bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Light‐Induced Dynamics in Conjugated Bis(terpyridine) Ligands – A Case Study Toward Photoactive Coordination Polymers
Authors: Siebert Ronald , Winter Andreas , Schmitt Michael , Popp Jürgen , Schubert Ulrich S. , Dietzek Benjamin 
Published: March 2012

AbstractTerpyridine coordination compounds have recently revealed their potential toward optoelectronic applications, which are based on (i) their excellent charge‐transfer properties or (ii) intriguing luminescence properties of the systems, depending on their design. This article features recent work in dissecting the photophysical properties of such materials by investigating the photoinduced processes in individual molecular fragments. The article starts considering the terpyridine ligands themselves before discussing the impact of metal coordination. After shedding light into the interplay of different electronic states in the terpyridine complexes, first results of a single‐molecule fluorescence study are presented, which allow for correlation of the overall luminescence properties with the structure of the polymer.
Mechanism for dynamic regulation of iNOS expression after UVB‐irradiation
Authors: Lu Wei , Wu Shiyong 
Published: March 2012

AbstractUltraviolet B (UVB) induces an immediate activation of cNOSs, which contributes to the early release of nitric oxide after irradiation. UVB also induces the expression of iNOS, which peaks at both the mRNA and protein level near 24 h post‐irradiation. The induced expression of iNOS contributes largely to the late elevation of nitric oxide after UVB irradiation. However, the regulation of iNOS expression in the early stages of UVB irradiation is not well studied. We previously reported that the UVB‐induced early release of nitric oxide leads to the activation of PERK and GCN2, which phosphorylate the alpha‐subunit of eIF2 and inhibit protein synthesis. In this report, we demonstrate that eIF2 phosphorylation plays a critical role in regulation of iNOS expression in the early‐phase (with in 12 h) of UVB irradiation. Our data shows that with an increased phosphorylation of eIF2, the iNOS protein expression was reduced even though the iNOS mRNA expression was linearly increased in HaCaT and MEF cells after UVB irradiation. The UVB‐induced dynamic up‐ and down‐regulation of iNOS expression was almost completely lost in MEFA/A cells, which contain a nonphosphorylatable S51A mutation on eIF2. Our results suggest that the UVB‐induced eIF2 phosphorylation does not only regulate iNOS expression at the translational level, but at the transcriptional level as well. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
miR‐106a is frequently upregulated in gastric cancer and inhibits the extrinsic apoptotic pathway by targeting FAS
Authors: Wang Zaozao , Liu Mei , Zhu Hongxia , Zhang Wei , He Shun , Hu Chenfei , Quan Lanping , Bai Jinfeng , Xu Ningzhi 
Published: March 2012

AbstractEmerging evidence has shown the association of aberrantly expressed miR‐106a with cancer development, however, little is known about its potential role in gastric carcinogenesis. In our present study, obviously overexpressed miR‐106a was found in gastric cancer tissues compared with their nontumor counterparts. Suppression of miR‐106a significantly inhibited gastric cancer cell proliferation and triggered apoptosis. Bioinformatic analysis combining with validation experiments identified FAS as a direct target of miR‐106a. Rescue experiments and examination of caspase‐8, PARP and caspase‐3 further approved that miR‐106a could inhibit gastric cancer cell apoptosis through interfering with FAS‐mediated apoptotic pathway. Moreover, a significant inverse correlation was found between miR‐106a and FAS expression not only in gastric cancer cell lines but also in gastric cancer specimens. Taken together, these findings suggest that ectopicly overexpressed miR‐106a may play an oncogenic role in gastric carcinogenesis and impair extrinsic apoptotic pathway through targeting FAS. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Simulation of a baroclinic wave with the WRF regional model: sensitivity to the initial conditions in an ideal and a real experiment
Authors: Blázquez Josefina , Pessacg Natalia L. , Gonzalez Paula L. M. 
Published: March 2012

ABSTRACTA sensitivity study to perturbations in the initial conditions in a simulated evolution of a baroclinic wave using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) regional model is discussed in this paper. With the goal of analysing the impacts of these perturbations in the context of weather forecast and also with the aim of exploring the presence of preferred directions of growth in the errors, two cases were analysed: an ideal experiment using a case study available from the WRF set‐up and a simulation of a real evolution of a mid‐latitude cyclone over Southeastern South America (SESA) and the Atlantic Ocean. In the ideal experiment two spatial structures were considered for the perturbations, random and sinusoidal noise, while for the real experiment only sinusoidal structures were considered. These perturbations were then applied to the initial conditions of temperature and zonal wind. Additionally, simulations with an increment in atmospheric moisture were performed for the real experiment. It was found in both real and ideal cases that the temperature errors tend to organize in a preferable direction of growth, although this direction changes depending on the case considered. Results also show that perturbations in temperature field lead to larger error than perturbing the zonal wind. Finally, the increment of moisture did not produce significant changes in the distribution or intensity of the errors in the real case.
Vascular pressure monitorization for necessity of vascular augmentation in a rat extended abdominal perforator flap model
Authors: Gümüş Nazim , Erkan Muhammet , Erçöçen Ali̇ Riza 
Published: March 2012

AbstractIn case blood perfusion compromises, vascular enhancement with arterial supercharge or venous superdrainage can increase viability of the flap. In this study, vascular pressure monitorization was used in a rat extended abdominal perforator flap model to reveal intraoperative vascular compromise and the need for vascular augmentation. A rat abdominal perforator flap was designed, which was based on the right second cranial perforator of epigastric artery. Vascular pressures of the flap were monitored continuously for 60 min, by catheters placed in the right superficial inferior epigastric artery and vein. Forty rats were divided into four experimental groups, as follows: group 1 (n = 10, no vascular augmentation), group II (n = 10, arterial supercharge), group III (n = 10, venous superdrainage), and group IV (n = 10, arterial and venous augmentation). Arterial supercharge and/or venous superdrainage were performed by using the left superficial inferior epigastric artery and vein. After the rats were sacrificed on the 7th day, total flap area and necrotic regions were evaluated. Mean arterial blood pressure was found significantly lower (P < 0.05) and mean venous blood pressure was measured significantly higher (P < 0.05) in group I than the groups II, III, and IV. Flap survival area was also larger in the groups II, III, and IV than the group I (P < 0.05). The results of this experimental study demonstrate that arterial insufficiency and venous congestion are almost always present in the rat extended abdominal perforator flap model, similar to deep inferior epigastric perforator flap. When such an extended perforator flap is used, arterial and venous pressure monitorization may be considered as a tool to support intraoperative clinical findings to reveal the need of vascular augmentation and ascertain flap viability. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery, 2012.
Bilateral simultaneous breast reconstruction with SGAP flaps
Authors: Flores Jaime I. , Magarakis Michael , Venkat Raghunandan , Shridharani Sachin M. , Rosson Gedge D. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractBackground:Two work‐horse approaches to postmastectomy breast reconstruction are the deep inferior epigastric perforator flap and the superior gluteal artery perforator (SGAP) flap [and its variation, the lateral septocutaneous superior gluteal artery perforator flap]. Our purpose was fourfold: 1) to analyze our experience with the SGAP flaps for simultaneous bilateral breast reconstruction; 2) to analyze our experience with lateral septocutaneous superior gluteal artery perforator flaps for that procedure; 3) to compare our results with those in the literature; and 4) to highlight the importance of preoperative three‐dimensional computed tomographic angiography.Methods:A retrospective chart review was completed for 23 patients who underwent breast reconstruction between December 2005 and January 2010 via an SGAP flap (46 flaps). We reviewed flap weight, ischemia time, length of stay, overall flap survival, fat necrosis development, and emergency re‐exploration.Results:Mean weights were 571.2 ± 222.0 g (range 186–1,117 g) and 568.0 ± 237.5 g (range 209–1,115 g) for the left and right buttock flap, respectively. Mean ischemia time was 129.1 ± 15.7 and 177.7 ± 24.7 minutes for the first and second flap, respectively. Mean hospital stay was 5.3 ± 2.5 days. All flaps survived. Fat necrosis developed in five flaps (10.8%), and emergency re‐exploration was required in three patients (three flaps).Conclusions:When harvesting abdominal tissue is a poor option, the SGAP flap is an efficacious procedure for patients desiring autologous breast reconstruction, and bilateral procedures can be performed simultaneously. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery, 2012.
Primary repair of crush nerve injuries by means of biological tubulization with muscle‐vein‐combined grafts
Authors: Tos Pierluigi , Battiston Bruno , Ciclamini Davide , Geuna Stefano , Artiaco Stefano 
Published: March 2012

AbstractDespite extensive research and surgical innovation, the treatment of peripheral nerve injuries remains a complex issue, particularly in nonsharp lesions. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical outcome in a group of 16 patients who underwent, in emergency, a primary repair for crush injury of sensory and mixed nerves of the upper limb with biological tubulization, namely, the muscle‐vein‐combined graft. The segments involved were sensory digital nerves in eight cases and mixed nerves in another eight cases (four median nerves and four ulnar nerves). The length of nerve defect ranged from 0.5 to 4 cm (mean 1.9 cm). Fifteen of 16 patients showed some degree of functional recovery. Six patients showed diminished light touch (3.61), six had protective sensation (4.31), and three showed loss of protective sensation (4.56) using Semmes‐Weinstein monofilament test. All the patients who underwent digital nerve repair had favorable results graded as S4 in one case, S3+ in six cases, and S3 in one case. With respect to mixed nerve repair, we observed two S4, two S3+, two S3, one S2, and one S0 sensory recovery. Less favorable results were observed for motor function with three M4, one M3, two M2, and two M0 recoveries. Altogether, the results of this retrospective study demonstrates that tubulization nerve repair in emergency, in case of short nerve gaps, may restore the continuity of the nerve avoiding secondary nerve grafting. This technique preserves donor nerve and, in case of failure, does not preclude a delayed repair with a nerve graft. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery, 2012.
In vivo imaging of vessel diameter, size, and density: A comparative study between MRI and histology
Authors: Lemasson Benjamin , Valable Samuel , Farion Régine , Krainik Alexandre , Rémy Chantal , Barbier Emmanuel L. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe aim of this study was to compare magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histological estimates of the mean vessel diameter (mVD), the vessel density (Density), and the vessel size index (VSI) obtained in the same tumor‐bearing animals. Twenty‐seven rats bearing intracranial glioma (C6 or RG2) were imaged by MRI. Changes in transverse relaxations (ΔR and R2) were induced by the injection of an iron‐based contrast agent and were mapped using a multi gradient‐echo spin‐echo sequence. Then, brain vascular network was studied ex vivo by histology. Three regions of interest were drawn in apparently normal tissue (neocortex and striatum) and in the tumor. In vivo mVDMRI, DensityMRI, and VSIMRI were measured; ex vivo, mVDhisto, Densityhisto, and VSIhisto were quantified on the same animals. MRI and histology measurements differed by −15 to 26%. A positive correlation was found between MRI and histology for mVD, Density, and VSI counterparts (R2 = 0.62, 0.50, 0.73, respectively; P < 0.001 in all cases). This study indicates that MRI and histology yields well correlated the estimates of mVD, Density, and VSI. VSI is the closest MRI estimate to histology. As Density and mVD or VSI provide complementary information, it is worth computing them to characterize angiogenesis beyond blood volume fraction. Magn Reson Med, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Isolated necrotizing myopathy associated with ANTI‐PL12 antibody
Authors: Mehndiratta Prachi , Mehta Sonal , Manjila Sunil V. , Kammer Gary M. , Cohen Mark L. , Preston David C. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractIntroduction:Immune‐mediated myopathies are a heterogeneous group of chronic autoimmune disorders. Autoantibodies associated with this disease complex are classified into myositis‐associated and myositis‐specific. Anti‐tRNA synthetase antibodies are the most well known of the myositis‐specific antibodies. Previous reports have revealed an association of tRNA synthetase autoantibodies with systemic connective tissue disorders.Methods:Our case report involved a 49‐year‐old man who developed difficulty walking and climbing stairs 5 months prior to his initial visit. No rash or skin changes were observed.Results:Laboratory testing was positive for anti‐PL12 autoantibody with a negative evaluation for connective tissue disorder (CTD). The patient was found to have necrotizing myopathy associated with anti‐PL12 antibodies in the absence of inflammatory changes on biopsy, significant derangement of muscle enzymes, or findings characteristic of a typical CTD.Conclusion:A high index of suspicion must be maintained for immune‐mediated necrotizing myopathy despite the absence of an identifiable CTD and milder symptoms. Muscle Nerve 46: 282–286, 2012
New loop diuretic prescriptions may be an acute risk factor for falls in the nursing home
Authors: Berry Sarah D. , Mittleman Murray A. , Zhang Yuqing , Solomon Daniel H. , Lipsitz Lewis A. , Mostofsky Elizabeth , Goldense Dana , Kiel Douglas P. 
Published: March 2012

ABSTRACTPurposeAlthough chronic use of diuretics has been implicated as a risk factor for falls, it is unknown whether changes in diuretic drugs are associated with an acutely elevated risk of falls. We evaluated the relationship between change in a diuretic prescription (new prescription or increased dose) and the occurrence of documented falls among nursing home residents.MethodsParticipants of the cohort were 1785 long‐term care residents of two large nursing homes (2005–2010; Boston, MA). A self‐matched, case‐crossover analysis was used to examine whether there is an acutely increased risk of falling in the day following a diuretic drug change compared with days without a diuretic drug change. Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated using conditional logistic regression models.ResultsDuring a mean follow‐up of 8.4 months, 1181 participants experienced an incident fall. Nine participants experienced a diuretic change on the day before the fall. The odds of falling one day following a change in a diuretic was elevated (OR = 2.08; 95%CI = 0.89, 4.86). The association was stronger and reached nominal statistical significance when loop diuretics were examined separately (OR = 2.46; 95%CI = 1.02, 5.92). We estimated that, for every 271 loop diuretic drug changes, one excess fall occurred.ConclusionsNursing home residents are at an increased risk of falls in the day following a new prescription or increased dose of a loop diuretic drug. Extra precautions should be taken immediately following a loop diuretic drug change in an effort to prevent falls. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The incredible years teacher classroom management program: Using coaching to support generalization to real‐world classroom settings
Authors: Reinke Wendy M. , Stormont Melissa , Webster‐Stratton Carolyn , Newcomer Lori L. , Herman Keith C. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThis article focuses on the Incredible Years Teacher Classroom Management Training (IY TCM) intervention as an example of an evidence‐based program that embeds coaching within its design. First, the core features of the IY TCM program are described. Second, the IY TCM coaching model and processes utilized to facilitate high fidelity of implementation of IY TCM by classroom teachers are highlighted. The goal is to demonstrate the use of coaching as a support system toward effective generalization of the IY TCM strategies among teachers with diverse backgrounds and skills who work with students with varying developmental, academic, and social–emotional needs. Implications for school psychologists, researchers, and implementation science are discussed. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Wrapping mimicking in drug‐like small molecules disruptive of protein–protein interfaces
Authors: Accordino Sebastián R. , Morini Marcela A. , Sierra María Belén , Fris J. Ariel Rodríguez , Appignanesi Gustavo A. , Fernández Ariel 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe discovery of small‐molecule drugs aimed at disrupting protein–protein associations is expected to lead to promising therapeutic strategies. The small molecule binds to the target protein thus replacing its natural protein partner. Noteworthy, structural analysis of complexes between successful disruptive small molecules and their target proteins has suggested the possibility that such ligands might somehow mimic the binding behavior of the protein they replace. In these cases, the molecules show a spatial and “chemical” (i.e., hydrophobicity) similarity with the residues of the partner protein involved in the protein–protein complex interface. However, other disruptive small molecules do not seem to show such spatial and chemical correspondence with the replaced protein. In turn, recent progress in the understanding of protein–protein interactions and binding hot spots has revealed the main role of intermolecular wrapping interactions: three‐body cooperative correlations in which nonpolar groups in the partner protein promote dehydration of a two‐body electrostatic interaction of the other protein. Hence, in the present work, we study some successful complexes between already discovered small disruptive drug‐like molecules and their target proteins already reported in the literature and we compare them with the complexes between such proteins and their natural protein partners. Our results show that the small molecules do in fact mimic to a great extent the wrapping behavior of the protein they replace. Thus, by revealing the replacement the small molecule performs of relevant wrapping interactions, we convey precise physical meaning to the mimicking concept, a knowledge that might be exploited in future drug‐design endeavors. Proteins 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Nongenital warts: recommended management in general practice
Authors: Hussain Fawad , Ormerod Anthony 
Published: March 2012

AbstractNongenital warts are benign skin lesions caused by HPV infection and can be easily treated in primary care. Our Drug review presents the different clinical types and discusses the properties and efficacy of the available treatment options, followed by sources of further information. Copyright © 2012 Wiley Interface Ltd
Some difficulties in considering rotation motion within the Born–Oppenheimer approximation for polyatomic molecules
Authors: Sutcliffe Brian 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe original account of the Born–Oppenheimer approximation is not mathematically secure because it is not legitimate to use perturbation theory in its development. It is necessary to use an asymptotic expansion based upon an electronic Hamiltonian defined in terms of a fiber bundle. Although with this approach it has been possible account for the traditional results for a diatomic molecule, rotational motion in the polyatomic case has not so far been accounted for. It is argued here that it is not generally possible to provide a mathematically secure account of the Born–Oppenheimer approximation for polyatomic molecules, in which rotation can be considered as a separable motion. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Comparative study of diradical characters and third‐order nonlinear optical properties of linear/cyclic acenes versus phenylenes
Authors: Muhammad Shabbir , Minami Takuya , Fukui Hitoshi , Yoneda Kyohei , Minamide Shu , Kishi Ryohei , Shigeta Yasuteru , Nakano Masayoshi 
Published: March 2012

AbstractA long‐range corrected spin‐unrestricted density functional theory (LC‐UDFT) approach has been used to investigate the diradical character (yi) and third‐order nonlinear optical properties of linear/cyclic [N]acenes and [N]phenylenes in their ground states, where N is the number of benzene rings in each linear and cyclic configuration. It has been found that linear and cyclic acenes with N = 5–10 show singlet diradical characters, while linear and cyclic phenylenes with equivalent number of benzene rings have closed‐shell configurations. The amplitudes of third‐order nonlinear optical polarizability (γzzzz) for open‐shell linear/cyclic acenes are larger especially in intermediate range of diradical character than those of closed‐shell phenylene counterparts. For example, the γzzzz values of [5]cyclic acene (y0 = y1 = 0.320) is 4.89 × 103 a.u. which is about 6 times larger than those of 0.80 × 103 a.u. for closed‐shell [5]cyclophenylene. Similarly, γzzzz value of [5]linear acene is also about 9 times larger than its closed‐shell [5]linear phenylene counterpart. Our results show interesting insights into the relationship among the architectures, diradical characters and γzzzz values of different acenes and phenylenes. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mitochondria‐Targeting Photoacoustic Therapy Using Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Zhou Feifan , Wu Shengnan , Yuan Yi , Chen Wei R. , Xing Da 
Published: March 2012

AbstractIn vitro photoacoustic therapy using modified single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) as “bomb” agents is a newly reported approach for cancer. Herein, a mitochondria‐targeting photoacoustic modality using unmodified SWNTs and its in vitro and in vivo antitumor effect are reported. Unmodified SWNTs can be taken up into cancer cells due to a higher mitochondrial transmembrane potential in cancerous cells than normal cells. Under the irradiation of a 1064 nm pulse laser, 79.4% of cancer cells with intracellular SWNTs die within 20 s, while 82.3% of normal cells without SWNTs remain alive. This modality kills cancer cells mainly by triggering cell apoptosis that initiates from mitochondrial damage, through the depolarization of mitochondria and the subsequent release of cytochrome c after photoacoustic therapy. It is very effective in suppressing tumor growth by selectively destroying tumor tissue without causing epidermis injury. Taken together, these discoveries provide a new method using mitochondria‐localized SWNTs as photoacoustic transducers for cancer treatment.