bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased retinal thickness in sarcoidosis patients with ocular system involvement visualized with optical coherence tomography: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Byg Keld-Erik , Ellingsen Torkell , Wied Jimmi , Peiris Michella , Lowater Simon Joel , Sejbaek Tobias , Grauslund Jakob 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study investigates the thickness of retinal structures in patients with neurosarcoidosis (NS) and ocular sarcoidosis (OS). We compared the central macular thickness (CMT), retinal thickness (RT), central nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, and ganglion cell layer (GCL) thickness using optical coherence tomography. In a cross-sectional study, we categorized 97 sarcoidosis patients (185 eyes) into four groups: patients without ocular or central nervous system sarcoidosis (Non-Ocular/Non-CNS, n = 53), patients with OS (Ocular, n = 13), patients with NS (CNS, n = 16), and patients with combined OS and NS (Ocular/CNS, n = 15). The mean age was 51 (14) years. We found no overall difference between the groups in the CMT (p = 0.3), RT (p = 0.9), RNFL (p = 0.3), and GCL measurements (p = 0.9). Only in patients with a disease duration of more than five years, the CMT was significantly thicker in the Ocular group (278 μm, p < 0.001), the CNS group (267 μm, p = 0.04), and the Ocular/CNS group (268 μm, p = 0.04), compared to the Non-Ocular/Non-CNS group (249 μm). The RT was significantly thicker in the Ocular group (296 μm, p = 0.008) and the Ocular/CNS group (291 μm, p = 0.03) compared to the Non-Ocular/Non-CNS group (283 μm). In the RNFL measurements, the Ocular group (33.7 μm, p = 0.002) was thicker than the Non-ocular/Non-CNS group (29.1 μm). We found an increased retinal thickness in patients with ocular sarcoidosis and long disease duration.
Historical data provide new insights into inheritance of traits important for diploid potato breeding
Authors: Śliwka Jadwiga , Wasilewicz-Flis Iwona , Jakuczun Henryka , Janiszewska Marta , Smyda-Dajmund Paulina , McLean Karen , Zimnoch-Guzowska Ewa , Bryan Glenn J. , Sharma Sanjeev Kumar 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Key message
Using a diploid potato diversity panel of 246 breeding lines, a genotyping-by-sequencing and a GWAS approach, we mapped QTL for ten traits important to potato breeders, including two previously unmapped traits: boiled tuber taste and pollen fertility.

Abstract
Potato breeding at the diploid level has a long history and has gained new impetus recently, when F1 hybrid breeding was made possible with the discovery of a dominant gene for self-compatibility. Our study deploys a unique diploid diversity panel with a broadened cultivated potato gene pool obtained as a result of introgressing valuable traits from wild potato relatives into the Solanum tuberosum background. Using historical phenotyping data collected between 1979 and 2017 for 246 diploid potato clones and high-density genotyping-by-sequencing, we mapped quantitative trait loci (QTL) for tuber yield, mean tuber weight, tuber shape and regularity, tuber eye depth, purple tuber skin colour, flesh colour, tuber starch content, boiled tuber taste (flavour) and pollen fertility. We found some QTL located in genomic regions described in earlier studies, e.g. the QTL for the tuber flesh colour on chromosome 3 overlapping with the location of beta-carotene hydroxylase gene. We identified novel QTL for mean tuber weight on chromosomes 8, 9 and 11 and for purple tuber skin colour on chromosomes 6, 7 and 8. QTL for boiled tuber taste and pollen fertility estimated by Lactofuchsin staining have not been mapped before. We found two regions on chromosome 10 affecting the boiled tuber taste, and QTL on chromosomes 2, 4, 5, 6, 9, and 12 for pollen fertility. Considering the increased interest in diploid hybrid potato breeding, the results presented here hold greater relevance and provide novel targets for potato breeding and research at the diploid level.
Geometry-dependent reduced-order models for the computation of homogenized transfer properties in porous media, part II: electrical double layer effects
Authors: Moreau Antoine , Allery Cyrille , Millet Olivier , Falaize Antoine 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A reduced-order model (ROM) based on proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) is proposed to solve fastly the strongly nonlinear elementary cell problem derived from the periodic homogenization of the Nernst-Planck-Poisson-Boltzmann equations. In previous works, multiscale models have been developed, in order to take separately into account the macro- and microscopical aspects of ionic diffusion, under the assumption that the porous medium consists of the periodic repetition of a single microscopic representative elementary volume (REV). More recently, a numerical method based on POD-ROM has been developed in order to take into account the variability of the REV at the macroscopical scale, which involves the numerical resolution of a large amount of instances of the cell problem. Presently, this method is extended to the case where the REV’s size is of the order of the Debye length and where the adsorption during the transfer of ions by the solid–fluid interface is considered.
Larval fish abundance classification and modeling through spatio-temporal point processes approach
Authors: Lo Galbo Giada , Adelfio Giada , Cuttitta Angela , Patti Bernardo , Torri Marco 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Starting from the evaluation of presence-only data, and according to stochastic processes theory, we propose a classification method for unknown larval fish specimens, which is based on Local Indicators of Spatio-Temporal Association (LISTA). LISTA functions are typically used to evaluate the presence of clustered local second-order structures in spatio-temporal data. Here, these tools were applied to the classification of two rare species of mesopelagic fish larvae belonging to the genus Vinciguerria (V. attenuata and V. poweriae), detected in the Strait of Sicily, from 1998 to 2016. To evaluate the dependence of larval fish abundance spatio-temporal distributions from covariates, with the aim of understanding their impact on the reproducing activity of Vinciguerria spp., we fit a thinned inhomogeneous multitype spatio-temporal Poisson point process model. According to the goodness-of-fit evaluation, based on second-order diagnostics, the spatio-temporal Poisson point process model perfectly fits larval fish abundance’ presence-only data, after the classification procedure. We classify units representing spatio-temporal events by a LISTA functions-based classification procedure of local interaction. In addition, a stochastic processes’ model for the evaluation of presence-only data from an inferential point of view is estimated, accounting for covariates and sampling bias correction. The modeling analysis is carried out before and after the classification procedure, with the aim to evaluate the difference in terms of interpretation and diagnostics.
Aquatic macrophyte dynamics in the Danube Inland Delta over the past two decades: homogenisation or differentiation of taxonomic and functional community composition?
Authors: Beracko Pavel , Kubalová Silvia , Matečný Igor 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Our study provides insights into the spatio-temporal dynamics of macrophyte assemblages in the Danube Inland Delta, situated in the northwest part of the Pannonian lowland on the Slovak-Hungarian border. A total of 63 aquatic plant species were recorded at six monitored sites during the years 2003–2020, including 1 endangered, 2 vulnerable, and 1 neophyte species. Macrophyte data from long-term monitoring were used to test the hypothesis that aquatic plant assemblages in the hydrologically disturbed Danube riverscape have become more taxonomically and functionally similar over the past 17 years. Although a decline in the taxonomic and functional richness of macrophyte assemblages was observed at most monitoring sites, no evident year-to-year decrease in their heterogeneity was noted for either aspect of biodiversity. However, a significant decline in taxonomic and functional richness, as well as in the heterogeneity of the macrophyte community across the entire monitored area, was observed during the study period. While a decrease in species number represented approximately one species per year, the taxonomical beta diversity, including its taxonomical turnover component, also declined, with a mean annual decrease of 0.5% and 0.7%, respectively. Using abundance class data, the mean annual decrease in beta diversity was 0.6%. A time-series analysis of macrophyte functional traits (growth form, dispersal unit, and strategy) revealed that aquatic plant assemblages from different monitoring sites converged toward a narrower range of functional structure. The mean annual decline in macrophyte functional heterogeneity was 0.7% based on abundance class data and approximately 0.3% based on incidence data.
An efficient computational model for single-molecule optoelectronic devices
Authors: Bottacin Alberto , Mo Fabrizio , Spano Chiara Elfi , Ardesi Yuri , Piccinini Gianluca , Graziano Mariagrazia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The growing interest in tuning the conduction properties of single-molecule junctions has drawn attention to studying their interaction with incident electromagnetic fields. The theoretical complexity of this problem necessitates the use of nonequilibrium statistical mechanics combined with quantum electrodynamics, leading to extremely time-consuming simulations. In this work, we propose a computationally efficient algorithm, which combines EE-BESD—an efficient and effective simulator of current–voltage characteristics in dark conditions—with approximated models for light interaction, specifically the Tien-Gordon and Floquet models. We validate EE-BESD-PAT through comparison with ab initio calculations and experimental data from the literature. Our computational model demonstrates good agreement with both experimental and density functional theory calculations, demonstrating that the proposed method is a promising computationally efficient tool without sacrificing accuracy.
Evaluation of the effect of red cabbage waste on performance, egg quality, and yolk oxidative stability of laying Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix Japonica)
Authors: Gümüş Erinç , Sevim Behlül , Sırakaya Selim , İriş Canan , Kahraman Oğuzhan , Sarmiento-García Ainhoa 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study investigates the effects of red cabbage waste (RCW) as a dietary supplement on the performance, egg quality, and oxidative stability of yolk in laying Japanese quails. Given its rich phenolic content, RCW has been investigated as a natural feed additive to reduce food waste and enhance poultry diets. In a six-week trial, 120 quails were divided into 4 groups with 5 replicates and fed diets with 0.0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, and 2.0% RCW. Performance parameters, internal and external egg quality, and antioxidant status were measured. RCW supplementation had no significant impact on overall quail performance. Quails fed with 0.5% RCW showed notable improvements in internal egg quality, especially in the albumen index, Haugh unit, and eggshell thickness. Additionally, incorporating 0.5% RCW into the diet improved the yolk’s antioxidant activity, as evidenced by reduced MDA levels. However, other egg quality traits, including the antioxidant capacity of the yolk, had deteriorated with concentrations above 0.5%, indicating that a moderate inclusion of 0.5% RCW is the most favourable option. The findings underscore that RCW could be sustainably used to improve egg quality without compromising performance, while managing food waste, presenting a potential circular economy solution. Nevertheless, further research is encouraged to optimize RCW levels and fully understand its benefits in poultry feed.
Reprogramming the tumor microenvironment by targeting cytidine deaminase in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma tumors: implications for the role of P2Y6 receptors
Authors: Shatat Abdel-Aziz S. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Immunotherapies, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), anti-cancer vaccines and adoptive T cell transfer, are promising treatments for cancer patients. However, ICI have not shown therapeutic benefit for most mismatch repair-proficient colorectal and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma tumors (PDAC), which are aggressive and deadly (Li et al. in Biomedicines 12:2175, 2024). Tumor metabolism can enhance immunological tolerance, but hinder immune cell function. In a recent publication in Nature Cancer, Scolaro et al. (Scolaro et al. in Nature Cancer 5:1206–1226, 2024) showed that cytidine deaminase (CDA) upregulation may play a crucial role in shaping the immunosuppressive landscape of human PDAC and other tumors. CDA targeting in pancreatic cancer cell lines led to reduced tumor growth, weight and total regression after treatment aimed at the programmed cell death protein 1 receptor (PD-1) immune checkpoint protein. CDA inhibition, both genetically and pharmacologically, overcame immunotherapy resistance in PDAC models. CDA targeting in PDAC cells altered the tumor microenvironment (TME), enabling T cells to respond to anti-PD-1. In mice with sgNT and sgCda tumors receiving anti-PD-1 treatment, they reduced the number of CD8+ T cells. CDA reduction in cancer cells makes tumors more sensitive to immunotherapy, presumably by overcoming immunosuppressive tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and forcing them to adopt an immunostimulatory phenotype. The study also found that cancer cells produce a TME rich in UDP (and UTP) by taking advantage of the CDA-mediated pyrimidine salvage pathway. This setting inhibits the recruitment and activation of CD8+ T cells by promoting the infiltration and immunosuppressive characteristics of P2Y6 receptor–expressing TAMs.
Was Sozialarbeiter_innen können sollten
Authors: Wagner Leonie 
Published: February 2025

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag thematisiert die Diskussion um die Frage einer Aufnahme von Desaster(Risk)Management in Studiengänge Soziale Arbeit und spricht dabei erforderliche Kompetenzen und Inhalte an. Anschließend stellt er ein Weiterbildungsmodell aus Großbritannien vor, das versucht, solche Kompetenzen und Inhalte herauszuarbeiten.
Is ypN Sufficient to Stage Gastric Cancer Patients After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy?
Authors: Natalizi Nicola , Graziosi Luigina , Di Schiena Fabiola , Donini Annibale 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The accuracy of the eighth American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) ypTNM staging system on the prognosis of gastric cancer patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy is controversial. This study aimed to evaluate staging systems using the log odds of positive lymph nodes (LODDS) and the lymph node ratio (LNR) evaluation. We evaluated a case series of 45 GC patients who underwent radical gastric resection after neoadjuvant therapy in a single western center. The median age was 65 years old. The men/women ratio was 1.5. Data collection was conducted from January to December 2023 with a median follow-up of 76 months. Both 5- and 10-year overall survival (OS) and 5- and 10-year disease-free survival (DFS) were analyzed. We also evaluated the survival prognostic impact of ypN, yLNR, and yLODDS staging systems. The 5y-OS of the different pN staging categories was, respectively, pN0 90%, pN1 71.43%, pN2 50%, and pN3 46.87%. The 5y-OS of the different LNR staging subgroups was, respectively, LNR0 90%, LNR1 80%, LNR2 66.67%, and LNR3 27.71%. The 5y-OS of the different LODDS staging categories was, respectively, LODDS1 85.71%, LODDS2 77.78%, LODDS3 66.67%, and LODD4 27.71%. Instead, the 10y-OS in the ypN group was, respectively, N0 90%, N1 53.57%, N2 50%, and N3 46.87%. The 10y-OS in LNR group was LNR0 90%, LNR1 80%, LNR2 50%, and LNR3 27.71%, and the 10y-OS in LODDS classification was LODDS1 85.71%, LODDS2 77.78%, LODDS3 50%, and LODD4 27.71%. We did not find a statistical difference in DFS according to the pN staging system (p = 0.12). On the contrary, we showed a statistically significant difference in 5 and 10y-DFS according to LNR and LODDS staging categories (p = 0.018 and p = 0.026, respectively). The 5 and 10y-DFS in the different LNR categories were, respectively, LNR0 80.8% and 80.8%, LNR1 75% and 75%, LNR2 64.81% and 42.88%, and LNR3 41.56% and 41.56%. The 5 and 10y-DFS of the different LODDS categories were, respectively, LODDS1 72.92% and 72.92%, LODDS2 83.33% and 83.33%, LODDS3 68.57% and 50.67%, and LODD4 41.56% and 41.56%. Many survival prognostic factors were analyzed as age, tumor site, tumor size, surgery, T categories, histological subtype groups, number of metastatic nodes, N ratio, and LODDS. After, we compared the three lymph node staging systems ypN, yLNR, and yTLM. The metastatic lymph node ratio could represent a more reliable staging system regardless of the examined number of lymph nodes. On the other hand, LODDS can provide more information than pN. The pN only measures the absolute number of positive lymph nodes and does not provide additional information. In addition, LODDS is more acceptable than pN because it contains more information related to the status of lymph nodes. Our results confirm that a novel established staging system based on LODDS and lymph node ratio could offer a good survival stratification in GC patients receiving NAC.
Note on the Metric Entropy for Multivalued Maps
Authors: Andres Jan , Ludvík Pavel 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The first goal of this note is to highlight several discrepancies in the proofs of the recent paper by Vivas and Sirvent (Discrete Contin Dyn Syst Ser B 27(11):6589–6604, 2022. https://doi.org/10.3934/dcdsb.2022010). The results in question, which relate metric and topological entropies for multivalued maps and can be referred to as “half variational principles” for multivalued maps, are pioneering in this field. Our second goal is to provide revised statements accompanied by correct proofs. By employing the concept of

$$h_+$$

h
+

entropy for multivalued maps, developed in our earlier papers, we were able to partially strengthen the results of Vivas and Sirvent and establish the “full variational principle” for a special subclass of multivalued lower semicontinuous maps with convex compact values on a compact subset of a Banach space. However, our approach requires two rather restrictive additional assumptions, which were also used by Vivas and Sirvent in another related context.
Searching for linear structures in the failure of the Stone-Weierstrass theorem
Authors: Caballer Marc , Dantas Sheldon , Rodríguez-Vidanes Daniel L. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We investigate the failure of the Stone-Weierstrass theorem focusing on the existence of large dimensional vector spaces within the set

$$\mathcal {C}(L, \mathbb {K}) {\setminus } \overline{\mathcal {A}}$$

C

(
L
,
K
)

\

A
¯

, where L is a compact Hausdorff space and

$$\mathcal {A}$$

A

is a self-adjoint subalgebra of

$$\mathcal {C}(L, \mathbb {K})$$

C
(
L
,
K
)

that vanishes nowhere on L but does not necessarily separate the points of L. We address the problem of finding the precise codimension of

$$\overline{\mathcal {A}}$$

A
¯

in a broad setting, which allows us to describe the lineability of

$$\mathcal {C}(L, \mathbb {K}) {\setminus } \overline{\mathcal {A}}$$

C

(
L
,
K
)

\

A
¯

in detail. Our analysis yields both affirmative and negative results regarding the lineability of this set. Furthermore, we also study the set

$$(\mathcal {C}(\partial {D}, \mathbb {C}) {\setminus } \overline{\text {Pol}(\partial {D})}) \cup \{0\}$$

(
C

(
∂
D
,
C
)

\

Pol
(
∂
D
)

¯

)
∪

{
0
}

, where

$$\text {Pol}(\partial {D})$$

Pol
(
∂
D
)

is the set of all complex polynomials in one variable restricted to the boundary of the unit disk. Recent lineability properties are also taken into account.
Causal association of sarcopenia-related traits with brain cortical structure: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhan Yuxuan , Zhang Zhiyun , Lin Siyi , Du Bang , Zhang Kai , Wu Jian , Xu Hongxia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Patients with sarcopenia often experience cognitive decline, affecting cortical structures, but the causal link remains unclear. We used bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) to explore the relationship between sarcopenia-related traits and cortical structure.

Methods
We selected genetic variables from genome-wide association study data. Three different MR methods were used: inverse-variance weighted analysis, MR-Egger regression, and the weighted median test. For significant estimates, we further conducted Cochran’s Q test, MR-Egger intercept test, leave-one-out analyses, and MR-PRESSO to assess heterogeneity.

Results
In forward MR analysis, appendicular lean mass (ALM) decreased the thickness (TH) of lateral occipital gyrus and increased the TH of pars opercularis gyrus (β = -0.0079 mm, 95% CI: -0.0117 mm to -0.0041 mm, P < 0.0001; β = 0.0080 mm, 95% CI: 0.0042 mm to 0.0117 mm, P < 0.0001). In reverse MR analysis, a significant negative correlation was found between the TH of bankssts and ALM, while positive correlations were observed between the TH of frontal pole, rostral anterior cingulate, temporal pole, and ALM. The TH of temporal pole was positively correlated with right hand grip strength (HGS-R) (β = 0.1596 mm, 95% CI: 0.1349 mm to 0.1843 mm, P < 0.0001), and the TH of pars triangularis was positively correlated with left-hand grip strength (HGS-L) (β = 0.3251 mm, 95% CI: 0.2339 mm to 0.4163 mm, P < 0.0001).

Conclusions
Sarcopenia-related traits and cortical structure have bidirectional effects, supporting the muscle-brain axis theory. This links sarcopenia to neurocognitive diseases and provides new strategies for the prevention and intervention of both sarcopenia and cognitive decline.
Metalinguist: enhancing hate speech detection with cross-lingual meta-learning
Authors: Hashmi Ehtesham , Yayilgan Sule Yildirim , Abomhara Mohamed 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The rise of social media has led to an increase in hate speech. Hate speech is generally described as a deliberate act of aggression aimed at a particular group, intended to harm or marginalize them based on specific attributes of their identity. While positive interactions in diverse communities can greatly enhance confidence, it is important to acknowledge that negative remarks such as hate speech can weaken community unity and present a significant impact on people’s well-being. This highlights the need for improved monitoring and guidelines on social media platforms to protect individuals from discriminatory and harmful actions. Despite extensive research on resource-rich languages, such as English and German, the detection and analysis of hate speech in less-resourced languages, such as Norwegian, remains underexplored. Addressing this gap, our study leverages a metalinguistic approach that uses advanced meta-learning techniques to enhance the detection capabilities across bilingual texts, effectively linking technical advancements directly to the pressing social issue of hate speech. In this study, we introduce techniques that adapt models that deal with hate speech detection within the same languages (intra-lingual), across different languages (cross-lingual), and techniques that adapt models to new languages with minimal extra training, independent of the model type (cross-lingual model-agnostic meta-learning-based approaches) for bilingual text analysis in Norwegian and English. Our methodology incorporates attention mechanisms (components that help the model focus on relevant parts of the text) and adaptive learning rate schedulers (tools that adjust the learning speed based on performance). Our methodology incorporates components that help the model focus on relevant parts of the text (attention mechanisms) and tools that adjust the learning speed based on performance (adaptive learning rate schedulers). We conducted various experiments using language-specific and multilingual transformers. Among these, the combination of Nor-BERT and LSTM with zero-shot and few-shot model-agnostic meta-learning achieved remarkable F1 scores of 79% and 90%, highlighting the effectiveness of our proposed framework.