bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determining the optimal pelvic floor muscle training regimen for women with stress urinary incontinence
Authors: Dumoulin Chantale , Glazener Cathryn , Jenkinson David 
Published: June 2011

AbstractPelvic floor muscle (PFM) training has received Level‐A evidence rating in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in women, based on meta‐analysis of numerous randomized control trials (RCTs) and is recommended in many published guidelines. However, the actual regimen of PFM training used varies widely in these RCTs. Hence, to date, the optimal PFM training regimen for achieving continence remains unknown and the following questions persist: how often should women attend PFM training sessions and how many contractions should they perform for maximal effect? Is a regimen of strengthening exercises better than a motor control strategy or functional retraining? Is it better to administer a PFM training regimen to an individual or are group sessions equally effective, or better? Which is better, PFM training by itself or in combination with biofeedback, neuromuscular electrical stimulation, and/or vaginal cones? Should we use improvement or cure as the ultimate outcome to determine which regimen is the best? The questions are endless. As a starting point in our endeavour to identify optimal PFM training regimens, the aim of this study is (a) to review the present evidence in terms of the effectiveness of different PFM training regimens in women with SUI and (b) to discuss the current literature on PFM dysfunction in SUI women, including the up‐to‐date evidence on skeletal muscle training theory and other factors known to impact on women's participation in and adherence to PFM training. Neurourol. Urodynam. Neurourol. Urodynam. 30:746–753, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Rodent models for urodynamic investigation
Authors: Andersson Karl‐Erik , Soler Roberto , Füllhase Claudius 
Published: June 2011

AbstractRodents, most commonly rats, mice, and guinea pigs are widely used to investigate urinary storage and voiding functions, both in normal animals and in models of disease. An often used methodology is cystometry. Micturitions in rodents and humans differ significantly and this must be considered when cystometry is used to interpret voiding in rodent models. Cystometry in humans requires active participation of the investigated patient (subject), and this can for obvious reasons not be achieved in the animals. Cystometric parameters in rodents are often poorly defined and do not correspond to those used in humans. This means that it is important that the terminology used for description of what is measured should be defined, and that the specific terminology used in human cystometry should be avoided. Available disease models in rodents have limited translational value, but despite many limitations, rodent cystometry may give important information on bladder physiology and pharmacology. The present review discusses the principles of urodynamics in rodents, techniques, and terminology, as well as some commonly used disease models, and their translational value. Neurourol. Urodynam. Neurourol. Urodynam. 30:636–646, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Sophisticated models and methods for studying neurogenic bladder dysfunction
Authors: Kanai Anthony , Zabbarova Irina , Ikeda Youko , Yoshimura Naoki , Birder Lori , Hanna‐Mitchell Ann , de Groat William 
Published: June 2011

AbstractAimTo describe how the use of new and established animal models and methods can generate vital and far reaching experimental data in the study of mechanism underlying neurogenic bladder overactivity.MethodsBladder and colonic irradiated mice and those with upper and lower motor neuron lesions were used to study neurogenic bladder overactivity. Methods included cystometry, tension measurements, afferent nerve recordings and optical mapping of action potentials and intracellular Ca2+ transients. Recordings were made in a number of innovative preparations including in‐line cultured cells, bladder‐urethra sheets and cross‐sections, spinal cord slices and the cerebral cortex.ResultsThe animal models and methods used allow for the study of peripheral and central mechanisms of neurogenic overactivity. While colonic irradiation results in solely neurogenic dysfunction, spinal cord lesions also induce non‐neural changes resulting in increased spontaneous detrusor contractions that can directly stimulate afferent nerves. Imaging of cultured bladder interstitial cells reveals spontaneous firing that could contribute to detrusor overactivity, while optical imaging of the spinal cord and brain could identify changes in central pathways that underlie lower urinary tract dysfunction.ConclusionsThe animal models and methods described allow for the study of neurogenic overactivity at the peripheral, spinal and cortical levels. This may lead to greater understanding of sensory and motor mechanisms involved in incontinence, the contributions of interstitial cells and spontaneous detrusor contractions, and the involvement of the cortex. Neurourol. Urodynam. 30:658–667, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Is sensory testing during lead placement crucial for achieving positive outcomes after sacral neuromodulation?
Authors: Peters Kenneth M. , Killinger Kim A. , Boura Judith A. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractAimsMotor and sensory responses help guide lead placement during staged neuromodulation procedures. However, eliciting sensory responses requires lighter anesthesia. We evaluated the impact of assessing sensory responses during quadripolar tined lead placement on outcomes in subjects with refractory voiding symptoms.MethodsAdults who had a sacral lead placed were identified from our prospective neuromodulation database and grouped by whether they had intraoperative sensory testing or not. History, operative data, and implantable permanent generator (IPG) implant, lead revision and device explant rates were collected from medical records. Symptoms were evaluated with the Interstitial Cystitis Symptom Index/Problem Index (ICSI‐PI) and scaled global response assessments (GRA) for the first 24 months post IPG placement. Data were analyzed using Pearson's Chi‐square, Fisher's Exact, or Wilcoxon rank test.ResultsOf 141 subjects (82% female), 86 (61%) had sensory testing and 55 (39%) did not. Sensory and no sensory testing groups were not significantly different on demographics, urologic diagnosis, IPG implant rates (76/84; 90% and 48/55; 87% respectively) or mean operative time (37.9 ± 13.9 minutes vs. 35.5 ± 11.6). Within 4 years, 19/141 (13.5%) were revised and/or explanted. For explant alone, 11/86 (13%) in the sensory and only 3/55 (5.5%) in the no sensory group (P = 0.16) were explanted. Overall, ICSI‐PI scores improved over time (P < 0.0001) and most reported improvement on the GRA at each time point, but no differences were seen between groups.ConclusionsIntraoperative sensory testing during sacral lead placement does not necessarily improve IPG implantation rates or clinical outcomes of neuromodulation. Neurourol. Urodynam. 30: 1489–1492, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Nocturia: New Directions
Authors: Weiss Jeffrey P. , Wein Alan J. , van Kerrebroeck Philip , Dmochowski Roger , Fitzgerald Marypat , Tikkinen Kari A.O. , Abrams Paul 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe Nocturia Think Tank (TT) met during the 2010 meeting of the International Consultation on Incontinence‐Research Society to discuss present knowledge and future directions in care and research of this prominent component of the spectrum of lower urinary tract symptoms. Questions raised included whether nocturia should be re‐defined as a function of its bother, effects on quality of life, and economic impact upon society. At issue is the need to delineate the determinants of successful nocturia management. The multifactorial nature of nocturia requires that progress in its treatment will be dependent upon the cooperative investigation on the part of urologists, urogynecologists, geriatricians, epidemiologists, medical economists and pharma. Areas for future avenues of research were outlined at the conclusion of the meeting. Neurourol. Urodynam. Neurourol. Urodynam. 30:700–703, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Quality control in urodynamics and the role of software support in the QC procedure
Authors: Hogan S. , Jarvis P. , Gammie A. , Abrams P. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractAimsThis article aims to identify quality control (QC) best practice, to review published QC audits in order to identify how closely good practice is followed, and to carry out a market survey of the software features that support QC offered by urodynamics machines available in the UK.Methods and ResultsAll UK distributors of urodynamic systems were contacted and asked to provide information on the software features relating to data quality of the products they supply. The results of the market survey show that the features offered by manufacturers differ greatly. Automated features, which can be turned off in most cases, include: cough recognition, detrusor contraction detection, and high pressure alerts. There are currently no systems that assess data quality based on published guidelines.A literature review of current QC guidelines for urodynamics was carried out; QC audits were included in the literature review to see how closely guidelines were being followed. This review highlights the fact that basic QC is not being carried out effectively by urodynamicists.ConclusionBased on the software features currently available and the results of the literature review there is both the need and capacity for a greater degree of automation in relation to urodynamic data quality and accuracy assessment. Some progress has been made in this area and certain manufacturers have already developed automated cough detection. Neurourol. Urodynam. Neurourol. Urodynam. 30: 1557–1564, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Measuring leadership in multisector health care alliances
Authors: Alexander Jeffrey A. , Hearld Larry R. , Mittler Jessica 
Published: June 2011

AbstractWhereas many aspects of community health alliances have received attention by researchers and practitioners, leadership has consistently been highlighted as essential to their success. However, much of the writing on alliance leadership remains anecdotal and prescriptive, leaving the fundamental nature and assessment of alliance leadership unexamined. Using qualitative and survey data collected from two large studies of community health alliances, we describe aspects of leadership in alliances, construct a survey‐based scale to assess leadership in community health care alliances, and provide initial psychometric assessment and validation of this new measure. Results of the reliability and validity assessments suggest considerable support for the survey‐based measure. Although further psychometric testing is needed, the leadership measure holds the potential for researchers to go beyond anecdotal evidence by providing a more objective and comparable basis for assessing the contribution of leadership in health care alliances.
Will this voluntary project be successful?: Validation of an instrumental model of volunteering behavior
Authors: Lindenmeier Jörg , Dietrich Martin 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThis study examines whether instrumental considerations influence people's decision to start volunteering. Using social dilemma theory as a basis, the authors assume that the decision to start volunteering is contingent on whether a voluntary program will be successful in achieving a collective goal. The study's findings underscore the importance of anticipated success likelihood perceptions, which appear to have a major impact on potential volunteers' decision‐making process. Furthermore, social consensus beliefs relating to proximate referents have a more distinct impact than do social consensus beliefs relating to distant referents. Finally, the study reveals interesting gender‐specific differences. On the basis of the results from the empirical analysis, the study offers implications for management and avenues for further research.
A discussion of the differences in volunteering rates in the panel study of income dynamics, the current population survey, and independent sector volunteering studies
Authors: Nesbit Rebecca Ann 
Published: June 2011

AbstractIn this research note, I seek to explain differences in volunteering rates in three major volunteering studies—the Panel Study of Income Dynamics Philanthropy Module (known as the COPPS data), the Current Population Survey's volunteering supplement (CPS), and the Independent Sector's (IS) study, Giving and Volunteering in the United States. I compare each study in terms of survey methodology and volunteering questionnaire content. Then I discuss reasons for differences in the volunteering rates of these surveys based on methodology and questionnaire content.
Development of an upwinding particle interaction kernel for simulating incompressible Navier‐Stokes equations
Authors: Huang Chinlong , Sheu Tony W.H. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractIn this study, we are aimed to derive a kernel function, which accounts for the interaction among particles, within the framework of particle method. To get a computationally more accurate solution for the incompressible Navier‐Stokes equations, determination of kernel function is a key to success in the developed interaction model. In the light of the underlying fact that the smoothed quantity for a scalar or a vector at a particle location is mathematically identical to its collocated value provided that the kernel function is chosen as the Dirac delta function, our guideline is to make the modified kernel function closer to the Dirac delta function as much as possible in flow conditions when diffusion dominates convection. As convection prevailingly dominates its diffusion counterpart, particle interaction at the upstream side should be favorably taken into account to avoid numerical oscillations resulting from the convective instability. The proposed particle interaction model featuring with the newly developed kernel function will be validated through several scalar transport and Navier‐Stokes problems which have either analytical or benchmark solutions. The stability condition and the spatial accuracy order of the proposed particle interaction model will be also analyzed in details in this article for the sake of completeness. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 2012
Continuous interior penalty finite element methods for Sobolev equations with convection‐dominated term
Authors: Zhang Xianqiang , Wang Wenqia , Lu Tongchao 
Published: June 2011

AbstractWe consider implicit and semi‐implicit time‐stepping methods for continuous interior penalty (CIP) finite element approximations of Sobolev equations with convection‐dominated term. Stability is obtained by adding an interior penalty term giving L2 ‐control of the jump of the gradient over element faces. Several
$\cal {A}$
‐stable time‐stepping methods are analyzed and shown to be unconditionally stable and optimally convergent. We show that the contribution from the gradient jumps leading to an extended matrix pattern may be extrapolated from previous time steps, and hence handled explicitly without loss of stability and accuracy. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 2012
Dissipative control for singular Markovian jump systems with time delay
Authors: Wang Guoliang , Zhang Qingling , Yang Chunyu 
Published: June 2011

SUMMARYThis paper focuses on the problem of dissipative control for continuous‐time singular time‐delayed systems with Markovian jump parameters. Different from usually mode‐dependent or mode‐independent controller design methods, a partially mode‐dependent dissipative controller is firstly proposed via using a mode‐dependent Lyapunov function. The stochastic property of the mode available to a controller operation is taken into consideration in the corresponding controller design. Moreover, the existence of the established controller is given in terms of strict linear matrix inequalities. Finally, numerical examples are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the given theoretical results. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Childhood cancer survivorship educational resources in North American pediatric hematology/oncology fellowship training programs: A survey study
Authors: Nathan Paul C. , Schiffman Joshua D. , Huang Sujuan , Landier Wendy , Bhatia Smita , Eshelman‐Kent Debra , Wright Jennifer , Oeffinger Kevin C. , Hudson Melissa M. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackgroundChildhood cancer survivors require life‐long care by clinicians with an understanding of the specific risks arising from the prior cancer and its therapy. We surveyed North American pediatric hematology/oncology training programs to evaluate their resources and capacity for educating medical trainees about survivorship.ProcedureAn Internet survey was sent to training program directors and long‐term follow‐up clinic (LTFU) directors at the 56 US and Canadian centers with pediatric hematology/oncology fellowship programs. Perceptions regarding barriers to and optimal methods of delivering survivorship education were compared among training program and LTFU clinic directors.ResultsResponses were received from 45/56 institutions of which 37/45 (82%) programs require that pediatric hematology/oncology fellows complete a mandatory rotation focused on survivorship. The rotation is 4 weeks or less in 21 programs. Most (36/45; 80%) offer didactic lectures on survivorship as part of their training curriculum, and these are considered mandatory for pediatric hematology/oncology fellows at 26/36 (72.2%). Only 10 programs (22%) provide training to medical specialty trainees other than pediatric hematology/oncology fellows. Respondents identified lack of time for trainees to spend learning about late effects as the most significant barrier to providing survivorship teaching. LTFU clinic directors were more likely than training program directors to identify lack of interest in survivorship among trainees and survivorship not being a formal or expected part of the fellowship training program as barriers.ConclusionsThe results of this survey highlight the need to establish standard training requirements to promote the achievement of basic survivorship competencies by pediatric hematology/oncology fellows. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011; 57: 1186–1190. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
High‐grade brain tumors in siblings with biallelic MSH6 mutations
Authors: Ilencikova Denisa , Sejnova Daniela , Jindrova Jana , Babal Pavel 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBiallelic germline mutations of Constitutional mismatch repair‐deficiency syndrome (CMMR‐D) genes, MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2 are characterized by increased risk of childhood malignancy. We report a case with CMMR‐D caused by novel homozygous MSH6 mutations leading to gliomatosis cerebri and T‐ALL in an 11‐year‐old female and glioblastoma multiforme in her 10‐year‐old brother, both with rapid progression of the diseases. A literature review on brain tumors in CMMR‐D families shows that they are treatment‐resistant and lead to early death. Identification of patients with CMMR‐D is critical, and specific cancer screening programs with early surgery are recommended. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011; 57: 1067–1070. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparison of piperacillin tazobactam and cefoperazone sulbactam monotherapy in treatment of febrile neutropenia
Authors: Karaman Serap , Vural Sema , Yildirmak Yildiz , Emecen Merve , Erdem Ela , Kebudi Rejin 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackgroundMonotherapy has tended to replace the combination therapy in emprical treatment of febrile neutropenia. There is no reported trial which compares the efficacy of cefoperazone‐sulbactam (CS) and piperacillin‐tazobactam (PIP/TAZO) monotherapies in the treatment of febrile neutropenia. In this prospective randomized study, we aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of CS versus PIP/TAZO as empirical monotherapies in febrile neutropenic children with cancer.ProcedureThe study included febrile, neutropenic children hospitalized at our center for cancer. They were randomly selected to receive CS 100 mg/kg/day or PIP/TAZO 360 mg/kg/day. Duration of fever and neutropenia, absolute neutrophil count, modification, and success rate were compared between the two groups. Resolution of fever without antibiotic change was defined as success and resolution of fever with antibiotic change or death of a patient was defined as failure. Modification was defined as changing the empirical antimicrobial agent during a febrile episode.ResultsOne hundred and two febrile neutropenic episodes were documented in 55 patients with a median age of 4 years. In 50 episodes CS and in 52 episodes PIP/TAZO was used. Duration of fever and neutropenia, neutrophil count, age, sex, and primary disease were not different between two groups. Success rates in the CS and PIP/TAZO groups were respectively 56 and 62% (P > 0.05). Modification rate between two groups showed no significant difference (P > 0.05). No serious adverse effect occurred in either of the groups.ConclusionCS and PIP/TAZO monotherapy are both safe and effective in the initial treatment of febrile neutropenia in children with cancer. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012; 58: 579–583. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Tracheal diameter at birth in severe congenital diaphragmatic hernia treated by fetal endoscopic tracheal occlusion
Authors: Jani J. , Valencia C. , Cannie M. , Vuckovic A. , Sellars M. , Nicolaides K.H. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate tracheal dimensional differences seen at birth following fetal endoscopic tracheal occlusion (FETO) in cases of severe congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and to report on their clinical follow‐up.Patients and MethodsIn chest X‐rays, taken within 48 h after birth, we measured the tracheal diameter at the level of the tracheal entry into the chest, 1 cm above the level of the carina and at middistance between these sites in 37 fetuses with severe CDH treated by FETO. These measurements were compared with those in 74 preterm and term neonates with no congenital lung abnormalities.ResultsIn the CDH group, compared to the controls, the tracheal diameter corrected for gestational age was significantly larger at all three levels of the trachea. Regression analysis showed that significant predictors of the tracheal diameter at the level of tracheal entry into the chest were the observed to expected (o/e) lung area to head circumference ratio (LHR) and the duration of tracheal occlusion. In the CDH group, postnatal follow‐up until the age of 22 months (1–70) showed that 5 of 24 neonates had an effort‐induced barking cough.ConclusionA large number of infants with severe CDH surviving after FETO have a degree of tracheomegaly that is associated with the severity of CDH as assessed by pre‐FETO LHR. This tracheomegaly does not constitute an obvious clinical problem. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.