bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the bidual of quasinormable Fréchet algebras
Authors: Podara Christina P. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIt is known that the bidual of a quasinormable Fréchet spaceEwith local Banach spaces\documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$(E_n)_{n\in {\mathbb N}}$\end{document}is topologically isomorphic to the inverse limit of\documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\big (E_n^{\prime \prime }\big )_{n\in {\mathbb N}}$\end{document}. With the aid of the Arens product and by homological means, we prove that the previous result is equally valid for quasinormable Fréchet m‐convex algebras. This allows showing that the bidual of a σ‐C*‐algebra equipped with the Arens product is a σ‐C*‐algebra and presenting a new direct proof of a result on acyclic spectra due to Palamodov.
Significant CMAP decrement by repetitive nerve stimulation is more frequent in median than ulnar nerves of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Yamashita Satoshi , Sakaguchi Hideya , Mori Akira , Kimura En , Maeda Yasushi , Hirano Teruyuki , Uchino Makoto 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIntroduction: Several studies have shown a significant amplitude decrement in compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs) on repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS) of muscles involved in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).In ALS, muscle wasting preferentially affects the thenar muscles (APB) rather than the hypothenar muscles (ADM). Methods: We performed RNS studies in the APB and ADM muscles of 32 ALS patients to determine whether the effect of RNS differs between the median and ulnar nerves. Results: The decremental responses to RNS were greater in the APB than in the ADM. Reduced CMAP amplitude was negatively correlated with CMAP decrement in median but not in ulnar nerves. Conclusions: The greater CMAP decrement in median nerve is attributable to preferential involvement of the APB in the pathophysiology of ALS or some underlying difference in the biology of the two muscles/nerves. Further investigations will better our understanding of the pathophysiology of ALS. Muscle Nerve, 2012
Utilization of the iPad Application: Aid for Decision‐making in Occupation Choice
Authors: Tomori Kounosuke , Uezu Sei , Kinjo Syota , Ogahara Kakuya , Nagatani Ryutaro , Higashi Toshio 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe purpose of the study was to develop and evaluate an iPad (Apple) application, Aid for Decision‐making in Occupation Choice (ADOC), so as to promote shared decision‐making in an occupation‐based goal setting. This application involves the client choosing from 94 illustrations describing daily activities related to the category of “activities and participation”. One hundred occupational therapy clients evaluated the ADOC for goal setting; the clients and 37 occupational therapists underwent a survey to determine their perceptions of decision‐making in the goal setting. More than 90% of the clients felt that they could give their opinions using the ADOC regarding goal setting. The majority of the occupational therapists (>90%) felt that ADOC would be useful in their clinical practice for setting client goals. The results indicated that ADOC is a useful and acceptable tool for both clients and occupational therapists in shared decision‐making in occupation‐based goal setting. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mathematics intervention for prevention of neurocognitive deficits in childhood leukemia
Authors: Moore (Ki) Ida M. , Hockenberry Marilyn J. , Anhalt Cynthia , McCarthy Kathy , Krull Kevin R. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBackgroundDespite evidence that CNS treatment is associated with cognitive and academic impairment, interventions to prevent or mitigate these problems are limited. The purpose was to determine if early intervention can prevent declines in mathematics abilities.ProceduresFifty‐seven children with ALL were enrolled and randomized to a Mathematics Intervention or Standard Care. Subjects completed neurocognitive assessments prior to the intervention, post‐intervention, and 1 year later. Parents received written results and recommendations for use with their school. The Mathematics Intervention was based on Multiple Representation Theory and delivered individually over 1 year.ResultsThirty‐two of 57 subjects completed the study and were included in data analyses. These 32 subjects completed all neurocognitive assessments and, for those in the Intervention Group, 40–50 hours of the Mathematics Intervention. There were no group differences on relevant demographic variables; risk stratification; number of intrathecal methotrexate injections; or high dose systemic methotrexate. Significant improvements in calculation and applied mathematics from Baseline to Post‐Intervention (P = 0.003 and 0.002, respectively) and in visual working memory from Baseline to 1 year Follow‐up (P = 0.02) were observed in the Intervention but not the Standard Care Group. Results from repeated measures ANOVA demonstrated significant between group differences for applied mathematics [F(2,29) = 12.47, P < 0.001] and visual working memory [F(2,29) = 5.53, P = 0.009].ConclusionsThe Mathematics Intervention improved mathematics abilities and visual working memory compared to standard care. Future studies are needed to translate the Mathematics Intervention into a “virtual” delivery method more readily available to parents and children. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012;59:278–284. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Recent Research Progress in Burning Rate Catalysts
Authors: Gao Jing‐min , Wang Li , Yu Hao‐jie , Xiao An‐guo , Ding Wen‐bing 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBurning rate catalysts are one of the most important components of rocket propellants and are able to enhance solid propellant burning rates. There are several kinds of burning rate catalysts such as nanometal burning rate catalysts, nanometal oxide burning rate catalysts, compound burning rate catalysts, ferrocene and its derivatives burning rate catalysts, and so on. This article reviews the recent research processes in burning rate catalysts.
Structures and Properties Prediction of HMX/TATB Co‐Crystal
Authors: Wei Chunxue , Huang Hui , Duan Xiaohui , Pei Chonghua 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIn this study, a new co‐crystal explosive of 1,3,5,7‐tetranitro‐1,3,5,7‐tetrazocane (HMX)/1,3,5‐triamino‐2,4,6‐trinitrobenzene (TATB) (molar ratio 1 : 1) was designed based on crystal engineering. The crystal structure was predicted using the polymorph predictor (PP) method. The main properties of co‐crystal consisting of mechanical properties, stability, and interaction formats were simulated through molecular dynamics methods. Simulated results indicate that the crystal structure of the HMX/TATB co‐crystal may belong to the P$\bar 1$, P212121 or P21/c space group. The calculations of the binding energy and the analysis for radial distribution function show that the two components are connected through electrostatic hydrogen bonding and strong van der Waals interactions. The new co‐crystal has better mechanical properties with the moduli systematically decreased. With the appearance of the new crystal, the trigger bond NNO2 has little change.
Electric‐field‐induced optical absorption and refractive‐index changes of a shallow hydrogenic impurity in an InAs/GaAs quantum wire
Authors: Arunachalam N. , Peter A. J. , Yoo C. K. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe effect of electric‐field strength on the binding energy of a hydrogenic impurity in an InAs/GaAs quantum wire is discussed. Calculations have been performed using Bessel functions as an orthonormal basis within a single‐band effective‐mass approximation. The electric‐field‐induced photoionization cross section of the hydrogenic impurity is investigated. The total optical absorption and the refractive‐index changes as a function of normalized photon energy between the ground and the first excited state under the influence of an electric field are analyzed. The optical absorption coefficients and the refractive‐index changes strongly depend on the incident optical intensity and the electric‐field intensity.
A new method to obtain ultimate bounds and convergence rates for perturbed time‐delay systems
Authors: Quan Quan , Cai Kai‐Yuan 
Published: September 2011

SUMMARYA new method is proposed to determine the ultimate bounds and the convergence rates for perturbed time‐delay systems when the Lyapunov–Krasovskii functionals and their derivatives are available. Compared with existing methods, the proposed method is more concise, more widely applicable, and the obtained results are less conservative. To show the three features, the proposed method is applied to improve three existing results, respectively. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An integrated fault diagnosis and safe‐parking framework for fault‐tolerant control of nonlinear systems
Authors: Du Miao , Nease Jake , Mhaskar Prashant 
Published: September 2011

SUMMARYIn this work, we consider the problem of designing an integrated fault diagnosis and fault‐handling framework to deal with actuator faults in nonlinear systems. A model‐based fault diagnosis design is first proposed, which can not only identify the failed actuator but also estimate the fault magnitude. The fault information is obtained by estimating the outputs of the actuators and comparing them with the corresponding prescribed control inputs. This methodology is developed under state feedback control and generalized to deal with state estimation errors. Then the safe‐parking framework developed previously (to handle the case where the failed actuator reverts to a known fixed value) for fault‐tolerant control is extended to handle the case where an actuator seizes at an arbitrary value. The estimate of the failed actuator position provided by the fault diagnosis design is used to choose a safe‐park point, at which the system operates temporarily during fault repair, from those generated offline for a series of design values of the failed actuator position. The discrepancy between the actual value of the failed actuator position and the corresponding design value is handled through the robustness of the control design. The efficacy of the integrated fault diagnosis and safe‐parking framework is demonstrated through a chemical reactor example. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dynamics of contact line motion during the wetting of rough surfaces and correlation with topographical surface parameters
Authors: Kubiak K. J. , Wilson M. C. T. , Mathia T. G. , Carras S. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractDynamics of contact line motion and wettability is essential in many industrial applications such as liquid coating, lubrication, printing, painting, condensation, etc. However, the wettability of surfaces depends not only on liquid–solid chemical properties but also can be strongly affected by surface roughness. As a practical application of controlled wettability, we can mention the self‐cleaning surfaces, protective clothing, microfluidics devices, electro wetting, etc. In this article, we experimentally investigate the spreading of droplets deposited onto rough surfaces. Anisotropic surfaces were prepared by abrasive polishing on the following materials: aluminium alloy AA7064, titanium alloy Ti‐6Al‐4V, steel AISI 8630, copper alloy UNS C17000, machinable glass ceramic, and poly‐methylmethacrylate. Topographical 2D parameters were calculated according to the following standards, defining Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS): ISO 4287, ISO 12085, ISO 13565, ISO 12780, and ISO 12181. The influence of topographical parameters on wettability and spreading phenomenon has been evaluated by statistical covariance analysis. The following parameters have strong influence on fluid spreading on rough surfaces: Rmr is the relative material ratio of the roughness profile, Trc is the microgeometric material ratio, Pmr is the relative material ratio of the raw profile, Kr is the mean slope of the roughness motifs, RONt is the peak to valley roundness deviation, and Psk is the Skewness of the raw profile. The physical meaning of selected parameters is discussed, and Kr (the mean slope of the roughness motifs) is selected as the most important and physically meaningful parameter. It has been found that for all tested materials, fluid spreading shows increasing tendency when mean slope of the roughness motifs (Kr) increases. SCANNING 33: 370–377, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Retrospective Analysis Demonstrates No Advantage to Operative Management of Distal Ulna Fractures
Authors: Williams Emily A. , Friedrich Jeffrey B. 
Published: September 2011

Background Isolated fracture of the distal one third of the ulna (the “nightstick fracture”) is a common injury no clear consensus on its optimal management. The purpose of this study is to compare the clinical outcomes of operatively and non-operatively treated distal ulna fractures. Methods Patients treated over a 5-year period at a level I trauma center for distal ulna fracture were identified and medical records were analyzed. Data were collected on demographics, injury mechanism, fracture pattern, type of treatment, estimated time to osseous healing, and complications. Estimated bony healing time was analyzed with the t test, and treatment types were analyzed with the chi-square test. Results Forty-seven patients with 48 ulna fractures met inclusion criteria for the study. Mean follow-up was 36 weeks. One third of the group was female and mean patient age was 43 years. Eighteen ulnas were treated operatively. There was not a significant difference in the non-operative and operative groups regarding proportions of patients with angulation greater than 15° or 25% or greater translation. There was no significant difference in time to bony consolidation. The operative group had more complications, but the rate was not significantly different than the non-operative group. Conclusions Isolated distal ulna fractures, including those angulated greater than 15° or translated more than 25%, appear to heal well with non-operative treatment. Operative treatment of closed isolated distal ulna fractures does not appear to confer a treatment advantage when compared to non-operative treatment.
Odorous Compounds in Bioplastics Derived from Bloodmeal
Authors: Verbeek Casparus J. R. , Hicks Talia , Langdon Alan 
Published: September 2011

AbstractDuring the processing of bloodmeal‐based thermoplastics (BMT), volatile compounds are released which are odorous and unpleasant. Literature searches revealed that blood components are thermally unstable under oxidising conditions and the presence of iron in bloodmeal (BM) may catalyse the formation of various odorous compounds. The objective of this work was to establish an odour profile for BM as well as BMT prior to extrusion and to determine the effect of oxidative treatment on the resulting odour profile. A comparison of the volatile compounds arising from using BM with those arising from using red blood cells (RB) was carried out using headspace‐solid phase micro‐extraction–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (HS‐SPME–GC/MS). A total of 23 compounds were identified, 4 of which were products of putrefaction also identified in RB subjected to putrefactive degradation; these were phenol, 4‐methyl phenol, indole and methyl indole. In addition, several aldehydes and ketones were identified in BM and RB and may result from thermal, microbiological or auto‐oxidative deterioration of the lipids and proteins present in blood during BM manufacture. Oxidative treatment of BM removed some of the compounds that were generated by putrefaction and thermal degradation. Treatment led to an improvement in the perceived odour type and intensity of BM, however, upon conversion to BMT the perceived odour became significantly worse. This malodour was able to be mitigated by the addition of 10–20 wt% activated carbon or greater than 20 wt% natural zeolite, however some malodour reoccurred after storage.
Rock type and dust influx control accretionary soil development on hillslopes in the Sandia Mountains, New Mexico, USA
Authors: Persico Lyman P. , McFadden Leslie D. , Frechette Jedidiah D. , Meyer Grant A. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractLower slopes of the Sandia Mountains are characterized by granitic corestone topography and weathering-limited slopes with thin grusy colluvium and weakly developed soils. In contrast, thick soils with illuvial clay and pedogenic carbonate have developed below aplite outcrops. Aplite is resistant to chemical decomposition, but physically weathers to blocky clasts that enhance surface roughness and erosional resistance of colluvium, promoting accumulation of eolian fines. Thick B horizons on aplite slopes indicate limited erosion and prolonged periods of stability and soil development. Accretion of eolian material limits runoff and prevents attainment of a steady-state balance between soil production and downslope transport.
Oscillatory motion of a viscoelastic fluid within a spherical cavity
Authors: Meskauskas Julia , Repetto Rodolfo , Siggers Jennifer H. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractWe study the motion of a viscoelastic fluid within a rigid spherical cavity with the aim of improving understanding of the motion of the vitreous humour in the human eye. The flow of vitreous humour leads to traction on the retina, which, once the retina is torn or damaged, can cause it to detach from the choroid, leading to loss of sight if left untreated. In the first part of the paper we investigate the relaxation behaviour of the fluid, the transient flow that would be observed in the stationary sphere starting from non-stationary initial conditions. For a general viscoelastic fluid we calculate the growth rates and eigenfunctions associated with the system, and we discuss two particular rheological models of the vitreous humour taken from the literature. In the second part of the paper we consider forced oscillations of the fluid, due to small-amplitude rotations of the sphere about a diameter, representing saccades of the eyeball. We conclude with a discussion of the possible occurrence of resonant phenomena and their clinical relevance.
From Selling Tea to Selling Japaneseness: Symbolic Power and the Nationalization of Cultural Practices
Authors: Surak Kristin 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThis article investigates how institutions of cultural production become invested in the national meanings of their products and employ these associations for their own reproduction and expansion. The case I take is of the tea ceremony in Japan, from its pre-modern origins, through its capture by the organizational form of theiemotosystem, and to its contemporary projection as a quintessence of Japaneseness. The ritual offers a particularly vivid illustration of the ways in which symbolic power can not only be periodized, first through its accumulation and then its routine exercise, but can also be successively articulated, at first with the state and then with the nation.
Interest-Seeking as Sense-Making: Ideas and Business Interests in the New Deal
Authors: Münnich Sascha 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThis article addresses the question of how ideas and interests can be linked in policy analysis. The juxtaposition of the two concepts is criticized from a sociological point of view. Instead, ideas are a substantial element of interest formation. Cognitive and normative worldviews shape the transformation of objective socio-economic positions into subjective, situational action orientations. Interests can be traced back to the interplay between structural positions, situational problems and their idea-based interpretation.It is then shown how these conceptual arguments can bring forward a prominent debate in welfare state analysis: the role of business in the emergence of the American welfare state in the New Deal. While struggling with the question whether the supportive role of some business leaders in theSocial Security Actof 1935 reveals substantial interest changes or strategical adaption, both sides of the debate suffer from an objectivist concept of interest. This one-sided concept of interest comes at the cost of leaving open the question of why business interests changed in the direction of unemployment insurance and not in the direction of other feasible institutional options such as price regulation or public works. These options would also have provided a solution to the problem American employers were facing. Analysis of social reform discourses between 1911 and 1935 shows that the partial reorientation of business people cannot be sufficiently explained without taking into account the growing legitimacy of liberal- corporatist ideas among employers in the 1920s.
Evidence of an increase in the incidence of odontogenic sinusitis over the last decade in the UK
Authors: Hoskison E , Daniel M , Rowson J E , Jones N S 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBackground:Dental disease is a recognised cause of sinusitis. We perceived an increased incidence of sinusitis secondary to dental disease in recent years. This study reviews the incidence of odontogenic sinusitis, its clinical features and treatment.Methods:Medical records of patients with odontogenic sinusitis were identified using the senior author's clinical database and Hospital Information Support System data (January 2004 to December 2009).Results:Twenty-six patients were identified, nine females and 17 males (age range, 17–73 years). Rhinorrhoea and cacosmia were the commonest symptoms (81 and 73 per cent, respectively), with presence of pus the commonest examination finding (73 per cent). Causative dental pathology included periapical infection (73 per cent), oroantral fistula (23 per cent) and a retained root (4 per cent). In all 26 cases, treatment resulted in complete resolution of symptoms; 21 (81 per cent) required sinus surgery. The number of patients with odontogenic sinusitis undergoing surgery has steadily increased, from no cases in 2004 to 10 in 2009 (accounting for 8 per cent of all patients requiring sinus surgery). Reduced access to dental care may be responsible.Conclusion:The incidence of odontogenic sinusitis appears to be increasing. The importance of assessing the oral cavity and dentition in patients with rhinosinusitis is therefore emphasised.
‘Phases and stages, circles and cycles’: Willie Nelson and the concept album
Authors: Stimeling Travis D. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractWhile many rock artists explored the compositional possibilities of the concept album in the 1960s and 1970s, Nashville's country music community largely ignored the format. But a few artists working on the fringes of country music – and who, notably, aligned themselves with the countercultural images and attitudes of the time – did begin to experiment with the format in the first years of the 1970s. Chief among them was country songwriter and recording artist Willie Nelson who, by the dawn of the 1970s, was on the verge of breaking away from Music Row to seek more lucrative opportunities in Texas. This article explores the role that Nelson's experimentation with the concept album played in his efforts to adopt a countercultural image, develop a younger audience and challenge the hegemony of the country music industry. Moreover, close examination of Nelson's compositional approach to three albums –Yesterday's Wine(1971),Phases and Stages(1974) andRed Headed Stranger(1975) – reveals that Nelson consciously blended the singles-based approach to songwriting that predominated in 1960s and 1970s Nashville and the extended narrative and musical forms of contemporaneous rock music to create musical products that suited the needs of country radio and rock fans alike.