bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recurrent t(2;2) and t(2;8) translocations in rhabdomyosarcoma without the canonical PAX‐FOXO1 fuse PAX3 to members of the nuclear receptor transcriptional coactivator family
Authors: Sumegi Janos , Streblow Renae , Frayer Robert W. , Cin Paola Dal , Rosenberg Andrew , Meloni‐Ehrig Aurelia , Bridge Julia A. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe fusion oncoproteins PAX3‐FOXO1 [t(2;13)(q35;q14)] and PAX7‐FOXO1 [t(1;13)(p36;q14)] typify alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS); however, 20–30% of cases lack these specific translocations. In this study, cytogenetic and/or molecular characterization to include FISH, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR), and sequencing analyses of five rhabdomyosarcomas [four ARMS and one embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS)] with novel, recurrent t(2;2)(p23;q35) or t(2;8)(q35;q13) revealed that these noncanonical translocations fuse PAX3 to NCOA1 or NCOA2, respectively. The PAX3‐NCOA1 and PAX3‐NCOA2 transcripts encode chimeric proteins composed of the paired‐box and homeodomain DNA‐binding domains of PAX3, and the CID domain, the Q‐rich region, and the activation domain 2 (AD2) domain of NCOA1 or NCOA2. To investigate the biological function of these recurrent variant translocations, the coding regions of PAX3‐NCOA1 and PAX3‐NCOA2 cDNA constructs were introduced into expression vectors with tetracycline‐regulated expression. Both fusion proteins showed transforming activity in the soft‐agar assay. Deletion of the AD2 portion of the PAX3‐NCOA fusion proteins reduced the transforming activity of each chimeric protein. Similarly, but with greater impact, CID domain deletion fully abrogated the transforming activity of the chimeric protein. These studies (1) expand our knowledge of PAX3 variant translocations in RMS with identification of a novel PAX3‐NCOA2 fusion, (2) show that both PAX3‐NCOA1 and PAX3‐NCOA2 represent recurrent RMS rearrangements, (3) confirm the transforming activity of both translocation events and demonstrate the essentiality of intact AD2 and CID domains for optimal transforming activity, and (4) provide alternative approaches (FISH and RT‐PCR) for detecting PAX‐NCOA fusions in nondividing cells of RMS. The latter could potentially be used as aids in diagnostically challenging cases. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Complications and functional outcomes following complex oropharyngeal reconstruction
Authors: Zafereo Mark E. , Weber Randal S. , Lewin Jan S. , Roberts Diana B. , Hanasono Matthew M. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBackground.We sought to evaluate postoperative complications and functional outcomes in patients who underwent oropharyngeal reconstruction after oncologic resection.Methods.The evaluation constituted a retrospective review of 65 patients who underwent microvascular free flap (85%) and/or pectoralis pedicled flap (18%) oropharyngeal reconstruction after composite resection for advanced oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.Results.Perioperative mortality was 1.5%. Overall, 29 patients (45%) experienced surgical or medical complications; however, only 2 patients (3%) required operative intervention. The flap success rate was 100%. Eighty‐six percent of patients were decannulated, 34% were able to meet all of their nutritional needs orally, and 69% attained >80% speech intelligibility. Preoperative swallowing impairment was associated with postoperative feeding tube dependence (p = .006).Conclusions.Microvascular free flap and/or pectoralis pedicled flap reconstruction of extensive oropharyngeal defects is safe and reliable, even with advanced disease. Although most patients achieved decannulation and functional speech, almost two thirds remained at least partially feeding tube dependent. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2010
Glutathione S‐transferase P1 and alpha gene variants; role in susceptibility and tumor size development of oral cancer
Authors: Chen Mu‐Kuan , Tsai Hsiu‐Ting , Chung Tsung‐Te , Su Shih‐Chi , Kao Te‐Yu , Tseng Hsien‐Chun , Liu Te‐Hsiung , Chiou Hui‐Ling , Yang Shun‐Fa 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBackground.The aim of this study was to estimate the relationship of glutathione S‐transferases (GST)P1, GSTA1, GSTM1, and GSTT1 gene polymorphisms to oral cancer risk.Methods.Polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR‐RFLP) was used to measure these 4 gene polymorphisms in 274 controls and 164 oral cancer patients.Results.Individuals with at least 1 varied G allele of GSTP1 had a 1.53‐fold risk (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.01–2.31) of developing oral cancer compared with patients with wild‐type A/A homozygotes. Oral cancer patients with at least 1 varied T allele of GSTA1 gene had a 0.42‐fold risk (95% CI = 0.18–0.95) of having a tumor size >2 cm compared with patients with C/C homozygotes.Conclusions.The varied G allele of GSTP1 may be considered as a factor contributing to increased susceptibility, whereas the T allele of GSTA1 could be a protective factor for tumor size progression in Taiwanese with oral cancer. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2010
Preoperative predictors of sternotomy need in mediastinal goiter management
Authors: Casella Claudio , Pata Giacomo , Cappelli Carlo , Salerni Bruno 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBackground.The objective of this study was to identify the preoperative risk factors for patients in need of a sternotomy in the management of mediastinal goiters in order to provide better preoperative planning and patient consent.Methods.We analyzed 98 patients who underwent surgery for mediastinal goiters (goiters extending below the thoracic inlet ≥3 cm with the neck in hyperextension) between 1995 and 2008. Twelve (12.2%) of the patients required a sternotomy. The patients' features were analyzed by the surgical approach performed. Logistic regression analysis was used to study which variables were influencing the surgical strategy. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were designed when appropriate.Results.The analysis disclosed the following risk factors: radiologic extension of mediastinal goiters below the aortic arch (odds ratio [OR] = 32.87; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.04–267.12; p < .0001); posterior mediastinum involvement for mediastinal goiters with subaortic extension (OR = 7.2; 95% CI = 1.52–34.14; p = .0244); history of mediastinal goiters before surgery (for mediastinal goiters aged >160 months: OR = 22.8; 95% CI = 5.28–98.53; p < .0001).Conclusions.Sternotomy need for mediastinal goiter removal can be predicted; in such cases surgeons should not hesitate to perform it for minimizing complications. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2010
Who is citing whom: Citation network analysis among HRD publications from 1990 to 2007
Authors: Jo Sung Jun , Jeung Chang‐Wook , Park Sunyoung , Yoon Hea Jun 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA citation network analysis among four journals in human resource development (HRD) was conducted to discover the major themes of published articles in HRD. A total of 1,410 articles from 1990 to 2007 were coded. Main path analysis, influence analysis, and reduced network analysis were conducted for citation network analysis. The key findings are

The HRD citation network is characterized as high cohesiveness locally and low separation globally.
HRD texts tend to gather around texts dealing with three significant topics.
A reduced citation network generated based on cliques is divided into four blocks.
A geographical position of a text in the citation network is highly associated with the topics (theory building or training transfer) and with the nature of the study (foundational or applied).
Implications of the current study and suggestions for future study based on the limitations of the study are addressed.
Career decision‐making self‐efficacy, integration, and the likelihood of managerial retention in governmental agencies
Authors: Peterson Shari 
Published: December 2009

AbstractResults based on responses from 679 managers in three governmental agencies confirmed that career‐related organizational practices and relationships impacted their staying in the organization. Specifically, managers who scored higher in career decision‐making self‐efficacy, a relatively new variable to the turnover literature, career integration, and work‐life balance were 63‐69° more likely to stay. HRD has an opportunity to identify organizational work environments that lead to a greater sense of managerial employee connectedness (integration) with the organization. As well, HRD could strategically reduce costs associated with turnover by leading initiatives to design and develop or enhance career development programs. If managers have greater opportunities to identify career paths and achieve their career goals within their current organizations, they may be less likely to seek those opportunities elsewhere.
Signal generation and Raman‐resonant imaging by non‐degenerate four‐wave mixing under tight focusing conditions
Authors: Weeks Tyler , Schie Iwan W. , Wachsmann‐Hogiu Sebastian , Huser Thomas 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe authors demonstrate Raman‐resonant imaging based on the simultaneous generation of several nonlinear frequency mixing processes resulting from a 3‐color coherent anti‐Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) experiment. The interaction of three coincident short‐pulsed laser beams simultaneously generates both 2‐color (degenerate) CARS and 3‐color (non‐degenerate) CARS signals, which are collected and characterized spectroscopically – allowing for resonant, doubly‐resonant, and non‐resonant contrast mechanisms. Images obtained from both 2‐color and 3‐color CARS signals are compared and found to provide complementary information. The 3‐color CARS microscopy scheme provides a versatile multiplexed modality for biological imaging, which may extend the capabilities of label‐free non‐linear microscopy, e.g. by probing multiple Raman resonances. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Improvements in the production of bacterial synthesized biocellulose nanofibres using different culture methods
Authors: Sani Amir , Dahman Yaser 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThis review summarizes previous work that was done to improve the production of bacterial cellulose nanofibres. Production of biocellulose nanofibres is a subject of interest owing to the wide range of unique properties that makes this product an attractive material for many applications. Bacterial cellulose is a natural nanomaterial that has a native dimension of less than 50 nm in diameter. It is produced in the form of nanofibres, yielding a very pure cellulose product with unique physical properties that distinguish it from plant‐derived cellulose. Its high surface‐to‐volume ratio combined with its unique properties such as poly‐functionality, hydrophilicity and biocompatibility makes it a potential material for applications in the biomedical field. The purpose of this review is to summarize the methods that might help in delivering microbial cellulose to the market at a competitive cost. Different feedstocks in addition to different bioreactor systems that have been previously used are reviewed. The main challenge that exists is the low yield of the cellulosic nanofibres, which can be produced in static and agitated cultures. The static culture method has been used for many years. However, the production cost of this nanomaterial in bioreactor systems is less expensive than the static culture method. Biosynthesis in bioreactors will also be less labour intensive when scaled up. This would improve developing intermediate fermentation scale‐up so that the conversion to an efficient large‐scale fermentation technology will be an easy task. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Control of the Fenton process for textile wastewater treatment using artificial neural networks
Authors: Yu Ruey‐Fang , Chen Ho‐Wen , Liu Kuang‐Yu , Cheng Wen‐Po , Hsieh Peng‐Han 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: The Fenton process is a popular advanced oxidation process (AOP) for treating textile wastewater. However, high consumption of chemical reagents and high production of sludge are typical problems when using this process and in addition, textile wastewater has wide‐ranging characteristics. Therefore, dynamically regulating the Fenton process is critical to reducing operation costs and enhancing process performance. The artificial neural network (ANN) model has been adopted extensively to optimize wastewater treatment. This study presents a novel Fenton process control strategy using ANN models and oxygen reduction potential (ORP) monitoring to treat two synthetic textile wastewaters containing two common dyes.RESULTS: Experimental results indicated that the ANN models can predict precisely the colour and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies for synthetic textile wastewaters with correlation coefficients (R2) of 0.91–0.99. The proposed control strategy based on these ANN models effectively controls the Fenton process for various effluent colour targets. For treating the RB49 synthetic wastewater to meet the effluent colour targets of 550 and 1500 ADMI units, the required Fe+2 doses were 13.0–84.3 and 5.5–34.6 mg L−1 (Fe+2/H2O2 = 3.0), resulting in average effluent colour values of 520 and 1494 units. On the other hand, an effluent colour target of 550 ADMI units was achieved for RBB synthetic wastewater. The required Fe+2 doses were 14.6–128.0 mg L−1; the average effluent colour values were 520 units.CONCLUSION: The Fenton process for textile wastewater treatment was effectively controlled using a control strategy applying the ANN models and ORP monitoring, giving the benefit of chemical cost savings. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Effect of perchloroethylene (PCE) and hydraulic shock loads on a membrane‐aerated biofilm reactor (MABR) biodegrading PCE
Authors: Ohandja Dieudonné‐Guy , Stuckey David C. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: A membrane‐aerated biofilm reactor (MABR) has previously been used to provide both anaerobic and aerobic conditions for mineralisation of perchloroethylene (PCE). However, very little is known about the stability of this reactor under hydraulic and PCE shock loads. An MABR was therefore subjected to sudden hydraulic and PCE shock loads in order to investigate its stability under such conditions.RESULTS: After each shock, the reactor responded with an increase of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and volatile fatty acids (VFA)s, a breakthrough of PCE and its biodegradation intermediates in the effluent, and a decrease in methane production. Although some PCE biodegradation intermediates were found in the effluent during each shock loading, the MABR performance recovered without the accumulation of any particular PCE biodegradation intermediates during PCE shock loads. During the hydraulic shock loads, the MABR was unstable at hydraulic retention times (HRTs) of 6 h with PCE and its biodegradation intermediates detected in the effluent. However, these intermediates were degraded when the HRT was reset to 48 h.CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that MABRs can withstand fluctuations in influent strength and flows which occur in wastewater treatment works. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
A single pretreatment by zoledronic acid converts metastases from osteolytic to osteoblastic in the rat
Authors: Nyangoga Hervé , Blouin Stéphane , Libouban Hélène , Baslé Michel Félix , Chappard Daniel 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBone metastases are severe complications of cancers associated with increased morbidity, pain, risk fracture, and reduced life span for patients. Bisphosphonates emerged as a relief treatment in bone metastases. A single dose of zoledronic acid (78 μg/kg) was injected into six Copenhagen rats 4 days before receiving an intraosseous inoculation of metastatic anaplastic tumor of lymph node and lung cell (MLL) prostate cancer cells. Rat femurs were analyzed for changes by microCT and histomorphometry; trabecular volume, trabecular characteristics, osteoid parameters, osteoblastic surfaces, and osteoclast number were measured. Values were compared to a group of SHAM animals, a group of SHAM animals having received zoledronic acid and animals inoculated with MLL cells. All rats were euthanized after 1 month. MLL cells induced osteolysis in the metaphysis with extension of the tumor to soft tissues through cortical perforations. Zoledronic acid induced a marked osteosclerosis in the primary spongiosa in both SHAM and rats inoculated with MLL. Osteosclerosis was obtained in the secondary spongiosa of MLL rats. The bisphosphonate preserved cortical integrity in all animals, and no extension to soft tissues was observed in most animals. The number of osteoclasts was elevated, indicating that there was no apoptosis of osteoclasts but they became inactive. Osteosclerosis was associated with increased osteoblastic surfaces. A single zoledronic acid injection turned osteolytic metastases into osteosclerotic and preserved cortical integrity. Microsc. Res. Tech. 73:733–740, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Morphology Development and Interfacial Interactions in Polycaprolactone/Thermoplastic‐Starch Blends
Authors: Li Gang , Favis Basil D. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe coalescence, continuity development, dynamic and static mechanical properties and interfacial interactions are studied for polycaprolactone/thermoplastic starch blends. These blends, prepared by a one‐step extrusion process, demonstrate the features of a highly interacting system and the tensile mechanical properties demonstrate exceptional ductility at very high levels of thermoplastic starch without any added interfacial modifier. Virtually all the results can be explained by two phenomena: a high elasticity of the thermoplastic starch phase and a strong compatibility between TPS and PCL due to hydrogen bonding. The high level of compatibility is facilitated by the high mobility of the TPS chains due to the high plasticizer content and a highly effective TPS plasticization protocol.magnified image
Stimulated Deformation of Polysiloxane Capsules in External Electric Fields
Authors: Degen Patrick , Chen Zhao , Rehage Heinz 
Published: December 2009

AbstractDue to their pronounced viscoelastic properties polymer microcapsules are able to undergo mechanical deformations when they are stimulated by external signals. The aim of our work was to prepare new types of electric switchable microcapsules based on the interfacial polycondensation of octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) and to investigate their deformation behavior in externally electric fields. In a series of experiments we explored the influence of different additives on the deformation behavior of the capsules in electric fields as well as on the shear rheological properties of the polysiloxane networks at the planar interface. We could show that the additives had a significant influence on the rheological membrane properties, but we observed only small changes in the deformation of the whole capsules.magnified image
1,1‐Diphenyl Ethylene‐Mediated Radical Polymerisation: A General Non‐Metal‐Based Technique For The Synthesis Of Precise Core Cross‐Linked Star Polymers
Authors: Tan Jing Fung , Blencowe Anton , Goh Tor Kit , Qiao Greg G. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThis communication details the successful synthesis of low polydispersity core cross‐linked star (CCS) polymers via DPE‐mediated polymerisation. We demonstrate the ability to produce poly(methyl methacrylate) and poly(acrylonitrile) CCS polymers that are currently inaccessible via the two most common non‐metal‐based controlled radical polymerisation techniques (NMP and RAFT polymerisations).magnified image
Expression and chromosomal organization of mouse meiotic genes
Authors: Ben‐Asher Hiba Waldman , Shahar Iris , Yitzchak Assaf , Mehr Ramit , Don Jeremy 
Published: December 2009

AbstractMicroarray technology which enables large scale analysis of gene expression and thus comparison between transcriptomes of different cell types, cells undergoing different treatments or cells at different developmental stages has also been used to study the transcriptome involved with spermatogenesis. Many new germ cell‐specific genes were determined, and the resulting genes were classified according to different criteria. However, the biological significance of these classifications and their clustering according to developmental transcriptional patterns during spermatogenesis have not yet been addressed. In this study we utilized mouse testicular transcriptome analysis at five distinct post‐natal ages (Days 7, 10, 12, 14, and 17), representing distinct meiotic stages, in an attempt to better understand the biological significance of genes clustered into similar expression patterns during this process. Among 790 sequences that showed an expression level change of twofold or more in any of the five key stages that were monitored, relative to the geometric average of all stages, about 40% peaked and about 30% were specifically suppressed at post‐natal day 14 (representing the early pachytene stage of spermatocytes), reflecting tight transcriptional regulation at this stage. We also found that each of the six main transcription clusters that were determined was characterized by statistically significant representation of genes related to specific biological processes. Finally, our results indicated that genes important for meiosis are not randomly distributed along the mouse genome but rather preferentially located on specific chromosomes, suggesting for the first time that chromosomal location might be a regulating factor of meiotic gene expression. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 77: 241–248, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Arterial transit time effects in pulsed arterial spin labeling CBF mapping: Insight from a PET and MR study in normal human subjects
Authors: Qiu Maolin , Paul Maguire R. , Arora Jagriti , Planeta‐Wilson Beata , Weinzimmer David , Wang Jinghua , Wang Yuenan , Kim Hyeonjin , Rajeevan Nallakkandi , Huang Yiyun , Carson Richard E. , Constable R. Todd 
Published: December 2009

AbstractArterial transit time (ATT), a key parameter required to calculate absolute cerebral blood flow in arterial spin labeling (ASL), is subject to much uncertainty. In this study, ASL ATTs were estimated on a per‐voxel basis using data measured by both ASL and positron emission tomography in the same subjects. The mean ATT increased by 260 ± 20 (standard error of the mean) ms when the imaging slab shifted downwards by 54 mm, and increased from 630 ± 30 to 1220 ± 30 ms for the first slice, with an increase of 610 ± 20 ms over a four‐slice slab when the gap between the imaging and labeling slab increased from 20 to 74 mm. When the per‐slice ATTs were employed in ASL cerebral blood flow quantification and the in‐slice ATT variations ignored, regional cerebral blood flow could be significantly different from the positron emission tomography measures. ATT also decreased with focal activation by the same amount for both visual and motor tasks (∼80 ms). These results provide a quantitative relationship between ATT and the ASL imaging geometry and yield an assessment of the assumptions commonly used in ASL imaging. These findings should be considered in the interpretation of, and comparisons between, different ASL‐based cerebral blood flow studies. The results also provide spatially specific ATT data that may aid in optimizing the ASL imaging parameters. Magn Reson Med, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.