bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
WELL‐BEING IN THE NETHERLANDS: A SPATIAL PERSPECTIVE
Authors: PELLENBARG PIET H. , VAN STEEN PAUL J.M. 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACTBoth scientists and politicians increasingly emphasise the importance of well‐being as an indicator for economic performance, next to purely financial indicators such as national income and product accounts. There is an ongoing discussion about the most appropriate indicators to measure well‐being. In this paper we use the set of eight ‘life situation indicators’ used by the Netherlands Institute for Social Research, and concentrate on the regional dimension of well‐being, by comparing the spatial variation in well‐being in the Netherlands with the spatial patterns of the separate life situation indicators, that have been shown in this years' series of The Netherlands in Maps, in the successive issues of TESG's 2011 volume. We conclude that the highest levels of life satisfaction are reported for regions where the levels of good health and home ownership are high.
Optimal Taxation of Human Capital and the Earnings Function
Authors: JACOBS BAS , BOVENBERG A. LANS 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThis paper explores how the specification of the earnings function impacts optimal nonlinear taxes on human capital under optimal nonlinear income taxation. If education is complementary to labor effort, education should be subsidized to offset tax distortions on labor supply. However, if education is complementary to ability, education should be taxed in order to redistribute income. If education is weakly separable from labor and ability in the earnings function, these two effects cancel and education should be neither taxed nor subsidized.
Managing sexually harmful behaviour in a residential special school
Authors: Pritchard Duncan , Graham Nicola , Ikin Annette , Penney Heather , Kovacs Lisa , Mercer Dawn , Edwards Richard , Jones Dylan , Mace Floyd Charles 
Published: November 2011

Accessible summary
Children and young people with learning disabilities who present sexually harmful behaviour are often not allowed into the community.
This study describes the work carried out with a boy with sexually harmful behaviour attending a residential special school.
The staff helped teach the boy how to behave in social situations and about sex, consent and relationships.
Afterwards, the boy was able to participate in supervised community activities.
SummaryChildren and young people with learning disabilities who present sexually harmful behaviour are marginalised and do not always participate in community activities. This case study describes a multi‐component intervention that successfully reduced the sexually harmful behaviour of a 16‐year‐old boy with a mild learning disability. The intervention was comprised of cognitive behaviour therapy, Social Stories™ and a behavioural programme that reinforced appropriate behaviour with social praise and access to preferred items and a range of community activities. Following the intervention, he was able to participate in a wide range of supervised community activities.
Promotional efforts of muscadine wines and muscadine‐related products: the case of southern United States wineries
Authors: Alonso Abel Duarte 
Published: November 2011

AbstractMuscadine grapes are native to the southern United States, where they have been grown and consumed for generations. Apart from extensive coverage provided in scientific research concerning their healthy properties, to date very little has been researched about other areas of the muscadine grapes, muscadine wines and related products. For example, in an era when the ‘local’ aspect of foods can have a strong impact on both consumers and food growers, very little has been researched from an entrepreneurial, marketing and (wine) tourism perspective. In this context, academic literature investigating winery operators' efforts in promoting and selling muscadine products through the cellar door is almost inexistent. The present study examines this area from the perspective of 31 operators of family‐run wineries located in several southern states. The findings demonstrate agreement among respondents about the critical need to promote the ‘local’ aspect of muscadine wines, as well as other value‐added muscadine products. Some operators refer to the need to support local/state farmers following ‘buy local’ slogans, while others are reacting at consumers' demands for local products. Arguably, as more muscadine wineries are established in some of the southern states, muscadine wines may become more popular and more accepted by mainstream consumers. However, muscadine winery operators are confronted by several challenges such as the lack of resources and support to invest in or expand their promotional efforts; in some cases, state legislation prevents operators from distributing their products outside the cellar door. With so many wines and other beverages consumers can find in retail stores and in the hospitality industry today, the strengthening of current promotional efforts at the cellar door and introducing consumers to a relatively unknown local product (as compared with Vitis vinifera wines) become critical for southern winery operators.
Commentary: A World Fit for Youth
Authors: de Berry Jo 
Published: November 2011

AbstractYoung people require more than good health and educational attainment in order to make the transition to a fulfilling and productive adult life. In addition they require life skills, confidence, and the ability to explore development avenues; they will benefit from societal and cultural investments that recognize the value of and equip them with such social, emotional, and skill resources. Essentially they must be given the chance to express and act out their own agency in navigating the constraints and opportunities around them.
“If You Work in This Country You Should Not be Poor, and Your Kids Should be Doing Better”: Bringing Mixed Methods and Theory in Psychological Anthropology to Improve Research in Policy and Practice
Authors: Weisner Thomas S. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractNewHope (NH) was a successful poverty reduction program that offered a positive social contract to working‐poor adults. If you worked full time, you were eligible to receive income supplements, childcare vouchers, health care benefits, a community service job, and client respect.NHdid reduce poverty and increase income and earnings for some participants, and improved outcomes for some children. But in spite of relatively generous benefits,NHwas only selectively effective. Only those not working whenNHbegan and those with few barriers to work were positively affected by the program through achieving more work hours, poverty reduction, and income gains. Boys in program families benefited, girls did not. Take‐up ofNHbenefits was typically partial and episodic; for instance, some parents would not use childcare programs for young children. Ethnographic evidence was essential for understanding these sometimes‐surprising program impacts and their policy and practice implications, and was effectively combined with an experimental, random‐assignment research design. Psychological anthropology can bring its traditions of integrating qualitative and quantitative methods and its focus on experience, context, and meaning to understanding and improving policies and practices within a scientific frame of the committed, fair witness.
Timing of screening for gestational diabetes mellitus in women with moderate and severe obesity
Authors: O’DWYER VICKY , FARAH NADINE , HOGAN JENNIFER , O’CONNOR NORAH , KENNELLY MAIREAD M. , TURNER MICHAEL J. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractObjective. We evaluated screening with a diagnostic oral glucose tolerance test earlier than 20 weeks gestation in women with moderate to severe obesity. Design. Prospective observational study. Setting. Large university teaching hospital. Population. We enrolled 100 women booking for antenatal care in the first trimester at their convenience. Methods. Height and weight were measured and body mass index calculated. Only women with a body mass index>34.9 kg/m2 were included. Women were booked for a 100 g oral glucose tolerance test before 20 weeks and, if normal, another test at 28 weeks gestation. Main outcome measures. Impaired glucose tolerance and gestational diabetes mellitus. Results. Of the 100 women given an appointment for an oral glucose tolerance test before 20 weeks gestation, 92 attended. Of these, 10 (10.8%) women had an abnormal result, with impaired glucose tolerance in five (5.4%) cases and gestational diabetes mellitus in five (5.4%) cases. Of those with a normal result at 20 weeks, 81 attended for a repeat test at 28 weeks gestation. A further four (4.9%) had impaired glucose tolerance and four (4.9%) had gestational diabetes mellitus. A total of 18 (20.5%) of the 88 women who complied with screening had an abnormal test. Conclusions. Women who have moderate/severe obesity have a one in five chance of having an abnormal diagnostic oral glucose tolerance test when screened for gestational diabetes mellitus. To optimize maternal glycemic control in pregnancy, we suggest that women with a body mass index>34.9 kg/m2 may need to be screened early in pregnancy and, if the test is normal, again at 28 weeks gestation.
How Nurse Practitioners Make Decisions Regarding Coronary Heart Disease Risk: A Social Judgment Analysis
Authors: Stamp Kelly D. 
Published: November 2011

PURPOSE:  Understanding how nurse practitioners use clinical decision skills in practice has the potential to guide education programs to ensure safe, competent, and high quality advanced nursing practice. This study used the lens of social judgment theory to examine the clinical decision making of 60 nurse practitioners.METHODS:  A three‐group pretest–posttest comparison design was used to evaluate how much insight nurse practitioners had into their clinical decision‐making process.FINDINGS:  Nurse practitioners had modest insight into their clinical decision‐making process.CONCLUSION:  Self‐insight has implications for enhancing nurses' decision making, improving education, and fostering agreement among advanced practice nurses.IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE:  Self‐insight has implications for developing professional decision making and promoting appropriate educational opportunities for advanced practice nurses.
Case Study: A Young Male With Auditory Hallucinations in Paranoid Schizophrenia
Authors: Kotowski Abigail 
Published: November 2011

PURPOSE.  The purpose of this case study is to demonstrate use of the nursing process and the standardized nursing languages of NANDA International (NANDA‐I), the Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC), and the Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) to assist a young male with paranoid schizophrenia to deal with auditory hallucinations.DATA SOURCES.  Data were obtained from the experience and expertise of the author and published literature.DATA SYNTHESIS.  This case study demonstrates nurses' clinical decision making in providing care for an adolescent with mental illness.CONCLUSION.  This case study provides the pertinent nursing diagnosis, patient outcomes, and nursing interventions for a young male with auditory hallucinations in paranoid schizophrenia.IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING.  The use of NANDA‐I, NOC, and NIC can provide the necessary framework for enhancing and improving the management of care with patients who experience auditory hallucinations in paranoid schizophrenia.
The Return of Results of Deceased Research Participants
Authors: Tassé Anne Marie 
Published: November 2011

Until the mid-20th century, biomedical research centered on the study of specific diseases, concerned with short periods of time and small groups of living research participants. However, the growth of longitudinal population studies and long-term biobanking now forces the research community to examine the possibility of the death of their research participants.The death of a research participant raises numerous ethical and legal issues, including the return of deceased individuals’ research results to related family members. As with the return of individual research results for living research participants, the question of the obligation to return a deceased person’s research results to family members has yet to be settled. This question is particularly acute in the context of genetic research since the research results from one individual may have health implications for all biological relatives.
The relationship of leukocyte anisocytosis to holotranscobalamin, a marker of cobalamin deficiency
Authors: RISCH C. , MEDINA P. , NYDEGGER U. E. , BAHADOR Z. , BRINKMANN T. , Von LANDENBERG P. , RISCH M. , RISCH L. 
Published: November 2011

SummaryIntroduction:  After measurement of the mean volumes of leukocyte subpopulations as well as the distribution widths (DW) of these volumes has become available, we investigated whether such morphometric leukocyte parameters are associated with a commonly used marker of cobalamin deficiency, i.e., holotranscobalamin (HoloTC). Further, we determined reference intervals for these parameters in an elderly population.Methods:  Consecutive subjectively healthy and volunteering individuals ≥60 years were included. Using the UniCel DxH 800 Coulter Cellular Analysis System MoMV, mean neutrophil volume (NeMV), mean lymphocyte volume (LyMV), monocyte anisocytosis (MoV‐DW), neutrophil anisocytosis (NeV‐DW), and lymphocyte anisocytosis (LyV‐DW) were assessed together with other parameters including HoloTC.Results:  A total of 150 individuals were included in the study. Reference intervals were not dependent on age and gender. MoV‐DW (P = 0.002) and NeV‐DW (P = 0.02) were significantly lower, and LyMV was significantly higher (P = 0.04) in participants with a HoloTC concentration <28 pm. In contrast, MCV, MoMV, NeMV, and LyV‐DW were not associated with HoloTC concentrations. The area under the curve (AUC) in the receiver operating characteristic analysis for detecting a HoloTC <28 pm was 0.81 [95% confidence interval (CI) (0.73, 0.87)] for MoV‐DW and 0.73 (0.66, 0.80) for NeV‐DW.Conclusion:  In this collective of subjectively healthy elderly individuals, monocyte anisocytosis, neutrophil anisocytosis and mean lymphocyte volume were associated with decreased HoloTC.
Palliative medicine and smartphones: an opportunity for innovation?: Table 1
Authors: Nwosu Amara Callistus , Mason Stephen 
Published: November 2011

BackgroundThe use of smartphones and their software applications (apps) provides health professionals with opportunities to integrate technology into clinical practice. Increasing numbers of work-related apps are available to health professionals, especially in certain specialties such as orthopaedics. However, so far the availability of apps specific to palliative medicine is limited.ObjectivesTo review all smartphone apps targeted at health professionals within palliative medicine and available for the five most popular operating systems (iPhone, Blackberry, Android, Palm and Windows) .MethodsEach smartphone app store was systematically searched with a combination of the following keywords: palliative, pain, cancer, symptoms, medicine. Identified apps were purchased and tested to determine if their title and/or description was relevant to palliative care.ResultsSix apps specific to palliative medicine were identified across all five operating systems. These consisted of blog orientated apps (Pallimed and Geripal), an app containing guidelines from eight cancer networks (PalliApp), an educational app (Palliative Care) and opioid dose converter apps (eOpioid and PalliCalc).ConclusionsThere is a lack of palliative medicine specific resources for smartphones and no studies have been published which examine the potential benefits of mobile technology for learning, clinical practice and professional development. This provides an opportunity for further research and development. Academic institutions could work with technological developers to improve access to, and dissemination of, key information for practice. Considered development of mobile technology has the potential to improve patient care, data sharing and education within the palliative medicine specialty.
Intelligence across childhood in relation to illegal drug use in adulthood: 1970 British Cohort Study
Authors: White James , Batty G David 
Published: November 2011

BackgroundRecent reports have linked high childhood IQ scores with excess alcohol intake and alcohol dependency in adult life, but the relationship with illegal drug use in later life is relatively unknown.MethodsThe authors used data from a large population-based birth cohort (1970 British Cohort Study) with measures of lifetime cannabis and cocaine use, parental social class and psychological distress at 16 years; cannabis, cocaine, amphetamine, ecstasy and polydrug use (more than three drugs) in the past 12 months; and social class, educational attainment and gross monthly income at 30 years. All members of the cohort with IQ scores at 5 or 10 years were eligible to be included in the analyses.ResultsOf the 11 603 (at 5 years) and 11 397 (at 10 years) cohort members eligible, 7904 (68.1%) and 7946 (69.7%) were included in the analyses. IQ scores at 5 years were positively associated with cannabis (OR(bottom vs top tertile)=2.25, 95% CI 1.71 to 2.97) and cocaine use (OR 2.35, 95% CI 1.41 to 3.92) in women and with amphetamines (OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.03 to 2.06), ecstasy (OR 1.65, 95% CI 1.15 to 2.36) and polydrug use (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.09 to 2.26) in men at 30 years. IQ scores at 10 years were positively associated with cannabis, cocaine (only at 30 years), ecstasy, amphetamine and polydrug use. Associations were stronger in women than in men and were independent from psychological distress in adolescence and life-course socioeconomic position.ConclusionHigh childhood IQ may increase the risk of illegal drug use in adolescence and adulthood.
Extraction and inhibition of enzymatic activity of botulinum neurotoxins /B1, /B2, /B3, /B4, and /B5 by a panel of monoclonal anti-BoNT/B antibodies
Authors: Kalb Suzanne R , Santana Wanda I , Geren Isin N , Garcia-Rodriguez Consuelo , Lou Jianlong , Smith Theresa J , Marks James D , Smith Leonard A , Pirkle James L , Barr John R 
Published: November 2011

Abstract

Background
Botulism is caused by botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs), extremely toxic proteins which can induce respiratory failure leading to long-term intensive care or death. Treatment for botulism includes administration of antitoxins, which must be administered early in the course of the intoxication; therefore, rapid determination of human exposure to BoNT is an important public health goal. In previous work, our laboratory reported on Endopep-MS, a mass spectrometry-based activity method for detecting and differentiating BoNT/A, /B, /E, and /F in clinical samples. We also demonstrated that antibody-capture is effective for purification and concentration of BoNTs from complex matrices such as clinical samples. However, some antibodies inhibit or neutralize the enzymatic activity of BoNT, so the choice of antibody for toxin extraction is critical.

Results
In this work, we evaluated 24 anti-BoNT/B monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for their ability to inhibit the in vitro activity of BoNT/B1, /B2, /B3, /B4, and /B5 and to extract those toxins. Among the mAbs, there were significant differences in ability to extract BoNT/B subtypes and inhibitory effect on BoNT catalytic activity. Some of the mAbs tested enhanced the in vitro light chain activity of BoNT/B, suggesting that BoNT/B may undergo conformational change upon binding some mAbs.

Conclusions
In addition to determining in vitro inhibition abilities of a panel of mAbs against BoNT/B1-/B5, this work has determined B12.2 and 2B18.2 to be the best mAbs for sample preparation before Endopep-MS. These mAb characterizations also have the potential to assist with mechanistic studies of BoNT/B protection and treatment, which is important for studying alternative therapeutics for botulism.
Nuclear Receptor HNF4α Binding Sequences are Widespread in Alu Repeats
Authors: Bolotin Eugene , Chellappa Karthikeyani , Hwang-Verslues Wendy , Schnabl Jake M , Yang Chuhu , Sladek Frances M 
Published: November 2011

Abstract

Background
Alu repeats, which account for ~10% of the human genome, were originally considered to be junk DNA. Recent studies, however, suggest that they may contain transcription factor binding sites and hence possibly play a role in regulating gene expression.

Results
Here, we show that binding sites for a highly conserved member of the nuclear receptor superfamily of ligand-dependent transcription factors, hepatocyte nuclear factor 4alpha (HNF4α, NR2A1), are highly prevalent in Alu repeats. We employ high throughput protein binding microarrays (PBMs) to show that HNF4α binds > 66 unique sequences in Alu repeats that are present in ~1.2 million locations in the human genome. We use chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) to demonstrate that HNF4α binds Alu elements in the promoters of target genes (ABCC3, APOA4, APOM, ATPIF1, CANX, FEMT1A, GSTM4, IL32, IP6K2, PRLR, PRODH2, SOCS2, TTR) and luciferase assays to show that at least some of those Alu elements can modulate HNF4α-mediated transactivation in vivo (APOM, PRODH2, TTR, APOA4). HNF4α-Alu elements are enriched in promoters of genes involved in RNA processing and a sizeable fraction are in regions of accessible chromatin. Comparative genomics analysis suggests that there may have been a gain in HNF4α binding sites in Alu elements during evolution and that non Alu repeats, such as Tiggers, also contain HNF4α sites.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that HNF4α, in addition to regulating gene expression via high affinity binding sites, may also modulate transcription via low affinity sites in Alu repeats.
Clinicoradiological changes of brain NK/T cell lymphoma manifesting pure akinesia: a case report
Authors: Ishihara Susumu , Kano Osamu , Ikeda Ken , Shimokawa Reiko , Kawabe Kiyokazu , Iwasaki Yasuo 
Published: November 2011

Abstract

Background
Pure akinesia (PA) is a distinct form of parkinsonism characterized by freezing phenomena. Little is known about brain tumor-associated PA. We highlight the clinicoradiological changes in a patient with PA and central nervous system (CNS) metastases of natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (NKTL).

Case presentation
A 68-year-old man with stage IVB extranodal NKTL developed a gait disturbance. Neurological examination of his gait revealed freezing, start hesitation, short step, forward flexion posture, festination and postural instability. Mild facial hypomimia and micrographia were observed. There was no rigidity or tremor in any of the four extremities. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) displayed T2-hyperintense lesions in the dorsal brainstem, cerebellum and periventricular white matter. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) revealed hyperintensity in these regions. Cerebrospinal fluid cytology revealed CD56-positive cells on immunohistochemical staining. The patient's neurological deficits did not respond to L-dopa treatment and intrathecal administration of methotrexate (MTX). Two weeks later, he displayed confusion and generalized convulsions. T2-hyperintense lesions spread to the basal ganglia and the infratentorial regions. Gadolinium enhancement was observed in the cerebellum and frontal subcortex. DWI and the ADC revealed diffusion-restricted lesions in the middle cerebellar peduncles, left internal capsules and cerebral white matter. MTX pulse therapy and intrathecal administration of cytosine arabinoside and MTX were performed. Two months later, his ambulatory state was normalized. Brain MRI also revealed marked alleviation of the infratentorial and supratentorial lesions.

Conclusions
The clinicoradiological profile of our patient suggested that dorsal ponto-mesencephalic lesions could contribute to the pathogenesis of PA. Physicians should pay more attention to striking CNS seeding of metastatic NKTL. MTX pulse therapy had an excellent effect in improving serious symptoms and brain lesions in our patient.