bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Antidiarrheal Effect of Oleuropein Through µ‐Oopioid Receptor Interaction Pathway: In Vivo and in Silico Studies
Authors: Jahan Nishat , Mandal Manoj , Rakib Imam Hossen , Al Hasan Md. Sakib , Mia Emon , Hossain Md. Arif , Yana Noshin Tasnim , Ansari Siddique Akber , Bappi Mehedi Hasan , Wasaf Hasan Ali Mohamod , Sayeed Md Abu , Islam Muhammad Torequl 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTOleuropein (OLP), a compound predominantly found in olive leaves, has been known for its numerous biological activities, including antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. Despite its established therapeutic potential, its role in treating diarrhea has not been extensively explored. This study aimed to evaluate the antidiarrheal effects of OLP in an in vivo model and to investigate its molecular interactions using in silico docking studies, pharmacokinetic predictions, and toxicity analysis. In the in vivo study, castor oil was used to induce diarrhea in 3‐day‐old chicks, and the antidiarrheal effect of OLP was tested at doses of 10 and 20 mg/kg. The standard drug, loperamide (LOP) at 3 mg/kg, was used for comparison. The results showed that OLP at both doses significantly (p < 0.05) reduced diarrheal secretions and increased latency, with the 20 mg/kg dose demonstrating the most effective results. The combination of OLP (20 mg/kg) with LOP (3 mg/kg) further enhanced the antidiarrheal effect. In the in silico study, molecular docking revealed that both OLP and LOP exhibited strong binding affinities (BAs) to the key receptor, μ‐opioid receptor associated with diarrhea, while OLP showed higher BA (‒8.9 kcal/mol) compared to LOP (‒8.7 kcal/mol). Pharmacokinetic analysis of OLP revealed favorable properties and toxicity studies revealed no acute toxicity, with an LD50 of 2000 mg/kg. In conclusion, the findings suggest that OLP possesses significant antidiarrheal potential both in vivo and through receptor interaction, positioning it as a promising natural therapeutic agent for managing diarrhea. Further studies are warranted to fully elucidate its mechanisms of action and clinical applicability.
Liver metastatic recurrence after curative endoscopic submucosal dissection for slightly submucosal invasive gastric cancer: A case report and literature review
Authors: Niikawa Masahiro , Akimoto Teppei , Kirita Kumiko , Yoshida Yuji , Okubo Tomomi , Hayama Korenobu , Hatori Tsutomu , Goto Osamu , Fujimori Shunji , Iwakiri Katsuhiko 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn Japan, differentiated‐type early gastric cancer with submucosal invasion <500 µm, tumor diameter <3 cm, no lymphovascular invasion, and negative resection margin are included in pathological curative criteria after endoscopic resection (ER). However, there are a few reports presenting local or metastatic recurrence after ER for the lesions described above. A 72‐year‐old man was diagnosed with early gastric cancer and underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). Pathological diagnosis was well‐differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma, 8 × 6 mm, T1b1(SM1; 428 µm below the muscularis mucosae), negative lymphovascular invasion, and negative resection margin, which was included in curative criteria. Eighteen months after ESD, the laboratory studies indicated an increase in carcinoembryonic antigen of 17.6 ng/mL (normal range <5 ng/mL). While endoscopy showed no local recurrence finding, contrast‐enhanced computed tomography (CT) showed a metastatic liver tumor in S4. Gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/CT revealed metastatic liver tumors in S4, S5, and S8. The liver biopsy specimen showed tubular adenocarcinoma and the findings of immunochemical staining were similar to that of the specimen of prior ESD. Thus, he was diagnosed with multiple liver metastatic recurrences after curative ER. Currently, it has been 3 years and 5 months since ESD and 1 year and 11 months since liver metastatic recurrence, and the patient has survived receiving 5th‐line systemic chemotherapy. Here, we report a rare case of liver metastatic recurrence 18 months after curative ESD for early gastric cancer.
Program‐Led and Focused Psychological Interventions
Authors: Wade Tracey D. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe use of program‐led and focused psychological interventions in eating disorders, along the spectrum of prevention through to treatment, is growing. Much, however, remains to be understood about how to optimize these interventions and in what contexts and with which populations they are best used. This editorial defines program‐led and focused psychological interventions, gives some examples of these interventions, examines the rationale for these interventions in eating disorders, and identifies fruitful areas of future research. To assist in facilitating further research, the International Journal of Eating Disorders will devote a special issue on this topic.
Using Artificial Intelligence to Advance Eating Disorder Research, Treatment and Practice
Authors: Linardon Jake , Fuller‐Tyszkiewicz Matthew 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTArtificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to revolutionize eating disorder research, treatment, and practice by assisting with complex problems such as predicting illness prognosis, supporting diagnostic decisions, tailoring treatment plans, and even data analysis and study design choices. Yet, research on the applications of AI in eating disorders remains limited. This editorial discusses the importance of AI, explores practical applications, and outlines key directions for future research. To accelerate progress, the International Journal of Eating Disorders will publish a special issue on AI in this context, anticipated in December 2025.
Evidence for the Vacated Niche Hypothesis in Parasites of Invasive Mammals
Authors: Schatz Annakate M. , Park Andrew W. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTSpecies redistribution and invasion are becoming increasingly common due to climate change and anthropogenic impacts. Understanding the resultant shifts in host–parasite associations is important for anticipating disruptions to host communities, disease cycles, and conservation efforts. In this paper, we bring together the enemy release and vacated niche hypotheses to relate parasite acquisition and retention, two distinct yet intertwined processes that play out during host invasion. Using the Global Mammal Parasite Database, we test for net enemy release based on differences in parasite species richness, and we develop a novel taxonomic null modeling approach to demonstrate that parasites fill vacated niches. We find evidence of net enemy release, and our taxonomic null models indicate replacement of lost parasites by taxonomically similar acquired ones, over and above what might be expected by chance. Our work suggests that both enemy release and vacated niche hypotheses provide valuable frameworks through which to understand and predict changing host–parasite associations, which may include insights on how climate change and anthropogenic influences perturb and reorganize communities and ecosystems.
Integrating Functional and Phylogenetic Diversity to Assess Bird Community Assembly Along the Major Rivers of Hainan Island, South China
Authors: Lin Sidan , Liang Wei 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTUnderstanding the mechanisms associated with community assembly can contribute to explaining the formation and maintenance of biodiversity patterns. In this study, we used the line transect method to survey breeding birds along the three major rivers of the Nandu River, Changhua River and Wanquan River on Hainan Island, south China. The patterns of community assembly were subsequently assessed by integrating functional and phylogenetic diversity, whereas environmental factors and interspecific competition intensity were incorporated to determine whether community assembly in these rivers is driven by environmental filtering or interspecific competition. Our findings revealed that bird communities within rivers were characterized by an overall slight clustering (i.e., more similar species), with the upper reaches of the Changhua River and the lower reaches of the Nandu River showing over‐dispersion, whereas the lower, middle, and upper reaches of the Wanquan River all showed clustering. Altitude and the human influence index were identified as the main factors driving bird community assembly within the three major rivers. Notably, for bird communities along different river reaches, the integration of functional and phylogenetic diversity prevented the mis‐classification of over‐dispersion or clustering in community structure caused by traits with weak phylogenetic signals, or the observation of traits unrelated to community assembly patterns. This empirical study demonstrates the importance of integrating functional and phylogenetic diversity, which not only contributes to gaining an understanding of the mechanisms underlying the development of community assemblies but also facilitates a determination of the extents to which function and phylogeny contribute to shaping the patterns of communities.
Predictors of sustained reverse remodelling in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Furquim Silas Ramos , Bocchi Edimar Alcides , Lira Maria Tereza Sampaio de Sousa , Wanderley Mauro Rogerio de Barros , de Marchi Daniel Catto , Maciel Pamela Camara , Zimerman Andre , Ramires Felix Jose Alvarez , Nastari Luciano , Biselli Bruno , Chizzola Paulo Roberto , Munhoz Robinson Tadeu , Fernandes Fábio , Ayub‐Ferreira Silvia Moreira 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundPatients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) who achieve reverse remodelling (RR) can experience a new decrease in ejection fraction (EF), and the predictors of sustained RR (SRR) are not completely understood.ObjectivesThe study aims to identify predictors of SRR in patients with HFrEF after an increase in EF and evaluate SRR prognosis.MethodsIn this retrospective, observational study, we evaluated a real‐life cohort of patients with HFrEF and ≥2 consecutive echocardiograms, divided according to left ventricular EF (LVEF) trajectory: no RR (NRR: 3/3 LVEF measurements < 40%), non‐SRR (NSRR: second LVEF ≥ 40%, third LVEF < 40%), and SRR (SRR: second and third LVEF ≥ 40%).ResultsWe included 3628 of 8072 assessed HF patients in the analysis, with mean age 56.2 (±13.4) years, 64.4% male and 77.7% New York Heart Association (NYHA) I–II. Improved EF was observed for 1342 (37%) patients. Among those who achieved RR, 310 (23%) were NSRR, and 1032 (77%) were SRR. The mean (±SE) survival after the second echocardiogram was 10.6 (±0.2) years. The SRR group had the longest survival (12.2 ± 0.3 years), followed by the NSRR (10.6 ± 0.5) and NRR (9.8 ± 0.2 years) groups (P < 0.001). According to logistic multivariable regression, second LVEF [odds ratio (OR) = 1.06, confidence interval (CI) = 1.03–1.90, P < 0.001], second left ventricular end‐systolic diameter (LVESD) (OR = 0.93, CI = 0.90–0.96, P < 0.001), second IV septum thickness (OR = 1.12, CI = 1.03–1.23, P = 0.012), systolic blood pressure (OR = 1.01, CI = 1.00–1.02, P = 0.014), NYHA I–II (OR = 1.86, CI = 1.27–2.74, P = 0.001) and furosemide non‐use (OR = 1.87, CI = 1.27–2.74, P < 0.001) independently predicted SRR.ConclusionsPatients with greater EF increases and LVESD reductions at EF recovery, greater septum thickness, higher blood pressure, no need for diuretics and NYHA I/II maintenance had the best chance of maintaining recovered ventricular function.
Rheumatoid Arthritis Related B‐Cell Changes Are Found Already in the Risk‐RA Phase
Authors: de Vries Charlotte , Huang Wenqi , Sharma Ravi Kumar , Wangriatisak Kittikorn , Turcinov Sara , Cîrciumaru Alexandra , Rönnblom Lars , Grönwall Caroline , Hensvold Aase , Lundberg Karin , Malmström Vivianne 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAnti‐cyclic citrullinated peptide2 (CCP2) antibody positivity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and in the predisease phase, together with the success of B‐cell depletion, support a crucial role for B cells in RA pathogenesis. Yet, knowledge of B cells in the transition from autoimmunity to RA is limited, and therefore we here investigated B‐cell changes during the risk‐RA phase. B‐cell phenotypes in 18 CCP2‐positive risk‐RA individuals with musculoskeletal complaints were studied, parallel with ten CCP2‐positive RA patients and nine healthy controls. Nine of the risk‐RA individuals progressed to RA. B‐cell phenotypes were investigated using spectral flow cytometry. The results demonstrate that unswitched and switched memory B‐cell frequencies in the risk‐RA cohort were more similar to controls than RA patients. Yet, risk‐RA progressors displayed an early activation profile amongst naïve B cells. Deeper characterization of the memory compartment revealed expansion of CD27‐negative IgG+ B cells both in RA compared with controls (p = 0.0172) and in risk‐RA progressors versus non‐progressors (p = 0.0295). Overall, we demonstrate that the phenotypic distribution of B cells is altered in the risk‐RA phase. This includes changes in CD27‐negative class‐switched B cells, which have been attributed to autoreactive and anergic features implicating a possible contribution to RA development.
Acceptor‐Donor‐Acceptor Systems Based on Indacenodithiophene‐Extended Tetrathiafulvalene
Authors: Schøttler Christina , Noël Célia , Le Bras Laura , Melville Hayley , Alévêque Olivier , David Arthur H. G. , Segut Olivier , Rémond Maxime , Levillain Eric , Blanchard Philippe , Brøndsted Nielsen Mogens 
Published: February 2025

AbstractHere, we present a series of acceptor‐donor‐acceptor (A−D‐A) conjugated molecules incorporating an indacenodithiophene‐extended tetrathiafulvalene (IDT‐TTF) as the central electron‐donating moiety, functionalized with various lateral electron acceptors. A key synthetic step was the Vilsmeier‐Haack formylation of the IDT‐TTF, providing the dialdehyde in quantitative yield. This compound was further used for the incorporation of dicyanovinyl and indanedione acceptors. UV‐vis absorption spectroscopy of the A−D‐A compounds in solution revealed a broad absorption in the visible spectrum which is further red‐shifted when proceeding from solutions to thin films. Their cyclic voltammograms in solution showed a multi‐redox behavior – undergoing both oxidation and reduction events. Notably, the oxidation of these compounds unveiled the formation of intermolecular mixed‐valence and π‐dimer species, especially strong in the case of the indanedione‐containing derivative. Computational calculations helped us to identify the electronic transitions involved in the main absorption bands of these A−D‐A compounds displaying different behaviors depending on the acceptor attached to the IDT‐TTF core. Finally, the potential of these compounds as donors in organic solar cells was investigated and the best performing solar cell exhibited a modest yet promising power conversion efficiency of 0.87 %.
Spatially Explicit Model to Disentangle Effects of Environment on Annual Fish Reproduction
Authors: Pia Ilaria , Numminen Elina , Veneranta Lari , Vanhatalo Jarno 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTPopulation growth models are essential tools for natural resources management and conservation since they provide understanding on factors affecting renewal of natural animal populations. However, we still do not properly understand how the processes underlying reproduction of natural animal populations are affected by the environment at the spatial scale at which reproduction actually happens. A particular challenge for analyzing these processes is that observations from different life cycle stages are often collected at different spatial scales, and there is a lack of statistical methods to link local and spatially aggregated information. We address this challenge by developing spatially explicit population growth models for annually reproducing fish. Our approach integrates mechanistic Ricker and Beverton–Holt population growth models with a zero‐inflated species distribution model and utilizes the hierarchical Bayesian approach to estimate the model parameters from data with varying spatial support: local scale count data on offspring and environment, and areal data from commercial fisheries informing about a spawning stock size. We show, both theoretically and empirically, that our models are identifiable and have good inferential performance. As a proof of concept application, we used the proposed models to analyze the drivers of whitefish Coregonus laveratus (L.) s.l.) reproduction along the Finnish coast of the Gulf of Bothnia in the Baltic Sea. The results show that the proposed model provides novel understanding beyond what would be attainable with earlier methods. The distributions of the reproduction areas, spawner density, and maximum proliferation rate were strongly dependent on local environmental conditions, but the effects and the relative importance of the covariates varied between these processes. The proposed models can be extended to other systems and organisms and enable ecologists to extract a better understanding of processes driving animal reproduction.
Experimental Study on Seismic Performance of Cast‐in‐Place Coupled Walls With Leveraged Friction Coupling Beams
Authors: Zhao Yong , Gao Jingwei , Zeng Bin , Wang Chun‐Lin 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTOne of the main ways to improve the seismic performance of coupled shear walls is to develop replaceable coupling beams with higher performance. In this paper, the comparative tests on the seismic performance of the cast‐in‐place coupled shear wall with leveraged friction coupling beams (CPCW‐LFCB) and the CPCW with reinforced concrete coupling beams (CPCW‐RCB) were conducted, and the influence of LFCB on the deformation characteristics and the seismic performance of CPCWs was analyzed. First, specimens CPCW‐RCB and CPCW‐LFCB were both in a bending deformation mode and their failure modes showed the characteristic of “strong wall piers and weak coupling beams.” At the same time, the two had close initial stiffness and stiffness degradation patterns. Second, compared with specimen CPCW‐RCB, the capacity stability coefficient of CPCW‐LFCB increased by 3.85% on average, which was beneficial for resisting repeated loads; the ductility increased by 58.2%, which effectively enhanced deformation capacity; the cumulative energy consumption (CEC) and equivalent viscous damping ratio (EVDR) increased by 83.5% and 79.6% on average, respectively, which significantly improved energy dissipation capacity. Third, by taking the shear force under designed earthquake action as the activated static friction force of the LFCBs, the calculation method for the axial force of the bolts in the LFCBs was given, which realized the control of friction activation for the LFCBs. The calculation methods for the ultimate load capacity and the displacement of key performance points of CPCW‐LFCB were given, and their calculation errors were all within 8%.
The Role and Impact of Al2O3 Additive on the Performance of the Diesel Engine Operated by JFO Along With Its Measures of Combustion and Emissions
Authors: Sabarish R. , Jenoris Muthiya S. , Anandan B. , Sathis Kumar D. , Manideep B. , Sekar Prabhakar , Elumalai P. V. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe world's biggest problems are global warming and fossil fuel depletion. Most fast‐developing countries are facing problems. Most engines that burn crude oil–based products discharge smoke, carbon monoxide, nitric oxide, unburnt hydrocarbon, and lower‐concentration particulate matter into the environment. In this study, good planning and emissions rules are reducing crude oil use. Juliflora oil biodiesel is derived from Juliflora seeds and tested in a single‐cylinder direct injection diesel engine. If you use biodiesel in your engine without changes, you may encounter gum formation in the cylinder, knocking, and carbon deposits. The blends approach is one of many techniques to change biodiesel's attributes, but our present intention is to employ it. B20 blend outperforms the other sample fuels and is closest to diesel. The produced aluminum oxide was tested for parameters using X‐ray diffractometer and scanning electron microscope. Aluminum oxide was blended with biodiesel using an ultrasonicated to mix 25, 50, and 75 parts per million (PPM) aluminum oxides, designated B20AO25 PPM, B20AO50 PPM, and B20AO75 PPM. For typical engine running and optimal engine operating parameters, biodiesel with aluminum oxide nanoadditives was investigated. Optimized characteristics are 80% diesel and 20% Juliflora seed oil with 75 PPM aluminum oxide nanoadditives (B20AO75 PPM) at 200 bar injection pressure and 21° before top dead center injection time.
Virtual Cluster Partitioning Method of Active Distribution Networks Using Quantum Particle Swarm Optimization and Sector Search
Authors: Liu Wei , Tong Yifan , Xing Xinran , Chen Xi , Hu Bo , Sun Qian , Wang Yufei , Li Huaxin , Guo Huidong 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe presence of numerous distributed power sources in distribution grids leads to a diverse array of controlled object points and significant uncertainties, thereby posing a series of challenges to the control and operation of distribution grids. Hence, this study proposes a virtual cluster partitioning model for active distribution networks using a quantum particle swarm optimization (QPSO) algorithm and sector search, aiming to achieve autonomy within clusters and coordination between clusters. First, the article proposes a sector search model that transforms the topological connections of the distribution network into mathematical expressions. This model simplifies the search for node locations and improves the algorithm's convergence speed. Building upon the traditional particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, this study introduces the wave function and Schrödinger equation to enhance algorithm performance. By treating the vectors obtained from sector searches as particles, the proposed QPSO algorithm significantly improves both the search efficiency and global convergence in solving the virtual cluster partitioning model. Finally, case studies conducted on the modified PG&E 69‐node system demonstrated the proposed method's significant advantages. The method improved computational efficiency, with a cluster power supply rate over 0.6 and modularity above 0.7, ensuring balanced partitioning. The scalability and effectiveness of the proposed method were validated on an 85‐node system, achieving balanced cluster partitioning with high operational efficiency and adaptability.