bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The moderating role of diabetes distress on the effect of a randomized eHealth intervention on glycemic control in Black adolescents with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Knauft Katherine M , Jacques-Tiura Angela J , Idalski Carcone April , Evans Meredyth , Weissberg-Benchell Jill , Buggs-Saxton Colleen , Boucher-Berry Claudia , Miller Jennifer L , Drossos Tina , Dekelbab Bassem , Ellis Deborah A 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective
Due to systemic inequities, Black adolescents with type 1 diabetes are more likely to have suboptimal glycemic control and high rates of diabetes distress, but tailored interventions for this population are lacking. In primary outcomes of a randomized clinical trial, a family-based eHealth intervention improved glycemic control in Black adolescents with type 1 diabetes and elevated depressive symptoms. The present study is a secondary analysis of these clinical trial data examining the moderating effect of diabetes distress on the efficacy of the intervention.

Methods
Using secondary data from a multicenter randomized clinical trial (Clinicaltrials.gov [NCT03168867]), caregiver–adolescent dyads were randomly assigned to either up to three sessions of an eHealth parenting intervention (n = 75) or a standard medical care control group (n = 74). Black adolescents (10 years, 0 months to 14 years, 11 months old) with type 1 diabetes and a caregiver willing to participate were eligible. Adolescents reported their diabetes distress at baseline, and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) data were collected at baseline, 6-, 13-, and 18-month follow-up.

Results
No between-group contrasts emerged in a linear mixed-effects regression (p’s &gt; .09). Within-group contrasts emerged such that adolescents assigned to the intervention who reported high diabetes distress had lower HbA1c at the 18-month follow-up relative to baseline (p = .004); the 18-month decrease in HbA1c was −1.03%.

Conclusions
Black adolescents with type 1 diabetes and high levels of diabetes distress showed significant decreases in HbA1c following a family-based eHealth intervention, suggesting diabetes distress may be a key moderator of intervention efficacy within this population.
Recent advances in paclitaxel biosynthesis and regulation
Authors: Coombe-Tennant Toby , Zhu Xiaoping , Wu Shihua , Loake Gary J 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Paclitaxel (PTX) is a high value plant natural product derived from Taxus (yew) species. This plant specialized metabolite (PSM) and its derivatives constitute a cornerstone for the treatment of an increasing variety of cancers. New applications for PTX also continue to emerge, further promoting demand for this WHO-designated essential medicine. Here we review recent advances in our understanding of PTX biosynthesis and its cognate regulation, which have been enabled by the development of transcriptomic approaches and the recent sequencing and annotation of three Taxus genomes. Collectively, this has resulted in the elucidation of two functional gene sets for PTX biosynthesis, unlocking new potential for the use of heterologous hosts to produce PTX. Knowledge of the PTX pathway also provides a valuable resource for understanding the regulation of this key PSM. Epigenetic regulation of PSM in plant cell culture is a major concern for PTX production, given the loss of PSM production in long-term cell cultures. Recent developments aim to design tools for manipulating epigenetic regulation, potentially providing a means to reverse the silencing of PSM caused by DNA methylation. Exciting times clearly lie ahead for our understanding of this key PSM and improving its production potential.
Association of barium deficiency with Type 2 diabetes mellitus incident risk was mediated by mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN): a follow-up study
Authors: Zhang Yiqin , Ye Jing , Zhou Lina , Xuan Xianfa , Xu Liping , Cao Xia , Lv Tianyu , Yan Jianhua , Zhang Siyu , Wang Yuxin , Huang Qingyu , Tian Meiping 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that plasma metal levels may be associated with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) incident risk. Mitochondrial function such as mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) might be linked to metal exposure and physiological metabolism. Mediation analysis was conducted to determine the mediating roles of mtDNA-CN in the association between plasma metals and diabetes risk. In the present study, we investigated associations between plasma metals levels, mtDNA-CN, and T2DM incident in the elderly population with a 6-year follow-up (two times) study. Ten plasma metals [i.e. manganese, aluminum, calcium, iron, barium (Ba), arsenic, copper, selenium, titanium, and strontium] were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. mtDNA-CN was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Multivariable linear regression and logistic regression analyses were carried out to estimate the relationship between plasma metal concentrations, mtDNA-CN, and T2DM incident risk in the current work. Plasma Ba deficiency and mtDNA-CN decline were associated with T2DM incident risk during the aging process. Meanwhile, plasma Ba was found to be positively associated with mtDNA-CN. Mitochondrial function mtDNA-CN demonstrated mediating effects in the association between plasma Ba deficiency and T2DM incident risk, and 49.8% of the association was mediated by mtDNA-CN. These findings extend the knowledge of T2DM incident risk factors and highlight the point that mtDNA-CN may be linked to plasma metal elements and T2DM incident risk.
Extensive reforms to improve funding efficiency: an interview with President Xiankang Dou of National Natural Science Foundation of China
Authors: Zhao Weijie , Zhu He 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Dr. Xiankang Dou (窦贤康) was appointed the President of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) in April 2023. As a distinguished researcher specializing in studying the middle and upper atmosphere of earth, Dr. Dou had served as the President of Wuhan University during 2016 to 2022 and was elected an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) in 2017.
At his new post in NSFC, Dr. Dou's first priorities include curtailing personal favors in the review process (often known as ‘say hello’ with an intent to lobby), reforming the scoring and renewing mechanisms for the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (DYS), opening the channel for DYS applications to researchers from Hong Kong and Macau, extending the age limit of female scientists for applying for DYS, and initiating funding programs for outstanding doctoral and undergraduate students. Recently, National Science Review (NSR) had an interview with Dr. Dou. He believes only through reform and experimentation can NSFC make steady progress in its efforts to support research of basic science and applied basic science in China and to cultivate promising scholars.
Arranging Whiteness
Authors: Doktor Stephanie 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In the 1920s, white bandleader Paul Whiteman became known as the King of Jazz. He sold more recordings associated with Black dance music than any other musician. He and his arrangers used racially coded sounds that appealed to his largely white, middle-class audience. By analyzing his recordings, this chapter tracks significant shifts in the compositional approaches of his arrangements throughout the decade. As jazz became more popular, especially among young, college-aged students, and Black musicians garnered national recognition for innovating American entertainment, Whiteman found new ways to stay musically relevant in a mercurial industry. This chapter uses his 1926 autobiography Jazz to show how the racialized language of his arrangements was ensconced in the gendered and sexualized language of white supremacy.
W. E. B. Du Bois
Authors: Morris Aldon D. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
W. E. B. Du Bois was a towering scholar and activist of the twentieth century. He was the preeminent analyst of race who demonstrated “races” were social constructs that facilitated exploitation of the powerless. Du Bois’s work anticipated Intersectionality, Critical Race Theory, and Whiteness Studies because he theorized interactions among race, class, and gender. As an activist, Du Bois was a major theoretician of numerous twentieth-century liberation struggles. Du Bois was a founder and participant in the Pan-African movement, Niagara movement, and the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Du Bois was active in the Peace movement and the Women’s movement. As a public intellectual, Du Bois fought to liberate humanity for seven decades. Thus, Du Bois was an incomparable scholar and activist of the twentieth century.
Mitochondrial Bioenergetics and Mitochondrial Structure with High-Resolution Imaging
Authors: Marx Nico , Busch Karin B. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Although Mitchell’s chemiosmotic theory has been widely accepted and applied for more than 55 years, it is not fully understood chemically or mechanistically. This chapter presents recent evidence that cristae are independent entities and that even within single cristae lateral proton gradients exist along the same side of the membrane. The chapter concludes that the proton motive force is neither homogeneous in a single organelle nor in single cristae, but rather a local, specific driving force. These findings could be obtained using local biosensors in combination with high-resolution microscopy, thus reflecting the processes and conditions in living cells. Finally, it is also possible to image the architecture and dynamics of bioenergetic membranes while they are active. This is an amazing breakthrough that allows us to visualize function in situ. With these capabilities, bioenergetics can provide deeper insights. Yet we are only at the beginning of understanding the vital link between function—structure—and dynamics in organelle coupled bioenergetic processes. This review provides a glimpse of the new possibilities.
The Higher Education Industry
Authors: Engwall Lars , Westney D. Eleanor 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Higher education is a complex and diverse industry dominated by a centuries-old organization, the university. It is an industry in which the forces for change have been both global, pulling towards certain models, and locally differentiated across countries and regions. Its dynamics over the centuries have been strongly influenced by an array of diverse and often demanding external regulators and stakeholders. This chapter traces the university from its emergence in medieval Europe to its institutionalization and global spread, and then discusses three challenges confronting the contemporary university: (1) tensions between its longstanding missions and the pressures of modern markets; (2) the interacting pulls of the global and the local; and (3) the challenges of governance in an increasingly complex external environment. The chapter concludes with some issues that may influence future dynamics in higher education.
Race and Bankruptcy
Authors: Kalsem Kristin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines how race and ethnicity matter in bankruptcy. It provides an overview of presented articles within the Washington & Lee Law Review entitled “Critical Race Theory: The Next Frontier," which includes the impact of bankruptcy laws on people of color. Dorothy Brown opens the symposium with an emphasis on the need for a critical eye concerning critical race theory and economic issues. The chapter also considers studies that revolve around why communities of color do not fare well in the legal realm of bankruptcy and the effects that attorneys’ fees have on debtors’ filing choices. It highlights the importance of US Census Bureau County Business Patterns (CBP) databases in understanding how race, ethnicity, gender, and their intersections matter in bankruptcy matters.
Amelioration as Course Correction
Authors: Haslanger Sally , Yablo Stephen 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Ameliorative inferences are normally read as practical: let w henceforth mean n, because n is somehow better than (its earlier meaning) m. So, let “meat” have a meaning that holds of Impossible Burgers. We suggest a theoretical reading: w does mean N, because M (once thought to be the meaning) is problematic. Supporting the theoretical reading is a metasemantic principle of reference electromagnetism, according to which words are repelled by unfortunate meanings and gravitate towards fortunate ones. Metasemantic electromagnetism falls naturally out of Davidsonian/Lewisian principles of charitable interpretation. Speakers are lovers of the good; otherwise, we couldn’t make sense of them. But it may take a while for the good to reveal itself.
Gender-Neutrality and Family Leave Policies
Authors: Holroyd Jules , Cull Matthew J. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Robin Dembroff and Daniel Wodak (2018, 2021) argue that we have a duty to use gender-neutral pronouns, but they do not extend this argument to all other aspects of our language. This chapter evaluates the extent to which gender-neutral language is desirable in the context of parental leave schemes, taking as a case study the parental leave schemes found at a higher education institution in the United Kingdom. It argues that the considerations Dembroff and Wodak take as speaking against gender-specific pronouns and other gender-specific aspects of language also strongly speak against gender-specific language in the context of parental leave policies. As a project in non-ideal theory, the chapter argues against the framing of existing policies which refer to ‘maternity’ and ‘paternity’ leave and for moving to the language of ‘parental’ or ‘family’ leave. The fact that the majority of those giving birth are women does not provide decisive reasons for framing policies in gender-specific terms. Moreover, given the welcome move to facilitate shared parental leave, any concerns for gender equity, and equity for carers, are better served by requesting demographic information for monitoring purposes rather than by policies that refer to gender-specific parenting roles.
The Contents of Maps
Authors: King Jeffrey C. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
It seems clear that maps have contents. Maps represent the world as being a certain way, and do so accurately or inaccurately. Presumably, they do this in virtue of having contents. Further, it seems that we can have attitudes toward the contents of maps. Surely, we can believe or doubt a map. A quick internet search revealed the following examples of people talking about believing maps: “Get out the compass, believe the map and work out where you really are”; “Corsica: Don’t Believe the Maps!”; “Episode 164: Don’t Believe Your Map” (History of the Roman empire podcast); “Turkey vs Russia: Which Map Do You Believe?”; “Which do you believe, the map or the GPS?”; and “Our inclination is to always believe the map.” Presumably, to believe or doubt a map is to have an attitude toward the content of the map. Further, people often talk about maps saying things or telling us things. Again, an internet search yielded the following examples: “This map is a total lie” (said about a Mercator projection); “The map says we’re fucked” (from Freddie’s Dead: The Final Nightmare); “We expect maps to tell us the truth”; and “We are inclined to trust maps and feel they are telling us the truth.” Again, presumably maps say things in virtue of having contents. Given that maps have contents, we immediately confront the question: What kinds of things are the contents of maps? The chapter attempts to answer that question.
American Sign Language, Audism, and Power
Authors: Burke Teresa Blankmeyer 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
“Language is power” is a well-used catchphrase, yet it is rarely deployed to denote differences in the power of language modality. Linguists speak of language modalities, meaning how the language is expressed—the modalities include spoken language, written language, and signed language. The default language modality is spoken language, followed by written language. Although signed languages are for the most part recognized by the public as languages today, thanks to the work of signed language linguists and others, such as the late William Stokoe, false beliefs about signing language modality persist. This chapter takes up the topic of language modality expression as an impetus for discrimination, focusing in on the ways in which the interactions and expectations of two language modality differences, signed and spoken, impact the communication experiences of signing Deaf people in terms of power. In identifying the inequities in signed and spoken language modality interactions through the discussion of several examples, it will identify and analyze three issues (which are related): language modality and direct access to language, language modality and symmetry of communication, and, finally, language modality and partial access to language.
The Second Great Awakening Context
Authors: Kidd Thomas S. , Young Samuel L. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines the major impulses that marked the evangelical revivals of the Second Great Awakening in the United States, and how Seventh-day Adventism emerged from this context. Beginning with the debates over disestablishment in the 1770s, American churches that embraced the theological populism of the frontier revivals found their numbers growing exponentially in the early nineteenth century. Buoyed by a commitment to common-sense realist approaches to Scripture, new religious movements sought to restore Christianity to its apostolic purity. Eschatological fervor fueled participation in new churches and spurred the formation of missionary societies and social reform organizations. The Millerites exemplified many of these characteristics, binding a novel reading of Scripture with a concern for social reform and a belief in Christ’s imminent return. In the wake of the Great Disappointment, these various changes in American religious culture became the basis for early Seventh-day Adventist identity.
Introduction
Authors: Campbell Michael W. , Chow Christie Chui-Shan , Holland David F. , Kaiser Denis , Miller Nicholas P. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The Seventh-day Adventist Church has about twenty-two million adherents across more than two hundred countries around the world. The Adventist denomination remains one of the fastest growing religious groups in the world, with a global network of schools and health institutions, as well as an active program of international development and relief work. Its members have played roles in popular culture, music and the arts, as well as politics. Adventism originated as a movement out of the Millerite revival of the 1830s and 1840s, and coalesced as a denomination in the 1850s and 1860s. It then began to spread around the globe beginning in the 1870s. Today it remains one of the least understood, though uniquely impactful, American religious groups. This introductory chapter offers a glimpse about why the reader should peruse the rest of the volume, and includes a brief outline of what to expect in subsequent chapters.
Adventist Anthropology
Authors: Yi Zane 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter traces the development of the theological ideas that intersect to form a distinct anthropology that undergirds this emphasis on health and helps explain the relationship between Seventh-day Adventist anticipation and activity. The overview falls into two general sections, first focusing on matters of constitution, that is the makeup of human beings ontologically before turning to issues of capability, that is, what humans are intended to and can morally and spiritually achieve. Adventist understandings on both matters were formed in the context of eschatological expectation, resulting in the affirmation of conditionalism and annihilationism and an emphasis on personal sanctification that includes healthful living and caring for the health of others. The emerging view will be located within the broader spectrum of Christian theological anthropology, one that is un-Platonic when it comes to matters of constitution and Wesleyan when it comes to capability.
Adventist Lifestyle
Authors: Knight George R. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Adventist lifestyle is a poorly defined field of study consisting of a wide variety of practices. Its development tended to be pragmatic rather than systematic. Generally, positions were developed as needs and/or problems arose. Beyond that, different sectors of the Adventist membership (e.g., fundamentalist, moderate, and liberal) often differ significantly on various lifestyle issues. The official position of the church on matters of lifestyle is principle based, culturally sensitive, and biblically informed, requiring members to apply those principles in their respective circumstances. This chapter examines several basic issues related to the nature and content of Adventist lifestyle and explores four lifestyle practices—stewardship, unclean foods, the time to begin and end the Sabbath, and dress and adornment.
Adventist Education
Authors: Beardsley-Hardy Lisa , Knight George R. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Adventism moved from an anti-formal education position in its early history with only Sabbath School in the early 1850s to the Seventh-day Adventist Church sponsoring 9,727 primary, secondary, and vocational schools, and 107 colleges and universities by the end of 2022. These include medical, nursing, dental, and allied health professional education in support of the denomination’s medical missionary vision and its healthcare network. The transformation was spurred by the need to train leaders, pastors, printers, and other denominational “workers” to proclaim the soon return of Christ. The philosophy undergirding the system was influenced notably by Ellen White, who spoke and wrote on “true education.” Adventist education has the unique responsibility of helping individuals understand Adventist beliefs in their apocalyptic context in relation to worldwide mission. The chapter concludes with a description of growth patterns globally and in the health professions, the role of accreditation, indicators of educational effectiveness, and current challenges.
Adventists in Latin America
Authors: Greenleaf Floyd 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
During the late 1880s and the 1890s Seventh-day Adventists established a permanent presence in Latin America. In 1916 and 1922 the Seventh-day Adventist world church organized two of its administrative divisions to manage its work in Latin America—the South American Division and the Inter-American Division. Both were led by missionaries. Beginning in the late 1930s and the following 1940s Walter Schubert, a German immigrant, began to emphasize evangelism among urban audiences. By 1980 it appears that control of Seventh-day Adventism in Latin America had passed from missionaries to homegrown leadership. Today, Seventh-day Adventists in Latin America number in the millions and operate a chain of institutions to accompany their congregations as well as to serve the public. They publish books, produce food, conduct hospitals, and offer degree-granting education. Their schools extend from kindergarten through the postbaccalaureate level, including schools of medicine and two inter-campus seminaries for ministers.