bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum-dependent transcriptional networks identify distinct functional roles for H-Ras and N-Ras during initial stages of the cell cycle
Authors: Castellano Esther , Guerrero Carmen , Núñez Alejandro , De Las Rivas Javier , Santos Eugenio 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
Background
Using oligonucleotide microarrays, we compared transcriptional profiles corresponding to the initial cell cycle stages of mouse fibroblasts lacking the small GTPases H-Ras and/or N-Ras with those of matching, wild-type controls.

Results
Serum-starved wild-type and knockout ras fibroblasts had very similar transcriptional profiles, indicating that H-Ras and N-Ras do not significantly control transcriptional responses to serum deprivation stress. In contrast, genomic disruption of H-ras or N-ras, individually or in combination, determined specific differential gene expression profiles in response to post-starvation stimulation with serum for 1 hour (G0/G1 transition) or 8 hours (mid-G1 progression). The absence of N-Ras caused significantly higher changes than the absence of H-Ras in the wave of transcriptional activation linked to G0/G1 transition. In contrast, the absence of H-Ras affected the profile of the transcriptional wave detected during G1 progression more strongly than did the absence of N-Ras. H-Ras was predominantly functionally associated with growth and proliferation, whereas N-Ras had a closer link to the regulation of development, the cell cycle, immunomodulation and apoptosis. Mechanistic analysis indicated that extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-dependent activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (Stat1) mediates the regulatory effect of N-Ras on defense and immunity, whereas the pro-apoptotic effects of N-Ras are mediated through ERK and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling.

Conclusions
Our observations confirm the notion of an absolute requirement for different peaks of Ras activity during the initial stages of the cell cycle and document the functional specificity of H-Ras and N-Ras during those processes.
Folate Receptor Mediated Targeted Delivery of Porphyrin Photosensitizer
Authors: Li Donghong , Wang Dong , Diao Junlin , Liu Jianchang 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
A folate–porphyrin conjugate 1 has been synthesized and characterized. The cellular uptake of conjugate 1 by Hela cells was about 35 times higher than that of precursor porphyrin 3 after 24 h of incubation and can be inhibited competitively by free folic acid. Moreover, conjugate 1 exhibited much lower dark cytotoxicity against Hela cells in vitro but significant photocytotoxicity with 86.4% cell growth inhibition ratio after irradiation.
H2 Production over Ni/γ-Al2O3 Catalyst Prepared by a Homogeneous Precipitation Method Using Urea for Direct Internal Reforming (DIR) in a Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell (MCFC)
Authors: Roh Hyun-Seog , Jung Youshick , Koo Kee Young , Jung Un Ho , Seo Yong-Seog , Yoon Wang Lai 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
Ni/γ-Al2O3 catalysts (Ni content = 52 wt %) have been designed by a homogeneous precipitation method using urea as a precipitation agent for direct internal reforming in a molten carbonate fuel cell. Concentrations of precursor and urea have been systematically varied to develop highly active and KOH-resistant catalyst. Compared with the commercial catalyst, the developed catalyst exhibits strong stability against KOH as well as very high activity.
A Novel Tridentate-N,N,S Iminothiolate Ligand That Leads to the Formation of S-Bridged Dinickel(II) and Tetracobalt(III) Structures
Authors: Igashira-Kamiyama Asako , Saito Masayuki , Konno Takumi 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
Treatment of dicyandiamide, 2-aminoethanethiol hydrochloride, and NiCl2·6H2O in water gave an S-bridged dinickel(II) complex, [Ni2(L)2]Cl2 ([1]Cl2), which contains novel tridentate-N,N,S iminothiolate ligands with a biguanide moiety (L−). Another S-bridged complex containing L−, [Co{Co(L)2}3]6+ ([2]Cl6), which has the first example of a hexol S-bridged structure, was obtained by the stepwise reaction of [1]Cl2 with Na4edta and CoCl2·6H2O in water.
Earning and Conversion Handicaps and the Welfare Economics of Disability
Authors: Connelly Luke B. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractSen (2004) has distinguished between two types of handicap that are commonly associated with disabilities, viz. an ‘earning handicap’ and a ‘conversion handicap’. In this article, these concepts are considered, extended, and developed conceptually within the framework of a Grossman-type model. This model is then used to consider how the welfare implications of disability and the attendant handicaps may be conceived. A utilitarian framework of the kind associated with conventional welfare economics is invoked, but extra-welfarist-type policies are also discussed. The article shows how the concepts of disability and handicap may be given a tractable conceptual economic basis, and how the welfare effects of social policies towards people with disabilities can usefully be analysed within the resulting framework.
Baltimore '68: Riots and Rebirth—The History Tellers
Authors: Lynne Kimberley 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
Kimberley Lynne wrote and directed a play entitled One Particular Saturday, a compilation of witness accounts of the Baltimore '68 riots. Her article describes the process of creating this theatrical production and its impact on the community. Tracking her experience from reading the witness transcriptions to organizing post-show discussions, Lynne describes the process of responding to neighborhood concerns through the medium of a restorative play. Theater began as a religion, and it still wields a cathartic power that can change people's opinions and make history current. Theater also proves a useful teaching device; the play was included twice as part of curricula that teach history and conflict management.
Clinical Evaluation of a Nanofilled Fissure Sealant Placed with Different Adhesive Systems: 24-month Results
Authors: Yazici A. R. , Karaman E. , Baseren M. , Tuncer D. , Yazici E. , Ünlüer S. 
Published: November 2009

Clinical Relevance
The use of an etch-and-rinse adhesive prior to the placement of sealants yielded better retention than did the use of a self-etch adhesive.
Clinical Evaluation of a Two-step Etch&Rinse and a Two-step Self-etch Adhesive System in Class II Restorations: Two-year Results
Authors: Ermis R. B. , Kam O. , Celik E. U. , Temel U. B. 
Published: November 2009

Clinical Relevance
The two-step etch&rinse and the two-step self-etch adhesive systems tested in this study demonstrated similar clinical performance in Class II cavities after two years.
Effect of Double-application of Three Single-step Self-etch Adhesives on Dentin Bonding and Mechanical Properties of Resin-dentin Area
Authors: Wei S. , Shimada Y. , Sadr A. , Tagami J. 
Published: November 2009

Clinical Relevance
Double-application enhanced the hardness of bonding layer and resin-dentin interface for all the adhesives used; however, it only improved the bond strength to dentin for some of the single-step self-etch adhesives.
Two-year Water Degradation of Self-etching Adhesives Bonded to Bur Ground Enamel
Authors: Abdalla A. I. , Feilzer A. J. 
Published: November 2009

Clinical Relevance
All the adhesives tested showed no difference in bond strength after 24-hours of water storage. After two years of water storage, the bonds produced by some self-etch adhesives were significantly reduced.
The Influence of Plastic Light Cure Sheaths on the Hardness of Resin Composite
Authors: Pollington S. , Kahakachchi N. , van Noort R. 
Published: November 2009

Clinical Relevance
Disposable sheaths are now recommended as a method of cross infection control when light curing resin composite. However, these sheaths may affect the depth of cure of the resin composite, resulting in a compromise of the mechanical properties of the restorative material.
Effect of 10% Sodium Ascorbate and 10% α-tocopherol in Different Formulations on the Shear Bond Strength of Enamel and Dentin Submitted to a Home-use Bleaching Treatment
Authors: Sasaki R. T. , Flório F. M. , Basting R. T. 
Published: November 2009

Clinical Relevance
A significant reduction in bond strength of restorative materials to dentin and enamel after home-use bleaching treatment has been reported. Antioxidizing agents may be a procedure to increase bond strength values. Although no reversal of bond strength values was found for sodium ascorbate, alpha-tocopherol formulated in solution resulted in a significant increase in bond strength of bleached enamel.
Management of Idiopathic Subgingival Amalgam Hypertrophy–The Common Amalgam Overhang
Authors: Chan D. C. N. , Chung A. K-H. 
Published: November 2009

SUMMARY
An amalgam overhang is defined as an extension of amalgam restorative material beyond the confines of a cavity preparation. The pseudo pathology term “idiopathic subgingival amalgam hypertrophy” is used in the title for shock effect and as a scare tactic to catch the attention of our readers. From various studies, it is apparent that such overhangs are alarmingly common. The overhang is largely iatrogenic, caused by poor operator skill exacerbated by unusual dental morphology. Creep may also play a role in the gingival overhang of large amalgam restorations. Maybe we, as clinicians, are becoming complacent and lax in our techniques and matrixing while restoring such a routine restoration. This article revisits the pros and cons of different methods of amalgam overhang management with clinical cases for illustration.
Conservation and Production of Ipecac (Cephaelis ipecacuanha Rich.) Plants from Long Term Shoot Cultures
Authors: Chaudhuri Rituparna Kundu , Jha Timir Baran 
Published: November 2009

In vitro germplasms of ipecac (Cephaelis ipecacuanha Rich.), an important medicinal plant, maintained through reduced growth conditions for more than 12-years, were used as source material for micropropagation. MS with different combinations of Kn (2 mg/l), BAP (2 mg/l), 2iP (2-3 mg/l), NAA (0.2 mg/l) and adenine (40-100 mg/l) as additive was used to induce fresh multiplication of shoots from the nodal meristems and direct shoot bud initiation on the internodal segments. Complete plant regeneration has been achieved from such long term cultures. Regenerated plants maintained their phenotypic and chromosomal stability. Eighty per cent hardened plants, survived in the field condition, are growing well and 25% of them produced flowers within one year. Long term preservation through reduced growth conditions and successful regeneration of morphologically stable plants with stable chromosome numbers (2n = 22) from such long term cultures of ipecae plants. Key words: Long term culture, Ipecac, micropropagation, flowering D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v18i2.3646 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 18(2): 157-164, 2008 (December)
In vitro Regeneration of the Medicinal Plant, Plumbago zeylanica L. with Reference to a Unique Population in Maruthamalai, the Western Ghats, India
Authors: Mallikadevi T. , Senthilkumar P. , Paulsamy S. 
Published: November 2009

The in vitro regeneration of Plubago zeylanica exhibited that the callus was initiated in the basal medium containing BAP, NAA, 2, 4-D, and IBA. The high amount (90%) of organic calli was induced in the basal medium supplemented with 2, 4-D, alone at 2.0 mg/l. In the subculture the adventitious shoot formation was prominently higher (83%) in the basal medium containing BAP, and NAA at 3.5 and 0.3 mg/l, respectively. IAA (1.0 mg/l)effectively produced higher percen-tage (90) of roots and root growth. After sequential hardening, survivability rate was observed to be significantly higher (80%) in the hardening medium containing garden soil, sand and vermicompost in the ratio of 1 : 1 : 1 by volume under greenhouse condition. Key words: Plumbago zeylanica, In vitro regeneration, Medicinal plant D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v18i2.3648 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 18(2): 173-179, 2008 (December)
Phytoplasma diseases and their relationships with insect and plant hosts in Canadian horticultural and field crops
Authors: Olivier Chrystel Y. , Lowery D. Thomas , Stobbs Lorne W. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractPhytoplasmas are bacterial plant pathogens consisting of more than 50 phylogenetic groups that cause devastating diseases in various crops worldwide. They are obligate parasites restricted to the phloem tissue of the host plant and are transmitted from plant to plant mostly by leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). They reproduce within the tissues of their insect vectors and are transferred in the salivary secretions to new host plants during feeding. Phytoplasma epidemiology involves a tritrophic relationship between the pathogen and usually several hosts and vectors. The host-plant range depends on the number of vectors, their feeding habits, and their dispersal pattern. Interactions between phytoplasmas and their vector hosts are complex and influenced by insects' vectoring abilities and the consequences of infection for vectors. In Canada, seven phytoplasma taxa have been detected in various crops. Aster yellows, the primary vector of which is the leafhopperMacrosteles quadrilineatus(Forbes), is the most common and widespread. X-disease, transmitted by at least eight leafhopper species, is economically damaging to all cultivated species ofPrunusL. (Rosaceae). Clover proliferation, also transmitted byM. quadrilineatus, is the causal agent of important diseases such as clover proliferation and alfalfa witches' broom. Ash yellows and pear decline have caused economic problems for several decades, while bois noir, a quarantinable disease in Canada, was detected in Ontario and British Columbia for the first time only recently. Because of their cryptic nature, phytoplasmas are difficult to manage; quarantine measures and insecticide sprays remain the most common control measures. However, integrated pest management techniques using beneficial insects, biotechnology, and plant resistance are emerging.
Ultrastructure of antennal sensilla of female Ceratosolen solmsi marchali (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Agaonidae: Agaoninae)
Authors: Li Zongbo , Yang Pei , Peng Yanqiong , Yang Darong 
Published: November 2009

AbstractFig-pollinating wasps are phytophagous wasps that mainly use olfaction to locate their fig (Ficus L., Moraceae) hosts. To provide a morphological framework for studying agaonid olfaction, we examined the antennal sensilla of female Ceratosolen solmsi marchali Mayr by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. We identified and characterized (ultrastructure, distribution, abundance, and position) 13 types of sensilla: multiporous placoid sensilla (types 1 and 2), basiconic sensilla (types 1 and 2), basiconic capitate peg sensilla, sensilla chaetica (types 1–3), sensilla trichodea, sensilla coeloconica (types 1–3), and one specialized sensillum regarded as a sensillum obscurum. We suggest that five types are chemoreceptors because they are porous and innervated by multiple sensory neurons. Sensilla coeloconica type 1 may also function as chemoreceptors, based on external morphology. Other sensilla may be involved in mechanoreception, thermo- and (or) hygro-reception, or pressure detection. We discuss our results in relation to the lifestyle of C. solmsi marchali.
Plant module size and attack by the goldenrod spindle-gall moth
Authors: Heard Stephen B. , Cox Graham H. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractLarvae of the gall-inducing mothGnorimoschema gallaesolidaginis(Riley) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) attack ramets ofSolidago altissimaL. andS. giganteaAiton (Asteraceae), initiating stem galls early in ramet growth. We examined the relationship between ramet size (as an indicator of plant vigour) and galling rate over 3 years at a field site in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. We markedSolidagoramets along line transects, measured their stem diameter, and recorded their fate (galled or ungalled) during the season. ForS. altissima, galls were numerous enough for analysis in 2 years, and the frequency of galling increased monotonically with ramet stem diameter in both years. ForS. gigantea, galls were numerous enough for analysis in all 3 years, but attack rate - stem diameter relationships were complex. In 2004 the galling frequency peaked at intermediate stem diameter, but in 2005 the galling frequency increased monotonically with stem diameter (and in 2006 the nonsignificant trend was similar). Overall, our data are most consistent with the plant-vigour hypothesis, but the 2004 data forS. gigantealend some support to the suggestion that herbivore attack might sometimes be most intense on intermediate-sized modules.
New species in theLasioglossum petrellumspecies group identified through an integrative taxonomic approach
Authors: Gibbs Jason J. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractBy means of an integrative taxonomic approach using morphology and DNA barcodes, multiple cryptic species withinLasioglossum(Dialictus)petrellum(Cockerell) (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) were discovered. Analysis of DNA barcode sequence data from across the supposed range ofL. petrellumrevealed distinct genetic differences that correlate with patterns of morphological variation and geographical distribution. The most morphologically distinct pair of species had the smallest DNA-barcode gap. The taxonomic limits ofL. petrellumare revised and four new species are described and illustrated:L.(D.)tuolumnensesp. nov.,L.(D.)griswoldisp. nov.L.(D.)droegeisp. nov., andL.(D.)viridipetrellumsp. nov.A key to species of the “L. petrellum” group is provided.
Latridiidae (Coleoptera) of Atlantic Canada: new records, keys to identification, new synonyms, distribution, and zoogeography
Authors: Majka Christopher G. , Langor David , Rücker Wolfgang H. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThirty-five species of Latridiidae are reported in Atlantic Canada as a whole, 17 in New Brunswick, 14 in Newfoundland, 31 in Nova Scotia, and 14 on Prince Edward Island. Fifty-six new provincial records are reported (11 in New Brunswick, 9 in Newfoundland, 23 in Nova Scotia, 13 in Prince Edward Island). Twenty-two species are newly recorded for Atlantic Canada. Of these,Cartodere(Aridius)bifasciata(Reitter),Enicmus histrioJoy and Tomlin,Latridius consimilis(Mannerheim),Corticaria elongata(Gyllenhal),C. impressa(Olivier),C. saginataMannerheim,Corticarina longipennis(LeConte),Melanophthalma helvolaMotschulsky, andM. inermisMotschulsky are newly recorded in Canada, andC. bifasciata,E. histrio, andC. saginataare newly recorded in North America.Dienerella filiformis(Gyllenhal) is removed from the New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island lists.Corticaria dentigeraLeConte is removed from the Labrador and Atlantic Provinces lists.Melanophthalma incultaMotschulskysyn. nov.andM. signataBelonsyn. nov.are designated as a junior synonyms ofM. inermisMotschulsky andM. picta(LeConte), respectively.Melanophthalma helvolaMotschulsky is reinstated as a valid species. Lectotypes and paralectotypes ofM. helvolaandM. americana(Mannerheim) are designated. Approximately half of the species are adventive (16 Palaearctic, 1 Australian) and half are native (13 Nearctic, 3 Holarctic). Two species are of uncertain zoogeographic status. Although some species are synanthropic, several have colonized native habitats. Nova Scotia has the largest number of adventive species, probably as a result of trans-Atlantic shipping. New Brunswick has the fewest, at least in part because of insufficient collecting there. Early detection dates and introduction processes are discussed. The native faunas on Prince Edward Island, Cape Breton Island, and Newfoundland appear diminished (33%–40%) compared with those of the neighbouring mainland. Although all latridiids are mycetophagous, many in the region show clear habitat preferences; however, the ecological role of those species requires further investigation.
Nilpotent Conjugacy Classes inp-adic Lie Algebras: The Odd Orthogonal Case
Authors: Diwadkar Jyotsna Mainkar 
Published: November 2009

AbstractWe will study the following question: Are nilpotent conjugacy classes of reductive Lie algebras overp-adic fields definable? By definable, we mean definable by a formula in Pas's language. In this language, there are no field extensions and no uniformisers. Using Waldspurger's parametrization, we answer in the affirmative in the case of special orthogonal Lie algebras so(n) fornodd, overp-adic fields.
Affine Lines on Affine Surfaces and the Makar–Limanov Invariant
Authors: Gurjar R. V. , Masuda K. , Miyanishi M. , Russell P. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractA smooth affine surface X defined over the complex field C is an ML0 surface if the Makar– Limanov invariant ML(X) is trivial. In this paper we study the topology and geometry of ML0 surfaces. Of particular interest is the question: Is every curve C in X which is isomorphic to the affine line a fiber component of an A1-fibration on X? We shall show that the answer is affirmative if the Picard number ρ(X) = 0, but negative in case ρ(X) ≥ 1. We shall also study the ascent and descent of the ML0 property under proper maps.
The Hilbert Coefficients of the Fiber Cone and the a-Invariant of the Associated Graded Ring
Authors: D'Cruz Clare , Puthenpurakal Tony J. 
Published: November 2009

Abstract.Let (A,m) be a Noetherian local ring with infinite residue field and let I be an ideal in A and let be the fiber cone of I. We prove certain relations among the Hilbert coefficients f0(I), f1(I), f2(I) of F(I) when the a-invariant of the associated graded ring G(I) is negative.
Residual Spectra of Split Classical Groups and their Inner Forms
Authors: Grbac Neven 
Published: November 2009

Abstract.This paper is concerned with the residual spectrum of the hermitian quaternionic classical groups G′n and H′n defined as algebraic groups for a quaternion algebra over an algebraic number field. Groups G′n and H′n are not quasi-split. They are inner forms of the split groups SO4n and Sp4n. Hence, the parts of the residual spectrum of G′n and H′n obtained in this paper are compared to the corresponding parts for the split groups SO4n and Sp4n.
Maximal Operators Associated with Vector Polynomials of Lacunary Coefficients
Authors: Hong Sunggeum , Kim Joonil , Yang ChanWoo 
Published: November 2009

Abstract.We prove the Lp(ℝd) (1 < p ≤ ∞) boundedness of the maximal operators associated with a family of vector polynomials given by the form ﹛(2k1 p1(t), … , 2kdpd(t)) : t ∈ ℝ﹜. Furthermore, by using the lifting argument, we extend this result to a general class of vector polynomials whose coefficients are of the form constant times 2k.
Twisted Gross–Zagier Theorems
Authors: Howard Benjamin 
Published: November 2009

Abstract.The theorems of Gross–Zagier and Zhang relate the Néron–Tate heights of complex multiplication points on the modular curve X0(N) (and on Shimura curve analogues) with the central derivatives of automorphic L-function. We extend these results to include certain CM points on modular curves of the form X (Ⲅ0(M ) ∩ Ⲅ1(S)) (and on Shimura curve analogues). These results are motivated by applications to Hida theory that can be found in the companion article “Central derivatives of L -functions in Hida families”,Math. Ann. 399(2007), 803–818.
Face Ring Multiplicity via CM-Connectivity Sequences
Authors: Novik Isabella , Swartz Ed 
Published: November 2009

Abstract.The multiplicity conjecture of Herzog, Huneke, and Srinivasan is verified for the face rings of the following classes of simplicial complexes: matroid complexes, complexes of dimension one and two, and Gorenstein complexes of dimension at most four. The lower bound part of this conjecture is also established for the face rings of all doubly Cohen–Macaulay complexes whose 1-skeleton's connectivity does not exceed the codimension plus one as well as for all (d−1)-dimensional d-Cohen– Macaulay complexes. The main ingredient of the proofs is a new interpretation of the minimal shifts in the resolution of the face ring via the Cohen–Macaulay connectivity of the skeletons of .