bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An alternative stereoselective synthesis of (R)‐ and (S)‐Rosaphen® via asymmetric catalytic hydrogenation
Authors: Matteoli Ugo , Beghetto Valentina , Scrivanti Alberto , Aversa Manuela , Bertoldini Matteo , Bovo Sara 
Published: August 2011

AbstractWe report an alternative synthesis of the two enantiomers of the floral fragrance Rosaphen®. The key intermediate 2‐methyl‐5‐phenylpentanoic acid 3 is synthesized via asymmetric hydrogenation (ee up to 99%) in the presence of an in situ prepared ruthenium catalyst containing the chiral ferrocenyl phosphine Mandyphos‐4. Chirality, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Enantiopure Ti(IV) amino triphenolate complexes as NMR chiral solvating agents
Authors: Zonta Cristiano , Kolarovic Andrej , Mba Miriam , Pontini Marta , KÜndig E. Peter , Licini Giulia 
Published: August 2011

AbstractEnantiopure Ti(IV) complexes bearing pseudo‐C3 amino triphenolate ligands have been synthesized and characterized. The complexes bearing ortho phenyl groups act as 1H NMR chiral solvating agent (CSA) for the stereochemical analysis of a series of sulfoxides. The coordination of a Lewis base coligand (sulfoxide) and the presence of aromatic rings are the key structural factors for the efficiency of the CSA. Chirality, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A New Modification to the Chemical Mass Balance Receptor Model for Volatile Organic Compound Source Apportionment
Authors: Demir Selami , Saral Arslan 
Published: August 2011

AbstractIn this study, a modification to the chemical mass balance (CMB) receptor model presented in an earlier work was expanded to account for the changes in volatile organic compound (VOC) source fingerprints due to atmospheric reactions of VOCs that take place after being emitted to the atmosphere. The photochemical reactions consume VOCs that participate in, causing changes in the source fingerprints. These changes are of considerable magnitude when the travel durations from the source to the receptor (measurement point) are considered. The current study focuses on expansion of the integrated reaction rates of VOCs with ambient reactive species such as OH•, O3, NO3, and O• in order to estimate the source emission profiles simultaneously at the receptor site. Two test cases with different travel times and with different ambient OH•, O3, and NO3 concentrations were also provided to compare the standard model, the modified model suggested in the previous work, and the current modification. F‐tests were also performed to determine whether the changes in source compositions are significant or not. The results from both the standard model and the modified model were evaluated in terms of χ2, R2, percent mass apportioned (MA), and a best fit (BF) measure. Maximum values of BF for the test cases from the three models were 0.70 ± 0.03, 0.74 ± 0.05, and 1.000 ± 0.00, respectively, indicating that the current modification increases the performance of two previous models and was better in explaining the effects of chemical reactions of VOCs.
Levels of Organohalogenated Pollutants in Human Milk Samples from Konya City, Turkey
Authors: Ozcan Senar , Tor Ali , Aydin Mehmet Emin 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThis study reports the levels of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs, α‐, β‐, γ‐ and Δ‐HCHs, p,p′‐DDE, p,p′‐DDD and p,p′‐DDT), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs, PCB 28, 52, 101, 153, 138 and 180 congeners) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs, PBDE 47, 99, 100, 153 and 154 congeners) in 45 individual human milk samples collected from Konya City, Turkey. Average concentrations of ΣHCHs, ΣDDTs, ΣPCBs and ΣPBDEs were 22.62, 37.10, 104.95 and 67.34 ng/g lipid wt., respectively. No significant differences in investigated pollutants were found between primiparous and multiparous mothers. There was no correlation between levels of each group of pollutants in human milk and the age of mothers. Moreover, there was no significant difference in the levels of ΣDDTs, between mothers who have eaten fish more than once a week and those who consumed fish less than once. An analysis of the infant exposure to DDTs, HCHs and PCBs via mother's milk indicated that the estimated daily intakes of these pollutants were below the guideline proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Health Canada which means that there is definitely no concern on children health.
New Insights in the Formation of Combined Zeolitic/Mesoporous Materials by using a One‐Pot Templating Synthesis
Authors: Vernimmen Jarian , Meynen Vera , Herregods Sebastiaan J. F. , Mertens Myrjam , Lebedev Oleg I. , Van Tendeloo Gustaaf , Cool Pegie 
Published: August 2011

AbstractZeolitic growth is often absent or occurs in separate phases when synthetic strategies based on the combination of zeolite templates and mesopore templating agents are applied. In this work, zeolitic growth and mesopore formation have been investigated at different temperatures by applying a one‐pot templating approach, based on a TS‐1 zeolite synthesis whereby part of the microtemplate (tetrapropylammonium hydroxide, TPAOH) is replaced by a mesotemplate (hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, CTMABr). Moreover, the synthesis duration and the molar ratio of the microtemplate/mesotemplate have also been studied. The different syntheses clearly show the inherent competitive mechanism between zeolitic growth and mesopore formation. These insights have led to the conclusion that by following a one‐pot templating strategy with standard, nonexotic commercial templates, i.e. CTMABr and TPAOH, it is not possible to develop a “true” hierarchical mesoporous zeolite, meaning a mesoporous siliceous material with highly crystalline zeolitic walls. The resultant materials are instead combined zeolitic/mesoporous composite structures with, however, highly tuneable and controllable porosity characteristics.
Oxidorhenium(V) Complexes with Oxazolinylmethoxido Ligands – Structure and Catalytic Epoxidation
Authors: Terfassa Belina , Traar Pedro , Volpe Manuel , Mösch‐Zanetti Nadia C. , Raju V. J. T. , Megersa Negussie , Retta Negussie 
Published: August 2011

AbstractReaction of [ReOCl3(PPh3)2] with (4,5‐dihydrooxazol‐2‐yl)methanol and three methyl‐substituted derivatives thereof (2a–2d) in boiling acetone or tetrahydrofuran gave oxidorhenium(V) complexes of the type [ReOCl2(PPh3)(2a–2d)] (3a–3d) as blue crystalline materials in good yields. The complexes were characterized by 1H, 13C, 31P NMR and IR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, elemental analysis and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. All the complexes showed distorted octahedral geometries and were found to contain only one oxazolyl ligand displacing one PPh3 molecule and one chloride ion from the precursor complex [ReOCl3(PPh3)2]. The complexes were tested as catalysts for the epoxidation of cyclooctene with 3 equiv. of tert‐butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP). Complex 3a containing (4,5‐dihydrooxazol‐2‐yl)methanol showed the highest yield of epoxide (79 %), whereas the complex with the tetramethyl‐substituted ligand 3d exhibited the lowest catalytic activity.
Effect of vacuum‐packaging on the changes of Russian sturgeon muscle lipids during frozen storage
Authors: Balev Dessislav , Ivanov Galin , Dragoev Stefan , Nikolov Hristo 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe changes in fatty acid composition, non‐polar (triglycerols) and polar lipids (phospholipids), total free fatty acids and total cholesterol of Russian sturgeon (Acipenser gueldenstaedtii) were studied during 360 days of storage at −18°C. It was established that total neutral lipids and phospholipids content decreased and total free fatty acids concentration increased significantly during the frozen storage. Lower non‐polar and polar lipids content and higher free fatty acids concentration of vacuum‐packaged samples in comparison with air‐packaged samples were found. The changes in total cholesterol concentration and phospholipid classes of frozen stored sturgeon were not influenced by the frozen storage period and the type of packaging. It was established that the sturgeon polar lipids consisted mainly of phosphatidylcholine – 54.98 ± 0.85%, phosphatidylethanolamine – 28.42 ± 0.61%, and phosphatidylserine – 8.64 ± 0.45%. The increase of the total free fatty acids concentration was associated with the free n − 3 PUFA accumulation as a result of hydrolysis of non‐polar and polar lipids. During the frozen storage DHA percentage of non‐polar lipids and phospholipids decreased approximately 3 and 1.75%, respectively. After 360 days of storage at −18°C the n − 3/n − 6 PUFA ratio of total lipids decreased 4.9%.
Prediction of seasonal variation of butters by computing the fatty acids composition with artificial neural networks
Authors: Gori Alessandro , Cevoli Chiara , Melia Selenia , Nocetti Marco , Fabbri Angelo , Caboni Maria Fiorenza , Losi Giuseppe 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe seasonal variation of the fatty acids composition of butters were investigated over three seasons during a 12‐month study in the protected designation of origin Parmigiano‐Reggiano cheese area. Fatty acids were analyzed by GC‐FID, and then computed by artificial neural networks (ANN). Compared with spring and winter, butter manufactured from summer milk creams showed an optimal saturated/un‐saturated fatty acids ratio (−8.89 and −5.79%), lower levels of saturated fatty acids (−2.63 and −1.68%) and higher levels of mono‐unsaturated (+5.50 and +3.45%), poly‐unsaturated fatty acids (+0.65 and +0.17%), and rumenic acid (+0.55 and +3.41%), while vaccenic acid had lower levels in spring and higher in winter (−2.94 and +2.91%). Moreover, the ANN models were able to predict the season of production of milk creams, and classify butters obtained from spring and summer milk creams on the basis of the type of feeding regimens.Practical applications:The investigation on variables that affect the milk fatty acids composition can improve the quality of milk across all systems, and the combination of chromatographic and computational techniques will ensure a secure traceability enabling producers to characterize dairy products.
New Method for Regioselective Glycosylation Employing Saccharide Oxyanions
Authors: Matwiejuk Martin , Thiem Joachim 
Published: August 2011

AbstractAs an alternative concept for glycosylation, the prior activation of acceptor hydroxy groups for selective glycosidic bond formation, was investigated to give complex oligosaccharides. Oxyanions obtained from partially protected saccharides were glycosylated by employing glycopyranosyl halides, and the regiochemical results were studied. Initially, partially methylated methyl‐α‐D‐glucopyranosides were used as a model system to study the underlying mechanistic principles of base‐promoted glycosylation. High regioselectivities and stereospecific glycosidic bond formations were achieved, and the scope of the methodology was extended with different perbenzylated glycosyl donors.
Enantioselective Synthesis of 2‐Substituted‐1,5‐Benzodiazepines through Domino Reaction of o‐Phenylenediamine and Chalcone Derivatives
Authors: Fu Xuan , Feng Juhua , Dong Zhenhua , Lin Lili , Liu Xiaohua , Feng Xiaoming 
Published: August 2011

AbstractChiral 2‐substituted‐1,5‐benzodiazepine derivatives were synthesized for the first time from an enantioselective domino reaction involving o‐phenylenediamine and 2′‐hydroxychalcones. The titanium complex formed from chiral ligand 1a derived from (S)‐BINOL and L‐prolineamide promoted the reaction and gave the products in good yields with up to 82 % ee.
Bismuth Film Electrode as Sensing Platform for IgE–anti‐IgE Interactions
Authors: Anik Ülkü , Cevik Serdar , Timur Suna 
Published: August 2011

AbstractIn this study, a bismuth film was used as a sensing platform for immunoreaction assay which includes the interactions between IgE and anti‐IgE molecules. For preparing this assay, IgE was deposited on a carbon paste electrode via bismuth(III) cations without using any membrane or functional reagent. The immobilized reagents and interaction of anti‐IgE on this formation were monitored by using atomic force microscopy technique and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Then some experimental parameters like the effect of IgE amount and the IgE–anti‐IgE interaction time were optimized. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the binding of anti‐IgE was also examined by following current decrease in differential pulse voltammograms of neutral red.
Capillary electrophoresis determination of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs in wastewater using hollow fiber liquid‐phase microextraction
Authors: Villar Navarro Mercedes , Ramos Payán María , Fernández‐Torres Rut , Bello‐López Miguel A. , Callejón Mochón Manuel , Guiráum Pérez Alfonso 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe presence of pharmaceuticals in the environment due to growing worldwide consumption has become an important problem that requires analytical solutions. This paper describes a CE determination for several nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (ibuprofen, naproxen, ketoprofen, diclofenac, ketorolac, aceclofenac and salicylic acid) in environmental waters using hollow fiber membrane liquid‐phase microextraction. The extraction was carried out using a polypropylene membrane supporting dihexyl ether and the electrophoretic separation was performed in acetate buffer (30 mM, pH 4) using ACN as the organic modifier. Detection limits between 0.25 and 0.86 ng/mL were obtained, respectively. The method could be applied to the direct determination of the seven anti‐inflammatories in wastewaters, and five of them have been determined or detected in different urban wastewaters.
Female contributions to the peaceful nature of bonobo society
Authors: Furuichi Takeshi 
Published: August 2011

AbstractAlthough chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and bonobos (Pan paniscus) are closely related, females of the two species show surprisingly large differences in many behavioral aspects. While female chimpanzees tend to range alone or in small parties during non‐estrous periods, female bonobos aggregate even more often than do males. Female chimpanzees do not have frequent social interactions with other females, whereas female bonobos maintain close social associations with one another. Although the ranging patterns of chimpanzee parties are generally led by males, female bonobos often take the initiative in ranging behavior. While female chimpanzees usually do not exhibit estrus during postpartum amenorrhea or pregnancy, female bonobos exhibit a prolonged pseudo‐estrus during such non‐conceptive periods. Studies of these two species have also shown great differences in agonistic behaviors performed by males. Male chimpanzees frequently fight with other males to compete for estrous females, but male bonobos seldom do so. While there are many records of infanticide by male chimpanzees, there is no confirmed record of such an event among bonobos. Several cases of within‐group killing among adult male chimpanzees have been reported, but there is no such record for bonobos. While intergroup conflicts among chimpanzees sometimes involve killing members of the other group, intergroup conflicts among bonobos are considerably more moderate. In some cases, bonobos from two different groups may even range together for several days while engaging in various peaceful interactions. I will address two important questions that arise from these comparisons, exploring why females of such closely related species show such clear differences in behavior and whether or not the behavioral characteristics of female bonobos contribute to the peaceful nature of bonobo society.
Understanding dimorphism as a function of changes in male and female traits
Authors: Plavcan J. Michael 
Published: August 2011

AbstractI once received a review of a manuscript that took exception to the analysis of sexual dimorphism because the phenomenon is reified from independent changes in male and female characters. The reviewer was both right and wrong. Sexual dimorphism, a difference between males and females of a species in any anatomical, physiological, or behavioral character, is real in the sense that it reflects some underlying difference between the sexes. The fact that the magnitude of these differences varies among species in a measurable and constant way suggests that the phenomenon has a biological basis. But it is also true that dimorphism is a product of independent changes in male and female traits. It is becoming more and more apparent that a complete understanding of the phenomenon of sexual dimorphism can be achieved only by understanding variation in the factors that affect both male and female traits, and the potentially different responses to those factors in each sex.
Odontogenic and nonodontogenic cysts in Istanbul: Analysis of 5088 cases
Authors: Tekkesin Merva Soluk , Olgac Vakur , Aksakalli Nihan , Alatli Canan 
Published: August 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of 5088 odontogenic and nonodontogenic cysts over a 40‐year period in the Turkish population and to compare results with findings in the literature.MethodsThe records of odontogenic and nonodontogenic cysts, occurring during 1971 to 2010, were collected and analyzed for anatomic site, age range, and sex distribution.ResultsAmong 5088 odontogenic and nonodontogenic cyst biopsies, 5003 cases (98.3%) were classified as odontogenic, whereas only 85 cases (1.7%) were nonodontogenic. In the former group, the most frequent diagnosis was radicular cyst (52.09%), followed by odontogenic keratocyst (20.6%) and dentigerous cyst (10.39%). Maxilla to mandible ratio was 1.13:1. The mean age of patients was 36.33 years (range, 2–87 years). The cysts were slightly more prevalent among male patients (57.70%).ConclusionsThe knowledge of the biological behavior and clinicopathologic features of jaw cysts constitute key aspects to provide early diagnosis and adequate surgery. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2011
MRIgHIFU: A tool for image‐guided therapeutics
Authors: Hynynen Kullervo 
Published: August 2011

AbstractHigh‐intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) provides focal delivery of mechanical energy deep into the body. This energy can be used to elevate the tissue temperature to such a degree that ablation is achieved. The elevated temperature can also be used to release drugs from temperature‐sensitive carriers or activate therapeutic molecules using mechanical or thermal energy. Lower dose exposures modify the vasculature to allow large molecules to diffuse from blood in the surrounding tissue for local drug delivery. The energy delivery can be targeted and monitored using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The online image guidance and monitoring provides treatment delivery that is customized to each patient such that optimal, effective treatment can be achieved. This ability to localize and customize treatment delivery may further enhance the future potential of targeted drugs that are personalized for each patient. This review examines the rapid development of MRI‐guided HIFU (MRIgHIFU) methods over the past few years and discuss their future potential. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2011;. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Four‐dimensional velocity mapping of the hepatic and splanchnic vasculature with radial sampling at 3 tesla: A feasibility study in portal hypertension
Authors: Frydrychowicz A. , Landgraf B.R. , Niespodzany E. , Verma R.W. , Roldán‐Alzate A. , Johnson K.M. , Wieben O. , Reeder S.B. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractPurpose:To demonstrate the feasibility of PC‐VIPR (Phase Contrast Vastly undersampled Imaging with Projection Reconstruction) for the depiction and hemodynamic analysis of hepatic and splanchnic vessels in patients with portal hypertension.Materials and Methods:Twenty‐four cirrhotic patients (55.9 ± 10.4years) were scanned using 5‐point PC‐VIPR for high spatial resolution imaging with large volume coverage at 3 Tesla (T) using a 32‐channel body coil. Vessel segmentation and hemodynamic visualization included color‐coded three‐dimensional (3D) streamlines and particle traces. Segmentation quality was compared with contrast‐enhanced multi‐phase liver imaging. Flow pattern analysis was performed in consensus of three readers. The MELD score was calculated to estimate disease severity and was correlated to image quality.Results:Good to excellent visualization quality was achieved in 23/24 cases. All arterial vessels and 144/168 vessels of the portal venous (PV) circulation were unambiguously identified. No correlation with the MELD score was found. Eight of 148 vessels of the PV circulation demonstrated reverse (hepatofugal) flow. Hepatofugal flow in small tributaries to PV flow were present in three cases despite hepatopetal flow in the PV.Conclusion:This feasibility study demonstrates the feasibility of PC‐VIPR for simultaneous morphological and hemodynamic assessment of the hepatic and splanchnic vasculature in cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Future studies with quantitative analyses are warranted. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2011;. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The immunoreactive patient: Rejection and autoimmune disease
Authors: O'Grady John 
Published: August 2011

Key Points
1. Despite highly potent immunosuppression regimens, there is a small cohort of patients at risk of graft failure due to rejection.
2. Steroid-resistant rejection is managed by the escalation of immunosuppression, but only one-third of patients with chronic rejection respond to this approach.
3. Interferon therapy for recurrent hepatitis C may induce an immunoreactive state and increase rejection rates.
4. Cyclosporine reduces the risk of recurrence of primary biliary cirrhosis but does not alter survival rates.
5. Patterns of primary sclerosing cholangitis recurrence are not affected by immunosuppression.
6. Autoimmune hepatitis recurrence and de novo autoimmune hepatitis are corticosteroid-responsive in most cases.