bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Providing ABO‐identical platelets and cryoprecipitate to (almost) all patients: approach, logistics, and associated decreases in transfusion reaction and red blood cell alloimmunization incidence
Authors: Henrichs Kelly F. , Howk Nedda , Masel Debra S. , Thayer Mark , Refaai Majed A. , Kirkley Scott A. , Heal Joanna M. , Blumberg Neil 
Published: September 2011

BACKGROUND: There are multiple benefits to transfusing only ABO‐identical blood components. Historically our institution routinely transfused ABO‐nonidentical platelets (PLTs) and cryoprecipitate to surgical patients. In April 2005, we implemented a policy of transfusing only ABO‐identical components whenever feasible, regardless of outdating or logistic considerations.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Technical staff closely monitored product usage and adjusted blood center orders based on recent utilization and planned transfusions. When unable to provide ABO‐identical PLTs, ABO‐compatible PLTs were washed to remove incompatible plasma. Data on outdating were collected for 18 months before and after implementation. We compared transfusion reaction and red blood cell (RBC) alloimmunization incidence for 4 years preceding (2001‐2004) and subsequent (2006‐2009) to implementation.RESULTS: In the year after implementation, only 11 of 410 surgical patients received ABO‐nonidentical PLTs (2.7%). There was a 5.6% increase in outdating of PLTs. Transfusing ABO‐identical components was associated with significant reductions in febrile (−46%; 8.0 to 4.3 per 10,000 components; p < 0.0001) and allergic transfusion reactions (−23%; from 7.0 to 5.4 per 10,000 components; p = 0.025). A progressive reduction in de novo RBC alloimmunization incidence also occurred (−50% by 2009; p = 0.03).CONCLUSIONS: Providing ABO‐identical PLTs to almost all patients was feasible in our setting by changing ordering and inventorying procedures and making the ABO‐identical policy a staff priority. Unexpected and striking reductions in febrile and allergic reactions and RBC alloimmunization were observed, of uncertain causal relationship to this ABO policy change, which will require further study.
Transfusion‐related acute lung injury prevention measures and their impact at Canadian Blood Services
Authors: Lin Yulia , Saw Chee‐Loong , Hannach Barbara , Goldman Mindy 
Published: September 2011

BACKGROUND: Blood operators have taken measures to reduce transfusion‐related acute lung injury (TRALI). We classified suspected TRALI cases reported to Canadian Blood Services from 2001 to 2009 and assessed the impact of TRALI reduction measures.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Using Canadian Consensus Conference definitions, cases were reviewed by two experts or, from 2006 to 2009, a TRALI Medical Review Group (TMRG). Detection of HLA antibodies was performed using the Luminex system starting in 2008. Measures implemented from 2007 to 2009 included use of predominantly male plasma, suspension of buffy coat platelets in male plasma, and deferral of females with a pregnancy history from plateletpheresis. The buffy coat production method was implemented from 2005 to 2008.RESULTS: Reporting of all suspected TRALI cases, as well as cases classified as definite or possible, increased from 2001 to 2004, was stable from 2004 to 2007, and declined in 2008 to 2009. The decline was most marked for plasma‐associated cases, but occurred for all components. TMRG consensus on classification was achieved in 56% of cases. Cases identified as definitive or possible TRALI were significantly more likely to have donor antibody against a corresponding recipient antigen, compared to other cases.CONCLUSION: Hemovigilance data demonstrated an initial increase in TRALI cases, likely due to increased adverse event reporting and awareness of TRALI, followed by a decrease in cases related to all components. TRALI prevention measures and possibly the switch to the buffy coat production method may have contributed to the decline. Classification of cases remains challenging.
Overcoming Artifacts and Fears: Electrophysiology Study and Radiofrequency Ablation in a Parkinsonian Patient with Supraventricular Tachycardia and a Brain Neurostimulator
Authors: KANAGARATNAM LOGAN , LEE ADAM , WHALLEY DAVID , FIGTREE GEMMA A. 
Published: September 2011

With the ageing of the population and expanding use of deep brain stimulation in the treatment of various neurological and neuropsychiatric conditions, there will be an increasing number of patients with these devices who present with cardiac conditions necessitating electrophysiology studies (EPS). However, neurostimulator devices have been shown to cause significant artifacts on electrocardiography recordings. We present the case of a 53‐year‐old Parkinsonian woman with a brain neurostimulator device who underwent a successful EPS with radiofrequency ablation.(PACE 2013; 36:e1–e3)
“Pseudo PJRT”—Fast‐Slow AV Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia Presenting with Tachycardia‐Induced Cardiomyopathy
Authors: SELVARAJ RAJA , ANANTHAKRISHNAPILLAI AJITH , SADASIVAM RAVISHANKAR , BALACHANDER JAYARAMAN 
Published: September 2011

A 52‐year‐old woman presented with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and incessant narrow complex tachycardia. Electrocardiogram and clinical picture were suggestive of a permanent form of junctional reciprocating tachycardia, but electrophysiology study showed the tachycardia to be a fast‐slow form of atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT). Slow pathway ablation terminated the tachycardia and the LV dysfunction resolved completely at follow‐up. Fast‐slow AVNRT has not been reported to present in incessant form, and the mechanism in this patient was absent retrograde fast pathway conduction resulting in easy initiation and maintenance of tachycardia.(PACE 2013; 36:e4–e6)
Predictors of Recurrence in Patients Undergoing Cryoballoon Ablation for Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation: The Independent Role of Sleep‐Disordered Breathing
Authors: BITTER THOMAS , NÖLKER GEORG , VOGT JÜRGEN , PRINZ CHRISTIAN , HORSTKOTTE DIETER , OLDENBURG OLAF 
Published: September 2011

Predictors of AF Recurrence After Cryoballoon PVI. Introduction: In patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) undergoing pulmonary vein isolation, cryoballoon technique (cryoPVI) has been adopted in many centers. This study aimed to evaluate predictors of AF recurrence including impact of sleep‐disordered breathing (SDB).
Methods and Results:
In 82 patients consecutively assigned to cryoPVI cardiorespiratory screening for SDB, assessment of medical history, ECG, echocardiography, standard laboratory measurement, and blood gas analysis were performed prior to intervention. After a 3‐month blanking period, a 7‐day Holter ECG was performed at 3, 6 and then every 6 months to determine AF recurrence. Seventy‐five patients (69 paroxysmal AF, 6 persistent AF, 22 female, age 60 ± 9 years) completed at least 6‐month follow‐up. Median follow‐up of 12 months (interquartile range 6–18 months) confirmed maintenance of sinus rhythm in 69.4% of these patients. Stepwise forward regression model revealed moderate to severe SDB (cut‐off apnea‐hypopnea‐index (AHI) ≥ 15 per hour; Hazard Ratio (HR) 2.95, P = 0.04), early recurrence of AF (HR 8.74, P < 0.001), persistent AF (HR 7.16, P < 0.001), preprocedural class III‐antiarrhythmic drug treatment (HR 3.63, P = 0.02), but not SDB per se (AHI ≥ 5 per hour) as independent predictors for AF recurrence.
Conclusion:
Moderate to severe SDB is a treatable condition that independently predicts AF recurrence in patients undergoing cryoPVI. Screening for SDB and adequate treatment may improve long‐term success of cryoPVI. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 23, pp. 18‐25, January 2012)
How Linguistic and Cultural Forces Shape Conceptions of Time: English and Mandarin Time in 3D
Authors: Fuhrman Orly , McCormick Kelly , Chen Eva , Jiang Heidi , Shu Dingfang , Mao Shuaimei , Boroditsky Lera 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIn this paper we examine how English and Mandarin speakers think about time, and we test how the patterns of thinking in the two groups relate to patterns in linguistic and cultural experience. In Mandarin, vertical spatial metaphors are used more frequently to talk about time than they are in English; English relies primarily on horizontal terms. We present results from two tasks comparing English and Mandarin speakers’ temporal reasoning. The tasks measure how people spatialize time in three‐dimensional space, including the sagittal (front/back), transverse (left/right), and vertical (up/down) axes. Results of Experiment 1 show that people automatically create spatial representations in the course of temporal reasoning, and these implicit spatializations differ in accordance with patterns in language, even in a non‐linguistic task. Both groups showed evidence of a left‐to‐right representation of time, in accordance with writing direction, but only Mandarin speakers showed a vertical top‐to‐bottom pattern for time (congruent with vertical spatiotemporal metaphors in Mandarin). Results of Experiment 2 confirm and extend these findings, showing that bilinguals’ representations of time depend on both long‐term and proximal aspects of language experience. Participants who were more proficient in Mandarin were more likely to arrange time vertically (an effect of previous language experience). Further, bilinguals were more likely to arrange time vertically when they were tested in Mandarin than when they were tested in English (an effect of immediate linguistic context).
The influence of dental attendance on change in oral health–related quality of life
Authors: Crocombe Leonard A. , Brennan D. S. , Slade G. D. 
Published: September 2011

Crocombe LA, Brennan DS, Slade GD. The influence of dental attendance on change in oral health–related quality of life. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2012; 40: 53–63. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/SAbstract –  Background: Few longitudinal studies have investigated the association between dental attendance and oral health–related quality of life (OHRQoL). These studies were limited to older adults, or to study participants with an oral disadvantage and did not assess if dental attendance had a different effect on OHRQoL for different people. Objective: This project was designed to test whether routine dental attendance improved the OHRQoL of survey participants and whether any patient factors influenced the effect of dental attendance on change in OHRQoL. Methods: Collection instruments of a service use log book and a 12 month follow‐up mail self‐complete questionnaire were added to the Tasmanian component of the National Survey of Adult Oral Health 2004/06. The dependent variable was change in OHIP‐14 severity and the independent variable was dental attendance. Many putative confounders/effect modifiers were analysed in bivariate, stratified and three‐model multivariate analyses. These included indicators of treatment need, sociodemographic characteristics, socioeconomic status, pattern of dental attendance and access to dental care. Results: None of the putative confounders were associated with both dental attendance and the change in mean OHIP‐14 severity. The only statistically significant interaction for change in OHIP‐14 severity was observed for dental attendance by residential location (P < 0.01). In multivariate analysis, there was a statistically significant association of dental attendance with change in mean OHIP‐14 severity. It also showed that the difference in association of attendance between Hobart, the capital city of Tasmania, and other places was statistically significant based on the interaction between residential location and attendance (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The effect of dental attendance on OHRQoL was influenced by a patient's residential location.
Classification and description of alluvial plant communities of the Piedmont region, North Carolina, USA
Authors: Matthews Elizabeth R. , Peet Robert K. , Weakley Alan S. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractQuestions: What are the alluvial vegetation types of the North Carolina Piedmont? How is species composition related to site conditions?Location: Catawba, Yadkin‐PeeDee, Cape Fear, Neuse and Tar‐Pamlico River Basins, North Carolina Piedmont region, southeast USA.Methods: We recorded 194 alluvial vegetation plots. Vegetation types were derived using flexible β‐hierarchical cluster analysis and random forests classifiers to reassign misclassified plots. We used canonical correspondence analysis to show the relationship between species composition and key environmental variables.Results: Twelve forested vegetation types and two herbaceous types were distinguished, nested within a hierarchical classification structure ive higher‐level groups. The five mega groups describe broad geomorphic–floristic conditions, whereas the narrower vegetation types characterize finer‐scale floristic variation. Floristic variation is related to stream order and soil chemistry (pH and Ca:Mg ratio), as well as soil texture variables (percentage sand and percentage clay). We present a summary of floristic composition and structure, environmental setting and geographic distribution for each of the 14 vegetation types.Conclusions: We suggest recognition of 14 alluvial vegetation types in the North Carolina Piedmont. In comparing our vegetation types with the community concepts currently recognized in the US National Vegetation Classification, some of our types fit well within recognized NVC associations, whereas others deviate sharply from established types, suggesting the need for reworking the currently recognized NVC alluvial type concepts.
Vegetation survey: a new focus for Applied Vegetation Science
Authors: Chytrý Milan , Schaminée Joop H. J. , Schwabe Angelika 
Published: September 2011

AbstractVegetation survey is an important research agenda in vegetation science. It defines vegetation types and helps understand differences among them, which is essential for both basic ecological research and applications in biodiversity conservation and environmental monitoring. In this editorial, we reflect on the historical development and current state of vegetation survey worldwide and introduce the Special Feature ‘Vegetation Survey’, as well as the new section of the same name in Applied Vegetation Science. The current Special Feature contains eight vegetation survey studies from North America, New Zealand, Europe and Asia. Most of these studies describe diversity of important vegetation types across large areas and some are also innovative from the methodological viewpoint. They illustrate current trends in vegetation survey in different parts of the world and also represent some examples of the type of studies that we wish to publish in the ‘Vegetation Survey’ section in future issues of Applied Vegetation Science.
Shakespeare and Marriage: An Open Question
Authors: Dolan Frances E. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractMarriage is a focus of conflict today, from lamentations about divorce rates to legal contests over same‐sex marriage. It was equally contested in Shakespeare’s England, even if the issues at stake were somewhat different. Recent scholarship on the history of marriage has unsettled many of the assumptions that once governed discussions of early modern marriage and its representation on the stage. It is no longer safe to assume we know what early modern marriage meant, how it felt, or what it achieved or required. This essay focuses particularly on new research on rates of marriage in early modern England, on married women’s agency, will, and work, and on same‐sex attachments. What are the implications of these new approaches for our readings of Shakespeare’s plays? Is marriage a happy ending? Is it an ending at all?
Haggard Criticism since 1980: Imperial Romance Before and After the Postcolonial Turn
Authors: Hultgren Neil E. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThis paper surveys a selection of criticism of H. Rider Haggard, late Victorian British writer of imperial romances known for King Solomon’s Mines (1885) and She (1887). In a period spanning from 1980 to the present, Haggard criticism has evinced a continued interest in issues of gender and imperialism. This fascination was to a great extent influenced by the popularity of postcolonial criticism after 1985. While works by Wendy Katz and Norman Etherington show that earlier discussions of imperialism in Haggard were motivated by debates about Haggard’s status as an author and the literary value of his works, subsequent publications beginning in the late 1980s highlight the complicated and often ambivalent nature of Haggard’s relationship with imperial discourse. As multiple critics from the 1990s have shown, Haggard’s works, whether understood in relation to the literary culture of the imperial capital or the colonized spaces of South Africa, often reflect anxieties about Britain’s imperial power as well as Britain’s imperial designs on the places and peoples of Africa. Critics after 2000, however, must contend with a field saturated by postcolonial approaches to Haggard. Rather than return to the issues of imperialism and gender, recent critics of Haggard rely on approaches from textual studies and cultural history to explore newer, more specific aspects of Haggard’s work.
Recent Studies in Victorian English Literary Dialect and its Linguistic Connections
Authors: Edney Sue 
Published: September 2011

AbstractLiterary as well as linguistic scholars study dialect use in Victorian poetry and prose: the linguistic group generally examines the specifics of language use and tries to map its occurrence with a view to understanding its wider socio‐linguistic significance. Literary‐inclined research is interested in the aesthetic effects and affective power of local dialect – why a writer would choose to use it if they could as easily write in national English. The 19th century was a rich period for dialect writers and linguists alike. Literary English dialect – that is, the use of local language in narrative, dramatic or lyrical textual contexts – proved adaptable and expressive for a wide range of Victorian writers from Wordsworth to Dickens, and could transcend geographical and sociological boundaries. Recent studies have attempted to make more mutually helpful connections between linguistic and literary research, taking account of the history of both while encouraging wider debate across the two disciplines and their numerous sub‐categories. In the 21st century, diminishing linguistic diversity is a cross‐disciplinary concern for writers and researchers, as it relates to greater, global cultural shifts and even to biodiversity loss – losing the name for a thing might result in losing the thing. This essay picks out recent studies that seek to address these connections between linguistic and literary interests, and that provide scope for further exploration, linking research into Victorian attitudes to their cultural futures with our own.
Monstrous Philosophy: Charlotte Dacre’s Zofloya, or the Moor and John Milton’s Paradise Lost
Authors: Brewster Glen 
Published: September 2011

AbstractCharlotte Dacre’s novel Zofloya, or the Moor: A Romance of the 15th Century (1806) scandalized its contemporary reviewers, offended not only by its many references to erotic activity, often adulterous, or its extended scenes of violence, but also by its representation of the title character as an avatar of Satan. Critics of Gothic literature have offered varied interpretations of the moral issues presented in the novel, and the narrator makes numerous contradictory statements about morality, reason, and temptation. Dacre’s narrator often warns her readers (and her characters) to adhere to conventional moral principles in order to avoid evil for themselves and others, but her repeated references to Paradise Lost are similar to other Romantic era re‐visions that reveal much more interest in representations of rebellion against – rather than submission to – moralistic authority. In the novel, renaissance Venice becomes a type of anti‐Eden as Zofloya and Victoria debate the meaning of ‘right reason’ in alternate versions of the philosophy of Paradise Lost as they rationalize their sensual desires and crimes of power.
A signature of the internal reionization of the Milky Way?
Authors: Ocvirk Pierre , Aubert Dominique 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
We present a new semi-analytical model of the population of satellite galaxies of the Milky Way, aimed at estimating the effect of the geometry of reionization at galaxy scale on the properties of the satellites. In this model, reionization can be either (A) externally driven and uniform, or (B) internally driven by the most massive progenitor of the Milky Way. In the latter scenario, the propagation of the ionization front and photon dilution introduce a delay in the photoevaporation of the outer satellites' gas with respect to the inner satellites. As a consequence, outer satellites experience a longer period of star formation than those in the inner halo. We use simple models to account for star formation, the propagation of the ionization front, photoevaporation and observational biases. Both scenarios yield a model satellite population that matches the observed luminosity function and mass-to-light ratios. However, the predicted population for scenario (B) is significantly more extended spatially than for scenario (A), by about 0.3 dex in distance, resulting in a much better match to the observations. The survival of the signature left by the local ultraviolet field during reionization on the radial distribution of satellites makes it a promising tool for studying the reionization epoch at galaxy scale in the Milky Way and nearby galaxies resolved in stars with forthcoming large surveys. However, more work is needed to determine how the effect reported here can be disentangled from that of cosmic variance between different realizations of Milky Way haloes.
Jainism: Key Themes
Authors: Long Jeffery 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe Jains have constituted a small but highly culturally significant minority community in the Indian subcontinent for thousands of years. Probably best known for the profound commitment to an ethos of ahimsa, or nonviolence in thought, word, and deed, it is in the areas of nonviolence and ascetic practice that the Jains have had their greatest impact on the Hindu majority. Key themes and topics of ongoing scholarly debate and discussion in relation to Jainism are the question of its origins, the relationship of Jainism to Hinduism, the roles of women—especially ascetics—in the tradition, Jainism and ecology, and finally, the distinctive Jain approach to religious pluralism contained in a set of teachings called the Jain doctrines of relativity—anekantavada, nayavada, and syadvada.
What is Canadian about Canadian Buddhism?
Authors: Wilson Jeff 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBuddhism in Canada is part of a larger global network of Buddhist people, institutions, and practices in the modern world. It shares much with Buddhism in other countries, such as the United States. What, then, is distinctive about Canadian Buddhism? This article suggests five areas in which researchers may fruitfully probe for what is particular about Buddhism in Canada. These five areas are (1) the history of Buddhist individuals and institutions in Canada; (2) the impact of national and provincial laws and policies; (3) the impact of Canadian social and cultural characteristics, and efforts to create a self‐consciously Canadian Buddhism; (4) the landscape of Canada itself; and (5) Canadian Buddhism’s relationship with Buddhism in other countries.