bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying Individuals With an Anterior Cruciate Ligament-Deficient Knee as Copers and Noncopers: A Narrative Literature Review
Authors: Kaplan Yonatan 
Published: October 2011

Study Design Narrative literature review. Objectives First, to explore the differences and outcomes between individuals who have had anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction and those who did not undergo surgical intervention, following a tear of the ACL. Second, to review the evidence related to the ability to identify individuals who may or may not need surgery after an ACL rupture. Finally, to describe the differences between copers and noncopers. Background ACL rupture may result in increased tibiofemoral laxity and impaired neuromuscular function, which ultimately may lead to knee instability and dysfunction. Individuals who opt to choose surgery due to these changes may be defined as “noncopers.” Conversely, those individuals who have an ACL-deficient knee without functional impairment and instability and successfully resume preinjury activity levels without surgical intervention may be defined as “copers.” Methods An electronic search was conducted up to April 2011, using medical subject headings and free-text words. The subject-specific search was based on the terms “anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction versus conservative treatment,” “copers,” “noncopers.” Results A similar percentage of copers and noncopers return to sporting activity. Three papers used an algorithm and screening examination involving individuals with ACL injuries. Evidence suggests that, as opposed to copers, noncopers have deficits in quadriceps strength, vastus lateralis atrophy, quadriceps activation deficits, altered knee movement patterns, reduced knee flexion moment, and greater quadriceps/hamstring cocontraction. Conclusion ACL screening examination showed preliminary evidence for detecting potential copers. Objective differences exist between copers and noncopers. Individuals with ACL injury should be informed of the possibility of good knee function following a nonoperative rehabilitation program. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2011;41(10):758–766. doi:10.2519/jospt.2011.3384
Development of a Cumulative Psychosocial Factor Index for Problematic Recovery Following Work-Related Musculoskeletal Injuries
Authors: Wideman Timothy H. , Sullivan Michael J.L. 
Published: October 2011

Background
Psychosocial variables such as fear of movement, depression, and pain catastrophizing have been shown to be important prognostic factors for a wide range of pain-related outcomes. The potential for a cumulative relationship between different elevated psychosocial factors and problematic recovery following physical therapy has not been fully explored.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to determine whether the level of risk for problematic recovery following work-related injuries is associated with the number of elevated psychosocial factors.

Design
This was a prospective cohort study.

Methods
Two hundred two individuals with subacute, work-related musculoskeletal injuries completed a 7-week physical therapy intervention and participated in testing at treatment onset and 1 year later. An index of psychosocial risk was created from measures of fear of movement, depression, and pain catastrophizing. This index was used to predict the likelihood of experiencing problematic recovery in reference to pain intensity and return-to-work status at the 1-year follow-up.

Results
Logistic regression analysis revealed that the number of prognostic factors was a significant predictor of persistent pain and work disability at the 1-year follow-up. Chi-square analysis revealed that the risk for problematic recovery increased for patients with elevated levels on at least 1 psychosocial factor and was highest when patients had elevated scores on all 3 psychosocial factors.

Limitations
The physical therapy interventions used in this study were not standardized. This study did not include a specific measure for physical function.

Conclusions
The number of elevated psychosocial factors present in the subacute phase of recovery has a cumulative effect on the level of risk for problematic recovery 1 year later. This research suggests that a cumulative prognostic factor index could be used in clinical settings to improve prognostic accuracy and to facilitate clinical decision making.
Patient comorbidity score predicting the incidence of perioperative complications: assessing the impact of comorbidities on complications in spine surgery
Authors: Campbell Peter G. , Yadla Sanjay , Nasser Rani , Malone Jennifer , Maltenfort Mitchell G. , Ratliff John K. 
Published: October 2011

Object
Present attempts to control health care costs focus on reducing the incidence of complications and hospital-acquired conditions (HACs). One approach uses restriction or elimination of hospital payments for HACs. Present approaches assume that all HACs are created equal and that payment restrictions should be applied uniformly. Patient factors, and especially patient comorbidities, likely impact complication incidence. The relationship of patient comorbidities and complication incidence in spine surgery has not been prospectively reported.

Methods
The authors conducted a prospective assessment of complications in spine surgery during a 6-month period; an independent auditor and a validated definition of perioperative complications were used. Initial demographics captured relevant patient comorbidities. The authors constructed a model of relative risk assessment based on the presence of a variety of comorbidities. They examined the impact of specific comorbidities and the cumulative effect of multiple comorbidities on complication incidence.

Results
Two hundred forty-nine patients undergoing 259 procedures at a tertiary care facility were evaluated during the 6-month duration of the study. Eighty percent of the patients underwent fusion procedures. One hundred thirty patients (52.2%) experienced at least 1 complication, with major complications occurring in 21.4% and minor complications in 46.4% of the cohort. Major complications doubled the median duration of hospital stay, from 6 to 12 days in cervical spine patients and from 7 to 14 days in thoracolumbar spine patients. At least 1 comorbid condition was present in 86% of the patients. An increasing number of comorbidities strongly correlated with increased risk of major, minor, and any complications (p = 0.017, p < 0.0001, and p < 0.0001, respectively). Patient factors correlating with increased risk of specific complications included systemic malignancy and cardiac conditions other than hypertension.

Conclusions
Comorbidities significantly increase the risk of perioperative complications. An increasing number of comorbidities in an individual patient significantly increases the risk of a perioperative adverse event. Patient factors significantly impact the relative risk of HACs and perioperative complications.
Partial defoliation and hydraulic integration in Ocimum basilicum (Lamiaceae): Testing a model for sectored xylem flow using 15 N labeling
Authors: Thorn Alexandra M. , Orians Colin M. 
Published: October 2011

• Premise of the study: Xylem sectoriality limits nutrient translocation throughout the plant, which may constrain growth following partial defoliation by herbivores. To date, the implications for nutrient allocation have not been assessed, and sectoriality studies lack a modeling framework for relating intersector transport to the hydraulic properties of the stem.• Methods: We present an Ohm's law model for sectoriality of xylem transport in basil (Ocimum basilicum), which we parameterized and tested using hydroponically grown split‐root basil, pruned to two branches. To evaluate xylem resistance, we forced KCl solution through excised stems along either direct or indirect pathways. To examine the effect of partial defoliation on nutrient allocation, we applied 15N‐NO3 to one half of the root system after one of three defoliation treatments: uniform, orthostichous to label, or opposite the label.• Key results: In support of our model, we found a tight correlation between total water uptake and total leaf area and between the actual and predicted proportions of water taken up from the labeled container. Significantly more 15N accumulated in orthostichous than in opposite sector leaves for the uniform and opposite defoliation treatments, but not for the orthostichous defoliation treatment. Across individuals, 15N distribution varied as predicted by the model, but there was generally 10% more 15N crossover than predicted.• Conclusions: These results support our model and suggest high potential integration for O. basilicum. The fact that our model consistently underestimated the rate of crossover suggests that other mechanisms are also in play. Future research should evaluate possible mechanisms for this mixing, including the role of transporters in specialized transfer cells.
Numerical Continuation of Resonances and Bound States in Coupled Channel Schrödinger Equations
Authors: Kłosiewicz Przemysław , Broeckhove Jan , Vanroose Wim 
Published: October 2011

AbstractIn this contribution, we introduce numerical continuation methods and bifurcation theory, techniques which find their roots in the study of dynamical systems, to the problem of tracing the parameter dependence of bound and resonant states of the quantum mechanical Schrödinger equation. We extend previous work on the subject [1] to systems of coupled equations.Bound and resonant states of the Schrödinger equation can be determined through the poles of the S-matrix, a quantity that can be derived from the asymptotic form of the wave function. We introduce a regularization procedure that essentially transforms the S-matrix into its inverse and improves its smoothness properties, thus making it amenable to numerical continuation. This allows us to automate the process of tracking bound and resonant states when parameters in the Schrödinger equation are varied. We have applied this approach to a number of model problems with satisfying results.
A Low Frequency Model for Acoustic Propagation in a 2D Flow Duct: Numerical Computation
Authors: Joubert Lauris , Joly Patrick 
Published: October 2011

AbstractIn this paper we study a low frequency model for acoustic propagation in a 2D flow duct. For some Mach profile flow, we are able to give a well-posedness theorem. Its proof relies on a quasi-explicit expression of the solution which provides us an efficient numerical method. We give and comment numerical results for particular linear, tangent and quadratic profiles. Finally, we give a numerical validation of our asymptotic model.
TE Mode Mixing Dynamics in Curved Multimode Optical Waveguides
Authors: Perrey-Debain Emmanuel , Abrahams I. David 
Published: October 2011

AbstractPropagation of light through curved graded index optical waveguides supporting an arbitrary high number of modes is investigated. The discussion is restricted to optical wave fields which are well confined within the core region and losses through radiation are neglected. Using coupled mode theory formalism, two new forms for the propagation kernel for the transverse electric (TE) wave as it travels along a curved two-dimensional waveguide are presented. One form, involving the notion of “bend” modes, is shown to be attractive from a computational point of view as it allows an efficient numerical evaluation of the optical field for sharply bent waveguides.
Asymptotics for Helmholtz and Maxwell Solutions in 3-D Open Waveguides
Authors: Jerez-Hanckes Carlos , Nédélec Jean-Claude 
Published: October 2011

AbstractWe extend classic Sommerfeld and Silver-Müller radiation conditions for bounded scatterers to acoustic and electromagnetic fields propagating over three isotropic homogeneous layers in three dimensions. If X= (x1,x2,x3)ϵℝ3, with x3 denoting the direction orthogonal to the layers, standard conditions only hold for the outer layers in the region ∣x3∣ > ∣∣x∣γ, for γϵ(1/4,1/2) and x large. For ∣x3∣ < ∣∣x∣∣γ and inside the slab, asymptotic behavior depends on the presence of surface or guided modes given by the discrete spectrum of the associated operator.
Failure of elastic‐plastic core–shell microcapsules under compression
Authors: Mercadé‐Prieto Ruben , Allen Rachael , Zhang Zhibing , York David , Preece Jon A. , Goodwin Ted E. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractCharacterization of the failure behavior of microcapsules is extremely important to control the release of their core actives by mechanical forces. The strain and stress of elastic‐plastic uninflated core–shell microcapsules at failure (rupture or bursting) has been determined using finite element modeling (FEM) and micromanipulation compression experiments. The ductile failure of polymeric microcapsules at high deformations is considered to occur when the maximum strain in the shell exceeds a critical strain, resulting in their rupture. FEM has been used to determine the maximum strains present in the capsule wall at different deformations for three types of shell material: elastic, elastic—perfectly plastic and elastic—perfectly plastic with strain hardening at large strains. The results obtained were used to determine the failure strain and stress of melamine‐formaldehyde microcapsules, with average population values of ∼0.48 and ∼350 MPa, respectively. Thus, the elastic‐plastic stress–strain relationship has been determined for the core–shell microcapsules tested. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2012
Biologie‐orientierte Synthese (BIOS)
Authors: Wetzel Stefan , Bon Robin S. , Kumar Kamal , Waldmann Herbert 
Published: October 2011

AbstractWelche Substanzklassen eignen sich am besten als Werkzeuge für chemisch‐biologische Forschung und als Inspiration für medizinalchemische Projekte? Der chemische Strukturraum ist riesig und kann durch Synthese von Verbindungen nicht vollständig exploriert werden. Daher werden Methoden benötigt, mit deren Hilfe die biologisch relevanten Anteile des chemischen Strukturraums identifiziert und kartiert werden können. Die mit diesen Methoden erzeugten Hypothesen inspirieren dann Syntheseprogramme, um die biologisch relevanten Teile des Strukturraumes mit realen Verbindungen zu füllen. Die Biologie‐orientierte Synthese baut darauf auf, dass die Evolution von Proteinen und Naturstoffen sich auf bestimmte Strukturklassen beschränkt. Sie nutzt eine hierarchische Klassifikation bioaktiver Substanzen, die auf Substrukturbeziehungen und der Art der biologischen Aktivität beruht. Mit dieser Methode werden Gerüststrukturen biologisch aktiver Substanzklassen ausgewählt und als Startpunkte für die Synthese von Substanzkollektionen mit fokussierter Diversität genutzt. Scaffold Hunter, ein intuitiv zugängliches und hochgradig interaktives Computerprogramm, ermöglicht die Navigation im chemischen Strukturraum. In Bibliotheken niedermolekularer Substanzen, die nach dem BIOS‐Konzept synthetisiert wurden, ist biologische Aktivität oft angereichert. Sie ermöglichen die Untersuchung komplexer biologischer Phänomene durch direkte Perturbation und können darüber hinaus auch als Inspiration in der Medikamentenentwicklung dienen.
LiClO4 salt concentration effect on the properties of PVC‐modified low molecular weight LENR50‐based solid polymer electrolyte
Authors: Rahman M. Y. A. , Ahmad A. , Lee T. K. , Farina Y. , Dahlan H. M. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractA work was carried out on a solid polymeric electrolyte system comprising blends of poly (vinyl chloride) and liquid 50% epoxidized natural rubber (LENR50) as a polymer host with LiClO4 as a salt and prepared by solution casting technique. In this paper, the main study was the effect of LiClO4 salt concentration on the electrolyte properties. The effect of the salt on the electrolyte properties was characterized and analyzed with impedance spectroscopy (EIS), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The EIS result showed that highest ionic conductivity was obtained at 30 wt % salt with a value of 2.3 × 10−8 S cm−1. The XRD results revealed that the LiClO4 salt was fully complexed within the polymer host as no sharp peaks were observed. However, above 30 wt % of salt, some sharp peaks were observed. This phenomenon was caused by the association of ions. Meanwhile, DSC analysis showed that Tg increased as the salt content increased. This implied that LiClO4 salt had interaction with polymer host by forming coordination bond. The morphologies' studies showed that good homogeneity and compatibility of the electrolyte were achieved. Upon the addition of the salt, formation of micropores occurred. It was noted that micropores which aid in mobility of ions in the electrolyte system has increased the ionic conductivity. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Effect of phenol functionalization of carbon nanotubes on properties of natural rubber nanocomposites
Authors: Thomas P. Selvin , Abdullateef Adedigba A. , Al‐Harthi Mamdouh A. , Basfar A. A. , Bandyopadhyay Sri , Atieh Muataz A. , De S. K. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThis paper reports the results of studies on the effect of phenol functionalization of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on the mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties of natural rubber (NR) composites. Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) indicates characteristic peaks for ether and aromatic rings in the case of phenol functionalized CNT. Although differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) studies show no changes in the glass‐rubber transition temperature (Tg) of NR in the nanocomposites due to surface modification of CNT, dynamic mechanical studies show marginal shifting of Tg to higher temperature, the effect being pronounced in the case of functionalized CNT. Stress‐strain plots suggest an optimum loading of 5 phr CNT in NR formulations and the phenolic functionalization of CNT does not affect significantly the stress‐strain properties of the NR nanocomposites. The storage moduli register an increase in the presence of CNT and this increase is greater in the case of functionalized CNT. Loss tangent showed a decrease in the presence of CNT, and the effect is more pronounced in the case of phenol functionalized CNT. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) reveals that phenol functionalization causes improvement in dispersion of CNT in NR matrix. This is corroborated by the increase in electrical resistivity in the case of phenol functionalized CNT/NR composites. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Synthesis of full and semi Interpenetrating hydrogel from polyvinyl alcohol and poly (acrylic acid‐co‐hydroxyethylmethacrylate) copolymer: Study of swelling behavior, network parameters, and dye uptake properties
Authors: Mandal Bidyadhar , Ray Samit Kumar , Bhattacharyya Ruma 
Published: October 2011

AbstractSemi and full interpenetrating network (IPN) hydrogels were synthesized by allowing free radical copolymerization of acrylic acid (AA) and hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) in the matrix of polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH). Accordingly, four different semi IPN hydrogels were prepared with PVOH: copolymer mass ratio of 1 : 1, 1 : 0.75, 1 : 0.5, and 1 : 0.25. These hydrogels were designated as SEMIIPN1, SEMIIPN2, SEMIIPN3, and SEMIIPN4, respectively. In all of these SEMIIPN, after polymerization PVOH was crosslinked with 2 mass % glutaraldehyde to form the semi IPN structure. In a similar way, sequential full IPN were prepared from PVOH and copolymer of AA and HEMA (designated as PAAHEMA) with same composition except in this case apart from crosslinking of PVOH by 2 mass % glutaraldehyde the PAAHEMA copolymer was further crosslinked with N,N′‐methylenebisacrylamide (NMBA) to produce four full IPN hydrogels designated as FULLIPN1, FULLIPN2, FULLIPN3, and FULLIPN4. All of these semi and full IPN type hydrogels were characterized by carboxylic %, FTIR, UV, DTA‐TGA, XRD, SEM, and mechanical properties. The network parameters, swelling and diffusion characteristics of these hydrogels were also studied. The performance of these semi and full IPNs were compared in terms of their relative abilities for removing varied concentration of rhodamine B (RB) and methyl Violet (MV) dyes from water. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Mild Synthetic Approach to Novel Indole‐1‐Carbinols and Preliminary Evaluation of Their Cytotoxicity in Hepatocarcinoma Cells
Authors: Zedda Gloria , Simbula Gabriella , Begala Michela , Pibiri Monica , Floris Costantino , Casu Mariano , Casu Laura , Tocco Graziella 
Published: October 2011

AbstractA mild and versatile method for the synthesis of some novel indole‐1‐carbinols has been developed via one‐pot reaction of indoles and paraformaldehyde in the presence of an excess of CaO, MgO, ZnO or TiO2. The solvent‐free reaction provided all the indole derivatives in moderate to good yields and short reaction times. Moreover, the effect of some selected indole‐1‐carbinols on cell proliferation of the hepatoma cell line FaO was evaluated.
Using structural information and citation evidence to detect significant plagiarism cases in scientific publications
Authors: Alzahrani Salha , Palade Vasile , Salim Naomie , Abraham Ajith 
Published: October 2011

AbstractIn plagiarism detection (PD) systems, two important problems should be considered: the problem of retrieving candidate documents that are globally similar to a document q under investigation, and the problem of side‐by‐side comparison of q and its candidates to pinpoint plagiarized fragments in detail. In this article, the authors investigate the usage of structural information of scientific publications in both problems, and the consideration of citation evidence in the second problem. Three statistical measures namely Inverse Generic Class Frequency, Spread, and Depth are introduced to assign a degree of importance (i.e., weight) to structural components in scientific articles. A term‐weighting scheme is adjusted to incorporate component‐weight factors, which is used to improve the retrieval of potential sources of plagiarism. A plagiarism screening process is applied based on a measure of resemblance, in which component‐weight factors are exploited to ignore less or nonsignificant plagiarism cases. Using the notion of citation evidence, parts with proper citation evidence are excluded, and remaining cases are suspected and used to calculate the similarity index. The authors compare their approach to two flat‐based baselines, TF‐IDF weighting with a Cosine coefficient, and shingling with a Jaccard coefficient. In both baselines, they use different comparison units with overlapping measures for plagiarism screening. They conducted extensive experiments using a dataset of 15,412 documents divided into 8,657 source publications and 6,755 suspicious queries, which included 18,147 plagiarism cases inserted automatically. Component‐weight factors are assessed using precision, recall, and F‐measure averaged over a 10‐fold cross‐validation and compared using the ANOVA statistical test. Results from structural‐based candidate retrieval and plagiarism detection are evaluated statistically against the flat baselines using paired‐t tests on 10‐fold cross‐validation runs, which demonstrate the efficacy achieved by the proposed framework. An empirical study on the system's response shows that structural information, unlike existing plagiarism detectors, helps to flag significant plagiarism cases, improve the similarity index, and provide human‐like plagiarism screening results.