bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The HL‐A System in Reiter's Syndrome
Authors: Woodrow J. C. , Treanor BERYL , Usher NORMAN 
Published: July 2010

The HL‐A phenotypes were determined in 50 patients with Reiter's syndrome. HL‐A27 was found in 34 (68%) compared to 7.7% of controls. There was an association between the presence of HL‐A27 and sacro‐iliitis, uveitis and keratoderma blenorrhagica. Reiter's syndrome was found to have occurred in HL‐A27 positive identical twins. In four sibships a brother, sharing a haplotype with the proband, was found to have spondylitis. There was evidence that in some HL‐A27 positive individuals spondylitis had developed prior to the first attack of Reiter's syndrome, suggesting that spondylitis and Reiter's syndrome may be separate disease processes in the one genetically predisposed individual. When Reiter's syndrome was associated with severe keratoderma blenorrhagica and widespread psoriasiform lesions, sometimes with persisting psoriasis or recurrent uveitis, HL‐A27 was present and HL‐A17 absent.There is some evidence that the HL‐A phenotype itself does not determine susceptibility to disease in HL‐A27 positive individuals but that linked immune response genes may be present.
LD Homozygous Cells in the Warao Population: A Possible New Allele at the LD 1 Locus within the Main Histocompatibility Region in Man
Authors: Layrisse Z. , De Rodríguez M. Pulido , Heinen H. D. , Layrisse M. 
Published: July 2010

A Venezuelan isolate indigenous population, the Warao, with a very large proportion of IIL‐A identical unrelated subjects non‐reacting in MLC, has been considered a good potential source of LD homozygous cells. Cultures with lymphocytes from the members of several selected Warao families were performed with this aim and results obtained from three families are reported.In two of the families the parents share haplotype 2,5 and two of the siblings are SD double homozygous 2,5; in the third family, the common haplotype was 2, W15 and two of the siblings are also double homozygous 2,W15. Mixed lymphocyte cultures within the families have revealed that the SD homozygous children do not stimulate the cells from either parent thus being LD homozygous as well. Negative bilateral stimulation between the 2,5 LD homozygous cells indicates that the LD1 allele carried by these individual's lymphocytes is the same; the negative MLC response of the 2,W15 LD homozygous cells to the 2,5 cells used as stimulators suggest either that their LD determinant is identical or the LD W15 allele is included in the LD5. As the Warao show a very large proportion of MLC identical individuals and a very high incidence of HL‐A5 and W15, it is postulated that the LD allele(s) here described will be found in high frequency in this population.
HLA‐D Antigen of Japanese Origin (LD‐Wa) and its Association with Vogt‐Koyanagi‐Harada Syndrome
Authors: Yakura H. , Wakisaka A. , Aizawa M. , Itakura K. , Tagawa Y. , Sugiura S. 
Published: July 2010

One homozygous cell ‘Wa’ for HLA‐D alleles, associated with HLA‐Bw22J (Japanese specific variant of HLA‐Bw22), was found in a Japanese family. The HLA‐D antigenic specificity defined by this cell has been tentatively named LD‐Wa. Phenotype frequency of LD‐Wa in the Japanese population was 0.16 (13/81).HLA‐D typing for LD‐Wa was performed in patients with the Vogt‐Koyanagi‐Harada syndrome (Harada's disease) with which Bw22J is strongly associated (15/35, 42.9%; corrected P >0.02). LD‐Wa was present in 22 of 33 patients (66.7%; P >0.0000003). The association of LD‐Wa with Harada's disease was stronger than that of Bw22J, and this implies that there might be one of the disease susceptibility gene loci affecting the development of this disease more closely linked to an HLA‐D gene locus than the HLA‐B locus.
HLA‐SD Antigens and Schizophrenia: Statistical and Genetical Considerations
Authors: Smeraldi E. , Bellodi L. , Scorza‐Smeraldi R. , Fabio G. , Sacchetti E. 
Published: July 2010

The HLA‐SD phenotype distributions of hebephrenic and paranoid schizophrenics, and of the two groups combined, in an Italian population and in a combined group from the Swedish population have been analyzed statistically.There is a significantly decreased frequency of HLA‐A10 in all of these. There are some preliminary indications of an increased frequency (a positive association) for some of the other antigens of the HLA‐SD series, but there is insufficient data at present for evaluating the significance of these findings.Differences between hebephrenic and paranoid schizophrenics have been detected.
Second Locus HL–A Antigens and 4a or 4b
Authors: Bright Susan 
Published: July 2010

A panel of over 100 individuals was tested against several 4a and 4b antisera. A 4a/4b type was assigned to each individual on the basis of overall reactions with each group of sera. It was felt that because 4a and 4b antisera rarely give identical reaction patterns the use of several sera in each group gave a better definition of the specificities.The relationship between each second locus HL‐A specificity and 4a or 4b was assessed. Most of the “narrower” antigens showed complete inclusion within one group but there were some anomalies. Associations of these specificities were analysed further by absorption experiments.4a and 4b antisera were able to define differences in some second locus specificities which were not picked up by the narrower antisera. It seems likely that 4a and 4b represent a separate public site on the HL‐A gene product which is multifactorial. For a full description of the antigens all factors should be stated as there is not an invariant association between components.
HL‐A Frequencies in Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Bergman Lars , Lindblom J. Bertil , Säfwenberg Jan , Krause Urban 
Published: July 2010

Sixty‐two patients with Crohn's disease and 51 with ulcerative colitis were HL‐A typed. Phenotype frequencies were calculated and compared with those of a control group of 335 individuals. A higher frequency of HL‐A17 was found among the Crohn's disease patients but this was not significant. However, HL‐A17 has been included in two studies on Crohn's disease and the combined relative risk is 3.24 which significantly deviates from 1 unity.No statistically significant differences in the HL‐A antigen distribution were found among the patients with ulcerative colitis.
Correlation between Magnitude of MLC and Kidney Graft Survival in Intrafamilial Transplantation
Authors: Ringdén O. , Berg B. 
Published: July 2010

The role of HLA‐A and ‐B and HLA‐D compatibility was analyzed in 63 recipients of intrafamilial kidney grafts. At 1 year post‐transplantation the survival of grafts from HLA‐A and ‐B compatible donors was 89% and that of grafts from HLA‐A and/or ‐B incompatible donors 77%.Recipients with a Relative Response (RR) in MLC of < 20% towards their donors, indicating HLA‐D compatibility, had a 4‐year graft survival of 100%. After 1 year the graft survival of this group was statistically different (P < 0.01) from the 63% graft survival of recipients with an RR > 60%. An RR > 60% indicates HLA‐D incompatibility between recipient and donor. For patients with RR > 60% the 2‐year graft survival was 46%. This was lower than that of patients with RR < 20% (P < 0.001) and that of patients with an RR of 20–60% (P < 0.01). The recipients with an RR of 20–60%, indicating slight HLA‐D incompatibility with their donors, had a 2‐year graft survival of 88%.We concluded that graft survival was correlated to the magnitude of MLC response between recipients and donors in such a way that a high MLC response indicating HLA‐D incompatibility was associated with a high frequency of graft rejection while a low MLC response was associated with graft survival. HLA‐D compatibility correlated with an excellent outcome in five cases in spite of HLA‐A and ‐B incompatibility.
Polygenic Control of Mixed Lymphocyte Reactions in Dogs
Authors: Bijnen A.B. , Vriesendorp H.M. , Grosse‐Wilde H. , Westbroek D.L. 
Published: July 2010

The genetics of the MLR of the dog are studied using LD typing cells. The four new homozygous reference cells described bring the total number of defined LD specificities in this species to 11. In families, LD specificities generally segregate en bloc with the SD specificities of the DLA complex. The recombination frequency between the SD and LD loci is provisionally estimated to be 0.007. A slight but significant stimulation between two SD identical LD typed siblings could not be explained on the basis of a single recombination between the SD loci and one LD locus and therefore suggested the existence of an additional LD system.Unrelated SD different individuals with two different LD determinants in common frequently stimulate each other in MLR, but low responses are also encountered. The results described are compatible with a hypothesis of two segregant series of alleles for the genetic control of the MLR and linkage disequilibrium between certain alleles of these series. More conclusive evidence of the validity of this hypothesis and further knowledge of other factors which determine the response in the MLR are required before a reliable estimate of the importance of LD structures in histocompatibility can be made.
The HLA‐B14 Cross‐Reactive Group
Authors: Darke C. 
Published: July 2010

The serological analysis of 24 HLA antisera, produced by pregnancy alone, containing B14 and up to six additional specificities was carried out on a selected lymphocyte panel of 316 cells. HLA typing was performed on the antiserum donors and 21 of their husbands. The results show (i) bidirectional cross‐reactivity between B8, B14.1, B14.2, B18 and Bw39: (ii) cross‐reactivity between antibodies to these specificities and Bw22 (probably Bw22.1 (Cw3 associated) only): (iii) confirmation, with five antisera, of the cross‐reactivity between anti‐B14 and B5 (with evidence for the cross‐reaction being with Bw51 and not Bw52): (iv) cross‐reactivity between anti‐Bw39 and B37: (v) evidence for unidirectional cross‐reactivity between anti‐Bw38 and B8, B14.1 and B14.2: (vi) preferential cross‐reaction with the subdivisions of B14The concept of “shared antigenic determinants” is briefly discussed in relation to these findings.
HLA Antigens and Steroid Responsive Nephrotic Syndrome of Childhood
Authors: O'Regan D. , O'Callaghan U. , Dundon S. , Reen D. J. 
Published: July 2010

Fifty‐four unrelated children with steroid responsive nephrotic syndrome of childhood were studied for 24 alleles at the HLA–A and B loci. A significantly increased incidence of HLA–B8 (Pc < 0.01) was observed compared to controls.No association between response to cyclophosphamide therapy and HLA antigens was seen.
Functional Study and Detection of HLA‐ D Products on Fractionated Human Bone Marrow Cells
Authors: Fradelizi D. , Gluckman E. , Wiels J. , Sasportes M. , Fellous M. , Lepage V. , Faille A. , Valensi F. , Dausset J. 
Published: July 2010

Bone marrow cells from nine normal human volunteers, obtained from the Iliac crest, were used in this work for antigen determination and functional studies. The bone marrow aspirated cells were sequentially separated: elimination of erythrocytes, granulocytes and monocytes was achieved by Ficoll‐Isopaque centrifugation followed by plastic adherence. Purified bone marrow cells were finally separated by size using velocity sedimentation. The slow sedimenting small cells were shown to be mainly Tlymphocytes, probably of blood origin. The medium sized bone marrow cells were shown to contain myeloid precursors (CFu‐c). Large immature cells were in cycle actively synthesizing DNA molecules.HLA‐D and HLA‐DR detections on the fractionated cells were performed using three techniques: fluorescence with specific and HLA‐DR alio and xeno antisera; primed lymphocyte typing (PLT) with anti HLA‐DR monospecific in vitro primed lymphocytes and detection of the HLA‐D stimulating product using the bone marrow fractionated cells as stimulators in a mixed leukocyte culture. Concordant results were obtained with the three techniques. Lymphocytes in the bone marrow express HLA‐D‐products as peripheral lymphocytes. Bone marrow fractions depleted of lymphocytes and monocytes also contain approximately 20% of cells expressing HLA‐D products. The meaning of the expression of HLA‐D products on immature precursors non‐Iymphoid cells is discussed.
Absorption Analysis of BoLA Sera
Authors: Spooner R. L. , Morgan A. L. G. , Oliver R. A. 
Published: July 2010

BoLA specificities wl w2 w5 w8 w9 wlO and wll have been re‐examined by absorption. All of the clusters except w9 showed evidence of sub‐group specificities, but only in some cases (wl, w5, v8 and wll) is it suggested that the definition should be revised.The results show a very high degree of reproducibility between sera from different laboratories with clusters of narrow and wide sera for most specificities. These behave in all the cases reported here as linear sub groups or inclusion groups.
Expansion of Human Lymphocyte Populations Expressing, Specific Immune Reactivities. II. A Comparison of Immune Reactivities in Human Tlymphocyte Lines Derived from Allogeneically Primed Cultures, Maintained with Lectins or Conditioned Medium
Authors: Charmot Dominique , Malissen Bernard , Ghiotto Marguerite , Mawas Claude 
Published: July 2010

In a previous paper, lectins were shown to allow a strong expansion of in vitro primed cells‐, among the lectins tested, PKW but not PHA (nor Con A) was found to reactivate CTLs. We then asked two further questions: Could one maintain a long term expansion of human T cells using iterative lectin stimulation? And, if so, could the immune reactivities, once expressed in the original primed cells, also be maintained?We report here that lectins remain potent mitogens for primed cells, and allow good expansion over many cycles, provided fresh irradiated cells (autologous or not to the responder) are added to the cultures. When PKW is used as the iterative mitogen, both the specific proliferation (PLT) and the specific cytotoxicity are maintained after each cycle. When PHA is the iterative stimulant, only the specific proliferation (PLT) is maintained, while no measurable cytolysis is present.However, if iteratively PHA stimulated primed cells are now cultured in the absence of PHA, even without additional specific stimulation, cytolytic activity is recovered from the cultures.In parallel, primed cells iteratively expanded using conditioned medium appear to retain both their specific lytic function and their specific proliferative function.Preliminary data suggest that the cloning efficiency when using lectins is higher than when using conditioned medium.
Spina Bifida and Anencephaly Geographic Correlation with the HLA System Geographic Correlation with the HLA System
Authors: Feingold J. , Feingold N. , Bois E. 
Published: July 2010

The geographical correlation between the incidence of spina bifida and anencephaly and the HLA and ABO antigen frequencies are studied. There is a positive correlation between these malformations and Al and B8, and a negative correlation with B5 and Bw35.The role of the HLA system itself, or of a human T‐like locus, is discussed. This study provides evidence of a possible genetic background of susceptibility to these malformations.
The Role in Primary MLC of the non HLA–D/DR Determinant PL3A
Authors: Termijtelen A. , van Rood J. J. 
Published: July 2010

To test the influence in primary MLC of the newly PLT defined determinant PL3 A (Termijtelen et al. 1980), 11 Dw3/DR3 homozygous individuals were tested in an MLC matrix. Two groups of mutually negative cells were defined. The results appeared to correlate with the presence of PL3A. Cells from group 2 were stimulated by cells from group 1, but the reverse reactions were negative. A genetic model for this “one way” stimulation, observed in MLC as well as PLT, is discussed.We suggest that PL3A, which causes strong stimulation in PLT, also plays a role in primary MLC.
The Crossmatch in Renal Transplantation*
Authors: Morris Peter J. , Ting Alan 
Published: July 2010

During the past 4 years, 60 renal transplants (out of a total of 191) have been performed in the presence of a positive crossmatch between recipient serum and donor lymphocytes, in a lymphocytotoxic assay. Forty‐five grafts had a positive B‐cell crossmatch and 15 had a positive T + B cell crossmatch. The results of these transplants at both 1 month and in the long term, as assessed by actuarial survival curves, are similar to those seen where the transplant was performed with a negative crossmatch.Of the 45 recipients with a positive B‐cell crossmatch, reactivity with autologous lymphocytes was tested in 30, and 14 proved to be positive. Their survival rate was higher than that seen in the B‐cell positive crossmatch transplants not due to autoreactive antibodies, although the difference was not statistically significant. Of the 15 recipients with a positive T + B cell crossmatch 13 proved to be due to autologous reactivity. Again the survival rate was higher than that seen in the negative crossmatch grafts.Two‐thirds of the positive crossmatch grafts were implanted into recipients with antibodies reacting with over 85% of random panel cells. These patients would be considered extremely difficult or impossible to transplant in units with a policy of transplanting only with a negative crossmatch.Overall, our results show that donor‐reactive B‐cell antibodies and T + B cell antibodies which are autoreactive are not associated with increased graft failure. However, we have noticed a relatively high non‐function rate in the positive crossmatch transplants (particularly B‐cell positive). This suggests that there is still considerable heterogeneity of the antibodies which may give rise to a B‐cell positive crossmatch, and although most of these antibodies are harmless, it does seem that some are damaging. Thus it is important to further characterize the specificities of these antibodies and determine their effect on a subsequent renal allograft.
Aspects of the Primed Lymphocyte Typing (PLT) Technique
Authors: Morling N. , Platz P. , Ryder L. P. , Svejgaard A. , Thomsen M. 
Published: July 2010

The influence of different culture conditions in the primary and secondary cultures of the primed lymphocyte typing (PLT) technique was investigated with special reference to the discriminatory capacity of the PLT‐cells generated. In the primary cultures, the maximal yield of PLT‐cells was observed early (about day 7) and decreased thereafter, while the maximal specificity was obtained considerably later (about day 14).In the secondary cultures, the optimal culture time was in the interval 42 h ‐72 h, and up to this culture length, γ‐irradiation (2,200–8,800 rad) of the secondary stimulators had no effect on the 14C‐thymidine uptake of the cultures. In U‐form microtiterplates, the number of PLT‐cells per well should not be less than 2.5×104, and higher PLT‐cell numbers (e.g. 5.0×104 per well) may confer further robustness upon the technique. The PLT‐cell response and the discrimination was only slightly influenced by the number of secondary stimulator cells in the interval 5×104 to 2 × 105 cells per well. Freezing of the PLT‐cells under controlled conditions resulted in a minor loss of viable eosin‐excluding cells, while the specificity of the PLT‐cells was unaffected.Even when the culture conditions are standardized, it is necessary to perform a normalization of the data in order to obtain reproducible results. The normalization procedure should include a compensation for the variation in (i) the general responding capacity of each PLT‐cell and in (ii) the general stimulatory capacity of each secondary stimulator.
Synergism and Gene Dose Effect in HLA‐DR Serology
Authors: Madsen Melvin 
Published: July 2010

By mixing HLA‐DR antisera of different specificities and testing them against B lymphocytes carrying the corresponding antigens, a synergistic action of HLA‐DR antibodies was revealed. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that HLA‐DR and HLA‐ABC antibodies may act synergistically against appropriate B cells. HLA‐DR homozygous B lymphocytes were found to react more strongly with HLA‐DR specific antisera than heterozygous cells, thus revealing a gene dose effect in HLA‐DR serology.ABO antibodies were found not to react against B lymphocytes, either alone nor in concert with HLA‐DR antisera. The practical implications of synergism and gene dose effect in HLA‐DR serology are discussed.
Studies on an Isolated West Indies Population: I. Analysis of HLA Genotypes
Authors: Fumeron Frédéric , Feingold Nicole , Bois Etienne , Mayer Francine , Hors Jacques 
Published: July 2010

The transmission of HLA genes was studied in an isolated population of French origin on the lesser Antilles islands in the West Indies. The study of 74 unrelated individuals, 44 of whom were genotyped, was carried out for the alleles of HLA loci: A, B, C and Bf (proactivator factor of properdin).As a result of the founder effect and the inbreeding process, the HLA haplotypcs were noted to be less polymorphic than in a French continental population. Two haplotypes: A2, Cw5, B12, BfS and A3, C‐, B14, BfF represent 24% of the observed haplotypes, and only 2% of the reference haplotypes in France.No significant excess or deficit of homozygotes was observed at the A and B loci.
Characterization of Antibodies Reacting with Husband's Lymphocytes in Sera from Patients with Trophoblastic Malignancies
Authors: Tursz Thomas , Lipinski Marc , Guillard Maryvonne , Dutheil Marcelle , Boomer Julia G. , Amiel Jean‐Louis , Bodmer Walter F. 
Published: July 2010

Lymphocytotoxic antibodies reacting with husband's lymphocytes were demonstrated in 24 sera from women with trophoblastic neoplasia studied before any chemotherapy.These antibodies exhibited a maximal cytotoxic activity at +4°C. They reacted mainly with B lymphocytes as assessed by microlymphocytotoxicity assays using B‐or T‐cell enriched subpopulations and T‐or B‐cell lines as targets. They could not be absorbed out with platelets or erythrocytes, and did not react with autologous lymphocytes.In one double‐labelling immunofluorescence experiment, these antibodies could be stained by rhodamine‐conjugated Fab'2 anti‐μ fragments and thus appeared to belong to the IgM class. They were shown to react mainly with surface Ig (SIg) bearing lymphocytes, plus a minor SIg negative subset.Studies with panels of allogeneic normal B cells and of HLA homozygous B‐cell lines showed that the target antigen(s) recognized by these antibodies is clearly distinct from HLA‐D antigens. Corresponding antigens seem to be expressed on placenta, since the lymphocytotoxic antibodies could be absorbed out with trophoblastic homogenates and one serum reacted with JAR cells (cultured choriocarcinoma line).An enhancing role of such antibodies in the growth of trophoblastic malignancies may be suggested.
HLA‐A3, B7 linkage disequilibrium in hemochromatotic patients with or without insulin dependent diabetes
Authors: Saddi R. , Muller J. Y. , Pouliquen A. , Kaplan C. , Sylvestre R. 
Published: July 2010

Sixty‐six idiopathic hemochromatotic French patients were HLA‐A, B typed. The previously known strong association with A3 was confirmed (RR = 10.6, P <10–9) and our results indicate clearly that a gene implicated in idiopathic hemochromatosis (IH) determinism is located in the HLA‐A region.The linkage disequilibrium between A3 and B7 was found to be far greater in IH patients than in controls. The authors have therefore hypothesized that this might be due to a selective advantage of this haplotype in IH. The A3, B7, Dw2 HLA haplotype has been shown to exert a protective effect against common insulin dependent diabetes (IDD). Thus the patients were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of a definite IDD. B7 was found more frequently in IH patients without IDD but the difference is not significant.In this context, the strong linkage disequilibrium between A3 and B7 might be due to the protective effect of the B region of this haplotype against IH secondary IDD.