bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extending decoupled software pipeline to parallelize Java programs
Authors: Loureiro André , Porto João Paulo , Araujo Guido 
Published: May 2012

SUMMARYProgrammers can no longer rely solely on micro‐architectural and technology improvements to have their programs running faster. In today's multicore chips, parallel code needs to be explicitly written to extract any benefits from the extra available processing power. A recently proposed technique to parallelize general‐purpose programs' loops at the binary level, called decoupled software pipeline (DSWP), has shown good performance numbers only under the assumption of a fast hardware intercore communication queue. In this paper, we propose Java‐DSWP, a source‐level DSWP‐based parallelization technique that is much simpler than original DSWP and can be used to effectively parallelize Java applications. In addition, we propose and evaluate a software intercore communication scheme that enables code parallelized through Java‐DSWP to be executed in commodity machines, thus not requiring a hardware intercore communication queue to be efficient, as DSWP does. We analyze three memory communication queue implementations and show experimental results that reveal an average 48% speedup on some SPCjvm2008 benchmarks. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Choice with delayed or uncertain reinforcers in rats: Influence of timeout duration and session length
Authors: Zoratto Francesca , Laviola Giovanni , Adriani Walter 
Published: May 2012

AbstractInterest is rising for animal modeling of impaired behavioral inhibition. Impulsivity and risk proneness, key symptoms of impulse‐control disorders, are classically measured by Intolerance to Delay (ID) and Probabilistic Delivery (PD) tasks, requiring choice between a “Small & Soon” or “Sure” (SS) versus a “Large & Late” or “Luck‐Linked” (LL or LLL, respectively) reinforcer. Several temporal parameters shall be set, which are not always explicit. Here, we focused on duration of timeout (TO; three groups: 15, 30, or 45 s; Exp. 1) and on session length (SL; three groups: 60, 90, or 120 min; Exp. 2) to determine whether these parameters may affect rats' performance in ID and PD tasks, respectively. In Exp. 1, rats' reaction to increasing experimental delays (absolute values 0–90 s, delay‐equivalent odds 0 to 1.94 ± 0.11) was critically affected by TO duration: a steeper impulsivity curve was found in subjects tested with the longest TO, while random performance was elicited with too short TO. In Exp. 2, a specific “gambling” part was presented (LLL probability lower than 20%). Subjects tested with the shortest session length (60 min), who had a low number of gambling opportunities (performed trials = 84.33 ± 1.91), exhibited a profile of risk proneness, with sustained LLL preference despite high uncertainty and low payoff. Present data demonstrate that TO and SL crucially influence rats' performance in these operant tasks. Their methodological refinement is highly relevant to validate preclinical models for inhibitory‐control impairments. Synapse 66:792–806, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
EVERY TOPOLOGICALLY AMENABLE LOCALLY COMPACT QUANTUM GROUP IS AMENABLE
Authors: ZOBEIDI AMIN 
Published: May 2012

AbstractWe prove that every topologically amenable locally compact quantum group is amenable. This answers an open problem by Bédos and Tuset [‘Amenability and co-amenability for locally compact quantum groups’, Internat. J. Math.14 (2003), 865–884].
Genetic and environmental predictors of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations among middle-aged and elderly Chinese in Singapore
Authors: Robien Kim , Butler Lesley M. , Wang Renwei , Beckman Kenneth B. , Walek Dinesha , Koh Woon-Puay , Yuan Jian-Min 
Published: May 2012

Vitamin D is known for maintaining Ca homeostasis and bone structure, and may also decrease susceptibility to chronic and infectious diseases. However, data on vitamin D status and its predictors among Southeast Asian populations are limited. We evaluated the distribution and determinants (genetic and environmental) of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations among 504 middle-aged and elderly participants (aged 45–74 years) in the Singapore Chinese Health Study. Data on dietary and other lifestyle factors were collected by trained interviewers. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations and genetic polymorphisms in vitamin D metabolism pathway enzymes (cytochrome P450 (CYP)2R1,3A4,27B1,24A1; vitamin D binding protein (also known as group-specific component,GC); and vitamin D receptor) were measured using stored biospecimens. Mean 25(OH)D concentration was 68·8 nmol/l. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were positively associated with dietary vitamin D intake, and inversely associated with hours spent sitting at work. BMI was not associated with 25(OH)D concentrations.CYP2R1rs10741657, rs12794714, rs1993116;CYP3A4rs2242480; andGCrs4588, rs7041, rs16847015, rs2298849 were statistically significantly associated with 25(OH)D concentrations. Individuals with theGc2-2haplotype (rs4588AA/rs7041TT) had statistically significantly lower 25(OH)D concentrations compared to all otherGchaplotypes (P-trend < 0·001). The majority of participants (86 %) had 25(OH)D concentrations ≥ 50 nmol/l, which is consistent with the 2011 Institute of Medicine (US) recommendation for bone health, and 32 % had concentrations of ≥ 75 nmol/l that are thought to be required for broader health effects. Dietary vitamin D intake, hours spent indoors at work and genetic variation inCYP2R1,CYP3A4andGCare significant predictors of 25(OH)D concentrations among Singapore Chinese.
Multiple symmetrical lipomatosis: case report and literature review
Authors: Sia K J , Tang I P , Tan T Y 
Published: May 2012

AbstractObjective:To discuss the pathophysiology and various treatment methods of multiple symmetrical lipomatosis.Case report:We report a case of multiple symmetrical lipomatosis in a middle-aged man. He presented to us with an extensive, disfiguring neck mass. Clinical examination and computed tomography suggested a lipomatous mass without compression of vital neck structures. The proximity of the lipomatous mass to the carotid sheaths attracted our interest. We performed surgical excision in this case, because of the deep infiltrative behaviour of the lipoma. The benefits and drawbacks of liposuction and surgical excision of extensive neck lipomatosis are discussed.Conclusion:Surgical excision and liposuction are complementary treatments in the management of multiple symmetrical lipomatosis. Patients should be aware of the limitations of both surgical options, and the risk of lipoma recurrence, before surgery. The decision on the mode of surgery relies upon the disease extent, the patient's expectations and the surgeon's experience.
Acute presentation of a plunging ranula causing respiratory distress: case report
Authors: Effat K G 
Published: May 2012

AbstractObjective:A plunging ranula is an uncommon cause of neck swelling which typically presents in a gradually progressive fashion. This report describes a rare case of acute presentation of a plunging ranula. The condition progressed rapidly to respiratory distress, requiring urgent surgery.Case report:A 14-year-old male student presented with a rapidly enlarging neck swelling associated with a sublingual swelling. Computed tomography suggested the diagnosis of plunging ranula. Several hours after admission, the neck swelling became very tense and the sublingual swelling enlarged dramatically. The tongue was pushed upwards and backwards by the sublingual swelling, causing respiratory embarrassment and requiring urgent surgery. Four months after surgery, there was no evidence of recurrence.Conclusion:To the best of the author's knowledge, this is the first case report of a plunging ranula progressing acutely and rapidly to cause respiratory compromise. The literature is reviewed and pertinent features concerning the diagnosis and management of plunging ranula are presented.
Brain functional abnormality in schizo-affective disorder: an fMRI study
Authors: Madre M. , Pomarol-Clotet E. , McKenna P. , Radua J. , Ortiz-Gil J. , Panicali F. , Goikolea J. M. , Vieta E. , Sarró S. , Salvador R. , Amann B. L. 
Published: May 2012

BackgroundSchizo-affective disorder has not been studied to any significant extent using functional imaging. The aim of this study was to examine patterns of brain activation and deactivation in patients meeting strict diagnostic criteria for the disorder.MethodThirty-two patients meeting Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC) for schizo-affective disorder (16 schizomanic and 16 schizodepressive) and 32 matched healthy controls underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during performance of the n-back task. Linear models were used to obtain maps of activations and deactivations in the groups.ResultsControls showed activation in a network of frontal and other areas and also deactivation in the medial frontal cortex, the precuneus and the parietal cortex. Schizo-affective patients activated significantly less in prefrontal, parietal and temporal regions than the controls, and also showed failure of deactivation in the medial frontal cortex. When task performance was controlled for, the reduced activation in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and the failure of deactivation of the medial frontal cortex remained significant.ConclusionsSchizo-affective disorder shows a similar pattern of reduced frontal activation to schizophrenia. The disorder is also characterized by failure of deactivation suggestive of default mode network dysfunction.
Hesiodic reminiscences in Zoroastrian–Hellenistic apocalypses
Authors: Dobroruka Vicente 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThis article fits into the general picture of investigations on meta-historical thinking in Antiquity, as well as possible links between Persian apocalyptic literature and early Christian literature. The paper also explores the long-standing debate on the influence of Zoroastrian thought on Jewish–Christian apocalyptic – or whether it was rather the other way round.
“By virtue of your knowledge”: Scientific materialism and thefatwās of Rashīd Riḍā
Authors: Stolz Daniel A. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThis article examines severalfatwās by the important Muslim reformer Muḥammad Rashīd Riḍā. It treats thesefatwās as part of a broader Arabic debate on “materialism” at the end of the nineteenth and the beginning of the twentieth century. In this context, Riḍā'sfatwās on materialism illustrate the changing nature of Islamic religious authority in this period, as new kinds of knowledge became available to new kinds of readers.
The use of the Internet in collecting CDI data – an example from Norway
Authors: KRISTOFFERSEN KRISTIAN E. , SIMONSEN HANNE GRAM , BLESES DORTHE , WEHBERG SONJA , JØRGENSEN RUNE NØRGÅRD , EIESLAND ELI ANNE , HENRIKSEN LAILA YVONNE 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACTThis article presents the methodology used in a population-based study of early communicative development in Norwegian children using an adaptation of the MacArthur-Bates communicative development inventories (CDI), comprising approximately 6500 children aged between 0 ; 8 and 3 ; 0. To our knowledge, this is the first CDI study collecting data via the Internet. After a short description of the procedures used in adapting the CDI to Norwegian and the selection of participants, we discuss the advantages and potential pitfalls of using web-based forms as a method of data collection. We found that use of web-based forms was far less time-consuming, and therefore also far less expensive than the traditional paper-based forms. The risk of coding errors was virtually eliminated with this method. We conclude that in a society with high access to the Internet, this is a method well worth pursuing.
Adult congenital heart disease interventions: recommendations from a Joint Working Group of the British Congenital Cardiac Association, British Cardiovascular Intervention Society, and the British Cardiovascular Society
Authors: Qureshi Shakeel A. , Hildick-Smith David , de Giovanni Jo , Clift Paul , Stuart Graham , Henderson Rob , Brecker Stephen , Hackett David , Ray Simon , de Belder Mark 
Published: May 2012

AbstractIn order to optimise care of the adult patients with complex congenital heart disease, there is a need to develop recommendations for interventions. This document is the work of representatives of the three relevant societies and provides recommendations for institutions and operators performing cardiac interventions in these patients.
Modeling of slow slip events along the deep subduction zone in the Kii Peninsula and Tokai regions, southwest Japan
Authors: Shibazaki Bunichiro , Obara Kazushige , Matsuzawa Takanori , Hirose Hitoshi 
Published: May 2012

In the subduction zone of southwest Japan, short‐term slow slip events (SSEs) occur with low frequency tremors (LFTs) at intervals of several months. Recently LFTs have been located with high resolution and their activities have been examined in detail. By setting the generation zones of SSEs such that these zones contain the LFT hypocenters, we simulate SSEs on a 3D plate interface beneath the Kii Peninsula and Tokai regions by using a rate‐ and state‐dependent friction law with a small cut‐off velocity for the evolution effect. Our numerical results show that recurrence intervals of SSEs in the southern and central Kii Peninsula, in the northern Kii Peninsula, and in the Tokai region are 2.5–3.0, 4.8–5.6, and 3.5–4.5 months, respectively, which are consistent with observed SSE activity. Our simulation also produces a multisegment event that propagates from the Kii to Tokai segments at a speed of 10 km/day, which is consistent with observations. The results suggest that generation zones of LFTs coincide with SSE regions and that these two events are different manifestations of the same slip process along the subduction zone. We also perform 3D modeling of faster events accompanied by short‐term SSEs by considering local circular patches with a smaller critical displacement, surrounded by SSE zones with a larger critical displacement. Local circular patches are set at the observed LFT locations. The simulation reproduces fast events that propagate at a speed of 100–200 km/day during a single SSE event.
Correlation analysis between ionospheric scintillation levels and receiver tracking performance
Authors: Sreeja V. , Aquino M. , Elmas Z. G. , Forte B. 
Published: May 2012

Rapid fluctuations in the amplitude and phase of a transionospheric radio signal caused by small scale plasma density irregularities in the ionosphere are known as scintillation. Scintillation can seriously impair a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite Systems) receiver tracking performance, thus affecting the required levels of availability, accuracy and integrity, and consequently the reliability of modern day GNSS based applications. This paper presents an analysis of correlation between scintillation levels and tracking performance of a GNSS receiver for GPS L1C/A, L2C and GLONASS L1, L2 signals. The analyses make use of data recorded over Presidente Prudente (22.1°S, 51.4°W, dip latitude ∼12.3°S) in Brazil, a location close to the Equatorial Ionisation Anomaly (EIA) crest in Latin America. The study presents for the first time this type of correlation analysis for GPS L2C and GLONASS L1, L2 signals. The scintillation levels are defined by the amplitude scintillation index, S4 and the receiver tracking performance is evaluated by the phase tracking jitter. Both S4 and the phase tracking jitter are estimated from the post correlation In‐Phase (I) and Quadra‐Phase (Q) components logged by the receiver at a high rate. Results reveal that the dependence of the phase tracking jitter on the scintillation levels can be represented by a quadratic fit for the signals. The results presented in this paper are of importance to GNSS users, especially in view of the forthcoming high phase of solar cycle 24 (predicted for 2013).
Allosteric pathways in imidazole glycerol phosphate synthase
Authors: Rivalta Ivan , Sultan Mohammad M. , Lee Ning-Shiuan , Manley Gregory A. , Loria J. Patrick , Batista Victor S. 
Published: May 2012

Protein allosteric pathways are investigated in the imidazole glycerol phosphate synthase heterodimer in an effort to elucidate how the effector (PRFAR, N′-[(5′-phosphoribulosyl)formimino]-5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide) activates glutaminase catalysis at a distance of 25 Å from the glutamine-binding site. We apply solution NMR techniques and community analysis of dynamical networks, based on mutual information of correlated protein motions in the active and inactive enzymes. We find evidence that the allosteric pathways in the PRFAR bound enzyme involve conserved residues that correlate motion of the PRFAR binding loop to motion at the protein-protein interface, and ultimately at the glutaminase active site. The imidazole glycerol phosphate synthase bienzyme is an important branch point for the histidine and nucleotide biosynthetic pathways and represents a potential therapeutic target against microbes. The proposed allosteric mechanism and the underlying allosteric pathways provide fundamental insights for the design of new allosteric drugs and/or alternative herbicides.
Dermatophytic defensin with antiinfective potential
Authors: Zhu Shunyi , Gao Bin , Harvey Peta J. , Craik David J. 
Published: May 2012

Fungi are a newly emerging source of peptide antibiotics with therapeutic potential. Here, we report 17 new fungal defensin-like peptide (fDLP) genes and the detailed characterization of a corresponding synthetic fDLP (micasin) from a dermatophyte in terms of its structure, activity and therapeutic potential. NMR analysis showed that synthetic micasin adopts a “hallmark” cysteine-stablized α-helical and β-sheet fold. It was active on both Gram-positive and Gram-negtive bacteria, and importantly it killed two clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
and the opportunistic pathogen
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
at low micromolar concentrations. Micasin killed approximately 100% of treated bacteria within 3 h through a membrane nondisruptive mechanism of action, and showed extremely low hemolysis and high serum stability. Consistent with these functional properties, micasin increases survival in mice infected by the pathogenic bacteria in a peritonitis model. Our work represents a valuable approach to explore novel peptide antibiotics from a large resource of fungal genomes.
Glutathione/thioredoxin systems modulate mitochondrial H2O2 emission: An experimental-computational study
Authors: Aon Miguel Antonio , Stanley Brian Alan , Sivakumaran Vidhya , Kembro Jackelyn Melissa , O'Rourke Brian , Paolocci Nazareno , Cortassa Sonia 
Published: May 2012

The net emission of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) from mitochondria results from the balance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) continuously generated in the respiratory chain and ROS scavenging. The relative contribution of the two major antioxidant systems in the mitochondrial matrix, glutathione (GSH) and thioredoxin (Trx), has not been assessed. In this paper, we examine this key question via combined experimental and theoretical approaches, using isolated heart mitochondria from mouse, rat, and guinea pig.
As compared with untreated control mitochondria, selective inhibition of Trx reductase with auranofin along with depletion of GSH with 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene led to a species-dependent increase in H2O2 emission flux of 17, 11, and 6 fold in state 4 and 15, 7, and 8 fold in state 3 for mouse, rat, and guinea pig mitochondria, respectively. The maximal H2O2 emission as a percentage of the total O2 consumption flux was 11%/2.3% for mouse in states 4 and 3 followed by 2%/0.25% and 0.74%/0.29% in the rat and guinea pig, respectively.
A minimal computational model accounting for the kinetics of GSH/Trx systems was developed and was able to simulate increase in H2O2 emission fluxes when both scavenging systems were inhibited separately or together. Model simulations suggest that GSH/Trx systems act in concert. When the scavenging capacity of either one of them saturates during H2O2 overload, they relieve each other until complete saturation, when maximal ROS emission occurs.
Quantitatively, these results converge on the idea that GSH/Trx scavenging systems in mitochondria are both essential for keeping minimal levels of H2O2 emission, especially during state 3 respiration, when the energetic output is maximal. This suggests that the very low levels of H2O2 emission observed during forward electron transport in the respiratory chain are a result of the well-orchestrated actions of the two antioxidant systems working continuously to offset ROS production.
Abiotic drivers of coastal fish community change during four decades in the Baltic Sea
Authors: Olsson Jens , Bergström Lena , Gårdmark Anna 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
Olsson, J., Bergström, L., and Gårdmark, A. 2012. Abiotic drivers of coastal fish community change during four decades in the Baltic Sea – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 69: 961–970. Evidence for long-term change of marine ecosystems is increasing worldwide. Coastal areas harbour the socio-economically and ecologically most vital aquatic ecosystems, but are under increasing anthropogenic pressure. Little is known, however, about how environmental perturbations affect the development of coastal systems. In this paper, datasets of coastal fish communities covering almost four decades (early/mid 1970s to 2008) in three different basins of the Baltic Sea were analysed. There were clear changes in species composition over time in all but one dataset and coherence among basins in the timing of change. Changes were mainly associated with variables related to climate (water temperature, salinity, and North Atlantic Oscillation index), but less so with those reflecting nutrient status (nutrient concentrations and loading). Despite the importance of local water temperature, regional climatic variables were more important for the temporal development of communities. The results indicate that Baltic coastal fish communities have undergone large structural changes governed by processes acting on both local and regional scales. The findings suggest that ecological targets should be set accounting for long-term changes in community structure and that a common management of coastal and offshore ecosystems would be beneficial.