bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Caspase‐11 mediates ischemia‐induced astrocyte death: Involvement of endoplasmic reticulum stress and C/EBP homologous protein
Authors: Fradejas Noelia , Pastor María Dolores , Burgos Miguel , Beyaert Rudi , Tranque Pedro , Calvo Soledad 
Published: November 2009

AbstractAstrocytes are essential cells for maintaining brain integrity. We have recently shown that the transcription factor C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, plays a key role in the astrocyte death induced by ischemia. Meanwhile, mediators of apoptosis downstream of CHOP in the ER stress‐dependent pathway remain to be elucidated. Our aim in this work was to determine whether caspase‐11, able to activate apoptotic and proinflammatory pathways, is implicated in ER stress‐dependent astrocyte death in ischemic conditions. According to our results, caspase‐11 is up‐regulated in primary astrocyte cultures following either oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) or treatment with the ER‐stress inducers thapsigargin and tunicamycin. Moreover, these same stimuli increased caspase‐11 mRNA levels and luciferase activity driven by a caspase‐11 promoter, indicating that caspase‐11 is regulated at the transcriptional level. Our data also illustrate the involvement of ER stress‐associated CHOP in caspase‐11 regulation, insofar as CHOP overexpression by means of an adenoviral vector caused a significant raise in caspase‐11. In turn, caspase‐11 suppression with siRNA rescued astrocytes from OGD‐ and ER stress‐induced death, supporting the idea that caspase‐11 is responsible for the deleterious effects of ischemia on astrocytes. Finally, inhibition of caspase‐1 and caspase‐3 significantly reduced astrocyte death, which indicates that these proteases act as death effectors of caspase‐11. In conclusion, our work contributes to clarifying the pathways leading to astrocyte death in response to ischemia by defining caspase‐11 as a key mediator of the ER stress response acting downstream of CHOP. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The effect of skeletal maturity on the regenerative function of intrinsic ACL cells
Authors: Mastrangelo Ashley N. , Magarian Elise M. , Palmer Matthew P. , Vavken Patrick , Murray Martha M. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractAnterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are an important clinical problem, particularly for adolescent patients. The effect of skeletal maturity on the potential for ACL healing is as yet unknown. In this study, we hypothesized that fibroblastic cells from the ACLs of skeletally immature animals would proliferate and migrate more quickly than cells from adolescent and adult animals. ACL tissue from skeletally immature, adolescent, and adult pigs and sheep were obtained and cells obtained using explant culture. Cell proliferation within a collagen–platelet scaffold was measured at days 2, 7, and 14 of culture using AM MTT assay. Cellular migration was measured at 4 and 24 h using a modified Boyden chamber assay, and cell outgrowth from the explants also measured at 1 week. ACL cells from skeletally immature animals had higher proliferation between 7 and 14 days (p < 0.01 for all comparisons) and higher migration potential at all time points in both species (p < 0.01 for all comparisons). ACL cells from skeletally immature animals have greater cellular proliferation and migration potential than cells from adolescent or adult animals. These experiments suggest that skeletal maturity may influence the biologic repair capacity of intrinsic ACL cells. © 2009 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 28:644–651, 2010
The roles of TNFR1 in lipopolysaccharide‐induced bone loss: Dual effects of TNFR1 on bone metabolism via osteoclastogenesis and osteoblast survival
Authors: Ochi Hiroki , Hara Yasushi , Tagawa Masahiro , Shinomiya Kenichi , Asou Yoshinari 
Published: November 2009

AbstractLPS (lipopolysaccharide), a major constituent of Gram‐negative bacteria, regulates proliferation and differentiation of osteoclasts directly or indirectly. This study sought to investigate the functions of the RANK/RANKL pathway in LPS‐induced bone loss in vivo. Wild‐type mice or TNFR1−/− mice were injected LPS with or without osteoprotegerin (OPG) and analyzed histologically. Bone volume was reduced by LPS injection in all groups, and OPG administration prevented the LPS‐induced bone loss regardless of genotypes. LPS‐induced enhancement of osteoclastogenesis in wild‐type mice was blocked by OPG administration. LPS or OPG did not affect osteoclastogenesis in TNFR1−/− mice. Interestingly, osteoblast surface was remarkably reduced in LPS‐treated TNFR1−/− mice as a result of enhanced osteoblast apoptosis. TRAIL, induced by TNF‐α in BMC, triggered apoptosis of primary osteoblast only when TNFR1 signal was ablated in vitro. In conclusion, RANK signaling plays a prominent role in osteoclastogenesis downstream of LPS. Furthermore, TNFR1 regulates bone metabolism through not only the regulation of osteoclast differentiation but also osteoblast survival. © 2009 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 28:657–663, 2010
Analysis of structure and vibrational spectra of 2,5‐dihydroxybenzoicacid based on density functional theory calculations
Authors: Krishnakumar V. , Surumbarkuzhali N. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe spectra of 2,5‐dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHBA) have been recorded using Fourier transform‐infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR) and FT‐Raman measurements. The total energy calculations of DHBA were evaluated for various possible conformers. The spectra were interpreted with the help of normal coordinate analysis based on density functional theory (DFT) using standard B3LYP/6–31G* method for the most optimized geometry. The effect of intramolecular hydrogen bonding was discussed. Normal coordinate calculations were performed with the DFT force field corrected by a recommended set of scaling factors, yielding fairly good agreement between observed and calculated frequencies. On the basis of the comparison between calculated and experimental results, assignments of fundamental modes were examined. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of fermented soy product on the fecal microbiota of rats fed on a beef‐based animal diet
Authors: Bedani Raquel , Pauly‐Silveira Nadiége D , Roselino Mariana N , de Valdez Graciela F , Rossi Elizeu A 
Published: November 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine whether the consumption of soy product fermented with Enterococcus faecium CRL 183, would modify the fecal microbiota of rats fed a diet containing red meat. The rats were placed in groups, distinguished by their diets. For 60 days, group I was given a standard casein‐based rodent feed and groups II–VI, the beef‐based feed. From the 30th day, groups III–VI also ingested the following products: group III, E. faecium‐fermented soy product; group IV, pure suspension of E. faecium; group V, sterilized fermented soy product; and group VI, unfermented soy product.RESULTS: Rats that ingested fermented soy product showed a slight increase in the numbers of lactobacilli (0.45 log CFU g−1), as did the casein‐based diet group (0.47 log CFU g−1). The fermented soy product did not cause any reduction in the number of enterobacteria or clostridia, but promoted a slight fall in the viable count of Bacteroides spp. (2.80 ± 0.20 to 2.34 ± 0.07 log CFU g−1).CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that the ingestion of this fermented soy product did not lead to significant changes in the fecal microbiota of the rats fed on a beef‐based diet. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Opportunities for commercial accommodation in VFR travel
Authors: Backer Elisa Rose 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThis research explores the extent to which VFR travellers utilise commercial accommodation in the Sunshine Coast, Australia, and profiles the characteristics and behaviours of this particular type of VFR traveller. The research indicated that 26% of the VFRs stayed in commercial accommodation (CVFRs). This closely aligned with research using the same method in a comparative destination, Ballarat, Australia, indicating that 22% of VFRs stayed in commercial accommodation. CVFR travellers occupied similar types of commercial accommodation as non‐VFRs and engaged in similar tourism activities. However, they came from different generating regions and used different sources of information for planning their trip. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Understanding ASEAN tourism collaboration — the preconditions and policy framework formulation
Authors: Wong Emma P.Y. , Mistilis Nina , Dwyer Larry 
Published: November 2009

AbstractIntergovernmental collaboration in tourism among ASEAN nations has received little attention in the literature despite the significant contribution that tourism makes in the region. This paper helps improve our understanding of the phenomenon by providing empirical evidence that explains the preconditions that gave rise to ASEAN tourism and the formulation of its policy framework. It is suggested that, to truly realise the vision of economic integration and sustainable tourism development, continuous efforts are required to establish, promote and protect the common interests of member countries. Policy‐makers should also strive for a good balance between pragmatism and mechanism when implementing policies. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Supraglottic swelling may not correlate with tongue swelling in angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor‐induced angioedema
Authors: Saxena Shashank , Gierl Brian , Eibling David E. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractAngioneurotic edema of upper airway tissues due to angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) usage is a known perioperative complication of this class of medications. Swelling can begin rapidly, and typically involves the tongue and oral cavity. We have recently encountered four cases in which supraglottic edema developed after onset of tongue swelling and progressed despite resolving tongue edema. We present a representative case. This observation suggests that all patients with ACEI‐induced angioedema should undergo laryngeal fiberoptic examination and appropriate airway management. Laryngoscope, 2010
Highly Asymmetric Phase Diagram of a Poly(1,2‐octylene oxide)–Poly(ethylene oxide) Diblock Copolymer System Comprising a Brush‐Like Poly(1,2‐octylene oxide) Block
Authors: Hamley Ian W. , O'Driscoll Ben M. D. , Lotze Gudrun , Moulton Claire , Allgaier Jürgen , Frielinghaus Henrich 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe phase diagram of a series of poly(1,2‐octylene oxide)–poly(ethylene oxide) (POO–PEO) diblock copolymers is determined by small‐angle X‐ray scattering. The Flory–Huggins interaction parameter was measured by small‐angle neutron scattering. The phase diagram is highly asymmetric due to large conformational asymmetry that results from the hexyl side chains in the POO block. Non‐lamellar phases (hexagonal and gyroid) are observed nearfPEO = 0.5, and the lamellar phase is observed forfPEO ≥ 0.5.magnified image
Mass spectrometry of the photolysis of sulfonylurea herbicides in prairie waters
Authors: Headley John V. , Du Jing‐Long , Peru Kerry M. , McMartin Dena W. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThis review of mass spectrometry of sulfonylurea herbicides includes a focus on studies relevant to Canadian Prairie waters. Emphasis is given to data gaps in the literature for the rates of photolysis of selected sulfonylurea herbicides in different water matrices. Specifically, results are evaluated for positive ion electrospray tandem mass spectrometry with liquid chromatography separation for the study of the photolysis of chlorsulfuron, tribenuron‐methyl, thifensulfuron‐methyl, metsulfuron‐methyl, and ethametsulfuron‐methyl. LC–MS/MS is shown to be the method of choice for the quantification of sulfonylurea herbicides with instrumental detection limits ranging from 1.3 to 7.2 pg (on‐column). Tandem mass spectrometry coupled with the use of authentic standards likewise has proven to be well suited for the identification of transformation products. To date, however, the power of time‐of‐flight MS and ultrahigh resolution MS has not been exploited fully for the identification of unknown photolysis products. Dissipation of the herbicides under natural sunlight fit pseudo‐first‐order kinetics with half‐life values ranging from 4.4 to 99 days. For simulated sunlight, radiation wavelengths shorter than 400 nm are required to induce significant photolytic reactions. The correlation between field dissipation studies and laboratory photolysis experiments suggests that photolysis is a major pathway for the dissipation of some sulfonylurea herbicides in natural Prairie waters. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., Mass Spec Rev 29:593–605, 2010
Longitudinal study of the levodopa motor response in Parkinson's disease: Relationship between cognitive decline and motor function
Authors: Alty Jane E. , Clissold Benjamin G. , McColl Craig D. , Reardon Katrina A. , Shiff Mark , Kempster Peter A. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractIn this prospective study of 34 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), measurements of the short duration levodopa motor response have been performed every 3 years in defined off states. The mean time from initiation of levodopa treatment was 14.8 years, and 17 patients survived to the latest assessment stage. Off phase motor function worsened at a yearly rate of 2.2% of the maximum disability score. The magnitude of the levodopa response is well preserved as the disease progresses, and patients who developed motor fluctuations maintained better on phase motor function than nonfluctuators (P = 0.01). Ten patients, of whom 5 survive, developed dementia. There was no difference in pretreatment disability or initial levodopa response between demented and nondemented subjects. However, dementia was associated with worse on and off motor disability scores after 11 and 14 years (P < 0.001), and a smaller levodopa response magnitude after 14 years (P = 0.008). The plot of sequential scores shows the association between cognitive decline and accelerating increase in motor disability. This suggests that the advanced phase of PD, when Lewy body pathology involves the cerebral cortex, progresses in an exponential rather than linear fashion. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society
A family with a hereditary form of torsion dystonia from Northern Sweden treated with bilateral pallidal deep brain stimulation
Authors: Blomstedt Patric , Hariz Marwan I. , Tisch Stephen , Holmberg Monica , Bergenheim Tommy A. , Forsgren Lars 
Published: November 2009

AbstractTo evaluate pallidal DBS in a non‐DYT1 form of hereditary dystonia. We present the results of pallidal DBS in a family with non‐DYT1 dystonia where DYT5 to 17 was excluded. The dystonia is following an autosomal dominant pattern. Ten members had definite dystonia and five had dystonia with minor symptoms. Four patients received bilateral pallidal DBS. Mean age was 47 years. The patients were evaluated before surgery, and “on” stimulation after a mean of 2.5 years (range 1–3) using the Burke‐Fahn‐Marsden scale (BFM). Mean BFM score decreased by 79 % on stimulation, from 42.5 ± 24 to 9 ± 6.5 at the last evaluation. Cervical involvement improved by 89%. The 2 patients with oromandibular dystonia and blepharospasm demonstrated a reduction of 95% regarding these symptoms. The present study confirms the effectiveness of pallidal DBS in a new family with hereditary primary segmental and generalized dystonia. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society
Periodic leg movements and REM sleep without atonia in Parkinson's disease with camptocormia
Authors: Lavault Sophie , Bloch Frederic , Houeto Jean‐Luc , Konofal Eric , Welter Marie‐Laure , Agid Yves , Arnulf Isabelle 
Published: November 2009

AbstractCamptocormia (a flexion of the trunk that only appears when standing or walking) affects a minority of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). As it responds poorly to levodopa and is associated with reduced midbrain and pons volume, it may result from non‐dopaminergic, brainstem lesions. As several sleep abnormalities in PD also result from non‐dopaminergic brainstem lesions, we monitored sleep in 24 non‐demented PD patients with (n = 12) and without (n = 12) camptocormia and in 12 controls. Nearly half (42%) patients with camptocormia had abnormal periodic leg movement indices (>15/h), versus 17% patients without camptocormia and 8% of controls (p = 0.02). In addition, the percentage of enhanced muscle activity during REM sleep (measured on the chin and on the limb muscles) tended to be higher in patients with than without camptocormia (51 ± 39% vs. 20 ± 25%, p = 0.06). The other sleep and REM sleep characteristics (sleep and REM sleep onset latencies, sleep time and sleep stage percentages, REMs density, arousal, and apnea‐hypopnea indices) were not different between these two PD groups. Lesions causing this axial dystonia may spare the sleep systems but affect the control of movements during sleep. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society
Complete experimental and theoretical proton and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectral assignments, molecular structure and conformational study of 1‐cyclohexylpiperazine and 1‐(4‐pyridyl)piperazine
Authors: Alver Özgür 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe possible stable forms and molecular structures of 1‐cyclohexylpiperazine (1‐chpp) and 1‐(4‐pyridyl)piperazine (1‐4pypp) molecules have been studied experimentally and theoretically using nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) spectroscopy. 13C, 15N cross‐polarization magic‐angle spinning NMR and liquid phase1H, 13C, DEPT, COSY, HETCOR and INADEQUATE NMR spectra of 1‐chpp (C10H20N2) and 1‐4pypp (C9H13N2) have been reported. Solvent effects on nuclear magnetic shielding tensors have been investigated using CDCl3, CD3 OD, dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO)‐d6, (CD3)2CO, D2O and CD2Cl2. 1H and 13C NMR chemical shifts have been calculated for the most stable two conformers, equatorial–equatorial (e–e) and axial–equatorial (a–e) forms of 1‐chpp and 1‐4pypp using B3LYP/6‐311++G(d,p)//6‐31G(d) level of theory. Results from experimental and theoretical data showed that the molecular geometry and the mole fractions of stable conformers of both molecules are solvent dependent. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Coupled Single‐Particle and Population Balance Modeling for Particle Size Distribution of Poly(propylene) Produced in Loop Reactors
Authors: Luo Zheng‐Hong , Wen Shao‐Hua , Shi De‐Pan , Zheng Zu‐Wei 
Published: November 2009

AbstractA comprehensive model was developed for the PSD of PP produced in loop reactors. The polymeric multilayer model (PMLM) was first applied to calculate the single particle growth rate under intraparticle transfer limitations. In order to obtain the comprehensive model, the PMLM was solved together with a steady‐state particle population equation to predict the PSD in the loop reactors. The simulated PSD data obtained under steady‐state polymerization conditions agreed with the actual data collected from industrial scale plant. The comprehensive model was also used to predict the effects of some critical factors, including the intraparticle mass and heat transfer limitations, the feed catalyst particle size and the catalyst deactivation, etc., on the PSD.magnified image
Exogenously administered opioids contract the female rat intrinsic urethral sphincter in vivo
Authors: Crayton Robert , Soller Wolfgang , Mattiasson Anders , Bossowska Agnieszka , Borkowski Tomasz , Majewski Mariusz , Radziszewski Piotr 
Published: November 2009

AbstractBackground and objectivePrevious studies have reported immunoreactive opioid nerve fibers in the detrusor and lower urinary tract sphincters. However, there is a paucity of in vivo studies demonstrating the direct effect of endogenous opioids in these structures. In the present study, we investigated the contractile actions of intra‐arterially administered exogenous Dynorphin‐A, Met‐enkephalin, Leu‐enkephalin, morphine, and the opioid antagonist naltrexone on the female rat intrinsic urethral sphincter in vivo.MethodsIntraurethral pressure was recorded by a catheter placed at the maximum pressure zone of the intrinsic urethral sphincter in anesthetized female Sprague–Dawley rats. The effects of different opioids were studied and expressed as means and as percentages of pressure change (cmH2O) of the baseline intraurethral pressure.ResultsDynorphin‐A, Met‐enkephalin, and Leu‐enkephalin evoked rapid, long‐lasting contractile effects on the female rat urethra. The greatest intraurethral pressure increase was evoked by Dynorphin‐A (89.2 ± 15.3%). For Met‐enkephalin, intraurethral pressure increased by 70.2 ± 21.8% and for Leu‐enkephalin, the pressure increase was 60.6 ± 20%. Morphine, however, evoked inconsistent intraurethral pressure changes, increasing the urethral pressure in three subjects and lowering the pressure in the remaining six subjects. The opioid antagonist naltrexone reduced the intraurethral pressure by a mean of −19.0 ± 5.8%.ConclusionResults of the present study suggest that endogenous opioids by their contractile action on the intrinsic urethral sphincter may play a role in the control of continence in rats, additional to cholinergic and noradrenergic pathways. Neurourol. Urodynam. 29:777–782, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the conjunctiva: Response to chemotherapy with low‐dose methotrexate and vinorelbine
Authors: Favini Francesca , Resti Antonio Giordano , Collini Paola , Casanova Michela , Meazza Cristina , Trecate Giovanna , Ferrari Andrea 
Published: November 2009

AbstractInflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is an unusual entity that mainly affects children and young adults, and for which standardized therapies for inoperable cases are still lacking. We report on a 12‐year‐old patient with an extremely rare and inoperable conjunctival location that was treated with chemotherapy using low‐dose methotrexate plus vinorelbine, achieving complete tumor remission. This regimen is usually well tolerated and may be considered as the treatment of choice for cases of unresectable advanced IMT. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010;54:483–485. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Gelatin‐based photopolymers for bone replacement materials
Authors: Schuster Monika , Turecek Claudia , Weigel Guenter , Saf Robert , Stampfl Juergen , Varga Franz , Liska Robert 
Published: November 2009

AbstractGelatin‐based monomers were considered as suitable base component for the 3D structuring of potential bone replacement materials by stereolithographic techniques. Different methacrylate‐based gelatin derivatives were prepared, whereas a polyethylene glycol modified derivative GP4M turned out to have the highest tolerance toward other monomers. These are essential as they allow the tuning of the photoreactivity and the mechanical properties. Cell culture experiments with osteoblast‐ and endothelial‐like cells confirmed negligible cytotoxicity of these monomers. Finally, we were able to show the possibility of producing arbitrary cellular structures with these gelatin‐containing formulations using stereolithography. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2009
How to extend quantum experiments
Authors: Arndt M. , Aspelmeyer M. , Zeilinger A. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractModern experimental developments allow to address the fundamental challenges of quantum physics on new, macroscopic scales. How far can such experiments be pushed with current technology? We discuss three specific examples, long‐distance photonic entanglement, matter wave interferometry and superposition states of mechanical resonators, and discuss possible extensions to these experiments. It turns out that there is “plenty of room at the top” for macroscopic quantum experiments, even with presently available technology.