bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Navigated vs. conventional implant insertion for maxillary single tooth replacement
Authors: Kramer Franz‐Josef , Baethge Carola , Swennen Gwen , Rosahl Steffen 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIntroduction: Computer‐guided navigation has proven a valuable tool in several surgical disciplines. During oral implant placement, its application is intended to accomplish optimal implant localization and to reduce the risk of damage to adjacent structures. The aim of this study was to compare the precision limits of conventional vs. navigated implant insertion in practice.Materials and methods: In cast models of the maxilla, implants were inserted to replace the left central incisor (n=40) and the right canine (n=40); each of those were inserted either conventionally (n=20) or navigated (n=20). Implant position, angulation and insertion depth were calculated from computer tomography scans of the implants that were connected to an index abutment of 40 cm length.Results: The variations of implant positions were reduced for implants that were inserted by navigation (P<0.05). In both the axial and the transversal plane, the variations of implant angulations were reduced for implants that were inserted by a navigation protocol (P<0.05). The variations of insertion depth were less (P<0.05) when the implants were placed by navigation in comparison with conventional insertion procedures.Conclusions: Given the experimental conditions, although they tried to mimic a clinical situation, no final conclusions can be drawn. The in vitro application of a navigation system resulted in an improved precision of insertion surgery regarding the position, angulation and depth of an implant. Clinical studies will have to prove if routine image guidance will result in superior surgical outcome.
Oral rehabilitation after mandibular reconstruction using an osteocutaneous fibula free flap with endosseous implants
Authors: Iizuka Tateyuki , Häfliger Jörg , Seto Ichiro , Rahal Akram , Mericske‐Stern Regina , Smolka Koord 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBackground: The development of endosseous implants and free vascularized bone grafting has permitted increased possibilities of oromandibular reconstruction in patients with oral cancer. In this study, a concept combining surgical and prosthodontic treatments for mandibular fibula free flap reconstruction after tumor surgery was made based on a classification of bone defects. A follow‐up study was performed to evaluate the treatment concept for oral rehabilitation in order to identify possible factors which may influence the functional result.Material and methods: A follow‐up examination included 28 patients who underwent the ablative tumor surgery and mandibular reconstruction during a 4‐year period. The follow‐up protocol included clinical examination, radiological evaluation, and an interview using a standardized questionnaire. The timing of the study was set to allow for a minimum 2‐year follow‐up (mean 45 months).Results and conclusion: At the time of examination, prosthesis‐based oral rehabilitation was completed in six patients (21%), and the prosthodontic work was still unfinished in four other patients. The other 18 had no dental prosthetic rehabilitation. Thirteen patients received a total of 37 oral implants, and 23 implants were functionally loaded. No implant loss was recorded. Oral functions such as speech, diet tolerance and oral competence were not directly affected by the presence of dentures. A decisive factor affecting the oral function was the extent of soft‐tissue loss. According to the classification described here, the extent of the mandibular defect did not correlate with oral functions. The application of oral implants seemed to be advantageous for the oral rehabilitation of patients who had undergone intraoral resections.
Prospective evaluation of the systemic inflammatory marker C‐reactive protein in patients with end‐stage periodontitis getting teeth replaced with dental implants: a pilot investigation
Authors: Rahman Amin ur , Rashid Saqib , Noon Rizwana , Samuel Zeerak S. , Lu Bing , Borgnakke Wenche S. , Williams Ray C. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractObjectives: Serum C‐reactive protein (CRP) has been shown to be a risk predictor for cardiovascular disease. Periodontal treatment reduces elevated CRP levels. The aim of this pilot investigation was to evaluate if dental implants placed after extractions in patients with end‐stage periodontitis affect the serum CRP levels.Material and methods: Serum CRP levels in 10 subjects with end‐stage periodontitis were measured prior to tooth extraction and placement of dental implants, and at 3‐month intervals for a year post‐operatively. Univariate repeated measures analysis of variance was used to estimate and test the changes in CRP levels over time.Results: Mean CRP levels decreased significantly following tooth extraction and replacement with dental implants from 3.45 to 1.55 mg/dl after 12 months (P<0.01). Six‐, 9‐, and 12‐month post‐implant placement mean CRP values were statistically significantly different from the mean pre‐operative CRP value (P<0.01).Conclusions: The pilot data suggest that extraction of advanced periodontally involved teeth and their replacement with dental implants lead to a decrease in CRP levels, and dental implant placement does not change the lowered CRP levels over a 12‐month period.
Success rate of palatal orthodontic implants: a prospective longitudinal study
Authors: Männchen Roland , Schätzle Marc 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAim: The purpose of this prospective cohort study was to assess the survival and success rates of palatal implants.Material and methods: Seventy patients (56 female, 14 male; age 25‐6 ± 10‐8 years) receiving Orthosystem® (Straumann AG, Basel, Switzerland) palatal implants from March 1999 to November 2006 were included. The indication was established according to the required anchorage for orthodontic therapy. All implants were placed in a mid‐sagittal, median or paramedian palatal location by the same surgeon. They were orthodontically loaded after a healing period of 8–16 weeks (Mean: 12.8 weeks).Results and discussion: Of the initially 70 consecutively admitted patients, two implants in two patients were not primary stable after installation and had to be removed. Of the 70 initially installed palatal implants, 67 implants or 95.7% osseointegrated successfully and were loaded actively and/or passively for approximately 19 months. Only one implant of the 67 osseointegrated implants lost its stability under orthodontic loading. By the time of re‐evaluation, 20 palatal implants were still used for orthodontic therapy, while 46 implants had been removed after completed orthodontic therapy. By only analyzing those, the success rate of the initially installed implants was 92%.Conclusions: Orthodontic palatal implants with a rough surface are predictable and highly reliable devices for a multitude of maxillary orthodontic treatment options. The survival and success rates for palatal orthodontic implants are comparable to dental implants installed for dental prostheses.
Impact of local and systemic factors on the incidence of late oral implant loss
Authors: Alsaadi Ghada , Quirynen Marc , Komárek Arnošt , Van Steenberghe Daniel 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBackground: This retrospective study was set to assess the influence of systemic and local bone and intra‐oral factors on the occurrence of implant loss from abutment connection up to 2 years.Materials and methods: The files of 700 patients, have been collected randomly from the total patient group treated by means of endosseous Brånemark® system implants (Nobel Biocare, Gothenburg, Sweden) at the Department of Periodontology of the University Hospital of the Catholic University of Leuven. The end point observation was evaluating the loss of the implants 2 years after abutment installation. The study involved all implants that did not encounter early loss and implants for which it was possible to evaluate its status 2 years after abutment surgery.Thus, data of 412 patients (240 females) provided with 1514 implants were analyzed. For each patient, the medical history was carefully checked. Data collection and analysis were mainly focused on endogenous factors such as hypertension, coagulation problems, osteoporosis, hypo‐ hyperthyroidism, chemotherapy, diabetes type I or II, Crohn's disease, some local factors [e.g. bone quality and quantity, implant (length, diameter, location), type of edentulism, PTV, radiotherapy], smoking habits, and breach of sterility during surgery.Results: Radiotherapy, implant (diameter and location), and higher PTV at implant insertion and abutment connection, all affected significantly the implant loss.Conclusion: Implant location in the oral cavity and radiotherapy seem predominant to explain the occurrence of implant loss. On the other hand, smoking and systemic health factors do not seem to be prominent players in the etiology of late implant loss.
Anatomic site evaluation of the palatal bone for temporary orthodontic anchorage devices
Authors: Wehrbein Heinrich 
Published: September 2010

Abstract:Objectives: The aim of the present study was to assess the micromorphologic characteristics of the palatal bone from an implantologic standpoint.Materials and Methods: The material consisted of tissue blocks of autopsy material from 22 subjects (18 males, three females) between 18 and 63 years of age. The specimens comprised the anterior median palatal region from 5 to 10 mm behind the incisive foramen. They were prepared in the transversal plane according to ground thin‐section technology. The midpalatal area as well as an area of 3 mm bilateral to the midline were assessed, and a classification of quantitative palatal bone availability was developed.Results: The findings could be divided into three classes: (1) class I palatal bone consists almost of compact bone; (2) class II cortical bone layer on oral and nasal sides of palate, broad compact bone in the suture area (≥3 mm), loose trabecular bone lateral to the suture area; and (3) class III cortical bone on oral and nasal side, thin compact bone in the suture area (<3 mm) and loose‐structured trabecular bone lateral to the suture area. In most sections (72.7%), class I characteristics were found (16 subjects). 18.2% of sections were assigned to class II (four subjects) and only 9.1% of sections were assigned to class III (two subjects).Conclusion: These results document that in most cases a good primary stability of temporary orthodontic anchorage devices should be achieved in the midpalatal and paramedian area of the anterior palate, as the bone quantity available is high.
Comparison of the GOHAI and OHIP‐14 as measures of the oral health‐related quality of life of the elderly
Authors: Locker David , Matear David , Stephens Marlene , Lawrence Herenia , Payne Barbara 
Published: September 2010

Abstract – Objectives: This paper compares the performance of the GOHAI and the OHIP‐14 as measures of the oral health‐related quality of life of the compromised elderly. Methods: Data were obtained from a cross‐sectional survey of 225 participants, most of whom lived in a large geriatric care centre. Results: The mean age of subjects was 83 years and the majority had one or more chronic medical conditions and physical disabilities. Their main oral problems were high rates of tooth loss and xerostomia. Additive and simple count methods were used to derive GOHAI and OHIP‐14 scores. Using the additive method, 8.4% had aGOHAI score of zero and 30.3% an OHIP‐14 score of zero. Using the simple count method the percentage with a score of zero was 15.1% and 45.8%. Both measures discriminated between dentate subjects with and without one or more dentures, with and without a chewing problem and with and without dry mouth. Both also showed significant associations with self‐rated oral health and satisfaction with oral health status. Associations tended to be stronger between GOHAI scores and these variables. The measures were equally good at predicting overall psychological well‐being and life satisfaction. Although the GOHAI identified more oral functional and psychosocial impacts than the OHIP‐14, neither was markedly superior to the other when used as discriminatory measures. However, the high prevalence of subjects with zero scores may compromise the ability of the OHIP‐14 to detect within‐subject change.
Effects of high ambient temperature and restricted feed intake on nitrogen utilization for milk production in lactating Holstein cows
Authors: KAMIYA Mitsuru , IWAMA Yuko , TANAKA Masahito , SHIOYA Shigeru 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTThree experiments were performed to examine the effects of high ambient temperature and feed restriction on nitrogen (N) utilization in lactating cows. Experiment 1 investigated N utilization in four cows fed ad libitum in a 2 × 2 crossover design under constant moderate (18°C) or high (28°C) ambient temperatures. The milk N secretion (P < 0.01) and protein concentration (P < 0.05) decreased under high ambient temperature. Experiment 2 investigated N utilization in four cows under constant moderate ambient temperature in a 2 × 2 crossover design with ad libitum or 70% ad libitum feed intake. The milk N secretion and protein concentration both decreased with feed restriction (P < 0.05). Experiment 3 investigated N utilization in four cows fed 70% ad libitum in a 2 × 2 crossover design under constant moderate or high ambient temperatures. The milk protein concentration decreased under high ambient temperature (P < 0.01). The milk N secretion tended to decrease under high ambient temperature (P < 0.10). Therefore, decreased N utilization for milk production at high ambient temperature is mainly caused by a reduced feed intake and the high ambient temperature itself.
Reduced intake of dietary lysine promotes accumulation of intramuscular fat in the Longissimus dorsi muscles of finishing gilts
Authors: KATSUMATA Masaya , KOBAYASHI Shu‐ichi , MATSUMOTO Mitsuhito , TSUNEISHI Eisaku , KAJI Yuji 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTThe present study was conducted to elucidate the effect of dietary lysine levels on the intramuscular fat (IMF) content in the Longissimus dorsi (L. dorsi) muscles of finishing gilts. Eleven gilts in total from two litters of pigs aged 110 days were used. The average initial bodyweight of the pigs was 61.7 kg. Six pigs were assigned to the low lysine (LL) diet group (lysine content: 0.43 or 0.40%) and five pigs were assigned to the control group (lysine content: 0.65 or 0.68%). The diets were iso‐energetic and iso‐protein, and contained all essential amino acids (apart from lysine) in the recommended amounts. The pigs were fed these diets until their live weights reached 110 kg. Live weight gain and feed efficiency tended to be lower in the LL group (P = 0.118 andP = 0.052, respectively). Pigs from the LL group took 5 days longer to reach 110 kg (P < 0.01). The IMF content in the L. dorsi of the LL group was twice as high as that of the control group (6.7 vs 3.5%;P < 0.01). The percentage of oleic acid in the L. dorsi of the LL group tended to be higher than that of the control group (P = 0.052), whereas the percentage of linoleic acid and the total percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the L. dorsi were lower (P < 0.05) in the LL group. Free L‐carnitine content in the L. dorsi was lower (P < 0.05) in the LL group. The average abundance of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma mRNA in the L. dorsi of the LL group was threefold higher than that of the control group. The leptin mRNA abundance in the L. dorsi of the LL group was 3.3‐fold higher than that of the control group (P < 0.01). These results suggest that a higher activity of adipogenesis may have been involved in the promoted accumulation of IMF in the L. dorsi muscles of pigs, induced by a dietary LL level.
Oral administration of β‐alanine modifies carnosine concentrations in the muscles and brains of chickens
Authors: TOMONAGA Shozo , KAJI Yuji , TACHIBANA Tetsuya , DENBOW D. Michael , FURUSE Mitsuhiro 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTCarnosine, and its derivative anserine, are known to function as anti‐oxidants and putative neurotransmitters. They are especially rich in the breast muscle (Musculus pectoralis superficialis, MPS) of chickens. To clarify whether the concentrations of carnosine and anserine are altered by dietary management, the effect of oral administration of their constituent, β‐alanine (β‐Ala), was determined in the MPS and brains of chickens. Birds were orally administered β‐Ala (22 mmol/kg) twice a day for five consecutive days (from 2 to 6 days old). In the MPS, carnosine was increased by β‐Ala, whereas anserine and taurine were decreased. The concentrations of other free amino acids in the MPS were also modified by β‐Ala. In the brain, the oral administration of β‐Ala increased anserine and carnosine and decreased taurine, but caused no changes to other free amino acid concentrations. These results suggest that orally administered β‐Ala increases carnosine concentrations in both the MPS and brains of chickens. However, the effects of β‐Ala on other concentrations differ depending on the tissues.
Functional role of type VI collagen during early feather development of the chicken embryo in vitro
Authors: KOBAYASHI Ken , FUKUNAGA Shigeharu , TAKENOUCHI Kazuaki , KATO‐MORI Yuko , NAKAMURA Fumio 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTThe regulatory function of type VI collagen during early feather development in embryonic chickens was investigated at the cellular and organ levels. Immunohistochemical studies of embryonic chicken skin showed that type VI collagen was distributed in spatial‐specific and temporal‐specific manners related to early feather development. To clarify the role of type VI collagen, we studied the feather development in intact, reconstituted and reconstituted gel skin cultures. When ethyl‐3,4‐dihydroxybenzoate (EDHB) was added to the medium of intact skin as an inhibitor of type VI collagen synthesis, the feather buds did not elongate and the number of neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM)‐positive cells was reduced. However, the magnitudes of both suppressive effects of EDHB were reduced by the addition of liquid type VI collagen. Similar improvement was also observed in the reconstituted skin with liquid type VI collagen and in the reconstituted gel skin with solid type VI collagen at a low concentration. Moreover, type VI collagen promoted feather bud development in the absence of EDHB. However, a high concentration of solid type VI collagen in the reconstituted gel skin arrested the feather bud elongation, and antitype VI collagen antibodies caused feather buds to become longer and smaller in the reconstituted skin. At the cellular level, type VI collagen affected the proliferation, migration and NCAM expression of mesenchymal cells. These results suggest that type VI collagen regulates early feather development by controlling mesenchymal cell behavior.
Comparative digestion of cell wall components of alfalfa hay cubes between Sika deer (Cervus nippon) and cattle
Authors: ASANO Sanae , IKEDA Shoshichi , KASUYA Natuski , KUROKAWA Yuzo , KANDA Shuhei , ITABASHI Hisao 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTFour female Sika deer (mean bodyweight, 48 kg) and three male Holstein cattle (mean bodyweight, 209 kg) were offered alfalfa hay cubes at 2% (deer) and 2.5% (cattle) of bodyweight, respectively. The digestibility of the cell walls and cell wall components (rhamnose, arabinose, xylose, mannose, galactose and glucose) in alfalfa and its retention time of the alfalfa in the digestive tract and rumen parameters were determined. Cell walls and xylose were less digestible in the deer than in the cattle (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively). The digestibility of galactose in the deer was as high as that in the cattle. The digestibility of the other sugars and total neutral sugars was numerically lower in the deer, but the differences were not significant. In the deer, mannose was most digestible, followed in order by galactose, arabinose, glucose, rhamnose and xylose; whereas, in the cattle, mannose was most digestible, followed in order by arabinose, glucose, galactose, rhamnose and xylose. The retention time in the digestive tract was shorter in the deer than in the cattle. In the deer, the number of ruminal protozoa was somewhat higher, and the concentrations of propionic acid and butyric acid were higher (P < 0.05) than in the cattle. These results indicate that Sika deer might utilize pectic polysaccharides as a carbon source in preference to glucose containing polysaccharides such as cellulose. The lower digestibility of all cell wall components except galactose in the Sika deer might be mainly due to its shorter retention time.
Predominant expression of growth hormone secretagogue receptor in the caudal lobe of chicken pituitary and parallel developmental increase in expression of pituitary GH and proventriculus ghrelin mRNA
Authors: YAMAMOTO Ichiro , YOSHIMURA Yukinori , TSUKADA Akira , KANSAKU Norio , TSUSHIMA Nobumichi , TANAKA Minoru 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTTo examine the involvement of ghrelin in growth hormone (GH) synthesis in the chicken pituitary, the regional distribution of GH secretagogue receptor (GHS‐R)/ghrelin receptor was investigated. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (Q‐PCR) analysis revealed that the expression levels of GHS‐R and GH mRNA in the caudal lobe were about fourfold and sevenfold higher in the cephalic lobe of 7 day‐old chickens, respectively. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that GHS‐R immunoreactivity was more abundant in the caudal lobe than in the cephalic lobe, as was the case for GH immunoreactivity. By Q‐PCR, parallel increases were observed in the expression levels of ghrelin mRNA in the proventriculus and GH mRNA in the pituitary from embryonic day 17 to day 7 after hatching, whereas no significant change was found in the expression levels of GHS‐R mRNA in the pituitary during this period. These results suggest that proventriculus‐derived ghrelin may participate in pituitary GH synthesis by acting on its receptor during late embryonic development and the early post‐hatching period in chickens.
The development of angiotensin I‐converting enzyme inhibitor derived from chicken bone protein
Authors: CHENG Fu‐Yuan , LIU Yu‐Tse , WAN Tien‐Chun , LIN Liang‐Chuan , SAKATA Ryoichi 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTIn order to produce angiotensin I‐converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor for application in functional food, chicken bones were gathered from a meat processing factory and then hydrolyzed with Alcalase, pepsin and trypsin for 12 h. The hydrolysates were lyophilized, stored at −80°C and tested experimentally every 2 h for pH value, peptide content, degree of hydrolysis (DH), electrophoresis and activity of ACE inhibitor. The hydrolysates of Alcalase had the highest peptide content and DH. The components of more than 66 kDa had disappeared in hydrolysates of Alcalase and trypsin after 2 h of hydrolysis. The hydrolysates of Alcalase were more active in inhibiting ACE, especially when hydrolyzed at 4 and 8 h, and also had low IC50 values of 1.960 and 0.945 mg/mL. According to the results of DH and electrophoresis, the higher activity of ACE inhibitor is assumed to be derived from the low molecular peptides in hydrolysates of Alcalase. Chicken leg bone has a high potential to be utilized to develop ACE inhibitory peptides as a potential ingredient of functional food intended to alleviate hypertension.