bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic testing for chest pain in a pediatric emergency department and rates of cardiac disease before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective study
Authors: Atmanli Ayhan , Yen Kenneth , Zhou Amy Z. 
Published: April 2024

ObjectivesChest pain is a common chief complaint in pediatric emergency departments (EDs). Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has been shown to increase the risk of cardiac disease. It remains unclear how COVID-19 changed how pediatric emergency clinicians approach patients presenting with chest pain. The goal of this study was to characterize the diagnostic testing for chest pain in a pediatric ED before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsThis was a retrospective study of children between the ages of 2–17 years presenting to a pediatric ED from 1/1/2018–2/29/2020 (Pre-COVID-19) and 3/1/2020–4/30/2022 (COVID-19) with chest pain. We excluded patients with a previous history of cardiac disease.ResultsOf the 10,721 encounters during the study period, 5,692 occurred before and 5,029 during COVID-19. Patient demographics showed minor differences by age, weight, race and ethnicity. ED encounters for chest pain consisted of an average of 18% more imaging studies during COVID-19, including 14% more EKGs and 11% more chest x-rays, with no difference in the number of echocardiograms. Compared to Pre-COVID-19, 100% more diagnostic tests were ordered during COVID-19, including cardiac markers Troponin I (p &lt; 0.001) and BNP (p &lt; 0.001). During COVID-19, 1.1% of patients had a cardiac etiology of chest pain compared with 0.7% before COVID-19 (p = 0.03).ConclusionsDuring COVID-19, pediatric patients with chest pain underwent more diagnostic testing compared to Pre-COVID-19. This may be due to higher patient acuity, emergence of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) that necessitated more extensive testing and possible changes in ED clinician behavior during COVID-19.
Cognitive performance in children and adolescents with primary hypertension and the role of body mass
Authors: Azukaitis Karolis , Puteikis Kristijonas , Kinciniene Odeta , Mikucionyte Dovile , Mameniskiene Ruta , Jankauskiene Augustina 
Published: April 2024

ObjectivePrimary hypertension has been shown to affect cognitive functions in adults but evidence in the pediatric population remain scarce and equivocal. We aimed to compare cognitive functioning between children diagnosed with primary hypertension and normotensive controls, with a focus on the role of different blood pressure (BP) parameters and body mass.MethodsWe conducted a single-center, prospective, cross-sectional study of children and adolescents (6–17 years old) with primary hypertension and age- and sex-matched normotensive controls. All participants underwent office BP, ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM), and central BP measurements using an oscillometric device. Neurocognitive assessment consisted of evaluation of (i) intelligence quotient (IQ), (ii) categorical and phonemic fluency, (iii) verbal memory (verbal-logical story recall), and (iv) non-verbal computerized cognitive assessment.ResultsThe study included a total of 59 patients with primary hypertension (14 ± 3 years) and 37 normotensive controls (14 ± 3 years). Participants in the primary hypertension group had a significantly higher body mass index z-score (BMIz: 2.1 ± 1.4 vs. 0.7 ± 0.9, p &lt; 0.001), and 85% received antihypertensive therapy. Participants with primary hypertension showed worse performance in the domains of reaction speed, attention and processing speed, visual memory, new learning, and phonemic fluency. After adjusting for BMIz, only the differences in the reaction speed tasks remained significant. None of the BP parameters was associated with cognitive outcomes after adjustment for age, sex, and BMIz. BMIz associated with tasks of visual memory, new learning, spatial planning, and working memory, independent of age and sex.ConclusionChildren and adolescents diagnosed with primary hypertension exhibit worse performance in the cognitive domains of reaction speed, attention, processing speed, visual memory, and new learning. These differences to healthy controls can be partially attributed to accompanying increase of body mass.
The fungicide pyraclostrobin affects gene expression by altering the DNA methylation pattern in Magnaporthe oryzae
Authors: Fang Shumei , Wang Hanxin , Qiu Kaihua , Pang Yuanyuan , Li Chen , Liang Xilong 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionRice blast disease caused by Magnaporthe oryzae has long been the main cause of rice (Oryza sativa L.) yield reduction worldwide. The quinone external inhibitor pyraclostrobin is widely used as a fungicide to effectively control the spread of pathogenic fungi, including M. oryzae. However, M. oryzae can develop resistance through multiple levels of mutation, such as target protein cytb mutation G143A/S, leading to a decrease in the effectiveness of the biocide after a period of application. Therefore, uncovering the possible mutational mechanisms from multiple perspectives will further provide feasible targets for drug development.MethodsIn this work, we determined the gene expression changes in M. oryzae in response to pyraclostrobin stress and their relationship with DNA methylation by transcriptome and methylome.ResultsThe results showed that under pyraclostrobin treatment, endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated and ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis were enhanced, suggesting that more aberrant proteins may be generated that need to be cleared. DNA replication and repair processes were inhibited. Glutathione metabolism was enhanced, while lipid metabolism was impaired. The number of alternative splicing events increased. These changes may be related to the elevated methylation levels of cytosine and adenine in gene bodies. Both hypermethylation and hypomethylation of differentially methylated genes (DMGs) mainly occurred in exons and promoters. Some DMGs and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were annotated to the same pathways by GO and KEGG, including protein processing in the ER, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, RNA transport and glutathione metabolism, suggesting that pyraclostrobin may affect gene expression by altering the methylation patterns of cytosine and adenine.DiscussionOur results revealed that 5mC and 6mA in the gene body are associated with gene expression and contribute to adversity adaptation in M. oryzae. This enriched the understanding for potential mechanism of quinone inhibitor resistance, which will facilitate the development of feasible strategies for maintaining the high efficacy of this kind of fungicide.
Supportive care needs of adolescents and young adults 5 years after cancer: a qualitative study
Authors: Baudry Valentine , Girodet Magali , Lochmann Mathilde , Bottichio Margaux , Charton Emilie , Flahault Cécile , Baudry Anne-Sophie , Bertrand Amandine , Christophe Véronique 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionAdolescent and young adult (AYA) survivors who have been treated for cancer during childhood and adolescence are at great risk of the physical, psychological, and social consequences of cancer and its associated treatments. However, compliance with long-term follow-up is low. One possible explanation is that follow-up care fails to meet the expectations of AYA survivors. This study explored the specific supportive care needs of AYA survivors of childhood and adolescent cancer five years post-diagnosis.MethodsSemi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 AYA aged 15 to 25 years old. Thematic analyses were conducted to establish categories of supportive care needs and classify them as being met or unmet.ResultsParticipants reported between 2 and 20 specific needs (M = 11), including needs concerning fertility issues and reassurance regarding relapse (each mentioned by 67% of AYA), followed by the need for locomotor care, follow-up coordination and multidisciplinary care (60% of AYA for each). Participants also reported needs regarding social relationships, administration and finance, and academic and professional domains. Most (69%) of these needs were reportedly unmet, including need of information about cancer repercussions and follow-up, support in managing fatigue and sleep problems, psychological assistance, and support from peers.DiscussionThe supportive care needs are still considerable and varied in AYA survivors of childhood and adolescent cancer 5 years post-diagnosis and are largely unmet. As unmet supportive care needs highlight the gap between available care in follow-up and the real needs of AYA survivors, a better understanding of their supportive care needs and unmet needs, thanks to systematic needs assessment, would enable long-term follow-up care to be adapted, thereby improving compliance and quality of life.
The impact of work environment on caring behavior among Chinese hospice nurses: the chain mediating effect of psychological capital and empathy
Authors: Wang Tiantian , Li Yunrong , Chen Jie , Meng Aifeng , Wang Yeping , Zhang Liuliu , Wu Bing , Yang Bo , Zhao Yun 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionThe caring behavior of hospice nurses toward patients positively impacts their professional careers and significantly improves the quality of hospice services. A positive and supportive work environment may protect nurses against negative emotions that may affect the humanistic care they provide, and their job satisfaction. This study aimed to explore the impact of the nursing work environment on caring behavior. We also investigated the chain mediating effect of psychological capital and empathy on this relationship among Chinese hospice nurses.MethodsThe Practice Environment Scale (PES), the Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ), the Empathy Ability Scale for Hospice Nurses, and the Caring Behaviors Inventory (CBI) were used to survey 393 Chinese hospice nurses. SPSS 27.0 and Mplus 8.0 were used for statistical processing to analyze the mediating effects.ResultsThe nursing work environment positively predicted caring behavior. Furthermore, it was found that psychological capital and empathy jointly mediate the relationship between the nursing work environment and caring behavior.ConclusionThis study reveals how the nursing work environment affects the caring behavior of hospice nurses. Hospital managers need to provide hospice nurses with a favorable working environment from the perspective of positive psychology, continuously monitor their psychological state, improve their caring behavior, and provide references for developing intervention plans to promote the caring behavior of hospice nurses in the future.
The interactive effect between economic uncertainty and life history strategy on corrupt intentions: a life history theory approach
Authors: Sai Xueying , Zhu Lei 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionWhy do some people show more corruption when facing uncertain environment? The present study aimed to give a plausible answer from an evolutionary perspective: this might be rooted in people’s different life history strategies (slow vs. fast).MethodsThe present study measured the participants’ corrupt intentions by a hypothetical scenario and primed the feeling of economic environmental uncertainty by requiring the participants to read economic uncertainty (vs. neutral) materials.ResultsIt is revealed that the participants with fast life history strategies had stronger corrupt intentions after reading materials about economic uncertainty than reading neutral materials. In addition, the desire for power mediated the interactive effect between life history strategy and economic uncertainty on corrupt intentions for fast life history strategists.DiscussionThis finding was discussed for its theoretical and practical implications from the perspective of life history theory.
Comparison of early risk factors between healthy siblings and subjects with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
Authors: Nunes Rosany Guterrez , Carrilho Carolina Gomes , Alves Gilberto Sousa , Malaspina Dolores , Kahn Jeffrey Paul , Nardi Antonio Egidio , Veras André Barciela 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionThe following work aims to compare the types and magnitude of risk events in patients with Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder and each of those groups with of a group of healthy siblings, exploring differences and similarities of the two psychotic disorders.MethodsRetrospective interviews were conducted with 20 families to investigate maternal and obstetric health, social support and the presence of early trauma for the affected family members and healthy siblings. Mothers were interviewed with the Prenatal Psychosocial Profile and each family participant was assessed with the Early Trauma Inventory, Screening Questionnaire of the Genomic Psychiatry Cohort and the Diagnostic Interview for Psychosis and Affective Disorders.ResultsObstetric and gestational history, pregnancy weight changes and early trauma were associated with offspring’s mental illness, including statistically significant findings for complications of pregnancy, pregnancy weight changes, general trauma, physical punishment and emotional abuse.ConclusionThese findings highlight the different risk factor exposures that occur within a family, which may increase the risk for severe mental illness.
“I have to fight for them to investigate things”: a qualitative exploration of physical and mental healthcare for women diagnosed with mental illness
Authors: Zirnsak Tessa , Elwyn Rosiel , McLoughlan Grace , Le Couteur Esther , Green Chloe , Hill Nicholas , Roberts Russell , Maylea Chris 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionWomen play a significant role in the management of their own healthcare and that of others, however women diagnosed with mental illness and physical health concerns experience significant health inequalities as compared to people living without mental health concerns.MethodsIn this paper, we reflect on the experiences of 20 cis women diagnosed with mental and physical health concerns who agreed to be a part of this research. This qualitative study is part of the larger Healthtalk Australia research project which was not gender specific. Female participants shared many experiences of mental and physical healthcare in interviews with researchers that pointed to the need for a gendered approach to addressing health inequalities. Consequently, we iteratively consolidated transcripts of interviews with participants into thematic categories facilitated by NVIVO 12.ResultsWe identified two broad themes and a set of subthemes: in the doctor’s office – experience of labelling; negotiating medications; and interactions with physical and mental health, and outside the doctor’s office – responses to trauma, financial concerns, and reliance on participant’s internal resources to get healthcare needs met.DiscussionWe conclude that participants in this study undertook significant work to manage their own healthcare needs, despite being challenged by clinicians and systems that failed to see them as whole people with expertise regarding their own health.
Physical activity, musculoskeletal disorders, burnout, and work engagement: a cross-sectional study on Italian white-collar employees
Authors: Amatori Stefano , Gobbi Erica , Sisti Davide , Pivato Giorgia , Giombini Germana , Rombaldoni Rosalba , Calcagnini Giorgio , Rocchi Marco B. L. , Perroni Fabrizio 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionBoth mental and physical health of office workers had a positive relationship with their work engagement, with the latter relationship being driven by the association of a healthy diet and physical activity (PA). This observational study aimed to investigate the associations between PA levels, musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), burnout, and work engagement, in a sample of white-collar employees.MethodsA total of 615 workers (age 42.2 ± 9.5 years) successfully completed an online questionnaire comprising work-related information and standardized questionnaires on PA, MSDs, burnout and work engagement.Results36.9% of the participants did not meet the PA guidelines, 19.0% adhered to them, and 44.1% exceeded them. A significant portion of participants reported suffering from MSDs, primarily neck/shoulder and/or low back/hip pain. Those exceeding PA guidelines had fewer MSDs compared to non-compliant participants and exhibited better mental health and work engagement. Compliance with PA guidelines was associated with a 38% reduced risk of emotional exhaustion, with an even greater reduction of 47% among those surpassing the guidelines.DiscussionPA could exert a positive effect on physical and mental health of employees, but only if performed above a certain amount. The study supports the need to identify workplaces as suitable for health-focused interventions and lifestyle changes.
Online resources as a source of information for exercise and physical activity in solid organ transplant recipients
Authors: Da Silva Tania , Momen Rozhan , Al Kaabi Noor , Masrur Muhib , Holdsworth Sandra , Prevost Karina , Logan Sherrie , Santa Mina Daniel , Mucsi Istvan , Bhat Mamatha , Alba Ana Carolina , Reid W. Darlene , Ferreira Manoela , Mathur Sunita , Janaudis-Ferreira Tania , Wickerson Lisa , Rozenberg Dmitry 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionExercise training post-transplant has been shown to improve physical function and quality of life in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. Online resources in the form of websites and videos are commonly used to provide education and instruction on exercise and physical activity in SOT; however, the content and quality of these online resources has not been evaluated.MethodsThe first 200 websites and videos identified on Google and YouTube using the English search term “exercise and physical activity in solid organ transplantation” were analyzed. Website and video content was evaluated based on 25 key components of exercise and physical activity in SOT as described in established exercise program recommendations. Website and video quality was determined using DISCERN, Global Quality Scale (GQS), and Patient Education Materials and Assessment Tool (PEMAT; threshold for which material is deemed understandable or actionable is &gt;70%). Parametric and non-parametric tests were used to assess website and video characteristics, content, and quality metrics.ResultsForty-nine unique SOT websites (n = 15) and videos (n = 34) were identified, with the two most common categories being foundation/advocacy organizations and scientific resources. The average reading grade level of websites was 13 ± 3. Website and video content scores varied significantly (websites 11.3 ± 6.4; videos 8.4 ± 5.3). DISCERN total score and GQS score were low (median range for DISCERN 2.5–3.0; median for GQS 2.0 for both websites and videos, out of 5). PEMAT understandability and actionability scores were also low across websites and videos (mean range 57%–67% and 47%–65%, respectively). Foundation/advocacy websites had higher content and quality scores compared to scientific organizations and news/media articles.ConclusionsTo our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive assessment of online content and quality of website and video resources on physical activity and exercise in adult SOT recipients. There were a limited number of online English patient-directed resources related to physical activity in SOT, most of which only partly captured items outlined in consensus exercise program recommendations and were of low quality and understandability and actionability. This work provides important insight to the English-speaking transplant community on the current state of online exercise health information and provides future direction for resource development.
Fusion rate and complications of oblique lumbar interbody fusion and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion in the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases: a meta-analysis
Authors: Xiao Xun , Duan Heng , Pan Xin , Zhao Hua 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundThere currently exists some controversy about the efficacy of oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) in the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases.AimThis study compares the application effects of OLIF and TLIF in lumbar degenerative diseases by reviewing the literature and using meta-analysis.MethodsWe included randomized controlled trials and cohort studies comparing TLIF and OLIF in the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases. We searched for words such as “intervertebral disc degeneration,” “spinal fusion,” and “lumbar vertebrae” in the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. The search date was set from the establishment date of the database to October 2023. Two authors independently conducted document screening, data abstraction, and qualitative assessment. A meta-analysis was performed and adapted to RevMan5.3 software. The odds ratio (OR), weighted mean difference (WMD), and 95% CI were calculated by adopting a fixed-effect model (FEM) or a random-effect model (REM).ResultsA total of 18 cohort studies were included with 1,550 patients, of whom 806 patients underwent TLIF (TLIF group) and 744 patients underwent OLIF (OLIF group). There were no significant differences found in the fusion rate [OR = 1.58 (0.95, 2.64), P = 0.08], complication rate [OR = 1.25 (0.93, 1.68), P = 0.14], and visual analog scale for back pain (VAS-BP) [WMD = 0.00 (−0.13, 0.14), P = 0.96] between the two groups. Compared with the TLIF group, the OLIF group had a lower Oswestry disability index (ODI) [WMD = −0.62 (−1.03, −0.20), P = 0.003], a higher foramen height (FH) [WMD = 2.03 (1.42, 2.46), P &lt; 0.001], a higher disc height (DH) [WMD = 1.69 (1.17, 2.22), P &lt; 0.001], and a shorter length of stay (LOS) [WMD = −1.80 (−2.55, −1.05), P &lt; 0.001].ConclusionIn the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases, compared with TLIF, OLIF has more advantages in terms of improving the lumbar function, restoring the FH and DH, and shortening the LOS. Both methods have comparable fusion rates, complication rates, and lumbar pain improvements. Due to the small amount of research and unclear assessment of the risk of bias, high-quality, large-sample randomized controlled studies are required to prove it.