bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Conception of Cultural Space Revitalization as a Way to Increase Downtown Attractiveness. A Case Study of Chosen Medium-Sized Towns in the Wielkopolska Region
Authors: Pazder Dominika 
Published: December 2011

The Conception of Cultural Space Revitalization as a Way to Increase Downtown Attractiveness. A Case Study of Chosen Medium-Sized Towns in the Wielkopolska Region
This paper deals with chosen aspects of revitalization within the downtown area of Polish medium-sized towns. The author underlines the necessity of introducing a mixed-use offer in the city centre. Not only commerce and services, but also cultural functions and values should be promoted in the contemporary city centre. Therefore the idea is presented of turning the downtown public space into a single, homogeneous and integrated spatial-functional system. The system is to introduce cultural functions on the basis of so-called cultural space, which is defined here as a specific kind of public space of historical or cultural value, or that has the potential to develop this kind of new functions.
Development and Fabrication of TiO2 Tip Arrays for Gas Sensing
Authors: Hotový Ivan , Kostič Ivan , HAščík Štefan , ŘEháček Vlastimil , Liday Jozef , Sitter Helmut 
Published: December 2011

Development and Fabrication of TiO2Tip Arrays for Gas SensingTitanium oxide thin films were deposited at room temperature by reactive magnetron sputtering in a mixture of oxygen and argon on oxidized silicon substrates. The optimal etching characteristics of TiO2films by reactive ion etching (RIE) and RIE with inductively coupled plasma source (ICP) were investigated. Patterning of TiO2tip arrays by electron beam lithography and dry etching were developed. Different spot sizes 200 and 500 nm in diameter and with spacing 500 and 1000 nm were investigated with regards to the minimal size and the pyramidal shape. Experimental results have shown that the exposure dose optimization wa a significant parameter for controlling the tip size and its shape. We successfully fabricated the pyramidal TiO2tip arrays over an 1 × 1 mm2area. The TiO2tip array can be expected to have an important application in gas microsensors.
The Development of Stereophonic Sound in Slovakia
Authors: Brezina Pavol 
Published: December 2011

The Development of Stereophonic Sound in SlovakiaThe development of stereophonic sound in Slovakia in the late sixties had a profound impact on the quality of recorded music in all areas of artificial and non-artificial music and it also played an important role in composing music for radio plays. However, the Czechoslovak Radio in Bratislava was at that time the only technically equipped institute in Slovakia where a stereophonic record could be created. Therefore our research studies have particularly been concerned with examining the archives of this institution as well as the valuable information on implementation of the recordings we have collected through interviews with the former staff of the broadcasting organization. Our research focuses for the first time on the period of the beginnings of stereophonic sound in Slovakia, hence the purpose of this article is to summarize the research results.
A Note on Development of a Low-cost and High-throughput SSR-based Genotyping Method in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Authors: Fountain Jake , Qin Hongde , Chen Charles , Dang Phat , Wang Ming Li , Guo Baozhu 
Published: December 2011

ABSTRACT
Peanut cultivar development has been dominated by conventional breeding methods, which have and will continue to play an important role. Applications of marker-assisted selection (MAS) have been used in peanut breeding selection but the cost of genotyping is still a considerable factor. The objective of this study was to introduce a simple, low-cost, and high-throughput protocol for peanut community. The developed system was based on a smaller (10.5 cm in length) polyacrylamide gel size system to separate PCR amplified DNA fragments and silver staining to visualize the bands. This system is very easy to operate, having one electrophoresis unit holds two vertical 52-sample gels, and the cost for purchasing the unit is less than $200. For instance, the electrophoresis runs about 1 hr and 40 min at 180 V for 9% polyacrylamide gel to separate small to medium sized DNA bands (&lt; 500 bp) or 1 hr and 20 min at 160 V for 6% polyacrylamide gel preferably for larger band separation (≥ 500 bp), but the gel concentrations and running times could be adjusted according to the polymorphic banding patterns and sizes to mitigate the drawback of this system of small gel-size. The silver staining takes about 30 min. After staining, the gels are placed on a light-box for genotype scoring and then photographed using a digital camera. The cost per gel is estimated at $0.54 and the cost for silver staining is estimated at $0.37. Therefore, the cost could be as low as $0.018 per data point, excluding PCR reaction and DNA preparation cost. A scientist has the potential to generate over 1,200 data points per day. This method has been used in the construction of a peanut genetic linkage map and QTL studies in our laboratory in conjunction with other methods.
Diversification of the American bulb‐bearing Oxalis (Oxalidaceae): Dispersal to North America and modification of the tristylous breeding system
Authors: Gardner Andrew G. , Vaio Magdalena , Guerra Marcelo , Emshwiller Eve 
Published: December 2011

• Premise of the study: The American bulb‐bearing Oxalis (Oxalidaceae) have diverse heterostylous breeding systems and are distributed in mountainous areas from Patagonia to the northeastern United States. To study the evolutionary processes leading to this diversity, we constructed the first molecular phylogeny for the American bulb‐bearing Oxalis and used it to infer biogeographic history and breeding system evolution.• Methods: We used DNA sequence data (nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer, trnL‐trnL‐trnF, trnT‐trnL, and psbJ‐petA) to infer phylogenetic history via parsimony, likelihood, and Bayesian analyses. We used Bayes Multistate to infer ancestral geographic distributions at well‐supported nodes of the phylogeny. The Shimodaira‐Hasegawa (SH) test distinguished among hypotheses of single or multiple transitions from South America to North America, and tristyly to distyly.• Key results: The American bulb‐bearing Oxalis include sampled members of sections Ionoxalis and Pseudobulbosae and are derived from a larger clade that includes members of sections Palmatifoliae, Articulatae, and the African species. The American bulb‐bearing Oxalis comprise two clades: one distributed in SE South America and the other in the Andes and North America. An SH test supports multiple dispersals to North America. Most sampled distylous species form a single clade, but at least two other independent distylous lineages are supported by the topologies and SH tests.• Conclusions: Phylogenetic results suggest the American bulb‐bearing Oxalis originated in southern South America, dispersed repeatedly to North America, and had multiple transitions from tristyly to distyly. This study adds to our understanding of biogeographic history and breeding system evolution and provides a foundation for more precise inferences about the study group.
Parenthood and the Structuring of Time among Urban Households in Northern Italy
Authors: Ghezzi Simone 
Published: December 2011

Résumé Parentalité et temporalités dans des foyers urbains dans l’Italie du Nord Le thème principal de cet article a pris forme en réfléchissant à un sujet récurrent, bien qu’inattendu – la compression du temps familial –, constamment mentionné par nos interlocuteurs lors du travail de terrain conduit dans deux sites italiens (urbain et semi-urbain). Plusieurs d’entre eux se plaignaient du temps que prenait l’enquête kass sur leur temps quotidien. Les parents comme les époux, et même les enfants, tenaient des discours très particuliers qui dominaient la discussion dès lors que nous abordions la question du temps. C’est dans ce contexte que nous avons commencé à explorer la structuration du temps parmi les différents membres de la famille.
Kinship, Community and Care: Rural-Urban Contrasts in Croatia
Authors: Leutloff-Grandits Carolin 
Published: December 2011

Résumé Parenté, communauté, entraide : différences entre la ville et la campagne en Croatie Fondé sur un double terrain croate, urbain et rural, cet article analyse le rôle des parents dans la Croatie d’après le socialisme. En dépit de points communs, comme la proximité résidentielle de la proche famille et l’importance de la parentèle, deux rationalités distinctes sont en fait à l’œuvre. Dans le complexe urbain de Travno, la proximité spatiale des proches parents permet l’entraide intra-familiale, ce qui facilite l’ajustement des familles aux nouvelles demandes de flexibilité de la vie professionnelle et aux jeunes femmes d’entrer sur le marché du travail. En milieu rural, où l’emploi est plus limité, la proximité et les valeurs familiales conduisent les femmes à rester à la maison ou à s’impliquer dans une agriculture de subsistance. Celles qui ne se plient pas à ce modèle émigrent. L’importance croissante des fêtes marquant les étapes du cycle de la vie familiale, au cours desquelles se renforcent les réseaux superposés de parenté, de voisinage, d’amitié et de parrainage, contribue à la stabilisation des communautés rurales et au maintien de leur modèle de parenté spécifique.
Paternités contemporaines et nouvelles trajectoires familiales
Authors: Martial Agnès 
Published: December 2011

Résumé À partir d’une recherche en cours auprès d’hommes séparés ou divorcés élevant leurs enfants selon différentes modalités résidentielles, cet article interroge les clivages sociaux et sexués traversant la paternité « en solitaire », tout en l’envisageant à travers différentes temporalités (quotidienne, biographique et générationnelle).
The Social Politics of Fatherhood in Spain and France: a Comparative Analysis of Parental Leave and Shared Residence
Authors: Escobedo Anna , Flaquer Lluís , Navarro-Varas Lara 
Published: December 2011

Résumé Les politiques sociales de la paternité en France et en Espagne : une analyse comparée du congé parental et de la résidence partagée L’article présente une analyse comparative de l’évolution des politiques relatives aux congés paternels et à la garde conjointe en Espagne et en France dans la dernière décennie. Ces deux mesures sont toutes deux largement reconnues comme instruments importants de la promotion de nouveaux styles de paternité et par conséquent d’une plus grande égalité entre hommes et femmes dans l’Union européenne. Alors que la rhétorique du choix a été développée dans les deux pays en matière d’emploi de la mère et de garde d’enfants, avec de meilleurs résultats en France qu’en Espagne, il reste à voir dans quelle mesure la possibilité de choix sera aussi ouverte aux pères.
Paternités en solitaire : ruptures conjugales et logiques d'insertion sociale
Authors: Orain Renaud 
Published: December 2011

Résumé Les parcours de vie des pères « en solitaire » sont divers, tant au regard des situations matérielles que des relations post-rupture et de leur encadrement judiciaire. À partir d’une enquête de terrain en région parisienne réalisée en 2009-2010, nous étudions les conditions sociales et économiques qui affectent la manière dont les hommes peuvent ou non jouer un rôle suffisant ou légitime à leur propres yeux dans la vie de leurs enfants et dans son organisation.
The Relationship between Socioeconomic Status and Household Smoking Patterns in Canada
Authors: Millar W. J. , Hunter L. 
Published: December 2011

This report uses data from a 1986 Labour Force Survey (LFS) smoking supplement to examine the relationship between education and smoking prevalence within Canadian households and the influence of parental smoking behavior on the smoking behavior of their children. The sample was a national probability sample of 14,469 households and 30,000 respondents. Over one in two (54 %) Canadian children are exposed to the presence of at least one adult smoker in the household. Parents and children within lower socioeconomic groups are more likely to be regular smokers than their counterparts in upper socioeconomic groups. Children in lower socioeconomic households are three times more likely to be exposed to a family environment in which both parents smoke than children in upper socioeconomic level households. At all socioeconomic levels, there is a gradient in the smoking prevalence among youth and young adults according to parental smoking behavior. The patterns of smoking within households suggest the possibility of increasing divergence in smoking rates between socioeconomic groups. The findings are discussed in terms of epidemiological and health promotion implications.
Correlates of Anger Symptoms in Women in Middle Adulthood
Authors: Thomas Sandra P. , Donnellan Madge M. 
Published: December 2011

Background. Anger is of great interest to health professionals due to its relationship with disease outcomes. However, male samples have been used in most studies examining linkages between anger and health indicators. In this exploratory study, anger symptoms and their cognitive and environmental correlates were examined in a sample of 87 women in middle adulthood. Methods. This descriptive-correlational study involved secondary analyses of data obtained in the third phase of a longitudinal study of health in middle adulthood. Data were collected with a battery of well-established self-report instruments. Descriptive statistics, t tests, and correlational and regression analysis were used. Results. Significant correlates of anger symptoms included lower optimism, external health locus of control, higher frequency and severity of daily hassles, lower functional social support, and loss of important relationship(s) during the past year. Greater body mass index, inadequate sleep, lack of exercise, drinking, and use of over-the-counter drugs were also associated with anger symptomatology. Discussion. Findings regarding the relationship of daily stress and anger were consistent with the Framingham Study. Contrary to expectations, women who reported more anger symptoms were not suppressors of their anger but directed it outward.
Efficiency of Printed Materials in Worksite Health Promotion
Authors: Kishchuk Natalie , Anbar Frida , O'Loughlin Jennifer , Masson Paule , Sacks-Silver Gloria 
Published: December 2011

Background. Printed health promotion materials are widely believed to be an efficient means of achieving basic health promotion objectives, such as increasing knowledge of risk factors. This study examined the efficiency of cardiovascular health promotion leaflets in reaching employees in a heterogeneous sample of worksites. Methods. Two types of distribution were used: copies of the leaflets were either made available centrally or distributed to each individual employee. Interviews were conducted with 272 employees in six worksites. Respondents were asked whether they recognized, had read, and had learned something from the leaflets. Results. Only one-quarter of respondents recognized the leaflets and only 14% stated that they had learned something. The efficiency of the leaflets was therefore much lower than expected. Z-tests for proportions showed that recognition, reading, and learning were significantly greater among those employees who had been given individual copies of the material. Among those who had been given individual copies, 45 % reported recognizing the leaflet, 36% reading it, and 23% learning something from it. Among those who had only central access, the respective scores were 11%, 7% and 6%. Discussion. These results suggest that the potential cost-effectiveness of printed materials such as leaflets and brochures should be weighed against alternative forms of intervention, given specific program objectives and characteristics of the target population. They also suggest that the cost and effort required in organizing the distribution of individual copies may be recouped in greater penetration.
Implementing SNOMED CT for Quality Reporting: Avoiding Pitfalls
Authors: Wade G. 
Published: December 2011

SummaryObjective: To implement the SNOMED CT electronic specifications for reporting quality measures and to identify critical issues that affect implementation.Background: The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid (CMS) have issued the electronic specifications for reporting quality measures requiring vendors and hospital systems to use standardized data elements to provide financial incentives for eligible providers.Methods: The electronic specifications from CMS were downloaded and extracted. All SNOMED CT codes were examined individually as part of the creation of a mapping table for distribution by a vendor for incorporation into electronic health record systems. A qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the SNOMED CT codes was done as a follow up to the mapping project.Results: A total of 10643 SNOMED codes were examined for the 44 measures. The approved SNOMED CT code sets contain aberrancies in content such as incomplete IDs, the use of description IDs instead of concept IDs, inactive codes, morphology and observable codes for clinical findings and the inclusion of non-human content.Conclusion: Implementers of these approved specifications must do additional rigorous review and make edits in order to avoid incorporating errors into their EHR products and systems.
Genetic redundancy among durum wheat accessions as assessed by SSRs and endosperm proteins
Authors: Ruiz M. , Aguiriano E. , Giraldo P. , Carrillo J. M. 
Published: December 2011

Reducing duplication in ex-situ collections is complicated and requires good quality genetic markers. This study was conducted to assess the value of endosperm proteins and SSRs for validation of potential duplicates and monitoring intra-accession variability. Fifty durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum) accessions grouped in 23 potential duplicates, and previously characterised for 30 agro-morphological traits, were analysed for gliadin and high molecular weight glutenin (HMWG) subunit alleles, total protein, and 24 SSRs, covering a wide genome area. Similarity and dissimilarity matrices were generated based on protein and SSRs alleles. For heterogeneous accessions at gliadins the percent pattern homology (PH) between gliadin patterns and the Nei’s coefficient of genetic identity (I) were computed. Eighteen duplicates identical for proteins showed none or less than 3 unshared SSRs alleles. For heterogeneous accessions PH and I values lower than 80 identified clearly off-types with more than 3 SSRs unshared. Only those biotypes differing in no more than one protein-coding locus were confirmed with SSRs. A good concordance among proteins, morphological traits, and SSR were detected. However, the discrepancy in similarity detected in some cases showed that it is advisable to evaluate redundancy through distinct approaches. The analysis in proteins together with SSRs data are very useful to identify duplicates, biotypes, close related genotypes, and contaminations.
A new species of Seticeros from Costa Rica (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Prioninae)
Authors: Ramirez Campos R. , Esteban Duran J. R. , Santos-Silva A. 
Published: December 2011

A new species of Seticeros Perger & Santos-Silva, 2010 (Prioninae: Callipogonini) from San Isidro del General, San José, Costa Rica is described and illustrated. A key to the species of Seticeros is added.
Short communication. Toxicity of emamectin benzoate to adults of Nesidiocoris tenuis Reuter, Macrolophus pygmaeus (Rambur) (Heteroptera, Miridae) and Diglyphus isaea Walker (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) on tomato plants. Semi-field studies
Authors: Lopez J. A. , Amor F. , Bengochea P. , Medina P. , Budia F. , Viñuela E. 
Published: December 2011

Whiteflies, the tomato borer and leafminers are among the major pests of greenhouse tomatoes in Spain. Macrolophuspygmaeus (Heteroptera, Miridae) and Nesidiocoris tenuis are polyphagous predators of whiteflies, the tomato borer and other pests. Diglyphus isaea (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) is an ectoparasite of leafminers. These three natural enemies are commonly released in the commercial horticultural greenhouses of south-eastern Spain. Emamectin benzoate is a new semi-synthetic derivative of the avermectin B1 developed for Lepidoptera pest control in vegetable crops, with requested inclusion in annex I of the EU directive 91/414/EEC. As for any new insecticide that is being introduced for its use in protected tomato, it is critical to understand the level of compatibility of emamectin in frontof those major biological control agents. Potted tomato plants kept in a greenhouse were sprayed with the highestrecommended field rate of emamectin benzoate (14.25 mg L–1), and the toxicity of fresh and 7-day-old residues toadults of the three biological control agents were studied to ascertain their compatibility. The results demonstrated thecompatibility of both fresh and 7-day-old residues with the three species of natural enemies.
Evaluating models for the estimation of furrow irrigation infiltration and roughness
Authors: Ramezani Etedali H. , Ebrahimian H. , Abbasi F. , Liaghat A. 
Published: December 2011

Several methods have been proposed for estimating infiltration and roughness parameters in surface irrigation using mathematical models. The EVALUE, SIPAR_ID, and INFILT models were used in this work. The EVALUE modeluses a direct solution procedure, whereas the other two models are based on the inverse solution approach. The objective of this study is to evaluate the capacity of these models to estimate the Kostiakov infiltration parameters and the Manning roughness coefficient in furrow irrigation. Twelve data sets corresponding to blocked-end and free drainingfurrows were used in this work. Using the estimated parameters and the SIRMOD irrigation simulation software, the total infiltrated volume and recession time were predicted to evaluate the accuracy of the mathematical models. TheEVALUE and SIPAR_ID models provided the best performance, with EVALUE performing better than SIPAR_ID for estimating the Manning roughness coefficient. The INFILT model provided lower accuracy in cut-back irrigation than in standard irrigation. The performance of SIPAR_ID and INFILT in blocked-end and free draining furrows was similar.
Metal–Organic Hybrid Interface States of A Ferromagnet/Organic Semiconductor Hybrid Junction as Basis For Engineering Spin Injection in Organic Spintronics
Authors: Lach Stefan , Altenhof Anna , Tarafder Kartick , Schmitt Felix , Ali Md. Ehesan , Vogel Michael , Sauther Jens , Oppeneer Peter M. , Ziegler Christiane 
Published: December 2011

AbstractElectrons in organic semiconductors (OSC) possess remarkably long spin relaxation times. Hybrid spintronic devices that combine OSC with ferromagnetic (FM) substrates are therefore expected to provide a route to devices with improved and new functionalities. A crucial role is played by the FM‐OSC interface which governs the spin injection into the OSC. Using spin‐resolved photoelectron spectroscopy and ab initio calculations we study here such possible injection channels in metal phthalocyanines (MPc). We report the first direct observation of the successful engineering of different spin‐selective hybrid interface states at the Fermi level of a FM‐OSC hybrid junction only by changing the central metal atom of a MPc. Our results demonstrate that tailoring the chemical interaction at the FM‐OSC interface is a promising way to modify the spin injection channels and thus the spin injection capability.