bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality assessment for GPS‐supported bundle block adjustment based on aerial digital frame imagery
Authors: Yuan Xiuxiao 
Published: June 2009

AbstractAccuracy and reliability are two popular indicators for assessment of the quality of aerial triangulation. This paper explores these quality indicators in relation to GPS‐supported bundle block adjustment based on aerial digital frame imagery with GPS navigation data. A set of aerial digital frame imagery, taken over hilly terrain using an SWDC‐4 area‐array digital camera made in China, was selected and used. These empirical images have superior resolution with a pixel size of 9 μm, with a ground sample distance of 10 cm and larger than traditional overlaps (80% longitudinal and 63% lateral). GPS‐supported bundle block adjustment was carried out with the WuCAPS high‐precision combined bundle block adjustment software package developed by the author. The achieved a posteriori standard deviation (rms errors of observation residuals) of the image coordinates is ±3·7 μm. The empirical accuracy of the photogrammetric point coordinates reaches ±7·1 cm for planimetry and ±4·8 cm for elevation on the ground, and the average redundancies (average components of the redundancy for one kind of observation) of the image coordinates and the camera station coordinates determined via GPS are more than 0·74 and 0·69, respectively. These results have shown that GPS‐supported aerial triangulation with aerial digital frame imagery provides higher precision and reliability; the practical height accuracy is close to its theoretical possibility; also, it avoids the use of the cross strips and lines of ground height control points on each side of the adjusted block. This not only changes the present situation, in which height accuracy is always lower than the planimetric accuracy in aerial triangulation of aerial film images, but also opens up a new prospect in which the orientation points for models for stereoplotting need not be determined by full field surveying for topographic mapping of reasonably flat terrain at medium and large scales. Therefore, this paper provides an operational basis for a broad range of applications for aerial digital imagery in national basic surveying and mapping, and the rapid production and updating of geographic information in general.
A strip adjustment procedure to mitigate the impact of inaccurate mounting parameters in parallel lidar strips
Authors: Habib Ayman F. , Kersting Ana Paula , Bang Ki‐In , Zhai Ruifang , Al‐Durgham Mohannad 
Published: June 2009

AbstractLidar (laser scanning) technology has been proven as a prominent technique for the acquisition of high‐density and accurate topographic information. Because of systematic errors in the lidar measurements (drifts in the position and orientation information and biases in the mirror angles and ranges) and/or in the parameters relating the system components (mounting parameters), adjacent lidar strips may exhibit discrepancies. Although position and orientation drifts can have a more significant impact, these errors and their impact do not come as a surprise if the quality of the GPS/INS integration process is carefully examined. Therefore, the mounting errors are singled out in this work. The ideal solution for improving the compatibility of neighbouring strips in the presence of errors in the mounting parameters is the implementation of a rigorous calibration procedure. However, such a calibration requires the original observations, which may not be usually available. In this paper, a strip adjustment procedure to improve the compatibility between parallel lidar strips with moderate flight dynamics (for example, acquired by a fixed‐wing aircraft) over an area with moderately varying elevation is proposed. The proposed method is similar to the photogrammetric block adjustment of independent models. Instead of point features, planar patches and linear features, which are represented by sets of non‐conjugate points, are used for the strip adjustment. The feasibility and the performance of the proposed procedure together with its impact on subsequent activities are illustrated using experimental results from real data.
Testing the stereoscopic precision of a large‐format digital camera
Authors: Arias Benjamín , Gómez‐Lahoz Javier 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe use of large‐format digital cameras in aerial photogrammetry is leading to great improvements in photogrammetric production. Since they were first introduced about 10 years ago, the technological community has been testing and investigating the conditions under which this major change can be consolidated. But a certain (and understandable) bias may be noticed in the efforts that developers, researchers and clients are undertaking. Almost all of the efforts aim at checking the quality of automated measurements and very little attention has been directed to stereoscopic measurements by human operators, which, nevertheless, still represent an important task that needs to be carried out in the production chain. This paper presents the results from a number of tests (13 operators from a variety of enterprises) performed to check the stereoscopic precision of Vexcel UltraCamD camera images compared with Leica RC30 film images. The main conclusion to be drawn from the empirical data is that stereoscopic precision does not depend on the type of camera.
Obsessive‐Compulsive Disorder and Migraine With Medication‐Overuse Headache
Authors: Cupini Letizia Maria , De Murtas Marco , Costa Cinzia , Mancini Maria , Eusebi Paolo , Sarchielli Paola , Calabresi Paolo 
Published: June 2009

Objective.— A strong association has been demonstrated between migraine, particularly in the chronic form and with medication overuse, and either major depression or various anxiety disorders. However, there has been less systematic research on the links between migraine with medication‐overuse headache (MOH) and obsessive‐compulsive disorder (OCD). A drug‐seeking behavior shares with OCD the compulsive quality of the behavior. We investigated the relationship between OCD and MOH in migraineurs.Methods.— A structured questionnaire was administered to subjects with: episodic migraine (EM) (n = 30), chronic migraine (CM) (n = 24), and MOH with a previous history of EM (n = 33) and 29 control subjects. Psychiatric diagnoses were made by a senior psychiatrist blinded to the diagnosis of migraine. Psychiatric assessment of OCD illness was evaluated by means of The Yale‐Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y‐BOCS).Results.— In the subgroup of patients with MOH, psychiatric comorbidity (anxiety and mood disorders) was prevalent compared with CM, EM, and controls (P < .0001). Subclinical OCD was significantly prevalent in MOH patients with respect to other groups (P < .0002). Higher scores in Y‐BOCS, as a measure of severity of obsessive‐compulsive symptoms, were found in both MOH and CM compared with controls and EM.Conclusions.— The excess of psychiatric comorbidity in patients with MOH can be related either to medication overuse or to chronification of headache. Among anxiety disorders, we observed a high rate of subclinical OCD. However, a direct link between compulsive behavior and medication overuse cannot be established yet. OCD in MOH might be underdiagnosed and undertreated.
Distribution and conspicuity of intracranial abnormalities on MR imaging in adults with tuberous sclerosis complex: A comparison of sequences including ultrafast T2‐weighted images
Authors: Griffiths Paul D. , Hoggard Nigel 
Published: June 2009

SummaryPurpose:  Tuberous sclerosis complex produces a wide range of intracranial pathologies, the most common being cortical tubers and subependymal nodules. This study evaluates which magnetic resonance (MR) sequences show the pathology best and to see if “ultrafast” sequences can show the pathology robustly.Methods:  MR imaging was performed on 29 adults with tuberous sclerosis complex. Anatomically matched 5‐mm‐thick sections were taken in the axial plane using four different sequences, including single shot fast spin echo as the ultrafast method. The ability of those sequences to show cortical tubers and subependymal nodules was assessed by reporting each sequence independently and comparing with the reference standard report based on all of the sequences together.Results:  A total of 219 cortical tubers were shown in the 29 people; three did not have cortical tubers. Cortical tubers were best delineated on fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) images (false‐negative rate <0.5%) followed by the T2‐weighted images (false‐negative rate 21%). The single‐shot fast spin echo and gradient echo T2* sequences both failed to show more than 50% of cortical tubers. Subependymal nodules were shown in 24 of 29 people and the gradient echo T2* sequence showed that pathology best in all 24 cases.Discussion:  Our study shows that single‐shot fast spin echo sequences do not sufficiently show the expected intracranial complications of tuberous sclerosis complex and should not be considered as an alternative to standard sequences in this group. Cortical tubers are shown exceptionally well on FLAIR images, whereas subependymal nodules (and calcified tubers) are best shown on gradient echo T2* images.
Evaluation of cognition, structural, and functional MRI in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy
Authors: Roebling Robert , Scheerer Nico , Uttner Ingo , Gruber Oliver , Kraft Eduard , Lerche Holger 
Published: June 2009

SummaryPurpose:  Previous studies using advanced imaging techniques have suggested subtle structural and functional changes in patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME), mainly associated with the frontal lobes. In addition, it has been reported that these patients show neuropsychological deficits, often summarized as frontal lobe dysfunction. The aim of this study was a comprehensive analysis of neuropsychological parameters, and functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in an independent cohort of patients with JME.Methods:  We studied 19 JME patients and 20 age‐, sex‐, and education‐matched controls using a battery of standardized neuropsychological tests, optimized voxel‐based morphometry (VBM), and two domain‐specific working‐memory paradigms combined with functional MRI (fMRI).Results:  Our investigations did not reveal statistically significant differences between the groups of JME patients and normal controls in either the VBM or the fMRI study of working memory. The neuropsychological examination showed a slightly worse performance for the JME patients across most tests used, reaching statistical significance for semantic and verbal fluency.Conclusions:  In our cohort of JME patients, we could not reproduce the findings of frontal gray matter changes from previous studies, and we could not detect an fMRI correlate of previously reported differences in working memory in JME. The neuropsychological deficits may be attributed partially to antiepileptic medication. We conclude that structural and functional frontal lobe deficits in JME patients have to be interpreted with care. One reason for a variation between different cohorts may be the genetic heterogeneity of the disease.
Effects of levetiracetam and valproate on reproductive endocrine function studied in human ovarian follicular cells
Authors: Taubøll Erik , Gregoraszczuk Ewa L. , Wojtowicz Anna K. , Milewicz Tomasz 
Published: June 2009

SummaryPurpose:  Recent animal studies have indicated possible reproductive endocrine effects of levetiracetam (LEV). The aim of the present study was to investigate possible reproductive endocrine effects of LEV compared to valproate (VPA) using human ovarian follicular cells.Methods:  Cell cultures of human granulosa cells were prepared. First, the effect of the drugs on basal and follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH)–stimulated estradiol secretion was investigated at different concentrations of LEV (12, 20, 50, or 80 μg/ml) or VPA (75, 100, 250, or 350 μg/ml). Second, the effect of the drugs on CYP19 aromatase activity was studied. Third, the possible effect of the drugs on cell apoptosis was investigated by measuring caspase‐3 activity.Results:  VPA significantly and concentration‐dependently decreased basal and FSH‐stimulated estradiol secretion. No effects on estradiol secretion were observed for LEV. Neither VPA nor LEV had any effect on CYP19 aromatase activity under basal conditions, but both drugs reduced CYP19 aromatase activity in FSH‐stimulated cells at the higher concentrations (VPA 100, 250, and 350 μg/ml; LEV 20, 50, and 80 μg/ml). Both drugs significantly increased caspase‐3 activity, the proapoptotic effect of LEV being more pronounced than VPA.Discussion:  LEV acts differently from VPA on reproductive endocrine function when studied in human ovarian follicular cells. LEV does not affect estradiol secretion, although both drugs affect CYP19 aromatase activity after gonadotropin stimulation. Both drugs act as apoptotic agents in ovarian cells. The proapoptotic effect of LEV was more pronounced than that of VPA.
Interobserver agreement in neonatal seizure identification
Authors: Malone Aileen , Anthony Ryan C. , Fitzgerald Anthony , Burgoyne Louise , Connolly Sean , Boylan Geraldine B. 
Published: June 2009

SummaryObjectives:  Accurate diagnosis of neonatal seizures is critically important and is often made clinically, without EEG (electroencephalography) monitoring. This observational study aimed to determine the accuracy and interobserver reliability of healthcare professionals in distinguishing clinically manifested seizures from other neonatal movements, when presented with clinical histories and digital video recordings only.Methods:  Twenty digital video recordings of paroxysmal movements in term and preterm infants were selected from a video‐EEG database. The movements were categorized as seizure and nonseizure using EEG. Health care professionals (n = 137) from eight neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) were shown the video recordings with additional relevant clinical data, excluding EEG findings. The observers were asked to indicate which movements they considered to be seizure or nonseizure. A multirater Kappa statistic was used to assess agreement between observers and with the true diagnosis.Results:  Twenty video clips (11 seizure, 9 nonseizure) were evaluated by 91 doctors and 46 other professionals. The average number of correctly identified events was 10/20. Clonic seizures were correctly identified most frequently (range 36.5–95.6% of observers). Subtle seizures were poorly identified (range 20.4–49.6% of observers). The interobserver agreement (Kappa) for doctors and other health care professionals was poor at 0.21 and 0.29, respectively. Agreement with the correct diagnosis was also poor at 0.09 for doctors and −0.02 for other healthcare professionals.Discussion:  It is often impossible to accurately differentiate between seizure‐related and nonseizure movements in infants using clinical evaluation alone. In addition, doctors do not have a higher capacity for discriminating between neonatal paroxysmal events than other health care professionals. Until reliable continuous neurologic monitoring of newborn babies is available, it is likely that some babies with seizures will remain undetected and others with nonseizure movements will continue to be treated with potentially harmful anticonvulsants.
Underlying cause of death in incident unprovoked seizures in the urban community of Northern Manhattan, New York City
Authors: Benn Emma K.T. , Allen Hauser W. , Shih Tina , Leary Linda , Bagiella Emilia , Dayan Peter , Green Robert , Andrews Howard , Thurman David J. , Hesdorffer Dale C. 
Published: June 2009

SummaryWe determined underlying cause‐specific mortality for incident unprovoked seizures from Northern Manhattan, New York City. We calculated the case fatality, proportionate mortality, and the underlying cause‐specific standardized mortality ratios (SMRs), with U.S. death rates as the standard. Thirty‐two deaths were observed between 2003 and 2007 among 209 participants. Case fatality was significantly lower for idiopathic/cryptogenic seizures versus symptomatic seizures. About 31.3% of the deaths were attributed to malignant neoplasms, 25.0% to diseases of the heart, 15.6% to influenza and pneumonia, 3.1% to cerebrovascular diseases, and 25.0% to other causes. Significant SMRs were observed for all causes (SMR = 1.6), influenza and pneumonia (SMR = 7.1), and malignant neoplasms (SMR = 2.9). Younger cases (<65 years) had increased SMRs for all causes, malignant neoplasms, and other causes. Older cases (≥65 years) had increased SMRs for influenza and pneumonia. Underlying cause of death paralleled the underlying cause of seizure in patients with symptomatic etiologies.
Foramen ovale electrodes in the preoperative evaluation of temporal lobe epilepsy in children
Authors: Nilsson Daniel , Fohlen Martine , Jalin Claude , Dorfmuller George , Bulteau Christine , Delalande Olivier 
Published: June 2009

SummaryPurpose:  Foramen ovale electrodes (FOEs) can localize the epileptogenic zone in adults with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Our aim was to investigate the feasibility and safety of using FOEs to investigate refractory TLE in children.Methods:  Thirty‐eight children with seizure semiology and video‐EEG (electroencephalography) consistent with medically refractory TLE, and/or the presence of a lesion in the temporal lobe, had FOEs inserted. Complications occurring during the monitoring and up to 3 months after surgery and the long‐term seizure outcome were registered.Results:  Forty electrodes were placed in 38 patients. The mean age of the patients was 9.8 years (range 2.3–15.4 years). FOEs confirmed a unilateral mesial temporal lobe seizure onset in 14 patients, onset in both FOEs and lateral electrodes in two patients, and onset in the anterior temporal electrodes in only one patient. Six patients had seizures recorded but were not considered surgical candidates; four patients had no seizures recorded, and 11 patients were further investigated with depth electrodes. One patient (2.6%) developed a hematoma in the cheek, and in two patients the electrodes were extracranial but could still be used for recording. Twenty‐eight children had a temporal resection; 25 were Engel class I at follow‐up.Discussion:  FOEs are safe to use in children and provide valuable information on the mesial temporal lobe structures in the preoperative investigation of pediatric TLE. Patient selection for FOE investigation is, however, essential for a conclusive result.
Language lateralization in epilepsy patients: fMRI validated with the Wada procedure
Authors: Arora Jagriti , Pugh Kenneth , Westerveld Michael , Spencer Susan , Spencer Dennis D. , Todd Constable R. 
Published: June 2009

SummaryPurpose:  This work examines the efficacy of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) for language lateralization using a comprehensive three‐task language‐mapping approach. Two localization methods and four different metrics for quantifying activation within hemisphere are compared and validated with Wada testing. Sources of discordance between fMRI and Wada lateralization are discussed with respect to specific patient examples.Methods:  fMRI language mapping was performed in patients with epilepsy (N = 40) using reading sentence comprehension, auditory sentence comprehension, and a verbal fluency task. This was compared with the Wada procedure using both whole‐brain and midline exclusion–based analyses. Different laterality scores were examined as a function of statistical threshold to investigate the sensitivity to threshold effects.Results:  For the lateralized patients categorized by Wada, fMRI laterality indices (LIs) were concordant with the Wada procedure results in 83.87% patients for the reading task, 83.33% patients for the auditory task, 76.92% patients for the verbal fluency task, and in 91.3% patients for the conjunction analysis. The patients categorized as bilateral via the Wada procedure showed some hemispheric dominance in fMRI, and discrepancies between the Wada test findings and the functional laterality scores arose for a range of reasons.Discussion:  Discordance was dependent upon whether whole‐brain or midline exclusion method–based lateralization was calculated, and in the former case the inclusion of the occipital and other midline regions often negatively influenced the lateralization scores. Overall fMRI was in agreement with the Wada test in 91.3% of patients, suggesting its utility for clinical use with the proper consideration given to the confounds discussed in this work.
Ondansetron and seizures
Authors: Singh Niranjan N. , Rai Ajitesh , Selhorst John B. , Acharya Jayant N. 
Published: June 2009

SummaryExperimental studies suggest that 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT) receptors play a role in epileptogenesis and seizure propagation. Ondansetron, a 5‐HT3receptor antagonist, has been reported to have proconvulsant and anticonvulsant effects in animals. We describe three patients who developed seizures after receiving ondansetron. There were two females and one male. Ages ranged from 38–56 years. None had a previous or family history of seizures. Four milligrams (mg) of ondansetron was given intravenously for severe nausea and vomiting in association with migraine, gastritis, and diabetic ketoacidosis. A generalized tonic–clonic seizure occurred in each patient—12, 15, and 22 min after injection. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and electroencephalography (EEG) were normal in all patients. Although no antiepileptic drugs were given, none had seizure recurrence subsequently. The temporal relationship between ondansetron administration and seizures, lack of EEG or MRI abnormalities, and absence of seizure recurrence suggest that the seizures were causally related to ondansetron in our patients.
Prevalence of epilepsy and seizures in the Navajo Nation 1998–2002
Authors: Parko Karen , Thurman David J. 
Published: June 2009

SummaryPurpose:  To determine the prevalence of epilepsy and seizures in the Navajo.Methods:  We studied 226,496 Navajo residing in the Navajo Reservation who had at least one medical encounter between October 1, 1998 and September 30, 2002. We ascertained and confirmed cases in two phases. First, we identified patients with International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD‐9‐CM) codes signifying epilepsy or seizures using Indian Health Service (IHS) administrative data. Second, we reviewed medical charts of a geographic subpopulation of identified patients to confirm diagnoses and assess the positive predictive value of the ICD‐9‐CM codes in identifying patients with active epilepsy.Results:  Two percent of Navajo receiving IHS care were found to have an ICD‐9‐CM code consistent with epilepsy or seizures. Based on confirmed cases, the crude prevalence for the occurrence of any seizure (including febrile seizures and recurrent seizures that may have been provoked) in the geographic subpopulation was 13.5 per 1,000 and the crude prevalence of active epilepsy was 9.2 per 1,000. Prevalence was higher among males, children under 5 years of age, and older adults.Discussion:  The estimated prevalence of active epilepsy in the Navajo Nation is above the upper limit of the range of reported estimates from other comparable studies of U.S. communities.