bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advancing environmental sustainability: The dynamic relationship between renewable energy, institutional quality, and ecological footprint in the N‐11 countries
Authors: Addai Godfred , Amegavi George Babington , Robinson Guy 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe goal of simultaneously increasing economic development while mitigating ecological disbenefits is a significant challenge for many countries. There is a growing recognition that greater attention must be given to environmental concerns to maintain and improve biodiversity and generate positive ecological outcomes as part of measures to meet the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Many countries have increased their reliance on renewable energy to reduce carbon emissions and overall ecological footprint, but it is argued that any positive relationship between economic growth and pro‐environmental outcomes relies heavily on the quality of a country's institutions. This paper investigates this contention, focusing on the so‐called Next 11 (N‐11) countries, that is those developing countries exhibiting the most rapid economic development in the last three decades. Using the cross‐sectionally augmented autoregressive distributed lags (CS‐ARDL) technique to address cross‐sectional dependence in panel data, this paper examines the effects of renewable energy and institutional quality on the ecological footprint of the N‐11 countries from 1990 to 2022. It shows that while economic growth frequently generates environmental degradation, increasing consumption of renewable energy reduces the ecological footprint provided that institutional quality contributes positively to pro‐environmental outcomes. This analysis highlights the important role of institutional quality when designing policies to promote environmental sustainability. The results provide a benchmark for policymakers in the N‐11 countries to increase investment in renewable energy resources to help deliver environmental sustainability goals while also emphasising the need for governments to develop improved institutional quality.
Hofmeister Effect‐Assisted Facile Fabrication of Self‐Assembled Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)/Graphite Composite Sponge‐Like Hydrogel for Solar Steam Generation
Authors: Yang Mohan , Wu Yaowei , Chen Mengdie , Wang Yuhao , Zhang Lei , Deng Yingxue , Ye Dezhan , Zhan Yanhu , Xiao Gao , Jiang Xiancai 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe use of hydrogel‐based interfacial solar evaporators for desalination is a green, sustainable, and extremely concerned freshwater acquisition strategy. However, developing evaporators that are easy to manufacture, cheap, and have excellent porous structures still remains a considerable challenge. This work proposes a novel strategy for preparing a self‐assembling sponge‐like poly(vinyl alcohol)/graphite composite hydrogel based on the Hofmeister effect for the first time. The sponge‐like hydrogel interfacial solar evaporator (PGCNG) is successfully obtained after combining with graphite. The whole process is environmental‐friendly and of low‐carbon free of freezing process. The PGCNG can be conventionally dried and stored. PGCNG shows impressive water storage performance and water transmission capacity, excellent steam generation performance and salt resistance. PGCNG has a high evaporation rate of 3.5 kg m−2 h−1 under 1 kW m−2 h−1 solar irradiation and PGCNG demonstrates stable evaporation performance over both 10 h of continuous brine evaporation and 30 cycles of brine evaporation. Its excellent performance and simple, scalable preparation strategy make it a valuable material for practical interface solar seawater desalination devices.
Bio‐Sprayed/Threaded Microalgae Remain Viable and Indistinguishable from Controls
Authors: Cui Jing , Eddaoudi Ayad , Purton Saul , Jayasinghe Suwan N. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMicroalgae are increasingly playing a significant role in many areas of research and development. Recent studies have demonstrated their ability to aid wound healing by their ability to generate oxygen, aiding the healing process. Bearing this in mind, the capability to spray/spin deposit microalgae in suspension (solution) or compartmentalize living microalgae within architectures such as fibers/scaffolds and beads, would have significance as healing mechanisms for addressing a wide range of wounds. Reconstructing microalgae‐bearing architectures as either scaffolds or beads could be generated via electric field (bio‐electrospraying and cell electrospinning) and non‐electric field (aerodynamically assisted bio‐jetting/threading) driven technologies. However, before studying the biomechanical properties of the generated living architectures, the microalgae exposed to these techniques must be interrogated from a molecular level upward first, to establish these techniques, have no negative effects brought on the processed microalgae. Therefore these studies, demonstrate the ability of both these jetting and threading technologies to directly handle living microalgae, in suspension or within a polymeric suspension, safely, and form algae‐bearing architectures such as beads and fibers/scaffolds.
Unlocking Potential of Pyrochlore in Energy Systems via Soft Voting Ensemble Learning
Authors: Tao Kehao , Wang Zhilong , Chen An , Han Yanqiang , Liu Jinyun , Zhang Xitian , Li Jinjin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn traditional machine learning (ML)‐based material design, the defects of low prediction accuracy, overfitting and low generalization ability are mainly caused by the training of a single ML model. Here, a Soft Voting Ensemble Learning (SVEL) approach is proposed to solve the above issues by integrating multiple ML models in the same scene, thus pursuing more stable and reliable prediction. As a case study, SVEL is applied to develop the broad chemical space of novel pyrochlore electrocatalysts with the molecular formula of A2B2O7, to explore promising pyrochlore oxides and accelerate predictions of unknown pyrochlore in the periodic table. The model successfully established the structure‐property relationship of pyrochlore, and selected six cost‐effective pyrochlore from the periodic table with a high prediction accuracy of 91.7%, all of which showed good electrocatalytic performance. SVEL not only effectively avoids the high costs of experimentation and lengthy computations, but also addresses biases arising from data scarcity in single models. Furthermore, it has significantly reduced the research cycle of pyrochlore by ≈ 22 years, offering broad prospects for accelerating the development of materials genomics. SVEL method is intended to integrate multiple AI models to provide broader model training clues for the AI material design community.
What Matters to Fabrication of Type II Porous Liquids: A Case Study on Metallocages and Bulky Ionic Liquid?
Authors: Dinker Manish Kumar , Li Meng‐Meng , Liu Yang , Zuo Mingrui , Ding Lifeng , Kou Jiahui , Sun Lin‐Bing 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPorosity in bulky solvents can be created by the methods of dispersing and dissolving porous hosts or by their chemical adornment. And the ensuing liquids with cavities offer requisite high gas uptakes. Intriguingly, metal–organic cages (MOCs) as discrete nanoporous hosts have been utilized recently as soluble entities to obtain a series of interesting type II porous liquids (PLs). Yet, factors affecting the fabrication of type II PLs have not been disclosed. Herein, three metallocages (NUT‐101, ZrT‐1‐NH2, and ZrT‐1) with the same zirconocene nodes but different organic ligands are chosen as porous hosts and a polyethylene‐glycol (PEG) linked bis‐imidazolium based IL, IL(NTf2), is used as a bulky solvent. It is revealed for the first time that the generation of type II PL depends upon the flexibility of MOCs and the interaction between MOCs and solvent molecules. The maximum solubility is observed with NUT‐101 (5%) in IL(NTf2) while ZrT‐1‐NH2 and ZrT‐1 remain least soluble (0.5% and 0.2%). As a result, PL‐NUT‐101‐5% with most intrinsic cavities shows higher CO2 uptake (0.576 mmol g−1) than PL‐ZrT‐1‐NH2‐0.5% and PL‐ZrT‐1‐0.2% as well as those reported type II PLs.
Ultra‐Rapid Electrocatalytic H2O2 Fabrication over Mono‐Species and High‐Density Polypyrrolic‐N Sites
Authors: Peng Wei , Chen Rui , Liu Xiaoqing , Tan Haotian , Yin Lichang , Hou Feng , Yang De'an , Liang Ji 
Published: June 2024

AbstractElectrocatalytic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production via two‐electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e−‐ORR) features energy‐saving and eco‐friendly characteristics, making it a promising alternative to the anthraquinone oxidation process. However, the common existence of numerous 2e−‐ORR‐inactive sites/species on electrocatalysts tends to catalyze side reactions, especially under low potentials, which compromises energy efficiency and limits H2O2 yield. Addressing this, a high surface density of mono‐species pyrrolic nitrogen configurations is formed over a polypyrrole@carbon nanotube composite. Thermodynamic and kinetic calculation and experimental investigation collaboratively confirm that these densely distributed and highly selective active sites effectively promote high‐rate 2e−‐ORR electrocatalysis and inhibit side reactions over a wide potential range. Consequently, an ultra‐high and stable H2O2 yield of up to 67.9/51.2 mol g−1 h−1 has been achieved on this material at a current density of 200/120 mA cm−1, corresponding Faradaic efficiency of 72.8/91.5%. A maximum H2O2 concentration of 13.47 g L−1 can be accumulated at a current density of 80 mA cm−1 with satisfactory stability. The strategy of surface active site densification thus provides a promising and universal avenue toward designing highly active and efficient electrocatalysts for 2e−‐ORR as well as a series of other similar electrochemical processes.
Regulating Water Adsorption Sites of Keto‐Enamine COF by Base Exfoliation and Deprotonation for Enhanced Humidity Response
Authors: Mei Aohan , Guo Hongbing , Zhang Wenyuan , Liu Yueli , Chen Wen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCovalent organic framework (COF) has received much attention owing to its unique framework structure formed by diverse organic units. However, challenges, including low conductivity, structure instability, and limited control of adsorption and desorption processes, stimulate the modification of COF in electronic sensors. Herein, inspired by the alterable structure of COF in different solvents, a facile base exfoliation and deprotonation method is proposed to regulate the water adsorption sites and improve the intrinsic conductivity of TpPa‐1 COF. TpPa‐1 COF powders are exfoliated to nanosheets to increase water adsorption, while the deprotonation is utilized to adjust the affinity of water molecules on TpPa‐1 COF framework, contributing to water accumulation in the 1D pores. The as‐fabricated TpPa‐1 COF sensor exhibits a decreased recovery time from 419 to 49 s, forming a linear relation between relative humidity (RH) value and humidity response. The excellent chemical stability of the covalent bond of TpPa‐1 COF contributes to the excellent stable device performance in 30 days, promoting further integration and data analysis in respiration monitoring.
Molybdenum‐Doped Cobalt‐Free Cathode Realizing the Electrochemical Stability by Enhanced Covalent Bonding
Authors: Wang Jiayi , Lei Xincheng , Guo Shengnan , Zhang Xiaomin , Deng Yaping , Ma Qianyi , Jin Mingliang , Zhao Lingzhi , Wang Xin , Chen Zhongwei , Su Dong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe doping strategy effectively enhances the capacity and cycling stability of cobalt‐free nickel‐rich cathodes. Understanding the intrinsic contributions of dopants is of great importance to optimize the performances of cathodes. This study investigates the correlation between the structure modification and their performances of Mo‐doped LiNi0.8Mn0.2O2 (NM82) cathode. The role of doped Mo's valence state has been proved functional in both lattice structural modification and electronic state adjustment. Although the high‐valence of Mo at the cathode surface inevitably reduces Ni valence for electronic neutrality and thus causes ion mixing, the original Mo valence will influence its diffusion depth. Structural analyses reveal Mo doping leads to a mixed layer on the surface, where high‐valence Mo forms a slender cation mixing layer, enhancing structural stability and Li‐ion transport. In addition, it is found that the high‐valence dopant of Mo6+ ions partially occupies the unfilled 4d orbitals, which may strengthen the Mo─O bond through increased covalency and therefore reduce the oxygen mobility. This results in an impressive capacity retention (90.0% after 200 cycles) for Mo‐NM82 cathodes with a high Mo valence state. These findings underscore the valence effect of doping on layered oxide cathode performance, offering guidance for next‐generation cathode development.
Defect Engineering at Buried Interface of Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Mohamad Noh Mohamad Firdaus , Arzaee Nurul Affiqah , Harif Muhammad Najib , Mat Teridi Mohd Asri , Mohd Yusoff Abd Rashid bin , Mahmood Zuhdi Ahmad Wafi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPerovskite solar cells (PSC) have developed rapidly since the past decade with the aim to produce highly efficient photovoltaic technology at a low cost. Recently, physical and chemical defects at the buried interface of PSC including vacancies, impurities, lattice strain, and voids are identified as the next formidable hurdle to the further advancement of the performance of devices. The presence of these defects has unfavorably impacted many optoelectronic properties in the PSC, such as band alignment, charge extraction/recombination dynamics, ion migration behavior, and hydrophobicity. Herein, a broad but critical discussion on various essential aspects related to defects at the buried interface is provided. In particular, the defects existing at the surface of the underlying charge transporting layer (CTL) and the bottom surface of the perovskite film are initially elaborated. In situ and ex situ characterization approaches adopted to unveil hidden defects are elucidated to determine their influence on the efficiency, operational stability, and photocurrent–voltage hysteresis of PSC. A myriad of innovative strategies including defect management in CTL, the introduction of passivation materials, strain engineering, and morphological control used to address defects are also systematically elucidated to catalyze the further development of more efficient, reliable, and commercially viable photovoltaic devices.
Effects of the unevenness on infilled material surface of the restraining parts on the structural performance of the buckling‐restrained brace using steel mortar planks
Authors: Fujita Masanori , Awazu Kengo , Nakamura Makoto , Iwata Mamoru 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe clearance between the core plate and restraining part of the buckling‐restrained brace using steel mortar planks (BRBSM) considerably affects its failure mode status and hysteretic characteristics. When the clearance is controlled by average, in some cases, the clearance exceeds its average value by local unevenness on infilled material surface. As a continuation of our study on the BRBSM with controlled clearance, effects of the unevenness on the infilled material surface of the restraining parts on the structural performance of the buckling‐restrained brace are examined and the possibility of securing a clearance that allows for the evenness is shown. A cyclic axial loading test is conducted using specimens with the evenness on infilled material surface; the effects on the failure mode, strength increase ratio, compression‐to‐tension strength ratio, and cumulative plastic strain energy ratio of the BRBSM are evaluated. Furthermore, the propagation process of the higher‐order buckling modes and the unevenness on infilled material surface are examined, measuring the strain distribution of the core plate under compressive and tensile loading.
Isolation of multi‐drug‐resistant strains of Escherichia coli from faecal samples of dogs and cats from Harare, Zimbabwe
Authors: Matope Gift , Chaima Kudzai , Bande Beauty , Bare Winnet , Kadzviti Faith , Jinjika Farai , Tivapasi Musavenga 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe escalation of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in recent years has been of major public health concern globally. Escherichia coli are amongst the bacteria that have been targeted for AMR surveillance due to their ability to cause infection in both animals and humans. Their propensity to produce extended spectrum beta‐lactamases further complicates the choices of treatment regimens.ObjectivesTo investigate the prevalence of antimicrobial‐resistance in E. coli strains isolated from faecal samples of dogs and cats from selected veterinary surgeries and animal shelters from Harare, Zimbabwe.Materials and MethodsA cross‐sectional study was carried out to select animals by a systematic random procedure. Faecal samples were collected for culture and isolation of E. coli. Their susceptibility to antimicrobial drugs was assessed using the disc diffusion method.ResultsA total of 95% (133/140) of the samples from cats (n = 40) and dogs (n = 93) yielded E. coli. Resistance was recorded for ampicillin (45.9%), trimethoprim‐sulphamethoxazole (44.4%), nalidixic acid (29.3%), ceftazidime (15.8%) and azithromycin (12.8%), but not for gentamicin and imipenem. A total of 18% of the isolates were multi‐drug‐resistant where resistance to nalidixic acid, ampicillin and trimethoprim‐sulphamethoxazole predominated.ConclusionWe observed relatively high AMR of E. coli strains against ampicillin. The isolation of multi‐drug‐resistant strains of E. coli may signal the dissemination of resistance genes in the ecosystem of these bacteria which may have a public health impact.
Unusual left colon displacement and clockwise torsion in a 10‐month‐old Arab filly: A case report
Authors: Azizi Saeed , Mazaheri‐Khameneh Ramin , Davoodi Farshid , Gooran Mohammad Mahdi , Ghoreishi Seyed Siavash , Mozaffari Nima , Dalir‐Naghadeh Bahram 
Published: June 2024

In this case report, we present an unusual clockwise torsion of left colon around mesenteric root in a 10‐month‐old Arab filly, highlighting the clinical presentation, diagnostic approach and successful surgical intervention.A 10‐month‐old Arab filly weighing approximately 250 kg was referred with signs of acute abdominal pain. The history revealed anorexia, restlessness and severe abdominal pain that had begun the previous day. The local practitioner had previously administered flunixin meglumine, an analgesic, but it proved ineffective in relieving the pain. Upon physical examination, the filly exhibited sweating, a body temperature of 38.5°C, tachycardia (65 beats per minute) and tachypnea (25 breaths per minute). Due to the severity of the colic and the lack of response to the conservative treatments, surgical intervention was deemed necessary. An exploratory midline celiotomy was performed to evaluate the abdominal organs. During the examination, no obvious primary lesions were identified in the evaluated organs. However, a restriction in exteriorizing the left colon's length was observed. Further examination revealed an unusual clockwise torsion of the left colon that displaced in left to the right side around the mesenteric root; thereby, pelvic flexure was located in the normal anatomical position with a short length.To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of clockwise torsion and an atypical displacement of the left colon in horses. The surgical correction of the displacement was successfully performed. The filly showed improvement post‐surgery and did not exhibit any complications during the recovery period.
Collections and Museums in the Historiography of the Earth Sciences
Authors: Podgorny Irina 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis chapter wants to show how museums and collections have been treated in recent historiographies of earth sciences as well as to examine the genesis, disappearance, and reemergence of museums and collections as spaces linked (or not) to knowledge production. It considers collections of minerals; rocks and fossils; and meteorites and gems; as well as inventories, books, and catalogues.
Concluding Remarks
Authors: Schilizzi Richard T. , Ekers Ronald D. , Dewdney Peter E. , Crosby Philip 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe conclude this account of the history of the SKA in its formative years with a brief analysis of the major issues and challenges faced by the project against a background of megaprojects in general and science megaprojects in particular. Other projects and mega-project scholars may benefit from seeing how this particular endeavour navigated its way towards becoming a reality.
Evolution of the SKA Science Case
Authors: Schilizzi Richard T. , Ekers Ronald D. , Dewdney Peter E. , Crosby Philip 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis chapter describes the evolving science case and how it informed the instrumental developments needed to build the SKA. It starts with an outline of the scientific context in 1990, and the tenth anniversary meeting for the Very Large Array in the USA (VLA). In the early 1990s a formal international working group was established through the International Union of Radio Science (URSI) to develop the science case for an SKA.
Site Selection Story, 2006–2012: Decision
Authors: Schilizzi Richard T. , Ekers Ronald D. , Dewdney Peter E. , Crosby Philip 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe previous chapter described the first three stages of site selection from 1994 to 2006. This took the reader from early national initiatives in China and Australia, to centrally coordinated activity to identify and characterise these and two other potential sites in Southern Africa and South America (Argentina together with Brazil), to the creation of a shortlist of two potential hosts, Australia and Southern Africa, in 2006.This chapter continues the story to its culmination in 2012 when the SKA governing body decided to locate the mid-frequency dish array in Southern Africa and the low-frequency array in Australia. The complex site decision process is described and analysed in detail, as is the evaluation of the hosting proposals by expert consultants and panels and by an external SKA Site Advisory Committee. The final stage leading to the site decision in 2012 was a time of considerable tension in the project, not least due to the site selection process having become highly political.
Market Virtues and Respect for Human Dignity
Authors: Calderón Gómez Luís C. , Talisse Robert , Weymark John A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLuigino Bruni and Robert Sugden have provided a normative defense of markets from a virtue ethics perspective. They interpret market exchange as being a practice in the sense of Alasdair MacIntyre. For Bruni and Sugden, the telos of a market is mutual benefit and a market virtue is a character trait or disposition that contributes to the realization of this benefit. They regard market virtues as embodying a moral attitude towards market interactions that is characterized by reciprocity. For MacIntyre, this is a partial account of a virtue. To qualify as a virtue, it is also necessary that it contributes to the good of an individual’s life taken as a whole and to the social tradition in which both practices and individuals are embedded. We adopt MacIntye’s understanding of a virtue and consider the extent to which Bruni and Sugden’s account of market virtues is compatible with respecting the fundamental human good of dignity in Kant’s sense of this term.