bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brief Psychotherapy for Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Nieuwsma Jason A. , Trivedi Ranak B. , McDuffie Jennifer , Kronish Ian , Benjamin Dinesh , Williams John W. 
Published: June 2012

Objective: Because evidence-based psychotherapies of 12 to 20 sessions can be perceived as too lengthy and time intensive for the treatment of depression in primary care, a number of studies have examined abbreviated psychotherapy protocols. The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the efficacy of brief psychotherapy (i.e., < 8 sessions) for depression. Methods: We used combined literature searches in PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and an Internet-accessible database of clinical trials of psychotherapy to conduct two systematic searches: one for existing systematic reviews and another for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Included studies examined evidence-based psychotherapy(s) of eight or fewer sessions, focused on adults with depression, contained an acceptable control condition, were published in English, and used validated measures of depressive symptoms. Results: We retained 2 systematic reviews and 15 RCTs evaluating cognitive behavioral therapy, problem-solving therapy, and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy. The systematic reviews found brief psychotherapies to be more efficacious than control, with effect sizes ranging from −0.33 to −0.25. Our meta-analysis found six to eight sessions of cognitive behavioral therapy to be more efficacious than control (ES −0.42, 95% CI −0.74 to −0.10, I2 = 56%). A sensitivity analysis controlled for statistical heterogeneity but showed smaller treatment effects (ES −0.24, 95% CI −0.42 to −0.06, I2 = 0%). Conclusions: Depression can be efficaciously treated with six to eight sessions of psychotherapy, particularly cognitive behavioral therapy and problem-solving therapy. Access to non-pharmacologic treatments for depression could be improved by training healthcare providers to deliver brief psychotherapies.
Reliability of Self-Reported Tobacco Use in Bipolar Disorder: An Exploratory Study of Euthymic Patients Visiting a Tertiary Care Hospital in India
Authors: Pattanayak Raman Deep , Jain Raka , Sagar Rajesh 
Published: June 2012

Background: Unlike schizophrenia, only a little attention has been paid to tobacco dependence in patients with bipolar disorder despite a similarly high prevalence and predisposition to health risks. The euthymic phase is especially suitable for tobacco screening by the treating psychiatrist. However, the validity of self-report for tobacco use in this patient population remains undetermined. Aim: The current study aims to assess the validity of self-reported tobacco use in euthymic bipolar disorder. Method: The psychiatric out-patients with DSM-IV TR diagnosis of bipolar type-I in remission who were males, ⩾ 18 years, and euthymic as established by current scores of < 7 on HAM-D and < 4 on YMRS. Patients were specifically asked for the recent use of tobacco in any form. Ten ml urine sample was obtained after informed consent and subjected to a quantitative cotinine estimation by direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: A total of 100 patients were screened, of which 79 were finally included. The self-report or recent tobacco use showed only a moderate concordance with urinary cotinine (k=0.518) and cotinine-creatinine ratio (k=0.492). Over 15% patients had denied the use of tobacco, but tested positive on urinary cotinine assessment. The sensitivity of self-report was 73.3% compared to urinary cotinine. The denial among users was 26.7% and denial among those with negative self-report was 30.8%. Conclusion: Mental health professionals should be vigilant for detection of tobacco dependence among remitted bipolar patients, who may not be so forthcoming about their tobacco use.
‘The rich … should give to such an extent that it will hurt’: ‘Conscription of Wealth’ and Political Modernism in the Parliamentary Debate on the 1917 Income War Tax
Authors: Tough David 
Published: June 2012

Abstract: The parliamentary debates on the Income War Tax in the summer of 1917 were marked by fierce criticisms from Liberal members who argued that the tax measure fell short of the ideal of ‘conscription of wealth’ that had been in wide circulation in the months leading up to the debate. Scholars have repeatedly pointed out that ‘conscription of wealth’ rhetoric, which attempted to link the unfair sacrifices of the war effort to the need for income taxation, and revealed a rapidly polarizing political climate at the end of the war, was the key inspiration for the introduction of the Income War Tax. However, the use of similar rhetoric by parliamentarians, and the call for ‘radical’ taxation across political differences, suggests that something else – a shared desire for a modernist ‘break from the past’ – was at work in the debate.
Workers and Soldiers: Adventures in History
Authors: Copp Terry 
Published: June 2012

Abstract: In this article Terry Copp looks back on a fifty-year career as a historian and teacher. He uncovers his roots as a young scholar and professor in Montreal during the height of the Quiet Revolution, recounts the joys and challenges of teaching at both the high school and university levels, and explains how his approach to history has allowed him to traverse disciplinary boundaries over the course of his career. In doing so, Copp also elaborates on what compelled him to move from labour history to military history. As he explains, academic opportunities, the peer review process, and his own approach to history all affected this career transition. His approach to teaching and writing history, however, remained the same.
Oscar Wilde’s “Jewish Problem”: Salomé, the Ancient Hebrew and the Modern Jewess
Authors: Salamensky S.I. 
Published: June 2012

Abstract:Oscar Wilde’s Salomé is a lush, lurid, spectacular reimagining of the New Testament tale of the death of John the Baptist. To this scant base, Wilde added numerous elements suggesting complex, troubled notions of “the Jew.” From the near complete absence of scholarship on Wilde vis-à-vis the Jew, it might well be assumed that Jews appear in Wilde simply as a factual background for ancient through modern life. Instead, Wilde’s conflicted uses of the figure of the Jew are key to understanding central issues not only in Salomé but in Wilde’s work and thought at large.
Subversion, Refusal, and Contingency: The Transgression of Liberal-Humanist Subjectivity and Characterization in Sarah Kane’sCleansed, Crave,and4.48 Psychosis
Authors: Delgado-García Cristina 
Published: June 2012

Abstract:Drawing on Judith Butler’s writings on performativity, this article investigates the critique of the liberal-humanist understanding of selfhood offered in Sarah Kane’s last three plays. It argues that Cleansed subversively deploys conventional dramatic character to disfigure the subject as it is understood by liberal humanism. The motif of the wound activates this subversive characterization, with the supposed self-sameness or coherence of selfhood being dismembered on the page. Subjectivity emerges in this playtext as discursively produced, defined by the body, and processual. Conversely, Crave and 4.48 Psychosis reject the terms through which such liberal-humanist subjectivity is represented. Through uncountable and opaque characters, subjectivity is formulated as queer, foreclosing the equation of body morphology with the sense of the self and dismantling fixed and unified notions of identity. Finally, the article interrogates to what extent the staging of the plays inevitably reproduces stable characters and normative subjectivities. Desire and recognition are considered here as key to maintaining the plays’ critique of liberal humanism.
Myth and Narrative in Mark Ravenhill’s Shopping and Fucking
Authors: Horan Thomas 
Published: June 2012

Abstract: Various critical responses to Mark Ravenhill’s Shopping and Fucking claim that the play reflects Jean-Francois Lyotard’s postmodern idea that contemporary culture has lost the “grand narratives” that bound previous generations together. I maintain that, instead of being absent from the play, grand narratives actually permeate Shopping and Fucking, providing the scaffolding that supports its plot and advances its surprisingly communal ethos. Focusing on the play’s explicit evocation of the myth of Phaeton, I explore the issues and concerns raised by this Greco-Roman grand narrative play out in the lives of the main characters, bringing coherence to their seemingly fractured world and offering hope of cultural equilibrium. My analysis shows how grand narratives provide an interpretative lens through which the ethical core of this putatively bleak and brutal play is revealed.
Genotypes and cephalosporin susceptibility in extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing enterobacteriaceae in the community
Authors: Maina Daniel , Revathi Gunturu , Kariuki Samuel , Ozwara Hastings 
Published: June 2012

Introduction: Infections from extended spectrum beta lactamases (ESBLs) producing enterobacteriaceae are increasingly being reported in the community setting. These infections are often multidrug resistant, with clinical and epidemiological implications, and necessitate surveillance measures based on local data. In the present study ESBLs genotypes were correlated with susceptibility to cephalosporins among ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates acquired in the community. Methodology: We investigated 28 E. coli and 24 K. pneumoniae isolates by PCR for the presence of blaSHV, blaCTX-M, and blaTEM. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for cephalosporins was determined by use of E-tests. Results: blaCTX-M was detected in 46 (88.5%), blaSHV in 13 (25%) and blaTEM in18 (34.6%) of the isolates. Nineteen (36.5%) isolates had more than one genotype detected. Urine specimens provided most of the ESBL-producing isolates (71%) followed by respiratory specimens (11%). MIC50 for cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and ceftriaxone were at 60μg/ml, 13μg/ml, and 139μg/ml, respectively. There was a statistically significant association (p-value = 0.017) between blaSHV and resistance to ceftazidime. Though other associations could be seen among the genotypes and susceptibility profiles of the three drugs, they were not statistically significant. Twenty-four (52.2%) of the blaCTX-M isolates were sensitive and nine (19.6%) resistant to ceftazidime. For cefotaxime, 29 (63%) of blaCTX-M isolates were resistant and two (4.3%) were sensitive. Conclusion: The predominant ESBL genotype in the local community-acquired infections is blaCTX-M , most of which involved the urinary tract. ESBL genes elevated MICs for the cephalosporins, but only blaSHV could predict resistance to ceftazidime.
Quorum sensing and virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa during urinary tract infections
Authors: Senturk Sezgi , Ulusoy Seyhan , Bosgelmez-Tinaz Gulgun , Yagci Aysegul 
Published: June 2012

Introduction: In the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the production of several virulence factors depends on quorum sensing (QS) involving N-acylhomoserine lactone signal molecules. In vitro studies have suggested that the QS system is crucial in the pathogenesis of P. aeruginosa. However, it is unclear whether QS systems of P. aeruginosa play the same role during infections. Methodology: In this study, to explore the contribution of QS systems to the pathogenesis of P. aeruginosa during urinary tract infections, we collected 82 clinical isolates. Detection of N-acyl-homoserine lactones (C12-HSL and C4-HSL) was performed on agar plates employing biosensor strains C. violaceum. Elastase and biofilm production were determined spectrophotometrically. QS genes were detected by PCR and subsequently underwent sequencing. Results and conclusion: Six isolates were found to be negative in the production of both C12-HSL and C4-HSL and all virulence factors tested. PCR analysis of these isolates revealed that four isolates contained all four QS genes while one isolate was negative for lasR gene, and one isolate negative for lasI, lasR and rhlR genes. Sequence analyses of these isolates showed that the lasR, lasI, rhlR and rhlI genes had point mutations. The combination of these mutations probably explains their C12-HSL, C4-HSL and virulence factor deficiencies. Results of this study suggest that QS deficient clinical isolates occur and are still capable of causing clinical infections in humans.
The current state of H5N1 vaccines and the use of the ferret model for influenza therapeutic and prophylactic development
Authors: Banner David , Kelvin Alyson Ann 
Published: June 2012

Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 is a threat to global public health as a natural pandemic causing agent but has recently been considered a bioterrorism concern. The evolving view of the H5N1 virus necessitates the re-evaluation of the current status of H5N1 therapeutics and prophylactics, in particular the preparation of viable H5N1 vaccination strategies as well as the use of ferrets in influenza research. Here the highly pathogenic H5N1 virus dilemma is discussed in context with the current H5N1 vaccine status and the use of the ferret model. Previously, the development of various H5N1 vaccine platforms have been attempted, many of them tested in the ferret model, including vector vaccines, adjuvant vaccines, DNA vaccines, and reverse engineered vaccines. Moreover, as ferrets are a superlative animal model for influenza investigation and vaccine testing, it is imperative that this model is recognized for its uses in prophylactic development and not only as an agent for creating transmissible influenza viruses. Elucidating the ferret immune response and creating ferret immune reagents remain important goals in conjunction with the development and manufacture of H5N1 vaccines. In summary, an efficacious H5N1 vaccine is urgently needed and the ferret model remains an appropriate model for its development.
Effect of Belimumab on Vaccine Antigen Antibodies to Influenza, Pneumococcal, and Tetanus Vaccines in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in the BLISS-76 Trial
Authors: CHATHAM W. WINN , WALLACE DANIEL J. , STOHL WILLIAM , LATINIS KEVIN M. , MANZI SUSAN , McCUNE W. JOSEPH , TEGZOVÁ DANA , McKAY JAMES D. , AVILA-ARMENGOL HILARIO E. , UTSET TAMMY O. , ZHONG Z. JOHN , HOUGH DOUGLAS R. , FREIMUTH WILLIAM W. , MIGONE THI-SAU 
Published: June 2012

Objective.In patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), evidence suggests that most vaccines (except live-virus vaccines) are safe, although antibody response may be reduced. This substudy from the phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled BLISS-76 trial evaluated the effects of belimumab on preexisting antibody levels against pneumococcal, tetanus, and influenza antigens in patients with SLE.Methods.In BLISS-76, patients with autoantibody-positive, active SLE were treated with placebo or belimumab 1 or 10 mg/kg every 2 weeks for 28 days and every 28 days thereafter, plus standard SLE therapy, for 76 weeks. This analysis included a subset of patients who had received pneumococcal or tetanus vaccine within 5 years or influenza vaccine within 1 year of study participation. Antibodies to vaccine antigens were tested at baseline and Week 52, and percentage changes in antibody levels from baseline and proportions of patients maintaining levels at Week 52 were assessed. Antibody titers were also assessed in a small number of patients vaccinated during the study.Results.Consistent with preservation of the memory B cell compartment with belimumab treatment, the proportions of patients maintaining antibody responses to pneumococcal, tetanus, and influenza antigens were not reduced. In a small group receiving influenza vaccine on study, antibody responses were frequently lower with belimumab, although titer levels were > 1:10 in all patients treated with 10 mg/kg and in the majority treated with 1 mg/kg.Conclusion.Treatment with belimumab did not affect the ability of patients with SLE to maintain antibody titers to previous pneumococcal, tetanus, and influenza immunizations. [ClinicalTrials.gov registration number NCT 00410384]
Canadian Rheumatology Association Recommendations for the Pharmacological Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis with Traditional and Biologic Disease-modifying Antirheumatic Drugs: Part II Safety
Authors: BOMBARDIER CLAIRE , HAZLEWOOD GLEN S. , AKHAVAN POONEH , SCHIEIR ORIT , DOOLEY ANNE , HARAOUI BOULOS , KHRAISHI MAJED , LECLERCQ SHARON A. , LÉGARÉ JEAN , MOSHER DIANNE P. , PENCHARZ JAMES , POPE JANET E. , THOMSON JOHN , THORNE CARTER , ZUMMER MICHEL , GARDAM MICHAEL A. , ASKLING JOHAN , BYKERK VIVIAN 
Published: June 2012

Objective.The Canadian Rheumatology Association (CRA) has developed recommendations for the pharmacological management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with traditional and biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARD) in 2 parts. Part II, focusing on specific safety aspects of treatment with traditional and biologic DMARD in patients with RA, is reported here.Methods.Key questions were identifieda prioribased on results of a national needs-assessment survey. A systematic review of all clinical practice guidelines and consensus statements regarding treatment with traditional and biologic DMARD in patients with RA published between January 2000 and June 2010 was performed in Medline, Embase, and CINAHL databases, and was supplemented with a “grey literature” search including relevant public health guidelines. Systematic reviews of postmarketing surveillance and RA registry studies were performed to update included guideline literature reviews as appropriate. Guideline quality was independently assessed by 2 reviewers. Guideline characteristics, recommendations, and supporting evidence from observational studies and randomized trials were synthesized into evidence tables. The working group voted on recommendations using a modified Delphi technique.Results.Thirteen recommendations addressing perioperative care, screening for latent tuberculosis infection prior to the initiation of biologic DMARD, optimal vaccination practices, and treatment of RA patients with active or a history of malignancy were developed for rheumatologists, other primary prescribers of RA drug therapies, and RA patients.Conclusion.These recommendations were developed based on a synthesis of international RA and public health guidelines, supporting evidence, and expert consensus in the context of the Canadian health system. They are intended to help promote best practices and improve healthcare delivery for persons with RA.
Note sur un aspect encyclopédique de la modernité (du temps où Larousse semait à tout vent)
Authors: Maisonneuve Jean 
Published: June 2012

On examine le souci de modernité – et des effets – dans l’élaboration des dictionnaires ( Petit Larousse et Petit Robert ). Cela à partir des préfaces, des avatars, d’un logo et d’un choix d’articles. Il apparaît que l’exigence de rigueur exclut désormais tout discours normatif, mais efface aussi une certaine tonalité affective parfois poétique propre aux lexiques démodés.
Généalogie des processus hypermodernes (de la condition de l'homme moderne à la condition de sujet visible)
Authors: Haroche Claudine 
Published: June 2012

On s’attache dans ce texte aux effets de la modernité sur les fonctionnements psychiques, entreprenant d’en mettre à jour les prolongements considérablement intensifiés dans l’hypermodernité : le caractère constant, invasif des technologies contemporaines exerçant une pression intense sur l’individu aboutit ainsi à constituer la condition de l’individu hypermoderne. On montre que les flux sensoriels et informationnels continus dans les sociétés « liquides » entravent les formes de construction de l’individu et de la pensée : jadis inscrites dans un rapport au temps fait d’alternance entre mouvement et arrêt, elles sont désormais accélérées et illimitées. On parvient enfin à la conclusion selon laquelle l’injonction à la visibilité continue dans les sociétés contemporaines conduit à parler non plus tant de La condition de l’homme moderne d’Arendt que de La condition du sujet visible.
Murmures du collège
Authors: Bozec Pierre 
Published: June 2012

L’institution éducative à travers son collège unique avoue ses connivences avec le programme néolibéral. La connaissance de l’Histoire de l’école, la recherche des origines de la trahison d’État, la théorie du système délivrent des symptômes et éclairent les exemples cliniques. La souffrance au travail des « ensoignants » ainsi que celle de leurs élèves méritent une attention particulière que le simple fait médiatique ne saurait expliquer. Ainsi, comment comprendre que le collège unique est parvenu à inverser ce pour quoi il se proposait ? Comment accepter l’érosion, désormais visible, des équipes enseignantes, des adolescents et de leurs familles aux prises avec la machinerie orwellienne qui semble sourde à la critique et à la réalité des faits ? Inventaire et analyses tentent de faire céder l’étrange omerta dont les sujets du collège, adultes professionnels ou jeunes gens, complices ou pas, font les frais.
L'hébergement privé, une forme de « suppléance sociale »
Authors: Cristofol Gisèle 
Published: June 2012

Dans cette recherche, nous avons exploré un mode d’occupation spécifique du logement, l’hébergement privé ou interpersonnel : l’accueil de personnes sans domicile propre par des tiers, en l’absence de liens familiaux établis. Cette pratique sociale, informelle et invisible, a été étudiée à partir d’une population d’une grande agglomération de la région Île-de-France, bénéficiaire et objet d’intervention(s) sociale(s). Les données ont été recueillies grâce aux témoignages de quinze hébergés et de douze hébergeurs. Les modalités de collaboration entre cette population et les travailleurs sociaux feront l’objet d’une analyse ultérieure. Cet article présente les principaux résultats de la première partie de la recherche faisant apparaître l’hébergement privé durable comme une forme de « suppléance sociale », fonctionnant sur le modèle d’une économie du don, révélant à la fois ses fonctions d’utilité sociale et de socialisation au bénéfice de ses acteurs.
Des transmigrants en France
Authors: Tarrius Alain 
Published: June 2012

Résumé Ces vingt dernières années, des populations de migrants internationaux sont apparues sous la dénomination de transmigrants : cette population vit de manière transversale par rapport aux diverses frontières et aux découpages en zones « développées », « émergentes » ou « en développement ». Elle est en premier lieu formée de migrants en tournées internationales, de chez eux à chez eux, pour la vente de produits ou de services.
Des objets et des hommes
Authors: Lulin Élisabeth 
Published: June 2012

Résumé Les œuvres rassemblées par le département de prospective industrielle du Centre Pompidou à l’occasion de l’exposition Multiversités Créatives nous projettent dans un monde où s’estompent les frontières entre le vivant et le non-vivant, entre le pensant et le non-pensant, entre la nature et l’artefact. Matière intelligente et traitement algorithmique des données, « biologisation » des objets et « réification » de nos modes de vie instaurent un nouveau monde, qui multiplie les défis à notre humanité.
Regarder les données
Authors: Cardon Dominique 
Published: June 2012

Résumé Les machines numériques sculptent désormais des objets en référant leurs formes aux flux de données qui jaillissent de l’incessante activité des bases de données du web. Pendant que s’affole le débat sur les risques et les opportunités des big data , d’autres s’affairent à régler les algorithmes destinées à faire « parler » les données. On assiste à un renversement d’une importance énorme dans le champ des sciences sociales, laissant croire que « les chiffres parlent d’eux-mêmes ». Ce que la visualisation des nouvelles traces digitales fait alors voir, c’est que les catégories d’interprétation traditionnelles ne tiennent plus d’elles-mêmes et qu’il faut commencer par regarder avant d’interpréter.