bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Loss of Bcl‐3 regulates macrophage polarization by promoting macrophage glycolysis
Authors: Liu Shengnan , Wang Hao , Li Jiaoyang , Gao Jingtao , Yu Li , Wei Xiaofei , Cui Mengchao , Zhao Yuxin , Liang Yinming , Wang Hui 
Published: May 2024

AbstractM1/M2 macrophage polarization plays an important role in regulating the balance of the microenvironment within tissues. Moreover, macrophage polarization involves the reprogramming of metabolism, such as glucose and lipid metabolism. Transcriptional coactivator B‐cell lymphoma‐3 (Bcl‐3) is an atypical member of the IκB family that controls inflammatory factor levels in macrophages by regulating nuclear factor kappa B pathway activation. However, the relationship between Bcl‐3 and macrophage polarization and metabolism remains unclear. In this study, we show that the knockdown of Bcl‐3 in macrophages can regulate glycolysis‐related gene expression by promoting the activation of the nuclear factor kappa B pathway. Furthermore, the loss of Bcl‐3 was able to promote the interferon gamma/lipopolysaccharide‐induced M1 macrophage polarization by accelerating glycolysis. Taken together, these results suggest that Bcl‐3 may be a candidate gene for regulating M1 polarization in macrophages.
Oral health status of Egyptian children with lysosomal storage diseases: An evaluation of dental indices, salivary cytokines level, and bacterial bioburden
Authors: Matar Moustafa A. , Selima Rana A. , Marzouk Iman M. , Lotfy Walid A. , Al‐Shafie Tamer A. , Darwish Sherif S. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundLysosomal storage diseases (LSDs), a group of inborn errors of metabolism, include various subtypes, for example, mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) and Gaucher disease (GD). Besides the physical/mental disabilities, they suffer from several oral deteriorations.AimTo evaluate the oral health status of Egyptian children with LSD.DesignThirty LSD children and thirty non‐LSD children were enrolled for this study according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Dental indices were used to assess caries prevalence and periodontal status. Saliva samples were collected from all enrolled children to estimate interleukin 6 (IL‐6), tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), and protein levels as well as Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacilli colony counts.ResultsChildren with MPS and GD showed non‐significant differences in decayed, missing, or filled teeth (DMFT) scores (p = .115). Scores of dmft showed a significant increase in MPS, but not in GD children (p = .020, p = .127). Children with LSD showed significantly increased Modified Gingival Index (MGI), Plaque Index (PI), Oral Hygiene Index (OHI‐s) scores (p < .001) and salivary IL‐6 and TNF‐α (p = .007, p = .001, p < .0001, p = .002, respectively) and salivary total proteins (p = .001) levels. Unexpectedly, non‐significant differences were observed in salivary Streptococcus mutans or Lactobacilli counts in children with MPS and GD (p = .058, p = .420, p = .502, p = .053, respectively).ConclusionTo our knowledge, this is the first article that evaluates Egyptian children with LSD. We demonstrated high caries prevalence in primary teeth, not permanent teeth, in children with MPS and poor gingival/hygiene status in children with MPS and GD, which triggered a state of inflammation. The daily supplement intake prevented oral bacterial growth. The most probable cause of oral alterations is decreased salivary flow rate, as deduced from a significantly increased salivary protein.
Nurse‐sensitive quality and benchmarking in hospitals striving for Magnet® or Pathway® designation: A qualitative study
Authors: Maier Claudia B. , Gurisch Carolin , Köppen Julia , Kleine Joan , Aiken Linda H. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimTo examine if and how selected German hospitals use nurse‐sensitive clinical indicators and perspectives on national/international benchmarking.DesignQualitative study.MethodsIn 2020, 18 expert interviews were conducted with key informants from five purposively selected hospitals, being the first in Germany implementing Magnet® or Pathway®. Interviews were analyzed using content analysis with deductive‐inductive coding. The study followed the COREQ guideline.ResultsThree major themes emerged: first, limited pre‐existence of and necessity for nurse‐sensitive data. Although most interviewees reported data collection for hospital‐acquired pressure ulcers and falls with injuries, implementation varied and interviewees highlighted the necessity to develop additional nurse‐sensitive indicators for the German context. Second, the theme creating an enabling data environment comprised building clinicians' acceptance, establishing a data culture, and reducing workload by using electronic health records. Third, challenges and opportunities in establishing benchmarking were identified but most interviewees called for a national or European benchmarking system.ConclusionThe need for further development of nurse‐sensitive clinical indicators and its implementation in practice was highlighted. Several actions were suggested at hospital level to establish an enabling data environment in clinical care, including a nationwide or European benchmarking system.Implications for the Profession and Patient CareInvolving nurses in data collection, comparison and benchmarking of nurse‐sensitive indicators and their use in practice can improve quality of patient care.ImpactNurse‐sensitive indicators were rarely collected, and a need for action was identified. The study results show research needs on nurse‐sensitive indicators for Germany and Europe. Measures were identified to create an enabling data environment in hospitals. An initiative was started in Germany to establish a nurse‐sensitive benchmarking capacity.Patient or Public ContributionClinical practitioners and nurse/clinical managers were interviewed.
Prevalence and factors associated with medication administration errors in the neonatal intensive care unit: A multicentre, nationwide direct observational study
Authors: Henry Basil Josephine , Premakumar Chandini Menon , Mhd Ali Adliah , Mohd Tahir Nurul Ain , Seman Zamtira , Voo James Yau Hon , Ishak Shareena , Mohamed Shah Noraida 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAim(s)To determine the prevalence of medication administration errors and identify factors associated with medication administration errors among neonates in the neonatal intensive care units.DesignProspective direct observational study.MethodsThe study was conducted in the neonatal intensive care units of five public hospitals in Malaysia from April 2022 to March 2023. The preparation and administration of medications were observed using a standardized data collection form followed by chart review. After data collection, error identification was independently performed by two clinical pharmacists. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with medication administration errors.ResultsA total of 743 out of 1093 observed doses had at least one error, affecting 92.4% (157/170) neonates. The rate of medication administration errors was 68.0%. The top three most frequently occurring types of medication administration errors were wrong rate of administration (21.2%), wrong drug preparation (17.9%) and wrong dose (17.0%). Factors significantly associated with medication administration errors were medications administered intravenously, unavailability of a protocol, the number of prescribed medications, nursing experience, non‐ventilated neonates and gestational age in weeks.ConclusionMedication administration errors among neonates in the neonatal intensive care units are still common. The intravenous route of administration, absence of a protocol, younger gestational age, non‐ventilated neonates, higher number of medications prescribed and increased years of nursing experience were significantly associated with medication administration errors.Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CareThe findings of this study will enable the implementation of effective and sustainable interventions to target the factors identified in reducing medication administration errors among neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit.Reporting MethodWe adhered to the STROBE checklist.Patient or Public ContributionAn expert panel consisting of healthcare professionals was involved in the identification of independent variables.
This Land is My Land: Teachers' integration of game and novel in English instruction
Authors: Ahmadian Shilan , Brevik Lisbeth M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe most recent Norwegian educational reform, in force from 2020, was the first to include games alongside more traditional language learning resources (e.g., novels, films, music) in the English curriculum for secondary school. This educational emphasis on games provided a unique opportunity to examine how games are actually used in secondary English instruction in combination with other resources.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate how the digital commercial game This Land is My Land was used alongside a printed novel in naturally occurring English instruction in two lower secondary classes during a two‐week project labelled ‘The Native American Experience’.MethodsParticipants involved one teacher, nine student teachers and 52 students (aged 13–14). Using a mixed methods design, we integrated quantitative and qualitative analyses of classroom video recordings (N = 20), screen recordings during gameplay (N = 32), student texts (N = 32) and retrospective student interviews (N = 7). We used the validated Protocol for Language Arts Teaching Observation (PLATO; Grossman, 2015) for analyses of video and screen recordings and reflexive thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke, 2022) of student texts and interviews.Results and ConclusionsThe combination of digital game and printed novel during English instruction provided a dual perspective on the Native American experience. While the novel provided a window for observing the topic historically, the game provided a playground to experience the topic interactively. Although the combination of game and novel offered students different perspectives on the Native American experience, we identified missed opportunities for those who gamed before reading, whereas students who read before gameplay used their knowledge from the novel when they engaged with the game content. In the broader context of educational technology and language instruction, this study identified how to combine digital and traditional literacies that acknowledge students' prior knowledge with diverse literacies.
Metabolomics biomarkers and related pathways in endometrial cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Yan Xingxu , Zhao Shan , He Junjie , Sun Guijiang , Wang Fang , Ding Haoran , Zhang Wenqing , Qian Wenxiu , Li Xiaomeng , Wang Yuyan , Li Yubo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractEndometrial cancer (EC) is the fourth most common malignant tumour afflicting postmenopausal women in the world. Although advances have been made in the metabolomics of EC, the controversial findings limited the clinical applicability of the research results. Therefore, we aimed to reveal metabolic characteristics disorders in EC. We included studies comparing metabolite levels between EC and controls by searching PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and other source databases. Biomarkers and metabolic pathways were subjected to meta‐analysis by calculating the standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI), and summarizing the effect size using the inverse variance random effect model. Thirty studies identified the differential metabolites of EC. A total of 8 studies involved 4,006 participants with good quality were included. In terms of biomarkers, estrone and proline increased significantly in EC, while glutamine and phosphatidylcholine diacyl C32:2 decreased significantly in EC, with low heterogeneity. In terms of metabolic pathways, the levels of branched‐chain amino acid metabolism and sphingolipid metabolism increased significantly in EC with low heterogeneity. This review highlights the significance of above four biomarkers and two metabolic pathways in EC, which will help to realize the accurate screening and diagnosis of EC.
Effectiveness of shared decision‐making for mode of delivery after caesarean section: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Yu Lin , Sun Xiaoting , Gong Jianmei , Liu Man , Yu Shengmiao , Liu Lei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimTo review the content, format and effectiveness of shared decision‐making interventions for mode of delivery after caesarean section for pregnant women.DesignSystematic review and meta‐analysis.MethodsSix databases (PubMed, Web of science Core Collection, Cochrance Network, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO) were searched starting at the time of establishment of the database to May 2023. Following the PRISMAs and use Review Manager 5.3 software for meta‐analysis. Two review authors independently assessed the quality of the studies using the risk of bias 2 tool. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023410536).ResultsThe search strategy obtained 1675 references. After abstract and full text screening, a total of seven studies were included. Shared decision‐making interventions include decision aids and counselling that can help pregnant women analyse the pros and cons of various options and help them make decisions that are consistent with their values. The pooled results showed that shared decision‐making intervention alleviated decisional conflicts regarding mode of delivery after caesarean section, but had no effect on knowledge and informed choice.ConclusionThe results of our review suggest that shared decision‐making is an effective intervention to improve the quality of decision‐making about the mode of delivery of pregnant women after caesarean section. However, due to the low quality of the evidence, it is recommended that more studies be conducted in the future to improve the quality of the evidence.Correlation with Clinical PracticeThis systematic review and meta‐analysis provides evidence for the effectiveness of shared decision‐making for mode of delivery after cesarean section and may provide a basis for the development of intervention to promote the participation of pregnant women in the decision‐making process.
Factors related to clearance of the small pelvic cavity during gynecologic laparoscopic surgery
Authors: Hiraishi Hikaru , Kitahara Yoshikazu , Kobayashi Mio , Hasegawa Yuko , Tsukui Yumiko , Miida Miki , Nakao Kohshiro , Ikeda Sadatomo , Hirakawa Takashi , Iwase Akira 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimTo identify factors influencing the Trendelenburg angle required during laparoscopic gynecological surgery.MethodsPatients who underwent laparoscopic surgery at a single university hospital between May 1, 2019, and March 31, 2021 were enrolled. Data were extracted from the medical records, while magnetic resonance imaging scans and all laparoscopic surgery videos were retrospectively reviewed to assess the presence of the small intestine in the pelvic cavity as well as the adhesions at each site. Groups with and without the small intestine in the pelvic cavity, and those requiring a Trendelenburg angle above or below 13° were compared.ResultsIn total, 219 patients were examined. The Trendelenburg angle was significantly higher (p = 0.004), while a significant increase in ovarian adhesions was observed (p = 0.033; odds ratio [OR], 2.30; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05–5.01) in the group without the presence of the small intestine in the pelvic cavity. Furthermore, the group requiring a Trendelenburg angle of ≥13° had significantly thicker subcutaneous fat (p = 0.044) and more ileal adhesions (p = 0.040, OR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.03–3.23) than the group with an angle of <13°.ConclusionCases of ileal adhesions or thick subcutaneous fat are more likely to require a Trendelenburg angle of ≥13°. Therefore, Trendelenburg complications should be considered in this group. In addition, ovarian adhesions make it more difficult to exclude the small intestine from the small pelvic cavity, and may be associated with endometriosis.
First report of Nectria dematiosa causing European canker of apple in India
Authors: Bhandari Durga Prashad , Sharma Usha , Sharma Monica , Thakur Ashok Kumar , Kumar Arun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractNectria dematiosa exhibiting orange red colour perithecia on stems and branches of young and old apple trees were reported under field conditions during 2020 and 2021. Reddish discoloration followed by papery appearance of stem and branches were the characteristic symptoms observed. Ascomata were non‐papillate, surface irregular comprising numerous cylindrical to narrowly clavate asci. Ascospores were ellipsoidal to fusiform, straight or slightly curved, hyaline with 0 to 1‐septa. Richard and Royal Delicious variety of apple were more susceptible with moderate to high severity of the European canker. Based on nucleotide homology and phylogenetic analysis, the pathogen was confirmed as N. dematiosa (accession no. OQ152022). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of N. dematiosa causing European canker of apple in India.
Genetic substructure and host‐specific natural selection trend across vaccine‐candidate ORF‐2 capsid protein of hepatitis‐E virus
Authors: Khan Nasir , Kakakhel Sehrish , Malik Abdul , Nigar Kiran , Akhtar Suhail , Khan Azmat Ali , Khan Asifullah 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHepatitis E virus is a primary cause of acute hepatitis worldwide. The present study attempts to assess the genetic variability and evolutionary divergence among HEV genotypes. A vaccine promising capsid‐protein coding ORF‐2 gene sequences of HEV was evaluated using phylogenetics, model‐based population genetic methods and principal component analysis. The analyses unveiled nine distinct clusters as subpopulations for six HEV genotypes. HEV‐3 genotype samples stratified into four different subgroups, while HEV‐4 stratified into three additional subclusters. Rabbit‐infectious HEV‐3ra samples constitute a distinct cluster. Pairwise analysis identified marked genetic distinction of HEV‐4c and HEV‐4i subgenotypes compared to other genotypes. Numerous admixed, inter and intragenotype recombinant strains were detected. The MEME method identified several ORF‐2 codon sites under positive selection. Some selection signatures lead to amino acid substitutions within ORF‐2, resulting in altered physicochemical features. Moreover, a pattern of host‐specific adaptive signatures was identified among HEV genotypes. The analyses conclusively depict that recombination and episodic positive selection events have shaped the observed genetic diversity among different HEV genotypes. The significant genetic diversity and stratification of HEV‐3 and HEV‐4 genotypes into subgroups, as identified in the current study, are noteworthy and may have implications for the efficacy of anti‐HEV vaccines.
Distortion risk measures: Prudence, coherence, and the expected shortfall
Authors: Amarante Massimiliano , Liebrich Felix‐Benedikt 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDistortion risk measures (DRM) are risk measures that are law invariant and comonotonic additive. The present paper is an extensive inquiry into this class of risk measures in light of new ideas such as qualitative robustness, prudence and no reward for concentration, and tail relevance. Results include several characterizations of prudent DRMs, a novel representation of coherent DRMs as well as an axiomatization of the Expected Shortfall alternative to the one recently provided by Wang and Zitikis. By linking the two axiomatizations, the paper provides a new perspective on the idea of no reward for concentration. The paper also contains results of independent interest such as the lower semicontinuity with respect to convergence in distribution of the Haezendonck–Goovaerts risk measures, the extension of non‐necessarily convex risk measures as well as the structure of the core of a general submodular distortion.
Fighting over nation or state: States, communal demography, and the type of ethnic civil war
Authors: Lange Matthew , Jeong Tay 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe recognise nationalist and centre‐seeking ethnic civil wars as distinct types of conflict and draw on key ideas from political sociology to make hypotheses about the causes of each. First, we argue that the character of states shapes antistate actors in ways that channel ethnic conflict in different ways, with pluralist states promoting nationalist warfare but integrative states contributing to centre‐seeking civil war. Second, we propose that the relative power of communities affects the type of ethnic civil war, arguing that centre‐seeking civil war is most common in situations of communal multipolarity whereas nationalist civil war is concentrated in regions with asymmetric power relations. And because historical statehood promotes elements of pluralist states and asymmetric communal power relations, we hypothesise that the risk of nationalist civil war is high in places with large and longstanding states. To test these hypotheses, we use ethnic fractionalisation to measure configurations of communal power and the state antiquity index to measure level of historical statehood, create a variable measuring the extent to which colonial states were pluralist, and run panel analyses of the odds of civil war onset. With one possible exception, the findings support our hypotheses.
Beyond the protest paradigm: Four types of news coverage and America's most prominent social movement organizations
Authors: Amenta Edwin , Caren Neal , Yuan Weijun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWhat determines the quality of coverage received by social movement organizations when they appear extensively in the news? Research on the news coverage of social movement organizations is dominated by case studies supporting the “protest paradigm,” which argues that journalists portray movement activists trivially and negatively when covering protest. However, movement organizations often make long‐running news for many different reasons, mainly not protest. We argue that some of this extensive news will lead to worse coverage—in terms of substance and sentiment—notably when the main action covered involves violence. Extensive coverage centered on other actions, however, notably politically assertive action, will tend to produce “good news” in these dimensions. We analyze the news of the twentieth century's 100 most‐covered U.S. movement organizations in their biggest news year in four national newspapers. Topic models indicate that these organizations were mainly covered for actions other than nonviolent protest, including politically assertive action, strikes, civic action, investigations, trials, and violence. Natural language processing analyses and hand‐coding show that their news also varied widely in sentiment and substance. Employing qualitative comparative analyses, we find that the main action behind news strongly influences its quality, and there may be several news paradigms for movement organizations.