bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mental health and well‐being in resident mine workers: Out of the fly‐in fly‐out box
Authors: Mclean Kristy N. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractObjective:  To explore psychosocial issues perceived to impact the mental health and well‐being of resident (non‐fly‐in fly‐out) mine workers at a local mine in regional Queensland.Design:  A descriptive qualitative study using semistructured interviews.Setting:  The research was conducted on‐site at an open‐cut coal mine in regional Queensland.Participants:  Ten miners (nine men) currently employed in workshop, production or supervisory roles.Main outcome measures:  Self‐reported issues affecting psychological well‐being.Results:  Participants' occupation and the surrounding context appeared to have both positive and negative influences on their well‐being. Overall findings could be grouped into four key themes: (i) the importance of relationships; (ii) the impact of lifestyle; (iii) work characteristics; and (iv) mental health attitudes. While not without strains on mental health, in general, participants reported that their current situation was superior to their previous mining jobs. This was attributed to close relationships among locally recruited workers, respect for management practices and rosters that allowed adequate sleep recovery and family time between shifts.Conclusions:  This study is the first to examine mental health and well‐being in non‐fly‐in fly‐out mining populations. It suggests that while some issues appear inherent in the mining occupation, personal and organisational support can help workers have a more positive workplace experience. Further work looking at more extensive comparisons over various mining contexts will greatly assist in the development of programs and support structures for rural and regional mine workers.
Food scarcity, not economic constraint limits consumption in a rural Aboriginal community
Authors: Scelza Brooke A. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractObjective:  To determine whether food scarcity or economic constraint is more strongly associated with purchasing patterns in a rural Aboriginal community.Design:  Store receipts were collected to determine money spent in the community shop across a four‐month period from January to April 2006. Variability in expenditures is then studied using measures of food scarcity (days since shop loading) and economic constraint (days since payday).Setting:  Parnngurr Outstation in the Western Desert of Australia.Main outcome measures:  Daily gross and per‐household gross expenditures at the community shop.Results:  There is a significant association between food scarcity and money spent in the shop (−42.89, confidence interval −62.62 to −23.18, P < 0.001). There is no association between economic constraint and money spent in the shop.Conclusion:  In rural and remote communities, reliable access to food is critical to food security. Circumstantial constraints such as seasonal flooding and political insecurity can augment food access problems and put Aboriginal people at risk of malnutrition and other dietary harms.
In the wake of the 2009 Gippsland fires: Young adults' perceptions of post‐disaster social supports
Authors: Forbes Rouve Jan , Jones Rebecca , Reupert Andrea 
Published: May 2012

AbstractObjective:  To explore young (18–27 years) rural adults' experience of both formal and informal social support networks post‐bushfire. To inform delivery of social support services for young adults post‐bushfire.Design:  Qualitative: semi‐structured, face‐to‐face interviews with transcripts analysed using thematic content analysis.Setting:  Gippsland 2009 flame‐impacted regions: Boolarra and Central Gippsland Black Saturday fire complexes.Participants:  Ten bushfire impacted young adults (18–27 years): six female and four male.Results:  The central theme was the importance of acknowledgement and validation of participants' experience as autonomous individuals. Participants' experience of social supports and networks as either helpful or unhelpful depended on the degree to which the supports delivered enhanced sense of acknowledgement, entitlement, affiliation, informational links, engagement in the recovery process and amelioration of displacement in relation to family, friends, community and environment.Conclusion:  Participants believed that how an individual, community or service provider framed loss had a significant impact on entitlement and how needs were met. Importantly, how society, policy and service providers framed young adults as either adult or adolescent impacts on how their needs were met. This study highlights the need to resituate how loss is viewed and the need for policy and service providers to address the existing nomenclature mismatch and framing of loss so that young adults are not excluded from supports essential to recovery.
Celebrating another decade of progress in rural health: What is the current state of play?
Authors: Humphreys John S. , Gregory Gordon 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe Australian Journal of Rural Health is currently celebrating its 20th anniversary. Following a review of the first decade of rural health published by the authors in 2002, this article outlines and reviews the range of policies that have impacted upon rural health in Australia since then. During the past decade there has been a raft of new policies and programs designed to bring about improved rural health outcomes, and some progress has been made. However, a number of significant barriers to overcoming the rural‐urban health differential remain. Special consideration will continue to be needed to rural affairs generally and to health system reform and rural health in particular.
α‐lipoic acid inhibits high glucose‐induced apoptosis in HIT‐T15 cells
Authors: Yang Yi , Wang Weiping , Liu Yinan , Guo Ting , Chen Ping , Ma Kangtao , Zhou Chunyan 
Published: May 2012

High blood glucose plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetes. α‐lipoic acid (LA) has been used to prevent and treat diabetes, and is thought to act by increasing insulin sensitivity in many tissues. However, whether LA also has a cytoprotective effect on pancreatic islet beta cells remains unclear. In this study, we assessed whether LA could inhibit apoptosis in beta cells exposed to high glucose concentrations. HIT‐T15 pancreatic beta cells were treated with 30 mmol/L glucose in the presence or absence of 0.5 mmol/L LA for 8 days. LA significantly reduced the numbers of apoptotic HIT‐T15 cells and inhibited the cell overgrowth normally induced by high glucose treatment. Additionally, LA inhibited insulin expression and secretion in HIT‐T15 cells induced by high glucose. Further study demonstrated that LA upregulated Pdx1 and Bcl2 gene expression, reduced Bax gene expression, and promoted phosphorylation of Akt in HIT‐T15 cells treated with high glucose. Intriguingly, knockdown of Pdx1 expression partially offset the anti‐apoptotic effect of LA. However, inhibition of Akt by PI3K/AKT antagonist LY294002 only slightly reversed the anti‐apoptosis effect of LA and mildly decreased the gene expression level of Pdx1 (P > 0.05). Moreover, LA only slightly attenuated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and augmented mitochondrial membrane potential. Therefore, our data suggest that α‐lipoic acid can effectively attenuate high glucose‐induced HIT‐T15 cell apoptosis probably by increasing Pdx1 expression. These findings provide a new interpretation on the role of LA in the treatment of diabetes.
Identification of perceived barriers of pain management in Iranian children: A qualitative study
Authors: Namnabati Mahboobeh , Abazari Parvaneh , Talakoub Sedigheh 
Published: May 2012

Namnabati M, Abazari P, Talakoub S. International Journal of Nursing Practice 2012; 18: 221–225Identification of perceived barriers of pain management in Iranian children: A qualitative studyHospitalized children are often inadequately treated for their pain. Paediatric nurses experience these inadequacies more than other health‐care team members. This research was an attempt in the form of a phenomenological study to reveal some major barriers in children pain management as the nurses had perceived. Sixteen nurses were interviewed in the medical, surgical and infectious paediatric wards of a hospital in Iran. Data analysis were based on Colaizzi method that surfaced three main themes in different areas namely: organizational barriers, limitations relating to child's characteristics and barriers relating to the nature of disease and its treatments. The study results have shown organizational limitations added to the lack of authority for administering some medical intervention, inadequate equipment and utilities and unavailability of opioids as the main pain controlling and restricting factors. Additional factors that relate to the child specifications like age, temperament, behaviour, expression and gender affect the assessment and treatment of pain. The results revealed identified barriers in real context. It seems that some guidelines are needed to achieve optimal pain management.
Exploring the meaning of hypoglycaemia to community‐dwelling Singaporean Chinese adults living with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Tan Pamela Shu‐Xian , Chen Hui‐Chen , Taylor Beverley Joan , Hegney Desley Gail 
Published: May 2012

Tan PS‐X, Chen H‐C, Taylor BJ, Hegney DG. International Journal of Nursing Practice 2012; 18: 252–259Exploring the meaning of hypoglycaemia to community‐dwelling Singaporean Chinese adults living with type 2 diabetes mellitusThis study aimed to explore how community‐dwelling Singaporean Chinese adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus experience hypoglycaemia. A qualitative interpretive research design was employed. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with six participants from a Singaporean diabetes specialist outpatient clinic, transcribed verbatim and analysed using qualitative manual thematic analysis. Eight major themes emerged: experiencing symptoms, knowing hypoglycaemia is manageable, using acute measures, using preventative strategies; applying knowledge, identifying causes of hypoglycaemia, forming relationships and working with health‐care professionals. Participants underestimated the impact of hypoglycaemia mainly due to their experiencing mild and infrequent episodes, and knowledge deficits. Health‐care professionals' roles were limited to information providers, and they were perceived as detached and impersonal. Theimplications are that health‐care professionals need to provide more client‐focused education, and improve the quality of their interpersonal relationships to ensure shared decision‐making with their clients.
Australian registered and enrolled nurses: Is there a difference?
Authors: Jacob Elisabeth , Sellick Kenneth , McKenna Lisa 
Published: May 2012

Jacob E, Sellick K, McKenna L. International Journal of Nursing Practice 2012; 18: 303–307Australian registered and enrolled nurses: Is there a difference?There are two categories of nurse registered to practise in Australia, the degree‐educated registered nurse and the certificate/diploma trained enrolled nurse (EN). While it is argued that the roles of the two categories of nurse in Australia are different, recent changes to the educational preparation and supervision requirements of ENs have narrowed these differences. This paper examines the existing literature to determine the perceived differences and similarities between registered and ENs in Australia. Differences identified included registration requirements, educational preparation, supervisory requirements and role expectation. Further research needs to be undertaken to examine the educational preparation of registered and ENs in order to obtain a greater understanding of role expectations on graduation. Supervision processes also require reviewing to demonstrate differences between indirect supervision and independent practice for ENs.
A structured telephonic counselling to promote the exclusive breastfeeding of healthy babies aged zero to six months: A pilot study
Authors: Simonetti Valentina , Palma Elisabetta , Giglio Antonella , Mohn Angelika , Cicolini Giancarlo 
Published: May 2012

Simonetti V, Palma E, Giglio A, Mohn A, Cicolini G. International Journal of Nursing Practice 2012; 18: 289–294A structured telephonic counselling to promote the exclusive breastfeeding of healthy babies aged zero to six months: A pilot studyThis pilot study aimed to test the effectiveness of a structured telephonic counselling (STC) on exclusive breastfeeding (EB) on healthy babies. The study was carried out on 114 primiparous women from February to March 2009. After randomization, women were divided into two groups: 55 receiving STC and 59 receiving conventional counselling. At 1, 3 and 5 months after delivery, a nurse specialist evaluated the EB rates, the influence of mother's educational level and employment status on EB. Breastfeeding rates in STC were higher compared to conventional counselling (P < 0.01); resuming work was not an EB discouraging variable as 74.5% women in the STC resumed work vs. 54.2% of the conventional counselling. Breastfeeding promotion should start during pregnancy, advising women about benefits for the child in receiving human milk. STC should be used to improve EB in primiparous women.
Assessing undergraduate nursing and midwifery students' compliance with hand hygiene by self‐report
Authors: Gül Asiye , Üstündağ Hülya , Zengin Neriman 
Published: May 2012

Gül A, Üstündağ H, Zengin N. International Journal of Nursing Practice 2012; 18: 275–280Assessing undergraduate nursing and midwifery students' compliance with hand hygiene by self‐reportThe aim of the study was to assess undergraduate nursing and midwifery students' hand hygiene (HH) compliance. The questionnaire included questions about HH behaviours and compliance during patient care, and Fulkerson scale was used to relate HH to cleanliness of various activities. 57.4% of them reported that they used liquid soap for HH. 18.6% of them did not dry their hands after washing. 65.9% of them said that they performed HH when passing from one patient to another. HH rates were 80.7% after removing gloves. The first six activities on the Fulkerson scale were described as ‘clean’; most of the students assessed the third, fourth, fifth and sixth activities as ‘dirty’. Compliance with HH was high for all dirty and clean activities. Self‐report method indicates compliance with HH which was an easy and inexpensive way to provide the information on HH.
Pediatric surgery triage: Problems and improvements
Authors: Ukiyama Etsuji , Nirasawa Yuji , Watanabe Yoshiko , Makino Atsushi , Masuko Kentaro , Mochizuki Tomohiro , Ito Yasuo 
Published: May 2012

AbstractBackground:  The Canadian Paediatric Triage and Acuity Scale (P‐CTAS) is used and modified at hospitals as a triage tool for pediatric patients before they are seen in emergency rooms. Pediatric surgery patients account for very few of the many patients in emergency departments, but they should be triaged as emergency or urgent because they might be candidates for surgery. Problems with and improvements for triaging pediatric surgery patients using the P‐CTAS were studied.Methods:  This retrospective study evaluated all patients <16 years old who visited the emergency department of Kyorin University Hospital during an approximately 4 year period between 1 May 2005, and 11 February 2009. Pediatric surgery patients were divided into two groups to evaluate the efficiency of P‐CTAS triage. Patients who needed emergency treatment were in group A, and the others were in group B.Results:  Most group A patients were level I, II, or III (97%, 111/114). In contrast, 60% (71/119) of group B patients were level IV or greater. Some problems with and suggestions for the P‐CTAS were identified. Many patients with trauma were under 1 year of age, and many with a foreign body were under 2 years of age. Age categories should be added for patients with trauma or foreign body aspiration. Patients with abdominal pain, and without anal bleeding or vomiting who are >2 years old are triaged as level IV and they accounted for 12% of patients with possible intussusception in this study. A category of ‘possible intussusception’ should be made for level II. Most patients with acute scrotum, whether operated on or not, were level III. ‘Red or purple color of scrotal skin’ and/or ‘within 6 h from onset’ could be added to level II for patients with acute scrotum.Conclusions:  P‐CTAS worked well for pediatric surgery patients, and it needs to be modified and improved for such patients based on these results.
Evidence‐Based Clinical Practice Guideline for Renal Cell Carcinoma: The Japanese Urological Association 2011 update
Authors: Fujioka Tomoaki , Obara Wataru ,   the Committee for Establishment of the Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Renal Cell Carcinoma and the Japanese Urological Association
Published: May 2012

AbstractRemarkable advances have been made in medical practice in relation to renal cell carcinoma in recent years, and a large amount of new evidence has been accumulated. In keeping with the plan at the time the first version of the “Evidence‐Based Clinical Practice Guideline for Renal Cell Carcinoma” compiled by the Japanese Urological Association was published in 2007, the Japanese Urological Association has just published a revised 2011 version. The main revisions regard the selection of treatment methods according to prognostic factors, reconsideration of treatment methods for small‐diameter renal cell carcinoma and selection criteria for medical treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma, including selection of neoadjuvant treatment with molecular targeted medicines. This Guideline presents clinical practice methods that are thought to be the most standard methods in Japan at the present time. In this English translation of a shortened version of the original Guideline, we cited particularly important clinical questions and references.
Nest‐site selection by crocodiles at a rocky site in the Australian tropics: Making the best of a bad lot
Authors: SOMAWEERA RUCHIRA , SHINE RICHARD 
Published: May 2012

AbstractMost animals select nest sites non‐randomly, reflecting benefits of specific locations or incubation conditions for offspring viability as well as risks or costs to the reproducing adult. If few or no available nest sites offer suitable conditions, we expect animals to make the best of a bad lot, by selecting nest sites that provide the best conditions available. In tropical north‐western Australia, freshwater crocodiles (Crocodylus johnstoni: Crocodylidae) in a large artificial lake (Lake Argyle) experience this challenge: the types of nest sites used by this species in other parts of its range (moist, shaded sandy soils, far from the water's edge) are scarce. Measurements of 89 crocodile nests and 89 test holes (abandoned attempts at nesting) at Lake Argyle, and 28 nests on the nearby Ord River, show that most areas along the lakeshore are too steep and rocky for nesting. Crocodiles at the lake therefore are forced to nest at sites that are sun‐exposed, in dry gravelly substrates, and close to the water's edge. Comparisons of test holes and actual nests within such areas show that nesting crocodiles actively select sites that are less rocky, are suitable hydrically, and that provide stable thermal regimes. Those hydric and thermal attributes allow successful development of the offspring. The ability of freshwater crocodiles in Lake Argyle to flexibly modify their nest‐site selection criteria, under severe constraints enforced by this open rocky landscape, are critical to the species' success in exploiting the opportunity created by the dam's construction.
Visual and auditory cue integration for the generation of saccadic eye movements in monkeys and lever pressing in humans
Authors: Schiller Peter H. , Kwak Michelle C. , Slocum Warren M. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThis study examined how effectively visual and auditory cues can be integrated in the brain for the generation of motor responses. The latencies with which saccadic eye movements are produced in humans and monkeys form, under certain conditions, a bimodal distribution, the first mode of which has been termed express saccades. In humans, a much higher percentage of express saccades is generated when both visual and auditory cues are provided compared with the single presentation of these cues [H. C. Hughes et al. (1994) J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform., 20, 131–153]. In this study, we addressed two questions: first, do monkeys also integrate visual and auditory cues for express saccade generation as do humans and second, does such integration take place in humans when, instead of eye movements, the task is to press levers with fingers? Our results show that (i) in monkeys, as in humans, the combined visual and auditory cues generate a much higher percentage of express saccades than do singly presented cues and (ii) the latencies with which levers are pressed by humans are shorter when both visual and auditory cues are provided compared with the presentation of single cues, but the distribution in all cases is unimodal; response latencies in the express range seen in the execution of saccadic eye movements are not obtained with lever pressing.
Barron’s most respected companies
Authors: Filbeck Greg , Gorman Raymond , Zhao Xin 
Published: May 2012

AbstractIn this study, we investigate the performance of firms selected to Barron’s Most Respected Companies against the S&P 500 and a matched sample over a short‐term, long‐term and operational basis. The most respected companies exhibit a statistically significant announcement effect associated with their selection and outperform the S&P 500 over longer‐holding periods. The overall sample and those firms identified as top picks outperform a matched sample of firms. In addition, as measured by changes in the return on assets, the post‐selection operational performance of the most respected firms was better than that of the matched firms.
Identification of systemic responses in soybean nodulation by xylem sap feeding and complete transcriptome sequencing reveal a novel component of the autoregulation pathway
Authors: Reid Dugald E. , Hayashi Satomi , Lorenc Michal , Stiller Jiri , Edwards David , Gresshoff Peter M. , Ferguson Brett J. 
Published: May 2012

SummaryEstablishment of the nitrogen‐fixing nodulation symbiosis between legumes and rhizobia requires plant‐wide reprogramming to allow infection and development of nodules. Nodulation is regulated principally via a mechanism called autoregulation of nodulation (AON). AON is dependent on shoot and root factors and is maintained by the nodulation autoregulation receptor kinase (NARK) in soybean. We developed a bioassay to detect root‐derived signalling molecules in xylem sap of soybean plants which may function in AON. The bioassay involves feeding of xylem extracts via the cut hypocotyl of soybean seedlings and monitoring of molecular markers of AON in the leaf. Transcript abundance changes occurring in the leaf in response to feeding were used to determine the biological activity of the extracts. To identify transcript abundance changes that occur during AON, which may also be used in the bioassay, we used an RNA‐seq‐based transcriptomics approach. We identified changes in the leaves of bioassay plants fed with xylem extracts derived from eitherBradyrhizobium japonicum‐inoculated or uninoculated plants. Differential expression responses were detected for genes involved in jasmonic acid metabolism, pathogenesis and receptor kinase signalling. We identified an inoculation‐ and NARK‐dependent candidate gene (GmUFD1a) that responds in both the bioassay and intact, inoculated plants.GmUFD1ais a component of the ubiquitin‐dependent protein degradation pathway and provides new insight into the molecular responses occurring during AON. It may now also be used in our feeding bioassay as a molecular marker to assist in identifying the factors contributing to the systemic regulation of nodulation.