bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pectin from Duckweed (Lemnaceae) As Potential Commercial Pectin and Its Gelling Function in Food Production: A Review
Authors: Hanis Nadia Yahya  , Nazariyah Yahaya  , Kamilah Huda Baihagi  , Norlelawati Ariffin  , Yahya Hafiza 
Published: April 2024

Duckweed, a small flowering plant which comes from Lemnaceae family, has been rising in popularity to many researches and applications for its numerous valuable functional properties. One of its special features is fast growing plant and easily adapted to various types of regions which makes it attractive to be manipulated in many applications including in biofuel production, waste water treatment and also for pharmaceutical and medicinal purposes. Pectin is the common component found in plant cell wall and it has been used as food additive for its capability to gel, emulsify and stabilize food products. Several requirements for commercial pectin such as galacturonic acid content (GalA) and degree of amidation have been regulated. Studies have proven that duckweed have significant amount of pectin which make it as a potential source of gelling agent in food industry. However, the structural properties of pectin from duckweed need to be investigated, in order to ensure if they meet the regulated requirements for industrial production. It is also to determine the suitability of duckweed pectin utilization in different type of food products since pectin of different sources have different structural characteristics, thus exhibit different gelling capability. This present review discusses on the potential of pectin from duckweed species to be utilized as food additive with gelling function in food products. Several extraction methods also have been reviewed, which each of them showed different efficiency and affect the extracted pectin characteristics.
A Review on Cosmetic Formulations and Physicochemical Characteristics of Emollient and Day Cream Using Vegetable Based-Wax Ester
Authors: Nooratiqah Azmi  , Salina Mat Radzi  , Maryam Mohamed Rehan  , Nur Amalina Mohd Amin  
Published: April 2024

The cosmetic sector is one of the fastest-growing industries and continuously evolving as new technology is established. Skincare, haircare, make-up, and body care items were among the products available. Cosmetic formulas have progressed in recent years, allowing for the creation of more beneficial cosmetics. In chemistry, solids, liquids, and gases are primarily physicochemical characteristics. These are typically determined by a density, refractive index (RI), oxidation state, and vibrational frequency measurement. Physical and chemical qualities show a distinct feature that aids in the formulation of an enhanced emollient and day cream. This paper focuses on physicochemical characteristics such as RI, saponification value (SV), iodine value (IV), and acid value (AV). As for this review, the use of synthesised vegetable-based wax ester was utilised to formulate emollient and day cream. The esterification of vegetable-based waxes was performed by synthesising oleic acid from vegetable-based products and oleyl alcohol in the solvent.
Validez y fiabilidad de la batería funcional ARISTO en gimnasia rítmica (BFAGR) aplicada a gimnastas adolescentes de nivel avanzado
Authors: Montosa Mirón Isabel 
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: La gimnasia rítmica implica la realización de gran numero de habilidades motoras que requieren capacidades específicas. El objetivo fue determinar la validez y fiabilidad test-retest de las 10 pruebas que componen la batería Funcional Aristo en Gimnasia Rítmica (BFAGR).
Método: Participaron 51 gimnastas de nivel avanzado con edades entre 12 y 19 años. Se utilizó la razón de validez de contenido para calcular el Índice de Validez de contenido (RIVC) de la batería global evaluada por 16 expertos. Se aplicó el Coeficiente de Correlación Intraclase (CCI) para la confiabilidad inter-evaluadores y la fiabilidad test-retest con un intervalo de siete días. En caso de no cumplirse los supuestos de normalidad y homocedasticidad, se optó por el método de Bland y Altman para la estimación de la confiabilidad.
Resultados: Los resultados muestran la validez de la BFAGR con un IVC global elevado de 0.81 La confiabilidad inter-evaluadores es alta presentando valores superiores a 0,99 en todas las pruebas. El CCI indicó muy buena reproducibilidad (> 0,90) en las pruebas “Spagat antero posterior a derecha”, “Elevación frontal de pierna derecha e izquierda y mantener”, Puente en spagat, “Zancada (flexibilidad dinámica)” y saltos dobles de comba. Igualmente, se presumió la presencia de concordancia a través del método Bland y Altman, en las pruebas “Spagat antero posterior a izquierda”.
Conclusiones: Los cálculos de validez y confiabilidad, confirman que seis pruebas (dos bilaterales) de la BFAGR preliminar son adecuadas para la valoración de la condición física específica en gimnastas de estas edades.
Demonstrating ChatGPT possibilities for the libraries
Authors: Zemskov A. I. , Telitsyna A. Y. 
Published: April 2024

The authors analyze the materials in librarianship generated with artificial intelligence (AI). They demonstrate that AI generates the texts very close to the common style and format of publications in the area. The goal of the article is to warn the users of the AI-generated works and possibly, to prevent violation of publishing ethics. The authors undertook comprehensive comparison to evaluate the quality and similarity of text materials, and application of the generated predictive text (GPT) technology in librarianship. The advantages and disadvantages of both approaches are revealed. The findings of the study are important to understand the AI capabilities and limitations in librarianship and to identify the contexts where the computerized systems are most efficient as compared to human authors. The ChatGPT is an excellent reference and complementary tool based on the accumulated samples. The materials created by ChatGPT are legally close to encyclopedic or dictionary entries, however, they have no actual author(s), i.e. these materials are independent creative works therefore they can hardly be protected by general copyright. The authors recommend to indicate the AIgenerated parts of works, argue that further development of juridical foundations for GPT materials is needed, and invite everyone to discussion.The study is accomplished within the framework of the NRU HSE Fundamental Studies Program.
On the art critic M. I. Fabrikant’s report “The second five-year plan of scientific libraries for arts” (on the history of Soviet librarianship in the 1930s)
Authors: Kholodnykh G. V. 
Published: April 2024

The personal archive of the art critic M. I. Fabricant (1887–1966), now in the collection of the Scientific Library of Lomonosov Moscow State University, comprises many documents in the book science, arts bibliography, and Soviet-era library science. The author publishes the exegetical text of the two draft versions of the report by M. I. Fabricant “The second five-year plan of scientific libraries for arts”. The dating of this document, presumably written shortly before June 19, 1932, is substantiated; the historical and political situation in the country of that period is described. The library science terminology then emerging and reflecting the political rhetoric of the five-year plans for Soviet economy is discussed. The use of technical terms in the humanitarian sphere is accentuated, e. g. “cultural construction”, “library construction”; within the collectivization paradigm, the terms characterized new methods of organization of work: “collection mobilization”, “consolidation”, “association”, “centralization”, “affiliating”, “hubbing”, “hub (central) library”, “general arts departments”; or the terms reflected the collective nature of work, like “brigades”, “groups” of museum libraries, art experts, “mass reader”, “library activists”. The number of terms characterized the specifics of museum libraries: “special library”, “scientific library”, “cultural and historical library”, “arts library”, “scientific library for arts”, “museum library”, “museum and arts library”, “isobibliothek” [“fine arts library”], “library for arts studies”.Scientific specificity of HAC: 5.10.4. “Library science, bibliography and book science (philological sciences)”.
Demokrasi Yang Berkualitas: Peran Mahasiswa Dan Generasi Milenial Dalam Pengawasan Pemilu 2024
Authors: Syakhila Hindun Dias Syakhila , Venesia Putri Oktavianingrum  , Rara An'nisaa  
Published: April 2024

Pemilihan umum atau pemilu merupakan proses demokrasi yang sangat penting bagi suatu negara. Proses pemilu yang bersih, jujur, adil dan terbuka memberikan keyakinan kepada masyarakat bahwa negara sungguh-sungguh memperhatikan hak-hak warga negaranya dalam menunjuk pemimpin dan wakilnya di badan legislatif dan eksekutif. Generasi milenial dinilai sebagai generasi yang melek informasi dan pandai dalam menyerap informasi. Pemberian pendidikan politik tidak bisa dilihat sebagai formalitas yang hanya merasuki ranah idealisme politik dan teori politik di kampus-kampus yang lebih “melangit”, karena media pendidikan politik sudah selayaknya, harus “mengakar” dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Artikel ini bertujuan memperkuat kesadaran dini generasi muda untuk berpartisipasi aktif dalam proses politik, seperti mampu menggunakan hak pilih, menjadi pemantau pemilu dan memotivasi generasi muda.
Kata Kunci : Pemilu, politik,mahasiswa
Comparison of short-term efficacy of two bipolar radiofrequency ablation forceps for rheumatic heart disease concomitant with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Zhang Ning , Hou Ming , Mei Bo , Liu Yong , Lai Ying-long 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundCurrently, the bipolar radiofrequency ablation forceps manufactured by AtriCure are the main instrument for surgical ablation in patients with rheumatic heart disease (RHD) concomitant with atrial fibrillation (AF). The bipolar radiofrequency ablation forceps by Med-Zenith has a greater advantage in price compared with AtriCure. However, few studies have been reported on the comparison of their clinical efficacy. The aim of this study is to compare the short-term clinical efficacy of the two ablation forceps for RHD concomitant with AF.MethodsClinical data of 167 patients with RHD concomitant with AF admitted to the Department of Cardiac Major Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, were retrospectively analyzed, and the restoration efficacy of sinus rhythm (SR) and cardiac function after surgery were compared with two ablation forceps.ResultsThe end-systolic diameter of the right atrium and the end-systolic diameter of the left atrium in the patients of both groups at each postoperative time point decreased compared with that of the preoperative period (P &lt; 0.05), and the left ventricular ejection fraction started to improve significantly at 6 months after surgery compared with that of the preoperative period (P &lt; 0.05). There was no difference between the two groups of patients in the comparison of the aforementioned indicators at different points in time (P &gt; 0.05). At 12 months postoperatively, the SR maintenance rate in using the ablation forceps by Med-Zenith (73.3%) was lower than that for AtriCure (86.4%) and the cumulative recurrence rate of AF in using the Med-Zenith ablation forceps was greater than that for AtriCure.ConclusionsThe two bipolar radiofrequency ablation forceps compared in the study are safe and effective in treating patients of RHD concomitant with AF, and the ablation forceps by AtriCure may be more effective in restoring SR in the short term.
Osteoporosis in Parkinson’s disease and the role of lean body mass: a cross-sectional study in a Brazilian tertiary center
Authors: Lima Danielle Pessoa , Chagas-Neto Francisco Abaeté das , Gomes de Luna João Rafael , Martins Yasmin de Oliveira , de Almeida Samuel Brito , Feitosa Camila Ximenes , Gradvohl Leticia Brasil , Rosa Isabele Dantas , Lopes Fábia Karine de Moura , Aragão Luciana Felipe Férrer , Viana-Júnior Antonio Brazil , Augusto Kristopherson Lustosa , Roriz-Filho Jarbas de Sá , d’Alva Catarina Brasil , Montenegro-Júnior Renan Magalhães , Braga-Neto Pedro 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundParkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative illness and has the highest increase rate in recent years. There is growing evidence to suggest that PD is linked to higher osteoporosis rates and risk of fractures.ObjectiveThis study aims to estimate the prevalence and factors associated with osteoporosis as defined by the National Osteoporosis Foundation (NOF) and World Health Organization in patients with mild to moderate PD.MethodsWe performed a cross-sectional study at a tertiary public hospital in Fortaleza, Brazil, dating from May 2021 until April 2022. The study sample was comprised of patients with mild to moderate PD who were at least 40 years old and who had the ability to walk and stand unassisted. Bone Mineral Density (BMD) of both the hip (neck of the femur) and the lumbar spine were obtained via properly calibrated Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) scanning. The FRAX (Fracture Risk Assessment Tool) score was used to determine a person’s 10-year risk of major osteoporotic fracture. The Revised European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP 2) was used as a basis to confirm a sarcopenia diagnosis with the following parameters: low muscle strength gauged by handgrip strength and low muscle quantity by DXA. Physical performance was carefully evaluated by using the Short Physical Performance Battery test. Osteoporosis and osteopenia were diagnosed following the NOF guidelines and WHO recommendations.ResultsWe evaluated 107 patients in total, of whom 45 (42%) were women. The group’s mean age was 68 ± 9 years, and the mean disease time span was 9.9 ± 6.0 years and mean motor UPDRS was 43 ± 15. We found that 42.1% and 34.6% of the sample had osteopenia and osteoporosis following NOF criteria, respectively, and 43% and 33.6% following the WHO recommendations. Lower lean appendicular mass was associated to osteopenia and osteoporosis in multinomial logistic regression analysis in both diagnostic criteria.ConclusionOur findings provide additional evidence for the protective role of lean mass against osteoporosis in patients with PD.
Identification of Dof transcription factors in Dendrobium huoshanense and expression pattern under abiotic stresses
Authors: Gu Fangli , Zhang Wenwu , Wang Tingting , He Xiaomei , Chen Naifu , Zhang Yingyu , Song Cheng 
Published: April 2024

Introduction: DNA-binding with one finger (Dof) transcription factors (TFs) are a unique family of TFs found in higher plants that regulate plant responses to light, hormones, and abiotic stresses. The specific involvement of Dof genes in the response to environmental stresses remains unknown in D. huoshanense.Methods: A total of 22 Dof family genes were identified from the D. huoshanense genome.Results: Chromosome location analysis showed that DhDof genes were distributed on 12 chromosomes, with the largest number of Dof genes located on chromosome 8. The phylogenetic tree revealed that DhDofs could be categorized into 11 distinct subgroups. In addition to the common groups, DhDof4, DhDof5, DhDof17, and the AtDof1.4 ortholog were clustered into the B3 subgroup. Group E was a newly identified branch, among which DhDof6, DhDof7, DhDof8, and DhDof9 were in an independent branch. The conserved motifs and gene structure revealed the differences in motif number and composition of DhDofs. The dof domain near the N-terminus was highly conserved and contained a C2-C2-type zinc finger structure linked with four cysteines. Microsynteny and interspecies collinearity revealed gene duplication events and phylogenetic tree among DhDofs. Large-scale gene duplication had not occurred among the DhDofs genes and only in one pair of genes on chromosome 13. Synteny blocks were found more often between D. huoshanense and its relatives and less often between Oryza sativa and Arabidopsis thaliana. Selection pressure analysis indicated that DhDof genes were subject to purifying selection. Expression profiles and correlation analyses revealed that the Dof gene under hormone treatments showed several different expression patterns. DhDof20 and DhDof21 had the highest expression levels and were co-expressed under MeJA induction. The cis-acting element analysis revealed that each DhDof had several regulatory elements involved in plant growth as well as abiotic stresses. qRT-PCR analysis demonstrated that DhDof2 was the main ABA-responsive gene and DhDof7 was the main cold stress-related gene. IAA suppressed the expression of some Dof candidates, and SA inhibited most of the candidate genes.Discussion: Our results may provide new insights for the further investigation of the Dof genes and the screening of the core stress-resistance genes.
Irreversible electroporation promotes a pro-inflammatory tumor microenvironment and anti-tumor immunity in a mouse pancreatic cancer model
Authors: Imran Khan Mohammad , Brock Rebecca M. , Beitel-White Natalie , Powar Manali , Orr Katie , Aycock Kenneth N. , Alinezhadbalalami Nastaran , Salameh Zaid S. , Eversole Paige , Tintera Benjamin , Markov Madanick Justin , Hendricks-Wenger Alissa , Coutermarsh-Ott Sheryl , Davalos Rafael V. , Allen Irving C. 
Published: April 2024

Pancreatic cancer is a significant cause of cancer-related mortality and often presents with limited treatment options. Pancreatic tumors are also notorious for their immunosuppressive microenvironment. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal tumor ablation modality that employs high-voltage microsecond pulses to transiently permeabilize cell membranes, ultimately inducing cell death. However, the understanding of IRE’s impact beyond the initiation of focal cell death in tumor tissue remains limited. In this study, we demonstrate that IRE triggers a unique mix of cell death pathways and orchestrates a shift in the local tumor microenvironment driven, in part, by reducing the myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) and regulatory T cell populations and increasing cytotoxic T lymphocytes and neutrophils. We further show that IRE drives induce cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase in vitro and promote inflammatory cell death pathways consistent with pyroptosis and programmed necrosis in vivo. IRE-treated mice exhibited a substantial extension in progression-free survival. However, within a span of 14 days, the tumor immune cell populations reverted to their pre-treatment composition, which resulted in an attenuation of the systemic immune response targeting contralateral tumors and ultimately resulting in tumor regrowth. Mechanistically, we show that IRE augments IFN- γ signaling, resulting in the up-regulation of the PD-L1 checkpoint in pancreatic cancer cells. Together, these findings shed light on potential mechanisms of tumor regrowth following IRE treatment and offer insights into co-therapeutic targets to improve treatment strategies.
Association between serum antinuclear antibody and rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Liu Fang , Wang Xiu-Qin , Zou Jian-Wen , Li Ming , Pan Cui-Cui , Si Yuan-Quan 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundThe relationship between serum antinuclear antibody (ANA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains unknown. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate whether serum ANA was associated with an increased risk of RA in a case–control study.MethodsPatients with rheumatoid arthritis hospitalized at Shandong Provincial Hospital from January 2018 to December 2022 were recruited as the case group, and patients with other types of arthritis and healthy people at the same time were taken as the control group. Antinuclear antibody (ANA) was detected by indirect immunofluorescence assays. Propensity score matching was employed to construct a cohort of patients exhibiting comparable baseline characteristics. The relationship between serum ANA and the risk of rheumatoid arthritis was analyzed by logistic regression analysis.ResultsA total of 1,175 patients with RA and 1,662 control subjects were included in this study. After adjusting for potential confounding factors in the propensity-score matched cohort, the risk of RA gradually increased with rising of ANA titers. When ANA titers were divided into three groups (1:100, 1:320, and 1:1,000), the OR (95% CI) for ANA titers from low to high was 3.95 (3.01, 5.18), 16.63 (9.44, 29.30), and 17.34 (9.53, 31.54), respectively, compared to those when ANA was negative. The ANA patterns closely related to the occurrence of RA include nuclear homogeneous, nuclear speckled, and cytoplasmic speckled. Among them, the positive rate of nuclear homogeneous was the highest, which accounted for 42.64%. The OR (95% CI) of ANA patterns including nuclear homogeneous, nuclear speckled, and cytoplasmic speckled was 16.81 (11.46, 24.65), 3.40 (2.49, 4.63), and 3.09 (1.77, 5.40), respectively.ConclusionThere was a curve relation between ANA titer and RA, and the higher the ANA titer, the higher the probability of RA. However, there was no statistical difference in probability of RA for 1:320 versus 1:1,000 ANA titers. The most important kind of ANA pattern in the blood of RA patients was nuclear homogeneous. These findings suggest that ANA may be a novel risk marker for RA.
Microglial repopulation restricts ocular inflammation and choroidal neovascularization in mice
Authors: Song Yinting , Liao Yuefeng , Liu Tong , Chen Yanxian , Wang Fei , Zhou Zixia , Zhang Weili , Li Jinying 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionAge-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a prevalent, chronic and progressive retinal degenerative disease characterized by an inflammatory response mediated by activated microglia accumulating in the retina. In this study, we demonstrate the therapeutically effects and the underlying mechanisms of microglial repopulation in the laser-induced choroidal neovascularization (CNV) model of exudative AMD.MethodsThe CSF1R inhibitor PLX3397 was used to establish a treatment paradigm for microglial repopulation in the retina. Neovascular leakage and neovascular area were examined by fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and immunostaining of whole-mount RPE-choroid-sclera complexes in CNV mice receiving PLX3397. Altered cellular senescence was measured by beta-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity and p16INK4a expression. The effect and mechanisms of repopulated microglia on leukocyte infiltration and the inflammatory response in CNV lesions were analyzed.ResultsWe showed that ten days of the CSF1R inhibitor PLX3397 treatment followed by 11 days of drug withdrawal was sufficient to stimulate rapid repopulation of the retina with new microglia. Microglial repopulation attenuated pathological choroid neovascularization and dampened cellular senescence in CNV lesions. Repopulating microglia exhibited lower levels of activation markers, enhanced phagocytic function and produced fewer cytokines involved in the immune response, thereby ameliorating leukocyte infiltration and attenuating the inflammatory response in CNV lesions.DiscussionThe microglial repopulation described herein are therefore a promising strategy for restricting inflammation and choroidal neovascularization, which are important players in the pathophysiology of AMD.