bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
X-ray cool core remnants heated by strong radio AGN feedback
Authors: Liu Wenhao , Sun Ming , Voit G Mark , Lal Dharam Vir , Nulsen Paul , Gaspari Massimo , Sarazin Craig , Ehlert Steven , Zheng Xianzhong 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
Strong AGN heating provides an alternative means for the disruption of cluster cool cores (CCs) to cluster mergers. In this work, we present a systematic Chandra study of a sample of 108 nearby (z &lt; 0.1) galaxy clusters, to investigate the effect of AGN heating on CCs. About 40 per cent of clusters with small offsets between the BCG and the X-ray centre (≤50 kpc) have small CCs. For comparison, 14 of 17 clusters with large offsets have small CCs, which suggests that mergers or sloshing can be efficient in reducing the CC size. Relaxed, small CC clusters generally have weak radio AGNs ($P_{1.4\rm GHz}\lt 10^{23}$ W Hz−1), and they show a lack of systems hosting a radio AGN with intermediate radio power ($2\times 10^{23}\lt P_{1.4\rm GHz}\lt 2\times 10^{24}$ W Hz−1). We found that the strongest circumnuclear (&lt;1 kpc) X-ray emission only exists in clusters with strong radio AGN. The duty cycle of relaxed, small CC clusters is less than half of that for large CC clusters. It suggests that the radio activity of BCGs is affected by the properties of the surrounding gas beyond the central ∼10 kpc, and strong radio AGNs in small X-ray CCs fade more rapidly than those embedded in large X-ray CCs. A scenario is also presented for the transition of large CCs and coronae due to radio AGN feedback. We also present a detailed analysis of galaxy cluster 3C 129.1 as an example of a CC remnant possibly disrupted by radio AGN.
Searching for magnetar binaries disrupted by core-collapse supernovae
Authors: Sherman Myles B , Ravi Vikram , El-Badry Kareem , Sharma Kritti , Ocker Stella Koch , Kosogorov Nikita , Connor Liam , Faber Jakob T 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
Core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) are considered the primary magnetar formation channel, with 15 magnetars associated with supernova remnants (SNRs). A large fraction of these should occur in massive stellar binaries that are disrupted by the explosion, meaning that $\sim 45~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of magnetars should be nearby high-velocity stars. Here, we conduct a multiwavelength search for unbound stars, magnetar binaries, and SNR shells using public optical (uvgrizy bands), infrared (J, H, K, and Ks bands), and radio (888 MHz, 1.4 GHz, and 3 GHz) catalogues. We use Monte Carlo analyses of candidates to estimate the probability of association with a given magnetar based on their proximity, distance, proper motion, and magnitude. In addition to recovering a proposed magnetar binary, a proposed unbound binary, and 13 of 15 magnetar SNRs, we identify two new candidate unbound systems: an OB star from the Gaia catalogue we associate with SGR J1822.3−1606, and an X-ray pulsar we associate with 3XMM J185246.6 + 003317. Using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulation that assumes all magnetars descend from CCSNe, we constrain the fraction of magnetars with unbound companions to $5\lesssim f_u \lesssim 24~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$, which disagrees with neutron star population synthesis results. Alternate formation channels are unlikely to wholly account for the lack of unbound binaries as this would require $31\lesssim f_{nc} \lesssim 66~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of magnetars to descend from such channels. Our results support a high fraction ($48\lesssim f_m \lesssim 86~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$) of pre-CCSN mergers, which can amplify fossil magnetic fields to preferentially form magnetars.
Metabolomics reveals the implication of acetoacetate and ketogenic diet therapy in radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Wang Jiaqi , Xu Qianqian , Xuan Ziyang , Mao Yuting , Tang Xi , Yang Ke , Song Fahuan , Zhu Xin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective
Patients with radioiodine-refractory (RAIR) differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC; RAIR-DTC) have a poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to provide new insights and possibilities for the diagnosis and treatment of RAIR-DTC.

Methods
The metabolomics of 24 RAIR-DTC and 18 non-radioiodine-refractory (NonRAIR) DTC patients samples were analyzed by liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometry. Cellular radioiodine uptake was detected with γ counter. Sodium iodide symporter (NIS) expression and thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) were measured by Western blot analysis. CCK8 and colony formation assays were used to measure cellular proliferation. Scratch and transwell assays were performed to assess cell migration and invasion. Annexin V/PI staining was used to detect cell apoptosis. Cell growth in vivo was evaluated by a tumor xenograft model. The acetoacetate (AcAc) level was measured by ELISA. Pathological changes, Ki67, NIS, and TSHR expression were investigated by immunohistochemistry.

Results
The metabolite profiles of RAIR could be distinguished from those of NonRAIR, with AcAc significantly lower in RAIR. The significantly different metabolic pathway was ketone body metabolism. AcAc increased NIS and TSHR expression and improved radioiodine uptake. AcAc inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and as well promoted cell apoptosis. Ketogenic diet (KD) elevated AcAc levels and significantly suppressed tumor growth, as well as improved NIS and TSHR expression.

Conclusion
Significant metabolic differences were observed between RAIR and NonRAIR, and ketone body metabolism might play an important role in RAIR-DTC. AcAc improved cellular iodine uptake and had antitumor effects for thyroid carcinoma. KD might be a new therapeutic strategy for RAIR-DTC.
Individual foraging site fidelity persists within and across stopover seasons in a migratory shorebird, Numenius phaeopus (Whimbrel)
Authors: Handmaker Maina C , Sanders Felicia J , Smith Adam D , Shealy Ethan P , Fontaine Natasza , Kaplin Madelyn B , Thibault Janet M , Martin Mary Catherine , Duquet Camille , Sterling Abby V , Senner Nathan R 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Site fidelity—returning repeatedly to the same site—can help many migratory species reduce uncertainty in their environment, especially when migratory stopover periods leave little time to explore and evaluate new habitat. Avian taxa, though, have shown wide variation in their levels of site fidelity during migration, and few studies have been able to examine individual-level fidelity at fine spatiotemporal scales. We used a high-resolution GPS tracking dataset of Numenius phaeopus (Whimbrel), a long-distance migratory shorebird, to assess levels of fidelity to specific foraging and roosting sites during migration, both within and between stopover seasons. We found that individuals are almost exclusively faithful to one shared roost site at night, but disperse to individual foraging territories during the day that overlap with each other by &lt;20%. Individuals remain faithful to these distinct territories over time, on average shifting the center of their daily home ranges by &lt;1.5 km within a single season, and overlapping with their previous season’s home range by 70% when they return during subsequent stopovers. Our findings reveal for the first time that a shorebird species exhibits fine-scale, individual foraging site fidelity during and between migratory stopovers—an important insight to inform effective conservation and management action.
Low nitrate under waterlogging triggers exodermal suberization to form a barrier to radial oxygen loss in rice roots
Authors: Shiono Katsuhiro , Ejiri Masato , Sawazaki Yuto , Egishi Yuka , Tsunoda Tomonori 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
To acclimate to hypoxic waterlogged conditions, the roots of wetland plants form a radial oxygen loss (ROL) barrier that can promote oxygen diffusion to the root tips. We hypothesized that the low-nitrate concentrations that occur after molecular oxygen is consumed in waterlogged soils are an environmental trigger for ROL barrier formation in rice (Oryza sativa). We previously identified 128 tissue-specific up/downregulated genes during rice ROL barrier formation. The RiceXPro database showed that many of these genes were differentially regulated in response to nitrogen deficiency. Therefore, we assessed changes in the concentrations of ionic species of nitrogen under stagnant conditions, i.e. in a nutrient solution that mimics waterlogged soil conditions, and examined the effects of an increase or decrease of nitrate in the nutrient solution on ROL barrier formation and exodermal suberization. Preventing nitrate deficiency in the stagnant nutrient solution suppressed the formation of an ROL barrier. Conversely, a decrease in nitrate strongly induced ROL barrier formation, even under aerated conditions. In parallel with ROL barrier formation, suberin lamellae formed at the exodermis. Nitrate deficiency also promoted aerenchyma formation and the enlargement of root diameters. These findings suggest that the severe decline of nitrates under waterlogged conditions is an environmental cue for exodermal suberization to form an ROL barrier in rice roots.
Tissue-specific deposition, speciation and transport of antimony in rice
Authors: Huang Hengliang , Yamaji Naoki , Ma Jian Feng 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa) as a staple food is a potential intake source of antimony (Sb), a toxic metalloid. However, how rice accumulates this element is still poorly understood. Here, we investigated tissue-specific deposition, speciation, and transport of Sb in rice. We found that Sb(III) is the preferential form of Sb uptake in rice, but most Sb accumulates in the roots, resulting in a very low root-to-shoot translocation (less than 2%). Analysis of Sb deposition with laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry showed that most Sb deposits at the root exodermis. Furthermore, we found that Sb is mainly present as Sb(III) in the root cell sap after uptake. Further characterization showed that Sb(III) uptake is mediated by Low silicon rice 1 (Lsi1), a Si permeable transporter. Lsi1 showed transport activity for Sb(III) rather than Sb(V) in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). Knockout of Lsi1 resulted in a significant decrease in Sb accumulation in both roots and shoots. Sb concentration in the root cell sap of two independent lsi1 mutants decreased to less than 3% of that in wild-type rice, indicating that Lsi1 is a major transporter for Sb(III) uptake. Knockout of Lsi1 also enhanced rice tolerance to Sb toxicity. However, knockout of Si efflux transporter genes, including Lsi2 and Lsi3, did not affect Sb accumulation. Taken together, our results showed that Sb(III) is taken up by Lsi1 localized at the root exodermis and is deposited at this cell layer due to lack of Sb efflux transporters in rice.
Research impact assessment: Developing and applying a viable model for the social sciences
Authors: Wood Thomaz , Wilner Adriana 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Prompted by research funding agencies and regulatory bodies, universities need to demonstrate and manage the impact of their research. Therefore, models for evaluating research impacts that can be applied quickly and at a reasonable cost are needed. However, the development of these models presents considerable challenges: research impact is multidimensional and can occur over time because of multiple interactions between different agents. Furthermore, impact assessment can demand substantial time and resources. Considering this challenging context, this study proposes a research impact assessment model capable of optimizing benefits and costs. The model was based on a multidimensional impact perspective and an application-oriented way of generating and transmitting knowledge. It was applied to a large teaching and research institution with a predominant role in the social sciences. The assessment involved a survey of the leaders of 133 research projects. The main findings of the application of the assessment model were as follows: first, knowledge production is transitioning from a traditional mode (aimed to impact science) to a new mode (aimed to impact multiple stakeholders); second, project leaders still perceive the prevalence of scientific impact over other types of impact; and third, the survey revealed how certain characteristics of the knowledge production mode relate to (perceived) impact. The viable research impact assessment model was demonstrated to be useful and cost-effective; thus, with adaptations and improvements, it may be used by other institutions, particularly those with internal research funding programs. This article also presents the model’s limitations, suggesting directions for future research.
The influence of the cardiac cycle on the halo sign and its impact on the ultrasound diagnosis of giant cell arteritis
Authors: Fernández-Fernández Elisa , Brugarolas Emma , Monjo-Henry Irene , Novella-Navarro Marta , Balsa Alejandro , De Miguel Eugenio 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate whether hypoechoic wall thickness is influenced by the systole or diastole moment in the cardiac cycle and if this can influence US assessments of GCA.MethodsUS videos of 100 consecutive patients (50 with GCA, 50 without) performed between January 2021 and June 2023 were reviewed. Intima-media thickness (IMT) of temporal (including common trunk, frontal and parietal branches), axillary and subclavian arteries were measured at two different time points, at systolic peak (SP) and at the end-diastole (ED). Differences between SP IMT and ED IMT, as well as in the halo count (HC) and in the OMERACT GCA Ultrasonography Score (OGUS) between these two times, were analysed.ResultsIMT was significantly higher (4.8–5%) at ED in all arteries, in both GCA and non-GCA groups. HC and OGUS were also higher in ED in both groups. In four non-GCA patients (8%), the HC was positive in ED and negative in SP; in all of them the HC in ED was 1. In the GCA group, the timing of the cardiac cycle did not influence the final US diagnosis; however, it did modify the HC in 14 patients (28%).ConclusionIMT can fluctuate during the cardiac cycle, with higher measurements occurring at ED. This variability could potentially impact the accuracy of US diagnoses and assessments of GCA. If further research corroborates these findings, it may be imperative to revise the guidelines for employing US in diagnosing GCA in order to incorporate these nuanced aspects.
Analysis of the molecular structure of hydroxychavicol, a promising oral antibacterial
Authors: Vandyarto Rannod R , Domingues Aaron P , Cornwall Richard G 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objectives
In order to better understand hydroxychavicol’s effectiveness as an oral antibacterial, its structural components were analyzed with respect to minimum inhibitory concentrations and minimum bactericidal concentrations against various oral bacteria. These structural components include the free hydroxy groups and allyl chain connected to hydroxychavicol’s benzene core.

Methods
Six structural analogs of hydroxychavicol were tested against a range of oral bacteria using minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) assays. MIC results were obtained using serial microdilution techniques in 96-well plates with resazurin dye as a colorimetric indicator. Aliquots within each MIC concentration range were then placed on appropriate agar medium, and the minimum bactericidal concentration was determined as the lowest concentration with no observed colony growth.

Key findings
A synergistic interaction was observed between the allyl chain and hydroxy groups on the benzene core of hydroxychavicol, which resulted in lower MICs against the tested oral bacteria. It was also found that a hydroxy group para to the allyl chain on the benzene ring resulted in more effective inhibition, with a MIC of &lt;50 μg/ml against R. dentocariosa. Additionally, analytes possessing free hydroxy groups ortho to one another on the benzene ring resulted in MICs of 200–300 μg/ml or lower, whereas analytes with free hydroxy groups meta to one another on the benzene ring exhibited MICs of &gt;1000 μg/ml.

Conclusions
This study helps elucidate the structural components responsible for hydroxychavicol’s effectiveness as an oral antibacterial. The findings herein help to understand the mechanism of hydroxychavicol’s antibacterial properties and will be helpful in the design and synthesis of more effective oral antibacterial treatments.
The HH-GLI2-CKS1B network regulates the proliferation-to-maturation transition of cardiomyocytes
Authors: Waldron Christina J , Kelly Lauren A , Stan Nicholas , Kawakami Yasuhiko , Abrahante Juan E , Magli Alessandro , Ogle Brenda M , Singh Bhairab N 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Cardiomyocyte (CM) proliferation and maturation are highly linked processes, however, the extent to which these processes are controlled by a single signaling axis is unclear. Here, we show the previously undescribed role of Hedgehog (HH)-GLI2-CKS1B cascade in regulation of the toggle between CM proliferation and maturation. Here we show downregulation of GLI-signaling in adult human CM, adult murine CM, and in late-stage hiPSC-CM leading to their maturation. In early-stage hiPSC-CM, inhibition of HH- or GLI-proteins enhanced CM maturation with increased maturation indices, increased calcium handling, and transcriptome. Mechanistically, we identified CKS1B, as a new effector of GLI2 in CMs. GLI2 binds the CKS1B promoter to regulate its expression. CKS1B overexpression in late-stage hiPSC-CMs led to increased proliferation with loss of maturation in CMs. Next, analysis of datasets of patients with heart disease showed a significant enrichment of GLI2-signaling in patients with ischemic heart failure (HF) or dilated-cardiomyopathy (DCM) disease, indicating operational GLI2-signaling in the stressed heart. Thus, the Hh-GLI2-CKS1B axis regulates the proliferation-maturation transition and provides targets to enhance cardiac tissue engineering and regenerative therapies.
Israel: Recognition of foundations and foreign trusts in Israel
Authors: Kaplan Alon , Eyal Lyat 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Recognition of foreign trusts and foundations has been an issue in Israel for many years. Having immigrants from many countries speaking foreign languages and having a legacy of foreign laws and cultures has contributed to the extensive use of foreign trusts in Israel. The Trust Law, and later the Tax Ordinance, as revised in connection with trusts, have endorsed the use of foreign trusts and foundations by non-Israelis investing and doing business in Israel and by Israeli families investing overseas with a requirement for tax and estate planning. In this article, the authors explore the recognition and use of foreign trusts in Israel and give an overview of the respective taxation of trusts.
Social marketing and the challenges of participant recruitment
Authors: Baranowski Tom , O’Connor Teresia M , Jimenez-Garcia John A , Radhakrishnan Kavita , Arredondo Elva M , Thompson Debbe 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRecruitment of research participants often has not obtained a desired sample size, thereby becoming a major problem inhibiting investigators’ ability to adequately test the specified hypotheses. Social marketing with its four Ps, originally developed by the business world to sell products and adapted for public health initiatives, is proposed as a dynamic comprehensive conceptual framework to apply marketing principles and practices to enhance participant recruitment. Applying a social marketing approach to research recruitment would require initial investigation to understand the motivations of the target audience in regard to research participation, and continued research throughout the main project to adapt the recruitment efforts as limitations arise. Additional funding would be needed for successful social marketing research recruitment programs to be systematically implemented and evaluated as part of research projects. In this paper, we define social marketing concepts, briefly review the available literature supporting social marketing applied to recruitment for research studies, and consider ethical issues that may arise when using a social marketing approach.
Phylogeny and species delimitation in Albinaria from western Crete (Gastropoda: Clausiliidae)
Authors: Becher Elisa , Bamberger Sonja , Hausdorf Bernhard 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We studied the phylogenetic relationships and species delimitation of the Albinaria species from western Crete classified in the Albinaria candida group based on sequences of 2050 loci generated by double-digest restriction site-associated DNA sequencing. It turned out that neither the A. candida group nor the Albinaria cretensis group is monophyletic and that the anterior palatal folds that allegedly characterize the species of the A. candida group were convergently reduced several times. That these folds are not suitable for diagnosing species groups became especially clear in the populations from Gramvousa Peninsula and adjacent areas, in which the development of the anterior palatal folds is variable. Previously, populations with anterior palatal folds were classified as Albinaria loosjesi, a species of the A. candida group, whereas populations without anterior palatal folds were classified as Albinaria tenuicostata, a species of the A. cretensis group. Our analyses showed that they belong to a single species, Albinaria grabusana (=A. loosjesi), which is not related to A. tenuicostata, but to Albinaria xanthostoma from the neighbouring Rodopos Peninsula. Admixture analyses and isolation-by-distance tests confirmed the specific distinctness of A. grabusana, A. xanthostoma, Albinaria amalthea, and A. candida.
The correlation between chemical ingredients and acute toxicity of Psoraleae Fructus and two classic prescriptions
Authors: Shi Zhuo , Pan Jin-Chao , Zhang Cheng , Cui Jia-Lu , Wu Xiang-Jun , Li Fang-Yang , Li Mao-Xing , Xiao Cheng-Rong , Ma Zeng-Chun , Wang Yu-Guang , Gao Yue 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
To compare the acute toxicity and chemical ingredients of Psoraleae Fructus (PF) with those of two classic prescriptions, Ershen Wan (ESW) and Sishen Wan (SSW).

Methods:
Based on classical toxicological methods, body weight, food and water consumption, lethal conditions, and toxic reactions were recorded after administering single oral doses of PF, ESW, and SSW. The 50% lethal dose (LD50) values of PF and ESW and the maximum tolerance dose (MTD) of SSW were determined. In addition, PF, ESW, and SSW constituents were detected using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS), and the spectrum-toxicity correlation was analyzed.

Results:
The LD50 of PF and ESW were 53.9 g/kg/day (46.2–63.0 g/kg/day, 95% confidence limit [CL]) and 68.3 g/kg/day (59.0–78.9 g/kg/day, 95% CL), which were respectively about 40 and 50 times the human daily dosage. The MTD of SSW was 41.0 g/kg/day, indicating the highest safety. What can be inferred from the chemical ingredients and toxicity correlation analyses is that compatibility reduced the contents of 13 potential hepatotoxin compounds in PF.

Conclusions:
The classic compatibility of ESW and SSW effectively attenuated the hepatotoxicity of PF, which was related to the reduced content of potentially toxic substances, particularly coumarins. This study explored the principles of attenuating the toxicity of classic prescriptions to provide a reference for the rational clinical use of PF.