bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
OCT4B1, a novel spliced variant of OCT4, is highly expressed in gastric cancer and acts as an antiapoptotic factor
Authors: Asadi Malek H. , Mowla Seyed J. , Fathi Fardin , Aleyasin Ahmad , Asadzadeh Jamshid , Atlasi Yaser 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe octamer‐binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4) is involved in regulating pluripotency and self‐renewal maintenance of embryonic stem cells. Recently, misexpression of OCT4 has been also reported in some adult stem as well as cancer cells; a finding which is still controversial. In addition to the previously described spliced variants of the gene (e.g., OCT4A and OCT4B), we have recently identified a novel variant of the gene, designated as OCT4‐B1. In this study, we investigated a potential expression and function of OCT4B1 in a series of gastric cancer tissues and a gastric adenocarcinoma cell line, AGS. Using the Taqman real‐time PCR approach, we have detected the expression of OCT4B1 in tumors with no or much lower expression in marginal samples of the same patients (p < 0.002). We have also analyzed the effects of OCT4B1 knock‐down in AGS cell line treated with specific siRNA directed toward OCT4B1. Our data revealed that interfering with the expression of OCT4B1 caused profound changes in the morphology and cell cycle distribution of the cells. Furthermore, down‐regulation of OCT4B1 significantly elevated the relative activity of caspase‐3/caspase‐7 and the rate of apoptosis in the cells (more than 30%). All together, our findings suggest that OCT4B1 has a potential role in tumorigenesis of gastric cancer and candidates the variant as a new tumor marker with potential value in diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer.
Integrated genetic and epigenetic analysis of bladder cancer reveals an additive diagnostic value of FGFR3 mutations and hypermethylation events
Authors: Serizawa Reza R. , Ralfkiær Ulrik , Steven Kenneth , Lam Gitte W. , Schmiedel Sven , Schüz Joachim , Hansen Alastair B. , Horn Thomas , Guldberg Per 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe bladder cancer genome harbors numerous oncogenic mutations and aberrantly methylated gene promoters. The aim of our study was to generate a profile of these alterations and investigate their use as biomarkers in urine sediments for noninvasive detection of bladder cancer. We systematically screened FGFR3, PIK3CA, TP53, HRAS, NRAS and KRAS for mutations and quantitatively assessed the methylation status of APC, ARF, DBC1, INK4A, RARB, RASSF1A, SFRP1, SFRP2, SFRP4, SFRP5 and WIF1 in a prospective series of tumor biopsies (N = 105) and urine samples (N = 113) from 118 bladder tumor patients. We also analyzed urine samples from 33 patients with noncancerous urinary lesions. A total of 95 oncogenic mutations and 189 hypermethylation events were detected in the 105 tumor biopsies. The total panel of markers provided a sensitivity of 93%, whereas mutation and methylation markers alone provided sensitivities of 72% and 70%, respectively. In urine samples, the sensitivity was 70% for all markers, 50% for mutation markers and 52% for methylation markers. FGFR3 mutations occurred more frequently in tumors with no methylation events than in tumors with one or more methylation events (78% vs. 33%; p < 0.0001). FGFR3 mutation in combination with three methylation markers (APC, RASSF1A and SFRP2) provided a sensitivity of 90% in tumors and 62% in urine with 100% specificity. These results suggest an inverse correlation between FGFR3 mutations and hypermethylation events, which may be used to improve noninvasive, DNA‐based detection of bladder cancer.
Assessing the temporal variation of macroeconomic forecasts by a panel of changing composition
Authors: Engelberg Joseph , Manski Charles F. , Williams Jared 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThis paper calls attention to the problem of changing panel composition in surveys of forecasters and documents the problem in the Survey of Professional Forecasters. To study the temporal variation of forecasts, we recommend analysis of the time series of predictions made by individual forecasters. This makes transparent the heterogeneity of the panel and avoids improper inferences due to changing panel composition. In the absence of knowledge of the process determining panel composition, we warn against the traditional practice of aggregate time series analysis, which conflates changes in the expectations of individual forecasters with changes in the composition of the panel. Should analysis of aggregated predictions be thought desirable as a simplifying device, we recommend analyses of sub‐panels of fixed composition. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Crosstalk of osteoblast and osteoclast precursors on mineralized collagen—towards an in vitro model for bone remodeling
Authors: Bernhardt A. , Thieme S. , Domaschke H. , Springer A. , Rösen‐Wolff A. , Gelinsky M. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBone remodeling and, therefore, integration of implant materials require the coordinated regulation of osteoblast and osteoclast activity. This is why the in vitro evaluation of biomaterials for bone regeneration should involve not only the analysis of osteoblast differentiation but also the formation and differentiation of osteoclasts. In the present study, we applied a material made of mineralized collagen I that mimics extracellular bone matrix to establish a culture system, which allows the cocultivation of human monocytes and human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), which were differentiated into osteoclast‐like cells and osteoblasts, respectively. Both cell types were cultivated on membrane‐like structures from mineralized collagen. Transwell inserts were used to spatially separate the cell types but allowed exchange of soluble factors. The osteoclastogenesis and osteogenic differentiation were evaluated by analysis of gene expression, determination of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and tartrate‐resistant acidic phosphatase (TRAP) activity. Furthermore, cell morphology was studied using scanning electron and transmission electron microscopy. Osteogenically induced hMSC showed an increased specific ALP activity as well as increased gene expression of gene coding for alkaline phosphatase (ALPL), when cocultivated with differentiating osteoclasts. Adipogenic differentiation of hMSCs was suppressed by the presence of osteoclasts as indicated by a major decrease in adipocyte cell number and a decrease in gene expression of adipogenic markers. The formation of multinucleated osteoclasts seems to be decreased in the presence of osteogenically induced hMSC as indicated by electron microscopic evaluation and determination of TRAP activity. However, gene expression of osteoclast markers was not decreased in coculture with osteogenically induced hMSC. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2010.
The effect of surface topography on early NFκB signaling in macrophages
Authors: Waterfield J. Douglas , Ali Tarek A. , Nahid Fatemeh , Kusano Karu , Brunette Donald M. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractSurface topography modulates macrophage expression of pro‐inflammatory cytokines through triggering of a number of different signaling pathways. In this article, we investigated the early activation of the NFκB pathway in RAW 264.7 macrophages in response to four surface topographies: mechanically polished (PO), coarse sand blasted (CB), acid etched (AE), and sandblasted and acid etched (SLA). We found that activation of the NFκB pathway was topography dependent. The PO and CB surfaces showed the highest level of activation, followed by the AE, then the SLA. Addition of suboptimal stimulatory concentrations of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) enhanced the response. Second, we determined that topography dependent cell signaling occurred in the absence of fetal bovine sera in the media. Third, we demonstrated that disruption of the lipid rafts by removal of cholesterol from cells in suspension using methyl β cyclodextrin (MβCD) affected signaling through the NFκB pathway and transcription of the pro‐inflammatory cytokine IL‐1 β, but did not affect cell adhesion, spreading or morphology. The number of macrophages adhered to the surfaces after 30 min followed the order PO, CB, AE, and SLA. In conclusion, our study suggests that one mechanism by which surface topography modulates activation of the NFκB pathway is through cholesterol‐enriched raft‐associated adhesive/signaling structures. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2010.
Long‐bone critical‐size defects treated with tissue‐engineered polycaprolactone‐co‐lactide scaffolds: A pilot study on rats
Authors: Rentsch Claudia , Rentsch Barbe , Breier Annette , Spekl Kathrin , Jung Roland , Manthey Suzanne , Scharnweber Dieter , Zwipp Hans , Biewener Achim 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the osteogenic potential of embroidered, tissue‐engineered polycaprolactone‐co‐lactide (trade name: PCL) scaffolds for the reconstruction of large bone defects. Ten piled‐up PCL scaffolds were implanted in femura with a critical size defect of immunodeficient nude rats for 12 weeks [n = 4, group 1: noncoated, group 2: collagen I (coll I), group 3: collagen I/chondroitin sulfate (coll I/CS), and group 4: collagen I/chondroitin sulfate/human mesenchymal stem cells (coll I/CS/hMSC)]. X‐ray examination, computer tomography, and histological analyses of the explanted scaffold pads were performed. The quantification of the bone volume ratio showed a significantly higher rate of new bone formation at coll I/CS‐coated scaffolds compared with the other groups. Histological investigations revealed that the defect reconstruction started from the peripheral bone ends and incorporated into the scaffold material. Additionally seeded hMSC on coll I/CS‐coated scaffolds showed a higher matrix deposition inside the implant but no higher bone formation was observed. These data imply that the coll I/CS‐coated PCL scaffolds have the highest potential for treating critical size defects. The scaffolds, being variable in size and structure, can be adapted to any bone defect. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2010.
Use of various offset settings in the Fenwal Amicus during hematopoietic progenitor cell collection to increase lymphocyte yield and reduce cross‐cellular contamination
Authors: Burgstaler Edwin A. , Porrata Luis F. , Markovic Svetomir N. , Winters Jeffrey L. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIntroduction:Autologous HPC collection focus has been CD34+ cell yield but product content of other cells is important for patient survival, complications, and resource utilization.Methods:Prospective, paired study examining MNC and RBC offsets (opens and closes collect valve, respectively) was performed using Fenwal Amicus. Lymphocyte, CD34+ cell yields, and cross‐cellular contamination were compared using different MNC/RBC offsets and retrospective Spectra data.Results:In paired comparisons, median lymphocyte yields were significantly different only between 0.0/7.0 (17.6 × 109) and 1.5/5.0 (14.5 × 109) offsets. CD34+ yields were not significantly different between offsets except 1.0/7.0 and 1.5/5.0 (230.3 vs. 156.7 × 106). Granulocytes, RBC, and PLT were significantly greater with higher RBC offset. Comparing all offsets, 1.5/5.0 collected fewer lymphocytes, granulocytes, RBC, and PLT. 1.5/6.0 offsets collected more lymphocytes than 1.5/5.0 but fewer granulocytes and RBC than others except 1.5/5.0. For 1.5/6.0 offsets, PLT content was higher than 1.5/5.0, equivalent to the other offsets, and less than Spectra. CD34+ yields for 1.5/6.0 offsets were equivalent to others except 1.0/7.0. Manufacturer's default (2.3/6.8) collected equivalent lymphocytes and CD34+ to all offsets (except 1.0/7.0) and Spectra. Cross‐cellular contamination was higher than 1.5/5.0 and 1.5/6.0 but equivalent to others with more RBC and fewer PLT than Spectra.Conclusion:For maximum lymphocyte yield and minimum contamination, 1.5/6.0 offsets appear optimal. For minimum lymphocyte yield and contamination, 1.5/5.0 offsets would be preferred. Manufacturer's default has CD34+ cell and lymphocyte yields similar to 1.5/6.0 with greater contamination. Amicus can achieve lymphocyte and CD34+ yields similar to Spectra but has significantly less PLT removal. J. Clin. Apheresis, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mononuclear cell collection in patients treated with extracorporeal photochemotherapy by using the off‐line method: A comparison between COBE Spectra AutoPbsc version 6.1 and Amicus cell separators
Authors: Perseghin Paolo , Incontri Arianna 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBackground:The first step (MNC collection) during extracorporeal photochemotherapy by using the off‐line method is of paramount importance, since the product should be highly MNC‐enriched with low RBC count to avoid UV‐A intercepting by erythrocytes.Material and methods:10 patients (nine with chronic GvHD and one with bullous pemphigoid) underwent MNC collection on subsequent days either with the COBE Spectra AutoPbsc version 6.1 or the Amicus Crescendo cell separator. Total and differential WBC count were performed on peripheral blood samples before procedure and on the yields. The procedure parameters were recorded for comparison between the two devices. Analysis included descriptive statistics and paired t‐test.Results:No clinically relevant side effect with the exception of mild paresthesias was observed during the 20 MNC collections. Furthermore, no difference were observed as to pre‐collection hematological parameters. The mean total nucleated cell count in the yield was 6.99 ± 2.39 × 109 with a MNC content of 5.9 ± 2.19 × 109 in the Spectra group and 6.15 ± 2.02 × 109 with 5.29 ± 2.39 × 109 in the Amicus group (P = 0.407 and P = 0.540, respectively). PLT content was higher in the yield from the Spectra group when compared to the Amicus group (1.54 × 1011 ± 0.74 vs. 0.53 × 1011 ± 0.34, P = 0.001). Moreover, no difference were observed in the RBC content in the product : 3.38 mL ± 1.91 vs. 4.59 mL ± 2.09, P = 0.191, when COBE Spectra and Amicus were compared, respectively.Conclusions:Both devices provide a satisfactory MNC collection for further UV‐A treatment. J. Clin. Apheresis, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Autoimmunity in transfusion babesiosis: A spectrum of clinical presentations
Authors: Herman Jay H. , Ayache Saleh , Olkowska Danuta 
Published: September 2010

AbstractTransfusion‐acquired babesiosis can be an asymptomatic or self‐limited febrile hemolytic illness in a healthy host. A persistent, relapsing, and/or fulminant course with the development of life‐threatening complications may be seen in immunocompromised or splenectomized patients. As in malaria, erythrocyte parasitemia is often associated with nonimmune hemolysis, and can be treated with erythrocytapheresis. Just as warm autoantibodies have been reported in malaria infection, the development of autoantibody‐mediated immune hemolysis has been reported in babesiosis. We treated a previously healthy male with multiple injuries from a motor vehicle accident necessitating massive transfusion. Late in the hospitalization, his blood smear revealed Babesia microti, confirmed by PCR study and serology. This was eventually traced to a unit of blood from an asymptomatic blood donor that was transfused during his initial trauma care. Specific antibiotic therapy was begun, and severe hemolysis from a high parasite burden required red blood cell exchange which led to rapid abatement of the hemolysis. He had a positive DAT (IgG with a pan‐reactive eluate) but no serum autoantibody. This persisted for 10 days following cessation of hemolysis, and became negative while still on antibiotics while his parasite burden became undetectable. Reports of autoimmunity associated with community acquired babesiosis often have severe hemolysis from their autoantibodies, but our case shows that autoantibodies may also follow transfusion‐acquired babesiosis. The nature of the autoantigen is unknown. J. Clin. Apheresis, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
What's at stake in the EU bailout?
Authors: Tokic Damir 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe European Union is at the crossroads. The current financial crisis in Greece will show if the people of Europe are ready for the final step of European integration‐the political union. Will they form one? Or will they revert to nationalism, abandoning both the euro and the EU?Can the EU survive? And what should investors do? © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Greece: How can companies manage the new risks?
Authors: Lobo Bento J. , Wann Christi , Fulmer Jr. John G. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractCEOs and CFOs must understand that political risk can have a significant impact on a company's profitability. The current situation in Greece is a prime example of this. But how does the risk of Greece's default affect U.S. firms doing business with Greek companies? The authors examine the impact on two kinds of U.S. firms: those exporting to Greece and those importing from Greece. The authors then look at ways to manage the impact of sovereign risk of default. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Foreign investment: Impact on China's economy
Authors: Tang Roger Y. W. , Metwalli Ali M. , Marie Smith Ola 
Published: September 2010

AbstractForeign direct investment (FDI) has been a key driver of economic growth, globalization of business, and the expansion of international trade. And in today's age of the Internet and globalization, the impact of FDI and foreign‐invested enterprises (FIEs) on a hosting country's economy will be more profound than it was in the twentieth century.Given all that, what roles are FIEs playing in the economy of the world's most populous country‐China? And what are the implications for investors? © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
IFRS and the financial crisis
Authors: Olsen Lori , Weirich Thomas R. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe Securities and Exchange Commission continues to encourage convergence of U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and international financial reporting standards (IFRS)‐despite the fact that IFRS did not stop the current financial crises in Greece, Spain, and other European countries. In fact, one study found that IFRS fair value accounting intensified the impact of the crisis.So why should the United States continue on the path to adopt IFRS?The authors examine how we've come to this point, the current financial crisis, and where we seem to be going. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Basel 2: How will new bank capital rules affect your company?
Authors: Sagner James S. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractGovernments, central bankers, and regulators have a most pressing concern: how can they restore confidence and stability in the global financial system? The latest Basel Accords try to do it by setting international standards on the amount of capital banks must maintain to manage financial and operational risks. But there hasn't been adequate analysis of Basel 2's implications, warns the author of this article.The question for companies is: what actions should you take now if your bank faces the new Basel 2 capital requirements? © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Should we audit the fed?
Authors: Marie Smith Ola , San Miguel Paul 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe U.S. Federal Reserve has been under fire lately for its policies and secrecy. Many critics are arguing that we need to audit the Fed‐and legislation to that effect has been introduced in Congress and voted on. But should we audit the Fed? The authors take a close look at how the Fed works and the controversies that surround it. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Octahedral designs
Authors: Linek Václav , Stevens Brett 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAn oriented octahedral design of order v, or OCT(v), is a decomposition of all oriented triples on v points into oriented octahedra. Hanani [H. Hanani, Decomposition of hypergraphs into octahedra, Second International Conference on Combinatorial Mathematics (New York, 1978), Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 319, New York Academy of Science, New York, 1979, pp. 260–264.] settled the existence of these designs in the unoriented case. We show that an OCT(v) exists if and only if v≡1, 2, 6 (mod 8) (the admissible numbers), and moreover the constructed OCT(v) are unsplit, i.e. their octahedra cannot be paired into mirror images. We show that an OCT(v) with a subdesign OCT(U) exists if and only if v and u are admissible and v≥u+4. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Combin Designs 18:319–327, 2010
Potential application of aqueous two‐phase systems for the fractionation of RNase A and α‐Lactalbumin from their PEGylated conjugates
Authors: González‐Valdez José , Cueto Luisa F. , Benavides Jorge , Rito‐Palomares Marco 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND: PEGylation reactions often result in a heterogeneous population of conjugated species and unmodified proteins that presents a protein separations challenge. Aqueous two‐phase systems (ATPS) are an attractive alternative for the potential fractionation of native proteins from their PEGylated conjugates. The present study characterizes the partition behaviors of native RNase A and α‐Lac and their mono and di‐PEGylated conjugates on polyethylene glycol (PEG)—potassium phosphate ATPS.RESULTS: A potential strategy to separate unreacted native protein from its PEGylated species was established based upon the partition behavior of the species. The effect of PEG molecular weight (400–8000 g mol−1), tie‐line length (15–45% w/w) and volume ratio (VR; 0.33, 1.00 and 3.00) on native and PEGylated proteins partition behavior was studied. The use of ATPS constructed with high PEG molecular weight (8000 g mol−1), tie‐line lengths of 25 and 35% w/w, and VR values of 1.0 and 3.0 allowed the selective fractionation of native RNase A and α‐Lactalbumin, respectively, from their PEGylated conjugates on opposite phases. Such conditions resulted in an RNase A bottom phase recovery of 99%, while 98% and 88% of mono and di‐PEGylated conjugates, respectively were recovered at the top phase. For its part, α‐Lac had a bottom phase recovery of 92% while its mono and di‐PEGylated conjugates were recovered at the top phase with yields of 77% and 76%, respectively.CONCLUSIONS: The results reported here demonstrate the potential application of ATPS for the fractionation of PEGylated conjugates from their unreacted precursors. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Medium composition effects on solute partitioning in solid–liquid two‐phase bioreactors
Authors: Khan Tanya R. , Daugulis Andrew J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBiphasic systems such as two‐phase partitioning bioreactors (TPPBs) have been used to alleviate biological inhibition by sequestering inhibitory compounds within an immiscible phase. The use of solid polymer beads as this auxiliary phase provides a fully biocompatible alternative to potentially toxic organic solvents. While guidelines exist for the rational selection of the polymer phase, the effect of the aqueous phase composition on molecular sequestration has not been explored in the literature. This work aims to identify aspects of medium composition that influence the partitioning of target molecules into the sequestering phase. Using benzaldehyde as the target molecule and Hytrel G3548L (DuPont) as the polymer phase, pH, temperature, salt and glucose concentrations, as well as ethanol concentrations, were examined for their effects on the partition coefficient. pH and temperature were observed to have no significant effect on benzaldehyde partitioning. Salt and glucose additions increased the partition coefficient by 173% and 30%, respectively, compared with pure reverse osmosis (RO) water, while increasing ethanol concentration was found to decrease the partition coefficient from 44 ( ± 1.6) to 1 ( ± 0.3). Strategic changes to the aqueous phase can be made to improve affinity of the sequestering phase for target molecules. This provides a simple and cost‐effective method to potentially improve TPPB system performance. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry