bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Priming response to inflammatory mediators in hyperreactive peripheral neutrophils from adult periodontitis
Authors: Gustafsson A. , Åsman B. , Bergstrom K. 
Published: August 2010

OBJECTIVES: To study the response to in vitro priming of peripheral neutrophils from patients with periodontitis compared to healthy controlS. Peripheral neutrophils from these patients had shown increased production of oxygen radicals after activation with opsonized bacteria and a difference in priming response could suggest an explanation for this hyperreactivity.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Peripheral neutrophils from a group of patients with periodontitis and from age‐and sex‐matched controls were preincubated with tumor necrosis factor α, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), formylmethionyl‐leucyl‐phenylalanine and the tetra peptide arginyl‐glycyl‐aspartate‐serine. After preincubation, the cells were activated with gammaglobulin opsonized‐bacteria, i.e., a FcγR‐stimulation. The priming effect was assessed as the production of oxygen radicals and as the degranulation or primary granules.RESULTS: Showed that the patients had a slightly lower responsiveness to priming than had the controls. This difference in priming response was most pronounced when measured as degranulation of primary granules after preincubation with LPS and 20 min of activation.CONCLUSIONS: This study shows no difference in response to priming, with optimal concentrations of inflammatory mediators, between peripheral neutrophils from patients with adult periodontitis and healthy controls.
A prospective study of oral lesions and their predictive value for progression of HIV disease
Authors: Begg MD , Lamster IB , Panageas KS , Mitchell‐Lewis D. , Phelan JA , Grbic JT 
Published: August 2010

OBJECTIVE: This report evaluates and compares individual oral lesions and combinations of lesions in predicting progression‐free survival in a seroprevalent cohort of men and women with HIV infection. DESIGN: This was a prospective study of HIV‐infected patients, initially AIDS‐free, followed for approximately 30 months.SETTING: Patients were volunteers examined at an academic medical center and at an inner‐city hospital in New York. Participants identified themselves as homosexual men or as injection drug users (IDU).OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome being assessed is time from a baseline oral examination until the development of an AIDS‐defining condition or death from any cause within 12 months of the last study visit. Correlation is measured by relative risk (RR).RESULTS: While oral lesions were not predictive of progression among subjects with CD4s=200, they were highly predictive of progression among those with CD4<200.For subjects with CD4<200, the only individual lesion that was significantly associated with progression‐free survival was oral candidiasis (RR=4.12, P= 0.009).Positivity for one or more lesions in a set demonstrated greater prognostic value among those with CD4<200, with RR's of 6.03 (P= 0.018) for the set consisting of oral candidiasis, hairy leukoplakia, and necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (NUG), and 8.77 (P= 0.036) for the set consisting of the above lesions plus linear gingival erythema (LGE).Analysis by cohort suggested that the improvement in correlation was stronger in homosexual men than in IDU, but this question could not be resolved conclusively with these data.CONCLUSIONS: Lesion sets might be better prognosti‐cators of progression‐free survival than individual lesions among HIV‐infected subjects with CD4<200.Prognostic value of the core lesion set (oral candidiasis and hairy leukoplakia) was enhanced by the addition of other lesions (NUG and LGE) not usually included in HIV staging systems. These results suggest that staging systems for HIV might be improved by the inclusion of other, survival‐related oral lesions.
Cancer‐promoting effect of Taiwan betel quid in hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis
Authors: Lin LM , Chen YK , Lai DR , Huang YL , Chen HR 
Published: August 2010

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the cancer‐promoting effect of Taiwan betel quid in hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two hundred and fifty‐two non‐inbred mate adult Syrian golden hamsters were randomly divided into six groups, each containing forty‐two animalS. A treatment regimen over a 14‐week experimental period was employed with six animals per group being killed at seven different periods (every 2 weeks). The right buccal pouch of each animal was painted three times a week with various combinations of 7, 12‐dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA), Taiwan betel quid extract, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and mineral oil.RESULT: Both the number and size of tumors in animals concurrently treated with DMBA and betel quid were significantly higher than those in animals treated with DMBA alone in each killing period of 8, 10, 12 and 14 weekS. No visible tumors but hyperkeratosis and acanthosis were observed in pouches treated with betel quid alone for all killing periods.CONCLUSION: Our results indicate Taiwan betel quid may be a co‐carcinogen in human oral carcinogenesis, if extrapolation can be made from the current animal study.
Plaque formation and gingivitis after supervised mouthrinsing with 0.2% delmopinol hydrochloride, 0.2% chlorhexidine digluconate and placebo for 6 months
Authors: Lang NP , Hase JC , Grassi M , Hämmerle CHF , Weigel C , Kelty E , Frutig F 
Published: August 2010

OBJECTIVES AND METHODS: A double‐blind, randomized, 6‐month clinical trial with parallel group design in 162 patients with gingivitis divided into three rinsing groups was conducted in order to study the efficacy and safety of a flavoured solution of delmopinol hydrochloride 2 mg ml“‘ (0.2% w/v, Decapinol Mouthwash”®) used for supervised mouthrinsing in one rinsing group, in comparison with chlorhexidine digluconate 2 mg ml‐1 (0.2% w/v, Hibitane Dental’a, b) in a second rinsing group, and placebo in the third group. The criteria of the Plaque Index (PI) were used to assess plaque formation. Bleeding on probing (BOP) to the bottom of the pocket with a standard pressure was used as the primary gingivitis assessment. The occurrence of supragingival dental calculus and extrinsic tooth staining were also assessed. In addition, patients were asked to report adverse events at each visit.RESULTS: Delmopinol and chlorhexidine exhibited lower scores of the mean PI and the BOP percentage than placebo, both at the 3‐month and 6‐month examinations. Furthermore, both active solutions showed a higher extent of staining of the teeth than placebo during these two observation periods. Rinsing with chlorhexidine resulted in more dental calculus than placebo after 6 months. Chlorhexidine showed lower scores for plaque formation and gingivitis development but higher scores of supragingival dental calculus (after 6 months) and tooth staining than did delmopinol. Both active solutions were reported by the patients–approximately to the same extent but more frequently than placebo–to induce taste alterations and a transient anaesthetic sensation of the oral mucosa. However, subjective staining of the teeth and tongue was reported by 16% of the delmopinol patients, but by 86% of the patients rinsing with chlorhexidine for 6 months. Furthermore, 24% of the patients in the chlorhexidine group, 9% in the delmopinol group and 4% in the placebo group wished to withdraw from treatment.CONCLUSIONS: The results from this clinical trial indicate that supervised rinsing with 0.2% delmopinol hydrochloride or with 0.2% chlorhexidine digluconate twice daily for 60 s as a supplement to normal mechanical oral hygiene procedures resulted in less plaque formation and gingivitis than rinsing with placebo. Although chlorhexidine was more effective than delmopinol regarding plaque formation and gingivitis, it was considered by the patients as less tolerable.
Hyaluronan and CD44 expression in minor salivary gland tumors
Authors: Xing R , Regezi JA , Stern M , Shuster S , Stern R 
Published: August 2010

OBJECTIVES: Hyaluronan (HA) and CD44 are most likely associated with tumor invasion and metastasis. Malignancies with different degrees of aggressiveness may express different levels and patterns of HA and CD44. The aim of this project was to examine the distribution of HA and CD44 in minor salivary gland tumors to determine if staining could be correlated with biologic behavior or tumor type.MATERIALS AND METHODS:Biotinylated hyaluronan binding protein as a probe for HA and monoclonal antibodies specific for CD44 were used to stain classic examples of the five most commonly encountered minor salivary gland tumors: monomorphic adenomas, pleomorphic adenomas, polymorphous low grade adenocarcinomas, mucoepidermoid carcinomas, and adenoid cystic carcinomas.RESULTS:Tumor cells of monomorphic adenomas were negative for both HA and CD44, and tumor capsules were intensely HA‐positive. Pleomorphic adenomas exhibited HA and CD44 positivity in both mesenchymal and epithelial components, and HA in capsular tissues. All malignant salivary gland tumors expressed similar intense HA in tumor stroma. HA staining was more intense in stroma than in parenchymal cells. Tumor cells of most adenoid cystic carcinomas were HA‐positive, while most polymorphous low grade adenocarcinomas were HA‐negative. HA was uniformly distributed throughout supporting stroma of high and low grade malignancies, except for two polymorphous low grade adenocarcinomas (PLGAs) in which HA was more intense at the invading edge of the tumors. CD44 expression was seen only in tumor cells (not stroma) of malignancies, and was of similar intensity in both low and high grade tumors.CONCLUSIONS:Differences in the expression of HA and CD44 among different types of salivary gland tumors were noted. These findings, however, could not be correlated with known biologic behaviors of the tumor groups studied. Immunohistochemical staining of salivary gland tumors for HA and CD44 may be useful in separating monomorphic adenoma, polymorphous low grade adenocarcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma, lesions that may be difficult to distinguish with routine light microscopy.
Prostaglandin E2 levels in blood plasma and in crevicular fluid of advanced periodontitis patients before and after surgical therapy
Authors: Leibur E , Tuhkanen A , Pintson Ü , Söder P‐Ö 
Published: August 2010

AIM: The aim of the study was to determine PGE2 levels in venous blood plasma (VBP), gingival blood plasma (GBP) and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in advanced periodontal patients before and after 6 months surgical treatment.PATIENTS AND METHODS: There were 12 patients aged 28–45 years and seven healthy subjects as controls included into the study. Clinical parameters such as PLI, GI, BI, PD, AL and bone height % from radiographs were recorded before and after treatment. PGE2 levels were determined by radioimmunoassay (125 I RIA Kit, NEN®).RESULTS: Before treatment the mean VBP, GBP and GCF PGE2 levels in periodontal patients were higher than healthy controls (P < 0.001, Student's t‐test). Six months after treatment the mean levels of PGE2 in VBP, GBP and GCF were significantly reduced in patients with improvement of clinical and roentgenological parameters (P < 0.001, Student's t‐test).CONCLUSIONS: It can be concluded that PGE2 is involved in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. The inflamed periodontal tissues may produce significant amount of PGE2 and the degree of inflammation might be determined by the ratios of PGE2. The lower levels of PGE2 in blood plasma and in gingival crevicular fluid after treatment are signs of improvement of periodontal disease.
Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology: Bcl‐2 expression in sequential biopsies of potentially malignant oral mucosal lesions assessed by immunocytochemistry
Authors: McAlinden RL , Maxwell P , Napier S , Hamilton P , Cowan CG , Lundy FT , Lamey P‐J , Marley JJ 
Published: August 2010

OBJECTIVE: To examine, for the first time Bcl‐2 expression in sequential (autogenous) oral mucosal biopsies taken from the same sites in a gender, risk‐factor matched, Caucasoid sample, over a 21‐year period.DESIGN: Retrospective immunocytochemical longitudinal study of archival serial biopsies.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Computer records were used to identify biopsy specimens derived from 12 patients. These were divided into four groups: (1) Histologically innocuous lesions which remained histologically innocuous. (2) Dysplastic lesions which remained dysplastic. (3) Histologically innocuous lesions which later progressed to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). (4) Dysplastic lesions which later progressed to SCC. This represented 65 biopsies in total. Bcl‐2 expression was studied using mouse antihuman BCL‐2 oncoprotein clone 124 (Dako, Denmark).RESULTS: Generally, there was a lack of Bcl‐2 immuno‐reactivity in the epithelium, with one exception in dysplastic epithelium from a group (3) patient.CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that in our series, Bcl‐2 is not expressed early in oral premalignant lesions and appears to contradict previous reports. Possible explanations for this disparity are considered.
Diabetic foot infections in the elderly: primary amputation versus ‘foot‐sparing surgery’. A case report
Authors: Leon Luis R. , Psalms Shemuel B , Walters Jodi 
Published: August 2010

AbstractRenal failure diabetic patients who present with lower extremity gangrene represent one of the most difficult problems encountered in a typical vascular practice. We report the hospital course and management of a 74‐year‐old male patient with such comorbidities, affected by a non healing ulcer that progressed into a large plantar abscess. Our case unfortunately mirrors a common method of evaluation and therapy of patients with such comorbidities and sets up the stage for a very controversial subject.
Prevalence of Erectile Dysfunction in Systolic Heart Failure Patients in a Developing Country: Tbilisi, Georgia, Eastern Europe
Authors: Hebert Kathy , Anand Jatin , Trahan Pat , Delgado Maria , Greene Joseph , Julian Elyse , Cuomo Jason , Gogichaishvili Ilia , Nozadze Nino , Dias Andre , Arcement Lee 
Published: August 2010

ABSTRACT

Introduction
In the past decade, there has been an increasing amount of published information regarding erectile dysfunction (ED) and heart failure (HF) in economically advanced, westernized populations. However, there is a paucity of data regarding ED and HF in developing countries. The country of Georgia is categorized as a lower-middle-income country (LMIC) with an emerging and developing economy.

Aim
To examine the prevalence of ED in patients with HF from a developing and LMIC and assess the association with depression.

Methods
We conducted an observational, cross-sectional study that included male patients 18 years of age or older with an ejection fraction ≤40% by echocardiogram in a heart failure disease management program in Tbilisi, Georgia. The Sexual Health Inventory for Men (SHIM) survey was used to categorize men according to degree of ED. Baseline clinical characteristics known to be associated with ED, such as New York Heart Association functional classification, were also documented.

Main Outcome Measures
The SHIM survey and the nine-question Patient Health Questionnaire.

Results
The prevalence of ED was found to be 61.7%. Patients with ED were generally older, had more peripheral vascular disease, and had greater levels of depression than those without ED.

Conclusions
There is a high prevalence of ED in patients with HF living in Tbilisi, Georgia. In comparison to previously published data on HF populations, our Georgian population showed lesser degrees of ED. More research is needed to better explain the causality for lower prevalence of ED, but explanations may include lower degrees of diabetes and aspects of treatment such as beta-blocker medication. Health care providers in LMICs should screen all of their male HF patients for ED and provide appropriate therapy.
Calculation of Elapsed Decimal Time for Tracing Studies
Authors: Field Malcolm S. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractCalculation of time of travel from tracing studies in hydrologic systems is critical to establishing pollutant arrival times from points of inflow to points outflow, calculating subsurface flow velocities, and determining other important transport parameters such as longitudinal dispersion. In addition, breakthrough curve modeling demands accurate time of travel calculations if model results are to have any realistic meaning. However, accurate time of travel calculations are very difficult for long tracer tests in which sampling schedules are not consistent, or when there are major disruptions such as may occur when adverse weather conditions cause automatic sampling equipment to fail. Long and inconsistent sampling times may be accurately converted to decimal times of travel by converting the conventionally recorded Coordinated Universal Time for sampling date and time event to a baseline time standard. By converting to a baseline time standard, all recorded dates and times are linked to the established baseline standard so that each succeeding sampling date and time are correctly determined relative to the previous sampling date and time and to the injection date and time.
Reduction of hydraulic conductivity and reactivity in zero‐valent iron columns by oxygen and TNT
Authors: Johnson R.L. , Tratnyek P.G. , Miehr R. , Thoms R.B. , Bandstra J.Z. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe degradation of 2,4,6‐trinitrotoluene (TNT) and other explosives by zero‐valent iron (ZVI) is rapid and, as a result, potentially useful for both ex situ ground water “pump‐and‐treat” systems and in situ permeable reactive barriers. However, the usefulness of ZVI in either configuration may be limited by reaction‐induced reduction in both hydraulic conductivity (K) and reactivity (as represented by the surface area–normalized rate constant, ksa). The impacts of dissolved oxygen and TNT on K and ksa are examined here using field and laboratory columns. The data suggest that K reduction in ZVI columns can be significant when dissolved oxygen is present. However, when TNT is present at approximately the same concentration (10 mg/L), it does not cause significant reduction in K. In contrast, TNT causes a significant reduction in ksa, while dissolved oxygen appears to have relatively little impact on the reactivity of the columns toward TNT.
Interpreting DNAPL saturations in a laboratory‐scale injection using one‐ and two‐dimensional modeling of GPR data
Authors: Johnson Raymond H. , Poeter Eileen P. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractGround‐penetrating radar (GPR) is used to track a dense non–aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) injection in a laboratory sand tank. Before modeling, the GPR data provide a qualitative image of DNAPL saturation and movement. One‐dimensional (1D) GPR modeling provides a quantitative interpretation of DNAPL volume within a given thickness during and after the injection. DNAPL saturation in sublayers of a specified thickness could not be quantified because calibration of the 1D GPR model is nonunique when both permittivity and depth of multiple layers are unknown. One‐dimensional GPR modeling of the sand tank indicates geometric interferences in a small portion of the tank. These influences are removed from the interpretation using an alternate matching target. Two‐dimensional (2D) GPR modeling provides a qualitative interpretation of the DNAPL distribution through pattern matching and tests for possible 2D influences that are not accounted for in the 1D GPR modeling. Accurate quantitative interpretation of DNAPL volumes using GPR modeling requires (1) identification of a suitable target that produces a strong reflection and is not subject to any geometric interference; (2) knowledge of the exact depth of that target; and (3) use of two‐way radar‐wave travel times through the medium to the target to determine the permittivity of the intervening material, which eliminates reliance on signal amplitude. With geologic conditions that are suitable for GPR surveys (i.e., shallow depths, low electrical conductivities, and a known reflective target), the procedures in this laboratory study can be adapted to a field site to delineate shallow DNAPL source zones.
Bioremediation of cis‐DCE at a Sulfidogenic Site by Amendment with Propionate
Authors: Hoelen T.P. , Cunningham J.A. , Hopkins G.D. , Lebrón C.A. , Reinhard M. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe technical feasibility of in situ reductive dechlorination of cis‐dichloroethene (cDCE) and vinyl chloride (VC) was demonstrated at a sulfidogenic ground water site. Preceding laboratory studies had indicated that dechlorination at the site was limited by the supply of electron donors, that dechlorinating activity was sparsely and heterogeneously distributed, and that dechlorination was strongly enhanced by mixing sediments from multiple locations at the site. Based on these observations, the remediation strategy consisted of amending the ground water with sodium propionate solution using a pair of recirculation wells as a mixing device. This strategy was able to overcome the sparse initial distribution of biological activity by creating a treatment zone. Dechlorination and sulfate reduction commenced within 10 and 4 d, respectively, after propionate amendment began. Dechlorination efficiency increased during the 2 months of continuous operation. By the end of the 2 months, treatment converted ∼1000 μg/L cDCE nearly stoichiometrically into ethene, with only low concentrations of VC remaining. More than 90% of chlorinated ethenes were removed as the ground water traveled from one well to the other (travel time of ∼1 to 2 weeks). Near‐complete removal of ∼250 mg/L sulfate accompanied the rapid dechlorination, but no methanogenesis was observed. Aquifer clogging in the vicinity of the propionate injection wells became evident after ∼40 d of propionate amendment and was attributed to the growth of sulfate‐reducing bacteria and/or the formation of insoluble metal sulfides. Clogging was mitigated by pulsed amendment of the propionate solution.