bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion Secondary to Orbital Cellulitis and Abscess following Dacryocystitis
Authors: Coşkun Mesut , İlhan Özgür , Keskin Uğurcan , Ayintap Emre , Tuzcu Esra , Semiz Hilal , Öksüz Hüseyin 
Published: March 2011

Purpose To report a case of dacryocystitis that progressed to orbital abscess resulting in the rare complication of central retinal artery occlusion. Methods A patient without any other known health problems presented with dacryocystitis complicated by orbital cellulitis, orbital abscess, and finally central retinal artery occlusion despite medical treatment. Results After 48 hours of medical treatment, there was no recovery, and there was loss of light perception; because of this, surgery indication was determined. Fundus fluorescein angiogram demonstrated findings of central retinal artery occlusion. There was no recovery of light perception after surgical intervention. Conclusions We report a case of orbital abscess following dacryocystitis in a healthy middle-aged woman resulting in the rare complication of central retinal artery occlusion. To our knowledge, this is the first report of central retinal artery occlusion secondary to orbital abscess following dacryocystitis.
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy for Transient Bone Marrow Oedema Syndrome of the Hip
Authors: Capone Antonio , Podda Daniele , Ennas Franco , Iesu Cesare , Casciu Luigi , Civinini Roberto 
Published: March 2011

Transient bone marrow oedema syndrome of the proximal femur is characterized by acute, progressive pain in the hip that is increased by weight-bearing. Treatment includes restricted weight-bearing and analgesic medication. A prospective, randomized study was performed to compare two groups of patients affected by bone marrow oedema syndrome of the femoral head. 20 patients received pharmacological and hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and a control group of 21 patients received pharmacological therapy alone. The overall average WOMAC score at 3 months was significantly higher (p>0.001) for the hyperbaric oxygen group (70.8 points) compared with the control group (56.4 points). Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 3 months showed resolution of bone marrow oedema in 55.0% of the patients treated with hyperbaric oxygen compared with 28% in the control group. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy appears to be effective in treating transient bone marrow oedema syndrome, resulting in an accelerated recovery of hip function compared to pharmacological therapy alone.
Neuroprotective effect of Erigeron Breviscapus (vant) Hand-mazz extract on retinal ganglion cells in rabbits with chronic elevated intraocular pressure
Authors: Zhong Yi-sheng , Xiang Min-hong , Ye Wen , Huang Ping , Cheng Yu , Jiang You-qin 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Background: Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are protected in rats with acute elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) by Erigeron breviscapus (vant.) hand-mazz (EBHM). However, it is unclear whether EBHM has neuroprotective effect on RGCs in animal with chronic elevated IOP.
Objective: Investigate the protective effect of EBHM extract on RGCs in rabbits with chronic elevated IOP.
Methods: Unilateral chronic elevated IOP was produced in rabbits by repeated injection of 2% methylcellulose into the anterior chamber. Secondary degeneration was measured with and without EBHM extract treatment for 60 days. At 60 days, the cells density of the RGCs layer, the thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), and the optic nerve axons were observed and analyzed using an image analysis system. The ultrastructural changes of RGCs and optic nerve axons were observed using transmission electron microscopy.
Results: Compared with their contralateral control eyes with normal IOP, in the retinas of 3-4 mm from the optic disc, the cells density of the RGCs layer in the eyes with chronic elevated IOP was 23.2±6.5 cells (n = 6) and 36.0±8.9 cells (n = 10) per three 400x fields at 60 days in untreated and EBHM-treated group, respectively. The RNFL thickness in eyes with chronic elevated IOP was 3.4±0.4 μm (n = 6) and 5.0±1.0 μm (n = 10) at 60 days in untreated and EBHM-treated group, respectively. The axons number per 15057.8 μm2 in eyes with chronic elevated IOP was 370.4±41.0 (n = 6) and 439.0±50.8 (n = 10) at 60 days in untreated and EBHM-treated group, respectively. The number of the organelles in RGCs plasm appeared decreased and mitochondrion vacuolated in the elevated IOP eyes of EBHM-treated group, while some dispersive mitochondrion and rough surfaced endoplasmic reticulum and ribosome still existed in the RGCs plasm. The myelin sheath plates condensed and degenerated, and the microfilaments and microtubules decreased or disappeared in the elevated IOP eyes, but the axons degeneration in the chronic elevated IOP with EBHM treatment was less than that in the chronic elevated IOP without treatment.
Conclusion: EBHM extract provided a neuroprotective effect on retinal ganglion cells in rabbits with chronic elevated IOP.
Expression of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in rats with thioacetamide-induced acute liver failure and encephalopathy: correlation with brain edema
Authors: Wang Li-Qing , Zhou Heng-Jun , Pan Cai-Fei , Zhu Sheng-Mei , Xu Lin-Mei 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Background: Secondary brain edema is a serious complication of hepatic encephalopathy (HE). Recently, it has been reported that proinflammatory cytokines are involved in the pathogenesis of brain edema during HE.
Objectives: Observe the dynamic expressions of brain and plasma proinflammatory cytokines in encephalopathy rats, and evaluate the relationship between proinflammatory cytokines and brain edema.
Methods: Acute HE rats were induced by intraperitoneal injection of thioacetamide (TAA) in 24 hours intervals for two consecutive days. Then, clinical symptom and stages of hepatic encephalopathy, motor activity counts, index of liver function, and brain water content were observed. The dynamic expressions of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in plasma and brain tissues were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Results: Typical clinical performances of hepatic encephalopathy were occurred in all TAA-administrated rats. The TAA rats showed lower motor activity counts and higher the index of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin and ammonia than those in control rats. Brain water content was significantly enhanced in TAA rats compared with the control. The expressions of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF- α in plasma and brain significantly increased in TAA rats. In addition, the expressions of cerebral proinflammatory cytokines were positively correlated with brain water content but negatively correlated with motor activity counts.Conclusion: Inflammation was involved in the pathogenesis of brain edema during TAA-induced HE.
Development of an automated method for the determination of human paraoxonase1 activity
Authors: Araoud Manel , Neffeti Fadoua , Douki Wahiba , Kenani Abderraouf , Najjar Mohamed Fadhel 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Background: Human plasma paraoxonase1 (PON1) is an esterase catalyzing the hydrolysis of organophosphorus pesticides and other xenobiotics. The aims of this study were to develop a rapid method to determinate PON1 activity, evaluate some interference, and study the influence of storage temperature on PON1 activity assay.
Methods: Measurement of PON1 activity was performed for 369 samples by measuring the hydrolysis of paraoxon using a spectrophotometric method adapted on konelab 30 ⃞.
Results: The developed method facilitates the determination of PON1 activity at the rate of more than 200 samples per hour, and it is linear between 2 and 900 IU/L. Intra and inter-assay imprecision coefficients of variation were 2% and 5% respectively. PON1 activity in serum was correlated with those in heparinized plasma (r = 0.994, p < 0.001) and in plasma/EDTA (r = 0.962, p < 0.001). The mean inhibition of the PON1 activity was, by EDTA/K3, 41 ± 10 %. There was not significant PON1 activity variation after 40 days of storage at -20°C or at +4 ⃞ C. There were no substantial interferences from haemoglobin, jaundice and hyperlipidemia.
Conclusion: The developed method is reliable, reproducible, and suitable. It can also be performed on heparinized plasma for the determination of PON1 activity. Hence, it may be useful for assaying PON1 activity in several intoxications such as organophosphorus, sarin, and soman nerve agents.
Pneumatic reduction of intussusception: factors affecting outcome in Thailand
Authors: Kritsaneepaiboon Supika , Sangkhathat Surasak , Kanngurn Samornmas 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Background: Pneumatic reduction has become a therapeutic method for intussusception instead of surgery. It is more successful than barium reduction, but it depends on how much the operator is familiar with the method and equipment.
Objective: Determine success rate and recurrent rate of intussusception and factors affecting outcome of pneumatic reduction in Thailand.
Materials and methods: Fifty-eight children with 73 numbers of intussusception who underwent pneumatic reduction at Songklanagarind Hospital, Thailand between January 2002 and March 2007 were retrospectively reviewed. Age, sex, clinical parameters, physical examination, imaging findings, and reduction technique were evaluated.
Results: Overall success rate was 54 out of the 73 episodes and recurrent rate was 10 out of 58 patients with intussusception. Long duration of symptom, rectal bleeding, dehydration, and leukocytosis significantly affected poor outcome. Radiographic findings of gut obstruction and ascites as well as sonographic findings of thickened colonic wall, trapped fluid between intussusceptum and intussuscipien, and small bowel obstruction could also predict the poor outcome.
Conclusion: Many factors from clinical presentation, plain radiographic, and sonographic findings affect poor outcome of pneumatic reduction. However, it can be performed unless peritonitis and sepsis/shock are present.
Connection up- and down-regulation expression analysis of microarrays (CU-DREAM): a physiogenomic discovery tool
Authors: Aporntewan Chatchawit , Mutirangura Apiwat 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Background: Many microarray experiments have been conducted during recent years, and scores of gene expression data have been archived in public databases. The use of data from multiple experiments can provide valuable information. However, there is a lack of convenient tools to compare datasets in this manner.
Objective: Implement software, called CU-DREAM, to compare the datasets of two microarray experiments. CUDREAM is easy to use and compatible with Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO).
Subjects and methods: Five experiments were used to demonstrate the functionality of CU-DREAM. These are GSE6791, GSE7803, GSE5816, GSE4246, and GSE13638 for studies of cancers and RNA interference.
Results: All six showcases demonstrated the validity of the CU-DREAM approach. One showcase could confirm the regulation of genes identified in two independent experiments on cervical cancer. The statistical significance was lower compared with cervical and lung cancers. In addition, CU-DREAM could identify isoform changes in lung cancer. The last showcase demonstrated that Dicer- and Ago2-depleted cells or Dicer-depleted HeLa and HEK293 cells shared the same gene regulation pathways. CU-DREAM had seven main functions: 1) to identify genes that are up- and down-regulated in an experiment, 2) to validate significantly regulated genes using data from another experiment, 3) to determine if two different diseases have a similar effect on gene regulation, 4) to identify isoform-changed genes, 5) to determine if cells share gene regulation mechanisms, 6) to identify common gene regulation pathways even when comparing two different cell types, and 7) to identify down-stream genes that are regulated by the conditions of the analyzed experiments.
Conclusion: CU-DREAM is an effective tool for the pre-screening of drugs, substances or environmental insults or the identification of the genetic changes that are associated with pathological conditions (CU-DREAM can be downloaded from: http://pioneer.netserv.chula.ac.th/~achatcha/cu-dream).
Physicochemical properties, in vitro release and in vivo evaluation of tramadol hydrochloride rectal suppository and rectal gel
Authors: Reanmongkol Wantana , Kaewnopparat Nattha , Ratanajamit Chaveewan 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Background: Tramadol is a centrally acting analgesic drug. Rectal administration of tramadol is useful in the treatment of post-operative pain or malignant pain in cases where it cannot be administered orally. In Thailand, tramadol is available only as a capsule for oral use and as a solution for injection.
Objective: Develop tramadol hydrochloride rectal suppositories and rectal gel preparations.
Methods: Tramadol rectal suppository and rectal gel were prepared. Physicochemical properties (viscosity, gel strength, mucoadhesive force) and the in vitro release of tramadol hydrochloride were investigated from different bases (Witepsol H15, polyethylene glycol, poloxamer, and hydroxyethylcellulose). The analgesic activity of rectal tramadol hydrochloride using the hot plate test was evaluated in rats.
Results: Tramadol hydrochloride rectal gel using poloxamer was more mucoadhesive to the rectal mucous membrane than was the gel with the hydroxyethylcellulose base. Tramadol hydrochloride was released rapidly in vitro from both the Witepsol H15 and polyethylene glycol bases. It was completely released from the polyethylene glycol suppository base within 15 minutes. The amount of tramadol hydrochloride release from the Witepsol H15 suppository base was about 93% at 120 minutes. When using poloxamer or hydroxyethylcellulose as a rectal base, tramadol hydrochloride was released from both bases rapidly and completely released within 15 minutes. Administration of a tramadol hydrochloride suppository in rats exhibited a more pronounced analgesic effect with the polyethylene glycol base than with the Witepsol H15-based suppositories. The rectal gel had a less pronounced analgesic effect when made with the hydroxyethylcellulose base than with the poloxamer base.
Conclusion: Tramadol hydrochloride suppositories and rectal gels with different bases showed rapid and almost complete drug release from the bases, prolonging the latency of a nociceptive response in in vivo experiments.
The beneficial effect of long-term supplementation of vitamin C on renal mitochondrial disturbances in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Authors: Yusuksawad Mariem , Chaiyabutr Narongsak 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Background: Oxidative stress induces renal dysfunction in diabetes, in which renal mitochondrial disturbance was implicated. Vitamin C (VC) supplementation may ameliorate the renal dysfunction in diabetics. However, it is not clear whether VC supplementation is effective for renal mitochondrial disturbances in diabetes.
Objective: Investigate whether long-term continuous VC supplementation could ameliorate the renal mitochondrial disturbances in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.
Methods: Thirty-five male Sprague-Dawley rats were used, and diabetes was induced by an injection of STZ. The rats were divided into three groups: control rats (CON), STZ-induced diabetic rats (STZ), and diabetic rats supplemented by vitamin C (STZ-VC). The CON and STZ rats were given tap water, while STZ-VC rats received VC (1 g/L) every day for eight, 24 and 52 weeks. The kidney was isolated and homogenized. Oxygen comsumption (Vo2) was measured in mitochondria homogenate using an oxygen consumption monitor. Based on Vo2 tracings, the respiration control index (RCI) and P/O ratio (= ADP/ O ratio) were measured at week 8, 24 and 52.
Results: At week eight, using either glutamate plus malate (for site I) or succinate (for site II) as substrates, both RCI and P/O ratio were not significantly different among three groups. The P/O ratio in STZ and STZ-VC rats increased from eight to 52 weeks after VC supplementation. At week 24, the P/O ratio at site II was normalized in STZ-VC rat. The increased P/O ratio (only site I) and the increased RCI (only site II) of STZ-VC rats were slower than those of STZ rats.
Conclusion: Short-term VC supplementation might not influence the renal mitochondrial activity. The long-term VC supplementation could ameliorate the mitochondrial disturbances induced in STZ-induced diabetic rats.
Predictive factors of visual outcome in open globe injuries in Thailand: a prospective study
Authors: Sintuwong Sunisa , Winitchai Ruthairat 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBackground: Eye injuries, especially open globe injuries, cause visual morbidities and socioeconomic burden. It is an urgent task to require good database and stakeholder involvement for open globe injuries.Objectives: Investigate the epidemiology and predictive factors of visual outcome in open globe injuries in an industrial area in Thailand.Methods: Consecutive cases of in-patient open globe injuries in Mettapracharak Eye Centre between February 2009 and January 2010 were examined. Patients were interviewed at first visit and followed-up for six months. The Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology was used to classify types of injuries. Demographic data, cost of treatment, length of stay, and predictive factors (initial visual acuity, presence of relative afferent pupillary defect, hyphema, vitreous hemorrhage, intraocular foreign bodies, retinal detachment, time-duration to surgery, and wound length) were assessed.Results: Fifty-two out of 60 eyes were included. Most (82.7%) of patients were men and average age was 34.1 years (range: 8-68 years). About half (51.9%) were graduated from primary school and 65.3% were laborers. Most patients had not used protective devices. The endophthalmitis rate was 13.5%, and panophthalmitis rate was 5.8%. The enucleation rate was 9.6%. The median length of stay was nine days. Poor initial visual acuity and intraocular foreign bodies were significant predictive factors (p <0.05).Conclusion: Open globe injuries caused visual morbidity especially in young adult male, laborers with low education. Initial visual acuity and intraocular foreign bodies were significant predictive factors.
Printed anesthetic-risk information and perioperative anxiety: a multi-center study
Authors: Suraseranivongse Suwannee , Wungpayon Busakorn , Akavipat Phuping , Prownpun Paron , Klanarong Sireeluck 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Background: Currently, there is a considerable variation concerning the provision of preanesthetic-risk information, especially potential detrimental adverse outcomes.
Objective: Determine the effects of printed anesthetic-risk information before surgery including patients’ anxiety, refusal of surgery, knowledge perception of adverse events and factors affecting anxiety.
Methods: Patients in a university hospital, a tertiary care hospital, a secondary care hospital, and a neurological institute in Thailand, undergoing low-to-moderate risk surgery were randomly allocated to control group (C) and study group (S), where group C received printed general information in anesthesia, and group S received printed incidences of five anesthetic adverse events as sore throat, nausea/vomiting, tooth loss, not waking up after surgery, cardiac arrest. Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Scale (STAIS, STAIT) for anxiety and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for knowledge perception were recorded before and after information, and after surgery. Numbers of patients who refused surgery and needed anesthetic-risk information in the next surgery were also recorded. STAIS >45 were considered “high anxiety”.
Results: Eight-hundred and twenty-four patients were analyzed (group C: 414, group S: 410). There was no difference in age, sex, ASA physical status, salary, education level, habitat, anesthetic experience and operative risk between groups. STAIS and STAIT, proportion of patients with high anxiety, proportion of patients who refused surgery were not different between groups. Patients in control group needed anesthetic-risk information in the next surgery more than study group (p <0.001). VAS for knowledge about five adverse events in study group were significantly higher than control group (p <0.001). Risk factors by the multivariate analysis included patients with high baseline trait anxiety and low income of less than 10,000 Baht/month.
Conclusion: Printed anesthetic-risk information did not increase anxiety, but increased knowledge perception of the patients.
Did Rashi Notice a Janus Parallelism in Ezek 20:37?
Authors: Basser Herb 
Published: March 2011

Rashi seems to have combined two understandings of māsōret (Ezek. 20:37): “restraining fetter (mōsēr)” and “divine promises God had handed down (māsar).” “Fetter” looks backwards in the verse to God's yoke of obligations and forwards in the verse to the rewards of “the inherited covenantal promise”. Rashi's co-ordination of dual roots in his brief paraphrase seems to anticipate what modern scholars call “Janus parallelism”.
Saul as a Just Judge in Josephus’ Antiquities of the Jews
Authors: Avioz Michael 
Published: March 2011

This essay reconsiders Louis Feldman's assertion that Josephus characterized Saul as a king who administered justice. This assertion is examined against the narratives in 1 Samuel 14 and 22. My conclusion is that Josephus did not praise Saul for being a just king. In this regard, his characterization of Saul is consistent with the biblical narratives in 1 Samuel 14 and 22, which denounce Saul for being a negative model of the king as supreme judge.
The Friends of Antiquities (in Heb. נאמני עתיקות): The Story of an Israeli Volunteer Group and Comparative Remarks
Authors: Kletter Raz 
Published: March 2011

The ‘Friends of Antiquities” were members of a unique body of volunteers, which was active in Israel for forty years, since its creation in 1948. They were nominated by the Israel Department of Antiquities and Museums (IDAM), serving as its “eyes and ears” - reporting damage, safekeeping sites, assisting in excavations and maintaining the connection between IDAM and the general public. The present article is the first ever written on this body. It offers a detailed review and analysis of the creation, development and decline of the “Friends”, as well as notes about their status in relation to other amateur and professional bodies in the field of archaeology.
The Doings of the Wicked in Qohelet 8:10
Authors: Pinker Aron 
Published: March 2011

Minor and reasonable emendations produce the following reading:	“and also I saw wicked frequenting graves, and necromancer, and place of a holy. And they were forgotten in the city in which they did so (correctly?). This too is absurd.” The verse is an observation regarding repenting evil-doers. Their acts of piety are forgotten in their own city, though they could have served as actual examples for justifying God’s being ‘slow to anger.’