bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identical phosphatase mechanisms achieved through distinct modes of binding phosphoprotein substrate
Authors: Pazy Y. , Motaleb M. A. , Guarnieri M. T. , Charon N. W. , Zhao R. , Silversmith R. E. 
Published: January 2010

Two-component signal transduction systems are widespread in prokaryotes and control numerous cellular processes. Extensive investigation of sensor kinase and response regulator proteins from many two-component systems has established conserved sequence, structural, and mechanistic features within each family. In contrast, the phosphatases which catalyze hydrolysis of the response regulator phosphoryl group to terminate signal transduction are poorly understood. Here we present structural and functional characterization of a representative of the CheC/CheX/FliY phosphatase family. The X-ray crystal structure of
Borrelia burgdorferi
CheX complexed with its CheY3 substrate and the phosphoryl analogue

reveals a binding orientation between a response regulator and an auxiliary protein different from that shared by every previously characterized example. The surface of CheY3 containing the phosphoryl group interacts directly with a long helix of CheX which bears the conserved (E - X
2
- N) motif. Conserved CheX residues Glu96 and Asn99, separated by a single helical turn, insert into the CheY3 active site. Structural and functional data indicate that CheX Asn99 and CheY3 Thr81 orient a water molecule for hydrolytic attack. The catalytic residues of the CheX·CheY3 complex are virtually superimposable on those of the
Escherichia coli
CheZ phosphatase complexed with CheY, even though the active site helices of CheX and CheZ are oriented nearly perpendicular to one other. Thus, evolution has found two structural solutions to achieve the same catalytic mechanism through different helical spacing and side chain lengths of the conserved acid/amide residues in CheX and CheZ.
Marron farming in Western Australia: scope and constraints
Authors: Duarte Alonso Abel 
Published: January 2010

PurposeMarron farming in Western Australia has existed for decades. However, to what extent do marron growers see potential in this industry in ways that include expanding into hospitality and tourism? The purpose of this paper is to examine this dimension from a group of 26 marron growers.Design/methodology/approachThe limited knowledge on marron farming from an academic, industry, as well as from operators' perspective is a critical factor in choosing a qualitative approach in this paper in the form of telephone and face‐to‐face interviews.FindingsOverall, there is an agreement among respondents about the significant commercial potential of marron farming. However, the dilemma of satisfying increasing demand for marron is acknowledged, as well as resulting problems, for instance, in the form of greed and lack of unity among some growers.Research limitations/implicationsWhile the low number of respondents may not be sufficient to make generalisations of the marron farming industry, this paper proposes an overview into an unexplored industry, and provides useful insights into a niche market.Practical implicationsIncreased demand for marron in both national and international markets presents opportunities for local operators and the future of marron farming. At the same time, a balance must be maintained in order to preserve natural resources and the industry's sustainability.Originality/valueDespite its demand and potential, to date very limited research has been conducted on marron farming, particularly studying the links between marron, hospitality and tourism, as well as marron growers' points of views on this industry. This exploratory paper contributes to narrowing the existing knowledge gap on these dimensions.
Inpatriates' adjustment to home country headquarters: a social/cultural conundrum
Authors: Williams Wallace A. , Moeller Miriam , Harvey Michael 
Published: January 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine Trompenaars' cultural dimensions using reference point theory to propose the adjustment difficulties that inpatriates will experience when entering the home market/global headquarters organization culture.Design/methodology/approachSpecifically, it examines means by which the organization may maintain the inpatriate's perspective while at the same time provide training/development to assist in integrating the inpatriate manager into the global management team.FindingsThe paper proposes that the inpatriate's origin plays a significant part in determining the difficulty of adjusting to the headquarter culture as well as to the general culture of the new home country. The need for reference points (internal, external and time) becomes vital in that each allows for a better understanding of the adjustment process.Research limitations/implicationsWith regard to the two variables (macro and organizational culture) examined, it should be noted that cultural distance is not of sole importance in the adjustment process of the inpatriate. Additional factors to consider include job type, previous experience in home country of the organization, local support groups and other socialization tactics.Practical implicationsTo facilitate the cross‐cultural adjustment process, active attempts by human resource management staff must be undertaken to help ensure adjustment. Successful adjustment would allow inpatriates to provide valuable insight and contribute to the global organizations' success.Originality/valueThis paper adds value by providing a theoretically based framework for the adjustment of inpatriates that can be tested and modified by future researchers. Furthermore, it provides a guide to inpatriate adjustment so that their maximum value to the organization can be achieved.
Modeling the non‐linear behaviour of option price deviations from the Black Scholes model
Authors: Gregoriou Andros 
Published: January 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to test for and model non‐linearities in option price deviations from the Black Scholes (BS) model in FTSE 100 index options over the time period 1997‐2006.Design/methodology/approachThe economic specification and estimation methodology is outlined, the data are discussed, and the empirical results are analysed.FindingsThe tests reject the linearity hypothesis and the paper shows that the exponential smooth transition autoregressive model is capable of capturing the non‐linear behaviour of option price misalignments. The paper finds that even though FTSE 100 index options are heavily traded, transaction costs prevent rapid adjustments of option prices from their “optimal” value.Originality/valueThe paper presents new empirical evidence, which explicitly allows for the possibility that option price misalignments from the BS price can be characterised by a non‐linear mean reverting process.
The enduring significance of the thought of Karl Marx
Authors: Jeannot Tom 
Published: January 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to assess Marx's enduring significance in the center of his thought, the first volume of Capital. In Capital and related writings, Marx systematically works out his theory of value. Although Marx's value theory has been widely thought to be internally inconsistent, the “myth of inconsistency” in reclaiming Marx's “Capital” has been recently refuted by Kliman.Design/methodology/approachBased on Kliman's refutation, a logically coherent interpretation of Marx's theory is on hand. The paper therefore aims to bring out the philosophical character of Marx's critique of political economy, to which the terms and relations of value theory are essential. It is rooted in the abiding humanism he first discovered through his critical appropriation and transformation of Hegelian philosophy.FindingsFollowing Raya Dunayevskaya in Marxism and Freedom, this paper interprets Marx to have founded a new critical science of society “that was at the same time a philosophy of history.” Hence Marx's use of ontological categories in Capital (“substance,” “essence,” “appearance”) is fully methodologically self‐conscious and deliberate. Categories derived from Hegel's Science of Logic (as Lenin rightly grasped) explain the “bewitched and distorted world” of capitalist social relations.Originality/valueThis paper shows that, thinking historically, Marx works out the “notion” of capital from the standpoint of its negation. As if seen through a camera obscura, capital is the domination of alienated, past, objectified, abstract, and dead labor over living labor power. In conclusion, emphasis is placed on the subjective as well as the objective condition necessary to the revolutionary transcendence of the law of value.
Putnam and radical socio‐economic theory
Authors: Manning Paul 
Published: January 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to review the social capital treatment of Robert Putnam, the most influential conceptual theorist. The paper will detail how Putnam's treatment of social capital has evolved, examine the arguments of his critics and will also critique his socio‐economic analysis.Design/methodology/approachThe approach taken is a literature review that investigates Putnam's social capital understanding and considers the reasons why this conceptual treatment “touched a nerve” and proved so influential and adaptable.FindingsPutnam's social capital treatment belongs to a socio‐economic communitarian tradition that can be traced to de‐Tocqueville, which offers an alternative to both mainstream free market ideology and to leftwing socio‐economics.Originality/valueThe originality of this paper is to identify Putnam as a radical in a methodological sense, reinvigorating a Burkean, consensual interpretation of socio‐economics. The value of this paper is to offer a critique of Putnam's interpretation of social capital.
Relationship governance and learning in partnerships
Authors: Kohtamäki Marko 
Published: January 2010

PurposeRelationship learning is a topic of considerable importance for industrial networks, yet a lack of empirical research on the impact of relationship governance structures on relationship learning remains. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of relationship governance structures on learning in partnerships.Design/methodology/approachThis paper contributes to the closure of the research gap by examining sample data drawn from 42 interviews on the subject of 199 customer‐supplier relationships within the Finnish metal and electronics industries. As a method, the paper applies cluster analysis and analysis of variance mean‐comparison.FindingsThe results of this paper show that balanced hybrid governance structures explain learning in partnerships, which suggests that certain combinations of relationship governance mechanisms (price, hierarchical, and social mechanism) produce the best learning outcomes in partnerships. Results suggest that managers should use hybrid relationship governance structures when governing their supplier partnerships.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper has some limitations such as limited sample size, cross‐sectional data, and difficulties due to measuring social phenomenon such as learning. Owing to the interview method being applied, research is bound to apply a sample data drawn from companies that operate in the west coast in Finland. These limitations need to be considered when applying the results.Practical implicationsThe results encourage managers to use different governance mechanisms simultaneously when managing their company's supply chain partnerships. The result emphasizes the role of active relationship management.Originality/valueThe paper is one of the first to empirically show that relationship learning is best facilitated by using various relationship governance mechanisms simultaneously. Trust needs to be complemented by hierarchical and possibly by price mechanism.
The role of Internet in the development of future software projects
Authors: Martínez‐Torres M.R. , Toral S.L. , Barrero F. , Cortés F. 
Published: January 2010

PurposeThe Internet has evolved, prompted in part by new Web 2.0 technologies, to become a more widespread platform for interaction, communication, and activism. Virtual communities, or groups of people informally bound together by shared expertise, synthesise this Internet evolution and the Web 2.0 technology. Users increasingly want to engage online with one another and with organisations of all kinds. These novel Internet‐based technologies dominate the new business models of the digital economy giving companies radical new ways to harvest the talents of innovators working outside corporate boundaries. One of the most illustrative examples of this new trend is the Open Source Software (OSS) projects development. This paper aims to analyse the structure and topology of the virtual community supporting one of the most successfully OSS projects, Linux. The objective is to provide conclusions for being successful in the development of future virtual communities. As companies learn to manage these virtual communities, they will develop smarter and faster ways to create value through them.Design/methodology/approachThe interactions of the virtual community members of an ARM‐embedded Linux project website is analysed through social network analysis techniques. The participants' activity is studied and some conclusions about the participation features are obtained using the Gini coefficient. In particular, a participation inequality behaviour or a concentration on a small number of developers is clearly observed.FindingsThe paper deals with the guidelines that virtual communities should follow to be successful. Results about the structure of a successful virtual community and its time evolution are provided to determine the mentioned guidelines.Research limitations/implicationsThe research is limited to a particular virtual community engaged with the development of the ARM‐embedded Linux OSS. Other successful virtual communities can be analysed, and the conclusions could be compared. Anyway, the proposed analysis methodology can be extended to other virtual communities.Originality/valueThe paper fulfils the development and features of Internet virtual communities to be successful. Results have important implications over the development of new software business models based on virtual communities and open source software. Contributions about the best organisation of virtual communities leading to a successful development of the underlying project are presented.
Sustainable information systems: a knowledge perspective
Authors: Maruster Laura , Faber Niels R. , Peters Kristian 
Published: January 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to propose a re‐orientation of the way the concept of sustainability is dealt with in relation to information systems, positioning human behaviour and the processing of knowledge at the centre of the concept.Design/methodology/approachThe concept of sustainability of knowledge (SoK), which refers to processes that govern knowledge, is employed to define sustainable information systems (SIS). Following this definition, knowledge aspects are employed to tackle the notion of sustainability. The sustainability approach presented in this paper is then translated into requirements needed for designing a SIS.FindingsThree knowledge aspects are found to be relevant for the design of SIS: adaptability, offloading and knowledge evaluation. The service oriented‐based architecture (SOA) seems to be appropriate to support the proposed approach.Research limitations/implicationsThe conceptual approach proposed need to be evaluated by case studies to be performed in different organizations.Originality/valueA knowledge based perspective is proposed to re‐orient the notion of sustainability. Moreover, an SOA architecture is used to design a system based on the proposed approach.
The role of bonding duration in wire bond formation: a study of footprints of thermosonic gold wire on aluminium pad
Authors: Xu Hui , Liu Changqing , Silberschmidt Vadim V. , Chen Zhong , Wei Jun 
Published: January 2010

PurposeOptimization of the process parameters remains a challenging task in thermosonic wire bonding due to relatively poor understanding of the bonding mechanism. The purpose of this paper is to understand initial bond formation in thermosonic gold wire bonding on aluminium metallization pads and the effect of bonding time on the initiation of bonding.Design/methodology/approachA gold wire (20 μm diameter/99.99 per cent wt%) was bonded to aluminium metallization pads (1 μm thick) on a silicon chip using a commercial ball/wedge automatic bonder. Bonding parameters were selected specifically to produce underdeveloped ball bonds so that ball lift‐off occurred during looping process. The lift‐off footprints on the aluminium metallization pads and their evolution were carried out using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. A model is proposed to elaborate the effect of bonding time on initiation of bonding.FindingsThe obtained results showed that metallurgical bonding initiated at the peripheral areas of the contact area situated along the direction of ultrasonic vibration. Those areas extended inwards with bonding time, eventually covering the entire contact area.Originality/valueThis paper describes how bond initiation and its evolution in thermosonic gold wire bonding on aluminium metallization is ascertained by observing lift‐off footprints. The understanding of bonding mechanism benefits the optimization of process parameters and improvement of bondability in thermosonic wire bonding.
Aluminium‐silicon alloy and its composites reinforces by silicon carbide particles
Authors: Tahat Montasser S. 
Published: January 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of SiC addition up to 60 percent SiC on the mechanical properties and thermal expansion of Al‐7vol.% Si/SiC composites.Design/methodology/approachComposite specimens containing 7, 15, 30, 45 and 60 vol.% SiCp are fabricated by pressureless infiltration technique. The obtained metal‐matrix composites (MMCs) then are characterized for density, porosity, microhardness, ductility, and coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE).FindingsThe results show that the composite specimens have very low‐porosity volumes. Moreover, it is found that silicon carbide particles are distributed uniformly in the matrix. Both porosity and mean linear CTE of the composites decreases with silicon carbide volume fraction. However, higher amount of SiCp reinforcement content tends to increase density, microhardness and improve ductility.Originality/valueThe processing employed in this paper would enable realization of electronic packages made out of Al‐Si/SiCp MMCs.
Development of 2.4 and 3.5 GHz 0.15 μm GaAs PHEMT medium‐power amplifier employing core‐based design approach
Authors: Rasmi Amiza , Marzuki Arjuna , Nizam Osman Mohd , Ismat Abdul Rahim Ahmad , Razman Yahya Mohamed , Fatah Awang Mat Abdul 
Published: January 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to discuss medium‐power amplifier (MPA) design using parasitic‐aware core‐based approach.Design/methodology/approachThis paper discusses a core‐based design approach, which can also deliver multi‐band radio frequency integrated circuit.FindingsA fabricated 3.5 GHz MPA achieved a P1dB of 16.81 dBm, power‐added efficiency (PAE) of 16.74 percent and gain of 6.81 dB at the 10 dBm of input power under a low‐power supply of 3 V. The maximum current, Imaxis 80.7 mA and the power consumption of the device is 242.10 mW. A fabricated 2.4 GHz MPA achieved a P1dB of 14.83 dBm, PAE of 11.73 percent and gain of 9.83 dB at the 5.0 dBm of input power under a low‐power supply of 3.0 V. The maximum current, Imaxis 84.4 mA and the power consumption for this device is 253.20 mW.Originality/valueThis paper shows the merits of the parasitic‐aware design methods used in designing the core circuit.
Design of SIPC‐based complementary LC‐QVCO in 0.18‐μm CMOS technology for WiMAX application
Authors: Ramiah Harikrishnan , Zainal Azni Zulkifli Tun , Sapiee Noramalia 
Published: January 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to design and realize a low‐phase noise, high‐output power, and high‐tuning range, fully integrated source injection parallel coupled (SIPC)‐based inductor‐capacitor (LC)‐quadrature voltage controlled oscillator (QVCO) covering WiMAX frequency range in 0.18‐μm deep submicron CMOS technology.Design/methodology/approachA pMOS based‐SIPC LC‐QVCO topology is realized with the center frequency of 2.58 GHz. On chip spiral inductor is integrated with substantial quality factor, Q coupled with underlying pattern ground shield (PGS) shielding. An enhanced tuning range is achieved by integrating the diode connected MOS‐based varactors. The CMOS‐based autonomous SIPC LC‐QVCO circuit was characterized for its output phase noise, tuning range and power spectrum response via wafer probing, utilizing a signal source analyzer (Agilent E5052 A).FindingsA quadrature oscillator catering to the needs of local oscillator (LO) generation covering the frequency range of WiMAX is realized. The parallel coupled architecture adapts direct source coupling, bypassing the LC resonator tank and relaxes the close in phase noise up‐conversion. The design consumes 2.19 mm2of active chip area and measures a phase noise of −114.34 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz of offset frequency with 2.67 GHz of output frequency at 0.9 V of input tuning voltage. The corresponding output power measures to be −10.1 dBm, well suited for mixer hard switching. The design is realized in one poly, six metal 0.18‐μm standard CMOS technology.Research limitations/implicationsOwing to convergence discrepancy in the analysis, a diode‐connected MOS varactor is adapted in contrary to the accumulation mode MOS varactors with superior tuning range.Practical implicationsThe designed SIPC LC‐QVCO is of need in the generation of low‐phase noise, highly matched quadrature LO generation covering the WiMAX frequency range. The adapted parallel coupling also relaxes the voltage headroom limitation.Originality/valueThis paper shows how a fully integrated CMOS‐based SIPC LC‐QVCO architecture is adapted with low‐output phase noise and low voltage headroom consumption covering the WiMAX frequency range.
Outsourcing of NPD activities: a best practice approach
Authors: Rundquist Jonas , Halila Fawzi 
Published: January 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to improve the understanding of outsourcing new product development (NPD), and specifically of factors affecting the outsourcing decisions, by exploring the practices of the most innovative firms.Design/methodology/approachThe paper draws on an internet‐based survey sent in winter 2008 to 494 medium‐sized firms in four industries which achieved a 77.3 percent response rate. The sample is split into the best firms and the rest, and a best practice analysis is performed with correlation analysis.FindingsThe best firms focus on knowledge issues to a higher extent, while cost and geographical proximity are more important for the rest firms. The best firms prioritize knowledge integration and development of knowledge about the outsourcing process higher.Research limitations/implicationsThe sample is taken from medium‐sized Swedish manufacturing firms. Future samples need to be expanded to further generalize the conclusions. Results show that further research combining resource and cost perspectives is needed.Practical implicationsManagers are recommended to not only find access to needed knowledge, but also give time to integration on a personal level, as this protects knowledge and lowers costs in the long‐run.Originality/valueStudies of outsourcing NPD are few and, to the authors’ knowledge, no quantitative studies on the topic have been made.