bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Credit Card Fraud Detection using GAN and Feature Engineering
Authors: C Afeef Ashraf , Ali Ajaz , D Anand , I Shabiya M , Paul Rini T 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Credit card fraud is a prevalent financial crime thatcauses substantial losses to individuals and financial institutions.Traditional fraud detection methods often rely on rule-basedsystems or supervised machine learning algorithms, which maynot be effective in detecting novel or evolving fraudulent patterns.This project proposes a novel approach for credit card frauddetection using a generative adversarial network (GAN) togenerate synthetic fraudulent transactions, feature engineeringtechniques to extract relevant features from the transactiondata, and anomaly detection methods to identify fraudulenttransactions based on their deviation from normal patterns. Theproposed approach involves three main phases: data prepara-tion and feature engineering, GAN-based data balancing, andanomaly detection. Experimental results demonstrate that theproposed approach outperforms traditional fraud detection meth-ods, achieving higher accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score inidentifying fraudulent transactions. Additionally, the approach ismore robust to changes in the underlying data distribution andcan effectively detect novel or evolving fraudulent patterns.
Examination of flow birefringence induced by the shear components along the optical axis using a parallel-plate-type rheometer
Authors: Worby William Kai Alexander , Nakamine Kento , Yokoyama Yuto , Muto Masakazu , Tagawa Yoshiyuki 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

In this study, the concept of rheo-optics is applied that explores the flow birefringence caused by stress components along the optical axis of the camera since it is often overlooked in the traditional theories of photoelastic flow measurement. A novel aspect of this research is that it involved conducting polarization measurements on simple shear flows, specifically from a perspective in which a shear-velocity gradient exists along the camera's optical axis. A parallel-plate-type rheometer and a polarization camera are employed for these systematic measurements. The experimental findings for dilute aqueous cellulose nanocrystal suspensions demonstrates that the flow birefringence can be expressed as a power law based on the power of the second invariant of the deformation-rate tensor. This suggests that flow birefringence can be universally characterized by the coordinate-independent invariants and a pre-factor determined by the direction of polarization measurement. By adjusting the nonlinear term in the stress-optic law, its applicability could be expanded to include three-dimensional fluid stress fields in which the stress is distributed along the camera's optical axis.
Hydrogeochemical characteristics and nitrate distribution in groundwater in Weibei Plain, Northern China
Authors: Shi Long , Wu Chu , Pan Shibing , Wang Nan , Chen Weifan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Nitrate pollution in groundwater has become an issue that cannot be overlooked, specifically in areas where there is intense agricultural groundwater extraction. This study focuses on the Weibei Plain, where 46 shallow groundwater monitoring wells were selected for sampling during the dry and wet seasons in 2016 and 2021. The purpose of this study was to analyze the regional groundwater hydrogeochemistry and investigate the temporal or spatial variation of nitrate content. The results demonstrated that the groundwater in the study area had a weakly alkaline nature. The hydrochemical composition of the groundwater shifted from being dominated by HCO3-Ca-Mg in 2016 to HCO3-Na and SO4-Cl-Ca-Mg in 2021. The hydrochemical characteristics were predominantly impacted by both rock weathering and cation exchange. The average concentration of nitrate in the 184 samples was 25.93 mg/L, surpassing the drinking water limit of 20 mg/L. A significant correlation was observed between NO3- and Cl- as well as SO42-. The areas with high nitrate concentrations were predominantly located in the groundwater depression cone and regions with intensive agricultural activities, indicating that human activities were the main contributors to nitrate pollution. Furthermore, the nitrate concentration was significantly higher during the wet season compared to the dry season. This could be attributed to rainfall intensifying the infiltration of nitrate from the soil into the groundwater. Furthermore, there was a substantial increase in nitrate concentration in 2021 compared to 2016. This increase was primarily ascribed to the excessive exploitation of groundwater for irrigated agriculture, leading to a considerable influx of nitrate into the groundwater.
Nuclear ribosomal transcription units in Asian Paragonimus species (Paragonimidae: Platyhelminthes): structure, polymorphism, and implications for intersubordal phylogeny
Authors: Nguyen Khue Thi , Doan Huong Thi Thanh , Pham Khanh Linh Thi , Roan Do Thi , Agatsuma Takeshi , Doanh Pham Ngoc , Le Thanh Hoa 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The complete coding sequences (from the 5’ terminus of 18S to the 3’ terminus of 28S rRNA genes) of ribosomal transcription units (designated as rTU*) of seven strains of five Asian Paragonimus species, excluding the unsequenced flanking ETS and IGS regions, were genetically characterized. The rTU* length was 7,661 bp for P. heterotremus (LC strain, Vietnam), 7,543 bp for P. iloktsuenensis (Amami strain, Japan), 6,932 bp for P. skrjabini miyazakii (OkuST1 strain, Japan), 7,422 bp for P. ohirai (Kino strain, Japan), and 8,616 bp (Megha strain, India), 7,292 bp (Bogil strain, South Korea), and 7,052 bp (QT2 strain, Vietnam) for P. westermani geographical samples, respectively. All Paragonimus strains' rRNA genes were equal in length: 1,977 bp for 18S, 160 bp for 5.8S, and 3,881 bp for 28S, except for P. s. miyazakii’s 18S rRNA gene, which was 1,974 bp. The ITS2 region in all Paragonimus species was 283 − 285 bp. The ITS1 lengths varied from 634 bp (P. s. miyazakii) to 2,313 bp (Indian P. westermani, Megha strain) due to the presence of tandem repeats, except P. s. miyazakii. The structural polymorphism in ITS1 is defined by the existence of 120 bp- or 121 bp-repeat units. The ITS1 and ITS2 sequences were capable of forming de novo “hairpin” (or stem-loop) and “loop” secondary structures, and the ITS2 shared a characteristic “four fingers” motif, which is likely conserved in trematodes. The base composition of A, T, G, and C, as well as skewness values of AT and GC content for 18S, 28S, 18S + 28S, and rTU*, indicated that T, A, and C were used equally frequently, with G being more common than C. These usages resulted in low negative AT-skew and low positive GC-skew. The PhyML software package was used to construct a comprehensive maximum-likelihood phylogeny from the alignment of 161 sequences of 28S D1 − D3 rDNA (1.1–1.3 kb) from 101 species of 62 genera and 23 families. Of these, 75 sequences came from 18 species of 6 genera from the suborder Troglotremata (previously, Troglotrematoidea). The phylogenetic tree clearly showed a well-supported phylogeny and clarified relationships within Paragonimidae as well as between families within the Troglotremata and Xiphidiata, Echinostomata, and Haplosplanchnata suborders, where Paragonimidae is monophyletic. There were two significant clusters: one was mixed-Paragonimus with a very tight group of P. heterotremus strains, and the other was P. westermani/siamensis, which was seperated into eight geographical/country strain groupings. Xiphidiata appears to be polyphyletic. The ribosomal datasets presented here will be valuable for taxonomic reappraisal as well as evolutionary and population genetics studies in the superfamily Troglotrematoidea (or suborder Troglotremata).
Biomechanical comparison of radiopalmar double plating with conventional palmar plating in comminuted distal radius fractures
Authors: Jäger Conrad-Friedrich , Spiegel Christian , Kohler Felix Christian , Kielstein Heike , Zderic Ivan , Gueorguiev-Rüegg Boyko , Hofmann Gunther , Lenz Mark , Weschenfelder Wolfram 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Purpose The aim of this study is to analyse the effect of an additional radial buttress plate for palmar plate osteosynthesis in an AO/OTA 2R3 C2.1 fracture model.Methods Nine pairs of fresh-frozen radii were examined for pathology and bone density and assigned pairwise to 2 groups. Palmar fixation was performed with a variable-angle palmar locking plate in one of the groups and supplemented with a radial buttress plate in the other. An AO/OTA 2R3 C2.1 fracture was created. Biomechanical testing was conducted using an established protocol including. Stiffness, range of motion, and individual fragment movements and rotations were evaluated.Results No implant failure was observed. Among all specimens, stiffness increased (p < 0.01) and overall range of motion decreased (p = 0.02). The mobility of the ulnar fragment to the shaft during cyclic testing was smaller with double plating, initially and finally (p ≤ 0.01). Fragment movements increased in the course of testing and were significant for the radial movement among all specimens (p < 0.01). The initial rotation of the ulnar fragment and the final rotation of the radial fragment in relation to the shaft were lower with double plating (p ≤ = 0.05). There was an increase in rotation of the ulnar fragment to the shaft of all radii during cyclic testing (p = 0.048) and the rotation of the ulnar fragment to the shaft was lower than that of the radial fragment (p < 0.02).Conclusion Biomechanically, the radial buttress plate in addition to a common palmar locking plate demonstrated an advantage in the fixation of comminuted distal radius fractures.
Educational Environment Perception in Last Year Medical Students at Pontificia Universidad Católica Del Ecuador a Descriptive Study
Authors: Salazar-Erazo Fabian , Salazar-Erazo Carolina , Alvear-Duran Susana , Sanchez-del-Hierro Galo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background: Education represents a challenge for higher education institutions: making students see the value of solving real-world problems and encouraging them to learn independently. This means creating situations such as those students might encounter in their careers. Students will be subject to an educational environment that certainly influences their perception, triggering feelings of motivation and satisfaction. Since these feelings can improve learning, it is important to understand how students perceive their educational environment, enabling universities to proactively address their needs and concerns.Methods: The Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM) scale is a validated tool for measuring the educational environment used in various universities. This scale provides an objective assessment of each student's individual perception. The scale was applied to 110 students who responded to the survey virtually in the first period of 2022, describing the mean, median and mode along with the total on the scales. Additionally, the SCIMAGO ranking in 2022 was used for comparative purposes among different universities worldwide.Results The consolidated scores of the subscales show that learning perception was 26.25/48 (54.68%), teacher perception was 23.15/44 (52.61%), academic self-perception was 19.6/32 (61.25%), atmosphere perception was 24.92/48 (51.91%), social self-perception was 14.91/28 (53.25%), and the total score was 108.81/200. This global score represents 54.4%, which is low compared with the scores reached from other universities in the same ranking.Conclusions The educational environment is fundamental for the development of students. At this university, there is a slightly more positive than negative perception according to the lower limits set. It is necessary to pay attention and focus efforts to correct in the three categories where a good score was not obtained: perception of teachers, atmosphere perception, and social perception.
Sentiment Analysis of Movie Review Using Deep Learning Techniques
Authors: Solanki Sweta , Trivedi Krutika 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Text mining is a process of identifying meaningful information from text-based data. A large amount of data in the form of reviews and tweets is available on the web. It is difficult to manually read these reviews and assign sentiments to them; therefore, an automated system can be created that analyses the text and extracts user precepts. In this system, sentiment analysis is performed on collected restaurant reviews. The implemented system performs sentiment analysis on the available restaurant review data. This result can provide an opinion that is positive or negative. In the baseline system, we demonstrate two different feature extraction techniques. First, the bag-of-words model is used for feature extraction. The second technique used was the term frequency-inverse document frequency scores. We examined the effectiveness of several N-gram ranges using the naïve Bayes classifier. We analyze the results of the baseline system and the scope of improvement in the results using the word embedding technique. The CNN model efficiently extracts higher level features using convolutional layers and max pooling layers. The LSTM model is capable of capturing long-term dependencies between word sequences. We propose a hybrid model using LSTM and a CNN model, named the Hybrid CNN-LSTM Model, to overcome the sentiment analysis problem. We obtained improved accuracy for sentiment analysis on the IMDB movie review dataset.
Disruption of the Circadian Rhythm Is Exacerbated by Aging and Ameliorated by Time- restricted Feeding
Authors: Huo Fengjiao , Liu Qing , Lv Shuyao , Liu Yue , Zhu Xiaoqi , Huang Ce , Feng Shengyu , Wang Hao , Xu Siling , Shen Junyan , Gao Jiaming , Su Tingting , Wu Yating , Jiang Ruichan , Zhu Jian-Kang , Liu Hailiang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background: Circadian rhythms exist across species, and circadian rhythm disorder (CRD) occurs in people of all ages and is prevalent in those with age-related neurodegenerative diseases. The gut microbiota changes with age and a significant proportion of gut microbes show circadian rhythms in their homeostasis. Dysregulation of gut microbial homeostasis is likewise a neurodegenerative disease trigger.
Results: In this study, to investigate the relationship between aging, CRD, and the gut microbes, we created a model of CRD by controlling the light/dark cycle, and found that aging aggravated their cognitive impairment and mood disorders. This was accompanied by a loss of gut microbial homeostasis, impairment of the intestinal barrier, and systemic inflammation in aged mice with CRD. The abnormal expression pattern of circadian genes underpin the age-related expression pattern of ifi27l2, thereby exacerbating oxidative stress. In addition, time-restricted feeding (TRF) ameliorated the negative effects of CRD in aged mice by enriching Akkermansia_muciniphilaand inhibiting the NOD-like signaling pathway.
Conclusion: Aged mice show more severe impairments in response to stress, likely due to inflammation from gut microbes and circadian gene dysregulation. Maintaining a regular eating schedule can help reduce these effects.
CTSC promotes tumorigenesis in bladder cancer by activating Wnt/β-Catenin signaling
Authors: Wang Xinsheng , Jia Yong , Wang Dawen 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Cathepsin C (CTSC) participates in the development of numerous cancers. The function of bladder cancer (BCa) is still largely unknown. Bioinformatics prediction, RT-qPCR assay, and Western blotting assay determined the level of expression of CTSC in BCa tissues, para-cancer tissues, BCa cells, and normal uroepithelial cells (SV-HUC-1). Colony formation assay, CCK-8 assay, and Transwell assay were utilized to ascertain the involvement of CTSC in BCa. In addition, the effect of CTSC on BCa was further studied by animal experiments in vivo. The findings affirmed that CTSC exhibited a heightened expression level in BCa cells and tissues, and the overexpression of CTSC substantially enhanced the activity, proliferation, migration, and invasion of BCa cells, while suppression of CTSC repressed the above biological phenotypes. CTSC could both activate the Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway and up-regulate DIAPH3 expression. Overexpression of CTSC combined with knockdown of DIAPH3 could partially reverse the impact of CTSC on the biological behavior of BCa cells and the Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway activation. CTSC could up-regulate DIAPH3 and activate the aforementioned pathway to enhance the activity, proliferation, migration, and invasion of cells from BCa.
Development of a Sorbitol Membraneless Alkaline Fuel Cell with AgMnO 2 /C and Ag/C Cathode Catalysts
Authors: Chaiburi Chakkrapong , Chayboonchoo Pintira , Dampat Supansa 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The primary aim of this study was to synthesize catalysts suitable for both the anode and cathode of sorbitol fuel cells. The catalysts investigated in this research included Ag/C, AgMnO2/C, and Pd/C. To begin the investigation, the physical properties of these catalysts were examined using SEM, EDS, and XRD techniques. The catalysts were found to have small, densely packed and lumpy particles, according to the results. The next phase of the study involved the use of cyclic voltammetry to evaluate the electrochemical properties of sorbitol oxidation in alkaline fuel cells. The Pd/C catalyst showed a maximum current density of 0.54 mA.cm− 2 at a sorbitol concentration of 0.1 M. In the reduction procedure, the Ag/C and AgMnO2/C catalysts were similarly evaluated using identical sorbitol solution concentration ratios in a 0.1 M alkaline KOH solution. Notably, the reduction reaction was hampered when the catalysts were diluted with sorbitol solution due to their oxidation resistance. In the evaluation of catalyst performance, it was found that the electrocatalysts with the Pd/C anode and AgMnO2/C cathode exhibited a higher power density than those with the Pd/C anode and Ag/C cathode. The AgMnO2/C catalyst was effective in facilitating the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and enhancing alkaline electrolyte solutions.
Under Voltage Control approach using CHI for Solar PV Integration in Grid
Authors: Sharma Pankaj Kumar , Singh Pushpendra , Choube S. C. , Titare L S 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The primary focus in managing voltage source converters (VSC) integrated with the grid during abnormal conditions lies in maintaining both voltage stability and power quality. This study introduces a novel control approach tailored for regulating solar photovoltaic (PV) systems connected to the grid using a Crosslink Harmonizer Integrator (CHI) Filter. The system adopts a double-stage three-phase topology. Its core objective is to ensure continuous power transmission from the PV system to the grid, even under diverse abnormal grid circumstances. Under normal operating conditions, power is supplied to the grid with a unity power factor (UPF). However, in the face of grid voltage fluctuations, the control scheme adjusts the Point of Common Coupling (PCC) voltage within specified limits by injecting reactive power. To maximize system utilization during periods of no PV generation, such as night time, the VSC and DC link capacitor serve as a Distribution Static Compensator (DSTATCOM). Notably, this approach maintains power quality without sacrificing traditional control techniques. The efficacy of the proposed control methodology is verified through MATLAB simulation. Furthermore, a comparative analysis against state-of-the-art techniques underscores the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.
Trends in the integration of medical corporation hospitals in Japan: a national wide longitudinal study between 2017 and 2021
Authors: Funada Satoshi , Luo Yan , Kato Hirotaka , Yoshioka Takashi , Uno Shunsuke , Honda Kimiko , Akune Yoko , Goto Rei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Medical corporations, which aim to operate hospitals, clinics, or long-term care facilities, account for more than half of all hospital beds and play a central role in the health care system in Japan. However, limited analysis of hospital integration has been performed. Examining the hospital integration trends of medical corporations can provide valuable insights for optimizing health care delivery and resource allocation in Japan. This study conducted a comprehensive analysis of trends in the hospital integration of medical corporations and market concentration in Japan using nationwide longitudinal data.
Methods
This longitudinal study evaluated the hospital integration of medical corporations in Japan between 2017 and 2021 using medical corporation financial data provided by the Neostage Company. The target population was medical corporations that own hospitals in Japan. The primary outcomes were the horizontal and vertical integration of medical corporation hospitals. Horizontal integration was defined as the integration of two or more hospitals within the same corporation, while vertical integration was defined as the integration of a hospital with different types of health care facilities, such as clinics or long-term care facilities, within a single medical corporation. The Herfindahl–Hirschman Index (HHI) was calculated to measure hospital market concentration using hospital bed data for medical corporations in all prefectures.
Results
The number of hospitals and hospital beds within medical corporations decreased from 5,670 and 848,174 in 2017 to 5,486 and 814,462 in 2021, respectively. Both horizontal and vertical integration among medical corporation facilities showed a gradual upward trend, increasing from 24.92% and 55.75% in 2017 to 26.92% and 59.42% in 2021, respectively. The mean (SD) HHI increased slightly from 262.7 (178.6) in 2017 to 275.2 (187.9) in 2021, with rural areas being more concentrated than urban areas, although both remained unconcentrated.
Conclusions
This longitudinal study revealed a gradual downward trend in the number of hospitals and hospital beds owned by medical corporations, while horizontal and vertical integration gradually progressed without any particular medical corporation dominating the market. These findings are expected to contribute to policy-making efforts aimed at providing optimal health care services in Japan.
Assessing the Impact of Big Data Analytics on Manufacturing Transformation Services in the Fourth Industrial Revolution
Authors: Younus Muhammad , Nurmandi Achmad , Mutiarin Dyah , Harisa Fabian Fadhlurrohman 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The invention of new technologies has enabled the development of the manufacturing industry, from mechanical systems to highly automated assembly lines. The Industry 4.0 Concept requires self-sufficient factories, self-prediction, self-comparison, self-reconfiguration, and self-maintenance. Service innovation and industrial big data are receiving more attention from academia and industry. This article discusses managing manufacturing transformation services in the era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 in the big data environment and the readiness of intelligent predictive informatics tools. This paper focuses on the basic concepts of Industry 4.0 and the current state of the manufacturing system. It also identifies research gaps between existing systems and Industry 4.0 requirements. The main contribution is the Industry 4.0 implementation structure, which consists of a multi-layered framework that can help people understand and achieve the requirements of Industry 4.0. The most cited members in this cluster are ten life cycles, eight construction industries, and eight learning systems. This study found that the number of publications on Big Data and Industry has increased overall in the last six years, with China being the most powerful country. It also found several other sub-topics related to Big Data and Industry, such as big data Analytics, Risk Management, and Industrial Revolution.