bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kuicolong-yu enema decoction retains traditional Chinese medicine enema attenuates inflammatory response ulcerative colitis through TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway
Authors: Han Li , Tang Kun , Fang Xiao-Li , Xu Jing-Xi , Mao Xi-Yun , Li Ming 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND
Ulcer colitis (UC) is a chronic, nonspecific, and noninfectious inflammatory bowel disease. Recently, Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have been found to be closely associated with clinical inflammatory diseases. Achieving complete remission in patients with intermittent periods of activity followed by dormancy is challenging. Moreover, no study has explored the mechanism by which Kuicolong-yu enema decoction retains traditional Chinese medicine enemas to attenuate the inflammatory response in UC.
AIM
To explore the mechanism by which Kuicolong-yu enema decoction retains traditional Chinese medicine enemas to attenuate the inflammatory response in UC.
METHODS
This prospective clinical study included patients who met the exclusion criteria in 2020 and 2021. The patients with UC were divided into two groups (control and experimental). The peripheral blood of the experimental and control groups were collected under aseptic conditions. The expression of TLR4 protein, NF-κB, IL-6, and IL-17 was detected in the peripheral blood of patients in the experimental group and control group before and 1 month after taking the drug. Linear correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between the expression level of TLR4 protein and the expression levels of downstream signal NF-κB and inflammatory factors IL-6 and IL-17, and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
RESULTS
There were no significant differences in the patient characteristics between the control and experimental groups. The results showed that the expression levels of TLR4 and NF-κB in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The levels of IL-6 and IL-17 in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The TLR4 protein expression in the experimental group was positively correlated with the expression level of downstream signal NF-κB and was positively correlated with the levels of downstream inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-17 (r = 0.823, P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Kuicolong-yu enema decoction retains traditional Chinese medicine enema attenuates the inflammatory response of UC through the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Quality-adjusted life years and surgical waiting list: Systematic review of the literature
Authors: de la Plaza Llamas Roberto , Ortega Azor Lorena , Hernández Yuste Marina , Gorini Ludovica , Latorre-Fragua Raquel Aránzazu , Díaz Candelas Daniel Alejandro , Al Shwely Abduljabar Farah , Gemio del Rey Ignacio Antonio 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND
The quality-adjusted life year (QALY) is a metric that is increasingly used today in the field of health economics to evaluate the value of different medical treatments and procedures. Surgical waiting lists (SWLs) represent a pressing problem in public healthcare. The QALY measure has rarely been used in the context of surgery. It would be interesting to know how many QALYs are lost by patients on SWLs.
AIM
To investigate the relationship between QALYs and SWLs in a systematic review of the scientific literature.
METHODS
The study was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Statement. An unlimited search was carried out in PubMed, updated on January 19, 2024. Data on the following variables were investigated and analyzed: Specialty, country of study, procedure under study, scale used to measure QALYs, the use of a theoretical or real-life model, objectives of the study and items measured, the economic value assigned to the QALY in the country in question, and the results and conclusions published.
RESULTS
Forty-eight articles were selected for the study. No data were found regarding QALYs lost on SWLs. The specialties in which QALYs were studied the most in relation to the waiting list were urology and general surgery, with 15 articles each. The country in which the most studies of QALYs were carried out was the United States (n = 21), followed by the United Kingdom (n = 9) and Canada (n = 7). The most studied procedure was organ transplantation (n = 39), including 15 kidney, 14 liver, 5 heart, 4 lung, and 1 intestinal. Arthroplasty (n = 4), cataract surgery (n = 2), bariatric surgery (n = 1), mosaicplasty (n = 1), and septoplasty (n = 1) completed the surgical interventions included. Thirty-nine of the models used were theoretical (the most frequently applied being the Markov model, n = 34), and nine were real-life. The survey used to measure quality of life in 11 articles was the European Quality of Life-5 dimensions, but in 32 articles the survey was not specified. The willingness-to-pay per QALY gained ranged from $100000 in the United States to €20000 in Spain.
CONCLUSION
The relationship between QALYs and SWLs has only rarely been studied in the literature. The rate of QALYs lost on SWLs has not been determined. Future research is warranted to address this issue.
Successful splenic artery embolization in a patient with Behçet’s syndrome-associated splenic rupture: A case report
Authors: Zhu Guang-Zhao , Ji Dong-Hua 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND
Splenic rupture associated with Behçet’s syndrome (BS) is extremely rare, and there is no consensus on its management. In this case report, a patient with BS-associated splenic rupture was successfully treated with splenic artery embolization (SAE) and had a good prognosis after the intervention.
CASE SUMMARY
The patient was admitted for pain in the left upper abdominal quadrant. He was diagnosed with splenic rupture. Multiple oral and genital aphthous ulcers were observed, and acne scars were found on his back. He had a 2-year history of BS diagnosis, with symptoms of oral and genital ulcers. At that time, he was treated with oral corticosteroids for 1 month, but the symptoms did not alleviate. He underwent SAE to treat the rupture. On the first day after SAE, the patient reported a complete resolution of abdominal pain and was discharged 5 d later. Three months after the intervention, a computed tomography examination showed that the splenic hematoma had formed a stable cystic effusion, suggesting a good prognosis.
CONCLUSION
SAE might be a good choice for BS-associated splenic rupture based on good surgical practice and material selection.
Endoscopic treatment of bleeding gastric ulcer causing gastric wall necrosis: A case report
Authors: Li Wei-Feng , Gao Ruo-Yu , Xu Jing-Wen , Yu Xi-Qiu 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND
Gastric wall necrosis is a rare complication of endoscopic treatment for bleeding gastric ulcer, which may exacerbate the patient’s condition once it occurs and may even require surgical intervention for treatment.
CASE SUMMARY
A 59-year-old man was admitted to our department with melena. Endoscopy revealed a giant ulcer in the gastric antrum with a visible vessel in its center, which was treated with sclerosants and tissue glue injection and resulted in necrosis of the gastric wall.
CONCLUSION
Injection of sclerosants and tissue glue may lead to gastric wall necrosis, which is a serious complication. Therefore, before administering this treatment to patients, we should consider other more effective methods of hemostasis to avoid gastric wall necrosis.
Intermittent melena and refractory anemia due to jejunal cavernous lymphangioma: A case report
Authors: Liu Kai-Rui , Zhang Sheng , Chen Wei-Run , Huang You-Xing , Li Xu-Guang 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND
Lymphangiomas in the gastrointestinal tract are extremely rare in adults. As a benign lesion, small intestine lymphangiomas often remain asymptomatic and pose challenges for definitive diagnosis. However, lymphangiomas can give rise to complications such as abdominal pain, bleeding, volvulus, and intussusception. Here, we report a case of jejunal cavernous lymphangioma that presented with intermittent melena and refractory anemia in a male adult.
CASE SUMMARY
A 66-year-old man presented with intermittent melena, fatigue and refractory anemia nine months prior. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy and colonoscopy were performed many times and revealed no apparent bleeding. Conservative management, including transfusion, hemostasis, gastric acid secretion inhibition and symptomatic treatment, was performed, but the lesions tended to recur shortly after surgery. Ultimately, the patient underwent capsule endoscopy, which revealed a more than 10 cm lesion accompanied by active bleeding. After single-balloon enteroscopy and biopsy, a diagnosis of jejunal cavernous lymphangioma was confirmed, and the patient underwent surgical resection. No complications or recurrences were observed postoperatively.
CONCLUSION
Jejunal cavernous lymphangioma should be considered a cause of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. Capsule endoscopy and single-balloon enteroscopy can facilitate diagnosis. Surgical resection is an effective management method.
A Study into the Discourse of American Print Media about Representation of Islam and Muslims
Authors: Jamil Muhammad Javaid , Saeed Saria , Tayyab Muhammad 
Published: April 2024

Print media discourses mirror social reality related to a particular context and time. Most often, they serve as a distorting prism to construct and represent a desired version of reality. The data for the present study comes from the articles of ‘The Washington Post’ about the representation of Islam and Muslims. The time span for data collection ranges from august 2019 to October 2019. Van Dijk’s (2006) research model for critical Discourse Analysis has been employed to analyse the data. The analytical categories of the model include representation, actor description, metaphor, polarization, number game, authority, lexicalization, topos, comparison, distancing and consensus. The data has been analysed at the level of word, sentence and discourse. The findings of the study highlight that the adjectives of negative social connotations such as militants, hard liners, belligerent, extremists, suicide bombers, jihadists, heaven seekers, the squad, terrorists, etc. have used to represent Islam and Muslims negatively. Highly politicised terms such as Islamic racism and islamophobia are alluded to islam and Muslims. The frequency of occurrence of the article related to Islam and Muslims during the selected time span is significantly higher. The themes associated with Islam, Muslims through the articles include ISIS, Islamic state, and jihad, Talibanised Ideology, Islamic Militants, fight against terrorism, Political Islam etc. It contends that 100% negative representation of Islam and Muslims has been observed. Besides, it concludes that print media discourses are one of the best sites for ideological investment and to shape mindset of target readership accordingly.
A Review on Plant Taxonomy
Authors: Dr. Prashanthi Sandepogu  , Dr. Shireesha Somineni  
Published: April 2024

The Identification and naming of plants has attracted a lot of attention throughout history. The science that investigates, identifies, describes, naming of the plant and classifies all plants. Plant taxonomy includes the description of the variation of plants, the observation of the characters like morphological, anatomical and phylogenic characters of the plants, variation, comparison and the manipulation of the data obtained from the previous information/ data is useful to arrange plants in a system of classification. The 3 aspects of the taxonomy are Identification, Nomenclature, classification are the main activates of the taxonomy. Taxonomy means law full arrangement of plants and it is a process of grouping the plants and other organisms. In ancient days plants the classification of plants was very easier and the classification of made by taking consideration of one or two morphological characters which is known as artificial classification but in course of time the classification of plants underwent many medications were taken place because of technological development. But end the end of 19th century the system of classification based on external morphological characters especially based on floral characters because floral characters are stable when compare to morphological characters while growth of the plants, this system of classification is classical/ alpha taxonomy. In course of time the classification of organisms/plants taken consideration of the multiple allied disciplines like the evidences from Anatomy, Embryology, Palynology, Cytology and Genetics. This type of classification is used to resolve taxonomic problems in addition to morphology this classification special significance which is called as biosystematics. Of course an insufficient number of experts, and the instability of phenotypes, which are easily affected by environmental factors, made this classification meet difficulties. With the advent evidences of the fields of phylogenetic, cladistics, experimental botanical gardens, field study, herbariums, keys, museums, computers and systematics, the artificial classification have progressed to a system of modern/ Phylogenic system of biological classification based on consideration of the evolutionary relationships between organisms and both biotic and abiotic factors. Here, I discussed the history of Identification, nomenclature classification and its different systems, for the identification of plants, the development of various molecular techniques that generate molecular markers has made it possible to accurately identify plants. Here I referred the reviews which gives information of the modern techniques and traditional methods that can be used for identification plant species through genotypic studies based on DNA barcoding.
Analisis Faktor-Faktor Internal yang Mempengaruhi Pendapatan Restorant Citranoodle+
Authors: Benaya Dustin  , Carolyn Natalia  , Alvin Alexis  , Genesis Charitos  , Dyah Cahyasari  
Published: April 2024

The business landscape in Tangernag Regency has experienced significant growth compared to before due to the Covid-19 pandemic. The development of business opportunities in an area can increase the income and economy of that area. The accommodation and food and beverage provider business sector is one of the sectors that contributes to economic growth in Tangerang Regency, especially in the Gading Serpong, BSD and surrounding areas. Citra Noodle+ is a business that sells noodles in the Gading Serpong area. The aim of the research is to look for factors that can influence CitraNoodle+’s income. Primary data wa obtained using interview and observation methods, with secondary data obtained through a literature review.
Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor di Kota Batam
Authors: Muhamad Tedy Lum  , Poniman  
Published: April 2024

The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of various factors that influence compliance with motor vehicle tax obligations. The aforementioned elements comprise the execution of Samsat Keliling, the E-Samsat Program, and tax sanctions. This study employed a quantitative methodology, with the primary means of data collection being the distribution of questionnaires. In this investigation, the population was 442,092. One hundred individuals were sampled utilizing the Slovin formula, which introduced a 10% margin of error. The data analysis methodology incorporates a variety of linear analysis techniques, and SPSS version 29 is utilized for data processing. Motor Vehicle Taxpayer Compliance is significantly impacted by the concurrent implementation of Samsat Keliling, the E-Samsat Program, and tax sanctions, according to the findings of this study. The impact of motor vehicle taxpayer compliance is notably influenced by the implementation of Samsat Keliling and the E-Samsat Program. Tax sanctions, meanwhile, have little impact on the compliance of motor vehicle taxpayers.
Keywords: Implementation of Samsat Keliling, E-Samsat Program, Tax Sanctions
TIRZEPATIDA, AGONISTA DO RECEPTOR DUPLO DE GIP E GLP-1, NO TRATAMENTO DE DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO 2: EFICÁCIA E SEGURANÇA
Authors: Alvarenga Bastos Rodolfo , Bonfim Lopes Ana Gabriela , Vargas Olivieri Breno , Atibaia Fraguas João Vitor , Azara de Oliveira Eric 
Published: April 2024

A diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) é uma condição crônica caracterizada por resistência à insulina e deficiência na produção de insulina pelo pâncreas. O tratamento da diabetes mellitus tipo 2 é geralmente individualizado e visa controlar efetivamente os níveis de glicose no sangue, minimizar complicações e melhorar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. A tirzepatida é um agonista bifuncional do receptor de GLP-1 e glucagon com potencial para revolucionar o tratamento da diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Objetivos: fornecer uma visão abrangente do papel da tirzepatida no arsenal terapêutico atual da diabetes mellitus tipo 2, focando em sua eficácia e segurança. Materiais e métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, em que a questão norteadora foi “A tirzepatida é segura e eficaz no tratamento de diabetes mellitus tipo 2?”. A busca pelos artigos ocorreu nas principais bases de dados (PubMed e Scielo) a partir dos termos "tirzepatide", "treatment" e "type 2 diabetes" combinados entre si por operadores booleanos. Resultados e discussão: A tirzepatida é o primeiro agonista de receptor duplo que foi recentemente aprovado para o tratamento da DM2 pela Food Drug Administration (FDA). A eficácia em relação à redução da glicemia e do peso corporal é mais forte do que a dos GLP-1, enquanto o perfil de segurança e a incidência de eventos adversos parecem comparáveis. Conclusão: A tirzepatida é uma nova terapia à base de incretina para DM2, ela mostrou reduções robustas de HbA1c e peso corporal, sem um risco aumentado de hipoglicemia.
Terrorist attacks against healthcare facilities involving hostages
Authors: Macy Reed , Jasani Greg , Alfalasi Reem , Cavaliere Garrett , Lawner Benjamin J. 
Published: April 2024

Introduction: The incidence of terrorist attacks against healthcare facilities has been increasing over recent years. In addition to direct attacks on physical structures, many attacks have involved taking hostages. Hospital and healthcare facilities remain historically underprepared for terrorist attacks, representing vulnerable locations. Yet, studies examining the frequency and reach of hostage-taking incidents within healthcare facilities are limited.
Methods: A search of the Global Terrorism Database was performed. A total of 191,465 terrorist attacks were identified. The database search was narrowed down to healthcare-related terrorist attacks (2,322) and then manually analyzed to only include those incidents which involved hospitals and hostage-taking (64).
Results: Sixty-four attacks against hospitals involving hostage-taking were identified. A total of 91 victims were injured in these attacks, and 47 were killed. The attacks affected a total of 23 countries worldwide, conducted largely by unidentified terrorist organizations, with approximately half involving firearms. Discussion: This study shows that terrorist attacks against healthcare facilities that involve hostage-taking have increased in frequency over the past 10 years and have global reach. Systems may still be underprepared for this potentially increasing phenomenon and require preparedness plans with education and simulated practice in place. Healthcare facilities should consider mitigation strategies such as preparedness drills and additional education.
Pengaruh Model Problem Based Learning Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Dan Hasil Belajar IPA Pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Rambe Yusuf , Khaeruddin Khaeruddin , Ma’ruf Ma’ruf 
Published: April 2024

Didasarkan pada kebutuhan untuk meningkatkan memotivasi siswa dan menciptakan pembelajaran yang menyenangkan serta meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dalam mata pelajaran IPA di tingkat dasar. Sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi pengaruh model problem based learning (PBL) terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis dan hasil belajar IPA pada siswa sekolah dasar. Metode penelitian ini melibatkan penggunaan PBL sebagai pendekatan pembelajaran dan menggunakan pendekatan quasi eksperimental desain the non-equivalent group design. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa tes hasil belajar, angket motivasi belajar, lembar instrument kemampua berpikir kritis dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan Model PBL secara signifikan meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa dalam memecahkan masalah yang berkaitan dengan IPA. Selain itu, hasil belajar siswa dalam mata pelajaran IPA juga mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan setelah menerapkan pendekatan PBL. Dari analisis data, terlihat bahwa siswa lebih terlibat dalam proses pembelajaran, mampu menghubungkan konsep-konsep IPA dengan situasi dunia nyata, dan mengembangkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah yang lebih baik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model problem based learning (PBL) memiliki pengaruh positif yang signifikan terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis dan hasil belajar Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam (IPA) pada siswa Sekolah Dasar. Hasil analisis uji independent t-test menunjukkan bahwa model PBL mampu meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa dalam memahami konsep-konsep IPA, terutama dalam materi perubahan waktu. Siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran dengan model PBL menunjukkan peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis yang signifikan dibandingkan dengan siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran konvensional. Oleh karena itu, penerapan model PBL dapat menjadi salah satu metode pembelajaran yang efektif dalam meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan hasil belajar IPA pada siswa Sekolah Dasar
THE ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF APPLICATIONS AND CHALLENGES
Authors: Francisca Chibugo Udegbe  , Ogochukwu Roseline  Ebulue  , Charles Chukwudalu  Ebulue  , Chukwunonso Sylvester  Ekesiobi  
Published: April 2024

This paper presents a systematic review of the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare, highlighting its applications and challenges. AI technologies, including machine learning, natural language processing, and predictive analytics, are transforming healthcare through diagnostic assistance, treatment personalization, patient monitoring, optimization of healthcare operations, and public health. Despite the potential benefits, the integration of AI in healthcare faces significant challenges, such as data privacy and security concerns, ethical and legal issues, interoperability and integration difficulties, scalability and accessibility obstacles, and the intricacies of human-AI interaction. This review emphasizes the need for robust cybersecurity measures, ethical guidelines, clear legal frameworks, universal standards for interoperability, and equitable access to AI technologies. Recommendations for overcoming these challenges include fostering interdisciplinary collaboration, enhancing healthcare professional education, and promoting research and development. AI can realize its full potential in enhancing healthcare delivery and patient outcomes by addressing these challenges.
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Healthcare, Diagnostic Assistance, Treatment Personalization, Data Privacy, Ethical Considerations.