bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical Simulation Study on the Spacing of Landslide Anti-slip Piles Based on Strength Reduction Method
Authors: Yu Peng , Hu Ruigeng , Zeng Haiyan , Song Xiao , Fu Jiani 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In landslide control engineering, anti-slip piles are the most commonly used means. This article established a numerical model of the interaction between fully weathered granite landslides and anti-slip piles based on the strength reduction method. Firstly, five pile-soil interaction models with different pile spacing were established using Abaqus software, and individual components were generated and assembled using the stretching function. The friction surface is used between the pile and soil, and the normal and tangential contact characteristics are both Penalties. Secondly, the strength reduction method based on displacement criteria is used to reduce the rock and soil parameters to the unstable stage before failure, while calculating the slope safety factor. Then, the influence of anti-slip pile spacing on slope stability, pile shear force, bending moment, and soil arch effect are studied. The strength reduction method and pile-soil interaction model used in this article can effectively avoid single pile effects and have high accuracy in characterizing soil arching effects. The results afford certain application and promotion values by providing theoretical references and technical guidance for similar anti-slide pile reinforced slope projects.
Research on Modal Behavior of Large Francis Turbine Runner
Authors: Zhou Kangwu , Huang Xingxing , Zhang Tengfei , Wang Zhengwei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The water-added-mass can affect the modal behavior of the Francis turbine runner largely. The sealing rings in the band-chamber and the crown-chamber outside of the runner are utilized to prevent leakage of water around the Francis turbine. The sealing rings and the chambers filled with water can also affect the modal behavior of the turbine. When the turbine runner operates in the power plant at various operating conditions, the seal clearances of the band-chamber and the crown-chamber filled with water may change the modal behavior of the large Francis turbine runner. Firstly, the 3D geometrical structure of the studied large-scale Francis turbine runner was constructed, and then the CAD model was meshed to establish the finite-element model for numerical analysis. Next, the modal shapes and the natural-frequencies of runners in the air were calculated, which is the traditional method used for the structural modal behavior analysis of the turbine runners. Finally, this paper investigates the modal behavior of a large-scale Francis runner prototype with the combined effects of sealing rings and water added-mass by direct water-structure coupled analysis via the finite element method (FEM) to obtain more realistic results. The results reveal that the effects of water-added-mass and sealing rings cause a significant decrease in the natural-frequency of the large Francis turbine runner, which may lead to an increase in the amplitude of vibrations and even cracks. Technical suggestions are proposed to improve the monitoring and maintenance in the power stations to maintain the safe and efficient operation of the large Francis turbine units.
Scenario Generation by Physical Model-Free Approaches for Multiple Renewables
Authors: Chen Hao , Jin Ailing , Zhao Wei , Yi Haoran , Zhang Qixia 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The augmentation of renewable energy sources within the global energy portfolio is imperative for mitigating the impacts of climate change. Nonetheless, the inherent variability, intermittency, and unpredictability associated with certain forms of renewable energy present significant challenges. Effective integration of these energy sources into existing grids is contingent upon accurate predictions and robust scenario planning. To address this, we introduce a novel data-driven framework that facilitates the generation of energy scenarios without relying on intricate physical models or extensive assumptions. This framework is underpinned by an innovative combination of a grey neural network, which is fine-tuned using a genetic algorithm, and a Gaussian Copula to enhance the prediction accuracy. Extensive experimental analyses validate the effectiveness and advanced capabilities of our proposed model. Moreover, the adaptable nature of this data-driven approach allows for its potential application across various sectors within the sustainable industry, further underscoring its versatility and utility.
Effects of Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma on Streptococcus mutans isolated from Dental Caries
Authors: Suhail Ali Hind , Salih Arwa M. , Hanon Marwa S. , Mazhir Sabah N. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA total of (40) oral cavity swabs were sampled from various sites of dental caries (pit, fissure and dental roots) from patients who referred to the Dental Clinic at the College of Dentistry, Aliraqia University, Baghdad, Iraq. Initially, the swabs were placed in test tubes supplied with Stuart transport medium and then distributed by streaking on semi-selective Mitis Salivaris agar medium (MSA). The findings indicated that the isolates are gram-positive cocci that are arranged in chains. The isolates were further morphologically and biochemically identified, using the VITEK instrument, revealing only 32.5 % (n= 13) ofS. mutans. The nonthermal plasma (cold atmospheric pressure plasma; CAP) has many uses in the area of research and development of clinical application worldwide. According to the biofilm assay, all isolates showed the capability of producing biofilm, with differences in thickness of the formed layer, with 3 isolates (7.5%) forming a strong layer, 6 (15%) forming a moderate layer, and 4 (10%) forming a weak layer. The non-thermal plasma (cold atmospheric pressure plasma; CAP) has many uses in the area of research and development of clinical application worldwide.
Study the Cross Section of 67Ga(n,p)67Zn Reaction by using the Revers Reaction in the Ground State
Authors: Kadhum Amin Amin , Majeed Tawfeek Huda 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this study the excitation function for 67Ga(n,p)67Zn nuclear reaction in the ground state has been calculated using the reciprocity theorem. The decay energy of proton particles equal to (-1.78369) MeV according to the available International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) for 67Zn (p,n) 67Ga nuclear reaction with threshold energy (1.81054 MeV) and this data replicated in fine proceedings for specified energy range. The cross-section calculations in a present work shows same behavior of the corresponding experimental data and with previous theoretical work using statistical model.
Calculating the stopping power and neutron yield of 133CS (A,2N) 135LA reaction for the energies between (18.5-47)
Authors: Lateef Oudah Aqeel , Ahmed Ebrahiem Sameera 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In the present work, calculated the cross sections of
133CS (A,2N) 135LA reaction By using interpolated and take the cross-sections published in the international literature for the selection of the appropriate energies ground level interaction in a computer–based program (MATALAB-17.0), in steps of energies (0.5 MeV). The quasi-experimental equation was derived from tabulated results linking a specific cross-section with energies, accounting for the neutron yield in accordance with the Zeigler neutron interactions formula using the program (SRIM 2013), and accounting for the stopping power which was also drawn and tabulated by measuring the yield at two closely spaced energies E1 and E2, one can determine the average value of the integrand over this energy interval and it turns out that the values are directly proportional until the alpha energy values reach 40 million electron volts. We notice that the change in the values is very slight. The neutron yield values begin to increase until the alpha energy reaches 40 million electron volts, after which the neutron yield becomes almost constant.
A study of the Electrical and Dialectical proprieties of S60-Se40-X-PbXChalcogenide Compound
Authors: Muthana Ghazi Mohamed , Ali Jasim Kareem 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this study, the melting-cooling method was used to prepare the chalcogenide compound S60-Se40-X-PbX. Four samples were obtained by partial replacement of Selenium with Lead in the weight ratios x = 0, 10, 20, and 30, respectively. The materials were mixed separately, ground, placed in quartz ampoules, and heated to 500 degrees Celsius. After conducting several operations on the samples, their insulating properties were studied, represented by the real dielectric constant and the imaginary dielectric constant, and the electrical conductivity was measured as a function of the frequency. It was found that partial replacement plays an important role in enhancing the insulating properties. It was found that partial replacement of selenium with lead led to a change in the insulating properties and alternating electrical conductivity.
Characteristics and utility of high-resolution optical coherence microscopy images of endocervical canal lesions
Authors: Zhang Wei , Fine Jeffrey L , Pei Xiaoyin , Cao Yushan , Liu Yixuan , Yan Jinxiang , Ban Zhenying , Zhang Ting , Wei Yuan , Zhao Xin , Wang Baojin , Zhao Chengquan , Zeng Xianxu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To investigate optical coherence microscopy (OCM) imaging features and the application value of these high-resolution images for identifying endocervical canal lesions (ECLs), which is a clinical dilemma in cervical cancer screening programs.

Methods
In total, 520 OCM images were obtained by scanning the cervical canal lesions with an ultra-high-resolution OCM system (204 specimens from 73 patients). The OCM morphologic characteristics of ECLs were observed and summarized, and then 3 researchers performed a diagnostic test of OCM images of cervical canal lesions. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, 95% confidence interval of each parameter, and interinvestigator agreement (κ) were calculated.

Results
Normal endocervix, cysts, squamous metaplasia, high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions involving glands, and invasive carcinoma had distinct OCM characteristics, which correlated well with corresponding H&E histologic sections. The accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the 3 researchers were 90.6%, 89.3% (95% CI, 86.5%-91.7%) and 91.6% (95% CI, 89.2%-93.5%), respectively. The positive predictive value was 90.1% (95% CI, 87.3%-92.4%), and the negative predictive value was 90.9% (95% CI, 88.5%-92.9%), with almost perfect agreement (κ = 0.874).

Conclusions
The application of the OCM system in cervical canal lesions is feasible and could help improve detection of occult ECLs in cervical cancer screening programs. This study lays the foundation for further research on OCM in cervical canal lesions in vivo, which also has a potential impact on projecting pathologic evaluation beyond what is currently possible, perhaps globally.
Newcomb, frustrated
Authors: Borchert Rhys , Spencer Jack 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This paper develops a hybridization of Newcomb’s Problem and the Frustrater (Spencer and Wells’s 2019 paper ‘Why take both boxes?’), underscoring how difficult it is to reconcile the rationality of taking both boxes in Newcomb’s Problem and the rationality of taking the envelope in the Frustrater.
Neonate Simulators: Creatively Engaging Social Work Students in Understanding Risks of Alcohol Use during Pregnancy
Authors: Khan Humaira , Dray Rosslyn , Pourzanjani Pamela 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Use of simulation-based education (SBE) in social work is growing. However, there is a lack of substance use training, for both post-qualified social workers and undergraduate social work students. This study addressed a gap in undergraduate substance use education around prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) and its impact on foetal development. A mixed methods approach was used with undergraduate social work students across two universities in the Southwest of the UK. Both groups received a taught session on foetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), completed pre- and post-taught session questionnaires assessing FAS knowledge, and had the opportunity to interact with the FAS neonate simulator. Creative activities around interaction with the FAS simulator enabled feedback on thoughts, feelings and practice implications. Findings revealed increased pre- to post-FAS knowledge and enhanced understanding of the long-term impacts of gestational alcohol use for the developing child. Social work students felt more aware of the impact of alcohol use during pregnancy and were more confident to address these issues through future practice. The use of FAS neonate simulators as a pedagogic tool is beneficial to help elucidate student knowledge on alcohol use during pregnancy and to increase confidence working with people who are pregnant who may be using alcohol or substances.
PPP1r18 promotes tumor progression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by regulating the calcineurin-mediated ERK pathway
Authors: Ren Changhao , Wu Linfeng , Zhang Shaoyuan , Qi Kangwei , Zhang Yifei , Xu Jiacheng , Ruan Yuanyuan , Feng Mingxiang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Esophageal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors, and the 5-year overall survival rate is only 20%. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the primary histological type of esophageal carcinoma in China. Protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 18 (PPP1r18) is one of the actin-regulatory proteins and is able to bind to protein phosphatase 1 catalytic subunit alpha (PPP1CA). Yet, little is known about the role of PPP1r18 in ESCC. This study aimed to elucidate the biological functions of PPP1r18 in the ESCC progression. Clinical samples first confirmed that PPP1r18 expression was upregulated in ESCC, and PPP1r18 was correlated with tumor invasion depth, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis and reduced overall survival. We then observed that PPP1r18 overexpression enhanced cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, PPP1r18 regulated tumor progression of ESCC through activating the calcineurin-mediated ERK pathway, rather than binding to PPP1CA. Collectively, our results suggest that PPP1r18 promotes ESCC progression by regulating the calcineurin-mediated ERK pathway. PPP1r18 might be a potential target for the diagnosis and treatment of ESCC.
Spatial functional reorganizations can serve as potential biomarkers of post facial palsy synkinesis
Authors: Zhu Hongyan , Cui Tianze , Xue Yanping , Wang Daohe , Ding Wei , Wu Ruiqi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Facial palsy can result in a serious complication known as facial synkinesis, causing both physical and psychological harm to the patients. There is growing evidence that patients with facial synkinesis have brain abnormalities, but the brain mechanisms and underlying imaging biomarkers remain unclear. Here, we employed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate brain function in 31 unilateral post facial palsy synkinesis patients and 25 healthy controls during different facial expression movements and at rest. Combining surface-based mass-univariate analysis and multivariate pattern analysis, we identified diffused activation and intrinsic connection patterns in the primary motor cortex and the somatosensory cortex on the patient’s affected side. Further, we classified post facial palsy synkinesis patients from healthy subjects with favorable accuracy using the support vector machine based on both task-related and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data. Together, these findings indicate the potential of the identified functional reorganizations to serve as neuroimaging biomarkers for facial synkinesis diagnosis.
Return to work and activity after rib-fixation for acute chest trauma: first application of a validated patient-reported outcomes assessment tool
Authors: Blythe Andrew , Cassidy Roslyn , Diamond Owen , McManus Kieran 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Rib fractures present a heavy pain and functional burden in trauma. Our primary aim was to determine return to work in patients with acute rib fractures requiring surgical stabilization of rib fractures. Our secondary outcomes were pain and quality of life. We also document the first application of the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Instrument, a validated injury-specific patient-reported outcome measure, for chest wall injury in the literature.

METHODS
A retrospective review was conducted on patients with rib fractures requiring surgical fixation in a single centre between 2008 and 2020. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria to ensure relevance, all eligible patients were asked to complete patient-reported outcome measure questionnaires.

RESULTS
Of 1841 trauma patients with rib fractures, 66 underwent surgical fixation. Thirty-nine patients were eligible and 31 completed the questionnaires. Pre-injury and post-injury answers were compared. The number of patients in employment decreased postoperatively from 22 to 16 (P = 0.006). For those who returned to work, there was no difference in hours missed but reduced weekly hours and productivity scores. There were significantly more patients with pain and on pain relief. There was a lower quality of life score postoperatively.

CONCLUSIONS
Approximately 1 in 5 patients who require surgical fixation for rib fractures will not return to work. This is the first chest wall trauma study that uses the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Instrument, a validated tool for work productivity outcomes. We recommend this instrument as a reliable tool for investigating return-to-work outcomes in trauma patients.
Autopsy of all young sudden death cases is important to increase survival in family members left behind
Authors: Lynge Thomas H , Albert Christine M , Basso Cristina , Garcia Rodrigue , Krahn Andrew D , Semsarian Christopher , Sheppard Mary N , Behr Elijah R , Tfelt-Hansen Jacob 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is an important public health problem worldwide, accounting for an estimated 6–20% of total mortality. A significant proportion of SCD is caused by inherited heart disease, especially among the young. An autopsy is crucial to establish a diagnosis of inherited heart disease, allowing for subsequent identification of family members who require cardiac evaluation. Autopsy of cases of unexplained sudden death in the young is recommended by both the European Society of Cardiology and the American Heart Association. Overall autopsy rates, however, have been declining in many countries across the globe, and there is a lack of skilled trained pathologists able to carry out full autopsies. Recent studies show that not all cases of sudden death in the young are autopsied, likely due to financial, administrative, and organizational limitations as well as awareness among police, legal authorities, and physicians. Consequently, diagnoses of inherited heart disease are likely missed, along with the opportunity for treatment and prevention among surviving relatives. This article reviews the evidence for the role of autopsy in sudden death, how the cardiologist should interpret the autopsy-record, and how this can be integrated and implemented in clinical practice. Finally, we identify areas for future research along with potential for healthcare reform aimed at increasing autopsy awareness and ultimately reducing mortality from SCD.
Managing the quality of primary health care in urban China: the impact of organizational and physician features
Authors: Wang Wenhua , Xu Tiange , Nicholas Stephen , Mitchell Rebecca , Yang Huiyun , Maitland Elizabeth 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Global health care quality improvement efforts have focussed on management practices. However, knowledge in primary care settings, especially in developing countries, such as China, is lacking.

Objective
To examine the organizational and physician features associated with health care quality in China’s community health centres (CHCs).

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 224 primary care physicians (PCPs) in 38 CHCs in Jinan, Tianjin, Shenzhen, and Shanghai. Clinical and prevention care quality with a 5-level scale (1 = never, 5 = always) reported by the PCPs were used to measure the quality of care. Two-level hierarchical linear models were estimated to examine the organization and physician-level variables associated with primary care quality.

Results
The average clinical care quality score was 4.08 and 3.59 for preventative care out of 5. At the organizational level, organizational culture and organizational support were the strongest predictors of physician-reported quality of care. At the physician level, professional fulfilment, psychological safety, and organizational citizenship behaviour were positively associated with care quality.

Conclusions
Chinese CHCs clinical quality ranked high by PCPs, but the quality of preventative care provision required improvement. To improve primary care quality, managers of CHCs should implement optimal organizational structures, supportive organizational cultures, and strong organizational support at the organization level and cultivate high professional fulfilment, safe, and trustful relationships with colleagues at the physician level.
The polarizing content warning: how the media can reduce affective polarization
Authors: Kubin Emily , von Sikorski Christian 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Past research suggests that journalists can (unintentionally) exacerbate affective polarization when reporting on growing levels of polarization in society. However, is there a way for journalists to report on the realities of growing political polarization without dividing people further? In our research with five pre-registered experimental studies (N = 3,414), we develop the polarizing content warning which, based on inoculation theory, warns readers that scientific research suggests reading news content about political polarization may drive further affective polarization. Results indicate that the polarizing content warning can be used both with online news articles and on social media sites, and is able to indirectly reduce affective polarization of readers. Additionally, the polarizing content warning is beneficial both when presented alongside news content and beforehand, and reduces readers’ perceptions of societal polarization, in turn reducing affective polarization. This warning allows journalists to report on societal polarization without further dividing people.