bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bridging the gap between the other and me: the functional role of motor resonance and action effects in infants’ imitation
Authors: Paulus Markus , Hunnius Sabine , Vissers Marlies , Bekkering Harold 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThis paper investigates a two‐stage model of infants’ imitative learning from observed actions and their effects. According to this model, the observation of another person’s action activates the corresponding motor code in the infants’ motor repertoire (i.e. leads to motor resonance). The second process guiding imitative behavior results from the observed action effects. If the modeled action is followed by a salient action effect, the representation of this effect (i.e. perceptual code) will be associated with the activated motor code. If the infant later aims to obtain the same effect, the corresponding motor program will be activated and the model’s action will therefore be imitated. Accordingly, the model assumes that for the imitation of novel actions the modeled action needs to elicit sufficient motor resonance and must be followed by a salient action effect. Using the head touch imitation paradigm, we tested these two assumptions derived from the model. To this end, we manipulated whether the actions demonstrated to the infants were or were not in the motor repertoire, i.e. elicited stronger or less strong motor resonance, and whether they were followed by salient action effects or not. The results were in line with the proposed two‐stage model of infants’ imitative learning and suggest that motor resonance is necessary, but not sufficient for infants’ imitative learning from others’ actions and their effects.
Long‐term changes in prevalence of overweight and obesity in Czech 7‐year‐old children: evaluation of different cut‐off criteria of childhood obesity
Authors: Kunešová M. , Vignerová J. , Pařízková J. , Procházka B. , Braunerová R. , Riedlová J. , Zamrazilová H. , Hill M. , Bláha P. , Šteflová A. 
Published: April 2011

SummaryThe objective of this paper was an evaluation of change in prevalence of overweight and obesity in Czech children, and a comparison of cut‐off points for body mass index references from the Czech Republic (CzR), International Obesity Task Force and WHO. The authors conducted a survey in 7‐year‐old children, and compared data from 1951, 1981, 1991, 2001 and 2008 (WHO cut‐offs). 2008 data were evaluated according to different cut‐offs. Results showed that since 1951 in boys, overweight prevalence increased from 13.0% in 1951 to 26.8% in 2001, in girls from 10.9% to 22.9%. Obesity increased in boys from 1.7% to 8.3%, in girls from 1.7% to 6.9%. From 2001 to 2008 obesity in boys increased; obesity in girls and overweight in both genders decreased. In 2008 cohort the following values were found: overweight and obesity: CzR criteria, percentage was lowest (14.8% boys and 11.1% girls); WHO criteria, highest prevalence (23.5% boys and 19.5% girls); obesity: lowest ratio International Obesity Task Force criteria (4.4% boys, 3.3% girls), highest ratio boys WHO criteria (10.0%), girls CzR criteria (5.0%). Overweight and obesity prevalence increased in 7‐year‐old Czech children since 1951; since 2001 prevalence is plateauing with exception of boys. Using different body mass index references resulted in marked differences in overweight and obesity prevalence.
Maori1 commercial fisheries governance in Aotearoa2/New Zealand within the bounds of a neoliberal fisheries management regime
Authors: Memon P. Ali , Kirk Nicholas A. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractRecent literature on natural resource governance has highlighted the consequences of a strong imprint of neoliberal political ideologies on current environmental policies. A parallel theme in the recent literature relates to claims pertaining to ownership and management of natural resources by indigenous minorities in post‐colonial Western democracies who have been historically marginalised and impoverished by the aftermath of European colonisation. Recently, in order to respond to indigenous demands to settle long‐standing grievances for the return of their ancestral lands and natural resources, some post‐colonial governments have encouraged the development of indigenous self‐governance and co‐management initiatives to manage natural resources such as fisheries and forests. Based on a study of the recent Maori fisheries restitution policy initiatives in Aotearoa/New Zealand, this paper presents a preliminary interrogation of the new hybrid indigenous fisheries governance spaces within the bounds of a neoliberal fisheries management regime.
Peacebuilding, gender and policing in Solomon Islands
Authors: Greener B.K. , Fish W.J. , Tekulu K. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractUN Security Council Resolution 1325 calls for a gender perspective to be integrated into the resolution of conflicts. This responsibility manifests itself in a number of more specific proposals, some easily assessable, others less so. In this paper, we begin by considering the success of the Regional Assistance Mission to Solomon Islands (RAMSI) – the poster child for peacebuilding efforts – at meeting these specific proposals. In light of this, we then go on to suggest ways in which RAMSI might meet greater success in fully integrating gender considerations in Solomon Islands by blending sensitivity to gender‐based considerations together with a deeper sensitivity to cultural considerations, including cultural understandings of core notions such as ‘policing’ and ‘justice’.
Small arms, violence and gender in Papua New Guinea: Towards a research agenda
Authors: Capie David 
Published: April 2011

AbstractAmong Pacific states, Papua New Guinea (PNG) has attracted the most attention from researchers looking at problems caused by small arms and light weapons. There is now a substantive body of work cataloguing different aspects of the country's problems with firearms and gun violence. This research sits alongside a large scholarly literature on violence in PNG and the connection between violence, gender and masculine identities. There has, however, been strikingly little research bringing these literatures together and looking directly at the gendered dimensions of PNG's gun violence. This paper explores some connections between small arms, violence and gender in PNG. After providing a general overview of small arms issues in PNG, it examines the misuse of firearms in urban crime and inter‐communal fighting in the Highlands, specifically noting the limited evidence that is available about the differently gendered consequences of gun violence. It identifies three potential areas for further research: exploring the relationship between changing notions of masculinity and demand for firearms; gender and PNG's growing private security industry; and fragile signs of change in the role of women in the PNG Defence Force.
Union Commitment and Activism in Britain and the United States: Searching for Synthesis and Synergy for Renewal
Authors: Gall Gregor , Fiorito Jack 
Published: April 2011

AbstractWe propose a fuller synthesis between two relatively disjointed literatures to create synergy. Union commitment research has a long tradition and a relatively rigorous orientation grounded in industrial psychology. Recently, it has been eclipsed by emerging research on union renewal, and specifically that on union organizing. Renewal research has largely ignored union commitment research even though union renewal literature stresses the importance of activism, and this concept is strongly linked to commitment. A critical synthesis of these literatures yields progress in terms of addressing key qualitative and quantitative aspects of the contemporary crisis of labour unionism. A tentative framework is constructed that stipulates the main components and variables, and offers guidance for future research.
THE IMPACT OF ANTI‐TERRORISM EXPENDITURE ON ECONOMIC GROWTH AND WELFARE
Authors: Yang Cheng‐Lang , Lin Hung‐Pin , Chen Chien‐Yuan 
Published: April 2011

ABSTRACTThis paper examines the effects of increasing anti‐terrorism expenditure on economic growth rate and social welfare. It is shown that: (i) spending the least amount possible on anti‐terrorism expenditure will lead to a maximum economic growth rate; and (ii) to achieve maximum social welfare, the government should allocate its budget to anti‐terrorism expenditure. The results shed light on why the US government has chosen to uphold and pursue its anti‐terrorism policies in recent years to present day.
Contemplative Pedagogy: Frequently Asked Questions
Authors: Coburn Tom , Grace Fran , Klein Anne Carolyn , Komjathy Louis , Roth Harold , Simmer‐Brown Judith 
Published: April 2011

AbstractContemplative Pedagogy is a new and sometimes controversial pedagogical practice. Faculty often have basic questions about how to implement the pedagogy in their classrooms, in addition to questions that challenge the educational value and appropriateness of the practice. Assembled here are the most frequently asked questions about Contemplative Pedagogy, with responses from six contemplative professors, each from a different institutional and philosophical location. The respondents are founding members of the Contemplative Studies Consultation of the American Academy of Religion. The diversity of views expressed by the respondents invites the reader to see that there is no single theory or praxis of contemplative pedagogy.
“There Is a Lot of Junk on the Web!”: Using Web Site Evaluation in an Introductory Religion Course
Authors: Junior Nyasha , Edwards Amy 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThis essay describes a web site evaluation project which served as the final assignment for an undergraduate “Introduction to Religion” course. The essay discusses lessons learned from the design and implementation of this web‐based research assignment over three consecutive semesters. It includes insights from an instructor and a reference librarian who collaborated on this project.
Web‐based GIS Approaches to Enhance Public Participation in Wind Farm Planning
Authors: Berry Robert , Higgs Gary , Fry Richard , Langford Mitch 
Published: April 2011

AbstractPlanning information pertaining to the potential visual impacts of proposed construction developments is particularly important in the case of wind farm planning, given the high levels of concern amongst members of the public regarding the perceived negative visual impacts of wind turbines on the landscape. Previous research has highlighted the shortcomings associated with traditional visualization techniques used to assess these impacts, and also the means by which such information is then disseminated to the wider public during the consultation stages of the wind farm planning process. This research is concerned with examining the potential of Web‐based mapping and digital landscape visualization techniques for addressing some of these shortcomings. This article reports the findings of a Web‐based survey study designed to evaluate the potential of online GIS‐based approaches for improving the effectiveness and dissemination of wind farm visualizations and enhancing public participation in the wind farm planning process. Results from the survey study add to the research literature by demonstrating how innovative Web‐based approaches have real potential for augmenting existing methods of information provision and public participation in the planning process. The findings of this study are also potentially transferrable to other landscape planning scenarios.
Weka‐STPM: a Software Architecture and Prototype for Semantic Trajectory Data Mining and Visualization
Authors: Bogorny Vania , Avancini Hercules , de Paula Bruno Cesar , Kuplich Cassiano Rocha , Alvares Luis Otavio 
Published: April 2011

AbstractEnormous quantities of trajectory data are collected from many sources, such as GPS devices and mobile phones, as sequences of spatio‐temporal points. These data can be used in many application domains such as traffic management, urban planning, tourism, bird migration, and so on. Raw trajectory data, as generated by mobile devices have very little or no semantics, and in most applications a higher level of abstraction is needed to exploit these data for decision making. Although several different methods have been proposed so far for trajectory querying and mining, there are no software tools to help the end user with semantic trajectory data analysis. In this article we present a software architecture for semantic trajectory data mining as well as the first software prototype to enrich trajectory data with both semantic information and data mining. As a prototype we extend the Weka data mining toolkit with the module Weka‐STPM, which is interoperable with databases constructed under OGC specifications. We tested Weka‐STPM with real geographic databases, and trajectory data stored under the Postgresql/PostGIS DBMS.
An Empirical Examination of Export Variety: Regional Heterogeneity within a Nation
Authors: Yoshida Yushi 
Published: April 2011

AbstractRecognising that similar goods are produced in different subregions within a country, we offer new evidence of variety expansion in a nation’s exports. We divide Japanese national exports into 41 prefectural subregions with over 7,000 product categories and construct subregional export margins for the years between 1988 and 2005. First, we find strong evidence of regional heterogeneity in terms of export product coverage, and the export variety of most regions expands in our sample period. Second, we find that the extensive margin accounts for over 60 per cent of the increase in exports of larger subregions, similar to the findings in the international cross‐country study. These findings imply that accounting for export variety in terms of new exports from subregions within a country strengthens the contribution of extensive margin in the growth of exports.
Foreign Direct Investment Spillovers: Evidence from the British Retail Sector
Authors: Higón Dolores Añón , Vasilakos Nicholas 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThis paper discusses the impact of foreign‐ownership presence on the productivity performance of British‐owned domestic retailers. In particular, we analyse the existence of productivity spillovers, in the form of knowledge transfer, by using establishment‐level data from the Annual Respondents Database over the period 1997–2003. The results confirm the presence of such spillovers and highlight their positive and significant impact on the productivity of domestic firms, although these spillovers are mostly confined to the region in which foreign subsidiaries locate. There is also evidence that the productivity benefit from regional foreign direct investment spillovers increases with the absorptive capacity of domestic retailers.
Exchange‐rate Misalignments in Duopoly: The Case of Airbus and Boeing
Authors: Bénassy‐Quéré Agnès , Fontagné Lionel , Raff Horst 
Published: April 2011

AbstractWe examine the effect of exchange‐rate misalignments on competition in the market for large commercial aircraft. This market is a duopoly where players compete in dollar‐denominated prices while one of them, Airbus, incurs a large fraction of its costs in euro. We estimate price elasticities for big aircraft, and construct a simulation model to investigate how companies adjust their prices to deal with the effects of a temporary misalignment and how this affects profit margins and volumes. We conclude that, due to the duopolistic nature of the aircraft market, Airbus will pass only a small part of the exchange‐rate fluctuations on to customers. Moreover, due to features specific to the aircraft industry, such as customer switching costs and learning‐by‐doing, even a temporary departure of the exchange rate from its long‐run equilibrium level may have permanent effects on the industry.
Investment History and Market Orientation Effects in the TFP–FDI Relationship1
Authors: Kukulski Jeffrey , Ryan Michael 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThis paper examines the robustness of previous stochastic dominance tests that find significant total factor productivity (TFP) heterogeneity between firms that export abroad and multinational enterprises (MNEs). We extend this literature by focusing on how ‘within‐MNE’ heterogeneity affects the extent to which one can identify the TFP threshold in the exporter–MNE TFP relationship. Within‐MNE heterogeneity is established by determining both the number and location of the foreign affiliates established by each MNE. In this way, we separate single‐affiliate MNEs from those with multiple affiliates, as well as analyse the role played by vertical FDI, a topic typically ignored in previous stochastic dominance tests of the Helpman et al. (2004, American Economic Review, 94, 300–16) hypothesis. Our empirical tests employ Japanese firm‐level FDI and TFP data for the period 1975–2000. Using Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests to determine stochastic dominance, we find significant TFP heterogeneity within the MNE group based on investment history and affiliate geographic location. While our results confirm the standard HMY three‐tiered classification to exist for Japanese firms, exporter–MNE ‘between‐group’ TFP heterogeneity is sensitive to the ‘within‐MNE’ investment history heterogeneity. We note that single‐ and two‐affiliate MNEs are statistically more similar to exporting firms than to MNEs with greater foreign affiliate totals. This shows the exporter–MNE TFP threshold to be not as explicit as Helpman et al. (2004, American Economic Review, 94, 300–16) suggest. In fact, our results allow us to identify the MNE‐side width of Girma et al.’s (2005, Economic Letters, 83, 317–24) ‘uncertainty region’ surrounding this threshold. Finally, we also find a strong TFP–market orientation relationship exists where the most productive firms follow complex integration strategies, lesser TFP firms do horizontal FDI, and the least productive MNEs do vertical FDI.
Emergency department consultations for patients with neurological emergencies
Authors: Hansen C. K. , Fisher J. , Joyce N. , Edlow J. A. 
Published: April 2011

Background:  The spectrum of neurological emergencies that front‐line physicians encounter is diverse. Appropriate assessment and neurological consultation is essential to good patient outcomes because many of these conditions depend on the rapid initiation of proper therapy.Methods:  In this retrospective study, we reviewed patients for whom the emergency physician elected to consult a neurologist to categorize the types of complaints, resources utilized, patient disposition and final diagnoses.Results:  Of the 500 patients analyzed in our study, the most common chief complaints were focal weakness (22%), headache (18.2%), dizziness or vertigo (16%), and seizure (14.2%). The most common reasons for neurological consultation were specific symptom (70.6%), concern for a specific diagnosis (17.4%), specific radiologic finding (9.2%), and ambiguity in the diagnosis (2.8%). Overall stroke accounted for 18.6% of the cases in our study. Non‐contrast brain computed tomography was the most common imaging study (72.2%), and 37.0% of patients received advanced neuroimaging. The presentation of patients varied as 47% presented without having been seen by another healthcare professional, 24% were referred to the emergency department (ED) following by some other outpatient provider for evaluation, and 29% were transferred from another ED.Conclusions:  Patients with neurological emergencies are common and consume a disproportionate amount of resources in the ED. Emergency physician training must target the modern evaluation of patients with a large variety of neurological emergencies and place special emphasis on the evaluation of patients with weakness, seizures, headache, and dizziness.
NSAID use and risk of Parkinson disease: a population‐based case‐control study
Authors: Becker C. , Jick S. S. , Meier C. R. 
Published: April 2011

Background:  Previous epidemiologic studies have produced inconsistent findings regarding the association between the use of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and the risk of Parkinson disease (PD).Methods:  We conducted a case–control analysis using the General Practice Research Database. Cases (≥40 years) had a new diagnosis of PD between 1994 and 2009. We matched four controls to each PD case on age, sex, general practice, and index date. Use of NSAIDs, aspirin, and acetaminophen was stratified by exposure timing and duration for both cases and controls. We calculated odds ratios (OR) using conditional logistic regression. For additional analyses, the index date was brought backward 1, 2, and 3 years, respectively.Results:  We identified 4026 cases with an incident idiopathic PD diagnosis and 15 969 matched controls. Compared with patients without any previous prescription for NSAIDs, those with prior use had no increased risk of a PD diagnosis (OR 1.07, 95% CI 0.99–1.16). Long‐term use (≥15 prescriptions) was associated with a slightly lower PD risk (adjusted OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.83–1.07). The relative PD risks of the use of aspirin or acetaminophen were not materially higher (PD risk of long‐term use: adjusted ORs 1.16, 95% CI 1.03–1.30 and 1.15, 95% CI 1.02–1.30, respectively) compared with those for non‐users. The risk estimate diminished toward the null in subsequent analyses with shifted index dates.Conclusion:  In this large observational study with data from the UK primary care, the long‐term use of NSAIDs, aspirin, or acetaminophen was not associated with a substantially altered risk of developing PD.
Apolipoprotein D alters the early transcriptional response to oxidative stress in the adult cerebellum
Authors: Bajo‐Grañeras Raquel , Sanchez Diego , Gutierrez Gabriel , González Constancio , Do Carmo Sonia , Rassart Eric , Ganfornina Maria D. 
Published: April 2011

J. Neurochem. (2011) 117, 949–960.AbstractThe lipocalin Apolipoprotein D (ApoD), known to protect the nervous system against oxidative stress (OS) in model organisms, is up‐regulated early in the mouse brain in response to the ROS generator paraquat. However, the processes triggered by this up‐regulation have not been explored. We present here a study of the effect of ApoD on the early transcriptional changes upon OS in the mouse cerebellum using microarray profiling. ApoD‐KO and transgenic mice over‐expressing ApoD in neurons are compared to wild‐type controls. In control conditions, ApoD affects the transcriptional profile of neuron and oligodendrocyte‐specific genes involved in neuronal excitability, synaptic function, and myelin homeostasis. When challenged with paraquat, the absence of ApoD modifies the response of genes mainly related to OS management and myelination. Interestingly, the over‐expression of ApoD in neurons almost completely abolishes the early transcriptional response to OS. We independently evaluate the expression of protein kinase Cδ, a gene up‐regulated by OS only in the ApoD‐KO cerebellum, and find it over‐expressed in cultured ApoD‐KO primary astrocytes, which points to a role for ApoD in astrocyte‐microglia signaling. Our results support the hypothesis that ApoD is necessary for a proper response of the nervous system against physiological and pathological OS.