bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of resistance and molecular detection of resistance genes to wheat stripe rust of 82 wheat cultivars in Xinjiang, China
Authors: Zhang Minghao , Zeng Minghao , Tian Baishuo , Liu Qi , Li Guangkuo , Gao Haifeng , Chen Li , Ma Zeyu , Chen Jing 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Wheat stripe rust is a fungal disease caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. The outbreak of wheat stripe rust will have a great impact on wheat production in Xinjiang, China. In order to identify the resistant to wheat stripe rust and the distribution of resistance genes in 82 wheat cultivars (41 spring wheat and 41 winter wheat), wheat seedling resistance was evaluated using CYR32, CYR33 and CYR34, and wheat adult plant stage resistance was identified using a combination of 3 races. 6 molecular markers were used to identify Yr29, Yr39, Yr46, Yr69 and YrTr1 in 82 wheat cultivars. The results showed that 3 of 82 wheat cultivars (Xinchun No.14, Xinchun No.22, and Xindong No.22) were immune to stripe rust at the adult plant stage. Xinchun No.29, Xinchun No.32, Xindong No.5 and Xindong No.29 were resistant at all stage. The highest detection rates were for Yr69 and YrTr1, at 78.05% and 76.83%. However, the detection rates for Yr39 and Yr46 were only 0 and 2.44%, respectively. The Xindong 22 were detected with the most resistance genes, which included 4 Yr genes. Furthermore, Xindong 22 were immune to the disease at adult plant stage. The results confirmed the resistance gene distribution of the wheat cultivars in Xinjiang were distributed heterogeneously, and the number of Yr genes was significantly and positively correlated with wheat cultivars resistant to stripe rust.
Research on trajectory tracking control of unmanned vehicle based on PSO_PID
Authors: Zheng Zhuan , Zheng Xiangyu , Ye Zimo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

To enhance the tracking accuracy and stability of unmanned vehicles in trajectory tracking control, a particle swarm optimized proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control mixed with model predictive control is established. First, the model predictive controller is generated based on the vehicle dynamics model to calculate the lateral error; secondly, the particle swarm optimized PID controller is used to compensate the front wheel angle to reduce the steady-state lateral error; finally, the joint simulation analysis is carried out. The results of the study show that the MPC control incorporating PSO_PID exhibits a significant improvement in the lateral position error compared to the conventional MPC control, reducing the error by 65.51% and effectively improving the tracking accuracy. In addition, the method also successfully reduces the peak yaw angle error by 57.89% and the peak fluctuation amplitude of the vehicle's front wheel angle by 16.33%, thus significantly improving the stability of trajectory tracking.
Infection, choice behavior, and cross infectivity of the sculpted damsel bug, Nabis roseipennis offered tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris infected with entomopathogenic nematodes
Authors: Glover James P. , Spaulding Nathan , Nufer Marissa I. , George Justin , Portilla Maribel , Reddy Gadi V.P. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris Palisot de Beauvois (Hemiptera: Miridae), is an economically important pest of row crops worldwide. Ten isolates of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae) were evaluated against the third instar nymphal stage of tarnished plant bug and its generalist predator, the sculpted damsel bug, Nabis roseipennis Reuter (Hemiptera: Nabidae) one of the most abundant and commonly encountered damsel bugs in cotton and soybean agroecoscapes across the Southeastern United States. The objectives of these experiments were to assess the infectivity of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) by direct topical exposure against the sculpted damsel bug and tarnished plant bug, and whether the predator prey-choice is affected by EPN infection, and if feeding on EPN infected tarnished plant bug (TPB) prey items could result in cross-infection of the predator. Mortality rates at a concentration of 200 infective juveniles (IJs)/ml significantly differed among isolates and insect species, ranging from 30–93% for tarnished plant bugs and sculpted damsels 6–38%, respectively. The third instars of L. lineolaris were more susceptible to the ten nematode isolates than N. roseipennis. Higher pathogenicity on the tarnished plant bug and low mortality potential make strains HbHP88, HbVS, Sc17c + e, and SfSN the most promising candidate for the biological control of L. lineolaris under lab and greenhouse conditions while preserving beneficial predators of the Southeastern United States.
Improved Thermal Stabilization of VSV-Vector with Enhanced Vacuum Drying in Pullulan and Trehalose-Based Films
Authors: Iwashkiw Jeremy A. , Mohamud Abdulhamid O. , Kazhdan Natallia , Ameen Aaisha , Beecher Jody E. , Filipe Carlos D. M. , Lichty Brian D. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

One major limitation of effective vaccine delivery is its dependency on a robust cold chain infrastructure. While Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) has been demonstrated to be an effective viral vaccine vector for diseases including Ebola, its -70oC storage requirement is a significant limitation for accessing disadvantaged locations and populations. Previous work has shown thermal stabilization of viral vaccines with a combination of pullulan and trehalose (PT) dried films. To improve the thermal stability of VSV, we optimized PT formulation concentrations and components, as well as drying methodology with enhanced vacuum drying. When formulated in PT films, VSV can be stored for 32 weeks at 4oC with less than 2 log PFU loss, at 25oC with 2.5 log PFU loss, and at 37oC with 3.1 log PFU loss. These results demonstrate a significant advancement in VSV thermal stabilization, decreasing the cold chain requirements for VSV vectored vaccines.
Effect of tipiracil hydrochloride (5-chloro-6- (2-iminopyrrolidin-1-yl) methyl-2,4 (1H, 3H) - pyrimidinedione hydrochloride), thymidine phosphorylase inhibitor on the ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) process of brain tissue in rats
Authors: Trocha Małgorzata , Piasecki Tomasz , Nowotarska Paulina , Sozański Tomasz , Merwid-Ląd Anna , Nowak Beata , Nowak Marcin , Ciaputa Rafał , Mazur Grzegorz , Szeląg Adam , Gajecki Damian , Doroszko Adrian 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background Thymidine phosphorylase (TP) plays a significant role in platelet activation and thrombosis. Its expression is increased in neurons under IR conditions.Aim The study aims to evaluate the effect of tipiracil hydrochloride (TPI), a selective TP inhibitor, on the brain tissue subjected to IR in rats.Methods Under anesthesia, common carotid arteries were isolated and occluded (BCCAO) for 30 min in groups of rats, CIR(n = 9), TIR25(n = 10), and TIR50(n = 9). In group C(n = 12) arteries were isolated but not ligated. During ischemia and after 8h of IR, rats received TPI i.p. (25 or 50mg/kg). After 24h of IR brain tissue was isolated for histopathological evaluation and the visualization of TP expression in immunohistochemical reaction (IHC). In serum levels of metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and − 9), and their inhibitor (TIMP-1) were determinedResults TP expression in brain tissue was the highest in CIR and TIR25 compared to the C and TIR50. After 3 h of IR, a significant increase in TP activity in CIR and TIR25 was noticed compared to the C. In the TIR50, the TP value was not significantly different from the C group at both time points of IR. After 24 h there was a significant decrease in MMP-9 level in TIR25 compared to the CIR and TIR50, also MMP-2 values decreased significantly in all groups compared to group C, which correlated with an increase in TIMP-1 activity in the TIR25 and TIR50.Conclusion The inhibition of TP activity in the group receiving TPI suggests its protective effect on brain tissue under IR conditions The decrease in MMPs activities in treated groups suggests a protective effect of TPI on the development of neuroinflammation caused by local brain tissue ischemia
RNA-seq analysis reveals genes associated with Macrophomina phaseolina-induced host senescence in soybean
Authors: Noor Afsana , Little Christopher R. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: Charcoal rot of soybean is caused by the hemibiotrophic fungus Macrophomina phaseolina, a global crop destroyer and an important pathogen in the midwestern USA. The quantitative nature of host resistance and complexity of the soybean-M. phaseolina interactions at the molecular level have hampered resistance breeding. A previous study showed that L-ascorbic acid (LAA) pre-treatment before M. phaseolina inoculation reduced charcoal rot lesion length in excised soybean stems. This study aimed to elucidate the genetic underpinnings of M. phaseolina-induced senescence and the mitigating effects of ascorbic acid on this physiological process within the same pathosystem.
Results: RNA was sequenced from M. phaseolina-resistant and -susceptible soybean genotypes following M. phaseolina inoculation, LAA, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-an oxidative stress inducer, application followed by inoculation. More genes were down-regulated in the resistant and susceptible genotypes than up-regulated when the M. phaseolina-inoculated treatments were compared to mock-inoculated control treatments. Gene ontology (GO) term and KEGG pathways analysis detected M. phaseolina-induced up-regulation of receptor-like kinase genes. In contrast, many genes related to antioxidants, defense, and hormonal pathways were down-regulated in both genotypes. LAA pre-treatment induced genes related to photosynthesis and reactive oxygen species responses in both genotypes. H2O2 pre-treatment following inoculation up-regulated many stress-response genes, while hormone signal transduction and photosynthesis-related genes were down-regulated in both genotypes.
Conclusions: Results revealed transcriptional variation and genes associated with M. phaseolina-induced senescence in soybean. Ascorbic acid induced many photosynthetic genes, suggesting a complex regulation of defense and immunity in the plant against the hemibiotroph. Soybean plants also exhibited enhanced stress responsiveness when treated with H2O2 followed by inoculation with M. phaseolina. This study will broaden more research avenues related to transcriptional regulation during the M. phaseolina-soybean interaction and the potential role of receptor-like kinases, oxidative stress-responsive genes, ethylene-mediated signaling and enhanced photosynthetic gene expression when mounting host resistance to this important soybean pathogen.
An investigation into Structured Grammatical Evolution Initialisation
Authors: Murphy Aidan , Mahdinejad Mahsa , Ventresque Anthony , Lourenço Nuno 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

A key ingredient in any successful genetic programming is robust initialisation. Many successful initialisation methods used in genetic programming have been adapted to use with grammatical evolution, to varying levels success. This papaer examines the effectiveness of some of the most popular of these initialisation techniques on structured grammatical evolution. Namely, we investigate Sensible Initialisation and Probabilistic Tree Creation 2, as well as the standard initialisation procedure used in structured grammatical evolution, Grow. We also propose a novel procedure called Local Optimised Probabilistic Tree Creation 2, which runs a quick greedy optimisation on the trees created.
We examine their performance, as well as the diversity of solutions they create, on 7 well-known benchmarks. We observe that Local Optimised Probabilistic Tree Creation 2 created the fittest, or joint fittest, initialisation populations on every benchmark considered. This did not necessarily result in overall better runs, however, and SGE runs with below average initialisation performance were seen to overcome their ''bad start". The diversity of solutions, particularly fitness diversity, at the end of the run was lower for Local Optimised Probabilistic Tree Creation 2 and Probabilistic Tree Creation 2 than for both sensible initialisation and grow.
Study on the damage and seepage characteristics of water-saturated coal by microwave cycling
Authors: Xiaohan Qi , Xiaodong Liu , Heng Ma , Zhonghua Liu , Wenkun Xie , Ying Zhang , Xinwei Zhao 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

To investigate the extent of damage and seepage characteristics of water-saturated coal samples after subjecting them to microwave cycling. The microwave equipment was used to process the coal samples by microwave cycling. The non-contact digital image processing technology and acoustic emission system were used to carry out the triaxial loading experimental study of the coal samples to obtain the mechanical parameter characteristics, energy evolution pattern, acoustic emission information and permeability characteristics of coal samples under different microwave cycle times. The results of the study show that: With the increase in the number of microwave cycles, dense grid-loaded cracks gradually appeared on the surface of the coal samples, the triaxial partial stresses of the coal samples decreased, and the strains also decreased, and the modulus of elasticity and Poisson's ratio also decreased; In the densification stage stage, the dissipated energy is higher than the elastic energy, and as the elastic stage proceeds, the elastic energy gradually reverses to exceed the dissipated energy, and the total energy and elastic energy of the coal samples decrease with the increase in the number of cycles, and the dissipated energy rises; Coal samples produce a large number of fissures due to the increase in the number of microwave cycles, the more frequent the fissure activity during the loading process, the acoustic emission amplitude and ringing count scattering points all become dense with the increase in the number of cycles, and the data increase; Initial permeability, destructive permeability and average permeability were all increased, microwave treatment has a better effect of permeability enhancement, the permeability of the treated coal samples was changed from low permeability to medium permeability, and the permeability enhancement was the largest in 6 cycles, and the permeability was increased by 7.18 times. This article explores the damage condition of water-saturated coal samples under microwave cycling treatment. Then, it explores the effect of microwave cycling on the permeability enhancement of the coal body, which provides a new method for exploring the gas permeability enhancement and extraction of low-permeability coal samples underground.
Comprehensive Pan-Genome Analysis of Mycobacterium marinum: Insights into Genomic Diversity, Evolution, and Pathogenicity
Authors: Zhang Meng , Adroub Sabir , Ummels Roy , Asaad Mohammed , Song Lei , Pain Arnab , Bitter Wilbert , Guan Qingtian , Abdallah Abdallah M. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Mycobacteria is a diverse genus that includes both innocuous environmental species and serious pathogens like Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium leprae, and Mycobacterium ulcerans, the causative agents of tuberculosis, leprosy, and Buruli ulcer, respectively. This study focuses on M. marinum, a closely related species known for its larger genome and ability to infect ectothermic species and cooler human extremities. Utilizing whole-genome sequencing, we conducted a comprehensive pan-genome analysis of 100 M. marinum strains, exploring genetic diversity and its impact on pathogenesis and host specificity. Our findings highlight significant genomic diversity, with clear distinctions in core, dispensable, and unique genes among the isolates. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a broad distribution of genetic lineages, challenging previous classifications into distinct clades. Additionally, we examined the synteny and diversity of the virulence factor CpnT, noting a wide range of C-terminal domain variations across strains, which points to potential adaptations in pathogenic mechanisms. This study enhances our understanding of M. marinum's genomic architecture and its evolutionary relationship with other mycobacterial pathogens, providing insights that could inform disease control strategies for M. tuberculosis and other mycobacteria.
Decreased number of satellite cells-derived myonuclei in both fast- and slow-twitch muscles in HeyL-KO mice during voluntary running exercise
Authors: Iwamori Kanako , Kubota Manami , Kodama Kazuki , Zhang Lidan , Kubo Atsushi , Kokubo Hiroki , Akimoto Takayuki , Fukada So-ichiro 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Skeletal muscles possess unique abilities known as adaptation or plasticity. When exposed to external stimuli, such as mechanical loading, both myofiber size and myonuclear number increase. Muscle stem cells, also known as muscle satellite cells (MuSCs), play vital roles in these changes. HeyL, a direct target of Notch signaling, is crucial for efficient muscle hypertrophy because it ensures MuSC proliferation in surgically overloaded muscles by inhibiting the premature differentiation. However, it remains unclear whether HeyL is essential for MuSC expansion in physiologically loaded muscles. Additionally, the influence of myofiber type on the requirement for HeyL in MuSCs within loaded muscles remains unclear.
Methods
We used a voluntary wheel running model and HeyL-knockout mice to investigate the impact of HeyL deficiency on MuSC-derived myonuclei, MuSC behavior, muscle weight, myofiber size, and myofiber type in the running mice.
Results
The number of new MuSC-derived myonuclei was significantly lower in both slow-twitch soleus and fast-twitch plantaris muscles from exercised HeyL-knockout mice than in control mice. However, exercised HeyL-knockout mice exhibited similar responses to control mice regarding myofiber size and type.
Conclusions
HeyL expression is crucial for MuSC expansion during physiological exercise in both slow and fast muscles. Nevertheless, the absence of HeyL did not affect the increased myofiber size or alteration of myofiber types, suggesting that MuSCs are not required in the wheel-running model because of the low degree of hypertrophy compared with that in surgically overloaded models.
Prevalence and selected predictors of vitamin D deficiency, and among children and adolescents attending primary health care centers: A cross-sectional record-based study, Qatar 2018-2019.
Authors: Khudadad Hanan , Alnuaimi Ahmed Sameer , Veettil Shajitha , Zainel A. Jaleel A. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is a significant public health concern with potential implications for bone health and overall well-being. A comprehensive understanding of its prevalence and influencing factors in the pediatric population is crucial for informed healthcare interventions.
Aim/Objectives: To determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among children and adolescents (<18 years old) who attended primary health care centers in the state of Qatar during the period from 2018 to 2019.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study based on data extracted from the electronic medical records (EMR) in the Primary Health Care Corporation (PHCC).
Results: A total of 48,947 electronic medical records of individuals <18 years old were eligible for analysis (by having at least one valid serum vitamin D test result in the EMR). A severe form of vitamin D deficiency was defined as serum level (<10 ng/ml).
For participants without a documented vitamin D replacement therapy, children aged 1-4 years and infants <1 year old exhibited the lowest rates of severe vitamin D deficiency (3.4% and 3.8%, respectively). This deficiency rate gradually escalated with age, peaking at 40% among teenagers aged 10-17 years. Notably, males showcased a lower rate of severe vitamin D deficiency (15.3%) compared to females (30.4%).
Age, gender and nationality were among the top three factors that predicts a severe form of vitamin D deficiency. Teenagers (10-17 years old) exhibited a 17-fold increase in risk of deficiency compared to preschool age (<5 years old), after adjusting for confounding variables. Female gender showed a 2.4-fold increase in risk, and Southern Asia nationality had a 5.7-fold increase compared to other nationalities, when accounting for other variables.
Conclusion: This study highlights the substantial prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among older children and adolescents in primary health care centers. A holistic approach encompassing education, policy changes, and healthcare provider involvement is advised to address this important health issue.
A Chiral Active Particle on two-dimensional random landscapes: ergodic uncertain diffusion and non-ergodic subdiffusion
Authors: Shi Hongda , Zhao Xiongbiao , Du Luchun , Fang Jun , Guo Wei 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The dynamics of a chiral active particle moving on two-dimensional random landscapes (with Gaussian distribution and Gaussian correlation) is investigated. We demonstrate that the ergodic uncertain diffusion and the non-ergodic subdiffusion occur in the system. The ergodic uncertain diffusion arises from the periodic motion of the chiral active particle along a circular trajectory. In contrast, the non-ergodic subdiffusion is primarily caused by the competitive effect between local high heterogeneity due to random landscapes (or chirally induced rotational motion) and the self-propulsion of the active particle. Our work provides a theoretical basis for understanding the dynamic behavior of a chiral active particle in complex environments.
Genetic Association between lipid and the risk of Headache
Authors: Zhang Houwen , Cao Fangzheng , Wang Juan , Zhou Yu , Wu Bin , Li Chunrong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Headache is one of the most prevalent neurological manifestation. Abnormal vascular function and activation of inflammatory responses increase the sensitivity of pain, which together affect pain processing pathways. Lipids perform a variety of critical functions, dysfunction of lipid metabolism and homeostasis can be involve in a variety of acute and chronic diseases. However, the exact association between lipids and headache still remains unknown due to various challenges. This study aimed to investigate the potential causal association between lipids and headache by using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR) analysis.
Methods
Utilizing a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, this study analyzed genome-wide association study (GWAS) data pertaining to 179 lipid traits to explore their causal links with four prevalent headache disorders: tension-type headache (TTH), migraine, cluster headache, and medication-overuse headache (MOH). A suite of MR analytical methods, including inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, weighted median, weighted mode, and simple mode were employed to ascertain the robustness of the causal conclusions. To further validate these findings, sensitivity analyses were conducted.
Results
The MR analysis demonstrated significant causal associations between several lipid species and headache disorders. Increased genetic predisposition to specific lipid levels, such as diacylglycerol and triacylglycerol, was linked with a higher risk of developing TTH and migraine. Contrasting effects were observed with phosphatidylcholine; certain species conferred protection against cluster headaches, while others were associated with increased risks of TTH and migraine. The associations remained consistent across different MR methods and were statistically significant after adjustments for multiple testing.
Conclusion
The MR analysis suggests a potential causal relationship between lipids and the risk of headache including TTH, migraine, cluster headache and MOH. However, further extensive research involving diversified populations is imperative to validate these findings.