bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Technologies supporting analytical cytology: clinical, research and drug discovery applications
Authors: Cecic Ivana K. , Li Gerald , MacAulay Calum 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe tools and techniques developed for analytical cytology have become invaluable in expanding the development of cancer screening programs and biomarker discovery for personalized medicine. Detecting cellular, molecular, and functional changes of diseased tissue as defined by quantitative analytical methodologies has enhanced the field of medical diagnostics and prognostics. The focus of this review is to outline applications and recent technical advances in flow cytometry, laser scanning cytometry, image cytometry, and quantitative image analysis, as they pertain to clinical, research, and drug discovery applications. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The utility of far‐infrared illumination in oxygenation dynamics as measured with near‐infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Wang Chun‐Yang , Chuang Ming‐Lung , Chuang Ching‐Cheng , Hsieh Yao‐Sheng , Sun Chia‐Wei 
Published: January 2012

AbstractNear‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a noninvasive method for measuring the oxygenation in muscle and other tissues in vivo. For quantitative NIRS measurement of oxygenation dynamics, the vessel‐occlusion test was usually applied as physiological intervention. There are several drawbacks of the vessel‐occlusion method that include skin contact, uncomfortable and microcirculation block of patients. Thus, we propose the far‐infrared (FIR) illumination as a new physiological intervention method in this paper. Our preliminary result shows a linear correlation of oxygenation dynamic signals between FIR illumination and arterial‐occlusion test (AOT) that implies the FIR illumination could be applied for hemodynamic response measurement in clinical diagnosis. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
In vivo imaging of hepatic excretory function in the rat by fluorescence microscopy
Authors: Recknagel Peter , Claus Ralf A. , Neugebauer Ute , Bauer Michael , Gonnert Falk A. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractApplying intravital fluorescence microscopy, we assessed sinusoidal delivery and biliary clearance of two different polymethine dyes. DY635, a benzopyrylium‐based hemocyanine dye with shorter excitation wavelength than indocyanine green (ICG), was validated for assessment of hepatic excretory function. Decrease of DY635 and ICG reflecting transcellular transport was 83 ± 4% (DY635) and 14 ± 2% (ICG; p < 0.05) over 35 minutes, respectively. In cholestasis, hepatobiliary excretion of DY635 was markedly impaired (control 3176 ± 148 pmol vs. cholestatic 1929 ± 179 pmol; p < 0.05). DY635 even enabled an analysis at high resolution suggesting 1.) hepatocyte uncoupling and 2.) failure of primarily the canalicular pole, allowing in vivo insights into molecular mechanisms of this critical facet of hepatobiliary function. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Fibrillogenesis of human β2‐microglobulin in three‐dimensional silicon microstructures
Authors: Merlo Sabina , Barillaro Giuseppe , Carpignano Francesca , Silva Gloria , Surdo Salvatore , Strambini Lucanos M. , Giorgetti Sofia , Nichino Daniela , Relini Annalisa , Mazzini Giuliano , Stoppini Monica , Bellotti Vittorio 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe authors describe the interaction of biological nanostructures formed by β2‐microglobulin amyloid fibrils with three‐dimensional silicon microstructures consisting in periodic arrays of vertical silicon walls (≈3 μm‐thick) separated by 50 μm‐deep air gaps (≈5 μm‐wide). These structures are of great interest from a biological point of view since they well mimic the interstitial environment typical of amyloid deposition in vivo. Moreover, they behave as hybrid photonic crystals, potentially applicable as optical transducers for label‐free detection of the kinetics of amyloid fibrils formation. Fluorescence and atomic force microscopy (AFM) show that a uniform distribution of amyloid fibrils is achieved when fibrillogenesis occurs directly on silicon. The high resolution AFM images also demonstrate that amyloid fibrils grown on silicon are characterized by the same fine structure typically ensured by fibrillogenesis in solution. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
HMGB1 mediates IFN‐γ‐induced cell proliferation in MMC cells through regulation of cyclin D1/CDK4/p16 pathway
Authors: Feng Xiaojuan , Hao Jun , Liu Qingjuan , Yang Lin , Lv Xin , Zhang Yujun , Xing Lingling , Xu Ning , Liu Shuxia 
Published: January 2012

AbstractPrevious studies have revealed the elevated serum levels of High‐mobility group box‐1(HMGB1) and the interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ)‐induced proliferation of renal mesangial cells in patients or experimental animals with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, it is still not elucidated whether HMGB1 involves in the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis (LN) and mediates IFN‐γ‐induced mesangial cell proliferation. Therefore, in the present study we demonstrated HMGB1 mRNA and protein levels were increased in the glomeruli of LN patients and BXSB mice. HMGB1 increased the proliferation index of mouse mesangial cells (MMC) that was accompanied with the up‐regulation of cyclin D1, CDK4 and the down‐regulation of p16, subsequently promoting the transition from the G0/G1 to S stage. Inhibition of HMGB1 by a specific short hairpin RNA vector prevented cyclin D1/CDK4/p16 up‐regulation and attenuated IFN‐γ‐induced MMC cell proliferation and PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen, PCNA) expression. These findings indicate that HMGB1 mediates IFN‐γ‐induced cell proliferation in MMC cells through regulation of cyclin D1/CDK4/p16 pathway and promoting the cell cycle transition from G1 to S stage. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 2009–2019, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
MiR‐221 promotes cardiac hypertrophy in vitro through the modulation of p27 expression
Authors: Wang Changxin , Wang Shuiyun , Zhao Peng , Wang Xiaojian , Wang Jizheng , Wang Yilu , Song Lei , Zou Yubao , Hui Rutai 
Published: January 2012

AbstractCardiac hypertrophy has been known as an independent predictor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Molecular mechanisms underlying the development of heart failure remain elusive. Recently, microRNAs (miRs) have been established as important regulators in cardiac hypertrophy. Here, we reported miR‐221 was up‐regulated in both transverse aortic constricted mice and patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Forced expression of miR‐221 by transfection of miR‐221 mimics increased myocyte cell size and induced the re‐expression of fetal genes, which were inhibited by the knockdown of endogenous miR‐221 in cardiomyocytes. The TargetScan algorithm‐based prediction identified that p27, a cardiac hypertrophic suppressor, is the putative target of miR‐221, which was confirmed by luciferase assay and Western blotting.In conclusion, our results demonstrated that miR‐221 regulated cardiomyocyte hypertrophy probably through down‐regulation of p27, suggesting that miR‐221 may be a new intervention target for cardiac hypertrophy. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 2040–2046, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
3‐hydroxy 3‐methylglutaryl coenzyme a reductase inhibition impairs muscle regeneration
Authors: Trapani Laura , Segatto Marco , La Rosa Piergiorgio , Fanelli Francesca , Moreno Sandra , Marino Maria , Pallottini Valentina 
Published: January 2012

AbstractSkeletal muscle has the ability to regenerate new muscle fibers after injury. The process of new muscle formation requires that quiescent mononuclear muscle precursor cells (myoblasts) become activated, proliferate, differentiate, and fuse into multinucleated myotubes which, in turn, undergo further differentiation and mature to form functional muscle fibers. Previous data demonstrated the crucial role played by 3‐hydroxy 3‐methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGR), the rate‐limiting enzyme of cholesterol biosynthetic pathway, in fetal rat myoblast (L6) differentiation. This finding, along with epidemiological studies assessing the myotoxic effect of statins, HMGR inhibitors, allowed us to speculate that HMGR could be strongly involved in skeletal muscle repair. Thus, our research was aimed at evaluating such involvement: in vitro and in vivo experiments were performed on both mouse adult satellite cell derived myoblasts (SCDM) and mouse muscles injured with cardiotoxin. Results demonstrate that HMGR inhibition by the statin Simvastatin reduces SCDM fusion index, fast MHC protein levels by 60% and slow MHC by 40%. Most importantly, HMGR inhibition delays skeletal muscle regeneration in vivo. Thus, besides complaining of myopathies, patients given Simvastatin could also undergo an impairment in muscle repair. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 2057–2063, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Protein kinase Cδ but not PKCα is involved in insulin‐induced glucose metabolism in hepatocytes
Authors: Brutman‐Barazani Tamar , Horovitz‐Fried Miriam , Aga‐Mizrachi Shlomit , Brand Chagit , Brodie Chaya , Rosa Jagoda , Sampson Sanford R. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe liver is a major insulin‐responsive tissue responsible for glucose regulation. One important mechanism in this phenomenon is insulin‐induced glycogen synthesis. Studies in our laboratory have shown that protein kinase Cs delta (PKCδ) and alpha (α) have important roles in insulin‐induced glucose transport in skeletal muscle, and that their expression and activity are regulated by insulin. Their importance in glucose regulation in liver cells is unclear. In this study we investigated the possibility that these isoforms are involved in the mediation of insulin‐induced glycogen synthesis in hepatocytes. Studies were done on rat hepatocytes in primary culture and on the AML‐12 (alpha mouse liver) cell line. Insulin increased activity and tyrosine phosphorylation of PKCδ within 5 min. In contrast, activity and tyrosine phosphorylation of PKCα were not increased by insulin. PKCδ was constitutively associated with IR, and this was increased by insulin stimulation. Suppression of PKCδ expression by transfection with RNAi, or overexpression of kinase dead (dominant negative) PKCδ reduced both the insulin‐induced activation of PKB/Akt and the phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) and reduced significantly insulin‐induced glucose uptake. In addition, treatment of primary rat hepatocytes with rottlerin abrogated insulin‐induced increase in glycogen synthesis. Neither overexpression nor inhibition of PKCα appeared to alter activation of PKB, phosphorylation of GSK3 or glucose uptake in response to insulin. We conclude that PKCδ, but not PKCα, plays an essential role in insulin‐induced glucose uptake and glycogenesis in hepatocytes. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 2064–2076, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Electrochemical Surface Structuring with Polyaniline Wrapped Hb for Hydrogen Peroxide Biosensing
Authors: He Yaping , Zheng Jianbin , Sheng Qinglin 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThrough the electrodeposition of aniline with hemoglobin (Hb) on zincoxide‐gold colloidal sols (ZnO‐AuNPs) modified indium oxide electrode, a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) biosensor was constructed. Polyaniline (PANI) form a nano‐cage wrapped Hb, which provided a comfortable and stable site for the immobization of Hb. UV‐vis spectrum was employed to characterize Hb retained original structure in the resulting Hb‐PANI/ZnO‐AuNPs membrane. Electrochemical investigation of the biosensor showed a pair of well‐defined, quasi‐reversible redox peaks with Epa= ‐0.139 V and Epc = ‐0.238 V (vs. SCE) in 0.1 M pH 7.0 phosphate buffer solution at the scan rate of 100 mV/s. The biosensor displayed a fast response time (<3 s) and broad linear response to H2O2 in the range from 1.5 μM to 1.7 mM with a detection limit of 0.8 μM (S/N = 3).
(Imido)vanadium(V)‐alkyl, Alkylidene Complexes Exhibiting Unique Reactivities towards Olefins, Phenols, and Benzene via 1,2‐C‐H Bond Activation
Authors: Nomura Kotohiro 
Published: January 2012

AbstractRecent examples for synthesis and reaction chemistry with (imido)vanadium(V)‐alkyl, ‐alkylidene complexes have been briefly summarized. (Arylimido)vanadium(V) dichloride complexes especially containing aryloxo ligands exhibited notable activities for ethylene polymerization, and the reacition pathways for the polymerization/dimerization using (imido)vanadium(V) dichloride complexes containing (2‐anilidomethyl)pyridine ligands can be tuned by modification of the steric bulk in the imido substituents; the adamantylimido analogues exhibited exceptionally high both activity and selectivity in the dimerization. These vanadium(V)‐alkyl complexes showed unique reactivity toward phenols; the reaction proceeds via coordination of phenols to the vanadium. The vanadium(V)‐alkylidene complexes were generated by α‐hydrogen elimination from the dialkyl analogues in the presence of PMe3 etc.; the subsequent 1,2‐C‐H bond activation of benzene with (arylimido)vanadium(V)‐alkylidene containing 1,3‐(2′,6′‐diiso‐propylphenyl)imidazolin‐2‐iminato (ImDIPPN) ligand took place cleanly.
Studies on Suzuki‐Miyaura Reactions Catalyzed by Ferrocenyl or Cobaltocenyl Phosphines Ligated Palladium Complexes
Authors: Hsiao Jun , Weng Chia‐Ming , Hong Fung‐E 
Published: January 2012

AbstractDFT studies on several dppf‐ and dppc‐derived bidentate phosphines ligated palladium complexes catalyzed Suzuki‐Miyaura coupling reactions were pursued. The catalytic reactions employing ligands, having two phosphine biting sites on different cyclpentadienyl or cyclobutadiene rings, such as 1,1′‐dmpf or 1,1′‐dmpc, have been verified to be energetically more favorable than those on the same ring provided that tetra‐coordinated palladium conformations for all transition states and intermediates are maintained. Apart from the purpose of storage, the application of phosphinous acid (R2P(OH)) in Suzuki‐Miyaura reaction is inferior to tertiary phosphine (R3P).
Montmorillonite as a Heterogeneous Catalyst in the Efficient, Mild and One Pot Synthesis of Schiff Bases under Solvent‐Free Conditions
Authors: Naeimi Hossein , Rabiei Khadijeh 
Published: January 2012

AbstractA mild and efficient method has been reported for preparation of Schiff base ligands through condensation reaction of various aromatic aldehydes and ketones with different aromatic amines in the presence of montmorillonite as a heterogeneous catalyst under solvent free conditions. The advantages of this friendly, economically, environmentally and mild method are such as; simplicity of the reaction procedure, reusability of catalyst, simple work‐up, high product yields and very short reaction times.
Electrochemical Oxidation and Sensitive Determination of Pyrogallol at Preanodized Screen‐Printed Carbon Electrodes
Authors: Feng Pi‐Shan , Wang Sheng‐Ming , Su Wan‐Yu , Cheng Shu‐Hua 
Published: January 2012

AbstractIn this study, we report a simple, low‐cost and rapid electrochemical sensor based on the anodically pretreated screen‐printed carbon electrodes (SPCE*) for the determination of pyrogallol in pH 7.0 buffer solutions. Cyclic voltammetric studies show that SPCE* lowers overpotentials and improve electrochemical behaviour of pyrogallol, compared to untreated SPCE. All experimental parameters were optimized to improve voltammetric responses; excellent analytical features were achieved by flow‐injection amperometric methods. A linear calibration plot was obtained for 10‐1000 μM pyrogallol with a slope of 0.0562 μA/μM. The detection limit (S/N = 3) was 0.33 μM. Interferences from some inorganic salts and organic compounds were studied. The assay was applied to the determination of pyrogallol in tap water and lake water, respectively.
Efficient Liquid‐Phase Oxidation of Diphenylmethane to Benzophenone over Vanadium‐Containing MCM‐41 Catalysts
Authors: Chen Chih‐Wei , Ko An‐Nan 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe liquid‐phase oxidation of diphenylmethane with tert‐butylhydroperoxide has been studied using vanadium‐containing MCM‐41 materials, which were prepared by direct hydrothermal (V‐MCM‐41) and wet impregnation (V/MCM‐41) methods. These catalysts were characterized in detail by ICP‐AES, N2‐sorption, XRD, FT‐IR, 29Si and 51V NMR, TPD of ammonia, TPR of hydrogen, and chemisorption of oxygen. Both series of catalyst show good catalytic results, which are attributed to their highly ordered mesoporous structure, large BET surface area as well as the presence of easily accessible vanadium‐oxygen species as active centers in the catalyst. Further, V‐MCM‐41 exhibit superior catalytic activity (based on turnover number) than V/MCM‐41 mainly due to well‐dispersed tetrahedral vanadium‐oxygen species with higher oxidation ability. The effect of reaction parameters, i.e., temperature, time, solvent, etc. were investigated. Catalyst recycling test reveals good stability with only slight extent of leaching during the reaction.
Study on Spectrophotometric Method for Determination of Bismuth after Flotation Separation Using Microcrystalline Adsorption System
Authors: Wen Xin‐Rong , Tu Chang‐Qing 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe paper presents a novel method for the flotation separation of Bi3+ using microcrystalline adsorption system prior to the determination by spectrophotometry. The effects of different parameters, such as the dosages of KI and dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (DTMAB), various salts and acidity etc. on the flotation yield of Bi3+ have been investigated to select the optimum experimental conditions. The possible flotation separation mechanism of Bi3+ was discussed. The results showed that under the optimum conditions, dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide cation (DTMAB+ ) reacted with I− to produce themicrocrystalline matter (Ms‐M) of (DTMAB+·I−), the water‐insoluble ternary association complex of (DTMAB)3[BiI6] which produced by Bi3+ and I−, DTMAB+ was quantificationally adsorbed on the surface of Ms‐M of (DTMAB+·I−) and was floated above water phase, the liquid‐solid phases were formed with clear interface. In this condition, K+, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Mn2+, Zn2+, Fe2+ and Al3+ could not be floated. Therefore, Bi3+ was separated completely from the above metal ions. A new method for flotation separation and determination of bismuth using microcrystalline adsorption system was established. The proposed method has been successfully applied to the determination of Bi3+ in bismuthiferous drug samples, and the results agreed well with those obtained by pharmacopoeia method. The recoveries were 94.1%∼106.8%, and the RSD was 1.5%∼2.3%.
Schist‐like Nanostructured Manganese Oxides and Their Electrochemical Capacitance Properties
Authors: Chen Lung‐Jing , Ko Wen‐Yin , Chen Yu‐Hung , Lin Kuan‐Jiuh 
Published: January 2012

AbstractWith an aim to develop environment friendly and inexpensive materials for electrochemical capacitor electrodes, nanocrystalline γ‐MnO2 with layered architecture of schist‐like structure was successfully synthesized by reducing mixed MnSO4×H2O and CTAMnO4 precursors in stoichiometric amounts through a hydrothermal process. The as‐prepared MnO2 was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and thermal gravimetric analysis. Also, cyclic voltammetry was employed to investigate the electrochemical properties of the products in neutral KCl aqueous solution, showing a higher enhanced capacitive performance than that of the sample without a coating of schist‐like γ‐MnO2, indicating that our MnO2‐based electrode provides a promising opportunity for high‐performance energy storage devices.
Pigment removal in anaerobically digested effluent through polyelectrolyte flocculation and liquid–liquid extraction
Authors: Zhang Tianxi , Jiang Anping , Harrison Joseph H. , Chen Shulin 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: Use of flocculation in wastewater treatment involves interactions of polymer with suspended solids and some dissolved organic compounds that can have a significant impact on aggregation process.RESULTS: It was found that a strong interaction between cationic compounds and dissolved pigments in anaerobically digested (AD) wastewater occurred. The interactions were investigated by light adsorption of the pigments using a commercial flocculant added in the solutions and through a liquid–liquid extraction method using a model cationic surfactant (CTAB) dissolved in organic solvents. The absorbance of pigments decreased significantly with added cationic flocculant as the pigments and flocculants formed insoluble complexes that were removed by centrifugation.CONCLUSION: The absorbance results indicate that the pigments can form complexes even at high concentrations (e.g. 2000 mg L−1) of the flocculants. In addition, the extraction results demonstrated that pigments in the aqueous phase were transferred into the CTAB organic phase due to a strong interaction between the pigments and CTAB. These results suggest that the pigments present in AD effluent could be a negative factor for the flocculation process, probably resulting in the need for a high dosage of flocculants. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
How should we measure left atrium size and function?
Authors: Vizzardi Enrico , D'Aloia Antonio , Rocco Elena , Lupi Laura , Rovetta Riccardo , Quinzani Filippo , Bontempi Luca , Curnis, MD Antonio , Dei Cas Livio 
Published: January 2012

AbstractEchocardiographic assessment of left atrial size from M‐mode or 2D echocardiography measurements has been used in clinical and research studies for years, but its accuracy is now questioned. New techniques, such as 3D and tissue Doppler imaging, assessing velocities, strain and strain rate, provide improved prognostic value in a wide range of diseases. 2D strain imaging using speckle tracking on B‐mode images may yield even better, angle‐independent, results than tissue Doppler imaging‐derived strain echocardiography. Finally, velocity vector imaging is a novel image analysis technique that may be used to quantify left atrial volume. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2012
Macrolide therapy and outcomes in a multicenter cohort of children hospitalized with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia
Authors: Shah Samir S. , Test Matthew , Sheffler‐Collins Seth , Weiss Anna K. , Hall Matthew 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND:Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a common cause of community‐acquired pneumonia in childhood. Few studies have addressed the association of antimicrobial treatment and outcomes.OBJECTIVE:To determine whether macrolide therapy is associated with improved outcomes among children hospitalized with M. pneumoniae pneumonia.DESIGN:Multicenter retrospective cohort study.SETTING:Thirty‐six children's hospitals which contribute data to the Pediatric Health Information System.PATIENTS:Children 6‐18 years of age discharged with a diagnosis of M. pneumoniae pneumonia.MAIN EXPOSURE:Initial macrolide therapy.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Length of stay (LOS), all‐cause readmissions, and asthma‐related hospitalizations.RESULTS:Empiric macrolide therapy was administered to 405 (58.7%) of 690 patients. The median LOS was 3 days (interquartile range, 2‐6 days). Eight (1.2 %) patients were readmitted within 28 days, and 160 (23.2%) were readmitted within 15 months of index discharge. Ninety‐five (13.7%) patients were hospitalized for asthma within 15 months of index discharge. Empiric macrolide therapy was associated with a 32% shorter overall LOS (adjusted beta‐coefficient, −0.38; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.59 to −0.17). Macrolide therapy was not associated with all‐cause readmission at 28 days (adjusted odds ratio, 1.12; 95% CI: 0.22‐5.78) or 15 months (adjusted odds ratio, 1.00; 95% CI: 0.59‐1.70) or with asthma‐related hospitalizations at 15 months (adjusted odds ratio, 0.85; 95% CI: 0.36‐1.97).CONCLUSION:In this large multicenter study of children hospitalized with M. pneumoniae pneumonia, empiric macrolide therapy was associated with a shorter hospital LOS. Macrolide therapy was not associated with 28‐day or 15‐month hospital readmission. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2012; © 2012 Society of Hospital Medicine