bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of hepatocellular carcinoma in American and Asian patients by tissue array analysis
Authors: Song Tae‐Jin , Fong Yuman , Cho Sung‐Jin , Gönen Mithat , Hezel Michael , Tuorto Scott , Choi Sang‐Yong , Kim Young‐Chul , Suh Sung‐Ock , Koo Bum‐Hwan , Chae Yang‐Seok , Jarnagin William R. , Klimstra David S. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Although some epidemiologic and etiologic differences between Asian and Western HCC are known, detailed comparative studies with pathologic correlations have not been performed.MethodsParaffin sections of resected HCC specimens from Memorial Sloan‐Kettering Cancer Center and Korea University Medical Center were used to construct tissue microarrays. Immunohistochemical staining of microarray sections was performed using antibodies against markers of proliferation and regulators of cell cycle. Patient data were correlated with staining results.ResultsWhen comparing both cohorts, significant differences were found in expression of p53 and MDM2. In the Asian group, more frequent positive staining for p53 (24%) was observed compared with the American group (9%; P = 0.037). For MDM2, 26% of American cases stained positive compared with 2% of Asian cases (P = 0.0003). No significant differences were found in expression of Ki67, p21, p27, cyclin D1, or bcl2. Female gender, vascular invasion, and lack of viral hepatitis infection correlated with positive MDM2 staining.ConclusionThese data likely correlate with differences in molecular pathogenesis of HCC based on racial and regional differences. These findings may have implications in choice of molecular targeted therapies based on patient ethnicity. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 106:84–88. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Improved guideline compliance after a 3‐year audit of multidisciplinary colorectal cancer care in the western part of the Netherlands
Authors: van der Geest Lydia G.M. , Krijnen Pieta , Wouters Michel W.J.M. , Erkelens Willemien (G.)W. , Marinelli Andreas W.K.S. , Nortier Hans (J.)W.R. , Tollenaar Rob A.E.M. , Struikmans Henk ,   On behalf of the hospitals in the region of the Comprehensive Cancer Centre the Netherlands (CCCNL), Location Leiden
Published: January 2012

AbstractBackgroundFrom 2006 to 2008, an audit of the multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer patients in the western part of the Netherlands was carried out. We evaluated whether compliance with guidelines had improved.MethodsAll patients with newly diagnosed and surgically treated colon (n = 1,667) and rectal cancer (n = 544) stage I–III were evaluated. Nine quality indicators were derived from the evidence‐based guidelines. In order to compare hospital performances, hospital results were adjusted for casemix differences between hospitals.ResultsColon cancer patients showed an increase in the examination of 10 or more lymph nodes (from 53% to 78%, P < 0.0001). For rectal cancer patients there was an increase in preoperative visualisation of the total colon (63–74%, P = 0.02), MRI (73–85%, P = 0.003), radiotherapy (from 82% to 93% for patients <75 years, P = 0.01) and examination of at least 10 lymph nodes (40–55%, P = 0.004). In 2006, standardised hospital performances differed widely for all quality indicators. Two years later, hospital performances for some quality indicators were more similar.ConclusionsAfter the feedback of benchmark information, compliance with guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer patients improved, and differences between individual hospitals decreased. Although secular trends cannot be ruled out, it is highly likely that these results can be attributed to the audit. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 106:1–9. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Development of an online capillary comprehensive 2D‐LC system for the analysis of proteome samples
Authors: Sommella Eduardo , Cacciola Francesco , Donato Paola , Dugo Paola , Campiglia Pietro , Mondello Luigi 
Published: January 2012

AbstractIn the present contribution, a fully automated capillary comprehensive two‐dimensional LC (LC×LC) method, for proteomic analysis, was developed for the first time. The investigated platform was characterized by the coupling of high‐pH RP with low‐pH RP separations thus ensuring the generation of high peak capacity despite the employment of identical stationary phases. The use of capillary columns in both dimensions allowed to reduce mobile‐phase consumption and enhance sensitivity. Fraction transfer from the first to the second dimension was performed by means of two 2‐position 6‐port nano‐switching valves, under stop‐flow conditions. Values as high as 1208 and 955 were obtained for the theoretical and practical peak capacity, respectively. The investigated LC×LC system showed good retention time repeatibility with RSD values ranging from 0.8 to 6.0% for the first dimension and from 1.0 to 3.0% for the second dimension, respectively. RSD peak area values below 9.5% were also attained, thus demonstrating the precision of the LC×LC method employed.
IR laser absorption diagnostic for C2H4 in shock tube kinetics studies
Authors: Ren Wei , Davidson David F. , Hanson Ronald K. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractAn IR laser absorption diagnostic has been further developed for accurate and sensitive time‐resolved measurements of ethylene in shock tube kinetic experiments. The diagnostic utilizes the P14 line of a tunable CO2 gas laser at 10.532 μm (the (0 0 1) → (1 0 0) vibrational band) and achieves improved signal‐to‐noise ratio by using IR photovoltaic detectors and accurate identification of the P14 line via an MIR wavemeter. Ethylene absorption cross sections were measured over 643–1959 K and 0.3–18.6 atm behind both incident and reflected shock waves, showing evident exponential decay with temperature. Very weak pressure dependence was observed over the pressure range of 1.2–18.6 atm. By measuring ethylene decomposition time histories at high‐temperature conditions (1519–1895 K, 2.0–2.8 atm) behind reflected shocks, the rate coefficient of the dominant elementary reaction C2H4 + M → C2H2 + H2 + M was determined to be k1 = (2.6 ± 0.5) × 1016exp(−34,130/T, K) cm3 mol−1 s−1 with low data scatter. Ethylene concentration time histories were also measured during the oxidation of 0.5% C2H4/O2/Ar mixtures varying in equivalence ratio from 0.25 to 2. Initial reflected shock conditions ranged from 1267 to 1440 K and 2.95 to 3.45 atm. The measured time histories were compared to the modeled predictions of four ethylene oxidation mechanisms, showing excellent agreement with the Ranzi et al. mechanism (updated in 2011). This diagnostic scheme provides a promising tool for the study and validation of detailed hydrocarbon pyrolysis and oxidation mechanisms of fuel surrogates and realistic fuels. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 44: 423–432, 2012
RUNOFF AND SEDIMENT FROM ORCHARD TERRACES IN SOUTHEASTERN CHINA
Authors: Li X. H. , Yang J. , Zhao C. Y , Wang B. 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTThe severity of soil erosion is considered to vary according to the structure of the bench terrace and the ground cover conditions. Erosion losses were investigated in a field experiment based on 20 m × 5 m erosion plots on a 21 per cent slope in Southern China. Five plots were established for the present study. Rainfall, runoff and sediment yield from plots were recorded for 5 years (2001–2005) and which five different types of terraces on sloping red soil were compared. The results show that the planting of grass on the riser is the most important factor affecting runoff and sediment yield, the next most important factor was the construction of a bund built on the edge of the terrace. Although the terrace bed slope (slope < 5 degrees) does not significantly affect the runoff, it does benefit the soil. A terrace combined with vegetation measures is effective in controlling runoff and soil erosion. Among various terraces, the level terrace (i.e. grass planted on the riser and bunds built on the edge of a bench terrace) is apparently the most beneficial for soil conservation purposes, indicating that this type is an excellent choice for conserving soil and water resources in sloping red soil in Southeastern China. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Valvular heart disease in patients exposed to pergolide: insights from the clinical presentation
Authors: Krishnaswami Ashok , Albers Kathleen B. , Fross Robin D. , Jang James J. , Berkheimer Sarah B. , Kwai Ben Valerie C. , VanDenEeden Stephen K. 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTPurposeThe aim of this study was to determine whether the presence of symptoms would aid in the detection of valvular heart disease (VHD) in those exposed to pergolide.MethodsUtilizing a prospective, cross‐sectional study design, patients with an exposure to pergolide were asked regarding the presence or absence of chest pain, shortness of breath or lower extremity edema through a questionnaire. Echocardiograms were obtained on the same day as the questionnaire and were blinded to all staff involved in the study. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of the reported symptoms towards the outcome moderate or severe valvular regurgitation were obtained. Using the area under the receiver‐operating characteristic curve, we also ascertained whether a relationship existed between symptoms, pergolide dose and presence of VHD. To understand the associations between symptoms and echocardiographic covariates, a logistic regression analysis was performed adjusted for age and gender.ResultsThe sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of symptom presentation and total dose was sufficiently low that it did not aid in the determination whether significant valvular regurgitation was present. Multivariable analysis noted a significant association with indexed left atrial volume (p = 0.011), estimated pulmonary artery pressure (p = 0.047) and shortness of breath.ConclusionsThe presence or absence of symptoms does not help guide whether valvular regurgitation is present or absent in individuals exposed to pergolide. Therefore, echocardiography is needed to confirm or refute pergolide‐associated VHD. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impact of a health safety warning and prior authorisation on the use of piroxicam: a time‐series study
Authors: Carracedo‐Martínez Eduardo , Pia‐Morandeira Agustin , Figueiras Adolfo 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe aim of this study was to assess the quantitative changes in systemic use of piroxicam after the issue of a health safety warning about its risks and the subsequent implementation of prior authorisation.MethodsWe determined the number of monthly daily defined doses/1000 inhabitants/day (DHDs) of piroxicam in the period 2005–2008 in a health area in Spain. The data were analysed graphically, and the impact of the safety warning and introduction of prior authorisation were estimated by using segmented regression analysis.ResultsThe graph showed that the number of DHDs of piroxicam was stable both before and after the health safety warning but registered a very marked decrease after implementation of prior authorisation, after which DHDs of piroxicam remained stable at a 98% inferior level compared with previous to prior authorisation. Segmented regression analysis showed no statistically significant immediate jump in piroxicam utilisation after the safety warning nor a change in the slope afterwards, but it did show a significant immediate jump after prior authorisation.ConclusionPopulation exposure to systemic piroxicam remained unaffected by a previous health safety warning but declined sharply after the introduction of prior authorisation. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
8q24 risk alleles in West African and Caribbean men
Authors: Murphy Adam B. , Ukoli Flora , Freeman Vincent , Bennett Frankly , Aiken William , Tulloch Trevor , Coard Kathleen , Angwafo Fru , Kittles Rick A. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBACKGROUNDMultiple genetic studies have confirmed associations of 8q24 variants with susceptibility to prostate cancer (CaP). However, the magnitude of risk conferred in men living in West Africa is unknown.METHODSHere we determine the prevalence of 8q24 risk alleles and test for association with CaP risk alleles in West African (WA) descent populations from rural Nigeria, Cameroon, and the Caribbean island of Jamaica. Ten 8q24 SNPs were genotyped in histologically confirmed CaP cases (n = 308) and clinically evaluated controls (n = 469). In addition, unrelated individuals from Sierra Leone (n = 380) were genotyped for comparison of allele frequency comparisons.RESULTSSNPs rs6983561, rs7008482, and rs16901979 were significantly associated with CaP risk in WAs (P < 0.03). No associations with CaP were observed in our Caribbean samples. Risk alleles for rs6983267, rs7008482, and rs7000448 were highly prevalent (>84%) in West Africa. We also reveal that the A‐risk allele for the ‘African‐specific’ SNP bd11934905 was not observed in 1,886 chromosomes from three WA ethnic groups suggesting that this allele may not be common across West Africa, but is geographically restricted to specific ethnic group(s).CONCLUSIONSWe provide evidence of association of 8q24 SNPs with prostate cancer risk in men from Nigeria and Cameroon. Our study is the first to reveal genetic risk due to 8q24 variants (in particular, region 2) with CaP within two WA countries. Most importantly, in light of the disparate burden of CaP in African‐Americans, our findings support the need for larger genetic studies in WA descent populations to validate and discern function of susceptibility loci in the 8q24 region. Prostate 72:1366–1373, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
HOW DOES RESTORED HABITAT FOR CHINOOK SALMON (ONCORHYNCHUS TSHAWYTSCHA) IN THE MERCED RIVER IN CALIFORNIA COMPARE WITH OTHER CHINOOK STREAMS?
Authors: Albertson L. K. , Koenig L. E. , Lewis B. L. , Zeug S. C. , Harrison L. R. , Cardinale B. J. 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTThe amount of time and money spent on restoring rivers for declining populations of salmon has grown substantially in recent decades. But despite the infusion of resources, many studies suggest that salmon populations are continuing to decline, leading some to question the effectiveness of restoration efforts. Here we examine whether a particular form of salmon restoration—channel reconfiguration with gravel augmentation—generates physical and biological habitat that is comparable with other streams that support salmon. We compared a suite of habitat features known to influence the various life stages of Chinook salmon in a restoration project in California's Merced River with 19 other streams that also support Chinook that we surveyed in the same geographic region. Our survey showed that riffle habitats in the restored site of the Merced River have flow discharge and depth, substrate and food web characteristics that cannot be distinguished from other streams that support Chinook, suggesting that these factors are unlikely to be bottlenecks to salmon recovery in the Merced. However, compared with other streams in the region, the Merced has minimal riparian cover, fewer undercut banks, less woody debris and higher water temperatures, suggesting that these factors might limit salmon recovery. After identifying aspects in the Merced that differ from other streams, we used principal components analysis to correlate salmon densities to independent axes of environmental variation measured during our survey. These analyses suggested that salmon densities tend to be greatest in streams that have more undercut banks and woody debris and lower water temperatures. These are the same environmental factors that appear to be missing from the Merced River restoration effort. Collectively, our results narrow the set of candidate factors that may limit salmon recovery in channel reconfiguration restoration efforts. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Assessing the security of internet‐connected critical infrastructures
Authors: Ghani Hamza , Khelil Abdelmajid , Suri Neeraj , Csertán György , Gönczy László , Urbanics Gábor , Clarke James 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTBecause the Internet of Things (IoT) pervasively extends to all facets of life, the “things” are increasingly extending to include the interconnection of the Internet to critical infrastructures (CIs) such as telecommunication, power grid, transportation, e‐commerce systems, and others. The objective of this paper is twofold: (i) addressing IoT from a CI protection (CIP) and connectivity viewpoint, and (ii) highlighting the need for security quantification to improve the quality of protection (QoP) of CIs. Using a financial infrastructure as an example, a CIP and trust quantification perspective is built up. To this end, we are developing a novel security metrics‐based approach to assess and thereon enhance the CIP. We focus on the communication level of the CI where IoT is playing an increasingly important role with respect to sensing and communication across CI elements. Determining the security and dependability level of the communication over the CI constitutes a basic precondition for assessing the QoP of the whole CI, which is needed for any efforts to improve this QoP. Because metrics play a central role for such quantification, this paper develops their QoP use from an IoT perspective, and a reference implementation along with experimental results is presented. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Data mining for oil‐insulated power transformers: an advanced literature survey
Authors: Huang Yann‐Chang , Huang Chao‐Ming , Sun Huo‐Ching 
Published: January 2012

AbstractKnowledge discovery in database and data mining (DM) have emerged as high profile, rapidly evolving, urgently needed, and highly practical approaches to use dissolved gas analysis (DGA) data to monitor conditions and faults in oil‐immersed power transformers. This study reviews different DM approaches to oil‐immersed power transformer maintenance by discussing historical developments and presenting state‐of‐the‐art DM methods. Relevant publications covering a broad range of artificial intelligence methods are reviewed. Current approaches to the latter method are discussed in the field of DM for oil‐immersed power transformers. In this paper, various DM approaches are discussed, including expert systems, fuzzy logic, neural networks, classification and decision, and hybrid intelligent‐based diagnostic systems that apply the DGA database. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.This article is categorized under:

Application Areas > Industry Specific Applications
An Egg‐Enriched Diet Attenuates Plasma Lipids and Mediates Cholesterol Metabolism of High‐Cholesterol Fed Rats
Authors: Yang Fang , Ma Meihu , Xu Jia , Yu Xiufang , Qiu Ning 
Published: January 2012

AbstractWe investigated the influence of an egg‐enriched diet on plasma, hepatic and fecal lipid levels and on gene expression levels of transporters, receptors and enzymes involved in cholesterol metabolism. Sprague–Dawley rats fed an egg‐enriched diet had lower plasma triglycerides, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL)‐cholesterol, hepatic triglyceride, and cholesterol concentrations, and greater plasma high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration, fecal neutral sterol and bile acid concentrations than those fed a plain cholesterol diet. Chicken egg yolk had no effect on sterol 12α‐hydroxylase and sterol 27α‐hydroxylase; but upregulated mRNA levels of hepatic LDL‐receptor, cholesterol 7α‐hydroxylase (CYP7A1) and lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase, and downregulated hepatic hydroxymethylglutaryl‐(HMG)‐CoA reductase and acyl‐CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) after 90 days. Modification of the lipoprotein profile by an egg‐enriched diet was mediated by reducing de novo cholesterol synthesis and enhancing the excretion of fecal cholesterol, via upregulation of CYP7A1 and the LDL receptor, and downregulation of HMG‐CoA reductase and ACAT.
Reduced maternal and cord nerve growth factor levels in preterm deliveries
Authors: Dhobale Madhavi , Mehendale Savita , Pisal Hemlata , Nimbargi Vandana , Joshi Sadhana 
Published: January 2012

AbstractNerve growth factor (NGF) is a neurotrophin, which exerts an important role in the development and function of the central and peripheral nervous system. There is limited information regarding the levels of NGF during pregnancy and its role in fetal development. We have earlier reported increased oxidative stress in pregnancy complications. The present study examines the levels of NGF in maternal and cord samples in preterm deliveries and its association with oxidative stress marker. A total number of 96 women delivering preterm (<37 weeks gestation) and 94 women delivering at term (control group) (≥37 weeks gestation) were recruited. Plasma NGF levels were measured in both mother and cord plasma using the Emax Immuno Assay System Promega kit. Maternal and cord plasma NGF levels were significantly reduced (p < 0.05 for both) in women delivering preterm as compared to term. There was a positive association between maternal and cord plasma NGF levels (p = 0.022). Maternal NGF levels were negatively (p = 0.017) associated with maternal malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Reduced cord NGF levels may affect fetal growth in preterm deliveries which may have implications for the neurodevelopmental pathologies in later life. Circulating maternal NGF levels in preterm pregnancies may be a useful marker to predict NGF levels in the neonate.
Diagnosis and treatment of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia
Authors: Wee Wei‐Wei , Chia Yin N. , Yam Philip K.‐L. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo audit our experience of the diagnosis and treatment of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VAIN) in Kandang Kerbau Women's Hospital, Singapore.MethodsThe clinical records of the patients diagnosed as having VAIN at our institution in the calendar year 2009 were periodically reviewed until March 2011.ResultsThere were 21 cases of VAIN. The mean follow‐up duration was 18.2 months. The lesion grades were VAIN 1 in 9 patients (42.9%), VAIN 2 in 9 patients (42.9%), and VAIN 3 in 3 patients (14.3%). The mean patient age was 39.1 years. Sixteen patients (76.2%) were referred to our institution because of abnormal results to cytology tests and 4 patients (21.9%) were referred because of vaginal warts. The remaining patient was diagnosed from a surgical specimen. The diagnosis involved a cytology test, a colposcopic examination, an acetowhite test, a Schiller test, and a colposcopy‐directed biopsy. The treatments varied and included watchful waiting but carbon dioxide laser vaporization was used the most frequently.ConclusionAfter 6 months of follow‐up 18 patients were considered cured, for an overall cure rate of 85.7%. Two patients wanted no treatment and disease remained persistent in 1 patient despite laser vaporization and intravaginal applications of imiquimod cream.
When consumers care about being treated fairly: The interaction of relationship norms and fairness norms
Authors: Aggarwal Pankaj , Larrick Richard P. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractPrior research suggests that people assess overall fairness of an event by focusing on the distribution of the final outcome (distributive fairness) and on how they are treated by others during the conflict resolution process (interactional fairness). The primary goal of this work is to use a social relationship framework to study differences in consumers' responses to interactional fairness as revealed by their evaluations of a brand. Two types of relationships are examined—exchange relationships in which benefits are given to get something back in return; and communal relationships in which benefits are given to take care of others' needs. Results of two studies suggest that the type of consumers' relationship with the brand moderates the effect of interactional fairness such that consumers who have a communal relationship are more responsive to interactional fairness under conditions of low distributive fairness while those who have an exchange relationship are more responsive under conditions of high distributive fairness.