bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dissociation between implicit and explicit manifestations of awareness in early stage dementia: evidence from the emotional Stroop effect for dementia‐related words
Authors: Martyr Anthony , Clare Linda , Nelis Sharon M. , Roberts Judith L. , Robinson Julia U. , Roth Ilona , Markova Ivana S. , Woods Robert T. , Whitaker Christopher J. , Morris Robin G. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether people with dementia (PwD), and carers of PwD, show a processing bias to dementia‐related words in an emotional Stroop task, and if so, whether the presence of such a bias is related to level of explicit awareness of the condition.MethodSeventy‐nine people with early stage Alzheimer's disease (AD), vascular or mixed dementia, and their carers, completed an emotional Stroop task. Time taken to colour‐name dementia‐related and neutral words was compared within and between groups. Additionally, as a comparison, ratings of the awareness of the condition shown by PwD were made on the basis of a detailed interview with each PwD and his/her carer.ResultsPwD and carers showed the same level of increase in response times to salient compared to neutral words. In the PwD this effect was unrelated to the degree of awareness that they demonstrated regarding the condition.ConclusionsThe emotional Stroop effect in response to dementia‐related words in PwD indicates that preserved implicit awareness of the condition can be elicited even where there is reduced explicit awareness. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Depression and barriers to mental health care in older cancer patients
Authors: Weinberger Mark I. , Bruce Martha L. , Roth Andrew J. , Breitbart William , Nelson Christian J. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo review the literature on depression in cancer patients with a particular focus on depression assessment and barriers to mental health treatment in older cancer patients.DesignWe conducted a review of the literature on depression and barriers to mental health treatment in older cancer patients.ResultsDepression is prevalent in cancer patients. However, little is known about prevalence rates of depression in older adults with cancer, assessing depression in older cancer patients and barriers that impede proper mental health treatment in this sample.ConclusionImproved diagnostic clarity and a better understanding of barriers to mental health treatment can help clarify and facilitate mental health referrals and ultimately improve access to care among older cancer patients in need. Continuing to consider the complexities associated with diagnosing depression in older cancer patients is necessary. Further work may be needed to develop new diagnostic measures for such detection, determine the prevalence of depression among older cancer and ways in which to overcome barriers to mental health care. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Plasma insulin‐like growth factor 1 is positively associated with low‐grade prostate cancer in the Health Professionals Follow‐up Study 1993–2004
Authors: Nimptsch Katharina , Platz Elizabeth A. , Pollak Michael N. , Kenfield Stacey A. , Stampfer Meir J. , Willett Walter C. , Giovannucci Edward 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe insulin‐like growth factor (IGF) axis plays a role in growth and progression of prostate cancer. High circulating IGF‐1 levels have been associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer. Results for IGF binding protein 3 (IGFBP‐3) are inconclusive. Some studies have indicated that the positive association with IGF‐1 is observed only for low‐grade prostate cancer (Gleason sum < 7). We previously reported in the Health Professionals Follow‐up Study (HPFS) a direct positive association between ELISA‐measured plasma IGF‐1 and IGFBP‐3 and risk of prostate cancer (462 cases diagnosed after providing a blood specimen (between 1993 and 1995), but before February 1998). With additional follow‐up through January 31st 2004, and 1,331 case–control pairs in total, we were now able to investigate low‐grade (Gleason sum < 7, n = 635) and high‐grade (Gleason sum ≥ 7, n = 515) prostate cancer separately. Matched odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using conditional logistic regression. ORs of total prostate cancer comparing top to bottom quartiles were 1.41 (95% CI 1.12–1.78, p‐trend = 0.001) for IGF‐1 and 1.58 (95% CI 1.24–2.01, p‐trend = 0.003) for IGFBP‐3. IGF‐1 was more strongly associated with low‐grade (OR = 1.61 top versus bottom quartile, 95% CI 1.16–2.25, p‐trend = 0.01), than with high‐grade (OR = 1.29, 95% CI 0.89–1.88, p‐trend = 0.12) prostate cancer (p‐heterogeneity = 0.08). We hypothesize that these findings reflect that high‐grade prostate cancers are more autonomous, and, thus, less sensitive to the action of IGF‐1 than low‐grade cancers.
Consumption of meat and dairy and lymphoma risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
Authors: Rohrmann Sabine , Linseisen Jakob , Jakobsen Marianne Uhre , Overvad Kim , Raaschou‐Nielsen Ole , Tjonneland Anne , Boutron‐Ruault Marie Christine , Kaaks Rudolf , Becker Nikolaus , Bergmann Manuela , Boeing Heiner , Khaw Kay‐Tee , Wareham Nicholas J. , Key Timothy J. , Travis Ruth , Benetou Vassiliki , Naska Androniki , Trichopoulou Antonia , Pala Valeria , Tumino Rosario , Masala Giovanna , Mattiello Amalia , Brustad Magritt , Lund Eiliv , Skeie Guri , Bueno‐de‐Mesquita H. Bas , Peeters Petra H.M. , Vermeulen Roel C.H. , Jakszyn Paula , Dorronsoro Miren , Barricarte Aurelio , Tormo Maria‐Jose , Molina Esther , Argüelles Marcial , Melin Beatrice , Ericson Ulrika , Manjer Jonas , Rinaldi Sabina , Slimani Nadia , Boffetta Paolo , Vergnaud Anne‐Claire , Khan Aneire , Norat Teresa , Vineis Paolo 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe consumption of meat and other foods of animal origin is a risk factor for several types of cancer, but the results for lymphomas are inconclusive. Therefore, we examined these associations among 411,097 participants of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. During a median follow‐up of 8.5 years, 1,334 lymphomas (1,267 non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and 67 Hodgkin lymphomas) were identified. Consumption of red and processed meat, poultry, milk and dairy products was assessed by dietary questionnaires. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to evaluate the association of the consumption of these food groups with lymphoma risk. Overall, the consumption of foods of animal origin was not associated with an increased risk of NHLS or HL, but the associations with specific subgroups of NHL entities were noted. A high intake of processed meat was associated with an increased risk of B‐cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (BCLL) [relative risk (RR) per 50 g intake = 1.31, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06–1.63], but a decreased risk of follicular lymphomas (FL) (RR = 0.58; CI 0.38–0.89). A high intake of poultry was related to an increased risk of B‐cell lymphomas (RR = 1.22; CI 1.05–1.42 per 10 g intake), FL (RR = 1.65; CI 1.18–2.32) and BCLL (RR = 1.54; CI 1.18–2.01) in the continuous models. In conclusion, no consistent associations between red and processed meat consumption and lymphoma risk were observed, but we found that the consumption of poultry was related to an increased risk of B‐cell lymphomas. Chance is a plausible explanation of the observed associations, which need to be confirmed in further studies.
Calcium‐dependent inhibition of polo‐like kinase 3 activity by CIB1 in breast cancer cells
Authors: Naik Meghna U. , Pham Ngoc T. , Beebe Kristin , Dai Wei , Naik Ulhas P. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractMembers of the polo‐like kinases (Plk1, Plk2, Plk3 and Plk4) are involved in the regulation of various stages of the cell cycle and have been implicated in cancer progression. Unlike its other family members, the expression of Plk3 remains steady during cell cycle progression, suggesting that its activity may be spatiotemporally regulated. However, the mechanism of regulation of Plk3 activity is not well understood. Here, we show that calcium‐ and integrin‐binding protein 1 (CIB1), a Plk3 interacting protein, is widely expressed in various cancer cell lines. Expression of CIB1 mRNA as well as protein is increased in breast cancer tissue as compared to normal tissue. CIB1 constitutively interacts with Plk3 as determined by both in vitro and in vivo assays. This interaction of CIB1 with Plk3 is independent of intracellular Ca2+. Furthermore, binding of CIB1 results in inhibition of Plk3 kinase activity both in vitro and in vivo. Interestingly, this inhibition of the Plk3 activity by CIB1 is Ca2+‐dependent. Taken together, our results suggest that CIB1 is a regulatory subunit of Plk3 and it regulates Plk3 activity in a Ca2+‐dependent manner. Furthermore, upregulation of CIB1 in cancer cells could thus inhibit Plk3 activity leading to abnormal cell cycle regulation in breast cancer cells. Thus, in addition to Plk3, CIB1 may be a potential biomarker and target for therapeutic intervention of breast cancer.
Emergence of potential biomarkers of response to anti‐angiogenic anti‐tumour agents
Authors: Michael Agnieszka , Relph Kate , Pandha Hardev 
Published: April 2010

AbstractAnti‐angiogenic agents targeting tumour vasculature have an established place in clinical practice, and new data are constantly emerging. However, despite rapid clinical uptake, a very large number of questions regarding these agents remain unanswered. One of the main hurdles in clinical practice is lack of accurate and feasible ways of assessing response to drug beyond tumour reduction on conventional imaging. This review summarises recent developments in the field of biomarkers of response to anti‐VEGF drugs.
Gene expression profile changes and possible molecular subtypes in differentiated‐type nonkeratinizing nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Wang Shuang , Li Xin , Li Zu‐Guo , Lu Juan , Fang Wei‐Yi , Ding Yan‐Qing , Yao Kai‐Tai 
Published: April 2010

AbstractNasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a human malignant tumor with a high incidence and a poor prognosis in Southern China and South‐eastern Asia. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed the gene expression profiles in 24 samples of primary differentiated‐type nonkeratining NPC (DNK‐NPC) tissues, 24 samples of normal nasopharyngeal tissues and 4 DNK‐NPC cell lines using cDNA microarray technology and bioinformatics methods. We found expression level of some genes was wildly alerted in the DNK‐NPC samples. In addition, our hierarchical clustering analysis revealed 2 distinctive subtypes of gene expression patterns in DNK‐NPC tissue samples. The discriminator genes were identified using a signal‐to‐noise (S2N) algorithm by permuting of the data set 10,000 times. To further characterize the clinical relevance of the tumor subtypes, we evaluated a surrogate marker, CCND2, differentially expressed between the 2 tumor subgroups by using immunohistochemistry in an independent set of 137 DNK‐NPC samples. CCND2 was highly expressed in the subgroups with “aggressive” features and was associated with T classification (p = 0.006) and clinical stage (p = 0.013). Patients with high level of CCND2 expression had poorer overall survival than those with low level (p = 0.034). Our results suggest that DNK‐NPC can be classified into 2 subtypes based on gene expression patterns, which can be used in determining prognosis and treatment of the tumor.
Climbing the drug staircase: a Bayesian analysis of the initiation of hard drug use
Authors: Bretteville‐Jensen Anne Line , Jacobi Liana 
Published: April 2010

AbstractSince empirical studies have shown that cannabis users are much more likely to initiate hard drug use, a causal linkage has been suggested (‘gateway hypothesis’). However, individual differences in proneness and accessibility to drugs provide alternative non‐causal explanations for the observed drug use pattern. We propose a Bayesian estimation and predictive framework to analyze the effects and relative importance of previous cannabis use, proneness and accessibility factors on hard drug initiation and to explore possible policy implications. We employ a novel model specification, motivated by four gateway transmission channels, to analyze data from a recent Norwegian survey of young adults. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Review on the effects of exposure to spilled oils on human health
Authors: Aguilera Francisco , Méndez Josefina , Pásaro Eduardo , Laffon Blanca 
Published: April 2010

AbstractHarmful effects of oil spills on diverse flora and fauna species have been extensively studied. Nevertheless, only a few studies have been compiled in the literature dealing with the repercussions of oil exposure on human health; most of them have focused on acute effects and psychological symptoms. The objective of this work was to gather all these studies and to analyze the possible consequences of this kind of complex exposure in the different aspects of human health. Studies found on this topic were related to the disasters of the Exxon Valdez, Braer, Sea Empress, Nakhodka, Erika, Prestige and Tasman Spirit oil tankers. The majority of them were cross‐sectional; many did not include control groups. Acute effects were evaluated taking into account vegetative‐nervous symptoms, skin and mucous irritations, and also psychological effects. Genotoxic damage and endocrine alterations were assessed only in individuals exposed to oil from Prestige. The results of the reviewed articles clearly support the need for biomonitoring human populations exposed to spilled oils, especially those individuals involved in the cleanup, in order to evaluate not only the possible immediate consequences for their health but also the medium‐ and long‐term effects, and the effectiveness of the protective devices used. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cloning and characterisation of GIRK1 variants resulting from alternative RNA editing of the KCNJ3 gene transcript in a human breast cancer cell line
Authors: Wagner Valerie , Stadelmeyer Elke , Riederer Monika , Regitnig Peter , Gorischek Astrid , DeVaney Trevor , Schmidt Kurt , Tritthart Helmut A. , Hirschberg Koret , Bauernhofer Thomas , Schreibmayer Wolfgang 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the impact of increased mRNA levels encoding GIRK1 in breast tumours on GIRK protein expression. mRNA levels encoding hGIRK1 and hGIRK4 in the MCF7, MCF10A and MDA‐MB‐453 breast cancer cell lines were assessed and the corresponding proteins detected using Western blots. cDNAs encoding for four hGIRK1 splice variants (hGIRK1a, 1c, 1d and 1e) were cloned from the MCF7 cell line. Subcellular localisation of fluorescence labelled hGIRK1a–e and hGIRK4 and of endogenous GIRK1 and GIRK4 subunits was monitored in the MCF7 cell line. All hGIRK1 splice variants and hGIRK4 were predominantly located within the endoplasmic reticulum. Heterologous expression in Xenopus laevis oocytes and two electrode voltage clamp experiments together with confocal microscopy were performed. Only the hGIRK1a subunit was able to form functional GIRK channels in connection with hGIRK4. The other splice variants are expressed, but exert a dominant negative effect on heterooligomeric channel function. Hence, alternative splicing of the KCNJ3 gene transcript in the MCF7 cell line leads to a family of mRNA's, encoding truncated versions of the hGIRK1 protein. The very high abundance of mRNA's encoding GIRK1 together with the presence of GIRK1 protein suggests a pathophysiological role in breast cancer. J. Cell. Biochem. 110: 598–608, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Enhanced connexin 43 expression delays intra‐mitoitc duration and cell cycle traverse independently of gap junction channel function
Authors: Johnstone Scott R. , Best Angela K. , Wright Catherine S. , Isakson Brant E. , Errington Rachel J. , Martin Patricia E. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractConnexins (Cxs) and gap junction (GJ)‐mediated communication have been linked with the regulation of cell cycle traverse. However, it is not clear whether Cx expression or GJ channel function are the key mediators in this process or at what stage this regulation may occur. We therefore tested the hypothesis that enhanced Cx expression could alter the rate of cell cycle traverse independently of GJ channel function. Sodium butyrate (NaBu) or anti‐arrhythmic peptide (AAP10) were used to enhance Cx expression in HeLa cells stably expressing Cx43 (HeLa‐43) and primary cultures of human fibroblasts (HFF) that predominantly express Cx43. To reduce GJ‐mediated communication, 18‐α‐glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) was used. In HeLa‐43 and HFF cells, NaBu and AAP10 enhanced Cx43 expression and increased channel function, while GA reduced GJ‐mediated communication but did not significantly alter Cx43 expression levels. Timelapse microscopy and flow cytometry of HeLa‐WT (wild‐type, Cx deficient) and HeLa‐43 cells dissected cell cycle traverse and enabled measurements of intra‐mitotic time and determined levels of G1 arrest. Enhanced Cx43 expression increased mitotic durations corresponding with a G1 delay in cell cycle, which was linked to an increase in expression of the cell cycle inhibitor p21waf1/cip1 in both HeLa‐43 and HFF cells. Reductions in Cx43 channel function did not abrogate these responses, indicating that GJ channel function was not a critical factor in reducing cell proliferation in either cell type. We conclude that enhanced Cx43 expression and not GJ‐mediated communication, is involved in regulating cell cycle traverse. J. Cell. Biochem. 110: 772–782, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Morphine treatment of human monocyte‐derived macrophages induces differential miRNA and protein expression: Impact on inflammation and oxidative stress in the central nervous system
Authors: Dave Rajnish S. , Khalili Kamel 
Published: April 2010

AbstractHIV‐1‐infected opiate abusers often exhibit an accelerated form of HIV‐1‐associated dementia and enhanced neurological dysfunction. Productive HIV‐1 infection of microglia and perivascular macrophages and the resultant secretion of neurotoxic molecules by these cells contribute to this phenomenon. In order to understand the role of morphine in this process, we performed a genome‐wide association study at the micro RNA (miRNA) and protein levels in human monocyte‐derived macrophages (h‐mdms). A total of 26 differentially expressed miRNA were identified (P < 0.01), of which hsa‐miR‐15b and hsa‐miR‐181b had the greatest increase and decrease in expression levels, respectively. Computational analysis predicted fibroblast growth factor‐2 (FGF‐2) as the strongest target gene for hsa‐miR15b. Of note, we observed a decrease in FGF‐2 protein expression in response to morphine. Both hsa‐miR‐15b and hsa‐miR‐181b have several predicted gene targets involved in inflammation and T‐cell activation pathways. In this context, we observed induction of MCP‐2 and IL‐6 by morphine. Moreover, proteomic analysis revealed the induction of mitochondrial superoxide dismutase in response to morphine treatment. HIV‐1 infection did not induce mitochondrial superoxide dismutase. Collectively, these observations demonstrate that morphine induces inflammation and oxidative stress in h‐mdms thereby contributing to expansion of HIV‐1 CNS reservoir expansion and disease progression. Of note, differentially expressed miRNAs (hsa‐miR‐15b and 181‐b) may have a potential role in regulating these processes. J. Cell. Biochem. 110: 834–845, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Low‐concentration heparin suppresses ionomycin‐activated CAMK‐II/EGF receptor‐ and ERK‐mediated signaling in mesangial cells
Authors: Song LiFang , Xiao Weiqun , Templeton Douglas M. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractHeparin and endogenous heparinoids inhibit the proliferation of smooth muscle cells, including renal mesangial cells; multiple effects on signaling pathways are well established, including effects on PKC, Erk, and CaMK‐II. Many studies have used heparin at concentrations of 100 µg/ml or higher, whereas endogenous concentrations of heparinoids are much lower. Here we report the effects of low‐concentration (1 µg/ml) heparin on activation of several kinases and subsequent induction of the c‐fos gene in mesangial cells in response to the calcium ionophore, ionomycin, in the absence of serum factors. Ionomycin rapidly increases the phosphorylation of CaMK‐II (by 30 s), and subsequently of the EGF receptor (EGFR), c‐Src, and Erk 1/2. Low‐dose heparin suppresses the ionomycin‐dependent phosphorylation of EGFR, c‐Src, and Erk 1/2, but not of CaMK‐II, whereas inhibition of activated CaMK‐II reduces phosphorylation of EGFR, c‐Src, and Erk. Our data support a mechanism whereby heparin acts at the cell surface to suppress downstream targets of CaMK‐II, including EGFR, leading in turn to a decrease in Erk‐ (but not c‐Src‐) dependent induction of c‐fos. J. Cell. Physiol. 224: 484–490, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cell death shapes embryonic lineages of the central complex in the grasshopper Schistocerca gregaria
Authors: Boyan George , Herbert Zsofia , Williams Leslie 
Published: April 2010

AbstractWe have investigated cell death in identified lineages of the central complex in the embryonic brain of the grasshopper Schistocerca gregaria. Progeny from these lineages lie in the pars intercerebralis and direct projections to the protocerebral bridge and then the central body via the w, x, y, z tracts. Osmium‐ethyl gallate staining reveals pycnotic cells exclusively in cortical regions, and concentrated specifically within the lineages of the W, X, Y, Z neuroblasts. Minimal cell death occurs in a sporadic, nonpatterned manner, in other protocerebral regions. Immunohistochemistry reveals pycnotic cells express the enzyme cleaved Caspase‐3 in their cytoplasm and are therefore undergoing programmed cell death (apoptosis). The number of pycnotic bodies in lineages of the pars intercerebralis varies with age: small numbers are present in the Y, Z lineages early in embryogenesis (42%), the number peaks at 67–80%, and then declines and disappears late in embryogenesis. Cell death may encompass up to 20% of a lineage at mid‐embryogenesis. Peak cell death occurs shortly after maximum neurogenesis in the Y, Z lineages, and is maintained after neurogenesis has ceased in these lineages. Cell death within a lineage is patterned. Apoptosis is more pronounced among older cells and almost absent among younger cells. This suggests that specific subsets of progeny will be culled from these lineages, and we speculate about the effect of apoptosis on the biochemical profile of such lineages. J. Morphol. 271:949–959, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Incorporation of aerosol effects in a clear‐sky semi‐empirical model of UVER radiation for Valencia, Spain
Authors: Núñez M. , Marín M. J. , Utrillas M. P. , Estellés V. , Martínez‐Lozano J. A. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe study develops a simple but physically based model for estimating erythemal irradiance [(UV erythemal radiation (UVER)] for cloudless urban regions with substantial aerosol load, such as that of the Valencia environment in Spain. The model estimates direct and diffuse UVER for cloudless aerosol‐free conditions using the LibRadtran model with a DISORT algorithm. Aerosol optical thickness for UVER (τaER) is obtained as a residual term by comparing measured direct UVER against modelled direct UVER in the absence of aerosol load. On average, τaER is 18% higher than τ data extrapolated to 305 nm using the CIMEL CE‐318. Comparison of measured direct and diffuse UVER with model estimates provide the single scattering albedo (ωER), which on average is 0.88 for Burjassot, Valencia.When tested against independent data, hourly root mean square (RMS) errors are 6.2% if both aerosol properties are known independently. The error is 7.6% when monthly averages of these aerosol properties are used to estimate hourly erythemal irradiance in other years. However, errors are larger, at 18.0%, when monthly estimates of these aerosol properties are used at other experimental sites in the region with no aerosol data. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society