bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract B20: Cognitive decline in breast cancer survivors associated with chemotherapy or aromatase inhibitor therapy
Authors: Wood Bethany , Gallicchio Lisa , Kalesan Bindu , Appling Susan , Rushovich Errol , Helzlsouer Kathy 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
B20

Background
Women undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer treatment complain of cognitive difficulties especially with memory, word recall, and concentration. Commonly referred to as “chemo brain”, some studies suggest that up to 40 to 80% of women may experience some decline in cognitive function, while others have found no cognitive decline associated with treatment. We examined symptoms associated with chemo brain among women treated with chemotherapy and/or aromatase inhibitors (AIs) compared to age-matched healthy controls.

Methods
Women diagnosed with breast cancer (n = 180) and age-matched healthy controls (n = 149) were recruited to participate in an observational study on the side effects of AI treatment. Cases were stratified according to treatment at the time of enrollment: adjuvant chemotherapy only, AI therapy only, or both. Participants were asked the extent to which they were bothered by forgetfulness and difficulty concentrating over the past 4 weeks. The severity of each symptom was classified as none, slightly, and moderately/quite a bit/extremely.

Results
The ages of cases and controls were similar (mean: 61.6 versus 60.8 years; p-value= 0.5). Of the cases, 19% were treated with chemotherapy only and 47.7% were treated with AIs only; 33.3% were treated with both. Among the cases, women only treated with AIs were older than women treated with chemotherapy (mean: 65.4 versus 57.9 years; p-value &lt; 0.0001). Women who received chemotherapy were more likely to report difficulty concentrating and forgetfulness than controls (34.8% versus 17.9%; p-value &lt;0.0001 and 30.4% versus 9.7%; p-value &lt;0.015, respectively). These differences remained statistically significant after adjustment for age. Associations were similar for those treated with chemotherapy compared to those with chemotherapy and AIs. Treatment with AIs only was not associated with symptoms of forgetfulness or difficulty concentrating compared to controls (p-values= 0.1 and 0.8 respectively).

Conclusion
Chemotherapy, but not AI therapy, was associated with difficulty concentrating and increased forgetfulness. The association was present despite patients treated with chemotherapy being significantly younger than controls. Hormone deprivation did not appear to exacerbate the symptoms, although the sample size was limited to explore this interaction.
Citation Information: Cancer Prev Res 2008;1(7 Suppl):B20.
Abstract B21: Cancer-related quality of life following physical activity interventions for cancer survivors
Authors: Carter Cindy , Cartmell Kathleen , Onicescu Georgiana , Tomsic Jim , Dunmeyer Erica , Taylor Chrissy , Fox Todd , Alberg Anthony 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
B21

Objectives
We carried out a nonrandomized trial to determine how participation in physical activity interventions (dragon boat paddling team versus a group walking program) impacted on physical and psychological outcomes. We report preliminary findings comparing the pre-post intervention differences on cancer-related quality-of-life (QoL).

Participants and Methods
83/92 (90%) of participants who enrolled in the study completed an eight-week paddling (n=46) or walking (n=37) intervention. The 27-item FACT-G Scale was administered both pre- and post-intervention. We examined pre-post test differences in mean scores for the total FACT-G scale and four subscales.

Results
In the total study population, participation in a physical activity intervention was associated with significant post-intervention improvements in overall FACT-G QoL scores (post-test mean 84.5 vs. pretest mean 82.5; p=0.03). This included significant gains on the physical (p=0.02) and functional (p=0.01) QoL FACT-G subscales. These overall findings were consistent within both the paddling and walking interventions; no significant between-group differences were observed. However, the increase in the functional subscale mean score was statistically significant for the paddling (p=0.02) but not the walking (p=0.19) intervention.

Conclusions
Participation in a physical activity program, regardless of the type of program, increased overall cancer-related QoL in cancer survivors. This impact was most notable for QoL related to the physical and functional domains. These preliminary findings indicate that participating in a short-term physical activity program can lead to significant improvements in cancer-related QoL.
Supported by NCI R03CA128482.
Citation Information: Cancer Prev Res 2008;1(7 Suppl):B21.
Abstract B24: Attitudes of pancreatic cancer family members toward cancer risk and screening
Authors: Sinicrope Pamela , Rabe Kari , Brockman Tabetha , Patten Christi , DeAndrade Mariza , Petersen Gloria 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
B24

Purpose
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the United States for which no recommended screening guidelines are available. An estimated 34,290 deaths related to PC is expected to occur in 2008 and the 5-year relative survival rate for this cancer is 5% for all stages combined. A person's chance of developing this cancer increases three-fold if a first-degree relative has pancreatic cancer. The purpose of this study was to assess attitudes of unaffected family members in the Mayo Clinic Pancreas Cancer Family study toward PC cancer risk and future screening options. This is the first study to report such attitudes of PC family members.

Subjects and Methods
At-risk family members with two or more relatives affected with pancreas cancer in the kindred and primary care controls completed a survey asking about: perceived PC risk, degree of PC worry/concern, attitude toward cancer screening in general, and intentions regarding PC screening if it were a blood test or endoscopic ultrasound.

Results
386 family members in 109 PC kindreds and 1058 controls completed surveys. Forty-six percent of PC family members reported that it was likely they would develop PC during their lifetime compared to 6% of controls. Forty-one percent of family members reported having thoughts regarding the possibility of getting pancreatic cancer during the past month versus 4.6% of controls. Similarly, 74% of family members reported concern about getting PC as compared to 40.6% of controls. 94% of family members reported they would be likely to undergo a blood-based PC screening test compared to 89.7% of controls. For endoscopic ultrasound, 71% of family members would be likely to undergo screening as compared to 55% of controls. All comparisons were statistically significant.

Conclusion
Compared to controls, PC family members perceive their personal PC risk to be high and report a higher rate of PC-related cancer worry/concern. A high percentage of family members and controls indicate receptivity to PC screening, especially if it were a blood test. If the screening is more invasive (i.e. EUS), interest declines, particularly among controls. This information can help investigators to understand and address potential motivators and barriers to recruitment for future PC studies and indicates that there is a need to develop educational interventions among these families to reduce their actual and perceived pancreatic cancer risk.
Citation Information: Cancer Prev Res 2008;1(7 Suppl):B24.
Abstract B27: Beliefs about the causes of breast and colorectal cancer among women in the general population
Authors: Wang Catharine , Miller Suzanne , Egleston Brian , Weinberg David 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
B27

Background
Women’s beliefs about the causes of cancer may influence the preventive actions they undertake to reduce their risk. Little is known about the beliefs women have about the causes breast and colorectal cancer. The purpose of this study is to describe and compare causal beliefs about breast and colorectal cancer among unaffected women in the general population.

Methods
A total of 439 unaffected women in the general population were recruited to complete a web-based survey assessing causal beliefs for either breast (N = 211) or colorectal cancer (N = 228).

Results
Heredity was ranked as the most important causal factor, followed by diet or eating habits for both cancer sites. Women endorsed the following causes of breast or colorectal cancer respectively: heredity (84.4%, 78.5%), diet or eating habits (46.4%, 69.7%), pollution in the environment (57.6%, 40.3%), aging (48.8%, 57.5%), alcohol (29.9%, 40.8%), smoking (58.3%, 50.8%), stress (27.5%, 29.4%), and lack of exercise (35.7%, 44.3%). Other factors such as prior surgery on the breast (23.7%) and colon (32.9%), or changes in one’s immune system (60.6% - breast; 59.2% - colon) were also endorsed by some women. Significant differences between cancer sites were noted, in particular, for heredity, diet, pollution, aging, alcohol, and lack of exercise.

Conclusions
Both genetic and non-genetic risk factors are endorsed by unaffected women as causes of breast and colorectal cancer. Notably, causal beliefs differ for breast and colorectal cancer. Misconceptions about the causes of these cancers may be important targets for risk communication efforts.
Citation Information: Cancer Prev Res 2008;1(7 Suppl):B27.
Abstract B31: Collaborative breast health education addressing an alarming public health concern in the District of Columbia
Authors: Higginbotham Kimberly , Regis Deon , Adams-Campbell Lucile , WIlliams Carla , Frederick Wayne , Peterson Karen , Greenamyer Jasmine , Childs Erica , Aldige Carolyn 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
B31

Background
Washington D.C. has the highest breast cancer mortality rate in the country(30.3 per 100,000 )*. Project Early Awareness is a breast health education program of Howard University Cancer Center supported by the Prevent Cancer Foundation that serves to address this disparity. The program is designed for 10th-12th grade students in Washington, D.C..

Methods
PEA sessions follow a standardized format. The class begins with a young breast cancer survivor’s story, followed by information on breast health topics including risk factors, breast growth and development, clinical breast exams, and mammography. The students are shown an age and culturally appropriate video on how to perform a breast self-exam. Students are then given breast models to practice breast self-exam techniques. The session ends with a question and answer period and a discussion on myths about breast cancer. At the completion of the program, they are handed an information packet to take home and share with their female relatives.

Results
Since 2001, 2,880 public high school students and their relatives have received breast health information through PEA. Pre and post-test evaluations have been enormously positive, showing a measurable impact in knowledge for the girls attending. Overall, the program generated improvements in specific knowledge elements. A 69% improvement was shown when asked if the age of menarche was a risk factor. The overall increase in self-efficacy for BSE was 39%.

Conclusion
The high breast cancer mortality rates of African American women living in the District of Columbia mandates the implementation of programs such as this, which focus on long term solutions towards reducing health disparities. PEA is able to reach these young women in a culturally sensitive manner and increase awareness, as well as the understanding of the key screening tools available to women as they age.
*American Cancer Society, Surveillance Research , 2007
Citation Information: Cancer Prev Res 2008;1(7 Suppl):B31.
Abstract B32: Colonoscopy utilization in the Black Women's Health Study
Authors: Adams-Campbell Lucile , Makambi Kepher , Mouton Charles , Palmer Julie , Rosenberg Lynn 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
B32

Objectives
The primary objective of the present study is to determine colorectal screening patterns via colonoscopy utilization in a national prospective cohort, the Black Women’s Health Study.

Methods
In 1995, 59,000 Black women aged 21 to 69 years were initially enrolled in the Black Women’s Health Study through questionnaires consisting of 54 self-report items that included demographics, medical history, health behaviors, and use of medical care. Follow-up questionnaires were sent every 2 years to update risk factors of interest and ascertain newly diagnosed diseases and screening practices. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios and the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results
The study sample comprised 10,992 black women whose ages ranged from 50 to 72 years in 1997 when detailed questions were first asked about cancer screening. Women who utilized mammography were more likely to have a colonoscopy than women who never screened for breast cancer (odds ratio = 2.64, 95% CI 2.27, 3.08). This was the strongest predictor of colonoscopy screening.

Conclusion
The importance of promoting multiple concurrent cancer screenings may be the best approach to increasing colonoscopy utilization among women.
Citation Information: Cancer Prev Res 2008;1(7 Suppl):B32.
Abstract B37: Mapping the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services tobacco control leadership: A structural network analysis
Authors: Leischow Scott , Luke Doug , Harris Jenine , Mueller Nancy 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
B37
Eleven Department of Health and Human Services agencies (eg NIH, FDA, CDC, etc) were included in a social network analysis to determine the extent to which they were communicating and coordinating to address tobacco use - which is the leading cause of preventable death in the US.

Result
Individuals within the DHHS tobacco network showed a high level of awareness of the tobacco work being carried out by other network members across DHHS (density = 0.30), but much less actual contact between agencies (0.17). Some agencies, such as the FDA, had no or almost no contact with other agencies, and there was considerable between-agency contact variability. CDC was the most central agency.

Conclusion
Considerable trans-DHHS awareness of tobacco control efforts exists, but does not
always translate into agencies working together in a coordinated fashion to address tobacco use.
Citation Information: Cancer Prev Res 2008;1(7 Suppl):B37.
Abstract B49: Multiplex serology for Helicobacter pylori and severity of precancerous gastric lesions in a high risk population
Authors: Baron Anna , Plummer Martyn , Mikel Angelika , Colin Didier , Pawlita Michael , Franceschi Silvia 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
B49

Objective
Helicobacter (H.) pylori infection has been shown to be associated with markedly increased risks for chronic atrophic gastritis and noncardia gastric cancer (GC). DNA evidence of H. pylori infection and its associated cagA and vacA bacterial virulence genotypes decreases with disease progression, and risk appears greatest 10 years prior to diagnosis. Bead-based multiplex ELISA assays are now available to detect past infection through quantification of serum antibodies against several H. pylori proteins. If established as a marker of gastric histology, multiplex serology would be useful as a noninvasive screen for chemoprevention studies in high risk populations. In combination with cagA DNA status, serology might also improve currently available GC risk estimates.

Methods
This investigation was designed to estimate the association of multiplex serology for 12 H. pylori antigens with levels of severity of pre-cancerous gastric lesions in a high risk population. Baseline sera from 900 subjects enrolled in a chemoprevention trial for gastric pre-cancerous lesions in Tachira State, Venezuela were analyzed. Logistic regression was used to estimate the association between seropositivity and H. pylori or cagA DNA status, and alone or combined with cagA DNA status, between seropositivity and levels of gastric histology.

Results
Multiplex serology showed weak associations with H. pylori DNA status, with AUC values ranging from 0.53 to 0.66. A significant, positive gradient in risk was seen with CagA seropositivity and histologic grade (p&lt;0.001 for linear trend). Among those who were cagA DNA negative, a significantly increased risk was seen for those with chronic atrophic gastritis/IM type I and IM types II-III/dysplasia compared with those who had chronic gastritis (OR = 3.00, 95% CI: 2.05-4.37; OR=2.72, 95% CI: 1.43-5.16, respectively). With regard to risk associations of H. pylori seropositivity and histologic severity, a significant positive gradient was also observed (p&lt;0.001 for linear trend). For those with the most severe histologic grades, CagA seropositivity and cagA DNA status combined led to higher estimates of risk compared to cagA DNA status alone.

Conclusion
CagA seropositivity or a combination of other H. pylori antigens was positively associated with severity of pre-cancerous gastric lesions. This trend appeared stronger in those without evidence of current H. pylori infection. Further consideration should be given to the use of serologic markers of H. pylori infection in epidemiologic and chemoprevention studies.
Citation Information: Cancer Prev Res 2008;1(7 Suppl):B49.
Abstract B5: Cultural factors in obesity in African American women at increased risk for hereditary breast cancer
Authors: Corneille LaShanda Jones , Kessler Lisa , Schmitz Katherine , Domchek Susan , Halbert Chanita Hughes 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
B5
Obesity is an important risk factor for breast cancer, which disproportionately affects African American women. For women who have a personal or family history of disease that is suggestive of hereditary cancer, obesity may be particularly problematic. However, empirical data are not available on rates and correlates of obesity in this population. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify factors having significant independent associations with obesity in African American women at increased risk for hereditary breast cancer. Subjects were 126 African American women who had a personal and/or family history of breast cancer that was suggestive of BRCA1/2 mutations. Obesity was determined by self-report during a structured telephone interview. Reproductive factors (e.g., age at menarche), cultural beliefs (e.g., temporal orientation), and cancer-specific distress were also evaluated during the telephone interview. Overall, 43% of women were obese. Women who had a younger age at menarche were about four times more likely to be obese compared to women who had their first menstrual period at an older age (OR=3.88, 95% CI=1.65, 9.15, p=0.002). Obesity was also associated with greater levels of present temporal orientation (OR=0.67, 95% CI=0.46, 0.99, p=0.05). Intrusive thoughts about cancer was marginally related to obesity (OR=1.46, 95% CI=0.99, 2.15, p=0.06). The results of this study suggest that attention to cultural factors should be given in programs designed to address obesity among African American women at increased risk for hereditary breast cancer.
Citation Information: Cancer Prev Res 2008;1(7 Suppl):B5.
Abstract B50: Large scale DNA methylation profiling and high-resolution comparative genomic hybridization of preneoplastic and invasive esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: Discovery of early detection markers
Authors: Killian Jonathan , Roth Mark , Singh Parvati , Walker Robert , Chen Yidong , Wang Guo-Qing , Hu Nan , Taylor Philip , Qiao You-Lin , Dawsey Sanford , Meltzer Paul 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
B50

Background
Esophageal cancer causes &gt; 350,000 deaths/year in the world. Clinically useful early detection methods must identify these cancers and their precursor lesions at more curable stages. We conducted genome-wide methylation profiling and comparative genomic hybridization analyses of preneoplastic and invasive esophageal squamous cell carcinoma to look for methylation or gene copy number patterns that might be useful as early detection markers.

Methods
DNA was extracted from esophageal biopsies and surgical resections from 94 esophageal tissues spanning a spectrum from normal to invasive tumor. Bisulfite genotyping for 800 genes (Illumina GoldenGate methylation BeadArray), was used to measure CpG methylation of 1505 targets. High-resolution microarray based comparative genomic hybridization (Agilent) was used to measure regions of chromosomal gain or loss.

Results
Analysis of methylation beadarray data identified targets that are differentially methylated between normal and high-grade squamous dysplasia. Chromosome number aberrations were identified that involve several chromosomes, occur early in the neoplastic process, and progress with disease severity.

Conclusions
Genome-wide methylation profiling and comparative genomic hybridization identify patterns of gene methylation and chromosome number aberrations, respectively, that may distinguish patients with and without high-grade squamous dysplasia or cancer.
Citation Information: Cancer Prev Res 2008;1(7 Suppl):B50.
Abstract B52: Identification of genes involved in early stage bladder cancer progression.
Authors: Stone Randolph , Sabichi Anita , Gill Jennifer , Lee I-Ling , Loganantharaj Raja , Cvek Urska , Trutschl Marjan , Clifford John 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
B52
Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder (TCC) ranks 4th in incidence of all cancers in the developed world, yet the mechanisms of its origin and progression remain poorly understood. There are also few useful diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers for this disease. We have combined a transgenic mouse model for invasive bladder cancer (UPII-SV40T mice) with DNA microarray technology, in order to determine molecular mechanisms involved in early TCC development and to identify new biomarkers for detection, diagnosis and prognosis of TCC. We have identified genes that are differentially expressed between the bladders of UPII-SV40T mice and their age-matched wild type (WT) littermates at 3, 6, 20 and 30 weeks of age. These are times which correspond to premalignant, carcinoma in-situ, and early and later stage papillary TCC, respectively. There were approximately 1,900 unique genes differentially expressed (≥ 3-fold difference at one or more time points) between WT and UPII-SV40T urothelium during the time course of tumor development. Among these, there were a high proportion of cell cycle regulatory genes and cytokinesis genes that are more strongly expressed in the UPII-SV40T bladder urothelium. We have tested several of the genes upregulated in UPII-SV40T urothelium, including autocrine motility factor (AMFR), Caspase 3, Cox-2, PCNA and others as biomarkers for premalignancy in urine samples from a completed chemoprevention trial. These results will be discussed in the context of the UPII-SV40T model.
Citation Information: Cancer Prev Res 2008;1(7 Suppl):B52.