bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating delta asymmetry using three‐dimensional facies architecture and ichnological analysis, Ferron ‘Notom Delta’, Capital Reef, Utah, USA
Authors: LI WEIGUO , BHATTACHARYA JANOK P. , ZHU YIJIE , GARZA DANIEL , BLANKENSHIP ERIC 
Published: September 2010

AbstractDelta asymmetry occurs where there is strong wave influence and net longshore transport. Differences in the morphology and facies architecture between updrift and downdrift sides of asymmetric deltas are potentially significant for exploration and exploitation of resources in this class of reservoirs. Although delta asymmetry has been recognized widely from modern wave‐influenced deltaic shorelines, there are few documented examples in the ancient record. Based on an integrated sedimentological and ichnological study, the along‐strike variability and delta asymmetry within a single parasequence (Ps 6) is documented in continuously exposed outcrops of the Cretaceous Ferron Sandstone Member of the Mancos Shale Formation near Hanksville in southern Utah. Two intra‐parasequence discontinuity surfaces are recognized which allow subdivision of the parasequence into three bedsets, marked as Ps 6‐1 to Ps 6‐3. Four facies successions are recognized: (i) wave/storm‐dominated shoreface; (ii) river‐dominated delta front; (iii) wave/storm‐reworked delta front; and (iv) distributary channel and mouth bar. Dips of cross‐strata within distributary‐mouth bars and shorefaces show a strong downdrift (southward) component. Ps 6‐3 predominantly consists of river‐dominated delta‐front deposits, whereas Ps 6‐1 and Ps 6‐2 show an along‐strike facies change with shoreface deposits in the north, passing into heterolithic, river‐dominated delta‐front successions south to south‐eastward, and wave/storm‐reworked delta‐front deposits further to the south‐east. Trace fossil suites correspondingly show distinct along‐strike changes from robust and diverse expressions of the archetypal Cruziana Ichnofacies and Skolithos Ichnofacies, into suites characterized by horizontal, morphologically simple, facies‐crossing ichnogenera, reflecting a more stressed, river‐dominated environment. Further south‐eastward, trace fossil abundance and diversity increase, reflecting a return to archetypal ichnofacies. The overall facies integrated with palaeocurrent data indicate delta asymmetry. The asymmetric delta consists of sandier shoreface deposits on the updrift side and mixed riverine and wave/storm‐reworked deposits on the downdrift side, similar to that observed in the modern examples. However, in contrast to the recent delta asymmetry models, significant paralic, lagoonal and bay‐fill facies are not documented in the downdrift regions of the asymmetric delta. This observation is attributed to a negative palaeoshoreline trajectory during delta progradation and subsequent transgressive erosion. The asymmetric delta was induced by net longshore transport from north to south. The forced regressive nature of the delta precludes significant preservation of topset mud.
Prevalence and genetic heterogeneity of SEN virus genotypes D and H in blood donors from Central and Western Europe and West Africa
Authors: Thom K. , Cleland A. , Salakova M. , Candotti D. , Petrik J. 
Published: September 2010

Objectives: To establish prevalence and phylogenetic relationship of SEN virus (SENV) D and H in blood donors from Scotland, Czech Republic and Ghana. Aim: To compare the data between three regions with differing prevalence of blood‐borne viruses. Background: Anelloviruses are a ubiquitous group of viruses without a clear disease association. Although there is little evidence that they are pathogenic per se, they may have the ability to modify ongoing disease processes. They have a high degree of heterogeneity both within populations and across geographic regions. Materials and Methods: Three sets of donor samples were analysed by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and hybridisation. A proportion of amplified samples were sequenced and phylogenetic analysis was carried out. Results: The prevalence figures (including mixed D + H infection) were established for SENV D: 1·0, 8·4 and 25·2% and H: 12·5, 34·8 and 61·0% in Scottish, Czech and Ghanaian blood donors, respectively. The compilation of prevalence figures indicates the changing ratio of SENV D/H in west‐east direction, most obvious between Western Europe (D/H < 1) and far East Asia (D/H > 1). Phylogenetic analysis grouped the samples mostly in accordance with geographic origin, despite the variability of short sequence analysed. The previously indicated link between SENV prevalence and age was statistically significant in this study, only for SENV H in Czech samples. Conclusion: SENV D and H appear to reflect the incidence of other blood‐borne viruses in these locations. SENV H prevalence of 45·4% in Ghana represents the highest single‐SENV‐genotype prevalence described in blood donors to date.
Impact of climate and land use type on the distribution of Finnish casual arable weeds in Europe
Authors: HYVÖNEN T , GLEMNITZ M , RADICS L , HOFFMANN J 
Published: September 2010

Hyvönen T, Glemnitz M, Radics L & Hoffmann J (2011). Impact of climate and land use type on the distribution of Finnish casual arable weeds in Europe. Weed Research51, 201–208.SummaryThe aim of the study was to explore the impact of climate and land use type on species richness and abundance of arable weeds found as casual aliens in Finland. We used an empirical data set collected along a European climate gradient, from which 163 plants were selected for the analyses. Using generalised linear modelling (GLMM) and redundancy analysis (RDA), we compared species richness and abundance of all species and three functional groups (dicotyledons and grasses, C3 and C4 species, alien and native species to Europe), as well as occurrence of the 13 most common individual species between three land use types (fallow, low‐input and conventionally cultivated) and six regions. In general, fallowing and low‐input cultivation, as well as warmer climate, supported greater weed species richness and abundance. Temperature was found to be a more important factor for weed abundance than land use. The only exception was C4 species richness, which did not respond to either factor. The impact of land use was independent of climate for all variables, except C4 species abundance. Non‐cultivated fallows had more weeds than cultivated fields, in most cases. No difference was found in the species richness and abundance of grasses or in the occurrence of individual species between low‐input and conventionally cultivated fields. It was evident that climate and land use affect the distribution of arable weed species currently found as casual aliens in Finland. This suggests that climate warming will increase the risk of the population establishment of new weed species in northern regions.
The role of latitude, ultraviolet radiation exposure and vitamin D in childhood asthma and hayfever: an Australian multicenter study
Authors: Hughes Ann Maree , Lucas Robyn Marjorie , Ponsonby Anne‐Louise , Chapman Caron , Coulthard Alan , Dear Keith , Dwyer Terry , Kilpatrick Trevor J. , McMichael Anthony J. , Pender Michael P. , Taylor Bruce V. , Valery Patricia , van der Mei Ingrid A. F. , Williams David 
Published: September 2010

To cite this article: Hughes AM, Lucas RM, Ponsonby A‐L, Chapman C, Coulthard A, Dear K, Dwyer T, Kilpatrick TJ, McMichael AJ, Pender MP, Taylor BV, Valery P, van der Mei IAF, Williams D. The role of latitude, ultraviolet radiation exposure and vitamin D in childhood asthma and hayfever: an Australian multicenter study. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2011; 22: 327–333.AbstractObservations of increasing allergy prevalence with decreasing distance from the Equator and positive associations with ambient ultraviolet radiation have contributed to a growing interest in the possible role of vitamin D in the etiology of allergy. The aims of this study were to describe any latitudinal variation in the prevalence of childhood allergy in Australia and to evaluate, in parallel, the individual associations between ultraviolet radiation (UVR)‐ and vitamin D‐related measures and hayfever asthma and both conditions. Participants were population‐based controls who took part in a multicenter case–control study, aged 18–61 yr and resident in one of four study regions ranging in latitude from 27°S to 43°S. Data were derived from a self‐administered questionnaire, interview and examination by a research officer and biologic sampling. Latitude and longitude coordinates were geocoded from participants’ residential locations and climatic data were linked to postcodes of current residence. Stored serum was analyzed for 25‐hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and silicone rubber casts of the skin were used as an objective measure of cumulative actinic damage. There was an inverse latitude gradient for asthma (a 9% decrease per increasing degree of latitude); however, this pattern did not persist after adjusting for average daily temperature. There was no association between any of the UVR‐ or vitamin D‐related measures and childhood asthma, but greater time in the sun in winter between the ages 6–15 yr was associated with an increase in the odds of having hayfever [adjusted odds ratios (OR) 1.29; 95% CI 1.01–1.63]. Oral supplementation with cod liver oil in childhood increased the odds of a history of having both asthma and hayfever (2.87; 1.00–8.32). Further investigation of the possible role of early vitamin D supplementation in the development of allergy is warranted. Our results also suggest that solar exposure during childhood may be important in allergic sensitization. Plausible explanations, including biologic mechanisms, exist for both observations.
Platelet transfusion refractoriness attributable to HLA antibodies produced by donor‐derived cells after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation from one HLA‐antigen‐mismatched mother
Authors: Hatakeyama Naoki , Hori Tsukasa , Yamamoto Masaki , Inazawa Natsuko , Iesato Kotoe , Miyazaki Toru , Ikeda Hisami , Tsutsumi Hiroyuki , Suzuki Nobuhiro 
Published: September 2010

Hatakeyama N, Hori T, Yamamoto M, Inazawa N, Iesato K, Miyazaki T, Ikeda H, Tsutsumi H, Suzuki N. Platelet transfusion refractoriness attributable to HLA antibodies produced by donor‐derived cells after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation from one HLA‐antigen‐mismatched mother.  Pediatr Transplantation 2011: 15: E177–E182. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  PTR is a serious problem in patients being treated for hematologic disorders. Two patients with acute leukemia developed PTR after allogeneic BMT from one HLA‐antigen‐mismatched mother attributable to HLA antibodies, which could not be detected in their serum before BMT. HLA antibodies, whose specificity resembled that of each patient, were detected in each donor’s serum. Each donor had probably been immunized during pregnancy by their partner’s HLA antigens expressed by the fetus, consequently, transplanted donor‐derived cells provoked HLA antibodies in each recipient early after BMT, and those HLA antibodies induced PTR. If the mothers are selected as donors for their children, they should be tested for the presence of HLA antibodies.
Polyoma virus‐associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy after renal transplantation: Regression following withdrawal of mycophenolate mofetil
Authors: Weber Sven C. , Uhlenberg Birgit , Raile Klemens , Querfeld Uwe , Müller Dominik 
Published: September 2010

Weber SC, Uhlenberg B, Raile K, Querfeld U, Müller D. Polyoma virus‐associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy after renal transplantation: Regression following withdrawal of mycophenolate mofetil. Pediatr Transplantation 2011: 15:E19–E24. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  The 2008‐released FDA safety report described a potential association between use of MMF and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. We here report the case of an 11‐yr‐old kidney transplanted boy suffering from PML who showed rapid improvement parallel to withdrawal of MMF. This case contributes to the increasing knowledge on side effects of MMF treatment in children.
Molecular identification of a phytoplasma associated with Elm witches’‐broom in China
Authors: Gao R. , Wang J. , Shao Y.‐H. , Li X.‐D. , Yang B.‐H. , Chang W.‐C. , Zhao W.‐J. , Zhu S.‐F. 
Published: September 2010

SummaryElm samples with and without witches’‐broom symptoms (EWB) were collected from Tai’an and Zhaoyuan, Shandong Province, China. Phytoplasmal cells were observed in the phloem cells of symptomatic plants under electron microscope. Specific fragments of about 1.2 kb in length were amplified with nested‐PCR from symptomatic samples, while no fragment was obtained from healthy plants. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of the phytoplasmas associated with elm witches’‐broom in Tai’an (EWB‐TA) and Zhaoyuan (EWB‐ZHY) had high similarities, and formed a sublineage in phylogenetic tree, with members of subgroup B or D of aster yellows group (16SrI). Computer simulated restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of 16S rRNA gene revealed that EWB‐TA and EWB‐ZHY patterns had similarity coefficients of 1.00 with the pattern from the representative strains of subgroup 16SrI‐B, and had a similarity coefficient of lower than 0.97 with representatives of other subgroups. These results indicated that the phytoplasma strain associated with elm witches’‐broom in China was very closely related to ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris’ OAY, belonging to subgroup‐B of aster yellows group (16SrI‐B). This is the first report of a phytoplasma associated with elm witches’‐broom disease in China.
Antioxidant Defence System of Boar Cauda Epididymidal Spermatozoa and Reproductive Tract Fluids
Authors: Koziorowska‐Gilun M , Koziorowski M , Fraser L , Strzeżek J 
Published: September 2010

ContentsAntioxidants secreted by the reproductive tract protect spermatozoa against the toxic effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) after ejaculation. This study aimed at characterizing the level of antioxidant protection in boar cauda epididymidal spermatozoa and fluids of the cauda epididymidis, vesicular and prostate glands. Also, this study investigated the effect of a 5‐h period of dialysis on the antioxidant capacity of boar seminal plasma. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione transferase (GST) and phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (PHGPx) activities were monitored in the cauda epididymidal spermatozoa or reproductive tract fluids. Also, the concentrations of total glutathione (GSH + GSSG), l‐ergothioneine (ERT) and l‐ascorbate and the total antioxidant status (TAS) of the fluids were measured. It was found that the cauda epididymidal spermatozoa exhibited high SOD activity and relatively low activity of PHGPx. The relative amounts of GPx, GR and GST activities in the cauda epididymidal spermatozoa were negligible, whereas CAT activity was undetectable. Greater SOD activity was found in the fluids of the cauda epididymidis and prostate gland. Furthermore, the prostate gland fluid appeared to be the main source of CAT activity in the seminal plasma, whereas the highest level of GPx activity was derived from the cauda epididymidal fluid. The reproductive tract fluids exhibited negligible amounts of GR and GST activities. It seemed that the significant amounts of GSH + GSSG, ERT and l‐ascorbate in the reproductive tract fluids could have an ameliorative effect on the level of TAS in the seminal plasma. Dialysis had a marked effect on the total antioxidant capacity of the seminal plasma, which was manifested in greater activity of SOD and GPx. The findings of this study confirmed that the scavenging potential of the seminal plasma is dependent on the contributions of different antioxidants, originating in various fluids of boar reproductive tract.
Differential mRNA Expression in Rabbit In vivo Pre‐implantatory Embryos
Authors: Saenz‐de‐Juano MD , Peñaranda DS , Marco‐Jiménez F , Llobat L , Vicente JS 
Published: September 2010

ContentsTo study genes involved in embryo developmental competence and implantation in rabbits, the expression of a panel of genes related to pluripotency, angiogenesis, proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation were evaluated in late rabbit blastocysts. Thirty nulliparous does were used to obtain a total of 184 in vivo‐derived blastocysts on days 4, 5 and 6 of development. The relative transcript abundance of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (erbB3), transforming growth factor β2 (TGF β2) and transcription factor OCT‐4 were analysed from eight pools of each stage of development, using quantitative real‐time reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction (qrtRT‐PCR). mRNA expression was detected for all genes in 4‐, 5‐ and 6‐day‐old blastocysts, according to blastocyst growth and implantation proximity. Significant differences in OCT‐4, VEGF and TGF β2 expression were observed between days of development. Results show a down‐regulation of OCT‐4 from the 4th day, contrasting with the up‐regulation of VEGF and TGF β2 at 6‐day‐old blastocyst. These findings corroborate the importance of VEGF and TGF β2 in rabbit embryo development and implantation and suggest a possible regulator role of OCT‐4 in embryonic angiogenetic factors. On the other hand, no differences were found for erbB3 expression. Therefore, the study of specific gene transcripts in rabbit blastocyst could provide novel embryo developmental competence markers and might be used as a new tool for further studies of embryo quality and in vitro development.
Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease's prevalence and impact on alanine aminotransferase associated with metabolic syndrome in the Chinese
Authors: Hou Xu‐hong , Zhu Yun‐xia , Lu Hui‐juan , Chen Hui‐fen , Li Qiang , Jiang Shan , Xiang Kun‐san , Jia Wei‐ping 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBackground and Aim:  Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming a major public health hazard in China. The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of NAFLD, NAFLD with abnormal serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, and determine the potential associations of ALT levels with the components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the absence or presence of NAFLD in Chinese adults.Methods:  A population‐based cross‐sectional survey was conducted with 2226 participants. Physical examinations, laboratory tests and hepatic ultrasounds were performed. Individuals were further stratified into higher or lower ALT subgroups with the upper quartiles of ALT in this population. The MetS was identified according to the criteria of the Chinese Joint Committee for Developing Chinese Guidelines (JCDCG).Results:  The standardized prevalence of NAFLD was 23.3% (NAFLD with abnormal ALT levels, 3.1%), 26.5% (NAFLD with abnormal ALT levels, 5.1%) in males, and 19.7% (NAFLD with abnormal ALT levels, 0.9%) in females. Multivariate logistic analysis revealed that higher ALT was significantly associated with elevated triglyceride (TG) in the non‐NAFLD participants, independent of age, smoking status, drinking status, and other MetS‐related measures with odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of 3.4 (1.6–7.1) and 2.3 (1.4–3.7) in males and females, respectively. On the other hand, the higher ALT was statistically associated with elevated TG and hyperglycemia in the NAFLD cases with odds ratios of 2.2 to 2.5 (P < 0.05).Conclusions:  The prevalence of NAFLD has become epidemic in Shanghai adults. NAFLD combined with ALT levels may be used to identify the individuals at the different risk levels of metabolic disorders.
Single photon emission computed tomography in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
Authors: SOLER Xavier , HOH Carl K. , TEST Victor J. , KERR Kim M. , MARSH James J. , MORRIS Timothy A. 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTBackground and objective:  The management of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is largely dependent on the extent of obstruction in the pulmonary arteries. Planar perfusion scans are commonly used to quantify perfusion defects in CTEPH patients. However, planar scans typically under‐represent the extent of vascular obstruction in CTEPH. We conducted this study to test the hypothesis that SPECT lung perfusion scans are more accurate than planar scans for determining the location and extent of perfusion defects in patients with CTEPH.Methods:  Planar ventilation scans, planar and SPECT perfusion scans were performed preoperatively in patients undergoing pulmonary thromboendarterectomy for treatment of CTEPH. Two clinical experts independently documented the segmental anatomy of the vascular obstructions by reviewing clinical records, pulmonary and CT angiograms, and surgical specimens. A nuclear medicine expert documented the segmental anatomy of the perfusion defects observed by planar and SPECT scans independently.Results:  Clinical/pathological evaluation disclosed 241 obstructed and 99 unobstructed lung segments in 17 patients. Sensitivity for detecting obstructed segments was significantly higher for SPECT than for planar scanning (63.5 ± 3.1% vs 42.7 ± 3.2%, respectively; P < 0.01). Specificities of SPECT and planar scanning were not significantly different (62.6 ± 4.8% vs 76.8 ± 4.2%, respectively; P = 0.092).Conclusions:  The SPECT is more sensitive than planar perfusion scanning for identifying obstructed segments in CTEPH. However, even SPECT under‐represents the true extent of the vascular occlusions in CTEPH.
The effects of bushfire smoke on respiratory health
Authors: DENNEKAMP Martine , ABRAMSON Michael J. 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTBushfire smoke has the potential to affect millions of people and is therefore a major public health problem. The air pollutant that increases most significantly as a result of bushfire smoke is particulate matter (PM). During bushfire smoke episodes, PM concentrations are usually much higher than urban background concentrations, at which effects on respiratory health have been observed. The smoke can cover large areas including major cities and even small increases in the risk of respiratory health effects can cause large public health problems.The association between respiratory morbidity and exposure to bushfire smoke is consistent with the associations found with urban air pollution. Although using different methods, all studies looking at Emergency Department presentations in relation to a bushfire smoke event have found associations and most studies have also found an association with hospital admissions. However, only a few studies have distinguished between the effects of bushfire PM10 (particles with a median aerodynamic diameter less than 10 µm) and background PM10. These studies suggest that PM10 from bushfire smoke is at least as toxic as urban PM10, but more research is needed.