bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Personal and perceived partner orgasm pursuit: A daily diary study about the gendered orgasm gap
Authors: Wolfer Carly , Carmichael Cheryl L 
Published: February 2025

Interdependence theory reveals the robust influence romantic partners have on each other’s outcomes. However, research on “the orgasm gap”—that men orgasm significantly more often than women in partnered (hetero) sex—relies largely on women-only samples and ignores gendered interpersonal influences. We apply interdependence theory and investigate how gendered interpersonal orgasm goal pursuit (OGP) underlies orgasm inequity in relationships. With a 21-day diary study of heterosexually partnered individuals ( N = 127, 18–40 yrs), we tested a novel experience sampling assessment of interdependent OGP that measures event-level personal OGP, partner OGP, and perceived partner OGP. Results from multi-level models on 566 sex events revealed that men were 15x more likely to orgasm, and were more satisfied, than women. Men reported higher personal and perceived partner OGP, and lower partner OGP than women during sex. Higher levels of personal and perceived partner OGP during sex were associated with greater orgasm likelihood and satisfaction. Moreover, perceived partner OGP moderated the link between personal OGP and satisfaction, such that personal OGP was associated with greater satisfaction at high, but not low, levels of perceived partner OGP. Personal OGP is thus unlikely to yield satisfying orgasms and sex without (perceived) collaboration from a partner. This research exposes an orgasm pursuit gap, in favor of men’s orgasm, that contributes to inequity in partnered sex between men and women. We discuss how sexual pleasure equity requires symmetric pursuit of orgasm goals and interdependent strategies, rather than dwelling on women’s individual level barriers to orgasm.
Stakeholders’ Perspectives on Anti-tobacco Legislation and Tobacco Use: Findings from a Qualitative Study
Authors: William Sibin Sudha Bright , C K Radhika , G K Libu 
Published: February 2025

Background Globally, tobacco consumption is ever-increasing despite legal regulations and widespread public education. India is the second country in tobacco use in many forms. It is important to know the viewpoints of stakeholders at various levels. The opinions of important stakeholders regarding anti-tobacco legislation and factors about the use of tobacco products are examined in this study. Methods We conducted semi-structured interviews with 12 stakeholders from the Thiruvananthapuram corporation—public health officials, consumers, vendors and law and order officers who deal with tobacco. Interviews examined their opinions on the use of tobacco, as well as how legislations relate to it and how they view their sphere of operation. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. Results The use of tobacco products is rampant across age groups in many forms. The stakeholders mostly opined regarding the loopholes in the Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products Act and its improper implementation at many levels. It is also noted that gross ignorance regarding the legal aspects of tobacco is there, especially at the grassroots level. They also highlighted the future actions that need to be taken into account, such as the involvement of representatives from all walks of tobacco in the policymaking process, ensuring that policies are congruent to the local context, and effective public campaigns should be conducted with a special focus on children and women. Conclusion This study’s findings revealed various stakeholders’ views on tobacco control laws, patterns of tobacco use and concerns regarding the current scenario. Addressing the tobacco epidemic would necessitate sustained collaboration with larger partners. In general, tobacco control must be given priority to achieve a healthy nation.
Hybrid sample size calculations for cluster randomised trials using assurance
Authors: Williamson S. Faye , Tishkovskaya Svetlana V , Wilson Kevin J 
Published: February 2025

Background/Aims: Sample size determination for cluster randomised trials is challenging because it requires robust estimation of the intra-cluster correlation coefficient. Typically, the sample size is chosen to provide a certain level of power to reject the null hypothesis in a two-sample hypothesis test. This relies on the minimal clinically important difference and estimates for the overall standard deviation, the intra-cluster correlation coefficient and, if cluster sizes are assumed to be unequal, the coefficient of variation of the cluster size. Varying any of these parameters can have a strong effect on the required sample size. In particular, it is very sensitive to small differences in the intra-cluster correlation coefficient. A relevant intra-cluster correlation coefficient estimate is often not available, or the available estimate is imprecise due to being based on studies with low numbers of clusters. If the intra-cluster correlation coefficient value used in the power calculation is far from the unknown true value, this could lead to trials which are substantially over- or under-powered. Methods: In this article, we propose a hybrid approach using Bayesian assurance to determine the sample size for a cluster randomised trial in combination with a frequentist analysis. Assurance is an alternative to traditional power, which incorporates the uncertainty on key parameters through a prior distribution. We suggest specifying prior distributions for the overall standard deviation, intra-cluster correlation coefficient and coefficient of variation of the cluster size, while still utilising the minimal clinically important difference. We illustrate the approach through the design of a cluster randomised trial in post-stroke incontinence and compare the results to those obtained from a standard power calculation. Results: We show that assurance can be used to calculate a sample size based on an elicited prior distribution for the intra-cluster correlation coefficient, whereas a power calculation discards all of the information in the prior except for a single point estimate. Results show that this approach can avoid misspecifying sample sizes when the prior medians for the intra-cluster correlation coefficient are very similar, but the underlying prior distributions exhibit quite different behaviour. Incorporating uncertainty on all three of the nuisance parameters, rather than only on the intra-cluster correlation coefficient, does not notably increase the required sample size. Conclusion: Assurance provides a better understanding of the probability of success of a trial given a particular minimal clinically important difference and can be used instead of power to produce sample sizes that are more robust to parameter uncertainty. This is especially useful when there is difficulty obtaining reliable parameter estimates.
Design and simulation of a highly efficient eco-friendly, non-toxic perovskite solar cell
Authors: Ahathiyan G. S. , Du John H. Victor , Moni D. Jackuline , Sagayam K. Martin , Pandey Binay Kumar , Pandey Digvijay , Lelisho Mesfin Esayas 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A highly efficient and nontoxic material methylammoniumtin(II) iodideperovskite solar cell is proposed. This proposed solar cell uses CH3NH3SnI3 as the absorber layer, TiO2 as an Electron transport layer (ETL), Indium tin oxide as a buffer layer, and Copper(I) oxide as the hole transport layer (HTL). The device is simulated using the SCAPS-1D simulation tool. This study details the optimization of a set of parameters, including the defect densities and the thickness of the absorber layer. The proposed structure is highly optimized result of 31.73% of enhanced power conversion efficiency (PCE), a JSC of 24.526 mA/cm2 (short-circuit current), FF of 81.40% (fill factor), and a VOC of 1.56 V (open-circuit voltage) is obtained through simulation process. Compared to previously reported works, the performance of the device has improved significantly due to better optimization. Along with this electrical characteristic temperature analyses, conductance voltage, capacitance–voltage, and bandgap analyses have also been carried out to examine the device’s efficiency and performance.
Study in the iron uptake mechanism of Pasteurella multocida
Authors: Shen Xiangxiang , Guan Lijun , Zhang Junfeng , Xue Yun , Si Lifang , Zhao Zhanqin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Pasteurella multocida infects a wide range of animals, causing hemorrhagic septicemia or infectious pneumonia. Iron is an essential nutrient for growth, colonization, and proliferation of P. multocida during infection of the host, and competition for iron ions in the host is a critical link in the pathogenesis of this pathogen. In recent years, there has been significant progress in the study of the iron uptake system of P. multocida, including its occurrence and regulatory mechanisms. In order to provide a systematic theoretical basis for the study of the molecular pathogenesis of the P. multocida iron uptake system, and generate new ideas for the investigation and development of molecular-targeted drugs and subunit vaccines against P. multocida, the mechanisms of iron uptake by transferrin receptors, heme receptors, and siderophores, and the mechanism of expression and regulation of the P. multocida iron uptake system are all described.
Investigations on higher-order spherical harmonic input features for deep learning-based multiple speaker detection and localization
Authors: Poschadel Nils , Preihs Stephan , Peissig Jürgen 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this paper, a detailed investigation of deep learning-based speaker detection and localization (SDL) with higher-order Ambisonics signals is conducted. Different spherical harmonic (SH) input features such as the higher-order pseudointensity vector (HO-PIV), relative harmonic coefficients (RHCs), and the spatially-localized pseudointensity vector (SL-PIV), a feature proposed for the first time as an input feature for deep learning-based SDL, are examined using first- to fourth-order SH signals. The trained neural networks, optimized with a single loss function for the combined tasks of detection and localization, are then evaluated in detail for overall SDL performance as well as their performance in the sub-tasks of detection and, particularly, localization. The results are further analyzed in dependence on room reverberation, signal-to-interference ratio (SIR), as well as the number and distances between multiple simultaneously active speakers, utilizing both simulated and measured data. The findings indicate an overall improvement in SDL performance up to third-order Ambisonics for all investigated features, while using fourth-order signals does not yield any further improvement or sometimes even delivers worse results. Notably, the HO-PIV and the SL-PIV, both extensions of the first-order pseudointensity vector (FO-PIV), have proven to be suitable input features. In particular the newly proposed SL-PIV has been found to be the best of the investigated features on third- and fourth-order Ambisonics signals, especially in the most demanding scenarios on measured data, with multiple, closely located speakers and poor SIR.
Infection prevention and control without borders: comparison of guidelines on multidrug-resistant organisms in the northern Dutch-German cross-border region
Authors: Cimen Cansu , Berends Matthijs S. , Lokate Mariëtte , Glasner Corinna , Herrmann Jörg , Bathoorn Erik , Hamprecht Axel , Voss Andreas 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Infections due to multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) are a health threat due to increasing patient morbidity and mortality and the burden on healthcare systems. Robust infection prevention and control (IPC) measures are needed to minimize their emergence in hospitals. Therefore, various international and national IPC guidelines exist, yet the lack of harmonized IPC guidelines complicates the management of patients seeking healthcare across European borders. This study explores the similarities and differences in IPC measures for vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) and multidrug-resistant (MDR) Enterobacterales both on local and national levels within the northern Dutch-German cross-border region. In Germany, IPC efforts are often led by hospital hygiene doctors, whereas in the Netherlands, they involve a collaboration between infection preventionists and clinical microbiologists, with local variations. The local guidelines in both countries, as expected, are based on national recommendations, yet introduce specific regulations in various aspects. The Dutch guidelines are more stringent for VRE management compared to the German guidelines, often imposing additional local measures beyond national requirements. The Dutch and German guidelines largely diverge in definitions of MDR Gram-negative bacteria. Unlike the Dutch guidelines, the German guidelines do not currently recommend screening or isolation for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales. For carbapenem-resistant and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales, there is no notable distinction between the countries’ guidelines, with both sharing the objective of maintaining a low prevalence and actively working towards containment. Inconsistencies in guidelines can lead to inefficient information exchange and inconsistent hygienic measures during patient transfers. Despite common commitments, differences in focus may reflect evolving understanding of MDRO transmission and ongoing debates on their management. Our findings highlight the divergence of IPC guidelines for the management of MDROs across two countries and call for collaboration in cross-border regions to increase the effectiveness of MDRO management in these regions and improve patient care.
18F-FDG PET/CT metabolic parameters are correlated with clinical features and valuable in clinical stratification management in patients of castleman disease
Authors: Wang Guolin , Xu Qianhe , Liu Yinuo , Wang Huatao , Yang Fei , Liu Zhenfeng , Su Xinhui 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Castleman disease (CD) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder. This study is to evaluate the correlation between 18F-flurodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) and clinical features in CD patients, and exploring its value in distinguishing disease severity and assisting in risk stratification.

Methods
We retrospectively enrolled 93 patients with newly diagnosed CD. Traditional semi-quantitative 18F-FDG PET/CT parameters including the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), total metabolic lesion volume (MLV), total lesion glycolysis (TLG) were measured, and the lymph node to liver ratio of SUVmax (LLR), lymph node to mediastinal blood pool of SUVmax (LMR), spleen to liver ratio of SUVmax (SLR) and No. of involved lymph node stations (LNS) were calculated. The correlation between these metabolic parameters and clinical features were studied using a univariate analysis. The influencing factors of CD severity were determined by univariate and multivariate analysis. The optimal cut-off values for metabolic parameters were obtained by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.

Results
A total of 20 unicentric CD (UCD) and 73 multicentric CD (MCD) cases were included, with the highest SUVmax of Lymph nodes ranged 1.40 ~ 28.18 (median, 4.86). The metabolic parameters (SUVmax, MLV, TLG, LLR, LMR, SLR) in MCD were significantly higher than those in UCD (p < 0.05). There were significant differences in MLV, TLG, LLR and SLR among different histological subtypes (p < 0.05). The No. of involved lymph node stations (LNS) and spleen-to-liver ratio (SLR) were significantly correlated with laboratory findings. In univariate and multivariate analyses, SLR (p = 0.011; OR value = 14.806) and HGB (p = 0.004; OR value = 0.044) exhibited an independent correlation with disease severity. The ROC curve revealed that SLR had a sensitivity of 77.4%, specificity of 69.4% and AUC of 0.761 (cut-off value = 1.04; p < 0.001) in discriminating severity of CD. SLR also showed significant statistical differences between severe and non-severe idiopathic MCD (iMCD) (p = 0.016).

Conclusions
SLR is closely related to clinical features of CD, and can relatively effectively differentiate the severity of CD and assist in the clinical risk stratification of iMCD.
Changes in wood-water relations in acetylated wood over the course of Rhodonia placenta brown rot decay
Authors: Belt Tiina , Altgen Michael 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Acetylation greatly increases the decay resistance of wood, but even highly acetylated wood can be degraded by fungi if given sufficient time. This study investigated the degradation of acetylated wood by the brown rot fungus Rhodonia placenta, aiming to understand the fungal-induced changes in wood-water relations that are associated with decay. Acetylated samples as well as unacetylated references were exposed to R. placenta in a stacked-sample decay test to generate samples in different stages of decay. The decayed samples were used to investigate changes in acetyl content, water vapour sorption, and maximum cell wall moisture content as measured by solute exclusion. R. placenta caused high mass losses in acetylated wood, but preferential deacetylation was seen only in highly acetylated samples in the early stages of decay. Acetylated samples showed increased hygroscopicity in sorption measurements as a result of R. placenta degradation, particularly at high relative humidity in desorption from the undried decaying state. The increase was very strong in the highly acetylated samples and took place at low mass losses, indicating that it may be at least partially related to the deacetylation of the wood material. Degradation also increased maximum cell wall moisture content, but the increase was stronger in the references than the acetylated samples, suggesting that the acetyl groups remaining in the samples continue to provide a cell wall bulking effect.
Between uncertainty and destiny: the patient journey in axial spondyloarthritis care from the perspectives of patients and their relatives
Authors: May Susann , Nordmann Greta , Gabb Franziska , Boy Katharina , Wagner Magali , Ohm Niklas , Labinsky Hanna , Knitza Johannes , Kuhn Sebastian , Heinze Martin , Welcker Martin , Muehlensiepen Felix 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is an inflammatory rheumatic disease primarily affecting the sacroiliac joints and spine, leading to chronic pain, fatigue, and reduced mobility. The diagnostic delay for axSpA is often long, causing significant physical, psychological, and social burdens for patients and their relatives. This study aims to explore the patient journey of individuals with axSpA and their relatives within the German healthcare system, identifying key challenges and unmet needs from symptom onset to diagnosis and treatment. A qualitative approach was employed, involving structured interviews with axSpA patients and their relatives. Participants were selected through purposive sampling to ensure diverse representation. Data collection involved individual telephone interviews, which were transcribed and analyzed using Kuckartz’s structured qualitative content analysis framework. The patient journey was characterized by four distinct phases: Time before diagnosis, Diagnosis, After the diagnosis, and Current treatment. Participants reported significant psychological and emotional burdens, with many experiences attributed to chance encounters with knowledgeable healthcare professionals. Key issues included a lack of awareness among healthcare professionals, diagnostic delays, and inadequate psychological support. The perspectives of patients and their relatives highlighted the significant psychological burden they both experience throughout the journey. This underscores the need for services that cater not only to patients but also to their relatives. The study highlights critical gaps in the current healthcare system regarding the diagnosis and care of axSpA patients. To improve care, systematic efforts are needed to enhance awareness, reduce diagnostic delays, integrate psychological support, and provide comprehensive information throughout the patient journey for both, patients and relatives. Effective care should not rely on chance; systematic improvements are necessary to ensure consistent, high-quality care.
Sofosbuvir’s hepatoprotective efficacy in rats is enhanced by encapsulating in taurocholate-stabilized galactose-anchored bilosomes
Authors: Mohsen Marwa Khaled , Diab Soheir Abo El azm , Shafik Amani N. , Osman Ahmed H. , Naguib Marianne J. , Kamel Amira M. , Mehesen Marwa Nagi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
In conjunction with other antiviral medicines, sofosbuvir (SOF) is an essential therapy for chronic hepatitis C. There is some debate over its influence on hepatic fibrosis. The use of nanotechnology in treatment has gained popularity, with the goal of delivering therapeutic substances to the liver to increase efficacy and decrease adverse effects. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the protective effect of sofosbuvir and the efficacy of incorporating nanoparticle galactosylated taurocholate bilosomal formula to SOF on thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis.

Methods
Rats were divided into 7 groups: normal control, SOF, SOF encapsulated in galactosylated taurocholate bilosomal formula (nano-SOF), galactosylated taurocholate bilosomal formula (nanoparticle), thioacetamide (TAA), TAA-SOF and TAA-nano-SOF. Liver fibrosis was induced by TAA (200 mg/kg) intraperitoneal injection twice per week for 8 weeks. SOF, nanoparticle and nano-SOF were given (40 mg/Kg/day) orally from day one of the study. Serum activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and tissue transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) were assessed. Also, histopathological assessment of hepatic tissue was done.

Results
Administration of SOF and TAA to normal rats resulted in significant increase in serum AST, ALT, ALP and tissue TGF-β1 levels with variable degree of liver fibrosis. Additionally, rats in TAA group that received SOF therapy did not exhibit improved liver functions, TGF-β1 level and liver fibrosis score. However, administering nano-sofosbuvir prophylactically to TAA-treated rats resulted in a considerable improvement in liver function tests, TGF-1 levels, with liver fibrosis score regression.

Conclusion
In contrast to free sofosbuvir, SOF encapsulated in galactosylated taurocholate bilosomal formula (nano-SOF) displayed hepatoprotective effects in rat with thioacetamide-induced hepatic fibrosis. These findings strongly support the concept that galactoylatedbilosomes are promising nanocarrier for the targeted delivery of sofosbuvir to the liver.