bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Induction of fracture repair by mesenchymal cells derived from human embryonic stem cells or bone marrow
Authors: Undale Anita , Fraser Daniel , Hefferan Theresa , Kopher Ross A. , Herrick James , Evans Glenda L. , Li Xiaodong , Kakar Sanjeev , Hayes Meredith , Atkinson Elizabeth , Yaszemski Michael J. , Kaufman Dan S. , Westendorf Jennifer J. , Khosla Sundeep 
Published: June 2011

AbstractDevelopment of novel therapeutic approaches to repair fracture non‐unions remains a critical clinical necessity. We evaluated the capacity of human embryonic stem cell (hESC)‐derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) to induce healing in a fracture non‐union model in rats. In addition, we placed these findings in the context of parallel studies using human bone marrow MSCs (hBM‐MSCs) or a no cell control group (n = 10–12 per group). Preliminary studies demonstrated that both for hESC‐derived MSCs and hBM‐MSCs, optimal induction of fracture healing required in vitro osteogenic differentiation of these cells. Based on biomechanical testing of fractured femurs, maximum torque, and stiffness were significantly greater in the hBM‐MSC as compared to the control group that received no cells; values for these parameters in the hESC‐derived MSC group were intermediate between the hBM‐MSC and control groups, and not significantly different from the control group. However, some evidence of fracture healing was evident by X‐ray in the hESC‐derived MSC group. Our results thus indicate that while hESC‐derived MSCs may have potential to induce fracture healing in non‐unions, hBM‐MSCs function more efficiently in this process. Additional studies are needed to further modify hESCs to achieve optimal fracture healing by these cells. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29:1804–1811, 2011
Moisture‐induced caking of beverage powders
Authors: Chávez Montes Edgar , Ardila Santamaría Nadia , Gumy Jean‐Claude , Marchal Philippe 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND: Beverage powders can exhibit caking during storage due to high temperature and moisture conditions, leading to consumer dissatisfaction. Caking problems can be aggravated by the presence of sensitive ingredients. The caking behaviour of cocoa beverage powders, with varying amounts of a carbohydrate sensitive ingredient, as affected by climate conditions was studied in this work. Sorption isotherms of beverage powders were determined at water activities (aw) ranging from 0.1 to 0.6 in a moisture sorption analyser by gravimetry and fitted to the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) or the Guggenheim–Anderson–de Boer (GAB) equation. Glass transition temperatures (Tg) at several aw were analysed by differential scanning calorimetry and fitted to the Gordon–Taylor equation. Deduced Tg = f(aw) functions helped to identify stability or caking zones. Specific experimental methods, based on the analysis of mechanical properties of powder cakes formed under compression, were used to quantify the degree of caking. Pantry tests complemented this study to put in evidence the visual perception of powder caking with increasing aw.RESULTS: The glass transition approach was useful to predict the risks of caking but was limited to products where Tg can be measured. On the other hand, quantification of the caking degree by analysis of mechanical properties allowed estimation of the extent of degradation for each product.CONCLUSION: This work demonstrated that increasing amounts of a carbohydrate sensitive ingredient in cocoa beverages negatively affected their storage stability. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Intraoperative mapping with isosulfan blue of lymphatic leakage during inguinal lymph node dissection (ILND) for skin cancer for the prevention of postoperative lymphocele
Authors: Nakamura Yasuhiro , Fujisawa Yasuhiro , Maruyama Hiroshi , Furuta Junichi , Kawachi Yasuhiro , Otsuka Fujio 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackgroundInguinal lymphocele is a well‐known complication of inguinal lymph node dissection. Isosulfan blue has been used to identify and treat lymphoceles arising from lymphatics injured during surgery of the groin. However, the preventive use at the time of lymph node dissection has not been reported.ObjectivesWe evaluated the potential role of intraoperative injection of isosulfan blue during inguinal lymph node dissection for the prevention of postoperative lymphocele.MethodsWe performed 43 conventional inguinal lymph node dissections (group A) and 7 inguinal lymph node dissections using isosulfan blue injection around the dissected inguinal region (group B) to identify lymphatic leakage intraoperatively.ResultsLymphoceles were observed in 13 of 43 dissections (30.23%) in group A and in 0 of 7 dissections (0%) in group B. The number of detected injured lymphatics ranged from 0 to 6 (mean 3.3) in group B. The mean postoperative lymphatic drainage output was less in group B than in group A. The mean number of days of suction catheter insertion was 4.43 days in group B, and 7.98 days in group A.ConclusionsThe technique during inguinal lymph node dissection presented herein is useful for the prevention of postoperative lymphocele. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011; 104:657–660. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Heat shock protein‐60 expression was significantly correlated with the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Xu Xin , Wang Wei , Shao Wenlong , Yin Weiqiang , Chen Hanzhang , Qiu Yuan , Mo Mingcong , Zhao Jin , Deng Qiuhua , He Jianxing 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to investigate the role of heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) in the clinical pathology of lung adenocarcinoma, and to explore whether the expression of HSP60 can act as an independent predictor for tumor relapse and prognosis after radical resection of lung adenocarcinoma.MethodsParaffin sections of lung adenocarcinoma tumor tissues were collected from 103 patients. Using immunohistochemistry, the expression levels of HSP60 in lung adenocarcinoma were detected. The correlations between HSP60 expression and clinicopathological parameters as well as prognosis were statistically analyzed.ResultsOf the 103 specimens, 70 cases (68.0%) showed a strongly positive expression of HSP60, five cases (4.8%) showed a negative expression, and 28 cases (27.2%) showed a weakly positive expression. The level of HSP60 expression was significantly correlated with TNM stage of the tumor (P = 0.015), and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status(P = 0.027). Multivariate statistical analysis showed that patient age, pathological T stage, N stage, and HSP60 expression were independent prognostic influence on disease‐free survival (P = 0.008, 0.011, 0.010, and <0.001, respectively).ConclusionsHSP60 may be a good biomarker to be applied in clinic to predict the prognosis of patients with lung adenocarcinoma J. Surg. Oncol. 2011; 104:598–603. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Fast and selective extraction of chloramphenicol from soil by matrix solid‐phase dispersion using molecularly imprinted polymer as dispersant
Authors: Wang Ting , Tong Jia , Sun Mingli , Chen Ligang 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was synthesized and used as dispersant of matrix solid‐phase dispersion (MSPD) for the extraction of chloramphenicol (CAP) in soil samples. The satisfactory recovery of CAP was obtained by the optimized extraction conditions: 1:2 as the ratio of sample to MIPs; 5 min as the dispersion time; 30% aqueous methanol as washing solvent and methanol as elution solvent. The CAP extracted from soil was determined by LC‐MS/MS. The slight ion suppression phenomenon was observed for the CAP when the sample was cleaned up by MSPD with MIP as dispersant, when compared with C18 as MSPD dispersant, which caused significant ion suppression. LOD of CAP is 4.1 ng/g. RSDs of intra‐ and inter‐day tests ranging from 3.1 to 6.2% and from 3.9 to 8.3% are obtained. At all three fortified levels (20, 100 and 500 ng/g), recoveries of CAP are in the range of 86.9–92.6%. The effect of ageing time of spiked soil sample on the CAP recovery was examined. The CAP recovery decreased from 91.0 to 36.9% when the ageing time changed from 1 day to 4 wk.
Capillary columns for reversed‐phase CEC prepared via surface functionalization of polymer monolith with aromatic selectors
Authors: Guerrouache Mohamed , Millot Marie Claude , Carbonnier Benjamin 
Published: June 2011

AbstractMacroporous crosslinked organic polymers based on N‐acryloxysuccinimide (NAS) and ethylene dimethacrylate (EDMA) were prepared in the confines of 75 μm id fused‐silica capillaries by photoinitiated free radical copolymerization in the presence of 2‐2′‐azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator and toluene as porogen. Monoliths with good mechanical strength, large porosity as well as surface reactive sites (succinimide leaving groups) could be obtained. Nucleophilic aromatic derivatives, namely benzylamine, phenylbutylamine and naphthylamine were grafted on the monolith surface to introduce π‐conjugated ligands to develop particular selectivity. Successful achievement of the post‐copolymerization functionalization was ascertained on the basis of in situ chemical characterization by means of Raman spectroscopy. Electrochromatographic properties of π‐functionalized poly(NAS‐co‐EDMA) regarding alkylbenzenes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, anilines and phenols were evaluated in terms of retention, selectivity and resolution. The as‐designed monolithic columns exhibited π–π interaction in addition to hydrophobic interaction due to the aromatic and non‐polar nature of the surface‐grafted aromatic selectors. One of the major results of this study is that monolithic columns with mixed selectivity providing high potentiality for the separation of solutes with varied chemical structure variation can be obtained by the surface grafting of the appropriate selector. Herein, an example is given for the phenylbutylamine functionalized poly(NAS‐co‐EDMA) where the butyl and phenyl fragments afford enhanced hydrophobic and π‐selectivity, respectively.
Novel extraction approach for liquid samples: Stir cake sorptive extraction using monolith
Authors: Huang Xiaojia , Chen Linli , Lin Fuhua , Yuan Dongxing 
Published: June 2011

AbstractIn this study, a new extraction approach for liquid samples – stir cake sorptive extraction using monoliths as extractive medium was developed. The preparation procedure of stir cake is very simple. First, monolithic cake is synthesized according to the in situ polymerization of monolith; then, the cake is inserted in an original unit (holder), which is constructed from a syringe cartridge and allows the magnetic stirring of the cake during the extraction process. The effects of dimension of monolithic cake and unit design on the extraction performance were optimized in detail. To demonstrate the usability of this new extraction approach, poly(vinylimidazole‐divinylbenzene) was prepared and acted as the extractive cake. The analysis of steroid hormones in milk samples by the combination of stir cake with high‐performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection, was selected as a paradigm for the practical evaluation of stir cake sorptive extraction. Under the optimized extraction conditions, low detection limits (S/N=3) and quantification limits (S/N=10) of the proposed method for the target analytes were achieved within the range between 0.33–0.69 and 1.08–2.28 μg/L, respectively. The method also showed good linearity, repeatability, high feasibility and acceptable recoveries. Because the monolithic cake does not contact with the vessel wall during stirring, there is no friction loss of extractive medium and the stir cake can be used for more than 1000 h.
Cropland edge, forest succession, and landscape affect shrubland bird nest predation
Authors: Shake Corey S. , Moorman Christopher E. , Burchell Michael R. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe effects of habitat edges on nest survival of shrubland birds, many of which have experienced significant declines in the eastern United States, have not been thoroughly studied. In 2007 and 2008, we collected data on nests of 5 shrubland passerine species in 12 early successional forest patches in North Carolina, USA. We used model selection methods to assess the effect of distance to cropland and mature forest edge on nest predation rates and additionally accounted for temporal trends, nest stage, vegetation structure, and landscape context. For nests of all species combined, nest predation decreased with increasing distance to cropland edge, by nearly 50% at 250 m from the cropland edge. Nest predation of all species combined also was higher in patches with taller saplings and less understory vegetation, especially in the second year of our study when trees were 4–6 m tall. Predation of field sparrow (Spizella pusilla) nests was lower in landscapes with higher agricultural landcover. Nest predation risk for shrubland birds appears to be greater near agricultural edges than mature forest edges, and natural forest succession may drive patterns of local extirpation of shrubland birds in early successional forest patches. Thus, we suggest that habitat patches managed for shrubland bird populations should be considerably large or wide (>250 m) when adjacent to crop fields and maintained in structurally diverse early seral stages. © 2011 The Wildlife Society.
Quick methods for evaluating survival of age‐characterizable long‐lived territorial birds
Authors: Hernández‐Matías Antonio , Real Joan , Pradel Roger 
Published: June 2011

AbstractSurvival is a key life‐history trait in animals. However, most methods of survival estimation require substantial human and economic investment in the long term, particularly in species occurring in low densities, the case of most endangered species. An alternative to traditional recapture (CR) methods is estimation of adult survival based indirectly on either age ratios (AGR) or turnover rates (TOR) in territorial species. These 2 methods are applicable to bird species in which recruited individuals enter into the breeding population whilst still exhibiting the external traits that distinguish those animals from experienced adults. The main advantages of these methods are that survival can be easily estimated for all monitored individuals after just 1 or 2 breeding seasons and that disturbance to the species is minimized. The main constraints of indirect methods are that the assumptions are more restrictive than in CR methods, and survival estimates, although comparable between sites and years, may be biased. We used data from a long‐term monitoring survey of 2 populations of the endangered Bonelli's eagle (Aquila fasciata), one in Catalonia (NE Spain) and the other in Provence and Languedoc‐Roussillon (SE France). We evaluated survival estimates using the AGR and TOR methods and compared them with CR methods and provide suitable corrections for refining survival estimates based on indirect methods. In Catalonia (2002–2008), survival was estimated at 0.84 by CR methods (SE = 0.047; n = 25 radio tagged eagles), at 0.86 by the corrected AGR method (SE = 0.011; n = 558 bird * year), and at 0.86 by the corrected TOR method (SE = 0.022; n = 547 bird * year). In France (1999–2008), survival was estimated at 0.88 by CR methods (SE = 0.040; n = 45 darvic banded eagles), at 0.87 by the corrected AGR method (SE = 0.015; n = 443 bird * year), and at 0.87 by the corrected TOR method (SE = 0.015; n = 438 bird * year). All analyses suggest that females survive better than males and that individuals from the French population survive better than individuals from the Catalan population. We conclude that indirect methods, which should not be regarded as a substitute of CR methods, will allow wildlife managers and researchers to estimate accurately adult survival in a territorial species over a short period of time and to monitor survival across populations over large geographic ranges and over time. © 2011 The Wildlife Society.
A data‐driven demographic model to explore the decline of the Bathurst caribou herd
Authors: Boulanger John , Gunn Anne , Adamczewski Jan , Croft Bruno 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe Bathurst herd of barren‐ground caribou (Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus) in the Canadian central arctic declined from an estimated 203,800 to 16,400 breeding females from 1986 to 2009, with the most rapid decline from 2006 to 2009. A key research and management question was whether the decline was mainly due to decreases in productivity alone or also due to reduced adult female survival. Investigating causes of the decline was hampered by a lack of direct estimates of caribou demographic parameters. We developed a demographic model that could be objectively fitted to field data to explore the mechanisms for the Bathurst decline, with a focus on the recent accelerated decline from 2006 to 2009. Our modeling indicated that the decline was driven by increasing negative trends in adult female and calf survival rates and possibly reduced fecundity The effect of a constant hunter harvest on the declining herd was one potential cause for the recent accelerated decline in adult survival. The demographic model detected negative trends in adult female survival that were not detected using standalone analyses of collar‐based survival data. The model allowed rigorous interpretation of trends in productivity by controlling for the simultaneous influence of trends in adult, calf, and yearling survival and adult fecundity on field‐based calf–cow ratios. Stochastic simulations suggested that large increases in adult survival and productivity would be needed for the herd to recover. Our methods enable objective modeling of caribou demography that can assist in caribou management based upon all sources of available data. © 2011 The Wildlife Society.
Modeling nest survival of cavity‐nesting birds in relation to postfire salvage logging
Authors: Saab Victoria A. , Russell Robin E. , Rotella Jay , Dudley Jonathan G. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractSalvage logging practices in recently burned forests often have direct effects on species associated with dead trees, particularly cavity‐nesting birds. As such, evaluation of postfire management practices on nest survival rates of cavity nesters is necessary for determining conservation strategies. We monitored 1,797 nests of 6 cavity‐nesting bird species: Lewis's woodpecker (Melanerpes lewis), hairy woodpecker (Picoides villosus), black‐backed woodpecker (P. arcticus), northern flicker (Colaptes auratus), western bluebird (Sialia mexicana), and mountain bluebird (S. currucoides) from 1994 to 2004 in ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa), mixed‐severity burned forests (partially logged and unlogged) of Idaho, USA. Based on a priori hypotheses, we modeled daily survival rate (DSR) of nests as a function of abiotic (temperature, precipitation), temporal (time since fire, calendar year) and biotic factors (distance to unburned forest, nest height, and tree harvest [partial‐salvage logging vs. unlogged]). Multiple abiotic and biotic factors, other than direct effects of salvage logging, affected daily survival rates of breeding cavity‐nesting birds. Hairy woodpecker was the only species in which partial‐salvage logging had a measurable, negative impact on DSR. Managers implementing carefully planned salvage logging prescriptions that include both unlogged reserves and partially logged areas can expect to maintain habitat for successfully breeding cavity‐nesting birds of the interior northwestern United States. Our results also suggest that nest survival for some species of cavity‐nesting birds could be improved if unlogged reserves are located centrally in postfire forests, distant from unburned habitats that potentially serve as sources of nest predators. © 2011 The Wildlife Society.
Responses of heather moorland and Mediterranean mouflon foraging to prescribed‐burning and cutting
Authors: Cazau Marjorie , Garel Mathieu , Maillard Daniel 
Published: June 2011

AbstractWe assessed the effects of prescribed burning and cutting on mouflon (Ovis gmelini musimon × Ovis sp.) spring habitat using an experimental design (17.28 ha) of 2 burned, 2 cut, and 2 untreated plots within a homogeneous stand dominated by heather (Erica cinerea and Calluna vulgaris). Overall, we found a shift in treated plots from ligneous species to herbaceous species with high digestive and energetic values for mouflon. We also found a consistently higher number of mouflon feeding on these treated habitats compared to untreated plots. Such effects were still apparent 4 years after habitat modifications. Our approaches could be used by managers to improve and maintain the range of mouflon populations experiencing habitat loss (e.g., woody plant encroachment) and for which the condition of an animal has often a high economical value through trophy hunting. © 2011 The Wildlife Society.
Are feeding preferences of white‐tailed deer related to plant constituents?
Authors: Dostaler Simon , Ouellet Jean‐Pierre , Therrien Jean‐François , Côté Steeve D. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractControlled feeding experiments can provide valuable insights into food selection of herbivores. We conducted cafeteria trials on captive yearling white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) during 2 years to determine feeding preferences in relation to plant chemical constituents, i.e., nitrogen and fibers. We simultaneously offered 8 species of cultivated and wild plants in monthly foraging trials conducted from June to October. We predicted that species preferences would be positively related to protein content from June to August and to digestible energy in September and October. As predicted, crude protein (CP) was positively related to feeding preferences, particularly as summer progressed. Feeding preferences were also negatively related to fiber content, especially in early summer. Our results indicate high protein needs over the complete growing season for yearling deer but a decrease in overall plant selectivity as summer progresses. Our results also suggest that deer browsing on cultivated plants might be due to higher CP content of cultivated plants than wild plants. To prevent deer impact on crops, managers should favor regeneration of plants rich in CP content in forests. © 2011 The Wildlife Society.
A novel method to improve individual animal identification based on camera‐trapping data
Authors: Mendoza Eduardo , Martineau Pierre R. , Brenner Elliott , Dirzo Rodolfo 
Published: June 2011

AbstractWe present a novel method to improve individual identification of animals based on camera‐trapping data. The method combines computer tools and human visual recognition to help multiple users to reach identification agreement. Application of this method to a bobcat (Lynx rufus) picture database from the Jasper Ridge Biological Preserve resulted in a progressive increase in identification agreement between 2 users, as measured by the adjusted Rand index (ARI). An initial ARI value of 0.28 increased to a final value of 0.84 (1 = maximum agreement). In contrast, comparisons involving random picture groupings consistently rendered low ARI values (≤0.05). The numbers of individuals named by the 2 users decreased from initial values of 46 and 43 to final values of 25 and 29, respectively. The tool presented here will help researchers and wildlife managers to identify individual mammals and monitor populations. © 2011 The Wildlife Society.