bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Foreseeing the future: Occurrence probability of imagined future events modulates hippocampal activation
Authors: Weiler Julia A. , Suchan Boris , Daum Irene 
Published: August 2009

AbstractEpisodic memory and episodic future thinking are known to share a set of brain regions. Potential differences in activation patterns associated with the two conditions are as yet inconclusive, in particular with respect to hippocampal involvement. Hippocampal activation is modulated by a range of phenomenal qualities during the imagination of both past and future events (Addis et al. (2004) Hippocampus 14:752–762; Addis and Schacter (2008) Hippocampus 18:227–237). A relevant variable in this regard is the occurrence probability of an episode, which varies for future but not past events and thus cannot be equated across conditions. Using parametric modulation analysis, we investigated the effect of occurrence probability of imagined future events on brain activation patterns, while effects of temporal distance, amount of details, and emotionality were controlled for. Activation of right anterior hippocampus increased with decreasing occurrence probability, presumably reflecting higher processing demands during binding of more disparate details for unlikely events. This finding may contribute to the understanding of previously reported inconsistent results concerning hippocampal involvement during the imagination of past and future events. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hippocampal theta activity is selectively associated with contingency detection but not discrimination in rabbit discrimination‐reversal eyeblink conditioning
Authors: Nokia Miriam S. , Wikgren Jan 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe relative power of the hippocampal theta‐band (∼6 Hz) activity (theta ratio) is thought to reflect a distinct neural state and has been shown to affect learning rate in classical eyeblink conditioning in rabbits. We sought to determine if the theta ratio is mostly related to the detection of the contingency between the stimuli used in conditioning or also to the learning of more complex inhibitory associations when a highly demanding delay discrimination‐reversal eyeblink conditioning paradigm is used. A high hippocampal theta ratio was not only associated with a fast increase in conditioned responding in general but also correlated with slow emergence of discriminative responding due to sustained responding to the conditioned stimulus not paired with an unconditioned stimulus. The results indicate that the neural state reflected by the hippocampal theta ratio is specifically linked to forming associations between stimuli rather than to the learning of inhibitory associations needed for successful discrimination. This is in line with the view that the hippocampus is responsible for contingency detection in the early phase of learning in eyeblink conditioning. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The activation of matrix metalloproteinase‐2 induced by protein kinase C alpha in decidualization
Authors: Tsai Jen‐Hsiang , Hwang Jin‐Ming , Ying Tsung‐Ho , Shyu Jyh‐Cherng , Tsai Chin‐Chiu , Hsieh Yih‐Shou , Wang Yi‐Wei , Liu Jer‐Yuh , Kao Shao‐Hsuan 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThis study investigated the protein kinase C (PKC) and matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP‐2) in the development of deciduomata in pseudo‐pregnant and pregnant rats. The results showed that the expression of MMP‐2 was significantly increased from day 2 to day 5 in pseudo‐pregnancy and from day 7 to day 9 in pregnancy. To further investigate the correlation between MMP‐2 and protein kinase Cα (PKCα), the expression of MMP‐2 in the 12‐O‐tetradecanoylphorbol 13‐acetate (TPA)‐treated organotypic culture of decidual tissue was determined. The results showed that the active form of MMP‐2 was significantly increased in the TPA‐treated cultures. Moreover, this response was inhibited by the PKC inhibitor H7, the PKCα specific inhibitor Gö‐6976 and the translation inhibitor cycloheximide, but not by the transcription inhibitor actinomycin D or the replication inhibitor mitomycin C. In addition, TPA also reversed the MMP‐2 expression after by progesterone pretreatment in the primary decidual cells. These findings indicate that PKCα may play an important role in the regulation of the MMP‐2 expression during decidualization. J. Cell. Biochem. 108: 547–554, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Antitumor activity of a novel antisense oligonucleotide against Akt1
Authors: Yoon Heejeong , Kim Deog Joong , Ahn Eun Hyun , Gellert Ginelle C. , Shay Jerry W. , Ahn Chang‐Ho , Lee Young Bok 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe AKT pathway is an important therapeutic target for cancer drug discovery as it functions as a main point for transducing extracellular and intracellular oncogenic signals. Moreover, alternations of the AKT pathway have been found in a wide range of cancers. In the present study, we found that an Akt1 antisense oligonucleotide (Akt1 AO) significantly downregulated the expression of AKT1 at both the mRNA and protein levels and inhibited cellular growth at nanomolar concentrations in various types of human cancer cells. Combined treatment of Akt1 AO with several cytotoxic drugs resulted in an additive growth inhibition of Caki‐1 cells. The in vivo effectiveness of Akt1 AO was determined using two different xenograft nude mouse models. Akt1 AO (30 mg/kg, i.v. every 48 h) significantly inhibited the tumor growth of nude mouse subcutaneously implanted with U251 human glioblastoma cells after 27 days treatment. Akt1 AO (30 mg/kg, i.p continuously via osmotic pump) also significantly inhibited the tumor formation in nude mice implanted with luciferase‐expressing MIA human pancreatic cancer cells (MIA‐Luc) after 14 days of treatment. The luciferase signals from MIA‐Luc cells were reduced or completely abolished after 2 weeks of treatment and the implanted tumors were barely detectable. Our findings suggest that Akt1 AO alone or in combination with other clinically approved anticancer agents should be further explored and progressed into clinical studies as a potential novel therapeutic agent. J. Cell. Biochem. 108: 832–838, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cellular senescence and longevity of osteophyte‐derived mesenchymal stem cells compared to patient‐matched bone marrow stromal cells
Authors: Singh Sanjleena , Dhaliwal Navdeep , Crawford Ross , Xiao Yin 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThis study aimed to determine the cellular aging of osteophyte‐derived mesenchymal cells (oMSCs) in comparison to patient‐matched bone marrow stromal cells (bMSCs). Extensive expansion of the cell cultures was performed and early and late passage cells (passages 4 and 9, respectively) were used to study signs of cellular aging, telomere length, telomerase activity, and cell‐cycle‐related gene expression. Our results showed that cellular aging was more prominent in bMSCs than in oMSCs, and that oMSCs had longer telomere length in late passages compared with bMSCs, although there was no significant difference in telomere lengths in the early passages in either cell type. Telomerase activity was detectable only in early passage oMSCs and not in bMSCs. In osteophyte tissues telomerase‐positive cells were found to be located perivascularly and were Stro‐1 positive. Fifteen cell‐cycle regulator genes were investigated and only three genes (APC, CCND2, and BMP2) were differentially expressed between bMSC and oMSC. Our results indicate that oMSCs retain a level of telomerase activity in vitro, which may account for the relatively greater longevity of these cells, compared with bMSCs, by preventing replicative senescence. J. Cell. Biochem. 108: 839–850, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Down‐regulation of uPA and uPAR by 3,3′‐diindolylmethane contributes to the inhibition of cell growth and migration of breast cancer cells
Authors: Ahmad Aamir , Kong Dejuan , Wang Zhiwei , Sarkar Sanila H. , Banerjee Sanjeev , Sarkar Fazlul H. 
Published: August 2009

Abstract3,3′‐Diindolylmethane (DIM) is a known anti‐tumor agent against breast and other cancers; however, its exact mechanism of action remains unclear. The urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) and its receptor (uPAR) system are involved in the degradation of basement membrane and extracellular matrix, leading to tumor cell invasion and metastasis. Since uPA‐uPAR system is highly activated in aggressive breast cancer, we hypothesized that the biological activity of B‐DIM could be mediated via inactivation of uPA‐uPAR system. We found that B‐DIM treatment as well as silencing of uPA‐uPAR led to the inhibition of cell growth and motility of MDA‐MB‐231 cells, which was in part due to inhibition of VEGF and MMP‐9. Moreover, silencing of uPA‐uPAR led to decreased sensitivity of these cells to B‐DIM indicating an important role of uPA‐uPAR in B‐DIM‐mediated inhibition of cell growth and migration. We also found similar effects of B‐DIM on MCF‐7, cells expressing low levels of uPA‐uPAR, which was due to direct down‐regulation of MMP‐9 and VEGF, independent of uPA‐uPAR system. Interestingly, over‐expression of uPA‐uPAR in MCF‐7 cells attenuated the inhibitory effects of B‐DIM. Our results, therefore, suggest that B‐DIM down‐regulates uPA‐uPAR in aggressive breast cancers but in the absence of uPA‐uPAR, B‐DIM can directly inhibit VEGF and MMP‐9 leading to the inhibition of cell growth and migration of breast cancer cells. J. Cell. Biochem. 108: 916–925, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Alchemical free energy simulations for biological complexes: powerful but temperamental …
Authors: Aleksandrov Alexey , Thompson Damien , Simonson Thomas 
Published: August 2009

AbstractFree energy simulations compare multiple ligand:receptor complexes by “alchemically” transforming one into another, yielding binding free energy differences. Since their introduction in the 1980s, many technical and theoretical obstacles were surmounted, and the method (“MDFE,” since molecular dynamics are often used) has matured into a powerful tool. We describe its current status, its effectiveness, and the challenges it faces. MDFE has provided chemical accuracy for many systems but remains expensive, with significant human overhead costs. The bottlenecks have shifted, partly due to increased computer power. To study diverse sets of ligands, force field availability and accuracy can be a major difficulty. Another difficulty is the frequent need to consider multiple states, related to sidechain protonation or buried waters, for example. Sophisticated, automated methods to sample these states are maturing, such as constant pH simulations. Meanwhile, combinations of MDFE and simpler approaches, like continuum dielectric models, can be very effective. As illustrations, we show how, with careful force field parameterization, MDFE accurately predicts binding specificities between complex tetracycline ligands and their targets. We describe substrate binding to the aspartyl‐tRNA synthetase enzyme, where many distinct electrostatic states play a role, and a histidine and a Mg2+ion act as coupled switches that help enforce a strict preference for the aspartate substrate, relative to several analogs. Overall, MDFE has achieved a predictive status, where novel ligands can be studied and molecular recognition elucidated in depth. It should play an increasing role in the analysis of complex cellular processes and biomolecular engineering. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Emergent network structure and initial group performance: The moderating role of pre‐existing relationships
Authors: Parise Salvatore , Rollag Keith 
Published: August 2009

AbstractOrganization restructurings often put groups of employees into new teams and roles, and it is not unusual for some of these new teammates to have pre‐existing work and friendship relationships. While there has been much theorizing on the impact of existing social network structures on group performance, there has been less research on how pre‐existing relationships help or hinder initial group performance, especially in teams with interdependent roles and tasks. We explore several hypotheses in a competitive management simulation involving 42 teams and find that (1) the density of pre‐existing work and friendship relationships are directly associated with higher initial group performance, and (2) pre‐existing work network density moderates the relationship between emergent work network density and initial group performance. In other words, the degree to which emergent work ties are based on pre‐existing work relationships (i.e., former co‐workers actually work together in their new roles) also contributes to higher initial group productivity. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Raman tensor elements for multiferroic BiFeO3 with rhombohedral R3c symmetry
Authors: Porporati Alessandro Alan , Tsuji Keisuke , Valant Matjaz , Axelsson Anna‐Karin , Pezzotti Giuseppe 
Published: August 2009

AbstractA quantitative assessment of the Raman spectrum emitted from a coarse‐grained polycrystal of multiferroic BiFeO3 has been carried out by means of a polarized Raman microprobe. The dependence of the intensity of Raman phonon modes has been first theoretically modeled as a function of crystal rotation. Then, the Raman tensor elements have been experimentally determined from the analysis of the Ag and Eg vibrational modes. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Vibrational spectroscopic studies and ab initio calculations of phenyl phosphate disodium salt
Authors: Anto P. L. , Anto Ruby John , Varghese Hema Tresa , Panicker C. Yohannan , Philip Daizy 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe Fourier‐transform infrared and Fourier‐tranform Raman spectra of phenyl phosphate disodium salt were recorded and analyzed. The surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectrum was recorded in a silver colloid. The vibrational wavenumbers of the compound were computed using the Hartree–Fock/6‐31G* basis and compared with the experimental values. The molecule is adsorbed on the silver surface with the benzene ring in a tilted orientation. The presence of the phenyl ring and the phosphate group vibrations in the SERS spectrum reveal the interactions between the phenyl ring and the phosphate group with the silver surface. The first hyperpolarizability is calculated, and the calculated molecular geometry is compared with those of similar reported structures. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Growth profile of stimulated Raman anti‐Stokes scattering influenced by fluorescence seeding in liquid‐core optical fiber
Authors: Men Zhi‐Wei , Fang Wen‐Hui , Li Zuo‐Wei , Sun Xiu‐Ping , Gao Shu‐Qin , Lu Guo‐Hui 
Published: August 2009

AbstractWe demonstrated the growth profile of stimulated Raman anti‐Stokes scattering (SRS) of carbon disulfide (CS2) influenced by fluorescence seeding of all‐trans‐β‐carotene and rhodamine‐B (RhB) in liquid‐core optical fiber (LCOF). The pump energy which was needed to build up the first‐order anti‐Stokes radiation of CS2 solutions with the fluorescence seeding was lower than that of CS2 solutions without fluorescence seeding because of the fluorescence enhancement effect on the intensity of the first‐order Stokes radiation. The first‐order anti‐Stokes radiation of the RhB solution (10−8 M) was built up at a lower pump energy than that of the all‐trans‐β‐carotene solution (10−6 M), and the intensity of the first‐order anti‐Stokes radiation of the RhB solution was higher than that of the all‐trans‐β‐carotene solution. Simultaneously, the coupled wave differential equations were obtained by the theoretical derivation, and the growth profile of the first‐order anti‐Stokes radiation was theoretically calculated with and without the fluorescence seeding by these equations. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Human‐in‐mouse modeling of primary head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Law Jonathan H. , Whigham Amy S. , Wirth Pamela S. , Liu Dan , Pham Michelle Q. , Vadivelu Sangeetha , Kirkbride Kellye C. , Brown Brandee T. , Burkey Brian B. , Sinard Robert J. , Netterville James L. , Yarbrough Wendell G. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To develop a reliable modeling system for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).Study Design:Laboratory‐based translational study.Methods:HNSCC tissue was obtained from patients at biopsy/resection, cultured, and implanted into mice. In vivo, tumor growth, and survival was monitored by bioluminescence imaging. Histology and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to confirm HNSCC and human origin.Results:Short‐term culture techniques were optimized allowing survival of primary HNSCC cells more than 7 days in 76% of tumors. The size of the tumor biopsy collected did not correlate with the success of short‐term culture or xenograft establishment. Xenograft modeling was attempted in primary HNSCCs from 12 patients with a success rate of 92%. Immunostaining confirmed human origin of epithelial tumor cells within the modeled tumor. Bioluminescence and Ki67 IHC suggested tumor proliferation within the model. Luciferase expression was maintained for as long as 100 days in modeled tumors.Conclusions:The techniques developed for short‐term primary tumor culture followed by xenograft modeling provide a low‐cost and tractable model for evaluation of HNSCC response to standard and novel therapies. The high success rate of human‐in‐mouse tumor formation from primary HNSCC suggests that selection pressures for tumor growth in this model may be less than those observed for establishment of cell lines. Bioluminescent imaging provides a useful tool for evaluating tumor growth and could be expanded to measure response of the modeled tumor to therapy. This model could be adapted for xenograft modeled growth of other primary tumor types. Laryngoscope, 2009
Predictors of variability in urinary incontinence and overactive bladder symptoms
Authors: Stewart W.F. , Minassian V.A. , Hirsch A.G. , Kolodner K. , Fitzgerald M. , Burgio K. , Cundiff G.W. , Blaivas J. , Newman D. , Lerch V.R. , Dilley A. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractAimsWe used data from the General Longitudinal Overactive Bladder Evaluation (GLOBE) to understand predictors of variation in urgency and urinary incontinence (UI) symptoms over time.MethodsA random sample of Geisinger Clinic primary care patients (men and women) 40+ years of age were recruited for a survey of bladder control symptoms at baseline and 12 months later. Symptom questions used a 4‐week recall period. Composite scores were derived for urgency and UI frequency. Logistic regression was used to evaluate predictors of variation in scores at cross‐section and longitudinally.ResultsA majority of those with UI symptoms and almost 40% of those with urgency symptoms reported episodes of once a week or less often; 17% had symptoms a few times a week or more often. Twenty‐one percent with urgency symptoms and 25% with UI symptoms at baseline did not have active symptoms 12 months later. The strongest predictors of active symptoms at follow‐up were baseline symptom score and duration of time since first onset of symptoms. Of those with no urgency symptoms at baseline, 22% had urgency at 12 months. Among those with no UI symptoms at baseline, 13% had UI symptoms 12 months later. Among the latter, age (males only) and BMI were the strongest predictors of symptoms at follow‐up.ConclusionsInter‐individual and intra‐individual occurrences of urgency and UI symptoms are highly variable in the general population. Use of established predictors to select individuals with less variability in symptoms may help to reduce placebo rates in clinical trials. Neurourol. Urodynam. 29:328–335, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Executive summary: The International Consultation on incontinence 2008—committee on: “Dynamic Testing”; for Urinary or fecal incontinence. Part 3: Anorectal physiology studies
Authors: Rosier Peter F.W.M. , Hosker Gordon L. , Szabó László , Capewell Ann , Gajewski Jerzy B. , Sand Peter K. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractAimsThe members of ‘The International Consultation on Incontinence 2008 (Paris) Committee on Dynamic Testing’ provide an executive summary of the chapter ‘Dynamic Testing’ that discusses testing methods for patients with signs and or symptoms of incontinence. Testing of patients with signs and or symptoms of urinary as well as testing of patients with fecal incontinence is discussed.MethodsEvidence based and consensus committee report.ResultsThe chapter ‘Dynamic Testing’ is a continuation of previous Consultation‐reports added with a new systematic literature search and expert discussion. Conclusions, based on the published evidence and recommendations, based on the integration of evidence with expert experience and discussion are provided separately, for transparency.ConclusionThis third part of a series of three articles summarizes the recommendations given in the paragraph: ‘Anorectal physiology studies’ with regard to fecal incontinence (whether or not in combination with urinary incontinence) and includes only the most recent and relevant literature references. Neurourol. Urodynam. 29: 153–158, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An adjustable sling in the management of recurrent urodynamic stress incontinence after previous failed midurethral tape
Authors: Schmid Corina , Bloch Emmanuel , Amann Esther , Mueller Michael D. , Kuhn Annette 
Published: August 2009

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the feasibility and outcome of an adjustable sling system AMI in patients with recurrent urinary stress incontinence after failed suburethral sling insertion.Patients and MethodsTwenty‐five patients with recurrent urinary stress incontinence treated with an adjustable sling system AMI were analyzed for feasibility and outcome. Patients' incontinence bother was quantified using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) from 0 to 10. Multichannel urodynamics and pad tests were pre‐ and postoperatively performed. Time of adjustment, time of the surgical intervention, and clinical outcome were also recorded.ResultsTwenty‐five patients were treated with the adjustable sling system AMI. Median time of adjustment was 3 days (range 1–8) and a median follow up time of 12 months. Twenty‐one out of 25 patients were continent, four patients suffered from persisting incontinence. One patient was put on clean intermittent self‐catheterization (CISC). Detrusor pressure at maximum flow rate (pdet/Qmax) increased significantly as did the maximum urethral closure pressure (MUCP). Patient satisfaction improved significantly.ConclusionAdjustable slings in women with stress urinary incontinence might be indicated in difficult situations after surgical failure. As we present a selective group of patients these findings may not apply to other patients with recurrent stress incontinence. Neurourol. Urodynam. 29:573–577, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Antimuscarinics and overactive bladder: other mechanism of action
Authors: Yamaguchi Osamu 
Published: August 2009

AbstractAntimuscarinics are considered first‐line treatment for patients with overactive bladder (OAB). However, the mechanism by which antimuscarinics improve the symptoms of OAB remains to be elucidated. Animal studies suggest that antimuscarinics may exert an inhibitory effect on afferent nerves without an effect on detrusor contraction. A release of acetylcholine from the urothelium has been demonstrated in isolated human bladder. In addition, muscarinic receptors (MRs) were found in the urothelium and suburothelial myofibroblasts, suggesting a role for MR mechanisms in urothelial sensory function. Acetylcholine released during the storage phase could be expected to enhance the myogenic contractile activity of the detrusor, which can generate afferent signals. It is suggested that antimuscarinics may decrease bladder afferent activity by blocking MR in the above sites, thereby improving OAB symptoms. Neurourol. Urodynam. 29: 112–115, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.