bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Modified Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score for Critical Care Triage
Authors: Grissom Colin K. , Brown Samuel M. , Kuttler Kathryn G. , Boltax Jonathan P. , Jones Jason , Jephson Al R. , Orme James F. 
Published: December 2010

ABSTRACTObjective: The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score has been recommended for triage during a mass influx of critically ill patients, but it requires laboratory measurement of 4 parameters, which may be impractical with constrained resources. We hypothesized that a modified SOFA (MSOFA) score that requires only 1 laboratory measurement would predict patient outcome as effectively as the SOFA score.Methods: After a retrospective derivation in a prospective observational study in a 24-bed medical, surgical, and trauma intensive care unit, we determined serial SOFA and MSOFA scores on all patients admitted during the 2008 calendar year and compared the ability to predict mortality and the need for mechanical ventilation.Results: A total of 1770 patients (56% male patients) with a 30-day mortality of 10.5% were included in the study. Day 1 SOFA and MSOFA scores performed equally well at predicting mortality with an area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) of 0.83 (95% confidence interval 0.81-.85) and 0.84 (95% confidence interval 0.82-.85), respectively (P = .33 for comparison). Day 3 SOFA and MSOFA predicted mortality for the 828 patients remaining in the intensive care unit with an AUC of 0.78 and 0.79, respectively. Day 5 scores performed less well at predicting mortality. Day 1 SOFA and MSOFA predicted the need for mechanical ventilation on day 3, with an AUC of 0.83 and 0.82, respectively. Mortality for the highest category of SOFA and MSOFA score (>11 points) was 53% and 58%, respectively.Conclusions: The MSOFA predicts mortality as well as the SOFA and is easier to implement in resource-constrained settings, but using either score as a triage tool would exclude many patients who would otherwise survive.(Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2010;4:277-284)
Iridium‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Hydrogenation of Cyclic Imines
Authors: Chang Mingxin , Li Wei , Hou Guohua , Zhang Xumu 
Published: December 2010

AbstractA catalytic complex made from [Ir(COD)Cl]2 [di‐μ‐chloro‐bis(1,5‐cyclooctadiene)diiridium(I)] precursor and (S,S)‐f‐Binaphane ((R,R)‐1,1′‐bis{(R)‐4,5‐dihydro‐3H‐dinaphtho[1,2‐c:2′,1′‐e]phosphepino}ferrocene) ligand effectively catalyzed the enantioselective hydrogenation of cyclic imines with high reactivity and good enantioselectivity.
Trimethylchlorosilane and Silicon Tetrachloride in Two Novel Methodologies for the Efficient and Mild Aldol Addition of β‐Keto Esters and Malonates to Aldehydes
Authors: Massa Antonio , Roscigno Ada , De Caprariis Paolo , Filosa Rosanna , Di Mola Antonia 
Published: December 2010

AbstractEfficient and mild aldol additions of β‐keto esters and malonates to aldehydes are described using two novel protocols in the presence of silicon tetrachloride and trimethylchlorosilane, respectively. Scope and limitations of the methods have been discussed. Moreover the stability of the obtained products, trimethylsilyl protection of the hydroxy group, as well as the role of both silicon tetrachloride and trimethylchlorosilane in attaining the final products have been analyzed.
Stereocontrolled Construction of Quaternary Stereocenters by Inter‐ and Intramolecular Nitro‐Michael Additions Catalyzed by Bifunctional Thioureas
Authors: Manzano Rubén , Andrés José M. , Muruzábal María D. , Pedrosa Rafael 
Published: December 2010

AbstractA highly diastereo‐ and enantioselective conjugate addition of β‐keto esters to nitroolefins, catalyzed by a chiral thiourea prepared from L‐valine is described. The formation of two contiguous tertiary and quaternary stereocenters occurs in high yield and excellent diastereo‐ and enantioselection with only 2 mol% of catalyst loading. The reaction is general and different β‐keto esters and aryl‐ and alkylnitroolefins have been tested. The same catalyst has been used to promote the first intramolecular conjugate addition leading to the cyclic adduct in moderate diastereoselectivity and good enantioselectivity.
Brønsted Base‐Catalyzed Tandem Isomerization–Michael Reactions of Alkynes: Synthesis of Oxacycles and Azacycles
Authors: Liu Hongjun , Feng Wei , Kee Choon Wee , Leow Dasheng , Loh Wei‐Tian , Tan Choon‐Hong 
Published: December 2010

AbstractAn efficient synthesis of oxacycles and azacycles was developed using a Brønsted base‐catalyzed tandem alkyne isomerization–Michael reaction sequence. Functionalized 2‐alkylidenetetrahydrofurans were prepared by an intramolecular oxy‐Michael reaction on an allene that was generated in situ from an alkynoate. The aza‐Michael version using alkynylamines, alkynylamides and alkynyl carbamates led to piperidines, lactams and oxazolidinones, respectively. An enantioselective version of this reaction resulted in an axially chiral lactam with high enantioselectivity. Some alkynes, however, were unable to complete the intramolecular Michael reactions and provided enantioenriched allenes.
Novel Amido‐Complexes for the Efficient Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Imines
Authors: Kutlescha Kathrin , Irrgang Torsten , Kempe Rhett 
Published: December 2010

AbstractNovel N,N,P ligand stabilized rhodium complexes exhibiting high activities and enantioselectivities in the asymmetric hydrogenation of N‐aryl imines are introduced. The ligands were synthesized from inexpensive starting materials and their modular design allows for the introduction of a broad variety of substitution patterns. Additionally, a rather low catalyst loading could be employed.
Evaluation and fabrication of pore‐size‐tuned silica membranes with tetraethoxydimethyl disiloxane for gas separation
Authors: Lee Hye Ryeon , Kanezashi Masakoto , Shimomura Yoshihiro , Yoshioka Tomohisa , Tsuru Toshinori 
Published: December 2010

AbstractOrganic/inorganic hybrid silica membranes were prepared from 1,1,3,3‐tetraethoxy‐1,3‐dimethyl disiloxane (TEDMDS) by the sol‐gel technique with firing at 300–550°C in N2. TEDMDS‐derived silica membranes showed high H2 permeance (0.3–1.1 × 10−6 mol m−2 s−1 Pa−1) with low H2/N2 (∼10) and high H2/SF6 (∼1200) perm‐selectivity, confirming successful tuning of micropore sizes larger than TEOS‐derived silica membranes. TEDMDS‐derived silica membranes prepared at 550°C in N2 increased gas permeances as well as pore sizes after air exposure at 450°C. TEDMDS had an advantage in tuning pore size by the “template” and “spacer” techniques, due to the pyrolysis of methyl groups in air and SiOSi bonding, respectively. For pore size evaluation of microporous membranes, normalized Knudsen‐based permeance, which was proposed based on the gas translation model and verified with permeance of zeolite membranes, reveals that pore sizes of TEDMDS membranes were successfully tuned in the range of 0.6–1.0 nm. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2011
Retinoid signaling in inner ear development: A “Goldilocks” phenomenon
Authors: Frenz Dorothy A. , Liu Wei , Cvekl Ales , Xie Qing , Wassef Lesley , Quadro Loredana , Niederreither Karen , Maconochie Mark , Shanske Alan 
Published: December 2010

AbstractRetinoic acid (RA) is a biologically active derivative of vitamin A that is indispensable for inner ear development. The normal function of RA is achieved only at optimal homeostatic concentrations, with an excess or deficiency in RA leading to inner ear dysmorphogenesis. We present an overview of the role of RA in the developing mammalian inner ear, discussing both how and when RA may act to critically control a program of inner ear development. Molecular mechanisms of otic teratogenicity involving two members of the fibroblast growth factor family, FGF3 and FGF10, and their downstream targets, Dlx5 and Dlx6, are examined under conditions of both RA excess and deficiency. We term the effect of too little or too much RA on FGF/Dlx signaling a Goldilocks phenomenon. We demonstrate that in each case (RA excess, RA deficiency), RA can directly affect FGF3/FGF10 signaling within the otic epithelium, leading to downregulated expression of these essential signaling molecules, which in turn, leads to diminution in Dlx5/Dlx6 expression. Non‐cell autonomous affects of the otic epithelium subsequently occur, altering transforming growth factor‐beta (TGFβ) expression in the neighboring periotic mesenchyme and serving as a putative explanation for RA‐mediated otic capsule defects. We conclude that RA coordinates inner ear morphogenesis by controlling an FGF/Dlx signaling cascade, whose perturbation by deviations in local retinoid concentrations can lead to inner ear dysmorphogenesis. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Familial Ohtahara syndrome due to a novel ARX gene mutation
Authors: Giordano L. , Sartori S. , Russo S. , Accorsi P. , Galli J. , Tiberti A. , Bettella E. , Marchi M. , Vignoli A. , Darra F. , Murgia A. , Bernardina B. Dalla 
Published: December 2010

AbstractRecently, it has been reported that longer expansions of the polyalanine tract of the ARX gene could cause an early infantile encephalopathy with suppression burst pattern and that the length of this repeat region could be related to the severity of the electroclinical picture. We describe the history of two male individuals, born from monozygotic twin sisters, with Ohtahara syndrome (OS) that evolved into West syndrome phenotype and epileptic encephalopathy. In both children, we have found a previously unreported missense mutation in exon 5 of ARX gene (c.1604T>A) resulting in the substitution of a leucine with a glutamine in the aminoacid sequence. The two mothers and the maternal grandmother carry the same mutation which segregates with the disease phenotype in the family. This study confirms that ARX is involved in the pathogenesis of cryptogenic early onset epileptic encephalopathy, such as OS, and suggests that the severity of the electroclinical picture is likely to not exclusively correlate with the extent of expansions of the polyalanine tracts, but rather with the functional effect of different pathogenetic mutations. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Siblings with phenotypic overlap with Toriello–Carey syndrome and complex cytogenetic imbalances including 3q29 microduplication and 6p25 microdeletion: Review of the literature and additional evidence for genetic heterogeneity
Authors: McGoey Robin , Varma Aditi , Lacassie Yves 
Published: December 2010

AbstractToriello–Carey syndrome (TCS) is a multiple congenital anomaly syndrome of unknown etiopathogenesis with characteristic findings including corpus callosum defects, minor facial dysmorphisms, mental retardation, postnatal growth delays, cardiac defects, limb anomalies and genitourinary defects in affected males. This report describes two siblings with features of the TCS in whom array comparative genomic hybridization detected both a 3q29 microduplication as well as a 6p25 microdeletion due to an unbalanced translocation inherited from the father. Though neither microscopic copy number imbalance has been previously attributed to the TCS, this report supports the assertion that roughly 25% of patients with presumed TCS by phenotype may harbor underlying cytogenetic aberrations. Further, this report maintains that, until the specific causative gene is identified, a diagnosis of TCS be reserved for those patients who have not only the salient clinical features but also normal genetic studies that should include microarray. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Donepezil for treatment of cognitive dysfunction in children with Down syndrome aged 10–17
Authors: Kishnani Priya S. , Heller James H. , Spiridigliozzi Gail A. , Lott Ira , Escobar Luis , Richardson Sharon , Zhang Richard , McRae Thomas 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe objective of this 10‐week, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled multicenter study was to assess the efficacy and safety of donepezil for the treatment of cognitive dysfunction exhibited by children with Down syndrome (DS). Intervention comprised donepezil (2.5–10 mg/day) in children (aged 10–17 years) with DS of mild‐to‐moderate severity. The primary measures were the Vineland‐II Adaptive Behavior Scales (VABS‐II) Parent/Caregiver Rating Form (PCRF) the sum of nine subdomain standardized scores and standard safety measures. Secondary measures included the VABS‐II/PCRF scores on the following domains and their respective individual subdomains: Communication (receptive, expressive, and written); Daily Living Skills (personal, domestic, and community); Socialization (interpersonal relationships, play and leisure time, and coping skills), and scores on the Test of Verbal Expression and Reasoning, a subject‐performance‐based measure of expressive language. At baseline, 129 participants were assigned treatment with donepezil or placebo. During the double‐blind phase, VABS II/PCRF sum of the nine subdomain standardized scores, called v‐scores, improved significantly from baseline in both groups (P < 0.0001), with no significant between‐group differences. This trial failed to demonstrate any benefit for donepezil versus placebo in children and adolescents with DS, although donepezil appeared to be well tolerated. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Influence of different sterilization procedures on the morphological parameters and mechanical properties of ultra‐high‐molecular‐weight polyethylene
Authors: Archodoulaki V.‐M. , Koch T. , Rodriguez A. , Seidler S. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe objectives of this study were to examine the effects of the processing conditions, sterilization, and thermal treatment on the morphological and mechanical properties of ultra‐high‐molecular‐weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) in medical applications by means of thermal analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and nanoindentation. It is well known that manufacturing, irradiation, and thermal treatments significantly alter the microstructure of materials, which results in changes in their mechanical properties. UHMWPE was found to be barely sensitive to processing conditions but strongly influenced by sterilization treatments. Great emphasis was given to the characterization of the so‐called first generation of highly crosslinked UHMWPE because the thermal history of this material differed from that of γ‐irradiated materials. The physical and mechanical properties of UHMWPE were influenced as a result of γ and electron‐beam irradiation and the remelting procedure. Lower crystallinity, different lamellar thickness distributions, and lower hardness and modulus values were estimated. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Varying Assay Geometry to Emulate Connective Tissue Planes in an In Vitro Model of Acupuncture Needling
Authors: Julias Margaret , Buettner Helen M. , Shreiber David I. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractDuring traditional acupuncture, fine needles are inserted subcutaneously and rotated, which causes loose fascial tissue to wind around the needle. This coupling is stronger at acupuncture points, which tend to fall above intermuscular fascial planes, than control points, which lay above skeletal muscle. These different anatomical constraints may affect the mechanical coupling. Fascia at acupuncture points is bounded on two sides by skeletal muscle, but at control points is essentially unbounded. These differences were approximated in simple in vitro models. To emulate the narrower boundary within the intermuscular plane, type I collagen was cast in circular gels of different radii. To model the channel‐like nature of these planes, collagen was cast in elliptical gels with major and minor axes matching the large and small circular gels, respectively, and in planar gels constrained on two sides. Acupuncture needles were inserted into the gels and rotated via a computer‐controlled motor while capturing the evolution of fiber alignment under cross‐polarization. Small circular gels aligned faster, but failed earlier than large circular gels. Rotation in elliptical and planar gels generated more alignment‐per‐revolution than circular gels. Planar gels were particularly resistant to failure. Fiber alignment in circular gels was isotropic, but was stronger in the direction of the minor axis in elliptical and planar gels. In fibroblast‐populated gels, cells followed the alignment of the collagen fibers, and also became denser in regions of stronger alignment. These results suggest that the anatomy at acupuncture points provides unique boundaries that accentuate the mechanical response to needle manipulation. Anat Rec, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Formation of Neuromuscular Junction‐Like Structure Between Primary Sensory Terminals and Skeletal Muscle Cells in Vitro
Authors: Liu Huaxiang , Wang Lihong , Li Hao , Liu Zhen , Wang Huaijing , Li Zhenzhong 
Published: December 2010

AbstractSensory nerve cross‐anastomosis provides a modified trophic environment by modulating neurotrophic factor synthesis in muscle. Target tissues contribute to the phenotype and function of sensory neurons. Whether formation of neuromuscular junction (NMJ)‐like structure between sensory neurons and skeletal muscle (SKM) cells in vitro remains unknown. In this study, a neuromuscular coculture model of dissociated dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons and SKM cells was established. The relationship between DRG neurons and SKM cells was observed by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that: (1) DRG neuronal axons frequently terminated on or adhered to the SKM cells; (2) the crossing axons adhered to each other, hence displacement of the terminal axons on the contracting SKM cells would also oscillate the proximally crossing axonal network; (3) the configurations of the axon terminal observed by SEM were variable in different culture conditions; (4) the enlarged nerve endings terminated on the surface of SKM cells which formed NMJ‐like structure. These results offered new clues for a better understanding of the relationship between sensory neurons and SKM cells. Anat Rec, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Lectins as a Tool for Detecting Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells in the Adult Mouse Brain
Authors: Kitada Masaaki , Kuroda Yasumasa , Dezawa Mari 
Published: December 2010

AbstractGlycoconjugates are biopolymers that are broadly distributed in the central nervous system, including the cell surface of neural stem cells or neural precursor cells (NSCs/NPCs). Glycoconjugates can be recognized by carbohydrate‐binding proteins, lectins. Two lectins, Phaseolus vulgaris lectin agglutinin E‐form (PHA‐E4) and wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) have been reported to be useful in isolating NSCs/NPCs by fluorescence‐activated cell sorting (FACS) or immunopanning methods. In this study, we analyzed the lectin‐binding properties of NSCs/NPCs in two neurogenic regions of the adult mouse brain to determine whether PHA‐E4 and WGA exhibit specific binding patterns on sections and whether there are other lectins presenting the binding pattern similar to those of PHA‐E4 and WGA in lectin histochemistry. Among nine types of lectins, peanut agglutinin was localized to the white matter and four lectins bound to cells within the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricle. Lectin histochemistry combined with immunohistochemistry demonstrated that one lectin, Ricinus communis agglutinin, specifically detected type A neuronal precursors and that the remaining three lectins, Agaricus bisporus agglutinin (ABA), PHA‐E4, and WGA, recognized type B NSCs and type C transient amplifying cells in the SVZ. These three lectins also recognized type 1 quiescent neural progenitors and type 2a amplifying neural progenitors in the subgranular layer of the dentate gyrus. Lectin histochemistry of the neurosphere culture also yielded similar results. These observations suggest that, in addition to PHA‐E4 and WGA, ABA lectin may also be applicable in FACS or immunopanning for the isolation of NSCs/NPCs. Anat Rec, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Multiple Analyte Response and Molecular Logic Operations by Excited‐State Charge‐Transfer Modulation in a Bipyridine Integrated Fluorophore
Authors: Sreejith Sivaramapanicker , Divya Kizhumuri P. , Manojkumar T. K. , Ajayaghosh Ayyappanpillai 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe tunable excited‐state properties of a new donor–π‐acceptor–π‐donor‐type fluorophore 1 with a bipyridyl moiety and its ability to respond to different analytes in solution and on paper microchannels are described. Furthermore, the multiple analyte response of fluorophore 1 has been exploited to perform multiple logic operations. Molecule 1, by virtue of its excited‐state charge transfer, exhibits solvatochromism and reversible modulation of its emission in response to multiple chemical inputs, thus resulting in different fluorescent signals. The intraligand charge‐transfer (ILCT) emission of 1 at 574 nm has been modulated to three emission outputs by using different chemical inputs, such as Zn2+, H+, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). Thus, different logic operations such as AND, 2‐input‐INH, 3‐input‐INH, IMP, and a combination of these logic operations could be achieved.
Engineered Synthetic Virus‐Like Particles and Their Use in Vaccine Delivery
Authors: Ghasparian Arin , Riedel Tina , Koomullil Jimy , Moehle Kerstin , Gorba Christian , Svergun Dmitri I. , Perriman Adam W. , Mann Stephen , Tamborrini Marco , Pluschke Gerd , Robinson John A. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractEngineered nanoparticles have been designed based on the self‐assembling properties of synthetic coiled‐coil lipopeptide building blocks. The presence of an isoleucine zipper within the lipopeptide together with the aggregating effects of an N‐terminal lipid drives formation of 20–25 nm nanoparticles in solution. Biophysical studies support a model in which the lipid is buried in the centre of the nanoparticle, with 20–30 trimeric helical coiled‐coil bundles radiating out into solution. A promiscuous T‐helper epitope and a synthetic B‐cell epitope mimetic derived from the circumsporozoite protein of Plasmodium falciparum have been linked to each lipopeptide chain, with the result that 60–90 copies of each antigen are displayed over the surface of the nanoparticle. These nanoparticles elicit strong humoral immune responses in mice and rabbits, including antibodies able to cross‐react with the parasite, thereby, supporting the potential value of this delivery system in synthetic vaccine design.
Acute coronary occlusion following TAVI
Authors: Gogas Bill D. , Zacharoulis Achilleas A. , Antoniadis Aias G. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractTranscatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has nowadays replaced open heart surgery as an alternative therapeutic tool in selected patients. Thirty‐five percent of patients with severe degenerative aortic valve stenosis (AS) remain untreated because of the existing comorbidities that increase their perioperative risk. TAVI is a relatively new technique that has “come to stay” in the everyday clinical practice considering, that is the only alternative to surgery and appears to have excellent long term results. Herein, we describe a vascular complication immediately after the implantation of the Edwards SAPIEN (Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, CA) prosthesis, followed by ad hoc percutaneous coronary intervention. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Recurrent popliteal endoprosthesis thrombosis secondary to extrinsic compression
Authors: Bergen Edward , Bailey Steven R. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractEndovascular intervention to exclude popliteal artery aneurysms (PAA) achieves results comparable to surgical intervention with less associated morbidity and mortality. However, the biomechanical forces inherent to this region pose unique impediments that can limit successful endovascular exclusion. Herein, we present a case of recurrent thrombotic occlusion of a PAA endoprosthesis secondary to dynamic extrinsic compression from the excluded PAA in the absence of an endoleak. Multimodality imaging proved vital in elucidating this novel etiology and enabled an appropriate definitive intervention. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.