bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tibolone increases bone mineral density but also relapse in breast cancer survivors: LIBERATE trial bone substudy
Authors: Bundred Nigel J , Kenemans Peter , Yip Cheng Har , Beckmann Matthias W , Foidart Jean-Michel , Sismondi Piero , Schoultz Bo von , Vassilopoulou-Sellin Rena , Galta Rachid El , Lieshout Eugenie Van , Mol-Arts Mirjam , Planellas Juan , Kubista Ernst 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
Introduction
The Livial Intervention Following Breast Cancer: Efficacy, Recurrence and Tolerability Endpoints (LIBERATE: Clinical http://Trials.gov number NCT00408863), a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial that demonstrated that tibolone (Livial), a tissue-selective hormone-replacement therapy (HRT), increased breast cancer (BC) recurrence HR 1.40 (95% CI, 1.14 to 1.70; P = 0.001). A subgroup of women was entered into a study of bone mineral density (BMD).

Methods
Women with surgically excised primary BC (T1-3, N0-2, M-0) within the last 5 years, complaining of vasomotor symptoms, were assigned to tibolone, 2.5 mg daily, or placebo treatment for a maximum of 5 years. The BMD substudy enrolled 763 patients, using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scanning at baseline and at 2 years.

Results
In the bone substudy, 699 of 763 women were eligible (345 allocated to tibolone, and 354, to placebo). After undergoing DXA scans, 300 (43%) women had normal BMD; 317 (45%), osteopenia; and 82 (11.7%), osteoporosis. Low body-mass index (P < 0.001), Asian race (P < 0.001), and late age at menarche (P < 0.04) predicted low bone mass at baseline. Tibolone increased BMD by 3.2% at the lumbar spine and 2.9% at the hip compared with placebo (both P < 0.001). The majority of fractures (55%) occurred in osteopenic patients. Women with normal BMD had increased recurrence with tibolone, 22 (15.6%) of 141 compared with placebo, 11 (6.9%) of 159 (P = 0.016), whereas no increased BC recurrence was seen in women with low BMD; 15 (7.4%) of 204 taking tibolone versus 13 (6.7%) of 195 taking placebo.

Conclusions
Tibolone is contraindicated after BC treatment, as it increases BMD and BC recurrence. Risk of BC recurrence was elevated in BC women with normal BMD (compared with low) who took tibolone.
MicroRNA let-7a suppresses breast cancer cell migration and invasion through downregulation of C-C chemokine receptor type 7
Authors: Kim Seok-Jun , Shin Ji-Young , Lee Kang-Duck , Bae Young-Ki , Sung Ki Woong , Nam Seok Jin , Chun Kyung-Hee 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
Introduction
C-C chemokine receptor type 7 (CCR7) plays an important role in chemotactic and metastatic responses in various cancers, including breast cancer. In the present study, the authors demonstrated that microRNA (miRNA) let-7a downregulates CCR7 expression and directly influences the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells.

Methods
The expression of CCR7, its ligand CCL21, and let-7a was detected in breast cancer cell lines and in breast cancer patient tissues. Synthetic let-7a and an inhibitor of let-7a were transfected into MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells, respectively, and cell proliferation, cell migration, and invasion assays were performed. To confirm the fact that 3'UTR of CCR7 is a direct target of let-7a, a luciferase assay for the reporter gene expressing the let-7a binding sites of CCR7 3'UTR was used. An in vivo invasion animal model system using transparent zebrafish embryos was also established to determine the let-7a effect on breast cancer cell invasion.

Results
First, a higher expression of both CCR7 and CCL21 in malignant tissues than in their normal counterparts from breast cancer patients was observed. In addition, a reverse correlation in the expression of CCR7 and let-7a in breast cancer cell lines and breast cancer patient tissues was detected. Synthetic let-7a decreased breast cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, as well as CCR7 protein expression in MDA-MB-231 cells. The let-7a inhibitor reversed the let-7a effects on the MCF-7 cells. The 3'UTR of CCR7 was confirmed as a direct target of let-7a by using the luciferase assay for the reporter gene expressing let-7a CCR7 3'UTR binding sites. Notably, when analyzing in vivo invasion, MDA-MB 231 cells after synthetic let-7a transfection were unable to invade the vessels in zebrafish embryos.

Conclusions
The results from the present study suggest that targeting of CCL21-CCR7 signaling is a valid approach for breast cancer therapy and that let-7a directly binds to the 3'UTR of CCR7 and blocks its protein expression, thereby suppressing migration and invasion of human breast cancer cells. Furthermore, the present study underscores the therapeutic potential of let-7a as an antitumor and antimetastatic manager in breast cancer patients.
Recommendations for Clinical Trials of Off-Label Drugs Used to Treat Advanced-Stage Cancer
Authors: Mullins C. Daniel , Montgomery Russ , Abernethy Amy P. , Hussain Arif , Pearson Steven D. , Tunis Sean 
Published: January 2012

Purpose To provide recommendations to trialists and sponsors that guide the design and implementation of prospective postapproval clinical trials for oncology drugs used outside US Food and Drug Administration–labeled indications for treatment of late-stage cancers. Methods A meeting was hosted by the Center for Medical Technology Policy in Baltimore, MD, on November 12, 2009. Discussions during the meeting and key informant interviews were conducted before and after this stakeholder meeting. Peer review by multidisciplinary stakeholders was followed by a public comment period. Input was received from patient advocacy groups, medical oncologists, pharmaceutical companies, the US Food and Drug Administration, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, the National Cancer Institute, foreign government agencies involved in health technology assessment, public and private payers, drug compendia, clinical research entities, statisticians, academics, and the American Society of Clinical Oncology. Results To address the needs of patients and their clinical providers, compendia, payers, and policy makers, recommendations are proposed to guide the design of future prospective trials for off-label use of oncology drugs across four areas: trial design and data analysis, patient and site recruitment, comparators, and outcomes. Conclusion The US Food and Drug Administration provides guidance to the pharmaceutical industry and others designing randomized clinical trials for regulatory approval. However, a gap exists for postregulatory decision makers, including patients, prescribers, and payers, because regulatory trials do not answer the questions most relevant to them. Therefore, guidance is needed for trials performed in the postapproval environment for these postapproval decision makers.
Effectiveness of Bevacizumab With First-Line Combination Chemotherapy for Medicare Patients With Stage IV Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Meyerhardt Jeffrey A. , Li Ling , Sanoff Hanna K. , Carpenter William , Schrag Deborah 
Published: January 2012

PurposeClinical trials have shown that adding bevacizumab to cytotoxic chemotherapy improves survival for patients with colorectal cancer, although its effectiveness in the Medicare population is uncertain.Patients and MethodsUsing the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) -Medicare linked database, we identified 2,526 patients with stage IV colorectal cancer diagnosed between 2002 and 2007 who received first-line combination chemotherapy with a fluoropyrimidine and either irinotecan (33%) or oxaliplatin (67%). Thirty-six percent of patients received bevacizumab with first-line therapy. The primary outcome was overall survival. Secondary outcomes were bevacizumab-associated toxicities, including the incidence of stroke, myocardial infarction, and GI perforation.ResultsIn the primary cohort inclusive of patients diagnosed between 2002 and 2007, bevacizumab with combination chemotherapy was associated with improved overall survival (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 0.85; 95% CI, 0.78 to 0.93), although the effect was more modest when restricted to years 2004 to 2007 (HR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.84 to 1.02). The observed survival advantage of bevacizumab was more apparent with irinotecan-based chemotherapy (HR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.66 to 0.97) than with oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy (HR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.86 to 1.07). Combination chemotherapy with bevacizumab, versus combination chemotherapy without bevacizumab, was associated with increased risk of stroke (4.9% v 2.5%, respectively; P < .01) and GI perforation (2.3% v 1.0%, respectively; P < .01). Cardiac events and venous thrombosis were not increased with bevacizumab.ConclusionThe addition of bevacizumab to cytotoxic combination chemotherapy was associated with small improvement in overall survival as well as increased risk of stroke and perforation, but not cardiac events, among Medicare beneficiaries with stage IV colorectal cancer.
Microdiscectomy Improves Pain-Associated Depression, Somatic Anxiety, and Mental Well-Being in Patients With Herniated Lumbar Disc
Authors: Lebow Richard , Parker Scott L. , Adogwa Owoicho , Reig Adam , Cheng Joseph , Bydon Ali , McGirt Matthew J. 
Published: January 2012

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
Emotional distress and depression are common psychological disturbances associated with low-back and leg pain. The effects of lumbar discectomy on pain, disability, and physical quality of life are well described. The effects of discectomy on emotional distress and mental well-being are less well understood.

OBJECTIVE:
To assess the effect of microdiscectomy on depression, somatization, and mental well-being in patients with herniated lumbar discs.

METHODS:
Patients undergoing surgical discectomy for single-level, herniated lumbar disc were prospectively evaluated preoperatively, and at 6 weeks and 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. Back and leg pain, depression, somatic perception, and mental well-being were assessed.

RESULTS:
One hundred patients were enrolled. All were available for 1-year follow-up. Preoperatively, the visual analog scale for low-back pain (BP-VAS), visual analog scale for leg pain (LP-VAS), Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (ZUNG), Modified Somatic Perception Questionnaire (MSPQ), and Medical Outcomes Short Form-36 mental component summary scale (SF-36-MCS) were 6.3 ± 2.5, 6.3 ± 2.5, 19 ± 11, 9 ± 7, and 4 ± 14. BP-VAS and LP-VAS significantly improved by 6 weeks. Significant improvement in SF-36-MCS was observed by 6 weeks postoperatively, improvement in MSPQ score was observed 3 months postoperatively, and improvement in the ZUNG depression score was observed 12 months postoperatively. No statistical difference occurred during the remainder of follow-up for any outcome measured once improvement reached statistical significance. Eighteen patients were somatized preoperatively, 67% of which were nonsomatized 1 year postoperatively. Ten patients were clinically depressed preoperatively, 70% of which were nondepressed 1 year postoperatively. Improvement in SF-36-MCS, ZUNG, and MSPQ correlated (P &lt; .001) with improvement in BP-VAS and LP-VAS.

CONCLUSION:
The majority of patients somatized or depressed preoperatively returned to good mental well-being postoperatively. Improvement in pain and overall mental well-being was seen immediately after discectomy. Improvement in somatic anxiety and depression occurred months later. Microdiscectomy significantly improves pain-associated depression, somatic anxiety, and mental well-being in patients with herniated lumbar disc.
Case Article—KEY Electronics—Sourcing and Warehouse Analysis
Authors: Kraft Tim , Chung Yenho T. , Erhun Feryal 
Published: January 2012

KEY Electronics is a consumer electronics retailer that generated $1.4 billion in total revenue in 2008. KEY has a limited retail presence in Mexico, which it would like to expand from 30 stores in 2009 to 70 by year-end 2012. As part of its growth strategy, KEY must (1) improve its current sourcing of products for Mexico and (2) revamp its existing warehouse operations. The KEY Electronics case introduces students to a practical inventory modeling scenario with real-life data, where solutions are not solely based on minimum cost but also qualitative factors. By emphasizing a holistic modeling approach, the case demonstrates the interdependencies between sourcing decisions and facility requirements. KEY Electronics can be taught as an in-class discussion, a case write-up, or a course project. Case Teaching Note: Interested Instructors please see the Instructor Materials page for access to the restricted materials. To maintain the integrity and usefulness of cases published in ITE, unapproved distribution of the case teaching notes and other restricted materials to any other party is prohibited.
Man with a plan: Masculinity and DIY house building in post-war Australia
Authors: CARTER NANETTE 
Published: January 2012

In the period of reconstruction that followed World War II, Australians experienced a severe housing shortage. The Commonwealth Government's own wartime estimate was that there would be a shortage of over 300,000 dwellings in 1947. While it collaborated with state governments to build
public housing, chronic shortages of materials, of labour and an increasing population, meant that the demand could not be met. As a result, many Australians found that the only way they would get a home was to build it themselves - up to 30 per cent of all new houses in the 1950s were owner
built.
DIY home construction provided a tangible representation of a husband and father's capacity to provide shelter. While women became involved in planning, sourcing materials, labouring and project-management, men undertook most of the heavy construction. At the same time, a significant
shift occurred in the way manual labour around the house was viewed. DIY activity became seen as a pleasant and meaningful contribution to family life and part of the solution to the potential feminization of the suburban father.
The values associated with DIY and the practices of a new
kind of suburban masculinity were promoted in popular taste-making publications such as Australian Home Beautiful, Australian House and Garden, and ephemera published by the manufacturers of building materials, tools and other commodities. This article uses these sources and interviews with
people, most of who were traced from articles about their DIY homes, in local magazines.
La Toilette d'une Femme (2010)
Authors: WALKER LYNDAL 
Published: January 2012

'La Toilette d'une Femme' is a series I produced in 2010 in which I photographed women getting dressed at their homes. The inspiration for the work is paintings from the 18th and 19th century that represented women dressing. I have reinvigorated this genre by creating portraits of women
for whom getting dressed is an important ritual, creative process and statement of their identity.
In some images I appear in the reflection of the mirror. This celebrates the shared ritual of dressing with other women. It also draws attention to the construction of the photographic image,
by the photographer and the relationship between model and photographer. Rather than representing a finished look, 'La Toilette d'une Femme' continues my interest in transition and time by representing my subjects in the process of creating a look for the outside world.
As the women compose
themselves in the mirror, the expression on their faces and their body language speak variously of joy, anxiety and satisfaction. In a world where we are constantly exposed to images of fashion and semi-naked women, these photographs reveal the reality of women's experience of clothing.
Playing the tyrant away: Creative academic resistance to dictatorship in Malawi
Authors: Kerr David 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACT
The author explains his insertion into Malawi's human rights and cultural history. In its 30 year rule from 1964 to 1994 the Malawi Congress Party regime passed a maze of anti-democratic legislation, which, backed by brutal police and paramilitary youth organisations, prevented any attempts at creation of an opposition. The demolition of free speech in public discourse, including the media, created a default space for young intellectuals to use the metaphorical power of literature and theatre to critique the political establishment. Artists found innovative ways of evading the laws and activities associated with the Malawi Censorship Board, and not a few were arrested for their activities. The three year seven month detention of poet, Jack Mapanje from 1987 to 1991 focused world attention on the struggle by Malawian democracy activists for political liberation. This culminated in the establishment of multi-party democracy in 1991–1994, which created the conditions for a more liberated, but still contested discursive field. The paper concludes with a brief analysis of this process, including a comparison with twenty-first century cultural and social struggles for democracy.
Reflections on a workshop on popular education, direct action and the arts in tackling environmental justice struggles, held at the World Education Forum in Palestine, October 2010
Authors: Scandrett Eurig , Glass Dan , Nada-Rajah Rebecca 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACT
This case study describes a piece of emersion theatre conducted during a workshop at the World Education Forum in Ramallah, Palestine in 2010. The piece explores the relationship between three different approaches to political change: popular education; direct action and art – using the scenario of a campaign against environmental pollution. The workshop was designed to focus critically on the tensions between the three approaches with a view to understand better their contributions to radical social change. The case study describes the theoretical background as well as the insights from the workshop.
Eine neue Form von Cavity Enhanced Absorption Spectroscopy
Authors: Petermann Christian , Fischer Peer 
Published: January 2012

Zusammenfassung
Wir stellen eine Kopplungsmethode für resonatorgestützte Absorptionsmessungen vor, bei der Licht durch einen im Resonator platzierten akustooptischen Modulator aktiv ein- und ausgekoppelt wird. Dies ermöglicht es Cavity-Ring-Down-Spektroskopie (CRDS) mit breitbandigen und zeitlich inkohärenten Lichtquellen niedriger spektraler Leistungsdichte durchzuführen. Das Verfahren wird zum ersten Mal mit einer breitbandigen Superkontinuum-Quelle demonstriert.
Sensitive and Fast Gas Sensor for Wide Variety of Applications Based on Novel Differential Infrared Photoacoustic Principle
Authors: Kauppinen Ismo , Branders Arto , Uotila Juho , Sinisalo Sauli , Kauppinen Jyrki , Kuusela Tom 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
A modular sensor concept for various gas measurement applications requiring high sensitivity and fast response time is presented. The proposed differential photoacoustic detection combines the selectivity of the traditional absorption method and the high sensitivity of the novel cantilever enhanced photoacoustic detector. High precision is achieved using short optical path length resulting in fast response time and wide dynamic measurement range. An example realization for greenhouse gas flux measurement is presented.
Systemintegration von Sensoren für fluoreszenzbasierte Lab-on-a-Chip Systeme
Authors: Witte Andreas , Schmitt Robert 
Published: January 2012

Zusammenfassung
Lab-on-a-Chip Systeme sind wesentlicher Bestandteil der aktuellen Forschung und werden vermehrt auch im Bereich der klinischen Krankheitsdiagnose eingesetzt. Die Systemintegration von Sensoren zur Analyse von Proben stellt eine besondere Herausforderung an den Designprozess und die Entwicklung aller Systemkomponenten dar. In diesem Beitrag werden diese Anforderungen zusammengefasst und das entwickelte Analysesystem gezeigt.
SensMiLi: Absolutes Wegmess-System aus einer diffraktiven q-nären Pseudo-Zufalls-Sequenz
Authors: Wibbing Daniel , Binder Josef , Schinköthe Wolfgang , Pauly Christoph , Gachot Carsten , Mücklich Frank 
Published: January 2012

Zusammenfassung
Es wird ein neuartiges Prinzip für ein optisch absolut codiertes Wegmess-System vorgestellt, das auf der Beugung von Licht beruht. Optimiert für die Integration in Miniatur-Linearmotoren soll es diese zu hochdynamischen, mikrometergenauen Bewegungen in Reinräumen befähigen. Zum ersten Mal wird gezeigt wie q-näre Pseudo-Zufalls-Sequenzen durch optische Beugung codiert werden können und so u. a. Verbesserungen bzgl. Code-Effizienz, Integrationsfähigkeit und Robustheit ermöglichen.
Miniaturisierte Infrarot-Spektrometer zur Ölzustandsüberwachung in Offshore-Windkraftgetrieben
Authors: Wiesent Benjamin R. , Dorigo Daniel G. , Şimşek Özlem , Koch Alexander W. 
Published: January 2012

Zusammenfassung
Infrarot-basierte Ölzustandssensoren liefern wertvolle Informationen über den Zustand von Getrieben und ermöglichen somit die langfristige Planung von Wartungsarbeiten. Derzeit verfügbare Systeme basieren meist auf nicht-dispersiven Verfahren und liefern lediglich Information über einen einzelnen Ölalterungsparameter. Zudem sind sie oftmals nur auf einen Öltyp angepasst. Miniaturisierte Infrarotspektrometer bieten die Möglichkeit, viele relevante Ölalterungsparameter simultan zu erfassen, und sind dabei gleichzeitig auf einen großen Kreis von Öltypen anwendbar. In diesem Beitrag präsentieren wir eine Methode zur Wahl eines geeigneten Spektralapparates auf Basis einer Multivariaten Kalibration. Dabei zeigen und diskutieren wir Einschränkungen der jeweiligen Spektralapparate im Hinblick auf spektrale Bandbreite, Auflösung und SNR auf die Güte der spektralen Datenauswertung. Im weiteren werden die Realisierung und Messergebnisse eines miniaturisierten Infrarotspektrometers auf Basis eines Linear Variablen Filters (LVF) zur Getriebeölüberwachung von Offshore-Windkraftgetrieben vorgestellt.
The Effect of the Strictness of Consultation Requirements on Fraud Consultation
Authors: Gold Anna , Knechel W. Robert , Wallage Philip 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACT
We investigate how the strictness of a requirement to consult on potential client fraud affects auditors' propensity to consult with firm experts. We consider two specific forms of guidance about fraud consultations: (1) strict, i.e., mandatory and binding; and (2) lenient, i.e., advisory and non-binding. We predict that a strict consultation requirement will lead to greater propensity to consult, particularly under certain client- and engagement-related conditions. Results from two experiments with 163 Dutch audit managers and partners demonstrate that consultation propensity is higher under a strict consultation requirement, but only when underlying fraud risk is high. The strictness effect is also greater under tight versus relaxed time pressure. Further, a strict standard increases auditors' perceived probability that a fraud indicator exists. Overall, we demonstrate that the formulation of a standard can have the desired effect on the judgments of auditors while also creating unexpected incentives that may influence auditor judgments.
Data Availability: The data used in this study are available upon request from the authors.
How Do Cross-Country Differences in Corporate Tax Rates Affect Firm Value?
Authors: Bryant-Kutcher Lisa A. , Guenther David A. , Jackson Mark 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACT
We examine how differences in corporate tax rates across countries affect firm value for U.S. multinationals. Although competition for tax benefits may increase non-tax costs, in an international setting, transaction costs and other frictions may prevent tax differences from being completely competed away. We find that firm value, as measured by Tobin's q, is negatively related to foreign effective tax rates. This result is robust to the presence of growth and risk proxies and other control variables in the model. Our results provide empirical evidence that (1) differences in corporate tax rates are not completely offset by non-tax costs, and (2) the differences in tax costs are reflected in higher firm value for the low tax rate firms.