bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atlantic Hurricane Season of 2008*
Authors: Brown Daniel P. , Beven John L. , Franklin James L. , Blake Eric S. 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
The 2008 Atlantic hurricane season is summarized and the year’s tropical cyclones are described. Sixteen named storms formed in 2008. Of these, eight became hurricanes with five of them strengthening into major hurricanes (category 3 or higher on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane scale). There was also one tropical depression that did not attain tropical storm strength. These totals are above the long-term means of 11 named storms, 6 hurricanes, and 2 major hurricanes. The 2008 Atlantic basin tropical cyclones produced significant impacts from the Greater Antilles to the Turks and Caicos Islands as well as along portions of the U.S. Gulf Coast. Hurricanes Gustav, Ike, and Paloma hit Cuba, as did Tropical Storm Fay. Haiti was hit by Gustav and adversely affected by heavy rains from Fay, Ike, and Hanna. Paloma struck the Cayman Islands as a major hurricane, while Omar was a major hurricane when it passed near the northern Leeward Islands. Six consecutive cyclones hit the United States, including Hurricanes Dolly, Gustav, and Ike. The death toll from the Atlantic tropical cyclones is approximately 750.
A verification of National Hurricane Center official forecasts during 2008 is also presented. Official track forecasts set records for accuracy at all lead times from 12 to 120 h, and forecast skill was also at record levels for all lead times. Official intensity forecast errors in 2008 were below the previous 5-yr mean errors and set records at 72–120 h.
High-Resolution GEM-LAM Application in Marine Fog Prediction: Evaluation and Diagnosis
Authors: Yang Duo , Ritchie Harold , Desjardins Serge , Pearson Garry , MacAfee Allan , Gultepe Ismail 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
A three-level nested rendering of a high-resolution limited-area model version of the Global Environment Multiscale configuration (GEM-LAM), running quasi-operationally at the Canadian Meteorological Centre, is evaluated for its capabilities in marine fog prediction. The model shows a general underestimation of the cloud water content at lower levels that is utilized as one of the proxies for fog and/or low stratus. A warm and dry tendency also appears at the lowest layer (a few hundreds of meters above the surface) of the vertical profiles and at screen level.
The condensation scheme directly generates/dissipates the cloud water content (or fog) while boundary layer processes [such as moist turbulent kinetic energy (MoisTKE)] vertically redistribute it. However, the results presented here emphasize the significance of the accurate initial and vertical velocity fields, as well as the interactions between the condensation scheme and the radiation scheme that interacts fully with clouds. These conclusions suggest that a delicate balance among the different physical processes and dynamics is needed for a successful fog forecast.
Grip Lock Injury in Male Gymnasts
Authors: Bezek Emily M. , VanHeest Ann E. , Hutchinson Douglas T. 
Published: November 2009

Background: Grip lock is a high bar injury in male gymnastics and occurs while the gymnast is rotating around the high bar. Its mechanism and treatment have been poorly documented. Study Design: Case reports. Results: One gymnast sustained an extensor tendon injury and ulnar styloid fracture and was treated nonoperatively. The second gymnast sustained open fracture of the radius and ulna with extensor tendon ruptures and was surgically treated. Both gymnasts healed and were able to return to collegiate gymnastics despite residual finger extensor lag. Conclusions: Grip lock is a physically and psychologically devastating injury on the men’s high bar that can cause forearm fractures and extensor tendon injuries at the wrist (Zone 8), which may result in residual extensor tendon lag. Injuries may be prevented with proper grip fit, appropriate maintenance of grips, and limited duration of use, as well as education of athletes, athletic trainers, and coaches
Effort Thrombosis Presenting as Pulmonary Embolism in a Professional Baseball Pitcher
Authors: Bushnell Brandon D. , Anz Adam W. , Dugger Keith , Sakryd Gary A. , Noonan Thomas J. 
Published: November 2009

Context: Effort thrombosis, or Paget-Schroetter’s syndrome, is a rare subset of thoracic outlet syndrome in which deep venous thrombosis of the upper extremity occurs as the result of repetitive overhead motion. It is occasionally associated with pulmonary embolism. This case of effort thrombosis and pulmonary embolus was in a 25-year-old major league professional baseball pitcher, in which the only presenting complaints involved dizziness and shortness of breath without complaints involving the upper extremity—usually, a hallmark of most cases of this condition. The patient successfully returned to play for 5 subsequent seasons at the major league level after multimodal treatment that included surgery for thoracic outlet syndrome. Objective: Though rare, effort thrombosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of throwing athletes with traditional extremity-focused symptoms and in cases involving pulmonary or thoracic complaints. Rapid diagnosis is a critical component of successful treatment.
Evidence for direct involvement of epirubicin in the formation of chromosomal translocations in t(15;17) therapy-related acute promyelocytic leukemia
Authors: Mays Ashley N. , Osheroff Neil , Xiao Yuanyuan , Wiemels Joseph L. , Felix Carolyn A. , Byl Jo Ann W. , Saravanamuttu Kandeepan , Peniket Andrew , Corser Robert , Chang Cherry , Hoyle Christine , Parker Anne N. , Hasan Syed K. , Lo-Coco Francesco , Solomon Ellen , Grimwade David 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
Therapy-related acute promyelocytic leukemia (t-APL) with t(15;17)(q22;q21) involving the PML and RARA genes is associated with exposure to agents targeting topoisomerase II (topoII), particularly mitoxantrone and epirubicin. We previously have shown that mitoxantrone preferentially induces topoII-mediated DNA damage in a “hotspot region” within PML intron 6. To investigate mechanisms underlying epirubicin-associated t-APL, t(15;17) genomic breakpoints were characterized in 6 cases with prior breast cancer. Significant breakpoint clustering was observed in PML and RARA loci (P = .009 and P = .017, respectively), with PML breakpoints lying outside the mitoxantrone-associated hotspot region. Recurrent breakpoints identified in the PML and RARA loci in epirubicin-related t-APL were shown to be preferential sites of topoII-induced DNA damage, enhanced by epirubicin. Although site preferences for DNA damage differed between mitoxantrone and epirubicin, the observation that particular regions of the PML and RARA loci are susceptible to these agents may underlie their respective propensities to induce t-APL.
Phase II Trial of Concurrent Radiation and Weekly Cisplatin Followed by VIPD Chemotherapy in Newly Diagnosed, Stage IE to IIE, Nasal, Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma: Consortium for Improving Survival of Lymphoma Study
Authors: Kim Seok Jin , Kim Kihyun , Kim Byung Soo , Kim Chul Yong , Suh Cheolwon , Huh Jooryung , Lee Sang-Wook , Kim Jin Seok , Cho Jaeho , Lee Gyeong-Won , Kang Ki Mun , Eom Hyeon Seok , Pyo Hong Ryull , Ahn Yong Chan , Ko Young Hyeh , Kim Won Seog 
Published: November 2009

Purpose On the basis of the benefits of frontline radiation in early-stage, extranodal, natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL), we conducted a phase II trial of concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) followed by three cycles of etoposide, ifosfamide, cisplatin, and dexamethasone (VIPD). Patients and Methods Thirty patients with newly diagnosed, stages IE to IIE, nasal ENKTL received CCRT (ie radiation 40 to 52.8 Gy and cisplatin 30 mg/m2 weekly). Three cycles of VIPD (etoposide 100 mg/m2 days 1 through 3, ifosfamide 1,200 mg/m2 days 1 through 3, cisplatin 33 mg/m2 days 1 through 3, and dexamethasone 40 mg days 1 through 4) were scheduled after CCRT. Results All patients completed CCRT, which resulted in 100% response that included 22 complete responses (CRs) and eight partial responses (PRs). The CR rate after CCRT was 73.3% (ie, 22 of 30 responses; 95% CI, 57.46 to 89.13). Twenty-six of 30 patients completed the planned three cycles of VIPD, whereas four patients did not because they withdrew (n = 2) or because they had an infection (n = 2). The overall response rate and the CR rate were 83.3% (ie; 25 of 30 responses; 95% CI, 65.28 to 94.36) and 80.0% (ie, 24 of 30 responses; 95% CI, 65.69 to 94.31), respectively. Only one patient experienced grade 3 toxicity during CCRT (nausea), whereas 12 of 29 patients experienced grade 4 neutropenia. The estimated 3-year, progression-free and overall survival rates were 85.19% (95% CI, 72.48 to 97.90) and 86.28% (95% CI, 73.97 to 98.59), respectively. Conclusion Patients with newly diagnosed, stages IE to IIE, nasal ENKTL are best treated with frontline CCRT.
Effect of Molecular Assembly on Photocycle of Reconstituted Bacteriorhodopsin: Significant Blue Shift of the Late M Photointermediate in the Liquid Crystalline Phase
Authors: Sonoyama Masashi , Kikukawa Takashi , Yokoyama Yasunori , Demura Makoto , Kamo Naoki , Mitaku Shigeki 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
The photocycle of bacteriorhodopsin (bR) reconstituted into dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine vesicles was investigated with transient visible absorption spectroscopy. The measured time-resolved difference spectra indicated that two substates of the M intermediate with almost the same absorption maximum were observed in the gel state, whereas the spectrum of M showed a splitting into an early and a late component shifted by approximately 15 nm in the liquid crystalline phase, suggesting disassembly of bR molecules induces remarkable structural changes around the retinal pocket of the late M intermediate responsible for switching protein conformation from a proton release form to a proton uptake form.
Polymorphic Properties of Ionic Liquid of 1-Isopropyl-3-methylimidazolium Bromide
Authors: Kawahata Masatoshi , Endo Takatsugu , Seki Hiroko , Nishikawa Keiko , Yamaguchi Kentaro 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
The crystal structure of an ionic liquid, 1-isopropyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([i-C3mim]Br), was studied using X-ray crystallographic analysis. The structures of three independent conformers of the isopropyl moiety were determined. Although the three conformers are classified into a group and their structures differ from the conformer described by Golovanov et al., the crystal structures are similar with respect to the inter-ionic interactions between [i-C3mim]+ and Br−. This polymorphic property of the ionic liquid is interpreted as arising because the enthalpy gain from the stronger Coulomb interactions determines a tight framework for the arrangement of Br− and the more positive moiety of the imidazolium ring. Thus, the isopropyl moiety is able to occupy the space within the framework in various conformations.
Photodynamic Activity of Ascorbic Acid-modified TiO2 Nanoparticles upon Visible Illumination (&gt;550 nm)
Authors: Lei Wanhua , Zhou Qianxiong , Li Zhaobo , Wang Xuesong , Zhang Baowen 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
Though both TiO2 and ascorbic acid are noncytotoxic in the dark or under visible irradiation, ascorbic acid-modified TiO2 nanoparticles were found to exhibit efficient DNA and cancer cell damage ability under visible light irradiation, opening a new pathway for developing highly efficient PDT sensitizers.
Electrogeneration of Ferrate(VI) in Low-concentration NaOH Solution for Capillary Electrophoresis–Chemiluminescence Detection
Authors: Zhang Huijing , Hu Yonggang , Wang Yongqian , Zhang Ping , Zhang Jie 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
A novel, eco-friendly, and stable homogeneous luminescent system for capillary zone electrophoresis (CE) detection was established, based on the chemiluminescence (CL) flash caused by mixing ferrate(VI) with luminol solution. It was found that the stable ferrate(VI) could be freshly electrogenerated in low-concentration NaOH solution for direct analytical application. To test this CL system, 8-hydroxyquinoline (HQ) was chosen as a model sample by CE detection.
Highly Ordered Selective Adsorption of Methyl Orange on Heterogeneous Surfaces in Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Zhou Xuefeng , Qian Yunzhu , Bai Yang , Feng Xin , Gu Ning , Lu Xiaohua 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
The effect of chemical heterogeneity on the adsorption of Methyl Orange (MO) in aqueous solutions was investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM). On hydrophilic mica, a small number of disordered islands of Methyl Orange were formed. However, after deposition of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) on mica, MO molecules adsorbed extensively and selectively on the hydrophobic OTS SAMs. Most importantly, the MO molecules on hydrophobic domains were highly ordered and almost perpendicular to the OTS surface.
“Click” Chemistry for Facile Immobilization of Iron Phthalocyanines onto Electrospun Nanofiber Surface
Authors: Chang Zhenjun , Fang Ying , Zhang Qinghua , Chen Dajun 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
We have developed a facile and efficient methodology to prepare iron phthalocyanine-coated nanofibers by combining electrospinning and Cu(I)-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar Huisgen cycloaddition of azides and alkynes.
Pressure Dependence of Vinylperoxyl Radical Formation in the Reaction of Vinyl Radical with Molecular Oxygen
Authors: Chishima Hiroshi , Koshi Mitsuo , Tonokura Kenichi 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
Pressure dependence of vinylperoxyl radical formation in the reaction of the vinyl radical with molecular oxygen has been studied using a laser photolysis/cavity ring-down spectroscopy technique. The absorption spectra of vinyl radical and the product in the reaction were measured in the same spectral range from 439 to 465 nm. Varying the third body carrier gas of Ar from 10 to 120 Torr had obvious effect on the production of the vinylperoxyl radical.
A New Route to Tricyclic 2-Pyridone Frameworks via Formation of Bicyclic N-Alkenyl Alkynylamides Followed by Gold-catalyzed Cycloisomerization
Authors: Imase Hidetomo , Tanaka Ken 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
A cationic gold(I)/PPh3 complex catalyzes cycloisomerizations of bicyclic N-alkenyl alkynylamides leading to tricyclic 2-pyridone derivatives at room temperature in good yields. The bicyclic N-alkenyl alkynylamides are readily prepared starting from commercially available 2-substituted cycloalkanones.
Visible-light Energy Storage by Ti3+ in TiO2/Cu2O Bilayer Film
Authors: Xiong Liangbin , Ouyang Minglu , Yan Lili , Li Jialin , Qiu Mingqiang , Yu Ying 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
Ti3+ in TiO2/Cu2O bilayer film is demonstrated to show energy storage ability. UV–vis absorption spectrum and XPS characterization are carried out to confirm that there are Ti3+ ions formed and that more than 74% Ti4+ ions are reduced to Ti3+ ions after visible-light irradiation. More than 10−2 C cm−2 electrons are detected in the bilayer film as determined by H2 evolution. This study provides a new way to harvest and store excess energy from solar light in the daytime.
Test dynamischer Eigenschaften ausgewählter NeigungssensorenTest of Dynamic Properties of a Variety of Tiltmeters
Authors: Macheiner Klaus , Woschitz Helmut , Brunner Fritz K. 
Published: November 2009

Zusammenfassung
Im Bauwesen sind Neigungssensoren heute in den unterschiedlichsten Messsystemen eingebaut und finden sich in verschiedensten Anwendungen wieder. Bei der Steuerung von bewegten Maschinenteilen, bei kinematischen Vermessungsaufgaben oder bei der Positionierung von Fertigteilen im Bauwesen sind die Sensoren Beschleunigungen ausgesetzt und werden durch diese beeinflusst. Somit sind für die Beurteilung der Qualität eines Neigungssensors nicht nur statische Parameter interessant, sondern auch das dynamische Verhalten. Um einige dynamische Eigenschaften von Neigungsmessern für kinematische Anwendungen zu untersuchen, wurde eine Prüfeinrichtung entwickelt und damit zehn verschiedene kommerziell erhältliche Neigungssensoren eingehenden Tests unterzogen. Die daraus abgeleiteten Eigenschaften werden für die jeweiligen Sensoren zusammengefasst.
Ferroelektretsensor zur Messung der Kavitation in UltraschallreinigungsbädernFerroelectret Sensor for Measurement of Cavitation in Ultrasonic Cleaning Systems
Authors: Strobel Jens , Rupitsch Stefan J. , Lerch Reinhard 
Published: November 2009

Zusammenfassung
Bisherige empirische Ansätze zur Auslegung von Ultraschallreinigungsanlagen werden der in der industriellen Fertigung geforderten Reinigungseffizienz nicht mehr gerecht. Die vorliegende Arbeit beschreibt die Entwicklung von Werkzeugen zur Charakterisierung von Kavitationseffekten, welche die Hauptmechanismen der Reinigungswirkung sind. Die Kavitationsintensität wird anhand des Auftretens charakteristischer Anteile im Druckspektrum bestimmt. Hierfür wird die Entwicklung eines Sensorarrays auf Basis eines neuartigen, zellular strukturierten Ferroelektrets vorgestellt, das flexibel auf Bauteiloberflächen aufgebracht werden kann. Mittels Reinigungsuntersuchungen wird die Korrelation spektraler Druckanteile mit der Erosionswirkung auf Probekörpern abgeleitet und die Abhängigkeiten von diversen Einflussparametern ermittelt.
Modeling Permeability Distributions in a Sandstone Core for History Matching Coreflood Experiments
Authors: Krause M. , Perrin J.-C. , Benson S. M. 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
Saline aquifer storage of CO2 has become recognized as an important strategy for climate change mitigation. Saline aquifers have very large estimated storage capacities, are distributed broadly across the globe, and have the potential for geologic scale retention times. With such large theoretical capacities available in saline aquifers, it is important to understand how heterogeneous rock property distributions can impact the effective storage capacity.
Laboratory core flooding experiments injecting CO2 into a saline water saturated Berea sandstone core have been conducted at reservoir conditions. Computed Tomography (CT) scans of the core show large spatial variations of CO2 saturation, even within a relatively homogeneous core. Numerical simulations of the experiment have been conducted to study the effect of sub core-scale heterogeneity, and the role of permeability in determining the sub core-scale saturation distribution in the core.
Numerical simulations of the experiment consistently showed that using traditional methods for estimating sub core-scale permeability, typically based solely on porosity distributions, results in sub core-scale saturation distributions which do not match experimental measurements. In this paper we develop a method for calculating sub core-scale permeability distributions based on capillary pressure measurements and porosity as an alternative to the traditional porosity only-based models. Using experimentally measured saturation and porosity distributions, and capillary pressure data to calculate permeability, simulations based on this new method show a substantial improvement both in the magnitude and spatial distribution of predicted saturation values. With this technique for accurately calculating permeability distributions, it is possible to study sub core-scale multiphase flow of brine and CO2 to understand how small scale heterogeneities influence the spatial distribution of CO2 saturation, and to improve our ability to predict storage capacity in saline aquifers.
A New Classification System For Evaluating CO2 Storage Resource/Capacity Estimates
Authors: Gorecki Charles D. , Holubnyak Yevhen I. , Ayash Scott C. , Bremer Jordan M. , Sorensen James A. , Steadman Edward N. , Harju John A. 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2) storage estimates are a critical component of the decision-making process when considering the implementation of large-scale CO2 storage in the subsurface. In order to compare storage resource/capacity estimates, both the scale of the estimate and the type of estimate must be considered. To date, the classification of resources and commodities has been used almost exclusively for valuable materials that can be economically extracted from the subsurface, e.g., hydrocarbons, metal ore, coal, etc. These industries have benefited from the establishment of classification systems with consistent terms and definitions that have gained international acceptance and allow for systematic accounting and comparison of resources across geological, geographical, and jurisdictional boundaries. As the carbon capture and storage (CCS) industry grows, there is increasing need for an accepted classification system that describes the available CO2 storage resource. While the classification systems used in the mining and hydrocarbon industries have elements that are instructive and sometimes indirectly applicable with respect to CO2, the direct application of those systems is largely insufficient. This is because, in the context of geological CO2 storage, the desired resource is not something to be removed from a subsurface reservoir but rather the accessible pore volume of the reservoir itself. Although much work has been accomplished, particularly by the Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum (CSLF), and the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) in the Carbon Sequestration Atlas of the United States and Canada, inconsistencies in definitions related to CCS exist between groups, and a widely accepted set of definitions for discussing CO2 storage resource and capacity has not yet been established. In order to move the CCS industry toward a useful set of definitions and provide a consistent set of terms, an improved classification system has been developed to not only address the level of the assessment but also the scale at which the assessment was made.