bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcome comparison of meniscal allograft transplantation (MAT) and meniscal scaffold implantation (MSI): a systematic review
Authors: Dong Jize , Huang Moran , Lin Jinrong , Sun Yaying , Zhang Xingyu , Chen Jiwu 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Although numerous studies have reported successful clinical outcomes of meniscal allograft transplantation (MAT) or meniscal scaffold implantation (MSI), the difference between the outcome of MAT and MSI remains unclear.

Purpose:
To compare the overall outcomes and survival rates of MAT and MSI, aiming to provide comprehensive evidence for determining the optimal treatment strategy for meniscal defects.

Methods:
A systematic review was performed via a comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Studies of MAT or MSI were included according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Lysholm score was chosen as the primary outcome measure, while secondary outcomes encompassed patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), return to sports (RTS) rates, survival rates, and complication rates. The outcomes were stratified into two groups: MAT group and MSI group, followed by statistical comparison (P<0.05). The quality of the included studies was assessed by the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 (RoB2) assessment tool for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and the Coleman Methodology Score (CMS) for non-randomized controlled trials.

Results:
A total of 3932 patients (2859 MAT, 1073 MSI) in 83 studies (51 MAT, 32 MSI) had the overall significant improvement in all clinical scores. The group MSI had a higher Lysholm score of both preoperative (P=0.002) and postoperative (P<0.001) than group MAT; however, the mean improvements were similar between the two groups (P=0.105). Additionally, MSI had higher improvements of IKDC (P<0.001), KOOS symptom (P=0.010), KOOS pain (P=0.036), and KOOS ADL (P=0.004) than MAT. Interestingly, MAT had higher preoperative (P=0.018) and less postoperative VAS pain (P=0.006), which was more improved in MAT (P<0.001). Compared with MAT, MSI had a higher 10-year survival rate (P=0.034), a similar mid-term survival rate MAT (P=0.964), and a lower complication rate (P<0.001).

Conclusion:
Both MAT and MSI could have good clinical outcomes after surgery with a similar improvement in Lysholm score. MSI had a higher 10-year survival rate and fewer complications than MAT.

Level of evidence:
Level IV, systematic review.
Pancreatic Body and Tail Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Masuda Hiro , Bhimani Nazim , Chou Angela , Gill Anthony J. , Samra Jaswinder S. , Mittal Anubhav 
Published: May 2024

Objectives
There is a paucity of data regarding the use of neoadjuvant therapy in pancreatic body or tail ductal adenocarcinomas. Given the differing tumor biology and aggressive nature of pancreatic body or tail adenocarcinomas, patients presenting with these tumors may benefit from upfront resection.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study was performed analyzing patients who underwent distal pancreatectomy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma between January 2013 and June 2022. Patients who underwent upfront resection were compared with those who underwent neoadjuvant therapy.

Results
Forty-one patients underwent upfront distal pancreatectomy, whereas 40 patients underwent neoadjuvant therapy before curative intent resection. Neoadjuvant therapy did not improve overall survival (37 vs 34 months, P = 0.962) or disease-free survival (13 vs 15 months, P = 0.414), as compared with upfront resection. There was no significant difference in the rate or R0 resection or postoperative outcomes.

Conclusion
No significant improvement in survival was demonstrated for patients undergoing neoadjuvant therapy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreatic body or tail when compared with upfront resection. Considering the potential for disease progression given the more aggressive tumor biology of pancreatic body and tail adenocarcinomas, appropriate surgical candidates should be offered upfront resection to provide the best chance of survival and cure.
Effect of erythropoietin on SOFA score, Glasgow Coma Scale and mortality in traumatic brain injury patients: a randomized-double-blind controlled trial
Authors: Boskabadi Seyyed Javad , Heydari Fatemeh , Mohammadnejad Farhad , Gholipour Baradari Afshin , Moosazadeh Mahmood , Dashti Ayat 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Recent studies suggest that erythropoietin has an anti-inflammatory effect on the central nervous system. The authors aimed to investigate the effect of erythropoietin on Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores, and the mortality rate of traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients.

Methods:
Sixty-eight patients with available inclusion criteria were randomly allocated to the control or intervention groups. In the intervention group, erythropoietin (4000 units) was administrated on days 1, 3, and 5. In the control group, normal saline on the same days was used. The primary outcomes were the GCS and SOFA score changes during the intervention. The secondary outcomes were the ventilation period during the first 2 weeks and the 3-month mortality rate.

Results:
Erythropoietin administration significantly affected SOFA score over time (P=0.008), but no significant effect on the GCS, and duration of ventilation between the two groups was observed. Finally, erythropoietin had no significant effect on the three-month mortality (23.5% vs. 38.2% in the erythropoietin and control group, respectively). However, the mortality rate in the intervention group was lower than in the control group.

Conclusion:
Our finding showed that erythropoietin administration in TBI may improve SOFA score. Therefore, erythropoietin may have beneficial effects on early morbidity and clinical improvement in TBI patients.
Surgical management of a thoraco-lumbar extradural cyst in a pediatric patient with Klippel–Trenaunay syndrome: a case report
Authors: Zaino Basem , Ibrahem Hayyan , Joha Mohamad , Jabbour Georges , Abdulrahman Mohammed , Ahmad Ghanem 
Published: May 2024

Introduction and importance:
Klippel–Trenaunay syndrome (KTS) is a congenital disorder characterized by the abnormal development of blood vessels, soft tissues, bones, and the lymphatic system. The syndrome is rare, with few cases reported worldwide, especially those describing an association between KTS and spinal extradural meningeal cysts (SEMC). This report highlights a rare case of a pediatric patient with KTS who underwent successful surgical decompression of a thoraco-lumbar extradural cyst, highlighting the importance of reevaluating surgical interventions in KTS patients.

Case presentation:
A 15-year-old girl diagnosed with KTS 4 days postnatally, was referred to our clinic due to chronic back pain and spastic paraparesis. These symptoms were attributed to a compressive extradural thoraco-lumbar cyst. Diagnostic evaluations confirmed the presence of the cyst, leading to the decision to proceed with surgical intervention.

Clinical discussion:
The surgical approach involved a laminoplasty at T11–T12–L1, resulting in the total removal of the cystic lesion. The patient exhibited a complete resolution of symptoms postoperatively, with no significant complications reported during the surgery.

Conclusion:
With this case, the authors question the fear of surgical intervention in KTS patients, which is often avoided due to concerns of high-risk complications like excessive bleeding or poor wound healing, and hint at a possible association between KTS and extradural meningeal cysts.
SMARCA4 (BRG1)-deficient carcinoma invading the skull base: report of two cases and literature review
Authors: Zhu Hongji , Liu Ying 
Published: May 2024

Introduction and importance:
SMARCA4 (BRG1)-deficient carcinomas in the head and neck are a rare and highly aggressive group of malignant tumors. They lack typical clinical and imaging features and are often misdiagnosed.

Case presentation:
The authors report two male patients with a history of smoking. Case 1 presented with nose bleeding as the first symptom, whereas case 2 presented with headache with blurred vision. Preoperative computed tomography (CT) and MRI suggested a highly aggressive malignant tumor of the head and neck with invasion of the skull base. Case 1 could not be operated on because of the large size of the punctured tumor. Case 2 underwent the surgery. The final pathological diagnosis was SMARCA4 (BRG1)-deficient carcinoma. At the 6-month follow-up, case 1 died. After completing the full course of chemotherapy, case 2 reported progressively worsening headaches and hearing loss.

Discussion and conclusion:
SMARCA4 (BRG1)-deficient carcinoma in the head and neck is a rare and highly aggressive malignant tumor that is advanced at diagnosis, prone to invasion of adjacent structures, difficult to operate on, and has a poor prognosis. CT and MRI play a vital role in evaluating the size and extent of the tumor, invasion of adjacent structures, and distant metastasis. It provides a significant reference for clinical diagnosis and therapeutic decision-making. Different patients of SMARCA4 (BRG1)-deficient carcinoma in the head and neck respond differently to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Early use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) or immunohistochemistry(IHC) techniques is helpful in guiding treatment planning.
Handing Off Electronic Prescription Data From Prescribers to Community Pharmacies: A Qualitative Analysis of Pharmacy Staff Perspectives
Authors: Whitaker Megan , Lester Corey , Rowell Brigid 
Published: May 2024

Objectives
The aims of the study are to understand the process of how community pharmacies handle electronic prescriptions (e-prescriptions) and learn about different errors or potential errors encountered.

Methods
Fifteen remote, semistructured interviews were conducted with community pharmacy staff. Interview analysis was done with two adapted Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety methods to understand the workflow and an affinity wall, which led to key words that were tallied to understand the frequency of different issues.

Results
Data entry in community pharmacies is a process that varies based on the different software platforms receiving e-prescriptions. Data entry of a medication product is typically a human-reliant process matching an e-prescription with an equivalent medication product. Current automated safety supports focus on matching the dispensed medication to the medication chosen at data entry. Substitutions may be required for a variety of reasons, however, pharmacists’ comfort and permissions in doing so without provider involvement fluctuates.

Conclusions
Prescription errors remain that could be prevented with additional support at the data entry step of e-prescriptions. Few studies demonstrate where these errors originate and what role current technology plays in contributing to or preventing these errors. Future work must consider how these matches between prescribed medications and pharmacy fulfilled medications occur. There is a need to identify potential tools to support data entry and prevent medication errors.
The relationship between anti-LGBTQ+ legislation and HIV prevention among sexual and gender minoritized youth
Authors: Kelly Nicole K. , Ranapurwala Shabbar I. , Pence Brian W. , Hightow-Weidman Lisa B. , Slaughter-Acey Jaime , French Audrey L. , Hosek Sybil , Pettifor Audrey E. 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
The aim of this study was to estimate the longitudinal associations of state-level anti-LGBTQ+ policies and county-level politics with individual HIV prevention outcomes among sexual and gender minoritized (SGM) youth.

Design:
Keeping it LITE-1 prospectively enrolled 3330 SGM youth and young adults (ages 13–34) at increased risk of HIV throughout the United States from 2017 to 2022.

Methods:
Semiannual surveys collected self-reported HIV prevention measures [current preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use, weekly PrEP adherence, HIV/STI testing in the past 6 months]. Geolocation was linked with state-level LGBTQ+ policy data and county-level election data. Generalized linear models with GEE estimated the single and joint longitudinal associations for two exposures [state-level policy climate (more discriminatory vs. less discriminatory) and county-level political majority (Democratic/swing vs. Republican)] with each outcome.

Results:
Among participants living in a state with more discriminatory laws, those in a Democratic/swing county had a 6-percentage point increase in PrEP use (95% confidence interval: 0.02, 0.09) compared to those in a Republican county. Those living in a Republican county but a state with less discriminatory laws saw a similar increase (0.05; -0.02,0.11). Residing in both a Democratic/swing county and a state with less discriminatory laws, relative to a Republican county and a state with more discriminatory laws, was associated with a 10-percentage point increase in PrEP use (0.10; 0.06,0.14) and a 5-percentage point increase in HIV/STI testing (0.05; 0.00,0.09).

Conclusion:
More progressive state and local policies were each associated with increased PrEP use, and together, doubled the magnitude of this association. PrEP is underutilized among SGM youth, and anti-LGBTQ+ policies may exacerbate this gap in coverage.
Surgical Treatment of Temporomandibular Joint Ankylosis: our experience with 36 cases
Authors: Rikhotso Risimati E. , Sekhoto Mmathabo G. 
Published: May 2024

Aim:
To evaluate and compare outcomes of patients with temporomandibular joint ankylosis (TMJA) treated by gap arthroplasty, costochondral graft, and total alloplastic joint reconstruction.

Methodology:
A retrospective cohort study reviewed and analyzed data from patients with TMJA from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2019, at the Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery Department, University of the Witwatersrand. Patients with TMJA were treated either with gap arthroplasty, costochondral graft, or total alloplastic joint reconstruction. Data collected included age, sex, etiology of ankylosis, sides involved, preoperation and postoperation mouth opening (MO), treatment type, complications, and revision surgery. Patients were followed up for at least 18 months after the surgical procedure. Comparison of means across the treatment groups was analyzed using paired t tests or analysis of variance test. A P value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
The study sample comprised of 36 patients [bilateral, n=22; unilateral, n=14 (21 male, 15 female)]. Trauma was the most common etiology (n=27, 75%), followed by chronic infections (n=4, 11.11%) and juvenile arthritis (n=3, 8.3%). A paired t test revealed no statistical significance between treatment modality and postoperative MO and complications over 18 months (P=0.5316 and P=0.426, respectively). The mean MO increased from 4 to 28 mm. Reankylosis was the most common complication (n=5).

Conclusions:
All 3 treatment options yield acceptable outcomes in patients with TMJA. Irrespective of surgical technique, early postoperative exercises, active physiotherapy, and follow-up are imperative for successful rehabilitation and prevention of reankylosis.
Management of Atypical M-Shaped Zygomatic Arch Fractures
Authors: Lin Yuxin , Lv Kun 
Published: May 2024

Background:
M-shaped zygomatic arch fractures can usually be treated effectively through closed reduction. It consists of 2 fracture segments: the anterior zygomatic segment and the posterior temporal bone segment. In clinical practice, atypical M-shaped fractures are often encountered, in which the anterior and posterior fracture segments are discontinuous and separated. Closed reduction usually cannot achieve the desired anatomic reduction effect for this type of fracture.

Methods:
The preoperative design showed that the anatomic reduction of the posterior zygomatic arch fracture segment was hindered due to bone spurs in the most concave area of the anterior zygomatic bone fracture segment. Open reduction and fixation were performed to achieve anatomic reduction and restore facial symmetry. The fracture sites were exposed through a hemicoronal incision. After the bone spurs are removed, the posterior bone segment can be anatomically reduced. Absorbable plates were used for fixation.

Results and Discussion:
The patient’s facial appearance was restored after the surgery. The postoperative computed tomography scan showed a good alignment of the fracture. The authors believe that for patients with high requirements for facial symmetry, the presence of atypical M-shaped fractures can indicate open reduction and fixation.
Laparoscopic Pancreaticoduodenectomy Combined With Portal-Superior Mesenteric Vein Resection and Reconstruction: Inferior-Posterior “Superior Mesenteric Artery-First” Approach
Authors: An Baiqiang , Yue Qing , Wang Shupeng , Han Wei 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (LPD) with portal-superior mesenteric vein (PV/SMV) resection and reconstruction is increasingly performed. We aimed to introduce a safe and effective surgical approach and share our clinical experience with LPD with PV/SMV resection and reconstruction.

Methods:
We reviewed data for the patients undergoing LPD and open pancreaticoduodenectomy (OPD) combined with PV/SMV resection and reconstruction at the First Hospital of Jilin University between April 2021 and May 2023. The inferior-posterior “superior mesenteric artery-first” approach was used. We compared the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative clinicopathological data of the 2 groups to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of LPD with major vascular resection.

Results:
A cohort of 37 patients with periampullary and pancreatic tumors underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) with major vascular resection and reconstruction, consisting of 21 LPDs and 16 OPDs. The LPD group had a longer operation time (322 vs. 235 min, P=0.039), reduced intraoperative bleeding (152 vs. 325 mL, P=0.026), and lower intraoperative blood transfusion rates (19.0% vs. 50.0%, P=0.046) compared with the OPD group. The LPD group had significantly shorter operation times in end-to-end anastomosis (26 vs. 15 min, P=0.001) and artificial grafts vascular reconstruction (44 vs. 22 min, P=0.000) compared with the OPD group. There was no significant difference in the rate of R0 resection (100% vs. 87.5%, P=0.096). The length of hospital stay and ICU stay did not show significant differences between the 2 groups (15 vs. 18 d, P=0.636 and 2.5 vs. 4.5 d, P=0.726, respectively). However, the postoperative hospital stay in the LPD group was notably shorter compared with the OPD group (11 vs. 16 d, P=0.007). Postoperative complication rates, including postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) Grade A/B, biliary leakage, and delayed gastric emptying (DGE), were similar between the two groups (38.1% vs. 43.8%, P=0.729). In addition, 1 patient in each group developed thrombosis, with vascular patency improving after anticoagulation treatment.

Conclusion:
LPD combined with PV/SMV resection and reconstruction can be easily and safely performed using the inferior-posterior “superior mesenteric artery-first” approach in cases of venous invasion. Further studies are required to evaluate the procedure’s long-term outcomes.
Zavegepant for Acute Treatment of Migraine: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Suresh Vinay , Bardhan Mainak , Dave Tirth , Shamim Muhammad Aaqib , Suresh Dilip , Satish Poorvikha , Dhakal Bishal , Bhonsale Aman , Roy Priyanka , Padhi Bijaya Kumar , Monteith Teshamae 
Published: May 2024

Objective
Evaluate the safety and efficacy of zavegepant (BHV-3500), a recently approved nasal spray containing a third-generation calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor antagonist, for treating acute migraine attacks.

Methods
A comprehensive search was conducted across various databases up to 06/26/2023 to identify relevant randomized clinical trials (RCTs) on zavegepant's efficacy and safety in treatment of acute migraine attacks. Primary outcome: freedom from pain at 2 hours postdose. Safety outcomes were evaluated based on adverse events (AEs), with zavegepant 10 mg and placebo groups compared for incidence of AEs.

Results
Two RCTs, involving 2061 participants (1014 receiving zavegepant and 1047 receiving placebo), were quantitatively analyzed. An additional trial was included for qualitative synthesis. Zavegepant 10 mg exhibited a significantly higher likelihood of achieving freedom from pain at 2 hours postdose compared with the placebo group (risk ratio [RR] 1.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.28 to 1.84). It also showed superior relief from the most bothersome symptoms at 2 hours postdose compared with placebo (RR 1.26, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.42). However, the zavegepant 10 mg group experienced a higher incidence of AEs compared with placebo (RR 1.78, 95% CI 1.5 to 2.12), with dysgeusia being the most reported AE (RR 4.18, 95% CI 3.05 to 5.72).

Conclusion
Zavegepant 10 mg is more effective than placebo in treating acute migraine attacks, providing compelling evidence of its efficacy in relieving migraine pain and most bothersome associated symptoms. Further trials are necessary to confirm its efficacy, tolerability, and safety in diverse clinic-based settings with varied patient populations.
Retinal Tear Following Low-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Authors: Garip Beyazit , Buzkan Burcu , Demir Suleyman 
Published: May 2024

Objectives
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a noninvasive form of brain stimulation that uses magnetic pulses to stimulate specific brain regions. Retina is being investigated whether the retina, which is also known as the brain's window to the outside world, is affected by the treatment.

Methods
Magventure X100 device was used for the procedure. The bilateral supplementary motor area was targeted. Procedure protocol: power: 47%, repetitive rate (frequency): 1 Hz, pulses in train duration: 300, intertrain interval (waiting time): 120 seconds, number of trains: 4, total pulses: 1200. Twenty sessions of rTMS were planned for the patient. The patient was informed about the procedure, and her consent was obtained.

Results
The Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Scale (YBOCS) score before the first session was 31, and the Brown Assessment Beliefs Scale (BABS) score was 5. The patient's YBOCS score after the 15th session was 14, and the BABS score was 0. After the implementation of the 15th session of the patient's treatment, retinal detachment developed in the right eye, and the treatment was terminated. As a result of the eye examination of the patient, it was determined that there was 1 horseshoe rupture and 2 hole-shaped ruptures in the lower half of the left eye.

Conclusions
Patients at risk for retinal detachment may require specialized treatment and close monitoring to prevent the condition from worsening. It is important to consult with an ophthalmologist for patients at risk for retinal detachment before TMS application.