bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunomodulatory Peptides for Tumor Treatment
Authors: Song Yang , Lei Longtianyang , Cai Xingyu , Wei Hua , Yu Cui‐Yun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPeptides exhibit various biological activities, including biorecognition, cell targeting, and tumor penetration, and can stimulate immune cells to elicit immune responses for tumor immunotherapy. Peptide self‐assemblies and peptide‐functionalized nanocarriers can reduce the effect of various biological barriers and the degradation by peptidases, enhancing the efficiency of peptide delivery and improving antitumor immune responses. To date, the design and development of peptides with various functionalities have been extensively reviewed for enhanced chemotherapy; however, peptide‐mediated tumor immunotherapy using peptides acting on different immune cells, to the knowledge, has not yet been summarized. Thus, this work provides a review of this emerging subject of research, focusing on immunomodulatory anticancer peptides. This review introduces the role of peptides in the immunomodulation of innate and adaptive immune cells, followed by a link between peptides in the innate and adaptive immune systems. The peptides are discussed in detail, following a classification according to their effects on different innate and adaptive immune cells, as well as immune checkpoints. Subsequently, two delivery strategies for peptides as drugs are presented: peptide self‐assemblies and peptide‐functionalized nanocarriers. The concluding remarks regarding the challenges and potential solutions of peptides for tumor immunotherapy are presented.
Accurate Simulation for 2D Lubricating Materials in Realistic Environments: From Classical to Quantum Mechanical Methods
Authors: Hao Yu , Sun Tian‐Yu , Ye Jin‐Tao , Huang Liang‐Feng , Wang Li‐Ping 
Published: April 2024

Abstract2D materials such as graphene, MoS2, and hexagonal BN are the most advanced solid lubricating materials with superior friction and anti‐wear performance. However, as a typical surface phenomenon, the lubricating properties of 2D materials are largely dependent on the surrounding environment, such as temperature, stress, humidity, oxygen, and other environmental substances. Given the technical challenges in experiment for real‐time and in situ detection of microscopic environment–material interaction, recent years have witnessed the acceleration of computational research on the lubrication behavior of 2D materials in realistic environments. This study reviews the up‐to‐date computational studies for the effect of environmental factors on the lubrication performance of 2D materials, summarizes the theoretical methods in lubrication from classical to quantum‐mechanics ones, and emphasizes the importance of quantum method in revealing the lubrication mechanism at atomic and electronic level. An effective simulation method based on ab initio molecular dynamics is also proposed to try to provide more ways to accurately reveal the friction mechanisms and reliably guide the lubricating material design. On the basis of current development, future prospects, and challenges for the simulation and modeling in lubrication with realistic environment are outlined.
Multicomponent Heteroarylphosphorothiolation of Alkenes for Accessing β‐Phosphorothiolated Quinoxalinones
Authors: Peng Sha , Yang Li‐Hua , Xu Xiang‐Qin , Xie Long‐Yong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHerein, we present a (NH4)2S2O8 mediated difunctionalization reaction of aryl alkenes with quinoxalinones and P(O)SH compounds. This method enables the synthesis of various phosphorothioate‐containing quinoxalin‐2(1H)‐one derivatives (46 examples) in 37–79% yields. The reaction is compatible with a range of functional groups and is easily adaptable to large‐scale synthesis. Preliminary studies suggest the involvement of phosphorothioate radicals in these transformations.
Suppressed Electrolyte Decomposition Behavior to Improve Cycling Performance of LiCoO2 under 4.6 V through the Regulation of Interfacial Adsorption Forces
Authors: Sun Chao , Zhao Bing , Jing Zhuan‐fang , Zhang Hao , Wen Qing , Chen He‐zhang , Zhang Xia‐hui , Zheng Jun‐chao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAlleviating the decomposition of the electrolyte is of great significance to improving the cycle stability of cathodes, especially for LiCoO2 (LCO), its volumetric energy density can be effectively promoted by increasing the charge cutoff voltage to 4.6 V, thereby supporting the large‐scale application of clean energy. However, the rapid decomposition of the electrolyte under 4.6 V conditions not only loses the transport carrier for lithium ion, but also produces HF and insulators that destroy the interface of LCO and increase impedance. In this work, the decomposition of electrolyte is effectively suppressed by changing the adsorption force between LCO interface and EC. Density functional theory illustrates the LCO coated with lower electronegativity elements has a weaker adsorption force with the electrolyte, the adsorption energy between LCO@Mg and EC (0.49 eV) is weaker than that of LCO@Ti (0.73 eV). Meanwhile, based on the results of time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, conductivity‐atomic force microscopy, in situ differential electrochemical mass spectrometry, soft X‐ray absorption spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance, as the adsorption force increases, the electrolyte decomposes more seriously. This work provides a new perspective on the interaction between electrolyte and the interface of cathode and further improves the understanding of electrolyte decomposition.
Direct Evidence of the Effect of Water Molecules Position in the Spectroscopy, Dynamics, and Lighting Performance of an Eco‐Friendly Mn‐Based Organic–Inorganic Metal Halide Material for High‐Performance LEDs and Solvent Vapor Sensing
Authors: Gutiérrez Mario , de la Hoz Tomás Mario , Rakshit Soumyadipta , Lezama Luis , Cohen Boiko , Douhal Abderrazzak 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLuminescent Mn(II)‐based organic–inorganic hybrid halides have drawn attention as potential materials for sensing and photonics applications. Here, the synthesis and characterization of methylammonium (MA) manganese bromide ((MA)nBrxMn(H2O)2, (n = 1, 4 and x = 3, 6)) with different stoichiometries of the organic cation and inorganic counterpart, are reported. While the Mn2+ centers have an octahedral conformation, the two coordinating water molecules are found either in cis (1) or in trans (2) positions. The photophysical behavior of 1 reflects the luminescence of Mn2+ in an octahedral environment. Although Mn2+ in 2 also has octahedral coordination, at room temperature dual emission bands at ≈530 and ≈660 nm are observed, explained in terms of emission from Mn2+ in tetragonally compressed octahedra and self‐trapped excitons (STEs), respectively. Above the room temperature, 2 shows quasi‐tetrahedral behavior with intense green emission, while at temperatures below 140 K, another STE band emerges at 570 nm. Time‐resolved experiments (77–360 K) provide a clear picture of the excited dynamics. 2 shows rising components due to STEs formation equilibrated at room temperature with their precursors. Finally, the potential of these materials for the fabrication of color‐tunable down‐converted light‐emitting diode (LED) and for detecting polar solvent vapors is shown.
Novel Spatially Asymmetric Copper Bismuthate‐Mediated Augmentation of Energy Conversion to Realize “Three‐Step” Tumor Suppression
Authors: Wang Jiarui , Zheng Haoqin , Hu Guangyao , Yang Xujian , You Hongpeng , Dong Lile , Song Shuyan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe generally undesirable bandgap and electron–hole complexation of inorganic sonosensitizers limit the efficiency of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, affecting the effectiveness of sonodynamic therapy (SDT). Comparatively, the novel polyvinylpyrrolidone‐modified copper bismuthate (PCBO) sonosensitizers are manufactured for a “three‐step” SDT promotion. In brief, first, the strong hybridization between Bi 6s and O 2p orbitals in PCBO narrows the bandgap (1.83 eV), facilitating the rapid transfer of charge carriers. Additionally, nonequivalent [CuO4]6− layers reduce crystal symmetry, confer PCBO unique piezoelectricity, and improve electron–hole separation under ultrasonic (US) excitation. This allows PCBO to convert US energy into chemical energy to produce ROS, achieving the accumulation of abundant ROS, resulting in apoptosis and tumor suppression. Concurrently, PCBO also acts as a glutathione scavenger to reduce tumor antioxidant capacity and improve efficacy. To the best of authors understanding, this study reveals PCBO as an innovative piezoelectric sonosensitizer and provides a meaningful paradigm for designing energy conversion strategies for tumor suppression.
Ethylene control in fruit quality assurance: A material science perspective
Authors: Jiang Yi , Liu Zhanpeng , Peydayesh Mohammad , Zhang Bin , Jia Xiangze , Huang Qiang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe waste of resources associated with fruit decay is rapidly spreading globally, threatening the interests of relevant practitioners and the health of consumer groups, and demanding precise solutions. Controlling fruit ripening through ethylene regulation is one of the most important strategies for providing high‐quality fruits. However, current materials for ethylene regulation still have difficulty realizing their application potential due to high manufacturing costs and performance deficiencies. In this review, the ethylene‐controlled release materials for ripening based on molecular encapsulation and the ethylene scavengers for preservation based on mechanisms such as oxidation, photodegradation, and adsorption are presented. We discuss and analyze a wide range of materials in terms of mechanism, performance, potential of applicability, and sustainability. The ethylene release behavior of encapsulating materials depends on the form in which the ethylene binds to the material as well as on environmental factors (humidity and temperature). For ethylene scavengers, there are a variety of scavenging mechanisms, but they generally require porous materials as adsorption carriers. We highlight the great opportunity of designing soft crystalline porous materials as efficient ethylene adsorbent due to their unique structural properties. We present this review, including a summary of practical characteristics and deficiencies of various materials, to establish a systematic understanding of fruit quality assurance materials applied to ethylene regulation, anticipating a promising prospect for these new materials.
Lower relapse incidence with haploidentical versus matched sibling or unrelated donor hematopoietic cell transplantation for core‐binding factor AML patients in CR2: A study from the Global Committee and the Acute Leukemia Working Party of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation
Authors: Ye Yishan , Labopin Myriam , Gérard Socié , Yakoub‐Agha Ibrahim , Blau Igor Wolfgang , Aljurf Mahmoud , Forcade Edouard , Gedde‐Dahl Tobias , Burns David , Vydra Jan , Halahleh Khalid , Hamladji Rose‐Marie , Bazarbachi Ali , Nagler Arnon , Brissot Eolia , Li Lin , Luo Yi , Zhao Yanmin , Ciceri Fabio , Huang He , Mohty Mohamad , Gorin Norbert Claude 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAllogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo‐HCT) is recommended for core‐binding factor mutated (CBF) AML patients achieving second complete remission (CR2). However, approximately 20% of patients may relapse after transplant and donor preference remains unclear. We compared in this EBMT global multicenter registry‐based analysis the allo‐HCT outcomes using either haploidentical (Haplo), matched siblings donors (MSD), or 10/10 matched unrelated donors (MUD). Data from 865 de novo adult CBF AML patients in CR2 receiving allo‐HCT in 227 EBMT centers from 2010 to 2022 were analyzed, in which 329 MSD, 374 MUD, and 162 Haplo‐HCTs were included. For the entire cohort, 503 (58%) patients were inv(16)/CBFB‐MYH11 and 362 patients (42%) were t(8;21)/RUNX1‐RUNX1T1 AML. On multivariate analysis, Haplo‐HCT was associated with a lower Relapse Incidence (RI) compared to either MSD (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.56, 95% CI 0.32–0.97; p < .05) or MUD (HR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.33–0.99, p < .05). No significant difference was observed among the 3 types of donors on LFS, OS and GRFS. CBF‐AML with t(8;21) was associated with both higher RI (HR = 1.79, 95% CI 1.3–2.47; p < .01) and higher NRM (HR = 1.58, 95% CI 1.1–2.27; p < .01) than CBF‐AML with inv(16), which led to worse LFS, OS and GRFS. To conclude, for CBF‐AML patients in CR2, Haplo‐HCTs were associated with a lower RI compared to MSD and MUD allo‐HCTs. There was no difference on LFS, OS or GRFS. CBF AML patients with inv(16) had a better progonosis than those with t(8;21) after allo‐HCT in CR2.
Genetic characterization of a captive marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) colony using genotype‐by‐sequencing
Authors: Cole Shelley A. , Lyke Martha M. , Christensen Clinton , Newman Deborah , Bagwell Alec , Galindo Samuel , Glenn Jeremy , Layne‐Colon Donna G. , Sayers Ken , Tardif Suzette , Cox Laura A. , Ross Corinna , Cheeseman Ian H. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe marmoset is a fundamental nonhuman primate model for the study of aging, neurobiology, and many other topics. Genetic management of captive marmoset colonies is complicated by frequent chimerism in the blood and other tissues, a lack of tools to enable cost‐effective, genome‐wide interrogation of variation, and historic mergers and migrations of animals between colonies. We implemented genotype‐by‐sequencing (GBS) of hair follicle derived DNA (a minimally chimeric DNA source) of 82 marmosets housed at the Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC). Our primary goals were the genetic characterization of our marmoset population for pedigree verification and colony management and to inform the scientific community of the functional genetic makeup of this valuable resource. We used the GBS data to reconstruct the genetic legacy of recent mergers between colonies, to identify genetically related animals whose relationships were previously unknown due to incomplete pedigree information, and to show that animals in the SNPRC colony appear to exhibit low levels of inbreeding. Of the >99,000 single‐nucleotide variants (SNVs) that we characterized, >9800 are located within gene regions known to harbor pathogenic variants of clinical significance in humans. Overall, we show the combination of low‐resolution (sparse) genotyping using hair follicle DNA is a powerful strategy for the genetic management of captive marmoset colonies and for identifying potential SNVs for the development of biomedical research models.
Emergency resuscitative thoracotomy in severe trauma: Analysis of the nation‐wide registry data in Japan
Authors: Okano Hiromu , Terayama Takero , Okamoto Hiroshi , Yamazaki Tsutomu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimEmergency resuscitative thoracotomy is a potentially lifesaving procedure for patients with cardiac pulmonary arrest and profound circulatory failure resulting from a severe injury. However, survival rate post‐emergency resuscitative thoracotomy shows considerable variation, with many studies constrained by limited sample sizes and ambiguous criteria for inclusion. Herein, we assessed the outcomes of emergency resuscitative thoracotomy and identified predictors of futility using Japan Trauma Data Bank data.MethodsData of patients aged ≥18 years between 2004 and 2019 were analyzed. The primary outcome measure was survival at discharge. Descriptive statistics were used to compare the survivor and nonsurvivor groups. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify predictors of survival in patients undergoing emergency resuscitative thoracotomy while adjusting for confounding factors.ResultsAmong patients who underwent emergency resuscitative thoracotomy, 684/5062 (13.5%) survived. Age <65 years (adjusted odds ratio, 1.351; 95% confidence interval, 1.130–1.615; p < 0.001), absence of cardiac pulmonary arrest on emergency department arrival (adjusted odds ratio, 1.694; 95% confidence interval, 1.280–2.243; p < 0.01), Injury Severity Score <16 (adjusted odds ratio, 2.195; 95% confidence interval, 1.611–2.992; p < 0.01), and penetrating injury (adjusted odds ratio, 1.834; 95% confidence interval, 1.384–2.431; p < 0.01) were identified as factors associated with survival at discharge.ConclusionThe survival rate for emergency resuscitative thoracotomy in Japan stands at approximately 13.5%. Factors contributing to survival include younger age, absence of cardiopulmonary arrest at emergency department arrival, lack of severe trauma, and sustaining penetrating injuries.
Recent Advancements in Ascribing Several Platinum Free Electrocatalysts Pertinent to Hydrogen Evolution from Water Reduction
Authors: Islam Fahamidul , Ahsan Mohebul , Islam Nurnobi , Hossain Mohammad Imran , Bahadur Newaz Mohammed , Aziz Abdul , Al‐Humaidi Jehan Y. , Rahman Mohammed M. , Maiyalagan T. , Hasnat Mohammad A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe advancement of a sustainable and scalable catalyst for hydrogen production is crucial for the future of the hydrogen economy. Electrochemical water splitting stands out as a promising pathway for sustainable hydrogen production. However, the development of Pt‐free electrocatalysts that match the energy efficiency of Pt while remaining economical poses a significant challenge. This review addresses this challenge by highlighting latest breakthroughs in Pt‐free catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Specifically, we delve into the catalytic performance of various transition metal phosphides, metal carbides, metal sulphides, and metal nitrides toward HER. Our discussion emphasizes strategies for enhancing catalytic performance and explores the relationship between structural composition and the performance of different electrocatalysts. Through this comprehensive review, we aim to provide insights into the ongoing efforts to overcome barriers to scalable hydrogen production and pave the way for a sustainable hydrogen economy.
Infection‐responsive polysaccharide‐based drug‐loaded nano‐assembly for dual‐modal treatment against drug‐resistant bacterial lung infection
Authors: Han Lin , Yuan Zhonghua , Ren Hui‐Min , Song Weizhuo , Wu Ruonan , Li Jie , Guo Zhaoyan , Yu Bingran , Duan Shun , Xu Fu‐Jian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe escalating issue of lung infections induced by multi‐drug resistant (MDR) bacteria is threatening human health. Thus, the development of efficient drug delivery systems is essential to eliminate MDR bacterial lung infections effectively. Herein, we designed inhalable drug‐loaded nano‐assemblies by the electrostatic interaction between negatively charged sodium alginate and a positively charged antibacterial polymer, quaternized polyethyleneimine (QPEI‐C6), as well as a kind of typical antibiotic for therapy of lung infection, azithromycin (AZT). By adjusting the feed ratios, we optimized the size of the nano‐assembly to approximately 200 nm (STQ12), which was beneficial for penetration through the mucus layer and biofilm. In the slightly acidic environment of the infected site, the nano‐assembly could dissemble responsively and release AZT and QPEI‐C6. Because of the combined bactericidal effect, STQ12 exhibited high bactericidal efficiency against MDR bacteria. In animal experiments, STQ12 showed notable efficacy against MDR bacterial lung infection. Gene transcriptomic results showed that the main effects of STQ12 against bacteria were through influencing the bacterial cell components and metabolic processes, and affecting their growth and reproduction. This work provides a promising strategy to treat MDR bacterium‐induced lower respiratory tract infections.
Capturing the cervical spine shape: Angular measurements versus geometric morphometric methods
Authors: Kedar Einat , Ezra David , Pelleg‐Kallevag Ruth , Stein Dan , Peled Nathan , May Hila , Hershkovitz Israel 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe cervical spine manifests a wide shape variation. However, the traditional methods to evaluate the cervical spine curve were never tested against its actual shape. The study's main aim was to determine whether the shape classification of the cervical spine, based on traditional angular measurements, coincides with each other and with the shape captured by the 2D landmark‐based geometric morphometric method. The study's second aim was to reveal the associations between the cervical spine shape and the demographic parameters, the head's position, and the spine's sagittal balance. CT scans of the cervical spine of 163 individuals were evaluated to achieve these goals. The shape was assessed by measuring the C2–C7 Cobb angle (CA), the C2–C7 posterior tangent angle (PTA), the curvedness of the arch, and by a 2D landmark‐based geometric morphometric method. The position of the head and the sagittal balance of the spine were evaluated by measuring the foramen magnum‐C2 Cobb angle (FMCA) and the T1 slope angle (T1SA), respectively. Based on the size of the angle measured, each individual was classified into one of the three cervical ‘shape groups’ (lordotic, straight, and kyphotic). We found that cervical lordosis was the dominant shape regardless of the measuring methods utilized (46.6%–54.6%), followed by straight neck (28.2%–30.1%), and kyphosis (15.3%–25.2%); however, about a third of the 163 individuals were classified into a different shape group using the CA and PTA methods. The cervical spine angle was sex‐independent and age‐dependent. The T1SA was significantly correlated with CA and PTA (r = 0.640 and r = 0.585, respectively; p < 0.001). In conclusion, the cervical spine shape evaluation is method‐dependent and varies with age.
Atrial tachycardia ablation through the sub‐pulmonary ventricle in a patient with multiple malformations associated with congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries and double‐sided slow‐pathway
Authors: Preda Alberto , Testoni Alessio , Baroni Matteo , Mazzone Patrizio , Gigli Lorenzo 
Published: April 2024

Key Clinical MessageA 46‐year‐old woman with congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries (ccTGA) associated with dextrocardia, situs viscerus inversus, and left superior vena cava persistence presented with an incessant supraventricular tachycardia. Electrophysiological study was not conclusive in differential diagnosis of atrial tachycardia versus atypical atrioventricular (AV) nodal reentrant tachycardia, also due to the unconventional anatomy of the coronary sinus. By a comprehensive mapping of cardiac chambers, a double side slow‐pathway was localized in both atrial chambers and subsequently ablated by radiofrequency delivery without tachycardia changes. Aortic root and cusps were devoid of electrical activity. The muscular part of the sub‐pulmonary ventricle at the level of interatrial septum showed an earliest activation signal of −90 ms and ablation of this site was effective in abolish the tachycardia. This is the first case to report technical concerns of septal atrial tachycardia ablation in ccTGA associated with multiple anatomical malformations. Moreover, some peculiarities have been reported for the first time including the presence of double‐side AV nodal slow‐pathway and atypical localization of the tachycardia origin into the muscular part of the sub‐pulmonary ventricle instead of posterior pulmonary cusp.
Hybrid surgical approach excision of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST): A case report of GIST at an unusual location and review of the literature
Authors: Khaled Islam , Hafez Mousa Ahmed , Yasir Nukaly Houriah , Mohammed Zubair Mohammed Talha , Alsharif Mohammad Hassan , Abujamai Jakleen Ziyad , Ahmed Ruqayyah Ali , Alklani Temaa , Ennab Farah 
Published: April 2024

Key Clinical MessageGastrointestinal stromal tumors are the most common malignant subepithelial lesions involving the gastrointestinal tract. Surgical techniques have been the mainstay of treatment, however, in recent times hybrid surgeries are being introduced yielding better clinical outcomes.