bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Percolation effects in the checkerboard Babinet series of metamaterial structures
Authors: Kempa K. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe proposed checkerboard Babinet series consists of pairs of Babinet complementary metamaterial structures, with the checkerboard pattern being the self‐complementary structure. In this work, formulas are derived for the effective dielectric function and transmittance of all structures in the series, and it is shown that the evolution of the structures from holes to islands is a topological analog of the percolation problem, and that the highly singular checkerboard pattern represents the percolation threshold. The results are in agreement with the percolation theory of Bergman and Imry. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Solvent effects in Spectroscopy and Reactivity of Molecular Liquids: Contributions from Sylvio Canuto
Authors: Ribeiro André A. S. T. , de Alencastro Ricardo B. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractSylvio Canuto obtained his PhD in 1979 at the University of Uppsala (Sweden). His scientific contributions include about 180 well‐cited articles. He is presently a fulltime Professor at the Institute of Physics of the Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. He was a member of the Editorial Board of Chemical Physics Letters for two terms and is presently serving on the Editorial Board of the International Journal of Quantum Chemistry, (since 2001), Journal of Computational Methods in Science and Engineering (since 2006), Specialist Editor of Computer Physics Communications (1987–1989, 2002–2007), and of Research Letters in Physical Chemistry (from 2007). He is a member of the Scientific Advisory Board of the Journal of the Argentine Chemical Society and was an Associate Editor of the Brazilian Journal of Physics for 10 years. His scientific interests lie in Many Bodies Theory, in Computer Simulations and Molecular Modeling, specially Solvent Effects in Spectroscopy and the Reactivity of Molecular Liquids. This short communication is a brief account of his contribution to this latter field, and as such it is necessarily limited in scope and somewhat arbitrary in the choice of the articles here discussed. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2010
Optimal Moving Windows for Real‐Time Road Image Processing
Authors: Choi Sung Yug , Jin Tae Seok , Lee Jang Myung 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIn this paper, a “moving window” scheme for detecting lanes and obstacles from the images captured by a CCD camera in an automobile is proposed. Processing the input dynamic images in real time requires high performance hardware as well as efficient software. In order to relieve these requirements for detecting lanes and obstacles from the images in real time, a “moving window” scheme is proposed. The size of the moving window is optimally determined based upon road and automobile conditions to be big enough to detect the lanes and obstacles and to be small enough to process the detection procedure in real time. For each image frame, the “moving window” is newly defined and it is moved in a certain direction that is predicted by the Kalman filtering technique. By detecting the left and right lane marks of the driving lane, it becomes possible to search the obstacles within the lane. The obstacle can be verified through the correlation between the stochastic characteristics of the suspected obstacle and the actual obstacle in a database. The feasibility of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated through the simulated experiments of freeway driving. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Scheme for Collision Avoidance with Minimum Distance Traveling for Industrial Robots
Authors: Luh J. Y. S. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractManeuvering an industrial robot to avoid a collision with obstacles in real time involves not only the fast obstacle detection and descripton, but also fast decision making. The problem is complicated since no a priori knowledge about obstacles is assumed. In addition, they may appear in the robot's path unexpectedly. To detect and describe the three‐dimensional obstacles, stereo cameras are used to collect environmental images. Through the top view of the workspace, the cameras furnish the silhouette as well as heights of obstacles. To speed up the image processing, the pixel array is grouped into patches and the maximum height of each patch is determined. TO simplify the obstacle description in the computer, a “pillar” model of the bounding polyhedra is constructed. Fast decision making is accomplished by structuring a finite number of possible collision avoidance paths. Path feasibility is determined at the “module aisle” level while optimization is performed at the subpath level so that the magnitude of processing effort is reduced from the order of 6 to 3 × 6.
Offstream movements of fish during drought in a regulated lowland river
Authors: Conallin A. J. , Hillyard K. A. , Walker K. F. , Gillanders B. M. , Smith B. B. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAccess to offstream habitats is vital for many freshwater fish, but details of their lateral movements are scarce. We describe the movements of fish between the channel of the River Murray and six perennially inundated wetlands in South Australia from August to November 2006. At this time there were unprecedented low flows in the river owing to the combined effects of river regulation, drought and over‐allocation to upstream users. Some 210 000 fish from 18 species (14 native, 4 alien) were recorded, including two uncommon native species listed by conservation agencies. Movements of juveniles and adults varied among wetlands despite the shared river reach and the proximity of the wetlands to each other, but showed no consistent directionality. This may reflect the prevailing low‐flow conditions, the virtually permanent connections between the wetlands and channel maintained by weirs, levees and barrages, and the dominance of ‘generalist’ species. We speculate that movements facilitate efficient resource utilization and nutrient exchange between homogenized river and wetland habitats in the absence of the flood‐pulse. We anticipate directional movements will become apparent when flows are increased, so that our data could provide a comparative baseline for future studies. As modifications to natural flow paths may impede access to/from wetlands by fish and other aquatic fauna, provisions for access should be incorporated into flow‐control structures, used locally to manipulate wetland hydrology. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Skew‐normal Bayesian nonlinear mixed‐effects models with application to AIDS studies
Authors: Huang Yangxin , Dagne Getachew 
Published: July 2010

AbstractStudies of HIV dynamics in AIDS research are very important in understanding the pathogenesis of HIV‐1 infection and also in assessing the effectiveness of antiviral therapies. Nonlinear mixed‐effects (NLME) models have been used for modeling between‐subject and within‐subject variations in viral load measurements. Mostly, normality of both within‐subject random error and random‐effects is a routine assumption for NLME models, but it may be unrealistic, obscuring important features of between‐subject and within‐subject variations, particularly, if the data exhibit skewness. In this paper, we develop a Bayesian approach to NLME models and relax the normality assumption by considering both model random errors and random‐effects to have a multivariate skew‐normal distribution. The proposed model provides flexibility in capturing a broad range of non‐normal behavior and includes normality as a special case. We use a real data set from an AIDS study to illustrate the proposed approach by comparing various candidate models. We find that the model with skew‐normality provides better fit to the observed data and the corresponding estimates of parameters are significantly different from those based on the model with normality when skewness is present in the data. These findings suggest that it is very important to assume a model with skew‐normal distribution in order to achieve robust and reliable results, in particular, when the data exhibit skewness. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Semiconductor‐Nanocrystals‐Based White Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Dai Quanqin , Duty Chad E. , Hu Michael Z. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIn response to the demands for energy and the concerns of global warming and climate change, energy efficient and environmentally friendly solid‐state lighting, such as white light‐emitting diodes (WLEDs), is considered to be the most promising and suitable light source. Because of their small size, high efficiency, and long lifetime, WLEDs based on colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals (or quantum dots) are emerging as a completely new technology platform for the development of flat‐panel displays and solid‐state lighting, exhibiting the potential to replace the conventionally used incandescent and fluorescent lamps. This replacement can cut the ever‐increasing level of energy consumption, solve the problem of rapidly depleting fossil fuel reserves, and improve the quality of the global environment. In this review, the recent progress in semiconductor‐nanocrystals‐based WLEDs is highlighted, the different approaches for generating white light are compared, and the benefits and challenges of the solid‐state lighting technology are discussed.
GraphSET, a tool for simultaneous graph drawing
Authors: Estrella‐Balderrama A. , Fowler J. J. , Kobourov S. G. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractProblems in simultaneous graph drawing involve the layout of several graphs on a shared vertex set. This paper describes a Graph Simultaneous Embedding Tool, GraphSET, designed to allow the investigation of a wide range of graph embedding problems. GraphSET can be used in the study of several variants of simultaneous embedding including simultaneous geometric embedding, simultaneous embedding with fixed edges, and colored simultaneous embedding with the vertex set partitioned into color classes. The tool has three primary uses: (i) studying theoretical problems in simultaneous graph drawing through the production of examples and counterexamples, (ii) producing layouts of given classes of graphs using built‐in implementations of known algorithms, and (iii) providing a platform for development and implementation of new algorithms and data structures for all variants of simultaneous graph embedding. We also describe the design decisions involved in the construction of GraphSET in terms of the requirements dictated by its applications. GraphSET along with movies illustrating its utility are available at http://graphset.cs.arizona.edu. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fine‐grained management of software artefacts: the ADAMS system
Authors: De Lucia Andrea , Fasano Fausto , Oliveto Rocco , Tortora Genoveffa 
Published: July 2010

AbstractWe present ADvanced Artefact Management System (ADAMS), a web‐based system that integrates project management features, such as work‐breakdown structure definition, resource allocation, and schedule management as well as artefact management features, such as artefact versioning, traceability management, and artefact quality management. In this article we focus on the fine‐grained artefact management approach adopted in ADAMS, which is a valuable support to high‐level documentation and traceability management. In particular, the traceability layer in ADAMS is used to propagate events concerning changes to an artefact to the dependent artefacts, thus also increasing the context‐awareness in the project. We also present the results of experimenting with the system in software projects developed at the University of Salerno. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ML performance analysis of digital relaying in bi‐directional relay channels
Authors: Özdemir Özgür , Yilmaz Ali Özgür 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe research challenges to enhance the throughput of communication networks revealed the concept of network coding which is based on the idea of coding at packet level. The bi‐directional relay channel in which two user terminals exchange independent information with the help of a relay terminal is among the prominent applications of network coding in wireless cooperative communications. In this paper, maximum likelihood (ML) performance analysis of digital relaying based bi‐directional communication is presented. The three stage communication scenario is considered where the first and second stages are allotted to the transmissions of the users and after demodulation the relay broadcasts the network encoded packet obtained by a bit‐wise XOR operation to the users in the third stage. The average bit error rate of this scheme with ML detection is derived for Rayleigh fading channels under noncoherent BFSK and coherent BPSK signaling. Simulation results are also presented to validate the theoretical analysis. Analytical and simulation results show that digital relaying based three stage bi‐directional communication scheme with ML detection not only outperforms the noncooperative system that involves direct transmissions between user terminals but also prevents the diversity level reduction due to error propagation. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Enhanced video phone services for NGN/IMS
Authors: Fan Gong‐Da , Huang Chao‐Chun , Lin Yi‐Bing , Tang Chung‐Shih , Twu Chin‐Ywu , Wen Yun‐Hui 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA Next Generation Network (NGN) has been developed in Taiwan, where IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) plays an important role to offer IP‐based multimedia services. Such NGN/IMS networks have also been deployed worldwide. However, details of commercial‐grade NGN service implementations are seldom reported in public. In this paper, we show how existing video phone service can be enhanced through Chunghwa Telecom's NGN/IMS. Specifically, we illustrate three examples including Multimedia on Demand (MOD) TV, Multimedia Ringback Tone (MRBT), and Easy Go (EzGo). We also measure the delay times for accessing these services. The measurements indicate that performance for these IMS‐based services is satisfactory. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A screen for deficiencies in GPI‐anchorage of wall glycoproteins in yeast
Authors: Gonzalez Marlyn , Goddard Noel , Hicks Charles , Ovalle Rafael , Rauceo Jason M. , Jue Chong K. , Lipke Peter N. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractMany of the genes and enzymes critical for assembly and biogenesis of yeast cell walls remain unidentified or poorly characterized. Therefore, we designed a high throughput genomic screen for defects in anchoring of GPI‐cell wall proteins (GPI‐CWPs), based on quantification of a secreted GFP‐Sag1p fusion protein. Saccharomyces cerevisiae diploid deletion strains were transformed with a plasmid expressing the fusion protein under a GPD promoter, then GFP fluorescence was determined in culture supernatants after mid‐exponential growth. Variability in the amount of fluorescent marker secreted into the medium was reduced by growth at 18 °C in buffered defined medium in the presence of sorbitol. Secondary screens included immunoblotting for GFP, fluorescence emission spectra, cell surface fluorescence, and cell integrity. Of 167 mutants deleted for genes affecting cell wall biogenesis or structure, eight showed consistent hyper‐secretion of GFP relative to parental strain BY4743: tdh3 (glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase), gda1 (guanosine diphosphatase), gpi13 and mcd4 (both ethanolamine phosphate‐GPI‐transferases), kre5 and kre1 (involved in synthesis of β1,6 glucan), dcw1(implicated in GPI‐CWP cross‐linking to cell wall glucan), and cwp1 (a major cell wall protein). In addition, deletion of a number of genes caused decreased secretion of GFP. These results elucidate specific roles for specific genes in cell wall biogenesis, including differentiating among paralogous genes. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Plasmids for in vivo construction of integrative Candida albicans vectors in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Vieira Neide , Pereira Filipa , Casal Margarida , Brown Alistair J. P. , Paiva Sandra , Johansson Björn 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA general system has been devised for the in vivo construction of Candida albicans integrative vectors in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The system is especially useful for the integration of genes in C. albicans that cannot be propagated in Escherichia coli, possibly because of their toxic effects. The ligation of S. cerevisiae 2 µ sequences to a C. albicans integrative vector permits in vivo maintenance and gap repair cloning within S. cerevisiae. After the vector assembly, it can be purified from S. cerevisiae or amplified by PCR and then used for transformation of C. albicans. The S. cerevisiae 2 µ sequence is completely removed by linearization prior to C. albicans transformation, such that no unwanted DNA is transferred in the final construct. The system was successfully used to clone and reintegrate the C. albicans JEN2 gene, which encodes a membrane protein that is apparently toxic to E. coli. Three popular C. albicans integrative vectors, CIp10, CIp20 and CIp30, are now available in versions that permit gap repair in S. cerevisiae. GenBank Accession Nos CIp10–2 µ (GU550119), CIp20–2 µ (GU550120) and CIp30–2 µ (GU550121). Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
45Sc Solid State NMR Spectroscopy – A Complementary Tool to X‐ray Crystallography for Structure Determination of Intermetallic Compounds
Authors: Eckert Hellmut , Pöttgen Rainer 
Published: July 2010

Abstract45Sc solid state NMR spectroscopy is a useful complementary tool to X‐ray crystallography for structure determination. Recent developments in the field of intermetallic scandium compounds are reviewed. The structural topics concern defect formation, structural disorder, superstructure formation, as well as the detection of multiple scandium sites. To address questions of this kind, high‐resolution 45Sc NMR spectroscopic techniques were established as a new structural tool for the quantification of the local coordination scandium environments and the detailed characterization of their internal NMR interaction parameters. Owing to the moderately sized nuclear electric quadrupole moment of 45Sc, the magic‐angle spinning spectra are affected both by first‐ and second‐order quadrupolar perturbations, which can be analyzed and quantified by fast magic angle spinning, assisted by lineshape simulations. The resolution can be further improved by correlating triple quantum (TQ) with single quantum coherences. Using this 2D NMR spectroscopic methodology, the effects of magnetic shielding and second‐order quadrupolar perturbations on the MAS NMR lineshape can be separated, enabling a more precise experimental characterization of electric field gradients present at the 45Sc nuclei. Structure validation includes the precise measurement of these parameters and comparison with quantum mechanically calculated values based on the atomic positions. In this regard, satisfactory results were obtained using the WIEN2k program.
Synthesis, Characterization, DNA Binding Properties, and Antioxidant Activity of Novel Copper(II) and Zinc(II) Complexes with Bis(pyrrol‐2‐yl‐methylamine) Ligands
Authors: Li Yong , Yang Zheng‐Yin , Wang Yuan 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThree novel ligands H4Ln (n = 1–3) and their copper(II) and zinc(II) complexes were prepared and characterized on the basis of elemental analyses, molar conductivity, 1H NMR, UV/Vis, and IR spectroscopy as well as mass spectrometry. DNA binding properties of the ligands and their complexes were investigated by absorption spectroscopy, ethidium bromide displacement experiments, and viscosity measurements. The experimental results indicate that the new ligands and their complexes can bind to DNA and the binding affinities of the complexes are higher than those of the ligands. In addition, the antioxidant activity of the ligands and complexes was determined by superoxide and hydroxyl radical scavenging methods in vitro, indicating that the complexes exhibit more effective antioxidant activity than the ligands alone.
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of LiZn13
Authors: Fischer Dieter , Jansen Martin 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBy simultaneous deposition of zinc and lithium onto a cooled sapphire substrate, LiZn13 was obtained for the first time. It crystallizes in the NaZn13 structure type (Fmc, a = 1234.92(6) pm, Rp = 5.4 %, Rwp = 6.9 %, structure analysis with the Rietveld‐method). Single‐phase LiZn13 forms from a hexagonal Li0.07Zn0.93 alloy, deposited at –196 °C, during heating up to room temperature. Above room temperature LiZn13 decomposes.
Is Breast Cancer the Same Disease in Asian and Western Countries?
Authors: Leong Stanley P. L. , Shen Zhen‐Zhou , Liu Tse‐Jia , Agarwal Gaurav , Tajima Tomoo , Paik Nam‐Sun , Sandelin Kerstin , Derossis Anna , Cody Hiram , Foulkes William D. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA mini‐symposium was held in Montreal, Canada, at the International Surgical Week for the Breast Surgical International in 2007 addressing the question whether breast cancer is the same disease in Asian and Western countries. Numerous investigators from Asian and Western countries presented the epidemiologic and clinical outcome data of women with breast cancer. Although there are significant similarities, the striking difference is that the peak age for breast cancer is between 40 and 50 years in the Asian countries, whereas the peak age in the Western countries is between 60 and 70 years. Also, the incidence of breast cancer in Asia is rising and is associated with increased mortality. In the West, although the incidence is increasing, the mortality rate is definitely decreasing. Future prospective data collection from Asian and Western countries may provide further interesting epidemiologic and outcome data regarding the outcome of women with breast cancer from Asian and Western countries.BackgroundWhether breast cancer is the same disease in Asian and Western countries was the topic of a 2007 Breast Surgery International symposium at International Surgical Week.MethodsParticipating investigators from China, Taiwan, India, Japan, South Korea, Sweden, Canada, and the United States were asked beforehand to provide data on the epidemiology and treatment outcome of women in their countries.ResultsComparisons of the epidemiologic and clinical outcome data of women with breast cancer showed significant similarities, but the striking difference is that the peak age is between 40 and 50 years in Asian countries, but is between 60 and 70 years in Western countries. The incidence of breast cancer in Asia is rising and is associated with increased mortality. In the West, although the incidence is also increasing, the mortality rate is definitely decreasing.DiscussionFuture prospective data collection from Asian and Western countries may provide further interesting epidemiologic and outcome data regarding the outcome of women with breast cancer from Asian and Western countries.