bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accelerated aortic imaging using small field of view imaging and electrocardiogram‐triggered quadruple inversion recovery magnetization preparation
Authors: Peel Sarah A. , Hussain Tarique , Cecelja Marina , Abbas Abeera , Greil Gerald F. , Chowienczyk Philip , Spector Tim , Smith Alberto , Waltham Matthew , Botnar Rene M. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractPurpose:To accelerate and optimize black blood properties of the quadruple inversion recovery (QIR) technique for imaging the abdominal aortic wall.Materials and Methods:QIR inversion delays were optimized for different heart rates in simulations and phantom studies by minimizing the steady state magnetization of blood for T1 = 100–1400 ms. To accelerate and improve black blood properties of aortic vessel wall imaging, the QIR prepulse was combined with zoom imaging and (a) “traditional” and (b) “trailing” electrocardiogram (ECG) triggering. Ten volunteers were imaged pre‐ and post‐contrast administration using a conventional ECG‐triggered double inversion recovery (DIR) and the two QIR implementations in combination with a zoom‐TSE readout.Results:The QIR implemented with “trailing” ECG‐triggering resulted in consistently good blood suppression as the second inversion delay was timed during maximum systolic flow in the aorta. The blood signal‐to‐noise ratio and vessel wall to blood contrast‐to‐noise ratio, vessel wall sharpness, and image quality scores showed a statistically significant improvement compared with the traditional QIR implementation with and without ECG‐triggering.Conclusion:We demonstrate that aortic vessel wall imaging can be accelerated with zoom imaging and that “trailing” ECG‐triggering improves black blood properties of the aorta which is subject to motion and variable blood flow during the cardiac cycle. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2011;. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Diffusion‐weighted MRI: Role in detecting abdominopelvic internal fistulas and sinus tracts
Authors: Schmid‐Tannwald Christine , Agrawal Garima , Dahi Farid , Sethi Ila , Oto Aytekin 
Published: September 2011

AbstractPurpose:To retrospectively determine the incremental value of diffusion‐weighted MR‐imaging (DW‐MRI) to T2‐weighted (T2w) images in diagnosis of internal fistulas (IFs) and sinus tracts (STs).Materials and Methods:Fourteen patients with 25 IFs and STs arising from the small bowel (20), colon (4) and biliary tract (1) were included. Two independent observers reviewed T2w images, T2w+DW‐MRI images and T2w+contrast enhanced T1‐weighted (CE T1w) images at three sessions to detect IF/ST based on a confidence scale of five. Sensitivity and confidence score of each session was compared.Results:10/25 (40%) and 9/25 (36%) IFs and STs were detected on T2w images by observer 1 and 2, respectively. Both observers detected 19/25 (76%) and 24/25(96%) IFs and STs on T2w+DW‐MRI and T2w+CE T1w images, respectively. Detection rate and confidence score improved significantly by combining T2w images with DW‐MRI or CE T1w images (reader 1 + 2: P ≤ 0.01). There was no significant difference between the IF/ST detection rate of T2w+DW‐MRI and T2w+CE T1 image combinations. Confidence scores with T2w+CE T1w images were significantly greater than DW‐MRI+T2w images (reader 1:P = 0.01; reader 2: P = 0.03).Conclusion:DW‐MRI showed additional value to T2w imaging for diagnosis of IF and ST. DW‐MRI can be a useful adjunct, especially for patients with renal failure. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012;35:125‐131. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Hyphal morphology modification in thermal adaptation by the white‐rot fungus Fomes sp. EUM1
Authors: Ordaz Armando , Favela Ernesto , Meneses Marcos , Mendoza German , Loera Octavio 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA thermotolerant white‐rot fungus was identified as Fomes sp. EUM1. The strain exhibited maximum growth at 30 °C, with activation and inactivation energy values of 68 and 32 kJ/mol, respectively. The temperature affected the hyphal morphology, which was related to the thermotolerance of the microorganism: A shift from 30 to 40 °C in the growth temperature caused a decrease (15%) in mycelium branching; also longer (32%) and thinner (13%) hyphae were produced. In addition, as the temperature rose from 25 to 45 °C, an increase was observed in both the hyphal surface area (43%) and the surface growth rate (193%). The modification of the hyphal morphology suggests a strategy to colonize nutrient‐rich areas while spending minimal energy for biomass formation under thermal stress. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Characterization of rhizobia from legumes of agronomic interest grown in semi‐arid areas of Central Spain relates genetic differences to soil properties
Authors: Ruiz‐Díez Beatriz , Fajardo Susana , del Rosario de Felipe María , Fernández‐Pascual Mercedes 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA study of symbiotic bacteria from traditional agricultural legumes from Central Spain was performed to create a collection of rhizobia from soils differing in physicochemical, analytical and/or agroecological properties which could be well‐adapted to the environmental conditions of this region, and be used for sustainable agricultural practices. Thirty‐six isolates were obtained from root‐nodules of fifteen legume species (including Cicer arietinum, Lathyrus sativus, Lens culinaris, Lupinus spp., Medicago sativa, Phaseolus vulgaris, Pisum sativum, and Vicia spp.) from three agriculture areas with soils of different pHs and from a forest area with undisturbed soils. Phenotypical characterization revealed uniformity across the thirty‐six isolates, with important exceptions in terms of environmental tolerance (three isolates survived at high temperatures, three at high salinity and three at acid pH). The molecular analysis of 16S rRNA gene showed a close relationship of twenty‐nine isolates to Rhizobium leguminosarum, one to Rhizobium gallicum, one to Mesorhizobium ciceri, two to Sinorhizobium (Ensifer) meliloti and three to Bradyrhizobium canariense. The sequence analysis of a symbiosis‐specific gene, nod C, showed a correlation with the plant host and grouped twenty‐six isolates with Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae, establishing the diversity in relation to legume‐host. The 16S‐23S rRNA intergenic spacer (IGS) region allowed for intraspecific differentiation, so that strains with equal 16S rRNA were grouped by means of their soil origin. These results indicated that phenotypical and genetically related strains may be widely distributed in this region and that soil abiotic characteristics could have a substantial bearing on the selection of the strains living in each environment. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Dynamics and diversity of phosphate mineralizing bacteria in the coral reefs of Gulf of Mannar
Authors: Kannapiran E. , Ravindran J. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractPhosphatase Producing Bacteria (PPB) and Inorganic Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria (IPSB) are important to reef nutrition. These microbes and phosphate concentration play a significant role in the productivity of coral reef ecosystems. A study was conducted in Gulf of Mannar coral reef ecosystem to understand the diversity of these groups of bacteria and their competence in mineralizing the phosphate. The PPB isolates were identified under six genera i.e. Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Micrococcus, Vibrio, Arthrobacter and Brevibacterium. Likewise, the IPSB isolates were also identified that belong to six genera i.e. Bacillus, Arthrobacter, Pseudomonas, Flavobacterium, Flavomonas and Micrococcus. Among the PPB and IPSB strains, Bacillus represented more number of species than others. PPB exhibited maximum activity between pH 8 and 9 and the lowest was at pH 6. Among the phosphatase producers Bacillus cereus (546) showed maximum activity (0.333 mmol/l P) at pH 8. In general, the phosphatase activity in most of the Bacillus species varied with reference to different pH. The species Bacillus megaterium (573) showed highest phosphate solubilizing activity (0.906 mmol/l P) by producing 2‐ketogluconic acid. The production of organic acids and phosphatase enzymes by these bacterial groups are responsible for the conversion of insoluble inorganic and organic phosphates into soluble forms which are available for the reef organisms. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Acanthamoeba polyphaga, a potential environmental vector for the transmission of food‐borne and opportunistic pathogens
Authors: Anacarso Immacolata , de Niederhäusern Simona , Messi Patrizia , Guerrieri Elisa , Iseppi Ramona , Sabia Carla , Bondi Moreno 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe endosymbiotic relationship could represent for many bacteria an important condition favouring their spread in the environment and in foods. For this purpose we studied the behaviour of some food‐borne and opportunistic pathogens (Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis, Aeromonas hydrophila, Yersinia enterocolitica) when internalized in Acanthamoeba polyphaga. Our results confirm the capability of the bacteria tested to grow within amoebal hosts. We can observe two types of interactions of the bacteria internalized in A. polyphaga. The first type, showed by Y. enterocolitica and A. hydrophila, was characterized by an early replication, probably followed by the killing and digestion of the bacteria. The second type, showed by E. faecalis and S. aureus was characterized by the persistence and grow inside the host without lysis. Lastly, when amoebae were co‐cultured with L. monocytogenes and S. Enteritidis, an eclipse phase followed by an active intracellular growth was observed, suggesting a third type of predator‐prey trend. The extracellular count in presence of A. polyphaga, as a result of an intracellular multiplication and subsequent release, was characterized by an increase of E. faecalis, S. aureus, L. monocytogenes and S. Enteritidis, and by a low or absent cell count for Y. enterocolitica and A. hydrophila. Our study suggests that the investigated food‐borne and opportunistic pathogens are, in most cases, able to interact with A. polyphaga, to intracellularly replicate and, lastly, to be potentially spread in the environment, underlining the possible role of this protozoan in food contamination. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Culture‐independent analysis of the soil bacterial assemblage at the Great Salt Plains of Oklahoma
Authors: Caton Ingrid R. , Schneegurt Mark A. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe Great Salt Plains (GSP) of Oklahoma is a natural inland terrestrial hypersaline environment that forms evaporite crusts of mainly NaCl. Previous work described GSP bacterial assemblages through the phylogenetic and phenetic characterization of 105 isolates from 46 phylotypes. The current report describes the same bacterial assemblages through culture‐independent 16S rRNA gene clone libraries. Although from similar hypersaline mud flats, the bacterial libraries from two sites, WP3 and WP6, were quite different. The WP3 library was dominated by cyanobacteria, mainly Cyanothece and Euhalothece. The WP6 library was rich in anaerobic sulfur‐cycle organisms, including abundant Desulfuromonas. This pattern likely reflects differences in abiotic factors, such as frequency of flooding and hydrologic push. While more than 100 OTUs were identified, the assemblages were not as diverse, based on Shannon indexes, as bacterial communities from oligohaline soils. Since natural inland hypersaline soils are relatively unstudied, it was not clear what kind of bacteria would be present. The bacterial assemblage is predominantly genera typically found in hypersaline systems, although some were relatives of microbes common in oligohaline and marine environments. The bacterial clones did not reflect wide functional diversity, beyond phototrophs, sulfur metabolizers, and numerous heterotrophs. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Encapsulation of thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.) aqueous extract in calcium alginate beads
Authors: Stojanovic Radoslava , Belscak‐Cvitanovic Ana , Manojlovic Verica , Komes Drazenka , Nedovic Viktor , Bugarski Branko 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND: Encapsulation of Thymus serpyllum L. aqueous extract within calcium alginate beads was studied in order to produce dosage formulations containing polyphenolic compounds. Electrostatic extrusion was applied for encapsulation of thyme aqueous extract in alginate gel beads. In addition to hydrogel beads, heat‐dried and freeze‐dried forms of beads were examined.METHODS: Encapsulation systems were examined and compared in order to choose the optimal one with respect to entrapment efficiency, preservation of antioxidant activity and thermal behaviour under heating conditions simulating the usual food processing.RESULTS: The beads obtained with approximately 2 mg g−1 of gallic acid equivalents encapsulated in 0.015 g mL−1 of alginate were spheres of a uniform size of about 730 µm. Encapsulation efficiency varied in the range 50‐80% depending on the encapsulation method. Besides, the analysis reveals that the encapsulation process and the material used did not degrade the bioactive compounds, as the total antioxidant content remained unchanged. This was verified by Fourier transform infrared analysis, which proved the absence of chemical interactions between extracted compounds and alginate. Addition of a filler substance, such as sucrose and inulin, in the dried product reduced its collapse and roundness distortion during drying process.CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the potential of using hydrogel material for encapsulation of plant poplyphenols to improve their functionality and stability in food products. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Nutritional composition of Zizyphus lotus L. seeds
Authors: Chouaibi Moncef , Mahfoudhi Nesrine , Rezig Leila , Donsì Francesco , Ferrari Giovanna , Hamdi Salem 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND: Zizyphus lotus seeds are an unutilized source of vegetable oil and protein and nothing has been reported on their physicochemical characteristics which would indicate the potential uses of these seeds.RESULTS: The percentage composition of the Zizyphus lotus seeds is (on a dry‐weight basis): ash 1.05%, oil 32.92%, protein 19.11%, total carbohydrate 40.87% and moisture 6.05%. Calcium, potassium and magnesium constitute the major minerals of Zizyphus lotus seeds. The seed proteins are rich in threonine, glutamic acid, leucine, arginine and aspartic acid (26.73%, 17.28%, 13.11%, 9.47% and 7.76%, respectively). The main fatty acids of the oil are oleic (61.93%), linoleic (18.31%) and palmitic (9.14%) acids. Glycerol trioleate (OOO; O: oleic acid) was the most abundant triacylglycerol, representing 26.48% of the total triacyglycerols. β‐Tocopherol was the major tocopherol (130.47 mg 100 g−1). This oil was rich in Δ7‐campestrol and β‐sitosterol (147.82 and 82.10 mg 100 g−1 oil), respectively.CONCLUSION: Zizyphus lotus seeds are rich in fat and protein which are of potential industrial significance. In addition, Zizyphus lotus L. seed oil contained many bioactive compounds. This fact is of great economic interest owing to several applications of Zizyphus lotus L. seeds in the food, cosmetics and medicinal industries. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Meta‐analysis of laparoscopy‐assisted distal gastrectomy with D2 lymph node dissection for gastric cancer
Authors: Ding Jie , Liao Guo‐Qing , Liu He‐Li , Liu Sheng , Tang Jing 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBackgroundTo assess the value of laparoscopy‐assisted distal gastrectomy with D2 dissection for treatment of gastric cancer.MethodsWe collected studies that have compared laparoscopy‐assisted distal gastrectomy (LADG) and open distal gastrectomy (ODG) with D2 dissection for treatment of gastric cancer in the past 15 years. Data of interest for LADG and ODG were subjected to meta‐analysis using a fixed‐effect and random‐effect model.ResultsWe analyzed 8 studies that included 1,065 patients. There were significant differences in operating time, blood loss, time to first flatus and first eating, postoperative hospital stay, and postoperative complications between the LADG and ODG groups. Compared with the ODG group, blood loss and complications in the LADG group decreased, time to recovery of gastrointestinal function and hospitalization period were shorter, but operating time was longer. There were no significant differences in the number of harvested lymph nodes, mortality, and rate of recurrence between the groups.ConclusionsCompared with ODG, LADG with D2 dissection has the advantages of minimal invasion, faster recovery, and fewer complications, and it can achieve the same degree of radicality and short‐term prognosis as ODG. The drawbacks are that the operating time is slightly longer and long‐term prognosis is not clear. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 105:297–303. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Primary liver cancer presenting as pyogenic liver abscess: Characteristics, diagnosis, and management
Authors: Li Cong , Li Guangbing , Miao Ruoyu , Lu Xin , Zhong Shouxian , Sang Xinting , Mao Yilei , Zhao Haitao 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesPrimary liver cancer (PLC) presenting as pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) is potentially life‐threatening, but has been occasionally reported, especially for cholangiocarcinoma.MethodsMedical records of nine patients who presented as PLA, but were eventually confirmed as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC; n = 5) or intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC; n = 4), from September 1997 through April 2011, were retrospectively reviewed.ResultsPresenting symptoms included fever, chills, right‐upper‐quadrant abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, and diarrhea. Physical signs included tenderness in the right‐upper‐quadrant abdomen, jaundice, and ascites. With the exception of elevated alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) in HCC patients and elevated carbohydrate antigen 19‐9 (CA19‐9) in IHCC patients, lab results were not significantly different between these nine patients and PLA patients. All the nine patients underwent invasive treatment in addition to antibiotics.ConclusionsElevated AFP and CA19‐9 could suggest HCC and IHCC in patients with symptoms/signs typical of PLA. Contrast‐enhanced computed tomography could be helpful in patients with normal AFP and CA19‐9. Making an accurate and early diagnosis and seizing the opportunity of surgery are essential to improve the management strategies of patients with PLC mimicking PLA. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 105:687–691. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Impact of perineal pseudocontinent colostomy on perineal wound healing after abdominoperineal resection
Authors: Dumont Frédéric , Souadka Amine , Goéré Diane , Lasser Philippe , Elias Dominique 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBackgroundAbdominoperineal resections (APR) for anorectal tumors are associated with a high rate of perineal wound complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of pseudocontinent perineal colostomy (PPC) following APR on perineal wound healing.MethodsAll patients undergoing APR between 2000 and 2009 were retrospectively reviewed. Perineal wound healing was compared between patients with PPC and those with perineal closure alone.ResultsAPR was performed in 132 patients, including 31 with PPC and 101 with no PPC. Risk factors such as radiotherapy, smoking, diabetes mellitus, and obesity were not different between the two groups. The PPC group had significantly fewer cases of omentoplasty and adenocarcinoma histology. The overall perineal complication rate, perineal infection, or wound dehiscence was similar in the two groups, but the perineal healing rate at 6 and 12 weeks was significantly increased in the PPC group than in the non‐PPC group (70.9% vs. 50%, P = 0.04, at 6 weeks; 90.3% vs. 73%, P = 0.04, at 12 weeks).ConclusionsPPC accelerates perineal wound healing after APR without decreasing the overall perineal complication rate. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 105:628–631. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Determination of melamine in milk powder using gas chromatography–high‐resolution isotope dilution mass spectrometry
Authors: Koh Guiwan , Chia Rosalind S. C. , Lin Qi , Cheow Pui‐Sze , Teo Tang‐Lin , Lee Tong‐Kooi 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA GC–high‐resolution isotope dilution MS (IDMS) method for the quantification of melamine in milk powder is described. The developed technique is compared to the LC‐IDMS/MS technique, typically used for the determination of melamine in various matrices. The accuracy of the GC–high‐resolution IDMS method was demonstrated when a small degree of equivalence was obtained in a regional comparative study involving the determination of melamine in milk powder.
RNA separation by in‐capillary denaturing polymer electrophoresis with 1,2,5‐thiadiazole as an additive
Authors: Sumitomo Keiko , Yamaguchi Yoshinori , Tatsuta Kuniaki 
Published: September 2011

Abstract1,2,5‐Thiadiazole improved RNA separation with in‐capillary denaturing polymer electrophoresis. 1,2,5‐Thiadiazole was synthesized as an extraction solvent substituted for a halogenated solvent. While 1,2,5‐thiadiazole was an excellent extraction solvent and an environmentally friendly solvent, we found that 1,2,5‐thiadiazole was a strong hydrophobic compound for RNA and the RNA separation performance by in‐capillary denaturing polymer electrophoresis was dramatically improved. We suggest “in‐capillary denaturing polymer electrophoresis” as an RNA separation that realizes the denaturing and separation simultaneously. RNA separation by the method required a strong denaturant, acetic acid, to cleave the intramolecular hydrogen. The running buffer containing acetic acid was of high conductivity and low pH, in which the condition introduced Joule heating and low sensitivity. While conventional denaturants, formaldehyde and urea, maintained small electric conductivity and neutral pH, these denaturants were too weak to achieve the RNA separation by in‐capillary denaturing polymer electrophoresis. 1,2,5‐Thiadiazole being a neutral molecule, both conductivity and buffer pH were able to be adjusted to a desirable strength for RNA separation. In this paper, we report that RNA separation by in‐capillary denaturing polymer electrophoresis in neutral pH was achieved and the sensitivity for RNA separation was higher than that for RNA separation by in‐capillary denaturing polymer electrophoresis with acetic acid.
Estimating ungulate recruitment and growth rates using age ratios
Authors: DeCesare Nicholas J. , Hebblewhite Mark , Bradley Mark , Smith Kirby G. , Hervieux David , Neufeld Lalenia 
Published: September 2011

AbstractTrends in population growth can be monitored with data for key vital rates without knowledge of abundance. Although adult female survival has the highest elasticity for ungulate population dynamics, the more variable recruitment rates are commonly monitored to track local variation in growth rates. Specifically, recruitment is often measured using late winter young:adult age ratios, though these age ratios are difficult to reliably interpret given the contribution of multiple vital rates to annual ratios. We show that the supplementation of age ratio data with concurrent radio‐telemetry monitoring of adult female survival allows both retrospective estimation of empirical population growth rates and the decomposition of recruitment‐specific vital rates. We demonstrate the estimation of recruitment and population growth rates for 1 woodland caribou population using these methods, including elasticity and life‐stage simulation analysis of the relative contribution of adult female survival and recruitment rates to variation in population growth. We show, for this woodland caribou population, that adult female survival and recruitment rates were nearly equivalent drivers of population growth. We recommend the concurrent monitoring of adult female survival to reliably interpret age ratios when managing caribou and other ungulates. © 2011 The Wildlife Society.