bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a postexposure rabies prophylaxis protocol for domestic animals in Texas: 2000–2009
Authors: Wilson Pamela J. , Oertli Ernest H. , Hunt Patrick R. , Sidwa Thomas J. 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Objective—To determine whether postexposure rabies prophylaxis (PEP) in domestic animals, as mandated in Texas, has continued to be effective and to evaluate preexposure or postexposure vaccination failures from 2000 through 2009.
Design—Retrospective case series.
Animals—1,014 unvaccinated domestic animals (769 dogs, 126 cats, 72 horses, 39 cattle, 3 sheep, 4 goats, and 1 llama) that received PEP and 12 vaccinated domestic animals (7 dogs and 5 cats) with possible failure of protection.
Procedures—Zoonotic incident reports from 2000 through 2009 were reviewed for information regarding unvaccinated domestic animals that received PEP in accordance with the state protocol after exposure to a laboratory-confirmed rabid animal; reports also were reviewed for any preexposure or postexposure vaccination failures. The state-required PEP protocol was as follows: immediately vaccinate the animal against rabies, isolate the animal for 90 days, and administer booster vaccinations during the third and eighth weeks of the isolation period.
Results—From 2000 through 2009, 1,014 animals received PEP; no failures were recorded. One preexposure vaccination failure was recorded.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—The Texas PEP protocol was used during the 10-year period. Results indicated that an effective PEP protocol for unvaccinated domestic animals exposed to rabies was immediate vaccination against rabies, a strict isolation period of 90 days, and administration of booster vaccinations during the third and eighth weeks of the isolation period.
Methylphenidate toxicosis in dogs: 128 cases (2001–2008)
Authors: Genovese David W. , Gwaltney-Brant Sharon M. , Slater Margaret R. 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Objective—To determine clinical signs and outcomes of methylphenidate hydrochloride (MPH) toxicosis in dogs; to assess effects of amount (ie, dose) and formulation (immediate or extended release) of ingested MPH on onset, duration, and severity of clinical signs; and to describe management of MPH intoxication.
Design—Retrospective case series.
Animals—128 dogs with MPH toxicosis or exposure.
Procedures—Data from an Animal Poison Control Center (APCC) database from November 1, 2001, to November 30, 2008, were reviewed. Records of dogs were searched for APCC classifications of confirmed (n = 71) or suspected (39) MPH toxicosis; dogs (18) that ingested MPH but did not develop clinical signs of toxicosis were also included. Signalment, dose, clinical signs, treatment, and outcome were evaluated.
Results—Clinical signs of toxicosis were reported in 107 of 128 (84%) dogs that ingested MPH; these included hyperactivity in 42 (33%), tachycardia in 27 (21%), vomiting in 19 (15%), agitation in 16 (13%), and hyperthermia in 13 (10%). Doses ranged from 0.36 mg/kg (0.164 mg/lb) to 117.0 mg/kg (53.18 mg/lb). Severity of clinical signs was not strongly associated with dose. More severe and prolonged clinical signs were associated with ingestion of extended-release formulations of MPH; 3 dogs that consumed these formulations (doses, 10.2 mg/kg [4.64 mg/lb], 15.4 mg/kg [700 mg/lb], and 31.1 mg/kg [14.14 mg/lb]) died. Favorable outcomes were reported for most (31/34 [91%]) dogs.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Ingestion of even small amounts of MPH can cause severe clinical signs in dogs. Monitoring and supportive care are recommended regardless of dose.
Long-term outcome of treatment of dental abscesses with a wound-packing technique in pet rabbits: 13 cases (1998–2007)
Authors: Taylor W. Michael , Beaufrère Hugues , Mans Christoph , Smith Dale A. 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate the effectiveness and treatment outcome of a minimal surgical debridement and antimicrobial-impregnated gauze packing technique for treatment of dental abscesses in rabbits.
Design—Retrospective case series.
Animals—13 rabbits with 14 dental abscesses.
Procedures—Medical records of pet rabbits with dental abscesses were reviewed. Rabbits that underwent a wound-packing treatment protocol with a follow-up period of > 6 months were included. Pretreatment evaluation included physical examination, skull radiography, CBC and plasma biochemical profile, and an endoscopically guided dental examination. The surgical procedure consisted of lancing the abscess, cleaning the cavity, minimal debridement, and packing with strips of synthetic gauze impregnated with a selected antimicrobial. Purulent material from abscesses was submitted for bacterial culture. The procedure was repeated weekly until abscess resolution. Rabbits also received systemic treatment with antimicrobials.
Results—Rabbit ages ranged from 1 to 5 years. Anaerobic bacteria were cultured from 6 abscesses and aerobic bacteria from 5; no bacteria were cultured from 4 abscesses. Antimicrobials most commonly used in packing procedures were ampicillin and clindamycin; trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole with metronidazole and azithromycin were given most often for systemic treatment. Thirteen of 14 abscesses resolved, and rabbits were followed for a mean ± SD period of 32.6 ± 24.3 months. Number of packing procedures used to obtain resolution of infection was 4.8 ± 2.2.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Minimal surgical debridement followed by antimicrobial-impregnated gauze packing of the abscess cavity is an effective and practical option for the long-term resolution of dental abscesses in rabbits when combined with systemic treatment with appropriate antimicrobials.
Use of calcium folinate in the management of accidental methotrexate ingestion in two dogs
Authors: Lewis Daniel H. , Barfield Dominic M. , Humm Karen R. , Goggs Robert A. 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Case Description—2 English Pointers were suspected of having consumed toxic doses of methotrexate, a dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor frequently used in human and veterinary chemotherapeutic protocols.
Clinical Findings—Potentially toxic plasma concentrations of methotrexate were detected in both dogs. Results of physical examination, a CBC, blood gas analysis, and serum biochemical analysis were predominantly unremarkable, although 1 dog had mild hyponatremia (1372 mmol/L; reference range, 140 to 153 mmol/L) and mild hypocalcemia (1.03 mmol of ionized calcium/L; reference range, 1.13 to 1.33 mmol of ionized calcium/L).
Treatment and Outcome—Point-of-care determination of plasma methotrexate concentrations was not available; thus, palliative care was provided. Emesis was induced in both dogs by SC administration of apomorphine, and 3 doses of a suspension of activated charcoal with sorbitol were administered orally over a 6-hour period. Fluid diuresis was initiated in both dogs by administration of a compound sodium lactate solution, and N-acetylcysteine was administered IV to both dogs as a hepatoprotectant. A solution of calcium folinate (also known as leucovorin) was administered IV to both dogs to mitigate the effects of ingested methotrexate. No adverse effects associated with calcium folinate administration were identified, and no clinical or pathological evidence of methotrexate intoxication was detected.
Clinical Relevance—IV administration of calcium folinate appeared to prevent the pathological sequelae of methotrexate intoxication without adverse effects. Administration of calcium folinate is recommended for the treatment of dogs with suspected or confirmed methotrexate overdose.
Infusion of a lipid emulsion to treat lidocaine intoxication in a cat
Authors: O'Brien Taylor Q. , Clark-Price Stuart C. , Evans Erika E. , Di Fazio Renata , McMichael Maureen A. 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Case Description—A 5-year-old castrated male domestic shorthair cat was examined because of presumptive lidocaine intoxication. Thirty minutes earlier, the cat had received an SC injection of approximately 140 mg of lidocaine hydrochloride (20 mg/kg [9.1 mg/lb]) to facilitate closure of a wound on the left pelvic limb.
Clinical Findings—Initial physical examination revealed severe lethargy and respiratory distress; erratic, poor-quality pulses with severe hypotension; and pulmonary edema.
Treatment and Outcome—Initial supportive treatment included administration of oxygen and IV administration of lactated Ringer's solution. Additional treatment with a 20% lipid emulsion (1.5 mL/kg [0.68 mL/lb], IV) delivered over a 30-minute period resulted in dramatic improvement in cardiovascular and behavioral variables. No adverse effects from lipid emulsion were detected on routine hematologic evaluation, thoracic radiography, or computed tomography.
Clinical Relevance—IV administration of a lipid emulsion was used in the treatment of lidocaine intoxication in a cat. Rapid infusion of a lipid emulsion may be a therapeutic option for veterinary patients with toxicosis attributable to local anesthetics or other lipid-soluble drugs.
Development of a rapid resolution HPLC method for the separation and determination of 17 phenolic compounds in crude plant extracts
Authors: Mišan Aleksandra , Mimica-Dukić Neda , Mandić Anamarija , Sakač Marijana , Milovanović Ivan , Sedej Ivana 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Rapid Resolution HPLC/DAD method, on a 1.8 µm, 4.6×50 mm column, was developed to enable a rapid separation of a mixture of 17 compounds, which consisted of hydroxybenzoic acids, hydroxycinnamic acids, flavones, flavonols, flavanone, flavonol-glycoside and antraquinone, in a single run, within 22 minutes. The developed method is precise, accurate and sensitive enough for simultaneous quantitative evaluation of major compounds in crude and hydrolyzed extracts of parsley, buckthorn, mint, caraway and birch. In order to overcome the inability to quantify all the phenolic compounds present in the samples caused by lack of external standards, HPLC approaches for the total phenolic content estimation based on sum of all integrated peak areas were made. These results were compared with the total phenolic content determined by Folin-Cioacalteu method. Although the correlation between the series of data was not significant (pHPLC was not high in the case of parsley, buckthorn and mint extract. Regarding the obtained results, the HPLC approach could serve as an excellent tool for total phenolic content estimation, without the need for complete identification of the individual compounds.
Sn-Ni-Bi liquid phase thermodynamic properties
Authors: Milcheva Nikolina , Romanowska Jolanta , Vassilev Gueorgui 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Experimental data of bismuth activity coefficients at 1773 K were obtained by isopiestic method and compared to calculated values. Thermodynamic properties of the Sn-Ni-Bi liquid phase were estimated by means of the general solution model and by the methods of Kohler. Description of the ternary liquid phase (Gibbs excess energy dependence on the temperature and the composition) was achieved by using available thermodynamic data of the constitutive binary systems (Ni-Bi, Sn-Bi, Sn-Ni). A comparison between calculated quantities and experimental data wasconducted. The present assessment with thermodynamically optimized values of the system Sn-Ni-Bi (obtained by the CALPHAD approach) was in good agreement. The suggested appearance of a liquid phase miscibility gap at high temperatures is in agreement with the experimental bismuth activity data and with the assessed thermochemical functions.
Correlation of hydrogen capacity in carbon material with the parameters of electrosorption
Authors: Lota Grzegorz , Fic Krzysztof , Jurewicz Krzysztof , Frackowiak Elzbieta 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Electrochemical storage of hydrogen in activated carbon material has been investigated using different parameters of cathodic polarization. It has been proven that application of short galvanostatic pulses could be efficient for hydrogen storage in microporous carbon material. Charging current loads from 50 mA g−1 to 32 A g−1 have been used showing correlation between hydrogen capacity, time of charging and electrical efficiency. The anodic charge equivalent to electrooxidation of 1.0 wt% of hydrogen can be already reached after 90 s of cathodic polarization. Temperature effect has been also evaluated and a gradual increase of hydrogen capacity with a better pronounced oxidation plateau was obtained at higher temperatures. Reversible electrosorption of hydrogen is a useful reaction in supercapacitor performance and it might have a potential application for a negative electrode of supercapacitor as well as reversibly operating electrode in the secondary cell.
Use of pyridinium ionic liquids as catalysts for the synthesis of 3,5-bis(dodecyloxycarbonyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine derivative
Authors: Pajuste Karlis , Plotniece Aiva , Kore Kintija , Intenberga Liva , Cekavicus Brigita , Kaldre Dainis , Duburs Gunars , Sobolev Arkadij 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
The synthesis of cationic amphiphilic 1,4-dihydropyridine derivative, potential gene delivery agent is achieved via an efficient multi-step sequence. The key step of this approach is a two-component Hantzsch type cyclisation of 3-oxo-2-[1-phenylmethylidene]-butyric acid dodecyl ester and 3-amino-but-2-enoic acid dodecyl ester utilising bis(2-hydroxyethyl)ether as a solvent and 1-butyl-4-methylpyridinium chloride as a catalyst. The 1,4-dihydropyridine derivative with long alkyl ester chains at positions 3 and 5 of the 1,4-DHP ring — 3,5-bis(dodecyloxycarbonyl)-2,6-dimethyl-4-phenyl-1,4-dihydropyridine was obtained in substantially higher yield with respect to classical Hantzsch synthesis. Bromination of this compound followed by nucleophilic substitution of bromine with pyridine gave the desired cationic amphiphilic 1,4-dihydropyridine.
Asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of prochiral ketones catalyzed by aminosulfonamide-ruthenium complexes in ionic liquid
Authors: Zhou Zhongqiang , Sun Yong , Zhang Aiqing 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Chiral aminosulfonamides containing imidazolium group were used as ligands for the ruthenium(II)-catalyzed asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of prochiral ketones in ionic liquid, affording good to excellent conversions and enantiomeric excesses. The catalytic system could be easily recovered and reused several times.
Meldola’s Blue — doped titania sol-gel sensor for NADH determination
Authors: Adamski Juliusz , Kochana Jolanta 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Titania layers obtained by a sol-gel technique doped with redox mediator, Meldola’s Blue, were employed for construction of a new NADH senor. Optimization of preparation process as well as experimental conditions affecting the response of the sensor were examined. Under optimal conditions NADH could be determined in the wide linear range from 90 to 2300 µM with detection limit 12 µM and a high sensitivity 12.5 nA µM−1. The usefulness of developed sensor was preliminarily checked in determination of NADH forming during enzymatic oxidation of ethanol catalyzed by alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH).
Preparation and examination of multilayer graphene nanosheets by exfoliation of graphite in high efficient attritor mill
Authors: Kun Péter , Wéber Ferenc , Balázsi Csaba 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Graphene multilayers have been prepared by mechanical method based on milling graphite in high efficient attritor mill. The results showed that the best dispersion media is ethanol, and 10 hours of intensive milling proved to be the most efficient way to separate the graphite layers as it was shown by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction measurements.
Nature of the silver precipitation obtained by cementation from thiosulphate solutions
Authors: Kuntyi O. , Zozulya G. , Saldan I. , Kree V. , Korniy S. , Stel’makhovych B. 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
The morphology and composition of the deposits formed on the surface of magnesium disk during cementation from thiosulphate solutions (0.0025–0.1M) [Ag(S2O3)2]3− + 0.5M S2O3
2− have been studied. A porous deposit with low adhesion is formed on the surface of the magnesium metal substrate. Within a wide range of [Ag(S2O3)2]3− ion concentrations, sulfur as well as silver are constituents of the deposit at the initial stages of cementation and at the end of the reaction. This is attributed to the electrochemical behaviour of magnesium in thiosulphate solutions resulting in the exceeding of current limit on cathode for pure silver reduction. Hence, parallel electrochemical reactions take place that are very close in their values to the standard redox potentials of reduction of [Ag(S2O3)2]3− ions to Ag0 and S2O32− ions to S2−. Sulfur content in the cement deposits increases with the decrease in [Ag(S2O3)2]3− ion concentration and increase in cementation time. This tendency is also observed with the decreasing solution temperature.
Endothelial microparticle formation in moderate concentrations of homocysteine and methionine in vitro
Authors: Sekuła Małgorzata , Janawa Greta , Stankiewicz Elżbieta , Stępień Ewa 
Published: December 2010

AbstractMicroparticles (MPs) are small membrane vesicles released by stimulated or apoptotic cells, including the endothelium. Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is a blood disorder characterized by an increase in the plasma concentrations of total homocysteine (Hcy). The plasma Hcy level is determined by environmental factors (dietary habits, i.e. the intake of folic acid, FA) and genetic factors (N 5,N 10-methylenetetrahydro-folate reductase, MTHFR, polymorphism 677C>T). To evaluate whether moderate Hcy concentrations induce endothelial MP formation, the role of FA supplementation and the influence of MTHFR polymorphism were analysed. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were treated in vitro with 50 μM of Hcy and methionine (Met). The MP number and apoptotic phenotype were analyzed using flow cytometry. Increasing doses of FA (5, 15 and 50 μM) were used to reduce the HHcy effect. The MTHFR 677C>T polymorphism was determined. HUVEC stimulated by Hcy produced significantly more MPs than HUVEC under the control conditions: 3,551 ± 620 vs 2,270 ± 657 kMP (p = 0.02). Supplementation with FA at concentrations of 5, 15 and 50 μM reduced the MP count in the cell culture supernatant to 345 ± 332, 873 ± 329, and 688 ± 453 kMP, respectively (p = 0.03). MTHFR 677C>T heterozygosity was associated with a significant increase in MP formation after stimulation with Hcy compared to the control conditions: 3,617 ± 152 vs 1,518 ± 343 kMP (p = 0.02). Furthermore, the MTHFR genotype altered MP formation after Met loading. On average, 24% of the entire MP population was apoptotic (annexin V-positive). Endothelial function impairment due to HHcy is related to MP shedding, which may involve platelets and other blood and vascular cells. MP shedding is a physiological response to moderate HHcy.
Steam-reforming of ethanol for hydrogen production
Authors: Bshish Ahmed , Yaakob Zahira , Narayanan Binitha , Ramakrishnan Resmi , Ebshish Ali 
Published: December 2010

AbstractProduction of hydrogen by steam-reforming of ethanol has been performed using different catalytic systems. The present review focuses on various catalyst systems used for this purpose. The activity of catalysts depends on several factors such as the nature of the active metal catalyst and the catalyst support, the precursor used, the method adopted for catalyst preparation, and the presence of promoters as well as reaction conditions like the water-to-ethanol molar ratio, temperature, and space velocity. Among the active metals used to date for hydrogen production from ethanol, promoted-Ni is found to be a suitable choice in terms of the activity of the resulting catalyst. Cu is the most commonly used promoter with nickel-based catalysts to overcome the inactivity of nickel in the water-gas shift reaction. γ-Al2O3 support has been preferred by many researchers because of its ability to withstand reaction conditions. However, γ-Al2O3, being acidic, possesses the disadvantage of favouring ethanol dehydration to ethylene which is considered to be a source of carbon deposit found on the catalyst. To overcome this difficulty and to obtain the long-term catalyst stability, basic oxide supports such as CeO2, MgO, La2O3, etc. are mixed with alumina which neutralises the acidic sites. Most of the catalysts which can provide higher ethanol conversion and hydrogen selectivity were prepared by a combination of impregnation method and sol-gel method. High temperature and high water-to-ethanol molar ratio are two important factors in increasing the ethanol conversion and hydrogen selectivity, whereas an increase in pressure can adversely affect hydrogen production.
Complexation studies of 3-substituted β-diketones with selected d- and f-metal ions
Authors: Pawlicki Grzegorz , Staniszewski Bartosz , Witt Katarzyna , Urbaniak Włodzimierz , Lis Stefan 
Published: December 2010

AbstractResults of spectroscopic investigations related to complex compositions of 3-substituted derivatives of pentane-2,4-dione (β-diketonate) complexes with chosen d- and f-metal ions are presented. Ligands 3-allylacetylacetone (3all-acac) and 3-benzylacetylacetone (3ben-acac) were prepared and used for the complexation study with Cu(II), Co(II), Nd(III), and Ho(III) metal ions. Based on the absorption spectra of lanthanide ions in their hypersensitive transitions, with the use of computer assisted target factor analysis (CAT) and absorption spectra of the ligands with Cu(II) and Co(II), the verification of complex compositions and the determination of their stability constants were achieved. In case of Nd(III) and Ho(III) complexes with β-diketone ligands, absorption of their maxima were studied in the range of hypersensitive transitions 4 I 9/2 → 4 F 7/2 + 4 S 3/2 (λ max ∼ 734 nm and 748 nm) for Nd(III) and in the range of 435–465 nm, corresponding to the hypersensitive transition 5 G 6 → 5 I 8 (λ max ∼ 450 nm), for Ho(III).
Bone Mineral Density Is Not Related to Osteophyte Formation in Osteoarthritis of the Hip
Authors: OKANO KUNIHIKO , AOYAGI KIYOSHI , CHIBA KO , MOTOKAWA SATORU , MATSUMOTO TOMOKO 
Published: December 2010

Objective.Reports have suggested that bone mineral density (BMD) is higher in patients with osteoarthritis (OA) of the hip than in healthy controls. Various types of OA of the hip caused by osteophyte formation were observed on radiographs during progression to the advanced degenerative stage, and the preoperative type of OA was reported to influence the results of surgical treatment. However, the mechanism underlying the development of different types of OA is still unknown. We measured BMD of patients with hip OA and determined whether higher BMD was observed in patients with osteophyte formation than in those without osteophytes.Methods.We measured BMD of the lumbar spine, radius, and calcaneus using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry in 88 women who were scheduled to undergo total hip arthroplasty for endstage OA. Hips were evaluated for osteophyte formation using Bombelli’s classification; 31 were graded as atrophic type, 30 as normotrophic, and 27 as hypertrophic. BMD at different skeletal sites were compared among the 3 types of OA.Results.No significant difference in BMD of the lumbar spine, ultradistal radius, mid-radius, or calcaneus was observed among the atrophic, normotrophic, and hypertrophic types of OA.Conclusion.Our data suggest that osteophyte formation is not related to general BMD. Factors other than general bone status, for example the morphology of the hip joint, need to be analyzed to determine the pathomechanism of osteophyte formation in the osteoarthritic hip.