bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of silver nanoparticles as an antimicrobial mediator
Authors: Khaldoun Khadija , Khizar Sumera , Saidi-Besbes Salima , Zine Nadia , Errachid Abdelhamid , Elaissari Abdelhamid 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSilver nanoparticles (AgNPs) become a topic of great research on account of their exemplary properties (optical, electrical, and antimicrobial properties). They have been executed as an exceptional antimicrobial agent having ability to combat microorganism’s in vivo and in vitro causing infections. The antibacterial activity of AgNPs covers Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as multidrug resistant (MDR) strains. AgNPs display manifold and immediate mechanisms of activity and in incorporation with antimicrobial agents as antibiotics or organic compounds, it exhibit synergistic impact against pathogens bacteria. The properties of AgNPs make them appropriate for their usage in healthcare and medical products where they might treat infections or inhibit them competently. A range of approaches to synthesize AgNPs are stated in literature; including physical, biological, and chemical techniques, with a growing need to establish eco-friendly processes. With the imperative need for novel and effective antimicrobial agents, this review intends to establish aspects affecting antimicrobial impacts of AgNPs, as well as to descript the benefits of employing AgNPs as new antimicrobial in different life science applications. This review summarizes synthesis of AgNPs and remarkable implementation of AgNPs dealing with their antimicrobic properties in the field of textile, food industry, agriculture, water treatment, and most importantly in health care sector. Additionally fundamental mechanism by which they implement their antimicrobic activity will also be addressed.
Graphical abstract
Design and application of B-containing hard coatings for high-speed dry cutting against Ti-alloys- A review
Authors: Fang Wei , Tao Langlang , Zhang Benchi , Huang Ju , Cai Fei , Gyawali Gobinda , Zhang Shihong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTitanium alloys have been extensively applied due to their outstanding features, including high specific strength and corrosion resistance. However, the machining of these alloys presents challenges, leading to significant tool wear and reduced tool lifetime, ascribed to the difficult-to-machine features of Ti alloys. In the context of pursuing environmental sustainability and enhanced productivity, high-speed dry-cutting technology coupled with high-quality tool coatings are prospective. This paper comprehensively explores wear patterns and recent advancements in tool coatings for high-speed dry cutting of Ti-alloys. Key coating properties such as resistance to abrasion, adhesion, oxidation, fatigue, hot hardness, and self-adaptability are briefly introduced. Design strategies for enhancing micro-hardness, toughness, and adhesion, including nanocomposite, multilayer, and gradient architectures, are also discussed. Furthermore, the paper highlights several Boron (B) doped hard coatings as promising candidates for high-speed dry cutting against Ti-alloys, exploring the impact of B on microstructure, hardness, thermal stability, oxidation resistance, and lubrication. In summary, this work provides a systematic overview of novel B-doped tool coatings applied in high-speed dry cutting against Ti-alloys.
Depth‐Dependent Anisotropy Along Northwest Segment of the North Anatolian Fault Zone: Evidence for Paleo‐Tectonic Structures Contributing to Overall Complexity
Authors: Keleş Derya , Eken Tuna , Licciardi Andrea , Frederiksen Andrew W. , Taymaz Tuncay 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ) is a prominent tectonic structure with a significant impact on the observed active deformation in Türkiye. Detailed knowledge of the seismic anisotropy in the crust and mantle along this nascent shear deformation zone provides insights into the kinematics associated with past and present tectonic events. We employed teleseismic earthquakes observed by the Dense Array North Anatolia seismic network to map 3‐ D variations in crustal and mantle anisotropy in/around the NW segment of the NAFZ. To achieve this, we first performed a harmonic decomposition analysis of P‐receiver functions. The results were then used as a priori information to conduct an anisotropic receiver function inversion with the Neighborhood Algorithm that enabled imaging of the actual orientation and geometry of anisotropic structures. SKS splitting measurements are further used to make a comparison between the anisotropic behavior of crustal and mantle structures. Crustal anisotropy parameters estimated in our analyses/models well identify the signature of deformation caused by accumulated strain in the earthquake cycle through the strike of shallow cutting faults in the brittle crust beneath the NAFZ. Diffuse intense anisotropic energy at lower crustal depths was attributed to lattice preferred orientation of crystals or partially molten lenses elongated along the shear direction. Strong harmonic energy variations beneath the northern part of the Istanbul Zone likely reflect imprints of LPO‐originated frozen fabric at shallow depths (0–20 km) associated with the palaeotectonic Odessa Shelf, Intra‐Pontide Suture Zones or remnants of the Tethys Ocean.
The 2019 Marine Heatwave at Ocean Station Papa: A Multi‐Disciplinary Assessment of Ocean Conditions and Impacts on Marine Ecosystems
Authors: Kohlman Catherine , Cronin Meghan F. , Dziak Robert , Mellinger David K. , Sutton Adrienne , Galbraith Moira , Robert Marie , Thomson Jim , Zhang Dongxiao , Thompson LuAnne 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn the past decade, two large marine heatwaves (MHWs) formed in the northeast Pacific near Ocean Station Papa (OSP), one of the oldest oceanic time series stations. Physical, biogeochemical, and biological parameters observed at OSP from 2013 to 2020 are used to assess ocean response and potential impacts on marine life from the 2019 northeast Pacific MHW. The 2019 MHW reached peak surface and subsurface temperature anomalies in the summertime and had both coastal, impacting fisheries, and offshore consequences that could potentially affect multiple trophic levels in the Gulf of Alaska. In the Gulf of Alaska, the 2019 MHW was preceded by calm and stratified upper ocean conditions, which preconditioned the enhanced surface warming in late spring and early summer. The MHW coincided with lower dissolved inorganic carbon and higher pH of surface waters relative to the 2013–2020 period. A spike in the summertime chlorophyll followed by a decrease in surface macronutrients suggests increased productivity in the well‐lit stratified upper ocean during summer 2019. More blue whale calls were recorded at OSP in 2019 compared to the prior year. This study shows how the utility of long‐term, continuous oceanographic data sets and analysis with an interdisciplinary lens is necessary to understand the potential impact of MHWs on marine ecosystems.
Exploring Climate‐Disease Connections in Geopolitical Versus Ecological Regions: The Case of West Nile Virus in the United States
Authors: Moser S. Kane , Spencer Julie A. , Barnard Martha , Hyman James M. , Manore Carrie A. , Gorris Morgan E. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMany infectious disease forecasting models in the United States (US) are built with data partitioned into geopolitical regions centered on human activity as opposed to regions defined by natural ecosystems; although useful for data collection and intervention, this has the potential to mask biological relationships between the environment and disease. We explored this concept by analyzing the correlations between climate and West Nile virus (WNV) case data aggregated to geopolitical and ecological regions. We compared correlations between minimum, maximum, and mean annual temperature; precipitation; and annual WNV neuroinvasive disease (WNND) case data from 2005 to 2019 when partitioned into (a) climate regions defined by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and (b) Level I ecoregions defined by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). We found that correlations between climate and WNND in NOAA climate regions and EPA ecoregions were often contradictory in both direction and magnitude, with EPA ecoregions more often supporting previously established biological hypotheses and environmental dynamics underlying vector‐borne disease transmission. Using ecological regions to examine the relationships between climate and disease cases can enhance the predictive power of forecasts at various scales, motivating a conceptual shift in large‐scale analyses from geopolitical frameworks to more ecologically meaningful regions.
USP21-mediated G3BP1 stabilization accelerates proliferation and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via activating Wnt/β-Catenin signaling
Authors: Guo Jiazhong , Zhao Yunpeng , Sui Huacong , Liu Lei , Liu Fanrong , Yang Lingxiao , Gao Fengyuan , Wang Jinfu , Zhu Yilin , Li Lingbing , Song Xiangqing , Li Peng , Tian Zhongxian , Li Peichao , Zhao Xiaogang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLacking effective therapeutic targets heavily restricts the improvement of clinical prognosis for patients diagnosed with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Ubiquitin Specific Peptidase 21 (USP21) is dysregulated in plenty of human cancers, however, its potential function and relevant molecular mechanisms in ESCC malignant progression as well as its value in clinical translation remain largely unknown. Here, in vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that aberrant upregulation of USP21 accelerated the proliferation and metastasis of ESCC in a deubiquitinase-dependent manner. Mechanistically, we found that USP21 binds to, deubiquitinates, and stabilizes the G3BP Stress Granule Assembly Factor 1 (G3BP1) protein, which is required for USP21-mediated ESCC progression. Further molecular studies demonstrated that the USP21/G3BP1 axis played a tumor-promoting role in ESCC progression by activating the Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway. Additionally, disulfiram (DSF), an inhibitor against USP21 deubiquitylation activity, markedly abolished the USP21-mediated stability of G3BP1 protein and significantly displayed an anti-tumor effect on USP21-driving ESCC progression. Finally, the regulatory axis of USP21/G3BP1 was demonstrated to be aberrantly activated in ESCC tumor tissues and closely associated with advanced clinical stages and unfavorable prognoses, which provides a promising therapeutic strategy targeting USP21/G3BP1 axis for ESCC patients.
Language and sensory characteristics are reflected in voice-evoked responses in low birth weight children
Authors: Yoshimura Yuko , Mitani Yusuke , Ikeda Takashi , Tanaka Sanae , Suda Momoka , Yaoi Ken , Hasegawa Chiaki , An Kyung-min , Iwasaki Sumie , Kumazaki Hirokazu , Saito Daisuke N. , Ohta Hidenobu , Ando Akiko , Cho Kazutoshi , Kikuchi Mitsuru , Wada Taizo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Children born with very low birth weight (VLBW) are at higher risk for cognitive impairment, including language deficits and sensorimotor difficulties. Voice-evoked response (P1m), which has been suggested as a language development biomarker in young children, remains unexplored for its efficacy in VLBW children. Furthermore, the relation between P1m and sensory difficulties in VLBW children remains unclear.

Methods
40 children with VLBW were recruited at 5-to-6 years old (26 male, 14 female, mean age of months ± SD, 80.0 ± 4.9). We measured their voice-evoked brain response using child-customized magnetoencephalography (MEG) and examined the relation between P1m and language conceptual inference ability and sensory characteristics.

Results
The final sample comprised 36 children (23 boys, 13 girls; ages 61–86 months; gestational ages 24–36 weeks). As a result of multiple regression analysis, voice-evoked P1m in the left hemisphere was correlated significantly with language ability (β = 0.414 P = 0.015) and sensory hypersensitivity (β = 0.471 P = 0.005).

Conclusion
Our findings indicate that the relation between P1m and language conceptual inference ability observed in term children in earlier studies is replicated in VLBW children, and suggests P1m intensity as a biomarker of sensory sensitivity characteristics.

Impact

We investigated brain functions related to language development and sensory problems in very low birth-weight children.

In very low birth weight children at early school age, brain responses to human voices are associated with language conceptual inference ability and sensory hypersensitivity.

These findings promote a physiological understanding of both language development and sensory characteristics in very low birth weight children.
Development of a differential treatment selection model for depression on consolidated and transformed clinical trial datasets
Authors: Perlman Kelly , Mehltretter Joseph , Benrimoh David , Armstrong Caitrin , Fratila Robert , Popescu Christina , Tunteng Jingla-Fri , Williams Jerome , Rollins Colleen , Golden Grace , Turecki Gustavo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is the leading cause of disability worldwide, yet treatment selection still proceeds via “trial and error”. Given the varied presentation of MDD and heterogeneity of treatment response, the use of machine learning to understand complex, non-linear relationships in data may be key for treatment personalization. Well-organized, structured data from clinical trials with standardized outcome measures is useful for training machine learning models; however, combining data across trials poses numerous challenges. There is also persistent concern that machine learning models can propagate harmful biases. We have created a methodology for organizing and preprocessing depression clinical trial data such that transformed variables harmonized across disparate datasets can be used as input for feature selection. Using Bayesian optimization, we identified an optimal multi-layer dense neural network that used data from 21 clinical and sociodemographic features as input in order to perform differential treatment benefit prediction. With this combined dataset of 5032 individuals and 6 drugs, we created a differential treatment benefit prediction model. Our model generalized well to the held-out test set and produced similar accuracy metrics in the test and validation set with an AUC of 0.7 when predicting binary remission. To address the potential for bias propagation, we used a bias testing performance metric to evaluate the model for harmful biases related to ethnicity, age, or sex. We present a full pipeline from data preprocessing to model validation that was employed to create the first differential treatment benefit prediction model for MDD containing 6 treatment options.
MT1G induces lipid droplet accumulation through modulation of H3K14 trimethylation accelerating clear cell renal cell carcinoma progression
Authors: Wang Sen , Wang Kexin , Yue Dong , Yang Xiaxia , Pan Xiaozao , Kong Feifei , Zhao Rou , Bie Qingli , Tian Dongxing , Zhu Shuqing , He Baoyu , Bin Zhang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Lipid droplet formation is a prominent histological feature in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), but the significance and mechanisms underlying lipid droplet accumulation remain unclear.

Methods
Expression and clinical significance of MT1G in ccRCC were analyzed by using TCGA data, GEO data and scRNASeq data. MT1G overexpression or knockdown ccRCC cell lines were constructed and in situ ccRCC model, lung metastasis assay, metabolomics and lipid droplets staining were performed to explore the role of MT1G on lipid droplet accumulation in ccRCC.

Results
Initially, we observed low MT1G expression in ccRCC tissues, whereas high MT1G expression correlated with advanced disease stage and poorer prognosis. Elevated MT1G expression promoted ccRCC growth and metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, MT1G significantly suppressed acylcarnitine levels and downstream tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle activity, resulting in increased fatty acid and lipid accumulation without affecting cholesterol metabolism. Notably, MT1G inhibited H3K14 trimethylation (H3K14me3) modification. Under these conditions, MT1G-mediated H3K14me3 was recruited to the CPT1B promoter through direct interaction with specific promoter regions, leading to reduced CPT1B transcription and translation.

Conclusions
Our study unveils a novel mechanism of lipid droplet accumulation in ccRCC, where MT1G inhibits CPT1B expression through modulation of H3K14 trimethylation, consequently enhancing lipid droplet accumulation and promoting ccRCC progression.
Regulator of G protein signaling 16 restrains apoptosis in colorectal cancer through disrupting TRAF6-TAB2-TAK1-JNK/p38 MAPK signaling
Authors: Shen Hao , Yuan Jie , Tong Dafeng , Chen Bingchen , Yu Enda , Chen Guanglei , Peng Cheng , Chang Wenjun , E Jifu , Cao Fuao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) remains a major global cause of cancer-related mortality, lacking effective biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Revealing the critical pathogenic factors of CRC and the underlying mechanisms would offer potential therapeutic strategies for clinical application. G protein signaling (RGS) protein family modulators play essential role within regulating downstream signaling of GPCR receptors, with function in cancers unclear. Our study focused on the expression patterns of RGS proteins in CRC, identifying Regulator of G protein signaling 16 (RGS16) as a prospective diagnostic and therapeutic target. Analyzing 899 CRC tissues revealed elevated RGS16 levels, correlating with clinicopathological features and CRC prognosis by immunohistochemistry (IHC) combined with microarray. We confirmed the elevated RGS16 protein level in CRC, and found that patients with RGS16-high tumors exhibited decreased disease-specific survival (DSS) and disease-free survival (DFS) compared to those with low RGS16 expression. Functional assays demonstrated that RGS16 promoted the CRC progression, knockdown of RGS16 led to significantly increased apoptosis rates of CRC in vitro and in vivo. Notably, we also confirmed these phenotypes of RGS16 in organoids originated from resected primary human CRC tissues. Mechanistically, RGS16 restrained JNK/P38-mediated apoptosis in CRC cells through disrupting the recruitment of TAB2/TAK1 to TRAF6. This study provides insights into addressing the challenges posed by CRC, offering avenues for clinical translation.
Multiomics integration-based immunological characterizations of adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma in relation to keratinization
Authors: Xu Chunming , Wu Jie , Ye Jiye , Si Yuancheng , Zhang Jinshi , Wu Bowen , Pan Laisheng , Fu Jun , Ren Quan , Xie Shenhao , Tang Bin , Xiao Yingqun , Hong Tao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAlthough adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP) is a tumour with low histological malignancy, there are very few therapeutic options other than surgery. ACP has high histological complexity, and the unique features of the immunological microenvironment within ACP remain elusive. Further elucidation of the tumour microenvironment is particularly important to expand our knowledge of potential therapeutic targets. Here, we performed integrative analysis of 58,081 nuclei through single-nucleus RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics on ACP specimens to characterize the features and intercellular network within the microenvironment. The ACP environment is highly immunosuppressive with low levels of T-cell infiltration/cytotoxicity. Moreover, tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs), which originate from distinct sources, highly infiltrate the microenvironment. Using spatial transcriptomic data, we observed one kind of non-microglial derived TAM that highly expressed GPNMB close to the terminally differentiated epithelial cell characterized by RHCG, and this colocalization was verified by asmFISH. We also found the positive correlation of infiltration between these two cell types in datasets with larger cohort. According to intercellular communication analysis, we report a regulatory network that could facilitate the keratinization of RHCG+ epithelial cells, eventually causing tumour progression. Our findings provide a comprehensive analysis of the ACP immune microenvironment and reveal a potential therapeutic strategy base on interfering with these two types of cells.
Mathematical biases in the calculation of the Living Planet Index lead to overestimation of vertebrate population decline
Authors: Toszogyova Anna , Smyčka Jan , Storch David 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe Living Planet Index (LPI) measures the average change in population size of vertebrate species over recent decades and has been repeatedly used to assess the changing state of nature. The LPI indicates that vertebrate populations have decreased by almost 70% over the last 50 years. This is in striking contrast with current studies based on the same population time series data that show that increasing and decreasing populations are balanced on average. Here, we examine the methodological pipeline of calculating the LPI to search for the source of this discrepancy. We find that the calculation of the LPI is biased by several mathematical issues which impose an imbalance between detected increasing and decreasing trends and overestimate population declines. Rather than indicating that vertebrate populations do not substantially change, our findings imply that we need better measures for providing a balanced picture of current biodiversity changes. We also show some modifications to improve the reliability of the LPI.
ATM inhibition exploits checkpoint defects and ATM-dependent double strand break repair in TP53-mutant glioblastoma
Authors: Laverty Daniel J. , Gupta Shiv K. , Bradshaw Gary A. , Hunter Alexander S. , Carlson Brett L. , Calmo Nery Matias , Chen Jiajia , Tian Shulan , Sarkaria Jann N. , Nagel Zachary D. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDetermining the balance between DNA double strand break repair (DSBR) pathways is essential for understanding treatment response in cancer. We report a method for simultaneously measuring non-homologous end joining (NHEJ), homologous recombination (HR), and microhomology-mediated end joining (MMEJ). Using this method, we show that patient-derived glioblastoma (GBM) samples with acquired temozolomide (TMZ) resistance display elevated HR and MMEJ activity, suggesting that these pathways contribute to treatment resistance. We screen clinically relevant small molecules for DSBR inhibition with the aim of identifying improved GBM combination therapy regimens. We identify the ATM kinase inhibitor, AZD1390, as a potent dual HR/MMEJ inhibitor that suppresses radiation-induced phosphorylation of DSBR proteins, blocks DSB end resection, and enhances the cytotoxic effects of TMZ in treatment-naïve and treatment-resistant GBMs with TP53 mutation. We further show that a combination of G2/M checkpoint deficiency and reliance upon ATM-dependent DSBR renders TP53 mutant GBMs hypersensitive to TMZ/AZD1390 and radiation/AZD1390 combinations. This report identifies ATM-dependent HR and MMEJ as targetable resistance mechanisms in TP53-mutant GBM and establishes an approach for simultaneously measuring multiple DSBR pathways in treatment selection and oncology research.