bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fat and proteolysis due to methionine, tryptophan, and niacin deficiency leads to alterations in gut microbiota and immune modulation in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Hara Tomoaki , Meng Sikun , Motooka Daisuke , Sato Hiromichi , Arao Yasuko , Tsuji Yoshiko , Yabumoto Takeshi , Doki Yuichiro , Eguchi Hidetoshi , Uchida Shizuka , Ishii Hideshi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is one of the intractable diseases. Nutritional components associated with IBD have been identified, and it is known that excessive methionine intake exacerbates inflammation, and that tryptophan metabolism is involved in inflammation. Analysis of the gut microbiota has also progressed, where Lactobacillus regulate immune cells in the intestine and suppress inflammation. However, whether the methionine and tryptophan metabolic pathways affect the growth of intestinal Lactobacillus is unknown. Here we show how transient methionine, tryptophan, and niacin deficiency affects the host and gut microbiota in mouse models of colitis (induced by dextran sodium sulfate) fed a methionine‐deficient diet (1K), tryptophan and niacin‐deficient diet (2K), or methionine, tryptophan, and niacin‐deficient diet (3K). These diets induced body weight decrease and 16S rRNA analysis of mouse feces revealed the alterations in the gut microbiota, leading to a dramatic increase in the proportion of Lactobacillus in mice. Intestinal RNA sequencing data confirmed that the expression of several serine proteases and fat‐metabolizing enzymes were elevated in mice fed with methionine, tryptophan, and niacin (MTN) deficient diet. In addition, one‐carbon metabolism and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor (PPAR) pathway activation were also induced with MTN deficiency. Furthermore, changes in the expression of various immune‐related cytokines were observed. These results indicate that methionine, tryptophan, and niacin metabolisms are important for the composition of intestinal bacteria and host immunity. Taken together, MTN deficiencies may serve as a Great Reset of gut microbiota and host gene expression to return to good health.
Incentivizing dental services in healthy behaviour Medicaid waivers
Authors: Semprini Jason 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveIn the United States, adult dental benefits are optional in the state‐managed, public insurance program, Medicaid. States also have the option to adapt their Medicaid program via waivers which pair healthy behaviour incentives (HBI) with cost‐sharing. These waivers have proven ineffective, but the empirical evidence has ignored differences between states. This study aims to evaluate the impact of four state's HBI Medicaid waiver on dental visits among low‐income adult population subject to incentives and cost‐sharing requirements by the HBI waiver.MethodsAnalysing biannual data from the Behavioural Risk Factor Surveillance System's Oral Health module (2008–2018) with a Difference‐in‐Differences design, this study estimated the effect of a Healthy Behaviour Incentive waiver on the probability of visiting the dentist in the past year. The three states that implemented an HBI Waiver (Indiana, Michigan and Wisconsin) were analysed separately. Secondary outcomes included being uninsured and having all teeth extracted. Matrix Completion methods accounted for dynamic treatment and tested for non‐common trends. Inference was based on randomization inference tests.ResultsOnly in Michigan was an HBI waiver consistently associated with a significant increase in the probability of a dental visit (Est. = 5.6%‐points, p = .01). There was little convincing evidence that HBI waivers were associated with being uninsured or having all teeth extracted.ConclusionsBetween 2010 and 2019, many states have implemented an HBI waiver, each with a different approach to incentivizing dental visits. These implementation differences may explain the heterogeneous effects by state. More work is needed to evaluate how Medicaid waivers impact health outcomes in low‐income populations.
How well do parents identify their child's baby teeth? Engagement and accuracy of parent‐reported information on a tooth checklist survey
Authors: Le Luyer Mona , Boll Molly E. , Lemmers Simone A. M. , Stoll Samantha J. , Hoffnagle Alison G. , Smith Andrew D. A. C. , Dunn Erin C. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivesNaturally exfoliated primary teeth are being increasingly collected in child development studies. Most of these odontological collections and tooth biobanks use parent‐reported information from questionnaires or tooth checklists to collect data on offspring teeth. To the best of the authors' knowledge, no studies have assessed parental engagement in tooth checklists, nor parental accuracy in identifying their child's baby tooth. This study aimed to evaluate these dimensions by analysing data from the about this tooth checklist returned with donated primary teeth in a natural experimental study called STRONG (the Stories Teeth Record of Newborn Growth).MethodsParental self‐reported information were analysed on checklists returned with 825 primary teeth belonging to 199 children. The percentage of blank answers was calculated for each question. The accuracy of parents‐reported tooth identification was evaluated by comparing parental ratings to researchers' ratings. Reliability of researchers' tooth identification was first evaluated by calculating intra‐observer and inter‐observer agreements, as well as Cohen's Kappa values. The percentage of accuracy of parents' tooth identification (relative to researcher's) was then calculated, and logistic regressions were used to evaluate if time elapsed between when exfoliation occurred and the checklist was completed associated with parental accuracy in tooth identification.ResultsParents returned 98.4% of the checklists and completed 74.9% to 97.7% of the questions. Excellent reliability was demonstrated for researchers' intra‐ and inter‐rater tooth identification (agreement percentages >90%; Cohen's Kappa values >.83). Moderate accuracy of parents‐reported tooth identifications was found, with parents correctly identifying 49.5% of the donated tooth. Better parental accuracies were highlighted for partial identifications (87.1% of correct jaw, 75.6% of correct tooth type, and 65.8% of correct lateralization). Logistic regressions showed the odds of correct parental identifications decreased on average by 1.8% every 30 days of distance between tooth exfoliation and checklist completion.ConclusionsWhile parental engagement is high, parents‐reported tooth identifications have moderate accuracy, which decreases over time. High accuracy is however found for partial identifications. Parent‐reported information on the accompanying questionnaire of naturally exfoliated primary teeth collection or tooth biobanks, even when filled in a long time after exfoliation took place, should be encouraged. However, expert identifications of teeth should remain best practice.
Biodiversity conservation, human–animal interactions, and zootherapy in ecological knowledge of Indonesian Healers
Authors: Patrick Patricia G. , Singkam Abdul Rahman 
Published: April 2024

We examined the entanglement of biodiversity conservation, human–animal interactions, zootherapy, and local beliefs among Sumatran Healers and their local community by completing an ethnography of 43 Indigenous Healers across 8 tribes in Bengkulu Province, Sumatra, Indonesia. Data collection tools were interviews, observations, videos, photographs, and a researcher journal. Of the 43 Healers, 30 used animals and mentioned 62 species. Of the animals identified, the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List lists 34% (n = 21) as endangered, decreasing, or vulnerable, including Sumatran tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae), Sumatran elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus), and Sumatran rhinoceros (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis). Of the 30 Healers using animals, 50% (n = 15) practiced healing with at least one endangered, decreasing, or vulnerable animal. We defined 3 personas: Healer self‐persona, Healer‐imposed persona, and community‐imposed persona. A persona represented a group's opinions and sentiments related to Healers killing animals for medicinal purposes. Using an iterative data analysis process, we grouped the data across the 3 personas into 5 themes: ease of killing and preparing animals, emotions related to killing animals, animal value, relationship to religion, and Healers are tricksters. The complexity of merging the identities of Healers and the community within an actor‐network embodies the relationality of actions, interactions, and feelings among Healers, between Healers and animals, and between Healers and the community. Conservationists should be cognizant of Healers’ medicinal use of animals, views of human–animal interactions, and zootherapy from all social and emotional perspectives. The data led to defining Indigenous Healer ecological knowledge components of zootherapy, human–animal interactions, and biodiversity conservation.
Dose‐response analysis between alcohol consumption and psoriasis: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Choi Jeeyu , Han Ikjoon , Min Joohong , Yun Jisang , Kim Byung‐Soo , Shin Kihyuk , Kim Kihun , Kim Yun Hak 
Published: April 2024

SummaryThe association between psoriasis and alcohol consumption has been inconsistent across various studies. However, to the best of our knowledge, no dose‐response meta‐analysis has been performed to date. This study aims to investigate the association between alcohol consumption and psoriasis. The search was performed on July 27, 2021, using Embase and MEDLINE. The restricted cubic spline analysis was used to perform a dose‐response analysis. We identified 3,904 studies, of which 48 studies with 1,702,847 individuals across 24 countries were included. Alcohol consumption was positively associated with psoriasis (odds ratio [OR], 1.47; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.27‐1.70). In addition, a significantly increased OR for psoriasis was observed in males (OR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.13–3.01) but not in females (OR, 1.22; 95% CI, 0.97–1.54). Based on eight studies, including three cohort and five case‐control studies, the analysis revealed that with each additional gram of daily alcohol intake, the OR for psoriasis increased by 4%. We found a positive association between alcohol consumption and psoriasis. The association is more prominent in the group drinking more than 45 g of alcohol per day (3.2 alcoholic drink equivalent).
S1‐Guideline Sebaceous Carcinoma
Authors: Utikal Jochen , Nagel Pia , Müller Verena , Becker Jürgen C. , Dippel Edgar , Frisman Alexander , Gschnell Martin , Griewank Klaus , Hadaschik Eva , Helbig Doris , Hillen Uwe , Leiter Ulrike , Pföhler Claudia , Krönig Lisa , Ziemer Mirjana , Ugurel Selma 
Published: April 2024

SummarySebaceous gland carcinomas are rare malignant cutaneous adnexal tumors with sebocytic differentiation. The typical predilection area is the head and neck region, where sebaceous gland carcinomas are the most common malignant adnexal tumors of the skin. According to their localization a distinction is made between periocular and extraocular sebaceous gland carcinomas. Muir‐Torre syndrome (MTS) should always be ruled out if it is suspected.In terms of prognosis, sebaceous gland carcinomas are potentially aggressive tumors with a clear tendency to recur and metastasize. Only small extraocular sebaceous gland carcinomas that have been completely resected have a very good prognosis. Sebaceous gland carcinomas most frequently metastasize lymphogenously to regional or distant lymph nodes; organ metastasis occurs less frequently. Periocular sebaceous gland carcinomas have a higher metastasis rate (up to 15%) than extraocular sebaceous gland carcinomas (up to 2%).Complete micrographically controlled surgery (MCS) of the primary tumor is the therapy of first choice, regardless of periocular or extraocular localization. Adjuvant or therapeutic radiotherapy may be considered. There is currently no established standard therapy for advanced, inoperable, or metastatic sebaceous gland carcinomas. Local procedures and systemic therapies such as chemotherapy or immunotherapy can be considered. The procedure should be determined individually by an interdisciplinary tumor board. Close follow‐up care is recommended for these potentially aggressive carcinomas.
Landscape simplification leads to loss of plant–pollinator interaction diversity and flower visitation frequency despite buffering by abundant generalist pollinators
Authors: Maurer Corina , Martínez‐Núñez Carlos , Dominik Christophe , Heuschele Jonna , Liu Yicong , Neumann Peter , Paxton Robert J. , Pellissier Loïc , Proesmans Willem , Schweiger Oliver , Szentgyörgyi Hajnalka , Vanbergen Adam , Albrecht Matthias 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimGlobal change, especially landscape simplification, is a main driver of species loss that can alter ecological interaction networks, with potentially severe consequences to ecosystem functions. Therefore, understanding how landscape simplification affects the rate of loss of plant–pollinator interaction diversity (i.e., number of unique interactions) compared to species diversity alone, and the role of persisting abundant pollinators, is key to assess the consequences of landscape simplification on network stability and pollination services.LocationFrance, Germany, and Switzerland.MethodsWe analysed 24 landscape‐scale plant–pollinator networks from standardised transect walks along landscape simplification gradients in three countries. We compared the rates of species and interaction diversity loss along the landscape simplification gradient and then stepwise excluded the top 1%–20% most abundant pollinators from the data set to evaluate their effect on interaction diversity, network robustness to secondary loss of species, and flower visitation frequencies in simplified landscapes.ResultsInteraction diversity was not more vulnerable than species diversity to landscape simplification, with pollinator and interaction diversity showing similar rates of erosion with landscape simplification. We found that 20% of both species and interactions are lost with an increase of arable crop cover from 30% to 80% in a landscape. The decrease in interaction diversity was partially buffered by persistent abundant generalist pollinators in simplified landscapes, which were nested subsets of pollinator communities in complex landscapes, while plants showed a high turnover in interactions across landscapes. The top 5% most abundant pollinator species also contributed to network robustness against secondary species loss but could not prevent flowers from a loss of visits in simplified landscapes.Main ConclusionsAlthough persistent abundant pollinators buffered the decrease in interaction diversity in simplified landscapes and stabilised network robustness, flower visitation frequency was reduced, emphasising potentially severe consequences of further ongoing land‐use change for pollination services.
Do early musical impairments predict later reading difficulties? A longitudinal study of pre‐readers with and without familial risk for dyslexia
Authors: Couvignou Manon , Peyre Hugo , Ramus Franck , Kolinsky Régine 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe present longitudinal study investigated the hypothesis that early musical skills (as measured by melodic and rhythmic perception and memory) predict later literacy development via a mediating effect of phonology. We examined 130 French‐speaking children, 31 of whom with a familial risk for developmental dyslexia (DD). Their abilities in the three domains were assessed longitudinally with a comprehensive battery of behavioral tests in kindergarten, first grade, and second grade. Using a structural equation modeling approach, we examined potential longitudinal effects from music to literacy via phonology. We then investigated how familial risk for DD may influence these relationships by testing whether atypical music processing is a risk factor for DD. Results showed that children with a familial risk for DD consistently underperformed children without familial risk in music, phonology, and literacy. A small effect of musical ability on literacy via phonology was observed, but may have been induced by differences in stability across domains over time. Furthermore, early musical skills did not add significant predictive power to later literacy difficulties beyond phonological skills and family risk status. These findings are consistent with the idea that certain key auditory skills are shared between music and speech processing, and between DD and congenital amusia. However, they do not support the notion that music perception and memory skills can serve as a reliable early marker of DD, nor as a valuable target for reading remediation.Research Highlights
Music, phonology, and literacy skills of 130 children, 31 of whom with a familial risk for dyslexia, were examined longitudinally.
Children with a familial risk for dyslexia consistently underperformed children without familial risk in musical, phonological, and literacy skills.
Structural equation models showed a small effect of musical ability in kindergarten on literacy in second grade, via phonology in first grade.
However, early musical skills did not add significant predictive power to later literacy difficulties beyond phonological skills and family risk status.
Continuous glucose monitoring for glycaemic control and cardiovascular risk reduction in patients with type 2 diabetes not on insulin therapy: A clinical trial
Authors: Reed Joseph , Dong Tony , Eaton Elke , Friswold Janice , Porges Jodie , Al‐Kindi Sadeer G. , Rajagopalan Sanjay , Neeland Ian J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimTo evaluate the impact of the Dexcom G6 continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) device on glycaemic control and cardiometabolic risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) at high cardiovascular risk who are not on insulin therapy.Materials and MethodsAdults with T2DM with glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) >7% and body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2 not using insulin were enrolled in a two‐phase cross‐over study. In phase 1, CGM data were blinded, and participants performed standard glucose self‐monitoring. In phase 2, the CGM data were unblinded, and CGM, demographic and cardiovascular risk factor data were collected through 90 days of follow‐up and compared using paired tests.ResultsForty‐seven participants were included (44% women; 34% Black; mean age 63 years; BMI 37 kg/m2; HbA1c 8.4%; 10‐year predicted atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk 24.0%). CGM use was associated with a reduction in average glucose (184.0 to 147.2 mg/dl, p < .001), an increase in time in range (57.8 to 82.8%, p < .001) and a trend towards lower glucose variability (26.2 to 23.8%). There were significant reductions in HbA1c, BMI, triglycerides, blood pressure, total cholesterol, diabetes distress and 10‐year predicted risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (p < .05 for all) and an increase in prescriptions for sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (36.2 to 83.0%) and glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists (42.5 to 87.2%, p < .001 for both).ConclusionsDexcom G6 CGM was associated with improved glycaemic control and cardiometabolic risk in patients with T2DM who were not on insulin. CGM can be a safe and effective tool to improve diabetes management in patients at high risk for adverse cardiovascular outcomes.
Association of gestational diabetes with long‐term risk of premature mortality, and cardiovascular outcomes and risk factors: A retrospective cohort analysis in the UK Biobank
Authors: Michalopoulou Moscho , Piernas Carmen , Jebb Susan A. , Gao Min , Astbury Nerys M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimTo investigate the association of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) with premature mortality and cardiovascular (CVD) outcomes and risk factors.Materials and MethodsParous women recruited to the UK Biobank cohort during 2006‐2010 were followed up from their first delivery until 31 October 2021. The data were linked to Hospital Episode Statistics and mortality registries. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard models investigated associations of GDM with all‐cause mortality, CVD, diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidaemia.ResultsThe maximum total analysis time at risk and under observation was 9 694 090 person‐years. Among 220 726 women, 1225 self‐reported or had a recorded diagnosis of GDM. After adjusting for confounders and behavioural factors, GDM was associated with increased risk for premature mortality [hazard ratio (HR): 1.44, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.12‐1.86], particularly CVD‐related death (HR: 2.38, 95% CI: 1.63‐3.48), as well as incident total CVD (HR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.30‐1.74), non‐fatal CVD (HR: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.20‐1.65), diabetes (HR: 14.37, 95% CI: 13.51‐15.27), hypertension (HR: 1.49, 95% CI: 1.38‐1.60), and dyslipidaemia (HR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.22‐1.39). The total CVD risk was greater in women with GDM who did not later develop diabetes than in those with GDM and diabetes.ConclusionsWomen with GDM are at increased risk of premature death and have increased CV risk, emphasizing the importance of interventions to prevent GDM. If GDM develops, the diagnosis represents an opportunity for future surveillance and intervention to reduce CVD risk factors, prevent CVD and improve long‐term health.
Potential effects of a mobile stroke unit on time to treatment and outcome in patients treated with thrombectomy or thrombolysis: A Danish–German cross‐border analysis
Authors: Bluhm Susanna , Schramm Peter , Spreen‐Ledebur Yannic , Bluhm Sebastian , Münte Thomas F. , Eiersted Morten Rye , Wolfram Frauke , van Hooff Robbert‐Jan Roderick , Wienecke Troels , Royl Georg 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground and purposeA mobile stroke unit (MSU) reduces delays in stroke treatment by allowing thrombolysis on board and avoiding secondary transports. Due to the beneficial effect in comparison to conventional emergency medical services, current guidelines recommend regional evaluation of MSU implementation.MethodsIn a descriptive study, current pathways of patients requiring a secondary transport for mechanical thrombectomy were reconstructed from individual patient records within a Danish (n = 122) and an adjacent German region (n = 80). Relevant timestamps included arrival times (on site, primary hospital, thrombectomy centre) as well as the initiation of acute therapy. An optimal MSU location for each region was determined. The resulting time saving was translated into averted disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs).ResultsFor each region, the optimal MSU location required a median driving time of 35 min to a stroke patient. Time savings in the German region (median [Q1; Q3]) were 7 min (−15; 31) for thrombolysis and 35 min (15; 61) for thrombectomy. In the Danish region, the corresponding time savings were 20 min (8; 30) and 43 min (25; 66). Assuming 28 thrombectomy cases and 52 thrombolysis cases this would translate to 9.4 averted DALYs per year justifying an annual net MSU budget of $0.8M purchasing power parity dollars (PPP‐$) in the German region. In the Danish region, the MSU would avert 17.7 DALYs, justifying an annual net budget of PPP‐$1.7M.ConclusionThe effects of an MSU can be calculated from individual patient pathways and reflect differences in the hospital infrastructure between Denmark and Germany.
Can the HB‐EGF/EGFR pathway restore injured neurons?
Authors: Adrain Colin , Badenes Marina 
Published: April 2024

Heparin‐binding epidermal growth factor‐like growth factor (HB‐EGF) is a transmembrane protein that, when cleaved by metalloproteases through a process called ectodomain shedding, binds to the EGF receptor (EGFR), activating downstream signaling. The HB‐EGF/EGFR pathway is crucial in development and is involved in numerous pathophysiological processes. In this issue of The FEBS Journal, Sireci et al. reveal a previously unexplored function of the HB‐EGF/EGFR pathway in promoting neuronal progenitor proliferation and sensory neuron regeneration in the zebrafish olfactory epithelium in response to injury.