bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alternative Splicing Variant of Kallikrein-Related Peptidase 8 as an Independent Predictor of Unfavorable Prognosis in Lung Cancer
Authors: Planque Chris , Choi Yun-Hee , Guyetant Serge , Heuzé-Vourc'h Nathalie , Briollais Laurent , Courty Yves 
Published: April 2010

AbstractBackground: A relatively unexplored area for biomarker identification is alternative splice variants. We undertook this study to evaluate the usefulness of mRNA isoforms encoded by the KLK8 (kallikrein-related peptidase 8) gene as prognostic markers for lung cancer.Methods: Real-time reverse-transcription PCR was used to analyze the mRNAs encoded by KLK8 (particularly 2 mRNA splice variants, KLK8-T3 and KLK8-T4) in 60 non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumors and in paired unaffected tissues. The ratios of these mRNAs to those encoded by the KLK5, KLK6, KLK7, KLK10, KLK11, KLK13, and KLK14 genes were also determined and analyzed for correlations with various clinicopathologic variables.Results: KLK8-T3 and KLK8-T4 were the most abundant of the 6 mRNA isoforms identified in lung tissues. The overall expression of the KLK8 gene and the amounts of the KLK8-T3 and KLK8-T4 mRNAs were significantly increased in lung tumor tissue (P &lt; 0.0001). Univariate survival analysis revealed significant relationships of the relative concentrations of mRNA splice variants KLK8 (P = 0.043), KLK8-T3 (P = 0.037), and KLK8-T4 (P = 0.009) with overall survival (OS). Cox multivariate analysis indicated that the amount of KLK8-T4 mRNA was an independent prognostic factor for OS (relative risk = 3.90; P = 0.016) and that high KLK8-T4/KLK7, KLK8-T4/KLK10, and KLK8-T4/KLK11 mRNA ratios in NSCLC indicated increased risk of death. The increase was approximately 5-fold for the KLK8-T4/KLK7 and KLK8-T4/KLK10 ratios (P = 0.006, and P = 0.011, respectively) and 8-fold for the KLK8-T4/KLK11 ratio (P = 0.001).Conclusions: The KLK8-T4 alternative splice variant, alone or in combination, may be a new independent marker of unfavorable prognosis in lung cancer.
Using Limited Purchase Specification Tests to Perform Full Linear Viscoelastic Characterization of Asphalt Binder
Authors: Underwood B. Shane , Far Maryam Sadat Sakhaei , Kim Y. Richard 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
The linear viscoelastic dynamic modulus, |E∗|, has become the primary material property of interest for asphalt concrete mixtures. The shift towards linear viscoelastic characterization of asphalt concrete is due in large part to national efforts to develop new fundamentally based pavement design tools and techniques. Within the pavement community, there is a substantial interest in using predictive models to estimate | E∗| because key structural design decisions are based on its value. Moreover, for many projects, these critical decisions must be made even before the materials are selected. In response to the need for predictive capability, numerous equations have been developed, but most require knowing the asphalt binder shear modulus, |G∗|. This property is currently measured as part of the purchase specification process, but it is not measured at enough temperatures and frequencies to be directly useful with these predictive models. Instead, agencies that want to use the predictive equations must complete additional testing that may require several days to complete and requires the purchase of more sophisticated equipment. It is the purpose of this paper to show ways that the specification data can be processed to provide nearly the same information as a more complete testing suite. This effort is possible because although the specification data are sparse, they still cover the range of conditions that need to be assessed. Additional surrogate models are needed to fully apply the proposed methodology, and the development and verification of these models are presented as well. The ability of the limited data calibration process to match characterization from more complete testing is demonstrated. Finally, it is shown that observed differences between the complete and limited calibration processes are reduced when applying two |E∗| predictive models.
Determination Method for Nitromethane in Workplace Air
Authors: Takeuchi Akito , Nishimura Yasuki , Kaifuku Yuichiro , Imanaka Tsutoshi , Natsumeda Shuichiro , Ota Hirokazu , Yamada Shu , Kurotani Ichiro , Sumino Kimiaki , Kanno Seiichiro 
Published: April 2010

Determination Method for Nitromethane in Workplace Air: Akito Takeuchi, et al. Osaka Occupational Health Service Center, Japan Industrial Safety and Health AssociationObjectivesThe purpose of this research was to develop a determination method for nitromethane (NM) in workplace air for risk assessment.MethodsA suitable sampler and appropriate desorption condition were selected by a recovery test in which a spiked sampler was used. The characteristics of the proposed method, such as recovery, detection limit, and reproducibility, and the storage stability of the sample were examined.ResultsA sampling tube containing bead‐shaped activated carbon was chosen as the sampler. NM in the sampler was desorbed with acetone and analyzed by a gas chromatograph equipped with a flame ionization detector. The recoveries of NM from the spiked sampler were 81–97% and 80–98% for personal exposure monitoring and working environment measurement, respectively. On the first day of storage in a refrigerator, the recovery from the spiked samplers exceeded 90%; however, it decreased dramatically with increasing storage time. In particular, the decrease was more remarkable for the smaller spiked amounts. The overall LOQ was 2 µg/sample. The relative standard deviation, which represents the overall reproducibility, was 1.1–4.0%.ConclusionsThe proposed method enables 4‐hour personal exposure monitoring of NM at concentrations equaling 0.001–2 times the threshold limit value‐time‐weighted average (TLV‐TWA: 20 ppm) proposed by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, as well as 10‐minute working environment measurement at concentrations equaling 0.02–2 times TLV‐TWA. Thus, the proposed method will be useful for estimating worker exposure to NM.
Root Coverage in an HIV‐Positive Individual: Combined Use of a Lateral Sliding Flap and Resin‐Modified Glass Ionomer for the Management of an Isolated Severe Recession Defect
Authors: Kolhatkar Shilpa , Haque Shaziya A. , Winkler James R. , Bhola Monish 
Published: April 2010

Background:Gingival recession is a frequent clinical finding in the general population. Exposed root surfaces are more likely to develop root sensitivity and root caries and pose esthetic concerns for the patient. Most root coverage procedures have been described on non‐restored root surfaces. Limited data are available that describe root coverage procedures on restored root surfaces. To our knowledge, this is the first case report in which a severe recession defect and its associated carious lesion were managed using the combination of a lateral sliding flap and a resin‐modified glass ionomer restoration in an HIV‐positive individual.Methods:A 53‐year‐old male patient with a 25‐year history of HIV infection presented for comprehensive care. The facial surface of tooth #22 had a fractured composite restoration, recurrent decay, and a Miller Class III recession defect. The lesion was restored with resin‐modified glass ionomer and root coverage was obtained by a lateral sliding flap mobilized from the adjacent edentulous ridge. After 8 weeks, surgical access was used to correct a previously undetected void in the restoration.Results:Uneventful healing was observed at the 1‐, 4‐, 8‐, 10‐, 12‐, and 24‐week postoperative visits. Root coverage of 5 mm along with a 2‐mm band of keratinized tissue was obtained at 24 weeks. The gingiva displayed no signs of inflammation and was tightly adapted to the root surface with minimal probing depths circumferentially.Conclusion:Successful root coverage was obtained on a resin‐modified glass ionomer‐restored surface in an HIV‐positive individual.
Intrauterine tobacco exposure may alter auditory brainstem responses in newborns
Authors: PECK JENNIFER DAVID , NEAS BARBARA , ROBLEDO CANDACE , SAFFER EVA , BEEBE LAURA , WILD ROBERT A 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThis study of tobacco exposure and auditory processes was conducted in a predominantly low‐income population of 40 pregnant women and their newborns. Urinary cotinine concentrations and self‐reported smoking status were obtained from the mother during the first prenatal care visit. Auditory brainstem‐evoked responses (ABRs) were recorded in neonates to assess neuroelectrical activity of the auditory nerve following a sound stimulus. Infants of mothers with the highest cotinine concentrations (> 1,000 ng/ml) responded at a rate that was four times greater (hazard ratio 4.1, 95% confidence interval 1.4–11.5) than infants of non‐smoking mothers (cotinine ≤ 15 ng/ml). Associations with more moderate cotinine concentrations (> 15–1,000 ng/ml) were not observed. Enhanced ABRs may disrupt auditory processes related to speech perception, negatively affecting reading and language development during childhood. The results suggest that tobacco exposure during pregnancy may impair auditory function.
Developing a smoke free household initiative: an Indonesian case study
Authors: NICHTER MIMI , NICHTER MARK , PADMAWATI RETNA SIWI , NG NAWI 
Published: April 2010

AbstractLittle research has focused on women's exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) in LMICs, local perceptions of SHS risk to women and children, and women's attempts to limit exposure to tobacco smoke in their households. This paper describes a community based survey in Indonesia that investigated these issues as one step in a movement to initiate community wide household smoking bans. The survey found high levels of exposure to SHS, high levels of awareness among both women and men that SHS placed women and children at risk for illness, a very low percentage of households having indoor smoking rules, great interest on the part of women to participate in a communitywide ban, and a promising level of male smoker agreement to comply with such a ban. Women expressed a low sense of self efficacy in individually getting their husbands to quit smoking in their homes, but a strong sense of collective efficacy that husbands might agree to a well‐publicized and agreed‐upon community household smoking ban. Men and women expressed concern about the social risk of asking guests not to smoke in their homes without a communitywide ban and visible displays communicating their participation in this movement. The smoke free initiative described requires the participation of doctors in community education programs, and is attempting to introduce household smoking bans as a way of turning tobacco control into a family health and not just a smokers' health issue.
The effect of nicotine on the production of soluble fms‐like tyrosine kinase‐1 and soluble endoglin in human umbilical vein endothelial cells and trophoblasts
Authors: KWON JA‐YOUNG , BAI SANG‐WOOK , KWON YOUNG‐GUEN , KIM SE‐HOON , KIM CHUL HOON , KANG MOUNG HWA , LINTON JOHN A. , PARK YONG‐WON 
Published: April 2010

AbstractObjectives. To evaluate the effect of nicotine on the production of soluble fms‐like tyrosine kinase‐1 (sFlt‐1) and soluble endoglin (sEng) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and trophoblast cells, and to assess the involvement of alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAChR) in this process. Methods. Commercially available full‐term placental trophoblasts and HUVECs derived from the umbilical cord of a normal pregnancy were used. The expression of α7 nAChR was assessed by immunostaining, RT‐PCR, and western blotting. The expression of sFlt‐1 and sEng protein in the cell media after 6 and 24 hours of treatment with nicotine was evaluated using a commercially available ELISA. To determine the involvement of α7 nAChR in the nicotinic effect, cells were treated with the α7 nAChR antagonist α‐bungarotoxin (α‐BGT) prior to the nicotine exposure. Levels of significance were determined using the Student's t‐test and one‐way ANOVA, and a p‐value < 0.05 was considered significant. Main outcome measures. The levels of sFlt‐1 and sEng protein were evaluated before and after the nicotine treatment with or without α‐BGT pre‐treatment. Results. In trophoblast cells, a significant reduction of sFlt‐1 and sEng protein was observed after 24 hours of nicotine treatment as compared to the untreated group (p = 0.002, 0.000). In HUVECs, nicotine only had a suppressive effect on the expression of sEng at 6 hours (p = 0.03); there was no effect on sFlt‐1 expression. However, pre‐treatment with α‐BGT did not reverse the nicotine‐induced suppressive effect on the expression of sFlt‐1 and sEng in trophoblasts and HUVECs. Conclusions. Nicotine reduced the production of sFlt‐1 and sEng in trophoblasts and sEng in HUVECs. This effect was not mediated by α7 nAChR.
Higher risk of stillbirth among lower and middle income women who do not use tobacco, but live with smokers
Authors: SUBRAMONEY SREEVIDYA , TURSAN D'ESPAIGNET EDOUARD , CHANDRA GUPTA PRAKASH 
Published: April 2010

AbstractObjective.To investigate pregnancy outcomes among women living with smokers.Design.Data were from a cohort study of 1,217 women recruited during 3–7th month of pregnancy and 96% followed‐up after delivery. The main objective was to investigate effects of smokeless tobacco on pregnancy outcomes.Setting.Lower and middle‐class neighborhoods in Mumbai, India. Community health volunteers who had good rapport with the local population collaborated with the study personnel to help locate and interact with potential participants.Population.Singleton births from non‐tobacco users;n= 924/903/802 for stillbirth/gestational age/birthweight analysis. Non‐smoking women who lived with smokers (28%) were categorized as ‘exposed’ to second hand smoke (SHS).Methods.House‐to‐house surveys with questionnaire administration and medical records abstraction by trained personnel at recruitment and follow‐up.Outcome measures.Stillbirth (no evidence of life at birth after at least 20 weeks of gestation), low birthweight (≤ 2,499 g) and preterm birth (≤ 258 days of gestation).Results.Rates of low birthweight and preterm birth were not significantly different between exposed and non‐exposed. Hazard ratio for stillbirth in SHS exposed women (n= 261) was 2.2 (95% confidence interval 1.1–4.4). Survival times differed significantly between exposed and non‐exposed,p= 0.012. Exposed and non‐exposed groups differed significantly by education, socioeconomic status, parity and access of antenatal care. After adjustment for these potential confounders in Cox proportional hazards models (gestational age in days as timescale), hazard ratios for stillbirth in the exposed group remained unchanged: 2.1 (1.1–4.3).Conclusions.Pregnant women living with smokers in their household have a significantly higher risk of stillbirth, independent of differences in socio‐demographic characteristics and antenatal care.
A Practical Guide to Setting up a Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) Service
Authors: Galletly Cherrie , Fitzgerald Paul , Clarke Patrick , Gill Shane , Burton Cassandra , Turnbull Carol 
Published: April 2010

Objective: This paper outlines the process of developing a transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) service in a private hospital setting, to provide a model for similar services elsewhere in Australia and New Zealand.Methods: The practical issues involved in setting up the service, including funding, staffing, equipment, treatment protocols and associated research, are described.Results: The service has been widely accepted by psychiatrists and patients. Forty-five patients have completed treatment and the research results show a significant clinical response to rTMS.Conclusions: Clinicians involved in the service have found both the clinical and research components rewarding. In the longer term, the issue of ongoing funding of rTMS services remains to be resolved.
Evaluation of Arachis Species for Resistance to Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus
Authors: Lyerly J. H. , Stalker H. T. , Moyer J. W. , Hoffman K. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is an important plant pathogen with a wide host range, including the domesticated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). After initial outbreaks on peanut during the 1980s, the virus has spread to all peanut-producing states in the U.S. TSWV is transmitted by several species of thrips which are difficult to control with insecticides; therefore, control of TSWV most likely will come from selecting resistant genotypes in breeding programs. Although moderate levels of resistance have been discovered in A. hypogaea, complete virus resistance has not been found. Several Arachis species have desirable genes for plant resistances and tolerate many disease and insect pests better than the cultivated species. The objectives of this study were to (a) evaluate TSWV disease incidence and severity in accessions of Arachis species, and (b) compare levels of TSWV resistance in diploid species to selected A. hypogaea genotypes. In this study, 46 diploid Arachis spp. accessions were evaluated in the greenhouse by artificial inoculation tests for resistance to TSWV. Nine Arachis accessions were observed with no disease symptoms when TSWV isolate 10 was used as opposed to A. hypogaea lines that ranged from moderately to highly susceptible. Additional testing with more virulent isolates identified A. diogoi accession GKP 10602 and A. correntina accession GKP 9530 as highly resistant to the virus. These two accessions are being used as parents in crossing programs to incorporate TSWV resistance genes into A. hypogaea.
The Effect of in-furrow Applications of Acibenzolar-S-Methyl on Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus and Thrips in Peanut
Authors: Wells M. L. , Culbreath A. K. , Todd J. W. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) (family: Bunyaviridae) is a continuing threat to several crops in the Southeastern U.S. Acibenzolar-S-methyl is a plant immune-response activator which has been shown to suppress TSWV in tobacco. The following treatments were evaluated for TSWV and thrips suppression: untreated, phorate in-furrow, acibenzolar-S-methyl applied in-furrow, acibenzolar-S-methyl in-furrow + foliar, and acibenzolar-S-methyl in-furrow + phorate in-furrow. Although in-furrow applications of acibenzolar-S-methyl alone and in combination with phorate led to numerical reductions of TSWV during each year of the study, differences were significant only during 1997. Foliar applications of acibenzolar-S-methyl did not provide enough disease suppression during 1997 to warrant additional sprays. However, Acibenzolar-S-methyl also may reduce populations of thrips larvae and suppresses feeding damageby thrips up to 30 d after planting. Acibenzolar-S-methyl applied in-furrow was comparable with in-furrow applications of phorate in its effect on TSWV of peanut; however, acibenzolar-S-methyl does not provide enough benefit alone to justify its use in peanut management at this time.
Weed Control with Combinations of Selected Fungicides and Herbicides Applied Postmergence to Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Authors: Jordan David L. , Culpepper A. Stanley , Grichar W. James , Ducar J. Tredaway , Brecke Barry J. , York Alan C. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Experiments were conducted from 1997 through 2001 in Georgia, Florida, North Carolina, and Texas to evaluate compatibility of selected postemergence herbicides and fungicides applied in tank mixtures. Control of broadleaf signalgrass [Brachiaria platyphylla (Griseb.) Nash], goosegrass [Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn.], large crabgrass [Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.], and Texas panicum (Panicum texanum Buckl.) by clethodim applied in tank mixtures with copper-based fungicides, fungicides containing chlorothalonil, azoxystrobin, and iprodione was reduced in 80, 69, 60, and 46% of comparisons, respectively, when compared to clethodim alone. Fluazinam, tebuconazole, and propiconazole did not reduce efficacy of clethodim. Efficacy was reduced more by fungicides when clethodim was applied in 230 L/ha spray volume compared with 94 L/ha. Efficacy of acifluorfen, bentazon, imazethapyr, and 2,4-DB applied with fungicides was also compared. Smooth pigweed (Amaranthus hybridus L.) control by 2,4-DB was reduced in at least two of three experiments when applied with chlorothalonil, copper-based fungicides, tebuconazole, azoxystrobin, and fluazinam. Iprodione did not affect efficacy of 2,4-DB. Control of smooth pigweed by imazethapyr was reduced when applied in combination with copper-based fungicides but not when applied with chlorothalonil, propiconazole, tebuconazole, fluazinam, propiconazole plus flutolanil, or propiconazole plus trifloxystrobin. Smooth pigweed control by acifluorfen was reduced in one of three experiments when applied with tebuconazole. Efficacy of acifluorfen was not affected by chlorothalonil, azoxystrobin, propiconazole, or fluazinam. Yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus L.) control by bentazon was reduced by propiconazole plus chlorothalonil, propiconazole plus flutolanil, and copper-based fungicides. With the exception of fluazinam and chlorothalonil applied with 2,4-DB in one experiment, fungicides did not affect peanut injury following application of acifluorfen, clethodim, imazethapyr, or 2,4-DB.
Tolerance of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) to Herbicides Applied Postemergence
Authors: Jordan David L. , Spears Janet F. , Wilcut John W. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Experiments were conducted from 1999 through 2001 in North Carolina to determine peanut response under weed-free conditions to applications of postemergence herbicides. In one set of experiments, peanut tolerance to acifluorfen plus bentazon or acifluorfen plus bentazon plus 2,4-DB applied alone or with diclosulam, dimethenamid, flumioxazin, or metolachlor 6 to 8 wk after peanut emergence was evaluated. In a second set of experiments, paraquat plus bentazon was applied alone or with diclosulam, dimethenamid, flumioxazin, imazethapyr, or metolachlor 2 wk after peanut emergence. In a third set of experiments, imazapic was applied alone or with diclosulam or flumioxazin 3 to 4 wk after peanut emergence. In the fourth experiment, 2,4-DB was applied approximately 7, 5, or 3 wk before digging and inversion of vines. Flumioxazin applied alone or with aciflurofen plus bentazon (with or without 2,4-DB) injured peanut more than diclosulam, dimethenamid, or metolachlor applied alone or with acifluorfen plus bentazon or aciflurofen plus bentazon plus 2,4-DB. Flumioxazin reduced pod yield 620 kg/ha when compared to non-treated peanut. Additionally, acifluorfen plus bentazon and acifluorfen plus bentazon plus 2,4-DB reduced yield by 200 and 150 kg/ha, respectively, when compared with non-treated peanut. Flumioxazin applied with paraquat plus bentazon was more injurious than diclosulam, dimethenamid, imazethapyr, or metolachlor applied with paraquat plus bentazon. There was no difference in peanut injury when paraquat plus bentazon was applied alone or with diclosulam. Dimethenamid or metolachlor increased injury by paraquat plus bentazon. Although diclosulam did not affect peanut injury from imazapic, injury increased when imazapic was applied with flumioxazin. When pooled over nine sites, 2,4-DB did not adversely affect pod yield, gross economic value, or percent seed germination when applied 7, 5, or 3 wk before vine inversion.