bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hemimegalen‐cephaly: Diagnosis and Teatment
Authors: Trounce J. Q. , Rutter N. , Mellor D. H. 
Published: July 2010

SUMMARYThree boys with hemimegalencephaly are reported. Two suffered neonatal convulsions and the third presented with seizures at seven months. In each case the EEG was grossly abnormal, with spike and wave activity. All three have significant developmental delay and demonstrate other manifestations of the condition: macrocephaly in two, contralateral hemiparesis in one and one boy has ipsilateral facial hemihypertrophy and linear naevus. Hemimegalencephaly can be recognised on cranial ultrasonography, and the seizures may respond to benzodiazepine therapy.RÉSUMÉHémimégalencéphalie, diagnostic et traitemmiL'article décrit trois cas masculins d'hémimegalencéphalie. II y avait des convulsions néonatales dans deux cas, une comitialitéà sept mois dans le troisèrne cas. Dans tous les cas, l'EEG était très anormal avec une activité de pointes‐ondes. On observait chez les trois patients un important retard de développement et d'autres manifestations de l'affection: macrocéphalie dans deux cas, hémiparésie contralatérale dans un cas, hémihypertrophie facialr: ipsilaterale avec naevus linéaire dans un cas. L'hémimégalencéphalie peut être reconnue à l'échographie cranienne et les crises comitiales peuvent répondre au traitement par benzodiazépines.ZUSAMMENFASSUNGHemimegalenzephalie—Diagnose und BehandlungDrei Jungen mit Hemimegalenzephalie werden vorgestellt. Zwei hatten neonatale Krampfanfälle und der dritte bekam mit sieben Monaten Krämpfe. In allen Fällen war das EEG schwer verändert, mit Spike und Wave Aktivität. Alle drei hatten eine signifikante Entwicklungsverzögerung und andere Merkmale: Zwei hatten eine Makrozephalie, einer eine kontralaterale Hemiparese und ein Junge hatte eine ipsilaterale faziale Hemihypertrophie und einen linearen Naevus. Hemimegalenzephalie kann bei der cranialen Ultraschalluntersuchung erkannt werden und die Krampfanfälle können auf eine Therapie mit Benzodiazepin ansprechen.RESUMENHeminiegaencefalia—diagnóstico y tratamientoSe aportan tres muchachos con hemimegaencefalia. Dos tuvieron convulsionnes neonatales y el tercero tuvo convulsiones a los siete meses. En cada caso el EEG era muy anómalo, con actividad de punta‐onda. Los tres tenian un retraso significativo de desarrollo y mostraban otras manifestaciones de la anomalía: macrocefalia en dos casos, hemiparesia contralateral en uno y una hemihipertrofia facial ipsilateral en uno, con nevus linear. L, a hemimegaencefalia puede ser reconocida con la ultrasonografia craneana y las convulsiones pueden responder a la terapia con benzodiazepina.
Control of Drooling with Transdermal Scopolamine in a Child with Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Siegel Lawrence K. , Klingbeil Mark A. 
Published: July 2010

SUMMARYTransdermal scopolamine patches (1‐5mg) were used to control drooling in a two‐year‐old boy with severe spastic quadriparetic cerebral palsy and developmental delay. He responded well to the continuous scopolamine therapy, with a decrease in drooling, and a secondary decrease in respiratory distress and frequency of suctioning. No significant side‐effects were noted.RÉSUMÉContrôle du bavage par scopolamine transdermique chez un enfant I. M. C.Des timbres de scopolamine transdermique (1‐5mg) ont été utilisés pour contrôler le bavage chez un garçon blanc de deux ans présentant une forme grave d'I. M. C. de type quadriplégique spastique, avec retard de développement. La résponse au traitement continu de scopolamine fut bonne, avec une diminution du bavage, une diminution secondaire de la détresse respiratoire et de la fréquence des activités de succion. Aucun effet secondaire significatif n'a été noté.ZUSAMMENFASSUNGBehandlung des Speichelflusses mit transdermal appliziertem Scopolamin bei einem Kind mit CerebralpareseBei einem zweijährigen weißen Jungen mit schwerer spastischer Tetraplegie und Entwicklungsverzögerung wurden Scopolaminpflaster (1‐5mg) zur Behandlung des Speichelflusses angewendet. Er sprach auf die kontinuierliche Scopolamin Therapie gut an, mit Verminderung des Speichelflusses, und einer daraus resultierenden Verminderung der respiratorischen Probleme und der Aspirationshäufigkeit. Es wurden keine signifikanten Nebenwirkungen beobachtet.RESUMENControl del babeo con escopolamina transdérmica en un niño con parálisis cerebralSe usaron parches transdérmicos de escopolamina (1,5mg) para controlar el babeo en un varón, blanco, de dos años de edad, con una grave tetraplejia por parálisis cerebral y retraso en el desarrollo. Respondió bien a la terapia continua con escopolamina, con disminución del babeo, y una disminución secundaria en el distress respiratorio y la frecuencia de las succiones. No se advirtió ningún efecto secundario.
A NEW SYSTEM FOR COTSIDE DISPLAY AND ANALYSIS OF THE PRETERM NEONATAL ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM
Authors: Wertheim D. F. P. , Eaton D. G. Murdoch , Oozeer R. C. , Connell J. A. , Dubowitz L. M. S. , Dubowitz V. , Willetts R. , Wootton R. 
Published: July 2010

SUMMARYContinuous EEG monitoring is considered to be a sensitive indicator of changes in cerebral function. This paper describes a system for cotside display and analysis of EEG discontinuity and amplitude in one‐minute epochs, with provision for simultaneous recording of the EEG. It has been successfully used to monitor continuously the EEGs of more than 30 babies in a neonatal intensive care unit for periods of up to nine days. This system rapidly provides indications of changes in cerebral function, which can allow early intervention and possible prevention of morbidity.RÉSUMÉUn niveau système pour exposition et analyse des EEG néonataux de prématurés, au lit du maladeLe contrôle EEG continu parait un indicateur sensible des modifications du fonctionnement cérébral. L'article décrit un procédé d'exposition et d'analyse des discontinuités et amplitudes EEG durant des périodes d'une minute, avec possibilité d'enregistrement d'EEG simultanés. Le procédé a été utilisé avec succès pour le contrôle en continu des EEG de plus de 30 nouveaux‐nés dans une unité de soins intensifs néo‐nataux pendant des périodes pouvant dépasser neuf jours. Ce procédé fournit rapidement des indications des modifications dans le fonctionnement cérébral, permettant une intervention précoce et favorisant une prévention de morbidité.ZUSAMMENFASSUNGEin neues System zur Darstellung und Analyse des Frühgeborenen EEGs am KrankenbettDie kontinuierliche EEG Uberwachung wird als sensibler Indikator für Veränderungen der Hirnfunktion angesehen. Diese Arbeit beschreibt ein neues System zur Darstellung und Analyse von EEG Teilstücken und EEG Amplitude in Zeitabschnitten von einer Minute am Krankenbett mit einer Vorrichtung zur simultanen Aufzeichnung des EEGs. Es wurde erfolgreich auf einer Neugeborenenintensivpflegestation zur kontinuierlichen Überwachung von mehr als 30 Babies bis zu neun Tagen eingesetzt. Dieses System zeigt sofort Anzeichen für Veränderungen der Hirnfunktion auf, was ein frühzeitiges Eingreifen und eine Prävention der Morbidität ermöglicht.RESUMENUn nuevo sistema se representación ‘cotside’ y de anátisis del EEG del neonato pretérminoLa monitorización continua del EEG es considerada un indicador sensible de los cambios de las funciones cerebrales. Esta publicación describe un sistema de representación ‘cotside’ y análisis de la discontinuidad y amplitud en el EEG en periodos de un minuto, juntamente con el registro continuo del EEG. Se ha utilizado con exito para monitorizar de forma continua los EEG de más de 30 niños en una UVI neonatal, en periodos de hasta nueve dias. Este método proporciona indicaciones rápidas de cambios en la función cerebral, lo que puede permitir una intervención precoz y una posible prevención de la morbilidad.
Clinical and Chromosome Studies of Three Patients with Smith‐Magenis Syndrome
Authors: Andel J. F. de Rijk‐van , Catsman‐Berrevoets C. E. , Hemel J. O. , Hamers A. J. H. 
Published: July 2010

SUMMARYThe authors report three patients with Smith‐Magenis syndrome; only 21 patients with this syndrome have been described previously in the literature. The syndrome is related to a deletion of chromosome 17p11·2, and differs from Miller‐Dieker syndrome on clinical criteria and in that the latter is related to a deletion of 17p13·3.RÉSUMÉEtude clinique et chromosomique dans trois cas de syndrome de Smith‐MagenisLes auteurs rapportent trois cas de syndrome de Smith‐Magenis. Seulement 21 cas de ce syndrome ont été antérieutement décrits dans la littérature. Le syndrome est reliéà une délétion chromosomique 17p11·2, et differe selon des criteres cliniques du syndrome de Miller‐Dieker, reliéà la délètion chromosomique 17p13·3.ZUSAMMENFASSUNGKlinische Untersuchungen und Chromosomenuntersuchungen bei drei Patienten mit einem Smith‐Magenis SyndromDie Autoren berichten über drei Patienten mit einem Smith‐Magenis Syndrom; bisher sind nur 21 Patienten mit diesem Syndrom in der Literatur beschrieben worden. Das Syndrom beruht auf einer Deletion des Chromosoms 17p11·2 und unterscheidet sich vom Miller‐Dieker Syndrom durch klinische Kriterien und dadurch, daß das letztere auf einer Deletion 17p13·3 beruht.RESUMENEstudios clinicos y cromosómicos en tres pacientes con sindrome de Smith‐Magenis
Congenital Horner Syndrome Associated with Non‐cervical Neuroblastoma
Authors: Gibbs J. , Appleton R. E. , Martin J. , Findlay G. 
Published: July 2010

SUMMARYHorner syndrome may be caused by a neuroblastoma involving the cervical sympathetic nervous system. A two‐year‐old girl presented with Horner syndrome and a discrete, distant neuroblastoma, suggesting that these two conditions represent a more widespread dysgenesis of the sympathetic nervous system.RÉSUMÉSyndrome de Horner congénital associé a un neuroblastome non cervicalLe syndrome de Horner (Claude Bernard, Horner) peut être provoqué par un neuroblastome frappant le système nerveux sympathique cervical. Une fillette de deux ans présentait un syndrome de Horner et un neuroblastome discret et distant, suggérant que les deux conditions peuvent traduire une dysgénésie plus étendue du système nerveux sympathique.ZUSAMMENFASSUNGKongenitales Horner Syndrom in Verbindung mit einem nicht‐cervicalen NeuroblastomDas Horner Syndrom icann durch ein Neuroblastom im Bereich des cervicalen sympathischen Nervensystems hervorgerufen werden. Ein zwei‐jähriges Mädchen hatte ein Horner Syndrom und ein einzelnes, entfernt lokalisiertes Neuroblastom, sodañ angenommen wird, daß es sich dabei um eine weiter ausgedehnte Entwicklungsstörung des sympathischen Nervensystems handelt.RESUMENSíndrome de Horner congénito asociado con neuroblastoma no cervicalEl síndrome de Horner puede ser causado por un neuroblastoma que afecte el sistema nervioso simpático cervical. Una niña de dos años de edad presentó un síndrome de Horner y un neuroblastoma distante y discrete, lo que sugeria que ambas anomalias representaban una disgenesia más extendida del sistema nervioso simpático.
The Fragile X Syndrome
Authors: Goldson Edward , Hagerman Randi J. 
Published: July 2010

SUMMARYWe have begun to appreciate that the extent of this disorder is much wider than merely mental retardation. It is also a common cause of learning and emotional problems in mildly affected female carriers with normal IQS. These children present an enormous challenge to all child‐care providers, be they in medicine, education, or in various therapy disciplines. Early identification is essential, and the key to effective management is an innovative and multidisciplinary approach. As disciplines become more familiar with and knowledgeable about this frequently occurring form of mental retardation or cause of learning disabilities, they should become more adept at early identification and early referral for support and intervention.
CEO Turnover and Retention Light: Retaining Former CEOs on the Board
Authors: EVANS JOHN HARRY , NAGARAJAN NANDU J. , SCHLOETZER JASON D. 
Published: July 2010

ABSTRACTPrior CEO turnover literature characterizes the board's decision as a choice between retaining versus replacing the CEO. We focus instead on the CEO's decision rights and introduce a third option in which the incumbent CEO is removed but retained on the board for an extended period, which we call Retention Light. Firms may benefit from Retention Light because former CEOs possess unique monitoring and advising abilities, but the former CEO could also exploit available decision rights for personal benefit. A Retention Light CEO's decision rights generally exceed those of CEOs who exit the firm entirely but fall short of the rights of a retained CEO. We find that when prior firm performance is better, the former CEO is more likely to be retained on the board (Retention Light) than to exit the firm. However, this relation is weaker when the CEO reaches normal retirement age at which time CEO power becomes more important. We also provide evidence on how the nature of the CEO's bargaining power varies with his personal attributes and board characteristics in its influence on the Retention Light decision. Retention Light firms are more likely than CEO‐exit firms to select a successor CEO with relatively weaker bargaining power. Finally, Retention Light involving a nonfounder CEO is negatively associated with the firm's postturnover financial performance. Overall, Retention Light is a distinct CEO turnover option that has important consequences for board decisions and firm performance.
Sell‐Side School Ties
Authors: COHEN LAUREN , FRAZZINI ANDREA , MALLOY CHRISTOPHER 
Published: July 2010

ABSTRACTWe study the impact of social networks on agents’ ability to gather superior information about firms. Exploiting novel data on the educational background of sell‐side analysts and senior corporate officers, we find that analysts outperform by up to 6.60% per year on their stock recommendations when they have an educational link to the company. Pre‐Reg FD, this school‐tie return premium is 9.36% per year, while post‐Reg FD it is nearly zero. In contrast, in an environment that did not change selective disclosure regulation (the U.K.), the school‐tie premium is large and significant over the entire sample period.
Implantation of a Carotid Baroreceptor Stimulator in Patients with Pacemakers and Hypertension
Authors: KARUNARATNE HARISCHANDRA , MULUK SATISH , PAPADEMETRIOU VASILIOS , PARK W. MICHAEL , SAMPLE ROSS , IRWIN ERIC 
Published: July 2010

Background: The Rheos® System (CVRx, Minneapolis, MN, USA) is an implantable device used to lower blood pressure in patients with resistant hypertension by stimulation of the carotid baroreceptors. It is unknown if interaction might exist between Rheos and conventional pacemakers.
Methods: Compatibility of the Rheos device was tested in four patients with preexisting pacemakers. Intra‐ and postoperative testing was completed with pacemaker and Rheos settings programmed to provoke interaction. Intracardiac electrograms were printed to determine interaction with the pacemaker.
Results: No interaction was observed at maximum atrial and ventricular sensitivity settings and maximum bilateral Rheos output settings.
Conclusion: Concomitant device therapy with Rheos device and pacemakers can be achieved without interaction. (PACE 2011; 34:354–356)
Directly auto‐transplanted mesenchymal stem cells induce bone formation in a ceramic bone substitute in an ectopic sheep model
Authors: Boos Anja M. , Loew Johanna S. , Deschler Gloria , Arkudas Andreas , Bleiziffer Oliver , Gulle Heinz , Dragu Adrian , Kneser Ulrich , Horch Raymund E. , Beier Justus P. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBone tissue engineering approaches increasingly focus on the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). In most animal transplantation models MSC are isolated and expanded before auto cell transplantation which might be critical for clinical application in the future. Hence this study compares the potential of directly auto‐transplanted versus in vitro expanded MSC with or without bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (BMP‐2) to induce bone formation in a large volume ceramic bone substitute in the sheep model. MSC were isolated from bone marrow aspirates and directly auto‐transplanted or expanded in vitro and characterized using fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) and RT‐PCR analysis before subcutaneous implantation in combination with BMP‐2 and β‐tricalcium phosphate/hydroxyapatite (β‐TCP/HA) granules. Constructs were explanted after 1 to 12 weeks followed by histological and RT‐PCR evaluation. Sheep MSC were CD29+, CD44+ and CD166+ after selection by Ficoll gradient centrifugation, while directly auto‐transplanted MSC‐populations expressed CD29 and CD166 at lower levels. Both, directly auto‐transplanted and expanded MSC, were constantly proliferating and had a decreasing apoptosis over time in vivo. Directly auto‐transplanted MSC led to de novo bone formation in a heterotopic sheep model using a β‐TCP/HA matrix comparable to the application of 60 μg/ml BMP‐2 only or implantation of expanded MSC. Bone matrix proteins were up‐regulated in constructs following direct auto‐transplantation and in expanded MSC as well as in BMP‐2 constructs. Up‐regulation was detected using immunohistology methods and RT‐PCR. Dense vascularization was demonstrated by CD31 immunohistology staining in all three groups. Ectopic bone could be generated using directly auto‐transplanted or expanded MSC with β‐TCP/HA granules alone. Hence BMP‐2 stimulation might become dispensable in the future, thus providing an attractive, clinically feasible approach to bone tissue engineering.
Discriminant validity of the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) and comparability with World Health Organization criteria in a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Mendes Fausto Medeiros , Braga Mariana Minatel , Oliveira Luciana Butini , Antunes José Leopoldo Ferreira , Ardenghi Thiago Machado , Bönecker Marcelo 
Published: July 2010

Mendes FM, Braga MM, Oliveira LB, Antunes JLF, Ardenghi TM, Bönecker M. Discriminant validity of the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) and comparability with World Health Organization criteria in a cross‐sectional study. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2010; 38: 398–407. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/SAbstract –  Objectives:  The aim of this cross‐sectional study in preschool children was to assess the ability of International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) in discriminating socioeconomic factors associated with the presence of caries lesions at both noncavitated and cavitated thresholds and to compare with the standard World Health Organization (WHO) criteria.Methods:  The study was carried out in Amparo, Brazil, during the National Day of Children’s Vaccination including 252 children aged 36–59 months. The same child was independently examined by two calibrated examiners, one using the ICDAS and the other using WHO criteria. Socioeconomic information was also recorded. Associations between socioeconomic factors and presence of caries assessed as binary (caries prevalence) and count outcome (actual dmfs values) obtained by WHO criteria and by ICDAS at noncavitated and cavitated thresholds were evaluated by Poisson regression analysis with robust variance.Results:  Some covariates were significantly associated with the presence of caries evaluated by the WHO criteria and by ICDAS (using score 3 as cut‐off point). When noncavitated scores of ICDAS were used to calculate the presence of caries, the discriminant power decreased. When dmfs values were used as outcome, no differences in the associations were observed between two systems or using noncavitated caries lesions.Conclusion:  Cavitated scores of ICDAS present similar discriminant validity compared with WHO criteria when presence of caries is used as outcome; however, when actual dmfs values are used, no differences are observed in using noncavitated or cavitated caries lesions.
Risso's dolphins alter daily resting pattern in response to whale watching at the Azores
Authors: Visser Fleur , Hartman Karin L. , Rood Ente J. J. , Hendriks Arthur J. E. , Zult Daan B. , Wolff Wim J. , Huisman Jef , Pierce Graham J. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBehavioral responses of Risso's dolphins (Grampus griseus) to whale watching vessels were studied off Pico Island, Azores. Dolphin behavior was studied from a land‐based lookout, enabling observations of groups in the absence and presence of vessels. The number of whale watching vessels showed a clear seasonal pattern, dividing the whale watching period into a low season and a high season. During the low season, Risso's dolphins rested mainly in the morning and afternoon. During the high season, Risso's dolphins rested less and did so mainly at noon, when the number of active vessels was lowest. Data analysis using a generalized additive mixed model indicated that this change in resting behavior was associated with vessel abundance. When more than five vessels were present, Risso's dolphins spent significantly less time resting and socializing. During the high season, this vessel abundance was exceeded during 20% of observation days. While we cannot be sure that the observed changes in behavior have fitness consequences for Risso's dolphins, reduced resting and socializing rates can have negative impacts on the build‐up of energy reserves and on reproductive success. We suggest the adoption of precautionary management measures to regulate the timing and intensity of whale watching activities.
Localization, Growth, and Inactivation of Salmonella Saintpaul on Jalapeño Peppers
Authors: Liao C.‐H. , Cooke P.H. , Niemira B.A. 
Published: July 2010

Abstract:  Consumption of Salmonella‐contaminated jalapeño peppers has been implicated in one of the largest foodborne illness outbreaks in the summer of 2008. The objective of this study was to investigate representative groups of native microflora and the distribution, growth, and inactivation of experimentally‐inoculated Salmonella Saintpaul on jalapeño peppers. Two genetically modified strains of Salm. Saintpaul producing either green‐ or red‐fluorescent protein were constructed and used in the study. Microbiological analyses showed that jalapeño peppers contained an average of 5.6 log units of total aerobic count and 3.5, 1.8, and 1.9 log units, respectively, of enterobacteriaceae, lactic acid bacteria, and yeast/mold per gram of tissue. Strains typical of Pseudomonas accounted for 8.3% of total aerobic count, and 0.2% of which exhibited pectolytic activity. On inoculated peppers, a vast majority (>90%) of Salm. Saintpaul was recovered from stem/calyx and only a small proportion recovered from fleshy pods. Growth of Salm. Saintpaul on peppers was indicated by an increase in the population of 3 log units after incubation of samples at 20 °C for 48 h. Fluorescent Salm. Saintpaul aggregates could be readily detected on stem/calyx using stereofluorescence imaging microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Data presented showed that Salm. Saintpaul could survive for at least 8 wk on peppers stored at 4 °C. Immersion of inoculated peppers in 200 ppm of sodium hypochlorite, acidified sodium chlorite, or peroxy acetic acid for 10 min could reduce the number of Salm. Saintpaul on stem/calyx by 1.5 to 1.7 and that on flesh by 2.1 to 2.4 log units.Practical Application:  Consumption of Salmonella‐contaminated jalapeño peppers has been implicated in foodborne illness outbreaks. The vast majority of Salmonella Saintpaul recovered from inoculated jalapeño peppers (>90%) was from stem/calyx. Salmonella increased by 3 log units during storage at 68 °F (20 °C) for 48 h. Salmonella could survive for at least 8 wk on peppers stored at 4 °C. Immersion of inoculated peppers in 200 ppm of sodium hypochlorite, acidified sodium chlorite, or peroxyacetic acid for 10 min reduced Salmonella on stem/calyx by 1.5 to 1.7 log units, compared with reductions of 2.1 to 2.4 log units on flesh. These results highlight the need to consider the stem/calyx as the most likely area for contamination of jalapeño peppers, and to process this commodity accordingly to minimize exposure and cross‐contaminations.