bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of affective factors of colored three‐dimensional shapes
Authors: Miura Takeshi , Matsuo Kenshi , Taniguchi Toshiyuki 
Published: April 2009

Abstract“Shape” has been regarded as one of the fundamental elements of plastic art, together with “color” and “material.” The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of shape on affective meanings, when the visual stimulus is a three‐dimensional shape. The semantic differential technique is used for the extraction of affective factors, with samples of stimuli produced by three‐dimensional computer graphics (3DCG). Since it is difficult to separate the stimuli of shape and color in the visual stimulus of a three‐dimensional shape, both single‐color experiments and colored three‐dimensional‐shape experiments were performed; the influence of shape is investigated by comparison of the respective results. A total of 33 single colors and 132 colored three‐dimensional shapes with simple geometrical form (cube, cylinder, cone, and sphere) were used as samples.Four factors are extracted for single‐color stimuli by factor analysis: “showiness,” “pleasantness,” “strength,” and “warmth.” The factor of “looseness” is also added to the above factors in the case of a three‐dimensional‐shape stimulus. The following tendencies of these factors are obtained: among the single‐color factors, the factors of “pleasantness” and “warmth” show marked variation caused by the influence of shape, and the factor score of “looseness” depends on the straightness or roundness of the shape. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 92(5): 41–54, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.10001
Computer input system based on gaze vector estimation with iris center detection from face images acquired with a Web camera allowing user movement
Authors: Arai Kohei 
Published: April 2009

AbstractA system which allows computer input without a keyboard is proposed. The system utilizes a display‐mounted Web camera for acquisition of the user's face and also a display‐mounted lamp for illumination of the user. It is found that the proposed system allows almost perfect computer input (90%) if the distance between the user and display is within 30 cm and if the keyboard image is displayed on a 19‐inch computer display (8‐cm key distance) with 40‐W fluorescent light as normal illumination from both sides of the display. The proposed system thus requires one retry of key entry in ten times. The proposed system allows user movement, because a moving picture of the user's face is acquired in real time. The relation of the allowable user movement to the success rate, and the relation of the signal‐to‐noise ratio and the contrast of the acquired image of the user to the success rate are determined. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 92(5): 31–40, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.10015
Development research on high‐performance ultrasound sensor system
Authors: Okugumo Masaki , Kimura Akihiko , Ohki Makoto , Ohkita Masaaki 
Published: April 2009

AbstractUltrasound sensor systems are widely used in various fields such as external environment sensors for autonomous mobile robots, mainly due to their features, small size, and easy construction. However, the conventional ultrasound sensor system is limited to measuring only the distance to the object at the time of reflection of the ultrasound wave. In this paper, a new type of high‐performance ultrasound sensor system is proposed. In this system, an ultrasound wave modulated by several featured frequencies is transmitted and the reflected waves are analyzed by means of the Fourier transform. At the same time, the system can measure the speed, the direction of the movement, and the surface ruggedness of the object. The effectiveness of the proposed system is demonstrated through experimental results. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 92(5): 23–30, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.10034
A new decomposition system for volatile organic compounds using combinations of dielectric barrier discharges with zeolite honeycomb sheets
Authors: Inoue Koji , Furuki Keimei , Okano Hiroshi , Yamagata Yukihiko , Muraoka Katsunori 
Published: April 2009

AbstractA new decomposition system for volatile organic compounds (VOCs), based on dielectric barrier discharges combined with zeolite honeycomb sheets, has been developed. A discharge element was made of layered flat metal sheets covered with mica sheets separated by 2 mm, in which corrugated (honeycomb‐shaped) ceramic sheets embedded with zeolites were inserted. This element was shown to satisfy the requirements of durability and flexibility to meet various sizes. Barrier discharges were investigated using this discharge element over wide ranges of operating conditions, in terms of the power consumption and decompositions of various types of VOCs. By selecting suitable operating scenarios, it was found that decomposition of more than 90% of most VOCs was possible, at reasonable power consumption and without electrode contamination by decomposition products. Finally, areas of competitive applications of the present system versus existing decomposition systems are also dicussed. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 168(1): 1–10, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20736
A new unified analysis of estimate errors by model‐matching phase‐estimation methods for sensorless drive of permanent magnet synchronous motors and new trajectory‐oriented vector control, Part I
Authors: Shinnaka Shinji , Sano Kousuke 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThis paper presents a new unified analysis of estimate errors by model‐matching phase estimation methods such as rotor‐flux state observers, back EMF state observers, and back EMF disturbance observers, for sensorless drive of permanent magnet synchronous motors. Analytical solutions for estimate errors, whose validity is confirmed by numerical experiments, are rich in universality and applicability. As an example of universality and applicability, a new trajectory‐oriented vector control method is proposed, which can directly realize quasi‐optimal strategy minimizing total losses with no additional computational loads by simply orienting one of the vector‐control coordinates to the associated quasi‐optimal trajectory. The coordinate orientation rule, which is analytically derived, is surprisingly simple. Consequently, the trajectory‐oriented vector control method can be applied to a number of conventional vector control systems using one of the model‐matching phase estimation methods. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 168(1): 52–65, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20801
A new unified analysis of estimate errors by model‐matching phase‐estimation methods for sensorless drive of permanent‐magnet synchronous motors and new trajectory‐oriented vector control, Part II
Authors: Shinnaka Shinji 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThis paper presents a new unified analysis of estimate errors by model‐matching extended‐back‐EMF estimation methods for sensorless drive of permanent‐magnet synchronous motors. Analytical solutions for estimate errors, whose validity is confirmed by numerical experiments, are rich in universality and applicability. As an example of their universality and applicability, a new trajectory‐oriented vector control method is proposed, which can realize directly a quasi‐optimal strategy minimizing total losses with no additional computational loads by simply orienting one of the vector‐control coordinates to the associated quasi‐optimal trajectory. The coordinate orientation rule, which is analytically derived, is surprisingly simple. Consequently, the trajectory‐oriented vector control method can be applied to a number of conventional vector control systems using model‐matching extended‐back‐EMF estimation methods. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 168(1): 66–78, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20802
Partial discharge degradation of several biodegradable polymers
Authors: Fuse Norikazu , Fujita Shinjiro , Hirai Naoshi , Tanaka Toshikatsu , Kozako Masahiro , Kohtoh Masanori , Okabe Shigemitsu , Ohki Yoshimichi 
Published: April 2009

AbstractPartial discharge (PD) resistance was examined by applying a constant voltage to four different biodegradable polymers—poly‐L‐lactic acid (PLLA), polyethylene terephthalate succinate (PETS), poly ε‐caprolactone butylene succinate (PCL‐BS), and polybutylene succinate (PBS)—and the results were compared with those of low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) and crosslinked low‐density polyethylene (XLPE). The PD resistance is determined by the erosion depth and the surface roughness caused by PDs, and is ranked as LDPE≈XLPE>PLLA≈PETS>PBS>PCL−BS. This means that the sample with a lower permittivity has better PD resistance. Furthermore, examination of the sample surfaces by a polarization microscope and a laser confocal microscope reveals that the PD resistance of crystalline regions with spherulites is higher than that of amorphous regions. Therefore, good PD resistance can be achieved by the sample with a high crystallinity and a low permittivity. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 168(2): 1–10, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20807
Gene expression after dietary intervention with trans fatty acids (trans‐11/trans‐12 18:1) in humans
Authors: Kuhnt Katrin , Flotho Silke , Benjamin Sailas , Boerchers Torsten , Schubert Rainer , Jahreis Gerhard , Spener Friedrich 
Published: April 2009

AbstractGene‐by‐diet interactions play an important role in the prevention of several diseases. Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) are ligands of gene regulators [e.g. peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptors (PPAR)] and have anti‐inflammatory properties. The aim of the study was to investigate the changes in gene expression in monocytes during the intervention with two trans fatty acids (trans‐11 18:1 and trans‐12 18:1) and endogenous CLA from trans‐11 18:1 as precursor in humans. Monocytes were isolated at baseline and after a 6‐week intervention period. The female and male test groups received Σ6.0 g trans‐11 and trans‐12 18:1/day (1 : 1). The control group received control oil. The expression of candidate genes was determined by quantitative RT‐PCR. Gender‐ and treatment‐related gene expression was found. Due to trans fatty acid intake in both gender subgroups, the relative PPARγ expression was up‐regulated. In the female test group, the expression of FAT, SCD, COX2 and BCL2 were induced, while in the male test group E‐FABP, CYP, GLUT4 and PBE were induced. In the male test group compared to controls, a clear increase in gene expression of PPARγ and GLUT4 was shown. The results reveal a gender‐ and treatment‐related gene expression. There is no clear indication as to what extent the supplemented trans fatty acids and the synthesized cis‐9,trans‐11 CLA were involved.
Modified cyclodextrins for fast and sensitive chiral‐capillary electrophoresis‐mass spectrometry
Authors: Giuffrida Alessandro , León Carlos , García‐Cañas Virginia , Cucinotta Vincenzo , Cifuentes Alejandro 
Published: April 2009

AbstractIn this work, three modified CDs (mCDs), namely 6‐deoxy‐6‐[1‐(2‐amino)ethylamino]‐β‐CD, 6‐deoxy‐6‐[N‐(2‐methylamino)pyridine)]‐β‐CD and 3‐monodeoxy‐3‐monoamino‐β‐CD, are investigated as chiral selectors for CE with LIF (CE‐LIF) and CE‐TOF‐MS. The potential of these three mCDs as chiral selectors in CE was also compared with the unmodified β‐CD and γ‐CD. A group of ten different D‐ and L‐amino acids derivatized with FITC was selected as case‐study for CE‐LIF and CE‐MS comparison. The analyte group includes negatively (D/L‐Glu and D/L‐Asp), neutral (D/L‐Ala and D/L‐Asn) and positively (D/L‐Arg) charged amino acids. Chiral separation conditions compatible with CE‐TOF‐MS could be achieved based on the figures of merit obtained by CE‐LIF using the different CDs. Interestingly, LOD values obtained by chiral CE‐TOF‐MS were in the nM range comparable or only slightly worse to those obtained by CE‐LIF. Moreover, the time of analysis using mCDs was reduced more than 30% compared with the non‐chiral conditions (19.2 versus 28.4 min, respectively), with resolution and efficiency values as high as 5.15 and 843 000 plates/m, respectively. The usefulness of this chiral CE‐TOF‐MS method was corroborated through the detection of the main D‐ and L‐amino acids found in different real samples including transgenic versus wild soy and vinegar.
Analysis of aristolochic acids by CE‐MS with carboxymethyl chitosan‐coated capillary
Authors: Fu Xiaofang , Liu Yi , Li Wei , Pang Nannan , Nie Honggang , Liu Huwei , Cai Zongwei 
Published: April 2009

AbstractA CE‐MS method for rapid determination of aristolochic acid‐I and aristolochic acid‐II (AA‐II) in traditional Chinese medicines and biological samples was described in the present paper. AA‐I and AA‐II can be baseline separated within 6 min by CE‐MS with carboxymethyl‐chitosan‐coated capillary. CZE conditions including pH, concentration of buffer, applied voltage, and capillary temperature were systematically investigated, and the composition and flow rate of sheath liquid were also optimized for CE‐MS. Furthermore, the CE‐UV method without any additives in BGE solution was established and compared with the CE‐MS method. The results showed that the two methods could achieve satisfactory separation efficiency, repeatability, and linearity, while the LOD was 0.6 μg/mL for CE‐UV and 0.05 μg/mL for CE‐MS. Compared with the CE‐UV method, the sensitivity of CE‐MS was significantly improved, in addition to the structure information provided by MS detection at the same time. As an application example, a spiked sample in human serum was analyzed by the CE‐MS method, indicating that the new CE‐MS method can be applied to analyze AAs in biological samples.
Direct automatic determination of free and total anesthetic drugs in human plasma by use of a dual (microdialysis–microextraction by packed sorbent) sample treatment coupled at‐line to NACE–MS
Authors: Morales‐Cid Gabriel , Cárdenas Soledad , Simonet Bartolomé M. , Valcárcel Miguel 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThis paper reports for the first time the use of microextraction by packed sorbent in combination with CE. The combined system was used to determine anesthetic drugs in human plasma. A microdialysis fiber was coupled on‐line to the microextraction unit in order to distinguish between free and total concentrations of drugs. The system was automated by connecting the microextraction unit to a syringe pump and interfacing it to a computer. The ensuing method allows the determination of 10 μg/L concentrations of free drugs and 1 μg/L concentrations of total drugs from only 200 μL of sample with an RSD of less than 9%.
Recent food safety and food quality applications of CE‐MS
Authors: Ravelo‐Pérez Lidia M. , Asensio‐Ramos María , Hernández‐Borges Javier , Rodríguez‐Delgado Miguel Ángel 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThe first on‐line coupling of CE with MS detection more than 20 years ago provided a very powerful technique with a wide variety of applications, among which food analysis is of special interest, especially that dealing with food safety and food quality applications, the major topics of public interest nowadays. With this review article, we would like to show the most recent applications of CE‐MS in both fields by recompiling and commenting articles published between January 2004 and October 2008. Although both applications are difficult to separate from each other, we have included in this work two main sections dealing with each specific field. Future trends will also be discussed.
Packet scheduling algorithms for optical packet switch with shared WDM buffers
Authors: Yang Junjie 
Published: April 2009

AbstractIn this paper, a buffer control strategy called limited greedy mode (LGM) is presented to handle fibre delay line (FDL) contentions which often occur in optical packet switch with shared FDL‐buffer. In order to make full use of the FDL‐buffer, three scheduling algorithms based on the LGM, i.e. Shortest Queue Based on Limited Greedy Mode (SQLGM), Increasing Queue Based on Limited Greedy Mode (IQLGM) and Shortest Queue Considering Output Void (SQCOV) are proposed. Performances of these three algorithms are evaluated by simulation experiments. Simulation results show that the SQCOV achieves the best performance. In addition, the buffering performance of shared FDL‐buffer also depends on the greedy degree of LGM and the granularity of FDL. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Flame spread measurements on wood products using the ASTM E 1321 LIFT apparatus and a reduced scale adaptation of the cone calorimeter
Authors: Merryweather G. , Spearpoint M. J. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractFlame spread experiments were conducted in an ASTM E 1321 lateral ignition and flame transport (LIFT) apparatus and a reduced scale ignition and flame spread test (RIFT) adaptation of the cone calorimeter. Wood‐based products were tested and a flame spread model was applied to the results to obtain the flame spread parameter and the minimum heat flux required for flame spread. The materials used were plywood, medium density fibreboard, hardboard, two‐particle board products, Melamine (Melteca) covered products with two types of wood substrate along with New Zealand grown Rimu, Beech, Macrocarpa and Radiata Pine. The RIFT gave comparable results to the LIFT for several of the materials investigated. There appeared to be an effective limit on suitable materials that can be successfully tested in the RIFT to those that have a minimum flux for flame spread of less than 7kW/m2. This limitation was due to the rapid decay of the heat flux profile along the sample and the lower resolution dictated by the smaller size of the RIFT apparatus. It was found that the limit on the minimum heat flux for flame spread was approximately equivalent to a minimum ignition flux of 18kW/m2. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Beyond six scents: defining a seventh Thymus vulgaris chemotype new to southern France by ethanol extraction
Authors: Keefover‐Ring Ken , Thompson John D. , Linhart Yan B. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThe concept of plant chemotype has long been useful to describe secondary chemical phenotypes; however, the idea has practical limitations, especially when applied to ecological questions. This work reports the discovery of a new 1,8‐cineole chemotype of Thymus vulgaris from a well‐studied area in southern France. Multivariate statistical analysis of ethanol‐extracted plant terpenes was used to describe this new chemotype and three others found at the site, and the results are used to discuss the chemotype concept. While the total amount of essential oils among these chemotypes showed no difference, the concentration of the main terpene differed significantly, with the 1,8‐cineole and cis‐sabinene hydrate chemotypes having the lowest amounts of their respective main components, and the linalool chemotype having the highest. The α‐terpinyl acetate chemotype had intermediate levels of its main terpene. A factor analysis revealed four factors which explained almost 89% of the total variation in plant essential oils. Each factor represented a separate chemotype, including a cis‐sabinene hydrate, linalool, α‐terpinyl acetate and the new 1,8‐cineole chemotype. Although the concept of plant chemotype is still valid, better definitions are important when evaluating the influences of a plant's secondary chemistry on other community members. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in FAMMM syndrome
Authors: Vinarsky Vladimir , Fine Robert L. , Assaad Adel , Qian Ying , Chabot John A. , Su Gloria H. , Frucht Harold 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBackgroundGermline mutations at the INK4a/p16 locus are implicated in several human cancer syndromes, including familial atypical multiple mole melanoma (FAMMM) syndrome, FAMMM‐pancreatic cancer (FAMMM‐PC) syndrome, and in familial head and neck cancer syndrome.MethodsWe present an individual with a family history of melanoma and pancreatic cancer who had multiple dysplastic nevi, squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue at age 22, multiple melanomas, a second squamous cell cancer of the tongue at age 40, and ultimately a pancreatic cancer.ResultsWe demonstrate a germline mutation in INK4a and loss of heterozygosity at this locus in his HNSCC tissue.ConclusionsThis report suggests that INK4a germline mutations associated with FAMMM/FAMMM‐PC can also be associated with HNSCC. We conclude that HNSCC in young individuals should prompt clinicians to obtain a family history and consider that the patient may have a germline p16 defect that could predispose them to other cancers, including melanoma and pancreatic cancer. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2009
Hypothyroidism in older patients with head and neck cancer after treatment with radiation: A population‐based study
Authors: Smith Grace L. , Smith Benjamin D. , Garden Adam S. , Rosenthal David I. , Sherman Steven I. , Morrison William H. , Schwartz David L. , Weber Randal S. , Buchholz Thomas A. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBackgroundIn patients with head and neck cancer, radiation treatment (RT) is a risk factor for hypothyroidism. However, the specific magnitude of risk after RT in older patients is not known.MethodsWe identified 5916 patients (age > 65 years) from SEER‐Medicare diagnosed with head and neck cancer from 1992 to 2002. Proportional hazards models compared hypothyroidism risk after any RT versus surgery alone.ResultsIn patients treated with RT, 5‐year incidence of hypothyroidism was 20% and 10‐year incidence was 59%; in patients treated with surgery alone, incidence was 7% and 39% (p < .001). Patients treated with RT had increased adjusted risk (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.14; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.74–2.62), persisting for up to 10 years of follow‐up (HR = 1.85, 95% CI = 1.39–2.44 from 5 to 10 years).ConclusionIn older patients with head and neck cancer, RT is associated with elevated hypothyroidism risk. As onset may be delayed for years, patients may require lifelong thyroid function screening after treatment. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2009
EGFR protein overexpression and mutation in areca quid–associated oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma in Taiwan
Authors: Huang Shiang‐Fu , Chuang Wen‐Yu , Chen I‐How , Liao Chun‐Ta , Wang Hung‐Ming , Hsieh Ling‐Ling 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBackground.Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)‐targeted therapy has been extensively assessed in human cancer treatment. We appraised the possible role of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in areca quid (AQ)‐associated oral cavity squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) by examining EGFR protein overexpression and its tyrosine kinase domain mutations.Methods.EGFR overexpression was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining, and tyrosine kinase mutations was determined by direct sequencing of DNAs from 172 OSCC tumors.Results.Overexpression of EGFR was found in 27.9% (48 of 172) of the OSCCs and was associated with lymph node metastasis (p = .013) and extracapsular spread (p = .022). Only 1 (0.58%) OSCC displayed somatic EGFR mutation but in a silent form (T725T, ACG→ACA).Conclusion.EGFR‐targeted therapy might have some potential in AQ‐associated OSCCs for their EGFR frequently overexpressed, although EGFR mutations were rare. However, the feasibility of TKIs in AQ‐associated OSCCs needs further clinical testing. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2009