bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Corrosion behavior of nanostructured Ni‐Si3N4 composite films: A study of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
Authors: Li J. M. , Yin J. Y. , Cai C. , Zhang Z. , Li J. F. , Yang J. F. , Xue M. Z. , Liu Y. G. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractNi‐Si3N4 nanocomposite films with both the consecutive Ni crystallites and dispersed Si3N4 particles in the nanometer range have been fabricated using DC electroplating technique, and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The corrosion resistance of the Ni‐Si3N4 nanocomposite film has been compared to that of pure Ni coating through polarization. Meanwhile, the corrosion process of Ni‐Si3N4 nanocomposite film in neutral 3.5% NaCl solution has been investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results show that the Ni‐Si3N4 nanocomposite film is more resistant to corrosion than the pure Ni coating. The corrosion of Ni‐Si3N4 nanocomposite film is controlled by electrochemical step, and the whole corrosion process is divided into two sequential stages. The main corrosion type of Ni‐Si3N4 nanocomposite films in neutral 3.5% NaCl solution is pitting.
The effect of TiO2 nanoparticle codeposition on microstructure and corrosion resistance of electroless NiP coating
Authors: Momenzadeh M. , Sanjabi S. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractNiPTiO2 nanocomposite coatings with various contents of TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized by adding TiO2 nanoparticles to NiP electroless plating solution. The effects of pH and anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on the chemical composition of Ni, P, and TiO2 in the coatings were investigated. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDX), and X‐ray diffractometer (XRD) were used to characterize the morphology, composition, and crystal structure of deposited coatings, respectively. The hardness of nanocomposite coatings was improved greatly compared to NiP coating especially after heat treatment. After heat treatment at 400 °C for 1 h, an increase in microhardness was observed for heat‐treated NiP coatings. The hardness was increased from 805 to 1050 Hv for NiPTiO2 coating deposited at 9 g/LTiO2 concentration in the bath. The corrosion resistance of NiPTiO2 coating was significantly increased compared to NiP coatings by incorporation of TiO2 nanoparticle.
Surface active and thermodynamic properties of some surfactants derived from locally linear and heavy alkyl benzene in relation to corrosion inhibition efficiency
Authors: Al‐Sabagh A. M. , Abd‐El‐Bary H. M. , El‐Ghazawy R. A. , Mishrif M. R. , Hussein B. M. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractLinear and heavy alkyl benzene (HAB) were sulfonated with fuming sulfuric acid (oleum) and the sulfonated products were esterified with tri and poly ethanolamine (d = 4 and 6). The prepared three esters from each series were quaternized withn‐butyl bromide. The resulted six quaternized ester of linear and HAB sulfonate were named as (L1Q, L2Q, L3Q, H1Q, H2Q, and H3Q). The surface and thermodynamic properties of these compounds have been investigated. From the data obtained, it was found that surface tension and surface active properties for the HAB derivatives were better than which obtained from linear alkyl benzene (LAB) derivatives. From the results obtained from the surface activity, the best performance compound from each group was selected to study the corrosion inhibition efficiency of them relative to the surface activity. The obtained results show that the LAB derivative L3Q exhibited inhibition efficiency (93.1%) at 1000 ppm but H3Q exhibited (97%) at 600 ppm. The diversity of the resulted data obtained was discussed in the light of chemical structure of the alkyl benzene sulfonate.
Correlation between electrochemical impedance and current distribution of carbon steel under organic coating
Authors: Kong D. , Wang Y. , Zhang W. , Wang W. , Liu X. , Wang J. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe current distribution of carbon steel beneath intact organic coating exposed to 3.5% NaCl solution was investigated by the wire beam electrode (WBE) method. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) of individual electrodes with high current was characterized to analyze the behavior of the coating degradation and metal corrosion at coating/metal interface. The polarity switch of the electrode under the coating was observed. The mechanism of coating degradation and carbon steel substrate corrosion was discussed from a point of electrochemical distribution.
Synthesis of imidazoline‐based dissymmetric bis‐quaternary ammonium gemini surfactant and its inhibition mechanism on Q235 steel in hydrochloric acid medium
Authors: Zhang J. , Gong X.‐L. , Song W.‐W. , Jiang B. , Du M. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractAn imidazoline‐based dissymmetric bis‐quaternary ammonium gemini surfactant has been synthesized. Its surface active properties at equilibrium in water at 25 °C were determined. The inhibitive effect of the compound on Q235 steel in 1 M hydrochloric solution was investigated by the weight‐loss method, potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, and quantum chemical calculations. The results indicate that the compound has high surface properties and the inhibition efficiency (IE) increases with the increase in inhibitor concentration, which attain the maximum value around the CMC value. The imidazoline‐based dissymmetric bis‐quaternary ammonium acts as a mixed type inhibitor mainly inhibiting the cathodic processes and does not change the mechanism of either hydrogen evolution reaction or mild steel dissolution. The best IE is obtained at the immersion time of 144 h. The adsorption of the studied inhibitor on Q235 steel can be fitted to a Langmuir isotherm and the adsorption process is a spontaneous chemical adsorption. Quantum chemistry calculation results show that the imidazoline ring and heteroatoms of N, O, are the active sites of the inhibitors.
Parallel numerical solution of the time‐harmonic Maxwell equations in mixed form
Authors: Li Dan , Greif Chen , Schötzau Dominik 
Published: April 2011

SUMMARYWe develop a fully scalable parallel implementation of an iterative solver for the time‐harmonic Maxwell equations with vanishing wave numbers. We use a mixed finite element discretization on tetrahedral meshes, based on the lowest order Nédélec finite element pair of the first kind. We apply the block diagonal preconditioning approach of Greif and Schötzau (Numer. Linear Algebra Appl. 2007;14(4):281–297), and use the nodal auxiliary space preconditioning technique of Hiptmair and Xu (SIAM J. Numer. Anal. 2007;45(6):2483–2509) as the inner iteration for the shifted curl–curl operator. Algebraic multigrid is employed to solve the resulting sequence of discrete elliptic problems. We demonstrate the performance of our parallel solver on problems with constant and variable coefficients. Our numerical results indicate good scalability with the mesh size on uniform, unstructured, and locally refined meshes. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Metaproteome analysis of sewage sludge from membrane bioreactors
Authors: Kuhn Ramona , Benndorf Dirk , Rapp Erdmann , Reichl Udo , Palese Luigi Leonardo , Pollice Alfieri 
Published: April 2011

AbstractMicrobial dynamics and enzymatic activities of activated sludge processes are not completely understood yet. A better understanding about the biology is indispensable for further process optimization. Since proteins play a key role as catalysts in sludge processes, a protocol for protein extraction and analysis by 2‐D PAGE was established. It is based on phenol extraction of alkaline extracts and on a subsequent precipitation with ammonium sulphate. 2‐D protein patterns obtained from different sludges collected from membrane bioreactors showed – besides common spots – significant differences. Selected proteins were identified with nano‐HPLC‐ESI‐MS/MS. All membrane biological reactor (MBR) sludge samples investigated in this study contained elastase 3A, which implies that this human serine protease is a significant constituent of municipal wastewater. Although the identification of proteins from ammonia‐oxidizing bacterium Nitrosomonas europaea was expected, the detection of a protein with homology to the marine bacterium Saprospira grandis in MBR1 was surprising.
Quantitative chemical proteomics in small‐scale culture of phorbol ester stimulated basal breast cancer cells
Authors: Dolai Sibasish , Xu Qiang , Liu Fei , Molloy Mark P. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractBasal‐like breast cancers are commonly negative for expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors and HER‐2 (triple‐negative breast cancer), which makes this subtype of breast cancers more aggressive and less responsive to standard treatment. We have applied a small‐scale chemical proteomics method using bisindolylmaleimide (Bis) class of protein kinase C inhibitors to study the Bis‐binding proteome in a cell culture model of basal breast carcinoma (MDA‐MB‐231). Using MS, we identified 174 proteins captured by the Bis‐probe in phorbol ester (PMA) stimulated cells. Gene ontology analysis broadly categorised these proteins as ATP binding (42%), GTP binding (6%) and having nucleoside‐triphosphatase activity (21%). Of the 64 enzymes captured by the Bis‐probe, the majority had either ATP and/or nucleotide binding functions. Two previously unreported Bis binding protein kinases, serine/arginine‐rich protein‐specific kinase 1 (SRPK1) and interferon‐induced RNA‐dependent protein kinase (PKR) were observed. We then incorporated SILAC for quantitation to examine the proteins that were differentially captured by the Bis‐probe following 30 and 60 min PMA stimulation. This provided novel evidence for PMA regulation of the enzymes glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase, nucleolar RNA helicase 2 and Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein M.
Channel waveguides preserving luminescence features in Nd3+:Y2O3 ceramics produced by ultrafast laser inscription
Authors: Dong Ningning , Yao Yicun , Chen Feng , Vazquez de Aldana J. R. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractWe report on the Nd3+:Y2O3 ceramic optical channel waveguides produced by ultrafast laser inscription with a “double‐line” scheme. The confocal micro‐luminescence images reveal that the original fluorescence emission properties have not been affected by the laser filamentation, which means the original luminescence features have been well preserved in the waveguide volumes. The fabricated micro‐photonic structures emerge as promising candidates for integrated laser sources. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Cross‐oxidation of angiotensin II by glycerophosphatidylcholine oxidation products
Authors: Silva André Moreira Neto , Borralho Ana Carolina , Pinho Sónia Andreia , Domingues M. Rosário M. , Domingues Pedro 
Published: April 2011

Peptide and protein lipoxidation is a deleterious process which has been related to several degenerative conditions. In the present study, the interaction of lipid secondary oxidation products with peptides was investigated by evaluating the modifications occurring to angiotensin II (Ang‐II) in the presence of an oxidizing polyunsaturated glycerophospholipid (1‐palmitoyl‐2‐arachidonoyl‐glycerophosphatidylcholine, PAPC). PAPC oxidation was promoted by Fenton chemistry and the oxidation products were incubated with Ang‐II. The reaction products were finally analysed by off‐line nanospray high‐performance liquid chromatography/matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization tandem mass spectrometry (nano‐HPLC/MALDI‐TOF‐MS/MS).Ang‐II was found to form adducts with 26 different aldehydes, leading to 37 distinct reaction products. Modification of Ang‐II occurred through reaction with reactive carbonyl species (RCS) originating from fatty acyl chain cleavage, while interactions with the oxidized phospholipid could not be detected. Adduction was observed to occur both by Michael and Schiff base mechanisms, most prevalently taking place at the peptide N‐terminus or the arginine residue. Histidine modification could only be demonstrated to occur via Michael addition with two aldehydes: 4‐hydroxy‐2‐nonenal (HNE) and 2‐octenal. The highly reactive 4‐oxo‐2‐nonenal (ONE) was shown to react preferentially with the arginine side chain, while malondialdehyde addition could only be confirmed at the N‐terminus. Aspartic acid oxidative decarboxylation, amino acid side chain oxidation, multiple adduction or peptide cross‐links could not be perceived. The inability to detect these reaction products is indicative of their low abundance or non‐existence in competitive reaction conditions. The multiplicity of peptide modifications described emphasizes the complexity of lipoxidation, the effects of which are not possible to fully understand by the evaluation of independent reaction products. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Corporate Reports on Sustainability and Sustainable Development: ‘We Have Arrived’
Authors: Ihlen Øyvind , Roper Juliet 
Published: April 2011

ABSTRACTThis paper analyses how the world's largest corporations communicate about sustainability and sustainable development in their non‐financial reports. It investigates the concept use, definitions and attempts at operationalization, and the rationales that corporations give to engage with them. It is concluded that the corporations typically opt to treat sustainability and sustainable development as given and unproblematic instead of addressing the fundamental problems of today's practice or the dilemmas of the concepts. The most striking finding, however, is that so many of the corporations no longer argue that they are on a ‘journey’ towards sustainability, but that they have already integrated sustainability principles and that they have worked like this for years. Such arguments arguably inhibit the change in business models that many commentators call for. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Study of hydrophilicity and stability of chemically modified PDMS surface using piranha and KOH solution
Authors: Maji Debashis , Lahiri S. K. , Das Soumen 
Published: April 2011

AbstractSuccessful realization of various BioMEMS devices demands effective surface modification techniques of PDMS elastomer. This paper presents a detailed report on a simple and cost effective approach for surface modification of PDMS films involving wet chemical treatment in two‐step processes: primarily involving piranha solution followed by KOH dip to improve hydrophilicity and stability of PDMS surface. Chemical composition of the solution and surface treatment condition have been varied and optimized to significantly increase the surface energy. The effect of surface modification of the elastomer after wet chemical treatment is analyzed using contact angle measurement and FTIR‐ATR study. PDMS surface treated in piranha solution with H2O2 and H2SO4 in the ratio of 2:3 followed by a dip in KOH solution for 15 min duration each, demonstrated a maximum reduction of contact angle to ∼27° as compared to untreated sample having a contact angle of ∼110°. The removal of hydrophobic methyl group from elastomer surface and subsequent hydrophilization of surface by wet chemical process was confirmed from FTIR‐ATR spectra. This result is also supported by improved adhesion and electrical continuity of deposited aluminum metal film over the modified PDMS surface. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Starch sulfate as an efficient and biodegradable polymer catalyst for one‐pot, four‐component reaction of 2H‐indazolo[2,1‐b]phthalazine‐triones
Authors: Shaterian Hamid Reza , Rigi Fatemeh 
Published: April 2011

AbstractA practical and green method for the synthesis of 2H‐indazolo[2,1‐b]phthalazine‐1,6,11(13H)‐trione derivatives using starch sulfate as a solid acid catalyst for the four‐component condensation reaction from hydrazinium hydroxide, phthalic anhydride, dimedone, and aromatic aldehydes under thermal solvent‐free conditions is described for the first time. Starch sulfate, a recyclable and easily handled catalyst has been demonstrated as a new catalyst for the synthesis of these classes of compounds.
Cardiovascular manifestations of Alkaptonuria
Authors: Pettit Stephen J. , Fisher Michael , Gallagher James A. , Ranganath Lakshminarayan R. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe cardiovascular manifestations of alkaptonuria relate to deposition of ochronotic pigment within heart valves, endocardium, aortic intima and coronary arteries. We assessed 16 individuals with alkaptonuria for cardiovascular disease, including full electrocardiographic and echocardiographic assessment. The self reported prevalence of valvular heart disease and coronary artery disease was low. There was a significant burden of previously undiagnosed aortic valve disease, reaching a prevalence of over 40% by the fifth decade of life. The aortic valve disease was found to increase in both prevalence and severity with advancing age. In contrast to previous reports, we did not find a significant burden of mitral valve disease or coronary artery disease. These findings are important for the clinical follow‐up of patients with alkaptonuria and suggest a role for echocardiographic surveillance of patients above 40 years old.
Where are the Males? Gender Differences in Undergraduates’ Interest in and Perceptions of the Genetic Counseling Profession
Authors: Kopesky Jeffrey W. , Veach Patricia McCarthy , Lian Fengqin , LeRoy Bonnie S. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractGenetic counseling is a female‐dominated field, with women comprising about 95% of the profession (Smith et al. 2009). Greater patient choice and satisfaction may be achieved by increasing the number of male counselors, but empirical evidence about the reasons for this gender imbalance is limited. In this study 190 undergraduates (110 females, 79 males, 1 unknown) in upper division bioscience courses completed a survey assessing their knowledge and perceptions of and interest in genetic counseling as a career. There were only two significant gender differences. Females indicated significantly greater interest than males in pursuing a genetic counseling career, and they rated interpersonal skills as more integral to genetic counseling than males. Multiple regression analyses of knowledge and perceptions as possible predictors of male and female interest in pursuing a genetic counseling career yielded no significant predictors of male interest. For females, there were four significant predictors: estimated salary, career characteristics, perceptions of genetic counseling as interpersonally focused, and whether they had already chosen a career. Implications for recruiting males to the profession, and research recommendations are presented.
Health Measurement in Population Surveys: Combining Information from Self-reported and Observer-Measured Health Indicators
Authors: Ploubidis George B. , Grundy Emily 
Published: April 2011

AbstractOur primary aim is to develop and validate a population health metric for survey-based health assessment that combines information from both self-reported and observer-measured health indicators. A secondary objective is to use this index to examine gender and socioeconomic differentials in the health status of older people. We use data from the second wave of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) conducted in 2004 (N = 8,870). Information from three observer-measured and three self-reported health indicators was combined, using a latent variable modeling approach. A model that decomposed the manifest health indicators to valid health, systematic error, and random error was found to fit the data best. The latent health dimension represented somatic health, and was tested against three external criteria: height, waist-hip ratio, and smoking status. We present the Latent Index of Somatic Health (LISH), as well as a procedure for deriving the LISH in surveys employing both self- and observer-measured health indicators. Observer-measured and self-reported indicators were found to be equally biased in indexing population somatic health, with the exception of self-reports of functional limitations, which was the most reliable somatic health indicator. As expected, results showed that women had worse health than men and that socioeconomic advantage is associated with better somatic health.
Parenting and adolescent adjustment: The role of parental reflective function
Authors: Benbassat Naomi , Priel Beatriz 
Published: April 2011

ABSTRACTReflective function (RF) is the capacity to reflect on one’s own mental experiences and those of others. This study examined the relationship between parental RF and adolescent adjustment. One hundred and five adolescents, aged 14–18, and their mothers and fathers were interviewed and completed questionnaires during home visits. We measured parental RF, aspects of parenting behavior, and adolescent outcomes. We found that parental RF correlated with adolescent RF and social competence. Unexpectedly, it also correlated with internalizing problems and less positive self‐perception. In addition, parental RF, particularly paternal RF, interacted with aspects of parenting behavior. In the presence of higher levels of parental RF, these behavioral aspects were associated with more positive adolescent outcomes. We conclude that (a) parental RF is associated with both desirable outcomes and possible costs and (b) parental RF, particularly paternal RF, is a significant moderator of the associations between parenting behaviors and adolescent outcomes.
Vector‐mediated release of GABA attenuates pain‐related behaviors and reduces NaV1.7 in DRG neurons
Authors: Chattopadhyay Munmun , Mata Marina , Finkl David J. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractPain is a common and debilitating accompaniment of neuropathy that occurs as a complication of diabetes. In the current study, we examined the effect of continuous release of gamma amino butyric acid (GABA), achieved by gene transfer of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD67) to dorsal root ganglia (DRG) in vivo using a non‐replicating herpes simplex virus (HSV)‐based vector (vG) in a rat model of painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN). Subcutaneous inoculation of vG reduced mechanical hyperalgesia, thermal hyperalgesia and cold allodynia in rats with PDN. Continuous release of GABA from vector transduced cells in vivo prevented the increase in the voltage‐gated sodium channel isoform 1.7 (NaV1.7) protein that is characteristic of PDN. In vitro, infection of primary DRG neurons with vG prevented the increase in NaV1.7 resulting from exposure to hyperglycemia. The effect of vector‐mediated GABA on NaV1.7 levels in vitro was blocked by phaclofen but not by bicuculline, a GABAB receptor effect that was blocked by pertussis toxin‐(PTX) interference with Gα(i/o) function. Taken in conjunction with our previous observation that continuous activation of delta opioid receptors by vector‐mediated release of enkephalin also prevents the increase in NaV1.7 in DRG exposed to hyperglycemia in vitro or in vivo, the observations in this report suggest a novel common mechanism through which activation of G protein coupled receptors (GPCR) in DRG neurons regulate the phenotype of the primary afferent.