bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Developmental Perspective on Early and Current Motor Abnormalities and Psychotic-Like Symptoms
Authors: Fattal Jessica , Giljen Maksim , Vargas Teresa , Damme Katherine S F , Calkins Monica E , Pinkham Amy E , Mittal Vijay A 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background and hypothesis
Psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) are prevalent in the general population and, because they represent a lower end of the psychosis vulnerability spectrum, may be useful in informing mechanistic understanding. Although it is well-understood that motor signs characterize formal psychotic disorders, the developmental trajectory of these features and their relationships with PLEs are less well-understood.

Study Design
Data from 7559 adolescents and young adults (age 11–21) in the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort were used to investigate whether early-life milestone-attainment delays relate to current adolescent sensorimotor functioning and positive and negative PLEs. Current sensorimotor functioning was assessed using the Computerized Finger Tapping task (assessing motor slowing) and Mouse Practice task (assessing sensorimotor planning).

Study Results
Early developmental abnormalities were related to current adolescent-aged motor slowing (t(7415.3) = −7.74, corrected-P &lt; .001) and impaired sensorimotor planning (t(7502.5) = 5.57, corrected-P &lt; .001). There was a significant interaction between developmental delays and current sensorimotor functioning on positive and negative PLEs (t = 1.67–4.51), such that individuals with early developmental delays had a stronger positive relationship between sensorimotor dysfunction and PLEs. Importantly, interaction models were significantly better at explaining current PLEs than those treating early and current sensorimotor dysfunction independently (χ2 = 4.89–20.34).

Conclusions
These findings suggest a relationship between early developmental delays and current sensorimotor functioning in psychosis proneness and inform an understanding of heterotypic continuity as well as a neurodevelopmental perspective of motor circuits. Furthermore, results indicate that motor signs are a clear factor in the psychosis continuum, suggesting that they may represent a core feature of psychosis vulnerability.
Current treatment options for erectile dysfunction in kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Dell’Atti Lucio 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Erectile dysfunction (ED) and kidney dysfunction share common risk factors linked to conditions involving endothelial impairment, such as coronary artery disease, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking, and obesity. Men with chronic kidney disease experience a high incidence and prevalence of ED. While a functional renal graft can alleviate the issue for some patients, a significant portion of recipients still experience ED (20%-50%).

Objectives
This narrative review describes the variety of current treatments modalities on ED in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) and their clinical outcomes.

Methods
MEDLINE, Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar were used to find eligible articles pertaining to the treatment options of ED in KTRs. A total of 64 articles were evaluated.

Results
In KTRs, ED stems from a multifaceted etiology: anxiety, drug side effects, interference with penile vascularity, or the response of cavernosal muscle to neurotransmitters, along with changes in the endocrine milieu. A diverse range of treatments to restore erectile function has proven to be safe and effective for KTRs. Options include drug therapy, surgical interventions, intracavernosal injection therapies, vacuum erection devices, and extracorporeal shockwave therapy.

Conclusion
The initial treatment approach may involve the use of a phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors at a low dosage, especially if testosterone-circulating levels align with the diagnosis of hypogonadism. The consideration of a combination therapy involving testosterone and phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors should be contemplated due to the associated beneficial effects. Extracorporeal shockwave therapy has shown positive short-term clinical and physiological effects on erectile function in patients who did not respond to first-line treatments, resulting in spontaneous erections sufficient for sexual penetration in 50% of cases. Penile implants should be considered as third-line options based on specific patient needs and compliance with clinical conditions.
State-of-the-art and upcoming trends in RAS-directed therapies in gastrointestinal malignancies
Authors: Vanclooster Pieterjan , Seghers Sofie , Prenen Hans 
Published: May 2024

Purpose of review
Overall, the review underscores the evolving landscape of KRAS-targeted therapy and the potential for these approaches to improve outcomes for patients with gastrointestinal malignancies. It highlights the importance of ongoing research and clinical trials in advancing precision medicine strategies for KRAS-driven cancers. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the RAS signaling pathway and its significance in gastrointestinal malignancies.

Recent findings
The introduction of KRAS inhibitor represents a significant advancement in the treatment landscape for KRAS-mutant cancers. In this review, we discuss upcoming trends in KRAS-targeted therapy, including the development of mutant-specific direct KRAS inhibitors like MRTX1133 and pan-RAS inhibitors such as RMC-6236. It also explores indirect RAS inhibitors targeting upstream and downstream components of the RAS pathway. Additionally, the review examines other upcoming strategies like combination therapies, such as CDK4/6 and ERK MAPK inhibitors, as well as adoptive cell therapy and cancer vaccines targeting KRAS-mutant cancers.

Summary
Targeting RAS has become an important strategy in treating gastrointestinal cancer. These findings in this review underscore the importance of a multidisciplinary approach, integrating advances in molecular profiling, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and clinical research to optimize treatment strategies for patients with KRAS-mutant gastrointestinal malignancies.
Hearing loss prevalence and burden of disease in China: Findings from provincial-level analysis
Authors: Wang Yu , Xie Yang , Wang Minghao , Zhao Mengdan , Gong Rui , Xin Ying , Ke Jia , Zhang Ke , Zhang Shaoxing , Du Chen , Duan Qingchuan , Wang Fang , Pan Tao , Ma Furong , Hu Xiangyang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background:
Without timely and effective rehabilitation, hearing loss may profoundly affect human life quality. China has a large population of hearing-impaired individuals, which imposes a heavy health burden on society. Moreover, this population is projected to increase rapidly owing to China’s aging society.

Methods:
We used data from a population-representative epidemiological investigation of hearing loss and ear diseases in four Chinese provinces. We estimated the national prevalence using multiple linear regression of the age-group proportions and prevalence in 31 provinces with clustering analysis. We used years lived with disability (YLDs) to analyze the disease burden and forecasted the prevalence of hearing loss by 2060 in China.

Results:
An estimated 115 million people had moderate-to-complete hearing loss in 2015 across the 31 provinces of China (8.4% of 1.37 billion people). Of these, 85.7% were older than age 50 years (99 million people) and 2.4% were younger than 20 years old (2.8 million people). Of all YLDs attributable to hearing loss, 68.9% were attributable to moderate-to-complete cases. By 2060, a projected 242 million people in China will have moderate-to-complete hearing loss, a 110.0% increase from 2015.

Conclusions:
The hearing loss prevalence in China is high. Population aging and socioeconomic factors substantially affect the prevalence and severity of hearing loss and the disease burden. The prevalence and severity of hearing loss are unevenly distributed across different provinces. Future public health policies should take these trends and regional variations into account.
An indocyanine green-based liquid biopsy test for circulating tumor cells for pediatric liver cancer
Authors: Espinoza Andres F. , Kureti Pavan , Patel Roma H. , Do Susan L. , Govindu Saiabhiroop R. , Armbruster Bryan W. , Urbicain Martin , Patel Kalyani R. , Lopez-Terrada Dolores , Vasudevan Sanjeev A. , Woodfield Sarah E. 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Hepatoblastoma and HCC are the most common malignant hepatocellular tumors seen in children. The aim of this study was to develop a liquid biopsy test for circulating tumor cells (CTCs) for these tumors that would be less invasive and provide real-time information about tumor response to therapy.

Methods:
For this test, we utilized indocyanine green (ICG), a far-red fluorescent dye used clinically to identify malignant liver cells during surgery. We assessed ICG accumulation in cell lines using fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. For our CTC test, we developed a panel of liver tumor-specific markers, including ICG, Glypican-3, and DAPI, and tested it with cell lines and noncancer control blood samples. We then used this panel to analyze whole-blood samples for CTC burden with a cohort of 15 patients with hepatoblastoma and HCC and correlated with patient characteristics and outcomes.

Results:
We showed that ICG accumulation is specific to liver cancer cells, compared to nonmalignant liver cells, non-liver solid tumor cells, and other nonmalignant cells, and can be used to identify liver tumor cells in a mixed population of cells. Experiments with the ICG/Glypican-3/DAPI panel showed that it specifically tagged malignant liver cells. Using patient samples, we found that CTC burden from sequential blood samples from the same patients mirrored the patients’ responses to therapy.

Conclusions:
Our novel ICG-based liquid biopsy test for CTCs can be used to specifically detect and quantify CTCs in the blood of pediatric patients with liver cancer.
Complex Buccal Graft Urethroplasty Combined With HoLEP in the Setting of Concomitant Urethral Stricture Disease and Severe Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Case Report
Authors: Garabed Laurianne Rita , Wang Stephanie , Meskawi Malek , Bhojani Naeem , Liberman Daniel 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Urethral strictures and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) are 2 common causes of urinary obstruction and urinary emptying symptoms. While urethroplasty and endoscopic management of BPH have been extensively discussed in the literature when performed on their own, a case of simultaneous urethroplasty and endoscopic management of BPH has not been previously described in the literature.

Case Description:
We present the case of a 75-year-old man with significant BPH and concomitant bulbar obliterative urethral stricture. After discussion of treatment options with the patient, we elected to perform both holmium LASER enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) of a 200cc prostate and buccal graft urethroplasty during the same surgery. The HoLEP was performed through a dorsal urethrotomy in anticipation of urethroplasty. Nontransecting anastomotic repair was then combined with the buccal graft urethroplasty. The patient did not have any acute postoperative complications and had no recurrence. He reported improvements in outcome questionnaire scores and uroflow parameters at the 12-month follow-up.

Conclusions:
This case presentation is the first to report on simultaneous complex urethroplasty and endoscopic management of BPH, specifically HoLEP. It shows that this approach can lead to positive urinary outcomes without added complications and with lasting outcomes, thereby allowing the use of a combined surgical approach.
Partial Versus Radical Nephrectomy: Comparison of Postoperative Complications and Contribution to Mortality
Authors: Houjaij Ali , Darwish Oussama M. , Rubin Jacob , Pominville Raymond , Arora Pradeep , Shiekh Mohsin , Gajdos Csaba , Nader Nader D. 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Partial nephrectomy is the preferred treatment method for certain kidney tumors owing to its nephron-preserving benefit. We aimed to compare the occurrence and importance of complications after radical (RN) or partial (PN) nephrectomy for localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and contribution to patient mortality.

Methods:
All RCC cases were extracted from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program between 2005 and 2017. All-cause mortality was the primary endpoint that defined a failure to rescue (FTR) after the occurrences of complications. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to adjust for confounding variables between the 2 groups. The exclusion criteria included patients on dialysis, those with distant metastases, and those with concurrent procedures. Null hypotheses were rejected when P-values were < .05.

Results:
The database included 24,830 patients, with 22,015 in the RN group and 2815 in the PN. After PSM, 2226 patients after PN were matched 1:1 to an equal number of patients who underwent RN. Overall, postoperative complications occurred in 20.5% after RN, more frequent than 15.9% after PN (P < .001). While the mortality rates were similar, patients were more likely to experience blood transfusion and reintubation, as well as longer hospital stay after RN, while they were likely to have more infectious complications, including abdominal abscess, and more likely to return to the operating room after PN. In both groups, cardiac and respiratory complications were associated with FTR, leading to mortality. Excessive bleeding (requiring transfusion) was also a significant cause of death after RN but not after PN.

Conclusion:
When planning PN or RN, patients should be counseled on the risks of their selective procedure and the potential increased mortality risk with certain complications. These risks should be weighed against the benefit of those cancer surgeries.
Repeat Radiosurgery for Sporadic Vestibular Schwannoma After Primary Radiosurgical Failure: An International Multi-institutional Investigation
Authors: Khandalavala Karl R. , Herberg Hans A. , Kay-Rivest Emily , Moore Lindsay S. , Yancey Kristen L. , Marinelli John P. , Lund-Johansen Morten , Kosaraju Nikitha , Lohse Christine M. , Kutz Walter , Santa Maria Peter L. , Golfinos John G. , Kondziolka Douglas , Carlson Matthew L. , Tveiten Øystein V. , Link Michael J. 
Published: May 2024

Objective
To describe outcomes of patients with sporadic vestibular schwannoma (VS) who underwent repeat stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) after primary SRS failure.

Study Design
Multi-institutional historical cohort study.

Setting
Five tertiary care referral centers.

Patients
Adults ≥18 years old with sporadic VS.

Intervention
Primary and repeat treatment with SRS.

Main Outcome Measure
Microsurgery-free survival after repeat SRS.

Results
Across institutions, 32 patients underwent repeat SRS after primary SRS. Most patients (74%) had tumors with cerebellopontine angle extension at primary SRS (median size, 13.5 mm [interquartile range, 7.5–18.8] mm). After primary SRS, patients underwent repeat SRS at a median of 4.8 years (interquartile range, 3.2–5.7 yr). For treatment modality, 30 (94%) patients received gamma knife for primary treatment and 31 (97%) patients received gamma knife as their repeat treatment. Median tumor volume increased from 0.970 cm3 at primary SRS to 2.200 cm3 at repeat SRS. Facial nerve function worsened in two patients after primary SRS and in two patients after repeat SRS. There were no instances of intracranial complications after repeat SRS. Microsurgery-free survival rates (95% confidence interval; number still at risk) at 1, 3, and 5 years after repeat SRS were 97% (90–100%, 24), 84% (71–100%, 13), and 68% (48–96%, 6), respectively. There was one occurrence of malignancy diagnosed after repeat radiosurgery.

Conclusion
Overall, repeat SRS for sporadic VS has comparable risk profile, but lower rates of tumor control, compared with primary SRS.
The role of claudins in renal transepithelial transport and kidney disease
Authors: Tsamo Tetou Arnold , Günzel Dorothee 
Published: May 2024

Purpose of review
25 years after the discovery of claudins as the central constituents of tight junctions, the “hunter-gatherer phase” of claudin research is coming to an end. Deficiency in individual claudins as a cause of rare hereditary diseases is well documented. However, knowledge about the involvement of renal claudins in common kidney diseases and strategies to utilize claudins or their regulators for intervention are still scarce. The present review summarizes novel approaches to address these questions.

Recent findings
Publicly accessible omics data provide new insights not only into general claudin expression patterns along the nephron, but also into sex-specific differences in claudin expression and into claudin dysregulation in renal injury. Computational association studies identify claudin variants as risk factors for kidney disease such as nephrolithiasis or loss of filtration capacity. The establishment of innovative cell culture and organoid models contributes to a better understanding of junctional and extra-junctional functions of individual claudins.

Summary
The current studies lay the foundation for the identification of upstream regulators of renal claudin expression and thus for the development of new concepts for the treatment of kidney disease.
Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose uptake change in liver, mediastinal blood pool, and lymphoid cell–rich organs during programmed cell death-1 immunotherapy in lymphoma
Authors: Guo Linlin , Wang Rang , Shen Guohua 
Published: May 2024

Purpose
The aim of this study was to evaluate metabolism change in reference organs (liver and mediastinum) and lymphoid cell–rich organs (spleen and bone marrow) during programmed cell death-1 immunotherapy in relapsed or refractory lymphoma patients.

Methods
A total of 66 patients with baseline and serial monitoring fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/computed tomography scans were retrospectively enrolled. Mean standardized uptake value (SUV) and maximum SUV of evaluated organs were obtained by two reviewers, and their association with tumor burden and clinical response were evaluated. Immune-related adverse events detected by FDG PET/computed tomography were also recorded.

Results
The SUV values of reference organs and lymphoid cell–rich organs did not change significantly during the immunotherapy process. The intersubject variability of these values ranged from 13.0 to 28.5%. Meanwhile, metabolism of reference organs was affected by neither the tumor burden nor clinical response. SUV change of lymphoid cell–rich organs was associated with clinical response to immunotherapy. Responders showed decreased metabolism, while nonresponders showed a reverse trend (spleen SUVmax: −0.30 ± 0.47 vs. 0.18 ± 0.39, P = 0.001, spleen SUVmean: −0.24 ± 0.39 vs. 0.14 ± 0.31, P = 0.001; and bone marrow SUVmax: −0.14 ± 0.37 vs. 0.07 ± 0.46, P = 0.042, respectively). The influence of immune-related adverse events on the SUV change in evaluated organs was not significant.

Conclusion
During programmed cell death-1 immunotherapy, metabolism change of reference organs is influenced neither by tumor burden nor by clinical response, while FDG uptake change of lymphoid cell–rich organs is significantly associated with clinical response.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Expert Modeling Videos on Nursing Student Competency Behaviors
Authors: Dodson Tracy M. , Reed Janet M. 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Expert modeling videos (EMVs) have shown promise in improving students’ performance in simulation. However, research evaluating the impact of EMVs is limited to major performance areas, lacking exploration into specific student competency behaviors.

Purpose:
This study evaluated the effect of an EMV intervention on undergraduate nursing students’ behavioral competencies as measured by the Creighton Competency Evaluation Instrument (CCEI).

Methods:
Using a quasi-experimental pragmatic evaluation design, students in a medical surgical nursing course (n = 160) viewed either an expert model demonstration video (experimental) or expert model discussion video (control). Students’ behavioral competencies were measured and compared between groups using the CCEI.

Results:
Students who viewed an expert model demonstration video performed at a higher level of competency in 11 of the 18 CCEI behaviors.

Conclusion:
Using EMVs in nursing simulation may improve students’ ability to achieve clinical competency in nursing specific behaviors.
Effect of Propolis on Salivary Glands After Radiotherapy
Authors: Erdim Ibrahim , Colak Sefa , Demirsoy Mustafa Sami , Avci Gulhan Guler , Gevrek Fikret , Ozmen Zeliha Cansel 
Published: May 2024

Objectives:
To investigate the effects of increasing propolis doses on salivary glands exposed to radiotherapy (RT).

Methods:
Thirty-seven rats were divided into 4 groups: The control group (G0, n: 7), G1 group (n: 10), G2 group (n: 10), and G3 group (n: 10). The rats in the G1 group received 15 Gray (Gy) RT only to the head and neck area. The rats in the G2 and G3 groups received 15 Gy RT for the head and neck area along with 100 mg/kg/ml and 200 mg/kg/ml of propolis. The parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands of rats were immunohistochemically stained with aquaporin-1 (AQP-1) and aquaporin-5 (AQP-5). They were also evaluated for malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPO), total antioxidant (TAS), and total oxidant status (TOS).

Results:
AQP-1 and AQP-5 values were highest in G0 group followed by G3, G2, and G1 groups in decreasing order. The MDA and TOS values were highest in G1 group, which was followed by G2, G3, and G0 groups. The highest GPO, SOD, and TAS values were observed in G0 group followed by G3, G2, and G1 groups in decreasing order.

Conclusion:
It was found that propolis increased antioxidant products and decreased oxidative products in the salivary glands receiving RT in parallel with the dose increase. Similarly, in the groups receiving propolis, an increase in the immune expression of aquaporin molecules was detected in a dose-dependent manner. Based on these data, it could be stated that propolis has a healing effect on the salivary glands exposed to RT.