bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular Risk in a Spanish Population of Bipolar Disorder Patients: Results from the BIMET Study [PW05-02]
Authors: Montes J.M. , Vieta E. , González-Pinto A. , Rejas-Gutiérrez J. , Mesa F. 
Published: March 2009

Purpose:To estimate the 10-years coronary heart disease and cardiovascular mortality risks in a Spanish population of bipolar disorder (BD) patients.Methods:BIMET study is a 12-month, prospective, multicentre, naturalistic study which enrolled type I or II BD patients according to DSM-IV TR criteria. A fasting blood sample was drawn to evaluate glucose, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides. Weight, height, waist circumference at the umbilicus and blood pressure were also recorded. Framinghan and SCORE functions were used to calculate the 10-year risk for coronary hearth disease or cardiovascular death respectively.Results:A total of 320 and 417 patients, mean age 46.3 (13.0) years, were included for the Framingham and SCORE calculations respectively. The overall mean (standard deviation) risk for coronary heart disease was 7.3% (7.8) according to Framingham algorithm, with 6.3% of patients classified as having a high risk of coronary disease (Framingham higher than 10%). The mean overall risk for cardiovascular mortality was 1.2% (2.4) according to SCORE algorithm, with 6.5% of patients falling within the high cardiovascular mortality risk segment; SCORE higher than 5%. No statistically significant differences were observed between type I and II patients.Conclusion:This study reflects a substantial risk for cardiovascular events or mortality in a Spanish cohort of bipolar disorder patients. Results were comparable to those seen in subject with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Therefore, an effort for controlling all cardiovascular risk factors in bipolar disorder patients should be carried out by clinicians and health decision makers.
Bipolar Disorder (BD) and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) Comorbidty or Varied Episodes in the Same Disorder [PW05-03]
Authors: Oral E. , Ozan E. , Deveci E. , Aydın N. , Kirpinar I. 
Published: March 2009

Previous studies have suggested that OCD has comorbidity with bipolar disorder (BD) (1,2). We evaluated the three bipolar OCD cases.C1: Because of the OCD symptoms Chlomipramine was started. Her OCD symptoms improved in several days but manic symptoms was apeeared, switched to Lithium Carbonate. In her out patient exams, manic and obsessive compulsive symptoms were almost never observed simultaneously at the course.C2: In 2003, her complaints started as combined OCD and Manic symptoms, Risperidon and Lithium carbonate were started, manic and OCD symptoms improved. In 2005, OCD and Depressive symptoms appeared together. She got improved with Lithium Carbonate and Chlomipramine. She had one episode with obsessive and manic symptoms or obsessive and depressive symptoms every year till now. Her uncle had Depression and her aunt had Bipolar disorder.C3: Because of his OCD symptoms we prescribed SSRI and lower dose antipsychotic. At that time he hospitalized for his manic symptoms, his OCD was partially remitted. His manic symptoms improved with Lithium carbonate1200p/d. He had resistant obsessive compulsive symptoms and episodic manic symptoms. His father had M. Depressive episodes.Conclusion:Our cases suggest that bipolar OCD has episodic course, treatment resistant symtomatology, high family loading and high frequency of recurrence.
Does Gender have any Effect on the Neurophycological Damage in Cocaine Addicts? [PW06-01]
Authors: Mangado E. Ochoa , Madoz-Gúrpide A. , Vadillo E. Salvador 
Published: March 2009

Records:Taking into account the differences on the basal cognitive performance, pattern of drug use, and the influence of menstrual cycle on cerebral blood flow and neuronal lost, it is expected to find differences on the neuropsychological damage resulting of chronic cocaine use according to the patient's gender.Objetive:To know about the influence of the gender factor on the neurophycological damage as a result of chronic use of cocaine.Experiment and method:Using a neurophicological assessment battrery (digit (WAIS-III), Trail Making, Card's, Zoo's (BADS), and Wisconsin Card test), we compare the performance between males (N= 19) and females (N= 5). This assessment is part of a wider observatory prospective study with a control group, to study neurophycology damage caused by the cronic consumption of cocaine (Proyect MSC-2005/465 (DGPNSD).Results:The mean age on our sample is 36.0 years (ds: 6.3); mean of schooling time was 8.4 years. 83.3% consume cocaine daily, but only 12.5% injected intravenously. The average of daily cocaine consumption is 1.5 gr (ds: 1.3). 87.5% use also other illegal substances.No statistically significant differences were found between the two groups in any of the tests applied. The adjustment was made considering different patterns of drug use, schooling time and other variables. In the others analysis of the same tests in the group control neither did no find any different evidence in gender factor.Conclusions:Differences according to gender could not be found. On the statistical adjustment, pattern of cocaine use and previous cognitive function were considered.
F2695: A New Therapeutic Potential for Major Depression. A Phase II Double-blind Randomised Trial Results
Authors: Mansuy L. 
Published: March 2009

F2695 is a novel antidepressant exerts simultaneous noradrenergic and serotoninergic neurotransmitter effects.F2695 SR was administered in patients with Major Depression in a randomized, multinational, double-blind, placebo-controlled 10-week study, assessing the efficacy and safety of F2695 SR progressive titration safety adapted doses from 75 mg to 100 mg od, in out-patients with Major Depressive Disorders. The 563 randomized patients fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for Major Depressive Disorders and presented moderate or severe Major Depressive Disorders. Efficacy analysis found a significant difference between F2695 and placebo in favour of the active treatment in term of a significantly greater improvement in MADRS total score with F2695 compared with placebo (p< 0.0001). In addition, significantly more patients achieved MADRS response (a decrease in total score equal or superior to 50%) and MADRS remission (defined as a total score inferiorior to10) in the F2695 group than in the placebo group such an effect being usually not seen on this measure in the relatively short time span of a ten-week study. At the doses tested, F2695 was effective from early in the treatment (week 2) and the difference in efficacy compared with placebo increased steadily throughout the study.The severity to entry in this study was relatively high and the mean MADRS entry score was 31, about 40% of patients were in the severe category of depression.This study: provided evidence of the efficacy of F2695 in major depression population. Therapeutic effect was sustained in term of effect-size, responders and remissions rate, in front of placebo.
Who Gets how much Care in Psychiatric Outpatient Clinics and Why? [PW08-04]
Authors: Wedegaertner F. , Holler G. , Emrich H.M. 
Published: March 2009

Aims:German psychiatric outpatient clinics have been established to treat the sickest among outpatients. They receive a lump sum per patient and quarter. This reimbursement is currently under scrutiny, because it can act as a disincentive for the care-givers and to the disadvantage of the patients. It was the aim of this study to elucidate the connections between individual aspects and concerns of the patients and the amount of care administered.Method:Clients of one of the largest health insurers, who visited a preselected outpatient clinic were followed for six months (p=339). All treatment activities were logged individually. Relevant sociodemographic data, the diagnoses, the individual needs and idiosyncracies, the course of the symptoms and case history were noted. Associations between the factors and utilization were tested by ANOVA and multiple linear regression models.Results:The regression model with the best fit (r²=0,48, p< 0,001) included five variables. Lower utilization is associated with living in nursing home (ß=-0,378; p< 0,001), higher age (ß=-0,273; p< 0,001), legal incapacity (ß=-0,306,p=0,002) and lower social functioning (ß=-0,187; p=0,033); higher utilization with inpatient days prior to outpatient treatment (ß=0,168; p=0,015). Treatment aims, isolated functional deficits, diagnoses and graveness of symptoms did not have a significant influence.Conclusions:Outpatient clinics should address the needs of younger patients with the aspiration of an independent life despite of a grave psychiatric disorder. Treatments administered to nursing-home inhabitants are much less complex, although these patients are even sicker. A corresponding reallocation of financial resources is suggested.
Evidence Supporting the Historical Context for Current Views on Unmet need in Child and Adolescent Mental Health [PW08-05]
Authors: Wilkes T.C.R. , Cawthorpe D. 
Published: March 2009

Objective:In over 60 years little has changed in children's mental health and the flag waving continues: It is time for action in the trenches. It is imperative to focus health policy on the need to provide basic mental health succor to children and their families. A failure to alter the situation related to children's mental health will no doubt have catastrophic consequences for our society. We review the level of progress made in reforming regional mental health services since 2002.Methods:Using population-based representation of regional service utilization capacity permits comparison of regional, provincial and national rates of child and adolescent mental disorder.Results:Regional services in the last 6 years have served at most approximately 1% of the 0-18 year old population annually. This rate represents an increase from about 0.6% in 2002.Conclusions:Rationing the scant professional resources that exist to serve children's mental health will become increasingly difficult. For example, it is estimated that three percent of 0-18 year-olds are estimated to suffer a debilitating mental problem. Implication for policy are that our results point to service gaps in need of immediate policy development to meet basic needs of children. Several strategies are considered.
Improving the Diagnosis of Fibromyalgia (FM) in Europe: Identification of Factors that Aid in the Detection of FM [PW09-01]
Authors: Serra E. , Perrot S. , Guillemin I. , Barbosa C. Dias , Arnould B. , Baron R. 
Published: March 2009

Aim:Prior to facing the challenges of FM management, an initial diagnosis must be made. To guide general practitioners (GPs) in the early detection of FM in Europe, we developed an easy-to-use screening tool specific to FM.Method:A European multidisciplinary expert group was constituted with the aim of providing clinical expertise, defining methodology, and identifying key issues around the detection of FM. Three conceptual models describing factors that may contribute to the identification of FM patients were derived from; a) a comprehensive literature review, 2) clinician focus groups (N=6), and 3) face-to-face interviews with German, French, and English-speaking patients (N=29) conducting by psychologists to explore their attitudes and perceptions of the disease. A FM screening tool was developed in all three languages and tested for comprehension and applicability in FM-diagnosed and FM-suspected patients.Results:The models derived from the literature, clinician focus groups, and FM patient interviews showed high consistency. The resulting FM screening tool is comprised of 14 questions that describe patients’ pain, fatigue, associated symptoms, impact on everyday life, personal history, and attitudes towards their FM.Conclusion:Based on this qualitative study, the detection of FM is likely to require the assessment of multiple psychological factors in addition to symptoms, including patient reporting of personal history and patient behaviour. The quantitative validation of these findings is currently underway.
Neurobiological and Clinical Predictors of Impulsivity in Bulimia Nervosa [PW09-03]
Authors: Vaz Leal F.J. , Santos L. Rodríguez , Fuentes M.I. Ramos , Moreno M.J. Cardoso , Sánchez N. Fernández 
Published: March 2009

Objective:The main aim of this study was to analyze the association between a set of neurobiological/clinical factors and impulsivity in patients suffering from bulimia nervosa, as well as the capability of this factors to predict the severity of impulsivity.Methods:The Impulsive Behaviors Scale (IBS), the Diagnostic Interview for Bordeline Patients - Revised (DIB-R), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Millon Multiaxial Clinical Inventory (MMCI-II) and the Family Environment Scale (FES) were applied to 70 female patients with DSM-IV BN (purging subtype). Twenty-four hour urinary excretion of norepinephrine (NE), 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG), serotonin (5-HT), 5-hydroxi-indol-acetic acid (5-HIAA), dopamine (DA), homovallinic acid (HVA), and morning serum cortisol levels before and after the administration of 1 mg of dexamethasone were determined.Results:Impulsivity was associated to lower levels of urinary 5-HT and 5-HIAA, borderline features, and lower family expressed emotion.Conclusions:The consideration of impulsivity as a core clinical feature in patients with bulimia nervosa could lead us to identify clinical subtypes of patients, with specific clinical profiles and specific treatment needs.
How to Improve the Visibility of Research in the Countries from the ‘scientific Periphery’: A ‘case Study’ [PW10-01]
Authors: Kulenovic A. Dzubur , Puljak L. , Ivanis A. , Vukojevic K. , Zaletel-Kragelj L. , Donev D. 
Published: March 2009

Case history and symptoms:Small number of prestigious scientific journals publishes most of the world's scientific information. Although scientists in developing countries represent 25% of the world's scientific community national journals from this "scientific periphery" are poorly visible: the Science Citation Index (SCI) included less than 2% of these journals in 1995.Clinical presentation:A vicious cycle of inadequacy for these journals: small number and poor quality of manuscripts submitted, inadequate review process, and imperfect English prevents them from reaching higher visibility and eventually escaping form anonymity. Key problems seem to be poorly designed and unoriginal research, lack of knowledge of research methods and data presentation.Treatment:1.Teaching principles of scientific research in medical schools.2.Author-friendly editorial policy - a procedure where most of the articles received are pre-reviewed intramurally and improved by providing guidance to the authors, before being sent out for extramural review.3.Proactive board of editors - who seek interesting research and encourage researchers to communicate their results.4.Networking regional collaboration.Treatment outcome:In the case of Croatian Medical Journal (CMJ) that followed and partly developed the "treatment" described, such policy resulted in significant formal success - inclusion of CMJ in the most selective international indexing databases (MEDLINE, Current Contents and Web of Science), open access status, decent visibility and attention of researches (impact factor 1.2). The original, active and efficacious approach of the editors of CMJ will be analyzed in this presentation.
Family Characteristics and Children's Preschool Trajectories of Disruptive Behaviours
Authors: Carbonneau R. , Liu X. , Boivin M. , Tremblay R. 
Published: March 2009

Aim:The aim of this study was to investigate the association between parental characteristics and parental practices and the trajectories of Disruptive Behaviours (DBs) during early childhood.Method:Trajectories of DBs - Hyperactivity, Oppositional behaviour and Physical Aggression - were assessed based on annual mother interviews from 17 to 60 months for a Canadian population-representative birth cohort (N=2057).Results:Frequency of DBs increased from 17 to 41 months and then tended to decline. Parental characteristics and parental practices were both associated with chronic trajectories of DBs.Conclusion:Early childhood is a critical period to prevent later DBs during school years that leads to psychosocial maladjustment during adolescence and adulthood.
Systematic Review of National and International Guidelines on ADHD
Authors: de Seixas M.D. , Müller U. 
Published: March 2009

Introduction:ADHD is a well-established neurodevelopmental disorder affecting a significant population across the lifespan. Driven by the need to provide adequate clinical care, several national and international medical societies have published guidelines on ADHD. Our objectives were to compare the recommendations set out by these guidelines and their methodological quality.Methods:To meet the inclusion criteria the guidelines had to be published by national or international medical societies or governmental bodies and focus on diagnosis or management of ADHD. To assess their methodological quality we used the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research & Evaluation (AGREE) instrument.Results:We identified 13 guidelines on diagnosis and/or management of ADHD meeting our inclusion criteria. They represented the recommendations from 9 different bodies from 4 different countries and 1 European group. All guidelines made recommendations on both diagnosis and treatment. Seven made recommendations concerning children and adolescents, four are about ADHD in adulthood and two made brief comments on specific aspects of treatment in adulthood. All groups have used DSM-IV criteria but differed on their assessment recommendations to varying degrees. All of them recommended stimulants as the core of pharmacological treatment. Only one (NICE 2008) recommends specifically methylphenidate as the first-line treatment.Discussion:Most of the diagnostic and treatment recommendations are consistent across the guidelines with few but important exceptions. This may reflect differences of service provision and target audiences. Convergent recommendation of psychostimulant treatment and differences with respect to psychosocial interventions reflect the strength (and weakness) of underlying evidence.
Clinical and Neuropsychological Profile in a Sample of Brazilian Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorders (ADHD)
Authors: Rizzutti S. , Sinnes E.G. , Coelho L.F. , Freitas L. , Pinheiro D. , Palma S.M. , Miranda M.C. , Muszkat M. , Bueno O.F.A. 
Published: March 2009

The main objective of this study was to analyse the clinical and neuropsychological profile of a sample of Brazilian children with ADHD, in order to contribute for diagnostic procedures. Participants were 150 children aged 7 to 14 with complaints of attention difficulties and/or hyperactivity. They were assessed by a multidisciplinary team with a battery of neuropsychological tests.Results:75 children (55 male) fulfilled the criteria for ADHD: 35 of inattentive type, 28 of combined type and 12 hyperactive/impulsive. In addition, 33 (44%) of the children had comorbities. Children with higher scores for hyperactivity and impulsivity showed low performance in these working memory measures than those with other types. In the Conners’ Continuous Performance Test (CPT), a higher rate of omissions was found in the inattentive group. Children with comorbidity of oppositional desafiant disorder presented lower ISI and Hit RT scores in addition to higher rates of omission.Conclusion:This study suggests that neuropsychological profile in children with ADHD is associated to specific differences in working memory performance and also in specific measures of the CPT. In addition, better defined tests, involving not only attention and motor planning may determine different neuropsychological profiles and, consequently, different approaches in cognitive rehabilitation.
Children and Computers use: Social, Psychological and Academic Consequences
Authors: Chele G. , Chirita V. , Chirita R. , Stefanescu C. 
Published: March 2009

Numerous surveys have attempted to measure how frequently children use the computer at home. Few studies and inconsistent findings render uncertain whether using the computer has any influence on children's social outcomes. The only available review of this research concluded that there is no evidence that computer use is directly related to any psychological outcomes. Although benefits of computer use have been observed, they typically depend on a variety of factors (e.g., subject matter). The only cognitive outcome for which benefits have been consistently observed is visual-spatial skills. Computer gaming contributes to visual-spatial skills, at least when these skills are assessed immediately following the computer activity.Objective:The need for information about the effects of computers on their users also increases. The purpose of this study is to investigate how computers are use by children and adolescents. The second goal is to explore the beneficial and harmful effects of computers use on children's mental and physical health.Methodology:The studied group of samples comprised 69 subjects, aged between 13 and 18 years, who answered to a questionnaire. The parents of children answered too another questionnaire whit same subject.Results and conlusions:The results were obtained about computers use and identification pathological use. Some the children spend much time to computers, 4% more five hours/day. 41% of the parents believe that the usage computers are favorable to developmental children's mental and physical health and 49% of the parents don't believe that. We find approximately 3,5% of cases with pathological use.
The Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence in Lithuanian Adult Smokers
Authors: Dambrauskiene K. , Adomaitiene V. , Klumbiene J. , Petkeviciene J. , Veryga A. 
Published: March 2009

Nicotine dependence meets the criteria for a psychiatric diagnosis, and has been referred to as “the most prevalent, most deadly, most costly, yet most treatable of all psychiatric disorders”. Fagerström test for nicotine dependence is an instrument often used to assess nicotine dependence. In the last decade, the importance of the level of nicotine dependence and difficulties in cessation has been acknowledged. Therefore it is important to know the level of nicotine dependence for choosing nicotine replacement as a function of dose.Objective:The aim of the study was to evaluate nicotine dependence among Lithuanian adult smokers, according to gender, age, and former quit attempts.Methods:The study analyses data of Lithuanian adult population health behavior surveys, performed in period of 1994- 2006. For every survey the national random sample of 3000 inhabitants aged 20-64 was taken from the National Population Register. The study material was collected through mailed questionnaires covering smoking habits. Nicotine dependence was assessed with Fagerström test for nicotine dependence (FTND).Results:Among Lithuanian regular smokers aged 20-64 in both genders dominated low level of nicotine dependence (56, 9 % of smokers). High level of nicotine dependence was observed in 2, 4 % of smokers. The men presented higher dependence on nicotine than women. Older smokers presented higher dependence on nicotine than young smokers.