bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Catalyst‐Free One‐Pot Reductive Alkylation of Primary and Secondary Amines and N,N‐Dimethylation of Amino Acids Using Sodium Borohydride in 2,2,2‐Trifluoroethanol.
Authors: Tajbakhsh Mahmood , Hosseinzadeh Rahman , Alinezhad Heshmatollah , Ghahari Somayeh , Heydari Akbar , Khaksar Samad 
Published: May 2011

AbstractA simple procedure for the reductive amination of aldehydes (including formaldehyde) and ketones using NaBH4 is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of α‐Amino Acids from Imines Through CO2 Incorporation: An Alternative Method for Strecker Synthesis.
Authors: Mita Tsuyoshi , Chen Jianyang , Sugawara Masumi , Sato Yoshihiro 
Published: May 2011

AbstractStarting from α‐amino sulfones, the synthesis of the esters (IV) is achieved via imine formation, stannylation, carboxylation and esterification.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Coupling of N‐Tosylhydrazones with ortho Substituted Aryl Halides: Synthesis of 4‐Arylchromenes and Related Heterocycles.
Authors: Rasolofonjatovo Evelia , Treguier Bret , Provot Olivier , Hamze Abdallah , Morvan Estelle , Brion Jean‐Daniel , Alami Mouad 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe one‐pot regioselective hydration of alkynes, N‐tosylhydrazene formation and Pd‐catalyzed coupling with aryl halides provides (Z)‐diarylolefins which are cyclized to afford heterocycles (VI) and (IX).
ChemInform Abstract: Gold‐Catalyzed Rearrangement of O‐Vinyl Oximes for the Synthesis of Highly Substituted Pyrroles.
Authors: Ngwerume Simbarashe , Camp Jason E. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractO‐vinyl oximes, synthesized by reaction of oximes with alkynecarboxylates, undergo an unprecedented Au‐catalyzed rearrangement to yield pyrroles [e,g.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel and One‐Pot Multicomponent Approach to the Synthesis of Dihydroindeno[1,2‐b]pyrroles and Indeno[2′,1′:4,5]pyrrolo[1,2‐a]‐Fused 1,3‐Diazaheterocycles.
Authors: Alizadeh Abdolali , Zarei Ameneh , Rezvanian Atieh 
Published: May 2011

AbstractAn easy, highly efficient, mild, and simple synthesis of the title compounds (IV) and (VI), which are heterocycles of potential synthetic and pharmalogical interest, is presented from readily available starting materials.
ChemInform Abstract: Nitropyridines. Part 10. Palladium‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of 2‐Bromo‐5‐nitropyridine with Terminal Acetylenes.
Authors: Sagitullina G. P. , Vorontsova M. A. , Garkushenko A. K. , Poendaev N. V. , Sagitullin R. S. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe synthesis of a series of substituted 2‐ethynyl‐5‐nitropyridines and their transformation into difficultly accessible 2‐acetyl‐5‐nitropyridine and 5‐nitro‐2‐phenacylpyridine is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Highly Regio‐ and Stereoselective Synthesis of 4‐Alkylidene‐4H‐3,1‐benzoxazines from N‐Acyl‐o‐alkynylanilines.
Authors: Saito Takao , Ogawa Shohei , Takei Naoya , Kutsumura Noriki , Otani Takashi 
Published: May 2011

AbstractA new, straightforward, and highly selective method to prepare 4‐alkylidenebenzoxazines of type (II) and (IV) is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 4‐(Substituted benzyl)‐1H,3H‐benzo[f]1,3,5‐triazepin‐2‐ones
Authors: Maruthikumar T. Venkata , Rao G. V. Panakala , Reddy V. Prabhakar , Rao P. Hanumantha 
Published: May 2011

Abstractvia reaction of o‐phenylenediamine (I) with 1,3,5‐oxadiazin‐2‐ones (II)
ChemInform Abstract: Application of Bis(trimethylsilyl) Phosphonite in the Efficient Preparation of New Heterocyclic α‐Aminomethyl‐H‐phosphinic Acids.
Authors: Olszewski Tomasz K. , Boduszek Bogdan 
Published: May 2011

AbstractA simple and reproducible synthesis of the title compounds (II) and the corresponding free acids (III), which are useful building blocks, e.g. in the synthesis of phosphinic pseudopeptides, is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrogenation and Conformational Analysis of (1R,2R,6S)‐3‐Methyl‐6‐(1‐methylethenyl)cyclohex‐3‐ene‐1,2‐diol.
Authors: Ardashov O. V. , Genaev A. M. , Il'ina I. V. , Korchagina D. V. , Volcho K. P. , Salakhutdinov N. F. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractNickel hydridoborate, generated in situ from NiCl2 and NaBH4, selectively reduces the exocyclic double bond in title compound (I) furnishing compound (II) in good yield.
ChemInform Abstract: Asterolaurins G‐J, New Xenicane Diterpenoids from the Taiwanese Soft Coral Asterospicularia laurae.
Authors: Lin Yun‐Sheng , Fazary Ahmed Eid , Chen Chung‐Hsiung , Kuo Yao‐Haur , Shen Ya‐Ching 
Published: May 2011

Abstractisolation and structure elucidation of asterolaurin G (I), H (II), I (III) and J (IV)
ChemInform Abstract: Schiglautone A, a New Tricyclic Triterpenoid with a Unique 6/7/9‐Fused Skeleton from the Stems of Schisandra Glaucescens.
Authors: Meng Fan‐Yu , Sun Jia‐Xiang , Li Xue , Yu Heng‐Yi , Li Shu‐Ming , Ruan Han‐Li 
Published: May 2011

AbstractTitle compound (I) shows weak cytotoxicity against HeLa, Hep G2, and SGC‐7901 cell lines.
ChemInform Abstract: Diels—Alder Reaction as a Synthetic Approach to Bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane Colchicine Analogues.
Authors: Nurieva E. V. , Semenova I. S. , Nuriev V. N. , Shishov D. V. , Baskin I. I. , Zefirova O. N. , Zefirov N. S. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe synthesis of the title bicyclononane colchicine analogues by Diels—Alder reactions of appropriate dienophiles with dienes proves to be rather difficult.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 3′‐Azido‐3′‐deoxythymidine (AZT)—Cinchona Alkaloid Conjugates via Click Chemistry: Toward Novel Fluorescent Markers and Cytostatic Agents.
Authors: Baraniak Dagmara , Kacprzak Karol , Celewicz Lech 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe copper‐catalyzed Huisgen azide‐alkyne cycloaddition reaction between azidodeoxythymidine (II) and Cinchona alkaloids (I) and (IV), resp., provides two series of conjugates as single products.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Multifunctional Materials Based on Oxide Thin Films and Artificial Heteroepitaxial Multilayers
Authors: Opel Matthias , Gepraegs Stephan , Menzel Edwin P. , Nielsen Andrea , Reisinger Daniel , Nielsen Karl‐Wilhelm , Brandlmaier Andreas , Czeschka Franz D. , Althammer Matthias , Weiler Mathias , et al. et al. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractReview: 150 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Phosphoramidite—Rhodium Complexes as Catalysts for the Asymmetric [2 + 2 + 2] Cycloaddition of Alkenyl Isocyanates and Alkynes
Authors: Friedman Rebecca Keller , Oberg Kevin M. , Dalton Derek M. , Rovis Tomislav 
Published: May 2011

AbstractReview: 40 refs.
5′,6′‐Nucleoside Phosphonate Analogues Architecture: Synthesis and Comparative Evaluation towards Metabolic Enzymes
Authors: Gallier Franck , Alexandre Julie A. C. , El Amri Chahrazade , Deville‐Bonne Dominique , Peyrottes Suzanne , Périgaud Christian 
Published: May 2011

AbstractNucleoside phosphonates have been designed as stable 5′‐mononucleotide mimics and are nowadays considered a potent class of antiviral agents. Within cells, they must be metabolised to the corresponding diphosphate to exert their biological activity. In this process, the first phosphorylation step, catalysed by nucleoside monophosphate kinases (NMP kinases), has been proposed as a bottleneck. Herein, we report the synthesis of a series of ribonucleoside phosphonate derivatives isosteric to 5′‐mononucleotides, with different degrees of flexibility within the 5′,6′‐CC bond, as well as different polarities, through the introduction of hydroxy groups. The influence of these modifications on the capacity of the compounds to act as substrates for appropriate human NMP kinases, involved in nucleic acids metabolism, has been investigated. Low flexibility, as well as an absence of hydroxy groups within the ribose–phosphorus architecture, is critical for efficient phosphotransfer. Among the series of pyrimidine analogues, one derivative was shown to be phosphorylated by human UMP‐CMP kinase, with rates similar to those of dUMP and even better than dCMP.
Aggregation of 2‐Aminobenzimidazole—A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Investigation
Authors: Angelova Silvia E. , Spassova Milena I. , Deneva Vera V. , Rogojerov Marin I. , Antonov Liudmil M. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractAn investigation of 2‐aminobenzimidazole was carried out by calculations at HF, MP2, and DFT levels of theory and also by UV and IR spectroscopy. The quantum chemical calculations predict a full shift of the equilibrium towards the amino form, but the absorption spectra in different solvents distinctly show a two‐component equilibrium system. Examination of possible equilibria in solution shows that an equilibrium between two dimeric forms of the amino tautomer of 2‐aminobenzimidazole explains the spectral observations.
Surface‐State‐Mediated Charge‐Transfer Dynamics in CdTe/CdSe Core–Shell Quantum Dots
Authors: Rawalekar Sachin , Kaniyankandy Sreejith , Verma Sandeep , Ghosh Hirendra N. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractHerein, we report the synthesis of aqueous CdTe/CdSe type‐II core–shell quantum dots (QDs) in which 3‐mercaptopropionic acid is used as the capping agent. The CdTe QDs and CdTe/CdSe core–shell QDs are characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR‐TEM), steady‐state absorption, and emission spectroscopy. A red shift in the steady‐state absorption and emission bands is observed with increasing CdSe shell thickness over CdTe QDs. The XRD pattern indicates that the peaks are shifted to higher angles after growth of the CdSe shell on the CdTe QDs. HR‐TEM images of both CdTe and CdTe/CdSe QDs indicate that the particles are spherical, with a good shape homogeneity, and that the particle size increases by about 2 nm after shell formation. In the time‐resolved emission studies, we observe that the average emission lifetime (τav) increases to 23.5 ns for CdTe/CdSe (for the thickest shell) as compared to CdTe QDs (τav=12 ns). The twofold increment in the average emission lifetime indicates an efficient charge separation in type‐II CdTe/CdSe core–shell QDs. Transient absorption studies suggest that both the carrier cooling and the charge‐transfer dynamics are affected by the presence of traps in the CdTe QDs and CdTe/CdSe core–shell QDs. Carrier quenching experiments indicate that hole traps strongly affect the carrier cooling dynamics in CdTe/CdSe core–shell QDs.
A Randomized Controlled Trial of Mindfulness‐Based Cognitive Therapy for Treating Tinnitus
Authors: Philippot Pierre , Nef François , Clauw Lucy , de Romrée Marie , Segal Zindel 
Published: May 2011

We conducted a randomized clinical trial to examine the relative effectiveness of two psychological interventions for treating tinnitus. People with tinnitus were initially offered a single session of psychoeducation about tinnitus, followed 2 months later by six weekly sessions of either mindfulness or relaxation training. Results indicated benefits from psychoeducation in reducing negative emotions, rumination and psychological difficulties of living with tinnitus. These effects were maintained or enhanced by mindfulness training that also emphasized acceptance, although they were eroded in the relaxation condition over the follow‐up. Mediating processes are discussed, and suggestions for refining clinical interventions for this population are offered. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message

The present results suggest that mindfulness training might constitute a useful addition to psychoeducation for interventions targeting the psychological consequences of tinnitus.
Metacognitive Factors in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Authors: Maher‐Edwards Lorraine , Fernie Bruce A. , Murphy Gabrielle , Nikcevic Ana V. , Spada Marcantonio M. 
Published: May 2011

Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), which is characterized by fatigue and flu‐like symptoms that are not alleviated by rest, is a poorly understood condition and an often controversial diagnosis. Earlier research has indicated that general metacognitions are associated with the severity of symptoms in patients with CFS. In the current study, we aimed to determine whether specific metacognitive factors are implicated in CFS. Using the metacognitive profiling interview template we investigated the following: (1) whether patients held positive or negative metacognitions about conceptual processes; (2) what their goals with respect to engaging in these processes were; and (3) what indicated that it was appropriate to stop. We also examined attention focus when experiencing CFS symptoms, and its advantages and disadvantages. Results showed that patients endorsed positive and negative metacognitions pertaining to conceptual processes. The goals of engaging in these processes were to identify the cause of, and devise strategies to cope with, symptoms. Patients were either unable to identify a stop signal for conceptual processing or identified an improvement in fatigue‐related symptoms as representing the stop signal. Finally, patients reported that their attention focus when experiencing symptoms included distraction and monitoring of symptoms. Advantages to these strategies included symptom management, whereas disadvantages included an escalation of negative affect. The present findings provide preliminary evidence that specific metacognitive factors may be involved in CFS. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message

Metacognitive profiling that may aid assessment and conceptualisation of psychological distress in CFS.
Limitations of Disordered Carbons Obtained from Biomass as Anodes for Real Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Caballero Alvaro , Hernán Lourdes , Morales Julián 
Published: May 2011

AbstractTwo disordered microporous carbons were obtained from two different types of biomass residues: olive and cherry stones. The former (OS) was activated physically under steam while the latter (CS) chemically with an aqueous solution of ZnCl2. Their structural and textural properties were studied by X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and N2 adsorption/desorption. Although the samples possess similar textural properties (BET surface areas, micropore surfaces and volumes), the CS carbon is more disordered than the OS carbon. Their electrochemical response in half‐cells (CS [OS]/Li) is good; the values are comparable to those obtained from mesocarbon microbeads commonly used in commercial lithium‐ion batteries, which consist of highly graphitized carbon. However, cells featuring the OS or CS carbon as anode and LiMn2O4 as cathode perform poorly. Electrochemical activation of the electrodes against lithium metal, a recommended procedure for boosting the electrochemical properties of real lithium‐ion batteries, improves cell performance (particularly with OS) but is ultimately ineffective: the delivered average capacity of the activated cell made from OS was less than half its theoretical value. The high irreversible capacity, high polarization between the charge and discharge curves, combined with the presence of various functional groups and the high disorder of the studied carbons which may facilitate side reactions such as electrolyte decomposition, results in a degraded cell performance.
Behavioral screening for neuroactive drugs in zebrafish
Authors: Rihel Jason , Schier Alexander F. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe larval zebrafish has emerged as a vertebrate model system amenable to small molecule screens for probing diverse biological pathways. Two large‐scale small molecule screens examined the effects of thousands of drugs on larval zebrafish sleep/wake and photomotor response behaviors. Both screens identified hundreds of molecules that altered zebrafish behavior in distinct ways. The behavioral profiles induced by these small molecules enabled the clustering of compounds according to shared phenotypes. This approach identified regulators of sleep/wake behavior and revealed the biological targets for poorly characterized compounds. Behavioral screening for neuroactive small molecules in zebrafish is an attractive complement to in vitro screening efforts, because the complex interactions in the vertebrate brain can only be revealed in vivo. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 72: 373–385, 2012
Synaptic defects in spinal muscular atrophy animal models
Authors: Torres‐Benito Laura , Ruiz Rocío , Tabares Lucía 
Published: May 2011

AbstractProximal spinal muscular atrophy, the most frequent genetic cause of childhood lethality, is caused by homozygous loss or mutation of the SMN1 gene on human chromosome 5, which codes for the survival motor neuron (SMN) protein. SMN plays a role in the assembly of small nuclear ribonucleoproteins and, additionally, in synaptic function. SMN deficiency produces defects in motor neuron β‐actin mRNA axonal transport, neurofilament dynamics, neurotransmitter release, and synapse maturation. The underlying molecular mechanisms and, in particular, the role of the cytoskeleton on the pathogenesis of this disease are starting to be revealed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 72: 126–133, 2012
Optogenetics: A new enlightenment age for zebrafish neurobiology
Authors: Del Bene Filippo , Wyart Claire 
Published: May 2011

AbstractZebrafish became a model of choice for neurobiology because of the transparency of its brain and because of its amenability to genetic manipulation. In particular, at early stages of development the intact larva is an ideal system to apply optical techniques for deep imaging in the nervous system, as well as genetically encoded tools for targeting subsets of neurons and monitoring and manipulating their activity. For these applications, new genetically encoded optical tools, fluorescent sensors, and light‐gated channels have been generated, creating the field of “optogenetics.” It is now possible to monitor and control neuronal activity with minimal perturbation and unprecedented spatio‐temporal resolution. We describe here the main achievements that have occurred in the last decade in imaging and manipulating neuronal activity in intact zebrafish larvae. We provide also examples of functional dissection of neuronal circuits achieved with the applications of these techniques in the visual and locomotor systems. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 72: 404–414, 2012
CD40 translocation to lipid rafts: Signaling requirements and downstream biological events
Authors: Nadiri Amal , Polyak Maria J. , Jundi Malek , Alturaihi Haydar , Reyes‐Moreno Carlos , Hassan Ghada S. , Mourad Walid 
Published: May 2011

AbstractCD40, a member of the TNF receptor family, is expressed on a variety of immune and non‐immune cells. Its interaction with its ligand, CD154, plays a pivotal role in humoral and cell‐mediated immunity. A low level of CD40 is constitutively associated within membrane lipid rafts and, upon engagement, this level is significantly enhanced. In this study, our objective is to evaluate the process of CD40/lipid raft association in terms of the signals required for its initiation and the resulting biological outcomes. Here, we show the CD40/lipid raft association to be independent of PI‐3‐kinase, Src family kinases and p38 MAPK pathways. Moreover, CD40 lacking its intracellular domain, which is usually required for CD40‐mediated signaling, still localizes to lipid rafts upon engagement, confirming that the CD40/lipid raft association is independent of signaling events. As to the biological outcomes of the CD40/lipid raft association, we show that disrupting lipid raft integrity selectively abolishes CD40‐mediated Akt phosphorylation. In addition, replacing the transmembrane domain of CD40 with that of CD45 (a protein excluded from lipid rafts) dramatically reduced CD40‐mediated Akt phosphorylation and B7.1 upregulation, while not influencing p38, ERK and JNK activation. Together, these findings clarify the requirements for CD40/lipid raft association and the signals triggered upon CD40 engagement by CD154.
The Rubrenic Synthesis: The Delicate Equilibrium between Tetracene and Cyclobutene
Authors: Braga Daniele , Jaafari Abdelhafid , Miozzo Luciano , Moret Massimo , Rizzato Silvia , Papagni Antonio , Yassar Abderrahim 
Published: May 2011

AbstractHerein we describe the synthesis of new substituted tetraaryltetracenes, obtained by the dimerization of triarylchloroallenes, prepared from propargyl alcohols. The propargyl alcohols were prepared by two different synthetic strategies and then the alcohols were treated to obtain the corresponding acenes. In addition to the expected tetracene derivatives, we observed the formation of bis(alkylidene)cyclobutenes. When strong electron‐donating substituents were present, the main product was the cyclobutene. We discuss a reaction mechanism that accounts for the formation of the cyclobutenes.
Efficient Asymmetric Synthesis of Long‐Chain Polyketides Containing up to Ten Contiguous Stereogenic Centres by Double Chain Elongation
Authors: Turks Maris , Fairweather Kelly A. , Scopelliti Rosario , Vogel Pierre 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe 2,3‐anti‐3,4‐syn‐stereotriad (1Z,2S,3R,4S)‐1‐ethylidene‐2,4‐dimethyl‐3‐[(1S)‐1‐phenylethoxy]‐5‐oxopent‐1‐yl isobutyrate {(–)‐8, obtained in a one‐pot operation from the trimethylsilyl (Z)‐enol ether derived from pentan‐3‐one and(1E,3Z)‐1[(1S)‐phenylethoxy]‐2‐methylpenta‐1,3‐dien‐3‐ylisobutyrate through SO2 umpolung} contains an ethyl ketone moiety that undergoes diastereoselective cross‐aldol reactions with acetaldehyde. After subsequent reductions, various diastereomeric stereohexads (polypropionate fragments containing six contiguous stereogenic centres) in which the (Z)‐enol isobutyrate units remained intact were obtained. After suitable protection, these were converted into their corresponding lithium (Z)‐enolates, which could react with isopropylidene D‐glyceraldehyde [(+)‐9] to give aldol products that were reduced to various stereodecads (polyketides with ten contiguous stereogenic centres). The disclosed chemistry represents a quick, asymmetric, diastereoselective andstereodivergent construction of long‐chain polyketides and analogues by a double‐chain‐elongation strategy.
Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Hydrogenative Cyclization of Allenynes
Authors: Kim Hyo‐Tong , Yoon Hyo‐Sang , Jang Woo‐Young , Kang Youn K. , Jang Hye‐Young 
Published: May 2011

AbstractUpon platinum‐catalyzed hydrogenation, allenynes underwent reductive cyclization to provide hetero‐ and carbocycles with completely controlled regio‐ and stereoselectivity. By employing hydrogen as a reductant, the use of stoichiometric amounts of toxic organometallic reductants was avoided, leading to clean and cost‐effective synthesis. A possible catalytic cycle is proposed on the basis of a deuterium‐labeling study and theoretical calculations.
Direct Electrooxidation of Ascorbic Acid at the Nanocrystaline Graphite‐like Pyrolytic Carbon Film Electrode
Authors: Hadi M. , Rouhollahi A. , Yousefi M. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractPyrolytic carbon films (PCFs) were prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) at different deposition temperatures. As an example of using PCF electrode in electroanalysis, the direct electrooxidation of ascorbic acid (AA) at the PCF electrode was investigated and compared with common carbon‐based electrodes such as glassy carbon (GC), edge plane pyrolytic graphite (EPPG), and basal plane pyrolytic graphite (BPPG) electrodes. It was found that the PCF electrodes prepared under deposition temperatures higher than 1050 °C showed a higher sensitivity and lower overpotential compared to the other carbon electrodes. The electrode was successfully applied for determination of AA in real samples.