bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prise de conscience de l'unité européenne dans la Résistance polonaise et française
Authors: Wyrwa Tadeusz 
Published: July 2011

Poczucie świadomości europejskiej wspólnoty w polskim i francuskim Ruchu Oporu

Treścią tego artykułu jest przedstawienie charakterystycznych cech Ruchu Oporu zarówno narodowego jak i europejskiego, wzajemnie się przenikających, oraz ich dziedzictwa, jakie zostawili po sobie dla przyszłych pokoleń. Cel ich walki nie ograniczał się odzyskania niepodległości. Jednocześnie bowiem pragnęli przyczynić się do powojennej reorganizacji porządku międzynarodowego, to znaczy utworzenia unii europejskiej, opartej na wspólnej więzi, jaka zjednoczyła ludzi w walce podczas drugiej wojny światowej.
Na łamach konspiracyjnej prasy były wyłożone i dyskutowane idee Uniii europejskiej, jaką wyobrażano sobie, że powstanie po wojnie. W prasie polskiej i francuskiej widoczna była zbieżność co do imperatywnej potrzeby zbudowania Europy na nowej bazie. Twierdzono i słusznie, że zadanie o takim zasięgu może być osiągnięte jedynie wtedy, gdy zostanie podjęte z taką samą pasją, z jaką idee te były lansowane przez Ruch Oporu. Projekty nie były sprecyzowane, ale chodziło przecież o idee, które po wojnie winny być wcielane w czyn.
Niemniej jednak czym bliższy był koniec wojny tym bardziej realizacja tych idei była zaniechana. W efekcie tego działacze Ruchu Oporu nie stali się budowniczymi nowej Europy, ale dzięki propagowanym ideom zajmują poczesne miejsce wśród prekursorów zjednoczenia naszego kontynentu.
L'apport de témoignages à l'histoire de la Résistance polonaise en France : F2 et POWN
Authors: Ponty Janine 
Published: July 2011

The Contribution of Testimonies to the History of the Polish Resistance in France : F2 and POWN

Oral testimony is one of the sources used by the XXth century historian, who compares it with other sources, in particular written accounts. In fact, like other oral sources (such as interviews and commemorative speeches), the testimony of survivors is of particular importance in view of the limited amount of released and preserved records on activities which are clandestine and secret by definition.
Two spontaneous accounts, elaborated and disclosed in 1995, were given by an ex- member of the Polish Organisation of Struggle for Independence (POWN), and by a Polish woman, a member of the F2 network, both now deceased. Presented under the form of a summary, these accounts, add a meaningful contribution to the history of the Polish resistance in France.
Du diable vauvert russe et de ses trois neuf terres d'origine
Authors: Imart Guy 
Published: July 2011

On the Russian Fag End of the World and Its Three-Nine Native Lands

The enigmatic Russian (and Baltic) tridevjať remains until now much of a mystery.
It can be found in Eastern Slavic texts as early as the beginning of the 14th century. Most of the authors link it to another 'abnormaľ form: devjanosto and conclude that there probably existed 'an ancient reckoning system on base nine'.
However, since nothing can give evidence of it in Indo-European languages, this tridevjat looks much like a loan, or a calque. Turkic toguz (9) could, at first sight, be considered a plausible matrix for it but ultimately proves to be a mere specifier. More convincingly Nenetz - a language in which 9 is 'native ju''' and has been later replaced by 'Russian ju"' meaning 10 - could yield the clue to the enigma, suggesting that the Novgo- rodian uškujniki were those who introduced this expression further South.
Be it as it may. But this isolated numeral, strictly limited to a few idiomatic set expressions, does most probably not imply the existence of a fully fledged reckoning system on base 9.
The emphasis laid on the penultimate numbers of the two series (units and tens) rather suggests, as far as the signifier is concerned, that in civilizations with no writing system, these numbers may have played the role of an acoustic signal (warning about the near end of a series), much similar to the visual signal played by zero in civilizations based on writing.
On the whole - primitive, mnemonic counting tradition in use among tradesmen, based on 'sets' and 'wholes' rather than on isolated, listed units - but a system in which, as far as the signified is concerned, the ultimate unit - making ten - remains included into the series and completes it.
Les archétypes des cultures archaïques dans l'esthétique de l'avant-garde russe
Authors: Baïdine Valéry 
Published: July 2011

Архетипы первобытных культур в эстетике русского авангарда

Анализ важнейших «креативных моделей» русского авангарда показывает, что они во многом основанны на архетипах примитивных культур, в частности, сибирского шаманства. Статья обращает внимание на совпадение многих культурных кодов архаики и модернизма (феномен, впервые получивший научную трактовку в «глубинной психологии» К. -Г. Юнга). Понятие «эстетический архетип» предполагает выявление ряда внеисторических «констант» художественного творчества. Их изучение позволяет объяснить существование как различных архаических черт в русском авангарде так и некоторых элементов архаических культур, которые можно было бы назвать «протоавангардист- скими».
В статье исследуются «архетипы творчества», наиболее активноиспользо- вавшиеся в художественной практике русского авангарда: шаманский экстаз и «птичий (заумный) язык», приемы чередования или совмещения магических и игровых элементов, карнавальный смех, эстетика шока и страха. В ней исследуются архаические корни авангардистской мифологии радикального «обновления мира» и связанной с нею идеи «созидания через разрушение». Авангард интуитивно использовал древнейшие «модели» художественного творчества, всплывшие на поверхность русской культуры из ее глубинных слоев в эпоху кризиса первых десятилетий XX века. Выдвигается предположение, что важнейшие эстетические архетипы авангарда восходят к изначальному-мифо- ритуальному комплексу архаического Нового года.
Les proverbes russes : statut et étude
Authors: Tarlanov Zamir Kurbanovich 
Published: July 2011

Русские пословицы: статус и изучение

В статье определяется сущность и статус пословицы как самобытного феномена словесной культуры: ее принципиальные, важнейшие семантические, темпоральные, структурные и др. параметры в сравнении с единицами обычной речи и авторскими афоризмами.
Рассматривается характер и диапазон изменения ее формы и содержания.
Очерчиваются границы, разделяющие пословицы и квазипословичные формулы (поговорки, авторские афоризмы), как и то, что их объединяет.
Обозначены основные этапы собирания русских пословиц и этапы становления русской паремиологии в качестве отдельной отрасли филологического знания.
La vie du proverbe russe dans une mégapole contemporaine
Authors: Blagova Galina 
Published: July 2011

Жизнь русской пословицы в условиях мегаполиса

Результаты опросного эксперимента, проведенного среди студентов различных вузов Москвы, и их анализ позволяют говорить, что информанты активно владеют не наборами отдельных пословиц, но русской пословицей в ее системном бытовании - личными пословичными фондами (ЛПФ). Самую большую часть любого из ЛПФ составляют общеупотребительные пословицы (их употребляют все информанты или большинство от 6 до 3 чел.). Специфику, которой различаются ЛПФ информантов, в сумме составляют 102 пословицы с неодинаковым разбросом по ЛПФ.
В повседневном речевом обиходе молодежи пословица продолжает свое развитие не только в многочисленных вариантах, но и в производстве новых пословиц по существующим моделям (приводятся прежде не фиксировавшиеся новые молодежные пословицы, а также варианты пословиц с корректными и некорректными заменами компонентов, в последнем случае это ведет к так называемой порче пословицы).
Le courbe et le droit chez Mandel´štam
Authors: Weinstein Marc 
Published: July 2011

Кривое и прямое у Манделштама

В настоящей статье делается попытка показать, что противопоставление кривое/прямое пронизывает всю поэзию и всю критическую прозу Мандельштама. Поскольку космос – источник шепота, который поэт-посредник только усиливает, и поскольку поэзия в свою очередь является говорением мира, эти обе сферы – мироздание и поэзия – бесконечно отсылают друг к другу и тем связываются круговой структурой. Поэтому кривизна является их общей основной чертой. Мотивы кривизны в творчестве Мандельштама бесчисленны: радуга, губы, волна, кривая улыбка, улитка, и т.д. Они передаются кривым словом, т.е. словом, которое не обозначает прямо никакого объекта, но отсылает одновременно к тысяче предметов мира, в свою очередь следующих круговой структуре, отсылая к тысяче мотивов языковой сферы, в свою очередь отсылающих к тысяче предметов мира. Таким образом, отсутствие прямо обозначенного предмета является необходимым условием кривизны поэтического слова, а отсюда вытекает, что небытие и смерть условие творческого бытия.
Мотив подковы, проходящий через всю поэзию Мандельштама, является главным символом этой диалектики: пустота между ее двумя концами обусловливает полноту поэтической дуги.
The First Ig Domain of KIR3DL1 Contacts MHC Class I at a Secondary Site
Authors: Fu Li , Hazes Bart , Burshtyn Deborah N. 
Published: July 2011

Abstract
KIR3DL1 is a highly polymorphic inhibitory killer cell Ig-like receptor (KIR) implicated in resistance to viral diseases such as AIDS. KIR3DL1 contains three Ig domains and is specific for MHC class I (MHC-I) molecules belonging to the HLA-Bw4 serogroup. The receptor’s second and third Ig domains confer the Bw4 specificity, but the role of the first Ig domain (D0) in ligand recognition has remained enigmatic. We found that KIR3DL1 expressed in YTS cells and as a soluble receptor can weakly recognize additional MHC-I molecules including HLA-B*0702 and HLA-G. This interaction is highly sensitive to blocking with Abs to the MHC-I α3-domain and the anti-KIR3DL1 Ab Z27, but not the canonical blocking Ab DX9. Using chimeric receptors between KIR3DL1 and KIR2DL1 expressed on YTS cells and as soluble Fc-fusion proteins, we show that the D0 domain confers the broad functional recognition and binding as well as the reactivity with Z27. These results suggest that the presence of a second and independent site of interaction between D0 and MHC-I and that MHC-I could bridge KIR3DL1 molecules together in a manner that facilitates signaling.
Determinism and Liability in Complication of Prostate Biopsy
Authors: Boscolo-Berto Rafael , Viel Guido , Iafrate Massimo , Raduazzo Daniela I. , Cecchetto Giovanni , Zattoni Filiberto 
Published: July 2011

We report the case of a 53-year-old man suffering from the contemporary onset of penile Mondor's disease and high-flow priapism 10 days after a transrectal prostate biopsy We analyzed whether these pathological conditions were causally related to the biopsy, and the role of urologist regarding the onset of one or both the diseases. Critically evaluating the clinical picture and the procedure used for the biopsy, we were able to recognize a connection between the office procedure and the onset of the high-flow priapism, otherwise than for penile Mondor's disease. Our report is of value for urologists, making them aware of such possible complications, and for forensic experts that might have to deal with similar cases, as it demonstrates only a partial involvement of urologist in this clinical setting.
Enhancing Community Disaster Resilience Through Mass Sporting Events
Authors: McCarthy Danielle M. , Chiampas George T. , Malik Sanjeev , Cole Kendra , Lindeman Patricia , Adams James G. 
Published: July 2011

ABSTRACTDisaster response requires rapid, complex action by multiple agencies that may rarely interact during nondisaster periods. Failures in communication and coordination between agencies have been pitfalls in the advancement of disaster preparedness. Recommendations of the Federal Emergency Management Agency address these needs and demonstrate commitment to successful disaster management, but they are challenging for communities to ensure. In this article we describe the application of Federal Emergency Management Agency guidelines to the 2008 and 2009 Chicago Marathon and discuss the details of our implementation strategy with a focus on optimizing communication. We believe that it is possible to enhance community disaster preparedness through practical application during mass sporting events.(Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2011;5:310–315)
Temporospatial quantification of fluorescein‐labeled sinonasal irrigation delivery
Authors: Bleier Benjamin S. , Debnath Indranil , Harvey Richard J. , Schlosser Rodney J. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBackground:Treatment of sinonasal disease is predicated on the delivery and retention of the agent at the desired location. Despite multiple distribution studies, there remains a need for a method capable quantifying not only the site and amount of agent deposition but the rate of clearance as well.Methods:Five patients underwent endoscopic image capture of 3 subsites over 15 minutes following fluorescein‐dyed irrigation using a squeeze bottle, nasal saline spray, or nasal gel spray. Area and intensity staining were quantified using a graphics editing program. Total intensity scores were compared using a Student t test.Results:The squeeze bottle was the only method demonstrating delivery to the oropharynx (37 ± 22 mm2). The nasal gel resulted in the greatest coverage of the middle turbinate region (10 ± 15 mm2) while the nasal saline spray (75 ± 31 mm2) resulted in the greatest inferior turbinate coverage. No significant differences in clearance rates were found between delivery methods at any subsite.Conclusion:This method is capable of quantifying both the area and intensity of fluorescein deposition using a variety of delivery methods. While small variations in subsite coverage were noted, all methods resulted in significant internal valve deposition. Despite differences in delivery volume and viscosity, all methods resulted in similar rates of fluorescein clearance. © 2011 ARS‐AAOA, LLC.
Multifunktionelle Poly(ethylenglycole)
Authors: Obermeier Boris , Wurm Frederik , Mangold Christine , Frey Holger 
Published: July 2011

AbstractMaßgeschneiderte makromolekulare Strukturen stellen auf dem sich stetig entwickelnden Feld der Polymertherapeutika die Schlüsselkomponente dar, um das Potential bioaktiver Konjugate auszuschöpfen. Die jüngsten Entwicklungen auf dem Gebiet der Wirkstoffkonjugate zur Krebsbehandlung zeigen, dass multifunktionelle Polymere als Wirkstoffträger immer bedeutender werden. Die Anwendung des vermeintlich am besten geeigneten Polymers, Poly(ethylenglycol) (PEG), ist hier jedoch durch die limitierte Zahl funktioneller Gruppen eingeschränkt. Als Resultat ziehen multifunktionelle Copolymere basierend auf Ethylenoxid (EO) und einem entsprechenden Epoxid als Comonomer (mf‐PEGs) zunehmend Aufmerksamkeit auf sich. Wohldefiniert dargestellt durch lebende anionische Polymerisation in Kombination mit modernen Charakterisierungsmethoden – beispielsweise Messungen der Polymerisationskinetik über 1H‐NMR‐Spektroskopie in Echtzeit –, repräsentiert diese aufkommende Klasse an Polymeren eine leistungsstarke Plattform zur Synthese von Bio‐ und Wirkstoffkonjugaten.
Synthesis and characterization of carboxymethyl cellulose powder and films from Mimosa pigra
Authors: Rachtanapun Pornchai , Rattanapanone Nithiya 
Published: July 2011

AbstractMimosa pigra peel was sun‐dried for 2 days and then ground before being boiled with 30%w/v sodium hydroxide (NaOH) at 100°C for 3 h, washed and then dried at 55°C to constant weight. The cellulose was then synthesized using different NaOH concentrations and monochloroacetic acid (MCA) in isopropyl alcohol (IPA). Effects of various NaOH concentrations on degree of substitution (DS), viscosity and thermal of carboxymethyl cellulose from Mimosa pigra peel (CMCm) were investigated. The increasing of NaOH concentration resulted in increasing DS and viscosity. However, viscosity of CMCm decreased as temperature increased. Thermal properties were studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The melting point of the samples decreased as %NaOH increased. The effects of various NaOH concentrations in CMCm synthesis on the mechanical properties and water vapor permeability (WVP) of the CMCm films were investigated as well. With increasing NaOH concentrations (30–50%) were also found to result in improved mechanical properties. However, when the level of NaOH concentration was 60%, the mechanical properties of the CMC films decreased. This result indicates that the highest mechanical properties were found for 50% NaOH‐synthesized CMCm films. The WVP of the CMCm films increased as %NaOH increased. In addition, the CMCm films were tested to determine the effect of glycerol as a plasticizer on the mechanical properties. Increasing the amount of glycerol showed an increase in elongation at break but also led to a decrease in tensile strength. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Electron beam (EB) radiation curing—a unique technique to introduce mixed crosslinks in cured rubber matrix to improve quality and productivity
Authors: Chakraborty Sunity K. , Sabharwal Sunil , Das Pradip K. , Sarma Krupa S. S. , Manjula A. K. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractEffect of electron beam (EB) pretreatment on tire components has been investigated. The technique proved to be incredibly useful for reducing curing time of thick rubber products in the press and enhancing or retaining the properties required by a tire. This unique technique can be use to incorporate mixed crosslink in rubber products. Investigations were performed both on experimental compounds and industrial compounds. Experimental compound study was limited to development of theoretical data, effect of particular ingredients on EB radiation curing, and evaluating optimum dose required for obtaining optimum properties and reduction in cure time. The same sequence of study was followed on the compounds of tire components obtained from a reputed tire manufacturer. Components of tire such as inner liner and tread were irradiated with optimum doses selected in line with the study conducted on the experimental and industrial compounds. These components were then used to build the green tire. Properties of compound and tire as a whole were checked and are reported in detail in the article. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Synthesis and thermal decomposition of poly(dodecamethylene terephthalamide)
Authors: Liu Minying , Li Kaifeng , Yang Shaohui , Fu Peng , Wang Yudong , Zhao Qingxiang 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA kind of semiaromatic polyamide, poly(dodecamethylene terephthalamide) (PA12T) was synthesized via a polycondensation reaction of terephthalic acid and 1,12‐dodecanediamine. The structure of prepared PA12T was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H‐NMR), and elemental analysis. The mechanical properties of PA12T were also studied. The thermal behavior of PA12T was determined by differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and dynamic mechanical analysis. Pyrolysis products and thermal decomposition mechanism of PA12T were analyzed by pyrolysis‐gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py‐GC/MS). Melting temperature (Tm), glass transition temperature (Tg), and decomposition temperature (Td) of PA12T are 310°C, 144°C, and 429°C, respectively. The Py‐GC/MS results showed that the pyrolysis products were mainly composed of 32 kinds of compounds, such as benzonitrile, 1,4‐benzenedicarbonitrile, N‐methylbenzamide, N‐hexylbenzamide, and aromatic compounds. The major pyrolysis mechanisms were β‐CH hydrogen transfer process, main‐chain random scission, and hydrolytic decomposition. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011.
Thermal, thermo‐mechanical, and dynamic mechanical properties of polypropylene/cycloolefin copolymer blends
Authors: Fambri Luca , Kolarik Jan , Pegoretti Alessandro , Penati Amabile 
Published: July 2011

AbstractInteraction of the components and physical properties of the polypropylene (PP)/cycloolefin copolymer (COC) blends were studied by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), Vicat softening temperature (VST), and measurements of the coefficient of linear thermal expansion (CLTE) and of the density. The attention was focused on the blends with 90–60% of PP by wt, where the COC minority component was present in the form of short fibers. DSC, DMTA, and density measurements concurrently prove the immiscibility of PP and COC. DSC measurements reveal that crystallinity and melting temperature of the PP component slightly decrease with the fraction of COC in blends, in the range of 56–47% and 164–161°C, respectively. Storage modulus and loss modulus of the blends are in a good accord with the model predictions based on (i) the equivalent box model (EBM) and on (ii) modified equations of the percolation theory. The dependence of the VST on the blend composition is in a good correlation with the previous morphological analysis. Measurements of the coefficient of thermal expansion provide useful data as the functions of temperature and blend composition. Density of the blends was found to obey the volume additivity. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011.
Binding of Organic Dyes with Human Serum Albumin: A Single‐Molecule Study
Authors: Das Dibyendu Kumar , Mondal Tridib , Mandal Amit Kumar , Bhattacharyya Kankan 
Published: July 2011

AbstractKinetics of binding of dyes at different sites of human serum albumin (HSA) has been studied by single‐molecule spectroscopy. The protein was immobilized on a glass surface. To probe different binding sites (hydrophobic and hydrophilic) two dyes, coumarin 153 (C153, neutral) and rhodamine 6G (R6G, cationic) were chosen. For both the dyes, a major (ca. 96‐98 %) and minor (ca. 3 %) binding site were detected. Rate constants of association and dissociation were simultaneously determined from directly measuring fluctuations in fluorescence intensity (τoff and τon) and from this the equilibrium (binding) constants were calculated. Fluorescence lifetimes at individual sites were obtained from burst‐integrated lifetime analysis. Distributions of lifetime histograms for both the probes (C153 and R6G) exhibit two maxima, which indicates the presence of two binding domains in the protein. Unfolding of the protein has been studied by adding guanidinium hydrochloride (GdnHCl) to the solution. It is observed that addition of GdnHCl affects the dissociation and association kinetics and hence, binding equilibrium of the association of C153. However, the effect of binding of R6G is not affected much. It is proposed that GdnHCl affects the hydrophobic binding sites more than the hydrophilic site.
Relaxation of protostellar accretion shocks using the smoothed particle hydrodynamics
Authors: Nejad‐Asghar M. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractIt is believed that protostellar accretion disks are formed from nearly ballistic infall of molecular matter in rotating core collapse. Collisions of this infalling matter leads to formation of strong supersonic shocks, which if they cool rapidly, result in accumulation of that material in a thin structure in the equatorial plane. Here, we investigate the relaxation time of the protostellar accretion post‐shock gas using the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH). For this purpose, a one‐dimensional head‐on collision of two molecular sheets is considered, and the time evolution of the temperature and density of the post‐shock region simulated. The results show that in strong supersonic shocks, the temperature of the post‐shock gas quickly increases proportional to square of the Mach number, and then gradually decreases according to the cooling processes. Using a suitable cooling function shows that in appropriate time‐scale, the center of the collision, which is at the equatorial plane of the core, is converted to a thin dense molecular disk, together with atomic and ionized gases around it. This structure for accretion disks may justify the suitable conditions for grain growth and formation of proto‐planetary entities (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)