bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A recurrent fibronectin glomerulopathy in a renal transplant patient: a case report
Authors: Otsuka Yasuhiro , Takeda Asami , Horike Keiji , Inaguma Daijyo , Goto Norihiko , Watarai Yoshihiko , Uchida Kazuharu , Mihatsch Michael J. , Joh Kensuke , Morozumi Kunio 
Published: June 2012

AbstractFibronectin glomerulopathy (FNG) is a rare, autosomal dominant renal disease with massive mesangial, and subendothelial fibronectin deposits. It presents proteinuria, often in the nephrotic range in the third to fourth decade, and slow progression to end‐stage renal disease. The risk of recurrent disease in renal allograft is uncertain. A Japanese female with end‐stage renal disease because of unknown origin received a renal transplant and was referred with proteinuria and mild deterioration of renal function four months after transplantation. Five allograft biopsies were underwent from one h to 12 months after the transplantation, including a biopsy 19 d after the transplantation, which revealed dense deposits suggesting fibronectin. A biopsy 134 d after the transplantation showed a feature of lobular glomerulonephritis corresponding FNG. The diagnosis was confirmed by IST4 positive and IST9 negative immunostaining together with typical fibrillary dense deposits in the mesangium and subendothelial spaces in electron microscopy. This is the first report of recurrent FNG in Japan.
The impact of fluoroquinolone resistance of Gram‐negative bacteria in respiratory secretions on the outcome of lung transplant (non‐cystic fibrosis) recipients
Authors: Shteinberg Michal , Raviv Yael , Bishara Jihad , Stein Nili , Rosengarten Dror , Bakal Ilana , Kramer Mordechai R. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBacterial airway colonization is frequent among lung transplant recipients. These patients are often treated with antibiotics, which may lead to selection of resistant bacteria. The purpose of this study was to assess whether antibiotic treatment causes acquisition of quinolone‐resistant Gram‐negative bacteria (QR‐GNB), and the effect of such colonization on mortality and on lung rejection. We retrospectively examined data from non‐cystic fibrosis, non‐bronchiectases lung transplant recipients for antibiotic treatment, GNB in respiratory secretions, bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS), and mortality. Of 126 patients included, 86 patients had QR‐GNB, 22 had quinolone‐sensitive bacteria (QS‐GNB), and 17 had no growth. Median antibiotic exposure, defined as the fraction of days with antibiotic treatment, was 2.8% in patients without growth, 11.1% in patients with QS‐GNB (p = 0.012), and 26% in patients with QR‐GNB (p < 0.0001). Age‐adjusted mortality hazard ratio was 9.2 (95% CI 1.272–78.9) for patients with QR‐GNB compared with QS‐GNB. Age‐adjusted hazard ratios for BOS was 3.7 (95% CI 1.33–10.3) for QR‐GNB compared with QS‐GNB. We found a positive correlation between antibiotic treatment and emergence of QR‐GNB. Airway colonization with QR‐GNB was significantly associated with mortality and with BOS. Further research is needed to determine whether a change in antibiotic subscription policy is required.
Acute vascular rejection after renal transplantation and isolated v‐lesion
Authors: Shimizu Tomokazu , Tanabe Tatsu , Shirakawa Hiroki , Omoto Kazuya , Ishida Hideki , Tanabe Kazunari 
Published: June 2012

AbstractHistopathological changes of acute vascular rejection (AVR) are characterized by intimal arteritis and transmural arteritis. According to the Banff 1997 classification, the quantitative criteria for intimal arteritis (v score) are classified: v0, v1, v2, and v3. According to Banff ‘09 classification, AVR may fall into one of four categories: acute T cell‐mediated rejection (ATMR) Type IIA, ATMR Type IIB, ATMR Type III, and acute antibody‐mediated rejection (AAMR) Type III.Both cellular and humoral immunity play roles in vascular rejection, and in some cases, AVR may be provoked by anti‐donor antibodies. Anti‐rejection therapies were effective in most of the v1 cases but were less effective in the v2 cases and were ineffective in the v3 cases. Some reports have indicated that the prognosis of grafts exhibiting AVR is poor, but in our series, the outcome of AVR was relatively good using recent immunosuppressive protocols.A definition for “isolated v‐lesion” was originally characterized by arteritis with minimal interstitial inflammation and tubulitis. The 11th Banff conference was concluded that “isolated v1‐lesions” comprised two types, T cell‐mediated rejection and injury, and did not have any independent prognostic significance. However, we speculate that “isolated v‐lesion” might be regarded as AAMR and ATMR.
Tension‐free vaginal tape procedure without preoperative urodynamic examination: Long‐term outcome
Authors: Heinonen Pia , Ala‐Nissilä Seija , Kiilholma Pentti , Laurikainen Eija 
Published: June 2012

Objectives:  To evaluate the long‐term outcome of the tension‐free vaginal tape procedure.Methods:  A total of 191 patients were operated on with tension‐free vaginal tape between January 1998 and May 2000. Of these, 127 (66%) had stress urinary incontinence, 64 (34%) had mixed urinary incontinence and 39 (20%) had recurrent incontinence. A total of 34 (18%) patients had had concomitant surgery. The diagnosis of incontinence was based on a history of leakage during stress and physical examination with a supine stress test in all patients. Tension‐free vaginal tape was carried out under local (82%) or spinal (18%) anesthesia. After a mean of 10.5 years follow up, the assessment included a gynecological examination and a supine stress test. Subjective outcome was evaluated with Urinary Incontinence Severity Score, Detrusor Instability Score, visual analog scale, European quality of life‐five dimensions, European quality of life – visual analog scale and short versions of Incontinence Impact Questionnaire‐7 and Urogenital Distress Inventory‐6. Objective cure was defined as a negative stress test and an absence of reoperation for incontinence during the follow up.Results:  A total of 138 (72%) of 191 patients were evaluated. Patients with minimally invasive surgery before operation had significantly higher scores in Urinary Incontinence Severity Score, Detrusor Instability Score, Incontinence Impact Questionnaire‐7 and Urogenital Distress Inventory‐6 at follow up than the patients with stress urinary incontinence (P < 0.01). Recurrent incontinence and concomitant surgery did not affect the long‐term outcome. Three patients (2.3%) had late‐onset adverse events. The objective and subjective cure rates were 90% and 78%, respectively.Conclusions:  The tension‐free vaginal tape procedure is effective and safe even after 10 years. The objective cure rate is high, but the subjective outcome is significantly lower in mixed urinary incontinence patients compared with patients with pure stress urinary incontinence. Recurrent stress urinary incontinence does not affect the outcome, and tape‐related problems are rare.
Kelp Diagrams: Point Set Membership Visualization
Authors: Dinkla Kasper , van Kreveld Marc J. , Speckmann Bettina , Westenberg Michel A. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractWe present Kelp Diagrams, a novel method to depict set relations over points, i.e., elements with predefined positions. Our method creates schematic drawings and has been designed to take aesthetic quality, efficiency, and effectiveness into account. This is achieved by a routing algorithm, which links elements that are part of the same set by constructing minimum cost paths over a tangent visibility graph. There are two styles of Kelp Diagrams to depict overlapping sets, a nested and a striped style, each with its own strengths and weaknesses. We compare Kelp Diagrams with two existing methods and show that our approach provides a more consistent and clear depiction of both element locations and their set relations.
Reliable Adaptive Modelling of Vascular Structures with Non‐Circular Cross‐Sections
Authors: Kretschmer Jan , Beck Thomas , Tietjen Christian , Preim Bernhard , Stamminger Marc 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAccurate visualizations of complex vascular structures are essential for medical applications, such as diagnosis, therapy planning and medical education. Vascular trees are usually described using centerlines, since they capture both the topology and the geometry of the vasculature in an intuitive manner. State‐of‐the‐art vessel segmentation algorithms deliver vascular outlines as free‐form contours along the centerline, since this allows capturing anatomical pathologies. However, existing methods for generating surface representations from centerlines can only cope with circular outlines. We present a novel model‐based technique that is capable of generating intersection‐free surfaces from centerlines with complex outlines. Vascular segments are described by local signed distance functions and combined using Boolean operations. An octree‐based surface generation strategy automatically computes watertight, scale‐adaptive meshes with a controllable quality. In contrast to other approaches, our method generates a reliable representation that guarantees to capture all vessels regardless of their size.
Visualization of 4D Blood‐Flow Fields by Spatiotemporal Hierarchical Clustering
Authors: van Pelt R. F. P. , Jacobs S. S. A. M. , ter Haar Romeny B. M. , Vilanova A. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAdvancements in the acquisition and modeling of flow fields result in unsteady volumetric flow fields of unprecedented quality. An important example is found in the analysis of unsteady blood‐flow data. Preclinical research strives for a better understanding of correlations between the hemodynamics and the progression of cardiovascular diseases. Modern‐day computer models and MRI acquisition provide time‐resolved volumetric blood‐flow velocity fields. Unfortunately, these fields often remain unexplored, as high‐dimensional data are difficult to conceive. We present a spatiotemporal, i.e., four‐dimensional, hierarchical clustering, yielding a sparse representation of the velocity data. The clustering results underpin an illustrative visualization approach, facilitating visual analysis. The hierarchy allows an intuitive level‐of‐detail selection, largely retaining important flow patterns. The clustering employs dissimilarity measures to construct the hierarchy. We have adapted two existing measures for steady vector fields for use in the spacetime domain. Because of the inherent computational complexity of the multidimensional clustering, we introduce a coarse hierarchical clustering approach, which closely approximates the full hierarchy generation, and considerably improves the performance. The resulting clusters are visualized by representative patharrows, in combination with an illustrative anatomical context. We present various seeding approaches and visualization styles, providing sparse overviews of the unsteady behavior of volumetric flow fields.
Automatic Stream Surface Seeding: A Feature Centered Approach
Authors: Edmunds M. , Laramee R.S. , Malki R. , Masters I. , Croft T.N. , Chen G. , Zhang E. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe ability to capture and visualize information within the flow poses challenges for visualizing 3D flow fields. Stream surfaces are one of many useful integration based techniques for visualizing 3D flow. However seeding integral surfaces can be challenging. Previous research generally focuses on manual placement of stream surfaces. Little attention has been given to the problem of automatic stream surface seeding. This paper introduces a novel automatic stream surface seeding strategy based on vector field clustering. It is important that the user can define and target particular characteristics of the flow. Our framework provides this ability. The user is able to specify different vector clustering parameters enabling a range of abstraction for the density and placement of seeding curves and their associated stream surfaces. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this automatic stream surface approach on a range of flow simulations and incorporate illustrative visualization techniques. Domain expert evaluation of the results provides valuable insight into the users requirements and effectiveness of our approach.
Visualization of Advection‐Diffusion in Unsteady Fluid Flow
Authors: Karch Grzegorz Karol , Sadlo Filip , Weiskopf Daniel , Munz Claus‐Dieter , Ertl Thomas 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAdvection has been the standard transport mechanism in flow visualization. Diffusion, in contrast, has not been considered important in visual flow field analysis so far, although it is inherent to many physical processes. We present a novel technique that allows for interactive 3D visualization of both advection and diffusion in unsteady fluid flow. We extend texture‐based flow visualization, which is advection‐oriented, by diffusion. Our finite volume approach based on WENO (weighted essentially non‐oscillatory) reconstruction is well parallelizable and features low numerical diffusion at interactive rates. Our scheme contributes to three different applications: (a) high‐quality dye advection at low numerical diffusion, (b) physically‐based dye advection accounting for diffusivity of virtual media, and (c) visualization of advection‐diffusion fluxes in physical media where the velocity field is accompanied by a concentration field. Interactive rendering of the virtual dye is accomplished by ray casting. We apply our GPU implementation to CFD examples of thermal convection and evaporation phenomena.
Semantic Wordification of Document Collections
Authors: Paulovich Fernando V. , Toledo Franklina M. B. , Telles Guilherme P. , Minghim Rosane , Nonato Luis Gustavo 
Published: June 2012

AbstractWord clouds have become one of the most widely accepted visual resources for document analysis and visualization, motivating the development of several methods for building layouts of keywords extracted from textual data. Existing methods are effective to demonstrate content, but are not capable of preserving semantic relationships among keywords while still linking the word cloud to the underlying document groups that generated them. Such representation is highly desirable for exploratory analysis of document collections. In this paper we present a novel approach to build document clouds, named ProjCloud that aim at solving both semantical layouts and linking with document sets. ProjCloud generates a semantically consistent layout from a set of documents. Through a multidimensional projection, it is possible to visualize the neighborhood relationship between highly related documents and their corresponding word clouds simultaneously. Additionally, we propose a new algorithm for building word clouds inside polygons, which employs spectral sorting to maintain the semantic relationship among words. The effectiveness and flexibility of our methodology is confirmed when comparisons are made to existing methods. The technique automatically constructs projection based layouts the user may choose to examine in the form of the point clouds or corresponding word clouds, allowing a high degree of control over the exploratory process.
Perception of Animated Node‐Link Diagrams for Dynamic Graphs
Authors: Ghani S. , Elmqvist N. , Yi J. S. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractEffective visualization of dynamic graphs remains an open research topic, and many state‐of‐the‐art tools use animated node‐link diagrams for this purpose. Despite its intuitiveness, the effectiveness of animation in node‐link diagrams has been questioned, and several empirical studies have shown that animation is not necessarily superior to static visualizations. However, the exact mechanics of perceiving animated node‐link diagrams are still unclear. In this paper, we study the impact of different dynamic graph metrics on user perception of the animation. After deriving candidate visual graph metrics, we perform an exploratory user study where participants are asked to reconstruct the event sequence in animated node‐link diagrams. Based on these findings, we conduct a second user study where we investigate the most important visual metrics in depth. Our findings show that node speed and target separation are prominent visual metrics to predict the performance of event sequencing tasks.
Visualizing Motion Data in Virtual Reality: Understanding the Roles of Animation, Interaction, and Static Presentation
Authors: Coffey D. , Korsakov F. , Ewert M. , Hagh‐Shenas H. , Thorson L. , Ellingson A. , Nuckley D. , Keefe D.F 
Published: June 2012

AbstractWe present a study of interactive virtual reality visualizations of scientific motions as found in biomechanics experiments. Our approach is threefold. First, we define a taxonomy of motion visualizations organized by the method (animation, interaction, or static presentation) used to depict both the spatial and temporal dimensions of the data. Second, we design and implement a set of eight example visualizations suggested by the taxonomy and evaluate their utility in a quantitative user study. Third, together with biomechanics collaborators, we conduct a qualitative evaluation of the eight example visualizations applied to a current study of human spinal kinematics. Results suggest that visualizations in this style that use interactive control for the time dimension of the data are preferable to others. Within this category, quantitative results support the utility of both animated and interactive depictions for space; however, qualitative feedback suggest that animated depictions for space should be avoided in biomechanics applications.
MatchPad: Interactive Glyph‐Based Visualization for Real‐Time Sports Performance Analysis
Authors: Legg P. A. , Chung D. H. S. , Parry M. L. , Jones M. W. , Long R. , Griffiths I. W. , Chen M. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractToday real‐time sports performance analysis is a crucial aspect of matches in many major sports. For example, in soccer and rugby, team analysts may annotate videos during the matches by tagging specific actions and events, which typically result in some summary statistics and a large spreadsheet of recorded actions and events. To a coach, the summary statistics (e.g., the percentage of ball possession) lacks sufficient details, while reading the spreadsheet is time‐consuming and making decisions based on the spreadsheet in real‐time is thereby impossible. In this paper, we present a visualization solution to the current problem in real‐time sports performance analysis. We adopt a glyph‐based visual design to enable coaching staff and analysts to visualize actions and events “at a glance”. We discuss the relative merits of metaphoric glyphs in comparison with other types of glyph designs in this particular application. We describe an algorithm for managing the glyph layout at different spatial scales in interactive visualization. We demonstrate the use of this technical approach through its application in rugby, for which we delivered the visualization software,MatchPad, on a tablet computer. The MatchPad was used by the Welsh Rugby Union during the Rugby World Cup 2011. It successfully helped coaching staff and team analysts to examine actions and events in detail whilst maintaining a clear overview of the match, and assisted in their decision making during the matches. It also allows coaches to convey crucial information back to the players in a visually‐engaging manner to help improve their performance.
Religion and HIV diagnosis among Africans living in London
Authors: Fakoya I , Johnson AM , Fenton KA , Anderson J , Nwokolo N , Sullivan AK , Munday P , Burns FM 
Published: June 2012

ObjectivesThe aim of the paper was to describe the association of religion with HIV outcomes in newly diagnosed Africans living in London.MethodsA survey of newly diagnosed HIV‐positive Africans attending 15 HIV treatment centres across London was carried out between April 2004 and February 2006. Confidential self‐completed questionnaires were used, linked to clinical records. Bivariate analyses were conducted to ascertain whether religious beliefs were associated with late diagnosis, antiretroviral therapy, and immunological and virological outcome 6 months post diagnosis.ResultsA total of 246 Black Africans were eligible and included in the analysis: 62.6% were women, and the median age was 34 years. The median CD4 count at diagnosis was 194 cells/μL (range 0–1334 cells/μL) and 75.6% presented late, as defined as a CD4 count < 350 cells/μL. Most participants were religious: non‐Roman Catholic Christians (55.7%), Roman Catholics (35.2%) and Muslims (6.1%). Only 1.2% stated that they did not have a religion. Participants who attended religious services at least monthly were more likely to believe that ‘faith alone can cure HIV‘ than those who attended less frequently (37.7% vs. 15.0%; P = 0.002). A small proportion (5.2%) believed that taking antiretroviral therapy implied a lack of faith in God. Bivariate analysis found no relationship between religiousness (as measured using frequency of attendance at religious services and religious attitudes or beliefs) and late diagnosis, changes in CD4 count/viral load 6 months post diagnosis, or initiation of antiretroviral therapy.ConclusionsStrong religious beliefs about faith and healing are unlikely to act as a barrier to accessing HIV testing or antiretroviral treatment for Black Africans living in London.
High prevalence of minor symptoms in tattoos among a young population tattooed with carbon black and organic pigments
Authors: Høgsberg T. , Hutton Carlsen K. , Serup J. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBackground  The prevalence of mild adverse reactions, i.e. complaints, in tattoos is sparsely described.Objective  The demography of tattoos in a young population representing an index population of the recent trend was studied. The prevalence of complaints related to tattoos, and tattoos by number, size, localization and colour were registered.Methods  The data were collected through personal interviews and examinations of consecutive individuals who spontaneously attended a clinic of venereology.Results  Of 154 participants with 342 tattoos, 27% reported complaints in a tattoo beyond 3 months after tattooing. The complaints were predominantly related to black and red pigments. The participants reported complaints in 16% of their tattoos. Fifty‐eight per cent of those complaints were sun induced. The complaints varied in intensity but were mainly minor. Skin elevation and itching were most frequent. The responders stated overall satisfaction with 80% of all tattoos. Eight per cent of tattoos were situated on anatomical sites prohibited by Danish law.Conclusion  We found a remarkably high prevalence of tattoo complaints, including photosensitivity, among young individuals tattooed with carbon black and organic pigments especially red.