bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spontaneous regression of vestibular schwannomas after resection of contralateral tumor in neurofibromatosis Type 2
Authors: von Eckardstein Kajetan L. , Beatty Charles W. , Driscoll Colin L. W. , Link Michael J. 
Published: June 2009

The authors report on 2 patients with bilateral vestibular schwannomas (VSs) who underwent unilateral surgical tumor removal. One patient was followed up for 4 years, the other for 9; in both cases, the contralateral VS regressed markedly without any additional treatment during the follow-up period. Serial MR imaging was performed to monitor the untreated tumor, which in both cases involved the only hearing ear. The tumors were assessed volumetrically. The contralateral tumors appeared to enlarge mildly at initial follow-up and then, with no treatment, regressed (to 23% of the original maximum volume in Case 1 and to 15% of the original maximum in Case 2). The largest posterior fossa diameter decreased from 30.1 mm to 18.6 mm in Case 1 over 4 years and from 27 mm to 16 mm over 8 years in Case 2. Hearing declined only mildly during follow-up in both patients.
These cases demonstrate the first well-documented, long-term, spontaneous VS regressions in patients with neurofibromatosis Type 2. They underline the importance of careful observation of VS involving the only hearing ear in the management of bilateral VS to determine the natural growth pattern of the tumors. The mechanism of the dramatic spontaneous tumor regression is uncertain.
Tri‐Chain Hydrocarbon Surfactants as Designed Micellar Modifiers for Supercritical CO2
Authors: Hollamby Martin J. , Trickett Kieran , Mohamed Azmi , Cummings Stephen , Tabor Rico F. , Myakonkaya Olesya , Gold Sarah , Rogers Sarah , Heenan Richard K. , Eastoe Julian 
Published: June 2009

AbstractNasse Füße: Preiswerte Kohlenwasserstofftenside fungieren als fluide Modifikatoren für überkritisches Kohlendioxid (scCO2). Durch verstärktes Verzweigen der Tensidketten an ihren Enden wird die Micellenbildung erleichtert (mittleres Bild: CO2 grün), und mit mehr Ketten kann Wasser eingelagert werden (rechts, blau).magnified image
Synchronization of leader‐follower networks with coupling delays via variable structure control
Authors: Yao Jing , Wang Hou‐Neng , Guan Zhi‐Hong , Wang Hua O. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThis paper investigates synchronization in leader‐follower networks with varying time‐delay interconnections. In such a network, the leader has its own dynamics and is followed by all the other nodes. Specifically, a variable structure control strategy is developed for the synchronization of the leader‐follower networks based on the Lyapunov stability theory. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society
Output feedback variable structure control of uncertain linear systems in the presence of actuator dynamics
Authors: Wang Ning , Xu Wenli , Chen Feng 
Published: June 2009

AbstractA new output feedback variable structure control scheme is developed based on a novel passivity idea. This scheme may practically stabilize a class of higher‐relative‐degree uncertain linear systems, and realize output tracking and disturbance attenuation as well. The controller is composed of linear filters and a single relay, without employing real‐time exact differentiators. Under this framework, we also explain how actuator dynamics affect the closed loop behavior. A simulation example shows the simplicity and efficiency of this method. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society
Composite disturbance‐observer‐based control andH∞control for nonlinear time‐delay systems
Authors: Wei Xinjiang , Wu Lingyao , Chen Nan 
Published: June 2009

AbstractA novel type of control scheme combined the distance‐observer‐based control (DOBC) withH∞control is proposed for a class of nonlinear time‐delay systems subject to disturbances. The disturbances are supposed to include two parts. One in the input channel is generated by an exogenous system with uncertainty, which can represent the harmonic signals with modeling perturbations. The other is supposed to have the boundedH2norm. The disturbance observers based on regional pole placement and D‐stability theory are presented, which can be designed separately from the controller design. By integrating disturbance‐observer‐based control withH∞control laws, the disturbances can be rejected and attenuated, simultaneously, the desired dynamic performances can be guaranteed for nonlinear time‐delay systems with unknown nonlinear dynamics. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society
Capped Subporphyrins
Authors: Inokuma Yasuhide , Osuka Atsuhiro 
Published: June 2009

AbstractCapped subporphyrins 12–16 with C3 molecular symmetry were synthesized from 5,10,15‐tri(3‐aminophenyl)‐substituted subporphyrin 8 and tripodal trialdehydes 2–6 by Lindsey’s entropically favored macrocyclization. X‐ray diffraction analysis has revealed that the concave surface of the subporphyrin core is selectively capped with a 1,3,5‐substituted benzene moiety. Capped subporphyrins 15 and 16, with a five‐atom arm and thus large inner cavities, exhibit solvent incorporation behavior in their crystal structures. On the other hand, subporphyrins 12 and 13 exhibit tight structures, in which the cap and subporphyrin core are found much closer with average interplanar separations of 3.56 and 3.15 Å, respectively. Variable‐temperature 1H NMR measurements revealed that subporphyrins 12, 13, and 16 undergo spiral interconversions between P and M forms depending on the arm length and the electronic nature of the cap. Of these, subporphyrin 13, with a 1,3,5‐tri(alkoxycarbonyl)benzene cap strapped by three‐atom arms, exhibits a considerably slow spiral interconversion with a large enthalpy change of ΔH≠=76.4 kJ mol−1 and a characteristic redshift of the Soret‐like band and enhancement of the Q(0,0) band. These properties are ascribed to considerable through‐space charge‐transfer interactions between the electron‐deficient cap and the subporphyrin core and the multiple CHπ interactions.
Cover Picture: Switchable Ambient‐Temperature Singlet–Triplet Dual Emission in Nonconjugated Donor–Acceptor Triarylboron–PtII Complexes (Chem. Eur. J. 25/2009)
Authors: Hudson Zachary M. , Zhao Shu‐Bin , Wang Rui‐Yao , Wang Suning 
Published: June 2009

AbstractSinglet–triplet dual emission has been achieved in single molecules containing triarylboron and N‐(2′‐pyridyl)‐7‐azaindole chromophores. The structure of a Pt(II) complex and its dual emission spectrum are depicted in the cover picture. In their Full Paper on page 6131 ff., S. Wang et al. demonstrate that metal chelation and nonconjugated chromophores with a common excitation wavelength facilitate singlet and triplet dual emission in solution at ambient temperature that originate from two separate parts of the molecule.magnified image
Synthesis, Structure, and Spectroscopic and Electrochemical Properties of Copper(II/I) Complexes with Symmetrical and Unsymmetrical 2,9‐Diaryl‐1,10‐phenanthroline Ligands
Authors: Yang Peiju , Yang Xiao‐Juan , Wu Biao 
Published: June 2009

AbstractA series of copper(II) and copper(I) complexes, [CuX2L] (1–6) and [CuL2](CuX2) (7–12) (X = Cl, Br; L = 2‐R‐9‐R′‐1,10‐phenanthroline, dpp: R = R′ = Ph; npp: R = naphthyl, R′ = Ph; dnp: R = R′ = naphthyl) were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, UV/Vis and IR spectroscopy, and X‐ray crystal diffraction (for 1, 3, 6, and 12). The copper(II) complexes are four‐coordinate with one phenanthroline ligand and two halogen atoms, whereas the copper(I) complexes are tetrahedrally coordinated by two bidentate phenanthroline ligands. Cyclic voltammetry studies of the CuI complexes in CH2Cl2 reveal that bulky groups in the 2,9‐positions have significant effects on the redox potential of the CuII/I couple, which is more positive for the complexes with the dnp ligand than those with the dpp and npp ligands. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Bidentate Lewis Base Adducts of Methyltrioxidorhenium(VII): Ligand Influence on Catalytic Performance and Stability
Authors: Zhou Ming‐Dong , Jain Kavita R. , Günyar Alev , Baxter Paul N. W. , Herdtweck Eberhardt , Kühn Fritz E. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractMethyltrioxidorhenium (MTO) forms 1:1 adducts of the general formula CH3ReO3·L2 with bidentate Lewis bases (L2 = 5,5′‐dimethyl‐2,2′‐bipyridine, 5,5′‐diamino‐2,2′‐bipyridine, 4,4′‐dibromo‐2,2′‐bipyridine, 5,5′‐dibromo‐2,2′‐bipyridine, diethyl 2,2′‐bipyridine‐5,5′‐dicarboxylate, 1,10‐phenanthroline‐5,6‐dione, 3,6‐di(2‐pyridyl)pyridazine). Due to the steric demands of the ligands, the complexes display a distorted octahedral geometry as confirmed by solid state X‐ray crystallography. The rhenium center is disordered in all examined crystal structures. The complexes synthesized are thermally stable but sensitive to light and moisture. The 2,2′‐bipyridine derived complexes exhibit good catalytic activities for cyclooctene epoxidation in a biphasic H2O2/organic solvent catalytic system using hydrogen peroxide as oxidizing agent. The functional groups on the bipyridine rings play an important role with respect to the differences in formation, stability and activity of the complexes. Their influence depends largely on their electron donor capabilities. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Validating the eating disorder inventory (EDI‐2) in two danish samples: A comparison between female eating disorder patients and females from the general population
Authors: Clausen Loa , Rokkedal Kristian , Rosenvinge Jan H. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe Eating Disorder Inventory, Version 2 (EDI‐2) is a questionnaire used clinically and in research all over the world. EDI‐2 is cross‐culturally valid, yet normative values may depend on culture. Norms and reliability of the Danish version have to date been lacking, and will be presented in this article, comparing patients (N = 575) and controls (N = 881). Also, internal reliability of scales is tested for both groups. Differences between norms of the Danish and the North American version of EDI were small but significant for all scales except asceticism (eating disorder patients) and ineffectiveness, interpersonal distrust and maturity fears (normal controls). For both groups the internal consistency was >0.70 for all subscales except asceticism. Although differences across the eating disorder diagnostic groups were dubious, the EDI‐2 is useful to screen for eating problems in the general population as well as to rate progress and outcome among eating disorder patients. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Shedding new light onto the ceiling and floor? A quantile regression approach to compare EQ‐5D and SF‐6D responses
Authors: Seymour Janelle , McNamee Paul , Scott Anthony , Tinelli Michela 
Published: June 2009

AbstractAn important issue in the measurement of health status concerns the extent to which an instrument displays lack of sensitivity to changes in health status at the extremes of the distribution, known as floor and ceiling effects. Previous studies use relatively simple methods that focus on the mean of the distribution to examine these effects. The aim of this paper is to determine whether quantile regression using longitudinal data improves our understanding of the relationship between quality of life instruments. The study uses EQ‐5D and SF‐36 (converted to SF‐6D values) instruments with both baseline and follow‐up data. Relative to ordinary least least‐squares (OLS), a first difference model shows much lower association between the measures, suggesting that OLS methods may lead to biased estimates of the association, due to unobservable patient characteristics. The novel finding, revealed by quantile regression, is that the strength of association between the instruments is different across different parts of the health distribution, and is dependent on whether health improves or deteriorates. The results suggest that choosing one instrument at the expense of another is difficult without good prior information surrounding the expected magnitude and direction of health improvement related to a health‐care intervention. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dual optical coherence tomography/fluorescence microscopy for monitoring of Drosophila melanogaster larval heart
Authors: Bradu Adrian , Ma Lisha , Bloor James W. , Podoleanu Adrian 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThis article demonstrates a combined instrument of two imaging modalities to acquire information on cardiac function in larval Drosophila melanogaster: optical coherence tomography (OCT) and laser scanning fluorescence microscopy (LSFM). For this purpose, a dedicated imaging instrument able to sequentially provide cross‐sectional OCT and C‐scan LSFM images has been developed. With this dual‐imaging system, the heart can be easily located and visualized within the specimen and the change of the heart shape in a cardiac cycle can be monitored. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Low‐temperature conditioning combined with methyl jasmonate treatment reduces chilling injury of peach fruit
Authors: Jin Peng , Wang Kaituo , Shang Haitao , Tong Junmao , Zheng Yonghua 
Published: June 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: Peaches are sensitive to low temperature and develop chilling injury (CI) symptoms during refrigerated storage. This CI reduces consumer acceptance of peaches and limits the potential postharvest market life of the fruit. To develop a suitable technique to reduce CI, the effect of a combination of low‐temperature conditioning (LTC) and methyl jasmonate (MJ) treatment on CI of peach fruit was investigated in this study.RESULTS: Freshly harvested firm‐mature peaches were treated with a combination of LTC at 10 or 20 °C and 1 µmol L−1 MJ and then stored at 0 °C for 5 weeks. The fruits developed CI during storage, manifested as internal browning and flesh mealiness. The combined treatment significantly reduced these CI symptoms and maintained higher fruit quality. The activities of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase were significantly inhibited while those of superoxide dismutase, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase were induced by the combined treatment. In addition, the activities of phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase and polygalacturonase and the level of total phenolics were enhanced by the combined treatment.CONCLUSION: The combination of LTC and MJ treatment could be a useful technique to reduce CI and maintain quality in peach fruit during cold storage. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Efficacy of trivalent chromium on growth performance, carcass characteristics and tissue chromium in heat‐stressed broiler chicks
Authors: Zha Long‐Ying , Zeng Jing‐Wen , Chu Xin‐Wei , Mao Li‐Mei , Luo Hai‐Ji 
Published: June 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: Trivalent chromium (Cr) is usually claimed to have a positive effect on growth and carcass traits in livestock. The objective of this study was to comparatively assess the effects of 6 weeks of treatment with different forms of Cr (500 µg kg−1), namely Cr nanocomposite (CrNano), Cr picolinate (CrPic) and Cr chloride (CrCl3), on growth performance, carcass characteristics and tissue Cr in heat‐stressed broiler chicks.RESULTS: Supplementation of CrNano and CrPic significantly increased average daily gain, feed efficiency, carcass yields and lean muscles and decreased abdominal fat. In addition, CrNano significantly increased protein contents in breast and thigh muscles and lowered fat and cholesterol levels in thigh muscles. CrPic significantly increased thigh muscle protein content and decreased thigh muscle fat and cholesterol levels. Dietary addition of CrNano, CrPic and CrCl3 resulted in significant increases of Cr content in serum, liver and kidney. Moreover, supplemental CrNano produced significant increments of Cr deposit in breast and thigh muscles.CONCLUSION: The results indicate that supplementation of Cr in the form of CrNano and CrPic might be an effective tool for enhancing the growth performance and carcass traits of broiler chicks in heat‐stressed condition. CrNano seemed to have greater beneficial effects in comparison with CrPic. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Laser‐initiated ignition
Authors: Tauer J. , Kofler H. , Wintner E. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractAfter an introduction illustrating the relevance and motivation of laser ignition of engines, the physical background is reviewed in a first technical section. This mainly comprises the mechanisms of plasma formation, which are the generation of first free electrons and their avalanche‐like multiplication, being illustrated by emission and Schlieren diagnostics. Thereafter, combustion fundamentals are discussed leading to an understanding of flammability and minimum ignition laser energies. An important section is represented by the description of the components of laser ignition. This covers the setup and function of a diode‐pumped passively Q‐switched solid‐state laser system, which preferentially is based on Nd:YAG. Other laser sources are mentioned for comparison. Furthermore, multiplexing schemes are discussed that are motivated by cost‐saving issues. It is explained why present‐day optical fibers are not capable of transporting nanosecond ignition pulses. As a last section, the concepts for an incoupling window and focusing optics are elucidated. Finally, after a summary, in an outlook the chances for commercial realization are analyzed.
A simple two‐stage design for quantitative responses with application to a study in diabetic neuropathic pain
Authors: Whitehead John , Valdés‐Márquez Elsa , Lissmats Agneta 
Published: June 2009

AbstractTwo‐stage designs offer substantial advantages for early phase II studies. The interim analysis following the first stage allows the study to be stopped for futility, or more positively, it might lead to early progression to the trials needed for late phase II and phase III. If the study is to continue to its second stage, then there is an opportunity for a revision of the total sample size. Two‐stage designs have been implemented widely in oncology studies in which there is a single treatment arm and patient responses are binary. In this paper the case of two‐arm comparative studies in which responses are quantitative is considered. This setting is common in therapeutic areas other than oncology. It will be assumed that observations are normally distributed, but that there is some doubt concerning their standard deviation, motivating the need for sample size review. The work reported has been motivated by a study in diabetic neuropathic pain, and the development of the design for that trial is described in detail. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Atmospheric pressure infrared (10.6 µm) laser desorption electrospray ionization (IR‐LDESI) coupled to a LTQ Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer
Authors: Sampson Jason S. , Muddiman David C. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractWe present the implementation of a CO2 laser emitting infrared laser irradiation at 10.6 µm onto the versatile atmospheric pressure ionization platform. Infrared laser desorption electrospray ionization (IR‐LDESI) is demonstrated from liquid‐state samples at atmospheric pressure with and without ESI postionization. Multiply charged proteins ranging in molecular mass from 8.6 to 17 kDa were detected from liquid‐state samples without the addition of matrix. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On the asymptotics for solutions of system of two linear oscillators with slowly decreasing coupling
Authors: Nesterov P. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractIn this paper, we construct the asymptotic formulas for solutions of system of two linear oscillators with slowly decreasing coupling as t → ∞. To study this system we use the specially developed variant of the method of averaging that was introduced for investigation of systems with oscillatory decreasing coefficients. To get the asymptotics for the solutions we involve Levinson's fundamental theorem. Moreover, we estimate the o(1) term in asymptotic formulas.
Extension of Nonoperative Management of Blunt Pancreatic Trauma to Include Grade III Injuries: A Safety Analysis
Authors: Pata Giacomo , Casella Claudio , Di Betta Ernesto , Grazioli Luigi , Salerni Bruno 
Published: June 2009

AbstractBackgroundIn hemodynamically stable patients after blunt pancreatic trauma, the main pancreatic duct (MPD) disruption (American Association for the Surgery of Trauma [AAST] grade III‐IV‐V lesions) is usually treated surgically or by endoscopic stent placement, whereas injuries without duct involvement (grade I‐II) are liable to medical treatment. To date, no evidence has been reported regarding nonoperative management (NoM) of grade III injuries. We aimed to evaluate the safety of extending medical management to include cases of distal MPD involvement (grade III).Patients and methodsData were collected on patients admitted after blunt pancreatic trauma between January 1999 and December 2007. Patients exhibiting hemodynamic instability or hollow organ perforations were excluded from this study, as they were surgically managed. In all remaining cases NoM was attempted. Antibiotic prophylaxis and early total enteral nutrition were routinely adopted. Grade III patients received octreotide during hospitalization and for 6 months after discharge.ResultsEleven patients (2 with grade I injury, 3 with grade II injury, and 6 with grade III injury, all diagnosed by contrast‐enhanced helical CT) were included. Nonsurgical management was carried out in all of these patients. Among grade III patients, one developed a peripancreatic abscess; another, a pancreatic fistula. Both were successfully treated nonoperatively. The average length of hospital stay was similar in grade I‐II and grade III patients. After a median follow‐up of 57 months no mortality or pancreatic sequelae had occurred.ConclusionsUnder the aforementioned conditions, an attempt to extend NoM to include patients with AAST‐grade III lesions can be justified. However, such a strategy demands continuous patient monitoring, because should the case worsen, surgery might become necessary.
Evaluation of a statewide youth‐focused relationships education curriculum☆,☆☆
Authors: Kerpelman Jennifer L. , Pittman Joe F. , Adler‐Baeder Francesca , Eryigit Suna , Paulk Amber 
Published: June 2009

ABSTRACTRomantic relationships matter for adolescents. Experiences in romantic relationships facilitate key areas of personal and interpersonal development, however, problems in romantic relationships and lack of positive role models can lead to increased risk of developing unhealthy relationship patterns that can persist into adulthood. The goals of this applied research project were to examine the effectiveness of a youth‐focused relationships education curriculum, and to use the knowledge gained to inform practices in relationships education for adolescents. Findings from pre and post‐intervention assessments and from two follow‐up surveys provide evidence of program success and offer key insights for the development of an effective model of relationships education tailored for adolescents.