bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship of Negative Affect and Outcome of an Opioid Therapy Trial Among Low Back Pain Patients
Authors: Jamison Robert N. , Edwards Robert R. , Liu Xiaoxia , Ross Edgar L. , Michna Edward , Warnick Meredith , Wasan Ajay D. 
Published: June 2012

Abstract:Objectives:  Patients with chronic noncancer pain frequently report symptoms of depression and anxiety (negative affect), which are associated with higher ratings of pain intensity and a greater likelihood of being prescribed chronic opioid therapy. The purpose of this secondary analysis was to test the hypothesis that initial levels of negative affect can predict treatment‐related outcomes in a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study of extended‐release (ER) hydromorphone among opioid‐tolerant patients with chronic low back pain.Methods:  Four hundred fifty‐nine (N = 459) patients participated in the titration/conversion phase of a multicenter study, of which 268 were randomized to receive once‐daily hydromorphone or placebo. All patients completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) at baseline and were divided evenly into Low (N = 157), Moderate (N = 155), and High (N = 147) negative affect groups based on their scores. Group differences in numerical pain intensity measures at home and in the clinic, Roland–Morris Disability ratings, and measures of symptoms from the Subjective Opiate Withdrawal Scale (SOWS) throughout the trial were analyzed.Results:  Two hundred sixty‐eight of the initial 459 subjects who entered the 2 to 4‐week titration/conversion phase (pretreatment) were successfully randomized to either placebo or ER hydromorphone; a total of 110 patients then completed this double‐bflind phase of the study. Those in the Moderate and High negative affect groups tended to drop out more often during the titration/conversion phase because of the adverse effects or lack of efficacy of their prescribed opioid than those in the Low negative mood group (P < 0.05). Overall, those patients in the Moderate and High groups reported significantly higher pain intensity scores in at‐home and in‐clinic pain intensity ratings (P < 0.05), greater disability on the Roland–Morris Scale (P < 0.01), and more withdrawal symptoms on the SOWS (P < 0.05) than those in the Low group. Higher negative affect scores also predicted less favorable ratings of the study drug during the titration phase (P < 0.05). Interestingly, the High negative affect group showed the most improvement in pain in the placebo condition (P < 0.05).Conclusions: Negative affect is associated with diminished benefit during a trial of opioid therapy and is predictive of dropout in a controlled clinical trial.
Prospective Study of the Incidence of Contrast‐induced Nephropathy Among Patients Evaluated for Pulmonary Embolism by Contrast‐enhanced Computed Tomography
Authors: Mitchell Alice M. , Jones Alan E. , Tumlin James A. , Kline Jeffrey A. 
Published: June 2012

ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE 2012; 19:618–625 © 2012 by the Society for Academic Emergency MedicineAbstractObjectives:  Contrast‐enhanced computed tomography (CECT) of the pulmonary arteries (CTPA) has become the mainstay to evaluate patients with suspected pulmonary embolism (PE) and is one of the most common CECT imaging studies performed in the emergency department (ED). While contrast‐induced nephropathy (CIN) is a known complication, this risk is not well defined in the ED or other ambulatory setting. The aim of this study was to define the risk of CIN following CTPA.Methods:  The authors enrolled and followed a prospective, consecutive cohort (June 2007 through January 2009) of patients who received intravenous (IV) contrast for CTPA in the ED of a large, academic tertiary care center. Study outcomes included 1) CIN defined as an increase in serum creatinine (sCr) of ≥0.5 mg/dL or ≥25%, 2 to 7 days following contrast administration; and 2) severe renal failure defined as an increase in sCr to ≥3.0 mg/dL or the need for dialysis within 45 days and/or renal failure as a contributing cause of death at 45 days, determined by the consensus of three independent physicians.Results:  A total of 174 patients underwent CTPA, which demonstrated acute PE in 12 (7%, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 3% to 12%). Twenty‐five patients developed CIN (14%, 95% CI = 10% to 20%) including one with acute PE. The development of CIN after CTPA significantly increased the risk of the composite outcome of severe renal failure or death from renal failure within 45 days (relative risk = 36, 95% CI = 3 to 384). No severe adverse outcomes were directly attributable to complications of venous thromboembolism (VTE) or its treatment.Conclusions:  In this population, CIN was at least as common as the diagnosis of PE after CTPA; the development of CIN was associated with an increased risk of severe renal failure and death within the subsequent 45 days. Clinicians should consider the risk of CIN associated with CTPA and discuss this risk with patients.
Randomized Trial Comparing Intraoral Ultrasound to Landmark‐based Needle Aspiration in Patients with Suspected Peritonsillar Abscess
Authors: Costantino Thomas G. , Satz Wayne A. , Dehnkamp Wade , Goett Harry 
Published: June 2012

ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE 2012; 19:626–631 © 2012 by the Society for Academic Emergency MedicineAbstractObjectives:  Traditionally, emergency physicians (EPs) have used anatomic landmark‐based needle aspiration to drain peritonsillar abscesses (PTAs). If this failed, an imaging study and/or consultation with another service to perform the drainage is obtained. Recently, some EPs have used ultrasound (US) to guide PTA drainage. This study seeks to determine which initial approach leads to greater successful drainage. The primary objective of this study was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of EPs for detecting PTA or peritonsillar cellulitis (PTC) using either intraoral US or initial needle aspiration after visual inspection (the landmark technique [LM]). Secondary objectives included the successful aspiration of purulent material in those patients with a PTA in each arm, the use of computed tomography (CT) scanning in each arm, and the otolaryngology (ENT) consultation rate in each arm.Methods:  This was a prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial of a convenience sample of adult patients who presented to a single, large, urban university hospital. Patients were enrolled if they presented with a constellation of signs and symptoms that were judged to be a PTA. These patients were randomized to receive intraoral US or to undergo LM drainage. The US was performed using an 8–5 MHz intracavitary transducer immediately prior to the procedure. The probe was then withdrawn and the provider who did the US also performed the needle aspiration. The LM was performed using visual landmarks in a superior to inferior approach until pus was obtained or at least two sticks were performed. Anesthesia was standardized. Patients returned for follow‐up in 2 days where a final diagnosis was rendered.Results:  There were 28 patients enrolled, with 14 in each arm. US established the correct diagnosis more often than LM [(100%, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 75% to 100% vs. 64%, 95% CI = 39% to 84%; p = 0.04)]. US also led to more successful aspiration of purulent material by the EP than LM in patients with PTA [(100%, 95% CI = 63% to 100% vs. 50%, 95% CI = 24% to 76%; p = 0.04)]. The ENT consult rate was 7% (95% CI = 0% to 34%) for US versus 50% (95% CI = 27% to 73%) for LM (p = 0.03). The CT usage rate was 0% for US versus 35% for LM (p = 0.04).Conclusions:  An initial intraoral US performed by EPs can reliably diagnose PTC and PTA. Additionally, using intraoral US to assist in the drainage of PTAs with needle aspiration leads to greater success compared to the traditional method of LM relying on physical exam alone.
From shoots to roots: transport and metabolic changes in tomato after simulated feeding by a specialist lepidopteran
Authors: Gómez Sara , Steinbrenner Adam D. , Osorio Sonia , Schueller Michael , Ferrieri Richard A. , Fernie Alisdair R. , Orians Colin M. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractUpon herbivory, plants can swiftly reallocate newly acquired resources to different tissues within a plant. Although the herbivore‐induced movement of resources is apparent, the movement direction and the role of the remobilized resources are not well understood. Here, we used a two‐pronged approach combining radioisotope and metabolomic techniques to shed light on whole‐plant resource reallocation and changes in primary metabolism within the tomato, Solanum lycopersicum (L.) (Solanaceae), model in response to simulated herbivory by the specialist Manduca sexta (L.) (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae). Manduca sexta regurgitant applied to damaged leaves, but not mechanical damage alone, increased 11C‐photosynthate allocation to roots but did not affect 11CO2 fixation and leaf export. Changes in primary metabolite concentrations occurred mostly in sink tissues (apex and roots) as well as in damaged leaves. Both damage treatments (with and without M. sexta regurgitant application) resulted in increased concentrations of primary metabolites relative to undamaged plants in the apex and decreased concentrations in the roots, but there were also extensive changes specific to each damage treatment. Mechanical damage alone led to changes consistent with water stress caused by tissue damage. Manduca sexta led to metabolite increases in the apex consistent with an increase in glucose breakdown, metabolite increases in damaged leaves consistent with starch degradation, and metabolite decreases in roots suggesting a high use of metabolites. A possible explanation for the observed patterns in the aboveground tissues might be an increase in carbohydrate degradation to support defense production in attacked leaves and vulnerable developing leaves, and/or subsequent remobilization to belowground tissues to support high carbohydrate demand for respiration, enhanced nutrient uptake, and storage.
Inbreeding, herbivory, and the transcriptome of Solanum carolinense
Authors: Kariyat Rupesh R. , Mena‐Alí Jorge , Forry Brant , Mescher Mark C. , De Moraes Consuelo M. , Stephenson Andrew G. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBoth inbreeding and herbivory are common in flowering plants, and both are known to reduce fitness. Although inbreeding might also be expected to impact inducible and constitutive plant defenses against herbivores in a variety of ways, investigators have only recently begun to examine the effects of inbreeding on resistance to herbivores. Here, we examined the effects of inbreeding in horsenettle, Solanum carolinense L. (Solanaceae), on herbivore damage and reproductive output under field conditions. In addition, we employed the commercially available Affymetrix tomato (Solanum esculentum L.) microarray to explore changes in S. carolinense gene expression associated with feeding by Manduca sexta) (L.) (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) caterpillars on inbred and outbred horsenettle plants. We found that the inbred horsenettle plants experienced significantly greater herbivore damage in the field and exhibited only 11% of the seed production of outbred plants. Flea beetles and false potato beetles were the most abundant herbivores observed on the experimental plants, and both were observed significantly more often on inbred plants. The microarray‐generated transcriptomes of horsenettle revealed that the commercially available microarray chips can be reliably used with this important weed, that damage significantly up‐regulates many defense‐related genes, and that inbreeding depresses the expression of many genes especially those located in the jasmonic acid, ethylene, abscisic acid, and systemin‐mediated pathways that regulate the induction of defensive compounds and organic volatiles. Findings of the field study and the gene‐expression analysis are thus complementary, as the former demonstrates that inbreeding impacts plant resistance to herbivores, whereas the latter provides initial insights into the genetic mechanisms underlying these effects and their relationship to fitness.
C‐reactive protein, early life stress, and wellbeing in healthy adults
Authors: Carpenter L. L. , Gawuga C. E. , Tyrka A. R. , Price L. H. 
Published: June 2012

Carpenter LL, Gawuga CE, Tyrka AR, Price LH. C‐reactive protein, early life stress, and wellbeing in healthy adults.Objective:  To determine whether C‐reactive protein (CRP) can serve as a marker for alterations in immune function prior to the manifestation of significant psychiatric and medical disorders.Method:  Ninety‐two healthy adults were recruited from the community and determined to be free of psychiatric or medical disorders. The concentration of plasma CRP from a single resting sample was examined in relation to current mental and physical health as well as to self‐reported history of early life adversity.Results:  C‐reactive protein showed a significant positive correlation with body mass index (BMI; r = 0.477, P < 0.001). Non‐specific pain, fatigue, and lower overall quality of physical health were all associated with higher CRP concentrations (all P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), after controlling for effect of BMI and other relevant covariates. Subthreshold depression symptoms and other indices of mental/emotional wellbeing were not associated with CRP, nor was CRP significantly linked to any measures of early life adversity.Conclusion:  Lower‐quality physical health and wellbeing, but not the presence of mood/anxiety symptoms or early life stress (ELS), were significantly related to plasma CRP. Elevated CRP does not appear to be a fundamental consequence of ELS among healthy adults.
BaIn0.3Ti0.7O2.85/BaIn0.3Ti0.7O2.85‐Ni Electrolyte/Anode Half Cell for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Prepared by Reactive Sintering
Authors: Letilly Marika , Joubert Olivier , Le Gal La Salle Annie 
Published: June 2012

BaIn

0.3

Ti

0.7

O

2.85 (
BIT07
)/
BIT07
‐Ni electrolyte/anode half cell was prepared by reactive sintering for solid oxide fuel cells. The precursors were
BaCO3

, In2O3

, and
TiO2

for electrolyte and
BaCO3

, In2O3

, TiO2

, NiO
, and carbon black for anode. The bi‐layers were prepared by a multilayer tape casting and co‐firing method. The compositions and microstructures of the phases were studied by X‐ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The electrolytes were dense with pure perovskite phase with a thickness about 15 μm. The anodes were porous and no obvious reaction was found between
NiO
and the precursors of
BIT07
.
Economically important production relationships in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) foodfish production
Authors: Bastola Umesh , Engle Carole R. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe catfish industry (Ictalurus punctatus), the largest segment of aquaculture in the USA, has declined in the number of operations, total yield and sales in recent years. This has led to a call for innovations to improve production efficiency and to lower the cost of production. This paper reviewed the literature on management parameters that affect economically important production parameters under the control of an individual catfish farmer. Stocking density, size of fish at stocking, duration of culture, cropping systems, feeding strategies and aeration were shown to significantly affect the economically important parameters of investment costs, yield and feed conversion ratio. Additional work is needed to quantitatively model the effects of multiple parameters and to develop user‐friendly versions to assist catfish farmers in decision making.
Interspecific fish hybrids in Brazil: management of genetic resources for sustainable use
Authors: Hashimoto Diogo T. , Senhorini José A. , Foresti Fausto , Porto‐Foresti Fábio 
Published: June 2012

AbstractSerrasalmid and pimelodid fish hybrids represent important advances for aquaculture in Brazil, but they also constitute serious genetic risks to cultivated and natural populations. Serrasalmid hybrids (‘tambacu’, ‘tambatinga’ and ‘patinga’) result from crosses between Colossoma macropomum, Piaractus mesopotamicus and Piaractus brachypomus. Pimelodid hybrids (‘ponto e vírgula’, ‘cachandiá’ and ‘cachapira’) arise from crosses between Pseudoplatystoma corruscans, Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum, Phractocephalus hemioliopterus and Leiarius marmoratus. The problems associated with hybrids mainly result from inappropriate use because these animals are reproductively compatible with their parental species. This review shows that monitoring of fish hybrids using genetic techniques is necessary for their sustainable development in aquaculture. The genetic technologies used to identify fish hybrids include cytogenetic methods, which are considered to be low cost, and polymerase chain reaction‐based molecular markers, which are associated with high throughput. Therefore, both types of genetic methodologies should be applied in monitoring programs aimed at brood stock management, wild stocks, the trade of hybrid juveniles and processed fish products in markets. Moreover, physical and genetic confinement of hybrids in aquaculture operations will be necessary to avoid the problems posed by these animals. The expected result of these measures will be the production of genetically improved animals by fish farms, allowing the sector to develop further and offering high‐quality animal protein.
Spontaneous non‐rdar mutations increase fitness of Salmonella in plants
Authors: Zaragoza William J. , Noel Jason T. , Teplitski Max 
Published: June 2012

SummaryProliferation of human enteric pathogens within alternate hosts, like plants, leads to temporal changes in gene expression and also selects for the phenotypic variants of the enterics that are presumed to be more fit within plants. Human enteric pathogens recovered from produce‐borne outbreaks exhibit peculiar phenotypes, for example many of them do not display the rdar (red dry and rough) phenotype. The non‐rdar phenotype results from mutations in cellulose and/or curli synthesis or regulation. How often these mutants arise, and whether they are more fit within plants is not entirely clear. We addressed this hypothesis by sequentially passaging the type strain of Salmonella enterica sv. Typhimurium ATCC14028 through tomatoes. Two spontaneous mutants defective in their ability to form red dry and rough colonies were further characterized. Even though attachment of the mutants to tomato surfaces was modestly reduced, they were 5‐ to 50‐fold more competitive than the wild‐type inside tomato fruits. Because the mutants were outcompeted by the wild‐type on common laboratory media, and not in tomatoes, the lack of the rdar phenotype is probably beneficial within tomatoes. Recombinase‐based in vivo expression tests indicate that the agfB and yihT genes were regulated differently in the mutants, although the corresponding mutations cannot fully account for the increased competitive fitness of the mutants. One of the variants has a mutated rpoS, which also reduced the expression of a SPI‐5 effector encoded by sopB. A survey of the Salmonella strains recovered from produce outbreaks revealed that some were similarly non‐rdar, likely containing rpoS mutations. This report indicates that the ‘perfect storm’ scenario, typically used to model outbreaks of produce‐borne gastroenteritis, needs to account for the ability of the pathogen to rapidly evolve and adapt to the crop production environments.
Congenital odontogenic keratocyst in a filly
Authors: Delaunois‐Vanderperren H. 
Published: June 2012

SummaryThis report describes a congenital odontogenic keratocyst in the left mandible of a filly. A definitive diagnosis was only made after histopathological examination. Mandibular cysts of odontogenic and osteogenic origin have been reported in the past but a case of a keratocyst has not been previously reported in the horse.
Complete Genome Sequence of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis Strain Cp267, Isolated from a Llama
Authors: Lopes Thiago , Silva Artur , Thiago Rommel , Carneiro Adriana , Dorella Fernanda Alves , Rocha Flavia Souza , dos Santos Anderson Rodrigues , Lima Alex Ranieri Jerônimo , Guimarães Luis Carlos , Barbosa Eudes G. V. , Ribeiro Dayana , Fiaux Karina Kelly , Diniz Carlos Augusto Almeida , de Abreu Vinicius Augusto Carvalho , de Almeida Sintia Silva , Hassan Syed Shah , Ali Amjad , Bakhtiar Syeda Marriam , Aburjaile Flávia Figueira , Pinto Anne Cybelle , Soares Siomar de Castro , Pereira Ulisses de Padua , Schneider Maria Paula C. , Miyoshi Anderson , Edman Judy , Spier Sharon , Azevedo Vasco 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACT

In this work we report the genome of
Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis
strain 267, isolated from a llama. This pathogen is of great veterinary and economic importance, as it is the cause of caseous lymphadenitis in several livestock species around the world and causes significant losses due to the high cost of treatment.
Genetic Fine Structure of a Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi Strain Associated with the 2005 Outbreak of Typhoid Fever in Kelantan, Malaysia
Authors: Baddam Ramani , Kumar Narender , Thong Kwai-Lin , Ngoi Soo-Tein , Teh Cindy Shuan Ju , Yap Kien-Pong , Chai Lay-Ching , Avasthi Tiruvayipati Suma , Ahmed Niyaz 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACT

Among enteric pathogens,
Salmonella enterica
serovar Typhi is responsible for the largest number of food-borne outbreaks and fatalities. The ability of the pathogen to cause systemic infection for extended durations leads to a high cost of disease control. Chronic carriers play important roles in the evolution of
Salmonella
Typhi; therefore, identification and in-depth characterization of isolates from clinical cases and carriers, especially those from zones of endemicity where the pathogen has not been extensively studied, are necessary. Here, we describe the genome sequence of the highly virulent
Salmonella
Typhi strain BL196/05 isolated during the outbreak of typhoid in Kelantan, Malaysia, in 2005. The whole-genome sequence and comparative genomics of this strain should enable us to understand the virulence mechanisms and evolutionary dynamics of this pathogen in Malaysia and elsewhere.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Purple Photosynthetic Bacterium Phaeospirillum molischianum DSM120, a Particularly Versatile Bacterium
Authors: Duquesne K. , Prima V. , Ji B. , Rouy Z. , Médigue C. , Talla E. , Sturgis J. N. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACT

Here we present the draft genome sequence of the versatile and adaptable purple photosynthetic bacterium
Phaeospirillum molischianum
DSM120. This study advances the understanding of the adaptability of this bacterium, as well as the differences between the
Phaeospirillum
and
Rhodospirillum
genera.