bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New source model for the 1771 Meiwa tsunami along the southern Ryukyu Trench inferred from high-resolution tsunami calculation
Authors: Nakata Koki , Goto Kazuhisa , Yanagisawa Hideaki 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe 1771 Meiwa tsunami which struck the southern Ryukyu Islands (Sakishima Islands) had greater than 22 m run-up height, leaving about 12,000 casualties in its wake. At many places, the tsunami inundation or lack of inundation is well recorded in historical documents. Several tsunami source models have been proposed for this event using historical records as constraints of tsunami calculations. Nevertheless, the source model remains under discussion. This study re-evaluated the tsunami wave source model of the 1771 Meiwa tsunami using high-resolution (10 m mesh) bathymetric and topographical data for tsunami calculation, the latest historical record dataset, and seismological knowledge. Results demonstrated that a tsunami earthquake along the southern Ryukyu Trench was the likely cause of the 1771 event. However, it is noteworthy that assumption of a large slip with 30 m is necessary for a shallow and narrow region (fault depth = 5 km, fault width = 30 km, Mw = 8.49) of the plate boundary in the Ryukyu Trench, which is far larger than previously thought. This requirement of very large initial water level change at the source might involve not only the fault rupture along the plate boundary but also deformation by splay faults, inelastic deformation of unconsolidated sediments near the trench axis, and/or giant submarine landslides. Results also show that the effects of fault parameters on the run-up were quite different depending on the offshore coral reef width. This phenomenon strongly constrained the fault width to 30 km. Our tsunami ray tracing analysis further revealed the effects of bathymetry on tsunami propagation. It is noteworthy that meter-long huge tsunami boulders tend to be distributed along the specific coasts at which the tsunami was concentrated by bathymetric effects. This finding suggests that past tsunamis, including the 1771 event, might have affected the specific coral reefs on Sakishima Islands repeatedly, which is crucially important for understanding the heterogeneous distribution of tsunami boulders. This feature might also be useful to elucidate the effects of large tsunamis on the corals and reefs because a direct comparison of coral reefs that are damaged and not damaged by tsunami waves is testable in narrow areas in the case of the Sakishima Islands.
Citrate-based dietary alkali supplements available in Germany: an overview
Authors: Storz Maximilian Andreas , Ronco Alvaro Luis 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Fruits and vegetables are abundant in alkali precursors and effectively reduce the Potential Renal Acid Load (PRAL) from diet. Oral alkali supplements are supposed to exert comparable alkalizing effects on the human body, and have been shown to beneficially affect bone and kidney health. A comparative analysis of the available dietary alkali supplements in Germany was performed, contrasting their potential PRAL-lowering potential.

Methods
We reviewed the currently available dietary citrate-based alkali supplements sold in Germany with a special focus on their mineral content, their PRAL-lowering potential and other characteristics inherent to each product. Supplements containing either potassium-, calcium- or magnesium citrate or any combination of these organic salts were reviewed. The total alkali load (TAL) was calculated based on the recommended daily dosage (RDD).

Results
Sixteen supplements with a mean alkali powder content of 220.69 ± 111.02 g were identified. The mean magnesium content per RDD was 239.93 ± 109.16 mg. The mean potassium and median calcium content were 550 ± 325.58 mg and 280 (240) mg, respectively. Median TAL was 1220 (328.75) mg. The PRAL-lowering potential from a single RDD ranged from − 51.65 mEq to -8.32 mEq. Substantial price differences were found, and the mean price of the examined supplements was 16.67 ± 5.77 Euros. The median price for a 1 mEq PRAL-reduction was 3.01 (3.14) cents, and ranged from 0.77 cents to 10.82 cents.

Conclusions
Noticeable differences between the identified alkali supplements were encountered, warranting an individual and context-specific approach in daily clinical practice.
Association between tenofovir plasma trough concentrations in the early stage of administration and discontinuation of up to five years tenofovir disoproxil fumarate due to renal function-related adverse events in Japanese HIV-1 infected patients
Authors: Yagura Hiroki , Watanabe Dai , Nakauchi Takao , Kushida Hiroyuki , Hirota Kazuyuki , Nishida Yasuharu , Yoshino Munehiro , Uehira Tomoko , Shirasaka Takuma 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
The relationship between plasma tenofovir (TFV) concentration at the beginning of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) administration and the development of renal dysfunction during long-term administration of TDF has not been demonstrated yet. The objective of the present study was to determine whether plasma TFV trough concentrations during early TDF administration could serve as an indicator of renal dysfunction when TDF is administered for long periods.

Methods
We included 149 HIV-1 infected Japanese patients who were prescribed TDF. We investigated the relationship between plasma TFV trough concentrations and the rate of discontinuation due to the development of renal dysfunction for up to five years after the start of TDF administration. We also examined how the decrease in renal function over time due to TDF administration was related to factors associated with high TFV levels and plasma TFV trough concentrations.

Results
The median TFV trough concentration in the TDF discontinuation group was 88 ng/mL, which was significantly higher (p = 0.0041), than that in the continuation group (72 ng/mL). Further, using an ROC curve, the cut-off value for TFV trough concentration at which TDF discontinuation was significantly high was found to be 98 ng/mL. Logistic multivariate analysis of factors associated with discontinuation of TDF due to renal function-related adverse events showed that being ≥ 50 years old (OR = 2.96; 95% CI, 1.01–8.64), having eGFR < 80 mL/min/1.73m2 at the start of TDF administration (OR = 5.51; 95% CI, 1.83–17.5), and TFV trough concentration ≥ 98 ng/mL (OR = 2.96; 95% CI, 1.16–7.60) were independent factors.

Conclusions
The results suggested that the importance of measuring TFV concentrations to evaluate the risk of developing renal function-related adverse events during long-term TDF administration.
Plyometric Jump Training Effects on Maximal Strength in Soccer Players: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis of Randomized-Controlled Studies
Authors: Sanchez-Sanchez Javier , Rodriguez-Fernandez Alejandro , Granacher Urs , Afonso José , Ramirez-Campillo Rodrigo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Maximal strength may contribute to soccer players’ performance. Several resistance training modalities offer the potential to improve maximal strength. During recent years, a large number of plyometric jump training (PJT) studies showed evidence for maximal strength improvements in soccer players. However, a comprehensive summary of the available data is lacking.

Objective
To examine the effects of PJT compared with active, passive or intervention controls on the maximal strength of soccer players, irrespective of age, sex or competitive level.

Methods
To perform a systematic review with meta-analysis following PRISMA 2020. Three electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and SCOPUS) were systematically searched. Studies published from inception until March 2023 were included. A PICOS approach was used to rate studies for eligibility. The PEDro scale was used to assess risk of bias. Meta-analyses were performed using the DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model if ≥ 3 studies were available. Moderator and sensitivity analyses were performed, and meta-regression was conducted when ≥ 10 studies were available for a given comparison. We rated the certainty of evidence using GRADE.

Results
The search identified 13,029 documents, and from these 30 studies were eligible for the systematic review, and 27 for the meta-analyses. Overall, 1,274 soccer players aged 10.7–25.0 years participated in the included studies. Only one study recruited females. The PJT interventions lasted between 5 and 40 weeks (median = 8 weeks), with 1–3 weekly sessions. Compared to controls, PJT improved maximal dynamic strength (18 studies, 632 participants [7 females], aged 12.7–24.5 y; effect size [ES] = 0.43, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.08–0.78, p = 0.017, impact of statistical heterogeneity [I2] = 77.9%), isometric strength (7 studies; 245 participants, males, aged 11.1–22.5 y; ES = 0.58, 95% CI = 0.28–0.87, p < 0.001, I2 = 17.7%), and isokinetic peak torque (5 studies; 183 participants, males, aged 12.6–25.0 y; ES = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.22–0.80, p = 0.001, I2 = 0.0%). The PJT-induced maximal dynamic strength changes were independent of participants’ age (median = 18.0 y), weeks of intervention (median = 8 weeks), and total number of training sessions (median = 16 sessions). The certainty of evidence was considered low to very low for the main analyses.

Conclusions
Interventions involving PJT are more effective to improve maximal strength in soccer players compared to control conditions involving traditional sport-specific training.
Trial Registration The trial registration protocol was published on the Open Science Framework (OSF) platform in December 2022, with the following links to the project (https://osf.io/rpxjk) and to the registration (https://osf.io/3ruyj).
Frailty concept in Africa neurosurgical practice: a prospective review
Authors: Alare Kehinde , Jagunmolu Habiblah , Adewuyi Esther , Oluwafemi Taiwo , Olaniyi Peter , Amuzat Precious 
Published: May 2024

AbstractNeurosurgical management of older patients is very complex and delicate; efforts are being made in identifying groups of older patients at risk of poor surgical outcomes before the surgery, making frailty an important concept in risk Identification and postoperative outcome assessment of older patients in the ever-changing neurosurgical world. It's of great importance for the concept of frailty to be adopted in Africa's neurosurgical practice in other to optimize the outcomes and improve the efficiency of neurosurgery in the older patients whose population is expanding, forming a great quota of people using neurosurgical services in Africa. This article looks into the importance and challenges of frailty studies in African neurosurgical practice which mainly are the longer length of time in carrying out such studies; reduces manpower, lack of availability of specialized equipment in standardizing the assessment, and others; makes recommendations on ways to ease its adoption such as funding frailty research and creation of population-specific frailty assessment tools among others.
In vitro comparison of the leakage of carbon dioxide and iodine contrast media in a bleeding model
Authors: Kitamura Ryoichi , Yoshida Kazuhiro , Maruhashi Takaaki , Tamura Satoshi , Kurihara Yutaro , Suzuki Koyo , Asari Yasushi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
We aimed to compare the hydrodynamic values of carbon dioxide (CO2) and iodine contrast media for bleeding detection using an in vitro model.

Materials and methods
We created a bleeding model with large and small wounds in simulated blood vessels. We connected a syringe to the bleeding model and the blood pressure transducer, filling the circuit with CO2 and iodine contrast media. The syringe’s piston was pressed, and the flow rate and intravascular pressure of the CO2 and iodine contrast media leaking from the bleeding model were measured. We compared each leaked contrast medium’s volume, sphere-equivalent diameter, and sphere-equivalent area. These values were analyzed to compare the visibility of the leakage objectively.

Results
At a constant flow rate, the intravascular pressure required for the model to leak was lower for the CO2 than that for the iodine contrast medium. The CO2 contrast medium leakage volume, equivalent circle diameter, and equivalent circle area were greater than those of the iodine one. These values indicate higher CO2 visibility during fluoroscopy.

Conclusions
In the bleeding model, a CO2 contrast medium may be more prone to leakage than the iodine one in large and small wounds. Regarding visibility, a CO2 contrast medium may be more likely to detect leakage than an iodine one.
Genetic-driven biomarkers for liver fibrosis through bioinformatic approach
Authors: Paulina Ariza Julia , Mutiara Y. Vitriyanna , Irham Lalu Muhammad , Darmawi Darmawi , Qiyaam Nurul , Firdayani Firdayani , Pitaloka Dian Ayu Eka , Arfianti Arfianti , Adikusuma Wirawan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Liver fibrosis is a widespread chronic liver ailment linked to substantial mortality and limited therapeutic options. An in-depth comprehension of the genetic underpinnings of liver fibrogenesis is crucial for the development of effective management and treatment approaches.

Results
Using bioinformatics tools and the DisGeNET database, we pinpointed 105 genes significantly linked to liver fibrosis. Subsequently, we conducted functional assessments, incorporating gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis, and the STRING database, to construct protein–protein interaction networks (PPI) for these 105 liver fibrosis-associated genes. These analyses were executed via the WebGestalt 2019 online platform. We employed Cytoscape plugins, MCODE, and CytoHubba, to identify potential biomarker genes from these functional networks. Noteworthy hub genes encompassed TGF-β1, MMP2, CTNNB1, FGF2, IL6, LOX, CTGF, SMAD3, ALB, and VEGFA. TGF-β1 and MMP-2 exhibited substantial promise as liver fibrosis biomarkers, as denoted by their high systemic scores determined through the MCC algorithm in the CytoHubba methodology.

Conclusions
In summary, this study presents a robust genetic biomarker strategy that may prove invaluable in the identification of potential liver fibrosis biomarkers.
Decoding bovine coronavirus immune targets: an epitope informatics approach
Authors: Rani Swati , Khatoon Mehnaj , Hiremath Jagadish , Suresh Kuralayanapalya Puttahonnappa , Anandakumar Jayashree , Barman Nagendra Nath , Manjunath Sheethal , S Yamini Sri , Patil Sharanagouda S. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBovine coronavirus (BCoV) poses a significant threat to the global cattle industry, causing both respiratory and gastrointestinal infections in cattle populations. This necessitates the development of efficacious vaccines. While several inactivated and live BCoV vaccines exist, they are predominantly limited to calves. The immunization of adult cattle is imperative for BCoV infection control, as it curtails viral transmission to calves and ameliorates the impact of enteric and respiratory ailments across all age groups within the herd. This study presents an in silico methodology for devising a multiepitope vaccine targeting BCoV. The spike glycoprotein (S) and nucleocapsid (N) proteins, which are integral elements of the BCoV structure, play pivotal roles in the viral infection cycle and immune response. We constructed a remarkably effective multiepitope vaccine candidate specifically designed to combat the BCoV population. Using immunoinformatics technology, B-cell and T-cell epitopes were predicted and linked together using linkers and adjuvants to efficiently trigger both cellular and humoral immune responses in cattle. The in silico construct was characterized, and assessment of its physicochemical properties revealed the formation of a stable vaccine construct. After 3D modeling of the vaccine construct, molecular docking revealed a stable interaction with the bovine receptor bTLR4. Moreover, the viability of the vaccine’s high expression and simple purification was demonstrated by codon optimization and in silico cloning expression into the pET28a (+) vector. By applying immunoinformatics approaches, researchers aim to better understand the immune response to bovine coronavirus, discover potential targets for intervention, and facilitate the development of diagnostic tools and vaccines to mitigate the impact of this virus on cattle health and the livestock industry. We anticipate that the design will be useful as a preventive treatment for BCoV sickness in cattle, opening the door for further laboratory studies.
Toward innovative veterinary nanoparticle vaccines
Authors: Sun Meiqi , Pratama Aldryan Cristianto , Qiu He , Liu Zehui , He Fang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractNanoparticles are significant for veterinary vaccine development because they are safer and more effective than conventional formulations. One promising area of research involves self-assembled protein nanoparticles (SAPNs), which have shown potential for enhancing antigen-presenting cell uptake, B-cell activation, and lymph node trafficking. Numerous nanovaccines have been utilized in veterinary medicine, including natural self-assembled protein nanoparticles, rationally designed self-assembled protein nanoparticles, animal virus-derived nanoparticles, bacteriophage-derived nanoparticles, and plant-derived nanoparticles, which will be discussed in this review. SAPN vaccines can produce robust cellular and humoral immune responses and have been shown to protect against various animal infectious diseases. This article attempts to summarize these diverse nanovaccine types and their recent research progress in the field of veterinary medicine. Furthermore, this paper highlights their disadvantages and methods for improving their immunogenicity.
APRESENTAÇÃO / PRESENTATION
Authors: Oliveira Marcia Lisbôa Costa de , Pasche Marcos Estevão Gomes , Alves Isabella Faustino 
Published: May 2024

Apresentação do Dossiê 30 da Pensares em Revista, que aborda processos educativos e artísticos desenvolvidos com adolescentes, jovens e adultos(as) em conflito com a lei/ em cumprimento de pena/ egressos(as) do sistema prisional. A proposta orientou-se pela busca de espaços de reflexão sobre a garantia de direitos ao conhecimento e à experiência estética durante e após o cumprimento de penas privativas de liberdade e de medidas socioeducativas que tenham culminado em restrição da liberdade. Nesse sentido, reúnem-se aqui resultados de pesquisas, registros de extensão universitária e estudos teóricos levados a efeitos no Brasil em perspectivas transdisciplinares. O conjunto de textos ultrapassa a tensão entre crime/ato infracional e castigo para pensar a importância da educação, da arte e da leitura, considerando-se as suas dimensões políticas, ontológicas e epistêmicas.
LIFE AND LIMB: THE SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF FOOT COMPLICATIONS IN PEOPLE WITH DIABETES
Authors: Stowers Marinus , Slykerman Leah , McClean Luke , Senthi Surendra 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionA common acute orthopaedic presentation is an ulcerated or infected foot secondary to diabetic neuropathy. Surgical debridement or amputation are often required to manage this complication of diabetes. International literature indicates that amputation may lead to further complications and an increased mortality rate. The aim of this study is to investigate the mortality rate associated with different surgical interventions. This will inform surgical management of patients presenting with acute foot complications from diabetes.MethodsThis is a retrospective review of patients with diabetic foot infections aged >16 years attending Middlemore Hospital over a 10-year period (2012–2021). Clinical records were examined to determine whether patients were managed with no surgery, surgery but not amputation, or amputation. We recorded relevant baseline characteristics and comorbidities. Regression models were used to determine factors associated with mortality.ResultsOver the study period, 1260 patients were included in analysis. Patients were divided into three groups, a control group who received no surgical intervention (n=554), those receiving surgery but not amputation (n=269), and those who underwent amputation (n=437). After adjustment for potential confounders, mortality rates were significantly higher in those who underwent amputation compared with those who received surgical intervention without amputation. Survival probability at 1 year and 5 years was highest in the surgical intervention but not amputation group.ConclusionIt is clinically important that there is a lower mortality rate in patients who undergo surgical intervention without amputation. Treatment that aims to salvage the limb rather than amputate should be considered in management of patients with diabetic foot complications to optimise their care.
THE EPIDEMIOLOGY AND ECONOMIC IMPACT OF ACCIDENT COMPENSATION CORPORATION (ACC)-FUNDED PRIMARY TOTAL KNEE AND TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY IN AOTEAROA
Authors: Sim Katarina , Zhu Mark , Young Simon 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionIndividuals with significant hip and knee trauma receive total knee (TKA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA) as definitive end-stage procedures. In Aotearoa, injury-related costs, including workers compensation, may be funded by ACC. With a steady increase of arthroplasty procedures in Aotearoa, we aim to understand the magnitude and characteristics of such procedures to inform future healthcare strategies.MethodThis is a longitudinal collaborative study from 1st January 2000 to 31st December 2020, using ACC and New Zealand Joint Registry databases. Total cost was subcategorised into social and medical cost for analysis.ResultsACC funded 10179 TKA and 5611 THA, amounting to 918 million New Zealand Dollars. Most clients were between 55 and 65 years of age at time of surgery, with greater representation by Male sex and European prioritised ethnicity. Māori and Pacific peoples represent less than 10% of the study population.ACC identified requiring more than 182 days of workers’ compensation as a significant marker for needing additional supports. Risk of this was 21% for TKA and 11% for THA, with risk factors being younger age (RR 0.96), Male sex (TKA RR 1.12, THA RR 1.23), and heavy work-types (TKA RR 1.50, THA RR 1.57).DiscussionSupporting individuals with post-traumatic lower limb arthroplasty is costly. Workers’ compensation contributes to a significant proportion of social expenditure. Risk factors for increased cost utilisation can be used to highlight vulnerable clients and target interventions.ConclusionsThis is one of few nationwide studies investigating the healthcare cost of post-traumatic lower limb arthroplasty. We need to focus on injury prevention, targeted treatment, and rehabilitation protocols to improve recovery and reduce time off work. These findings would be of interest to multiple stakeholders.