bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ab initio determination of melting and sound velocity of neon up to the deep interior of the Earth
Authors: Wang Zhao-Qi , Gu Yun-Jun , Tang Jun , Yan Zheng-Xin , Xie You , Wang Yi-Xian , Chen Xiang-Rong , Chen Qi-Feng 
Published: May 2024

The thermophysical properties and elemental abundances of the noble gases in terrestrial materials can provide unique insights into the Earth’s evolution and mantle dynamics. Here, we perform extensive ab initio molecular dynamics simulations to determine the melting temperature and sound velocity of neon up to 370 GPa and 7500 K to constrain its physical state and storage capacity, together with to reveal its implications for the deep interior of the Earth. It is found that solid neon can exist stably under the lower mantle and inner core conditions, and the abnormal melting of neon is not observed under the entire temperature (T) and pressure (P) region inside the Earth owing to its peculiar electronic structure, which is substantially distinct from other heavier noble gases. An inspection of the reduction for sound velocity along the Earth’s geotherm evidences that neon can be used as a light element to account for the low-velocity anomaly and density deficit in the deep Earth. A comparison of the pair distribution functions and mean square displacements of MgSiO3–Ne and Fe–Ne alloys further reveals that MgSiO3 has a larger neon storage capacity than the liquid iron under the deep Earth condition, indicating that the lower mantle may be a natural deep noble gas storage reservoir. Our results provide valuable information for studying the fundamental behavior and phase transition of neon in a higher T–P regime, and further enhance our understanding for the interior structure and evolution processes inside the Earth.
Exploring the photochemistry of OAlOH: Photodissociation pathways and electronic spectra
Authors: Trabelsi Tarek , Francisco Joseph S. 
Published: May 2024

This study was focused on the photochemistry of OAlOH and three possible pathways, which were studied with high-level multireference configuration interaction ab initio calculations. We computed cuts of the six-dimensional potential energy surfaces for the ground, the lowest singlet and triplet excited states, and probed the photodissociation mechanisms and the stabilities. The OAlOH electronic spectrum, with an energy reaching 7.15 eV, contained four prominent peaks. Photodissociation to AlO, OH, and AlOH constituted a plausible mechanism within the deep-UV range (λ = 250.4 nm). Our data indicated the photostability of OAlOH in the near-UV‒Vis region, so detection with laser-induced fluorescence is possible. Fluorescence and phosphorescence may occur upon excitation at 363.5 nm. The roles of OAlOH in the photochemical reactions of Al-bearing molecules in the upper atmosphere and VY Canis Majoris are discussed.
Optimizing Cu-alloy surface characteristics through magnetic field-enhanced fs laser treatment
Authors: Dawood Asadullah , Bashir Shazia , Khan Muhmmad Asad , Hayat Asma , Bonyah Ebenezer , Sanderson Joseph H. , Majeed Mehwish , Naz Zarish 
Published: May 2024

We report here the effect of the magnetic field on plasma parameters and the surface structuring of the Cu alloy after fs laser irradiation. A Ti:Sapphire (800 nm, 35 fs, 1 KHz) laser is employed at various irradiances (0.011–0.117 PW/cm2) to generate plasma. A Transvers Magnetic Field (TMF) of strength 1.1 T is employed for plasma confinement. All the measurements were performed with and without TMF. The Cu plasma parameters, i.e., excitation temperature (Texc) and electron number sensity (ne), determined by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy analysis, are higher in the presence of TMF. This magnetic field confinement of Cu plasma was studied analytically by evaluating thermal beta (βt), directional beta (βd), confinement radius (Rb), and diffusion time (td). To correlate Cu-alloy plasma parameters with surface modifications, field emission scanning electron microscope analysis is performed. It reveals the formation of low-spatial-frequency laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSSs) and high-spatial-frequency LIPSSs, along with agglomers and nano-rims formation. Distinct and well-defined structures are observed in the presence of a magnetic field. It is concluded that controlled surface structuring can be achieved through magnetic confinement, which enhances key plasma parameters. The technique has the potential for enhancing the fabrication of nano-gratings and field emitters, where spatial uniformity is critically important.
Professional realism in practice
Authors: Gałuskina Ksenia , Sycz-Opoń Joanna 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This article describes an attempt to introduce the elements of collaboration into translator training in the form
of a multi-stage translation project. The project was carried out during regular translation classes with the participation of 70
students (translating from Italian, French, or English into Polish). The project comprised the following stages (as prescribed by
two standards: ISO 17100:2015 and ISO/TS 11669:2012). Stage 0: Project preparation (pre-production) – terminological work/dialogue
list preparation; Stages 1 and 2: Translation and check of one’s own translation; Stage 3: Revision – work on bilingual texts –
general correction; Stage 4: Review – work on TL texts – focus on factual errors; Stage 5: Proofreading – work on TL texts – focus
on linguistic errors; Stage 6: Final verification and release. Each student was asked to work on a different text at each stage.
The platform for exchanging files between the students was Trello, an online task management tool. The aim of the classes was to
broaden the students’ view of the current translation market through hands-on experience and to develop their teamwork skills.
This article presents the proceedings of the classes, the results of the opinion survey distributed among the participants, and
discusses the potential difficulties.
Bilateral comparison of 1.018 V and 10 V standards between INRIM (Italy) and the BIPM, November to December 2023 (part of the ongoing BIPM key comparison BIPM.EM-K11.a and b)
Authors: Solve S , Chayramy R , Stock M , Durandetto P , Enrico E 
Published: May 2024

Main text
As part of the ongoing BIPM key comparison BIPM.EM-K11.a and b, a comparison of the 1.018 V and 10 V voltage reference standards of the BIPM and the INRIM (Italy), from November to December 2023. Two BIPM Zener diode-based travelling standards (Fluke 732B), BIPM_7 (Z7) and BIPM_9 (Z9), were transported by freight to the INRIM and back to the BIPM. In order to keep the Zeners powered during their transportation phase, two additional external batteries were connected in parallel to the internal battery. At the INRIM and the BIPM, the reference standard for DC voltage is a Programmable Josephson Voltage Standard (PJVS). The output electromotive force (EMF) of each travelling standard was measured by direct comparison with the primary standard. The final result of the comparison is presented as the difference between the values assigned to DC voltage standards by the INRIM, at the level of 1.018 V and 10 V, at the INRIM, UINRIM, and those assigned by the BIPM, at the BIPM, UBIPM, at the reference date of the 1st of December 2023.

U
INRIM - U
BIPM = -0.04 µV;	u
c = 0.03 µV, at 1.018 V

U
INRIM - U
BIPM = -0.18 µV;	u
c = 0.19 µV, at 10 V
where uc is the combined standard uncertainty associated with the measured difference, including the uncertainty of the realisation of the volt at the BIPM and at the INRIM, and the uncertainty related to the comparison.
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCEM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Bilateral comparison of 1.018 V and 10 V standards between SASO-NMCC (Saudi Arabia) and the BIPM, September to November 2023 (part of the ongoing BIPM key comparison BIPM.EM-K11.a and b)
Authors: Solve S , Chayramy R , Stock M , Alrobaish A , Aljomaie A 
Published: May 2024

Main text
As part of the ongoing BIPM key comparison BIPM.EM-K11.a and b, a comparison of the 1.018 V and 10 V voltage reference standards of the BIPM and the SASO-NMCC (Saudi Arabia), from September to November 2023. Two BIPM Zener diode-based travelling standards (Fluke 732B), BIPM_E (ZE) and BIPM_F (ZF), were transported by freight to the SASO-NMCC and back to the BIPM. In order to keep the Zeners powered during their transportation phase, a voltage stabiliser developed by the BIPM was connected in parallel to the internal battery. At the SASO-NMCC and the BIPM, the reference standard for DC voltage is a Programmable Josephson Voltage Standard (PJVS). The output electromotive force (EMF) of each travelling standard was measured by direct comparison with the primary standard. The final result of the comparison is presented as the difference between the values assigned to DC voltage standards by the SASO-NMCC, at the level of 1.018 V and 10 V, at the SASO-NMCC, USASO-NMCC, and those assigned by the BIPM, at the BIPM, UBIPM, at the reference date of the 30th of September 2023.

U
SASO-NMCC - U
BIPM = 0.06 µV;	uc = 0.05 µV, at 1.018 V

U
SASO-NMCC - U
BIPM = 0.22 µV;	uc = 0.12 µV, at 10 V
where uc is the combined standard uncertainty associated with the measured difference, including the uncertainty of the realisation of the volt at the BIPM and at the SASO-NMCC, and the uncertainty related to the comparison.
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCEM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Gauge-invariant formulation for the gravitational wave equations
Authors: Harada Junpei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A gauge-invariant formulation for the gravitational wave equations is presented. Using this approach, weak, plane wave solutions in a vacuum are derived in various theories. These include general relativity with two modes of polarization with helicity ±2, Yang’s theory with three modes of polarization with helicity ±2 and 0, and so-called ‘general metric theories’ with six modes of polarization with helicity ±2, ±1, and two 0s. To identify the polarizations of gravitational waves, it is explicitly demonstrated how the gauge-invariant approach reproduces the earlier results.
Higher-order topological states in T-graphene and their realization in photonic crystals
Authors: Yan Liang , Wang Zhigang , Yan Jie-Yun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Higher-order topological states extend the power of nontrivial topological states beyond the bulk-edge correspondence. Here we study the higher-order topological states (corner states) in an open-boundary two-dimensional T-graphene lattice. Unlike the common zero-energy corner states, our findings reveal non-zero energy corner states in such lattice systems, and the energy could be controlled by modifying the hopping parameters. Moreover, the corner states could be transferred away from the lattice corners by designing the position-specific vacancy defects. The strong robustness of the corner states is also demonstrated against the uniaxial strain and vacancy defects, respectively. A plasmonic crystal is constructed to testify to the theory, in which the corner states are realized in optical modes and their higher-order topological properties are verified. Our results open the avenue of corner-states engineering, which holds significant physical implications of higher-order topological states for the design of photonic and electronic devices with specialized functionalities.
A multi-head self-attention autoencoder network for fault detection of wind turbine gearboxes under random loads*
Authors: Yu Xiaoxia , Zhang Zhigang , Tang Baoping , Zhao Minghang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Wind turbine gearboxes work under random load for extended periods of time, and the fault detection indicator constructed by the existing deep learning models fluctuate constantly due to the load, which is easy to cause frequent false alarms. Therefore, a multihead self-attention autoencoder network is proposed and combined with a dynamic alarm threshold to detect faults in a wind turbine gearbox subjected to random loads. The multiheaded attention mechanism layer enhances the feature-extraction capability of the proposed network by extracting global and local features from input data. Furthermore, to suppress the influence of the random load, a dynamic warning threshold was designed based on the reconstruction error between the inputs and outputs of the proposed network. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method was verified using the vibration data of wind turbine gearboxes from an actual wind farm.
Integral reinforcement learning-based event-triggered optimal tracking control for modular robot manipulators via non-zero-sum game
Authors: Dong Bo , Ding Zhendong , An Tianjiao , Cui Yiming , Zhu Xinye 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Under an event-triggered mechanism, a non-zero-sum (NZS) game optimal tracking control method for modular robot manipulator (MRM) systems with input constraints is proposed using the adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) method based on integral reinforcement learning (IRL). First, a dynamic model of the MRM system is developed based on joint torque feedback technology, consisting of an n-joint subsystem related to interconnected dynamic coupling (IDC). Second, we design a robust compensation controller to handle the known model term and an optimal compensation controller to deal with the uncertainty term caused by the IDC and friction, respectively. In addition, a nonlinear disturbance observer is established to dispose of the negative effects caused by the uncertain sensor output disturbance. Third, based on differential game theory, we transform the optimal tracking control problem of the MRM system into an n-player NZS game problem. Then, the IRL-based ADP method is adopted, which relaxes the need for system partial unknown dynamic information, and only a critic neural network is used to solve the coupled Hamilton–Jacobi equation, so as to obtain the optimal control policy. Then, using Lyapunov theory, the tracking error of the MRM system is demonstrated to be uniformly ultimately bounded. Finally, the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed algorithm are verified through experiments.
A strategy to build a library of oil tracers by oleophilic silica-encapsulated DNA nanoparticles
Authors: Deng Jinxin , Li Na , Yang Shuangyu , Qin Mei , Guo Yuen , Feng Yuchen , Ye Xinya , Li Chongying 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Artificially synthesized DNA is involved in the construction of a library of oil tracers due to their unlimited number and no-biological toxicity. The strategy of the construction is proposed by oleophilic Silica-encapsulated DNA nanoparticles, which offers fresh thinking in developing novel tracers, sensors, and molecular machines in engineering & applied sciences based on artificially synthesized DNA blocks.
Adsorption and dissociation of hydrogen molecules over S-vacancies in a Nb-doped MoS2 monolayer
Authors: Irusta Yako , Morón-Navarrete Guillermo , González César 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Motivated by the recent interest in the hydrogen energy, we have carried out a complete study of the catalytic activity of a defective molybdenum disulfide monolayer (MoS2) by means of density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The MoS2 monolayer is characterized by a nonreactive basal plane. In principle, its catalytic activity is concentrated at the edges, but an alternative way to increase such activity is obtained by creating active sites where the molecules can dissociate. These defects can be easily produced experimentally by different techniques. In our study, we have performed an atomic, energetic and electronic analysis of a hydrogen molecule adsorbed on a MoS2 monolayer. In a first step, we have found that the H2 molecule remains physisorbed over both doped-free and Nb-doped MoS2 monolayers, showing that the Nb atom does not increase the poor reactivity of the clean MoS2 layer. Interestingly, our energetic results suggest that the vacancies will prefer to be formed close to the Nb atoms in the doped monolayer, but the small energy difference would allow the formation in non-doped like sites. Theoretically, we found out the conditions for the molecular dissociation on a S vacancy. In both cases, with and without Nb, the molecule should rotate from the original perpendicular position to an almost parallel orientation jumping an energetic barrier. After that, the atoms are separated binding to the Mo atoms around the missing S atom. Our ab initio molecular dynamics simulations show that for low pressure conditions (using one single molecule in the system) the H2 prefers to desorb from the vacancy, while for larger pressures (when additional H2 molecules are added to the system) the molecule is finally dissociated on the vacancy. Our long simulations confirm the great stability of the structure with the two H atoms binding to the Mo atoms close to the vacancy. Finally, the inclusion of a third (or a fourth) H atom in the vacancy leads to the formation and desorption of a H2 molecule, leaving one (or two) atoms in the vacancy.
Influence of chemical treatment and interaction with matrix on room temperature phosphorescence of carbon dots
Authors: Arefina Irina A , Erokhina Daria V , Ushakova Elena V 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this work, composite materials were formed based on various matrices (polymer and porous cellulose matrix) and carbon dots (CDs) with intense room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP). The effect of post-synthesis chemical treatment with citric acid or urea on the optical properties of composites was studied: the increase in carboxy and carbonyl groups led to an increase of RTP signals that could be seen with the naked eye over several seconds. The fabricated composites demonstrated good stability and reversibility of RTP signals by mild heating. Based on the developed CDs, luminescent inks were used for a simple demonstration of the data encryption on paper.
Preparation and properties of two-dimensional Ti2CT
x
MXene based on electroetching method
Authors: Liu Ruixue , Wei Sainan , Shi Bao , Ma Yizhi , Sun Luning , Wang Wei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The continuous advancements in wearable electronics have drawn significant attention toward 2D MXenes materials for energy storage owing to their abundant availability, adaptability, and distinctive physicochemical properties. Two unresolved concerns currently revolve around environmental pollution by F-containing etching and finite kinetics caused because of re-stacking of nanosheets. In this study, Al was electrochemically etched from porous Ti2AlC electrodes without the use of fluorine, through a selective electrochemical etching process in dilute hydrochloric acid. Subsequently, Ti2CT
x
MXene was vertically grown on carbon fiber (CF) substrates. The resulting Ti2CT
x
@CF electrodes are lightweight, thin, and flexible, exhibiting a surface capacitance of 330 mF cm−2 at a constant current density of 1 mA cm−2 after 2000 cycles. They display a surface capacitance retention of 96.16% and a high energy density of 45.3 μWh cm−2 at a power density of 0.497 mW cm−2. These metrics underscore the Ti2CT
x
@CF electrode’s commendable multifunctionality, electrochemical performance, ion transport efficiency, and charge storage capacity. Moreover, a flexible energy storage electrode material with a high area capacity was developed by combining Ti2CT
x
MXene nanosheets, possessing a large specific surface area, with a flexible carbon fabric substrate.
Synthesis of CS-Fe3O4/GO nanocomposite for adsorption of heavy metal in aqueous environment
Authors: Nguyen Thu Huong , Nguyen Van Doan , Vu Anh-Tuan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this study, magnetic material based on graphene oxide (GO) was developed for enhanced adsorption capacity for heavy metals. The Fe3O4 nanoparticles were combined with the GO material using a chitosan (CS) binder to obtain the CS-Fe3O4/GO nanocomposite. The adsorption capacity of this nanocomposite was evaluated by removing heavy metals including Ni2+ ions. When GO was composed with Fe3O4 and CS, the GO films were densely covered with ferromagnetic particles, which were bound and densely distributed on the GO film surface due to the interaction between GO and CS. The optimal conditions for the complexation of Ni2+ and 4-(2-pyridyl azo)-rezoxine (PAR) are 1 ml Ni2+, 2 ml PAR 100 mg l−1, pH = 6 (adjusted with 0.7 ml of the 0.1 M K2HPO4 solution) and a complexation time of 20 min. After 50 min of adsorption, the Ni2+ removal efficiency of the CS-Fe3O4/GO nanocomposite reached 81.21% and the corresponding adsorption capacity was 2.03 mg g−1 . The Ni2+ removal process followed the first-order model and Freundlich isotherm. This process was spontaneous (ΔG
o < 0) and an exothermic process (ΔH
o = −1128.875 J·mol−1). In addition, the factors affecting this process were investigated, including the pH solution, the dosage of the CS-Fe3O4/GO nanocomposite and the initial Ni2+ concentration. The CS-Fe3O4/GO nanocomposite showed a potential adsorption capacity in removing Ni2+ at low concentrations from wastewater.
Highly sensitive and easy-to-attach wearable sensor for measuring finger force based on curvature changes in an ellipse-shaped finger ring
Authors: Ozaki Takashi , Ohta Norikazu , Fujiyoshi Motohiro 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Technologies for digitizing worker actions to enhance human labor tasks, mitigate accidents, and prevent disabling injuries have garnered significant attention. This study focuses on monitoring the force exerted by the fingers and developing a wearable fingertip force sensor based on a simple elliptical ring structure in conjunction with a commercially available resistive bend sensor. Resembling a ring accessory, the sensor is easy to attach and detach, and exhibits high sensitivity, with a resistance change of approximately 9% for a fingertip load of 1 N. Furthermore, to mitigate crosstalk during finger flexion, we propose a combined configuration employing this ring-shaped sensor alongside another sensor designed for measuring and rectifying finger flexion angles. Additionally, we introduce an empirically derived fitting function and a straightforward calibration procedure to extract the function’s parameters. The proposed system achieves an average RMS error of 0.53 N for force estimations of approximately 5 N, even during finger flexion and postural changes.
Effects of interface angle, added powder and applied deformation on the transport current and structure of scarf joints of single- and multi-core unreacted MgB2 wires
Authors: Hušek I , Kováč P , Melišek T , Berek D , Kopera L 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The effects of the interface angle and applied deformation on the transport current and structure of scarf architecture joints between single- and multi-core MgB2 wires are studied in this paper. The transport currents of the joints were measured at 4.2 K, external magnetic fields of 2–8 T, and joint’s resistances between 27 and 42 K. Resistive transitions and critical currents of the prepared joints were compared with the transition and critical current of the unjointed MgB2 wires. The interface structure of joined in situ wires was analysed using optical microscopy. Increasing the interface area between the joined wires and optimizing deformation by pressing allows to enlarge the superconducting current path. In-field transport currents of up to 73% of wire’s I
c were measured for joined single-core MgB2/Fe wires. In the case of six-filament wires, the maximal transport current up to 53% of wire’s I
c was reached. The results show that the presented joint technique could potentially be used for superconducting MgB2 coils in a persistent mode.