bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
the Effect of Quetiapine on Auditory p300 Response in Patients with Schizoaffective Disorder: Preliminary Study
Authors: Korostenskaja M. , Dapsys K. , Siurkute A. , Dudlauskaite A. , Pragaraviciene A. , Maciulis V. , Kähkönen S. 
Published: March 2009

Abnormalities in attention, memory and information processing are considered to be the primary deficits in schizophrenia. Event-related potential (ERP) P300 could reflect deficits in auditory information processing related to active attention in schizophrenia patients. Atypical antipsychotics tend to ameliorate cognitive deficits, however their effects on neural aspects of cognitive dysfunction have not been consistent.Aim:To investigate the effects of quetiapine on auditory information processing by using auditory P300.Methods:We examined 7 patients with schizoaffective disorder, depressive type and 7 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. ERPs were elicited during active auditory “oddball” paradigm. P300 was recorded before and after two weeks of treatment with quetiapine (468.7±143 mg/day).Results:Baseline P300 latencies were significantly delayed in patients compared with controls. Quetiapine did not change P300 amplitudes. However, it normalized P300 latency. These results suggest that already after two weeks of treatment, quetiapine could have a beneficial effect on the active attention reflected in P300 in patients with schizoaffective disorder. Previous studies with antipsychotic drugs such as olanzapine and risperidone failed to show changes in P300 after this treatment interval.Conclusion:Quetiapine may be faster than other neuroleptics in ameliorating attentional dysfunction in patients with schizoaffective disorder. However, studies with a larger sample size must be conducted in order to confirm or reject the results of the current study.
Psychopharmacotherapy and Remission of Patients with Schizophrenia
Authors: Degmecic D. , Pozgain I. , Filakovic P. , Dodig-Curkovic K. 
Published: March 2009

Aim of our study was to determine which antipsychotic are used in the treatment of patients with schizophrenia, as well as to assess are there differences between patients treated with typical and atypical antipsychotics and how many of them are in remission according to the defined remission criteria.All outtreated patients with schizophrenia treated at the University Department of Psychiatry Osijek in the period of three months were assessed. the patients were divided in two groups, one group of patients treated with typical antipsychotics, and the other group treated with atipycal antipsychotics. All of them were assessed with specially designed questionnaire about sociodemographic data, than with 8 item of PANSS (remission criteria), and with Clinical Global Impression scale. the authors analysed 193 patients with schizophrenia, 65 (33.7%) of them were treated with typical antipsychotics, and 128 (66.3%) patients were treated with atypical antipsychotics. Our results suggest that there is statisticaly significant difference in the duration of psychiatric treatment between those two groups of patients as well as statistically significant difference in the number of visits to the psychiatrist in the last two years. Only item from the PANSS remision criteria in which we observed statistically significant difference between two groups of patients was G 9 (Unusal thought content). in our group of patients 98 of them (50.8%) were in remission according to the PANSS remission criteria.Conclusion:The introduction of standardized remission criteria may offer significant opportunities for clinical practice, health services research and clinical trials.
Gamma Band Response during Auditory Information Processing in Schizophrenia
Authors: Domján N. , Csifcsák G. , Garab E.A. , Szendi I. , Janka Z. 
Published: March 2009

Aims:In the present study we investigated the correlation between evoked gamma activity and P50 suppression and between induced gamma activity and P300 amplitude on one schizophrenic population. These kind of auditory processing impairments are substantial in schizophrenia.Methods:Thirty-one patients with schizophrenia and twenty-one controls were involved. Electroencephalogram was recorded with 19 Zn electrodes, which were placed according to the international 10-20 system.Results:P50 suppression was significantly reduced in schizophrenic patients (F(1,53)=9.89, p=0.03). There was a not significant reduction in the early evoked gamma response. Furthermore, we found no correlation between P50 amplitudes and gamma amplitude for the first stimulus in neither groups, while there was a significant correlation for the second click in the control group (R=0.43, p=0.03 for controls, R=0.18, p=0.30 for patients). the amplitude of the P300 auditory evoked potential was significantly reduced at Pz electrode in schizophrenic patients (F(1,53)=11.91, p=0.01). Induced gamma response around the peak P300 latency was diminished in the patient group (F(1,53)=11.12, p=0.002). There was no correlation between P300 amplitudes and gamma amplitude in neither group.Conclusion:According to our results evoked and induced gamma activity is differentially affected in schizophrenia during auditory information processing. the absence of late induced gamma response during target stimulus detection among patients might reflect abnormal functional connectivity between different cortical areas, and result in inefficient integration and utilization of sensory stimuli.
Analysis of Sound's Emotional Perception (pleasantness/unpleasantness) in Schizophrenic Patients in Early Stages of the Disease
Authors: Freitas C. , Griffiths T. , Ribeiro J.A. 
Published: March 2009

Introduction:Many studies have shown that schizophrenic patients are noted to have deficits in the recognition and discrimination of facial emotions. in contrast, studies examining emotional sound perception are scarce.Objective:Evaluate emotional sound perception (pleasantness/unpleasantness) in schizophrenic patients in early stages of the disease.Methods:This study was performed on schizophrenic outpatients from the Psychiatry Departments of Hospital Santa Maria and Hospital Júlio de Matos, Lisbon. Sample group comprised 29 schizophrenic patients and 29 matched healthy controls, equal in sex and age. Evaluations included the Mini Mental State Examination; the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS); the Newcastle Battery of Pleasant and Unpleasant Sounds (NBPUS), which we developed to study this issue, and a visual scale of self-assessment of the emotional experience.Results and discussion:There was no statistical difference between groups. Results suggest that schizophrenic patients in early stages of the disease have a preserved emotional perception of sounds. No correlation was found between clinical severity measures (disease duration, PANSS total and sub scores) and mean unpleasantness/pleasantness rating, which may suggest that the emotional perception of sounds is rather stable during the first five years of illness.Conclusion:These results need further investigation on bigger samples studies. Future research in this area is important for the larger study of emotion and cognition.
Switching from Antipsychotic to Quetiapine XR Treatment in Patients with Schizophrenia and High from Low Depression Symptoms
Authors: Ganesan S. , Eggens I. , Huizar K. , Meulien D. 
Published: March 2009

Purpose:Assess the efficacy of once-daily extended release quetiapine fumarate (quetiapine XR) in patients with schizophrenia and depressive symptoms.Methods:12-week, multi-centre, open-label study in adult patients with schizophrenia (D1444C00147). Patients were cross titrated to quetiapine XR over three days (Day 1: 300 mg; Day 2: 600 mg; Days 3-84: 400-800 mg/day [flexible dosing]). Two patient subsets: high depression symptoms (PANSS depression cluster score ≥ 12) and low depression symptoms (PANSS depression cluster score < 12) at baseline. Change from baseline of PANSS total score and PANSS depression cluster score were analysed by subgroup.Results:Mean (SD) change at Day 84 (LOCF) in PANSS depression cluster score was -4.8 (3.3) for patients with high depression (n=109) and -1.1 (2.7) for patients with low depression (n=362). Mean (SD) change from baseline at Day 84 (LOCF) in PANSS total score was -24.3 (18.5) for patients with high depression and -10.5 (18.0) for patients with low depression. at Day 84: in patients switched to quetiapine XR owing to “lack of efficacy”, mean change (SD) from baseline in PANSS depression cluster score was -5.2 (3.2) and -1.3 (2.8) for patients with high and low depression, respectively; in patients switched due to “insufficient tolerability”, mean change (SD) in PANSS depression cluster score was -4.1 (3.5) and -0.6 (2.5) for patients with high and low, respectively.Conclusions:Quetiapine XR showed promising results in patients with schizophrenia and depressive symptoms switched from other antipsychotics due to suboptimal efficacy or tolerability. Further randomised, clinical trials are warranted.
Developing Access to Care in Mental Health in Mauritania: The Nouadhibou Pilot Program
Authors: Hamady A. Ould , Gerard D.A. 
Published: March 2009

Rationale:Mental disorders are emerging as a major contributor to the Global Burden of Disease in developing countries. Nevertheless in Mauritania, as in most low-income-countries, access to mental health care remains inadequate. Psychotic patients suffer from stigmatization, paucity of qualified health professionals, and difficulties to have access to medicines.Objective:The aim of the Nouadhibou pilot program is to demonstrate that access to care of schizophrenic patients could be drastically improved within partnerships between public and private sectors.Method:The program was set up in October 2008 in Nouadhibou, Mauritania's second largest city.It combines:•A strong awareness campaign about mental disorders, including, radio broadcasts, articles in national news papers, advocacy meetings with elected representatives, stakeholders and the civil society, and information meetings for the population.•The development of a psychiatric department in the Nouadhibou general hospital with a staff trained to diagnose and treat psychotic disorders, deliver psycho educational modules, and liaise with health professionals from Nouadhibou area trained to diagnose psychosis.•A sustainable supply of high quality antipsychotics (with a preferential pricing policy from sanofi-aventis).•A strict assessment of the impact of the program.Results:The presentation will include the present situation of mental health care in Mauritania, the program's content, the assessment tools and the first results.Conclusion:Once the impact of this program is established, scaling the project to the rest of Mauritania will require commitments from different partners including the Ministry of Health, pharmaceutical industry, international organizations and funders.
Early Treatment of Schizophrenia: Links between Insight and Cognitive Disorders
Authors: Langlois C. Guerin , Mondoloni A. , Uzan S. , Laffy-Beaufils B. 
Published: March 2009

In the early treatment of schizophrenia, insight and cognitive disorders are key components in the observance and the functional prognosis of patients.This study aims to evaluate the impact of neurocognitive rehabilitation and psycho information programs on the quality of insight in a population of 20 schizophrenic patients.Results show a correlation between the extent of cognitive disorders and the quality of insight as well as with the efficiency of specific treatment programs.The study emphasizes close links between improvement of cognitive skills and the quality of insight in this population.
Comparison of Family Burden Experienced by Caregivers to People with Intellectual Disability and Caregivers to People with Mental Disorders
Authors: Gutiérrez-Recacha P. , Martorell A. , Pereda A. 
Published: March 2009

Background:The term ‘family burden’ has been introduced to describe the adverse consequences of life with severely disturbed psychiatric patients. Literature has established a distinction between the intensity of worry and appraisals experienced by caregivers (subjective burden) and the real amount of resources (time, money, health, etc.) spent on the care (objective burden). the use has been extended to people with intellectual disability (ID).Aims:To compare the burden experienced by a group of caregivers to patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and a group of caregivers to people with ID.Methodology:179 adults with intellectual disability clients of the Carmen Pardo-Valcarce Foundation's sheltered workshop in Madrid (Spain) and 356 adults diagnosed of schizophrenia in the Gavá Mental Health Centre in Barcelona (Spain) were asked to participate in the present study along with their main caregivers. Burden experienced by caregivers was assessed with the ECFOS-II / SOFBI-II scale (Entrevista de Carga Familiar Objetiva y Subjetiva / Objective and Subjective Family Burden Interview). the tool hasan introductory section plus 8 modules which assess different domains of family burden.Results:Significant differences were found between both groups in all scales except two: Assistance in everyday activities and Effects perceived on the caregiver's health. Total scores also showed significant differences for both groups (p< 0.05).Discussion:Results indicate that, despite similar scores in some domains associated to subjective burden, caregivers to people with ID experience a lower level of objective burden than caregivers to patients diagnosed of schizophrenia.
an Economic Burden Comparison of Typical and Atypical Antipsychotic Therapies for Schizophrenia between General Hospital and Psychiatric Hospital
Authors: Han B. , Tang R. , Sun H. , Zhao S. , Xu M. 
Published: March 2009

Aims:To compare efficacy and medical costs of typital and atypical antipsychotics in treating schizophrenic patients.Methods:250 in patients in general hospital and psychiatric hospital were randomly allocated to one of the two groups, one treated with typital antipsychotics as chlorpromazine, haloperidol and so on with a mean daily dose of 500∼800 mg in chlorpromazine equivalents, and the other with atypical agents in cluding clozapine (mean daily dose of 400∼800mg ), risperidone of 6 mg, or olanzapine of 20 mg.Results:The total costs of the treatment were (3157±253) Yuan RMB for patients treated with typical agents in general hospital, and (3673±294) Yuan RMB for patients treated with typical agents in psychiatric hospital respectively. the costs for medicine were (774±903) Yuan RMB, (1061±903) Yuan RMB respectively. the costs in atypical group were(1120±390) Yuan RMB and (1637±325) Yuan RMB, and (108±157) Yuan RMB and (240±317) Yuan RMB respectively. the duration of patients treated with typical agents in hospital is longer than that with atypical agents.Conclusions:It indicates that atypical antipsychotics have similar efficacy to typical agents in treating schizophrenic patients with less costs.
Costs for Schizopsychotic Patients in Sweden
Authors: Helldin L. , Hjärthag F. , Lothgren M. , Hjortsberg C. 
Published: March 2009

As part of the Clinical Long-term Investigation of Psychosis in Sweden (CLIPS), 200 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder or delusional disorder, are studied. the aim is to provide up-to-date costs for a defined patient population with schizopsychotic disorders in Sweden.We identify the actual clinical management of illness and explain cost variability. Costs are combined with information on outcomes and severity of the disorder.Total costs per patient-year amount to 62.320 Euro. Direct costs correspond to 41% and indirect costs to 59% of total costs. Inpatient and outpatient care corresponds to 7% each of total costs, while costs for special housing and assistance at home is estimated to 22% of total costs. Medication only corresponds to 3% of total costs.We conclude that costs differ between patients depending on illness severity. Also a reallocation has taken place during the last 15 years between different cost items, from direct costs to indirect costs and from in-patient care at hospitals to out-patient care and assistance at home. the main cost driver is indirect costs due to decreased working ability and premature death. Special housing and home-assistance is the second largest cost item. In-patient care corresponds to 7% of total costs, which 15 years ago amounted to 50% of total costs. This reflects the change in care of schizopsychotic patients. Instead of treating patients at institutions, patients are now to a large extent living in their own housing but often receiving some kind of assistance at home provided by the local municipality.
Quality of Life and Gender Related Mechanisms of Social Adaptation in Patients with Schizophrenia
Authors: Berezantsev A. , Kachaeva M. , Mitrophanova O. 
Published: March 2009

Aims:To investigate the quality of life of schizophrenic patients, the influence of gender on their social adjustment and to compare male and female attitude to the quality of life.Method:Clinical and statistical, instruments for assessing Quality of Life (QOL). 200 patients (150 women and 50 men) were evaluated. We have compared clinical picture, socio-demographic factors, parameters of social adaptation and subjective attitude to the QOL in male and female schizophrenic patients.Results:The research has indicated sex related differences in the compared parameters. Male patients more frequently revealed personality disorders-like symptoms, they had poor social functioning and even social desadaptation, they were prone to aggression, substance abuse. Nevertherless they displayed subjective satisfaction with their QOL. Female patients more often revealed hypochondriacal symptoms but positive variant of social adaptation. at the same time women subjectively were not satisfied with their QOL.The study has revealed that gender related mechanisms of social adaptation in women were presented by high compliance. Comparative analysis of males and females of the study exposed that gender related mechanisms of social adaptation with the inclusion of attitudes and behavioural patterns connected with regard of health and compliance are universal irrespective of clinical and social factors.Conclusion:There are considerable gender differences in the subjective perception of QOL among patients with schizophrenia. the study indicate better social adaptation of females based on specific gender mechanisms. Results will contribute to improve treatment and rehabilitation.
Expressed Emotion and Psychoeducational Intervention for Relatives of Patient with Sever Mental Disorder in Iran
Authors: Karamlou S. , Mazaheri A. , Mottaghipour Y. 
Published: March 2009

Expressed emotion had been used as a construct in understanding the interaction between patients and their carers and families. A considerable amount of data from Western cultures suggests that high expressed emotion can lead to relapse in vulnerable individuals, even when they are on medication. studies on family intervention using EE as a target have shown the effects of psychoeducational family intervention for preventing relapses.The purpose of this study was investigate the effectiveness of psychoeducational intervention in reducing expressed emotion and improve family environment in families of patient with sever mental disorder. Using an experimental design, with pretest and posttest with control group, families of 30 patient with Bipolar disorder (BPD), schizophrenia and Schizoaffective disorder divided in two conditions: 6 session family psychoeducation plus drug treatment (intervention), and drug treatment only (control). Expressed emotion were assessed using Family Questionnaire (FQ).Results showed that family psychoeducation program would not diminish the emotional over involvement (EOI) but it had significant influence on reduction of critical comments (CC) in family members.Furthermore, family intervention reduced CC but it had no significant changes in EOI. it can be show that various components of expressed emotion must be seen in the cultural context and embedded in the normative data of the population before the concept can be considered in association with the pathogenesis of relapse.
Bupropion for Smoking Cessation in Schizophrenia
Authors: Lee H.-Y. , Kang R.-H. , Paik J.-W. , Ko Y.-H. , Lee M.-S. 
Published: March 2009

Bupropion is a catecholamine reuptake inhibitor and also a potent noncompetitive ion channel site antagonist at the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Bupropion is indicated for use in combination with behavioral modification programs for smoking cessation. There have been a few studies about the effect of bupropion on smoking cessation in schizophrenia. Therefore, we aimed investigated the change of the symptomatology after smoking cessation with bupropion in the patients with schizophrenia.There were fifty-six patients with smoking in the psychiatric ward of Hapcheon Korea Hospital. among them, thirty-nine inpatients meeting the DSM-IV criteria for schizophrenia were recruited. for 4 weeks, treatment team persuaded the patients to enter the program of smoking cessation. with the exception, if the patients did not agree the program, the patients were able to be transferred to another ward that smoking was permitted. All patients agreed to the program. Postive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS), Temperament and Character Inventory(TCI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI), Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence(FTND) were evaluated at the beginning of the study and 12 weeks of Bupropion treatment.At 12 weeks after successful smoking cessation with bupropion, FTND scores were significantly decreased after smoking cessation. the scores of STAI and PANSS were not significantly changed. the subcale of TCI, Novelty Seeking showed decreasing tendency after smoking cessation, although there was no statistical significance(p=0.054).These results suggest that bupropion is an effective antidepressant on smoking cessation and does not aggravate the psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia. Further investigation with larger number of subjects is needed.
the Comparred Effect of Zyprasidone and Haloperidol at Hippocampal and Frontal Cortex at Rats
Authors: Marinescu D. , Mogoanta L. , Udristoiu T. 
Published: March 2009

Background:The alteration of hippocampal and prefrontal structures is linked with schizophrenia cognitive impairment and negative symptoms. the antipsychotics can induced apoptotic mechanisms correlated with the psychopharmacological mechanism of excesive blocking of the D2 receptors. Distress determined increase of the glucocorticoid aggression wich drive to the decrease of neuroprotective capacity at the brain level.Methods:We formed 5 study lots (5 adults rats) and a control lot. the substancies were administrated intraperitoneal, daily, saline solution equivalent to: ziprasidone (1.25mg/kg/day) and haloperidole (0.20mg/kg/day), dexametasone (0.20mg/kg/day):N1 - Haloperidole; N2 - Dexametasone; N3 - Ziprasidone; N4 - Dexametasone and Haloperidole; N5 - Dexametasone and Ziprasidone; N6 -control lot.We monitorised the cardiovascular function, respiration and EPS, without signaling any serious deadly adverse event. the rats were sacrificed during the 10th day and 21th day.Results:Frontal cortex and hippocamp were the most intensely affected even since the 10-th day to the N4 (haloperidole and dexametasone) lot with massive neuronal loss at the VI, V, and IV frontal cerebral layers.The lots treated with ziprasidone presented significant lesser structural changes in frontal cortex and hippocamp, comparative to haloperidole. the lots treated with dexametasone and ziprasidone (N5) are lesser affected at the cerebral structure level.Conclusions:Haloperidole has a significant decrease in neuroprotection. Ziprasidone demonstrated an neuroprotective effect.