bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Northern-Grown Crops as Hosts of Soybean Cyst Nematode
Authors: Poromarto Susilo H. , Nelson Berlin D. 
Published: March 2010

Sixty-two cultivars/varieties of thirteen crops grown in the northern Great Plains were evaluated for suitability as hosts of the soybean cyst nematode (SCN; Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) (HG type 0) using soybean Lee 74 as the susceptible host. “Cone-tainers” with autoclaved sand were infested with 2,000 eggs placed into a 2-cm × 1-cm hole and then a 3-day-old germinated seed was placed in the hole. “Cone-tainers” were placed in sand in plastic pots immersed in a water bath at 27°C in the greenhouse. Plants were harvested after 30 days, and females were extracted and counted. A female index (FI = the average number of females on the test plant divided by the average number of females on soybean Lee 74 times 100) was calculated for each cultivar to assess host suitability to the nematode. FI's ≥ 10 indicated a suitable host. Canola, clover, lentil, and sunflower were nonhosts (no evidence of reproduction), while borage, camelina, chickpea, crambe, cuphea, field pea, nyjer, and safflower were poor hosts for SCN with FI's less than 8. Lupines were the only suitable host with FI's of 42 to 57. This is the first report of reproduction of SCN on chickpea, crambe, cuphea, and nyjer. Accepted for publication 2 December 2009. Published 15 March 2010.
Genetic polymorphisms of the bovine Fatty acid binding protein 4 gene are significantly associated with marbling and carcass weight in Hanwoo (Korean Cattle)
Authors: Lee S. H. , Van Der Werf J. H. J. , Lee S. H. , Park E. W. , Oh S. J. , Gibson J. P. , Thompson J. M. 
Published: March 2010

SummaryThe objective of this study was to investigate an association between polymorphisms in the FABP4 gene and phenotypic variation for marbling and carcass weight (CWT) in a population of Hanwoo steers. We re‐sequenced 4.3 kb of the FABP4 gene region in 24 Hanwoo bulls and identified 16 SNPs and 1 microsatellite polymorphism. Of these 16 SNPs, three SNPs [g.2774G>C (intron I), g.3473A>T (intron II) and g.3631G>A (exon III, creating a p.Met >Val amino acid substitution)] were genotyped in 583 steers to assess their association with carcass traits. The g.3473A allele showed a significant increasing effect on CWT (P = 0.01) and the g.3631G allele was associated with higher marbling score (P = 0.006). One haplotype of these three SNPs (CAG) was significantly associated with CWT (P = 0.02) and marbling score (P = 0.05) and could potentially be of value for marker assisted selection in Hanwoo cattle. The CAG haplotype effect for CWT was larger (11.14 ± 5.03 kg) than the largest single locus effect of g.3473A>T (5.01 ± 2.2 kg).
Diversity and phylogeny of mitochondrial DNA isolated from mithun Bos frontalis located in Bhutan
Authors: Dorji T. , Mannen H. , Namikawa T. , Inamura T. , Kawamoto Y. 
Published: March 2010

SummaryWe sequenced the 16S rRNA gene in mitochondrial DNA to characterize mithun located in Bhutan and to increase our understanding of its origin. We compared mithun with yak, European cattle, Bhutanese zebu and Indian zebu. Sequencing revealed low nucleotide diversity within the mithun population and their phylogenetic proximity to gaur. A close relationship between Bhutanese mithun and gaur was confirmed by an additional comparison with wild gaur specimens from three locations in Bhutan. Direct domestication of mithun from gaur was supported, while maternal contribution from the cattle lineage during domestication was not supported.
Regulation of the humanHBAgenes by KLF4 in erythroid cell lines
Authors: Marini M. Giuseppina , Porcu Loredana , Asunis Isadora , Loi M. Giuseppina , Ristaldi M. Serafina , Porcu Susanna , Ikuta Tohru , Cao Antonio , Moi Paolo 
Published: March 2010

SummaryKLF1/EKLF and related Krueppel‐like factors (KLFs) are variably implicated in the regulation of theHBB‐like globin genes. Prompted by the observation that four KLF sites are distributed in the human α‐globin gene (HBA) promoter, we investigated if KLFs could also act to modulate the expression of theHBAgenes. Among the KLFs tested, only KLF4/GKLF bound specifically to three out of four α‐globin KLF sites. The occupancy of the same sites by KLF4in vivowas confirmed by chromatin immunoprecipitation assays with KLF4‐specific antibodies. In luciferase reporter assays in MEL cells, high levels of the wild typeHBApromoter, but not mutated promoters bearing point mutations that disrupted KLF4‐DNA binding, were transactivated by over‐expression of KLF4. In K562 cells, induced KLF4 expression with a Tet‐off regulated cassette stimulated the expression of the endogenousHBAgenes. In a complementary assay in the same cell line, knocking down KLF4 with lentiviral delivered sh‐RNAs caused a parallel decrease in the transcription of theHBAgenes. All experiments combined support a regulatory role of KLF4 in the control ofHBAgene expression.
Flow cytometric scoring system (FCMSS) assisted diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and the biological significance of FCMSS‐based immunophenotypes
Authors: Xu Feng , Li Xiao , Wu Lingyun , He Qi , Zhang Zheng , Chang Chunkang 
Published: March 2010

SummaryIn the myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), the haematopoietic cells show various levels of abnormal maturation and differentiation, which can be detected by flow cytometry. Testing the anomalies of stage‐ or lineage‐specific surface antigens in CD34+ blasts can distinguish MDS from non‐clonal cytopenic diseases, and also reflect the pathological characteristics of MDS as a class of clonal diseases for providing new clues to basic research. The present study established a flow cytometric scoring system (FCMSS) based on theproportion and antigenic co‐expression of CD34+ blasts. This FCMSS showed good sensitivity and specificity (77·8% and 100%) in the assisted diagnosis of low‐risk MDS without chromosome anomalies, ringed sideroblasts and excess marrow blasts. Moreover, we explored and reported different modes of abnormal expression of CD34+ blasts antigens in different disease stages and analyzed the biological significance of the immunotypes for the first time. We found expression of mature myeloid antigens and lymphoid antigens gradually decreased, and early functional antigens gradually increased from low‐risk MDS with normal karytype to low‐risk MDS with abnormal karyotype then to high‐risk MDS. The patients with higher FCM scores were generally accompanied with HLA‐DR15 allele or hypocellular marrow. Evolution of clones and immunological factors might have influence on expression of antigens in CD34+ blasts.
Cytokeratin expression as an aid to diagnosis in medical liver biopsies
Authors: Bateman Adrian C , Hübscher Stefan G 
Published: March 2010

Bateman A C & Hübscher S G (2010) Histopathology56, 415–425 Cytokeratin expression as an aid to diagnosis in medical liver biopsiesThe study of cytokeratin expression has provided a valuable insight into the biliary microanatomy of the liver in health and disease. The canals of Hering are a putative site of origin for progenitor cells, which may repopulate the liver after cellular damage and loss. Normal bile ducts and the bile ductular reaction that occurs in many chronic liver diseases – especially chronic biliary tract disease – express cytokeratin (CK) 7 and CK19. Therefore, both ductopenia and the process of bile ductular reaction can be highlighted with immunohistochemistry for these cytokeratins. Furthermore, CK7 is usually expressed in an increasingly widespread manner by hepatocytes as chronic cholestatic liver disease progresses. For these reasons, CK immunohistochemistry is a very useful adjunct to morphological assessment and histochemical stains for copper retention when a diagnosis of chronic biliary disease is being considered. This review describes the anatomical theory behind the use of CK immunohistochemistry for the assessment of bile duct number and distribution in the liver and provides practical advice for the application of this technique in the diagnostic setting of common medical liver diseases.
Aristolochic acid nephropathy revisited: a place for innate and adaptive immunity?
Authors: Pozdzik Agnieszka A , Berton Alix , Schmeiser Heinz H , Missoum Wassim , Decaestecker Christine , Salmon Isabelle J , Vanherweghem Jean‐Louis , Nortier Joëlle L 
Published: March 2010

Pozdzik A A, Berton A, Schmeiser H H, Missoum W, Decaestecker C, Salmon I J, Vanherweghem J‐L & Nortier J L (2010) Histopathology56, 449–463 Aristolochic acid nephropathy revisited: a place for innate and adaptive immunity? Aims:  The histological features of aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN) consist of paucicellular interstitial fibrosis, severe tubular atrophy, and almost intact glomeruli with media lesions of interlobular arteries. As an early phase of interstitial inflammation preceded peritubular fibrosis in the rat model of AAN, the aim was to investigate the presence of inflammatory cells in human AAN.Methods and results:  Reports of confirmed cases and case series of AAN were reviewed in terms of interstitial inflammation and found to have very conflicting results. This prompted us to search for and characterize inflammatory cells within the native kidneys provided from four end‐stage AAN patients. Prior aristolochic acid exposure was attested by the intrarenal presence of the typical aristolactam I‐derived DNA adduct. Besides the tubulointerstitial lesions usually seen in the cortex, a massive infiltration of macrophages, T and B lymphocytes was detected by immunohistochemistry in the medullary rays and in the outer medullae with some extension to the upper cortical labyrinth.Conclusions:  In parallel with histological findings reported in the rat model, inflammatory cells are present preferentially in the interstitium of the medullary rays and of the outer medulllae in renal interstitium from human AAN cases, even in the terminal stages. Further studies must be undertaken to determine the respective roles of innate and adaptive immunity in the progression of AAN.
Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome and nodular regenerative hyperplasia are frequent oxaliplatin‐associated liver lesions and partially prevented by bevacizumab in patients with hepatic colorectal metastasis
Authors: Rubbia‐Brandt Laura , Lauwers Gregory Y , Wang Huamin , Majno Pietro E , Tanabe Kenneth , X Zhu Andrew , Brezault Catherine , Soubrane Olivier , Abdalla Eddie K , Vauthey Jean‐Nicolas , Mentha Gilles , Terris Benoit 
Published: March 2010

Rubbia‐Brandt L, Lauwers G Y, Wang H, Majno P E, Tanabe K, Zhu A X, Brezault C, Soubrane O, Abdalla E K, Vauthey J‐N, Mentha G & Terris B (2010) Histopathology56, 430–439 Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome and nodular regenerative hyperplasia are frequent oxaliplatin‐associated liver lesions and partially prevented by bevacizumab in patients with hepatic colorectal metastasisAims:  Because of its efficacy, oxaliplatin (OX) is increasingly used as a chemotherapeutic agent in the treatment of colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). Oxaliplatin‐associated liver toxicity has been reported and can affect clinical practice, but studies on its prevalence and a full pathological description are lacking. The aims of this study were to fill this gap by providing, from a pathologist’s perspective, a detailed assessment of the spectrum of hepatic lesions associated with OX, to suggest a scoring system to quantify them, and to investigate the protective effect of bevacizumab against OX‐associated damage.Methods and results:  The spectrum of oxaliplatin‐associated liver lesions was investigated in a multi‐institutional series of surgically resected CRLM (n = 385). Among 274 patients treated by OX, 54% had moderate/severe sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS). Peliosis, centrilobular perisinusoidal/venular fibrosis and nodular regenerative hyperplasia (NRH) developed in 10.6%, 47% and 24.5%, respectively. The 111 patients treated by surgery alone had no lesions. Hepatic lesions were less severe in patients treated with OX/bevacizumab (n = 70) compared with the group treated by OX alone (n = 204), with an incidence of moderate/severe SOS (31.4% versus 62.2%), peliosis (4.3% versus 14.6%), NRH (11.4% versus 28.9%, respectively) and centrilobular/venular fibrosis (31.4% versus 52%, respectively) (P < 0.001).Conclusions:  Pathologists should be aware of the distinctive lesions associated with OX and of their high prevalence. OX‐related lesions are less frequent in patients treated with bevacizumab, suggesting that this drug has a preventive effect. Uniform criteria for diagnosis and grading of OX‐associated lesions should help to include histological data in the optimal multidisciplinary management of CRLM.
Analysis of histological features in needle core biopsy of breast useful in preoperative distinction between fibroadenoma and phyllodes tumour
Authors: Morgan J Mike , Douglas‐Jones Anthony G , Gupta Sanjeev K 
Published: March 2010

Morgan J M, Douglas‐Jones A G & Gupta S K (2010) Histopathology56, 489–500 Analysis of histological features in needle core biopsy of breast useful in preoperative distinction between fibroadenoma and phyllodes tumour Aims:  Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) has been replaced by Needle core biopsy (NCB) as the pathological investigation of choice in pre‐operative diagnosis of breast lesions. Despite the greater yield of material with spatial information, the distinction between fibroepithelial lesions of the breast, fibroadenoma (FA) and benign phyllodes tumour (PT), remains problematic. The aim of this study was to confirm a set of histological features which may assist in the pre‐operative distinction between FA and PT on NCB and to explore novel strategies to refine the analysis of the data.Methods:  Previously defined histological criteria were applied to 112 NCBs of fibroepithelial lesions of the breast. Contingency tables for frequency analysis, logistic regression, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and linear discriminant analysis were used.Results:  Frequency analysis identifying significant differences agreed with published data. Correct categorisation was possible in 95% of cases using logistic regression analysis (age and mitotic index) and in 94% using discriminant analysis (age, mitoses and %stroma). ROC analysis identified cut off values (between FA and PT) for age (50–55 years), %stroma (85–90) and mitoses (≥1/2.2 mm2).Conclusion:  The results confirm previously published observations and provide novel putative predictive tools, to be tested prospectively.
Interleukin‐15 enhances proliferation and chemokine secretion of human follicular dendritic cells
Authors: Gil Minchan , Park Seo‐Jeong , Chung Yoo‐Sam , Park Chan‐Sik 
Published: March 2010

SummaryThe germinal centre (GC) is a specialized microenvironment where high‐affinity antibodies are produced through hypermutation and isotype switching. Follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) are the stromal cells of the GC. The timely expansion and establishment of an FDC network is essential for a protective GC reaction; however, only a few factors modulating FDC development have been recognized. In this study, we report that interleukin‐15 (IL‐15) enhances human primary FDC proliferation and regulates cytokine secretion. The FDCs express IL‐15 receptor complexes for IL‐15 signal transduction as well as for specific binding. Moreover, the secretion of chemokines CCL‐2, CCL‐5, CXCL‐5 and CXCL‐8 was reduced by blocking IL‐15 signalling while the secretion of other cytokines, and the expression of CD14, CD44, CD54 (ICAM‐1) and CD106 (VCAM‐1) proteins remained unchanged. These results suggest that IL‐15 plays a crucial role in the development of FDC networks during GC reaction, offering a new target for immune modulation.
Care of acutely ill older patients in hospital: clinical decision‐making
Authors: Milton‐Wildey Kathleen , O’Brien Louise 
Published: March 2010

Aims and objectives.  The aim of this study was to investigate the nursing care of older hospitalised patients and how the nurses providing care understood the clinical decision‐making around this care.Background.  One of the challenges confronting nurses is how best to manage the care required by increasing numbers of older people with complex problems and illnesses being admitted to hospitals.Design.  This qualitative study used multiple methods of data collection that included observations, interviews and, where needed, review of the hospital records of older patients.Method.  Twenty‐seven registered nurses participated from across five hospital units. Data were analysed thematically to understand how nurses cared for older patients.Results.  The interpretative analysis yielded three major themes that emerged in relation to nursing care of older patients: knowing about care; optionalising care; and blaming. Participants were knowledgeable and potentially competent in providing care required by older patients in hospital. However, they admitted that they optionalised care by making decisions about which patients to care for and how much care should be provided. Participants rationalised these decisions through laying blame on the hospital organisation, needing social time with colleagues and preferring medically oriented technical interventions.Conclusion.  Nurses experienced tension between professional and ethical nursing responsibilities and the lack of challenge and reward associated with the care of this group of patients. They attended to the more highly valued medical interventions and substituted time to care for older patients by socialisation with colleagues.Relevance to clinical practice.  This study draws attention to the discrepancy between stated and practice values in the care of hospitalised older patients. Clarification of disciplinary values and the professional role is required, including the adoption of models of care that refocus nursing care through the promotion of holistic practices.
Skin injuries caused by medical adhesive tape in older people and associated factors
Authors: Konya Chizuko , Sanada Hiromi , Sugama Junko , Okuwa Mayumi , Kamatani Yuki , Nakagami Gojiro , Sakaki Kozue 
Published: March 2010

Aim and objectives.  This study was designed to investigate the status of skin injuries in older individuals caused by adhesive tape and the associated factors for skin injury.Background.  Older individuals are susceptible to skin injuries caused by medical adhesive tape. However, the current status of such skin injuries and the associated factors involved has not been clearly elucidated.Design.  Prospective cohort design, using comparative and descriptive statistical tests.Methods.  The subjects were 155 patients aged 65 or older who were admitted to a long‐term care facility and required the use of medical adhesive tape. Patients who showed no skin injuries were selected and the incidence rate and status of skin injuries that occurred during the eight‐week study period were investigated. The skin injuries observed were classified by a dermatologist. The associated factors were examined statistically. Informed consent was obtained from all patients.Results.  Skin injuries developed at 34 sites in 24 subjects. The cumulative incidence rate was 15·5%, and the incidence density was 38·0/1000 person‐days. Many of the skin injuries occurred around pressure ulcers and intravenous hyperalimentation sites. Other prevalent areas included the buttocks and back, where tape is commonly used. The skin injuries were classified as contact dermatitis (70·6%), trauma (20·6%) and infection (8·8%). The ratio of skin contamination and skin mobility in patients with contact dermatitis was significantly higher than in patients without skin injury.Conclusion.  The highest incidence rate was observed in the buttock area of patients with pressure ulcers. The incidence rate of contact dermatitis was the highest.Relevance to clinical practice.  Skin care to minimise contamination and more effective ways of applying medical adhesive tape may be needed to prevent contact dermatitis.
Influence of acorn woodpecker social behaviour on transport of coast live oak (Quercus agrifolia) acorns in a southern California oak savanna
Authors: Scofield Douglas G. , Sork Victoria L. , Smouse Peter E. 
Published: March 2010

Summary1.Many plant species depend upon animals for seed dispersal, yet animals disperse seeds in pursuit of their own social and behavioural agendas. Animal social behaviour affects where and how they forage, so it must also shape patterns of seed dispersal.2.At Sedgwick Reserve, California, USA, we established a study population ofQuercus agrifoliato determine patterns of acorn foraging by the acorn woodpecker (Melanerpes formicivorous). This cooperative breeder lives in social groups that defend territories surrounding arboreal seed caches (granaries), foraging communally within these territories.3.We genotyped pericarp tissue of 568 acorns, as well as 285 adultQ. agrifoliatrees, including all adults within 150 m of 16 focal granaries. After quantifying genotyping error, we identified a genetically reliable subset of 524 acorns. We assigned a source tree to each acorn and estimated the number of seed sources per granary and seed source sharing among granaries.4.We found one to eight distinct seed‐source genotypes per granary, and an effective source diversity ranging from 1.0 to 6.6 seed sources. Of all transport events, 96.5% involve source trees within 150 m of the granaries. For one granary, all sampled acorns were transported from five trees located more than 1.3 km away, with all source trees within 90 m of each other. No measure of seed‐source diversity was associated with density of potential seed sources, and the pattern of acorn movement fits three traditional dispersal curves poorly.5.Woodpecker groups rarely collected acorns from overlapping sets of maternal sources. Some pairs of neighbouring granaries shared maternal sources, and we identify those that were probably maintained by the same woodpecker group.6.Synthesis. Territoriality of woodpecker groups restricts both the spatial area of foraging and the sharing of seed sources. This foraging behaviour limits distances and directions of acorn transport from oaks located within woodpecker territories. Dispersal agents with this type of social structure will create a high degree of local genetic structure. Extreme behavioural variations may result in anomalous long‐distance dispersal events that increase genetic connectivity, but are likely to do so in an episodic and erratic fashion.