bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences among States
Authors: Francis Leslie P. , Francis John G. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
U.S. states vary greatly on measures of health and the social determinants of health. This chapter explores the correlation of these stark differences with demographic factors such as race and ethnicity and with cultural factors such as religious identification. It demonstrates that states with the most vehement opposition to federal programs such as Medicaid receive the greatest federal subsidies. These differences are regional: people in the South are more likely to die young, less likely to have access to health insurance, and more likely to be opposed to abortion than their counterparts in the Northeast and the West Coast. These differences have implications for bioethics, such as whether medical aid in dying should be supported in a state where many residents lack access to minimally decent health care. They also have implications for the ethics of federalism such as whether better-off states should be expected to subsidize states that lack policies to improve access to care.
Family Mediation
Authors: Salem Peter , Mayer Bernard 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Family mediation emerged in the 1970s and 1980s in response to widespread dissatisfaction with traditional adversarial legal process. The hope was that mediation would transform separation and divorce from an acrimonious and draining experience to a collaborative, problem-solving endeavor resulting in better outcomes for divorcing parties and especially their children. While an initial surge of enthusiasm drew many mental health professionals, lawyers, and others to seek training and to establish a mediation practice which emphasized collaborative approaches to negotiations, the realities of the divorce process and the legal system often made it difficult to put these goals into practice. This chapter explores the barriers that arose to achieving the early vision of family mediation, the successes and failures experienced in embedding mediation into the divorce process, and how these have influenced modern-day family dispute resolution practice.
A Mediation Model for Self-Represented Parties
Authors: Hansen Susan , Holtz Casey A. , Dwyer Michael 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter provides a summary of a successfully implemented family law mediation model designed for self-represented parties. The chapter discusses the need for developing divorce mediation services for self-represented parties as well as information regarding the benefits of interdisciplinary mediation for this population. The chapter outlines the mediation process with details of each interdisciplinary professional’s role in the process, including the lawyer-mediator, the child specialist, and the financial neutral. The chapter concludes with a summary of the benefits of the process for families, professionals, and the courts alongside the potential barriers that may need to be addressed for proper implementation.
Parenting Coordination
Authors: Fidler Barbara , Burns Annette T. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Between 20% and 25% of separating/divorcing parents remain engaged in chronic conflict several years after separation. This high-conflict co-parenting is characterized by high degrees of mistrust, escalated anger, poor communication, low cooperation, ineffective or failed decision-making, high relitigation rates, multiple agency involvement, and complaints to professional governing bodies. Parenting coordination is a dispute resolution process to assist parents engaged in high-conflict co-parenting implement their parenting plan. This chapter summarizes the legal framework, practice variation, and guidelines and provides an overview of the process including screening and intake, contracting, consensus-building (parent education, implementing a parenting plan, conflict management, negotiation), and decision-making. The risks and benefits of the process are discussed.
Arbitrating Family Law Disputes
Authors: Atwood Barbara Ann 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter is a guide to family law arbitration laws and practice. Its focus is on voluntary contractual arbitration, not the court-annexed, non-binding arbitration that exists to encourage settlement of cases. The chapter highlights the advantages and limitations of arbitration as compared to other forms of dispute resolution and gives an overview of state law on family law arbitration and the process itself. The elements of an arbitration agreement are discussed as well as special considerations relating to child-related disputes and the potential impact of intimate partner violence. The blend of arbitration in combination with other alternative dispute resolution methods, in particular the “med-arb” hybrid, is also explored. Where relevant, the discussion emphasizes variations in state law. The chapter concludes with a brief description of religious arbitration.
Substance Use Disorders
Authors: Tabashneck Stephanie , Drozd Leslie , Soilson Jeffrey A. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Substance use disorder (SUD) is best viewed through a medical lens instead of as evidence of a moral failure or deep-seated character flaw. Evidence-based treatment, research-supported psychotherapy, and medically assisted treatment in family dispute resolution processes are preferred as opposed to adversarial interventions. Given that SUD is found in 1 in 8 families, screening is mandatory in all family law matters. SUD affects both individuals and families. Non-use during parenting time may be the goal as opposed to total abstinence. Given that relapse is a predictable part of addiction, relapse prevention is part of treatment. Parenting plans best consider both the safety of the child and the child’s need to sustain a connection with their parent(s). The guiding principles for SUD treatment for the family involve safety, connection, accountability, and compassion.
Limited Scope Representation
Authors: Mosten Forrest S. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter is about limited scope representation, also known as unbundling. It has been adopted by judges, the legal profession, and divorcing parties across the United States. It is a legal access approach that allows attorneys to better and more affordably serve unrepresented divorce litigants. It assists overburdened and underfunded courts. This chapter will focus on a critical benefit of limited scope representation: the ability of divorce professionals to provide information and support to divorcing families to help reduce family conflicts, in mediation and other collaborative processes, with the goal of reducing pernicious harm to parents and children and to prepare families to repair and even improve post-divorce family relationships. This chapter discusses four unbundled peacemaking roles that lawyers can play: (1) collaborative lawyer; (2) lawyer-coach for self-represented litigants; (3) lawyer for mediation participants; and (4) preventive legal healthcare provider.
Gender and Sexual Orientation Matters
Authors: Barsky Allan Edward 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter provides family dispute resolution professionals with information about how to take gender and sexuality into account when engaging, assessing, and helping individual clients and families experiencing conflict related to separation and divorce. In particular, this chapter offers questions, topics, and general practice guidelines to consider when working with clients who may be LGBTQ+ or may have LGBTQ+ family members. To ensure LGBTQ+-affirmative practice, family dispute resolution professions are encouraged to use inclusive language and cultural humility, respecting clients and family members as experts in their own lives. This chapter also explores concerns that may arise in relation to discrimination against LGBTQ+ individuals, power and intimate partner abuse among couples with LGBTQ+ partners, coming out processes, and working with families with LGBTQ+ children.
Before We Teach Music
Authors: Custodero Lori A. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Music is a human activity—a social phenomenon, functioning as a means of comfort, expression, and communication that serves us throughout our lifespan—and one of the few activities that can be meaningful for an eight-week-old infant as well as an octogenarian. This book examines childhood as a site where enculturation mixes with individual experience to create foundational ways of being musical. Through accessing interdisciplinary scholarship and multiple sources of data, this volume reveals how our capacities to live musically and to cultivate a musical life are derived from the legacies of childhood. Within this book, the reader will find excerpted musical autobiographies culled from over 200 music education graduate students as a way to understand the variability of “how music means” within broadly conceived developmental contexts: early childhood memories of music evoked strong associations with family members; dispositional practices and expressions of musical identities surfaced in memories of middle childhood; and strong memories of disruption, renewal, and resistance around musical trajectories occurred mainly in later adolescence and early adulthood. These stories are meant to generate the reader’s own recollections and provoke a process of self-reflection on how the past informs the present, and how our current actions help shape future experiences. The book addresses what parents, teachers, performers, and composers learn from their encounters with children; they speak with much passion of how their enthusiastic discovery of what to us seems mundane can renew a sense of wonder and curiosity that fuels creative and ethical work.
Musical Beings
Authors: Custodero Lori A. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Childhood is a critical period in which music functions to cultivate relationships, support dispositions, and encourage experiences of expression and communication. It also provides a means through which children can be agents in their own self-regulation and comfort. Reflecting on our past experiences in childhood and attending to our immediate experiences with children provide a foundation for sympathetic responsiveness to children’s needs and awareness of (previously hidden) capabilities. The chapter illuminates how and why we are musical beings; how the temporal, dynamic, social, and physical properties of music are aligned with qualities of human existence; and how they are manifested in children’s capabilities for embodiment. Given the broad expanse of music both in everyday life and in its function as a tool for intensifying as well as transcending the present moment, it is important to consider its role in shaping us and the groups to which we belong.
A Sense of Musical Self
Authors: Custodero Lori A. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Our childhood memories can tell us about the ways in which our sense of music develops vis-à-vis dispositions and identities. Dispositions involve the natural inclination toward certain behaviors, which situate us in relationship to music and to others. The concept of musician is recollected at about the age children start attending school, perhaps due to school being one of the first places we are introduced to peers, who bring a variety of often unfamiliar experiences, allowing us to begin seeing our own dispositions as distinctive. Early dispositions for music were also recollected in stories that involved embodiment, reflecting mimesis, an effort to get inside, to become the musical sounds, or emulation, involving trying on various models of music making in our environment. Young children’s identification with music often takes the form of engagement in imaginative play, reconstructing familiar scenes, taking on roles of parent, teacher, and rock star.
Encounters with Children
Authors: Custodero Lori A. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In studies of musical parenting, researchers have found parents to have a natural tendency to share musical experiences with their infants and young children. Conrad provides a comparative analysis of Darwin’s diary and his published scientific report of his own infant’s development. In his diary, there was a change from “detached observer” to “embodied participant” that involved reciprocal actions and acknowledgment. This exchange with young children produces an unmasking of the objective, distantly academic, and controlled persona, revealing a vulnerability to surprise and delight. Such a response may perhaps best be described as enchantment, which, Bennett writes, is “to be struck and shaken by the extraordinary that lives amid the familiar and every day.” A case study of the Scottish Opera’s creation for infants called BambinO draws from interviews and focus groups with the composer, director, stage manager, instrumentalists, and singers. Their experiences of mutuality and enchantment provide support for the impact of being with children.
Experimental Film and Queer Materiality
Authors: Suárez Juan A. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This book shows that experimental cinema revealed a peculiar latency of the modern everyday that can be called “queer materiality.” Queer materiality designates a sense of queer possibility in modern material culture, which often inspired queer artists and filmmakers to envision wayward bodies and behaviors; it also refers to the way in which sexual and social dissidence was embedded in the objects, technologies, substances, and spaces that make up the hardware of experience. Experimental film offers a rich archive of queer material engagements. This book studies various queer material configurations in the work of well-known filmmakers such as Andy Warhol, Barbara Hammer, Carolee Schneemann, or Jack Smith, but it also explores under-recognized figures such as Tom Chomont, Jim Hubbard, Ashley Hans Scheirl, and Teo Hernández. Combining history, formal analysis, and theoretical reflection, the book shows how plastics, glitter, mechanical ensembles, urban ruins, garbage, mood-enhancers such as amphetamine, film grain, or noise have been mobilized in the articulation of queerness for the screen. The book’s inquiry into the liveliness of matter and into the interface between sexuality and the material world directly resonates with a growing ecological consciousness and with current concerns about the definition and reach of the human in a universe of intricate post-human entanglements.
Ruins, Magical Objects, Litter, Synthetics
Authors: Suárez Juan A. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter tracks the material investments of 1940s and 1950s experimental cinema in order to counter traditional assessments that emphasize its subjective and mythic registers. Postwar experimental film contained an implicit discourse on the objects and materials of modernity; it enlisted quotidian material culture in the depiction of unconventional bodies, desires, and styles of community, and unveiled a queer potential in the modern everyday. Some filmmakers (Jim Davis, Sara Kathryn Arledge or Fernand Léger) did so by engaging, often with satirical intent, new plastics and resins, mechanically produced parts, and industrial designs. Others (Kenneth Anger, Harry Smith, Marie Menken, Ken Jacobs, or Ron Rice) opposed the functionality and transparency of postwar material culture and featured in their work ruins, junk, magical objects, dated fin-de-siécle prints and illustrations, and dime-store trifles to create trans-corporeal ensembles endowed with queer animacy.
Crashing Bodies, Excrement, and Plastics
Authors: Suárez Juan A. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter characterizes the queerness of Mike and George Kuchar’s 1960s films as a materializing drive that reduces sexuality, desire, and the body to excrement. The chapter traces the origins of the Kuchars’ worldview in the popular culture of the 1950s; it explores the role of excrement in the iconography and syntax of their films; and it shows how the excremental is used to subvert the hygienic aspirations of the plastic modernity of their youth. Ubiquitous by mid-century, plastics were endowed with an aura of functionality and newness. In the Kuchars’ films, they range from the ornamental to the absurd to the degraded, excremental, and trashy. Plastic gadgets, synthetic fabrics, toys, knick-knacks, and figurines supplement, replace, or alter human bodies, prompt grotesque passions, and create fantastic environments that, while poised in counterpoint to normality, are still conjured out of the most ordinary of materials.
Film Grain, Discontinuous Representation, and the Queer Corporealities of Underground Cinema
Authors: Suárez Juan A. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores the pervasiveness of grain in underground film of the 1960s and 1970s and the way in which this textured surface contributes to defamiliarizing the representation of the body and sexuality. Grain’s pervasiveness in experimental film from the early 1960s forward was due to the widespread use of highly sensitive small-gauge film stocks. Grainy images are symptomatic of a contemporary shift from the line to the dotted field as basic means of representation. While film grain is structurally cognate to the binary coding of information formalized by Claude Shannon, artists and filmmakers used it to convey the anarchic animation of queer bodies and desires and the liveliness of the material world. The chapter explores artists’ perceptions and uses of dotted surfaces as means of representation and analyses queer experimental films that apply this texture to the representation of unorthodox corporealities and desires.
Ongoing Coordination
Authors: McClimans Leah M. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter fills out the epistemic theory for patient-centered measures by addressing the second criterion of patient-centeredness: be inclusive of patient perspectives. While Chapter 3 focused on the role patients play in creating these measures through, for instance, construct development, this chapter focuses on the role they play as respondents, that is, as people who fill out questionnaires. How can we ensure that measurement outcomes reflect the varied perspectives that people have on their, for example, physical functioning and quality of life? This chapter focuses on standardized questions—why we use them, the assumptions we make when we use them, and whether these assumptions are justified. The argument is that certain practices of standardization can undermine the alignment between validity and fairness in patient-centered measures, or what I will call “fit for purpose.” The solution this chapter puts forward is ongoing coordination between a measure’s construct and its measuring instrument.
Are Patient-Centered Constructs Measurable?
Authors: McClimans Leah M. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In the well-being literature, philosophers tend to think of measurability in terms of heterogeneity. This chapter shares that interest. Heterogeneity is the idea that the goods required to make one individual’s life go well are sufficiently different from those required to make other’s lives go well. If the goods required for a good life are different for individuals, then measuring a good life is difficult. When you combine heterogeneity with a desire to create measures that are sensitive to individual perspectives, some philosophers of well-being conclude that these constructs aren’t measurable or that, if they are measurable, it’s only in a limited way. Similarly, health researchers also find heterogeneity problematic. Both philosophers and health researchers typically construe heterogeneity as an obstacle to measurement. Contrary to these approaches, this chapter argues that if patient-centered constructs are measurable at all it’s because of heterogeneity, not despite it.
Education of the Indigenous Nobility
Authors: Laird Andrew 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The Imperial College of Santa Cruz in Tlatelolco was established in 1536 to provide a humanist education to youths from indigenous elites in the Valley of Mexico. This chapter offers clear evidence to prove that the college was never intended to train a native clergy, but rather followed the precedent of institutions that were founded by the Spaniards in Granada and Hispaniola to train a class of native governors. Nonetheless, the foundation of Santa Cruz provoked controversy in New Spain, and there was some debate among Franciscans about the desirability of training Indians for the priesthood. This chapter also throws new light on the college’s pedagogical objectives, individual instructors and students, books that were used, and on how teaching of the trivium of grammar, rhetoric, and logic was conducted. Chapter 4 consists of the following sections: I. Initial contexts and motives for the Indians’ Latin education; II. Foundation of Santa Cruz: Objectives and controversies; III. Education and the trivium at Santa Cruz, including (i) grammar and Latin expression, (ii) logic and rhetoric; and IV. Conclusions.
From the Epistolae et Evangelia to the Huehuetlahtolli
Authors: Laird Andrew 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The varied corpus of literature produced by Franciscans and Mexican scholars at the College of Santa Cruz in Tlatelolco ranged from Latin compositions to translations of Christian texts and original dialogues in Nahuatl. These different kinds of writing have seldom been considered in conjunction, and manuscript copies of Epistles and Gospels in Nahuatl from the 1500s have long been overlooked. Comparison of surviving manuscripts offer fresh insights on the way in which the translations were made and transmitted. Standard interpretations of some original works in Nahuatl, including the Colloquios y Doctrina christiana and the Huehuetlahtolli, can also be questioned, prompting consideration of the extent to which Latin humanism determined the nature of the first literature in Nahuatl. Chapter 5 consists of the following sections: I. Latin manuscripts by Mexican scholars: (i) Juan Badiano, Libellus de medicinalibus Indorum herbis, 1552; (ii) A trilingual vocabulary of Spanish, Latin, and Nahuatl, c. 1545; II. Status and achievements of the native translators; III. Biblical translation; IV. Religious literature in Nahuatl: translations and new compositions: (i) Colloquios y Doctrina christiana, 1564; (ii) translations of the Contemptus mundi and Spanish devotional literature; (iii) the Colloquios de la paz, c. 1540, and Espejo divino, 1607; (iv) The Huehuetlahtolli, c. 1601; and V. Conclusions: Latin humanism and Nahuatl literature.
General Conclusions and Envoi
Authors: Laird Andrew 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The early influence of Erasmus on education, the translation of Latin into Mesoamerican languages, and the involvement of indigenous scholars—leading to the development of an original literature in Nahuatl—account for the distinctive character of humanism in early colonial Mexico. Comparisons of Mexican legacies to those of classical antiquity, initiated by native authors and Spaniards alike, have long endured. Several areas of enquiry remain to be explored: the broader role of Latin in New Spain, and its interactions with Nahuatl in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries; the interference of classical and Christian literature on chronicles and histories of Mexico; and the ways in which humanist learning determined European ethnography and responses to native languages in other regions of the Americas, and beyond. The iconography and lettering of the Nuremberg Map of Mexico Tenochtitlan are discussed as a closing illustration.