bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design and implementation of an institutional case report form library
Authors: Nahm Meredith , Shepherd John , Buzenberg Ann , Rostami Reza , Corcoran Andrew , McCall Jonathan , Pietrobon Ricardo 
Published: December 2010

Background Case report forms (CRFs) are used to collect data in clinical research. Case report form development represents a significant part of the clinical trial process and can affect study success. Libraries of CRFs can preserve the organizational knowledge and expertise invested in CRF development and expedite the sharing of such knowledge. Although CRF libraries have been advocated, there have been no published accounts reporting institutional experiences with creating and using them. Purpose We sought to enhance an existing institutional CRF library by improving information indexing and accessibility. We describe this CRF library and discuss challenges encountered in its development and implementation, as well as future directions for continued work in this area. Methods We transformed an existing but underused and poorly accessible CRF library into a resource capable of supporting and expediting clinical and translational investigation at our institution by (1) expanding access to the entire institution; (2) adding more form attributes for improved information retrieval; and (3) creating a formal information curation and maintenance process. An open-source content management system, Plone (Plone.org), served as the platform for our CRF library. Results We report results from these three processes. Over the course of this project, the size of the CRF library increased from 160 CRFs comprising an estimated total of 17,000 pages, to 177 CRFs totaling 1.5 gigabytes. Eighty-two of these CRFs are now available to researchers across our institution; 95 CRFs remain within a contractual confidentiality window (usually 5 years from database lock) and are not available to users outside of the Duke Clinical Research Institute (DCRI). Conservative estimates suggest that the library supports an average of 37 investigators per month. The resources needed to curate and maintain the CRF library require less than 10% of the effort of one full-time equivalent employee. Limitations Although we succeeded in expanding use of the CRF library, creating awareness of such institutional resources among investigators and research teams remains challenging and requires additional efforts to overcome. Institutions that have not achieved a critical mass of attractive research resources or effective dissemination mechanisms may encounter persistent difficulty attracting researchers to use institutional resources. Further, a useful CRF library requires both an initial investment of resources for development, as well as ongoing maintenance once it is established. Conclusions CRF libraries can be established and made broadly available to institutional researchers. Curation – that is, indexing newly added forms – is required. Such a resource provides knowledge management capacity for institutions until standards and software are available to support widespread exchange of data and form definitions.
Human and rhesus macaque hematopoietic stem cells cannot be purified based only on SLAM family markers
Authors: Larochelle Andre , Savona Michael , Wiggins Michael , Anderson Stephanie , Ichwan Brian , Keyvanfar Keyvan , Morrison Sean J. , Dunbar Cynthia E. 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Various combinations of antibodies directed to cell surface markers have been used to isolate human and rhesus macaque hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). These protocols result in poor enrichment or require multiple complex steps. Recently, a simple phenotype for HSCs based on cell surface markers from the signaling lymphocyte activation molecule (SLAM) family of receptors has been reported in the mouse. We examined the possibility of using the SLAM markers to facilitate the isolation of highly enriched populations of HSCs in humans and rhesus macaques. We isolated SLAM (CD150+CD48−) and non-SLAM (not CD150+CD48−) cells from human umbilical cord blood CD34+ cells as well as from human and rhesus macaque mobilized peripheral blood CD34+ cells and compared their ability to form colonies in vitro and reconstitute immune-deficient (nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency/interleukin-2 γc receptornull, NSG) mice. We found that the CD34+ SLAM population contributed equally or less to colony formation in vitro and to long-term reconstitution in NSG mice compared with the CD34+ non-SLAM population. Thus, SLAM family markers do not permit the same degree of HSC enrichment in humans and rhesus macaques as in mice.
Regulated expression of microRNAs-126/126* inhibits erythropoiesis from human embryonic stem cells
Authors: Huang Xinqiang , Gschweng Eric , Van Handel Ben , Cheng Donghui , Mikkola Hanna K. A. , Witte Owen N. 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) play an important role in cell differentiation and maintenance of cell identity, but relatively little is known of their functional role in modulating human hematopoietic lineage differentiation. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) provide a model system to study early human hematopoiesis. We differentiated hESCs by embryoid body (EB) formation and compared the miR expression profile of undifferentiated hESCs to CD34+ EB cells. miRs-126/126* were the most enriched of the 7 miRs that were up-regulated in CD34+ cells, and their expression paralleled the kinetics of hematopoietic transcription factors RUNX1, SCL, and PU.1. To define the role of miRs-126/126* in hematopoiesis, we created hESCs overexpressing doxycycline-regulated miRs-126/126* and analyzed their hematopoietic differentiation. Induction of miRs-126/126* during both EB differentiation and colony formation reduced the number of erythroid colonies, suggesting an inhibitory role of miRs-126/126* in erythropoiesis. Protein tyrosine phosphatase, nonreceptor type 9 (PTPN9), a protein tyrosine phosphatase that is required for growth and expansion of erythroid cells, is one target of miR-126. PTPN9 restoration partially relieved the suppressed erythropoiesis caused by miRs-126/126*. Our results define an important function of miRs-126/126* in negative regulation of erythropoiesis, providing the first evidence for a role of miR in hematopoietic differentiation of hESCs.
Left-Ventricular Remodeling After Myocardial Infarction Is Associated with a Cardiomyocyte-Specific Hypothyroid Condition
Authors: Pol Christine J. , Muller Alice , Zuidwijk Marian J. , van Deel Elza D. , Kaptein Ellen , Saba Alessandro , Marchini Maja , Zucchi Riccardo , Visser Theo J. , Paulus Walter J. , Duncker Dirk J. , Simonides Warner S. 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Similarities in cardiac gene expression in hypothyroidism and left ventricular (LV) pathological remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI) suggest a role for impaired cardiac thyroid hormone (TH) signaling in the development of heart failure. Increased ventricular activity of the TH-degrading enzyme type 3 deiodinase (D3) is recognized as a potential cause. In the present study, we investigated the cardiac expression and activity of D3 over an 8-wk period after MI in C57Bl/6J mice. Pathological remodeling of the noninfarcted part of the LV was evident from cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, interstitial fibrosis, and impairment of contractility. These changes were maximal and stable from the first week onward, as was the degree of LV dilation. A strong induction of D3 activity was found, which was similarly stable for the period examined. Plasma T4 levels were transiently decreased at 1 wk after MI, but T3 levels remained normal. The high D3 activity was associated with increased D3 mRNA expression at 1 but not at 4 and 8 wk after MI. Immunohistochemistry localized D3 protein to cardiomyocytes. In vivo measurement of TH-dependent transcription activity in cardiomyocytes using a luciferase reporter assay indicated a 48% decrease in post-MI mice relative to sham-operated animals, and this was associated with a 50% decrease in LV tissue T3 concentration. In conclusion, pathological ventricular remodeling after MI in the mouse leads to high and stable induction of D3 activity in cardiomyocytes and a local hypothyroid condition.
Thyroid Hormone Receptor β (THRB) Is a Major Target Gene for MicroRNAs Deregulated in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma (PTC)
Authors: Jazdzewski Krystian , Boguslawska Joanna , Jendrzejewski Jaroslaw , Liyanarachchi Sandya , Pachucki Janusz , Wardyn Kazimierz A. , Nauman Alicja , de la Chapelle Albert 
Published: December 2010

Context:Loss of the thyroid hormone receptor is common in tumors. In mouse models, a truncated THRB gene leads to thyroid cancer. Previously, we observed up-regulation of the expression of eight microRNAs (miRs) in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) tumors.Objective:Our objective was to determine whether THRB might be inhibited by miRs up-regulated in PTC.Design:The potential binding of miR to the 3′-untranslated region of THRB was analyzed in silico. Direct inhibition by miRs binding to the cloned 3′-untranslated region of THRB was evaluated using luciferase assays. Inhibition of endogenous THRB and its target genes (DIO1 and APP) was examined in cell lines transfected by pre-miRs. The impact on thyroid hormone response element (TRE) was evaluated in promoter assays. Correlations between the expression of THRB and miRs was evaluated in 13 PTC tumor/normal tissue pairs.Results:THRB contains binding sites for the top seven miRs up-regulated in PTC (P = 0.0000002). Direct interaction with THRB was shown for miR-21 and miR-146a. We observed lower levels of THRB transcripts in cell lines transfected with miR-21, -146a, and -221 (down-regulation of 37–48%; P &lt; 0.0001), but not with miR-181a. THRB protein was suppressed down to 10–28% by each of four miRs. Concomitant expression of DIO1 and APP was affected (down-regulation of 32–66%, P &lt; 0.0034 and up-regulation of 48–57%, P &lt; 0.0002, respectively). All four miRs affected TRE activity in promoter assays. Down-regulation of luciferase occurred after transfection with pTRE-TK-Luc construct and each of four miRs. The analysis of tumor/normal tissue pairs revealed down-regulation of THRB in 11 of 13 pairs (1.3- to 9.1-fold), and up-regulation of miR-21, -146a, -181a, and -221 in almost all pairs.Conclusions:MiRs up-regulated in PTC tumors directly inhibit the expression of THRB, an important tumor suppressor gene.
Fabrication of Nanoframe Structures by Site-selective Assembly of Gold Nanoparticles on Silver Cubes in an Ionic Liquid
Authors: Okazaki Ken-ichi , Sakuma Junya , Yasui Jun-ichi , Kuwabata Susumu , Hirahara Kaori , Tanaka Nobuo , Torimoto Tsukasa 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) prepared by sputter deposition of Au in an ionic liquid were selectively assembled at the edges and vertices of Ag nanocubes, the surfaces of which were modified with a self-assembled monolayer of 1-octadecanethiol and 4-amino-2-mercaptopyrimidine. Chemical etching of Ag from the resulting Au–Ag binary nanocomposites resulted in the formation of Au nanoframes.
Inhibitory Effects of Hybrid Liposomes Composed of Phosphatidylcholine and Docosahexaenoic Acid on the Growth of Colon Cancer Cells along with Apoptosis and Differentiation
Authors: Goto Koichi , Zako Keiko , Komizu Yuji , Ueoka Ryuichi 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Novel hybrid liposomes (DMPC/DHA) composed of l-α-dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine and docosahexaenoic acid were produced. DMPC/DHA were smaller and more stable than pure DMPC liposomes. It is attractive that DMPC/DHA could remarkably inhibit the growth of human colon cancer HCT116 cells along with apoptosis and differentiation in vitro.
Fear of failure and student athletes’ interpersonal antisocial behaviour in education and sport
Authors: Sagar Sam S. , Boardley Ian D. , Kavussanu Maria 
Published: December 2010

Background.The link between fear of failure and students’ antisocial behaviour has received scant research attention despite associations between fear of failure, hostility, and aggression. Also, the effect of sport experience on antisocial behaviour has not been considered outside of the sport context in adult populations. Further, to date, sex differences have not been considered in fear of failure research.Aims.To examine whether (a) fear of failure and sport experience predict antisocial behaviour in the university and sport contexts in student athletes, and whether this prediction is the same in males and females; and (b) sex differences exist in antisocial behaviour and fear of failure.Sample.British university student athletes (n= 176 male;n= 155 female;Mage= 20.11 years).Method.Participants completed questionnaires assessing fear of failure, sport experience, and antisocial behaviour in both contexts.Results.(a) Fear of failure and sport experience positively predicted antisocial behaviour in university and sport and the strength of these predictions did not differ between males and females; (b) females reported higher levels of fear of devaluing one's self‐estimate than males whereas males reported higher levels of fear of important others losing interest than females. Males engaged more frequently than females in antisocial behaviour in both contexts.Conclusions.Fear of failure and sport experience may be important considerations when trying to understand antisocial behaviour in student athletes in education and sport; moreover, the potential effect of overall fear of failure and of sport experience on this frequency does not differ by sex. The findings make an important contribution to the fear of failure and morality literatures.
Person-Centered Planning: Analysis of Research and Effectiveness
Authors: Claes Claudia , Van Hove Geert , Vandevelde Stijn , van Loon Jos , Schalock Robert L. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractPerson-centered planning is a well known and widely used approach to individual program planning in the field of intellectual and developmental disabilities. Its purpose is to develop collaborative supports focused on community presence, community participation, positive relationships, respect, and competence. Because there is little research on its effectiveness, our purpose here was to (a) review the current status of effectiveness research; (b) describe its effectiveness in terms of outcomes or results; and (c) discuss the effectiveness of person-centered planning in relation to evidence-based practices. Analyzed studies suggest that, overall, this planning has a positive, but moderate, impact on personal outcomes for this population. The body of evidence provided in this review is weak with regard to criteria for evidence-based research.
Comparison of different phosphorus-containing ligands complexing 68Ga for PET-imaging of bone metabolism
Authors: Fellner M. , Riss P. , Loktionova N. S. , Zhernosekov K. P. , Thews O. , Geraldes Carlos F. G. C. , Kovacs Z. , Lukes I. , Rösch Frank 
Published: December 2010

Abstract

99mTc-phosphonate structures are well established tracers for bone tumour imaging. Our objective was to investigate different 68Ga-labelled phosphonate ligands concerning labelling kinetics, binding to hydroxyapatite and bone imaging using μ-PET. Seven macrocyclic phosphorus-containing ligands and EDTMP were labelled in nanomolar scale with n.c.a. 68Ga in Na-HEPES buffer at pH∼4. Except for DOTP, all ligands were labelled with >92% yield. Binding of the 68Ga-ligand complexes on hydroxyapatite was analysed to evaluate the effect of the number of the phosphorus acid groups on adsorption parameters. Adsorption of 68Ga-EDTMP and 68Ga-DOTP was >83%. For the 68Ga-NOTA-phosphonates an increasing binding with increasing number of phosphonate groups was observed but was still lower than 68Ga-DOTP and 68Ga-EDTMP. μ-PET studies in vivo were performed with 68Ga-EDTMP and 68Ga-DOTP with Wistar rats. While 68Ga-EDTMP-PET showed uptake on bone structures, an excess amount of the ligand (>1.5 mg EDTMP/kg body weight) had to be used, otherwise the 68Ga3+ is released from the complex and forms gallium hydroxide or it is transchelated to 68Ga-transferrin. As a result, the main focus of further phosphonate structures has to be on complex formation in high radiochemical yields with macrocyclic ligands with phosphonate groups that are not required for complexing 68Ga.
Jeux de Nombres: Automated Rhythm in The Rite of Spring
Authors: McDonald Matthew 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
The novel rhythms of The Rite of Spring, according to Theodor Adorno, seem to have arisen from “the throw of the dice.” Many scholars have argued otherwise, characterizing Stravinsky's rhythms as logically patterned and deliberately crafted. This essay, however, suggests that Stravinsky did in fact employ a fundamentally mechanical, “automated” procedure for generating his irregular rhythms and metrical schemes. Specifically, Stravinsky seems to have converted intervallic series, derived from prominent chords or melodies, into durational ones, equating intervals measured in semitones with durations measured in beats—a relationship that is best perceived intellectually, not aurally.
This claim is supported by a wealth of evidence drawn from the sketches, autographs, and earliest printed editions of the score, and it applies to the opening of virtually every titled section of The Rite, where much of its best-known music resides. Close analysis of these sources, considered in conjunction with the copious symbolic and numerical notations in the margins of Stravinsky's sketchbook, Stravinsky's programmatic commentary on The Rite and his idiosyncratic ideas about intervals, and the critical commentary of Adorno and others, sheds new light on Stravinsky's conception of The Rite and its symbolic meanings.
History, Memory, and Historic Districts in Chicago
Authors: Karamanski Theodore J. 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Across America, National Register Historic Districts have done a better job helping to preserve building stock and stabilize communities than they have of meeting the articulated goal of With a Heritage So Rich, the foundational 1966 study that gave birth to the National Register of Historic Places. According to that report, historic sites were to “give a sense of orientation to our society” and help to implant in people “values of time and place.” This article looks at the evolution of historic districts in Chicago, Illinois through the lens of public memory. It explores the relationship between “official” memory and gentrification, “vernacular memory” and community preservation through the story of two waves of National Register District creation in Chicago, first in the 1980s led by real estate developers and a second in the late 1990s.
Parathyroid Surgery in the Elderly
Authors: Morris Lilah F. , Zelada Juliette , Wu Bian , Hahn Theodore J. , Yeh Michael W. 
Published: December 2010

Abstract

Introduction.
The prevalence of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is expected to increase in developed nations as the aged population grows. This review discusses issues related to PHPT in the elderly population with a focus on differences in disease presentation, medical and surgical management, and outcomes.

Methods.
Literature review of English-language studies of PHPT or parathyroidectomy (PTx) in the elderly was performed. Surgical literature reviewed included original clinical studies published after 1990. Priority was given to studies with &gt;30 patients where institutional practice and outcomes have not changed significantly over time.

Results.
Elderly patients primarily present with nonclassic symptoms of PHPT that can sometimes be missed in favor of other diagnoses. They have equivalent surgical outcomes, including morbidity, mortality, and cure rates, compared with younger patients, although their length of hospital stay is significantly longer. Several recent studies demonstrate the safety and efficacy of outpatient, minimally invasive parathyroidectomy in an elderly population. Patients are referred for PTx less frequently with each advancing decade, although surgical referral patterns have increased over time in centers that offer minimally invasive parathyroidectomy. Elderly patients experience increased fracture-free survival after PTx. The majority of elderly patients report symptomatic relief postoperatively.

Conclusion.
PTx can offer elderly patients with PHPT improved quality of life. PTx is safe and effective in elderly patients, and advanced age alone should not deter surgical referral.
Impact of Safety Concerns and Regulatory Changes on the Usage of Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents and RBC Transfusions
Authors: Vadhan-Raj Saroj , Zhou Xiao , Sizer Kurt , Lal Lincy , Wang Xuemei , Roquemore Joyce , Shi Weiming , Benjamin Robert S. , Lichtiger Benjamin 
Published: December 2010

Abstract

Purpose.
Safety concerns raised in the recent oncology trials with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) have led to regulatory restrictions on their use. We wished to determine the impact of these changes on the use of ESAs and RBC transfusions.

Methods.
In a retrospective observational study of patients treated at a comprehensive cancer center in 2006–2008, data on all ESA doses dispensed, RBCs transfused, and hemoglobin levels on the days of transfusions and ESA initiations were analyzed.

Results.
Compared with 2006, the total patients treated was 14% higher (28,339 versus 24,806) in 2007 and 22% higher (30,254) in 2008. Patients receiving ESAs decreased by 26% and 61%, and ESA units dispensed decreased by 29% (from 30,206 units to 21,409 units) and 80% (6,102 units) in 2007 and 2008, respectively. However, RBC transfusions increased by only 2% (from 38,218 units to 38,948 units) in 2007 and by 8% (41,438) in 2008. The mean hemoglobin on the day of transfusion was the same for each year (8.4 g/dl); however, an increasing proportion of patients initiated ESAs at lower hemoglobin (&lt;10 g/dl) levels. After adjusting for demographics and diagnostic variables for 3 years (n = 83,399), a multivariate logistic regression showed a significant decline in ESA use (p &lt; .0001) without an increase in RBC transfusions.

Conclusions.
Recent ESA safety concerns and regulatory restrictions have significantly decreased ESA use. The lack of a significant impact on transfusions may be related to a lower hemoglobin threshold used to initiate ESAs or treatment of patients less likely to respond.
Associations Between Minimum Wage Policy and Access to Health Care: Evidence From the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 1996–2007
Authors: McCarrier Kelly P. , Zimmerman Frederick J. , Ralston James D. , Martin Diane P. 
Published: December 2010

Objectives. We examined whether minimum wage policy is associated with access to medical care among low-skilled workers in the United States. Methods. We used multilevel logistic regression to analyze a data set consisting of individual-level indicators of uninsurance and unmet medical need from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and state-level ecological controls from the US Census, Bureau of Labor Statistics, and several other sources in all 50 states and the District of Columbia between 1996 and 2007. Results. Higher state-level minimum wage rates were associated with significantly reduced odds of reporting unmet medical need after control for the ecological covariates, substate region fixed effects, and individual demographic and health characteristics (odds ratio = 0.853; 95% confidence interval = 0.750, 0.971). Minimum wage rates were not significantly associated with being uninsured. Conclusions. Higher minimum wages may be associated with a reduced likelihood of experiencing unmet medical need among low-skilled workers, and do not appear to be associated with uninsurance. These findings appear to refute the suggestion that minimum wage laws have detrimental effects on access to health care, as opponents of the policies have suggested.