bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unveiling the causal link between metabolic factors and ovarian cancer risk using Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Han Li , Xu Shuling , Zhou Dongqi , Chen Rumeng , Ding Yining , Zhang Mengling , Bao Meihua , He Binsheng , Li Sen 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundMetabolic abnormalities are closely tied to the development of ovarian cancer (OC), yet the relationship between anthropometric indicators as risk indicators for metabolic abnormalities and OC lacks consistency.MethodThe Mendelian randomization (MR) approach is a widely used methodology for determining causal relationships. Our study employed summary statistics from the genome-wide association studies (GWAS), and we used inverse variance weighting (IVW) together with MR-Egger and weighted median (WM) supplementary analyses to assess causal relationships between exposure and outcome. Furthermore, additional sensitivity studies, such as leave-one-out analyses and MR-PRESSO were used to assess the stability of the associations.ResultThe IVW findings demonstrated a causal associations between 10 metabolic factors and an increased risk of OC. Including “Basal metabolic rate” (OR= 1.24, P= 6.86×10-4); “Body fat percentage” (OR= 1.22, P= 8.20×10-3); “Hip circumference” (OR= 1.20, P= 5.92×10-4); “Trunk fat mass” (OR= 1.15, P= 1.03×10-2); “Trunk fat percentage” (OR= 1.25, P= 8.55×10-4); “Waist circumference” (OR= 1.23, P= 3.28×10-3); “Weight” (OR= 1.21, P= 9.82×10-4); “Whole body fat mass” (OR= 1.21, P= 4.90×10-4); “Whole body fat-free mass” (OR= 1.19, P= 4.11×10-3) and “Whole body water mass” (OR= 1.21, P= 1.85×10-3).ConclusionSeveral metabolic markers linked to altered fat accumulation and distribution are significantly associated with an increased risk of OC.
A series resistance extraction method for health evaluation of photovoltaic modules
Authors: Wang Shinong , Wu Hongwei , Ge Yuan , Liu Shilin , Ahmed Amer Ragab 
Published: June 2024

Photovoltaic (PV) modules must be monitored and evaluated in real-time during long-term operations to maintain a high performance, and series resistance is a critical component of this process. However, existing series resistance extraction methods may have either low accuracy or a very complex solution process. Worth mentioning, the size of this series resistance depends on environmental conditions, and the extraction results under different environments cannot be mutually referenced and compared. In this study, an analytical method for series resistance was derived, and a correction method for I–V curves that differs from the IEC 60891 standard was proposed, based on the derivative of the I–V characteristic curve of PV modules. The proposed analytical method was compared with three other methods for PV modules with three varied materials, and the influence of the ideality factor on parameter accuracy was also assessed. The obtained results showed that the proposed method can achieve high accuracy through an analytical expression. In addition, the I–V curves of a PV module operating for more than 6 years were corrected to fit the expected environmental conditions via the proposed correction method. Upon the calculated average value of the series resistance, the results indicated that the PV module has slightly aged, which verifies the effectiveness of the recommended method.
Assessment of in-situ tidal marsh erodibility under high flow velocities
Authors: van den Berg M. , Rikkert S. J. H. , Aarninkhof S. G. J. , Labeur R. J. 
Published: June 2024

Coastal flood risk is expected to increase due to climate change and population growth. Much of our coastlines is protected by “grey” infrastructure such as a dike. Dike maintenance and strengthening requires ever increasing capital and space, putting their economic viability in question. To combat this trend, more sustainable alternatives are explored, also known as Nature based Solutions. A promising option has shown to be tidal marshes. Tidal marshes are coastal wetlands with high ecological and economic value. Also, they protect dikes through wave attenuation and in case of a dike breach reduce its development. However, the effectiveness of a tidal marsh on reducing dike breach development rates highly depends on the stability of the tidal marsh itself. Not much is known about the stability of a tidal marsh under dike breach conditions, which are accompanied with flow velocities that can reach 4–5 m s−1. In this study we tested the vegetation response and erodibility of a mature tidal marsh,in-situ, under high flow velocities (>0.5 m s−1). Our results confirm that tidal marshes similar to the one tested in this study are highly erosion resistant with low erodibility. More research is necessary to confirm this for tidal marshes with different soil and vegetation properties. For tidal marshes similar to what is tested thus far, erosion under dike breach conditions is negligible and other erosion mechanisms such as headcut erosion probably dominate the erosion process.
Longitudinal changes in DNA methylation during the onset of islet autoimmunity differentiate between reversion versus progression of islet autoimmunity
Authors: Carry Patrick M. , Vanderlinden Lauren A. , Johnson Randi K. , Buckner Teresa , Steck Andrea K. , Kechris Katerina , Yang Ivana V. , Fingerlin Tasha E. , Fiehn Oliver , Rewers Marian , Norris Jill M. 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundType 1 diabetes (T1D) is preceded by a heterogenous pre-clinical phase, islet autoimmunity (IA). We aimed to identify pre vs. post-IA seroconversion (SV) changes in DNAm that differed across three IA progression phenotypes, those who lose autoantibodies (reverters), progress to clinical T1D (progressors), or maintain autoantibody levels (maintainers).MethodsThis epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) included longitudinal DNAm measurements in blood (Illumina 450K and EPIC) from participants in Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young (DAISY) who developed IA, one or more islet autoantibodies on at least two consecutive visits. We compared reverters - individuals who sero-reverted, negative for all autoantibodies on at least two consecutive visits and did not develop T1D (n=41); maintainers - continued to test positive for autoantibodies but did not develop T1D (n=60); progressors - developed clinical T1D (n=42). DNAm data were measured before (pre-SV visit) and after IA (post-SV visit). Linear mixed models were used to test for differences in pre- vs post-SV changes in DNAm across the three groups. Linear mixed models were also used to test for group differences in average DNAm. Cell proportions, age, and sex were adjusted for in all models. Median follow-up across all participants was 15.5 yrs. (interquartile range (IQR): 10.8-18.7).ResultsThe median age at the pre-SV visit was 2.2 yrs. (IQR: 0.8-5.3) in progressors, compared to 6.0 yrs. (IQR: 1.3-8.4) in reverters, and 5.7 yrs. (IQR: 1.4-9.7) in maintainers. Median time between the visits was similar in reverters 1.4 yrs. (IQR: 1-1.9), maintainers 1.3 yrs. (IQR: 1.0-2.0), and progressors 1.8 yrs. (IQR: 1.0-2.0). Changes in DNAm, pre- vs post-SV, differed across the groups at one site (cg16066195) and 11 regions. Average DNAm (mean of pre- and post-SV) differed across 22 regions.ConclusionDifferentially changing DNAm regions were located in genomic areas related to beta cell function, immune cell differentiation, and immune cell function.
Clinician and administrator perspectives on outpatient administration of ciltacabtagene autoleucel in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma
Authors: Hansen Doris K. , Dhakal Binod , Hamadani Mehdi , Dingli David , Jain Tania , Huff Carol Ann , Janakiram Murali , Liu Yi-Hsuan , De Braganca Kevin C. , Lodowski Nicole , Sander Jennifer , Okorozo Peter , McFarland Lindsay , Perciavalle Matthew , Huo Stephen , Qureshi Zaina P. , Patel Krina K. 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionChimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy (CAR T therapy) is a treatment option for patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma that has led to unprecedented treatment outcomes. Among CAR T therapies available, ciltacabtagene autoleucel (cilta-cel) is a good candidate for outpatient administration due to its generally predictable safety profile. There are multiple advantages of outpatient administration of cilta-cel, including reduced healthcare burden, expanded access, and patient autonomy. This mixed methods qualitative study aimed to identify key factors for outpatient administration of CAR T and best practice recommendations by combining a targeted literature review with expert interviews and panels.MethodsThe targeted review (Phase 1) aimed to identify factors for outpatient CAR T administration in the US and determine key topics for the exploratory interviews (Phase 2) and expert panels (Phase 3), which aimed to inform on best practices and challenges of outpatient CAR T administration (focusing on cilta-cel). Participants in clinical and administrative positions based in treatment centers that had experience with real-world outpatient administration of cilta-cel were recruited.ResultsSeventeen studies were identified in Phase 1. Key factors for outpatient administration included the development of protocols for CAR T complications, education for caregivers, outpatient specialists, hospital staff, and emergency services staff for identification and referral after possible adverse events, the creation of multidisciplinary teams for effective communication and management, straightforward patient intake processes encompassing financial eligibility review and provision of patient education materials, and close patient monitoring throughout the treatment journey. In Phase 2, 5 participants from 2 centers were interviewed. In Phase 3, 14 participants across 6 treatment centers were interviewed. Two 90-minute virtual panel discussions took place. All participants agreed that cilta-cel can be safely and effectively administered in an outpatient setting. Key recommendations included the creation of educational resources for patients and caregivers, the development of standard operating procedures, dedicated outpatient infrastructure and establishment of interdisciplinary teams, outpatient monitoring for toxicity management, and monitoring of the reimbursement landscape.DiscussionThis study offers a comprehensive understanding of the feasibility of outpatient cilta-cel administration in participating CAR T centers and provides actionable recommendations while acknowledging existing challenges.
Efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine (Omicron BA.5) LVRNA012: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial
Authors: Zhou Huan , Zheng Hui , Peng Yucai , Su Yue , Yu Xuya , Wang Weixiao , Li Simin , Ding Yuzhou , Jiao Shiping , Wang Ying , Zhu Xingyu , Luo Liping , Dong Ziyong , Liu Lu , Zhang Fan , Wu Qiang , Li Jingxin , Zhu Fengcai 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundWe aimed to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of a SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine (Omicron BA.5) LVRNA012 given as the booster in immunized but SARS-CoV-2 infection-free adults in China.MethodsThis is a single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 clinical trial enrolling healthy adult participants (≥18 years) who had completed two or three doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccines at least 6 months before, in Bengbu, Anhui province, China. Eligible participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive a booster intramuscular vaccination with an LVRNA012 vaccine (100ug) or placebo. The primary endpoint was the protective efficacy of a booster dose of the LVRNA012 vaccine or placebo against symptomatic COVID-19 of any severity 14 days after vaccination. Laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 infections were identified from 14 days to 180 days after intervention, with active surveillance for symptomatic illness 8 times per month between 7 to 90 days and at least once per month between 90 to 180 days after intervention.Results2615 participants were recruited and randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either the vaccine group (1308) or the placebo group (1307). A total of 141 individuals (46 in the LVRNA012 group and 95 in the placebo group) developed symptomatic COVID-19 infection 14 days after the booster immunization, showing a vaccine efficacy of 51.9% (95% CI, 31.3% to 66.4%). Most infections were detected 90 days after intervention during a period when XBB was prevalent in the community. Adverse reactions were reported by 64% of participants after the LVRNA012 vaccination, but most of them were mild or moderate. The booster vaccination with the LVRNA012 mRNA vaccine could significantly enhance neutralizing antibody titers against the Omicron variant XBB.1.5 (GMT 132.3 [99.8, 175.4]) than did those in the placebo group (GMT 12.5 [8.4, 18.7]) at day 14 for the previously immunized individuals.ConclusionThe LVRNA012 mRNA vaccine is immunogenic, and shows robust efficacy in preventing COVID-19 during the omicron-predominate period.Clinical trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT05745545.
Case report: eosinophilic myocarditis in hypereosinophilic syndrome: a journey to heart transplantation
Authors: Sharma Shriya , Desai Smruti , Leoni Juan , Paghdar Smit , Ruiz Jose , Goswami Rohan 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionHypereosinophilic Syndrome (HES) is a rare disorder characterized by persistent elevation of eosinophils, leading to multi-organ infiltration and damage. Eosinophilic Myocarditis (EM) is one of its severe complications contributing significantly to morbidity and mortality. Herein, we describe the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of EM, emphasizing the significance of early recognition and multidisciplinary management.Case presentationA 51-year-old female with a history of EM, heart failure, and peripheral eosinophilia presented with NYHA class 3b symptoms. Laboratory findings revealed elevated peripheral eosinophil count, NT-Pro BNP, and characteristic electrocardiogram abnormalities. Imaging studies confirmed biventricular thrombi and myocardial abnormalities consistent with EM. Treatment involved Solu-Medrol for HES and heparin for ventricular thrombi, leading to initial clinical improvement. However, refractory heart failure necessitated urgent heart transplantation.DiscussionEM, an under-recognized complication of HES, poses diagnostic and management challenges. Management includes standard heart failure treatments, steroids, and emerging therapies like Mepolizumab. Early diagnosis and aggressive management are pivotal for improving outcomes in this rare and potentially fatal condition.ConclusionAdvancements in the detection of complications, surgical management, and therapeutic options have improved outcomes in HES. Ongoing research is essential to further understand and address the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of HES and EM.
Knowledge and attitude toward geriatric nursing care and associated factors among nurses working at hospitals in Hawassa City, Ethiopia, 2022
Authors: Abera Workineh , Daba Alemneh Kabeta , Gebre Bereket Beyene , Ashagere Mathewos , Yeheyis Tomas , Addisu Dereje , Amlaku Tsegahun , Tadesse Fikru , Samuel Tinbete 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundGlobally, the fastest growth in the number of older people combined with chronic and age-related medical conditions experienced by the older adult placed great demand on geriatric care. Thus, nurses are required to be knowledgeable and have a desirable attitude toward geriatric nursing care. Therefore, this study aimed to assess knowledge and attitude toward geriatric nursing care and associated factors among nurses working at hospitals in Hawassa City, Ethiopia.MethodsHospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from June 30 to July 30, 2022, among 365 nurses. The hospitals and study participants were selected by using purposive and simple random sampling methods, respectively. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires. Descriptive statistics were computed to generate descriptive results. Binary and multivariable logistic regressions were used to identify predictors at p-value &lt;0.05.ResultsAbout 39.2% of nurses had good knowledge and 49.3% of the nurses showed a positive attitude toward geriatric nursing care. Nurses with BSc degree or above [AOR 2.5, 95% CI, (1.2–5.6)], having lived with older people [AOR 2.2, 95% CI, (1.4–3.6)], nurses with 6–10 years [AOR, 2.8, 95% CI, (1.4–5.57)] and &gt;10 years of work experience [AOR 4.2, 95% CI, (1.6–10.8)] were more likely to have knowledge about geriatric nursing care. Having BSc degree or above [AOR 2.7, 95% C.I, (1.2–6)], 6–10 years [AOR 3, 95% CI, (1.48–6.3)], and &gt;10 years [AOR 3.9, 95% CI, (1.4–10.99)] of work experience, living experience with older people [AOR 1.7, 95% C.I:1.05–2.7], knowledge about geriatric care [AOR 3, 95% CI,(1.85–4.92)], and having worked at adequate space [AOR 1.7, 95% CI: 1.009–2.8] increased odds of good attitude toward geriatric nursing care.ConclusionLess than half of nurses demonstrated good knowledge and positive attitude toward geriatric nursing care. Higher level of education, higher work experience, living with older people were significantly associated with knowledge and attitude toward geriatric nursing care. Additionally, working in an adequate space and having knowledge about geriatric care positively influenced attitude toward geriatric nursing care. Therefore, nursing schools and hospitals should conduct training and consider incorporating more content about geriatric care into nursing education to enhance nurses’ knowledge and attitude.
Biosynthesis of β-nicotinamide mononucleotide from glucose via a new pathway in Bacillus subtilis
Authors: Tan Zhilei , Yang Yihang , Wu Yannan , Yan Jiajia , Zhang Bin , Hou Ying , Jia Shiru 
Published: June 2024

Introductionβ-nicotinamide mononucleotide (β-NMN) is an essential precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and plays a key role in supplying NAD+ and maintaining its levels. Existing methods for NMN production have some limitations, including low substrate availability, complex synthetic routes, and low synthetic efficiency, which result in low titers and high costs.MethodsWe constructed high-titer, genetically engineered strains that produce NMN through a new pathway. Bacillus subtilis WB600 was used as a safe chassis strain. Multiple strains overexpressing NadE, PncB, and PnuC in various combinations were constructed, and NMN titers of different strains were compared via shake-flask culture.ResultsThe results revealed that the strain B. subtilis PncB1-PnuC exhibited the highest total and extracellular NMN titers. Subsequently, the engineered strains were cultured in a 5-L fermenter using batch and fed-batch fermentation. B. subtilis PncB1-PnuC achieved an NMN titer of 3,398 mg/L via fed-batch fermentation and glucose supplementation, which was 30.72% higher than that achieved via batch fermentation.DiscussionThis study provides a safe and economical approach for producing NMN on an industrial scale.
Correlation between hearing loss and mild cognitive impairment in the elderly population: Mendelian randomization and cross-sectional study
Authors: Xu Tong , Zong Tao , Liu Jing , Zhang Le , Ge Hai , Yang Rong , Liu Zongtao 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundHearing loss and tinnitus have been linked to mild cognitive impairment (MCI); however, the evidence is constrained by ethical and temporal constraints, and few prospective studies have definitively established causation. This study aims to utilize Mendelian randomization (MR) and cross-sectional studies to validate and analyze this association.MethodsThis study employs a two-step approach. Initially, the genetic data of the European population from the Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) database is utilized to establish the causal relationship between hearing loss and cognitive impairment through Mendelian randomization using the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method. This is achieved by identifying strongly correlated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), eliminating linkage disequilibrium, and excluding weak instrumental variables. In the second step, 363 elderly individuals from 10 communities in Qingdao, China are assessed and examined using methods questionnaire survey and pure tone audiology (PTA). Logistic regression and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the risk factors of MCI in the elderly and to calculate the cutoff values.ResultsMendelian randomization studies have shown that hearing loss is a risk factor for MCI in European populations, with a risk ratio of hearing loss to MCI loss of 1. 23. The findings of this cross-sectional study indicate that age, tinnitus, and hearing loss emerged as significant risk factors for MCI in univariate logistic regression analysis. Furthermore, multivariate logistic regression analysis identified hearing loss and tinnitus as potential risk factors for MCI. Consistent results were observed in multiple linear regression analysis, revealing that hearing loss and age significantly influenced the development of MCI. Additionally, a notable finding was that the likelihood of MCI occurrence increased by 9% when the hearing threshold exceeded 20 decibels.ConclusionThis study provides evidence from genomic and epidemiological investigations indicating that hearing loss may serve as a risk factor for cognitive impairment. While our epidemiological study has found both hearing loss and tinnitus as potential risk factors for cognitive decline, additional research is required to establish a causal relationship, particularly given that tinnitus can manifest as a symptom of various underlying medical conditions.
A more objective PD diagnostic model: integrating texture feature markers of cerebellar gray matter and white matter through machine learning
Authors: Chen Yini , Qi Yiwei , Li Tianbai , Lin Andong , Ni Yang , Pu Renwang , Sun Bo 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to explore whether machine learning can be used to establish an effective model for the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) by using texture features extracted from cerebellar gray matter and white matter, so as to identify subtle changes that cannot be observed by the naked eye.MethodThis study involved a data collection period from June 2010 to March 2023, including 374 subjects from two cohorts. The Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) served as the training set, with control group and PD patients (HC: 102 and PD: 102) from 24 global sites. Our institution's data was utilized as the test set (HC: 91 and PD: 79). Machine learning was employed to establish multiple models for PD diagnosis based on texture features of the cerebellum's gray and white matter. Results underwent evaluation through 5-fold cross-validation analysis, calculating the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for each model. The performance of each model was compared using the Delong test, and the interpretability of the optimized model was further augmented by employing Shapley additive explanations (SHAP).ResultsThe AUCs for all pipelines in the validation dataset were compared using FeAture Explorer (FAE) software. Among the models established by Kruskal-Wallis (KW) and logistic regression via Lasso (LRLasso), the AUC was highest using the “one-standard error” rule. 'WM_original_glrlm_GrayLevelNonUniformity' was considered the most stable and predictive feature.ConclusionThe texture features of cerebellar gray matter and white matter combined with machine learning may have potential value in the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease, in which the heterogeneity of white matter may be a more valuable imaging marker.