bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceptions and factors influencing exercise interventions in elderly patients with debilitating spinal surgery and healthcare professionals: A qualitative study
Authors: Cheng Rong-Rong , Li Rui 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND
Older spine surgery patients have a high incidence of debilitation, which can be managed with certain exercises.
AIM
To investigate the current status and influencing factors related to the knowledge of exercise intervention among patients and professionals.
METHODS
Descriptive research methods were used to classify and summarize patients and professionals’ perceptions and factors affecting exercise interventions. Data were analysed using the Colaizzi seven-step analysis method to distill and refine themes.
RESULTS
A total of 7 themes were identified: (1) The current status of patients' exercise is unsatisfactory; (2) patients' health literacy is low, coupled with a lack of social and family support; (3) there are numerous challenges with systematic exercise interventions; (4) healthcare professionals acknowledge the importance and need for exercise interventions; (5) there's a pronounced willingness among patients to participate in exercise intervention programs; (6) healthcare professionals believe that exercise interventions are beneficial; and (7) participants offered invaluable insights and suggestions on perioperative exercise during spinal surgery.
CONCLUSION
To investigate the current status and influencing factors related to the knowledge of exercise intervention among patients and the related healthcare professionals to provide a reference for the construction of exercise management programs for these patients.
Secondary diabetes due to different etiologies: Four case reports
Authors: Song Wen-Rong , Xu Xiao-Hong , Li Jia , Yu Jia , Li Yan-Xiong 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND
As research on diabetes continues to advance, more complex classifications of this disease have emerged, revealing the existence of special types of diabetes, and many of these patients are prone to misdiagnosis and underdiagnosis, leading to treatment delays and increased health care costs. The purpose of this study was to identify four causes of secondary diabetes.
CASE SUMMARY
Secondary diabetes can be caused by various factors, some of which are often overlooked. These factors include genetic defects, autoimmune disorders, and diabetes induced by tumours. This paper describes four types of secondary diabetes caused by Williams–Beuren syndrome, Prader–Willi syndrome, pituitary adenoma, and IgG4-related diseases. These cases deviate significantly from the typical progression of the disease due to their low incidence and rarity, often leading to their neglect in clinical practice. In comparison to regular diabetes patients, the four individuals described here exhibited distinct characteristics. Standard hypoglycaemic treatments failed to effectively control the disease. Subsequently, a series of examinations and follow-up history confirmed the diagnosis and underlying cause of diabetes. Upon addressing the primary condition, such as excising a pituitary adenoma, providing glucocorticoid supplementation, and implementing symptomatic treatments, all patients experienced a considerable decrease in blood glucose levels, which were subsequently maintained within a stable range. Furthermore, other accompanying symptoms improved.
CONCLUSION
Rare diseases causing secondary diabetes are often not considered in the diagnosis of diabetes. Therefore, it is crucial to conduct genetic tests, antibody detection and other appropriate diagnostic measures when necessary to facilitate early diagnosis and intervention through proactive and efficient management of the underlying condition, ultimately improving patient outcomes.
Migration of varicocele coil leading to ureteral obstruction and hydronephrosis: A case report
Authors: Alamri Abdulaziz 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND
Varicocele embolization, a minimally invasive treatment for symptomatic varicoceles, carries a rare risk of complications like ureteral obstruction and hydronephrosis. This case report documents such a case to raise awareness of these potential complications and showcase minimally invasive surgical management as a successful solution.
CASE SUMMARY
A 35-year-old male presented with flank pain and hematuria following varicocele embolization. Imaging confirmed left ureteral obstruction and hydronephrosis. Laparoscopic ureterolysis successfully removed the embolization coil and repaired the ureter, resolving the patient's symptoms. Follow-up at six months and two years showed sustained improvement.
CONCLUSION
Minimally invasive surgery offers an effective treatment option for rare complications like ureteral obstruction arising from varicocele embolization.
Endoscopic ultrasound features of rectal melanoma: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Xiong Zhang-E , Wei Xin-Xiang , Wang Li , Xia Chen , Li Zi-Yin , Long Chan , Peng Bo , Wang Ting 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND
Rectal mucosal melanoma is a rare and highly aggressive disease. Common symptoms include anal pain, an anal mass, or bleeding. As such, the disease is usually detected on rectal examination of patients with other suspected anorectal diseases. However, due to its rarity and nonspecific symptoms, melanoma of the rectal mucosa is easily misdiagnosed.
CASE SUMMARY
This report describes the case of a 58-year-old female patient who presented with a history of blood in her stool for the prior one or two months, without any identifiable cause. During colonoscopy, a bulge of approximately 2.2 cm × 2.0 cm was identified. Subsequently, the patient underwent endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) to characterize the depth of invasion of the lesions. EUS suggested a hypoechoic mucosal mass with involvement of the submucosal layer and heterogeneity of the internal echoes. Following surgical intervention, the excised tissue samples were examined and confirmed to be rectal malignant melanoma. The patient recovered well with no evidence of recurrence during follow-up.
CONCLUSION
This case shows that colonoscopy with EUS and pathological examination can accurately diagnose rare cases of rectal mucosal melanoma.
Clinicopathological analysis of EWSR1/FUS::NFATC2 rearranged sarcoma in the left forearm: A case report
Authors: Hu Qiao-Ling , Zeng Chao 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND
We present a case of an EWSR1/FUS::NFATC2 rearranged sarcoma in the left forearm and analyze its clinicopathological and molecular features.
CASE SUMMARY
The patient is a 23-year-old woman. Microscopically, the tumor cells were medium-sized round cells arranged in small nests. The cytoplasm was clear, nuclei were relatively uniform, chromatin was dense, nucleoli were visible, and mitotic figures were rare. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for Vimentin, INI-1, CD99, NKX2.2, CyclinD1, friend leukaemia virus integration 1, and NKX3.1. Next-generation sequencing revealed the presence of the EWSR1-NFATC2 fusion gene. EWSR1/FUS::NFATC2 rearranged sarcomas are rare and can easily be misdiagnosed.
CONCLUSION
Clinical imaging, immunohistochemistry, and molecular pathology should be considered to confirm the diagnosis.
Scientific Citizenship
Authors: Soneryd Linda , Sundqvist Göran 
Published: May 2024

Citizenship is formally and historically connected to the nation state, though this has not always been the case (cf Athens’ city-centred democracy). In today’s understanding of democracy, however, scientific knowledge and technical expertise intersect with citizens’ ability to hold state power accountable to democratic values. Sheila Jasanoff (2017) describes how the nation state concentrates not only political power but also resources that enable investments in ‘big science’ projects. Based on these concentrations, she asks: if the demos should have a role in the technical framing and resolving of public problems, what analytical resources does STS provide to facilitate such participation? The answer to this question, as suggested by Jasanoff, is that ideas and practices around science and technology – priorities, investments, distribution channels, regulations, and so on – are co-produced with ideas about concerned citizens. Thus, STS scholars should call attention to the fact that practices of collective knowledge-making shape our very understanding of the demos to be served by democracy. As seen in Chapter 6, studies undertaken by STS scholars have focused on the relationships between modes of governing and how issues are made public and open to wider debate, how groups of the public are demarcated through the notion of invited and uninvited publics, and how the agency ascribed to invited publics tends to be circumscribed by instrumental motives. In this work, STS scholars frequently touch on one of the unresolved problems in democratic theory. This is about what properly constitutes the people. Yet, any democratic theory is based on an understanding that there is a people, a citizenry that is implicated in governing in indirect or direct ways and which can hold government accountable. Such unexplored assumptions were met in the first chapter of this book, and they were referred to as belonging to a shadow of democratic theory.
Complete four-dimensional Bell state measurement using weak cross-Kerr nonlinearity
Authors: Zeng Zhi 
Published: May 2024

In this paper, we present an efficient scheme for the complete analysis of the four-dimensional Bell state of the photon system in the path degree of freedom, resorting to the weak cross-Kerr nonlinearity and linear optics. In our scheme, the measurements on two probe coherent states are used for obtaining the bit information of high-dimensional entanglement, and the linear optical elements and single-photon detectors are used for obtaining the relative phase information of high-dimensional entanglement. With these two independent processes, the 16 orthogonal four-dimensional path Bell states can be completely distinguished from each other. This simple and realizable scheme may have useful applications in the quantum information technology based on high-dimensional entanglement.
Narrow-linewidth exciton-polariton laser
Authors: Fabricante Bianca Rae , Król Mateusz , Wurdack Matthias , Pieczarka Maciej , Steger Mark , Snoke David W. , West Kenneth , Pfeiffer Loren N. , Truscott Andrew G. , Ostrovskaya Elena A. , Estrecho Eliezer 
Published: May 2024

Exciton-polariton lasers are a promising source of coherent light for
low-energy applications due to their low-threshold operation. However,
a detailed experimental study of their spectral purity, which directly
affects their coherence properties, is still missing. Here, we present
a high-resolution spectroscopic investigation of the energy and
linewidth of an exciton-polariton laser in the single-mode regime,
which derives its coherent emission from an optically pumped and
confined exciton-polariton condensate. We report an ultra-narrow
linewidth of 56 MHz or 0.24 µeV, corresponding to a
coherence time of 5.7 ns. The narrow linewidth is consistently
achieved by using an exciton-polariton condensate with a high photonic
content confined in an optically induced trap. Contrary to previous
studies, we show that the excitonic reservoir created by the pump and
responsible for creating the trap does not strongly affect the
emission linewidth as long as the condensate is trapped and the pump
power is well above the condensation (lasing) threshold. The long
coherence time of the exciton-polariton system uncovered here opens up
opportunities for manipulating its macroscopic quantum state, which is
essential for applications in classical and quantum computing.
Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with bovine tuberculosis in cattle in Eastern Bhutan
Authors: Wangmo Karma , Gurung Ratna B , Choden Tshering , Letho Sangay , Pokhrel Narayan , Lungten Lungten , Zangmo Tashi , Peldon Sonam , Chedup Kinzang , Kumar Sylvia Jaya , Dorji Thinley , Tshering Sangay , Dorji Kinzang , Tenzin Tenzin 
Published: May 2024

Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a chronic zoonotic disease affecting cattle of all age groups including wild animals. It poses a significant threat to public health and high economic losses to dairy farmers. While the disease has been eradicated from most of the developed countries through extensive surveillance, testing and culling strategy, it is endemic in Africa, Asia, and the Middle East countries. Currently, there is limited research regarding the prevalence of bTB in cattle in Bhutan. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of bTB in cattle in six districts of eastern Bhutan. A two-stage probability proportional to size (PPS) sampling strategy was used to determine the number of animals from which serum samples needed to be collected in each district and sub-district. All farms and cattle for sampling were randomly selected from the data in the annual livestock census of 2020. The samples were tested using bTB ELISA test kit. The seroprevalence and their 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Logistic regression models were constructed to assess the influence of various individual animal and environmental risk factors (breed, age, sex, source of animal, body condition scores of animals, respiratory system status) associated with sero-positivity in animals.
The study revealed an apparent seroprevalence of 2.57% (25/971 cattle; 95% CI:1.58–3.57), with an estimated true seroprevalence of 0.91% (95% CI: 0.0–2.81). However, none of the variables were found to be significantly associated with bTB seroprevalence in cattle.
We recommend, further sampling and employment of confirmatory testing to fully ascertain the extent of bTB in the cattle herds in eastern Bhutan for prevention and control.
Prognostic impact of suspicious extraabdominal lymph nodes on patient survival in advanced ovarian cancer
Authors: Park Kena , Kwon Ji Young , Song Jeong Min , Pyeon Seung Yeon , Lee Seon Hwa , Chung Young Shin , Lee Jong-Min 
Published: May 2024

Objective
To evaluate the clinical impact of suspicious extra-abdominal lymph nodes (EALNs) identified preoperatively on CT and/or PET/CT images in advanced ovarian cancer.

Methods
A retrospective study was conducted with 122 patients diagnosed with stage III or IV ovarian cancer with preoperative CT and/or PET/CT images from 2006 to 2022. Imaging studies were evaluated for the presence, size and location of suspicious EALNs. Suspicious lymph node enlargement was defined by a cut-off ≥5mm short-axis dimension on CT and/or lesions with maximum standardized uptake values of ≥2.5 on PET/CT. This study only included patients who did not have their EALNs surgically removed.

Results
A total 109 patients met the inclusion criteria; 36 (33%) had suspicious EALNs and were categorized as “node-positive”. The median overall survival (OS) was 45.73 months for the “node-positive” and 46.50 months for the “node-negative” patients (HR 1.17, 95% CI 0.68–2.00, p = 0.579). In multivariate analysis, after adjusting for other variables selected by process of backward elimination using a significance level of p<0.20, suspicious EALNs still showed no clinical significance on OS (aHR 1.20, 95% CI 0.67–2.13, p = 0.537) as well as progression-free survival (aHR 1.43, 95% CI 0.85–2.41, p = 0.174). Old age (aHR 2.23, 95% CI 1.28–3.89, p = 0.005) and platinum resistance (aHR 1.92, 95% CI 1.10–3.36, p = 0.023) affects adversely on OS.

Conclusion
Suspicious EALNs did not worsen the prognosis of patients with advanced ovarian cancer. However, its impact on survival is not yet clarified. Further investigation is required to assess the clinical significance of suspicious EALNs on preoperative imaging studies.
Implementation and adaptation of a hub-based psychiatric and primary care program: A qualitative descriptive analysis of The Seamless Care Optimizing the Patient Experience (SCOPE) Mental Health program
Authors: Whitmore Carly , Emam Mona , Pariser Pauline , Bolea Blanca 
Published: May 2024

Background
The Seamless Care Optimizing the Patient Experience (SCOPE)–Mental Health program is a comprehensive case management and psychiatric care initiative that supports primary care physicians in independent medical practices. This program offers a range of services that aims to enhance primary care capacity for mental health and provide accessible clinical care for patients. With its flexible hub-based approach, this program allows participating sites to tailor their implementation based on their available resources and specific needs within their community.

Objectives
The aim of this quality improvement initiative was to investigate the evolution of this collaborative mental health model, focusing on specific site adaptations, local implementation challenges, and opportunities for ongoing development and sustainability across SCOPE sites in the Greater Toronto Area.

Method
This evaluation employed a qualitative descriptive design where semi-structured interviews, guided by the Reach Effectiveness Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance framework were conducted with staff from all 8 SCOPE-Mental Health sites. Site representatives were interviewed virtually between March and July 2023 and data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis.

Findings
The SCOPE-Mental Health model permits flexibility through specific local adaptations led by community need that leverage existing assets either at the site or within the individual community. Adoption by primary care physicians was crucial to program success and facilitated efficiency and interprofessional collaboration. Maintenance efforts included pathway refinement, and marketing and funding considerations. Challenges to program development included continuity of staff, physician compensation issues, and electronic health record interoperability. The SCOPE-Mental Health program fosters linkages among unaffiliated primary care offices, hospitals, and community-based resources to improve mental health care. Key recommendations include advocating for sustainable funding and facilitated mechanisms for psychiatric consultations.

Conclusions
This initiative offers valuable insights for healthcare organizations seeking to develop similar programs, emphasizing the need for tailored approaches and ongoing evaluation to ensure a lasting impact in underserved communities.
A mass-balance approach for predicting lake phosphorus concentrations as a function of external phosphorus loading: Application to the Lake St. Clair – Lake Erie System (Canada – USA)
Authors: Bocaniov Serghei Anatolii , Scavia Donald , Cappellen Philippe Van 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A mass balance model is presented that links the total phosphorus concentration in lakes to the water residence time, Rw (lake volume divided by the annual water inflow) and the total phosphorus residence time, Rp (average standing stock of lake total phosphorous divided by the external annual total phosphorus input). Following a change in the external load, the lake total phosphorus concentration asymptotically approaches a new value that depends on the Rp:Rw ratio, with the rate of approach controlled by Rp. We applied this approach to a recent reanalysis of the water and total phosphorus budgets of the Lake Erie system of the Laurentian Great Lakes for the 2003-2016 period. We generated load–response relationships and response matrices that relate the steady state total phosphorus concentrations to external total phosphorus loads, for the whole Lake Erie system and for the individual basins (Lake St. Clair, western basin, central basin, eastern basin) and connecting channels (St. Clair River, Detroit River). These relationships and matrices provide a simple but robust framework to gauge the potential response of total phosphorus concentrations to total phosphorus load reductions, such as the 40% reduction proposed for Lake Erie under the Canada-United States Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement. The mass balance analysis further highlights the importance of inter-basin total phosphorus transfers. For example, around 70% of the total phosphorus concentration in the eastern basin is contributed by inflow from the central basin. Consequently, total phosphorus load abatements in watersheds upstream of the eastern basin, rather than in the direct watershed itself, will have the greatest impact on the eastern basin's concentration. Overall, our results illustrate how simple mass balance calculations can provide useful guidance to efforts to manage phosphorus enrichment of lakes.
Dynamics of dissolved organic phosphorus in the nearshore of eastern Lake Erie
Authors: Depew David C. , Krutzelmann Emily 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The east basin of Lake Erie continues to suffer from blooms of filamentous green algae (primarily Cladophora). Potential management action through reduced phosphorus loadings have and continue to focus on the dissolved inorganic phosphorus pool but other potentially bioavailable phosphorus pools are not always considered. In this study, we describe the dissolved organic phosphorus pool in eastern Lake Erie, with an extensive sampling of four transects along the north shore of the eastern basin from May to September 2019. The dissolved organic phosphorus pool was characterized and quantified using sequential enzymatic hydrolysis to provide information on the enzymatically hydrolysable phosphorus fraction and component monoester P, diester P and a phytase hydrolysable component. These dissolved organic phosphorus fractions were compared to the soluble reactive phosphorus and total dissolved phosphorus pools. Results from this study revealed that a significant fraction (up to 63%) of the dissolved organic phosphorus pool is potentially bioavailable via enzymatic hydrolysis. Vertical differences in soluble reactive phosphorus, total dissolved phosphorus, and phosphate diester pools were also observed when comparing water column with near lake-bed samples, suggesting that the new benthic ecosystem since dreissenid colonization may be a greater source of dissolved inorganic phosphorus to the east basin than prior to colonization.