bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
UNVEILING URBAN DISPOSSESSIONS THROUGH A FEMINIST LENS: Social Reproduction, Gentrification and Authoritarian Neoliberal Urbanism
Authors: Sakızlıoğlu Bahar 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis essay presents a feminist intervention by incorporating feminist theory and ethnography into the examination of gentrification and displacement within authoritarian neoliberal urbanism. It explores the link between gentrification and the systemic crisis of social reproduction and discusses the contribution of feminist ethnography to our understanding of gendered dispossessions during state‐led gentrification and displacement. The essay concludes that integrating a social reproduction lens and employing feminist ethnography not only enhances our understanding of gendered dispossessions but also reveals the potential for empowerment in marginalized communities. Making visible the material and affective injustices and daily struggles to pursue social reproduction amidst the dismantling of marginalized lives by state‐led gentrification contributes to feminist praxis. Illustrative examples from a longitudinal case study on the nexus of gender and gentrification in Tarlabaşı, Istanbul, are used to support these arguments.
PLANETARY GENTRIFICATION AND URBAN AUTHORITARIANISM
Authors: Lees Loretta 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn gentrification studies to date, authoritarianism has mainly served as a contextual backdrop to discussions of state‐led gentrification. In this concluding essay I reflect on the explorations of ‘ordinary’ geographical cases of ‘everyday authoritarianism’ presented in this intervention on planetary gentrification and urban authoritarianism. The cases of Istanbul, Casablanca and Lijiang show how the complex merging of authoritarian and neoliberal is now one of the cruxes of gentrification globally.
Transcriptome study reveals tick immune genes restrict Babesia microti infection
Authors: Feng Tingting , Tong Hao , Zhang Feihu , Zhang Qianqian , Zhang Heng , Zhou Xia , Ruan Hang , Wu Qihan , Dai Jianfeng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA systems biology approach was employed to gain insight into tick biology and interactions between vectors and pathogens. Haemaphysalis longicornis serves as one of the primary vectors of Babesia microti, significantly impacting human and animal health. Obtaining more information about their relationship is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of tick and pathogen biology, pathogen transmission dynamics, and potential control strategies. RNA sequencing of uninfected and B. microti‐infected ticks resulted in the identification of 15 056 unigenes. Among these, 1 051 were found to be differentially expressed, with 796 being upregulated and 255 downregulated (P < 0.05). Integrated transcriptomics datasets revealed the pivotal role of immune‐related pathways, including the Toll, Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK‐STAT), immunodeficiency, and RNA interference (RNAi) pathways, in response to infection. Consequently, 3 genes encoding critical transcriptional factor Dorsal, Relish, and STAT were selected for RNAi experiments. The knockdown of Dorsal, Relish, and STAT resulted in a substantial increase in Babesia infection levels compared to the respective controls. These findings significantly advanced our understanding of tick–Babesia molecular interactions and proposed novel tick antigens as potential vaccine targets against tick infestations and pathogen transmission.
Differential requirement for RecFOR pathway components in Thermus thermophilus
Authors: Gómez‐Campo Cristina L. , Abdelmoteleb Ali , Pulido Verónica , Gost Marc , Sánchez‐Hevia Dione L. , Berenguer José , Mencía Mario 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRecombinational repair is an important mechanism that allows DNA replication to overcome damaged templates, so the DNA is duplicated timely and correctly. The RecFOR pathway is one of the common ways to load RecA, while the RuvABC complex operates in the resolution of DNA intermediates. We have generated deletions of recO, recR and ruvB genes in Thermus thermophilus, while a recF null mutant could not be obtained. The recO deletion was in all cases accompanied by spontaneous loss of function mutations in addA or addB genes, which encode a helicase‐exonuclease also key for recombination. The mutants were moderately affected in viability and chromosome segregation. When we generated these mutations in a Δppol/addAB strain, we observed that the transformation efficiency was maintained at the typical level of Δppol/addAB, which is 100‐fold higher than that of the wild type. Most mutants showed increased filamentation phenotypes, especially ruvB, which also had DNA repair defects. These results suggest that in T. thermophilus (i) the components of the RecFOR pathway have differential roles, (ii) there is an epistatic relationship of the AddAB complex over the RecFOR pathway and (iii) that neither of the two pathways or their combination is strictly required for viability although they are necessary for normal DNA repair and chromosome segregation.
Development of a team‐specific research strategy using a modified Delphi method in a regional public hospital dietetics department
Authors: McMahon Rachel , Pain Tilley , Dick Felicity , Tench Susan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveEvaluate research capacity and culture among regional hospital dietitians, develop a team specific research strategy, and build research skills of novice researchers.MethodsThe Research Capacity in Context Tool was used to assess current research capacity and culture at organisational, team and individual levels. Results were analysed using descriptive statistics and content analysis of free text responses. A modified Delphi method gained consensus regarding research capacity building.DesignMixed method study.SettingDietetics department of a regional tertiary hospital (Modified Monash Category 2).ParticipantsAll clinical dietitians currently employed within the hospital (n = 20) regardless of employment duration.Main Outcome MeasuresSelf‐rated response to research capacity and culture to produce a dietetics‐specific research strategy.ResultsFifteen dietitians (75%) completed the Research Capacity in Context Tool. The overall mean score was highest at an organisational level at 7.9 (IQR 2), and lowest at team and individual levels at 4.3 (IQR 2.7) and 4.9 (IQR 3.3) respectively. Common barriers to research included time, lack of skills, knowledge and support. Using the modified Delphi method 39 statements relating to research capacity building met consensus and informed the creation of a research strategy.ConclusionThe results of the Research Capacity in Context Tool from this regional study reflect those reported in the literature at metropolitan sites. A dietetic‐specific research strategy was developed to assist with increasing research capacity at a team and individual level in a regional setting. Evaluation of long‐term outcomes post implementation will be the subject of further research.
Oxidative stress reduction by icodextrin‐based glucose‐free solutions in peritoneal dialysis: Support for new promising approaches
Authors: Basso Anna , Baldini Paola , Bertoldi Giovanni , Driussi Giulia , Caputo Ilaria , Bettin Elisabetta , Cacciapuoti Martina , Calò Lorenzo A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundOxidative stress (OxSt) and inflammation are common in CKD and are known CV and mortality risk factors. In peritoneal dialysis (PD) OxSt and Inflammation even increase due to the use of glucose‐based solutions.Patients and MethodsThis study analyzed in 15 PD patients the effect of 3 and 6 months of treatment with icodextrin‐based glucose‐free solutions on OxSt and inflammation, evaluating p22phox protein expression (Western blot), NADPH oxidase subunit, essential for OxSt activation, MYPT‐1 phosphorylation state, marker of RhoA/Rho kinase pathway (ROCK) activity, involved in the induction of OxSt (Western blot) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) production (fluorimetric assay). Interleukin (IL)‐6 blood level (chemiluminescence assay) has been measured and used as a marker of inflammation.Resultsp22phox protein expression, MYPT 1 phosphorylation, and MDA were reduced after 3 months from the start of icodextrin (1.28 ± 0.18 d.u. vs. 1.50 ± 0.19, p = 0.049; 0.89 ± 0.03 vs. 0.98 ± 0.03, p = 0.004; 4.20 ± 0.18 nmol/mL vs. 4.84 ± 0.32 nmol/mL, p = 0.045, respectively). In a subgroup of 9 patients who continued the treatment up to 6 months, MYPT‐1 phosphorylation was further reduced at 6 months compared to baseline (0.84 ± 0.06 vs. 0.99 ± 0.04, p = 0.043), while p22phox protein expression was reduced only at 6 months versus baseline (1.03 ± 0.05 vs. 1.68 ± 0.22, p = 0.021). In this subgroup, MDA was reduced at 6 months versus baseline (4.03 ± 0.24 nmol/mL vs. 4.68 ± 0,32, p = 0.024) and also versus 3 months (4.03 ± 0.24 vs. 4.35 ± 0.21, p = 0.008). IL‐6 level although reduced both at 3 and 6 months, did not reach statistical significance.ConclusionsThe reduction of OxSt with icodextrin‐based PD solutions, although obtained in a small patients cohort and in a limited time duration study, strongly supports the rationale of using osmo‐metabolic agents‐based fluids replacing glucose‐based fluids. Ongoing studies with these agents will provide information regarding preservation of peritoneal membrane integrity, residual renal function, and reduction of CVD risk factors such as OxSt and inflammation.
Reconsidering red blood cells as the diagnostic potential for neurodegenerative disorders
Authors: Yadav Somu , Deepika  , Moar Kareena , Kumar Akshay , Khola Nikhila , Pant Anuja , Kakde Ganseh S. , Maurya Pawan Kumar 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundRed blood cells (RBCs) are usually considered simple cells and transporters of gases to tissues.HypothesisHowever, recent research has suggested that RBCs may have diagnostic potential in major neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs).ResultsThis review summarizes the current knowledge on changes in RBC in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and other NDDs. It discusses the deposition of neuronal proteins like amyloid‐β, tau, and α‐synuclein, polyamines, changes in the proteins of RBCs like band‐3, membrane transporter proteins, heat shock proteins, oxidative stress biomarkers, and altered metabolic pathways in RBCs during neurodegeneration. It also highlights the comparison of RBC diagnostic markers to other in‐market diagnoses and discusses the challenges in utilizing RBCs as diagnostic tools, such as the need for standardized protocols and further validation studies.Significance statementThe evidence suggests that RBCs have diagnostic potential in neurodegenerative disorders, and this study can pave the foundation for further research which may lead to the development of novel diagnostic approaches and treatments.
Point of care HIV testing in dental settings in high‐income countries: A mixed‐methods systematic review
Authors: Doughty J. , Tran C. , Santella A. J. , Fitzgerald R. , Burns F. , Porter Stephen , Watt Richard G. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectivesExpanding HIV testing beyond specialized services has been a key strategic approach to eliminating the transmission of HIV. In recent years, dental settings have been identified as offering an opportunity for delivering point of care HIV testing (POCT) interventions. Intervention components and implementation strategies have varied across studies and there is uncertainty about the prevalence of undiagnosed HIV in the dental patient population. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to synthesize the HIV testing outcomes of intervention studies, identify the core components of POCT interventions implemented in dental settings; and understand the barriers and facilitators to intervention implementation.MethodsA mixed‐methods systematic review was undertaken. Two authors reviewed abstracts and full papers for inclusion and appraised the studies using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. A convergent integrated mixed methods study design underpinned the synthesis. Outcomes were presented using descriptive statistics. Intervention components were mapped to the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist. Barriers and facilitators were described using a narrative thematic analysis.ResultsPOCT was offered to 22 146 dental patients, 62.5% accepted POCT. Intervention studies that reported higher uptake of testing utilized a dedicated dental or researcher staff member to provide testing, integrated testing and provided results within the routine dental appointment and adopted a provider‐initiated universal approach to offering testing. Six themes emerged that were pertinent to the barriers and facilitators to HIV testing in dental setting.ConclusionsPOCT uptake in dental settings was comparable with other non‐specialized health settings. Key to the operationalization of the intervention were perceptions about its value and relevance to the dental patient population, attitudes toward the intervention, logistical barriers to its implementation, the risk of HIV testing stigma to the patient‐practitioner relationship and maximising the fit of the intervention within the constraints of the dental setting.
Left corticospinal tract could be a biomarker to identify the dual prodromal LRRK2/GBA mutated Parkinson's disease
Authors: Lin Fabin , Ruan Xinlin , Zou Xinyang , Weng Huidan , Zeng Yuqi , Zheng Jiayi , Ye Qinyong , Meng Fangang , Chen Xiaochun , Cai Guoen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionProdromal Parkinson's disease (PD) carriers of dual leucine‐rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) and glucosylceramidase β (GBA) variants are rare, and their biomarkers are less well developed.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the biomarkers for diagnosing the prodromal phase of LRRK2‐GBA‐PD (LRRK2‐GBA‐prodromal).MethodsWe assessed the clinical and whole‐brain white matter microstructural characteristics of 54 prodromal PD carriers of dual LRRK2 (100% M239T) and GBA (95% N409S) variants, along with 76 healthy controls (HCs) from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) cohort.ResultsBy analyzing the four values of 100 nodes on 20 fiber bundles, totaling 8000 data points, we identified the smallest p value in the fractional anisotropy (FA) value of the 38th segment of left corticospinal tract (L‐CST) with differences between LRRK2‐GBA‐prodromal and HCs (p = 8.94 × 10−9). The FA value of the 38th node of the L‐CST was significantly lower in LRRK2‐GBA‐prodromal (FA value, 0.65) compared with HCs (FA value, 0.71). The receiver‐operating characteristic curve showed a cut‐off value of 0.218 for the FA value of L‐CST, providing sufficient sensitivity (79.2%) and specificity (72.2%) to distinguish double mutation prodromal PD from the healthy population.ConclusionL‐CST, especially the 38th node, may potentially serve as a biomarker for distinguishing individuals with double mutation prodromal PD from the healthy population.
Identifying the environmental drivers of corridors and predicting connectivity between seasonal ranges in multiple populations of Alpine ibex (Capra ibex) as tools for conserving migration
Authors: Chauveau Victor , Garel Mathieu , Toïgo Carole , Anderwald Pia , Beurier Mathieu , Bouche Michel , Bunz Yoann , Cagnacci Francesca , Canut Marie , Cavailhes Jérôme , Champly Ilka , Filli Flurin , Frey‐Roos Alfred , Gressmann Gunther , Herfindal Ivar , Jurgeit Florian , Martinelli Laura , Papet Rodolphe , Petit Elodie , Ramanzin Maurizio , Semenzato Paola , Vannard Eric , Loison Anne , Coulon Aurélie , Marchand Pascal 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimSeasonal migrations, such as those of ungulates, are particularly threatened by habitat transformations and fragmentation, climate and other environmental changes caused by anthropogenic activities. Mountain ungulate migrations are neglected because they are relatively short, although traversing heterogeneous altitudinal gradients particularly exposed to anthropogenic threats. Detecting migration routes of these species and understanding their drivers are therefore of primary importance to predict connectivity and preserve ecosystem functions and services. The populations of Alpine ibex Capra ibex have all been reintroduced from the last remnant source population. Despite a general increase in abundance and overall distribution range, ibex populations are mostly disconnected but display intra‐population migrations. Therefore, its conservation is strictly linked to the interplay between external threats and related behavioural responses, including space use and migration.LocationAustria, France, Italy and Switzerland.MethodsBy using 337 migratory tracks from 425 GPS‐collared individuals from 15 Alpine ibex populations distributed across their entire range, we (i) identified the environmental drivers of movement corridors in both spring and autumn and (ii) compared the ability of a connectivity modelling algorithm to predict migratory movements between seasonal ranges of the 15 populations, using either population‐specific or multipopulation datasets, and three validation procedures.ResultsSteep, south‐facing, snow‐free slopes were selected while high elevation changes were avoided. This revealed the importance of favourable resources and an attempt to limit energy expenditures and perceived predation risk. The abilities of the modelling methods we compared to predict migratory connectivity from the results of those movement analyses were similar.Main ConclusionsThe trade‐off between energy expenditure, food and cover was the major driver of migration routes and was overall consistent among populations. Based on these findings, we provided useful connectivity models to inform conservation of Alpine ibex and its habitats, and a framework for future research investigating connectivity in migratory species.
Autonomic biosignals, seizure detection, and forecasting
Authors: Miron Gadi , Halimeh Mustafa , Jeppesen Jesper , Loddenkemper Tobias , Meisel Christian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWearable devices have attracted significant attention in epilepsy research in recent years for their potential to enhance patient care through improved seizure monitoring and forecasting. This narrative review presents a detailed overview of the current clinical state of the art while addressing how devices that assess autonomic nervous system (ANS) function reflect seizures and central nervous system (CNS) state changes. This includes a description of the interactions between the CNS and the ANS, including physiological and epilepsy‐related changes affecting their dynamics. We first discuss technical aspects of measuring autonomic biosignals and considerations for using ANS sensors in clinical practice. We then review recent seizure detection and seizure forecasting studies, highlighting their performance and capability for seizure detection and forecasting using devices measuring ANS biomarkers. Finally, we address the field's challenges and provide an outlook for future developments.
Mycorrhizal associations relate to stable convergence in plant–microbial competition for nitrogen absorption under high nitrogen conditions
Authors: Du Zhenggang , Zhou Lingyan , Thakur Madhav P. , Zhou Guiyao , Fu Yuling , Li Nan , Liu Ruiqiang , He Yanghui , Chen Hongyang , Li Jie , Zhou Huimin , Li Ming , Lu Meng , Zhou Xuhui 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNitrogen (N) immobilization (Nim, including microbial N assimilation) and plant N uptake (PNU) are the two most important pathways of N retention in soils. The ratio of Nim to PNU (hereafter Nim:PNU ratio) generally reflects the degree of N limitation for plant growth in terrestrial ecosystems. However, the key factors driving the pattern of Nim:PNU ratio across global ecosystems remain unclear. Here, using a global data set of 1018 observations from 184 studies, we examined the relative importance of mycorrhizal associations, climate, plant, and soil properties on the Nim:PNU ratio across terrestrial ecosystems. Our results show that mycorrhizal fungi type (arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) or ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi) in combination with soil inorganic N mainly explain the global variation in the Nim:PNU ratio in terrestrial ecosystems. In AM fungi‐associated ecosystems, the relationship between Nim and PNU displays a weaker negative correlation (r = −.06, p < .001), whereas there is a stronger positive correlation (r = .25, p < .001) in EM fungi‐associated ecosystems. Our meta‐analysis thus suggests that the AM‐associated plants display a weak interaction with soil microorganisms for N absorption, while EM‐associated plants cooperate with soil microorganisms. Furthermore, we find that the Nim:PNU ratio for both AM‐ and EM‐associated ecosystems gradually converge around a stable value (13.8 ± 0.5 for AM‐ and 12.1 ± 1.2 for EM‐associated ecosystems) under high soil inorganic N conditions. Our findings highlight the dependence of plant–microbial interaction for N absorption on both plant mycorrhizal association and soil inorganic N, with the stable convergence of the Nim:PNU ratio under high soil N conditions.
Future carbon sequestration potential in a widespread transcontinental boreal tree species: Standing genetic variation matters!
Authors: Robert Etienne , Lenz Patrick , Bergeron Yves , de Lafontaine Guillaume , Bouriaud Olivier , Isabel Nathalie , Girardin Martin P. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractClimate change (CC) necessitates reforestation/afforestation programs to mitigate its impacts and maximize carbon sequestration. But comprehending how tree growth, a proxy for fitness and resilience, responds to CC is critical to maximize these programs' effectiveness. Variability in tree response to CC across populations can notably be influenced by the standing genetic variation encompassing both neutral and adaptive genetic diversity. Here, a framework is proposed to assess tree growth potential at the population scale while accounting for standing genetic variation. We applied this framework to black spruce (BS, Picea mariana [Mill] B.S.P.), with the objectives to (1) determine the key climate variables having impacted BS growth response from 1974 to 2019, (2) examine the relative roles of local adaptation and the phylogeographic structure in this response, and (3) project BS growth under two Shared Socioeconomic Pathways while taking standing genetic variation into account. We modeled growth using a machine learning algorithm trained with dendroecological and genetic data obtained from over 2600 trees (62 populations divided in three genetic clusters) in four 48‐year‐old common gardens, and simulated growth until year 2100 at the common garden locations. Our study revealed that high summer and autumn temperatures negatively impacted BS growth. As a consequence of warming, this species is projected to experience a decline in growth by the end of the century, suggesting maladaptation to anticipated CC and a potential threat to its carbon sequestration capacity. This being said, we observed a clear difference in response to CC within and among genetic clusters, with the western cluster being more impacted than the central and eastern clusters. Our results show that intraspecific genetic variation, notably associated with the phylogeographic structure, must be considered when estimating the response of widespread species to CC.