bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Material Composition of the Newly Discovered Zongzhuo Formation Sedimentary Mélange in the Dingri Area, Southern Tibet, and its Constraints on the Basin Controlling Dingri–Gamba Fault
Authors: YAN Songtao , DING Ailing , DAI Xuejian , LI Hu , LIU Tao , ZHU Lidong , WU Qingsong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe study of sedimentary mélanges holds pivotal importance in understanding orogenic processes and unveiling geodynamic mechanisms. In this study, we present findings on zircon U‐Pb isotopes and whole‐rock elemental data concerning the recently uncovered Zongzhuo Formation sedimentary mélanges within the Dingri area. Field observations reveal the predominant composition of the Zongzhuo Formation, characterized by a matrix of sandstone‐mudstone mixed with sand‐conglomerates within native blocks exhibiting soft sediment deformation. Moreover, exotic blocks originating from littoral–neritic seas display evidence of landslide deformation. Our study identifies the depositional environment of the Zongzhuo Formation in Dingri as a slope turbidite fan, with its provenance traced back to the passive continental margin. Notably, this contrasts with the Zongzhuo Formation found in the Jiangzi–Langkazi area. Based on existing data, we conclude that the Zongzhuo Formation in the Dingri area was influenced by the Dingri–Gamba fault and emerged within a fault basin of the passive continental margin due to Neo‐Tethys oceanic subduction during the Late Cretaceous period. Its provenance can be attributed to the littoral–neritic sea of the northern Tethys Himalaya region. This study holds significant implications for understanding the tectonic evolution of Tethys Himalaya and for reevaluating the activity of the Dingri–Gamba fault, as it controls the active deposition of the Zongzhuo Formation.
Non‐selective microbiota reduction after the elicitation of a seaweed's immune response
Authors: Li Jiasui , Saha Mahasweta , Majzoub Marwan E. , Yang Teng , Chu Haiyan , Thomas Torsten , Weinberger Florian , Egan Suhelen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPattern‐triggered immunity (PTI) is an integral part of the innate immune system of many eukaryotic hosts, assisting in the defence against pathogen invasions. In plants and animals, PTI exerts a selective pressure on the microbiota that can alter community composition. However, the effect of PTI on the microbiota for non‐model hosts, including seaweeds, remains unknown. Using quantitative polymerase chain reaction complemented with 16S rRNA gene and transcript amplicon sequencing, this study profiled the impact that PTI of the red seaweed Gracilaria gracilis has on its microbiota. PTI elicitation with agar oligosaccharides resulted in a significant reduction in the number of bacteria (by >75% within 72 h after treatment). However, the PTI elicitation did not cause any significant difference in the community diversity or structure. These findings demonstrated that PTI can be non‐selective, and this might help to maintain a stable microbiota by uniformly reducing bacterial loads.
Predictors of abstinence maintenance after cocaine inpatient detoxification: A prospective study
Authors: Poireau Margaux , Clergue‐Duval Virgile , Maillard Angéline , Icick Romain , Azuar Julien , Smith Pauline , Faurent Mathieu , Volle Emmanuelle , Delmaire Christine , Cabé Julien , Bloch Vanessa , Vorspan Florence 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesCocaine is a highly addictive substance, and with no approved medication for cocaine use disorder (CUD), leading to a heavy burden. Despite validated psychosocial treatments, relapse rates after detoxification are very high in CUD. Few consistent factors can predict abstinence after detoxification. Our study, therefore, aimed at identifying factors predicting abstinence among CUD patients after inpatient detoxification.MethodsEighty‐one CUD inpatients were included during detoxification and characterized for clinical and sociodemographic data at baseline and at a follow‐up of 3 months after discharge, including a standard measure of their abstinence duration from cocaine. We performed Cox univariate analyzes to determine the factors associated with abstinence maintenance, followed by a multivariate Cox regression to identify independent predictors.ResultsAbstinence maintenance was shorter in patients injecting cocaine (hazard ratio [HR] = 5.16, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.01–13.27, p < .001) and using cocaine heavily in the month before inclusion (HR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.00–1.06, p = .046). Conversely, abstinence maintenance was longer in patients with longer inpatient detoxification stays (HR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.94–0.99, p = .015) and prescribed with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) (HR = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.16–0.56, p < .001).Discussion and ConclusionsPatients with severe CUD may require longer inpatient stays to achieve abstinence. Regarding SSRI prescription, more specific studies are needed to provide stronger recommendations about their use in clinical practice.Scientific SignificanceOur findings suggest several modifiable factors to improve inpatient treatment response in CUD. As there are no specific recommendations about the optimal duration of inpatient stay, our results could pave the way for evidence‐based guidelines.
Presence and development of diabetic retinopathy in 16 999 patients with type 1 diabetes in the Danish Registry of Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Stokholm Lonny , Pedersen Frederik Nørregaard , Andersen Nis , Andresen Jens , Bek Toke , Dinesen Sebastian , Hajari Javad , Heegaard Steffen , Højlund Kurt , Laugesen Caroline Schmidt , Kawasaki Ryo , Möller Sören , Schielke Katja Christina , Subhi Yousif , Thykjær Anne Suhr , Grauslund Jakob 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the five‐year incidence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and associated risk markers in patients with type 1 diabetes in the national Danish DR‐screening programme.MethodsBased on national data, we included all 16 999 patients with type 1 diabetes in the Danish Registry of Diabetic Retinopathy, who attended the national screening programme in the period 2013–2018. According to the worse eye at first screening, DR was classified (levels 0–4) and linked with various national health registries to retrieve information on diabetes duration, systemic comorbidity, and medication.ResultsAt first screening, median age and duration of diabetes were 45.0 and 16.7 years, and 57.5% were males. The prevalence and five‐year incidences for DR and progression to proliferative DR (PDR) were 44.2%, 8.9% and 2.0%, respectively. In multivariable Cox models, the incidence endpoints were associated with duration of diabetes (hazard ratio [HR] 1.76, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.63–1.89, and HR 2.04, 95% CI 1.73–2.40 per 10 years), moderately low Charlson Comorbidity Index score (HR 1.27, 95% CI 1.10–1.47, and HR 2.80, 95% CI 2.23–3.51), and use of blood pressure lowering medication (HR 1.20, 95% CI 1.05–1.36, and HR 1.98, 95% CI 1.53–2.57).ConclusionIn a study of all patients with type 1 diabetes from the Danish DR‐screening programme, we identified duration of diabetes, systemic disease and use of anti‐hypertensive treatment as consistent risk markers for incident and progressive DR.
Assessing digital capability for twin transition and profitability: From firm and people perspectives with leadership support as moderator
Authors: Singh Bindu , Srivastava Anugamini Priya , Chatterjee Sheshadri , Durana Pavol , Kliestik Tomas 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDigital capability encompasses the skills and attitudes that firms and employees need to thrive in the modern digital era. Digital capability of a firm involves the effective adoption and use of modern digital technologies such as Industry 4.0. From the individual perspective, digital capability is referred to as knowledge and skill sets of people which are essential to work in digitally enabled firms. Not many studies have been conducted to assess how digital capability can help in twin transition, that is, both at individual and firm levels, and how such digital capability can help in improving profitability for the firms. There is also a lack of studies exploring how firm leadership support can enhance digital capability to improve both organizational and employee performance. In this background, the aim of this study is to assess the role of digital capability for both firm and people perspectives with leadership support as moderator. With the support of resource‐based view (RBV) and literature, a research model was prepared conceptually which was later validated using PLS‐SEM technique considering 348 responses from employees of different types of industries. Based on the analysis of feedback from participants in India, this study has reached a specific conclusion. Consequently, the results suffer from external validity issues which have been considered as one of the critical limitations of this study. It has been demonstrated that impacts of digital competency could improve both people and firm performance enhancing the profitability of the firms. Such enhancement of profitability is facilitated by the impact of leadership support.
Transnational review on the use of information and communication technologies and technoscience in healthcare: Their impact on the autonomy and governance of individuals and communities
Authors: Unanue Cuesta Concepción 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe impact and use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in healthcare settings has been increasing since 2019. This is greatly due to the COVID‐19 pandemic. But beyond accommodating an extraordinary and complex situation in terms of healthcare services, or beyond replacing personalised care delivered by healthcare professionals (HCPs), has there been a process of information and consultation for communities and HCPs? Do we have the basic requirements needed to make such use commonplace in health care? What will the impact be on communities and their governance? Have we arrived here by consensus or by imposition? Our purpose has been to conduct a transnational analysis by approaching communities, social actors, and healthcare professionals in three territories in a pilot study following a qualitative methodology. The aim being to discover the potential impact of such measures beyond the right to health and if such measures are compatible with the purpose of population settling in rural areas. Furthermore, to identify if this entails a conflict of value and priorities or if we need new ethical reviews both for communities and healthcare professionals.
Direct neuronal protection by the protease‐activated receptor PAR4 antagonist ML354 after experimental stroke in mice
Authors: Fleischer Michael , Szepanowski Rebecca D. , Pesara Valeria , Bihorac Julia Sophie , Oehler Beatrice , Dobrev Dobromir , Kleinschnitz Christoph , Fender Anke C. 
Published: May 2024

Background and PurposeThrombo‐inflammation is a key feature of stroke pathophysiology and provides multiple candidate drug targets. Thrombin exerts coagulation‐independent actions via protease‐activated receptors (PAR), of which PAR1 has been implicated in stroke‐associated neuroinflammation. The role of PAR4 in this context is less clear. This study examined if the selective PAR4 antagonist ML354 provides neuroprotection in experimental stroke and explored the underlying mechanisms.Experimental ApproachMouse primary cortical neurons were exposed to oxygen–glucose deprivation (OGD) and simulated reperfusion ± ML354. For comparison, functional Ca2+‐imaging was performed upon acute stimulation with a PAR4 activating peptide or glutamate. Male mice underwent sham operation or transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO), with ML354 or vehicle treatment beginning at recanalization. A subset of mice received a platelet‐depleting antibody. Stroke size and functional outcomes were assessed. Abundance of target genes, proteins, and cell markers was determined in cultured cells and tissues by qPCR, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence.Key ResultsStroke up‐regulated PAR4 expression in cortical neurons in vitro and in vivo. OGD augments spontaneous and PAR4‐mediated neuronal activity; ML354 suppresses OGD‐induced neuronal excitotoxicity and apoptosis. ML354 applied in vivo after tMCAO reduced infarct size, apoptotic markers, macrophage accumulation, and interleukin‐1β expression. Platelet depletion did not affect infarct size in mice with tMCAO ± ML354.Conclusions and ImplicationsSelective PAR4 inhibition during reperfusion improves infarct size and neurological function after experimental stroke by blunting neuronal excitability, apoptosis, and local inflammation. PAR4 antagonists may provide additional neuroprotective benefits in patients with acute stroke beyond their canonical antiplatelet action.
Evaluation of a panel of furochromenones as the activator and inhibitor of tyrosinase
Authors: Seenivasan Gayathri , Ahmad Sarwat Asma Ziya , Tuti Nikhil Kumar , Shaji Unnikrishnan P. , Das Susmita , Khan Faiz Ahmed , Anindya Roy 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTyrosinase is a copper‐containing enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of melanin pigment. While the excess production of melanin causes hyperpigmentation of human skin, hypopigmentation results in medical conditions like vitiligo. Tyrosinase inhibitors could be used as efficient skin whitening agents and tyrosinase agonists could be used for enhanced melanin synthesis and skin protection from UV exposure. Among a wide range of tyrosinase‐regulating compounds, natural and synthetic derivatives of furochromenones, such as 8‐methoxypsoralen (8‐MOP), are known to both activate and inhibit tyrosinase. We recently reported a synthetic approach to generate a variety of dihydrofuro[3,2‐c]chromenones and furo[3,2‐c]chromenones in a metal‐free condition. In the present study, we investigated these compounds for their potential as antagonists or agonists of tyrosinase. Using fungal tyrosinase‐based in vitro biochemical assay, we obtained one compound (3k) which could inhibit tyrosinase activity, and the other compound (4f) that stimulated tyrosinase activity. The kinetic studies revealed that compound 3k caused ‘mixed’ type tyrosinase inhibition and 4f stimulated the catalytic efficiency. Studying the mechanisms of these compounds may provide a basis for the development of new effective tyrosinase inhibitors or activators.
Materializing mortality: Re‐enchanting grave goods in the British Museum using mixed‐method approaches to audience research
Authors: Wilkin Neil , Cecilia Rafie , Wexler Jennifer , Giles Melanie , Garrow Duncan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGrave goods are among the most common, but at the same time most powerful, objects on display in many museums. They possess the rare—often latent—ability to convey both particular and universal themes and to collapse chronological and cultural differences by connecting the shared embodiment of museum visitors and past people. To explore these values, this study draws on the results of two phases of in‐depth, mixed‐methods audience research before and after a rapid and low‐cost interpretative intervention: the “Death, Memory and Meaning” trail in the later prehistoric galleries of the British Museum. The analysis highlights the importance of fore‐fronting intimacy and the complex relationship between bodies and objects. It also demonstrates the importance of contextual, emotionally and spiritually connected approaches to the presentation of grave goods. Our findings are especially timely given the intensification of ethical concerns surrounding displays of prehistoric European human remains in museums.
Training, comfort, and perceived effectiveness: Lessons from the pandemic
Authors: Russell Lisa M. , Lach Patrick A. , Morgan Robin K. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis empirical study evaluates the impact of faculty training in online teaching on perceived comfort, perceived effectiveness, and stress during the Emergency Transition to Online Learning (ETOL) caused by COVID‐19. Survey data revealed a positive relationship between training in online teaching and perceived effectiveness during the ETOL. However, this relationship is fully mediated by perceived comfort in teaching online, meaning training in online teaching significantly increased faculty perceived comfort, which in turn increased perceived effectiveness. Relative to their counterparts, faculty who agreed that the ETOL was stressful were significantly more likely to cite working from home distractions and a lack of physical resources as the greatest challenges. Going forward, our results suggest faculty should be trained in best practices in online teaching as a regular part of their development. Doing so would not only benefit online courses, but the tools used in online courses can also benefit faculty teaching in‐person courses. The emerging tools used in online courses can also serve to enhance teaching in emerging, technology‐based disciplines in business, such as digital marketing or business analytics. In addition to ongoing training, another best practice to prepare for a future ETOL would be to allow business school faculty to share what they have learned with other business faculty.
Impact of temperature and season on ant foraging activity of two invasive species in a Mediterranean urban area
Authors: Destour Giovanny , Blatrix Rumsais , Caries Aurélien , Genevet Juliette , Kaufmann Bernard , Lecoq Baptiste , Lucas Annick , Verlingue Killian , Vergnes Alan , Javal Marion 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Invasive species often have harmful effects on human activities and biodiversity. The Tapinoma nigerrimum complex includes three species that exhibit invasive traits and the ability to form supercolonies, including Tapinoma magnum and Tapinoma darioi. While these species are native to the Mediterranean basin, they have recently been reported as invasive in more northern regions of Europe. However, T. magnum and T. darioi show different invasion patterns in Europe, suggesting differences in thermal preferences between these species. We aimed to determine whether there was any difference in activity pattern depending on temperature or season between the two Tapinoma species and between Tapinoma and co‐occurring native Mediterranean ants.
We measured ambient temperature and ant foraging activity around the nest entrances of T. darioi and T. magnum in urbanised sites around Montpellier, southern France, over almost 1 year.
We did not detect differences in activity between the two species according to temperature, but T. magnum was more active than T. darioi in winter. Compared to the co‐occurring native species, the two Tapinoma species were more active at low temperatures and earlier in the year.
These results suggest that the difference in invasion success between T. magnum and T. darioi may not be explained by temperature preference. The difference in activity between native Mediterranean species and invasive Tapinoma suggests a coexistence through niche partitioning. In addition, our results suggest that control measures against invasive Tapinoma species would be more effective if applied at the end of winter.
A role of dentate gyrus mechanistic target of rapamycin activation in epileptogenesis in a mouse model of posttraumatic epilepsy
Authors: Guo Dongjun , Han Lirong , Godale Christin M. , Rensing Nicholas R. , Danzer Steve C. , Wong Michael 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway has been implicated in promoting epileptogenesis in animal models of acquired epilepsy, such as posttraumatic epilepsy (PTE) following traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, the specific anatomical regions and neuronal populations mediating mTOR's role in epileptogenesis are not well defined. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that mTOR activation in dentate gyrus granule cells promotes neuronal death, mossy fiber sprouting, and PTE in the controlled cortical impact (CCI) model of TBI.MethodsAn adeno‐associated virus (AAV)‐Cre viral vector was injected into the hippocampus of Rptorflox/flox (regulatory‐associated protein of mTOR) mutant mice to inhibit mTOR activation in dentate gyrus granule cells. Four weeks after AAV‐Cre or AAV‐vehicle injection, mice underwent CCI injury and were subsequently assessed for mTOR pathway activation by Western blotting, neuronal death, and mossy fiber sprouting by immunopathological analysis, and posttraumatic seizures by video‐electroencephalographic monitoring.ResultsAAV‐Cre injection primarily affected the dentate gyrus and inhibited hippocampal mTOR activation following CCI injury. AAV‐Cre‐injected mice had reduced neuronal death in dentate gyrus detected by Fluoro‐Jade B staining and decreased mossy fiber sprouting by ZnT3 immunostaining. Finally, AAV‐Cre‐injected mice exhibited a decrease in incidence of PTE.SignificancemTOR pathway activation in dentate gyrus granule cells may at least partly mediate pathological abnormalities and epileptogenesis in models of TBI and PTE. Targeted modulation of mTOR activity in this hippocampal network may represent a focused therapeutic approach for antiepileptogenesis and prevention of PTE.
Sex and age differences in the preference for materials for the communal nests of sociable weavers Philetairus socius
Authors: Silva Nicolas J. , Benoit Fantine , Elliott Andrew , Rault Charlotte , Colençon Pierre , Covas Rita , Doutrelant Claire 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMany animals build structures that are used for shelter, reproduction or to capture prey. The type of material used to build these structures is likely to influence their solidity, thermoregulation capacity and, in some species, may influence the attractiveness of the builders. In the case of animal nests, evidence for preference of nesting material has been documented in several species but, to date, few field experiments have been conducted, and it was seldom investigated whether individuals' attributes affected those preferences. We investigated these preferences in relation to individual attributes on sociable weavers (Philetairus socius) that build communally one of the largest known nest structures, using dry grass. We conducted an experiment where we presented two piles of straws, long and short, to wild individuals. We recorded 900 h of video and used a deep learning method to automatically detect images where birds were present (266 colour‐ringed individuals). Our results showed that males picked more straws than females and showed a preference for longer straws, while no preference was found for females. In addition, older males showed a preference for long straws compared to younger males. Finally, males displayed higher repeatability than females in their preference for longer straws. In conclusion, we show that choice of nesting material is not random, and that preferences are associated with individual attributes. Future studies should assess how building is associated with social status, mating and reproductive success of the individuals building, to investigate which of these factors could have shaped the evolution of these preferences.