bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is the intake of sugar-containing beverages during adolescence related to adult weight status?
Authors: Stoof Susanne P , Twisk Jos WR , Olthof Margreet R 
Published: November 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between the intake of sugar-containing beverages (SCB) at the age of 13 years and adult weight status 24–30 years later.DesignA longitudinal study with 30 years of follow-up from adolescence (age 13 years in 1976) to adulthood (up to 2000 and 2006). Dietary intake was assessed through cross-check dietary history face-to-face interviews by a dietitian. Beverages were divided into two categories: (i) total SCB and (ii) SCB excluding 100 % fruit juices. Percentage of total fat (%total fat) and percentage of trunk fat (%trunk fat) were obtained through dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry measurements; body weight and height were measured by trained staff.SettingAmsterdam Growth and Health Longitudinal Study, the Netherlands.SubjectsOne hundred and fourteen males and 124 females.ResultsIn males, but not in females, each additional daily serving of SCB excluding 100 % fruit juices at 13 years was associated with 1·14 % higher %total fat (95 % CI 0·04, 2·23 %; P = 0·04) and 1·62 % higher %trunk fat (95 % CI 0·14, 3·10 %; P = 0·03) in adulthood after correction for confounders. No statistically significant relationship was found between the intake of SCB excluding 100 % fruit juices at the age of 13 and BMI in both sexes. In addition, no statistically significant relationships were found between the intake of total SCB and all measures of adult weight status in both sexes.ConclusionsIntake of SCB excluding 100 % fruit juices at the age of 13 years was positively associated with adult %total fat and %trunk fat in males, but not in females.
Television viewing and variations in energy intake in adults and children in the USA
Authors: Sisson Susan B , Broyles Stephanie T , Robledo Candace , Boeckman Lindsay , Leyva Misti 
Published: November 2011

AbstractObjectiveExamine the association between energy intake and television (TV) viewing in Americans.DesignNationally representative, cross-sectional study of 2003–2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.SettingTotal energy intake was determined by two 24 h recalls. TV viewing was reported as low (≤1 h/d), middle (2–3 h/d), and high (≥4 h/d). Multivariate linear regression models were used to analyse TV viewing and energy intake, adjusted for BMI (percentile for children 2–18 years), age, ethnicity and physical activity.SubjectsPre-school children (2–5 years;n1369), school-age children (6–11 years;n1759), adolescents (12–18 years;n3233) and adults (≥19 years;n7850) in the USA.ResultsThere was a significant association between TV viewing and energy intake for adolescent girls (highv. low:β= 195·2,P= 0·03) and men (highv. low:β= −113·0,P= 0·02; middlev. low:β= −131·1,P= 0·0002). Mean adjusted energy intake for adolescent girls was 7801·0, 8088·5 and 8618·2 kJ/d for low, middle and high TV viewing, respectively. Mean adjusted energy intake for men was 9845·9, 9297·2 and 9372·8 kJ/d for low, middle and high TV viewing.ConclusionsTV viewing was associated with energy intake in US children and adults only in 12–18-year-old girls and men. For girls, the high TV viewing category consumed more energy daily (816·3 kJ (195 kcal)) than the low category. In men, the middle and high TV viewing categories consumed less energy daily (548·4 kJ (131 kcal) and 473·0 kJ (113 kcal), respectively) than the low category. Our findings support some, but not all previous research. Future research is needed to explore this complicated relationship with rigorous measures of energy intake and TV viewing.
Identifying Weak Linear Features with the “Coalescing Shortest Path Image Transform”
Authors: Vallotton Pascal , Sun Changming , Lovell David , Savelsbergh Martin , Payne Matthew , Muench Gerald 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe detection of line-like features in images finds many applications in microanalysis. Actin fibers, microtubules, neurites, pilis, DNA, and other biological structures all come up as tenuous curved lines in microscopy images. A reliable tracing method that preserves the integrity and details of these structures is particularly important for quantitative analyses. We have developed a new image transform called the “Coalescing Shortest Path Image Transform” with very encouraging properties. Our scheme efficiently combines information from an extensive collection of shortest paths in the image to delineate even very weak linear features.
Homology modeling and docking studies to explore the novel drug for monocyte differentiation antigen CD14
Authors: Reshma Bhimisetty , Swaragam Sandeep , Umamaheswari Amineni 
Published: November 2011

AbstractMonocyte differentiation antigen CD14 belongs to the leucine rich family. Elevated levels of monocyte differentiation antigen CD14 and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) play a major role in inflammatory response and cause ischemic heart diseases, neuropathic pain and LPS (endotoxin) induced septic shock. IAXO compounds (IAXO-101, IAXO-102 and IAXO-103) inhibit the CD14-dependent and TLR4-independent signaling pathways but they have severe side effects. Due to unavailability of human monocyte differentiation antigen CD14 crystal structure, 3D structure was constructed based on template structure (1WWL) using Modeler 9v9. The modeled structure was refined, energy minimized and validated. Binding site residues of human monocyte differentiation antigen CD14 were predicted using CASTp. The existing compounds were explored in ligand.info database via analog search. Docking analysis was carried out by Schrodinger Maestro 9.2. In the present study, six leads with good pharmacological properties were proposed. Lead 1 (-10.8169 Kcal/mol docking score) has good binding affinity with binding site residues of monocyte differentiation antigen CD14 such as Trp-45, Phe-38, Ala-61, Leu-66, Phe-69, Ile-59, Val-73, Val-96, Ala-99, Ala-100, Val-101, Leu-105, Leu-106, and Leu-126. The lead 1 inhibits CD14-dependent and TLR4-independent signaling pathways which in turn control the inflammatory diseases.
Homology modeling and in silico screening of inhibitors for human CD5 antigen-like protein involved in cardiovascular disease
Authors: Sravani Varala , Rajitha Reddy S , Umamaheswari Amineni 
Published: November 2011

AbstractCD5L (CD5 antigen -like) is a secreted glycoprotein that belongs to the SRCR (scavenger receptor cysteine rich) group B family of proteins that regulate leukocyte function. Over expression of human CD5L leads to Kawasaki disease and atherosclerosis. In the quest of designing novel inhibitors against CD5L, homology models for the protein were predicted based on crystal structures of 1BY2, 2OYA and 2OY3 as multiple templates using Modeller 9v9. The CD5L homology models were selected using GA341 score, DOPE score, PROCHECK and ProSA to select the best model. The selected CD5L model was analyzed using CASTp to locate the largest ligand binding pocket. Five known inhibitors of human CD5L were searched for structural analogs from Ligand.Info Meta database. The structural analog dataset (2000) was docked with CD5L using the three phased docking protocol of Maestro v9.2 that implements Glide v5.7. Seven lead molecules showed better binding affinity (lower XPGscore) compared to five known CD5L inhibitors. The binding orientations of the seven leads compared favorably with known CD5L inhibitors. The seven leads also revealed good pharmacological properties (following Lipinski Rule of Five; Zero reactive functional group) and hence were proposed as new class of CD5L inhibitors. The proposed inhibitors would be useful for rational drug design towards treatment of cardiovascular disease if synthesized and validated in animal models.
Diabetes and Incident Depression: Is the Association Mediated or Modified by Sociodemographic Factors or Co-morbidities? A Systematic Review
Authors: Albers B. , Kruse J. , Giani G. , Icks A. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractDiabetic patients suffer more frequently from depression. Aim was to evaluate sociodemographic parameters and co-morbidities and late complications as potential modifying factors in the occurrence of depression in diabetic individuals.We performed a systematic review, based on established meta-analyses and additional original publications in 2005–2009 in Medline and PsycINFO. We included articles focusing on longitudinal studies which evaluated the appearance of depression in diabetic and non diabetic individuals and further analyzed interactions or separate additional influences of potential modifying factors.8 eligible studies were identified. 6 studies were population based. Only 3 studies analyzed the interaction between the variables of interest and diabetes on the incidence of depression. Remaining used diverse other methods to control for associated factors.The strongest influence was found for a general measure of co-morbidities but this influence was ambiguous. No significant modifying effect or interaction was found for sociodemographic factors.There seems to be a clear need for more research concerning mediating and modifying factors or a more stringent presentation of results in order to identify groups at risk or to identify treatment strategies.
Effects of Isolated Hyperinsulinaemia on Sensory Function in Healthy Adults
Authors: Søfteland E. , Dimcevski G. , Graversen C. , Nedrebø B. , Drewes A. , Frøkjær J. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractGastrointestinal symptoms such as pain, bloating, nausea and vomiting are more frequent in pre-diabetic states as well as established diabetes, compared to healthy individuals. The mechanisms behind these symptoms are multi-factorial and complex. Furthermore, the effect of isolated hyperinsulinaemia on visceral and peripheral sensory function is poorly understood. Thus, the current study aimed to evaluate effects of acute hyperinsulinaemia on sensory function in healthy adults.The sensitivity to electrical oesophageal and median nerve stimulation was assessed in 15 healthy volunteers together with recording of evoked brain potentials. All subjects were studied both fasting and using a euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemic clamp.There was on average a 15% increased sensitivity to oesophageal electrical stimulation during hyperinsulinaemia compared to fasting state (P<0.05), but the sensation after median nerve stimulation remained stable (P=0.58). No significant changes in latencies and amplitudes of evoked brain potentials were observed after oesophageal or median nerve stimulation (all P>0.05).This study suggests that acute isolated hyperinsulinaemia increases visceral sensitivity, but does not influence the somatic sensory function. The lack of changes in the evoked brain potentials may indicate that hyperinsulinaemia affects the visceral sensory system at a peripheral level. Our result suggests distinct functions of insulin in the various parts of the nervous system, and yields further clues to the significance of insulin as a satiety signal.
Relationship between Plasma Aldosterone Concentration and Soluble Cellular Adhesion Molecules in Patients Referred to Coronary Angiography
Authors: Tomaschitz A. , Pilz S. , Ritz E. , Grammer T. , Amrein K. , Merger S. , Meinitzer A. , Winkelmann B. , Boehm B. , März W. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractEvidence is emerging that aldosterone contributes to the development and progression of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Little is known, however, regarding an association between circulating aldosterone levels and soluble cellular adhesion molecules in humans.We investigated the relationship between plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) and soluble cellular adhesion molecules in a large cohort of patients referred to coronary angiography. After exclusion of patients with ongoing mineralocorticoid receptor blocker use, oral contraceptive or hormone replacement therapy, 1 733 patients (mean age: 62.5±10.8 years; 26.4%% women; mean PAC: 101.5±93.5 pg/mL) remained eligible for analyses.Pearson correlation analysis as well as age and gender adjusted partial correlation analysis revealed a positive association between PAC and soluble (s) E-, L- and P-selectin levels but not with sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1, respectively. In multivariate adjusted analyses of covariance (ANCOVA) sE- (p=0.026), sL- (p=0.049) and sP-selectin (p<0.001) levels increased steadily from the first (reference) to the third gender-specific tertile of PAC. No significant variation across PAC tertiles was found for sICAM-1 (p=0.767) and sVCAM1 (p=0.425) levels, respectively. Finally, multivariate regression analyses revealed circulating aldosterone as an important predictor for soluble selectin levels.Our findings in a large cohort of patients indicate that upregulation of selectins might represent a novel mechanism of aldosterone mediated development and progression of atherosclerosis. In view of aldosterone as a novel cardiovascular risk factor independent of angiotensin II, our findings warrant further interventional studies which should evaluate anti-atherosclerotic effects of aldosterone blocking treatment strategies in humans.
Lipid Infiltration in the Parotid Glands: A Clinical Manifestation of Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Hida A. , Akahoshi M. , Takagi Y. , Imaizumi M. , Sera N. , Soda M. , Maeda R. , Nakashima E. , Ida H. , Kawakami A. , Nakamura T. , Eguchi K. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe clinical features of lipid infiltration in the parotid glands (LIPG) have not been studied. Monitoring of atomic-bomb survivors for late effects of radiation exposure has provided the opportunity to review the clinical findings of LIPG.A total of 992 atomic-bomb survivors in Nagasaki, Japan underwent lachrymal and salivary secretion tests and anthropometric, biochemical, and abdominal ultrasonographic examinations between 2002 and 2004. Among 465 subjects who had reduced tear and/or salivary excretion, 176 subjects took a salivary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination.LIPG was detected in 53 of the 176 subjects who had salivary MRI. LIPG cases showed a preponderance of females and fatty liver compared with the subjects without LIPG. Age-and-sex-adjusted regression analysis revealed that body mass index (BMI), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, hemoglobin A1c, and C-reactive protein were higher, whereas high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and adiponectin were lower, in the subjects with LIPG. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that BMI and fatty liver were mutually associated with LIPG independently from radiation dose.LIPG associated with BMI, fatty liver, and coronary risk factors was a clinical manifestation of metabolic syndrome.
Can stimulated Raman pumping cause large population transfers in isolated molecules?
Authors: Mukherjee Nandini , Zare Richard N. 
Published: November 2011

When stimulated Raman pumping (SRP) is applied to a stream of isolated molecules, such as found in a supersonic molecular beam expansion, we show that SRP can neither saturate nor power broaden a molecular transition connecting two metastable levels that is resonant with the energy difference between the pump and Stokes laser pulses. Using the optical Bloch-Feynman equations, we discuss the pumping of the hydrogen molecule from H2 (v = 0, J = 0, M = 0) to H2 (v = 1, J = 2, M = 0) as an illustration of how coherent population return severely reduces the SRP pumping efficiency unless the pump and Stokes laser pulses are applied with an appropriate relative delay and ratio of intensities.
Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibition with sildenafil reverses exercise oscillatory breathing in chronic heart failure: a long‐term cardiopulmonary exercise testing placebo‐controlled study
Authors: Guazzi Marco , Vicenzi Marco , Arena Ross 
Published: November 2011

AimsExercise oscillatory breathing (EOB) is a ventilatory abnormality that occurs in ∼20% of heart failure (HF) patients and carries a very unfavourable prognosis. Pulmonary vasoconstriction has been suggested to be involved in this disorder. We hypothesized that modulation of pulmonary vascular hypertone by oversignalling of the nitric oxide pathway with phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibition might be beneficial. Accordingly, we performed a 1‐year pilot trial with sildenafil in patients with HF and EOB.Methods and resultsAmong 122 HF cases, 32 presented with EOB during cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX) and were randomized to receive placebo (n = 16) or sildenafil (n = 16) at the dose of 50 mg three times a day, in addition to their current antifailure treatment. CPX‐derived variables and pulmonary haemodynamics were assessed at 6 and 12 months. Sildenafil reversed EOB in 87% of patients at 6 months and 93% at 1 year, respectively (P < 0.01). This effect was accompanied by an improvement in functional performance (peak VO2; from 9.6 to 12.4 and 13.2 mL/min/kg; P < 0.01) and exercise ventilation efficiency (ventilation to CO2 production slope; from 41.1 to 32.7 and 31.5; P < 0.01). Chronic treatment with PDE5 inhibition significantly decreased pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (from 21 to 14 and 14 mmHg), mean pulmonary artery pressure (PAP; from 34.8 to 23 and 24 mmHg), and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR; from 360 to 270 and 266 dyne/s/cm5) compared with placebo (P < 0.01 for each comparison). On exploratory analysis, there was a correlation between PAP and PVR and the decrease in EOB in the treatment group. Placebo did not alter any of the aforementioned variables.ConclusionsPDE5 inhibition in HF patients with EOB offers the dual advantage of improving functional capacity and modulating the EOB pattern. PAP and PVR reduction seem to underlie the correction of the breathing disorder. Whether reversal of this unfavourable prognostic signal can affect survival remains unconfirmed at the moment.
A validation study of the CEMACH recommended modified early obstetric warning system (MEOWS)*
Authors: Singh S. , McGlennan A. , England A. , Simons R. 
Published: November 2011

SummaryThe 2003–2005 Confidential Enquiry into Maternal and Child Health report recommended the introduction of the modified early obstetric warning system (MEOWS) in all obstetric inpatients to track maternal physiological parameters, and to aid early recognition and treatment of the acutely unwell parturient. We prospectively reviewed 676 consecutive obstetric admissions, looking at their completed MEOWS charts for triggers and their notes for evidence of morbidity. Two hundred patients (30%) triggered and 86 patients (13%) had morbidity according to our criteria, including haemorrhage (43%), hypertensive disease of pregnancy (31%) and suspected infection (20%). The MEOWS was 89% sensitive (95% CI 81–95%), 79% specific (95% CI 76–82%), with a positive predictive value 39% (95% CI 32–46%) and a negative predictive value of 98% (95% CI 96–99%). There were no admissions to the intensive care unit, cardio respiratory arrests or deaths during the study period. This study suggests that MEOWS is a useful bedside tool for predicting morbidity. Adjustment of the trigger parameters may improve positive predictive value.
The influence of pre‐admission hypoglycaemic therapy on cardiac morbidity and mortality in type 2 diabetic patients undergoing major non‐cardiac surgery: a prospective observational study*
Authors: Bolliger D. , Seeberger M. D. , Lurati Buse G. , Christen P. , Seeberger E. , Ruppen W. , Filipovic M. 
Published: November 2011

SummaryIt remains unclear whether type 2 diabetics treated with either insulin or oral hypoglycaemic agents have the same incidence of cardiac morbidity and mortality after major non‐cardiac surgery. We prospectively studied 360 type 2 diabetic patients undergoing major non‐cardiac surgery of which 105 were treated with insulin only, 171 were treated with oral hypoglycaemics only and 84 were treated with a combination of insulin and oral hypoglycaemics. All‐cause mortality after 30 days and after 12 months was highest in the insulin (10% and 26%) and lowest in the oral hypoglycaemics group (2% and 13%; p = 0.02 and 0.007, respectively). Insulin treatment was independently associated with increased mortality after 30 days (hazard ratio 3.93; 95% CI 1.22–12.64; p = 0.022) and 12 months (hazard ratio 2.03; 95% CI 1.16–3.58; p = 0.014) after multivariate adjustment for age, sex and the revised cardiac risk index (insulin treatment excluded). The increased mortality in insulin‐treated diabetic patients may be due to a more progressive disease state in these patients rather than the treatment modality itself.
Inbreeding in the Thoroughbred horse
Authors: Binns M. M. , Boehler D. A. , Bailey E. , Lear T. L. , Cardwell J. M. , Lambert D. H. 
Published: November 2011

SummaryChanges in the inbreeding coefficient, F, in the Thoroughbred horse over the past 45 years have been investigated by genotyping 467 Thoroughbred horses (born between 1961 and 2006) using the Illumina Equine SNP50 bead chip, which comprises 54 602 SNPs uniformly distributed across the equine genome. The Spearman rank correlation coefficient, r, between the year of birth and F was estimated. The results indicate that inbreeding in Thoroughbreds has increased over the past 40 years, with r = 0.24, P < 0.001 demonstrating that there is a highly significant, though relatively weak correlation between the year of birth and inbreeding coefficients. Interestingly, the majority of the increase in inbreeding is post‐1996 and coincides with the introduction of stallions covering larger numbers of mares.
Parenting children with neurodevelopmental disorders and/or behaviour problems
Authors: Garner R. E. , Arim R. G. , Kohen D. E. , Lach L. M. , MacKenzie M. J. , Brehaut J. C. , Rosenbaum P. L. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBackground  Parenting behaviours influence child well‐being and development. However, much of the research on parenting behaviours and their correlates has focused on caregivers of healthy, typically developing children. Relatively less is known about the parenting behaviours of caregivers of children with chronic health conditions.Objective  To examine and compare three parenting behaviours (positive interactions, consistency and ineffective parenting) among caregivers of children with neurodevelopmental disorders and/or externalizing behaviour problems, before and after accounting for child and family socio‐demographic characteristics.Methods  Participants (n= 14 226) were drawn from the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth, a long‐term study of Canadian children that follows their development and well‐being from birth to early adulthood. Children (and their caregivers) were divided into four groups according to the presence of a neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD; n= 815), the presence of an externalizing behaviour problem (EBP; n= 1322), the presence of both conditions (BOTH; n= 452) or neither of these conditions (NEITHER; n= 11 376).Results  Caregivers of children in the NEITHER group reported significantly higher positive interaction scores and lower ineffective parenting behaviours than caregivers of children in any of the other three groups. Caregivers of children in the EBP and BOTH groups reported similar levels of consistency, but significantly lower levels than caregivers of NDD or NEITHER children. These associations largely remained after accounting for child and family socio‐demographic characteristics, with two exceptions: caregivers' reports of positive interactions were no longer significantly associated with child's NDD and BOTH conditions.Conclusions  Parenting children with multiple health conditions can be associated with less positive, less consistent and more ineffective parenting behaviours. Understanding the factors that are associated with the challenges of caring for these children may require additional research attention.