bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
РЕГРЕССИОННО-ВРЕМЕННЫЕ МОДЕЛИ ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЯ КАЧЕСТВА ИЗДЕЛИЙ ЭЛЕКТРОННОЙ ТЕХНИКИ
Authors: Захаров Ю.В. , Моисеев Н.Г. , Кайнова А.Д. 
Published: February 2025

Рассмотрены способы ускоренной оценки технического состояния изделий электронной техники на этапе эксплуатации методами теории планирования активного эксперимента. Предложен конкретный способ, сокращающий общую продолжительность испытаний для получения регрессионновременной модели прогнозирования качества изделий электронной техники.
Introduction. The increase of requirements for reliability of electronic products results in development of methods, which allow estimating their technical state during the operation stage quickly and with a high confidence level. The development of such methods is possible, when the dependence of the technical state of electronic products on influencing factors and operating time is plotted. The mathematical expression, approximating such dependence, is called a regressiontime model. Therefore, the most efficient method of its construction is the theory of active experiment design. For obtaining a regressiontime model, specially planned tests are carried out. Meanwhile, there are two methods of including time in the model: to conduct each test in the experiment design during the time t to consider the time t as an additional factor along with factors electronic products operating conditions. The purpose of the work is to study the methods of the construction of a regressiontime model in accordance with the total duration of electronic products tests for reducing financial and time costs. Results. When constructing regressiontime models, using the method of the theory of active experiment design, experiment designs of the second order found the most common application in electronic instrument making: an orthogonal central composite design a rotatable central composite design a Box design a Hartley design a BoxBehnken design. These designs were studied in accordance with the duration of products tests. When comparing methods of the construction of the regressiontime model, the number of factors к, determining the numerical value of electronic products quality indicator was taken as equal to: 2 3 4 5 6. It was obtained that including time in the experiment design as an additional factor reduces the general duration of tests with any number of factors к. The experiment design of the orthogonal central composite order when к2 and к4, the Hartley design when к3 and к5, the BoxBehnken design when к6 have the maximum gain in the duration of tests. Conclusion. When constructing the regressiontime model of forecasting the dependence of electronic products quality indicator on conditions and operating time using the method of the theory of active experiment design, it is necessary to consider time as an additional factor in the experiment design. The inclusion of time into the experiment design as an additional factor reduces the general duration of electronic products reliability tests from 10 to 48 depending on the experiment design type and the number of factors, determining the numerical value of the electronic product quality indicator.
РАЗРАБОТКА ЦИФРОВОГО АЛГОРИТМА ДЕМОДУЛЯЦИИ СИГНАЛОВ С ОТНОСИТЕЛЬНОЙ ФАЗОВОЙ МАНИПУЛЯЦИЕЙВТОРОГО ПОРЯДКА
Authors: Глушков А.Н. , Оболонская А.В. 
Published: February 2025

В статье решаются вопросы повышения помехоустойчивости и быстродействия цифровых демодуляторов сигналов с относительной фазовой манипуляцией (ОФМ) второго порядка. Показано, что для достижения заданной цели необходима разработка быстрого цифрового алгоритма. Проанализированы существующие аналоги устройств обработки сигналов с данным видом модуляции, показаны их недостатки. Разработаны архитектура и алгоритм демодуляции сигналов с ОФМ второго порядка. Приведены иллюстрирующие примеры его функционирования, показаны решённые проблемы.
Introduction. Currently, radio communication systems that employ phaseshift keying and differential phaseshift keying have high noise immunity and are widely used in radio engineering. Specialized and universal computing systems are widely employed in designing stateoftheart digital radio receivers to perform signal processing. The hardware components of such systems implement fast digital signal processing algorithms. Current signal processing algorithms with differential phaseshift keying are difficult to implement. However, they ensure potential noise immunity and are insensitive to random phase variations and random frequency shifts caused by the Doppler effect. The aim of the research is the development and study of the digital algorithm for demodulating signal with the second order differential phaseshift keying. Research methods. In order to solve the problem, we used analytical and computational methods of the signal processing theory, mathematical analysis and digital signal processing, numerical methods, computer programming and modeling methods. Mathcad framework was employed to carry out and document engineering and scientific calculations. Conclusions. A fast digital algorithm for demodulating signals with the second order differential phaseshift keying was developed. It allows to use the minimum number of simple arithmetic operations for each period of the signal being processed. Practical implications. Research outcomes can be applied to improving algorithms for demodulating signal with the second order differential phaseshift keying, applied, in particular, in the radio communication systems. For the algorithm we received a certificate of state registration No. 2019617675 in the Register of Computer Programs issued by the Federal Service for Intellectual Property of the Russian Federation. The date of state registration is June 18, 2019.
КЛАССИФИКАЦИЯ ТРАФИКА ИНТЕРНЕТА ВЕЩЕЙ ПО СТАТИСТИЧЕСКИМ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКАМ ПОТОКОВ
Authors: Бикмухамедов Р.Ф. , Надеев А.Ф. 
Published: February 2025

Количество устройств и приложений интернета вещей (Internet of Things IoT) стремительно растёт, генерируется сетевой трафик с новыми свойствами, требующими изучения. В данной работе была проведена обработка признаков для ста тысяч потоков, принадлежащих бытовым устройствам различных категорий. Для решения задачи многоклассовой классификации приложений прикладного уровня были протестированы такие алгоритмы машинного обучения, как логистическая регрессия, метод опорных векторов, решающее дерево, случайный лес, градиентный бустинг и многослойный перцептрон. Проведён анализ признаков для классификации, а также предложен новый признак множество найденных TCP флагов в потоке. Проведён сравнительный анализ алгоритмов классификации трафика IoT.
Introduction. The problem of network traffic classification is wellknown. However, literature review showed that there is a lack of computationally lightweight models for Internet of Things traffic classification that have sufficient performance for industrial applications. The aim of the research is to analyze the feasibility of developing a lightweight classifier that pays special attention to features designing. To solve the task of multiclass classification for network flows we used traffic records of one hundred thousand flows of IoT home appliances. In order to mark the flows, we employed nDPI module that showed presence of 12 different protocols within the traffic records. We proposed a new flow feature of categorical type that describes a set of TCPflag fields within a flow. In the studies we evaluated different feature sets in four scenarios. The first one used base features including quintiles, average, max and min values for packet size, transport layer payload, TCPwindows and so on. In the second scenario, we additionally considered the derivatives of packet interarrival time, whereas in the third scenario we replaced the temporal features with the previously proposed feature. The fourth scenario considers all discussed features. Besides, according to the Accuracy and F1measure metrics we carried out a comparative analysis of machine learning algorithms including Logistic Regression, Support Vector Method, Decision Tree, Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, Multilayer Perceptron. Findings of the research showed the introduced feature results in an increase in the performance of F1measure logistic regression from 98.7 to 99.5, closely approaching to more comprehensive algorithms. On the other hand, the performance of the other algorithms was not sensitive to feature set changes, showing performance over 99.8 even for the base features. At the same time, Gradient Boosting exhibited the best performance, close to 99.9 in the second scenario. The results obtained according to the Accuracy metric were quite similar to F1measure metric. Conclusions. Thus, studies outcomes proved the feasibility of developing a computationally lightweight model for IoT traffic classification with performance over 99.5 by means of applying logistic regression.
Программная система управления работой камнедробильной установки
Authors: Морохин Д.В. 
Published: February 2025

В статье представлено описание разработанной системы управления камнедробильной установкой, построенной на основе объектно ориентированного подхода. Предложен оригинальный способ конфигурирования подобных систем, отличающийся от известных большими возможностями по изменению структуры и состава установки, а также устраняющий основные недостатки существующих решений. Ключевые слова: система управления; камнедробильная установка; программируемый логический контроллер; Codesys
Introduction. Stone crushing units or plants are widely used tools for road construction. The issues of automating the operation of such tools are topical not only in terms of reducing the cost of the crushing process, increasing its productivity, but also to minimize the man influence on the performance of plants, improve working conditions, and other economic indicators. There is a need in developing specialized exchange protocols, which also need to be changed when the equipment configuration changes. The proposed system allows to avoid changing the program when reconfiguring or upgrading equipment. The aim of the work is to create an easy-to-configure and at the same time functional software system designed to control the production process of stone crushing. Findings. The developed system has wide functionality for reconfiguring when changing its configuration. The program has 4 modes: operation, setup, cancellation and stop. In the operating mode, the program starts the units in semi-automatic mode by the user under the control of the program. The cancel mode is vice versa to the operating mode. In setup mode, fully manual control is performed without program control. In stop mode, all units do not operate. In addition to this, an adaptive accident control system and logging of the main system parameters have been implemented. The result is a scalable, highly customizable stone crusher control system. Besides, an intuitive and functional user interface is also implemented. Practical significance. The developed system has been put into production.
Разработка имитационной модели смесительной установки на LABVIEW
Authors: Охоткин Г.П. , Храмов Л.Д. , Васильева Л.Н. , Чумаров С.Г. 
Published: February 2025

Разработана имитационная модель смесительной установки в виде виртуальных приборов. Виртуальный прибор системы управления представляет собой дискретный автомат, содержащий таймер, реализованный на двух структурах цикла, вложенных друг в друга, предназначенный для формирования выдержки времени работы привода мешалки. Достоверность работы моделей и алгоритмов управления смесительной установки подтверждается временными диаграммами, полученными в ходе имитационного моделирования. Модели могут быть использованы в дальнейшем для разработки программы пользователя контроллером и тестирования программы управления в реальном времени на основе имитационной модели смесителя.
Introduction. In order to develop algorithms for controlling technological processes, it is necessary to have a mathematical model of the control object. However, using different mathematical models to describe control objects can complicate algorithm design and prolong the time required for creating process control programs. To address these challenges and expedite the development of process control programs, various modeling tools such as LabVIEW can be utilized. However, existing literature lacks comprehensive coverage of the development of simulation models for technological process control objects. Therefore, the development of simulation models for technological processes is topical. The aim of this article is to develop a simulation model of a technological installation to verify the reliability of the process control algorithm. Methods include theory of differential equations, operator methods for representing dynamic processes in systems, automata theory and simulation modeling techniques for dynamic systems. Conclusions. Simulation models for the control object, mixer control system, and the entire mixing plant were developed using LabVIEW and presented as virtual instruments. The control object model belongs to continuously discrete systems, while the control system model belongs to discrete (event-driven) systems. The virtual instrument representing the control system consists of a discrete automaton that incorporates a timer implemented with two nested cycle structures. This timer is designed to introduce a time delay for the electric agitator drive. The reliability of the mixing plant models and control algorithms was confirmed through time diagrams obtained during simulation modeling. The practical significance of this research is manifested in the utilization of the developed models for future development of a controller user program and for testing a real-time control program based on the mixer simulation model.
КОМПЛЕКСНАЯ ЭКСПРЕСС-ОЦЕНКА ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ ЛЕСОВОССТАНОВЛЕНИЯ В ЛЕСАХ ЗЕЛЁНОЙ ЗОНЫ
Authors: Краснобаева С.Ю. , Карасев В.Н. , Карасева М.А. 
Published: February 2025

Проведена оценка жизненного состояния сосны обыкновенной в рекреационных лесах зелёной зоны г. Казани. По биометрическим и биоэлектрическим показателям выделены семенные деревья с высокой интенсивностью обменных процессов. Приведены показатели жизненного состояния подроста сосны обыкновенной, полученного с данных семенников, сформировавшегося после проведения котловинно-выборочных и равномерно выборочных рубок с мерами содействия естественному возобновлению.
Introduction. To save the pine gene resources of the green belt (suburb of Kazan), foresters of the Republic of Tatarstan introduced various technologies for forest restoration. The goal of the research is to assess the technologies for forest restoration in the green belt by number and live condition of undergrowth and forest plantations under forest crown cover. The considered undergrowth and forest plantations were diagnosed on morphometric and bioelectric indices. Objects and methods of research. Uneven-aged (70–150 years) wild stand of Scots pine with no natural regeneration and with a number of weakened, doted, and overmature trees was studied. At that, the share of weakened, doted, and overmature trees is constantly growing. After selection assessment, researchers of East-European Forest Experiment Station and Suburban forestry farm conducted single tree selective felling and group selective cutting in order to promote the natural regeneration with soil mineralization. To get quick assessment of the efficiency of the technology, morphometric and bioelectric indices of mother trees, undergrowth, and forest plantations under forest crown cover were specified. Results. High value of bioelectric potentials ( 185–230 mV) are typical for 70–80-year old stands with quick substance exchange. Overmature and weakened trees have low value of bioelectric potentials (66–100 mV). The undergrowth on the plots of group selection is of better physiological state in comparison with the undergrowth on the plots of single tree selection. In the case of group selection, regeneration with the undergrowth of the best and medium physiological state takes 70,5 %. On the plots of single tree selection, the general share of pine undergrowth of the best and medium physiological state is 33,5 %. The trees of the best state had 180–230 mV bioelectric potential, weakened trees - 60–80 mV. The impedance of precambial complex of tissues of pine undergrowth is better (29,1 ± 0,83 kiloohm) than the impedance of precambial complex of tissues of physiologically weakened trees ( 80–300 kiloohm). Conclusion. A comprehensive assessment of physiological state when selecting mother trees and their undergrowth made it possible to consider the system of group-selective felling with the preliminary selection of mother trees to be better technology for developing the plantations of the local undergrowth and for saving the gene resources and ecological functions of forests in the green belt of the city.
СЕЗОННЫЙ РОСТ ИНТРОДУЦЕНТОВ РОДА SORBUS (ROSACEAE) В ТАЁЖНОЙ ЗОНЕ (КАРЕЛИЯ)
Authors: Кищенко И.Т. 
Published: February 2025

Изучали сезонный рост побегов семи интродуцированных видов Sorbus L в Ботаническом саду Петрозаводского государственного университета (Южная Карелия, подзона средней тайги) в течение двух лет с мая по сентябрь. Исследованиями установлено, что время начала и кульминации прироста стеблей и листьев зависит от температурного режима воздуха. Изза погодных различий оно может изменяться по годам в пределах 13 недель. Обнаружено, что между интенсивностью прироста побегов и динамикой метеорологических факторов прослеживается положительная и довольно тесная зависимость. Из всех изученных интродуцированных видов наиболее адаптированными к району исследования являются S. аmericana и S. discolor, которые можно рекомендовать для озеленительных работ в таёжной зоне.
The article presents the results of the study performed in the Botanical Garden of Petrozavodsk State University (South Karelia, subzone of the middle taiga) in 20162017 from April to October. The objects of the study are seven introduced species: Sorbushybrida L., S. decora L., S. sibirica Hedl., S. virginiana Mill., S. americana Marsh., S. amurensis Koehne., S. discolor Maxim. The goal of the study is to examine the growth of shoots of introduced species of the Sorbus genus and their prospects in the conditions of Karelia. The growth of stems and leaves in length was measured every twothree days. The promise of introduction was evaluated by the integral method. The study has shown that the growth of stems and leaves of the Sorbus species under study begins in May. However, time differences between species can be 411 days. The time of cessation of the growth of stems and leaves of different Sorbus species differs by no more than two eight days and occurs in July. The onset and culmination of the growth of stems and leaves are determined mainly by air temperature. Therefore, they may experience weather variability within one three weeks. Between the intensity of the growth of stems and leaves, on the one hand, and the dynamics of temperature and humidity, precipitation and solar radiation, on the other hand, there is usually a positive and rather noticeable relationship. Сonclusion. The most adapted ones to the study area among all the introduced Sorbus species are S. americana and S. discolor, they can be recommended for planting works.
БИОКАТАЛИТИЧЕСКАЯ МОДИФИКАЦИЯ КУКУРУЗНОГО КРАХМАЛА ДЛЯ УЛУЧШЕНИЯ ФИЗИКО-МЕХАНИЧЕСКИХ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК КАРТОНА
Authors: Михайлова О.С. , Крякунова Е.В. , Канарский А.В. , Казаков Я.В. , Романова А.Н. , Житнюк В.А. 
Published: February 2025

Процесс производства бумаги и картона наряду с совершенствованием его аппаратурного оформления во многом зависит от правильного применения связующих и проклеивающих веществ, в частности, нативного и модифицированного крахмала. Для оптимального повышения деформационных свойств бумаги и картона необходимо превратить амилопектин крахмала в линейные полимеры, ответственные за образование поперечных сшивок между волокнами целлюлозы. Введение в крахмальный клейстер ферментного препарата пуллуланаза позволяет увеличить процентное содержание линейных биополимеров в крахмале, что позволяет повысить структурную жёсткость картона за счёт образования поперечных сшивок между отдельными целлюлозными волокнами.
Introduction. In recent years in connection with the expansion of paper and cardboard production, the requirements for physical and mechanical properties of these materials have increased due to the conditions of their production and applying. However, the strength of cellulosebased fibrous materials is significantly less than the strength of the fibers from which they are made, since the bonds between the single cellulose fibers in paper and cardboard are weak. The surface treatment of paper and cardboard with starch containing a lot of linear polymers will increase the deformation properties of these materials, because these polymers can penetrate into the structure of paper and cardboard, fill the interfiber space and form a greater amount of hydrogen bonds among the single cellulose fibers. The goal of this study was to determine the effect of amylose and other linear polymers amount in the corn starch on the cardboard physical and mechanical properties. Starch paste containing dry matter in an amount of 2 with the added enzyme preparations was incubated for 3 hours at a temperature of 50 C with constant stirring. Then, the starch paste was applied to the cardboard surface and dried by the convective method. Determination of the deformation properties of materials was carried out with obtaining of the loadelongation indicator diagram and the stressstrain dependence diagram. It is known that the percentage of amylose in corn starch is small. However, a threehour treatment of starch paste with the pullulanase enzyme allows to increase the content of amylose and other linear polymers in the paste in 3 times. It is possible to conclude that the effect of corn starch enzymatic treatment on the cardboard deformation properties are interrelated with the content of linear polymers in the chemical composition of starch. These linear polymers are responsible for the formation of additional crosslinks among cellulose fibers. Starch paste treatment with the pullulanase allows to increase the percentage of linear biopolymers in the starch and to obtain a cardboard with the increased structural rigidity both in the longitudinal and transverse fiber directions.