bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural basis of the Meinwald rearrangement catalysed by styrene oxide isomerase
Authors: Khanppnavar Basavraj , Choo Joel P. S. , Hagedoorn Peter-Leon , Smolentsev Grigory , Štefanić Saša , Kumaran Selvapravin , Tischler Dirk , Winkler Fritz K. , Korkhov Volodymyr M. , Li Zhi , Kammerer Richard A. , Li Xiaodan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMembrane-bound styrene oxide isomerase (SOI) catalyses the Meinwald rearrangement—a Lewis-acid-catalysed isomerization of an epoxide to a carbonyl compound—and has been used in single and cascade reactions. However, the structural information that explains its reaction mechanism has remained elusive. Here we determine cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of SOI bound to a single-domain antibody with and without the competitive inhibitor benzylamine, and elucidate the catalytic mechanism using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, functional assays, biophysical methods and docking experiments. We find ferric haem b bound at the subunit interface of the trimeric enzyme through H58, where Fe(III) acts as the Lewis acid by binding to the epoxide oxygen. Y103 and N64 and a hydrophobic pocket binding the oxygen of the epoxide and the aryl group, respectively, position substrates in a manner that explains the high regio-selectivity and stereo-specificity of SOI. Our findings can support extending the range of epoxide substrates and be used to potentially repurpose SOI for the catalysis of new-to-nature Fe-based chemical reactions.
Trastuzumab deruxtecan in HER2-positive advanced gastric cancer: exploratory biomarker analysis of the randomized, phase 2 DESTINY-Gastric01 trial
Authors: Shitara Kohei , Bang Yung-Jue , Iwasa Satoru , Sugimoto Naotoshi , Ryu Min-Hee , Sakai Daisuke , Chung Hyun Cheol , Kawakami Hisato , Yabusaki Hiroshi , Sakamoto Yasuhiro , Nishina Tomohiro , Inaki Koichiro , Kuwahara Yusuke , Wada Naoya , Suto Fumitaka , Arita Takeo , Sugihara Masahiro , Tsuchihashi Zenta , Saito Kaku , Kojima Akihito , Yamaguchi Kensei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTrastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) showed statistically significant clinical improvement in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2+) gastric cancer in the DESTINY-Gastric01 trial. Exploratory results from DESTINY-Gastric01 suggested a potential benefit in patients with HER2-low gastric cancer. Spatial and temporal heterogeneity in HER2 expression or gene alteration, an inherent characteristic of gastric cancer tumors, presents a challenge in identifying patients who may respond to T-DXd. Specific biomarkers related to therapeutic response have not been explored extensively. Exploratory analyses were conducted to assess baseline HER2-associated biomarkers in circulating tumor DNA and tissue samples, and to investigate mechanisms of resistance to T-DXd. Baseline HER2-associated biomarkers were correlated with objective response rate (ORR) in the primary cohort of patients with HER2+ gastric cancer. The primary cohort had 64% concordance between HER2 positivity and HER2 (ERBB2) plasma gene amplification. Other key driver gene amplifications, specifically MET, EGFR and FGFR2, in circulating tumor DNA were associated with numerically lower ORR. Among 12 patients with HER2 gain-of-function mutations, ORR was 58.3% (7 of 12). ORR was consistent regardless of timing of immunohistochemistry sample collection. Further investigations are required in larger studies.
Transient dataset of household appliances with Intensive switching events
Authors: Zhang Dongyang , Zhang Xiaohu , Hua Lei , Di Jian , Zhao Wenqing , Ma Yumei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWith the development of Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM), it has become feasible to perform device identification, energy consumption decomposition, and load switching detection using Deep Learning (DL) methods. Similar to other machine learning problems, the research and validation of NILM necessitate substantial data support. Moreover, different regions exhibit distinct characteristics in their electricity environments. Therefore, there is a need to provide open datasets tailored to different regions. In this paper, we introduce the Transient Dataset of Household Appliances with Intensive Switching Events (TDHA25). This dataset comprises switch instantaneous data from 10 typical household appliances in China. The TDHA dataset features a high sampling rate, accurate labelling, and realistic representation of actual appliance start-up waveforms. Additionally, appliance switching is achieved through precise control of relay switches, thus mitigating interference caused by mechanical switches. By furnishing such a dataset, we aim not only to enhance the recognition accuracy of existing NILM algorithms but also to facilitate the application of NILM algorithms in regions sharing similar electricity consumption characteristics to those of China.
Miniaturized double-wing ∆E-effect magnetic field sensors
Authors: Ilgaz Fatih , Spetzler Elizaveta , Wiegand Patrick , Faupel Franz , Rieger Robert , McCord Jeffrey , Spetzler Benjamin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMagnetoelastic micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) are integral elements of sensors, actuators, and other devices utilizing magnetostriction for their functionality. Their sensitivity typically scales with the saturation magnetostriction and inversely with magnetic anisotropy. However, large saturation magnetostriction and small magnetic anisotropy make the magnetoelastic layer highly susceptible to minuscule anisotropic stress. It is inevitably introduced during the release of the mechanical structure during fabrication and severely impairs the device’s reproducibility, performance, and yield. To avoid the transfer of residual stress to the magnetic layer, we use a shadow mask deposition technology. It is combined with a free-free magnetoelectric microresonator design to minimize the influence of magnetic inhomogeneity on device performance. Magnetoelectric resonators are experimentally and theoretically analyzed regarding local stress anisotropy, magnetic anisotropy, and the ΔE-effect sensitivity in several resonance modes. The results demonstrate an exceptionally small device-to-device variation of the resonance frequency < 0.2% with large sensitivities comparable with macroscopic ΔE-effect magnetic field sensors. This development marks a promising step towards highly reproducible magnetoelastic devices and the feasibility of large-scale, integrated arrays.
Associations between alcohol consumption and empathy in a non-clinical sample: drinking motives as a moderator
Authors: Baltariu Isabelle C. , Enea Violeta , de Jong Peter J. , aan het Rot Marije 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPeople consume alcohol for multiple reasons. Negative motives are often associated with alcohol-related problems. These problems might be explained by negative effects of high alcohol consumption on empathy. Past studies have associated alcohol use disorder (AUD) with reduced cognitive and affective empathy. Few studies have focused on non-clinical samples and considered behavioral empathy. We examined the links between alcohol consumption and multiple aspects of empathy, and if these links were moderated by negative drinking motives. We collected online data of 520 unselected individuals. All completed the AUD Identification Test (AUDIT) and a Drinking Motives Questionnaire. Affective and cognitive empathy were assessed using the Empathy Quotient. Behavioral empathy was assessed by asking participants how likely they would help the person in each of 24 scenarios involving pain. Helping others in pain was positively predicted by affective and cognitive empathy. Higher AUDIT scores were associated with helping others less, particularly among participants who scored higher on drinking to cope with negative affect. People who drink more and do so to cope with negative affect appear to have less behavioral empathy. This supports the view that negative drinking motives contribute to AUD risk.
Biodegradable polylactic acid emulsion ink based on carbon nanotubes and silver for printed pressure sensors
Authors: Najafi Maedeh , Forestier Emilie , Safarpour Milad , Ceseracciu Luca , Zych Arkadiusz , Bagheri Ahmad , Bertolacci Laura , Athanassiou Athanassia , Bayer Ilker 
Published: May 2024

AbstractInvestigating biodegradable and biocompatible materials for electronic applications can lead to tangible outcomes such as developing green-electronic devices and reducing the amount of e-waste. The proposed emulsion-based conducting ink formulation takes into consideration circular economy and green principles throughout the entire process, from the selection of materials to the production process. The ink is formulated using the biopolymer polylactic acid dissolved in a sustainable solvent mixed with water, along with conductive carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and silver flakes as fillers. Hybrid conductive fillers can lower the percolation threshold of the ink and the production costs, while maintaining excellent electrical properties. The coating formed after the deposition of the ink, undergoes isothermal treatment at different temperatures and durations to improve its adhesion and electrical properties. The coating’s performance was evaluated by creating an eight-finger interdigitated sensor using a Voltera PCB printer. The sensor demonstrates exceptional performance when exposed to various loading and unloading pressures within the 0.2–500.0 kPa range. The results show a consistent correlation between the change in electrical resistance and the stress caused by the applied load. The ink is biodegradable in marine environments, which helps avoiding its accumulation in the ecosystem over time.
Adolescents’ attitudes, habits, identity and social support in relation to physical activity after the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Matteucci Ivana , Corsi Mario 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study focuses on adolescents’ cognitive processes, behaviors and social support (SS) as they relate to physical activity (PA) before and after the pandemic. The aims of the study were: (1) to investigate the changes in adolescents’ engagement in moderate and vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and examine the changes in PA-related attitudes and behaviors before and after the COVID-19 pandemic; (2) to analyze the correlations between the significant changes that were found, PA engagement, and SS. The survey targeted third-year middle school students of Italian nationality, attending male and female mixed classes, residents in urban, periphery and sub-urban areas, living in families with different incomes, and different habits of engaging in PA. A longitudinal study was developed using a standardized questionnaire. The questionnaire was administered in April–May 2023 to a sample of 952 students aged 11/14 residing in the Marche region in Central Italy. Increasing values were found in the post-COVID-19 phase for all the cognitive processes and attitudes, in particular, those regarding habits (0.66 vs 0.50, + 32%) and identity (0.70 vs 0.55, + 27%) related to PA. Significant correlations were found between these values and VPA engagement and between the values of the same indicators and SS (p < 0.01). The strongest relationship was found with the dimension of identity (r = 0.51; r = 054).
Synthesis and characterization of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles from calcium hydroxide fouled with gases evolved from smokestack of glass industry
Authors: Abdelmoaty Alaa , Mousa Sahar 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn glass industry, the evolved gases and fumes from burning the gas fuel absorbed in calcium hydroxide to minimize the pollution of environment. After a period of time, the calcium hydroxide fouled with sulphate and carbonate as action of the absorbed SO3 and CO2 gases. Based on our interest to treatment the solid waste materials, this study intended to convert the obtained waste of calcium hydroxide fouled with gases to valuable products. Firstly, this waste was treated with water, caustic soda and acids. The results confirmed the conversion of waste to pure calcium sulfate by treatment with 6 v/v% sulfuric acid. Secondly, the obtained calcium sulfate was reacted with ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution for preparation of calcium hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanoparticles. The produced HAp sample was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and N2 adsorption measurements. The obtained findings confirmed that the HAp can be produced after calcination at 700 °C, nanorods-like of sizes ranged from 11 to 15 nm and with main surface functional groups of hydroxyapatite. TGA and DTA data indicated that HAp is thermally stable up to 700 °C. Also, the obtained HAp has Ca/P molar ratio of 1.60 and exhibited high total surface area of 146 m2/g with mesoporous structure which make this material can be used in medical and water purification applications.
Stellae-123 gene expression signature improved risk stratification in Taiwanese acute myeloid leukemia patients
Authors: Wang Yu-Hung , Orgueira Adrián Mosquera , Lin Chien-Chin , Yao Chi-Yuan , Lo Min-Yen , Tsai Cheng-Hong , de la Fuente Burguera Adolfo , Hou Hsin-An , Chou Wen-Chien , Tien Hwei-Fang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe European Leukemia Net recommendations provide valuable guidance in treatment decisions of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, the genetic complexity and heterogeneity of AML are not fully covered, notwithstanding that gene expression analysis is crucial in the risk stratification of AML. The Stellae-123 score, an AI-based model that captures gene expression patterns, has demonstrated robust survival predictions in AML patients across four western-population cohorts. This study aims to evaluate the applicability of Stellae-123 in a Taiwanese cohort. The Stellae-123 model was applied to 304 de novo AML patients diagnosed and treated at the National Taiwan University Hospital. We find that the pretrained (BeatAML-based) model achieved c-indexes of 0.631 and 0.632 for the prediction of overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS), respectively. Model retraining within our cohort further improve the cross-validated c-indexes to 0.667 and 0.667 for OS and RFS prediction, respectively. Multivariable analysis identify both pretrained and retrained models as independent prognostic biomarkers. We further show that incorporating age, Stellae-123, and ELN classification remarkably improves risk stratification, revealing c-indices of 0.73 and 0.728 for OS and RFS, respectively. In summary, the Stellae-123 gene expression signature is a valuable prognostic tool for AML patients and model retraining can improve the accuracy and applicability of the model in different populations.
Diffusive coupling facilitates and impedes noise-induced escape in interacting bistable elements
Authors: Ishii Hidemasa , Kori Hiroshi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDiverse complex systems often undergo sudden changes in their states, such as epileptic seizures, climate changes, and social uprisings. Such behavior has been modeled by noise-induced escape of bistable elements, which is the escape from an attracting state driven by a fluctuation in the system’s state. We consider a system of interacting bistable elements and investigate the effect of diffusive coupling among elements on the process of noise-induced escape. We focus on the influence of the coupling strength over the escape time, which is the time it takes for noise-induced escape to occur. We performed numerical simulations and observed that weak coupling reduced the mean escape time, whereas strong coupling impeded escape. We argue that, although diffusive coupling both facilitates and impedes escape, the facilitating effect is dominant when coupling is weak. For weak coupling cases, we develop an approximate theory that can predict the mean and variance of escape times. In contrast, strong coupling reduces the effective noise intensity to impede escape. Our results suggest that diffusive coupling among multistable elements contributes to regulating the rate of transitions among attracting states.
Association between household size and risk of incident dementia in the UK Biobank study
Authors: Cong Chao-Hua , Li Pan-Long , Qiao Yuan , Li Yu-Na , Yang Jun-Ting , Zhao Lei , Zhu Xi-Rui , Tian Shan , Cao Shan-Shan , Liu Jian-Ren , Su Jing-Jing 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCurrently, the relationship between household size and incident dementia, along with the underlying neurobiological mechanisms, remains unclear. This prospective cohort study was based on UK Biobank participants aged ≥ 50 years without a history of dementia. The linear and non-linear longitudinal association was assessed using Cox proportional hazards regression and restricted cubic spline models. Additionally, the potential mechanisms driven by brain structures were investigated by linear regression models. We included 275,629 participants (mean age at baseline 60.45 years [SD 5.39]). Over a mean follow-up of 9.5 years, 6031 individuals developed all-cause dementia. Multivariable analyses revealed that smaller household size was associated with an increased risk of all-cause dementia (HR, 1.06; 95% CI 1.02–1.09), vascular dementia (HR, 1.08; 95% CI 1.01–1.15), and non-Alzheimer’s disease non-vascular dementia (HR, 1.09; 95% CI 1.03–1.14). No significant association was observed for Alzheimer’s disease. Restricted cubic splines demonstrated a reversed J-shaped relationship between household size and all-cause and cause-specific dementia. Additionally, substantial associations existed between household size and brain structures. Our findings suggest that small household size is a risk factor for dementia. Additionally, brain structural differences related to household size support these associations. Household size may thus be a potential modifiable risk factor for dementia.
Photobiomodulation on isolated mitochondria at 810 nm: first results on the efficiency of the energy conversion process
Authors: Amaroli Andrea , Clemente Vargas Mario Rene , Pasquale Claudio , Raffetto Mirco , Ravera Silvia 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this paper the photobiomodulation on isolated mitochondria of bovine liver is studied as a thermodynamic process of conversion of energy. This analysis is conducted by considering a particular set-up for the photobiomodulation experiments of interest. It allows, in particular, the computation of the electromagnetic field and the related energetic quantities in the stimulated organelles. The measurements of the excess of biochemical power density produced by the illuminated mitochondria are performed at regular time intervals after the experiments. The calculations and the measurements finally allow us to obtain the first results on the efficiency of the process of conversion of electromagnetic energy into excess of biochemical energy released by the isolated organelles.
Differential gene expression analysis of spatial transcriptomic experiments using spatial mixed models
Authors: Ospina Oscar E. , Soupir Alex C. , Manjarres-Betancur Roberto , Gonzalez-Calderon Guillermo , Yu Xiaoqing , Fridley Brooke L. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSpatial transcriptomics (ST) assays represent a revolution in how the architecture of tissues is studied by allowing for the exploration of cells in their spatial context. A common element in the analysis is delineating tissue domains or “niches” followed by detecting differentially expressed genes to infer the biological identity of the tissue domains or cell types. However, many studies approach differential expression analysis by using statistical approaches often applied in the analysis of non-spatial scRNA data (e.g., two-sample t-tests, Wilcoxon’s rank sum test), hence neglecting the spatial dependency observed in ST data. In this study, we show that applying linear mixed models with spatial correlation structures using spatial random effects effectively accounts for the spatial autocorrelation and reduces inflation of type-I error rate observed in non-spatial based differential expression testing. We also show that spatial linear models with an exponential correlation structure provide a better fit to the ST data as compared to non-spatial models, particularly for spatially resolved technologies that quantify expression at finer scales (i.e., single-cell resolution).
Unravelling social status in the first medieval military order of the Iberian Peninsula using isotope analysis
Authors: Pérez-Ramallo Patxi , Rissech Carme , Lloveras Lluis , Lucas Mary , Urbina Dionisio , Urquijo Catalina , Roberts Patrick 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMedieval Iberia witnessed the complex negotiation of religious, social, and economic identities, including the formation of religious orders that played a major role in border disputes and conflicts. While archival records provide insights into the compositions of these orders, there have been few direct dietary or osteoarchaeological studies to date. Here, we analysed 25 individuals discovered at the Zorita de los Canes Castle church cemetery, Guadalajara, Spain, where members of one of the first religious orders, the Order of Calatrava knights, were buried between the 12th to 15th centuries CE. Stable carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotope analyses of bone collagen reveal dietary patterns typical of the Medieval social elite, with the Bayesian R model, ‘Simmr’ suggesting a diet rich in poultry and marine fish in this inland population. Social comparisons and statistical analyses further support the idea that the order predominantly comprised the lower nobility and urban elite in agreement with historical sources. Our study suggests that while the cemetery primarily served the order's elite, the presence of individuals with diverse dietary patterns may indicate complexities of temporal use or wider social interaction of the medieval military order.
Efficient enzyme-free method to assess the development and maturation of the innate and adaptive immune systems in the mouse colon
Authors: Lassoued Nejia , Yero Alexis , Jenabian Mohammad-Ali , Soret Rodolphe , Pilon Nicolas 
Published: May 2024

AbstractResearchers who aim to globally analyze the gastrointestinal immune system via flow cytometry have many protocol options to choose from, with specifics generally tied to gut wall layers of interest. To get a clearer idea of the approach we should use on full-thickness colon samples from mice, we first undertook a systematic comparison of three tissue dissociation techniques: two based on enzymatic cocktails and the other one based on manual crushing. Using flow cytometry panels of general markers of lymphoid and myeloid cells, we found that the presence of cell-surface markers and relative cell population frequencies were more stable with the mechanical method. Both enzymatic approaches were associated with a marked decrease of several cell-surface markers. Using mechanical dissociation, we then developed two minimally overlapping panels, consisting of a total of 26 antibodies, for serial profiling of lymphoid and myeloid lineages from the mouse colon in greater detail. Here, we highlight how we accurately delineate these populations by manual gating, as well as the reproducibility of our panels on mouse spleen and whole blood. As a proof-of-principle of the usefulness of our general approach, we also report segment- and life stage-specific patterns of immune cell profiles in the colon. Overall, our data indicate that mechanical dissociation is more suitable and efficient than enzymatic methods for recovering immune cells from all colon layers at once. Additionally, our panels will provide researchers with a relatively simple tool for detailed immune cell profiling in the murine gastrointestinal tract, regardless of life stage or experimental conditions.