bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A simple fractal geometry to design multiband frequency selective surfaces
Authors: Campos A. L. P. S. , da Silva Segundo F. C. G. , Maniçoba R. H. C. , Gomes Neto A. , D'Assunção A. G. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThis article presents simulation and experimental investigation of a frequency‐selective surface (FSS) using simple fractal geometry. The geometry used in design of multiband FSS was the fractal spiral element (FSE). Simulated results obtained to fractals FSS were compared with measured results. Three structures were designed with FSE Levels 4, 5, and 6. These entire structures act like stop‐band filters with multiband response. Both simulation and experimental investigations were done. Simulation investigation was performed using the Ansoft Designer™ software. Experimental investigation was performed using an Agilent Technologies vector network analyzer—model N5230A. A good agreement between the results was obtained. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54: 2321–2325, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27045
Portable Mbps point‐to‐point OOK‐NRZ visible light communication devices based on white light‐emitting diode illuminant
Authors: Liu Yang , Zheng Chuan‐Tao , Li Yan‐Ting , Ye Wei‐Lin 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBy using on‐off‐keying nonreturn‐to‐zero modulation, a reliable point‐to‐point visible light communication (VLC) data link between the developed portable VLC transmitter and receiver is established. The VLC structure and principle, the spectral characteristics of white light‐emitting diode, and visible detector, and the time‐ and frequency‐domain electro‐optical‐electro responses, are experimentally studied. Under a definite threshold voltage, the VLC transmission turns out to be band pass feature, and at a communication distance of 0.5 m, the maximum bit rate is up to 4 Mbps. Besides, for dropping the bit error ratio to an acceptable value, a modulation coefficient within the range of 0.68∼1 is preferred, and a suitable bias voltage range is also desired. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2248–2252, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27052
Small square slot antenna with dual band‐notch function by using inverted T‐shaped ring conductor‐backed plane
Authors: Ojaroudi Nasser , Ojaroudi Mohammad 
Published: July 2012

AbstractIn this article, a novel method for designing a new slot antenna with dual band‐notch characteristic for ultra‐wideband applications has been presented. By inserting a coupled inverted T‐shaped ring strip on the other side of the substrate, a dual band‐notch function generated, also additional resonance is excited and hence much wider impedance bandwidth can be produced, especially at the higher band. The measured results reveal that the presented dual band‐notch slot antenna offers a wide bandwidth with two notched bands, covering all the 5.2/5.8‐GHz wireless local area network, 3.5/5.5‐GHz WiMAX, and 4‐GHz C bands. The designed antenna has a small size of 20 × 20 mm2. Good return loss and radiation pattern characteristics are obtained in the frequency band of interest. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2267–2270, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27057
Methods to improve the bandwidth performance for compact dielectric resonator antennas
Authors: Ge Yuehe 
Published: July 2012

AbstractTwo techniques are implemented to improve the impedance matching and the bandwidth of ultrawideband (UWB) rectangular stacked dielectric resonator antennas (DRAs), making them more reliable for FCC UWB application.Cutting a groove on the bottom side of the dielectric resonator can improve the impedance matching within the UWB bandwidth, whereas a square metallic patch connected to a coaxial probe to excite the DRA can extend the entire UWB. Applying the two techniques together to the rectangular stacked DRA can both improve the impedance matching and the bandwidth, without compromising any performance. Theoretical and experimental verification for the two techniques are conducted. A prototype antenna that has a dielectric volume of 12 × 8 × 14.9 mm3 (or 0.124λ × 0.083λ × 0.152λ at 3.1 GHz) achieves a |S11| < −10 dB bandwidth of 111.2%, covering the entire FCC UWB bandwidth (3.1–10.6 GHz, 1:3.4 or 109.5%), and an average measured gain of 6 dBi over the band. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2252–2256, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27058
Novel compact UWB antenna with reconfigurable dual‐band notches using pin diode switches actuated without λg/4 DC bias lines
Authors: Naser‐Moghadasi Mohammad , Reza Haraty Mohammad , Seyed Momeni Seyed Majid , Virdee Bal S. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThis article presents a simple and compact ultrawideband (UWB) microstrip antenna whose band limited notches can be dynamically reconfigured individually to circumvent the problem of interference encountered between UWB and WiMAX/WLAN systems. The coplanar waveguide‐fed antenna includes a defected ground structure (DGS) that generates the desired notch bands at the two aforementioned service bands. PIN diodes integrated within the DGS are used to electronically control the individual band limited notches without affecting each other's characteristics and the antenna's overall performance. The proposed technique offers the solution to the problem encountered in existing reconfigurable antennas which serve only one frequency band at a time. Furthermore, the proposed antenna use PIN diodes that do not need any dc bias line etched on the dielectric substrate, and thereby avoiding the problems associated with dc effects. Details of the antenna's design and simulation results are presented and validated with practical measurements. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2392–2397, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27066
Influence of probe pressure when using MM‐wave open‐ended probe for diagnosis of the human skin
Authors: Smulders P.F.M. , Janssen N. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractMillimeter‐wave (mm‐wave) reflectometry is a potentially interesting technique to analyze the human skin. We examined the possible influence of the probe pressure on the reflection coefficient obtained with a mm‐wave empty open‐ended wave‐guide probe when used for diagnosis of human skin. It is demonstrated that this influence can be considerable.© 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2341–2342, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27074
Microstrip L‐band antenna based on julia prefractal curve
Authors: Caramanica F. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractIn this Letter, a wideband antenna operating in a portion of the L‐Band frequency range is presented. The antenna is based on a prefractal geometry belonging to Julia Set and optimized by means of hybrid‐coded genetic algorithm to minimize size and voltage‐standing‐wave‐ratio coefficient and consequently meet physical and electrical requirements. After numerical assessment, a prototype of the global positioning system‐band antenna has been built and experimentally tested. The comparison between numerical and experimental data shows a good agreement and the satisfaction of requirements. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2327–2330, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27088
Compact single‐feed circularly polarized aperture‐coupled stack antenna with minkowski‐island‐based fractal patch
Authors: Hung Tian‐Fu , Liu Ji‐Chyun , Bor Sheau‐Shong , Chen Chi Chiang 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe authors propose a compact single‐feed stack antenna consisting of a Minkowski‐island‐based (MIB) fractal patch with perturbation, an aperture‐coupled structure, and a straight‐strip feed line for circular polarization (CP) and unidirectional radiation applications. The MIB fractal configuration with second‐order iteration is embedded in the patch for miniaturization. The size reduction of 39.1% is achieved in contrast to the typical patch antenna. This fractal structure applies both dual‐mode and orthogonal mode effects simultaneously in the square patch to present bandwidth (BW) and CP characteristics. The stack antenna presents the desired axial ratio (AR) bands of 2.44 GHz with 3‐dB BW = 30 MHz (1.2%). The CP is demonstrated with AR spectrum, orthogonal modes distributions, and phase difference. The proposed antenna is successfully simulated and measured with frequency responses, radiation patterns, and current distributions. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2278–2283, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27090
Accelerated point spread function mapping using signal modeling for accurate echo‐planar imaging geometric distortion correction
Authors: Dragonu Iulius , Lange Thomas , Baxan Nicoleta , Snyder Jeff , Hennig Juergen , Zaitsev Maxim 
Published: July 2012

AbstractEcho‐planar imaging is a fast and commonly used magnetic resonance imaging technique with applications in diffusion weighted and functional MRI. Fast data acquisition in echo‐planar imaging is accomplished by the extended readout, which also introduces sensitivity to off‐resonance effects such as amplitude of static (polarizing) field inhomogeneities and eddy‐currents. These off‐resonance effects produce geometric distortions in the corresponding echo‐planar images. To correct for these distortions, an acceleration of point spread function (PSF) acquisition using a special sampling pattern is presented in this work. The proposed technique allows for reliable and fully automated distortion correction of echo‐planar images at a field strength of 3 T. Additionally, a new approach to visualize and determine the distortions in a hybrid (x, y, kPSF) three‐dimensional space is proposed. The accuracy and robustness of the proposed technique is demonstrated in phantom and in vivo experiments. The accuracy of the presented method here is compared to previous techniques for echo‐planar imaging distortion correction such as PLACE. Magn Reson Med, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Attitudes towards prenatal testing and termination of pregnancy in British Pakistani parents and relatives of children with recessive conditions in the UK
Authors: Ahmed S. , Ahmed M. , Sharif S. M. , Sheridan E. , Taylor G. R. 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo compare British Pakistani parents' and their relatives' attitudes to prenatal testing (PND) and termination of pregnancy (TOP) for a range of conditions.MethodA total of 222 British Pakistani participants: 117 parents of children with a child with a genetic condition (52 fathers and 65 mothers) and 103 of their relatives (51 males and 52 females) completed a structured questionnaire about their attitudes toward PND and TOP for 30 different conditions.ResultsParents were more accepting of PND (P < 0.001) and TOP (P < 0.001) than their relatives for most of the conditions. Male relatives were consistently least interested in PND and TOP, except for conditions at the serious end of the continuum, where over 90% would opt for PND for quadriplegia and anencephaly, and over 60% would opt for TOP for these conditions.ConclusionThe lower level of interest in PND and TOP in relatives, particularly men, may be due to lack of information disseminated by parents about their child's recessive inheritance and its implications for relatives, resulting in poor understanding of genetic risk. These findings highlight the need for the provision of proactive genetic counselling to raise awareness of genetic risk and facilitate informed reproductive decision‐making in at‐risk relatives. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Adult antisocial syndrome co‐morbid with borderline personality disorder is associated with severe conduct disorder, substance dependence and violent antisociality
Authors: Freestone Mark , Howard Rick , Coid Jeremy W. , Ullrich Simone 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTThis study tested the hypothesis that syndromal adult antisocial behaviour (AABS) co‐morbid with borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a syndrome that emerges from severe conduct disorder (CD) in childhood and adolescence and is strongly associated, in adulthood, with both violence and substance dependence. In a sample of 8 580 community‐resident adults screened for the presence of personality disorders, the following predictions arising from this hypothesis were tested: first, that those with AABS co‐morbid with BPD would, in comparison with those showing AABS or BPD only, show a high level of antisocial outcomes, including violence; second, that adjusting for co‐morbid alcohol dependence would attenuate group differences in many of the antisocial outcomes, and violence in particular; and third, that the AABS/BPD group would show both a high prevalence and a high severity of CD, and that adjusting for co‐morbid CD would attenuate any association found between AABS/BPD co‐morbidity and violence. Results confirmed these predictions, suggesting that AABS/BPD co‐morbidity mediates the relationship between childhood CD and a predisposition to adult violence. The triad of AABS/BPD co‐morbidity, alcohol dependence and severe CD is likely associated with the risk of criminal recidivism in offenders with personality disorder following release into the community. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Physical activity and exercise‐induced bronchoconstriction in Greek schoolchildren
Authors: Anthracopoulos Michael B. , Fouzas Sotirios , Papadopoulos Marios , Antonogeorgos George , Papadimitriou Anastasios , Panagiotakos Demosthenes B. , Nicolaidou Polyxeni , Priftis Kostas N. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the association between physical activity and exercise‐induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) in an urban population sample of schoolchildren, taking into account potential confounders such as asthma symptoms and overweight.MethodsChildren aged 10–12 years answered validated questionnaires on physical activity (Physical Activity and Lifestyle Questionnaire) and asthma symptoms (ISAAC questionnaire), and were categorized according to their body mass index (BMI). EIB (FEV1 decrease from baseline ≥13%) was assessed by a standardized free running Exercise Challenge Test (ECT).ResultsSix hundred seven children completed the ECT. There were no differences among asthma groups (diagnosed asthma, asthma‐related symptoms not diagnosed as asthma, no asthma‐related symptoms) regarding total daily energy expenditure and time spent in mild (1.1–2.9 metabolic equivalents—METs), moderate (3–6 METs), and vigorous (>6 METs) activities. Only overweight/obese EIB‐positive children had shorter duration of vigorous activity as compared to their EIB‐negative or non‐overweight/obese EIB‐positive peers. Total daily energy expenditure and duration of mild‐ and moderate‐intensity activity were negatively associated with EIB independently of BMI status or asthma‐related symptoms.ConclusionsDecreased levels of physical activity are associated with EIB irrespectively of BMI status and asthma‐related symptoms. Longitudinal studies are needed to confirm the negative impact of sedentary lifestyle on the development of EIB suggested by these findings. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2012. 47:1080–1087. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Current trends in α‐helical membrane protein crystallization: An update
Authors: Parker Joanne L. , Newstead Simon 
Published: July 2012

Abstractα‐Helical membrane proteins (MPs) are the targets for many pharmaceutical drugs and play important roles in human physiology. In recent years, significant progress has been made in determining their atomic structure using X‐ray crystallography. However, a major bottleneck in MP crystallography still remains, namely, the identification of conditions that give crystals that are suitable for structural determination. In 2008, we undertook an analysis of the crystallization conditions for 121 α‐helical MPs to design a rationalized sparse matrix crystallization screen, MemGold. We now report an updated analysis that includes a further 133 conditions. The results reveal the current trends in α‐helical MP crystallization with notable differences since 2008. The updated information has been used to design new crystallization and additive screens that should prove useful for both initial crystallization scouting and subsequent crystal optimization.
Triazole fungicides and the selection of resistance to medical triazoles in the opportunistic mould Aspergillus fumigatus
Authors: Verweij Paul E , Kema Gert HJ , Zwaan Bas , Melchers Willem JG 
Published: July 2012

AbstractAzole resistance is an emerging problem in the opportunistic mould Aspergillus fumigatus. The triazoles are the most important agents for the management of Aspergillus diseases in humans. Selection for acquired resistance may occur in the hospital setting through exposure to high doses of azoles during azole therapy, but evidence is accumulating that A. fumigatus may become resistant to medical triazoles through environmental exposure to fungicides. The recovery of A. fumigatus isolates resistant to the medical triazoles from azole‐naive patients as well as from the environment strongly indicates an environmental route of resistance selection. Molecule alignment studies have identified five fungicides that share a very similar molecule structure with the medical triazoles, and thus may have selected for mechanisms that confer resistance to both groups of compounds. It is important to explore further the presumed fungicide‐driven route of resistance selection in order to implement effective preventive measures as the prevalence of azole resistance in A. fumigatus continues to increase and causes major challenges in the management of azole‐resistant Aspergillus diseases. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Effective attenuation lengths for photoelectrons in thin films of silicon oxynitride and hafnium oxynitride on silicon
Authors: Powell C. J. , Werner W. S. M. , Smekal W. , Tasneem G. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractWe have used the National Institute of Standards and Technology Database for the Simulation of Electron Spectra for Surface Analysis (SESSA) to simulate photoelectron intensities for thin films of SiO1.6N0.4 and HfO1.9N0.1 on silicon with excitation by Al Kα X‐rays. We considered Si 2p3/2 photoelectrons from SiO1.6N0.4 and the substrate and Hf 4f7/2 photoelectrons from HfO1.9N0.1. The simulations were performed for ranges of film thicknesses and photoelectron emission angles and for two common configurations for X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), the sample‐tilting configuration and the Theta Probe configuration. We determined photoelectron effective attenuation lengths (EALs) by two methods, one by analyzing photoelectron intensities as a function of film thickness for each emission angle (Method 1) and the other by analyzing photoelectron intensities as a function of emission angle for each film thickness (Method 2). Our analyses were made with simple expressions that had been derived with the assumption that elastic‐scattering effects were negligible. We found that EALs from both methods were systematically larger for the Theta Probe configuration, by amounts varying between 1% and 5%, than those for the sample‐tilting configuration. These differences were attributed to anisotropy effects in the photoionization cross section that are expected to occur in the former configuration. Generally, similar EALs were found by each method for each film material although larger EALs were found from Method 2 for film thicknesses less than 1.5 nm. SESSA is a useful tool for showing how elastic scattering of photoelectrons modifies EALs for particular materials, film thicknesses, and XPS configurations. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The C allele of synonymous SNP (rs1142636, Asn170Asn) in SYN1 is a risk factor for the susceptibility of Korean female schizophrenia
Authors: Yu Gyeong Im , Kim Su Kang , Park Hae Jeong , Kim Jong Woo , Chung Joo‐Ho , Shin Dong Hoon 
Published: July 2012

AbstractObjective: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the exonic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of synapsin I (SYN1) (rs1142636, Asn170Asn, Xp11.23) and SYN2 (rs2289708, 3′‐untranslated region, 3p25) in schizopherenia. Methods: Two hundred eighty six schizophrenia patients and 304 control subjects were recruited. SNPs with a know heterozygosity and minor allele frequency (MAF) > 0.1 in Asian populations were selected and genotyped by direct sequencing. Results: The allelic frequencies of rs1142636 (SYN1) were associated with schizophrenia (P < 0.05), respectively. The allelic frequency of rs1142636 in all subjects was associated with schizophrenia [P = 0.000059, OR = 2.17 (95% CI = 1.47–3.18)]. The C allele frequency of rs1142636 was higher in schizophrenia (20.8%) than that in controls (10.8%). In the analysis of gender, the allelic frequency of rs1142636 was also strongly associated with female schizophrenia [P = 0.0001, OR = 2.65 (95% CI = 1.61–4.36)], but not with male schizophrenia. The C allele frequency of rs1142636 was higher in female schizophrenia (22.2%) than that in female controls (9.7%). The rs2289708 SNP (SYN2) did not show any association between schizophrenia and controls. Conclusions: These results suggest that the C allele of a synonymous SNP (rs1142636, Asn170Asn, Xp11.23) in SYN1 may be a risk factor for the susceptibility of Koreran female schizophrenia. Synapse 66:979–983, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Detection of ischemic neuronal damage with [18F]BMS‐747158‐02, a mitochondrial complex‐1 positron emission tomography ligand: Small animal PET study in rat brain
Authors: Fukumoto Dai , Nishiyama Shingo , Harada Norihiro , Yamamoto Shigeyuki , Tsukada Hideo 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe acute and subacute ischemic neuronal damage in rat brain caused by photochemically induced thrombosis (PIT) was imaged using [18F]BMS‐747158‐02 ([18F]BMS) for mitochondrial complex‐1 (MC‐1) and [11C](R)‐PK11195 ([11C](R)‐PK) for peripheral benzodiazepine receptor [PBR; translocator protein] at preischemic “Normal,” 1 (day 1), and 7 days (day 7) after ischemic insult. When [18F]BMS was intravenously injected into “Normal” rat, it was rapidly taken up into the brain, in which it showed a homogeneous distribution, and the uptake was suppressed by rotenone, a specific MC‐1 inhibitor. The specificity of [18F]BMS binding to MC‐1 was also confirmed by living brain slice imaging. At day 1, [18F]BMS uptake was low in infarct and peri‐infarct regions where neuronal damage was detected by 2,3,5‐triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. At day 7, the damaged areas determined using [18F]BMS revealed some discrepancy from those detected by TTC staining, suggesting that TTC stained not only surviving cells but also activated microglial cells in the peri‐infarct region. This was also confirmed by [11C](R)‐PK imaging and immunohistochemical assessment with Iba1 antibody. In contrast, the uptake pattern of [18F]BMS was consistent with immunohistochemical assessment with NeuN antibody at both days 1 and 7. These results demonstrated that [18F]BMS could be a promising positron emission tomography ligand to assess the neuronal damage induced by ischemic insult in both acute and subacute phases. Synapse 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.