bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conversion surgery for initially unresectable locally advanced biliary tract cancer: A multicenter collaborative study conducted in Japan and Korea
Authors: Yabushita Yasuhiro , Park Joon Seong , Yoon Yoo‐Seok , Ohtsuka Masayuki , Kwon Wooil , Choi Gi Hong , Imamura Masafumi , Matsumoto Ippei , Mizuno Shugo , Matsuyama Ryusei , Sakata Jun , Hayashi Hiromitsu , Takeda Yutaka , Katagiri Satoshi , Sugawara Toshitaka , Kobayashi Shogo , Kawasaki Yota , Nagano Hiroaki , Murase Katsutoshi , Kim Hyung Sun , Nah Yang Won , Jang Jin‐Young , Yamaue Hiroki , Yoon Dong Sup , Yamamoto Masakazu , Choi Dongho , Nakamura Masafumi , Kim Ki‐Hun , Endo Itaru 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundAlthough surgical resection is the only curative treatment for biliary tract cancer, in some cases, the disease is diagnosed as unresectable at initial presentation. There are few reports of conversion surgery after the initial treatment for unresectable locally advanced biliary tract cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of conversion surgery in patients with initially unresectable locally advanced biliary tract cancer.MethodsWe retrospectively collected clinical data from groups of patients in multiple centers belonging to the Japanese Society of Hepato‐Biliary‐Pancreatic Surgery and Korean Association of Hepato‐Biliary‐Pancreatic Surgery. We analyzed two groups of prognostic factors (pretreatment and surgical factors) and their relation to the treatment outcomes.ResultsA total of 56 patients with initially unresectable locally advanced biliary tract cancer were enrolled in this study of which 55 (98.2%) patients received chemotherapy, and 16 (28.6%) patients received additional radiation therapy. The median time from the start of the initial treatment to resection was 6.4 months. Severe postoperative complications of Clavien‐Dindo grade III or higher occurred in 34 patients (60.7%), and postoperative mortality occurred in five patients (8.9%). Postoperative histological results revealed CR in eight patients (14.3%). The median survival time from the start of the initial treatment in all 56 patients who underwent conversion surgery was 37.7 months, the 3‐year survival rate was 53.9%, and the 5‐year survival rate was 39.1%.ConclusionsConversion surgery for initially unresectable locally advanced biliary tract cancer may lead to longer survival in selected patients. However, more precise preoperative safety evaluation and careful postoperative management are required.
Impact of spouses' access to financial services on technological and managerial gaps in rice production
Authors: Malabayabas Maria Luz L. , Mishra Ashok K. , Mayorga Joaquin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe study investigates the effect of the spouse's access to financial services via self‐help groups (SHGs) on technical efficiency, technology and managerial gaps. We use farm‐level data from rice farming households in eastern India, propensity score matching method and selectivity‐corrected stochastic production frontier model. Results show that farms with access to financial services via a spouse's membership in SHGs have slightly higher technical efficiency than their counterparts. Technology and managerial gaps are higher for farms where spouses have access to financial services via SHGs than their counterparts. With access to financial services via spouses, rice farmers reallocated family labour and hired more labour for crop establishment. Thus, women joining SHGs can increase crop productivity, and extension agents should also focus on spouses and their role in farming decision‐making, not just financial management.
Six‐decade trend in minute‐scale short‐duration intense precipitation in Beijing and its association with urbanization
Authors: Wang Lingli , Ren Guoyu , Zhan Yunjian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the characteristics of minute‐scale short‐duration intense rainfall and its possible link with urbanization is valuable for addressing urban climate change and evaluating biases in high‐resolution historical precipitation data series. This study analyses the long‐term trends of rainy‐season minute‐scale intense rainfall events at different continuous time periods based on precipitation data from 20 national meteorological stations in the Beijing area covering the period from 1961 to 2021. This study shows that during the whole period analysed, the number of events of intense rainfall lasting 15 min or longer decreased, while the number of shorter‐duration events and the accumulated precipitation increased. The frequency and amount of minute‐scale intense rainfall recorded by urban stations are generally higher than those recorded by rural stations in terms of climatological means. The signal of the urbanization effect in minute‐scale precipitation changes is detectable, with the contribution of urbanization to the trends in average precipitation of 30‐min intense rainfall being 68.8%, whereas the contributions with respect to the frequency of 20‐ and 30‐min intense rainfall and the maximum precipitation of intense rainfall with a duration of 45 min reach 100%. The results of the analysis can provide reference for understanding long‐term changes in short‐duration rainfall and the possibility that they are driven by local anthropogenic activity, as well as bias in the minute‐scale precipitation data series of urban observation sites when they are used in studies of large‐scale intense precipitation changes.
Administration of 4% tetrasodium EDTA lock solution and central venous catheter complications in high‐risk pediatric patients with intestinal failure: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Hirsch Thomas I. , Fligor Scott C. , Tsikis Savas T. , Mitchell Paul D. , DeVietro Angela , Carbeau Sarah , Wang Sarah Z. , McClelland Jennifer , Carey Alexandra N. , Gura Kathleen M. , Puder Mark 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundSelection of central venous catheter (CVC) lock solution impacts catheter mechanical complications and central line–associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) in pediatric patients with intestinal failure. Disadvantages of the current clinical standards, heparin and ethanol lock therapy (ELT), led to the discovery of new lock solutions. High‐risk pediatric patients with intestinal failure who lost access to ELT during a recent shortage were offered enrollment in a compassionate use trial with 4% tetrasodium EDTA (T‐EDTA), a lock solution with antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and antithrombotic properties.MethodsWe performed a descriptive cohort study including 14 high‐risk pediatric patients with intestinal failure receiving 4% T‐EDTA as a daily catheter lock solution. CVC complications were documented (repairs, occlusions, replacements, and CLABSIs). Complication rates on 4% T‐EDTA were compared with baseline rates, during which patients were receiving either heparin or ELT (designated as heparin/ELT).ResultsPatients initiated 4% T‐EDTA at the time they were enrolled in the compassionate use protocol. Use of 4% T‐EDTA resulted in a 50% reduction in CVC complications, compared with baseline rates on heparin/ELT (incidence rate ratio: 0.50; 95% CI, 0.25–1.004; P = 0.051).ConclusionIn a compassionate use protocol for high‐risk pediatric patients with intestinal failure, the use of 4% T‐EDTA reduced composite catheter complications, including those leading to emergency department visits, hospital admissions, additional procedures, and mortality. This outcome suggests 4% T‐EDTA has benefits over currently available lock solutions.
Similar root and stubble biomass carbon in grass–clover leys irrespective of yield, species composition, sward age, and fertilization
Authors: Jensen Johannes L. , Giannini‐Kurina Franca , Eriksen Jørgen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundCrop‐ and site‐specific quantification of non‐harvestable aboveground residues and root biomass is essential for predicting management‐induced changes in soil C storage.AimsThe aim of this study was to quantify stubble and root biomass C from productive grass–clover leys used for cutting as affected by fertilization and sward age.MethodsBased on an organic long‐term dairy crop rotations experiment with 4 years of grass–clover in a six‐course rotation, we examined the effects of fertilization (unfertilized and 300 kg total‐N ha−1 in cattle slurry) and sward age (1–4‐year‐old) on herbage yield and composition, stubble biomass, and composition and root biomass of grass–clover ley.ResultsLey duration and fertilization altered plant community composition and aboveground productivity but did not affect stubble and root biomass C.ConclusionsThe results question the use of yield‐dependent allometric functions for grass–clover ley used in simulation models and life cycle assessments for C accounting in agricultural systems. For predictions of soil C changes, we recommend the use of a fixed stubble‐derived C input from grass–clover ley regardless of sward age and fertilization‐induced differences in species composition, and herbage yield. Likewise, a fixed root‐derived C input for 1‐year‐old grass–clover, irrespective of fertilization, may be implemented. However, the contribution of continuous rhizodeposition and fine root turnover to root‐derived C input need to be accounted for.
A multi‐model likelihood analysis of unprecedented extreme rainfall along the east coast of Australia
Authors: Irving Damien B. , Risbey James S. , Squire Dougal T. , Matear Richard , Tozer Carly , Monselesan Didier P. , Ramesh Nandini , Reddy P. Jyoteeshkumar , Freund Mandy 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA large stretch of the east coast of Australia experienced unprecedented rainfall and flooding over a two‐week period in early 2022. It is difficult to reliably estimate the likelihood of such a rare event from the relatively short observational record, so an alternative is to use data from an ensemble prediction system (e.g., a seasonal or decadal forecast system) to obtain a much larger sample of simulated weather events. This so‐called ‘UNSEEN’ method has been successfully applied in several scientific studies, but those studies typically rely on a single prediction system. In this study, we use data from the Decadal Climate Prediction Project to explore the model uncertainty associated with the UNSEEN method by assessing 10 different hindcast ensembles. Using the 15‐day rainfall total averaged over the river catchments impacted by the 2022 east coast event, we find that the models produce a wide range of likelihood estimates. Even after excluding a number of models that fail basic fidelity tests, estimates of the event return period ranged from 320 to 1814 years. The vast majority of models suggested the event is rarer than a standard extreme value assessment of the observational record (297 years). Such large model uncertainty suggests that multi‐model analysis should become part of the standard UNSEEN procedure.
Outcomes of Near‐Total and Subtotal Resection of Sporadic Vestibular Schwannoma: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Kocharyan Armine , Daher Ghazal S. , Curry Steven D. , Klimara Miles J. , Farrokhian Nathan , Coleman Sarah , Oleson Jacob , Manzoor Nauman F. , Carlson Matthew L. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate tumor control and facial nerve outcomes after gross‐total (GTR), near‐total (NTR), and subtotal resection (STR) of sporadic vestibular schwannomas (VS).Data SourcesPubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched in August 2021 through inception following PRISMA guidelines.Review MethodsEnglish language articles reporting tumor control and facial nerve outcomes of adults (≥18 years) with NTR and STR of VS were evaluated. Study characteristics, demographics data, tumor characteristics, type of surgical intervention, and outcome measures on tumor control and facial nerve function were collected. Pooled relative risk (RR) estimates for tumor recurrence and facial nerve outcomes were calculated and stratified by extent of resection.ResultsFrom an initial search of 2504 articles, 48 studies were included in the analysis. When comparing 1108 patients who underwent NTR to 3349 patients with GTR, the pooled RR of recurrence in the NTR cohort was 2.94 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.65‐5.24, P = .0002). When comparing 1016 patients who underwent STR to 6171 patients with GTR, the pooled RR of recurrence in the STR cohort was 11.50 (95% CI 6.64‐19.92, P < .0001). Estimates for risk of tumor regrowth for less‐than‐complete resection are presented. There was no elevated risk of adverse facial nerve outcome (defined as House‐Brackmann grade III and above) in each category of extent of resection compared to GTR.ConclusionExtent of resection predicts risk of tumor recurrence/regrowth following microsurgical resection. Favorable facial nerve outcome should be weighed against the increased risk of regrowth and the potential need for further treatment.
Thermal buckling analysis of composite doubly‐curved shells with viscoelastic core
Authors: Zhai Yanchun , Chang Lirong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractComposite sandwich double‐curved shells (CSDCS) have been extensively employed in the engineering domain of variable temperature environments; consequently, it becomes very significant and essential to present the thermal buckling characteristics of CSDCS to supply some valuable numerical results. The no‐linear strain–displacement relationship due to temperature variation has been taken into consideration based on the Von‐Karman non‐linear strain theory, and Hamilton's principle is adapted to derive the buckling differential equations of the CSDCS. The Navier method is employed to solve the eigenvalue problem for obtaining the critical buckling temperature. Finally, through studying the variation rule of thermal buckling temperature (CBT), several interesting findings on thermal buckling of the CSDCS are shown, as follows: As the h3/h1 rises, the CBTs of CSDCS first decrease then increase. With the increase of radius value, the CBTs of spherical shells decline, the CBTs of models (1,1) and (2,2) of hyperbolic paraboloidal shells are essentially unchanged, but the ones of models (1,2) and (2,1) decrease. As the h2 increases, the CBT progressively grows after the initial reduction. With the increase in aspect ratio, the CBTs for modes (1,1) and (2,1) of CSDCS gradually increase, and the ones of modes (1,2) and (2,2) shows an increase after an initial decrease. The CBTs of CSDCS gradually increase as the shear module of damping layer increases.Highlights
Thermal buckling of composite doubly‐curved sandwich shells was studied.
A solution was proposed to derive the buckling differential equations.
The change rules of critical buckling temperature were obtained.
Mechanically robust, corrosion and impact resistance polyimide nanofiber/epoxy composite by mechanochemical fabrication
Authors: Zhao Kangbo , Cai Rui , Guo Shuang , Yuan Haochen , Fu Yuxin , Araby Sherif , Meng Qingshi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to explore the application of a mechanochemical method for effectively integrating polyimide nanofibers, which are widely recognized for their outstanding thermal and mechanical properties, into an epoxy resin matrix. The researchers observed an 87.5% reduction in the diameter of polyimide nanofibers after mechanical treatment. The dispersion, compatibility, and interface between the nanofibers and epoxy matrix were analyzed using molecular dynamics simulations and scanning electron microscopy. The addition of polyimide nanofibers significantly increased the binding energy of the composite, resulting in a 52.8% improvement. Moreover, compared to pure epoxy resin, the inclusion of modified polyimide nanofibers led to a 21.9% increase in tensile strength and an 18.8% increase in impact strength. The PI/epoxy composite also exhibited a 15.6% increase in tensile strength and a 16.4% increase in impact strength. Additionally, electrochemical corrosion analysis showed that the PI/epoxy composite had excellent corrosion resistance. In conclusion, due to the exceptional mechanical properties and strong interfacial adhesion of polyimide nanofibers, the PI/epoxy resin composite demonstrated significant overall performance improvement compared to pure epoxy resin.Highlights
Mechanochemical method to disperse polyimide fiber, shorter and finer fibers were obtained
Improve performance by adding small amounts
Microscopic analysis of composites by Materials Studio, PIENFs efficiently improved the interaction on the phase interface
Experiments have verified that PIENFs could make the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance
π‐Conjugated polyfluorenes with o‐phenylenediamine unit: Synthesis, optical and electrochemical properties, charge transfer complexation, and DNA sensing
Authors: Tomita Masahiro , Yamaguchi Isao , Wang Aohan 
Published: June 2024

Abstractπ‐Conjugated polyfluorenes (PPs) comprising 2,3‐diaminobenzene‐1,4‐diyl (unit A) and 9,9‐dihexylfluorene‐2,7‐diyl (polymer‐1) or 9,9‐bis(6‐N,N,N,‐trimethylammoniumhexyl)fluorene‐2,7‐diyl (unit B) (polymer‐2) units were synthesized using Suzuki‐Miyaura coupling polycondensation. To compare the chemical properties and functionality of polymer‐2, a water‐soluble PP comprising benzene‐1,4‐diyl and unit B (polymer‐3) was synthesized. Polymer‐1 exhibited solvatochromism: the photoluminescence (PL) peak of the polymer in solutions shifted to a longer wavelength with an increase in the dielectric constants of solvents. Polymer‐1 formed charge transfer (CT) complexes with organic electron acceptors. The CT complexation behavior was systematically elucidated by the PL measurements using Stern–Volmer and Benesi–Hildebrand methods. Water‐soluble polymer‐2 could be used as a sensor for the chain length of telomere DNA by monitoring the changes in its PL intensity upon the addition of the analyte. The DNA sensing performance of polymer‐2 surpassed that of polymer‐3, attributed to the presence of unit A in polymer‐2. This unit brought polymer‐2 closer to DNA through hydrogen bonding between the amino group of polymer‐2 and nucleic acids in DNA. This interaction facilitated the occurrence of CT from the polymer backbone to DNA.
Chemical composition analysis of Qingyan dropping pills using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography‐quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Shu Lexin , Qiu Huixin , He Yufan , Zhang Shumin , Qian Jun , Liu Sitong , Kou Xiaodi , Zhao Qiduo , Li Yubo 
Published: June 2024

RationaleThis study developed a method for the rapid classification and identification of the chemical composition of Qingyan dropping pills (QDP) to provide the theoretical basis and data foundation for further in‐depth research on the pharmacological substance basis of the formula and the selection of quality control indexes.MethodsUltra‐high performance liquid chromatography‐quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS) and data postprocessing technology were used to analyze the chemical composition of QDP. The fragmentation information on possible characteristic fragments and related neutral losses was summarized based on the literature and was compared with the MS data obtained from the assay, and thus a rapid classification and identification of chemical components in QDP could be achieved.ResultsA total of 73 compounds were identified, namely 24 flavonoids, 14 terpenoids, 30 organic acids and their esters, 3 alkaloids, and 2 phenylpropanoids.ConclusionsIn this study, UHPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS and data postprocessing technology were used to realize the rapid classification and identification of the chemical constituents of QDP, which provided a comprehensive, efficient, and fast qualitative analysis method, a basis for further quality control and safe medication of QDP.
A haptic guidance system for simulated catheter navigation with different kinaesthetic feedback profiles
Authors: Abbasi‐Hashemi Taha , Janabi‐Sharifi Farrokh , Cheema Asim N. , Zareinia Kourosh 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis paper proposes a haptic guidance system to improve catheter navigation within a simulated environment.MethodsThree force profiles were constructed to evaluate the system: collision prevention; centreline navigation; and a novel force profile of reinforcement learning (RL). All force profiles were evaluated from the left common iliac to the right atrium.ResultsOur findings show that providing haptic feedback improved surgical safety compared to visual‐only feedback. If staying inside the vasculature is the priority, RL provides the safest option. It is also shown that the performance of each force profile varies in different anatomical regions.ConclusionThe implications of these findings are significant, as they hold the potential to improve how and when haptic feedback is applied for cardiovascular intervention.
Achieving High Operating‐Temperature Self‐powered X‐Ray Detection in Multilayered Hybrid Perovskites through Arylamine Intercalation
Authors: Li Junlin , Zhu Tingting , Ye Huang , Guan Qianwen , You Shihai , Li Ruiqing , Geng Yaru , Luo Junhua 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPolar metal halide hybrid perovskites (PHPs) that exhibit outstanding bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE), excellent semiconductor features, and strong radiation absorption ability, have shown prominent advantages in highly sensitive direct X‐ray detection. However, it is still a challenge to explore PHPs with high BPVE temperature ranges, answering the demand of developing thermally stable passive X‐ray detection. Herein, by intercalating arylamine into lead tribromide and inducing order‐disorder phase transition, a 2D multilayered PHPs (BZA)2(MA)Pb2Br7 (BZPB, BZA = benzylamine, MA = methylamine) is synthesized. BZPB crystallizes in a polar space group Aea2 at a low‐temperature phase and demonstrates a significant open‐circuit of 0.3 V deriving from BPVE under X‐ray irradiation. Meanwhile, the strong X‐ray absorption coefficient and outstanding carrier transport capability of the bilayered lead halide framework associated with the polar BPVE give BZPB excellent X‐ray detection abilities. At 0 V bias, the impressive sensitivity of BZPB is 98 µC Gy−1 cm−2. Importantly, the introduction of the rigid BZA ring increases the energy barrier of phase transition and thus dramatically enhances the X‐ray detection operating temperature of BZPB up to 409 K without significant performance degradation. This work strongly reveals the great potential of rational design of metal halide hybrid perovskites for X‐ray detection applications.
Enhancing Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation on WO3 via Electrochromic Modulation: Universal Effects and Mechanistic Insights
Authors: Li Kangqiang , Yin Yefeng , Diao Peng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAlthough WO3 exhibits both electrochromic and photoelectrochemical (PEC) properties, there is no research conducted to investigate the correlation between them. The study herein reports the electrochromic enhancement of PEC activity on WO3. The electrochromic WO3 (e‐WO3) exhibits a significantly enhanced activity for PEC water oxidation compared to raw WO3 (r‐WO3), with a limiting photocurrent density three times that of r‐WO3. The electrochromic enhancement of PEC activity is universal and independent of the type of cations inserted during electrochromism. Decoloring reduces the PEC activity but a simple re‐coloring restores the activity to its maximum value. Electrochromism induces large amounts of oxygen vacancies and surface states, the former improving the electron density of WO3 and the latter facilitating the hole transfer across e‐WO3/electrolyte interface. It is proved that the electrochromic enhancement effect is due to the significantly improved electron–hole separation efficiency and the charge transfer efficiency across the WO3/electrolyte interface.