and make more discoveries. The architecture and approach presented in this paper can also be applied to other applications that require real-time processing of large volumes of data.
SPIRAL2 commissioning and operations
Authors: Orduz A.K. , Di Giacomo M. , Lagniel J-M. , Normand G. , Uriot D. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The SPIRAL2 linac is now successfully commissioned;
H+, 4He2+, D+ and 18O6+ have been
accelerated up to nominal parameters and 18O7+ and
40Ar14+ beams have been also accelerated up to
7 MeV/A. The main steps with 5 mA H+, D+ beams
and with 0.6 mA 18O6+ are described. The general results
of the commissioning of the RF, cryogenic and diagnostics systems,
as well as the preliminary results of the first experiments on NFS
are presented. In addition of an improvement of the matching to the
linac, the tuning procedures of the 3 Medium Energy Beam Transport
(MEBT) rebunchers and 26 linac SC cavities were progressively
improved to reach the nominal parameters in operation, starting from
the classical “signature matching method”. The different cavity
tuning methods developed to take into account our particular
situation (very low energy and large phase extension) are
described. The tools developed for an efficient linac tuning in
operation, e.g. beam energy and intensity changes are also
discussed.
Fine tuning of gas system and performance studies of RPC detectors in the INO's mini-ICAL detector
Authors: L Umesh , Shinde R.R. , Sharma Kirti Prakash , Majumder G. , Shah Manish , Ravindran K.C. , Saraf M.N. , Satyanarayana B. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The India-based Neutrino Observatory's (INO) Iron CALorimeter (ICAL) experiment will be instrumented with about 28,800 large area glass Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs) as active detector elements. The mini-ICAL, which is a 600-times scaled-down prototype version of the ICAL, is currently in operation at the Inter Institutional Centre for High Energy Physics (IICHEP), a transit campus of the INO project in Madurai, India.
The 4 m×4 m detector comprises an ∼ 85 t magnet, built using 11 layers of iron plates to accommodate 10 layers of RPCs — two RPCs per layer. A closed-loop gas system (CLS) is designed to supply gas mixture of R134a (95.2%), isobutane (4.5%), and SF
6 (0.3%) to the mini-ICAL, collect the return gas from the RPCs, purify it using filters, and recirculate the mixture into the detector. Contamination of any kind into the gas mixture will severely affect the characteristics of the RPC detectors, such as the dark current and noise rates, and consequently deteriorate performance of the RPC detector. The contamination is mainly caused due to leaks within the gas system, in the gas lines and in the RPC gas gap volume. This paper deals with systematic identification and mitigation of leaks within the closed-loop gas system and performance improvement of the RPCs installed in the mini-ICAL detector.
Performance and painting scheme considerations for the CSNS injection
Authors: Huang Ming-Yang , Xu Shouyan , Deng Changdong , Wang Sheng 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The accelerator complex of China Spallation Neutron Source
(CSNS) consists of an 80 MeV H- Linac and a 1.6 GeV proton
rapid cycling synchrotron (RCS). The beam injection is one of the
most important issues for the CSNS accelerator complex. In this
paper, the injection methods have been comprehensively studied,
including phase space painting and H- stripping. By using the
design scheme of the anti-correlated painting, the beam power has
successfully reached 50 kW. However, some difficulties have been
found in the higher power beam commissioning. In order to solve
these key problems, flexibility in the CSNS design has been
exploited to implement the correlated painting by using the rising
current curve of the pulse power supply. The effectiveness of the
new method has been verified in the simulation and beam
commissioning. By using the new method, the beam power on the target
has successfully risen to the design value. Secondly, according to
the CSNS beam commissioning experience, based on the present design
of the injection system, a new idea is proposed to perform both
correlated and anti-correlated painting in the CSNS. By adopting an
additional vertical shift bump generated by four additional
alternating current (AC) magnets in the injection region, the local
orbit can be manipulated to meet the requirement of correlated
painting. The new method can not only perform the correlated
painting, but also optimize the anti-correlated painting. The
simulation study shows that the new method works well, and both
correlated and anti-correlated painting methods are well performed.
Optics for Landau damping with minimized octupolar resonances in the LHC
Authors: Tomás R. , Carlier F. , Chudoba F. , Deniau L. , Dilly J. , Ferrentino V. , Horney S. , Hostettler M. , Keintzel J. , Kostoglou S. , Le Garrec M. , Maclean E.H. , Nissinen T. , Paraschou K. , Persson T. , Solfaroli M. , Soubelet F. , Wegscheider A. , Wenninger J. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Operation of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) requires strong
octupolar magnetic fields to suppress coherent beam instabilities.
The amplitude detuning that is generated by these octupolar magnetic
fields brings the tune of individual particles close to harmful
resonances, which are mostly driven by the octupolar fields
themselves. In 2023, new optics were deployed in the LHC at
injection with optimized betatronic phase advances to minimize the
resonances from the octupolar fields without affecting the amplitude
detuning. This paper reports on the optics design, commissioning,
and lifetime measurements performed to validate the optics.
Technological developments and accelerator improvements for the FRIB beam power ramp-up
Authors: Wei J. , Alleman C. , Ao H. , Arend B. , Barofsky D. , Beher S. , Bollen G. , Bultman N. , Casagrande F. , Chang W. , Choi Y. , Cogan S. , Cole P. , Compton C. , Cortesi M. , Curtin J. , Davidson K. , Di Carlo S. , Du X. , Elliott K. , Ewert B. , Facco A. , Fila A. , Fukushima K. , Ganni V. , Ganshyn A. , Ginter T. , Glasmacher T. , Gonzalez A. , Hao Y. , Hartung W. , Hasan N. , Hausmann M. , Holland K. , Hseuh H.C. , Ikegami M. , Jager D. , Jones S. , Joseph N. , Kanemura T. , Kim S.H. , Knowles C. , Konomi T. , Kortum B. , Kulkarni N. , Kwan E. , Lange T. , Larmann M. , Larter T. , Laturkar K. , LaVere M. , Laxdal R.E. , LeTourneau J. , Li Z.-Y. , Lidia S. , Machicoane G. , Magsig C. , Manwiller P. , Marti F. , Maruta T. , Metzgar E. , Miller S. , Momozaki Y. , Mugerian M. , Morris D. , Nesterenko I. , Nguyen C. , Ostroumov P. , Patil M. , Plastun A. , Popielarski L. , Portillo M. , Powers A. , Priller J. , Rao X. , Reaume M. , Rodriguez S. , Rogers S. , Saito K. , Sherrill B.M. , Smith M.K. , Song J. , Steiner M. , Stolz A. , Tarasov O. , Tousignant B. , Walker R. , Wang X. , Wenstrom J. , West G. , Witgen K. , Wright M. , Xu T. , Yamazaki Y. , Zhang T. , Zhao Q. , Zhao S. , Hurh P. , Prestemon S. , Shen T. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) began operation
with 1 kW beam power for scientific users in May 2022 upon
completion of 8 years of project construction. The ramp-up to the
ultimate beam power of 400 kW, planned over a 6-year period, will
enable the facility to reach its full potential for scientific
discovery in isotope science and applications. In December 2023, a
record-high beam power of 10.4 kW uranium was delivered to the
target. Technological developments and accelerator improvements are
being made over the entire facility and are key to completion of the
power ramp-up. Major technological developments entail the phased
deployment of high-power beam-intercepting systems, including the
charge strippers, the charge selection systems, the production
target, and the beam dump, along with support systems, including
non-conventional utilities (NCU) and remote handling
facilities. Major accelerator improvements include renovations to
aging legacy systems associated with experimental beam lines and
system automation for improved operational efficiency and better
machine availability. Experience must be gained to safely handle the
increased radiological impacts associated with high beam power;
extensive machine studies and advanced beam tuning procedures are
needed to minimize uncontrolled beam losses for the desired
operating conditions. This paper discusses the technological
developments and accelerator improvements with emphasis on major
R&D efforts.
Macrophage membrane-coated nanoparticles for the treatment of infectious diseases
Authors: Wang Chenguang , Li Chuyu , Zhang Ruoyu , Huang Lili 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Infectious diseases severely threaten human health, and traditional treatment techniques face multiple limitations. As an important component of immune cells, macrophages display unique biological properties, such as biocompatibility, immunocompatibility, targeting specificity, and immunoregulatory activity, and play a critical role in protecting the body against infections. The macrophage membrane-coated nanoparticles not only maintain the functions of the inner nanoparticles but also inherit the characteristics of macrophages, making them excellent tools for improving drug delivery and therapeutic implications in infectious diseases (IDs). In this review, we describe the characteristics and functions of macrophage membrane-coated nanoparticles and their advantages and challenges in ID therapy. We first summarize the pathological features of IDs, providing insight into how to fight them. Next, we focus on the classification, characteristics, and preparation of macrophage membrane-coated nanoparticles. Finally, we comprehensively describe the progress of macrophage membrane-coated nanoparticles in combating IDs, including drug delivery, inhibition and killing of pathogens, and immune modulation. At the end of this review, a look forward to the challenges of this aspect is presented.
Odontogenic and anti-inflammatory effects of magnesium-doped bioactive glass in vital pulp therapy
Authors: Zhong Yewen , Liu Cong , Yan Xin , Li Xiangdong , Chen Xiaofeng , Mai Sui 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of magnesium-doped bioactive glass (Mg-BG) on the mineralization, odontogenesis, and anti-inflammatory abilities of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). Mg-BG powders with different Mg concentrations were successfully synthesized via the sol-gel method and evaluated using x-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Apatite formation was observed on the surfaces of the materials after soaking in simulated body fluid. hDPSCs were cultured with Mg-BG powder extracts in vitro, and no evident cytotoxicity was observed. Mg-BG induced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression and mineralization of hDPSCs and upregulated the expression of odontogenic genes, including those encoding dentin sialophosphoprotein, dentin matrix protein 1, ALP, osteocalcin, and runt-related transcription factor 2. Moreover, Mg-BG substantially suppressed the secretion of inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-4, IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha). Collectively, the results of this study suggest that Mg-BG has excellent in vitro bioactivity and is a potential material for vital pulp therapy of inflamed pulps.
How boundary interactions dominate emergent driving of inertial passive probes in active matter
Authors: Shea Jeanine , Jung Gerhard , Schmid Friederike 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Colloidal probes immersed in an active bath have been found to behave like active particles themselves. Here, we use simulations to investigate the mechanisms behind this behavior. We find that the active motion of the colloid cannot be simply attributed to the convective motion in the bath. Instead, the boundary of the probe contributes significantly to these adopted dynamics by causing active bath particles to spontaneously accumulate at the probe. This gathering of active bath particles then pushes the probe, thus promoting its emergent active-particle-like behavior. Furthermore, we find that the dynamic properties of the probe depend on its size in a non-monotonic way, which further highlights the non-trivial interplay between probe and bath.