bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of inflammation and oxidative stress by Angelica dahuricae radix extract decreases apoptotic cell death and improves functional recovery after spinal cord injury
Authors: Moon Youn Joo , Lee Jee Youn , Oh Myung Sook , Pak Youngmi Kim , Park Kang‐Sik , Oh Tae Hwan , Yune Tae Young 
Published: September 2011

AbstractInflammation and oxidative stress play major roles in the pathogenesis after spinal cord injury (SCI). Here, we examined the neuroprotective effects of Angelica dahuricae radix (ADR) extract after SCI. ADR extract significantly decreased the levels of proinflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐activated microglial cell line, BV2 cells. ADR extract also significantly alleviated the level of reactive oxygen species in LPS‐activated BV2 cells. To examine the neuroprotective effect of ADR extract after SCI, spinally injured rats were administered ADR extract orally at a dose of 100 mg/kg for 14 days. ADR extract treatment significantly reduced the levels of TNF‐α, IL‐1β, IL‐6, iNOS, and COX‐2. The levels of superoxide anion (O2·–) and protein nitration were also significantly decreased by ADR extract. In addition, ADR extract inhibited p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase activation and pronerve growth factor expression in microglia after SCI. Furthermore, ADR extract significantly inhibited caspase‐3 activation following apoptotic cell death of neurons and oligodendrocytes, thereby improving functional recovery after injury. Thus, our data suggest that ADR extract provides neuroprotection by alleviating inflammation and oxidative stress and can be used as an orally administered therapeutic agent for acute SCI. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Human peripheral blood derived mesenchymal stem cells demonstrate similar characteristics and chondrogenic differentiation potential to bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Chong Pan‐Pan , Selvaratnam Lakshmi , Abbas Azlina A. , Kamarul Tunku 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for cartilage repair has generated much interest owing to their multipotentiality. However, their significant presence in peripheral blood (PB) has been a matter of much debate. The objectives of this study are to isolate and characterize MSCs derived from PB and, compare their chondrogenic potential to MSC derived from bone marrow (BM). PB and BM derived MSCs from 20 patients were isolated and characterized. From 2 ml of PB and BM, 5.4 ± 0.6 million and 10.5 ± 0.8 million adherent cells, respectively, were obtained by cell cultures at passage 2. Both PB and BM derived MSCs were able to undergo tri‐lineage differentiation and showed negative expression of CD34 and CD45, but positively expressed CD105, CD166, and CD29. Qualitative and quantitative examinations on the chondrogenic potential of PB and BM derived MSCs expressed similar cartilage specific gene (COMP) and proteoglycan levels, respectively. Furthermore, the s‐GAG levels expressed by chondrogenic MSCs in cultures were similar to that of native chondrocytes. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that MSCs from PB maintain similar characteristics and have similar chondrogenic differentiation potential to those derived from BM, while producing comparable s‐GAG expressions to chondrocytes. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 30:634–642, 2012
Spending degrees of freedom in a poor economy: A case study of building a sightability model for moose in northeastern Minnesota
Authors: Giudice John H. , Fieberg John R. , Lenarz Mark S. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractSightability models are binary logistic‐regression models used to estimate and adjust for visibility bias in wildlife‐population surveys. Like many models in wildlife and ecology, sightability models are typically developed from small observational datasets with many candidate predictors. Aggressive model‐selection methods are often employed to choose a best model for prediction and effect estimation, despite evidence that such methods can lead to overfitting (i.e., selected models may describe random error or noise rather than true predictor–response curves) and poor predictive ability. We used moose (Alces alces) sightability data from northeastern Minnesota (2005–2007) as a case study to illustrate an alternative approach, which we refer to as degrees‐of‐freedom (df) spending: sample‐size guidelines are used to determine an acceptable level of model complexity and then a pre‐specified model is fit to the data and used for inference. For comparison, we also constructed sightability models using Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC) step‐down procedures and model averaging (based on a small set of models developed using df‐spending guidelines). We used bootstrap procedures to mimic the process of model fitting and prediction, and to compute an index of overfitting, expected predictive accuracy, and model‐selection uncertainty. The index of overfitting increased 13% when the number of candidate predictors was increased from three to eight and a best model was selected using step‐down procedures. Likewise, model‐selection uncertainty increased when the number of candidate predictors increased. Model averaging (based onR = 30 models with 1–3 predictors) effectively shrunk regression coefficients toward zero and produced similar estimates of precision to our 3‐df pre‐specified model. As such, model averaging may help to guard against overfitting when too many predictors are considered (relative to available sample size). The set of candidate models will influence the extent to which coefficients are shrunk toward zero, which has implications for how one might apply model averaging to problems traditionally approached using variable‐selection methods. We often recommend the df‐spending approach in our consulting work because it is easy to implement and it naturally forces investigators to think carefully about their models and predictors. Nonetheless, similar concepts should apply whether one is fitting 1 model or using multi‐model inference. For example, model‐building decisions should consider the effective sample size, and potential predictors should be screened (without looking at their relationship to the response) for missing data, narrow distributions, collinearity, potentially overly influential observations, and measurement errors (e.g., via logical error checks). © 2011 The Wildlife Society.
Self‐Driven Gel Conveyer: Effect of Interactions Between Loaded Cargo and Self‐Oscillating Gel Surface
Authors: Murase Yoko , Takeshima Reiji , Yoshida Ryo 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA “self‐oscillating” gel that swells and deswells periodically under constant conditions is developed as a novel biomimetic gel differing from conventional stimuli‐responsive polymer gels. By utilizing the peristaltic motion of the self‐oscillating gel, autonomous mass‐transport systems can be realized. With the propagation of the chemical wave, the loaded gel cargo is autonomously transported by rotating on the surface. To apply the self‐driven gel conveyer to a wider range of uses, it is important to investigate the influence of the physical interaction between the self‐oscillating gel and the loaded cargo on its transporting ability. Here, the effect of the interaction is evaluated by using several kinds of gel cargo with varying charge states, hydrophilicities, and surface roughnesses.magnified image
Completely independent spanning trees in torus networks
Authors: Hasunuma Toru , Morisaka Chie 
Published: September 2011

AbstractLet T1, T2, …, Tk be spanning trees in a graph G. If for any two vertices u, v in G, the paths from u to v in T1, T2, …, Tk are pairwise internally disjoint, then T1, T2, …, Tk are completely independent spanning trees in G. Completely independent spanning trees can be applied to fault‐tolerant communication problems in interconnection networks. In this article, we show that there are two completely independent spanning trees in any torus network. Besides, we generalize the result for the Cartesian product. In particular, we show that there are two completely independent spanning trees in the Cartesian product of any 2‐connected graphs. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, 2012
Constructing optimal subnetworks for the crossed cube network
Authors: Wang Dajin 
Published: September 2011

AbstractWe present an algorithm that constructs subnetworks from an n‐dimensional crossed cube, denoted CQn, so that for any given κ, 2 ≤ κ ≤ n − 1, the algorithm can generate a κ‐connected subnetwork that contains all 2n original nodes of CQn and preserves the symmetrical structure. The κ‐connected subnetworks constructed are all optimal in the sense that they use the minimum number of links to maintain the required connectivity. Being able to construct κ‐connected, all‐node subnetworks are important in many applications, such as computing in the presence of faulty links, or diagnosing the system with a lower fault bound. Links that are not used by the induced subnetworks could be used in parallel by some other computing tasks, improving the overall resource utilization of the system. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, 2012
Sensitivity and specificity of the Distress Thermometer and a two‐item depression screen (Patient Health Questionnaire‐2) with a ‘help’ question for psychological distress and psychiatric morbidity in patients with advanced cancer
Authors: Ryan Dermot Anthony , Gallagher Pamela , Wright Shelagh , Cassidy Eugene M. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractObjectivesBrief screening tools may help clinicians in busy settings detect patients who are experiencing severe psychological distress. This study examined the performance of the Distress Thermometer (DT) and a two‐item depression screen [the Patient Health Questionnaire‐2 (PHQ‐2)] with a ‘help’ question in screening for distress and psychiatric morbidity among patients with advanced cancer.MethodsTwo hundred and five patients with advanced cancer completed the DT, the PHQ‐2 and ‘help’ question and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and were interviewed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐IV (SCID). The performance of the screening tools was examined against the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the SCID.ResultsOverall, discrimination levels were comparable for the DT [area under the curve (AUC) 0.80–0.81] and the PHQ‐2 (AUC 0.73–0.85). The DT performed best in detecting cases of distress and mood, anxiety or adjustment disorders (sensitivity 100%), but it had poor specificity (49–60%). The best performance in terms of combined sensitivity and specificity was the PHQ depression item versus the SCID (sensitivity 88%, specificity 73%). The inclusion of the ‘help’ question with the PHQ‐2 resulted in high levels of specificity (≥89%), but there was a significant drop in sensitivity (≤54%).ConclusionUltra‐brief screening tools offer an efficient means of identifying patients with advanced cancer with severe distress or psychiatric morbidity but are less effective at identifying non‐distressed individuals. Used in conjunction with a ‘help’ question, these tools can help clinicians identify patients who are both distressed and likely to accept professional support. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluation of flammability and toxicity hazards using infinite points
Authors: Prugh Richard W. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractFor many novel or unusual chemicals, there may be only one pressure/temperature point that is available for estimating flammability and/or toxicity hazards. This may be the atmospheric‐pressure boiling point, the vapor pressure at room temperature, or the vapor‐pressure/temperature point that corresponds to both the flash point and the lower flammable limit (LFL). It is shown here how an equation for the vapor‐pressure/temperature relationship above and below that point can be developed through use of a second “infinite point.” Thus, the liquid temperature that corresponds to a given toxic concentration can be estimated, and the flash point and LFL can also be estimated with only one set of T and P.An infinite point for hydrocarbons was first noted in 1923, and this concept was “rediscovered” and extended to a wide variety of other chemicals in 1949. This article summarizes the previous work and provides a rearrangement of the Antoine equation so that an infinite point can be easily used to estimate vapor pressure (and thereby concentration) at any given temperature.The primary purpose of this article is to provide guidance concerning the use of an infinite point to aid in establishing hazardous concentrations of flammable and/or toxic vapors, particularly in poorly ventilated enclosures, where a range of vapor‐pressure data is not readily available. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog, 2011
Critical compassionate pedagogy and the teacher's role in first‐generation student success
Authors: Hao Richie Neil 
Published: September 2011

AbstractInformed by Rosenberg's (2003) concept of nonviolent communication, the author's pedagogical perspective encourages educators to criticize institutional and classroom practices that ideologically place underserved students at disadvantaged positions. At the same time, this perspective urges teachers to be self‐reflective of their actions through compassion as a daily commitment. The author suggests that this pedagogical approach helps teachers better counter institutional barriers and oppressive pedagogical practices that inhibit first‐generation college students' success.
Enhanced enzyme production with the pelleted form of D. squalens in laboratory bioreactors using added natural lignin inducer
Authors: Babič Janja , Pavko Aleksander 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
White-rot fungi are extensively used in various submerged biotechnology processes to produce ligninolytic enzymes. Transfer of the process from the laboratory to the industrial level requires optimization of the cultivation conditions on the laboratory scale. An interesting area of optimization is pellet growth since this morphological form solves problems such as the decreased oxygen concentration, limited heat, and nutrient transport, which usually occur in dispersed mycelium cultures. Many submerged fermentations with basidiomycetes in pellet form were done with Phanerochaete, Trametes, and Bjerkandera species, among others. In our study, another promising basidiomycete, D. squalens, was used for ligninolytic enzyme production. With the addition of wood particles (sawdust) as a natural inducer and optimization of mixing and aeration conditions in laboratory stirred tank (STR) and bubble column (BCR) reactors on pellet growth and morphology, the secretion of laccase and the manganese-dependent peroxidase into the medium was substantially enhanced. The maximum mean pellet radius was achieved after 10 days in the BCR (5.1 mm) where pellets were fluffy and 5 days in the STR (3.5 mm) where they were round and smooth. The maximum Lac activity (1,882 U l−1) was obtained after 12 days in the STR, while maximum MnP activity (449.8 U l−1) occurred after 18 days in the BCR. The pellet size and morphology depended on the agitation and aeration conditions and consequently influenced a particular enzyme synthesis. The enzyme activities were high and comparable with the activities found for other investigations in reactors with basidiomycetes in the form of pellets.
Emergency department bedside echocardiography diagnosis of massive pulmonary embolism with direct visualization of thrombus in the pulmonary artery
Authors: Riley David C. , Hultgren Aaron , Merino David , Gerson Samuel 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
A 62-year-old woman presented to the emergency department (ED) with a chief complaint of 3 weeks of progressively worsening shortness of breath. Her physical examination was normal, except for tachypnea. Her lungs were clear, and no murmurs, gallops or rubs were heard on the cardiac examination. ED bedside echocardiography with color, continuous wave and tissue Doppler ultrasound imaging and lower extremity ultrasonography performed by an ED attending physician revealed a massive pulmonary embolism with right ventricle pressure overload, tricuspid and pulmonic regurgitation, right atrial thrombus and a right popliteal thrombus. The right ventricular outflow tract view allowed for the direct visualization of thrombus in the pulmonary artery. Bedside echocardiography with color, continuous wave and tissue Doppler ultrasound imaging and lower extremity compression ultrasonography can assist the emergency physician and the critical care physician in the diagnosis of massive pulmonary embolism and deep venous thrombosis. Direct visualization of embolic thrombus in the pulmonary artery can help the ED physician accelerate both medical intensive care consultation and therapy and surgical consultation for possible thromboembolectomy and inferior vena cava filter placement.
The relationship between spirituality and religiosity on psychological outcomes in adolescents and emerging adults: A meta‐analytic review
Authors: Yonker Julie E. , Schnabelrauch Chelsea A. , DeHaan Laura G. 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTThe present study used meta‐analytic techniques to examine the association between spirituality and religiosity (S/R) and psychological outcomes in adolescents and emerging adults. The outcome measures of risk behavior, depression, well‐being, self‐esteem, and personality were examined with respect to the influence of S/R across 75 independent studies encompassing 66,273 adolescents and emerging adults extracted from electronic databases between 1990 and 2010. Results showed significant main effect sizes of S/R with several outcomes: risk behavior, −.17; depression, −.11; well‐being, .16; self‐esteem, .11; and the personality measures of Conscientiousness, .19; Agreeableness, .18; Openness, .14. Moderating effects were found for age, race, and type of S/R measure. Results show that S/R has a positive effect on psychological outcomes in adolescents and emerging adults. Possible explanations and implications of these results are discussed.
The management of bipolar disorder in the perinatal period and risk factors for postpartum relapse
Authors: Doyle K. , Heron J. , Berrisford G. , Whitmore J. , Jones L. , Wainscott G. , Oyebode F. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractAimsThe perinatal period is a time of high risk of relapse for women with a history of bipolar affective disorder (BPAD). We describe the pregnancy management of women with BPAD and identify risk factors for postpartum relapse.MethodsThe case records of 78 women with BPAD referred to perinatal mental health services before conception, during pregnancy or the postpartum period, between 1998 and 2009 in Birmingham UK, were screened. In women who were managed during pregnancy, those who relapsed in the postpartum were compared with those who remained well.ResultsForty-seven percent of women with BPAD referred in pregnancy suffered postpartum relapse. Women who were unwell at referral, younger, with unplanned pregnancy, previous perinatal episodes or a family history of BPAD were more likely to suffer postpartum illness.ConclusionIdentifying risk factors for postpartum relapse enables us to individualise the estimation of a woman's risk and modify care plans accordingly. Duration of wellness prior to pregnancy is not associated with a lower risk of postpartum illness and so it is imperative that all women with BPAD receive referral in pregnancy.
Effects of similar intakes of marinen-3 fatty acids from enriched food products and fish oil on cardiovascular risk markers in healthy human subjects
Authors: Kirkhus Bente , Lamglait Amandine , Eilertsen Karl-Erik , Falch Eva , Haider Trond , Vik Hogne , Hoem Nils , Hagve Tor-Arne , Basu Samar , Olsen Elisabeth , Seljeflot Ingebjørg , Nyberg Lena , Elind Elisabeth , Ulven Stine M. 
Published: September 2011

There is convincing evidence that consumption of fish and fish oil rich in long-chain (LC)n-3 PUFA (n-3 LCPUFA), EPA (20 : 5n-3) and DHA (22 : 6n-3) reduce the risk of CHD. The aim of the present study was to investigate whethern-3 LCPUFA-enriched food products provide similar beneficial effects as fish oil with regard to incorporation into plasma lipids and effects on cardiovascular risk markers. A parallel 7-week intervention trial was performed where 159 healthy men and women were randomised to consume either 34 g fish pâté (n44), 500 ml fruit juice (n38) or three capsules of concentrated fish oil (n40), all contributing to a daily intake of approximately 1 g EPA and DHA. A fourth group did not receive any supplementation or food product and served as controls (n37). Plasma fatty acid composition, serum lipids, and markers of inflammation and oxidative stress were measured. Compared with the control group, plasman-3 LCPUFA and EPA:arachidonic acid ratio increased equally in all intervention groups. However, no significant changes in blood lipids and markers of inflammation and oxidative stress were observed. In conclusion, enriched fish pâté and fruit juice represent suitable delivery systems forn-3 LCPUFA. However, although the dose given is known to reduce the risk of CVD, no significant changes were observed on cardiovascular risk markers in this healthy population.
Rapid response predicts 12-month post-treatment outcomes in binge-eating disorder: theoretical and clinical implications
Authors: Grilo C. M. , White M. A. , Wilson G. T. , Gueorguieva R. , Masheb R. M. 
Published: September 2011

BackgroundWe examined rapid response in obese patients with binge-eating disorder (BED) in a clinical trial testing cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and behavioral weight loss (BWL).MethodAltogether, 90 participants were randomly assigned to CBT or BWL. Assessments were performed at baseline, throughout and post-treatment and at 6- and 12-month follow-ups. Rapid response, defined as ⩾70% reduction in binge eating by week four, was determined by receiver operating characteristic curves and used to predict outcomes.ResultsRapid response characterized 57% of participants (67% of CBT, 47% of BWL) and was unrelated to most baseline variables. Rapid response predicted greater improvements across outcomes but had different prognostic significance and distinct time courses for CBT versus BWL. Patients receiving CBT did comparably well regardless of rapid response in terms of reduced binge eating and eating disorder psychopathology but did not achieve weight loss. Among patients receiving BWL, those without rapid response failed to improve further. However, those with rapid response were significantly more likely to achieve binge-eating remission (62% v. 13%) and greater reductions in binge-eating frequency, eating disorder psychopathology and weight loss.ConclusionsRapid response to treatment in BED has prognostic significance through 12-month follow-up, provides evidence for treatment specificity and has clinical implications for stepped-care treatment models for BED. Rapid responders who receive BWL benefit in terms of both binge eating and short-term weight loss. Collectively, these findings suggest that BWL might be a candidate for initial intervention in stepped-care models with an evaluation of progress after 1 month to identify non-rapid responders who could be advised to consider a switch to a specialized treatment.
Non-uniqueness in -measures
Authors: DOOLEY A. H. , RUDOLPH DANIEL J. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBramson and Kalikow and Quas showed the phenomenon of non-uniqueness forg-measures in the absence of aC1condition ong. We extend this result to show that for a sequenceG=(Gn), the class ofG-measures can be badly behaved in the sense of containing measures of typeIIIλfor allλin a continuous image of anFσset.