bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the quality and health literacy demand of online information on pelvic floor exercises to reduce stress urinary incontinence
Authors: Willburger Brydie , Chen Zhuoran , Mansfield Kylie J. 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundMany women are embarrassed to discuss pelvic floor exercises with health professionals during pregnancy; instead they search the internet for information on pelvic floor exercises.AimsThis project investigated the quality and health literacy demand in terms of readability, understandability and actionability of information available on the internet relating to pelvic floor exercises.Materials and MethodsAn analysis was conducted on 150 websites and 43 videos obtained from three consecutive Google searches relating to pelvic floor exercises. Websites were assessed for Health on the Net certification. Readability was assessed using a readability calculator, and understandability/actionability of website and video information was assessed using the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool (PEMAT) for Print or Audiovisual Materials.ResultsLess than one‐third (24%) of the websites were certified for quality. The median readability score for the websites was grade 9 and the websites and videos both rated highly for understandability and actionability. The median understandability score for the website information was 87%, and the median actionability score was 71%. The median understandability score of the video information was 95.5% and the median actionability score was 100%. The understandability and actionability of video information was also significantly greater than that for website information (P < 0.01).ConclusionClinicians could consider directing patients to video‐based resources when advising online pelvic floor exercise resources for women during pregnancy, especially those with lower health literacy.
The gendered costs of stigma: How experiences of conflict‐related sexual violence affect civic engagement for women and men
Authors: Koos Carlo , Traunmüller Richard 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA common understanding emphasizes the destructive effects of conflict‐related sexual violence (CRSV) on social cohesion and community life. Stressing the agency of survivors, we present an alternative argument. Our theory predicts that survivors seek to counteract the stigma attached to CRSV by contributing to the community in the form of civic engagement. Drawing on three original surveys from Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Liberia, and Sri Lanka and relying on list experiments to reduce underreporting bias, we find that survivors of CRSV indeed show increased levels of civic engagement. This civic effect is consistent across the three contexts and very likely causal. We also rule out an alternative mechanism based on posttraumatic growth and dispel concerns that increased civic engagement comes at the expense of decreased intergroup relations. However, looking at sex differences, our results are more sobering. While in line with our prediction, they do not support the optimistic notion that survivors' mobilization results in female empowerment and the closing of existing gender gaps in civic behavior. Our findings have important implications for our understanding of CRSV, the legacy of violent conflict, and the gendered nature of politics.
“Green peppers, tomatoes, and lemons, disunite!”: Feminist solidarity in times of wars
Authors: Hakyemez Serra , Yasak Ozlem 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis article focuses on female bodies co‐laboring across the racial lines and academic‐activist divides to explore both the potentials and constraints of feminist solidarity in the hyper‐masculine and ultra‐nationalist normative order of the global war on terror. Anthropological studies have deconstructed phantasmatic narratives of the global war on terror by disclosing its racialized and classed structure. However, what remains understudied is how racialized female bodies are subjected to the biopower and necropower of this war. This ethnography concentrates on the feminist solidarity between Özlem Yasak and Serra Hakyemez, the coauthors of this article, which stretches over 13 years and moves between the colony and the metropole and the Global South and Global North. It examines how a Turkish academic and a Kurdish activist (both lower middle‐class women) forge, cultivate, and repair their comradeship as they move from an immigration office to their family house to neoliberal universities. Based on what we call the Other‐graphy as a new feminist method, this article argues that the global war on terror expands its reach as the humanitarian and neoliberal regimes of power recruit activists and academics to the fantasy of autonomous subjectivity posited against their possible political solidarity.
Decreased incidence of urinary tract infections in febrile infants aged ≤60 days during COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Orfanos Ioannis 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimTo investigate the incidence rate of urinary tract infections (UTIs) among febrile infants aged ≤60 days before, during, and after the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study in 2 Swedish paediatric emergency departments between 2014 and 2022. We included full‐term infants aged ≤60 days with fever without source. We calculated the annual incidence rate of UTI per 1000 births.ResultsWe included 1589 full‐term infants with fever without source. In 2020, 89 infants were evaluated in the emergency department versus 203–259 in 2017–2019. In 2020, the incidence rate of UTI was 1.43 per 1000 births/year versus 2.18–2.37 in 2017–2019. The median age, sex, fever duration, and urine testing were similar between the years 2017 and 2020.ConclusionThe number of febrile infants who presented to the paediatric emergency department and the incidence rate of UTIs decreased in 2020. This decrease might imply a systematic misdiagnosis of UTIs in infants with febrile viral infections. A more selective urine testing approach for febrile, previously healthy, infants should be considered to mitigate UTI misdiagnosis and its potential harmful effects.
Interpersonal sensitivity predicts slower change and less change in anxiety symptoms in cognitive behavioural therapy
Authors: Song Jiyoung , Freedman Genevieve , Li Letian , Persons Jacqueline B. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivesPatients in cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) who are high in interpersonal sensitivity may have difficulty fully engaging in treatment because therapy sessions require intimate interpersonal interactions that are especially uncomfortable for these individuals. The current study tests the hypotheses that patients who are high in interpersonal sensitivity benefit less from CBT for symptoms of depression and anxiety, show a slower rate of change in those symptoms, and are more likely to drop out of treatment.MethodsParticipants were 832 outpatients who received naturalistic CBT. We assessed interpersonal sensitivity before treatment began and depression and anxiety symptoms at every therapy session. We assessed early, premature, and uncollaborative termination after treatment ended. We constructed multilevel linear regression models and logistic regression models to assess the effects of baseline interpersonal sensitivity on the treatment outcome, the slope of change in depression and anxiety symptoms, and each type of dropout.ResultsHigher baseline interpersonal sensitivity was associated with a slower rate of change and less overall change in anxiety but not depressive symptoms. Baseline interpersonal sensitivity was not a predictor of dropout.ConclusionsInterpersonal sensitivity at baseline predicts less change and a slower rate of change in anxiety symptoms. Early detection of elevated interpersonal sensitivity can help therapists take action to address these barriers to successful treatment and help scientists build decision support tools that accurately predict the trajectory of change in anxiety symptoms for these patients.
Memory biases for gender‐typed images in a gender‐diverse group of children
Authors: Gülgöz Selin , Alonso Daniel J. , Olson Kristina R. , Martin Carol Lynn 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSelf‐socialization accounts of gender development suggest that children attend more to people of their own gender, activities associated with their own gender and stereotype‐consistent examples in their environment. Evidence comes from research showing children's memory biases for such stimuli. This study sought to replicate these memory biases in 367 6‐ to 11‐year‐old transgender, cisgender and nonbinary children. Children were shown stereotype‐consistent and counter‐stereotypical images related to feminine‐ and masculine‐typed activities performed by girls/women or boys/men. Results showed that transgender and cisgender children showed better recall for activities related to their own gender than the other gender. Neither group showed better recall for own‐gender characters, and transgender children better recalled other‐gender characters. None of the three groups better recalled stereotype‐consistent than counter‐stereotypical images in probed recall, although all groups showed better recall for counter‐stereotypical than stereotype‐consistent images in free recall. These findings provide partial support for self‐socialization accounts of gender development.
A complete oral regimen for induction therapy of patients with high‐risk APL: An oral etoposide instead of intravenous infusion for cytoreductive chemotherapy
Authors: Tang Fei‐Fei , Duan Wen‐Bing , Liu Xiao‐Hong , Lu Sheng‐Ye , Zhao Xiao‐Su , Qin Ya‐Zhen , Jia Jin‐Song , Wang Jing , Gong Li‐Zhong , Jiang Qian , Zhao Ting , Shi Hong‐Xia , Chang Ying‐Jun , Huang Xiao‐Jun , Jiang Hao 
Published: April 2024

SummaryThere is an urgent need for an oral, efficient and safe regimen for high‐risk APL under the pandemic of COVID‐19. We retrospectively analysed 60 high‐risk APL patients. For induction therapy (IT), in addition to all‐trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and oral arsenic (RIF), 22 patients received oral etoposide (VP16) as cytotoxic chemotherapy (CC), and 38 patients received intravenous CC as historical control group. The median dose of oral VP16 was 1000 mg [interquartile rage (IQR), 650–1250]. One patient died during IT in the control group, 59 evaluable patients (100%) achieved complete haematological remission (CHR) after IT and complete molecular remission (CMR) after consolidation therapy. The median time to CHR and CMR was 36 days (33.8–44) versus 35 days (32–42; p = 0.75) and 3 months (0.8–3.5) versus 3.3 months (2.4–3.7; p = 0.58) in the oral VP16 group and in the control group. Two (9.1%) and 3 (7.9%) patients experienced molecular relapse in different group respectively. The 2‐year estimated overall survival and event‐free survival were 100% versus 94.7% (p = 0.37) and 90.9% versus 89.5% (p = 0.97) respectively. A completely oral, efficient and safe induction regimen including oral VP16 as cytoreductive chemotherapy combined with ATRA and RIF is more convenient to administer for patients with high‐risk APL.
InsT‐ALLing CD7 chimeric antigen receptors before transplantation
Authors: Delgado Julio 
Published: April 2024

In their paper, the authors present their experience with the use of chimeric antigen receptor T cells targeting CD7 as a bridge to allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation in patients with relapsed/refractory T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia/lymphoblastic lymphoma.Commentary on: Cao et al. A safety and efficacy study of allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for refractory and relapsed T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia/lymphoblastic lymphoma patients who achieved complete remission after autologous CD7 chimeric antigen receptor T‐cell therapy. Br J Haematol 2024;204:2351‐2364.
Pairwise stochastic approximation for confirmatory factor analysis of categorical data
Authors: Alfonzetti Giuseppe , Bellio Ruggero , Chen Yunxiao , Moustaki Irini 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPairwise likelihood is a limited‐information method widely used to estimate latent variable models, including factor analysis of categorical data. It can often avoid evaluating high‐dimensional integrals and, thus, is computationally more efficient than relying on the full likelihood. Despite its computational advantage, the pairwise likelihood approach can still be demanding for large‐scale problems that involve many observed variables. We tackle this challenge by employing an approximation of the pairwise likelihood estimator, which is derived from an optimization procedure relying on stochastic gradients. The stochastic gradients are constructed by subsampling the pairwise log‐likelihood contributions, for which the subsampling scheme controls the per‐iteration computational complexity. The stochastic estimator is shown to be asymptotically equivalent to the pairwise likelihood one. However, finite‐sample performance can be improved by compounding the sampling variability of the data with the uncertainty introduced by the subsampling scheme. We demonstrate the performance of the proposed method using simulation studies and two real data applications.
The oxytocin antagonist cligosiban reduces human prostate contractility: Implications for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia
Authors: Bester Beatrix , Koslowa Kristina , Gronau Ann‐Catherine , Mietens Andrea , Nowell Cameron , Whittaker Michael R. , Pilatz Adrian , Wagenlehner Florian , Exintaris Betty , Middendorff Ralf 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground and PurposeWith increasing life expectancy, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) consequently affects more ageing men, illustrating the urgent need for advancements in BPH therapy. One emerging possibility may be the use of oxytocin antagonists to relax smooth muscle cells in the prostate, similar to the currently used (although often associated with side effects) α1‐adrenoceptor blockers.Experimental ApproachFor the first time we used live‐imaging, combined with a novel image analysis method, to investigate the multidirectional contractions of the human prostate and determine their changes in response to oxytocin and the oxytocin antagonists atosiban and cligosiban. Human prostate samples were obtained and compared from patients undergoing prostatectomy due to prostate cancer as well as from patients with transurethral resection of prostate tissue due to severe BPH.Key ResultsThe two cohorts of tissue samples showed spontaneous multidirectional contractions, which significantly increased after the addition of oxytocin. Different to atosiban, which showed ambiguous effects of short duration, only long‐acting cligosiban reliably prevented, as well as counteracted, any contractile oxytocin effect. Furthermore, cligosiban visibly reduced not only oxytocin‐induced contractions, but also showed intrinsic activity to relax prostatic tissue.Conclusion and implicationsThus, the oxytocin antagonist cligosiban could be an interesting candidate in the search for novel BPH treatment options.
In‐depth immune profiling of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma reveals discriminative immune subpopulations
Authors: Rodriguez Ernesto , Zwart Eline S. , Affandi Alsya A. , Verhoeff Jan , de Kok Mike , Boyd Lenka N. C. , Meijer Laura L. , Le Large Tessa Y. S. , Olesek Katarzyna , Giovannetti Elisa , García‐Vallejo Juan J. , Mebius Reina E. , van Kooyk Yvette , Kazemier Geert 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a dismal prognosis with a 5‐year survival of less than 10%. More knowledge of the immune response developed in patients with PDAC is pivotal to develop better combination immune therapies to improve clinical outcome. In this study, we used mass cytometry time‐of‐flight to undertake an in‐depth characterization of PBMCs from patients with PDAC and examine the differences with healthy controls and patients with benign diseases of the biliary system or pancreas. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with PDAC or benign disease are characterized by the increase of pro‐inflammatory cells, as CD86+ classical monocytes and memory T cells expressing CCR6+ and CXCR3+, associated with T helper 1 (Th1) and Th17 immune responses, respectively. However, PBMCs from patients with PDAC present also an increase of CD39+ regulatory T cells and CCR4+CCR6−CXCR3− memory T cells, suggesting Th2 and regulatory responses. Concluding, our results show PDAC develops a multifaceted immunity, where a proinflammatory component is accompanied by regulatory responses, which could inhibit potential antitumor mechanisms.
Adrenergic microenvironment driven by cancer‐associated Schwann cells contributes to chemoresistance in patients with lung cancer
Authors: Otani Yusuke , Katayama Haruyoshi , Zhu Yidan , Huang Rongsheng , Shigehira Takafumi , Shien Kazuhiko , Suzawa Ken , Yamamoto Hiromasa , Shien Tadahiko , Toyooka Shinichi , Fujimura Atsushi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDoublecortin (DCX)‐positive neural progenitor‐like cells are purported components of the cancer microenvironment. The number of DCX‐positive cells in tissues reportedly correlates with cancer progression; however, little is known about the mechanism by which these cells affect cancer progression. Here we demonstrated that DCX‐positive cells, which are found in all major histological subtypes of lung cancer, are cancer‐associated Schwann cells (CAS) and contribute to the chemoresistance of lung cancer cells by establishing an adrenergic microenvironment. Mechanistically, the activation of the Hippo transducer YAP/TAZ was involved in the acquisition of new traits of CAS and DCX positivity. We further revealed that CAS express catecholamine‐synthesizing enzymes and synthesize adrenaline, which potentiates the chemoresistance of lung cancer cells through the activation of YAP/TAZ. Our findings shed light on CAS, which drive the formation of an adrenergic microenvironment by the reciprocal regulation of YAP/TAZ in lung cancer tissues.
Near‐infrared photoimmunotherapy targeting PD‐L1: Improved efficacy by preconditioning the tumor microenvironment
Authors: Inagaki Fuyuki F. , Kano Makoto , Furusawa Aki , Kato Takuya , Okada Ryuhei , Fukushima Hiroshi , Takao Seiichiro , Okuyama Shuhei , Choyke Peter L. , Kobayashi Hisataka 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNear‐infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR‐PIT) is a new type of cancer therapy that employs antibody‐IRDye700DX conjugates (AbPCs) and near‐infrared (NIR) light at a wavelength of 689 nm, the excitation wavelength of IR700. Administered intravenously, injected AbPCs bind specifically to cells expressing the target antigen, whereupon NIR light exposure causes rapid, selective killing. This process induces an anticancer T cell response, leading to sustained anticancer host immune response. Programmed cell death ligand‐1 (PD‐L1) is a major inhibitory immune checkpoint molecule expressed in various cancers. In this study, we first assessed the efficacy of PD‐L1‐targeted NIR‐PIT (αPD‐L1‐PIT) in immune‐competent tumor mouse models. αPD‐L1‐PIT showed a significant therapeutic effect on the tumor models with high PD‐L1 expression. Furthermore, αPD‐L1‐PIT induced an abscopal effect on distant tumors and long‐term immunological memory. In contrast, αPD‐L1‐PIT was not as effective for tumor models with low PD‐L1 expression. To improve the efficacy of PD‐L1‐targeted NIR‐PIT, PEGylated interferon‐gamma (IFNγ) was administered with αPD‐L1‐PIT. The combination therapy improved the treatment efficacy by increasing PD‐L1 expression leading to more efficient cell killing by αPD‐L1‐PIT. Furthermore, the PEGylated IFNγ led to a CD8+ T cell‐dominant tumor microenvironment (TME) with an enhanced anticancer T cell response after αPD‐L1‐PIT. As a result, even so‐called cold tumors exhibited complete responses after αPD‐L1‐PIT. Thus, combination therapy of PEGylated IFNγ and PD‐L1‐targeted NIR‐PIT has the potential to be an important future strategy for cancer immunotherapy.
Diosmetin derivatives as multifunctional anti‐AD ligands: Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation
Authors: Yang Aihong , Yi Xiaoyue , Zhang Hongwei , Shen Rui , Kou Xiaodi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWith the increasing aging population, rational design of drugs for Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatment has become an important research area. Based on the multifunctional design strategy, four diosmetin derivatives (1–4) were designed, synthesized, and characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and MS. Docking study was firstly applied to substantiate the design strategies and then the biological activities including cholinesterase inhibition, metal chelation, antioxidation and β‐amyloid (Aβ) aggregation inhibition in vitro were evaluated. The results showed that 1–4 had good acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) inhibition, metal chelation (selective chelation of Cu2+ ions), antioxidation, self‐induced, Cu2+‐induced, and AChE‐induced Aβ aggregation inhibition activities, and suitable blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability. Especially, compound 3 had the strongest inhibitory effect on AChE (10−8 M magnitude) and BuChE (10−7 M magnitude) and showed the best inhibition on AChE‐induced Aβ aggregation with 66.14% inhibition ratio. Furthermore, compound 3 could also reduce intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in Caenorhabditis elegans and had lower cytotoxicity. In summary, 3 might be considered as a potential multifunctional anti‐AD ligand.
Polysensitisation is associated with more severe symptoms: The reality of patients with allergy
Authors: Cacheiro‐Llaguno Cristina , Mösges Ralph , Calzada David , González‐de la Fuente Sandra , Quintero Eliana , Carnés Jerónimo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundStudying the sensitisation profiles of patients with allergies allows for a deeper understanding of the disease which may facilitate the selection of the best‐personalised allergen immunotherapy. This observational, cross‐sectional, multicentre study aimed to demonstrate the heterogeneity of the German population with allergies by analysing specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) patterns towards aeroallergens and exploring the relationship between sensitisation and clinical symptoms.MethodsIn total, 500 patients with allergies from different regions of Germany were recruited based on their case histories, clinical allergic symptoms and skin prick test data for aeroallergens. Serum samples were analysed using ImmunoCAP assays to determine sIgE levels for 33 allergenic sources and 43 molecular allergens.ResultsMost patients (81%) were polysensitised. Betula verrucosa pollen was the most common cause of sensitisation (59%), followed by Phleum pratense (58%) and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (44%). The highest prevalence rates of molecular allergens were observed for Bet v 1 (84%) from birch pollen, Phl p 1 from grass pollen (82%), Der p 2 (69%) from mites and Fel d 1 (69%) from cat. Polysensitisation was significantly associated with the presence of asthma and the severity of rhinitis symptoms.ConclusionsOur findings show a high rate of polysensitisation and emphasise the importance of molecular diagnosis for more precise and comprehensive insights into sensitisation patterns and their association with clinical symptoms. These data may help improve personalised diagnosis and immunotherapy adapted to the needs of individual patients in the region.