bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strategies for Collaboration in the Interdisciplinary Field of Emerging Zoonotic Diseases
Authors: Anholt R. M. , Stephen C. , Copes R. 
Published: January 2012

SummaryThe integration of the veterinary, medical and environmental sciences necessary to predict, prevent or respond to emerging zoonotic diseases requires effective collaboration and exchange of knowledge across these disciplines. There has been no research into how to connect and integrate these professions in the pursuit of a common task. We conducted a literature search looking at the experiences and wisdom resulting from collaborations built in health partnerships, health research knowledge transfer and exchange, business knowledge management and systems design engineering to identify key attributes of successful interdisciplinary (ID) collaboration. This was followed by a workshop with 16 experts experienced in ID collaboration including physicians, veterinarians and biologists from private practice, academia and government agencies. The workshop participants shared their perspectives on the facilitators and barriers to ID collaboration. Our results found that the elements that can support or impede ID collaboration can be categorized as follows: the characteristics of the people, the degree to which the task is a shared goal, the policies, practices and resources of the workplace, how information technology is used and the evaluation of the results. Above all, personal relationships built on trust and respect are needed to best assemble the disciplinary strength of the professions. The challenge of meeting collaborators outside the boundaries of one’s discipline or jurisdiction may be met by an independent third party, an ID knowledge broker. The broker would know where the knowledge could be found, would facilitate introductions and would help to build effective ID teams.
Effects of Prostaglandin E1on the Preparation of Platelet Concentrates in Dogs
Authors: Segawa K. , Kondo T. , Kimura S. , Fujimoto A. , Kato T. , Ishikawa T. , Neo S. , Hisasue M. , Yamada T. , Tsuchiya R. 
Published: January 2012

BackgroundPlatelet concentrates (PC) are prepared by centrifugation of platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) that is prepared by centrifugation of whole blood. The resuspension of the platelet pellet duringPCpreparation from dogs is difficult because of platelet activation induced by centrifugation.ObjectivesTo investigate the efficacy of adding prostaglandin E1(PGE1) to prevent platelet activation duringPCpreparation from dogs.AnimalsFifteen healthy Beagle dogs.MethodsProspective, experimental trial:PGE1was added toPRPbefore the high‐speed centrifugation duringPCpreparation. To estimate the effect of this addition, we assessed the platelet aggregability before transfusion, the survival of the platelets after transfusion, and the platelet reactivity after transfusion, which is estimated by the P‐selectin expression of the platelets when stimulated by thrombin.ResultsThe difficulty associated with platelet resuspension was resolved byPGE1.PGE1strongly inhibited platelet aggregation induced by collagen andADP; however, it recovered after the platelets were resuspended in plasma withoutPGE1(mean aggregation ratio; collagen: 10.00–80.80%,ADP: 8.20–53.60%). Survival of the platelets after transfusion was not affected byPGE1(mean 8.04 and 7.56 days, without and withPGE1), and thrombin‐induced P‐selectin expression after transfusion inPGE1‐treatedPCwas also well maintained (mean positive ratio 53.7 and 47.9%, before and 24 hours after transfusion).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThe addition ofPGE1inPRPbefore the centrifugation ofPRPcan improve the preparation efficiency ofPCfrom dogs, while maintaining the therapeutic efficacy of the platelets.
Genome Sequence of the Marine Bacterium Vibrio campbellii DS40M4, Isolated from Open Ocean Water
Authors: Dias Graciela M. , Thompson Cristiane C. , Fishman Brian , Naka Hiroaki , Haygood Margo G. , Crosa Jorge H. , Thompson Fabiano L. 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACT

Vibrio
sp. strain DS40M4 is a marine bacterium that was isolated from open ocean water. In this work, using genomic taxonomy, we were able to classify this bacterium as
V. campbellii
. Our genomic analysis revealed that
V. campbellii
DS40M4 harbors genes related to iron transport, virulence, and environmental fitness, such as those encoding anguibactin and vanchrobactin biosynthesis proteins, type II, III, IV, and VI secretion systems, and proteorhodopsin.
Life and Death of Deep-Sea Vents: Bacterial Diversity and Ecosystem Succession on Inactive Hydrothermal Sulfides
Authors: Sylvan Jason B. , Toner Brandy M. , Edwards Katrina J. 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACT

Hydrothermal chimneys are a globally dispersed habitat on the seafloor associated with mid-ocean ridge (MOR) spreading centers. Active, hot, venting sulfide structures from MORs have been examined for microbial diversity and ecology since their discovery in the mid-1970s, and recent work has also begun to explore the microbiology of inactive sulfides—structures that persist for decades to millennia and form moderate to massive deposits at and below the seafloor. Here we used tag pyrosequencing of the V6 region of the 16S rRNA and full-length 16S rRNA sequencing on inactive hydrothermal sulfide chimney samples from 9°N on the East Pacific Rise to learn their bacterial composition, metabolic potential, and succession from venting to nonventing (inactive) regimes. Alpha-, beta-, delta-, and gammaproteobacteria and members of the phylum
Bacteroidetes
dominate all inactive sulfides. Greater than 26% of the V6 tags obtained are closely related to lineages involved in sulfur, nitrogen, iron, and methane cycling. Epsilonproteobacteria represent <4% of the V6 tags recovered from inactive sulfides and 15% of the full-length clones, despite their high abundance in active chimneys. Members of the phylum
Aquificae
, which are common in active vents, were absent from both the V6 tags and full-length 16S rRNA data sets. In both analyses, the proportions of alphaproteobacteria, betaproteobacteria, and members of the phylum
Bacteroidetes
were greater than those found on active hydrothermal sulfides. These shifts in bacterial population structure on inactive chimneys reveal ecological succession following cessation of venting and also imply a potential shift in microbial activity and metabolic guilds on hydrothermal sulfides, the dominant biome that results from seafloor venting.

IMPORTANCE
Hydrothermal chimneys are globally dispersed seafloor habitats associated with mid-ocean ridge spreading centers. Active, hot, venting chimneys have been examined for microbial ecology since their discovery in the late 1970s, but the microbiology of inactive chimneys, which may persist for thousands of years, has only recently been explored. We studied bacterial diversity on inactive hydrothermal sulfide chimney samples from 9°N on the East Pacific Rise to learn their bacterial community composition, potential ecological roles, and succession from active venting to inactive chimneys. Many bacteria on inactive sulfide chimneys are closely related to lineages involved in sulfur, nitrogen, iron, and methane cycling, and two common groups found on active chimneys are nearly absent from inactive vents, where they were replaced by groups likely involved in the elemental cycling mentioned above. Our findings reveal that ecological succession occurs on hydrothermal sulfides after active venting ceases and also imply a potential shift in microbial metabolic guilds.
FlexSig
Authors: Orosa Lois , Antelo Elisardo , Bruguera Javier D. 
Published: January 2012

With the advent of chip multiprocessors, new techniques have been developed to make parallel programing easier and more reliable. New parallel programing paradigms and new methods of making the execution of programs more efficient and more reliable have been developed. Usually, these improvements require hardware support to avoid a system slowdown.
Signatures based on Bloom filters are widely used as hardware support for parallel programing in chip multiprocessors. Signatures are used in Transactional Memory, thread-level speculation, parallel debugging, deterministic replay and other tools and applications. The main limitation of hardware signatures is the lack of flexibility: if signatures are designed with a given configuration, tailored to the requirements of a specific tool or application, it is likely that they do not fit well for other different requirements.

In this paper a new hardware signature organization, called
Flexible Signatures
(
FlexSig
), is proposed.
FlexSig
can change dynamically the resources assigned to a given signature and the number of signatures in the system, by redistributing the available hardware resources according to the system requirements. This allows higher flexibility than with traditional fixed-resources signatures based on Bloom filters, while maintaining a low false positive rate.

FlexSig
has been evaluated by comparing it with signatures based on parallel Bloom filters, and we conclude that
FlexSig
outperforms (in terms of false positive rate) conventional parallel Bloom filters in most cases, due to its ability to use all the signature resources available.
Constitutive AP-1 Activity and EBV Infection Induce PD-L1 in Hodgkin Lymphomas and Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disorders: Implications for Targeted Therapy
Authors: Green Michael R. , Rodig Scott , Juszczynski Przemyslaw , Ouyang Jing , Sinha Papiya , O'Donnell Evan , Neuberg Donna , Shipp Margaret A. 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
Purpose: Programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a molecule expressed on antigen-presenting cells that engages the PD-1 receptor on T cells and inhibits T-cell receptor signaling. The PD-1 axis can be exploited by tumor cells to dampen host antitumor immune responses and foster tumor cell survival. PD-1 blockade has shown promise in multiple malignancies but should be directed toward patients in whom it will be most effective. In recent studies, we found that the chromosome 9p24.1 amplification increased the gene dosage of PD-L1 and its induction by JAK2 in a subset of patients with classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). However, cHLs with normal 9p24.1 copy numbers also expressed detectable PD-L1, prompting analyses of additional PD-L1 regulatory mechanisms.
Experimental Design: Herein, we utilized immunohistochemical, genomic, and functional analyses to define alternative mechanisms of PD-L1 activation in cHL and additional EBV+ lymphoproliferative disorders.
Results: We identified an AP-1–responsive enhancer in the PD-L1 gene. In cHL Reed–Sternberg cells, which exhibit constitutive AP-1 activation, the PD-L1 enhancer binds AP-1 components and increases PD-L1 promoter activity. In addition, we defined Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection as an alternative mechanism for PD-L1 induction in cHLs with diploid 9p24.1. PD-L1 was also expressed by EBV-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines as a result of latent membrane protein 1–mediated, JAK/STAT-dependent promoter and AP-1–associated enhancer activity. In addition, more than 70% of EBV+ posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders expressed detectable PD-L1.
Conclusions: AP-1 signaling and EBV infection represent alternative mechanisms of PD-L1 induction and extend the spectrum of tumors in which to consider PD-1 blockade. Clin Cancer Res; 18(6); 1611–8. ©2012 AACR.
Combined MEK and VEGFR Inhibition in Orthotopic Human Lung Cancer Models Results in Enhanced Inhibition of Tumor Angiogenesis, Growth, and Metastasis
Authors: Takahashi Osamu , Komaki Ritsuko , Smith Paul D. , Jürgensmeier Juliane M. , Ryan Anderson , Bekele B. Nebiyou , Wistuba Ignacio I. , Jacoby Jörg J. , Korshunova Maria V. , Biernacka Anna , Erez Baruch , Hosho Keiko , Herbst Roy S. , O'Reilly Michael S. 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
Purpose: Ras/Raf/mitogen-activated protein–extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) kinase (MEK)/ERK signaling is critical for tumor cell proliferation and survival. Selumetinib is a potent, selective, and orally available MEK1/2 inhibitor. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of selumetinib alone or with cediranib, an orally available potent inhibitor of all three VEGF receptor (VEGFR) tyrosine kinases, in murine orthotopic non–small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) models.
Experimental Design: NCI-H441 or NCI-H460 KRAS-mutant human NSCLC cells were injected into the lungs of mice. Mice were randomly assigned to treatment with selumetinib, cediranib, paclitaxel, selumetinib plus cediranib, or control. When controls became moribund, all animals were sacrificed and assessed for lung tumor burden and locoregional metastasis. Lung tumors and adjacent normal tissues were subjected to immunohistochemical analyses.
Results: Selumetinib inhibited lung tumor growth and, particularly at higher dose, reduced locoregional metastasis, as did cediranib. Combining selumetinib and cediranib markedly enhanced their antitumor effects, with near complete suppression of metastasis. Immunohistochemistry of tumor tissues revealed that selumetinib alone or with cediranib reduced ERK phosphorylation, angiogenesis, and tumor cell proliferation and increased apoptosis. The antiangiogenic and apoptotic effects were substantially enhanced when the agents were combined. Selumetinib also inhibited lung tumor VEGF production and VEGFR signaling.
Conclusions: In this study, we evaluated therapy directed against MEK combined with antiangiogenic therapy in distinct orthotopic NSCLC models. MEK inhibition resulted in potent antiangiogenic effects with decreased VEGF expression and signaling. Combining selumetinib with cediranib enhanced their antitumor and antiangiogenic effects. We conclude that combining selumetinib and cediranib represents a promising strategy for the treatment of NSCLC. Clin Cancer Res; 18(6); 1641–54. ©2012 AACR.
A20 Ubiquitin Ligase–Mediated Polyubiquitination of RIP1 Inhibits Caspase-8 Cleavage and TRAIL-Induced Apoptosis in Glioblastoma
Authors: Bellail Anita C. , Olson Jeffrey J. , Yang Xiaolu , Chen Zhijian J. , Hao Chunhai 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
The TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) apoptotic pathway has emerged as a therapeutic target for the treatment of cancer. However, clinical trials have proven that the vast majority of human cancers are resistant to TRAIL apoptotic pathway-targeted therapies. We show that A20-mediated ubiquitination inhibits caspase-8 cleavage and TRAIL-induced apoptosis in glioblastoma through 2 signaling complexes. A20 is highly expressed in glioblastomas and, together with the death receptor 5 and receptor-interacting protein 1, forms a plasma membrane-bound preligand assembly complex under physiologic conditions. Treatment with TRAIL leads to the recruitment of caspase-8 to the plasma membrane-bound preligand assembly complex for the assembly of a death-inducing signaling complex. In the death-inducing signaling complex, the C-terminal zinc finger (Znf) domain of the A20 ubiquitin ligase mediates receptor-interacting protein 1 polyubiquitination through lysine-63-linked polyubiquitin chains, which bind to the caspase-8 protease domain and inhibit caspase-8 dimerization, cleavage, and the initiation of TRAIL-induced apoptosis in glioblastoma-derived cell lines and tumor-initiating cells.
Significance: These results identify A20 E3 ligase as a therapeutic target whose inhibition can overcome TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand resistance in glioblastoma and thus have an impact on ongoing clinical trials of TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand-targeted combination cancer therapies. Cancer Discovery; 2(2); 140–55. © 2012 AACR.
Read the Commentary on this article by Verbrugge and Johnstone, p. 112.
This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 95.
Molecular Characterization and Physical Mapping of Two Classes of 5S rDNA in the Genomes of <i>Gymnotus sylvius</i> and <i>G. inaequilabiatus</i> (Gymnotiformes, Gymnotidae)
Authors: Scacchetti P.C. , Alves J.C.P. , Utsunomia R. , Claro F.L. , de Almeida Toledo L.F. , Oliveira C. , Foresti F. 
Published: January 2012

The nucleotide sequences of the 5S rRNA multigene family and their distribution across the karyotypes in 2 species of Gymnotiformes, genus <i>Gymnotus</i> <i>(G. sylvius </i>and <i>G. inaequilabiatus)</i> were investigated by means of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The results showed the existence of 2 distinct classes of 5S rDNA sequences in both species: class I and class II. A high conservative pattern of the codifying region of the 5S rRNA gene was identified, contrasting with significant alterations detected in the nontranscribed spacer (NTS). The presence of TATA-like sequences along the NTS of both species was an expected occurrence, since such sequences have been associated with the regulation of the gene expression. FISH using 5S rDNA class I and class II probes revealed that both gene classes were collocated in the same chromosome pair in the genome of <i>G</i>.<i> sylvius</i>, while in that of <i>G</i>.<i> inaequilabiatus</i>, class II appeared more disperse than class I.
Replication and characterisation of genetic variants in the fibrinogen gene cluster with plasma fibrinogen levels and haematological traits in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Jeff Janina M. , Brown-Gentry Kristin , Crawford Dana C. 
Published: January 2012

SummaryPrevious genetic association studies of the fibrinogen gene cluster have identified associations with plasma fibrinogen levels. These studies are typically limited to plasma fibrinogen measured among European-descent populations. We sought to replicate previous well-known associations with fibrinogen variants and plasma fibrinogen. We then sought to identify and characterise novel associations with fibrinogen variants with plasma fibrinogen and several haematological traits in three racial/ethnic populations. We genotyped 25 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the fibrinogen gene cluster in 2,631 non-Hispanic whites, 2,108 non-Hispanic blacks, and 2,073 Mexican-Americans from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). We performed single SNP tests of association for plasma fibrinogen, mean platelet volume, platelet distribution width, platelet count, white blood cell count, and serum triglycerides. Five previously identified associations with plasma fibrinogen replicated in our study in non-Hispanic whites and blacks. We identified two novel associations between genetic variants and decreased plasma fibrinogen: rs2227395 (p=0.0007; non-Hispanic whites) and rs2070022 (p=0.001; Mexican-Americans). Several fibrinogen SNPs were also associated with haema-tological traits: rs6050 with decreased platelet distribution width in non-Hispanic whites; rs6050 and rs2066879 with decreased and increased platelet distribution width, respectively, in non-Hispanic whites; rs2227409 with increased mean platelet volume, rs2070017 with decreased platelet count, and rs6063 with increased platelet distribution width in non-Hispanic blacks; and rs4220 and rs2227395 with decreased white blood cell count, rs2227409 with increased platelet distribution width, rs2066860 and rs1800792 with increased and decreased triclyceride levels, respectively, and rs1800792 with decreased platelet counts in Mexican-Americans. We successfully replicated and identified novel associations with fibrinogen variants and plasma fibrinogen. These data confirm the importance of the fibrinogen gene cluster for plasma fibrinogen levels as well as suggest this gene cluster may have pleiotropic effects on haematological traits.
Increase in the plasma levels of protein Z-dependent protease inhibitor in normal pregnancies but not in non-pregnant patients with unexplained recurrent miscarriage
Authors: Souri Masayoshi , Sugiura-Ogasawara Mayumi , Saito Shigeru , Kemkes-Matthes Bettina , Ichinose Akitada , Meijers Joost C. M. 
Published: January 2012

SummaryProtein Z (PZ)-dependent protease inhibitor (ZPI) is a serine protease inhibitor which efficiently inactivates activated factor X, when ZPI is complexed with PZ in plasma. Reduced plasma levels of ZPI and PZ have been reported in association with thrombosis. It has also been reported that PZ increases during pregnancy and that its partial deficiency is related to early pregnancy loss or recurrent miscarriage (RM). However, until now there has been no report on ZPI in pregnancy. To explore the possible role(s) of ZPI in the maintenance of pregnancy, we studied 42 non-pregnant normal women, 32 women with normal pregnancies, and 134 cases of unexplained RM in Japan, as well as 64 non-pregnant normal German females. Plasma ZPI was measured by in-house ELISA. There were significantly higher concentrations of plasma ZPI in normal pregnancies compared to non-pregnant women. The present study also confirmed that both factor X, the major target of ZPI, and protein Z increased during normal pregnancies. This increased ZPI and PZ may counteract the increased activated factor X, which may in turn contribute to the maintenance of normal placental circulation. Plasma ZPI levels were unchanged in non-pregnant RM women, while the plasma PZ level was slightly reduced, a finding consistent with existing reports. The exact relationship between RM and this unaltered ZPI with mild PZ reduction relative to normal pregnancies warrants further investigation.This work was presented at the 23rd International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis meetings in Kyoto, July 2011.
Middle Indo-Aryan Ablative and Locative Markers in Romani
Authors: Beníšek Michael 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe paper inquires into the origin of Romani ablative and locative markers against the background of the Middle Indo-Aryan development. It shows that there are no overt reflexes of the old thematic locative ending -e in Romani, although several zero-marked adpositions and adverbs are reflexes of the forms in -e. The paper argues for the origin of Romani -e in the late MIA locative -ahim, and of Romani -al in the Śaurasenī ablative -ādo. A degree of adverbial productivity of both suffixes is also dealt with. Then the paper analyses the nominal locative and ablative markers -te and -tar respectively, which derive from postpositions. The initial consonant of both suffixes is proposed to reflect their common ancestor in the pronominal base t-, whereas the final segments -e and -ar are argued to be remnants of inflectional affixes related to -e and -al respectively.
Review Article: Vasubandhu's Pañcaskandhaka
Authors: Buescher Hartmut 
Published: January 2012

AbstractAn introductory appreciation of Ernst Steinkellner and Xuezhu Li's edition of Vasubandhu's Pañcaskandhaka is followed by reflections on the significance of his text in the context of Vasubandhu's authorship and by a translation of the PSk.
The Avestan Paradigm of vaiiu- 'Air, Wind' in the Context of Irregular Accusative Singular Forms of Vowel Stems with °ąm and °∂m
Authors: Remmer Ulla 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe paradigm of Avestan vaiiu- 'atmosphere, wind' is puzzling because of the seemingly thematic accusative sg. vaēm and because of its short root vowel a that stands in contrast to both the Old Indic counterpart vāayú- < Indo-Iranian *HuaH-iu- and the two parallel Avestan stems pāaiiu- 'shepherd' and tāaiiu- 'thief'. A usually neglected accusative singular form, transmitted only in Ny 1.1 and Ny 1.2, provides a key to the issue: vaiiąm, rather than being an irregular by-form of vāēm, appears to be the original acc. sg., which implies that vaiiu- was originally a long-diphthong inflecting paradigm with Proto-Avestan nom. sg. *uāiāuš, acc. sg. *uāiā(u)m via lex Stang → *uāiām. This preform provides a better context for the shortening of *āia/ā, > *aia/ā, yielding the final root shape of vaiiu-.