bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AIDS‐related visceral aspergillosis: an underdiagnosed disease during life?: AIDS‐assoziierte tieflokalisierte Aspergillose: Bei Lebzeiten nicht immer erkannt?
Authors: Manfredi R. , Salfi N. , Alampi Giulia , Mazzoni A. , Nanetti Anna , de Cillia C. , Chiodo F. 
Published: July 2010

Summary. Five out of nine consecutive patients with HIV‐related visceral aspergillosis observed by us since 1984 were diagnosed only at necropsy examination. The histopathological features of these five patients [two with isolated pneumonia, one with central nervous system (CNS) involvement, one with brain abscess and respiratory disease and one with pulmonary, pleural and kidney infection] have been evaluated according to epidemiological, clinical and radiological features. On the basis of our experience, lifethreatening aspergillosis, which is often misdiagnosed or missed in the setting of HIV infection and AIDS, should be suspected in patients with far‐advanced underlying disease and unexplained signs and symptoms, even in the absence of some presumed risk factors (i.e. neutropenia and prior steroid treatment). Plain chest radiography and bronchoscopy with broncholaveolar lavage may fail to reveal respiratory disease, CNS aspergillosis is not necessarily associated with suggestive neuroradiological features and disseminated disease may present with multiorgan failure. The unfavorable outcome of this emerging AIDS complication can be improved only by earlier diagnosis based on invasive techniques and appropraite and timely treatment.Zusammenfassung. Fünf von neun Fällen HIV‐assoziierter tieflokalisierter Aspergillosen, die seit 1984 in unserem Beobachtungsbereich aufgetreten waren, wurden erst in der Autopsie erkannt. Die histopathologischen Besonderheiten dieser fünf Fälle wurden nach epidemiologischen, klinischen und radiologischen Ccharakteristika bewertet. Auf dem Hintergrund dieser Erfahrungen sollte eine lebensbedrohliche Aspergillose—im HIV‐und AIDS‐Umfeld oft fehldiagnostiziert oder übersehen—bei Patienten mit fortgeschrittener Grundkrankheit und unklarer Symptomatik auch dann in Betracht gezogen werden, wenn typische Risikofaktoren, wie Neutropenie oder vorangegangene Kortikosteroid‐Behandlung, fehlen. Normale radiologische Untersuchung and und Bronchoskopie mit bronchoalveolärer Lavage können in der Erkennung von Lungenaspergillose versagen; ZNS‐Aspergillose bildet keine charakteristischen neuroradiologischen Merkmale aus, und eine disseminierte Aspergillose kann zum Multiorganversagen führen. Die Situation bei dieser an Häfigkeit zunehmenden AIDS‐Komplikation kann nur durch frühere Diagnose mittels invasiver Techniken und rechtzeitige und angemessene antimykotische Behandlung verbessert werden.
Reduction in the growth of non‐dermatophyte moulds by itraconazole: evaluation by corneofungimetry assay: Beeinträchtigung des Wachstums von Nicht‐Dermatophyten‐Schimmeln durch Itraconazol: Bewertung mittels korneofungimetrischer Methode
Authors: Arrese J. E. , De Doncker P. , Odds F. C. , Piérard G. E. 
Published: July 2010

Summary. The activity of itraconazole against fungi of dermatological importance was studied using corneofungimetry performed on four test organisms: Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium oxysporum, Scopulariopsis brevicaulis and Scytalidium dimidiatum. The human stratum corneum used in the bioassay was harvested from healthy volunteers and from patients undergoing treatment with itraconazole 200 mg daily for at least 2 weeks. A fungal mycelium grew on all untreated stratum corneum samples within 1 week. The pattern and extent of growth varied greatly among the test organisms. An inhibitory effect was observed on the itraconazole‐treated samples. However, the level of inhibition was higher than that expected by calculating itraconazole minimum inhibitory concentrations in a reference susceptibility test. It is concluded that some non‐dermatophyte moulds of medical importance can grow by forming hyphae on human stratum corneum. However, the process is partly inhibited by some unknown mechanisms originating from the stratum corneum itself. It is further inhibited by the oral administration of itraconazole. This global effect might be the result of the complementation inhibition due to the drug and/or some unknown components of the stratum corneum.Zusammenfassung. Die Itraconazol‐Aktivität wurde in einem corneofungimetrischen Bioassay an Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium oxysporum, Scopulariopsis brevicaulis und Scytalidium dimidiatum geprüft. Menschliches Stratum corneum wurde von gesunden Freiwilligen als Kontrolle und von Patienten gewonnen, die mindestens 2 Wochen lang 200 mg Itraconazol täglich eingenommen hatten. Auf allen Stratum corneum‐Proben der unbehandelten Kontrollgruppe wurde innerhalb einer Woche Pilzwachstum beobachtet. Erscheinungsbild und Wachstumsintensität variierten beträchtlich mit den Testorganismen. An den Itraconazolbehandelton Proben wurde ein Hemmeffekt beobachtet. Die Stärke dieser Hemmung war jedoch höher, als nach Itraconazol‐MHK‐Bestimmung zu erwarten war. Aus den Ergebnissen wird geschlossen, daß einige nicht keratinophile Schimmelpilze mit medizinischer Relevanz auf menschlichem Stratum corneum Hyphen zu bilden vermögen. Ein solcher Prozeß wird jedoch teilweise durch noch unbekannte Mechanismen behindert, die im Stratum corneum selbst begründet sind. Eine zusätzliche Hemmung wird durch die orale Aufnahme von Itraconazol bewirkt.
Colorimetric MTT assessment of antifungal activity of D0870 against fluconazole‐resistant Candida albicans: Kolorimetrischer MTT‐Test zum Nachweis antimyzetischer Aktivität von D0870 gegen Fluconazol‐resistente Candida albicans‐Stämme
Authors: Yang H.‐C. , Mikami Y. , Yazawa K. , Taguchi H. , Nishimura K. , Miyaji M. , Branchini Maria Luisa Morettet , Aoki F. H. , Yamamoto K. 
Published: July 2010

Summary. The in vitro antifungal activity of D0870 against eight isolates of fluconazoleresistant Candida albicans was compared with that of itraconazole, ketoconazole and miconazole. The colorimetric MTT [3‐(4,5‐dimethyl‐2‐thiazolyl)‐2,5‐diphenyl‐2H tetrazolium bromide] assay was used to assess the antifungal activities. The 50% minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC50) of D0870 was below 0.031 μg ml‐1 for seven isolates and 0.25 μg ml‐1 for one isolate. The activity of D0870 was superior to that of the other azoles. Ketoconazole was the most effective azole next to D0870. Therefore, the new bis‐triazole, D0870, is expected to be promising for the therapy of fluconazole‐resistant candidosis. The present data also confirmed that the MTT assay may be useful for evaluation of resistance and detection of resistant C. albicans.Zusammenfassung. Die in votro‐Aktivität von D0870 gegen 8 Fluconazol‐resistente Candida albicans‐Isolate wurde mit der von Itraconazol, Ketoconazol und Miconazol verlichen. Hierzu wurde der kolorimetrische MTT‐Assay [3‐(4,5‐dimethyl‐2‐thiazolyl)‐2,5‐diphenyl‐2H Tetrazoliumbromid] eingesetzt. Die 50%‐MHK von D0870 lag unter 0.031 μg ml‐1 bei 7 Isolaten und 0.25 μg ml‐1 bei einem Isolat. Die D0870‐Aktivität war der der anderen Azole überlegen. Nächst dem D0870 erwies sich Ketoconazol als am wirksamsten. Das neue Bis‐Triazol D0870 wird daher als vielversprechend zur Therapie Fluconazol‐resistenter Candidosen angesehen. Die Ergebnisse bestätigen überdies, daß der MTT‐Assay zur Resistenzbewertung und zum Auffinden resistenter C. albicans‐Stämme nutzbringend eingesetzt werden kann.
Imidazole‐induced morphological abnormalities of mitochondria of Candida albicans: Imidazol‐induzierte morphologische Anomalien an Mitochondrien von Candida albicans
Authors: Yang H.‐C. , Taguchi H. , Nishimura K. , Miyaji M. 
Published: July 2010

Summary. The mitochondrial morphology of live Candida albicans samples treated with several imidazoles (miconazole, econazole and clotrimazole) was observed with a fluorescent carbocyanine probe, 3,3′‐dihexyloxacarbocyanine [diO‐C6‐(3)], under a fluorescence microscope. Nearly all non‐treated C. albicans cells carried only long tubular mitochondria. Treatment with antimycotics at half the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC100) rapidly induced mitochondrial cleavage or fragmentation, which was followed by recovery to the normal tubular morphology within 1 h. Exposing the yeast to drugs at concentrations higher than the MICs resulted in the development of swollen mitochondria or amorphous bodies. These phenomena were concentration dependent. The fluorescence images were also compared with ultrastructural images obtained by transmission electron microscopy.Zusammenfassung. Die Mitochondrien‐Morphologie von Candida albicans, die mit mehreren Imidazolen (Miconazol, Econazol und Clotrimazol) behandelt worden waren, wurde mittels Fluoreszenzmikroskopie (Carbocyanin) vitaluntersucht. Nahezu alle Zellen von nicht‐behandelter C. albicans besaßen längliche, tubuläre Mitochondrien. Die Behandlung mit Antimykotika in halber MHK‐Konzentration induzierte bei den Mitochondrien schnell eintretende Spaltung oder Fragmentierung, gefolgt von schneller Wiederherstellung der normalen tubulären Morphologie innerhalb einer Stunde. Wurde die Hefe höheren Azol‐Konzentrationen als MHK‐Konzentrationen ausgesetzt, zeigten sich geschwollene Mitochondrien oder amorphe Gebilde. Diese Phänomene waren abhängig von der Antimykotika‐Konzentration. Die Fluoreszenz‐Befunde wurden mit transmissionselektronenmikroskopischen Ultrastrukturbefunden verglichen.
Isozyme variation within and among populations of Microsporum species: Isoenzym‐Variationen innerhalb und zwischen Populationen von Microsporum‐Arten
Authors: Simpanya M. F. , Jarvis B. D. W. , Baxter M. 
Published: July 2010

Summary. Isozyme variation among 54 isolates of Microsporum canis, 18 Microsporum cookei isolates and two Diheterospora isolates were studied using starch gel electrophoresis. Of eight enzymes examined, four were polymorphic (EST, G6P, MDH and PEP), having from two to four electrophoretic forms. Within each species, consistent and reproducible isozyme patterns of the eight enzyme systems were obtained. Phenotypic diversity (H) in M. canis was higher than in M. cookei (H= 0.459 and H= 0.408 respectively), but phenotypic differentiation of M. canis isolates from different geographical regions (Auckland, Wellington and Palmerston North, New Zealand) was low, with a proportion of total diversity (Gst) of 0.151 found among the localities. The results suggest that the isolates of M. canis from different geographical regions are closely related, supporting the theory of a common lineage.Zusammenfassung. Die Isoenzymvariationen zwischen 54 Microsporum canis‐, 18 Microsporum cookei‐ und 2 Diheterospora‐Isolaten wurden mittels Stärkegelelektrophorese untersucht. Unter 8 geprüften Enzymen erwiesen sich 4 als polymorph mit 2–4 elektrophoretischen Varianten. Innerhalb jeder Art wurden übereinstimmende und reproduzierbare Isoenzymmuster der 8 Enzymsysteme beobachtet. Die phänotypische Vielfalt war in M. canis höher als in M. cookei. Die phünotypische Differenzierung von M. conis‐Isolaten aus unterschiedlichen geographischen Regionen (Auckland, Wellington und Palmerston North, Neuseeland) war gering. Die Ergebnisse lassen erkennen, daß die M. canis‐Isolate aus unterschiedlichen geographischen Regionen eng miteinander verwandt sind, was die Theorie gemeinsamer Abstammung stützt.
Antifungal activity of Indian plant extracts: Antimyzetische Aktivität indischer Pflanzenextrakte
Authors: Dutta B. K. , Rahman I. , Das T. K. 
Published: July 2010

Summary. In vitro studies of water extracts of plants such as Terminalia chebula, Punica granatum, Delonix regia and Emblica officinalis were found to be detrimental to test dermatophytes.Zusammenfassung. Test‐Dermatophyten erwiesen sich als schadempfindlich gegenüber wässrigen Extrakten indischer Pflanzen wie Terminalia chebula, Punica granatum, Delonix regia und Emblica officinalis.
Noninvasive Assessment of Tissue Heating During Cardiac Radiofrequency Ablation Using MRI Thermography
Authors: Kolandaivelu Aravindan , Zviman Menekhem M. , Castro Valeria , Lardo Albert C. , Berger Ronald D. , Halperin Henry R. 
Published: July 2010

Background—
Failure to achieve properly localized, permanent tissue destruction is a common cause of arrhythmia recurrence after cardiac ablation. Current methods of assessing lesion size and location during cardiac radiofrequency ablation are unreliable or not suited for repeated assessment during the procedure. MRI thermography could be used to delineate permanent ablation lesions because tissue heating above 50°C is the cause of permanent tissue destruction during radiofrequency ablation. However, image artifacts caused by cardiac motion, the ablation electrode, and radiofrequency ablation currently pose a challenge to MRI thermography in the heart. In the current study, we sought to demonstrate the feasibility of MRI thermography during cardiac ablation.

Methods and Results—
An MRI-compatible electrophysiology catheter and filtered radiofrequency ablation system was used to perform ablation in the left ventricle of 6 mongrel dogs in a 1.5-T MRI system. Fast gradient-echo imaging was performed before and during radiofrequency ablation, and thermography images were derived from the preheating and postheating images. Lesion extent by thermography was within 20% of the gross pathology lesion.

Conclusions—
MR thermography appears to be a promising technique for monitoring lesion formation and may allow for more accurate placement and titration of ablation, possibly reducing arrhythmia recurrences.
Left-to-Right Atrial Inward Rectifier Potassium Current Gradients in Patients With Paroxysmal Versus Chronic Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Voigt Niels , Trausch Anne , Knaut Michael , Matschke Klaus , Varró András , Van Wagoner David R. , Nattel Stanley , Ravens Ursula , Dobrev Dobromir 
Published: July 2010

Background—

Recent evidence suggests that atrial fibrillation (AF) is maintained by high-frequency reentrant sources with a left-to-right–dominant frequency gradient, particularly in patients with paroxysmal AF (pAF). Unequal left-to-right distribution of inward rectifier K
+
currents has been suggested to underlie this dominant frequency gradient, but this hypothesis has never been tested in humans.

Methods and Results—

Currents were measured with whole-cell voltage-clamp in cardiomyocytes from right atrial (RA) and left (LA) atrial appendages of patients in sinus rhythm (SR) and patients with AF undergoing cardiac surgery. Western blot was used to quantify protein expression of I
K1
(Kir2.1 and Kir2.3) and I
K,ACh
(Kir3.1 and Kir3.4) subunits. Basal current was ≈2-fold larger in chronic AF (cAF) versus SR patients, without RA-LA differences. In pAF, basal current was ≈2-fold larger in LA versus RA, indicating a left-to-right atrial gradient. In both atria, Kir2.1 expression was ≈2-fold greater in cAF but comparable in pAF versus SR. Kir2.3 levels were unchanged in cAF and RA-pAF but showed a 51% decrease in LA-pAF. In SR, carbachol-activated (2 μmol/L) I
K,ACh
was 70% larger in RA versus LA. This right-to-left atrial gradient was decreased in pAF and cAF caused by reduced I
K,ACh
in RA only. Similarly, in SR, Kir3.1 and Kir3.4 proteins were greater in RA versus LA and decreased in RA of pAF and cAF. Kir3.1 and Kir3.4 expression was unchanged in LA of pAF and cAF.

Conclusions—
Our results support the hypothesis that a left-to-right gradient in inward rectifier background current contributes to high-frequency sources in LA that maintain pAF. These findings have potentially important implications for development of atrial-selective therapeutic approaches.
Educational Needs of Patients Undergoing Total Joint Arthroplasty
Authors: Soever Leslie J. , MacKay Crystal , Saryeddine Tina , Davis Aileen M. , Flannery John F. , Jaglal Susan B. , Levy Charissa , Mahomed Nizar 
Published: July 2010

Purpose: To identify the educational needs of adults who undergo total hip and total knee replacement surgery. Methods: A qualitative research design using a semi-standardized interviewing method was employed. A purposive sampling technique was used to recruit participants, who were eligible if they were scheduled to undergo total hip or total knee replacement or had undergone total hip or total knee replacement in the previous 3 to 6 months. A comparative contrast method of analysis was used. Results: Of 22 potential participants who were approached, 15 participated. Five were booked for upcoming total hip or total knee replacement and 10 had undergone at least one total hip or total knee replacement in the previous 3 to 6 months. Several themes related to specific educational needs and factors affecting educational needs, including access, preoperative phase, surgery and medical recovery, rehabilitation process and functional recovery, fears, and expectations counterbalanced with responsibility, emerged from the interviews. Conclusions: Educational needs of adults who undergo total hip and knee replacement surgery encompass a broad range of topics, confirming the importance of offering an all-inclusive information package regarding total hip and total knee replacement.
Physical Therapy Management for Adult Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery: A Canadian Practice Survey
Authors: Overend Tom J. , Anderson Cathy M. , Jackson Jennifer , Lucy S. Deborah , Prendergast Monique , Sinclair Susanne 
Published: July 2010

Purpose: To determine current Canadian physical therapy practice for adult patients requiring routine care following cardiac surgery. Methods: A telephone survey was conducted of a selected sample (n=18) of Canadian hospitals performing cardiac surgery to determine cardiorespiratory care, mobility, exercises, and education provided to patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Results: An average of 21 cardiac surgeries per week (range: 6–42) were performed, with an average length of stay of 6.4 days (range: 4.0–10.6). Patients were seen preoperatively at 7 of 18 sites and on postoperative day 1 (POD-1) at 16 of 18 sites. On POD-1, 16 sites performed deep breathing and coughing, 7 used incentive spirometers, 13 did upper-extremity exercises, and 12 did lower-extremity exercises. Nine sites provided cardiorespiratory treatment on POD-3. On POD-1, patients were dangled at 17 sites and mobilized out of bed at 13. By POD-3, patients ambulated 50–120 m per session 2–5 times per day. Sternal precautions were variable, but the lifting limit was reported as ranging between 5 lb and 10 lb. Conclusions: Canadian physical therapists reported the provision of cardiorespiratory treatment after POD-1. According to current available evidence, this level of care may be unnecessary for uncomplicated patients following cardiac surgery. In addition, some sites provide cardiorespiratory treatment techniques that are not supported by evidence in the literature. Further research is required.
Discharge from Outpatient Orthopaedic Physiotherapy: A Qualitative Descriptive Study of Physiotherapists' Practices
Authors: Pashley Emilie , Powers Ashley , McNamee Nicole , Buivids Rachel , Piccinin JoAnne , Gibson Barbara E. 
Published: July 2010

Purpose: To describe the clinical and contextual factors that influence physiotherapists' discharge decision-making processes in outpatient orthopaedic settings. Methods: The study used a descriptive qualitative design that included three key-informant interviews and two focus groups (n=7) of orthopaedic physiotherapists (total n=10) working in the Greater Toronto Area. Interviews and focus groups followed a semi-structured interview guide that included questions pertaining to participants' discharge decision-making processes, salient contextual factors, and challenges. Data were coded and analyzed for emerging categories and themes using constant comparison techniques and group analyses. Results: Participants indicated that a combination of factors and strategies were brought to bear on discharge decision making but that the process changed with clinical experience. Over time, further emphasis was attributed to the patient's role in his or her rehabilitation, and self-management goals were increasingly promoted. Experience affected how therapists conceptualized their roles in discharge decisions and how they negotiated goals with patients. Conclusions: Discharge decision making is a complex process that requires integrating numerous factors and negotiating with patients. Physiotherapists' decision-making practices evolve with experience and reveal the complexity of implementing models of “client-centred care” in practice. Further research is needed to explore these findings in other settings.
Effect of Anterior Tibiofemoral Glides on Knee Extension during Gait in Patients with Decreased Range of Motion after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Hunt Michael A. , Di Ciacca Stephen R. , Jones Ian C. , Padfield Beverley , Birmingham Trevor B. 
Published: July 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this preliminary investigation was to evaluate the effect of anterior tibiofemoral glides on maximal knee extension and selected spatiotemporal characteristics during gait in patients with knee extension deficits after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Methods: Twelve patients with knee-extension deficits after recent ACL reconstructions underwent quantitative gait analyses immediately before and after 10 minutes of repeated anterior tibiofemoral glides on the operative limb, and again after a 10-minute seated rest period. Results: Maximum knee extension during stance phase of the operative limb significantly increased immediately after the treatment (mean increase: 2.0°±4.1°, 95% CI: 0.6°–3.3°). Maximum knee extension decreased after the 10-minute rest period (mean decrease: 0.9°±1.8°, 95% CI: −0.1°–1.8°), although the decrease was not statistically significant. Small increases in operative limb step length, stride length, and gait speed were observed after the rest period compared to baseline values only. Conclusions: A single session of anterior tibiofemoral glides increases maximal knee extension during the stance phase of gait in patients with knee-extension deficits. Increases in knee extension are small and short-lived, however, suggesting that continued activity is required to maintain the observed improvements.
ChemInform Abstract: On Phase Equilibria and Crystal Structures in the Systems Ce—Pd—B and Yb—Pd—B. Physical Properties of R2Pd13.6B5 (R: Yb, Lu).
Authors: Sologub Oksana , Rogl Peter , Salamakha Leonid , Bauer Ernst , Hilscher Gerfried , Michor Herwig , Gieser Gerald 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe 850 °C isothermal sections of the title systems are characterized by powder and single crystal XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: Li3V(MoO4)3: A New Material for Both Li Extraction and Insertion.
Authors: Mikhailova D. , Sarapulova A. , Voss A. , Thomas A. , Oswald S. , Gruner W. , Trots D. M. , Bramnik N. N. , Ehrenberg H. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe title compound is prepared from stoichiometric mixtures of Li2MoO4, MoO3, and V2O3 (Ar, silica tube, 813 K, 30 h) and characterized by single crystal XRD, electrochemical measurements, XPS, and magnetic measurements.
ChemInform Abstract: Polar Hexagonal Tungsten Oxide (HTO) Materials: (1) Synthesis, Characterization, Functional Properties, and Structure—Property Relationships in A2(MoO3)3(SeO3) (A: Rb+ and Tl+) and (2) Classification, Structural Distortions, and Second‐Harmonic Generating Properties of Known Polar HTOs.
Authors: Chang Hong Youn , Kim Sun Woo , Halasyamani P. Shiv 
Published: July 2010

AbstractCrystals of the title compounds are prepared from mixtures of MoO3, A2CO3 (A: Rb, Tl), SeO2, and H2O (autoclave, 230 °C, 3 d, 50% and 80% yields for the Rb and Tl compounds, respectively).
ChemInform Abstract: Polarity and Chirality in Uranyl Borates: Insights into Understanding the Vitrification of Nuclear Waste and the Development of Nonlinear Optical Materials.
Authors: Wang Shuao , Alekseev Evgeny V. , Ling Jie , Liu Guokui , Depmeier Wulf , Albrecht‐Schmitt Thomas E. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe compounds (IV—VII) and (IX—XII) are synthesized with various Na(Tl):U:B molar ratios using H3BO3 as a reactive flux, and their structures are determined by single crystal XRD.