bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is a routine histopathological examination justified for all tumours
resected from the upper extremity?
Authors: Zyluk Andrzej 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMost lesions of the upper extremity are common and benign, and the need for a
routine pathology evaluation of these specimens has often been questioned. This
study aimed to evaluate the concordance of the initial clinical and final
histological diagnoses of tumours which, based on clinical presentation and
intraoperative findings, are most likely benign or malignant, and to answer the
question whether or not a routine histopathological examination is justified for
all tumours in the upper extremity.
Material and Methods We analysed the results of histopathological
examinations of benign tumours resected in 346 patients and malignant tumours
resected in 6 patients.
Results Our analysis showed a 100% concordance between the initial
(clinical) diagnoses of the tumours as benign or malignant and their final
histopathological diagnoses. Only in 12 cases (3.5%) of initially benign tumours
did the clinical presentation and/or intraoperative findings raise doubts.
Conclusions The results of this study show that a routine histological
evaluation of all tumours resected from the upper extremity is not justified and
may be confined to selected cases in which clinical presentation and/or
intraoperative findings raise doubts.
Takotsubo's Cardiomyopathy in a Young Female with Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Case Report
Authors: Kumari Gayatri , Singh Anoop K. , Jaishree Sharma V. , Tiwari Ashutosh 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTakotsubo's cardiomyopathy (TC) typically presents with acute cardiac dysfunction due to regional wall motion abnormality, but unlike other cardiac pathologies, it recovers within a short period. Here, we report the case of a 23-year-old woman who presented to us following severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Her Glasgow coma scale (GCS) deteriorated rapidly in the preoperative period and she developed TC following surgery. Despite an uneventful surgery, she needed cardiovascular support by vasopressors and inotropes in the postoperative period. She was diagnosed with TC on serial transthoracic echocardiography, with complete cardiac function recovery within 9 days. The diagnosis of TC was supported by electrocardiography (not correlating coronary artery disease), elevated troponin I and N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and the presence of a physical sessor like TBI. As an unrecognized TC due to a low GCS score after severe TBI may negatively impact outcomes, we aim to emphasize that vigilant perioperative management may give good outcomes even in less commonly encountered serious TC.
A Case of Spontaneous Intracranial Hematoma with Critically Low Platelet Count: A Neurointensivist's Nightmare
Authors: Samanta Sukhen , Prasanna Malligere 
Published: May 2024

AbstractComplications of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) are more frequent at a platelet count lower than 10,000/μL of blood. Intracranial hematoma (ICH) is one of the most severe complications of ITP. Subdural hematoma (SDH) and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) usually occur as extensions of ICH and is generally spontaneous in nature. We report a case of ICH along with SDH and SAH who presented with critically low platelet count managed using apheresis platelet transfusion, desmopressin, intravenous immunoglobulin, and methylprednisolone. The patient was discharged successfully from hospital without any neurological deficit. The importance of early referral and immediate aggressive management and monitoring at an advanced center is suggested.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Frozen Section Analysis and Factors Associated with Discordance of Final Histopathology in Mucinous Ovarian Tumor
Authors: Gupta Rubi , Patel Bijal , Dave Pariseema , Arora Ruchi , Parekh Chetna , Dama Swetha 
Published: May 2024

Aim and Objective This article determines the diagnostic accuracy of frozen section (FS) in case of mucinous ovarian tumor (MOT) and tailoring of intraoperative treatment decision.
Material and Methods This was an observational study in which retrospective data was analyzed prospectively from January 2008 to December 2015 at the Regional Cancer Center. This study included 158 patients with MOT who underwent FS analysis during staging laparotomy at our institute. FS's sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy were calculated and compared with final paraffin histopathological examination (HPE). Univariate and multivariate analyses were done to decide factors associated with changes in final HPE.
Results FS analysis and final HPE report were concordant in 77.8% (123/158) of the cases and discordant in 22.1% (35/158). Out of 35 discordant cases, 29 (18.3%) were upgraded and 06 (5.6%) were downgraded. Out of 33 borderline cases, 16 (48.4%) were upgraded to malignant MOT and 6 (18.1%) were downgraded to benign MOT on final HPE. Out of 40 malignant MOT, 40 (100%) showed malignancy on final HPE. In the case of benign MOT on FS, 13 out of 85 (15.2%) upgraded to borderline or malignant. Sensitivity and specificity of FS were 76.60 and 55.17%, respectively, for benign MOT, 55.17 and 86.96% for borderline MOT, and 86.96 and 100% for malignant MOT.
Conclusion In MOT, due to its large size and heterogeneous nature, it displays spectrum of appearance ranging from benign cyst adenoma, and borderline tumor to adenocarcinoma. Our study showed significant discordance between FS and final histopathological diagnosis in borderline MOT.
Electronic structure and optical spectral analysis of the MnO42− anion with consideration of site and Jahn–Teller distortion
Authors: Birke Ronald L. 
Published: May 2024

The ground state of 3d1 MnO42− was studied by density functional theory (DFT) and complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) methods in terms of a variety of molecular point group structures to ascertain the site and Jahn–Teller (JT) distortion effect. Modeling results from UB3LYP/6-31+G(d) calculations with natural bond orbital analysis show the four Mn–O bonds are coordinate covalent. The one-electron matrix elements from CASSCF(AILFT) (ab initio ligand field theory) with a second order perturbation treatment were used to calculate the parameters of the angular overlap model. These allowed the calculation of JT stabilization energies and first and second order JT coupling constants for MnO42− with C2v and D2d symmetry. Absorption spectra and excited state transition energies were calculated assuming the lattice distorted geometry was C2v with time-dependent DFT (TDDFT) using the unrestricted coulomb-attenuating UCAM-B3LYP density functional and with the spin-adapted spin-flip DFT using the UBH&HLYP density functional, both with the AUG-CC-PVTZ basis set. The mean absolute deviation of the calculations from experimental excited states for the ligand field and ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) bands was better than 0.1 eV. Several new assignments for LMCT excited states were made on the basis of the TDDFT excitation results.
Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-assisted non-destructive transient thermoreflectance characterizations
Authors: Zhou Shaojie , Meng Biwei , Yuan Chao 
Published: May 2024

The conventional pump–probe thermoreflectance (pump–probe TR) techniques are routinely performed on a thin (typically &lt;100 nm) metal transducer deposited on samples, ensuring the most fundamental principle of thermoreflectance: the reflectance change (∆R/R) of the sample surface is directly and linearly related to the temperature change (∆T) within a finite temperature range. However, general metal coating methods may damage the sample by forming a mixed layer with the sample. In this article, we present a non-destructive pump–probe transient thermoreflectance (TTR) characterization using the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-assisted metal transfer technique. Our method utilizes PDMS dry transfer to transfer common transducer metals (Au and Al) to the target substrate. This method effectively avoids impurities and damage to the sample. In particular, we have utilized Au as a transition layer to study the application of Al transfer in TTR measurements. The substrate thermal conductivity measurement results show that they can all be used for TTR measurement, and the thermal boundary conductance results show that the transferred metals have low bonding to the substrate. In addition, Al/Au can be transferred over a large area at room temperature compared to Au. After measurement, the samples can be restored to their original state by a simple cleaning method. This method provides a simple and reliable way to characterize samples without metal coating for TTR.
Design and development of efficient and compact 20 kW 325 MHz solid-state amplifier for superconducting accelerator applications
Authors: Mishra Jitendra Kumar , Singh Snigdha , Shrotriya Sandip , Ramarao B. V. , Pande Manjiri , Joshi Gopal 
Published: May 2024

An efficient and compact, 20 kW solid-state power amplifier (SSA) at 325 MHz has been designed and developed in-house, using single stage combining. It comprises of 24 nos. of 1 kW power amplifier (PA) modules, a 24-way Wilkinson power combiner and divider, and other peripheral systems. The typical gain and conversion efficiency of the PA modules at 1.0 kW output is 21.7 dB and 66.6%, respectively. It is demonstrated that overall power gain and AC to RF efficiency of this SSA at 20 kW is 88.5 dB and 54.8%, respectively, which matches closely with the design estimates. The harmonic content in the RF output is &lt; −40 dBc for all the harmonics. The results of the Monte Carlo simulation are also presented, showing lower bound on combining efficiency with a degree of confidence if magnitude and phase data for 24 inputs are randomly chosen from a normal distribution’s pre-defined interval. The salient features of this SSA include power density of 12.7 kW/m3, AC to RF efficiency of 54.8% at 20 kW, and guaranteed output of 20 kW with one failed PA module and 18.1 kW under two failed PA modules condition.
The influence of stereodynamical control on the nonadiabatic effects in the D + HD (v = 1, j = 2) → D2 + H reaction
Authors: Xu Xiaoxi , Yang Zijiang , Buren Bayaer , Chen Maodu 
Published: May 2024

Stereodynamics is a field that studies the influence of the alignment or orientation of colliding partners on the results of collisions. At present, the intersection of nonadiabatic effects and stereodynamics remains to be explored. In this study, we theoretically demonstrate significant stereodynamical effects in the D + HD (v = 1, j = 2) → D2 + H reaction within the collision energy range of 0.01–2.99 eV by using the time-dependent wave packet method. It is found that the stereodynamical control not only facilitates the reaction but also allows precise control of the products over a range of different scattering angles. The analysis at the state-to-state level reveals that the nonadiabatic effects are stronger in the parallel configuration than in the perpendicular configuration. By topological approach to separate the two reaction pathways at the conical intersection, the scattering amplitude of the roaming pathway in the parallel configuration is larger than that of the perpendicular configuration, which leads to more dramatic nonadiabatic features in the collision with parallel configuration.
Beyond isotropic repulsion: Classical anisotropic repulsion by inclusion of p orbitals
Authors: Chung Moses K. J. , Ponder Jay W. 
Published: May 2024

Accurate modeling of intermolecular repulsion is an integral component in force field development. Although repulsion can be explicitly calculated by applying the Pauli exclusion principle, this approach is computationally viable only for systems of limited sizes. Instead, it has previously been shown that repulsion can be reformulated in a “classical” picture: the Pauli exclusion principle prohibits electrons from occupying the same state, leading to a depletion of electronic charge between atoms, giving rise to an enhanced nuclear–nuclear electrostatic repulsion. This classical picture is called the isotropic S2/R approximation, where S is the overlap and R is the interatomic distance. This approximation accurately captures the repulsion of isotropic atoms such as noble gas dimers; however, a key deficiency is that it fails to capture the angular dependence of the repulsion of anisotropic molecules. To include directionality, the wave function must at least be a linear combination of s and p orbitals. We derive a new anisotropic S2/R repulsion model through the inclusion of the anisotropic p orbital term in the total wave function. Because repulsion is pairwise and decays rapidly, it can be truncated at a short range, making it amenable for efficient calculation of energy and forces in complex biomolecular systems. We present a parameterization of the S101 dimer database against the ab initio benchmark symmetry-adapted perturbation theory, which yields an rms error of only 0.9 kcal/mol. The importance of the anisotropic term is demonstrated through angular scans of water–water dimers and dimers involving halobenzene. Simulation of liquid water shows that the model can be computed efficiently for realistic system sizes.
High-velocity and large-coupling surface wave mode using acoustic Bragg reflector stack with matched excitation condition
Authors: Li Zilin , Li Wenxuan , Li Hualin , Chen Pingxu , Shi Ruchuan , Han Tao 
Published: May 2024

High-velocity, large-coupling acoustic mode is the eternal pursuit of microacoustic research. Surface mode on piezoelectric films supported by an acoustic Bragg reflector (ABR) stack is one possible solution for realizing such a goal. However, some acoustic modes exhibit lower couplings in experiments than theoretically predicted, especially when metal layers are used as high-impedance layers in the ABR. The mechanism of this performance deterioration is still unclear. In this work, the electric field distribution in a piezoelectric plate mounted to an ABR stack is analyzed by considering the inductive current effect in conductive ABR layers. The field distribution required by one mode is found to be distorted by the effect, which results in a reduction in the excitation efficiency for the mode. We propose the use of another acoustic mode with a concentrated electric field in the top layers. As analyzed in comparison, the impact of the inductive effect on the mode is negligible. On an optimized crystal cut of lithium niobate, the selected mode exhibits 22.64% coupling and an acoustic velocity of 6006 m/s.
Nature-inspired wood-like TPU/CB aerogels for high performance flexible strain sensors
Authors: Wang Guanyu , Yang Yadong , Cao Wenzhe , Wan Caichao 
Published: May 2024

Strain sensors based on porous conductive polymers (CPCs) have garnered growing research interest for their potential applications in motion detection, healthcare, human–computer interaction, and artificial intelligence. However, the complexity of CPC processing makes it difficult to achieve the controlled design of microscopic porous structures, leading to simple and random porous structures, thus limiting their further use in the field of pressure sensing. This paper presents a strain sensor with a high-performance, wood-like structure composed of flexible conductive carbon black/plastic polyurethane foam (BWCT) using a bidirectional freeze casting process. The results show that, compared with conventional random freezing and unidirectional freezing, the bidirectional freeze casting process can effectively realize multiscale control of the composite structure, which results in a good laminar porous structure of the prepared BWCT. This parallel laminar structure not only contributes to the layered transfer of stresses but also avoids the local concentration of stresses. At the same time, it significantly increases the directional electrical conduction ability, which results in high sensing stability performance. In particular, the BWCT sensors had a wide detection range (80%), a lower limit of detection (0.2%), rapid response and relaxation times (200 ms), as well as exceptional durability (&gt;2000 cycles). Furthermore, the BWCT was integrated into a wearable sensor to monitor various human motions, including arm bending, squatting, and walking, demonstrating reliable detection performance. Altogether, the BWCT sensors are promising in expanding the application but also offer guidance for designing high-performance wearable strain sensors.
Impact of bull age, sperm processing, and microclimatic conditions on the viability and DNA integrity of cryopreserved bovine sperm
Authors: Cinar Burcu , Bollwein Heinrich , Siuda Mathias , Lautner Matthias , Leiding Claus , Malama Eleni 
Published: May 2024

Context Seasonal microclimatic fluctuations can cause changes in sperm quality even in dairy bulls bred under temperate climate. These changes can vary between sires of different age and affect sperm freezability. Aims We aimed to evaluate the modulating effect of bull age and equilibration time before freezing on the seasonal pattern of sperm viability and DNA integrity post-thaw. Methods In the frame of systematic sperm quality control, we assessed the integrity of sperm plasma membrane and acrosome (PMAI) in 15,496 cryopreserved bovine batches, and the percentage of sperm with high DNA fragmentation index (%DFI) after 0 h and 3 h incubation at 38°C post-thaw (3 h) in 3422 batches. Semen was equilibrated for 24 h before freezing if collected on Monday or Wednesday and 72 h if produced on Friday. We investigated the effect of season, bull age, equilibration, and temperature-humidity index (THI) on the day of semen collection on sperm traits using mixed-effects linear models. Key results PMAI and %DFI (0 h and 3 h) deteriorated with increasing THI. The effect of THI on %DFI was detected with a 30-day time lag. Seasonal fluctuations of sperm quality were similar between young, mature, and older sires. Prolonged equilibration did not affect PMAI but was linked to elevated %DFI (3 h) in summer. Conclusions Extending equilibration from 24 to 72 h is compatible with commercial standards of bovine sperm quality post-thaw; however, it could interfere with the seasonal pattern of the latter. Implications Systematic monitoring of bovine sperm quality enables the prompt detection of stress factors related to microclimate and semen processing.
La gramaticalización de los futuros y condicionales en el navarroaragonés de los siglos xiii y xiv
Authors: Primerano Antoine , Bouzouita Miriam 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper aims to partially verify the hypothesis following which the grammaticalisation of the Ibero-Romance future and conditional tenses unfolded earlier in the (north-)eastern peninsular varieties before spreading to the central and western part of the Iberian territory through language and dialect contact. For this purpose, we will contrastively examine the distribution of futures and conditionals in Navarro-Aragonese and Castilian for the 13th and 14th century, more specifically the variation between the so-called synthetic verb forms with postverbal object pronouns and the analytic forms with mesoclitic pronouns, including the morpho-syntactic factors that favour the use of the former. It is shown that Navarro-Aragonese seems to exhibit a higher frequency of use of the synthetic forms with postverbal pronouns, especially with syncopated verbs, conditionals and a following non-finite verb form.
Research on partial discharge detection based on distributed optical fiber acoustic sensor
Authors: Sun Yuwei , Lv Anqiang , Xie Zhiyuan , Kong Yan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Distributed acoustic sensors (DASs) have the advantage of long-distance and distributed monitoring of vibration signals. However, there are few studies on the application of DAS for partial discharge (PD) monitoring of power equipment. There is also a lack of related theoretical and methodological studies. In this paper, the DAS-measured phase signals are theoretically analyzed from the frequency and energy perspectives, and the method of PD broadband signal coverage using spectrum and energy accumulation is proposed. Fiber optic rings are employed for the detection of PD signals, and the precise localization of these signals is achieved by calculating the DAS energy spectrum. The fiber optic ring is wrapped around the cable joint to achieve the detection and locating of the PD signal. The results indicate that the use of a fiber optic ring can realize the sensitive detection and locating of PD. The signal strength is maximum when the length of the fiber ring is equal to the spatial resolution of DAS. The sensitivity of PD detection in cable joints can reach 40 pC, and the simultaneous detection and localization of PD at different locations can be realized. The research can provide support for theoretical and experimental for the monitoring of PD in power equipment.
Quantum–classical correspondence in spin–boson equilibrium states at arbitrary coupling
Authors: Cerisola F , Berritta M , Scali S , Horsley S A R , Cresser J D , Anders J 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The equilibrium properties of nanoscale systems can deviate significantly from standard thermodynamics due to their coupling to an environment. We investigate this here for the θ-angled spin–boson model, where we first derive a compact and general form of the classical equilibrium state including environmental corrections to all orders. Secondly, for the quantum spin–boson model we prove, by carefully taking a large spin limit, that Bohr’s quantum–classical correspondence persists at all coupling strengths. This shows, for the first time, the validity of the quantum–classical correspondence for an open system and gives insight into the regimes where the quantum system is well-approximated by a classical one. Finally, we provide the first classification of the coupling parameter regimes for the spin–boson model, from weak to ultrastrong, both for the quantum case and the classical setting. Our results shed light on the interplay of quantum and mean force corrections in equilibrium states of the spin–boson model, and will help draw the quantum to classical boundary in a range of fields, such as magnetism and exciton dynamics.
On the universality of Sn-equivariant k-body gates
Authors: Kazi Sujay , Larocca Martín , Cerezo M 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe importance of symmetries has recently been recognized in quantum machine learning from the simple motto: if a task exhibits a symmetry (given by a groupG), the learning model should respect said symmetry. This can be instantiated viaG-equivariant quantum neural networks (QNNs), i.e. parametrized quantum circuits whose gates are generated by operators commuting with a given representation ofG. In practice, however, there might be additional restrictions to the types of gates one can use, such as being able to act on at mostkqubits. In this work we study how the interplay between symmetry andk-bodyness in the QNN generators affect its expressiveness for the special case ofG=Sn, the symmetric group. Our results show that if the QNN is generated by one- and two-bodySn-equivariant gates, the QNN is semi-universal but not universal. That is, the QNN can generate any arbitrary special unitary matrix in the invariant subspaces, but has no control over the relative phases between them. Then, we show that in order to reach universality one needs to includen-body generators (ifnis even) or(n−1)-body generators (ifnis odd). As such, our results brings us a step closer to better understanding the capabilities and limitations of equivariant QNNs.