bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Buy one, get one free: Additional functions of GM‐CSF in DC maturation
Authors: Lutz Manfred B. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe hematopoietic growth factor GM‐CSF has long been known for its colony‐formation properties in the generation of neutrophils, macrophages and DCs. However, a study by Miah et al. in this issue of the European Journal of Immunology [Eur. J. Immunol. 2012. 42: 58–68] reports that GM‐CSF also terminates its own proliferation‐inducing STAT5‐signaling via induction of the SOCS family member cytokine‐inducible SH2‐domain protein (CISH, also known as CIS). CISH levels were continuously increased during murine GM‐CSF‐dependent DC development in vitro and CISH, in turn, suppressed STAT5 phosphorylation to inhibit further GM‐CSF signals. In addition, CISH activity promoted MHC class I‐ but not MHC class II‐dependent antigen presentation after DC maturation, selectively supporting the priming of CTLs but not Th1 responses. This is the first demonstration of a molecular switch turning proliferating DC precursors into the differentiated immature DC stage and beyond, thereby paving the way for DC maturation. Since CISH polymorphisms critically affect human susceptibility to infectious diseases, further studies with this interesting molecule and its mutants will allow further insights into the induction of immune responses by DCs in humans.
Stereoselective Dihydroxylation Reaction of Alkenyl β‐D‐Hexopyranosides: A Methodology for the Synthesis of Glycosylglycerol Derivatives and 1‐O‐Acyl‐3‐O‐β‐D‐glycosyl‐sn‐glycerol Analogues
Authors: Vega‐Pérez José M. , Palo‐Nieto Carlos , Periñán Ignacio , Vega‐Holm Margarita , Calderón‐Montaño José M. , López‐Lázaro Miguel , Iglesias‐Guerra Fernando 
Published: December 2011

AbstractA variety of new glycosylglycerol derivatives have been prepared by stereoselective dihydroxylation of a range of alkenyl β‐D‐hexopyanosides under Donohoe's conditions. We have studied the relationship between the diastereoisomeric excess and the structural features of the precursor (sugar and alkenyl moieties). The stereochemical yields demonstrated that the presence of a hydrogen‐bond donor group (OH, NHAc) at the 2‐position of the sugar moiety is required to obtain high levels of stereofacial discrimination. New 1‐O‐acyl‐3‐O‐β‐D‐glycosyl‐sn‐glycerol analogues were obtained by functionalisation of the primary hydroxy group with a fatty acid. Preliminary cytotoxic activity assays of both glycosylglycerol and glycoglycerolipid analogues are also presented.
Re:Views
Authors: Wilmot Paulette 
Published: December 2011

DEPRESSION: Concepts, Controversies, and Some New Facts: Springer Publishing CompanyBreak the Smoking Habit: A Behavioral Program for Giving Up Cigarettes: Research Press Company, Champaign, IllinoisA Guide to Writing and Publishing in the Social and Behavioral Sciences: New York: John Wiley & SonsBeyond Sex Roles: West Publishing Company
War Impacts and Post‐War Readjustments*
Authors: WELCH EMMETT H. 
Published: December 2011

The war is affecting occupational trends in many ways. First, it is causing an extensive industrial, occupational, and geographical shifting in the patterns of labor demand and employment opportunities. The workers that will be in greatest demand during the coming year are aeronautical engineers, naval architects, marine engineers, chemists, chemical engineers, metallurgists, electrical engineers, mechanical engineers, industrial engineers, production managers, physicists, personnel managers, employment managers, machinists, welders, sheet metal workers, ship fitters, lathe operators, tool makers, milling machine operators, riveters, and airplane assemblers.The war is also causing extensive changes in occupational content through job dilution and the break‐up of skills. Workers are being trained in six months for segments of skills that normally require several years to acquire. The average per capita skill content for the labor force as a whole is increasing and workers are competing at higher levels of skills. While they cannot be classed as fully trained or skilled at occupations to which they are up‐graded, they are, nevertheless, moving up the skill ladder.
Theoretical study and rate constants calculation for the reactions X + CF3CH2OCF3 (X = F, Cl, Br)
Authors: Zhang Hui , Liu Yang , Liu Jing‐Yao , Li Ze‐Sheng 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe multiple‐channel reactions X + CF3CH2OCF3 (X = F, Cl, Br) are theoretically investigated. The minimum energy paths (MEP) are calculated at the MP2/6‐31+G(d,p) level, and energetic information is further refined by the MC‐QCISD (single‐point) method. The rate constants for major reaction channels are calculated by canonical variational transition state theory (CVT) with small‐curvature tunneling (SCT) correction over the temperature range 200–2000 K. The theoretical three‐parameter expressions for the three channels k1a(T) = 1.24 × 10−15T1.24exp(−304.81/T), k2a(T) = 7.27 × 10−15T0.37exp(−630.69/T), and k3a(T) = 2.84 × 10−19T2.51 exp(−2725.17/T) cm3 molecule−1 s−1 are given. Our calculations indicate that hydrogen abstraction channel is only feasible channel due to the smaller barrier height among five channels considered. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2012
Annexin A1: Novel roles in skeletal muscle biology
Authors: Bizzarro Valentina , Petrella Antonello , Parente Luca 
Published: December 2011

AbstractAnnexin A1 (ANXA1, lipocortin‐1) is the first characterized member of the annexin superfamily of proteins, so called since their main property is to bind (i.e., to annex) to cellular membranes in a Ca2+‐dependent manner. ANXA1 has been involved in a broad range of molecular and cellular processes, including anti‐inflammatory signalling, kinase activities in signal transduction, maintenance of cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix integrity, tissue growth, apoptosis, and differentiation. New insights show that endogenous ANXA1 positively modulates myoblast cell differentiation by promoting migration of satellite cells and, consequently, skeletal muscle differentiation. This suggests that ANXA1 may contribute to the regeneration of skeletal muscle tissue and may have therapeutic implications with respect to the development of ANXA1 mimetics. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 3007–3015, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Biochemical and proteomic characterization of alkaptonuric chondrocytes
Authors: Braconi Daniela , Bernardini Giulia , Bianchini Claretta , Laschi Marcella , Millucci Lia , Amato Loredana , Tinti Laura , Serchi Tommaso , Chellini Federico , Spreafico Adriano , Santucci Annalisa 
Published: December 2011

AbstractAlkaptonuria (AKU) is a rare genetic disease associated with the accumulation of homogentisic acid (HGA) and its oxidized/polymerized products which leads to the deposition of melanin‐like pigments (ochronosis) in connective tissues. Although numerous case reports have described ochronosis in joints, little is known on the molecular mechanisms leading to such a phenomenon. For this reason, we characterized biochemically chondrocytes isolated from the ochronotic cartilage of AKU patients. Based on the macroscopic appearance of the ochronotic cartilage, two sub‐populations were identified: cells coming from the black portion of the cartilage were referred to as “black” AKU chondrocytes, while those coming from the white portion were referred to as “white” AKU chondrocytes. Notably, both AKU chondrocytic types were characterized by increased apoptosis, NO release, and levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines. Transmission electron microscopy also revealed that intracellular ochronotic pigment deposition was common to both “white” and “black” AKU cells. We then undertook a proteomic and redox‐proteomic analysis of AKU chondrocytes which revealed profound alterations in the levels of proteins involved in cell defence, protein folding, and cell organization. An increased post‐translational oxidation of proteins, which also involved high molecular weight protein aggregates, was found to be particularly relevant in “black” AKU chondrocytes. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 3333–3343, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Oldenlandia diffusa extracts exert antiproliferative and apoptotic effects on human breast cancer cells through ERα/Sp1‐mediated p53 activation
Authors: Gu Guowei , Barone Ines , Gelsomino Luca , Giordano Cinzia , Bonofiglio Daniela , Statti Giancarlo , Menichini Francesco , Catalano Stefania , Andò Sebastiano 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBreast cancer is the most frequent tumor and a major cause of death among women. Estrogens play a crucial role in breast tumor growth, which is the rationale for the use of hormonal antiestrogen therapies. Unfortunately, not all therapeutic modalities are efficacious and it is imperative to develop new effective antitumoral drugs. Oldenlandia diffusa (OD) is a well‐known medicinal plant used to prevent and treat many disorders, especially cancers. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of OD extracts on breast cancer cell proliferation. We observed that OD extracts strongly inhibited anchorage‐dependent and ‐independent cell growth and induced apoptosis in estrogen receptor alpha (ERα)‐positive breast cancer cells, whereas proliferation and apoptotic responses of MCF‐10A normal breast epithelial cells were unaffected. Mechanistically, OD extracts enhance the tumor suppressor p53 expression as a result of an increased binding of ERα/Sp1 complex to the p53 promoter region. Finally, we isolated ursolic and oleanolic acids as the bioactive compounds able to upregulate p53 expression and inhibit breast cancer cell growth. These acids were greatly effective in reducing tamoxifen‐resistant growth of a derivative MCF‐7 breast cancer cell line resistant to the antiestrogen treatment. Our results evidence how OD, and its bioactive compounds, exert antiproliferative and apoptotic effects selectively in ERα‐positive breast cancer cells, highlighting the potential use of these herbal extracts as breast cancer preventive and/or therapeutic agents. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 3363–3372, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Wnt3a stimulates Mepe, Matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein, expression directly by the activation of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway and indirectly through the stimulation of autocrine Bmp‐2 expression
Authors: Cho Young‐Dan , Kim Woo‐Jin , Yoon Won‐Joon , Woo Kyung‐Mi , Baek Jeong‐Hwa , Lee Gene , Kim Gwan‐Shik , Ryoo Hyun‐Mo 
Published: December 2011

AbstractMatrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein (MEPE) is a specific marker of mineralizing osteoblasts and osteocytes. Canonical BMP and Wnt signaling pathways are two of the strongest paracrine signals stimulating osteogenesis. Our previous results indicated that Mepe expression is stimulated by the BMP‐2‐signaling pathway. The specific aim of this study addressed whether Mepe expression is also controlled by Wnt signaling, and whether there is a cross‐regulation between two major osteogenic signaling pathways. Treatment with Wnt3a, a canonical Wnt signaling stimulator, strongly enhanced Mepe mRNA expression. Knock‐down of β‐catenin with siRNA completely reversed Wnt3a‐stimulated Mepe expression. The Mepe mRNA expression level was increased by overexpression of β‐catenin and Lef‐1, even in the absence of Wnt3a. Highly conserved Lef‐1 response elements were identified in the mouse Mepe promoter. The direct binding of Lef‐1 to these elements is critical for Mepe expression, indicating that Mepe is a direct target of canonical Wnt signaling. Meanwhile, we also found that Wnt3a treatment strongly stimulated Bmp‐2 expression, and that the subsequent increase in Bmp‐2 protein was determined in Wnt3a‐treated conditioned medium (CM). Treatment of MC3T3‐E1 cells with CM stimulated phosphorylation of the Smad1/5 proteins and their downstream Dlx5 mRNA expression. The CM‐mediated increases of phospho‐Smad and Dlx5 expression were not blocked completely by a Wnt3a antagonist, Dkk‐1, but were almost completely suppressed by the addition of a Bmp‐2 antagonist, Noggin. Collectively, Wnt3a stimulates Mepe transcription directly by a canonical Wnt signaling pathway through β‐catenin and Lef‐1 and indirectly through the activation of a Bmp‐2 autocrine loop. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 2287–2296, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effect of 17β‐estradiol and flavonoids on the regulation of expression of newly identified oestrogen responsive genes in a rat raphe nuclei‐derived cell line
Authors: Amer Dena A.M. , Jähne Maria , Weigt Carmen , Kretzschmar Georg , Vollmer Günter 
Published: December 2011

AbstractDue to the health risks attributed to perimenopausal hormone therapy, phytoestrogens such as flavonoids are receiving widespread attention to help alleviate menopausal symptoms, including hormone‐driven mood disorders. Based on our previous reporter gene study regarding their transactivational activity in raphe nuclei cells from a brain region involved in regulation of mood disturbances, we herein study their effects on the regulation of expression of 17β‐estradiol (E2)‐regulated genes. DNA microarray was used to globally assess E2‐induced gene expression in RNDA cells, a rat raphe nuclei‐derived cellular model expressing oestrogen receptor β. Out of 212 regulated genes, six were selected for verification and as endpoints for the effect of flavonoids on the regulation of mRNA expression in proliferating as well as differentiating RNDA cells. Under proliferative conditions, E2 up‐regulated mRNA expression of Cml‐5, Sox‐18 and Krt‐19. Similar effects were observed in response to 8‐prenylnaringenin (8‐PN), genistein (GEN), daidzein (DAI) and equol (EQ). In line with E2, mRNA expression of Nefm and Zdhhc‐2 was down‐regulated following 8‐PN, GEN, DAI, EQ and naringenin treatment. No regulation was observed on Slc6a4 mRNA expression in response to E2 or the flavonoids in proliferating RNDA cells. When cells were shifted to conditions promoting differentiation, changes in cell morphology, in mRNA expression levels and in responsiveness towards E2 and the tested flavonoids were noticed. These expression studies additionally highlighted some of the genes as markers for RNDA cellular differentiation. RNDA cells should prove useful to elucidate molecular and cellular mechanisms of exogenous oestrogen receptor ligands with neural cell populations. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 3434–3445, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Targeting Runx2 expression in hypertrophic chondrocytes impairs endochondral ossification during early skeletal development
Authors: Ding Ming , Lu Yaojuan , Abbassi Sam , Li Feifei , Li Xin , Song Yu , Geoffroy Valérie , Im Hee‐Jeong , Zheng Qiping 
Published: December 2011

AbstractRunx2 is a known master transcription factor for osteoblast differentiation, as well as an essential regulator for chondrocyte maturation. Recently, more and more data has shown that Runx2 regulates hypertrophic chondrocyte‐specific type X collagen gene (Col10a1) expression in different species. However, how Runx2 regulation of Col10a1 expression impacts chondrocyte maturation, an essential step of endochondral bone formation, remains unknown. We have recently generated transgenic mice in which Flag‐tagged Runx2 was driven by a cell‐specific Col10a1 control element. Significantly increased level of Runx2 and Col10a1 mRNA transcripts were detected in transgenic mouse limbs at both E17.5 (embryonic day 17.5) and P1 (post‐natal day1) stages, suggesting an in vivo correlation of Runx2 and Col10a1 expression. Surprisingly, skeletal staining suggested delayed ossification in both the axial and the appendicular skeleton of transgenic mice from E14.5 until P6. Histological analysis showed elongated hypertrophic zones in transgenic mice, with less von Kossa and TUNEL staining in long bone sections at both E17.5 and P1 stages, suggesting defective mineralization due to delayed chondrocyte maturation or apoptosis. Indeed, we detected increased level of anti‐apoptotic genes B‐cell leukemia/lymphoma 2, Osteopontin, and Sox9 in transgenic mice by real‐time RT‐PCR. Moreover, immunohistochemistry and Western blotting analysis also suggested increased Sox9 expression in hypertrophic chondrocytes of transgenic mice. Together, our data suggest that targeting Runx2 in hypertrophic chondrocytes upregulates expression of Col10a1 and other marker genes (such as Sox9). This will change the local matrix environment, delay chondrocyte maturation, reduce apoptosis and matrix mineralization, and eventually, lead to impaired endochondral ossification. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 3446–3456, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Surface morphology of Diplodon expansus (Küster, 1856; Mollusca, Bivalvia, Hyriidae) gill filaments after exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of atrazine herbicide
Authors: Nogarol Larissa Rosa , Brossi‐Garcia Ana Luiza , Fontanetti Carmem Silvia 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBrazilian endemic species Diplodon expansus (Küster, 1856) is found in freshwater bodies in the country's southeast, in large anthropogenic influence regions especially with an extensive agriculture emphasis. One of the main pesticides used in the species occurrence region is the atrazine herbicide, which has a great contamination potential in the aquatic environment. Therefore, several studies into its toxicity in aquatic systems have been developed. However, the tested concentrations are usually very high and rarely found in the environment and the short‐term exposure responses in other aquatic organisms such as native bivalves are still scarce. Thus, this study sought to consider the potential effects of environmentally realistic concentrations of atrazine herbicide on the surface morphology of gill filaments of the bivalve D. expansus under laboratory‐controlled conditions after short‐term exposure. None of the animals died before the end of the experiment. The main alterations were observed on the frontal surface of filaments, which include mucus accumulation, cilia loss, and disruption. Mucus increased secretion and accumulation in the frontal filaments region preceded as a protective mechanism. Cilia loss and disruption on the frontal surface of the gill filament indicated that ciliated frontal cells were more sensitive to atrazine exposure and these alterations may cause gills functional damages, compromising the uptake of food particles and respiration. Therefore, higher sublethal concentrations of atrazine may compromise the survival and consequently the population of D. expansus in agriculture areas after a longer period of continuous exposure. Microsc. Res. Tech. 75:807–813, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
ERK5 regulates invasiveness of osteosarcoma by inducing MMP‐9
Authors: Kim Sang‐Min , Lee Hyewon , Park Youn‐Soo , Lee Youbin , Seo Sung Wook 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to determine the role of ERK5 in cellular invasion of osteosarcoma (OS). The human OS cell line (MG63, SaOS, and U2OS) and primary OS cells were used for the study. The expression of ERK5 and MMP‐9 in each cell was examined by western blot or RT‐PCR. To evaluate the biological role of ERK5, proliferation assay (MTT) and invasion assay (BD Matrigel™) were performed after silencing ERK5 using siRNA. MMPs expressions were analyzed using RT‐PCR and zymography after silencing ERK5. ERK5 was distinctly overexpressed in U2OS and primary OS cell. Both of them also expressed MMP‐9, which was not shown in MG63 and SaOS in RT‐PCR. ERK5 silencing did not suppress the proliferation of OS cells. However, ERK5 silencing significantly reduced the number of invading cells in invasion assay. The expression of MMP‐9 was specifically reduced after silencing ERK5. The zymography showed that the enzyme activity of MMP‐9 was also reduced after ERK5 suppression. The expression of ERK5 regulates the invasion of OS cells by inducing MMP‐9 expression. Therefore, ERK5 may be a new therapeutic target in invasive OS expressing MMP‐9. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 30:1040–1044, 2012
Residents' Attitudes Toward Rural Tourism in Taiwan: a Comparative Viewpoint
Authors: Chuang Shu‐Tzu 
Published: December 2011

ABSTRACTIn this study, we first conclude two main patterns – community‐based rural tourism and theme farm – of rural tourism in Taiwan, then investigate and compare the impacts of rural tourism perceived by the residents, the frequency and quality of tourists‐residents interaction, and residents' attitudes toward rural tourism of the two chosen areas. Moreover, we discuss and conclude the differences of two patterns in terms of economic, socio‐cultural, and environmental impacts. As a whole, the development of rural tourism gains highly supports in both areas. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
‘How's the Service?’ A Study of Service Quality Perceptions across Sectors and Source Markets
Authors: Ayeh Julian K. , Chen Rose Xiaying 
Published: December 2011

ABSTRACTThis study assessed the performance of the hotel, retail and travel agency sectors in Hong Kong. The importance–performance analysis (IPA) model and various statistical techniques were employed to examine visitors’ cognition of the importance and performance of pertinent service quality attributes and to better understand the factors that may influence their overall satisfaction across different sectors and source markets. Whereas the multivariate analysis of variance and analysis of variance tests suggest no significant differences in service quality perceptions across the three sectors, the IPA revealed that these sectors differ qualitatively in terms of which service quality attributes are most critical. The findings further suggest a negative relationship between cultural distance and satisfaction with Asian tourists being less satisfied than their non‐Asian counterparts. The results hold important managerial implications for resource allocation and service quality improvement in specific areas. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A critique of density estimation from camera‐trap data
Authors: Foster Rebecca J. , Harmsen Bart J. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractDensities of elusive terrestrial mammals are commonly estimated from camera‐trap data. Typically, this is a 2‐step process involving 1) fitting conventional closed population capture–recapture models to estimate abundance, and 2) using ad hoc methods to determine the effective trapping area. The methodology needs to be accurate, robust, and reliable when results are used to guide wildlife management. We critically review 47 published studies and discuss the problems associated with contemporary population estimates of elusive species from camera‐trap data. In particular we discuss 1) individual identification, 2) sample size and capture probability, 3) camera location and spacing, 4) the size of the study area, and 5) ad hoc density estimation from the calculation of an effective trapping area. We also discuss the recently developed spatially explicit capture–recapture (SECR) models as an alternative approach that does not require the intermediate step of estimating an effective trapping area. We recommend 1) greater transparency in study design and quality of the data, 2) greater rigor when reviewing manuscripts, and 3) that more attention is given to the survey design to ensure data are of sufficient quality for analysis. © 2011 The Wildlife Society.