bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Z‐transform and its application to development of scientific simulation algorithms
Authors: Fazarinc Zvonko 
Published: May 2010

AbstractEngineers and educators find in computer simulations a powerful substitute for inability of calculus to produce closed form solutions to modern problems. But the validity of quasi‐closed‐form solutions produced by computers remains suspect. While no magic test exists, pieces of algorithms can individually be examined by the Z‐transform [E. I. Jury, Sampled‐data control systems, John Wiley & Sons, 1958]. Two examples from engineering and three from education are presented. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 21: 75–88, 2013
Two‐photon absorption circular‐linear dichroism on axial enantiomers
Authors: Toro Carlos , De Boni Leonardo , Lin Na , Santoro Fabrizio , Rizzo Antonio , Hernandez Florencio E. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractWe report on the experimental‐theoretical analysis of degenerated two‐photon absorption circular‐linear dichroism (2PA‐CLD) in (S)‐(−)‐1,1′‐bi(2‐naphthol) and (R)‐(+)‐1,1′‐bi(2‐naphthol) dissolved in THF. 2PA‐CLD reveals similarities and differences between optical polarization states for the different enantiomers. These results unveil the potential applications of 2PA‐CLD for the study and identification of chiral molecules with active and pivotal role in biological systems and the systematic design of chiral photonic structures. Chirality, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Applications of the Cartesian coordinate tensor transfer technique in the simulations of vibrational circular dichroism spectra of oligonucleotides
Authors: Andrushchenko Valery , Bouř Petr 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe application of the Cartesian coordinate tensor transfer (CCT) technique for simulations of the IR absorption and vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectra of relatively large nucleic acid fragments is demonstrated on several case studies. The approach is based on direct ab initio calculations of atomic tensors, determining molecular properties, for relatively small fragments, and subsequent transfer of these tensors to the larger systems in Cartesian coordinates. This procedure enables precise computations of vibrational spectra for large biomolecular systems, currently with up to several thousands of atoms. The versatile ability of the CCT methods is emphasized on the examples of VCD and IR absorption spectra calculations for B‐ and Z‐forms of DNA, single‐, double‐, and triple‐stranded RNA helices and DNA structures with different base content and sequences. The development and recent improvements of the methodology are followed, including utilization of the constrained normal mode optimization (NMO) strategy and combined quantum mechanics and molecular dynamics simulations. Advantages, drawbacks, and recommendations for future improvements of the CCT method as applied to nucleic acid spectra calculations are discussed. Chirality, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Improved survival in patients with early stage low‐grade follicular lymphoma treated with radiation
Authors: Pugh Thomas J. , Ballonoff Ari , Newman Francis , Rabinovitch Rachel 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:External beam radiation therapy (RT) is the standard treatment for stage I‐II, grade 1‐2 follicular lymphoma. Because of an indolent natural history, some advocate alternative management strategies, including watchful waiting for this disease. The relative improvement in outcomes for patients treated with and without RT has never been tested in randomized trials.METHODS:The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database was queried for adult patients with stage I‐II, grade 1‐2 follicular lymphoma diagnosed from 1973 to 2004. Retrievable patient data included age, sex, race, stage, extranodal disease, and treatment with RT within the first year after diagnosis. Actuarial overall survival (OS) and disease‐specific survival (DSS) were analyzed.RESULTS:A total of 6568 patients were identified. DSS at 5, 10, 15, and 20 years in the RT group was 90%, 79%, 68%, and 63% versus 81%, 66%, 57%, and 51% in the no RT group (hazard ratio [HR], 0.61; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.55‐0.68;P< .0001). OS at 5, 10, 15, and 20 years in the RT group was 81%, 62%, 45%, and 35% versus 71%, 48%, 34%, and 23% in patients not receiving RT (HR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.63‐0.73;P< .0001). On multivariate analysis, upfront RT remained independently associated with improved DSS (P< .0001, Cox HR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.57‐0.72) and OS (P< .0001; Cox HR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.67‐0.79). Lymphoma was the most common cause of death (52%). Only 34% of patients received upfront RT.CONCLUSIONS:Upfront RT was associated with improved DSS and OS compared with alternate management approaches, a benefit that persisted over time. This benefit suggests that watchful waiting with administration of salvage therapies on progression/relapse do not compensate for inadequate initial definitive treatment. Although it is the standard of care for this disease, RT for early stage low‐grade follicular lymphoma is greatly underused in the US population; increased use of upfront RT could prevent thousands of deaths from lymphoma in these patients. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Germ cell‐specific heat shock protein 70‐2 is expressed in cervical carcinoma and is involved in the growth, migration, and invasion of cervical cells
Authors: Garg Manoj , Kanojia Deepika , Saini Shikha , Suri Sushma , Gupta Anju , Surolia Avadhesha , Suri Anil 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Cervical cancer is a major cause of death among women worldwide, and the most cases are reported in the least developed countries. Recently, a study on DNA microarray gene expression analysis demonstrated the overexpression of heat shock protein 70‐2 (HSP70‐2) in cervical carcinoma cells (HeLa). The objective of the current study was to evaluate the association between HSP70‐2 expression in cervical carcinogenesis and its potential role in various malignant properties that result in disease progression.METHODS:HSP70‐2 expression was examined in various cervical cancer cell lines with different origins and in clinical cervical cancer specimens by reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR), flow cytometry, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) analyses. A plasmid‐based, short‐hairpin RNA approach was used specifically to knock down the expression of HSP70‐2 in cervical tumor cells in vitro and in vivo to examine the role of HSP70‐2 on various malignant properties.RESULTS:RT‐PCR and IHC analyses revealed HSP70‐2 expression in 86% of cervical cancer specimens. Furthermore, knockdown of HSP70‐2 expression significantly reduced cellular growth, colony formation, migration, and invasion in vitro and reduced tumor growth in vivo. A significant association of HSP70‐2 gene and protein expression was observed among the various tumor stages (P = .046) and different grades (P = .006), suggesting that HSP70‐2 expression may be an indicator of disease progression.CONCLUSIONS:The current findings suggested that HSP70‐2 may play an important role in disease progression in cervical carcinogenesis. Patients who had early stage disease and low‐grade tumors had HSP70‐2 expression, supporting its potential role in early detection and aggressive treatment modalities for cervical cancer management. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Outcome of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome after failure of decitabine therapy
Authors: Jabbour Elias , Garcia‐Manero Guillermo , Batty Nicolas , Shan Jenny , O'Brien Susan , Cortes Jorge , Ravandi Farhad , Issa Jean‐Pierre , Kantarjian Hagop 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:The prognosis of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) after decitabine failure is not known.METHODS:Data from 87 patients with MDS (n = 67) and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (n = .20) after failure of decitabine regimens were reviewed.RESULTS:After a median follow‐up of 21 months from decitabine failure, 13 (15%) patients remained alive; the median survival was 4.3 months, and the estimated 12‐month survival rate was 28%. The estimated 12‐month survival rates were 27%, 33%, and 33%, respectively, for patients with high‐risk, intermediate‐2‐risk, and intermediate‐1‐risk disease (P = .99) by the International Prognostic Scoring System. The estimated 12‐month survival rates were 100%, 54%, 41%, and 18%, respectively, for patients with low‐risk, intermediate‐1‐risk, intermediate‐2‐risk, and high‐risk disease according to The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center risk model (P = .01).CONCLUSIONS:The outcome of patients after decitabine failure is poor and appears to be predictable after decitabine failure. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Theoretical Investigation on the Origin of Yellow‐Green Firefly Bioluminescence by Time‐Dependent Density Functional Theory
Authors: Min Chun‐Gang , Ren Ai‐Min , Guo Jing‐Fu , Zou Lu‐Yi , Goddard John D. , Sun Chia‐Chung 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe question whether the emitter of yellow‐green firefly bioluminescence is the enol or keto‐constrained form of oxyluciferin (OxyLH2) still has no definitive answer from experiment or theory. In this study, Arg220, His247, adenosine monophosphate (AMP), Water324, Phe249, Gly343, and Ser349, which make the dominant contributions to color tuning of the fluorescence, are selected to simulate the luciferase (Luc) environment and thus elucidate the origin of firefly bioluminescence. Their respective and compositive effects on OxyLH2 are considered and the electronic absorption and emission spectra are investigated with B3LYP, B3PW91, and PBE1KCIS methods. Comparing the respective effects in the gas and aqueous phases revealed that the emission transition is prohibited in the gas phase but allowed in the aqueous phase. For the compositive effects, the optimized geometry shows that OxyLH2 exists in the keto(−1) form when Arg220, His247, AMP, Water324, Phe249, Gly343, and Ser349 are all included in the model. Furthermore, the emission maximum wavelength of keto(−1)+Arg+His+AMP+H2O+Phe+Gly+Ser is close to the experimental value (560 nm). We conclude that the keto(−1) form of OxyLH2 is a possible emitter which can produce yellow‐green bioluminescence because of the compositive effects of Arg220, His247, AMP, Water324, Phe249, Gly343, and Ser349 in the luciferase environment. Moreover, AMP may be involved in enolization of the keto(−1) form of OxyLH2. Water324 is indispensable with respect to the environmental factors around luciferin (LH2).
The complexity of partition tasks
Authors: Eesponda Fernando , Vera‐Cruz Matías , Tarrasó Jorge , Morales Marco 
Published: May 2010

AbstractIn this article, we introduce the partition task problem class along with a complexity measure to evaluate its instances and a performance measure to quantify the ability of a system to solve them. We explore, via simulations, some potential applications of these concepts and present some results as examples that highlight their usefulness in policy design scenarios, where the optimal number of elements in a partition or the optimal size of the elements in a partition must be determined. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity 16: 56–64, 2010
Oxidative Depolymerization of Lignin in Ionic Liquids
Authors: Stärk Kerstin , Taccardi Nicola , Bösmann Andreas , Wasserscheid Peter 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBeech lignin was oxidatively cleaved in ionic liquids to give phenols, unsaturated propylaromatics, and aromatic aldehydes. A multiparallel batch reactor system was used to screen different ionic liquids and metal catalysts. Mn(NO3)2 in 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate [EMIM][CF3SO3] proved to be the most effective reaction system. A larger scale batch reaction with this system in a 300 mL autoclave (11 g lignin starting material) resulted in a maximum conversion of 66.3 % (24 h at 100 °C, 84×105 Pa air). By adjusting the reaction conditions and catalyst loading, the selectivity of the process could be shifted from syringaldehyde as the predominant product to 2,6‐dimethoxy‐1,4‐benzoquinone (DMBQ). Surprisingly, the latter could be isolated as a pure substance in 11.5 wt % overall yield by a simple extraction/crystallization process.
Direct space vector PWM strategy for matrix converters with reduced number of switching transitions
Authors: Tadano Yugo , Hamada Shizunori , Urushibata Shota , Nomura Masakatsu , Sato Yukihiko , Ishida Muneaki 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThis paper proposes a novel “Direct Space Vector PWM (Direct SVPWM)” strategy based on the direct AC/AC conversion approach for three‐phase to three‐phase matrix converters. This method allows the sinusoidal input and output waveforms as a major premise, and gives top priority to the improvement of output control performance in motor drive applications, such as providing maximum riding comfort in elevators, etc. Output voltage harmonics, switching losses, and common‐mode voltages can be reduced across the entire voltage region. In addition, the switching count can be reduced even further by fully utilizing the output current detection value. Direct space vectors are first defined, and the method of selecting space vectors is described. Next, the PWM duty calculation technique is explained. Finally, the validity of the proposed method is demonstrated by comparison with the conventional virtual indirect method based on experimental and analytical results. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 172(3): 52–63, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20953
Importance of TLR2 in the direct response of T lymphocytes to Schistosoma mansoni antigens
Authors: Burton Oliver T. , Gibbs Sarah , Miller Nigel , Jones Frances M. , Wen Li , Dunne David W. , Cooke Anne , Zaccone Paola 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe immunomodulatory effect of Schistosoma mansoni antigens has often been attributed to interaction with PRR expressed on APC. Our previous work has shown that S. mansoni‐soluble egg antigen (SEA) can induce, together with a Th2 response, TGF‐β‐dependent Foxp3 expression in naïve CD4+ T cells from NOD mice. We found that SEA can directly upregulate the expression of surface‐bound TGF‐β in purified CD4+ T cells in the absence of accessory cell interactions. In this study, we show that the C‐type lectin receptors DEC‐205 and galectin‐3 were involved in the direct interaction between S. mansoni antigens and CD4+ T cells. SEA was able to enhance CD4+ T‐cell secretion of bioactive TGF‐β in response to TLR2 ligand stimulation, in the absence of APC. We also show that TLR2 expressed on CD4+ T cells was important for the Foxp3 expression induced by SEA.
(GTI‐tcbiomass) life‐cycle assessment of the BTO®‐process (biomass‐to‐oil) with combined heat and power generation
Authors: Faix Axel , Schweinle Jörg , Schöll Stefan , Becker Gero , Meier Dietrich 
Published: May 2010

AbstractA life cycle assessment study of the biomass‐to‐oil (BTO®) process based on the fast ablative pyrolysis of wood chips from forest residues has been performed. The planned system consists of eight pyrolyzers with a throughput of 6 tpd each. The bio‐oil will be burnt in eight modified diesel engines with a capacity of 315 kWhel each. The results were compared with a reference system (fossil diesel‐fueled CHP). The comparison is made for the production of 1 kWh of electrical energy (kWhel) and shows significant differences for global warming potential (GWP100: −87.7%), eutrophication potential (EP: +23.2%), acidification potential (AP: −44.6%), photochemical ozone creation potential (POCP: −63.6%), and ozone depletion potential (ODP: −92.4%). The results of the BTO‐CHP‐system show lower environmental impact values in all environmental impact categories except for the EP‐value, which exceeds the reference due to the application of bio‐oil additives derived from agricultural production. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2010
Two New Acylated Tridesmosidic Saponins from Astragalus armatus
Authors: Semmar Nabil , Tomofumi Miyamoto , Mrabet Yassine , Lacaille‐Dubois Marie‐Aleth 
Published: May 2010

AbstractTwo new tridesmosidic glycosides of (3β,6α,16β,20R,24S)‐20,24‐epoxycycloartane‐3,6,16,25‐tetrol (=cycloastragenol), armatosides I and II (1 and 2, resp.), were isolated from the roots of Astragalus armatus (Fabaceae) as well as the known bidesmosidic glycosides of cycloastragenol, trigonoside II (3) and trojanoside H (4). Their structures were elucidated as (3β,6α,16β,20R,24S)‐3‐O‐(2,3‐di‐O‐acetyl‐β‐D‐xylopyranosyl)‐20,24‐epoxy‐25‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐6‐O‐β‐D‐xylopyranosylcycloartane‐3,6,16,25‐tetrol (1), and (3β,6α,16β,20R,24S)‐3‐O‐(2‐O‐acetyl‐β‐D‐xylopyranosyl)‐20,24‐epoxy‐25‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐6‐O‐β‐D‐xylopyranosylcycloartane‐3,6,16,25‐tetrol (2). These structures were established by extensive NMR and MS analyses and by comparison with literature data.
A Novel One‐Pot Synthesis of Substituted Quinolines
Authors: Sabbaghan Maryam , Yavari Issa , Hossaini Zinatossadat , Souri Sanaz 
Published: May 2010

AbstractA synthesis of quinoline derivatives is described via reaction between ethyl bromopyruvate (=ethyl 3‐bromo‐2‐oxopropanoate), acetylenedicarboxylate, and isatin (=1H‐indole‐2,3‐dione) in the presence of NaH as a base. Also, these reactions were performed without ethyl bromopyruvate. The reaction in the presence of ethyl bromopyruvate provides regioselectively a quinoline with the ethyl ester group in 4‐position. In the absence of ethyl bromopyruvate, the reaction leads to functionalized quinolines with the same ester groups in 2‐, 3‐, and 4‐positions.
Litseaglutinan A and Lignans from Litsea glutinosa
Authors: Pan Jian‐Yu , Zhang Si , Wu Jun , Li Qing‐Xin , Xiao Zhi‐Hui 
Published: May 2010

AbstractA new abscisic acid derivative, named litseaglutinan A (1), and a new arylnaphthalene‐type lignan, (7′S,8R,8′S)‐4,4′,9‐trihydroxy‐3,3′,5‐trimethoxy‐9′‐O‐β‐D‐xylopyranosyl‐2,7′‐cyclolignan (2), were isolated from the AcOEt extract of Litsea glutinosa, together with nine known lignans. Their structures were established by spectroscopic methods.
New Pentacyclic Cucurbitane Glucosides from the Fruits of Citrullus colocynthisSchrad.
Authors: Nayab Durey , Perveen Shagufta , Ahmed Zaheer , Malik Abdul 
Published: May 2010

AbstractColocynthins A–C (1–3, resp.), new pentacyclic cucurbitane type triterpene glucosides, have been isolated from the AcOEt‐soluble fraction of the fruits of Citrullus colocynthis, along with three known compounds, β‐sitosterol 3‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside, elaterinide, and bryoamaride. Their structures were determined on the basis of 1H‐ and 13C‐NMR spectra, DEPT, and COSY, NOESY, HMQC, and HMBC experiments.
Two Novel Sesquiterpenoids from the Roots of Ferula ferulaeoides (Steud.) Korov.
Authors: Hu Yue , Li Xiao‐Dong , Li Guo‐Yu , Li Ning , Zuo Wen‐Jian , Zeng Yi‐Mei , Meng He , Li Xian , Wang Jin‐Hui 
Published: May 2010

AbstractTwo new sesquiterpenoids, ferulactones A and B (1 and 2, resp.), have been isolated from the roots of Ferula ferulaeoides (Steud.) Korov. Their structures and relative configurations were established by analysis of spectroscopic data. Their absolute configuration was assigned by application of the CD technique.
Formation of 6‐Methyl‐7,11‐diphenylheptaleno[1,2‐c]furanones
Authors: Jin Xudong , Linden Anthony , Hansen Hans‐Jürgen 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe dehydrogenation reaction of a mixture of heptalene‐1,2‐ and heptalene‐4,5‐dimethanols 4a and 4b with basic MnO2 in AcOEt at room temperature led to the formation of the corresponding heptaleno[1,2‐c]furan‐1‐one 6a and heptaleno[1,2‐c]furan‐3‐one 7a (Scheme 2). Both products can be isolated by chromatography on silica gel. The methylenation of the furan‐3‐one 7a with 1 mol‐equiv. of Tebbe's reagent at −25 to −30° afforded the 2‐isopropenyl‐5‐methylheptalene‐1‐methanol 9a, instead of the expected 3,6‐dimethylheptaleno[1,2‐c]furan 8 (Scheme 3). Also, the treatment of 7a with Takai's reagent did not lead to the formation of 8. On standing in solution at room temperature, or more rapidly on heating at 60°, heptalene 9a undergoes a reversible double‐bond shift (DBS) to 9b with an equilibrium ratio of 1 : 1.
Effects of chronic estrogen treatment on modulating age-related bone loss in female mice
Authors: Syed Farhan A , Mödder Ulrike IL , Roforth Matthew , Hensen Ira , Fraser Daniel G , Peterson James M , Oursler Merry Jo , Khosla Sundeep 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
While female mice do not have the equivalent of a menopause, they do undergo reproductive senescence. Thus, to dissociate the effects of aging versus estrogen deficiency on age-related bone loss, we sham-operated, ovariectomized, or ovariectomized and estrogen-replaced female C57/BL6 mice at 6 months of age and followed them to age 18 to 22 months. Lumbar spines and femurs were excised for analysis, and bone marrow hematopoietic lineage negative (lin–) cells (enriched for osteoprogenitor cells) were isolated for gene expression studies. Six-month-old intact control mice were euthanized to define baseline parameters. Compared with young mice, aged/sham-operated mice had a 42% reduction in lumbar spine bone volume/total volume (BV/TV), and maintaining constant estrogen levels over life in ovariectomized/estrogen-treated mice did not prevent age-related trabecular bone loss at this site. By contrast, lifelong estrogen treatment of ovariectomized mice completely prevented the age-related reduction in cortical volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) and thickness at the tibial diaphysis present in the aged/sham-operated mice. As compared with cells from young mice, lin– cells from aged/sham-operated mice expressed significantly higher mRNA levels for osteoblast differentiation and proliferation marker genes. These data thus demonstrate that, in mice, age-related loss of cortical bone in the appendicular skeleton, but not loss of trabecular bone in the spine, can be prevented by maintaining constant estrogen levels over life. The observed increase in osteoblastic differentiation and proliferation marker gene expression in progenitor bone marrow cells from aged versus young mice may represent a compensatory mechanism in response to ongoing bone loss. © 2010 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.