bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Messung des Bildungspotentials von flüssigem AgCl in der Schmelze mit KCl bzw. KCl, LiCl und Berechnung seiner thermodynamischen Exzeßeigenschaften
Authors: Giazitzoglou Z. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractIn order to carry out electromotive force measurements in molten chlorides at temperatures up to 850°C a reversible formation cell using a chlorine/chloride reference electrode of graphite was constructed. The formation potential of molten AgCl in liquid mixture with KCl and with KCl, LiCl depending on temperature was determined for several concentrations. The excess properties of the binary system AgCl, KCl were calculated. An analytical thermodynamical description of the ternary system AgCl, KCl, LiCl was made by means of literature data for the appropriate binary systems employing the Redlich‐Kister equation for the integral excess free energy. The results achieved thereby were verified by the measurements made in this work.
A Reinvestigation of the Effect of Pressure on the Reaction of Fe(III) with Thiocyanate Ions in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Doss R. , van Eldik R. , Kelm H. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe effect of pressure on the reaction between Fe(III) and NCS− ions was reinvestigated using a recently constructed high‐pressure Joule‐heating temperature‐jump instrument. The results differ significantly from those reported by Jost [1], and the volumes of activation for the reactions of Fe(OH2)63+ and Fe(OH2)5OH2+ with NCS− are 6.7 ± 0.4 and ∼0 cm3 mol−1, respectively, at 20°C. The pressure dependences of the Fe(OH2)33+/Fe(OH2)5OH2+ and Fe(OH2)63+, NCS−/Fe(OH2)5NCS2+ equilibria are in good agreement with earlier findings. The significance of the results are discussed in reference to recent data on the solvent exchange and substitution reactions of Fe(III).
Thermodynamic Investigations on Menshutkin Complexes IV. Complex Formation in Liquid SbCl3/Benzene Mixtures
Authors: Sondern Chr. , Perkampus H.‐H. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractOn the basis of a simple chemical model complex formation equilibria have been evaluated using recently measured thermodynamic excess functions of SbCl3/benzene mixtures. Assuming the presence of solved SbCl3 ‐ benzene and 2SbCl3 ‐ benzene complexes, the following thermodynamic data for the formation of liquid complexes from pure liquid components were calculated: (T = 350 K)ΔH ≈ ΔH ≈ − 23.5 kJ mol−1; ΔS ≈ ΔS ≈ − 70 JK−1; mol−1
Development and validation of a rapid RP‐HPLC method for analysis of (−)‐copalic acid in copaíba oleoresin
Authors: Souza Ariana Borges , Moreira Monique Rodrigues , Borges Carly Henrique Gambeta , Simão Marília Rodrigues , Bastos Jairo Kenupp , de Sousa João Paulo Barreto , Ambrosio Sérgio Ricardo , Veneziani Rodrigo Cassio Sola 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTThe Copaifera species (Leguminoseae) are popularly known as ‘copaíba’ or ‘copaíva’ and are grown in the states of Amazonas, Pará and Ceará in northern Brazil. The oleoresins obtained from these species have been extensively used owing to their pharmacological potential and their application in cosmetic and pharmaceutical preparations. In the present study, the development and validation of a novel, rapid and efficient RP‐HPLC methodology for the analysis of the diterpene (−)‐copalic acid (CA), pointed out as the only chemical marker of the Copaifera genus, are described. The regression equation (Y = 26,707x − 29,498) was obtained with good linearity (r2 = 0.9993) and the limits of quantification and detection were 9.182 and 3.032 µg/mL, respectively. The precision and the accuracy of the method were adequate (lower than 4%). Finally, the validation parameters evaluated were satisfactorily met, so the developed method represents a suitable tool for application in the quality control of such natural products. Further studies aiming to develop analytical methodologies for each Copaifera species using a more representative number of chemical markers should be performed. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Neural stimulation on human bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells by extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields
Authors: Cho Hyunjin , Seo Young‐Kwon , Yoon Hee‐Hoon , Kim Soo‐Chan , Kim Sung‐Min , Song Kye‐Yong , Park Jung‐Keug 
Published: July 2012

AbstractAdult stem cells are considered multipotent. Especially, human bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM‐MSCs) have the potential to differentiate into nerve type cells. Electromagnetic fields (EMFs) are widely distributed in the environment, and recently there have been many reports on the biological effects of EMFs. hBM‐MSCs are weak and sensitive pluripotent stem cells, therefore extremely low frequency‐electromagnetic fields (ELF‐EMFs) could be affect the changes of biological functions within the cells. In our experiments, ELF‐EMFs inhibited the growth of hBM‐MSCs in 12 days exposure. Their gene level was changed and expression of the neural stem cell marker like nestin was decreased but the neural cell markers like MAP2, NEUROD1, NF‐L, and Tau were induced. In immunofluorescence study, we confirmed the expression of each protein of neural cells. And also both oligodendrocyte and astrocyte related proteins like O4 and GFAP were expressed by ELF‐EMFs. We suggest that EMFs can induce neural differentiation in BM‐MSCs without any chemicals or differentiation factors. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2012
Ultrasound‐guided thrombin–gelatin injection is effective for the treatment of iatrogenic femoral artery pseudoaneurysms: Initial results
Authors: Santos Miguel Borges , Silva Sergio , Bettencourt Vitor , Teles Rui Campante , Almeida Manuel Sousa , Medeiros Duarte , Silva Jose Aniceto 
Published: July 2012

ObjectivesTo describe the technique of ultrasound (US)‐guided percutaneous thrombin–gelatin injection for the treatment of femoral artery pseudoaneurysms (FAPs).BackgroundFAPs are a possible complication from percutaneous angiographic procedures. US‐guided thrombin injection is currently the preferential therapeutic option, limited by a low risk of potentially catastrophic femoral thrombosis; transluminal injection of collagen is another effective and safe option, although a more invasive one; surgical repair is associated with significant comorbidity. We hypothesized that US‐guided combined thrombin and gelatin injection (UG‐TGI) would also be effective while minimizing the risk of limb thrombosis.MethodsReview of the results, complications and length of hospital admission after the injection into the FAP sac of combined human‐origin thrombin and bovine‐origin gelatin matrix (FloSeal®, Baxter), under direct US‐guidance.ResultsWe treated 13 patients (mean age 64 ± 9.46 years, 38% male), who developed a FAP following a percutaneous procedure: isolated coronariography in five (38%); angioplasty in four (31%); other cardiac procedures in four (31%). Immediate success was obtained in all (100%) patients, assessed by US; no allergic reactions, local infection, or embolic events occurred on 30‐day follow‐up. Median (interquartile range) admission time after the UG‐TGI was 2 days (1.25–2.0); median time of total admission was 8 days (6.5–16.25).ConclusionsIn this small study, UG‐TGI for the treatment of FAP was feasible and had short‐term effectiveness, without a learning curve effect. Despite the need for further experience, a trial comparing different therapies for FAP should include this procedure. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Evaluation of asynchronous multi‐swarm particle optimization on several topologies
Authors: de Campos Arion , Pozo Aurora T.R. , Duarte Elias P. 
Published: July 2012

SUMMARYParticle swarm optimization is a population‐based stochastic optimization technique that is easy to implement and has been successfully applied in many areas. However, its performance often deteriorates as the dimensionality of the problem increases. Recently, parallel strategies based on multiple swarms (multi‐swarm) have been investigated as an alternative to overcome this problem. In this paper, we evaluate the impact of the topology on multi‐swarm systems, considering that swarms are independent, and interact by means of particle migration. We focus on asynchronous communication, that is, only when an improvement occurs on the best particle that the solution migrates among swarms. The goal is to check how different communication strategies affect the parallel execution of the optimization tasks. Several different topologies and communication strategies have been evaluated, including broadcast and gossip on fully connected networks, unidirectional and bidirectional rings, hypercubes, and a dynamic topology. Extensive experimental results were obtained and are reported using several traditional benchmark functions. We evaluated the impact of the topologies in terms of the number of iterations and the communication overhead. With the results, a ranking of the different topologies is presented. The impact of the number of swarms on the optimization process is also evaluated. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A review of analytical strategies for the detection of ‘endogenous’ steroid abuse in food production
Authors: Scarth J. P. , Kay J. , Teale P. , Akre C. , Le Bizec B. , De Brabander H. F. , Vanhaecke L. , Van Ginkel L. , Points J. 
Published: July 2012

Detection of the abuse of synthetic steroids in food production is nowadays relatively straightforward using modern techniques such as gas or liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC‐MS/MS or LC‐MS/MS, respectively). However, proving the abuse of ‘endogenous’ (or naturally occurring) steroids is more difficult. Despite these difficulties, significant progress in this area has recently been made and a number of methods are now available.The aim of the current review was to systematically review the available analytical approaches, which include threshold concentrations, qualitative ‘marker’ metabolites, intact steroid esters, gas chromatography‐combustion‐isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC‐C‐IRMS), longitudinal testing and ‘omics’ biomarker profiling. The advantages/disadvantages of these methods are considered in detail, but the choice of which to adopt is dictated by a number of practical, political, and economic factors, which vary in different parts of the world. These include the steroid/species combination requiring analysis, the matrix tested, whether samples are collected from live or slaughtered animals, available analytical instrumentation, sample throughput/cost, and the relevant legal/regulatory frameworks. Furthermore, these approaches could be combined in a range of different parallel and/or sequential screening/confirmatory testing streams, with the final choice being determined by the aforementioned considerations.Despite these advances, more work is required to refine the different techniques and to respond to the ever increasing list of compounds classified as ‘endogenous’. At this advanced stage, however, it is now more important than ever for scientists and regulators from across the world to communicate and collaborate in order to harmonize and streamline research efforts. © 2012 HFL Sport Science (LGC Ltd) and © Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada.
Conformational Studies of Dodecanolactone by Dynamic NMR Spectroscopy and Computational Methods
Authors: Gill Gurvinder , Pawar Diwakar M. , Noe Eric A. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractLow‐temperature carbon NMR spectra of dodecanolactone (1), the parent 13‐membered lactone, showed the presence of two conformations, with populations of 55.5 and 44.5 % at –164.2 °C. Populations were estimated at the coalescence temperature of –151.9 °C for the carbonyl carbon atoms, and rate constants of 172.1 and 141.1 s–1 were obtained by lineshape matching. The corresponding free‐energy barriers were 5.63 and 5.68 kcal/mol. A search of conformational space was made with Allinger's MM4 program, and the conformations found were numbered 1a–m in order of increasing steric energies. Ab initio calculations (HF/6‐311G* level) of chemical shifts and of free energies at –150 °C predict that the major conformation is 1b and the minor conformation is 1a.
Amphiphilic DNA Duplex Stabilized by a Hydrophobic Zipper
Authors: Dohno Chikara , Shibata Tomonori , Okazaki Masatsugu , Makishi Shingo , Nakatani Kazuhiko 
Published: July 2012

AbstractWe have synthesized a new amphiphilic DNA containing an internal hydrophobic region consisting of dodecyl phosphotriester linkages (dod‐DNA). dod‐DNAs of any arbitrary sequence can be synthesized by standard automated solid‐phase synthesis using a set of nucleoside dodecyl phosphoramidites. Although replacement of a phosphodiester linkage with the hydrophobic phosphotriester linkage tended to decrease the thermodynamic stability of the duplex, when multiple dodecyl groups were introduced into both strands of a DNA duplex in a face‐to‐face arrangement, the resulting duplex was strongly stabilized by the interstrand hydrophobic interaction. The hydrophobic zipper formation provides a tightly associated, electroneutral, and highly hydrophobic region in the originally hydrophilic DNA duplex. As the hydrophobic properties can be adjusted by varying the encoded sequence, dod‐DNA is an easy‐to‐design amphiphilic molecule for controllable vesicles and membrane biotechnology.
Can complex visual discrimination deficits in amnesia be attributed to the medial temporal lobe? An investigation into the effects of medial temporal lobe damage on brain connectivity
Authors: Rudebeck Sarah R. , Filippini Nicola , Lee Andy C.H. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractIt has been suggested that complex visual discrimination deficits in patients with medial temporal lobe (MTL) damage may be explained by damage or dysfunction beyond the MTL. We examined the resting functional networks and white matter connectivity of two amnesic patients who have consistently demonstrated discrimination impairments for complex object and/or spatial stimuli across a number of studies. Although exploratory analyses revealed some significant differences in comparison with neurologically healthy controls (more specifically in the patient with a larger MTL lesion), there were no obvious findings involving posterior occipital or posterior temporal regions, which can account entirely for their discrimination deficits. These findings converge with previous work to support the suggestion that the MTL does not subserve long‐term declarative memory exclusively. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Long‐term trend of thyroid cancer risk among Japanese atomic‐bomb survivors: 60 years after exposure
Authors: Furukawa Kyoji , Preston Dale , Funamoto Sachiyo , Yonehara Shuji , Ito Masahiro , Tokuoka Shoji , Sugiyama Hiromi , Soda Midori , Ozasa Kotaro , Mabuchi Kiyohiko 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThyroid cancer risk following exposure to ionizing radiation in childhood and adolescence is a topic of public concern. To characterize the long‐term temporal trend and age‐at‐exposure variation in the radiation‐induced risk of thyroid cancer, we analyzed thyroid cancer incidence data for the period from 1958 through 2005 among 105,401 members of the Life Span Study cohort of Japanese atomic‐bomb survivors. During the follow‐up period, 371 thyroid cancer cases (excluding those with microcarcinoma with a diameter <10 mm) were identified as a first primary among the eligible subjects. Using a linear dose–response model, the excess relative risk of thyroid cancer at 1 Gy of radiation exposure was estimated as 1.28 (95% confidence interval: 0.59–2.70) at age 60 after acute exposure at age 10. The risk decreased sharply with increasing age‐at‐exposure and there was little evidence of increased thyroid cancer rates for those exposed after age 20. About 36% of the thyroid cancer cases among those exposed before age 20 were estimated to be attributable to radiation exposure. While the magnitude of the excess risk has decreased with increasing attained age or time since exposure, the excess thyroid cancer risk associated with childhood exposure has persisted for >50 years after exposure.
Shear bond strength of repairs in porcelain conditioned with laser
Authors: Pedrazzi Hamilton , Takeuchi Cristina Yoshie Garcia , Cioffi Sabrina Spinelli , Galvão Marília Regalado , De Andrade Marcelo Ferrarezi , Bezzon Osvaldo Luiz 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength of repairs in porcelain conditioned with laser. Sixty porcelain discs were made and six groups were formed (n = 10): G1: conditioning with laser with potency 760 mW; G2: conditioning with laser with potency 760 mW and application of 37% phosphoric acid for 15 s; G3: conditioning with laser with potency 900 mW; G4: conditioning with laser with potency 900 mW and application of 37% phosphoric acid for 15 s; G5: application of 37% phosphoric acid for 15 s (group control) and G6: application of 10% hydrofluoric acid for 2 min. The composite resin was insert of incremental layers at the porcelain surface aided with a metal matrix, and photoactivation for 20 s each increment. The specimens were submitted to a thermal cycling by 1000 cycles of 30 s in each bath with temperature between 5 and 55°C. After the thermal cycling, specimens were submitted to the shear bond strength. The results were evaluated statistically through analysis of variance and Tukey's tests with 5% significance. The averages and standard deviation founded were: G1, 11.25 (±3.10); G2, 12.32 (±2.65); G3, 14.02 (±2.38); G4, 13.44 (±2,07); G5, 9.91 (±2,18); G6, 12.74 (±2.67). The results showed that the femtosecond laser produced a shear bond strength of repairs in porcelain equal to the hydrofluoric acid and significantly superior to the use of phosphoric acid. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Conjoint Analysis of Tourist Choice of Hotel Attributes Presented in Travel Agent Brochures
Authors: Huertas‐Garcia Rubén , Laguna García Marta , Consolación Carolina 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTThe purposes of this study are to demonstrate how it is possible to determine which attributes are the most important in the final choices of tourists who use a travel agent brochure as a source of information and how these attributes influence perceived value in a pre‐purchase stage. We conduct the study in three phases: (i) a qualitative study, (ii) an experiment using choice‐based conjoint analysis by means of a fractional factorial experimental design and (iii) another experiment using a full factorial derived from the same design. Results suggest advertisement size, a hotel's starred rating and price influence perceived value at this stage. The presence of a positive combined effect of price and advertising was found. Implications and directions for future applications are offered, focusing particularly on marketing services. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transcriptomic analysis by RNA‐seq reveals AP‐1 pathway as key regulator that green tea may rely on to inhibit lung tumorigenesis
Authors: Pan Jing , Zhang Qi , Xiong Donghai , Vedell Peter , Yan Ying , Jiang Hui , Cui Peng , Ding Feng , Tichelaar Jay W. , Wang Yian , Lubet Ronald A. , You Ming 
Published: July 2012

AbstractGreen tea is a promising chemopreventive agent for lung cancer. Multiple signaling events have been reported, however, the relative importance of these mechanisms in mediating the chemopreventive function of green tea is unclear. In the present study, to examine the involvement of AP‐1 in green tea polyphenols induced tumor inhibition, human NSCLC cell line H1299 and mouse SPON 10 cells were identified as AP‐1 dependent, as these two lines exhibit high constitutive AP‐1 activity, and when TAM67 expression was induced with doxycycline, cell growth was inhibited and correlated with suppressed AP‐1 activity. RNA‐seq was used to determine the global transcriptional effects of AP‐1 inhibition and also uncover the possible involvement of AP‐1 in tea polyphenols induced chemoprevention. TAM67 mediated changes in gene expression were identified, and within down‐regulated genes, AP‐1 was identified as a key transcription regulator. RNA‐seq analysis revealed that Polyphenon E‐treated cells shared 293 commonly down‐regulated genes within TAM67 expressing H1299 cells, and by analysis of limited Chip‐seq data, over 10% of the down‐regulated genes contain a direct AP‐1 binding site, indicating that Polyphenon E elicits chemopreventive activity by regulating AP‐1 target genes. Conditional TAM67 expressing transgenic mice and NSCLC cell lines were used to further confirm that the chemopreventive activity of green tea is AP‐1 dependent. Polyphenon E lost its chempreventive function both in vitro and in vivo when AP‐1 was inhibited, indicating that AP‐1 inhibition is a major pathway through which green tea exhibits chemopreventive effects. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Bearing capacity of strip footings on spatially random soils using sparse polynomial chaos expansion
Authors: Al‐Bittar Tamara , Soubra Abdul‐Hamid 
Published: July 2012

SUMMARYA probabilistic model is presented to compute the probability density function (PDF) of the ultimate bearing capacity of a strip footing resting on a spatially varying soil. The soil cohesion and friction angle were considered as two anisotropic cross‐correlated non‐Gaussian random fields. The deterministic model was based on numerical simulations. An efficient uncertainty propagation methodology that makes use of a non‐intrusive approach to build up a sparse polynomial chaos expansion for the system response was employed. The probabilistic numerical results were presented in the case of a weightless soil. Sobol indices have shown that the variability of the ultimate bearing capacity is mainly due to the soil cohesion. An increase in the coefficient of variation of a soil parameter (c or φ) increases its Sobol index, this increase being more significant for the friction angle. The negative correlation between the soil shear strength parameters decreases the response variability. The variability of the ultimate bearing capacity increases with the increase in the coefficients of variation of the random fields, the increase being more significant for the cohesion parameter. The decrease in the autocorrelation distances may lead to a smaller variability of the ultimate bearing capacity. Finally, the probabilistic mean value of the ultimate bearing capacity presents a minimum. This minimum is obtained in the isotropic case when the autocorrelation distance is nearly equal to the footing breadth. However, for the anisotropic case, this minimum is obtained at a given value of the ratio between the horizontal and vertical autocorrelation distances. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Asynchronous fault detection filter design approach for discrete‐time switched linear systems
Authors: Li Jian , Yang Guang‐Hong 
Published: July 2012

SUMMARYThis paper is concerned with the problem of the fault detection filter design for discrete‐time switched linear systems with average dwell‐time. The designed fault detection filters are also switched systems, which are assumed to be asynchronously switched with the original switched systems. Improved results on the weighted l2 performance and the H −  performance are first given, and the multiple Lyaounov‐like functions during matched period and unmatched period for the running time of one subsystem are used. By the aid of multiple Lyapunov‐like functions combined with Projection Lemma, the FD filters are designed such that the augmented systems under asynchronous switching are exponentially stable, and the residual signal generated by the filters achieves the weighted l2‐gain for disturbances and guarantees the H −  performance for faults. Sufficient conditions are formulated by linear matrix inequalities, and the filter gains are characterized in terms of the solution of a convex optimization problem. Finally, examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed design method. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.