bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thigh and Knee Circumference, Knee‐Extension Strength, and Functional Performance After Fast‐Track Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Holm Bente , Kristensen Morten Tange , Husted Henrik , Kehlet Henrik , Bandholm Thomas 
Published: February 2011

ObjectiveTo (1) quantify changes in knee‐extension strength and functional‐performance at discharge after fast‐track total hip arthroplasty (THA) and (2) investigate whether these changes correlate to changes in thigh and knee circumference (ie, swelling) or pain.DesignA prospective, descriptive, hypothesis‐generating study.SettingA special unit for fast‐track hip and knee arthroplasty operations at a university hospital.ParticipantsTwenty‐four patients (20 women and 4 men; ages 69 ± 6.1 years) scheduled for primary unilateral THA.MethodsAll patients were evaluated before surgery and on the day of hospital discharge.Main Outcome MeasuresKnee‐extension strength, thigh and knee joint circumference, hip pain, and functional performance (Timed Up & Go, 30‐Second Chair Stand, and 10‐Meter Walk tests).ResultsAll investigated variables changed significantly from before to after surgery, except for hip pain. The average loss in knee‐extension strength after surgery (32%, P = .01) did not correlate with increased thigh circumference (6%, P < .01) or knee circumference (3%, P < .01) or with reductions in functional performance: Timed Up & Go test (114%, P = .01), 30‐Second Chair Stand test (36%, P = .01), and 10‐Meter Walk test (50%, P < .01). Only the increase in knee circumference correlated significantly with reduced performance in the 10‐Meter Walk test time (R = −0.59, P < .01), explaining 34% of the variance in the 10‐Meter Walk test. No correlations between changes in hip pain and functional performance or knee‐extension strength were found. Mean postoperative hospital stay was 2.1 days.ConclusionsKnee‐extension strength is considerably reduced at discharge after THA, but the early strength reduction does not correlate with changes in thigh or knee circumferences. Because functional performance is also considerably reduced at discharge (unrelated to reduced knee‐extension strength), other mechanisms such as fear, avoidance of movement, or decreased hip‐muscle strength also may be involved.
Comparison of Quadriceps Angle Measurements Using Short‐Arm and Long‐Arm Goniometers: Correlation With MRI
Authors: Draper Christine E. , Chew Kelvin T.L. , Wang Roberta , Jennings Fabio , Gold Garry E. , Fredericson Michael 
Published: February 2011

ObjectiveTo compare the reliability of quadriceps‐angle (Q‐angle) measurements performed using a short‐arm goniometer and a long‐arm goniometer and to assess the accuracy of goniometer‐based Q‐angle measurements compared with anatomic Q angles derived from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).DesignAn intra‐ and interobserver reliability study.SettingUniversity hospital.ParticipantsEighteen healthy subjects with no history of knee pain, trauma, or prior surgery were examined.MethodsTwo physicians, blinded to subject identity, measured Q angles on both knees of all subjects using 2 goniometers: (1) a short‐arm goniometer and (2) a long‐arm goniometer. Q angles were derived from axial MRIs of the subjects' hip and knees.Main Outcome MeasurementsThe intra‐ and interobserver reliabilities of each goniometer were assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The comparison between clinical and MRI‐based Q angles was assessed by using the ICC and a paired t‐test.ResultsIntra‐ and interobserver reliabilities of the long‐arm goniometer (intraobserver ICC, 0.92; interobserver ICC, 0.88) were better than those of the short‐arm goniometer (intraobserver ICC, 0.78; interobserver ICC, 0.56). Although both goniometers measured Q angles that were moderately correlated to the MRI‐based measurements (ICC, 0.40), the clinical Q angles were underestimated compared with the MRI‐based anatomic Q angles (P < .05).ConclusionThe results of this study suggest that, although reproducible Q‐angle measurements can be performed using standardized patient positioning and a long‐arm goniometer, methods to improve the accuracy of clinical Q‐angle measurements are needed.
The Deep Neck Flexor Endurance Test: Normative Data Scores in Healthy Adults
Authors: Domenech Manuel A. , Sizer Phil S. , Dedrick Gregory S. , McGalliard Michael K. , Brismee Jean‐Michel 
Published: February 2011

ObjectiveTo investigate (1) the average hold time for the deep neck flexors (DNF) endurance test in subjects without neck pain or pathology, and (2) whether different groups of subjects categorized by age, gender, and lifestyle display different hold times.DesignNormative research.PatientsA convenience sample of 126 adults participated.MethodsIntertester reliability of 4 therapists was evaluated by using intraclass correlation coefficients. The DNF endurance test hold time was conducted on each subject twice. The 2 hold‐time scores were averaged and recorded.ResultsInter‐rater reliability coefficient of reproducibility for DNF muscle endurance measured by 4 physical therapists was ICC (2,k) 0.66 (confidence interval, 0.34‐0.86). The mean (SD) DNF endurance hold times for men was 38.9 ± 20.1 seconds, whereas women was 29.4 ± 13.7 seconds. Results of the 2 × 2 analysis of variance indicated that gender significantly influenced DNF endurance (F = 8.643; P = .004), whereas, the activity level did not (F = 3.143; P = .079). Correlations were not significant between age and DNF endurance (r = 0.11; P = .2) and between activity level and DNF endurance (r = −0.156; P = .08).ConclusionsAsymptomatic men displayed greater DNF endurance than women. The variability between subjects' DNF endurance capabilities was high. Age between 20 and 80 years and activity level did not affect DNF endurance. This is the first normative data set available for the DNF endurance test, which lays the foundation for further research in subjects with a history of cervicalgia and assists clinicians to objectify a milestone for DNF endurance deficits in patients.
Intersection K-theory for isolated conical singularities
Authors: Legrand André , Poutriquet David 
Published: February 2011

AbstractStarting from the Karoubi multiplicative K-theory, we construct a Chern-Weil theory adapted to isolated conical singularities. The Chern character takes its values in the intersection cohomology of Goresky-MacPherson. We also propose an integer intersection K-theory for such singularities.
A discussion support model for a regional dairy–pasture system with an example from Réunion island
Authors: NIDUMOLU U. B. , LUBBERS M. , ALARY V. , LECOMTE P. , VAN KEULEN H. 
Published: February 2011

SUMMARYRéunion Island, situated in the Indian Ocean, presents a unique case study for modelling regional bio-economic parameters of the dairy industry. It is a good example of a closed system for several parameters of the model such as movement of animals, labour, consumption and available land. The existence of several agro-ecological zones from tropical to temperate, and various different types of terrain and vegetation presents another unique opportunity to study the impact of these features on the dairy industry. The present study models the dairy sector at a regional (island) level to study the impact of new or adapted agricultural policies in relation to changes in subsidy levels, price fluctuations and environmental policies (mainly nitrogen management). The model can be used to generate a number of scenarios to explore the effects of various policy measures, such as fixing the stocking rate according to EU norms, increasing or decreasing the milk subsidy, intensification (such as an increase in milk production to the allotted quota of 40 million litres/yr) and varying labour/price constraints (such as a reduction in labour hours or an increase or decrease in the milk price). The model is being utilized by the local dairy cooperative as a discussion support tool to study the implications at the regional scale of expanding the sector and assessing its economic, environmental and social impact.
The Influence of Affect on Beliefs, Preferences, and Financial Decisions
Authors: Kuhnen Camelia M. , Knutson Brian 
Published: February 2011

AbstractNeuroeconomics research shows that brain areas that generate emotional states also process information about risk, rewards, and punishments, suggesting that emotions influence financial decisions in a predictable and parsimonious way. We find that positive emotional states such as excitement induce people to take risks and to be confident in their ability to evaluate investment options, while negative emotions such as anxiety have the opposite effects. Beliefs are updated so as to maintain a positive emotional state by ignoring information that contradicts individuals’ prior choices. Marketplace features or outcomes of past choices may change emotions and thus influence future financial decisions.
PLOTINUS ARABUS RIDES AGAIN
Authors: Hansberger Rotraud 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe extant texts of the Arabic Plotinus contain material fromEnneadsIV-VI without, however, covering the Plotinian treatises in their entirety, nor preserving their traditional order – a circumstance which raises questions about scope and structure of the original Arabic Plotinus source. This article aims to contribute to the discussion by presenting newly discovered fragments of an Arabic translation ofEnneadIV.6 (On sense-perception and memory), one of the ten treatises that are not represented in the Arabic Plotinus corpus as it is currently known. Section I of the article introduces the text within which the new fragments are found:MaqālaI ofKitāb al-Ḥiss wa-al-maḥsūs, the Arabic adaptation of Aristotle'sParva Naturalia. In Section II the Arabic fragments are presented in comparison with their Greek counterparts. Section III addresses the question whether these new fragments stem from the same original translation as the other fragments of the Arabic Plotinus. Section IV discusses the implications which the appearance of the new fragments may have for our views on the Arabic Plotinus as well as on the genesis ofKitāb al-Ḥiss wa-al-maḥsūs.
LE STATUT DE LA RAISON PRATIQUE CHEZ AVEMPACE
Authors: Abbès Makram 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThis paper seeks to draw attention to the existence of strong practical rationality in the work of Avempace, despite the primacy of theoretical reason, and of the search for an intelligible that is devoid of any link with the material and considered itself as the supreme end of human existence. The arguments used to defend the idea entail analysing the concept of “prudence” in Avempace, as well as that of “right thinking”, which is prominent in the determination of the way of life that philosophers must adopt in unjust cities. In addition, the elucidation of these aspects is a measure of the intellectual distance between Avempace and the mystics, both on the ethical-political and ontotheological levels.
IBN BĀJJA ON MEDICINE AND MEDICAL EXPERIENCE
Authors: Forcada Miquel 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThis article lists the medical works written by Ibn Bājja, overviews those that have come down to us and studies the super-commentary of Galen's commentary to Hippocrates'Aphorisms(Sharḥ fī al-Fuṣūl). This text shows a deep influence of al-Fārābī, namely in a conception of medical experience which stems from the latter's construal of experience (tajriba) as the inductive process described by Aristotle inPosterior Analyticswhich brings the premises of demonstration. On this basis, Ibn Bājja advocated for a less scholastic, more empiric medicine, and his claim was echoed by Ibn Rushd. There are some similarities between Ibn Bājja's text and Ibn Rushd'sK. al-Kulliyyāt fī al-ṭibbwhich suggest that the latter had readSharḥ fī al-Fuṣūl.This work gives moreover some evidence that human dissection could have been performed during Ibn Bājja's time.
SCIENCE IN ADAB LITERATURE
Authors: Lettinck Paul 
Published: February 2011

AbstractBooks belonging to adab literature present material about a variety of subjects, considered from various points of view, such as religious, scientific, historical, literary, etc. They contain knowledge and at the same time entertainment for educated people. Here we consider the content of two adab works, insofar as they discuss subjects from the scientific point of view: (an extract of) Faṣl al-Khiṭāb by al-Tīfāshī (d. 1253) and Mabāhij al-fikar wa-manāhij al-ʿibar by al-Waṭwāṭ (d. 1318).Al-Tīfāshī's work discusses astronomical and meteorological subjects. The passages on astronomy give the usual Aristotelian cosmological picture of the world in a simplified version for non-specialists. The passages on meteorological subjects explain these phenomena in agreement with Aristotle's theory of the double exhalation, and it appears that they are based to a large extent on Ibn Sīnā's interpretation of this theory.The book of al-Waṭwāṭ consists of four sections, which deal with the heaven, the earth, animals and plants respectively. One chapter of the first section deals with meteorological phenomena and presents a survey of the explanations current in his time, such as may be found in the works of al-Kindī and Ibn Sīnā.One will probably not find new and original scientific ideas in the adab literature, but one gets an impression of how besides knowledge of Qurʾān, ḥadīth, poetry and literary prose scientific knowledge was a part of the education of a certain class of people, also of those whose special interest was not science. It also appears that the subjects of science were not restricted to those which were useful for religion and Muslim society. Science was an integrated activity in society, pursued for intellectual satisfaction and pleasure in knowledge, and most groups in that society held that there was nothing in it that would be incompatible with Islam as a religion. This would support the ‘appropriation thesis’ defended by Sabra, that science in medieval Islamic society was well assimilated and widely accepted, as opposed to the the ‘marginality thesis’ adopted by von Grünebaum, that science was a marginal activity, restricted to small elite circles and not rooted in society.
A première vue, marqueur d'aspectde dicto
Authors: LENEPVEU VERONIQUE 
Published: February 2011

RESUMEOn se propose d'étudier le fonctionnement sémantico-pragmatique de la locution adverbialeà première vuequand elle introduit un point de vue au sens de Nølke (1994) et qu'elle joue un rôle de « cadratif » prospectif (Charolles 1997). Dans cette perspective, nous nous intéressons aux enchaînements discursifs plus ou moins stéréotypés dans lesquels s'inscrit la locution. En particulier, nous établissons une relation entreà première vueet des expressions qui signalent une évolution dans le temps du jugement du locuteur (à y regarder de plus près, en y réfléchissant, tout bien réfléchi, tout compte fait, tout bien considéré, . . .).
ALTERNATING EULER SUMS AND SPECIAL VALUES OF THE WITTEN MULTIPLE ZETA FUNCTION ATTACHED TO
Authors: ZHAO JIANQIANG 
Published: February 2011

AbstractWe study the Witten multiple zeta function associated with the Lie algebra$\so $. Our main result shows that its special values at nonnegative integers are always expressible by alternating Euler sums. More precisely, every such special value of weightwat least 2 is a finite ℚ-linear combination of alternating Euler sums of weightwand depth at most 2, except when the only nonzero argument is one of the two last variables, in which caseζ(w−1) is needed.
Tailoring the magnetism of GaMnAs films by ion irradiation
Authors: Lin Li  , S D Yao  , Shengqiang Zhou  , D Bürger  , O Roshchupkina  , S Akhmadaliev  , A W Rushforth  , R P Campion  , J Fassbender  , M Helm  , B L Gallagher  , C Timm  , H Schmidt  
Published: February 2011

In this paper the affiliation of S D Yao is incorrect. The correct affiliation should be:1State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of ChinaAlso, the address for the second affiliation has changed to:2Institut für Ionenstrahlphysik und Materialforschung, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Bautzner Landstraße 128, 01328 Dresden, Germany
Flower: extracting information from pyrosequencing data
Authors: Malde Ketil 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
Summary: The SFF file format produced by Roche's 454 sequencing technology is a compact, binary format that contains the flow values that are used for base and quality calling of the reads. Applications, e.g. in metagenomics, often depend on accurate sequence information, and access to flow values is important to estimate the probability of errors. Unfortunately, the programs supplied by Roche for accessing this information are not publicly available. Flower is a program that can extract the information contained in SFF files, and convert it to various textual output formats.
Availability: Flower is freely available under the General Public License.
Contact: ketil.malde@imr.no
Condensing biomedical journal texts through paragraph ranking
Authors: Chiang Jung-Hsien , Liu Heng-Hui , Huang Yi-Ting 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
Motivation: The growing availability of full-text scientific articles raises the important issue of how to most efficiently digest full-text content. Although article titles and abstracts provide accurate and concise information on an article's contents, their brevity inevitably entails the loss of detail. Full-text articles provide those details, but require more time to read. The primary goal of this study is to combine the advantages of concise abstracts and detail-rich full-texts to ease the burden of reading.
Results: We retrieved abstract-related paragraphs from full-text articles through shared keywords between the abstract and paragraphs from the main text. Significant paragraphs were then recommended by applying a proposed paragraph ranking approach. Finally, the user was provided with a condensed text consisting of these significant paragraphs, allowing the user to save time from perusing the whole article. We compared the performance of the proposed approach with a keyword counting approach and a PageRank-like approach. Evaluation was conducted in two aspects: the importance of each retrieved paragraph and the information coverage of a set of retrieved paragraphs. In both evaluations, the proposed approach outperformed the other approaches.
Contact: jchiang@mail.ncku.edu.tw
Distribution of Epidural Saline Upon Injection and the Epidural Volume Effect in Pregnant Women
Authors: Higuchi Hideyuki , Takagi Shunichi , Onuki Eriko , Fujita Nobuko , Ozaki Makoto 
Published: February 2011

Background
How injected epidural solution is distributed and affects the epidural volume in pregnant women are unclear.

Methods
Lumbar epidural catheters were placed using the loss-of-resistance technique with saline in eight full-term (39 weeks' gestation) parturients for labor and eight volunteer nonpregnant women. Lumbosacral cerebrospinal fluid volume was measured on thoracic and lumbosacral axial magnetic resonance images. Another image series was obtained after injecting 10 ml saline into the epidural space through the catheter to compare the saline distribution (dural sac coating and exit from foramina) and cerebrospinal fluid volume before and after epidural injection. Dural sac coating was based on observation of epidural saline in the anterior epidural space after injection in axial magnetic resonance images at the pedicle levels from T12 to L5. Saline leakage from the foramina was determined by the same method at six disc levels from T11-T12 to L4-L5.

Results
Significantly fewer images of pregnant women than nonpregnant women showed saline surrounding the dural sac (0 [0-0] vs. 3 [1-4], median [interquartile range]; P < 0.01) and saline leakage from the foramina (0 [0-1] vs. 6 [4-6]; P < 0.01). The mean reduction in cerebrospinal fluid volume was significantly greater in pregnant (8.4 ± 1.4 ml; mean ± SD) than in nonpregnant women (4.6 ± 1.1 ml; P < 0.001).

Conclusion
Limited dural sac coating and decreased leakage from the foramina of saline injected into the epidural space may account for the facilitation of longitudinal spread of epidural analgesia in pregnant women. The epidural volume effect is greater in pregnant than in nonpregnant women.
Prognostic Value of Troponin and Creatine Kinase Muscle and Brain Isoenzyme Measurement after Noncardiac Surgery
Authors: Levy Michael , Heels-Ansdell Diane , Hiralal Rajesh , Bhandari Mohit , Guyatt Gordon , Yusuf Salim , Cook Deborah , Villar Juan Carlos , McQueen Matthew , McFalls Edward , Filipovic Miodrag , Schünemann Holger , Sear John , Foex Pierre , Lim Wendy , Landesberg Giora , Godet Gilles , Poldermans Don , Bursi Francesca , Kertai Miklos D. , Bhatnagar Neera , Devereaux P. J. 
Published: February 2011

Background
There is uncertainty regarding the prognostic value of troponin and creatine kinase muscle and brain isoenzyme measurements after noncardiac surgery.

Methods
The current study undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis. The study used six search strategies and included noncardiac surgery studies that provided data from a multivariable analysis assessing whether a postoperative troponin or creatine kinase muscle and brain isoenzyme measurement was an independent predictor of mortality or a major cardiovascular event. Independent investigators determined study eligibility and abstracted data in duplicate.

Results
Fourteen studies, enrolling 3,318 patients and 459 deaths, demonstrated that an increased troponin measurement after surgery was an independent predictor of mortality (odds ratio [OR] 3.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.2-5.2), but there was substantial heterogeneity (I(2) = 56%). The independent prognostic capabilities of an increased troponin value after surgery in the 10 studies that assessed intermediate-term (≤ 12 months) mortality was an OR = 6.7 (95% CI 4.1-10.9, I(2) = 0%) and in the 4 studies that assessed long-term (more than 12 months) mortality was an OR = 1.8 (95% CI 1.4-2.3, I(2) = 0%; P < 0.001 for test of interaction). Four studies, including 1,165 patients and 202 deaths, demonstrated an independent association between an increased creatine kinase muscle and brain isoenzyme measurement after surgery and mortality (OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.5-4.0, I(2) = 4%).

Conclusions
An increased troponin measurement after surgery is an independent predictor of mortality, particularly within the first year; limited data suggest an increased creatine kinase muscle and brain isoenzyme measurement also predicts subsequent mortality. Monitoring troponin measurements after noncardiac surgery may allow physicians to better risk stratify and manage their patients.