bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Melasma and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
Authors: Gaddoni Giuseppe , Baldassari Laura , Albertini Francesco , Misciali Cosimo 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackground Hyperpigmentation of skin, mucous membranes and nails has been described in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).Patients and methods 7 AIDS patients affected with melasma‐like facial hyperpigmentation were studied. The patients had human immunodeficiency virus infection associated with recurrent mucocutaneous and systemic opportunistic infections. All had a low T4‐CD4 helper cell count and four of them died of severe infections, caused by cytomegalovirus (CMV), mycobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis or Avium) and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. In these patients the autopsy showed intense infiltration of the adrenal glands. One of them died of Waterhouse‐Friderichsen syndrome; her autopsy showed a massive presence of cytomegalovirus in the adrenal glands.Results In 4 patients dosages of testosterone, cortisol, T3, T4, TSH gave normal results. The level of DHEA‐S was below normal revealing an adrenal insufficiency. The α‐MSH test in 12 patients (4 patients with AIDS and facial hyperpigmentation and 8 volunteers with AIDS, but without pigmented facial lesions) revealed blood levels of α‐MSH above the norm (60.33 pg/ml standard deviation 13.21). The α‐MSH test in 20 healthy subjects revealed a mean value of 44.40 pg/ml (standard deviation 10.47). The biopsy of melasma revealed that melanocytes were present in normal numbers and size with a localized increase of melanin pigment in the basal cell layer.Conclusion An increased production of ACTH and its derivatives such as α‐MSH pituitary may be the cause of hyperpigmentation in AIDS patients.
p53 mutation in metastatic melanomas and primary melanomas from sun‐exposed and sun‐protected sites
Authors: Li G. , Ho V.C , Trotter M.J. , Horsman D.E. , Tron V.A. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackground p53 mutation has been observed in many human malignancies, including skin cancers. However, the data in melanoma has been conflicting.Material and methods We have examined, by immunohistochemistry, using the DO7 and CM1 antibodies, the frequency of p53 overexpression in 14 metastatic melanomas and 61 primary melanomas, of which 30 were from sun‐protected sites and 31 from sun‐exposed sites.Results Ten of 14 metastatic melanomas showed p53 overexpression compared to only eight of 61 primary melanomas (P < 0.004). No significant difference in p53 expression was found between primary melanomas from sun‐protected (2/30) and sun‐exposed sites (6/31). We have also examined p53 mutation by single‐strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis of four melanoma cell lines. One cell line established from a primary melanoma from a sun‐protected site showed evidence of an altered migration pattern in exon 7. Sequencing analysis of this region confirmed a point mutation in codon 244, showing a G to C transversion. This mutation is unlikely to be due to ultraviolet (UV) radiation since mutations caused by UV radiation are predominantly CC → TT or C → T transitions.Conclusions In summary, p53 mutation in primary melanoma is uncommon and does not appear to be related to UV radiation. p53 mutation is more common in metastatic melanomas suggesting that it may be involved as a late event in melanoma progression.
Cowden's disease (multiple hamartoma syndrome) An underdiagnosed syndrome with increased risk of malignant development
Authors: Asklöf G. , Johansson J. , Svensson A. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractCowden's disease is so often followed by malignant diseases, such as cancer of the breast and thyroid, and different forms of gynaecological cancer, that surgeons should be made especially aware of those changes in skin and mucous membranes which, if multiple are pathognomic. It remains, however, an underdiagnosed syndrome. We believe a number of other conditions are also associated with Cowden's disease.
Kaposi's varicelliform eruption in a patient with pemphigus foliaceus under steroid therapy
Authors: Mastrolonardo M. , Arpaia N. , Rantuccio F. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe association between pemphigus and herpesvirus infection is only rarely observed. We report a Kaposi's varicelliform eruption developed in a woman with pemphigus foliaceus under steroid therapy.
Mycobacterial infections in AIDS patients; Lorraine, France⋆
Authors: May Th. , Dailloux M. , Amiel C. , Laurain C. , Canton Ph. , Le Faou A. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractObjectives Description of the epidemiology of mycobacterial infections in HIV/AIDS patients in Nancy. Comparison of the main features of tuberculous and non‐tuberculous mycobacterial infections.Patients 58 HIV‐positive patients with mycobacterial infections attended the Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Nancy from January 1985 to December 1992.Results Tuberculosis identified in 17 patients who were only moderately immunosuppressed, and had a high fatality rate (65%): no resistant strains isolated. Non‐tuberculous mycobacteria infections occurred in 41 patients who were deeply immunosuppressed and had a poor prognosis. Mycobacterium avium‐intracellulare complex was the most frequently isolated species (31 cases) and showed a high level of antibiotic resistance.Conclusions NTM infections are life‐threatening diseases in AIDS patients and should be systematically sought in HIV‐positive patients with low CD4 + lymphocyte count.
Early treatment of pemphigus does not improve the prognosis A review of 53 patients
Authors: Wolf Ronni , Landau Marina , Tur Ethel , Brenner Sarah 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackground With the introduction of systemic steroids to control pemphigus vulgaris the prognosis and survival of these patients has changed dramatically. However, in contrast to their beneficial effects, in a once almost inevitably fatal disease, the steroid therapy has created other problems, including cases of mortality.Objective To analyze the possible factors influencing the course and prognosis of the disease and to review the steroid complications in our patients.Methods 53 patients with pemphigus, admitted to the Department of Dermatology of Ichilov Hospital between 1965 and 1989, were studied.Results The total mortality rate of 26.4% (14 patients of 53) in the present study is within the range found by others. A long pretreatment period did not lead to a worse prognosis. Patients with a pretreatment period longer than 6 months had a lower mortality rate than patients with a pretreatment period shorter than 6 months. The age of the patient played a role in determining the outcome of the disease as patients older than 60 years had a worse prognosis compared with patients younger than 50 years, 37.5% of the patients over 60 years died, as compared with a mortality rate of zero in patients younger than 50. This is in accordance with data found by others. Adjuvant therapy with azathioprine was found to improve the prognosis. Patients receiving azathioprine in addition to steroids had a significantly lower mortality rate and fewer exacerbations. Patients with involvement of the mucosa alone had a higher mortality rate than patients with involvement of the skin only and those with involvement of both skin and mucosa had the highest mortality rate.Conclusions Early treatment of pemphigus does not improve the prognosis. Therefore, immediate high‐dose treatment in every case of pemphigus doesn't seem absolutely essential any more.
Consumption of pain medication by hospitalized patients with acute herpes zoster
Authors: Haas Norbert , Kraus Sigurd , Czarnetzki Beate M. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackground The effect of acyclovir on inpatients with acute herpetic pain has been examined in only few studies.Aim To examine the effect of acyclovir on intensity and course of herpes zoster‐associated neuralgia in hospitalized patients.Method Two groups of patients (50 each) hospitalized for acute herpes zoster in 1983/84 (before acyclovir was available) and in 1989/90 (when acyclovir was given for at least 5 days intravenously) were evaluated for pain and consumption of pain medication.Results The score for pain intensity did not differ significantly in acyclovir‐related patients compared to patients who did not receive the drug.Conclusion This study fails to demonstrate a beneficial effect of acyclovir on acute herpetic neuralgia.
Hepatitis C: a professional risk for dermatosurgeons
Authors: Gelati Gianmario , Muzio Gianfranco , Rebora Alfredo 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackground Health care workers (HCW) in close contact with blood or serum are at risk for professional contagion with HCV. Among such personnel, the dermatosurgeon is on the firing line. We tried to quantitate such risk.Design One hundred consecutive out‐patients seeking dermatosurgical advice for cutaneous neoplasms were studied for serologic markers for HCV infection.Results Only 34 patients had not contracted any of the known hepatitis viruses, and 8% of the patients were anti‐HCV‐positive.Conclusion On the basis of these findings and of data in the literature, we conclude that in Genoa HCW run a high risk of acquiring HCV infection due to needle stick injury1. Patients should undergo serologic investigation for HCV infection before surgery, even a minor one, is performed.
A double‐blind comparison of itraconazole and fluconazole in tinea pedis and tinea manuum
Authors: Difonzo E.M. , Papini M. , Cilli P. , Calandra P. , Panconesi E. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackground It has been reported that azole derivatives are useful in the treatment of dermatophytoses, also in tinea pedis and tinea manuum.Aim The aim of the present multicentre, randomized, double‐blind study was to compare the efficacy and safety of oral itraconazole with fluconazole in the treatment of tinea pedis and tinea manuum.Patients and methods In this multicenter, double‐blind, comparative study, 37 patients with tinea pedis or tinea manus were randomized to receive treatment with itraconazole (100 mg/day) or fluconazole (50 mg/day) for 30 days.Results Two patients were not evaluable for efficacy. Both treatments reduced the number of patients with positive mycological findings, so that at the end of treatment. 64.7% of patients receiving itraconazole and 61.1% of those treated with fluconazole had negative results. Both drugs also resulted in a marked improvement in, or elimination of all clinical symptoms; however the improvement appeared to occur more rapidly with itraconazole. The overall assessment at the end of the 6 week follow‐up showed that 88.2% of patients treated with itraconazole and 72.2% of those treated with fluconazole were cured with negative mycological tests. Adverse events were reported by one patient treated with itraconazole and 5 subjects receiving fluconazole. The only changes in laboratory parameters were elevated SGOT and SGPT values in one patient in the fluconazole group, who dropped out from the study.Discussion The results suggest that itraconazole is at least as effective as fluconazole in the treatment of tinea pedis and tinea manus, the onset of improvement in clinical symptoms is more rapid an prolonged after cessation of therapy with itraconazole, and that itraconazole appears to be better tolerated.
Activity of cefixime against Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Authors: Kohl Peter K. , Tu Yating , Hostalek Ulrike , Petzoldt Detlef 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackground In most gonococcal populations, penicillin‐resistant strains have increased dramatically and penicillin can no longer be recommended for the treatment of gonorrhoea. Cefixime is the first oral third generation cephalosporin and represents an alternative therapeutical approach.Objective To evaluate the in vitro activity of cefixime against a gonococcal population in Germany.Material 203 Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains, isolated in the area of Heidelberg between 1986 and 1990, including 14 penicillinase‐producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae (PPNG) strains and five strains with chromosomally mediated penicillin resistance (CMPR).Methods Determination of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of cefixime was performed by standard agar dilution technique. Auxotype/serovar (A/S) classification was performed by using Neisseria defined agar and 12 gonococcal outer membrane porin specific monoclonal antibodies in a coagglutination assay.Results The MIC range reached from 0.00025 μg/ml to 0.125 μg/ml cefixime. For both penicillin sensitive‐ and penicillin‐resistant strains, the geometric mean MIC was 0.0048 μg/ml, MIC 50 0.002 μg/ml and MIC 90 0.008 μg/ml. Among gonococcal strains with an MIC of 0.001 μg/ml cefixime strains belonging to A/S class (P)AH(U)/1A‐1/2 were significantly more frequent (p < 0.0001) than among strains having an MIC of > 0.001 μg/ml.Conclusion Cefixime showed very high antimicrobial activity against Neisseria gonorrhoeae. All tested gonococcal strains were susceptible to cefixime. The A/S class composition of a tested gonococcal population influences very strongly the range of MICs.
Menkes' kinky hair disease: Report of a case and distribution of sulfhydryl residues and disulfide bonds in kinky hair
Authors: Yamada Hiromichi , Taneda Akio , Takamori Kenji , Ogawa Hideoki 
Published: August 2010

AbstractWe report here a case of a male infant with Menkes’ kinky hair disease. The patient, at the age of 3 months, exhibited slow growth, convulsions, hair abnormalities such as pili torti and dusty gray hair, and low levels of serum copper and ceruloplasmin. After intravenous administration of CuSO4 and administration of a copper acetate suppository, the level of serum copper and ceruloplasmin elevated to within normal limits. The fluorescence of the kinky hair cortex with disulfide bonds was less than that of the normal control. The copper content of the kinky hair was also lower than that of normal control. Accordingly, we suggest that kinky hair formation results from low activity of sulfhydryl oxidase in hair.
Granuloma faciale treatment with clofazimine 1
Authors: Bajanca Rui , Leite Luiz , Lobo Lurdes , Capitão‐Mor Manuela , Rodrigues J.C. Fernandes 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe authors report the case of a 70‐year‐old Caucasian woman who, for the last seven years, has suffered outbreaks of facial macular and nodular lesions unresponsive to multiple medical and surgical therapies.Some of the biopsies done at different times involving different lesions evidenced findings suggestive of granuloma faciale. The laboratory and imagiologic findings were within normal limits.Therapy with clofazimine initially associated with oral and intralesional corticosteroids led to the regression of the facial nodules.
Multiple glomus tumours in an octuagenarian
Authors: Betti R. , Palvarini M. , Inselvini E. , Crosti C. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThere have been very few reports of multiple glomus tumours developed in adult life, with only five cases having been described up to now. We report the case of an 82‐year‐old woman presenting disseminated multiple glomus tumours but without underlying malignancy.
The role of human papilloma virus in skin cancer – current status
Authors: McKenna D.B. , O'Connor D. , Kay E. , Leader M. , Murphy G.M. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractPapillomaviruses are the causative agents of the common wart. Although the human papillomavirus is strongly associated with certain dysplastic and malignant lesions, its exact role in tumour development remains to be determined. This review examines the role of human papilloma virus as a potential oncogenic agent in human mucosal and non‐mucosal squamous cell carcinoma.
Treatment of cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma with extracorporeal photochemotherapy
Authors: Konstantinow Alexander , Balda Bernd‐Rüdiger 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackground Cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma (CTCL) and its leukemic erythrodermic form (Sézary syndrome) are malignancies cies of CD4+ T lymphocytes. Extracorporeal photochemotherapy (ECP) selectively affects autoreactive as well as malignant T lymphocytes. The efficacy of ECP depends strongly upon adequate serum/buffy coat levels of the photosensitizer 8‐methoxypsoralen (8‐MOP). The resorption of orally applied 8‐MOP vanes inter‐ and intraindividually within a broad range, meaning that adequate therapeutic drug levels cannot always he achieved. Therefore, since July 1994 we have exclusively used a liquid 8‐MOP preparation which is added directly into the buffy coat fraction of the ECP circuit, resulting in constant high drug levels of approximately 190 ng/ml. Twelve CTCL‐patients (six with Sézary syndrome, six with mycosis fungoides received between six and 25 ECP treatments. Some of them had undergone previous therapy without success.Results All patients with Sézary syndrome declared a distinct reduction in intensity of pruritus. Three patients who received liquid 8‐MOP extracorporeally showed a partial remission on the basis of skin scores. Of the patients receiving 8‐MOP orally, two remained clinically unchanged and one showed a progression of the disease. In these cases, subtherapeutic 8‐MOP plasma levels were often found. Of the six mycosis fungoides patients one achieved complete and two partial remission: another two patients showed minor response. These five patients were treated with liquid 8‐MOP. One patient showed no change in skin lesions; he had received 8‐MOP orally and achieved subtherapeutic photosensitizer plasma levels.Conclusion Our treatment protocols confirm the beneficial effects of ECP on CTCL at any stage, but it seems that adequate ECP efficiency is ensured only when an 8‐MOP solution is applied extracorporeally.
Prevalence of skin diseases in school children in rural and urban communities in the Illubabor province, south‐western Ethiopia: a preliminary survey
Authors: Figueroa Jose I. , Hawranek Thomas , Abraha Aynalem , Hay Roderick J. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackground Skin disease is usually the second most common reason for consultation by children in rural clinics in developing countries. The majority of epidemiological studies published so far are based on the analysis of medical records from specialised centres. These, however, account for expressed needs only and do not portray the real prevalence of paediatric skin disease at the community level.Aim To determine the prevalence of skin disease in unselected paediatric populations from rural and urban communities in the Illubabor province, south‐west Ethiopia.Patients and methods A cross‐sectional prevalence survey of 219 junior school children in three schools was performed. Ninety‐one children (42%) from two rural communities and 128 (58%) from an urban settlement were examined clinically and asked to complete a simple questionnaire.Results Three hundred and eighty‐two cutaneous findings were present in 212 (96.8%) children. Parasitic infestations, particularly pediculosis capitis, and infections, of which fungal infections affected at least one in four children, were the most prevalent skin conditions in both environments.Conclusions Community based epidemiological data are needed for monitoring early changes in disease patterns in children so that health care programmes can be expeditiously modified accordingly.
Skin lesions in carbonmonoxide intoxication
Authors: Palali Zeki , Saricaoǧlu Hayriye , Acar Ahmet 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA patient with carbonmonoxide (CO) intoxication who developed extensive cutaneous lesions with bullae formation is presented. The finding of cranial computerized tomography together with the history of the patient and clinical and dermatological signs support the diagnosis of CO intoxication.
Intraepidermal IgA pustulosis
Authors: Mat M. Cem , Gökler Gökhan , Demirkesen Cuyan , Kotogyan Agop 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackground Intraepidermal IgA pustulosis is a rare vesiculopustular condition characterized by intercellular IgA deposits, neutrophilic, infiltration and mild acantholysis. This condition is usually reported in middle‐aged or elderly people. We present the clinical, histological and immunofluorescence data of a child with this condition.Observation Our case is an 11‐year‐old girl who presented a pruritic vesiculupustular eruption involving the trunk, upper extremities. face and oral mucosa, Histopathologic examination revealed an intraepidermal pustule formation composed of neutrophils and some eosinophils and acantholytic cells in the spinal layer. Direct immunofluorescent test showed the deposition of IgA in the intercellular spaces throughout the whole of the epidermis. No circulating IgA anti‐intercellular antibodies were detected by indirect immunofluorescence. She was treated with prednisolone 30 mg/daily. After discontinuation of corrticosteroid treatment, we did not observe any skin lesions during a follow‐up period of 2 years.Conclusion We consider this eruption intraepidermal IgA pustulosis (historically intraepidermal neutrophilic type) based on clinical and histopathological findings. Intraepidermal IgA pustulosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of eruption in childhood.
Chronic urticaria associated with autoreactivity to progesterone
Authors: de Sousa Pinto J.M. , Campos Luis B. , de Ascensão A. Cabral 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAutoimmune progesterone dermatitis is a rarely recognized cutaneous disorder revealed by recurrent and cyclic skin eruption with variable morphology, during the luteal phase. We report the case of a 42‐year‐old woman with chronic urticaria since the age of 38 with premenstrual exacerbation. Intradermal progesterone tests revealed a strong reactivity against this hormone. Treatment with thalidomide was effective but induced a peripheral neuropathy. Oophorectomy was performed with clearing of the cutaneous lesions.
Lymphangioma‐like pattern and anaplastic evolution in a case of classic Kaposi's sarcoma
Authors: Masia Ina Maria , Mugoni Maria Grazia , Massarelli Giovannino , Rovasio Severino , Cottoni Francesca 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackground Usually, classic Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is clinically characterized by maculae, plaques and nodules and histologically by a proliferation of irregularly‐shaped blood vessels, spindle cells and extravasated erythrocytes. The course is indolent. Very rarely, cases have been reported in which malignant transformation occurred with subsequent visceral diffusion.Observations A case of classic KS in an 82‐year‐old man is reported. Clinically, the lesion appeared lo be a nodule which grew rapidly to become an exophytic tumour mass. Histopathologically, it was characterized at the beginning by a lymphangioma‐like pattern with subsequent frank anaplasia. The diagnosis of KS was based on lymph node examination which showed typical features. The patient died after 1 year.Conclusions Taking into account these unusual patterns we emphasize their importance in the differential diagnosis of KS from other angiomatous and anaplastic lesions.
Multifaceted dermatitis artefacta caused by garlic
Authors: Hallel‐Halevy D. , Zlotogorski A. , Grunwald M.H. , Halevy S. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractDermatitis artefacta is a self inflicted dermatosis without a precise and rational motive. A 19 year old patient presented with a peculiar multiform eruption induced by local application of garlic. The disorder of garlic dermatitis artefacta is discussed.