bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS KEKUATAN PENGARUH MODEL BRACING TERHADAP PONDASI KATROL LADDER PADA KAPAL ISAP PRODUKSI (KIP)
Authors: Yono Hariyono , Mubarak Azhar Aras 
Published: May 2024

With the use of the bracing model that was built during the building of the ladder-pulley foundation, this research intends to analyze the strength of the ladder-pulley foundation on the Kapal Isap Produksi (KIP). Finite element analysis (FEA) and modeling with the Ansys software were used in the investigation. The 58 m length of the actual ladder is considered when creating the model. Then, create each model of a diagonal brace and an x-bracing specifically for the pulley foundation. After that, a special diagonal brace and an x-bracing model were developed, respectively, for the pulley foundation's building. The load acting on the ladder for the two versions is the same: 1.42 x 105 N for the pipe and mud, 0.57 x 105 N for the cutter, and 0.67 x 108 Nmm for the cutter torque. According to the analysis's findings, the diagonal brace model's strut component experiences the highest level of stress, measuring 57.32 N/mm2, whereas the x-bracing model's greatest stress value is 25.44 N/mm2. These findings suggest that, to reduce structural failure in the ladder pulley area, it is preferable to use x-bracing construction for the brace design put there. This is because it has a lower minimum stress value than the diagonal brace model.
Keywords: Bracing, Ladder, KIP, FEA.
A panel based on three-miRNAs as diagnostic biomarker for prostate cancer
Authors: Chen Siwei , Lu Chong , Lin Shengjie , Sun Chen , Wen Zhenyu , Ge Zhenjian , Chen Wenkang , Li Yingqi , Zhang Pengwu , Wu Yutong , Wang Wuping , Zhou Huimei , Li Xutai , Lai Yongqing , Li Hang 
Published: May 2024

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most prevalent malignancies affecting the male life cycle. The incidence and mortality of prostate cancer are also increasing every year. Detection of MicroRNA expression in serum to diagnose prostate cancer and determine prognosis is a very promising non-invasive modality.Materials and method: A total of 224 study participants were included in our study, including 112 prostate cancer patients and 112 healthy adults. The experiment consisted of three main phases, namely, the screening phase, the testing phase, and the validation phase. The expression levels of serum miRNAs in patients and healthy adults were detected using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and the area under the curve (AUC) were used to evaluate the diagnostic ability, specificity, and sensitivity of the candidate miRNAs.Result: Eventually, three miRNAs most relevant to prostate cancer diagnosis were selected, namely, miR-106b-5p, miR-129-1-3p and miR-381-3p. We used these three miRNAs to construct a diagnostic panel with very high diagnostic potential for prostate cancer, which had an AUC of 0.912 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.858 to 0.950; p &lt; 0.001; sensitivity = 91.67%; specificity = 79.76%]. In addition, the three target genes (DTNA, GJB1, and TRPC4) we searched for are also expected to be used for prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment in the future.
The microbiota-gut-brain-immune interface in the pathogenesis of neuroinflammatory diseases: a narrative review of the emerging literature
Authors: Warren Alison , Nyavor Yvonne , Zarabian Nikkia , Mahoney Aidan , Frame Leigh A. 
Published: May 2024

ImportanceResearch is beginning to elucidate the sophisticated mechanisms underlying the microbiota-gut-brain-immune interface, moving from primarily animal models to human studies. Findings support the dynamic relationships between the gut microbiota as an ecosystem (microbiome) within an ecosystem (host) and its intersection with the host immune and nervous systems. Adding this to the effects on epigenetic regulation of gene expression further complicates and strengthens the response. At the heart is inflammation, which manifests in a variety of pathologies including neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and Multiple Sclerosis (MS).ObservationsGenerally, the research to date is limited and has focused on bacteria, likely due to the simplicity and cost-effectiveness of 16s rRNA sequencing, despite its lower resolution and inability to determine functional ability/alterations. However, this omits all other microbiota including fungi, viruses, and phages, which are emerging as key members of the human microbiome. Much of the research has been done in pre-clinical models and/or in small human studies in more developed parts of the world. The relationships observed are promising but cannot be considered reliable or generalizable at this time. Specifically, causal relationships cannot be determined currently. More research has been done in Alzheimer’s disease, followed by Parkinson’s disease, and then little in MS. The data for MS is encouraging despite this.Conclusions and relevanceWhile the research is still nascent, the microbiota-gut-brain-immune interface may be a missing link, which has hampered our progress on understanding, let alone preventing, managing, or putting into remission neurodegenerative diseases. Relationships must first be established in humans, as animal models have been shown to poorly translate to complex human physiology and environments, especially when investigating the human gut microbiome and its relationships where animal models are often overly simplistic. Only then can robust research be conducted in humans and using mechanistic model systems.
Dynamic changes in immune cell populations by AXL kinase targeting diminish liver inflammation and fibrosis in experimental MASH
Authors: Grøndal Sturla Magnus , Tutusaus Anna , Boix Loreto , Reig Maria , Blø Magnus , Hodneland Linn , Gausdal Gro , Jackson Akil , Garcia de Frutos Pablo , Lorens James Bradley , Morales Albert , Marí Montserrat 
Published: May 2024

Background and aimsMetabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is a significant health concern with limited treatment options. AXL, a receptor tyrosine kinase activated by the GAS6 ligand, promotes MASH through activation of hepatic stellate cells and inflammatory macrophages. This study identified cell subsets affected by MASH progression and the effect of AXL inhibition.MethodsMice were fed chow or different fat-enriched diets to induce MASH, and small molecule AXL kinase inhibition with bemcentinib was evaluated. Gene expression was measured by qPCR. Time-of-flight mass cytometry (CyTOF) used single cells from dissociated livers, acquired on the Fluidigm Helios, and cell populations were studied using machine learning.ResultsIn mice fed different fat-enriched diets, liver steatosis alone was insufficient to elevate plasma soluble AXL (sAXL) levels. However, in conjunction with inflammation, sAXL increases, serving as an early indicator of steatohepatitis progression. Bemcentinib, an AXL inhibitor, effectively reduced proinflammatory responses in MASH models, even before fibrosis appearance. Utilizing CyTOF analysis, we detected a decreased population of Kupffer cells during MASH while promoting infiltration of monocytes/macrophages and CD8+ T cells. Bemcentinib partially restored Kupffer cells, reduced pDCs and GzmB− NK cells, and increased GzmB+CD8+ T cells and LSECs. Additionally, AXL inhibition enhanced a subtype of GzmB+CD8+ tissue-resident memory T cells characterized by CX3CR1 expression. Furthermore, bemcentinib altered the transcriptomic landscape associated with MASH progression, particularly in TLR signaling and inflammatory response, exhibiting differential cytokine expression in the plasma, consistent with liver repair and decreased inflammation.ConclusionOur findings highlight sAXL as a biomarker for monitoring MASH progression and demonstrate that AXL targeting shifted liver macrophages and CD8+ T-cell subsets away from an inflammatory phenotype toward fibrotic resolution and organ healing, presenting a promising strategy for MASH treatment.
Mixed stock analysis identifies natal origins of green turtles at foraging grounds in southeastern Australia
Authors: Day Joanna , Hall Jane , Rose Karrie , Vinette Herrin Kimberly , March Duane , Pitt Olly , FitzSimmons Nancy N. , Hall Libby , Marshall Kieran , Iredell Sigrid , Meagher Phoebe 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionIdentifying critical habitats for marine turtles and connectivity between genetic stocks and the foraging grounds they use is a conservation priority worldwide. Green turtles (Chelonia mydas) are impacted by a wide range of anthropogenic threats that can vary by geographic region and the ontogenetic stage of the individual. In Australia, the strengthening of the East Australian Current due to climate change is increasing ocean temperatures, particularly in southern New South Wales (NSW), which is having large-scale impacts on the distribution and abundance of marine resources. Green turtles are frequently observed in temperate southern NSW waters, but our knowledge of their habitat use, migration patterns and the impact of threatening processes is limited.MethodsTo assess the origins of green turtles from foraging grounds in southeastern Australia, samples were obtained from green turtles of all size classes (post-hatchlings to adults) that had stranded along an ~870 km expanse of the NSW coast and Lord Howe Island between 1997 and 2021. Mitochondrial DNA control region sequences for 283 individuals were compared to 25 potential source genetic stocks in the Indo-Pacific using mixed-stock analysis.ResultsA total of 26 haplotypes were identified in NSW, of which 14 had been previously observed at a rookery, eight had been identified previously, but not at a rookery (i.e. orphan haplotypes), and four were previously undescribed. Mixed-stock analysis revealed that NSW waters support multiple genetic stocks but are dominated by those of the southern Great Barrier Reef and New Caledonia genetic stocks. A small proportion of green turtles originated from more distant stocks in the Indo-Pacific region.DiscussionUnderstanding the connectivity between green turtle rookeries and foraging grounds provides an opportunity to assess the impact of anthropogenic threats to turtle stocks, and in turn, prioritize management actions for the conservation of green turtles across regional, national and international jurisdictions.
Real-world evidence of survival benefit of remdesivir: study of 419 propensity score-matched patients hospitalized over the alpha and delta waves of COVID-19 in New Orleans, LA
Authors: Salvadori Nicolas , Fridman Moshe , Chiang Mel , Chen Linda , Wang ChenYu , Lee EunYoung , Fonseca Vivian , Fusco Dahlene N. , Jourdain Gonzague , Drouin Arnaud C. 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundThe direct acting antiviral remdesivir (RDV) has shown promising results in randomized clinical trials. This study is a unique report of real clinical practice RDV administration for COVID-19 from alpha through delta variant circulation in New Orleans, Louisiana (NOLA). Patients in NOLA have among US worst pre-COVID health outcomes, and the region was an early epicenter for severe COVID.MethodsData were directly extracted from electronic medical records through REACHnet. Of 9,106 adults with COVID, 1,928 were admitted to inpatient care within 7 days of diagnosis. The propensity score is based upon 22 selected covariates, related to both RDV assignment and outcome of interest. RDV and non-RDV patients were matched 1:1 with replacement, by location and calendar period of admission. Primary and secondary endpoints were, death from any cause and inpatient discharge, within 28 and 14 days after inpatient admission.ResultsOf 448 patients treated with RDV, 419 (94%) were successfully matched to a non-RDV patient. 145 (35%) patients received RDV for &lt; 5 days, 235 (56%) for 5 days, and 39 (9%) for &gt; 5 days. 96% of those on RDV received it within 2 days of admission. RDV was more frequently prescribed in patients with pneumonia (standardized difference: 0.75), respiratory failure, hypoxemia, or dependence on supplemental oxygen (0.69), and obesity (0.35) within 5 days prior to RDV initiation or corresponding day in non-RDV patients (index day). RDV patients were numerically more likely to be on steroids within 5 days prior to index day (86 vs. 82%) and within 7 days after inpatient admission (96 vs. 87%). RDV was significantly associated with lower risk of death within 14 days after admission (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.37, 95% CI: 0.19 to 0.69, p = 0.002) but not within 28 days (HR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.36 to 1.07, p = 0.08). Discharge within 14 days of admission was significantly more likely for RDV patients (p &lt; 0.001) and numerically more likely within 28 days after admission (p = 0.06).ConclusionOverall, our findings support recommendation of RDV administration for COVID-19 in a highly comorbid, highly impoverished population representative of both Black and White subjects in the US Gulf South.
PCSK9 inhibitor in acute ischemic stroke patient receiving mechanical thrombectomy: early outcomes and safety
Authors: Kim Jonguk , Hong Uichan , Yoon Cindy W. , Bae Jin Woo , Rha Joung-Ho , Park Hee-Kwon 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundLipid-lowering therapies are mainstays in reducing recurrence after acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Evolocumab, a Proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitor, is a promising lipid-lowering agent known to decrease LDL cholesterol and mitigate vascular events alongside statins. However, its effects on the early functional outcomes post-mechanical thrombectomy (MT) remain unclear. This study aimed to assess the short-term effects and incidence of bleeding events after the early, off-label use of PCSK9 inhibitors in AIS patients undergoing MT.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed patients who had MT at a Regional Stroke Center from December 2018 to April 2023. Our primary outcome was discharge functional outcomes. Secondary outcomes included early neurologic deterioration (END), symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH), 3-month functional outcomes, 3-month recurrence rate, and lipid profiles.ResultsOf 261 patients (mean age 69.2 ± 11.7, men 42.9%), 42 were administered evolocumab peri-procedurally. While baseline characteristics were similar between the two groups, evolocumab group demonstrated improved discharge outcomes, with a lower mean NIHSS (8.8 ± 6.8 vs. 12.4 ± 9.8, p = 0.02) and a higher percentage of patients with discharge mRS ≤ 3 (52.4% vs. 35.6%, p = 0.041). The 3-month follow-up show a non-significant trend toward an improved outcome in the evolocumab group. Multivariable analysis indicated that evolocumab had a potential impact on favorable discharge outcomes (aOR 1.98[0.94–4.22] for mRS ≤ 3 and 0.47[0.27–0.84] for lower ordinal mRS). Notably, evolocuamb users exhibited fewer instances of END and sICH, although they do not reach statistical significance. Additionally, the evolocumab group demonstrated potential benefits in LDL cholesterol reduction over time.ConclusionEarly use of evolocumab in AIS patients undergoing MT appeared to be safe and associated with better early functional outcomes. The potential benefit of the PCSK9 inhibitor shown here warrants further prospective studies.
Analysis of tumor microenvironment composition in vestibular schwannomas: insights into NF2-associated and sporadic variations and their clinical correlations
Authors: Nickl Vera , Ziebolz David , Rumpel Charlotte , Klein Dennis , Nickl Robert , Rampeltshammer Eva , Monoranu Camelia M. , Ernestus Ralf-Ingo , Matthies Cordula , Löhr Mario , Hagemann Carsten , Breun Maria 
Published: May 2024

ObjectiveVestibular schwannomas (VS), benign tumors stemming from the eighth cranial nerve’s Schwann cells, are associated with Merlin gene mutations, inflammation, and the tumor microenvironment (TME), influencing tumor initiation, maintenance, and potential neural dysfunction. Understanding TME composition holds promise for systemic therapeutic interventions, particularly for NF2-related schwannomatosis.MethodologyA retrospective analysis of paraffin-embedded tissue from 40 patients (2013-2020), evenly divided by neurofibromatosis type 2 status, with further stratification based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) progression and hearing function. Immunohistochemistry assessed TME components, including T-cell markers (CD4, CD8, CD25), NK cells (CD7), and macrophages (CD14, CD68, CD163, CCR2). Fiji software facilitated image analysis.ResultsT-cell markers (CD4, CD8, CD7) exhibited low expression in VS, with no significant NF2-associated vs. sporadic distinctions. Macrophage-related markers (CD14, CD68, CD163, CCR2) showed significantly higher expression (CD14: p = 0.0187, CD68: p &lt; 0.0001, CD163: p = 0.0006, CCR2: p &lt; 0.0001). CCR2 and CD163 significantly differed between NF2-associated and sporadic VS. iNOS, an M1-macrophage marker, was downregulated. CD25, a regulatory T-cell marker, correlated significantly with tumor growth dynamics (p = 0.016).DiscussionImmune cells, notably monocytes and macrophages, crucially contribute to VS pathogenesis in both NF2-associated and sporadic cases. Significant differences in CCR2 and CD163 expression suggest distinct immune responses. Regulatory T-cells may serve as growth dynamic markers. These findings highlight immune cells as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for managing VS.
Psychological experiences and needs of tumor patients with implanted intravenous infusion ports: a qualitative study
Authors: Zhu Lan , Li Kun , He Qiu , Liu Lin 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundThere are many problems of psychological burden in patients with tumor implanted in port of intravenous infusion. However, more attention is paid to its complications in the literature, and psychological problems are seldom concerned. The purpose of this study was to explore the psychological state and needs of tumor patients after implantation of an intravenous infusion port and provide valuable references for psychological interventions.MethodA semi-structured interview was conducted with 11 patients with intravenous infusion ports. Colaizzi’s 7-step analysis was used to analyze the interview data.ResultsAccording to the primary information, four themes and nine sub-themes were extracted: (1) lack of self-worth, (2) multiple emotional experiences (guilt, doubt, worry, and gain). (3) Poor self-management and self-maintenance awareness (over-reliance on medical staff, unchanged family roles, lack of related knowledge). (4) Expectations and suggestions for the future (inner expectations, suggestions for infusion ports).ConclusionThe patient’s psychological state should be carefully monitored during tube implantation, to relieve the patient’s tension and anxiety and improve nursing satisfaction and patient outcomes.
A study on post-traumatic stress disorder and post-traumatic growth among patients infected with COVID-19 in Wuhan
Authors: Chen Jing-jing , Yu Bing , Yan Ling , Sun Xiao-xiao , Dai Qin 
Published: May 2024

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to assess the physical and psychological conditions of hospitalized patients who were infected with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and post-traumatic growth (PTG) scores and predictors.MethodsThe test group consisted of 102 hospitalized patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in Wuhan between March 4, 2020 and April 5, 2020, whereas the control group comprised 168 healthy study participants. Relevant information of the study participants was obtained using online questionnaires, covering five aspects—general information, physical state, emotional state, PTSD, and PTG.ResultsIn Wuhan, 37.3% of COVID-19-diagnosed hospitalized patients exhibited hyper-arousal symptoms of PTSD. This percentage is significantly higher than the 13.1% observed in the healthy population. Furthermore, the prevalence of PTG among the same group of hospitalized patients stood at 77.5%, surpassing the 66.1% rate found within the healthy population. It was determined that inconsistent sleep patterns during the hospitalization phase could be indicative of heightened vulnerability to hyperarousal symptoms of PTSD in COVID-19-diagnosed hospitalized patients. The study determined that inconsistent sleep patterns during hospitalization may be a predisposition factor that makes hospitalized patients diagnosed with covid-19 more susceptible to high arousal symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. Conversely, COVID-19-diagnosed hospitalized patients who maintained a tranquil demeanor and exhibited positive emotional perceptions during their hospitalization displayed reduced susceptibility to these PTSD symptoms. Factors such as possession of a bachelor’s degree, history of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) infection, and poor sleep patterns were identified as predictors elevating the risk of PTG. Whereas, a sentiment of happiness and consistent positive emotional perception during hospitalization were predictors of PTG. Intriguingly, a direct correlation was established between hyper-arousal symptoms of PTSD and PTG.ConclusionAlthough the outbreak of COVID-19 has badly affected the physical and psychological well-being of patients, it has greatly enhanced their PTG.
Translation and psychometric validation of the Chinese version of the metacognitive awareness scale among nursing students
Authors: Li Shasha , Xu Jun , Jia Xuejing , Zhao Yanjun , Liu Xiaojing , Wang Yuecong 
Published: May 2024

ObjectiveThis study endeavors to translate and psycho-metrically validate the metacognitive awareness inventory scale (MAS) for nursing students in China.MethodA total of 592 nursing students were enlisted from four universities situated in the eastern, southern, western, and northern regions of China. Content validity and reliability were evaluated using the content validity index and item-total correlation coefficient, and Cronbach’s alpha coefficients, respectively. Convergent validity examined the goodness of fit among sub-scales through the average extracted variance and composite reliability.ResultsExploratory factor analysis confirmed the first-order and second-order factor models, contributing to a cumulative variance of 89.4 and 59.5%, respectively. The Cronbach’s alpha values were 0.963 and 0.801, respectively. Confirmatory factor analysis outcomes indicated an excellent overall fit index for the model, satisfying the convergent validity criteria and achieving a target coefficient of 96.0%, which is consistent with the original scale structure.ConclusionThe Chinese version of the MAS (C-MAS) is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing metacognitive awareness among Chinese nursing students. Further research should consider a broader sample of nursing students across China to reinforce the scale’s applicability.