bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Mediator Complex Subunit PFT1 Interferes with COP1 and HY5 in the Regulation of Arabidopsis Light Signaling
Authors: Klose Cornelia , Büche Claudia , Fernandez Aurora Piñas , Schäfer Eberhard , Zwick Eva , Kretsch Thomas 
Published: July 2012

AbstractArabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutants hypersensitive to far-red light were isolated under a light program of alternating red and far-red light pulses and were named eid (for empfindlicher im dunkelroten Licht). The dominant eid3 mutant carries a missense mutation in a conserved domain of PHYTOCHROME AND FLOWERING TIME1 (PFT1), an important component of the plant mediator coactivator complex, which links promoter-bound transcriptional regulators to RNA polymerase II complexes. Epistatic analyses were performed to obtain information about the coaction between the mutated PFT1eid3 and positively and negatively acting components of light signaling cascades. The data presented here provide clear evidence that the mutation mainly enhances light sensitivity downstream of phytochrome A (phyA) and modulates phyB function. Our results demonstrate that the Mediator component cooperates with CONSTITUTIVE PHOTORMORPHOGENIC1 in the regulation of light responses and that the hypersensitive phenotype strictly depends on the presence of the ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5 transcription factor, an important positive regulator of light-dependent gene expression. Expression profile analyses revealed that PFT1eid3 alters the transcript accumulation of light-regulated genes even in darkness. Our data further indicate that PFT1 regulates the floral transition downstream of phyA. The PFT1 missense mutation seems to create a constitutively active transcription factor by mimicking an early step in light signaling.
Outcome of children and adolescents with recurrent/refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma, a study from the Société Française de Lutte contre le Cancer des Enfants et des Adolescents (SFCE)
Authors: Gorde‐Grosjean Stéphanie , Oberlin Odile , Leblanc Thierry , Pacquement Hélène , Donadieu Jean , Lambilliotte Anne , Schell Mathias , Dommange Florence , Munzer Martine , Paillard Catherine , Schmitt Claudine , Lutz Patrick , Edan Christine , Ansoborlo Sophie , Stephan Jean‐Louis , Michel Gérard , Thomas Caroline , Perel Yves , Robert Alain , Landman‐Parker Judith 
Published: July 2012

SummaryThere is little data available regarding children and adolescents with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) who relapse after combined‐modality treatment, even though they have a substantial chance of cure. The purpose of this national retrospective study was to evaluate the outcome of patients with recurrent/refractory HL and determine adverse prognostic factors. From 1990 to 2006, 70 patients (median age 13·9 years) with refractory (n = 31) or first relapse (n = 39) HL were identified. Median time from end of treatment to relapse was 6 months (3–56). Relapses occurred in irradiated areas in 43/70 patients. Salvage therapy consisted of chemotherapy and 50 patients received high‐dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplantation. Radiotherapy was performed in 29 cases, tandem autologous transplantation in five and allograft in three. With a median follow‐up of 40 months (2–140), significant prognostic factors were time to progression/relapse and response to therapy before autograft. Event‐free survival and overall survival in patients with refractory disease, early relapse and late relapse were 35 ± 9%, 67 ± 11%, 76 ± 10% and 48 ± 11%, 89 ± 7% and 80 ± 10%, respectively. As progression <3 months was a major adverse prognostic factor, novel therapeutic approaches are needed for this group of patients. By contrast, patients have substantial chance of long term second remission in case of relapse >3 months.
Human herpesvirus 6 positive Reed–Sternberg cells in nodular sclerosis Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Siddon Alexa , Lozovatsky Larissa , Mohamed Ayman , Hudnall S. David 
Published: July 2012

SummaryClassical Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) exhibits a bi‐modal age distribution that suggests an infectious aetiology. However, most cases of nodular sclerosis HL (NSHL) are Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) negative (60–90%). Previous studies regarding human herpesvirus 6 (HHV‐6) positivity of HL have led to conflicting results. In order to clarify this situation, we examined NSHL biopsies for the presence and distribution of HHV‐6 by immunohistochemistry (IHC), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). PCR identified HHV‐6 DNA in 86% of NSHL cases. As HHV‐6 DNA was also identified in most cases of reactive lymphoid hyperplasia, we sought to localize the virus to specific cells by IHC, which detected HHV‐6 in Reed–Sternberg (RS) cells of nearly half (48%) of NSHL cases. Dual CD30/HHV‐6 immunostaining confirmed HHV‐6 immunoreactivity in CD30+ RS cells, and HHV‐6 PCR positivity was confirmed in laser capture microdissection‐isolated CD30+ RS cells. FISH demonstrated multiple copies of HHV‐6 genome in scattered cells. In contrast, EBV+ RS cells were identified in only 24% of the cases. HHV‐6+ cases trended toward a younger age than EBV+ cases. These results conclusively demonstrate that RS cells in many cases of NSHL are HHV‐6 positive, and suggest that HHV‐6 may play a role in NSHL pathogenesis, particularly in younger patients with EBV‐negative disease.
Characteristics and outcomes of diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma presenting in leukaemic phase
Authors: Muringampurath‐John Disni , Jaye David L. , Flowers Christopher R. , Saxe Debra , Chen Zhengjia , Lechowicz Mary J. , Weisenburger Dennis D. , Bast Martin , Arellano Martha L. , Bernal‐Mizrachi Leon , Heffner Leonard T. , McLemore Morgan , Kaufman Jonathan L. , Winton Elliott F. , Lonial Sagar , Armitage James O. , Khoury Hanna J. 
Published: July 2012

SummaryDiffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) occasionally presents with circulating malignant cells. The clinical characteristics and long‐term outcomes of these patients have not been described. Twenty‐nine newly diagnosed DLBCL presenting in leukaemic phase were identified between 1996 and 2010, at two institutions. Median age was 48 years, and patients presented with leucocytosis, high lactate dehydrogenase levels, B symptoms, and high International Prognostic Index score. Extra nodal site involvement was observed in all patients and affected the bone marrow (100%), spleen (62%), pleura/lung (41%), liver (21%), bone (17%), bowels (7%) and cerebrospinal fluid (14%). Blood lymphomatous cells co‐expressed CD19, CD20, CD22, CD38, CD45, HLA‐DR and FMC7 in >90%, and kappa or lambda light chain restriction in >50%. Ninety per cent received rituximab and anthracycline‐based chemotherapy. Overall, remission was complete in 54% and partial in 31%; 15% had resistant disease. Median follow‐up was 47 months; 13 (45%) patients remain alive in complete remission. Median progression‐free and overall survivals were 11·5 and 46·7 months, respectively. In summary, patients with DLBCL in leukaemic phase present with high tumour burden and frequent involvement of extra nodal sites. In this uncommon DLBCL subgroup, anthracycline‐based regimens with rituximab are associated with early morbidity and mortality, but yield approximately 50% 4‐year survival.
Trichuris suis ova therapy for allergic rhinitis does not affect allergen‐specific cytokine responses despite a parasite‐specific cytokine response
Authors: Bourke C. D. , Mutapi F. , Nausch N. , Photiou D. M. F. , Poulsen L. K. , Kristensen B. , Arnved J. , Rønborg S. , Roepstorff A. , Thamsborg S. , Kapel C. , Melbye M. , Bager P. 
Published: July 2012

SummaryBackgroundParasitic helminths have been shown to reduce inflammation in most experimental models of allergic disease, and this effect is mediated via cytokine responses. However, in humans, the effects of controlled helminth infection on cytokine responses during allergy have not been studied.ObjectiveThe aim was to investigate whether infection with the nematode parasite Trichuris suis alters systemic cytokine levels, cellular cytokine responses to parasite antigens and pollen allergens and/or the cytokine profile of allergic individuals.MethodsIn a randomized double‐blinded placebo‐controlled clinical trial (UMIN trial registry, Registration no. R000001298, Trial ID UMIN000001070, URL: http://www.umin.ac.jp/map/english), adults with grass pollen‐induced allergic rhinitis received three weekly doses of 2500 Trichuris suis ova (n = 45) or placebo (n = 44) over 6 months. IFN‐γ, TNF‐α, IL‐4, IL‐5, IL‐10 and IL‐13 were quantified via cytometric bead array in plasma. Cytokines, including active TGF‐β, were also quantified in supernatants from peripheral blood mononuclear cells cultured with parasite antigens or pollen allergens before, during and after the grass pollen season for a sub‐cohort of randomized participants (T. suis ova‐treated, n = 12, Placebo‐treated, n = 10).ResultsHelminth infection induced a Th2‐polarized cytokine response comprising elevated plasma IL‐5 and parasite‐specific IL‐4, IL‐5 and IL‐13, and a global shift in the profile of systemic cytokine responses. Infection also elicited high levels of the regulatory cytokine IL‐10 in response to T. suis antigens. Despite increased production of T. suis‐specific cytokines in T. suis ova‐treated participants, allergen‐specific cytokine responses during the grass pollen season and the global profile of PBMC cytokine responses were not affected by T. suis ova treatment.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceThis study suggests that cytokines induced by Trichuris suis ova treatment do not alter allergic reactivity to pollen during the peak of allergic rhinitis symptoms.
Leaf, stem and root tissue strategies across 758 Neotropical tree species
Authors: Fortunel Claire , Fine Paul V. A. , Baraloto Christopher 
Published: July 2012

Summary1. Trade‐offs among functional traits reveal major plant strategies that can give insight into species distributions and ecosystem processes. However, current identification of plant strategies lacks the integration of root structural traits together with leaf and stem traits.2. We examined correlations among 14 traits representing leaf, stem and woody root tissues. Traits were measured on 1084 individuals representing 758 Neotropical tree species, across 13 sites representative of the environmental variation encompassed by three widespread habitats (seasonally flooded, clay terra firme and white‐sand forests) at opposite ends of Amazonia (French Guiana and Peru).3. Woody root traits were closely aligned with stem traits, but not with leaf traits. Altogether leaf, stem and woody root traits delineated two orthogonal axes of functional trade‐offs: a first axis defined by leaf traits, corresponding to a ‘leaf economics spectrum’, and a second axis defined by covarying stem and woody root traits, corresponding to a ‘wood economics spectrum’. These axes remained consistent when accounting for species evolutionary history with phylogenetically independent contrasts.4. Despite the strong species turnover across sites, the covariation among root and stem structural traits as well as their orthogonality to leaf traits were strongly consistent across habitats and regions.5. We conclude that root structural traits mirrored stem traits rather than leaf traits in Neotropical trees. Leaf and wood traits define an integrated whole‐plant strategy in lowland South American forests that may contribute to a more complete understanding of plant responses to global changes in both correlative and modelling approaches. We suggest further meta‐analyses in expanded environmental and geographic zones to determine the generality of this pattern.
A specialist root herbivore reduces plant resistance and uses an induced plant volatile to aggregate in a density‐dependent manner
Authors: Robert Christelle A. M. , Erb Matthias , Hibbard Bruce E. , Wade French B. , Zwahlen Claudia , Turlings Ted C. J. 
Published: July 2012

Summary
1.Leaf‐herbivore attack often triggers induced resistance in plants. However, certain specialist herbivores can also take advantage of the induced metabolic changes. In some cases, they even manipulate plant resistance, leading to a phenomenon called induced susceptibility. Compared to above‐ground plant‐insect interactions, little is known about the prevalence and consequences of induced responses below‐ground.
2.A recent study suggested that feeding by the specialist root herbivore Diabrotica virgifera virgifera makes maize roots more susceptible to conspecifics. To better understand this phenomenon, we conducted a series of experiments to study the behavioural responses and elucidate the underlying biochemical mechanisms.
3.We found that D. virgifera benefitted from feeding on a root system in groups of intermediate size (3–9 larvae/plant in the laboratory), whereas its performance was reduced in large groups (12 larvae/plant). Interestingly, the herbivore was able to select host plants with a suitable density of conspecifics by using the induced plant volatile (E)‐β‐caryophyllene in a dose‐dependent manner. Using a split root experiment, we show that the plant‐induced susceptibility is systemic and, therefore, plant mediated. Chemical analyses on plant resource reallocation and defences upon herbivory showed that the systemic induced‐susceptibility is likely to stem from a combination of (i) increased free amino acid concentrations and (ii) relaxation of defence inducibility.
4.These findings show that herbivores can use induced plant volatiles in a density‐dependent manner to aggregate on a host plant and change its metabolism to their own benefit. Our study furthermore helps to explain the remarkable ecological success of D. virgifera in maize fields around the world.
Haemorrhoids are associated with erectile dysfunction: a population‐based study
Authors: Keller J. J. , Lin H.‐C. 
Published: July 2012

SummaryHaemorrhoids are associated with regional vascular abnormalities and rectal pain, which are hypothesized to increase the risk of erectile dysfunction (ED); however, few studies have investigated the association between ED and haemorrhoids. This case‐control study aimed to estimate the association between haemorrhoids and ED by using a population‐based data in Taiwan. We identified 6 310 patients with ED as cases and randomly selected 31 550 controls. Conditional logistic regression was performed to compute the odds ratio (OR) for having been previously diagnosed with haemorrhoids between cases and controls. The results show that haemorrhoids were found to be present among 1 572 (24.9%) cases and 4 491 (14.20%) controls. The OR for prior haemorrhoids among cases was 1.90 (95% CI = 1.78–2.03) when compared with controls after adjusting for monthly income, geographical location, hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, hyperlipidemia, obesity and alcohol abuse/alcohol dependence syndrome. Younger cases demonstrated a higher risk for prior haemorrhoids when compared with controls. In particular, the adjusted OR among cases <30 years old was 3.71 (95% CI = 2.74–5.02) when compared with controls. We concluded that there was an association between ED and a prior diagnosis of haemorrhoids.
Serum biomarkers are similar in Churg–Strauss syndrome and hypereosinophilic syndrome
Authors: Khoury P. , Zagallo P. , Talar‐Williams C. , Santos C. S. , Dinerman E. , Holland N. C. , Klion A. D. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractRationaleChurg–Strauss syndrome (CSS) and hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) overlap considerably in clinical presentation. A reliable means of distinguishing between these groups of patients is needed, especially in the setting of glucocorticoid therapy.MethodsA retrospective chart review of 276 adult subjects referred for evaluation of eosinophilia > 1500/μl was performed, and subjects with a documented secondary cause of eosinophilia or a
PDGFR
‐positive myeloproliferative neoplasm were excluded. The remaining subjects were assessed for the presence of American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria. Laboratory and clinical parameters were compared between subjects with biopsy‐proven vasculitis (CSS; n = 8), ≥4 ACR criteria (probable CSS; n = 21), HES with asthma and/or sinusitis without other CSS‐defining criteria (HESwAS; n = 20), HES without asthma or sinusitis (HES; n = 18), and normal controls (n = 8). Serum biomarkers reported to be associated with CSS were measured using standard techniques.ResultsThere were no differences between the subjects with definite or probable CSS or HES with respect to age, gender, or maintenance steroid dose. Serum CCL17, IL‐8, and eotaxin levels were significantly increased in eosinophilic subjects as compared to normal controls, but were similar between the eosinophilic groups. Serum CCL17 correlated with eosinophil count (P < 0.0001, r = 0.73), but not with prednisone dose.ConclusionsIn patients with a history of asthma and sinusitis, distinguishing between ANCA‐negative CSS and
PDGFR
‐ne‐gative HES is difficult because of significant overlap in clinical presentation and biomarker profiles.
Platelet transfusions in haematology patients: are we using them appropriately?
Authors: Estcourt L. J. , Birchall J. , Lowe D. , Grant‐Casey J. , Rowley M. , Murphy M. F. 
Published: July 2012

Background and Objectives  A large proportion of all platelet components are given to haematology patients. As there are risks associated with their transfusion, costs associated with production, and shortages may occur, it is important that their use is appropriate.Study Design and Methods  The study was split into two parts, a survey to assess local practice guidelines and an assessment of platelet usage. A total of 123 hospitals completed the survey and 168 hospitals submitted data of 40 haematology patients over a 3‐month period.Results  The organizational survey found that 36% of hospitals routinely give prophylactic platelet transfusions to patients with long‐term bone‐marrow failure. Also, a significant minority of hospitals administer platelet transfusions if the platelet count is below a certain threshold prior to performing a bone‐marrow aspirate (11%) or a bone‐marrow aspirate and trephine (23%); both of these are contrary to UK platelet transfusion guidelines. Data were collected on a total of 3402 patients, of which 3296 cases were eligible for analysis. They received approximately 46% of all platelet components issued to participating hospitals in England during the study period. The majority (69%) of platelet transfusions were prophylactic; of these only 33% were given when the platelet count was ≤10 × 109/l. Using an algorithm, based on current UK guidelines, 60% of prophylactic transfusions were appropriate, 6% could not be assessed and 34% were inappropriate. A total of 10% of all prophylactic transfusions were double the standard adult dose.Conclusions  There is considerable potential for decreased use of platelet transfusions with a consequent improvement in their appropriate use and cost reduction.
Effects of Simultaneous vs. Sequential Settlement on the Territorial Behaviour of Juvenile Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Authors: Lindeman Amanda A. , Grant James W. A. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe aggression hypothesis predicts that territories will be smaller and more numerous when individuals arrive simultaneously rather than sequentially, because of the prior residency effect, whereas the attraction hypothesis predicts the opposite. In this study, we test the predictions of these contrasting hypotheses by releasing 12 juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) either simultaneously, all on 1 d, or sequentially, two per day for 6 d, in artificial streams. After the fish spent an average of 1 wk in the streams, we quantified the number of territories established, territory size, aggression rate and growth rate. There was evidence of a prior residency effect – early arrivers were more aggressive and grew faster than late arrivers – but this effect did not alter the number or size of territories established. We concluded that the temporal patterns of arrival have no strong effects on the territorial dynamics of juvenile rainbow trout.
Head Colour and Age Relate to Personality Traits in Gouldian Finches
Authors: Mettke‐Hofmann Claudia 
Published: July 2012

AbstractColour polymorphism is a widespread phenomenon in vertebrates and has often been linked with differences in behaviour such as aggression or boldness, behaviours that are often part of personality traits in monomorphic species. However, up to now, very few studies have looked whether colour morphs just differ in average behaviour or whether specific combinations of behaviours are favoured in relation to a particular morph therefore signalling personality traits. This was tested in the highly social and polymorphic Gouldian finch (Erythrura gouldiae). Tests were performed in pairs of a red‐headed and a black‐headed individual of same sex and size but different age. Capture rank in the aviary as well as latency to feed beside a novel object (neophobia) and to approach and touch a novel object on a perch (neophilia) were measured. For neophobia and neophilia, ranks of latencies calculated across all individuals were used and general and within‐pair comparisons were made. Neophobia and approach neophilia were consistent over time (2 mo), and approach neophilia was positively correlated with capture rank and neophobia indicating that the behaviours are part of personality traits. Moreover, black‐headed birds generally approached the novel object earlier than red‐headed birds. Similarly, within pairs, black‐headed birds were first to approach the novel object and were also captured first. Relative age (younger or older than the partner) was related to neophobia and tactile neophilia ranks; older birds reacted faster. The results indicate that colour morphs not only differ in average behaviour but that specific combinations of behaviours are related to colour morphs suggesting that head colours signal personality traits. Furthermore, depending on age individuals may have different roles in a social network.
The Return of the Intruder: Immediate and Later Effects of Different Approach Distances in a Territorial Songbird
Authors: Bartsch Conny , Weiss Michael , Kipper Silke 
Published: July 2012

AbstractMale songbirds often maintain territories throughout the breeding season, and one of the main functions of song is to deter invaders. Therefore, the distance of an unknown singing rival should play a crucial role within territorial singing interactions of males. This distance is expected to be assessed as more threatening the closer the rival approaches. Here, we tested this assumption by conducting nocturnal playbacks from two different distances in territorial Common nightingales (Luscinia megarhynchos). Immediate vocal responses of birds were examined by analysing changes in song structure as well as temporal response features. The next morning, follow‐up playbacks from an intermediate distance allowed us to investigate longer‐lasting effects of nocturnal playbacks. We found that the distance of a simulated rival had an effect on both immediate and later vocal responses of territorial male nightingales with different song parameters being affected during nocturnal and diurnal singing. This indicates that birds perceive intruder distances and adjust their response behaviour both immediately and in later interactions.