bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of simulation‐based mastery learning to improve the quality of central venous catheter placement in a medical intensive care unit
Authors: Barsuk Jeffrey H. , McGaghie William C. , Cohen Elaine R. , Balachandran Jayshankar S. , Wayne Diane B. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:Central venous catheter (CVC) insertions are performed frequently by internal medicine residents. Complications, including arterial puncture and pneumothorax, decrease when operators use fewer needle passes to insert the CVC. In this study, we evaluated the effect of simulation‐based mastery learning on CVC insertion skill.DESIGN:This was a cohort study of internal jugular (IJ) and subclavian (SC) CVC insertions by 41 internal medicine residents rotating through the medical intensive care unit (MICU) over a five‐month period. Thirteen traditionally‐trained residents were surveyed about the number of needle passes, complications, and procedural self‐confidence on CVCs inserted in the MICU. Concurrently, 28 residents completed simulation‐based training in IJ and SC CVC insertions. Simulator‐trained residents were expected to perform CVC insertions to mastery standards on a central line simulator. Simulator‐trained residents then rotated through the MICU and were surveyed regarding CVC placement. The impact of simulation training was assessed by comparing group survey results.RESULTS:No resident met the minimum passing score (MPS) (79.1%) for CVC insertion at baseline: mean (M) (IJ) = 48.4%, standard deviation (SD) = 23.1, M(SC) = 45.2%, SD = 26.3. All residents met or exceeded the MPS at testing after simulation training: M(IJ) = 94.8%, SD = 10.0, M(SC) = 91.1%, SD = 17.8 (p < 0.001). In the MICU, simulator‐trained residents required fewer needle passes to insert a CVC than traditionally‐trained residents: M = 1.79, SD = 1.0 versus M = 2.78, SD = 1.77 (p = 0.04). Simulator‐trained residents displayed more self‐confidence about their procedural skills: (M = 81, SD = 11 versus M = 68, SD = 20, p = 0.02).CONCLUSIONS:Simulation‐based mastery learning increased residents' skills in simulated CVC insertion, decreased the number of needle passes when performing actual procedures, and increased resident self‐confidence. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2009;4:397–403. © 2009 Society of Hospital Medicine.
Benign pneumatosis intestinalis in a child with cavopulmonary shunt and immune thrombocytopenic purpura
Authors: Burns Lindsay , Maul Erich C. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractWe present the case of a nine‐year‐old boy with hypoplastic left heart syndrome and immune thrombocytopenic purpura who subsequently developed pneumatosis intestinails with a benign clinical examination. While benign pneumatosis intestinails is a well‐known clinical entity, the alarming radiographic findings set off a cascade of clinical angst among many providers. This case reminds physicians to correlate the ancillary study results with the patient's clinical presentation and stability. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2009;4:E41–E42. © 2009 Society of Hospital Medicine.
Improving insulin ordering safely: The development of an inpatient glycemic control program
Authors: Thompson Rachel , Schreuder Astrid B. , Wisse Brent , Jarman Kenny , Givan Kathleen , Suhr Louise , Corl Dawn , Pierce Becky , Knopp Robert , Goss J. Richard 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThis report describes a Glycemic Control Program instituted at an academic regional level‐one trauma center. Key interventions included: 1) development of a subcutaneous insulin physician order set, 2) use of a real‐time data report to identify patients with out‐of‐range glucoses, and 3) implementation of a clinical intervention team. Over four years 18,087 patients admitted to non‐critical care wards met our criteria as dysglycemic patients. In this population, glycemic control interventions were associated with increased basal and decreased sliding scale insulin ordering. No decrease was observed in the percent of patients experiencing hperglycemia. Hypoglycemia did decline after the interventions (4.3% to 3.6%; p = 0.003). Distinguishing characteristics of this Glycemic Control Program include the use of real‐time data to identify patients with out‐of‐range glucoses and the employment of a single clinician to cover all non‐critical care floors. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2009;4:E30–E35. © 2009 Society of Hospital Medicine.
The trivialization of diagnosis
Authors: Kushner Irving , Greco Peter J. , Saha P.K. , Gaitonde Shilpa 
Published: September 2009

AbstractAlthough it is widely recognized that diagnosis plays a central role in clinical medicine, in recent years the primacy of diagnosis has come under attack from several sources. 1. “Billable terms” are replacing traditional medical diagnoses. The former are based on International Classification of Diseases lists, which include many non‐diagnoses such as symptoms and signs. 2. Diagnosis often gets short shrift because of the perceived urgency of discharge. 3. The problem oriented record, in practice, has frequently led to a shift in emphasis from synthesis of findings to fragmentation of problems. 4. Presumptive diagnoses frequently metamorphose into established diagnoses in medical records, even if incorrect. 5. A number of authors have apparently disparaged the importance of diagnosis. Nonetheless, it is clear that diagnosis must continue to play a central role in clinical medicine. We propose several ways by which we can resist these forces and assure that diagnosis retains its appropriate position of primacy. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2010;5:116–119. © 2010 Society of Hospital Medicine.
Hospitalist handoffs: A systematic review and task force recommendations
Authors: Arora Vineet M. , Manjarrez Efren , Dressler Daniel D. , Basaviah Preetha , Halasyamani Lakshmi , Kripalani Sunil 
Published: September 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:Handoffs are ubiquitous to Hospital Medicine and are considered a vulnerable time for patient safety.PURPOSE:To develop recommendations for hospitalist handoffs during shift change and service change.DATA SOURCES:PubMed (through January 2007), Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) Patient Safety Network, white papers, and hand search of article bibliographies.STUDY SELECTION:Controlled studies evaluating interventions to improve in‐hospital handoffs (n = 10).DATA EXTRACTION:Studies were abstracted for design, setting, target, outcomes (including patient‐level, staff‐level, or system‐level outcomes), and relevance to hospitalists.DATA SYNTHESIS:Although there were no studies of hospitalist handoffs, the existing literature from related disciplines and expert opinion support the use of a verbal handoff supplemented with written documentation in a structured format or technology solution. Technology solutions were associated with a reduction in preventable adverse events, improved satisfaction with handoff quality, and improved provider identification. Nursing studies demonstrate that supplementing verbal exchange with a written medium leads to improved retention of information. White papers characterized effective verbal exchange, as focusing on ill patients and actions required, with time for questions and minimal interruptions. In addition, content should be updated daily to ensure communication of the latest clinical information. Using this literature, recommendations for hospitalist handoffs are presented with corresponding levels of evidence. Recommendations were reviewed by hospitalists at the Society of Hospital Medicine (SHM) Annual Meeting and by an interdisciplinary team of expert consultants and were endorsed by the SHM governing board.CONCLUSIONS:The systematic review and resulting recommendations provide hospitalists a starting point from which to improve in‐hospital handoffs. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2009;4:433–440. © 2009 Society of Hospital Medicine.
Identification of N‐glycosylation in prolyl endoprotease from Aspergillus niger and evaluation of the enzyme for its possible application in proteomics
Authors: Šebela Marek , Řehulka Pavel , Kábrt Jaromír , Řehulková Helena , Oždian Tomáš , Raus Martin , Franc Vojtěch , Chmelík Josef 
Published: September 2009

AbstractAn acidic prolyl endoprotease from Aspergillus niger was isolated from the commercial product Brewers Clarex™ to evaluate its possible application in proteomics. The chromatographic purification yielded a single protein band in sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis providing an apparent molecular mass of 63 kDa and a broad peak (m/z 58 061) in linear matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) time‐of‐flight (TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) indicating the glycoprotein nature of the enzyme. Indeed, a colorimetric assessment with phenol and sulfuric acid showed the presence of neutral sugars (9% of weight). The subsequent treatment with N‐glycosidase F released a variety of high‐mannose type N‐glycans, which were successfully detected using MALDI‐TOF MS. MALDI‐TOF/TOF tandem MS analysis of glycopeptides from a tryptic digest of prolyl endoprotease unraveled the identity of the N‐glycosylation site in the primary structure. The data obtained also show that the enzyme is present in its processed form, i.e. without putative signal and propeptide parts. Spectrophotometric measurements demonstrated optimal activity at pH 4.0–4.5 and also high thermostability for the cleavage at the C‐terminal part of proline residues. In‐solution digestion of standard proteins (12–200 kDa) allowed to evaluate the cleavage specificity. The enzyme acts upon proline and alanine residues, but there is an additional minor cleavage at some other residues like Gly, Leu, Arg, Ser and Tyr. The digestion of a honeybee peptide comprising six proline residues (apidaecin 1A) led to the detection of specific peptides terminated by proline as it was confirmed by MALDI postsource decay analysis. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Group‐level organizational citizenship behavior: Effects of demographic faultlines and conflict in small work groups
Authors: Choi Jin Nam , Sy Thomas 
Published: September 2009

AbstractOrganizational scholars have recently shifted their attention to examining organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) as a group‐level phenomenon. Adopting the input‐mediator‐outcome model of group performance, we examined antecedents and intermediate processes that predict group‐level OCB (GOCB) in small work groups. The results, based on data from 62 work groups representing a variety of industries, revealed that demographic faultlines based on relation‐oriented attributes (gender, age, and race) and a task‐related attribute (tenure) had differentiated relationships with task and relationship conflict, which mediated the relationships between faultlines and group outcomes (GOCB and group performance). Both task and relationship conflict were negative predictors of group performance. However, task conflict increased GOCB, whereas relationship conflict decreased it. The present study offers evidence of the relationship between demographic faultlines and various group processes and outcome variables in natural work groups. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Raman and surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopic studies of the 15‐mer DNA thrombin‐binding aptamer
Authors: Pagba Cynthia V. , Lane Stephen M. , Wachsmann‐Hogiu Sebastian 
Published: September 2009

AbstractAptamers are single‐stranded oligonucleotides that selectively bind to their target molecules owing to their ability to form secondary structures and shapes. The 15‐mer (5′‐GGTTGGTGTGGTTGG‐3′) DNA thrombin‐binding aptamer (TBA) binds to thrombin following the formation of a quadruplex structure via the Hoogsten‐type G–G interactions. In the present study, Raman and SERS spectra of TBA and thiolated TBA (used to facilitate covalent bonding to metal nanoparticle) in different conditions are investigated. The spectra of the two analogs exhibit vibrations, such as the C8N7H2 deformation band at ∼1480 cm−1 of the guanine tetrad, that are characteristic of the quadruplex structure in the presence of K+ ions or at low temperature. Interestingly, SERS spectra of the two analogs differ markedly from their respective normal Raman spectra, possibly due to changes in the conformation of the aptamer upon binding, as well as to the specific interaction of individual vibrational modes with the metal surface. In addition, the SERS spectra of the thiolated aptamer show significant changes with different concentrations, which may be due to different orientation of the molecule with respect to the metal surface. This study provides useful information for the development of label‐free aptamer‐based SERS sensors and assays. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Towards a specific characterisation of components on a cell surface—combined TERS‐investigations of lipids and human cells
Authors: Böhme R. , Richter M. , Cialla D. , Rösch P. , Deckert V. , Popp J. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractSupported lipid structures and human cells (human dermal derived keratinocyte, HaCaT) were investigated using tip‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) to use the high spatial resolution capabilities of TERS, which is assumed to be less than 10 nm, to determine specific components on the cell surface. As lipids are a main component of cellular membranes, the correlation of spectral properties of pure lipids with respect to the complex biological sample was investigated. Induced by dynamic structural changes as well as nanoscale effects, a particular spectral feature of the lipid TERS spectra is found to vary, and a similar spectral deviation appears among the TERS spectra measured on the cell. Modifications of the cell surface alone cannot cause such behaviour. In contrast to soft lipid agglomerates, the cells were fixed and therefore hampered for intrinsic structural changes. Hence, the main contribution for the cell TERS spectra variation results from nanoscale effects, determined by different spectral characteristics compared to conventional Raman spectroscopy. The present results demonstrate the capability of TERS to provide a detailed and fast insight into the composition of the cell surface, even allowing the detection of single components. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Subtracted shifted Raman spectroscopy of organic dyes and lakes
Authors: Rosi Francesca , Paolantoni Marco , Clementi Catia , Doherty Brenda , Miliani Costanza , Brunetti Brunetto G. , Sgamellotti Antonio 
Published: September 2009

AbstractResonance Raman spectroscopy has been utilized to identify vegetal and animal dyes and lakes. These compounds have been used by artists since antiquity, and their identification has important implications in art history and conservation. The resonance condition is useful when working with real ancient objects so as to enhance the Raman scattering of chromophores with respect to the strong signal of the matrix, such as the textile or parchment over which the colorant is supported. The strong fluorescence that generally characterizes the resonance Raman spectra was eliminated by using subtracted shifted Raman spectroscopy (SSRS). A systematic study on reference organic dyes was primarily carried out to evaluate the suitability of the method and to estimate the strengths and limitations of the spectrum reconstruction process. The method was then applied to the noninvasive identification of madder on ancient dyed silk textiles such as analtar table clothand amanutergiumattributed to the Egyptian artistic textile production of the 10th–11th Century A.D. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characterization of Al(III) complexes with hematein in artistic alum logwood inks
Authors: Centeno Silvia A. , Ropret Polonca , Federico Eleonora Del , Shamir Jacob , Itin Boris , Jerschow Alexej 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThe complexes between Al(III) and hematein, the main coloring matter in alum logwood inks, were characterized by Raman and 27Al NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) spectroscopies. Raman spectra of the crystallized complexes and of the compounds applied on a paper substrate are presented and assigned based on published data for the parent compounds. These Raman spectra show that the coordination of the hematein to the Al(III) ions takes place in both cases through the carbonyl and hydroxyl groups in the molecule, and that the aromatic rings are also involved in the interaction. The Raman spectra of the pure hematein–Al(III) complexes were found to be consistent with those recorded for a logwood ink prepared following a late 19th century recipe, using logwood chips instead of pure hematein, and applied on a paper substrate. These spectra can be used as references for the noninvasive identification of the compounds in works of art. 27Al solid‐state NMR showed that the coordination of the Al(III) atoms in the crystallized powder is predominantly octahedral, while when applied on a paper substrate the colorant is present mainly as a tetrahedral complex, with an octahedral coordination also present in a smaller proportion. The fact that the predominant coordinations for the complexes in the crystallized material and for the ones present on the paper substrate are different is relevant for the study of the lightfastness and thermal stability of works of art bearing these media. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Raman spectroscopy study of Na2MoO4·2H2O and Na2MoO4 under hydrostatic pressure
Authors: Luz‐Lima C. , Saraiva G. D. , Filho A. G. Souza , Paraguassu W. , Freire P. T. C. , Mendes Filho J. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractRaman spectroscopy measurements of polycrystalline Na2MoO4·2H2O (NMHO) and Na2MoO4 (NM) under hydrostatic pressure (from 0 to 10 GPa) were performed. This study allowed us to monitor the stretching and bending vibrations of MoO4 ions as well as the translational modes as a function of pressure. The pressure dependence of the wavenumbers of the modes indicates that the Na2MoO4·2H2O undergoes two phase transitions at about ∼3 and ∼4 GPa. When releasing pressure, we have observed that the original spectrum is recovered, thereby pointing to a reversible process. The Na2MoO4 (NM) starting phase was found to be stable up to 10 GPa. The pressure‐dependent Raman data for NM did not reveal any structural modification. The influence of the pressure‐transmitting medium on the phase transitions is also discussed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Maternal dietary conjugated linoleic acid is not directly toxic for the developing chick embryo, but causes embryo mortality by altering fatty acid composition of the egg yolk in the chicken
Authors: Aydin Rahim , Cook Mark E 
Published: September 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) was shown to cause embryo mortality when added into chicken diets. The objective of this study was to determine if CLA accumulation in yolk was directly responsible for embryo mortality.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty‐two 30‐week‐old hens were assigned to seven groups and fed a diet containing 5 g kg−1 canola oil (Group A), 5 g kg−1 CLA (Group B), 5 g kg−1 CLA plus 20 g kg−1 canola oil (Group C), 5 g kg−1CLA plus 30 g kg−1 canola oil (Group D), 5 g kg−1 CLA plus 40 g kg−1 canola oil (Group E), 10 g kg−1 CLA plus 40 g kg−1 canola oil (Group F) or 20 g kg−1 CLA plus 40 g kg−1 canola oil (Group G) for 22 days. Collected eggs were held at 15 °C for 24 h, and then incubated. For fatty acid analysis, three eggs were collected on the 22nd day of the study.RESULTS: After the sixth day, embryonic mortality was 100% in eggs from Group B versus 2, 30, 21, 4, 0, and 9% in groups A, C, D, E, F and G, respectively. The ratio of SFA/UFA of yolks from groups A, B, C, D, E, F and G was 0.64, 1.53, 1.07, 1.06, 1.08, 1.05 and 1.13, respectively. Relative levels (%) of CLA in the eggs from the groups A, B, C, D, E, F and G were 0.12, 2.29, 1.68, 1.80, 1.76, 3.04, and 5.25%, respectively.CONCLUSION: This study showed that CLA was not directly toxic for developing embryo, but caused mortality in the fertile eggs by increasing the ratio of SFA to UFA in egg yolk. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Predictive factors of early relapse in UICC stage I–III colorectal cancer patients after curative resection
Authors: Tsai Hsiang‐Lin , Chu Koung‐Shing , Huang Yu‐Ho , Su Yu‐Chung , Wu Jeng‐Yih , Kuo Chao‐Hung , Chen Chao‐Wen , Wang Jaw‐Yuan 
Published: September 2009

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesTo predict the clinicopathologic factors for early relapse of UICC stage I–III colorectal cancer (CRC) patients undergoing curative resection and thus to identify a subgroup of patients who are at high risk for postoperative early relapse.MethodsBetween January 2001 and June 2007, a total of 778 UICC stage I–III CRC patients who underwent a radical resection and regular follow‐up were retrospectively analyzed. Of these 778 CRC patients, 521 colon cancer and 257 rectal cancer cases were analyzed, respectively, to determine the predictors of early relapse postoperatively. These 778 patients were followed‐up intensively, and their outcomes were investigated retrospectively.ResultsOut of 521 colon cancer patients, postoperative relapse after primary resection was found in 142 (27.3%) patients, and 77 (54.2%) of 142 recurrent colon cancer patients were classified as postoperative early relapse. Meanwhile, among 257 rectal cancer patients, postoperative relapse was found in 68 (26.5%) patients and 44 (64.7%) of 68 recurrent rectal cancer patients were identified as postoperative early relapse. Forty‐nine (63.6%) of 77 early relapsed colon cancer patients were stage III, and likewise, 26 (59.1%) of 44 early relapsed rectal cancer patients were stage III. Univariately, postoperative early relapse of colon cancer patients was significantly correlated with the presence of vascular invasion (P < 0.001), perineural invasion (P < 0.001), high postoperative carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level (P = 0.001), and type of surgery (P = 0.016). Using a Cox proportional hazards analysis, the presence of vascular invasion (P = 0.033), perineural invasion (P = 0.005), and high postoperative CEA levels (P = 0.001) were demonstrated to be independent predictors of postoperative early relapse of colon cancer patients, while in rectal cancer patients, both vascular invasion (P = 0.039) and perineural invasion (P = 0.008) were statistically significant predictors of early relapse by univariate analysis. Using a Cox proportional hazards analysis, only perineural invasion (P = 0.043) was an independent factor. Early relapse cases had significant lower overall survival rates than non‐early relapse cases either in colon cancer (P < 0.001) or in rectal cancer (P = 0.0091) patients.ConclusionsThis study suggests that vascular invasion, perineural invasion, and postoperative CEA level may be significant factors for postoperative early relapse of colon cancer; while only perineural invasion is considered to be a significant predictor in rectal cancer patients. Identification of these high‐risk UICC stage I–III CRC patients of early relapse is important, and thus could help to define patients with this tumor entity for an enhanced follow‐up and therapeutic program. J. Surg. Oncol. 2009;100:736–743. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.