bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resuscitation with low volume hydroxyethylstarch 130 kDa/0.4 is not associated with acute kidney injury
Authors: Boussekey Nicolas , Darmon Raphaël , Langlois Joachim , Alfandari Serge , Devos Patrick , Meybeck Agnes , Chiche Arnaud , Georges Hugues , Leroy Olivier 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
Introduction
Acute kidney injury (AKI) in the ICU is associated with poorer prognosis. Hydroxyethylstarch (HES) solutions are fluid resuscitation colloids frequently used in the ICU with controversial nephrotoxic adverse effects. Our study objective was to evaluate HES impact on renal function and organ failures.

Methods
This observational retrospective study included 363 patients hospitalized for more than 72 hours in our ICU. A hundred and sixty eight patients received HES during their stay and 195 did not. We recorded patients' baseline characteristics on admission and type and volume of fluid resuscitation during the first 3 weeks of ICU stay. We also noted the evolution of urine output, the risk of renal dysfunction, injury to the kidney, failure of kidney function, loss of kidney function and end-stage kidney disease (RIFLE) classification and sepsis related organ failure assessment (SOFA) score over 3 weeks.

Results
Patients in the HES group were more severely ill on admission but AKI incidence was similar, as well as ICU mortality. The evolution of urine output (P = 0.74), RIFLE classification (P = 0.44) and SOFA score (P = 0.23) was not different. However, HES volumes administered were low (763+/-593 ml during the first 48 hours).

Conclusions
Volume expansion with low volume HES 130 kDa/0.4 was not associated with AKI.
Human Labor Is Associated with Reduced Decidual Cell Expression of Progesterone, But Not Glucocorticoid, Receptors
Authors: Lockwood C. J. , Stocco C. , Murk W. , Kayisli U. A. , Funai E. F. , Schatz F. 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
Context: Unchanging plasma progesterone (P4) levels suggest that human labor is initiated by reduced P4 receptor (PR) expression, which elicits functional P4 withdrawal. The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is also implicated in this process.
Objective: Our objective was to compare PR and GR staining in human decidual cells (DCs) and interstitial trophoblasts (ITs) of gestational age-matched pre- and postcontraction specimens and to evaluate steroid effects on PR and GR expression in human DC cultures.
Interventions and Main Outcome Measures: Decidua basalis and parietalis sections were immunostained for PR or GR and then for the cytoplasmic DC and IT markers vimentin and cytokeratin. Western blotting measured PR and GR levels in nuclear extracts of cultured leukocyte-free term DCs after incubation with estradiol-17β (E2) with or without medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA).
Results: PR histological scores (HSCOREs) were significantly higher in DC nuclei from pre- vs. post-uterine-contraction decidua basalis and parietalis sections with PR immunostaining absent from ITs. In contrast, immunoreactive GR was localized in IT and DC nuclei. GR HSCORES were significantly higher in ITs than DCs but similar in pre- vs. post-uterine-contraction specimens. In term DC monolayers, PR-A and PR-B were enhanced by E2 and inhibited by MPA, whereas E2 plus MPA produced intermediate PR expression. The GR was constitutively expressed.
Conclusions: In post- vs. pre-uterine-contraction specimens, significantly lower HSCOREs in DC nuclei, but not IT, and unchanging GR levels in DCs and ITs suggest that functional P4 withdrawal may occur in DCs and is unlikely to involve the GR. Nuclear extracts from DC monolayer cultures express steroid-regulated PR-A and PR-B and constitutive GR.
The Combined Inelastic Neutron Scattering (INS) and Solid-State DFT Study of Hydrogen-Atoms Dynamics in Kaolinite-dimethylsulfoxide Intercalate
Authors: Smrčok L’ubomír , Tunega Daniel , Ramirez-Cuesta Anibal Javier , Ivanov Alexander , Valúchová Jana 
Published: March 2010

AbstractVibrational spectra of two kaolinite-dimethylsulfoxide intercalates, obtained using inelastic neutron scattering (INS), were analyzed with a view to understanding the dynamics of the hydrogen atoms in the structure. The main focus was on the spectral region 0–1700 cm−1, which is difficult to analyze using optical spectroscopy. The experimental vibrational spectra of kaolinite:dimethylsulfoxide and kaolinite:d6-dimethylsulfoxide collected using two different spectrometers were interpreted by means of the solid-state DFT calculations. Calculated spectra were obtained by both normal-mode analysis and molecular dynamics going beyond the harmonic approximation. The Al-O-H bending modes were found to be spread over the large interval 100−1200 cm−1, with the dominant contributions located between 800 and 1200 cm−1. The shape of the individual hydrogen spectrum depends on whether or not the respective hydrogen atom is involved in an O-H⋯O hydrogen bond and on its strength. The modes corresponding to the in-plane movements of the inner-surface hydrogen atoms are well defined and always appear at the top of the intervals of energy transfer. In contrast, the modes generated by the out-of-plane movements of the hydrogen atoms are spread over large energy intervals extending down to the region of external (lattice) modes. The C-H modes are concentrated mainly in the three regions 1200–1450 cm−1, 800–1100 cm−1, and 0–400 cm−1. While the first two regions are typical of the various deformational modes of methyl groups, the low-energy region is populated by the modes corresponding to the movements of the whole dimethylsulfoxide molecule.
Structure and Properties of Hydrogenated Nitrile Rubber/Organo-Montmorillonite Nanocomposites
Authors: Gu Zheng , Song Guojun , Liu Weisheng , Yang Shujing , Gao Jianming 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe aim of the work was to study the effect of organo-montmorillonite (OMt) on the properties of hydrogenated nitrile rubber (HNBR)/OMt nanocomposites. The nanocomposites were prepared by a melt intercalation method. The structure of the composites was studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The behavior of stress-strain, aging resistance, solvent resistance, and the dynamic mechanical properties of HNBR/OMt nanocomposites were investigated. The TEM and XRD results showed that the OMt layers were dispersed homogeneously in the HNBR matrix. The HNBR/OMt nanocomposites showed excellent mechanical properties which were attributed to the nanometer scale dispersion and strong interaction between the HNBR and OMt. The composites possessed excellent aging resistance and oil resistance, which improved with OMt content. Dynamic mechanical analysis showed that the glass-transition temperature, Tg, of the HNBR/OMt nanocomposites was increased and the nanocomposites had a good rolling resistance in comparison to pure HNBR. The composites displayed better dynamic mechanical properties.
Approach to a Descriptive Model of Charge Reduction in Vermiculite by Hydrothermal Treatment
Authors: Campos Ana M. , Moreno Sonia , Molina Rafael 
Published: March 2010

AbstractVermiculites have the potential to serve as effective catalysts if pillared with Al, but their high charge presents an obstacle to the pillaring process. The purpose of this study was to submit natural vermiculite to thermal treatments in the presence of water vapor in order to effect a reduction in the global negative charge and thereby to enhance its susceptibility to pillaring. The process of charge reduction in vermiculite under the conditions selected involved the extraction of 25% of IVAl accompanied by the extraction of structural Mg and charge-compensating cations (Ca2+, Na+, and K+). The results indicate a reduction of 35% in the global negative charge in vermiculite by the end of the treatment. Some of the VIAl content was not removed during acid washing, and probably remained in the solid in structural positions in the octahedral sheet.
Effect of Channel Catfish Stocking Rate on Yield and Water Quality in an Intensive, Mixed Suspended-Growth Production System
Authors: Green Bartholomew W 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the effect of stocking rate on yield of channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus and water quality in a mixed suspended-growth (biofloc) production system with zero water exchange. Channel catfish (National Warmwater Aquaculture Center 103 strain; average fish weight = 13 g) were stocked into nine 35-m2 tanks (28 m3/tank) at a rate of 2.9, 5.7, or 8.5 fish/m2 for a 238-d grow-out period. One 1.865-kW blower for every three tanks supplied air continuously through a diffuser grid (constructed of 2.5-cm-diameter polyvinyl chloride pipe) on the bottom of each tank. Well water was added only periodically to replace evaporative losses. Fish in each tank were fed daily as much floating catfish feed (32% protein, extruded pellets) as they could consume in a 20-min period. Channel catfish net yield ranged from 0.99 to 3.71 kg/m3 and increased linearly with stocking rate (r 2 = 0.87). At harvest, mean individual weight (0.54 kg/fish), survival (62.1%), specific growth rate (1.54% per day), and net feed conversion ratio (1.9) did not differ significantly among stocking rates. Cumulative feed addition averaged 6.66 kg/m3 for the 8.5-fish/m2 treatment, significantly greater than the 4.04 and 2.96 kg/m3 for the 5.7- and 2.9-fish/m2 treatments, respectively, which did not differ. Mean nitrate-nitrogen concentration was significantly higher and mean pH was significantly lower in the 8.5-fish/m2 treatment compared with the other two treatments. There were no other differences in water quality among treatments. Total ammonia-nitrogen concentration was low throughout the experiment because of nitrification and phytoplankton uptake. This study demonstrated that high yields of channel catfish could be obtained by stocking up to 8.5 fish/m2 in a mixed suspended-growth production system.
Plasma Cortisol, Blood Glucose, and Marketability of Koi Transported with Metomidate Hydrochloride
Authors: Crosby Tina C , Petty B Denise , Hamlin Heather J , Guillette Louis J , Hill Jeffrey E , Hartman Kathleen H , Yanong Roy P E 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
The transportation of fish is stressful and may negatively affect their health, appearance, and marketability (i.e., their appearance, behavior, and activity level). The objective of this study was to determine whether sedation with metomidate hydrochloride during transportation would inhibit elevation of the plasma cortisol and blood glucose levels of koi, a strain of common carp Cyprinus carpio, and improve their marketability relative to that of transported control fish. The metomidate concentrations tested were 0 (control), 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0 mg/L. The fish were transported for approximately 24 h via truck and domestic airline under typical shipping conditions. Blood was sampled at 0, 2, 6, and 12 h posttransportation, and appearance and behavior were observed at 0, 1, 4, 8, and 12 h and 7 d posttransportation. Immediately after transport, the plasma cortisol levels of koi in metomidate concentrations of 3.0 and 4.0 mg/L were significantly lower than those of the controls, but no differences were observed in blood glucose levels among the various metomidate treatments. Also, there were no differences in the appearance and behavior scores among transported fish, but the scores of koi transported in 0 and 4.0 mg/L were significantly lower than those of nontransported koi at 0 h posttransportation. In this experiment, a metomidate concentration of 3.0 mg/L had a transient inhibitory effect on plasma cortisol and did not have an adverse effect on appearance or behavior; it therefore represented the best concentration for the transportation of koi among those tested. However, more research is required to fully understand the effects of metomidate exposure on koi.
Culture of Pinfish at Different Stocking Densities and Salinities in Recirculating Aquaculture Systems
Authors: Ohs Cortney L , Grabe Scott W , DeSantis Shawn M , DiMaggio Matthew A , Rhyne Andrew L 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
There is great demand for marine baitfish in U.S. coastal states. The supply of marine baitfish in the United States is almost completely wild caught, and this fishery is seasonal and inconsistent. Aquaculture may be able to consistently supply marine baitfish for anglers. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of stocking density and salinity on the growth and survival of pinfish Lagodon rhomboides cultured in recirculating aquaculture systems. For the stocking density experiment, juvenile pinfish were stocked (50, 200, 400, and 600 fish/m3) into 1,600-L circular tanks in three identical recirculating systems with a salinity of 27 g/L and were cultured for 82 d. Mean survival was not statistically different among densities and ranged from 94.3% to 99.18%. Daily growth of pinfish ranged from 0.35 to 0.39 g·fish−1·d−1. Mean percent weight gain ranged from 624% to 690% and followed a density-dependent trend. Final total length followed a density-dependent pattern, with each increasing density exhibiting statistically significant decreases in length. Mean feed conversion ratio (FCR) ranged from 1.70 to 1.89. In the salinity experiment, juvenile pinfish were stocked at a density of 120 fish/m3 into 1,600-L tanks within four identical recirculating systems and were cultured for 65 d. Treatment salinities were 9 or 27 g/L; each salinity level was maintained in two systems. Two size-classes were stocked separately into two tanks within all four systems, resulting in four replicates per treatment. Mean survival was not significantly different among treatments and ranged from 98.2% to 99.9%. Mean percent weight gain ranged from 234% to 284%, with no significant differences between salinities. Mean FCR ranged from 2.5 to 3.1 and did not significantly differ between salinities, although fish in the small size-class converted feed more efficiently than those in the large size-class. Pinfish show great potential as a new aquaculture species and can be successfully cultured in recirculating systems at stocking densities of 600 fish/m3 and at a salinity as low as 9g/L.
Origin of Chironomid Larvae in Plastic-Lined Culture Ponds: Airborne or Water Supply?
Authors: Kaatz Sarah E , Morris Joseph E , Rudacille James B , Clayton Richard D 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
Twelve 0.26-m3, shallow, plastic pools at an Iowa fish culture facility were used as mesocosms to determine the mode (airborne versus water supply) and rate of colonization by benthic chironomid larvae without the predation pressure of fingerling walleyes Sander vitreus. Chironomid larvae have particular importance in the culture of walleye fingerlings. Concurrent with walleye hatchery operations in nearby plastic-lined production ponds, pools were filled and then fertilized using the same protocols as the production ponds. A 2 × 2 factorial experimental design was used that included screened (1,000-μm mesh over the top of the pools) and nonscreened pools and filtered (75-μm-mesh sock) and nonfiltered water in the pools. Chironomid larvae were sampled twice during the 5-week culture season with Hester–Dendy samplers. At the end of the walleye culture season, there were no significant differences in chironomid density between filtered (108 larvae/m2) and nonfiltered (657 larvae/m2) pools, but nonscreened pools (592 larvae/m2) had larger densities of chironomid larvae than screened pools (174 larvae/m2). These results suggest that airborne movement and egg deposition by chironomid adults, rather than transfer of organisms from the water supply reservoir to the culture facility, constitute the primary method of chironomid colonization in plastic-lined ponds.
Osmoregulatory Evaluation of the Seminole Killifish after Gradual Seawater Acclimation
Authors: DiMaggio M A , Ohs C L , Grabe S W , Petty B D , Rhyne A L 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
Aquaculture of marine baitfish species is still in its relative infancy and the increasing value of coastal property is forcing marine aquaculture inland. The Seminole killifish Fundulus seminolis, a freshwater species that is endemic to Florida, has recently emerged as a candidate for marine baitfish aquaculture. Gradual acclimation of Seminole killifish from 0-g/L salinity to natural seawater at 32-g/L salinity was carried out over 24, 48, 72, and 96 h. Physiological analyses of seawater-acclimated fish yielded elevated plasma ion (sodium, potassium, chloride) and osmolality concentrations accompanied by decreases in body weight and muscle water content. Although all of the seawater-acclimated physiological endpoints measured remained significantly different from control values, a general trend signaling the initiation of osmoregulatory compensation was noticed in 96-h values as select analytes began to migrate towards reference values derived from controls. Results of this investigation will contribute to the development of salinity acclimation protocols for use in commercial aquaculture as well as marketing and distribution strategies for the economically valuable Seminole killifish.
Surface Disinfection and Removal of Adhesiveness from Rainbow Smelt Eggs
Authors: Walker Abigail B , Ward Daniel , Duclos Kristin , Peters Michael , Berlinsky David L 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
The survival of rainbow smelt Osmerus mordax embryos was evaluated after treating fertilized eggs with tannic acid (150, 300, 600, or 1,200 mg/L) in suspension for 10 min to remove adhesiveness or treating them with calcium hypochlorite (25, 50, 75, or 100 mg/L), polyvinylpyrrolidone iodine (PVP-I; 25, 50, 75, or 100 mg/L), or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2; 500, 1,000, 1,500, or 2,000 μL/L) for 15 min to achieve surface disinfection. Nonlethal concentrations of egg disinfectants were also evaluated for their germicidal effects by culturing disinfected eggs in sterile Bacto Tryptic Soy Broth. The hatching success of the eggs treated with tannic acid (at all concentrations) was not different from that of the controls. Disinfecting eggs with H2O2 (all doses) and low doses of calcium hypochlorite (25–75 mg/L) or PVP-I (25 mg/L) did not reduce embryo survival, but exposure to calcium hypochlorite and PVP-I at higher concentrations (100 mg/L and 50, 75, or 100 mg/L, respectively) was lethal. In the first disinfection trial both H2O2 and PVP-I (25 mg/L) prevented bacterial growth, but only H2O2 at 2,000 μL/L did so in the second trial.
Mitochondrial DNA Dosage Effects in Triploid Grass Carp
Authors: Anderson Joel D 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
The grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella is used widely in aquaculture for aquatic weed control. Historically, concern about the proliferative growth of nonnative diploid grass carp populations led to development of the hydrostatic pressure shock technique for the production of sterile triploids. Despite the success of this technique in accomplishing management goals, little is known about the cellular physiology of triploids. In particular, few studies have explored whether the induction of triploidy via hydrostatic pressure shock affects mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number in addition to that of chromosomal DNA. While the nuclear DNA (nDNA): mtDNA ratio is conserved in polyploid yeast, there are few data suggesting that vertebrate polyploids have nDNA: mtDNA ratios consistent with those of their diploid counterparts. In this study, two novel quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays were used to explore gene copy number in the nuclear and mitochondrial genome of diploid and triploid grass carp and to determine whether nuclear–mitochondrial copy number differences can be exploited to determine the ploidy of individual fish. The results of this study suggest that the ratio of mtDNA to overall cellular DNA is conserved in vertebrate polyploids and that real-time assays of mtDNA copy number are not a feasible alternative to current methodologies for identifying triploid grass carp.
Fisher-Collected Sampling Data: Lessons from the New Zealand Experience
Authors: Starr Paul 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
The New Zealand fishing industry has adopted a strategy of using fishers to collect biological sampling data from their fisheries, usually on a voluntary basis. This approach can be adopted for data-poor fisheries to obtain data that would otherwise not be available. This article describes a wide range of such programs implemented in fisheries spanning a period of 15 years. This article also reveals the designs employed, how these data have been used in stock assessment and fisheries management situations, and some of the problems encountered in administering these programs. I conclude that while these programs need supervision and support in order to succeed, the benefits that can accrue are considerable. These benefits include a dynamic sampling design that should ensure good representation of the fishery and the involvement of fishers in collecting the data used to manage their fishery.
Developing British Columbia's Inshore Rockfish Conservation Strategy
Authors: Yamanaka K. Lynne , Logan Gary 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
The hook-and-line fishery for inshore rockfishes Sebastes spp. in British Columbia is diverse, with participants in directed commercial, recreational, and Aboriginal fisheries, as well as other incidental fisheries coastwide. Rockfish species targeted in this fishery are yelloweye rockfish S. ruberrimus and quillback rockfish S. maliger. Expansion of the fishery outpaced management's effort controls, and catch quotas were implemented in the early 1990s. Conservation concerns largely based on life history traits resulted in restrictions to the directed fishery, but other fisheries remained unmanaged. A growing mismatch between the demands of fishery management and the difficulties of inshore rockfish stock assessment led to the development of a conservation strategy in 2001. The strategy included the following four components: comprehensive catch monitoring; dramatically reduced fishing mortality; extensive fishery closed areas; and improved stock assessment and monitoring. Targets were met in 2002 by reducing the fishing mortality rate by 75% in the protected waters east of Vancouver Island (inside area) and by 50% in the remaining open-coast waters (outside area). Research survey programs were reinstated by the provision of funds in 2003. An intricate catch accounting and monitoring proposal from industry set the rules in a pilot groundfish licensing integration program launched in 2006. Progress continues to be made on this difficult task. Areas closed to all fishing were implemented in 30% of the rockfish habitats throughout the inside area and in 20% of the outside area in 2007. Key to the development of the strategy was the consultation process. Consensus-based decision making within the Department of Fisheries and Oceans and the organization and commitment of industry participants contributed to this success. Open communication and respectful conduct brought participants to the table and kept them engaged. Without the consultation process and the benefits from this exchange, the conservation strategy would not have been possible.