bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Viewing One's Own Face Being Touched Modulates Tactile Perception: An fMRI Study
Authors: Cardini Flavia , Costantini Marcello , Galati Gaspare , Romani Gian Luca , Làdavas Elisabetta , Serino Andrea 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
The perception of tactile stimuli on the face is modulated if subjects concurrently observe a face being touched; this effect, termed visual remapping of touch (VRT), is maximum for observing one's own face. In the present fMRI study, we investigated the neural basis of the VRT effect. Participants in the scanner received tactile stimuli, near the perceptual threshold, on their right, left, or both cheeks. Concurrently, they watched movies depicting their own face, another person's face, or a ball that could be touched or only approached by human fingers. Participants were requested to distinguish between unilateral and bilateral tactile stimulation. Behaviorally, perception of tactile stimuli was modulated by viewing a tactile stimulation, with a stronger effect when viewing one's own face being touched. In terms of brain activity, viewing touch was related with an enhanced activity in the ventral intraparietal area. The specific effect of viewing touch on oneself was instead related with a reduced activity in both the ventral premotor cortex and the somatosensory cortex. The present findings suggest that VRT is supported by a network of fronto-parietal areas. The ventral intraparietal area might remap visual information about touch onto tactile processing. Ventral premotor cortex might specifically modulate multisensory interaction when sensory information is related to one's own body. Then this activity might back project to the somatosensory cortices, thus affecting tactile perception.
Level of Processing Modulates the Neural Correlates of Emotional Memory Formation
Authors: Ritchey Maureen , LaBar Kevin S. , Cabeza Roberto 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
Emotion is known to influence multiple aspects of memory formation, including the initial encoding of the memory trace and its consolidation over time. However, the neural mechanisms whereby emotion impacts memory encoding remain largely unexplored. The present study used a levels-of-processing manipulation to characterize the impact of emotion on encoding with and without the influence of elaborative processes. Participants viewed emotionally negative, neutral, and positive scenes under two conditions: a shallow condition focused on the perceptual features of the scenes and a deep condition that queried their semantic meaning. Recognition memory was tested 2 days later. Results showed that emotional memory enhancements were greatest in the shallow condition. fMRI analyses revealed that the right amygdala predicted subsequent emotional memory in the shallow more than deep condition, whereas the right ventrolateral PFC demonstrated the reverse pattern. Furthermore, the association of these regions with the hippocampus was modulated by valence: the amygdala–hippocampal link was strongest for negative stimuli, whereas the prefrontal–hippocampal link was strongest for positive stimuli. Taken together, these results suggest two distinct activation patterns underlying emotional memory formation: an amygdala component that promotes memory during shallow encoding, especially for negative information, and a prefrontal component that provides extra benefits during deep encoding, especially for positive information.
What Does the Right Hemisphere Know about Phoneme Categories?
Authors: Wolmetz Michael , Poeppel David , Rapp Brenda 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
Innate auditory sensitivities and familiarity with the sounds of language give rise to clear influences of phonemic categories on adult perception of speech. With few exceptions, current models endorse highly left-hemisphere-lateralized mechanisms responsible for the influence of phonemic category on speech perception, based primarily on results from functional imaging and brain-lesion studies. Here we directly test the hypothesis that the right hemisphere does not engage in phonemic analysis. By using fMRI to identify cortical sites sensitive to phonemes in both word and pronounceable nonword contexts, we find evidence that right-hemisphere phonemic sensitivity is limited to a lexical context. We extend the interpretation of these fMRI results through the study of an individual with a left-hemisphere lesion who is right-hemisphere reliant for initial acoustic and phonetic analysis of speech. This individual's performance revealed that the right hemisphere alone was insufficient to allow for typical phonemic category effects but did support the processing of gradient phonetic information in lexical contexts. Taken together, these findings confirm previous claims that the right temporal cortex does not play a primary role in phoneme processing, but they also indicate that lexical context may modulate the involvement of a right hemisphere largely tuned for less abstract dimensions of the speech signal.
Narrative Funktion und christologische Bedeutung der markinischen Erzählung vom Tod Johannes des Täufers (Mk 6:14-29)
Authors: Karakolis Christos 
Published: March 2010

AbstractIn the gospel of Mark (6:14-29) the death of John the Baptist is reported in the most detailed fashion, compared to its synoptic parallels. In fact, this is the only extended story in the second gospel that interrupts the gospel’s linear narrative flow by referring to a past event. On the basis of stylistic, structural and narratological observations the present study attempts to illuminate the narrative function and the christological significance of this story by examining the relationship of Mk 6:14-16 to 8:27-29 and 9:9-13, as well as the relationship of 6:17-29 to the Marcan passion narrative. The study concludes that from a narrative, as well as a christological perspective, the second evangelist presents the death of John the Baptist as decisively pointing towards Jesus’ passion.
Chicago’s “Archaic Mark” (ms 2427) II Microscopic, Chemical and Codicological Analyses Confirm Modern Production
Authors: Barabe Joseph G. , Quandt Abigail B. , Mitchell Margaret M. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractComprehensive testing and analysis (microscopic, chemical and codicological) of University of Chicago ms 972-Gregory-Aland ms 2427 confirms that it is a modern production made sometime between 1874 and the first decades of the 20th century.
Pentecostal-Charismatic Christianity: African-Surinamese Perceptions and Experiences
Authors: Pijl Yvon van der 
Published: March 2010

AbstractPentecostal-Charismatic Christianity (P/C) is one of the fastest-growing religions worldwide. Some scholars connect P/C’s success with broad processes of globalization. Others try to unravel more personal dynamics of conversion. This article seeks to understand both global forces and local cultural reasons to believe. It focuses first on the remarkable paradox that explains the movement’s popularity among African-Surinamese (Caribbean) believers: what appears as P/C’s rejection of their traditional religious system turns out to be a reinterpretation of beliefs and practices. From this line of argument I argue that P/C actually enables people, by ways of demonization, to express their spirituality and translate magico-religious conceptions into an acceptable framework. In conclusion, I put this Pentecostal paradox into larger perspective, stressing similarities with other religious movements and exposing an eclectic attitude towards religion that does not only meet personal belief experiences, but also challenges the hegemonic position of established Christian churches in Suriname.
Sympathetic Reactions to the Bait Dog in a Film of Dog Fighting: The Influence of Personality and Gender
Authors: Short Stephen D. , Lee Sherman A. , Gibbons Jeffrey A. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractMedia sources brought international attention to dog fighting during the Michael Vick case. Although a significant number of people who watched footage of the abused dogs used in the Vick case may have felt sympathy for them, the characteristics associated with those types of individuals are not known. The current study examined personality and gender as predictors of sympathetic reactions to the mistreatment of a bait dog depicted in a film clip. The results supported the predictions that animal-oriented sympathy, trait sympathy, agreeableness, and gender would predict sympathetic reactions to the bait dog. The analyses showed that trait sympathy could not explain unique variance beyond animal-oriented sympathy, but that agreeableness fully mediated the relation between gender and sympathetic reactions to the bait dog. Unexpectedly, emotional stability was also a unique predictor. Implications and limitations of these results are discussed.
Framing Animal Rights in the “Go Veg” Campaigns of U.S. Animal Rights Organizations
Authors: Freeman Carrie Packwood 
Published: March 2010

AbstractHow much do animal rights activists talk about animal rights when they attempt to persuade America’s meat-lovers to stop eating nonhuman animals? This study serves as the basis for a unique evaluation and categorization of problems and solutions as framed by five major U.S. animal rights organizations in their vegan/food campaigns. The findings reveal that the organizations framed the problems as: cruelty and suffering; commodification; harm to humans and the environment; and needless killing. To solve problems largely blamed on factory farming, activists asked consumers to become “vegetarian” (meaning vegan) or to reduce animal product consumption, some requesting “humane” reforms. While certain messages supported animal rights, promoting veganism and respect for animals’ subject status, many frames used animal welfareideology to achieve rights solutions, conservatively avoiding a direct challenge to the dominant human/animal dualism. In support of ideological authenticity, this paper recommends that vegan campaigns emphasize justice, respect, life, freedom, environmental responsibility, and a shared animality.
Domestic Violence and Dog Care in New Providence, The Bahamas
Authors: Fielding William J. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractAlthough there has been much research on the connection between nonhuman animal cruelty/ abuse and domestic violence, the link between nonhuman animal care and domestic violence has received less attention. This study, based on responses from 477 college students in New Provi-dence, The Bahamas, indicates that the presence of domestic violence in homes is linked with the level of care and the prevalence of negative interactions with dogs. Dogs received 10 or more of 11 components of essential care in 58.0% of homes without domestic violence compared with 43.7% in homes with domestic violence. A dog was reported being physically injured in 6.8% of homes when domestic violence was absent and in 13.6% of homes when domestic violence was present. The study suggests that in homes with domestic violence, dogs as well as people are at higher risk of intentional harm and/or neglect.
The Reception of Peter Singer’s Theories in France
Authors: Dardenne Emilie 
Published: March 2010

AbstractPeter Singer’s views on the status of nonhuman animals have attracted both attention and intense controversy in many Western countries, including the United States, Canada, and Germany. The reactions to his theories in France are less well known. The purpose of this paper is to present an overview of critical responses to Singer by French academics and thinkers. How have they received Singer’s contention that we must bring nonhuman animals within the sphere of moral concern? Do French scholars agree with his utilitarian argument on marginal cases, his definition of the term “person,” his defense of the Great Ape Project? Finally, is he considered in France a brilliant and groundbreaking ethicist, a dangerous extremist, or somewhere in between?
Singaporean Social Science Journals: Creating a Regional Voice or Scrambling to Reach the Top?
Authors: Luyt Brendan 
Published: March 2010

AbstractGiven its newfound position as a solid member of the global semi-periphery, has social science in Singapore been able to develop alternatives to academic dependency on the West? To answer this question, I focus on one segment of Singapore’s social science infrastructure, journal editors. In the interviews with these individuals, it becomes clear that there is an awareness of a division between journals published in the West and those from other parts of the world. However, in terms of wholeheartedly working towards developing regional alternatives, there appears a more contradictory pattern of reactions. The majority of editors are keen to develop regional perspectives or voices in their journals but they are equally keen to compete with North American and European journals on their own terms. A significant minority, however, are focused squarely on that world to the near exclusion of other concerns. In the final part of the article, I argue that the views of Singapore’s journal editors closely reflects the adoption of what Bourdieu describes as a “succession strategy” in the playing of the social science game. The result is a missed opportunity at applying some form of delinking strategy as recommended by Samir Amin in situations of dependency, be they economic or intellectual.
On the Composition and Sources of Boethius’ Second Peri Hermeneias Commentary
Authors: Magee John 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe paper is in three parts, prefaced by general remarks concerning Boethius’ logical translations and commentaries: the text of the Peri Hermeneias as known to and commented on by Boethius (and Ammonius); the organizational principles behind Boethius’ second commentary on the Peri Hermeneias; its source(s). One of the main purposes of the last section is to demonstrate that the Peri Hermeneias commentaries of Boethius and Ammonius are, although part of a common tradition, quite independent of one another, and special consideration is given to the question of how Boethius interpreted and shaped the doxographical material concerning Aspasius, Herminus, and Alexander that had been handed down to him by Porphyry.
‘They had added not a single tiny proposition’: The Reception of the Prior Analytics in the First Half of the Twelfth Century
Authors: Martin Christopher J. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA study of the reception of Aristotle’s Prior Analytics in the first half of the twelfth century. It is shown that Peter Abaelard was perhaps acquainted with as much as the first seven chapters of Book I of the Prior Analytics but with no more. The appearance at the beginning of the twelfth century of a short list of dialectical loci which has puzzled earlier commentators is explained by noting that this list formalises the classification of extensional relations between general terms and that this classification had already be put forward by Boethius in his de Syllogismo Categorico and Introductio ad Syllogismos Categoricas. It is pointed out the kind of text referred to as an ‘Introductio’ at the beginning of the twelfth-century follows very closely the structure of Boethius own Introductio and adds to it material drawn from his accounts of loci and the conditional propositions. It is argued that the reception of the Prior Analytics has to be understood against the background of this well developed tradition of treating together syllogisms, loci, and conditional propostions. Referring to a challenge to the formal validity of Darapti in the Ars Meliduna the paper concludes by illustrating that the theory of the syllogism presented in Prior Analytics was still controversial in the middle of the twelfth-century.
Urban Energy Balance Obtained from the Comprehensive Outdoor Scale Model Experiment. Part I: Basic Features of the Surface Energy Balance
Authors: Kawai Toru , Kanda Manabu 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
The objective of this study is to examine the basic features of the surface energy balance (SEB) using the data obtained from the Comprehensive Outdoor Scale Model (COSMO). COSMO is an idealized miniature city that has no vegetation, no human activity, and no heterogeneity of the surface geometry. The basic features of the SEB such as energy balance closure, the ensemble mean of the diurnal variation of the energy balance, and the daytime and daily statistics of the energy balance were investigated. The following were the main findings of the study: 1) A surface energy imbalance was observed. The sum of sensible and latent heat fluxes estimated by the eddy correlation method underestimated the available energy by 1% during the daytime and by 44% during the night. 2) Large heat storage in the daytime and small radiative cooling at night sustained positive sensible heat fluxes throughout the night in all seasons and in all sunshine conditions. 3) The daytime ratio of heat storage ΔQS to net radiation Q*, ΔQS/Q*, depended on the friction velocity u* and decreased with increasing u*. 4) The values of ΔQS/Q* tended to be larger in winter than in summer. The annual averaged value of this ratio was approximately 0.6. 5) The large volumetric heat capacity of the surface materials and the resulting large energetic hysteresis produced nonzero total daily values of heat storage. The total daily values of heat storage largely depended on the weather (i.e., sunshine condition and with or without rainfall) and showed positive and negative values on clear-sky days and rainy days, respectively.
A Surrogate Ensemble Study of Sea Level Reconstructions
Authors: Christiansen Bo , Schmith T. , Thejll P. 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
This study investigates the possibility of reconstructing past global mean sea levels. Reconstruction methods rely on historical measurements from tide gauges combined with knowledge about the spatial covariance structure of the sea level field obtained from a shorter period with spatially well-resolved satellite measurements. A surrogate ensemble method is applied based on sea levels from a 500-yr climate model simulation. Tide gauges are simulated by selecting time series from grid points along continental coastlines and on ocean islands. Reconstructions of global mean sea levels can then be compared to the known target, and the ensemble method allows an estimation of the statistical properties originating from the stochastic nature of the reconstructions.
Different reconstruction methods previously used in the literature are studied, including projection and optimal interpolation methods based on EOF analysis of the calibration period. This study also includes methods where these EOFs are augmented with a homogeneous pattern, with the purpose of better capturing a possible geographically homogeneous trend. These covariance-based methods are compared to a simple weighted mean method.
It is concluded that the projection and optimal interpolation methods are very sensitive to the length of the calibration period. For realistic lengths of 10 and 20 yr, very large biases and spread in the reconstructed 1900–49 trends are found. Including a homogeneous pattern in the basis drastically improves the reconstructions of the trend and reduces the sensitivity to the length of the calibration period. The projection and optimal interpolation methods are now comparable to the weighted mean with biases less than 10% in the trend. However, the spread is still considerable. The amplitude of the year-to-year variability is in general strongly overestimated by all reconstruction methods. With regards to year-to-year variability, several methods outperform the simple mean.
Finally, for the projection method, reconstruction errors are decomposed into contributions from the sparse coverage of tide gauges and the incomplete knowledge of the covariance structure of the sea level field. The study finds that the contributions of the different sources depend on the diagnostics of the reconstruction.
It is noted that sea level is constrained by the approximate conservation of the total mass of the ocean. This poses challenges for the sea level reconstructions that are not present for other fields such as temperature.
Oscillatory Climate Modes in the Eastern Mediterranean and Their Synchronization with the North Atlantic Oscillation
Authors: Feliks Yizhak , Ghil Michael , Robertson Andrew W. 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
Oscillatory climatic modes over the North Atlantic, Ethiopian Plateau, and eastern Mediterranean were examined in instrumental and proxy records from these regions. Aside from the well-known North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index and the Nile River water-level records, the authors study for the first time an instrumental rainfall record from Jerusalem and a tree-ring record from the Golan Heights.
The teleconnections between the regions were studied in terms of synchronization of chaotic oscillators. Standard methods for studying synchronization among such oscillators are modified by combining them with advanced spectral methods, including singular spectrum analysis. The resulting cross-spectral analysis quantifies the strength of the coupling together with the degree of synchronization.
A prominent oscillatory mode with a 7–8-yr period is present in all the climatic indices studied here and is completely synchronized with the North Atlantic Oscillation. An energy analysis of the synchronization raises the possibility that this mode originates in the North Atlantic. Evidence is discussed for this mode being induced by the 7–8-yr oscillation in the position of the Gulf Stream front. A mechanism for the teleconnections between the North Atlantic, Ethiopian Plateau, and eastern Mediterranean is proposed, and implications for interannual-to-decadal climate prediction are discussed.
Inflow of Warm Circumpolar Deep Water in the Central Amundsen Shelf*
Authors: Wåhlin A. K. , Yuan X. , Björk G. , Nohr C. 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
The thinning and acceleration of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet has been attributed to basal melting induced by intrusions of relatively warm salty water across the continental shelf. A hydrographic section including lowered acoustic Doppler current profiler measurements showing such an inflow in the channel leading to the Getz and Dotson Ice Shelves is presented here. The flow rate was 0.3–0.4 Sv (1 Sv ≡ 106 m3 s−1), and the subsurface heat loss was estimated to be 1.2–1.6 TW. Assuming that the inflow persists throughout the year, it corresponds to an ice melt of 110–130 km3 yr−1, which exceeds recent estimates of the net ice glacier ice volume loss in the Amundsen Sea. The results also show a 100–150-m-thick intermediate water mass consisting of Circumpolar Deep Water that has been modified (cooled and freshened) by subsurface melting of ice shelves and/or icebergs. This water mass has not previously been reported in the region, possibly because of the paucity of historical data.