bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of climate change on surface winds in France using a statistical‐dynamical downscaling method with mesoscale modelling
Authors: Najac Julien , Lac Christine , Terray Laurent 
Published: January 2010

AbstractA statistical‐dynamical downscaling method is presented to estimate 10 m wind speed and direction distributions at high spatial resolutions using a weather type based approach combined with a mesoscale model. Daily 850 hPa wind fields (predictors) from ERA40 reanalysis and daily 10 m wind speeds and directions (predictands) measured at 78 meteorological stations over France are used to build and validate the downscaling algorithm over the period 1974–2002. First of all, the daily 850 hPa wind fields are classified into a large number of wind classes and one day is randomly chosen inside each wind class. Simulations with a non‐hydrostatic mesoscale atmospheric model are then performed for the selected days over three interactively nested domains over France, with finest horizontal mesh size of 3 km over the Mediterranean area. The initial and coupling fields are derived from the ERA40 reanalysis. Finally, the 10 m wind distributions are reconstructed by weighting each simulation by the corresponding wind class frequency. Evaluation and uncertainty assessment of each step of the procedure is performed. This method is then applied for a climate change impact study: daily 850 hPa wind fields from 14 general circulation models of the CMIP3 multimodel dataset are used to determine evolutions in the frequency of occurrence of the wind classes and to assess the potential evolution of the wind resources in France. Two time periods are focused on: a historical period (1971–2000) from the climate of the twentieth century experiment and a future period (2046–2065) from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) experiment. Evolution of the 10 m winds in France and associated uncertainties are discussed. Significant changes are depicted, in particular a decrease of the wind speed in the Mediterranean area. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society
Effects of tensile strain and fluid flow on osteoarthritic human chondrocyte metabolism in vitro
Authors: Mawatari Taro , Lindsey Derek P. , Harris Alex H.S. , Goodman Stuart B. , Maloney William J. , Smith Robert L. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThis study examined the hypothesis that tensile strain and fluid flow differentially influence osteoarthritic human chondrocyte metabolism. Primary high‐density monolayer chondrocytes cultures were exposed to varying magnitudes of tensile strain and fluid‐flow using a four‐point bending system. Metabolic changes were quantified by real‐time PCR measurement of aggrecan, IL‐6, SOX‐9, and type II collagen gene expression, and by determination of nitric oxide levels in the culture medium. A linear regression model was used to investigate the roles of strain, fluid flow, and their interaction on metabolic activity. Aggrecan, type II collagen, and SOX9 mRNA expression were negatively correlated to increases in applied strain and fluid flow. An effect of the strain on the induction of nitric oxide release and IL‐6 gene expression varied by level of fluid flow (and visa versa). This interaction between strain and fluid flow was negative for nitric oxide and positive for IL‐6. These results confirm that articular chondrocyte metabolism is responsive to tensile strain and fluid flow under in vitro loading conditions. Although the articular chondrocytes reacted to the mechanically applied stress, it was notable that there was a differential effect of tensile strain and fluid flow on anabolic and catabolic markers. © 2010 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 28:907–913, 2010
Activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) pathway in osteosarcoma cells and overexpression of phosphorylated‐Stat3 correlates with poor prognosis
Authors: Ryu Keinosuke , Choy Edwin , Yang Cao , Susa Michiro , Hornicek Francis J. , Mankin Henry , Duan Zhenfeng 
Published: January 2010

AbstractStat3 expression in cancer may have important prognostic and therapeutic value, but there has been no reports correlating Stat3 expression with prognosis in patients with osteosarcoma. The goal of this study is to correlate patient prognosis with the expression of Stat3 in osteosarcoma tissue and determine the effectiveness of blocking this pathway in osteosarcoma cell lines by Stat3 inhibitor, CDDO‐Me. We examine the expression levels of Stat3 and pStat3 in osteosarcoma cell lines and primary tissues by Western blot analysis. We also evaluate the levels of pStat3 expression in osteosarcoma tissue microarray (TMA) by immunohistochemistry. We use clinical data to determine the impact of levels of Stat3 expression on patient prognosis. Finally, we evaluated the effect of CDDO‐Me on the inhibition of activated Stat3 pathway in osteosarcoma cell lines using MTT assay and Western blot analysis. Stat3 is observed to be activated in osteosarcoma tissues as well as in cultured cell lines. Overexpression of pStat3 is associated with poor prognosis. CDDO‐Me inhibits the growth of osteosarcoma cell lines and induces apoptosis as well. Our results suggest that Stat3 may be a prognostic indicator and potential therapeutic target for osteosarcoma. Blocking the pathway of Stat3 may lead to develop new therapeutic strategies against osteosarcoma. © 2010 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 28:971–978, 2010
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors: Current management
Authors: Pisters Peter W.T. , Patel Shreyaskumar R. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractHerein, we review the current management of localized and advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). Although surgery remains the standard of care for patients with localized GIST, adjuvant imatinib can delay recurrence in some of these patients. In patients with advanced or metastatic disease, the standard of care is imatinib and surgery of residual masses is an option. Preoperative imatinib is an emerging treatment option for patients who require cytoreductive therapy. Sunitinib is a standard second‐line therapy. J. Surg. Oncol. 2010;102:530–538. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Chemical‐kinetic modeling of ignition delay: Considerations in interpreting shock tube data
Authors: Chaos Marcos , Dryer Frederick L. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractHigh‐pressure shock tube ignition delays have been and continue to be one of the key sources of data that are important to characterizing the combustion properties of real fuels. At pressures and temperatures of importance to practical applications, concerns have recently been raised as to the large differences observed between experimental data and chemical‐kinetic predictions using the common assumption that the shock tube behaves as a constant volume (V) system with constant internal energy (U). Here, a concise review is presented of phenomena that can considerably affect shock tube data at the extended test times (several milliseconds or longer) needed for the measurement of fuel/air ignition at practical conditions (i.e., high pressures and relatively low temperatures). These effects include fluid dynamic nonidealities as well as deflagrative processes typical of mild ignition events. Proposed modeling approaches that attempt to take into account these effects, by employing isentropic assumptions and pressure‐ and temperature‐varying systems, are evaluated and shown to significantly improve modeling results. Finally, it is argued that at the conditions of interest ignition delay data do not represent pure chemical‐kinetic observations but are affected by phenomena that are in some measure facility specific. This hampers direct cross comparison of the experimental ignition data collected in different venues. In such cases, pressure/temperature histories should be provided in order to properly interpret shock tube ignition data. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 42: 143–150, 2010
Determination of the rate coefficients of the SO2 + O + M → SO3 + M reaction
Authors: Hwang S. M. , Cooke J. A. , De Witt K. J. , Rabinowitz M. J. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractRate coefficients of the title reaction R31 (SO2 + O + M → SO3 + M) and R56 (SO2 + HO2→ SO3 + OH), important in the conversion of S(IV) to S(VI), were obtained at T = 970–1150 K and ρave = 16.2 μmol cm−3 behind reflected shock waves by a perturbation method. Shock‐heated H2/O2/Ar mixtures were perturbed by adding small amounts of SO2 (1%, 2%, and 3%) and the OH temporal profiles were then measured using laser absorption spectroscopy. Reaction rate coefficients were elucidated by matching the characteristic reaction times acquired from the individual experimental absorption profiles via simultaneous optimization of k31 and k56 values in the reaction modeling (for satisfactory matches to the observed characteristic times, it was necessary to take into account R56). In the experimental conditions of this study, R31 is in the low‐pressure limit. The rate coefficient expressions fitted using the combined data of this study and the previous experimental results are k31,0/[Ar] = 2.9 × 1035 T−6.0 exp(−4780 K/T) + 6.1 × 1024 T−3.0 exp(−1980 K/T) cm6 mol−2 s−1 at T = 300–2500 K; k56 = 1.36 × 1011 exp(−3420 K/T) cm3 mol−1 s−1 at T = 970–1150 K. Computer simulations of typical aircraft engine environments, using the reaction mechanism with the above k31,0 and k56 expressions, gave the maximum S(IV) to S(VI) conversion yield of ca. 3.5% and 2.5% for the constant density and constant pressure flow condition, respectively. Moreover, maximum conversions occur at rather higher temperatures (∼1200 K) than that where the maximum k31,0 value is located (∼800 K). This is because the conversion yield is dependent upon not only the k31,0 and k56 values (production flux) but also the availability of H, O, and HO2 in the system (consumption flux). © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.*This article is a U.S. Government work and, as such, is in the public domain of the United States of America.
Int J Chem Kinet 42: 168–180, 2010
The treatment of psychogenic movement disorders with suggestion is ethically justified
Authors: Shamy Michel C. F. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractRecent developments in our understanding of psychogenic movement disorders have not yet led to advances in treatment. A potentially beneficial treatment strategy is suggestion, the voluntary use by the physicians of techniques that introduce into the patient's mind a belief that he or she will be healed. Principalism, the dominant school of contemporary medical ethics, holds that the use of suggestion is not ethically justifiable because it undermines patient autonomy and degrades the doctor–patient relationship. However, evidence from a variety of sources (neuroimaging, anecdote, expert opinion, randomized controlled trials, and meta‐analysis) supports the efficacy of suggestion as a treatment for psychogenic movement disorders. When issues of choice, consent, deceit, disclosure, and decision‐making are analyzed from the perspective of an ethics of care, we see that suggestion may enhance patient autonomy and does not violate the trust between doctors and their patients. I conclude that suggestion is therefore an ethically justifiable treatment for patients with psychogenic movement disorders. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society
Parkinsonism in patients with a history of amphetamine exposure
Authors: Christine Chadwick W. , Garwood Elisabeth R. , Schrock Lauren E. , Austin Daniel E. , McCulloch Charles E. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractWe recently found a higher rate of prolonged amphetamine exposure in patients diagnosed with Parkinson's disease (PD) than in spouse/caregiver controls. Since distinguishing features have been described in some patients with parkinsonism due to environment exposures (e.g., manganese), we sought to compare the clinical features of patients with PD with prolonged amphetamine exposure with unexposed patients with PD. Prolonged exposure was defined as a minimum of twice a week for ≥3 months, or weekly use ≥1 year. We reviewed the clinical records of patients with PD who had participated in a telephone survey of drug and environmental exposures and compared the clinical features of patients with a history of prolonged amphetamine exposure to patients who had no such exposure. Records were available for 16 of 17 (94%) patients with prior amphetamine exposure and 127 of 137 (92%) of those unexposed. Age at diagnosis was younger in the amphetamine‐exposed group (49.8 ± 8.2 years vs. 53.1 ± 7.4 years; P < 0.05), but other features, including presenting symptoms, initial and later treatments, development of motor fluctuations, and MRI findings were similar between these groups. Because we did not detect clinical features that differentiate parkinsonism in patients with prolonged amphetamine exposure, research to determine whether amphetamine exposure is a risk factor for parkinsonism will require detailed histories of medication and recreational drug use. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society
Trihexyphenidyl for acute life‐threatening episodes due to a dystonic movement disorder in Rett syndrome
Authors: Gika Artemis D. , Hughes Elaine , Goyal Sushma , Sparkes Matthew , Lin Jean‐Pierre 
Published: January 2010

AbstractIn Rett syndrome (RS), acute life‐threatening episodes (ALTEs) are usually attributed to epilepsy or autonomic dysfunction but they can represent a movement disorder (MD). We describe three girls with RS who experienced ALTEs from an early age. These were long considered epileptic until video‐EEG in Patients 1 and 3 revealed their non‐epileptic nature. A primary dystonic mechanism was suspected and Patients 1 and 2 were treated with Trihexyphenidyl with significantly reduced frequency of the ALTEs. Patient 3 died before Trihexyphenidyl was tried. Trihexyphenidyl in RS patients with similar presentations can modify the dystonia and prevent ALTEs. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society
Millimeter‐wave CMOS power amplifier based on tapered device sizing for high efficiency using standard digital CMOS
Authors: Lee Jong‐Wook , Lee Seong‐Gwon 
Published: January 2010

AbstractA high‐efficiency Q‐band CMOS power amplifier was fabricated using a 0.13 μm standard CMOS process with six layers of copper metallization.To achieve high efficiency, a tapered device sizing technique was employed with a common‐source transistor rather than a cascode configuration. Using tapered device sizing, DC power consumption was reduced by using small size transistors in the driver stage while maintaining the overall amplifier gain and output power. Therefore, a good figure of merit including high efficiency was obtained. The amplifier achieved a 15.2 dB small‐signal gain, 7.5 dBm output power, and 9.2% power‐added‐efficiency at 36.5 GHz in a compact chip area of 0.3 mm2. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52: 514–518, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24958
Compact quintplexer module with passive triplexer for US‐CDMA handset applications
Authors: Cheon Seong J. , Park Jae Y. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractIn this article, compact quintplexer modules with a passive triplexer circuit were newly designed, implemented, compared for US‐CDMA handset applications.The proposed passive triplexer circuit was comprised of a single diplexer, parallel resonant circuit, bandpass filter for GPS, and its impedance matching circuit. Although the number of passive components to comprise the proposed triplexer and its size were dramatically reduced, its performance characteristics were much better than the previously reported modules. Moreover, for realization of compact quintplexer module with small size and volume, FBAR filter bare chips and system in package technology were utilized instead of an US‐PCS packaged duplexer. Its excellent performances were good enough to directly apply for currently used handsets. Simulated and measured performance characteristics of fabricated triplexer and quintplexer module were well agreed. The fabricated quintplexer module had a 7.0 × 5.0 × 1.4 mm3 volume. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52: 540–543, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24959
A novel tunable dual‐band low noise amplifier for 868/915 MHz and 2.4 GHz Zigbee application by CMOS technology
Authors: Xuan Kai , Fung Tsang Kim , Ching Lee Wah 
Published: January 2010

AbstractA dual‐band (868/915 MHz and 2.4 GHz) low noise amplifier for Zigbee applications is designed using 0.35‐μm CMOS technology.At 868/915 MHz and 2.4 GHz, the gains achieved are both 16 dB and the resulting noise figures are about 2.5 dB and 2.7 dB, respectively. The input and the output reflections are below −10 dB in both bands. The amplifier works at 2.5 V supply voltage with 12 mA current dissipation. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52: 507–510, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24964
Excellent sensitivity 64.8‐GHz CMOS injection‐locked frequency divider with 10.2‐GHz locking range
Authors: Chen Chang‐Zhi , Chen Tsung‐Yen , Lin Yo‐Sheng , Huang Guo‐Wei 
Published: January 2010

AbstractA low‐power and wide‐locking‐range 64.8‐GHz injection‐locked frequency‐divider (ILFD) using standard 0.13 μm CMOS technology is reported. To enhance the locking range, a shunt inductor was introduced in the source node of the cross‐coupled transistor pair to maximize the equivalent load impedance of the tail transistor, i.e., to maximize the internal power, over the frequency band of interest. In addition, the inductors and capacitors of the LC‐tank were implemented by low‐Q micro‐stripline inductors and high‐Q varactors, respectively, to further improve the locking range of the ILFD. The result shows that a wide locking‐range of 10.2 GHz (from 54.6 GHz to 64.8 GHz (17%)), covering the 57–64‐GHz ultra‐wideband (UWB) set aside by FCC of USA, was achieved. The ILFD can be operated at an input power of −60 dBm. To the authors' knowledge, this is the best input sensitivity ever reported for a 60‐GHz‐band CMOS divider. The power consumption of the ILFD was only 3.39 mW from a 1 V power supply. The chip area was only 0.9 × 0.73 mm2 excluding the test pads. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52: 518–523, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24970
Wideband cross‐coupled filter using defected stepped impedance resonator
Authors: Wu Bian , Lai Xin , Su Tao , Liang Chang‐Hong 
Published: January 2010

AbstractA novel wideband cross‐coupled band‐pass filter based on defected stepped impedance resonator (DSIR) is presented in this article. Although the DSIR has opposite impedance characteristic and field distribution to the microstrip SIR, its resonant property is similar to the latter. The internal coupling coefficients of DSIRs are found to be large enough for the wideband filter design. A four‐pole, cross‐coupled band‐pass filter with f0 = 1.6 GHz and FBW = 12% is designed and fabricated using the folded DSIR. Experimental result has good agreement with the simulation. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52: 558–561, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24972
A compact ultra‐wide stopband, low insertion loss, and sharp cutoff low‐pass filter
Authors: Fu Shu‐Hong , Tong Chuang‐Ming , Li Xi‐Min , Shen Kai 
Published: January 2010

AbstractA novel compact microstrip low‐pass filter (LPF) with ultra‐wide stopband, low insertion loss, and sharp cutoff is introduced in this letter. The LPF is composed of a stepped‐impedance hairpin resonator, a square split‐ring resonator, defected ground structure (DGS), and a pair of coupled DGSs with compensated microstrip lines. Measured results show that the 10‐dB stopband is up to 19.62 GHz, passband loss is below 0.5 dB, and the selectivity of the filter is more than 180 dB/GHz, but its occupied area is only 20 × 35 mm2. It can be widely used for higher harmonics suppression for wideband microwave applications. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52: 568–570, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24976
Compact high performance dielectric disk antenna for WiMAX application
Authors: Ivanchenko Igor V. , Khruslov Maksym M. , Popenko Nina A. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe simulation and measurement results relative to the radiation characteristics of dielectric disk antennas with the axial‐symmetric excitation are presented. The compact dielectric disk antenna with the −10 dB impedance bandwidth of Δf = 4.1 GHz and mono‐beam radiation pattern is manufactured and tested. The excitation more than one resonances and formation of the multi‐beam radiation pattern for antenna with substrate radius rs > 45 mm is explained by the appearance of standing waves along the substrate radius. The choice of relation between the dielectric disk radius and substrate height allows for designing a set of antennas operating from f = 5–21.77 GHz. At that the bandwidth and gain of antennas are changed within the limits 1.6 < Δf < 2.7 GHz and 4 < G < 6 dBi, respectively. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52: 580–584, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24980
Loss characteristics of coplanar waveguide transmission lines fabricated with copper nanoparticles
Authors: Lee Hee‐Jo , Seo Shanghoon , Yun Kwansoo , Joung Jae Woo , Yook Jong‐Gwan 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThis article investigates the high frequency characteristics of coplanar waveguide (CPW) lines fabricated with inkjet‐printing technology on BT substrates. The optimal metallic thickness of a printed CPW line is approximately estimated to be 3 μm. When printed lines with higher electrical conductivity are realized through additional surface preparation steps, the findings of this study suggest that the RF performance level of these printed lines will be comparable to that of the copper clad laminate lines in the microwave frequency region. Finally, aspects of such improvements as well as applications of these types of printed lines are discussed. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52: 780–782, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24987
A novel hybrid planar SIW magic tee and monopulse antenna
Authors: Liu Minggang , Feng Zhenghe 
Published: January 2010

AbstractIn this article, a novel planar substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) magic Tee is proposed, and the magic Tee is implemented in a monopulse antenna design. Although the E arm is lain down, the magic Tee is of good performance. The magic Tee is used in a monopulse SIW slot array, and the beam pattern is measured. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52: 686–689, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24990
Discrete diffraction in two‐dimensional transmission line metamaterials
Authors: Bhat Harish S. , Osting Braxton 
Published: January 2010

AbstractWe describe the efficient and accurate numerical solution of propagation problems in composite and dual‐composite right/left‐handed metamaterials using a discrete diffraction formula based on lattice Green's functions. For both metamaterials and for physically realizable parameters, we find that the observed diffraction patterns depend strongly on the temporal input frequency. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52: 721–725, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24991