bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eating‐disordered behavior in Australian and Singaporean women: A comparative study
Authors: Mond Jonathan M. , Chen Anna , Kumar Rajeev 
Published: October 2009

AbstractObjective and MethodWe used the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE‐Q) to compare the specific eating disorder psychopathology of young adult women in Australia (n = 339) and Singapore (n = 164). All participants completed a brief questionnaire that included the EDE‐Q, basic socio‐demographic information, and self‐reported height and weight.ResultsOverall levels of eating disorder psychopathology, as measured by the EDE‐Q global score, were very similar. There were also no differences between groups on the EDE‐Q subscales. However, analysis at the item level indicated that Singaporean women were more fearful of losing control over their eating, more fearful of gaining weight or becoming fat, and more anxious at the prospect of regularly weighing themselves, than Australian women. Singaporean women were also more likely to report binge eating and laxative misuse, whereas excessive exercise was more common among Australian women. The findings were unaltered when between‐group differences in body weight were statistically controlled.DiscussionThe findings provide further evidence that levels of eating disorder psychopathology in some Asian countries may be as high as, if not higher than, those of Western nations. Potentially important differences between different cultural groups may be obscured when the assessment of eating disorder psychopathology is confined to summary‐type measures. © 2009 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2010; 43:717–723
Drastic Solid‐State Fluorescence Enhancement Behaviour of Phenanthro[9,10‐d]imidazole‐Type Fluorescent Hosts upon Inclusion of Carboxylic Acids
Authors: Ooyama Yousuke , Uwada Kazuki , Kumaoka Hironori , Yoshida Katsuhira 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe crystals of phenanthro[9,10‐d]imidazole‐type fluorescent host 1 exhibit drastic fluorescence enhancement behaviour with a redshift in the emission maximum upon enclathration of various carboxylic acids such as formic acid, acetic acid and propionic acid. The optical changes are greatly dependent on the identity of the enclathrated carboxylic acids. The fluorescent clathrate compounds are formed not only by cocrystallization from carboxylic acid solutions but also by solid (fluorescent host)–gas (carboxylic acid vapour) contact. Furthermore, when the acetic acid inclusion crystals are exposed to propionic acid vapour, acetic acid is gradually replaced by propionic acid. The guest exchange of the inclusion crystals was accompanied with colour and fluorescent intensity changes. The X‐ray structural analyses of the guest‐free and carboxylic acid inclusion compounds demonstrated that the destructions of the π–π interactions, and the intermolecular hydrogen bonds binding fluorophores were induced by the enclathrated carboxylic acid molecules. Moreover, the imidazole ring of the host is protonated by the enclathrated carboxylic acid proton. On the basis of the spectroscopic data and the crystal structures, the effects of the enclathrated carboxylic acid on the solid‐state photophysical properties of the clathrate compounds are discussed.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Effect of O6‐chloroethylguanine DNA lesions on the kinetics and mechanism of micronucleus induction in vivo
Authors: Morales‐Ramírez P. , Vallarino‐Kelly T. , Cruz‐Vallejo V.L. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe aim of this work was to determine the kinetics of micronucleus production because of an increase in O6‐chloroethyl guanine (O6‐ChlEt‐G) DNA lesions in murine bone marrow cells in vivo. We increased the frequency of O6‐ChlEt‐G lesions by pretreatment with an inhibitor of O6‐methylguanine‐DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), O6‐benzylguanine (O6BG), and subsequent treatment with bis‐chloroethylnitrosourea (BCNU). The kinetics of micronucleated‐polychromatic erythrocyte (MN‐PCE) induction was established by scoring the frequency of MN‐PCEs per 2000 PCEs in peripheral blood at 8‐hr intervals from immediately prior to treatment to 72‐hr post‐treatment. We examined groups of five mice treated with (i) dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), (ii) O6BG in DMSO, (iii) BCNU, or (iv) O6BG in DMSO plus BCNU. The data indicate that O6BG pretreatment causes: (i) ían increase in MN‐PCEs induced by BCNU, (ii) a delay in the time of maximal MN‐PCE induction produced by the different BCNU doses, and (iii) an increase in cytotoxicity. These data confirm that O6‐ChlEt‐G is a lesion involved in DNA break induction and in the subsequent production of micronuclei, and also that these lesions seem to be stoichiometrically reduced by MGMT. These data also show that induction of MN‐PCEs by BCNU is delayed by pretreatment with O6BG for more than 6 hr, perhaps due to the time required for repair of crosslinks derived from O6‐ChlEt‐G and/or for DNA duplication, which is required for adduct transformation into crosslinks. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Authenticity assessment of natural fruit flavour compounds in foods and beverages by auto‐HS–SPME stereoselective GC–MS
Authors: Ravid Uzi , Elkabetz Meital , Zamir Cheni , Cohen Keren , Larkov Olga , Aly Radi 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe authenticity of fruit flavours in foods and beverages is of great importance for the producers of jams, ice creams, soft drinks, yogurt, etc. Regulations regarding the authenticity of flavours in foods and beverages will help consumers choose the foods best suitable for them. In order to enhance this goal, we have used headspace–solid phase microextraction stereoselective gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (HS–SPME stereoselective GC–MS) to determine the enantiomeric ratios of chiral flavour and fragrance indicators present in the raw materials and in the products. γ‐Decalactone in peach, nectarine, strawberry, passion fruit and apricot, as well as (E)‐α‐ionone in raspberry and linalool and linalyl acetate in bergamot, were used as indicators in stereoselective analysis of commercial foods and beverages. In the fresh fruit aromas only one enantiomer was predominant or enantiomerically pure. In many commercial fruit products we detected racemic mixtures of the above‐mentioned chiral flavour compounds. The results suggest that HS–SPME stereoselective GC–MS could be a useful tool for differentiating natural flavour compounds from synthetic ingredients in quality control of foods and beverages. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Supramolecular Synthesis of Solid‐State Tapes Through Molecular Facial Self‐Recognition
Authors: Borzsonyi Gabor , Oderinde Martins S. , Beingessner Rachel L. , Deng Bo‐Liang , Yamazaki Takeshi , McDonald Robert , Kovalenko Andriy , Fenniri Hicham 
Published: October 2009

AbstractFour heterocyclic compounds are presented which exhibit specific self‐recognition of identical Donor–Acceptor (D–A) H‐bonding arrays, resulting in solid‐state tapes with the same, but anti‐parallel functional‐group distribution on opposite sides. A detailed X‐ray‐crystallographic analysis of these supramolecular structures is described.
Taxane Diterpenoids from Taiwanese Yew Taxus sumatrana
Authors: Chuang Chuan‐Fu , Abd El‐Razek Mohamed H. , Kuo Yuh‐Chi , Chien Ching‐Te , Chou Chang‐Hung , Shen Ya‐Ching 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThirty seven taxanes were characterized from the leaves and twigs of Taiwanese yew (Taxus sumatrana, Taxaceae). Four of these metabolites are new and designated as sumataxins A–D (1–4). Compound 1 possesses an 11(15→1),11(10→9)‐di‐abeo‐taxane skeleton with an unusual spiro‐connected 2,2‐dimethyl‐1,3‐dioxolane ring at C(4), whereas compound 2 has a rare β‐OH orientation at C(13) of taxane diterpene ester. In addition, sumataxin C (3) is formulated as an 11(15→1)‐abeo‐taxane with a 4,5‐acetonide ring skeleton. Compound 4 is the first metabolite with a 4,20‐epoxy‐taxane structure. The structures of all the taxanes were established by spectroscopic methods. All compounds were evaluated for anti‐HSV‐1 and PBMC activities. Compound 9 exhibited significant enhancement of cell proliferation on peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
Cultured human keratinocytes for optical transmission measurement
Authors: Schaaf David , Eurell Thomas , Johnson Thomas 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe challenges of measuring optical properties of human tissues include the thickness of the sample, homogenization, or crystallization from freezing of the tissue. This investigation demonstrates a method to avoid these problems by growing optically thin samples of human keratinocytes as a substitute for ex vivo epidermis samples. Several methods of growth were investigated. Resulting samples were measured on a spectrophotometer for transmission between 300 nm and 2600 nm. The efficacy of the cell growth was confirmed with histological examination of several cultured keratinocyte samples. Limitations were the requirement to measure samples immediately after removal from the incubation environment, and the absence of the irregular structures of normal skin such as hair and glands. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Tuning in to kids: an emotion‐focused parenting program—initial findings from a community trial
Authors: Havighurst Sophie S. , Wilson Katherine R. , Harley Ann E. , Prior Margot R. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThis study evaluated a new group parenting program, Tuning in to Kids, which taught emotion coaching skills to parents of preschool children. In a randomized control trial, 218 primary caregiver parents of children aged 4.0–5.11 years completed questionnaires assessing parent emotion socialization (emotion coaching vs. emotion dismissing), parent emotional competence, parent wellbeing and child behavior. Assessment occurred at preintervention and 10 weeks later. Parents randomized to the intervention condition (n=107) attended a 6‐session parenting program. Results showed parents in the intervention condition reported significant increases in emotion coaching and significant reductions in emotion dismissing with their children. Child behavior was also reported to improve. Of those with clinical levels of behavior difficulties, more than half were no longer at clinical level postprogram. These findings suggest that an emotion‐focused parenting intervention may assist parents to learn emotion‐coaching skills that have been linked to improved child behavior. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Do osmoregulators have lower capacity of muscle water regulation than osmoconformers? A study on decapod crustaceans
Authors: Foster Clarice , Amado Enelise M. , Souza Marta M. , Freire Carolina A. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractDecapod crustaceans occupy various aquatic habitats. In freshwater they are osmoregulators, while marine species are typically osmoconformers. Freshwater crustaceans are derived from marine ancestors. The hypothesis tested here was that osmoregulators, which can rely on salt transport by interface epithelia to prevent extracellular disturbance, would have a lower capacity of tissue water regulation when compared with osmoconformers. Four species of decapod crustaceans (the marine osmoconformer crab Hepatus pudibundus, and three osmoregulators of different habitats) have been exposed in vivo to a salinity challenge, for up to 24 hr. Osmoregulators were: the estuarine shrimp Palaemon pandaliformis, the diadromous freshwater shrimp Macrobrachium acanthurus, and the hololimnetic red crab Dilocarcinus pagei. H. pudibundus displayed hemolymph dilution already after 0.5 hr in 25‰, reaching ∼30% reduction in osmolality, but its muscle degree of hydration did not increase. To make the different in vivo salinity challenges directly comparable, the ratio between the maximum change in muscle hydration with respect to the control value measured for the species and the maximum change in hemolymph osmolality was calculated (×1,000): H. pudibundus (25‰, 8.1% kg H2O/mOsm×103)>P. pandaliformis (2‰, 9.2)>M. acanthurus (30‰, 12.6)>P. pandaliformis (35‰, 16.7)>D. pagei (7‰, 60.4). Muscle slices submitted in vitro to a 30% osmotic challenge confirmed in vivo results. Thus, the estuarine/freshwater osmoregulators displayed a lower capacity to hold muscle tissue water than the marine osmoconformer, despite undergoing narrower variations in hemolymph osmolality. J. Exp. Zool. 313A:80–94, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
NZ‐flows in strong products of graphs
Authors: Imrich Wilfried , Peterin Iztok , Špacapan Simon , Zhang Cun‐Quan 
Published: October 2009

AbstractWe prove that the strong product G1⊠ G2 of G1 and G2 is ℤ3‐flow contractible if and only if G1⊠ G2 is not T⊠ K2, where T is a tree (we call T⊠ K2 a K4‐tree). It follows that G1⊠ G2 admits an NZ 3 ‐flow unless G1⊠ G2 is a K4 ‐tree. We also give a constructive proof that yields a polynomial algorithm whose output is an NZ 3‐flow if G1⊠ G2 is not a K4 ‐tree, and an NZ 4‐flow otherwise. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 64: 267–276, 2010
Food hypersensitivity allergy or malabsorption
Authors: Waickman Francis J. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe terms milk allergy, milk sensitivity, and milk intolerance are used in the medical literature with different meanings. Milk allergy and lactase deficiency to which they are usually referring can be specifically differentiated and diagnosed. A modification of the Rinkel oral test meal can be used to separate these two entities for medical diagnostic accuracy and understanding.
Combined approach surgery for removal of glomus jugulare tumors
Authors: Gardner Gale , Cocke Edwin W. , Robertson James T. , Trumbull Merlin L. , Palmer Robert E. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe ideal surgical treatment for glomus jugulare tumors is total removal. Efforts have been made periodically to accomplish this since shortly after this tumor was first identified in the early 1940's. This paper describes a method of removal using a combined approach through the neck and temporal bone, preceded by a course of preoperative irradiation therapy. The early results that have been obtained using this procedure in 10 patients are reported.
Tumor immunology and immunotherapy
Authors: Herberman Ronald B. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractTumor cells contain a variety of antigens, including tumor associated antigens. The tumor associated antigens can be clinically useful as marker's for detection of cancer and some may also mediate host resistance against tumor growth. Much emphasis has been placed on the detection of circulating tumor associated markers, with radioimmunoassays for carci‐noembryonic antigen (CEA) being extensively utilized.At present, CEA does not appear to be promising for initial detection of cancer, but may find an important place in the determination of prognosis and early detection of recurrent disease. Many cancer patients have depressed immunologic competence, yet they frequently have cell‐mediated immunity against tumor associated antigens. Several different immuno‐therapeutic strategies have been developed, to either augment the immunologic responsiveness of the patient or to specifically increase the immune reactivity against tumor associated transplantation antigens.
Localization of collagenase in human middle ear cholesteatoma
Authors: Abramson Maxwell , Huang Cheng‐Chun 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe process of connective tissue breakdown in chronic otitis media is described in the context of recent advances in our understanding of collagen degradation and bone resorption. The significance of the initial step in collagen breakdown, brought about by the action of a specific collagen dissolving enzyme is emphasized in terms of recent studies in other chronic inflammatory diseases characterized by connective tissue breakdown.Bone resorption, a characteristic feature of chronic otitis media, requires the breakdown of collagen, which comprises over 90 percent of bone protein. Evidence in support of collagenase in bone resorption from adjacent tissue (in this case, inflammatory connective tissue) would require identification of the enzyme in cells involved in the inflammatory process adjacent to the resorbing bone.Collagenase was found localized in frozen sections of canal wall skin, middle ear granulation and in cholesteatoma by a specific binding of the enzyme with an antiserum produced against purified human skin collagenase. The antigen antibody complex was labelled with f luorescein. Collagenase appeared in the subepithelial connective tissue of cholesteatoma, granulation tissue from the middle ear and the dermis of canal skin; but was not seen in the keratin layer, epithelium or the epidermal appendages. The enzyme appeared within certain fibroblasts, macrophages and endo‐thelial cells of capillary buds. Collagenase enhanced by chronic inflammation attacks the intact collagen molecule, making it susceptible to further digestion by other proteases that are also products of inflammation. This process brings about resorption of connective tissue and bone.
Seventy‐six cases of presumed sudden hearing loss occurring in 1973: Prognosis and incidence
Authors: Byl Frederick M. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractA sudden hearing loss (SHL) research clinic to which 30 members of an ENT Society refer patients, accumulates information about incidence, prognosis, recovery patterns, and treatment of SHL. The diagnostic protocol includes laboratory, audiometric, and radiologic studies; patients are followed for a minimum of 10 months. Among 76 patients seen in 1973, the diagnosis of idiopathic SHL was retained in 52; more specific diagnoses were established in 24. The incidence of SHL in the general population is estimated at 10.7 cases per 100,000.Although the therapeutic protocol was individualized, all patients with idiopathic SHL were advised to restrict dietary sodium, to discontinue use of stimulants, and were given instructions regarding activity. Twenty‐six patients received prednisone. Results indicate that prednisone may have a beneficial effect when administered before the 10th day of SHL. Increasing age, hypertension, diabetes, and severe vertigo were found to be poor prognostic indicators. Outcome was significantly better in patients seen early in the course of their illness than in those seen later. Possible etiologic factors include vascular dysfunction and inflammatory response. Further studies of controlled series are needed to establish standards for diagnosis of SHL and its recovery pattern.
Acoustic and perceptual comparison of chronic and incipient spastic dysphonia
Authors: Wolfe Virginia I. , Ratusnik David L. , Feldman Howard 
Published: October 2009

AbstractVocal symptoms of patients with chronic and incipient spastic dysphonia were compared on a number of acoustic and perceptual parameters. Patients with incipient spastic dysphonia displayed less severe strain‐strangle phonation, effort, rhythm, and stress. Harshness was the only perceptual parameter on which incipient spastic dysphonics were rated higher than chronic spastic dysphonics. Changes in the acoustic measures of laryngealization, harmonic change, mean vowel duration, and duration ratio between stressed and unstressed vowels accompanied changes in listeners' perception of strain‐strangle phonation and effort. The variation in acoustic characteristics such as laryngealization and harmonic change as well as normal phonation indicated that both groups were characterized by a variety of phonatory modes.
Hypopharyngeal diverticulum and the cricopharyngeus muscle: A posterior surgical approach
Authors: Levine Howard L. , Wood Benjamin G. , Tucker Harvey M. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractHypopharyngeal diverticulum and dysphagia due to cricopharyngeus muscle dysfunction are a continuing challenge to the head and neck surgeon. The ability to completely transect the cricopharyngeus muscle is generally agreed to be the key to successful relief of symptoms, and—to an even greater extent—to prevention of recurrence. In the past, the most significant complications arising from such surgery have been recurrent laryngeal nerve injury and recurrent diverticulum or cricopharyngeus spasm. Both of these problems have been prevented by a modified surgical approach which takes advantage of the relatively bloodless retropharyngeal space. The logic of this posterior approach to the cricopharyngeus, from an anatomic standpoint, coupled with the good visualization and relatively bloodless field when approaching the muscle, suggests that it might be a suitable substitute for the more common lateral approach if continued long‐term experience in larger number of cases does not lead to significant complications.
Lip transposition in patients with facial paralysis
Authors: Miglets Andrew W. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractSince facial reanimation is not always possible in patients with facial paralysis, one must have alternate methods of reconstruction available. Satisfactory static reconstruction of the face may be accomplished with the use of a brow lift, tarsorrhaphy, and correction of the paralyzed mouth. Transposition of the corner of the mouth utilizing the Z‐plasty technique has proven to be an effective method to correct the drooling and garbled speech associated with facial paralysis. When combined with a brow lift and tarsorrhaphy, symmetry of the facial appearance while at rest has also been obtained.
Panel discussion: Glomus jugulare tumors of the temporal bone. Patterns of invasion in the temporal bone
Authors: Spector Gershon J. , Sobol Steven , Thawley Stanley E. , Maisel Robert H. , Ogura Joseph H. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to enumerate and define the exact patterns of glomus jugulare tumor invasion in the temporal bone. Special attention will be focused on those pathways which lead to central nervous system (CNS) invasion.
Ménière's disease as a form of cranial polyganglionitis
Authors: Adour Kedar K. , Byl Frederick M. , Hilsinger Raymond L. , Wilcox Robert D. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractAlthough endolymphatic hydrops is generally considered to be the most prominent factor in the etiology and pathology of Ménière's disease, we have concluded that this condition more probably represents a polyganglionitis caused by the herpes simplex virus with secondary hydrops changes. The wide range of symptoms occurring in the Ménière's disease complex is illustrated in seven selected cases which support this conclusion. Vestibular nerve section can stabilize hearing and relieve episodic vertigo by removing the locus of viral infection and precluding recurrent activation.
Clinical status of evoked response audiometry
Authors: Vivion Michael C. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractIn the past decade there has been a widespread renewal of interest in the clinical utilization of electroencephalic responses evoked by auditory stimulation. In particular, there has been considerable research conducted on the brain stem response, the frequency following response, and the middle latency response. An overview discussion of some of the latest findings from recent and ongoing investigations is presented. Discussion is centered initially on current ideas, findings, and controversies regarding the origins or site of generation of these responses.Clinical application of the responses is discussed from two perspectives, audiologic applications and neurologic applications. Essential parameters for evoking, recording and analyzing clinically these responses are summarized. Some of the problems resulting from a lack of standardized clinical testing protocols are also mentioned. Key findings from recent clinical studies of some investigators are cited. Also recent data concerning the developmental aspects of the responses on clinical testing are included.Finally, some directions for future research on these responses are discussed. One of the latest techniques for recording and analyzing the responses and its implications for site of lesion neurologic testing are described.