bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Denture stomatitis and its risk indicators in south Brazilian older adults
Authors: Dos Santos Camila Mello , Hilgert Juliana Balbinot , Padilha Dalva Maria Pereira , Hugo Fernando Neves 
Published: June 2009

doi:10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2009.00295.x

Denture stomatitis and its risk indicators in south Brazilian older adults Objective:  The purpose of this study was to evaluate if socio‐demographic, behaviour and health variables are risk indicators for denture‐related stomatitis in community‐dwelling older adults from Carlos Barbosa, Brazil.Materials and methods:  In this cross‐sectional study, 872 subjects aged 60 years or more were evaluated. Data collection included dental examinations and questionnaires to assess socio‐demographic, behaviour, general and oral health data. All questionnaires and examinations were carried out during 2004. Associations between the independent variables and the outcomes ‘prevalence of denture stomatitis’ or ‘prevalence of granular stomatitis’ were adjusted by means of multivariate logistic regressions.Results:  Participants with denture stomatitis were significantly more likely to be females, to display increased amounts of plaque, and significantly less likely to visit the dentist for treatment. Participants with granular stomatitis were significantly more likely to be females and participants with granular stomatitis were significantly more likely to be females, aged 70 years or more and current smokers. In addition, participants with granular stomatitis displayed increased amounts of plaque.Conclusion:  The data presented here confirms the central role of denture biofilm accumulation in denture stomatitis. It also indicates that smoking may increase susceptibility to infection in its most severe form.
Domestic use of a disclosing solution for denture hygiene: a randomised trial
Authors: Souza Raphael F. , Regis Rômulo R. , Nascimento Cássio , Paranhos Helena F. O. , Silva Claudia H. Lovato 
Published: June 2009

doi:10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2009.00309.x

Domestic use of a disclosing solution for denture hygiene: a randomised trial Objectives:  The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the domestic use of a disclosing agent for denture hygiene.Materials and methods:  Completely edentulous participants wearing maxillary dentures were randomly assigned to one of the three intervention groups: (1) Follow‐up only (control; n = 12); (2) Oral and denture hygiene instructions (n = 10); (3) Instructions associated with the home use of a disclosing agent (1% neutral red; n = 10). Biofilm coverage area (%) over internal and external surfaces of the maxillary denture was assessed at baseline and after 14 and 90 days. Data were evaluated by generalised estimating equations based on score tests (α = 0.05).Results:  The participants presented low changes for areas of biofilm coverage (14 days (%): internal: GI = 1.4 ± 0.9; GII = 1.5 ± 1.3; GIII = −0.4 ± 0.9; external: GI = 1.4 ± 1.5; GII = 1.5 ± 1.4; GIII = −0.4 ± 0.9; 90 days (%): internal: GI = 2.0 ± 0.9; GII = 2.2 ± 1.4; GIII = 0.3 ± 1.0; external: GI = 2.1 ± 1.4; GII = 2.2 ± 1.5; GIII = 0.3 ± 0.9). Changes were similar for the three groups (p = 0.293) and were not influenced by the test time (p = 0.218).Conclusion:  It can be concluded that the home use of a disclosing agent for denture hygiene does not improve the removal of the biofilm, particularly for patients with adequate oral hygiene habits.
Tumour necrosis factor‐α attenuates insulin action on phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene expression and gluconeogenesis by altering the cellular localization of Foxa2 in HepG2 cells
Authors: Pandey Amit K. , Bhardwaj Vikash , Datta Malabika 
Published: June 2009

Circulating tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNFα) levels, which are elevated in obesity‐associated insulin resistance and diabetes, inhibit insulin signalling at several points in the signalling cascade. The liver is critical in maintaining circulating glucose levels and, in a preliminary investigation using the human hepatoma (HepG2) cell line in this study, we demonstrated the role of TNFα in the regulation of this phenomenon and determined the underlying molecular mechanisms. As the transcription factor Foxa2 has been implicated, in part, in the regulation of gluconeogenic genes, we studied the effects of TNFα and/or insulin on its cellular status in hepatocytes, followed by an assessment of its occupancy on the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) promoter. Preincubation of cells with TNFα, followed by insulin, significantly prevented insulin‐mediated nuclear exclusion of Foxa2 and substantially increased its nuclear concentration. Foxa2 was subsequently found to occupy its binding element on the PEPCK promoter. TNFα alone, however, did not alter the status of cellular Foxa2 or its occupancy on the PEPCK promoter. TNFα preincubation also significantly attenuated insulin‐induced inhibition of the expression of gluconeogenic enzymes and hepatic glucose production. Insulin inhibition of PEPCK expression and the preventive effect of TNFα could be partially but significantly restored in the presence of Foxa2 siRNA. Several other well‐known mediators of insulin action in the liver in general and of gluconeogenic genes in particular include Foxo1, PGC‐1 and SREBP‐1c. Our results indicate that another transcription factor, Foxa2, is at least partly responsible for the attenuating effect of TNFα on insulin action on PEPCK expression and glucose production in HepG2 cells. Structured digital abstract

MINT‐7040448: TBP (uniprotkb:P20226), FOXA2 (uniprotkb:Q9Y261) and FOXA1 (uniprotkb:P55317) colocalize (MI:0403) by cosedimentation (MI:0027)
Radial velocity study of the post-period minimum cataclysmic variable SDSS J143317.78+101123.3 with an electron-multiplying CCD
Authors: Tulloch S. M. , Rodríguez-Gil P. , Dhillon V. S. 
Published: June 2009

Abstract
We present high time-resolution spectroscopy of the eclipsing cataclysmic variable SDSS J143317.78+101123.3 obtained with QUCAM2, a high-speed/low-noise electron-multiplying CCD camera. Littlefair et al. measured the mass of the secondary star in SDSS J143317.78+101123.3 using a light-curve fitting technique and obtained a value of M2 = 0.060 ± 0.003 M⊙, making it one of the three first bona fide detections of a brown dwarf mass donor in a cataclysmic variable. In this Letter, we present a dynamical measurement supporting this important result. We measured the radial velocity semi-amplitude of the white dwarf from the motion of the wings of the Hα emission line and obtained a figure of K1= 34 ± 4 km s−1, in excellent agreement with the value of K1 = 35 ± 2 km s−1 predicted by Littlefair et al.'s model.
SIMULTANEOUS DETECTION OF LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES, STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS, SALMONELLA ENTERICA AND ESCHERICHIA COLI O157:H7 IN FOOD SAMPLES USING MULTIPLEX PCR METHOD
Authors: ZHANG D. , ZHANG H. , YANG L. , GUO J. , LI X. , FENG Y. 
Published: June 2009

ABSTRACT In this study, one multiplex polymerase chain reaction (MPCR) assay was developed for simultaneous detection of four foodborne pathogens, i.e., Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli O157:H7. Five specific primer pairs were designed based on the nucleotide sequences of hemolysin gene (hly) of Listeria monocytogenes, thermostable nuclease gene (nuc) of Staphylococcus aureus, invasion gene (invA) of Salmonella enterica, shiga‐like toxin gene (stx) and intimin gene (eae) of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in this assay. The specificity and sensitivity of the MPCR method were validated, and the limit of detection (LOD) of this method was about 10 copies. One cfu/mL each of these foodborne pathogens spiked in practical food samples, i.e., ground meat, beef, pork, fish, shrimp, cheese, canola leaf and cabbage, could be detected simultaneously after 24 h enrichment at a rate of 87.5%, indicating that the established MPCR detection method was effective and suitable for practical use.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSThis study presents a quick and effective identification method to simultaneous monitor four foodborne pathogens in food samples. The specificity and sensitivity of this method can be used to unambiguously identify these four foodborne pathogens in practical food samples based on the species‐specific genes. Therefore, this detection method is applicable for surveillance measures of these four foodborne pathogens in the food production chain.
FOOD SAFETY KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE OF CONSUMERS OF VARIOUS FOOD SERVICE ESTABLISHMENTS
Authors: GURUDASANI R. , SHETH M. 
Published: June 2009

ABSTRACT In the present study, food safety knowledge and attitude of 300 consumers from nine different categories of food service establishments (FSEs) were assessed. Results revealed that most consumers (60%) eating at various FSEs were young, in the age group of 18–35 years. Some of the consumers could identify the carriers for foodborne diseases such as cholera, food poisoning and jaundice, but most of them did not know about the carriers of typhoid, gastroenteritis and amebiosis. Most of the consumers received information on food safety from family and friends. A positive association was seen between education of consumers and frequency of receiving information from various sources such as magazines, TV/radio, posters/hoardings, newspapers, school/colleges, health workers and family/friends. Most consumers had a positive attitude toward food hygiene, and they believed in punishing street food vendors who violated the food safety norms. Most consumers believed that government intervention would help in improving the quality of street foods. A lot of better‐educated food handlers believed that adherence to norms on the personal hygiene of the food handler should be made compulsory, and that training of persons in street food service is essential to ensure quality of food and food safety. In conclusion, various sources of information should be used to increase consumer awareness on food safety. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSIn the present study, situational analysis was conducted to obtain data on food safety knowledge and attitude of consumers. Results indicated that although some of the consumers could identify the carriers for foodborne diseases, such as cholera, food poisoning and jaundice, most of them did not know about the carriers of typhoid, gastroenteritis and amebiosis. Thus, efforts should be made to educate consumers about the relation between food and diseases and the importance of making proper food choices for consumption. Most consumers had a positive attitude toward food safety and believed government intervention would help in improving the quality of street foods. Such data can form the basis for seeking the attention of government to undertake measures to improve the quality of foods served at various food outlets. Also, it was found that very few consumers received information on food safety from various sources like magazines, TV/radio, posters, newspapers, health workers, nongovernment organizations, etc. This calls for attention of food safety educators to use a variety of audio‐visual aids to spread the messages on food safety. Such area‐specific data on consumers' knowledge on food safety can assist in developing food safety education programs.
ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NONTYPHOID SALMONELLA FROM HOSPITAL FOOD HANDLERS IN BEIJING, CHINA
Authors: LUO YANPING , LI JINGYUN , MA YUE , HU CHANGQIN , JIN SHAOHONG , CUI SHENGHUI 
Published: June 2009

ABSTRACTSalmonella enterica isolates recovered from stool samples of healthy food handlers in two hospital dining halls in Beijing, China were characterized by serotyping, susceptibility to 15 antimicrobials and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Our data showed that 9.5% (29/305) of food handlers in these two dining halls were Salmonella carriers. Twenty‐nine isolates were grouped into five serotypes including Agona, Derby, Enteritidis, Infantis and Senftenberg. All six Enteritidis isolates were resistant to chloramphenicol, nalidixic acid and tetracycline. Identical PFGE patterns were identified from food handlers in the same dining hall that indicated the possible transmission of Salmonella among food handlers and to customers. Our findings underscore the importance of food hygiene education and regular health examination among food handlers in dining halls in China.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSFood handlers in dining halls should be considered as a high‐risk group for Salmonella carrier state in China. Food hygiene education and regular health examination among food handlers in dining halls should be carried out.
Chiropractic Use by Urban and Rural Residents With Insurance Coverage
Authors: Lind Bonnie K. , Diehr Paula K. , Grembowski David E. , Lafferty William E. 
Published: June 2009

ABSTRACT:
Purpose: To describe the use of chiropractic care by urban and rural residents in Washington state with musculoskeletal diagnoses, all of whom have insurance coverage for this care. The analyses investigate whether restricting the analyses to insured individuals attenuates previously reported differences in the prevalence of chiropractic use between urban and rural residents as well as whether differences in provider availability or patient cost‐sharing explain the difference in utilization. Methods: Claims data from 237,500 claimants in 2 large insurance companies in Washington state for calendar year 2002 were analyzed, using adjusted clinical group risk adjustment for differences in disease burden and rural urban commuting area codes for rurality definition. Findings: The proportion of claimants using chiropractors was higher in rural than urban residents (44% vs 32%, P < .001). Lack of conventional providers in rural areas did not completely explain this difference, nor did differences in patient cost‐sharing or demographics. Among those who used chiropractors, those in urban areas had more chiropractic visits than users of chiropractic in rural areas. Conclusions: Among insured adults, use of chiropractic care was higher in rural than in urban areas. Reasons suggested for this difference in previous reports were not borne out in this data set.
Preparing Daughters: The Context of Rurality on Mothers' Role in Contraception
Authors: Noone Joanne , Young Heather M. 
Published: June 2009

ABSTRACT:
Context: The United States continues to have the highest rate of adolescent childbearing among developed countries. Lack of access and disadvantage contribute to this problem, which disproportionately impacts rural women. Given the increased difficulty rural young women face regarding contraceptive access, parental communication and support play an even more vital role in assisting them to navigate decisions about and access to contraception. Purpose: To examine rural women's perspectives on how living in a rural area impacts issues surrounding pregnancy prevention for their daughters and parent‐child communication regarding pregnancy prevention. Methods: Open‐ended interviews were conducted with 30 mothers of adolescent women in 3 rural counties in southern Oregon. Thematic analysis within and across interviews using constant comparative analysis was used to explore barriers, facilitators and strategies mothers identified in talking with their daughters about contraception. Findings: Specific themes found that related to the rural environment included (1) conservatism, (2) isolation, (3) lack of privacy, (4) stigma, (5) the paradox of the rural environment, and (6) the uniqueness of rural life. Conclusions: The context of living in a rural environment may present unique barriers to facilitate parent‐child communication when discussing intimate topics. The design of interventions needs to take into consideration these issues, particularly when attempting to serve hard‐to‐reach populations.
Nurses' Comfort Level With Emergency Interventions in the Rural Hospital Setting
Authors: Ross Erin L. , Bell Sue E. 
Published: June 2009

ABSTRACT:
Context: One quarter of the persons living in the United States receive their emergency care in a rural hospital. Nurses employed in these hospitals see few emergencies but must be prepared to provide expert and efficient care when they do occur. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of registered nurses' certifications and years of experience on comfort level in emergencies. Methods: Data were collected using a survey design. The questionnaire gathered demographic data, number and type(s) of certifications held, and comfort level with 7 emergency interventions. The sample was recruited from registered nurses (RNs) working in 10 Critical Access Hospitals that represented different geographic locations and different distances to larger, more comprehensive hospitals in an upper Midwestern state. Findings: Mean comfort level of all respondents with the 7 selected emergency interventions ranged from 2.3 for assisting with thoracentesis to 3.6 for assisting with precipitous vaginal delivery, indicating only a moderate comfort level with the selected emergency interventions. While 70% of the 86 respondents answered “yes” when asked if they felt comfortable in emergency situations, the percentage of respondents who reported being comfortable ranged from 33% to 83%. Conclusions: Number and type(s) of certifications and years of experience as an RN were associated with higher comfort levels. Responses to open‐ended questions provided insight into the realities of rural emergency nursing and strategies for improving comfort levels of rural nurses in emergency situations.
From Neighbourhood to Network: A Review of the Significance of Neighbourhood in Studies of Social Relations
Authors: Clark Andrew 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThis article reviews changing approaches to the idea of neighbourhood communities in social science research. It specifically considers the implications for thinking about the neighbourhood either as the settings where social relations and communal bonds are produced or as non‐geographical networks. There is a long history of territorial‐based community studies that have focused on everyday life in neighbourhood locations; most typically, working‐class urban neighbourhoods or edge‐of‐city housing estates. Research exploring networked communities in contrast considers ways in which individuals are caught up in webs of networked organisations and individuals that stretch across space and seemingly render place less relevant to community formation. The review outlines some for the challenges of these approaches to the idea of community and cautions against dismissing the significance of neighbourhood in the ways in which individuals construct communities of networks, contacts and relations with others.
Dye–Surfactant Interaction: Modulation of Photophysics of an Ionic Styryl Dye
Authors: Sahoo D. , Chakravorti S. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe interesting modulation of multibond rotation–induced intramolecular charge transfer photophysics of 2‐(4‐(dimethylamino) styryl)‐1‐methylpyridinium iodide in different micelles due to different contributions of twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) and hydrogen bonding deactivation channels have been reported in this paper. 2‐(4‐(dimethylamino) styryl)‐1‐methylpyridinium iodide enters into all the micelles in different positions from the water solution due to active hydrophobic force and electrostatic field, as revealed from the shift and intensity of intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) band. The presence of mechanically trapped water with the addition of salt and inherent thermodynamic water controls the ICT emission. Analysis of spectral data before and after the addition of salt confirms the orientation of 2‐(4‐(dimethylamino) styryl)‐1‐methylpyridinium iodide in cationic and anionic micelles.
Limited Proteolysis of Luciferase as a Reporter in Nanosystem Biology: A Comparative Study
Authors: Ataei Farangis , Hosseinkhani Saman , Khajeh Khosro 
Published: June 2009

AbstractFirefly luciferase is a 62 kDa protein that produces a flash of light on the oxidation of luciferin in the presence of ATP, Oxygen and Mg2+. Luciferase has a broad range of applications for analytical purposes and in vivo imaging for nanosystem biology studies. However, the enzyme is highly susceptible to proteolytic degradation that reduces its half‐life. Rate of proteolytic digestion between two members of luciferase family (Photinus pyralis and Lampyris turkestanicus) is compared. Proteolytic sensitivity of L. turkestanicus luciferase was found to be more than P. pyralis luciferase, due to higher rate of hydrolysis under identical conditions. Both luciferases showed more sensitivity to chymotrypsin than trypsin with different digestion pattern. Digestion of P. pyralis by trypsin produced some fragments which were found to be more resistant to further degradation, whereas in L. turkestanicus initial fragments subdigested by trypsin, like chymotrypsin effect on both luciferases. Furthermore, both luciferases become increasingly labile to proteolysis as the temperature increases. The rate of inactivation and the rate of degradation between luciferases were different in a specific time of incubation. Appearance of similar bands for both luciferases confirmed exposure of specific regions, in spite of structural differences.
A regional approach to plant DNA barcoding provides high species resolution of sedges (Carex and Kobresia, Cyperaceae) in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago
Authors: CLERC‐BLAIN JESSICA LE , STARR JULIAN R. , BULL ROGER D. , SAARELA JEFFERY M. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractPrevious research on barcoding sedges (Carex) suggested that basic searches within a global barcoding database would probably not resolve more than 60% of the world’s some 2000 species. In this study, we take an alternative approach and explore the performance of plant DNA barcoding in the Carex lineage from an explicitly regional perspective. We characterize the utility of a subset of the proposed protein‐coding and noncoding plastid barcoding regions (matK, rpoB, rpoC1, rbcL, atpF‐atpH, psbK‐psbI) for distinguishing species of Carex and Kobresia in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, a clearly defined eco‐geographical region representing 1% of the Earth’s landmass. Our results show that matK resolves the greatest number of species of any single‐locus (95%), and when combined in a two‐locus barcode, it provides 100% species resolution in all but one combination (matK + atpFH) during unweighted pair‐group method with arithmetic mean averages (UPGMA) analyses. Noncoding regions were equally or more variable than matK, but as single markers they resolve substantially fewer taxa than matK alone. When difficulties with sequencing and alignment due to microstructural variation in noncoding regions are also considered, our results support other studies in suggesting that protein‐coding regions are more practical as barcoding markers. Plastid DNA barcodes are an effective identification tool for species of Carex and Kobresia in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, a region where the number of co‐existing closely related species is limited. We suggest that if a regional approach to plant DNA barcoding was applied on a global scale, it could provide a solution to the generally poor species resolution seen in previous barcoding studies.