bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Definitions of Suffixed Loanwords in Dictionaries of Foreign Words in Slovak
Authors: Panocová Renáta 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Dictionaries of foreign words in Slovak have a tradition of publication that can be traced for more than one hundred years. Their popularity among users is closely connected to a general interest in so-called language cultivation, which includes a good knowledge of frequently used words of non-native origin. Here, special attention will be paid to suffixed loanwords. In the case of larger sets of loanwords with the same suffix, speakers recognize their similarity and regularity. The central aim of this paper is to investigate how the lexicographic representation of suffixed loanwords in Slovak dictionaries of foreign words developed in the past one hundred years. The analysis focuses on a set of loanwords with three non-native suffixes, namely -ácia (‘-ation’), -izmus (‘-ism’), and -ita (‘-ity’), each of which stands in competition with a corresponding native suffix. It was investigated how the emergence of a competing variant with a native suffix attached to the same foreign base influences the information given by dictionaries. For the analysis, I used five dictionaries of foreign words in Slovak published between 1939 and 2005. Based on a sample of entries from these dictionaries, I distinguish four types of dictionary definitions used to describe suffixed loanwords. Then I propose a model explaining the historical and logical relationships between these four definition types.
Subanesthetic Ketamine Suppresses Locus Coeruleus–Mediated Alertness Effects: A 7T fMRI Study
Authors: Liebe Thomas , Danyeli Lena Vera , Sen Zümrüt Duygu , Li Meng , Kaufmann Jörn , Walter Martin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
The NMDA antagonist S-ketamine is gaining increasing use as a rapid-acting antidepressant, although its exact mechanisms of action are still unknown. In this study, we investigated ketamine in respect to its properties toward central noradrenergic mechanisms and how they influence alertness behavior.

Methods
We investigated the influence of S-ketamine on the locus coeruleus (LC) brain network in a placebo-controlled, cross-over, 7T functional, pharmacological MRI study in 35 healthy male participants (25.1 ± 4.2 years) in conjunction with the attention network task to measure LC-related alertness behavioral changes.

Results
We could show that acute disruption of the LC alertness network to the thalamus by ketamine is related to a behavioral alertness reduction.

Conclusion
The results shed new light on the neural correlates of ketamine beyond the glutamatergic system and underpin a new concept of how it may unfold its antidepressant effects.
Stratification in drying films: diffusiophoresis driven by nanoparticles and their counterions
Authors: Rees-Zimmerman Clare R , Routh Alexander F 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Recent experimental work has highlighted that electrolyte-driven diffusiophoresis is likely to be the most significant phoretic motion in a mixture of silica nanoparticles and relatively large latex particles, which are commonly used in coatings. In this work, this diffusiophoretic effect, powered by gradients in the nanoparticles and their stabilizing cations, is modelled in drying films. A continuum hydrodynamic model is derived, and the resulting partial differential equations solved numerically. An asymptotic solution is found for high evaporation rate. It is found that the final film structure is governed by the relative magnitudes of the diffusive and diffusiophoretic terms. Two methods are discovered to control the resulting stratification: (i) setting the surface charge on the particles, and (ii) setting the background salt concentration. Either of these can be used to select either small- or large-on-top stratification or a homogenous film. The diffusiophoretic term promotes small-on-top stratification, and so may account for experimental observations of accumulated small particles at the top surface of dried films.
Asymptotic Insights for Projection, Gordon–Lewis, and Sidon Constants in Boolean Cube Function Spaces
Authors: Defant A , Galicer D , Mansilla M , Mastyło M , Muro S 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The main aim of this work is to study important local Banach space constants for Boolean cube function spaces. Specifically, we focus on $\mathcal{B}_{\mathcal{S}}^{N}$, the finite-dimensional Banach space of all real-valued functions defined on the $N$-dimensional Boolean cube $\{-1, +1\}^{N}$ that have Fourier–Walsh expansions supported on a fixed family $\mathcal{S}$ of subsets of $\{1, \ldots , N\}$. Our investigation centers on the projection, Sidon, and Gordon–Lewis constants of this function space. We combine tools from different areas to derive exact formulas and asymptotic estimates of these parameters for special types of families $\mathcal{S}$ depending on the dimension $N$ of the Boolean cube and other complexity characteristics of the support set $\mathcal{S}$. Using local Banach space theory, we establish the intimate relationship among these three important constants.
Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Remdesivir in Pregnant and Nonpregnant Women With COVID-19: Results From IMPAACT 2032
Authors: Brooks Kristina M , Baltrusaitis Kristin , Clarke Diana F , Nachman Sharon , Jao Jennifer , Purswani Murli U , Agwu Allison , Beneri Christy , Deville Jaime G , Powis Kathleen M , Stek Alice M , Eke Ahizechukwu C , Shapiro David E , Capparelli Edmund , Greene Elizabeth , George Kathleen , Yin Dwight E , Jean-Philippe Patrick , Chakhtoura Nahida , Bone Frederic , Bacon Kira , Johnston Benjamin , Reding Christina , Kersey Kathryn , Humeniuk Rita , Best Brookie M , Mirochnick Mark , Momper Jeremiah D ,   IMPAACT 2032 Study Team, Lartey Emanuela , Kalra Rohit , Yee Lynn , Stewart James Etta , Cavallo Martha , Baig Mirza , Collinson-Streng Aleisha , Anderson Thuy , Addison Bonnie , Chakraborty Barsha , Avila Cecilia , Caso Giuseppe , Janzen Carla , Carter Michele F , Paul Mary , Eser-Jose Ruth , Pontifes Mariam , Jackson Chivon McMullen , Gomez Nicolette , Alvarez Grace , Mitchell Charles , Potter JoNell , Badell Martina L , Jordan-Thompson Sierra , Floyd Riaun , Thomas-Seaton LaTeshia , Weinberg Adriana , Curran-Hays Shane , Kwon Christine , Glenny Carrie , Aziz Mariam , McNichols Maureen 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Pregnant people with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) experience higher risk for severe disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes, but no pharmacokinetic (PK) data exist to support dosing of COVID-19 therapeutics during pregnancy. We report PK and safety data for intravenous remdesivir in pregnancy.

Methods
IMPAACT 2032 was a phase 4 prospective, open-label, nonrandomized opportunistic study of hospitalized pregnant and nonpregnant women receiving intravenous remdesivir as part of clinical care. Intensive PK sampling was performed on infusion days 3, 4, or 5 with collection of plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Safety data were recorded from first infusion through 4 weeks after last infusion and at delivery. Geometric mean ratios (GMR) (90% confidence intervals [CI]) of PK parameters between pregnant and nonpregnant women were calculated.

Results
Fifty-three participants initiated remdesivir (25 pregnant; median gestational age, 27.6 weeks; interquartile range, 24.9–31.0 weeks). Plasma exposures of remdesivir, its 2 major metabolites (GS-704277 and GS-441524), and the free remdesivir fraction were similar between pregnant and nonpregnant participants. Concentrations of the active triphosphate (GS-443902) in PBMCs increased 2.04-fold (90% CI, 1.35–3.03) with each additional infusion in nonpregnant versus pregnant participants. Three adverse events in nonpregnant participants were related to treatment (1 grade 3; 2 grade 2 resulting in treatment discontinuation). There were no treatment-related adverse pregnancy outcomes or congenital anomalies detected.

Conclusions
Plasma remdesivir PK parameters were comparable between pregnant and nonpregnant women, and no safety concerns were identified based on our limited data. These findings suggest no dose adjustments are indicated for intravenous remdesivir during pregnancy.

Clinical Trials Registration
NCT04582266.
Impact of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α on Host Immune Metabolism and Tissue Damage During Mycobacterium bovis Infection
Authors: Nan Yue , Wang Yuanzhi , Dong Yuhui , Liu Yiduo , Ge Xin , Chen Yulan , Long Meizhen , Zhou Xiangmei 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is a pivotal regulator of metabolic and inflammatory responses. This study investigated the role of HIF-1α in Mycobacterium bovis infection and its effects on host immune metabolism and tissue damage. We evaluated the expression of immunometabolism markers and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in cells infected with M. bovis, and following HIF-1α inhibition in vitro. To understand the implications of HIF-1α inhibition on disease progression, mice at different infection stages were treated with the HIF-1α inhibitor, YC-1. Our results revealed an upregulation of HIF-1α in macrophages after M. bovis infection, facilitating enhanced M1 macrophage polarization. Blockade of HIF-1α moderated these responses but escalated MMP activity, hindering bacterial control. Consistent with our in vitro results, early-stage treatment of mice with YC-1 aggravated pathological alterations and tissue damage, while late-stage HIF-1α inhibition proved beneficial in managing the disease. Our findings underscored the nuanced role of HIF-1α across different phases of M. bovis infection.
The Spirit of the Pluriverse: Africana Spirit-Based Epistemologies and Interepistemic Thinking
Authors: Wumkes Jake 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this article, I argue that interepistemic thinking is characteristic of Africana spirit-based epistemologies and that such thinking is essential to the construction of the pluriverse. I demonstrate that the spiritual basis of many Africana epistemologies facilitates interepistemic thinking and the making of a more equitable, functional, and healthy “modernity.” This is despite narratives of modernity, such as that of Max Weber, that are embedded in a secular-rationalist ideology, which tend to mark spirituality as an invalid means of accessing, representing, or (re)producing truth, marking it as “primitive,” destined to disappear, and as incompatible with the so-called modern world. For this reason, decoloniality as it applies to an analysis of Africana spirit-based epistemologies must demonstrate the limited, Eurocentric nature of the secular-rationalist paradigm. I support these arguments through an analysis of the role of interepistemic thinking in the spirit-based epistemologies apparent in what are commonly referred to as African diasporic religions. In doing so, I will also offer a critical perspective on the application of religion as a conceptual category to the realities of the peoples of the African diaspora, following important recent scholarship in the study of religion. I will begin with a review of the nature of the pluriverse and a brief description of Nelson Maldonado-Torres’s (2008) critique of secularism, followed by an analysis of interepistemic thinking as it can be observed within Africana spirit-based epistemologies, and conclude with an explanation of how this may inform a critical reconsideration of the epistemic bases that undergird the modern/colonial world system.
Testing for protonitazene in human hair using LC–MS-MS
Authors: Kintz Pascal , Ameline Alice , Gheddar Laurie , Pichini Simona , Mazoyer Cédric , Teston Katy , Aknouche Frédéric , Maruejouls Christophe 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Protonitazene is a synthetic benzimidazole opioid of the nitazenes class, developed in the 1950s as an effective analgesic, but never released on the market due to severe side effects and possible dependence. Despite its increasing use as a new psychoactive substance starting in 2019, its detection in human hair of intoxicated and deceased consumers has never been reported. We present the development and validation of a specific procedure to identify protonitazene in hair by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Drugs were incubated overnight at 40°C in 1 mL borate buffer, pH 9.5 with 20 mg pulverized hair and 1 ng/mg fentanyl-d5 used as internal standard. Drugs were then extracted with a mixture of organic solvents. The chromatographic separation was performed using an HSS C18 column with a 15-min gradient elution. Linearity was verified from 1 to 100 pg/mg. The limit of detection was estimated at 0.1 pg/mg. No interference was noted from a large panel of natural and synthetic opioids, fentanyl derivatives, or other new synthetic opioids. Protonitazene was identified at 70 and &gt;7600 pg/mg in the whole head hair specimens of two male subjects deceased from an acute drug overdose in jail. Protonitazene was also identified at 14 and 54 pg/mg in two living co-prisoners. As nitazenes represent a growing threat to public health in various parts of the world, this method was developed in response to the challenges posed by the identification of this class of substances.
Passive seismic monitoring of an injection-production process in an oilfield using reverse time imaging
Authors: Yuan Runbi , Zou Zhihui , Xu Song , Kuang Wenhuan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Monitoring underground fluid migration caused by injection/production processes is crucial for guiding petroleum exploitation in mature oilfields and ultimately enhancing petroleum production. In this paper, we propose a time-lapse reverse time imaging (RTI) to dynamically monitor the injection/production processes within oilfield. By using RTI to track microseimicities at different time periods, we can analyze the relationship between injection/production activities and the spatiotemporal changes in microseismic distribution. The inferred relationship enables the time-lapse RTI to infer fluid migration patterns within oil reservoirs. To assess the accuracy and spatiotemporal resolution of the time-lapse RTI, we conducted numerical experiments to evaluate the imaging quality under different microseismic distribution scenarios. In addition, we assessed the method's stability under low signal-to-noise ratio conditions. Numerical results indicate that the time-lapse RTI can effectively distinguish the spatiotemporal variations of seismic swarms at depths of 0.5 kilometers within the target layer, even in the presence of strong noise. Practical applications show a significant correlation between changes in swarm distribution surrounding reservoirs and fluctuations in oil production. Using time-lapse RTI enables real-time monitoring of oilfield injection/production processes, thereby offering valuable insights for optimizing oilfield development and fostering future increases in petroleum production.
Eosinophil-derived extracellular vesicles: isolation and classification techniques and implications for disease pathophysiology
Authors: Rodrigo-Muñoz José Manuel , Gil-Martínez Marta , Naharro-González Sara , del Pozo Victoria 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Eosinophils are leukocytes characterized by their ability to release granule content that is highly rich in enzymes and proteins. Besides the antihelminthic, bactericidal, and antiviral properties of eosinophils and their secretory granules, these also play a prominent role in the pathophysiology of diseases such as asthma, eosinophilic esophagitis, and other hypereosinophilic conditions by causing tissue damage and airway hyperresponsiveness. Although this cell was first recognized mainly for its capacity to release granule content, nowadays other capabilities such as cytokine secretion have been linked to its physiology, and research has found that eosinophils are not only involved in innate immunity, but also as orchestrators of immune responses. Nearly 10 yr ago, eosinophil-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) were first described; since then, the EV field has grown exponentially, revealing their vital roles in intracellular communication. In this review, we synthesize current knowledge on eosinophil-derived EVs, beginning with a description of what they are and what makes them important regulators of disease, followed by an account of the methodologies used to isolate and characterize EVs. We also summarize current understanding of eosinophil-derived vesicles functionality, especially in asthma, the disease in which eosinophil-derived EVs have been most widely studied, describing how they modulate the role of eosinophils themselves (through autocrine signaling) and the way they affect airway structural cells and airway remodeling. Deeper understanding of this cell type could lead to novel research in eosinophil biology, its role in other diseases, and possible use of eosinophil-derived EVs as therapeutic targets.
BATF-dependent Th17 cells act through the IL-23R pathway to promote prostate adenocarcinoma initiation and progression
Authors: Liu Sen , Rivero Seleste L , Zhang Bing , Shen Keyi , Li Zixuan , Niu Tianhua , Rowan Brian G , Jazwinski S Michal , Abdel-Mageed Asim B , Steele Chad , Wang Alun R , Sartor Oliver , Zhang Qiuyang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
The role of Th17 cells in prostate cancer is not fully understood. The transcription factor BATF controls the differentiation of Th17 cells. Mice deficient in Batf do not produce Th17 cells.

Methods
In this study, we aimed to characterize the role of Batf-dependent Th17 cells in prostate cancer by crossbreeding Batf knockout mice with mice conditionally mutant for Pten.

Results
We found that Batf knockout mice had changes in the morphology of prostate epithelial cells compared with normal mice, and Batf knockout mice deficient in Pten (called Batf-) had smaller prostate size and developed fewer invasive prostate adenocarcinomas than Pten-deficient mice with Batf expression (called Batf+). The prostate tumors in Batf- mice showed reduced proliferation, increased apoptosis, decreased angiogenesis and inflammatory cell infiltration, and activation of nuclear factor–κB signaling. Moreover, Batf- mice showed significantly reduced interleukin 23 (IL-23)-IL-23R signaling. In the prostate stroma of Batf- mice, IL-23R–positive cells were decreased considerably compared with Batf+ mice. Splenocytes and prostate tissues from Batf- mice cultured under Th17 differentiation conditions expressed reduced IL-23/IL-23R than cultured cells from Batf+ mice. Anti–IL-23p19 antibody treatment of Pten-deficient mice reduced prostate tumors and angiogenesis compared with control immunoglobulin G–treated mice. In human prostate tumors, BATF messenger RNA level was positively correlated with IL-23A and IL-23R but not RORC.

Conclusion
Our novel findings underscore the crucial role of IL-23-IL-23R signaling in mediating the function of Batf-dependent Th17 cells, thereby promoting prostate cancer initiation and progression. This finding highlights the BATF–IL-23R axis as a promising target for the development of innovative strategies for prostate cancer prevention and treatment.
Multi-objective analysis of solid-state joints: Effect of tool pin shoulder clearance on thick dissimilar aluminum plates
Authors: Mishra Deepika , Prasad Ravi Shankar , Kumar Sudhir 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
Friction stir welding is a well-established technique developed extensively over the past two decades for various applications. This study investigates the effect of repositioning the tool pin shoulder (0.18 mm) above the surface of a 12 mm thick dissimilar aluminum alloy (AA6063-AA5083) on tensile strength, welding temperature, and micro-hardness. Trials were conducted according to the L9 Taguchi method and further simulated using ABAQUS software. The input parameters spindle speed, tool pin length, and traversing speed were each tested at three levels. The impact of these parameters on weld quality was analyzed using ANOVA. Optimization of the process to achieve the desired temperature and tensile strength was carried out using grey relational analysis for both experimental and simulated results. Mathematical models were generated using the multi-variable regression method and the response surface method (RSM). Predicted data from the RSM model were compared to experimental outcomes, revealing a maximum deviation of 8.69% for temperature and 5.17% for tensile strength. Furthermore, the study demonstrated that ABAQUS accurately simulates the friction stir welding process with an accuracy of up to 93.71%.
Intervention Effects in Mandarin Chinese—An Experimental Study
Authors: Jin Dawei , Yan Hanbo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This paper presents a formal judgment study of Mandarin intervention effects, that is, structures containing a wh-phrase c-commanded by a focus-sensitive or a quantificational expression. There has been significant disagreement in the literature regarding which type of wh-phrases gives rise to intervention, as well as which one among the c-commanding scopal operators is an intervener. There are competing empirical claims in the literature, which have to this day not been subject to experimental evaluation. The results of our study show that wh-nominals and wh-adverbials exhibit a similar pattern of degraded acceptability. Our results further show a clear distinction between why and other wh-phrases, favoring Ko’s (2005) idea that a separate, why-induced scope effect is disentangled from the garden-variety case of wh-intervention.
Effectiveness of nonpharmaceutical policy interventions in reducing population mobility during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Klingwort Jonas , Burger Joep , van den Brakel Jan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Nonpharmaceutical policy interventions (NPIs) are intended to reduce population mobility in mitigating the spread of COVID-19. This paper evaluates their effect on population mobility during the COVID-19 pandemic. State space models are applied to estimate the time-varying effects of NPI stringency on weekly pedestrian counts from location-based sensors installed before the pandemic. Different models are developed that evaluate compliance with NPIs over time, identify the most effective NPI, and identify regional differences. An efficient parsimonious alternative is proposed for the multivariate Seemingly Unrelated Time Series Equation model if full covariance matrices are of full rank. Kalman filter estimates of the regression coefficients show that NPI stringency initially had a negative effect on population mobility. The effect weakened during the pandemic, suggesting a reduced willingness to comply with regulations. Four of nine NPIs were identified as the most effective. The multivariate model confirmed the findings across federal states. This paper highlights how combining new data sources, routinely collected administrative data, and sound methodology fosters modern policy evaluation.