bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Living with an artificial eye: qualitative insights into patient and family member experiences
Authors: Boele Florien W. , Kawalek Jessica Charlotte , Nicklin Emma , Gout Taras , Watson Judith M. ,   The PERSONAL-EYE-S Study Group, Woodward Amie , Coleman Elizabeth , Ronaldson Sarah , Zoltie Tim , Bartlett Paul , Wilson Laura , Walshaw Emma , Archer Tom , Chang Bernard , Kalantzis George , El-Hindy Nabil , Theaker Mike 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Artificial eye users (AEUs) can experience a negative impact on psychological and emotional wellbeing, including reduced social functioning, which may be a consequence of living with one eye removed, and/or of having a prosthetic eye. This may have wider consequences for their families. We aimed to explore what it means to live with a prosthetic eye, for both AEUs and their families—and how any quality of life (QoL) issues impact on their day-to-day functioning.

Methods
A subset of AEUs and their family members taking part in a feasibility randomised controlled trial comparing hand-painted to digitally printed artificial eyes were invited for semi-structured interviews. Transcripts were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Qualitative results related to trial participation are covered elsewhere. Here, we focus on QoL and day-to-day functioning.

Results
Twelve AEUs (eight males) and five spouses (one male) who had worn artificial eyes for 2–65 years took part, and four themes were identified. (1) Impact on day-to-day life: AEUs and their spouses have to adapt to (partial) sight loss, reduced levels of confidence, and social withdrawal. (2) Impact on psychological and emotional wellbeing: distress among AEUs and their spouses can be severe and prolonged, highlight unmet support needs. (3) Challenges with treatment experiences: AEUs experienced negative impact of fragmentation of care and long waiting times. (4) Worries about the future: AEUs mentioned fragility of remaining sight, and concerns around potential need for further treatment.

Conclusion
Patients and their family members experience negative impact of being an AEU on their everyday lives and quality of life. There is a potential role for psychosocial support services in supporting AEUs and their families even long after eye loss.
Pandemic Era Maternal Alexithymia and Burnout as Mediated by Self-Efficacy and Resilience
Authors: Scigala Konrad Dawid , Fabris Matteo Angelo Fabris , Zdankiewicz-Ścigała Elzbieta , Sikora Joanna , Longobardi Claudio 
Published: May 2024

AbstractParenting is considered a complex and stressful activity that is associated with the development of parental burnout, especially in the COVID -19 pandemic where mental health problems have a huge impact on individual lives and the division of family roles due to frequent closures. The aim of this study was to investigate whether various psychological characteristics such as alexithymia, resilience, and self-efficacy particularly influence the extent of parental burnout in mothers. For the study, 110 aged women qualified. Only mothers who had full-time jobs and worked from home were invited to participate in the study. Parental burnout was measured using the Parental Burnout Assessment. Level of alexithymia was measured with the Toronto Alexithymia Scale -20. Overall level of resilience as a personality trait was assessed with the Resilience Measurement Scale SPP -25. Beliefs about efficacy in dealing with difficult situations and obstacles were examined with the Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale. The results show that alexithyms had significantly higher levels of burnout than non-alexithyms on the first and second measures. In addition, a significant increase in burnout levels over time was found in the alexithymic group. Alexithymia was a strong predictor of parental burnout and tends to predict a decrease in perceived self-efficacy, which in turn predicts an increase in parental burnout. Finally, alexithymia predicts increased parental burnout through lower psychological resilience. Parents with high levels of parental burnout feel overwhelmed by the stresses associated with their parenting role and often express doubts about their ability to be competent parents.
Photo-Physical Characteristics of Janus Green B in Different Solvents and its Interaction Mechanism with Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: Gawad Sayed A. Abdel , Ghazy R. , Mansour S. , Ahmed Hala , Ghazy Ahmed R. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis work explores the effects of solvent polarity on Janus Green B (JGB) photophysical properties. The Lippert-Mataga, Billot, and Ravi equations were utilized to calculate the singlet-state excited dipole moments (µe) and ground state dipole moments (µg) using absorption and fluorescence spectra analyses. The results showed an increase in the former, which is suggestive of electronic structural alterations upon excitation. Analysis of fluorescence quantum yield values revealed that JGB’s environment had an impact on its emission characteristics; it was particularly sensitive to silver nanoparticles, suggesting possible interactions. While simulations of electron density, electrostatic potential, and energy gap (Eg) helped to understand the electronic structure of JGB, theoretical absorption spectra produced by Time Dependent Density Function Theory (TD-DFT) calculations offered insights into electronic transitions during absorption. To sum up, the present study contributes to our comprehension of the molecular behavior of JGB in various solvents by elucidating the intricate relationship among solvent polarity, molecular environment, and interactions with silver nanoparticles. Additionally, theoretical computations support the interpretation of experimental results.
Aging and Environmental Effects on the Superconductor $$\left[{{\text{Y}}}_{1\;-\;x}{{\text{Ca}}}_{x}\right]{{\text{SrBaCu}}}_{2.80}{\left({{\text{BO}}}_{3}\right)}_{0.20}{{\text{O}}}_{y}$$ with $$0.10\;\le\;x\;\le\;0.50$$
Authors: Bustamante Dominguez A. G. , Sanchez Cornejo H. E. , González J. C. , Ingo G. M. , Riccucci C. , Di Carlo G. , Pascucci M. , Aguiar J. Albino , Barnes C. H. W. , De Los Santos Valladares L. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe long-term (more than 20 years) aging effect and degradation study of a $$\left[{{\text{Y}}}_{1\;-\;x}{{\text{Ca}}}_{x}\right]{{\text{SrBaCu}}}_{2.80}{\left({{\text{BO}}}_{3}\right)}_{0.20}{{\text{O}}}_{y}$$

Y

1

-

x

Ca
x

SrBaCu

2.80

BO
3

0.20

O
y

powder ceramic superconductors with $$0.10\;\le\;x\;\le\;0.50$$

0.10

≤

x

≤

0.50

are studied by X-ray diffraction and DC Magnetic Property Measurement System (DC-MPMS-SQUID). The samples prepared by solid state reaction were well characterized and stored at normal conditions of pressure and temperature for more than 20 years. The aged samples present the formation of BaCO3 due to the exposure with the environment during that period. The temperature dependence of the magnetization under Hext = 10 Oe reveal that the superconducting state remains in the samples, except for that with x = 0.10, where a higher magnetic field (20 kOe) is required to be applied to observe a superconducting response. Remarkably, the samples show the same TC values despite the aging indicating that the magnetic alignment of the formed BaCO3 affects the magnetic propertied of the whole sample but not the superconducting alignment of the doped YBCO. This is also reflected in the $${\chi }^{-1}({\text{T}})$$

χ

-
1

(
T
)

plots at normal state, which show both ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic contribution, in contrast to what was obtained in the pristine samples which only presented antiferromagnetic coupling. From M(H) loops, the critical current density values at 10 K are obtained by using the critical Bean model in order to estimate the transport capabilities of the aged powders.
Evaluation of the terrestrial radionuclides and the occupational effective doses at a phosphate mills
Authors: Nasr Amal S. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPhosphate rocks are the raw materials for fertilizer production. This study aims to evaluate the occupational radiological hazards associated with phosphate rock processing. The average activity concentrations were 825 ± 41, 166 ± 8.3, 12 ± 0.6, and 1333 ± 67 (Bq/kg) for U-238, Ra-226, Th-232, and K-40 respectively. All these concentrations are typical for phosphate rocks. The average absorbed dose rate is 139 ± 7 (nGy/h), which is higher than the worldwide average, reflecting the relative high concentrations of U-238, Ra-226, and K-40. The average total annual effective dose is 0.53 ± 0.03 (mSv/y). All the radiological parameters are lower than the recommended limits.
Classification with costly features in hierarchical deep sets
Authors: Janisch Jaromír , Pevný Tomáš , Lisý Viliam 
Published: May 2024

AbstractClassification with costly features (CwCF) is a classification problem that includes the cost of features in the optimization criteria. Individually for each sample, its features are sequentially acquired to maximize accuracy while minimizing the acquired features’ cost. However, existing approaches can only process data that can be expressed as vectors of fixed length. In real life, the data often possesses rich and complex structure, which can be more precisely described with formats such as XML or JSON. The data is hierarchical and often contains nested lists of objects. In this work, we extend an existing deep reinforcement learning-based algorithm with hierarchical deep sets and hierarchical softmax, so that it can directly process this data. The extended method has greater control over which features it can acquire and, in experiments with seven datasets, we show that this leads to superior performance. To showcase the real usage of the new method, we apply it to a real-life problem of classifying malicious web domains, using an online service.
Flash-kinetics as a complementary analytical tool in PAM fluorimetry
Authors: Klughammer Christof , Schlosser Friedemann , Schreiber Ulrich 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA new measuring system based on the already existing Multi-Color-PAM Fluorimeter (Schreiber et al. in Photosynth Res 113:127–144, 2012) was developed that in addition to standard PAM measurements enables pump-and-probe flash measurements and allows simultaneous measurements of the changes in chlorophyll fluorescence yield (F) during application of saturating flashes (ST). A high-power Chip-on-Board LED array provides ST flashes with close to rectangular profiles at wide ranges of widths (0.5 µs to 5 ms), intensities (1.3 mmol to 1.3 mol 440 nm quanta m−2 s−1) and highly flexible repetition times. Using a dedicated rising-edge profile correction, sub-µs time resolution is obtained for assessment of initial fluorescence and rise kinetics. At maximal to moderate flash intensities the flash-kinetics (changes of F during course of ST, STK) are strongly affected by ‘High Intensity Quenching’ (HIQ), consisting of Car-triplet quenching, TQ, and donor-side-dependent quenching, DQ. The contribution of TQ is estimated by application of a second ST after 20 µs dark-time. Upon application of flash trains (ST sequences with defined repetition times) typical period-4 oscillations in dark fluorescence yield (F0) and ST-induced fluorescence yield, FmST, are obtained which can be measured in vivo both with suspensions and from the surface of leaves. Examples of application with dilute suspensions of Chlorella and an intact dandelion leaf are presented. It is shown that weak far-red light (730–740 nm) advances the S-state distribution of the water-splitting system by one step, resulting in substantial lowering of FmST and also of the I1-level in the polyphasic rise of fluorescence yield induced by a multiple-turnover flash (MT). Based on comparative measurements of STK and the polyphasic rise kinetics with the same Chlorella sample, it is concluded that the generally observed lower values of maximal fluorescence yields using ST-protocols compared to MT-protocols are due to a higher extent of HIQ (mainly DQ) and the contribution of variable PSI fluorescence to FmST.
“We’ve got a sisterhood …”: Understanding personal and peer empowerment capabilities in the narratives of South African women furthering their education while incarcerated
Authors: Parry Bianca Rochelle 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe empowering effect of higher education in a carceral environment is recognised globally as the most effective rehabilitative tool for reducing reoffence and promoting the reintegration of incarcerated individuals into society. While many researchers from the Global North have studied carceral education and accessibility, few of those studies have focused specifically on incarcerated women’s access to higher education. Even fewer have considered this topic within the context of the Global South. This qualitative exploratory study addresses gaps in the literature by exploring the experiences of seven women who have pursued and completed a higher education degree while incarcerated in South Africa’s largest correctional facility. The narrative inquiry highlights how higher education helped these women develop capabilities that went beyond education, improving their personal agency and their ability to support their peers.
Robust multipe imputation with GAM
Authors: Templ Matthias 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMultiple imputation of missing values is a key step in data analytics and a standard process in data science. Nonlinear imputation methods come into play whenever the linear relationship between a response and predictors cannot be linearized by transformations of variables, adding interactions, or using, e.g., quadratic terms. Generalized additive models (GAM) and its extension, GAMLSS—where each parameter of the distribution, such as mean, variance, skewness, and kurtosis, can be represented as a function of predictors, are widely used nonlinear methods. However, non-robust methods such as standard GAM’s and GAMLSS’s can be swayed by outliers, leading to outlier-driven imputations. This can apply concerning both representative outliers—those true yet unusual values of your population—and non-representative outliers, which are mere measurement errors. Robust (imputation) methods effectively manage outliers and exhibit resistance to their influence, providing a more reliable approach to dealing with missing data. The innovative solution of the proposed new imputation algorithm tackles three major challenges related to robustness. (1) A robust bootstrap method is employed to handle model uncertainty during the imputation of a random sample. (2) The approach incorporates robust fitting techniques to enhance accuracy. (3) It effectively considers imputation uncertainty in a resilient manner. Furthermore, any complex model for any variable with missingness can be considered and run through the algorithm. For the real-world data sets used and the simulation study conducted, the novel algorithm imputeRobust which includes robust methods for imputation with GAM’s demonstrates superior performance compared to existing imputation methods using GAMLSS. Limitations pertain to the imputation of categorical variables using robust techniques.
Machine learning-based methods for MCS prediction in 5G networks
Authors: Tsipi Lefteris , Karavolos Michail , Papaioannou Grigorios , Volakaki Maria , Vouyioukas Demosthenes 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn the ever-evolving landscape of wireless communication systems, including fifth-generation (5G) networks and beyond (B5G), accurate Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) prediction is crucial for optimizing data transmission efficiency and quality of service. Traditional MCS selection methods rely on predefined rules and heuristics, offering transparency and control but lacking adaptability in changing wireless conditions. The emergence of Machine Learning (ML) has brought transformative capabilities, particularly in MCS prediction. ML leverages data-driven models, promising improved accuracy and adaptability in dynamic wireless environments. This paper marks a novel endeavor in this domain, as it explores and evaluates a range of machine learning (ML) techniques for predicting MCS in orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) systems, representing the first such investigation in this field. Additionally, it introduces a specialized Deep Neural Network (DNN) architecture with two hidden layers for MCS prediction, guided by performance metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. The examined ML methods include Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), and Bagging with k-NN (B-kNN). These methods undergo thorough training and evaluation using a dataset generated from simulations of non-standalone 5G networks. The study incorporates physical layer measurements and employs a ray-tracing path loss prediction model for comprehensive environmental characterization. Also, advanced data mining techniques preprocess raw data, addressing model underfitting and overfitting challenges. Finally, performance evaluation results reveal that the ANN with two hidden layers achieves the highest accuracy at 98.71%, while RF and B-kNN methods attain the lowest accuracy, below 88.65%. SVM and ANN models, with one and four hidden layers, respectively, demonstrate comparable MCS prediction accuracy, ranging from 97.02 to 97.30%.
Broadening the coating applications of sustainable materials by reinforcing epoxidized corn oil with single-walled carbon nanotubes
Authors: Necolau Mădălina Ioana , Radu Iulia Nicoleta , Bălănucă Brînduşa , Frone Adriana Nicoleta , Damian Celina Maria 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn the global context of environmental awareness, the present research proposes a sustainable alternative to the widely used petroleum-based epoxy coatings. Epoxidized corn oil (ECO) was tested as potential matrix for advanced nanocomposite coating materials reinforced with 0.25 to 1 wt.% single-walled carbon nanotubes (SW) with carboxyl and amide functionalities. The elemental composition of the epoxy networks was monitored by XPS, showing the increase of O/C ratio to 0.387 when carboxyl-functionalized SW are added. To achieve sustainable composite materials, citric acid was used as curing agent, as a substitute for conventional counterparts. The influence of both surface functional groups and concentration of SW was evaluated through structural and thermo-mechanical analysis. The progressive increase of the DSC enthalpy for SW formulated systems indicates a possible pattern for specific interactions within the bio-based epoxy translated by adjusted activation energy. For 1% neat SW addition, the Ea values decreased to 46 kJ/mol in comparison with 53 kJ/mol calculated for neat epoxy. Furthermore, the -COOH groups from SW nanostructures exerted a strong influence over the mechanical performance of bio-epoxy networks, improving the crosslinking density with ~ 60% and twofold the storage modulus value. Accordingly, by gradual addition of SW-COOH filler within the ECO-based formulations, a very consistent behaviour in seawater was noted, with a 28% decreased value for the absorption degree.
Graphical Abstract
Institutional Racism and Social Norms: On the Debate Between Rawls and Mills
Authors: Oh Keunchang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this paper, I engage with the debate between John Rawls and Charles Mills. In the first part, relevant works by Rawls and Mills are mainly examined. To this end, I first begin by examining Rawls’s ideal theory of justice and its relevance to the issue of racism. I then consider Mills’s non-ideal critique of Rawls and supplement it with the help of the notion of social norms. Whereas Rawls’s view can deal with racial injustice as discrimination, in my view, I argue that Mills’s theory is mostly concerned with racist injustice as oppression. Between racial injustice as discrimination and racist injustice as oppression, however, there are varying degrees of race-related wrongs, which can be elucidated by harmful social norms. As a result, I conclude that Mills’s point can be shown without supposing that the Rawlsian basic structure is inherently racist.
Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy Reduces Gut Luminal Deoxycholic Acid Concentrations in Mice
Authors: Shishani Rahaf , Wang Annie , Lyo Victoria , Nandakumar Renu , Cummings Bethany P. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Bariatric surgery alters bile acid metabolism, which contributes to post-operative improvements in metabolic health. However, the mechanisms by which bariatric surgery alters bile acid metabolism are incompletely defined. In particular, the role of the gut microbiome in the effects of bariatric surgery on bile acid metabolism is incompletely understood. Therefore, we sought to define the changes in gut luminal bile acid composition after vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG).

Methods
Bile acid profile was determined by UPLC-MS/MS in serum and gut luminal samples from VSG and sham-operated mice. Sham-operated mice were divided into two groups: one was fed ad libitum, while the other was food-restricted to match their body weight to the VSG-operated mice.

Results
VSG decreased gut luminal secondary bile acids, which was driven by a decrease in gut luminal deoxycholic acid concentrations and abundance. However, gut luminal cholic acid (precursor for deoxycholic acid) concentration and abundance did not differ between groups. Therefore, the observed decrease in gut luminal deoxycholic acid abundance after VSG was not due to a reduction in substrate availability.

Conclusion
VSG decreased gut luminal deoxycholic acid abundance independently of body weight, which may be driven by a decrease in gut bacterial bile acid metabolism.

Graphical Abstract
Examining mathematics teachers’ creative actions in programming-based mathematical activities
Authors: Ye Huiyan , Ng Oi-Lam , Leung Allen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThere has been a renewed interest in creativity as a twenty-first century skill in K-12 mathematics education. However, previous research has paid less attention to creative actions than to other learning outcomes, which are often product- instead of process-based, especially in a programming context. Thus, situated in the context of mathematical learning in a block-based programming environment, Scratch, this study seeks to investigate how in-service mathematics teachers develop mathematical concepts and programming skills to demonstrate their creative actions as a form of professional development. By conducting task-based interviews and thematic analysis, we found that testing and iterative practices of reusing and remixing are two important kinds of creative actions inspired by the programming environment, which give rise to new possibilities for doing mathematics in terms of generating new ways to engage in mathematical processes and to understand mathematics from a computational perspective. Our findings will inform teacher education and professional development programs addressing creativity in technology-enhanced mathematics classrooms, with particular attention to the role of mathematics, programming, and their interplay in inspiring teachers’ (and students’) creative actions and new possibilities for doing mathematics.