bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences in Career and Life Planning Between African American and Caucasian Undergraduate Women
Authors: Booth Caroline S. , Myers Jane E. 
Published: December 2011

Women, especially African American women, have traditionally been in low‐paying careers. This exploratory study examined how career aspirations are affected by future career and family plans. Results revealed that African American undergraduate women had higher career aspirations than Caucasian undergraduate women and also planned for multiple roles in the future.Las mujeres, sobre todo las mujeres Afroamericanas, han desarrollado tradicionalmente sus carreras en trabajos de menor remuneración. Este estudio exploratorio examinó cómo las aspiraciones de carrera son afectadas por los planes futuros de carrera y familia. Los resultados revelaron que las estudiantes universitarias Afroamericanas tenían aspiraciones de carrera más elevadas que las estudiantes Caucásicas, y también planeaban tener múltiples roles en el futuro.
Family Therapy in Iran: A Case Study of Obsessive‐Compulsive Disorder
Authors: Khodayarifard Mohammad , McClenon James 
Published: December 2011

Iranian clinical psychologists have devised family therapy methods that use cognitive behavior models that fit with their collectivist Islamic culture. The authors review Islamic‐based strategies and describe family therapy with a culturally specific case of childhood obsessive‐compulsive disorder. Family therapy, adapted to integrated, religious‐based cognitive behavior therapy seems appropriate for clients who are served in Iran.Los psicólogos clínicos iraníes han ideado métodos de terapia de familia que emplean modelos cognitivo‐conductuales que se ajustan a su cultura colectivista islámica. Los autores examinan estrategias basadas en el Islam y describen la terapia de familia con un caso culturalmente específico de trastorno obsesivo compulsivo en la niñez. La terapia de familia, adaptada a una terapia integrada cognitivo‐conductual basada en la religión, parece apropiada para clientes tratados en Irán.
Voices of Family Therapy Doctoral Students of Color: Aspirations and Factors Influencing Careers in Academia
Authors: Miller John K. , Stone Dana J. 
Published: December 2011

The authors examined factors influencing career aspirations of doctoral students of color in family therapy doctoral programs across the country, with a special focus on careers in the professoriate. Qualitative interviews were conducted with students at varying levels of degree completion. Respondents discussed barriers to careers in academia as well as suggestions for overcoming these barriers.Los autores examinaron los factores que influyen en las aspiraciones de carrera de estudiantes de color en programas de doctorado en terapia de familia por todo el país, con un enfoque especial hacia las carreras en profesorado. Se llevaron a cabo entrevistas cualitativas con estudiantes en distintos puntos previos a la conclusión del programa. Los participantes comentaron las barreras para el acceso a carreras en el mundo académico, así como sugerencias para superar esas barreras.
THE ROLE OF THE MANPOWER COUNSELOR AS PERCEIVED BY EMPLOYMENT SERVICE PERSONNEL AND COUNSELOR EDUCATORS
Authors: Mezzano Joseph 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThis study investigated how manpower counselors, district office supervisors, and counselor educators in the state of Wisconsin perceive the role of the manpower counselor. Questionnaires were mailed to the 26 district office supervisors, to 26 manpower counselors—one from each district—and to 11 counselor educators. Analysis of the data reveals that the perceptions of each group are quite similar. However, the rankings produced an “ideal” rather than a “real” picture. It is suggested that a concentrated and combined effort be made to make the “ideal” “real.”
The Polyvalent Counselor
Authors: LOCKE DON C. 
Published: December 2011

Employment counselors must serve many different kinds of clients and provide a wide variety of services. They must be capable of providing individual and group counseling services as well as environmental intervention. The counseling process is somewhat different for the employment counselor who must also consider the available job market, motivational forces, aptitudes, skills, and interests. This article discusses the framework in which the polyvalent employment counselor works.This article was the basis of a workshop for the Employment Security Commission at their state meting in Burlington, North Carolina, in June 1977.
Using Metaphors to Soften Resistance in Chemically Dependent Clients
Authors: James Michael D. , Hazler Richard J. 
Published: December 2011

The purpose and practical use of metaphors for bypassing client resistance and presenting new ways to visualize problems in twelve step recovery models are presented. Metaphors for substance abuse examples are presented to encourage and assist counselors in the development of their own creative use of metaphors with these and other clients.“A spoon full of sugar helps the medicine go down, in a most delightful way.” (Mary Poppins, 1964)
The Role of Consistency in Identifying Characteristics of Three Levels of Achievement
Authors: DE SENA PAUL A. 
Published: December 2011

Non‐intellectual factors were identified which characterized consistent over‐, under‐, and normal‐achievers as individual groups and which significantly distinguished them from each other.From a total of 1,061 freshman male students enrolled in science curriculums at The Pennsylvania State University, three groups of 42 consistent over‐, under‐, and normal‐achievers were matched with a high degree of accuracy on such variables as predicted grade‐point average, minimum deviation from predicted average, and consistency of over‐, under‐, and normal‐achievement over a three‐term period. The eight instruments utilized were completed by the population several days prior to their first term as sophomore students.It is concluded that: (a) Common non‐intellectual factors in the areas of interests, personality, problems, values, personal background, and academic and social adjustment to college can be identified which characterize over‐, under‐, and normal‐achievers as individual groups and which significantly distinguish them from each other; (b) Neglect of the consistency factor may have been responsible for the failure of standardized instruments in previous studies to discriminate among achievement groups.
A COMPARISON OF PLEDGES AND INDEPENDENTS
Authors: JACKSON RONALD , WINKLER RONALD C. 
Published: December 2011

A systematic attempt to compare the characteristics of college freshmen who pledge and who do not pledge social fraternities. From freshmen entering the University of North Dakota in the fall of 1962 a random sample was drawn and divided into four groups of 46 Ss each: male pledges, male independents, female pledges and female independents.The Ss' responses to several personality inventories and college ability test were analyzed by a 2 times 2 factorial analysis of variance; and to a biographical inventory by use of a 2 times 4 chi‐square The results (significant at the 0.05 level or beyond) suggested that (a) pledges are different from those students who do not pledge fraternities on a number of characteristics, values, and expectations, (b) potential pledges participate in more social activities in high school, and (c) pledges had unfulfilled expectation of the role fraternities would play in their academic lives.
Publications … in brief
Authors: MAGOON THOMAS M. 
Published: December 2011

Race and Intelligence: A Scientific Evaluation, edited by Melvin M. TuminThe Next Step: A Guide to Part Time Opportunities in Greater Boston for the Educated Woman, edited by Martha WhiteThe University and Its Foreign Alumni: Maintaining Overseas Contacts by Forrest G. Moore & Robert E. FormanOccupational Information in CounselingOccupational Information in Counseling, by Barbara Kirk and Marjorie Michels
The Cognitive‐Developmental Approach and the Practicing Counselor: An Opportunity for Counselors to Rethink Their Roles
Authors: KOHLBERG LAWRENCE , WASSERMAN ELSA R. 
Published: December 2011

At the present time, psychologists who describe the stages of human growth concur on the importance of cognitive elements, although they also recognize the affective and social components of development. Kohlberg's thinking was influenced by the work of Dewey and Piaget, and has been confirmed by his longitudinal study of 50 Chicago boys and by numerous other researches throughout the world. In his conception, discussions of moral problems (dilemmas) are the basis for moral growth. Through them the less mature become aware of the perspectives of those who have reached a higher level of moral judgment. These ideas and practices have been applied with young people in The Cluster School in Cambridge, Massachusetts, where the ideas of justice for all and fairness have become the real themes of the school. The authors' challenge to counselors as consultants and facilitators is one of becoming deliberately involved in the value and moral growth of students.Allen E. Ivey reacts to this article by urging a value‐centered advocacy model for counselors.
RETROSPECT AND PROSPECT
Authors: Lee Edwin A. 
Published: December 2011

The programs of vocational education and guidance are being scrutinized as never before. During the development of the past twenty‐five years nothing was examined with too great care, but the status of these activities during the next quarter century depends upon the vision used in planning ahead. The future will see fewer boys and girls at work. This will call for higher compulsory school age, longer school life, and a decidedly different offering. We do not need more of the present type of education, but education of a type which gives more attention to individual differences and the evolving economic and social order.In planning the future, careful consideration should be given to the following: (1) research in occupational requirements, sociological trends, and causes of unemployment; (2) spirit of cooperation among all educational groups; and (3) elevation of standards for vocational teachers and counselors.
EDUCATION FOR A NEW SOCIETY
Authors: Morgan Arthur E. 
Published: December 2011

The substance of this article was presented as an address at the convention of the National Vocational Guidance Association in February. The manuscript was received some time afterward, but prior to many of the events and developments under the national recovery program which would have had significance in relation to Dr. Morgan's thesis. The article, though not written in the light of these events and developments, shows a remarkable degree of foresight and anticipation. Nothing has changed its original and essential value as an essay in social planning.America must re‐evaluate its educational program in terms of economic change and social purpose. Vocational education (1) must be preceded by intelligent counseling, (2) should not be too specific, (3) is an inseparable part of the development of the whole personality, (4) should be determined by needs of society, (5) must give consideration to intelligent consumption, and (6) belongs in the school and not in industry.
THE PREDICTION OF SUCCESS IN VOCATIONAL LIFE
Authors: Thorndike Edward L. 
Published: December 2011

The facts and interpretations contained in this article are based upon a study supported under grants from the Commonwealth Fund and the Carnegie Corporation. A complete report will be published under the title, “The Prediction of Vocational Success.” The counselors and others who attended the Northeastern Regional Conference on Vocational Guidance a few weeks ago heard Irving Lorge speak on the principal findings and conclusions of what is often briefly called the Thorndike Ten‐Year Study, with which he has been closely associated. Those who did not hear Dr. Lorge's interesting and significant presentation will want to read the following article by Professor Thorndike, who directed the study; those who did will be glad to have a summary report in print.Dr. Thorndike says that, on the basis of such facts as were obtained from school records and test scores about boys and girls at age 14, their educational careers were predictable with great accuracy; but that there was little indication, as proved in the follow‐up, as to what their vocational futures would be. Apparently we know in part, and we prophesy in part; and now we are learning more about what we can and cannot predict by better methods than guessing—if indeed, in some matters, these methods are better! Dr. Thorndike's study must undoubtedly be ranked high in the annals of research, and we are pleased and proud to present this contribution to our columns and to the literature of vocational and educational guidance.
MEASURING OUTCOMES OF THE COURSE IN OCCUPATIONS
Authors: Lincoln Mildred E. 
Published: December 2011

Intelligent action in any field calls for knowledge of the limitations of the instruments used and for evaluation of results. The engineer, the physician, and the educator, all recognize this need and have their various ways of checking up on the effectiveness of what they do—before the building falls, or the patient dies, or the pupil leaves school. Of major significance to the guidance movement is the increasing attention given to evaluation. Miss Lincoln confirms the widespread opinion of her leadership by being one of the first working counselors to measure objectively the effectiveness of her own work in the teaching of occupations.Tests of vocational and educational information were given to experimental groups of ninth‐grade pupils before and after a semester course in occupations. The same tests were given at the same time to a control group. While the latter group made some gain in occupational information during the period, it was not so large as that of the instructed groups, and the results indicate further, to quote Miss Lincoln, that achievement in occupations classes “tends to increase with the amount of instruction in such classes.”
THE RIGHT TO BE EDUCATED ‐ WHAT DOES THE KID GET? ‐OR THE SYSTEM THAT FAILED
Authors: Julavits William F. 
Published: December 2011

We had the best of educations ‐ in fact we went to school every day …I've been to a day‐school, too, said Alice. You needn't be so proud as all that.With extras? asked the Mock Turtle, a little anxiously.Yes, said Alice. We learned French and music.And washing? said the Mock Turtle.Certainly not! said Alice indignantly.Ah! Then yours wasn't really a good school, said the Mock Turtle in a tone of great relief. Now at ours, they had, at the end of the bill, French, music, and washing ‐ extra.Lewis Carroll, Alice's Adventures in Wonderland
Encapsulation and Survival of a Chondrocyte Cell Line within Xanthan Gum Derivative
Authors: Mendes Ana C. , Baran Erkan T. , Pereira Rui C. , Azevedo Helena S. , Reis Rui L. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractA chemical derivative of xanthan gum polysaccharide is investigated as a new artificial matrix for the encapsulation of chondrocytic cells. Toward this goal, a novel micro‐droplet generator is developed to produce microcapsules. Microcapsules with an average diameter of 500 µm, smooth surface, and homogeneous size distribution are obtained. ATDC5 cells encapsulated in carboxymethyl xanthan (CMX) microcapsules remain viable and are observed to proliferate for prolonged culture periods with enhanced metabolic activity. Furthermore, retention of the chondrogenic phenotype is exhibited by the cells within CMX, suggesting the ability of this material to be applied in cell‐delivery therapies.magnified image
Tuning Fluorescent Response of Nanoscale Film With Polymer Grafting
Authors: Chyasnavichyus Marius , Tsyalkovsky Volodymyr , Zdyrko Bogdan , Luzinov Igor 
Published: December 2011

AbstractAn effective method for tuning fluorescent response of an ultrathin (5 nm) polymer film, which can be used for generation of sensing arrays, is reported. This method is distinctive in that the modification of the optical response is achieved with polymer grafting of a non‐fluorescent polymer to a fluorescent film. Using this approach, a number of films demonstrating different fluorescent emission when exposed to solvent vapors were synthesized.
Ab initio derived force‐field parameters for molecular dynamics simulations of deprotonated amorphous‐SiO2/water interfaces
Authors: Butenuth Anke , Moras Gianpietro , Schneider Julian , Koleini Mohammad , Köppen Susan , Meißner Robert , Wright Louise B. , Walsh Tiffany R. , Ciacchi Lucio Colombi 
Published: December 2011

AbstractWe present a set of Coulomb point charges and van der Waals parameters for molecular dynamics simulations of interfaces between natively deprotonated amorphous SiO2 surfaces and liquid water, to be used in combination with standard biomolecular force fields. We pay particular attention to the extent of negative charge delocalisation in the solid that follows the deprotonation of terminal silanol groups, as revealed by extensive Bader analysis of electronic densities computed by density functional theory (DFT). The absolute charge values in our force field are determined from best‐fitting to the electrostatic potential computed ab initio (ESP charges). Our proposed parameter set is found to reproduce the energy landscape of single water molecules over neutral and deprotonated amorphous SiO2 surfaces and, after a minor adjustment, over thin oxide films on Si. Our analysis reveals a certain degree of arbitrariness in the choice of the DFT scheme used as the reference for the force‐field optimisation procedure, highlighting its intrinsic limits.magnified imageInteraction between a water molecule and an oxidised Si surface calculated with several DFT and force‐field schemes, and delocalisation of the negative charge upon deprotonation of an amorphous SiO2 surface.
Initial laboratory experience with a novel ultrasound probe for standard and single‐port robotic kidney surgery: increasing console surgeon autonomy and minimizing instrument clashing
Authors: Yakoubi Rachid , Autorino Riccardo , Laydner Humberto , Guillotreau Julien , White Michael A. , Hillyer Shahab , Spana Gregory , Khanna Rakesh , Isaac Wahib , Haber Georges‐Pascal , Stein Robert J. , Kaouk Jihad H. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to evaluate a novel ultrasound probe specifically developed for robotic surgery by determining its efficiency in identifying renal tumors.MethodsThe study was carried out using the Da Vinci™ surgical system in one female pig. Renal tumor targets were created by percutaneous injection of a tumor mimic mixture. Single‐port and standard robotic partial nephrectomy were performed. Intraoperative ultrasound was performed using both standard laparoscopic probe and the new ProART™ Robotic probe. Probe maneuverability and ease of handling for tumor localization were recorded.ResultsThe standard laparoscopic probe was guided by the assistant. Significant clashing with robotic arms was noted during the single‐port procedure. The novel robotic probe was easily introduced through the assistant trocar, and held by the console surgeon using the robotic Prograsp™ with no registered clashing in the external operative field. The average time for grasping the new robotic probe was less than 10 s. Once inserted and grasped, no limitation was found in terms of instrument clashing during the single‐port procedure.ConclusionsThis novel ultrasound probe developed for robotic surgery was noted to be user‐friendly when performing porcine standard and especially single‐port robotic partial nephrectomy. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and Characterization of (–)‐Menthyl Containing N‐Alkyl Cycloimmonium Salts
Authors: Hettstedt Christina , Betzl Wolfgang , Karaghiosoff Konstantin 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe reaction of 4‐phenyl‐2‐aminothiazole or 2‐amino pyridine with α‐bromo acetic (–)‐menthyl ester (2c) yields new N‐alkyl cycloimmonium bromides (1c, 3) with the chiral (–)‐menthyl substituent, which were isolated and fully characterized by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy for the first time. In addition, starting from 4‐phenyl‐2‐aminothiazole, two further N‐alkyl cycloimmonium bromides (1a, 1b) were prepared. The molecular and crystal structures of all three thiazole derived N‐alkyl cycloimmonium bromides (1a–c) were determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. In all cases the crystal structures are dominated by N–H···Br hydrogen bonds, which results in the formation of an extensive hydrogen bonded network in the crystal. Interestingly, in all structures S···Br– distances shorter than the sum of the van der Waals radii are observed.
Synthesis and Structure Determination of Ag5HgSbO6, Comparison with AgHg3SbO6 and Ag5Pb2O6
Authors: Klein Wilhelm , Jansen Martin 
Published: December 2011

AbstractFrom solid state reactions of Ag2O, HgO, and Sb2O3 at high temperatures under elevated oxygen pressures a new silver mercury antimonate, Ag5HgSbO6, has been obtained. According to a single crystal structure determination Ag5HgSbO6 crystallizes in space group P$\bar{3}$1c (no. 163) with a = 5.9263(4), c = 12.3023(7) Å, V = 374.18(4) Å3, Z = 2, 498 independent reflections, R1 = 0.030, wR2 = 0.059 (I ≥ 2 σ (I). Ag5HgSbO6 consists of HgSbO6 layers, analogous to BiI3, which are separated by Kagome nets formed by Ag+ ions. Perpendicular to these layers and along the c axis linear strings of Ag+ ions run through the large voids of the layers. Accordingly, Ag5HgSbO6 adopts the Ag5Pb2O6 type of structure where the lead positions are occupied by mercury and antimony alternatingly. The finding of mercury in octahedral coordination, particularly besides the lower charged Ag+ cations in linear coordination, which is also highly preferred by Hg2+ ions, is rather unexpected. Ag5HgSbO6 starts to decompose at 450 °C and, in contrast to subvalent and metallic Ag5Pb2O6, the new compound is charge balanced and semiconducting (ρ = 5.7 Ωcm at ambient temperature, Ea = 0.047 eV).
Civic commitment in young activists: Emergent processes in the development of personal and collective identity
Authors: Martínez M. Loreto , Peñaloza Pilar , Valenzuela Cristina 
Published: December 2011

ABSTRACTThrough a qualitative approach this study documents life experiences that youth with a history of sustained social and political participation judge as significant in the development of their civic commitment. Data is drawn from in‐depth interviews to 6 Chilean youth (3 ages 16–19; 3 ages 20–24 years) of diverse socioeconomic condition, with a history of 3–7 years of active participation in prosocial and political organizations. Grounded theory was used to generate inductive knowledge of the processes that led to commitment and further sustained civic participation. Participants' trajectories of commitment illustrate both individual and contextual sources that motivate their sustained action. Participants identify with social and political causes and integrate them to their personal identities. Their sustained social action is related to identification with the goals of the organizations they belong to. Their accounts convey a collective sense of we developed through working toward shared goals with other organization members. Findings speak to the role that youth can play in advancing social and political ideologies and are discussed in light of identity theory and sociopolitical development.