bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient experimental design and micro‐scale medium enhancement of 6‐deoxyerythronolide B production through Escherichia coli
Authors: Pistorino Michael , Pfeifer Blaine A. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe recent use of heterologous hosts to produce natural products has shown significant potential, although limitations still exist regarding optimal production titers. In this study, we utilize micro‐scale cultures and well‐defined screening methods to identify key medium components that influence the heterologous production of the complex polyketide 6‐deoxyerythronolide B (6dEB) through E. coli. It was determined that tryptone had a significant effect on 6dEB production and could supplement substrate requirements and improve recombinant protein levels of the essential deoxyerythronolide B synthase (DEBS) which catalyze 6dEB conversion. As a result, the study (1) demonstrates the feasibility of micro‐scale cultures to study E. coli 6dEB production and effectively model larger‐scale cultures; (2) identifies an enhanced medium which generates over 160 mg L−1 6dEB (a 22‐fold improvement over current culture media); and (3) provides new insight and understanding related to the heterologous production of 6dEB from E. coli. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2009
Development of a Matlab/Simulink®‐based wind turbine prototyping software through undergraduate student projects
Authors: Benbouzid M. E. H. , Diallo D. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractElectrical Engineering and more particularly Power Engineering at the undergraduate level is facing a crisis at many French universities in terms of enrollment. One reason is the attraction of “newer” areas like Computer Engineering, which seem to excite the students more and pay higher starting salaries. In this difficult context, a significant educational investment is necessary to excite the students and entice them into Power Engineering. An area that students universally find interesting is alternate energy systems based on a renewable energy supply like wind. What is interesting with this area is that it includes the fundamental material that already exists in many energy conversion courses. Therefore, in this article the authors present the development of wind turbine prototyping software under Matlab/Simulink® through undergraduate student projects within the Electrical and Computer Engineering Professional Institute(IUP GEII) at Amiens, France 1. This software was developed by a group of three students of the Institute third and final year. It was then used by another group of three students of the Institute second year to realize a wind energy system model. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 20: 78–87, 2012
A synergy between action‐research and a mixed methods design for improving services and treatment for family members of heavy alcohol and drug users
Authors: Arcidiacono Caterina , Velleman Richard , Procentese Fortuna 
Published: July 2009

AbstractOur project first explored the patterns of disempowerment within 113 Italian families facing the problem of a heavy alcohol or drug user in the family. It then provided therapeutic interventions for the members of a further fifty‐two families, and thirdly, as a part of the diffusion of the results, it provided brief training for 1,011 professionals supplying services for those suffering from alcohol and drug addiction. Research undertaken in the UK, Mexico and Australia (Copello, Templeton, & Velleman, 2006; Orford et al., 2005a; Orford, Templeton, Velleman, & Copello, 2005b; Velleman & Templeton, 2003) on the impact of substance misuse on families, and on the development of effective interventions to assist those families, supplied the models for this participatory research in Italy.This article discusses the mobilization of health professionals in developing a participatory project within a cross‐cultural framework, focusing on research that involved more than 70 researchers and other professionals all over Italy. Research team discussions, peer validation of gathered data and reflexivity all had a significant role. The paper illustrates various issues, which are often not explicitly mentioned in research reports, related to recruitment, cooperation between researchers, interactions between researchers and participants, information about decision‐making and the actual modalities of execution of the project. Moreover, the careful descriptions of qualitative research principles within the action research approach and a mixed methods design should enhance the research competencies of psychologists and social scientists involved in the community. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modern Thermoelectrochemistry
Authors: Gründler Peter , Kirbs Andreas , Dunsch Lothar 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThermoelectrochemistry as a branch of electrochemistry like photoelectrochemistry is reviewed in an integral treatment of the subject. Especially modern thermoelectrochemistry is focused on new techniques to vary the temperature as an independent variable. This review based on a definition of modern thermoelectrochemistry includes all the classical work which contributes to the formation of modern thermoelectrochemistry, among them high‐temperature electrochemistry, subcritical‐ and supercritical electrochemistry and in‐situ electrochemical calorimetry. The main focus is on modern techniques like fast electrode heating by lasers or by alternating current as well as on heating of solution spots by microwaves and related methods. Here the state of the art in modern thermoelectrochemistry is critically reviewed for the first time.
Effectiveness of an emotion regulation group training for adolescents—a randomized controlled pilot study
Authors: Schuppert H. Marieke , Giesen‐Bloo Josephine , van Gemert Tonny G. , Wiersema Herman M. , Minderaa Ruud B. , Emmelkamp Paul M. G. , Nauta Maaike H. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractEmotion Regulation Training (ERT) was developed for adolescents with symptoms of borderline personality disorder (BPD) and emotion dysregulation. ERT is an adaptation of the Systems Training for Emotional Predictability and Problem Solving (STEPPS) programme. This paper describes the background of the programme, and gives an outline of the treatment programme. The effectiveness of ERT was examined in a randomized controlled pilot study with 43 youth (aged 14–19 years) in five mental health centres in the Netherlands. Subjects were assessed before and after random assignment to ERT plus treatment as usual (TAU) (n = 23) or to TAU alone (n = 20). Outcome measures included assessment of BPD symptoms, locus of control, and internalizing and externalizing behaviour. Both groups showed equal reductions in BPD symptoms over time. The group receiving ERT plus TAU (and not the TAU‐only group) had a significant increase in internal locus of control: ERT participants reported more sense of control over their own mood swings, and attributed changes in mood swings not only to external factors. The study was complicated by a high attrition. The implications of the findings are discussed, including the difficulties inherent in treating and researching an adolescent population, and the need for researchers to develop age‐appropriate assessments. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message:• There is a clear need for the recognition of BPD symptoms in adolescents.• Early interventions could alleviate the symptoms of BPD, and prevent the development of full‐blown BPD and poor psychosocial outcome.• ERT is a 17‐session adjunctive group programme for adolescents with BPD symptoms that improves internal locus of control.• ERT shows equal results on BPD symptoms as treatment as usual.• The attrition rate in this study was high; this finding is similar to other studies with BPD patients.
40 Jahre Deutsches Institut für Bautechnik – Das DIBt‐Jubiläumsjahr 2008 im Rückblick
Authors: Schmidt‐Staudinger Renate 
Published: July 2009

Abstract2008 jährte sich zum 40sten Mal die Gründung des Deutschen Instituts für Bautechnik (DIBt). Am 1. Juli 1968 haben die Länder und der Bund mit Abkommen das Institut für Bautechnik (IfBt) in Berlin gegründet. Ziel war es, “die technische Verwaltungsarbeit der Länder auf dem Gebiet der Bauaufsicht zu rationalisieren.” Das Ereignis wurde mit zahlreichen Aktionen und Informationsveranstaltungen begangen. Hiervon wird im Folgenden kurz berichtet.
Glutamate drives the touch response through a rostral loop in the spinal cord of zebrafish embryos
Authors: Pietri Thomas , Manalo Elise , Ryan Joel , Saint‐Amant Louis , Washbourne Philip 
Published: July 2009

AbstractCharacterizing connectivity in the spinal cord of zebrafish embryos is not only prerequisite to understanding the development of locomotion, but is also necessary for maximizing the potential of genetic studies of circuit formation in this model system. During their first day of development, zebrafish embryos show two simple motor behaviors. First, they coil their trunks spontaneously, and a few hours later they start responding to touch with contralateral coils. These behaviors are contemporaneous until spontaneous coils become infrequent by 30 h. Glutamatergic neurons are distributed throughout the embryonic spinal cord, but their contribution to these early motor behaviors in immature zebrafish is still unclear. We demonstrate that the kinetics of spontaneous coiling and touch‐evoked responses show distinct developmental time courses and that the touch response is dependent on AMPA‐type glutamate receptor activation. Transection experiments suggest that the circuits required for touch‐evoked responses are confined to the spinal cord and that only the most rostral part of the spinal cord is sufficient for triggering the full response. This rostral sensory connection is presumably established via CoPA interneurons, as they project to the rostral spinal cord. Electrophysiological analysis demonstrates that these neurons receive short latency AMPA‐type glutamatergic inputs in response to ipsilateral tactile stimuli. We conclude that touch responses in early embryonic zebrafish arise only after glutamatergic synapses connect sensory neurons and interneurons to the contralateral motor network via a rostral loop. This helps define an elementary circuit that is modified by the addition of sensory inputs, resulting in behavioral transformation. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 2009
Spontaneous Reduction of High‐Spin FeIII Complexes Supported by Benzoic Hydrazide Derivative Ligands
Authors: Bouslimani Nouri , Clément Nicolas , Toussaint Clément , Hameury Sophie , Turek Philippe , Choua Sylvie , Dagorne Samuel , Martel David , Welter Richard 
Published: July 2009

AbstractWe report herein experimental evidence for the spontaneous reduction of new high‐spin iron(III) FeIII(L(n))2Cl, L complexes to new high‐spin iron(II) FeII(HL(n))2Cl2 mononuclear complexes. These processes were checked by EPR, cyclovoltammetric, and pseudo‐steady voltammetric studies. Crystal structures of three new complexes (one FeIII and two FeII) were obtained from RX single‐crystal diffraction.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
From Siderophores and Self‐Assembly to Luminescent Sensors: The Binding of Molybdenum by Catecholamides
Authors: Duhme‐Klair Anne‐K. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractMolybdate reacts readily and instantly with 2,3‐dihydroxybenzamide‐containing ligands (catecholamides) to give stable cis‐dioxido‐MoVI complexes. This reaction is of biological relevance, because it results in the competition of molybdate with FeIII for siderophores of the catecholamide type. These siderophores are secreted by bacteria to acquire essential FeIII and help the cells to cope with variations in metal ion concentrations in their environment. This microreview summarises the insights obtained in this area and analyses the structures of the MoVI complexes formed. In addition, the scope of the structure‐defining potential of the cis‐dioxido‐MoVI unit in the self‐assembly of supramolecular structures is illustrated. The final part of the review describes how catecholamide units can be used in the development of luminescent chemosensors for molybdate.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Unusual Behavior of the Anionic Species from (E)‐1‐Chloro‐3,3,3‐trifluoropropene (HCFC‐1233t)
Authors: Miyagawa Akiko , Naka Motoki , Yamazaki Takashi , Kawasaki‐Takasuka Tomoko 
Published: July 2009

Abstract(E)‐1‐Chloro‐3,3,3‐trifluoropropene was smoothly deprotonated by MeLi at the position β to the CF3 group, and exclusive formation of propargylic alcohols was observed by addition of appropriate carbonyl compounds as long as up to 1.6 equiv. of MeLi was used, whereas more than 1.7 equiv. of this base led to selective construction of allylic alcohols. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
DNA adduct kinetics in reproductive tissues of DNA repair proficient and deficient male mice after oral exposure to benzo(a)pyrene
Authors: Verhofstad Nicole , van Oostrom Conny Th. M. , van Benthem Jan , van Schooten Frederik J. , van Steeg Harry , Godschalk Roger W. L. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBenzo(a)pyrene (B[a]P) can induce somatic mutations, whereas its potential to induce germ cell mutations is unclear. There is circumstantial evidence that paternal exposure to B[a]P can result in germ cell mutations. Since DNA adducts are thought to be a prerequisite for B[a]P induced mutations, we studied DNA adduct kinetics by 32P‐postlabeling in sperm, testes and lung tissues of male mice after a single exposure to B[a]P (13 mg/kg bw, by gavage). To investigate DNA adduct formation at different stages of spermatogenesis, mice were sacrificed at Day 1, 4, 7, 10, 14, 21, 32, and 42 after exposure. In addition, DNA repair deficient (Xpc−/−) mice were used to study the contribution of nucleotide excision repair in DNA damage removal. DNA adducts were detectable with highest levels in lung followed by sperm and testis. Maximum adduct levels in the lung and testis were observed at Day 1 after exposure, while adduct levels in sperm reached maximum levels at ∼1 week after exposure. Lung tissue and testis of Xpc−/− mice contained significantly higher DNA adduct levels compared to wild type (Wt) mice over the entire 42 day observation period (P < 0.05). Differences in adduct half‐life between Xpc−/− and Wt mice were only observed in testis. In sperm, DNA adduct levels were significantly higher in Xpc−/− mice than in Wt mice only at Day 42 after exposure (P = 0.01). These results indicate that spermatogonia and testes are susceptible for the induction of DNA damage and rely on nucleotide excision repair for maintaining their genetic integrity. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Providing care for an elderly parent: interactions among siblings?
Authors: Fontaine Roméo , Gramain Agnès , Wittwer Jérôme 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThis article is focused on children providing and financing long‐term care for their elderly parent. The aim of this work is to highlight the interactions that may take place among siblings when deciding whether or not to become a caregiver. We look at families with two children using data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe; our sample contains 314 dependent elderly and their 628 adult children. In order to identify the interactions between siblings, we have specified a two‐person discrete game model. To estimate this model, without invoking the ‘coherency’ condition, we have added an endogenous selection rule to solve the incompleteness problem arising from multiplicity or absence of equilibrium. Our empirical results suggest that the three classical effects identified by Manski could potentially explain the observed correlation between the siblings' caregiving behaviour. Correlated effects alone appear to be weak. Contextual interactions and endogenous interactions reveal cross‐effects. The asymmetric character of the endogenous interactions is our most striking result. The younger child's involvement appears to increase the net benefit of caregiving for the elder one, whereas the elder child's involvement decreases the net benefit of caregiving for the younger child. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Data collection methodology for dynamic temperature model testing and corroboration
Authors: Neilson B. T. , Stevens D. K. , Chapra S. C. , Bandaragoda C. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThis article describes a data collection approach for determining the significance of individual heat fluxes within streams with an emphasis on testing (i.e. identification of possible missing heat fluxes), development, calibration and corroboration of a dynamic temperature model. The basis for developing this approach was a preliminary temperature modelling effort on the Virgin River in southwestern Utah during a low‐flow period that suggested important components of the energy balance might be missing in the original standard surface‐flux temperature model. Possible missing heat fluxes were identified as bed conduction, hyporheic exchange, dead zone warming and exchange and poor representation of the amount of solar radiation entering the water column. To identify and estimate the relative importance of the missing components, a comprehensive data collection effort was developed and implemented. In particular, a method for measuring shortwave radiation behaviour in the water column and an in situ method for separating out bed conduction and hyporheic influences were established. The resulting data and subsequent modelling effort indicate that hyporheic and dead zone heat fluxes are important, whereas solar radiation reflection at the water surface was found to be insignificant. Although bed conduction can be significant in certain rivers, it was found to have little effect on the overall heat budget for this section of the Virgin River. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
CDK4 IVS4‐nt40G→A and T2D‐associated obesity in Italians
Authors: Meenakshisundaram Ramachandran , Gragnoli Claudia 
Published: July 2009

AbstractCell cycle regulators play crucial roles in the preadipocyte proliferation and adipocyte differentiation. Cyclin‐dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) mediates with D‐type cyclins entry of cells into cell cycle in response to external stimuli. CDK4 plays a role in body weight, adipogenesis, and beta cell proliferation. CDK4 null mice develop type 2 diabetes (T2D). Furthermore, CDK4 variants are associated with obesity‐associated tumors/cancer. We aimed at identifying a role of CDK4 IVS4‐nt40G → A variant in T2D‐associated obesity (body mass index, BMI ≥ 30) by association tests in an Italian T2D subjects dataset. We recruited from Italy 128 unrelated T2D subjects with BMI <30 kg/m2 and 54 unrelated T2D subjects with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2. We performed statistical power calculations in our dataset. DNA samples were directly sequenced with specific primers for CDK4 IVS4‐nt40G → A variant. We identified a significant association of the G allele with T2D‐associated obesity and of the A allele with T2D‐associated BMI < 30. In our study, we found that the CDK4 IVS4‐nt40GG genotype is a risk variant for T2D‐associated obesity and that the AA genotype is associated with BMI < 30 in T2D. Hence, CDK4 IVS4‐nt40A allele is protective and G allele confers risk for obesity in T2D patients. This study should prompt further work aiming at establishing CDK4 role in contributing to human obesity and T2D‐associated obesity. J. Cell. Physiol. 221: 273–275, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Detailed Kinetics of 1‐Hexene Oligomerization Reaction with (n‐Bu‐Cp)2ZrCl2–MAO Catalyst
Authors: Kissin Yury V. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe paper describes a kinetic study of 1‐hexene oligomerization reaction with the (n‐Bu‐Cp)2ZrCl2–MAO catalyst system at 70 °C. GC analysis of the monomer/oligomer mixtures at different reaction times in the course of a 5‐h reaction, provided information on the formation rates of individual oligomer molecules, from the 1‐hexene dimer, C12H24, to the tetradecamer, C84H168. Kinetic modeling of the oligomerization kinetics strongly supports the principal premise of polymerization kinetics, that the value of the propagation rate constant of the chain growth reaction does not depend on the number of monomer units in the growing polymer chain. The only exception from this rule is the insertion of a 1‐hexene molecule into the Zr+C bond in the active center bearing a single monomer unit, (n‐Bu‐Cp)2Zr+CH2CH2C4H9. The rate constant of this reaction in one order of magnitude is higher than the rate constant of 1‐hexene insertion into active centers which are β‐branched with respect to the Zr atom, (n‐Bu‐Cp)2Zr+[CH2CH(C4H9)]nCH2CH2C4H9.magnified image
Nanoscale Networks in Poly[isoprene‐block‐styrene‐block‐(methyl methacrylate)] Triblock Copolymers
Authors: Tureau Maëva S. , Epps Thomas H. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractABC triblock copolymers are capable of self‐assembling into triply‐periodic network structures with a high degree of internal interfacial area and tailored chemical and mechanical properties, making them perfect candidates for nanoscale devices. Our present work focuses on the bulk morphological behavior of the poly[isoprene‐block‐styrene‐block‐(methyl methacrylate)] (ISM) system near the styrene‐rich network phase window. Lamellar (LAM3), alternating gyroid (Q214), and disordered melt (DIS) morphologies were found. Our experimental phase behavior is compared to the self‐consistent‐field theory diagram of a nonfrustrated ABC model system by Tyler et al. The behavior of our ISM system differs slightly from the model ABC system due to small discrepancies in conformational asymmetries and interaction parameters between the respective systems, which highlights the sensitivity of self‐assembly in triblock copolymers.magnified image
Analysis of ante mortem trauma in three modern skeletal populations
Authors: Steyn M. , İŞcan M. Y. , De Kock M. , Kranioti E. F. , Michalodimitrakis M. , L'Abbé E. N. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractWhen archaeological skeletons are assessed, the prevalence (and patterns of bone involvement) of trauma is important. The number and pattern of fractures can be used to gain insight into the occurrence of interpersonal violence, workload and living conditions. However, the question remains as to how these results should be interpreted—such as what constitutes high or low levels of trauma? The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of trauma in a population of modern Greeks living in Crete, as well as South African (SA) whites and blacks in the Pretoria Bone and Raymond Dart collections. The sample comprised mostly of older individuals (n = 90–100 within a sex‐population group). Each skeleton was studied for healed trauma. For the vertebrae, only spondylolysis was assessed. In the Greek sample, it was found that 42% of the males and 46% of females had at least one fracture, with corresponding figures of 63 and 44% for SA whites and 83 and 69% for SA blacks. Radius, rib and femur fractures were most common in Greeks, with skull, radius and ribs most common in SA whites and skull, ulna and ribs in SA blacks. These prevalences of trauma are high, but the composition of the samples (mostly of lower socio‐economic origin) should be kept in mind. It may also be questioned whether these individuals reflect the society as a whole. It seems that the fractures in Greeks are mostly related to old age due to falls and accidents (radius and hip fractures), while the SA black sample reflects high prevalences of interpersonal violence (such as cranial vault and ulna fractures). The SA white sample follows a comparatively moderate pattern of trauma. These comparative figures may be useful when assessing trauma in other skeletal populations. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.