bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P02-128 - The Physical Co-morbidity of People with a Mental Disorder: Variation, Causes, Risk Factors and Prevention strategies across 14 European Countries
Authors: Weiser P. , Lucas R. , Becker T. , Kilian R. ,   for the HELPS Network
Published: June 2010

ObjectiveLittle is known about the physical co-morbidity in mentally ill living in psychiatric and social health care facilities with regard to variation, causes, risk factors and prevention strategies. Aim of this study was to determine patients’ and professionals’ perceptions, attitudes and thoughts of (i) co-morbid physical health problems and illness, (ii) risk factors and causes of somatic problems and (iii) prevention measures across Europe.MethodsA total of 52 focus groups in 14 European countries were conducted. Participants were recruited from psychiatric and social health care facilities. Data were content analyzed deductively and inductively.ResultsThe physical health problems that were often mentioned were weight problems, diabetes, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal problems, problems of the circulatory system, and general aches and pains. Regarding the causes of somatic problems and illnesses, focus groups repeatedly emphasized side-effects from medications. Besides treatment-related factors, country-specific aspects also were mentioned, mainly in the field of the living environment. Findings concerning “prevention” demonstrated the greatest distinctions between the participant groups, particularly with regard to the implementation and realization of health promotion interventions. Discussions revealed that patients preferred active learning (hands-on experiences) coupled with group classes for education and social support.ConclusionsFocus groups identified behavioural, environmental and iatrogenic health risks. Efforts need to be directed toward interventions for physical illness prevention and health promotion on the background of the heterogeneity of mental disorders and the multitude of physical problems, and need to be based on an understanding of residents’ cultural beliefs and life situations.
P02-88 - Hearing Impairment: Successful Communication is a Main Source for Positive Experiences
Authors: Eisenwort B. , Schlanitz F.G. , Niederkrotenthaler T. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesIn recent years some studies could show that beside the negative effects of the stressful encounters resulting from disorders and handicaps also positive experiences can be made. The aim of our study is to determine which strategies help the hearing impaired to gain positive experiences.MethodsThe Trierer Persönlichkeitsfragebogen (Becker 1989) and a german translation of a questionnaire which was designed to measure the positive experiences in life with acquired hearing impairment (Stephens and Kerr 2003) were distributed to persons with aquired hearing impairment, which were recruted at acousticians and ENT-doctors.ResultsPositive experiences are gathered mainly by successful communication behaviour.(Eisenwort et al. in press)ConclusionsSuccessful communication helps the hearing impaired to gain positive experiences.
P02-89 - Investigation of Personality Traits and Mental Health: Comparison Between Athletes and Nonathletes University Students
Authors: Homayounnia Firouzjah M. , Tahmasbi F. 
Published: June 2010

IntroductionThe purpose of this research is to compare personality traits and mental health in athletes and nonathletes students.Method67 athletes and 64 nonathletes students were randomly selected and NEO-PIR inventory and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ)were administered on them. Data were analyzed with independent T formula.ResultsFindings showed significant differences between variables. Nonathletes have more neuroticism personality trait and were high in components of mental illness.DiscussionIt is concluded sport rehearsals and physical fitness have positive effects on temperament and mood and reduce mental illness symptoms and give sense of happiness and newness in life.
P02-91 - The Study of IV Drug Abusers’ of Mental Health in Kashan Prison in 2007
Authors: Ghoreishi F. , Ahmadvand A. , Sepehrmanesh Z. 
Published: June 2010

The main purpose of the current study is to evaluate of mental health among the IV drug abusers of Kashan prison.MethodsWithout any sampling, we included all IV drug abusers of Kashan prison in our study. They were assessed through GHQ-28 and demographic characteristic questionnaire. In addiction, they were interviewed via DSM-IV check list and evaluated by three psychiatrists.FindingsThrough psychiatric interviews, the most common disorders, in this study, include anti-social personality disorder in 28 persons (93/6%), mood disorder in 21 ones (47/7%), anxiety disorder in 8 ones (18/8%) and adjustment disorder in 3 ones (6/8%)19 ones (43/1%) multi disorder and 25 ones (56/8%) one disorder. In this study, no meaningful relationship between disorder and marital status, job and educational level could be found, but it should be emphasized that the emergence of mental disorder among the unemployed male IV drug abusers and those male IV drug abusers younger than 30 has been more than other IV drug abusers.ConclusionBased on the findings of this study, IV drug abusers are not in good mental health. This subject investigation needs more comprehensive and extensive study in this area.
P02-97 - Evaluation of Mental Health Status in Caregivers of Patients with Chronic Psychiatric disorders
Authors: Hosseini S.H. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectiveThe prevalence of psychotic disorders is %2-%2.5 in general population. This study has been performed to evaluate mental health status in caregivers of patients with chronic psychiatric disorders. Materials and methods: This research was a descriptive - Analytic study performed in Mazandaran province northern Iran. Two hundred caregivers of patients with sever psychiatric disorders completed (GHQ-28) and Demographic Questionnaire. The caregivers had to care at least one year continuously. Sever psychiatric disorders is referred to patients with schizoaffective or schizophrenia or bipolar mood disorder that at least 2 years was passed from onset of disease. Data were analyzed in descriptive statistical method with SPSS soft ware.ResultsOur study showed that %35 of caregivers had GHQ>23 and didn’t have mental health. We found significant association between patients age, Age of onset of disease with GHQ Score (p=0.0001). And there was an association between caregivers’ GHQ score with marital status in patients, although this was not significant (p=0.08). In addition, the X2 test didn’t show significant relationship between duration and type of disease and patient's sex and caregiver's sex with GHQ score.ConclusionsAccording to the results of pervious studies and ours, it seems that further investigations with more samples and other Questionnaire is needed to evaluate of caregivers needs and it is suggested that a logical planning be conducted by the authorities, to decrease caregivers’ burden.
P02-130 - Measuring Complexity in the Age of Information and Accountability: a New Approach to Monitoring Treatment Responses and Client Tracking (TRACT)
Authors: Cawthorpe D. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesMeasuring clinical and functional outcomes in mental health is becoming an increasingly complex and costly endeavour. It is with considerable regularity that tens and hundreds of millions of dollars are spent to develop electronic health records, yet today functional integrated products that can operate across domains of health have yet to be identified. The purpose of this paper is to describe ways and means of measuring functional and clinical outcomes across complicated case mixes and treatment domains in hospital and community treatment settings.MethodsData from several electronic records and data sources (n = 100,000) are used to illustrate the burden of measurement, data quality and related issues that practitioners face when collecting, analyzing and interpreting data in the age of information and accountability in health care. A practical, flexible, modular, and dynamic tool for measuring functional and clinical outcomes across treatment and education settings is described (TRACT: treatment response application for client tracking).ResultsRelatively simple, modular approaches to clinical and functional outcome measurement that are integrated into medical practice have the lowest burden and highest yield in terms of demonstrating evidence-based practice, treatment effectiveness, and system level accountability.ConclusionsSimple modular approaches to measuring complex phenomena, such as the effect of multiple treatment interventions in complex environments and against backgrounds of comorbid disorders, are likely to have high quality yields in terms of identifying promising and evidence-based practices through use of the highest standards available to an examination of practice in the field.
P02-133 - Turning Each Patient into a Clinical Study Through Daily Self-rating on 41 Parameters
Authors: Ishizuka Y. 
Published: June 2010

In Lifetrack therapy, each patient and his/her partner perform daily subjective self-rating on 41 parameters offering the means of accurate tracking of dynamic mental status and subtle changes in personality throughout the course of therapy.During each therapy session, progress (or lack thereof) of on-going therapy is graphically examined via Internet, making the patient, the therapist, and the therapy method fully accuntable turning each patient/therapist case into an on-going clinical study offering source of innvation and accountability. Analysis of therapeutic results of 1,200 cases will be presented.Daily self-rating by the patient overcomes some of the following limitations of ‘Control Group Comparison’ method of evaluating therapeutic efficacy of a given therapy and therapist on each case;1.Abstract comparison between ‘groups’ of idealized ‘average’ patients and therapists may not be relevant to each individual patient and therapist.2.Prevailing research design requirement tends to exclude severe and exceptional cases that often yields vital clues for innovations and breakthroughs.3.Majority of therapists may not strictly adhere to protocols of treatment methods in actual practice (75% of CBT therapists do not, according to some experts), making relevance of efficacy results limited if not questionable.4.Randomly Assigned ‘Control Group’ comparison is costly and time consuming to conduct, making it extremely difficult if not impossible for innovative approaches to challenge established and well funded therapy approaches.
P02-135 - A Pattern Recognition Matrix for Placebo-response in Schizophrenia
Authors: Opler M. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesThere is a need for real-time capability to detect inconsistencies in efficacy outcome measures and to predict individual-level or group-level placebo response. Training and calibration to improve reliability is one method; though this can be undermined by the enrollment of placebo responders.MethodsA pattern recognition matrix for placebo-response in schizophrenia was developed based on a Phase II study of schizophrenia conducted in the US. A data monitoring algorithm based on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was retrospectively applied to the unblinded data and score patterns for the placebo responders versus placebo non-responders were analyzed.ResultsA total of 35 placebo responders and 35 randomly selected placebo non-responders were compared. For specific patterns during the first 2 visits, patients were significantly likely to be placebo responders. Within this sample of patients who were randomized to placebo, those who demonstrated the pattern within the initial study visits were approximately three times more likely (OR=2.9, p=0.027) to demonstrate a placebo response.ConclusionThis initial finding suggests that this method could aid in the detection of placebo response early in a trial. In concert with a data-monitoring process we would expect more robust signal detection. The use of the same system, coupled with ongoing training has demonstrated significant improvements in reliability, increasing the ICC by 19% in a 3-month period. If deployed at startup, this method provides a cost-effective way of managing the data quality in RCTs.
P02-136 - Questionnaire on Sexual Attitude and Function 2009: a Novel Clinical and Epidemiological Computer Based Tool
Authors: Pirkalani K. , Talaei Rad Z. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectiveTo study sexual problems of our patients and standardizing it for patients with or without religious and cultural restrains we developed a questionnaire with 240 phrases that were extracted from a pool of 1400 sentences addressing sexual problems. Sixty four scales under four headings (sexual general characteristics, deviations, dysfunctions and psychodynamic syndromes) (16 items each) were evaluated based on criteria of DSM-IV and ICD 10. Five validity scales (honesty, desirability, debasement, guilt feeling and overall validity) were also used for better assessment.MethodsA total of 1300 patients in the four variants of the test were evaluated during a time span of 7 years. The questions were presented to examinees at 8th. Grade and higher in a calm environment and the results were evaluated by a computer software specifically developed for this purpose.ResultsThe last version of the test was completed by 734 patients with excellent compliance. It was of nice politeness and comprehensiveness. For almost all scales the sensitivity and specificity were around 85 and 92% respectively.ConclusionWe conclude that QSAF 2009 is an excellent tool both in clinics (diagnosis and follow up) and epidemiology with high sensitivity and specificity. It has also application in cross cultural studies, medico - legal issues and medical documentation. It prevents face to face interviews, breaks patients’ resistance and is less time consuming than scheduled interviews.
P02-145 - The Neural Correlates of Visuo-spatial Working Memory in Patients with Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Alichniewicz K.K. , Nebl H. , Klünemann H.H. , Greenlee M.W. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesThe extent of working memory (WM) impairment has rarely been studied in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the cortical activation in these patients compared to healthy controls while performing a visuo-spatial WM task.MethodsFunctional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with a 3-Tesla head scanner (Allegra, Siemens) was used to investigate the neural correlates of WM in 25 aMCI subjects and 12 matched controls while performing a visual-spatial n-back task (2-back). Both groups were pretested to ensure that all participants were able to understand and perform the task.ResultsIn comparison to the healthy subjects, a random-effects analysis revealed that patients with aMCI showed less cortical activation especially in the left superior parietal cortex and left inferior frontal cortex. These areas are known to be involved in the control of attention and visuo-spatial WM.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that attenuated cortical activation during working memory tasks may provide an early marker for aMCI.
P02-146 - Neurobiological Aspects of the Psychotherapy of Obsessive-compulsive Disorders
Authors: Dold M. , Aigner M. 
Published: June 2010

IntroductionFollowing consensus on a fronto-striato-thalamo-frontal dysfunction as the neuronal basis of the pathogenesis of obsessive-compulsive disorder, neurobiological psychotherapy research is concentrating increasingly on recording the neuronal modification mechanisms induced by psychotherapeutic intervention.MethodA systematic literature search was used to identify original papers that studied the effects of psychotherapy on the neuronal activation patterns correlating with obsessive-compulsive disorder.ResultsAs a consistent result in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder, a reduction in activity in the caudate nucleus was measured after a successful response to behavioural therapy in those studies that did not use any psychological simulation test. Moreover there is evidence of an altered correlation between the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), the caudate nucleus and the thalamus after a symptom improvement induced by psychotherapy, and also an improved recruitment capability by those cortex areas that play an important role in cognitive processes, such as the cerebellum and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC).DiscussionIt can be shown that neuronal activation patterns in the brain are modifiable by psychotherapeutic interventions. It is unclear why these changes in the case of obsessive-compulsive disorder are similar to those produced by pharmacological treatment whereas in the case of depression, for example, heterogeneous results are observed in this respect. Furthermore, the methodological background of the neuro-imaging methods is critically analysed and future research strategies for neuroscientifically oriented psychotherapy research are indicated.
P02-161 - Alzheimer's Madonna
Authors: Bulow P. 
Published: June 2010

Alzheimer's disease is hard to talk and think about and even harder toaccept. It pitilessly cuts the afflicted off from the self and points out to all of us how fragile the mind is. There is perhaps no expression more fitting than the term “loss of soul”, used by some tribal societies, to express the universal fear brought on by this disease. Its landscape lies at the furthest limit along the continuum of mental decline that is in its milder form a normal part of aging. Like a mythical land, it lies beyond the sun, far from the hum of life. It calls to mind the river Lethe, the river of forgetfulness of Greek and Roman myth, from which mortals must drink before embarking on the journey to the underworld. I made a sculpture of the Alzheimer's Madonna because I felt a need to address the fear of Alzheimer's Disease. Both figures in the sculpture turn in a spiraling motion, as in a dance. As she stands at the beginning of adult life, he marks the end. Together, they form a kind of whole, as we each, in our own psyche, carry them inside of us- the image of hope, and youthful beauty, which denies any reality but eternal youth; the image of our decline, of the waning of our powers.
P02-169 - Sounding of the Social Phobia Among Students: Cross-study of 200 Cases
Authors: Feki A. , Masmoudi J. , Mnif L. , Haj Kacem H. , Halwani N. , Baati I. , Ayadi N. , Jaoua A. 
Published: June 2010

IntroductionSocial phobia is the most prevalent anxiety disorder. It is accompanied by a deterioration of the quality of life and social adaptation. This has further impact that this disorder begins at a young age at the time where the topic has not yet acquired a stable socio-professional status.The aim of our study was to assess the sounding of the social phobia among a population of 200 students.MethodsIt was a cross-sectional study, focusing on a group of 200 students from 5 universities in Sfax city, Tunisia.We used:-The Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale for screening the social phobia,-The Sheehan scale for the evaluation of the sounding on the social, professional and family life.ResultsThirty three per cent of this population presented a social phobia.According to Sheehan scale, the disturbance in school, social and family life was mild to moderate (schooling: 3. 29; social: 2.95; family: 2.62).Discussion and conclusion: Our study showed that the impact of the social phobia is lightweight at the family and social level but more important in the area of schooling. This suggests the necessity for screening and treatment of social phobia among students for a better socio-family insertion and especially for better academic achievement.
P02-175 - Voluntary Interruption of Pregnancy in Unmarried Girls
Authors: Haj Kacem H. , Ayadi N. , Masmoudi J. , Mnif L. , Marwan R. , Feki A. , Jaoua A. 
Published: June 2010

IntroductionThe voluntary interruption of pregnancy (or voluntary abortion), authorized in Tunisia since 1973, has always been a public health problem, given the number of women affected each year.The objective of this work was to develop, through a descriptive study, the profile of girls who aborted in the regional center of family planning (FP)of Sfax.Material and methodsThis is a descriptive study, conducted in the regional center of FP of Sfax, with 130 unmarried girls, who asked for abortion during the period from October 2008 to June 2009.ResultsIn our series, the girls had an average age of 25.4 years and the majority was between 20 and 29 years.Most of them were from urban origin (63.1% versus 36.9% rural origin).63.9% had a primary or a secondary education and 70.9% had low socioeconomic status.More than half of the studied girls (55.4%) lived with their families. The rest lived independently or in dormitories.The majority of surveyed girls’ parents (76.9%) lived together.The existence of major family problems was reported at 65.3% cases, essentially family violence (49.3%) and financial problems (45.6%).ConclusionIt appears from this work that the risk factors involved in most of the unwanted pregnancies with abortion are:.The young adulthood with a longer period of celibacy..The urban origin..The low education level..The low socioeconomics status..The lacks of family communication..The existence of major family problems, mostly violence and financial problems.
P02-183 - Impact of a New Approach “Acute Care Model” on Detained Patients in Adult Psychiatry Wards in England
Authors: Jaganathan G. , Alam F. , Krishna S. , Walton C. 
Published: June 2010

IntroductionAcute Care Model introduced in 2006 in UK has revolutionised the way Adult inpatient services are provided. Here, we look at the impact of this model on detained patients, which might serve as a service evaluation tool.ObjectivesOur objective is to study the effect of the acute care model on the application of the 1983 Mental Health Act (MHA) in Adult Psychiatry Wards at Clatterbridge Hospital, England.AimsOur aim is to measure any difference in the number and duration of detentions, use of tribunal hearings after the inception of this new model.MethodData on Section 2 (for assessment) and Section 3 (for treatment) were collected retrospectively from the Register at the hospital MHA Office. As the Acute Care Model was implemented on 6th June 2007, the data were collected from 6th March 2006 to 5th Oct 2008. From these data, the number and duration of stay of detained patients were calculated.ResultsThe number of people who were detained in hospital before and after the introduction of acute care did not change (n=122). However, the average duration of detention under Section 3 reduced significantly from 81.44 days to 46.25 days (43.21% reduction). There had also been a 55% decrease in the utilisation of tribunal hearings after the new model (45 tribunals before vs 18 tribunals after).ConclusionThe Acute Care Model in Adult Psychiatry seems to have had a significant positive impact on detained patients in reducing their in-patient stay and the need for tribunal hearings.