bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical properties of strong 1 < z < 3 Balmer and Paschen line emitters observed with JWST
Authors: Seillé L.-M. , Buat V. , Fernández V. , Boquien M. , Roehlly Y. , Boselli A. , Calabrò A. , Amorín R. O. , Arrabal Haro P. , Backhaus B. E. , Bagley M. B. , Burgarella D. , Cleri N. J. , Dickinson M. , Finkelstein S. L. , Hathi N. P. , Holwerda B. W. , Kartaltepe J. S. , Koekemoer A. M. , Napolitano L. , Pacucci F. , Papovich C. , Pirzkal N. , Robertson C. , Yung L. Y. A. 
Published: June 2024

Context. The ultraviolet continuum traces young stars while the near-infrared unveils older stellar populations and dust-obscured regions. Balmer emission lines provide insights into gas properties and young stellar objects but are highly affected by dust attenuation. The near-infrared Paschen lines suffer less dust attenuation and can be used to measure star formation rates (SFRs) in star-forming regions obscured by dust clouds.
Aims. We present a new way of combining spectro-photometric data in order to test the robustness of the SFRs and stellar mass estimates of star-forming sources observed with JWST. We also aim to quantify the amount of differential attenuation between the interstellar medium and the birth clouds with the use of Paschen emission lines.
Methods. We select 13 sources between redshifts 1 and 3 observed with HST, JWST/NIRCam and NIRSpec based on the availability of at least one Balmer and one Paschen line with S/N ≥ 5. With a newly developed version of CIGALE, we fit their hydrogen line equivalent widths (EWs) and photometric data. We assess the impacts of the removal of spectroscopic data by comparing the quality of the fits of the spectro-photometric data to those with photometric data only. We compare the single (BC03) vs binary (BPASS) stellar population models in the fitting process of spectro-photometric data. We derive the differential attenuation and explore different attenuation recipes by fitting spectro-photometric data with BC03. For each stellar model and for each input dataset (with and without EWs), we quantify the deviation on the SFRs and stellar masses from the “standard” choice.
Results. The combination of spectro-photometric data provides robust constraints on the physical properties of galaxies, with a significant reduction in the uncertainties compared to using only photometric data. On average, the SFRs are overestimated and the stellar masses are underestimated when EWs are not included as input data. We find a major contribution of the Hα emission line to the broadband photometric measurements of our sources, and a trend of increasing contribution with specific SFR. Using the BPASS models has a significant impact on the derived SFRs and stellar masses, with SFRs being higher by an average of 0.13 dex and stellar masses being lower by an average of 0.18 dex compared to BC03. We show that a flexible attenuation recipe provides more accurate estimates of the dust attenuation parameters, especially the differential attenuation. Finally, we reconstruct the total effective attenuation curves of the most dust-obscured galaxies in our sample.
Ultrasound-guided breast-conserving surgery compared to conventional breast-conserving surgery
Authors: Boeer Bettina , Obermoser Jennifer , Marx Mario , Schönfisch Birgitt , Grube Marcel , Röhm Carmen , Helms Gisela , Fugunt Regina , Hartkopf Andreas D , Brucker Sara Y , Hahn Markus 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose The goal of breast-conserving surgery is to achieve negative tumor margins, since insufficient marginal distance is associated with more local and distant recurrences. This study investigates whether IOUS (intraoperative ultrasound) can reduce the re-resection rate compared to standard breast surgery, regardless of tumor biology and focality.
Materials and Methods The present study is a monocentric, prospective, randomized, and non-blinded parallel group study conducted between 7/2015 and 2/2018. Patients with sonographically visible breast cancer were randomized into two study arms: 1) breast-conserving surgery with IOUS; 2) conventional arm.
Results 364 patients were included in the study and underwent surgery. Tumor biology, size, and focality were equally distributed in both groups (p = 0.497). The study arms did not differ significantly in the proportion of preoperative wire markings (p= 0.084), specimen weight (p = 0.225), surgery duration (p = 0.849), and the proportion of shavings taken intraoperatively (p = 0.903). Positive margins were present in 16.6% of the cases in the IOUS arm and in 20.8% in the conventional arm (p = 0.347). Re-operation was necessary after intraoperative shavings in 14.4% of cases in the US arm and in 21.3% in the conventional arm (p = 0.100).
Conclusion Although the present study showed a clear difference in the rate of positive tumor margins with IOUS compared to conventional breast surgery without IOUS, this was not statistically significant in contrast to the current literature. This could be due to the high expertise of the breast surgeons, the precise wire marking, or the fact that the IOUS technique was not standardized.
Ramadan Fasting and Feasting Illustrated!
Authors: Aljanahi Muhanned Humaid , Afandi Bachar O. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis vignette highlights the challenges faced by individuals with diabetes during Ramadan fasting and provides recommendations for effective management. The vignette presents the case of a 56-year-old man with type 2 diabetes who observes Ramadan fasting without seeking medical advice, resulting in poorly controlled blood glucose levels and associated symptoms. It underscores the importance of pre-Ramadan consultation, frequent blood glucose monitoring, and tailored management plans to address the unique needs of patients with diabetes during this religious observance.
Physios für die Zukunft
Authors: Pintarelli-Rauschenbach Manuela 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungGesunde Umwelt – gesunde Zukunft. Gesunde Physiotherapiebranche – gesicherte Patient*innenversorgung. In
dieser Ausgabe vermitteln wir Ihnen, wie sich der VPT dafür einsetzt, dass sich die Rahmenbedingungen in
der Physiotherapie weiter verbessern und dass die physiotherapeutischen Berufe für den Nachwuchs
attraktiv bleiben. Ein ganz entscheidender Faktor dabei ist für junge Menschen – und uns alle – inwieweit
sich berufliches Handeln nachhaltig realisieren lässt. Wir beleuchten das Thema in unseren VPT
Campus-Seiten ab ► Seite 8. Lesen Sie, was der VPT angehenden Therapeut*innen bietet, um
sie fit für die Zukunft zu machen und das Thema „planetare Gesundheit“ mit zu berücksichtigen.
Fostering students’ geographical synthetic thinking using geographic subject mind maps
Authors: Huang Zhijie , Yang Ye , Dong Lirong , Gao Aimin , Guo Zhenyu , Wang Jiasheng , Zhang Xia , Zhao Yuanpeng , Lu Xiaoxu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe term “geographical synthetic thinking” is taken from the latest Chinese version of the “Geography Curriculum Standards” (General High School 2017 edition, Compulsory Education 2022 edition) and is one of the four core competencies prioritized in the teaching of geography at the secondary-school level. This study proposes that using geographic subject mind maps improves students’ geographical synthetic thinking and develops a set of geographic subject mind map (GSMM) drawing standards for teachers and matching standards and suggestions for teaching applications. Seven geography teachers and their students from eight class sections in seven provinces and cities in China were recruited to participate in the study. The teachers taught students how to use geographic subject mind maps designed to develop students’ geographical synthetic thinking in the geography classroom. After 4–5 experimental lessons, the geographical synthetic thinking level of the 267 valid student participants showed a significant improvement, with a statistically significant difference between pretest and posttest scores. The teachers’ level of application of geographic subject mind maps in teaching was significantly and positively correlated with the students’ improvements in geographical synthetic thinking, demonstrating that the standardized use of geographic subject mind maps in accordance with teaching application standards can effectively improve students’ geographical synthetic thinking levels.
Multi-longitudinal mode 532 nm photonic Doppler velocimetry for shock experiments
Authors: Wang Jing , Liu Shouxian , Li Jianzhong , Tao Shixing , Meng Jianhua 
Published: June 2024

A novel multi-longitudinal mode 532 nm photonic Doppler velocimetry (PDV) was proposed to solve the problem of high bandwidth requirements in shock experiments with velocities up to km/s. Compared to the conventional PDV system operating at 1550 nm, the utilization of a shorter wavelength of 532 nm enables nearly three times the velocity resolution. However, it also leads to a threefold increase in the Doppler frequency shift for a given velocity. To mitigate the bandwidth constraints, a multi-longitudinal mode laser is employed to downconvert the signal, effectively reducing the bandwidth requirements. The efficacy of this method is validated through theoretical analysis and experimental investigations on detonation shock scenarios. Furthermore, this approach eliminates the necessity for modulators, frequency shifters, and other devices, facilitating its applicability to non-communication bands.
Nonlinear design, analysis, and testing of a single-stage compliant orthogonal displacement amplifier with a single input force for microgrippers
Authors: Chen Weilin , Fan Zuyang , Lu Qinghua , Xu Yujie , Li Zhihang , Wei Huiling , Zhang Qinghua , Luo Lufeng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
To achieve dexterous and stable micro/nanomanipulation, a large grasping stroke, compact design, and parallel grasping are required for microgrippers; thus, a single-stage compliant orthogonal displacement amplifier (CODA) with a single input force would be an ideal transmission mechanism. However, the existing small-deflection-based design schemes cannot adapt to large deflections or shearing effect, thereby affecting the orthogonal movement transformation accuracy. This study proposed, analyzed, and experimentally investigated a nonlinear design scheme for a single-stage CODA with a single input force. First, the nonlinear design principle is described qualitatively. By combining closed-form analytical modelling, finite element analysis, and numerical fitting, the nonlinear extent of a pre-set variable cross-sectional beam in the CODA is formulated. By utilizing the beam constraint model and small-deflection-based modelling, the nonlinear extent of the undetermined uniform straight beam in the CODA is derived. Based on the design principle and nonlinear models, a nonlinear design scheme is proposed quantitatively. Finite element simulations and experimental tests are conducted to verify the proposed scheme, and the limitations of our previous study are revealed.
MBE growth of Ge1−x
Sn
x
devices with intrinsic disorder
Authors: Holmes S N , Gul Y , Pullen I , Gough J , Thomas K J , Jia H , Tang M , Liu H , Pepper M 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We discuss the electrical properties of molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) grown, modulation doped, Ge1−x
Sn
x
quantum well devices. A consequence of the epitaxial growth process is that electronic disorder is introduced even in modulation doped quantum well structures and electrical transport properties that are characteristic of a high level of disorder are apparent. MBE growth of this material also results in the surface segregation of elemental β-Sn in the way that has been observed utilizing other epitaxial growth methods. A thermally activated, p-type mobility is a clear feature of the electrical properties with generally temperature independent hole densities ∼1012 cm−2 from the measured Hall effect and coming from the modulation doping. We present a discussion of Hall effect measurements in this disordered regime. The percolation carrier density in MBE modulation doped GeSn is in the region of ∼1 × 1012 cm−2 although Hall measurements in this regime are difficult to quantify when the resistivity >(h/e
2). In this notation h is Planck’s constant and e is the unit of charge. Conductivities (σ) as low as ∼0.028 × (e
2/h) × square can be measured in the four-contact ac configuration and the temperature dependence indicates a mobility edge in these p-type devices below ∼2 × 1012 cm−2. At lower temperatures (<∼1 K) the presence of a Coulomb gap can be determined using dc transport, constant voltage measurements where small ac current excitation is not available experimentally. This two-contact configuration can determine σ down to ∼10−6 × (e
2/h), deep into the localization regime, revealing a hopping conductivity dominated system. We discuss the relevance of these electrical properties for MBE grown GeSn devices.
Molecular beam epitaxy and other large-scale methods for producing monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides
Authors: Maurtua Collin , Zide Joshua , Chakraborty Chitraleema 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD/TMDC) monolayers have gained considerable attention in recent years for their unique properties. Some of these properties include direct bandgap emission and strong mechanical and electronic properties. For these reasons, monolayer TMDs have been considered a promising material for next-generation quantum technologies and optoelectronic devices. However, for the field to make more gainful advancements and be implemented in devices, high-quality TMD monolayers need to be produced at a larger scale with high quality. In this article, some of the current means to produce larger-scale semiconducting monolayer TMDs will be reviewed. An emphasis will be given to the technique of molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) for two main reasons: (1) there is a growing body of research using this technique to grow TMD monolayers and (2) there is yet to be a body of work that has summarized the current research for MBE monolayer growth of TMDs.
Development and evaluation of an on-site calibration technique for energy meter reference standards
Authors: Haiba Ahmed S , Halawa Mamdouh 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
To address the challenges and time-consuming nature of the calibration process for electric energy meters, this paper proposes a method that involves calibrating energy reference devices directly at the customer’s site. This on-site calibration approach uses a traceable portable high accuracy reference standard. A software program is developed to simplify the process of taking readings and allow for efficient management of calibration data using a personal computer. In addition to the calibration itself, uncertainty budgets are estimated for both active and reactive electrical energy measurements. This provides a comprehensive understanding of the measurement uncertainties associated with the calibration process. Furthermore, the obtained results are validated using a conventional procedure and a normalized error tool to ensure the accuracy and validity of the proposed technique. Validation results indicate that the suggested method produces outcomes that are deemed satisfactory. Overall, this work offers a practical and reliable approach to on-site calibration, benefiting customers by saving time and effort while maintaining accurate measurement results.
A comprehensive study on temple clamping force for eyeglasses design: from measuring to modelling
Authors: Zhang Jie , Chen Junjian , Luximon Yan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
A key factor in determining the comfort level of eyeglasses is the clamping force at the temple. However, how to accurately measure and estimate the clamping force remains under-explored. Hence, to address this gap, we proposed a novel temple clamping force measurement method with a digital tension meter and developed a mathematical model to calculate the clamping force of the temples based on eyeglasses parameters (including length, one-side displacement, and flexural rigidity of the temples). To validate our method, we collected the simulated and physical datasets of different eyeglasses and conducted a multiple regression analysis to calculate the model parameters. The experimental results demonstrated the accuracy and reliability of the proposed method. This model can guide us in customizing the parameters of the eyeglasses to produce comfortable clamping forces for the users. Our codes and data will be publicly available at: https://github.com/Easy-Shu/Eyeglasses_Force_Modelling.
Rolling bearing fault diagnosis based on correlated channel attention-optimized convolutional neural networks
Authors: Jing Zhu , Ou Li , Minghui Chen , Lili Xing 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In the field of intelligent fault diagnosis, traditional convolutional neural network (CNN)-based models for rolling bearing fault diagnosis are effective in extracting signal features but fall short in identifying subtle fault features in noisy environments. To address this challenge, this paper introduces a correlated channel attention-optimized deep convolutional neural network (CAOCNN) for fault diagnosis. The main innovations of this study include: firstly, the expansion of the convolutional kernel width through dilated convolution and optimized network parameter settings, which broadens the receptive field for feature extraction and effectively suppresses high-frequency noise; secondly, the relevant channel attention mechanism was constructed., which not only considers the channel weights post-global average pooling but also analyzes the correlations between channel features and the global feature center, dynamically adjusting channel weights to enhance model focus on critical features; additionally, the use of the Nesterov momentum optimization algorithm to optimize network parameters, reducing oscillations and increasing efficiency during training. Experimental results demonstrate that the CAOCNN achieved accuracies of 99.71% and 100% on the Case Western Reserve University and Xi’an Jiaotong University rolling bearing datasets, respectively, improving by 2.91% and 7.6% over traditional CNN models. In noisy conditions, T-SNE visual analysis further confirmed the excellent robustness and feature classification capability of the CAOCNN. These achievements validate the effectiveness of the CAOCNN in diagnosing rolling bearing faults in complex noise environments, contributing valuable advancements to the technology of intelligent fault diagnosis.
Simulation of taper heating and variable pressing rate to improve extrusion performance for high-strength aluminum alloys
Authors: Danilin Vladimir N , Aleshchenko Alexander S , Danilin Andrei V , Koshmin Alexander N 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The main process parameters of direct and indirect extrusion of aluminum alloys were studied using FE-modeling in this article. The subject of the study was the use of billets taper heating and variable pressing rate as compared to the standard extrusion conditions. Extrusion of AA2024 grade alloy and experimental Al-2%Cu-1.5%Mn-1%Mg-1%Zn alloy was considered. The flow stress-on-strain dependences within the 350 °C–450 °C range at strain rates of 0.1–10 s−1 were determined for the experimental alloy. Considering the time of billet transportation to the extrusion equipment, its optimum temperature gradient was determined to be 500 °C at the front end and 140 °C at the tail end. Direct extrusion of taper heated billets at the variable rate and elongation of 7 allowed increasing the process performance by 5.6 times (from 1.8 mm s−1 to an average of 10 mm s−1, in case uniformly heated billets are extruded at the constant rate). In case of pressing at high elongations (15 and 25), the performance increase was about 2 times. It was found that the use of taper heating, both in case of grade alloy and model alloy extrusion, in all the considered conditions, allows achieving a significant increase in performance. However, these results are considered to be most effective in case of direct extrusion at small elongation ratios.
Molecular dynamics insights on the self-interstitial diffusion in α-Beryllium
Authors: Wang Huiming , Jin Jianfeng , Wang Dongxin , Xu Demei , Guo Kaiqi , Yang Peijun , Qin Gaowu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Beryllium has some unique properties and plays a key role in many special applications. However, Beryllium (α-Be) is of close-packed hexagonal (HCP) crystal structure, which has a strong anisotropic feature and limits its applications. In this work, diffusion behaviors of the self-interstitial atom (SIA) in α-Be at the temperature of 300–1100 K are studied using molecular dynamics simulations. It is observed that the diffusion mechanisms are not only dominated by the SIA jumps among the BO and BS sites on the basal plane, but also by the jumps among the C and O sites along the c-axis, which strongly depend on temperature. Diffusion behaviors of SIA can be divided into two stages with the temperature of 300–800 K and 800–1100 K, respectively, in which diffusion coefficient component of the c-axis (D
c) is higher than that of the basal plane (D
b) at first and then becomes closer to the D
b after 800 K, in consistent with diffusion mechanisms. When the temperature rises from 300 K to 1100 K, the total diffusion coefficient of SIA (D
t) increases gradually from 0.34 × 10−4 cm2 s−1 to 1.13 × 10−4 cm2 s−1. With the temperature increasing from 300 K to 1100 K, the anisotropy factor (η = D
c
/D
b) of SIA diffusion drastically decreases from 1.76 to 1.01 in α-Be, while the η increases from 0.21 to 0.70 in α-Zr with the temperature from 500 K to 1100 K.
Symmetry-preserving quadratic Lindbladian and dissipation driven topological transitions in Gaussian states
Authors: Mao Liang , Yang Fan , Zhai Hui 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The dynamical evolution of an open quantum system can be governed by the Lindblad equation of the density matrix. In this paper, we propose to characterize the density matrix topology by the topological invariant of its modular Hamiltonian. Since the topological classification of such Hamiltonians depends on their symmetry classes, a primary issue we address is determining the requirement for the Lindbladian operators, under which the modular Hamiltonian can preserve its symmetry class during the dynamical evolution. We solve this problem for the fermionic Gaussian state and for the modular Hamiltonian being a quadratic operator of a set of fermionic operators. When these conditions are satisfied, along with a nontrivial topological classification of the symmetry class of the modular Hamiltonian, a topological transition can occur as time evolves. We present two examples of dissipation-driven topological transitions where the modular Hamiltonian lies in the AIII class with U(1) symmetry and the DIII class without U(1) symmetry. By a finite size scaling, we show that this density matrix topology transition occurs at a finite time. We also present the physical signature of this transition.
Quantitative characterization of fatigue damage in plate structures based on FSOM
Authors: Zhang Chunbing , Liu Xiaofeng , Wei Daiping , Bo Lin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
For the problem of fatigue damage detection and damage degree assessment of plate structures, a quantitative damage assessment method based on the fast self-organizing feature mapping (FSOM) algorithm is proposed in this paper. The damage detection problem is transformed into a binary classification problem by extracting multidimensional damage features of the Lamb wave signal in plate to be detected and selecting damage sensitive features. Then, the FSOM network is used to identify the health state of the plate to be inspected, and the damage index is obtained by fusing the damage sensitive features using FSOM to quantitatively evaluate the damage level of the plate to be inspected. Simulation and experimental results show this method has a good dynamic tracking capability for the fatigue damage evolution of aluminum and composite plates, and can achieve quantitative assessment of fatigue damage of plate structures.