bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clubfeet and associated abnormalities on fetal magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Nemec Ursula , Nemec Stefan F. , Kasprian Gregor , Brugger Peter C. , Bettelheim Dieter , Wadhawan Isha , Kolb Alexander , Graham John M. , Rimoin David L. , Prayer Daniela 
Published: June 2012

AbstractObjectiveClubfoot, or talipes equinovarus (TEV), is commonly diagnosed on prenatal ultrasound. This study sought to visualize TEV and associated abnormalities on fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) compared with ultrasound.MethodsThis retrospective study included the MRI scans of 44 fetuses with TEV using postnatal assessment and autopsy as standard of reference. Isolated TEV was differentiated from complex TEV with associated abnormalities. MRI findings and previous ultrasound diagnoses were compared.ResultsIsolated TEV was found in 19/44 (43.2%) fetuses and complex TEV in 25/44 (56.8%). Associated abnormalities consisted of the following: central nervous system/spinal abnormalities in 13/25 (52.0%) fetuses; musculoskeletal abnormalities in 7/25 (28.0%); thoracic abnormalities in 3/25 (12.0%); a tumor in one case; and hydrops fetalis in one. Of the 44 cases, 35 (79.5%) pregnancies were delivered, and nine (20.5%) pregnancies, which were terminated, all had complex TEV. Of the 42 available ultrasound reports, additional MRI findings were made in 8/42 (19.0%) cases. MRI did not add findings in isolated TEV on ultrasound. In 4/44 (9.1%) cases, autopsy revealed additional findings compared with prenatal imaging.ConclusionFetal MRI enables differentiation between isolated and complex TEV. Isolated TEV on ultrasound may not be an MRI indication, whereas MRI may be useful in cases of complex TEV. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Living copolymerization of ethylene with norbornene by fluorinated enolato‐imine titanium catalyst
Authors: Ravasio Andrea , Boggioni Laura , Scalcione Giulia , Bertini Fabio , Piovani Daniele , Tritto Incoronata 
Published: June 2012

AbstractComplex [Ti(κ2‐N,O‐{2,6‐F2C6H3NC(Me)C(H) C(CF3) O})2Cl2] (1) was evaluated as catalyst for living copolymerization of ethylene (E) with norbornene (N) upon activation with dried methylaluminoxane (d‐MAO) at temperatures between 25 and 90 °C. Copolymerization performed at different [N]/[E] feed ratios afforded stereoirregular alternating high molar mass P(E‐co‐N) with narrow molar mass distribution. The living nature of E‐co‐N copolymerization by 1/d‐MAO was demonstrated by kinetics at 50 °C. This catalyst system was used for the synthesis of block copolymers such as polyethylene (PE)‐block‐P(E‐co‐N) with a crystalline PE block and an amorphous P(E‐co‐N) block as well as P(E‐co‐N)1‐block‐P(E‐co‐N)2, having different norbornene contents in the segments and thus having different Tg values. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012
Wrinkle morphologies with two distinct wavelengths
Authors: Davis Chelsea S. , Crosby Alfred J. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractWrinkles with two distinct wavelengths formed sequentially on the same surface are investigated. A series of aligned wrinkles are formed through local strain application on a partially crosslinked elastomer. After the formation of these primary wrinkles, the elastomer is fully crosslinked, and a mechanical compressive strain is applied to the sample orthogonal to the primary wrinkles. This mechanical strain results in smaller secondary wrinkles superimposed on the larger primary aligned wrinkles. Resulting biaxial morphologies suggest that the primary pattern directs the formation of the smaller wrinkles. The modulus mismatch of the substrate on primary and secondary wrinkle formation dictates the ratio between the two resulting wavelengths, as well as the specific biaxial morphologies, ranging from zigzag ridges to ellipsoidal bumps or corn‐on‐the‐cob structures to the classic herringbone. The sequential strain wrinkling process has the potential to be used on an industrial scale for the facile formation of surface topography with two discrete, tunable lateral dimensions over large surface areas. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2012
The Ontario psychosocial oncology framework: a quality improvement tool
Authors: Li Madeline , Green Esther 
Published: June 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo overview the newly developed Psychosocial Health Care for Cancer Patients and Their Families: A Framework to Guide Practice in Ontario and Guideline Recommendations in the context of Canadian psychosocial oncology care and propose strategies for guideline uptake and implementation.MethodRecommendations from the 2008 Institute of Medicine standard Cancer Care for the Whole Patient: Meeting Psychosocial Health Needs were adapted into the Ontario Psychosocial Oncology (PSO) Framework. Existing practice guidelines developed by the Canadian Partnership against Cancer and Cancer Care Ontario and standards developed by the Canadian Association of Psychosocial Oncology are supporting resources for adopting a quality improvement (QI) approach to the implementation of the framework in Ontario.ResultsThe developed PSO Framework, including 31 specific actionable recommendations, is intended to improve the quality of comprehensive cancer care at both the provider and system levels. Important QI change management processes are described as Educate – raising awareness among medical teams of the significance of psychosocial needs of patients, Evidence – developing a research evidence base for patient care benefits from psychosocial interventions, and Electronics – using technology to collect patient reported outcomes of both physical and emotional symptoms.ConclusionsThe Ontario PSO Framework is unique and valuable in providing actionable recommendations that can be implemented through QI processes. Overall, the result will be improved psychosocial health care for the cancer population. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Intervention to reduce secondhand smoke exposure among children with cancer: a controlled trial
Authors: Tyc Vida L. , Huang Qinlei , Nicholson Jody , Schultz Bethany , Hovell Melbourne F. , Lensing Shelly , Vukadinovich Chris , Hudson Melissa M. , Zhang Hui 
Published: June 2012

AbstractObjectiveThis randomized controlled trial tested the efficacy of parent‐based behavioral counseling for reducing secondhand smoke exposure (SHSe) among children with cancer. It also examined predictors of smoking and SHSe outcomes.MethodsParticipants were 135 parents or guardians of nonsmoking children with cancer, <18 years, at least 30 days postdiagnosis, and living with at least one adult smoker. Parents were randomized to either a standard care control group or an intervention consisting of six counseling sessions delivered over 3 months. Parent‐reported smoking and child SHSe levels were obtained at baseline, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. Children provided urine samples for cotinine analyses.ResultsReductions in parent‐reported smoking and exposure were observed in both the intervention and control conditions. There was a significantly greater reduction in parent‐reported smoking and child SHSe at 3 months for the intervention group compared with the control group. Child SHSe was significantly lower at 12 months relative to baseline in both groups. Children's cotinine levels did not show significant change over time in either group. Exposure outcomes were influenced by the number of smokers at home, smoking status of the parent participating in the trial, and the child's environment (home versus hospital) the day before the assessment.ConclusionsChildren's SHSe can be reduced by advising parents to protect their child from SHSe, combined with routine reporting of their child's exposure and cotinine testing, when delivered in the context of the pediatric cancer setting. More intensive interventions may be required to achieve greater reductions in SHSe. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Influence of Ga coverage on the sizes of GaAs quantum dash pairs grown by high temperature droplet epitaxy
Authors: Wu Jiang , Wang Zhiming M. , Li Shibin , Lee Jihoon , Mazur Yuriy I. , Salamo Gregory J. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractWe investigate the formation of GaAs quantum dash pairs with different coverages by droplet epitaxy. The GaAs quantum dash pairs of various sizes are fabricated by high temperature droplet epitaxy. Dual‐sized quantum dash pairs are observed along $[01\bar 1]$ orientation. Depending on the Ga cov‐ erage, the width of the quantum dash pairs can be tuned from ∼100 nm to ∼300 nm while keeping the height in the range of 4 nm to 10 nm. The coverage dependence of quantum dash pairs is also confirmed with photoluminescence measurement. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Homology modeling studies of beta(1,3)‐D‐glucan synthase of Moniliophthora perniciosa
Authors: Pinheiro Antonio Anderson Freitas , Taranto Alex Gutterres , Duarte Angelo Amâncio , Neto Aristóteles Góes , da Hora Júnior Braz Tavares , Pereira Gonçalo Amarante Guimarães , dos Santos Júnior Manoelito Coelho , de Assis Sandra Aparecida 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe Witches' Broom Disease, caused by the hemibiotrophic basidiomycete fungus Moniliophthora perniciosa, drastically reduced the production of cocoa in Brazil. Phytosanitation, chemical control, genetically resistant strains, and biological control still leave flaws in the disease eradication process. Effort has been expended in the elucidation of molecular targets, in particular, the structural components of the fungal cell wall, such as the beta(1,3)‐D‐glucan synthase. This enzyme is essential for the cellular construction of the wall, as it catalyses the formation of beta(1,3)‐D‐glucans. Protein structure homology modeling approaches are able to determine the structure of proteins without performing experimental steps, considering the barriers related to experimental methods for the structural determination of molecular targets. The presence of the conserved catalytic residues in members of the same glycosyltransferase family and overall structural analysis suggests that they catalyze glycosyl transfer reactions by similar mechanisms. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the three‐dimensional model of the enzyme beta(1,3)‐D‐glucan synthase of M. perniciosa by homology modeling. Both procedures were performed to build the models: a comparative modeling by satisfaction of spatial restraints in MODELLER and a modeling by assembly of rigid bodies in the SWISS‐MODEL software. The models were elected based on analysis of the stereochemistry quality and a quantitative assessment of similarity from the obtained models and to templates. A reasonable structural model was obtained of the beta(1,3)‐D‐glucan synthase enzyme (BegS1). The BegS1 model showed two distinct α/β domains, features of the inverting glycosyltransferase family, and the topology of the folded structure showed 7 beta‐strands and 13 alpha‐helices. The BegS1 model showed the presence of a catalytic cavity formed by the conserved aspartic acid residues (Asp326, 345, 353, and 354 DDxD motif) implicated in substrate binding and/or catalysis. In the BegS1 model, this cavity is near a loop region, as was observed in the GT‐2 family structure. It is encouraging to find that the model for BegS1 agrees well with structures from the GT‐2 enzyme family. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Accuracy study of a robotic system for MRI‐guided prostate needle placement
Authors: Seifabadi Reza , Cho Nathan B. J. , Song Sang‐Eun , Tokuda Junichi , Hata Nobuhiko , Tempany Clare M. , Fichtinger Gabor , Iordachita Iulian 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBackgroundAccurate needle placement is the first concern in percutaneous MRI‐guided prostate interventions. In this phantom study, different sources contributing to the overall needle placement error of a MRI‐guided robot for prostate biopsy have been identified, quantified and minimized to the possible extent.MethodsThe overall needle placement error of the system was evaluated in a prostate phantom. This error was broken into two parts: the error associated with the robotic system (called ‘before‐insertion error’) and the error associated with needle–tissue interaction (called ‘due‐to‐insertion error’). Before‐insertion error was measured directly in a soft phantom and different sources contributing into this part were identified and quantified. A calibration methodology was developed to minimize the 4‐DOF manipulator's error. The due‐to‐insertion error was indirectly approximated by comparing the overall error and the before‐insertion error. The effect of sterilization on the manipulator's accuracy and repeatability was also studied.ResultsThe average overall system error in the phantom study was 2.5 mm (STD = 1.1 mm). The average robotic system error in the Super Soft plastic phantom was 1.3 mm (STD = 0.7 mm). Assuming orthogonal error components, the needle–tissue interaction error was found to be approximately 2.13 mm, thus making a larger contribution to the overall error. The average susceptibility artifact shift was 0.2 mm. The manipulator's targeting accuracy was 0.71 mm (STD = 0.21 mm) after robot calibration. The robot's repeatability was 0.13 mm. Sterilization had no noticeable influence on the robot's accuracy and repeatability.ConclusionsThe experimental methodology presented in this paper may help researchers to identify, quantify and minimize different sources contributing into the overall needle placement error of an MRI‐guided robotic system for prostate needle placement. In the robotic system analysed here, the overall error of the studied system remained within the acceptable range. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
EPISODIC SUSPENDED SEDIMENT TRANSPORT AND ELEVATED POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON CONCENTRATIONS IN A SMALL, MOUNTAINOUS RIVER IN COASTAL CALIFORNIA
Authors: Conaway C. H. , Draut A. E. , Echols K. R. , Storlazzi C. D. , Ritchie A. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTSuspended sediment and organic contaminants were measured during a period of 2 years in the San Lorenzo River, central California, which discharges into the Pacific Ocean within the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary, in an effort to quantify the potential environmental effects of storm events from a steep, mountainous coastal urban watershed. Most suspended sediment transport occurred during flooding caused by winter storms; 56% of the total sediment load for the 2‐year study was transported by the river during one storm event in January 2010. Concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons can exceed regulatory criteria during high‐flow events in the San Lorenzo River, and total annual polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon load was on the order of 10 kg in water year 2010. These results highlight the importance of episodic sediment and contaminant transport in steep, mountainous coastal watersheds and emphasize the importance of understanding physical processes and quantifying chemical constituents in discharge from coastal watersheds on event‐scale terms. Published 2012. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Dynamic managerial capabilities: Configuration and orchestration of top executives' capabilities and the firm's dominant logic
Authors: Kor Yasemin Y. , Mesko Andrea 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThis paper contributes to the understanding of the executive team dynamic managerial capabilities by developing theory about the interplay between the firm's dominant logic and dynamic managerial capabilities (including managerial human capital, social capital, and cognition). We underscore the criticality of the two key CEO‐level functions: configuration and orchestration of senior executive team dynamic capabilities. We develop theory on how these functions create and sculpt the management team's absorptive capacity, which in turn shapes the team's adaptive capacity. We present theory about the distributed nature of efforts for organizational renewal where CEO's dynamic managerial capabilities in concerto with senior executive managerial capabilities will drive top management's ability to revitalize the firm's dominant logic and to achieve evolutionary fit. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fluorescence in Nanobiotechnology: Sophisticated Fluorophores for Novel Applications
Authors: Hötzer Benjamin , Medintz Igor L. , Hildebrandt Niko 
Published: June 2012

AbstractNanobiotechnology is one of the fastest growing and broadest‐ranged interdisciplinary subfields of the nanosciences. Countless hybrid bio‐inorganic composites are currently being pursued for various uses, including sensors for medical and diagnostic applications, light‐ and energy‐harvesting devices, along with multifunctional architectures for electronics and advanced drug‐delivery. Although many disparate biological and nanoscale materials will ultimately be utilized as the functional building blocks to create these devices, a common element found among a large proportion is that they exert or interact with light. Clearly continuing development will rely heavily on incorporating many different types of fluorophores into these composite materials. This review covers the growing utility of different classes of fluorophores in nanobiotechnology, from both a photophysical and a chemical perspective. For each major structural or functional class of fluorescent probe, several representative applications are provided, and the necessary technological background for acquiring the desired nano‐bioanalytical information are presented.
A Dual Gradient Assay for the Parametric Analysis of Cell–Surface Interactions
Authors: Reynolds Paul M. , Pedersen Rasmus H. , Riehle Mathis O. , Gadegaard Nikolaj 
Published: June 2012

AbstractCellular response to microgrooves is addressed using a new assay format, comprising orthogonal gradients of continuously varied groove pitch and depth. Dual layer etch masks are created using a combination of micropatterning and plasma polymer deposition. A silicon substrate with a constant groove width of 8 μm and with ridge width increasing from 8 μm in 0.5 μm steps across 10 mm is fabricated by photolithography. A plasma‐polymerized hexane film which is 120 nm thick at one end of these grooves, and 10 nm at the other, is deposited under a diffusion mask. Reactive etching of the patterned sample transfers a gradient of groove pitch and groove depth into the silicon substrate. A silicon master with a gradient of groove depth spanning more than two orders of magnitude (less than 10 nm to over 1000 nm) is used to create an injection molding inlay for mass replication of the screening topography. Polycarbonate replicas are molded for use in cell culture studies, and the functionality of the topography as a high‐throughput screening platform is investigated. The response of MDCK, h‐TERT fibroblasts, and LE2 endothelial cells is examined, in terms of attachment and morphological response to the variation in topographical cues, with the aim of pinpointing the optimal combination of groove pitch and depth to elicit a tailored response from each cell type. When the range of topographical features screened on a single substrate is considered, this new assay represents a significant step forward in the parametric design and analysis of topographical cues at the biomaterial interface.
Control of Swelling of Responsive Nanogels by Nanoconfinement
Authors: Cuenot Stéphane , Radji Sadia , Alem Halima , Demoustier‐Champagne Sophie , Jonas Alain M. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe volume phase transition (VPT) behavior and the swelling properties of individual thermoresponsive poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM)‐based nanogels are investigated by in situ atomic force microscopy (AFM). Using a template‐based synthesis method, cylindrical nanogels are synthesized for different polymerization times within nanopores (80 nm) of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) track‐etched membranes. The confinement conditions, characterized by the ratio Φ between the average chain length and the pore diameter, are varied between 0.35 and 0.8. After dissolving the membranes, the volume of individual nanogels composed of PNIPAM‐g‐PET diblock copolymers is numerically extracted from AFM images while varying the water temperature from 28 to 44 °C. From the measured volumes, the swelling of nanogels is investigated as a function of both the water temperature and the confinement conditions imposed during the synthesis. Contrary to the VPT, the maximum swelling of the nanogels is strongly affected by these confinement conditions. The volume of nanogels in the swollen state can reach 1.1 to 2.1 times their volume in the collapsed state for a ratio Φ of 0.8 and 0.5, respectively. These results open a new way to tune the swelling of nanogels, simply by adjusting the degree of confinement imposed during their synthesis within nanopores, which is particularly interesting for biomedical applications requiring a high degree of control over swelling properties, such as drug‐delivery nanotools.
Physiological and genetic basis for variation in migratory behavior in the three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus
Authors: Kitano Jun , Ishikawa Asano , Kume Manabu , Mori Seiichi 
Published: June 2012

AbstractClosely related species of fish often exhibit different migration patterns. Even within species, anadromous and resident populations can be found in a diverse number of taxa. Although several environmental factors that regulate behavioral and physiological changes associated with fish migration have been identified, the genetic mechanisms underlying the variation in the ability to respond to these environmental cues in fishes that show different migratory behaviors are not well known. The three-spined sticklebackGasterosteus aculeatus(Linnaeus 1758) is a good model system for elucidation of the genetic basis for variation in migratory behaviors and other physiological changes associated with migration. First, the three-spined stickleback exhibits great inter-population variation in migration patterns. Second, genetic and genomic tools are now available for studying this species. In the present study, variation in the migration patterns amongG. aculeatuspopulations and the recent progress in our understanding of the genetic and physiological basis for variation in traits important forG. aculeatusmigration are reviewed.
Metabolism of Anandamide into Eoxamides by 15‐Lipoxygenase‐1 and Glutathione Transferases
Authors: Forsell Pontus K. A. , Brunnström Åsa , Johannesson Malin , Claesson Hans‐Erik 
Published: June 2012

AbstractHuman 15‐lipoxygenase‐1 (15‐LO‐1) can metabolize arachidonic acid (ARA) into pro‐inflammatory mediators such as the eoxins, 15‐hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HPETE), and 15‐hydroxyeicosatetraenoyl‐phosphatidylethanolamine. We have in this study investigated the formation of various lipid hydroperoxide by either purified 15‐LO‐1 or in the Hodgkin lymphoma cell line L1236, which contain abundant amount of 15‐LO‐1. Both purified 15‐LO‐1 and L1236 cells produced lipid hydroperoxides more efficiently when anandamide (AEA) or 2‐arachidonoyl‐glycerol ester was used as substrate than with ARA. Furthermore, L1236 cells converted AEA to a novel class of cysteinyl‐containing metabolites. Based on RP‐HPLC, mass spectrometry and comparison to synthetic products, these metabolites were identified as the ethanolamide of the eoxin (EX) C4 and EXD4. By using the epoxide EXA4‐ethanol amide, it was also found that platelets have the capacity to produce the ethanolamide of EXC4 and EXD4. We suggest that the ethanolamides of the eoxins should be referred to as eoxamides, in analogy to the ethanolamides of prostaglandins which are named prostamides. The metabolism of AEA into eoxamides might engender molecules with novel biological effects. Alternatively, it might represent a new mechanism for the termination of AEA signalling.