bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distinct biological signature and modifiable risk factors underlie the comorbidity between major depressive disorder and cardiovascular disease
Authors: Bergstedt Jacob , Pasman Joëlle A. , Ma Ziyan , Harder Arvid , Yao Shuyang , Parker Nadine , Treur Jorien L. , Smit Dirk J. A. , Frei Oleksandr , Shadrin Alexey A. , Meijsen Joeri J. , Shen Qing , Hägg Sara , Tornvall Per , Buil Alfonso , Werge Thomas , Hjerling-Leffler Jens , Als Thomas D. , Børglum Anders D. , Lewis Cathryn M. , McIntosh Andrew M. , Valdimarsdóttir Unnur A. , Andreassen Ole A. , Sullivan Patrick F. , Lu Yi , Fang Fang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMajor depressive disorder (MDD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are often comorbid, resulting in excess morbidity and mortality. Here we show that CVDs share most of their genetic risk factors with MDD. Multivariate genome-wide association analysis of shared genetic liability between MDD and atherosclerotic CVD revealed seven loci and distinct patterns of tissue and brain cell-type enrichments, suggesting the involvement of the thalamus. Part of the genetic overlap was explained by shared inflammatory, metabolic and psychosocial or lifestyle risk factors. Our data indicated causal effects of genetic liability to MDD on CVD risk, but not from most CVDs to MDD, and showed that the causal effects were partly explained by metabolic and psychosocial or lifestyle factors. The distinct signature of MDD–atherosclerotic CVD comorbidity suggests an immunometabolic subtype of MDD that is more strongly associated with CVD than overall MDD. In summary, we identified biological mechanisms underlying MDD–CVD comorbidity and modifiable risk factors for prevention of CVD in individuals with MDD.
CD8+ T cells promote ZIKV clearance and mitigate testicular damage in mice
Authors: Campos Rafael K. , Liang Yuejin , Azar Sasha R. , Ly Judy , Camargos Vidyleison Neves , Hager-Soto E. Eldridge , Eyzaguirre Eduardo , Sun Jiaren , Rossi Shannan L. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractZika virus (ZIKV) causes human testicular inflammation and alterations in sperm parameters and causes testicular damage in mouse models. The involvement of individual immune cells in testicular damage is not fully understood. We detected virus in the testes of the interferon (IFN) α/β receptor−/− A129 mice three weeks post-infection and found elevated chemokines in the testes, suggesting chronic inflammation and long-term infection play a role in testicular damage. In the testes, myeloid cells and CD4+ T cells were absent at 7 dpi but were present at 23 days post-infection (dpi), and CD8+ T cell infiltration started at 7 dpi. CD8−/− mice with an antibody-depleted IFN response had a significant reduction in spermatogenesis, indicating that CD8+ T cells are essential to prevent testicular damage during long-term ZIKV infections. Our findings on the dynamics of testicular immune cells and the importance of CD8+ T cells function as a framework to understand mechanisms underlying observed inflammation and sperm alterations in humans.
Cryo-EM structure of a conjugative type IV secretion system suggests a molecular switch regulating pilus biogenesis
Authors: Macé Kévin , Waksman Gabriel 
Published: June 2024

AbstractConjugative type IV secretion systems (T4SS) mediate bacterial conjugation, a process that enables the unidirectional exchange of genetic materials between a donor and a recipient bacterial cell. Bacterial conjugation is the primary means by which antibiotic resistance genes spread among bacterial populations (Barlow 2009; Virolle et al, 2020). Conjugative T4SSs form pili: long extracellular filaments that connect with recipient cells. Previously, we solved the cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of a conjugative T4SS. In this article, based on additional data, we present a more complete T4SS cryo-EM structure than that published earlier. Novel structural features include details of the mismatch symmetry within the OMCC, the presence of a fourth VirB8 subunit in the asymmetric unit of both the arches and the inner membrane complex (IMC), and a hydrophobic VirB5 tip in the distal end of the stalk. Additionally, we provide previously undescribed structural insights into the protein VirB10 and identify a novel regulation mechanism of T4SS-mediated pilus biogenesis by this protein, that we believe is a key checkpoint for this process.
Latrophilin-2 mediates fluid shear stress mechanotransduction at endothelial junctions
Authors: Tanaka Keiichiro , Chen Minghao , Prendergast Andrew , Zhuang Zhenwu , Nasiri Ali , Joshi Divyesh , Hintzen Jared , Chung Minhwan , Kumar Abhishek , Mani Arya , Koleske Anthony , Crawford Jason , Nicoli Stefania , Schwartz Martin A 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEndothelial cell responses to fluid shear stress from blood flow are crucial for vascular development, function, and disease. A complex of PECAM-1, VE-cadherin, VEGF receptors (VEGFRs), and Plexin D1 located at cell–cell junctions mediates many of these events. However, available evidence suggests that another mechanosensor upstream of PECAM-1 initiates signaling. Hypothesizing that GPCR and Gα proteins may serve this role, we performed siRNA screening of Gα subunits and found that Gαi2 and Gαq/11 are required for activation of the junctional complex. We then developed a new activation assay, which showed that these G proteins are activated by flow. We next mapped the Gα residues required for activation and developed an affinity purification method that used this information to identify latrophilin-2 (Lphn2/ADGRL2) as the upstream GPCR. Latrophilin-2 is required for all PECAM-1 downstream events tested. In both mice and zebrafish, latrophilin-2 is required for flow-dependent angiogenesis and artery remodeling. Furthermore, endothelial-specific knockout demonstrates that latrophilin plays a role in flow-dependent artery remodeling. Human genetic data reveal a correlation between the latrophilin-2-encoding Adgrl2 gene and cardiovascular disease. Together, these results define a pathway that connects latrophilin-dependent G protein activation to subsequent endothelial signaling, vascular physiology, and disease.
Access to chiral sulfones with an all-carbon quaternary stereocenter from sulfur dioxide
Authors: Huang Chunxi , Zhang Xuemei , Luo Liping , Jia Xiuwen , Liao Jian , Lian Zhong 
Published: June 2024

A copper-catalyzed enantioselective four-component reaction via the insertion of sulfur dioxide toward the synthesis of chiral sulfones bearing an all-carbon quaternary stereocenter at the β position is reported.
The endothelin-1-driven tumor-stroma feed-forward loops in high-grade serous ovarian cancer
Authors: Tocci Piera , Roman Celia , Sestito Rosanna , Caprara Valentina , Sacconi Andrea , Molineris Ivan , Tonon Giovanni , Blandino Giovanni , Bagnato Anna 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HG-SOC) tumor microenvironment (TME) is constellated by cellular elements and a network of soluble constituents that contribute to tumor progression. In the multitude of the secreted molecules, the endothelin-1 (ET-1) has emerged to be implicated in the tumor/TME interplay; however, the molecular mechanisms induced by the ET-1-driven feed-forward loops (FFL) and associated with the HG-SOC metastatic potential need to be further investigated. The tracking of the patient-derived (PD) HG-SOC cell transcriptome by RNA-seq identified the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene and its associated signature among those mostly up-regulated by ET-1 and down-modulated by the dual ET-1R antagonist macitentan. Within the ligand–receptor pairs concurrently expressed in PD-HG-SOC cells, endothelial cells and activated fibroblasts, we discovered two intertwined FFL, the ET-1/ET-1R and VEGF/VEGF receptors, concurrently activated by ET-1 and shutting-down by macitentan, or by the anti-VEGF antibody bevacizumab. In parallel, we observed that ET-1 fine-tuned the tumoral and stromal secretome toward a pro-invasive pattern. Into the fray of the HG-SOC/TME double and triple co-cultures, the secretion of ET-1 and VEGF, that share a common co-regulation, was inhibited upon the administration of macitentan. Functionally, macitentan, mimicking the effect of bevacizumab, interfered with the HG-SOC/TME FFL-driven communication that fuels the HG-SOC invasive behavior. The identification of ET-1 and VEGF FFL as tumor and TME actionable vulnerabilities, reveals how ET-1R blockade, targeting the HG-SOC cells and the TME simultaneously, may represent an effective therapeutic option for HG-SOC patients.
Emergency coordinated control of multiple VSC‐HVDC for improving power system transient frequency and steady‐state frequency
Authors: Chen Xiaojing , Dong Haiying , Che Yulong , Huang Amin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWith the penetration of the high proportion of power electronics interfaced energy resources, the frequency stability issue in power systems is becoming increasingly prominent. This paper proposes a coordinated control strategy of multiple voltage source converter based high voltage direct current transmission (VSC‐HVDC) to simultaneously improve the transient frequency and steady‐state frequency after a severe disturbance. Firstly, a modified average system frequency response (MASFR) model is constructed with reserve power limitation, which takes into account the frequency responses of different types of generators (thermal, hydro and new energy resources). Secondly, according to the frequency stability requirements, the corresponding constraints, which consider the overload capacity of VSC‐HVDC, the AC transmission capacity and the frequency of AC grids on both sides of VSC‐HVDC, are formulated. Thirdly, for the transient frequency control, the coordinated optimization control model of multiple VSC‐HVDC is established, which aims to minimize the control energy considering the transient frequency threshold. For the steady‐state frequency control, the coordinated optimization control model is fomulated, which aims to minimize the control cost while considering the steady‐state frequency threshold. The two control schemes achieve seamless and smooth switching. Finally, the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed control strategy are verified in the improved IEEE 39 bus system.
Towards an astronomical use of new-generation geodetic observations
Authors: Pérez-Díez V. , Martí-Vidal I. , Albentosa-Ruiz E. , González-García J. , Jaron F. , Savolainen T. , Xu M. H. , Bachiller R. 
Published: June 2024

Context. The current algorithms used for the calibration and analysis of very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) networks that only use linear polarizers (as is the case of the VLBI Global Observing System, VGOS) do not properly account for instrumental and source-intrinsic polarimetry, which can cause errors in geodetic and astronomical products.
Aims. We aim to develop a calibration pipeline for VLBI interferometers that observe in a basis of linear polarization, as is the case of VGOS. The products from this pipeline can be used to obtain valuable full-polarization astronomical information from the observed sources, and they can be used to potentially improve the geodetic results.
Methods. We used the algorithm PolConvert to write the correlation products in a basis of circular polarization that is compatible with the standard VLBI calibration procedures. In addition to this, we implemented a wide-band global fringe-fitting algorithm that accounts for dispersive effects (ionospheric delay) and allows us to perform full-polarization imaging of all the observed sources, covering the whole frequency band of VGOS.
Results. We present the outcome of our pipeline applied to a global IVS VGOS epoch of observations and show example imaging results in total intensity and polarization. We also discuss issues encountered during the analysis and suggest points of improvement in the VGOS system for an optimum geodetic and astronomical exploitation of this interferometer.
Population synthesis models indicate a need for early and ubiquitous disk substructures
Authors: Delussu Luca , Birnstiel Tilman , Miotello Anna , Pinilla Paola , Rosotti Giovanni , Andrews Sean M. 
Published: June 2024

Context. Large millimeter surveys of star-forming regions enable the study of entire populations of planet-forming disks and reveal correlations between their observable properties. The ever-increasing number of these surveys has led to a flourishing of population study, a valuable tool and approach that is spreading in ever more fields. Population studies of disks have shown that the correlation between disk size and millimeter flux could be explained either through disks with strong substructure, or alternatively by the effects of radial inward drift of growing dust particles.
Aims. This study aims to constrain the parameters and initial conditions of planet-forming disks and address the question of the need for the presence of substructures in disks and, if needed, their predicted characteristics, based on the large samples of disk sizes, millimeter fluxes, and spectral indices available.
Methods. We performed a population synthesis of the continuum emission of disks, exploiting a two-population model (two-pop-py), considering the influence of viscous evolution, dust growth, fragmentation, and transport, varying the initial conditions of the disk and substructure to find the best match with the observed distributions. Disks both with and without substructure have been examined. We obtained the simulated population distribution for the disk sizes, millimeter fluxes, and spectral indices by post-processing the resulting disk profiles (surface density, maximum grain size, and disk temperature).
Results. We show that the observed distributions of spectral indices, sizes, and luminosities together can be best reproduced by disks with significant substructure; namely, a perturbation that is strong enough to be able to trap particles, that is formed early in the evolution of the disk, and that is within 0.4 Myr. Agreement is reached by relatively high initial disk masses (10−2.3 M⋆ ⩽ Mdisk ⩽ 10−0.5 M⋆) and moderate levels of turbulence (10−3.5 ⩽ α ⩽ 10−2.5). Other disk parameters play a weaker role. Only opacities with a high absorption efficiency can reproduce the observed spectral indices.
Conclusions. Disk population synthesis is a precious tool for investigating and constraining the parameters and initial conditions of planet-forming disks. The generally low observed spectral indices call for significant substructure, like that which planets in the mass range of Saturn to a few Jupiters would induce, to already be present before 0.4 Myr. Our results indicate that substructure, which so far has only been assessed in individual disks, is likely ubiquitous and extends to the whole population, and imply that most “smooth” disks hide unresolved substructure.
Mind the trap
Authors: Ligterink N. F. W. , Kipfer K. A. , Gavino S. 
Published: June 2024

Aims. The ability of bulk ices (H2O, CO2) to trap volatiles has been well studied in any experimental sense, but largely ignored in protoplanetary disk and planet formation models as well as the interpretation of their observations. We demonstrate the influence of volatile trapping on C/O ratios in planet-forming environments.
Methods. We created a simple model of CO, CO2, and H2O snowlines in protoplanetary disks and calculated the C/O ratio at different radii and temperatures. We included a trapping factor, which partially inhibits the release of volatiles (CO, CO2) at their snowline and releases them instead, together with the bulk ice species (H2O, CO2). Our aim has been to assess its influence of trapping solid-state and gas phase C/O ratios throughout planet-forming environments.
Results. Volatile trapping significantly affects C/O ratios in protoplanetary disks. Variations in the ratio are reduced and become more homogeneous throughout the disk when compared to models that do not include volatile trapping. Trapping reduces the proportion of volatiles in the gas and, as such, reduces the available carbon- and oxygen-bearing molecules for gaseous accretion to planetary atmospheres. Volatile trapping is expected to also affect the elemental hydrogen and nitrogen budgets.
Conclusions. Volatile trapping is an overlooked, but important effect to consider when assessing the C/O ratios in protoplanetary disks and exoplanet atmospheres. Due to volatile trapping, exoplanets with stellar C/O have the possibility to be formed within the CO and CO2 snowline.
Multi-spacecraft study with the Icarus model
Authors: Baratashvili T. , Grison B. , Schmieder B. , Démoulin P. , Poedts S. 
Published: June 2024

Context. Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are the main drivers of the disturbances in interplanetary space. Earth-directed CMEs can be dangerous, and understanding the CME interior magnetic structure is crucial for advancing space weather studies. It is important to assess the capabilities of a numerical heliospheric model, as a firm understanding of the nature and extent of its limitations can be used to improve the model and the space weather predictions based on it.
Aims. The aim of the present study is to test the capabilities of the recently developed heliospheric model Icarus and the linear force-free spheromak model that has been implemented in it.
Methods. To validate the Icarus space weather modelling tool, two CME events were selected that were observed by two spacecraft located near Mercury and Earth, respectively. This enables us to test the heliospheric model computed with Icarus at two distant locations. The source regions for the CMEs were identified, and the CME parameters were determined and later optimised. Different adaptive mesh refinement levels were applied in the simulations to assess its performance by comparing the simulation results to in situ measurements.
Results. The first CME event erupted at 15:25 on July 9, 2013. The modelled time series were in good agreement with the observations both at MESSENGER and ACE. The second CME event started at 10:25 on February 16, 2014, and was more complicated, as three CME interactions occurred in this event. It was impossible to recover the observed profiles without modelling the other two CMEs that were observed, one before the main CME and one afterward. The parameters for the three CMEs were identified and the three CMEs were modelled in Icarus. For both CME studies, AMR level 3 was sufficient to reconstruct small-scale features near Mercury, while at Earth, AMR level 4 was necessary due to the radially stretched grid that was used.
Conclusions. The profiles obtained at both spacecraft resemble the in situ measurements well. The current limitations of the space weather modelling tool result in an excessively small deceleration of the CME propagation during the CME–CME interaction as measured by MESSENGER and ACE.
UOCS
Authors: Jadhav Vikrant V. , Subramaniam Annapurni , Sagar Ram 
Published: June 2024

Context. Evolutionary pathways of binary systems are vastly different from single stellar evolution, and thus there is a need to quantify their frequency and diversity. Thanks to their to their coeval nature, open clusters are the best test beds for unveiling the secrets of binary populations. The availability of multi-wavelength data in recent years has been critical in characterising the binary population.
Aims. NGC 752 is a solar-metallicity, intermediate-age open cluster located at 460 pc. In this work, we aim to identify the optically sub-luminous white dwarfs in NGC 752 and identify the elusive blue lurkers by association.
Methods. We used multi-wavelength photometry from AstroSat/UVIT, Swift/UVOT, Gaia DR3, and other archival surveys to analyse the colour-magnitude diagrams and spectral energy distributions of 37 cluster members.
Results. We detected eight white dwarf companions of cluster members. Four of the systems are main sequence stars with extremely low-mass white dwarfs as their companions. Two of these main sequence stars are also fast rotators.
Conclusions. The presence of low-mass white dwarfs and fast rotation signals a past mass transfer, and we classify the four main sequence stars as blue lurkers. The binary fraction in NGC 752 is estimated to be 50–70%, and it shows that the contribution of optically undetected stars is crucial in quantifying the present-day binary fraction.
Virtual Reality Mental Health Interventions in Geriatric Care for Functional or Well-being Enhancement – A Scoping Review
Authors: Li Yijun , Muschalla Beate 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose It has become common to use Virtual Reality (VR) for mental health
interventions; however, its use in care of the elederly is limited, especially
regarding mood and well-being. In this review, we summarize the results of
current VR-based mental health interventions for this population.
Methods Peer-reviewed journal articles on immersive VR mental health
intervention in seniors, published until 2022, were included.
Results There were 2697 results found in the database search, of which 40
articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in the final analysis.
Most studies did not use an experimental design with randomized controlled
trials and follow-up sessions. Function-oriented and entertainment-oriented
intervention studies were categorized. VR-based geriatric mental interventions
have grown rapidly since 2018, especially the number of interventions that
promote wellbeing. The function-oriented interventions used active interactions
with varied devices. Entertainment-oriented interaction was primarily passive,
seldomly using hand controllers for moving activities. Generally, VR
interventions improved the mental health of older adults.
Conclusion Geriatric rehabilitation can benefit from this innovative
technology to maintain cognitive functions and to improve the well-being of
seniors. They have potential for use in aging care and in retirement homes.
Future VR interventions may also involve promoting social interaction to combat
loneliness among seniors.
”Nicht-medikamentöse Verfahren in der Kopfschmerzprophylaxe, was ist
die Evidenz?“
Authors: Schäfer Benjamin 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungPrimäre Kopfschmerzen können durch Medikamente, Übungen, Verhaltenstherapie oder
Änderungen des Lebensstils vorgebeugt werden. Wichtig ist, dass bei einer
medikamentösen Prophylaxe auch ergänzend nicht-medikamentöse Ansätze empfohlen
werden sollten. Patienten wünschen sich häufig, auch ohne Medikamente gegen ihre
Kopfschmerzen vorzugehen. Außer für die kognitive Verhaltenstherapie und
Biofeedback ist die Evidenz für nicht-medikamentöse Verfahren in der
Kopfschmerztherapie noch nicht endgültig geklärt. Dieser Artikel gibt eine
Übersicht der aktuellen Literatur über die Evidenz von Ausdauersport,
Entspannungsübungen, Physiotherapie, Lebensstilfaktoren und komplementären
Verfahren. Bei Kopfschmerzen vom Spannungstyp gibt es zunehmend Studien mit
positiven Ergebnissen aus der Physiotherapie. Positive Ergebnisse mit
langfristigem Follow-up stehen noch aus. Die beste Evidenz zur Vorbeugung der
Migräne existiert für den aeroben Ausdauersport. Aber auch andere Verfahren
können zum Einsatz kommen.