bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial flavone glycoside from flowers of Cleome viscosa
Authors: Senthamilselvi Musiri Maruthai , Kesavan Devarayan , Sulochana Nagarajan 
Published: May 2012

Abstract

Background
Natural products isolated from plant sources have been demonstrated as potential candidates against several ailments. The scientific investigations on the underlying principles of phytotherapy can pave way for the convergence of traditional medicines and modern science and technologies.

Results
Quercetin 3-O-(2′′-acetyl)-glucoside obtained from ethyl acetate fraction of Cleome viscosa is studied against inflammatory of carrageenan-induced rat paw edema ( in vivo) and microbial activity on ( in vitro). The structure of the glycoside is confirmed by means of hydrogen-1 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, attached proton test, and mass spectrum. The flavonoid glycoside showed significant anti-inflammatory activity of on carrageenan-induced rat paw edema ( in vivo) and anti-microbial activity ( in vitro) on Staphylococcus aureus (gram positive) and Escherichia coli (gram negative). The anti-inflammatory effect of the flavonoid glycoside may be due to the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis. Selective toxicity with flavonoid glycoside towards the gram-positive bacteria was found on S. aureus.

Conclusions
The present study reveals the anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities of an isolated quercetin 3-O-(2′′-acetyl)-glucoside from a natural source ( C. viscosa).
Enhanced susceptibility to lipopolysaccharide-induced arthritis and endotoxin shock in interleukin-32 alpha transgenic mice through induction of tumor necrosis factor alpha
Authors: Nakayama Masanori , Niki Yasuo , Kawasaki Toshiki , Takeda Yuki , Horiuchi Keisuke , Sasaki Aya , Okada Yasunori , Umezawa Kazuo , Ikegami Hiroyasu , Toyama Yoshiaki , Miyamoto Takeshi 
Published: May 2012

Abstract

Introduction

The present study assessed the potential functions of interleukin (IL)-32α on inflammatory arthritis and endotoxin shock models using IL-32α transgenic (Tg) mice. The potential signaling pathway for the IL-32-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α axis was analyzed in vitro.

Methods

IL-32α Tg mice were generated under control of a ubiquitous promoter. Two disease models were used to examine in vivo effects of overexpressed IL-32α: Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligand-induced arthritis developed using a single injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or zymosan into the knee joints; and endotoxin shock induced with intraperitoneal injection of LPS and D-galactosamine. TNFα antagonist etanercept was administered simultaneously with LPS in some mice. Using RAW264.7 cells, in vitro effects of exogenous IL-32α on TNFα, IL-6 or macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2) production were assessed with or without inhibitors for nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) or mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK).

Results

Single injection of LPS, but not zymosan, resulted in development of severe synovitis with substantial articular cartilage degradation in knees of the Tg mice. The expression of TNFα mRNA in inflamed synovia was highly upregulated in the LPS-injected Tg mice. Moreover, the Tg mice were more susceptive to endotoxin-induced lethality than the wild-type control mice 48 hours after LPS challenge; but blockade of TNFα by etanercept protected from endotoxin lethality. In cultured bone marrow cells derived from the Tg mice, overexpressed IL-32α accelerated production of TNFα upon stimulation with LPS. Of note, exogenously added IL-32α alone stimulated RAW264.7 cells to express TNFα, IL-6, and MIP-2 mRNAs. Particularly, IL-32α -induced TNFα, but not IL-6 or MIP-2, was inhibited by dehydroxymethylepoxyquinomicin (DHMEQ) and U0126, which are specific inhibitors of nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) and extracellular signal regulated kinase1/2 (ERK1/2), respectively.

Conclusions

These results show that IL-32α contributed to the development of inflammatory arthritis and endotoxin lethality. Stimulation of TLR signaling with LPS appeared indispensable for activating the IL-32α-TNFα axis in vivo. However, IL-32α alone induced TNFα production in RAW264.7 cells through phosphorylation of inhibitor kappa B (IκB) and ERK1/2 MAPK. Further studies on the potential involvement of IL-32α-TNFα axis will be beneficial in better understanding the pathology of autoimmune-related arthritis and infectious immunity.
Elevated plasma levels of heparin-binding protein in intensive care unit patients with severe sepsis and septic shock
Authors: Linder Adam , Åkesson Per , Inghammar Malin , Treutiger Carl-Johan , Linnér Anna , Sundén-Cullberg Jonas 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
Introduction
Rapid detection of, and optimized treatment for, severe sepsis and septic shock is crucial for successful outcome. Heparin-binding protein (HBP), a potent inducer of increased vascular permeability, is a potentially useful biomarker for predicting outcome in patients with severe infections. Our aim was to study the systemic release and dynamics of HBP in the plasma of patients with severe sepsis and septic shock in the ICU.

Methods
A prospective study was conducted of two patient cohorts treated in the ICU at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge in Sweden. A total of 179 patients was included, of whom 151 had sepsis (126 with septic shock and 25 patients with severe sepsis) and 28 a non-septic critical condition. Blood samples were collected at five time points during six days after admission.

Results
HBP levels were significantly higher in the sepsis group as compared to the control group. At admission to the ICU, a plasma HBP concentration of ≥15 ng/mL and/or a HBP (ng/mL)/white blood cell count (109/L) ratio of >2 was found in 87.2% and 50.0% of critically ill patients with sepsis and non-septic illness, respectively. A lactate level of >2.5 mmol/L was detected in 64.9% and 56.0% of the same patient groups. Both in the sepsis group (n = 151) and in the whole group (n = 179), plasma HBP concentrations at admission and in the last measured sample within the 144 hour study period were significantly higher among 28-day non-survivors as compared to survivors and in the sepsis group, an elevated HBP-level at baseline was associated with an increased case-fatality rate at 28 days.

Conclusions
Plasma HBP levels were significantly higher in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock compared to patients with a non-septic illness in the ICU. HBP was associated with severity of disease and an elevated HBP at admission was associated with an increased risk of death. HBP that rises over time may identify patients with a deteriorating prognosis. Thus, repeated HBP measurement in the ICU may help monitor treatment and predict outcome in patients with severe infections.
“Don't Sing It on a Feast Day”: The Reception and Performance of Western Sacred Music in Soviet Russia, 1917–1953
Authors: Fairclough Pauline 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
Despite official hostility to religion and ambivalence towards Western bourgeois culture, the Soviet Union's major orchestras and choirs retained a high number of Western sacred works in their concert repertoire. In this article, I examine the apparent incongruity of this aspect of Soviet concert practice, with specific focus on the two most important Soviet choirs in Moscow and Leningrad: the Leningrad Capella, and the Moscow-based Russian Choir of the USSR. I argue that the process of cultural appropriation in the Soviet Union embraced a sufficiently broad conception of Western musical culture for this repertoire to be considered not only safe, but of central canonic importance. With an appropriate ideological varnish, and even textual alteration, a careful selection of Western sacred music could be rendered “Soviet” enough to remain core repertoire, albeit subject to fast-changing currents in cultural politics throughout the period 1917–53.
Aragonite growth in water-alcohol mixtures: Classical or nonclassical crystallization?
Authors: Sand K. K. , Rodriguez-Blanco J. D. , Makovicky E. , Benning L. G. , Stipp S. L. S. 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACTAragonite can grow from calcium carbonate solutions as the favored phase, at ambient conditions, in the presence of 1:1 volume % water:ethanol. Its form is single and branched needles, with pseudohexagonal symmetry. Morphological evidence demonstrates that all precipitated aragonite is twinned. The recently popularized hypothesis of nonclassical growth by nanocrystal self assembly cannot describe the aragonite crystal form. Rather, its formation is effectively described as spherulitic growth, i.e. by classical crystal growth theory.
Mg-induced Enhancement of ZnO Optical Properties via Electrochemical Processing
Authors: Shi Hongtao , Barrera Kalie R. , Hessong Timothy L. , Alfaro Cristhyan F. 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACTElectrochemical deposition was used to fabricate polycrystalline ZnO thin films in solutions containing zinc nitrate and hexamethylenetetramine. All samples showed intense UV photoluminescence (PL) near the band edge in addition to weak broad bands due to defects. When the source solution was slightly doped with Mg2+ ions, the defect induced emission was significantly suppressed while the UV peak position and intensity remained the same. Auger electron spectroscopy revealed no Mg contents in the films within the detection limit. A possible growth mechanism was proposed, based on the chemical reactivity of Mg and Zn, to interpret the observed PL data, which is supported by samples grown in Ca-doped solutions.
Modification of Cordierite Honeycomb Ceramics Matrix for DeNOx Catalyst
Authors: Liu Qingcai , He Yuanyuan , Yang Jian , Xi Wenchang , Wen Juan , Zheng Huimin 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACTTo obtain highly dispersed and highly active catalysts by impregnating of active species onto the monolith directly, cordierite honeycomb ceramics were modified by nitric acid solution of 68wt%. Effects of acid treatment temperature and time on the performance of cordierite were investigated. Specific surface area, pore size distribution, morphology and structure of cordierite were characterized by N2-physical adsorption, SEM, XRD, respectively. Concentrations of ions in the acid solution were measured by AAS. It is shown that the corrosion content of cordierite increases and more micropores are generated with increasing time of acid treatment, leading to an upward trend of specific surface area. The coefficient of thermal expansion and compression strength decrease obviously at a higher temperature, which is mainly attributed to the removal of Al and Mg ions from the silicate structure and delayed formation of free amorphous silica on the surface of the cordierite. The optimal modification process of cordierite matrix acid erosion is at 110°C for 6 h.
Role of Space Provision in Regeneration of Localized Two‐Wall Intrabony Defects Using Periosteal Pedicle Graft as an Autogenous Guided Tissue Membrane
Authors: Singhal Rameshwari , Nandlal  , Kumar Akhilesh , Rastogi Pavitra 
Published: May 2012

Background: Marginal pedicle periosteum (MPP) has been used as a rigid membrane in guided tissue regeneration (GTR) for osseous defects. The present study aims to study the effect of space provision by an alloplastic graft material in bone defect area (BDA) reduction of 2‐wall defects.Methods: Twenty interproximal intrabony 2‐wall defects in healthy non‐smoking patients with chronic periodontitis were randomly divided in control (group 1, periosteum alone) and experimental (group 2, periosteum with alloplastic graft material) groups. Measurements of probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and radiographic BDA were done at the baseline and 6‐month postoperative evaluations.Results: The 6‐month postoperative assessment showed clinical and radiographic improvements with PD reduction, CAL gain, and changes in BDA in both groups, which was statistically significant compared with baseline (P <0.05). However, BDA reduction was statistically greater in group 2 (48.88% ± 18.61%) compared with group 1 (14.08% ± 12.97%) at the 6‐month follow‐up (P = 0.009).Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that space provision by an alloplastic graft material increases the regenerative potential of MPP as a GTR membrane and results in increased defect fill.
Platelet‐Derived Growth Factor Promotes Periodontal Regeneration in Localized Osseous Defects: 36‐Month Extension Results From a Randomized, Controlled, Double‐Masked Clinical Trial
Authors: Nevins Myron , Kao Richard T. , McGuire Michael K. , McClain Pamela K. , Hinrichs James E. , McAllister Bradley S. , Reddy Michael S. , Nevins Marc L. , Genco Robert J. , Lynch Samuel E. , Giannobile William V. 
Published: May 2012

Background: Recombinant human platelet‐derived growth factor (rhPDGF) is safe and effective for the treatment of periodontal defects in short‐term studies up to 6 months in duration. We now provide results from a 36‐month extension study of a multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical trial evaluating the effect and long‐term stability of PDGF‐BB treatment in patients with localized severe periodontal osseous defects.Methods: A total of 135 participants were enrolled from six clinical centers for an extension trial. Eighty‐three individuals completed the study at 36 months and were included in the analysis. The study investigated the local application of β‐tricalcium phosphate scaffold matrix with or without two different dose levels of PDGF (0.3 or 1.0 mg/mL PDGF‐BB) in patients possessing one localized periodontal osseous defect. Composite analysis for clinical and radiographic evidence of treatment success was defined as percentage of cases with clinical attachment level (CAL) ≥2.7 mm and linear bone growth (LBG) ≥1.1 mm.Results: The participants exceeding this composite outcome benchmark in the 0.3 mg/mL rhPDGF‐BB group went from 62.2% at 12 months, 75.9% at 24 months, to 87.0% at 36 months compared with 39.5%, 48.3%, and 53.8%, respectively, in the scaffold control group at these same time points (P <0.05). Although there were no significant increases in CAL and LBG at 36 months among all groups, there were continued increases in CAL gain, LBG, and percentage bone fill over time, suggesting overall stability of the regenerative response.Conclusion: PDGF‐BB in a synthetic scaffold matrix promotes long‐term stable clinical and radiographic improvements as measured by composite outcomes for CAL gain and LBG for patients possessing localized periodontal defects (ClinicalTrials.gov no. CT01530126).
BMP-2 Dependent Increase of Soft Tissue Density in Arthrofibrotic TKA
Authors: Pfitzner Tilman , Röhner Eric , Krenn Veit , Perka Carsten , Matziolis Georg 
Published: May 2012

Arthrofibrosis after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is difficult to treat, as its aetiology remains unclear. In a previous study, we established a connection between the BMP-2 concentration in the synovial fluid and arthrofibrosis after TKA. The hypothesis of the present study was, therefore, that the limited range of motion in arthrofibrosis is caused by BMP-2 induced heterotopic ossifications, the quantity of which is dependent on the BMP-2 concentration in the synovial fluid.Eight patients with arthrofibrosis after TKA were included. The concentration of BMP-2 in the synovial fluid from each patient was determined by ELISA. Radiologically, digital radiographs were evaluated and the grey scale values were determined as a measure of the tissue density of defined areas. Apart from air, cutis, subcutis and muscle, the soft-tissue density in the area of the capsule of the suprapatellar pouch was determined. The connection between the BMP-2 concentration and the soft-tissue density was then investigated.The average BMP-2 concentration in the synovial fluid was 24.3 ± 6.9 pg/ml. The density of the anterior knee capsule was on average 136 ± 35 grey scale values. A linear correlation was shown between the BMP-2 concentration in the synovial fluid and the radiological density of the anterior joint capsule (R=0.84, p = 0.009).We were able to show that there is a connection between BMP-2 concentration and soft-tissue density in arthrofibrosis after TKA. This opens up the possibility of conducting a prophylaxis against arthrofibrosis in risk patients by influencing the BMP-2 pathway.
Malocclusion and oral health-related quality of life in Brazilian school children
Authors: Sardenberg Fernanda , Martins Milene T. , Bendo Cristiane B. , Pordeus Isabela A. , Paiva Saul M. , Auad Sheyla M. , Vale Miriam P. 
Published: May 2012

Abstract

Objective:
To test the hypothesis that malocclusion and its impact on quality of life has no effect on 8- to 10-year-old Brazilian schoolchildren as measured by an oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) instrument.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was carried out with a population-based sample of 1204 8- to 10-year-old children attending elementary schools in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Dental examinations were carried out by two calibrated examiners. OHRQoL was assessed using the Brazilian version of the Child Perceptions Questionnaire. The Dental Aesthetic Index was used for the clinical assessment of malocclusion. Dental caries and socioeconomic factors were used as controlling variables. Bivariate analysis involved the chi-square test and the Fisher exact test. A Poisson regression model was employed for the multivariate analysis (P &lt; .05).

Results:
Anterior segment spacing and anterior mandibular overjet were significantly associated with impact on OHRQoL (P &lt; .05). Schoolchildren with malocclusion were 1.30-fold (95% CI: 1.15–1.46; P &lt; 0.001) more likely to experience a negative impact on OHRQoL than those without malocclusion. Children belonging to families with an income less than or equal to two times the minimum wage were 1.59-fold (95% CI: 1.35–1.88; P &lt; 0.001) more likely to experience a negative impact on OHRQoL than those belonging to families with the highest income.

Conclusions:
Schoolchildren with malocclusion from lower-income families experience a greater negative impact on OHRQoL.
Le chef, une figure du XX e siècle
Authors: Cohen Yves 
Published: May 2012

Résumé Tout le monde peut devenir chef aujourd’hui, puisque nous avons mis à bas l’ordre ancien qui légitimait l’exercice de la puissance par la naissance. Les leaders sont désormais présents à tous les échelons de toutes les hiérarchies, mais sait-on ce qui les légitime ?
Paraganglioma of Prostatic Origin
Authors: Padilla-Fernández B. , Antúnez-Plaza P. , Lorenzo-Gómez M.F. , Rodríguez-González M. , Martín-Rodríguez A. , Silva-Abuín J.M. 
Published: May 2012

Introduction Paragangliomas are usually benign tumors arising from chromaffin cells located outside the adrenal gland. Prostatic paraganglioma is an unusual entity in adult patients, with only 10 cases reported in the medical literature. Case Report A 34-year-old male with a history of chronic prostatitis consulted for perineal pain. On digital rectal examination the prostate was enlarged and firm, without nodules. The PSA level was 0.8 ng/mL and the catecholamines in the urine were elevated. On ultrasound a retrovesical 9 cm mass of undetermined origin measuring was present. A PET-CT scan showed a pelvic lesion measuring 9 cm with moderate increase in glucidic metabolism localized in the area of the prostate. A biopsy of the prostate revealed a neuroendocrine tumor, possibly a prostatic paraganglioma. A body scintigraphy with MIBG I-123 ruled out the presence of metastases or multifocal tumor. A radical prostatectomy with excision of the pelvic mass was performed under adrenergic blockade. One year after surgery the patient is asymptomatic and disease free. Discussion/Conclusions Prostatic paraganglioma is a rare, usually benign tumor, which should be considered in the differential diagnosis of prostate tumors in young males. Its diagnosis is based on the determination of catecholamine in blood and 24-hour urine and in imaging studies principally scintigraphy with MIBG I-123. Diagnostic confirmation is by histopathological study. The treatment consists of radical resection under adrenergic blockade and volume expansion. Given the limited number of cases reported, it is difficult to establish prognostic factors. Malignancy is defined by clinical criteria, and requires life long follow-up.
Gender, Patronage, and Diplomacy in the Early Career of Margaret of Austria (1480–1530)
Authors: Attreed Lorraine 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT
Issues of gender, international diplomacy, and architectural style conjoin in Margaret of Austria's design of Brou church in Savoy. Raised by several of the most powerful women in Europe, Margaret honed her diplomatic skills during negotiations with England's Henry VII, gaining personal authority and dynastic power expressed within Brou's décor.
Talmudic Itineraria and Talmudic Pilgrimage: Tracing the Genre in the Babylonian Talmud
Authors: Grossmark Tziona 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT
The absence in the Talmudic records of pilgrimages as one of the motives for travel raises the question as to whether such journeys took place during those times. This article asserts that some of the literary descriptions of ventures undertaken by Babylonian sages actually depict a kind of pilgrimage.
Model Organic Surfaces to Probe Marine Bacterial Adhesion Kinetics by Surface Plasmon Resonance
Authors: Pranzetti Alice , Salaün Stéphanie , Mieszkin Sophie , Callow Maureen E. , Callow James A. , Preece Jon A. , Mendes Paula M. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractUnderstanding how bacteria adhere to a surface is a critical step in the development of novel materials and coatings to prevent bacteria forming biofilms. Here, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy, in combination with self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) that have different backbone structures and/or functional groups, is used for the first time to study the initial stages of bacterial adhesion to surfaces (i.e., initial interaction of cells with a surface, a process governed by van der Waals, electrostatic, and hydrophobic interactions). The work highlights SPR spectroscopy as a powerful and unique approach to probe bacterial adhesion in real time. SPR spectral data reveal different kinetics of adhesion for the interaction of two marine bacterial species (Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus and Cobetia marina) to a range of organosulfur SAMs. Furthermore, the extent of adhesion is dependent on the backbone structures and functional groups of the SAMs. The role of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in bacterial adhesion is also investigated. Pre‐conditioning experiments with cell‐free culture supernatants, containing planktonic EPS, allow quantification of the amount adsorbed onto surfaces and directly account for the impact of EPS adsorption on bacterial adhesion in the assay. While the physicochemical characteristics of the surfaces play a significant role in determining bacterial cell adhesion for low levels of conditioning by planktonic EPS, greater levels of conditioning by EPS reduce the difference between surfaces.