bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of recorded rainfall with quantitative precipitation forecast in a rainfall-runoff simulation for the Langat River Basin, Malaysia
Authors: Billa Lawal , Assilzadeh Hamid , Mansor Shattri , Mahmud Ahmed , Ghazali Abdul 
Published: September 2011

AbstractObserved rainfall is used for runoff modeling in flood forecasting where possible, however in cases where the response time of the watershed is too short for flood warning activities, a deterministic quantitative precipitation forecast (QPF) can be used. This is based on a limited-area meteorological model and can provide a forecasting horizon in the order of six hours or less. This study applies the results of a previously developed QPF based on a 1D cloud model using hourly NOAA-AVHRR (Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer) and GMS (Geostationary Meteorological Satellite) datasets. Rainfall intensity values in the range of 3–12 mm/hr were extracted from these datasets based on the relation between cloud top temperature (CTT), cloud reflectance (CTR) and cloud height (CTH) using defined thresholds. The QPF, prepared for the rainstorm event of 27 September to 8 October 2000 was tested for rainfall runoff on the Langat River Basin, Malaysia, using a suitable NAM rainfall-runoff model. The response of the basin both to the rainfall-runoff simulation using the QPF estimate and the recorded observed rainfall is compared here, based on their corresponding discharge hydrographs. The comparison of the QPF and recorded rainfall showed R2 = 0.9028 for the entire basin. The runoff hydrograph for the recorded rainfall in the Kajang sub-catchment showed R2 = 0.9263 between the observed and the simulated, while that of the QPF rainfall was R2 = 0.819. This similarity in runoff suggests there is a high level of accuracy shown in the improved QPF, and that significant improvement of flood forecasting can be achieved through ‘Nowcasting’, thus increasing the response time for flood early warnings.
Investigating vegetation biophysical and spectral parameters for detecting light to moderate grazing effects: a case study in mixed grass prairie
Authors: Yang Xiaohui , Guo Xulin 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIdentifying effective vegetation biophysical and spectral parameters for investigating light to moderate grazing effects on grasslands improves management practices on grasslands. Using mixed grasslands as a case study, this paper compares responses of vegetation biophysical properties and spectral parameters derived from satellite images to grazing intensity, and identifies the suitable biophysical and spectral parameters to detect grazing effects in these areas. Biophysical properties including cover, canopy height and Leaf area index (LAI) were measured in three sites with different grazing managements and one benchmark site in 2008 and 2009 in Grasslands PlaceTypeNational Park and surrounding provincial pastures, Canada. Thirteen vegetation spectral indices, calculated by statistically combining different spectral information, were evaluated. The results indicate that canopy height and the ratio of photosynthetically active vegetation cover to non-photosynthetically active vegetation cover (PV/NPV) showed significant differences between ungrazed and grazed sites. All spectral vegetation indices except the canopy index (CI) show significant differences between grazing treatments. Red-Near infrared (Red-NIR) based vegetation indices, such as Modified Triangular Vegetation Index 1 (MTVI1), Soil-adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI), are significantly correlated to the PV/NPV. Green/Mid-infrared (Green/MIR) related vegetation indices, i.e. Plant Senescence Reflectance Index (PRSI) and Normalized Canopy Index (NCI), show significant correlation with canopy height. Models based on a linear combination of MTVI1 and SAVI were developed for PV/NPV and PRSI and NCI for canopy height. Models that simulated PV/NPV and canopy height show significant correlations with grazing intensity, suggesting the feasibility of remote sensing to quantify light to moderate grazing effects in mixed grasslands.
A Non-Linear Rainfall-Runoff Model with a Sigmoid Gain Factor to Simulate Flow Frequency Distribution Curves for Amazon Catchments
Authors: Vinagre Marco , Blanco Claudio , Amarante Mesquita André 
Published: September 2011

A Non-Linear Rainfall-Runoff Model with a Sigmoid Gain Factor to Simulate Flow Frequency Distribution Curves for Amazon Catchments
The objective of this paper is to simulate flow frequency distribution curves for Amazon catchments with the aim of scaling power generation from small hydroelectric power plants. Thus, a simple nonlinear rainfall-runoff model was developed with sigmoid-variable gain factor due to the moisture status of the catchment, which depends on infiltration, and is considered a factor responsible for the nonlinearity of the rainfall-runoff process. Data for a catchment in the Amazon was used to calibrate and validate the model. The performance criteria adopted were the Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient (R2), the RMS, the Q95% frequencyc flow percentage error, and the mean percentage errors ranging from Q5% to Q95%.. Calibration and validation showed that the model satisfactorily simulates the flow frequency distribution curves. In order to find the shortest period of rainfall-runoff data, which is required for applying the model, a sensitivity analysis was performed whereby rainfall and runoff data was successively reduced by 1 year until a 1.5-year model application minimum period was found. This corresponds to one hydrological year plus the 6-month long "memory". This analysis evaluates field work in the ungauged sites of the region.
Students Relationships and Teacher's Authority as Axiological, Ethical, Pedagogical, Social and Psychological Problems
Authors: Sawicki Silvester 
Published: September 2011

Students Relationships and Teacher's Authority as Axiological, Ethical, Pedagogical, Social and Psychological Problems
The paper is focused on the research into the problems of education regarding the relations between students (bullying, competiveness and cooperation) and the decreasing teacher's authority in schools and society. We found that relations between pupils and students of elementary and secondary schools show several negative tendencies including harming each other, reduced rate of mutual sensitivity and preference of rivality to cooperation. Authority of teachers is permanently decreasing not only with pupils and students, but with parents and society, too. Society, parents and students much less value study results and wisdom, and these issues consequently influence the decreasing teacher's status. On the other hand, this behavior leads to decreasing the interest in semantic learning. The roots of these problems can be found in the postmodern crisis of Western culture, associated with severe deficiencies of the political system and market economy as well as one-sided rational orientation of Western society at the expense of the spiritual needs of man.
Influence of Retardants to Burning Lignocellulosic Materials
Authors: Tureková Ivana , Harangozó Jozef , Martinka Jozef 
Published: September 2011

Influence of Retardants to Burning Lignocellulosic Materials
The paper deals with monitoring retardant changes of lignocellulosic materials. Combustion of lignocellulosic materials and fire-technical characteristics are described. In assessing the retarding effect of salt NH4H2PO4, fire-technical characteristics as limiting oxygen index (LOI) were measured, and by using thermoanalytical TG and DSC methods. High-temperature process of cellulose degradation at various flame concentrations was studied.
Construction of a Linkage Map and QTL analysis for Black Rot Resistance in <i>Brassica oleracea</i> L.
Authors: Doullah MAU , Mohsin GM , Ishikawa K , Hori H , Okazaki K 
Published: September 2011

For quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling resistance to Xanthomonas campestris pv. Campestris, we constructed linkage map using cleaved amplified plymorphic sequences (CAPS) and sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) analysis with disease rating of F3 families obtained from a susceptible broccoli and resistant cabbage [Green commet P09 × Reiho P01]. We established inoculation technique. In this technique, leaves from approximately 50-day old F3 plants were inoculated by cutting 1.0 cm at mid vain near the margins. A total of 38 CAPS and 60 SRAP primer pairs were screened to assess parental polymorphism against black rot resistance. Ninety two markers were distributed in 10 linkage groups (LGs) covering 320.5 cM (centimorgan), with average 3.56 cM interval between markers. Two genomic regions on LG 2 and LG 9 were significantly associated with resistance to the disease. The analysis revealed QTLs in the map interval between CAM1 – GSA1 on LG 2 accounting for up to 10% of the phenotypic variation and one QTL in the map interval between F12-R12e – BORED on LG 9 explaining 16% phenotypic variation with LOD score of 3.09. Two additional non-significant QTLs on LG 3 in the interval between CHI – ASB1 (LOD = 2.04) and on LG 7 in the interval between IPI – FLC3 (LOD = 2.25) were also detected for resistance to the disease. The QTLs, which were mapped to LG 2 and LG 9 for the disease, could be useful for marker-assisted selection in resistance breeding. Key words: Linkage map; QTL; Black rot; Resistance; Brassica oleracea DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijns.v1i1.8591 International Journal of Natural Sciences (2011), 1(1):1-6
La neuroéconomie dans l’agenda de l’économie comportementale
Authors: Pelloux Benjamin , Rullière Jean-Louis , Van Winden Frans 
Published: September 2011

Neuroeconomics in the Behavioral Economics Agendum.
The behavioral economics was successful and this success was increasing firstly due to the development of the experiments in economics. The pursuit of this success appears to have a lot to be bet on the perspectives opened by neuroeconomics, which would thus be nothing else than a natural continuation of the behavioral economics research program. This paper shows that it is not at all about a simple continuation but about a real methodological choice based on a strong break. This question can be perfectly summarized by the stated principle by Camerer, Loewenstein and Prelec : asking the brain, not the person. As a consequence, for the economist, observing the brain activity would thus be more relevant to understand the human being behavior than to focus directly on it.
Commentaires sur la neuroéconomie
Authors: Rubinstein Ariel 
Published: September 2011

Comments on Neuroeconomics.
Neuroeconomics is examined critically using data on the response times of subjects who were asked to express their preferences in the context of the Allais Paradox. Different patterns of choice are found among the fast and slow responders. This suggests that we try to identify types of economic agents by the time they take to make their choices. Nevertheless, it is argued that it is far from clear if and how neuroeconomics will change economics.
Spaniards’ Perspective of Immigration. The Role of the Media
Authors: Checa-Olmos Juan Carlos , Arjona-Garrido Ángeles 
Published: September 2011

With the transformation of Spain into an immigration country, society has become a major change by setting up a social space characterized, increasingly, by cultural, ethnic and religious diversity. In this new frame is interesting to investigate the overall value of diversity into the Spanish society. The two aims for of this paper are, on one hand, to process feedback on Spanish opinion on immigration between 1996 and 2007, and, on the other hand, to find out the role of the media in the construction of that opinion. For the first aim, an index of anti-foreigner sentiments was constructed using data provided by the national survey on opinions and attitudes on immigration, published annually by ASEP. For the second, an analysis, using the Agenda-Setting Theory, of articles published on immigration that appeared in the newspapers, «El País» and «El Mundo». The results show that a negative sentiment towards the outgroup has increased over time. The main variables explaining these trends are a sense of threat, to the population and to identity, and competition for resources and political decisions in integration – legalisation. The media analysis has six dimensions, the main ones refer to the illegality of the phenomenon, linking immigration to crime, and the social integration policies, highlighting the role of the media in creating public opinion.Con la transformación de España desde hace unas décadas en país de inmigración, la sociedad ha experimentado un importante cambio configurando un espacio social caracterizado, cada vez más, por la diversidad cultural, étnica y religiosa. En este escenario novedoso es de gran interés indagar sobre la valoración que de dicha diversidad tiene la sociedad española. El objetivo de este artículo es doble, por un lado, conocer la opinión que tienen los españoles sobre la inmigración entre 1996 y 2007. Por otro, comprobar el papel que juegan los medios de comunicación en la configuración de ese sentir. Para el primer objetivo se ha construido el índice de sentimiento anti-inmigrante, a partir de los datos ofrecidos por la encuesta nacional sobre opiniones y actitudes ante la inmigración, administrada, anualmente, por ASEP. Para el segundo, se analizan, utilizando la teoría de la «Agenda Setting», las noticias publicadas por los periódicos «El País» y «El Mundo» sobre inmigración. Los resultados muestran que el sentimiento negativo hacia el exogrupo se va incrementado con el paso del tiempo. Las principales variables que explican esa tendencia son: el sentimiento de amenaza –poblacional e identitaria–, competencia por los recursos y decisiones políticas en el proceso de integración –regularización–. Del análisis de los medios resultan seis encuadres, los principales hacen referencia a la irregularidad del fenómeno, a la vinculación inmigración y delincuencia y a las políticas de integración social. Por tanto, se pone de manifiesto el papel que juegan los medios de comunicación a la hora de crear opinión.
Classroom 2.0 Experiences and Building on the Use of ICT in Teaching
Authors: Domingo-Coscollola María , Marquès-Graells Pere 
Published: September 2011

Recognising the importance of new technology in the classroom, our aim is to promote the integration of information and communication technology (ICT) in teaching practice from a collaborative research in which action research style methods are applied involving 21 primary and secondary schools in Spain. In these research seminars, the participating teachers receive a progressive educational and technological training orientated towards the experiment and reflect on the possibilities of using a computer per student in the classroom and a digital whiteboard or interactive whiteboard (IWB). After the first period of research, we bring to the table significant ideas that have guided the training and put forward findings on the testing of teachers in their classrooms denoted classrooms 2.0 for being equipped with an IWB and computers with Internet access. In specific, from this experiment, we provide relevant results on the intensity of use of IWBs and computers, the usual activities conducted with these technological resources, their advantages and disadvantages found from use and their impact on student learnings. In the conclusions, the results are analysed and assessed, noting possible criteria for taking action in order to move twenty-first century teaching practices forward and promote the inclusion of ICT in classrooms.
Asumiendo la importancia de las nuevas tecnologías en las aulas, pretendemos impulsar la integración de las tecnologías de la información y de la comunicación (TIC) en la práctica docente desde una investigación colaborativa donde se aplican metodologías cercanas a la investigación-acción y participan 21 centros de educación primaria y secundaria de España. En los seminarios de esta investigación, el profesorado participante recibe progresivamente una formación didáctica y tecnológica orientada hacia la experimentación y la reflexión de las posibilidades de uso de un ordenador por alumno, en el aula, y de la pizarra digital o pizarra digital interactiva (PDI). Después del primer periodo de la investigación, aportamos ideas significativas que han guiado la formación impartida y avanzamos información de la experimentación del profesorado en sus aulas denominadas aulas 2.0 por estar dotadas de una PDI y de ordenadores con acceso a Internet. Concretamente, de esta experimentación, aportamos resultados relevantes sobre la intensidad de uso de la PDI y de los ordenadores, las actividades habituales realizadas con estos recursos tecnológicos, sus ventajas e inconvenientes destacables al utilizarlos y sus incidencias de uso en los aprendizajes de los estudiantes. En las conclusiones, se analizan y se valoran los resultados, apuntando posibles criterios de actuación para ir avanzando en la práctica docente del siglo XXI y en la inclusión de las TIC en las aulas.
Qualidade de vida sob a ótica de pessoas em tratamento antineoplásico: uma análise fenomenológica
Authors: Sales Catarina Aparecida , Almeida Carla Simone Leite , Silva Juliana Dalcin Donini , Silva Vladimir Araujo , Waidman Maria Angelica Pagliarini 
Published: September 2011

A proposta deste estudo foi desvelar a concepção de qualidade de vida, de portadores de neoplasia maligna que vivenciam tratamento antineoplásico em casa de apoio. Utilizou-se abordagem qualitativa estruturada na fenomenologia existencial, pois esta coloca o Ser numa dimensão ontológica. Entrevistaram-se 11 usuários de uma instituição filantrópica de Maringá-PR, durante os meses de junho e julho de 2010, os quais externaram suas concepções por meio da seguinte questão norteadora: Como anda sua vida neste momento? Durante a trajetória em busca do fenômeno, emergiram três temáticas ontológicas: existindo-no-mundo com as mudanças em seu corpo; existindo-no-mundo ausente de seus entes queridos; existindo-no-mundo preocupado com seu porvir. Por este estudo, apreendemos que os doentes estudados têm sua qualidade de vida afetada não só por estar afastados dos seus entes queridos e encontrarem-se em tratamento neoplásico, mas por uma série de circunstancias que a vida lhes impõe ao estarem acometidos pelo câncer.Descritores: Qualidade de vida; Oncologia; Cuidados de enfermagem.
A experiência da família no cuidado domiciliário ao doente com câncer: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Rodrigues Juliana Stoppa Menezes , Ferreira Noeli Marchioro Liston Andrade 
Published: September 2011

A inserção da família na assistência é um desafio, com o aumento da cronicidade é uma realidade observada especialmente nos cuidados domiciliários. Este estudo objetivou buscar e avaliar evidências científicas sobre a experiência da família no cuidado domiciliário ao adulto com câncer. Revisão integrativa de literatura, realizada nas bases LILACS, BDENF, SciELO, MEDLINE utilizando as palavras-chave “família”, “neoplasia“ OR “câncer” e “cuidado domiciliar” OR “assistência domiciliar”. Critérios para seleção: publicações indexadas nas bases de dados escolhidas e palavras-chave selecionadas, publicadas até dezembro 2010, com textos completos disponíveis. Foram identificadas 16 publicações e possibilitaram analisar a experiência da família no cuidado domiciliário, mostrando sua crescente inclusão e busca por apoio. A família encara o câncer como ameaça a vida, o impacto do cuidado e a importância da espiritualidade no enfrentamento foram apontados. Portanto, prover suporte a família é fundamental para melhorar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes com câncer. Descritores: Assistência domiciliar; Neoplasias; Família; Enfermagem familiar.
Reliability of the Radiological Assessments of Radiolucency and Loosening in Total Hip Arthroplasty Using Pacs
Authors: Smith Toby O. , Williams Timothy H.D. , Samuel Arjun , Ogonda Luke , Wimhurst James A. 
Published: September 2011

We evaluated the reliability of three commonly used radiological assessments of total hip arthroplasty (THA) using the electronic picture archiving and communications system (PACS). Thirty-three patients were selected at random at a mean of 7.2 years after THA. The Barrack, Gruen and Hodgkinson evaluations of cementing quality, loosening/radiolucency were graded. Three observers assessed each radiograph (one consultant orthopaedic surgeon, one senior orthopaedic registrar and one senior house officer). Four weeks after the initial assessment, each radiograph was reviewed a second time. The findings indicated that the intra- and inter-observer reliability of the Barrack, Gruen and Hodgkinson methods were questionable. Inter-observer reliability using the Gruen system was poor, using the Barrack system it was moderate to good, and fair to good using the Hodgkinson assessment. Intra-observer reliability was moderate to good for Barrack assessment, poor to good using Gruen zone assessments, but good to very good for the Hodgkinson assessment. The use of Barrack, Gruen and Hodgkinson assessments to evaluate femoral and acetabular loosening should be questioned since these exhibit limited inter- and intra-observer reliability on PACS radiographs, but of the three, the Hodgkinson system is the most reliable.
Age of Acquisition in Sport: Starting Early Matters
Authors: Hernandez Arturo E. , Mattarella-Micke Andrew , Redding Richard W. T. , Woods Elizabeth A. , Beilock Sian 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
Although the age at which a skill is learned (age of acquisition [AoA]) is one of the most studied predictors of success in domains ranging from language to music, very little work has focused on this factor in sports. In order to uncover how the age at which a skill is learned relates to how athletes cognitively represent that skill, we asked a group of skilled golfers who learned to play golf before (early learners) or after (late learners) the age of 10 to take a series of putts on an indoor putting green. Golfers putted in isolation (single-task condition), while monitoring a stream of words presented over a loudspeaker (dual-task condition), or while being instructed to attend to specific aspects of their golf swing (skill-focused condition). Early and late learners putted equally well in the single-task and dual-task conditions. However, in the skill-focused condition, golfers who learned earlier performed worse than those who learned later. The results are consistent with the notion that AoA influences the manner in which sports, like other domains such as language and music, are represented in memory.
Effects of Emotional Arousal on Memory Binding in Normal Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Nashiro Kaoru , Mather Mara 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
Previous research suggests that associative memory declines in normal aging and is severely affected by Alzheimer’s disease (AD); however, it is unclear whether and how this deficit can be minimized. The present study investigated whether emotional arousal improves associative memory in healthy younger and older adults and patients with probable AD. We examined the effect of arousal on memory for item–location associations. Arousal improved memory for item location similarly across the three groups, whereas valence had no effect in any groups. Overall, our results suggest that arousal has beneficial effects on associative memory in healthy older adults and patients with AD, as previously observed in younger adults.