bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leben unter dem Übervater
Authors: Loos Andreas 
Published: July 2011

AbstractSein Geburtsjahr ist umstritten – die Angaben differieren um bis zu elf Jahre. Sicher ist aber, dass er das Kind eines Professors ist, der in einer niederländischen Kleinstadt mathematische Wissenschaften und anderes lehrt. Falls der späteste Geburtstermin stimmen würde, wäre er obendrein ein Wunderkind: In diesem unwahrscheinlichen Falle hätte er bereits mit neun Jahren (vertretungsweise) Lehrveranstaltungen an der Universität übernommen.
A test of the psychometric properties of the cancer locus of control scale in Greek patients with advanced cancer
Authors: Mystakidou Kyriaki , Tsilika Eleni , Parpa Efi , Panagiotou Irene , Galanos Antonis , Gouliamos Athanasios , Watson Maggie 
Published: July 2011

AbstractObjectiveThe study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the Cancer Locus of Control (CLOC) scale on a Greek sample of advanced cancer patients.MethodsThe scale was translated with the forward–backward procedure to Greek. The CLOC scale was administered to 140 advanced cancer patients. It was administered twice, with a 3‐day interval, to 100 (of the 140) eligible patients with advanced cancer. Together with the CLOC scale, the patients also completed the Greek Mental Adjustment to Cancer (G‐MAC) scale. Confirmatory factor analysis was carried out using the AMOS 7.0 analysis. The reliability was assessed by the internal consistency (Cronbach's α coefficients), test–retest (Spearman's r value) of the instrument, and inter‐item correlations. Construct validity was assessed using the G‐MAC scale, interscale correlations, item–scale correlations, and scales–total correlations.ResultsThe homogeneity of the subscales proved to be satisfactory (α coefficient ranged from 0.713 to 0.786). Overall test–retest reliability was satisfactory at p < 0.0005. Construct validity has shown moderate correlations with G‐MAC p < 0.0005. Interscale and inter‐item correlations were satisfactory at p < 0.05.ConclusionsThe results suggest that the Greek version of CLOC administered in cancer patients treated in a palliative care unit is a reliable and valid clinical instrument. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The escalating threat of Rhizoctonia cerealis, the causal agent of sharp eyespot in wheat
Authors: Hamada Mohamed Sobhy , Yin Yanni , Chen Huaigu , Ma Zhonghua 
Published: July 2011

AbstractRhizoctonia cerealis, the causal agent of sharp eyespot on wheat, was not considered to be an important pathogen for many years. Recently, the disease has become endemic in many countries except for South America. The disease has created a new threat to world wheat production because the damage of wheat sharp eyespot has become increasingly severe. In this paper, previous studies on this pathogen, including the disease geographical distribution, pathogen identification, life cycle, symptoms, favourable environmental conditions, effects on wheat yield and control strategy, are reviewed. Such information will be helpful in management of sharp eyespot. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
EPR evidence of antiferromagnetic ordering in single‐layer graphene
Authors: Augustyniak‐Jabłokow Maria A. , Tadyszak Krzysztof , Maćkowiak Mariusz , Yablokov Yurii V. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWe report electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) evidence of the antiferromagnetic ordering in pristine single‐layer graphene. Temperature dependences of the parameters of EPR spectra obtained for vacuum‐processed samples were studied within the temperature range of 4.2–300 K. Our experiment has confirmed recent theoretical predictions that in single‐layer graphene the carrier‐mediated exchange interaction leads to antiferromagnetic coupling. We note some quantitative discrepancies between the theory and experimental findings and discuss their origins. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Interference with p53 functions in human viral infections, a target for novel antiviral strategies?
Authors: Lazo Pedro A. , Santos Claudio R. 
Published: July 2011

SUMMARYViral infections cause a major stress in host cells. The cellular responses to stress are mediated by p53, which by deregulation of cell cycle and apoptosis, may also be part of the host cell reaction to fight infections. Therefore, during evolutionary viral adaptation to host organisms, viruses have developed strategies to manipulate host cell p53 dependent pathways to facilitate their viral life cycles. Thus, interference with p53 function is an important component in viral pathogenesis. Many viruses have proteins that directly affect p53, whereas others alter the regulation of p53 in an indirect manner, mediated by Hdm2 or Akt, or induction of interferon. Rescue of p53 activity is becoming an area of therapeutic development in oncology. It might be feasible that manipulation of p53 mediated responses can become a therapeutic option to limit viral replication or dissemination. In this report, the mechanisms by which viral proteins manipulate p53 responses are reviewed, and it is proposed that a pharmacological rescue of p53 functions might help to control viral infections. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bemessungshilfen für den Biegedrillknicknachweis gevouteter I‐Profile (Teil II)
Authors: Strohmann Isabel 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBei Rahmentragwerken werden in den hochbeanspruchten Ecken häufig Vouten angeordnet. Die statisch‐konstruktiven Vorteile gevouteter Stäbe können derzeit nur für wenige Sonderfälle effizient genutzt werden, da die für den Tragsicherheitsnachweis erforderlichen Angaben fehlen. Es werden Bemessungshilfen für Bauteile mit und ohne Vouten vorgestellt. Diese beinhalten Bedingungen für die erforderliche Steifigkeit von sekundären Traggliedern, bei deren Einhaltung ein aufwändiger Biegedrillknicknachweis entfallen und somit die Querschnittstragfähigkeit voll ausgenutzt werden kann. Außerdem werden Regeln für das Herauslösen von Ersatzstäben aus dem Gesamtsystem angegeben.Design aids for the lateral torsional buckling analysis of haunched I‐profiles (part II). In the highly stressed corners of frame structures often haunches are realized. Currently, the structural advantages of haunched members can be utilised efficiently for only a few special cases because of the lack of necessary information for the member checks. Design aids for the lateral torsional buckling check of members with and without haunches are presented. These include requirements concerning the stiffness of secondary members that permit to rule out failure due to lateral torsional buckling and to utilise the full resistance of the cross section if complied with. Furthermore, rules for breaking down structures for individual member checks are specified.
Konzentrierte Tangentialkrafteinleitung von Stahl in Beton — Versuche zur Geometrie von Zahnleisten
Authors: Schmid Volker , Tandler Jens 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBrücken‐ und Hochbauten werden aus technischen und wirtschaftlichen Gründen immer häufiger als Mischkonstruktionen aus Stahl und Konstruktionsbeton geplant und realisiert. Häufig müssen in diesen Konstruktionen hohe, konzentrierte Kräften aus Stahlbauteilen in schlanke Betonbauteile eingeleitet werden. Diese Verbindungsproblematik gewinnt durch die zunehmende Verwendung immer festerer Stähle und Betone und der damit einhergehenden Reduktion der Bauteilabmessungen zunehmend an Bedeutung. Als materialgerechte Lösung für die konzentrierte Tangentialkrafteinleitung bieten sich Verbindungen mit Zahnleisten an, die zudem einen hohen Ermüdungswiderstand erwarten lassen. Der Artikel beschreibt die Anwendungsmöglichkeiten von Zahnleisten, erläutert die grundlegenden Tragprinzipien und beschreibt die an der TU Berlin durchgeführten Versuche zur Leistungsfähigkeit der Zahngeometrie.Concentrated shear transfer between steel and concrete — Testing of the saw tooth connector. Due to technical and economical considerations, bridges and buildings are increasingly designed and constructed as hybrid structures made of structural steel and concrete. Frequently, concentrated loads from steel elements have to be transferred into slender concrete elements. The connection aspect becomes even more important as structural steel and concrete of increasingly higher strength with the resulting smaller structural dimensions are used. A connection that is suitable for concentrated shear transfer for these structures is the saw tooth connector. It is expected that this type of connection will have a high fatigue strength as well. The article describes where this connection can be used, explains the underlying structural principles and the structural tests undertaken at the TU Berlin to assess the saw tooth geometry.
Lebensdauerverlängerung von geschweißten Verbindungen aus Rundhohlprofilen
Authors: Weidner Philipp , Herion Stefan , Puthli Ram , Ummenhofer Thomas 
Published: July 2011

AbstractIm Rahmen des Forschungsprogramms CIDECT 7Y‐PWT wurde die Anwendbarkeit höherfrequenter Hämmerverfahren auf geschweißten Verbindungen von Rundhohlprofilen untersucht. Die Untersuchungen wurden an der Versuchsanstalt für Stahl, Holz und Steine (VA) des Karlsruher Instituts für Technologie (KIT) durchgeführt. Hierzu wurden Ermüdungsversuche an X‐Knoten sowie versuchsbegleitende numerische Analysen durchgeführt. Die Versuchsergebnisse zeigen, dass die Lebensdauer der untersuchten geschweißten Hohlprofilverbindungen durch eine Schweißnahtnachbehandlung mit höherfrequenten Hämmerverfahren erheblich gesteigert werden kann. Verglichen mit dem CIDECT Design Guide 8 konnte die Ermüdungsfestigkeit um 70 bis 90 % gesteigert werden.Extension of the fatigue life of welded joints made of circular hollow sections. To investigate the applicability of high frequency hammer peening methods on hollow section joints, experimental investigations as well as numerical investigations are required. Within the research programme CIDECT 7Y‐PWT, numerical investigations are carried out at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT). Fatigue tests are performed on CHS‐X‐joints with and without high frequency hammer peening (HFHP) Test results show a significant fatigue life extension for CHS‐X‐joints. Compared to the CIDECT Design Guide 8, fatigue strength is increased by 70 to 90 %.
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery in Zambia: Epidemiology of 16 Years of Practice
Authors: Jovic Goran , Scott Corlew D. , Bowman Kendra G. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe epidemiology of surgical conditions in developing countries is not well studied, but plastic and reconstructive surgery can play a significant role in meeting the need for surgical care. Knowledge of the conditions treated by a plastic surgeon in a low‐income country would inform the development of surgical services.MethodsThe surgical log of the lead author from 1993 to 2008 was reviewed. The cases were performed in 33 surgical facilities in Zambia, and name, gender, age, diagnosis, procedure, and hospital were prospectively recorded. Data were analyzed for the number and distribution of cases and for patterns related to age and gender.ResultsBetween 1993 and 2008, 5,740 operations were performed, and complete data were available for 5,735 (99.9%) patients. There were 5,774 surgical diagnoses. Of these, 3,885 (67.2%) were acquired conditions. These included 1,985 (34.3%) burns, 514 (9.0%) keloids, 448 (7.8%) nonburn traumas, 410 (7.1%) deep tissue infections, and 343 (5.9%) tumors. The 1,889 (32.7%) congenital conditions included 1,322 (22.9%) craniofacial defects and 354 (6.1%) limb defects. Children accounted for 78.2% of burns. Trauma cases were predominantly male (273, 60.9%). Congenital conditions were repaired after 5 years of age in 355 (18.8%) cases.ConclusionBased on a 16‐year case log from one developing country, more than half of conditions related to plastic surgery comprised injuries and congenital anomalies. Age‐ and gender‐related patterns were evident. These findings may inform the provision of resources for injury prevention, surgical training, and delivery of surgical services.
Pseudoxanthomonas bacteria that drive deposit formation of wood extractives can be flocculated by cationic polyelectrolytes
Authors: Leino Taina , Raulio Mari , Stenius Per , Laine Janne , Salkinoja-Salonen Mirja 
Published: July 2011

Abstract
Runnability problems caused by suspended bacteria in water using industries, have, in contrast to biofilms, received little attention. We describe here that Pseudoxanthomonas taiwanensis, a wide-spread and abundant bacterium in paper machine water circuits, aggregated dispersions of wood extractives ("pitch") and resin acid, under conditions prevailing in machine water circuits (109 cfu ml−1, pH 8, 45°C). The aggregates were large enough (up to 50 μm) so that they could be expected to clog wires and felts and to reduce dewatering of the fiber web. The Pseudoxanthomonas bacteria were negatively charged over a pH range of 3.2–10. Cationic polyelectrolytes of the types used as retention aids or fixatives to flocculate "anionic trash" in paper machines were effective in flocculating the Pseudoxanthomonas bacteria. The polyelectrolyte most effective for this purpose was of high molecular weight (7–8 × 106 g mol−1) and low charge density (1 meq g−1), whereas polyelectrolytes that effectively zeroed the electrophoretic mobility (i.e., neutralized the negative charge) of the bacterium were less effective in flocculating the bacteria. Based on the results, we concluded that the polyelectrolytes functioning by bridging mechanism, rather than by neutralization of the negative charge, may be useful as tools for reducing harmful deposits resulting from interaction of bacteria with wood extractives in warm water industry.
Poly(β-L-malic acid) production by diverse phylogenetic clades of Aureobasidium pullulans
Authors: Manitchotpisit Pennapa , Skory Christopher D , Peterson Stephen W , Price Neil P J , Vermillion Karl E , Leathers Timothy D 
Published: July 2011

Abstract
Poly(β-L-malic acid) (PMA) is a natural biopolyester that has pharmaceutical applications and other potential uses. In this study, we examined PMA production by 56 strains of the fungus Aureobasidium pullulans representing genetically diverse phylogenetic clades. Thirty-six strains were isolated from various locations in Iceland and Thailand. All strains from Iceland belonged to a newly recognized clade 13, while strains from Thailand were distributed among 8 other clades, including a novel clade 14. Thirty of these isolates, along with 26 previously described strains, were examined for PMA production in medium containing 5% glucose. Most strains produced at least 4 g PMA/L, and several strains in clades 9, 11, and 13 made 9–11 g PMA/L. Strains also produced both pullulan and heavy oil, but PMA isolated by differential precipitation in ethanol exhibited up to 72% purity with no more than 12% contamination by pullulan. The molecular weight of PMA from A. pullulans ranged from 5.1 to 7.9 kDa. Results indicate that certain genetic groups of A. pullulans are promising for the production of PMA.
Enzymatic production of 2-amino-2,3-dimethylbutyramide by cyanide-resistant nitrile hydratase
Authors: Lin Zhi-Jian , Zheng Ren-Chao , Wang Ya-Jun , Zheng Yu-Guo , Shen Yin-Chu 
Published: July 2011

Abstract
A novel enzymatic route for the synthesis of 2-amino-2,3-dimethylbutyramide (ADBA), important intermediate of highly potent and broad-spectrum imidazolinone herbicides, from 2-amino-2,3-dimethylbutyronitrile (ADBN) was developed. Strain Rhodococcus boritolerans CCTCC M 208108 harboring nitrile hydratase (NHase) towards ADBN was screened through a sophisticated colorimetric screening method and was found to be resistant to cyanide (5 mM). Resting cells of R. boritolerans CCTCC M 208108 also proved to be tolerant against high product concentration (40 g l−1) and alkaline pH (pH 9.3). A preparative scale process for continuous production of ADBA in both aqueous and biphasic systems was developed and some key parameters of the biocatalytic process were optimized. Inhibition of NHase by cyanide dissociated from ADBN was successfully overcome by temperature control (at 10°C). The product concentration, yield and catalyst productivity were further improved to 50 g l−1, 91% and 6.3 g product/g catalyst using a 30/70 (v/v) n-hexane/water biphasic system. Furthermore, cells of R. boritolerans CCTCC M 208108 could be reused for at lease twice by stopping the continuous reaction before cyanide concentration rose to 2 mM, with the catalyst productivity increasing to 12.3 g product/g catalyst. These results demonstrated that enzymatic synthesis of ADBA using whole cells of R. boritolerans CCTCC M 208108 showed potential for industrial application.
Fast Track THR: One Hospital's Experience with a 2-Day Length of Stay Protocol for Total Hip Replacement
Authors: Gulotta Lawrence V. , Padgett Douglas E. , Sculco Thomas P. , Urban Michael , Lyman Stephen , Nestor Bryan J. 
Published: July 2011

Background Current trends in total joint replacement have focused on shorter hospital stays. Purpose This study aimed to determine if a pathway for total hip replacement (THR) with the goal of a 2-day discharge (fast track) is safe and effective compared to our traditional pathway (control). Methods One hundred forty-nine patients undergoing unilateral, uncomplicated, THR were enrolled in an accelerated postoperative pathway and 134 were enrolled in the traditional pathway. Patients were followed prospectively and outcomes included hospital length of stay, intra- and postoperative complications, readmissions, reoperations. A statistical model was created to determine factors predictive of a 2-day discharge. Results At 1 year, there were no differences in complications, readmissions, or reoperations. The average length of stay decreased from 4.1 to 2.6 days ( p < 0.0001). In the fast track group, 58% of patients were discharged home within 2 days. Barriers to a 2-day discharge were postoperative pain, nausea, and dizziness. The only preoperative factor that was predictive of a 2-day discharge was hypertension. Conclusions In a select group of patients, a protocol that allows for a 2-day discharge following THR is safe and effective.
Modified Brunelli Pull-Out Technique in Flexor Tendon Repair for Zone II: A Study on 58 Cases
Authors: Georgescu Alexandru Valentin , Matei Ileana R. , Capota Irina M. , Ardelean Filip , Olariu Octavian D. 
Published: July 2011

Background The reconstruction of the continuity of flexor tendons disruptions in zone II still remains one of the most challenging problems in hand surgery. The ideal repair has to provide sufficient strength and the possibility of early mobilization in the attempt to obtain a functional range of motion. One of the methods which appears to respond to these requests is the pull-out technique described by Brunelli, which moves the tension from the level of the tendon disruption to the finger pulp over the tendon insertion. Methods After using this method, but by doing some modifications of the original technique, our aim was to conduct a retrospective study looking at gap formation, suture strength, rupture rate, efficiency of the two-strand suture repair and of the early active mobilization against resistance in obtaining a good range of flexion rate. We reviewed a series of 71 flexor digitorum profundus disruptions in zone II, in 58 patients admitted in our service between 2000 and 2008, and treated with this method. Results We achieved a complete range of flexion in 41 fingers (57.7%) and a flexion deficit of 5-10° in eight fingers (11.3%) and of 10-20° in 22 fingers (31%). We had no ruptures, major strength deficit, or bowstringing. Conclusions Our study demonstrates that, by moving the tension from the level of disruption to the finger pulp, the rehabilitation program can begin very early post surgery. We had 0% ruptures.
Transverse Anatomic Landmarks for the A1 Pulley of the Thumb
Authors: Hazani Ron , Elston Josh , Wilhelmi Bradon J. 
Published: July 2011

Background Triggering of the thumb is a common entity resulting in pain and disability. Operative management requires accurate knowledge of the pulley system for proper release of the A1 pulley. The purpose of this study was to predict the location of the A1 pulley with surface anatomic landmarks while avoiding injury to the neurovascular bundles and the critical oblique pulley. Methods Thirteen fresh cadaveric thumbs were dissected while the volar digital creases of the thumb served as our potential anatomic landmarks for the A1 pulley. These included the distal crease and the two identifiable proximal creases. Measurements from the proximal edge of the A1 pulley to the surface landmarks were obtained. The pulley system was also inspected for variability, and the length of the A1 pulley was measured. Results Of the three volar creases in the thumb, the proximal–proximal crease (PPC) corresponded anatomically to the A1 pulley and demonstrated minimal variability compared to the other landmarks. It measured 0.10±0.15 cm distal to the proximal edge of the A1 pulley. The average length of the thumb A1 pulley measured 0.61±0.17 cm. Therefore, the distal edge of the A1 pulley is predicted to be located 0.51 cm distal to the PPC. Conclusions Hand surface landmarks can be used reliably to predict the location of the thumb A1 pulley, thus avoiding injury to adjacent structures such as the critical oblique pulley.
Green Production of Anionic Surfactant Obtained from Pea Protein
Authors: Rondel Caroline , Portet Bénédicte , Alric Isabelle , Mouloungui Zéphirin , Blanco Jean‐François , Silvestre Françoise 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA pea protein isolate was hydrolyzed by a double enzyme treatment method in order to obtain short peptide sequences used as raw materials to produce lipopeptides‐based surfactants. Pea protein hydrolysates were prepared using the combination of Alcalase and Flavourzyme. The influence of the process variables was studied to optimize the proteolytic degradation to high degrees of hydrolysis. The average peptide chain lengths were obtained at 3–5 amino acid units after a hydrolysis of 30 min with the mixture of enzymes. Then, N‐acylation in water, in presence of acid chloride (C12 and C16), carried out with a conversion rate of amine functions of 90%, allowed to obtain anionic surfactant mixtures (lipopeptides and sodium fatty acids). These two steps were performed in water, in continuous and did not generate any waste. This process was therefore in line with green chemistry principles. The surface activities (CMC, foaming and emulsifying properties) of these mixtures were also studied. These formulations obtained from natural renewable resources and the reactions done under environmental respect, could replace petrochemical based surfactants for some applications,.
Using Nurse‐to‐Patient Telephone Calls to Reduce Day‐of‐Surgery Cancellations
Authors: Haufler Kimberly , Harrington Mary 
Published: July 2011

AbstractDay‐of‐surgery cancellations are costly and frustrating for both the patient and the health care team. This is especially true in ambulatory surgical centers where it can be difficult to schedule a replacement procedure on short notice. Preoperative nurses at the University of North Carolina Health Care ambulatory surgical center were able to decrease the daily cancellation rate by 53%, increase patient satisfaction scores, and increase OR use by targeting three main reasons for cancellations during a preoperative telephone call. A nurse calls each patient three business days before the scheduled surgery and uses a script to communicate important preoperative information and to address any questions or concerns. The nurse then reports any new information or concerns he or she has learned from the telephone call to the scheduling clinic, anesthesia team, or the surgeon. These calls have resulted in major decreases in cancellations related to no shows, NPO requirements, and lack of a responsible adult present to drive the patient home.