bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self‐Learning e‐Skin Respirometer for Pulmonary Disease Detection
Authors: Babu Anand , Kassahun Getnet , Dufour Isabelle , Mandal Dipankar , Thuau Damien 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAmid the landscape of respiratory health, lung disorders stand out as the primary contributors to pulmonary intricacies and respiratory diseases. Timely precautions through accurate diagnosis hold the key to mitigating their impact. Nevertheless, the existing conventional methods of lungs monitoring exhibit limitations due to bulky instruments, intrusive techniques, manual data recording, and discomfort in continuous measurements. In this context, an unintrusive organic wearable piezoelectric electronic‐skin respirometer (eSR) exhibiting a high‐sensitivity (385 mV N−1), precise conversion factor (12 mL mV−1), high signal‐to‐noise ratio (58 dB), and a low limit of detection down to 100 mL is demonstrated, which is perfectly suitable to record diverse breathing signals. To empower the eSR with early diagnosis functionality, self‐learning capability is further added by integrating the respirometer with the machine learning algorithms. Among various tested algorithms, gradient boosting regression emerges as the most suitable, leveraging sequential model refinement to achieve an accuracy exceeding 95% in detection of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD). From conception to validation, the approach not only provides an alternative pathway for tracking the progression of lung diseases but also has the capability to replace the conventional techniques, with the conformable AI‐empowered respirometer.
Silk Fibroin‐Based Nanoparticles Blended Fluoridated Hydrogel with Photodynamic Antibacterial for Infected Wound Healing
Authors: Liu Zehan , Liu Shengjie , Zhang Ming , Zhu Lei , Zhou LiBo , Hao Bonan , Zhou Guanqing , Wang Cheng , Zhu Chenhui , Ruan Zhengshang , Chen Hong , Liu Feng , Zhang Yongming 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTraditional approaches for treating wound infections often involve the use of chitosan or hyaluronic acid as carriers for antibacterial agents. In contrast, an innovative method is devised for wound infection management that synergizes photodynamic therapy (PDT) with novel functional matrix materials. This new strategy offers multiple benefits, such as reduced secondary damage to the wound area, a multifaceted antibacterial mechanism, and enhanced moisturization and biocompatibility. The method employs a novel organic semiconductor nanoparticle (OSN) capable of mediating PDT, which is integrated with silk fibroin (SF), perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA), and agar. Silk fibroin is demonstrated to effectively induce macrophage aggregation, while PDT can further activate these immune cells. The inclusion of PFSA bestows the hydrogel with moisturizing and porous characteristics. Both in vivo and in vitro antibacterial assays confirm the efficacy of PDT in eliminating bacteria, and mouse wound infection model studies show that the hydrogels significantly enhance wound healing and hair follicle regeneration. This novel hydrogel dressing holds promise as an advanced wound care solution, with substantial potential for promoting hair follicle regeneration and providing effective sterilization.
Totally Caged Type I Pro‐Photosensitizer for Oxygen‐Independent Synergistic Phototherapy of Hypoxic Tumors
Authors: Zeng Qin , Li Xipeng , Li Jiajun , Shi Mengting , Yao Yufen , Guo Lei , Zhi Na , Zhang Tao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractActivatable type I photosensitizers are an effective way to overcome the insufficiency and imprecision of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of hypoxic tumors, however, the incompletely inhibited photoactivity of pro‐photosensitizer and the limited oxidative phototoxicity of post‐photosensitizer are major limitations. It is still a great challenge to address these issues using a single and facile design. Herein, a series of totally caged type I pro‐photosensitizers (Pro‐I‐PSs) are rationally developed that are only activated in tumor hypoxic environment and combine two oxygen‐independent therapeutic mechanisms under single‐pulse laser irradiation to enhance the phototherapeutic efficacy. Specifically, five benzophenothiazine‐based dyes modified with different nitroaromatic groups, BPN 1−5, are designed and explored as latent hypoxia‐activatable Pro‐I‐PSs. By comparing their optical responses to nitroreductase (NTR), it is identified that the 2‐methoxy‐4‐nitrophenyl decorated dye (BPN 2) is the optimal Pro‐I‐PSs, which can achieve NTR‐activated background‐free fluorescence/photoacoustic dual‐modality tumor imaging. Furthermore, upon activation, BPN 2 can simultaneously produce an oxygen‐independent photoacoustic cavitation effect and a photodynamic type I process at single‐pulse laser irradiation. Detailed studies in vitro and in vivo indicated that BPN 2 can effectively induce cancer cell apoptosis through synergistic effects. This study provides promising potential for overcoming the pitfalls of hypoxic‐tumor photodynamic therapy.
Strong and Thermo‐Switchable Gel Adhesion Based on UCST‐Type Phase Transition in Deep Eutectic Solvent
Authors: Xu Huiyao , Li Haocheng , Zhang Yan , Guan Ying , Zhang Yongjun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIt remains a great challenge to achieve strong and reversible hydrogel adhesion. Hydrogel adhesives also suffer from poor environmental stability due to dehydration. To overcome these problems, here reversible adhesive gels are designed using a new switching mechanism and new solvent. For the first time, the study observes UCST (upper critical solution temperature)‐type thermosensitive behaviors of poly(benzyl acrylate) (PBnA) polymer and gel in menthol:thymol deep eutectic solvents (DESs). The temperature‐induced phase transition allows adjusting cohesive force, and hence adhesion strength of PBnA gels by temperature. To further improve the mechanical and adhesion properties, a peptide crosslinker is used to allow energy dissipation when deforming. The resulting eutectogel exhibits thermal reversible adhesion with a high switching ratio of 14.0. The adhesion strength at attachment state reaches 0.627 MPa, which is much higher than most reversible adhesive hydrogels reported before. The low vapor pressure of DES endows the gel excellent environmental stability. More importantly, the gel can be repeatedly switched between attachment and detachment states. The strong and reversible gel adhesive is successfully used to design soft gripper for the transport of heavy cargos and climbing robot capable of moving on vertical and inverted surface in a manner similar to gecko.
Thermal Warning and Shut‐down of Lithium Metal Batteries Based on Thermoresponsive Electrolytes
Authors: Lan Yueyang , Xiang Liujie , Zhou Junyu , Jiang Sheng , Ge Yifan , Wang Caihong , Tan Shuai , Wu Yong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe thermal runaway issue represents a long‐standing obstacle that retards large‐scale applications of lithium metal batteries. Various approaches to inhibit thermal runaway suffer from some intrinsic drawbacks, either being irreversible or delayed thermal protection. Herein, this work has explored thermo‐responsive lower critical solution temperature (LCST) ionic liquid‐based electrolytes, which provides reversible overheating protection for batteries with warning and shut‐down stages, well corresponding to an initial stage of thermal runaway process. The batteries could function stably below 70 °C as a working mode, while demonstrating a warning mode above 80 °C with a noticeable reduction in specific capacitance to delay temperature increase of batteries. In terms of 110 °C as a critically dangerous temperature, a shut‐down mode is designed to minimize the thermal energy releasing as the batteries are barely chargeable and dischargeable. Dynamically growing polymeric particles above LCST contributed to such an intelligent and mild control on specific capacitance. Larger size will occupy larger surfaces of electrodes and close more pores of separators, enabling a gradual suppressing of Li+ transfer and reactions. The present work demonstrated a scientific design of thermoresponsive LCST electrolytes with a superiorly precise and intelligent control of electrochemical performances to achieve self‐adapted overheating protections.
Multiparametric Brain Hemodynamics Imaging Using a Combined Ultrafast Ultrasound and Photoacoustic System
Authors: Chen Haoyang , Mirg Shubham , Gaddale Prameth , Agrawal Sumit , Li Menghan , Nguyen Van , Xu Tianbao , Li Qiong , Liu Jinyun , Tu Wenyu , Liu Xiao , Drew Patrick J. , Zhang Nanyin , Gluckman Bruce J. , Kothapalli Sri‐Rajasekhar 
Published: June 2024

AbstractStudying brain‐wide hemodynamic responses to different stimuli at high spatiotemporal resolutions can help gain new insights into the mechanisms of neuro‐ diseases and ‐disorders. Nonetheless, this task is challenging, primarily due to the complexity of neurovascular coupling, which encompasses interdependent hemodynamic parameters including cerebral blood volume (CBV), cerebral blood flow (CBF), and cerebral oxygen saturation (SO2). The current brain imaging technologies exhibit inherent limitations in resolution, sensitivity, and imaging depth, restricting their capacity to comprehensively capture the intricacies of cerebral functions. To address this, a multimodal functional ultrasound and photoacoustic (fUSPA) imaging platform is reported, which integrates ultrafast ultrasound and multispectral photoacoustic imaging methods in a compact head‐mountable device, to quantitatively map individual dynamics of CBV, CBF, and SO2as well as contrast agent enhanced brain imaging at high spatiotemporal resolutions. Following systematic characterization, the fUSPA system is applied to study brain‐wide cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) at single‐vessel resolution via relative changes in CBV, CBF, and SO2in response to hypercapnia stimulation. These results show that cortical veins and arteries exhibit differences in CVR in the stimulated state and consistent anti‐correlation in CBV oscillations during the resting state, demonstrating the multiparametric fUSPA system's unique capabilities in investigating complex mechanisms of brain functions.
Pathways to Upscaling Highly Efficient Organic Solar Cells Using Green Solvents: A Study on Device Photophysics in the Transition from Lab‐to‐Fab
Authors: Mazzolini Eva , Pacalaj Richard A. , Fu Yuang , Patil Bhushan R. , Patidar Rahul , Lu Xinhui , Watson Trystan M. , Durrant James R. , Li Zhe , Gasparini Nicola 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAs the rise of nonfullerene acceptors (NFA) has allowed lab‐scale organic solar cells (OSC) to reach 20% efficiency, translating these devices into roll‐to‐roll compatible fabrication still poses many challenges for researchers. Among these are the use of green solvent solubility for large‐scale manufacture, roll‐to‐roll compatible fabrication, and, not least, information on charge carrier dynamics in each upscaling step, to further understand the gap in performance. In this work, the reproducibility of champion devices using slot‐die coating with 14% power conversion efficiency (PCE) is demonstrated, under the condition that the optimal thickness is maintained. It is further shown that for the donor:acceptor (D:A) blend PM6:Y12, the processing solvent has a more significant impact on charge carrier dynamics compared to the deposition technique. It is found that the devices processed with o‐xylene feature a 40% decrease in the bimolecular recombination coefficient compared to those processed with CB, as well as a 70% increase in effective mobility. Finally, it is highlighted that blade‐coating yields devices with similar carrier dynamics to slot‐die coating, making it the optimal choice for lab‐scale optimization with no significant loss in translation toward up‐scale.
Magnetic Array‐Aided Visualizing PEMFC Degradation Heterogeneity
Authors: Sun Yuning , Mao Lei , Hu Zhiyong , Zhang Xiaoyu , Peng Ranran 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAnalyzing degradation heterogeneity of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) while maintaining high practicality is consistently challenging, primarily due to the destructive and costly nature of existing techniques relying on material characterization. In this work, a designed magnetic array integrating 16 sensors within 25 cm2 space is used for direct scanning and imaging of PEMFC performance heterogeneity during its degradation. Results are validated through degradation mechanism analysis and material characterization, confirming its potential in guiding the development of durable materials.
Regulating Ion Diffusion and Stability in Amorphous Thiosilicate‐Based Solid Electrolytes Through Edge‐Sharing Local Structures
Authors: Hao Xiaoge , Quirk James A. , Zhao Feipeng , Alahakoon Sandamini H , Ma Jiabin , Fu Jiamin , Kim Jung Tae , Li Weihan , Li Minsi , Zhang Shumin , Duan Hui , Huang Yining , Dawson James A. , Sun Xueliang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAmorphous solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs) play a pivotal role as fundamental components within all‐solid‐state lithium batteries, yet their understanding lags behind that of crystalline materials. In this work, a novel amorphous SSE 5Li2S‐3SiS2 (mol %) with a high ionic conductivity of 1.2 mS cm−1 is first reported. The silicon and sulfur atoms in the edge‐sharing Si2S64− are less attracted to lithium compared to the SiS44− anion, which is expected to facilitate the lithium ions conduction in SSEs. More importantly, the relationship between the material properties and local structure in the amorphous thiosilicate SSEs is revealed, particularly highlighting the desirable edge‐sharing local structure. The Si2S64− presents better stability with Li metal. This work offers an important guideline in the development of anion frameworks in amorphous sulfide SSEs for high‐performance all‐solid‐state lithium metal batteries.
Multi‐shaft stirred reactors mixing efficiency: Rapid characterization strategy based on chaotic attractors
Authors: Meng Tong , Yang Jie , Wang Songsong , Wang Yu , Qin Shuang , Wang Yundong , Tao Changyuan , Zhang Qian , Liu Zuohua 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe complex fluid dynamics mechanism of multi‐shaft stirring systems has constrained their application in industrial production. In this work, we have extracted torque signals to correlate power consumption with rotational speeds across single, dual, and triple shaft stirred reactors. Remarkably, the reasons behind the unique linear power consumption‐rotational speed relationship exhibited in triple‐shaft reactor, through the application of Fractional Fourier Transform. Our comparative analysis, through mixing energy, reveals multi‐shaft systems' superiority in energy‐efficient mixing. More importantly, the interaction between impellers and fluid within a reactor is reflected in the evolving of torque chaotic attractors. We have established a novel characterization strategy by fractal dimension of attractors which reflect the reactors' mixing efficiency. By mathematically modeling these attractors, we have demonstrated their potential as a tool for establishing the internal dynamics equations of stirred reactors. This approach offers a new method for evaluating mixing effectiveness and automated control of stirring machinery.
Grace period of human mortality has declined for over a century
Authors: Giaimo Stefano 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectivesHuman mortality is U‐shaped and, therefore, defines an age separating lives with an overall negative net change in mortality from lives with an overall positive net change in mortality. How has age changed, also relatively to life expectancy, over recent human history? And how does compare between humans and other primates, the mortality of which is also U‐shaped?MethodsModeling data from the Human Mortality Database, the historical change of in advanced economies is reported and compared with that of primates in wild and captive conditions the demography of which was already modeled in the literature.ResultsIn humans, a marked decline in for both sexes, also relatively to their life expectancy, is associated with medical and economic progress. Comparing wild with captive conditions in nonhuman primates, magnitude, and direction of the change in , both relatively to life expectancy and absolutely, can depend on genus and sex.ConclusionsWith medical and economic progress, human lives have transitioned from a negative to a positive net change in mortality independently of sex. There is no evidence of an analogous transition occurring in other primates when their environment is made more benign.
Platelet‐Drug Conjugates Engineered via One‐step Fusion Approach for Metastatic and Postoperative Cancer Treatment
Authors: Zhao Zhengjie , Yang Yinxian , Sheng Tao , Bao Yuhang , Yu Ruixi , Yu Xinmin , Jia Shuangxu , Wu Qing , Zhu Chaojie , Shen Xinyuan , Zhang Wentao , Lu Ziyi , Ji Kangfan , Chen Xiaofeng , Jiang Xinyun , Zhang Yuqi , Gu Zhen , Yu Jicheng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe exploration of cell‐based drug delivery systems for cancer therapy has gained growing attention. Approaches to engineering therapeutic cells with multidrug loading in an effective, safe, and precise manner while preserving their inherent biological properties remain of great interest. Here, we report a strategy to simultaneously load multiple drugs in platelets in a one‐step fusion process. We demonstrate doxorubicin (DOX)‐encapsulated liposomes conjugated with interleukin‐15 (IL‐15) could fuse with platelets to achieve both cytoplasmic drug loading and surface cytokine modification with a loading efficiency of over 70 % within minutes. Due to their inherent targeting ability to metastatic cancers and postoperative bleeding sites, the engineered platelets demonstrated a synergistic therapeutic effect to suppress lung metastasis and postoperative recurrence in mouse B16F10 melanoma tumor models.
Cu(I)‐Glutathione Assembly Supported on ZIF‐8 as Robust and Efficient Catalyst for Mild CO2 Conversions
Authors: Wang Wenjuan , Wang Tiansheng , Chen Shuang , Lv Ying , Salmon Lionel , Espuche Bruno , Moya Sergio , Morozova Oksana , Yun Yapei , Di Silvio Desiré , Daro Nathalie , Berlande Murielle , Hapiot Philippe , Pozzo Jean‐Luc , Yu Haizhu , Hamon Jean‐René , Astruc Didier 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe Cu‐glutathione (GSH) redox system, essential in biology, is designed here as a supramacromolecular assembly in which the tetrahedral 18e Cu(I) center loses a thiol ligand upon adsorption onto ZIF‐8, as shown by EXAFS and DFT calculation, to generate a very robust 16e planar trigonal single‐atom Cu(I) catalyst. Synergy between Cu(I) and ZIF‐8, revealed by catalytic experiments and DFT calculation, affords CO2 conversion into high‐value‐added chemicals with a wide scope of substrates by reaction with terminal alkynes or propargyl amines in excellent yields under mild conditions and reuse at least 10 times without significant decrease in catalytic efficiency.
Learning from Protein Engineering by Deconvolution of Multi‐Mutational Variants
Authors: Hollmann Frank , Sanchis Joaquin , Reetz Manfred T. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis review analyzes a development in biochemistry, enzymology and biotechnology that originally came as a surprise. Following the establishment of directed evolution of stereoselective enzymes in organic chemistry, the concept of partial or complete deconvolution of selective multi‐mutational variants was introduced. Early deconvolution experiments of stereoselective variants led to the finding that mutations can interact cooperatively or antagonistically with one another, not just additively. During the past decade, this phenomenon was shown to be general. In some studies, molecular dynamics (MD) and quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) computations were performed in order to shed light on the origin of non‐additivity at all stages of an evolutionary upward climb. Data of complete deconvolution can be used to construct unique multi‐dimensional rugged fitness pathway landscapes, which provide mechanistic insights different from traditional fitness landscapes. Along a related line, biochemists have long tested the result of introducing two point mutations in an enzyme for mechanistic reasons, followed by a comparison of the respective double mutant in so‐called double mutant cycles, which originally showed only additive effects, but more recently also uncovered cooperative and antagonistic non‐additive effects. We conclude with suggestions for future work, and call for a unified overall picture of non‐additivity and epistasis.
Structural Mapping of Protein Aggregates in Live Cells Modeling Huntington's Disease
Authors: Guo Zhongyue , Chiesa Giulio , Yin Jiaze , Sanford Adam , Meier Stefan , Khalil Ahmad S. , Cheng Ji‐Xin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWhile protein aggregation is a hallmark of many neurodegenerative diseases, acquiring structural information on protein aggregates inside live cells remains challenging. Traditional microscopy does not provide structural information on protein systems. Routinely used fluorescent protein tags, such as Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP), might perturb native structures. Here, we report a counter‐propagating mid‐infrared photothermal imaging approach enabling mapping of secondary structure of protein aggregates in live cells modeling Huntington's disease. By comparing mid‐infrared photothermal spectra of label‐free and GFP‐tagged huntingtin inclusions, we demonstrate that GFP fusions indeed perturb the secondary structure of aggregates. By implementing spectra with small spatial step for dissecting spectral features within sub‐micrometer distances, we reveal that huntingtin inclusions partition into a β‐sheet‐rich core and a ɑ‐helix‐rich shell. We further demonstrate that this structural partition exists only in cells with the [RNQ+] prion state, while [rnq−] cells only carry smaller β‐rich non‐toxic aggregates. Collectively, our methodology has the potential to unveil detailed structural information on protein assemblies in live cells, enabling high‐throughput structural screenings of macromolecular assemblies.
Photorefinery of Biomass and Plastics to Renewable Chemicals using Heterogeneous Catalysts
Authors: Feng Shixiang , Nguyen Phuc T. T. , Ma Xinbin , Yan Ning 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe photocatalytic conversion of biomass and plastic waste provides opportunities for sustainable fuel and chemical production. Heterogeneous photocatalysts, typically composed of semiconductors with distinctive redox properties in their conduction band (CB) and valence band (VB), facilitate both the oxidative and reductive valorization of organic feedstocks. This article provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in the photorefinery of biomass and plastics from the perspective of the redox properties of photocatalysts. We explore the roles of the VB and CB in enhancing the value‐added conversion of biomass and plastics via various pathways. Our aim is to bridge the gap between photocatalytic mechanisms and renewable carbon feedstock valorization, inspiring further development in photocatalytic refinery of biomass and plastics.