bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with postoperative efficacy evaluation in patients with morbid obesity
Authors: Chen Tai-Hsiang , Huang Wen-Wen , Lu Liu-Chun , Ma Chen-Chung 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe global obesity problem is becoming increasingly serious, with eight of the top ten causes of death in Taiwan in 2020 being related to obesity. Morbid obesity poses a significant threat to one’s health and well-being. In recent years, bariatric surgery has emerged as a more effective treatment option for patients with morbid obesity. However, the procedure is not without risks. This study aims to examine the factors that impact the postoperative efficacy evaluation of patients with morbid obesity. This study uses a retrospective cross-sectional design, with medical records being collected retrospectively. The data was collected from patients who underwent bariatric surgery between July 1, 2017 and June 30, 2020 at a hospital in southern Taiwan. A total of 663 patients were included in the study and were observed for 1 year after the surgery. The independent variables included demographic variables, perceived symptoms variables, perceived lifestyle variables, and surgery-related variables, while the dependent variables included weight loss outcomes and complications. The prognostic factors affecting the postoperative efficacy evaluation of patients with pathological obesity were determined using multiple regression analysis and binary regression analysis. The study found that 65.6% of the participants were female, with an average age of 36.8 years. The results of the multiple regression and binary logistic regression showed that gender, age, BMI, diabetes, and smoking habit were the predictors of postoperative weight loss. Hypertension, diabetes, liver disease, kidney disease, smoking habit, drinking habit, and operation time were the predictors of postoperative complications. The study found that the presence of the aforementioned 12 significant factors can affect the success of weight loss after surgery and the incidence of postoperative complications. This information can serve as a reference for clinical care institutions and patients to improve the postoperative efficacy evaluation.
Safety and surgical outcomes of robotic adrenalectomy from a 15-year experience at a single institution
Authors: Kim Kwangsoon , Park Dawon , Oh Moon Young , Chai Young Jun , Kim Hoon Yub 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRobotic adrenalectomy (RA) has gained significant popularity in the management of adrenal gland diseases. We report our experience at a single tertiary institution and evaluate the safety and surgical outcomes of RA. The data of 122 consecutive patients who underwent RA from October 2009 to December 2022 at Korea University Anam Hospital (Seoul, Korea) were reviewed. There were no perioperative complications. Clinicopathological features and surgical outcomes were retrospectively analyzed through complete chart reviews. Noteworthy findings include the influence of sex, tumor size, and body mass index on operation time, with the female and small tumor groups exhibiting shorter operation times (P = 0.018 and P = 0.009, respectively). Pheochromocytoma was identified as a significant independent risk factor for a longer operation time in the multivariate analysis [odds ratio (OR), 3.709; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.127–12.205; P = 0.031]. A temporal analysis revealed a decreasing trend in mean operation times across consecutive groups, reflecting a learning curve associated with RA adoption. RA is a safe and effective operative technique alternative to laparoscopic adrenalectomy that has favorable surgical outcomes and enhances the convenience of the operation.
Associations of clinical subtypes and bile acid levels of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy with pregnancy outcomes
Authors: Feng Fan , Li Juhong , Liao Junqun , Qin Shiyi , Liu Yaling , Che Xian , Zhou Yanjun , Jiang Dan , Xiao Huiqin , Chen Aixing , Shao Yong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) can lead to many adverse pregnancy outcomes, and the influencing factors remain unclear at present. This study retrospectively analyzed clinical data from 1815 pregnant women with ICP and evaluated the relationship between ICP subtypes, gestational age at onset, and pregnancy outcomes. The results of this study show that during pregnancy, the levels of biochemical indicators (TBA, DBIL and ALT) in the serum of pregnant women initially diagnosed with subtypes of ICP were noted to constantly change, and the subtype of ICP and its severity also changed. The incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes [meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF), NICU transfer, Apgar score ≤ 7 at 1 min, and preterm birth] in patients with ICP1 (icteric type) was significantly higher than for patients with ICP2, ICP3 or ICP4. The preterm birth rate of early-onset ICP was higher than that of late-onset ICP in ICP1 and ICP3 subtypes. In conclusion, the outcome of pregnancy in women with ICP is closely related to the serum TBA level and ICP subtype, which should be recognized in the clinic.
Doppler spread analysis for suppressing channel time variation in high‐mobility massive MIMO V2V communications
Authors: Yan Zeyu , Zhang Weile , Li Fuqiang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHere, fast time‐varying channels of high‐mobility vehicle‐to‐vehicle communications for massive multiple‐input multiple‐output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems are considered. Large‐scale uniform linear arrays are configured at the transmitter and receiver to separate multiple angle domain Doppler frequency offsets based on transmit and receive beamforming with high spatial resolution. Then, each beamforming branch comprises only one dominant Doppler frequency offset. Next, the conventional channel estimation method is performed for each beamforming branch, and carry out maximum‐ratio‐combining for data detection. Power spectrum density and Doppler spread of the equivalent link between the transmitter and receiver are derived and regarded as the criterion for assessing the residual channel time variation caused by limited antennas in practice. Interestingly, a scaling law between the asymptotic Doppler spread and the number of transceiver antennas shows that asymptotic Doppler spread is proportional to the maximum Doppler frequency offset and decreases at the rate of , where and are the number of transmit and receive antennas, respectively. Simulation results confirm the validity of the proposed Doppler suppression framework in high‐mobility vehicle‐to‐vehicle communications.
Small‐signal rotor angle stability of multi‐virtual synchronous machine (n‐VISMA) microgrid
Authors: Sanusi Kamilu Alabi , Beck Hans‐Peter 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAutonomous microgrid is known to lack appropriate inertia and damping for grid stabilization. Due to this, virtual synchronous machine (VISMA) has been introduced to provide necessary ancillary services through control of power converters. In a multi‐VISMA (n‐VISMA) microgrid, relative rotor angle stability of the power system is dependent on the active power balance after small perturbation. Thus, the use of relevant analytical models are essential issues for microgrid stability analysis. This paper presents a comprehensive small‐signal stability analysis to study inherent electromechanical oscillations in the virtual rotors. The subsystems of the microgrid consisting of VISMA, network, load and the outer power control were all modelled in Synchronous Reference Frame. The small‐signal model (SSM) was tested on IEEE‐9 bus system with VISMA replacing electromechanical synchronous machines on the network. To validate the developed numerical analytics, dynamic responses of the SSM are compared with those of the non‐linear (NL) system dynamics and the results reveal that the developed linearized SSM is sufficient to accurately characterize behaviour of the VISMA microgrid when operated in autonomous mode. Eigenvalues analysis and parameter sensitivities of the critical modes were investigated. Oscillatory participations of the VISMAs and steady state stability limit of the microgrid have also been investigated.
Design of overhead ground wire repair robot based on unmanned aerial vehicles
Authors: Yang Yang , Zeyu Lei , Bailong Yu , Xiong Yang , Wei Liu , Maosheng Yuan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAiming at the problem that it is impossible to accurately transport the aerial ground wire repair robot to the repair point and efficiently repair the ground wire broken strands and scattered strands, this paper designs an aerial ground wire repair robot based on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). Firstly, the mechanical structure of the overhead ground wire repair robot is selected and designed, and the information transmission and the cooperative operation of each module are realized. A landing mark based on ArUco code is designed, which uses C++ for visual navigation, and then uses the double closed‐loop Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) control method to control the position and attitude of the UAV, so as to realize the tracking of the robot position by the UAV. At the same time, the mechanical structure and the control method of the UAV hanging device are designed to cooperate with the overhead ground wire repair robot to ensure the accurate completion of the repair operation. Finally, a UAV‐based aerial ground wire repair robot prototype was developed and successfully applied to the repair operation of the broken strand of the aerial ground wire of the 66 to 67 tower of the 500 kV Jiangzi line in Ya'an. It is verified that the UAV‐based aerial ground wire repair robot studied in this paper has a good engineering application value.
Ionic liquid coating for charge mitigation of solar modules in space: Electron microscopy on insulating nanosphere lithography patterned surfaces
Authors: Wendt Mirco , Dorn Franziska , Lange Regina , Ludwig Ralf , Berdermann Jens , Barke Ingo , Speller Sylvia 
Published: May 2024

Surfaces of satellites and spacecraft are exposed to high energy charged particles from the solar wind, especially during space weather events. This can lead to differential charging, which is a common reason for hardware degradation and sensor errors. Solutions like coatings are required to avoid excessive cost and weight. Mimicking the electron part of space-like environments in ultra-high vacuum (UHV) chambers can be achieved by using electrons emitted by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). As a performance test for the discharge capabilities we use the quality of electron microscopy images on otherwise insulating substrates such as glass, structured by nanosphere lithography and coated with an ionic liquid (IL). Additionally, the surface potential was measured by Kelvin Probe Force Spectroscopy. The IL film (BMP DCA) was applied ex-situ and a thickness of 12.8 (±0.8) nm was determined by reflectometry and confirmed by dynamic atomic force microscopy. Such a film of ionic liquid would lead to an additional mass of below 20 mg and negligible additional material costs. The light absorption and influence of ionic liquid coatings on the current output of an actual solar cell were investigated. The results indicate, that these coatings are promising candidates for surface charge mitigation with a high potential for application.
Iodine(III)-Mediated Ring-Contraction Reactions Using Halogenated and Non-halogenated Solvents
Authors: Khan Ajmir , Nishan Umar , Badshah Amir , Ullah Riaz , Ali Essam A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe transformation of a six-membered ring into the corresponding five-membered product is an important synthetic approach used in medicinal chemistry and industrial technologies. However, the yield of the product obtained through a simple one-step reaction is lower in some reported solvent systems. Here, we present the ring contraction of 1,2-dihydronaphthalene derivatives into the corresponding indanes­ using an environmentally friendly reagent hydroxy(tosyloxy)iodobenzene (HTIB). This transformation is achieved in both non-halogenated and halogenated solvents. We show that the halogenated solvent system not only increased the yield of the anticipated product but also reduced the formation of by-products. This study delivers an important development regarding the effectiveness of hypervalent iodine reagents in halogenated and non-halogenated solvents for ring-contraction reactions.
Unraveling the excited-state vibrational cooling dynamics of chlorophyll-a using femtosecond broadband fluorescence spectroscopy
Authors: Liu Heyuan , Ruan Meixia , Mao Pengcheng , Wang Zhuan , Chen Hailong , Weng Yuxiang 
Published: May 2024

Understanding the dynamics of excited-state vibrational energy relaxation in photosynthetic pigments is crucial for elucidating the mechanisms underlying energy transfer processes in light-harvesting complexes. Utilizing advanced femtosecond broadband transient fluorescence (TF) spectroscopy, we explored the excited-state vibrational dynamics of Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) both in solution and within the light-harvesting complex II (LHCII). We discovered a vibrational cooling (VC) process occurring over ∼6 ps in Chl-a in ethanol solution following Soret band excitation, marked by a notable ultrafast TF blueshift and spectral narrowing. This VC process, crucial for regulating the vibronic lifetimes, was further elucidated through the direct observation of the population dynamics of higher vibrational states within the Qy electronic state. Notably, Chl-a within LHCII demonstrated significantly faster VC dynamics, unfolding within a few hundred femtoseconds and aligning with the ultrafast energy transfer processes observed within the complex. Our findings shed light on the complex interaction between electronic and vibrational states in photosynthetic pigments, underscoring the pivotal role of vibrational dynamics in enabling efficient energy transfer within light-harvesting complexes.
Thermopower and resistivity of the topological insulator Bi2Te3 in the amorphous and crystalline phase
Authors: Osmic E , Barzola-Quiquia J , Winnerl S , Böhlmann W , Häussler P 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We have, in-situ, prepared and measured the temperature dependence of thermopower S(T) and resistance R(T) of Bi2Te3 topological insulator (TI) thin films in the amorphous and crystalline phase. Samples were prepared by sequential flash-evaporation at liquid 4He temperature. The S(T) in the amorphous phase is negative and much larger compared to other known amorphous materials, while in the crystalline phase it is also negative and behaves linearly with the temperature. The resistivity

ρ
(
T
)

in the amorphous phase shows a semiconducting like behavior that changes to a linear metallic behavior after crystallization. S(T) an

ρ
(
T
)

results in the crystalline phase are in good agreement with results obtained both in bulk and thin films reported in the literature. Linear behavior of the

ρ
(
T
)

for T > 15 K indicates the typical metallic contribution from the surface states as observed in other TI novel materials. The low temperature conductivity T < 10 K exhibits logarithmic temperature dependent positive slope κ ≈ 0.21, indicating the dominance of electron-electron interaction (EEI) over the quantum interference effect, with a clear two dimensional nature of the contribution. Raman spectroscopy showed that the sample has crystallized in the trigonal

R

3
―

m

space group. Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy reveales high homogeneity in the concentration and no magnetic impurities introduced during preparation or growth.
Predicting photovoltaic parameters of perovskite solar cells using machine learning
Authors: Hui Zhan , Wang Min , Chen Jialu , Yin Xiang , Yue Yunliang , Lu Jing 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have garnered significant attention owing to their highly power conversion efficiency (PCE) and cost-effectiveness. Traditionally, screening for PSCs with superior photovoltaic parameters relies on resource-intensive trial-and-error experiments. Nowadays, time-saving machine learning (ML) techniques serve as an artificial intelligence approach to expedite the prediction of photovoltaic parameters using accumulated research datasets. In this study, we employ seven supervised ML methods to forecast key photovoltaic parameters for PSCs such as PCE, short-circuit current density (J
sc), open-circuit voltage (V
oc), and fill factor (FF). Particularly, we design an artificial neural network (ANN) architecture that incorporates residual connectivity and layer normalization after the linear layers to enhance the scope and adaptability of the network. For PCE and J
sc, ANN demonstrates superior prediction accuracy, yielding root mean square errors of 2.632% and 2.244 mA cm−2, respectively. The Random Forest (RF) model exhibits exceptional prediction performance for V
oc and FF. Additionally, an interpretability analysis of the model is conducted to elucidate the impact of features on PCE prediction, offering a novel approach for accurate and interpretable ML methods in the context of PSCs.
Cryogenic platform to investigate strong microwave cavity-spin coupling in correlated magnetic materials
Authors: Jones Aulden K , Mourigal Martin , Mounce Andrew M , Lilly Michael P 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe present a comprehensive exploration of loop-gap resonators for electron spin resonance (ESR) studies, enabling investigations into the hybridization of solid-state magnetic materials with microwave polariton modes. The experimental setup, implemented in aPhysical Property Measurement Systemby Quantum Design, allows for measurements of ESR spectra at temperatures as low as 2 Kelvin. The versatility of continuous wave ESR spectroscopy is demonstrated through experiments on CuSO4⋅5H2O and MgCr2O4, showcasing the g-tensor and magnetic susceptibilities of these materials. The study delves into the challenges of fitting spectra under strong hybridization conditions and underscores the significance of proper calibration and stabilization. The detailed guide provided serves as a valuable resource for laboratories interested in exploring hybrid quantum systems through microwave resonators.
Bio-inspired synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Salsola imbricata and its application as antibacterial additive in glass ionomer cement
Authors: Siddiqui Anosha , Gul Anum , Khan Hanzala , Anjum Fatima , Hussain Tabassum 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Nanotechnology has gained immense popularity and observed rapid development due to the remarkable physio-chemical properties of nanoparticles (NPs) and related nanomaterials. The green production of NPs has many benefits over traditional techniques because the current procedures are expensive, time-consuming, and involve harmful substances that limit their applicability. This study aimed to use a novel green source, the Salsola imbricata (SI) plant, which is commonly found in Central Asia and known for its medicinal properties as a reducing and stabilizing agent for the synthesis of AgNPs. The current study also utilized efficient statistical design, the Plackett–Burman Design (PBD) of Experiment method to synthesize the NPs. The characterization of NPs was carried out using UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The PBD results showed that only two out of four factors i.e. AgNO3 concentration and incubation time, were significant for the synthesis of SI-AgNPs. While remaining factors, incubation temperature and plant extract: AgNO3 ratio were non-significant. The SEM analysis result showed that SI-AgNPs had a size of 20–50 nm. The SI-AgNPs demonstrated strong antibacterial activity against oral pathogens such as S. mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus, with the highest efficacy observed at a concentration of 2 mg ml−1. The addition of SI-AgNPs in glass ionomer cement significantly increased the antibacterial activity of GIC against S. mutans. Based on the results of the current study, the plant based AgNPs can be further evaluated in detail as alternate antimicrobial agent either alone or in combination with other antimicrobial agents for different dental applications.
Abelian covers of hyperbolic surfaces: equidistribution of spectra and infinite volume mixing asymptotics for horocycle flows
Authors: Flaminio Livio , Ravotti Davide 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We consider Abelian covers of compact hyperbolic surfaces. We establish an asymptotic expansion of the correlations for the horocycle flow on

Z

d

-covers, thus proving a strong form of Krickeberg mixing. We also prove that the spectral measures around 0 of the Casimir operators on any increasing sequence of finite Abelian covers converge weakly to an absolutely continuous measure.
Recent advances and prospects for a GaN-based hybrid type ultraviolet photodetector
Authors: Zhang Jiaxin , Deng Liqiong , Xia Shihong , Guo Chenyu , Liu Kunzi , Chen Li , Liu Wei , Xiao Hui , Yang Zhenhai , Guo Wei , Ye Jichun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Solid-state ultraviolet (UV) photodetectors (PDs) have received significant attention due to their advantages of small size, absence of external cooling, high selectivity and the ability to utilize the energy band structure semiconductor materials to achieve detection across various wavelengths. III-nitride thin films, as typical wide bandgap semiconductors with mature n-type and p-type doping capabilities, are ideal candidates for solid-state UV-PDs. However, a combination of III-nitride and other wide bandgap materials can either enrich the functionality of devices such as spectrum-selective and broadband UV detectionor offer opportunities to enhance device performance, including high photoresponsivity, high external quantum efficiency, low dark current and fast response time. This topical review focuses on giving a thorough review of the III-nitride-based hybrid-type UV PDs, their recent progress and future prospects. We highlight the different optical and electrical properties of various materials including GaN, Ga2O3, ZnO, perovskite, etc. By carefully choosing the materials on both sides of the heterojunction and modulating the thickness and Fermi levels and corresponding layers, p–i–n, Schottky or metal–semiconductor–metal-type PDs were successfully fabricated. They displayed outstanding device performance and novel spectral-selective properties. The advantages for future development of these hybrid-type PDs will be discussed, such as inherently formed p–n junction with large depletion regions at the interface of two different materials and capability of bandgap engineering to tune the band offset between the conduction and valence bands, thus enabling large barrier height for one type of carrier without influencing the other. The drawbacks of hybrid-type UV-PD due to poor interface quality and challenges in forming electrical contact in nanostructured hybrid UV-PD will also be discussed.