bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EMA beamline at Sirius: A versatile platform to probe glass and glass ceramics under extreme thermodynamic conditions
Authors: Pena Rafaella Bartz , da Silveira Rafael Abel , Hippler Gisele , Evaristo Leonardo de Lima , Corrêa Lucas Eduardo , do Carmo Danusa , Souza‐Neto Narcizo Marques , Pereira Altair Soria , Kaneko Ulisses Ferreira , Buchner Silvio , dos Reis Ricardo Donizeth 
Published: June 2024

AbstractGlass and glass ceramics are very functional materials, albeit their structural complexity. Their relevance ranges from fundamental science problems in the fields of physics, chemistry, and geoscience, to applications in health areas, engineering, or technological matters that require high performance. Enhancing our understanding of these materials' performance and refining sample preparation methods remains paramount in this field. Synchrotron facilities offer a suite of powerful techniques for the detailed characterization of glasses and glass ceramics. These methods provide valuable insights into their atomic and molecular structure, phase transformations, mechanical behavior, and thermal properties, ultimately contributing to the development of improved materials for a wide range of applications. In‐depth investigations conducted under extreme conditions of pressure and temperature have yielded pivotal insights into densification mechanisms, phase transitions, crystallization kinetics, and their consequential macroscopic properties. The emergence of fourth‐generation synchrotrons brings in a wave of novel experimental possibilities that may exert a profound influence on this field in the coming decade. In this study, we unveil a selection of the remarkable capabilities now accessible to researchers at the Brazilian Synchrotron Light Source—Sirius, within the realm of extreme methods of analysis (EMA) beamline for investigating vitreous systems under extreme conditions.
Parents and children in resettled refugee families: What are determinants of informational parental support?
Authors: van der Ent Barbara , van der Linden Meta , Dagevos Jaco 
Published: June 2024

AbstractParental support is vital for the well‐being and resilience of children with a refugee background as they navigate resettlement. However, providing such parental support is challenging for parents facing significant life changes due to involuntary migration and are unfamiliar with their new society. This study distinguishes between emotional and informational support, focusing on whether parents prioritize informational parental support–involving advice or exchanging information–and examines its determinants. We applied a multiple linear regression model on a data set with 254 recently‐arrived refugee parents of 10‐ to 16‐year‐olds. Results indicate that informational support is predicted by both the parent's educational level as well as their Dutch language proficiency. We conclude that enhancing language proficiency is crucial to empower parents in offering more informational support to their children, aiding their understanding of the new society.
SARS‐CoV‐2 Vaccination is Not Associated With Involuntary Childlessness in Female Healthcare Workers: A Multicenter Cohort Study
Authors: Dörr Tamara , Güsewell Sabine , Cusini Alexia , Brucher Angela , Goppel Stephan , Grässli Fabian , Betschon Elsbeth , Möller J. Carsten , Ortner Manuela , Ruetti Markus , Stocker Reto , Vuichard‐Gysin Danielle , Besold Ulrike , Risch Lorenz , von Kietzell Matthias , Schlegel Matthias , Kuster Stefan P. , Kahlert Christian R. , Kohler Philipp ,   for the SURPRISE (SURveillance of infectious diseases among health Professionals In SwitzErland) Study Group
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThere is debate about the causes of the recent birth rate decline in high‐income countries worldwide. During the pandemic, concern about the effects on reproductive health has caused vaccine hesitancy. We investigated the association of SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination and infection with involuntary childlessness.MethodsFemales in fertility age within a prospective multicenter cohort of healthcare workers (HCW) were followed since August 2020. Data on baseline health, SARS‐CoV‐2‐infection, and vaccination were obtained and regularly updated, in which serum samples were collected repetitively and screened for anti‐nucleocapsid and anti‐spike antibodies. In October 2023, participants indicated the presence of involuntary childlessness with onset during the pandemic, whereas those indicating an onset before the pandemic were excluded. The association of involuntary childlessness and SARS‐CoV‐2‐vaccination and infection was investigated using univariable and multivariable analysis. Sensitivity analysis was performed to compare those reporting involuntary childlessness with those birthing a child since 2020.ResultsOf 798 participants, 26 (3.2%) reported involuntary childlessness starting since the pandemic. Of the involuntary childless women, 73.1% (19/26) were vaccinated compared to 86.0% (664/772) without involuntary childlessness (p = 0.73). SARS‐CoV‐2 infection was reported by 76.9% (20/26) compared to 72.4% (559/772) of controls (p = 0.64). Neither SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination (aOR 0.91 per dose, 95%CI 0.67–1.26) nor infection (aOR per infection 1.05, 95%CI 0.62–1.71) was associated with involuntary childlessness. Sensitivity analysis confirmed these results.ConclusionsAmong female HCW of fertility age, 3.2% indicated involuntary childlessness, which is comparable to pre‐pandemic data. No association between involuntary childlessness and SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination or infection was found.
Machine learning‐based identification of a cell death‐related signature associated with prognosis and immune infiltration in glioma
Authors: Zhou Quanwei , Wu Fei , Zhang Wenlong , Guo Youwei , Jiang Xingjun , Yan Xuejun , Ke Yiquan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAccumulating evidence suggests that a wide variety of cell deaths are deeply involved in cancer immunity. However, their roles in glioma have not been explored. We employed a logistic regression model with the shrinkage regularization operator (LASSO) Cox combined with seven machine learning algorithms to analyse the patterns of cell death (including cuproptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, apoptosis and necrosis) in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort. The performance of the nomogram was assessed through the use of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and calibration curves. Cell‐type identification was estimated by using the cell‐type identification by estimating relative subsets of known RNA transcripts (CIBERSORT) and single sample gene set enrichment analysis methods. Hub genes associated with the prognostic model were screened through machine learning techniques. The expression pattern and clinical significance of MYD88 were investigated via immunohistochemistry (IHC). The cell death score represents an independent prognostic factor for poor outcomes in glioma patients and has a distinctly superior accuracy to that of 10 published signatures. The nomogram performed well in predicting outcomes according to time‐dependent ROC and calibration plots. In addition, a high‐risk score was significantly related to high expression of immune checkpoint molecules and dense infiltration of protumor cells, these findings were associated with a cell death‐based prognostic model. Upregulated MYD88 expression was associated with malignant phenotypes and undesirable prognoses according to the IHC. Furthermore, high MYD88 expression was associated with poor clinical outcomes and was positively related to CD163, PD‐L1 and vimentin expression in the in‐horse cohort. The cell death score provides a precise stratification and immune status for glioma. MYD88 was found to be an outstanding representative that might play an important role in glioma.
Utilizing Response Time for Item Selection in On‐the‐Fly Multistage Adaptive Testing for PISA Assessment
Authors: Tang Xiuxiu , Zheng Yi , Wu Tong , Hau Kit‐Tai , Chang Hua‐Hua 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMultistage adaptive testing (MST) has been recently adopted for international large‐scale assessments such as Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). MST offers improved measurement efficiency over traditional nonadaptive tests and improved practical convenience over single‐item‐adaptive computerized adaptive testing (CAT). As a third alternative adaptive test design to MST and CAT, Zheng and Chang proposed the “on‐the‐fly multistage adaptive testing” (OMST), which combines the benefits of MST and CAT and offsets their limitations. In this study, we adopted the OMST design while also incorporating response time (RT) in item selection. Via simulations emulating the PISA 2018 reading test, including using the real item attributes and replicating PISA 2018 reading test's MST design, we compared the performance of our OMST designs against the simulated MST design in (1) measurement accuracy of test takers’ ability, (2) test time efficiency and consistency, and (3) expected gains in precision by design. We also investigated the performance of OMST in item bank usage and constraints management. Results show great potential for the proposed RT‐incorporated OMST designs to be used for PISA and potentially other international large‐scale assessments.
Global poverty: A Review of Measurement, Levels, and Trends in a Historical Perspective
Authors: Moatsos Michail 
Published: June 2024

AbstractGlobal poverty both in terms of conceptualization and measurement has been the point of a long‐standing debate for at least the last 20 years. The debate mostly evolves around the appropriateness of the dominant dollar‐a‐day approach—conceptualized and popularized by the World Bank since the early 1990s—and the quest for (better) alternatives. The most prominent alternatives are the cost of basic needs method and the capabilities/multidimensional. However, the later lacks medium and long run global reach due to data limitations. In addition, global poverty estimates across the literature resist meaningful direct comparison due to the substantial methodological differences between each attempt, even using the same broad methodological framework. More welfare demanding definitions of cost of basic needs implementation, building upon the EAT‐Lancet healthy reference diet, indicate that global poverty has reduced at a much lower rate, and its estimates diverge at an increasing rate from the dollar‐a‐day definition of extreme poverty. This review compares the two main approaches on the definition and measurement of global poverty and contrasts available results with a focus in the long run implementations.
Pharmacologic management of trigeminal nerve injury after endodontic treatment: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Park Keun Jeong , Choi Eunhye , Jung Il Young , Kim Seong Taek 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundTrigeminal nerve injury following endodontic treatment, leading to unpleasant sensations or partial sensory loss in the face or oral mucosa, is uncommon but significant when it occurs.ObjectiveThis study analysed the pharmacological management of trigeminal nerve injuries (TNI) in a university‐based hospital.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of 47 patients who visited the Department of Orofacial Pain and Oral Medicine at Yonsei University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea, after TNI following endodontic procedures in primary clinics. Both objective tests and subjective evaluations, assessed the extent and duration of sensory injury during the initial visit. The patient's initial symptoms, presumed cause of TNI, referral delay (time interval between TNI and the first visit to our clinic), and medications were analysed to determine whether these factors affected the outcomes.ResultsMost patients with TNI experienced dysesthesia with hypoesthesia (70.2%). The mandibular molars were predominantly affected (72.3%), with the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN), lingual nerve (LN), both IAN and LN, and maxillary nerve compromised in 83.0, 12.8, 2.1, and 2.1% of cases, respectively. Causes of TNI included local anaesthesia (29.8%), overfilling/over‐instrumentation (25.5%), endodontic surgery (17.0%), and unknown factors (27.7%). A shorter referral delay was associated with better outcomes, with an average delay of 8.6 weeks for symptom improvement compared with 44.1 weeks for no change. The medication regimens included steroids, NSAIDs, topical lidocaine, vitamin B complex, Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP), antiepileptics, antidepressants, and opioids administered alone or in combination, with a mean duration of 20.7 weeks. 53.2% of the patients reported improvement in their symptoms, 27.7% experienced no significant change, and 19.1% had unknown outcomes.ConclusionsSwift referral to an orofacial pain specialist is recommended for effective recovery in cases of TNI arising from endodontic treatment.
Low‐energy red light‐emitting diode irradiation enhances osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells by regulating miR‐146a‐5p
Authors: Ren Yajiao , Wang Shifen , Li Hao , Li Jiaxin , Lan Xiaorong , Wang Yao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimsThe study aimed to investigate the role of miR‐146a‐5p in osteogenesis of hPDLSCs irradiated with low‐energy red LEDs.MethodsAfter irradiation with 5 J/cm2 red LED, miR‐146a‐5p expression was detected by real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR), and osteogenic markers expression was determined by RT‐qPCR and Western blotting. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was assessed by ALP staining, and mineralization was assessed by Alizarin Red staining, respectively. Lentiviral vectors were designed to regulate miR‐146a‐5p expression. Dual‐luciferase reporter assay was performed to confirm the targeted relationship between miR‐146a‐5p and MAPK1. Short hairpin RNA (shRNA) was used to regulate MAPK1 expression.ResultsRT‐qPCR and western blotting revealed that 5 J/cm2 irradiation elevated the levels of the osteogenic markers osterix (OSX) and bone sialoprotein (BSP) in hPDLSCs. miR‐146a‐5p is downregulated in hPDLSCs under the low‐energy red LED light irradiation. miR‐146a‐5p underexpression markedly promoted the osteogenic potential of hPDLSCs. miR‐146a‐5p targeted MAPK1. 5 J/cm2 red LED irradiation rescued the inhibitory effects of upregulated miR‐146a‐5p on osteogenic differentiation, and the positive influence of red LED irradiation could be reversed by downregulated MAPK1.ConclusionThese findings confirm that miR‐146a‐5p is involved in the effect of LED irradiation on the osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs by targeting MAPK1. Red LED irradiation may be a potential clinical adjunct therapy for periodontal regeneration.
Robots at work: New evidence with recent data
Authors: Almeida Derick , Sequeira Tiago Neves 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe reassess the relationship between robotization and the growth in labor productivity with more recent data. We discover that the effect of robot density in the growth productivity substantially decreased in the post‐2008 period. In this period, the lower positive effect of robot density in the growth of labor productivity is less dependent on the increase in value added. The data analysis dismisses any positive effect of robotization on hours worked. Results are confirmed by several robustness checks, cross‐sectional (and panel‐data) Instrumental Variable and quantile regression analysis. By means of the quantile regression analysis, we learn that the effect of robots on labor productivity is stronger for low productivity sectors and that in the most recent period, the effect of robotization felt significantly throughout the distribution. This highlights one of the possible sources of stagnation in the era of robotization and have implication both for labor market and R&D policies.
Bacterial chromatin proteins, transcription, and DNA topology: Inseparable partners in the control of gene expression
Authors: Hustmyer Christine M. , Landick Robert 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDNA in bacterial chromosomes is organized into higher‐order structures by DNA‐binding proteins called nucleoid‐associated proteins (NAPs) or bacterial chromatin proteins (BCPs). BCPs often bind to or near DNA loci transcribed by RNA polymerase (RNAP) and can either increase or decrease gene expression. To understand the mechanisms by which BCPs alter transcription, one must consider both steric effects and the topological forces that arise when DNA deviates from its fully relaxed double‐helical structure. Transcribing RNAP creates DNA negative (−) supercoils upstream and positive (+) supercoils downstream whenever RNAP and DNA are unable to rotate freely. This (−) and (+) supercoiling generates topological forces that resist forward translocation of DNA through RNAP unless the supercoiling is constrained by BCPs or relieved by topoisomerases. BCPs also may enhance topological stress and overall can either inhibit or aid transcription. Here, we review current understanding of how RNAP, BCPs, and DNA topology interplay to control gene expression.
ppGpp is a dual‐role regulator involved in balancing iron absorption and prodiginine biosynthesis in Pseudoalteromonas
Authors: Wei Ning , Zha Fanglan , Zhou Luosai , Xu Hongyang , Liu Zhuangzhuang , Meng Qiu , Zhu Tingheng , Yin Jianhua , Yu Zhiliang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIron is an essential element for microbial survival and secondary metabolism. However, excess iron availability and overloaded secondary metabolites can hinder microbial growth and survival. Microorganisms must tightly control iron homeostasis and secondary metabolism. Our previous studies have found that the stringent starvation protein A (SspA) positively regulates prodiginine biosynthesis by activating iron uptake in Pseudoalteromonas sp. strain R3. It is believed that the interaction between SspA and the small nucleotide ppGpp is important for iron to exert regulation functions. However, the roles of ppGpp in iron absorption and prodiginine biosynthesis, and the underlying relationship between ppGpp and SspA in strain R3 remain unclear. In this study, we found that ppGpp accumulation in strain R3 could be induced by limiting iron. In addition, ppGpp not only positively regulated iron uptake and prodiginine biosynthesis via increasing the SspA level but also directly repressed iron uptake and prodiginine biosynthesis independent of SspA, highlighting the finding that ppGpp can stabilize both iron levels and prodiginine production. Notably, the abolishment of ppGpp significantly increased prodiginine production, thus providing a theoretical basis for manipulating prodiginine production in the future. This dynamic ppGpp‐mediated interaction between iron uptake and prodiginine biosynthesis has significant implications for understanding the roles of nutrient uptake and secondary metabolism for the survival of bacteria in unfavorable environments.
Two‐pore channel 2 is required for soluble adenylyl cyclase‐dependent regulation of melanosomal pH and melanin synthesis
Authors: Zhou Dalee , Eraslan Zuhal , Miller Dawson , Taylor Isobel , You Jaewon , Grondin Samuel J. , Vega Martha , Manga Prashiela , Goff Philip S. , Sviderskaya Elena V. , Gross Steven S. , Chen Qiuying , Zippin Jonathan H. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMelanosomal pH is important for the synthesis of melanin as the rate‐limiting enzyme, tyrosinase, is very pH‐sensitive. The soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) signaling pathway was recently identified as a regulator of melanosomal pH in melanocytes; however, the melanosomal proteins critical for sAC‐dependent regulation of melanosomal pH were undefined. We now systematically examine four well‐characterized melanosomal membrane proteins to determine whether any of them are required for sAC‐dependent regulation of melanosomal pH. We find that OA1, OCA2, and SLC45A2 are dispensable for sAC‐dependent regulation of melanosomal pH. In contrast, TPC2 activity is required for sAC‐dependent regulation of melanosomal pH and melanin synthesis. In addition, activation of TPC2 by NAADP‐AM rescues melanosomal pH alkalinization and reduces melanin synthesis following pharmacologic or genetic inhibition of sAC signaling. These studies establish TPC2 as a critical melanosomal protein for sAC‐dependent regulation of melanosomal pH and pigmentation.
Modulatory effect of vitamin B6 on sex hormone receptors, thyroid, and kisspeptin/kiss1r system in the uterus of pseudopregnant bitches
Authors: Santos Luciano Cardoso , Santana Larissa Rodrigues , Niella Raquel Vieira , Machado William Morais , Silva Juneo Freitas , Snoeck Paola Pereira das Neves 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study evaluated whether the treatment of pseudopregnancy in bitches with vitamin B6 modulates uterine expression of receptors for progesterone (PR), oestrogen (ERα), androgen (AR), thyroid hormone (TRα) and the kisspeptin/Kiss1r system. Eighteen pseudopregnant bitches were treated for 20 days in groups receiving placebo (n = 6); cabergoline (5 μg/kg/day; n = 6); or vitamin B6 (50 mg/kg/day; n = 6). Blood was collected on the 1st day of drug administration and 120 h later to measure serum prolactin (PRL). After treatment, they were ovariohysterectomized and uterine fragments were collected for histomorphometry and immunohistochemical evaluation of PR, ERα, AR, TRα, Kiss1 and Kiss1r. After 120 h of cabergoline or vitamin B6 treatment, PRL levels were reduced in the bitches, confirming the antiprolactinemic effect of these drugs. Furthermore, regardless of treatment, the animals exhibited uterine histomorphometry consistent with dioestrus. The PR showed strong immunostaining in all regions and an increase in scores was observed for this receptor in animals treated with vitamin B6 in deep glands. In contrast, ERα and Kiss1R receptors showed weak to no immunostaining in all uterine regions and no changes between groups. Regarding AR, most animals treated with vitamin B6 showed increased trends in the deep gland and myometrium marking scores. In contrast, in both vitamin B6 and cabergoline treatments, a reduction in TRα marking scores was observed compared to the control group. In addition, on the endometrial surface, a reduction was observed in the marked area of Kiss1 after administration of cabergoline when compared to the pseudopregnant control group. These findings shed valuable insight into the use of vitamin B6 as a drug with actions similar to cabergoline in reducing PRL and uterine modulation in bitches.
Harmonizing fiscal policy: Indirect taxes and global public goods
Authors: Lopez‐Garcia Miguel‐Angel 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis article focuses on the welfare effects of the interaction of a rule of indirect tax harmonization under the destination principle and the provision of public goods that are global in nature. It stresses the role of international transfers between governments set in order to equalize the social (i.e., worldwide) marginal cost of public funds across countries. Under this condition, it is shown how the combination of the tax and expenditure side of such a “harmonizing fiscal policy” can give rise to a potential Pareto improvement. This requires considering aggregate revenue effects (and the ensuing effects on the provision of public goods) of the fiscal reform jointly with under/over provision of public goods in the (first‐best) Samuelson sense.