bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prenatal Detection of D-TGA and Novel Interventional Program Decrease Time to Balloon Septostomy
Authors: Mattia Donald , Coronado Claire , Garn Byron , Graziano Joseph , McLaughlin Ericka Scheller , Lindblade Christopher 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Infants with dextro-transposition of the great arteries (d-TGA) are at high risk for hemodynamic compromise in the immediate postnatal period due to dependence on intracardiac mixing for oxygen delivery. This period of profound hypoxemia may have long-term implications, as previous studies demonstrated patients with d-TGA are at increased risk for neurocognitive delays despite effective surgical correction in the neonatal period. Balloon atrial septostomy (BAS) is an established intervention that improves intracardiac mixing and perioperative hemodynamics. This retrospective study aimed to quantify the time from birth to BAS and compare short-term outcomes for patients with prenatal and postnatal diagnoses of d-TGA. We identified 68 newborns born with d-TGA who were admitted to our facility between 2013 and 2022 and required BAS within 48 hours after birth. A prenatal diagnosis significantly decreased the time from birth to BAS (9.3 to 2.8 hours, p-value < 0.0001), however, there was no significant difference in other short-term outcomes including lowest SpO2, initial lactate, neurologic complications, time to surgery, or hospital length of stay. During this study, our cardiac interventional team began traveling to a nearby delivery center where a bedside BAS could be performed prior to transferring the patient. This proved to be a safe and effective model, as there were no procedural complications and infants with a prenatal diagnosis born after program implementation had a significantly reduced time to BAS (4.1 to 1.1 hours, p-value < 0.0001).
An Evaluation of the Reasoning Effectiveness of ChatGPT to Scrutinize and Quash Untrue Social Media Memes
Authors: Dzierzanowski Richard , Watson Taylor , Stevenson Conrad 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Evaluating the effectiveness of ChatGPT in scrutinizing and debunking misinformation embedded within social media memes reveals significant potential for AI-driven fact-checking tools. Thirty memes from Facebook, Instagram, and TikTok were analyzed, showcasing the model's strengths and limitations in handling diverse content types. High accuracy and reasoning capabilities were observed, particularly with clear textual claims, while challenges remained with visually-oriented and contextually sparse content. The study underscores the necessity for platform-specific optimizations and multimodal approaches to enhance performance. Implications for social media fact-checking and AI development are discussed, alongside the study's limitations and suggestions for future research. By assisting human fact-checkers, AI models like ChatGPT can enhance the reliability of information disseminated online, contributing to a more informed and discerning public.
Assessment of groundwater potential zones using GIS-based multicriteria decision analysis: a case study on Enemor and Ener Woreda, Central Ethiopia Region
Authors: Moshe Alene , Beza Manamno 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Groundwater is one of the most important contributors to fresh water for humankind in the world. The knowledge of groundwater distribution can play a significant role in the planning and implementation of groundwater management strategies. The major aim of this study was to assess the groundwater potential zone using geographic information system (GIS)-based multicriteria decision analysis in the Enemor and Ener Woreda, Ethiopia. The factors considered in this study are rainfall, geology, slope, drainage density, land use/land cover (LULC), lineament density, and soil type. As a result of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), it was determined that rainfall and geology are the most influencing factors based on their scoring higher weights. The groundwater potential zone of the study area was categorized into five classes, namely, very low, low, moderate, high, and very high. On analysis, most portions of the study area are found to be under the moderate situation, which covers around 540.23 km2 (65.6%) of the study area, whereas very low, low, high, and very high potentiality classes cover 0.002, 10.99, 21.93, and 0.55% of the area, respectively. Approximately 92% of the observed boreholes agreed with the developed map. Finally, the output of this study is important to regional as well as local policymakers for the exploitation of groundwater or management purposes.
Análise comparativa entre duas unidades de conservação no Piauí utilizando os princípios de boa governança
Authors: Júnior Johannes de Oliveira Lima , Rocha Glairton Cardoso , Braga Tácito Fellipe Meneses , Gomes Lucas Samuel Lima 
Published: May 2024

A criação de unidades de conservação vem sendo uma importante estratégia para a efetiva redução do desmatamento e preservação ambiental. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo tem como objetivo realizar uma análise comparativa entre as estratégias de gestão desenvolvidas por duas unidades de conservação distintas no estado do Piauí, o Parque Nacional de Sete Cidades e a Floresta Nacional de Palmares. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa de campo com entrevista qualitativa com as duas gestões, utilizando os princípios de boa governança para analisar estas duas unidades. Sendo assim, percebe-se uma, especialmente em função do tempo de existência, apresenta maior maturidade dos dispositivos de gestão. Percebeu-se ainda, que apesar das singularidades, há um permanente esforço em otimizar os resultados ligados à proteção da biodiversidade, bem como, a preocupação com as questões sociais e a solução de conflitos de uso.
Calibração das Condutividades Hidráulicas do Aquífero Missão Velha usando o Método Iterativo do Gradiente Hidráulico
Authors: Lopes Maísa de Calda , Da Silva Cavalcante João , Barbosa Mello Thayna , Cavalcante da Silva Luiz Felipe , Holanda Castro Marco Aurélio 
Published: May 2024

Este trabalho analisa a eficiência do Método Iterativo do Gradiente Hidráulico (MIGH) para calibração de modelos numéricos de água subterrânea a partir da modelagem do aquífero Missão Velha localizado ao norte do município de Brejo Santo-CE. O MIGH converge quando a média dos ângulos φ e/ou o valor do RMSEH atingem um valor mínimo predefinido. Na análise foi obtido RMSEH (raiz do erro quadrático médio) de , no qual resultou a condutividade hidráulica máxima de e valor mínimo de . Estes valores são consistentes com as expectativas para a região estudada. O trabalho conclui que o MIGH demonstra ser um método eficiente e confiável para calibrar a condutividade hidráulica em aquíferos. Adicionalmente, o aplicativo UFC-FLOW mostrou-se como uma ferramenta computacional robusta para a modelagem de fluxo subterrâneo, provando ser essencial na tomada de decisões relacionadas ao planejamento e gestão de recursos hídricos.
Bioactive Compounds from Vicia sativa L. and Vicia monantha Retz. with Unveiling Antiviral Potentials in Newly Green Synthesized CdO Nanoparticles
Authors: Nasr Alyaa , Elshazly Ezzat H. , Slima Dalia F. , Elnosary Mohamed E. , Sadek Ahmed M. , Khamis Mona , Gong Yu , Tian Qian , Gouda Gamal A. , Zhu Guo-Ping 
Published: May 2024

Background:
in the current study, a comparative phytochemical analysis was carried
out to explore the phenolic and flavonoid contents in the aerial parts of Vicia sativa L and Vicia
monantha Retz growing in cultivated, reclaimed, and desert habitats.

Methods:
High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to detect Vicia methanolic
extracts' individual phenolic and flavonoid constituents. The first-time synthesis of cadmium
oxide nanoparticles (CdO NPs) using the aqueous extract of V. monantha has been developed
using a green approach. Also, the cytotoxicity of V. monantha extract and CdO NPs was examined
using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay for unveiling
them as anti-HAV and anti-AdV.

Results:
Our results indicated that in the case of desert habitat, the contents of total phenolics
(76.37 mg/g) and total flavonoids (65.23 mg/g) of V. monantha were higher than those of V.
sativa (67.35 mg/g and 47.34 mg/g, respectively) and the contents of these secondary metabolites
were even increased in V. monantha collected from reclaimed land (phenolics: 119.77 mg/g,
flavonoids: 88.61 mg/g). Also, V. monantha surpassed V. sativa in the contents of some individual
HPLC constituents, and hence, V. monantha was used to synthesize the green CdO NPs and
subsequent antiviral tests. The average size of CdO NPs was determined to be 24.28 nm, and the
transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of CdO NPs clearly showed their spherical
form and varying particle sizes, with different diameters in the range of 19–29 nm. MTT assay
was positive to the exposure of CdO NPs in the normal cell line, proposing that CdO NPs can
reduce cell viability. V. monantha extract showed promising antiviral activity against Hepatitis A
virus (HAV) and Adenovirus (AdV) with SI of 16.40 and 10.54. On the other hand, CdO NPs
had poor antiviral activity against HAV with an SI of 4.74 and moderate antiviral activity against
AdV with an SI of 10.54.

Conclusion:
V. monantha is now considered a new, valuable natural resource for phenolics and
flavonoids, especially when grown in reclaimed soil. The green CdO NPs based on V. monantha
extract showed a promising antiviral effect against HAV and AdV.
NLRP3 Inflammasome Triggers Inflammation of Obstructive Sleep
Apnea
Authors: Yangzhong Xiaoting , Hua Shu , Wen Yiqiong , Bi Xiaoqing , Li Min , Zheng Yuanyuan , Sun Shibo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract:
Obstructive sleep apnea [OSA] is widespread in the population and affects
as many as one billion people worldwide. OSA is associated with dysfunction of the
brain system that controls breathing, which leads to intermittent hypoxia [IH],
hypercapnia, and oxidative stress [OS]. The number of NOD-like receptor family pyrin
domain-containing [NLRP3] inflammasome was increased after IH, hypercapnia, and
OS. NLRP3 inflammasome is closely related to inflammation. NLRP3 inflammasome
causes a series of inflammatory diseases by activating IL-1β and IL-18. Subsequently,
NLRP3 inflammasome plays an important role in the complications of OSA, including
Type 2 diabetes [T2DM], coronary heart disease [CHD], hypertension,
neuroinflammation, and depression. This review will introduce the basic composition
and structure of the NLRP3 inflammasome and focus on the relationship between the
NLRP3 inflammasome and OSA and OSA complications. We can deeply understand
how NLRP3 inflammasome is strongly associated with OSA and OSA complications.
Modern-Day Therapeutics and Ongoing Clinical Trials against Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Narrative Review
Authors: Tiwari Rohit Kumar , Ahmad Afza , Chadha Muskan , Saha Kingshuk , Verma Harshitha , Borgohain Kalpojit , Shukla Ratnakar 
Published: May 2024

Objectives:
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a global health concern that affects millions of
people globally. The present review aims to narrate the clinical guidelines and therapeutic interventions
for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients. Furthermore, the present work
summarizes the ongoing phase 1/2/3 and clinical trials against T2DM.

Methods:
A meticulous and comprehensive literature review was performed using various databases,
such as PubMed, MEDLINE, Clinical trials database (https://clinicaltrials.gov/), and
Google Scholar, to include various clinical trials and therapeutic interventions against T2DM.

Results:
Based on our findings, we concluded that most T2DM-associated clinical trials are interventional.
Anti-diabetic therapeutics, including insulin, metformin, Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4
(DPP-4) inhibitors, Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1RAs), and Sodium-
Glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors are frontline therapeutics being clinically investigated.
Currently, the therapeutics in phase IV clinical trials are mostly SGLT-2 inhibitors, implicating
their critical contribution to the clinical management of T2DM.

Conclusion:
Despite the success of T2DM treatments, a surge in innovative treatment options
to reduce diabetic consequences and improve glycemic control is currently ongoing. More emphasis
needs to be on exploring novel targeted drug candidates that can offer more sustained
glycemic control.
Pyrazole Paradigms: Unveiling Synthetic Pathways and Unraveling Anti-Cancer Potential
Authors: Kumari Poonam , Agrawal Neetu , Mujwar Somdutt 
Published: May 2024

:
This review investigates the synthetic methods and anti-cancer activities of pyrazole
compounds. Various synthetic approaches, including traditional organic synthesis and microwaveassisted
synthesis, have been used to change the pyrazole core structure, resulting in new compounds
with improved pharmacological properties. The paper also covers the mechanisms of action
that underpin pyrazole derivatives' anti-cancer characteristics, focusing on interactions with major
molecular targets implicated in cancer growth and proliferation. SAR insights help to rationally
develop novel anti-cancer drugs. In conclusion, the review emphasizes the versatility of pyrazole
derivatives as scaffolds for the discovery and development of new anti-cancer medicines. By understanding
synthesis routes and unravelling anti-cancer potential, this study hopes to encourage
new research endeavours focused on leveraging the therapeutic advantages of pyrazole paradigms
in the fight against cancer.
Speed Sensor-less Control of Induction Motor based on Super-helical
Sliding Mold
Authors: An Xiaoyu , Ren Chenglong , Guo Leilei , Jia Lianhui , Sun Zhihong , Mei Yongxiang , Wang Haoyu 
Published: May 2024

Background:
With the continuous progress of technology and the development of shield
enterprises, higher requirements are put forward for speed estimation and system stability in the sensorless
control system of induction motors in shield machines.

Method:
In order to solve the problems of velocity observation error and sliding mode vibration of
the induction motor velocity observation method based on sliding mold observer, an improved superhelical
sliding mold observer is proposed by combining the currently known invention patents and
the information based on the induction motor control.

Result:
The open square of the current error value is introduced into the continuous function of the
sliding variable of the observer, and two different functions are used in the boundary layer to replace
the sign function, which reduces the sliding mode noise and vibration problems, and the stability of
the observer is proved by the Lyapunov stability theory. After that, a phase-locked loop alternative
model-referenced adaptive algorithm is used as the rotational speed observation link, which solves
the problem that the conventional model-referenced adaptive algorithm relies on the current-modeled
magnetic chain observer.

Conclusion:
The improved super-helical sliding mode observer and phase-locked loop control method
effectively reduce the system vibration and speed estimation error of the motor under different
speeds and loading conditions, and the observed currents are smoother, which improves the stability
of the system. Simulation and experimental results under different working conditions show the effectiveness
of the proposed method.
Phytochemicals as Adjuvant Therapies in RND Efflux-mediated Multidrug Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections and Evaluation Techniques of Efflux Inhibitory Activities in Bacteria
Authors: Nanjan Praveena , Bose Vanitha 
Published: May 2024

:
One of the top-listed opportunistic pathogens that are frequently found in medical devices such as ventilation systems is Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These bacteria often cause infections in the lungs (pneumonia), blood after surgery, and other parts of the body. Extreme susceptibility to P. aeruginosa infection primarily exists in immunosuppressed individuals, and long-term evolution has led to the development of genetic resistance mechanisms that have high genetic flexibility against damaging antibiotics. Several lines of research evidence point to efflux as the primary reason for the organism's effectiveness against antibiotic treat-ment in infections caused by this bacterium. Drug Efflux pumps play a crucial role in medicine because they expulse a variety of unique and unrelated chemical structures with either antibi-otics or antimicrobials before they reach the concentration necessary to kill bacteria, confer-ring multiple resistance to more than one class of antibiotics. Targeting this mechanism for example by blocking the most active efflux pump MexAB-orpM would probably lead to the discovery of new ways to circumvent the bacterial system of antibiotic resistance and boost treatment effectiveness.
Comparative analysis of the course of the perioperative period in patients with diabetes during knee and hip arthroplasties
Authors: Zenkina L.M. , Halushko O.A. 
Published: May 2024

Background. Hip and knee arthroplasty (HKA) are common surgical interventions. In more than 20 % of patients undergoing HKA, diabetes mellitus is detected, which is one of the risk factors for the development of periprosthetic infection and the occurrence of complications in the perioperative period. The purpose: to determine the features of the course of the perioperative period in patients with diabetes during knee and hip replacement. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis was performed of the inpatient charts of 50 people who underwent HKA against the background of concomitant diabetes. All participants were divided into two groups: 1) patients with hip arthroplasty; 2) patients with knee arthroplasty. The course of the intraoperative and postoperative periods and the development of complications were analyzed. Results. All patients were aged from 38 to 86 years, had increased weight (body mass index of 26.0–29.4 kg/m2). Among the complications, hypertension was most common (64.0 and 68.0 % in the groups, respectively), nausea and vomiting (32.0 and 28.0 %, respectively), disturbances in the rhythm and depth of breathing (16.0 and 20.0 % respectively) were often observed. The need for analgesia in the postoperative period was registered in 96.0 and 100.0 % of cases, which indicates its insufficient quality. Other clinical and anamnestic indicators, the course of the perioperative period and the development of complications were similar in patients undergoing both hip and knee replacements (p > 0.05). Conclusions. Clinical and anamnestic data, the spectrum of existing concomitant pathology, characteristics of carbohydrate metabolism and its disorders, features of the course of the perioperative period and detected complications were of the same type in patients regardless of the location of the intervention. There was no significant difference in the studied parameters (p > 0.05). Identified complications and insufficient effectiveness of postoperative analgesia dictates the need to find optimal methods of perioperative analgesia during HKA.
Oblique projections in the analysis of multislice computed tomography data in gunshot wounds
Authors: Khoroshun E.M. , Makarov V.V. , Nehoduiko V.V. , Yasinskyi O.V. , Sharmazanova O.P. , Pulyaev S.A. 
Published: May 2024

Background. The purpose is to determine the place and role of oblique projections in the analysis of multislice computed tomography (MSCT) data in gunshot wounds. Materials and me­thods. More than 3,300 MSCT studies performed in wounded and traumatized patients over a certain period in the Military Medical Clinical Center of the Northern Region of the Medical Forces Command were prospectively studied. All the wounded were male, the average age was 42.1 ± 2.4 years. MSCT of the head, thoracic and abdominal organs, pelvis, and limbs was performed. The frequency of using oblique projections and their informativeness were studied. Results. A prospective study demonstrated that coronal, axial, sagittal projections, and 3D modeling were used in 100 % of cases, and in 21.4 % — oblique projections to improve MSCT results. The distribution by localization of MSCT was as follows: head — 32.9 %, neck — 7.6 %, chest organs — 32.2 %, abdominal organs — 22.3 %, limbs — 5.0 %. MSCT in angiomode was performed in 3.5 % of injured and traumatized patients: head — 27.2 %, neck — 18.4 %, chest organs — 28.9 %, abdominal organs — 23.7 %, limbs — 1.8 %. Oblique projections in MSCT data analysis were used when studying the wound channel in 82.3 % of cases, to improve the visualization of vessels during MSCT in angiomode — in 12.6 % and to improve the visualization of bone fracture lines — in 5.1 %. Conclusions. In the structure of MSCT studies, the head, thoracic organs, abdominal organs, neck, and limbs prevail by localization (in descending order). Oblique projections are used is 1/5 of cases and allow to improve the visualization of the direction of the wound channel, vessels during angiography and lines of flat and long tubular bone fractures.
Accuracy of soy-based resins for dental 3D printing
Authors: Pauls Alexander , Hornberg Antonia 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To verify the accuracy of soy-based resins for dental three-dimensional (3D) printing.

Materials and Methods
After conducting a power analysis, models of 10 consecutively treated patients were produced from four different resins using a dental 3D printer. Two of these resins were soy based and therefore biodegradable. These 20 models were measured manually with a caliper as well as digitally by software and compared based on measurement parameters in all three spatial axes.

Results
No statistically significant differences were found between the four different resins or between the manual and digital measurements.

Conclusions
Soy-based resin seems to be a suitable material for orthodontic 3D printing and is a more environmentally friendly alternative to conventional dental resins. Digital model analysis seems to produce comparable results to manual measurement.
Physiological Analysis of Calyx Growth and Yield Analysis in Roselle (Hibiscus subdariffa L.)
Authors: Deshmukh D. V. , Wagh R. S. 
Published: May 2024

The study conducted during the month of July to November, 2022 aimed to evaluate the roselle (Hibiscus subdariffa) genotypes suitable for calyx yield. Five roselle genotypes were evaluated in four replications for physiological analysis of calyx growth and it’s biochemical status under rainfed condition. The actual and effective growth and lag periods for calyx growth ranged between 33 and 37, 15.00 and 21.82, 11.93 and 22.36 days, respectively. Genotype AHC-1 required lower actual growth period, lag period and longer effective growth period. The genotype, HSLC-1 recorded minimum plant height, higher number of leaves, number of branches and number of fruits and maintained higher fresh and dry weight of calyx productivity. Genotype, AHC-1 was superior for maintaining fresh and dry weight of calyx, volume of calyx per flower bud, higher absolute growth rate of calyx, higher phenolic and anthocyanin content in calyx. The genotypes, HSLC-1 and AHC-1 required maximum growing degree days and maintained higher heat use efficiency, helio thermal units and heliothermal use efficiency. Considering physiological and biochemical variation in calyx growth and yield influenced by roselle genotypes, genotype AHC-1 with highest fresh weight of calyx per flower bud, highest phenolic content and anthocyanin content having high medicinal value could be suggested to farmers. In earliness point of view and overall calyx productivity the genotype HSLC-1 could be suggested to farmers.