bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reduced calcium/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase II activity in the hippocampus is associated with impaired cognitive function in MPTP‐treated mice
Authors: Moriguchi Shigeki , Yabuki Yasushi , Fukunaga Kohji 
Published: December 2011

J. Neurochem. (2012) 120, 541–551.AbstractParkinson’s disease (PD) patients frequently reveal deficit in cognitive functions during the early stage in PD. The dopaminergic neurotoxin, MPTP‐induced neurodegeneration causes an injury of the basal ganglia and is associated with PD‐like behaviors. In this study, we demonstrated that deficits in cognitive functions in MPTP‐treated mice were associated with reduced calcium/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) autophosphorylation and impaired long‐term potentiation (LTP) induction in the hippocampal CA1 region. Mice were injected once a day for 5 days with MPTP (25 mg/kg i.p.). The impaired motor coordination was observed 1 or 2 week after MPTP treatment as assessed by rota‐rod and beam‐walking tasks. In immunoblotting analyses, the levels of tyrosine hydroxylase protein and CaMKII autophosphorylation in the striatum were significantly decreased 1 week after MPTP treatment. By contrast, deficits of cognitive functions were observed 3–4 weeks after MPTP treatment as assessed by novel object recognition and passive avoidance tasks but not Y‐maze task. Impaired LTP in the hippocampal CA1 region was also observed in MPTP‐treated mice. Concomitant with impaired LTP induction, CaMKII autophosphorylation was significantly decreased 3 weeks after MPTP treatment in the hippocampal CA1 region. Finally, the reduced CaMKII autophosphorylation was closely associated with reduced AMPA‐type glutamate receptor subunit 1 (GluR1; Ser‐831) phosphorylation in the hippocampal CA1 region of MPTP‐treated mice. Taken together, decreased CaMKII activity with concomitant impaired LTP induction in the hippocampus likely account for the learning disability observed in MPTP‐treated mice.
Genetic variation in TERT and TERC and human leukocyte telomere length and longevity: a cross‐sectional and longitudinal analysis
Authors: Soerensen Mette , Thinggaard Mikael , Nygaard Marianne , Dato Serena , Tan Qihua , Hjelmborg Jacob , Andersen‐Ranberg Karen , Stevnsner Tinna , Bohr Vilhelm A. , Kimura Masayuki , Aviv Abraham , Christensen Kaare , Christiansen Lene 
Published: December 2011

SummaryTelomerase is of key importance for telomere maintenance, and variants of the genes encoding its major subunits, telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) and telomerase RNA component (TERC), are candidates for interindividual variation in telomere length. Recently, the two SNPs rs3772190 and rs12696304 in the TERC locus were reported to be associated with leukocyte telomere length (LTL) in two genome‐wide association studies, while one haplotype of TERT (rs2853669, rs2736098, rs33954691, and rs2853691) has been reported to be associated with both LTL and longevity in a candidate gene study. In this study, we investigated the two TERC and four TERT SNPs in middle‐aged, old, and oldest‐old Danes (58–100 years) and their association with LTL (n = 864) and longevity (n = 1069). Furthermore, data on 11 TERT tagging SNPs in 1089 oldest‐old and 736 middle‐aged Danes were investigated with respect to longevity. For all SNPs, the association with longevity was investigated using both a cross‐sectional and a longitudinal approach. Applying an additive model, we found association of LTL with the minor TERC alleles of rs3772190 (A) and rs12696304 (G), such that a shorter LTL was seen in rs3772190 A carriers (regression coefficient = −0.08, P = 0.011) and in male rs12696304 G carriers (regression coefficient = −0.13, P = 0.014). No TERT variations showed association. Moreover, the A allele of rs3772190 (TERC) was found to be associated with longevity [hazard rate (AG + AA) = 1.31, P = 0.006]. No associations with longevity were observed for the TERT SNPs or haplotypes. Our study, thus, indicates that TERC is associated with both LTL and longevity in humans.
Asa Briggs and the Making of Modern British History
Authors: McWilliam Rohan 
Published: December 2011

AbstractAsa Briggs was one of the most influential historians in the post‐war world. He not only put the history of 19th century Britain on the map and fostered Victorian Studies but he became a key figure in the development of social history. Briggs has been an innovator, launching urban history, local history, labour history, media history and the history of material culture. Both in his career as an historian and as a university manager, he has encouraged interdisciplinarity and cross‐fertilisation between academic disciplines. This article discusses his many works but also the wider significance of his career as an academic statesman.
Symptoms of Dis‐Ease: New Trends in the Histories of ‘Indigenous’ South Asian Medicines
Authors: Mukharji Projit Bihari 
Published: December 2011

AbstractContemporary historical scholarship on South Asia’s ‘indigenous’ medical traditions date from the mid‐1970s. It was not until the late 1990s, however, that this became a thriving area of historical research. As work in the area has grown exponentially over the past decade and a half, many of the older frameworks of analysis have been critiqued and modified. Most recent scholarship in the field clearly expresses symptoms of the dis‐ease with many of the well‐entrenched frameworks. This essay, by no means exhaustive, charts some of the major themes and approaches which have dominated the histories of ‘indigenous’ medicines in South Asia and signals the dis‐eases with them.
Whose City Is This? Hucksters, Domestic Servants, Wet‐Nurses, Prostitutes, and Slaves in Late Medieval Western Mediterranean Urban Society
Authors: Mummey Kevin , Reyerson Kathryn 
Published: December 2011

AbstractMedieval urban studies have evolved more rapidly in some areas of Europe than in others. Mediterranean Europe (with the exception of Italy) has been slower to focus on urban society than northern polities such as England. However, in the last 30 years, the exploration of the urban population and marginal groups has been expanding. This article examines the experience of the latter in later medieval Mediterranean Europe under the categories of hucksters, wet‐nurses, and domestic servants; prostitution; and slavery, with a particular interest in their impact on the topography of the medieval city.
The Physical Economy of the United States of America
Authors: Gierlinger Sylvia , Krausmann Fridolin 
Published: December 2011

SummaryThe United States is not only the world's largest economy, but it is also one of the world's largest consumers of natural resources. The country, which is inhabited by some 5% of the world's population, uses roughly one‐fifth of the global primary energy supply and 15% of all extracted materials. This article explores long‐term trends and patterns of material use in the United States. Based on a material flow account (MFA) that is fully consistent with current standards of economy‐wide MFAs and covers domestic extraction, imports, and exports of materials for a 135‐year period, we investigated the evolution of the U.S. industrial metabolism. This process was characterized by an 18‐fold increase in material consumption, a multiplication of material use per capita, and a shift from renewable biomass toward mineral and fossil resources. In spite of considerable improvements in material intensity, no dematerialization has happened so far; in contrast to other high‐income countries, material use has not stabilized since the 1970s, but has continued to grow. This article compares patterns and trends of material use in the United States with those in Japan and the United Kingdom and discusses the factors underlying the disproportionately high level of U.S. per capita resource consumption.
Attraction of the West Indian fruit fly to mango fruit volatiles
Authors: Malo Edi A. , Gallegos‐Torres Itanegüi , Toledo Jorge , Valle‐Mora Javier , Rojas Julio C. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the attraction of West Indian fruit fly, Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart) (Diptera: Tephritidae), to volatiles of three mango [Mangifera indica L. (Anacardiaceae)] cultivars in field cage tests. The number of flies captured with Multilure traps baited with Amate mature green mangoes was significantly higher than that captured in traps baited with Coche and Ataulfo fruits. There was no significant difference between the number of flies captured in traps baited with Coche or Ataulfo mangoes. Gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry analysis of mango fruit volatiles identified 24, 22, and 19 compounds for Amate, Ataulfo, and Coche mango cultivars, respectively. A principal component analysis of the volatiles revealed that the Amate mango was more distant from the Ataulfo mango, and the latter cultivar was closer to the Coche mango. The compounds myrcene, α‐pinene, β‐selinene, and trans‐β‐ocimene were the most abundant in Amate mangoes, whereas 3‐carene, β‐selinene, terpinolene, and α‐pinene were the predominant compounds of Ataulfo cultivars. In the Coche mango, the predominant compounds were 3‐carene, β‐selinene, terpinolene, and limonene. Traps baited with a blend of myrcene, α‐pinene, and trans‐β‐ocimene captured more A. obliqua females and males than control traps. Flies were more attracted to the Super Q volatile extracts of Amate mango than to the three‐component blend formulated in a ratio of 1:1:1. However, there was no significant difference between the number of flies caught by traps baited with Amate mango extracts and that caught by traps baited with the three‐blend component when this was formulated according to the relative proportions in the mango extracts. Traps baited with myrcene, the major component, caught fewer flies than traps baited with Amate mango extracts.
Heme Oxygenase‐1 Expression in the Ovary Dictates a Proper Oocyte Ovulation, Fertilization, and Corpora Lutea Maintenance
Authors: Zenclussen Maria L. , Jensen Federico , Rebelo Sofia , El‐Mousleh Tarek , Casalis Pablo A. , Zenclussen Ana C. 
Published: December 2011

Citation Zenclussen ML, Jensen F, Rebelo S, El‐Mousleh T, Casalis PA, Zenclussen AC. Heme oxygenase‐1 expression in the ovary dictates a proper oocyte ovulation, fertilization, and corpora lutea maintenance. Am J Reprod Immunol 2012; 67: 376–382Problem  Animals deficient in Heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1, Hmox1−/− mice) have impaired pregnancies, characterized by intrauterine fetal death. HO‐1 expression has been shown to be essential for pregnancy by dictating placentation and intrauterine fetal development. Its absence leads to intrauterine fetal growth restriction and fetal loss, which is independent of the immune system. Defect in previous steps, e.g., ovulation, may, however, also count for their poor reproductive outcome.Method of study  Here, we investigated ovulation after hormonal hyperstimulation in Hmox1 wild‐type and knockout animals.Results and Conclusions  We observed that animals lacking HO‐1 produced significantly less oocytes after hormonal stimulation than wild type animals and this was mirrored by the number of corpora lutea in the ovary. Furthermore, ovulated oocytes from Hmox1−/− animals were poorly fertilized compared with those from wild‐type animals. In conclusion, we demonstrate here that HO‐1 plays a pivotal role in the process of oocyte ovulation as well as fertilization, bringing to light a new and unsuspected role for HO‐1.
Writing Intimate Lives: Mediations in Biographical Praxis
Authors: Morley Rachel 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe essential provocation is this: that the biographer is not to be reduced to a simple symptomal subject, ‘but rather that we hear in his [and her] voice what is “unreal”, i.e. intractable’. Like Roland Barthes in A Lover’s Discourse, I have decided to give myself over to the experientiality and intimacy of the biographer’s work, to allow myself to be guided not by conventional thinking but by ‘amorous feeling’. Drawing on my experience of researching and writing a biography – a text that has come to take the shape of an assemblage of Barthesian figures– this paper will argue that, like the lover’s discourse, the biographer’s discourse need not be extraneous or merely a symptom of the research process, but instead has the potential to illuminate the affective power of biographical praxis itself, thereby expanding its field of significance.
On the Other Side of the Words: Family Trauma and the Ethics of Life Writing
Authors: Liu‐Devereux Pauline 
Published: December 2011

AbstractIn ‘The Ethics of Betrayal: Diary of a Memoirist’, Nancy K. Miller claims that, Philippe Lejeune, ‘somewhere made the claim that all theorists of autobiography are closet, or at least crypto‐, autobiographers’ and while not entirely agreeing with him, Miller admits that the more she worked on autobiography as a critic, the more tempted she was to write one (148). The diary begins in July 2002 and by September Miller is pondering on trust and betrayal. On September 16th she declares ‘I cannot name my own betrayal without producing another’ (151). At the IABA conference, Intimate Publics, held at Sussex University in June 2010, I witnessed other difficulties encountered by life writing critics when they quit the closet to become life writers: the puzzling reluctance of families to be ‘exposed’ and the vulnerability of self exposure, of speaking publicly about loved ones. For a life writer expected to provide critical commentary on her own writing, this role reversal seemed a suitable subject for study. How might the shift from theorist to memoirist inform future theory and in turn, enrich memoir? I returned from the conference full of ideas – after all, might not autobiographers also be closet theorists? My project was derailed almost immediately by a family tragedy. Naturally, my response was to write an account of it, titled On the Other Side of the Words, a line taken from a poem by W. S. Graham. But realising the implications of this title, I began, like Miller, to wonder about trust and betrayal and the ethics of autobiographical writing which is so much the biography of another. How could I write about my sister‐in‐law’s suicide? I thought of those who might be hurt by it and recognised my own vulnerability. But I kept on, and some of the questions arising from my writing are answered by Judith Butler in her conclusion to Giving an Account of Oneself:
To be undone by another is a primary necessity, an anguish to be sure, but also a chance … to be bound to what is not me, but also to be moved, to be prompted to act, to address myself elsewhere, and so to vacate the self sufficient ‘I’ as a kind of possession. If we speak and try to give an account from this place, we will not be irresponsible, or, if we are, we will surely be forgiven (136).
Introduction: Life Writing and Critical Practice
Authors: Jensen Meg , Jolly Margaretta 
Published: December 2011

AbstractContemporary critical practice is becoming increasingly self‐reflective, with first person commentary and subjective musings appearing in academic texts produced across disciplines. On the other hand, as the number of writing practitioners in the academy mounts, their works reflect a growing awareness of, and engagement with, the critical and theoretical debates that surround creative practice. Nowhere is this interchange between theory and practice more prevalent, however, than in the discipline of life writing, a field concerned with the forces at work on the borderland between the self or subject and the performance of that self in communicable form. Yet the two groups, life writing critics and life writing creatives, often remain mutually suspicious and their relationship under‐theorised. This Special Cluster of Literature Compass brings together scholarly readings, both critical and creative in form, which interrogate the place of life writing in critical practice. These essays were developed through discussions and debates at the 7th Biennial International Auto/Biographical Association Conference at University of Sussex in June 2010. IABA has led the professionalization of life writing as a field of literary critical debate and is increasingly being used as a forum for life writers as well. In this Special Cluster, leading figures in the field, both critics and practitioners, begin a dialogue on the developing phenomenon of creative/critical interface in life writing, and make suggestions for new pathways for the future.
Getting to Know Me in Theory and Practice: Negotiated Truth and Mourning in Autobiographically Based Fiction (J. G. Ballard, Virginia Woolf, Katherine Mansfield, Jack Kerouac, Louisa May Alcott and me)
Authors: Jensen Meg 
Published: December 2011

AbstractDespite recent controversies over ‘faked’ memoirs, most readers of life writing continue to trust in the autobiographical pact: they believe that memoirs are a source of personal truth, a writer’s outlet for laying bare the past. But some argue that the codes and conventions of memoir inscribe a distance between self and subject. Before writers are able to tell the truth to their readers, moreover, they have to confront and process that truth themselves over and over again. Writers of autobiographically based fiction (or autofiction, autobiografiction) have long known that the work of truth‐telling must start well before publication: the practice of writing in this form demands repeated self‐revelation and intimacy with the truth of one’s own life history in a way that memoir may not. In this essay, I embrace the self‐reflective methodologies of life‐writing practice in order to identify and interrogate the ways in which writers of autobiographically based fiction, including myself, process the truth of their pasts in order to reanimate and rewrite that past via a variety of imagined potentialities. I use a self‐reflective analysis of the trajectory of truth‐telling in my own writing over time and then turn to examine the work of J. G. Ballard, Virginia Woolf, Katherine Mansfield, Jack Kerouac, and Louisa May Alcott using the revelations in their life writings to produce alternative readings of their fictions. By doing so, I will propose a practical tool for examining that most elusive textual artefact: the writer’s imagination. While the life writing of these writers reveal a single, nominalist, reading of the facts of their lives, that is, their novels demonstrate the power of fiction to unfold hidden potentialities, and further, multiplying facets of truth around those facts. I hope to demonstrate, moreover, the usefulness of the practice‐based insights that life writing practitioners can bring to textual analysis as I examine the process of writing autobiographically based fiction from the inside out.
Autobiography, Anthropomorphism, and the Science Writer: The Case of Loren Eiseley
Authors: Boardman Kathleen A. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractScientist‐memoirists, especially those who study animal behavior or evolutionary science, face a particular challenge: if they do not avoid expressing strongly felt connections with non‐human animals, they risk being accused of anthropomorphism: the imposition of human characteristics on the non‐human. For American physical anthropologist and science writer Loren Eiseley (1907–1977), strictures against anthropomorphism – particularly strong during the mid‐20th century, his most productive period – resulted in tensions that influenced not only his essays about science but also his representation of his own identity in his autobiographical writing. Rather than edit out all references to human–animal connection, Eiseley claims anthropomorphism as a strategic choice in the interpretation of the natural world: in exploring the possibility of shared characteristics, we do not just impose human traits onto other animals; instead, we may see qualities in animals that we then recognize in ourselves. Recent discussions (among cognitive ethnologists, linguists, and others) of the uses of anthropomorphism give serious attention to this and similar viewpoints. However, Eiseley’s references to animal‐human connections – even in his autobiography – tend to be defensive, resulting in a self‐representation that is alternately argumentative and elusive.
A Life as a Work of Art: W. Somerset Maugham’s Intimate Publics
Authors: Holden Philip 
Published: December 2011

AbstractSince his death in 1965, the British writer W. Somerset Maugham has been the subject of numerous memoirs as well as four substantial biographies. Maugham’s long life intersected with many of the central concerns of global modernity in the late 19th and the first half of the 20th century: changing gender roles, the disintegration of colonial empires, a new identity politics of sexuality and changing media technologies. Maugham was notably reticent about his personal life, prohibiting the publication of his letters and asking friends to destroy them, and producing a number of autobiographical works that conceal much more than they reveal. At the same time, he cultivated the image and the lifestyle of a celebrity author. Maugham’s fiction – into which the author himself often intrudes as a named character or in thin disguise – remains widely read but the subject of little scholarly attention. This paper, making use of contemporary insights in auto/biography studies regarding the connection between life writing and the construction of selfhood, explores the paradox of a fictional oeuvre that, through a series of dense intertextual connections continually re‐iterates and re‐members the fragments of experience. In parallel to their attempts to conceal, Maugham’s fictional and non‐fictional texts construct an intimate public persona for his readers, a persona that then takes on an extra‐textual life.
Speaking in ‘I’: The Interface of Theory and Autobiography in Nicole Brossard’s Life Writing
Authors: Karpinski Eva C. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractNicole Brossard’s ‘fiction theory’, that is, her language‐focused, experimental prose and poetry, has influenced feminist writing in Quebec and English Canada. This article examines Brossard’s inscriptions of radical lesbian subjectivity at the interface of theory and autobiography, focusing on two texts from the mid‐1980s, which can be classified as life writing. By examining The Aerial Letter and Intimate Journal side by side, the author compares different uses and functions of the autobiographical ‘I’ in the service of theory‐making. The Aerial Letter reveals the collective, politicized ‘I’ that assumes an anti‐patriarchal stance working towards establishing a women’s community. On the other hand, Intimate Journal exposes ‘I’ as a fiction of the autobiographical subject displaced between the phenomenological, living body and the published ‘version’ of this body in writing. While remaining loyal to a feminist politics of the personal as political, Brossard’s écriture au féminin explores the subject as fractured and refracted in discourse.