bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fatal cytomegalovirus myocarditis in a seronegative ALL patient
Authors: ADACHI NAOTO , KIWAKI KOHJI , TSUCHIYA HIROYUKI , MIGITA MASAHIRO , YOSHIMOTO TOSHIMI , MATSUDA ICHIRO 
Published: January 2011

AbstractFatal cytomegalovirus (CMV) myocarditis occurred in a 2 year old boy with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in remission. The patient showed mild hepatic dysfunction and a rapid progress of pancytopenia after complete remission had been achieved. At the fifth week of complete remission, he presented signs of heart failure such as tachycardia, S4 gallop on auscultation and decreased ejection fraction on echocardiography. However, no significant electrocardiographic changes were recognized. In addition to the cardiac dysfunction, the patient presented a marked tachypnea and dyspnea associated with hypoxemia. These were dramatically improved by methylprednisolone pulse therapy (30 mg/kg per day, for 3 days) and CMV high titer immunoglobulin (400 mg/kg per day, for 3 days). On the sixth day after signs of respiratory failure were improved, the patient suddenly presented a paroxysmal atrial tachycardia followed by a fatal ventricular fibrillation. Although we could detect neither a specific IgM antibody, a significant increase of IgG antibody, nor CMV genome by DNA hybridization techniques during the course of the illness, microscopic examination of necropsy specimens of the heart showed a marked disruption and disintegration of muscle bands associated with cytomegalic inclusion bodies. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) yielded a 305 bp amplification product in the heart and lung tissues, supporting the view that myocarditis was caused by CMV.
Interferon‐α potentiates priming‐dependent FMLP‐induced neutrophil superoxide generation in a patient with chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: TOMODA TAKASHI , OKADA TAISUKE , HISAKAWA HIROAKI , WAKIGUCHI HIROSHI , KURASHIGE TAKANOBU 
Published: January 2011

Abstract13 year old girl diagnosed as having chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) was treated with interferon‐α (IFN‐α) alone and 4 months later hematological remission was obtained. In the course of the IFN‐α treatment there was neither infectious sign nor side effects. In this study we have examined the effect of IFN‐α on superoxide O2− generation by polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN). The PMN of the patient generated less O2− than PMN from normal controls. When patient PMN were cultured in the presence of 1000 U/mL IFN‐α, enhancement of the formyl‐methionyl‐leucyl‐phenylalanine induced O2−generation following priming with tissue necrosis factor‐α was observed. Over the course of the IFN‐α therapy, such O2− generation was gradually restored. It is suggested that CML PMN are in the resting condition in terms of their ability to generate O2− and that IFN‐α is effective in inducing O2− generation by CML PMN.
Clinical features of Bardet‐Biedl syndrome
Authors: ÖZER GÜLER , YÜKSEL BİLGIN , SÜLEYMANOVA DİLARA , ALHAN EMRE , DEMİRCAN NİHAL , ÖNENLİ NESLİHAN 
Published: January 2011

AbstractSix patients with Bardet‐Biedl syndrome who have been followed in our clinics for the last 5 years are reported in this study. Of the five classic features of this syndrome; obesity and mental retardation were present in all cases, retinal disturbances were present in five, Polydactyly in three and hypogenitalism was observed in all four male patients. Renal involvement, often suggested as a cardinal feature of this syndrome, was described in two patients. Iron deficiency anemia occurred in three patients, two patients were of short stature, one patient presented with an empty sella, and in two patients clinodactyly was detected. The results are compared to previously published literature and discussed.
Child abuse viewed through the hot‐line in Osaka, Japan
Authors: KOBAYASHI MICHIKO , NAYA YASUKO , SUZUKI ATSUKO , KATO YOKO , HIRATA YOSHIKO , GOUGH DAVID 
Published: January 2011

AbstractCases of child abuse identified by a hot‐line telephone service and by a survey of health and welfare agencies are reported. Many consultations to the telephone hot‐line were from mothers concerned about maltreating their own children. In such cases, the extent of abuse was often mild to moderate, and many of those mothers were troubled about child care in the relatively segregated context of the nuclear family. In only a few cases did the callers indicate that the children's life was in danger. In the administrative survey, however, deaths occurred in 5% of the cases, and the abused children frequently had physical and psychological symptoms. There were also more frequent and more serious family problems in the administrative survey compared to the telephone consultation cases. The findings of these surveys suggest that many children and parents are suffering from child abuse in Japan, that many cases are currently not being identified by health and welfare agencies, and that a wide range of measures, from protection of severely abused children to prevention of abuse, are necessary.
A boy with psychosocial short stature followed up from infancy to adulthood
Authors: SUWA SEIZO 
Published: January 2011

AbstractA boy with psychosocial short stature who has been followed up from the age of 11 months to adulthood is described. The boy was the product of an unwanted pregnancy. The emaciated short boy gained weight and height markedly during a short‐term stay at hospital, but lost weight and experienced minimal height gain at home. On the fourth hospital admission at the age of 6 years 3 months the boy weighed 10 kg and measured 85.7 cm, he was malnourished and exhibited strange behavior and had a voracious appetite. He was examined endocrinologically and provocative tests performed early after admission showed insufficient growth hormone secretion, although this recovered later at a time of catch‐up growth. The boy was reared in an orphanage from the age of 6 years 5 months until the age of 15 years 3 months. His growth rapidly caught up to a normal rate, his abnormal behavior disappeared, and he demonstrated an increased IQ. He attained 169.5 cm at the age of 17.5 years and possessed normal secondary sexual characteristics. After graduating from senior high school the patient has been living happily by himself without intervention from his mother, and is working in a Chinese restaurant. The impaired relationship between the boy and mother has never been restored. The record of growth and development described in this case is the longest ever reported.
Interferon‐γ therapy for infection control in chronic granulomatous disease
Authors: OHGA SHOUICHI , OKAMURA JUN , NAKAYAMA HIDEKI , NAGATOSHI YOSHIHISA , UEDA KOHJI 
Published: January 2011

AbstractInterferon (IFN)‐γ was subcutaneously administered to four patients with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) in order to evaluate its effects in controlling infection. Patients 1 to 3 were all males, while patient 4 was female. In patients 2 and 4, the length of infection‐associated hospitalization during the year of IFN therapy was significantly shorter than that during the whole observed period prior to IFN therapy. In patients 1 and 2, the length of hospitalization during a year of IFN therapy was shorter than that during 1 year prior to the therapy. Patient 3 exhibited no reduction in terms of the length of infectious disease during IFN therapy, because he suffered from a liver abscess before and during the therapy. As soon as the IFN therapy was stopped, patient 2 developed pneumonia and lymphadenitis, which were promptly relieved by readministering the agent. During 1 year of IFN therapy, patients 1, 2 and 4 showed no significant changes in either the nitroblue tetrazolium test, O2‐ production or the expression of NADPH oxidase components in neutrophils. On the other hand, the O2‐ generating ability of neutrophils from patient 3 slightly increased. Our limited observations suggest that IFN‐γ may be variably beneficial for infection control in CGD‐patients, irrespective of the in vitro phagocyte functions. A longer follow‐up time is needed to confirm the IFN response in CGD‐patients.
Outbreak of pertussis in highly immunized adolescents and its secondary spread to their families
Authors: AOYAMA TATSUO , HARASHIMA MITSUKO , NISHIMURA KUNIYASU , SAITO YUZURU 
Published: January 2011

AbstractAn outbreak of pertussis was recognized in a highly immunized sixth‐grade class of schoolchildren. Among 43 children aged 11–12 years in the class, 38 had been immunized with three doses or more of DTP containing whole‐cell pertussis vaccine, two with two doses of DTP and three children were unimmunized. The last DTP vaccines had been given 6–10 years before the outbreak. A total of eight children with pertussis suffering paroxysmal coughing attacks for 3 weeks or more were identified, seven being fully immunized and one unimmunized. Among the eight cases, two were confirmed by both culture and serology and one by serology alone. The attack rate in fully immunized children was 18.4% (7/38). Secondary spread of pertussis was identified in five of the households from which the eight patients originated. A total of six cases of pertussis from these five households were identified, and two of these were culture‐confirmed. These observations suggest that vaccine‐induced immunity weakens considerably 6–10 years after vaccination, and that booster immunization with DTP instead of DT is therefore recommended for the control of pertussis.
Bronchial hyper‐responsiveness to inhaled histamine in children with congenital heart disease
Authors: TSUBATA SHINICHI , ICHIDA FUKIKO , MIYAZAKI AYUMI , HASHIMOTO IKUO , HAMAMICHI YUJI , TAKAYANAGI MIKI , MURAKAMI GYOKEI , OKADA TOSHIO 
Published: January 2011

AbstractIn order to assess bronchial responsiveness in patients with congestive heart failure secondary to congenital heart disease, we performed a histamine inhalation test while monitoring transcutaneous oxygen tension and compared the respiratory threshold to histamine with that obtained in patients with bronchial asthma. The inhalation test was performed by doubling concentrations of histamine solution for 2 min at 1 min intervals. The respiratory threshold of histamine was defined as the minimal concentration causing a drop in transcutaneous oxygen tension greater than 10% from baseline. Six of 10 patients with congenital heart disease and all of 12 patients with bronchial asthma had bronchial hyper‐responsiveness to histamine. The mean of histamine concentration was 2750μg/mL and 937μg/mL, respectively. During the histamine inhalation test, respiratory resistance gradually increased in congenital heart disease patients. This was measured by the linear slope of transcutaneous oxygen pressure (‐1.08 ± 0.75 mmHg/min), whereas in the bronchial asthma patients it rapidly decreased at the inflection point (‐4.19 ± 1.86 mmHg/min). We conclude that children with congestive heart failure had bronchial hyper‐responsiveness. We suggest bronchial hyper‐responsiveness to inhaled histamine in congestive heart failure was caused by the gradual increased respiratory resistance, which was different from that of bronchial asthma.
Long‐term change of anti‐acetylcholine receptor antibody in patients with myasthenia gravis after thymectomy
Authors: HAYASHI MASATOSHI , MANABE KOHJI , TAKAOKA TOMOHIKO , YAMADA ITARU , KIDA KAICHI , MATSUDA HIROSHI , YOSHINAGA JUNJI 
Published: January 2011

AbstractAnti‐acetylcholine receptor antibody (AChR Ab) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of myasthenia gravis (MG). We investigated the change of anti‐AChR Ab titer after thymectomy of 10 MG patients including five patients whose age at onset was younger than 16 years. Anti‐AChR Ab titer was increased in four of six patients with remission and three of four patients without remission. Change of anti‐AChR Ab titer in individual patients showed an increase occurred 1–4 years after thymectomy. It is likely that thymectomy influences immune response and induces autoreactive lymphocytes and autoantibodies.
Measles encephalomyelitis in a patient with a history of vaccination
Authors: MATSUZONO YOSHIHIRO , NARITA MITSUO , SATAKE AKIRA , TOGASHI TAKEHIRO , ITAKURA OSAMU , OZUTSUMI KUNIO , IGUCHI MASAHIRO 
Published: January 2011

AbstractSecondary vaccine failure (SVF) of measles is generally believed to run a milder course of illness than an ordinary course of infection. Severe complications such as central nervous system involvement have rarely been reported. A 12 year old girl, who had received a live attenuated measles vaccine 10 years earlier, developed an encephalomyelitis in the absence of symptoms indicative of ordinary measles such as Koplik spots. Anti‐measles hemagglutination inhibition (HI) titer and measles IgM and IgG anitbody titers were measured in a commercial laboratory. Measles virus genomic sequence was detected by polymerase chain reaction. Both serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples obtained at acute phase already showed extremely high titers of HI (x 8192 in serum and x 1024 in CSF, respectively) and IgG antibody along with the presence of IgM antibody. Polymerase chain reaction detected the measles virus genomic sequence in the acute phase CSF. The patient's definite history of measles vaccination, high titers of HI and IgG antibodies observed at the very early stage of illness and the clinical course indicated that this patient had an encephalomyelitis due to SVF of measles. It is suggested that measles virus can be a pathogen of encephalitis without symptoms indicative of ordinary measles in individuals who received live attenuated measles vaccines.
A boy with atrophic thyroiditis of prepubertal onset, who was positive for TSH‐binding inhibitor immunoglobulins
Authors: NAKAGAWA YUICHI , TOYA KAZUHIKO , NASUDA KAORU , IIJIMA SHIGEO , KUBOTA AKIRA , NATSUME HIROMUNE , TAKEUCHI RIKA , IGARASHI YOSHIO 
Published: January 2011

AbstractA 12 year old boy was admitted to our hospital because of short stature. From the age of 7, his growth velocity decreased and he manifested intolerance to low temperatures, hoarseness, dry skin, and slowness of thought and physical movement. On admission, his height was 129.8 cm (‐3 s.d.) and his body weight was 43.2kg (‐0.5 s.d.). His clinical features also included relaxation phase of tendon reflexes, periorbital puffiness and cold skin but no struma. His bone age was 9 years. His serum thyroxine (T4), tri‐iodothyronine (T3), free T4 and free T3 were low, while his thyrotropin was high. He was positive for antithyroglobulin antibodies, antimicrosomal antibodies, and TSH‐binding inhibitor immunoglobulins. He was diagnosed as having atrophic thyroiditis. We also determined the HLA haplotypes of his family members. His father's HLA haplotypes were A2, BW61(a) and A24, BW52(b), while his mother's haplotypes were A24, BW52(c) and A30, BW61(d). The HLA haplotypes of both the patient and his younger brother showed a and d, while the patient's elder brother's HLA haplotypes showed b and c. His family members all had normal thyroid function, but his father was positive for antimicrosomal antibodies. In summary, we describe a rare case where the onset of hypothyroidism was prepubertal, where the pathogenesis may have involved TSH‐receptor blocking antibodies, and where the inheritance of the disease may have been from the paternal side of the family.
Acquired cytomegalovirus infection and blood transfusion in preterm infants
Authors: XU DAKANG , YONETANI MASAHIKO , UETANI YOSHIYUKI , NAKAMURA HAJIME 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe urinary excretion of cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA, amplified by polymerase chain reaction using two pairs of primers for late antigen (LA) and major immediate‐early antigen (MIE), and serum CMV IgM were examined in 85 pre‐term infants (birth‐weight less than 2000 g) on admission and monthly until 6 months after birth. Of these 85 infants, 27 had blood exchange transfusions (BET) and 28 had bolus blood transfusions two to nine times. Fifteen of 27 infants underwent BET with blood that had been filtered through Pall RC100 leukocyte removal filter; the other 12 with unfiltered blood. Neither urinary CMV DNA nor serum CMV‐specific IgM was detected at birth in any of the 85 pre‐term infants; during the first 6 months after birth urinary CMV DNA, for both MIE and LA, appeared in 22 of the 85 infants (25.9%) and CMV IgM was positive in 14 of the 85 (16.5%). Nine of the 12 (75%) infants who received BET of unfiltered blood showed a significantly higher prevalence of urinary CMV DNA compared to the infants in the other three groups (i.e., those who received no blood transfusion, those who had bolus blood transfusions, or those who received BET of filtered blood; P < 0.01 in each instance). In a logistic regression model, CMV, DNA urinary excretion was significantly associated with the mode of blood transfusion (unfiltered BET), and the Odds ratio was 38.9 (95% confidence interval, 9.4–160). There was no significant association with other independent variables such as gender, mother's seropositivity, gestational age, birth‐weight or delivery mode. In addition breast milk feeding was not likely to have influence on the high incidence of CMV infection among the infants who received the BET with unfiltered blood. In regions where the incidence of CMV seropositivity is high, as it is in the Japanese population, reduction of white blood cell and cellular blood components, such as platelets, through filtration is a convenient and effective way to successfully reduce the occurrence of acquired CMV infection in high‐risk neonates.
Different kinetics of antibody responses between IgA and IgG classes in nasopharyngeal secretion in infants and children during primary respiratory syncytial virus infection
Authors: TSUTSUMI HIROYUKI , MATSUDA KAZUKO , YAMAZAKI HIROFUMI , OGRA PEARY L , CHIBA SHUNZO 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe secretory antibody responses in 34 infants and children (20 days‐17 months old) with lower respiratory tract disease following primary respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection were determined using a sensitive tissue culture enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. None of the patients in the acute phase showed IgA antibody responses. In contrast significant IgG antibody responses which were thought to be maternally derived were observed in infants younger than 2 months of age. In the convalescent phase sample, significantly high IgA antibody responses were observed in all patients except one, and there was no significant difference in magnitude of antibody activity between patients younger than 8 months and patients older than 8 months. However, IgG antibody responses in infants younger than 8 months were significantly lower than in subjects 8 to 17 months old. Notably, infants younger than 2 months developed no significant IgG antibody activity in the convalescent phase. These observations suggest that the antibody activity which contributes to recovery from primary infection by RSV in younger infants may be IgA rather than IgG class antibodies. These observations also suggest that the presumptive immunosuppression mediated by maternally derived antibodies may predominantly influence the IgG antibody response rather than the development of local IgA antibody activity.
Interleukin‐2 receptor positive T and B cells in children with acute severe asthmatic attack
Authors: NABETANI MAKOTO , YAMASAKI TAKEMI , KAMEDA AIJU , OKAMOTO OSAMU , KISHIMOTO TAKUMI 
Published: January 2011

AbstractSubpopulations of interleukin‐2 receptor (IL‐2R)‐positive CD4 and CD8 T cells and IL‐2R+ CD20 B cells in the peripheral blood lymphocytes as well as serum concentrations of soluble IL‐2R (sIL2R) were measured in children aged 1–7 years who suffered acute severe asthmatic attack. Subpopulations of CD4+ IL‐2R+ cells, CD8+ IL‐2R+ cells and CD20+ IL‐2R+ cells in the peripheral blood lymphocytes at acute severe asthmatic attack phase were significantly higher than those at non‐asthmatic attack phase (P < 0.02, P < 0.03 and P < 0.02, respectively).Subpopulations of CD20+ IL‐2R+ cells in the peripheral blood lymphocytes significantly decreased 5–10 days after acute severe asthmatic attack (at recovery phase, P < 0.02) and were significantly correlated with clinical severity of asthmatic attack (P < 0.05).These results indicated that activation of both T cells and B cells was important in the pathogenesis of acute asthmatic attack in young children.
Relation between serum hepatitis C virus‐RNA levels and efficacy of interferon‐β therapy
Authors: MINOHARA YUTAKA , KATO TATSUO , KANKI KOUZOU , GOSHIMA TOSHIRO , NAKAJIMA NATSUKI , KAKU HILOHUMI , ARIMOTO YUTAKA , GOSHIMA FUMIE , ISHIKO HIROAKI 
Published: January 2011

AbstractWe performed two courses of interferon‐β (IFN‐β) to a child with chronic hepatitis C. A complete response was not obtained by the first interferon treatment, however, the results of the second treatment differed from those of the first. Hepatitis C virus (HCV)‐RNA remained negative and both aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels remained normal after completion of the second course. From these results we estimated that HCV‐RNA levels before IFN therapy could be significantly associated with the efficacy of this treatment. The serum level of HCV‐RNA was 106 copies/50 μL before the first treatment, but was 103 copies/50 μL before the second course.We conclude that IFN therapy to children with hepatitis C should always be directed at providing a cure. Even if the clinical effects of the first course are minimal decreasing quantities of HCV‐RNA still offer hope for cure by subsequent readministration.
Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of the component acellular pertussis vaccine produced by a combination of column purified pertussis toxin and filamentous haemagglutinin
Authors: KIMURA MIKIO , KUNO‐SAKAI HARUMI , KAMIYA HITOSHI , UEDA KOHJI , ISOMURA SHIN , KOIKE MICHIO , KATO TATSUO , OZAKI TAKAO , HIROSE MIZUO , EGAMI TSUNEYOSHI 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThis is the report on a prospective, single blind, comparative study of a component acellular pertussis vaccine produced by a combination of detoxified, column purified pertussis toxin (PT) and filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) combined with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids (DTcaP) and the traditional acellular pertussis vaccine produced with essentially the same method as described by Sato with DT (DTaP) of the same manufacturer. A total of 616 infants and children received DTcaP and a total of 289 received DTaP. In all age groups for both vaccines values of serum antibodies to PT and FHA after two doses of the vaccines were comparable to those of convalescent sera. Incidences of systemic and local reactions were, in general, not greatly different between DTcaP and DTaP recipients.In Japan the use of traditional acellular vaccines replaced whole cell vaccines in 1981. Protective antigens of Bordetella pertussis have now been specified and thus component vaccines have become theoretically possible. This is the first component vaccine which has been developed in Japan. Several other component vaccines are now under investigation in the world.