bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FC02-02 - Why do Late Adolescents not Seek Professional Help for Mental Health Problems?
Authors: Fröjd S. , Marttunen M. , Kaltiala-Heino R. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesTo describe reasons for not seeking professional help at the age of 17-18 years, when a need for mental help is present.MethodsIn a person identifiable survey among 3278 Finnish adolescents 15-16 years old at baseline, reasons for not seeking professional help were studied among respondents of a two-year follow-up, who had reported a need for help for a mental health problem but had not sought professional help(n=128). The respondents were instructed to choose from the following list all alternatives describing their situation: thought that the symptoms will eventually alleviate anyway, unsure about who to turn to, felt too exhausted to get help, anxious of somebody finding out, negative experiences of dealing with health professionals, distrusted the effectiveness of professional help, turned to parents for help, parents estimated that there was no need for professional help, turned to friends for help,. friends estimated that there was no need for professional help.ResultsThe three most common reasons for not searching for professional help were, the notion that the symptoms would alleviate without help (71%), exhaustion (43%) and turning to friends for help (26%). Uncertainty about to whom to turn and exhaustion were more common among those with depression compared to those with no depression (33% vs 14%, p=0.025 and 55% vs 35%, p= 0.042).ConclusionMental health literacy of late adolescents must be enhanced in order to make them take mental health problems seriously enough to get professional help.
FC02-05 - Towards Combining Precision and Brevity: A Prospective Study of Adaptive Cognitive Testing
Authors: Wouters H. , Van Campen J. , Appels B. , Van Gool W.A. , Schmand B. , Zwinderman A.H. , Lindeboom R. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesTo examine whether cognitive testing can be tailored to individual patients by selecting only items of appropriate difficulty from a large and precise neuropsychological battery. The advantage is a combination of measurement precision with the brevity (of shorter tests).Methods39 patients with cognitive complaints and 8 partners who visited a geriatric day care clinic were randomly assigned to administration of the CAMCOG or an extended CAMCOG i.e. with ADAS-cog and neuropsychological tests. Item difficulties were estimated and their validity examined with Rasch analysis. Tailored testing was achieved by Computerised Adaptive Testing (CAT). CAT repeatedly selected an easier item after an incorrect response and a more difficult item after a correct response to estimate the total score. CAT finished the item selection after reaching sufficient reliability (standard error < 0.15).ResultsFor test reductions by CAT ranging from 25 to 15 items, intraclass correlations between the CAT estimated total score and actual total score (CAT administered plus remaining items) ranged from .99 to .98 for the CAMCOG and from 0.98 to 0.91 for the extended CAMCOG. Testing time reduction ranged from 42-55% for the CAMCOG (M testing time CAMCOG 39.6 minutes, M testing times CAT 22.9 to 17.8 minutes) and from 45-68% for the extended CAMCOG (M testing time extended CAMCOG 111.3 minutes, M testing times CAT 61-35 minutes).ConclusionsSubstantial test reductions and excellent agreement with the whole battery supports the use of tailored cognitive testing to economically administer batteries that are time consuming in their entire form.
FC03-01 - The Association Between School Bonding and Smoking Amongst Adolescents in Chilean Schools
Authors: Gaete J. , Araya R. , Montgomery A. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectiveTo study the association between school bonding dimensions (school commitment and school attachment) and current adolescent smoking in Chile, controlling for confounding variables using the Fifth Chilean School Population National Substance Use Survey, 2003 (CHSS-2003) dataset.MethodsThe CHSS-2003 is a stratified cross-sectional survey which gathers information about personal, familial, peer, school factors and cigarette use using a self-reported questionnaire. Complete data from 21,956 adolescent students for all the variables of interest were used in the analyses. An Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was performed in order to test the construct validity of the questionnaire and create the main exposure and potential confounding variables. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were undertaken to study the association between school bonding and smoking.ResultsThe construct validity of the school attachment and school commitment scales was supported by the EFA. Multivariable analyses showed strong evidence that, after adjusting for factors from different domains, school commitment (student's good grades and school attendance) appears to have a clear inverse association with current smoking (OR=0.46; 95%CI: 0.38-0.56). On the other hand, school attachment (their feelings towards their school and their teachers) was not associated with adolescent smoking (OR=1.16; 95%CI: 0.88-1.53)ConclusionsSchool commitment was strongly associated with current smoking. It is important to study further this variable with the aim of ascertaining whether or not interventions that improve school commitment may prevent or reduce smoking amongst adolescent students.
FC03-05 - Quality of Care and Patient Outcomes: a Randomised Trial of Clinical Supervision in Mental Health Settings in Queensland, Australia
Authors: White E. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesHistorically, the treatment of mental illness in Australia has been inadequate. Clinical Supervision [CS], a structured staff support arrangement, has shown promise as a contribution to the clinical governance agenda; however, little is yet known about CS implementation issues. This study aimed to examined the effects of providing regular Clinical Supervision to nursing staff who worked in mental health settings, on their levels of personal well being, the quality of care they delivered and the outcomes for patientsMethodsA large scale landmark Australian randomised controlled trial [RCT] of CS, funded by the Queensland Treasury/Golden Casket Foundation [A$248,000], was located in 17 mental health facilities, across the State. The RCT trained 24 Supervisors and tracked their subsequent year-long personal experience [the Intervention] using psychometrically established instruments, supplemented by qualitative data, which was also collected from mental health nurses, other clinical staff, patients and administrators.ResultsSupervisors and Supervisees were found to value Clinical Supervision. The positive effect this had on the quality of care and patient outcomes was demonstrated in a controlled setting within this RCT, but remained elusive across a broad front. The importance of the prevailing service/managerial culture to the outcome of CS implementation was revealed.ConclusionsNovel findings will help to conceptualise Clinical Supervision education, management and policy decision making in the future. They will provide the basis for the best contemporary advice for service development and/or a framework for future CS evaluation, sufficient to be tested in another environment with other mental health disciplines.
JS01-01 - Psychotropic Drugs and Chronic Pain
Authors: Mico J.-A. 
Published: June 2010

IntroductionPain complaints are frequent in psychiatric and primary care settings. Furthermore, in pain clinic, depression and pain disorders are common comorbidities. On the other hand, several antidepressants are effective in the management of chronic pain and in alleviating pain complaints in depressed patients.ObjectivesIn this lecture, we summarize the current knowledge with regard to the use of antidepressants in chronic pain conditions and in pain as a somatic complaint in depression. We review the pharmacological mechanisms and the neurobiological substrate of these properties.AimsTo give arguments for the recognition of antidepressants as useful tool to treat pain in depression and depression in chronic pain patients, and to provide information about the right choice of an antidepressant in chronic pain.ConclusionThe monoaminergic system participates both in the regulation of mood and in the modulation of pain. Antidepressants have several properties modulating monoamines. Some of these properties are critical to understand the mechanisms of action of these compounds in chronic pain and in alleviating pain as a somatic symptom in depressed patients. The discussion about whether antidepressants alleviate pain acting on mood or pain transmission is a matter open to discussion, however there is no doubt about the utility of these drugs in pain. Recent studies in modified genetic animals reinforce the idea the not only monoamines but also other neurotransmission systems underlie these effects.
P01-10 - Absence of Social Support in the Course of Dysthymic Disorder
Authors: Batinic B. , Vukosavljevic-Gvozden T. , Nikolic-Balkoski G. 
Published: June 2010

Introduction and objectivesAbsence of social support has its role in the etiology and maintaining of depression, showing inability of the depressive subjects to built and to sustain interpersonal relationships, and to mobilize social support at the time of crisis. The objective of our investigation was to establish the level of social support in the patients suffering from dysthymic disorder, in the course of the disorder.MethodsThe sample participants included 40 patients who fulfilled DSM-IV criteria for the dysthymic disorder (mean age 40.65, SD 3.70), and 40 corresponding healthy controls (M 37.50, SD 8.05). The following instruments for assessment of social support were used: Social Support Index, Family Hardiness Index, Family Coping Coherence Index, Relative and Friend Support (McCubbin, et al., 1982,1986).ResultsThe dysthymic disorder patients compared to the healthy controls, had statistically significant lower values (p< 0.001) of Social Support Index, Family Hardiness Index, Family Coping Coherence Index and of Relative and Friend Support.ConclusionIn the course of the disorder, those suffering from dysthymic disorder compared to the healthy controls, had a significantly lower level of social support, indicating absence of a reparative role of social support in maintaining the psychological well-being.
P01-100 - Serenity: Evaluating the Effectiveness of GP-based Management of Atypical Antipsychotics in the Community
Authors: Pitchot W. , Taeter C. , Duquenne V. , Goodman N. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesThis SERENITY study was designed to investigate the effectiveness of atypical antipsychotics (AAPs) as defined by the three areas of patient functioning, efficacy and tolerability in general practice.MethodsBetween January 2007 and June 2008, 252 patients were enrolled, as planned, in this non-interventional study in Belgium. Inclusion criteria were patients 18-65 years old, willing and able to participate, diagnosed with Schizophrenia or Bipolar Disorder and currently in a manic episode and for whom the general practitioner (GP) decided to prescribe an AAP.Patient demographics, selection criteria, psychiatric and medical history and condition were assessed at Visit 1. Additional psychotropic drugs, name and dose of AAP, the QoL questionnaire Q-LES-Q-16, the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) for patient wellbeing, the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) and Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC) scores for clinical efficacy and tolerability were assessed at Visit 1 (day 0), Visit 2 (week 4) and at Visit 3 (week 8).ResultsA mean change of 24.62 was observed in the Q-LES-Q results. The SDS total score decreased substantially with a mean change of -9.26. Number of days lost, and the number of unproductive days, at work or school decreased with a mean change of -1.88 and -2.31, respectively. CGI-S scores decreased by a mean -1.92 and the CGI-I and PGIC scores also decreased. A weak but positive correlation was seen between the medication satisfaction and the efficacy, tolerability and patients’ well-being.ConclusionsThis study indicates that GP-based management of antipsychotic treatment is effective in the community.
P01-103 - Factors Associated with Positive Screen on the Mood Disorder Questionnaire in Treatment-resistant Depression
Authors: Kiejna A. , Pawłowski T. , Dudek D. , Siwek M. , Roczeń R. , Łojko D. , Rybakowski J. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectiveIn recent years increased indices of bipolarity in treatment-resistant depression were found. The objective of the study was to assess and compare Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ) positive screen between patients with treatment-resistant (TR) depression and non-treatment-resistant (NTR) depression and identify significant predictors of MDQ positive screen.MethodsThe population studied included patients aged 18-65 who had a diagnosis of first or recurrent major depressive disorder. Each psychiatrist included 5 consecutive patients, from all the patients he is treating, where the depressive episode was assessed as treatment-resistant (study group) and 5 consecutive patients with a non-treatment-resistant episode (control group). The symptoms of bipolarity were assessed by the MDQ. A positive screen of MDQ showing the features of bipolarity requires seven or more items be endorsed, at least several of the items co-occurred, and the symptoms caused at least moderate psychological impairment. One thousand and fifty-one patients entered the study: 570 in treatment-resistant group and 481 in non-treatment-resistant group.ResultsThe percentage of patients having MDQ positive screen was significantly higher in the treatment-resistant than in the non-treatment-resistant group (13.7% vs. 5.6%, respectively, p< 0.001). Significant predictors of MDQ positive screen identified in logistic regression were: family history of bipolar disorder (OR=4.04, p< 0.001), early onset of first major depression (< 20 years) (OR=3.27, p=0.001), and incomplete last remission (OR=3.11, p< 0.001).ConclusionsOur results may suggests bipolar diathesis in treatment- resistant depression.
P01-20 - Affective Disorder and Polycythaemia Vera
Authors: Ceylan M.E. , Maner F. , Turkcan A. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectiveThis case is a presentation of three siblings diagnosed as affective disorder with polycythaemia vera during the episodes. Polycythaemia dissappearing with the remission of affective disorder is focus of attention of these cases.Method and resultsFirst sister is 28 years old, single, treated for manic and subclinic depressive episodes for almost ten years. Polycythaemia vera has been developed with beginning of every manic episode and disappeared with the remission of episode. The patient made venopunction of 500cc weekly during the manic episode. Second brother is 26 years old, single, polycythaemia and psychotic depression were developed rapidly after a stressful life event. Venopunction was made for four times during one month medication. Polycythaemia and depression remitted at the same time. Third brother is 24 years old, single, polycythaemia and nonpsychotic depression were developed after his brother's depression. Venopunction was made for three times during three weeks of treatment. Again polycythaemia and depression remitted at the same time.ConclusionThe siblings had no internal disease. Only first sister was on lithium treatment, 600mg/day for chronic affective disorder but her first polycythaemia attack was prior to lithium treatment. We found only one report upon the relationship between affective disorder and polycythaemia vera in which mania, delirium and polycythaemia rubra vera were documented. #Freeman MP, Wiegand C, Gelenberg AJLithium. İn Textbook of Psychopharmacology. Third Edition. Schatzberg AF, Nemenoff CB (editors) American Psychiatric Publishing, Washington DC. 2004, 547-565.
P01-21 - The Level of Psychological well being in Subjects with Affective Disorders and in Controls
Authors: Cosci F. , Mar F.-R. , Berrocal C. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesThe present study was aimed at evaluating psychological well being (PWB) among subjects with affective disorders and healthy controls.Methods83 subjects with affective disorders were compared to 83 healthy controls. Measures of PWB, psychological symptom status, basic social skills underlying social and emotional competence, and health-related quality of life (QoL) were obtained from standardised, self-administered rating scales. Statistical analyses focused on between-groups differences and on correlations among the major variables under study.ResultsCases showed significantly higher levels of psychological symptoms, and lower PWB, social competence, and QoL than healthy controls. Between-groups differences in emotional competence did not attain statistical significance. When correlations were evaluated, cases showed negative correlations between PWB and psychological symptoms, and positive correlations between PWB and QoL. Only some PWB constructs correlated with the social competence, while no correlation was found between PWB and emotional control.In healthy controls, similar correlations between PWB and social competence as well as between PWB and QoL were found. On the other hand, no correlation was found between PWB and emotional competence, between psychological symptoms and the two PWB constructs named “purpose in life” and “personal growth”.ConclusionsSubjects with affective disorders seemed to link their PWB to psychological symptoms, QoL, and social skills with the exception of emotional control. Healthy subjects seemed, on the other hand, to link their PWB to QoL and social competence, only in part to psychological symptoms, and not at all to the emotional competence.
P01-22 - 12 Years of Refractory Mania in Extensive Metabolizers
Authors: Da Ponte G. , Lobo M. , Paiva A. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesAlert for the efficiency of the clozapina, in high doses, in refractory mania to pharmacological treatment.MethodsReview of literature relevant after the description of a clinical case example.ResultsDescription of a clinical case: Woman 30 years, ethnicity african, with bipolar disease type 1, with 12 years of evolution, and 11 treatments with around 1 year duration. Specifics took place with medication, such as intolerance to mood stabilizers, including lithium and valproate. Last inpatient care, with 5 months, it was for outbreak manic characterized by huge dysphoria and easy irritability with aggressiveness. There were administered antipsychotics, in high doses, and attempted electroconvulsive therapy, without success. Clinical remission has been achieved by the gradual increase of clozapina, in accordance with the patient tolerance, until 1400 mg daily without occurrence of agranulocytosis. The only intercurrence was a epileptic seizure, controlled with phenytoin.ConclusionsRefractory mania is treated with clozapina in high doses, which must be administered according to the patient tolerance and clinical improvement. The risk of agranulocytosis (1-3%) is low, and is the only formal indication to suspend the treatment. The extensive metabolizers do not respond to conventional doses of psychotropic substances, they need larger doses and are more frequent in african people.
P01-24 - Quetiapine XR in Rapid Cycling Bipolar Disorder-depressive Episode - Study Case
Authors: Dan I. , Grimberg M. 
Published: June 2010

BackgroundA partial solved issues in the treatment of Bipolar Disorder (BD) is depressive episode if is rapid cycling. Often, antidepressant monotherapy increases the risk of switching into mania/hypomania. Using quetiapine XR in these cases may help to avoid these disease burdens.The aimTo estimate the clinical efficacy and acceptability, in rapid cycling depressive episode of quetiapine XR.Methods34 yrs. woman, Bipolar Disorder-Depressive Episode, rapid cycling (DSM-IV), scores YMRS=10 and HAMD-17=32 at baseline.InstrumentsDepression (HAMD-17), mania (YMRS), CGI-S, CGI-I, side effects and relapse (follow-up: 12 month). The patient has a history of 12 yrs. of BD with 5 depressive and 6 manic episodes. Last year depressive episodes were 3 manic and 1 depressive episodes.ResultsAfter 4 weeks, of treatment with quetiapine XR 300mg/day in the evening, the depressive scores improved 75%, sleep became normal, no co-medication was needed. The patient continued to receive quetiapine XR and assessments were performed monthly. The follow-up priod demonstrated no relapses (depressive or manic).Conclusions1. In this case of Bipolar Disorder-rapid cycling, the treatment of depressive episode quetiapine XR-300mg/day was effective and well tolerated; no switch in manic or hippomanic was noticed.
P01-26 - Clinical Perceived Differences between Mirtazapine Conventional Tablets and Mirtazapine Orally Disintegrating Tablets
Authors: De Pedro J.M. , Caballero L. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesTo collect the opinions of a sample of Spanish psychiatrists and their patients about the acceptability, preference and adherence to treatment of mirtazapine orally disintegrating tablets in relation to mirtazapine conventional tablets.MethodsIt was carried out an on-line survey recruiting a total of 422 psychiatrists who responded to a questionnaire of 14 closed questions. Fieldwork for this project was conducted out between January and March 2009.ResultsThe 422 psychiatrists who responded to the present survey had an average age of 45. 54% of them were men and 46% were women. The scope of activity of the participants (multiple choice possible) was: 27.5% hospital, 68% mental health center, 27% private practice and 6% other kind of activity. The 42.5% of visited patients suffered major depression and concomitant chronic organic disease.When prescribing an antidepressant, psychiatrists of the sample did not usually take account the patient preferences: 26% did not and 33% asked the patient “in less than 50% of the time.”The doctors emphasized that mirtazapine orally disintegrating tablets was more convenience for the patient (94%), support for better compliance (91%), had a pleasant taste (87%) and had patient preference (86%) among the main issues that took into account when they opting for that drug formulation.The change from mirtazapine conventional tablets to mirtazapine orally disintegrating tablets did not caused any problem for 70% of doctors.ConclusionsDifferences in galenic presentations of the same drug should lead significant perceived differences in clinical practice, by doctors and their patients
P01-27 - Depression and Subclinical Hypothyroidism
Authors: Demartini B. , Islam L. , Gambini O. , Scarone S. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesTo estimate the prevalence of depressive symptoms in patients affected by subclinical hypothyroidism by means of Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) and Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS); to assess which depressive symptoms are prevalent in our population, with references to the factorialization of HAM-D by Cleary and Guy (1977); to verify whether levothyroxine replacement therapy alone can induce total remission of depressive symptoms.MethodsThe study enrolled 63 patients affected by subclinical hypothyroidism undergoing follow-up at the endocrinology service of San Paolo Hospital in Milan. All patients underwent an evaluation by means of HAM-D and MADRS scales and serum TSH, free T4, free T3, TPO-Ab and Tg-Ab levels were measured.ResultsWe estimated a prevalence of depressive symptoms in our population of 63.5%. Concerning the qualitative assessment of psychiatric disturbances in the population we considered, our results showed that the most frequent symptoms were part of four factors, according to the Cleary and Guy factorialization of HAM-D: these factors are representative of anxiety and somatisation (factor I), cognitive impairment disturbances (factor III), psychomotor retardation (factor V) and sleep disorders (factor VI). Levothyroxine replacement therapy alone wasn’t effective in inducing total remission of depressive symptoms.ConclusionsThis study suggests the importance of a psychiatric evaluation in patients affected by subclinical hypothyroidism.