bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advancing heat wave definitions: A policy review towards prioritizing health impacts of extreme heat
Authors: N Sai Venkata Sarath Chandra , Gunther Samuel H , Kjellstrom Tord , Lee Jason Kai Wei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Approaches to defining a heat wave vary globally. While they are mostly meteorological-centric, &#xD;there is an increasing need to consider their health implications as heat stress experienced by &#xD;humans. Our methodology involved a review of biometeorological indices, followed by a &#xD;systematic policy search of country-level heat wave definitions to explore the variability of heat &#xD;protection mechanisms. We analyzed the regional coverage of heat wave definitions and &#xD;warnings by examining the diversity of variables and threshold limits for 112 &#xD;countries/territories. We identified the upper-most heat stress limits of biometeorological indices &#xD;that trigger serious illness or death. The findings highlight that a large proportion of countries &#xD;define heat waves based solely on maximum temperature, while only a few countries combine &#xD;them with minimum temperature and/or humidity. We also find significant geographical &#xD;variability in the incorporation of temperature limits with most countries in northern latitudes &#xD;defining heat waves at lower thresholds. We highlight the need for policy reforms towards &#xD;adjustment of heat warning thresholds to regionally appropriate levels considering rising extreme &#xD;heat conditions. Given the predominance of maximum temperature-centric approaches, we argue &#xD;that the focus of heat protection at the policy level must shift beyond projecting heat wave &#xD;episodes and considering broader heat-health associations beyond mortality by incorporating &#xD;heat stress indices.
Sensing the polarization of visible light with optimized absorbing nanorods
Authors: Michaloglou Alkmini , Tsitsas Nikolaos L , Valagiannopoulos Constantinos 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Photonic nanorods with multiple concentric layers are found to exhibit giant polarization selectivity when absorbing power from near-field sources. An improved version of Chaotic Accelerated Particle Swarm Optimization (CAPSO) is developed and employed to determine various designs for several combinations of alternating dielectric and plasmonic media, operated under visible light of different colors. The spatial distribution of the electromagnetic intensity unveils the nature of the sustained resonances across the cylindrical layers while the robustness of their response against changes in the physical dimensions is checked. The reported setups can be directly utilized as ultra-efficient components in polarization-controlled photonic integrated systems involving a wide spectrum of applications from sensing and multiplexing to analog signal processing and optical detection.
Behavioral responses of eastern larch beetle (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) to pheromone components and selected host-produced compounds in the Great Lakes region
Authors: Althoff Emily R , Sullivan Brian T , Grossenbacher-McGlamery Ian D , Aukema Brian H 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The eastern larch beetle, Dendroctonus simplex LeConte, is a North American species of bark beetle that shares the distribution of its host, Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch. A recent outbreak in the Great Lakes region has prompted renewed interest in the chemical ecology of eastern larch beetle and its natural enemies. Here, we describe field assays elucidating these insects’ flight responses to host resin odors and pheromone components in Minnesota and laboratory olfactometer assays illustrating walking responses by eastern larch beetle to pheromone components produced by female beetles. In field trials, the addition of host monoterpenes ∆-3-carene and α-pinene to seudenol lures increased trap captures of eastern larch beetles. Similarly, α-pinene increased captures of Thanasimus spp. predators in seudenol-baited funnel traps. Frontalin release rates between 0.014–3.3 mg/day did not significantly alter catches of eastern larch beetles with seudenol alone, however, still higher concentrations of frontalin (24 mg/day) decreased catches. In contrast, increasing frontalin release rates increased attraction of Thanasimus spp. to seudenol. In a laboratory olfactometer assay, a combination of frontalin and seudenol released at rates comparable to those of a solitary, mining female arrested walking male eastern larch beetles whereas either compound alone did not. Insights into the eastern larch beetle’s chemical ecology will improve understanding of cues in host and mate location that may be exploited for management.
Development of 2LTRZFP-expressing induced pluripotent stem cells as a potential anti-HIV-1 gene therapy against viral integration
Authors: Saiprayong Kritayaporn , Chupradit Koollawat , Sasithong Pasut , Suwanpitak Siriwal , Muneekaew Saitong , Thongsin Nontaphat , Srisantitham Jakkrapatra , Wattanapanitch Methichit 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Highly active antiretroviral drug (HAART) is the standard treatment for HIV-1 infection to suppress the viral load. However, this treatment does not completely eradicate the virus; it simply decreases the viral load to undetectable levels. The development of a novel therapy to cure the disease is essential. Previously, we developed an engineered zinc finger protein (ZFP) that specifically binds to the 2-LTR-circle junction (2LTRZFP), the target site for viral integrase, preventing HIV-1 integration in human CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) and macrophages. Although the transduction efficiency of 2LTRZFP was approximately 50%, purifying and expanding the 2LTRZFP-expressing HSPCs proved difficult. In addition, the batch-to-batch variability in transduction efficiency could have a major impact on the therapeutic efficacy. In this study, we introduced the 2LTRZFP into human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) followed by clonal isolation and functional validation of the 2LTRZFP. Upon the HIV-1 challenge, the 2LTRZFP protein was found to inhibit the viral integration in iPSCs, iPSC-derived HSPCs, and macrophages. The engineered iPSC clone could be differentiated into functional macrophages, as evidenced by M1 and M2 polarization, and phagocytosis. Our finding revealed that the 2LTRZFP did not perturb the macrophage differentiation process. Therefore, the 2LTRZFP-expressing iPSCs could provide an unlimited supply of HIV-1-resistant HSPCs for transplantation, potentially leading to HIV-1-resistant blood cells. The knowledge obtained from this study will provide a cornerstone for HIV-1 gene therapy using HSPC transplantation as a sustainable HIV-1 treatment in the future.
Efficiency of case-crossover versus time-series study designs for extreme heat exposures
Authors: Schimke Caleb , Garcia Erika , Silva Sam J. , Eckel Sandrah P. 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Time-stratified case-crossover (CC) and Poisson time series (TS) are two popular methods for relating acute health outcomes to time-varying ubiquitous environmental exposures. Our aim is to compare the performance of these methods in estimating associations with rare, extreme heat exposures and mortality—an increasingly relevant exposure in our changing climate.

Methods:
Daily mortality data were simulated in various scenarios similar to observed Los Angeles County data from 2014 to 2019 (N = 367,712 deaths). We treated observed temperature as either a continuous or dichotomized variable and controlled for day of week and a smooth function of time. Five temperature dichotomization cutoffs between the 80th and 99th percentile were chosen to investigate the effects of extreme heat events. In each of 10,000 simulations, the CC and several TS models with varying degrees of freedom for time were fit to the data. We reported bias, variance, and relative efficiency (ratio of variance for a “reference” TS method to variance of another method) of temperature association estimates.

Results:
CC estimates had larger uncertainty than TS methods, with the relative efficiency of CC ranging from 91% under the 80th percentile cutoff to 80% under the 99th percentile cutoff. As previously reported, methods best capturing data-generating time trends generally had the least bias. Additionally, TS estimates for observed Los Angeles data were larger with less uncertainty.

Conclusions:
We provided new evidence that, compared with TS, CC has increasingly poor efficiency for rarer exposures in ecological study settings with shared, regional exposures, regardless of underlying time trends. Analysts should consider these results when applying either TS or CC methods.
Comparative Analysis of Community Health Assessments and Community Health Improvement Plans by PHAB Accreditation Status Among Local Health Departments in Kentucky, 2015-2022
Authors: Firchow Bradley A , Boroughs Katie , Howard Joseph A. 
Published: February 2025

Objective:
This study investigates the variation in quality of community health assessments (CHAs) and community health improvement plans (CHIPs) between Public Health Accreditation Board (PHAB)-accredited and unaccredited local health departments (LHDs) in Kentucky. Building upon prior research examining the quality of CHA/CHIPs among PHAB-accredited LHDs in Kentucky, this study sought to compare CHA/CHIP quality between PHAB-accredited and unaccredited LHDs in Kentucky.

Design:
Quality assessment of publicly available CHA/CHIP documents used criteria adapted from the study by Pennel et al. (Nonprofit hospitals approach to community health needs assessment. Am J Public Health. 2015;105(3):e103–e113. doi:10.2105/ajph.2014.302286). LHDs were ranked across 17 criteria on a 6-point scale to generate composite scores for report quality. A Welch’s corrected unpaired t test was performed to assess the difference in report quality between accredited and unaccredited departments.

Setting:
PHAB-accredited and unaccredited LHDs in Kentucky. The study included publicly available CHA/CHIP reports generated by LHDs in Kentucky between 2015 and 2022.

Participants:
Seventeen CHAs and CHIP documents from PHAB-accredited LHD. The study analyzed 17 publicly available CHA/CHIP reports from PHAB-accredited LHDs and 15 publicly available CHA/CHIP reports from unaccredited LHDs.

Main Outcome Measures:
Quality scores were based on 17 evaluation criteria, including stakeholder involvement, data examination, plan feasibility, and LHD-hospital collaboration.

Results:
The study found significant variation in the quality of CHAs and CHIP documents across all LHDs. The highest criterion scores were for partner involvement, data examination, and plan feasibility. The lowest scores were for LHD-hospital collaboration, use of evidence-based strategies, and plan evaluation. No community variables significantly predicted overall report scores. The study found that accredited LHDs scored significantly higher than unaccredited LHDs on overall report quality.

Conclusions:
The quality of CHAs and CHIP documents varies among Kentucky LHDs, highlighting the need for more robust guidance and standardized criteria, particularly for LHDs not yet pursuing accreditation. Strengthening hospital-LHD collaboration and focusing on evidence-based strategies can improve public health outcomes. High-quality CHA/CHIP reporting is essential for effective public health interventions and improved health outcomes. Enhancing CHA/CHIP processes through legislative changes, departmental guidance, and the pursuit of public health accreditation are promising avenues for improvement.
MRI-Conditional Tissue Expanders in Breast Reconstruction: Clinical Outcomes and Radiation Therapy Implications
Authors: Clemens Mark W. , Mitchell Melissa P. , Christensen Joani M. , Olenczak J. Bryce , Shay Paul L. , Hanwright Philip , Ha Austin Y. , Kapur Sahil , Melancon Adam , Shuck John W. 
Published: February 2025

Background:
MRI-conditional tissue expanders (MRI-CTEs) were developed to address imaging artifacts and challenges in radiation planning associated with traditional tissue expanders (TTEs). This study aims to compare the clinical outcomes and radiation protocol impacts of MRI-CTEs versus TTEs in postmastectomy breast reconstruction.

Methods:
A retrospective review was conducted on immediate breast reconstruction with MRI-CTEs or TTEs between 2021 and 2024. Outcomes such as seroma, infection, malposition, and expander loss were analyzed.

Results:
A total of 867 tissue expanders were evaluated in 559 patients. The MRI-CTE cohort consisted of 103 patients (161 devices), and the TTE cohort included 456 patients (706 devices). Demographics, surgical details, and outcomes did not differ significantly including seroma (P=0.091), malposition (P=0.827), and mastectomy skin flap necrosis (P=0.251). Three cases (1.9%) in the MRI-CTE cohort required MRI evaluation but did not require explantation. The MRI-CTE group had a lower need for artifact management during radiation therapy and reduced imaging artifact size from 4 cm to 1 cm in diameter, allowing for a reduction in planning target volume margins from 20 mm to 5 mm, improving delineation accuracy by 75% and decreased irradiation of healthy tissue by up to 60%.

Conclusions:
MRI-CTEs may contribute to improved clinical outcomes with fewer surgical interventions and enhanced precision in radiation treatment planning. MRI-CTEs demonstrated similar surgical outcomes to TTEs but offered improved accuracy in radiation dose calculations. Reduced manual interventions for artifact adjustment decrease the potential for human error, enhancing the overall precision of radiation treatment delivery.
Ingress Time as a Metric for Indocyanine Green Angiographic Evaluation of Skin Flap Perfusion in Immediate Implant-Based Reconstruction
Authors: Lee Jong-koo , Jeon Byung-Joon , Woo Kyong-Je 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Rapid ingress is a hallmark of normal flap perfusion in indocyanine green (ICG) angiography. This study aimed to assess whether the ingress time in ICG angiography can be used to evaluate mastectomy skin flap (MSF) perfusion in immediate implant–based breast reconstruction (IBR).

Methods:
Consecutive patients who underwent immediate IBR with intraoperative ICG angiography between June 2021 and December 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. ICG angiography was performed for 120 seconds after temporary skin closure. The ingress time, defined as the time (in seconds) for ICG to perfuse the entire MSF, including incision margins, was recorded. The primary outcome measured was the development of full-thickness MSF necrosis. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and an F1 score based on the precision-recall curve analysis were used to determine the optimal ingress time cut-off value for predicting full-thickness necrosis of MSF.

Results:
The study included 203 breasts from 203 patients. Full-thickness necrosis of MSF developed in 33 patients (16.3%). The mean ingress times in the necrosis and no-necrosis groups were 104.6 seconds and 47.6 seconds, respectively (p < 0.001). In ROC and precision-recall curve analyses, the optimal cut-off value was 70.5 seconds, yielding a sensitivity of 82%, specificity of 84%, and accuracy of 83%. In multivariable analysis, an ingress time of 70.5 seconds or longer was a significant predictor of full thickness necrosis of MSF (odds = 26.79, p < 0.001)

Conclusions:
An ingress time in ICG angiography may serve as a novel metric for evaluation of MSF perfusion.
High-speed videomicroscopy and magnetorheology under triaxial unsteady magnetic fields
Authors: Martínez-Cano O. , Morillas J. R. , Ruiz-Nievas J. , Camacho G. , Rodríguez-Barroso A. , Ramírez J. , de Vicente J. 
Published: February 2025

We describe a custom-built device that is capable of superimposing triaxial unsteady magnetic fields on a sample at the same time that its microstructure is visualized using a high-speed camera and its rheological properties are measured with a commercial rheometer. The device reaches field strengths up to 5 kA·m−1, frequencies up to 4 kHz, and its functionality is evaluated by testing magnetorheological fluids under steady shear flow and field transients. Striking differences are found at small Mason numbers by changing the field configuration.

Published by the American Physical Society
2025
Digital well-being in hospitality: epistemology, scope, aggregation, and specification
Authors: Chen Yihong , Law Rob , Zhao Xinyuan 
Published: February 2025

Purpose
Digital well-being (DWB) has become a preoccupation of society, businesses and consumers because of the proliferation of technology and the pandemic. This study aims to understand the four main problems of DWB in hospitality (DWBH): epistemology, scope, aggregation and specification by adopting integrative literature review.

Design/methodology/approach
The systematic analysis process develops a dynamic DWBH framework, which connects individuals and society, based on the doughnut model. A critical method is used to conceptualize the DWBH and digital behavior change interventions (DBCIs) by combining psychology and sociology.

Findings
This study provides a definition of DWBH. It identifies three antecedents (digital design, awareness and utilization advancement), three decision factors (individual psychology, category differences and external environment) and four outcomes. The doughnut model visualizes dynamic sustainability of subjective well-being, master, engagement, autonomy, relationship and mastery. DBCIs provide a comprehensive strategy: effective design is essential, personalized implementation is standard, and strategy and structure ensure success.

Research limitations/implications
This study theoretically addresses issues of epistemology, scope and aggregation, expanding the existing knowledge base of DWBH and fostering theoretical integration across different disciplines. Practically, it provides actionable guidelines for stakeholders in hospitality to enhance community DWB, thereby promoting both individual and societal well-being.

Originality/value
This study makes a pioneering effort by extending the knowledge of DWBH with epistemology, scope, aggregation and specification. Furthermore, this study helps clarify the academic research process of DWBH, formulating management and practical strategies and improving individuals’ well-being.
Enhancing teachers’ job satisfaction through the artificial intelligence utilization
Authors: Bhojak Nimesh P. , Momin Mohammadali , Jani Dhimen , Mathur Ashish 
Published: February 2025

PurposeThis research paper investigates the utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) among teachers in higher education (universities and colleges) in India and its impact on teaching activities. The study explores teachers’ perceptions, attitudes and the factors influencing the integration of AI in their teaching practices.Design/methodology/approachA questionnaire-based survey was conducted involving 500 teachers in higher education (university and college) in India. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structure equation modeling.FindingsThe study addresses teachers’ expectations and attitudes toward AI integration in teaching practices. Results suggest that AI can potentially enhance teaching practices among teachers in higher education in India. The findings contribute to understanding AI adoption in teaching, providing insights for educational institutions and policymakers. Further research is recommended to validate the results across different regions and academic settings, leading to the development of strategies and support systems for successful AI implementation in teaching practices.Originality/valueThe originality of this research lies in its investigation of the integration of AI in college teaching practices among teachers in India. It contributes to the existing literature by exploring teachers’ perceptions, attitudes and the factors influencing the adoption of AI, providing valuable insights for educational institutions and policymakers in the Indian context.
Perception of Democracy and Women's Desire to Emigrate: Evidence From Sub‐Saharan Africa
Authors: I‐dé Dringa Sem , Otabela Nadege Ngah , Nga Ndjobo Patrick Marie 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTPerceptions of democracy remain an important determinant of people's migration choices in Sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA). Using cross‐sectional data on 42,224 individuals, 21,137 of whom were women, from 31 Sub‐Saharan African countries, this study examines the effect of women's perceptions of democracy on their desire to emigrate. The seemingly unrelated (SUR) bivariate probit method was used to analyze the data. This approach is used to deal with the potential endogeneity bias that arises when the dependent variable and the independent variable of interest are both endogenous and binary. The main finding of this study is that the more positive women's perceptions of democracy are, the less likely they are to want to emigrate. However, young women, educated women, and women who have experienced gender discrimination are more likely to want to emigrate. Consequently, Sub‐Saharan African countries need to strengthen the democratization process by ensuring the effective independence of democratic institutions, the separation of powers, and the protection of human rights. This would encourage women to remain in their countries of origin and contribute to a better understanding of the political sources of migration.
Transdermal Delivery of Baicalin Based on Bio‐Vesicles and Its Efficacy in Antiaging of the Skin
Authors: Chen Liang , Wang Fudi , Hu Xiaoyun , Li Nihong , Gao Ying , Xue Fengfeng , Xie Ling , Xie Min 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo develop a stable and efficient delivery system for baicalin, a flavonoid with potential antioxidant and antiaging properties, to overcome its limitations in solubility, stability, and skin permeability.MethodsBaicalin was encapsulated using ATP synthase molecular motor technology into bio‐vesicles derived from yeast/bacillus cell membranes, forming “motor baicalin” (MB). The liposome baicalin (LB), baicalin raw material (BRM), and bio‐vesicles were used for comparison. The stability, transdermal penetration, and antioxidant activity of MB, LB, BRM, and bio‐vesicles were evaluated through in vitro and in vivo tests.ResultsMB formed a stable core‐shell structure, significantly enhancing the water solubility and long‐term stability of baicalin. The tests confirmed superior transdermal penetration and antioxidant activity of MB, evidenced by increased expression of SOD, CAT, and GSH‐Px enzymes and improved cell proliferation and migration. Clinical trials demonstrated significant reductions in wrinkle depth and improvements in skin elasticity.ConclusionThis study presents a promising approach to improving the stability and transdermal delivery of baicalin. MB showcases potent antioxidant and antiaging properties, making it a valuable component in skincare products.
Sign Languages in Healthy Aging Population: Review of Neurobehavioral Evidence
Authors: Malaia Evie A. , Krebs Julia 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis work provides an overview of research on sign language changes observed in healthy aging signers. We first consider the effects of age on cognition, and the changes to neural structures and organization during aging, as both can be viewed as the processes underlying age‐related language changes in both sign and speech. We then review observational and experimental data on sign language processing in aging signers, where some of the more robust findings include reliance on the more canonic syntactic and lexical structures, as opposed to structures produced at the syntax‐pragmatics or semantics‐morphology interfaces. These findings are reviewed through the lens of several theories of brain aging, as we review the predictions that different frameworks make with respect to sign language, and discuss how sign language data can inform understanding of language change in healthy aging.