bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of transcriptomic and proteomic profiles demonstrates improved Madin–Darby canine kidney cell function in a renal microfluidic biochip
Authors: Snouber Leila Choucha , Letourneur Franck , Chafey Philippe , Broussard Cedric , Monge Matthieu , Legallais Cécile , Leclerc Eric 
Published: October 2011

AbstractWe have evaluated the influence of the microfluidic environment on renal cell functionality. For that purpose, we performed a time lapse transcriptomic and proteomic analysis in which we compared gene and protein expressions of Madin–Darby canine kidney cells after 24 h and 96 h of culture in both microfluidic biochips and plates. The transcriptomic and proteomic integration revealed that the ion transporters involved in calcium, phosphate, and sodium homoeostasis and several genes involved in H+ transporters and pH regulation were up‐regulated in microfluidic biochips. Concerning drug metabolism, we found Phase I (CYP P450), Phase II enzymes (GST), various multidrug resistance genes (MRP), and Phase III transporters (SLC) were also up‐regulated in the biochips. Furthermore, the study shows that those inductions were correlated with the induction of the Ahr and Nrf‐2 dependent pathways, which results in a global cytoprotective response induced by the microenvironment. However, there was no apoptosis situation or cell death in the biochips. Microfluidic biochips may thus provide an important insight into exploring xenobiotic injury and transport modifications in this type of bioartificial microfluidic kidney. Finally, the investigation demonstrated that combining the transcriptomic and proteomic analyses obtained from a cell “on chip” culture would provide a pertinent new tool in the mechanistic interpretation of cellular mechanisms for predicting kidney cell toxicity and renal clearance in vitro. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2012
Synthesis, Characterization, Thermal Behavior, and DNA‐Cleaving Studies of Cyano‐Bridged Nickel(II)Copper(II) Complexes of 4‐(Pyridin‐2‐ylazenyl)resorcinol
Authors: Karipcin Fatma , Özmen İsmail , Cülü Burcin , Çelikoğlu Umut 
Published: October 2011

AbstractWe present here the syntheses of a mononuclear CuII complex and two polynuclear CuIINiII complexes of the azenyl ligand, 4‐(pyridin‐2‐ylazenyl)resorcinol (HL; 1). The reaction of HL (1) and copper(II) perchlorate with KCN gave a mononuclear complex [CuL(CN)] (4). Using 4, one pentanuclear complex, [{CuL(NC)}4Ni](ClO4)2 (5) and one trinuclear complex, [{CuL(CN)}2NiL]ClO4 (6), were prepared and characterized by elemental analyses, magnetic susceptibility, molar conductance, IR, and thermal analysis. Stoichiometric and spectral results of the mononuclear CuII complex indicated that the metal/ligand/CN ratio was 1 : 1 : 1, and the ligand behaved as a tridentate ligand forming neutral metal chelates through the pyridinyl and azenyl N‐, and resorcinol O‐atom. The interaction between the compounds (the ligand 1, its NiII and CuII complexes without CN, i.e., 2 and 3, and its complexes with CN, 4–6) and DNA has also been investigated by agarose gel electrophoresis. The pentanuclear Cu4Ni complex (5) with H2O2 as a co‐oxidant exhibited the strongest DNA‐cleaving activity.
Synthesis of Novel Derivatives of Esculentoside A and Its Aglycone Phytolaccagenin, and Evaluation of Their Haemolytic Activity and Inhibition of Lipopolysaccharide‐Induced Nitric Oxide Production
Authors: Gong Wei , Jiang Zhihui , Sun Peng , Li Ling , Jin Yongsheng , Shao Lucheng , Zhang Wen , Liu Baoshu , Zhang Hongwei , Tang Hua , Chen Yufeng , Yi Yanghua , Zhang Dazhi 
Published: October 2011

AbstractA series of 46 compounds derived from esculentoside A and its aglycone were synthesized and characterized. The effect of these compounds on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced NO production, haemolytic activity, and cell viability was evaluated. Structureactivity relationship was established by comparing the derivatives of esculentoside A with its aglycone derivatives. Both the aglycone and its derivatives showed higher inhibitory effects on LPS‐induced NO production, and lower haemolytic activities than esculentoside A and its derivatives.
Chemical Diversity in the Essential Oil of Indian Valerian (Valeriana jatamansiJones)
Authors: Verma Ram S. , Verma Rajesh K. , Padalia Rajendra C. , Chauhan Amit , Singh Anand , Singh Hemendra P. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractTo explore the diversity in the essential oil yield and composition of Valeriana jatamansi Jones (syn. V. wallichii DC) growing wild in Uttarakhand (Western Himalaya), 17 populations were collected from different locations and grown under similar conditions. Comparative results showed considerable variations in the essential oil yield and composition. The essential oil yield varied from 0.21 to 0.46% in the fresh roots and rhizomes of different populations of V. jatamansi. Analysis of the essential oils by GC (RI) and GC/MS and the subsequent classification by principal component analysis (PCA) resulted in six clusters with significant variations in their terpenoid composition. Major components in the essential oils of the different populations were patchouli alcohol (1; 13.4–66.7%), α‐bulnesene (3; <0.05–23.5%), α‐guaiene (4; 0.2–13.3%), guaiol (5; <0.05–12.2%), seychellene (6; 0.2–9.9%) viridiflorol (<0.05–7.3%), and β‐gurjunene (7; 0.0–7.1%). V. jatamansi populations with contents of 1 higher than 60% may be utilized commercially in perfumery.
Tridentate N‐Donor Palladium(II) Complexes as Efficient Coordinating Quadruplex DNA Binders
Authors: Largy Eric , Hamon Florian , Rosu Frédéric , Gabelica Valérie , De Pauw Edwin , Guédin Aurore , Mergny Jean‐Louis , Teulade‐Fichou Marie‐Paule 
Published: October 2011

AbstractFifteen complexes of palladium, platinum, and copper, featuring five different N‐donor tridentate (terpyridine‐like) ligands, were prepared with the aim of testing their G‐quadruplex–DNA binding properties. The fluorescence resonance energy transfer melting assay indicated a striking positive effect of palladium on G‐quadruplex DNA stabilization compared with platinum and copper, as well as an influence of the structure of the organic ligand. Putative binding modes (noncoordinative π stacking and base coordination) of palladium and platinum complexes were investigated by ESI‐MS and UV/Vis spectroscopy experiments, which all revealed a greater ability of palladium complexes to coordinate DNA bases. In contrast, platinum compounds tend to predominantly bind to quadruplex DNA in their aqua form by noncoordinative interactions. Remarkably, complexes of [Pd(ttpy)] and [Pd(tMebip)] (ttpy=tolylterpyridine, tMebip=2,2′‐(4‐p‐tolylpyridine‐2,6‐diyl)bis(1‐methyl‐1H‐benzo[d]imidazole)) coordinate efficiently G‐quadruplex structures at room temperature in less than 1 h, and are more efficient than their platinum counterparts for inhibiting the growth of cancer cells. Altogether, these results demonstrate that both the affinity for G‐quadruplex DNA and the binding mode of metal complexes can be modulated by modifying either the metal or the organic ligand.
Synthetic Fuels from Natural Gas and Biomass – Status and Perspectives
Authors: Schaub Georg , Edzang Régis 
Published: October 2011

AbstractFlüssige Energieträger leisten in Form von Kraft‐ und Treibstoffen sowie Heizstoffen mit ca. 38 % der Sekundärenergieträger einen wichtigen Beitrag zur heutigen Energieversorgung, hauptsächlich in den Bereichen Verkehr und Gebäudeheizung. Sie werden auch zukünftig benötigt werden, auch wenn der Heizbedarf in Gebäuden zurückgehen wird und elektrische Antriebe im PKW‐Bereich wichtiger werden. Grund dafür ist die hohe Energiedichte, die vor allem bei einem mobilen Energieeinsatz wichtig ist. Der heute meist verwendete fossile Rohstoff Erdöl kann aufgrund von Preisanstieg, Versorgungssicherheit und CO2‐Emissionen zunehmend ergänzt und ersetzt werden. Der Beitrag fasst die neueren Entwicklungen zur Erzeugung von Erdöl‐Ersatzprodukten in Form von synthetischen Kraftstoffen aus Erdgas und Biomasse zusammen. Die Zukunftsaussichten werden mithilfe der Kriterien Chemie und Prozesstechnik, Energieeffizienz und Erzeugungskosten bewertet.
Strictly Anaerobic Batch Cultivation of Eubacterium ramulus in a Novel Disposable Bag Reactor System
Authors: Jonczyk Patrick , Schmidt Anne , Bice Ismet , Gall Mechthild , Gross Egon , Hilmer Jens‐Michael , Bornscheuer Uwe , Beutel Sascha , Scheper Thomas 
Published: October 2011

AbstractDas anaerobe gastrointestinale Bakterium Eubacterium ramulus wurde erstmals in einem Einweg‐Beutelreaktorsystem mit 10 L Kulturmedium kultiviert. Im Vergleich zu Standard‐Flaschenkultivierungen mit Hungate‐Technik wurde um den Faktor 25 aufskaliert und die optische Dichte konnte um mehr als das 5fache gesteigert werden. Bei einer 10‐L‐Batch‐Kultivierung im Einweg‐Beutelreaktorsystem wurden 60 bis 70 g Feuchtzellmasse produziert. Zum Vergleich wurde eine 10‐L‐Batch‐Kultivierung in einem Edelstahlrührkessel durchgeführt, die ähnliche Ergebnisse wie das Beutelreaktorsystem hinsichtlich der Feuchtzellmasse und der optischen Dichte zeigte.
Chemical Characterization of Carbonated Natural Mineral Waters Produced in Turkey: Compliance with European Water Quality Standards
Authors: Güler Cüneyt , Alpaslan Musa 
Published: October 2011

AbstractIn this study, a total of 100 samples from 25 brands of carbonated natural mineral waters (CNMWs) produced in Turkey were analyzed for a total of 36 water quality constituents to determine their suitability for human consumption. Parameters examined include pH, electrical conductivity, ammonia, nitrate, nitrite, sulfate, sulfite, orthophosphate, chloride, fluoride, bicarbonate, and 25 major/trace elements analyzed by inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS). The presence of these constituents in this type of water was investigated considering recent concerns about their quality and the lack of trace element information on the manufacturer labels. The analytical results obtained in this study were compared to the European Union (EU) norms, labeled values on bottles, as well as values from the literature. Results of this study have shown that Turkish CNMWs may contain high concentrations of sulfite, which is a known allergen, especially for chronic asthmatic population. CNMWs surveyed in this study have also appreciable amounts of fluoride (>1.5 mg L−1) that may have detrimental effects on health of children. The EU standards for As, Ba, Mn, and Ni were exceeded in seven CNMWs classified as “high mineral”. Compared to similar type of bottled waters from Europe and North America, CNMWs from Turkey generally contained higher elemental concentrations.
Toxicological Effects Induced by Cadmium in Gills of Manila Clam Ruditapes philippinarum Using NMR‐Based Metabolomics
Authors: Zhang Linbao , Liu Xiaoli , You Liping , Zhou Di , Yu Junbao , Zhao Jianmin , Feng Jianghua , Wu Huifeng 
Published: October 2011

AbstractCadmium (Cd) has become an important heavy metal contaminant in the sediment and seawater along the Bohai Sea and been of great ecological risk due to its toxic effects to marine organisms. In this work, the toxicological effects caused by environmentally relevant concentrations (10 and 40 µg L−1) of Cd were studied in the gill tissues of Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum after exposure for 24, 48, and 96 h. Both low (10 µg L−1) and high (40 µg L−1) doses of Cd caused the disturbances in energy metabolism and osmotic regulation and neurotoxicity based on the metabolic biomarkers such as succinate, alanine, branched chain amino acids, betaine, hypotaurine, and glutamate in clam gills after 24 h of exposure. However, the recovery of toxicological effects of Cd after exposure for 96 h was obviously observed in clam to Cd exposures. Overall, these results indicated that NMR‐based metabolomics was applicable to elucidate the toxicological effects of heavy metal contaminants in the marine bioindicator.
Know when to run, know when to hide: can behavioral differences explain the divergent invasion success of two sympatric lizards?
Authors: Chapple David G. , Simmonds Sarah M. , Wong Bob B.M. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractInvasive species represent a select subset of organisms that have successfully transitioned through each stage of the introduction process (transportation, establishment, and spread). Although there is a growing realization that behavior plays a critical role in invasion success, few studies have focused on the initial stages of introduction. We examined whether differences in the grouping tendencies and exploratory behavior of two sympatric lizard species could contribute to their divergent invasion success. While the nondirected activity of the two species did not differ, the invasive delicate skink (Lampropholis delicata) was found to be more exploratory than the congeneric noninvasive garden skink (L. guichenoti), which enabled it to more effectively locate novel environments and basking site resources. The delicate skink also exhibited a greater tendency to hide, which may act to enhance its probability of ensnarement in freight and cargo and decrease its likelihood of detection during transit. The grouping tendencies of the two species did not differ. Together, our results suggest that while the two species have an equivalent “opportunity” for unintentional human‐assisted transportation, several pre‐existing behavioral traits may enhance the success of the delicate skink in negotiating the initial stages of the introduction process, and subsequent post‐establishment spread.
Macrophages in human colorectal cancer are pro‐inflammatory and prime T cells towards an anti‐tumour type‐1 inflammatory response
Authors: Ong Siew‐Min , Tan Yann‐Chong , Beretta Ottavio , Jiang Dongsheng , Yeap Wei‐Hseun , Tai June J. Y. , Wong Wing‐Cheong , Yang Henry , Schwarz Herbert , Lim Kiat‐Hon , Koh Poh‐Koon , Ling Khoon‐Lin , Wong Siew‐Cheng 
Published: October 2011

AbstractHigh macrophage infiltration into tumours often correlates with poor prognoses; in colorectal, stomach and skin cancers, however, the opposite is observed but the mechanisms behind this phenomenon remain unclear. Here, we sought to understand how tumour‐associated macrophages (TAMs) in colorectal cancer execute tumour‐suppressive roles. We found that TAMs in a colorectal cancer model were pro‐inflammatory and inhibited the proliferation of tumour cells. TAMs also produced chemokines that attract T cells, stimulated proliferation of allogeneic T cells and activated type‐1 T cells associated with anti‐tumour immune responses. Using colorectal tumour tissues, we verified that TAMs in vivo were indeed pro‐inflammatory. Furthermore, the number of tumour‐infiltrating T cells correlated with the number of TAMs, suggesting that TAMs could attract T cells; and indeed, type‐1 T cells were present in the tumour tissues. Patient clinical data suggested that TAMs exerted tumour‐suppressive effects with the help of T cells. Hence, the tumour‐suppressive mechanisms of TAMs in colorectal cancer involve the inhibition of tumour cell proliferation alongside the production of pro‐inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and promoting type‐1 T‐cell responses. These new findings would contribute to the development of future cancer immunotherapies based on enhancing the tumour‐suppressive properties of TAMs to boost anti‐tumour immune responses.
Direct Synthesis and Mass Spectroscopic Observation of the {M40} Polyoxothiometalate Wheel
Authors: Miras Haralampos N. , Zang Hong Ying , Long De‐Liang , Cronin Leroy 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe nanosized, 2.2 nm, {Mo40} oxo(thio)metalate wheel was isolated in high yield using a direct synthetic procedure which involves acidification of a molybdate solution in the presence of the {Mo2O2S2}2+oxothio cation as the starting material. The [(Mo8O28)4(Mo2O2S2)4]24– wheel, 1a, was characterised by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis, IR, Raman, UV/Vis and flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS). Solid state and solution Raman spectroscopic studies allowed the unambiguous determination of the critical conditions by which compound 1 retains its integrity in solution. Electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS) studies carried out on aqueous solutions of the crystalline material showed that the nanosized wheel retains its integrity in concentrated solutions. High resolution ESI‐MS studies allowed the direct observation of the discrete wheel as well as the distinct self‐assembly stages of its formation; from the fundamental building units through to the final formation of well resolved aggregations of 1D chains which is in agreement with the solid state studies.
Separation of squalene from olive oil deodorizer distillate using supercritical fluids
Authors: Akgün Nalan A. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractIn this study, an integrated strategy using supercritical fluids for extraction of squalene from olive oil deodorizer distillate (OODD), one of the most important by‐products of the olive oil refining process is presented. First, OODD was esterified in supercritical methanol, and then squalene was extracted from the sample consisting of 66% methyl ester using supercritical CO2. The extraction conditions, i.e., pressure (88.2–121.8 bar), temperature (41.6–58.4°C) and extraction time (129.6–230.4 min), were optimized via RSM to achieve the highest squalene content. The optimal results were obtained at a temperature of 52.05°C, pressure of 104.8 bar and extraction time of 180 min. Consequently, two kinds of value‐added products such as biodiesel (up to 96% FAME, in extract) and olive squalene (up to 75%, in raffinate) were produced in shorter processing times when compared with distillation results of 70 h.Practical applications: Traditionally, squalene is extracted from liver oil of rare deep‐sea sharks. Here we present the recovery of vegetal squalene in high purity from OODD. Our approach also presents a simple, reliable, and mobile solution. Squalene is widely used in cosmetics as a protective agent and natural moisturizer and as an adjuvant in influenza vaccines.
Determination of 3‐MCPD esters in edible oil – methods of analysis and comparability of results
Authors: Karasek Lubomir , Wenzl Thomas , Ulberth Franz 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe discovery of fatty acid esters of 3‐chloropropane‐1,2‐diol (3‐MCPD) in edible oil products initiated food monitoring campaigns in many EU Member States. As the determination of 3‐MCPD esters was new to most laboratories, questions on the reliability of the produced analysis data were raised. In response to this, the Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements (IRMM) of the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) organised a proficiency test on the determination of 3‐chloropropane‐1,2‐diol esters (3‐MCPD esters) in edible oils. The aim of this proficiency test was to scrutinise the capabilities of official food control laboratories, private food control laboratories as well as laboratories from food industry to determine the 3‐MCPD esters content of edible oils. The study was carried out in accordance with “The International Harmonised Protocol for the Proficiency Testing of Analytical Chemistry Laboratories” and ISO Guide 43. The test materials dispatched to the participants were: refined palm oil, extra virgin olive oil spiked with 3‐chloropropane‐1,2‐dioleate and 3‐MCPD standard solution in sodium chloride. Altogether 41 laboratories from 11 EU Member States, Switzerland and Macedonia subscribed for participation in the study. The analysis task was to determine the 3‐MCPD esters content as total 3‐MCPD content of the test samples. Participants were free to choose their analysis methods. In total, 34 laboratories reported results to the organisers of the study. The performance of laboratories in the determination of 3‐MCPD esters in edible oils was expressed by z‐scores. About 56% of the participants performed satisfactorily in the determination of 3‐MCPD esters in palm oil and 85% for the spiked extra virgin olive oil test sample. The study revealed that the direct transesterification of the sample without the prior removal of glycidol esters might lead to strong positive bias.
How global strategies emerge: an attention perspective
Authors: Bouquet Cyril , Birkinshaw Julian 
Published: October 2011

AbstractMost prior research in the field of global strategy focuses on what choices executives make to build the competitive advantage of a firm, from setting up activities in different locations to coordinating the linkages between them. In this article, we shift the emphasis to how global strategies emerge in a firm by studying the processes through which top executive attention is channeled and structured. Building on the attention‐based view of the firm, we develop hypotheses linking aspects of the firm's operating environment and its internal organization to its international attention—the time and effort HQ executives invest in activities, communications, and discussions aimed at improving their understanding of the global marketplace. Using primary data collected from 134 firms across a large spectrum of industries, we test and find support for our arguments.
Physical attraction and the geography of knowledge sourcing in multinational enterprises
Authors: Cantwell John A. , Mudambi Ram 
Published: October 2011

AbstractIn this article, we develop the concept of the degree of physical attraction exerted by the dominant firms in a local industry on other actors that increases the ease of local knowledge search for ‘insiders’ with stronger connections to others. Conversely, the physical attraction of dominant firms on other actors raises the difficulty of local knowledge search for ‘outsiders’ with weaker connections to others. Our theory has important implications for knowledge spillovers. As local industry concentration rises, the likelihood of local knowledge spillovers to outsiders falls, even with a high local knowledge stock. Further, in contrast to the strategic deterrence thesis which posits that technology leaders are deterred from entering clusters for fear of knowledge outflows, our theory implies that with high industrial concentration, it is technology laggards that are deterred, since they do not have the wherewithal to establish the local connections needed to access knowledge inflows. Using a large patent database associated with the U.K.‐based subsidiaries of non‐U.K. MNEs, we find strong support for our theory.