bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of mitochondrial transcription factor a overexpression on motor neurons in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis model mice
Authors: Morimoto Nobutoshi , Miyazaki Kazunori , Kurata Tomoko , Ikeda Yoshio , Matsuura Tohru , Kang Dongchon , Ide Tomomi , Abe Koji 
Published: February 2012

AbstractIncreasing evidence indicates that oxidative stress is an important mechanism underlying motor neuron (MN) degeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is highly susceptible to oxidative damage and has little potential for repair, although mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) plays essential roles in maintaining mitochondrial DNA by reducing oxidative stress, promoting mtDNA transcription, and regulating mtDNA copy number. To analyze a possible therapeutic effect of TFAM on ALS pathology, double transgenic mice overexpressing G93A mutant SOD1 (G93ASOD1) and human TFAM (hTFAM) were newly generated in the present study. Rotarod scores were better in G93ASOD1/hTFAM double‐Tg mice than G93ASOD1 single‐Tg mice at an early symptomatic stage, 15 and 16 weeks of age, with a 10% extension of the onset age in double‐Tg mice. The number of surviving MNs was 30% greater in double‐Tg mice with end‐stage disease, at 19 weeks, with remarkable reductions in the amount of the oxidative stress marker 8‐OHdG and the apoptotic marker cleaved caspase 3 and with preserved COX1 expression. Double‐immunofluorescence study showed that hTFAM was expressed specifically in MNs and microglia in the spinal cords of double‐Tg mice. The present study suggests that overexpression of TFAM has a potential to reduce oxidative stress in MN and delay onset of the disease in ALS model mice. © 2012 Wiley Priodicals, Inc.
Neuropeptide Y and peptide YY have distinct roles in adult mouse olfactory neurogenesis
Authors: Doyle Kharen L. , Hort Yvonne J. , Herzog Herbert , Shine John 
Published: February 2012

AbstractNeuropeptide Y (NPY) and peptide YY (PYY) are differentially expressed throughout the olfactory neuroepithelium (ON), with NPY expression present in sustentacular cells, olfactory ensheathing cells, and olfactory receptor neurons and PYY expressed only in sustentacular cells. Examination of the anatomical morphology of the ON in NPY knockout (NPY−/−) and PYY knockout (PYY−/−) mice shows that there are significantly more neurons in PYY−/− mice and significantly fewer neurons in NPY−/− mice. Interestingly, the mature neurons of NPY−/− mice were undergoing apoptosis. The transcription factor Mash1, which is critical in the production of olfactory precursors, is also differentially expressed in NPY−/− and PYY−/− ON. It is upregulated in the neurons of NPY−/− mice and unchanged in PYY−/− mice. Furthermore, significantly fewer olfactory neurospheres are present in cultures prepared from PYY−/− mice in the first 2 weeks compared with NPY−/− and wild‐type mice. Together these results suggest that, during olfactory neurogenesis, NPY acts as a trophic factor for the maturation and survival of olfactory receptor neurons, whereas PYY has an important role in the regulation of olfactory neuron differentiation. © 2012 Wiley Priodicals, Inc.
A novel multi‐kinase inhibitor pazopanib suppresses growth of synovial sarcoma cells through inhibition of the PI3K‐AKT pathway
Authors: Hosaka Seiichi , Horiuchi Keisuke , Yoda Masaki , Nakayama Robert , Tohmonda Takahide , Susa Michiro , Nakamura Masaya , Chiba Kazuhiro , Toyama Yoshiaki , Morioka Hideo 
Published: February 2012

AbstractSynovial sarcoma is an aggressive soft tissue sarcoma with only a modest response to conventional cytotoxic agents. In the present study, we evaluated the potential antitumor effects of a novel anti‐angiogenesis agent, pazopanib, against synovial sarcoma cells. We found that pazopanib directly inhibited the growth of synovial sarcoma cells by inducing G1 arrest. Multiplex analyses revealed that the PI3K‐AKT pathway was highly suppressed in pazopanib‐sensitive synovial sarcoma cells. Furthermore, administration of pazopanib highly suppressed the tumor growth in a xenograft model. Taken together, these results suggest pazopanib as a possible agent against synovial sarcoma and may warrant further clinical studies. © 2012 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 30:1493–1498, 2012
New Data on South American Camelid Bone Size Changes during Middle‐Late Holocene Transition: Osteometry at Peñas Chicas 1.5 (Antofagasta de la Sierra, Argentinian Puna)
Authors: Aschero C. A. , Izeta A. D. , Hocsman S. 
Published: February 2012

ABSTRACTApproaching the study of camelid bone size change in the meridional portion of the South Central Andes is a significant subject especially when the assemblages are associated to radiocarbon dates placed at a time of social transition from an extractive to a producer economy. In this sense, this paper presents the results of applying osteometric techniques on a set of 10 elements from the Peñas Chicas 1.5 site dated around 3800 BP. The analysis shows the presence of at least three individuals, one of which corresponds to an Andean guanaco (Lama guanicoe) morphotype. The second and the third are similar in size to a modern llama (Lama glama) in their ‘intermediate’ and ‘cargo’ morphotypes. This is consistent with patterns already seen for sites from the Argentinian and Chilean Puna where the identification of larger individuals than the Andean guanaco modern standard shows the early stages of an increasingly bone size variability of South American camelids. This paper contributes with new data to understand the complex processes that occurred in the South Central Andes that led to the domestication of one of the most conspicuous animals in the archaeological record of the Argentinian Northwest. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The state of psychosocial services in cancer care in the United States
Authors: Deshields Teresa , Zebrack Brad , Kennedy Vicki 
Published: February 2012

AbstractObjectiveIn 2009, the APOS commissioned a survey of its members and attendees of the annual meetings in 2008 and 2009. The goal of the survey was to assess the scope of psychosocial support services for cancer patients in the USA.MethodsTwo hundred thirty‐three individuals (27% response rate) completed the survey, which included questions assessing the extent to which respondents' institutions provided informational and psychosocial support services and conducted screening for psychosocial distress.ResultsRespondents were primarily psychologists, although oncologists, nurses, social workers, and others were represented, as well. A broad array of informational and support services were endorsed as being provided to cancer patients, both at no charge or for a fee. Respondents identified social workers as the professionals most often providing psychosocial services to cancer patients. Respondents also indicated that most psychosocial services have not been tailored to fit a culturally diverse population. Furthermore, most of the organizations represented in the survey do not routinely screen cancer patients for psychosocial distress.ConclusionsA broad range of psychosocial services are provided in cancer treatment settings; however, despite National Comprehensive Cancer Network and Institute of Medicine recommendations, routine screening for distress is not offered in a majority of cancer care organizations. Despite the racial, ethnic, cultural, and linguistic diversity of the US population, most organizations have not adapted their educational materials nor their psychosocial services to meet the needs of a diverse patient population. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Risk factors for onset of persistent respiratory symptoms in children with cystic fibrosis
Authors: McColley Susanna A. , Ren Clement L. , Schechter Michael S. , Regelmann Warren E. , Pasta David J. , Konstan Michael W. ,   for the Investigators Coordinators of the Epidemiologic Study of Cystic Fibrosis
Published: February 2012

AbstractObjectivesTo characterize the onset of persistent signs and symptoms of cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease and identify characteristics that predict onset.Study designPatients in the Epidemiologic Study of CF who were <4 years of age at enrollment and had ≥2 years of follow‐up were included. We defined persistence as a sign or symptom that was present during two consecutive encounters separated by 60–365 days, and persistent clubbing as ≥50% of encounters with clubbing within 365 days. Predictors were assessed in a Cox proportional hazards model for age at first occurrence of each symptom.ResultsEach sign or symptom met the criterion of persistence in a substantial proportion of patients during a follow‐up period of 7 ± 3 years (mean ± SD; range 2–12). Risk factors that predicted earlier onset of signs and symptoms included pancreatic enzyme use, Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection, and prior diagnosis of asthma. Other risk factors had variable effects on signs and symptoms.ConclusionsSigns and symptoms of lung disease begin early in CF. Risk factors previously reported for lower forced expiratory volume in 1 sec are also associated with earlier onset of persistent signs and symptoms of CF lung disease, but their impact varies. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2012. 47:966–972. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An intersubunit disulfide bridge stabilizes the tetrameric nucleoside diphosphate kinase of Aquifex aeolicus
Authors: Boissier Fanny , Georgescauld Florian , Moynié Lucile , Dupuy Jean‐William , Sarger Claude , Podar Mircea , Lascu Ioan , Giraud Marie‐France , Dautant Alain 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe nucleoside diphosphate kinase (Ndk) catalyzes the reversible transfer of the γ‐phosphate from nucleoside triphosphate to nucleoside diphosphate. Ndks form hexamers or two types of tetramers made of the same building block, namely, the common dimer. The secondary interfaces of the Type I tetramer found in Myxococcus xanthus Ndk and of the Type II found in Escherichia coli Ndk involve the opposite sides of subunits. Up to now, the few available structures of Ndk from thermophiles were hexameric. Here, we determined the X‐ray structures of four crystal forms of the Ndk from the hyperthermophilic bacterium Aquifex aeolicus (Aa‐Ndk). Aa‐Ndk displays numerous features of thermostable proteins and is made of the common dimer but it is a tetramer of Type I. Indeed, the insertion of three residues in a surface‐exposed spiral loop, named the Kpn‐loop, leads to the formation of a two‐turn α‐helix that prevents both hexamer and Type II tetramer assembly. Moreover, the side chain of the cysteine at position 133, which is not present in other Ndk sequences, adopts two alternate conformations. Through the secondary interface, each one forms a disulfide bridge with the equivalent Cys133 from the neighboring subunit. This disulfide bridge was progressively broken during X‐ray data collection by radiation damage. Such crosslinks counterbalance the weakness of the common‐dimer interface. A 40% decrease of the kinase activity at 60°C after reduction and alkylation of the protein corroborates the structural relevance of the disulfide bridge on the tetramer assembly and enzymatic function. Proteins 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
In vitro inhibition of mycelial growth of Phytophthora nicotianae Breda de Haan from different hosts by Brassicaceae species. Effect of the developmental stage of the biofumigant plants
Authors: Morales‐Rodríguez Carmen , Picón‐Toro Julia , Palo Carolina , Palo Eloy J , García Ángela , Rodríguez‐Molina Carmen 
Published: February 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: The hydrolysis products of glucosinolates in Brassicaceae tissues are potentially useful for the control of fungal pathogens. The in vitro activity of these products against Phytophthora nicotianae Breda de Haan was studied, with the isolates exposed to the volatile products released from the brassica tissues.RESULTS: The four species of Brassicaceae tested inhibited the mycelial growth of P. nicotianae isolates. The most effective developmental stage was different, depending on the species: buds yellowing in Sinapis alba L. and Brassica carinata A. Braun; seeds enlarging and all buds open in Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J. Koch; cauliflower still covered by leaves in Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis. At this stage, B. nigra and S. alba were the most effective (53.6 and 52.5% inhibition respectively). With all the biofumigants species tested, isolates from pepper plants were more susceptible to the brassica effect than those from tomato isolates.CONCLUSION: The developmental stage of plants has an influence on the biofumigant potential of Brassicaceae species against P. nicotianae. The isolates differ in susceptibility to compounds released, depending on their host of origin, suggesting the differentiation of populations of P. nicotianae in relation to the host of origin. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Population Health across Space and Time: the Geographical Harmonisation of the Office for National Statistics Longitudinal Study for England and Wales
Authors: Norman Paul , Riva Mylène 
Published: February 2012

ABSTRACTThere is a need in health research to identify whether inequalities are increasing or improving between different geographical areas. Both cross‐sectional time‐series and longitudinal/cohort studies contribute to our knowledge, with the Office for National Statistics Longitudinal Study (LS) for England and Wales being a major resource. However, any research into geographical change over time can be hampered by boundary change or when the geographical definition for which data are available is not the geography relevant to an analysis.We develop a method using population‐weighted centroids of estimating an LS member's location at a previous time point and then link this to a small‐area geography, the 2001 Census Output Areas. This is not so that analyses can be carried out at this scale but so that records can be linked to larger geographies or area classifications. A time‐series or longitudinal analysis can then be carried out and geographical trends observed. In terms of reliability, we find that accuracy improves with increasing size of geographical units and when area typologies are used.In example analyses using a geodemographic classification attached to LS members' records, we find that in a time series of cross‐sections, mortality improves across all area types but not to the same extent. A longitudinal analysis indicates that changes in the area types in which people were living lead to steeper health gradients than if people had stayed living in the same type of area. Differences, though, are small, suggesting that, in the main, there is little mobility between area types.We recommend that longitudinal and cohort studies retain the postcode of each member's address so that ongoing linkages can be made when administrative boundary changes occur and for relevance to application relevant geographies. Our method can be used to enhance previous records and thereby maximise previous investment in the collection of data. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nonlinear vertex discriminant analysis with reproducing kernels
Authors: Wu Tong Tong , Wu Yichao 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe novel supervised learning method of vertex discriminant analysis (VDA) has been demonstrated for its good performance in multicategory classification. The current paper explores an elaboration of VDA for nonlinear discrimination. By incorporating reproducing kernels, VDA can be generalized from linear discrimination to nonlinear discrimination. Our numerical experiments show that the new reproducing kernel‐based method leads to accurate classification for both linear and nonlinear cases. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Statistical Analysis and Data Mining, 2012
The role of noncoding RNAs in chromatin regulation during differentiation
Authors: Nahkuri Satu , Paro Renato 
Published: February 2012

AbstractA myriad of nuclear noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been discovered since the paradigm of RNAs as plain conveyors of protein translation was discarded. There is increasing evidence that at vital intersections of developmental pathways, ncRNAs target the chromatin modulating machinery to its site of action. However, the mechanistic details of processes involved are still largely unclear, and well‐characterized metazoan ncRNA species implicated in chromatin regulation during differentiation remain few. Nevertheless, four major categories are slowly emerging: cis‐acting antisense ncRNAs that flag the neighboring genes for the propagation of chromatin marks; allele‐specific ncRNAs that perform similar tasks, but target larger loci that typically vary in size from hundreds of thousands of base pairs to a whole chromosome; structural ncRNAs proposed to act as scaffolds that couple chromatin shaping complexes of distinct functionalities; and cofactor ncRNAs with a capacity to inhibit or activate essential components of the intertwined chromatin and transcription apparatuses. WIREs Dev Biol 2012. doi: 10.1002/wdev.41For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
Bird and bat mortality at short, monopole cell towers in Rock Creek Park, Washington, D.C., USA
Authors: Dickey Stephanie D. , Gates J. Edward , Dickey Bradley , Ferebee Ken 
Published: February 2012

AbstractBird and bat mortality resulting from collisions with manmade towers is well‐documented, and our understanding of this phenomenon is increasing, particularly for taller structures (≥61 m) with guy wires and the obstruction lighting required by the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration. However, shorter, monopole tower designs remain underinvestigated. We report the results of a 3‐year study (2006–2008) on the effects of 2 existing telecommunication (“cell phone”) towers on migratory bird and bat mortality in Rock Creek Park (ROCR), Washington, D.C., USA. The towers in ROCR are the shorter (30.9 m and 39.6 m in ht), monopole design and lack obstruction lighting and guy wires. We conducted mortality surveys on a daily basis during spring and autumn migrations, and conducted weekly surveys during the summer. Bird carcasses were collected, but we were unable to attribute any avian or bat mortality to the towers at these sites. © 2012 The Wildlife Society.
Magnesium(II), Calcium(II), and Barium(II) Coordination Compounds Constructed by 1H‐Tetrazolate‐5‐acetic Acid Ligand
Authors: Li Qiao‐Yun , Yang Gao‐Wen , Shen Lei , He Ming‐Hua , Shen Wei , Gu Kun , Jin Jian‐Ning 
Published: February 2012

AbstractReactions of H2tza (H2tza = 1H‐tetrazolate‐5‐acetic acid) with Mg(NO3)2·6H2O, Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, or Ba(NO3)2 with the presence of KOH under hydrothermal conditions, produced three new coordination compounds, [M(tza)(H2O)2] (M = Mg (1), Ca (2), Ba (3)). These compounds were structurally characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Compounds 1 and 3 display 2D structures, whereas 2 reveals a 1D structure with bridging tza ligand molecules as linkers. Furthermore, the luminescence properties of 1–3 at room temperature in the solid state were also investigated. The results show that the nature of metal ions play an important role in governing the molecular frameworks of 1–3, and the strong coordinate abilities of carboxylate and tetrazolate group, endow tza with abundant coordination modes.
Cultural aspects in the management of inborn errors of metabolism
Authors: Stockler Sylvia , Moeslinger Dorothea , Herle Marion , Wimmer Banu , Ipsiroglu Osman S. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractEuropean Health Care Systems have not yet accommodated both previous and current migration waves. Children from immigrant families, especially children with chronic conditions, are particularly affected from the shortcomings in medical care. One condition, phenylketonuria (PKU), is an inborn error of metabolism (IEM) which results in intellectual disability unless treated with a lifelong phenylalanine (Phe) restricted diet. In our PKU clinic, patients from families who previously had emmigrated from the geographic area of Turkey to Austria, exhibited worse blood Phe control and cognitive development than comparable patients from native Austrian families. Using structured and semi‐structured interviews, questionnaires, and illness narratives, we identified language, psychosocial, economic, educational and cultural barriers as factors influencing adherence to treatment. Our findings led us to conclude that access to interpreter services, exploration of the socio‐cultural background and of family ecology, as well as bi‐directional communication and medical decision making according to the “best interest of the child” principle, may improve outcomes in patients requiring complex treatment and care.
Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment I
Authors: Yücel Serap D. , Şahin Füsun , Doğu Beril , Şahin Tülay , Kuran Banu , Gürsakal Sevda 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
The Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA)-I is widely used assessment tool for evaluation of balance and gait properties. The aim of this study was to translate POMA-I to Turkish and to assess its reliability and validity. People with amputated lower extremities using prosthetics, those who underwent orthopedic surgery within the last 6 months, those dependent on wheel chairs and also bed-ridden patients, subjects with dementia and Alzheimer’s disease, and illiterate people were excluded. After translation into Turkish, the Turkish version of the scale was applied on the participants at 2-week intervals. Volunteers ≥65 years of age were enrolled in the study. Internal consistencies of POMA subscale scores of postural balance and gait, and total score were calculated using Cronbach’s α coefficient. The Turkish version was evaluated with respect to inter- and intrarater reliability and test–retest reliability intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). For validation, Pearson’s correlation coefficient between POMA and Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT) was estimated. Eighty participants enrolled in the study with a mean age of 76.5 ± 6.75 years. In the reliability evaluation of the scale, considering postural balance, gait, and total score, Cronbach’s α coefficients were found to be 0.72, 0.83, and 0.88, respectively. ICCs were detected above 0.70 for test–retest reliability and also for interrater and intrarater reliability. In validation study POMA total score had a strong positive correlation with BBS total score (r = 0.86, p < 0.0001), and also a negative correlation with TUGT (r = −0.75, p < 0.0001). According to the results of this study, the Turkish version of the POMA-I scale has been found to be a reliable and a valid scale for elderly Turkish people.