bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low‐dose hepatic computed tomography perfusion imaging and its preliminary study
Authors: WANG Wen Jing , ZHONG Liang , HUA Xiao Lan , FAN Yu , LI Lan , XU Jian Rong 
Published: March 2011

OBJECTIVE:  Computed tomography perfusion imaging (CTPI) is a rapid and non‐invasive functional imaging method that reflects hemodynamic changes of liver diseases. However, its large radiation dosage limits its clinical application. We aimed to evaluate the feasibility of low‐dose CTPI in normal liver and its preliminary application in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).METHODS:  CTPI was performed in 34 healthy volunteers randomly divided into three groups with different applications of tube current, including a conventional dose group, a median‐dose group and a low‐dose group. The perfusion parameters of each group were compared and a low‐dose CTPI was performed in 13 patients with HCC.RESULTS:  Relatively satisfying images and perfusion parameters of liver CTPI were acquired with the different tube currents. There were no significant differences between the parameters of the three groups (P > 0.05). The effective dosage of conventional, median and low‐dose liver CTPI were 19.62 mSv, 12.61 mSv, and 7.01 mSv, respectively. The radiation dosage of low‐dose liver CTPI was reduced to 64.27% compared with that of the conventional group. The hepatic blood flow, hepatic blood volume and hepatic perfusion index of HCC were higher than background liver parenchyma and normal liver.CONCLUSIONS:  Low‐dose liver CTPI obtained similar perfusion parameters result to that of the conventional‐dose, whereas the radiation dosage was reduced by 2/3. Low‐dose liver CTPI can reflect the hemodynamic change of HCC. Low‐dose liver CTPI has potential clinical value for diagnosis and differential diagnosis of liver diseases.
Solitary central myofibroma – report of a rare paediatric case
Authors: Jagannathan S. , Al‐Khalil M. , Darwish A.A. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractSolitary central myofibroma of the paediatric mandible is a rare tumour. Although benign, its clinical course can mimic a malignant tumour in addition to the possibility of it being misdiagnosed histologically. We report our experience in the diagnosis and management of this rare lesion in a 2‐year‐old child.
Gene discovery in the Antarctic fur seal (Arctocephalus gazella) skin transcriptome
Authors: HOFFMAN JOSEPH I. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractNext‐generation sequencing provides a powerful new approach for developing functional genomic tools for nonmodel species, helping to narrow the gap between studies of model organisms and those of natural populations. Consequently, massively parallel 454 sequencing was used to characterize a normalized cDNA library derived from skin biopsy samples of twelve Antarctic fur seal (Arctocephalus gazella) individuals. Over 412 Mb of sequence data were generated, comprising 1.4 million reads of average length 286 bp. De novo assembly using Newbler 2.3 yielded 156 contigs plus 22 869 isotigs, which in turn clustered into 18 576 isogroups. Almost half of the assembled transcript sequences showed significant similarity to the nr database, revealing a functionally diverse array of genes. Moreover, 97.9% of these mapped to the dog (Canis lupis familiaris) genome, with a strong positive relationship between the number of sequences locating to a given chromosome and the length of that chromosome in the dog indicating a broad genomic distribution. Average depth of coverage was also almost 20‐fold, sufficient to detect several thousand putative microsatellite loci and single nucleotide polymorphisms. This study constitutes an important step towards developing genomic resources with which to address consequential questions in pinniped ecology and evolution. It also supports an earlier but smaller study showing that skin tissue can be a rich source of expressed genes, with important implications for studying the genomics not only of marine mammals, but also more generally of species that cannot be destructively sampled.
N‐glycosylation of the human melanocortin 1 receptor: occupancy of glycosylation sequons and functional role
Authors: Herraiz Cecilia , Sánchez‐Laorden Berta L. , Jiménez‐Cervantes Celia , García‐Borrón José C. 
Published: March 2011

SummaryThe melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R), a major determinant of skin pigmentation and phototype, mediates the actions of α‐melanocyte‐stimulating hormone on melanocytes and is critical for melanocyte proliferation and differentiation. MC1R has two putative N‐glycosylation targets, Asn15 and Asn29. It has been shown that MC1R is a glycoprotein with an unusual sensitivity to endoglycosidase H digestion. However, the occupancy and functional importance of each specific glycosylation sequon remains unknown. We demonstrate that MC1R is N‐glycosylated at Asn15 and Asn29, with structurally and functionally different glycan chains. N‐glycosylation is not necessary for high affinity agonist binding or functional coupling but has a strong effect on the availability of MC1R molecules on the plasma membrane, most likely by a combination of improved forward trafficking and decreased internalization. Finally, we found that MC1R variants exhibit different degrees of glycosylation which do not show a simple correlation with their functional status or intracellular trafficking.
Nosocomial Bloodstream Infections in Brazilian Hospitals: Analysis of 2,563 Cases from a Prospective Nationwide Surveillance Study
Authors: Marra Alexandre R. , Camargo Luis Fernando Aranha , Pignatari Antonio Carlos Campos , Sukiennik Teresa , Behar Paulo Renato Petersen , Medeiros Eduardo Alexandrino Servolo , Ribeiro Julival , Girão Evelyne , Correa Luci , Guerra Carla , Brites Carlos , Pereira Carlos Alberto Pires , Carneiro Irna , Reis Marise , de Souza Marta Antunes , Tranchesi Regina , Barata Cristina U. , Edmond Michael B. ,   the Brazilian SCOPE Study Group
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACT

Nosocomial bloodstream infections (nBSIs) are an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Data from a nationwide, concurrent surveillance study, Brazilian SCOPE (Surveillance and Control of Pathogens of Epidemiological Importance), were used to examine the epidemiology and microbiology of nBSIs at 16 Brazilian hospitals. In our study 2,563 patients with nBSIs were included from 12 June 2007 to 31 March 2010. Ninety-five percent of BSIs were monomicrobial. Gram-negative organisms caused 58.5% of these BSIs, Gram-positive organisms caused 35.4%, and fungi caused 6.1%. The most common pathogens (monomicrobial) were
Staphylococcus aureus
(14.0%), coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) (12.6%),
Klebsiella
spp. (12.0%), and
Acinetobacter
spp. (11.4%). The crude mortality was 40.0%. Forty-nine percent of nBSIs occurred in the intensive-care unit (ICU). The most frequent underlying conditions were malignancy, in 622 patients (24.3%). Among the potential factors predisposing patients to BSI, central venous catheters were the most frequent (70.3%). Methicillin resistance was detected in 157
S. aureus
isolates (43.7%). Of the
Klebsiella
sp. isolates, 54.9% were resistant to third-generation cephalosporins. Of the
Acinetobacter
spp. and
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
isolates, 55.9% and 36.8%, respectively, were resistant to imipenem. In our multicenter study, we found high crude mortality and a high proportion of nBSIs due to antibiotic-resistant organisms.
The psychosocial quality of work determines whether employment has benefits for mental health: results from a longitudinal national household panel survey
Authors: Butterworth P , Leach L S , Strazdins L , Olesen S C , Rodgers B , Broom D H 
Published: March 2011

ObjectivesAlthough employment is associated with health benefits over unemployment, the psychosocial characteristics of work also influence health. We used longitudinal data to investigate whether the benefits of having a job depend on its psychosocial quality (levels of control, demands and complexity, job insecurity, and unfair pay), and whether poor quality jobs are associated with better mental health than unemployment.MethodAnalysis of seven waves of data from 7,155 respondents of working age (44,019 observations) from a national household panel survey. Longitudinal regression models evaluated the concurrent and prospective association between employment circumstances (unemployment and employment in jobs varying in psychosocial job quality) and mental health, assessed by the MHI-5.ResultsOverall, unemployed respondents had poorer mental health than those who were employed. However the mental health of those who were unemployed was comparable or superior to those in jobs of the poorest psychosocial quality. This pattern was evident in prospective models: those in the poorest quality jobs showed greater decline in mental health than those who were unemployed (B = 3.03, p<0.05). The health benefits of becoming employed were dependent on the quality of the job. Moving from unemployment into a high quality job led to improved mental health (mean change score of +3.3), however the transition from unemployment to a poor quality job was more detrimental to mental health than remaining unemployed (−5.6 vs −1.0).ConclusionsWork of poor psychosocial quality does not bestow the same mental health benefits as employment in jobs with high psychosocial quality.
Cancer incidence within a cohort occupationally exposed to asbestos: a study of dose–response relationships
Authors: Clin Bénédicte , Morlais Fabrice , Launoy Guy , Guizard Anne-Valérie , Dubois Brice , Bouvier Véronique , Desoubeaux Nelly , Marquignon Marie-France , Raffaelli Claude , Paris Christophe , Galateau-Salle Françoise , Guittet Lydia , Letourneux Marc 
Published: March 2011

ObjectivesThe aim of our study was to analyse the dose–response relationship between occupational asbestos exposure and risk of cancer.MethodsOur study was a retrospective morbidity study based on 2024 subjects occupationally exposed to asbestos, conducted over the period 1 January 1978 to 31 December 2004. Analysis of the dose–response relationship between occupational asbestos exposure, as a time-dependant variable, and risk of cancer was performed using a Cox model. In order to account for the effect of latency, we conducted the analysis with a lag of 10 years.Results285 cases of cancers were observed in our cohort. The relative risk of pleuro-peritoneal mesothelioma, lung cancer and colorectal cancer associated with asbestos exposure, adjusted for age as a time-dependant variable and for sex, was correlated with exposure intensity (or average exposure level, AEL). The risk of cancer, whatever the anatomical site, did not increase with the duration of exposure to asbestos.ConclusionWhile confirming the established relationship between asbestos exposure and pleuropulmonary and peritoneal cancers, this study also suggests a causal relationship between asbestos exposure and colorectal cancer.
New Iterative Scheme for Finite Families of Equilibrium, Variational Inequality, and Fixed Point Problems in Banach Spaces
Authors: Wang Shenghua , Zhou Caili 
Published: March 2011

AbstractWe introduced a new iterative scheme for finding a common element in the set of common fixed points of a finite family of quasi-ϕ-nonexpansive mappings, the set of common solutions of a finite family of equilibrium problems, and the set of common solutions of a finite family of variational inequality problems in Banach spaces. The proof method for the main result is simplified under some new assumptions on the bifunctions.
Oncogenomics to Target Myeloma in the Bone Marrow Microenvironment
Authors: Anderson Kenneth C. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractMultiple myeloma (MM) is an example of rapid bench-to-bedside translation in new drug development. Bortezomib and lenalidamide target the tumor cell in the bone marrow microenvironment to overcome drug resistance in laboratory and animal models; each is effective to treat relapsed and/or refractory, relapsed, and newly diagnosed MM, and both are now showing promise as maintenance therapy. Major ongoing translational research efforts include improved classification and personalized therapies; identification and validation of next-generation agents targeting the tumor cell in its microenvironment; novel immune therapies; rationally based combination therapies; and use of novel agents to delay or prevent development of active MM. This paradigm of targeting the tumor in its microenvironment has already extended median survival in MM from 3 to 7 to 8 years and has great potential to improve patient outcome in other hematologic malignancies and solid tumors as well. Clin Cancer Res; 17(6); 1225–33. ©2011 AACR.
Moving Closer to a Prognostic DNA Methylation Signature in Colon Cancer
Authors: Carmona F. Javier , Esteller Manel 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Although large panels of genes undergoing aberrant CpG island methylation in colorectal cancer have been identified, reliable predictors for clinical management in this tumor type remain elusive. A new DNA methylation signature affecting the extracellular matrix (ECM) pathway has been identified with potential prognostic value in colon cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 17(6); 1215–7. ©2011 AACR.
Direct Measurement of the Lethal Isotherm for Radiofrequency Ablation of Myocardial Tissue
Authors: Wood Mark , Goldberg Scott , Lau Melissa , Goel Aneesh , Alexander Daniel , Han Frederick , Feinstein Shawn 
Published: March 2011

Background—
The lethal isotherm for radiofrequency catheter ablation of cardiac myocardium is widely accepted to be 50°C, but this has not been directly measured. The purpose of this study was to directly measure the tissue temperature at the edge of radiofrequency lesions in real time using infrared thermal imaging.

Methods and Results—

Fifteen radiofrequency lesions of 6 to 240 seconds in duration were applied to the left ventricular surface of isolated perfused pig hearts. At the end of radiofrequency delivery, a thermal image of the tissue surface was acquired with an infrared camera. The lesion was then stained and an optical image of the lesion was obtained. The thermal and optical images were electronically merged to allow determination of the tissue temperature at the edge of the lesion at the end of radiofrequency delivery. By adjusting the temperature overlay display to conform with the edge of the radiofrequency lesion, the lethal isotherm was measured to be 60.6°C (interquartile ranges, 59.7° to 62.4°C; range, 58.1° to 64.2°C). The areas encompassed by the lesion border in the optical image and the lethal isotherm in the thermal image were statistically similar and highly correlated (Spearman ρ=0.99,
P
<0.001). The lethal isotherm temperature was not related to the duration of radiofrequency delivery or to lesion size (both
P
>0.64). The areas circumscribed by 50°C isotherms were significantly larger than the areas of the lesions on optical imaging (
P
=0.002).

Conclusions—
By direct measurement, the lethal isotherm for cardiac myocardium is near 61°C for radiofrequency energy deliveries <240 seconds in duration. A 50°C isotherm overestimates lesion size. Accurate knowledge of the lethal isotherm for radiofrequency ablation is important to clinical practice as well as mathematical modeling of radiofrequency lesions.
Aberrant DNA methylation characterizes juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia with poor outcome
Authors: Olk-Batz Christiane , Poetsch Anna R. , Nöllke Peter , Claus Rainer , Zucknick Manuela , Sandrock Inga , Witte Tania , Strahm Brigitte , Hasle Henrik , Zecca Marco , Starý Jan , Bergstraesser Eva , De Moerloose Barbara , Trebo Monika , van den Heuvel-Eibrink Marry M. , Wojcik Dorota , Locatelli Franco , Plass Christoph , Niemeyer Charlotte M. , Flotho Christian ,   the European Working Group of Myelodysplastic Syndromes in Childhood (EWOG-MDS)
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Aberrant DNA methylation contributes to the malignant phenotype in virtually all types of cancer, including myeloid leukemia. We hypothesized that CpG island hypermethylation also occurs in juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) and investigated whether it is associated with clinical, hematologic, or prognostic features. Based on quantitative measurements of DNA methylation in 127 JMML cases using mass spectrometry (MassARRAY), we identified 4 gene CpG islands with frequent hypermethylation: BMP4 (36% of patients), CALCA (54%), CDKN2B (22%), and RARB (13%). Hypermethylation was significantly associated with poor prognosis: when the methylation data were transformed into prognostic scores using a LASSO Cox regression model, the 5-year overall survival was 0.41 for patients in the top tertile of scores versus 0.72 in the lowest score tertile (P = .002). Among patients given allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, the 5-year cumulative incidence of relapse was 0.52 in the highest versus 0.10 in the lowest score tertile (P = .007). In multivariate models, DNA methylation retained prognostic value independently of other clinical risk factors. Longitudinal analyses indicated that some cases acquired a more extensively methylated phenotype at relapse. In conclusion, our data suggest that a high-methylation phenotype characterizes an aggressive biologic variant of JMML and is an important molecular predictor of outcome.
A20 (TNFAIP3) genetic alterations in EBV-associated AIDS-related lymphoma
Authors: Giulino Lisa , Mathew Susan , Ballon Gianna , Chadburn Amy , Barouk Sharon , Antonicelli Giuseppina , Leoncini Lorenzo , Liu Yi Fang , Gogineni Swarna , Tam Wayne , Cesarman Ethel 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
A20, a negative regulator of NF-κB, has been implicated as a tumor suppressor gene in multiple types of B-cell lymphoma. AIDS-related lymphomas (ARLs) are high-grade B-cell lymphomas that are frequently associated with EBV infection. We examined a panel of ARLs for A20 alterations. FISH showed A20 deletion in 6 of 33 cases (18%). A20 mutations were found in 3 of 19 cases (16%), including 2 cases with deletions of the comple-mentary allele. Immunohistochemistry showed the absence of A20 protein in 7 of 55 samples (13%). In contrast to reports in Hodgkin lymphoma in which EBV infection and A20 alteration are mutually exclusive, A20 inactivation was observed in both EBV+ and EBV− cases. The EBV latent membrane protein 1, which activates NF-κB, was not expressed in 12 of 13 cases with A20 loss. In ARLs loss of A20 may be an alternative mechanism of NF-κB activation in the absence of latent membrane protein 1 expression.
How I treat acute chest syndrome in children with sickle cell disease
Authors: Miller Scott T. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractAcute chest syndrome describes new respiratory symptoms and findings, often severe and progressive, in a child with sickle cell disease and a new pulmonary infiltrate. It may be community-acquired or arise in children hospitalized for pain or other complications. Recognized etiologies include infection, most commonly with atypical bacteria, and pulmonary fat embolism (PFE); the cause is often obscure and may be multifactorial. Initiation of therapy should be based on clinical findings. Management includes macrolide antibiotics, supplemental oxygen, modest hydration and often simple transfusion. Partial exchange transfusion should be reserved for children with only mild anemia (Hb > 9 g/dL) but deteriorating respiratory status. Therapy with corticosteroids may be of value; safety, efficacy and optimal dosing strategy need prospective appraisal in a clinical trial. On recovery, treatment with hydroxyurea should be discussed to reduce the likelihood of recurrent episodes.
Autologous stem cell transplantation as a first-line treatment strategy for chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial from the SFGM-TC and GFLLC
Authors: Sutton Laurent , Chevret Sylvie , Tournilhac Olivier , Diviné Marine , Leblond Véronique , Corront Bernadette , Leprêtre Stéphane , Eghbali Houchingue , Van Den Neste Eric , Michallet Mauricette , Maloisel Frédéric , Bouabdallah Krimo , Decaudin Didier , Berthou Christian , Brice Pauline , Gonzalez Hugo , Chapiro Elise , Radford-Weiss Isabelle , Leporrier Nathalie , Maloum Karim , Nguyen-Khac Florence , Davi Frédéric , Lejeune Julie , Merle-Béral Hélène , Leporrier Michel ,   for the Société Française de Greffe de Moelle et de Thérapie Cellulaire (SFGM-TC) and Groupe Français d'étude de la Leucémie Lymphoïde Chronique (GFLLC)
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Long-term responses have been reported after autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). We conducted a prospective, randomized trial of ASCT in previously untreated CLL patients. We enrolled 241 patients < 66 years of age with Binet stage B or C CLL. They received 3 courses of mini-CHOP (cyclophosphamide, hydroxydaunorubicin, oncovin, and prednisone/prednisolone) and then 3 courses of fludarabine. Patients in complete response (CR) were then randomized to ASCT or observation, whereas the other patients were randomized to dexamethasone, high-dose aracytin, cisplatin (DHAP) salvage followed by either ASCT or 3 courses of fludarabine plus cyclophosphamide (FC). The primary end point was event-free survival (EFS). After up-front treatment, 105 patients entered CR and were randomized between ASCT (n = 52) and observation (n = 53); their respective 3-year EFS rates were 79.8% and 35.5%; the adjusted hazard ratio was 0.3 (95% CI: 0.1-0.7; P = .003). Ninety-four patients who did not enter CR were randomized between ASCT (n = 46) and FC (n = 48); their respective 3-year EFS rates were 48.9% and 44.4%, respectively; the adjusted hazard ratio was 1.7 (95% CI: 0.9-3.2; P = .13). No difference in overall survival was found between the 2 response subgroups. In young CLL patients in CR, ASCT consolidation markedly delayed disease progression. No difference was observed between ASCT and FC in patients requiring DHAP salvage.
Characterization of the mononuclear phagocyte system in zebrafish
Authors: Wittamer Valerie , Bertrand Julien Y. , Gutschow Patrick W. , Traver David 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe evolutionarily conserved immune system of the zebrafish (Danio rerio), in combination with its genetic tractability, position it as an excellent model system in which to elucidate the origin and function of vertebrate immune cells. We recently reported the existence of antigen-presenting mononuclear phagocytes in zebrafish, namely macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), but have been impaired in further characterizing the biology of these cells by the lack of a specific transgenic reporter line. Using regulatory elements of a class II major histocompatibility gene, we generated a zebrafish reporter line expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) in all APCs, macrophages, DCs, and B lymphocytes. Examination of mhc2dab:GFP; cd45:DsRed double-transgenic animals demonstrated that kidney mhc2dab:GFPhi; cd45:DsRedhi cells were exclusively mature monocytes/macrophages and DCs, as revealed by morphologic and molecular analyses. Mononuclear phagocytes were found in all hematolymphoid organs, but were most abundant in the intestine and spleen, where they up-regulate the expression of inflammatory cytokines upon bacterial challenge. Finally, mhc2dab:GFP and cd45:DsRed transgenes mark mutually exclusive cell subsets in the lymphoid fraction, enabling the delineation of the major hematopoietic lineages in the adult zebrafish. These findings suggest that mhc2dab:GFP and cd45:DsRed transgenic lines will be instrumental in elucidating the immune response in the zebrafish.