bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reduced doses of emicizumab achieve good efficacy: Results from a national‐wide multicentre real‐world study in China
Authors: Xu Yuan , Wang Ying , Wu Runhui , Zheng Changcheng , Zhang Li , Xu Weiqun , Feng Xiaoqin , Wang Hua , Cao Xiangshan , He Liya , Xue Tianyang , Jin Mingwei , Xie Bingshou , Ling Jing , Sun Lirong , Su Rui , Cheng Hongbo , Fang Yongjun , Poon Man‐Chiu , Liu Wei , Zhang Lei , Xue Feng , Yang Renchi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionReduced doses of emicizumab improve the affordability among patients in developing countries. However, the relationship between variant dose selection and efficacy in the real world of China is still unclear.AimThis study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of emicizumab especially in those on reduced dose regimens in a real‐world setting.MethodsWe carried out a multicentre study from 28 hospitals between June 2019 and June 2023 in China and retrospectively analysed the characteristics including demographics, diagnosis, treatment, bleeding episodes, and surgical procedures.ResultsIn total, 127 patients with haemophilia A, including 42 with inhibitors, were followed for a median duration of 16.0 (IQR: 9.0–30.0) months. Median age at emicizumab initiation was 2.0 (IQR: 1.0–4.0) years. Median (IQR) consumption for loading and maintenance was 12.0 (8.0–12.0) and 4.2 (3.0–6.0) mg/kg/4 weeks, respectively. While on emicizumab, 67 (52.8%) patients had no bleeds, whereas 60 (47.2%) patients had any bleeds, including 26 with treated bleeds. Compared to previous treatments, patients on emicizumab had significantly decreased annualized bleeding rate, annualized joint bleeding rate, target joints and intracerebral haemorrhage. Different dosages had similar efficacy except the proportion of patients with treated spontaneous bleeds and target joints. Adverse events were reported in 12 (9.4%) patients. Postoperative excessive bleeding occurred following two of nine procedures.ConclusionThis is the largest study describing patients with HA receiving emicizumab prophylaxis on variant dose regimens in China. We confirmed that nonstandard dose is efficacious and can be considered where full‐dose emicizumab is ill affordable.
THE IMPACT OF A LARGE DEPRECIATION ON THE COST OF LIVING OF RICH AND POOR CONSUMERS
Authors: Colicev Anatoli , Hoste Joris , Konings Jozef 
Published: June 2024

AbstractUsing retailer scanner data, we investigate how a sharp and abrupt depreciation of the exchange rate affects consumers' cost of living. We find that the marginal cost of imported goods increased, whereas their retail markups decreased compared to domestic products. There was also a surge in the entry and exit of both foreign and local product varieties post‐depreciation. Wealthier consumers, who spend more on imports, are hit harder by higher marginal costs but benefit from reduced markups and increased product diversity, unlike their less affluent counterparts.
Skin barrier: new therapeutic targets for chronic kidney disease‐associated pruritus – a narrative review
Authors: Zhai Siyue , Chen Lei , Liu Hua , Wang Meng , Xue Jinhong , Zhao Xue , Jiang Hongli 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe current incidence of chronic kidney disease‐associated pruritus (CKD‐aP) in patients with end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) is approximately 70%, especially in those receiving dialysis, which negatively affects their work and private lives. The CKD‐aP pathogenesis remains unclear, but uremic toxin accumulation, histamine release, and opioid imbalance have been suggested to lead to CKD‐aP. Current therapeutic approaches, such as opioid receptor modulators, antihistamines, and ultraviolet B irradiation, are associated with some limitations and adverse effects. The skin barrier is the first defense in preventing external injury to the body. Patients with chronic kidney disease often experience itch due to the damaged skin barrier and reduced secretion of sweat and secretion from sebaceous glands. Surprisingly, skin barrier‐repairing agents repair the skin barrier and inhibit the release of inflammatory cytokines, maintain skin immunity, and ameliorate the micro‐inflammatory status of afferent nerve fibers. Here, we summarize the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and treatment status of CKD‐aP and explore the possibility of skin barrier repair in CKD‐aP treatment.
Discovery of a monoclonal, high‐affinity CD8+ T‐cell clone following natural hepatitis C virus infection
Authors: Cai Curtis , Keoshkerian Elizabeth , Wing Kristof , Samir Jerome , Effenberger Manuel , Schober Kilian , Bull Rowena A , Lloyd Andrew R , Busch Dirk H , Luciani Fabio 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCD8+ T cells recognizing their cognate antigen are typically recruited as a polyclonal population consisting of multiple clonotypes with varying T‐cell receptor (TCR) affinity to the target peptide–major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) complex. Advances in single‐cell sequencing have increased accessibility toward identifying TCRs with matched antigens. Here we present the discovery of a monoclonal CD8+ T‐cell population with specificity for a hepatitis C virus (HCV)–derived human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I epitope (HLA‐B*07:02 GPRLGVRAT) which was isolated directly ex vivo from an individual with an episode of acutely resolved HCV infection. This population was absent before infection and underwent expansion and stable maintenance for at least 2 years after infection as measured by HLA‐multimer staining. Furthermore, the monoclonal clonotype was characterized by an unusually long dissociation time (half‐life = 794 s and koff = 5.73 × 10−4) for its target antigen when compared with previously published results. A comparison with related populations of HCV‐specific populations derived from the same individual and a second individual suggested that high‐affinity TCR–pMHC interactions may be inherent to epitope identity and shape the phenotype of responses which has implications for rational TCR selection and design in the age of personalized immunotherapies.
Parental perceptions and acceptance of silver diamine fluoride staining in Italy
Authors: Cappiello Maria Chiara , Lardani Lisa , Fitzgibbon Raquel , Gatto Maria Rosaria , Crystal Yasmi Ornelas , Guinot Jimeno Francisco , Piana Gabriela , Bagattoni Simone 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundParental perceptions of staining due to silver diamine fluoride (SDF) could affect its utilization in paediatric dentistry. This study represents the second part of a wider project focused on SDF esthetic acceptability among Italian parents.AimTo evaluate parental acceptance of SDF staining in Italy and to assess whether the parent's level of acceptance depends on location, child's behavior, or demographic background.DesignA cross‐sectional study was conducted among Italian parents of children attending two university dental clinics. We used a validated Italian version of the questionnaire “Parental Perceptions of Silver Diamine Fluoride Dental Color Changes.”ResultsTwo hundred and thirty‐four parents took part in the survey. Of parents, 65.4% considered the staining on posterior teeth esthetically “acceptable” or “somewhat acceptable,” and 19.3% on anterior teeth (p = .001). In a scenario of positive cooperation, 48.5% of parents were “somewhat likely” or “very likely” to choose SDF to treat posterior teeth, and 17.6% on anterior teeth (p = .001). Level of acceptance increased as the difficulty the child would experience to receive conventional treatment increased.ConclusionStaining on posterior teeth is more acceptable to parents than staining on anterior teeth. Level of acceptance on anterior teeth increases when sedation or general anesthesia is the alternative for the child.
Clinical perspectives on sampling and processing approaches for the management of infection in diabetic foot ulceration: A qualitative study
Authors: di Martino Erica , Nelson Elizabeth Andrea , Nixon Jane Elizabeth , Russell David Alexander , Goodman Anna Louise , Mehta Sanjeev Rasiklal , Game Frances 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDiabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) often become infected and are treated with antimicrobials, with samples collected to inform care. Swab samples are easier than tissue sampling but report fewer organisms. Compared with culture and sensitivity (C&S) methods, molecular microbiology identifies more organisms. Clinician perspectives on sampling and processing are unknown. We explored clinician perspectives on DFU sampling—tissue samples/wound swabs—and on processing techniques, culture and sensitivity or molecular techniques. The latter provides information on organisms which have not survived transport to the laboratory for culture. We solicited feedback on molecular microbiology reports. Qualitative study using semi‐structured interview, with analysis using a Framework approach. CODIFI2 clinicians from UK DFU clinics. Seven consultants agreed to take part. They reported, overall, a preference for tissue samples over swabbing. Clinicians were not confident replacing C&S with molecular microbiology as the approach to reporting was unfamiliar. The study was small and did not recruit any podiatrists or nurses, who may have discipline‐specific attitudes or perspectives on DFU care. Both sampling approaches appear to be used by clinicians. Molecular microbiology reports would not be, at present, suitable for replacement of traditional culture and sensitivity.
Quality of life measurement in urticaria: Position statement of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology Task Forces on Quality of Life and Patient‐Oriented Outcomes and Urticaria and Angioedema
Authors: Chernyshov P. V. , Finlay A. Y. , Tomas‐Aragones L. , Zuberbier T. , Kocatürk E. , Manolache L. , Pustisek N. , Svensson A. , Marron S. E. , Sampogna F. , Bewley A. , Salavastru C. , Koumaki D. , Augustin M. , Linder D. , Abeni D. , Salek S. S. , Szepietowski J. , Jemec G. B. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (EADV) Task Forces on quality of life (QoL) and patient‐oriented outcomes and on urticaria and angioedema recommendations for the assessment of Health‐related (HR) QoL in all patients with urticaria in research and practice are as follows: to use the DLQI for adults and the CDLQI for children as dermatology‐specific and the CU‐Q2oL as a disease‐specific HRQoL instruments in urticaria; to use generic instruments to provide comparison of data on urticaria with non‐dermatologic diseases, or to compare with healthy volunteers or the general population; to select validated HRQoL instruments with appropriate age limits; to present exact numeric data for HRQoL results; correct title of any HRQoL instrument should be used, along with its correct abbreviation and the reference to its original publication, where possible. The EADV TFs discourage the use of non‐validated HRQoL instruments and modified HRQoL instruments that have not undergone standard validation.
Exploring the potential of insect gut microbes for advancing renewable energy production
Authors: Fu Chun , Shah Assar Ali , Alissa Mohammed , Alsuwat Meshari A. , Ullah Shakeeb , Khan Muhammad Shuaib , Zaman Ali 
Published: June 2024

AbstractInsect gut microbes represent a rich source of enzymes and metabolic pathways that can be harnessed to advance renewable energy production. This review explores the potential of insect gut microbiota in the context of biomass degradation and biofuel production. Insects, particularly wood‐feeding species like termites and beetles, harbour complex microbial communities in their guts that efficiently break down lignocellulosic materials into simple sugars. These sugars can then be fermented into biofuels such as ethanol and methane. Recent research has focused on identifying key microbial species and enzymes involved in this process, as well as on engineering these microbes to enhance their efficiency and substrate specificity. Additionally, the ecological roles of these microbes in insect digestion and their potential for biotechnological applications beyond biofuel production are discussed. Overall, understanding and harnessing insect gut microbes holds great promise for advancing sustainable and renewable energy solutions.
My feed is what I eat? A qualitative study on adolescents' awareness and appreciation of food marketing on social media
Authors: van der Bend Daphne L.M. , Beunke Tjamke A. , Shrewsbury Vanessa A. , Bucher Tamara , van Kleef Ellen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundAdolescents spend much of their time online and hence are exposed to a lot of non‐core (energy‐dense, nutrient‐poor) social media food marketing (SMFM). This may influence their dietary choices and health. This present study aimed to investigate adolescents’ perceptions towards SMFM; that is, their recognition and appreciation of SMFM.MethodsSemi‐structured one‐on‐one interviews were conducted with Dutch adolescents aged 13–16 years (n = 16), on Skype. Examples of food promotions on Instagram, Snapchat, TikTok and YouTube were discussed with adolescents.ResultsAdolescents’ reasons for recognising and appreciating or liking SMFM were often related to the level of product integration. Factors that determined participants’ recognition of SMFM included product focus (e.g., brand or product prominence), sponsorship disclosure, type of content (paid, influencer and peer‐generated content) and promotional strategy (e.g., discounts, promotional texts, layout). Participants’ appreciation of SMFM was determined by the format of a post (image, video, text, pop‐up), trustworthiness of the source (brand, celebrity, friend/peer), type of product promoted (core, non‐core) and appearance or layout of a post (e.g., professionalism, appeal).ConclusionsThe present study contributes to the ongoing debate on how to increase adolescents’ resilience to commercial messages that promote non‐core foods. Adolescents mostly enjoy watching non‐core video content from peers or influencers and do not perceive this as food marketing. It is recommended that future studies investigate the effects of earned social media marketing formats (i.e., unpaid peer and influencer endorsements) promoting non‐core foods on adolescents’ dietary intake, and how they can be made more critical towards such types of SMFM.
Examining Cesarean Among Individuals of Advanced Maternal Age in Nurse‐Midwifery Care
Authors: Kanjanakaew Antita , Song MinKyoung , Driessnack Martha , Erickson Elise N. 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionCesarean rates are rising, especially for individuals of advanced maternal age (AMA), defined as aged 35 or older. The Robson 10‐Group Classification System (TGCS) facilitates assessment and comparison of cesarean rates among individuals in different settings. In midwifery‐led care, in which pregnant people are typically healthier and seek a vaginal birth, it is unknown whether individuals of AMA have different antecedents leading to cesarean compared with younger counterparts. This study aimed to examine antecedents contributing to cesarean using Robson TGCS for individuals across age groups in midwifery care.MethodsThis study was a secondary analysis of 2 cohort data sets from Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU) and University of Michigan Health Systems (UMHS) hospitals. The samples were individuals in midwifery‐led care birthing at either OHSU from 2012 to 2019 or UMHS from 2007 to 2019.ResultsA total of 11,951 individuals were studied. Overall cesarean rates were low; however, the rate for individuals of AMA was higher than the rate of their younger counterparts (18.30% vs 15.10%). The Robson groups were similar; however, the primary contributor among AMA individuals was group 5 (multiparous with previous cesarean), followed by group 2 [nulliparous with labor induced or prelabor cesarean], and group 1 [nulliparous with spontaneous labor]. In contrast, the primary contributors for younger individuals were groups 1, 2, and 5, respectively. In addition, prelabor cesarean and induced labor partly mediated the relationship between AMA and cesarean among nulliparous individuals, whereas prelabor cesarean was the key contributor to cesarean among multiparous people.DiscussionThe cesarean rate in midwifery‐led care was low. Using Robson TGCS provided additional insight into the antecedents to cesarean, rather than viewing cesarean as a single outcome. Future studies should continue to use Robson TGCS and investigate antecedents to cesarean, including factors influencing successful vaginal birth after cesarean in individuals of AMA.
Influence of self‐management, self‐efficacy, depression and social support on quality of life in patients undergoing haemodialysis by disease stage in South Korea
Authors: Chang Aekyung , Kim Jisoo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimTo investigate the influence of self‐management, self‐efficacy, depression and social support by disease stage on quality of life in patients undergoing haemodialysis in South Korea.DesignA cross‐sectional survey design was used. Participants completed self‐report questionnaires.MethodsA convenience sample of 409 patients undergoing haemodialysis were recruited to complete self‐report questionnaires. T‐tests, ANOVA, multiple comparisons with Dunnett's T3 post hoc test, Pearson's correlation coefficients and hierarchical linear multiple regression were conducted using IBM SPSS version 25.0.ResultsThe crisis stage group had the highest mean quality of life score (M = 83.92). Factors influencing quality of life were social support and depression in the crisis stage and depression, self‐efficacy and self‐management in the stable stage, explaining 38.5% and 51.5% of the total variation each. In the downward stage, only depression was a significant predictor of quality of life, explaining 55.9% of it.ConclusionLong‐term intervention to decrease depression regardless of disease stage to improve quality of life in haemodialysis patients is required. Nursing interventions should include increasing social support to promote patients' quality of life in the crisis stage and improving self‐efficacy and self‐management in the stable stage.Implications for the profession and/or patient careBased on quality of life predictors, the development and implementation of patient‐centered nursing interventions considering the patient's disease stage can improve haemodialysis patients' quality of life.Impact

There is minimal research on patients' quality of life considering disease stage.

Depression was a significant factor of haemodialysis patients' quality of life in all stages, while social support was significant in the crisis stage and self‐efficacy and self‐management was significant in the stable stage.

Reporting MethodThis study was reported according to the STROBE checklist.Patient or Public ContributionValidated interviewer‐administered questionnaires were completed by patients undergoing haemodialysis in this study.
Recombinant human fibroblast growth factor and autogenous bone for periodontal regeneration: Alone or in combination? A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Kojima Kosuke , Kamata Yohei , Shimizu Tomoko , Sato Satsuki , Suzuki Sota , Takanashi Yuya , Hojo Sawako , Yoshino Takeshi , Fuchida Shinya , Tamura Toshiyuki , Minabe Masato , Kodama Toshiro , Kessoku Takaomi , Oyamada Shunsuke 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimTo compare the outcomes of therapy using recombinant human fibroblast growth factor (rhFGF)‐2 combined with autologous bone grafting (ABG) therapy with those of rhFGF‐2 alone and ABG alone in the treatment of periodontal intraosseous defects.MethodsPeriodontal intraosseous defects were randomized to receive rhFGF‐2 therapy + ABG, rhFGF‐2 therapy alone, or ABG alone. Periodontal examination and periapical radiography were performed preoperatively and at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.ResultsAt the 12 months follow‐up, all three groups showed significant improvement in the clinical attachment level (CAL): 5.6 ± 1.6, 5.8 ± 1.7, and 5.2 ± 1.6 mm in the rhFGF‐2 + ABG, rhFGF‐2 alone, and ABG alone groups, respectively, with no significant inter‐group differences (p < .05). rhFGF‐2 therapy (alone or in combination) resulted in greater bone defect filling (BDF) (2.3 ± 1.2 mm and 2.6 ± 1.9 mm, respectively) than ABG therapy alone (1.2 ± 1.2 mm). Gingival recession was lesser in the ABG alone (1.2 ± 1.1 mm) and rhFGF‐2 + ABG groups (1.4 ± 0.8 mm) than in the rhFGF‐2 alone group (2.2 ± 1.2 mm).ConclusionThe results of this study showed that at 12 months postoperatively, all treatments resulted in statistically significant clinical improvements compared to the baseline. From these results, it can be concluded that rhFGF‐2 promotes hard tissue regeneration in intraosseous defects.
Association between asthma and periodontitis: A case–control analysis of risk factors, related medications, and allergic responses
Authors: Saleh Muhammad H. A. , Decker Ann M. , Kalani Khushboo , Hoang Khoa , Mandil Obada , Gathalia Parth , Ray Bidisha , Lugogo Njira , Wang Hom‐Lay 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to investigate the association between asthma, related allergies and medication use, and the presence and severity of periodontitis among individuals at the University of Michigan School of Dentistry.MethodsEmploying a case–control design, the study analyzed data from 892 patients, half with asthma and half without asthma. Data collection included demographics, asthma history, medication use, allergies, and periodontal examination outcomes, including probing pocket depth (PPD), mobility, furcation involvement, and radiographic bone loss (RBL). Logistic regression models assessed the relationship between asthma and periodontitis, adjusting for confounders.ResultsAsthmatic patients exhibited significantly lower odds of periodontitis (OR = 0.10, p < .001) and were less likely to present with advanced stages (OR = 0.23, p < .001) and grades of the disease (OR = 0.31, p < .001) compared to non‐asthmatic patients. The study also found a higher proportion of females in the asthmatic group (67% vs. 51.8%, p < .001). Smoking was identified as a significant factor associated with periodontitis in patients with asthma, with former smokers at more than double the odds (OR = 2.28, p = .035) and current smokers at a slightly lower yet significant odds (OR = 1.87, p = .050). Additionally, asthmatic patients on adrenergic inhalers had an increased likelihood of developing periodontitis (OR = 1.76, p = .045). Allergies to codeine and latex were associated with higher odds of periodontitis, with ORs of 3.41 and 6.09, respectively.ConclusionsAsthma was found to be associated with lower odds of periodontitis. However, this association appears to be modified by smoking habits and the use of certain asthma medications, which are related to an increased likelihood of periodontitis among asthmatic patients.