bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Middle Miocene Chiapas fold and thrust belt of Mexico: a result of collision of the Tehuantepec Transform/Ridge with the Middle America Trench
Authors: Mandujano-Velazquez J. J. , Keppie J. Duncan 
Published: December 2009

Abstract

The Middle Miocene, thin-skinned, Chiapas fold-and-thrust belt (Gulf of Mexico–southeastern Mexico–Belize) consists of WNW-trending folds and thrusts, and East–West sinistral transcurrent faults resulting from N60°E shortening. Balanced cross-sections indicate that shortening varies from 48% (SW) to
c
. 8% (NE) with a total shortening of 106 km, and that thrusts merge into a basal décollement in the Callovian salt horizon. The Middle Miocene age of the deformation is synchronous with collision of the Tehuantepec Transform/Ridge with the Middle America Trench off Chiapas. The presently exposed Tehuantepec Transform/Ridge varies from a transform fault across which the age of the oceanic crust changes producing a step (down to the east) to a ridge resulting from compression following a change in plate motion and a series of seamounts. On the other hand, the earthquake data show that the part of the Tehuantepec Transform/Ridge subducted during the past 5 Ma is a step with no accompanying ridge. Whereas collision of a ridge segment with the trench is inferred to be responsible for the 13–11 Ma deformation in the upper plate, its termination at 11 Ma suggests an along-strike transition to a step. Collision of the Tehuantepec Transform/Ridge also appears to have terminated arc magmatism along the Pacific coast of Chiapas. The similarity between the petroleum-producing, Cantarell structure in the Sonda de Campeche and the buried foldbelt in the Sierra de Chiapas suggests there is considerable further hydrocarbon potential.
Small-Molecule Inhibitors of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Akt Signaling Inhibit Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway Cross-Talk and Suppress Medulloblastoma Growth
Authors: Baryawno Ninib , Sveinbjörnsson Baldur , Eksborg Staffan , Chen Ching-Shih , Kogner Per , Johnsen John Inge 
Published: December 2009

Abstract
Activation of the β-catenin and receptor kinase pathways occurs often in medulloblastoma, the most common pediatric malignant brain tumor. In this study, we show that molecular cross-talk between the β-catenin and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathways is crucial to sustain medulloblastoma pathophysiology. Constitutive activation of phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 (PDK1), Akt, and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) was detected by immunohistochemistry in all primary medulloblastomas examined (n = 41). Small-molecule inhibitors targeting the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway affected β-catenin signaling by inhibition of GSK-3β activity, resulting in cytoplasmic retention of β-catenin and reduced expression of its target genes cyclin D1 and c-Myc. The PDK1 inhibitor OSU03012 induced mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis of medulloblastoma cells and enhanced the cytotoxic effects of chemotherapeutic drugs in a synergistic or additive manner. In vivo, OSU03012 inhibited the growth of established medulloblastoma xenograft tumors in a dose-dependent manner and augmented the antitumor effects of mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor CCI-779. These findings demonstrate the importance of cross-talk between the PI3K/Akt and β-catenin pathways in medulloblastoma and rationalize the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway as a therapeutic target in treatment of this disease. Cancer Res; 70(1); 266–76
Definition of microRNAs That Repress Expression of the Tumor Suppressor Gene FOXO1 in Endometrial Cancer
Authors: Myatt Stephen S. , Wang Jun , Monteiro Lara J. , Christian Mark , Ho Ka-Kei , Fusi Luca , Dina Roberto E. , Brosens Jan J. , Ghaem-Maghami Sadaf , Lam Eric W-F. 
Published: December 2009

Abstract
Endometrial cancer is the most common malignancy of the lower female reproductive tract. The tumor suppressor FOXO1 is downregulated in endometrial cancer compared with normal endometrium but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Using microRNA (miR) target prediction algorithms, we identified several miRs that potentially bind the 3′-untranslated region of FOXO1 transcripts. Expression profiling of normal and malignant endometrial samples by quantitative real-time PCR and Northern blot analysis revealed an inverse correlation between the levels of FOXO1 protein and the abundance of several of the in silico–predicted miRs, suggesting that loss of FOXO1 expression in endometrial cancer may be mediated by miRs. To determine the role of candidate miRs, we used the endometrial cancer cell lines HEC-1B and Ishikawa, which express FOXO1 at high and low levels, respectively. Expression of miR-9, miR-27, miR-96, miR-153, miR-182, miR-183, or miR-186, but not miR-29a, miR-128, miR-152, or miR-486 mimetics in HEC-1B cells was sufficient to significantly reduce the abundance of FOXO1. Conversely, FOXO1 expression was efficiently restored in the Ishikawa cell line upon simultaneous inhibition of miR-9, miR-27, miR-96, miR-153, miR-183, and miR-186. Moreover, induction of FOXO1 in Ishikawa cells by miR inhibitors was accompanied by G1 cell cycle arrest and cell death, and was attenuated by the small interfering RNA–mediated downregulation of FOXO1 expression. Our findings identify several miRs overexpressed in endometrial cancer that function in concert to repress FOXO1 expression. Further, aberrant miR expression results in deregulated cell cycle control and impaired apoptotic responses, and thus, may be central to endometrial tumorigenesis. Cancer Res; 70(1); 367–77
c-Jun-NH2-kinase-1 Inhibition Leads to Antitumor Activity in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Vivas-Mejia Pablo , Benito Juliana Maria , Fernandez Ariel , Han Hee-Dong , Mangala Lingegowda , Rodriguez-Aguayo Cristian , Chavez-Reyes Arturo , Lin Yvonne G. , Carey Mark S. , Nick Alpa M. , Stone Rebecca L. , Kim Hye Sun , Claret Francois-Xavier , Bornmann William , Hennessy Bryan T.J. , Sanguino Angela , Peng Zhengong , Sood Anil K. , Lopez-Berestein Gabriel 
Published: December 2009

Abstract
Purpose: To show the functional, clinical, and biological significance of c-Jun-NH2-kinase (JNK)-1 in ovarian carcinoma.
Experimental Design: Analysis of the impact of JNK on 116 epithelial ovarian cancers was conducted. The role of JNK in vitro and in experimental models of ovarian cancer was assessed. We studied the role of N-5-[4-(4-methyl piperazine methyl)-benzoylamido]-2-methylphenyl-4-[3-(4-methyl)-pyridyl]-2-pyrimidine amine (WBZ_4), a novel JNK inhibitor redesigned from imatinib based on targeting wrapping defects, in cell lines and in experimental models of ovarian cancer.
Results: We found a significant association of pJNK with progression-free survival in the 116 epithelial ovarian cancers obtained at primary debulking therapy. WBZ_4 led to cell growth inhibition and increased apoptosis in a dose-dependent fashion in four ovarian cancer cell lines. In vivo, whereas imatinib had no effect on tumor growth, WBZ_4 inhibited tumor growth in orthotopic murine models of ovarian cancer. The antitumor effect was further increased in combination with docetaxel. Silencing of JNK-1 with systemically administered siRNA led to significantly reduced tumor weights compared with nonsilencing siRNA controls, indicating that indeed the antitumor effects observed were due to JNK-1 inhibition.
Conclusions: These studies identify JNK-1 as an attractive therapeutic target in ovarian carcinoma and that the redesigned WBZ_4 compound should be considered for further clinical development. Clin Cancer Res; 16(1); 184–94
Somatic EGFR Mutation and Gene Copy Gain as Predictive Biomarkers for Response to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Dahabreh Issa J. , Linardou Helena , Siannis Fotios , Kosmidis Paris , Bafaloukos Dimitrios , Murray Samuel 
Published: December 2009

Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to characterize common EGFR molecular aberrations as potential predictive biomarkers for response to monotherapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Experimental Design: We systematically identified articles investigating EGFR status [somatic mutational and gene copy aberrations (copy number)] in patients with NSCLC treated with TKIs. Eligible studies had to report complete and partial response rates stratified by EGFR status. We used random effects models for bivariable meta-analysis of sensitivity and specificity; positive and negative likelihood ratios (+LR and −LR, respectively) were also calculated and were considered as secondary end points.
Results: Among 222 retrieved articles, 59 were considered eligible for the somatic EGFR mutation meta-analysis (1,020 mutations among 3,101 patients) and 21 were considered eligible for the EGFR gene copy number meta-analysis (542 gene gain among 1,539 patients). EGFR mutations were predictive of response to single-agent TKIs [sensitivity, 0.78; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.74-0.82; specificity, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.82-0.89; +LR, 5.6; −LR, 0.25]. EGFR gene gain was also associated with response to TKIs, albeit with lower sensitivity and specificity. In subgroup analysis, the only recognized trend was for a higher predictive value in Whites compared with East Asians for both mutation and gene copy number.
Conclusion: This analysis provides empirical evidence that EGFR mutations are sensitive and specific predictors of response to single-agent epidermal growth factor receptor TKIs in advanced NSCLC. The diagnostic performance of mutations seems better than that of EGFR gene gain. Clin Cancer Res; 16(1); 291–303
No Miniatures, not even Decoration, yet Extraordinarily Fascinating New Hypotheses Concerning the Lancelot Compilation and Related Manuscripts
Authors: Biemans Jos 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThis essay sheds new light on the controversial fourteenth-century poet and compiler Lodewijk van Velthem. Specifically, the article considers the possible relationships between The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, MS 129 A 10, the manuscript containing the famous Lancelot Compilation, and Leiden, University Library, MS BPL 14 E, the only extant manuscript with Velthem's entire Fifth Part of the Spiegel historiael. A note written at the end of the manuscript in The Hague naming Velthem has been interpreted in different ways, either as a note of the manuscript's ownership, or as the attribution of the compilation to Velthem. Other scholars have considered Velthem the 'corrector' of the manuscript. The relatively low quality of these two manuscripts, as well as the types of annotations made in the margins of MS 129 A 10, however, can be explained when we consider both books as the poet's working copies, as manuscripts which formed part of Velthem's own literary archive.
A Modest Manuscript Within an Impressive Oeuvre: The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, MS 135 J 9, and the Master of the Guise Hours
Authors: Clark Gregory 
Published: December 2009

AbstractMS 135 J 9, a French manuscript in the Koninklijke Bibliotheek [Royal Library] in The Hague, Netherlands, is placed in the framework of the career and oeuvre of the Master of the Guise Hours.
The Bout Psalter-Hours, Dated 1453
Authors: Marrow James 
Published: December 2009

AbstractJust before Anne Korteweg retired, she purchased for the Koninklijke Bibliotheek one final spectacular illuminated manuscript, known as the Bout Psalter-Hours, a manuscript containing miniatures made by several artists who worked in several different Northern Netherlandish cities. For his contribution, James H. Marrow analyzes this manuscript, which is a capstone of Dr Korteweg's career.
Some Observations on Clement of Alexandria, Stromata, Book Five
Authors: Havrda Matyáš 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe article is a collection of comments to various passages of Clement of Alexandria’s Stromata V (1,1-2; 2,5-6; 3,2; 6,3; 8,6; 18,3; 23,2-24,2; 38,5; 71,2-3; 83,5; 90,2; 98,4; 133,7; 141,3). Its aim is to complement earlier research by re-examining the syntactic structure or the meaning of terms, by adducing new parallels or by proposing fresh explanations of difficult segments of the text.
Phases of Black Theology in South Africa: A Historical Review
Authors: Motlhabi Mokgethi 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThis essay examines the development of Black Theology in South Africa. It structures this overview of the development into two related parts and according to five evolutionary phases. After a brief general introduction, the first part discusses each of the five phases in some detail and briefly describes the kinds of groups and individuals who were involved in each phase. It is argued that these phases do not represent a smooth transition from one to the other, but that at least two extended lulls were experienced during this development. So far there has been no recovery from the latest lull, which is attributed mainly to the need for a new paradigm. In the second part the relationships that Black Theology in South Africa had with other theologies, such as American Black Theology and African Theology are discussed.
The Interplay between the Christian Sacralization of Human Authority and Political Repression in Zimbabwe
Authors:   Senokoane, Banda Collium 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe reigning scandal in Zimbabwe is the simultaneous growth of Christianity and political repression, begging one to wonder why increased Christian presence has not resulted in social and political transformation. The answer can be found in the Christian sacralization of human authority and the uncritical interpretation of Romans 13:1–5 common in some leading churches. The resulting uncritical submission to repressive authority of the "anointed men of God" and the fear of holding them accountable for their questionable leadership has incapacitated Christians to challenge and address this growing political repression. Furthermore, the Christian leaders who have sacralized their authority have been in the forefront of the legitimization of President Robert Mugabe's repressive rule. Robert Mugabe has been presented as the anointed leader of Zimbabwe who should be submitted to at all costs. To promote democracy and good governance, the church must shift her paradigm to be inclusive of the full counsel of Scripture. By desacralizing human authority the church will empower the Christian community to hold church and political leaders accountable for their abuse of power. This is necessary if the African Renaissance's quest for African human legitimacy is to be realised.
Simulation and Dissimulation: Religious Hybridity in a Morisco Fatwa
Authors: del Mar Rosa-Rodriguez Maria 
Published: December 2009

AbstractCatholic religiosity became the central premise for law and order in sixteenth century Spain. Consequently, many Muslims left the Peninsula, and those that remained were forced to choose between renouncing Islam and becoming martyrs. In 1504, the Mufti of Oran wrote a fatwa to the Moriscos in Spain allowing them to simulate a Catholic religiosity while dissimulating an Islamic religiosity. He declared that even without formally practicing Islam, they were true Muslims as long as the “intention of their hearts” was pure. Mediated by simulation and dissimulation, gestures of guilt ensued as many subjects undermined dominant ideologies in order to preserve their traditions. This essay reads these movements between Christianity and Islam as signs of hybrid religiosity, theorizing that, contrary to what the Church-State prescribed then and what cultural and political historians have concluded thereafter, the notion of religiosity in Spain transcended institutionalized dogma. The Appendix at the end of this study includes an unedited version of this fatwa, transcribed, translated, and with paleographical commentary. I owe a debt of gratitude to Professor Devin J. Stewart, who inspired me to seek out this lost version of the fatwa of the Mufti of Oran.
One Symptom of Originality: Race and the Management of Labour in the History of the United States
Authors: Roediger David , Esch Elizabeth 
Published: December 2009

AbstractIn the labour-history of the US, the systematised management of workers is widely understood as emerging in the decades after the Civil War, as industrial production and technological innovation changed the pace, nature and organisation of work. Though modern management is seen as predating the contributions of Frederick Taylor, the technique of so-called 'scientific management' is emphasised as the particularly crucial managerial innovation to emerge from the US, prefiguring and setting the stage for Fordism. This article argues that the management of labour in the US has roots in the particularities of a society which racialised its labour-systems – slave and free – and thus made 'racial knowledge' central to managerial knowledge. Rather than transcending the limits of racial knowledge, the authors argue that scientific management relied on experts to know and develop 'the races' not only for the purpose of accumulating capital but also for the organisation of modern production through the first decades of the twentieth century. Such 'knowledge' became central to the export of managerial and engineering knowledge from the US to the world.
Historical Temporalities of Capital: An Anti-Historicist Perspective
Authors: Tomba Massimiliano 
Published: December 2009

AbstractMarx's rethinking of the combination between absolute surplus-value and relative surplus-value during the 1860s is very important in order to reconsider the co-presence of different forms of historical temporality and exploitation. Postmodernism presents a picture of a plurality of historical times in which the old lies beside the modern and the sweatshop beside the high-tech factory. Because it fails to provide an explanation of the relation between these forms, postmodernism produces a false image of an 'ahistorical' present. In this article I want to show how the combination of differentials of surplus-value works and why a representation of a plurality of historical temporalities synchronised by the temporality of socially-necessary labour is the most adequate image to comprehend it. The theoretical task is to show how the mature categorial structure of Capital not only does not need an historicist philosophy of history, but is in fact incompatible with it.
A Major Stratospheric Sudden Warming Event in January 2009
Authors: Harada Yayoi , Goto Atsushi , Hasegawa Hiroshi , Fujikawa Norihisa , Naoe Hiroaki , Hirooka Toshihiko 
Published: December 2009

Abstract
The major stratospheric sudden warming (SSW) event of January 2009 is analyzed using the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) Climate Data Assimilation System (JCDAS). This SSW event is characterized by the extraordinary predominance of the planetary-scale wave of zonal wavenumber 2 (wave 2). The total amount of the upward Eliassen–Palm (EP) flux for wave 2 was the strongest since the winter of 1978/79.
It is found that the remarkable development of the upper troposphere ridge over Alaska played important roles in the SSW in January 2009. During the first development stage, the ridge excited wave packets upward as well as eastward over around Alaska. The eastward-propagating packets intensified a trough over eastern Siberia, which led to the development of the planetary wave over eastern Siberia during the second development stage. The results of this study indicate that the pronounced wave-2 pattern observed in the stratosphere was brought about by accumulative effects of rather localized propagation of wave packets from the troposphere during the course of this SSW event rather than by the ubiquitous propagation of planetary-scale disturbances in the troposphere.
The features of the SSW in January 2009 are quite similar to those during the major stratospheric warming event in February 1989: both SSWs are characterized by the predominance of wave 2, the remarkable development of the upper troposphere ridge over around Alaska, and positive SSTs in the eastern part of the North Pacific corresponding to a La Niña condition.
Changes in the Timing of Snowmelt and Streamflow in Colorado: A Response to Recent Warming
Authors: Clow David W. 
Published: December 2009

Abstract
Trends in the timing of snowmelt and associated runoff in Colorado were evaluated for the 1978–2007 water years using the regional Kendall test (RKT) on daily snow-water equivalent (SWE) data from snowpack telemetry (SNOTEL) sites and daily streamflow data from headwater streams. The RKT is a robust, nonparametric test that provides an increased power of trend detection by grouping data from multiple sites within a given geographic region. The RKT analyses indicated strong, pervasive trends in snowmelt and streamflow timing, which have shifted toward earlier in the year by a median of 2–3 weeks over the 29-yr study period. In contrast, relatively few statistically significant trends were detected using simple linear regression. RKT analyses also indicated that November–May air temperatures increased by a median of 0.9°C decade−1, while 1 April SWE and maximum SWE declined by a median of 4.1 and 3.6 cm decade−1, respectively. Multiple linear regression models were created, using monthly air temperatures, snowfall, latitude, and elevation as explanatory variables to identify major controlling factors on snowmelt timing. The models accounted for 45% of the variance in snowmelt onset, and 78% of the variance in the snowmelt center of mass (when half the snowpack had melted). Variations in springtime air temperature and SWE explained most of the interannual variability in snowmelt timing. Regression coefficients for air temperature were negative, indicating that warm temperatures promote early melt. Regression coefficients for SWE, latitude, and elevation were positive, indicating that abundant snowfall tends to delay snowmelt, and snowmelt tends to occur later at northern latitudes and high elevations. Results from this study indicate that even the mountains of Colorado, with their high elevations and cold snowpacks, are experiencing substantial shifts in the timing of snowmelt and snowmelt runoff toward earlier in the year.
Long-Term Sea Surface Temperature Variability along the U.S. East Coast
Authors: Shearman R. Kipp , Lentz Steven J. 
Published: December 2009

Abstract
Sea surface temperature variations along the entire U.S. East Coast from 1875 to 2007 are characterized using a collection of historical observations from lighthouses and lightships combined with recent buoy and shore-based measurements. Long-term coastal temperature trends are warming in the Gulf of Maine [1.0° ± 0.3°C (100 yr)−1] and Middle Atlantic Bight [0.7° ± 0.3°C (100 yr)−1], whereas trends are weakly cooling or not significant in the South Atlantic Bight [−0.1° ± 0.3°C (100 yr)−1] and off Florida [−0.3° ± 0.2°C (100 yr)−1]. Over the last century, temperatures along the northeastern U.S. coast have warmed at a rate 1.8–2.5 times the regional atmospheric temperature trend but are comparable to warming rates for the Arctic and Labrador, the source of coastal ocean waters north of Cape Hatteras (36°N). South of Cape Hatteras, coastal ocean temperature trends match the regional atmospheric temperature trend. The observations and a simple model show that along-shelf transport, associated with the mean coastal current system running from Labrador to Cape Hatteras, is the mechanism controlling long-term temperature changes for this region and not the local air–sea exchange of heat.