bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The gas‐phase ligand exchange of copper and nickel acetylacetonate, hexafluoroacetylacetonate and trifluorotrimethylacetylacetonate complexes
Authors: Hunter Gerald O. , Lerach Jordan O. , Lockso Timothy R. , Leskiw Brian D. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe gas‐phase ligand‐exchange reactions between Cu(II) and Ni(II) complexes containing the acetylacetonate (acac), hexafluoroacetylacetonate (hfac), and trifluorotrimethylacetylacetonate (tftm) ligands were investigated using a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. The gas‐phase mixed‐ligand products of [Cu(acac)(tftm)]+, [Ni(acac)(tftm)]+, [Cu(hfac)(tftm)]+, and [Ni(hfac)(tftm)]+ were formed following the co‐sublimation of either homo‐metal or hetero‐metal precursors. The gas‐phase formation of [Cu(acac)(tftm)]+, [Cu(hfac)(tftm)]+, [Ni(acac)(tftm)]+, and [Ni(hfac)(tftm)]+ complexes is reported herein for the first time. The corresponding fragmentation patterns of these species along with those of Cu(tftm)2 and Ni(tftm)2 are also presented. Mass‐selected ion‐neutral reactions were investigated. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Automated assignment of ionization states in broad‐mass matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization spectra of protein mixtures
Authors: Malyarenko Dariya I. , Cooke William E. , Bunai Christine L. , Manos Dennis M. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA computational technique is presented for the automated assignment of the multiple charge and multimer states (ionization states) in the time‐of‐flight (TOF) domain for matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) spectra. Examples of the application of this technique include an improved, automatic calibration over the 2 to 70 kDa mass range and a reduced data redundancy after reconstruction of the molecular spectrum of only singly charged monomers. This method builds on our previously reported enhancement of broad‐mass signal detection, and includes two steps: (1) an automated correction of the instrumental acquisition initial time delay, and (2) a recursive TOF detection of multiple charge states and singly charged multimers of molecular [MH]+ ions over the entire record range, based on MALDI methods. The technique is tested using calibration mixtures and pooled serum quality control samples acquired along with clinical study data. The described automated procedure improves the analysis and dimension reduction of MS data for comparative proteomics applications. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A pragmatist approach to meaning making in children's discussions about gravity and the shape of the earth
Authors: Lidar Malena , Almqvist Jonas , Östman Leif 
Published: December 2009

AbstractDuring the past few decades, researchers from a cognitive science tradition and a sociocultural perspective on learning have discussed how to understand students' conceptions of the earth. In this article, some of the questions discussed in this debate are elaborated in relation to meaning making in educational settings. The aim is to illustrate how an approach built on pragmatism and Wittgenstein's works makes it possible to take the role of both situation and experiences into account within a sociocultural perspective on learning. In video‐recordings of second and fourth–fifth graders working in pairs meaning making is studied using practical epistemology analysis, i.e., what children talk about as relevant and what experiences they reactualize when answering questions. By analyzing the role of reactualization of experience, the role of reactualization and situation in making questions and problems intelligible, and the individuals' encounters with artifacts and the consequences of this in meaning making, we elucidate why it is important to consider meaning making in situ as an empirical question. It is concluded that the way questions are made intelligible will direct the meaning making and when using an artifact to answer questions, it is not the artifact in itself, but the specific use of the artifact that mediates action. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Sci Ed 94:689–709, 2010
Gene identification using true discovery rate degree of association sets and estimates corrected for regression to the mean
Authors: Crager Michael R. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractAnalyses intended to identify genes with expression that is associated with some clinical outcome or state are often based on ranked p‐values from tests of point null hypotheses of no association. Van de Wiel and Kim take the innovative approach of testing the interval null hypotheses that the degree of association for a gene is less than some value of interest against the alternative that it is greater. Combining this idea with the false discovery rate controlling methods of Storey, Taylor and Siegmund gives a computationally simple way to identify true discovery rate degree of association (TDRDA) sets of genes among which a specified proportion are expected to have an absolute association of a specified degree or more. This leads to a gene ranking method that uses the maximum lower bound degree of association for which each gene belongs to a TDRDA set. Estimates of each gene's actual degree of association with approximate correction for ‘selection bias’ due to regression to the mean (RM) can be derived using simple bivariate normal theory and Efron and Tibshirani's empirical Bayes approach. For a given data set, all possible TDRDA sets can be displayed along with the gene ranking and the RM‐corrected estimates of degree of association in a concise graphical summary. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Further evaluation of the carbon11‐labeled D2/3agonist PET radiotracer PHNO: Reproducibility in tracer characteristics and characterization of extrastriatal binding
Authors: Egerton Alice , Hirani Ella , Ahmad Rabia , Turton David R. , Brickute Diana , Rosso Lula , Howes Oliver D. , Luthra Sajinder K. , Grasby Paul M. 
Published: December 2009

Abstract[11C]‐(+)‐PHNO is a new dopamine D2/3receptor agonist radiotracer which has been successfully used to measure D2/3receptor availability in experimental animals and man. Here we report in vivo evaluation in the rat of the biodistribution, metabolism, specificity, selectivity, and dopamine sensitivity of carbon11‐labeled PHNO ([11C]‐3‐PHNO) produced by an alternative radiochemical synthesis method. [11C]‐3‐PHNO showed rapid metabolism and clearance from most peripheral organs and tissues. [11C]‐3‐PHNO, but not its polar metabolite, readily crossed the blood‐brain barrier and showed high levels of uptake in the D2/3‐rich striatum. Pretreatment with unlabeled PHNO and the D2/3receptor antagonist raclopride indicated that binding in the striatum was specific and selective to D2/3receptors. PET studies in anesthetized rats revealed significant reductions in [11C]‐3‐PHNO binding in the striatum following amphetamine administration, indicating sensitivity to increases in endogenous dopamine concentrations. D2/3antagonist pretreatment additionally indicated moderate levels of [11C]‐3‐PHNO specific binding in several extrastriatal brain areas—most notably the olfactory bulbs and tubercles, thalamus, and hypothalamus. Of particular interest, approximately 30% of [11C]‐3‐PHNO signal in the cerebellum—a region often used as a “low‐binding” reference region for PET quantification—was attributable to specific signal. These data demonstrate that [11C]‐3‐PHNO shows similar tracer characteristics to [11C]‐(+)‐PHNO, but additionally indicate that radiolabeled PHNO may be used to estimate D2/3receptor availability in select extrastriatal brain regions with PET. Synapse 64:301–312, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Kalte Normaldruck‐Jetplasmen zur lokalen Oberflächenbehandlung
Authors: Foest R. , Fricke K. , Kindel E. , Lange H. , Schäfer J. , Steiber M. , Weltmann K‐D. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractEin anisothermer, miniaturisierter Plasmajet (1.5 MHz, 13,56 MHz, 27,12MHz oder 40,78 MHz) dient unter Atmosphärendruckbedingungen zur Behandlung von Oberflächen. Das Gerät erlaubt außer dem Betrieb in Edelgasen, wie z.B. Argon, auch den Betrieb in Stickstoff bzw. Luft mit reaktiven Beimengungen. Zur Behandlung größerer Oberflächen lassen sich mehrere Module parallel betreiben bzw. in kontrollierter Bewegung über die zu behandelnde Oberflächen führen.Die Temperatur des Jets verbleibt im Bereich von erhöhter Raumtemperatur bis ca. 100°C. Ein für den Betrieb an Luft unerwartet hoher Anteil an UV und VUVStrahlung wird gemessen, dessen Kenntnis wichtig zur gezielten Initiierung chemischer Oberflächenreaktionen bzw. zur Ausnutzung von keimreduzierenden Effekten oder der Beeinflussung der Proliferation von biologischen Zellen ist.Applikationen zur Oberflächenmodifikation sind nicht auf flächige Substrate beschränkt. Die atmosphärischen Plasmajets besitzen ein hohes Anwendungspotential.Ergebnisse des Einsatzes zur Erhöhung der Benetzbarkeit von Kunststoffen und Zellstoff liegen vor. Mit Hilfe des Plasmajets lassen sich Schichten mit kontrollierter chemischer Zusammensetzung herstellen.
Pain-related fear, catastrophizing and pain in the recovery from a fracture
Authors: Steven J. Linton , Buer Nina , Samuelsson Lars , Harms-Ringdahl Karin 
Published: December 2009

Abstract

Background and aims
Pain-related fear and catastrophizing are prominently related to acute and persistent back pain, but little is known about their role in pain and function after a fracture. Since fractures have a clear etiology and time point they are of special interest for studying the process of recovery. Moreover, fracture injuries are interesting in their own right since patients frequently do not recover fully from them and relatively little is known about the psychological aspects. We speculated that catastrophizing and fear-avoidance beliefs might be associated with more pain and poorer recovery after an acute, painful fracture injury.

Methods
To this end we conducted a prospective cohort study recruiting 70 patients with fractures of the wrist or the ankle. Participants completed standardized assessments of fear, pain, catastrophizing, degree of self-rated recovery, mobility and strength within 24 h of injury, and at 3- and 9-month follow-ups. Participants were also categorized as having high or low levels of fear-avoidance beliefs by comparing their scores on the first two assessments with the median from the general population. To consolidate the data the categorizations from the two assessments were combined and patients could therefore have consistently high, consistently low, increasing, or decreasing levels.

Results
Results indicated that levels of fear-avoidance beliefs and catastrophizing were fairly low on average. At the first assessment 69% of the patients expected a full recovery within 6 months, but in fact only 29% were fully recovered at the 9-month follow-up. Similarly, comparisons between the affected and non-affected limb showed that 71% of those with a wrist fracture and 58% with an ankle fracture were not fully recovered on grip strength and heel-rise measures. Those classified as having consistently high or increasing levels of fear-avoidance beliefs had a substantially increased risk of more intense future pain (adjusted OR = 3.21). Moreover, those classified as having consistently high or increasing levels of catastrophizing had an increased risk for a less than full recovery of strength by almost six-fold (adjusted OR = 5.87).

Conclusions and implications
This is the first investigation to our knowledge where the results clearly suggest that fear and catastrophizing, especially when the level increases, may be important determinants of recovery after an acute, painful, fracture injury. These results support the fear-avoidance model and suggest that psychological factors need to be considered in the recovery process after a fracture.
Anatomy-based surgery to remove thyroglossal duct cyst: two anomalous cases
Authors: Iwata T , Nakata S , Tsuge H , Koide F , Sugiura M , Otake H , Teranishi M , Nakashima T 
Published: December 2009

AbstractObjective:To review previous reports and to discuss the management of branching polycystic and giant thyroglossal duct cysts.Case report:We present two cases of thyroglossal duct cyst: one a branching, polycystic thyroglossal duct cyst in an 11-year-old boy, and the other a giant thyroglossal cyst in a 41-year-old man. Such cysts are rare. Both patients were operated upon according to the methods of Sistrunk and Horisawa, and both had a satisfactory post-operative course.Discussion:We discuss the most important aspects of such cyst removal procedures.Conclusion:Our experience suggests that surgery to remove an anomalous thyroglossal duct cyst should be performed using a technique based on the anatomy of the hyoid bone region.
Early outcomes after transoral CO2 laser resection of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: one centre's experience
Authors: Leong S C , Kathan C , Mortimore S 
Published: December 2009

AbstractObjectives:To review early oncological outcomes following transoral CO2 laser resection of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.Design:Retrospective review of hospital electronic database.Setting:Large district general hospital in England, UK.Main outcome measures:Patients' three-year disease-specific survival and disease-free survival were evaluated, including post-operative complications, voice quality and swallowing status.Results:Seventy-seven patients (16 women and 61 men) were identified. Transoral laser excision of squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx was undergone by 65 patients, and the same procedure in the hypopharynx by 12. Patients with laryngeal cancer had statistically better disease-specific survival than those with hypopharyngeal cancer (p = 0.021), although the cumulative disease-free survival probability was 0.71 for both larynx and hypopharynx groups. Patients who underwent laryngectomy following failed laser treatment or as a salvage procedure had poorer outcomes.Conclusions:The overall results of this study were comparable with those of other, larger studies. At three-year follow up, cumulative disease-specific survival probabilities were 0.92 and 0.71 for laryngeal and hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, respectively.
Simulation in ENT medical education
Authors: Abou-Elhamd K-E A , Al-Sultan A I , Rashad U M 
Published: December 2009

AbstractObjectives:Computer-based medical simulation has recently been adopted as a new method of medical education. This paper reviews the uses of medical simulation within the ENT specialty, and reports how such simulation is used in Al-Ahsa College of Medicine, Saudi Arabia.Methods:We review our use of a simulation laboratory in ENT training. Students are taught ENT anatomy using physical models, ear diseases using physical models, and ENT examination by watching video recordings, and are taught the principles of common ENT surgery using a computerised mannequin (for laryngoscopy and bronchoscopy). A haptic temporal bone surgery simulator is used for mastoidectomy and functional endoscopic sinus surgery training, and a mannequin for cricothyrotomy and tracheotomy training.Conclusion:The use of such simulation methods has greatly improved our students' perception and comprehension.
Dizziness, migrainous vertigo and psychiatric disorders
Authors: Teggi R , Caldirola D , Colombo B , Perna G , Comi G , Bellodi L , Bussi M 
Published: December 2009

AbstractObjectives:This study sought to establish the prevalence of vestibular disorders, migraine and definite migrainous vertigo in patients with psychiatric disorders who were referred for treatment of dizziness, without a lifetime history of vertigo.Study design:Retrospective study.Setting:Out-patients in a university hospital.Materials and methods:Fifty-two dizzy patients with panic disorders and agoraphobia, 30 with panic disorders without agoraphobia, and 20 with depressive disorders underwent otoneurological screening with bithermal caloric stimulation. The prevalence of migraine and migrainous vertigo was assessed. The level of dizziness was evaluated using the Dizziness Handicap Inventory.Results:Dizzy patients with panic disorders and agoraphobia had a significantlyp = 0.05 regarding the prevalence of peripheral vestibular abnormalities in the group of subjects with PD and agoraphobia and in those with depressive disorders. Migraine was equally represented in the three groups, but panic disorder patients had a higher prevalence of migrainous vertigo definite migrainous vertigo. Almost all patients with a peripheral vestibular disorder had a final diagnosis of definite migrainous vertigo according to Neuhauser criteria. These patients had higher Dizziness Handicap Inventory scores. The Dizziness Handicap Inventory total score was higher in the subgroup of patients with panic disorders with agoraphobia also presenting unilateral reduced caloric responses or definite migrainous vertigo, compared with the subgroup of remaining subjects with panic disorders with agoraphobia (p < 0.001).Conclusions:Our data support the hypothesis that, in patients with panic disorders (and especially those with additional agoraphobia), dizziness may be linked to malfunction of the vestibular system. However, the data are not inconsistent with the hypothesis that migrainous vertigo is the most common pathophysiological mechanism for vestibular disorders.
The Mexican Supreme Court and the Juntas de Conciliación y Arbitraje, 1917–1924: The Judicialisation of Labour Relations after the Revolution
Authors: SUAREZ-POTTS WILLIAM J. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThis article reviews Mexican Supreme Court decisions concerning the legal status of juntas de conciliación y arbitraje (state labour boards of conciliation and arbitration) between 1917 and 1924. During this period the Court played an important role in legitimising these administrative boards, which have since become a constituent part of Mexico's state–labour regime. This examination of the Court's decisions shows how judge-made law contributed to the evolution of industrial relations in the country in the early 1920s. Furthermore, the article's discussion of the connection between the Court's evolving case law and its changing membership in this period indicates how its legal decisions were sensitive to political changes. This presents an early instance of the more recent trend toward the judicialisation of politics in Latin America.
The squaring operation on -generators of the Dickson algebra.
Authors: HƯNG NGUYỄN H. V. , QUỲNH VÕ T. N. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractWe study the squaring operation Sq0 on the dual of the minimal -generators of the Dickson algebra. We show that this squaring operation is isomorphic on its image. We also give vanishing results for this operation in some cases. As a consequence, we prove that the Lannes–Zarati homomorphism vanishes (1) on every element in any finite Sq0-family in $Ext_{\cala}^*(\Fd, \Fd)$ except possibly the family initial element, and (2) on almost all known elements in the Ext group. This verifies a part of the algebraic version of the classical conjecture on spherical classes.
Epilogue: Anxieties About Culture and Tradition—Property as Reification
Authors: Busse Mark 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe articles in this special issue on intellectual property in the Pacific document anxieties about culture and tradition, and about the intrusion of ideas of property into previously uncommodified areas of peoples' lives. These include fears that traditional knowledge and skills are not being passed on to young people (Nason and Peter; Pigliasco); that migrants in a globalized world will take aspects of culture with them when they leave (Nason and Peter); that anthropologists and other scholars will wrongfully appropriate and use aspects of the cultures they study for their own benefit (Van Meijl); and that profits from the commercialization of traditional knowledge, practices, and products will not go to the people who consider themselves their owners and caretakers (Lindstrom). In addition, Jo Recht's contribution provides a discussion of attempts to protect culture and tradition through international conventions and national laws. Finally, Andrew Moutu and Michael Goldsmith describe claims of ownership over aspects of nature to reflect on fundamental aspects of intellectual property and ownership more generally.
Who Owns Native Nature? Discourses of Rights to Land, Culture, and Knowledge in New Zealand
Authors: Goldsmith Michael 
Published: December 2009

AbstractMichael Brown famously asked ‘Who owns native culture?’ This paper revisits that question by analyzing what happens to culture when the culturally defined boundary between it and nature becomes salient in the context of disputes between indigenous and settler populations. My case study is the dispute between the New Zealand government and Maori tribal groupings concerning ownership of the foreshore and seabed. Having been granted the right to test their claims in court in 2003, Maori groups were enraged when the government legislated the right out of existence in 2004. Though the reasons for doing so were clearly political, contrasting cultural assumptions appeared to set Maori and Pakeha (New Zealanders of European origin) at odds. While couching ownership of part of nature as an IPR issue may seem counter-intuitive, I argue that as soon as a property claim destabilizes the nature/culture boundary, IPR discourse becomes pertinent.
The Dialectic of Creativity and Ownership in Intellectual Property Discourse
Authors: Moutu Andrew 
Published: December 2009

AbstractOwnership is often understood merely as a function of social relations, that is, it emerges merely because of the relations between people with respect to the things that they own. Concomitantly ownership is also seen as being dependent upon creativity to bring its force into motion. Far from dismissing such a view of ownership, it is acknowledged that such a view possibly comes from a world that is preoccupied with creativity. This discussion aims to show a particular kind of dialectic between creativity and ownership that underlies discourses about intellectual property especially in countries like Papua New Guinea. Through an ethnographic concern with personal names and their attendant claims to ownership and creativity, this paper aims to show how two trajectories of ownership co-exist in a Papua New Guinea society.
Māori Intellectual Property Rights and the Formation of Ethnic Boundaries
Authors: van Meijl Toon 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThis article questions and contextualizes the emergence of a discourse of intellectual property rights in Māori society. It is argued that Māori claims regarding intellectual property function primarily to demarcate ethnic boundaries between Māori and non-Māori. Māori consider the reinforcement of ethnic boundaries necessary since they experience their society and distinctive way of life as endangered both by the foreign consumption or misappropriation of aspects of their authentic cultural forms and by the intrusion of foreign cultural elements. Following Simon Harrison (1999) it is argued that the first threat is often represented as an undesired form of cultural appropriation, piracy or theft, while the second threat is viewed as a form of cultural pollution. This argument is elaborated with a case-study of each so-called danger, namely a claim regarding native flora and fauna submitted to the Waitangi Tribunal, which is considered as an example of resistance against cultural appropriation, and the increasing hostility of Māori to foreign interest and research in Māori culture and society, which is analysed as an example of opposition to putative pollution.