bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of coda waves for the study of microearthquake source mechanism
Authors: Aki Keiiti 
Published: October 2011

A method was devised to extract useful information about the earthquake source from the coda of local small earthquakes. The method is based on the assumption that the power spectrum of coda waves of a local earthquake is only a function of time measured from the earthquake origin time and is independent of distance and details of wave path to the station. Evidence supporting this assumption is presented using the data on aftershocks of the Parkfield earthquakes of June 28, 1966. A simple statistical model of the wave medium, which accounts for the observations on the coda, is proposed. By applying the method to many Parkfield aftershocks, the relation between the seismic moment Mo and local magnitude ML is determined aslog Mo (dyne cm) = 15.8 + 1.5MLThe size of a microearthquake with magnitude zero is estimated as 10m×10m.
A property of minor shocks going ahead of large earthquakes
Authors: Watanabe Hikaru 
Published: October 2011

Introduction. Since about 1950, we have become aware that ‘twin earthquakes’ were occurring in and near the Kinki District, Central Japan, especially in the vicinity of the coastline of the Sea of Japan. They were tentatively called twin earthquakes, however, only because two major shocks occurred in a small area successively within a short time interval, say, several months or about a year.The prominent one among them was the Tottori earthquake of magnitude 7.3, which occurred in September 1943 and was large enough to be felt all over Central Japan. Prior to this, major shocks of M:6.4 had taken place at the same area in March 1943. Another example of the twin earthquakes might be the couple of the Tango earthquake (M:7.4, 1927) and the Tajima earthquake (M:7.0, 1925), which occurred close to each other in the north of the Kinki District. To our regret, we have no recording of minor shocks that might have occurred previous to or between these major shocks because a network of observation stations with highly sensitive seismographs had not been set up as yet near the hypocenters.
Spectra of earthquake time series
Authors: Haubrich Richard A. 
Published: October 2011

An earthquake time series consists of the (possibly weighted) number of events of a given class of earthquakes per unit time as a function of time. The spectrum of a single earthquake time series and the cross spectrum between different series determine the usefulness of past events in predicting future ones. The spectra of earthquakes might also shed light on the possible triggering of earthquakes by such things as tidal potential changes and other earthquakes.Much of the past work on earthquake time series has dealt with seeking significant periodicities in the data. In most cases [Davidson, 1938] significance tests have failed to take into account the correlation between events that result from the aftershock phenomena. In the spectral domain, nonrandom bunching of events due to aftershocks results in a nonwhite spectrum.
Awards presented at Fiftieth Annual Meeting
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Walter B. Langbein, Senior Research Hydrologist of the United States Geological Survey, has made a most distinguished record as an original and innovative worker in the earth sciences. In the large and diverse group of men who know him and his work, Langbein is considered one of the great hydrologists of his time.If one considers the range and depth of his contributions to a number of specialized aspects of water science, these estimates of his ability can be appreciated. No other hydrologist has made original contributions in such diverse fields as floods and flood hydrology, unit hydrography, soil temperature, lake and river sedimentation, the water balance of closed lakes, evaporation, reservoir storage, navigability of waterways, velocity gradients in conduits, river meanders, hydraulic geometry of channels, kinematic waves in river bed materials, and base level in physiography, to name merely a few important areas
Scientific translations: The President's Page
Authors: Landsberg Helmut E. 
Published: October 2011

One of the unfortunate victims of nineteenth century nationalism was the common language for scientific publication. Up to that time Latin had continued as a lingua franca among scientists. But the competition of local academies, sponsored by princes jealous of each other, led eventually to the use of the vernacular for scientific communication.Yet in the interval up to World War I it developed that most scientific work was concentrated in a few major nations and publications were over 90 per cent in English, French, and German. The universal language of diplomacy was French and it was adopted by some of the important scientific bodies in countries with other, particularly, Slavic tongues as the medium for their scientific communications. Most notable among these was the Imperial Russian Academy of Sciences in what was then St. Petersburg.
Gravity investigation of the Elk Hills (U. S. Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 1), California
Authors: Corbató Charles E. 
Published: October 2011

As part of a study by the U.S. Geological Survey of the geology and geophysics of the Elk Hills oil field (U.S. Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 1), a detailed gravity survey is being conducted over the area of the known hydrocarbon reservoirs and the surrounding region. An extremely accurate survey is being conducted to use the results for isolation of small anomalies that are possibly attributable to accumulations of petroleum and natural gas [McCulloh, 1967].An initial survey of 615 stations is completed over 250 km2 centered on the west half of the Reserve (Figure 1). A similar survey, with an additional 600 stations planned, is in progress for an area of about 260 km2 over the eastern portion of the reserve. Elevations are known to the closest ±3 cm and horizontal positions to ±15 meters. Measurements of gravity at the surface appear to be reliable to ±0.01 mgal. The entire network of gravity stations is tied to stations 268 of Chapman [1966] in the town of McKittrick.
Oceanic and continental gravity investigations by Oregon State University
Authors: Couch R. W. , Heinrichs D. F. 
Published: October 2011

Since 1962 the Department of Oceanography, Oregon State University, has obtained gravity measurements in the Hawaiian and Aleutian archipelagoes, along the continental margin of North America from San Francisco Bay, California, to Cape Spencer, Alaska, and in Oregon. From 1963 through 1968 approximately 37,000 measurements were made in the regions delineated in Figure 1. These measurements provided the basis for the construction of gravity anomaly maps and studies of selected crustal and subcrustal structures.Underwater gravity meter measurements were used in 1962 to establish a near‐shore marine gravity range along the northcentral Oregon Coast near Newport, Oregon [Rinehart and Berg, 1963]. The marine gravity range provides a gravity difference of approximately 60 mgal and an accuracy of 1 mgal with a 90% level of confidence. Traverses of the Newport gravity range were made at the beginning and end of all surface ship gravity surveys of the Department of Oceanography. Estimates of the uncertainty in surface ship gravity measurements due to meter nonlinearity and sea state and navigation quality were obtained from data collected over the marine gravity range and off Oregon and Northern California [Dehlinger, 1964a; Dehlinger et al., 1966a].
International Seminar for Hydrology Professors
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The International Seminar for Hydrology Professors (ISHP), the first of its kind in the United States, was held at the University of Illinois, Urbana, from July 13 to 25, 1969. The seminar was attended by 133 participants from 20 countries and from 35 of the 50 United States. In addition, many faculty members of the University of Illinois audited various sessions without direct participation.The principal objectives of the seminar were to acquaint professors of hydrology and related subjects with new technical developments related to hydrology, to examine the current status and needs in hydrological education, and to explore new directions for hydrological teaching and research. The seminar was directed by Ven Te Chow, Professor of Hydraulic Engineering, University of Illinois.
International Field Year for the Great Lakes
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Coordination. The Canadian and United States activities in the International Field Year for the Great Lakes are now coordinated through two full time national coordinators who together coordinate the binational Field Year activities, and individually coordinate activities in their respective countries.Stanley J. Bolsenga, the U.S. Coordinator, is with the Corps of Engineers Great Lakes Research Center at the U.S. Lake Survey in Detroit, Michigan. Joseph MacDowall, the Canadian Coordinator, is at the Canada Centre of Inland Waters at Burlington, Ontario. The two men are in close contact by telephone and through personal meetings.
Recent foreign reports available on loan
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

AustraliaAustralian‐Unesco Committee for the IHD, 1968, Australian Activities in hydrology (Rev. Ed.); Pt. 1, Australia, 163 pp.; Pt. 2, Territory of Papua and New Guinea, 23 pp., 5 maps; Pt. 3, Antarctica, 14 pp., 1 map.Australian Water Resources Council, 1969, Water Resources Newsletter No. 12—June 1969; Dept. of Natl. Development, Canberra, Australia, 70 pp.
IHD Mid‐Decade Conference Report: Mid‐Decade Conference, December 8”16 1969; Fifth Session, IHD Coordinating Council, December 17”19, 1969; Paris, France
Authors: Heindl L. A. 
Published: October 2011

The Mid‐Decade Conference met to review work accomplished during the first half of the Decade, to make recommendations regarding the program during the last half of the Decade, and to exchange views regarding international hydrology beyond the Decade—beginning January 1, 1975.Seventy‐one of the 105 nations participating in the IHD program were represented, plus observers from four other states, 7 intergovernmental organizations and 18 nongovernmental agencies. The consensus was that progress in education, extent of networks, and research had been made under the IHD. A 620‐page compendium summarized country activities in 60‐odd IHD projects and included numerous reports by international organizations on what they had contributed.
IFYGL brochure
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

A 12‐page, folded letter‐size brochure describing the International Field Year on the Great Lakes has been produced by the office of the U.S. National Committee for the IHD and is available in quantity.The brochure is aimed specifically at informing potential participants in the Field Year of the purposes, organizations, facilities, and plans of the program. It was produced with the help of the coordinators, Joseph MacDowall and Stanley Bolsenga.
U.S. scientists study development on Earth's oceanic features
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

In August U.S. Oceanographers conducted a marine geophysical study around a group of islands off the west coast of Africa in search of solutions to the geologic puzzle of how the earth's oceanic features develop.The study was centered on the Cape Verde Islands, situated in the North Atlantic 330 miles west of Dakar, Senegal. Scientists have found that the islands contain ancient sedimentary rocks 150 million years old that may represent uplifted fragments of old sea floor or material of continental origin, possibly from West Africa.
Geodetic link between Canada and U.S.
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

A two‐year program to complete a highly accurate geodetic survey linking Canada with Alaska and the lower 48 states was announced in July.The U. S.—Canadian satellite triangulation program was initiated in 1964 using the balloon satellites Echo 1 and Echo 2 but was suspended in 1966 when the successful launching of the satellite PAGEOS signaled the start of the worldwide satellite program.
Notes and commentary
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Charles E. Downs has joined the Secretariat of the U.S. National Committee for the IHD as a Staff Associate. In this capacity, he will work directly with the Executive Secretary in support of U.S. Decade activities.Downs is a native of Arizona and received a B.S. degree in hydrology from the University of Arizona in 1967. In 1968 Stanford University granted him an M.S. degree in civil engineering with emphasis in water resources planning and development, hydrology, water quality, and nuclear civil engineering.
USNC/URSI‐IEEE Call for Papers
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The 1971 USNC/URSI‐IEEE Spring Meeting will be held April 8–10,1971, at the Statler Hilton Hotel in Washington, D.C.The meeting will be held in cooperation with the following IEEE Groups: Antennas and Propagation, Circuit Theory, Geoscience Electronics, Information Theory, Instrumentation and Measurement, and Microwave Theory and Techniques.
International Symposium on Hydrometry
Authors: Smoot George F. 
Published: October 2011

Approximately 520 engineers and scientists from 55 countries attended the International Symposium on Hydrometry held at Koblenz, Federal Republic of Germany, from September 13 through 22, 1970. The symposium was convened by Uhesco and organized in cooperation with the World Meteorological Organizations (WMO), Unesco, the National Committee for the International Hydrological Decade of the Federal Republic of Germany, and the International Association of Scientific Hydrology (IASH). The symposium was organized within the framework of the International Hydrological Decade (IHD).After a welcoming speech by J. Wallner, Chairman of the Organizing Committee, the opening address was presented by S. Dumitrescu, the representative of Unesco. Introductory statements were then delivered by T. Palas, the representative of WMO; by L.J. Tison, the representative of IASH; and by K. Wittock, the representative of the Government of the Federal Republic of Germany.
Advance U.S. Oceanographic Survey Vessel Commissioned in October
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Ship Researcher, the first of a new class of scientific survey vessels developed for full‐range oceanographic investigations on the high seas and the continental shelves, was commissioned in October in Miami.The nine‐million‐dollar floating laboratory is electronically equipped to probe the ocean's deepest regions. When fully operational, the Researcher will carry the most advanced data acquisition system ever placed aboard an oceanographic vessel. The heart of the $750,000 system is a computer with a capacity of 100,000 arithmetic calculations per second, sufficient to enable it to automatically sample, process, and record oceanographic, geophysical, hydrographic, and meteorological data.
Six universities elected to UCAR membership
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Purdue University, the California Institute of Technology, McGill University, the University of Nevada, Oregon State University, and Utah State University have been elected to membership in the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research, bringing the total number of UCAR members to 37.McGill University of Montreal, Canada, is the second university to be elected to international membership in UCAR International members are elected after an invitation to join has been extended by UCAR, and they must meet the same criteria for membership as U.S. members.
New NSF director
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

President Nixon has announced his intention to nominate H. Guyford Stever as the Director of the National Science Foundation. He will succeed William D. McElroy whose resignation was accepted by the President in July of this year to be effective February 1, 1972.Stever is President of Carnegie‐Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He became President of the university, which was at that time the Carnegie Institute of Technology in February 19655, after more than twenty years on the faculty of Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Notes and commentary
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The Canadian National Committee for the IHD has issued its progress report for 1970, summarizing work carried out in the 1970 field season as reported by project coordinators.The 199‐page book is organized into five major sections: basic data; inventories and water balance; research; education and training; and exchange of information. Two appendices list IHD projects completed in 1969 and 1970; a third contains an index of coordinators and authors for each project.
Scientists finds DDT and other pollutants in Atlantic plants and animals
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Scientists have found concentrations of DDT in most specimens, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) in practically all specimens of plants and animals they collected on extensive cruises throughout the Atlantic Ocean.The cruises, by vessels of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, were part of the continuing United States program for the International Decade of Ocean Exploration. Scientists aboard the vessels were conducting projects designed to obtain baseline data for the study of marine pollution as part of the Environmental Quality Program of the IDOE.
Research positions for university visitors at LSI
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The Lunar Science Institute, a center for advanced research on lunar studies, has a number of openings available for Visiting Scientists and Visiting Graduate Fellows. With prior notice, the institute can help arrange access to the lunar data and research capabilities available at the neighboring NASA Manned Spacecraft Center. A small staff of resident scientists provides continuity to the institute programs and assists Visiting Scientists in obtaining access to and using MSC facilities.Programs currently under way include not only geophysical research on lunar samples, but also analysis of the lunar photos obtained from lunar orbit, lunar surface morphology, genesis of the moon, terrestrial geology and geophysics, planetology, and magnetospheric and plasma physics.
IFYGL radar network to measure Ontario watershed rainfall
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Rainfall over Lake Ontario and its basin will be measured more accurately than ever before by a special radar system which, together with a back‐up rain‐gage network, is now in full operation for the International Field Year for the Great Lakes (IFYGL).U.S. radars located at Buffalo and Oswego, New York, will be tied in with a Canadian radar near Toronto (Woodbridge, Ontario) to cover the entire lake watershed. The Buffalo radar is operated by the National Weather Service of NOAA and has been specially instrumented to undertake this project. At the other end of the lake, a new radar has been erected about eight miles south of Oswego, and is operated by State University of New York at Oswego under contract to NOAA.
The President's Page: State of the Union
Authors: Abelson Philip H. 
Published: October 2011

The American Geophysical Union has been one of the most effective of scientific organizations. It has earned and maintained the warm affection of its members, who in turn have served it well. Alert to new trends and flexible, the Union has accommodated and welcomed new developing subdisciplines while ministering to the needs of established fields.Holding the Union together has been no small task. In any scientific organization there are splitters and uniters, and all too often the splitters go their way. The Union has been fortunate in producing leaders who have worked patiently and skillfully for the common good. In their efforts they have had favorable factors working for them. Geophysics has been an exciting, evolving science with interesting new developments occurring frequently. The activities of the various Sections and the interests of geophysicists overlap in many ways. From the standpoint of intellectual content and economy of effort, an umbrella organization for all aspects of geophysics makes good sense. Other factors tending to strengthen the Union have included its organizational structure and modes of operation.
Title II water resources research program
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Secretary of the Interior Rogers C.B. Morton recently announced the selection of 56 research projects for the fiscal year 1973 water research program authorized under Title II of the Water Resources Research Act of 1964.In announcing the selection of the 56 water resources research projects, Morton cited, "The series of recent tragic events triggered by torrential rainfalls in California, South Dakota, West Virginia, and along the eastern seaboard," as evidence of the destructive capabilities of nature.
Foreign Area Fellowship Program
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The Foreign Area Fellowship Program is inviting applications for its annual fellowship competition for the 1973–1974 academic year.The Program provides support to advanced doctoral candidates at U.S. and Canadian universities for dissertation research in Africa, the Near East, East, South and Southeast Asia, Western Europe, Latin America, and the Caribbean. The Latin American and the Caribbean program also offers postdoctoral individual and collaborative research grants, professional internships, predoctoral summer training fellowships and other appointments.
Project Stormfury hurricane seeding plans
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Project Stormfury hurricane research and modification plans for 1972 were announced recently. The project will be in effect through October 31, awaiting the opportunity to seed hurricanes in an attempt to diminish their force.Project Stormfury is a joint Department of Commerce/Department of Defense program of scientific experiments to explore the nature of tropical storms and hurricanes, and to investigate the possibility of modifying them. Gulf of Mexico, when the probability is small that the hurricane center will come within 50 miles of a populated area within 18 hours after seeding.
Zambia awards contract for minerals survey
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

K.C.M. Nyalugwe, Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Mines and Mining Development of the Republic of Zambia, recently announced the award of a contract for a 500,000‐square‐kilometer airborne magnetic and gamma ray survey for geological mapping. The contract was awarded to GeoMetrics, an international geophysical instrument and services company with headquarters in Palo Alto, California.The contract covers an aerial survey program for the Geological Survey of Zambia. GeoMetrics will collect aeromagnetic and airborne gamma ray spectrometer data in digital form over the entire central African nation. The data will be computer processed and mapped by GeoMetrics, and the results will be integrated with data from Zambia's countrywide geochemical and geological mapping program.
Las Vegas laboratory designated as National Environmental Research Center
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The Environmental Protection Agency's Western Environmental Research Laboratory in Las Vegas, Nevada, has been designated as the Agency's fourth National Environmental Research Center. It will be concerned with environmental monitoring.The Las Vegas Center was founded in 1959 as a radiological health laboratory of the U.S. Public Health Service. Throughout its history it has developed and used new techniques for monitoring and sampling radioactive pollutants in the environment. In December 1970 it was made a part of the newly created Environmental Protection Agency and was soon incorporated into the EPA's Office of Research and Monitoring, being renamed the Western Environmental Research Laboratory.