bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ameliorative Effects of Aqueous Extract of Colocasia esculenta Leaf Against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Prefrontal cortex damage in Mice
Authors: Siyanbade Jacob Adewale , Iteire Kingsley Afoke , Adelakun Sunday Aderemi , Adebisi Kayode Adedoyin , Leko Bankole Japhet , Oladele Tolulope Samuel , Ogunmiluyi Oluwafunmbi Ebenezer , Folorunso Kolade Pelumi , Afolabi Hezekiah Omotayo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
The prefrontal-cortex (PFC) occupies about one-third of the total area of the cerebral cortex and it plays crucial role in Cognition and memory. This study evaluated the ameliorative effects of aqueous extract of Colocasia esculenta leaf (AECEL) on lipopolysaccharide-induced Prefrontal-cortex damage.
Methods
42 Swiss male albino mice with weights ranging between 18 − 22g were randomized into six-groups. Group-A consisted of healthy-mice and LPS-induction in groups (B-F) was done by intraperitoneal injections of 0.5mg/kg of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for seven days. Group-B received distilled-water; Group C- E was treated with AECEL at 400 mg/kg, 600 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg respectively, while Group F received 2.5 mg/kg of donepezil (DPZ) via oral-gavage for 28days.
Results
Significant increase in the brain oxidative-stress parameters was seen in the LPS-exposed groups compared to the control group (p < 0.05). However, compared with those in the LPS-only group, the levels of oxidative-stress parameters as well as Tumour-necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 in the brain of AECEL-and DPZ-treated groups were significantly lower (p < 0.05). In the Y-maze test: the percentage-alternation (%ALTERN) significantly decreased (p < 0.05) in the LPS-only group compared to that in the control-group, but there was a significant increase in the %ALTERN in the AECEL-treated groups compared to that in the LPS-only and LPS + DPZ treatment groups (p < 0.05). Bielschowsky staining revealed that the LPS-only group exhibited senile-plaques and neurofibrillary-tangles.
Conclusion
LPS caused damage to the PFC; AECEL significantly improved cognitive function, memory, and anxiety-like behaviours.
The Physical Literacy Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Han and Tibetan Children and Adolescents Aged 8-12 in China
Authors: Chen Leqin， , Yini Wu , Rong Li 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to explore the physical literacy characteristics and influencing factors of 8-12 year old children and adolescents from the Han and Tibetan ethnic groups in China, providing new ideas and perspectives for the construction of a physical literacy assessment system for different altitudes children and adolescents, and providing scientific reference for the formulation and implementation of relevant policies.
Methods A cluster sampling method was adopted in Lhasa City of Xizang Autonomous Region and Taiyuan City of Shanxi Province. 450 children and adolescents aged 8-12 years were selected from each area as the research subjects. The second edition of the Canadian Physical Literacy Assessment System is used to test the physical literacy level of Han and Tibetan children aged 8-12. Independent sample t-test and analysis of variance were used for difference testing, Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the relationship between different dimensions and physical literacy level, as well as the relationship between each dimension. Multivariate analysis of variance was used to explore the interaction effects.
Result 1) The total physical literacy score of Han and Tibetan children and adolescents aged 8-12 is only 53.82 ± 6.90, with primary and developmental levels accounting for 97.31%. The overall level of physical literacy is relatively low; The physical literacy scores of Tibetan and Han children and adolescents are similar, and there is no difference. However, in terms of Physical Competnce, Tibetan girls have a higher level of Physical Competnce than Han girls (p=0.030). In terms of daily behavior, Tibetan children and adolescents are significantly better than Han children and adolescents (p=0.010 for boys and p=0.002 for girls); In terms of knowledge and understanding, Han children and adolescents are significantly higher than Tibetan children and adolescents (p<. 001 for males and p<. 001 for females). 2) There are gender and age differences in the physical literacy level of children and adolescents aged 8-12 (p<0.001 * *); There is an interactive effect between gender and age on the level of physical literacy, but the effect value is relatively small. 3) There is a correlation between each dimension and the total score of physical literacy, with daily behavior having the highest correlation with the total score of physical literacy (r=0.662, p<0.001).
Conclusion: The overall physical literacy level of Han Tibetan children and adolescents aged 8-12 is not high, and there are regional, gender, and age differences. It is urgent to develop a scientific and effective evaluation system for the physical literacy of different altitudes adolescents as soon as possible, taking into account the educational background, physical and mental characteristics of adolescents, and the current physical activity situation in China.
Early Warning and Predicting of COVID-19 Using Zero-inflated Negative Binomial Regression Model and Negative Binomial Regression Model
Authors: Zhou Wanwan , Huang Daizheng , Liang Qiuyu , Huang Tengda , Wang Xiaomin , Pei Hengyan , Chen Shiwen , Liu Lu , Wei Yuxia , Qin Litai , Xie Yihong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background It is difficult to detect the outbreak of emergency infectious disease based on the exiting surveillance system. Here we investigate the utility of the Baidu Search Index (BSI) in the early warning and predicting the epidemic trend of COVID-19.
Methods The daily number of cases and the Baidu Search Index of 8 keywords (weighted by population) from December 1, 2019 to March 15, 2020 were collected and analyzed with times series and Spearman correlation with different time lag. Zero-inflated negative binomial regression and negative binomial regression model was used to predict the epidemic trend.
Results The Baidu Search Index of all keywords in Wuhan was significantly higher than Hubei (excluded Wuhan) and China (excluded Hubei). Before the causative pathogen was identified, the search volume of “Influenza” and “Pneumonia” in Wuhan increased with the number of new onset cases, their correlation coefficient was 0.69 and 0.59, respectively. After the pathogen was public but before COVID-19 was classified as a notifiable disease, the search volume of “SARS”, “Pneumonia”, “Coronavirus” in all study areas increased with the number of new onset cases with the correlation coefficient was 0.69~0.89, while “Influenza” changed to negative correlated (rs: -0.56 ~ -0.64). After COVID-19 was closely monitoring, the BSI of “COVID-19”, “Pneumonia”, “Coronavirus”, “SARS” and “Mask” could predict the epidemic trend with 15 days, 5 days and 6 days lead time, respectively in Wuhan, Hubei (excluded Wuhan) and China (excluded Hubei). The number of cases would increase 1.84 and 4.81 folds, respectively in Wuhan and Hubei (excluded Wuhan) from 21 January to 9 February if without the implementation of comprehensive intervention measures.
Conclusion The BSI could be used in the early warning and predicting the epidemic trend of COVID-19, but the search keywords changed in different period. Considering the time lag from onset to diagnosis, especially in the areas with medical resources shortage, internet search data can be a highly effective supplement of the existing surveillance system.
Long-term outcomes of relapsing polychondritis: A multicenter study
Authors: Jafarpour Mehdi , Seyedmardani Seyedmostafa , Khabbazi Alireza , Sahebari Maryam , Saberivand Maryam , Faezi Tahereh , Esalatmanesh Kamal , Myrfeizi: Zahra ,   Sousan Kolahi1, Hajialilo Mehrzad , Hosseinpoor Sarah , Salesi Mansour , Saemi Maryam 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Relapsing polychondritis (RPC) is a systemic immune mediated disease characterized by recurrent episodes of inflammation in various cartilage-rich areas. RPC may cause extensive tissue destruction and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. In this multicenter study, we considered the remission status and long-term outcomes of RPC in patients who were followed-up in six referral rheumatology centers in Iran. Outcomes of disease was assessed by remission status and RPC induced damage. A total of 29 patients with RPC were examined for enrollment in the study, and 26 patients with a minimum follow-up period of 6 months were included in the RPC outcome analysis. Median time to control of symptoms and sustained remission were 5 and 23 weeks, respectively. Prednisolone was discontinued in 8 (30.8%) patients and medication-free remission was achieved in 7 (23.1%) patients. Regarding the disease course, 34.6% of patients had a relapsing-remitting course, 42.3% had a monophasic course, and 23.1% had an always-active course. Despite extensive treatment with immunosuppressive medications, RPC induced damage was developed in 21 (80.8%) patients. Ear deformity and osteoporosis were the most common RPC induced damage. Long-term remission and medications-free remission in RPC is accessible. However, RPC related damage occur in majority of patients.
Forward optimization of integrated energy system scheduling considering economy and environment
Authors: Wang Wei , Zhang Hua , Su Jiao , Jiang Tao , yan Jijing , Zhu Ziwei , Xia Yaoxuan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Given the finite nature of fossil fuels and their adverse environmental impacts, establishing a new sustainable energy system has become an urgent issue today. In order to reduce the carbon emissions of integrated energy systems(IES) and optimize the operational costs, this paper proposes an optimized scheduling of comprehensive energy systems considering both economic and environmental factors to meet the demand for renewable energy generation regulation and improve energy utilization efficiency. In the paper, a comprehensive demand response model of user energy consumption behavior is first constructed to ensure the safe operation of the power system. Based on this model, a joint operation model of Power-to-Gas (P2G) and Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) systems, as well as operational constraints of natural gas and hydrogen mixed P2G devices, are considered. By introducing a carbon trading mechanism and minimizing total costs as the objective, a day-ahead low-carbon economic scheduling model for the system is established. To address the uncertainty of customer demand response, robust optimization theory is adopted, and the problem is reformulated as a linear programming problem using duality theory for solution using commercial solvers. Simulation results demonstrate that this scheduling strategy can improve the economic benefits of power plants while reducing renewable energy consumption and power plant risks, promoting the sustainable development of integrated energy systems. This day-ahead economic scheduling strategy for integrated energy systems is of great significance for constructing a low-carbon, efficient energy system.
It Takes a Village: an ethnographic study on how undergraduate medical students use each other to learn clinical reasoning at the workplace
Authors: Ruczynski Larissa IA , de Pol Marjolein HJ van , Hashmi Shiba , Vos Erwin JH , Fluit Cornelia RMG , Schouwenberg Bas JJW 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND
When students learn with – and from – other students, it is called peer-assisted learning (PAL). How undergraduate students use their peers for their clinical-reasoning learning process remains unclear. This research therefore explores the question: ‘How is PAL manifested in the clinical learning environment of undergraduate medical students with regard to developing clinical-reasoning skills?’ Two sub-questions are formulated: (1) Which categories of PAL are identifiable within the clinical learning context of undergraduate students developing clinical-reasoning skills? And (2) How do different factors in this context influence PAL at the workplace for the development of clinical-reasoning skills by students?
METHODS
Focused ethnography and a combination of template and open coding was used to gather and analyze qualitative data.
RESULTS
Twenty semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine students, four residents and seven clinical supervisors. A total number of 31.5 hours were used for five clinical observations. Three categories were used to elaborate on the data: (1) The role of PAL in the clinical-reasoning learning practice, (2) The role of different actors during PAL and (3) The PAL environment.
CONCLUSION
Students utilize each other to enhance various clinical-reasoning skills. The complexity of the clinical context is represented in this research. Three topics of discussion are identified that need to be acknowledged: (1) the design of the PAL environment, (2) the shifting roles of peers when they enter clinical practice, and (3) the individualistic tendencies of students. Future research could focus on stimulating and facilitating PAL among the next generation of students and integrating PAL into the clinical practice workflow.
Development of a Thrombin-antithrombin Complex Detection Kit and Study in Venous Thromboembolism Complicated by Cervical Cancer
Authors: Qiu Yanru , Han Shuang , Ji Yu , Lu Zhixian , Huang Xuan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Our study successfully developed an assay kit for thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT) and demonstrated the predictive value of plasma TAT concentration in the development of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with cervical cancer.
Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted on 177 patients with cervical cancer who received treatment at the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University in Wuxi City from July 1, 2023 to October 1, 2023. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of cervical cancer patients and their VTE risk factors. The patients were divided into two groups: 27 cases with VTE (Thrombosis group) and 150 cases without VTE (Non-thrombotic group). Additionally, the patients were classified into four stages based on tumor stage: 42 cases of stage I, 45 cases of stage II, 62 cases of stage III, and 28 cases of stage IV. The control group consisted of 80 healthy patients undergoing medical check-ups. Thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT), fibrinolytic enzyme-α2-fibrinolytic inhibitor complex (PIC), thrombomodulin (TM), and tissue-type plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 complex (t-PAIC) were detected using quantitative chemiluminescence immunoassay. The study assessed the variations in thrombotic marker levels among cervical cancer patients of different stages through a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.
Results
The TAT reagent demonstrated a detection limit of 0.048 ng/mL, with a linear R value of 0.9997, indicating high accuracy and precision. The reagent's accelerated stability was also excellent, with deviations of less than 10%. Furthermore, the correlation coefficient of this method with Hyson Mecon was R2 = 0.9683. Notably, in patients with cervical cancer, TAT and PIC levels were found to be elevated compared to those of the healthy population. Cervical cancer patients who developed thrombosis had significantly elevated levels of TAT and fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) compared to those who did not. Furthermore, patients with stage III-IV cervical cancer exhibited higher levels of the six markers than those with stage I-II during staging. Notably, the combination of four or six markers significantly improved the sensitivity and specificity of the diagnosis, as demonstrated by the ROC curves.
Conclusion
Our developed TAT test kit has excellent performance and low cost, making it a clinically valuable tool for widespread use. Elevated TAT levels have significant predictive value for thrombosis occurrence in cervical cancer patients. The combination of t-PAIC, TM, TAT, PIC, D-dimer(D-D), and FDP markers is superior to using a single marker for diagnosing VTE in patients with malignant tumors. Screening cervical cancer patients for the six markers is essential to aid in active prophylaxis, determine optimal treatment timing, and implement nursing interventions to improve prognosis, reduce venous thrombosis incidence and mortality, and prolong survival time.
Effect of nano zinc oxide coating on grape freshness and quality of its molasses
Authors: Jamali Vahid , Emamifar Aryou , Beiginejad Hadi , Moradi Mohammad. , Rasouli Mousa 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Grapes play a significant role as providers of phenolic, anthocyanin, and ascorbic acid, all of which are acknowledged for their considerable biological significance. The objective of this study was to investigate the possible utilization of nano zinc oxide coating for preserving the freshness of grapes and properties of its molasses. Nano zinc oxide suspension at three level of concentrations (0.0, 0.5, and 1.0% w/v) was carried out through a three-stage spraying process, which encompassed the flowering stage, the unripe stage, and the ripening stage, occurring 20 days prior to the harvest. Grape samples were stored at 4 ºC for 35 days. pH, titratable acidity, weight loss, Brixº, total phenolic, anthocyanin and ascorbic acid content, antioxidant activity, color indexes (L*, a*, b*), total viable count of bacteria, total yeast and mold count, and sensory analysis were evaluated at day 0, 7, 21, and 35. The pH, weight loss, Brixº, color index b*, total viable bacteria and total mold and yeast count of grape samples were increased over time. While titratable acidity, total phenolic, anthocyanin and ascorbic acid content, antioxidant activity, color indexes L*, a*, and sensory score were decreased. The results of this study suggested the use of 0.5% W/V of nano zinc oxide coating to enhance the grape freshness during storage.
Ultrasonography, contrast-enhanced ultrasonography and contrast- enhanced computer tomography features of hepatic sarcomatoid carcinoma and hepatic sarcoma: a retrospective study of 23 cases
Authors: Long Xingyun , Wu Jie , Liu Han , Kong Wentao , Huang Danqing 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Hepatic sarcomatoid carcinoma (HSC) and hepatic sarcoma (HS) are rare malignancies. Without pathology, the differential diagnosis between these two tumors are difficult due to their frequent overlaps in clinical presentations and imaging features. Currently, there are limited analyses about the ultrasound (US), contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and contrast-enhanced computer tomography (CECT) characteristics of HSC and HS. Therefore, the purpose of our study is to evaluate the value of US, CEUS and CECT on the differential diagnosis between HSC and HS.
Methods
From 2015 to 2022, a total of 23 patients with HSC (n = 11) and HS (n = 12) are included in this retrospective study. We analyze the clinical, pathological, and imaging data of these patients. Analysis of differences is performed to determine the consistent and distinctive features.
Results
HSCs have a considerably higher prevalence of chronic hepatitis (p = 0.005) and cirrhosis (P = 0.027) than HSs, while metastases are more prevalent in HSs (P = 0.005). The lesion size of HSCs (8.1 ± 2.2 cm) is slightly larger than that of HSs (6.2 ± 3.4 cm). On conventional US, the characteristics of HS and HSC are similar. On CEUS, HSC can be differentiated from HS by heterogeneous rim-like enhancement with necrotic zone during arterial phase (AP). Notably, for different pathological types of HS, the presence of enhancement in AP on CECT can be used to distinguish hepatic fibrosarcoma from hepatic liposarcoma.
Conclusion
HSC and HS generally present as masses with hypo-echoic and hypo-vascularity. HSC usually presents heterogeneous density. The degree of enhancement, the time of wash-out start, and the presence of necrotic areas may contribute to distinguish the different pathological types of HS.
Analysis of Global Disease Burden and Global Health Inequality Trends Related to Cardiovascular Diseases Associated with Low-Fiber Diet: Based on the 1990-2019 GBD Database
Authors: Lu Mengkai , Zhang Muxin , Hao Jiaqi , Guan Xiuya , Zhang Zhiyuan , Hu Yuanlong , Cui Xinhai , Sun Bowen , Li Chao , Xu Wanli 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective: Analyzing the association between low-fiber diet and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) using the 1990-2019 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database, this study also examines trends in health inequality.
Methods: The 2019 GBD data, including DALYs and ASDR related to CVD from low-fiber diets, were utilized. Disease mapping visualized global, regional, and national burdens, while measures like SII and CI assessed inequality.
Results: The burden of CVD from low-fiber diets slightly increased from 1990 to 2019, with higher DALY numbers in males. India, China, and Indonesia had the highest DALY numbers in 2019. Southeast Asia had the highest advantage in DALY rates and ASDR for CVD attributed to a low-fiber diet among all regions globally, with 431.2 (95% UI: 250.7 - 612.1) and 453.6 (95% UI: 263.9 - 640.1) respectively. Low SDI countries had lower ASDR, while high SDI countries controlled their ASDR. Inequality decreased between low-income and high-income countries in CVD burden.
Conclusion: Low-fiber diet is associated with CVD, showing regional and gender differences. International health inequality related to this burden is gradually reducing. Findings support the development of targeted strategies for preventing and intervening in CVD, improving global cardiovascular health, and reducing health inequality.
Formulation, optimization, in vitro and in vivo evaluation of Nateglinide-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers for enhanced bioavailability.
Authors: Tiwari Shradha , Dange Yuvraj , Honmane Sandip , Saralayaa Mahesh , Gattani Surendra , Wadher Shailesh , Sarda Rohit , Mahaparale Paresh 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Nateglinide belongs to the meglitinide class, oral hypoglycemic drug used in the treatment of insulin-resistant (Type II) diabetes mellitus. Potential constraints associated with NTG delivery include poor aqueous solubility, short action time, and quick elimination, which causes variable bioavailability. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to develop and optimize NLCs formulations to improve the oral bioavailability and efficient delivery of NTG.
Method
NLCs were prepared by a modified HPH method using a box Behenken design approach. Glyceryl Monostearate and Miglyol 812, Acrysol EL 135 were chosen as solid lipid, liquid lipids, and surfactant respectively. Obtained NLCs were characterized for physicochemical properties, in-vitro drug release studies and pharmacokinetic parameters.
Result
NTG-NLCs exhibited small particle size ranging from 142.8 ± 1.67 to 252.7 ± 2.17 nm zeta potential in the ranging from 13.53 mV to 30.93 mV, Polydispersibility index of 0.343±0.071 to 0.417 ±0.058. The average encapsulation efficiency for the NLCs was 89.99%. Optimized NTG-NLC showed particle size 142.8 nm, zeta Potential, 30.93 mV, drug loading 16.04%, and entrapment efficiency 93.48 %. In a pharmacokinetic study, the relative oral bioavailability of nateglinide-NLC was increased by 3.77 times than that of pure nateglinide and 1.54 times than Glinate 60 marketed nateglinide formulation. The half-life of the drug was prolonged by 1.6 times. The solubility and bioavailability of nateglinide is enhanced, coupled with its prolonged release.
Conclusion: NTG-NLC prepared by the modified HPH method is a promising technique to enhance in vitro drug release, bioavailability, and pharmacokinetics.