bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute-Phase Neurofilament Light and Glial Fibrillary Acidic Proteins in Cerebrospinal Fluid Predict Long-Term Outcome After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Andersson Emma , Öst Martin , Dalla Keti , Zetterberg Henrik , Blennow Kaj , Nellgård Bengt 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
This study investigated trajectory profiles and the association of concentrations of the biomarkers neurofilament light (NfL) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in ventricular cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with clinical outcome at 1 year and 10–15 years after a severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI).

Methods
This study included patients with sTBI at the Neurointensive Care Unit at Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden. The injury was regarded as severe if patients had a Glasgow Coma Scale ≤ 8 corresponding to Reaction Level Scale ≥ 4. CSF was collected from a ventricular catheter during a 2-week period. Concentrations of NfL and GFAP in CSF were analyzed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) was used to assess the 1-year and 10–15-year outcomes. After adjustment for age and previous neurological diseases, logistic regression was performed for the outcomes GOS 1 (dead) or GOS 2–5 (alive) and GOS 1–3 (poor) or GOS 4–5 (good) versus the independent continuous variables (NfL and GFAP).

Results
Fifty-three patients with sTBI were investigated; forty-seven adults are presented in the article, and six children (aged 7–18 years) are described in Supplement 1. The CSF concentrations of NfL gradually increased over 2 weeks post trauma, whereas GFAP concentrations peaked on days 3–4. Increasing NfL and GFAP CSF concentrations increased the odds of GOS 1–3 outcome 1 year after trauma (odds ratio [OR] 1.73, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.07–2.80, p = 0.025; and OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.09–2.37, p = 0.016, respectively). Similarly, increasing CSF concentrations of NfL and GFAP increased the odds for GOS 1–3 outcome 10–15 years after trauma (OR 2.04, 95% CI 1.05–3.96, p = 0.035; and OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.02–2.00, p = 0.040).

Conclusions
This study shows that initial high concentrations of NfL and GFAP in CSF are both associated with higher odds for GOS 1–3 outcome 1 year and 10–15 years after an sTBI, implicating its potential usage as a prognostic marker in the future.
Adenotonsillectomy Versus Watchful Waiting for Children with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis
Authors: Tsikopoulos Alexios , Tsikopoulos Konstantinos , Dilmperis Fotios , Anastasiadou Sofia , Garefis Konstantinos , Fountarlis Athanasios , Triaridis Stefanos 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe treatment of children with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) remains a point of debate among otorhinolaryngologists worldwide. This study aims to comparatively assess the clinical outcomes of adenotonsillectomy (ATE) and watchful waiting in children with OSAS. We searched the databases of PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), until the 1st of October 2023. Comparative trials assessing the efficacy of adenotonsillectomy and watchful waiting in children with OSAS were considered. The primary outcome measure was the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), and secondary outcomes included quality of life as measured by OSA-18 score, and mean SpO2 levels. A subgroup analysis evaluating the changes in AHI depending on the severity of the initial disease was also executed. We conducted a random-effects pairwise meta-analysis of change scores to include randomized and non-randomized controlled trials. The quality assessment was carried out by using the Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomized and the ROBINS-I tool for non-randomized trials, respectively. Two randomized and five non-randomized trials were included. There was a statistically significant difference regarding AHI in favor of the ATE group compared to the watchful waiting group (Standardized mean difference [SMD] was − 0.60, 95%CI −0.79 to −0.41, p < 0.001). Likewise, a statistically significant decrease in change scores for OSA-18 between ATE and watchful waiting was noted (SMD was − 0.79, 95%CI −0.97 to −0.61, p < 0.001). On the other hand, there was no significant difference when ATE and watchful waiting groups were compared for SpO2 levels between each other (SMD was 0.52, 95%CI −1.53 to 2.56, p < 0.62). In the subgroup analysis assessing mild OSAS, there was a significant difference in favor of ATE compared to watchful waiting (SMD was −0.91, 95%CI −1.35 to −0.47, p < 0.0001). For mild to moderate OSAS, similar results were noted favoring ATE as well (SMD was − 0.53, 95%CI −0.87 to −0.19, p < 0.003). This study provides evidence of moderate strength supporting the superiority of ATE over the watchful waiting approach in terms of AHI and OSA-18. This also appears to be the case for AHI in children with mild and mild to moderate OSAS.
Tertiary lymphoid structures as a potential prognostic biomarker for combined hepatocellular–cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Gong Wenchen , Zhang Su , Tian Xiangdong , Chen Wenshuai , He Yuchao , Chen Liwei , Ding Tingting , Ren Peiqi , Shi Lin , Wu Qiang , Sun Yan , Chen Lu , Guo Hua 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Combined hepatocellular–cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC–CCA), as a rare primary hepatic tumor, is challenging to accurately assess in terms of the clinical outcomes and prognostic risk factors in patients. This study aimed to clarify the function of tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS) status in predicting the outcome of cHCC–CCA and to preliminarily explore the possible mechanism of TLS formation.

Methods
The TLSs, with different spatial distributions and densities, of 137 cHCC–CCA were quantified, and their association with prognosis was assessed by Cox regression and Kaplan–Meier analyses. We further validated TLS possible efficacy in predicting immunotherapy responsiveness in two cHCC–CCA case reports. TLS composition and its relationship to CXCL12 expression were analysed by fluorescent multiplex immunohistochemistry.

Results
A high intratumoural TLS score was correlated with prolonged survival, whereas a high TLS density in adjacent tissue indicated a worse prognosis in cHCC–CCA. Mature TLSs were related to favorable outcomes and showed more CD8 + T cells infiltrating tumor tissues. We further divided the cHCC–CCA patients into four immune grades by combining the peri-TLS and intra-TLS, and these grades were an independent prognostic factor. In addition, our reported cases suggested a potential value of TLS in predicting immunotherapy response in cHCC–CCA patients. Our findings suggested that CXCL12 expression in cHCC–CCA tissue was significantly correlated with TLS presence.

Conclusion
The spatial distribution and density of TLSs revealing the characteristics of the cHCC–CCA immune microenvironment, significantly correlated with prognosis and provided a potential immunotherapy response biomarker for cHCC–CCA.
Understanding the Remplissage: History, Biomechanics, Outcomes, and Current Indications
Authors: Freshman Ryan , Lurie Benjamin , Garcia Grant , Liu Joseph 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Arthroscopic remplissage has continued to gain popularity as an adjunct to Bankart repair for patients with anterior shoulder instability. Although the original remplissage technique was described over 15 years ago, our understanding of when and how to use this procedure continues to evolve. This article provides a review of how remplissage affects shoulder biomechanics, compares clinical outcomes between remplissage and other procedures for shoulder instability, and discusses current indications for remplissage.

Recent Findings
Current research focuses on the use of remplissage across a wide range of glenoid bone loss. Remplissage appears effective at preventing recurrent instability in patients with glenoid bone loss up to 15% of the glenoid width. However, once glenoid bone exceeds 15%, outcomes tend to favor bony reconstruction procedures such as Latarjet. Results of biomechanical studies examining shoulder range of motion (ROM) after remplissage are mixed, though clinical studies tend to report no significant limitations in ROM when remplissage is added to a Bankart repair.

Summary
Adding a remplissage to conventional Bankart repair may improve clinical outcomes and lower rates of recurrent instability without significantly altering shoulder ROM. However, surgeons should recognize its limitations in treating patients with large amounts of glenoid bone loss and should be prepared to discuss alternative procedures on a case-by-case basis. Absolute indications and contraindications for remplissage are not well defined currently and require further scientific research.
Deep Learning-Based Acoustic Emission Signal Filtration Model in Reinforced Concrete
Authors: Inderyas Omair , Alver Ninel , Tayfur Sena , Shimamoto Yuma , Suzuki Tetsuya 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Acoustic emission is a nondestructive testing (NDT) technique, widely used to monitor the condition of structures for safety reasons especially in real time. The method utilizes the electrical signals generated by the elastic waves in a material under load to detect and locate damage in structures. However, identifying the sources of AE signals in concrete or composite materials can be challenging due to the anisotropic properties of materials and interpreting a large amount of AE data, leading to data misinterpretation and inaccurate detection of damage. Hence, the need for filtering out noise-induced signals from recorded data and emphasizing the actual AE source is crucial for monitoring and source localization of damage in real time. This study proposed a one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN) deep learning approach to filter around 22,000 AE data in a reinforced concrete (RC) beam. The model utilizes significant AE parameters identified through neighborhood component analysis (NCA) to classify true AE signals from noise-induced signals. By using the optimized network parameters, a high classification accuracy of 97% and 96.29% was achieved during the training and testing phases, respectively. To check the reliability of the proposed AE filtering model in the real world, it was evaluated and verified using source location AE activities collected during a four-point bending test on a shear-deficient beam. The outcomes suggest that the proposed AE filtration model has the potential to accurately classify AE signals with an accuracy of 92.8% and proved that the filtration model provides accurate and valuable insight into source location determination.
SMA Film-Based Elastocaloric Cooling Devices
Authors: Xu Jingyuan , Bruederlin Florian , Bumke Lars , Ossmer Hinnerk , Quandt Eckhard , Miyazaki Shuichi , Kohl Manfred 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe ongoing trend of miniaturization and increasing power density in miniaturized systems demand for active temperature control and cooling. The cooling technologies utilized today depend on environmentally harmful substances or are bound to low efficiencies. This leads to an urgent need for innovative cooling technologies that are both environmentally friendly and efficient. This report focuses on shape memory alloy (SMA) film-based elastocaloric (eC) cooling, as SMA films exhibit a large eC effect and enable efficient heat transfer through solid-to-solid contact due to their large surface-to-volume ratio. Among the different material candidates, TiNiCuCo films are of special interest due to their ultra-low fatigue properties and small hysteresis. Single-stage SMA film-based eC devices reach a device temperature span up to 14 K combined with a high specific cooling capacity of up to 19 W g−1. However, absolute cooling capacities in the small-scale device are limited to 220 mW and the device temperature span already reaches the adiabatic limit of the used SMA film. To overcome the limitations in cooling capacity and device temperature span, novel advanced device architectures are explored. A parallelized cooling device combining the eC effect of five SMA films is engineered to increase the absolute cooling capacity up to 900 mW, while it preserves the high specific cooling capacity unique to SMA film-based cooling devices. A cascaded eC cooling device is developed, which consists of a serial arrangement of three SMA films. In this case, the device temperature span is increased beyond the adiabatic limit of a single film to 27.3 K. These results provide a basis for next-generation SMA film-based eC cooling technology.
Endometrial Elasticity is an Ultrasound Marker for Predicting Clinical Pregnancy Outcomes after Embryo Transfer
Authors: Zhang Lin-lin , Huang Shuo , Wang Li-ying , Wang Yuan-yuan , Lu Shan , Li Rong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Endometrial elasticity is a potential new marker for assessing endometrial receptivity and pregnancy outcomes based on endometrial thickness and type. Currently, little research has been conducted on the elasticity of the endometrium using shear wave elasticity imaging (SWEI). This study aimed to explore whether endometrial elasticity is an ultrasound marker for predicting clinical pregnancy outcomes after embryo transfer. A total of 245 infertile women underwent ultrasonography before embryo transfer at the Peking University Third Hospital. We compared the endometrial elasticity and sub-endometrial blood flow rate using SWEI in the groups with different pregnancy outcomes. Trends in clinical pregnancy outcomes across the quartiles of endometrial elasticity in the fundus of the uterus (E1) were assessed. Logistic regression analysis was performed to obtain odds ratios for clinical pregnancy outcomes based on the quartiles of E1, with or without adjusting for potential confounding variables. Women in the clinical pregnancy group had higher E1 values and sub-endometrial blood flow rates in the uterine fundus than those in the non-pregnancy group. Women in the highest quartile of E1 had the most favorable clinical pregnancy rates. Endometrial elasticity measured using SWEI is a promising ultrasound marker for predicting clinical pregnancy outcomes after embryo transfer.
“Show, Don’t Tell”: Pious Visual Culture in Pakistani Dramas
Authors: Montpellier Elliot Marcel 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis article explores how the Pakistan television drama industry mediates collective notions of piety through visual registers. Explicit religious discourse is tightly regulated in the industry, and producers themselves often disavow producing religious content. However, the leakiness of production practices generates religious visual idioms that are transparently circulated and taken up by audiences. Drawing from ethnographic fieldwork in Karachi with production teams in this culture industry, I argue that dramas are a central yet overlooked feature of religious publics’ formations in the digitalizing Pakistani mediascape. Focus on religious media in the anthropology of Islam has treated publics as mostly engaged with traditional sources of authority. Attending to scenes from three popular dramas—Meri Zaat Zarra-e-Benishan (2009), Shehr-e-Zaat (2012), and Khaani (2017)—elucidates how visuality is a central facet of how cross-media interactions enregister piety. Observations of cinematographic negotiations and reflections by creators on the ambiguity and efficacy of pious visuality contextualize how religious scenes in these productions come together. While the visuality of prayer scenes across these dramas emphasizes private personal piety, tracing how these images are scripted, depicted, and circulated online offers insights into how religious digital publics are shaped in contemporary Pakistan.
Corpus-based dialectometry with topic models
Authors: Kuparinen Olli , Scherrer Yves 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a topic modeling approach to corpus-based dialectometry. Topic models are most often used in text mining to find latent structure in a collection of documents. They are based on the idea that frequently co-occurring words present the same underlying topic. In this study, topic models are used on interview transcriptions containing dialectal speech directly, without any annotations or preselected features. The transcriptions are modeled on complete words, on character n-grams, and after automatical segmentation. Data from three languages, Finnish, Norwegian, and Swiss German, are scrutinized. The proposed method is capable of discovering clear dialectal differences in all three datasets, while reflecting the differences between them. The method provides a significant simplification of the dialectometric workflow, simultaneously saving time and increasing objectivity. Using the method on non-normalized data could also benefit text mining, which is the traditional field of topic modeling.
Artistic Forms of Shaping Ukrainian National Identity by Leon Getz
Authors: Wierzejska Jagoda 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The article deals with the phenomenon of shaping Ukrainian national identity in artistic works of autobiographical nature, created at the time of life crisis and oppressive sociopolitical situation, using Leon Getz as an example. Getz (1896–1971) was a painter who was raised in a Polish-Ukrainian family in Lviv but made a decision to identify nationally with the Ukrainian minority, oppressed both in pre- and postwar Poland. After WWII, he was subjected to surveillance by the Polish Security Office because of his Ukrainian identification. That led him and his wife (also a Ukrainian) to attempt suicide—unsuccessful in the case of the artist, fatal in the case of his wife. Getz wrote down his memoirs twice: the first time in the 1930s, the second time after his wife’s death in the 1950s. The first memoirs expressed his loneliness in an environment dominated by Poles, and they were drawn up openly, though for the author’s needs only. The second memoirs presented his personal tragedy and were kept in secret because the Security Office sought to intercept Getz’s notes as documents incriminating the officers. However, the author hoped to make the text public in the future. The subject of the analysis is constituted by memoirs read in the context of the artist’s other personal documents and works. They present the formation of his Ukrainian national identity as the chosen one and at the same time as the one that, in his opinion, was related to his and his wife’s tragedy. I interpret these memoirs in two different but complimentary ways: first, as life writing at the time of a man’s personal life crisis and, second, as life writing in a situation of oppression by the authoritarian and after WWII totalitarian state, under surveillance by the Security Office, whose moves put the very subjectivity of an individual in crisis. Both interpretations highlight the process of building Getz’s self-identification not as a discovered preexisting nationality, but as a deliberate—and nonobvious—choice of national path. The article is based on Getz’s unpublished memoirs and works, which are held in archives in Cracow (Poland) and Rome (Italy).
Presidential Discourses on Regionalism in Azerbaijan: Turkic Solidarity and the Silk Road
Authors: Guliyev Farid 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Drawing on theories of comparative regionalism, this article examines the construction of regionalist frames in Azerbaijan covering the period from 1993 to mid-2023. By examining more than 60 text passages from presidential speeches and statements, the study identifies two framings of regionalism that have dominated presidential discourses in Azerbaijan: the discourse of Turkic solidarity or unity (in the political-security domain) and the narrative of an East-West corridor or the revival of the Silk Road for transport of cargo and hydrocarbon resources (in the economic domain). By constructing these discursive frames, Azerbaijani state leaders crafted an alternative regional order reconstituting the geographic category of “South Caucasus” into a new, spatially broader area. In this formulation, “South Caucasus” is viewed as a central pillar of the Silk Road, and Azerbaijan as one of its focal points or nodes. While the study underscores a key role that actors and ideas play in the formation of regions and regional institutions, it also highlights how social construction of regional identities is embedded in and shaped by historical experiences and country-specific political-economic conditions such as historical memories, experiences of war, collective identities and cultural affinities, geographic location, domestic political economic structures, and international linkages.
Systematics and paleobiogeography of Quaternary corals from Cabo Verde Archipelago
Authors: Reeb Anne-Sophie , Rebelo Ana Cristina , Ramalho Ricardo S. , Madeira José , Rasser Michael W. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAlthough true coral reefs have seldom been reported from the fossil record of the Cabo Verde Archipelago, many single fossil corals and coral colonies can be found reworked in tsunami deposits and in raised marine terraces onshore on these islands. This study provides the first detailed survey of fossil corals from 7 of the 10 islands of the archipelago, sampled from Pleistocene marine terraces and tsunami deposits. A total of 168 scleractinian corals were analyzed and identified to genus and/or species level. Thirteen taxa from the families Acroporidae, Dendrophylliidae, Faviidae, Pocilloporidae, Poritidae, and Rhizangiidae were identified. The zooxanthellate fossil corals found on the Cape Verde Archipelago likely migrated from the Caribbean to the West African coast, while azooxanthellate species likely originated from the Indo-Pacific. Differences between present-day coral assemblages and fossil assemblages are assumed to result from changing environmental factors. Although reef-building taxa occur (e.g., Porites), extensive reef frameworks are absent.
A TROPICAL ANALOGUE OF THE LEMMA ON THE LOGARITHMIC DERIVATIVE
Authors: HALONEN JUHO 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe tropical analogue of the lemma on the logarithmic derivative is generalised for noncontinuous tropical meromorphic functions, that is, piecewise linear functions that may have discontinuities. In addition, two Borel type results are generalised for piecewise continuous functions. With the generalisation of the tropical analogue of the lemma on the logarithmic derivative, several tropical analogues of Clunie and Mohon’ko type results are also automatically generalised for noncontinuous tropical meromorphic functions.