bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Architecture and facies differentiation within a Middle Miocene carbonate platform, Ermenek, Mut Basin, southern Turkey
Authors: Janson X. , Van Buchem F. S. P. , Dromart G. , Eichenseer H. T. , Dellamonica X. , Boichard R. , Bonnaffe F. , Eberli G. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
In south-central Turkey, a carbonate platform system of early middle Miocene age is exposed in three-dimensional outcrops displaying a rich variety of carbonate facies associated with exceptionally well-preserved depositional geometries. This paper presents a detailed reconstruction of the geometries and facies organization across the prograding margin of one intra-platform carbonate bank that grew during the Langhian on the Ermenek Platform. The total thickness of the margin is approximately 250 m, and it has prograded over a distance of 1.2 km. The geometrical pattern shows an alternation between sigmoid, sigmoid-oblique, and oblique accretionary units at different scales.
Based on the facies distribution and the geometrical framework two large-scale depositional sequences and eight medium-scale depositional sequences were defined. The general evolution from a low-angle shelf geometry to a prograding flat-topped platform was associated with an evolution from oligophotic-dominated carbonate producers, such as large benthic foraminifera, molluscs, echinoderms, red algae and bryozoans at the base, to mesophotic and euphotic carbonate producer organisms, such as corals, red algae and porcellaneous small benthic foraminifera at the top. The eight medium cycles were defined primarily using the depositional geometries, since facies changes were observed only locally within these cycles. Several mechanisms influenced the stratigraphic architecture of this margin: (1) eustatic sea-level controlled the overall transgressive-regressive Langhian sequence, and two superposed large-scale sequences. Medium cycles were probably also influenced by higher frequency sea-level fluctuations; (b) climate change probably influenced the overall evolution of the faunal assemblage; and (c) antecedent topography determined the overall architecture of a shelf bordering a deeper basin.
Meteoric diagenesis in carbonates below karst unconformities: heterogeneity and control factors
Authors: Weidlich O. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
The combination of sedimentological and diagenetic data is important for the characterization of carbonate pore systems. This is particularly true for carbonates that were affected by meteoric diagenesis during sub-aerial exposure, for instance at sea-level lowstands. This diagenetic environment is commonly believed to be associated with increases in porosity, permeability and pore-throat diameters. Using data from three localities, improvement or deterioration of reservoir parameters below karst unconformities were analysed with a three-fold approach. In the first step, meteoric dissolution was characterized and early to late diagenetic products were described. In the second step, sedimentological and diagenetic data were converted to petrophysical data. In the third step, modelled climate data, in particular the occurrence of monsoon cells, in conjunction with other control mechanisms, were considered to understand the processes that controlled meteoric dissolution and later pore infill.
Three case studies were analysed: (1) Lower Triassic oolites (sedimentary rocks dominated by ooids) and microbialites of the Calvörde Formation (Buntsandstein Group, Germany); (2) stacked shallowing-upward cycles of carbonate platform deposits in the Middle–Upper Triassic Mahil Formation (Arabian plate, Oman), capped by palaeosols; and (3) an Upper Triassic coral patch reef and overlying strata (Adnet, Salzburg region, Austria). Data integration allowed the establishment of three scenarios of significantly different processes related to meteoric diagenesis below unconformities: (1) increase of porosity and permeability and their preservation through time; (2) increase of porosity and permeability and subsequent pore system occlusion; and (3) decrease of porosity and permeability and creation of a barrier for pore fluids. Knowledge of the time span involved in meteoric diagenesis and the nature of the climatic regime helped to explain the origins and control mechanisms of the meteoric pore systems. The study provided evidence that a well-connected, large karst system, typical of a humid climate, is likely to be sealed subsequently by sediment and cement. Under arid climatic conditions, tight palaeosols developed at the unconformity and small karst pore systems developed which had the potential to remain open during basin evolution. Depending on the aforementioned parameters, carbonates affected by meteoric diagenesis may either become tight rocks or reservoirs.
Stratigraphic architecture and fracture-controlled dolomitization of the Cretaceous Khami and Bangestan groups: an outcrop case study, Zagros Mountains, Iran
Authors: Sharp I. , Gillespie P. , Morsalnezhad D. , Taberner C. , Karpuz R. , Vergés J. , Horbury A. , Pickard N. , Garland J. , Hunt D. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract

The Barremian–Aptian upper Khami Group and Albian–Campanian Bangestan Group have been studied at outcrop in Lurestan, SW Iran. The upper Khami Group comprises a thin deltaic wedge (Gadvan Fm) transgressively overlain by shelfal carbonates (Dariyan Fm). The Dariyan Fm can be divided into lower and upper units separated by a major intra-Aptian fracture-controlled karst. The top of the Daryian Fm is capped by the Arabian plate-wide Aptian–Albian unconformity. The overlying Bangestan Group includes the Kazhdumi, Sarvak, Surgah and Ilam formations. The Kazhdumi Fm represents a mixed carbonate-clastic intrashelf basin succession, and passes laterally (towards the NE) into a low-angle
Orbitolina-
dominated muddy carbonate ramp/shoal (Mauddud Mbr). The Mauddud Mbr is capped by an angular unconformity and karst of latest Albian–earliest Cenomanian age. The overlying Sarvak Fm comprises both low-angle ramp and steeper dipping (5–10°) carbonate shelf/platform systems. Three regionally extensive karst surfaces are developed in the latest Cenomanian–Turonian interval of the Sarvak Fm, and are interpreted to be related to flexure of the Arabian plate margin due to the initiation of intra-oceanic deformation. The Surgah and Ilam Fm represent clastic and muddy carbonate ramp depositional systems respectively.

Both The Khami and Bangestan groups have been affected by spectacularly exposed fracture-controlled dolomitization. Dolomite bodies are 100 m to several km in width, have plume-like geometry, with both fracture (fault/joint) and gradational diagenetic contacts with undolomitized country rock. Sheets of dolomite extend away from dolomite bodies along steeply dipping fault/joint zones, and as strata-bound bodies preferentially following specific depositional/diagenetic facies or stratal surfaces. There is a close link between primary depositional architecture/facies and secondary dolomitization. Vertical barriers to dolomitization are low permeability mudstones, below which dolomitizing fluids moved laterally. Where these barriers are cut by faults and fracture corridors, dolomitization can be observed to have advanced upwards, indicating that faults and joints were fluid migration conduits.
Comparisons to Jurassic–Cenozoic dolomites elsewhere in Iran, Palaeozoic dolomites of North America and Neogene dolomites of the Gulf of Suez indicate striking textural, paragenetic and outcrop-scale similarities. These data imply a common fracture-controlled dolomitization process is applicable regardless of tectonic setting (compressional, transtensional and extensional).
Depositional sequences and palynology of Triassic carbonate-evaporite platform deposits in the Palmyrides, Syria
Authors: Lučić D. , Ivkoviċ Z. , Foršek G. , Takač D. , Bubniċ J. , Koch G. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
This paper describes the results of new stratigraphic correlations and petroleum systems analyses of the Triassic deposits in the Syrian Palmyrides. The correlations are based on well data and new palynological work which reconcile previous lithological and stratigraphic miscorrelations of Triassic sequences from this region. The sequences are subdivided into four Megacycles, which are directly related to the key elements of the petroleum systems of the Palmyrides. The hydrocarbon discoveries within these systems, the fluid contacts and hydrodynamics are explained with reference to the Megacycle subdivision. This subdivision is applied on a regional scale and is used to define the distribution of reservoir seal pairs for volumetric estimations.
Sequence stratigraphy of Cenomanian–Turonian carbonate platform margins (Sarvak Formation) in the High Zagros, SW Iran: an outcrop reference model for the Arabian Plate
Authors: Razin P. , Taati F. , van Buchem F. S. P. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
A high resolution sequence stratigraphic model has been constructed for the mid-Cretaceous Sarvak Formation (in the High Zagros region of SW Iran) which was deposited close to the eastern margin of the Arabian Plate. The exceptional outcrop quality, displaying the detailed facies patterns in the transition zone from carbonate platform to intra-shelf basin, offers the rare opportunity to distinguish between the relative control of carbonate sediment supply (S) and accommodation (A) on the depositional geometries of third- and fourth-order depositional sequences.
Four third-order sequences have been distinguished in the Sarvak Formation, with a duration varying between 1.5 and 3 Ma, and a thickness of 50–150 m. These are in turn composed of fourth- and fifth-order sequences that form the stratigraphic building blocks of this carbonate system. A significant distinction has been made in the third-order sequences between the early transgression (e-TST) when the system was still flat, and corresponds to a ramp setting, and the late transgression (l-TST) when the carbonate platform to intra-shelf basin topography was created. The rate of accommodation creation is identified as the dominant factor controlling the morphology of the depositional profile, and, as such, the driving motor behind the dynamics of this type of carbonate system. The dip angle of the depositional profile has a major influence on: (1) the hydrodynamics of the system; (2) the type of carbonate sediment; and (3) the volume of carbonate sediment produced. A good correlation with the third-order sequences of the Natih Formation in Oman is demonstrated, which supports a dominant control by eustatic sea-level changes and a similar response of the carbonate system to changes in the rate of sea-level rise on the southern part of the Arabian Plate.
This outcrop analogue can be considered as a good reference model for the Cenomanian–Turonian carbonate platform margins of the Arabian Plate, but also as a textbook example of the response of carbonate systems to sea-level fluctuations (relative influence of accommodation and sediment supply).
A Version of Hilbert's 13th Problem for Infinitely Differentiable Functions
Authors: Akashi Shigeo , Kodama Satoshi 
Published: April 2010

AbstractIn 1957, Kolmogorov and Arnold gave a solution to the 13th problem which had been formulated by Hilbert in 1900. Actually, it is known that there exist many open problems which can be derived from the original problem. From the function-theoretic point of view, Hilbert's 13th problem can be exactly characterized as the superposition representability problem for continuous functions of several variables. In this paper, the solution to the superposition representability problem for infinitely differentiable functions of several variables is given.
Is achievement of short-term goals a valid measure of patient progress in inpatient neurological rehabilitation?
Authors: Black Susan Jane , Brock Kim Alison , Kennedy Genevieve , Mackenzie Meaghan 
Published: April 2010

Objective: To determine whether the use of short-term goal setting is effective in monitoring patient progress, with regard to achievement of rehabilitation goals for discharge and predicted length of hospital stay. Design: A prospective observational cohort study. Setting: An inpatient rehabilitation unit co-located with a large tertiary teaching hospital. Subjects: Consecutive cases admitted to rehabilitation with a neurological condition and a planned length of stay of three weeks or longer. Procedure: Discharge and short-term goals and predicted length were set in the initial team meeting. Goals were set, and achievement scored, in the domains of health, social functioning, communication and cognition, mobility and activities of daily living (ADLs) and a composite goal of global function. Actual length of stay and discharge destination were recorded. Results: Data from 53 consecutive cases were examined, with 45 cases returning home. The median length of stay was 49 days (interquartile (IQ) 30—74). Significant correlations (P<0.05) were demonstrated between short-term goal achievement and discharge goals for continence (ρ = 0.62), transfers (ρ = 0.53), personal activities of daily living (ρ = 0.47) and global function (ρ = 0.62). For those that returned home, there were significant correlations (P<0.05) between adherence to predicted length of stay and achieving their initial goals in transfers (ρ = 0.44), walking (ρ = 0.51) and global function (ρ = 0.55). Conclusion: Short-term goal setting is a valid measure of patient progress in inpatient neurological rehabilitation and can be used to identify patients who are not progressing as anticipated, facilitating review of the rehabilitation plan.
The IgG-specific endoglycosidase EndoS inhibits both cellular and complement-mediated autoimmune hemolysis
Authors: Allhorn Maria , Briceño Juana G. , Baudino Lucie , Lood Christian , Olsson Martin L. , Izui Shozo , Collin Mattias 
Published: April 2010

AbstractEndoS from Streptococcus pyogenes is an immunomodulating enzyme that specifically hydrolyzes glycans from human immunoglobulin G and thereby affects antibody effector functions. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia is caused by antibody-mediated red blood cell (RBC) destruction and often resists treatment with corticosteroids that also cause frequent adverse effects. We show here that anti-RhD (anti-D) and rabbit anti–human-RBC antibodies (anti-RBC) mediated destruction of RBC, ie, phagocytosis, complement activation, and hemolysis in vitro and in vivo was inhibited by EndoS. Phagocytosis by monocytes in vitro was inhibited by pretreatment of anti-D with EndoS before sensitization of RBCs and abrogated by direct addition of EndoS to blood containing sensitized RBCs. The toxic effects of monocytes stimulated with anti-D–sensitized RBCs, as measured by interleukin-8 secretion and oxygen metabolite production, was restrained by EndoS. Agglutination of RBCs and complement-mediated hemolysis in vitro in whole human blood caused by rabbit anti-RBCs was inhibited by EndoS. Development of anemia in mice caused by a murine anti-RBC immunoglobulin G2a monoclonal autoantibody and complement activation and erythrophagocytosis by Kupffer cells in the liver were reduced by EndoS. Our data indicate that EndoS is a potential therapeutic agent that might be evaluated as an alternative to current treatment regimens against antibody-mediated destruction of RBCs.
Bax Inhibitor-1 down-regulation in the progression of chronic liver diseases
Authors: Kotsafti Andromachi , Farinati Fabio , Cardin Romilda , Burra Patrizia , Bortolami Marina 
Published: April 2010

AbstractBackgroundBax inhibitor-1 (BI-1) is an evolutionary conserved endoplasmic reticulum protein that, when overexpressed in mammalian cells, suppresses the apoptosis induced by Bax, a pro-apoptotic member of the Bcl-2 family. The aims of this study were: (1) to clarify the role of intrinsic anti- and pro-apoptotic mediators, evaluating Bax and BI-1 mRNA and protein expressions in liver tissues from patients with different degrees of liver damage; (2) to determine whether HCV and HBV infections modulate said expression.MethodsWe examined 62 patients: 39 with chronic hepatitis (CH) (31 HCV-related and 8 HBV-related); 7 with cirrhosis (6 HCV-related and 1 HBV-related); 13 with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) [7 in viral cirrhosis (6 HCV- and 1 HBV-related), 6 in non-viral cirrhosis]; and 3 controls. Bax and BI-1 mRNAs were quantified by real-time PCR, and BI-1 protein expression by Western blot.ResultsCH tissues expressed significantly higher BI-1 mRNA levels than cirrhotic tissues surrounding HCC (P < 0.0001) or HCC (P < 0.0001). Significantly higher Bax transcripts were observed in HCV-genotype-1-related than in HCV-genotype-3-related CH (P = 0.033). A positive correlation emerged between BI-1 and Bax transcripts in CH tissues, even when HCV-related CH and HCV-genotype-1-related CH were considered alone (P = 0.0007, P = 0.0005 and P = 0.0017, respectively).ConclusionsBI-1 expression is down-regulated as liver damage progresses. The high BI-1 mRNAs levels observed in early liver disease may protect virus-infected cells against apoptosis, while their progressive downregulation may facilitate hepatocellular carcinogenesis. HCV genotype seems to have a relevant role in Bax transcript expression.
Changes of tau profiles in brains of the hamsters infected with scrapie strains 263 K or 139 A possibly associated with the alteration of phosphate kinases
Authors: Wang Gui-Rong , Shi Song , Gao Chen , Zhang Bao-Yun , Tian Chan , Dong Chen-Fang , Zhou Rui-Min , Li Xiao-Li , Chen Cao , Han Jun , Dong Xiao-Ping 
Published: April 2010

AbstractBackgroundPhospho-tau deposition has been described in a rare genetic human prion disease, Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome, but is not common neuropathological picture for other human and animal transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs). This study investigated the possible changes of tau and phosphorylated tau (p-tau, at Ser396, Ser404, and Ser202/Thr205) in scrapie experimental animals.MethodsThe profiles of tau and p-tau (p-tau, at Ser396, Ser404, and Ser202/Thr205) in the brain tissues of agents 263K- or 139A-infected hamsters were evaluated by Western blots and real-time PCR. Meanwhile, the transcriptional and expressive levels of GSK3β and CDK5 in the brains were tested.ResultsThe contents of total tau and p-tau at Ser202/Thr205 increased, but p-tau at Ser396 and Ser404 decreased at the terminal stages, regardless of scrapie strains. Transcriptional levels of two tau isoforms were also increased. Additionally, it showed higher CDK5, but lower GSK3β transcriptional and expressive levels in the brains of scrapie-infected animals. Analysis of brain samples collected from different times after inoculated with agent 263 K revealed that the changes of tau profiles and phosphate kinases were time-relative events.ConclusionThese data suggest that changes of profiles of p-tau at Ser396, Ser404 and Ser202/Thr205 are illness-correlative phenomena in TSEs, which may arise of the alteration of phosphate kinases. Alteration of tau, p-tau (Ser396, Ser404, and Ser202/Thr205), GSK3β and CDK5 were either intermediate or consequent events in TSE pathogenesis and proposed the potential linkage of these bioactive proteins with the pathogenesis of prion diseases.
Tropomyosin3 overexpression and a potential link to epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Choi Hye-Sun , Yim Seon-Hee , Xu Hai-Dong , Jung Seung-Hyun , Shin Seung-Hun , Hu Hae-Jin , Jung Chan-Kwon , Choi Jong Young , Chung Yeun-Jun 
Published: April 2010

Abstract

Background
Since hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide, it is still important to understand hepatocarcinogenesis mechanisms and identify effective markers for tumor progression to improve prognosis. Amplification and overexpression of Tropomyosin3 (TPM3) are frequently observed in HCC, but its biological meanings have not been properly defined. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the roles of TPM3 and related molecular mechanisms.

Methods
TPM3-siRNA was transfected into 2 HCC cell lines, HepG2 and SNU-475, which had shown overexpression of TPM3. Knockdown of TPM3 was verified by real-time qRT-PCR and western blotting targeting TPM3. Migration and invasion potentials were examined using transwell membrane assays. Cell growth capacity was examined by colony formation and soft agar assays.

Results
Silencing TPM3 resulted in significant suppression of migration and invasion capacities in both HCC cell lines. To elucidate the mechanisms behind suppressed migration and invasiveness, we examined expression levels of Snail and E-cadherin known to be related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) after TPM3 knockdown. In the TPM3 knockdown cells, E-cadherin expression was significantly upregulated and Snail downregulated compared with negative control. TPM3 knockdown also inhibited colony formation and anchorage independent growth of HCC cells.

Conclusions
Based on our findings, we formulate a hypothesis that overexpression of TPM3 activates Snail mediated EMT, which will repress E-cadherin expression and that it confers migration or invasion potentials to HCC cells during hepatocarcinogenesis. To our knowledge, this is the first evidence that TPM3 gets involved in migration and invasion of HCCs by modifying EMT pathway.
Establishment and identification of a rabbit model of peritoneal carcinomatosis from gastric cancer
Authors: Mei Lie-Jun , Yang Xiao-Jun , Tang Li , Hassan Alaa Hammed al-shammaa , Yonemura Yutaka , Li Yan 
Published: April 2010

Abstract

Background
Gastric cancer peritoneal carcinomatosis is a common clinical problem, but there are no suitable large animal models to study this problem. This study was to establish a stable rabbit peritoneal carcinomatosis model of gastric cancer using VX2 tumor, and analyze the clinico-pathological features.

Methods
VX2 tumor was implanted into 36 New Zealand rabbits by 3 methods: laparotomic orthotopic injection of cancer cells into the submucosal layer of the stomach (Group A), laparotomic implantation of tumor tissue into the greater omentum immediately beneath the gastric antrum (Group B), and percutaneous injection of tumor cells directly into the peritoneal cavity (Group C), 12 rabbits in each group. The animals were closely observed and detailed clinico-pathological studies were conducted.

Results
The success rates of peritoneal carcinomatosis formation were 100% (12/12), 91.7% (11/12) and 58.3% (7/12), respectively, for Groups A, B and C (P = 0.019, A versus C; P = 0.077, B versus C; P = 0.500, A versus B, Fisher's exact test). Two weeks after submucosal cancer cells injection in Group A, ulcerative gastric cancer with peritoneal carcinomatosis showed typical VX2 tumor pathology, with widespread intraperitoneal metastatic nodules, bloody ascites and perspicuous pulmonary metastases. The clinico-pathological progression pattern was very similar to patients of advanced gastric cancer with peritoneal carcinomatosis. Groups B and C showed similar pattern of cancer progression, but less aggressive.

Conclusions
First large animal model of peritoneal carcinomatosis from gastric cancer has been established by laparotomic orthotopic injection of VX2 cancer cells into the submucosal layer of the stomach, providing a more suitable model for surgical interventional studies. The clinico-pathological features of this model resemble human peritoneal carcinomatosis.