bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract B100: Alcohol consumption and risk of renal cell cancer: The NIH-AARP Diet and Health study
Authors: Lew Jasmine , Hollenbeck Albert , Schatzkin Arthur , Park Yikyung 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
Introduction: There is substantial epidemiologic evidence that alcohol consumption is positively associated with the development of several cancers, notably in the breast, mouth, pharynx and laryngeal. Epidemiologic studies have reported inconsistent findings on the relationship between alcohol consumption and risk of renal cell cancer (RCC), prospective cohort studies have reported statistically non-significant inverse association between alcohol consumption and the risk of RCC. Therefore, we investigated the association between alcohol consumption and RCC in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health study.
Methods: We analyzed 490,159 eligible men (n=292,101) and women (n=198,058) in the prospective NIH-AARP Diet and Health study. At baseline, we assessed alcohol and other nutrient intakes with a food frequency questionnaire, and collected data on demographics, lifestyle, and medical history. We used Cox proportional hazards models to calculate relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusting for age, race, height, body mass index (BMI), marriage status, physical activity, smoking history, history of diabetes and hypertension, and intakes of protein and energy.
Results: During an average of 7 years of follow-up, we identified 1,106 cases of RCC: 811 were men, 295 were women. 21% of the men and 30% of the women did not drink alcohol. The percentage of current smokers increased with amount of alcohol consumed for both sexes. Alcohol was inversely associated with risk of RCC. Per 10g/day increment, RR was 0.96 (95% CI:0.93–0.99). There was a significant interaction by sex. Alcohol showed a null association with RCC in men: the multivariate RR (95%CI) was 0.96 (0.93–1.00) for every 10g increase in alcohol consumption per day. The findings were similar for different alcoholic beverage types. The multivariate RR (95%CI) was 0.95 (0.90–1.00) for every 1 serving of beer per day, 1.05 (0.94–1.16) for every 1 serving of wine per day, and 0.96 (0.92–1.01) for every 1 serving of liquor per day. However, alcohol showed an inverse association with RCC in women: the multivariate RR (95%) was 0.60 (0.45–0.80) for every 10g increase in alcohol consumption per day. The multivariate RR (95%CI) was 0.85 (0.53–1.38) for every 1 serving of beer per day, 0.40 (0.22–0.74) for every 1 serving of wine per day, and 0.68 (0.45–1.01) for every 1 serving of liquor per day. There was no significant alcohol-renal cell cancer interactions observed with BMI, smoking or oral contraceptives.
Conclusion: Alcohol consumption is inversely associated with the risk of renal cell cancer only in women.
Citation Information: Cancer Prev Res 2010;3(1 Suppl):B100.
Abstract B104: A meta-analysis of fresh and pickled vegetable consumption and gastric cancer in Japanese and Korean populations
Authors: Kim Jeongseon , Kim Hyun-Ja , Park Sohee , Shin Aesun , Choi Bo Youl , Shimazu Taichi ,   Section Head Inoue, Tsugane Shoichiro 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
It is widely known that vegetable consumption contributes to reducing the risk of gastric cancer (GC). However, the incidence rates of GC remain high in both Japanese and Korean populations, although they have a high consumption of total vegetables. It may be due to the fact that Japanese and Koreans mainly consume processed vegetables, such as cooked, salted, or pickled vegetables, rather than fresh vegetables. To determine whether the intakes of fresh and pickled vegetables have different effects on the risk of GC in Japanese and Korean populations, we conducted a meta-analysis of the epidemiological literature. Eight studies on the consumption of fresh vegetables and 14 studies on the consumption of pickled vegetables related to GC risk were included in this meta-analysis. Four studies exploring differences in GC risk in men and women were considered separately. We observed that a high intake of fresh vegetables was significantly associated with a decreased risk of GC (overall summary OR=0.62, 95% CI=0.46–0.85) but that a high intake of pickled vegetables was significantly associated with an increased risk of GC (overall summary OR=1.28, 95% CI=1.06–1.53). The results of this meta-analysis provide evidence that a high intake of pickled vegetables may increase GC risk and suggest that a high consumption of fresh vegetables, rather than a large total amount of vegetables including pickled vegetables, is important to reduce GC risk.
Citation Information: Cancer Prev Res 2010;3(1 Suppl):B104.
Abstract B131: Geographic variation and the role of small-area socioeconomic deprivation in colorectal cancer survival: A multilevel analysis of the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study
Authors: Lian Min , Schootman Mario , Doubeni Chyke , Laiyemo Adeyinka O. , Park Yikyung , Schatzkin Arthur 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
Background: Low-income persons have lower colorectal cancer (CRC) survival, but little is known about area socioeconomic deprivation on CRC survival. In this study, we examined geographic variation, the role of area-level socioeconomic deprivation in CRC survival and potential mechanisms linking neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation to CRC survival using the large, geographically dispersed, population-based NIH-AARP Diet and Health study cohort.
Methods: In the NIH-AARP Diet and Health study cohort, 7024 CRC cases identified in 1995–2003 were followed for their CRC-specific vital status through 2005. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to plot CRC-specific survival curve. An area-level deprivation score was developed using common factor analysis based on 21 census tract-level socioeconomic variables. Multilevel survival models were fitted to determine the extent of the small-area variation and the effect of area deprivation on survival. Six groups of individual factors, including cancer characteristics, sociodemographics, health conditions, health-related behaviors, Mediterranean dietary pattern and self-rated health, were examined to explore potential mediating pathways by which neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation exerted its influence on CRC survival.
Results: There was significant geographic variation in CRC survival (variance: 0.25 – 0.30, median hazard ratio: 1.61 – 1.68, interquartile hazard ratio: 3.19 – 3.52). CRC survival was significantly lower in areas with higher socioeconomic deprivation compared to areas with the lowest socioeconomic deprivation (hazard ratio [HR] for the second least vs. least deprivation quartile: 1.23, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06 – 1.43; the second most vs. least deprivation quartile: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.05 – 1.44; the most vs. least deprivation quartile: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.05 – 1.44). Individual factors investigated partially explained the effect of area socioeconomic deprivation (adjusted HR for the second least vs. least deprivation quartile: 1.20, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02 – 1.41; the second most vs. least deprivation quartile: 1.14, 95% CI: 0.96 – 1.34; the most vs. least deprivation quartile: 1.08, 95% CI: 0.91 – 1.29).
Conclusions: Small-area geographic variation in CRC survival was present. Interventions to improve CRC survival should target patients living in socioeconomically deprived neighborhoods. Future studies should further investigate the exact mechanisms between neighborhood deprivation and CRC survival to maximize their effect of prevention and control.
Citation Information: Cancer Prev Res 2010;3(1 Suppl):B131.
Abstract B136: Early age at menarche in Mexican American girls: Psychosocial risk factors
Authors: Jean Rosenie Thelus , Wilkinson Anna V. , Forman Michele , Spitz Margaret R. 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
An earlier age at menarche is a risk factor for breast cancer and national statistics indicate that girls of Mexican American descent are continuing to experience a decline in the average age at menarche from 12.4 to 12.0 years. While there is a large body of literature on the factors influencing an early age at menarche in non-Hispanic whites, limited data have been collected on psychosocial and maternal factors contributing to earlier age at menarche among Mexican American girls. Using data from a longitudinal prospective study of smoking initiation among youth of Mexican origin in Houston, Texas, we investigate the role of family life environment, parental marital status and socioeconomic status on age at menarche, after adjustment for recognized covariates such as maternal age at menarche and body mass of the index.
Participants (N = 540 girls) in this study were aged 9–13 years at baseline, when information on family life environment and anthropometric measurements were collected. At the final follow-up home visit three years later, data on age at menarche was self-reported while information about education, house ownership and marital status were obtained from the mother of each girl.
Using multiple logistic regression analysis, we calculated the odds ratio of specific psychosocial exposures among girls who started menarche early (&lt;12 years) compared to those who started at a later/normal age (≥12 years). Overall, the mean age at menarche was 11.65 years with more than 40% of the girls starting menarche at 11 years or younger. After adjusting for age, body mass index and mother's age at menarche, we found no relationship between maternal education, household ownership, girls' perception of their family life environment as conflict-prone, cohesive, authoritarian, expressive or laissez-faire and age at menarche. In contrast, there was a 2-fold increase in the odds of early menarche among girls whose parents were single heads of households compared to those whose parents were married (OR: 2.03; CI: 1.07–3.87).
The mean age at menarche of 11.63 years in our population was younger then previous reports among nationally representative samples of Mexican American girls. In addition, our study provides important information regarding the role of family structure (marital status) on age at menarche and identifies a factor—single parenting—that is a marker for girls who enter menarche early. Although additional research is needed to corroborate our findings, awareness of the impact of fathers' absence and their involvement in their daughters' lives during the early years should be emphasized when addressing factors contributing to age at menarche.
Citation Information: Cancer Prev Res 2010;3(1 Suppl):B136.
Abstract B144: Role of curcuma longa in de-addiction of tobacco chewers and chronic smokers: A pilot study on precancerous and frank oropharyngeal cancer patients
Authors: Dastidar Anjana Basu Ghosh , Dastidar Aloke Ghosh , Chakroborty Indranil 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
Objectives: Smoking and tobacco leaf chewing are important predisposing factors of oral cancer. Chronic tobacco users are so much addicted that they are unable to get rid of their habits even after developing frank oral cavity cancers. Personal and psychological counseling, life style modifications have failed to de-addict these individuals. Serum nicotine level falls sharply and provokes them for further use of tobacco to keep sustained level of nicotine in blood. It has been observed that chewing of Indian medicinal plant root curcuma longa (turmeric, haldi) or its active ingredients curcumin is effective to de-addict tobacco users. Present paper is a pilot study to translate these clinical findings into scientifically explained observations.
Methods: Patients with pre-cancerous lesions or oro-pharyngeal cancers with habits of chronic smoking or tobacco chewing were recruited for the study. The study conducted between September 2003 to August 2005 in collaboration with Department of Biochemistry and Radiotherapy, Medical College, Calcutta. Of total 256 patients (132 in control arm and 124 in study arm); M: F = 90:10; 196/256 (75%) were smokers and others were tobacco chewers. Serum nicotine level estimated at monthly interval for three months. Study arm patients were given simultaneously curcuma longa for consecutive three months and serum nicotine level was compared with control arm. Addiction potentiality was recorded by our counselor.
Results: Control arm patients had the same addiction dependency as before but amongst study arm patients (n=132) 84/132 (63.6%) completely gave up smoking or tobacco chewing. 19 patients (14.3%) dropped smoking less than 10 cigarettes per day and 14 patients (10.6%) tobacco chewing decreased from 10-times to less than 2-times per day. The difference is statistically significant.
Conclusion: Initial result of our ongoing study is very much encouraging. The details of the present study will be discussed at the time of presentation.
Citation Information: Cancer Prev Res 2010;3(1 Suppl):B144.
Abstract B15: Measuring medical mistrust at Dia de la Mujer Latina health fiestas
Authors: Gines Venus M. , Pena Gabriela 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
Mistrust of research and the medical system is a frequent barrier to participation in clinical trials. However, there is a paucity of data on how medical mistrust serves as a barrier to participation in clinical research among Latinas from various Latin American ethnic groups. Culturally, Latina women are the key decision makers when it comes to healthcare. Therefore, this study focused on Latinas who attended three Dia de la Mujer Latina (DML) health fiestas.
Methods: Promotoras de Salud (community health workers) were trained to present a bilingual Medical Abuse and Medical Mistrust Awareness Survey (MAMMAS©), culturally translated, to Latinas from 18 years of age and older at 3 DML Health Fiestas events (Puerto Rico, Houston,Texas and Miami, Florida). MAMMAS© is innovative because it breaks down their perception of the medical institutions as well as their knowledge of clinical research, the HPV vaccine and the well-documented medical abuse historical cases. Questions captured demographics, insurance coverage, assimilation, acculturation, knowledge of preventive screenings for breast and cervical cancer, understanding and perception of clinical trials, awareness of historical medical abuse, mistrust of medical providers, their insights about barriers to obtaining these cancer screenings; and if the barrier of mistrust would hinder them from participating in a clinical research or clinical trial.
Conclusions: The results of the MAMMAS survey will emphasize the need for more research on this topic. There were a total of 357 participants who completed the survey, however, there were 527 who began the process but did not complete due to their confusion with the response scale.
201 Survey respondents were conscious of the importance of cancer screening, but expressed fear as a major barrier.
294 Survey respondents believed that mistrust plays a key role in their participation into clinical trials.
253 Survey respondents felt that patients may have been deceived or misled by healthcare organizations
204 Survey respondents stated that mistakes are usually covered up by healthcare organizations.
227 Survey respondents believed that healthcare organization have experimented on patients w/o their knowledge.
269 Survey respondents were aware of some form of medical abuse that occurred.
Citation Information: Cancer Prev Res 2010;3(1 Suppl):B15.
Abstract B17: Impact of behavior modification for tobacco usage in patients with a diagnosis of high-risk oral lesion
Authors: Tam Darlene M. , Currie Brenda , Zhang Lewei , Rosin Miriam P. , Poh Catherine F.Y. 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
Background: With tobacco and alcohol risk behaviors contributing to about three-quarters of cases, oral cancer is recognized as a preventable disease. Continuous smoking after treatment for high-risk oral lesions (HRLs) is associated with recurrence risk. However, there is little known about the impact of smoking behavioral changes in patients diagnosed with HRLs or their barriers for tobacco cessation.
Objectives: 1) To collect pilot data regarding tobacco-related behavioral changes prior to and after the diagnosis of an HRL, and 2) To identify possible facilitators and barriers in tobacco cessation.
Methods: A survey-type questionnaire is being developed for collecting data on smoking behaviors and cessation barriers. To avoid recall bias, patients with ever-smoking histories within 5 years of the diagnosis of an HRL are invited to participate in the study. A pilot cohort (N=25) has been interviewed to develop a refined questionnaire for a larger scale study.
Results: Initial results show that all patients interviewed have a general understanding of the associations between tobacco consumption and its consequences on health. Of 25 patients recruited, there were 16 (64%) males and the average age is 55 ± 6.3 years. Ten (40%) have successfully quit after the diagnosis of an HRL and 6 (24%) expressed the intention to quit; while 6 (24%) have not made a decision regarding tobacco cessation and surprisingly, 3 (12%) have no intention of ceasing their tobacco habits even with a diagnosis of an HRL. All but 2 patients have experienced difficulty in tobacco cessation and 16 (64%) of them experienced smoking recurrence after their attempts to quit. The identified cessation barriers are mainly stress (‘smoking is a way to relax’, 64%) and smoking enjoyment (56%). The HRL diagnosis is the strongest message for the patients who quit successfully.
Conclusion: Incorporation of an open-ended interview questionnaire allows for better understanding of smoking behaviors and complex cessation barriers in patients with HRLs. The barriers to tobacco cessation appear to be more psychosocial in nature, i.e., stress and smoking enjoyment. There is a need to develop effective intervention strategies targeting these individuals to improve tobacco cessation success, and consequently, reduce the risk of HRL recurrence. (Supported by research grants from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research, and BC Cancer Foundation. DMT is supported by the Frederick Banting and Charles Best Canada Graduate Scholarships administered by CIHR.)
Citation Information: Cancer Prev Res 2010;3(1 Suppl):B17.
Abstract B22: Factors associated with community members' participation in a research registry
Authors: Skinner Celette Sugg , Tiro Jasmin A. , Bishop Wendy Pechero , Bruce Corinne 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
Introduction: It is important to provide community members - especially those from traditionally underserved groups - with equitable opportunities to participate in research. Volunteer registries have been employed to generate pools of potential participants. However, we know little about factors associated with participation in such registries.
Procedures: Bilingual research staff approached persons aged 18 and over attending the VIVA Dallas! Hispanic Exposition August 8–9, 2009, asking if they would complete a one-page health topics survey and receive, in return, a water bottle with our cancer center's logo. The survey, available in Spanish and English, measured age, sex, marital and parental status, race/ethnicity, country of birth, acculturation (Marin and Marin's 4-item scale), insurance coverage, access to and place of usual health care, and health topics of concern. One item asked, “May we contact you in the future for research studies?” and provided space for contact information for those who checked “yes”.
Data: The 1,183 survey completers were 64% female, 77% Hispanic, and 68% married or living as married. Most were parents (69%), ≤ 50 years old (68%), and were born outside the US (57%). Scores on the 4-item acculturation scale classified 45% with lower acculturation and 36% with higher acculturation; scores could not be calculated for the 19% with missing data. Some type of insurance coverage was reported by 40% (with 19% missing) and 43% reported access to usual health care (with 17% missing). Most frequently cited health topics of concern were diabetes (53%), healthy eating (32%) and managing stress (31%). Cancer was mentioned by 20%, with breast being the most-cited cancer type. Overall, 63% indicated agreement to be contacted for future studies. Agreement was significantly associated (all p&lt;.01) with: age less than 50, female sex, having ever been married, being the parent of at least one child, Hispanic ethnicity, birth outside the US, lower acculturation score, no insurance coverage, and no place for usual health care.
Conclusions: Among attendees at Dallas' largest Hispanic community event, interest in completing the survey was high. The majority of survey completers (63%) agreed to be contacted for future studies. People most likely to agree to future contact represented groups often not included in studies - those born outside the US, with lower acculturation scores, and no health insurance or source of regular health care. Use of registries generated through community events such as VIVA Dallas! may help to address disparities in access to and participation in cancer control research.
Citation Information: Cancer Prev Res 2010;3(1 Suppl):B22.
Abstract B26: Cancer prevention clinical trials: Assessing for disparities in recruitment in Hawaii
Authors: Bantum Erin O. , Cheng Iona , Cassel Kevin , Ka'opua Lana Sue , Berenberg Jeffrey 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
A key concern of clinical trials of cancer is improving the participation rates of minority populations that are often underrepresented and have high rates of disease. In particular, identifying the underlying factors that contribute to the underrepresentation of minorities is essential for developing improved recruitment strategies—this is especially important for prevention trials of cancer that may ultimately translate to reducing the burden of disease in the population. To identify disparities in cancer prevention trials in Hawaii, we compared participation rates across racial/ethnic groups for breast and prostate cancer prevention trials. We then examined the methods of recruitment for each trial. The following four prevention trials were included in our assessment: the Breast Cancer Prevention Trial (BCPT), the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial (PCPT), and the Study of Tamoxifen and Raloxifene (STAR). We identified gender differences in the participation rates of Native Hawaiians. Among 272 female participants in the STAR and BCPT trials, 10.3% (n = 28) were Native Hawaiian. In contrast, among 213 male participants in the SELECT and PCPT studies, only 5.2% (n = 11) were Native Hawaiian. The ethnic breakdown of the state during the approximate time of recruitment (2000) was as follows: African American 2.4%, Caucasian 24.3%, Chinese 7.4%, Filipino 16.5%, Hawaiian 19.8%, Japanese 18.9%, Korean 2.4%, Other ethnicities 8.4% (US Census, 2000). In these trials differing recruitment strategies were used. For example, in the SELECT trial a targeted direct mailing campaign to men 50 years of age or older (27.6% of sample), whereas in the STAR trial physician referral was the primary source of participation (59.0%). While these analyses do not speak to what specific strategies were most beneficial for a given racial/ethnic group, it is important to note that there was a higher likelihood of recruiting Native Hawaiian women when they were referred to the trial by their physician. Understanding the importance of the relationship between the study participant and the referral agent is just one strategy that will be examined in our future work. Researchers attempting to recruit African Americans at a rate of 20% for clinical trials (Cook at al., 2005) found that a diligent effort aimed at expanding the eligibility recruitment for African American men and the provision of more resources to particularly target this group were strategies that helped decrease disparities in recruitment. Given the multi-ethnic and multi-cultural nature of Hawai'i there are a wide range of practices and beliefs that need to be considered and incorporated in clinical trial recruitment. Our ultimate goal is to improve the participation rates of Native Hawaiians in clinical trials of cancer prevention.
Citation Information: Cancer Prev Res 2010;3(1 Suppl):B26.