bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adherence to Guidelines for Youths With Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Waitzfelder Beth , Pihoker Catherine , Klingensmith Georgeanna , Case Doug , Anderson Andrea , Bell Ronny A. , Lawrence Jean M. , Mayer-Davis Elizabeth J. , Imperatore Giuseppina , Standiford Debra , Rodriguez Beatriz L. , Dabelea Dana , Seid Michael ,   for the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study Group
Published: August 2011

OBJECTIVE:
To describe demographic and clinical characteristics associated with self-reported receipt of tests and measurements recommended by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) for children and youths with diabetes.

METHODS:
The study included 1514 SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study participants who completed a survey about diabetes care received. Quality-of-care measures were based on ADA guidelines for eye examinations and glycohemoglobin (hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c]), lipid level, microalbuminuria, and blood pressure measurements, and a composite variable of these 5 indicators was created. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess the association of selected demographic and clinical characteristics with the reported receipt of all recommended tests and measurements according to age and diabetes type subgroups.

RESULTS:
Overall, 95% of the participants reported having their blood pressure checked at all or most visits, 88% had lipid levels measured, 83% had kidney function tested, 68% underwent HbA1c testing, and 66% underwent an eye examination, in accordance with ADA recommendations. Participants aged 18 years or older, particularly those with type 2 diabetes, tended to have fewer tests of all kinds performed. Age and family income emerged as important correlates of overall quality of care in multivariate models; older age and lower income were associated with not meeting guidelines.

CONCLUSIONS:
Although there was relatively good adherence to ADA-recommended guidelines for most indicators, efforts are needed to improve rates of HbA1c testing and eye examinations, particularly among older youths.
Specific Celiac Disease Antibodies in Children on a Gluten-Free Diet
Authors: Esch Caroline E. Hogen , Wolters Victorien M. , Gerritsen Susan A. M. , Putter Hein , von Blomberg B. Mary , van Hoogstraten Ingrid M. W. , Houwen Roderick H. J. , van der Lely Nico , Mearin M. Luisa 
Published: August 2011

OBJECTIVE:
Celiac disease (CD) is characterized by histologic alterations in small bowel biopsies. Circulating specific CD antibodies at the time of diagnosis and their disappearance after a gluten-free diet support the diagnosis of CD. We aimed to determine the behavior of the CD antibodies immunoglobulin A anti-tissue transglutaminase (anti-TG2) and immunoglobulin A endomysium (EMA) in children with CD after starting a gluten-free diet.

METHODS:
This was a retrospective multicenter study in the Netherlands between 2001 and 2009. Inclusion criteria were all newly diagnosed patients with CD younger than 19 years who had at least 1 anti-TG2 and/or EMA measurement before and after starting a gluten-free diet. Eight different anti-TG2 kits were used with substrates of guinea pig TG2 in 1 (Sigma) and 7 human-recombinant TG2: Varelisa and EliA Celikey Phadia-GmbH; Orgentec Diagnostica-GmbH; Diarect AG; Roboscreen GmbH; Aeskulisa Diagnostics; Binding Site Ltd. EMA was analyzed with indirect immunofluorescence tests. Statistical analyses were performed by using mixed-model repeated measurements and survival analysis.

RESULTS:
There were 129 children with CD included (mean age: 5.6 years; SD ± 4.2). The mean concentration of anti-TG2 decreased significantly within 3 months after starting a gluten-free diet (P &lt; .0001). The cumulative percentage of children who became negative for EMA after ½, 1, 1½, and 2 years was 31%, 60%, 74%, and 87%, respectively. For anti-TG2, a comparable trend was shown: 35%, 55%, 64%, and 78%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:
Doctors taking care of children with CD should be aware that the mean concentration of anti-TG2 will show a 74% decrease (95% confidence interval: 69%–79%) after 3 months of gluten-free diet, and ∼80% of the children will be sero-negative for EMA and anti-TG2 after 2 years of the diet.
Extraction Socket Preservation Graft Before Implant Placement With Calcium Sulfate Hemihydrate and Platelet‐Rich Plasma: A Clinical and Histomorphometric Study in Humans
Authors: Kutkut Ahmad , Andreana Sebastiano , Kim Hyeong‐ll , Monaco Edward 
Published: August 2011

Background: The aim of this investigation is to evaluate clinical and histologic outcome of using medical‐grade calcium sulfate hemihydrate (MGCSH) mixed with platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) for extraction socket preservation graft before implant placement.Methods: This study is a single‐site, randomized and controlled investigation. Sixteen patients with a non‐restorable tooth requiring extraction followed by implant placement were enrolled in this study. After extraction of a tooth, eight selected patients randomly received MGCSH mixed with PRP in the extraction sockets (test group), and eight selected patients randomly received collagen resorbable plug dressing material (control group). At the time of extraction and 3 months later (at implant placement surgery), vertical and horizontal socket dimensions were measured. Bone core samples were retrieved from the center of the healed socket before implant placement for histomorphometric analysis.Results: There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups based on histomorphometric analysis (P <0.05). New vital bone percentage regenerated after 3 months of healing was 66.5% ± 10.4% in sockets grafted with MGCSH mixed with PRP compared to 38.3% ± 9.3% collagen resorbable plug. There was no statistically significant difference in the amount of vertical and horizontal bone resorption (P >0.05) between groups. In all cases but two in the control group, implants were placed with primary stability.Conclusion: MGCSH mixed with PRP showed greater vital bone volume at 3 months with rapid enhancement of bone healing compared to PRP‐free collagen resorbable graft.
Is the Audit Fee Disclosure a Leading Indicator of Clients' Business Risk?
Authors: Stanley Jonathan D. 
Published: August 2011

SUMMARY
This study hypothesizes a link between observed audit prices and future reported changes in clients' economic condition. As predicted, results from a traditional audit fee model, estimated using a large sample of U.S. public company engagements spanning from 2000 to 2007, reveal a significant inverse relation between audit fees and the one-year-ahead change in a measure of clients' operating performance. Additional analysis indicates that the relation extends to more forward-looking changes (up to five years ahead) and is stronger for negative versus positive changes in performance. Results also indicate that audit fees reflect future changes in clients' earnings that are unaccounted for by analysts' forecasts. In contrast, the findings reveal little evidence of a relation between audit fees and future changes in clients' solvency, including bankruptcy status. Collectively, the study's results provide initial evidence suggesting that the audit fee disclosure is a leading indicator of the operating performance dimension of clients' business risk.
Data Availability: Data are available from public sources cited in the text.
Management Reporting on Internal Control and Accruals Quality: Insights from a “Comply-or-Explain” Internal Control Regime
Authors: Van de Poel Katrien , Vanstraelen Ann 
Published: August 2011

SUMMARY
Internal control regulation remains the subject of an ongoing global debate among academics, regulators, and practitioners in terms of costs and effectiveness. This is reflected by different internal control regulations in different countries, resulting in varying management's incentives across regulatory regimes. Prior research, however, has primarily focused on the U.S. rules-based setting to study the relationship between internal control regulation and financial reporting. The purpose of this paper is to study the relationship between internal control reporting and accruals quality in an alternative internal control regime based on the “comply-or-explain principle” in The Netherlands. We show that in this setting accruals quality is not associated with the description of the internal control system, while there is evidence of a positive association with an unaudited statement of effective internal controls. Further, we find that the noncompliance rate of providing a statement of effective internal controls is relatively high, and that companies give generic explanations for noncompliance or no explanation at all. Overall, insights from different internal control regulatory regimes may further advance our knowledge on internal control regulation effectiveness.
Data Availability: All data are publicly available.
How Do Audit Seniors Respond to Heightened Fraud Risk?
Authors: Hammersley Jacqueline S. , Johnstone Karla M. , Kadous Kathryn 
Published: August 2011

SUMMARY
This paper describes how audit seniors modify a standard audit program in response to heightened fraud risk when cues allow formation of specific hypotheses about the nature of the fraud. We conduct an experiment in which we manipulate provision of information about an internal control material weakness. We find that when fraud risk is heightened by provision of material weakness information, audit seniors' programs are of lower quality. This occurs because these auditors tend to propose audit program modifications that are not effective in detecting the fraud, resulting in programs that are less efficient. We also investigate determinants of higher-quality audit programs, finding that program quality increases as auditors identify more risk factors focused on the specific fraud. These results suggest that identifying risk factors focused on the fraud area is critical to the development of high-quality audit plans, and thus to fraud detection.
Weak relatively uniform convergences on abelian lattice ordered groups
Authors: Černák Štefan , Jakubík Ján 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
The notion of relatively uniform convergence has been applied in the theory of vector lattices and in the theory of archimedean lattice ordered groups. Let G be an abelian lattice ordered group. In the present paper we introduce the notion of weak relatively uniform convergence (wru-convergence, for short) on G generated by a system M of regulators. If G is archimedean and M = G
+, then this type of convergence coincides with the relative uniform convergence on G. The relation of wru-convergence to the o-convergence is examined. If G has the diagonal property, then the system of all convex ℓ-subgroups of G closed with respect to wru-limits is a complete Brouwerian lattice. The Cauchy completeness with respect to wru-convergence is dealt with. Further, there is established that the system of all wru-convergences on an abelian divisible lattice ordered group G is a complete Brouwerian lattice.
Absolutely continuous variational measures of Mawhin’s type
Authors: Tulone Francesco , Zherebyov Yurij 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
In this paper we study absolutely continuous and σ-finite variational measures corresponding to Mawhin, F- and BV -integrals. We obtain characterization of these σ-finite variational measures similar to those obtained in the case of standard variational measures. We also give a new proof of the Radon-Nikodým theorem for these measures.
Strongly almost (ω, λ, q)-summable sequences
Authors: Işik Mahmut 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to introduce the spaces of sequences that are strongly almost (ω, λ, q)-summable with respect to a modulus function. We give some relations related to these sequence spaces. It is also shown that if a sequence is strongly (ω, λ, q)-summable with respect to a modulus function, then it is S(λ
q)-statistically convergent.
On some new generalized difference sequence spaces defined by a sequence of moduli
Authors: Atici Gülcan , Bektaş Çiĝdem 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
In this paper, we define the new generalized difference sequence spaces [V, λ, F, p, q]0(Δvm), [V, λ, F, p, q]1(Δvm) and [V, λ, F, p, q]∞(Δvm). We also study some inclusion relations between these spaces.
Geometry of isometric reflection vectors
Authors: García-Pacheco Francisco 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
In this paper we study the geometry of isometric reflection vectors. In particular, we generalize known results by proving that the minimal face that contains an isometric reflection vector must be an exposed face. We also solve an open question by showing that there are isometric reflection vectors in any two dimensional subspace that are not isometric reflection vectors in the whole space. Finally, we prove that the previous situation does not hold in smooth spaces, and study the orthogonality properties of isometric reflection vectors in those spaces.
Evidences of zooplankton vertical migration in stocked and never-stocked alpine lakes in Gran Paradiso National Park (Italy)
Authors: Tiberti Rocco , Barbieri Mattia 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
Zooplankton vertical migration was described in four high altitude lakes in Gran Paradiso National Park (Northern Italy) during 2008 summertime. The authors succeeded in describing the vertical distribution of 6 species: diel vertical migrations were observed in the case of adult crustacean species (Cyclops gr. abyssorum, Arctodiaptomus alpinus and Daphnia gr. longispina), whereas the remaining rotifer species (Keratella quadrata, Polyarthra gr. dolichoptera and Synchaeta gr. stylata-pectinata) and naupliar stages of copepods did not undergo migrations. Migratory behavior of Daphnia gr. longispina and Cyclops gr. abyssorum was influenced by the size of individuals, especially larger individuals use to migrate deeper during the day compared to the smaller conspecific. This study provides new evidences of zooplankton vertical migration in never-stocked lakes and highlights the need to consider the zooplankton migration as result of multiple causal factors.
Single Crystal Charge Density Studies of Thermoelectric Material Indium Antimonide
Authors: Muthaian Charles Robert , Subha Bandarinathan , Saravanan Ramachandran 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
density distribution using the single crystal X-ray intensity data. The charge density of this material has been studied including and excluding the quasi-forbidden h+k +l = 4n+2 type reflections using the maximum entropy method (MEM). Both the pictorial and numerical results of the experimental electron density show mixed ionic and covalent character in InSb. The use of InSb as a thermoelectric material is supported through charge density analysis.
The Effect of Substrate Clamping on Laminated Magnetoelectric Composite
Authors: Guo Hong-Li , Li Hai-Min , Li Xue-Dong , Xiao Ding-Quan , Zhu Jian-Guo 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
laminated composites on silicon or magnesium oxide substrates. The magnetoelectric voltage coefficient is calculated as function of interface coupling factor k, volume ratio of piezoelectrics to piezomagnetic, and volume ratio of substrates to composite. It was found that the magnetoelectric voltage coefficient decreases as the interface coupling factor k weakens, while the volume ratio of piezoelectrics to piezomagnetic vmax shifts to lead-rich compositions. The magnetoelectric voltage coefficient of laminated composites decreases sharply with increasing substrates thickness ratio, which shows strong substrate clamping effect to the magnetoelectric composite.
Numerical Solutions of Systems of High-Order Linear Differential-Difference Equations with Bessel Polynomial Bases
Authors: Yüzbași Șuayip , Șahin Niyazi , Yıldırımb Ahmet 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
In this paper, a numerical matrix method, which is based on collocation points, is presented for the approximate solution of a system of high-order linear differential-difference equations with variable coefficients under the mixed conditions in terms of Bessel polynomials. Numerical examples are included to demonstrate the validity and applicability of the technique and comparisons are made with existing results. The results show the efficiency and accuracy of the present work. All of the numerical computations have been performed on computer using a program written in MATLAB v7.6.0 (R2008a).
Reductions and Solutions of Two Types of Coupled Nonlinear Evolution Equations in Optical Fibers and Fluid Dynamics
Authors: Liu Li-Cai , Tian Bo , Qin Bo , Lü Xing , Lin Zhi-Qiang , Liu Wen-Jun 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
Under investigation in this paper are the coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations (CNLSEs) and coupled Burgers-type equations (CBEs), which are, respectively, a model for certain birefringent optical fibers Raman-scattering, Kerr and gain/loss effects, and a generalized model in fluid dynamics. Special attention should be paid to the existing claim that the solitons for the CNLSEs do not exist. Through certain dependent-variable transformations, the CNLSEs are reduced to a Manakov system and the CBEs are linearized. In that way, some new solutions of the CNLSEs and CBEs are obtained via symbolic computation. Especially the one-dark-soliton-like solutions for the CNLSEs have been found, against the existing claim.
Shape Matters: Anisotropy of the Morphology of Inorganic Colloidal Particles – Synthesis and Function
Authors: Polarz Sebastian 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe shape of a crystalline particle can be defined by a characteristic set and abundance of surfaces corresponding to the lattice planes [hkl] of the crystal. The structure, the density, the electronic system, and the energy of each [hkl]‐surface is different from the others. Consequently, every morphology is also characterized by a unique free energy compared to alternative shapes at a constant surface‐to‐volume ratio. Using tools from geometrical crystallography, an attempt is made to describe the systems in terms of morphology energy landscapes. It is obvious that, similar to surface phenomena, shape‐related properties are also apparent, in particular at the nanometer‐scale. However, morphology effects go much beyond surface effects. It will be shown that not only catalytic properties differ with particle shape, but also magnetic, optical, electronic, mechanical, and self‐assembly properties are influenced. In addition, analytical methods are highlighted that are suitable for the determination of the shape of the particles. Different methods are discussed that can be found for the synthesis of anisotropic metal and metal‐oxide nanoparticles.
Multi‐level modeling of aspects associated with poor mental health in a sample of prehospital emergency professionals
Authors: Arial Marc , Wild Pascal , Benoit Damien , Chouaniere Dominique , Danuser Brigitta 
Published: August 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe goal of this paper is to investigate the respective influence of work characteristics, the effort–reward ratio, and overcommitment on the poor mental health of out‐of‐hospital care providers.Methods333 out‐of‐hospital care providers answered a questionnaire that included queries on mental health (GHQ‐12), demographics, health‐related information and work characteristics, questions from the Effort–Reward Imbalance Questionnaire, and items about overcommitment. A two‐level multiple regression was performed between mental health (the dependent variable) and the effort–reward ratio, the overcommitment score, weekly number of interventions, percentage of non‐prehospital transport of patients out of total missions, gender, and age. Participants were first‐level units, and ambulance services were second‐level units. We also shadowed ambulance personnel for a total of 416 hr.ResultsWith cutoff points of 2/3 and 3/4 positive answers on the GHQ‐12, the percentages of potential cases with poor mental health were 20% and 15%, respectively. The effort–reward ratio was associated with poor mental health (P < 0.001), irrespective of age or gender. Overcommitment was associated with poor mental health; this association was stronger in women (β = 0.054) than in men (β = 0.020). The percentage of prehospital missions out of total missions was only associated with poor mental health at the individual level.ConclusionsEmergency medical services should pay attention to the way employees perceive their efforts and the rewarding aspects of their work: an imbalance of those aspects is associated with poor mental health. Low perceived esteem appeared particularly associated with poor mental health. This suggests that supervisors of emergency medical services should enhance the value of their employees' work. Employees with overcommitment should also receive appropriate consideration. Preventive measures should target individual perceptions of effort and reward in order to improve mental health in prehospital care providers. Am. J. Ind. Med. 54:847–857, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Predicting the open conformations of protein kinases using molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Bjarnadottir Una , Nielsen Jens Erik 
Published: August 2011

AbstractProtein kinases (PK) control phosphorylation in eukaryotic cells, and thereby regulate metabolic pathways, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and transcription. Consequently, there is significant interest in manipulating PK activity and treat diseases by using small‐molecule drugs. All PK catalytic domains undergo large conformational changes as a result of substrate binding and phosphorylation. The “closed” state of a PK catalytic domain is the only state able to phosphorylate the target substrate, which makes the two other observed states (the “open” and the “intermediate” states) interesting drug targets. We investigate whether molecular dynamics (MD) simulations starting from the closed state of the catalytic domain of protein kinase A (C‐PKA) can be used to produce realistic structures representing the intermediate and/or open conformation of C‐PKA, because this would allow for drug docking calculations and drug design using MD snapshots. We perform 36 ten‐nanosecond MD simulations starting from the closed conformation [PDB ID: ATP] of C‐PKA in various liganded and phosphorylated states. The results show that MD simulations are capable of reproducing the open conformation of C‐PKA with good accuracy within 1 ns of simulation as measured by Cα root mean square deviations (RMSDs) and RMSDs of atoms defining the ATP‐binding pocket. Importantly, we are able to show that even without knowledge of the structure of the open form of C‐PKA, we can identify the MD snapshots resembling the open conformation most using the open structure of a different PK displaying only 23% sequence identity to C‐PKA. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 97: 65–72, 2012.