bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the occurrence ofMesophyllum expansum(Philippi) CabiochetMendoza (Melobesioideae, Corallinales, Rhodophyta) in the Mediterranean Sea, the Canary Isles and the Azores
Authors: Athanasiadis Athanasios , Neto Ana I. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractWe reviewed literature records, examined herbarium specimens and studied new collections referred to asMesophyllum lichenoidesfrom the Mediterranean and the North Atlantic, and report for the first time the presence ofMesophyllum expansumin the Canaries and the Azores. Both gametophytes and tetrasporophytes ofM. expansumoccur in the Canaries, while we found only tetrasporophytes (and sterile thalli) of the species in all other regions. We further consider the presence ofM. lichenoidesfurther south than Atlantic France in need of confirmation. A comparative study between these two species points to the number of rosette cells as the most reliable and easily diagnosed character,M. expansummost often having 9–11 andM. lichenoides6–8 cells.
Introgression of Drosophila simulans Nuclear Pore Protein 160 in Drosophila melanogaster Alone Does Not Cause Inviability but Does Cause Female Sterility
Authors: Sawamura Kyoichi , Maehara Kazunori , Mashino Shotaro , Kagesawa Tatsuo , Kajiwara Miyuki , Matsuno Kenji , Takahashi Aya , Takano-Shimizu Toshiyuki 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
We have been analyzing genes for reproductive isolation by replacing Drosophila melanogaster genes with homologs from Drosophila simulans by interspecific backcrossing. Among the introgressions established, we found that a segment of the left arm of chromosome 2, Int(2L)S, carried recessive genes for hybrid sterility and inviability. That nuclear pore protein 160 (Nup160) in the introgression region is involved in hybrid inviability, as suggested by others, was confirmed by the present analysis. Male hybrids carrying an X chromosome of D. melanogaster were not rescued by the Lethal hybrid rescue (Lhr) mutation when the D. simulans Nup160 allele was made homozygous or hemizygous. Furthermore, we uniquely found that Nup160 is also responsible for hybrid sterility. Females were sterile when D. simulans Nup160 was made homozygous or hemizygous in the D. melanogaster genetic background. Genetic analyses indicated that the D. simulans Nup160 introgression into D. melanogaster was sufficient to cause female sterility but that other autosomal genes of D. simulans were also necessary to cause lethality. The involvement of Nup160 in hybrid inviability and female sterility was confirmed by transgene experiment.
Prosthetic Rehabilitation of Edentulous Ridges Following Alveolar Distraction Osteogenesis: Clinical Report of Three Cases
Authors: Ergun Gulfem , Nagas Isil Cekic , Yilmaz Dervis , Ozturk Mustafa 
Published: July 2010

Patients with complete edentulism who have insufficient bone for endosseous dental implant treatment present a challenge for dental practitioners. Distraction osteogenesis of the edentulous alveolar ridges is a process for augmentation of atrophic alveolar bone before dental implant placement. This clinical report describes the use of distraction osteogenesis and rehabilitation of patients with a fixed or removable implant-supported prosthesis to treat mandibular defects. Two female patients with segmental alveolar atrophy at the posterior regions of mandible and one female patient with defect at the anterior region of mandible were treated using distraction devices. However, lingual tipping of the distraction vector occurred during the distraction phase in patient 1. The morphology of the alveolar bone was also analyzed in relation to the planned implant position. After a consolidation period of 12 weeks on average, radiologic observation suggested that there was sufficient bone formation for implant installation. In all patients, implant-supported fixed or removable prosthetic oral rehabilitation was successfully performed, and the clinical and radiologic findings were satisfactory. After 4 years of follow-up, no functional or esthetic difficulties with the implants and restorations were noted. These case reports suggest that although alveolar distraction osteogenesis seems to be an effective technique for augmenting atrophic alveolar bone for creating bone and soft tissue, complications may occur after surgical procedures.
Anterior Segmental Distraction for a Class III Maxillary Prosthetic Defect in a Cleft Palate Patient
Authors: Van Sickels Joseph E , Abadi Behruz , Attisha Reed 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Reconstruction of a partially dentate skeletal Class III patient who has had repair of a bilateral cleft lip and palate can be challenging. In this article we present our results with a segmental maxillary distraction to esthetically restore the support of the upper lip and functionally reconstruct the anterior maxillary dentition with implants. Prosthetic considerations were critical to determine the vector of distraction to achieve ideal results.
Alternative Bone Expansion Technique for Implant Placement in Atrophic Edentulous Maxilla and Mandible
Authors: Demetriades Neophytos , Park Jong il , Laskarides Constantinos 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis clinical review is an evaluation of the effectiveness of the split ridge bone augmentation technique performed in the atrophic maxilla and mandible with buccolingual bony defects. The osseointegration success of implant placement in the area of split ridge bone augmentation is assessed and compared to implant success rates indicated in the literature. This evaluation includes 15 patients who were treated with alveolar split ridge bone augmentation at Tufts University School of Dental Medicine. During initial consultation, all patients were diagnosed with a buccolingual bone dimension of 3–5 mm on the edentulous alveolar crest. This bony buccolingual dimension was inadequate for placement of implants of desirable width and correct angulation as dictated by the prosthetic requirements. Crestal split augmentation technique involved a surgical osteotomy that was followed by alveolar crest split and augmentation after buccolingual bony plate expansion, prior to implantation. Implants were placed either immediately or 3 weeks after the initial augmentation. No fixation was used to stabilize the buccal bony cortex after the completion of the augmentation. All patients were placed on periodic follow-ups for a 24-month period postoperatively. Implant success was determined with the use of Buser's Criteria. In total, 33 implants were placed in 15 patients. The overall success rate of osseointegration of the endosseous implants placed in the area of split ridge bone augmentation was found to be 97%. One patient presented with facial bone resorption and implant mobility 4 months after the surgery. The implant was removed and the area was reconstructed with autogenous bone graft and later implanted with an endosseous implant. Our results indicate that the split crest bone augmentation technique is a valid reconstructive procedure that can be used to augment the buccolingual alveolar defect prior to implant placement providing good bone foundation for placement of implants with desirable width in favorable angulation. In comparison to traditional bone grafts techniques, crestal split ridge bone augmentation enables placement of dental implants immediately or 3 weeks after augmentation and eradicates the possible morbidity of the donor sites.
Analyzing the Effects of the Platform-Switching Procedure on Stresses in the Bone and Implant-Abutment Complex by 3-Dimensional Fem Analysis
Authors: Çimen Haydar , Yengin Esengün 
Published: July 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 2 different abutment types on the stress distribution in peri-implant bone and within the implant-abutment complex using 3-dimensional finite element analysis. A simple cylindrical implant (4 × 11 mm) was used in this study for efficacy calculation. One model simulated a 4.00-mm-diameter abutment connection, and the other was narrower, using a 3.2-mm-diameter abutment connection assuming a platform-switching configuration. The stress level in the cervical bone area at the implant was greatly reduced when the narrow-diameter abutment was connected compared with the regular-sized one, despite the fact that the stress level in the implant-abutment complex was increased. The results obtained in the platform-switching model can contribute to reduce the stress level at the implant-bone interface area. Results from this study showed the platform-switching procedure has the biomechanical advantage of shifting the stress concentration area away from the cervical bone-implant interface. The disadvantage of the configuration is the increasing stress in the abutment and implant-abutment junction.
The Efficacy of Mylohyoid Nerve Anesthesia in Dental Implant Placement at the Edentulous Posterior Mandibular Ridge
Authors: Altug Hasan Ayberk , Sencimen Metin , Varol Altan , Kocabiyik Necdet , Dogan Necdet , Gulses Aydın 
Published: July 2010

The aim of this study is to evaluate the anesthetic efficacy of mylohyoid and buccal nerve anesthesia at the posterior edentulous mandible versus regional anesthetic block to the inferior alveolar nerve in dental implant surgery. The study was composed of 2 groups. In the first group (group A), 14 voluntary adults (7 female and 7 male) received local infiltrations of 1 mL articaine HCl 4% with epinephrine 1/200 000 to the ipsilateral mylohyoid and buccal nerves. In the second group (group B, control; 9 female and 5 male adults), the inferior alveolar and the buccal nerve blocks were performed. Visual analog scales were obtained from patients to determine the level of pain during incision, drilling, implant placement, and suturing stages of implant surgery. A combination of buccal and mylohyoid nerve block offered an acceptable level of anesthesia. Two patients from group A stopped the ongoing surgery and had extraregional anesthesia by inferior alveolar nerve block. In group B, patients were operated on successfully. Local anesthetic infiltrations of the mylohyoid and the buccal nerve may be considered alternative methods of providing a convenient anesthetic state of the posterior mandibular ridge.
Conditional Survival Among Cancer Patients in the United States
Authors: Merrill Ray M. , Hunter Bradley D. 
Published: July 2010

Abstract

Purpose.
To report 5-year relative cancer survival probabilities conditional on having already survived ≥1 years after the initial diagnosis for 11 cancer sites, diagnosed during 1990–2001 and followed through 2006.

Methods.
Analyses are based on 1,151,496 cancer cases in population-based cancer registries in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program of the National Cancer Institute.

Results.
The 5-year relative conditional survival probability tended to improve with each year already survived. Improvement was greatest for more lethal cancers (e.g., lung or pancreas) and for cases with a more advanced stage at diagnosis. The 5-year relative survival probability conditional on already having survived 5 years exceeded 90% for locally staged prostate cancer, melanoma (whites only), breast cancer (females only), corpus uteri cancer, urinary bladder cancer, Hodgkin's lymphoma, rectal cancer, colon cancer, ovary cancer, and pancreatic cancer. Only lung cancer did not reach 90%. For these cancer sites combined, 5-year relative survival probability conditional on already having survived 5 years averaged about 85% for regionally staged disease, 68% for distant staged disease, and 87% for unknown staged disease. The 5-year relative conditional survival probability tended to be significantly lower among patients diagnosed at older ages, among males, among nonwhites, and among those diagnosed during 1990–1995 compared with later years.

Conclusion.
Conditional survival probability estimation provides further useful prognostic information to cancer patients, tailored to the time already survived since diagnosis.
General stabilizing effects of plant diversity on grassland productivity through population asynchrony and overyielding
Authors: Hector A. , Hautier Y. , Saner P. , Wacker L. , Bagchi R. , Joshi J. , Scherer-Lorenzen M. , Spehn E. M. , Bazeley-White E. , Weilenmann M. , Caldeira M. C. , Dimitrakopoulos P. G. , Finn J. A. , Huss-Danell K. , Jumpponen A. , Mulder C. P. H. , Palmborg C. , Pereira J. S. , Siamantziouras A. S. D. , Terry A. C. , Troumbis A. Y. , Schmid B. , Loreau M. 
Published: July 2010

Insurance effects of biodiversity can stabilize the functioning of multispecies ecosystems against environmental variability when differential species' responses lead to asynchronous population dynamics. When responses are not perfectly positively correlated, declines in some populations are compensated by increases in others, smoothing variability in ecosystem productivity. This variance reduction effect of biodiversity is analogous to the risk‐spreading benefits of diverse investment portfolios in financial markets.We use data from the BIODEPTH network of grassland biodiversity experiments to perform a general test for stabilizing effects of plant diversity on the temporal variability of individual species, functional groups, and aggregate communities. We tested three potential mechanisms: reduction of temporal variability through population asynchrony; enhancement of long‐term average performance through positive selection effects; and increases in the temporal mean due to overyielding.Our results support a stabilizing effect of diversity on the temporal variability of grassland aboveground annual net primary production through two mechanisms. Two‐species communities with greater population asynchrony were more stable in their average production over time due to compensatory fluctuations. Overyielding also stabilized productivity by increasing levels of average biomass production relative to temporal variability. However, there was no evidence for a performance‐enhancing effect on the temporal mean through positive selection effects. In combination with previous work, our results suggest that stabilizing effects of diversity on community productivity through population asynchrony and overyielding appear to be general in grassland ecosystems.
Effect of Nitration of Organic Materials on Nitrogen Availability and Yield of Tomato in Soilless Culture
Authors: Kaniszewski Stanisław , Dyśko Jacek , Kowalczyk Waldemar , Wojtysiak Jan , Wrocławski Zbigniew , Dziedziczak Katarzyna 
Published: July 2010

Effect of Nitration of Organic Materials on Nitrogen Availability and Yield of Tomato in Soilless Culture
In the cultivation of horticultural plants in greenhouses the most commonly used substrate is rockwool, while organic substrates are used in an unprocessed state. Cultivation in organic substrates, after they have been suitably processed, also makes it possible to obtain high yields at levels similar to those in rockwool cultures. Fibrous organic substrates, due to the wide C:N ratio, are characterized by high biological sorption towards nitrogen, causing N deficiency during the initial period of plant growth. In 2007-2009, a study was conducted, the aim of which was to determine the effect of nitration of fibrous organic substrates (sawdust, rye straw, flax shives) with nitric acid on nitrogen availability and the yields produced by tomato plants. The process of nitration of the organic substrates was carried out with the use of 10% HNO3. The appropriate pH of the substrates after the process of nitration was obtained by washing the substrates with water. As a result of nitration the levels of nitrogen fixed in lignin compounds and simpler polysaccharides increased to about 2%. Nitration of the organic substrates increased nitrogen availability to plants in the first five weeks of culture. Subsequently, the N-NO3 content in the nutrient solution collected from the nitrated substrates was at the same level as for the nonnitrated substrates. The yields produced by tomato plants depended on both the nature of the substrate and whether or not it had been nitrated with nitric acid. The most useful organic substrate for soilless culture, retaining good structure during the growing period, was the substrate of sawdust. The substrate of straw was found to undergo quick biodegradation, therefore its usefulness for soilless culture was low. The highest yield of tomato was obtained from the cultures on rockwool and on the nitrated sawdust substrate; the lowest yield was produced on the straw substrate.
The Effect of Foliar Nutrition with Urea, Molybdenum, Sucrose and Benzyladenine on Yield and Some Organic Compounds of Carrot Storage Roots
Authors: Smoleń Sylwester , Sady Włodzimierz 
Published: July 2010

The Effect of Foliar Nutrition with Urea, Molybdenum, Sucrose and Benzyladenine on Yield and Some Organic Compounds of Carrot Storage Roots
The Kazan F1 carrot was cultivated in years 2004-2005 in open-work containers sized 60×40×20 cm filled in with silt loam and located on the open field under shade providing fabric. The following combinations of experiments were arranged: (1) control - without foliar nutrition, and foliar nutrition with: (2) urea, (3) solution of urea+Mo, (4) urea+Mo+BA (benzyladenine BA), (5) urea+Mo+BA+sucrose, (6) BA in the concentration of 5 mg·dm-3 and (7) BA in the concentration of 10 mg·dm-3. In combinations 2-5 the following concentrations of components in solutions were applied: urea and sucrose each in 20 g·dm-3, molybdenum 1 mg·dm-3, benzyladenine 5 mg·dm-3. Foliar nutrition was applied three times. In both years of study the greatest mass of storage roots and whole plant (haulm + root) was determined after spraying with benzyladenine in 5 mg·dm-3 concentration. Plants with urea+Mo+BA+sucrose foliar nutrition were characterized by a comparable mass of roots and whole plant but only in 2005. In both years of study plants treated with urea only had the lowest root mass and the highest content of phenolic compounds and the lowest (in 2004 and the means from 2004-2005) content of soluble sugars in roots. Foliar nutrition with urea+Mo+BA+sucrose and spraying with benzyladenine exclusively in both applied concentrations caused a significant increase in the content of sugars (in 2004 and the means from 2004-2005) as well as carotenoids (except for combination no. 7 - in 2005 and the means from 2004-2005) in storage roots.
Influence of Auxin Bioregulators on Physiological Changes and Shelf-Life of Tomatoes
Authors: Olaiya Charles 
Published: July 2010

Influence of Auxin Bioregulators on Physiological Changes and Shelf-Life of Tomatoes
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicon) is one of the most popular and extensively consumed vegetable crops worldwide. Their highly perishable nature poses great limitation to their marketability over long distances. We have earlier demonstrated that the 100 mg·L-1 concentration of the bioregulators Indoleacetic acid (IAA), indole butyric acid (IBA) and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) is suitable for tomato growth under field conditions. We have also reported the effects of these bioregulators on tomato fruit yield and postharvest quality. In this study, the shelf - life and associated physiological changes of fruits of five bioregulator - treated tomato genotypes in practical conditions of storage time and temperature were investigated. Seeds of the tomato genotypes namely NHLy 11, NHLy 12, NHLy 13, NHLy 15 and NHLy 16 were subjected to treatments with 100 mg·L-1 concentrations of the bioregulators IAA, IBA, NAA and distilled water (control) before planting. The fruits were harvested at the orange - red ripe stage. Sensory and visual fruit changes were determined and deterioration level measured during storage trials for up to ten days in order to evaluate their quality. The results revealed that the bioregulator - treated tomato genotypes generally exhibited better storage features than those of controls, with the NAA - treated NHLy 12 genotype having the highest storability index of 6.00 after ten days of storage. The present findings show that treating tomatoes with bioregulators, especially the ones used in this work improves their storage at ambient conditions.
Unusual development of sandur sedimentary succession, an example from the Pleistocene of S Poland
Authors: Salamon Tomasz , Zieliński Tomasz 
Published: July 2010

Unusual development of sandur sedimentary succession, an example from the Pleistocene of S PolandAn atypical lithological development of outwash deposits in the Carpathians Foreland (S Poland) shows lower and middle parts of the sedimentary succession that are characterized by sinuous palaeochannels. This channel facies consists of laterally accreted sands derived from side bars. The sedimentary environment was a proglacial system of anabranching channels, presumably of anastomosed type. The outwash channel pattern was most probably controlled by the raising base level of the fluvial system. Both proglacial and extraglacial waters were dammed by a sandur within a small upland valley. Aggradation and progradation of the glaciofluvial deposits resulted in progressive rising of the dammed lake level. The low hydraulic gradient of the outwash streams resulted in a sinuous planform as well as a low-energy style of deposition. Afterwards, the rising lake water was drained off through a low watershed and the entire valley became filled with outwash sediments. The bedrock morphology thus became buried and a typical unconfined sandur with a braided channel network developed during the last phase of the glaciomarginal sedimentation (upper part of the sedimentary succession under study).
A Comparison of Physical Characteristics and Swing Mechanics Between Golfers With and Without a History of Low Back Pain
Authors: Tsai Yung-Shen , Sell Timothy C. , Smoliga James M. , Myers Joseph B. , Learman Kenneth E. , Lephart Scott M. 
Published: July 2010

Study Design Controlled laboratory study using a cross-sectional design. Objectives To examine the kinematics and kinetics of the trunk and the physical characteristics of trunk and hip in golfers with and without a history of low back pain (LBP). Background Modified swing patterns and general exercises have been suggested for golfers with back pain. Yet we do not know what contributes to LBP in golfers. To create and validate a low back-specific exercise program to help prevent and improve back injuries in golfers, it may be valuable to understand the differences in biomechanical and physical characteristics of golfers with and without a history of LBP. Methods Sixteen male golfers with a history of LBP were matched by age and handicap with 16 male golfers without a history of LBP. All golfers underwent a biomechanical swing analysis, trunk and hip strength and flexibility assessment, spinal proprioception testing, and postural stability testing. Results The group with a history of LBP demonstrated significantly less trunk extension strength at 60°/s and left hip adduction strength, as well as limited trunk rotation angle toward the nonlead side. No significant differences were found in postural stability, trunk kinematics, and maximum spinal moments during the golf swing. Conclusion Deficits observed in this study may affect a golfer's ability to overcome the spinal loads generated during the golf swing over time. Exercises for improving these physical deficits can be considered, although the cause-effect of LBP in golfers still cannot be determined. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2010;40(7):430–438. doi:10.2519/jospt.2010.3152