bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wechselwirkungen zwischen Aminosäurepool und L‐Aminosäureoxydase bei Neurospora crassa
Authors: Aurich H. , Tauchert H. , Schücker G. , Luppa D. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractNeurospora crassa bildet während der stationären Phase und bei beginnender Autolyse L‐Aminosäureoxydase, die nach und nach in das Medium abgegeben wird. Der Aminosäurepool zeigt im Verlaufe des Wachstums zwei Maxima, das erste zu Beginn des Wachstums, das zweite mit dem Einsetzen der Autolyse. Aminosäurepool und Aktivität der L‐Aminosäureoxydase sind bei Stickstoffmangel niedrig und zeigen die gleiche Abhängigkeit vom Stickstoffangebot im Medium. Durch hohe intrazelluläre Ammoniumkonzentrationen wird die L‐Aminosäureoxydase reprimiertBeim Umsetzen von normal gewachsenen Mycelien, die keine L‐Aminosäureoxydase‐Aktivität aufweisen, auf eine C‐ und N‐freie Salzlösung kommt es zu einem Anstieg des Pools – bedingt durch intrazelluläre Proteolyse – und zur Induktion der L‐Aminosäure‐oxydase‐Synthese. Bei Anwesenheit von Glucose bleibt die Proteolyse aus, der Aminosäurepool steigt nicht an, die L‐Aminosäureoxydase wird reprimiertDie Wechselwirkungen zwischen freien Aminosäuren in der Zelle und der Synthese der L‐Aminosäureoxydase sowie die Funktion des Enzyms im katabolen Aminosäurestoffwechsel werden diskutiert.
The role of macronutrient minerals on the anaerobic trimethylamineoxyde reduction by an Achromobacter sp. isolated from fresh fish
Authors: Debevere J. M. , Voets J. P. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe macronutrient minerals Na+, K+, Mg++, Ca++, and Fe++ have been found to play an important role during the anaerobic TMAO reduction by the Achromobacter sp. The quantitative requirements for these ions are quite different. Most TMA is formed with 6 × 10‐3 M Mg++. The different requirements of the organism appear to be highly specific. The degree of TMAO reduction can not be restored if Na+ or Mg++ are respectively replaced by equimolar concentrations of respectively K+ and Ca++. Iron seems also to play an important roleAttention has been drawn to the interaction between Na+ and K+, Mg++, Ca++, and Fe++. At suboptimum and optimum concentrations of Na+ combined with suboptimum and optimum concentrations of K+, Mg++, Ca++, and Fe++, TMAO reduction was clearly enhanced. A maximal TMAO reduction takes place when 0.2 M Na+ and 6 × 10‐3 M Mg++ were added together in the basal medium.
Vergleichende Untersuchungen über die Verbreitung einiger Fruchtkörper‐bildender Myxobakterien‐Arten
Authors: Rückert G. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractFive species of myxobacteria have been found to fruit more or less frequently on dung pellets of rabbits, hares, and roes collected in the surroundings of Karlsruhe, West‐Germany. The most common species, Myxococcus fulvus, was followed by M. virescens and Chondrococcus coralloides which occurred pretty abundantly, too. Now and again fruiting bodies of Archangium gephyra and Polyangium fuscum could be observed, in the case of P. fuscum confined to certain substrates. Other species have been rareAnalysing the distribution of these five relatively common species from dung pellets and soils, differences in the frequency of occurrence were demonstrated when the rather complex substrate of soil is differentiated in the upper horizon of soil without roots, and the rhizosphere of flowering plants and mosses. M. fulvus, Ch. corralloides, and A. gephyra may be regarded as to be more or less ubiquitous species. In some cases, M. fulvus and Ch. coralloides appeared to be rhizophilic. On the other side, P. fuscum could only be observed in soils and avoided the rhizosphere. M. virescens was found only onceConditions for microbial life in the rhizoidosphere of bryophytes growing on rocks can be regarded in a modified sense as such in soils in the first steps of their development. Among the fruiting myxobacteria it resulted that in addition to M. fulvus, M. virescens. Ch. coralloides, and A. gephyra, Podangium lichenicolum occurred quite frequently, whereas Polyangium fuscum could not be observed. In well‐developed soils, however, Podangium lichenicolum was missing, and Polyangium fuscum was found frequently.
Inhibitory effect of 2‐deoxy‐glucose on cell wall synthesis in cells and protoplasts of Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Authors: Svoboda A. , Smith D. G. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA study has been made of changes in cell walls and ultrastructure of cells and regenerating protoplasts of Schizosaccharomyces pombe grown in different concentrations of 2‐deoxyglucose (2DG). At concentrations of 0.1% and higher the inhibitor reversibly blocked growth of cells and protoplasts and completely inhibited cell wall synthesis. Concentrations of 0.05% and lower allowed protoplasts to grow and induced early or late lysis in normal cells. On the surface of protoplasts only the fibrillar component was formed; secretion of the soluble fraction ceased. The early lysis of the cells was a result of degradation of cell wall material at growing sites (concentration of 2DG 0.02–0.05%), the late lysis occurred in cells with weakened growing regions, where aberrant material was deposited (concentrations 0.01–0.02%). Concentrations of 2DG below 0.01% did not affect the growth of the cells or the reversion of protoplasts to normal cells. 2DG was not incorporated into the walls of cells or regenerating protoplasts, and did not influence the ultrastructure of cells or protoplasts except for the effects on the cell wall.
Studies on the antigenic structure of Shigella. VII. Structure of the O‐specific side chains of the lipopolysaccharides from strains 2 (serotype 1b) and 1290/63 (variant Y)
Authors: Beer W. , Seltmann G. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractFrom the partial hydrolysates of the lipopolysaccharides from strains 2 (Sh. flexneri 1b) and 1290/63 (Sh. flexneri var. Y) we isolated in both cases a Rha‐Rha‐disaccharide. After trimethylsilylation, gas liquid chromatographic purification and mass spectrometry we could show that the rhamnose molecules of both disaccharides were linked to each other by a 1,3‐glycosidic bond. As we could estimate the other linkages in the O‐specific side chains of these lipopolysaccharides in recent studies, we are now able to present the following structures for the repeating units:
magnified imageIn addition, we found in the lipopolysaccharide of strain 1290/63 rather big quantities of a poly‐α‐(1,4)‐glucan.
Morphogenetic activity of cytochalasins, cyanein, and monorden in Botrytis cinerea
Authors: Betina V. , Mičeková Daniela 
Published: July 2010

AbstractConidia of Botrytis cinerea germinated in the presence of sublethal concentrations of cytochalasin A, cytochalasin D, and monorden to produce swollen and distorted germ tubes which branched more frequently than those of normal conidia. Multiple germ‐tube emergence occurred to a greater extent in conidia treated with cytochalasin A and D. In the presence of monorden the branching young hyphae consisted of chains of oval cells.Sublethal doses of antibiotics added to growing colonies of B. cinerea induced more frequent branching of the young hyphae. Cyanein induced terminal branching. Monorden caused mainly lateral branching with perpendicular short outgrowths having a tendency to further dichotomous branching and swelling of hyphal tips. Cytochalasins A and D induced terminal and lateral branching with swollen hyphal tips and chains of shortened oval cells.Relationships between the modes of action and morphogenetic effects of antibiotics are discussed.
Simultane Übertragung der Ampicillin‐und Carbenicillinresistenz durch R‐Plasmide
Authors: Patsch R. , Höhne C. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBei Konjugationsversuchen zwischen multiresistenten Stämmen von Escherichia coli und Salmonella heidelberg wurde mit der Ampicillinresistenz immer gemeinsam die Resistenz gegen Carbenicillin übertragen. Die durch R‐Plasmide determinierte Resistenz gegen Ampicillin und Carbenicillin wird vermutlich durch ein und dasselbe Gen, das über die Bildung einer Penicillinase die Resistenz realisiert, determiniert.
Untersuchungen zur Antigenstruktur von Shigellen. VIII. Struktur der O‐spezifischen Seitenketten der Lipopolysaccharide eines Shigella flexneri‐Serotyp 2b‐Stammes
Authors: Seltmann G. , Beer W. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractDie Struktur der “repeating units” aus den O‐spezifischen Polysacchariden von Sh. flexneri, Stamm 784/63 (Serotyp 2b, Antigenstruktur II: 7. 8…) wurde nach 2 voneinander unabhängigen Methoden (Partialhydrolyse und Untersuchung der gebildeten Oligosaccharide bzw. Permethylierungsanalyse) bestimmt: magnified image
Comparative electron microscopic studies on Pseudomonas aeruginosa endotoxin
Authors: Dyke J. , Berk R. S. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe endotoxin from Pseudomonas aeruginosa C9 was obtained by five standard methods of extraction for comparative electron microscopic studies. Observation of the five preparations demonstrated the presence of two major types of structures. The first of these was seen in endotoxins prepared by trichloroacetic acid, ethyl ether, hot water, and ethylenediamineteraacetate‐lysozyme extraction, and consisted of discrete spherules containing smaller spherules within and having a homogeneous staining centre and rod‐like border. The other morphologic type was seen only in preparations obtained by the aqueous phenol technique and consisted of pleomorphic staining material and rodlets. Preparations isolated by trichloroacetic acid extraction by phenol extraction. Loss in structural integrity was encountered upon exposure to polymxin B, colistin sulfate and carbenicillin, but not with other antibiotics tested.
Studies on the carbon nutrition of Coriolopsis occidentalis (Klotzsch) Murr
Authors: Fawole M. O. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA study has been made of the carbon nutrition of Coriolopsis occidentalis using carbohydrates, amino acids, and their related compounds in liquid growth medium. Of the simple carbohydrates tested, the oligosaccharides supported growth best followed by xylose. Cellulose supported fair growth as a sole carbon source but its substituted compounds were ineffective. Growth was also fair on amino acids as sole carbon sources but was largely improved in the presence of equimolar amounts of glucose.
Effects of azide, thioglycollic acid, and nitrosoguanidine on growth and nitrogen fixation in different clones of the blue‐green alga Cylindrospermum majus
Authors: Sharma V. K. , Kumar H. D. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractSodium azide and thioglycollic acid weakly inhibited nitrogen fixation in different clones of Cylindrospermum majus in continuous cultures.The growth of different clons of C. majus was slightly stimulated by azide and inhibited by thioglycollic acid and nitrosoguanidine.No mutants or morphological variations could be observed in the algal clones after treatment with a sub‐lethal dose ofnitrosoguanidine although growth and nitrogen fixation were inhibited or depressed.
Exponential growth phase of Pseudomonas methanolica batch cultures
Authors: Shulgovskaya E. M. , Ivanova I. I. , Sotnicov G. G. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAccelerations of the specific growth rate during the exponential growth phase of Pseudomonas methanolica have been observed. There are also fluctuations of the consumption of methanol, the respiratory activity, the ATP content, and the activities of some catabolic enzymes. The content of poly‐β‐hydroxybutyric acid drastically increases up to 60% of the dry weight and then begins to be consumed. This is accompanied by the increase of some other cell constituents (RNA, protein).
Oxydation von n‐Hexadecan durch Acinetobacter calco‐aceticus. Bedingungen und Induktion beteiligter Enzyme
Authors: Aurich H. , Eitner G. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAc. calco‐aceticus 69‐V oxydiert n‐Hexadecan und 1‐Hexadecen in der Warburg‐Apparatur, wenn der Stamm auf n‐Alkanen kultiviert wurde. Gleichzeitig vermag er 1‐Hexadecanol, Hexadecanal, Hexadecansäure und 2‐Hexadecanol — auch nach Wachstum auf Succinat‐Medium — mit Hilfe konstitutiver Enzyme zu oxydieren. Die Fähigkeit zur Oxydation von n‐Hexadecan und 1‐Hexadecen wird durch Induktion erworben, dieser Prozeß wird durch Chloramphenicol verhindert. Einer der induzierbaren Teile des Enzymsystems zur Oxydation von n‐Hexadecan wird in den Zellen innerhalb weniger Stunden vollständig wieder abgebaut.
Beziehung zwischen Instabilität in Saline und Kompetenz für genetische Transformation bei Bacillus subtilis
Authors: Grunow R. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractZellen von B. subtilis SB 25 try2‐ his2‐ wurden inaktiviert, wenn sie vom Medium ge‐ trennt und bei 37°C in Saline aufbewahrt wurden. Das Ausmaß der Inaktivierung war von der Wachstumsphase abhängig, aus der die Zellen entnommen wurden. Es wurde festgestellt, daß die Instabilität in Saline am größten war, wenn die Kultur von einer Wachstumsphase in eine andere überging (lag‐Phase → log‐Phase, log‐Phase → stat. Phase). Die Inaktivierung von kompetenten Zellen war um 2–3 Größenordnungen höher als die inkompetenter Zellen. Kompetente Zellen aus der Beschleunigungsphase und aus der Verzögerungsphase wurden schneller inaktiviert als solche aus der exponentiellen und aus der stationären Phase. Zur Erklärung des zeitgleichen Auftretens von Instabilität in Saline und Kompetenz wird angenommen, daß beide Kennzeichen des gleichen physiologischen Zustandes sind. Es wird diskutiert, daß die gemeinsame Ursache verzögerte Vorgänge bei der Zellwandsynthese sind, die einerseits eine größere osmotische Sensibilität hervorrufen und andererseits die Penetration von Makromolekülen gestatten.
Effect of A‐factor on the growth of asporogenous mutants of Streptomyces griseus, not producing this factor
Authors: Khokhlov A. S. , Anisova L. N. , Tovarova I. I. , Kleiner E. M. , Kovalenko I. V. , Krasilnikova O. I. , Kornitskaya E. Ya. , Pliner S. A. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA‐factor C13H22O4 was shown to be not only the inductor of the biosynthesis of streptomycin in inactive mutants of Streptomyces griseus (Actinomyces streptomycini), but also the potent regulator of differentiation of the cells: it induces the formation of spores in asporogenous strains during their superficial and submerged growth. This is accompanied by morphological modifications in the course of growth of the colonies.
Einfluß von Inhibitoren der Protein‐ und Nucleinsäuresynthese auf die Gestalt des Nucleoids von Escherichia coli
Authors: Dworsky P. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe influence of drugs on the shape and the size of nuclear bodies of Escherichia coli has been studied by electronmicroscopy and sedimentation experiments. Antibiotics inhibiting protein synthesis but not RNA synthesis decrease the size of the nuclear body. Inhibition of RNA synthesis brings about a disintegration of the compact structure of the nucleoid. From electronmicrographs it can be seen that most drugs cause a condensation of the nucleoplasm into one single coherent region. Inhibition of DNA synthesis does not have much influence on the shape of the nuclear body. It is concluded that mainly the transcription process affects the form of the nuclear body.
Untersuchungen über chemisch definierte Nährmedien für Pasteurella multocida und P. haemolytica
Authors: Flossmann K.‐D. , Feist H. , Höfer M. , Erler W. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractUntersuchungen über die Nährstoffbedürftigkeit einiger Stämme von Pasteurella multocida und P. haemolytica führten zur Zusammenstellung chemisch definierter Nährmedien, die als anorganische Bestandteile vor allem Na2HPO4 und MgSO4, als Kohlenstoff‐ und Energiequelle Glucose, als Stickstoffquelle Asparaginsäure, Arginin, Glutaminsäure und Serin, als Schwefelquelle Cystin, und als sonstige Wuchsfaktoren Ca‐Pantothenat, Nicotinsäureamid und Orotsäure enthalten. Optimales Wachstum auf diesen Nährmedien wird jedoch nur bei Anwesenheit geringer Mengen komplexer Nährsubstrate (Pepton, Trypton oder Hefeextrakt), die bisher unbekannte Wuchsfaktoren für P. multocida und P. haemolytica enthalten, erreicht.
Isocitratlyase von Candida guilliermondii, Stamm H17. II. Regelung durch ausgewählte Intermediate des Tricarbonsäurezyklus und Hexoseabbaus
Authors: Hildebrandt W. , Weide H. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractDie Aktivität der Isocitratlyase wurde durch Oxalacetat (KI = 0,05 mM), Pyruvat (KI = 0,8 mM), Succinat (KI = 1,3 mM), Phosphoenolpyruvat (KI = 1,6 mM), Glucose‐6‐Phosphat (KI = 5,0 mM) und ATP gehemmt; die verschiedenen Typen der Hemmwirkung dieser Substanzen werden erörtert. KI‐Werte von 9,0‐10,5 ließen auf einen schwächeren regulatorischen Effekt von Malat, Fumarat und Citrat schließen. Niedrige Konzentrationen von NAD und Glucose‐6‐Phosphat erhöhten unter den angewandten Versuchsbedingungen die Enzymaktivität.
Ultrastruktur des Kern‐assoziierten Körperchens (“centriolar plaque”, “MTOC”, “KCE”) während der Interphase in der Konidie von Aspergillus nidulans
Authors: Künkel W. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractElektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen aufgebrochener Konidien von A. nidulans führten nach Glutaraldehyd‐Osmium‐Fixierung zum Nachweis eines Kern‐assoziierten Körperchens (KK) am Interphasekern. Es liegt dem Nucleolus gegenüber in einer Invagination der Kernhülle und besteht aus zwei stärker kontrastierten diskoiden Einheiten, die durch einen schwächer kontrastierten strukturierten Mittelteil verbunden sind. Im Kerninneren, dem KK benachbart, treten elektronendichte Bereiche auf, die mit den diskoiden Einheiten in Verbindung zu stehen scheinen. Eine Verbindung des Mittelteils mit der Kernhülle fehlt.Wiederholt wurde eine Assoziation zwischen dem KK und multivesikulären Körpern beobachtet, deren mögliche Bedeutung diskutiert wird.
Effect of concentrations of ammonium molybdate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, formaldehyde, and minerals in mixture on the synthesis of amino acids
Authors: Bahadur K. , Verma M. L. , Singh Y. P. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractConsiderable amounts of amino acids were formed in a mixture containing diammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium molybdate, formaldehyde, and mineral salts. Amino acids synthesized in the mixture were glycine, arginine, histidine, aspartic acid, cysteine, and alanine. Under similar conditions the amount of amino acids formed enhanced with the increase in the concentration of diammonium hydrogen phosphate up to 5 to 8 g per 40 ml of the mixture. On increasing the formaldehyde the amount of amino acid formation increased up to 6 ml of formaldehyde in the 80 ml of mixture. Presence of ammonium molybdate, though necessary for the formation of spherical particles in the mixture, did not effect the formation of amino acids.
DNS‐Synthese und Zellteilung in Escherichia coli 15 TAU nach Substratlimitation
Authors: Hilliger M. , Bergter F. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractEs wird untersucht, ob die synchrone Zellteilung von Escherichia coli 15 TAU nach einer stationären Wachstumsphase vom Proteinstoffwechsel (Protein‐turnover) während dieser stationären Phase abhängig ist. Protein‐turnover konnte nur während Glucose‐, nicht jedoch während Arginin‐ oder Uracillimitation gemessen werden (HILLIGER u. BERGTER 1973). Bei allen drei Limitationsarten traten synchrone DNS‐Replikationen und synchrone Zellteilungen nach der stationären Phase auf, so daß eine Korrelation zum Proteinstoffwechsel während der stationären Phase nicht wahrscheinlich ist. Es bestehen Unterschiede im Mechanismus der Initiation zwischen der ersten und zweiten synchronen Zellteilung nach der stationären Phase.
Monosaccharide formation from hydrocarbon by Candida rugosa
Authors: Iida M. , Finnerty W. R. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractMonosaccharide formation resulting from hydrocarbon oxidation by Candida rugosa was determined. C. rugosa was grown in a mineral medium containing 1% alkane (C10‐C17) as sole carbon source. Monosaccharide formation was found on all hydrocarbon substrates tested. A similar result was obtained from fatty acids as intermediate oxidation product of hydrocarbon. An interrelationship between cell growth and formation of monosaccharide was observed in all cases. The amount of monosaccharide with n‐alkane was greater than with 1‐alkene. Also, n‐alkanes of even‐carbon numbers yield approximately 50% more monosaccharide as compared with n‐alkanes of odd‐carbon numbers. The optimal substrates for monosaccharide formation were n‐dodecane and tetradecane. These yields were 170.7 and 181 μg/ml culture broth, respectively. The monosaccharide formed from n‐alkane oxidation was D‐glucose as determined by thin‐layer chromatography, infrared spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses. No extrapolysaccharide was detected in C. rugosa. The biosynthesis of extracellular saccharide is discussed.
Prototheca hydrocarbonea n. sp. ‐ Lebenszyklus, Metabolismus und Feinstruktur
Authors: Kocková‐Kratochvílová Anna , Havelková Marie 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAnhand der von HEYER (1966) aus Erdölschlamm isolierten, n‐Alkane assimilierenden Stämme der farblosen Alge Prototheca wurde die Art Prototheca hydrocarbonea n. sp. beschrieben. Als Typus gilt der nunmehr unter der Nummer CCY 70‐1‐1 in die Tschechoslovakische Sammlung für Hefen (Chemisches Institut der Slovakischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Bratislava, ČSSR) aufgenommene Stamm S6c. Die neue Art unterscheidet sich neben weiteren Merkmalen vor allem durch die Größe der Autosporen, Wachstum bei +42 °C sowie Assimilation von Xylose und Inosit von den anderen Arten der Gattung. Die zur Differenzierung der Sippe erforderlichen physiologischen Merkmale, allgemeine submikroskopische Strukturen und der Lebenszyklus wurden untersucht.
Degeneration phenomenon of alkaloid‐producing strains of Claviceps paspali
Authors: Segal E. , Germanier R. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractPassaging of Claviceps paspali alkaloid‐producing strains leads to degenerative morphological changes which seem to be responsible for a reduction of alkaloid production. It was shown that cultures of Claviceps paspali consist of two types of colonies on a PDA medium: small‐brown and large‐white ones, the first existing mainly in early passages and the latter appearing in successive passages. Apparently, the appearance of white colonies, which might be the result of a mutational process, is responsible for the loss of alkaloid production. The possibility of regeneration through selection of brown colonies is discussed.
The intracellular polysaccharide of Candida rugosa grown on hydrocarbon
Authors: Iida M. , Finnerty W. R. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe intracellular polysaccharide (Ps) content of Candida rugosa grown on non‐hydrocarbon and hydrocarbon substrates were determined. C. rugosa was grown in a mineral medium containing 1% alkane (C10‐C20) as sole carbon source. The cells were harvested at the stationary phase and the Ps isolated and purified from the cells. Ps content from cells grown on n‐decane through pentadecane comprised 2.3‐3.2% of the total cell weight. Ps purified from cells grown on n‐hexadecane through 1‐eicosene comprised 1.7‐2.0%. No difference in Ps content was observed from cells grown on n‐alkane or alk‐1‐ene. The infrared absorption spectra of Ps isolated from hydrocarbon‐grown cells were similar to that of glucose‐grown cell. The spectrum of each Ps was identical with that of authentic mannan. D‐Mannose was the constituent identified in each Ps. The nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of Ps isolated from alkanes‐ or alk‐1‐enes‐grown cells also were similar to that of Ps isolated from glucose‐grown cells. These studies indicate that hydrocarbonchain length does not affect the chemical structure and composition of Ps, but, rather quantitatively influences Ps content of C. rugosa. The possible chemical structure of Ps is discussed on the basis of chemical analyses.