bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Critical behavior of quasi-two-dimensional ferromagnet Cr1.04Te2
Authors: Niu 钮 Wei 伟 , Song 宋 Qin-Xin 沁心 , Chang 常 Shi-Qi 世琦 , Wang 王 Min 敏 , Yuan 袁 Kui 奎 , Gao 高 Jia-Cheng 嘉程 , Wang 王 Shuo 硕 , Wang 王 Zhen-Dong 振东 , Liu 刘 Kai-Fei 凯斐 , Liu 刘 Ping 萍 , Xu 徐 Yong-Bing 永兵 , Zhang 张 Xiao-Qian 晓倩 , Pu 普 Yong 勇 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The self-intercalation of Cr into pristine two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals ferromagnetic CrTe2, which forms chromium tellurides (Cr
x
Te2), has garnered interest due to their remarkable magnetic characteristics and the wide variety of chemical compositions available. Here, comprehensive basic characterization and magnetic studies are conducted on quasi-2D ferromagnetic Cr1.04Te2 crystals. Measurements of the isothermal magnetization curves are conducted around the critical temperature to systematically investigate the critical behavior. Specifically, the critical exponents β = 0.2399, γ = 0.859, and δ = 4.3498, as well as the Curie temperature T
C = 249.56 K, are determined using various methods, including the modified Arrott plots, the Kouvel–Fisher method, the Widom scaling method, and the critical isotherm analysis. These results indicate that the tricritical mean-field model accurately represents the critical behavior of Cr1.04Te2. A magnetic phase diagram with tricritical phenomenon is thus constructed. Further investigations confirm that the critical exponents obtained conform to the scalar equation near T
C, indicating their self-consistency and reliability. Our work sheds light on the magnetic properties of quasi-2D Cr1.04Te2, broadening the scope of the van der Waals crystals for developments of future spintronic devices operable at room temperature.
Tuning the diffusion constant to optimize the readout of positional information of spatial concentration patterns
Authors: Kong 江 Ka Kit 嘉杰 , Luo 罗 Chunxiong 春雄 , Liu 刘 Feng 峰 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Positional information encoded in spatial concentration patterns is crucial for the development of multicellular organisms. However, it is still unclear how such information is affected by the physically dissipative diffusion process. Here we study one-dimensional patterning systems with analytical derivation and numerical simulations. We find that the diffusion constant of the patterning molecules exhibits a nonmonotonic effect on the readout of the positional information from the concentration patterns. Specifically, there exists an optimal diffusion constant that maximizes the positional information. Moreover, we find that the energy dissipation due to the physical diffusion imposes a fundamental upper limit on the positional information.
Use of the OSCAR-Fusion V1.4.a code for a preliminary assessment of the ACP contamination within the main ITER water cooling circuit
Authors: Carloni D. , Dacquait F. , Polunovskiy E. , Broutin F. , Di Pace L. , Javier F. , Moscatelli E. , Le Tonqueze Y. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
One of the main objectives of ITER is to produce 500 MW of power from a deuterium-tritium plasma for several seconds. This goal presents two inherent challenges: firstly, in-vessel components will require active cooling to remove the heat coming from the fusion reaction (i.e., mainly fast neutrons and alpha particles). Secondly, the materials exposed to the neutron flux will yield activated corrosion products (ACPs) in all primary cooling circuits of ITER. From a safety point of view, ACPs are one of the contributors to the Occupational Radiation Exposure (ORE), they represent a source of radiological waste and also contribute to the source term for accidental scenarios involving the loss of primary confinement. Therefore, ACPs assessment is key to estimate radiological impact for nuclear workers and the public. ITER nuclear safety engineers adopted OSCAR-Fusion v1.4.a code to assess the ACPs inventory in the Integrated Blanket ELMs and Divertor (IBED) cooling loop. This paper describes the selection of input data, the modelling of the circuits and the operational scenarios used in OSCAR-Fusion calculations. This study also examines the outcomes of such calculations, notably in terms of ACPs inventory, emphasizing the impact on the ORE and highlighting its driving parameters. Additionally, the paper offers recommendations for better ACPs management in the context of the ITER project and in accordance with the ALARA principle.
Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Fern Pteridium aquilinum Ethanol Extract Gel on Mice (Mus musculus) Incision Wounds
Authors: Huwae Laury M Ch , Silahooy Veince B 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The utilization of natural resources around the community is one of the alternative anti-inflammatory medications. One of the several studies on this area reported that commonly people use Pteridium aquilinum leaves to heal wound instead of commercial gel medications. The research aimed to determine the activity and it effective dose of Pteridium aquilinum ethanol extract gel as an anti-inflammatory. The ethanol extract of Pteridium aquilinum was formulated in a gel with varying dosage concentrations of 1%, 1.5%, and 3% for 2 times applied a day in 14 days, with the incision wounds without fern ethanol extract gel as negative control and incision wound was treated with commercially as positive control. Observation on the wound length and the injured tissue histology of mice incision wound carried out on 3, 5, 7, and 14 days of treatment. The results prove that fern ethanol extract gel formula has anti-inflammatory activity on mice incision wound. Wound healing indicated by the closure of the wound on the skin. Based on the results can be concluded that Pteridium aquilinum ethanol extract has anti-inflammatory and heals mice incision wound affectively in 14 days with the best dosage concentration of 3%.
Ecological potential of giant clams in Ambon Island waters, Eastern Indonesia
Authors: Mamesah JAB , Natan Y , Hulopi M , Wawo M , Pattikawa JA , Tetelepta JMS 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Giant clams are protected marine organisms universally, thus information on giant clams is important for management purposes. This research was conducted in July to August 2021 in Morella and Suli, Ambon Island Maluku Province to get information on ecological potential which consist of species composition, density, occurrence frequency and diversity of giant clams. Sample was collected by using linear quadrat transect line. As many as 25 quadrants (10x10m) were used in both locations. Every individual of giant clams found in the quadrant was identified, photographed and counted. There were three species of giant clams found in Morella namely Tridacna crocea, T. maxima, and T. squamosa while four species were found in Suli i.e. those three species mentions earlier and Hippopus Hippopus. Totally, T. crocea had more individuals followed by T. squamosa and then T. maxima while the lesser belonged to H. Hippopus with one individual. Density of giant clams in Morella (428 ind./ha) was much higher than density of giant clams in Suli (48 ind./ha). Giant clams in Morella can be found in 16 - 19 quadrants of 25 quadrants used while in Suli only found in 1 - 6 quadrants. Ecological indexes for diversity, evenness and dominance showed that giant clams in Morella and Suli had moderate diversity, high evenness and low dominance.
The potential of seagrass ecosystems in Waai and Liang coastal waters on Ambon Island as carbon storage sites
Authors: Hetharia J V T , Prartono T , Koropitan A F , Tapilatu Y 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Seagrass ecosystem is one of the coastal ecosystems that can absorb carbon and subsequently store it at a high capacity. This research aimed to study carbon stocks in biomass based on seagrass type and density, differences in carbon stocks between below-ground and above-ground, and the potential for carbon storage of the seagrass ecosystem on the coast of Waai and Liang, Ambon Island. Five seagrass species species were found, including Enhalus acoroides, Halophila ovalis, Halodule pinifolia, Thalassia hemprichii and Cymodocea rotundata,. Based on the results, halassia hemprichii was predominant in Liang waters and Halodule pinifolia was predominant in Waai waters. The highest seagrass biomass in both the below ground and above ground was found for Cymodocea rotundata in Waai waters and Thalassia hemprichii in Liang waters. The total carbon stock in Liang waters was 39.75 gC/m2, whereas that in Waai waters was 56.46 gC/m2. The results showed that the total carbon stock below ground was much greater than above ground, suggesting that more carbon is stored below seagrass substrate than above it in both Waai and Liang coastal waters.
Effect of Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotropin and Antidopamine on the gonads of female bileh fish (Rasbora maninjau)
Authors: Zulfadhli  , Saputra Fazril , Fujaya Yushinta , Burhanis  
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Bileh fish (Rasbora maninjau) still have difficulty spawning in a controlled manner in aquaculture containers because the maturation of female fish gonads is slow and takes a long time. Internal factors, including the hormonal system, strongly influence the maturation of fish gonads. This study aims to determine the effect of Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotropin (PMSG) and antidopamine on female gonads of bileh fish. The research used an experiment with a CRD (Completely Randomized Design) experimental design. The experiment consisted of four treatments and three repetitions. The treatments were the administration of PMSG and antidopamine hormones at different doses through feed, namely: 0 ml/kg feed (P1), 0.5 ml/kg feed (P2), 1 ml/kg feed (P3) and 2 ml/kg feed (P4). The research procedures included container and fish preparation, hormone, and feed preparation, fish rearing, and data collection. The test parameters evaluated were weight gain (Wg), gonadosomatic index (GSI), and gonadal maturity level (GML). Data on test parameters were analyzed with statistics (Anova). The research results showed that the administration of PMSG hormones and antidopamine through feed had a significant effect on weight gain, gonadosomatic index and gonad maturity level of bileh fish (P<0.05). Effective and best treatment at P3 (1 ml/kg feed) with Wg 0.22grams, GSI 8.58%, and GML IV 60%.
Freshness Parameters of Scad (Decapterus Sp.) at the Arumbae Traditional Market in Ambon
Authors: Krisanta Enda Savitri Imelda , Sormin R. B. D. , Orindalin Yanci 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Scad (Decapterus sp.) is a popular alternative to Rastrelliger sp. and Selaroides leptolepis and is typically sold from morning until evening. An investigation was conducted to determine the organoleptic and chemical parameters of fresh Scad sold in the market. Fresh Scad were sampled at 06:00 am (0 hours peddled), at midday (6 hours peddled), and at 06:00 pm (12 hours peddled). The fishes were sampled randomly and brought to the Fishery Product Technology Laboratory at the Faculty of Fishery and Marine Science, Pattimura University. Sensory and laboratory analyses were carried out covering organoleptic test, pH, and total volatile base (TVB). At 06.00 am, the organoleptic score was 9, pH was 5.7, and TVB was 15 mg/100g. At noon, the organoleptic score was 8, pH was 6, and TVB was 24 mg/100g, while at 6.00 pm, the organoleptic score was 6; pH was 6.8; TVB was 33.5 mg/100g. The findings concluded that the fresh Scad started deteriorating after 12 hours of peddling.
Topical reviews of research on resilience to natural environment in Fujian traditional dwellings of China
Authors: Shu Mengrong , Chen Kaida , He Yuanrong , Wang Yansong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The original purpose of resilience design for traditional architectures is to be coordinated with and adapted to the natural environment. The natural environmental resilience of traditional dwellings refers to the ability of the dwellings to maintain the residents’ comfort, safety, and health in the face of natural environmental challenges including various disasters. In the process of designing traditional dwellings, the wisdom contributed to improving living environment conditions is of significant reference value. Therefore, this paper reviews the main literature on the resilience of traditional dwellings to the natural environment in Fujian of China. A topical review framework is proposed to cover the resilience performance of traditional dwellings in Fujian under various natural environmental conditions. Specifically, it is divided into two aspects: internal comfort resilience and external disaster-resistance resilience, based on which researchers in related fields can establish a clearer classification of resilience research in their future studies. In terms of internal comfort resilience, this paper focuses on relevant perspectives such as humidity, temperature, brightness, noise, etc. In terms of external disaster-resistance resilience, this paper summarizes the adaptability of traditional dwellings in the face of disasters triggered by natural hazards such as fires, floods, earthquakes, and typhoons. Based on this framework, this paper reviews the current research status, discusses the limitations and shortcomings in this research area, and proposes corresponding prospects for future research.
Enhancing particle string detection in electrorheological plasmas using asymmetrical kernel convolutional networks
Authors: Klein M , Dormagen N , Dietz C , Thoma M H , Schwarz M 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Under different plasma conditions and electric fields in a complex plasma the plasma particles organize themselves in a string-like or chain-like manner. A phase transition from string-like to an isotropic particle distribution is observed at different electrical conditions. The streaming of charged ions around plasma particles with the surrounding electric field gives the plasma its electrorheological properties. The visibility of individual particles in a complex plasma opens up the opportunity to examine properties and phase transitions of such electrorheological fluids in detail. Because of the limited one-dimensional symmetry, determining the configuration of a particle and recognizing strings in particle distributions is not always straightforward. Several approaches have already been used to analyse particle clouds while either considering each particle locally or considering the particle cloud as a whole without providing information about single particle configurations. This paper presents a new machine learning approach that takes advantage of particle distributions over the entire particle cloud and detects all string-like particles at once, using a convolutional neural network in form of an encoder-decoder network with asymmetric kernel convolutions. This not only enhances the result quality but also accelerates the evaluation process, possibly enabling real-time analyses on electrorheological phase transitions, while achieving an accuracy of over 95% on manually labelled data.
Exploring the efficiency of green synthesized silver nanoparticles as photocatalysts for organic dye degradation: unveiling key insights
Authors: Sharma Aman , Sunny Sachin , Arulraj James , Hegde Gurumurthy 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have received a lot of interest for their several applications, including their remarkable potential as photocatalysts for organic dye degradation. This research thoroughly investigates the efficacy of ecologically friendly, green-synthesized AgNPs in the treatment of synthetic dye-contaminated wastewater. The synthesis of AgNPs from various biological substrates is investigated, emphasizing their economic viability, significant conductivity, and considerable biocompatibility. The improper disposal of synthetic dyes in wastewater poses severe environmental and health risks due to their non-biodegradable nature and persistent chemical features. In response to this challenge, this review paper investigates the capability of AgNPs to serve as effective photocatalysts for degrading a range of organic dyes commonly found in industrial effluents. Specific dyes, including methyl orange, congo red, nitrophenol, methylene blue, and malachite green, are studied in the context of wastewater treatment, providing insights into the efficacy of AgNPs synthesized from diverse biological sources. The review sheds light on the photocatalytic degradation methods used by green-synthesized AgNPs, shedding light on the transition of these synthetic dyes into less hazardous compounds. It also delves into the toxicity aspect of the AgNPs and its possible remediation from the environment. The ecologically friendly synthesis procedures investigated in this work provide an alternative to traditional methods, highlighting the importance of sustainable technologies in solving modern environmental concerns. Furthermore, a comparative examination of various biological substrates for AgNPs synthesis is presented, evaluating their respective dye degradation efficiencies. This not only helps researchers understand the environmental impact of synthetic dyes, but it also directs them in choosing the best substrates for the production of AgNPs with enhanced photocatalytic activities.
Norms Governing Rescue and Return
Authors: Variath Adithya 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The issues of rescue and return have grown in parallel with the development of space exploration activities. The launch of Sputnik in 1957 also exposed the difficulties in relation to the return of such satellites to foreign soil. State practice mandates that a spacecraft which lands on foreign soil remain the property of the launching state and should be returned upon payment of compensation for any damages caused by such landing. As a response to this, on 19 December 1967, the General Assembly of the United Nations, by a vote of 115–0, approved the Agreement on the Rescue of Astronauts, the Return of Astronauts and the Return of Objects Launched into Outer Space 1968 (hereinafter the Rescue Agreement). This chapter, along with deconstructing the Rescue Agreement, also analyses the essential substantive clauses of the Rescue Agreement, namely ‘Personnel of a spacecraft’ and ‘Space objects and their launching authorities’. The chapter will also highlight the issues that arise due to launching from non-sovereign territory, such as the high seas, which complicate the question of ‘launching authority’. The second section of the chapter focuses on the two underlying Articles V and VIII of the Outer Space Treaty dealing with the status of astronauts and the ownership of space objects by the launching state. The third section studies the issues relating to the interpretation of private and public spaceflight in the Rescue Agreement.
Third World Approaches to International Space Law
Authors: Vazhapully Kiran Mohan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter provides a critical examination of international space law through the lens of Third World Approaches to International Law (TWAIL). It traces the origins of space law to the Cold War era, highlighting how it was shaped by the interests of technologically advanced States, particularly the United States and the Soviet Union. The chapter relies on TWAIL perspectives to scrutinise this dominance, revealing the Eurocentric biases and power dynamics embedded within the legal system. It argues that while the principles of space law, such as non-appropriation and peaceful use, appear universal, they are underpinned by biases favouring Western States. The chapter also explores the historical context of TWAIL, its theoretical underpinnings, and its role in challenging global disparities. It proposes reforms to international space law, emphasising the need for a more equitable legal framework that truly encompasses the interests of all States, including those in the Global South. It calls for a collective endeavour to deconstruct and reconstruct law to address historical imbalances and benefit all of humanity, offering a universal vision of international law and justice.
Women in Martial
Authors: Marchesi Ilaria 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Martial’s Women is the first monograph to treat the portrayals of women in the Epigrams in a systematic way. Presenting an interplay between the close reading of a wide range of poems and their contextualization through legal, historiographic, rhetorical, and grammatical discussions, this book proposes a new way of conceptualizing the cultural construction of femininity in the Flavian age. The book focuses not only on the social roles assigned to women in Roman society, where they are at once called to represent their fathers and reproduce their husbands, but also on the question to what extent they are depicted as semiotic signifiers in Martial’s corpus, a poet who distinctively adopts the role of a surrogate censor for Domitian. Noting socially aberrant behavior by pointedly using the discourse of grammar and its categories to detect and address the social issues of his time, Martial constructs the women he depicts in both negative and positive ways as signs of their time.
Conclusion
Authors: Marchesi Ilaria 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The conclusion reads the attention that Pliny’s Panegyricus devotes to the mechanics of Trajan’s adoption, association, and accession to power in light of the socio-political and ethical anxieties detected in Martial around women’s semiotic power. In praising Nerva’s decision to adopt his successor from outside the familial sphere, Pliny also constructs as abnormal and undue the traditional influence that imperial women exerted on imperial successions. Pliny’s systemic discounting of the past as specifically encumbered by powerful women translates into a generative, not simply generational anxiety, which connects his hallowed renovatio with a systemic repression of the woman’s body.
Structural diversity of decalin forming Diels–Alderase
Authors: Sato Michio 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
The Diels–Alder (DA) reaction, specifically referring to the [4 + 2] cycloaddition reaction in pericyclic reactions, is a process that forms two carbon-carbon covalent bonds in a single step via an electron ring transition state. Among the secondary metabolites produced by microorganisms, numerous compounds are biosynthesized through DA reactions, most of which are enzymatic. Our research group has discovered an enzyme named Diels–Alderase (DAase) that catalyzes the DA reaction in filamentous fungi, and we have been investigating its catalytic mechanism. This review describes the reported microbial DAase enzymes, with a particular focus on those involved in the construction of the decalin ring.
Sex allocation is color morph-specific and associated with fledging condition in a wild bird
Authors: Tooth Amandine , Morosinotto Chiara , Karell Patrik 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMelanin-based color polymorphism is predicted to evolve and maintain through differential fitness of morphs in different environments, and several empirical studies indicate that life history strategies, physiology, and behavior vary among color morphs. Sex allocation theory predicts that parents should adjust their sex allocation based on differential costs of raising sons and daughters, and therefore, color morphs are expected to modify their brood sex ratio decisions. In color polymorphic tawny owls (Strix aluco), the pheomelanistic brown morph is associated with higher energy requirements, faster growth, and higher parental effort than the gray morph. As hypothesized, we find that brown tawny owl mothers produced more daughters in early broods and more males in late broods, whereas gray mothers did the opposite. At fledging, daughters of early broods and of brown mothers were heavier than those of late broods or gray mothers. Hence, larger and more costly daughters appeared to benefit more than males from being born to brown mothers early in the season. Brown mothers breeding later in the season produced more cheap sons, while gray mothers face fewer challenges under limited resources and favor daughters. These findings suggest that environmental conditions influence brood sex allocation strategies of genetically determined color morphs differently.