bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association Between Visceral Obesity Index and Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Deng Ruixue , Chen Weijie , Zhang Zepeng , Zhang Jingzhou , Wang Ying , Sun Baichuan , Yin Kai , Cao Jingsi , Fan Xuechun , Zhang Yuan , Liu Huan , Fang Jinxu , Song Jiamei , Yu Bin , Mi Jia , Li Xiangyan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Content
The correlation between visceral obesity index (VAI) and diabetes and accuracy of early prediction of diabetes are still controversial.

Objective
This study aims to review the relationship between high level of VAI and diabetes and early predictive value of diabetes.

Data Sources
The databases of PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and Web of Science were searched until October 17, 2023.

Study Selection
After adjusting for confounding factors, the original study on the association between VAI and diabetes was analyzed.

Data Extraction
We extracted odds ratio (OR) between VAI and diabetes management after controlling for mixed factors, and the sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic 4-grid table for early prediction of diabetes.

Data Synthesis
Fifty-three studies comprising 595 946 participants were included. The findings of the meta-analysis elucidated that in cohort studies, a high VAI significantly increased the risk of diabetes mellitus in males (OR = 2.83 [95% CI, 2.30-3.49]) and females (OR = 3.32 [95% CI, 2.48-4.45]). The receiver operating characteristic, sensitivity, and specificity of VAI for early prediction of diabetes in males were 0.64 (95% CI, .62–.66), 0.57 (95% CI, .53–.61), and 0.65 (95% CI, .61–.69), respectively, and 0.67 (95% CI, .65–.69), 0.66 (95% CI, .60–.71), and 0.61 (95% CI, .57–.66) in females, respectively.

Conclusion
VAI is an independent predictor of the risk of diabetes, yet its predictive accuracy remains limited. In future studies, determine whether VAI can be used in conjunction with other related indicators to early predict the risk of diabetes, to enhance the accuracy of prediction of the risk of diabetes.
Every Picture Tells A Story: Managing Exertional Heatstroke with Rotating Ice Water Towels
Authors: Roberts William O. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A 23-year-old woman completing her first marathon collapsed near the finish line at 4 hours 6 min with a rectal temperature of 41.8°C. She was in good health before the race with no recent illness, had completed a full training program, and was taking no medications or supplements. On the initial exam, she was unconscious with a response to painful stimulus, spontaneous breathing, rapid pulse, eyes closed, fully dilated pupils, poor muscle tone, and pale skin that was warm to touch. The medical team initiated whole-body cooling using rapidly rotating ice water towels and ice packs placed in the neck, axilla, and groin. She developed echolalia during active cooling. About 20 minutes into the cooling procedure, she “woke up,” was able to answer questions coherently, and her pupils were normal size and reactive. She was discharged home with instructions to follow-up in 2 d for evaluation and blood chemistry testing.
Unconventional Monetary Policy Transmission and Bank Lending Relationships
Authors: Cahn Christophe , Duquerroy Anne , Mullins William 
Published: May 2024

Firms with only one bank relationship make up the majority of firms in many economies. This paper explores whether policy-driven lending is differentially transmitted to single-bank firms in comparison with the multibank firms that are the focus of the literature. Using unique variation in the ECB’s very long-term refinancing operations (VLTROs), which affected lending to firms discontinuously across credit ratings but within banks, we find selective transmission of VLTRO liquidity to single-bank firms. Banks apply higher lending standards to single-bank firms, with banking relationships determining both new lending and lending maturity. By contrast, banks appear to transmit policy lending near-uniformly across multibank firms. This paper was accepted by David Sraer, finance. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.01871 .
Wellbeing, support and intention to leave: a survey of nurses, midwives and healthcare support workers in Wales
Authors: Gammon John , Hunt Julian , Holland Peter , Tham Tse Leng , Williams Sharon 
Published: May 2024

Background/Aims Low morale and burnout is a widely acknowledged problem among healthcare professionals, with implications for staffing levels and quality of care. This study aimed to provide insight into the wellbeing of nurses, midwives and healthcare support workers, and propose strategies to support a resilient workforce and organisational development. Methods An online survey was conducted with 462 nursing and midwifery staff at one NHS health board in Wales. Validated scales were used to measure key indicators, such as workload, bullying and burnout. Descriptive analysis was undertaken of the quantitative data and content analysis of the qualitative data. Results The survey found high levels of work intensification and burnout, with considerable proportions of respondents reporting intentions to leave their job and profession. Low levels of organisational support and trust in senior management were reported, which qualitative analysis indicated was contributing to intention to leave. Conclusions Healthcare leaders need to place more importance on the wellbeing of staff and consider the impact of workplace climate. An inclusive, localised approach to challenges in the working climate is recommended to effectively promote a resilient and sustainable workforce.
Ruínas da Igreja Velha de Itabaiana-SE
Authors: De Oliveira Menezes Wanderlei 
Published: May 2024

Esta pesquisa tem por objeto a história da Igreja Velha de Itabaiana, hoje em ruínas, situada no povoado de mesmo nome, na zona rural de Itabaiana, Sergipe. Estudamos a história desse patrimônio cultural material itabaianenses, procurando compreender o contexto de sua edificação, usos e desusos. Nesse contexto, procuramos inserir a história local dentro desse estudo associada às lendas que giravam entorno das ruínas em tempos remotos. O local onde se encontra atualmente o município de Itabaiana era conhecido no século XVII como Caatinga de Ayres da Rocha. Em 1668, o sítio passa a ser propriedade do Padre Sebastião Pedrosa Góes que o vende à Irmandade das Almas, entidade religiosa fundada em 1665, com a condição de nele ser edificado um templo sob a invocação de Santo Antônio e Almas de Itabaiana. Com isso, a sede municipal é transferida, em 1675, do arraial de Santo Antônio para o terreno adquirido pela irmandade. Esse fato histórico é incorporado à história através da lenda de Santo Antônio fujão, segundo a qual Santo Antônio estava insatisfeito por ter sido colocado em um templo em terreno particular e resolveu fugir rotineiramente e se estabelecer numa quixabeira, até o dia em que lhe construíram uma igreja. Após isso, a primitiva igreja sofre processo de paulatino desuso. No século passado, começa a ser transformada em patrimônio cultural por seu valor simbólico e histórico para a comunidade itabaianense, ligando-se as origens históricas e lendárias da cidade serrana.
Extended-depth-of-field imaging with an ultra-thin folded lens
Authors: Zhang Lehan , Wang Shuo , Li Dachao , Zhu Meng , Li Yuhai , Xie Na , Zhang Hongxia , Jia Dagong 
Published: May 2024

Optical systems with extended depth of field (EDOF) are crucial for observation and measurement applications, where achieving compactness and a substantial depth of field (DOF) presents a considerable challenge with conventional optical elements. In this paper, we propose an innovative solution for the miniaturization of EDOF imaging systems by introducing an ultra-thin annular folded lens (AFL). To validate the practical feasibility of the theory, we design an annular four-folded lens with an effective focal length of 80.91 mm and a total thickness of only 8.50 mm. Simulation results show that the proposed folded lens has a DOF of 380.55 m. We further developed an AFL-based test system exhibiting a resolution of 0.11 mrad across a wide wavelength range of 486–656 nm. Additionally, we present experimental results from a miniature compact prototype, which further highlights the promising potential of folded lenses for long-range EDOF imaging.
Development of raw-image ray-bundling for focused and unfocused plenoptic 3D-PTV
Authors: Chen Yusheng , Chen Chiencheng , Tan Zu Puayen 
Published: May 2024

This paper introduces a new plenoptic 3D particle tracking velocimetry (3D-PTV) technique called raw-image ray-bundling (RIRB), which combines the 3D clustering algorithm of light-field ray-bundling (LFRB) with the raw image segmentation concept of epipolar triangular connectivity (ETC). The combined approach provides flexibility towards accommodating both unfocused and focused plenoptic cameras. Additionally, the RIRB algorithm bypasses the computational step of perspective-view generation in LFRB, thereby allowing lower specification microlens arrays (MLA) to be used without excessive loss of measurement resolution. As part of RIRB’s development, synthetic particle-field data and experimental dot-panel targets were used to demonstrate the viability of RIRB. The latter was performed through a VEO640 high-speed camera retrofitted for plenoptic imaging with a 2.5 mm focal-length, F/10 MLA. For the synthetic dataset, RIRB demonstrated better performance than LFRB in processing low-resolution images, with mean errors below 0.85% of the field-of-view (FOV). Additionally, a synthetic Hagen-Poiseuille flow dataset was used to demonstrate the feasibility of RIRB for 3D flow velocimetry using both high and low-resolution images. For the experimental dataset, x/y errors below 0.15% of the FOV and z error below 1.0% were achieved. The combination of synthetic and experimental validations suggests RIRB is a promising approach for 3D triangulation from both focused and unfocused raw plenoptic images, overcoming the low-resolution issue inherent with perspective-view decoding in plenoptic systems.
ACcurate COnsensus Reporting Document (ACCORD) explanation and elaboration: Guidance and examples to support reporting consensus methods
Authors: Logullo Patricia , van Zuuren Esther J. , Winchester Christopher C. , Tovey David , Gattrell William T. , Price Amy , Harrison Niall , Goldman Keith , Chisholm Alison , Walters Kirsty , Blazey Paul 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundWhen research evidence is limited, inconsistent, or absent, healthcare decisions and policies need to be based on consensus amongst interested stakeholders. In these processes, the knowledge, experience, and expertise of health professionals, researchers, policymakers, and the public are systematically collected and synthesised to reach agreed clinical recommendations and/or priorities. However, despite the influence of consensus exercises, the methods used to achieve agreement are often poorly reported. The ACCORD (ACcurate COnsensus Reporting Document) guideline was developed to help report any consensus methods used in biomedical research, regardless of the health field, techniques used, or application. This explanatory document facilitates the use of the ACCORD checklist.Methods and findingsThis paper was built collaboratively based on classic and contemporary literature on consensus methods and publications reporting their use. For each ACCORD checklist item, this explanation and elaboration document unpacks the pieces of information that should be reported and provides a rationale on why it is essential to describe them in detail. Furthermore, this document offers a glossary of terms used in consensus exercises to clarify the meaning of common terms used across consensus methods, to promote uniformity, and to support understanding for consumers who read consensus statements, position statements, or clinical practice guidelines. The items are followed by examples of reporting items from the ACCORD guideline, in text, tables and figures.ConclusionsThe ACCORD materials – including the reporting guideline and this explanation and elaboration document – can be used by anyone reporting a consensus exercise used in the context of health research. As a reporting guideline, ACCORD helps researchers to be transparent about the materials, resources (both human and financial), and procedures used in their investigations so readers can judge the trustworthiness and applicability of their results/recommendations.
Practice and factors associated with pediatrics pain management among nurses working in Bahir Dar city public hospitals: A mixed method study
Authors: Berihun Bekele , Fentahun Netsanet , Asmare Lakew , Yigzaw Zeamanuel Anteneh 
Published: May 2024

Background
Pain is the most misunderstood, underdiagnosed, and undertreated/untreated medical problem, particularly in children. The main aim of this study was to assess practice and factors associated with pediatrics pain management among nurses working in Bahir Dar city public hospitals, Amhara region, North West Ethiopia, 2022.

Method
An institutional-based cross-sectional concurrent mixed study design was conducted on randomly selected 421 nurses from November 1 to 30/2022. Purposively selected 8 nurses in different positions and qualifications were included in a qualitative study. A structured self-administered questionnaire and a semi-structured in-depth interview questionnaire were used for data collection. Epi info version 7.1 was used for data entry and SPSS version 25 was used for analysis. ATLAS ti version 7.0 and thematic analysis were used for qualitative study. Binary logistic regression was done to identify predictor variables associated with outcome variables at p <0.05 with a 95% confidence interval. Hosmer and Lemeshow’s tests were checked for model goodness of fit, which was 0.71.

Result
The good practice of pediatric pain management among nurses for hospitalized children was 216 (53.6%) (95% CI- 48.4% to 58.3%). Knowledge [AOR = 3.95; 95%CI: (2.30, 6.79)], attitude [AOR = 2.57; 95% CI: (1.53–4.30)], qualified in BSC pediatrics and child health nurses [AOR = 6.53; 95%CI: (1.56–27.25)], year of experience in pediatrics unit [(AOR = 1.92; 95% CI: (1.03–3.56)] and gating pain management training [AOR = 3.31; 95% CI: (1.73–6.33)] were significant factors. Four themes inadequate knowledge of pain assessment and management practice, inadequate professional commitment, organization-related factors, and impacts of family knowledge, culture, and economic status were explored.

Conclusion
Only half of the participants had good practice. Knowledge, attitude, nurses qualified in BSC pediatrics and child health, years of experience in the pediatrics department, and pain management training were associated factors. From the qualitative findings, the unavailability of anti-pain drugs, lack of training, assessment tools, continuous monitoring and evaluation, updated protocols, shortage of resources, and others were the barriers to proper pain management. This study concludes that applying effective pain management practices to hospitalized children remains a challenge. Therefore, it is better to put further effort towards improving pediatric pain management practice.
Complementary, alternative, and integrative medicine researchers’ practices and perceived barriers related to open science: An international, cross-sectional survey
Authors: Ng Jeremy Y. , Santoro Lucas J. , Cobey Kelly D. , Steel Amie , Cramer Holger , Moher David 
Published: May 2024

Introduction and objective
Open science (OS) aims to make the dissemination of knowledge and the research process transparent and accessible to everyone. With the increasing popularity of complementary, alternative, and integrative medicine (CAIM), our goal was to explore what are CAIM researchers’ practices and perceived barriers related to OS.

Methods
We conducted an anonymous online survey of researchers who published in journals listed in Scopus containing the words “complementary”, “alternative”, or “integrative” medicine in their names. We emailed 6040 researchers our purpose-built electronic survey after extracting their email address from one of their publications in our sample of journals. We questioned their familiarity with different OS concepts, along with their experiences and challenges engaging in these practices over the last 12 months.

Results
The survey was completed by 392 researchers (6.5% response rate, 97.1% completion rate). Most respondents were CAIM researchers familiar with the overall concept of OS, indicated by those actively publishing open access (OA) (n = 244, 76.0%), registering a study protocol (n = 148, 48.0%), and using reporting guidelines (n = 181, 59.0%) in the past 12 months. Preprinting, sharing raw data, and sharing study materials were less popular. A lack of funding was reported as the greatest barrier to publishing OA by most respondents (n = 252, 79.0%), and that additional funding is the most significant incentive in applying more OS practices to their research (n = 229,72.2%). With respect to preprinting barriers, 36.3% (n = 110) participants believed there are potential harms in sharing non-peer-reviewed work and 37.0% (n = 112) feared preprinting would reduce the likelihood of their manuscript being accepted by a journal. Respondents were also concerned about intellectual property control regarding sharing data (n = 94, 31.7%) and research study materials (n = 80, 28.7%).

Conclusions
Although many participants were familiar with and practiced aspects of OS, many reported facing barriers relating to lack of funding to enable OS and perceived risks of revealing research ideas and data prior to publication. Future research should monitor the adoption and implementation of OS interventions in CAIM.
Accelerated involution of germinal center in palatine tonsils in IgA nephropathy
Authors: Ueda Hiroyuki , Joh Kensuke , Ueda Yoshimi , Marumoto Hirokazu , Okabe Masahiro , Isaka Nao , Tsuboi Nobuo , Kojima Hiromi , Miyazaki Yoichi , Yokoo Takashi 
Published: May 2024

Background
Altered immunological responses in the palatine tonsils may be involved in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy (IgAN). The germinal center serves as the site for antigen-specific humoral immune responses in the palatine tonsils. Germinal center involution is frequently observed in the palatine tonsils of IgAN (IgAN tonsils). However, the pathogenic significance of these characteristic changes remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the morphological changes in secondary lymphoid follicles in IgAN tonsils and to evaluate the correlation between the morphometric results and the clinicopathological severity of IgAN.

Methods
The tonsils of age-matched patients with recurrent tonsillitis (RT tonsils) were used as controls. The correlation between the degree of lymphoid follicular involution and histopathological severities in clinical or kidney biopsy was evaluated.

Results
In total, 87 patients with IgAN were included (48% male, median age 35 years, median estimated glomerular filtration rate: 74 mL/min/1.73 m2). Compared to RT tonsils, IgAN tonsils showed smaller median sizes of lymphoid follicles and germinal centers (P < 0.001). The relative areas of lymphoid follicles (%LFA) and germinal centers (%GCA) in the total tonsillar tissue were smaller in the IgAN tonsils than in the RT tonsils (P < 0.001). In contrast, the median proportion of mantle zones in the total tonsillar tissue was comparable between the groups. A lower %LFA was associated with a longer period from the onset of urinary abnormalities to biopsy diagnosis and higher urinary protein excretion (P = 0.01). %LFA showed significant negative correlations with frequencies of glomeruli with both global and segmental sclerosis.

Conclusions
The present study confirmed accelerated germinal center involution in the tonsils of patients with IgAN. This characteristic change in the IgAN tonsil correlates with heavy proteinuria and advanced chronic histopathological changes in the kidneys, thereby suggesting the involvement of repeated tonsillar immunoreactions during IgAN progression.
Comparative analysis of pulmonary ventilation distribution between low-cost and branded incentive spirometers using electrical impedance tomography in healthy adults: Study protocol
Authors: Mera Noraelena , Wilches Luna Esther Cecilia , Benavides-Cordoba Vicente 
Published: May 2024

Background
The Incentive Spirometer (IS) increases lung volume and improves gas exchange by visually stimulating patients to take slow, deep breaths. It prevents respiratory complications and treats postoperative atelectasis in patients undergoing abdominal, thoracic, and neurosurgical procedures. Its effectiveness has been validated in studies that support improved lung capacities and volumes in individuals with respiratory complications, postoperative thoracic surgery, upper abdominal surgery, and bariatric surgery. The modified Pachón incentive spirometer (MPIS) is a cost-effective alternative to branded IS. It is crucial to validate whether the MPIS distributes ventilation as effectively as commercial devices do. Ventilation distribution will be measured using electrical impedance tomography.

Objective
The aim is to compare the distribution of pulmonary ventilation between the MPIS and another commercial IS in healthy adults using electrical impedance tomography.

Methods
A crossover clinical trial is proposed to evaluate the measurement of pulmonary ventilation distribution using EIT in a sample of healthy adults. All participants will use a commercial flow IS and the MPIS, with the order of assignment randomized. This research will use electrical impedance tomography to validate the operation of the MPIS.

Conclusions
This study protocol will compare two incentive spirometers’ impact on pulmonary ventilation, potentially endorsing the adoption of a cost-effective device to enhance accessibility for targeted populations.

Trial registration
The study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NTC05532748).