bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complete detection of FR1 to FR3 primer‐based PCR patterns of immunoglobulin heavy chain rearrangement in the BIOMED‐2 protocol is associated with poor prognosis in patients with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Yabushita Tomohiro , Shimomura Yoshimitsu , Maruoka Hayato , Katoh Daisuke , Yamashita Daisuke , Satake Hironaga , Hiramoto Nobuhiro , Yoshioka Satoshi , Yonetani Noboru , Nishikori Momoko , Morimoto Takeshi , Imai Yukihiro , Ishikawa Takayuki 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSomatic hypermutations (SHMs) in the variable region (VH) of the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) gene are common in diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Recently, IgH VH SHMs have become known as immunogenic neoantigens, but few studies have evaluated the prognostic impact of the frequency of VH SHMs in DLBCL. The BIOMED‐2 protocol is the gold standard polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for clonality analysis in lymphoid malignancies, but can produce false negatives due to the presence of IgH VH SHMs. To overcome this problem, three primer sets were designed for the three framework regions (FR1, FR2, and FR3). We evaluated the predictive value of this PCR pattern in patients with DLBCL. To evaluate the prognostic impact of complete detection of the clonal amplifications (VHFR1–JH, VHFR2–JH, and VHFR3–JH) in the BIOMED‐2 protocol, we retrospectively analyzed 301 DLBCL patients who were initially treated with anthracycline‐based immunochemotherapy. Complete detection of the FR1 to FR3 primer‐based IgH VH PCR patterns in the BIOMED‐2 protocol was associated with low frequency of VH SHMs (p < 0.001). Patients who were positive for all these three PCRs (n = 79) were significantly associated with shorter 5‐year overall survival (OS; 54.2% vs. 73.2%; p = 0.002) and progression‐free survival (PFS; 34.3% vs. 59.3%; p < 0.001) compared to patients with other PCR patterns (n = 202). Specifically, the successful FR3‐JH detection was associated with significantly worse OS (p < 0.001) and PFS (p < 0.001). PCR patterns of complete IgH rearrangement using the BIOMED‐2 protocol are clinically meaningful indicators for prognostic stratification of DLBCL patients.
Successful treatment of refractory donor‐specific‐human leukocyte antigen‐antibody‐induced primary graft‐failure with daratumumab: A case report
Authors: Lesan Vadim , Melivadze Ketevani , Hein Johannes , Ahlgrimm Manfred , Schunk Stefan , Bewarder Moritz , Christofyllakis Konstantinos , Bittenbring Joerg Thomas , Thurner Lorenz 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDonor‐specific anti‐human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibodies represent a main cause of primary graft failure specifically in the setting of haploidentical stem cell transplantation. Newer therapy strategies including daratumumab could overcome some of these limitations. We describe the case of a patient with refractory acute myeloid leukemia. A haploidentical allogeneic stem cell transplantation was therefore initiated. HLA‐antibodies testing revealed a high titer of donor‐specific antibodies. First desensitization therapy failed, resulting in primary graft failure. A second desensitization regimen including plasmapheresis, intravenous gammaglobulins, and daratumumab resulted in good engraftment. Daratumumab is a promising and effective desensitization option in high‐risk allo‐sensitized patients undergoing haploidentical stem cell transplantation.
Newborn auditory brainstem response and sudden infant death syndrome
Authors: Maylott Sarah E. , Zeng Guangyu , Leung Tiffany S. , Montenegro Catalina Sanchez , Barrios Alexia , Malik Arushi , Delgado Rafael E. , Delgado Christine F. , Simpson Elizabeth A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)—the sudden and unexplained death of a seemingly healthy infant, <1 year old—may be associated with abnormalities in the brain regions that underlie breathing and arousal during sleep. While post‐mortem studies suggest abnormalities in SIDS infants' brainstems, there are no studies of these infants' brainstem function before death. One way to assess the function of the brainstem is with auditory brainstem response (ABR), a routine hearing‐screening method that noninvasively measures the brainstem's response to sound. We hypothesize that anomalies in newborns' ABR measures may predict SIDS. Indeed, previous studies identified abnormalities in ABR characteristics in small samples of near‐miss SIDS infants hospitalized for infant apnea syndrome. However, there is a need to examine the ABRs of infants who died of SIDS. Therefore, in the current study, we propose integrating two secondary datasets to examine newborns' ABRs (N = 156,972), including those who later died of SIDS (n = ~42; .27 out of every 1000 infants), using existing archived records of neonatal ABR results from a sample of newborns born in Florida. We hypothesize that infants who die from SIDS are more likely than non‐SIDS infants to have abnormal ABRs as newborns. Understanding the association between SIDS and ABR may facilitate more accurate identification of an infant's risk for SIDS at birth, enabling increased monitoring, which may facilitate interventions and improve survivorship.
Effect of hyperuricemia on paroxysmal atrial fibrillation after catheter ablation and influence of alcohol consumption
Authors: Shimojo Kazuki , Morishima Itsuro , Morita Yasuhiro , Kanzaki Yasunori , Miyazawa Hiroyuki , Watanabe Naoki , Yoshioka Naoki , Shibata Naoki , Arao Yoshihito , Yamauchi Ryota , Ohi Takuma , Goto Hiroki , Karasawa Hoshito , Okumura Kenji 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundEvidence regarding the association between hyperuricemia and arrhythmia recurrence after catheter ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) is scarce. We investigated whether hyperuricemia predicts arrhythmia recurrence after catheter ablation for paroxysmal AF and the relationship between hyperuricemia and alcohol consumption in AF recurrence.MethodsPatients who underwent catheter ablation for paroxysmal AF were divided into the hyperuricemia (index serum uric acid [UA] >7.0 mg/dL; n = 114) and control (UA ≤7.0 mg/dL; n = 609) groups and were followed for a median of 24 (12–48) months after ablation.ResultsThe hyperuricemia group had more patients with an alcohol intake of ≥20 g/day (33.3% vs. 22.7%, p = .017) and a lower incidence of AF‐free survival (p = .019). Similarly, those with an alcohol intake of ≥20 g/day had a lower incidence of AF‐free survival than other patients. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed the following independent predictors of AF recurrence (adjusted hazard ratio, 95% confidence interval): hyperuricemia (1.64, 1.12–2.40), female gender (1.91, 1.36–2.67), brain natriuretic peptide level >100 pg/mL (1.59, 1.14–2.22), and alcohol consumption ≥20 g/day (1.49, 1.03–2.15) (all p < .05). In addition, causal mediation analysis revealed that alcohol consumption of ≥20 g/day directly affected AF recurrence, independent of hyperuricemia.ConclusionsPatients with hyperuricemia may be at a high risk of arrhythmia recurrence after catheter ablation for paroxysmal AF. Although high alcohol consumption may contribute to increased UA levels, the presence of hyperuricemia may independently predict AF recurrence.
Performance of two large language models for data extraction in evidence synthesis
Authors: Konet Amanda , Thomas Ian , Gartlehner Gerald , Kahwati Leila , Hilscher Rainer , Kugley Shannon , Crotty Karen , Viswanathan Meera , Chew Robert 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAccurate data extraction is a key component of evidence synthesis and critical to valid results. The advent of publicly available large language models (LLMs) has generated interest in these tools for evidence synthesis and created uncertainty about the choice of LLM. We compare the performance of two widely available LLMs (Claude 2 and GPT‐4) for extracting pre‐specified data elements from 10 published articles included in a previously completed systematic review. We use prompts and full study PDFs to compare the outputs from the browser versions of Claude 2 and GPT‐4. GPT‐4 required use of a third‐party plugin to upload and parse PDFs. Accuracy was high for Claude 2 (96.3%). The accuracy of GPT‐4 with the plug‐in was lower (68.8%); however, most of the errors were due to the plug‐in. Both LLMs correctly recognized when prespecified data elements were missing from the source PDF and generated correct information for data elements that were not reported explicitly in the articles. A secondary analysis demonstrated that, when provided selected text from the PDFs, Claude 2 and GPT‐4 accurately extracted 98.7% and 100% of the data elements, respectively. Limitations include the narrow scope of the study PDFs used, that prompt development was completed using only Claude 2, and that we cannot guarantee the open‐source articles were not used to train the LLMs. This study highlights the potential for LLMs to revolutionize data extraction but underscores the importance of accurate PDF parsing. For now, it remains essential for a human investigator to validate LLM extractions.
Long‐term survivors after curative‐intent resection for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Ma Zhi‐Jie , Xiang Jun‐Xi , Weiss Matthew , Popescu Irinel , Marques Hugo P. , Aldrighetti Luca , Maithel Shishir K. , Pulitano Carlo , Bauer Todd W. , Shen Feng , Poultsides George A. , Soubrane Oliver , Martel Guillaume , Koerkamp Bas Groot , Itaru Endo , Lyu Yi , Zhang Xu‐Feng , Pawlik Timothy M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe objective of the current study was to characterize prognostic factors related to long‐term recurrence‐free survival after curative‐intent resection of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC).MethodsData on patients who underwent curative‐intent resection for ICC between 2000 and 2020 were collected from an international multi‐institutional database. Prognostic factors were investigated among patients who recurred within 5 years versus long‐term survivors who survived more than 5 years with no recurrence.ResultsAmong 635 patients who underwent curative‐intent resection for ICC, 104 (16.4%) patients were long‐term survivors with no recurrence beyond 5 years after surgery. Patients who survived for more than 5 years with no recurrence were more likely to have less aggressive tumor features, as well as have undergone an R0 resection versus patients who recurred within 5 years after resection. On multivariable analysis, tumor size (>5 cm) (HR: 1.535, 95% CI: 1.254–1.879), satellite lesions (HR: 1.253, 95% CI: 1.003–1.564), and lymph node metastasis (HR: 1.733, 95% CI: 1.349–2.227) were independently associated with recurrence within 5 years. Patients who recurred beyond 5 years (n = 23), 2–5 years (n = 60), and within 2 years (n = 471) had an incrementally worse post‐recurrence survival (PRS, 28.0 vs. 20.0 vs. 12.0 months, p = 0.032). Among patients with N0 status, tumor size (>5 cm) (HR: 1.612, 95% CI: 1.087–2.390) and perineural invasion (PNI) (HR: 1.562,95% CI: 1.081–2.255) were risk factors associated with recurrence. Among patients with N1 disease, only a minority (5/128, 3.9%) of patients survived with no recurrence to 5 years.ConclusionRoughly 1 in 6 patients survived for more than 5 years with no recurrence following curative‐intent resection of ICC. Among N0 patients, tumor recurrence was associated with tumor size and PNI. Only a small subset of N1 patients experienced long‐term survival.
Continuous chiral separation process for high‐speed countercurrent chromatography established and scaled up: A case of Voriconazole enantioseparation
Authors: Sun Xiao , Huang Xin‐Yi , Pei Dong , Di Duo‐Long 
Published: June 2024

An efficient method for the continuous separation of Voriconazole enantiomers was developed using sulfobutyl ether‐β‐cyclodextrin (SBE‐β‐CD) as a chiral selector in high‐speed countercurrent chromatography (HSCCC) with different types. The separation was performed using a two‐phase solvent system consisting of n‐hexane/ethyl acetate/100 mmol/L phosphate buffer solution (pH = 3.0, containing 50 mmol/L SBE‐β‐CD) (1.5:0.5:2, v/v/v). A fast and predictable scale‐up process was achieved using an analytical DE HSCCC instrument. The optimized parameters were subsequently applied to a preparative Tauto HSCCC instrument, resulting in consistent separation time and enantiomeric purity, with throughput boosted by a remarkable 11‐fold. Preparative HSCCC successfully separated 506 mg of the racemate, delivering enantiomers exceeding 99% purity as confirmed by high‐performance liquid chromatography analysis. This investigation presents an effective methodology for forecasting the HSCCC scale‐up process and attaining continuous separation of chiral drugs.
Cutibacterium and Staphylococcus dysbiosis of the skin microbiome in acne and its decline after isotretinoin treatment
Authors: Feidenhansl Cecilie , Lund Michael , Poehlein Anja , Lood Rolf , Lomholt Hans B. , Brüggemann Holger 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundAcne vulgaris is a multifactorial disease of the pilosebaceous unit of human skin. Previous studies have identified an acne‐associated dysbiosis of the skin microbiome.ObjectivesThis dysbiosis was mainly determined for Cutibacterium acnes. However, detailed analyses combining qualitative and quantitative aspects are scarce, also regarding the possible contribution of other skin bacteria and the impact of treatment.MethodsWe conducted a culture‐independent study to determine differences between the healthy skin and the acne microbiome before and after isotretinoin treatment. Three amplicon‐based sequencing approaches and digital droplet PCR for quantification were applied.ResultsOur results revealed a 2.2‐fold reduced abundance of C. acnes with a reduced diversity in the acne microbiome. A phylotype switch was found, which was mainly characterized by a significant relative decrease of IB and II strains in the acne microbiome. In contrast, the relative abundance of staphylococci increased significantly and the quantitative ratio of staphylococci to C. acnes strongly increased from 1:34 in the healthy cohort to 1:11 in the acne cohort. The diversity of staphylococci was reduced, mainly due to the decrease of Staphylococcus hominis, and the appearance and predominance of Staphylococcus aureus in some acne patients. Isotretinoin treatment drastically depleted C. acnes (37‐fold) and moderately also staphylococci (3.6‐fold). Isotretinoin treatment resulted in a decrease of Staphylococcus epidermidis and a significant increase of S. aureus on facial skin.ConclusionsThe switch from a C. acnes‐dominated healthy skin microbiome towards an acne microbiome that is relatively enriched in staphylococci could indicate a stronger impact of staphylococci in the pathophysiology of acne than currently acknowledged. Our data further showed that isotretinoin largely eliminated the skin microbiome and in particular C. acnes, but also S. epidermidis. Instead, more harmful bacteria such as S. aureus could expand, suggesting that posttreatment strategies should be considered to accelerate skin microbiome recovery.
Correlating male white‐tailed deer antler size with female body mass across multiple spatial scales
Authors: Turner Mark A. , Harper Craig A. , Strickland Bronson K. , Lashley Marcus A. , Wilber Mark Q. , McKinley William 
Published: June 2024

AbstractManagers use morphometric data collected from harvested animals as indicators of nutritional condition. Antler or horn size often are considered in ungulates, but there are problems associated with biased and limited harvest data available from male animals in many populations. Adult female body mass also may be collected, but little information exists on how male antler size scales with female body mass. We evaluated the relationship between property‐specific mature male white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) antler size and adult female body mass from harvest data collected at 2 spatial scales. Regression predicted a 4.4‐cm increase in average mature male antler size for every 1‐kg increase in female body mass from 31 properties across the eastern United States, 2015–2023. Adult female mass explained 64% of the variation in mature antler size, and including latitude as a covariate did not improve model fit. When we considered data from 174 properties in Mississippi, USA, 1991–1994, we predicted a 4.7‐cm increase in average mature male antler size for every 1‐kg increase in adult female body mass. Including soil resource region in the Mississippi model explained 48% of the variation in mature male antler size by accounting for differences in average sizes across regions. Our results indicate average female body mass correlates with mature male antler size at multiple spatial scales. We recommend managers collect body mass and age from harvested female deer, as female mass represents a useful metric to track management progress and predict changes in antler size.
Knee braces and foot orthoses multimodal 3‐month treatment of medial knee osteoarthritis in a randomised crossover trial
Authors: Robert‐Lachaine Xavier , Dessery Yoann , Belzile Étienne L. , Corbeil Philippe 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPurposeImmediate biomechanical and functional benefits of knee braces and lateral wedge foot orthoses (FO) are often reported on patients with medial knee osteoarthritis. However, the effectiveness of their combined use in a longer‐term orthotic treatment remains unclear. The aim was to evaluate pain, function, comfort and knee adduction moment (KAM) during the stance phase of gait with three modalities of orthotic treatment.MethodsTwenty‐two patients with knee osteoarthritis were analysed in a randomised crossover trial including a knee brace with valgus and external rotation functions (VER), FO and their combined use (VER + FO). Western Ontario and McMaster Universities scale (WOMAC) and Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Scores and KAM during gait were obtained before and after each orthotic treatment of 3 months. Repeated measures analyses of variance contrasted the factors orthosis (VER, FO, VER + FO), treatment (pre and post) and wear (without and with) on pain, function, comfort and KAM.ResultsAn interaction between orthosis and treatment on the WOMAC pain (effect size [ES] = 0.17) and a main effect on the pain visual analogue score (ES = 0.24) indicated that VER and VER + FO were more alleviating than FO. The three modalities of orthotic treatment significantly improved functional scores (ES > 0.2) and reduced discomfort (ES = 0.25). A significant multivariate interaction between orthosis and wear (ES = 0.73) showed that the KAM reduction while wearing the orthoses was more pronounced with the VER and VER + FO than the FO.ConclusionThe VER‐brace obtained more effectiveness than FO on pain and KAM after 3 months for medial knee osteoarthritis and the combined treatment did not substantially improve biomechanical and functional outcomes.Level of EvidenceTherapeutic study level I randomised crossover trial.
Fractional Radiofrequency and Oral Isotretinoin—A Prospective Randomized Controlled Split‐Face Trial Comparing Concurrent Versus Delayed Fractional Radiofrequency Treatment for Acne Scars
Authors: Gallo Elisa S. , Katz Uriel , Artzi Ofir 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundTherapeutic dogma has been to treat acne scars no less than 6 months after isotretinoin (ITN) cessation.ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of fractional radiofrequency (FRF) in patients treated concurrently with ITN.MethodsWe conducted a prospective randomized control 3‐arm comparative trial to evaluate the treatment of acne scars. Patients received one of three treatment options: (A) ITN and FRF concurrent treatment, (B) ITN monotherapy, and (C) FRF 6 months post‐ITN treatment. Patients in the FRF cohorts received three monthly sessions. Patients were followed for adverse effects up to 6–9 months post‐FRF treatment. Final cosmesis was scored by three independent dermatologists using two scales: the Echelle d'Evaluation Clinique des Cicatrices d'Acne (ECCA) and an internal 5‐point investigator's scale, indicating the percentage of improvement. Subjective analyses by patients were also assessed.ResultsObjective and subjective analyses revealed improvement in the ITN‐FRF cohort, which was superior to the delayed FRF cohort and the ITN monotherapy cohort. Specifically, the concurrently treated cohort (ITN‐FRF) had a significant reduction in acne scar volume from baseline mean (151.1 ± 44.7 to 97.0 ± 31.2, p < 0.005), outperforming both the delayed FRF and monotherapy ITN treatment cohorts, respectively (155.4 ± 37.8 to 122.0 ± 46.2, 144.6 ± 82.8 to 132.4 ± 62.7). Additionally, the concurrently treated cohort demonstrated improved ECCA scores (36.8 ± 15.5), significantly better than the ITN monotherapy cohort (101.5 ± 20.1, p < 0.01).LimitationsLimited patient sample size: 38 patients completed the study; mostly Fitzpatrick Type II–III skin; photographic assessments utilized.ConclusionPer our prospective trial, concurrent treatment of ITN‐FRF is superior to delayed FRF treatment 6 months post‐ITN cessation.
Evaluation of a Novel Ablative 1940 nm Pulsed Laser for Skin Rejuvenation
Authors: Gronovich Yoav , Raderman Yaniv , Toledano Ronen , Nahear Rotem , Suliman Neria , Shacham Alon , Friedman David J. , Noach Salman 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundSkin rejuvenation is a widely sought‐after goal, prompting advancements in laser technology for noninvasive and effective treatments. Ablative lasers, in particular, have evolved to address diverse skin concerns, with fractional ablative lasers offering better‐tolerated outcomes. The introduction of a novel ablative Thulium pulsed laser, based on Thulium‐doped Yttrium aluminum Perovskite (Tm:YAP) crystal, delivers precise and controlled skin rejuvenation by allowing customization of ablative microcolumns.MethodsA pilot in vivo study was conducted on the abdominal skin of a live female pig. Using the Laser Team Medical (LTM) prototype laser, treatments were administered with varying coagulation settings (minimal and maximum) and energies (32, 80, 120, and 160 mJ per microcolumn). Biopsies were harvested, fixed, and stained for subsequent analysis. The penetration depth and width of the microcolumns were evaluated.ResultsLow coagulation settings produced ablative microcolumns with thermal affected zones of 160 µm width, while high coagulation settings resulted in wider zones of 400–530 µm. The ablation cavities' width was estimated to be less than 100 µm in both settings. The novel 1940 nm pulsed laser demonstrated superior microcolumn properties, offering potential advantages such as shorter downtime and increased efficacy compared to existing fractional ablative lasers.ConclusionThis study presents encouraging preliminary results regarding the efficacy and safety of the first ablative 1940 nm pulsed laser. The results show ablative microcolumns thinner than the counterpart devices, showing the device safety and potential higher efficacy along with short downtime. The LTM novel ablative 1940 nm pulsed laser holds immense potential for enhancing skin rejuvenation treatments due to its superior microcolumns properties. The versatility of this laser can open new treatment procedures and may extend to different areas of dermatology.