bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Matrix metalloproteinase expression during blastema formation in regeneration‐competent versus regeneration‐deficient amphibian limbs
Authors: Santosh Neetha , Windsor L. Jack , Mahmoudi Behnaz S. , Li Bingbing , Zhang Weiping , Chernoff Ellen A. , Rao Nandini , Stocum David L. , Song Fengyu 
Published: December 2010

AbstractWe used an antibody array to compare the protein expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)‐1, ‐2, ‐3, ‐8, ‐9, ‐10, and ‐13, as well as the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs)‐1, ‐2, and ‐4 during blastema formation in amputated hindlimbs of regeneration‐competent wild‐type axolotls and stage‐54 Xenopus, and regeneration‐deficient short‐toes axolotls and Xenopus froglets. Expression of MMP‐9 and ‐2 was also compared by zymography. Both short‐toes and froglet failed to up‐regulate MMPs in a pattern comparable to the wild‐type axolotl, suggesting that subnormal histolysis is at least in part responsible for the poor blastema formation characteristic of both short‐toes and froglet. MMP levels were much lower in amputated stage‐54 Xenopus limb buds than in the other animals, suggesting that blastema formation in these limb buds requires much less extracellular matrix degradation than in fully differentiated limbs. TIMP expression patterns followed the same trends as the MMP's in each group of animals. Developmental Dynamics 240:1127–1141, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
BaAnIV(PO4)2 (AnIV = Th, Np) – A New Family of Layered Double Phosphates
Authors: Wallez Gilles , Bregiroux Damien , Popa Karin , Raison Philippe E. , Apostolidis Christos , Lindqvist‐Reis Patric , Konings Rudy J. M. , Popa Aurelian F. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBaTh(PO4)2 has been synthesized by a wet chemistry route and the new isotype BaNp(PO4)2 by solid‐state reaction. Although the former has been the subject of several studies since the early 1980s, the crystal structures of both compounds are reported here for the first time. Rietveld analysis shows Ba layers alternating with An(PO4)2 slabs along the a axis. Although those compounds are isostructural to RbEu(SO4)2, these phosphates can be seen as modified yavapaiite derivatives with increased coordination numbers for Ba (XIV) and Th/Np (VIII). Raman and electron absorption spectra highlight the similarities and differences with chemically related compounds.
Highly Efficient Hydroformylation of 1‐Hexene over an ortho‐Metallated Rhodium(I) Complex Anchored on a 2D‐Hexagonal Mesoporous Material
Authors: Nandi Mahasweta , Mondal Paramita , Islam Manirul , Bhaumik Asim 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe hydroformylation reaction is an important class of reaction as it enhances the carbon chain length of an olefin molecule. RhI complexes are conventionally used as the catalyst for this reaction although they possess severe drawbacks with respect to separation and recycling. A phenyl‐functionalised 2D‐hexagonal mesoporous silica material has been synthesised by a surfactant templating pathway. The phenyl group of this mesoporous material was functionalised through nitration, followed by its reduction to the amine derivative. The amine group was further subjected to Schiff‐base condensation, and the RhI complex was then heterogenised over its surface to yield the ortho‐metallated complex anchored on the mesoporous silica matrix. The materials have been characterised by using powder X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and nitrogen adsorption/desorption studies. The RhI‐loaded mesoporous material acts as a very efficient catalyst for the hydroformylation reaction of 1‐hexene and exhibits high selectivity towards the formation of n‐heptanal at 343 K in the presence of H2/CO at 50 bar pressure.
From Triplesalen to Triplesalophen: Ferromagnetic Interactions through Spin‐Polarization in a Trinuclear NiII Triplesalophen Complex
Authors: Freiherr von Richthofen Carl‐Georg , Stammler Anja , Bögge Hartmut , Glaser Thorsten 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe synthesis and characterization of the ligand triplesalophen is presented. This ligand is the all sp2‐hybridized analogue of the ligand triplesalen, which was designed for the synthesis of single‐molecule magnets with a supramolecular building block approach. The triplesalophen ligand allows the isolation of a trinuclear NiII complex with one square‐planar NiII ion (S = 0) and two paramagnetic octahedral NiII (S = 1) ions. Magnetic measurements demonstrate ferromagnetic interactions in agreement with the spin‐polarization mechanism.
Development of a new enrichment method for simultaneous determination of copper and zinc in water samples
Authors: Ciftci Harun , Tunc Turgay , Tasdemir Ibrahim Hudai , Ciftci Esen 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
In the present study, an enrichment and separation method for the simultaneous determination of trace amounts of Cu and Zn in water samples was developed. Copper and Zn ions found in water matrix in trace amounts were preconcentrated on Duolite XAD 761 resin without using any chelating agent and determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometer (FAAS). Experimental parameters such as pH, concentration of metal ions, amount of resin, and sample volume for quantitative determination of Cu and Zn ions were optimized. The elution process was performed by using 5 ml of 2 mol/L HCl solution. The preconcentration factors for Cu and Zn were found to be 160 and 200, respectively. Under optimized conditions, limit of detection for Cu and Zn were 2.46 and 3.54 µg/L, respectively. The Langmuir adsorption model was applied to describe the equilibrium isotherm. The Langmuir monolayer adsorption capacity of resin was estimated as 31.2 and 17.7 mg/g for Cu and Zn, respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied to determine the Cu and Zn content of various water samples. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011; 30:616–621. © 2010 SETAC
Comparison of aerobic and anaerobic [3H]leucine incorporation assays for determining pollution-induced bacterial community tolerance in copper-polluted, irrigated soils
Authors: Aaen Karoline Nolsø , Holm Peter E , Priemé Anders , Hung Ngoc Ngo , Brandt Kristian Koefoed 
Published: December 2010

AbstractPollution-induced community tolerance (PICT) constitutes a sensitive and ecologically relevant impact parameter in ecotoxicology. We report the development and application of a novel anaerobic [3H]leucine incorporation assay and its comparison with the conventional aerobic [3H]leucine incorporation assay for PICT detection in soil bacterial communities. Selection of bacterial communities was performed over 42 d in bulk soil microcosms (no plants) and in rice (Oryza sativa) rhizosphere soil mesocosms. The following experimental treatments were imposed using a full factorial design: two soil types, two soil water regimes, and four Cu application rates (0, 30, 120, or 280 µg g−1). Bacterial communities in bulk soil microcosms exhibited similar Cu tolerance patterns when assessed by aerobic and anaerobic PICT assays, whereas aerobic microorganisms tended to be more strongly selected for Cu tolerance than anaerobic microorganisms in rhizosphere soil. Despite similar levels of water-extractable Cu, bacterial Cu tolerance was significantly higher in acid sulfate soil than in alluvial soil. Copper amendment selected for significant PICT development in soils subjected to alternate wetting and drying, but not in continuously flooded soils. Our results demonstrate that soil bacterial communities subjected to alternate wetting and drying may be more affected by Cu than bacterial communities subjected to continuous flooding. We conclude that the parallel use of anaerobic and aerobic [3H]leucine PICT assays constitutes a valuable improvement over existing procedures for PICT detection in irrigated soils and other redox gradient environments such as sediments and wetlands. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011; 30:588–595. © 2011 SETAC
Production of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites from a peroxynitrite/iron(III) porphyrin biomimetic model and their mutagenicities
Authors: Luo Yunjing , Dai Jing , Zhong Rugang , She Yuanbin , Liu Rui , Wei Huachen 
Published: December 2010

AbstractSome polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are typical promutagens that require metabolic activation to exhibit their mutagenicities and carcinogenicities. The metabolites of three PAHs, pyrene (PY), fluoranthene (FLU), and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), produced from the peroxynitrite/T(p-Cl)PPFeCl(peroxynitrite/(chloride)iron(III)tetrakis(p-chlorophenyl)porphyrin) system, have been identified with high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electron spray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. The results demonstrated that three major metabolites were the quinone group, OH group, and nitro group. In the Ames test, all three PAH metabolites became mutagenic without using the enzymatic activating system, whereas their parents did not show positive results. Cell transformation assay indicated that 1,3-nitro-BaP and BaP metabolites produced from this biomimetic system have more serious effects in inducing cancer than the BaP parent. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011; 30:723–729. © 2010 SETAC
Detecting backoff misbehaviour in IEEE 802.11 EDCA
Authors: Szott S. , Natkaniec M. , Canonico R. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractIn this paper, we suggest the use of the chi‐square test for detecting backoff misbehaviour in IEEE 802.11 EDCA networks. A performance evaluation is performed to compare the chi‐square test with two other methods, known in the literature. To perform a suitable comparison, these two methods are extended to support EDCA and the BEB mechanism. We assume a misbehaviour model, which can be easily executed by a selfish user. We show that the chi‐square test outperforms the other methods in terms of the probability of misbehaviour detection and time required to positively identify a misbehaving node. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Residual compressive strength of fire‐damaged mortar after post‐fire‐air‐curing
Authors: Karahan Okan 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe effects of cooling regimes and post‐fire‐air‐curing on compressive strength of mortar were investigated. Mortars were made with CEN reference sand, CEM I 42.5 R cement and natural spring water. The sand–cement and water–cement materials' ratios were chosen as 3.0 and 0.50 for all mixtures, respectively. At 28 days, the specimens were heated to maximum temperatures of 400, 600, 800 and 1000°C. Specimens were then allowed to cool in the air, furnace and water. After cooling, the specimens were air‐recured. Compressive strength test was carried out before air‐recuring and after 7 days of air‐recuring. The highest reduction in compressive strength was observed at 1000°C regardless of cooling regime. Gradual cooling regime in air and furnace without post curing showed almost no difference in terms of compressive strength reduction for four elevated temperatures. Shock cooling in water caused significant reduction in compressive strength compared with both gradual cooling regimes without post curing. After air and furnace cooling regimes, 7 days air‐recured specimens showed further reduction in compressive strength for four elevated temperatures. Specimens cooled in water and subjected to 7 days air‐recuring showed significant strength gain approximately 39, 100 and 130% for 400, 600 and 800°C elevated temperature, respectively. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Microglia in the CNS: Immigrants from another world
Authors: Prinz Marco , Mildner Alexander 
Published: December 2010

AbstractMicroglia are immunocompetent cells of the brain that continuously survey their environment with highly motile extensions. Although first described almost a century ago, the developmental origin of microglia is still debated. Besides early myeolomonocytic cell populations that colonize the developing neuroectoderm already during embryogenesis, newly migrated myeloid cells are considered important disease modulators in the adult brain. Thus, understanding the mechanisms of myeloid cell recruitment from the periphery and their development into bone marrow‐derived phagocytes in the adult brain is pivotal for manipulating immune cell entry into the CNS and potentially reducing disease burden. A major question is whether bone marrow‐derived mononuclear phagocytes have similar features and fates as their endogenous counterparts. Significant advances in our understanding of microglia biology under physiological as well as under pathological conditions have been made in the last few years, especially by combining novel gene‐targeting techniques that allow cell manipulation and trafficking analysis. These new aspects will be discussed in the present review. ©2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Signaling through the primary cilium affects glial cell survival under a stressed environment
Authors: Yoshimura Kentaro , Kawate Toyoko , Takeda Sen 
Published: December 2010

AbstractSensing extracellular milieu is a fundamental requirement of cells. To facilitate and specify sensory reception, mammalian cells develop an antenna‐like structure denoted as the primary cilia. Nearly all interphase and nondividing cells in vertebrates have a single, nonmotile seemingly unspecialized cilium (called a primary cilium). In the central nervous system, astrocytes express primary cilia, but their function in astrocytes has not been examined. Recent studies have shown that primary cilia unite receptors and the machinery of signal‐transduction components, such as Wnt and Hedgehog (Hh) signaling cascades. Although, Hh signaling cascades are known to be activated in various cells during development, their physiological functions in the adult nervous system, especially in glial cells, are still unknown. In this study, we reveal that glial primary cilia receive the Hh signal and regulate the survival of astrocytes under stressed conditions such as starvation. Interestingly, increased astrocyte survival was reversed by knockdown of Ift20, which is one of the main components for building primary cilia. These results collectively indicate that the activation of Hh signaling in the primary cilia plays an important role in the survival of astrocytes under stressed conditions. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Differential aminoacylase expression in neuroblastoma
Authors: Long Patrick M. , Stradecki Holly M. , Minturn Jane E. , Wesley Umadevi V. , Jaworski Diane M. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractNeuroblastoma, a cancer of the sympathetic nervous system, is the most common extracranial solid tumor in children. MYCN amplification and increased BDNF/TrkB signaling are features of high‐risk tumors; yet, only ˜25% of malignant tumors display these features. Thus, the identification of additional biomarkers and therapeutic targets is essential. As aminoacylase 1 (ACY1), an amino acid deacetylase, is a putative tumor suppressor in small cell lung and renal cell carcinomas, we investigated whether it or the other family members aspartoacylase (ASPA, aminoacylase 2) or aminoacylase 3 (ACY3) could serve a similar function in neuroblastoma. Aminoacylase expression was examined in TrkB‐positive, MYCN‐amplified (SMS‐KCNR and SK‐N‐BE) and TrkB‐negative, non‐MYCN‐amplified (SK‐N‐AS, SK‐N‐SH, SH‐SY5Y and SH‐EP) neuroblastoma cell lines. Each aminoacylase exhibited distinct spatial localization (i.e., cytosolic ACY1, membrane‐associated ASPA and nuclear ACY3). When SK‐N‐SH cells were treated with neural differentiation agents (e.g., retinoic acid and cAMP) in media containing 10% serum, ACY1 was the only aminoacylase whose expression was upregulated. ASPA was primarily expressed in SH‐EP cells of a glial sublineage. ACY3 was more highly expressed in the TrkB‐positive, MYCN‐amplified lines. All three aminoacylases were expressed in normal human adrenal gland, a common site of neuroblastoma origin, but only ACY1 and ACY3 displayed detectable expression in primary neuroblastoma tumor. Bioinformatics data mining of Kaplan–Meier survival revealed that high ACY3 expression is correlated with poor prognosis, whereas low expression of ACY1 or ASPA is correlated with poor prognosis. These data suggest that aminoacylase expression is dysregulated in neuroblastoma.
Melanocortin 1 receptor and risk of cutaneous melanoma: A meta‐analysis and estimates of population burden
Authors: Williams Patricia F. , Olsen Catherine M. , Hayward Nicholas K. , Whiteman David C. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractPolymorphisms in the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) gene have been associated with increased risks of melanoma, but different approaches to study design, analysis, and reporting have hindered comparisons of findings. We aimed to harmonize the published data by conducting a systematic review and meta‐analysis of MC1R variants and thereby estimate relative risks and population attributable fractions (PAFs). We identified 20 analytic studies reporting on 25 populations, which presented quantitative data on melanoma risks associated with any of nine MC1R variants. We separately pooled estimates of risk per person and risk per chromosome using a random effects model. Red hair color (RHC) variants had the highest risk of melanoma [summary odds ratios (OR) 2.44, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.72–3.45, PAF 16.8% CI 0.119–0.202], but non‐RHC variants were also associated with increased risk (summary OR 1.29, 95% CI 1.10–1.51, PAF 7.4% CI 0.030–0.112). The summary risk of melanoma associated with individual variants ranged from OR 2.40 for R142H to 1.18 for V60L, although significant heterogeneity was evident for most variants. PAFs ranged from 0.55% for I155T to 6.28% for R151C. Our findings suggest the nine most common MC1R variants make a sizeable contribution to the burden of melanoma. Melanoma research would be greatly assisted by standardized classifications for MC1R variants and consistent reporting conventions. More compatible and comparable research would allow for more powerful data that could be clinically applied to predict melanoma risk.
Human leukocyte antigen‐G expression is associated with a poor prognosis in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Lin Aifen , Zhang Xia , Zhou Wen‐Jun , Ruan Yan‐Yun , Xu Dan‐Ping , Wang Qing , Yan Wei‐Hua 
Published: December 2010

AbstractHuman leukocyte antigen (HLA)‐G inhibits functions of immune component cells and promotes malignant cells evading from antitumor immunity. We investigated the clinical relevance of HLA‐G expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). In our study, HLA‐G expression in 79 primary ESCC lesions and corresponding adjacent normal tissues were analyzed with immunohistochemistry. Soluble HLA‐G (sHLA‐G) in plasma was detected with enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 41 ESCC patients (including 19 case‐matched lesions and plasma samples) and in 153 normal healthy controls. HLA‐G expression was observed in 65.8% (52/79) of the ESCC lesions but not in adjacent normal esophageal tissues. HLA‐G expression was more frequently observed in patients with advanced disease stage (III/IV vs. I/II, p = 0.01). Patients with HLA‐G expression had a significantly worse survival, and HLA‐G could be an independent prognostic factor. sHLA‐G levels in plasma were significantly increased in patients compared to normal controls (median: 152.4 U/ml vs. 8.9 U/ml, p < 0.001). The area under receiver‐operating characteristic (ROC) curve for sHLA‐G in plasma was 0.992. However, no significant correlation was found between sHLA‐G in plasma and clinical parameters studied. In conclusion, our findings indicated that HLA‐G expression in ESCC is associated with poor survival and could be a prognostic indicator. Furthermore, increased levels of sHLA‐G in plasma might be a useful preoperative biomarker for diagnosis.
Ag‐bearing liposomes engrafted with peptides that interact with CD11c/CD18 induce potent Ag‐specific and antitumor immunity
Authors: Faham Abdus , Altin Joseph. G. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractDendritic cells (DCs) play key role in eliciting antigen (Ag)‐specific immune responses, and crucial to this is the uptake of Ag via surface receptors including the heterodimeric integrin CD11c/CD18. Here we report that CD11c/CD18‐interacting peptides can be used as targeting moieties to deliver liposomal Ag to antigen presenting cells (APCs) and elicit Ag‐specific and antitumor immunity. Two peptides of sequence related to human ICAM‐4 and previously reported to bind CD11c/CD18, and a 12‐mer cyclic peptide previously identified by phage display to bind CD11c/CD18, were produced synthetically, and tested for their ability to target liposomal Ag. The three peptides were designed to contain a shorter spacer to reduce steric hindrance, and a His‐tag to enable engraftment onto liposomes incorporated with chelator lipid. Our results show that the three peptides, denoted as p17, p18 and p30, promote strong binding of liposomes to CD11c+ and CD11b+ cells in vitro and in vivo. Vaccination of mice with Ag‐bearing liposomes engrafted with the peptides, particularly p18 and p30, induced Ag‐specific T cell priming and antibody production. Importantly, the vaccination of C57BL/6 mice with syngeneic B16‐OVA‐derived plasma membrane vesicles (PMVs) engrafted with p18 and p30 peptide showed dramatic antitumor responses, inhibiting tumor growth/metastasis in both the lung and subcutaneous tumor models, with a high proportion of the mice apparently being “cured” of their tumors. The engraftment of p18 and p30 peptides onto liposomes and PMVs, thus provides an effective means to target Ags to DCs in vivo, for the development of effective cancer vaccines and immunotherapies.
Anti‐stromal therapy with imatinib inhibits growth and metastasis of gastric carcinoma in an orthotopic nude mouse model
Authors: Sumida Tomonori , Kitadai Yasuhiko , Shinagawa Kei , Tanaka Miwako , Kodama Michiyo , Ohnishi Mayu , Ohara Eiji , Tanaka Shinji , Yasui Wataru , Chayama Kazuaki 
Published: December 2010

AbstractRecent studies have revealed that platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF) plays a role in promoting progressive tumor growth in several organs; however, whether PDGF plays such a role in gastric carcinoma is undetermined. We examined whether inhibition of PDGF receptor (PDGF‐R) tyrosine kinase signaling by imatinib affects tumor growth and metastasis in an orthotopic nude mouse model of human gastric carcinoma. TMK‐1 human gastric carcinoma cells were injected into the gastric wall of nude mice. Groups of mice (n = 10 each) received sterile water (control), low‐dose imatinib (50 mg/kg/day), high‐dose imatinib (200 mg/kg/day), cancer chemotherapeutic agent irinotecan (5 mg/kg/week), or imatinib (50 mg/kg/day or 200 mg/kg/day) and irinotecan (5 mg/kg/week) in combination for 28 days. Tumor growth and metastasis were assessed. Resected tumors were analyzed immunohistochemically. Carcinoma‐associated fibroblasts, pericytes and lymphatic endothelial cells in stroma expressed high levels of PDGF‐R; carcinoma cells did not. Treatment with imatinib alone did not inhibit tumor growth and metastasis; however, treatment with irinotecan alone or combined with imatinib significantly inhibited tumor growth. Only treatment with high‐dose imatinib and irinotecan in combination inhibited lymph node and peritoneal metastases. Immunohistochemically, only imatinib alone or in combination with irinotecan was shown to significantly decrease the stromal reaction, microvessel area and pericyte coverage of tumor microvessels. These effects were marked with high‐dose imatinib. In conclusion, administration of PDGF‐R tyrosine kinase inhibitor in combination with irinotecan appears to impair the progressive growth of gastric carcinoma by blockade of PDGF‐R signaling pathways in stromal cells.