bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding the Coping Strategies of International Students: A Qualitative Approach
Authors: Khawaja Nigar G. , Stallman Helen M. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractInternational students encounter a range of additional challenges as a part of their tertiary study experience. A qualitative approach was used to understand the challenges faced by international students, coping strategies that promoted their personal resilience and advice they have for future international students. Twenty-two international students from an Australian university participated in four focus groups. The challenges identified by students included adjustment, social isolation, English language skills, academic difficulties, unmet expectations, employment, culture shock and psychological distress. Participants shared their own personal experiences and strategies used by them to cope and identified strategies that future students could use prior to leaving their home country and whilst in Australia to improve their adjustment. Uses of international student stories in prevention interventions are discussed.
Antipsychotic Treatment Among Youth in Foster Care
Authors: dosReis Susan , Yoon Yesel , Rubin David M. , Riddle Mark A. , Noll Elizabeth , Rothbard Aileen 
Published: November 2011

OBJECTIVE:Despite national concerns over high rates of antipsychotic medication use among youth in foster care, concomitant antipsychotic use has not been examined. In this study, concomitant antipsychotic use among Medicaid-enrolled youth in foster care was compared with disabled or low-income Medicaid-enrolled youth.PATIENTS AND METHODS:The sample included 16 969 youths younger than 20 years who were continuously enrolled in a Mid-Atlantic state Medicaid program and had ≥1 claim with a psychiatric diagnosis and ≥1 antipsychotic claim in 2003. Antipsychotic treatment was characterized by days of any use and concomitant use with ≥2 overlapping antipsychotics for &gt;30 days. Medicaid program categories were foster care, disabled (Supplemental Security Income), and Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF). Multicategory involvement for youths in foster care was classified as foster care/Supplemental Security Income, foster care/TANF, and foster care/adoption. We used multivariate analyses, adjusting for demographics, psychiatric comorbidities, and other psychotropic use, to assess associations between Medicaid program category and concomitant antipsychotic use.RESULTS:Average antipsychotic use ranged from 222 ± 110 days in foster care to only 135 ± 101 days in TANF (P &lt; .001). Concomitant use for ≥180 days was 19% in foster care only and 24% in foster care/adoption compared with &lt;15% in the other categories. Conduct disorder and antidepressant or mood-stabilizer use was associated with a higher likelihood of concomitant antipsychotic use (P &lt; .0001).CONCLUSIONS:Additional study is needed to assess the clinical rationale, safety, and outcomes of concomitant antipsychotic use and to inform statewide policies for monitoring and oversight of antipsychotic use among youths in the foster care system.
Benefits of a Pediatric Antimicrobial Stewardship Program at a Children's Hospital
Authors: Di Pentima M. Cecilia , Chan Shannon , Hossain Jobayer 
Published: November 2011

OBJECTIVE:
To prospectively evaluate the effect of a comprehensive antimicrobial stewardship program on antimicrobial use, physician interventions, patient outcomes, and rates of antimicrobial resistance.

METHODS:
Active surveillance of antimicrobial use with intervention and real-time feedback to providers and reinforcement of prior authorization for selected antimicrobials were introduced at a pediatric teaching hospital. Antimicrobial-use indications were incorporated as a mandatory field in the computerized information system. An automated report of antimicrobials prescribed, doses, patient demographics, and microbiology data was generated and reviewed by an infectious-disease pharmacist and a pediatric infectious-disease physician. Antimicrobial use, expressed as the number of doses administered per 1000 patient-days, was measured 3 years before and after the implementation of the program.

RESULTS:
Total antimicrobial use peaked at 3089 doses administered per 1000 patient-days per year in 2003–2004 before implementation of the program and steadily decreased to 1904 doses administered per 1000 patient-days per year during the postintervention period. Targeted-antimicrobial use declined from 1250 to 988 doses administered per 1000 patient-days per year. Nontargeted-antimicrobial use declined from 1839 to 916 doses administered per 1000 patient-days per year. Rates of antimicrobial resistance to broad-spectrum antimicrobials among the most common Gram-negative bacilli remained low and stable over time.

CONCLUSIONS:
The successful implementation of antimicrobial stewardship strategies had a significant impact on reducing targeted- and nontargeted-antimicrobial use, improving quality of care of hospitalized children and preventing emergence of resistance.
Use of a Visual Aid to Improve Counseling at the Threshold of Viability
Authors: Kakkilaya Venkatakrishna , Groome Lynn J. , Platt Daci , Kurepa Dalibor , Pramanik Arun , Caldito Gloria , Conrad Lesley , Bocchini Joseph A. , Davis Terry C. 
Published: November 2011

OBJECTIVES:To pilot-test a visual aid developed to help counsel pregnant women.METHODS:After agreeing to participate, pregnant women at &gt;28 weeks of gestation were assigned randomly to counseling with or without a visual aid. The visual aid contained pictures, graphics, and short messages about delivery room resuscitation, chances of survival, anticipated neonatal course, and long-term neurodevelopmental disabilities. A neonatal fellow performed counseling with a standardized script for an anticipated delivery at 23 weeks of gestation. In precounseling and postcounseling sessions, women were given a structured interview to assess their knowledge of chances of survival and disability and attitudes toward resuscitation.RESULTS:Of the 89 women who participated, 76% were black and 59% read below a 9th-grade level. Compared with the no–visual aid group, women in the visual aid group recalled more disabilities and predicted longer neonatal stays (P = .01). For both groups, mothers' perceptions of the chances of survival were lower after counseling; the decrease was greater in the visual aid group (P = .03). The majority of women in each group opted for resuscitation, which was not affected by counseling. In multivariate analyses, use of the visual aid was a significant independent factor in explaining before/after differences in survival chances and recall of a long NICU stay and number of disabilities; higher literacy levels also were significant for recalling the number of disabilities.CONCLUSIONS:Use of a visual aid improved mothers' knowledge and showed promise as a decision aid for counseling at the threshold of viability.
Review of the New World Genus Venanus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Microgastrinae), with a New Key and Descriptions of Three New Reared Neotropical Species
Authors: Whitfield James B , Rasmussen Claus , Arias-Penna Diana C 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
The New World microgastrine braconid wasp genus Venanus is reviewed, and a new illustrated key to species is provided. Three new species are described and illustrated: Venanus kusikuyllurae Rasmussen & Whitfield, n. sp., reared from the gelechiid pests of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willdenow), Eurysacca quinoae Povolný, and Eurysacca melanocampta (Meyrick) in Peru; Venanus greeneyi Whitfield & Arias-Penna n. sp., reared from pyralid caterpillars feeding on Phenax rugosus (Poir.) and Boehmeria spp. (both Urticaceae) in Ecuador; and Venanus yanayacuensis Arias-Penna & Whitfield, n. sp., reared from pyralid caterpillars feeding on several species of Asteraceae in Ecuador. In addition, the female of Venanus helavai Mason, previously known only from males, is diagnosed and illustrated, and we provide the first known host record for this species: pyralid caterpillars on Myrsine coriacea (Sw.) (Myrsinaceae).
Natural History ofEryphanis greeneyi(Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) and Its Enemies, with a Description of a New Species of Braconid Parasitoid and Notes on Its Tachinid Parasitoid
Authors: Greeney Harold F , Whitfield James B , Stireman John O , Penz Carla M , Dyer Lee A 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThis study encompasses three trophic levels, including description and observations of a butterfly caterpillar, its host plant, and two parasitoids, one of which is described here as a new species. We describe the immature stages and larval and adult behaviors of the butterfly Eryphanis greeneyi Penz & DeVries, 2008 (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) from the east Andean slopes of Ecuador. We identify Chusquea cf. scandens (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) as the larval food plant and review host associations in the genus Eryphanis and related taxa. We compare the morphology of E. greeneyi caterpillars to related taxa feeding on Chusquea and discuss the function of anal combs and associated frass throwing behavior. We describe a new species of braconid wasp Protapanteles eryphanidis sp. n. Whitfield and a tachinid fly, Winthemia sp. nr. analis, reared from field-collected larvae of E. greeneyi and evaluate their taxonomic position and association with E. greeneyi.
Revision of Nearctic Holly Leafminers in the GenusPhytomyza(Diptera: Agromyzidae), Including Descriptions of Four New Species
Authors: Lonsdale Owen , Scheffer Sonja J 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe Phytomyza ilicis species group is the only taxon in the phytophagous family Agromyzidae (Diptera: Schizophora) known to feed on hollies (Aquifoliaceae: Ilex L.) in North America, mining within the living leaves as larvae. The clade is represented here by 11 species native to eastern North America, although P. vomitoriae has been introduced into California. The sole European holly leafminer, Phytomyza ilicis Curtis, is also present in western North America following introduction. The North American fauna is revised, following a molecular treatment of the group by Scheffer and Wiegmann (Mol. Phylog. Evol. 17: 244–255; 2000), who discovered several previously undescribed species. These new species, Phytomyza ambigua spec, nov., Phytomyza leslieae spec, nov., Phytomyza lineata spec. nov., and Phytomyza wiggii spec, nov., are formally named, and all adults and puparia of North American species are described, illustrated, and included in an updated identification key. A lectotype is designated for P. ilicis.
Effect of High and Low Concentrations of Sugar Solutions Fed to Adult Male, Phormia regina (Diptera: Calliphoridae), on ‘Bubbling’ Behavior
Authors: Larson Kristin , Stoffolano John G 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
‘Bubbling’ behavior, or the regurgitation of liquid from the crop through droplet formation on the proboscis, has been observed in many nonblood feeding dipterans. One factor that has been identified as a cause for ‘bubbling’ is the concentration of the solution flies ingest. The hypothesis presented in this paper states that male flies ingesting more dilute solutions will exhibit more bubbling behavior than those that ingest a less dilute solution. Concentrations tested were a high concentration of 80% sucrose solution and a low concentration of 20% sucrose solution. Males only were tested to avoid any confounding effect of the females need for energy sources for reproduction. Male flies that ingested the 80% sugar solution showed 45% of the flies tested bubbling, which was significantly different from the flies that ingested 20% solution, which had only 5% of the flies bubbling. No significant weight loss or percentage of weight loss was observed between bubbling and nonbubbling flies for either sugar solution concentration. Results comparing a high and low concentration of sucrose do not support the theory of elimination of excess water loss to concentrate dilute solutions or the “dilute solution hypothesis”. Other factors, not identified previously, that could contribute to bubbling, are changes in osmolality, utilization of blood sugar (i.e., trehalose), and the regulation of the proventricular valve.
Biology ofLeptoypha hospita(Hemiptera: Tingidae), a Potential Biological Control Agent of Chinese Privet
Authors: Zhang Yanzhuo , Hanula James L , Horn Scott , Braman S Kristine , Sun Jianghua 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe biology of Leptoypha hospita Drake et Poor (Hemiptera: Tingidae), a potential biological control agent from China for Chinese privet, Ligustrum sinense Lour., was studied in quarantine in the United States. Both nymphs and adults feed on Chinese privet mesophyll cells that lead to a bleached appearance of leaves and dieback of branch tips. L. hospita has five nymphal instars with the mean duration of the life cycle from egg to new adult being 25 d. Females laid an average of 240 eggs per female and continued laying until death. Adults lived ≈75 d on average. Because it feeds on Chinese privet, has multiple generations per year and a high reproductive rate, L. hospita may be a good biological control agent for this invasive plant.
A Revision of the New Zealand GenusExeirarthra(Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae: Faronitae)
Authors: Park J-S , Carlton C E 
Published: November 2011

AbstractA taxonomic review of the New Zealand genus Exeirarthra Broun is presented. Six species are documented, and three new species are described and illustrated: Exeirarthra maclennanensis Park & Carlton, sp. nov.; Exeirarthra mccollae Park & Carlton, sp. nov.; and Exeirarthra nunni Park & Carlton, sp. nov. Two species, Exeirarthra angustula Broun and Exeirarthra pallida Broun, are synonymized under Exeirarthra enigma Broun. A key, habitus illustrations, and photos and line drawings of diagnostic characters for all Exeirarthra species are provided.
Larvae of Four Leucochrysa (Nodita) Species (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae: Leucochrysini) from Brazil's Atlantic Coast
Authors: Mantoanelli Euzileni , Tauber Catherine A , Albuquerque Gilberto S , Tauber Maurice J 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
Several morphological features and markings differentiate the larvae (three instars) of four Leucochrysa (Nodita) species (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae: Leucochrysini) that commonly occur in agricultural areas along the Atlantic Coast of Brazil. Descriptions and keys to species are provided. Based on the characteristics of the four species studied here and four previously described species, we propose a suite of diagnostic characteristics for Leucochrysa (Nodita) larvae.
Variation in Male and Female Genitalia Among Ten Species of North AmericanAnthocoris(Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Anthocoridae)
Authors: Horton David R , Lewis Tamera M 
Published: November 2011

AbstractWe compared morphology of internal reproductive anatomy and genitalia among 10 species of North American Anthocoris (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Anthocoridae). Reproductive structures of males, including internal reproductive organs (testes, seminal vesicles, ejaculatory bulb, phallus), the paramere, and the endosoma, were found to vary in size, shape, and appearance among the 10 species, although with similarities among species within some groupings. All species except Anthocoris bakeri Poppius have two testicular follicles per testis; A. bakeri has five to seven follicles per testis. In seven of the 10 species, a longitudinal groove was found to be present on the paramere; we believe this groove functions to guide the male's intromittent organ as it enters the female during copulation. Variation among species in morphology of the male's inflated endosoma included differences in length, presence or absence of looping, and in presence of spinulate, dentate, or tuberculate projections. The summary presented here is the first description of the endosoma for any species of Anthocoris. We observed substantial variation among species in length of the female's copulatory tube (i.e., the organ which receives the male's intromittent organ), although again with some similarities among certain groupings of species. Variation in length of the female's copulatory tube parallels variation in length of the male's endosoma, which suggests that morphology of genitalia within this genus has coevolved between sexes.
Effects of Various Semiochemicals on the Responses of Rhyzopertha dominica to Pheromone Traps in the Field
Authors: Edde Peter A , Toews Michael D , Phillips Thomas W 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
Feeding male Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) produces two pheromones Dominicalure-1 (DL-1) and Dominicalure-2 (DL-2), which attracts adults of both sexes. In field experiments conducted in Oklahoma, R. dominica captures in multiple funnel traps deployed with its pheromones, ethanol, or both, green-leaf volatiles (GLV), plant essential oils, or synthetic pheromones for Ips spp., Dendroctonus spp., or Scolytus multistriatus (Marsham) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) were examined. The bark beetle lures were evaluated at the release rate recommended for the respective insects. The number of insects trapped increased when R. dominica lure was combined with ethanol, whereas beetle captures neither were enhanced nor inhibited when the lure was combined with GLV, 3-methylcyclohex-2-en-l-one (MCH), or plant essential oil mixtures turpentine, from Pinus spp., and cedar wood oil, from Juniperus spp. (Coniferales: Pinaceae and Cupressaceae). Similarly, the numbers of captured R. dominica did not significantly differ when R. dominica lures were supplemented with ipsdienol, ipsenol, cis-verbenol, or pityol. Conversely, the combination of R. dominica lures with exo-brevicomin, frontalin, and commercial lure for S. multistriatus, containing the bicyclic ketal multistriatin, resulted in significantly fewer captures of R. dominica. The presence of live males of the closely related species Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) decreased the number of captured R. dominica by &gt;70% compared with captures in traps baited with R. dominica's natural pheromone alone. Results support the hypothesis that grain-infesting R. dominica evolved from forest-inhabiting ancestors and retained behavioral traits for semiochemical interactions with other wood-boring beetle species. Such interspecific interactions have potential for exploitation in pest management programs against R. dominica.
Description of a New Abernessia with Notes on Neotropical Ctenocerinae (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae)
Authors: Waichert C , Pitts J P 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
A new species of Ctenocerinae, Abernessia prima sp. nov., is described for Brazil based on the male sex only. This is the first male to be described for the subfamily in the Neotropics. A brief discussion of the current status of Ctenocerinae is provided. Distribution records and illustrations for another Neotropical Ctenocerinae species, Lepidocnemis antiquus, also are provided.
Fracturing Treatment/Geometry Optimization and Post-frac Performance Evaluation in a Tight Gas Reservoir
Authors: Khan Osama Hasan , Ali Virk Muhammad Muneeb , Ahmed Sheraz , Sajid Muhammad Ali , Abrar Saad Bin , Lakhani M. Haris 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
Unconventional gas resources, tight gas in particular, complements other major sources of hydrocarbon which if exploited effectively can play a significant role in meeting today’s energy challenges faced by Pakistan. The production of these major resources poses many economical challenges, which could be overcome by the astute use of available resources and technological efficacy. Hydraulic fracturing is an essential stimulation technique for the economic development of tight gas reservoirs. Mostly, fracture jobs are designed based on the maximum achievable treatment sizes which can result in wider fracture width, greater height, and longer half length. The ultimate aim is to achieve maximum deliverability. This approach is not versatile because the treatment parameters and fracture geometries are not sensitized. As a result, the treatment sizes and geometries are not the optimized ones. A better approach is to determine the best compromise between the resources available and the productivity enhancement achieved i.e., optimizing the fracturing treatment and geometry both physically and economically. Once the optimum balance is found, the next step is to establish the operational parameters (e.g. Pump Rate, Net Pressure, etc.).
This paper discusses the process to achieve the optimum fracturing treatment and geometry design and compares the actual field results obtained with those predicted. The analytical Pseudo-3D model has been used for the simulation of fracture propagation and optimization of parameters. The post-frac performance of the reservoir is predicted using both analytical and numerical methods (Using numerical reservoir simulator).
In order to validate the analytical and numerical models, the actual fracturing results from the field (fracture dimensions and deliverability) have been compared with those predicted by the model. The same fracturing treatment parameters that were used in the actual job execution have been used in the model validation process. Once the model is validated, the difference between the optimized treatment parameters and that used in the actual executed job has been highlighted; these differences emphasize the value of using the optimization process defined in this paper to achieve the best possible deliverability in an economically efficient manner.
The paper presents a systematic approach towards the optimization process of the fracturing treatment and geometry for tight gas reservoirs, which in turn influence the post fracturing deliverability results. The sensitivity analysis points out the parameters to which the fracture deliverability is most sensitive. The determination of such parameters and hence the fracture geometries remains a big challenge for tight gas reservoirs and industry remains committed to developing a thorough understanding of tight sands behavior.
Gas Hydrates: A Fuel for Future but Wrapped in Drilling Challenges
Authors: Qadir Muhammad Iqrar , Asrar Muhammad 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACT
Gas hydrates are clathrate non-stoichiometric compounds, in which the gas molecules are encaged in crystalline cells, consisting of water molecules retained by the energy of hydrogen bonds. They are also called clathrate hydrates or "flammable ice".
Considering the planet as a whole, the quantity of natural gas in sedimentary gas hydrates greatly exceeds conventional natural gas resources. As a result, numerous studies have been dedicated to the energy resource potential of gas hydrates. Hydrates of hydrocarbon gases occur naturally and attention has been drawn to develop these naturally occurring methane-hydrate reservoirs as an energy resource. The amount of carbon stored in these deposits is estimated to be 2-7 times higher than the amount present in the known fossil fuel deposits. Analysis indicates that hydrates can occupy as much as 500 m of sediments.
Gas Hydrates research in the last two decades has taken various directions ranging from ways to understand the safe and economical production of this enormous resource to drilling problems and challenges. Gas Hydrates are stable at low temperature and high pressures.
Studies are also underway for exploring the gas hydrates in the offshore area of Pakistan; initial exploration activities indicates very positive results for the presence of gas hydrates in the offshore Makran region (Western Costal Areas).
This paper does a review on occurrence of gas hydrates. This paper discusses drilling related challenges for exploiting of gas hydrates and proposes some solutions. Finally, future considerations and recommendations are presented in paper to that may help our industry to unwrap this Fuel for Future.