bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying factors affecting the selection of heads of city health centers in Iran: A phenomenological study
Authors: Rastegarimehr Babak , Raoofi Samira , Zahedi Atefeh , Ahmadi Teymourlouy Ahmad , Mahboubi Mohammad , Sadeghifar Jamil 
Published: June 2024

Introduction
Managers in the health care sector have the responsibility of accomplishing objectives and guaranteeing the excellence of services. To be chosen as a manager in a health organization, individuals must possess specific qualities and skills. Examining the process of selecting and appointing managers at the highest level of service provision might offer policymakers valuable insights into the importance of considering competences when choosing and appointing leaders of health centers. Hence, this study was conducted to identify the characteristics that influence the selection process of heads of city health centers in Iran.

Methods
The present study employed a qualitative and phenomenological approach, utilizing interviews performed in the year 2023. The study sample consisted of health deputy from medical sciences universities, local health network managers, and heads of city health center. The participants were selected using a purposive selection method. A total of 16 male participants were interviewed, and the interviews were then analyzed using MAXQDA-10 software using the usual content analysis method.

Results
In this study, the factors affecting the selection of the heads of health care centers were classified into two general topics: individual factors and environmental factors, and eight sub-topics, including health literacy, experience, individual characteristics, communication skills, mental characteristics, legal issues, political factors, and cultural factors.

Conclusion
The development of health literacy, specialized knowledge, and communication skills to coordinate and resolve organizational problems helps train competent managers. Top health system managers, who select health center managers, must understand political and cultural variables and regulate and steer their influence to select effective managers.
Reduction of biologic pricing following biosimilar introduction: Analysis across 57 countries and regions, 2012–19
Authors: Chen Hui-Han , Yemeke Tatenda , Ozawa Sachiko 
Published: June 2024

Objective
To evaluate the impact of the entry of biosimilars on the pricing of eight biologic products in 57 countries and regions.

Methods
We utilized an interrupted time series design and IQVIA MIDAS® data to analyze the annual sales data of eight biologic products (adalimumab, bevacizumab, epoetin, etanercept, filgrastim, infliximab, pegfilgrastim, and trastuzumab) across 57 countries and regions from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2019. We examined the immediate and long-term changes in biologics ex-manufacturer pricing following the entry of biosimilars to the market.

Results
Following the entry of biosimilars, the average price per dose of biologic product was immediately reduced by $438 for trastuzumab, $112 for infliximab, and $110 for bevacizumab. The persistent effect of biosimilars’ market entry led to further reductions in price per dose every year: by $49 for adalimumab, $290 for filgrastim, $21 for infliximab, and $189 for trastuzumab. Similarly, we analyzed the impact of biosimilars on four biologics’ prices in the US, where the prices of three biologics significantly decreased every year, with filgrastim, pegfilgrastim, and infliximab decreasing by $955, $753, and $104, respectively.

Conclusions
The introduction of biosimilars has significantly reduced the prices of biologics both globally and in the US. These findings not only demonstrate the economic benefits of increasing biosimilar utilization, but also emphasize the importance of biosimilars in controlling healthcare costs. Policies should aim to expand the availability of biosimilars to counteract the exponential growth of medical spending caused by the use of biologics.
Anti‐oxidative and anti‐inflammatory effects of Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb761) on hindlimb skeletal muscle ischemia–reperfusion injury in rats
Authors: Chen Liang‐Yi , Tai Shih‐Huang , Hung Yu‐Chang , Huang Sheng‐Yang , Kuo Zi‐Cheng , Lee Ai‐Hua , Hsu Hao‐Hsiang , Wu Tian‐Shung , Lee E‐Jian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn posterior spine surgery, retractors exert pressure on paraspinal muscles, elevating intramuscular pressure and compromising blood flow, potentially causing muscle injury during ischemia–reperfusion. Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761), known for its antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties and its role in treating cerebrovascular diseases, is investigated for its protective effects against muscle ischemia–reperfusion injury in vitro and in vivo. Animals were randomly divided into the control group, receiving normal saline, and experimental groups, receiving varying doses of EGb761 (25/50/100/200 mg/kg). A 2‐h hind limb tourniquet‐induced ischemia was followed by reperfusion. Blood samples collected pre‐ischemia and 24 h post‐reperfusion, along with muscle tissue samples after 24 h, demonstrated that EGb761 at 1000 μg/mL effectively inhibited IL‐6 and TNF‐α secretion in RAW 264.7 cells without cytotoxicity. EGb761 significantly reduced nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and increased glutathione (GSH) levels compared to the control after 24 h. Muscle tissue sections revealed more severe damage in the control group, indicating EGb761's potential in mitigating inflammatory responses and oxidative stress during ischemia–reperfusion injury, effectively protecting against muscle damage.
“My Fellow-Creatures”? Empathy for Slaves in 19th-Century British Travel Writing about America
Authors: Fruzińska Justyna 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The paper investigates descriptions of slavery in early 19th-century British travel writing about America and ponders the question of the presence of empathy in them. It shows that while most passages referring to the slaves’ situation can hardly be called empathetic, and that within the economy of suffering operating in the discussed travelogues the narrators tend to appropriate the pain of the people whom they observe, there is still a possibility of the texts in question evoking the reader’s empathy. This happens on two levels: first, the reader may empathize with the white traveler; second, and more indirectly, he/she may empathize with the black slave. The paper analyzes how such a response is produced within the said travelogues, relying mostly on Suzanne Keen’s work on narrative empathy.
Hyperbolic lattice point counting in unbounded rank
Authors: Blomer Valentin , Lutsko Christopher 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We use spectral analysis to give an asymptotic formula for the number of matrices in

SL
⁢

(
n
,
Z
)

\mathrm{SL}(n,\mathbb{Z})

of height at most 𝑇 with strong error terms, far beyond the previous known, both for small and large rank.
Markenzeichen Exil und OrientMoritz Hartmann als Auslandskorrespondent der Kölnischen Zeitung 1852–1862
Authors: Sprengel Peter 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The liberal pre-March poet and Paulskirche deputy Moritz Hartmann (1821‒1872) earned his living in exile after 1848, not least thanks to the publication of his Paris and London letters, travel features and stories in Joseph DuMont’s Kölnische Zeitung. Of fundamental importance for his reputation as a foreign correspondent was his rumour-ridden stay as a Crimean War correspondent in Turkey in 1854/55, which he himself repeatedly recalled as a trademark.
Adult syndromology: challenges, opportunities and perspectives
Authors: Schmetz Ariane , Ballesta-Martínez Maria Juliana , Isidor Bertrand , Sousa Ana Berta , Wieczorek Dagmar , Bramswig Nuria C. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Clinical geneticists and syndromologists have traditionally focused on identifying syndromes in children. However, there is a growing acknowledgment of the need to describe adult phenotypes.
This article provides an overview of the evolving phenotypes of rare genetic syndromes into adulthood, elucidating its challenges, opportunities, and future perspectives. The clinical phenotypes of four adults with Costello syndrome are described to illustrate these aspects.
Phenotypic and genotypic data from four individuals broaden the spectrum of Costello syndrome in adulthood and highlight the high variability in neurocognitive outcome. The clinical data align with previous findings and established genotype-phenotype correlations. Interestingly, two individuals presented with recurrent cancers (bladder cancer and neuroblastoma).
Further studies are imperative to provide reliable information for counselling and management to enable comprehensive understanding of the evolving features of rare syndromic diseases and special health issues into adulthood.
Effects of carboxymethylation and TEMPO oxidation on the reversibility properties of cellulose-based pH-responsive actuators
Authors: Lopes da Costa Lisa , Moreau Céline , Lourdin Denis , Cathala Bernard , Villares Ana 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Cellulose-based actuators hold great promise for diverse applications, including soft robotics, biomedicine, and electronics. Achieving reversible motion is crucial to design high performance bio-based actuators. In this study, we explore the impact of carboxymethylation and 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO) oxidation on the reversible performance of cellulose-based pH-responsive actuators. Both methods introduce negatively charged groups onto the surface of cellulose fibers, enabling increased water uptake at high pH. However, comparative analyses revealed structural differences, guiding the design of reversible actuators. Carboxymethylated CNFs (CMCNFs) displayed enhanced water uptake and pH sensitivity, attributed to their less cohesive structure. Actuation and reversibility tests on bilayer films validated these findings. This research advances the understanding of cellulose functionalization for tailored actuation, contributing to the development of programmable materials for multiple applications.
Metabolic dysregulation of tricarboxylic acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation in glioblastoma
Authors: Trejo-Solís Cristina , Serrano-García Norma , Castillo-Rodríguez Rosa Angelica , Robledo-Cadena Diana Xochiquetzal , Jimenez-Farfan Dolores , Marín-Hernández Álvaro , Silva-Adaya Daniela , Rodríguez-Pérez Citlali Ekaterina , Gallardo-Pérez Juan Carlos 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) exhibits genetic alterations that induce the deregulation of oncogenic pathways, thus promoting metabolic adaptation. The modulation of metabolic enzyme activities is necessary to generate nucleotides, amino acids, and fatty acids, which provide energy and metabolic intermediates essential for fulfilling the biosynthetic needs of glioma cells. Moreover, the TCA cycle produces intermediates that play important roles in the metabolism of glucose, fatty acids, or non-essential amino acids, and act as signaling molecules associated with the activation of oncogenic pathways, transcriptional changes, and epigenetic modifications. In this review, we aim to explore how dysregulated metabolic enzymes from the TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation, along with their metabolites, modulate both catabolic and anabolic metabolic pathways, as well as pro-oncogenic signaling pathways, transcriptional changes, and epigenetic modifications in GBM cells, contributing to the formation, survival, growth, and invasion of glioma cells. Additionally, we discuss promising therapeutic strategies targeting key players in metabolic regulation. Therefore, understanding metabolic reprogramming is necessary to fully comprehend the biology of malignant gliomas and significantly improve patient survival.
A preliminary examination of the effects of childhood abuse and resilience on pain and physical functioning in patients with knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Yoon JiHee , Kim Ayeong (Jenny) , Wilson Jenna M. , Yamin Jolin B. , Schreiber Kristin L. , Edwards Robert R. , Cornelius Marise C. , Campbell Claudia M. , Smith Michael T. , Haythornthwaite Jennifer A. , Sieberg Christine B. , Meints Samantha M. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objectives
We examined associations of a self-reported history of childhood abuse with pain and physical functioning in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) awaiting total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We also explored the potential moderating effects of positive childhood experiences (PCEs), an index of resilience, on these associations.

Methods
Prior to TKA, participants with KOA awaiting surgery (N = 239) completed self-report measures of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), PCEs, pain, and physical functioning. We evaluated associations of pain and physical functioning (Brief Pain Inventory [BPI] and Western Ontario and McMaster University of Osteoarthritis Index [WOMAC]) based on the experience of ACEs (childhood abuse), with PCEs (childhood happiness and supportive parental care) as potential moderators.

Results
Greater exposure to childhood abuse was positively correlated with BPI pain interference as well as WOMAC pain and functioning scores. Additionally, childhood happiness and supportive parental care moderated the positive associations of childhood abuse with pain and physical functioning; though, surprisingly, the adverse effects of childhood abuse on these outcomes were more pronounced among participants with high levels of childhood happiness and supportive parental care.

Conclusion
Overall, results show an association between a self-reported history of childhood abuse and pain and functioning in patients with KOA awaiting TKA. However, PCEs did not protect against the negative consequences of childhood abuse in our cohort. Further research is needed to validate these associations and gain a more comprehensive understanding of the complex interplay between childhood abuse and PCEs and their potential influences on pain experiences in adults with chronic pain conditions, including KOA.
Patient-reported pain, satisfaction, adverse effects, and deviations from ambulatory surgery pain medication
Authors: Särkilahti Iiris , Reponen Elina , Skants Noora 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Addressing the challenges of ambulatory surgery involves balancing effective pain relief with minimizing the side effects of pain medication. Due to the heightened risk of opioid abuse, Helsinki University Hospital (Finland) has had a stringent oxycodone prescription policy. This policy prompts an exploration into whether ambulatory surgery patients experience severe post-surgical pain and whether an increase in prescribed opioids would cause elevation in adverse effects.

Methods
This prospective cohort study, with a 1-week follow-up, included 111 adult ambulatory surgery patients (orthopaedics, urology). The patients documented their pain levels within the first postoperative week (using a numerical rating scale [NRS] of 0–10) and pain medication intake up to two days postoperatively. Furthermore, they completed a questionnaire assessing their satisfaction with pain relief, medication-related adverse effects, and adherence to instructions. Medication intake was cross-referenced with the provided instructions and prescriptions.

Results
A notable 56% of patients reported experiencing intense pain (NRS ≥5) within a week following surgery. Of these, 52% received a single dose of slow-release oxycodone (5–20 mg) at discharge for use on the night of surgery. Predominantly prescribed pain medications included a combination of paracetamol and codeine (64%) or ibuprofen (62%). Satisfaction rates were high, with 87% expressing satisfaction with pain medication given at hospital discharge and 90% expressing contentment with the prescribed medication. The most common adverse effects were tiredness/grogginess (45%), sleep disturbances (38%), nausea (37%), and constipation (27%). Also, 24% of patients self-reported deviations from medication instructions. A comparison of self-reported and instructed medications revealed that 14% exceeded prescribed dosages, and 28% opted for preparations different from those prescribed. Notably, patients who self-reported deviations from instructions differed from those objectively deviating from instructions.

Conclusions
Although 56% of patients had intense pain, the majority expressed satisfaction with the provided pain relief. Instances of non-adherence to medication instructions were prevalent, often going unnoticed by the patients themselves.
Eine altbabylonische Eheurkunde aus dem Irak-Museum
Authors: Hussein Laith M. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The tablet IM 8790, which comes from Nippur, dates to the 33rd year of Ḫammurapi of Babylon, and deals with the marriage of a nadītum priestess of the god Nergal, is a perfectly preserved document with both case and tablet.
Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Perilaku Masyarakat Tentang PSN 3M Plus di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Ciputat Timur Tahun 2019
Authors: Nurmala Viqha Septy , Baequni Baequni 
Published: June 2024

The eradication of DBD will be successful if PSN 3M Plus efforts are carried out systematically, continuously in the form of together movements so that it can change people’s good behavior and healthy behavior. Because of this, the purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with community behavior about PSN 3M Plus in the working area of East Ciputat Health Center in 2019. This research was a quantitative study with a cross sectional study design among 158 samples collected using a questionnaire through the interview method. The results showed that most of the community or respondents were well behaved (79,7%). Factors related are attitude and education, )). whereas, the factors that have no relationship with PSN 3M Plus behavior were knowledge, employment status, credibility, resources, family’ support, health workers support, kader support, and public figure support. The results of observations about availability of facilities, most of the community don’t have abate powder or larva eradication drugs. While the results of observations about the environment, people are still hanging clothes outside the closet, there are still ponds or lakes. The advice given is needed for community service in the environment and to apply policies or regulations on “Jumat bersih”and “Gerakan 1rumah 1 Jumantik” in the local environment.keywords: PSN 3M Plus, Behavior, Cross Sectional Abstrak Pemberantasan penyakit DBD akan berhasil dengan baik jika upaya PSN 3M Plus dilakukan dengan sistematis, terus-menerus berupa gerakan serentak sehingga dapat mengubah perilaku masyarakat ke arah perilaku yang baik dan sehat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku masyarakat tentang PSN 3M Plus di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Ciputat Timur tahun 2019. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan desain cross sectional pada 158 sampel yang dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner melalui metode wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukan sebagian besar masyarakat atau responden berperilaku dengan baik (79,7%). Faktor yang berhubungan adalah variabel sikap dan status pendidikan, sedangkan faktor yang tidak berhubungan adalah pengetahuan, status pekerjaan, kepercayaan, sumber informasi, dukungan keluarga, dukungan petugas kesehatan, dukungan kader, dukungan tokoh masyarakat. Hasil observasi tentang ketersediaan sarana sebagian besar masyarakat tidak memiliki bubuk larvasida atau obat pemberantasan jentik. Sedangkan hasil observasi tentang lingkungan, masyarakat masih menggantungkan pakaian di luar lemari, masih terdapat empang atau danau. Sehubung dengan hal tersebut, saran yang diberikan adalah diperlukan kerja bakti untuk melakukan kegiatan tersebut di lingkungan setempat dan terapkan kebijakan atau peraturan tentang Jum’at bersih dan “Gerakan 1 rumah 1 Jumantik” di lingkungan setempat.Kata kunci : PSN 3M Plus, Perilaku, Cross Sectional
Hubungan Kualitas Tidur Dengan Kecerdasan Emosional Selama Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Di Tahun 2021 Pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta
Authors: Natanel Handro Steve , Pasiak Taufiq Fredrik , Prabowo Imam , Makkiyah Feda Anisah , Nurrizka Rahmah Hida 
Published: June 2024

Sleep quality may affect many important things in life. Medical students are one of the groups at risk of experiencing poor sleep quality, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Various stressors to medical students might cause poor sleep quality and affect emotional intelligence which is an important indicator of social functioning. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between sleep quality and emotional intelligence during the COVID-19 pandemic in medical students. This research is a cross-sectional study. Data collection was done by a simple random sampling technique with a total sample of 120 respondents. Data based on the characteristics of respondents, univariate analysis, and bivariate analysis using the Spearman correlation test. The instruments used are the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Schutte Emotional Intelligence Scale. The results of the bivariate analysis showed a p-value of 0.000 < 0.05 (α) and a calculated r-value of 0.674. Therefore, it can be concluded that there is a strong relationship between sleep quality and emotional intelligence in medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic.Keywords: COVID-19 Pandemic, Emotional Intelligence, Medical Student, Sleep QualityAbstrak Tidur yang berkualitas dibutuhkan oleh makhluk hidup. Kualitas tidur yang terganggu dapat mempengaruhi kesehatan karena dapat mempengaruhi proses metabolik, kesehatan fisik, mental, kemampuan kognitif, dan kecerdasan emosional. Mahasiswa kedokteran merupakan salah satu kelompok yang berisiko mengalami kualitas tidur yang buruk, terutama di masa pandemi COVID-19. Berbagai stresor pada mahasiswa kedokteran dapat menyebabkan kualitas tidur yang buruk dan mempengaruhi kecerdasan emosional yang merupakan indikator penting dari fungsi sosial. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kualitas tidur dengan kecerdasan emosional selama pandemi COVID-19 pada mahasiswa kedokteran. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross-sectional. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik simple random sampling dengan jumlah sampel 120 responden. Data dianalisis berdasarkan karakteristik responden, analisis univariat, dan analisis bivariat menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index dan Schutte Emotional Intelligence Scale. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan nilai p-value 0,000 < 0,05 (α) dan nilai r hitung 0,674. Oleh karena itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang kuat antara kualitas tidur dengan kecerdasan emosional pada mahasiswa kedokteran selama masa pandemi COVID-19.Kata kunci: Kualitas Tidur, Kecerdasan Emosional, Mahasiswa Kedokteran, Pandemi COVID-19