bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly Sensitive Fluorometric Hg2+ Biosensor with a Mercury(II)‐Speci?c Oligonucleotide (MSO) Probe and Water‐Soluble Graphene Oxide (WSGO)
Authors: Liu Xingfen , Miao Likun , Jiang Xu , Ma Yanwen , Fan Quli , Huang Wei 
Published: June 2011

AbstractA highly sensitive and selective, "turn‐on" and simple Hg2+ biosensor is reported by using water‐soluble graphene oxide (WSGO) and dye‐labeled mercury(II)‐specific oligonucleotide (MSO) probe. The probe is rich of thymine (T) and can readily form the stem‐loop structure which consists of the T‐Hg2+‐T configuration. In the absence of Hg2+, the probe exists as a random coil conformation which can be readily adsorbed on the surface of WSGO by strong noncovalent binding of bases, as a result, the fluorescence of the dye labeled on the terminus of the MSO is strongly quenched by the efficient electron/energy transfer from the dye to WSGO. Upon addition of Hg2+, the formation of the T‐Hg2+‐T structure releases the MSO from the surface of WSGO, resulting in a restoration of the fluorescence of dye‐labeled MSO probe. Based on this observation, a highly sensitive and selective Hg2+ sensor is developed, which can work with "turn‐on" mode in aqueous solutions at room temperature. By using the fluorometric method, the limit of detection for Hg2+ can reach picomolar range (187 pmol·L−1), and it is demonstrated that the biosensor is highly selective and only minimally perturbed by a wide range of non‐specific metal ions.
Microcalorimetric Investigation of Toxic Effects of Three Injectable Solubilizing Excipients on Tetrahymena thermophila BF5 Growth
Authors: Yan Dan , Zhang Shaofeng , Han Yumei , Yang Ming , Qi Yun , Xiao Xiaohe 
Published: June 2011

AbstractUsing microcalorimetry, thermal metabolic curves of Tetrahymena thermophila BF5 (T. thermophila BF5) growth at 28°C affected by three injectable solubilizing excipients (ISE) including tween 80, hydroxypropyl‐β‐cyclodextrin (HP‐β‐CD) and poloxamer 188 were measured. Meanwhile, the toxicities of three ISE were evaluated by dynamic parameters of thermal metabolic curves. In addition, the irritative effects of the ISE on myoblast L6 cells were investigated to show their cytotoxicities by biochemical method. The results indicated that the effects of the ISE on T. thermophila BF5 varied for different ISE. 5% inhibition concentration values (IC5) of the ISE were 1.33, 1.83 and 1.64 mg/mL for tween 80, HP‐β‐CD and poloxamer 188, respectively. By the principal component analysis (PCA), the total quantity of heat (Q), growth rate constant (k) and second maximum power (P2) were selected as the main characteristic parameters to present their toxicities, there were good linear relationships between Q, k, P2 and concentrations c, suggesting that the toxicities of the ISE on T. thermophila BF5 were closely linked to their concentrations. The results of creatine kinase (CK) bioassay of myoblast L6 cells indicated that the sequence of irritative effects of the ISE was HP‐β‐CD<poloxamer 188<tween 80, which added to the results obtained from microcalorimetry.
Mechanism of Conformational Transition of Silk Fibroin in Alcohol‐water Mixtures
Authors: Ma Lin , He Weiren , Huang Aimin , Li Lishuo , Wei Qiaona , Huang Zilun 
Published: June 2011

AbstractCircular dichroism, intrinsic fluorescence of protein and exogenous fluorescence probe of 8‐anilino‐1‐naphtha‐ lenesulfonic acid hemimagnesium salt (ANS) was used to investigate the mechanism of conformational change of silk fibroin (SF) in aqueous alcohol including methanol and ethanol. The conformational transition of SF from random coil to β‐sheet was found to be of a close relationship with the microstructure of the solvent. The alcohol‐water mixture at low concentration had little effect on the solvation of the peptide unit, as the inherent water structure was conserved. At high alcohol concentration, the transition from the tetrahedral‐like water structure to the chain‐like alcohol structure in the mixtures induced a β‐sheet conformation of SF, as a result of the formation of intramolecular hydrogen bond between the peptide units in order to eliminate the thermodynamic unfavorite from the contact to the solvent molecules. Meanwhile, the aggregating of hydrophobic side chains was decreased by the alcohol via the destruction of hydrogen bond network of water by alcohol and the binding of alcohol to hydrophobic group.
Synthesis and Characterization of Two New Chiral Copper(II) Compounds Constructed from (+)‐N‐Tosyl‐L‐glutamic Acid
Authors: He Rong , Song Huihua , Wu Lili , Wei Zhen , Wang Tao 
Published: June 2011

AbstractChiral coordination polymers have attracted intense interest mainly due to their potential applications. Hence, two new chiral copper(II) coordination polymers {[Cu(tsgluO)(H2O)]2·3H2O}n (1) and [Cu(tsgluO)(2,2′‐bipy)]n (2) (H2tsglu(+)‐N‐tosyl‐l‐glutamic acid; 2,2′‐bipy2,2′‐bipyridine) were synthesized in the absence or presence of 2,2′‐bipy ligand and structurally characterized. A single crystal X‐ray diffraction study revealed that compound 1 consists of a paddle‐wheel dicopper(II) core, which links other equivalents via four tsgluO2− ligands to form a 1D double chain. Such a chain is further interconnected through weak π‐π stacking and hydrogen bonding interactions to form a 3D H‐bonded supramolecular structure with 1D channels hosting lattice water molecules. Whereas, compound 2, containing the coordinating 2,2′‐bipy, gives rise to a ladder‐like 1D double chain. Antiferromagnetic interactions were observed in 1 and 2.
Synthesis and Characterization of Cobalt(II) and Copper(II) Tricyanomethanide (tcm) Complexes with 2,2′‐Dipyridyl N,N′‐Dioxide (dpdo) as Co‐ligands:[Co(dpdo)(tcm)2], [Cu(dpdo)(tcm)2] and Cu(dpdo)2(tcm)2
Authors: Luo Jun , Qiu Lijuan , Liu Baoshu , Gao Yue , Zhang Xinrong , Yang Feng , Cui Lili 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThree new transition metal tricyanomethanide complexes [Co(dpdo)(tcm)2] (1), [Cu(dpdo)(tcm)2] (2) and Cu(dpdo)2(tcm)2 (3) were synthesized and structurally characterized. In compound 1 each Co(II) ion is coordinated to four disorder tcm anions and one dpdo molecule to give a distorted octahedral geometry. In compound 2 each Cu(II) ion is surrounded by four tcm anions and one dpdo ligand to form a square bipyramidal geometry. Both compounds 1 and 2 display a µ1,5‐tcm bridged infinite chain structure. Interestingly, in compound 3 coordination geometry around the central ion is square‐planar, each Cu(II) ion is coordinated by two dpdo molecules to form a cationic part, the cationic parts is linked with the free tcm anionic parts via electrostatic attraction, leading to the formation of a mononuclear structure. Magnetic susceptibility measurement in the range 2–300 K indicates that there are antiferromagnetic couplings between adjacent metal ions in 1 (θ=−2.33 K, C=2.13 cm3·mol−1·K) and 2 (J=−0.30, g=2.20) respectively.
Synthesis, Characterization and Thermal Properties of Energetic Compounds Derived from 3‐Amino‐4‐(tetrazol‐5‐yl)furazan
Authors: Wang Bozhou , Zhang Guofang , Huo Huan , Fan Yanjie , Fan Xuezhong 
Published: June 2011

AbstractFive energetic compounds, 3,3‐bis(tetrazol‐5‐yl)‐4,4‐azofurazan (DTZAF), 3‐nitro‐4‐(tetrazol‐5‐yl)furazan (NTZF), hydrazinium 3‐amino‐4‐(tetrazol‐5‐yl)furazan (HATZF), triaminoguanidinium 3‐amino‐4‐(tetrazol‐ 5‐yl)furazan (TAGATZF) and guanylureaium 3‐amino‐4‐(tetrazol‐5‐yl)furazan (MATZF), were prepared using 3‐amino‐4‐(tetrazol‐5‐yl)furazan (ATZF) as starting material and their structures were characterized by FT‐IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and elemental analysis. The properties of NTZF were estimated:density is 1.67 g/cm3, enthalpy of formation +415.41 kJ/mol and detonation velocity 8257.83 m/s. The main thermal properties of four compounds, DTZAF, HATZF, TAGATZF and MATZF, were analyzed by TG and DSC techniques and the results showed that their melting points are 251.9, 159.7, 205.4 and 211.4°C, respectively, and their first decomposition temperatures are 256.7, 258.6, 231.7 and 268.6°C, respectively. The fact that their decomposition temperatures were over 230°C showed that they exhibit better thermal stability.
A Convenient Synthesis of 2‐Oxazolines and 2‐Benoxazoles with PPh3‐DDQ as the Dehydrating Reagent
Authors: Xu Quancai , Li Zhengning , Chen Huiying 
Published: June 2011

Abstract2‐Oxazolines and 2‐benoxazoles were synthesized in high yields from acylamino alcohols and acylamino‐ phenols, respectively, with triphenylphosphine‐2,3‐dichloro‐5,6‐dicyanobenzoquinone (PPh3‐DDQ) as the dehydrating and activating reagent. The synthesis was accomplished under neutral conditions.
Stereoselective Synthesis of Functionalized 1,3‐Dienes in Water
Authors: Rostami Charati Faramarz , Hossaini Zinatossadat , Moghaddasi‐Kouchaksaraei Fatemeh , Hajinasiri Rahimeh 
Published: June 2011

AbstractAn efficient synthesis of functionalized 1,3‐dienes via one‐pot reactions between dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates?, 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds and secondary amines in ?water as the solvent is described. The mild reaction condition high yields and the ?new products are advantages of our method.
SO3H‐Functionalized Ionic Liquids:Green, Efficient and Reusable Catalysts for the Facile Dehydration of Aldoximes into Nitriles
Authors: Davoodnia Abolghasem , Khojastehnezhad Amir , Bakavoli Mehdi , Tavakoli‐Hoseini Niloofar 
Published: June 2011

AbstractEasily synthesized aldoximes have been converted to the corresponding nitriles under very mild conditions by a simple reaction using two halogen‐free SO3H‐functionalized ionic liquids, 3‐methyl‐1‐(4‐sulfonic acid)butylimi‐ dazolium hydrogen sulfate [MIM(CH2)4SO3H][HSO4] and 1‐(4‐sulfonic acid)butylpyridinium hydrogen sulfate [PY(CH2)4SO3H][HSO4], as catalyst and reaction medium without any additional organic solvent. The method was equally effective for aromatic aldoximes bearing electron‐donating and electron‐withdrawing substituents. Taking into account environmental and economical consideration, the protocol presented here has the merits of environmentally friendly, simple operation, easy work‐up and very good yields. The catalysts could be recycled and reused for several times without noticeably decreasing in their catalytic activities.
Stereoselective Synthesis of 1‐Aminocyclopropanecarboxylic Acid Derivatives via Ylide Cyclopropanation of Dehydroamino Acid Derivatives
Authors: Zhou Rui , Deng Xianming , Zheng Juncheng , Sheng Qi , Sun Xiuli , Tang Yong 
Published: June 2011

Abstract1‐Aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid derivatives are synthesized from readily available dehydroamino acid derivatives via sulfur ylide. A range of different ylides are employed and the corresponding aminocyclopropanes are afforded with reasonable diastereoselection in good yields.
Effect of Spironolactone on Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Structural Heart Disease
Authors: Williams Ryan S. , deLemos James A. , Dimas Vassilis , Reisch Joan , Hill Joseph A. , Naseem R. Haris 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackground:Several studies have shown that the modulation of fibrotic scar in cardiac diseases has beneficial effects on cardiac arrhythmias. In addition, recent reports suggest a potential role of mineralocorticoid receptor upregulation in atrial fibrillation (AF). The role of spironolactone, a mineralocorticoid receptor blocker and a potent antifibrotic agent, in AF is as yet unexplored. The aim of this study was to determine if spironolactone, a mineralocorticoid receptor blocker with potent antifibrotic properties, has beneficial effects on AF.Hypothesis:Spironolactone therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation provides additional clinical benefits in addition to the current conventional pharmacological agents.Methods:A comprehensive retrospective analysis was performed on 83 patients with AF, including 23 who were treated with spironolactone for ≥3 months. The combined primary outcome of hospitalization for AF or direct current cardioversion (DCCV) was compared between patients treated with spironolactone in addition to the usual care for AF and those receiving conventional medical therapy alone.Results:Patients receiving spironolactone had significantly fewer primary outcome events (AF‐related hospitalizations or DCCV) (22% vs 53%, P = 0.027).Conclusions:Spironolactone therapy is associated with a reduction in the burden of AF, as reflected by a combination of hospitalizations for AF and DCCV. Larger randomized controlled studies should be performed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of spironolactone as an adjunctive therapy for patients with AF. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.This work was supported by American Heart Association grants 0705170Y, 0830313N (RHN), and 0640084N (JAH), and National Institutes of Health grants HL‐075173, HL‐090842, and HL‐080144 (JAH). The authors have no other funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose.
Forebrain mapping of secretoneurin‐like immunoreactivity and its colocalization with isotocin in the preoptic nucleus and pituitary gland of goldfish
Authors: Canosa L.F. , Lopez G.C. , Scharrig E. , Lesaux‐Farmer K. , Somoza G.M. , Kah O. , Trudeau V.L. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractSecretoneurin, a 33–34 amino acid neuropeptide derived from the proteolytic processing of the secretogranin‐II precursor protein, is reasonably well conserved in evolution. Goldfish secretoneurin shares >75% similarity overall with other vertebrate secretoneurin sequences. The secretoneurin peptide has numerous functions that include neuroinflammation, neurotransmitter release, and neuroendocrine regulation. A detailed description of the central distribution of secretoneurin immunoreactivity is only known for the rat. Using our polyclonal antibody against the central, conserved core of the secretoneurin peptide we studied the distribution of secretoneurin‐like immunoreactivity in the goldfish brain. Secretoneurin immunoreactivity was found in the olfactory bulb, entopeduncular nucleus, preoptic nucleus, lateral part of the lateral tuberal nucleus, posterior periventricular nucleus, nucleus of the posterior recess, the nucleus of the saccus vasculosus, and nucleus isthmi. Secretoneurin‐immunoreactive fibers were found in the dorsal part of the dorsal telencephalon, ventral and lateral parts of the ventral telencephalon, periventricular preoptic nucleus, pituitary, and the ventrocaudal aspect of the nucleus of the lateral recess. The most conspicuous secretoneurin immunoreactivity was found in the magnocellular and parvocellular cells of the preoptic nucleus that project to the pituitary. Double‐labeling studies indicated coexpression with isotocin, the fish homolog of mammalian oxytocin. Clear colabeling for secretoneurin and isotocin in fibers terminating in the neurointermediate lobe suggests that secretoneurin maybe coreleased with isotocin. Previous work indicates that secretoneurin stimulates the release of luteinizing hormone from the goldfish anterior pituitary. Our findings further support a reproductive role for secretoneurin and related peptides, given the importance of oxytocin family peptides in reproductive behavior in vertebrates. J. Comp. Neurol. 519:3748‐3765, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Peroxiredoxin distribution in the mouse brain with emphasis on neuronal populations affected in neurodegenerative disorders
Authors: Goemaere Julie , Knoops Bernard 
Published: June 2011

AbstractRedox changes are observed in neurodegenerative diseases, ranging from increased levels of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species and disturbance of antioxidant systems, to nitro‐oxidative damage. By reducing hydrogen peroxide, peroxynitrite, and organic hydroperoxides, peroxiredoxins (Prdxs) represent a major potential protective barrier against nitro‐oxidative insults in the brain. While recent works have investigated the putative role of Prdxs in neurodegenerative disorders, less is known about their expression in the healthy brain. Here we used immunohistochemistry to map basal expression of Prdxs throughout C57BL/6 mouse brain. We first confirmed the neuronal localization of Prdx2–5 and the glial expression of Prdx1, Prdx4, and Prdx6. Then we performed an in‐depth analysis of neuronal Prdx distribution in the brain. Our results show that Prdx2–5 are widely detected in the different neuronal populations, and especially well expressed in the olfactory bulb, in the cerebral cortex, in pons nuclei, in the red nucleus, in all cranial nerve nuclei, in the cerebellum, and in motor neurons of the spinal cord. In contrast, Prdx expression is very low in the dopaminergic neurons of substantia nigra pars compacta and in the CA1/2 pyramidal cells of hippocampus. This low basal expression may contribute to the vulnerability of these neurons to nitro‐oxidative attacks occurring in Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. In addition, we found that Prdx expression levels are unevenly distributed among neurons of a determined region and that distinct regional patterns of expression are observed between isoforms, reinforcing the hypothesis of the nonredundant function of Prdxs. J. Comp. Neurol. 520:258–280, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Functional implications of limited leptin receptor and ghrelin receptor coexpression in the brain
Authors: Perello Mario , Scott Michael M. , Sakata Ichiro , Lee Charlotte E. , Chuang Jen‐Chieh , Osborne‐Lawrence Sherri , Rovinsky Sherry A. , Elmquist Joel K. , Zigman Jeffrey M. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe hormones leptin and ghrelin act in apposition to one another in the regulation of body weight homeostasis. Interestingly, both leptin receptor expression and ghrelin receptor expression have been observed within many of the same nuclei of the central nervous system (CNS), suggesting that these hormones may act on a common population of neurons to produce changes in food intake and energy expenditure. In the present study we explored the extent of this putative direct leptin and ghrelin interaction in the CNS and addressed the question of whether a loss of ghrelin signaling would affect sensitivity to leptin. Using histological mapping of leptin receptor and ghrelin receptor expression, we found that cells containing both leptin receptors and ghrelin receptors are mainly located in the medial part of the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus. In contrast, coexpression was much less extensive elsewhere in the brain. To assess the functional consequences of this observed receptor distribution, we explored the effect of ghrelin receptor deletion on leptin sensitivity. In particular, the responses of ad libitum‐fed, diet‐induced obese and fasted mice to the anorectic actions of leptin were examined. Surprisingly, we found that deletion of the ghrelin receptor did not affect the sensitivity to exogenously administrated leptin. Thus, we conclude that ghrelin and leptin act largely on distinct neuronal populations and that ghrelin receptor deficiency does not affect sensitivity to the anorexigenic and body weight‐lowering actions of leptin. J. Comp. Neurol. 520:281–294, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Organization of the serotonergic innervation of the feeding (buccal) musculature during the maturation of the pond snailLymnaea stagnalis: A morphological and biochemical study
Authors: Balog Gábor , Voronezhskaya Elena E. , Hiripi László , Elekes Károly 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe serotonergic innervation of the buccal musculature responsible for feeding (radula protraction) was investigated during the maturation of the pond snail,Lymnaea stagnalisL., applying light and electron microscopic immunohistochemistry and biochemical approaches. According to epifluorescence and laser confocal microscopy, the first 5‐HT‐like‐immunoreactive (5‐HTLIR) processes appeared on the surface of the musculature at the postmetamorphic E80% embryonic stage. Until hatching, the innervation continued to increase in density, showing axon arborizations with projections into the deeper muscle levels. An adult‐like pattern of 5‐HTLIR innervation appeared at P2–P3 juvenile stages. At the ultrastructural level, close (16–20 nm) but mostly unspecialized neuromuscular contacts were formed by both unlabeled and 5‐HTLIR axon profiles from the E80% embryonic stage. Labeled processes were also found located relatively far from the muscle cells. An HPLC assay showed a gradual increase of the 5‐HT level in the buccal mass during development. The buccal mass was characterized by a single‐component high‐affinity 5‐HT uptake system, and 5‐HT release could be evoked by 100 mM K+and blocked in Ca2+‐free medium. It is suggested that 5‐HT plays a wide modulatory role in the peripheral feeding system and is also involved in the functional maturation of the muscle system. J. Comp. Neurol. 520:315–329, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Novel organization and development of copepod myelin. i. ontogeny
Authors: Wilson Caroline H. , Hartline Daniel K. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractNerve impulse conduction is greatly increased by myelin, a multilayered membranous sheath surrounding axons. Best known from and most extensively investigated among vertebrates, a few invertebrates, including some superfamilies of copepod, have functionally and structurally similar myelin‐like sheaths surrounding their axons. We examined the development of myelin ultrastructure in Bestiolina similis, a paracalanoid copepod. Development occurred in a novel way: initial myelination always appeared first as a partial layer, which in later stages came to encircle an axon completely. This partial myelin first appeared in a single pair of reidentifiable fibers, at the second naupliar stage. Two additional pairs of reidentifiable fibers also became partially myelinated by the third naupliar stage. The number of myelin layers in this trio of axon pairs increased with development, but, at any one stage, each axon had the same number of layers along its entire length. These axons disappeared after the copepodite metamorphosis. After metamorphosis, the fiber that took over as largest in the nerve cord became the most heavily myelinated and was identified as the lateral dorsal giant fiber. The rate of myelination was also characterized in the antennular nerve as a representative of the peripheral nervous system. As axons became larger, they were more likely to be partially, and then completely, myelinated, the latter having a lower ratio of axon core to fiber diameter than the former. Copepod myelin is an instructive example of convergent evolution, with far‐reaching consequences for nervous system functioning and the behavior that nervous systems subserve. J. Comp. Neurol. 519:3259–3280, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cyto‐ and chemoarchitecture of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus in the C57BL/6J male mouse: A study of immunostaining and multiple fluorescent tract tracing
Authors: Biag Jonathan , Huang Yi , Gou Lin , Hintiryan Houri , Askarinam Asal , Hahn Joel D. , Toga Arthur W. , Dong Hong‐Wei 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVH) plays a critical role in the regulation of autonomic, neuroendocrine, and behavioral activities. This understanding has come from extensive characterization of the PVH in rats, and for this mammalian species we now have a robust model of basic PVH neuroanatomy and function. However, in mice, whose use as a model research animal has burgeoned with the increasing sophistication of tools for genetic manipulation, a comparable level of PVH characterization has not been achieved. To address this, we employed a variety of fluorescent tract tracing and immunostaining techniques in several different combinations to determine the neuronal connections and cyto‐ and chemoarchitecture of the PVH in the commonly used C57BL/6J male mouse. Our findings reveal a distinct organization in the mouse PVH that is substantially different from the PVH of male rats. The differences are particularly evident with respect to the spatial relations of two principal neuroendocrine divisions (magnocellular and parvicellular) and three descending preautonomic populations in the PVH. We discuss these data in relation to what is known about PVH function and provide the work as a resource for further studies of the neuronal architecture and function of the mouse PVH. J. Comp. Neurol., 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.