bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of disseminated ovarian cancer using nonviral interleukin‐12 gene therapy delivered intraperitoneally
Authors: Fewell Jason G. , Matar Majed M. , Rice Jennifer S. , Brunhoeber Elaine , Slobodkin Gregory , Pence Casey , Worker Miranda , Lewis Danny H. , Anwer Khursheed 
Published: June 2009

AbstractBackgroundThe poor prognosis associated with ovarian cancer is primarily the result of delayed diagnosis and the lack of an effective treatment for advanced disease. Use of novel immunotherapy strategies are being evaluated that work to enhance local and systemic immune responses against cancer cells and can possibly work together with traditional cytotoxic chemotherapy regimens to produce more effective treatment options.MethodsIn the present study, we describe a gene‐based therapy whereby the anticancer cytokine interleukin‐12 gene (pmIL‐12) is formulated with a synthetic polymeric delivery vehicle (PPC) and administered intraperitoneally into a mouse model of disseminated ovarian cancer.ResultsThe administration of pmIL‐12/PPC in tumor‐bearing mice was associated with a shift towards a Th1 immune state, including significant increases in murine IL‐12 (mIL‐12) and interferon (IFN)‐γ (mIFN‐γ) in ascites fluid, with little change in systemic levels of these proteins. The mIL‐12 protein was detectable for several days and could be reintroduced with subsequent injections. We show that treatment delayed the onset of ascites formation and improved survival in a dose‐dependent manner. A significant decrease in vascular endothelial growth factor was associated with pmIL‐12/PPC delivery and believed to play a predominant role in inhibiting ascites accumulation. Administration of pmIL‐12/PPC was associated with minimal toxicity and, when combined with standard chemotherapies, resulted in additive improvement in survival.ConclusionsTaken together, these results suggest that pmIL‐12/PPC may be an effective strategy for inhibiting progression of disseminated ovarian cancer and may offer a new option for treatment of advanced disease that can be used to complement standard therapies. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Knee kinematics in medial osteoarthritis during in vivo weight‐bearing activities
Authors: Hamai Satoshi , Moro‐oka Taka‐aki , Miura Hiromasa , Shimoto Takeshi , Higaki Hidehiko , Fregly Benjamin J. , Iwamoto Yukihide , Banks Scott A. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractDynamic knee kinematics were analyzed for medial osteoarthritic (OA) knees in three activities, including two types of maximum knee flexion. Continuous x‐ray images of kneeling, squatting, and stair climbing motions were taken using a large flat panel detector. CT‐derived bone models were used for the model registration‐based 3D kinematic measurements. Three‐dimensional joint kinematics and contact locations were determined using two methods: bone‐fixed coordinate systems and by interrogation of CT‐based bone model surfaces. The femur exhibited gradual external rotation with knee flexion for kneeling and squatting activities, and gradual internal rotation with knee extension for stair climbing. From 100° to 120° flexion, contact locations showed a medial pivot pattern similar to normal knees. However, knees with medial OA displayed a femoral internal rotation bias and less posterior translation when compared with normal knees. A classic screw‐home movement was not observed in OA knees near extension. Decreased variability with both activities and methods of calculation were demonstrated for all three activities. In conclusion, the weight‐bearing kinematics of patients with medial OA differs from normal knees. Pathological changes of the articulating surfaces and the ligaments correspond to observed abnormalities in knee kinematics. © 2009 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 27:1555–1561, 2009
Diagnostic accuracy of fine needle aspiration biopsy in preoperative diagnosis of patients with parotid gland masses
Authors: Carrillo José F. , Ramírez Rene , Flores Lorena , Ramirez‐Ortega Margarita C. , Arrecillas Myrna D. , Ibarra Margarita , Sotelo Rita , Ponce‐de‐León Sergio , Oñate‐Ocaña Luis F. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractBackgroundThe use of fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) for diagnosis of parotid gland masses (PGM) is questioned, because of low sensitivity and the generalized belief requiring surgery for most parotid masses. Information available is retrospective. Our objective was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of FNAB for diagnosis of patients with PGM.MethodsA prospective diagnostic test study was conducted in a cancer center from 2003 to 2007. FNAB was obtained from patients older than 18 years with PGM. Cytopathologist and histopathologist were blinded for all clinical information. The reference standard for diagnosis was the surgical pathology report.ResultsFNAB sensitivity and specificity values in diagnosis of malignancy were 0.923 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.85–0.99) and 0.986 (95% CI, 0.96–1.00), respectively. Positive and negative likelihood ratios (LRs) were 64.6 (95% CI, 9.22–453) and 0.078 (95% CI 0.03–0.18), respectively. Negative LR of FNAB was strengthened (0.078–0.029) when negative diagnosis of FNAB was associated with tumor size <4 cm, definite borders, and homogeneous tumor mass observed by computed tomography (CT).ConclusionDiagnostic accuracy for FNAB was very high. No clinical or radiological factors improved the positive LR of FNAB alone. Liberal use of FNAB of PGM is recommended. J. Surg. Oncol. 2009;100:133–138. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Radiosensitization of HT‐29 cells and xenografts by the nitric oxide donor DETANONOate
Authors: Gao Xiaohuan , Saha Debabrata , Kapur Payal , Anthony Thomas , Livingston Edward H. , Huerta Sergio 
Published: June 2009

AbstractBackgroundMechanisms of radioresistance in rectal cancer remain unclear.ObjectivesTo determine mechanisms of radioresistance in rectal cancer cells and to assess the role of the nitric oxide donor DETANONOate as a radiosensitizing agent.MethodsSurvival was determined by clonogenic assays, apoptosis by PARP‐1 cleavage, and phenotypic differences by Western blot analysis. SCID mice bearing HT‐29 xenografts were treated with ionizing radiation (IR) [2.0 Gy × 5], DETANONOate [0.4 mg/kg i.p.], or combination treatment.ResultsColorectal cancer HT‐29‐p53‐null cells were resistant and HCT‐116‐p53 wild‐type cells sensitive to IR, which correlated with cleaved PARP‐1. Increased levels of p21 occurred in HCT‐116 cells, while Bcl‐2 and survivin were elevated in HT‐29 cells. Radiosensitization was achieved with a substantial elevation of cleaved PARP‐1 in DETANONOate‐HT‐29‐treated versus control cells, which was accompanied by elevation of p21, p27, and BAX, and a concomitant decrease in Bcl‐2. SCID mice bearing HT‐29 xenografts demonstrated a 37.6%, 51.1%, and 70.1% inhibition in tumor growth in mice receiving IR, DETANONOate, and combination treatment versus control, respectively.ConclusionsRadioresistant HT‐29 cells are p53‐null and have substantially decreased levels of p21. DETANONOate radiosensitized HT‐29 cells in vitro and in vivo by an additive effect in apoptosis. J. Surg. Oncol. 2009;100:149–158. Published 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A new pH catheter for laryngopharyngeal reflux: Normal values
Authors: Sun George , Muddana Srikant , Slaughter James C. , Casey Sean , Hill Eric , Farrokhi Farnoosh , Garrett C. Gaelyn , Vaezi Michael F. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) represents a challenging field. Therapeutic studies of proton pump inhibitors in LPR have shown mixed results. The Restech pH catheter (Respiratory Technology Corp., San Diego, CA) is a minimally invasive device for detection of oropharyngeal acid reflux. The aim of this study was to provide normative data using this device in both distal esophagus and oropharynx.Study Design:Prospective observational study.Methods:Normal volunteers were recruited to undergo pH monitoring. A custom made longer catheter was used to assess distal esophageal pH. Oropharyngeal pH catheter was placed at the level of uvula. The distribution of % time was summarized using the 5th, 25th, 50th (median), 75th, and 95th quantiles for pH < 6, pH < 5, and pH < 4 for both upright and supine positions.Results:A total of 20 normal, healthy volunteers underwent pH monitoring for 14 to 24 hours (median 20.5 hours). The 95th percentile for % total time pH < 4, pH < 5, pH < 6 for the distal esophageal pH catheter were 4.52%, 10.91%, and 42.99%, respectively. For the oropharynx pH probe, the 95th percentile for % total time pH < 4, pH < 5, and pH < 6 were 0.02%, 2.33%, and 21.41% respectively. The 95th percentile for number of reflux events for total pH < 4, pH < 5, and pH < 6 were 1.3, 8.1, and 128.0, respectively.Conclusions:Oropharyngeal acid reflux is an infrequent occurrence in healthy volunteers without LPR. The normative data for Restech pH catheter may now be compared to those with suspected LPR. Laryngoscope, 2009
Observations of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury and recovery using a rat model
Authors: Tessema Belachew , Roark Rick M. , Pitman Michael J. , Weissbrod Philip , Sharma Sansar , Schaefer Steven D. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To evaluate standardized recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injuries using a rat model via minimally invasive transoral electromyography (ToL EMG) and histologic studies.Methods:Forty‐two female Sprague Dawley rats weighing 200 g to 250 g underwent crush injury to the right RLN using a calibrated pressure clip (0.61 N or 1.19 N) for 60 seconds. Following injury, serial ToL EMGs were performed on abductor and adductor laryngeal muscles during respiratory cycles and spontaneous vocal fold abduction on day 4 and then weekly for 6 weeks. Vocal fold motion associated with spontaneous respiration was graded from 0 to 4. Rats were sacrificed at different time points for histologic evaluation of injured nerves.Results:EMG signals showed fibrillation potentials on day 4 in all experimental conditions. Crushed RLN, regardless of force, exhibited polyphasic potentials at 2 weeks postinjury. Normal motor unit potentials and recruitment patterns were observed in EMG signals at 4 weeks for all 0.61 N clip animals. Six weeks following crush injury, motor unit potentials having normal appearance were observed in most animals. Synkinetic EMG signals were observed at 5 weeks and 6 weeks in the 1.19 N clip animals. Endoscopic evaluation of vocal fold mobility was consistently normal at 6 weeks only following 0.61 N crush injury.Conclusions:This model is useful to simulate intraoperative RLN injuries and to better understand the electrophysiologic events during nerve recovery. The severity of injury to the RLN dictates histologic, neurologic and functional recovery of the laryngeal motor system. This model is useful to evaluate the efficacy of systemic and local neurotropic agents in the treatment of RLN injury. Laryngoscope, 2009
Chemoselection as a strategy for organ preservation in patients with T4 laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma with cartilage invasion
Authors: Worden Francis P. , Moyer Jeffrey , Lee Julia S. , Taylor Jeremy M. G. , Urba Susan G. , Eisbruch Avraham , Teknos Theodoros N. , Chepeha Douglas B. , Prince Mark E. , Hogikyan Norman , Lassig Amy Anne D. , Emerick Kevin , Mukherji Suresh , Hadjiski Lubomir , Tsien Christina I. , Miller Tamara H. , Wallace Nancy E. , Mason Heidi L. , Bradford Carol R. , Wolf Gregory T. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:High rates of overall survival (OS) and laryngeal preservation were achieved in two sequential phase II clinical trials in patients with stage III/IV laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Patients were treated with chemoradiation after a >50% primary tumor response to one cycle of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (IC). We analyzed outcomes for T4 patients with cartilage invasion from both studies.Study Design:Retrospective.Methods:Records from 36 patients with T4 SCC of the larynx with cartilage invasion alone (n = 16) or cartilage invasion and extralaryngeal spread (n = 20) were retrospectively reviewed. All were treated with one cycle of cisplatin (100 mg/m2) [or carboplatin (AUC 6)] and 5‐fluorouracil (1,000 mg/m2/d for 5 days) (P+5FU). Those achieving >50% response at the primary tumor received chemoradiation (70 Gy; 35 fractions with concurrent cisplatin‐100 mg/m2 [carboplatin (AUC 6)] every 21 days for 3 cycles), followed by adjuvant P+5FU for complete histologic responders (CHR). Patients with <50% response after IC underwent total laryngectomy and postoperative radiation.Results:Twenty‐nine of 36 patients (81%) had >50% response following IC. Of these, 27 received definitive chemoradiation, 23 (85%) obtained CHR, with 58% laryngeal preservation rate. The 3‐year OS was 78%, and the disease‐specific survival was 80% (median follow‐up 69 months). Following chemoradiation, 8/11 (73%) patients with an intact larynx had >75% understandable speech, 6/36 (17%) were g‐tube dependent and 6/36 (17%) were tracheostomy dependent.Conclusions:Our results suggest that chemo‐selection is a feasible organ preservation alternative to total laryngectomy for patients with T4 laryngeal SCC with cartilage invasion. Laryngoscope, 2009
Comparison of two approaches to the surgical management of cochlear implantation
Authors: Postelmans Job T. F. , Grolman Wilko , Tange Rinze A. , Stokroos Robert J. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Our study was designed to compare two surgical approaches that are currently employed in cochlear implantation.Methods:There were 315 patients who were divided into two groups according to the surgical technique used for implantation. The suprameatal approach (SMA) was followed for 104 patients (107 implantations) in Amsterdam, whereas the mastoidectomy with posterior tympanotomy approach (MPTA) was adhered to for 211 (214 implantations) in Maastricht. The outcome variables of interest were duration of surgery and peri‐ or postoperative complications.Results:In the SMA group the incidence of major and minor complications was 3.7% (4/107) and 23.4% (25/107), respectively, whereas it was 6.5% (14/214) and 22.4% (48/214), respectively, in the MPTA group. A chi‐square statistic of 1.096 (P = .295) and 0.021 (P = .884) for minor and major complications, respectively, indicated no statistically significant differences between the two techniques. Mean duration of surgery was significantly shorter (P < .0005) in the SMA (111.7 minutes) than in the MPTA (132.2 minutes) group.Conclusions:The suprameatal approach is clearly a good alternative to the classical surgery technique for cochlear implantation. Laryngoscope, 2009
Radiofrequency‐assisted uvulopalatoplasty for snoring: Long‐term follow‐up
Authors: Stuck Boris A. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:The efficacy of combined radiofrequency (RF) surgery of the soft palate (RF‐assisted uvulopalatoplasty [RF‐UPP]) was demonstrated in a prospective study. Nevertheless, the data is based on short‐term follow‐up only, as it is the case with the majority of clinical studies regarding surgical treatment of snoring. Long‐term follow‐up is of particular importance in this context, as snoring relapses in a significant number of patients. The aim of this study was to assess the long‐term efficacy of RF‐UPP in the treatment of snoring.Study Design:Prospective clinical trial.Methods:Twenty‐one patients with primary snoring (apnea/hypopnea index <15, body mass index [BMI] <32) were going through the initial trial. Patients had received two sessions of RF‐UPP at the soft palate as previously described. For the present trial, all patients were contacted after approximately 18 months and asked to complete an additional follow‐up questionnaire assessing current BMI, snoring (visual analogue scale), and the overall satisfaction with the procedure.Results:From the 21 initial patients, 19 (90%) answered the questionnaire. Mean follow‐up was 19.8 ± 4.9 months. The postoperative snoring scores showed an increase from 2.0 ± 2.1 to 5.1 ± 3.3 (P < .05) at long‐term follow‐up. Seven (37%) patients demonstrated long‐term success (1.7 ± 0.5), whereas seven patients experienced a relapse in snoring (8.1 ± 1.4). BMI remained unchanged. Age, sex, BMI, or the length of follow‐up did not influence long‐term outcome.Conclusions:After RF‐UPP of the soft palate, a relapse in snoring has to be expected at long‐term follow‐up in a subgroup of patients. At present, there are no prospective parameters which would predict long‐term benefit. Laryngoscope, 2009
Regeneration of aged rat vocal folds using hepatocyte growth factor therapy
Authors: Ohno Tsunehisa , Yoo Mi Jin , Swanson Erik R. , Hirano Shigeru , Ossoff Robert H. , Rousseau Bernard 
Published: June 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:We investigated acute changes in extracellular matrix gene expression and histologic changes in the deposition of collagen and hyaluronan (HA) from hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) treatment of the aged rat vocal fold. We hypothesized that: 1) HGF induces matrix metalloproteinase gene expression, which might contribute to the downregulation of collagen; and 2) HGF induces hyaluronan synthase (HAS) gene expression, which might play a role in the upregulation of extracellular matrix HA.Study Design:Prospective animal study.Methods:Fifteen, 18‐month‐old, Sprague‐Dawley rats were involved in this study. For gene expression analyses, 10 rats were divided into two groups and received serial injections of sham (saline) or HGF (2 ng/μL) and sacrificed 2 weeks after the initial injection to investigate acute changes in extracellular matrix gene expression. A separate group of five animals received the above treatment and were sacrificed 4 weeks after the initial injection to investigate histologic changes in the deposition of collagen and HA.Results:Real‐time polymerase chain reaction revealed significantly upregulated matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)‐2, ‐9, and HAS‐3 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression and significantly downregulated procollagen type I mRNA expression in the HGF‐treatment group, compared to the sham‐treatment group. Histologic staining revealed significantly reduced collagen deposition and increased deposition of HA in the HGF‐treated vocal fold, compared to the sham‐treated vocal fold.Conclusions:HGF induced the upregulation of MMP‐2, ‐9, and HAS‐3, and downregulated the expression of procollagen type I. Histologically, aged vocal folds treated with HGF revealed decreased collagen deposition, and increased deposition of HA, compared to sham‐treated vocal folds. Laryngoscope, 2009
Sialoliths or phleboliths?
Authors: Su Yu‐xiong , Liao Gui‐qing , Wang Lin , Liang Yu‐jie , Chu Mei , Zheng Guang‐sen 
Published: June 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Salivary gland obstruction caused by vascular malformation with phleboliths is relatively uncommon and may be masquerading as sialolithiasis. This article presents the case of a patient who suffered from vascular malformation with phleboliths that caused submandibular gland obstruction and was once misdiagnosed as sialolithiasis.Study Design:Illustrative case report and review of the literature.Methods:Our patient was presented with recurrent episodes of right submandibular swelling and pain at mealtime for two years. The radiopacities in the X‐ray film were misdiagnosed as multiple sialoliths. The sialendoscopic surgery ruled out the sialoliths, and an impressively expanded vascular network consisting of capillaries was detected all over the ductal lumen. We diagnosed vascular malformation with phleboliths. A search of the MEDLINE database (from 1948 to February 2009) was performed.Results:The patient was treated with sclerotherapy. The clinical outcome was satisfactory during a follow‐up of 28 months, with no evidence of recurrence. The results of the extensive literature review showed that vascular malformation with phleboliths that leads to submandibular gland obstruction is rare with a total of three cases reported, including this patient.Conclusions:Vascular malformation with phleboliths must be included in the differential diagnosis of salivary gland obstruction. Laryngoscope, 2009
Brachial plexus neuropathy resulting from a massively enlarged papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Lipana Jonathan D. , Teng Marita S. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractWell‐known complications of thyroid enlargement and papillary carcinoma include compression or invasion of the trachea, esophagus, and/or vascular structures. Recurrent laryngeal nerve invasion by thyroid carcinoma is not uncommon, and phrenic nerve invasion has also been described. Preoperative dysfunction of a vocal cord, which often implies invasive carcinoma, may necessitate recurrent laryngeal nerve sacrifice and is therefore rreversible. We present an unusual case of reversible brachial plexus compression in a patient with massive thyroid enlargement and papillary carcinoma. Laryngoscope, 2009
Design and field procedures in the US National Comorbidity Survey Replication Adolescent Supplement (NCS‐A)
Authors: Kessler Ronald C. , Avenevoli Shelli , Costello E. Jane , Green Jennifer Greif , Gruber Michael J. , Heeringa Steven , Merikangas Kathleen R. , Pennell Beth‐Ellen , Sampson Nancy A. , Zaslavsky Alan M. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractAn overview is presented of the design and field procedures of the US National Comorbidity Survey Replication Adolescent Supplement (NCS‐A), a US face‐to‐face household survey of the prevalence and correlates of DSM‐IV mental disorders. The survey was based on a dual‐frame design that included 904 adolescent residents of the households that participated in the US National Comorbidity Survey Replication (85.9% response rate) and 9244 adolescent students selected from a nationally representative sample of 320 schools (74.7% response rate). After expositing the logic of dual‐frame designs, comparisons are presented of sample and population distributions on Census socio‐demographic variables and, in the school sample, school characteristics. These document only minor differences between the samples and the population. The results of statistical analysis of the bias‐efficiency trade‐off in weight trimming are then presented. These show that modest trimming meaningfully reduces mean squared error. Analysis of comparative sample efficiency shows that the household sample is more efficient than the school sample, leading to the household sample getting a higher weight relative to its size in the consolidated sample relative to the school sample. Taken together, these results show that the NCS‐A is an efficient sample of the target population with good representativeness on a range of socio‐demographic and geographic variables. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.