bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photochemical Reactions of Chloranil with Cyclooctene, 1,5‐Cyclooctadiene, and Cyclohexene Revisited
Authors: Christl Manfred , Braun Max , Deeg Oliver , Wolff Stephan 
Published: December 2010

AbstractDepending on the reaction conditions, excited chloranil (3CA) and cis‐cyclooctene (cis‐CO) furnished three types of products, which all contain carbocyclic four‐membered rings. The illumination of a solution in benzene by light bulbs gave rise to the all‐cis 1:1 cycloadduct (11a) in 76 % yield. On its part, this compound reacted with cis‐CO under the action of better sources for UV light with the formation of three isomeric 1:2 cycloadducts. Two of them underwent a photochemical dechlorination leading to a cyclobutene derivative. Albeit rather sluggishly, 3CA and trans‐cyclooctene (trans‐CO) brought about an unsymmetrical 1:1 and a 1:2 cycloadduct. By contrast, excited 11a reacted smoothly with trans‐CO and afforded a 72 % yield of the unsymmetrical 1:2 cycloadduct that resulted from 3CA and cis‐CO in addition to two symmetrical 1:2 cycloadducts. Also, excited 11a and cyclohexene (CH) furnished a bis(cyclobutane) derivative, a significant portion of which was subject to a dechlorination to give a cyclobutene derivative. cis,cis‐1,5‐Cyclooctadiene (COD) and CH were transformed by 3CA to 1:1 and 1:2 cycloadducts, analogous to cis‐ and trans‐CO. In addition to this, 3CA suffered photoreduction in the presence of COD and CH. The [2+2] cycloaddition onto a carbonyl group of 3CA with formation of a spirooxetane occurred to a small extent only with COD, but not at all with cis‐ and trans‐CO and CH.
Square Wave Voltammetric Determination of Lead(II) Ions Using a Carbon Paste Electrode Modified by a Thiol‐Functionalized Kaolinite
Authors: Tonlé Ignas K. , Letaief Sadok , Ngameni Emmanuel , Walcarius Alain , Detellier Christian 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThis work reports the electroanalysis of lead(II) in aqueous medium, using a carbon paste electrode modified by a novel thiol‐functionalized clay. This later was obtained upon the grafting of 3‐chloropropyltriethoxysilane onto the interlayer surfaces of kaolinite, followed by the substitution under carefully controlled conditions of chloro by thiol groups. The raw kaolinite, its dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) intercalate used as starting material and the resulting hybrids were characterized by X‐ray diffraction, thermal analysis, infrared spectroscopy and CHNS elemental analysis. These techniques demonstrated the displacement of DMSO by the organosilane molecules which were grafted on the internal hydroxyl groups located on the kaolinite surface. The final functionalized kaolinite, with approximate chemical formula Si4Al4O10(OH)6[O2Si(OEt)(CH2)3SH] was evaluated as electrode modifier for lead(II) sensing. A two‐step analytical procedure based on the accumulation at open circuit–detection was applied by square wave voltammetry. Various parameters affecting both the two steps were optimized: a linear response to lead(II) was obtained in the concentration range from 3×10−7 to 10−5 M, with a detection limit estimated at 6×10−8 M. The interfering effect of some ions likely to influence the stripping determination of lead(II) ions was evaluated, and the proposed method applied to a real sample.
Voltammetry and Spectroscopy Study of In Vitro Interaction of Fenitrothion with DNA
Authors: Ahmadi Farhad , Jafari Batool 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe interaction of Fenitrothion with DNA has been studied using the voltammetric and spectroscopic methods. An irreversible reduction was concluded from the CV data of Fenitrothion. The values of (αn)f=1.91 and (αn)b=2.06 were measured and the reduction process of Fenitrothion was performed with 4 electrons. By using non‐linear regression analysis of CV data, the binding constant, binding site size, and diffusion coefficient for free Fenitrothion (Df) and DNA‐Fenitrothion (Db) were calculated as: 1.03×104, 1.204, 5.2×10−4 and 1.72×10−5, respectively. Also the voltammetric, spectroscopic, thermodynamic and activation energy of DNA‐Fenitrothion complex revealed that the mode of interaction might be partial‐intercalative and complex formation is entropy favored.
Catalytic Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetry of Cobalt in the Presence of Nitrite at an In Situ Plated Bismuth Film Electrode
Authors: Rutyna Iwona , Korolczuk Mieczysław 
Published: December 2010

AbstractFor the first time an in situ plated bismuth film electrode has been applied to catalytic adsorptive stripping voltammetry of cobalt in the presence of nitrite. At optimised conditions bismuth film was plated before each measurement for 30 s at −1.0 V from a sample solution with the added supporting electrolyte and Bi(III) in the form of its complex with tartrate. The calibration graph for Co(II) for an accumulation time of 120 s was linear from 5×10−10 to 1×10−8 mol L−1. The detection limit was 1.1×10−10 mol L−1. The proposed procedure was applied for Co(II) determination in certified water reference material.
Anxiety positive subjects show altered processing in the anterior insula during anticipation of negative stimuli
Authors: Simmons Alan N. , Stein Murray B. , Strigo Irina A. , Arce Estibaliz , Hitchcock Carla , Paulus Martin P. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractPrior neuroimaging studies support the hypothesis that anticipation, an important component of anxiety, may be mediated by activation within the insular and medial prefrontal cortices including the anterior cingulate cortex. However, there is an insufficient understanding of how affective anticipation differs across anxiety groups in emotional brain loci and networks. We examined 14 anxiety positive (AP) and 14 anxiety normative (AN) individuals completing an affective picture anticipation task during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Brain activation was examined across groups for cued anticipation (to aversive or pleasant stimuli). Both groups showed greater activation in the bilateral anterior insula during cued differential anticipation (i.e., aversive vs. pleasant), and activation on the right was significantly higher in AP compared to AN subjects. Functional connectivity showed that the left anterior insula was involved in a similar network during pleasant anticipation in both groups. The left anterior insula during aversive and the right anterior insula during all anticipation conditions coactivated with a cortical network consisting of frontal and parietal lobes in the AP group to a greater degree. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that anxiety is related to greater anticipatory reactivity in the brain and that there may be functional asymmetries in the brain that interact with psychiatric traits. Hum Brain Mapp, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Clinical functional MRI of the language domain in children with epilepsy
Authors: Wilke Marko , Pieper Tom , Lindner Katja , Dushe Thekla , Staudt Martin , Grodd Wolfgang , Holthausen Hans , Krägeloh‐Mann Ingeborg 
Published: December 2010

AbstractFunctional MRI (fMRI) for the assessment of language functions is increasingly used in the diagnostic workup of patients with epilepsy. Termed “clinical fMRI,” such an approach is also feasible in children who may display specific patterns of language reorganization. This study was aimed at assessing language reorganization in pediatric epilepsy patients, using fMRI. We studied 26 pediatric epilepsy patients (median age, 13.05 years; range, 5.6–18.7 years) and 23 healthy control children (median age, 9.37 years; range, 6.2–15.4 years), using two child‐friendly fMRI tasks and adapted data‐processing streams. Overall, 81 functional series could be analyzed. Reorganization seemed to occur primarily in homotopic regions in the contralateral hemisphere, but lateralization in the frontal as well as in the temporal lobes was significantly different between patients and controls. The likelihood to find atypical language organization was significantly higher in patients. Additionally, we found significantly stronger activation in the healthy controls in a primarily passive task, suggesting a systematic confounding influence of antiepileptic medication. The presence of a focal cortical dysplasia was significantly associated with atypical language lateralization. We conclude that important confounds need to be considered and that the pattern of language reorganization may be distinct from the patterns seen in later‐onset epilepsy. Hum Brain Mapp, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Highly unsaturated phosphorus compounds: Trimeric and dimeric sulfides of a α,β‐di‐tert‐butyl vinyl phosphaalkyne
Authors: Ionkin Alex S. , Marshall William J. , Fish Brian M. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe first examples of sulfides of a 1,3,5‐triphosphabenzene were synthesized by the sulfurization of parent 1,3,5‐triphosphabenzene 2. Disulfide 7 was found to be remarkably thermally stable, the stability likely coming from the contribution of resonance forms 7A and 7B. In addition to two hydrolysis products of trisulfide 8, which can be anticipated in unsaturated phosphorus chemistry, a new and not trivial bicyclic bridgehead five‐membered heterocycle 10 was isolated among the decomposition products of 8. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 22:114–118, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/hc.20664
The Slow‐Release Strategy in Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling
Authors: Lennox Alastair J. J. , Lloyd‐Jones Guy C. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractDespite great advances in metal‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reactions, their efficacy is often compromised by side reactions, reducing the yield, or requiring a large excess of one component. Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling is no exception, as the boronic acid functionality can be susceptible to a range of undesired processes. A number of methods have been developed to mitigate these side reactions, and herein we focus on the “slow‐release” strategy. These conditions involve deployment of a “masking” reagent that protects the vulnerable boronic acid functionality from degradation, particularly protodeboronation, whilst simultaneously facilitating controlled liberation of the active reagent into the catalytic milieu. Under suitably tailored conditions, this dual‐action approach ensures that the concentration of the free boronic acid is minimized, thus attenuating its degradation but still facilitating transmetallation of the organoboron species with the key organopalladium intermediate.
One‐pot synthesis of pyrano‐ and furanoquinolines catalyzed by molten tetra‐n‐butylphosphonium bromide under solvent‐free conditions
Authors: Salehi Javad , Veisi Hojat , Khodaei Mohammad M. , Khosropour Ahmad R. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractMolten tetra‐n‐butylphosphonium bromide is found to be a practical and inexpensive catalytic media for stereoselective one‐pot synthesis of pyranoquinoline and furanoquinoline derivatives in good to excellent yields. Products of undesirable reactions resulting from polymerization are not observed. The use of this catalyst media avoids the use of any cocatalysts or toxic organic solvents. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2011).
Interactive 3D anatomy and affinities of Bathysciadiidae (Gastropoda, Cocculinoidea): deep‐sea limpets feeding on decaying cephalopod beaks
Authors: Hartmann Heike , Heß Martin , Haszprunar Gerhard 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe anatomy of five bathysciadiid limpets, the type species Bathysciadium costulatum (Locard, 1898), Bathysciadium sp. B (off New Zealand), Bathypelta pacifica (Dall, 1908), Bathypelta sp. A (off New Zealand), and Bathyaltum wareni n.g., n.sp. (deep East Atlantic Ocean Basins), which all feed on decaying cephalopod beaks, has been investigated by means of semithin serial sectioning and interactive, computer‐aided 3D reconstructions. Bathyaltum wareni is described as a species new to science based on additional SEM photos of shell and radula. Differences between species are found in conditions of shell, protoconch, mantle papilla, copulatory organ, receptaculum openings, oral lappets, and rectal histology. The Bathysciadiidae share several synapomorphies with the Cocculinidae (s. str.), namely the pseudoplicatid gill, a single, left kidney, the hermaphroditic gonad with the single, glandular gonoduct, and the statocysts with single statoliths. Therefore, these families are united in a clade Cocculinoidea, which is considered to be highly modified offshoot of early gastropods independent of the likewise “cocculiniform” Lepetelloidea, which should be classified among the Vetigastropoda. J. Morphol. 272:259–279, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Detection of human parechovirus in stool samples collected from children with acute gastroenteritis in Japan during 2007–2008
Authors: Pham Ngan Thi Kim , Chan‐It Wisoot , Khamrin Pattara , Nishimura Shuichi , Kikuta Hideaki , Sugita Kumiko , Baba Tsuneyoshi , Yamamoto Atsuko , Shimizu Hideaki , Okitsu Shoko , Mizuguchi Masashi , Ushijima Hiroshi 
Published: December 2010

AbstractOf 477 stool specimens, which had been screened for rotavirus, adenovirus, norovirus, sapovirus and astrovirus, collected from infants and children with acute gastroenteritis in pediatric clinics encompassing five localities (Sapporo, Tokyo, Maizuru, Osaka, and Saga) in Japan from July 2007 to June 2008, 247 negative samples (51.7%) were subjected to screening for human parechovirus. Human parechovirus (HPeV) was detected by RT‐PCR using a primer pair to amplify 5′UTR region of its genome and was genotyped by sequencing of the VP1 gene. HPeV was detected in 20 of 247 specimens tested, and the detection rate was found to be 8.1%. Seventeen of the 20 strains that tested positive for HPeV were sequenced successfully the VP1 gene. The majority of the HPeV strains (n = 15) could be identified as HPeV1, and the remaining 2 strains could be typed as HPeV3. By phylogenetic and identical matrix analyses of HPeV VP1 sequences, HPeV1 should be divided into two lineages, and all of the Japanese studied HPeV1 strains belong to the lineage 2 accordingly. This is the first report of the circulation of HPeV, especially HPeV1 in Japan. J. Med. Virol. 83:331–336, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prevalence of human coronaviruses in adults with acute respiratory tract infections in Beijing, China
Authors: Ren Lili , Gonzalez Richard , Xu Jin , Xiao Yan , Li Yongjun , Zhou Hongli , Li Jianguo , Yang Qingqing , Zhang Jing , Chen Lan , Wang Wei , Vernet Guy , Paranhos‐Baccalà Gláucia , Wang Zhong , Wang Jianwei 
Published: December 2010

AbstractHuman coronaviruses (HCoVs) are a common etiological agent of acute respiratory tract infections. HCoV infections, especially those caused by the two HCoVs identified most recently, NL63 and HKU‐1, have not been characterized fully. To evaluate the prevalence and clinical presentations of HKU1 and NL63 in adults with acute respiratory tract infections, an investigation of HCoV infections in Beijing, China from 2005 to 2009 was performed by using reverse transcriptase PCR assays and sequencing analysis. Among 8,396 respiratory specimens studied, 87 (1%) clinical samples were positive for HCoVs, of which 50 samples (0.6% of the total) were positive for HCoV‐OC43, 15 (0.2%) for HCoV‐229E, 14 (0.2%) for HCoV‐HKU1, and 8 (0.1%) for HCoV‐NL63. The prevalence of HCoV infection in adults exhibited distinct seasonal fluctuations during the study period. In addition, patients positive for HCoV‐229E infections were more likely to be co‐infected with other respiratory viruses. Enterovirus, rhinovirus, and parainfluenza virus type 3 were the most common viruses found in patients with HCoV infections. The demographic and clinical data present in this study of HCoV infections in adults with acute respiratory tract infections should improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of HCoVs. J. Med. Virol. 83:291–297, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
VP7 Gene of human rotavirus A genotype G5: Phylogenetic analysis reveals the existence of three different lineages worldwide
Authors: da Silva Marcelle Figueira Marques , Tort Luis Fernando López , Goméz Mariela Martínez , Assis Rosane Maria Santos , Volotão Eduardo de Mello , de Mendonça Marcos César Lima , Bello Gonzalo , Leite José Paulo Gagliardi 
Published: December 2010

AbstractGroup A rotavirus (RV‐A) genotype G5, which is common in pigs, was also detected in children with severe diarrhea in Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, Cameroon, China, Thailand, and Vietnam. To evaluate the evolutionary relationship among RV‐A G5 strains, the VP7 and VP4 genes of 28 Brazilian RV‐A G5 human strains, sampled between 1986 and 2005, were sequenced and compared with other RV‐A G5 strains currently circulating worldwide in animals and humans. The phylogenetic analysis of RV‐A G5 VP7 gene strains demonstrates the existence of three main lineages: (a) Lineage I: Brazilian strains grouped with three porcine strains from Thailand; (b) Lineage II: porcine, bovine, and equine strains from different regions; (c) Lineage III: human strains isolated in Asia and Africa, and two porcine strains from Argentina. The VP8* (*non‐typable) subunit of VP4 gene sequencing showed that all P[8] strains fell into three major genetic lineages: P[8]‐1; P[8]‐2; and P[8]‐3. These results showed that the RV‐A G5 strains circulating in humans are the result of two independent zoonotic transmission events, most likely from pigs. J. Med. Virol. 83:357–366, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Changes in the HIV‐1 mutational profile before first‐line HAART in the RESINA cohort
Authors: Reuter Stefan , Oette Mark , Sichtig Nadine , Kaiser Rolf , Balduin Melanie , Jensen Björn , Häussinger Dieter ,   for the RESINA study group
Published: December 2010

AbstractSporadic observations have shown changing patterns of transmitted drug resistance mutations (TDRMs) in HIV infection even without selection pressure by antiretroviral treatment (ART). Repeated genotypic resistance analyses in treatment‐naïve patients were performed, in order to analyze intraindividual variances of resistance patterns over time. Between the years 2001 and 2008 two genotypic resistance tests were performed at different time‐points in 49 treatment‐naïve HIV‐positive patients aged >18 years. Wild‐type virus was found at baseline and during follow‐up in 31 patients (group A, median time between resistance tests 146 days), while resistance mutations were found either at baseline or during follow‐up in 18 patients (group B, median time between resistance tests 297 days). In group B, the pattern of resistance changed in eight out of 18 patients over time, with three patients showing decreasing numbers and five patients showing increasing numbers of resistance mutations. The pattern of resistance mutations remained unchanged in 10 out of 18 patients. The mutational pattern in untreated HIV infection may change over time and a single resistance analysis may underestimate the true prevalence of preserved resistance mutations. If these findings can be confirmed in a larger number of patients, it would be prudent to perform genotypic resistance testing both at baseline and prior to the start of ART in order to capture a more complete picture of preserved mutations before initiating ART. J. Med. Virol. 83:187–195, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Multiplex PCR for identification of herpes virus infections in adolescents
Authors: Durzyńska Julia , Pacholska‐Bogalska Joanna , Kaczmarek Maria , Hanć Tomasz , Durda Magdalena , Skrzypczak Magdalena , Goździcka‐Józefiak Anna 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe aim of the study was to develop a multiplex PCR (mPCR) for a rapid and simultaneous detection of herpes simplex 1 (HSV‐1), herpes simplex 2 (HSV‐2), and human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) DNA in squamous oral cells obtained from adolescents. Accuracy of the method was tested in a group of 513 adolescents, almost 11% of subjects were positive for infection with herpes viruses. Correlations with gender, age, and place of residence were sought. A similar incidence of HSV‐2 and HCMV was found (4.3% and 5.4%, respectively) and the incidence of HSV‐1 was the lowest (1%) in the study group. Conversely to HSV‐2, HCMV was detected mostly in the youngest individuals. The same occurrence of all viruses was observed in boys and girls. The mPCR method described is suggested as a useful tool for epidemiologic studies of active herpes infections. J. Med. Virol. 83:267–271, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The use of dried blood spots for assessing antibody response to hepatitis A virus after natural infection and vaccination
Authors: Melgaço J.G. , Pinto M.A. , Rocha A.M. , Freire M. , Gaspar L.P. , Lima S.M.B. , Cruz O.G. , Vitral C.L. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractDuring recent years, vaccination against hepatitis A has been implemented in several countries. It is expected that the increase in mass vaccination against hepatitis A will eventually result in a decreased prevalence of anti‐HAV antibodies in the general population. For this reason, a suitable clinical sample for diagnosis of hepatitis A must be sufficiently sensitive to enable detection of lower antibodies titers. In this study, the feasibility of using dried blood spots (DBS) was assessed for the detection of anti‐HAV antibodies after a natural infection and vaccination. Seventy‐four DBS and paired plasma samples were obtained from a group of college students for a cross‐sectional hepatitis A seroepidemiological study. Forty‐six students seronegative for anti‐HAV were selected randomly and immunized with an inactivated hepatitis A vaccine using an 0–6 month schedule. Seroconversion was monitored in paired plasma and DBS samples 6 months after the first dose followed by a period of 8 and 24 months after the second dose. A strong correlation between OD/CO rates of paired plasma and DBS samples for the detection of anti‐HAV was observed. The sensitivity and specificity of the DBS compared with plasma for the detection of anti‐HAV antibodies after natural infection was 100%. The sensitivity of DBS in samples collected 24 months after the second dose of hepatitis A vaccine was 95.4%. The results showed that DBS samples can be used for the detection of anti‐HAV antibodies both after natural infection or vaccination. J. Med. Virol. 83:208–217, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.