bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic Review of Physical Activity Interventions Implemented with American Indian and Alaska Native Populations in the United States and Canada
Authors: Teufel-Shone Nicolette I. , Fitzgerald Carrie , Teufel-Shone Louis , Gamber Michelle 
Published: June 2010

Objective. To describe physical activity (PA) interventions implemented in American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) populations in the United States and Canada. Data Sources. MEDLINE, PubMed, ERIC, and Sociological Abstracts were used to identify peer-reviewed journal articles. Dissertation abstracts, Web sites, and conference proceedings were searched to identify descriptions within the gray literature from 1986 to 2006. Study Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria. The target population had to be described as AI/AN, aboriginal, native Hawaiian, and/or native U.S. Samoan. PA interventions among indigenous populations of Latin America were not included. Data Extraction. Descriptions of 64 different AI/AN PA interventions (28 peer-reviewed journal articles and 36 in the gray literature) were identified. Data Synthesis. Data were synthesized by geographic region, intervention strategy, target audience, activities, and sustainability. Results. Most interventions were conducted in the southwest United States (35.4%), in reservation communities (72%), and among participants 18 years and younger (57.8%). Forty-one percent of the 27 interventions with evaluation components reported significant changes in health, behavior, or knowledge. Conclusions. Effective AI/AN PA interventions demonstrated impact on individual health and community resources. Program sustainability was linked to locally trained personnel, local leadership, and stable funding. Culturally acceptable and scientifically sound evaluation methods that can be implemented by local personnel are needed to assess the health and social impact of many long-running AI/AN PA interventions.
Measuring Salt Consumption to Guide Behavior Change in Applied Settings: A Critical Review
Authors: Parkington Sandra R. , Roussos Stergios 
Published: June 2010

Objective. A critical review of the accuracy of salt consumption measurement can enhance future dietary sodium interventions. Data Source. A review of the measures of salt consumption was conducted with a focus on the measurement that may facilitate behavior modification. Measures were critiqued for factors known to threaten the validity of behavioral measurement in applied settings. Study Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria. The review included observational, interventional, and measurement studies that used at least one measure of behavior indicative of salt consumption. Data Extraction. Eighteen articles were retrieved by examining their definitions of salt consumption to ensure a measurement of behavior and a discussion of factors known to influence behavior and its measurement. Data Synthesis. Articles meeting the above criteria were critically reviewed for factors related to a valid measurement of behavior: participant and setting characteristics, measurement definitions, and measurement procedures. Results. The results indicate that imprecise definitions of salt consumption and insensitive measurement tools limit valid measurement of salt-eating behaviors. Conclusions. Further research is needed to improve the specificity of measures of behaviors that are indicative of salt consumption and to produce tools that clinicians and patients may use for more accurate, and possibly real-time, salt consumption measurement. The increasing burden of cardiovascular disease in the aging U.S. population demands better methods to assess and subsequently control salt consumption in applied settings.
Paths to Leisure Physical Activity among Adults with Intellectual Disabilities: Self-Efficacy and Social Support
Authors: Peterson Jana J. , Lowe John B. , Peterson N. Andrew , Nothwehr Faryle K. , Janz Kathleen F. , Lobas Jeffrey G. 
Published: June 2010

Purpose. This study tested a path model that included perceptions of social support and self-efficacy for leisure physical activity and leisure physical activity participation among adults with intellectual disabilities. Design. A cross-sectional design was used. Data was collected via oral interview. Setting. Community-based group, supported-living settings in one Midwestern state. Sample. A total of 152 adults with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities, which provided a 39% response rate. Measures. Self-efficacy and social support (from family, residential staff, and peers with disabilities) for leisure physical activity were assessed using self-reported scales. Leisure physical activity participation was measured with a self-reported checklist of the frequency of leisure physical activity participation. Analysis. Path analysis was conducted for the entire sample and was repeated for younger and older age groups. Results. The hypothesized model fit the data from each group. Social support and self-efficacy predicted physical activity participation, and self-efficacy served as a mediator between social support and physical activity. Significant sources of social support differed between groups; among younger participants, social support from family predicted physical activity, whereas, for the older group, social support from staff and peers predicted physical activity. Conclusion. Self-efficacy and social support for leisure physical activity are related to leisure physical activity participation among adults with intellectual disabilities who are receiving supported-living services. The results provide information to guide health promotion programs for this group.
Associations between General Parenting Styles and Specific Food-Related Parenting Practices and Children's Food Consumption
Authors: Vereecken Carine , Legtest Erwin , De Bourdeaudhuij Ilse , Maes Lea 
Published: June 2010

Purpose. Explore the impact of general parenting style and specific food-related parenting practices on children's dietary habits. Design. Cross-sectional study of sixth graders and their parents. Setting. Data were gathered (in 2003) in 69 of 100 randomly selected elementary schools in Belgium. Subjects. All sixth graders (N = 1957) were invited to participate; 82.4% of their parents gave consent and completed questionnaires, resulting in 1614 parent-child pairs. Measures. Children's consumption of breakfast, fruit, vegetables, soft drinks, and sweets was assessed by self-administered food frequency questionnaires. Parents completed questionnaires on sociodemographic characteristics, general parenting styles (authoritarian, authoritative, indulgent, or neglecting) and specific food-related parenting practices (pressure, reward, encouragement through negotiation, catering on children's demands, permissiveness, avoiding negative modeling, and praise). Analysis. Logistic regression analyses were performed, with general parenting style and specific food-related parenting practices as predictors and dietary habits as dependent variables, controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and children's weight status. Results. General parenting style did not show any significant impact on dietary habits. In contrast, the food-related parenting practice “encouragement through negotiation” showed a significant positive impact, whereas “pressure,” “catering on demand,” and “permissiveness” were practices with an unhealthy impact. Conclusion. Nutrition education programs that guide parents in firm but not coercive food parenting skills are likely to have a positive impact upon children's dietary habits.
Understanding Screen-Related Sedentary Behavior and its Contributing Factors among School-Aged Children: A Social-Ecologic Exploration
Authors: He Meizi , Harris Stewart , Piche Leonard , Beynon Charlene 
Published: June 2010

Purpose. To explore the factors that contribute to children's screen-related sedentary (S-RS) behaviors. Settings. Elementary schools. Subjects. A random sample of children in grades five and six and their parents. Measures. The outcome measure was children's S-RS activity level measured by a self-administered questionnaire. A full spectrum of potential contributing factors for children's S-RS behaviors was obtained through surveys. Multilevel linear regression methods were used to determine the associations between these factors and children's screen time (hours per day) and results were expressed as regression coefficients (g). Results. Of 955 child-parent pairs in 14 participating schools, 508 pairs (53%) completed the surveys. At an intrapersonal level, protective factors included being a girl (g = − .71); belonging to a sports team inside (g = −.56) or outside (g = −.49) of school; having a negative attitude toward S-RS activities (g = −.13); and having a positive attitude toward physical activity (g = −.48). At the interpersonal and social levels, parental leisure S-RS behaviors (g = .32) were positively associated, whereas strict parental rules on computer use (g = −.27) and family income (g = −.32) were inversely correlated with S-RS behavior. At the environmental level, the presence of TVs in children's bedrooms (g = .44) and owning videogame devices (g = .58) increased the risk of S-RS behaviors, whereas after school programs (g = −.86) and schools' participation in the Turn Off the Screen Week campaign (g = −.91) decreased the risk. Conclusions. Public health interventions should target multilevel factors, including increasing children's awareness, promoting parental involvement in healthy lifestyle pursuits, and creating less screenogenic environments.
Adapting a 1% or Less Milk Campaign for a Hispanic/Latino Population: The Adelante Con Leche Semi-Descremada 1% Experience
Authors: Hinkle Arnell J. , Mistry Ritesh , McCarthy William J. , Yancey Antronette K. 
Published: June 2010

Purpose. Describe and evaluate a media campaign to encourage 1% or nonfat milk consumption. Design. Uncontrolled pre/post test. Setting. One largely rural (Santa Paula) and one urban (East Los Angeles) California community. Subjects. Community residents and milk vendors in primarily low-income Latino/Hispanic communities. Intervention. The “1% or Less” milk campaign, which promotes substitution of 2% fat or whole milk with 1% or less fat milk was adapted and implemented. Measures. Comparison of post-campaign milk sales with pre-campaign sales. Analysis. Chi-square tests of independence used to compare precampaign and postcampaign sales. Results. There were decreases in the proportion of whole milk sold and increases in the proportion of reduced-fat, low-fat, and nonfat milk sold in the weeks following each campaign (Santa Paula: p = .0165; East Los Angeles: p < .0001). However, follow-up data from East Los Angeles suggest that these changes were not sustained. The proportions of the different units of milk sold also changed in the weeks following each campaign (p < .0001). Sales of whole milk gallon units decreased from 36.3% to 28.4% in Santa Paula, and from 43.5% to 10.2% in East Los Angeles. Conclusion. Highly focused campaigns to promote substitution of high-fat milk with low-fat or nonfat milk can show dramatic initial changes in sales patterns. However, whether such campaigns can have a sustained impact in largely Latino/Hispanic communities is not evident.
Safety of Strength Training in Premenopausal Women: Musculoskeletal Injuries from a Two-Year Randomized Trial
Authors: Warren Meghan , Schmitz Kathryn H. 
Published: June 2010

Purpose. The health benefits of strength training must be weighed against risks, including injuries. A prior study observed 4.2 injuries that limited usual activities for a day per 1000 strength training sessions among men and women. The analysis herein explores the incidence rates of musculoskeletal injuries from strength training in women. Design. Randomized controlled trial. Setting. Free-living community. Subjects. A total of 163 injury-free, overweight, sedentary, premenopausal women aged 25 to 44 years. Intervention. Two years of strength training (n = 81) or standard care (n = 82). The intervention followed published guidelines (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services) with hypothesized injury prevention strategies. Measures. An injury survey was administered at years 1 and 2. Injury was defined as physical activity or strength training associated injuries that limited daily activities for 1 week or more. Denominators for rate calculation were accelerometer-measured physical activity and strength training attendance (strength training only). The between-group probability of injuries was assessed using generalized estimating equations. Results. Injury incidence rates were higher in strength training compared with standard care. In strength training the injury rates were 3.6 per 1000 strength training sessions (95% confidence interval: 2.5–4.8 per 1000) for physical activity-related injuries, and 2.6 per 1000 (95% confidence interval: 1.5–3.6 per 1000) for strength training-related injuries. Conclusions. Injury rates varied by definition and denominator. Strength training had lower injury rates than previously reported, providing preliminary support for the prevention strategies. The finding of strength training injuries underscores the need for balancing the benefits against the potential risks of this exercise modality.
Are Patterns of Health Behavior Associated with Cancer Screening?
Authors: Meissner Helen I. , Yabroff K. Robin , Dodd Kevin W. , Leader Amy E. , Ballard-Barbash Rachel , Berrigan David 
Published: June 2010

Purpose. This study investigates the relationship between patterns of health behaviors and the use of cancer-screening tests while controlling for sociodemographic and health system factors. Design. Cross-sectional analysis of the 2000 National Health Interview (NHIS). Setting. Nationally representative sample. Subjects. Adults 50 years and older. Measures. Use of cancer-screening tests, health behaviors, sociodemographic factors, and health system factors from self-reported responses from the NHIS. Sixteen health behavior patterns were identified based on lifestyle recommendations for physical activity, tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and fruit and vegetable consumption. Results. Health behavior patterns, age, educational attainment, usual source of care, and health insurance were significantly associated with the use of breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening (p < .05). Approximate B2 for the four models ranged from .067 for colorectal cancer screening in women to .122 for cervical cancer screening. Having a usual source of care was the strongest correlate of screening; the magnitude of associations for health behavior patterns and demographic variables and screening was similar and much smaller than those for usual source of care. Conclusion. These findings demonstrate relationships between patterns of multiple health behaviors and use of recommended cancer-screening tests, even when accounting for factors known to influence test use. This suggests potential for addressing cancer screening in the context of multiple behavior change interventions once barriers to health care access are removed.
U.S. Consumer Demand for Restaurant Calorie Information: Targeting Demographic and Behavioral Segments in Labeling Initiatives
Authors: Kolodinsky Jane , Reynolds Travis William , Cannella Mark , Timmons David , Bromberg Daniel 
Published: June 2010

Purpose. To identify different segments of U.S. consumers based on food choices, exercise patterns, and desire for restaurant calorie labeling. Design. Using a stratified (by region) random sample of the U.S. population, trained interviewers collected data for this cross-sectional study through telephone surveys. Setting. Center for Rural Studies U.S. national health survey. Subjects. The final sample included 580 responses (22% response rate); data were weighted to be representative of age and gender characteristics of the U.S. population. Measures. Self-reported behaviors related to food choices, exercise patterns, desire for calorie information in restaurants, and sample demographics. Analysis. Clusters were identified using Schwartz Bayesian criteria. Impacts of demographic characteristics on cluster membership were analyzed using bivariate tests of association and multinomial logit regression. Results. Cluster analysis revealed three clusters based on respondents' food choices, activity levels, and desire for restaurant labeling. Two clusters, comprising three quarters of the sample, desired calorie labeling in restaurants. The remaining cluster opposed restaurant labeling. Demographic variables significantly predicting cluster membership included region of residence (p < .10), income (p < .05), gender (p < .01), and age (p < .10). Conclusions. Though limited by a low response and potential self-reporting bias in the phone survey, this study suggests that several groups are likely to benefit from restaurant calorie labeling. Specific demographic clusters could be targeted through labeling initiatives.
Connecting Children to Recreational Activities: Results of a Cluster Randomized Trial
Authors: McNeil Deborah A. , Wilson Brenda N. , Siever Jodi E. , Ronca Margie , Mah Jean K. 
Published: June 2010

Purpose. Identify if outreach support increases school-aged children's participation in recreational activities. Design. Cluster randomized trial. Setting. Sixteen schools in economically vulnerable neighborhoods were randomized to either an intervention or control group. Subjects. Children in grades 3 to 5 and their families were invited to participate. Intervention. Children in intervention schools were assigned a “connector” (outreach worker) to facilitate participation in recreation activities. Measures. The Children's Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment (CAPE) was the primary measure at baseline, middle, and end of 1 year. Demographics, body mass index, child physical and psychosocial health, coordination, and self-esteem were measured. Analysis. A generalized linear model was used to test differences between intervention and control groups. Results. Three hundred and sixty children enrolled, and 306 (85 %) completed the study. A greater proportion of children in the intervention group compared with the control group increased participation in physical activity (21 % vs. 10%, p = .02). Children who increased their activity were more likely to have higher levels of contact with the connectors (31 % vs. 8%, p = .001). Study limitations included (I) 29% of eligible families participated, (2) first use of the CAPE instrument as a longitudinal measure, and (3) connectors were not blinded to group assignment. Conclusion. Children living in vulnerable neighborhoods benefit from outreach workers to connect them with physical activity programs.
3 For Life: A Model Pilot Program to Prevent Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Liver Cancer in Asian and Pacific Islander Americans
Authors: Chang Ellen T. , Sue Eric , Zola Janet , So Samuel K. 
Published: June 2010

Purpose. 3 For Life aims to increase hepatitis B virus (HBV) awareness and reduce the high prevalence of undiagnosed chronic HBV infection and susceptibility among Asian/Pacific Islander (API) adults. Design. This pilot program offered low-cost HBV vaccination with free HBV testing targeted primarily at foreign-born Chinese adults. Setting. Semimonthly screening and vaccination clinics were held in San Francisco, California, for 1 year. Subjects. A total of 1206 adults accessed the program. Intervention. Participants paid a discounted fee for a full vaccine series against HBV, hepatitis A virus (HAV), or both. Participants also provided blood samples for HBV serologic testing. Test results, recommendations, and appointment reminders were provided by mail. Measures. We compared the probability of completing a recommended vaccine series by HBV serologic status and sociodemographic characteristics. Analysis. Proportions were compared using multivariate logistic regression models. Results. Nine percent of adults were chronically infected with HBV, and 53% were unprotected. In the latter group, 85% completed the HBV vaccine series. The probability of completing a recommended hepatitis vaccine series was similar across most sociodemographic groups, with slightly higher completion rates among middle-aged and Chinese participants. Conclusions. Lessons learned from this pilot program have been used toward successful replication in other cities, demonstrating that 3 For Life is an accessible, affordable, reproducible, and sustainable model to increase HBV awareness, testing, and prevention among API adults.
Reported Exposure to Pro-Tobacco Messages in the Media: Trends among Youth in the United States, 2000–2004
Authors: Duke Jennifer C. , Allen Jane Appleyard , Pederson Linda L. , Mowery Paul D. , Xiao Haijun , Sargent James D. 
Published: June 2010

Purpose. Document changes from 2000 to 2004 in youth reports of exposure to pro-tobacco messages in the mass media, including images of smoking and tobacco advertising. Design. Comparison of cross-sectional data from three waves of the school-based National Youth Tobacco Surveys conducted in 2000 (N = 33,772), 2002 (N = 23,439), and 2004 (N = 23,540). Setting. Public and private middle schools and high schools across the United States. Subjects. Students in grades 6 through 12. Measures. Smoking status; exposure to images of smoking on television and in movies; exposure to advertisements for tobacco products in stores, on the Internet, and in newspapers and magazines; demographic data. Results. Youth exposure to pro-tobacco messages declined within all media channels studied from 2000 to 2004, except the Internet. Despite these declines, most youth in the United States remain exposed to pro-tobacco messages: 81% saw images of smoking on television or in movies (down from 90%), 85% saw tobacco ads in stores (down from 88%), 50% saw tobacco ads in newspapers and magazines (down from 66%), and 33% saw tobacco ads on the Internet (up from 22%). Conclusion. Despite recent progress in this area, most youth in the United States are still at increased risk of smoking as a result of exposure to pro-tobacco messages in the mass media.
Neighborhood Retail Food Environment and Fruit and Vegetable Intake in a Multiethnic Urban Population
Authors: Zenk Shannon N. , Lachance Laurie L. , Schulz Amy J. , Mentz Graciela , Kannan Srimathi , Ridella William 
Published: June 2010

Purpose. To examine relationships between the neighborhood food environment and fruit and vegetable intake in a multiethnic urban population. Design. Analysis of cross-sectional survey and observational data. Setting. One hundred forty-six neighborhoods within three large geographic communities of Detroit, Michigan. Subjects. Probability sample of 919 African-American, Latino, and white adults. Measures. The dependent variable was mean daily fruit and vegetable servings, as measured by using a modified Block 98 food frequency questionnaire. Independent variables included the neighborhood food environment: store availability (i.e., large grocery, specialty, convenience, liquor, small grocery), supermarket proximity (i.e., street-network distance to nearest chain grocer), and perceived and observed neighborhood fresh fruit and vegetable supply (i.e., availability, variety, quality, affordability). Analysis. Weighted, multilevel regression. Results. Presence of a large grocery store in the neighborhood was associated with, on average, 0.69 more daily fruit and vegetable servings in the full sample. Relationships between the food environment and fruit and vegetable intake did not differ between whites and African-Americans. However, Latinos, compared with African-Americans, who had a large grocery store in the neighborhood consumed 2.20 more daily servings of fruits and vegetables. Presence of a convenience store in the neighborhood was associated with 1.84 fewer daily fruit and vegetable servings among Latinos than among African-Americans. Conclusion. The neighborhood food environment influences fruit and vegetable intake, and the size of this relationship may vary for different racial/ethnic subpopulations.