bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From Pressure to Water Consumption: Exploiting High-Resolution Pressure Data to Investigate the End Uses of Water
Authors: Marsili Valentina , Mazzoni Filippo , Alvisi Stefano , Franchini Marco 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn the era of digital transformation of water distribution networks, an increasingly important role is played by smart metering technologies, which allow detailed characterization of water consumption up to the end-use (i.e., domestic-fixture) level. To this end, smart flow meters make the collection of water-consumption data at high temporal resolution possible, but their installation can be unfeasible due to technical and economic limitations. As an alternative to the traditional flow-measurement-based methods for end-use characterization, a pragmatic method to obtain information about end-use water consumption exclusively based on pressure data is proposed in this study. In particular, a dual-phase methodology is developed, exploiting (i) pressure data collected at two sections of the user’s inlet pipeline and (ii) the pressure-flowrate relationship to discriminate between internal and external water-use events and estimate the household water-consumption time series, which is then subjected to individual-event analysis. The results obtained on a real case study undergone to 1-s resolution pressure monitoring over about one month and a half confirm the method’s effectiveness in obtaining the flowrate time series with an average error of about 2.3% and successfully identifying water-consumption events along with their features.
Graphical Abstract
MEMS-actuated terahertz metamaterials driven by phase-transition materials
Authors: Huang Zhixiang , Wu Weipeng , Herrmann Eric , Ma Ke , Chase Zizwe A. , Searles Thomas A. , Jungfleisch M. Benjamin , Wang Xi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe non-ionizing and penetrative characteristics of terahertz (THz) radiation have recently led to its adoption across a variety of applications. To effectively utilize THz radiation, modulators with precise control are imperative. While most recent THz modulators manipulate the amplitude, frequency, or phase of incident THz radiation, considerably less progress has been made toward THz polarization modulation. Conventional methods for polarization control suffer from high driving voltages, restricted modulation depth, and narrow band capabilities, which hinder device performance and broader applications. Consequently, an ideal THz modulator that offers high modulation depth along with ease of processing and operation is required. In this paper, we propose and realize a THz metamaterial comprised of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) actuated by the phase-transition material vanadium dioxide (VO2). Simulation and experimental results of the three-dimensional metamaterials show that by leveraging the unique phase-transition attributes of VO2, our THz polarization modulator offers notable advancements over existing designs, including broad operation spectrum, high modulation depth, ease of fabrication, ease of operation condition, and continuous modulation capabilities. These enhanced features make the system a viable candidate for a range of THz applications, including telecommunications, imaging, and radar systems.
Graphical Abstract
Multiple-Population Discrete-Time Mean Field Games with Discounted and Total Payoffs: The Existence of Equilibria
Authors: Więcek Piotr 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn the paper we present a model of discrete-time mean-field game with several populations of players. Mean-field games with multiple populations of the players have only been studied in the literature in the continuous-time setting. The main results of this article are the first stationary and Markov mean-field equilibrium existence theorems for discrete-time mean-field games of this type. We consider two payoff criteria: $$\beta $$
β
-discounted payoff and total payoff. The results are provided under some rather general assumptions on one-step reward functions and individual transition kernels of the players. In addition, the results for total payoff case, when applied to a single population, extend the theory of mean-field games also by relaxing some strong assumptions used in the existing literature.
Highly-Sensitive Polymer Optical Fiber SPR Sensor for Fast Immunoassay
Authors: Wang Ying , Rao Xing , Wu Xun , Chen George Y. , Liao Changrui , Smietana Mateusz Jakub , Wang Yiping 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A new type of human immunoglobulin G (IgG) sensors based on the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) in the low refractive index (RI) plastic optical fiber (POF) and an antibody immobilization method is presented. A 50-nm-thick gold film was formed on the polished D-shaped fiber surface by magnetron sputtering. The RI response of the POF sensor is 30 049.61 nm/RIU, which is 26.5 times higher than that of single mode fiber (SMF) SPR sensors. The proposed SPR biosensor can be developed by simple and rapid modification of the gold film with 11-mercapto undecanoic acid (MUA). Upon immobilization of the goat anti-human IgG antibody, the resonance wavelength shifts by 11.2 nm. The sensor can be used to specifically detect and quantify the human IgG at concentrations down to 245.4 ng/mL with the sensitivity of 1.327 7 nm per µg/mL, which offers an enhancement of 12.5-fold compared to that of the conventional SMF based SPR sensors. The proposed device may find the potential applications in the case of use at the point of care.
Review on Hollow-Core Fiber Based Multi-Gas Sensing Using Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Nie Qilu , Liu Zhixiong , Cheng Mengen , Pei Shilong , Yang Dexun , Guo Donglai , Yang Minghong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In recent years, detecting and quantifying multiple gases have garnered widespread attention across various fields, particularly in volatile organic compound (VOC) detection, which holds significant importance for ecosystems and the medical field. The Raman spectroscopy has been widely used in multi-gas detection due to its advantages in fast response speed and non-destructive detection. This paper reviews the latest research progress of the multi-gas sensing technology in the Raman spectroscopy, focusing on using the hollow-core fiber to enhance the gas signal intensity. The basic principles of the fiber-enhanced Raman spectroscopy are introduced. The detailed discussion includes the system architecture, parameter configuration, and experimental results. Then, the latest advances in the coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering multi-gas detection technology are reviewed. Finally, the challenges faced by the hollow-core fiber in practical applications are discussed.
Are HRM practitioners required to possess competence in corporate ethics? A content analysis of qualifications in Australia and Asia
Authors: Segon Michael , Booth Chris , Roberts Andrew 
Published: May 2024

AbstractEthical cultures, corporate social responsibility (CSR), and sustainability strategies are increasingly being addressed through formal organisational policies and structures. This is evidenced by codes of ethics, conduct, whistle-blowing reporting lines, anti-bribery and corruption policies, and broader stakeholder and environmental engagement strategies. In the United States, corporate ethics managers are responsible for these functions, supported by specific professional and university-level qualifications. However, this is not the case in Australia and Asia where the role appears delegated to human resource personnel in organisations. Human resource management (HRM) is increasingly advanced as a formal profession, yet whether corporate ethics content features as a significant component of the HRM profession is unclear. Expert knowledge is a foundation of a profession along with the duty to act within the limits of that knowledge and expertise. This paper scopes what constitutes professional expert knowledge. It examines corporate ethics expertise and HRM within this context. Major Australian and Asian organisations are examined to verify that HRM Departments, and thus HRM practitioners, are responsible for managing corporate ethics. Given the seniority and strategic importance of this function, the content of selected Masters in HRM and related fields are examined to identify the extent of ethics content. This is considered in the light of the expertise required to manage corporate ethics, and conclusions are drawn whether the HRM discipline is appropriately qualified to manage this function. Finally, recommendations and further research towards advancing the role and function of corporate ethics managers in general are proposed.
Problems and Opportunities in the use of Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis for Assessing Body Composition During Ketogenic Diets: A Scoping Review
Authors: Paoli Antonio , Campa Francesco 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose of the Review
The use of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) for monitoring body composition during the ketogenic diet has experienced a rapid surge. This scoping review aimed to assess the validity of procedures applying BIA in the ketogenic diet and to suggest best practices for optimizing its utilization.

Recent Findings
We conducted a systematic scoping review of peer-reviewed literature involving BIA for assessing body composition in individuals adhering to a ketogenic diet. Searches of international databases yielded 1609 unique records, 72 of which met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed. Thirty-five studies used foot-to-hand technology, 34 used standing position technology, while 3 did not declare the technology used. Raw bioelectrical parameters were reported in 21 studies. A total of 196 body mass components were estimated, but predictive equations were reported in only four cases.

Summary
Most research on BIA during ketogenic diets did not report the equations used for predicting body composition, making it impossible to assess the validity of BIA outputs. Furthermore, the exceedingly low percentage of studies reporting and analyzing raw data makes it challenging to replicate methodologies in future studies, highlighting that BIA is not being utilized to its full potential. There is a need for more precise technology and device characteristics descriptions, full report of raw bioelectrical data, and predictive equations utilized. Moreover, evaluating raw data through vectorial analysis is strongly recommended. Eventually, we suggest best practices to enhance BIA outcomes during ketogenic diets.
Report of three azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus cases with TR34/L98H mutation in hematological patients in Barcelona, Spain
Authors: Monzo-Gallo Patricia , Alastruey-Izquierdo Ana , Chumbita Mariana , Aiello Tommaso Francesco , Gallardo-Pizarro Antonio , Peyrony Olivier , Teijon-Lumbreras Christian , Alcazar-Fuoli Laura , Espasa Mateu , Soriano Alex , Marco Francesc , Garcia-Vidal Carolina 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objectives
We aimed to report the emergence of azole-resistant invasive aspergillosis in hematologic patients admitted to a tertiary hospital in Spain during the last 4 months.

Methods
Prospective, descriptive study was performed to describe and follow all consecutive proven and probable invasive aspergillosis resistant to azoles from hematological cohort during the last 4 months. All patients had fungal cultures and antifungal susceptibility or real-time PCR detection for Aspergillus species and real-time PCR detection for azole-resistant mutation.

Results
Four cases of invasive aspergillosis were diagnosed in 4 months. Three of them had azole-resistant aspergillosis. Microbiological diagnosis was achieved in three cases by means of fungal culture isolation and subsequent antifungal susceptibility whereas one case was diagnosed by PCR-based aspergillus and azole resistance detection. All the azole-resistant aspergillosis presented TR34/L98H mutation. Patients with azole-resistant aspergillosis had different hematologic diseases: multiple myeloma, lymphoblastic acute leukemia, and angioimmunoblastic T lymphoma. Regarding risk factors, one had prolonged neutropenia, two had corticosteroids, and two had viral co-infection. Two of the patients developed aspergillosis under treatment with azoles.

Conclusion
We have observed a heightened risk of azole-resistant aspergillosis caused by A. fumigatus harboring the TR34/L98H mutation in patients with hematologic malignancies. The emergence of azole-resistant aspergillosis raises concerns for the community, highlighting the urgent need for increased surveillance and the importance of susceptibility testing and new drugs development.
Variants in Imagery Rescripting for OCD: Memories Versus Future, Attachment Versus Mastery
Authors: Cooper David D. J. , Stavropoulos Lauren , Grisham Jessica R. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractImagery rescripting commonly seeks to target memories by imagining the intervention of a caregiver. In some cases, such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), the target imagery may also be episodic future imagery, and a sense of mastery may be more salient than an intervening caregiver. We aimed to compare how varying the target image and rescripting approaches influenced beliefs, emotions, or characteristics of idiopathic imagery relevant to OCD. We recruited 250 online participants high in OCD traits. Participants were randomly assigned to one of four conditions, reflecting variations in target image (memory/future) and rescripting approach (attachment/mastery). Self-administered audio-guided exercises were used to elicit the target image and facilitate rescripting. Participants completed a range of measures before and after rescripting. Participants in all groups tended to report changes in self-related beliefs, emotions, and imagery characteristics. In general, these results did not differ between target images or rescripting approaches. However, mastery-based rescripting reduced anxiety associated with episodic future imagery to a greater extent than attachment-based rescripting. These results suggest that the general benefit of modifying emotionally salient imagery tends to outweigh differential effects of varying the target image or rescripting approach. Standardised re-scripting protocols could be varied based on the individual’s needs.
Indexing ECG for Integrated Health Social Networks Predicting Keywords from ECG to Access Online Information
Authors: Huang Yi , Song Insu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHealth Social Networks (HSN) provide rich medical knowledge bases that are scalable and sustainable, while IoT provides non-invasive, pervasive, and low-cost methods to collect patient data. However, receiving relevant information from HSN is time consuming and challenging for users, such as searching for the right relevant information using keywords and filtering. On the other hand, healthcare IoT has limited access to the vast medical knowledge bases, such as HSN, to interpret the collected data. To address these challenges, we propose Keyword-based Integrated HSN of Things (KIHoT), an approach that combines the strengths of both HSNs and IoT to overcome their limitations. In this method, data (biosignals) collected via IoT devices are converted to human readable keywords using word embedding vector features and CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) predictors. The CNN predictors are trained to predict keywords that individuals search within an HSN to extract relevant information of the given biosignals. Those keywords are encoded as word embedding for searching relevant information. KIHoT utilizes contrast learning techniques to extract latent feature representations of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals, which are then used to predict disease-related keywords. The proposed method was evaluated using 11,936 ECG signals from patients with heart disease and achieved an accuracy of 98% for disease prediction. Our results suggest that KIHoT can effectively extract relevant information from HSN portals, making it easier for researchers and clinicians to access valuable medical knowledge.
Human-centric computational urban design: optimizing high-density urban areas to enhance human subjective well-being
Authors: van Veghel Joppe , Dane Gamze , Agugiaro Giorgio , Borgers Aloys 
Published: May 2024

AbstractUrban areas face increasing pressure due to densification, presenting numerous challenges involving various stakeholders. The impact of densification on human well-being in existing urban areas can be both positive and negative, which requires a comprehensive understanding of its consequences. Computational Urban Design (CUD) emerges as a valuable tool in this context, offering rapid generation and evaluation of design solutions, although it currently lacks consideration for human perception in urban areas. This research addresses the challenge of incorporating human perception into computational urban design in the context of urban densification, and therefore demonstrates a complete process. Using Place Pulse 2.0 data and multinomial logit models, the study first quantifies the relationship between volumetric built elements and human perception (beauty, liveliness, and safety). The findings are then integrated into a Grasshopper-based CUD tool, enabling the optimization of parametric designs based on human perception criteria. The results show the potential of this approach. Finally, future research and development ideas are suggested based on the experiences and insights derived from this study.
Agent-Based Model for Analyzing the Impact of Movement Factors of Sahelian Transhumant Herds
Authors: Traore Cheick Amed Diloma Gabriel , Delay Etienne , Diop Djibril , Bah Alassane 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTranshumants move their herds based on strategies simultaneously considering several environmental and socio-economic factors. There is no agreement on the influence of each factor in these strategies. In addition, there is a discussion about the social aspect of transhumance and how to manage pastoral space. In this context, agent-based modeling can analyze herd movements according to the strategy based on factors favored by the transhumant. This article presents a reductionist agent-based model that simulates herd movements based on a single factor. Model simulations based on algorithms to formalize the behavioral dynamics of transhumants through their strategies. The model results establish that vegetation, water outlets and the socio-economic network of transhumants have a significant temporal impact on transhumance. Water outlets and the socio-economic network have a significant spatial impact. The significant impact of the socio-economic factor demonstrates the social dimension of Sahelian transhumance. Veterinarians and markets have an insignificant spatio-temporal impact. To manage pastoral space, water outlets should be at least $$15\ km$$

15

k
m

from each other. The construction of veterinary centers, markets and the securitization of transhumance should be carried out close to villages and rangelands.
Clinical Efficacy of Megadose Vitamin C in Sepsis: Protocol for a Multicenter Randomized Single-Blind Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Wang Guizhong , Liang Zhihui , Guan Jianbin , Chang Ping , Zeng Zhenhua , Li Jianwei , Chen Shaowu , Liu Zhanguo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Sepsis is a severe disease with a complex pathogenesis and is an important factor in the mortality of patients in intensive care units (ICUs). The administration of vitamin C and its combination treatment in sepsis was not supported by the results of multiple randomized controlled clinical trials. However, the efficacy of a higher vitamin C dose in treating patients with sepsis remains unclear. Therefore, the effectiveness of administering a larger dosage of vitamin C to patients with sepsis remains unclear.

Methods and Analysis
The Clinical Efficacy of Megadose Vitamin C in Sepsis (CEMVIS) trial is a multicenter, single-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial with 234 individuals with sepsis. The following adult patients will be enrolled: those with procalcitonin (PCT) ≥ 2 ng/mL and sepsis 3.0 diagnostic criteria. Patients will be randomly assigned to receive 12 g vitamin C or the same volume of 5% glucose injection intravenously pumped every 12 h for 4 days or up to the moment they are discharged from ICU. The primary outcome will be the mortality within 28 days. Secondary outcomes will mainly include protection and support of organ functions, improvement in inflammatory status, and length of ICU stay. Moreover, adverse events and serious adverse events will be meticulously recorded.

Ethics
This study was approved by the Clinical Ethics Committee of Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University (2020-KY-069-05). The trial results will be published in peer-reviewed journals or at national or international conferences.

Trial registration
clinicaltrials.gov, NCT05194189, Registered 3 January 2022, URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov.
Plasma Mitochondrial DNA Clearance by Continuous Venovenous Haemofiltration in Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Wang Yujing , Duan Zepeng , Ling Hua , Li Qiong , Dai Xingui 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objective
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) reportedly has diagnostic and predictive value in critically ill patients. This study evaluated the diagnostic and predictive value of mtDNA in patients undergoing continuous venovenous haemofiltration (CVVH).

Methods
We consecutively enrolled 41 patients who were treated with CVVH from September 2018 to December 2019. Prefilter, postfilter, and ultrafiltrate samples were collected before the initiation of CVVH (T0) and 6 and 12 h after CVVH. The total mass removal rate (Mtr), total mass adsorption rate (Mad), plasma clearance (PC), and sieving coefficient (SC) were calculated based on the mass conservation principle.

Results
The plasma mtDNA concentration in patients at T0 prefilter was higher than that in healthy volunteers [13.77 (12.45–15.86) vs. 1.24 (1.15–1.34) ng/mL, P < 0.001]. Prefilter, but not postfilter or ultrafiltrate, mtDNA decreased during CVVH (P = 0.02), with a total CVVH clearance of 25.9%. The postfilter and ultrafiltrate mtDNA levels were lower than the prefilter level at each time point (P < 0.05 for all). The Mtr, Mad, PC, and SC did not change over time (P > 0.05 for all).

Conclusions
Plasma mtDNA in critically ill patients was significantly affected by CVVH.
Trial registration: Retrospectively registered on 20 August 2019 at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04083482).
Suitability of using areca nut fiber as reinforcing material in compressed stabilized earth blocks (CSEB) for low-cost housing
Authors: Anik Atique Ishrak , Islam Md. Moinul , Islam Md. Saiful 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAn economical and cost-effective replacement for conventional building materials is Compressed Stabilized Earth Block (CSEB). However, they are vulnerable to erosion and cracking, particularly in humid settings. The use of natural fibers as reinforcement is found effective in overcoming this problem. Areca nut fiber which is a complete waste material in countries like Bangladesh and India is also a sturdy, adaptable, and water-resistant natural fiber that makes it the perfect choice as fiber reinforcement material for CSEBs. In this article, the strength performance analysis of areca nut fiber as a reinforcement material for CSEBs is investigated, where 0%, 0.85%, 2%, 5%, and 8% of areca nut fiber is mixed with soil that is stabilized with 10% cement. CSEB specimens of 4″ × 4″ × 4″ size have been made and tested for compressive strength, tensile strength, bulk density, and water absorption. It is observed that there is an 83.76% increase in compressive strength and an 8.89% increase in splitting tensile strength for 0.85% of areca nut fiber content specimen cured for 90 days. The water absorption was found a minimum of 9.07% for 0.85% areca nut fiber content and the minimum density of the block was observed at 1810 kg/m3 for the optimum percentage of 0.85% mix. The study indicates that using 0.85% of areca nut fiber content in stabilized CSEB shows a significant improvement in the strength characteristics of compressed stabilized earth blocks.
Graphical Abstract