bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A randomized study of 2 dose levels of intravenous clofarabine in the treatment of patients with higher‐risk myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: Faderl Stefan , Garcia‐Manero Guillermo , Jabbour Elias , Ravandi Farhad , Borthakur Gautam , Estrov Zeev , Gandhi Varsha , Byrd Anna L. , Kwari Monica , Cortes Jorge , Kantarjian Hagop M. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Clofarabine is a nucleoside analog with activity in myeloid malignancies. Experience in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is limited.METHODS:The goal of this study was to evaluate the activity and safety of 2 different doses (15 mg/m2 vs 30 mg/m2 daily × 5 days) of intravenous clofarabine in patients with higher‐risk MDS. Fifty‐eight patients with a median age of 68 years (range, 25‐89) including 15 patients (28%) with secondary MDS and 35 patients (60%) who received prior DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitors were adaptively randomized between the 2 dose cohorts.RESULTS:The overall response rate (ORR; based on a modification of International Working Group criteria) was 36% including 26% with complete remission (CR) (ORR, 41% at 15 mg/m2 and 29% at 30 mg/m2). Responses were lower in patients who failed DNMT inhibitors (ORR, 17%; CR rate, 14%). The 8‐week mortality rate was 19%. Median survival was 7.4 months for all patients, 13.4 months for responders, and 21.7 months for complete responders. Some adverse events, particularly hepatic and renal, were more severe (grade >2) in patients randomized to 30 mg/m2 of clofarabine. Myelosuppression and infectious complications were frequent.CONCLUSIONS:Both the lower and higher doses of clofarabine have comparable clinical activity, but the lower dose appeared less toxic. If these results are confirmed, lower doses of clofarabine, possibly in alternative schedules, should be pursued. Cancer 2012;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Statin use and the risk of renal cell carcinoma in 2 prospective US cohorts
Authors: Liu Wei , Choueiri Toni K. , Cho Eunyoung 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Statins are widely used cholesterol‐lowering agents that may have potential antitumor effect. Epidemiological studies on statin use and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) risk have been inconsistent.METHODS:The authors investigated the association between statin use and RCC risk in the Nurses' Health Study and Health Professionals Follow‐Up Study. In total, 80,782 women and 37,869 men were followed for 14 years and 16 years, respectively. Regular statin use was assessed at baseline and was updated biennially during follow‐up. RCC diagnosis was confirmed by medical record review.RESULTS:Two hundred seventy‐seven incident RCC cases (164 women and 113 men) were identified. Compared with no current use, the multivariate relative risks of current statin use were 0.68 (95% confidence interval, 0.46‐1.00) in women and 1.17 (95% confidence interval, 0.75‐1.82) in men. The results for ever versus never users of statins were similar. No dose‐response relation with duration of statin use and RCC risk was observed. On subgroup analyses, statin use was associated with a reduced RCC risk among women who had no history of hypertension.CONCLUSIONS:The current study indicated that statin use may be associated with a lower risk of RCC in women, although these results need to be investigated further. Cancer 2012;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Application of the Hybrid Capture 2 assay to squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck
Authors: Bishop Justin A. , Maleki Zahra , Valsamakis Alexandra , Ogawa Takenori , Chang Xiaofei , Pai Sara I. , Westra William H. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:A growing proportion of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). In light of the unique natural history and prognosis of HPV‐related HNSCCs, routine HPV testing is being incorporated into diagnostic protocols. Accordingly, there is an escalating demand for an optimal detection strategy that is sensitive and specific, transferrable to the diagnostic laboratory, standardized across laboratories, cost‐effective, and amenable to broad application across specimen types including cytologic preparations.METHODS:Cytologic preparations (fine‐needle aspirates [FNAs] and brushes) were obtained from surgically resected HNSCCs and evaluated for the presence of high‐risk HPV using the Hybrid Capture 2 assay. HPV analysis was also performed on the corresponding tissue sections using HPV in situ hybridization and p16 immunohistochemistry. In cases in which the immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization results were discordant, HPV status was determined by real‐time polymerase chain reaction detection of E7 expression. HPV status in the tissues and corresponding cytologic samples was compared.RESULTS:Based on benchmark HPV testing of the tissue sections, 14 HNSCCs were classified as HPV positive and 10 as HPV negative. All corresponding cytologic preparations were correctly classified using the Hybrid Capture 2 assay.CONCLUSIONS:The Hybrid Capture 2 strategy, already widely used for the detection of high‐risk HPV in cervical brushes, is readily transferrable to HNSCCs. Consistent accuracy in cytologic preparation suggests its potential application in FNAs from patients who present with lymph node metastases, and may eliminate the need to obtain tissue solely for the purpose of HPV testing. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2012. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
The diagnostic value of cell block as an adjunct to liquid‐based cytology of bronchial washing specimens in the diagnosis and subclassification of pulmonary neoplasms
Authors: Collins George R. , Thomas Jaiyeola , Joshi Neelam , Zhang Songlin 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:To the authors' knowledge, the diagnostic value of cell block (CB) as an adjunct to ThinPrep liquid‐based cytology (LBC) of bronchial washing specimens in the detection and subclassification of pulmonary neoplasms has not been well evaluated. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the diagnostic utility of CB in this setting.METHODS:A total of 74 bronchial washing specimens and concurrently prepared CBs with a diagnosis of malignant or suspicious/atypical obtained from bronchoscopy procedures performed during 2009 were reviewed along with 28 randomly selected negative cases. LBC and CBs were reviewed independently. Deeper levels and ancillary studies were performed on CBs for specific tumor classification if needed. LBC and CB diagnoses were correlated with final histology and/or bronchial brushings.RESULTS:Use of CBs increased the number of positive diagnoses from 18 (LBC only) to 30 (combined LBC and CB) and 36 (combined LBC and CB with ancillary studies), with increased diagnostic yields of 67% and 100%, respectively. CB without ancillary techniques detected 22 malignancies whereas LBC detected 18 malignancies and CB with ancillary techniques detected 29 malignancies. A specific tumor diagnosis was possible in 22 of 29 (76%) malignancies detected by CB. Bronchial brushings and histology confirmed malignancy in 91% and 92% of cases, respectively.CONCLUSIONS:CB combined with LBC was found to improve the rate of detection of malignancy over LBC alone, especially in cases with suspicious or atypical LBC diagnoses. Increased diagnostic yield is observed when CB is used with or without ancillary studies, but the yield is higher with CB using ancillary studies. CB serves as yet another available source of diagnostic material for immunohistochemical and molecular studies. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2012;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
p‐Nitrobenzoic Acid Adsorption on Nanostructured Gold Surfaces Investigated by Combined Experimental and Computational Approaches
Authors: Panek Jarosław J. , Jezierska‐Mazzarello Aneta , Koll Aleksander , Dovbeshko Galina , Fesenko Olena 
Published: July 2011

AbstractAdsorption of guest molecules on host surfaces can lead to dramatic changes in the spectral properties of the guest. One such effect is surface‐enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA), observed when the guest is adsorbed on, for example, thin films, metal surfaces, or nanotubes. p‐Nitrobenzoic acid (p‐NBA) exhibits a SEIRA effect when adsorbed on Ag and Au. Herein, the IR spectra of p‐NBA adsorbed on a homemade rough Au surface, recorded in reflection mode with an angle of incidence of 16.5°, are reported. This SEIRA experiment reveals more bands than found by previous SEIRA studies. The intensities of both symmetric and asymmetric COO− and NO2 stretching, in‐plane CH, and CC ring stretching modes are enhanced. Theoretical models constructed on the basis of density functional theory reveal the binding mode of p‐NBA to gold “particles”. The p‐NBA anion binds to gold much more strongly than the neutral form, and interaction via the carboxylic oxygen atoms is preferred over the nitro group–gold contact. A significant charge transfer during chemisorption is found, which is considered to be crucial in leading to a high SEIRA enhancement factor.
Brookite TiO2 Nanoparticle Films for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Magne Constance , Cassaignon Sophie , Lancel Gilles , Pauporté Thierry 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBrookite TiO2 nanoparticles have been synthesized at low temperature by a soft solution growth method and have been used as building blocks to prepare pure brookite nanoparticle porous films. The film brookite structure was confirmed by XRD and Raman spectroscopy. By spectrophotometry, it was shown that the films had a direct band gap of 3.4 eV. After sensitization by the N719 dye, efficient cells have been produced. A best overall conversion efficiency of 5.97 %, without a scattering layer, was found for the larger TiO2 starting nanoparticles. The cell open‐circuit voltage was improved compared with that of anatase cells and a lower electron diffusion coefficient was found in the photoanodes made of smaller brookite particles. Lanthanum‐doped brookite nanoparticle films were also studied. They showed a marked decreased in the amount of dye loading, and hence, the solar cells had a reduced current density that was not compensated for by the increased open‐circuit voltage of the cells.
Temperature Dependence of the Viscosity and Conductivity of Mildly Functionalized and Non‐Functionalized [Tf2N]− Ionic Liquids
Authors: Bulut Safak , Eiden Philipp , Beichel Witali , Slattery John M. , Beyersdorff Tom F. , Schubert Thomas J. S. , Krossing Ingo 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA series of bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ionic liquids (ILs) with classical as well as mildly functionalized cations was prepared and their viscosities and conductivities were determined as a function of the temperature. Both were analyzed with respect to Arrhenius, Litovitz and Vogel–Fulcher–Tammann (VFT) behaviors, as well as in the context of their molecular volume (Vm). Their viscosity and conductivity are highly correlated with Vm/T or related expressions (R2≥0.94). With the knowledge of Vm of new cations, these correlations allow the temperature‐dependent prediction of the viscosity and conductivity of hitherto unknown, non‐ or mildly functionalized ILs with low error bars (0.05 and 0.04 log units, respectively). The influence of the cation structure and mild functionalization on the physical properties was studied with systematically altered cations, in which Vm remained similar. The To parameter obtained from the VFT fits was compared to the experimental glass temperature (Tg) and the Tg/To ratio for each IL was calculated using both experimental values and Angell’s relationship. With Walden plots we investigated the IL ionicity and interpreted it in relation to the cation effects on the physical IL properties. We checked the validity of these Vm/T relations by also including the recently published variable temperature viscosity and conductivity data of the [Al(ORF)4]− ILs with RF=C(H)(CF3)2 (error bars for the prediction: 0.09 and 0.10 log units, respectively).
Atropisomerism at C–N Bonds of Acyclic Amines: Synthesis and Application to Palladium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylic Alkylations
Authors: Mino Takashi , Yamada Haruka , Komatsu Shingo , Kasai Mizuki , Sakamoto Masami , Fujita Tsutomu 
Published: July 2011

AbstractAcyclic amines 1 were obtained by a nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr) reaction and N‐methylation followed by silane reduction. The optical resolution of C(aryl)–N(amine) bond atropisomers of amines 1 is described. We found that chiral acyclic amine 1a can be resolved by crystallization without any outside chiral source. Finally, we demonstrate the ability of chiral amines 1 as a ligand in a palladium‐catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylation (up to 93 % ee).
Fast decoding of the (23, 12, 7) Golay code with four‐error‐correcting capability
Authors: Chu Shao‐I , Lee Hung‐Peng , Chang Hsin‐Chiu 
Published: July 2011

ABSTRACTIn this paper, a fast and efficient decoding algorithm for correcting the (23, 12, 7) Golay code up to four errors is presented. The aim of this paper is to develop a fast syndrome‐group search method for finding the candidate codewords by utilizing the property that the syndromes of the weight‐4 error patterns are identical to that of the weight‐3 error pattern. When the set of the candidate codewords is constructed, the most likely one is determined by assessing the corresponding correlation metrics. The well‐known Chase‐II decoder, which needs to perform the hard‐decision decoder multiple times, acts as a comparison basis. Simulation results over the additive white Gaussian noise channel show that the decoding complexity of the proposed method is averagely reduced by at least 86% in terms of the decoding time. Furthermore, the successful decoding percentage of the new decoder in the case of four errors is always superior to Chase‐II decoder. At the signal‐to‐noise ratio of 0 dB, the proposed algorithm still can correct up to 97.40% weight‐4 error patterns. The overall bit error rate performance of the proposed decoder is close to that of Chase‐II decoder. It implies that the new decoder is beneficial to the practical implementation. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Finite element framework for describing dynamic wetting phenomena
Authors: Sprittles J. E. , Shikhmurzaev Y. D. 
Published: July 2011

SUMMARYThe finite element simulation of dynamic wetting phenomena, requiring the computation of flow in a domain confined by intersecting a liquid–fluid free surface and a liquid–solid interface, with the three‐phase contact line moving across the solid, is considered. For this class of flows, different finite element method (FEM) implementations have been used in the literature, and in some cases, these produced apparently contradictory results. In the present paper, a robust framework for the FEM simulation of dynamic wetting flows is developed, which, by consistently adhering to the FEM methodology, leaves no room for ad hoc ‘optional’ variations in the numerical handling of these flows. The developed approach makes it possible to conduct a convergence study, assess the spatial resolution required to achieve a preset accuracy and provide the corresponding benchmark calculations. This analysis allows one to identify numerical artefacts, which had previously been interpreted as physical effects, and demonstrates that suppressing numerical errors using a ‘strong’ implementation of a boundary condition creates bigger and less detectable errors elsewhere in the computational domain. We provide practical recommendations on the spatial resolution required by a numerical scheme for a given set of non‐dimensional similarity parameters and give a user‐friendly step‐by‐step guide specifying the entire implementation, which allows the reader to easily reproduce all presented results including the benchmark calculations. It is also shown how the developed framework accommodates generalizations of the mathematical model accounting for additional physical effects, such as gradients in surface tensions. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
METHODS USED TO IDENTIFY AND MEASURE RESOURCE USE IN ECONOMIC EVALUATIONS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF QUESTIONNAIRES FOR OLDER PEOPLE
Authors: Martin Adam , Jones Alex , Mugford Miranda , Shemilt Ian , Hancock Ruth , Wittenberg Raphael 
Published: July 2011

SUMMARYThis paper presents the findings of a systematic review of full or partial economic evaluations that included questions to service users or their carers to elicit information on the types, amounts or costs of community‐based formal social care support provided to people 65 years and older. We have found that studies seldom report use of published validated questions for eliciting information from older people in the UK about their use of formal social care services. Given the political prominence of the debate over funding social care for older people, there remains a need for analysis of policy options. This requires reliable data on the receipt and payment for care. We recommend the development of improved questions on care that are clear, robust and up‐to‐date with developments in policy and practice. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Spontaneous Deracemization
Authors: Amabilino David B. , Kellogg Richard M. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractChirality can emerge spontaneously from racemizing samples in a remarkably efficient manner. The effect results from the stochastic generation of an excess of one enantiomer in the solid and subsequent amplification of the initial material to the bulk. In this review we shall give examples showing how this effect has proved to be an inspiration for the emergence of chirality from chiral materials, and even for the preparation of pharmaceutically important intermediates. While spontaneous deracemization should produce either enantiomer randomly, the kind of system that demonstrates the phenomenon is very prone to the induction of one handedness with extremely small quantities of chiral inducer, which makes the process exploitable in certain cases. This kind of deracemization is the epitome of the origin, transfer and amplification of chirality.
Molecular basis underlying LuxR family transcription factors and function diversity and implications for novel antibiotic drug targets
Authors: Zeng Li‐Rong , Xie Jian‐Ping 
Published: July 2011

AbstractLuxR is a widespread and functional diverse transcription factors and belongs to TetR protein superfamily. It could both activate and inhibit the expression of many genes contingent on the contexts, thereby involving in many crucial physiological events, such as virulence factors production, biofilm formation, quorum sensing (QS), acetate metabolism, motility, bioluminescence, and ecological competition. We summarized the function diversity of LuxR and underlying mechanisms. The interchangeability of some transcriptional factors for secondary metabolites biosynthesis opens new avenue to obtain new chemical entities or higher yield of antibiotics via the manipulation of regulators instead of structural genes. Inhibitors of pathogen QS are under intensive screening for better new antibiotics against the drug resistance. A compendium of compounds capable of inhibiting LuxR family transcriptional factors is also presented. J. Cell. Biochem. 112: 3079–3084, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Dose‐dependent effects of the caspase inhibitor Q‐VD‐OPh on different apoptosis‐related processes
Authors: Kuželová Kateřina , Grebeňová Dana , Brodská Barbora 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe effects of the pan‐caspase inhibitor Q‐VD‐OPh on caspase activity, DNA fragmentation, PARP cleavage, 7A6 exposition, and cellular adhesivity to fibronectin were analyzed in detail in three different apoptotic systems involving two cell lines (JURL‐MK1 and HL60) and two apoptosis inducers (imatinib mesylate and suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid). Q‐VD‐OPh fully inhibited caspase‐3 and ‐7 activity at 0.05 µM concentration as indicated both by the measurement of the rate of Ac‐DEVD‐AFC cleavage and anti‐caspase immunoblots. Caspase‐8 was also inhibited at low Q‐VD‐OPh concentrations. On the other hand, significantly higher Q‐VD‐OPh dose (10 µM) was required to fully prevent the cleavage of PARP‐1. DNA fragmentation and disruption of the cell membrane functionality (Trypan blue exclusion test) were both prevented at 2 µM Q‐VD‐OPh while 10 µM inhibitor was needed to inhibit the drug‐induced loss of cellular adhesivity to fibronectin which was observed in JURL‐MK1 cells. The exposition of the mitochondrial antigen 7A6 occurred independently of Q‐VD‐OPh addition and may serve to the detection of cumulative incidence of the cells which have initiated the apoptosis. Our results show that Q‐VD‐OPh efficiency in the inhibition of caspase‐3 activity and DNA fragmentation in the whole‐cell environment is about two orders of magnitude higher than that of z‐VAD‐fmk. This difference is not due to a slow permeability of the latter through the cytoplasmic membrane. J. Cell. Biochem. 112: 3334–3342, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Zoledronic acid inhibits macrophage SOCS3 expression and enhances cytokine production
Authors: Scheller Erica L. , Hankenson Kurt D. , Reuben Jayne S. , Krebsbach Paul H. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractSuppressor of cytokine signaling‐3 (SOCS3) has multiple functions including inhibition of Janus kinase (Jak) activity, regulation of protein degradation, and suppression of cytokine signaling. SOCS3 modulates macrophage response to cytokines such as IL‐6 and leptin that are systemically induced in obesity. Obesity is a suspected risk factor for SOCS3‐related pathology such as rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease as well as zoledronic acid (ZA)‐induced osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ). Thus, understanding the ability of bisphosphonates to modulate SOCS3 is necessary to qualify their contribution to these disorders. ONJ occurs in up to 10% of patients using intravenous bisphosphonates and has an unknown pathogenesis that may be linked to decreased bone turnover, altered vascularity, bacterial invasion, and compromised wound healing. Given the increased risk of ONJ with obesity and importance of macrophages in wound healing, we hypothesized that amino‐bisphosphonates could contribute to the pathogenesis of ONJ by regulating macrophage responses to cytokines such as leptin and IL‐6. We report that ZA is a novel inhibitor of SOCS3 in primary macrophages and human ONJ biopsy specimens. Inhibition of SOCS3 by ZA resulted in significant increases in IL‐6 production. SOCS3 transcription is regulated by nuclear accumulation of phosphorylated‐Stat3 (P‐Stat3). We found that ZA decreased phosphorylation of Stat3 in a mevalonate‐pathway dependent manner. However, restoration of P‐Stat3 was not sufficient to correct SOCS3 inhibition. We propose that disruption of macrophage SOCS3 expression by amino‐bisphosphonates such as ZA may be a novel contributor to inflammatory phenotypes in obesity and the pathogenesis of ONJ. J. Cell. Biochem. 112: 3364–3372, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.