bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Purification and characterization of limonin D‐ring lactone hydrolase from sweet orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) seeds
Authors: Zhang Nawei , Xu Yang , Jia Xiao , Li Xiao , Ren Jingnan , Pan Siyi , Fan Gang , Yang Jinchu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDCitrus products often suffer from delayed bitterness, which is generated from the conversion of non‐bitter precursors (limonoate A‐ring lactone, LARL) to limonin under the catalysis of limonin D‐ring lactone hydrolase (LDLH). In this study, LDLH was isolated and purified from sweet orange seeds, and a rapid and accurate high‐performance liquid chromatography method to quantify LARL was developed and applied to analyze the activity and enzymatic properties of purified LDLH.RESULTSPurified LDLH (25.22 U mg−1) showed bands of 245 kDa and 17.5 kDa molecular weights in native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and sodium dodecyl sulfate PAGE analysis respectively. After a 24 h incubation under strongly acidic (pH 3) or strongly alkaline (pH 9) conditions, LDLH still retained approximately 100% activity. Moreover, LDLH activity was not impaired by thermal treatment at 50 °C for 120 min. Enzyme inhibition assays showed that LDLH was inactivated only after ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid treatment, and other enzyme inhibitors showed no significant effect on its activity. In addition, the LDLH activity of calcium ion (Ca2+) intervention was 108% of that in the blank group, and that of zinc ion (Zn2+) intervention was 71%.CONCLUSIONLDLH purified in this study was a multimer containing 17.5 kDa monomer with a wide pH tolerance range (pH 3–9) and excellent thermal stability. Moreover, LDLH might be a metallopeptidase, and its activity was stimulated by Ca2+ and significantly inhibited by Zn2+. These findings improve our understanding of LDLH and provide some important implications for reducing the bitterness in citrus products in the future. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Climate change exposure, environmental performance, and the cost of capital in the energy sector: Fossil fuel versus renewable energy firms
Authors: Yildiz Yilmaz , Temiz Huseyin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAs the largest emitter of greenhouse gases, the energy sector is expected to make significant investments in green transformation to help combat climate change. However, the effect of climate risk on sector firms' cost of capital has been neglected in the literature. This study fills this gap by investigating the impact of climate change and environmental performance on the cost of capital in the energy sector using a large sample of energy firms from 34 countries. Specifically, we comparatively examine the impact of climate risk on weighted average cost of capital, cost of debt, and cost of equity for fossil fuel and renewable energy firms. Moreover, we examine the moderating role of corporate environmental performance on the relationship between climate risk and the cost of capital. Our results suggest that energy firms domiciled in countries with higher exposure to climate change have a significantly higher weighted average cost of capital, cost of equity, and cost of debt than the firms domiciled in countries with lower exposure to climate change. However, this effect is significantly stronger for fossil fuel firms than for renewable energy firms. Importantly, energy firms, both fossil fuel and renewable energy, can mitigate the adverse effect of climate change on their cost of capital by engaging in pro‐environmental policies. These findings suggest that climate risk exposure and the environmental performance of energy firms are important factors to consider when designing policies to accelerate the green transformation of the energy sector.
Quality and pricing decisions for product upgrade: Does valuation uncertainty always hurt the vendor?
Authors: Guo Junpeng , Liu Zhongrui , Cui Qingbin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractProduct upgrade is an effective method for vendor to maintain and grow its market share. Consumers encounter difficulties in evaluating product utility or value because of product quality and misfit uncertainty. Considering valuation uncertainty, we study the vendor's upgrade strategy (including quality and pricing decisions) for repeat purchase products. The results show that the vendor can benefit from a decline in quality uncertainty. Misfit uncertainty impacts the vendor's profit nonmonotonically, depending on consumers' quality evaluation. As quality evaluation improves, the reduction in misfit uncertainty may hurt the vendor's profit. The results provide guidelines for vendor's product updates and upgrades.
Pattern reconfigurable mm‐Wave leaky‐wave antenna array using contactless excitation
Authors: Wang Kan , Emara Mohamed K. , Smy Tom J. , Gupta Shulabh 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA novel contactless excitation method for leaky‐wave antennas (LWAs) is proposed based on near‐field coupling between a physically disconnected input feed section and input ports of LWAs. Periodic slot‐pairs in substrate‐integrated waveguides are used to implement a plurality of planar LWAs in the Ka‐band, where contactless excitation allows switching of the input port along an antenna array without any mechanical disconnection and reconnection of coaxial connectors, thereby opening the path for mechanical switching‐based pattern reconfiguration. To demonstrate the proposed principle of contactless excitation, prototypes are shown with detailed reflection characteristics and radiation pattern measurements.
Effects of using a mobile application on pelvic floor training in women with stress urinary incontinence: A randomized controlled clinical study
Authors: Vilela Ingrid da Costa , Silva Natasha Morena Bazílio , Pinto Rogério de Melo Costa , Driusso Patricia , Pereira‐Baldon Vanessa Santos 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionUrinary incontinence (UI) is defined as any involuntary loss of urine that causes negative impacts on women's lives. Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) is considered to be “level A” of scientific evidence in the treatment of UI. Despite its efficacy, it is known that the effect of PFMT may depend on continuous adherence. Therefore, healthcare professionals are looking for alternatives to improve adherence in their patients. Healthcare has been innovating through mobile device apps.ObjectiveThus, the objective of this study was to verify the effects of PFMT with the use of a mobile device app in incontinent women.Trial DesignThis was a controlled, randomized clinical trial that occurred remotely.MethodsA total of 104 women with stress UI and/or mixed incontinence, over 18 years old, literate, with preserved cognitive capacity, with internet access and a mobile device with the Android system, participated in this study. They were randomly divided into two groups: The App group and the Booklet group, which underwent a PFMT protocol guided by a mobile app and a booklet, respectively. Both groups received daily reminders to perform the exercises. Before and after 12 weeks of intervention, it was evaluated using the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire‐Short Form (ICIQ‐SF) and the King's Health Questionnaire (KHQ).ResultsBoth groups showed improvements in the final ICIQ‐SF score. However, superior results were shown for the Booklet group (App: pre: 11.5 [±3.8], post: 9.8 [±4.5]; Booklet: pre: 12.6 [±4.5], post: 7.4 [±4.3]; p = 0.03).ConclusionIt was concluded that PFMT, with the use of a mobile app, is capable of reducing UI and the impact of UI, but it is not superior to training with the use of booklet instructions.
BRAF‐V600E mutations in plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells correlate with prognosis of pediatric Langerhans cell histiocytosis treated with first‐line therapy
Authors: Wang Chan‐Juan , Zhu Ting , Zhao Chen‐Zi , Cui Hua , Wang Dong , Zhao Zi‐Jing , Huang Xiao‐Tong , Li Hua‐Lin , Liu Fei‐Fei , Zhang Rui , Li Zhi‐Gang , Cui Lei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe clinical relevance of BRAF‐V600E alleles in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and the prognostic impact of the mutants in cell‐free (cf) and PBMC DNAs of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) have not been fully clarified in pediatric LCH.MethodsWe retrospectively determined the levels of BRAF‐V600E mutation in paired plasma and PBMC samples at the time of diagnosis of LCH. Subsequently, we performed a separate or combined analysis of the clinical and prognostic impact of the mutants.ResultsWe assessed BRAF‐V600E mutation in peripheral blood from 94 patients of childhood LCH. Our data showed that cfBRAF‐V600E was related to young age, multiple‐system (MS) disease, involvements of organs with high risk, increased risk of relapse, and worse progression‐free survival (PFS) of patients. We also observed that the presence of BRAF‐V600E in PBMCs at baseline was significantly associated with MS LCH with risk organ involvement, younger age, and disease progression or relapse. The coexisting of plasma(+)/PBMC(+) identified 36.2% of the patients with the worst outcome, and the hazard ratio was more significant than either of the two alone or neither, indicating that combined analysis of the mutation in plasma and PBMCs was more accurate to predict relapse than evaluation of either one.ConclusionsConcurrent assessment of BRAF‐V600E mutation in plasma and PBMCs significantly impacted the prognosis of children with LCH. Further prospective studies with larger cohorts need to validate the results of this study.
Nonopioid analgesic use in older patients admitted for orthopedic rehabilitation
Authors: Bilek Aaron J. , Cullen Stephanie , Tan Carolyn M. , Li Qixuan , Huszti Ella , Norman Richard E. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundMultimodal analgesia (MMA) combines opioids with nonopioid analgesics (NOAs) to mitigate opioid‐related adverse events and development of opioid use disorders. Although MMA has become the standard for orthopedic perioperative pain management, guidance is less clear for the approximately 15% of patients who go on to require inpatient orthopedic rehabilitation (IOR) postoperatively. The IOR population tends to be older and frailer and hence likely more vulnerable to adverse events. Little research has been done to shed light on how NOAs are used in this population.ObjectiveTo characterize NOA prescribing in older versus younger adults during IOR admissions and to determine predictors of NOA prescribing in an older IOR population.DesignRetrospective case–control study.SettingTwo IOR wards at an academic rehabilitation hospital in Toronto, Canada.PatientsAll patients aged ≥50 years admitted for an orthopedic indication between November 2019 and June 2021; the patients aged <65 group was included for comparative characterization of NOA prescribing versus older peers.InterventionsNot applicable.Main Outcome MeasuresMedication use and adverse events, pain, and rehabilitation outcomes such as the Functional Independence Measure, discharge destination, and length of stay.ResultsA total of 643 patient encounters were included; 48.2% used NOA. Age (odds ratio [OR]: 0.97; confidence interval [CI]: 0.95–0.99, p < .001) and prior NOA use (OR: 3.15; CI: 2.0–4.9, p < .001) were associated with NOA prescribing. Other positively associated factors included body mass index, psychiatric history, elective surgery, and admission from a specific referring hospital. Adverse events between NOA users and nonusers were similar.ConclusionsNOA prescribing is heterogeneous and declines with age in IOR. This points to an opportunity to explore integrating NOA into opioid‐sparing MMA protocols tailored to older IOR patients, along with further study of the safety and benefit of these regimens.
Optically‐Stimulated‐Luminescence Ages and Paleo‐Environmental Implications of Relict Frost Wedges in North–Central Bohemia, Czech Republic
Authors: Uxa Tomáš , Křížek Marek , Krause David , Moska Piotr , Murton Julian 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTRelict frost wedges are widespread and valuable indicators of past environmental conditions that have been extensively dated across central and western European lowlands over the past few decades, but their timing in the Czech Republic is poorly known. Here, we present optically‐stimulated‐luminescence (OSL) ages for seven relict frost wedges situated at four study sites in north–central Bohemia, Czech Republic (49.9992–50.4956°N, 13.3736–16.0011°E, 230–350 m above sea level). The OSL ages indicate that the frost wedges developed during two phases in marine isotope stage 2: an older phase that peaked at 23.6 ± 2.9 ka and a younger phase that peaked at 16.1 ± 1.3 ka. Both phases probably experienced cold, dry and windy conditions that were mostly associated with <0°C mean annual air and ground temperatures and the presence of at least discontinuous permafrost, which is in line with similar central and western European records and other paleo‐environmental archives. The new OSL ages constitute the first extended dataset on the timing of frost wedges in this undersampled area between the Fennoscandian and Alpine ice sheets, which is essential for reconstructing past permafrost extents and climate conditions, as well as for validating models of past permafrost dynamics in central Europe.
A Spectroscopic Correlative Analysis of Eu3+‐Substituted Zn1‐xSnO3 Nano Phosphors for Anticounterfeiting Applications
Authors: Albert Anitha , Velladurai Ponnusamy 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA series of orange–red phosphors Zn1‐xSnO3:xEu3+ synthesized using a sol–gel combustion process is used to study the modified local crystal structure by site‐selective substitution of Eu3+ ions. XRD with the Rietveld refinement analysis reveals an orthorhombic ZnSnO3 structure with a space group 61. SEM and TEM with EDAX analyses confirm the flower‐like morphology of Zn1‐xSnO3:xEu3+ nanorods. Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy gives substantial confirmation for the inclusion of Eu3+ ions into the ZnSnO3 host. Judd‐Ofelt analysis confirms the substitution of Eu3+ ion in an asymmetric environment in ZnSnO3, which is responsible for orange–red emission at 615 nm. UV–vis–DRS analysis shows that the addition of Eu3+ ions (1% to 17% in phases of 4%) results in the formation of confined energy states with an increased band gap from 2.78 to 3.29 eV. The ability of ZnSnO3 to host Eu3+ ions signifies that it can be used as an effective luminescent material. Cyclic voltammetry analysis reveals the enhanced charge separation in Zn1‐xSnO3:xEu3+(13%) nanophosphor. The optimized Zn1‐xSnO3:xEu3+(13%) nano phosphor mixed with silicone investigated for the generation of anti‐counterfeiting patterns indicates its potential to generate high‐resolution image patterns on various surfaces under monochromatic UV or visible‐LASER LED illumination.
Development of a Diethylcarbamazine Citrate‐Based Electrochemical Sensor for Quick and Affordable Detection of Sulfadiazine and Uric Acid in Environmental Monitoring
Authors: Teradale Amit B. , Unki Shrishila N. , Ganesh Pattan S. , Das Kusal K. , Das Swastika N. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe widespread use of antibiotics like sulfadiazine (SDZ) in various industries has raised environmental and health concerns due to their potential for bioaccumulation and the subsequent effects on human health and the environment. Diethylcarbamazine citrate (DCZ), a well‐established antifilarial drug, has yet to be explored as a sensing agent despite its extensive use. This study proposes a cost‐effective and efficient method for detecting SDZ and Uric acid (UA) using a DCZ‐modified carbon paste electrode (poly‐DCZ/MCPE). The poly‐DCZ film is synthesized via cyclic voltammetry (CV) on the carbon paste electrode surface, demonstrating excellent electrocatalytic activity for SDZ and UA detection at pH 7.4. The diffusion‐controlled electrode process is observed with a lower limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) for SDZ as 3.8×10−9 M and 12.94×10−9 M respectively. For UA, LOD and LOQ were found to be 6.291×10−9 M and 20.97×10−9 M respectively at the poly‐DCZ/MCPE. Notably, the sensor exhibits simultaneous detection capabilities for SDZ and UA by CV and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) methods, addressing the need to monitor antibiotic residues in aquatic ecosystems and animal‐derived products.
Cyclic Ether Derived Stable Solid Electrolyte Interphase on Bismuth Anodes for Ultrahigh‐Rate Sodium‐Ion Storage
Authors: Zhang Xiaoshan , Lin Jinxin , Qiu Xueqing , Lin Zehua , Alshareef Husam N. , Zhang Wenli 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe bismuth anode has garnered significant attention due to its high theoretical Na‐storage capacity (386 mAh g−1). There have been numerous research reports on the stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) facilitated by electrolytes utilizing ether solvents. In this contribution, cyclic tetrahydrofuran (THF) and 2‐methyltetrahydrofuran (MeTHF) ethers are employed as solvents to investigate the sodium‐ion storage properties of bismuth anodes. A series of detailed characterizations are utilized to analyze the impact of electrolyte solvation structure and SEI chemical composition on the kinetics of sodium‐ion storage. The findings reveal that bismuth anodes in both THF and MeTHF‐based electrolytes exhibit exceptional rate performance at low current densities, but in THF‐based electrolytes, the reversible capacity is higher at high current densities (316.7 mAh g−1 in THF compared to 9.7 mAh g−1 in MeTHF at 50 A g−1). This stark difference is attributed to the formation of an inorganic‐rich, thin, and uniform SEI derived from THF‐based electrolyte. Although the SEI derived from MeTHF‐based electrolyte also consists predominantly of inorganic components, it is thicker and contains more organic species compared to the THF‐derived SEI, impeding charge transfer and ion diffusion. This study offers valuable insights into the utilization of cyclic ether electrolytes for Na‐ion batteries.
Dualities among massive, partially massless and shift symmetric fields on (A)dS
Authors: Hinterbichler Kurt 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We catalog all the electromagnetic-like dualities that exist between free dynamical bosonic fields of arbitrary symmetry type and mass on (anti-) de Sitter space in all dimensions, including dualities among the partially massless and shift symmetric fields. This generalizes to all these field types the well known fact that a massless p-form is dual to a massless (D − p − 2)-form in D spacetime dimensions. In the process, we describe the structure of the Weyl modules (the spaces of local operators linear in the fields and their derivative relations) for all the massive, partially massless and shift symmetric fields.
Properties of the contraction map for holographic entanglement entropy inequalities
Authors: Bao Ning , Naskar Joydeep 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We present a deterministic way of finding contraction maps for candidate holographic entanglement entropy inequalities modulo choices due to actual degeneracy. We characterize its complexity and give an argument for the completeness of the contraction map proof method as a necessary and sufficient condition for the validity of an entropy inequality for holographic entanglement.
Anti-tumor effects of tirbanibulin in squamous cell carcinoma cells are mediated via disruption of tubulin-polymerization
Authors: DeTemple Viola K. , Walter Antje , Bredemeier Sabine , Gutzmer Ralf , Schaper-Gerhardt Katrin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTopical tirbanibulin is a highly effective and well tolerated novel treatment option for actinic keratoses (AKs). This study aimed to characterize the mode of action of tirbanibulin in keratinocytes (NHEK) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) cell lines (A431, SCC-12) in vitro. Tirbanibulin significantly reduced proliferation in a dose-dependent manner in all investigated cell lines, inhibited migration, and induced G2/M-cell cycle arrest only in the cSCC cell lines analyzed, and induced apoptosis solely in A431, which showed the highest sensitivity to tirbanibulin. In general, we detected low basal expression of phosphorylated SRC in all cell lines analyzed, therefore, interference with SRC signaling does not appear to be the driving force regarding the observed effects of tirbanibulin. The most prominent tirbanibulin-mediated effect was on β-tubulin-polymerization, which was especially impaired in A431. Additionally, tirbanibulin induced an increase of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1α, bFGF and VEGF in A431. In conclusion, tirbanibulin mediated anti-tumor effects predominantly in A431, while healthy keratinocytes and more dedifferentiated SCC-12 were less influenced. These effects of tirbanibulin are most likely mediated via dysregulation of β-tubulin-polymerization and may be supported by proinflammatory aspects.
Examining the use of alternative light sources in medico-legal assessments of blunt-force trauma: a systematic review
Authors: Tyr Alexander , Heldring Nina , Zilg Brita 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe ability to analyze blunt-force trauma is crucial for deciphering valuable clues concerning mechanisms of injury and as evidence for medico-legal investigations. The use of alternate light sources (ALS) has been studied over the past decade, and is proposed to outperform conventional white light (CWL) during bruise assessments. In response to the growing interest of the technology worldwide, a systematic review of the literature was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) to address the ability of ALS to detect and visualize bruising. From an initial 4055 records identified, ten studies met the eligibly criteria and were selected for this review. Evaluation also included a novel framework, referred to as SPICOT, to further systematically assess both scientific evidence and risk of bias in forensic literature. Analysis reveals that narrowband wavelengths within in the infrared or ultraviolet spectral ranges do not significantly outperform CWL in visualizing or detecting bruising. However, wavelengths within the visible spectrum, particularly 415 nm combined with longpass or bandpass yellow filters, are more effective. However, the majority of selected studies only address the sensitivity of ALS, and therefore, results may only be considered valid when the location of a bruise is known. Further investigation is required to understand the specificity of ALS, in particular how the use of topical cosmetic products, previous wounds/scar-tissue, tattoos, moles and freckles may affect detection. The ethical concern regarding the interpretation of enhanced visualized trauma should also be considered in prospect discussions prior to implementing ALS into routine practice. Nevertheless, this review finds that narrowband ALS within the visible spectrum demonstrates potential for improved injury documentation, outperforming CWL in the detection and visualization of bruising.