bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BYZO Nanopancakes in HTS YBa2Cu3O7-δ Films: Effect on Critical Current Density and Nonlinear Microwave Response
Authors: Flis Victor S. , Svetchnikov Vassily L. , Kalenyuk Oleksa A. , Kasatkin Alexander L. , Moskaliuk Viacheslav O. , Rebikov Andrey I. , Tretiatchenko Constantin G. , Pan Volodymyr M. 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACTWe have studied nanostructure, electric transport and microwave properties of HTS YBa2Cu3O7-δ films prepared by PLD on LaAlO3 single crystal substrates using targets doped with BaZrO3. Two essentially different types of nanoparticles are revealed by HREM: “nanopancakes” and “nanorods”. Tiny nanopancakes are 1-4 nm in ab-plane and only few atomic layers thick. Nanopancakes are surrounded with deformed area and numerous dislocations. Such nanoparticles seem to be responsible for jc enhancement. Nanopancakes evolve to much wider and longer nanorods at higher substrate temperatures and/or slower deposition. There are no dislocations around nanorods. Elastic strains are avoided due to slight inclination of the c-axis. Dislocations around nanopancakes are suggested to be additional flux pinning centers and retard thermally activated relaxation of the dislocation nanostructure.
A brief review of some application driven fast algorithms for elliptic partial differential equations
Authors: Daripa Prabir 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
Some application driven fast algorithms developed by the author and his collaborators for elliptic partial differential equations are briefly reviewed here. Subsequent use of the ideas behind development of these algorithms for further development of other algorithms some of which are currently in progress is briefly mentioned. Serial and parallel implementation of these algorithms and their applications to some pure and applied problems are also briefly reviewed.
Pneumatic pulsator design as an example of numerical simulations in engineering applications
Authors: Wołosz Krzysztof , Wernik Jacek 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
The paper presents the part of the investigation that has been carried out in order to develop the pneumatic pulsator which is to be employed as an unblocking device at lose material silo outlets. The part of numerical simulation is reported. The fluid dynamics issues have been outlined which are present during supersonic airflow thought the head of the pulsator. These issues describe the pneumatic impact phenomenon onto the loose material bed present in the silo to which walls the pulsator is assembled. The investigation presented in the paper are industrial applicable and the result is the working prototype of the industrial pneumatic pulsator. The numerical simulation has led to change the piston shape which is moving inside the head of the pulsator, and therefore, to reduce the pressure losses during the airflow. A stress analysis of the pulsator controller body has been carried out while the numerical simulation investigation part of the whole project. The analysis has made possible the change of the controller body material from cast iron to aluminium alloy.
Evaluation of stress-strain behavior of surface treated steels by X-ray diffraction
Authors: Coelho Luis , Batista A. , Nobre J. , Marques M. 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
X-ray diffraction assisted four-point bending method (XRDABM) enables to analyze the evolution of surface stress with the strain during bending of specimens. This experimental methodology was used to characterize the stress-strain behavior of two plasma nitriding steels, DIN 40 Cr Mn Mo 7 and DIN 32 Cr Mo V 13, with gradients of mechanical properties across the surface layers, allowing the characterization of the in-depth evolution of the local yield strength in the nitrided layer. The results show a significantly increase of the yield strength of the nitride layers and a good agreement between the in-depth evolution of the yield strength and the XRD peak breadth for the two nitrided steels.
La représentativité des armées et ses enjeux
Authors: Boëne Bernard 
Published: October 2011

Résumé L’interrogation sur la représentativité des organisations publiques par rapport à diverses mesures de la population nationale est d’origine anglo-saxonne. Le présent article s’attache à situer les causes et raisons qui pourraient conférer à une telle problématique, appliquée aux armées, substance et force dans le contexte français, comparé autant que de besoin aux cas américain et britannique. Il passe succinctement en revue la littérature pertinente, et précise les deux interprétations, issues des variétés classique et tardive de la modernité, que peut recevoir le concept. Ayant évoqué les mesures qui leur sont associées et les sources de problèmes liées à leur coexistence en tension, il examine, sur la base d’études des années 2000, les aspects (recommandés par les comparaisons anglo-saxonnes) qui semblent le mieux se prêter à une hypothétique montée en puissance de cette problématique en France : la composition sociale des armées, les femmes militaires, les minorités visibles. La réponse est prudente et nuancée : malgré d’indéniables tendances en ce sens, selon les deux logiques (mais avec une domination de la vision citoyenne sur la logique identitaire), nombre de facteurs, notamment l’absence de problèmes insurmontables depuis la professionnalisation intégrale, la forte adhésion des militaires aux valeurs institutionnelles et un manque d’intérêt pour les armées de la part des activistes extérieurs, ont jusqu’ici inhibé préoccupations et controverses de ce genre. L’auteur n’exclut cependant pas pour l’avenir des inflexions liées à la baisse programmée des effectifs et à une possible contagion à partir d’autres secteurs de la société française (médias, conseils d’administration des grandes entreprises, élus et cadres des partis, grandes écoles et classes préparatoires) où la question de la représentativité est déjà posée.
La gestion des émotions dans les opérations en faveur de la paix
Authors: Weibull Louise 
Published: October 2011

Résumé Cet article aborde les diverses facettes de la gestion des émotions et de ses exigences au travers d’une étude qualitative portant sur les troupes suédoises déployées dans le cadre d’opérations en faveur de la paix, pour l’essentiel au Kosovo et au Libéria. Il s’éloigne des traditions de recherche établies en sociologie des émotions. L’analyse des données recueillies s’y réfère en effet à la typologie élaborée par Bolton (2005) à propos des émotions au travail. Cette typologie offre un cadre pluridimensionnel mettant en évidence la façon dont les règles de gestion du sentiment qui émanent de l’organisation, de la profession et de la société influent sur la motivation, l’identité professionnelle, l’efficacité et la manière de servir. L’étude valide une double hypothèse, la typologie de Bolton révèle certains aspects jusque-là restés dans l’ombre des contraintes qui pèsent en la matière sur les acteurs militaires des opérations en faveur de la paix ; les exigences de la gestion émotionnelle sont plus aiguës dans ce cadre d’activité que dans ceux dont a traité jusqu’ici la littérature.
Binding of Anti-SSA Antibodies to Apoptotic Fetal Cardiocytes Stimulates Urokinase Plasminogen Activator (uPA)/uPA Receptor-Dependent Activation of TGF-β and Potentiates Fibrosis
Authors: Briassouli Paraskevi , Rifkin Daniel , Clancy Robert M. , Buyon Jill P. 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
In congenital heart block (CHB), binding of maternal anti-SSA/Ro Abs to fetal apoptotic cardiocytes impairs their removal by healthy cardiocytes and increases urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA)/uPA receptor (uPAR)-dependent plasmin activation. Because the uPA/uPAR system plays a role in TGF-β activation, we evaluated whether anti-Ro binding to apoptotic cardiocytes enhances plasmin-mediated activation of TGF-β, thereby promoting a profibrosing phenotype. Supernatants from cocultures of healthy cardiocytes and apoptotic cardiocytes bound by IgG from a mother whose child had CHB (apoptotic-CHB–IgG [apo-CHB–IgG]) exhibited significantly increased levels of active TGF-β compared with supernatants from cocultures of healthy cardiocytes and apoptotic cardiocytes preincubated with IgG from a healthy donor. Treatment of the culture medium with anti–TGF-β Ab or TGF-β inhibitor (SB431542) abrogated the luciferase response, thereby confirming TGF-β dependency. Increased uPA levels and activity were present in supernatants generated from cocultures of healthy cardiocytes and apo-CHB–IgG cardiocytes compared with healthy cardiocytes and apoptotic cardiocytes preincubated with IgG from a healthy donor, respectively. Treatment of apo-CHB–IgG cardiocytes with anti-uPAR or anti-uPA Abs or plasmin inhibitor aprotinin prior to coculturing with healthy cardiocytes attenuated TGF-β activation. Supernatants derived from cocultures of healthy cardiocytes and apo-CHB–IgG cardiocytes promoted Smad2 phosphorylation and fibroblast transdifferentiation, as evidenced by increased smooth muscle actin and collagen expression, which decreased when fibroblasts were treated with supernatants from cocultures pretreated with uPAR Abs. These data suggested that binding of anti-Ro Abs to apoptotic cardiocytes triggers TGF-β activation, by virtue of increasing uPAR-dependent uPA activity, thus initiating and amplifying a cascade of events that promotes myofibroblast transdifferentiation and scar.
Semen Clusterin Is a Novel DC-SIGN Ligand
Authors: Sabatte Juan , Faigle Wolfgang , Ceballos Ana , Morelle Willy , Rodríguez Rodrígues Christian , Remes Lenicov Federico , Thépaut Michel , Fieschi Franck , Malchiodi Emilio , Fernández Marisa , Arenzana-Seisdedos Fernando , Lortat-Jacob Hugues , Michalski Jean-Claude , Geffner Jorge , Amigorena Sebastian 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe C-type lectin receptor dendritic cell-specific ICAM-3–grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN) is an important player in the recognition of pathogens by dendritic cells. A plethora of pathogens including viruses, bacteria, parasites, and fungi are recognized by DC-SIGN through both mannose and fucose-containing glycans expressed on the pathogen surface. In this study, we identified semen clusterin as a novel DC-SIGN ligand. Semen clusterin, but not serum clusterin, expresses an extreme abundance of fucose-containing blood-type Ags such as Lex and Ley, which are both excellent DC-SIGN ligands. These motifs enable semen clusterin to bind DC-SIGN with very high affinity (Kd 76 nM) and abrogate the binding of HIV-1 to DC-SIGN. Depletion of clusterin from semen samples, however, did not completely prevent the ability of semen to inhibit the capture of HIV-1 by DC-SIGN, supporting that besides clusterin, semen contains other DC-SIGN ligands. Further studies are needed to characterize these ligands and define their contribution to the DC-SIGN–blocking activity mediated by semen. Clusterin is an enigmatic protein involved in a variety of physiologic and pathologic processes including inflammation, atherosclerosis, and cancer. Our results uncover an unexpected heterogeneity in the glycosylation pattern of clusterin and suggest that the expression of high concentrations of fucose-containing glycans enables semen clusterin to display a unique set of biological functions that might affect the early course of sexually transmitted infectious diseases.
A Novel Combination Immunotherapy for Cancer by IL-13Rα2–Targeted DNA Vaccine and Immunotoxin in Murine Tumor Models
Authors: Nakashima Hideyuki , Terabe Masaki , Berzofsky Jay A. , Husain Syed R. , Puri Raj K. 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
Optimum efficacy of therapeutic cancer vaccines may require combinations that generate effective antitumor immune responses, as well as overcome immune evasion and tolerance mechanisms mediated by progressing tumor. Previous studies showed that IL-13Rα2, a unique tumor-associated Ag, is a promising target for cancer immunotherapy. A targeted cytotoxin composed of IL-13 and mutated Pseudomonas exotoxin induced specific killing of IL-13Rα2+ tumor cells. When combined with IL-13Rα2 DNA cancer vaccine, surprisingly, it mediated synergistic antitumor effects on tumor growth and metastasis in established murine breast carcinoma and sarcoma tumor models. The mechanism of synergistic activity involved direct killing of tumor cells and cell-mediated immune responses, as well as elimination of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and, consequently, regulatory T cells. These novel results provide a strong rationale for combining immunotoxins with cancer vaccines for the treatment of patients with advanced cancer.
Unilateral Vocal Cord Palsy: An Etiopathological Study
Authors: Pavithran Jayanthy 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACT

Objective
The incidence of various causes of unilateral vocal cord palsy (UVCP) has been found to change over time and place. To arrive at the correct diagnosis is important in determining the prognosis as well as the time and mode of intervention. This study intends to evaluate the current etiological profile of unilateral vocal cord palsy in our center and compare it with the previous studies.

Methods
A retrospective study of case records of all consecutive patients with a diagnosis of UVCP presented to Kerala Institute of Medical Sciences, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, South India in the period between September 2002 and May 2009 was conducted. The exclusion criteria were all laryngeal and hypopharyngeal malignancies, intubation injuries and cricoarytenoid joint ankylosis. Factors taken for analysis were age, gender, side of palsy and etiology.

Results
A total of 121 cases including 88 males and 33 females in the age range of 2 to 86 years were studied. 61.1% patients had left-sided palsy and 38.8% had right-sided palsy. The incidence of various etiologies were idiopathic (42.1%), surgical trauma (22.3%), nonsurgical trauma (6.61%), nonlaryngeal malignancy (6.61%), central (12.4%) and other benign lesions (9.09%). The incidence of all nonthyroidectomy surgeries together (59.3%) was more than that of thyroidectomy (40.7%). The most common individual surgical procedure was still thyroidectomy (11 cases, 40.7%) followed by coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) (7 cases, 25.9%).

Conclusion
Idiopathic vocal cord palsy constituted the major subgroup. Thyroidectomy continues to be the single most common surgical procedure responsible for vocal cord palsy. Cardiac surgeries, trauma and cerebrovascular accidents are also increasingly causing vocal cord palsy, which is suggestive of the changing trend in life style and life expectancy. The right recurrent laryngeal nerve is not at higher risk than the left in thyroid surgery. Benign thyroid swellings also contribute significantly to UVCP.
Puberphonia
Authors: Chandra Satish T , Rao Sudhakar M , Kumar Ajay Y , Murthy PSN 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACT
Puberphonia is a psychogenic voice disorder; so far the treatment for this one is speech therapy. Even though there is no organic lesion, surgical treatment holds good for the resistant cases who does not improve with speech therapy. Here, we are sharing our experience of 7 cases with proper preoperative and postoperative voice analysis.
The effect of air pollution on haemostasis
Authors: Emmerechts J. , Hoylaerts M. F. 
Published: October 2011

SummaryAmbient environmental air pollutants include gaseous and particulate components. In polluted air, especially particulate matter seems responsible for cardiovascular complications: It consists of a heterogeneous mixture of solid and liquid particles with different diameters ranging from large thoracic to ultrafine particles, with a diameter < 100 nm. Ultrafines can penetrate deeply into the lung to deposit in the alveoli. Cardiovascular manifestations result both from short-term and long-term exposure and have been linked to interference with the autonomic nervous system, direct translocation into the systemic circulation, pulmonary inflammation and oxidative stress. Thrombotic complications associated with air pollution comprise arterial and probably venous thrombogenicity.This review describes the existing epidemiological and experimental evidence to explain the rapid induction of myocardial infarction within 1–2 hours after exposure to polluted air and advances several explanations as to why more chronic exposure will lead to enhanced venous thrombogenicity. Mechanisms such as platelet activation, endothelial dysfunction, coagulation factor changes and microvesicle production are discussed.
Efficient Solution‐Processed Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells by Antiparallel Supramolecular Arrangement of Dipolar Donor–Acceptor Dyes
Authors: Bürckstümmer Hannah , Tulyakova Elena V. , Deppisch Manuela , Lenze Martin R. , Kronenberg Nils M. , Gsänger Marcel , Stolte Matthias , Meerholz Klaus , Würthner Frank 
Published: October 2011

AbstractA series of dipolar donor–acceptor (D–A) chromophores with aminothiophene donor and different heterocyclic acceptor units is reported. By modulation of the acceptor strength, absorption bands over the whole visible spectrum are accessible as well as adjustment of the frontier molecular orbital levels. The performance of the chromophores in blends with fullerene acceptors in solution‐processed bulk heterojunction solar cells was studied and related to the molecular properties of the dyes. In particular, the effect of the large ground‐state dipole moments of these dyes was investigated by single crystal X‐ray analysis, which revealed antiparallel dimers, resulting in an annihilation of the dipole moments. This specific feature of supramolecular organization explains the excellent performance of merocyanine dyes in organic solar cells. With blends of HB366:PC71BM, the most efficient solar cell with a VOC of 1.0 V, a JSC of 10.2 mA cm−2, and a power‐conversion efficiency of 4.5 % was achieved under standard AM1.5, 100 mW cm−2 conditions. Under reduced lighting conditions, even higher efficiencies up to 5.1 % was obtained.
Nickel(II) complexes bearing the bis(β‐ketoamino) ligand for the copolymerization of norbornene with a higher 1‐alkene
Authors: Xing Yuepeng , Chen Yiwang , He Xiaohui , Nie Huarong 
Published: October 2011

AbstractA novel bis(β‐ketoamino)Ni(II) complex catalyst, Ni{CF3C(O)CHC[N(naphthyl)]CH3}2, was synthesized, and the structure was solved by a single‐crystal X‐ray refraction technique. The copolymerization of norbornene with higher 1‐alkene was carried out in toluene with catalytic systems based on nickel(II) complexes, Ni{RC(O)CHC[N(naphthyl)]CH3}2(RCH3, CF3) and B(C6F5)3, and high activity was exhibited by both catalytic systems. The effects of the catalyst structure and comonomer feed content on the polymerization activity and the incorporation rates were investigated. The reactivity ratios were determined to be r1‐octene = 0.009 and rnorbornene = 13.461 by the Kelen–Tüdõs method for the Ni{CH3C(O)CHC[N(naphthyl)]CH3}2/B(C6F5)3 system. The achieved copolymers were confirmed to be vinyl‐addition copolymers through the analysis of 1H‐NMR and 13C‐NMR. The thermogravimetric analysis results showed that the copolymers exhibited good thermal stability (decomposition temperature, Tdec > 400°C), and the glass‐transition temperature of the copolymers were observed between 215 and 275°C. The copolymers were confirmed to be noncrystalline by wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction analysis and showed good solubility in common organic solvents. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Morphology evolution of miscible blends between crystalline PA6 and amorphous PA6IcoT
Authors: Cao Kun , Li Yan , Yao Zhen , Zhou Guang‐da , Zeng Changchun , Huang Zhi‐ming 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe morphology evolution of miscible blends of a semicrystalline polyamide 6 (PA6) and an amorphous polyamide 6Ico6T (PA6IcoT) was investigated using an internal Brabender mixer at a temperature range 220–260°C. Morphology of the blends was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and laser particle analysis. Temperature rising dissolution was used to separate the different phases of the blends and the phase compositions were determined by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The particle size evolution of the dispersed phase (PA6) was calculated and agreed well with experimental observation. It was found that the particle size was quickly reduced to nanometer scale after several minutes of processing. A convection‐diffusion model was adopted to study the phase evolution during melt–melt mixing stage and compute the dimension of each phase. The results strongly support the notion of existence of distinct phases during blending, whose development can be well described by the model. The dispersed phase is reduced mainly by stretching of flow, while the broadening of the blending phase can be primarily attributed to molecular diffusion. The study also suggests the possibility to prepare novel polymer blends with nanometer sized domain of high uniformity. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Synthesis and Cytotoxic Evaluation of Some New Phthalazinylpiperazine Derivatives
Authors: Liu Yajing , Zhang Shulan , Li Ye , Wang Jianqiang , Song Yu , Gong Ping 
Published: October 2011

AbstractA new series of 1,4‐disubstituted phthalazinylpiperazine derivatives 7a–f, 12a–f and 20a–f were designed and synthesized in order to develop potent and selective antitumor agents. The target compounds were screened for their cytotoxic activities against A549, HT‐29 and MDA‐MB‐231 cancer cell lines in vitro. Among them, compounds 7a–f exhibited excellent selectivity for MDA‐MB‐231 with IC50 values ranging from 0.013 µM to 0.079 µM. The most promising compound, 7e (IC50 = 2.19 µM, 2.19 µM, 0.013 µM), was 9.3, 10, and 4.9 × 103 times more active than vatalanib (IC50 = 20.27 µM, 21.96 µM, 63.90 µM), respectively.
The fibulocalcaneus (peroneocalcaneus) internus muscle of MacAlister: Clinical and surgical implications
Authors: Lambert H. Wayne , Atsas Stavros , Fox Jacob N. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractA fibulocalcaneus (peroneocalcaneus) internus (PCI) muscle (of MacAlister) was identified and photographed in the left leg of a 78‐year‐old Caucasian female cadaver. This case study provides the first gross anatomical photo of this anomalous leg muscle and represents the first gross anatomical dissection of this muscle since 1914. The PCI muscle arose from the distal third of the fibula, posterior intermuscular septum of the leg, and flexor hallucis longus muscle. The PCI muscle inserted into the inferior surface of the medial calcaneus distal to the coronoid fossa, a small depression between the anterior tuberosity and the anterior apex of the sustentaculum tali. This insertion point differs from the historical literature, which commonly refers to the muscle inserting into the inferior surface of the sustentaculum tali of the calcaneus or simply distal to the sustentaculum tali into the medial aspect of the calcaneus. The PCI muscle is one of the least common muscular variants associated with the ankle joint, and it has been implicated in posterior ankle pain and impingement, as well as involvement in tarsal tunnel syndrome. This muscle is often confused with the flexor digitorum accessorius longus (FDAL) muscle. Additionally, this study describes ways to differentiate between the PCI and FDAL muscles in the lower leg. Radiologists and clinicians should be aware of this anomalous muscle when considering various diagnoses, interpreting radiographs, and pursuing surgical intervention to relieve posterior ankle symptoms. Clin. Anat. 24:1000–1004, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.