bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of surgical intervention for stress urinary incontinence (UI) on post‐prostatectomy UI during sexual activity
Authors: Jain Rajat , Mitchell Sarah , Laze Juliana , Lepor Herbert 
Published: September 2011

Study Type – Therapy (case series)Level of Evidence 4What's known on the subject? and What does the study add?It is well recognized that RP is associated with short‐ and long‐term SUI and erectile dysfunction. The incidence, clinical significance and treatment of UI during sexual activity is less well understood. The present study demonstrates the effectiveness of both an AUS and male sling to improve sexual QOL in men presenting with both SUI and UI during sexual activity.OBJECTIVE
To determine the impact of anti‐incontinence surgical procedures (artificial urinary sphincter [AUS] or male sling) on bother due to urinary incontinence (UI) during sexual activity after radical prostatectomy (RP).
PATIENTS AND METHODS
Between October 2000 and December 2007, 27 men in a large single‐surgeon RP series underwent anti‐incontinence surgery with an AUS or male sling.
In all, 16 of these 27 men completed a questionnaire retrospectively capturing bother attributable to UI during arousal and orgasm and the impact of the AUS/male sling on UI and sexual quality of life (QoL).
RESULTS
In all, 15 men were evaluable. Of these, 11 were sexually active; four and seven men underwent AUS and sling placement, respectively.
All 11 men had a marked improvement in stress UI symptoms, which was the primary indication for surgery.
All men undergoing AUS had an improvement in their sexual QoL, and most (three of four men) indicated marked improvement.
Slightly more than half of men undergoing the sling procedure reported marked improvement in sexual QoL.
CONCLUSIONS
Our study shows a beneficial effect of anti‐incontinence surgery on UI during sexual activity.
Whether these surgical approaches would benefit men with significant bother due to UI limited to sexual activity warrants further investigation.
Diagnosis of isolated high‐grade prostatic intra‐epithelial neoplasia: proposal of a nomogram for the prediction of cancer detection at saturation re‐biopsy
Authors: Roscigno Marco , Scattoni Vincenzo , Freschi Massimo , Abdollah Firas , Maccagnano Carmen , Galosi Andrea , Lacetera Vito , Montironi Rodolfo , Muzzonigro Giovanni , Deho Federico , Deiana Gianfranco , Belussi Domenico , Chinaglia Daniela , Montorsi Francesco , Da Pozzo Luigi F. 
Published: September 2011

Study Type – Diagnostic (case series)Level of Evidence 4What's known on the subject? and What does the study add?Multifocality, age, PSA values, and biopsy protocols regarding the predictive value of high grade PIN have been discussed extensively in the literature.Our study developed for the first time a predictive nomogram that could be helpful for patient counselling and to guide the urologist to perform rPBX after an initial diagnosis of isolated HGPIN.OBJECTIVE
To evaluate factors that may predict prostate cancer (PCa) detection after the initial diagnosis of high‐grade prostatic intra‐epithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) on prostate biopsy (PBx) with six to 24 random cores.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
We retrospectively evaluated 262 patients submitted from 1998 to 2007 to prostate re‐biopsy (rPBx) after an initial HGPIN diagnosis in tertiary academic centres.
HGPIN diagnosis was obtained on initial systematic PBx with six to 24 random cores.
All patients were re‐biopsied with a ‘saturation’ rPBx with 20–26 cores, with a median time to rPBx of 12 months.
All slides were reviewed by expert uropathologists.
RESULTS
Plurifocal HGPIN (pHGPIN) was found in 115 patients and monofocal HGPIN (mHGPIN) was found in 147 patients.
In total, 108 and 154 patients, respectively, were submitted to >12‐core initial PBx and ≤12‐core initial PBx.
Overall PCa detection at rPBx was 31.7%. PSA level (7.7 vs 6.6 ng/mL; P= 0.031) and age (68 vs 64 years; P= 0.001) were significantly higher in patients with PCa at rPBx.
PCa detection was significantly higher in patients with a ≤12‐core initial PBx than in those with a >12‐core initial PBx (37.6% vs 23.1%; P= 0.01), as well as in patients with pHGPIN than in those with mHGPIN (40% vs 25.1%; P= 0.013).
At multivariable analysis, PSA level (P= 0.041; hazards ratio, HR, 1.08), age (P < 0.001; HR, 1.09), pHGPIN (P= 0.031; HR, 1.97) and ≤12‐core initial PBx (P= 0.012; HR, 1.95) were independent predictors of PCa detection.
A nomogram including these four variables achieved 72% accuracy for predicting PCa detection after an initial HGPIN diagnosis.
CONCLUSIONS
PCa detection on saturation rPBx after an initial diagnosis of HGPIN is significantly higher in patients with a ≤12‐core initial PBx than those with a >12‐core initial PBx and in patients with pHGPIN than in those with mHGPIN.
We developed a simple prognostic tool for the prediction of PCa detection in patients with initial HGPIN diagnosis who were undergoing saturation rPBx.
Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) combined with bortezomib inhibits renal cancer growth by enhancing histone acetylation and protein ubiquitination synergistically
Authors: Sato Akinori , Asano Takako , Ito Keiichi , Sumitomo Makoto , Asano Tomohiko 
Published: September 2011

What's known on the subject? and What does the study add?The treatment modality for advanced renal cancer is limited and new treatment approaches are urgently needed. Beneficial effects of bortezomib combined with SAHA have recently been reported. However, there are no previous reports of this combination being tested against renal cancer and its further mechanisms of action should be clarified.This study examined the combined effects of these two clinically feasible drugs and showed that the combination inhibits renal cancer cell proliferation by enhancing both protein ubiquitination and histone acetylation synergistically.OBJECTIVE
To investigate the combined effect of two clinically feasible drugs, the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib and the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), on human renal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The effectiveness of the combination of bortezomib (10–20 nm) and SAHA (1–5 µm) on renal cancer cells (Caki‐1, ACHN, A‐498, 786‐O, 769‐P) was assessed by MTS assay, colony formation assay, cell cycle analysis, and apoptosis assay.
In vivo efficacy was evaluated using murine subcutaneous (s.c.) tumour models.
Protein ubiquitination, unfolded protein response, histone acetylation, and changes in the expression of HDAC were evaluated by western blotting.
RESULTS
The combination of SAHA and bortezomib induced apoptosis and inhibited cancer cell proliferation synergistically (combination indices <1) and colony formation significantly (P < 0.05).
In s.c. tumour models a 10‐day treatment with a combination of SAHA (50 mg/kg) and bortezomib (60 µg/kg) inhibited tumour growth significantly (P < 0.05).
Mechanistically, SAHA combined with bortezomib enhanced protein ubiquitination synergistically and enhanced histone acetylation by inhibiting the expression of HDACs.
CONCLUSION
SAHA combined with bortezomib inhibits the proliferation of renal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, and the effectiveness of the combination is due to its synergistic enhancement of histone acetylation and protein ubiquitination.
Is there a contemporary role for percutaneous needle biopsy in the era of small renal masses?
Authors: Phé Véronique , Yates David R. , Renard‐Penna Raphaële , Cussenot Olivier , Rouprêt Morgan 
Published: September 2011

Study Type – Diagnostic (case series)Level of Evidence 4What's known on the subject? and What does the study add?The diagnosis of small renal masses (SRMs) has increased in recent years partly as a consequence of the liberal use of radiological imaging in an ageing co‐morbid population. Our knowledge of the natural history of SRMs now informs us of the indolent nature of most SRMs which parallels the expansion of management strategies for SRMs, including nephron sparing surgery, radiofrequency ablation, cryotherapy and active surveillance. Though conventional imaging has improved, imaging does not have the ability to characterise the biological or aggressive potential of an SRM.Renal mass biopsy (RMB) has increased in popularity in recent years and is a potential valuable tool in the assessment of SRMs. The facts that (1) a significant number of SRMs are diagnosed in an elderly patient cohort, (2) 20% of SRMs are benign on formal histology, (3) there are various management strategies now available and (4) modern RMB has a diagnostic accuracy >90% with few complications, are all reasons why there has been renewed interest in RMB. However, clinical judgement is paramount as there remains an unpredictable non‐negligible risk of disease progression and metastasis whilst on surveillance.OBJECTIVE
To evaluate based on the best available data whether there is a contemporary role for percutaneous needle biopsy in the era of small renal masses.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
SRMs are acknowledged to be tumours less than 4 cm and account for 48%–66% of new kidney cancers. Renal mass biopsy (RMB), traditionally limited to specific clinical scenarios and with inherent diagnostic accuracy problems has increased in popularity in recent years and is a potential valuable tool in the assessment of SRMs. Our discussion focusses on these issues.
We performed a thorough Medline literature review using a combination of the following keywords; small renal mass, renal biopsy, percutaneuous renal biopsy, renal mass biopsy and renal cell carcinoma. We identified the seminal articles with data/information pertaining to renal mass biopsy in small renal masses.
RESULTS
The facts that 1) a significant number of SRMs are diagnosed in an elderly patient cohort, 2) 20% of SRMs are benign on formal histology, 3) there are various management strategies now available and 4) modern RMB has a diagnostic accuracy >90% with few complications, are all reasons why there has been renewed interest in RMB.
CONCLUSION
There is a contemporary role for RMB in the era of SRM as the incorporation of molecular profiling of tissue from RMB would augment our ability to risk stratify SRMs on an individual patient basis and adopt management accordingly. However, clinical judgement is paramount as there remains an unpredictable non‐negligible risk of disease progression and metastasis whilst on surveillance.
Considering Privacy as a Public Good and Its Policy Ramifications for Business Organizations
Authors: BORNA SHAHEEN , SHARMA DHEERAJ 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTThe main objective of this study is to discuss the ramifications of considering privacy as a public good for business organizations. Using an extensive literature review, an attempt to achieve this objective is made by trying to answer the following questions: (1) What are the historical and philosophical roots of privacy? (2) How is the concept of privacy defined and what are the controversies surrounding different definitions of privacy? (3) Does an individual have a right to privacy? (4) If the answer to question three is in affirmative, what are the philosophical and legal foundations of that right? (5) How can an individual's privacy be invaded? (6) Is privacy right an individual right or does it have a societal value? (7) What are the reasons for considering privacy as a public good? Finally, the article offers prescriptive insights for organizations to successfully obtain information from consumer while respecting their privacy.
Job satisfaction and quit intentions of offshore workers in the UK North Sea oil and gas industry
Authors: Dickey Heather , Watson Verity , Zangelidis Alexandros 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe North Sea oil and gas industry currently faces recruitment and retention difficulties because of a shortage of skilled workers. One means of retaining existing employees is to improve workers’ job satisfaction. In this paper, we investigate the determinants of job satisfaction and intentions to quit within this industry sector. We find that individuals in good financial situations, those whose skills are closely related to their job and those who received training reported higher levels of job satisfaction. Furthermore, we establish the importance of job satisfaction, promotion prospects and training opportunities in determining workers’ intentions to quit their job.
The Making of Pro‐Poor Growth
Authors: Carmignani Fabrizio 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA system of three endogenous equations is used to estimate the determinants of poverty dynamics. The system incorporates: (i) the direct effect of growth and income inequality on poverty, (ii) the feedback effect of poverty on inequality and growth, and (iii) different channels through which economic policies can contribute to poverty reduction. Results suggest that countries tend to move towards one of two possible equilibria. The positive (virtuous) equilibrium is characterized by fast growth, decreasing inequality, and rapid poverty reduction. The negative (vicious) equilibrium involves slow (or even negative) growth, sharpening inequalities, and resilient poverty. The policy mix is critical in determining to which of the two equilibria a country converges.
The Impact of Fixed Exchange Rates on Fiscal Discipline
Authors: El‐Shagi Makram 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIn this paper, it is shown that contrary to standard arguments, fiscal discipline is not substantially enhanced by a fixed exchange rate regime. This study is based on data from 116 countries collected from 1975 to 2004, and uses various estimation techniques for dynamic panel data, in particular a generalized method of moments estimation in the tradition of Arellano and Bover [Journal of Econometrics (1995), 68, 29] and Blundell and Bond [Journal of Econometrics (1998), 87, 115]. Contrary to previous papers on this topic, the present paper takes into account that the consequences of a new exchange rate regime do not necessarily fully manifest immediately.
Tax evasion and competition
Authors: Goerke Laszlo , Runkel Marco 
Published: September 2011

AbstractUsing a Cournot oligopoly model with an endogenous number of firms and evasion of indirect taxes, we show that more intense competition may have the negative side effect of increasing tax evasion, thereby, lowering public revenues and welfare. This will be the case if market entry costs decrease. A similar result will hold if marginal production costs fall and demand is either weakly concave, or convex and inelastic. The result of more competition, less evasion and higher public revenues will be obtained if (a) marginal production costs fall and demand is convex and elastic or (b) the demand elasticity increases. As a policy implication, we prove that tax enforcement should be intensified if there is a negative trade‐off between competition and evasion.
Impacts of Internal Financing on Investment Decisions by Optimistic and Overconfident Managers
Authors: Kamoto Shinsuke 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe paper examines the interactions of investment decisions by managers who display optimistic and overconfident biases on the prospects of firm growth and riskiness with internal financing. The model demonstrates that the investment threshold for optimistic and overconfident managers can both rise above and fall below the threshold to maximize the market value of the firm, depending on the level of internal funds. It also derives the optimal level of internal funds that induces the managers to maximize the market value of the firm and illustrates the impacts of managerial optimism and overconfidence.
Beyond the fad: a critical review of consumer fashion involvement
Authors: Naderi Iman 
Published: September 2011

AbstractFashion involvement has been regarded as an important research topic in consumer research. Despite the importance of this topic, no attempt has been made in the past to review, assess and consolidate extant research on fashion involvement. This study presents a comprehensive and critical review and analysis of the recent studies on involvement in the context of fashion clothing to indicate the current state and identify possible gaps. A content analysis of the current peer‐reviewed journal articles published on this research topic reveals a paucity of research on a number of antecedents and consequences of involvement. Further, the findings show that the research method is biased towards the survey method as opposed to experimentation. In this paper, the results of the content analysis outlining methodologies, sample characteristics, variables and major findings are provided and analysed, followed by directions for future research, theoretical and managerial implications, and limitations.
The process, logistics and challenges of implementing clinical supervision in a generalist tertiary referral hospital
Authors: Brunero Scott , Lamont Scott 
Published: September 2011

Scand J Caring Sci; 2012; 26; 186–193The process, logistics and challenges of implementing clinical supervision in a generalist tertiary referral hospitalClinical supervision (CS) has been identified within nursing as a process for improving clinical practice and reducing the emotional burden of nursing practice. Little is known about its implementation across large tertiary referral hospitals. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the implementation of clinical supervision across several different nursing specialities at a teaching hospital in Sydney, Australia. Using a model of nursing implementation science, a process was developed at the study site that facilitated the development, implementation and evaluation of the project. After a 6‐month study period, the CS groups were postevaluated using a survey tool developed for the project. A total of nine CS groups were in operation over the 6‐month study period. A predominant focus within the sessions was one of the collegial support and developing standards of practice. The process was able to achieve wide hospital‐based support for the role of CS from the senior nurse executives to junior nurses. Whilst there was overall positive support for the CS groups, logistical and resource challenges remain, in the effective roll out of CS to large numbers of nurses.
Goal programming to model human decision making in ultimatum games
Authors: Beullens Patrick , Zaibidi Nerda Z. , Jones Dylan F. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractGoal Programming (GP) is applied to modelling the decision making processes in the well‐known Ultimatum Game and some of its variations. The decision model for a player is a Chebychev GP model that balances her individual desires with the mental model she has of the desires of other relevant players. Fairness is modelled as a universal mechanism, allowing players to differ in their belief of what a fair solution should be in any particular game. The model's conceptual framework draws upon elements considered of importance in the field of cognitive neuroscience, and results from the field of psychology are used to further specify the types of goals in the model. Computer simulations of the GP models, testing a number of Ultimatum, Dictator and Double‐Blind Dictator Games, lead to distributions of proposals made and accepted that correspond reasonably well with experimental findings.
Malignant Pheochromocytoma Presenting as Incapacitating Bony Pain
Authors: Tan Marilyn , Camargo Carlos A. , Mojtahed Amirkaveh , Mihm Fred 
Published: September 2011

Abstract:Among adrenal incidentalomas, pheochromocytomas are rare. Malignant pheochromocytoma is even less common, and it typically presents with classic hormonal symptoms, such as palpitations, labile blood pressures, and headaches. Bony metastasis usually occurs late in disease, but we report an unusual case of incapacitating bony pain as the initial presentation of malignant pheochromocytoma. Our patient is a 70‐year‐old woman with neurofibromatosis type 1 and a history of primary hyperparathyroidism, who tested negative for the ret mutation. She came to medical attention with chest pain and palpitations and was incidentally found to have an adrenal mass. Serum and urine testing was consistent with pheochromocytoma. Her blood pressure was easily controlled as she awaited elective adrenalectomy; however, she quickly developed severe, diffuse bony pain. She represented with hypercalcemia, spontaneous fractures, and incapacitating pain that required such high doses of pain medications that she had to be intubated. Further imaging and bone marrow biopsy confirmed metastatic neuroendocrine tumor. She received one round of chemotherapy with no change in her bony pain, which was her primary complaint. Unfortunately, her treatment options were limited by the heavy sedation required for comfort, and in the end, it was her bony pain rather than hormonal symptoms that made her disease untreatable.▪
FCGR3B*03 allele inheritance pattern in Brazilian families and some new variants of gene FCGR3B
Authors: Terzian Claudia C.N. , Chiba Akemi K. , Santos Viviani C. , Silva Neusa P. , Bordin Jose O. 
Published: September 2011

BACKGROUND: The FCGR3B gene encoding the FcyRIIIb receptor for immunoglobulin G has three polymorphic forms known as HNA‐1a, HNA‐1b, and HNA‐1c, encoded by the alleles FCGR3B*01, FCGR3B*02, and FCGR3B*03, respectively. It is not clear whether the inheritance of the FCGR3B*03 allele, which encodes the HNA‐1c, is linked or not to the other two alleles. The objective of this study was to identify the inheritance pattern of the FCGR3B*03 allele in Brazilians.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Blood samples from nine families with at least one FCGR3B*03(+) member, totalizing 47 individuals, were studied. The presence of the FCGR3B*01, FCGR3B*02, and FCGR3B*03 alleles was detected by the polymerase chain reaction with sequence‐specific priming method, and all DNA samples were sequenced.RESULTS: In three of the nine studied families, the FCGR3B*03 was passed down with the FCGR3B*02, while in one family the FCGR3B*03 was inherited in linkage with FCGR3B*01. The other families were not informative regarding FCGR3B*03 inheritance. Sequencing showed for the first time one single‐nucleotide polymorphism at Position 264 resulting from a simple substitution C→T; three other different substitutions at Position 230, T→A, T→G; and the presence of three nucleotides at Position 230 (T, G, and A). The previously reported variants FCGR3B*01A227G and FCGR3BG330T were also found.CONCLUSION: In this Brazilian FCGR3B*03(+) group we found that the inheritance of FCGR3B*03 took place by a linkage to FCGR3B*02 or to FCGR3B*01. Linkage of FCGR3B*03 to FCGR3B*02 was the most common. Additionally, we report SNPs that have not been described, suggesting that they might be more common than previously thought.