bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic repression of mouse VEGF expression regulates coagulation cascade
Authors: Liu Xiao , Hao Liming , Zhang Shuzhi , Ji Yan , Zhang Yuntao , Lu Xiaodan , Shi Bo , Pei Haihong , Wang Yi , Chen Dongming , Guan Xingang , Zheng Yaowu 
Published: November 2010

AbstractVEGF is an important growth factor in embryonic development and functional maintenance of adult organs. Single allele inactivation of VEGF leads to embryonic lethality and many conditional disruptions show dramatic phenotypes or reduced viabilities. To overcome this burden, a reversible system, which was used in the regulation of VEGF expression and functional studies of many tissues and organs in adult, was developed. VEGF is known for expression in many tissues and high expression in platelets. Repression of VEGF expression showed significant defect in bleeding time and clotting time. In mouse model of LPS‐induced blood hypercoagulation, significant reduction of plasma thrombin‐antithrombin formation was observed in VEGF repressed mice, and tissues expressed different modes of damages. These results indicate that VEGF regulates coagulation cascade and may affect sepsis. This is the first genetic evidence of direct link between VEGF transcription and coagulation cascade. Studies using this system may help us to find out how VEGF regulates coagulation cascade and provide new strategies in treating coagulation related diseases. © 2010 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 2010.
Knockdown of TSP50 inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in P19 cells
Authors: Liang‐Zhou  , Bao Yong‐Li , Zhang Yu , Wu Yin , Yu Chun‐Lei , Huang Yan‐Xin , Sun Ying , Zheng Li‐Hua , Li Yu‐Xin 
Published: November 2010

AbstractEarlier studies identified testes‐specific protease 50 (TSP50), which encodes a threonine protease, and showed that it was abnormally reactivated in many breast cancer biopsies. Further, it was shown to be negatively regulated by the p53 gene. However, little is known about the biological function of TSP50. In this study, we applied RNA interference to knockdown TSP50 gene expression in P19 murine embryonal carcinoma stem cells and tested whether this modulated the cell phenotype. The results showed that downregulation of TSP50 expression not only reduced cell proliferation, colony formation, and migration but also induced cell apoptosis. Further investigation revealed that knockdown of TSP50 resulted in greater sensitivity to doxorubicin‐induced apoptosis and that activation of caspase‐3 was involved in this process. © 2010 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 2010
Evaluation of porcine hydrated dermis augmented repair in a fascial defect model
Authors: Hackett Eileen S , Harilal Dina , Bowley Chris , Hawes Michael , Turner A. Simon , Goldman Scott M. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractSurgical mesh composed of extracellular matrix promotes healing of difficult soft tissue and orthopedic repairs in preclinical and clinical trials. In this study, a novel extracellular matrix prepared from porcine hydrated dermis was evaluated in an in vivo fascial defect model in sheep. Fascial defects were created, and then acutely repaired with surgical mesh. Healed surgical sites were evaluated grossly, histologically, and biomechanically at 6 and 12 weeks. Porcine hydrated dermis extracellular matrix performed favorably compared to negative control empty defects and native fascia, with minimal gross adhesion, low histologic inflammatory scores, and significantly greater tensile strength of the healing surgical site when compared with native fascia. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2011.
Controllable dual‐release of dexamethasone and bovine serum albumin from PLGA/β‐tricalcium phosphate composite scaffolds
Authors: Yang Yanfang , Tang Gongwen , Zhang Hong , Zhao Yunhui , Yuan Xubo , Wang Min , Yuan Xiaoyan 
Published: November 2010

AbstractLocalized dual‐drug delivery from biodegradable scaffolds is an important strategy in tissue engineering. In this study, porous poly(L‐lactide‐co‐glycolide) (PLGA)/β‐tricalcium phosphate scaffolds containing both dexamethasone (Dex) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were prepared by incorporating Dex‐loaded and BSA‐loaded microspheres into the scaffolds. PLGA microspheres containing Dex or BSA were prepared by spray‐drying and double emulsion/solvent evaporation, respectively. In vitro release studies indicated that microspheres prepared from PLGA in 3:1 molar ratio of L‐lactide/glycolide and 89.5 kDa relative molecular mass showed prolonged release profiles compared with those prepared from PLGA in 1:1 L‐lactide/glycolide molar ratio and 30.5 kDa relative molecular mass. Additionally, introduction of poly(ethylene glycol) in the PLGA chain could improve the encapsulation efficiency and reduce the release rate. Based on the above results, controllable dual‐release of Dex and BSA with relatively higher or lower release rate was achieved by incorporating Dex‐loaded and BSA‐loaded microspheres with different release profiles into the PLGA/β‐tricalcium phosphate scaffolds. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2011.
Method of preparing a decellularized porcine tendon using tributyl phosphate
Authors: Deeken C. R. , White A. K. , Bachman S. L. , Ramshaw B. J. , Cleveland D. S. , Loy T. S. , Grant S. A. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractExtracellular matrix (ECM) materials are currently utilized for soft tissue repair applications such as vascular grafts, tendon reconstruction, and hernia repair. These materials are derived from tissues such as human dermis and porcine small intestine submucosa, which must be rendered acellular to prevent disease transmission and decrease the risk of an immune response. The ideal decellularization technique removes cells and cellular remnants, but leaves the original collagen architecture intact. The tissue utilized in this study was the central tendon of the porcine diaphragm, which had not been previously investigated for soft tissue repair. Several treatments were investigated during this study including peracetic acid, TritonX‐100, sodium dodecyl sulfate, and tri(n‐butyl) phosphate (TnBP). Of the decellularization treatments investigated, only 1% TnBP was effective in removing cell nuclei while leaving the structure and composition of the tissue intact. Overall, the resulting acellular tissue scaffold retained the ECM composition, strength, resistance to enzymatic degradation, and biocompatibility of the original tissue, making 1% TnBP an acceptable decellularization treatment for porcine diaphragm tendon. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2011.
Single‐molecule imaging of protein adsorption mechanisms to surfaces
Authors: Zareh Shannon Kian , Wang Yan Mei 
Published: November 2010

AbstractProtein‐surface interactions cause the desirable effect of controlled protein adsorption onto biodevices as well as the undesirable effect of protein fouling. The key to controlling protein‐surface adsorptions is to identify and quantify the main adsorption mechanisms: adsorptions that occur (1) while depositing a protein solution onto dry surfaces and (2) after the deposition onto wet surfaces. Bulk measurements cannot reveal the dynamic protein adsorption pathways and thus cannot differentiate between the two adsorption mechanisms. We imaged the interactions of single streptavidin molecules with hydrophobic fused‐silica surfaces in real‐time. We observed both adsorbed proteins on surfaces and diffusing proteins near surfaces and analyzed their adsorption kinetics. Our analysis shows that the protein solution deposition process is the primary mechanism of streptavidin adsorption onto surfaces at the subnanomolar to nanomolar protein concentrations. Furthermore, we found that hydrophilic fused‐silica surfaces can prevent the adsorption of streptavidin molecules. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Borel on the Questions Versus Borel on the Answers
Authors: Mildenberger Heike 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWe consider morphisms (also called Galois‐Tukey connections) between binary relations that are used in the theory of cardinal characteristics. In [8] we have shown that there are pairs of relations with no Borel morphism connecting them. The reason was a strong impact of the first of the two functions that constitute a morphism, the so‐called function on the questions. In this work we investigate whether the second half, the function on the answers' side, has a similarly strong impact. The main question is: Does the nonexistence of a Borel morphism imply the non‐existence of a morphism that is only Borel on the answers' side? We give sufficient conditions for an affirmative answer. The results are applied to the unsplitting relations where it has been open whether there is a morphism that is Borel on the answers' side.
The Hahn‐Banach Property and the Axiom of Choice
Authors: Dodu Juliette , Morillon Marianne 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWe work in set theory ZF without axiom of choice. Though the Hahn‐Banach theorem cannot be proved in ZF, we prove that every Gateaux‐differentiable uniformly convex Banach space E satisfies the following continuous Hahn‐Banach property: if p is a continuous sublinear functional on E, if F is a subspace of E, and if f: F → ℝ is a linear functional such that f ≤ p|F then there exists a linear functional g : E → ℝ such that g extends f and g ≤ p. We also prove that the continuous Hahn‐Banach property on a topological vector space E is equivalent to the classical geometrical forms of the Hahn‐Banach theorem on E. We then prove that the axiom of Dependent choices DC is equivalent to Ekeland's variational principle, and that it implies the continuous Hahn‐Banach property on Gateaux‐differentiable Banach spaces. Finally, we prove that, though separable normed spaces satisfy the continuous Hahn‐Banach property, they do not satisfy the whole Hahn‐Banach property in ZF+DC.
On Preservation Theorems for Two‐Variable Logic
Authors: Gradel Erich , Rosen Eric 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWe show that the existential preservation theorem fails for two‐variable first‐order logic FO2. It is known that for all k ≥ 3, FOk does not have an existential preservation theorem, so this settles the last open case, answering a question of Andreka, van Benthem, and Németi. In contrast, we prove that the homomorphism preservation theorem holds for FO2.
Two General Results on Intuitionistic Bounded Theories
Authors: Ferreira Fernando 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWe study, within the framework of intuitionistic logic, two well‐known general results of (classical logic) bounded arithmetic. Firstly, Parikh's theorem on the existence of bounding terms for the provably total functions. Secondly, the result which states that adding the scheme of bounded collection to (suitable) bounded theories does not yield new II2 consequences.
A Pigeonhole Property for Relational Structures
Authors: Bonato Anthony , Delić Dejan 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWe study those relational structures S with the property (P) that each partition of S contains a block isomorphic to S. We show that the Fraïsse limits of parametric classes K. have property (P); over a binary language, every countable structure in K satisfying (P) along with a condition on 1‐extensions must be isomorphic to this limit.
Two Remarks on Partitions of ω with Finite Blocks
Authors: Krajči Stanislav 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWe prove that all algebras P(w)/IR, where the IR‐'s are ideals generated by partitions of W into finite and arbitrary large elements, are isomorphic and homogeneous. Moreover, we show that the smallest size of a tower of such partitions with respect to the eventually‐refining preordering is equal to the smallest size of a tower on ω.
The Modality of Finite (Graded Modalities VII)
Authors: Fattorosi‐Barnaba Maurizio , Balestrini Uliano Paolozzi 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWe prove a completeness theorem for Kf, an extension of K by the operator ⋄f that means “there exists a finite number of accessible worlds such that … is true, plus suitable axioms to rule it. This is done by an application of the method of consistency properties for modal systems as in [4] with suitable adaptations. Despite no graded modality is invoked here, we consider this work as pertaining to that area both because ⋄f is a definable operator in the graded infinitary system Kω10 (see [4]), and because this idea was the original source for the development of graded modalities.
Definability of Geometric Properties in Algebraically Closed Fields
Authors: Chapuis Olivier , Koiran Pascal 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWe prove that there exists no sentenceFof the language of rings with an extra binary predicat I2satisfying the following property: for every definable setX⊆ ℂ2,Xis connected if and only if (ℂ,X) ⊧F, whereI2is interpreted byX.We conjecture that the same result holds for closed subset of ℂ2. We prove some results motivated by this conjecture.
Forcing the Least Measurable to Violate GCH
Authors: Apter Arthur W. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractStarting with a model for “GCH + k is k+ supercompact”, we force and construct a model for “k is the least measurable cardinal + 2k = K+”. This model has the property that forcing over it with Add(k,k++) preserves the fact k is the least measurable cardinal.
p‐Chlorobenzotrichloride revisited: novel analytical treatments of 2D exchange NQR in molecular crystals
Authors: Mackowiak Mariusz 
Published: November 2010

AbstractA theoretical treatment of the two‐dimensional exchange nuclear quadrupole resonance pulse sequence is presented and applied to the quantitative study of exchange processes in molecular crystals. The theory is successfully tested for the exchange spectra of hindered trichloromethyl groups of p‐chlorobenzotrichloride, where the conventional approach without taking into account the off‐resonance phenomena has failed. The mixing dynamics by exchange and the expected diagonal‐ and cross‐peak intensities as a function of the mixing time have been derived. It is shown that the off‐resonance effects are of crucial importance for the quantitative description of the exchange spectra. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Preparation and characterization of pH‐sensitive hydrogels based on chitosan, itaconic acid and methacrylic acid
Authors: Milosavljević Nedeljko B , Milašinović Nikola Z , Popović Ivanka G , Filipović Jovanka M , Kalagasidis Krušić Melina T 
Published: November 2010

AbstractNovel pH‐sensitive hydrogels based on chitosan, itaconic acid and methacrylic acid were prepared in two steps. Chitosan was first ionically crosslinked with itaconic acid, after which a free radical polymerization and crosslinking of the chitosan/itaconic acid network was performed by adding methacrylic acid and a crosslinker in order to achieve better mechanical properties and tunable swelling. The samples were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, X‐ray diffraction, dynamic mechanical analysis and the swelling ratios of the hydrogels at various pH values (2.0–8.0). The hydrogel composition is found to have a great impact on the hydrogel structure, mechanical and thermal properties, morphology and swelling kinetics. The highly porous morphology of the gels is probably connected with the bulky chitosan/itaconic acid network which reduces the degree of crosslinking in the second step of the synthesis due to steric hindrances. The gels demonstrate substantial change in buffer absorbency with change of pH, low for acid buffers and the higher for pH values above 6 where the swelling is considerably slow, thus suggesting their strong candidature for use as oral drug‐delivery systems in the lower parts of the gastrointestinal tract and for drugs that require longer release times. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Neuroendocrine prostate cancer xenografts with large‐cell and small‐cell features derived from a single patient's tumor: Morphological, immunohistochemical, and gene expression profiles
Authors: Aparicio Ana , Tzelepi Vasiliki , Araujo John C. , Guo Charles C. , Liang Shoudan , Troncoso Patricia , Logothetis Christopher J. , Navone Nora M. , Maity Sankar N. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBACKGROUNDSmall‐cell carcinoma (SCC) of the prostate is an AR‐negative variant of prostate cancer found at progression in 10–20% of castrate‐resistant disease. Its finding predicts a distinct clinical course and a poor prognosis. Large‐cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) is a much rarer variant that behaves similarly to SCC. The biological mechanisms that drive these disease variants are poorly understood.METHODSEight tumor fragments from the salvage pelvic exenteration specimen of a patient with castrate‐resistant prostate carcinoma were subcutaneously implanted into 6‐ to 8‐week‐old male CB17 SCID mice. Serial tissue sections and tissue microarrays of the resulting MDA PCa 144 xenograft lines were used for histopathologic and immunohistochemical characterization of the xenografts and their tissue of origin. RNA from two representative xenograft sublines was used for gene‐expression profiling.RESULTSAll eight fragments formed tumors: four of the MDA PCa 144 xenograft sublines had morphologic characteristics of SCC and four, of LCNEC. All retained high fidelity to their parent tumor tissue, which remained stable through serial passages. Morphological transitions in the specimen of origin suggested LCNEC represents an intermediate step between adenocarcinoma and SCC. Over 2,500 genes were differentially expressed between the SCC (MDA PCa 144‐13) and the LCNEC (MDA PCa 144‐4) sublines and enriched in “Nervous System Development” Gene Ontology subtree.CONCLUSIONThe eight xenograft models described represent the spectrum of neuroendocrine carcinomas in prostate cancer and will be valuable preclinical tools to study the pathogenesis of and therapy targets for this increasingly recognized subset of lethal prostate cancer. Prostate 71:846–856, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Chromosome 8 markers of metastatic prostate cancer in African American men: Gain of the MIR151 gene and loss of the NKX3‐1 gene
Authors: Barnabas Nandita , Xu Lihua , Savera Adnan , Hou Zizheng , Barrack Evelyn R. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBACKGROUNDRadical prostatectomy (RP) is not curative if patients have undetected metastatic prostate cancer. Markers that indicate the presence of metastatic disease would identify men who may benefit from systemic adjuvant therapy. Our approach was to analyze the primary tumors of men with metastatic disease versus organ‐confined disease to identify molecular changes that distinguish between these groups.METHODSPatients were identified based on long‐term follow‐up of serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels following RP. We compared the tumors of African American (AA) men with undetectable serum PSA for >9 year after RP (good outcome) versus those of AA men with a rising PSA and recurrence after radiation or androgen ablation or both (poor outcome). We used real‐time quantitative PCR to assay gene copy number alterations in tumor DNA relative to patient‐matched non‐tumor DNA isolated from paraffin‐embedded tissue. We assayed several genes located in the specific regions of chromosome 8p and 8q that frequently undergo loss and/or gain, respectively, in prostate cancer, and the androgen receptor gene at Xq12.RESULTSGain of the MIR151 gene at 8q24.3 (in 33% of poor outcome vs. 6% of good outcome tumors) and/or loss of the NKX3‐1 gene at 8p21.2 (in 39% of poor outcome vs. 11% of good outcome tumors) affected 67% of poor outcome tumors, compared to only 17% of good outcome tumors.CONCLUSIONSCopy number gain of the MIR151 gene and/or loss of the NKX3‐1 gene in the primary tumor may indicate the presence of metastatic disease. Prostate 71:857–871, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Self‐reported daily stress, squelching of anger and the management of daily stress and the prevalence of uterine leiomyomata: the ultrasound screening study
Authors: Vines Anissa I. , Nguyen Thu Thi Xuan , Ta Myduc , Esserman Denise , Baird Donna D. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractSelf‐reported daily stress, ways of managing stress and squelching anger were examined in association with uterine leiomyomata (aka fibroids). These stress factors were obtained from 560 Black and 375 White women enrolled in the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Uterine Fibroid Study. Race‐specific prevalence differences (PD) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated. Black women with severe stress had a prevalence of fibroids that was 11% higher (95% CI: 0%, 21%) than those in the no or mild stress group (referent). White women with severe stress, compared to the referent, had a non‐significantly (NS) higher prevalence of fibroids [PD = 7%; 95% CI: (−10%, 21%)]. For both groups, moderate daily stress was associated with a weak elevation (NS) in fibroid prevalence. Black women who reported squelching their anger had an elevated prevalence of fibroids (8%) compared to non‐squelchers [95% CI: (−0%, 15%)] while there was no association for White women. Women with symptomatic fibroids had higher stress than those without, but exclusion of symptomatic women only slightly attenuated the associations. Consistent with a previous report, symptomatic fibroids may cause stress. However, further research is warranted to prospectively investigate a possible aetiologic role for stress in the development of fibroids. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hauptaufsätze: Verzerrungstensor, Verzerrungsdeviator und Spannungstensor bei endlichen Formänderungen
Authors: Richter Hans 
Published: November 2010

AbstractEs werden Postulate aufgestellt, denen bei der Bildung des Verzerrungstensors, des Verzerrungsdeviate und des Spannungstensors zu genügen ist, und hieraus die allgemeine Gestalt dieser Tensoren in beliebige Koordinaten abgeleitet. Als einfachste Definition des Verzerrungstensors erscheint die gemischt‐variable logarithmische Deformationsmatrix, wo der Deviator in üblicher Weise gebildet werden kann, und wo die varianten des letzteren die Beanspruchung invariant charakterisieren. Bei entsprechender Definition des Spannungstensors bleibt die Gestalt des allgemeinen Elastizitätsgesetzes invariant gegen Koordinatentransformation.
Eine Anwendung des Übertragungsverfahrens auf die Berechnung der dynamischen Beanspruchung von Plattenketten durch Wanderlasten
Authors: Mundl R. , Prochazka W. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractDie vorliegende Arbeit beschreibt eine Anwendung des Übertragungsverfahrens auf die Berechnung der dynamischen Beanspruchung von in einer Richtung ausgedehnten Strukturen, die einer transienten Belastung unterliegen. Mit Hilfe des Newmark‐ Verfahrens wird das dynamische Problem, auf die schrittweise Lösung eines zugeordneten modifizierten statischen Problems zurückgeführt. Zur Lösung des statischen Problems wird das Übertragungsverfahren angewandt, wobei auftretende numerische Schwierigkeiten durch die Einführung von Ersatzsteifigkeitsmatrizen und reduzierten Lastvektoren bewältigt werden. Ein dynamischer Momentenbeiwert wird definiert, um die zusätzliche dynamische Beanspruchung der Struktur zu charakterisieren. Das vorgestellte Verfahren wird am Beispiel einer in den Fugen elastisch gekoppelten und viskoelastisch gebetteten Plattenkette, die durch Wanderlasten überfahren wird, erläutert. Entsprechen die Modellparameter jenen von ausgeführten Betonstraßen, die durch einen Lastwagenzug überrollt werden, so zeigt sich, daß selbst bei hoher Fahrgeschwindigkeit (30 m/s) der dynamische Momentenbeiwert 10 Prozent nicht übersteigt.