bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Re-spacing and re-placing gerontology: relationality and affect
Authors: ANDREWS GAVIN J. , EVANS JOSHUA , WILES JANINE L. 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTThis paper describes how space and place have been understood in gerontology as phenomenon that are both physical and social in character, yet are relatively bounded and static. The argument is posed as to how, following recent developments in human geography, a relational approach might be adopted. Involving a twist in current thinking, this would instead understand space and place each as highly permeable, fluid and networked at multiple scales. Moreover, it is proposed that the concept of ‘affect’ might also be insightful, recognising space and place as being relationally configured and performed, possessing a somatically registered energy, intensity and momentum that precedes deep cognition. Three vignettes illustrate the relationalities and affects in the lives and circumstances of older people, and how focusing more explicitly on them would allow for a richer understanding of where and how they live their lives. The paper closes with some thoughts on future theoretical, methodological and disciplinary considerations.
Older adults' spirituality and life satisfaction: a longitudinal test of social support and sense of coherence as mediating mechanisms
Authors: COWLISHAW SEAN , NIELE SYLVIA , TESHUVA KAREN , BROWNING COLETTE , KENDIG HAL 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTSpirituality is proposed to be a component of successful ageing and has been shown to predict wellbeing in old age. There has been conceptual discussion of possible mechanisms that link spirituality with positive psychological functioning in older adults, but few empirical examinations of these linking mechanisms over time. The current study examined the role of Antonovsky's Sense of Coherence (SOC) and social support in mediating the effects of spirituality on life satisfaction in older participants over a four-year period. The study used a cross-lagged panel analysis to evaluate longitudinal mediation within a path analysis framework. Results showed that the meaningfulness dimension of SOC mediated the influence of spirituality on life satisfaction over time, suggesting that spirituality may influence older adults' experience and perception of life events, leading to a more positive appraisal of these events as meaningful. Social support was not found to mediate the pathway between spirituality and life satisfaction. This study may be the first to examine the link between spirituality, sense of coherence, social support and wellbeing, as measured by life satisfaction, using longitudinal data from a community sample of older adults. The study provides evidence for the positive role of spirituality in the lives of older people. This is an area that requires further examination in models of successful ageing.
Empathy, Simulation, and Narrative
Authors: Gallagher Shaun 
Published: July 2012

ArgumentA number of theorists have proposed simulation theories of empathy. A review of these theories shows that, despite the fact that one version of the simulation theory can avoid a number of problems associated with such approaches, there are further reasons to doubt whether simulation actually explains empathy. A high-level simulation account of empathy, distinguished from the simulation theory of mindreading, can avoid problems associated with low-level (neural) simulationist accounts; but it fails to adequately address two other problems: the diversity problem and the starting problem. It is argued that a narrative approach to empathy obviates all these problems and offers a more parsimonious account.
Empathy in Translation: Movement and Image in the Psychological Laboratory
Authors: Lanzoni Susan 
Published: July 2012

ArgumentThe new English term “empathy” was translated from the GermanEinfühlungin the first decade of the twentieth century by the psychologists James Ward at the University of Cambridge and Edward B. Titchener at Cornell. At Titchener's American laboratory, “empathy” was not a matter of understanding other minds, but rather a projection of imagined bodily movements and accompanying feelings into an object, a meaning that drew from its rich nineteenth-century aesthetic heritage. This rendering of “empathy” borrowed kinaesthetic meanings from German sources, but extended beyond a contemplation of the beautiful to include a variety of experimental stimuli and everyday objects in the laboratory. According to Titchener's structural psychology, all higher thought could be reduced to more elemental aspects of mind, and experimental introspection showed empathy to be constituted of kinaesthetic images. The existence of kinaesthetic images, Titchener argued, formed an incisive critique of the view that thought could take place without images, held by one of Titchener's major psychological rivals, the school of thought-psychologists in Würzburg, Germany. The new term “empathy” in early American academic psychology therefore delineated a kinaesthetic imaginative projection that took place on the basis of ontological difference between minds and things.
Einfühlungand Abstraction in the Moving Image: Historical and Contemporary Reflections
Authors: Curtis Robin 
Published: July 2012

ArgumentDespite the fact that “empathy” is often simply used as a translation ofEinfühlung, the two terms have distinct meanings and distinct disciplinary affiliations. This text considers the manner in which the moving image (whether within a film, video, or art installation) invites spatial forms of engagement akin to those described both by historical accounts ofEinfühlung, a form of engagement that pertains not only to the activities of humans represented within images, but also to the aesthetic qualities of images in a more abstract sense and to the forms to be found there.
Formal Dementia Care among First Nations in Southwestern Ontario
Authors: Finkelstein Sara A. , Forbes Dorothy A. , Richmond Chantelle A.M. 
Published: July 2012

RÉSUMÉCet article traite la façon dont les soins de la démence sont prévus pour les collectivités des Premiers Nations du sud-ouest de l’Ontario. Les données ont été saisies au moyen d’entretiens approfondis avec les prestataires de soins de santé et analysées en utilisant une méthodologie fondée sur une théorie constructiviste. Afin de comprendre les soins de la démence, deux cadres interdépendants ont été identifiés : un cadre de prestation des soins et un cadre de connaissances. Le cadre de prestation des soins a défini des objectifs de soins, des éléments de soins dispensés, les barrières de soins, et des stratégies et des solutions de prestation de soins pour surmonter les obstacles. Le cadre de connaissances a défini quatre groupes de parties prenantes : les personnes atteintes de la démence, les prestataires de soins informels, les prestataires de soins formels et la communauté des Premiers Nations. On a précisé les connaissances qu’il faut que chaque partie possède ou dont elle a besoin et les processus de partage – ou, à défaut de partage – des connaissances dans les soins de la démence. Plusieurs barrières, dont beaucoup sont créées par un manque de connaissances, ont eu un impact négatif sur les soins de la démence. Cependant, les professionels de soins de santé avaient des stratégies efficaces pour la prestation de soins qui ont été conçus pour surmonter les obstacles y compris le partage des connaissances.
Cardiac performance and quality of life in patients who have undergone the Fontan procedure with and without prior superior cavopulmonary connection
Authors: Atz Andrew M. , Travison Thomas G. , McCrindle Brian W. , Mahony Lynn , Glatz Andrew C. , Kaza Aditya K. , Breitbart Roger E. , Colan Steven D. , Kaltman Jonathan R. , Margossian Renee , Pasquali Sara K. , Wang Yanli , Gersony Welton M. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBackgroundA superior cavopulmonary connection is commonly performed before the Fontan procedure in patients with a functionally univentricular heart. Data are limited regarding associations between a prior superior cavopulmonary connection and functional and ventricular performance late after the Fontan procedure.MethodsWe compared characteristics of those with and without prior superior cavopulmonary connection among 546 subjects enrolled in the Pediatric Heart Network Fontan Cross-Sectional Study. We further compared different superior cavopulmonary connection techniques: bidirectional cavopulmonary anastomosis (n equals 229), bilateral bidirectional cavopulmonary anastomosis (n equals 39), and hemi-Fontan (n equals 114).ResultsA prior superior cavopulmonary connection was performed in 408 subjects (75%); the proportion differed by year of Fontan surgery and centre (p-value less than 0.0001 for each). The average age at Fontan was similar, 3.5 years in those with superior cavopulmonary connection versus 3.2 years in those without (p-value equals 0.4). The type of superior cavopulmonary connection varied by site (p-value less than 0.001) and was related to the type of Fontan procedure. Exercise performance, echocardiographic variables, and predominant rhythm did not differ by superior cavopulmonary connection status or among superior cavopulmonary connection types. Using a test of interaction, findings did not vary according to an underlying diagnosis of hypoplastic left heart syndrome.ConclusionsAfter controlling for subject and era factors, most long-term outcomes in subjects with a prior superior cavopulmonary connection did not differ substantially from those without this procedure. The type of superior cavopulmonary connection varied significantly by centre, but late outcomes were similar.
A physiological role for the dopamine D5 receptor as a regulator of BDNF and Akt signalling in rodent prefrontal cortex
Authors: Perreault Melissa L. , Jones-Tabah Jace , O'Dowd Brian F. , George Susan R. 
Published: July 2012

Abstract
The dopamine D5 receptor (D5R) exhibits a wide distribution in prefrontal cortex (PFC) but its role in this region has not yet been elucidated. In the present study, we identified a novel physiological function for the D5R as a regulator of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and Akt signalling in PFC. Specifically, acute activation of the D5R by the dopamine agonist SKF 83959 enhanced BDNF expression and signalling through its receptor, tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB), in rats and in mice gene-deleted for the D1 receptor but not the D5R. These changes were concomitant with increased expression of GAD67, a protein whose down-regulation has been implicated in the aetiology of schizophrenia. Furthermore, D5R activation increased phosphorylation of Akt at the Ser473 site, consequently decreasing the activity of its substrate GSK-3β. These findings could have wide-reaching implications given evidence showing activation of these pathways in PFC has therapeutic effects in neuropsychiatric disorders such as drug addiction, schizophrenia and depression.
Polarization of Class I methanol (CH3OH) masers
Authors: Sarma A. P. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractMagnetic fields are known to play an important role in several stages of the star formation process. Class I methanol (CH3OH) masers offer the possibility of measuring the large-scale magnetic field in star forming regions at high angular resolution, due to connections between the large-scale magnetic field in the pre-shock regions to the observed magnetic field along the outflows in the post-shock regions where these masers are formed. The detection of the Zeeman effect in the 36 GHz and 44 GHz Class I methanol maser lines by Sarma and Momjian has opened an exciting new window into the study of the star formation process, but for the results to be interpreted correctly, the Zeeman splitting factor (z) for both these lines needs to be urgently measured by experiment. Ratios between the pre-shock and post-shock magnetic fields and densities lead to the conclusion that the value of z cannot be too different from 1 Hz mG−1, unless the predicted densities at which 36 GHz and 44 GHz methanol masers are excited are drastically incorrect. Similarities between the detected fields in 36 GHz and 44 GHz Class I masers, and 6.7 GHz Class II masers, support the claim that these masers may be tracing the large-scale magnetic field or that the magnetic field remains the same during different evolutionary stages of the star formation process, provided such similarities are not just due to the assumption of a uniform nominal value for z, or result simply from selection effects due to orientation and/or the shock process. Given the exciting possibilities, a larger statistical sample of measurements in both the 36 GHz and 44 GHz lines is certainly needed.
Polarization of the Recombination Line Maser in MWC349
Authors: Thum C. , Morris D. , Wiesemeyer H. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractWe present observations of the circular polarization of the recombination line maser in MWC 349. Six good quality Ha30α spectra were obtained during 2010 – 2011 which show that the Zeeman features are complex, time variable, and usually different for the blue- and red-shifted maser spikes. We propose that the magnetic field, located in the corona of the circumstellar disk, has toroidal and radial components. It is plausibly generated in a disk dynamo.
High resolution magnetic field measurements in high-mass star-forming regions using masers
Authors: Surcis Gabriele , Vlemmings Wouter H. T. , van Langevelde Huib J. , Kramer Busaba Hutawarakorn 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe bright and narrow spectral line emission of masers is ideal for measuring the Zeeman-splitting as well as for determining the orientation of magnetic fields in 3-dimensions around massive protostars. Recently, polarization observations at milliarcsecond resolution of 6.7-GHz CH3OH masers have uniquely been able to resolve the morphology of magnetic fields close to massive protostars. The observations reveal that the magnetic fields are along outflows and/or on the surfaces of circumstellar tori. Here we present three different examples selected from a total number of 7 massive star-forming regions that were investigated at 6.7-GHz with the EVN in the last years.
The magnetic field of IRAS 16293-2422 as traced by shock-induced H2O masers
Authors: Alves Felipe O. , Vlemmings Wouter H. T. , Girart Josep M. , Torrelles José M. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractH2O masers are important magnetic field tracers in very high density gas. We show one of the first magnetic field determinations at such high density in a low-mass protostar: IRAS 16293-2422. We used the Very Large Array (VLA) to carry out spectro-polarimetric observations of the 22 GHz Zeeman emission of H2O masers. A blend of at least three maser features can be inferred from our data. They are excited in zones of compressed gas produced by shocks between the outflows ejected by this source and the ambient gas. The post-shock particle density is in the range 1 - 3 × 109 cmt−3, and the line-of-sight component of the magnetic field is estimated as ~ 113 mG. The outflow dynamics is likely magnetically dominated.
Observational tests of SiO maser polarisation models
Authors: Richter L. L. , Kemball A. J. , Jonas J. L. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractSiO masers are often observed in the near-circumstellar envelope of late-type evolved stars. The polarisation of the masers can be used as a probe of the magnetic field in this region, subject to maser polarisation radiative transfer model. Two main maser polarisation models have been developed for the weak Zeeman splitting case applicable to circumstellar SiO masers. Observational tests aimed at discriminating between these models were performed at maser component level, using VLBA observations of v=1 J=1-0, v=2 J=1-0 and v=1 J=2-1 SiO masers towards the high-luminosity source VY CMa.
Variability of Class II methanol masers in massive star forming regions
Authors: Goedhart Sharmila , Gaylard Mike , van der Walt Johan 
Published: July 2012

AbstractClass II methanol masers are known to be tracers of an early phase of massive star formation. The 6.7- and 12.2-GHz methanol maser transitions can show a significant amount of variability, including periodic variations. Studying maser variability can lead to important insights into conditions in the maser environment but first the maser time-series need to be characterised. The results of long-term monitoring of 8 regularly-varying sources will be presented and methods of period-search discussed.
Binary systems: implications for outflows & periodicities relevant to masers
Authors: Singh Nishant K. , Deshpande Avinash A. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBipolar molecular outflows have been observed and studied extensively in the past, but some recent observations of periodic variations in maser intensity pose new challenges. Even quasi-periodic maser flares have been observed and reported in the literature. Motivated by these data, we have tried to study situations in binary systems with specific attention to the two observed features, i.e., the bipolar flows and the variabilities in the maser intensity. We have studied the evolution of spherically symmetric wind from one of the bodies in the binary system, in the plane of the binary. Our approach includes the analytical study of rotating flows with numerical computation of streamlines of fluid particles using PLUTO code. We present the results of our findings assuming simple configurations, and discuss the implications.
Chasing the flare in Orion KL: Observations of the 22 GHz H2O Masers at HartRAO
Authors: Otto Sunelle , Gaylard Michael J. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe work here represents the summary of observations made with the Hartebeesthoek Radio Astronomy Observatory (HartRAO) 26 m telescope of the water vapour (H2O) Masers in the Orion KL source region for a period of 8 months during the flare of 2011. The observation setup, calibration method together with the resulting maser time series are discussed.
Masers in GLIMPSE Extended Green Objects (EGOs)
Authors: Cyganowski Claudia J. , Brogan Crystal L. , Hunter Todd R. , Churchwell Ed , Koda Jin , Rosolowsky Erik , Towers Sarah , Whitney Barb , Zhang Qizhou 
Published: July 2012

AbstractLarge-scale Spitzer surveys of the Galactic plane have yielded a new diagnostic for massive young stellar objects (MYSOs) that are actively accreting and driving outflows: extended emission in the IRAC 4.5 μm band, believed to trace shocked molecular gas. Maser studies of these extended 4.5 μm sources (called EGOs, Extended Green Objects, for the common coding of 3-color IRAC images) have been and remain crucial for understanding the nature of EGOs. High detection rates in VLA CH3OH maser surveys provided the first proof that EGOs were indeed MYSOs driving outflows; our recent Nobeyama 45-m survey of northern EGOs shows that the majority are associated with H2O masers. Maser studies of EGOs also provide important constraints for the longstanding goal of a maser evolutionary sequence for MYSOs, particularly in combination with high resolution (sub)mm data. New SMA results show that Class I methanol masers can be excited by both young (hot core) and evolved (ultracompact HII region) sources within the same massive star-forming region.
44 GHz Methanol Maser Surveys
Authors: Kurtz S. E. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractClass I 44 GHz methanol masers are not as well-known, as common, or as bright as their more famous Class II cousins at 6.7 and 12.2 GHz. Nevertheless, the 44 GHz masers are commonly found in high-mass star forming regions. At times they appear to trace dynamically important phenomena; at other times they show no obvious link to the star formation process. Here, we summarize the major observational efforts to date, including both dedicated surveys and collateral observations. The principal results are presented, some that were expected, and others that were unexpected.
Dynamical detection of a magnetocentrifugal wind driven by a 20 M⊙ YSO
Authors: Greenhill L. J. , Goddi C. , Chandler C. J. , Humphreys E. M. L. , Matthews L. D. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractWe have tracked the proper motions of ground-state λ7mm SiO maser emission excited by radio Source I in the Orion BN/KL region. Based on dynamical arguments, Source I is believed to be a hard 20 M⊙ binary. The SiO masers trace a linear bipolar outflow (NE-SW) 100 to 1000 AU from the binary. The median 3D velocity is 18 km s−1. An overlying distribution of 1.3 cm H2O masers betrays similar characteristics. The outflow is aligned with the rotation axis of an edge-on disk and wide angle flow known inside 100 AU. Gas dynamics and emission morphology traced by masers around Source I provide dynamical evidence of a magnetocentrifugal disk-wind around this massive YSO, notably a measured gradient in line-of-sight velocity perpendicular to the flow axis, in the same direction as the disk rotation and with comparable speed. The linearity of the flow, despite the high proper motion of Source I and the proximity of dense gas associated with the Orion Hot Core, is also more readily explained for a magnetized flow. The extended arcs of ground-state maser emission bracketing Source I are a striking feature, in particular since dust formation occurs at smaller radii. We propose that the arcs mark two C-type shocks at the transition radius to super-Alfvénic flow.
The W51 Main/South SFR complex seen through 6-GHz OH and methanol masers
Authors: Etoka Sandra , Gray Malcolm D. , Fuller Gary A. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractW51 Main/South is one of the brightest and richest high-mass star-forming regions (SFR) in the complex W51. It is known to host many ultra-compact HII (UCHII) regions thought to be the site of massive young stellar objects. Maser emission from various species is also found in the region. We have performed MERLIN astrometric observations of excited-OH maser emission at 6.035 GHz and Class II methanol maser emission at 6.668 GHz towards W51 to investigate the relationship between the maser emission and the compact continuum sources in this SFR complex. Here we present the astrometric distributions of both 6.668-GHz methanol and 6.035-GHz excited-OH maser emission in the W51 Main/South region. The location of maser emission in the two lines is compared with that of previously published OH groundstate emission. The interesting coherent velocity and spatial structure observed in the methanol maser distribution as well as the relationship of the masers to infall or outflow in the region are discussed. It appears that the masers are excited by multiple objects potentially at different stages of evolution.
Infrared characteristics of sources associated with OH, H2O, SiO and CH3OH masers
Authors: Esimbek Jarken , Zhou Jian Jun. , Wu Gang. , Tang Xin Di. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractWe collect all published OH, H2O, SiO and CH3OH masers in the literature. The associated infrared sources of these four masers were identified with MSX PSC catalogues. We look for common infrared properties among the sources associated with four masers and make a statistical study. The MSX sources associated with stellar OH, stellar H2O and SiO masers concentrated in a small regions and the MSX sources associated with interstellar OH, interstellar H2O and CH3OH masers also concentrated in a small regions in an [A]-[D].vs.[A][-[E] diagram. These results give us new criterion to search for coexisting stellar maser samples for OH, H2O and SiO masers and interstellar maser samples for OH, H2O and CH3OH masers.
Massive star-formation toward G28.87+0.07
Authors: Li J. J. , Moscadelli L. , Cesaroni R. , Furuya R. S. , Xu Y. , Usuda T. , Menten K. M. , Pestalozzi M. , Eliav D. , Schisano E. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractWe investigated the high-mass star-forming region G28.87+0.07 by means of maser kinematics, including H2O, CH3OH, and OH, and radio to infrared, continuum observations. All observational evidence suggests that these masers are associated with the same young star of 20-30 M⊙, still in the main accretion phase and surrounded by a rich stellar cluster.