bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IGUS – 50 Years of International Collaboration to the Benefit of Safety in the Field of Unstable Substances
Authors: de Jong E. , Lightfoot P. , Mak W. , Pfeil N. , Wehrstedt K.‐D. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractIGUS is the International Group of Experts on the Explosion Risks of Unstable Substances. Today, the aim of the group is to exchange information on the behavior of unstable substances and to improve safety in production, storage, transport, and use of these substances. Full members of IGUS work for governments and independent research organizations. Experts from industry can and do attend meetings by invitation. IGUS's 50th anniversary in 2012 gives reason to have a closer look at the questions of how IGUS came to be, what IGUS's aims and objectives were, and how it is organized and working today.
2D Porous Honeycomb Polymers versus Discrete Nanocubes from Trigonal Trinuclear Complexes and Ligands with Variable Topology
Authors: Dorofeeva Victoria N. , Kolotilov Sergey V. , Kiskin Mikhail A. , Polunin Ruslan A. , Dobrokhotova Zhanna V. , Cador Olivier , Golhen Stéphane , Ouahab Lahcène , Eremenko Igor L. , Novotortsev Vladimir M. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractTrinuclear building block {Fe2NiO(Piv)6} (Piv=pivalate), which possessed pseudo‐D3h symmetry, was linked by two ligands, pseudo‐D3h ligand tris‐(4‐pyridyl)pyridine (L1) and C2v ligand 4‐(N,N‐dimethylamino)phenyl‐2,6‐bis(4‐pyridyl)pyridine (L2) into two products with different topologies: 2D coordination polymer [Fe2NiO(Piv)6(L1)]n (1), and discrete molecule [{Fe2NiO(Piv)6}8{L2}12], which had a nanocube structure (2). In compound 1, trinuclear {Fe2NiO(Piv)6} blocks were linked through ligand L1 into layers with honeycomb topology. In compound 2, eight trinuclear blocks were located in the vertices of the nanocube, with each L2 ligand linked to two {Fe2NiO(Piv)6} units. In the crystal structure, these nanocubes formed infinite catenated chains. Analysis of possible structures that could be assembled from these building blocks showed that compounds 1 and 2 corresponded to their respective predicted topologies. Compound [1⋅solvent] possessed a porous structure, in which the voids were filled by solvent molecules (DMF or DMSO). This structure was retained following desolvation, and compound 1 absorbed significant quantities of N2 and H2 at 78 K (SBET=730 m2 g−1, H2 sorption capacity: 0.9 % by weight at 865 Torr). Desolvation of [2⋅solvent] led to disorder of its crystal structure, and compound 2 only adsorbed negligible quantities of N2 but adsorbed 0.27 % H2 (by weight) at 855 Torr and 78 K. The magnetic properties of these complexes (temperature dependence of molar magnetic susceptibility) were governed by the magnetic properties of the trinuclear “building block”.
Circumcision and the risk of prostate cancer
Authors: Wright Jonathan L. , Lin Daniel W. , Stanford Janet L. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND:Several lines of evidence support a role for infectious agents in the development of prostate cancer (PCa). In particular, sexually transmitted infections (STIs) have been implicated in PCa etiology, and studies have found that the risk of acquiring a STI can be reduced with circumcision. Therefore, circumcision may reduce PCa risk.METHODS:Participant data collected as part of 2 population‐based case‐control studies of PCa were analyzed. Self‐reported circumcision status, age at circumcision, and age at first sexual intercourse were recorded along with a history of STIs or prostatitis. Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate the relative risk of PCa by circumcision status.RESULTS:Data from 1754 cases and 1645 controls were available. Circumcision before first sexual intercourse was associated with a 15% reduction in risk of PCa compared to that of uncircumcised men (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.73‐0.99). This risk reduction was observed for cases with both less aggressive (odds ratio, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.74‐1.04) and more aggressive (odds ratio, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.66‐1.00) PCa features.CONCLUSIONS:Circumcision before first sexual intercourse is associated with a reduction in the relative risk of PCa in this study population. These findings are consistent with research supporting the infectious/inflammation pathway in prostate carcinogenesis. Cancer 2012. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
Property–Performance Control of Multidimensional, Hierarchical, Single‐Crystalline ZnO Nanoarchitectures
Authors: Cheng Qijin , Ostrikov Kostya (Ken) 
Published: March 2012

AbstractDiverse morphologies of multidimensional hierarchical single‐crystalline ZnO nanoarchitectures including nanoflowers, nanobelts, and nanowires are obtained by use of a simple thermal evaporation and vapour‐phase transport deposition technique by placing Au‐coated silicon substrates in different positions inside a furnace at process temperatures as low as 550 °C. The nucleation and growth of ZnO nanostructures are governed by the vapour–solid mechanism, as opposed to the commonly reported vapour–liquid–solid mechanism, when gold is used in the process. The morphological, structural, compositional and optical properties of the synthesized ZnO nanostructures can be effectively tailored by means of the experimental parameters, and these properties are closely related to the local growth temperature and gas‐phase supersaturation at the sample position. In particular, room‐temperature photoluminescence measurements reveal an intense near‐band‐edge ultraviolet emission at about 386 nm for nanobelts and nanoflowers, which suggests that these nanostructures are of sufficient quality for applications in, for example, optoelectronic devices.
B3N3 Borazine Substitution in Hexa‐peri‐Hexabenzocoronene: Computational Analysis and Scholl Reaction of Hexaphenylborazine
Authors: Tönshoff Christina , Müller Matthias , Kar Tapas , Latteyer Florian , Chassé Thomas , Eichele Klaus , Bettinger Holger F. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe doping of graphene molecules by borazine (B3N3) units may modify the electronic properties favorably. Therefore, the influence of the substitution of the central benzene ring of hexa‐peri‐hexabenzocoronene (HBC, C42H18) by an isoelectronic B3N3 ring resulting in C36B3N3H18 (B3N3HBC) is investigated by computational methods. For comparison, the isoelectronic and isosteric all‐B/N molecule B21N21H18 (termed BN) and its carbon derivative C6B18N18H18 (C6BN), obtained by substitution of a central B3N3 by a C6 ring, are also studied. The substitution of C6 in the HBC molecule by a B3N3 unit results in a significant change of the computed IR vibrational spectrum between 1400 and 1600 cm−1 due to the polarity of the borazine core. The properties of the BN molecule resemble those of hexagonal boron nitride, and substitution of the central B3N3 ring by C6 changes the computed IR vibrational spectrum only slightly. The allowed transitions to excited states associated with large oscillator strengths shift to higher energy upon going from HBC to B3N3HBC, but to lower energy upon going from BN to C6BN. The possibility of synthesis of B3N3HBC from hexaphenylborazine (HPB) using the Scholl reaction (CuCl2/AlCl3 in CS2) is investigated. Rather than the desired B3N3HBC an insoluble and X‐ray amorphous polymer P is obtained. Its analysis by IR and 11B magic angle spinning NMR spectroscopy reveals the presence of borazine units. The changes in the 11B quadrupolar coupling constant CQ, asymmetry parameter η, and isotropic chemical shift δiso(11B) with respect to HPB are in agreement with a structural model that includes B3N3HBC‐derived monomeric units in polymer P. This indicates that both intra‐ and intermolecular cyclodehydrogenation reactions take place during the Scholl reaction of HPB.
Synthesis of PbTe‐SnTe particles by thermal decomposition of salts to create nano‐structured thermoelectric materials
Authors: Leontyev V. G. , Ivanova L. D. , Bente K. , Gremenok V. F. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractMicro‐ and nanocrystalline particles of Pb‐Sn‐Te mixed crystals were synthesized using thermal decomposition and chemical interaction of lead acetate, tin oxalate and tellurium powder mixture in H2 atmosphere. For the process parameter optimization data of thermal gravimetry (TG), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), electronic microscopy (TEM, SEM) and measurements of the specific surface of particles were used. Additionally the influence of gas phases on the decomposition kinetics, crystal structure, size, specific surface of the particles, gains composition and the physical properties were analyzed. Seebeck coefficient values increased and conductivity decreased with decreasing tin concentration. The presented method for preparing PbTe‐SnTe polydisperse particles is developed to create nano‐structured thermoelectric materials with high figure of merit. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Crystal growth and luminescent properties of Eu activated strontium iodide crystals
Authors: Zhang Ye , Shi Hongsheng , Shu Kangying , Qin Laishun , Ren Guohao 
Published: March 2012

AbstractSrI2:Eu crystals with 1.5 inch diameter were grown by the vertical Bridgman method. The melting point of SrI2 doped with 5 at % Eu grown feedstock was determined to be 526 °C by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). XRD proved Pbca structure of SrI2 when the SrI2:Eu sample was packaged with polyethylene film in air. The luminescent properties of SrI2:Eu crystals are presented. Under the excitation of UV light or X‐ray, the crystals exhibit a single luminescent peak centered at 435 nm. The decay time of SrI2:5%Eu crystal excited by UV were fitted to be 1.9 μs. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Enabling user‐guided segmentation and tracking of surface‐labeled cells in time‐lapse image sets of living tissues
Authors: Mashburn David N. , Lynch Holley E. , Ma Xiaoyan , Hutson M. Shane 
Published: March 2012

AbstractTo study the process of morphogenesis, one often needs to collect and segment time‐lapse images of living tissues to accurately track changing cellular morphology. This task typically involves segmenting and tracking tens to hundreds of individual cells over hundreds of image frames, a scale that would certainly benefit from automated routines; however, any automated routine would need to reliably handle a large number of sporadic, and yet typical problems (e.g., illumination inconsistency, photobleaching, rapid cell motions, and drift of focus or of cells moving through the imaging plane). Here, we present a segmentation and cell tracking approach based on the premise that users know their data best–interpreting and using image features that are not accounted for in any a priori algorithm design. We have developed a program, SeedWater Segmenter, that combines a parameter‐less and fast automated watershed algorithm with a suite of manual intervention tools that enables users with little to no specialized knowledge of image processing to efficiently segment images with near‐perfect accuracy based on simple user interactions. © 2012 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Cell–cell adhesion defects in Mrj mutant trophoblast cells are associated with failure to pattern the chorion during early placental development
Authors: Watson Erica D. , Hughes Martha , Simmons David G. , Natale David R.C. , Sutherland Ann E. , Cross James C. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractImmunofluorescence staining of actin (red), keratin 18 (green) and DNA (blue) in Mrj‐/‐ trophoblast stem cells cultured in the absence of growth factors. From Watson et al., Developmental Dynamics 240:2505–2519, 2011.
Fibroblast growth factor and bone morphogenetic protein signaling are required for specifying prechondrogenic identity in neural crest‐derived mesenchyme and initiating the chondrogenic program
Authors: Kumar Megha , Ray Poulomi , Chapman Susan C. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe pharyngeal endoderm is hypothesized as the source of local signals that specify the identity of neural crest‐derived mesenchyme in the arches. Sox9 is induced and maintained in prechondrogenic cells during condensation formation and endochondral ossification. Using explant culture, we determined that pharyngeal endoderm was sufficient, but not necessary for specifying prechondrogenic identity, as surrounding tissues including the otic vesicle can compensate for signals from the pharyngeal endoderm. Multiple Fgf genes are expressed specifically in the pharyngeal endoderm subjacent to the neural crest‐derived mesenchyme. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling is both sufficient and required for specification of Sox9 expression and specification of prechondrogenic identity, as demonstrated by the addition of recombinant FGF protein or the FGF receptor inhibitor (SU5402) to explanted tissue, respectively. However, FGF signaling cannot maintain Sox9 expression or initiate the chondrogenic program as indicated by the absence of Col2a1 transcripts. Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 4 signaling can induce and maintain Sox9 expression in isolated mesenchyme, but only in combination with FGF signaling induce Col2a1 expression, and thus, chondrogenesis. Given the spatiotemporal expression patterns of FGFs and BMPs in the pharyngeal arches, we suggest that this may represent a general mechanism of local signals specifying prechondrogenic identity and initiation of the chondrogenic program. Developmental Dynamics 241:1091–1103, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Peri‐implantation lethality in mice lacking the PGC‐1‐related coactivator protein
Authors: He Xin , Sun Chen , Wang Feng , Shan Aijing , Guo Ting , Gu Weiqiong , Cui Bin , Ning Guang 
Published: March 2012

AbstractBackground: Members of the PPARγ coactivator‐1 (PGC‐1) family are central transcriptional coactivators that regulate cell metabolic processes ranging from mitochondrial biogenesis to oxidative respiration. PGC‐1‐related coactivator (PPRC1 or PRC), initially identified as a member of the PGC‐1 family, is believed to regulate mitochondria biogenesis, respiration pathways, and cell proliferation. However, its physiological role is not clearly understood. Here, we investigate the biological functions of PPRC1 in vivo using PPRC1 deficient mice generated by gene targeting. Results: Homozygous deficient PPRC1 mice failed to form egg cylinders and died after implantation but before embryonic day 6.5, whereas mice heterozygous for PPRC1 were viable, fertile and indistinguishable from their wild‐type littermates. Furthermore, PPRC1 mRNA was expressed at the embryonic stage before implantation and was rapidly up‐regulated during the first day of embryoid body formation. The PPRC1 mRNA was then subsequently down‐regulated, although its precise function at this stage of development was unclear. Conclusions: This is the first study to suggest a nonredundant role for PPRC1 in mouse early embryonic development. Developmental Dynamics 241:975–983, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Normalized shape and location of perturbed craniofacial structures in the Xenopus tadpole reveal an innate ability to achieve correct morphology
Authors: Vandenberg Laura N. , Adams Dany S. , Levin Michael 
Published: March 2012

AbstractBackground: Embryonic development can often adjust its morphogenetic processes to counteract external perturbation. The existence of self‐monitoring responses during pattern formation is of considerable importance to the biomedicine of birth defects, but has not been quantitatively addressed. To understand the computational capabilities of biological tissues in a molecularly tractable model system, we induced craniofacial defects in Xenopus embryos, then tracked tadpoles with craniofacial deformities and used geometric morphometric techniques to characterize changes in the shape and position of the craniofacial structures. Results: Canonical variate analysis revealed that the shapes and relative positions of perturbed jaws and branchial arches were corrected during the first few months of tadpole development. Analysis of the relative movements of the anterior‐most structures indicates that misplaced structures move along the anterior–posterior and left–right axes in ways that are significantly different from their normal movements. Conclusions: Our data suggest a model in which craniofacial structures use a measuring mechanism to assess and adjust their location relative to other local organs. Understanding the correction mechanisms at work in this system could lead to the better understanding of the adaptive decision‐making capabilities of living tissues and suggest new approaches to correct birth defects in humans. Developmental Dynamics 241:863–878, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Incomplete splicing, cell division defects, and hematopoietic blockage in dhx8 mutant zebrafish
Authors: English Milton A. , Lei Lin , Blake Trevor , Wincovitch Stephen M. , Sood Raman , Azuma Mizuki , Hickstein Dennis , Liu P. Paul 
Published: March 2012

AbstractBackground: Vertebrate hematopoiesis is a complex developmental process that is controlled by genes in diverse pathways. To identify novel genes involved in early hematopoiesis, we conducted an ENU (N‐ethyl‐N‐nitrosourea) mutagenesis screen in zebrafish. The mummy (mmy) line was investigated because of its multiple hematopoietic defects. Results: Homozygous mmy embryos lacked circulating blood cell types and were dead by 30 hr post‐fertilization (hpf). The mmy mutants did not express myeloid markers and had significantly decreased expression of progenitor and erythroid markers in primitive hematopoiesis. Through positional cloning, we identified a truncation mutation in dhx8 in the mmy fish. dhx8 is the zebrafish ortholog of the yeast splicing factor prp22, which is a DEAH‐box RNA helicase. mmy mutants had splicing defects in many genes, including several hematopoietic genes. mmy embryos also showed cell division defects as characterized by disorganized mitotic spindles and formation of multiple spindle poles in mitotic cells. These cell division defects were confirmed by DHX8 knockdown in HeLa cells. Conclusions: Together, our results confirm that dhx8 is involved in mRNA splicing and suggest that it is also important for cell division during mitosis. This is the first vertebrate model for dhx8, whose function is essential for primitive hematopoiesis in developing embryos. Developmental Dynamics 241:879–889, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Eating disorder not otherwise specified presentation in the US population
Authors: Le Grange Daniel , Swanson Sonja A. , Crow Scott J. , Merikangas Kathleen R. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractObjective:To examine prevalence and clinical correlates of eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS) in the US population.Method:Two cross‐sectional surveys of adults and adolescents used the WHO CIDI to assess DSM‐IV criteria for anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and EDNOS.Results:Lifetime prevalence of EDNOS was 4.78% in adolescents and 4.64% in adults. The majority of adolescents and adults with an eating disorder presented with EDNOS. Three‐quarters of participants with EDNOS met criteria for comorbid disorders, while one‐quarter endorsed suicidality. Severity correlates were equally prevalent in EDNOS and AN, whereas comparisons between EDNOS and BN varied by specific correlate and sample. Adolescents with subthreshold AN (SAN) endorsed more anxiety than AN (p < .05), and adolescents and adults with SAN endorsed more suicidal plans than AN (p's < .05).Discussion:Findings increase our understanding of the clinical relevance of EDNOS. Eating disorder diagnostic nomenclature requires modification to capture the full spectrum. © 2012 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2012.
Recruitment and retention in an adolescent anorexia nervosa treatment trial
Authors: Brownstone Lisa , Anderson Kristen , Beenhakker Judy , Lock James , Le Grange Daniel 
Published: March 2012

AbstractObjective:To investigate recruitment and retention for a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of adolescent anorexia nervosa (AN), as prior studies suggest that these are significant hurdles to completing meaningful RCTs in this population.Method:Retrospective analyses of recruitment and retention rates were conducted for a multisite RCT of family‐based treatment (FBT) versus adolescent‐focused therapy (AFT) recruiting adolescents between 12 and 18 years of age with AN.Results:Adolescent participants were recruited from a variety of both medical and nonmedical sources. Recruitment goals were met in time (October 2004–March 2007). Percent retention rates were high across both treatment types (84% for FBT and 92% for AFT), and these rates did not differ significantly.Discussion:These results reveal that recruitment and retention of adolescent patients with AN to RCTs are feasible in contrast to the experience in adult studies. It is likely that characteristics of our clinical programs make recruitment easier than in other settings, e.g., child and adolescent focused, specialized eating disorders program with an emphasis on outpatient treatment, recognized leaders in the field, and a history of clinical excellence with this population. © 2012 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2012; 45:812–815)
Night eating in obese treatment‐seeking hispanic patients with and without binge eating disorder
Authors: Grilo Carlos M. , Milsom Vanessa A. , Morgan Peter T. , White Marney A. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractObjective:To examine the frequency of night eating (NE) and its relation to binge eating disorder (BED), eating‐disorder psychopathology, depression, and metabolic variables in treatment‐seeking obese Hispanic men and women.Method:A consecutive series of 79 obese monolingual Spanish‐speaking‐only Hispanic patients with BED (N= 40) and without BED (N= 39) were reliably assessed by bilingual research‐clinicians using Spanish‐language versions of semistructured interviews and measures.Results:Overall, 38% (N= 30) of the 79 patients reported regular NE (≥4 days/month). NE and BED were significantly associated; 70% (21/30) of NE versus 18% (9/49) of non‐NE had BED. Patients with NE reported greater frequency of binge‐eating and higher levels of eating‐disorder psychopathology and depression than non‐NE patients; group differences in eating disorder psychopathology and depression levels persisted after controlling for BED status. The NE and non‐NE groups did not differ significantly in BMI or metabolic variables.Discussion:In obese treatment‐seeking Hispanic patients, NE and BED were significantly associated and NE was associated with heightened eating‐disorder psychopathology and depression even after controlling for BED status. © 2012 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2012; 45:787–791)
High fat feeding exacerbates endoplasmic reticulum stress and beta cell demise
Authors: Cnop Miriam 
Published: March 2012

AbstractA growing body of evidence suggests that the insulin‐producing beta cells in the pancreas are susceptible to saturated fatty acid‐induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and apoptosis, and that this may contribute to the development of diabetes. In this issue of the European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology, Guo et al. [p. 233–234] report on accelerated beta cell dysfunction and death induced by high fat feeding of the Ncb5or knockout mouse, which lacks the ER‐associated NADH‐cytochrome b5 oxidoreductase and has impaired fatty acid desaturation.
Total Synthesis of Macrosphelide M from Diacetone Glucose
Authors: Sharma Gangavaram V. M. , Reddy Post Sai 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe total synthesis of macrosphelide M is described. The key steps include the preparation of the acid and alcohol fragments from diacetone glucose and (S)‐malic acid, respectively, followed by Yamaguchi esterification and macrocyclization of the tris‐olefin by ring‐closing metathesis. Finally, one‐pot deprotection of the PMB and TBS groups with TiCl4 results in the target. The C‐3/C‐4 stereocenters of diacetone glucose are used for the introduction of four stereocenters, whereas the fifth stereocenter is realized from (S)‐malic acid.