bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
2004 Barbara Stoler Miller Conference
Authors: Shah Purnima 
Published: May 2010

Barnard College, Columbia University, hosted the 2004 Barbara Stoler Miller Conference in New York City, February 20–22, 2004. Called “Contesting Pasts, Performing Futures: Nationalism, Globalization, and the performing arts in Modern South Asia,” the conference recognized the growing scholarship in the field of South Asian performing arts. Since “performing arts” as a scholastic field of inquiry arrests little attention within the complex enormity of Asian Studies conferences, and diminishingly so, South Asian performing arts occupy just as little space within performing arts conferences (Association for Theater in Higher Education, Society for Ethnomusicology, American Anthropological Association, Society of Dance History Scholars, Congress on Research in Dance, and others), the 2004 Barbara Stoler Miller Conference certainly provided one of the few opportunities open to South Asian performance artists and scholars to discuss their most contemporary research works, to demonstrate and perform, and to get to know each other.Barbara Stoler Miller, a Milbank Professor at Barnard, was a distinguished Sanskritist with strong interests in art history. She died of cancer at age fifty-two in April 1993. Among the corpus of the Sanskrit literature translations she published is Love Song of the Dark Lord: Jayadeva's Gitagovinda (Columbia 1977), a text that has been for centuries close to the hearts of many Indian dancers, and another edited by her, Theatre of Memory: The Plays of Kalidasa (Columbia 1984), presented a topic that has earned significant popularity in Euro-American academia.
Seed morphology of the tribe Hyoscyameae (Solanaceae)
Authors: Zhang Zhi-Yun , Yang Dong-Zhi , Lu An-Ming , Knapp Sandra 
Published: May 2010

AbstractSeed morphology of 22 species, representing all seven genera of the tribe Hyoscyameae (Anisodus Link, Archihyoscyamus A. M. Lu, Atropanthe Pascher, Hyoscyamus L., Physochlaina G. Don, Przewalskia Maxim. and Scopolia Jacq.) and two putatively related genera in Solanaceae (Atropa L. and Mandragora L.) was investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in order to evaluate this character for use in systematic analysis. Considerable differences exist in the seed coat morphology both among and within genera in the tribe. The results indicate that the seed coat sculpture of the seeds is irregularly striate­reticulate or cerebelloid in Anisodus and reticulate in all the remaining genera and species. Two types of testal cells can be identified based on their general overall shape and linearity of the anticlinal walls. In one type, the cell shape is isodiametric and varies from polygonal to suborbicular, with the anticlinal wall being nearly straight; in the other type, the cell is irregular in shape, usually not isodiametric, with the anticlinal wall variously sinuate. Fibrils, common in other Solanaceae, are found only in Mandragora. Fine ornamentation of the anticlinal walls of the testal cells varies from smooth to covered with granular, laminar or tuberculate projections. Size and shape of the seeds, and the position of the hilum, appear to be of little systematic significance, but testal cell shape and lateral wall ornamentation are potentially of importance in the taxonomy and phylogeny of the tribe Hyoscyameae. Some of the currently circumscribed genera of the tribe appear not to be monophyletic, but taxonomic decisions must be made with a full suite of morphological, molecular and other data.
Gomphocalyx and Phylohydrax (Rubiaceae): sister taxa excluded from Spermacoceae s.s., featuring a remarkable case of convergent evolution
Authors: Dessein Steven , Andersson Lennart , Geuten Koen , Smets Erik , Robbrecht Elmar 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe genera Gomphocalyx and Phylohydrax (Rubiaceae) have been invariably placed in the tribe Spermacoceae s.s. based on the uni­ovulate ovary locules and pluri­aperturate pollen grains. Sequence data from the rps 16 intron and the rbcL gene here presented exclude Gomphocalyx and Phylohydrax from Spermacoceae s.s. The two genera are closely related and their nearest relatives are found among members of the former tribe Hedyotideae. This position may be surprising at first, because the growth form of Phylohydrax is similar to some observed in Spermacoceae s.s. A detailed survey of morphological and anatomical characters shows, however, that the character states of the two genera are largely consistent with the here­proposed position in Hedyotideae. The creeping growth form, the uni­ovulate ovaries and the pluri­colporate pollen grains of Gomphocalyx and Phylohydrax are the result of convergence between this pair of genera and Spermacoceae s.s. The taxonomic position of Lathraeocarpa, sometimes considered closely related to Gomphocalyx, is also discussed.
Herbarium records, actual distribution, and critical attributes of invasive plants: genus Crotalaria in Taiwan
Authors: Wu Shan-Huah , Rejmánek Marcel , Grotkopp Eva , Ditomaso Joseph M. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractHerbarium records have been widely used in biogeographical and ecological studies for decades. To test the adequacy of using herbarium records, we used residuals, calculated from the regression of the number of herbarium records on minimum residence time of Crotalaria species naturalized in Taiwan, as a predictor of species actual frequency and invasiveness. Number of positive localities (localities where a particular species is present), net infested area, maximum cover, as well as reproductive traits, were estimated for five exotic Crotalaria species with a similar minimum residence time. The tight correlation between residuals and the number of positive localities, as well as with maximum cover, confirms that herbarium records accurately reflect some aspects of the invasion success of the studied species. However, residuals were not a significant predictor of net infested area. Strong correlations between residuals and reproductive traits contributing to species fitness, including log(seeds/plant), flowers/inflorescence, inflorescences/plant, and flowers/plant supported the use of herbarium records in representing field distributions and invasiveness.
Vaillant onCompositae—systematic concepts and nomenclatural impact
Authors: Greuter Werner , Aghababian Mariam , Wagenitz Gerhard 
Published: May 2010

AbstractVaillant’s pioneer work onCompositaesystematics has been generally dismissed as unimportant for nomenclatural purposes, being pre­Linnaean. However, a German translation of it was published in 1754, about one year after the starting­point date of botanical nomenclature. In order to assess its possible impact on generic nomenclature, a thorough analysis of Vaillant’s concepts, particularly at the level of genus and species, is presented here. Vaillant subdivided theCompositaeinto three “classes”, essentially equivalent toCardueae,Cichorieaeand the remaining tribes, and further into “sections” (14), genera (107) and species (1144). By the study of literature and, to a minor extent, herbaria, 852 of the species (>74 %) have been identified, and the identifications are listed in an Appendix. The definition and nomenclatural status of all genera has been verified and their names typified, whereby Vaillant’s views and their impact on earlyCompositaesystematics are clarified. In practical terms, the positive and negative effects of the nomenclatural restoration of Vaillant’s names are balanced. It is not advisable to blacklist the work as a whole, because its negative effects can be taken care of effectively by just six conservation/rejection proposals (made separately). Among the positive aspects are availability of a suitable name (Rhaponticoides) for a genus that had become nameless (due to conservation ofCentaureaL. with a new type); resurrection ofRhaponticumto settle a long lasting and unresolved nomenclatural controversy; and redemption of the otherwise illegitimate but widely used nameVolutaria. As an aside, four of the names considered to be correct for Vaillant’s taxa, which did not so far exist in the appropriate combination, are validated (in the generaCullumia,Hymenolepis,SymphyotrichumandTanacetum).
Polyphyly of the genusMicromeria(Lamiaceae) — evidence from cpDNA sequence data
Authors: Bräuchler Christian , Meimberg Harald , Abele Tilman , Heubl Günther 
Published: May 2010

AbstractMicromeriaBenth. (Lamiaceae, Nepetoideae) is a very common genus in the Mediterranean region. To test the monophyly of the genus and to elucidate its phylogenetic placement within subtribe Menthinae (Dumort) Endl. of tribe Mentheae Dumort we performed parsimony analysis oftrnKintron sequence data of 51 accessions representing 15 genera of Nepetoideae and two genera of subfamily Ajugoideae. Tree topology reveals a well‐supported “core group” indicating four distinct lineages. The first one comprises three species ofSaturejaL. s.str., the second one includes taxa of the genusClinopodiumL. from both the Old and the New World, paraphyletic with respect toMonardaL. and two species ofMicromeriasectionPseudomelissaBenth. A third group contains all samples of the remainingMicromeriaspecies. Within this monophyly, a western lineage including taxa from NW Africa, the Balearic, and the Canary Islands, is sister to an eastern lineage with species distributed from SE Asia to the western Mediterranean. In a further clade the generaThymbraL.,ThymusL., andOriganumL. are grouped together. Combined analysis using a reduced dataset oftrnK/trnL‐Fsequences increased support for the infrageneric resolution withinMicromeria. Based on the phylogenetic reconstructions there is evidence that the genus as currently circumscribed is polyphyletic. Results are discussed in the context of morphology, karyology, and biogeography, outlining the necessity of removing sectionPseudomelissafromMicromeria.
Nardophyllum cabrerae (Asteraceae: Astereae), a new species from Argentina and new taxonomic changes involving Nardophyllum Hook. et Arn.
Authors: Bonifacino José M. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractNardophyllum cabrerae (Asteraceae: Astereae), a new species from western Argentina is described. The new species differs from its closest relative, Nardophyllum lanatum (Meyen) Cabrera, in its non‐revolute margins, white corollas, and pappus of unequal scabrid bristles. Two names, Nardophyllum obtusifolium Hook. et Arn. and N. bracteolatum Hauman, were shown not to represent distinct species and accordingly placed in the synonymy of Nardophyllum bryoides (Lam.) Cabrera and Nardophyllum chiliotrichioides (J. Rémy in Gay) A. Gray, respectively.
Karyotype analysis in several South American species of Solanum and Lycianthes rantonnei (Solanaceae)
Authors: Acosta M. Cristina , Bernardello Gabriel , Guerra Marcelo , Moscone Eduardo A. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractSomatic chromosomes of 17 species belonging to 4 subgenera and 7 sections of Solanum and Lycianthes rantonnei are studied. All taxa have 2n = 24. The chromosome numbers of S. tripartitum, S. tenuispinum, and S. vaillantii are reported for the first time, and the karyotype analysis of L. rantonnei is the first one for the genus. Morphometric chromosome analyses bring estimates of karyotype composition and asymmetry. In general, karyotypes are symmetrical with the chromosomes smaller than 4 μm long, being metacentric (69%), submetacentric (24%), or more rarely subtelocentric (7%). Solanum tucumanense, S. palinacanthum, and Solanum sp. (Acanthophora) are unique by having mostly sm and st chromosomes. All species have nucleolar organizing regions and attached satellites of variable size on short arms of one chromosome pair, usually sm or st. All species can be cytologically distinguished. Karyotype data do not allow separation of L. rantonnei from species of Solanum. Results support the validity of S. tucumanense with respect to S. pseudocapsicum. Using chromosome data exclusively, cluster analysis in 10 species from Solanum subgen. Leptostemonum reinforce the systematic arrangement of taxa in subsections based on morphological features. Because of its increased karyotype asymmetry, section Acanthophora appears to be an advanced taxon within subgen. Leptostemonum.
Hanskerpiagen. nov. and phylogenetic relationships among the most ancient conifers (Voltziales)
Authors: Rothwell Gar W. , Mapes Gene , Hernandez-Castillo Genaro R. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractA new fossilized walchian (Voltziales) conifer plant from the Late Pennsylvanian Hamilton Quarry of Kansas, U.S.A. combines morphological characters of the morphogenusWalchiaand the fossil plant genusOtovicia, with cuticular characters like those of the fossil plant genusErnestiodendron, and seed cone morphology like that of the fossil plant genusEmporia. Internal anatomical characters are basically similar to the other walchian genera for which such features are known, but some are taxonomically informative. Numerical cladistic analysis reveals that this novel combination of characters defines a new fossil plant genus and species of walchian conifersHanskerpia hamiltonensis. This analysis provides a test of hypotheses for relationships among walchian and other ancient conifers. Results of this analysis support some previously proposed relationships among the most primitive conifers and other Paleozoic coniferophytes. However, the analysis also calls to question the validity of all previously proposed familial circumscriptions for walchian conifers, and highlights the perplexing systematic challenges posed by the most ancient fossil conifers. The unexpected species richness of voltzialean conifers is interpreted as having resulted from the evolutionary ecology of unstable environments.
Lectotypification of names of Brazilian species of Cryptocarya (Lauraceae)
Authors: de Moraes Pedro Luís Rodrigues 
Published: May 2010

AbstractIn a forthcoming systematic treatment of Brazilian species of Cryptocarya, almost all known herbarium collections were examined, and as a result, eight validly published species names are recognized. Types are cited for accepted names and synonyms. Several lectotypes and an epitype are newly designated. One new combination is proposed.
Plasmoverna gen. nov., and the taxonomy and nomenclature of Plasmopara (Chromista, Peronosporales)
Authors: Constantinescu Ovidiu , Voglmayr Hermann , Fatehi Jamshid , Thines Marco 
Published: May 2010

AbstractAfter a review of the taxonomy and nomenclature of Plasmopara, it is concluded that this genus contains at least two groups of fungi that can be differentiated on both morphological and molecular grounds. In order to avoid numerous nomenclatural changes, the genus Plasmoverna with seven new combinations (Pv. pygmaea, Pv. alpina, Pv. anemones‐dichotomae, Pv. anemones‐ranunculoides, Pv. fusca, Pv. hellebori, and Pv. isopyrithalictroides) is introduced to accommodate the species parasitic on Ranunculaceae, which have so far often been referred to as Plasmopara pygmaea s.l. The lectotypification of Plasmopara with Pl. pygmaea, which has been accepted by most authors in recent times, is shown to have been superseded by typification with Pl. nivea. To ensure nomenclatural stability, the ambiguous Pl. nivea is neotypified, and Plasmopara is retained in its current use for the bulk of the species.
Is there really more biodiversity in Mediterranean forest ecosystems?
Authors: Fady-Welterlen Bruno 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe Mediterranean Basin accounts for more than 10% of the world's vascular plant biodiversity in an area less than 1.5% the size of continental Earth. Forest tree taxa are also exceptionally diverse: more than 100 species have been recorded around the Mediterranean, but less than 30 species can be found in Temperate Europe. This amazing biodiversity was developed over millions of years due to the highly heterogeneous geology and climate of the Mediterranean. Did these factors also affect biodiversity within species, i.e., the genetic diversity of populations? Heterozygosity (the within‐population gene diversity), and differentiation (the among‐population spatial genetic structure), of neutral genes (isozymes) were used to measure within‐species biodiversity in four conifer genera commonly found in the Mediterranean: Abies Mill., Cedrus Trew, Cupressus L., Pinus L. Their within‐species biodiversity was significantly higher than that of other conifer species worldwide and did not correspond to expected values in terms of biogeography or levels of endemism. Gene diversity was significantly higher in the Eastern than in the Western Mediterranean Basin, and, surprisingly, was only mildly affected by human impact. A specific post‐glacial recolonization model is proposed for the Mediterranean Basin, in which effective glacial refugia are more numerous, and genetic drift is less, than what is proposed for Europe. The within‐species approach to biodiversity can help solve taxonomic questions, and when used as an indicator of evolutionary potentials, is an essential component of conservation strategies.
Plant taxonomy and biosystematics — does DNA provide all the answers?
Authors: Stace Clive A. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe impact of molecular systematics, especially DNA sequences, on plant taxonomy and biosystematics has been fundamental and era‐splitting. It has led to reactions by researchers ranging from advocating that it is now the only kind of research worth pursuing to considering molecular data as merely another body of evidence to be utilised equally with all the others. Can DNA “lie”? What reasons might there be to question the veracity of what it appears to tell us about plant evolution? This paper is an attempted discussion on the extent to which we can afford to rely solely upon DNA sequences to unravel the evolution of and relationships between plants, and on the principles underlying our utilisation of DNA data in making taxonomic decisions. The main topics visited are: interpretation of chloroplast DNA and rDNA ITS sequences in polyploids in the light of maternal inheritance and concerted evolution; importance of “traditional” characters such as crossability and chromosomal homology as revealed by DNA evidence; desirability of insisting on a monophyletic classification; effects of sample‐size on phylogenetic analyses; and the suitability for evolutionary studies of a molecule composed of only four different elements in terms of likely levels of homoplasy. Special reference is made to recent phylogenetic analyses of festucoid grasses, especially the genusVulpia, where it is proposed that the obvious “misplacement” of certain polyploid species can actually be used to infer their parentage.
ActKey: a Web‐based interactive identification key program
Authors: Brach Anthony R. , Song Hong 
Published: May 2010

AbstractInteractive keys are useful multiple‐entry identification tools for science. A web‐based program called ActKey (URL: http://flora.huh.harvard.edu:8080/actkey/) was developed to enable online, ready‐access to interactive identification keys. A number of keys have been imported into a centralized, relational database, and are now available for the floras of China, North America, Madagascar, Borneo, and the world. Plants from more than 40 of the largest genera of China can be identified using ActKey. Datasets containing taxa and their characters can be imported from a variety of database formats and updated by taxonomic specialists and editors.
Fostericysta Riding nom. nov. (Division Dinoflagellata)
Authors: Riding James B. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe Jurassic dinoflagellate cyst genus Fosteria Riding & Helby 2001 is a later (junior) homonym of Fosteria Molseed 1968, a genus of the Iridaceae. The generic name Fostericysta is proposed here to replace Fosteria Riding & Helby 2001.
Understanding Mediterranean‐Californian disjunctions: molecular evidence from Chenopodiaceae‐Betoideae
Authors: Hohmann Sandra , Kadereit Joachim W. , Kadereit Gudrun 
Published: May 2010

AbstractChenopodiaceae subfam. Betoideae is distributed in both western Eurasia (four genera) and western North America (one genus). To understand the origin of this disjunction, the phylogeny of the subfamily was reconstructed and dated using ndhF, matK/trnK, trnL‐trnF spacer, and ITS sequence variation, penalized likelihood and Langley‐Fitch, and calibration with three different fossils. Maximum Parsimony and Maximum Likelihood analyses of the molecular data show that Betoideae are monophyletic, but that relationships of the Himalayan Acroglochin, traditionally included in Betoideae because of the shared possession of a circumscissile capsule, are uncertain. Among the betoidean genera, Beta (excl. sect. Procumbentes) is sister to a clade of Hablitzia, Patellifolia (= Beta sect. Procumbentes), Oreobliton, and Aphanisma. Apart from the strongly supported sister group relationship between the North African Oreobliton and the Californian Aphanisma interrelationships among these four genera are not unambiguously resolved. The crown group age of Betoideae was estimated to 38.4–27.5 my using different DNA sequences, and the age of the Oreobliton/Aphanisma split to 15.4–8.1 my. Considering all evidence available, we conclude that the western Eurasian‐western North American disjunction of Oreobliton/Aphanisma is more likely to have resulted from the fragmentation of a Beringian than a North Atlantic ancestral range. Irrespective of the geographical location of this ancestral range we postulate that the evolution into dry habitats of Oreobliton and Aphanisma took place in parallel in western Eurasia and western North America. Evidence for this may be the very different life form and habitat of the two genera, of which Oreobliton is a subshrub of rocky ground at montane altitude, and Aphanisma an annual from coastal habitats. Hablitzia, a perennial vine of deciduous forests in the Caucasus area, is sister to Patellifolia/Oreobliton/Aphanisma in the ndhF and ITS data sets. The habitat requirements of Hablitzia may be similar to those of the ancestor of the subfamily. Comparing the age of the Oreobliton/Aphanisma disjunction with ages estimated for East Asian‐eastern North American disjunctions, we conclude that in many cases these two types of disjunction represent different ecological trajectories of essentially the same historical phenomenon.
Using GenBank data for plant identification: possibilities and limitations using the ITS 1 of Asteraceae species belonging to the tribes Lactuceae and Anthemideae
Authors: Gemeinholzer Birgit , Oberprieler Christoph , Bachmann Konrad 
Published: May 2010

AbstractAs a contribution to establish taxonomic identification methods using DNA sequence data, we evaluate to which extent the present set‐up of the nucleotide databases (NCBI, EBI, GenomeNet) allows to use them for reliable routine plant identification applying the implemented sequence similarity and homology search tools. We screened newly determined ITS 1 sequences from Asteraceae (tribes Lactuceae, Anthemideae) against the molecular nucleotide databases where sequences from that exact species, from other species of the same genus, or only from other genera of the same family had already been published. With the present set up of the BLAST® algorithms [MEGABLAST, BLASTN] 100% correct family, 99% correct tribe, and 98% precise genus affiliation could be achieved in Lactuceae representatives and 100% correct family, 100% correct tribe, and 95% precise genus affiliation in Anthemideae. Correct species detection varied between 86% accuracy for Lactuceae and 91% in Anthemideae. Necessary optimization criteria are proposed as well as further requirements for a standardized molecular identification system.