bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
YPSP01-13 - The Effects Of A Literary Workshop For Increase Assertivity In Patients With Eating Disorders: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Pingani L. , Arnone F. , Chierici M.L. , De Bernardis E. , Donelli S. , Ferrari S. , Zucchi G. , Turrini G. , Rigatelli M. 
Published: June 2010

IntroductionThe Social Skill Training is structured as a cognitive-behavioral therapy for rehabilitation plans whereby the patient can develop and recover social skills.AimTo verify the effects of a literary workshop for increase assertiveness in patients with eating disorders.MethodsThirty-two patients consequently admitted to the Ward for Eating Disorders at the Private Clinic “Villa Maria Luigia” in the North of Italy were recruited in the study, and all of them agreed to take part in it. Of the 32 patients, 8 were randomly assigned to treatment and 24 to care as usual, being the difference between treatment and care as usual only represented by the literary workshop. The Rathus Assertiveness Schedule and Verbal Fluency Test (phonemic and semantic) was administered to all patients in the first and last week of hospitalization. The literary workshop consists in 16 weekly 45-minute group sessions. Issues of expressiveness through the use of writing are addressed during the sessions.ResultsA significant improvement of semantic skills (t=-5.60; p< 0.01 vs. t=1.43; p=0.17), phonetic skills (t=-3.66; p< 0.01 vs. t=1.35; p=0.19) and assertiveness (t=4.47; p< 0.01 vs. t=0.94; p=0.93) was registered in the literary workshop group.ConclusionsEffectiveness of the literary workshop in a rehabilitation program for patients suffering from eating disorders is suggested: improved communication and language skills might have a positive and significant impact on patients’ levels of assertiveness.
P01-412 - Disulfiram And Cognitive Behavioral Therapy In Advance Treatment Of Alcoholism
Authors: Stankovic M. , Alcaz S. , Vucetic Arsic S. , Nikic M. , Pejic S. , Popovic R. , Jovanovic D. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesDisulfiram is an aversive medication that works by making the drinking of alcohol an unpleasant experience (FDA approved since 1951) and most study of understanding alcohol abuse and dependence are based on it. Also, the combined Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and disulfiram assurance treatment was substantially effective in patients with alcohol disorders.MethodsWe conducted 150 male patients range of age 20-60 and treated in Special Hospital on Addictions for 3 months period of time (inpatient setting).The recommended dose of disulfiram was 250 mg. All patients were diagnosis of alcohol dependence according the ICD-X, excluded psychosis and no one was unable to take disulfiram for medical reason. We used medical history of illness, psychiatric interview and semi structured CBT protocol for alcohol disorder and CBT sessions (2 sessions per week). Control group were 80 patients on disulfiram assurance therapy (alone).ResultsCBT plus disulfiram assurance (N=150): 93(62%) maintaining sobriety and absence of drinking for 3 months; 44 (29,33%) maintaining sobriety for 2 months and 13 (8,66%) absence of drinking only 1 - 1,5 month.Disulfiram assurance therapy alone (control group) (N=80): 41 (51,25%) maintaining sobriety of drinking for 3 months; 22 (27,5%) less than 3 months; 10 (12,5%) for 1,5 - 2 months and 7 patients (8,75%) drop-out after a week without no relevant or medical reasons.ConclusionsIn this paper was shown the high level of effectiveness for the CBT combined with disulfiram assurance therapy according the maintaining sobriety and absence of drinking.
L'invariant de Suslin en caractéristique positive
Authors: Wouters Tim 
Published: June 2010

RÉSUMÉPour unek-algèbre simple centraleAd'indice inversible dansk, Suslin a défini un invariant cohomologique deSK1(A) ‘Sus2’. Dans ce texte, nous généralisons cet invariant à toutek-algèbre simple centrale par un relèvement de la caractéristique positive à la caractéristique 0. Pour pouvoir définir cet invariant, on a besoin des groupes de cohomologie des différentielles logarithmiques de Kato [Kat1].
Idiosyncratic Risk, Long-Term Reversal, and Momentum
Authors: McLean R. David 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThis paper tests whether the persistence of the momentum and reversal effects is the result of idiosyncratic risk limiting arbitrage. Idiosyncratic risk deters arbitrage, regardless of the arbitrageur’s diversification. Reversal is prevalent only in high idiosyncratic risk stocks, suggesting that idiosyncratic risk limits arbitrage in reversal mispricing. This finding is robust to controls for transaction costs, informed trading, and systematic relations between idiosyncratic risk and subsequent returns. Momentum is not related to idiosyncratic risk. Momentum generates a smaller aggregate return than reversal, so the findings along with those in related studies suggest that transaction costs are sufficient to prevent arbitrageurs from eliminating momentum mispricing.
Estimating the Equity Premium
Authors: Donaldson R. Glen , Kamstra Mark J. , Kramer Lisa A. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractExisting empirical research investigating the size of the equity premium has largely consisted of a series of innovations around a common theme: producing a better estimate of the equity premium by using better data or a better estimation technique. The equity premium estimate that emerges from most of this work matches one moment of the data alone: the mean difference between an estimate of the return to holding equity and a risk-free rate. We instead match multiple moments of U.S. market data, exploiting the joint distribution of the dividend yield, return volatility, and realized excess returns, and find that the equity premium lies within 50 basis points of 3.5%, a range much narrower than was achieved in previous studies. Additionally, statistical tests based on the joint distribution of these moments reveal that only those models of the conditional equity premium that embed time variation, breaks, and/or trends are supported by the data. In order to develop the joint distribution of the dividend yield, return volatility, and excess returns, we need a model of price and return fundamentals. We document that even recently developed analytically tractable models that permit autocorrelated dividend growth rates and discount rates impose restrictions that are rejected by the data. We therefore turn to a wider range of models, requiring numerical solution methods and parameter estimation by the simulated method of moments.
Effect of an improved local ingredient-based complementary food fortified or not with iron and selected multiple micronutrients on Hb concentration
Authors: Ouédraogo Hermann Z , Traoré Tahirou , Zèba Augustin N , Dramaix-Wilmet Michèle , Hennart Philippe , Donnen Philippe 
Published: June 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the effect of an improved local ingredient-based gruel fortified or not with selected multiple micronutrients (MM) on Hb concentration of young children.DesignIn a nutrition centre that we opened in their villages, children received either MM supplement (containing iron, zinc, vitamin A, vitamin C and iodine) with the improved gruel (MMGG) or the improved gruel only (GG), twice daily, 6 d/week, for 6 months. We assessed baseline and endpoint Hb concentration and anthropometric indices.SettingKongoussi, a rural and poor district of Burkina Faso.SubjectsIn a community-based trial, we randomly assigned 131 children aged 6–23 months with Hb concentrations in the range of 80–109 g/l into two groups.ResultsThe groups did not differ significantly at baseline. Mean baseline Hb concentration was 89·2 (sd 6·5) g/l and 90·3 (sd 8·4) g/l in the GG and the MMGG, respectively (P = 0·42). It increased to 104·1 (sd 11·4) g/l in the GG (P < 0·001) and 107·6 (sd 14·7) g/l in the MMGG (P < 0·001). The between-group difference of 3·5 (95 % CI −1·0, 8·1) g/l in mean (sd) endpoint Hb concentration was not significant (P = 0·13). The endpoint anthropometric indices were not different between the groups.ConclusionsThis MM supplement had no additional effect on Hb concentration. Thorough studies are needed to evaluate the actual efficacy of the gruel before its introduction into household routine.
Frequent use of staff canteens is associated with unhealthy dietary habits and obesity in a Norwegian adult population
Authors: Kjøllesdal Marte Råberg , Holmboe-Ottesen Gerd , Wandel Margareta 
Published: June 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo explore socio-economic differences in use of staff canteens and whether frequent use of staff canteens is associated with different food patterns and obesity.DesignCross-sectional study using three self-administered questionnaires, two of them including food frequency questions. Factor analysis was used to explore food patterns.SettingOslo, Norway, 2000–2001.SubjectsIn total 8943 adult, working Oslo citizens.ResultsFrequent (≥3 times/week) use of staff canteens was most likely among men, younger workers and those in the highest education and income groups. However, after adjustment for demographic, socio-economic and lifestyle factors, those with highest education were least likely to use staff canteens frequently. Frequent eating in staff canteens was positively associated with a Western food pattern (based on fat-rich food, fast food and red meat) and inversely associated with a traditional food pattern (based on boiled potatoes and gravy, and less rice, pasta and oil) in multivariate analyses. Unadjusted, frequent eating in staff canteens was also inversely associated with a prudent food pattern (based on fruit, vegetables, fish, legumes and oil). The likelihood of being obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) increased significantly with frequent eating in staff canteens, also when adjusted for demographic and socio-economic variables. Adjustment for the food patterns attenuated this relationship, but it was still significant.ConclusionsFrequent eating in staff canteens was negatively related to socio-economic position and positively associated with unhealthy dietary habits. This partly explained higher odds for obesity among frequent users of staff canteens. Future research should assess the availability and food options of staff canteens.
ON A NONABELIAN BALOG–SZEMERÉDI-TYPE LEMMA
Authors: SANDERS TOM 
Published: June 2010

AbstractWe show that if G is a group and A⊂G is a finite set with ∣A2∣≤K∣A∣, then there is a symmetric neighbourhood of the identity S such that Sk⊂A2A−2 and ∣S∣≥exp (−KO(k))∣A∣.
Predicting global atmospheric ice nuclei distributions and their impacts on climate
Authors: DeMott P. J. , Prenni A. J. , Liu X. , Kreidenweis S. M. , Petters M. D. , Twohy C. H. , Richardson M. S. , Eidhammer T. , Rogers D. C. 
Published: June 2010

Knowledge of cloud and precipitation formation processes remains incomplete, yet global precipitation is predominantly produced by clouds containing the ice phase. Ice first forms in clouds warmer than -36 °C on particles termed ice nuclei. We combine observations from field studies over a 14-year period, from a variety of locations around the globe, to show that the concentrations of ice nuclei active in mixed-phase cloud conditions can be related to temperature and the number concentrations of particles larger than 0.5 μm in diameter. This new relationship reduces unexplained variability in ice nuclei concentrations at a given temperature from ∼10
3
to less than a factor of 10, with the remaining variability apparently due to variations in aerosol chemical composition or other factors. When implemented in a global climate model, the new parameterization strongly alters cloud liquid and ice water distributions compared to the simple, temperature-only parameterizations currently widely used. The revised treatment indicates a global net cloud radiative forcing increase of ∼1 W m
-2
for each order of magnitude increase in ice nuclei concentrations, demonstrating the strong sensitivity of climate simulations to assumptions regarding the initiation of cloud glaciation.
Organometallic mechanism of action and inhibition of the 4Fe-4S isoprenoid biosynthesis protein GcpE (IspG)
Authors: Wang Weixue , Li Jikun , Wang Ke , Huang Cancan , Zhang Yong , Oldfield Eric 
Published: June 2010

We report the results of a series of chemical, EPR, ENDOR, and HYSCORE spectroscopic investigations of the mechanism of action (and inhibition) of GcpE,E-1-hydroxy-2-methyl-but-2-enyl-4-diphosphate (HMBPP) synthase, also known as IspG, an Fe4S4cluster-containing protein. We find that the epoxide of HMBPP when reduced by GcpE generates the same transient EPR species as observed on addition of the substrate, 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-2, 4-cyclo-diphosphate. ENDOR and HYSCORE spectra of these transient species (using2H,13C and17O labeled samples) indicate formation of an Fe-C-H containing organometallic intermediate, most likely a ferraoxetane. This is then rapidly reduced to a ferracyclopropane in which the HMBPP product forms anη2-alkenylπ- (orπ/σ) complex with the 4th Fe in the Fe4S4cluster, and a similar “metallacycle” also forms between isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and GcpE. Based on this metallacycle concept, we show that an alkyne (propargyl) diphosphate is a good (Ki ∼ 300 nM) GcpE inhibitor, and supported again by EPR and ENDOR results (a13C hyperfine coupling of ∼7 MHz), as well as literature precedent, we propose that the alkyne forms anotherπ/σmetallacycle, anη2-alkynyl, or ferracyclopropene. Overall, the results are of broad general interest because they provide new mechanistic insights into GcpE catalysis and inhibition, with organometallic bond formation playing, in both cases, a key role.
Engineered bacterial communication prevents
Vibrio cholerae
virulence in an infant mouse model
Authors: Duan Faping , March John C. 
Published: June 2010

To investigate the possibility of using commensal bacteria as signal mediators for inhibiting the disease cholera, we stably transformed
Escherichia coli
Nissle 1917 (Nissle) to express the autoinducer molecule cholera autoinducer 1 (CAI-1) (shown previously to prevent virulence when present with another signaling molecule, autoinducer 2, at high concentrations) and determined the effect on
Vibrio cholerae
virulence gene expression and colonization in an infant mouse model. We found that pretreatment of mice for 8 h with Nissle engineered to express CAI-1 (Nissle-cqsA) greatly increased the mice’s survival (92%) from ingestion of
V. cholerae
. Pretreatment with Nissle-cqsA for only 4 h increased survival by 77%, whereas ingesting Nissle-cqsA at the same time as
V. cholerae
increased survival rates by 27%. Immunostaining revealed an 80% reduction in cholera toxin binding to the intestines of mice pretreated for 8 h with Nissle-cqsA. Further, the numbers of
V. cholerae
in treated mouse intestines was reduced by 69% after 40 h. This finding points to an easily administered and inexpensive approach where commensal bacteria are engineered to communicate with invasive species and potentially prevent human disease.
In vivo assembly of nanoparticle components to improve targeted cancer imaging
Authors: Perrault Steven D. , Chan Warren C. W. 
Published: June 2010

Many small molecular anticancer agents are often ineffective at detecting or treating cancer due to their poor pharmacokinetics. Using nanoparticles as carriers can improve this because their large size reduces clearance and improves retention within tumors, but it also slows their rate of transfer from circulation into the tumor interstitium. Here, we demonstrate an alternative strategy whereby a molecular contrast agent and engineered nanoparticle undergo in vivo molecular assembly within tumors, combining the rapid influx of the smaller and high retention of the larger component. This strategy provided rapid tumor accumulation of a fluorescent contrast agent, 16- and 8-fold faster than fluorescently labeled macromolecule or nanoparticle controls achieved. Diagnostic sensitivity was 3.0 times that of a passively targeting nanoparticle, and this improvement was achieved 3 h after injection. The advantage of the in vivo assembly approach for targeting is rapid accumulation of small molecular agents in tumors, shorter circulation time requirements, possible systemic clearance while maintaining imaging sensitivity in the tumor, and nanoparticle anchors in tumors can be utilized to alter the pharmacokinetics of contrast agents, therapeutics, and other nanoparticles. This study demonstrates molecular assembly of nanoparticles within tumors, and provides a new basis for the future design of nanomaterials for medical applications.
Reverse biological engineering of
hrdB
to enhance the production of avermectins in an industrial strain of
Streptomyces avermitilis
Authors: Zhuo Ying , Zhang Wenquan , Chen Difei , Gao Hong , Tao Jun , Liu Mei , Gou Zhongxuan , Zhou Xianlong , Ye Bang-Ce , Zhang Qing , Zhang Siliang , Zhang Li-Xin 
Published: June 2010

Avermectin and its analogues are produced by the actinomycete
Streptomyces avermitilis
and are widely used in the field of animal health, agriculture, and human health. Here we have adopted a practical approach to successfully improve avermectin production in an industrial overproducer. Transcriptional levels of the wild-type strain and industrial overproducer in production cultures were monitored using microarray analysis. The avermectin biosynthetic genes, especially the pathway-specific regulatory gene,
aveR
, were up-regulated in the high-producing strain. The upstream promoter region of
aveR
was predicted and proved to be directly recognized by
σ

hrdB

in vitro. A mutant library of
hrdB
gene was constructed by error-prone PCR and selected by high-throughput screening. As a result of evolved
hrdB
expressed in the modified avermectin high-producing strain, 6.38 g/L of avermectin B1a was produced with over 50% yield improvement, in which the transcription level of
aveR
was significantly increased. The relevant residues were identified to center in the conserved regions. Engineering of the
hrdB
gene can not only elicit the overexpression of
aveR
but also allows for simultaneous transcription of many other genes. The results indicate that manipulating the key genes revealed by reverse engineering can effectively improve the yield of the target metabolites, providing a route to optimize production in these complex regulatory systems.
Space observations of cold-cloud phase change
Authors: Choi Yong-Sang , Lindzen Richard S. , Ho Chang-Hoi , Kim Jinwon 
Published: June 2010

This study examines the vertically resolved cloud measurements from the cloud-aerosol lidar with orthogonal polarization instrument on Aqua satellite from June 2006 through May 2007 to estimate the extent to which the mixed cloud-phase composition can vary according to the ambient temperature, an important concern for the uncertainty in calculating cloud radiative effects. At -20 °C, the global average fraction of supercooled clouds in the total cloud population is found to be about 50% in the data period. Between -10 and -40 °C, the fraction is smaller at lower temperatures. However, there are appreciable regional and temporal deviations from the global mean (> ± 20%) at the isotherm. In the analysis with coincident dust aerosol data from the same instrument, it appears that the variation in the supercooled cloud fraction is negatively correlated with the frequencies of dust aerosols at the -20 °C isotherm. This result suggests a possibility that dust particles lifted to the cold cloud layer effectively glaciate supercooled clouds. Observations of radiative flux from the clouds and earth’s radiant energy system instrument aboard Terra satellite, as well as radiative transfer model simulations, show that the 20% variation in the supercooled cloud fraction is quantitatively important in cloud radiative effects, especially in shortwave, which are 10 - 20 W m
-2
for regions of mixed-phase clouds affected by dust. In particular, our results demonstrate that dust, by glaciating supercooled water, can decrease albedo, thus compensating for the increase in albedo due to the dust aerosols themselves. This has important implications for the determination of climate sensitivity.
MiRror: a combinatorial analysis web tool for ensembles of microRNAs and their targets
Authors: Friedman Yitzhak , Naamati Guy , Linial Michal 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Summary: The miRror application provides insights on microRNA (miRNA) regulation. It is based on the notion of a combinatorial regulation by an ensemble of miRNAs or genes. miRror integrates predictions from a dozen of miRNA resources that are based on complementary algorithms into a unified statistical framework. For miRNAs set as input, the online tool provides a ranked list of targets, based on set of resources selected by the user, according to their significance of being coordinately regulated. Symmetrically, a set of genes can be used as input to suggest a set of miRNAs. The user can restrict the analysis for the preferred tissue or cell line. miRror is suitable for analyzing results from miRNAs profiling, proteomics and gene expression arrays.
Availability: http://www.proto.cs.huji.ac.il/mirror
Contact: michall@cc.huji.ac.il
Exoenzyme activities as indicators of dissolved organic matter composition in the hyporheic zone of a floodplain river
Authors: CLINTON SANDRA M. , EDWARDS RICK T. , FINDLAY STUART E. G. 
Published: June 2010

Summary1. We measured the hyporheic microbial exoenzyme activities in a floodplain river to determine whether dissolved organic matter (DOM) bioavailability varied with overlying riparian vegetation patch structure or position along flowpaths.2. Particulate organic matter (POM), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved oxygen (DO), electrical conductivity and temperature were sampled from wells in a riparian terrace on the Queets River, Washington, U.S.A. on 25 March, 15 May, 20 July and 09 October 1999. Dissolved nitrate, ammonium and soluble reactive phosphorus were also collected on 20 July and 09 October 1999. Wells were characterised by their associated overlying vegetation: bare cobble/young alder, mid‐aged alder (8–20 years) and old alder/old‐growth conifer (25 to >100 years). POM was analysed for the ash‐free dry mass and the activities of eight exoenzymes (α‐glucosidase, β‐glucosidase, β ‐N‐acetylglucosaminidase, xylosidase, phosphatase, leucine aminopeptidase, esterase and endopeptidase) using fluorogenic substrates.3. Exoenzyme activities in the Queets River hyporheic zone indicated the presence of an active microbial community metabolising a diverse array of organic molecules. Individual exoenzyme activity (mean ± standard error) ranged from 0.507 ± 0.1547 to 22.8 ± 5.69 μmol MUF (g AFDM)−1 h−1, was highly variable among wells and varied seasonally, with the lowest rates occurring in March. Exoenzyme activities were weakly correlated with DO, DOC and inorganic nutrient concentrations.4. Ratios of leucine aminopeptidase : β‐glucosidase were low in March, May and October and high in July, potentially indicating a switch from polysaccharides to proteins as the dominant component of microbial metabolism.5. Principal components analysis indicated that there were patch effects and that these effects were strongest in the summer.6. DOM degradation patterns did not change systematically along hyporheic flowpaths but varied with overlying forest patch type in the Queets River hyporheic zone, suggesting that additional carbon inputs exist. We hypothesise that the most likely input is the downward movement of DOM from overlying riparian soils. Understanding this movement of DOM from soils to subsurface water is essential for understanding both the hyporheic metabolism and the carbon budget of streams and rivers.