bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Randomized clinical trial comparing infrahepatic inferior vena cava clamping with low central venous pressure in complex liver resections involving the Pringle manoeuvre
Authors: Zhu P , Lau W-Y , Chen Y-F , Zhang B-X , Huang Z-Y , Zhang Z-W , Zhang W , Dou L , Chen X-P 
Published: March 2012

Abstract

Background
Control of bleeding remains key to successful hepatic resection. The present randomized clinical trial compared infrahepatic inferior vena cava (IVC) clamping with low central venous pressure (CVP) during complex hepatectomy using portal triad clamping (PTC).

Methods
Consecutive patients undergoing complex hepatectomy were allocated randomly to PTC combined with infrahepatic IVC clamping or to PTC with low CVP. Primary outcome was blood loss during parenchymal transection. Secondary outcomes were intraoperative surgical and haemodynamic parameters, postoperative recovery of liver and renal function, postoperative morbidity and mortality, and duration of hospital stay.

Results
Between January 2008 and September 2010, 192 patients were randomized. Compared with low CVP, infrahepatic IVC clamping significantly decreased blood loss during parenchymal transection (mean(s.e.m.) 243(158) versus 372(197) ml; P &lt; 0·001), was associated with faster recovery of liver function, and caused less impairment in renal function and fewer haemodynamic changes. The degree of cirrhosis correlated positively with CVP (R2 = 0·963, P = 0·019) and with infrahepatic IVC pressure (R2 = 0·950, P = 0·025). For patients with moderate or severe cirrhosis, infrahepatic IVC clamping was more efficacious in controlling blood loss during parenchymal transection (mean(s.e.m.) 2·9(1·8) versus 6·1(2·4) ml/cm2; P &lt; 0·001).

Conclusion
PTC combined with infrahepatic IVC clamping is more efficacious in controlling bleeding during complex hepatectomy than PTC with low CVP, especially in patients with moderate to severe cirrhosis. Registration number: NCT01355887 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov).
Structure of Sodiated Polyglycines
Authors: Balaj O. Petru , Semrouni David , Steinmetz Vincent , Nicol Edith , Clavaguéra Carine , Ohanessian Gilles 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe intrinsic folding of peptides about a sodium ion has been investigated in detail by using infrared multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD) spectroscopy and a combination of theoretical methods. IRMPD spectroscopy was carried out on sodiated polyglycines Gn‐Na+ (n=2–8), in both the fingerprint and NH/OH stretching regions. Interplay between experimental and computational approaches (classical and quantum) enables us to decipher most structural details. The most stable structures of the small peptides up to G6‐Na+ maximize metal–peptide interactions with all peptidic CO groups bound to sodium. In addition, direct interactions between peptide termini are possible for G6‐Na+ and larger polyglycines. The increased flexibility of larger peptides leads to more complex folding and internal peptide structuration through γ or β turns. A structural transition is found to occur between G6‐Na+ and G7‐Na+, leading to a structure with sodium coordination that becomes tri‐dimensional for the latter. This transition was confirmed by H/D exchange experiments on Gn‐Na+ (n=3–8). The most favorable hydrogen‐bonding pattern in G8‐Na+ involves direct interactions between the peptide termini and opens the way to salt‐bridge formation; however, there is only good agreement between experimental and computational data over the entire spectral range for the charge solvation isomer.
Design and Synthesis of Piezochromic Materials Based on Push–Pull Chromophores: A Mechanistic Perspective
Authors: Chen Fengkun , Zhang Jie , Wan Xinhua 
Published: March 2012

AbstractComputational analysis predicts that intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) exists in anthraquinone imide (AQI) derivatives with electron‐donating substituents at the 6‐position, such as 4‐methoxylphenyl, 4‐N,N‐dimethylaminophenyl, and thiophene. However, for those with electron‐withdrawing ones, no clear ICT interaction could be observed. We predicted, on the basis of the simulation results, that AQI derivatives with electron‐donating substituents would be piezochromic. To verify this hypothesis, the corresponding AQI derivatives with various substituents were synthesized. Absorption spectra recorded with a diffuse reflectance method on powders revealed that 4‐methoxylphenyl‐, 4‐N,N‐dimethylaminophenyl‐, and thiophene‐substituted AQI exhibited piezochromism, but not 4‐nitrophenyl‐substituted AQI, which is in good agreement with the simulation results. Interestingly, redshifts of both the lower and higher energy absorption bands were observed along with redshifts of the emission spectra. However, XRD patterns before and after being pressed presented no significant changes, which was different from known piezochromic molecules described in the literature. An unprecedented mechanism in which enhanced ICT from better conjugation between the donor and acceptor segments induced by the decrease of θ under pressure could be responsible for the piezochromism of aryl‐substituted AQIs is proposed.
Rubidium Polyhydrides Under Pressure: Emergence of the Linear H3− Species
Authors: Hooper James , Zurek Eva 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe structures of compressed rubidium polyhydrides, RbHn with n>1, and their evolution under pressure are studied using density functional theory calculations. These phases, which start to stabilize at only P=2 GPa, consist of Rb+ cations and one or more of the following species: H− anions, H2 molecules, and molecules. The latter motif, the simplest example of a three‐center four‐electron bond, is found in the most stable structures, RbH5 and RbH3, which metallize above 200 GPa. At the highest pressures studied, our evolutionary searches find an RbH6 phase which contains polymeric ()∞ chains that show signs of one‐dimensional liquid‐like behavior.
New Types of Reactivity of α,β‐Unsaturated N,N‐Dimethylhydrazones: Chemodivergent Diastereoselective Synthesis of Functionalized Tetrahydroquinolines and Hexahydropyrrolo[3,2‐b]indoles
Authors: Sridharan Vellaisamy , Ribelles Pascual , Estévez Verónica , Villacampa Mercedes , Ramos M. Teresa , Perumal Paramasivan T. , Menéndez J. Carlos 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe indium trichloride‐catalyzed reaction between aromatic imines and α,β‐unsaturated N,N‐dimethylhydrazones in acetonitrile afforded 1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroquinolines bearing a hydrazone function at C4 through a one‐pot diastereoselective domino process that involves the formation of two CC bonds and the controlled generation of two stereocenters, one of which is quaternary. This reaction constitutes the first example of an α,β‐unsaturated dimethylhydrazone that behaves as a dienophile in a hetero Diels–Alder reaction. The related reaction between anilines, aromatic aldehydes, and methacrolein dimethylhydrazone in CHCl3 with BF3⋅Et2O as catalyst afforded polysubstituted 1,2,3,3a,4,8b‐hexahydropyrrolo[3,2‐b]indoles as major products through a fully diastereoselective ABB′C four‐component domino process that generates two cycles, three stereocenters, two CC bonds, and two CN bonds in a single operation.
Preeclampsia and Hypertensive Disease in Pregnancy: Their Contributions to Cardiovascular Risk
Authors: Valdiviezo Carolina , Garovic Vesna D. , Ouyang Pamela 
Published: March 2012

AbstractMore women than men die each year of cardiovascular disease, which remains the leading cause of death in the United States. Sex‐specific factors, including pregnancy‐related disorders, should be considered when assessing cardiovascular (CV) risk in women. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy have been associated with CV risk later in life and may identify women in whom earlier primary prevention may reduce their risk. This article reviews the physiologic changes in blood pressure during pregnancy, current definitions of hypertensive diseases of pregnancy and preeclampsia, and postulated pathophysiologic mechanisms leading to preeclampsia that might contribute to later CV risk. Also summarized are studies providing evidence on the association between hypertensive diseases of pregnancy and future CV risk. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.The authors have no funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose.
Myocardial Ischemia in Women: Lessons From the NHLBI WISE Study
Authors: Gulati Martha , Shaw Leslee J. , Bairey Merz C. Noel 
Published: March 2012

AbstractCardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death for women. For almost 3 decades, more women than men have died from CVD, with the most recent annual statistics on mortality reporting that CVD accounted for 421 918 deaths among women in the United States. Although there have been significant declines in coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality for females, these reductions lag behind those seen in men. In addition, where there has been a decrease in mortality from CHD across all age groups over time in men, in the youngest women (age <55 years) there has been a notable increase in mortality from CHD. There are differences in the prevalence, symptoms, and pathophysiology of myocardial ischemia that occurs in women compared with men. In this paper, we review the pathophysiology and mechanisms of ischemic heart disease (IHD) in women, particularly focusing on what we have learned from the WISE study. We examine the sex‐specific issues related to myocardial ischemia in women in terms of prevalence and prognosis, traditional and novel risk factors, diagnostic testing, as well as therapeutic management strategies for IHD. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.This work was supported by contracts from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, nos. N01‐HV‐68161, N01‐HV‐68162, N01‐HV‐68163, N01‐HV‐68164, and R01 HL090957‐01A1; grants U0164829, U01 HL649141, U01 HL649241, T32HL69751, and R03 AG032631‐01 from the National Institute on Aging; a GCRC grant MO1‐RR00425 from the National Center for Research Resources; and grants from the Gustavus and Louise Pfeiffer Research Foundation, Danville, New Jersey; the Women's Guild of Cedars‐Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California; the Edythe L. Broad Women's Heart Research Fellowship, Cedars‐Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California; and the Barbra Streisand Women's Cardiovascular Research and Education Program, Cedars‐Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles. The authors have no other funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose.
Cardiovascular Disease: The Female Heart Is Vulnerable
Authors: Wenger Nanette K. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractFebruary was Heart Month. Clinical Cardiology has embraced the opportunity to share with clinicians and scientists the major adverse impact of cardiovascular disease in women, identifying actionable items derived from recent research studies and highlighting gaps in our knowledge that require investigation. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.The invited expert clinician/scientists in this issue of Clinical Cardiology, Drs. Noel Bairey Merz, Pamela Ouyang, Leslee Shaw, and Nanette Wenger, are members of the Society for Women's Health Research, Interdisciplinary Studies In Sex‐differences (ISIS) Network on Cardiovascular Disease.The author has no funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose.
Bulbispermine: A Crinine‐Type Amaryllidaceae Alkaloid Exhibiting Cytostatic Activity toward Apoptosis‐Resistant Glioma Cells
Authors: Luchetti Giovanni , Johnston Robert , Mathieu Véronique , Lefranc Florence , Hayden Kathryn , Andolfi Anna , Lamoral‐Theys Delphine , Reisenauer Mary R. , Champion Cody , Pelly Stephen C. , van Otterlo Willem A. L. , Magedov Igor V. , Kiss Robert , Evidente Antonio , Rogelj Snezna , Kornienko Alexander 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe Amaryllidaceae alkaloid bulbispermine was derivatized to produce a small group of synthetic analogues. These, together with bulbispermine’s natural crinine‐type congeners, were evaluated in vitro against a panel of cancer cell lines with various levels of resistance to pro‐apoptotic stimuli. Bulbispermine, haemanthamine, and haemanthidine showed the most potent antiproliferative activities as determined by the MTT colorimetric assay. Among the synthetic bulbispermine analogues, only the C1,C2‐dicarbamate derivative exhibited notable growth inhibitory properties. All active compounds were found not to discriminate between the cancer cell lines based on the apoptosis sensitivity criterion; they displayed similar potencies in both cell types, indicating that the induction of apoptosis is not the primary mechanism responsible for antiproliferative activity in this series of compounds. It was also found that bulbispermine inhibits the proliferation of glioblastoma cells through cytostatic effects, possibly arising from rigidification of the actin cytoskeleton. These findings lead us to argue that crinine‐type alkaloids are potentially useful drug leads for the treatment of apoptosis‐resistant cancers and glioblastoma in particular.
Lipase‐catalyzed transesterification to remove saturated MAG from biodiesel
Authors: Padhi Santosh Kumar , Haas Michael , Bornscheuer Uwe T. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractSaturated MAG (SMG) are known to be present in FAME intended to be used as biodiesel. These SMG can strongly affect the properties of biofuels such as the cloud point (CP), and they have been implicated in engine failure due to filter plugging. It is shown here that lipase G from Penicillium camemberti can be efficiently used for the transesterification of SMG to fatty acid methyl ester and glycerol even in the presence of the bulk biodiesel. Thus, in samples of commercial biodiesel to which glycerol monostearate (GMS) and glycerol monopalmitate (GMP) had been added, their levels were enzymatically reduced from 2% (w/v) to 0.22% (w/v) for GMP and 0.14% (w/v) for GMS as confirmed by GC‐MS analysis.Practical applications: SMG present in biodiesel can have a pronounced negative effect on the CP, and/or filterability and in‐field performance of the fuel. The lipase‐catalyzed transesterification shown in this paper enables a significant reduction in the amount of SMG, leading to superior biodiesel quality.
Direct Amination of Nitro(pentafluorosulfanyl)benzenes through Vicarious Nucleophilic Substitution of Hydrogen
Authors: Pastýříková Tereza , Iakobson George , Vida Norbert , Pohl Radek , Beier Petr 
Published: March 2012

Abstract1‐Nitro‐4‐(pentafluorosulfanyl)benzene underwent direct amination with 1,1,1‐trimethylhydrazinium iodide in the presence of tBuOK in DMSO to give 2‐nitro‐5‐(pentafluorosulfanyl)aniline in good yield. 1‐Nitro‐3‐(pentafluorosulfanyl)benzene, under similar conditions, gave 2‐nitro‐4‐(pentafluorosulfanyl)aniline, also in good yield. Reduction of either product with hydrogen in the presence of Raney nickel provided 4‐(pentafluorosulfanyl)benzene‐1,2‐diamine, which served as a precursor for the efficient synthesis of SF5‐containing benzimidazoles, quinoxalines, and benzotriazoles.
Impairments in aromatase expression, reproductive behavior, and sperm quality of male fish exposed to 17β-estradiol
Authors: Guyón Noelia F. , Roggio María A. , Amé María V. , Hued Andrea C. , Valdés María E. , Giojalas Laura C. , Wunderlin Daniel A. , Bistoni María A. 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
Growing evidence shows that environmental estrogen can reach levels that are high enough to exert adverse reproductive effects on wild fish populations. The authors report different parameters of male reproductive behavior, brain, and gonadal aromatase expression, as well as sperm quality in an internally fertilizing fish species (Jenynsia multidentata, Jenyns) exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of 17β-estradiol (E2). Adult males were exposed to 0, 50, 100, and 250 ng/L E2 over 28 d. The authors' findings demonstrate that E2 exposure resulted in a very clear increase in brain aromatase transcript abundance at all assayed concentrations compared with control; however, no effects on gonadal aromatase expression were observed. Behavioral measures revealed increased sexual activity at 50 ng/L but not 100 or 250 ng/L E2. In contrast to the molecular and behavioral responses, the condition factor, gonadosomatic index, and sperm quality were unaltered by E2 exposure. The results from the present work suggest that E2 affects some aspects of the reproductive biology of J. multidentata. These modifications in the reproductive biology caused by exposure to E2 could potentially lead to long-term effects at population levels that may not always be immediately evident. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first report on the combined effect of E2 on aromatase expression, sexual behavior, and sperm parameters in fish. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012; 31: 935–940. © 2012 SETAC
Regulation of the human endogenous retroviral Syncytin‐1 and cell–cell fusion by the nuclear hormone receptors PPARγ/RXRα in placentogenesis
Authors: Ruebner Matthias , Langbein Manuela , Strissel Pamela L. , Henke Christine , Schmidt Doreen , Goecke Tamme W. , Faschingbauer Florian , Schild Ralf L. , Beckmann Matthias W. , Strick Reiner 
Published: March 2012

AbstractCytotrophoblast (CT) cell fusion into a syncytiotrophoblast is obligatory for placentation and mediated by the human endogenous retrovirus (HERV)‐W envelope gene Syncytin‐1. Abnormal placentation is associated with preeclampsia (PE), HELLP and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). In placentogenesis, the MAP‐kinase p38α regulates PPARγ/RXRα signaling and target genes, like leptin, resistin, ABCG2, and hCG. The aim of this study was to analyze PPARγ/RXRα signaling and target gene regulation using primary CT cultures, the trophoblastic cell line BeWo and placental tissues from patients with normal and abnormal placentation. CT from four different human control placentae and BeWo cells demonstrated that Syncytin‐1, other signaling members and CT cell fusions were regulated with PPARγ/RXRα activators troglitazone and 9‐cis retinoic acid, via protein kinase A and p38α inhibition. Significant discordant regulations between CTs and BeWo were found. Two PPARγ/RXRα‐response‐elements from upstream regulatory elements and the 5′LTR of HERV‐W were confirmed with DNA‐protein binding assays using nuclear extracts and recombinant PPARγ/RXRα proteins. These promoter elements were validated with luciferase assays in the presence of PPARγ/RXRα modulators. Furthermore, troglitazone or 9‐cis retinoic acid treatment of siRNA‐PPARγ and siRNA‐RXRα transfected BeWo cells proved the requirement of these proteins for Syncytin‐1 regulation. Thirty primary abnormal placentae from PE, HELLP and IUGR patients compared to 10 controls showed significant deregulation of leptin RNA and protein, p38α, phospho‐p38α, PPARγ, ABCG2, INSL4 and Syncytin‐1. Our study characterized PPARγ/RXRα signaling in human CT and cell fusions identifying Syncytin‐1 as a new target gene. Based on these results, a disturbed PPARγ/RXRα pathway could contribute to pathological human pregnancies. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 2383–2396, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A novel Phex mutation in a new mouse model of hypophosphatemic rickets
Authors: Owen Celeste , Chen Frieda , Flenniken Ann M. , Osborne Lucy R. , Ichikawa Shoji , Adamson S. Lee , Rossant Janet , Aubin Jane E. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractX‐linked hypophosphatemic rickets (XLH) is a dominantly inherited disease characterized by renal phosphate wasting, aberrant vitamin D metabolism, and defective bone mineralization. It is known that XLH in humans and in certain mouse models is caused by inactivating mutations in PHEX/Phex (phosphate‐regulating gene with homologies to endopeptidases on the X chromosome). By a genome‐wide N‐ethyl‐N‐nitrosourea (ENU)‐induced mutagenesis screen in mice, we identified a dominant mouse mutation that exhibits the classic clinical manifestations of XLH, including growth retardation, skeletal abnormalities (rickets/osteomalacia), hypophosphatemia, and increased serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels. Mapping and sequencing revealed that these mice carry a point mutation in exon 14 of the Phex gene that introduces a stop codon at amino acid 496 of the coding sequence (PhexJrt also published as PhexK496X [Ichikawa et al., 2012]). Fgf23 mRNA expression as well as that of osteocalcin, bone sialoprotein, and matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein was upregulated in male mutant long bone, but that of sclerostin was unaffected. Although Phex mRNA is expressed in bone from mutant hemizygous male mice (PhexJrt/Y mice), no Phex protein was detected in immunoblots of femoral bone protein. Stromal cultures from mutant bone marrow were indistinguishable from those of wild‐type mice with respect to differentiation and mineralization. The ability of PhexJrt/Y osteoblasts to mineralize and the altered expression levels of matrix proteins compared with the well‐studied Hyp mice makes it a unique model with which to further explore the clinical manifestations of XLH and its link to FGF23 as well as to evaluate potential new therapeutic strategies. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 2432–2441, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The emerging role of Arf/Arl small GTPases in cilia and ciliopathies
Authors: Li Yujie , Ling Kun , Hu Jinghua 
Published: March 2012

AbstractOnce overlooked as an evolutionary vestige, the primary cilium has recently been the focus of intensive studies. Mounting data show that this organelle is a hub for various signaling pathways during vertebrate embryonic development and pattern formation. However, how cilia form and how cilia execute the sensory function still remain poorly understood. Cilia dysfunction is correlated with a wide spectrum of human diseases, now termed ciliopathies. Various small GTPases, including the members in Arf/Arl, Rab, and Ran subfamilies, have been implicated in cilia formation and/or function. Here we review and discuss the role of one particular group of small GTPase, Arf/Arl, in the context of cilia and ciliopathy. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 2201–2207, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Simulated infrared spectra of triflic acid during proton dissociation
Authors: Laflamme Patrick , Beaudoin Alexandre , Chapaton Thomas , Spino Claude , Soldera Armand 
Published: March 2012

AbstractVibrational analysis of triflic acid (TfOH) at different water uptakes was conducted. This molecule mimics the sulfonate end of the Nafion® side‐chain. As the proton leaves the sulfonic acid group, structural changes within the Nafion® side‐chain take place. They are revealed by signal shifts in the infrared spectrum. Molecular modeling is used to follow structural modifications that occur during proton dissociation. To confirm the accuracy of the proposed structures, infrared spectra were computed via quantum chemical modeling based on density functional theory. The requirement to use additional diffuse functions in the basis set is discussed. Comparison between simulated infrared spectra of 1 and 2 acid molecules with different water contents and experimental data was performed. An accurate description of infrared spectra for systems containing 2 TfOH was obtained. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A stepwise retro‐imino‐ene as a key step in the mechanism of allene formation via the Crabbé acetylene homologation
Authors: González Marta , Rodríguez Roi Álvarez , Cid Maria Magdalena , López Carlos Silva 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe mechanism of the acetylene homologation procedure accidentally discovered and further developed by Crabbé and coworkers is unknown. Kinetic isotope effect (KIE) experiments, however, suggest that an intramolecular hydrogen shift is the key step of the transformation. In this work, we present a computational study of this mechanism. We found that the reaction proceeds via an unexpected stepwise retro‐imino‐ene rearrangement. This mechanism justifies the role of Cu(I) as a reaction catalyst and is also compatible with the KIE experiments reported. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.