bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Nutritional Counseling using Online Media (Nutrilove) on The Nutritional Knowledge of Pregnant Women
Authors: Bunga Putri Arindra  , Bastianus Doddy Riyadi  , Juin Hadisuyitno  , Sugeng Iwan Setyobudi  
Published: June 2024

Anemia in pregnant women is a nutritional problem that has not yet been solved. The cause of anemia is directly due to the unavailability of sufficient nutrients in the body and indirectly caused by a lack of knowledge of pregnant women. This study aimed to determine the difference in the knowledge of pregnant women with lecture method counseling using the educational media Nutrilove website. This type of research is a quasi-experimental non-randomized control group pre-test post-test design. The sample consisted of 24 pregnant women in Wandanpuro Bululawang Village who were divided into 2 groups, the control group consisted of 12 pregnant women who were not given any intervention and the intervention group consisted of 12 people who were given lectures using the Nutrilove website media. The knowledge score was carried out 2 times, before and 3 weeks after the intervention and grouped into 3 categories, good, sufficient, and poor. Statistical tests used paired sample t-test and independent t-test. There was a significant difference in knowledge before and after intervention (p=0.005) and a significant difference in the knowledge of pregnant women between the control group and the treatment group (p=0.001). The counseling method using the Nutrilove website media can increase pregnant women's knowledge about the importance of consuming iron and folic acid in preventing anemia.
Enhancement of Sports Nutrition Knowledge and Energy Intake after Sports Nutrition Education for Combat Athletes
Authors: Pratiwi Rachmahnia , Siti Rahayu Nadhiroh  
Published: June 2024

Providing nutrition and food support is necessary for enhancing and maximizing athletic performance in individuals engaged in sports activities. This study aimed to examine the impact of sports nutrition education on combat athletes' sports nutrition knowledge and nutritional sufficiency. This quantitative study used a quasi-experimental design, explicitly utilizing a pretest-posttest control group design. The study included a total of 76 participants, who were categorized into two groups: intervention and control. Each group consisted of 38 athletes. The data were analysed using SPSS. The Independent T-Test and Paired T-Test determined if the data followed a normal distribution. The Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon Signed Rank tests were employed if the data did not follow a normal distribution. The nutrition education intervention comprised seven weekly materials sent to the intervention group. The findings indicated significant nutritional knowledge differences (p=<0.001) between the intervention and control groups. Additionally, there were significant differences in the sufficiency of energy intake (p=0.029) within the intervention group. The study's findings indicated that nutrition education significantly affected the intervention group's sports nutrition knowledge and energy intake adequacy. Additionally, the nutrition education intervention significantly affected the sports nutrition knowledge of the control group. Athletes’ enhanced understanding will positively affect their ability to satisfy energy requirements.
Evaluation of Ashitaba (Angelica keiskei) Crackers Formulations as α-Glucosidase Enzyme Inhibitors
Authors: Khoiriyah Romyun Alvy , Marliyati Sri Anna , Ekayanti Ikeu , Handharyani Ekowati 
Published: June 2024

One of the global health issues is diabetes mellitus, characterized by elevated blood glucose levels. The absorption of glucose in the body occurs through the digestion of carbohydrates by the enzyme α-glucosidase, which is responsible for hydrolyzing carbohydrates into sugar. Ashitaba (Angelica keiskei) is a herbal plant from Japan and has long been utilized in traditional medicine for its various health benefits and preventive properties against multiple diseases. This plant has also been cultivated in Indonesia, including Trawas Mojokerto, East Java. This study aims to develop ashitaba crackers and evaluate their potential α-glucosidase inhibitory activity to develop safe and effective natural products to assist in managing diabetes more efficiently. This research was conducted from July to September 2022. Two formulations of fresh ashitaba leaves were used (12% CAST 1 and 18% CAST 2 of 100 g of flour). Based on the results of this research, chemical composition tests showed that the carbohydrate and dietary fiber content in CAST 1 were higher than those in CAST 2. Protein, lipid, water, and ash content in CAST 2 had higher values than in CAST 1. Flavonoid content and inhibitory activity test results of ashitaba crackers showed significant differences between the two formulation groups regarding flavonoid content and percentage inhibition against the α-glucosidase enzyme. Both flavonoid content and inhibitory activity in CAST 2 were higher than in CAST 1. Ashitaba crackers with the best formulation in this study, based on flavonoid levels and their ability to inhibit α-glucosidase enzyme, were identified as CAST 2.
Evaluating the Interaction Between Silicon Surface and Microorganisms in Various Solvents Under the Influence of a Static Magnetic Field Using Fractal Analysis
Authors: Marynchenko Lolita , Nizhelska Olena , Shirinyan Aram , Gorchakova Nadezhda 
Published: June 2024

Background. Peculiarities of the interaction of microorganisms with the surface are important from the point of view of the functionality of this surface (implants, chips, electrodes with biofilm for producing electric current). The orderliness of organic particles and cells on different surfaces can be assessed by determining the fractal dimension and lacunarity and indicate the structural state or efficiency of the system.
Objective. Investigation how different solvents and the application of a magnetic field affect the texture of suspensions containing microorganisms when dried on various types of silicon surfaces and quantitatively assess the dimensions of the structures formed using fractal analysis.
Methodology. After mixing, the cell suspension was applied to the polished, degreased surface of silicon wafers arranged horizontally and left to dry completely. In a static magnetic field (MF) with an induction of 0.17 T, the induction lines were perpendicular to the surface of the sample. Micrographs of dried cells were pro­cessed in software package ImageJ and fractal analysis was performed using the FracLac software application and "Box counting" technique.
Results. Significant differences in the self-organization of various types of microorganism cells during drying on silicon surfaces under the influence of a MF and in different solvents have been found. The tendency for various types of microorganisms was the formation of pseudofractal shapes and an increase in the average fractal dimension D under the action of a MF. As D increased, lacunarity L decreased. However, in the case of yeast suspended in a physiological solution, pseudofractal shapes were observed even in the absence of a MF.
Conclusions. Using fractal analysis of pseudofractal figures consisting of cells of microorganisms on the surface of a silicon plate under the influence of MF, it is possible to evaluate the functionality of cells interacting with the surface, as well as the quality of this surface.
In vitro Modeling of the Effect of Lactobacillus Metabolites on the Systemic Response of the Body in Intestinal Viral Infection
Authors: Soloviov Serhii , Trokhimenko Olena , Polishchuk Valentyna , Pits Vadym , Vasylenko Volodymyr , Vasylenko Yevheniia , Hol Illia , Symchuk Artem , Kostiuk Olena 
Published: June 2024

Background. Viral infectious diseases remain a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The lack of effective antiviral drugs for the treatment of viral gastroenteritis emphasizes the relevance of various forms of combination therapy, including a balanced diet and the use of probiotics.
Objective. To verify in vitro the hypothesis about the effect of metabolites from probiotic strains of lactobacilli on the systemic response of the body in intestinal viral infection.
Methods. The objects of study were filtrates of culture fluids from probiotic lactobacillus strains L. delbrueckii subsp. lactis LE and L. rhamnosus LB3. HEp-2 and Namalwa cell cultures and vesicular stomatitis test virus were used as biological test objects. The study employed spectrophotometric and cytofluorometric analysis.
Results. The absence of a direct anti-inflammatory effect in the samples of lactobacillus culture fluid filtrates was revealed. It was found that the culture fluid filtrate of the lactobacillus strain L. delbrueckii subsp. lactis LE exhibited the most pronounced properties of an interferon coinducer. The proliferative index (PI) of HEp-2 cells was analyzed under different effects. Cells incubated with lactobacillus culture fluid filtrate (LE) showed an increase in PI for young cells, a decrease for mid-mature cells, and an increase for late-mature cells. The combined effect of TNF-a and lactobacillus LE culture filtrate was characterized by stimulation of PI for medium-mature cells and significant inhibition of PI of late-mature cells.
Conclusions. The synergistic effect of lactobacillus culture filtrates and inflammatory factors will contribute to the accelerated elimination of late-mature and affected cells from the intestine and stimulate the proliferation of young and medium-mature cells to replace them, thereby promoting the regeneration of the intestinal epithelium and accelerate recovery. At the same time, probiotic strains of lactobacilli can enhance the interferonogenic properties of gastroenteritis viruses, and ultimately stimulating the formation of specific immunity in these diseases.
Hamiltonian Model for Electron Heating by Lower Hybrid Drift Waves during Magnetic Reconnection with a Strong Guide Field
Authors: Sattin Fabio 
Published: June 2024

Recent measurements in the MRX laboratory plasma [J.Yoo et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 132, 145101 (2024)] have evidenced the role of lower hybrid drift waves produced during magnetic reconnections in producing an effective anomalous resistivity and heating of electrons. A detailed modelization of the energy transfer from the waves to electrons is missing, though. In this work, we attempt such an exercise using a Hamiltonian test-particle model for wave-electron interaction, valid for low-β weakly collisional plasmas. Quantitative agreement with MRX results is found.
Novel Pan-Coronavirus 3CL Protease Inhibitor MK-7845: Bio-Logical and Pharmacological Profiling
Authors: Alvarez Nadine , Adam Gregory C , Howe John A , Sharma Vijeta , Zimmerman Matthew D , Dolgov Enriko , Rasheed Risha , Nizar Fatima , Sahay Khushboo , Nelson Andrew M , Park Steven , Zhou Xiaoyan , Burlein Christine , Fay John F , Iwamoto Daniel V , Bahnck-Teets Carolyn M , Getty Krista L , Lin Goh Shih , Salhab Imad , Smith Keith , Boyce Christopher W , Cabalu Tamara D , Murgolo Nicholas , Fox Nicholas G , Mayhood Todd W , Shurtleff Valerie , Layton Mark E , Parish Craig A , McCauley John A , Olsen David B , Perlin David S 
Published: June 2024

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to be a global threat due to its ability to evolve and generate new subvariants, leading to new waves of infection. Additionally, other coronaviruses like Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV, formerly known as hCoV-EMC) which first emerged in 2012, persists and continues to present a threat of severe illness to humans. The continued identification of novel coronaviruses, coupled with the potential for genetic recombination between different strains, raises the possibility of new coronavirus clades of global concern emerging. As a result, there is a pressing need for pan-CoV therapeutic drugs and vaccines. After extensive optimization of an HCV protease inhibitor screening hit, a novel 3CLPro inhibitor (MK-7845) was discovered and subsequently profiled. MK-7845 exhibited nanomolar in vitro potency with broad spectrum activity against a panel of clinical SARS-CoV-2 subvariants and MERS-CoV. Furthermore, when administered orally, MK-7845 demonstrated a notable reduction of viral burdens by &amp;gt;6 log orders in the lungs of transgenic mice infected with SARS-CoV-2 (K18-hACE2 mice) and MERS-CoV (K18-hDDP4 mice).
Petrology and Stable Isotopes of Patchy Dolostone of Ediacaran Dengying Formation in South Qinling, Central China: Implication for the Diagenetic History
Authors: Zuo Pengfei , Cheng Haihua , Magalhães A. J. C. , Sun Jiangtao , Qiu Liang , Xiao Zihan , Dong Yiming 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Dolostone, with its complex diagenetic history, has long been debate. The formation of patchy dolostone, which consists of various types of dolomites, is particularly controversial due to the superimposed diagenetic events. In this study, we conducted mineralogical and stable isotope geochemical analyses of the Ediacaran patchy dolostone from the Dengying Formation in South Qinling to elucidate the diagenetic processes involved. Microscopic examination reveals that the patchy dolostone can be classified into three types: Type I, composed of micritic to powdery crystalline dolomite (D1) and fine crystalline dolomite (D2); Type II, primarily consisting of medium-coarse crystalline dolomite (D3) along with D2; and Type III, characterized by the presence of saddle dolomite (SD) and D1. Cathodoluminescence and electron probe microanalysis indicate that D2 and D3 are enriched in Mn and Fe, whereas SD is depleted in Sr and Na compared to D1. Backscattered electron images reveal a prevalence of apatite, particularly in Type III dolostone. Calcite and quartz extensively replace the dolomites. Carbon and oxygen isotopes indicate that D1 has the highest δ13C and δ18O values, while D2 and D3 show negative shifts, and SD exhibits the lowest values. These observations suggest that the transition from D1 to D2 and D3 is due to recrystallization processes during burial. The formation of SD is likely the result of hydrothermal activity. Consequently, the patchy dolostone experienced three main stages of diagenesis, which included the recrystallization of D1 and the formation of SD. Considering the vertical distribution of the patchy dolostone and the occurrence of hyperkarst breccia dolostone, it is reasonable to infer that sea level variations are the primary cause of the formation of patchy dolostone.
Development of a Large Shaking Table Test for Sand Liquefaction Analysis
Authors: Yao Chuanqin , Zhong Huaqiao , Zhu Zhehao 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This article highlights the development of a large shaking table test for sand liquefaction analysis. Two soil containers of different sizes were fabricated. The first one was small (0.87 m × 0.87 m × 1.20 m) in which the reconstitution and saturation methods could be easily tested. The dry tamping (DT) method was used to fabricate a model specimen. The subsequent field measurements suggested that the DT method provided a good distribution of sand grains in different cross sections. Before supplying the model specimen with water, carbon dioxide was flushed to replace air bubbles. This helped in obtaining a good degree of saturation, later verified by a digital moisture meter. For a given inlet water flux, the recorded pore water pressure displayed a quasi-linear trend, suggesting a good internal void system. This reconfirms the effectiveness of the DT method to yield homogeneous model specimens. The second soil container was huge (4 m × 4 m × 2 m) and used to explore liquefaction behavior in real engineering dimensions. Flexible foams were mounted on the side walls to mitigate the boundary effect. Although the boundary effect still manifested itself near the edges of the container during base shaking, half of the model specimen underwent a correct simple shear condition. For further analysis, vane shear tests were carried out before and after the liquefaction test. It was found that the intermediate layer, in general, suffered from the most severe liquefaction failure.
DSOD: A Novel Method for Intelligent Traffic Object Detection
Authors: chen hao , chen zhan , yu hang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Accurate identification of road object is crucial for intelligent traffic systems. However, due to the complexity of road traffic scenarios, developing efficient and accurate road object detection methods has been a challenging task. In this study, a new improved method for road object detection is proposed, named Enhanced YOLOv5 algorithm and Deep Schedule Object Detection (DSOD) algorithm. Real traffic scenes from the BDD100k dataset are used for training and testing the object detection model. The dataset consists of 9 different types of road objects in various traffic scenarios. The Mosaic data augmentation algorithm is applied to merge images in the dataset. Mean Average Precision (mAP), Precision (P), and Recall (R) are used as evaluation metrics to compare the enhanced YOLOv5 model with the most common models. Experimental results demonstrate that the DSOD algorithm achieves success in intelligent traffic object detection, significantly improving the accuracy and robustness of road object recognition. Additionally, the developed model shows significant performance improvement in accurately identifying objects in complex traffic scenes. These results suggest that the DSOD algorithm is a promising choice for intelligent road recognition and can easily adapt to different traffic scenarios. Furthermore, employing cloud computing for real-time detection meets the requirements of intelligent cooperative vehicles and enhances their visual perception capabilities.
Spring abundance, biomass and sizes of appendicularians between open sea MPA Namuncurá/ Burdwood Bank and the adjacent coastal area, Southwest Atlantic Ocean: Are they a key link in the trophic web?
Authors: Alves Nadia , Spinelli Mariela , Martin Jacobo , Malits Andrea , Capitanio Fabiana 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Appendicularians are recognized as one of the most abundant mesozooplankton groups in numerous pelagic environments and they play a crucial role in marine ecosystems as they bridge the gap between primary producers and higher trophic levels in the food webs. Zooplankton samples were collected during three spring oceanographic surveys conducted in 2014, 2015, and 2016, in the coastal zone (Staten Island) and oceanic zone (Namuncurá-Banco Burdwood Marine Protected Area). Our study focuses on a comparative analysis of species composition, density, biomass, and maturity stages of appendicularia between these oceanic and coastal regions, which are marked by distinct physical and biological attributes. Two species of appendicularians were found in the study area, Oikopleura fusiformis and Fritillaria borealis, the former being the dominant. Their distribution was different because F. borealis was mainly concentrated in the coastal zone while O. fusiformis was consistently recorded in both zones. Chlorophyll-a concentrations were found to be higher in the coastal zone than in the oceanic zone. These higher concentrations were accompanied by higher densities of O. fusiformis in that area. The surface current velocity seems to reflect the total phytoplankton biomass being higher in the oceanic zone. On the other hand, the temperature for the marine protected area was lower which could be related to the larger sizes of the appendicularians in that zone. Baseline data of the species in protected areas and surrounding areas is essential to contribute to the stakeholders and advise on future changes that translate into regional and global processes.
A Mixed Convection Model for Estimating the Critical Velocity to Prevent Smoke Backlayering in Tunnels
Authors: Beyer Michael , Stacey Conrad , Brenn Günter 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

A novel mathematical model for the critical ventilation velocity to prevent smoke backlayering in tunnels is presented, addressing limitations of prior approaches. The basis of the model is a rigorous characterisation of the physical processes by the characteristic quantities. Empirical parameters within the new model are determined, to align with results from both full-size and small-scale tunnel experiments. Data from numerical simulations (CFD, Computational Fluid Dynamics), validated by known test data, are then used to estimate the effects of tunnel slope and other parameters on the critical velocity. The model is seen to approximate the critical velocity well, following all trends identified by test data and CFD parameter studies. The empirically calibrated equation permits prediction of the critical velocity beyond the narrow range of tunnel geometries where known results already give an answer. The resulting equation has practical application for tunnel design.
Plant origin metabolites in the development of new preparations for overcoming antibiotic-resistance and enhancing the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents
Authors: Ginovyan Mikayel , Tadevosyan Silvard , Shirvanyan Anahit , Babayan Anush , Kusznierewicz Barbara , Koss-Mikołajczyk Izabela , Mróz Marika , Bartoszek Agnieszka , Sahakyan Naira 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The presented study aimed to assess the efficacy of secondary metabolites extracted from blackcurrant, fig, and grape leaves in reversing antibiotic resistance and enhancing chemotherapeutic efficacy. The viability tests were employed to assess the resistance-modifying properties of the metabolites both in bacterial cells and cancer cell-lines. To elucidate the potential mechanisms of the antibiotic modulatory activity of test extracts, the changes in H+-fluxes across the cell membrane and their impact on the H+-translocating F0F1-ATPase activity in E. coli were explored. Metabolomic characterization of the extracts was conducted using LC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS analysis. Experiments on doxorubicin-resistant and susceptible HT-29 cells revealed that all three extracts reversed antibiotic resistance in HT-29R cells, making them susceptible to doxorubicin in a dose-dependent manner. Notably, blackcurrant, and fig significantly reduced the minimum inhibitory concentrations of ampicillin and kanamycin against resistant E. coli strains. Our results indicated that all plant extracts enhanced H+-fluxes in the investigated bacterial strain and promoted ATPase activity, suggesting a potential role in altering bacterial membrane integrity. LC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS analysis identified more than 100 major peaks, with flavonoids and phenolics being the dominant constituents. The study underscores the potential of the selected plant extracts in developing of new agents to overcome antibiotic resistance and enhance the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents. Importantly, although these plant leaves are often considered as bio-waste, they can be used as valuable sources of bioactive compounds. This underlines the importance of re-evaluating agricultural by-products for their potential in pharmacological applications, fostering a sustainable approach in drug development.