bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pathophysiology of oropharyngeal dysphagia in the frail elderly
Authors: Rofes L. , Arreola V. , Romea M. , Palomera E. , Almirall J. , Cabré M. , Serra‐prat M. , Clavé P. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBackground  Oropharyngeal dysphagia is a major complaint among the elderly. Our aim was to assess the pathophysiology of oropharyngeal dysphagia in frail elderly patients (FEP).Methods  A total of 45 FEP (81.5 ± 1.1 years) with oropharyngeal dysphagia and 12 healthy volunteers (HV, 40 ± 2.4 years) were studied using videofluoroscopy. Each subject’s clinical records, signs of safety and efficacy of swallow, timing of swallow response, hyoid motion and tongue bolus propulsion forces were assessed.Key Results  Healthy volunteers presented a safe and efficacious swallow, faster laryngeal closure (0.157 ± 0.013 s) upper esophageal sphincter opening (0.200 ± 0.011 s), and maximal vertical hyoid motion (0.310 ± 0.048 s), and stronger tongue propulsion forces (22.16 ± 2.54 mN) than FEP. By contrast, 63.63% of FEP presented oropharyngeal residue, 57.10%, laryngeal penetration and 17.14%, tracheobronchial aspiration. Frail elderly patients with impaired swallow safety showed delayed laryngeal vestibule (LV) closure (0.476 ± 0.047 s), similar bolus propulsion forces, poor functional capacity and higher 1‐year mortality rates (51.7%vs 13.3%, P = 0.021) than FEP with safe swallow. Frail elderly patients with oropharyngeal residue showed impaired tongue propulsion (9.00 ± 0.10 mN), delayed maximal vertical hyoid motion (0.612 ± 0.071 s) and higher (56.0%vs 15.8%, P = 0.012) 1‐year mortality rates than those with efficient swallow.Conclusion & Inferences  Frail elderly patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia presented poor outcome and high mortality rates. Impaired safety of deglutition and aspirations are mainly caused by delayed LV closure. Impaired efficacy and residue are mainly related to weak tongue bolus propulsion forces and slow hyoid motion. Treatment of dysphagia in FEP should be targeted to improve these critical events.
Induced variability for fatty acid profile and molecular characterization of high oleate mutant in cultivated groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Authors: Mondal S. , Badigannavar A. M. , D’Souza S. F. 
Published: June 2010

With 3 figures and 2 tables AbstractGroundnut is an important oilseed crop grown extensively in tropical and subtropical regions in nearly 100 different countries. Monounsaturated fatty acid like oleic acid is known to have beneficial health effects. Hence, recent research efforts are directed towards an improvement of oleic acid in groundnut genotype, TFDRG 5. In the present study, 47 true breeding mutants with various morphological traits were isolated at M3 through gamma rays and/or sodium azide mutagenesis. These mutants were characterized for oil and fatty acid compositions at M8 and M9 generations. Of them, TGM 192M had nearly 27.3% improvement in oleic acid content which in turn increased the oleic/linoleic acid (O/L) ratio to 5.5 from 2.0 in parent. Sequencing of mutated ahFAD2A gene detected several point mutations in the coding region. Restriction digestion with Hpy99I and in silico translation of the mutated sequence further confirmed the G to A transition is responsible for high oleate trait in this mutant seed.
Follicular Dynamics and Oestrous Detection in Thai Postpartum Swamp Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)
Authors: Yindee M , Techakumphu M , Lohachit C , Sirivaidyapong S , Na‐Chiangmai A , Rodriguez‐Martinez H , van der Weyden GC , Colenbrander B 
Published: June 2010

ContentsThis study characterized follicular activity and oestrous behaviour from 5 to 9 days post‐calving up to the 4th ovulation postpartum (pp) in 16 multiparous (range 2–7 parities) Thai swamp buffalo cows (Bubalus bubalis), aged 4–12 years and weighing from 432 to 676 kg. Ovarian follicular activity was examined by transrectal ultrasonography (TUS) every morning. Oestrous detection was performed twice daily by direct personal observation of behaviour and for presence of clear cervical mucus discharge and indirectly by video camera recording during 21 h/day. A follicular wave‐like pattern was present before the 1st ovulation leading to short oestrous cycles. Growth rates and maximum diameters of the ovulatory follicles did not differ between the 1st and 4th ovulations. However, growth rate for non‐ovulatory dominant follicles (DF) before the 1st ovulation was lower than for the ovulatory follicle (p < 0.05). In addition, the diameter of all ovulatory follicles (14.3 ± 0.46 mm, n = 39) was significantly larger (p < 0.01) than those of the preceding last but one non‐ovulatory DF (10.8 ± 0.20 mm, n = 5), but similar to the last preceding non‐ovulatory DF diameter (12.92 ± 0.96 mm, n = 14). Short oestrous cycles were most common between the 1st and 2nd ovulations (93.75%, 15/16 cows, 10.2 ± 0.38 days) decreasing in prevalence thereafter (50%, 3/6 buffaloes, 12.0 ± 1.53 days). Oestrous signs were relatively vague around the 1st ovulation pp to become more easily detectable thereafter. This study suggests that properly fed swamp buffaloes could be mated successfully within 2 months pp, at their 2nd spontaneous ovulation, provided oestrous detection is at least performed daily at 06:00–08:00 hour.
Comparative Genomics Approach to Identify Candidate Genetic Loci for Male Fertility
Authors: Ogorevc J , Dovc P , Kunej T 
Published: June 2010

ContentsThe article presents multi‐species, genome‐wide, comparative approach to review male fertility‐associated loci to contribute to the development of new genetic markers that could be of interest for functional studies and have the potential to be implemented in farm animal breeding programmes. We reviewed 835 male fertility‐associated candidate loci from seven species and presented them as bovine orthologues where possible. The candidate loci were identified exploiting seven different research approaches: (i) data from animal models: mouse transgenics and knock‐outs (569 genes) and random chemical mutagenesis of mouse genome (31); (ii) animal QTL (69); (iii) genes differentially expressed between fertile and subfertile phenotype in humans and mouse (95); (iv) DNA sequence variations that show specific allele‐phenotype interactions (43 in human and 13 in farm animals); (v) germ line‐specific small non‐coding RNAs (47); (vi) testes expressed genes controlling complex differentiation process of mammalian spermatogenesis (6); and (vii) epigenetically regulated genes (4). According to the number of different research approaches reporting effects of individual genes, we selected 33 most promising candidate genes, which were further in silico analysed for expression levels in testes, genetic variability and top biological functions in functional networks. The aim of this study was to review systematically male fertility‐associated candidate loci using integrated information from different study approaches and species, which will further facilitate development of novel genetic markers for selection towards improved fertility in domestic animals.
Developmental evaluation at age 4: Validity of an Italian parental questionnaire
Authors: Dall'Oglio Anna Maria , Rossiello Barbara , Coletti Maria Franca , Caselli Maria Cristina , Ravà Lucilla , Di Ciommo Vincenzo , Orzalesi Marcello , Giannantoni Patrizia , Pasqualetti Patrizio 
Published: June 2010

Aim:  To validate an Italian parental questionnaire designed to evaluate the neuropsychological and behavioural developmental status of 4‐year‐olds and identify children in need of further evaluation.Methods:  The questionnaire (Questionario per la valutazione dello Sviluppo di bambini a 4 anni – Genitori (QS4‐G) ) consisted of 93 questions divided into 10 areas: language, visual‐motor abilities, memory/attention, fine and gross motor and self‐help abilities, lateralisation, social skills, stress, sleep, alimentation and evacuation. It was distributed to 263 parents of 4‐year‐olds: 94 healthy preterm (gestational age <33 weeks and/or <1500 g, without major neurosensory damage); 44 children with developmental disorders and 125 children with typical development. Cognitive and neuropsychological evaluations were performed using standardised tests.Results:  The internal consistency of the areas was adequate (Cronbach's alpha: 0.69–0.79). The correlation coefficients (r=|0.30|–|0.68|) with standardised tests (Griffiths, Vineland and neuropsychological tests) indicated a good concurrent validity. The receiver operating characteristic curve, for predicting a Griffiths Quotient less than 81, showed an area under the curve of 0.90 and a high diagnostic and discriminatory capacity (sensitivity of 0.88 and specificity of 0.84) for the optimal cut‐off (value 48.4).Conclusion:  The QS4‐G seems to be a valid tool for identifying 4‐year‐old children at risk for low or borderline cognitive development and/or problematic behaviour who need a complete assessment. It can describe individual neuropsychological profiles. QS4‐G is not a diagnostic tool. It is useful for outcome studies in preterm children and in other pathologies. It could also be useful for preschooler prevention programmes.
Modern and traditional diets for Noongar infants
Authors: Eades Sandra J , Read Anne W , McAullay Daniel , McNamara Bridgette , O'Dea Kerin , Stanley Fiona J 
Published: June 2010

Aim:  Describe breast‐ and bottle‐feeding patterns and the introduction of solid feeds and sugar containing drinks to the dietary intake of a cohort of urban Aboriginal infants in the first year of life.Methods:  Two hundred and seventy‐four infants were recruited to a cohort study and information about infant nutrition was collected from their mothers during face to face interviews when the infants were aged 6–12 weeks, 7–8 months and 12 months old.Results:  88.3% of mothers initiated breast‐feeding, but only 43.8% of infants were exclusively breast‐fed at 6–12 weeks. By 12 months of age 69.8% of babies had received fruit juice in their bottles, 59.8% received cordial. 64.5% of infants were given water in their bottles. The majority of infants had received ‘fast foods’ by 12 months of age with 56.2% had been given coca cola, 68% lemonade and 78% fried chips.Conclusions:  This study highlights areas in which nutrition health promotion can be targeted to prevent common childhood health problems including promoting and supporting mothers to sustain breast‐feeding and opportunities to reduce the sugar and fat intake among infants.
Brain metastasis from uterine cervical cancer
Authors: Park Sae Hyun , Ro Duck Yeong , Park Byung Joon , Kim Yong Wook , Kim Tae Eung , Jung Jae Keun , Lee Jung Whee , Kim Ji Yoon , Han Chi Wha 
Published: June 2010

AbstractUterine cervical cancer usually spreads by local extension and through the rich lymphatic network to the retroperitoneal lymph nodes. However, brain metastasis from primary cervical cancer is extremely rare. They are usually seen late in the clinical course and have poor prognosis. We present a 48‐year‐old woman with squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix who developed multiple brain metastases after 30‐month treatment of the primary disease. The patient received whole brain radiation therapy and steroids, and she is alive without any neurologic symptoms and signs at the 6‐month follow‐up after treatment of the recurrence.
Comparison of the efficacy between paclitaxel/carboplatin and doxorubicin/cisplatin for concurrent chemoradiation in intermediate‐ or high‐risk endometrioid endometrial cancer: A single institution experience
Authors: Kim Hee Seung , Kim Jae Weon , Wu Hong Gyun , Chung Hyun Hoon , Park Noh Hyun , Song Yong Sang , Kang Soon Beom , Lee Hyo Pyo 
Published: June 2010

AbstractAim:  We sought to compare survival and toxicity between paclitaxel/carboplatin (TC) and doxorubicin/cisplatin (AP) for concurrent chemoradiation (CCR) in intermediate‐ or high‐risk endometrioid endometrial cancer.Methods:  The clinical data of 40 patients with intermediate‐ (FIGO stage IC‐IIB, n = 12) or high‐risk endometrioid endometrial cancer (FIGO stage IIIA‐IVA, n = 28) were reviewed retrospectively between March 2000 and December 2007, who were treated with TC (n = 23, group 1) or AP (n = 17, group 2) for CCR after surgery.Results:  Progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were not different between groups 1 and 2 (median PFS and OS; 35 vs 24 and 76 vs 39 months, respectively, P > 0.05). However, ≥6 cycles of chemotherapy improved PFS compared with 3–5 cycles of chemotherapy (51 vs 21 months, P = 0.04), suggesting that ≥6 cycles of chemotherapy was an independent prognostic factor improving PFS (adjusted HR, 0.27; 95% CI, 0.08 to 0.91; P = 0.04). Grade 3 or 4 hematological and non‐hematological, especially, gastrointestinal, toxicities related with chemotherapy during CCR were more common in group 2 than in group 1, whereas there was no difference in grade 3 or 4 late complication by CCR between the 2 groups.Conclusion:  These findings suggest that TC may have comparable efficacy to AP for CCR with lesser toxicity, and ≥6 cycles of chemotherapy may be more beneficial than 3–5 cycles of chemotherapy in intermediate‐ or high‐risk endometrioid endometrial cancer. However, large‐scale randomized controlled trials are needed to support these results.
Pregnancy and Takayasu arteritis: A single centre experience from North India
Authors: Suri Vanita , Aggarwal Neelam , Keepanasseril Anish , Chopra Seema , Vijayvergiya Rajesh , Jain Sanjay 
Published: June 2010

AbstractAim:  Takayasu's syndrome is a chronic inflammatory arteriopathy of unknown origin which primarily affects women of reproductive age. We report the course and outcome of 37 pregnancies in 15 women with Takayasu arteritis during the period 1999–2008.Methods:  A retrospective analysis of 9 years was carried out in a tertiary hospital in Northern India. The effect of disease on the course of pregnancy, complications during pregnancy and perinatal outcome were analyzed.Results:  Hypertension was the most common presenting feature (27%). In the majority of the patients, vessels involved were the subclavian artery and arch of the aorta. Superimposed preeclampsia complicated 62% of pregnancies while 16% of pregnancies had intrauterine growth retardation. Six patients had preterm delivery and one had preeclampsia and placental abruption. The mean gestational age at delivery was 36 ± 3 weeks. The majority of the patients had a vaginal delivery. There was one maternal death due to accelerated hypertension and its complications.Conclusion:  Adequate control of blood pressure during pregnancy, planning the timing and mode of the delivery and vigilant monitoring during intrapartum period with special reference to management of blood pressure and its complications is essential for an optimum outcome.
Sublingual versus vaginal misoprostol for the management of missed abortion
Authors: Tanha Fateme Davari , Feizi Mohadeseh , Shariat Mamak 
Published: June 2010

AbstractAim:  To evaluate the efficacy of two routes of misoprostol administration (sublingual and vaginal) for the treatment of missed abortion.Methods:  Two hundred and twenty women with confirmed missed abortion who received 400 µg/6 h misoprostol either sublingually or vaginally, were included in this randomized control trial. All women were admitted to hospital for follow‐up care for 2 days. If the pregnancy was not completely evacuated during this time, the patient underwent immediate surgical completion. Efficacy was defined as the percentage of women discharged from the study without the need for surgical intervention.Results:  The effectiveness was high in the sublingual group and statistically different (sublingual 84.5%, vaginal 46.4% P = 0.000 RR = 0.54 95%CI = 0.442–0.681). The groups differed in terms of complications like bleeding (88.2% vs 65.5%), pain (85.5% vs 56.4%), diarrhea (69.1% vs 36.4%) and fever (23.6% vs 13.3%) in the sublingual group versus the vaginal group, but the mean time to expulsion was shorter (9.68 h SD = 5.51 95%CI = 8.61–10.57) in the sublingual group than the vaginal group (16.64 h SD = 14.01 95%CI = 13.8–19.48), P = 0.000. Women in the sublingual group were highly satisfied with the method.Conclusion:  Sublingual misoprostol for the medical management of missed abortion is more effective and more acceptable than the vaginal route. However, it showed more adverse effects.
Primary strumal carcinoid tumor of the ovary with multiple bone and breast metastases
Authors: Kurabayashi Takumi , Minamikawa Takahiro , Nishijima Shota , Tsuneki Ikunosuke , Tamura Masaki , Yanase Toru , Hashidate Hideki , Shibuya Hiroyuki , Motoyama Teiichi 
Published: June 2010

AbstractAlthough primary carcinoid tumor of the ovary is an extremely rare neoplasm, survival is excellent if the disease is confined to one ovary. Herein, we present a case of primary strumal carcinoid tumor of the ovary, stage IA, borderline malignancy, in a 34‐year‐old woman. Histological findings of the right ovary indicated higher atypical nuclei, higher mitotic rate and focal necrosis of tumorous cells in some areas, findings that are compatible with atypical carcinoid of the lung. Immunohistochemical staining was positive for synaptophysin, neuron‐specific enolase, chromogranin A, Ki‐67, topoisomerase IIα, peptide YY, and thyroglobulin. Three and a half years postoperatively, multiple bone and breast metastases were found and anticancer chemotherapy was ineffective. The results in the present case indicate that an ovarian carcinoid tumor found to be ‘atypical carcinoid’ according to pulmonary carcinoid criteria or immunohistochemical staining (i.e. highly positive for topoisomerase IIα and Ki‐67) may have a poor prognosis.
Comparison of gonadotropin‐releasing hormone agonists and antagonists in assisted reproduction cycles of polycystic ovarian syndrome patients
Authors: Hosseini Marzieh Agha , Aleyasin Ashraf , Saeedi Hojjatollah , Mahdavi Atossa 
Published: June 2010

AbstractAim:  Gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonists have reduced the incidence of severe ovarian hyper stimulation syndrome (OHSS) and rate of hospitalization due to severe OHSS, especially in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) patients. The present study aimed to compare the outcomes of patients with PCOS undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) with GnRH agonist versus GnRH antagonist protocols for assisted reproduction cycles.Methods:  The present clinical trial compared GnRH antagonist (cetrorelix) and GnRH agonist (buserelin) protocols during COH of 112 infertile PCOS patients entering assisted reproduction cycles. The primary outcome measure was pregnancy occurrence. Basal characteristics of the participants, stimulation cycle responses, pregnancy outcomes, incidence of OHSS and types of OHSS were considered in both groups.Results:  Regarding chemical and clinical pregnancy rates, the number of retrieved oocytes was significantly higher and OHSS was significantly lower in the antagonist group. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) levels, number of follicles, number of follicles >18 mm, relative frequency of mature oocytes, number and days of gonadotropin injections, day of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) administration, estradiol level and abortion were similar between the two groups.Conclusion:  GnRH antagonists are more effective, safe and a well tolerated alternative to agonists for assisted reproduction cycles in PCOS patients. GnRH antagonists are associated with a reduction in the incidence of OHSS in these patients.
Low‐cycle fatigue life behaviour of BS 460B and BS B500B steel reinforcing bars
Authors: HAWILEH R. A. , ABDALLA J. A. , OUDAH F. , ABDELRAHMAN K. 
Published: June 2010

ABSTRACTThis paper investigates the low‐cycle fatigue resistance of BS 460B and BS B500B steel reinforcing bars and proposes models for predicting their fatigue life based on plastic‐strain (ɛap) and total‐strain (ɛa) amplitudes. Constant‐amplitude, strain‐controlled low‐cycle fatigue tests were carried out on these bars under cyclic load with a frequency of 0.05 Hz. The maximum applied axial strain amplitude (ɛs,max) ranges from 3 to 10% with zero and non‐zero mean strains. The strain ratios (R = ɛs,min/ɛs,max) used are R =−1, −0.5 and 0. Hysteresis loops were recorded and plastic and total strain amplitudes were related to the number of reversals (2Nf) to fatigue failure and models for predicting the number of reversals to fatigue failure were proposed. It is concluded that the predicted fatigue life of these bars is very accurate when compared with the measured experimental fatigue life results for wide range of values of strain ratios. It is also observed that based on plastic‐strain amplitude, BS B500B consistently has a longer life (higher number of cycles to failure) than those of BS 460B for all R values; however, at low plastic‐strain amplitudes they tend to behave similarly, irrespective of R value. Other observations and conclusions were also drawn.
Anaerobic adaptation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: definition of the Anr and Dnr regulons
Authors: Trunk Katharina , Benkert Beatrice , Quäck Nicole , Münch Richard , Scheer Maurice , Garbe Julia , Jänsch Lothar , Trost Matthias , Wehland Jürgen , Buer Jan , Jahn Martina , Schobert Max , Jahn Dieter 
Published: June 2010

SummaryThe anaerobic metabolism of the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa is important for growth and biofilm formation during persistent infections. The two Fnr‐type transcription factors Anr and Dnr regulate different parts of the underlying network in response to oxygen tension and NO. Little is known about all members of the Anr and Dnr regulons and the mediated immediate response to oxygen depletion. Comprehensive transcriptome and bioinformatics analyses in combination with a limited proteome analyses were used for the investigation of the P. aeruginosa response to an immediate oxygen depletion and for definition of the corresponding Anr and Dnr regulons. We observed at first the activation of fermentative pathways for immediate energy generation followed by induction of alternative respiratory chains. A solid position weight matrix model was deduced from the experimentally identified Anr boxes and used for identification of 170 putative Anr boxes in potential P. aeruginosa promoter regions. The combination with the experimental data unambiguously identified 130 new members for the Anr and Dnr regulons. The basis for the understanding of two regulons of P. aeruginosa central to biofilm formation and infection is now defined.
How Pseudomonas aeruginosa adapts to various environments: a metabolomic approach
Authors: Frimmersdorf Eliane , Horatzek Sonja , Pelnikevich Anya , Wiehlmann Lutz , Schomburg Dietmar 
Published: June 2010

SummaryIn addition to transcriptome and proteome studies, metabolome analysis represents a third complementary approach to identify metabolic pathways and adaptation processes. In order to elucidate basic principles of metabolic versatility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, we investigated the metabolome profiles of two genetically and morphologically divergent strains, the reference strain PAO1 and the mucoid clinical isolate TBCF10839 in exponential growth and stationary phase in six different carbon sources (cadaverine, casamino acids, citrate, glucose, succinate and tryptone). Both strains exhibited strong similarities in mode of growth; the metabolite patterns were mainly defined by the growth condition. Besides this adaptive response, a basic core metabolism shapes the P. aeruginosa metabolome, independent of growth phase, carbon source and genetic background. This core metabolism includes pathways related to the central energy and amino acid metabolism. These consistently utilized metabolic pathways are closely related to glutamate which represents a dominant metabolite in all conditions analysed. In nutrient‐depleted media of stationary phase cultures, P. aeruginosa maintains a specific repertoire of metabolic pathways that are related to the carbon source formerly available. This specified adaptation strategy combined with the invariant basic core metabolism may represent a fundamental requirement for the metabolic versatility of this organism.