bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vascular recovery promoted by atorvastatin and simvastatin after experimental intracerebral hemorrhage: magnetic resonance imaging and histological study
Authors: Yang Dongmei , Knight Robert A. , Han Yuxia , Karki Kishor , Zhang Jianfeng , Ding Christopher , Chopp Michael , Seyfried Donald M. 
Published: August 2010

Object
Longitudinal multiparametric MR imaging and histological studies were performed on simvastatin- or atorvastatin-treated rats to evaluate vascular repair mechanisms after experimental intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).

Methods
. Primary ICH was induced in adult Wistar rats by direct infusion of 100 μl of autologous blood into the striatal region adjacent to the subventricular zone. Atorvastatin (2 mg/kg), simvastatin (2 mg/kg), or phosphate-buffered saline was given orally at 24 hours post-ICH and continued daily for 7 days. The temporal evolution of ICH in each group was assessed by MR imaging measurements of T2, T1sat, and cerebral blood flow in brain areas corresponding to the bulk of the hemorrhage (core) and edematous border (rim). Rats were killed after the final MR imaging examination at 28 days, and histological studies were performed. A small group of sham-operated animals was also studied. Neurobehavioral testing was performed in all animals. Analysis of variance methods were used to compare results from the treatment and control groups, with significance inferred at p ≤ 0.05.

Results
. Using histological indices, animals treated with simvastatin and atorvastatin had significantly increased angiogenesis and synaptogenesis in the hematoma rim compared with the control group (p ≤ 0.05). The statin-treated animals exhibited significantly increased cerebral blood flow in the hematoma rim at 4 weeks, while blood-brain barrier permeability (T1sat) and edema (T2) in the corresponding regions were reduced. Both statin-treated groups showed significant neurological improvement from 2 weeks post-ICH onward.

Conclusions
The results of the present study demonstrate that simvastatin and atorvastatin significantly improve the recovery of rats from ICH, possibly via angiogenesis and synaptic plasticity. In addition, in vivo multiparametric MR imaging measurements over time can be effectively applied to the experimental ICH model for longitudinal assessment of the therapeutic intervention.
The use of diffusion tensor tractography to measure the distance between the anterior tip of the Meyer loop and the temporal pole in a cohort from Southern China
Authors: Wang Yi-Xiang J. , Zhu Xian-Lun , Deng Min , Siu Deyond Y. W. , Leung Jason C. S. , Chan Queenie , Chan Danny T. M. , Mak Calvin Hoi Kwan , Poon Wai S. 
Published: August 2010

Object
Anterior temporal lobe resection plus amygdalohippocampectomy can cause damage to the anterior portion of the optic radiation, also known as the Meyer loop, resulting in homonymous superior quadrantanopia. Magnetic resonance diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) of the Meyer loop can help in surgical planning. In this study, the distance of the anterior tip of the Meyer loop to the temporal lobe pole (ML-TP) in the Southern Chinese population was assessed.

Methods
The authors studied 16 Southern Chinese individuals (8 men and 8 women; mean age 45.6 years, range 21–60 years). Diffusion tensor images were obtained with a 3-T MR imaging system using a single-shot spin echo echo planar imaging sequence. Two trained operators, one neurosurgeon (Operator A) and one radiologist (Operator B), carried out the DTT analysis with software iPlan (BrainLAB) and FiberTrak (Philips).

Results
For the 32 temporal lobes, the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of the 2 operators' results using iPlan was 0.96, while that of Operator A using iPlan and Operator B using FiberTrak was 0.75. The ICC of Operator B using iPlan and FiberTrak was 0.81. The ML-TP distance of normal lobes (30 lobes [2 lobes that previously underwent surgery were excluded]) was 36.3 ± 5.5 mm (range 26.6–48.9 mm), 36.3 ± 5.3 mm (range 26.8–48.2 mm), and 35.9 ± 6.4 mm (range 20.8–48.4 mm) for Operator A using iPlan, Operator B using iPlan, and Operator B using FiberTrak, respectively (p > 0.05).

Conclusions
The 2 operators reached good agreement on ML-TP distance measurement using DTT. The DDT results can be more software dependent than operator dependent. The measurement with FiberTrak demonstrated larger range and standard deviation than measurement with iPlan.
A Characterization of Local LOINC Mapping for Laboratory Tests in Three Large Institutions
Authors: Lin M. C. , Vreeman D. J. , McDonald C. J. , Huff S. M. 
Published: August 2010

Summary
Objectives: We characterized the use of laboratory LOINC® codes in three large institutions, focused on the following questions: 1) How many local codes had been voluntarily mapped to LOINC codes by each institution? 2) Could additional mappings be found by expert manual review for any local codes that were not initially mapped to LOINC codes by the local institution? and 3) Are there any common characteristics of unmapped local codes that might explain why some local codes were not mapped to LOINC codes by the local institution?
Methods: With Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval, we obtained deidentified data from three large institutions. We calculated the percentage of local codes that have been mapped to LOINC by personnel at each of the institutions. We also analyzed a sample of un-mapped local codes to determine whether any additional LOINC mappings could be made and identify common characteristics that might explain why some local codes did not have mappings.
Results: Concept type coverage and concept token coverage (volume of instance data covered) of local codes mapped to LOINC codes were 0.44/0.59, 0.78/0.78 and 0.79/ -0.88 for ARUP, Intermountain, and Regenstrief, respectively. After additional expert manual mapping, the results showed mapping rates of 0.63/0.72, 0.83/0.80 and 0.88/0.90, respectively. After excluding local codes which were not useful for inter-institutional data exchange, the mapping rates became 0.73/0.79, 0.90/0.99 and 0.93/0.997, respectively.
Conclusions: Local codes for two institutions could be mapped to LOINC codes with 99% or better concept token coverage, but mapping for a third institution (a reference laboratory) only achieved 79% concept token coverage. Our research supports the conclusions of others that not all local codes should be assigned LOINC codes. There should also be public discussions to develop more precise rules for when LOINC codes should be assigned
Novel multi-responsive P2VP-block-PNIPAAm block copolymers via nitroxide-mediated radical polymerization
Authors: Corten Cathrin , Kretschmer Katja , Kuckling Dirk 
Published: August 2010

Linear soluble multi-responsive block copolymers are able to form so called schizophrenic micelles in aqueous solution. Here, such polymers are prepared via nitroxide-mediated radical polymerization (NMRP). In a first step nitroxide-terminated poly(2-vinylpyridine) (P2VP) was prepared with different molecular weights and narrow molecular weight distributions. The best reaction conditions, optimized by kinetic studies, were bulk polymerization at 110 °C. Using P2VP as a macroinitiator, the synthesis of new soluble linear block copolymers of P2VP and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) (P2VP-block-PNIPAAm) was possible. The nitroxide terminated polymers were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Thermal properties were investigated by the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Block copolymers showed pH- and temperature-responsive solubility in aqueous media. By increasing the P2VP content, the phase transition temperature shifted to lower temperatures (e.g. 26 °C for P2VP114-block-PNIPAAm180). Depending on the resulting block length, temperature and pH value of aqueous solution, the block copolymers form so called schizophrenic micelles. The hydrodynamic radius Rh of these micelles associated with pH values and temperature was analyzed by dynamic light scattering (DLS). Such kind of block copolymers has potential for many applications, such as controlled drug delivery systems.
Quarante ans de politique environnementale en France : évolutions, avancées, constante
Authors: Lacroix Valérie , Zaccai Edwin 
Published: August 2010

Cette contribution passe en revue la politique française de l’environnement sur quarante années, en la replaçant dans ses contextes historiques, tant international et européen, que politique et sociologique. Trois perspectives – enjeux, institutions, pollutions – servent de fil conducteur à une étude pluridisciplinaire articulant analyses politiques et données empiriques. L’article permet de suivre les modifications intervenues dans ces différents registres, et de mettre en évidence une série de constantes qui transcendent les périodes. Les rapports entre préoccupations environnementales, économiques et sectorielles apparaissent comme des facteurs décisifs.
La continuité de la gestion des forêts françaises de l'ancien régime à nos jours, ou comment l'Etat a-t-il pris en compte le long terme
Authors: Morin Georges-André 
Published: August 2010

Par nature, la gestion des forêts engage le long terme. Dès le XIV e siècle sont apparus deux principes spécifiques qui ont fondé les législations forestières françaises : la protection de l’affectation forestière par la règle de l’inaliénabilité du domaine forestier de la Couronne, et une planification raisonnée des coupes en vue d’un « rendement soutenu ». Ces principes ont traversé près de sept siècles dans des formulations très tôt stabilisées. L’extension des forêts françaises depuis le XIX e siècle traduit l’efficacité de leur mise en œuvre. Ce cadre juridique a été complété à la Libération par la création d’un Fonds forestier national, compte d’affectation spéciale du Trésor, supprimé depuis.
Du ministère de l'impossible au ministère d'Etat
Authors: Laville Bettina 
Published: August 2010

L’article offre une présentation historique de la création, sous forme de ministère, d’une administration en charge des questions d’environnement puis de développement durable en France à partir de 1971. Il s’attache particulièrement à montrer comment l’organisation administrative de cette structure a reflété le changement majeur de politique publique dans le domaine en question : d’une protection de l’environnement limitée à la sanctuarisation de certaines zones et à la lutte contre les pollutions majeures à une politique de développement durable qui cherche à faire intégrer les objectifs environnementaux dans l’exercice de la plupart des activités industrielles et même économiques en général.
Le Grenelle de l'environnement : une novation politique ?
Authors: Boy Daniel 
Published: August 2010

Cet article analyse comment la politique publique de l’environnement a connu à partir de 2007 une étape très importante, celle du « Grenelle de l’environnement ». L’auteur aborde tout d’abord en quoi le Grenelle a constitué une manière inédite, de définir la politique de l’environnement grâce à la mise en place de structures originales et ouvertes sans pour autant constituer des nouveautés radicales et en faisant remarquer que l’État gardait globalement la main mise sur le processus.
La gestion des aménités et le développement durable
Authors: Ribière Georges 
Published: August 2010

Les aménités constituent un ensemble de valeurs matérielles et immatérielles dont la gestion territoriale illustre la problématique du développement durable. Quoique prises en compte depuis longtemps dans les politiques nationales et locales, leur valorisation n’évite pas les conflits d’usage territorial. La comptabilité patrimoniale, les études d’impact, l’évaluation environnementale et le débat public permettent d’aider à rendre des arbitrages et de qualifier les mesures compensatoires. Toutefois, le débat reste ouvert sur les irréversibilités, la recherche de projets alternatifs et la « variante zéro ».
PLATELET-LEUKOCYTE INTERACTIONS : MULTIPLE LINKS BETWEEN INFLAMMATION , BLOOD COAGULATION AND VASCULAR RISK
Authors: Cerletti Chiara , De Gaetano Giovanni , Lorenzet Roberto 
Published: August 2010

The aim of this review is to summarize the contribution of platelets and leukocytes and their interactions in inflammation and blood coagulation and its possible relevance in the pathogenesis of thrombosis. There is some evidence of an association between infection/inflammation and thrombosis. This is likely a bidirectional relationship. The presence of a thrombus may serve as a nidus of infection. Vascular injury indeed promotes platelet and leukocyte activation and thrombus formation and the thrombus and its components facilitate adherence of bacteria to the vessel wall. Alternatively, an infection and the associated inflammation can trigger platelet and leukocyte activation and thrombus formation. In either case platelets and leukocytes co-localize and interact in the area of vascular injury, at sites of inflammation and/or at sites of thrombosis. Following vascular injury, the subendothelial tissue, a thrombogenic surface, becomes available for interaction with these blood cells. Tissue factor, found not only in media and adventitia of the vascular wall, but also on activated platelets and leukocytes, triggers blood coagulation. Vascular-blood cell interactions, mediated by the release of preformed components of the endothelium, is modulated by both cell adhesion and production of soluble stimulatory or inhibitory molecules that alter cell function: adhesion molecules regulate cell-cell contact and facilitate the modulation of biochemical pathways relevant to inflammatory and/or thrombotic processes.
SEPSIS-ASSOCIATED DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION AND THROMBOEMBOLIC DISEASE
Authors: Semeraro Nicola , Ammollo Concetta T. , Semeraro Fabrizio , Colucci Mario 
Published: August 2010

Sepsis is almost invariably associated with haemostatic abnormalities ranging from subclinical activation of blood coagulation (hypercoagulability), which may contribute to localized venous thromboembolism, to acute disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), characterized by massive thrombin formation and widespread microvascular thrombosis, partly responsible of the multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), and subsequent consumption of platelets and coagulation proteins causing, in most severe cases, bleeding manifestations. There is general agreement that the key event underlying this life-threatening sepsis complication is the overwhelming inflammatory host response to the infectious agent leading to the overexpression of inflammatory mediators. Mechanistically, the latter, together with the micro-organism and its derivatives, causes DIC by 1) up-regulation of procoagulant molecules, primarily tissue factor (TF), which is produced mainly by stimulated monocytes-macrophages and by specific cells in target tissues; 2) impairment of physiological anticoagulant pathways (antithrombin, protein C pathway, tissue factor pathway inhibitor), which is orchestrated mainly by dysfunctional endothelial cells (ECs); and 3) suppression of fibrinolysis due to increased plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) by ECs and likely also to thrombin-mediated activation of thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI). Notably, clotting enzymes non only lead to microvascular thrombosis but can also elicit cellular responses that amplify the inflammatory reactions. Inflammatory mediators can also cause, directly or indirectly, cell apoptosis or necrosis and recent evidence indicates that products released from dead cells, such as nuclear proteins (particularly extracellular histones), are able to propagate further inflammation, coagulation, cell death and MODS. These insights into the pathogenetic mechanisms of DIC and MODS may have important implications for the development of new therapeutic agents that could be potentially useful particularly for the management of severe sepsis.
Admissible Model Matching using 𝒟R‐regions: Fault accommodation and robustness against FDD inaccuracies
Authors: Tornil‐Sin S. , Theilliol D. , Ponsart J. C. , Puig V. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThis paper proposes a reformulation of the Admissible Model Matching (AMM) method for Fault‐Tolerant Control (FTC) using Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI) regional pole placement. The essential feature of the AMM approach is that the FTC design is based on the specification of a set of admissible closed‐loop behaviors whose limits represent the acceptable control performance degradation in the presence of faults. In the original formulation, this set is characterized by inequalities relating the coefficients of the closed‐loop system matrix, derived ‘ad hoc’ for the particular system and the provided control specification, and the FTC design problem is formulated as a non‐linear constrained optimization problem. In this paper, the set of admissible behaviors is specified by restricting the closed‐loop spectrum in a union of particular convex regions called 𝒟R‐regions. On one hand, this allows a straightforward representation for a wide variety of practical control specifications while preserving the convexity of the problem. On the other hand, 𝒟R‐regions are characterized by LMIs and the fault accommodation can be formulated in terms of several LMI (feasibility) problems. Moreover, the robustness of the solutions against errors in the fault estimations provided by the Fault Detection and Diagnosis module is characterized as well as a LMI‐constrained optimization problem. The versatility and the effectiveness of the proposed method are illustrated using an example. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reproductive characteristics of wild female Phayre's leaf monkeys
Authors: Lu Amy , Borries Carola , Czekala Nancy M. , Beehner Jacinta C. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractUnderstanding female reproductive characteristics is important for assessing fertility, interpreting female behavior, and designing appropriate conservation and captive management plans. In primate species lacking morphological signs of receptivity, such as most colobines, determination of reproductive parameters depends on the analysis of reproductive hormones. Here, we use fecal hormone analysis to characterize cycle patterns (N=6 females) and gestation length (N=7 females) in a group of wild Phayre's leaf monkeys (Trachypithecus phayrei crepusculus) in Phu Khieo Wildlife Sanctuary, Thailand. We found that both fecal estrogen (fE) and progestin (fP) levels showed clear biological patterns indicative of ovulation and conception. However, because fP patterns were inadequate in determining the end of the luteal phase, we used fE rather than fP patterns to delineate menstrual cycle parameters. We found a mean cycle length of 28.4 days (N=10), with follicular and luteal phases of 15.4 (N=10) and 12.5 days (N=14), respectively. On average, females underwent 3.57 (N=7) cycles until conception. Average gestation length was 205.3 days (N=7), with fE levels increasing over the course of pregnancy. Overall, the reproductive characteristics found for Phayre's leaf monkeys were consistent with results for other colobine species, suggesting that fecal hormone monitoring, particularly for fE metabolites, can provide useful reproductive information for this species. Am. J. Primatol. 72:1073–1081, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Primates in 21st century ecosystems: does primate conservation promote ecosystem conservation?
Authors: Norconk Marilyn A. , Boinski Sue , Forget Pierre‐Michel 
Published: August 2010

AbstractContributors to this issue of the American Journal of Primatology were among the participants in an invited symposium at the 2008 Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation meeting in Paramaribo, Suriname. They were asked to assess how essential primates are to tropical ecosystems and, given their research interests, discuss how primate research contributes to the broader understanding about how ecosystems function. This introduction to the issue is divided into three parts: a review of the roles that nonhuman primates play in tropical ecosystems; the implementation of large‐scale landscape methods used to identify primate densities; and concerns about the increasingly porous boundaries between humans, nonhuman primates, and pathogens. Although 20th century primate research created a rich database on individual species, including both theoretical and descriptive approaches, the dual effects of high human population densities and widespread habitat destruction should warn us that creative, interdisciplinary and human‐related research is needed to solve 21st century problems. Am. J. Primatol. 73:3–8, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Activity‐based high‐throughput determination of PTPs substrate specificity using a phosphopeptide microarray
Authors: Gao Liqian , Sun Hongyan , Yao Shao Q. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractProtein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) constitute a large family of enzymes that play key roles in cell signaling. Malfunctions of PTP activity have been linked to major human diseases including cancer. One key aspect in PTP biology is the elucidation of roles of PTPs, as well as substrates they act on, in different cellular events. Herein, a library of 144 putative peptide substrates against different PTPs was synthesized and immobilized onto a glass slide to generate the corresponding phosphopeptide microarray. Subsequent screening of the microarray against various PTPs provided a distinctive and comparative substrate fingerprint against each PTP. Several new substrates were identified, which might aid in the future design of potent and selective PTPs inhibitors. The signal‐decrease microarray assay used in our studies provided a facile and efficient way for high‐throughput determination of kinetic constants for peptide/PTP interactions en masse. Finally, our microarray results were independently verified by traditional microplate‐based enzymatic assays. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 94: 810–819, 2010.This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com
Epidemiology and prognosis of ovarian metastases in colorectal cancer
Authors: Segelman J , Flöter-Rådestad A , Hellborg H , Sjövall A , Martling A 
Published: August 2010

Abstract

Background
National guidelines for prophylactic oophorectomy in women with colorectal cancer are lacking. The aim of this population-based cohort study was to report on the prevalence, incidence and prognosis of ovarian metastases from colorectal cancer, providing information relevant to the discussion of prophylactic oophorectomy.

Methods
All 4566 women with colorectal cancer in Stockholm County during 1995–2006 were included and followed until 2008. Prospectively collected data regarding clinical characteristics, treatment and outcome were obtained from the Regional Quality Registry.

Results
The prevalence of ovarian metastases at the time of diagnosis of colorectal cancer was 1·1 per cent (34 of 3172) among women with colonic cancer and 0·6 per cent (8 of 1394) among those with rectal cancer (P = 0·105). After radical resection of stage I–III colorectal cancer, metachronous ovarian metastases were found during follow-up in 1·1 per cent (22 of 1971) with colonic cancer and 0·1 per cent (1 of 881) with rectal cancer (P = 0·006). Survival in patients with ovarian metastases was poor.

Conclusion
Ovarian metastases from colorectal cancer are uncommon.