bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Almohad-Era Jewish Jurisprudence: Moses Maimonides and Joseph Ibn ʿAqnīn
Authors: Herman Marc 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Sarah Stroumsa’s 2009 Maimonides in his World spurred much reconsideration of Almohad influence on medieval Jewish thought. Many now accept that Almohad ideology was at least one crucible in which Moses Maimonides’s thought was forged. This paper broadens exploration of Almohad influences to include Maimonides’s understudied contemporary Joseph ben Judah Ibn ʿAqnīn. It focuses on the jurisprudential theories propounded by these two thinkers in order to evaluate the extent to which their views can be considered distinctively Almohad. Assessment of medieval Jewish legal theory in light of earlier Andalusian and developing Almohad thought allows for a fine-grained level of analysis, pinpointing when Jews endorsed Almohad ideas and when they ratified claims of other schools of Islamic law. In the end, at least on questions of jurisprudence, Maimonides and Ibn ʿAqnīn must be understood within several overlapping and mutually reinforcing traditions, namely, Andalusian Rabbanism, reformed Mālikism, and early Almohadism.
Disease Prevention in a Communist State and the Second Epidemiological Transition: The Case of Post-war Poland
Authors: Stasiak Marcin , Szpak Ewelina 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This article examines the issue of disease prevention in Poland under communist rule. The analysis is primarily focused on the second epidemiological transition – the process of displacing infectious diseases as the main cause of morbidity and mortality by chronic and degenerative conditions. The epidemiological transition coincided with the establishment of the new authorities and the stabilization of the socio-political order that the communists had introduced. This text will explore the interdependence of the political system and prophylaxis. Two interrelated problems are identified: the first is the role of the state in curbing infectious diseases; and the second is the ability of state institutions to identify and respond to new threats. The latter issue is considered in relation to the sharp rise in the incidence of cancer. This article demonstrates that the relationship between state and individual inherent in the authoritarian communist state was reflected in the ways in which prevention policies operated.
Evaluation of nasolabial esthetics in 8- to 12-year-old patients with cleft lip and palate by healthcare professionals in Northeast Thailand
Authors: Pradubwong Suteera , Paggasang Yupin , Pisek Poonsak , Winaikosol Kengkart , Jenwitheesuk Kamonwan , Chowchuen Bowornsilp 
Published: June 2024

Objective: To assess the aesthetics of the nasolabial appearance of patients with cleft lip and palate aged 8–12 years by experienced and inexperienced professionals. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 32 patients with cleft lip and palate, who underwent surgery and follow-up treatment at the Cleft Center. The research tools included a parent-completed survey providing GO graphic data and two-dimensional frontal view photographs of patients from both left and right sides. The aesthetic of the lip, nose, and nasolabial region was evaluated by an experienced and inexperienced medical professional team in groups of four individuals. In addition, data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, mean values, standard deviations, Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient, and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: The average age of patients was 10.32 years, mainly male (65.63%), had unilateral cleft lip and palate (62.50%), and underwent bone grafting (96.88%). Regarding the assessment in three aspects, the aesthetic score assessed by experienced evaluators is fair level (2.64 ± 1.09) with an acceptable value of 0.73. In contrast, the inexperienced evaluator showed a high level (2.43 ± 0.83) with a high inter-rater reliability acceptable value of 0.60. Inexperienced evaluators showed higher scores for the lip and nasolabial region than experienced evaluators, which was statistically significant ( p-values < 0.01). Conclusions: The inexperienced evaluators showed significantly higher scores for appearance than experienced evaluators. This result can improve surgical techniques in future procedures to meet the needs of patients seeking lip and nasolabial appearance corrections across different age groups.
Family Quality of Life for Rehabilitated Individuals: Evidence Based on Demographic, Psychological, and Rehabilitation Factors
Authors: Cheng Sanyin , Li Jiaqi , Luo Yan , Li Xuxu 
Published: June 2024

Objectives: This study explores the effects of demographic, psychological, and rehabilitation factors on rehabilitated individuals’ family quality of life (FQoL). Methods: Fifty-one rehabilitation patients were conveniently sampled in mainland China to complete a demographic sheet, the Psychological Stress Questionnaire, the MSPSS-C Scale, and the Grit Scale. Mean comparison, ANOVA, and regression were used to test the relationships among variables. Results: Occupation and income were demographic factors slightly affecting FQoL. Middle-class participants had the highest FQoL and felt better about family interactions, parenting style, and physical and mental health. Psychological distress, two dimensions of risk perception, and physical and mental responses were psychological factors closely related to their recognition of their FQoL; family support impacted their recognition of the FQoL more directly than friends’ support; and individuals with more perseverance had higher recognition of the FQoL. Rehabilitation factors and treatment methods, duration, and satisfaction impacted family life treatment to varying degrees. Conclusion: During rehabilitation, attention should be paid to the rehabilitation patients’ families, psychological factors, and treatment preferences. More reasonable and flexible rehabilitation programs should be provided.
Awareness of the rational use of medicines and the medication counseling practice in community pharmacies in Nyamagana district, Mwanza: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Mwita Stanley , Mgaya Ezra , Haule Ambrose 
Published: June 2024

Background: Community pharmacies play a vital role in promoting the rational use of medicines by providing medication counseling to their clients to ensure the safe and appropriate use of medicines. Thus, this study aimed to assess awareness of the rational use of medicines and the medication counseling practice in community pharmacies. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from June to July 2021. The study was carried out in community pharmacies in Nyamagana district, Mwanza, Tanzania. Data were collected using a self-administered, semi-structured questionnaire. The data for descriptive statistics were entered in Microsoft Excel and analyzed using STATA version 15. Results: A total of 68 pharmaceutical personnel participated in this study. Thirty-eight participants, that is, 55.9%, were aware of the rational use of medicines. The awareness was significantly influenced by the participant’s age and profession. The majority of the dispensers practiced rational use of medicines by telling their clients the dose of the medicine ( n = 63, 92.6%), frequency of administration ( n = 61, 89.7%), and route of administration ( n = 60, 88.2%). However, only 21 (30.9%) told clients about the need to comply with their medications. The information that was not regularly provided by dispensers to clients was the side effects of medicines ( n = 6, 8.8%). Less than a quarter of participants frequently told their clients information regarding why the medicine is prescribed, drug interactions, storage conditions, and contraindications. Conclusion: This study has shown that almost half of the participants were aware of the rational use of medicines. There was a low frequency at which information was given regarding medication compliance, side effects, storage conditions, drug interactions, and contraindications. These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions to enhance pharmaceutical personnel’s understanding of rational use of medicine principles and improve their practice of patient medication counseling.
GVHD targets organoid-forming bile duct stem cells in a TGF-β–dependent manner
Authors: Hasegawa Yuta , Hashimoto Daigo , Zhang Zixuan , Miyajima Toru , Saito Yumika , Li Wenyu , Kikuchi Ryo , Senjo Hajime , Sekiguchi Tomoko , Tateno Takahiro , Chen Xuanzhong , Yokoyama Emi , Takahashi Shuichiro , Ohigashi Hiroyuki , Ara Takahide , Hayase Eiko , Yokota Isao , Teshima Takanori 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a major life-threatening complication that occurs after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Although adult tissue stem cells have been identified as targets of GVHD in the skin and gut, their role in hepatic GVHD is yet to be clarified. In the current study, we explored the fate of bile duct stem cells (BDSCs), capable of generating liver organoids in vitro, during hepatic GVHD after allogeneic HCT. We observed a significant expansion of biliary epithelial cells (BECs) on injury early after allogeneic HCT. Organoid-forming efficiency from the bile duct was also significantly increased early after allogeneic HCT. Subsequently, the organoid-forming efficiency from bile ducts was markedly decreased in association with the reduction of BECs and the elevation of plasma concentrations of bilirubin, suggesting that GVHD targets BDSCs and impairs the resilience of BECs. The growth of liver organoids in the presence of liver-infiltrating mononuclear cells from allogeneic recipients, but not from syngeneic recipients, was significantly reduced in a transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)–dependent manner. Administration of SB-431542, an inhibitor of TGF-β signaling, from day 14 to day 28, protected organoid-forming BDSCs against GVHD and mitigated biliary dysfunction after allogeneic HCT, suggesting that BDSCs are a promising therapeutic target for hepatic GVHD.
Quadriparesis and paraparesis following chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy in children and adolescents
Authors: Diorio Caroline , Hernandez-Miyares Laura , Espinoza Diego A. , Banwell Brenda L. , Bar-Or Amit , DiNofia Amanda M. , Barz Leahy Allison , Martinez Zachary , Myers Regina M. , Hopkins Sarah E. , Rheingold Susan R. , Teachey David T. , Viaene Angela N. , Wray Lisa M. , Maude Shannon L. , Grupp Stephan A. , McGuire Jennifer L. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Immune effector cell–associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) is a common but potentially severe adverse event associated with chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CART) therapy, characterized by the development of acute neurologic symptoms following CART infusion. ICANS encompasses a wide clinical spectrum typified by mild to severe encephalopathy, seizures, and/or cerebral edema. As more patients have been treated with CART, new ICANS phenomenology has emerged. We present the clinical course of 5 children who developed acute onset of quadriparesis or paraparesis associated with abnormal brain and/or spine neuroimaging after infusion of CD19- or CD22-directed CART, adverse events not previously reported in children. Orthogonal data from autopsy studies, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow cytometry, and CSF proteomics/cytokine profiling demonstrated chronic white matter destruction, but a notable lack of inflammatory pathologic changes and cell populations. Instead, children with quadriparesis or paraparesis post-CART therapy had lower levels of proinflammatory cytokines, such as interferon gamma, CCL17, CCL23, and CXCL10, than those who did not develop quadriparesis or paraparesis. Taken together, these findings imply a noninflammatory source of this newly described ICANS phenomenon in children. The pathophysiology of some neurologic symptoms following CART may therefore have a more complex etiology than exclusive T-cell activation and excessive cytokine production.
Potential mechanisms of cancer prevention and treatment by sulforaphane, a natural small molecule compound of plant-derived
Authors: Liu Pengtao , Zhang Bo , Li Yuanqiang , Yuan Qipeng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDespite recent advances in tumor diagnosis and treatment technologies, the number of cancer cases and deaths worldwide continues to increase yearly, creating an urgent need to find new methods to prevent or treat cancer. Sulforaphane (SFN), as a member of the isothiocyanates (ITCs) family, which is the hydrolysis product of glucosinolates (GLs), has been shown to have significant preventive and therapeutic cancer effects in different human cancers. Early studies have shown that SFN scavenges oxygen radicals by increasing cellular defenses against oxidative damage, mainly through the induction of phase II detoxification enzymes by nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). More and more studies have shown that the anticancer mechanism of SFN also includes induction of apoptotic pathway in tumor cells, inhibition of cell cycle progression, and suppression of tumor stem cells. Therefore, the application of SFN is expected to be a necessary new approach to treating cancer. In this paper, we review the multiple molecular mechanisms of SFN in cancer prevention and treatment in recent years, which can provide a new vision for cancer treatment.
Mortality predictors in patients with suspected sepsis in the emergency department of a tertiary care hospital: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Bidart João P. M. , Rosa Regis G. , Bessel Marina , Pedrotti Luana G. , Goldani Luciano Z. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Sepsis remains a worldwide major cause of hospitalization, mortality, and morbidity. To enhance the identification of patients with suspected sepsis at high risk of mortality and adverse outcomes in the emergency department (ED), the use of mortality predictors is relevant. This study aims to establish whether quick sofa (qSOFA) and the severity criteria applied in patients with suspicion of sepsis in a monitored ED are in fact predictors of mortality.

Methods
We performed a retrospective cohort study among adult patients with suspicion of sepsis at the ED of a tertiary care hospital in Brazil between January 1st, 2019 and December 31, 2020. All adult patients (ages 18 and over) with suspected sepsis that scored two or more points on qSOFA score or at least one point on the severity criteria score were included in the study.

Results
The total of patients included in the study was 665 and the average age of the sample was 73 ± 19 years. The ratio of men to women was similar. Most patients exhibited qSOFA ≥ 2 (58.80%) and 356 patients (53.61%) scored one point in the severity criteria at admission. The overall mortality rate was 19.7% (131 patients) with 98 patients (14.74%) having positive blood cultures, mainly showing Escherichia coli as the most isolated bacteria. Neither scores of qSOFA nor the severity criteria were associated with mortality rates, but scoring any point on qSOFA was considered as an independent factor for intensive care unit (ICU) admission (qSOFA = 1 point, p = 0.02; qSOFA = 2 points, p = 0.03, and qSOFA = 3 points, p = 0.04). Positive blood cultures (RR, 1.63;95% CI, 1.10 to 2.41) and general administration of vasopressors at the ED (RR, 2.14;95% CI, 1.44 to 3.17) were associated with 30-day mortality. The administration of vasopressors at the ED (RR, 2.25; CI 95%, 1.58 to 3.21) was found to be a predictor of overall mortality.

Conclusions
Even though an association was found between qSOFA and ICU admission, there was no association of qSOFA or the severity criteria with mortality. Therefore, patients with a tendency toward greater severity could be identified and treated more quickly and effectively in the emergency department. Further studies are necessary to assess novel scores or biomarkers to predict mortality in sepsis patients admitted to the ED’s initial care.
Characterization of YABBY transcription factors in Osmanthus fragrans and functional analysis of OfYABBY12 in floral scent formation and leaf morphology
Authors: Shi Tingting , Zhou Ling , Ye Yunfang , Yang Xiulian , Wang Lianggui , Yue Yuanzheng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
The plant-specific YABBY transcription factor family plays important roles in plant growth and development, particularly leaf growth, floral organ formation, and secondary metabolite synthesis.

Results
Here, we identified a total of 13 OfYABBY genes from the Osmanthus fragrans genome. These 13 OfYABBY genes were divided into five subfamilies through phylogenetic analysis, and genes in the same subfamily showed similar gene structures and conserved protein motifs. Gene duplication promoted the expansion of the OfYABBY family in O. fragrans. Tissue-specific expression analysis showed that the OfYABBY family was mainly expressed in O. fragrans leaves and floral organs. To better understand the role of OfYABBY genes in plant growth and development, OfYABBY12 was selected for heterologous stable overexpression in tobacco, and OfYABBY12-overexpressing tobacco leaves released significantly fewer volatile organic compounds than wild-type tobacco leaves. Overexpression of OfYABBY12 led to the downregulation of NtCCD1/4 and decreased β-ionone biosynthesis. Correspondingly, a dual-luciferase assay showed that OfYABBY12 negatively regulated the expression of OfCCD4, which promotes β-ionone synthesis. Furthermore, tobacco leaves overexpressing OfYABBY12 were curled and wrinkled and had significantly reduced leaf thickness and leaf inclusions and significantly extended flower pistils (styles).

Conclusion
Overall, the results suggest that the OfYABBY gene family may influence the biosynthesis of the floral scent (especially β-ionone) in O. fragrans and may regulate leaf morphogenesis and lateral organs.
Mandelonitrile lyase MDL2-mediated regulation of seed amygdalin and oil accumulation of Prunus Sibirica
Authors: Chen Feng , Zang Junxin , Wang Zirui , Wang Jing , Shi Lingling , Xiu Yu , Lin Shanzhi , Lin Weijun 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
The Prunus sibirica seeds with rich oils has great utilization, but contain amygdalin that can be hydrolyzed to release toxic HCN. Thus, how to effectively reduce seed amygdalin content of P. sibirica is an interesting question. Mandelonitrile is known as one key intermediate of amygdalin metabolism, but which mandelonitrile lyase (MDL) family member essential for its dissociation destined to low amygdalin accumulation in P. sibirica seeds still remains enigmatic. An integration of our recent 454 RNA-seq data, amygdalin and mandelonitrile content detection, qRT-PCR analysis and function determination is described as a critical attempt to determine key MDL and to highlight its function in governing mandelonitrile catabolism with low amygdalin accumulation in Prunus sibirica seeds for better developing edible oil and biodiesel in China.

Results
To identify key MDL and to unravel its function in governing seed mandelonitrile catabolism with low amygdalin accumulation in P. sibirica. Global identification of mandelonitrile catabolism-associated MDLs, integrated with the across-accessions/developing stages association of accumulative amount of amygdalin and mandelonitrile with transcriptional level of MDLs was performed on P. sibirica seeds of 5 accessions to determine crucial MDL2 for seed mandelonitrile catabolism of P. sibirica. MDL2 gene was cloned from the seeds of P. sibirica, and yeast eukaryotic expression revealed an ability of MDL2 to specifically catalyze the dissociation of mandelonitrile with the ideal values of Km (0.22 mM) and Vmax (178.57 U/mg). A combination of overexpression and mutation was conducted in Arabidopsis. Overexpression of PsMDL2 decreased seed mandelonitrile content with an increase of oil accumulation, upregulated transcript of mandelonitrile metabolic enzymes and oil synthesis enzymes (involving FA biosynthesis and TAG assembly), but exhibited an opposite situation in mdl2 mutant, revealing a role of PsMDL2-mediated regulation in seed amygdalin and oil biosynthesis. The PsMDL2 gene has shown as key molecular target for bioengineering high seed oil production with low amygdalin in oilseed plants.

Conclusions
This work presents the first integrated assay of genome-wide identification of mandelonitrile catabolism-related MDLs and the comparative association of transcriptional level of MDLs with accumulative amount of amygdalin and mandelonitrile in the seeds across different germplasms and developmental periods of P. sibirica to determine MDL2 for mandelonitrile dissociation, and an effective combination of PsMDL2 expression and mutation, oil and mandelonitrile content detection and qRT-PCR assay was performed to unravel a mechanism of PsMDL2 for controlling amygdalin and oil production in P. sibirica seeds. These findings could offer new bioengineering strategy for high oil production with low amygdalin in oil plants.
Mikulicz’s disease combined with IgG4-related hypophysitis: a case report
Authors: Zhang Shu-Fan , Deng Jing , Xiao Jie , Wu Bi-Hua 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
IgG4-related diseases are very uncommon, and its diagnosis and treatment are complicated as it encompasses multiple disciplines.

Case presentation
: A 77-year-old woman was admitted with a jaw mass and nausea and vomiting. Laboratory tests showed elevated serum IgG4, pituitary MRI suggested thickening of the pituitary stalk, and head and neck CT suggested orbital and mandibular masses. Patients with mandibular mass were diagnosed with Mikulicz’s disease with IgG4-related hypophysitis. We found no other evidence of causing thickening of the pituitary stalk. She was given oral prednisolone 30 mg daily, and her nausea and vomiting improved significantly, and the mandibular and ocular masses decreased in size.

Conclusion
Mikulicz’s disease combined with IgG4-related hypophysitis is a rare case of IgG4-RD in elderly women. IgG4-RD is one of the causes of head and neck exocrine gland mass and pituitary stalk thickening in the elderly.