bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adverse Effects of Topical Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs in Older Adults with Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: MAKRIS UNA E. , KOHLER MINNA J. , FRAENKEL LIANA 
Published: April 2010

Objective.To systematically review the literature on reported adverse effects (AE) associated with use of topical nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID) in older adults with osteoarthritis (OA).Methods.A systematic search of Medline (1950 to November 2009), Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane databases, Dissertation and American College of Rheumatology meeting abstracts was performed to identify original randomized controlled trials, case reports, observational studies, editorials, or dissertations reporting AE from topical NSAID in older adults with OA. Information was sought on study and participant characteristics, detailed recording of application site, and systemic AE as well as withdrawals due to AE.Results.The initial search yielded 953 articles of which 19 met eligibility criteria. Subjects receiving topical NSAID reported up to 39.3% application site AE, and up to 17.5% systemic AE. Five cases of warfarin potentiation with topical agents were reported, 1 resulting in gastrointestinal bleeding. In formal trials, the withdrawal rate from AE ranged from 0 to 21% in the topical agents, 0 to 25% in the oral NSAID, and 0 to 16% in the placebo group.Conclusion.Although topical NSAID are safer than oral NSAID (fewer severe gastrointestinal AE), a substantial proportion of older adults report systemic AE with topical agents. The withdrawal rate due to AE with topical agents is comparable to that of oral NSAID. Given the safety profile and withdrawal rates described in this study, further data are needed to determine the incremental benefits of topical NSAID compared to other treatment modalities in older adults with OA.
Comorbidities in Patients with Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome: A Registry-based Case-control Study
Authors: KANG JIUNN-HORNG , LIN HERNG-CHING 
Published: April 2010

Objective.Although multiple diseases associated with primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) have been reported, reliable data regarding the prevalence of specific medical comorbidities among patients with pSS remain sparse. We investigated the prevalence and risk for a broad spectrum of medical conditions among patients with pSS in Taiwan.Methods.A total of 1974 patients with pSS were eligible for inclusion in the study group. We randomly selected 9870 enrollees matched with the study subjects, using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Dataset for 2006 and 2007, inclusive. Conditional logistic regression analyses conditioned on sex, age, monthly income, and level of urbanization of the patient’s community were used to calculate the odds ratios (OR) of various comorbid conditions.Results.Pearson chi-square tests revealed that patients with pSS had significantly higher prevalence of hyperlipidemia, cardiac arrhythmias, headaches, migraines, fibromyalgia (FM), asthma, pulmonary circulation disorders, hypothyroidism, liver disease, peptic ulcers, hepatitis B, deficiency anemias, depression, and psychoses. Conditional regression analyses showed that, compared to patients without the condition, patients with pSS were more likely to have hyperlipidemia (OR 1.42), cardiac arrhythmias (OR 1.32), headaches (OR 1.47), migraines (OR 1.86), FM (OR 1.71), asthma (OR 1.54), pulmonary circulation disorders (OR 1.42), hypothyroidism (OR 2.37), liver disease (OR 1.89), peptic ulcers (OR 1.88), hepatitis B (OR 2.34), deficiency anemias (OR 1.33), depression (OR 2.57), and psychoses (OR 2.15).Conclusion.The prevalence of several comorbidities was increased among the patients with pSS. Our study provides epidemiological data for comorbidities among pSS patients in an ethnic Chinese population.
Socioeconomic Burden of Psoriatic Arthritis in Hong Kong: Direct and Indirect Costs and the Influence of Disease Pattern
Authors: ZHU TRACY Y. , TAM LAI-SHAN , LEUNG YING-YING , KWOK LAI-WA , WONG KONG-CHIU , YU TRACY , KUN EMILY W. , LI EDMUND K. 
Published: April 2010

Objective.To estimate the direct costs and indirect costs of patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) in Hong Kong.Methods.A retrospective cost-of-illness study was performed on 125 patients with PsA. Participants completed questionnaires on demographics, employment status, and out of pocket expenses. Health resources consumption was recorded by chart review and patient self-report questionnaire. Patients were grouped according to disease pattern, i.e., peripheral and axial disease. Multiple regression was used to determine the predictors of the costs.Results.The average annual direct costs were $4,141 (2006 US dollars) per patient. Costs of inpatient care accounted for 27% of direct costs, followed by costs of visits to healthcare providers (25%). The estimated average indirect costs were $3,127 per patient-year. Forty-eight (42%) patients had no indirect costs. Sixty percent of patients with peripheral disease were still employed, compared to 39% of patients with axial disease. Patients with axial disease had almost twice the indirect costs compared to those with peripheral disease (p = 0.005). Increased pain and poor function were independently associated with increased direct costs. Worse physical health status, determined by indirect costs borne by the patient, and poor function and old age predicted high costs.Conclusion.PsA imposes substantial economic burden. Pain and function are significantly associated with costs. Improvements in treatments to reduce pain and restore function are likely to reduce the costs incurred by these patients.
Influence of STAT4 Polymorphism in Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome
Authors: PALOMINO-MORALES ROGELIO J. , DIAZ-GALLO LINA-MARCELA , WITTE TORSTEN , ANAYA JUAN-MANUEL , MARTÍN JAVIER 
Published: April 2010

Objective.To examine the influence ofSTAT4rs7574865 gene polymorphism on patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome (SS).Methods.Two different cohorts were studied: 69 patients with primary SS and 296 controls from Colombia and 108 patients with primary SS and 227 controls from Germany. Samples were genotyped for theSTAT4rs7574865 single-nucleotide polymorphism with a predesigned TaqMan single-nucleotide polymorphism genotyping assay. We carried out a metaanalysis of our results combined with data published to date.Results.Although no significant differences were observed in the allele frequencies ofSTAT4rs7574865 gene polymorphism between patients and controls in Colombians (p = 0.28, OR 1.24, 95% CI 0.82–1.87) and Germans (p = 0.08, OR 1.40, 95% CI 0.96–2.02), the metaanalysis disclosed a significant effect of the T allele on disease (p = 4.7 × 10−6, OR 1.40, 95% CI 1.21–1.62).Conclusion.These data reinforce the influence ofSTAT4gene on primary SS and as a general autoimmune gene.
Observational Studies of Infections in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Metaanalysis of Tumor Necrosis Factor Antagonists
Authors: BERNATSKY SASHA , HABEL YOUSSEF , RAHME ELHAM 
Published: April 2010

Objective.Published metaanalyses of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antagonists and infection have focused on randomized controlled trials, which tend to have short duration, relatively small size, and stringent inclusion/exclusion criteria that may limit enrollment to patients at low risk of infection. We performed a systematic review and synthesis of observational studies of TNF antagonists and infection risk.Methods.We conducted a systematic literature search of studies estimating overall risk of serious infection after anti-TNF exposure in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We estimated a pooled relative risk (RR) for the relevant observational studies, using a random-effects model.Results.Five cohort studies and 2 nested case-control studies were included in the metaanalysis. Anti-TNF therapy appeared to significantly increase risk of serious infection (pooled adjusted RR 1.37, 95% CI 1.18, 1.60).Conclusion.Our metaanalysis of observational data demonstrated an increased risk of serious infection in subjects with RA receiving anti-TNF therapy, versus those not receiving these agents.
Untargeted Metabolomics
Authors: Vinayavekhin Nawaporn , Saghatelian Alan 
Published: April 2010

AbstractAlong with genes and proteins, metabolites play important roles in sustaining life. Their functions include “primary” functions in metabolism and energy storage, as well as “secondary” functions in cell‐to‐cell signaling, metal acquisition, and virulence. There remains much to be learned about the in vivo roles of metabolites. Approaches that accelerate measurement of metabolite levels directly from cells and tissues should increase our understanding of the diverse roles of metabolites and potentially lead to discovery of novel metabolites and metabolic pathways. Metabolomics is an important comparative tool to study global metabolite levels in samples under various conditions. In this unit, the steps needed to perform a mass spectrometry (MS)–based untargeted metabolomics experiment using bacterial supernatants are detailed. In contrast to a targeted metabolomics experiment, which measures ions from known metabolites, an untargeted metabolomics experiment registers all ions within a certain mass range, including ions belonging to structurally novel metabolites. The protocols in this unit describe the conditions necessary for analyzing hydrophobic metabolites and provide an example of how to structurally characterize a novel metabolite. Curr. Protoc. Mol. Biol. 90:30.1.1‐30.1.24. © 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Click‐iT Proliferation Assay with Improved DNA Histograms
Authors: Krishan Awtar , Hamelik Ronald M. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe Click‐iT EdU cell proliferation assay (Invitrogen) for detection of replicating cells is based on incorporation of EdU into newly synthesized DNA and its recognition by azide dyes via a copper mediated “click” reaction. In the protocol provided by Invitrogen, cells are fixed with paraformaldehyde and stained with 7‐aminoactinomycin D (7‐AAD) for DNA content analysis. Both of these procedures result in DNA histograms with a broad coefficient of variation. We have modified this protocol and show that after EdU incorporation, nuclei isolated by hypotonic lysis of cells can be directly labeled using the Click‐iT Alexa Fluor 488 Assay kit and stained with propidium iodide. This modified procedure using isolated nuclei and propidium iodide staining results in DNA histograms with better resolution (lower coefficient of variation of the G1 peak) and shorter processing time by eliminating the fixation and permeabilization steps. Curr. Protoc. Cytom. 52:7.36.1‐7.36.7. © 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Identification of Endothelial Cells and Progenitor Cell Subsets in Human Peripheral Blood
Authors: Estes Myka L. , Mund Julie A. , Ingram David A. , Case Jamie 
Published: April 2010

AbstractAn assay for circulating cell subsets in human peripheral blood by flow cytometry is used as a biomarker to determine cardiovascular disease risk and tumor responsiveness to chemotherapy since endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) function in vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. Despite analytical advances in polychromatic flow cytometry (PFC), conventional approaches are routinely utilized to enumerate and isolate EPCs, which has led to varied results in clinical studies, potential cellular misidentification, and thus a lack of a plausible biological explanation for how purported EPCs function. Herein, a reproducible PFC protocol is provided to identify a rare circulating endothelial colony‐forming cell (ECFC) with proliferative potential, along with a population of circulating progenitor cells (CPCs) in which the ratio analysis distinguishes between healthy and disease populations. In sum, a reliable PFC protocol, which can be used to investigate the roles of human hematopoietic and endothelial elements in the growth and maintenance of the vasculature, is described. Curr. Protoc. Cytom. 52:9.33.1‐9.33.11. © 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Life Cycle Analysis of Unicellular Algae
Authors: Gerashchenko Bogdan I. , Takahashi Toshiyuki , Kosaka Toshikazu , Hosoya Hiroshi 
Published: April 2010

AbstractUnicellular green alga is a very convenient object for flow cytometric characterization. Flow cytometry has been proposed as a quick and reliable tool for studying life cycle and growth of unicellular algae. Cell size of vegetating algae can be monitored in association with their DNA and endogenous chlorophyll content. Cells of interest (e.g., group of cells of a certain stage of the life cycle) in an asynchronously proliferating cell population can be sorted out for further microscopical or molecular biology studies. This methodological approach can be helpful for researchers who are interested in algal proliferation. Curr. Protoc. Cytom. 52:11.19.1‐11.19.6. © 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
3D Deconvolution Microscopy
Authors: Biggs David S.C. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract3D deconvolution microscopy is a combination of optical and computational techniques that are used to maximize the observed resolution and signal from a biological specimen. Mathematical models are used to predict the distribution of out‐of‐focus light caused by the inherent optical limitations of the instrument, which can then be compensated for using computer algorithms. This unit will review the theory of image formation and characteristics of the point spread function (PSF) based on the instrument modality and objective lens parameters. A variety of commonly used deblurring and deconvolution methods are described, and their applications to sample datasets are illustrated to show the performance of each algorithm. Steps for setting up the image acquisition to acquire data suitable for deconvolution are described, and the challenge of maximizing signal levels while minimizing light exposure addressed. Deconvolution examples from widefield epi‐fluorescence and laser scanning confocal are shown, and suitability for other modalities discussed. Curr. Protoc. Cytom. 52:12.19.1‐12.19.20. © 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Safety assessment on distillation columns: From shortcut methods and heuristics to dynamic simulation
Authors: Staak Daniel , Morillo Aristides , Schiffmann Patrick , Repke Jens‐Uwe , Wozny Günter 
Published: April 2010

AbstractA new method for the design of safety devices for distillation columns based on dynamic simulation is presented. A simulation model for the description of the column behavior after an operational failure was developed and successfully validated. The model includes the description of weeping, entrainment, and pressure relief (one‐phase or two‐phase flow). Based on the simulation results, a more efficient design of safety measures is possible. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2011
The MECP2 duplication syndrome
Authors: Ramocki Melissa B. , Tavyev Y. Jane , Peters Sarika U. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractIn this review, we detail the history, molecular diagnosis, epidemiology, and clinical features of the MECP2 duplication syndrome, including considerations for the care of patients with this X‐linked neurodevelopmental disorder. MECP2 duplication syndrome is 100% penetrant in affected males and is associated with infantile hypotonia, severe to profound mental retardation, autism or autistic features, poor speech development, recurrent infections, epilepsy, progressive spasticity, and, in some cases, developmental regression. Most of the reported cases are inherited, however, de novo cases have been documented. While carrier females have been reported to be unaffected, more recent research demonstrates that despite normal intelligence, female carriers display a range of neuropsychiatric phenotypes that pre‐date the birth of an affected son. Given what we know of the syndrome to date, we propose that genetic testing is warranted in cases of males with infantile hypotonia and in cases of boys with mental retardation and autistic features with or without recurrent infections, progressive spasticity, epilepsy, or developmental regression. We discuss recommendations for clinical management and surveillance as well as the need for further clinical, genotype–phenotype, and molecular studies to assist the patients and their families who are affected by this syndrome. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synthesis and electrospun fiber mats of low Tg poly(propylene fumerate‐co‐propylene maleate)
Authors: Cicotte Kirsten N. , Hedberg‐Dirk Elizabeth L. , Dirk Shawn M. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractMany publications have examined the biodegradable polymer poly(propylene fumate) (PPF) for use in tissue engineering applications. We have examined a similar crosslinkable polymer system, poly(propylene fumerate)‐co‐(propylene maleate) (PPFcPM), derived from maleic anhydride (MA) and 1,2‐propylene diol (PD). This copolymer system uses a less expensive monomer as well as leads to varied ratios of fumerate to maleate groups, allowing tuning of the crosslinked polymer properties such as degradation rate. Two different reaction conditions were used to synthesize the copolymer from MA and PD. In the first case (Method A), toluene was used as a solvent to azeotropically (85°C) remove water to drive the acid catalyzed esterification reaction. In the second case (Method B), the initial ring opening reaction was conducted, followed by addition of catalyst and removal of water to produce polymer of higher molecular weight. Both polymer systems had glass transition temperatures (Tg) below room temperature. The low Tg PPFcPM was dissolved in chloroform along with the photoinitiator phenylbis(2,4,6‐trimethylbenzoyl)‐phosphine oxide (BAPO) and electrospun. The polymer fibers were crosslinked soon after they formed to produce noncalendaring 3D porous scaffolds. Control experiments without the BAPO photoinitiator did not produce fiber mats. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Nanoclay reinforced rigid polyurethane foams
Authors: Kim S. H. , Lee M. C. , Kim H. D. , Park H. C. , Jeong H. M. , Yoon K. S. , Kim B. K. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractClay was intercalated and exfoliated by neutralized dimethylol butanoic acid (DMBA) and used to fabricate rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF)/clay nanocomposites. Cream time, gel time, and tack‐free time increased with the addition and increasing amount of clay whereas foam density and compression strength decreased. Cell size, closed cell content, volume change upon heating and cooling, and thermal conductivity of the foam decreased with the addition and increasing amount of clay with a minimum at 2 pphp (parts per 100 polyol by weight). The glass transition and decomposition temperatures increased with increasing clay content due to the restricted motion of chains and barrier property of the clay platelets. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Dangerous severe personality disorder: the controversy continues
Authors: Beck James C. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractFollowing a high profile murder in 1996, the government in England moved to involuntarily contain individuals, almost all men, who were thought to be at risk of violence and to have a personality disorder. In 2008 the Dangerous Severe Personality Disorder program of assessment, commitment and treatment for this newly defined legal category of persons went into effect. The program was initially opposed by a majority of the forensic psychiatrists in England, but consistently supported by a minority. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Parent‐of‐origin and trans‐generational germline influences on behavioral development: The interacting roles of mothers, fathers, and grandparents
Authors: Curley J.P. , Mashoodh R. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractMothers and fathers do not contribute equally to the development of their offspring. In addition to the differential investment of mothers versus fathers in the rearing of offspring, there are also a number of germline factors that are transmitted unequally from one parent or the other that contribute significantly to offspring development. This article shall review four major sources of such parent‐of‐origin effects. Firstly, there is increasing evidence that genes inherited on the sex chromosomes including the nonpseudoautosomal part of the Y chromosome that is only inherited from fathers to sons, contribute to brain development and behavior independently of the organizing effects of sex hormones. Secondly, recent work has demonstrated that mitochondrial DNA that is primarily inherited only from mothers may play a much greater than anticipated role in neurobehavioral development. Thirdly, there exists a class of genes known as imprinted genes that are epigenetically silenced when passed on in a parent‐of‐origin specific manner and have been shown to regulate brain development and a variety of behaviors. Finally, there is converging evidence from several disciplines that environmental variations experienced by mothers and fathers may lead to plasticity in the development and behavior of offspring and that this phenotypic inheritance can be solely transmitted through the germline. Mechanistically, this may be achieved through altered programming within germ cells of the epigenetic status of particular genes such as retrotransposons and imprinted genes or potentially through altered expression of RNAs within gametes. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 52: 312–330, 2010.
N‐cadherin is dispensable for pancreas development but required for β‐cell granule turnover
Authors: Johansson Jenny K. , Voss Ulrikke , Kesavan Gokul , Kostetskii Igor , Wierup Nils , Radice Glenn L. , Semb Henrik 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe cadherin family of cell adhesion molecules mediates adhesive interactions that are required for the formation and maintenance of tissues. Previously, we demonstrated that N‐cadherin, which is required for numerous morphogenetic processes, is expressed in the pancreatic epithelium at E9.5, but later becomes restricted to endocrine aggregates in mice. To study the role of N‐cadherin during pancreas formation and function we generated a tissue‐specific knockout of N‐cadherin in the early pancreatic epithelium by inter‐crossing N‐cadherin‐floxed mice with Pdx1Cre mice. Analysis of pancreas‐specific ablation of N‐cadherin demonstrates that N‐cadherin is dispensable for pancreatic development, but required for β‐cell granule turnover. The number of insulin secretory granules is significantly reduced in N‐cadherin‐deficient β‐cells, and as a consequence insulin secretion is decreased. genesis 48:374–381, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.