bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The status of ultrasound imaging education in Doctor of Physical Therapy program curricula: results of a national survey
Authors: Savage Nathan J. , Condo Matthew , Hodges Nicole 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
This investigation evaluated the state of ultrasound imaging (USI) education in entry-level Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) program curricula in the USA, including faculty perceptions and qualifications regarding USI and identification of potential barriers to inclusion or expansion of USI education. A review of published literature reveals that the inclusion of USI education in entry-level DPT program curricula has not been systematically investigated and is largely unknown.

Methods
Investigators created an online survey developed in QualtricsXM and distributed through email an electronic link to the program chair/director at all 258 accredited entry-level DPT programs in the USA with instructions to complete and or share with faculty.

Results
The overall response rate was 24% (65/269) and represented 54 programs from 28 of the 50 states; 70% reported including USI education in their program’s curriculum, with 91% spending < 10 h on instruction throughout their curriculum; 44% reported plans to expand USI education in their curriculum, with 85% citing expanding scope of practice and curriculum as primary reasons; 79% cited the lack of qualified instructors, lack of knowledge/training, and equipment cost as the largest barriers to the inclusion of USI education in their program’s curriculum. Whether USI is an entry-level skill was evenly split among respondents.

Conclusions
Respondents from a representative sample of entry-level DPT programs across the USA provided survey responses. Despite most respondents being knowledgeable about USI, most do not use this point-of-care imaging modality in clinical practice. Based on the results of this survey, overcoming perceived barriers is necessary to expand USI education in entry-level DPT program curricula, namely, lack of qualified instructors, lack of knowledge/training, and cost of equipment. This national survey provides original data that may stimulate discussion about innovative ways to include USI education in entry-level DPT program curricula to meet the emerging needs of our profession.
Optimization of porosity behavior of hybrid reinforced titanium metal matrix composite through RSM, ANN, and GA for multi-objective parameters
Authors: Gemeda Birhane Assefa , Sinha Devendra Kumar , Mengesha Getinet Asrat , Gautam Satyam Shivam 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTitanium matrix composites (TMCs) have high specific strength and stiffness, and high-temperature TMCs can reduce weight by up to 50% when compared with monolithic super alloys while preserving equal stiffness and strength in jet engine systems for propulsion. The purpose of this work examines the use of mathematical models and learning approaches to optimize response such as porosity and control variables in synthesized hybrid titanium metal matrix composites (HTMMCs) reinforced by B4C-SiC-MoS2-ZrO2. To further understand the impacts of process factors on porosity reduction, the study employs methodologies such as the response surface methodology (RSM), integrated artificial neural networks (ANN), and genetic algorithm (GA). The findings indicate that these strategies have the potential to contribute to the industry. The optimal combination of 7.5wt.% SiC, 7.5wt.% B4C, 7.5wt.% ZrO2, 4wt.% MoS2, and 73.5wt.% Ti compositions was determined utilizing process factors such as milling period (6h), compaction pressure (50MPa), compact duration (50min), sintering temperature (1200°C), and sintering time (2h) as compared to pure Ti grade 5. The mechanical properties of the optimum combination of reinforcement weight percentage and process parameters resulted in a minimum porosity of 0.118%, density of 4.36gcm3, and micro-hardness of 63.4HRC boosted by 1.76%, and compressive strength of 2500MPa increased by 2.6%. In addition, these HTMMCs had a minimal wear rate of 0.176mm3/Nm and a corrosion resistance rate of 2.15×10-4mmpy. The investigation result analysis discovered that the RSM and combined ANN-GA models considerably enhanced the forecasting of multidimensional interaction difficulties in composite material production that were highly statistically connected, with R2 values of 0.9552 and 0.97984. The ANN-GA model provided a 95% confidence range for porosity predictions, which increased the production use of titanium-based particle composites. Furthermore, HMMCs can be utilized in the automotive and aviation industries with enhanced corrosion and wear resistance.
Large-scale 3D inversion of semi-airborne electromagnetic data — Topography and induced polarization effects in a graphite exploration scenario
Authors: Mörbe Wiebke , Yogeshwar Pritam , Tezkan Bülent , Kotowski Philipp , Thiede Anneke , Steuer Annika , Rochlitz Raphael , Günther Thomas , Brauch Klaus , Becken Michael 
Published: May 2024

The transition toward renewable energies demands a secure supply of critical raw materials and requires efficient noninvasive methods for deep earth resource exploration. The novel, deep electromagnetic (EM) sounding for the mineral exploration semi-airborne EM (semi-AEM) exploration concept aims at the efficient exploration of resources down to a depth of 1 km. Here, we evaluate a large-scale semi-AEM exploration study in a graphite mining district in eastern Bavaria, Germany. The derived 3D semi-AEM model is based on approximately 70,000 complex-valued data points recorded using seven transmitters. Strong conductivity contrasts with dominant east–west-trending anomalies are visible. Shallow high-conductivity structures correlate well with the known occurrence of graphite and match existing helicopter-borne EM results. The main anomaly reaches down to several hundred meters depth. To investigate different interpretation scenarios for large-scale semi-AEM data, we determine the effect of topography and analyze the feasibility of fast 2D inversion applications. To validate the robustness of the 3D semi-AEM model, the data set is inverted with two different 3D inversion algorithms and the results are compared. The presence of graphite leads to significant induced polarization (IP) effects with considerably high chargeabilities superposing EM induction. We include these effects in a realistic 3D inversion using a synthetic data study to analyze if the IP effect alters the overall conductivity structure and demonstrate that the obtained 3D model is reliable.
Intimate Care Products and Incidence of Hormone-Related Cancers: A Quantitative Bias Analysis
Authors: O'Brien Katie M. , Wentzensen Nicolas , Ogunsina Kemi , Weinberg Clarice R. , D'Aloisio Aimee A. , Edwards Jessie K. , Sandler Dale P. 
Published: May 2024

PURPOSE
Intimate care products may contain substances associated with increased risk of hormone-related cancers. The relationship between genital talc use and ovarian cancer, in particular, has been well studied, but concerns about recall bias and exposure misclassification have precluded conclusions. We examined the association between intimate care products and female hormone–related cancers, accounting for potential biases, using data from a US-based cohort study.

METHODS
The Sister Study enrolled 50,884 women who had a sister with breast cancer. Data on genital talc use and douching were collected at enrollment (2003-2009) and follow-up (2017-2019). We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for associations between intimate care product use and breast, ovarian, and uterine cancers. To account for potential exposure misclassification and recall bias, we conducted quantitative bias analyses under various exposure reassignment assumptions.

RESULTS
Across considered scenarios, 41%-64% of participants douched and 35%-56% used genital talc. In models adjusted for exposure misclassification, genital talc use was positively associated with ovarian cancer (HR range, 1.17-3.34) Frequent douching and douching during young adulthood were positively associated with ovarian cancer, but neither douching nor talc was associated with breast or uterine cancer. Differential reporting of talc use by cases and noncases likely produces positive biases, but correcting for error still resulted in HRs above 1.0. For example, HR, 1.40 (95% CI, 1.04 to 1.89) when 25% of exposed cases and 10% of unexposed noncases had talc status reassigned.

CONCLUSION
Although results show how differential recall would upwardly bias estimates, corrected results support a positive association between use of intimate care products, including genital talc, and ovarian cancer.
Pertuzumab Plus Trastuzumab in Patients With Biliary Tract Cancer With ERBB2/3 Alterations: Results From the Targeted Agent and Profiling Utilization Registry Study
Authors: Cannon Timothy L. , Rothe Michael , Mangat Pam K. , Garrett-Mayer Elizabeth , Chiu Vi K. , Hwang Jimmy , Vijayvergia Namrata , Alese Olatunji B. , Dib Elie G. , Duvivier Herbert L. , Klute Kelsey A. , Sahai Vaibhav , Ahn Eugene R. , Bedano Pablo , Behl Deepti , Sinclair Sarah , Thota Ramya , Urba Walter J. , Yang Eddy S. , Grantham Gina N. , Hinshaw Dominique C. , Gregory Abigail , Halabi Susan , Schilsky Richard L. 
Published: May 2024

PURPOSE Targeted Agent and Profiling Utilization Registry is a phase II basket trial evaluating the antitumor activity of commercially available targeted agents in patients with advanced cancer and genomic alterations known to be drug targets. Results of a cohort of patients with biliary tract cancer (BTC) with ERBB2/3 amplification, overexpression, or mutation treated with pertuzumab plus trastuzumab are reported. METHODS Eligible patients had advanced BTC, measurable disease (RECIST v1.1), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0-2, adequate organ function, tumors with ERBB2/3 alterations, and a lack of standard treatment options. Simon's two-stage design was used with a primary end point of disease control (DC), defined as objective response (OR) or stable disease of at least 16+ weeks duration (SD16+) according to RECIST v1.1. Secondary end points included OR, progression-free survival, overall survival, duration of response, duration of stable disease, and safety. RESULTS Twenty-nine patients were enrolled from February 2017 to January 2022, and all had advanced BTC with an ERBB2/3 alteration. One patient was not evaluable for efficacy. One complete response, eight partial responses, and two SD16+ were observed for DC and OR rates of 40% (90% CI, 27 to 100) and 32% (95% CI, 16 to 52), respectively. The null hypothesis of 15% DC rate was rejected ( P = .0015). Four patients had at least one grade 3 adverse event (AE) or serious AE at least possibly related to treatment: anemia, diarrhea, infusion-related reaction, and fatigue. CONCLUSION Pertuzumab plus trastuzumab met prespecified criteria to declare a signal of activity in patients with BTC and ERBB2/3 amplification, overexpression, or mutation.
Using the Cell-Cycle Risk Score to Predict the Benefit of Androgen-Deprivation Therapy Added to Radiation Therapy in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Prostate Cancer
Authors: Tward Jonathan D. , Lenz Lauren , Gutin Alexander , Clegg Wyatt , Kasten Chelsea R. , Finch Robert , Cohen Todd , Michalski Jeff , Kishan Amar U. 
Published: May 2024

PURPOSE Guidelines recommend adding androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) to radiation therapy (RT) in certain patients with localized prostate cancer. Individualized genomic testing may improve the prognostic accuracy of risk assessments. Herein, we describe a mathematical model of the benefit of adding ADT to RT as a function of the personalized clinical cell-cycle risk (CCR) score to inform 10-year metastasis risk. METHODS A model of absolute risk reduction (ARR) was built using a retrospective cohort of men tested with Prolaris who received RT alone (N = 467). The relative benefit of ADT added to RT to reduce distant metastasis was estimated at 41% on the basis of a meta-analysis of randomized trials. The ARR and number needed to treat (NNT) were computationally derived in patients clinically tested with Prolaris between January 1, 2020, and October 31, 2022 (N = 56,485). Risks were predicted using a cause-specific Cox proportional hazards model with CCR score predicting time to metastasis. A CCR score of 2.112 represents the validated multimodal treatment (MMT) threshold. RESULTS The ARR from ADT increased from almost zero at low CCR scores to 17.1% at CCR = 3.690 with the corresponding NNT = 6, indicating that adding ADT to RT would prevent metastasis within 10 years for one of every six treated individuals. In the clinical cohort, the average ARR was 0.86% in individuals under the MMT threshold (NNT = 116). The average ARR was 8.19% in individuals above the MMT threshold (NNT = 12). Broad ranges of ADT benefit were observed within National Comprehensive Cancer Network risk categories. CONCLUSION The precise and personalized risk estimate of metastasis provided by the CCR score can help inform patients and physicians when considering treatment intensification.
Antipolitics and the Administrative State
Authors: Coglianese Cary , Walters Daniel E. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This contribution to the Common Knowledge symposium “Antipolitics” A considers what it might mean for the administrative state to be antipolitical. Two conceptions of an antipolitical administrative state are identified. The first of these—antipolitics as in opposition to administrative discretion—holds that, in a democracy, value judgments should be made only by elected officials and that all administrators should do is carry out technical tasks calling for expertise. Administrators, however, inevitably make policy decisions that call for value judgments, making this first conception unattainable. On the other hand, a second conception or standard—one of antipolitics as in opposition to favoritism—is both realistic and desirable to expect of those who occupy positions of administrative power. It holds that administrators should avoid making decisions for self-interested reasons. Many doctrines of administrative law follow from aversion to favoritism, as the law aspires to free the administrative state from decision-making that is based on the interests of administrators and their partisan overseers or friends. Today, as the state comes under increasing threat from populist and authoritarian attempts to capture its power, distinguishing between these two conceptions of antipolitics—one unrealistic, the other imperative—can help to channel antipolitical impulses where they are most needed.
Endoluminal Biopsy for Vein of Galen Malformation
Authors: Hale Andrew T. , Liu Shanrun , Huang Fengyuan , Song Yuwei , Crowley Michael R. , Crossman David K. , Caudill Caroline , Arynchyna-Smith Anastasia , Chapman Lindsey , Feldman Michael J. , Saccomano Benjamin W. , Rocque Brandon G. , Rozzelle Curtis J. , Blount Jeffrey P. , Johnston James M. , Chong Zechen , Jones Jesse G. 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Vein of Galen malformation (VOGM), the result of arteriovenous shunting between choroidal and/or subependymal arteries and the embryologic prosencephalic vein, is among the most severe cerebrovascular disorders of childhood. We hypothesized that in situ analysis of the VOGM lesion using endoluminal tissue sampling (ETS) is feasible and may advance our understanding of VOGM genetics, pathogenesis, and maintenance.

METHODS:
We collected germline DNA (cheek swab) from patients and their families for genetic analysis. In situ VOGM “endothelial” cells (ECs), defined as CD31+ and CD45−, were obtained from coils through ETS during routine endovascular treatment. Autologous peripheral femoral ECs were also collected from the access sheath. Single-cell RNA sequencing of both VOGM and peripheral ECs was performed to demonstrate feasibility to define the transcriptional architecture. Comparison was also made with a published normative cerebrovascular transcriptome atlas. A subset of VOGM ECs was reserved for future DNA sequencing to assess for somatic and second-hit mutations.

RESULTS:
Our cohort contains 6 patients who underwent 10 ETS procedures from arterial and/or venous access during routine VOGM treatment (aged 12 days to ∼6 years). No periprocedural complications attributable to ETS occurred. Six unique coil types were used. ETS captured 98 ± 88 (mean ± SD; range 17-256) experimental ECs (CD31+ and CD45−). There was no discernible correlation between cell yield and coil type or route of access. Single-cell RNA sequencing demonstrated hierarchical clustering and unique cell populations within the VOGM EC compartment compared with peripheral EC controls when annotated using a publicly available cerebrovascular cell atlas.

CONCLUSION:
ETS may supplement investigations aimed at development of a molecular-genetic taxonomic classification scheme for VOGM. Moreover, results may eventually inform the selection of personalized pharmacologic or genetic therapies for VOGM and cerebrovascular disorders more broadly.
Comparison of Postoperative Complications After Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer with Antecolic Versus Retrocolic Reconstruction: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Junttila Anna , Helminen Olli , Helmiö Mika , Huhta Heikki , Jalkanen Aapo , Kallio Raija , Koivukangas Vesa , Kokkola Arto , Laine Simo , Lietzen Elina , Louhimo Johanna , Meriläinen Sanna , Pohjanen Vesa-Matti , Rantanen Tuomo , Ristimäki Ari , Räsänen Jari V. , Saarnio Juha , Sihvo Eero , Toikkanen Vesa , Tyrväinen Tuula , Valtola Antti , Kauppila Joonas H. ,   on behalf of the FINEGO Group
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
The purpose of this study was to examine the rates of 90-day anastomotic complications and other postoperative complications after total or partial gastrectomy with antecolic versus retrocolic reconstruction in a population-based setting.

Methods
This population-based nationwide retrospective cohort study included all patients undergoing total or partial gastrectomy for gastric adenocarcinoma in Finland in 2005–2016, with follow-up until 31 December 2019. Logistic regression provided odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of 90-day mortality. Results were adjusted for age, sex, year of the surgery, comorbidities, tumor locations, pathological stage, and neoadjuvant therapy.

Results
A total of 2063 patients having gastrectomy with antecolic (n = 814) or retrocolic (n = 1249) reconstruction were identified from the registries. The anastomotic complication rate was 3.8% with antecolic reconstruction and 5.0% with retrocolic reconstruction. Antecolic reconstruction was not associated with a higher risk of anastomotic complications compared with retrocolic reconstruction in the adjusted analysis (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.44–1.09) of the whole cohort or in the predefined subgroups. The reoperation rate was 8.2% with antecolic reconstruction and 7.7% with retrocolic reconstruction, without statistical significance. In subgroup analysis of total gastrectomy patients, the risk of major complications was lower with antecolic reconstruction compared with retrocolic reconstruction (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.45–0.86).

Conclusions
The rate of anastomotic complications did not differ after antecolic versus retrocolic reconstruction after total or partial gastrectomy. In total gastrectomies, the risk of major complications was lower after antecolic compared with retrocolic reconstruction.
Paramedic role in emergency mental healthcare
Authors: Phillips Joel Simon 
Published: May 2024

Background: Paramedics are increasingly involved in providing emergency mental healthcare through specialist mental health paramedic roles or expanded responsibilities within generalist roles. Methods: This article reviews the relevant academic literature to critically evaluate the opportunities and challenges of greater paramedic involvement in mental health. Findings: Potential benefits include prompt crisis response, improved service integration, and enhanced accessibility. However, challenges exist around limited mental health training, role ambiguity, care continuity, and stakeholder concerns. Conclusion: Realising the benefits of paramedics in mental healthcare requires investment in education, clear protocols, strong governance, and collaboration with mental health professionals and service users to ensure safety and quality.
Buried or exposed Kirschner wire for the management of hand and forearm fractures: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression
Authors: Hidajat Nucki Nursjamsi , Magetsari R. M. Satrio Nugroho , Prasetiyo Gregorius Thomas , Respati Danendra Rakha Putra , Tjandra Kevin Christian 
Published: May 2024

Background
The recommendation on whether to bury or expose the Kirschner wire (K-wire) for the management of fractures has still been controversial with inconsistent results in the published studies due to the potential issue associated with exposed K-wire is the heightened risk of infection, as it comes into direct contact with the external environment and air. This study aims to summarize the specific outcomes between buried and exposed K-wire for the management of hand and forearm fractures.

Methods
We conducted relevant literature searches on Europe PMC, Medline, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases using specific keywords. This investigation focuses on individuals of any age diagnosed with hand or forearm fractures who underwent surgery involving Kirschner wire (K-wire) fixation. It examines the comparison between buried and exposed K-wire fixation, emphasizing primary outcome pin infection, along with secondary outcomes such as early pin removal, days to pin removal, and surgical duration. The study includes observational studies (cohort/case-control) or randomized clinical trials (RCTs). The results of continuous variables were pooled into the standardized mean difference (SMD), while dichotomous variables were pooled into odds ratio (OR) along with 95% confidence intervals using random-effect models. The quality of included studies was assessed with Cochrane Collaborations, Risk of Bias version 2 (RoB v2).

Results
A total of 11 studies were included. Our pooled analysis revealed that buried K-wire was associated with a lower risk of pin site infection [RR 0.49 (95% CI 0.36–0.67), p < 0.00001, I2 = 0%] and 33.85 days longer duration until pin removal [MD 33.85 days (95% CI 18.68–49.02), p < 0.0001, I2 = 99%] when compared with exposed K-wire. However, the duration of surgery was 9.98 minutes significantly longer in the buried K-wire [MD 6.98 minutes (95% CI 2.19–11.76), p = 0.004, I2 = 42%] with no significant difference in the early pin removal rate [RR 0.73 (95% CI 0.36–1.45), p = 0.37, I2 = 0%]. Further regression analysis revealed that sample size, age, sex, and duration of follow-up did not affect those relationships.

Conclusion
Buried K-wire may offer benefits in reducing the infection rate with a longer duration until pin removal. However, further RCTs with larger sample sizes are still needed to confirm the results of our study.