bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Five‐Country Comparative Review of Accommodation Support Policies for Older People With Intellectual Disability
Authors: Bigby Christine 
Published: March 2010

AbstractInternational covenants and domestic social policies in most developed countries regard people with intellectual disability as citizens with equal rights, suggesting they should have the similar aspirations of a healthy and active old age as the general community, and an expectation of the necessary supports to achieve this. This article compares the development and implementation of accommodation support policies for people aging with intellectual disabilities in five liberal welfare states. It describes the limited development of policies in this area and suggests possible reasons why this is the case. A review of the peer reviewed and grey or unpublished advocacy and policy literature on aging policies for people with intellectual disability was conducted which covered Australia, Canada, Ireland, the UK, and the U.S. Despite consistent identification of similar broad policy issues and overarching goals, little progress has been made in the development of more specific policies or implementation strategies to address issues associated with accommodation support as people age. Policy debates have conceptualized the problem as aging in place and the shared responsibility of the aged‐care and disability sectors. This may have detracted from either sector leading the development of, or taking responsibility for, formulating, implementing, and resourcing a strong policy framework.
Siblings of Adults With Developmental Disabilities: Psychosocial Outcomes, Relationships, and Future Planning
Authors: Heller Tamar , Arnold Catherine Keiling 
Published: March 2010

AbstractAs siblings play an increasing role in the lives of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities as a result of the longer lifespan of this population and the aging of their parents, more investigative work in this area is warranted. To lay a foundation for this, the authors reviewed the English‐language literature on siblings of adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities, focusing on three main questions: (1) what are the psychosocial outcomes of having a sibling with an intellectual and developmental disabilities on the sibling without a disability?; (2) what factors relate to the nature of the sibling relationship?; and (3) what factors relate to future planning, including expected and future relationships when parents can no longer provide care? This literature review looked at published work for the period 1970–2008 on adult siblings over 21 years of age that addressed relationships, psychosocial outcomes, and/or involvement in future planning. Twenty‐three relevant studies were identified. Overall, these studies present a mixed, but generally positive picture of the psychosocial outcomes of having a sibling with a disability. They also indicate that siblings tend to have long‐lasting close relationships with their siblings with a disability and anticipate taking on greater supportive roles as both grow older.
Reliance on Carer Reports of Early Symptoms of Dementia Among Adults With Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: Jamieson‐Craig Rebekah , Scior Katrina , Chan Trevor , Fenton Cormac , Strydom Andre 
Published: March 2010

AbstractAs clinicians often rely on carer reports to identify adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) with early signs of dementia, this study focused on carer‐reported symptoms to ascertain whether carer reports of decline in everyday function would be a more effective screening method to detect possible cases of dementia than reports of memory decline in older adults with ID. Subjects were 154 participants who were reassessed along with their carers two to three years after baseline. A questionnaire for carer‐reported change in everyday function and the Dementia Questionnaire for Persons with Mental Retardation (DMR) were used to assess carer views of everyday function and memory. The diagnosis of dementia was confirmed by two psychiatrists working independently. Participants who developed dementia displayed both everyday function and memory decline. Overall, decline in everyday function appeared to be the best indicator of new dementia cases. Retrospective carer report of change in everyday function was as good as, if not better than, prospective ratings to identify dementia; however, in those with mild ID, memory change was a better indicator of dementia, while in those with more severe ID, decline in everyday function was a better indicator. Decline in everyday function (whether prospective change from baseline or reported retrospectively by carers) appears to be a better screening method for dementia than memory decline, particularly for participants with moderate/severe ID.
Aging in Down Syndrome: Morbidity and Mortality
Authors: Torr Jennifer , Strydom Andre , Patti Paul , Jokinen Nancy 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe life expectancy of adults with Down syndrome has increased dramatically over the last 30 years, leading to increasing numbers of adults with Down syndrome now living into middle and old age. Early‐onset dementia of the Alzheimer type is highly prevalent in adults with Down syndrome in the sixth decade, and this has overshadowed other important conditions related to aging among adults with Down syndrome. The authors' aim was to update and summarize current knowledge on these conditions, and examine causes of morbidity and mortality in older people with Down syndrome by conducting a systematic review of the published literature for the period: 1993–2008. They reviewed English‐language literature drawn from searches in the electronic databases Medline, CINAHL, and PsycINFO, as well as supplementary historical papers. The authors conclude that functional decline in older adults with Down syndrome cannot be assumed to be due only to dementia of the Alzheimer type (which is not inevitable in all adults with Down syndrome). Functional decline may be the result from a range of disorders, especially sensory and musculoskeletal impairments. Given the high rates of early‐onset age‐related disorders among adults with Down syndrome, programmatic screening, monitoring, and preventive interventions are required to limit secondary disabilities and premature mortality. With respect to assessment and treatment, in the absence of specialist disability physicians, geriatricians have a role to play.
Helicobacter pylori acidic stress response factor HP1286 is a YceI homolog with new binding specificity
Authors: Sisinni Lorenza , Cendron Laura , Favaro Gabriella , Zanotti Giuseppe 
Published: March 2010

HP1286 from Helicobacter pylori is among the proteins that play a relevant role in bacterial colonization and persistence in the stomach. Indeed, it was demonstrated to be overexpressed under acidic stress conditions, together with other essential virulence factors. Here we describe its crystal structure, determined at 2.1 Å resolution. The molecular model, a dimer characterized by two‐fold symmetry, shows that HP1286 structurally belongs to the YceI‐like protein family, which in turn is characterized by the lipocalin fold. The latter characterizes proteins possessing an internal cavity with the function of binding and/or transport of amphiphilic molecules. Surprisingly, a molecule of erucamide was found bound in the internal cavity of each monomer of recombinant HP1286, cloned and expressed in an Escherichia coli heterologous system. The shape and length of the cavity indicate that, at variance with other members of the family, HP‐YceI has a binding specificity for amphiphilic compounds with a linear chain of about 22 carbon atoms. These features, along with the fact that the protein is secreted by the bacterium and is involved in adaptation to an acidic environment, suggest that its function could be that of sequestering specific fatty acids or amides from the environment, either to supply the bacterium with the fatty acids necessary for its metabolism, or to protect and detoxify it from the detergent‐like antimicrobial activity of fatty acids that are eventually present in the external milieu.Structured digital abstract
MINT‐7557675: HP 1286 (uniprotkb:O25873) and HP 1286 (uniprotkb:O25873) bind (MI:0407) by x‐ray crystallography (MI:0114)
Combined Hysterectomy/Salpingo–Oophorectomy and Mastectomy is a Safe and Valuable Procedure for Female-to-Male Transsexuals
Authors: Ott Johannes , van Trotsenburg Michael , Kaufmann Ulrike , Schrögendorfer Klaus , Haslik Werner , Huber Johannes C. , Wenzl René 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Sex reassignment surgery is an important step for transsexuals, since it is known to help the patients to live more easily in their gender role and to significantly increase quality of life.

Aims
To critically evaluate our experience with the combined procedure of hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and bilateral mastectomy for female-to-male (FtM) transsexual patients.

Methods
Thirty-two FtM transsexuals who underwent hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and bilateral mastectomy in one single operative setting.

Main Outcome Measures
Operating time and complications, both intra-and postoperatively.

Results
Patients were 30.0 ± 5.8 years of age, with a body mass index of 24.8 ± 3.5 kg/m†. The majority of patients underwent hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy by laparoscopy (31/32, 96.9%). The median operating time was 222.5 minutes (inter-quartile range [IQR] 190–270 minutes). The median postoperative stay was eight days (IQR, 7–9 days). Postoperative adverse events were found in five patients (15.6%), including breast hematomas as the most frequent complication (4/32, 12.5%). In one patient (1/32; 3.1%), conversion from laparoscopy to laparotomy was necessary, which was considered an adverse event. None of our patients required reoperation or readmission to the hospital.

Conclusion
Combined hysterectomy/salpingo-oophorectomy, and bilateral mastectomy in a single operating session seems a safe, feasible, and valuable procedure for FtM transsexuals.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH—OUTCOMES ASSESSMENT: Development and Validation of the Female Genital Self-Image Scale
Authors: Herbenick Debra , Reece Michael 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACTIntroductionWomen’s sexual function may be influenced by various factors including medical conditions, trauma or abuse, medications, relationship dynamics, relaxation, mood, and body image. However, few studies have explored the influence of a woman’s genital self-image on her sexual function or behaviors.AimsThe purpose of this study was to establish a reliable and valid measure of female genital self-image, the Female Genital Self-Image Scale (FGSIS), and to assess the relationship between scores on the FGSIS and women’s sexual function.MethodsThe FGSIS was developed in two stages. Phase One involved an analysis of cross-sectional paper-based survey data and a review of the literature. Phase Two involved a cross-sectional internet-based administration of the scale items to a total of 1,937 women.Main Outcome MeasuresPsychometric properties of the scale were evaluated through the use of reliability analysis, factor analysis, and score differences based on women’s experience of orgasm from receiving cunnilingus or from self-masturbation with a vibrator. Correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between female genital self-image and scores on the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI).ResultsThe scale was found to have sufficient reliability (Cronbach’s alpha=0.88) and one factor that explained 59.23% of the variance. Women who had ever experienced orgasm as a result of cunnilingus or self-masturbation with a vibrator and women who reported having had a gynecological exam in the previous 12 months had significantly higher FGSIS scores than those who had not (P &lt;0.001). Scores on the FGSIS were positively and significantly correlated with scores on all FSFI domains (P &lt;0.001), including the Total score, with the exception of the Desire domain.ConclusionThe FGSIS was initially found to be a reliable and valid measure though further research is needed to understand its properties in diverse populations. In addition, female genital self-image was found to be positively related to women’s sexual function.
Erectile Function Restoration After Repair of Excised Cavernous Nerves by Autologous Vein Graft in Rats
Authors: Hu Wanli , Cheng Bei , Liu Tongzu , Li Shiwen , Tian Yihao 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Cavernous nerves (CNs) injury is the main cause of erectile dysfunction (ED) following radical prostatectomy. Its restoration remains challenging.

Aim
To investigate the feasibility of erectile function recovery by autologous vein graft after bilateral CNs being excised in a rat model.

Methods
A total of 36 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into three groups. A 5 mm segment of CN was excised bilaterally in group B and C. In group B, a 7-mm segment of autologous saphenous vein was interposed at the defect site bilaterally, with two nerve stumps inserted into the vein lumen. Group C underwent no repair. Group A was accepted a sham operation. 4 months later, apomorphine tests were performed on each rat, followed by injection of 4% fluorogold into bilateral corpus cavernous. 5 days later, after monitoring intracorporal pressure (ICP) changes induced by electrostimulation of CN, rats were sacrificed and their bilateral major pelvic ganglions were obtained for detection of fluorogold, and penile tissues of middle shaft were obtained for detecting nitric oxide synthase-containing nerve fibers in penile dorsal nerves.

Main Outcome Measures
Erectile function was assessed by apomorphine test and ICP monitoring. CN regeneration was judged by fluoroglod tracing and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-diaphorase staining.

Results
Apomorphine tests resulted in 58% rats with erectile responses in group B, whereas no erection was observed in group C. ICP monitoring also demonstrated a significant recovery in erectile function in group B compared with group C. Much more and brighter fluorogold coloring cells were examined in major pelvic ganglions of group B than those of group C. NADPH-diaphorase staining also showed much more positive fibers were detected in penile dorsal nerves in group B than in group C.

Conclusion
Autologous vein graft could provide a guide channel to induce CN regeneration and successfully restore autonomic erectile function after CNs being excised in rats.
The POTENT I Randomized Trial: Efficacy and Safety of an Orodispersible Vardenafil Formulation for the Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction
Authors: Sperling Herbert , Debruyne Frans , Boermans Antonius , Beneke Manfred , Ulbrich Ernst , Ewald Silke 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACTIntroductionOrodispersible tablet (ODT) formulations offer improved convenience over film-coated formulations and are preferred by many patients.AimTo investigate the efficacy and safety of an ODT formulation of 10 mg vardenafil administered on demand vs. placebo in a general population of men with erectile dysfunction (ED).MethodsThis was a 16-week, double-blind, multicenter, randomized, parallel-group, placebo-controlled study conducted at 40 centers across Europe and South Africa. Eligible participants were men aged ≥18 years with ED for at least 6 months, in a stable heterosexual relationship for at least 6 months, highly motivated to obtain ED treatment, and making at least four attempts at sexual intercourse on four separate days, of which at least half were unsuccessful. Subjects were randomized to receive 12 weeks of treatment with either 10 mg vardenafil ODT on demand or placebo, and each treatment group was stratified such that approximately half of the subjects were aged ≥65 years.Main Outcome MeasuresPrimary measures were the erectile function domain of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-EF) and the Sexual Encounter Profile questions 2 and 3 (SEP2, SEP3). Secondary measures included SEP diary questions 1, 4, 5, and 6; the Treatment Satisfaction Scale; and the Global Assessment Question.ResultsOf the 409 men enrolled (54.8% aged ≥65 years), 355 were included in the intent-to-treat population (vardenafil ODT, N=183; placebo, N=172). Vardenafil ODT therapy was statistically significantly superior to placebo for all primary (IIEF-EF, SEP2, SEP3) and secondary efficacy measures (all P &lt;0.0001). The incidence and type of treatment-related adverse events with vardenafil 10 mg ODT were comparable with those of the film-coated tablet formulation.ConclusionsTreatment with 10 mg vardenafil ODT, taken on demand, significantly improved erectile function and was well tolerated in a broad population of men with ED.
Distance to the SNR CTB109/AXP 1E 2259+586 by Hiabsorption and self-absorption
Authors: Tian W. W. , Leahy D. A. , Li D. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWe suggest a revised distance to the supernova remnant G109.1−1.0 (CTB109) and its associated anomalous X-ray pulsar (AXP)1E2259+586 by analysing 21-cm Hi-line and 12CO-line spectra of CTB109, Hii region Sh152 and the adjacent molecular cloud complex. CTB109 has been established to be interacting with a large molecular cloud (recession velocity at v=−55kms−1). The highest radial velocities of absorption features towards CTB109 (−56kms−1) and Sh152 (−65kms−1) are larger than the recombination line velocity (−50kms−1) of Sh152 demonstrating the velocity reversal within the Perseus Arm. The molecular cloud has cold Hi column density large enough to produce Hi self-absorption (HISA) and Hi narrow self-absorption (HINSA) if it was at the near side of the velocity reversal. Absence of both HISA and HINSA indicates that the cloud is at the far side of the velocity reversal within the Perseus Arm, so we obtain a distance for CTB109 of 4 ± 0.8kpc. The new distance still leads to a normal explosion energy for CTB 109/AXP 1E 2259+586.
An upper limit to the central density of dark matter haloes from consistency with the presence of massive central black holes
Authors: Hernandez X. , Lee William H. 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
We study the growth rates of massive black holes in the centres of galaxies from accretion of dark matter from their surrounding haloes. By considering only the accretion due to dark matter particles on orbits unbound to the central black hole, we obtain a firm lower limit to the resulting accretion rate. We find that a runaway accretion regime occurs on a time-scale which depends on the three characteristic parameters of the problem: the initial mass of the black hole, the volume density and velocity dispersion of the dark matter particles in its vicinity. An analytical treatment of the accretion rate yields results implying that, for the largest black hole masses inferred from quasi-stellar object (QSO) studies (&gt;109M⊙), the runaway regime would be reached on time-scales which are shorter than the lifetimes of the haloes in question for central dark matter densities in excess of 250M⊙pc−3. Since reaching runaway accretion would strongly distort the host dark matter halo, the inferences of QSO black holes in this mass range lead to an upper limit on the central dark matter densities of their host haloes of ρ0 &lt; 250M ⊙pc−3. This limit scales inversely with the assumed central black hole mass. However, thinking of dark matter profiles as universal across galactic populations, as cosmological studies imply, we obtain a firm upper limit for the central density of dark matter in such structures.
ESSENTIAL OILS AS CONTROL AGENTS OF POSTAHARVEST ALTERNARIA AND PENICILLIUM ROTS ON TOMATO FRUITS
Authors: ABDOLAHI ALI , HASSANI ABBAS , GHOSTA YOUBERT , JAVADI TAIMOOR , MESHKATALSADAT MOHAMMAD HADI 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACT The antifungal activity of the essential oils of ajowan, fennel and caraway was evaluated in vitro and in vivo conditions against growth of Alternaria alternata (Fr.: Fr.) Keissler. and Penicillium digitatum Sacc., two postharvest pathogens of tomato fruits. In vitro tests showed that ajowan and fennel oils exhibited the highest antifungal activity against A. alternata and P. digitatum, respectively. But caraway exhibited poor antifungal activity against two fungal species tested. Ajowan oil possessed the highest antifungal activity among tested oils in in vivo condition. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of essential oils revealed that thymol (63%), trans‐anethole (64%) and 2‐caren‐10‐al (34%) were the main components of essential oils of ajowan, fennel and caraway, respectively. Therefore, essential oils may be used as an alternative for the synthetic chemicals for control of postharvest phytopathogenic fungi and for increasing the shelf life of plant products.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSBecause the plant essential oils have low mammalian toxicity, are biodegradable, multifunctional, nonpersistent in the environment and are cheap to produce, the possibility of developing essential oils for use in crop protection may be an attractive venture. This study demonstrates the potential of essential oils as antifungal preservatives for tomato fruits that are susceptible to postharvest decay caused by fungi. Examination of various concentrations of essential oils from ajowan (Carum copticum L.), fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) and caraway (Carum carvi L.) on Penicillium digitatum and Alternaria alternata in this study showed promising prospects for the utilization of essential oils. In vivo experiments showed that essential oils used could reduce postharvest diseases on tomato fruits caused by P. digitatum and A. alternata. So, essential oils can be used as a potential source of sustainable eco‐friendly botanical fungicides, after successful completion of wide‐range trials.
EFFECT OF ORGANIC ACIDS ON GROWTH OF CHILLED CHICKEN SKIN MICROFLORA
Authors: DOLEŽALOVÁ M. , MOLATOVÁ Z. , BUŇKA F. , BŘEZINA P. , MAROUNEK M. 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACT High attention is paid to the decontamination systems in an effort to prolong the shelf life of food products. The major factor determining shelf life is the rate of spoilage microorganism growth. This study was designed to evaluate the influence of organic substances (citric acid [CA], lactic acid [LA] and potassium sorbate [PS]) on chilled chicken skin microflora. Application of organic substances inhibited microbial growth and prolonged the shelf life of carcasses. Microbial reduction after application of organic acids was significant in case of 10% w/v CA and 2% v/v LA, and the most effective was combination of 2% v/v LA with 0.2% w/v PS. Sensory analysis found that application of 10% CA was not acceptable. However, chickens treated with the mixture showed better organoleptic properties than control. The use of food preservatives in combination may contribute to significant reductions of spoilage and pathogen microbes on poultry. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONLactic acid (LA), which is a naturally occurring compound in muscles, and potassium sorbate (PS), which is a well‐known antifungal agent, are food additives generally recognized as safe for their intended use (when used in accordance with good manufacturing practice [Generally Recognized As Safe]). Application of LA in combination with PS significantly reduced amounts of bacteria and yeasts (both pathogenic or spoilage), and moreover, treatment does not influence the sensory quality of poultry. Therefore, this mixture is suitable for decontamination of chilled chicken, increases food safety and prolongs the shelf life of poultry products.