bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ESCRT recruitment to damaged lysosomes is dependent on the ATG8 E3-like ligases
Authors: Corkery Dale P. , Li Shuang , Wijayatunga Deerada , Herzog Laura K. , Knyazeva Anastasia , Wu Yao-Wen 
Published: April 2024

SUMMARYThe endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) machinery plays an essential role in the sealing of endolysosomal membranes damaged by pathogenic, chemical or physical stress. How membrane damage is sensed by the cell and then translated into the recruitment of the ESCRT machinery is largely unknown. Here, we show that damage-dependent translocation of the autophagy ATG8 E3-like ligases to lysosomal membranes acts as the catalyst for ESCRT recruitment. Leakage of protons or calcium from perforated lysosomes induces V-ATPase-dependent or sphingomyelin-dependent recruitment of the ATG16L1-ATG5-ATG12 or TECPR1-ATG5-ATG12 E3-like complex, respectively. We show that E3-like complex-dependent recruitment of the ATG5-ATG12 conjugate to the damaged membrane is an essential prerequisite to ESCRT recruitment. At the damaged membrane ATG5-ATG12 plays both a conjugation-dependent and conjugation-independent role in stabilizing the calcium sensor, ALG-2, and recruiting the downstream repair complex. For the former scenario, we demonstrate that LC3B binds directly to ALG-2 in a Ca2+dependent manner. This places the ATG8 E3-like ligases in the role of damage sensors for ESCRT- mediated membrane repair.GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Mass spectrum of spin-one hadrons in dense two-color QCD: Novel predictions by extended linear sigma model
Authors: Suenaga Daiki , Murakami Kotaro , Itou Etsuko , Iida Kei 
Published: April 2024

We construct an extended version of the linear sigma model in such a way as to describe spin-1 hadrons as well as spin-0 hadrons in two-color QCD (QC2D) by respecting the Pauli-Gürsey SU(4) symmetry. Within a mean-field approximation, we therefrom examine a mass spectrum of the spin-1 hadrons at finite quark chemical potential (μq) and zero temperature. Not only mean fields of scalar mesons and scalar-diquark baryons but also of vector mesons and vector-diquark baryons are incorporated. As a result, we find that, unless all of those four types of mean fields are taken into account, neither lattice result for the critical μq that corresponds to the onset of baryon superfluidity nor for μq dependence of the pion mass can be reproduced. We also find that a slight suppression of the ρ meson mass in the superfluid phase, which was suggested by the lattice simulation, is reproduced by subtle mixing effects between spin-0 and spin-1 hadrons. Moreover, we demonstrate the emergence of an axial-vector condensed phase and possibly of a vector condensed phase by identifying the values of μq at which the corresponding hadron masses vanish. The possible presence of isotriplet 1− diquarks that may be denoted by a tensor-type quark bilinear field is also discussed.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Extraction of the neutron
F2
structure function from inclusive proton and deuteron deep-inelastic scattering data
Authors: Li S. , Accardi A. , Cerutti M. , Fernando I. P. , Keppel C. E. , Melnitchouk W. , Monaghan P. , Niculescu G. , Niculescu M. I. , Owens J. F. 
Published: April 2024

The available world deep-inelastic scattering (DIS) data on proton and deuteron structure functions F2p, F2d, and their ratios are leveraged to extract the free neutron F2n structure function, the F2n/F2p ratio, and associated uncertainties using the latest nuclear effect calculations in the deuteron. Special attention is devoted to the normalization of the proton and deuteron experimental datasets and to the treatment of correlated systematic errors, as well as the quantification of procedural and theoretical uncertainties. The extracted F2n dataset is utilized to evaluate the Q2 dependence of the Gottfried sum rule and the nonsinglet F2p−F2n moments. To facilitate replication of our study, as well as for general applications, we provide a comprehensive DIS database including all recent Jefferson Lab 6 GeV measurements, the extracted Fn2, a modified CTEQ-JLab global parton distribution function fit named CJ15nlo_mod, and grids with calculated proton, neutron, and deuteron DIS structure functions.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Possible
Σc*Σ¯
molecular states
Authors: Wu Bing , Dong Xiang-Kun , Guo Feng-Kun , Zou Bing-Song 
Published: April 2024

We investigate the possibility of deuteronlike Σc*Σ¯ bound states within the one-boson-exchange model and systematically analyze the effects of the contact range δ3(r→) potential, the tensor term from the vector-meson exchange, and nonlocal potentials due to the dependence on the sum of the initial and final state center-of-mass momenta. We find that the pion-exchange potential including the δ3(r→) term and the tensor term of the ρ-exchange potential exhibit comparable magnitudes but opposite signs for any S-wave baryon-antibaryon systems. For the Σc*Σ¯ system, it is most likely to form bound states with mass around 3.7 GeV in the I(JP)=0(2−) and 1(2−) channels.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
New Constraints on Exotic Spin-Spin-Velocity-Dependent Interactions with Solid-State Quantum Sensors
Authors: Huang Yue , Liang Hang , Jiao Man , Yu Pei , Ye Xiangyu , Xie Yijin , Cai Yi-Fu , Duan Chang-Kui , Wang Ya , Rong Xing , Du Jiangfeng 
Published: April 2024

We report new experimental results on exotic spin-spin-velocity-dependent interactions between electron spins. We designed an elaborate setup that is equipped with two nitrogen-vacancy (NV) ensembles in diamonds. One of the NV ensembles serves as the spin source, while the other functions as the spin sensor. By coherently manipulating the quantum states of two NV ensembles and their relative velocity at the micrometer scale, we are able to scrutinize exotic spin-spin-velocity-dependent interactions at short force ranges. For a T-violating interaction, V6, new limits on the corresponding coupling coefficient, f6, have been established for the force range shorter than 1 cm. For a P,T-violating interaction, V14, new constraints on the corresponding coupling coefficient, f14, have been obtained for the force range shorter than 1 km.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Characterization of hydrogen embrittlement sensitivity of 18CrNiMo7-6 alloy steel surface-modified layer based on scratch method
Authors: Wang Gang , Wang Mian , Wang ZiHan , Xu GuangTao , Zhao MingHao , Li Lingxiao 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to assess the hydrogen embrittlement sensitivity of carbon gradient heterostructure materials and to verify the reliability of the scratch method.

Design/methodology/approach
The surface-modified layer of 18CrNiMo7-6 alloy steel was delaminated to study its hydrogen embrittlement characteristics via hydrogen permeation, electrochemical hydrogen charging and scratch experiments.

Findings
The results showed that the diffusion coefficients of hydrogen in the surface and matrix layers are 3.28 × 10−7 and 16.67 × 10−7 cm2/s, respectively. The diffusible-hydrogen concentration of the material increases with increasing hydrogen-charging current density. For a given hydrogen-charging current density, the diffusible-hydrogen concentration gradually decreases with increasing depth in the surface-modified layer. Fracture toughness decreases with increasing diffusible-hydrogen concentration, so the susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement decreases with increasing depth in the surface-modified layer.

Originality/value
The reliability of the scratch method in evaluating the fracture toughness of the surface-modified layer material is verified. An empirical formula is given for fracture toughness as a function of diffused-hydrogen concentration.
Determinants of approach behavior for ChatGPT and their configurational influence in the hospitality and tourism sector: a cumulative prospect theory
Authors: Han Heesup , Kim Seongseop (Sam) , Hailu Tadesse Bekele , Al-Ansi Amr , Loureiro Sandra Maria Correia , Kim Jinkyung Jenny 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
This research paper aims to explore the concerns and determinants of travelers’ behavior toward ChatGPT in the hospitality and tourism context. It also examines the weight of risk factors versus that of motivation and innovation characteristics influencing travelers’ approach behaviors toward ChatGPT.

Design/methodology/approach
A cumulative prospect theory was used to determine travelers’ responses to ChatGPT. This study, using a fuzzy-set qualitative approach, explored risk, motivation and innovation factors as determinants of approach behaviors for ChatGPT.

Findings
Findings revealed that risk, motivation and innovation factors were the key triggers of approach behaviors for ChatGPT. An intricate combination effect of the perceived risk, motivation and innovation characteristics was found, and the necessary predictors were determined.

Practical implications
The findings of this study will expand our current knowledge and offer practical insights for the development of ChatGPT in the hospitality and tourism sector.

Originality/value
This study makes a significant contribution to the existing literature by providing a nuanced understanding of the intricate interplay between the various factors that shape customer behavior in the context of technology adoption in hospitality and tourism studies.
Researching on practice through lesson study: developing prospective teachers’ knowledge of student learning
Authors: Vieira Raquel , Ponte João Pedro da 
Published: April 2024

PurposeThis paper focuses on prospective teachers’ (PTs) participation in a lesson study (LS) that prompted them to research their own practice. We seek to describe the dimensions of PTs’ knowledge of student learning developed during the process and the LS features fostering it.Design/methodology/approachThe participants were two PTs, a teacher educator, a cooperating teacher and a researcher. The LS was integrated into a Portuguese initial elementary teacher education program. Following a qualitative approach, we used participant observation.FindingsThe PTs developed their knowledge of students’ learning of the concept of area in four dimensions: theories; students’ interests and expectations; ways students interact with the content and students’ strengths and weaknesses in learning the concept. To support this development, the LS design considered follow-up sessions and emphasised collaborative work.Originality/valueThis study focuses on PTs researching their practice and disseminating the results, which has been overlooked in previous research of LS with PTs. The results highlight the potential of LS to motivate PTs to research their practice and emphasise the importance of involving them in disseminating LS results.
Talent management through organizational socialization: making it relevant
Authors: Chou Shih Yung 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
This paper aims to explore approaches that organizations can implement to manage talents through organizational socialization.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper is conducted based on relevant human resources (HR) work experiences in various organizations and the HR literature.

Findings
Organizations need to systematically and periodically review and modify their organizational socialization process. A one-size-fits-all organizational socialization process is unhelpful and ineffective.

Originality/value
This paper provides value to HR managers and talent management specialists involved in designing and implementing organizational socialization.
Body size responses to urban temperature variations are driven by life history traits in spiders
Authors: Cabon Valentin , Quénol Hervé , Deletre Benoît , Copin Louis , Dubreuil Vincent , Bergerot Benjamin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Urban ecosystems exhibit altered environmental conditions compared to the rural surroundings, including higher temperatures, the so‐called urban heat island (UHI) effect. Along urbanisation gradients, temperature variations occur at various scales ranging from the landscape to the microhabitat, with possible consequences on living organisms. As ectothermic animals, arthropods are particularly affected by UHIs because warming may directly induce physiological effects on their metabolism.

Body size is a commonly used metric to investigate arthropod responses to thermal stress, but the scale‐dependent role of temperature variation as predictor of body size remains unclear. To assess temperature–size relationships across spatial scales and test if a common pattern to several species emerges, we performed morphological measurements on 2283 individuals representing 11 spider species belonging to Hahniidae, Linyphiidae, Lycosidae and Tetragnathidae. Spiders were collected on 36 grasslands distributed along a broad UHI gradient.

Intraspecific shifts in body size were related to temperature in the Lycosids Pardosa prativaga and Pardosa pullata at the landscape and local scales, respectively, whereas no clear effects were observed regarding the other examined species. In both species, sex was an important endogenous factor that modulated individual responses; females were more affected than males by temperature.

The contrasting amplitudes of the responses observed among Lycodids and the other species indicate that large, low dispersive and univoltine species are under a stronger influence of temperature than small bivotline species that can disperse aerially. Our results on spiders highlight that considering species‐specific life history traits helps to understand contrasting responses among species, and this may be essential for drawing general patterns of phenotypic changes among arthropods under anthropogenic warming.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Forest stand dynamics of a short‐stature tree species: Ecological knowledge for sustainable forest management
Authors: Fajardo Alex , Moreno‐Meynard Paulo , Soto Daniel P. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Worldwide, the implementation of forest management guidelines has tried to mimic natural forest dynamics. The Oliver forest stand dynamics model has been successful in bridging natural forest dynamics associated with the disturbances of various spatial scales and silviculture also related to various spatial scales of management. However, the application of this model (and others) is restricted to tall forests.

We claim here that the general research and commercial interest bias towards tall tree species has permeated silviculture and forest management, and that both the stand dynamics of short‐stature tree species and their treatment have remained largely unexplored and unknown.

Using one short‐stature tree species, Nothofagus antarctica, as a model system, we show that this species indeed follows a stand dynamic different from other tall Nothofagus‐dominated forests in southern South America. This species forms short, mature, even‐aged stands without large canopy gaps that promote tree regeneration. With this in mind, we propose a conceptual ecology‐based silvicultural guideline focusing on the creation of strip cuts or gaps along with topsoil scarification to ensure regeneration and forest reorganization after disturbances.

Policy implications. The acknowledgement that short‐stature tree species follow a stand dynamic different from tall tree species necessarily implies that they must be managed differently. This recognition, along with the implementation of ecology‐based silvicultural recommendations, represents strong arguments to make modifications to forest legislation that, together, must be aimed at conservation and sustainable forest management.
Why do local governments privatize? Political representation and contagion in the privatization of welfare services in Sweden
Authors: Goossen Mikael 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPrevious research has highlighted that decentralization is key to understanding the marketization of the Swedish welfare state, while local political factors are important to explaining the subnational differences in actual degrees of welfare service privatization. Other research has highlighted the impact of pragmatism rather than ideology in local government's decisions to outsource welfare services, including policy diffusion through geographical proximity to highly privatized municipalities. However, little research has been done on the role or type of political representation and whether this matters to the diffusion of welfare service privatization. Thus, there is little knowledge about whether local governments are primarily responsive to public preferences, the ideological position of the local government, or influences from neighboring municipalities. Drawing on the literature on political representation and policy diffusion, I test three hypotheses: that the local governments are primarily responsive to public preferences (sanction representation), that local governments are primarily responsive to their own ideological position (gyroscopic representation), or that local governments are primarily influenced by outsourcing in neighboring municipalities (contagion). Using a time‐lagged correlational design with survey data covering both local politicians and ordinary municipal residents, as well as public accounts of municipal outsourcing, I find that public preferences play a negligible role to the privatization process. A minor part of the between‐municipal variation in welfare service privatization can be attributed to the preferences of local politicians (gyroscopic representation), while a more substantial part is due to pressures from outsourcing among municipal neighbors (contagion).
Genome‐wide identification of yellow gene family in Hermetia illucens and functional analysis of yellow‐y by CRISPR/Cas9
Authors: Dong Yongcheng , Xu Xiaomiao , Qian Lansa , Kou Zongqing , Andongma Awawing A. , Zhou Lijun , Huang Yongping , Wang Yaohui 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe yellow gene family plays a crucial role in insect pigmentation. It has potential for use as a visible marker gene in genetic manipulation and transgenic engineering in several model and non‐model insects. Sadly, yellow genes have rarely been identified in Stratiomyidae species and the functions of yellow genes are relatively unknown. In the present study, we first manually annotated and curated 10 yellow genes in the black soldier fly (BSF), Hermetia illucens (Stratiomyidae). Then, the conserved amino acids in the major royal jelly proteins (MRJPs) domain, structural architecture and phylogenetic relationship of yellow genes in BSF were analyzed. We found that the BSF yellow‐y, yellow‐c and yellow‐f genes are expressed at all developmental stages, especially in the prepupal stage. Using the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR‐associated protein 9 (Cas9) system, we successfully disrupted yellow‐y, yellow‐c and yellow‐f in the BSF. Consequently, the mutation of yellow‐y clearly resulted in a pale‐yellow body color in prepupae, pupae and adults, instead of the typical black body color of the wild type. However, the mutation of yellow‐c or yellow‐f genes did not result in any change in color of the insects, when compared with the wild type. Our study indicates that the BSF yellow‐y gene plays a role in body pigmentation, providing an optimal marker gene for the genetic manipulation of BSF.
Estimation of maternal and foetal risk of radiation‐induced cancer from a survey of computed tomography pulmonary angiography and ventilation/perfusion lung scanning for diagnosing pulmonary embolism during pregnancy
Authors: McLean Donald , Delfino Olivia , Vozzo Marie , Moorin Rachael 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionWhile there are many papers on maternal and foetal radiation doses from computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) and ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) lung scanning examinations for diagnosing pulmonary embolism in pregnant patients, few have used clinical data to examine the patient lifetime attributable risk (LAR) of different cancer types. This paper aims to estimate the cancer risk from maternal radiation doses from CTPA and V/Q examinations and associated foetal doses.MethodsDosimetric data were determined for 267 pregnant patients who received CTPA and/or V/Q examinations over 8 years. Organ and foetal doses were determined using software allowing patient size variations for CTPA and using two different activity‐to‐organ dose conversion methods for V/Q scans. The LAR of cancer incidence was estimated using International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) modelling including estimates of detriment.ResultsEstimated total cancer incidence was 23 and 22 cases per 100,000 for CTPA and V/Q examinations, respectively, with detriment estimates of 18 and 20 cases. Cancer incidence was evenly divided between lung and breast cancer for CTPA with lung cancer being 80% of all cancer for V/Q. The median foetal doses were 0.03 mSv for CTPA and 0.29 mSv for V/Q. Significant differences in estimated foetal dose for V/Q scans were obtained by the two different methods used. The differences in dose between the modes of CTPA scan acquisition highlight the importance of optimisation.ConclusionMaternal cancer incidence and detriment were remarkably similar for each examination. Optimisation of examinations is critical for low‐dose outcomes, particularly for CTPA examination.
Nanocarriers for natural polyphenol senotherapeutics
Authors: Joma Natali , Bielawski Patrick‐Brian , Saini Anjali , Kakkar Ashok , Maysinger Dusica 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSenescence is a heterogenous and dynamic process in which various cell types undergo cell‐cycle arrest due to cellular stressors. While senescence has been implicated in aging and many human pathologies, therapeutic interventions remain inadequate due to the absence of a comprehensive set of biomarkers in a context‐dependent manner. Polyphenols have been investigated as senotherapeutics in both preclinical and clinical settings. However, their use is hindered by limited stability, toxicity, modest bioavailability, and often inadequate concentration at target sites. To address these limitations, nanocarriers such as polymer nanoparticles and lipid vesicles can be utilized to enhance the efficacy of senolytic polyphenols. Focusing on widely studied senolytic agents—specifically fisetin, quercetin, and resveratrol—we provide concise summaries of their physical and chemical properties, along with an overview of preclinical and clinical findings. We also highlight common signaling pathways and potential toxicities associated with these agents. Addressing challenges linked to nanocarriers, we present examples of senotherapeutic delivery to various cell types, both with and without nanocarriers. Finally, continued research and development of senolytic agents and nanocarriers are encouraged to reduce the undesirable effects of senescence on different cell types and organs. This review underscores the need for establishing reliable sets of senescence biomarkers that could assist in evaluating the effectiveness of current and future senotherapeutic candidates and nanocarriers.