bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Environmental Homeopathy: Homeopathic Potencies Regulate the Growth and Toxicity of Raphidiopsis raciborskii (Cyanobacteria) and can be Tracked Physico-Chemically. Part 2: Physico-chemical Results
Authors: Mohammad Suham Nowrooz , Pinto Andreia Adelaide G. , Silva Rodrigo Augusto da , Suffredini Ivana Barbosa , Tournier Alexander L. , Cartwright Steven J. , Yunes João Sarkis , Bonamin Leoni V. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Introduction The control of cyanobacterial toxicity and growth by homeopathic potencies was described in Part 1 of this two-part report. Here, a parallel approach characterized the physico-chemical features of the potencies used and the liquid media treated with them, correlating these results with their respective biological effects.
Objectives Our objective was to establish if physico-chemical parameters can track homeopathic potencies in seawater or artificial seawater medium (ASM)-1 and to discover whether these parameters correlate with previously described biological effects.
Method Artemia franciscana (brine shrimp) cysts were cultivated in seawater challenged with Raphidiopsis raciborskii extract and treated with different homeopathic potencies chosen from a screening process. Cultures of R. raciborskii maintained in ASM-1 were also treated with previously screened homeopathic potencies, and their growth was monitored as a function of time. The physico-chemical properties of the treated media (seawater or ASM-1) were evaluated by their interaction with solvatochromic dyes and changes in pH, conductivity and temperature.
Results Coumarin 7 was found to be a marker for Nitric acidum 6cH and Isotherapic (R. raciborskii extract) 200cH in seawater (analysis of variance [ANOVA], p = 0.0015). Nile red was found to be a marker for Nitric acidum 200cH and Mercurius solubilis 30cH in ASM-1 (ANOVA, p ≤ 0.001). An increase in pH of ASM-1 and endothermic effects were observed after these treatments (two-way ANOVA, p = 0.0001). Seawater and ASM-1 to which potencies had been added were also subjected to a constant unidirectional 2,400 Gauss static magnetic field and found to have enhanced effects on the solvatochromic dyes tested.
Conclusion Homeopathic potencies were specifically traceable in aqueous media using solvatochromic dyes, especially when the samples were subjected to a magnetic field. Results from monitoring other physical parameters, such as pH and temperature, were less specific in relation to potency tracking. However, potency-induced endothermic effects might provide valuable thermodynamic data relating to the nature of potencies.
Renal Cell Carcinoma Metastasizing to Oral Soft Tissues: Systematic Review
Authors: Prajapati Harnisha Vipulkumar , Shreevats Ruchira , Gupta Sonia , Sandhu Harman , Kaur Jaskirat , Kaur Jasmine 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background Renal cancer metastasis to oral region is very rare. Studies have been published analyzing the cases of metastatic tumors to the oral cavity by many researchers. Very few research studies have been conducted till date to analyze the renal cancer metastasis as the sole primary source to the oral soft tissues. The goal of this study was to examine the published cases of oral soft tissue metastasis from renal cell carcinoma as the only primary source from 1911 to 2022.
Materials and Methods An electronic search of the published literature was performed without publication year limitation in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Science Direct, Embase, and Research Gate databases, using mesh keywords like (“Renal cancer,” or “Renal carcinoma” or “Renal cell cancer” or “Renal cell carcinoma”), and (“Metastasis” or “Metastases”), and (“Oral soft tissues” or “Tongue” or “Palate” or “Tonsil” or “Buccal mucosa” or “Salivary glands”). We also searched related journals manually and the reference lists.
Results Our research revealed a total of 226 relevant articles with 250 patients. Parotid glands and tongue were the most common sites of metastasis. 23% patients died with a survival time of 10 days to 4 years.
Conclusions Oral soft tissue metastasis from renal cell carcinoma has a bad prognosis. More cases need to be published in order to raise awareness of these lesions.
Histopathological Evaluation of Pulp Reaction to Potassium Nitrate in Polycarboxylate Cement Compared with Mineral Trioxide Aggregate in Immature Dogs' Teeth
Authors: Sayed Moustafa Mohammed , Radad Khaled , Rausch-Fan Xiaohui , Elheeny Ahmad 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objective The vitality of the pulp and the formation of new dentin are important for the success of direct pulp capping (DPC). Accordingly, the present study aims to histologically evaluate the pulp reaction to potassium nitrate in polycarboxylate cement (KNO3/PCA) compared with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) in immature dogs' teeth. DPC was done on 48 teeth in three dogs (16 for each dog, 8 for each material).
Materials and Methods After 2, 3, and 4 months, a dog was euthanized at each time interval. Capped teeth were extracted, demineralized, and processed for histopathological examination based on the presence of inflammation, granulation tissue, hard tissue, and dentin bridge.
Results Inflammatory changes were absent in both MTA- and KNO3/PCA-capped teeth at the three time intervals. The incidence of granulation tissue formation was higher in MTA- (75, 87.5, and 87.5%) than in KNO3/PCA-capped teeth (62.5, 75, and 75%) after 2, 3, and 4 months after DPC, respectively. Hard tissue was seen after 3 months of DPC with both MTA and KNO3/PCA. It was more evident in MTA-capped teeth with an incidence of 75 and 75%, and 12.5 and 25% in teeth capped with KNO3/PCA after 3 and 4 months, respectively. Dentin bridge was only noticed in MTA-capped teeth after 3 and 4 months intervals.
Conclusion Taken all together, pulpal responses in the form of granulation and hard tissues, and dentin bridge formation are more evident in MTA-capped teeth than those capped with KNO3/PCA in immature dogs.
Review of Pulmonary Manifestations in Antisynthetase Syndrome
Authors: Ghanbar Mohammad I. , Danoff Sonye K. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAntisynthetase syndrome (ASyS) is now a widely recognized entity within the spectrum of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies. Initially described in patients with a triad of myositis, arthritis, and interstitial lung disease (ILD), its presentation can be diverse. Additional common symptoms experienced by patients with ASyS include Raynaud's phenomenon, mechanic's hand, and fever. Although there is a significant overlap with polymyositis and dermatomyositis, the key distinction lies in the presence of antisynthetase antibodies (ASAs). Up to 10 ASAs have been identified to correlate with a presentation of ASyS, each having manifestations that may slightly differ from others. Despite the proposal of three classification criteria to aid diagnosis, the heterogeneous nature of patient presentations poses challenges. ILD confers a significant burden in patients with ASyS, sometimes manifesting in isolation. Notably, ILD is also often the initial presentation of ASyS, requiring pulmonologists to remain vigilant for an accurate diagnosis. This article will comprehensively review the various aspects of ASyS, including disease presentation, diagnosis, management, and clinical course, with a primary focus on its pulmonary manifestations.
Inventive leadership styles and their impact for achieving sustainable development goals in education at secondary schools: a case study from Multan, Pakistan
Authors: Maqbool Samra , Zafeer Hafiz Muhammad Ihsan , Zeng Pingfei , Maqbool Sufyan , Draissi Zineb , Javed Saima 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGlobally, as we progress toward a more sustainable future, the sustainable development goals (SDGs) must be incorporated into various sectors, including education. This article explores the significant impact of inventive leadership styles on SDGs in education at the secondary school level in Pakistan. Based on this study, four hypotheses were developed using leadership variables such as empowerment of leadership, inspiring learners, resilient visions, and lead transformation. A quantitative survey method was utilized in this study. The researchers selected convenient sampling to collect data from 288 teachers, including heads of schools and administrators from 89 institutions. The data collection process included using a survey questionnaire to collect data on leadership styles and their relationship regarding SDGs within the field of education. In order to analyze the given data, two software programs were used, namely SPSS and Smart PLS 4.0. Several statistical methods were used to examine the collected data, such as confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM), which were implemented to confirm the measurement model. Additionally, path analysis was conducted to determine the relationship between independent and dependent variables. The findings revealed that overall leadership styles have a great positive impact on SDGs in education. Based on results, it has been found that it would be beneficial if leaders/teachers enhance their struggle using inventive leadership styles for achieving SDGs, fostering transformative education, and ensuring that learners and societies benefit from a more equitable and resilient future. Additionally, the need for more resources, resistance to change, and a need for leaders’/teachers’ professional development have been identified as potential obstacles. To overcome these challenges, a collaborative approach among stakeholders, policy support, and innovative practices are recommended.
Exploring the resistance to e-health services in Nigeria: an integrative model based upon the theory of planned behavior and stimulus-organism-response
Authors: Fan Mingyue , Ezeudoka Brendan Chukwuemeka , Qalati Sikandar Ali 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDespite the evident advantages of electronic health services (eHS), there is a noticeable opposition to their acceptance, which has raised a crucial question about why people, particularly in developing nations, oppose the acceptance of eHS. This study was designed to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the factors that influence the rigid opposition to eHS by integrating two theoretical models: the Stimulus-Organism-Response theory and the Theory of Planned Behavior. In our detailed survey, 543 respondents over 18 years old from various regions of Nigeria participated. We evaluated the proposed model using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings indicated that lower health literacy was associated with a greater opposition to using eHS. In addition, communication and choice overload and perceived risk contributed to a negative attitude toward eHS. Subjective norms played a significant role in influencing the intention not to use eHS, which highlights social pressure’s effect. Further, a greater perception of behavioral control reduced the intention not to use eHS. Ultimately, the intention not to use eHS affected eHS rejection behavior significantly, which makes resistance to it a substantial problem. This research unveils factors that contribute to this behavior and provides insights for policymakers in the health field, with the goal to improve people’s acceptance of eHS. Further research is recommended in different geographical samples and contexts to gain a better understanding of the factors related to eHS rejection behavior.
Theoretical study on the effective thermal conductivity of silica aerogels based on a cross-aligned and cubic pore model
Authors: Zheng 郑 Kuncan 坤灿 , Li 李 Zhendong 震东 , Cao 曹 Yutong 豫通 , Liu 刘 Ben 犇 , Hu 胡 Junlei 君磊 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Aerogel nanoporous materials possess high porosity, high specific surface area, and extremely low density due to their unique nanoscale network structure. Moreover, their effective thermal conductivity is very low, making them a new type of lightweight and highly efficient nanoscale super-insulating material. However, prediction of their effective thermal conductivity is challenging due to their uneven pore size distribution. To investigate the internal heat transfer mechanism of aerogel nanoporous materials, this study constructed a cross-aligned and cubic pore model (CACPM) based on the actual pore arrangement of SiO2 aerogel. Based on the established CACPM, the effective thermal conductivity expression for the aerogel was derived by simultaneously considering gas-phase heat conduction, solid-phase heat conduction, and radiative heat transfer. The derived expression was then compared with available experimental data and the Wei structure model. The results indicate that, according to the model established in this study for the derived thermal conductivity formula of silica aerogel, for powdery silica aerogel under the conditions of T = 298 K, a
2 = 0.85, D
1 = 90 μm, ρ = 128 kg/m3, within the pressure range of 0–105 Pa, the average deviation between the calculated values and experimental values is 10.51%. In the pressure range of 103–104 Pa, the deviation between calculated values and experimental values is within 4%. Under these conditions, the model has certain reference value in engineering verification. This study also makes a certain contribution to the research of aerogel thermal conductivity heat transfer models and calculation formulae.
Enhanced picosecond terahertz wave generation based on cascade effects in a terahertz parametric generator
Authors: Zhang 张 Jingxi 敬喜 , Wang 王 Yuye 与烨 , Xu 徐 Bingfeng 炳烽 , Chen 陈 Kai 锴 , Liu 刘 Zikun 紫鲲 , Ma 马 Hongru 鸿儒 , Xu 徐 Degang 德刚 , Yao 姚 Jianquan 建铨 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Enhanced terahertz wave generation via a Stokes cascade process has been demonstrated using picosecond pulse pumped terahertz parametric generation at 1 kHz repetition rate. Clear cascade saturation of terahertz output was observed, and the corresponding cascade-Stokes spectra were analyzed. The maximum terahertz wave average power was 22 μW under a pump power of 30 W, whereas the maximum power conversion efficiency was 8 × 10−7 under a pump power of 21 W. The THz power fluctuation was measured to be about 1% in 20 min. This THz parametric source with a relatively stable output is suitable for a variety of practical applications.
Spatial covariant gravity with two degrees of freedom in the presence of an auxiliary scalar field: Perturbation analysis*
Authors: Wang 王 Zhi-Chao 志超 , Gao 高 Xian 显 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We investigate a class of gravity theories respecting only spatial covariance, termed spatially covariant gravity, in the presence of an auxiliary scalar field. We examine the conditions on the Lagrangian required to eliminate scalar degrees of freedom, allowing only two tensorial degrees of freedom to propagate. Instead of strict constraint analysis, in this paper, we employ the perturbation method and focus on the necessary conditions to evade the scalar mode at the linear order in perturbations around a cosmological background. Beginning with a general action and solving the auxiliary perturbation variables in terms of a would-be dynamical scalar mode, we derive the condition to remove its kinetic term, thus ensuring that no scalar mode propagates. As an application of the general condition, we study a polynomial-type Lagrangian as a concrete example, in which all monomials are spatially covariant scalars containing two derivatives. We find that the auxiliary scalar field is essential, and new terms in the Lagrangian are allowed. Our analysis provides insights into constructing gravity theories with two degrees of freedom in the extended framework of spatially covariant gravity.
Optical Extinctions of Inter-Arm Molecular Clouds in M31: A Pilot Study for the Upcoming CSST Observations
Authors: Chen Cailing , Zheng Zheng , Tsai Chao-Wei , Jiao Sihan , Tang Jing , Wu Jingwen , Li Di , Zheng Yun , Feng Linjing , Yang Yujiao , Liang Yuan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Recent submillimeter dust thermal emission observations have unveiled a significant number of inter-arm massive molecular clouds in M31. However, the effectiveness of this technique is limited to its sensitivity, making it challenging to study more distant galaxies. This study introduces an alternative approach, utilizing optical extinctions derived from space-based telescopes, with a focus on the forthcoming China Space Station Telescope (CSST). We first demonstrate the capability of this method by constructing dust extinction maps for 17 inter-arm massive molecular clouds in M31 using the Panchromatic Hubble Andromeda Treasury data. Our analysis reveals that inter-arm massive molecular clouds with an optical extinction (A
V) greater than 1.6 mag exhibit a notable A
V excess, facilitating their identification. The majority of these inter-arm massive molecular clouds show an A
V around 1 mag, aligning with measurements from our JCMT data. Further validation using a mock CSST RGB star catalog confirms the method’s effectiveness. We show that the derived A
V values using CSST z and y photometries align more closely with the input values. Molecular clouds with A
V > 1.6 mag can also be identified using the CSST mock data. We thus claim that future CSST observation clouds provide an effective way for the detection of inter-arm massive molecular clouds with significant optical extinction in nearby galaxies.
TiO2, CNTs, and SiO2 nanolubricant: An approach to improving the efficiency of a domestic refrigerator
Authors: Madyira D.M , Babarinde T.O 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
To enhance a home refrigerator’s refrigeration system’s performance, three types of nanoparticles (TiO2, CNTs, and SiO2) were used to produce nanolubricants. The experiments were conducted with different charges of 50 and 60 g for R600a refrigerants, which a digital charging scale was used to measure. The inlet and exit temperature of the system’s components were measured using K-type thermocouples. The system was outfitted with two pressure gauges for measuring the pressures at suction and discharge. The obtained results show the system’s COP increases with nanolubricant-enhanced refrigerants, with the power of the based lubricant, TiO2, CNTs, and SiO2 nanolubricant being 0.0821, 0.0612, 0.0673, and 0.0702 kW, respectively. Therefore, nano-enhanced refrigerant can successfully replace R600a in the based lubricant in domestic refrigerators.
The Effect of Damages on Modal Frequencies of Flat Glass Fiber Reinforced Polyurethane Foam Sandwich Structures
Authors: Rathika M. , Mahesh Kumar M. , Paul Vizhian S. , Gangadhar Shetty B. , Krishna M. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this research work, experimental and numerical analyses were conducted to ascertain the impact of damages on modal frequencies of sandwich structure. The structure consists of laminated E/glass epoxy face sheets with [0°/90°]s stacking sequences and polyurethane foam core. The fabrication processes involved are hand layup technique, mold filling process and the use of adhesives to assemble the structure. Damages introduced during fabrication, encompassing core damage, delamination between face sheets and core and impact damage. Experimental modal testing was conducted on four distinct specimens using a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) analyzer under cantilever boundary conditions. The results reveal significant variations in modal frequencies and mode shapes in the structures. A consistent six-mode frequency bandwidth is observed within the 2000 Hz range across all specimens. The numerical analysis was performed by Finite Element Method (FEM). Experimental and numerical results were in a good agreement. It was observed that modal frequencies decrease due to the presence of damage in the fabricated structures.
Analysis on a Battery Thermal Management System of an Lithium-Ion Powered Battery with Heat Sink for an Electric Vehicle
Authors: Rohini A , Abishek AS , Jeeva S 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Electric vehicles (EVs) are changing the transportation business by giving an economical and sustainable option to the ecosystem in contrast to conventional vehicles with a sudden spike in demand for petroleum derivatives. The battery system that stores and disseminate electrical energy to the electric vehicles are basic to the outcome of EVs. Thermal management is basic for these batteries’ performance, safety and life span. This research article centres around the plan and examination of an EV-explicit Battery Thermal Management System (BTMS). To check the adverse consequences of high temperatures on battery cells, the BTMS integrates active and passive air-cooling strategies as well as different heat sink designs. The proposed BTMS further develops battery effectiveness, eliminate temperature-related risks and improves overall EV performance by maintaining appropriate thermal conditions. This study investigates the relevance of EV batteries, establishes defined objectives, gives numerical models and calculations, and conducts in-depth studies of various heat sink layouts. This research contributes to the growth of EV technology by empowering greener and cleaner transportation options while assuring the safety and efficiency of EV battery systems through careful examination and insightful analysis.
Stephen I, the First Christian King of Hungary
Authors: Berend Nora 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This book questions the central importance of Stephen I of Hungary (reigned 997–1038) in narratives of Hungarian history and national identity as the founder of the Hungarian state and church. It argues that instead of conceptualizing modern political medievalism separately as an ‘abuse’ of history, we must investigate history’s very fabric, because cultural memory is woven into the production of the medieval sources. Medieval myth-making served as a firm basis for centuries of further elaboration and reinterpretation, both in historiography and in political legitimizing strategies. In many ways, we cannot reach the ‘real’ Stephen, but we can do much more to understand the shaping of his myths. The author traces the origin of crucial stories around Stephen, contextualizing both the invention of early narratives and their later use. A challenger to Stephen’s rule who may be a medieval literary invention became the protagonist of a rock opera in 1983, also standing in for Imre Nagy, a key figure of the 1956 revolution; moreover, he was reinvented as the embodiment of true Hungarian identity. The alleged right hand relic was ‘discovered’ to provide added legitimacy for Hungary’s kings and then became a protagonist of the entanglement of Church and state. A medieval crown was invested with supernatural status, before turning into a national symbol. This book analyses the often-seamless flow that has turned medieval myth into modern history, showing that politicization was not a modern addition, but a determinant factor from the start.