bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Microbial Quality of Fufu Samples Prepared Using Conventional and Mechanical Methods in Kumasi Metropolis
Authors: Tebri Francis Xavier , Adi Doreen Dedo , Akubia Yaa Mawufemor , Sekyere Abena 
Published: June 2024

Aim: The study aimed at evaluating the microbial quality of conventionally (CV) and mechanically (MC) prepared fufu samples in the Kumasi Metropolis of Ghana.
Study Design: The study used 2 x 5 x 2 experimental design constituting two fufu preparation methods (CV and MC), five different vending locations, and two sample types (fufu samples and water samples) from each vendor.
Materials and Methods: A total of ten (10) fufu and water samples each were conveniently collected and analysed using standard microbiological procedures.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in the Kumasi Metropolis of Ghana, in March 2022.
Results: The total aerobic count in the conventional and mechanical prepared samples ranged from 5. 2×107cfu/g to 4.5×108cfu/g and 5. 4×107cfu/g to 1.35×108cfu/g respectively. The total aerobic count in the water samples ranged between 9.7×106cfu/ml and 1.35×109cfu/ml in (CV) and 1.53×106cfu/ml – 6.3×108cfu/ml in (MC). Both the fufu and water samples from the vendors had unsatisfactory levels of total and faecal coliform count, Staphylococcus aureus count, and yeast count irrespective of the processing method (CV and MC).
Conclusion: The fufu processing methods did not influence its microbial qualities positively. Hence Good Hygienic Practices are essential to ensure its microbiological safety.
Effect of Bio Fertilizers and Micro Nutrients on Growth and Yield of Black Gram (Vigna mungo L.)
Authors: Hepsibha Munigala. , Singh Shikha , Vineetha S. Bala , Christina B. Bharathi 
Published: June 2024

The field experiment was conducted during ZAID season, 2023 at Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India. In the present study, effect of bio fertilizers and micro nutrients on growth and yield of black gram. The treatments consist of three levels of bio fertilizers i.e, AMF – 25 g/kg seeds, Pseudomonas - 10 g/kg seed, Rhizobium – 20g/ kg seeds along with three different micro nutrients i.e, Zinc - 0.5 %, Iron - 0.5% and Molybdenum - 0.4%. There are 10 treatments each replicated thrice. The soil of experimental plot was sandy loam in texture, nearly neutral in soil reaction (pH 6.9), available in medium nitrogen (138.700 kg/ha) medium phosphorus (17.5 kg/ha) and medium potassium (157.9 kg/ha). Results revealed that maximum plant height (44.40cm), plant dry weight (9.53 g/plant), number of nodules/ plant (27.20), no of branches (18.43), number of pods (10.07), number of seeds/pod (9.67), test weight (39 g), grain yield (1213.33 kg/ha), stover yield (2233.33kg/ha) was recorded in T8 (Rhizobium – 20g/kg seed + Iron - 0.5 %). Maximum gross return (INR 63,350.00), net return (INR 41,900.00) and B:C ratio (1.95) which was significantly superior over other treatment (Rhizobium – 20g/kg seed + Iron - 0.5 %). It is concluded that the application of Rhizobium -20g/kg seed along with foliar spray Iron-0.5% (T8 ) produce higher yield and benefit cost ratio in Black gram.
Electrostatically Templated Self‐Assembly of Polymeric Particles: The Role of Friction and Shape Complementarity
Authors: Wesson Paul J. , Grzybowski Bartosz A. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractConductive electrodes held at kV potentials and patterned with non‐conductive circular islands can drive templated self‐assembly (TSA) of millimeter‐sized polymeric particles. It is found, however, that the complementarity of the shapes of the “capturing” islands and the projected shapes of the “adsorbing” particles is insufficient to produce high quality assemblies. For instance, while spherical particles center onto circular islands and form highly regular arrays, disk‐shaped particles remain off‐centered on the same islands. These effects are due to frictional effects that compete with electrostatic forces during TSA. A finite‐element model is used to quantify the forces acting in the system and suggests heuristic rules that guide the design of islands capturing particles of desired shapes and sizes.
Injectable Collagen–Genipin Gel for the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury: In Vitro Studies
Authors: Macaya Daniel , Ng Karen K. , Spector Myron 
Published: October 2011

AbstractSpinal cord injury (SCI) often results in a cavitary lesion, contained within the dura, which involves only a portion of the cord. Injectable biopolymers are an attractive treatment option for SCI to re‐establish cell migratory pathways within the lesion while minimizing the collateral damage attendant to an open surgical procedure. In this study we evaluate a thermoresponsive soluble collagen gel incorporating genipin, an amine reactive covalent cross‐linker with low cytotoxicity and fluorogenic attributes. Unlike previous studies, genipin is being investigated as an in situ covalent cross‐linker that will continue to act on the gel after injection. Physical characterization studies show that the addition of genipin provides control over the mechanical and degradative behavior of the gel, to meet design specifications of an injectable material for neural tissues. Additionally, an improved in situ assay to predict the extent of cross‐linking reaction is investigated. Encapsulation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in collagen–genipin gels show the gels support cell viability and proliferation, and thus serve as a cell delivery vehicle. Neural stem cells are found to be more sensitive to genipin, with respect to toxicity, as compared to MSCs. From our studies, 0.25‐0.5 mM is an appropriate genipin concentration to use for an in situ forming scaffold capable of delivering cells and therapeutic agents.
Coordination Polymers for Nanoelectronics
Authors: Gómez‐Herrero Julio , Zamora Félix 
Published: October 2011

AbstractWe review recent progress in the potential use of coordination polymers as molecular wires for nanoelectronics. To this end we review some basic aspects of these materials including synthesis and properties in the bulk scale; processability towards the formation of nanoscale structures and seminal works on electrical transport of coordination polymers. Finally, we summarize some of the perspectives in this field.
Modeling of asphaltene deposition in a production tubing
Authors: Eskin D. , Ratulowski J. , Akbarzadeh K. , Andersen S. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAsphaltene deposition phenomena are investigated both theoretically and experimentally. A Couette device, where the inner cylinder rotates and particles deposit on the outer wall, is used for deposition laboratory studies. A deposition modeling approach, recently proposed by the authors is improved. Empirical parameters of the model are obtained from Couette device experiments. The deposition mechanism peculiarities are explained based on an analogy between the deposition and water in oil emulsion stabilization by asphaltenes, and on an analysis of interaction of asphaltene molecules. The model performance is illustrated by modeling oil production, accompanied with asphaltene deposition, from a cylindrical reservoir through vertical tubing. The computations, performed for a reservoir depleting over time, demonstrate a good qualitative agreement with the field data reported in literature. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2012
Axenfeld–Rieger anomaly and Axenfeld–Rieger syndrome: Clinical, molecular‐cytogenetic, and DNA array analyses of three patients with chromosomal defects at 6p25
Authors: Tonoki Hidefumi , Harada Naoki , Shimokawa Osamu , Yosozumi Ayako , Monzaki Kadomi , Satoh Kohei , Kosaki Rika , Sato Atsushi , Matsumoto Naomichi , Iizuka Susumu 
Published: October 2011

AbstractClinical phenotypes of and genetic aberrations in three unrelated Japanese patients with Axenfeld–Rieger anomalies and various accompanying malformations of systemic organs are described. GTG‐banded chromosome analysis showed terminal deletions of the short arm of chromosome 6 in two patients and an inversion, inv(6)(p25q14), in the other. FISH and DNA array analyses revealed that the two patients with deletions had 5.0–5.7 Mb and 6.6 Mb 6p terminal deletions, respectively, and FOXC1 was apparently deleted in both patients. In the other patient, the inversion breakpoint at 6p25 was estimated to be in or very close to the FOXC1 locus, but DNA array analysis did not reveal a deletion around the breakpoint. Common extraocular findings in these patients included broad forehead, brachycephaly, hypertelorism, downslanting palpebral fissures, small anteverted nose, and cardiac defects. Two patients also exhibited autistic characteristics. The two patients with deletions exhibited poor muscle tone and developmental delays. Most of these extraocular findings were similar to those found in previous patients with FOXC1 mutations and distinct from those found in patients with PITX2 mutations, who frequently develop umbilical and dental anomalies. We suggest that the psychomotor retardation is a clinical manifestation associated with a deletion of multiple contiguous genes in the 6p terminus and that this phenomenon is similar to the 6p25 deletion syndrome. Understanding the relationship between genetic lesions and the spectrum of extraocular findings in patients with Axenfeld–Rieger anomalies may lead to better clinical management. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Endoscopic endonasal approaches to the cavernous sinus
Authors: Raithatha Roheen , McCoul Edward D. , Woodworth Graeme F. , Schwartz Theodore H. , Anand Vijay K. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBackground:Surgical access to the cavernous sinus (CS) has proven a challenge for the skull base surgeon. Traditional approaches include the transcranial route, which broaches the lateral wall of the CS and has a high risk of cranial nerve weakness. A medial approach is more logical but the microscopic transsphenoidal approach has a restricted view. The endoscopic endonasal approach provides an alternative medial approach with improved visualization to that provided with the microscope. We describe our results using this approach for resection of CS tumors.Methods:A retrospective chart review was performed of all patients treated surgically at a tertiary care referral center between January 2004 and February 2011 with a purely endoscopic endonasal approach to the CS.Results:Out of 400 total endoscopic skull base cases, 41 (10.3%) involved the cavernous sinus. The most common approach was the transsphenoidal transsellar approach (31 patients, 75.6%). Other approaches included the tran‐sethmoidal transsphenoidal parasellar (4 patients, 9.8%) and transmaxillary transpterygoidal (6 patients, 14.6%). The most common pathology was pituitary macroadenoma (24 patients, 58.5%). Gross total resection was achieved in 18 patients (43.9%). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak was not encountered in any patient postoperatively. Complications included 1 case of new postoperative VIth nerve palsy, 1 case of intraoperative hemorrhage, 2 cases of persistent diabetes insipidus, and 2 cases of sinusitis.Conclusion:The endoscopic endonasal approach is a safe and effective option for tumor resection in the CS using a medial to lateral route for selected cases. Morbidity is low and a variety of reconstructive options are available. © 2011 ARS‐AAOA, LLC.
Influence of pretreatment methods of the spectra on the calibration model of the precuring degree
Authors: Jiang B. , Li W. , Huang Y. D. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractIn near infrared (NIR) spectra, there could be observed the baseline drift, background noise, scattering effects, and overlapped peaks. These errors can disturb the robustness and reliability of multivariate calibration models. Influences of spectral pretreatment methods on calibration model were studied. The partial least squares (PLS) were applied for developing model of the precuring degree. The multiplicative scatter correction gave the best values forR2and RMSEC.R2was 0.96, RMSEC was 0.112, respectively. The method NIR and reference method were compared using Student'sttest (α = 0.05) for paired values, the result showed that there was no significant difference between the NIR method and the reference method. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Novel Fused 1,3‐Thiazoles and 1,3‐Thiazines Incorporating a 2,4‐Dihydroxyphenyl Residue
Authors: Matysiak Joanna , Los Renata , Malm Anna , Karpińska Monika M. , Głaszcz Urszula , Rajtar Barbara , Polz‐Dacewicz Małgorzata , Trojanowska‐Wesołowska Marta , Niewiadomy Andrzej 
Published: October 2011

AbstractIn an attempt to find a new class of antimicrobial agents, a series of benzothiazoles, 1,3‐thiazolo[5,4‐b]pyridines, 4H‐3,1‐benzothiazines, naphtho[2,3‐d][1,3]thiazole‐4,9‐diones and other related compounds containing a 2,4‐dihydroxyphenyl moiety were prepared. They were obtained via the reaction of aryl‐modified sulfinyl[bis(2,4‐dihydroxyphenylmethanethione)]s with appropriate commercial chemical reagents in the endocyclization processes. The MIC values of the compounds towards eight reference bacterial strains were assessed by the two‐fold serial micro‐dilution broth method. They exhibited inhibitory effects against the Gram‐positive strains tested opposite to Gram‐negative ones. Some compounds were more effective than the reference drug. 4‐(6‐Chloro‐4H‐3,1‐benzothiazin‐2‐yl)‐6‐methylbenzene‐1,3‐diol (5b) due to its very good activity (MIC from 1.56 to 3.13 µg/mL) and low cytotoxicity (IC50 > 50 µg/mL) may be regarded as a promising precursor for the development of novel antibacterial agents.
YAP1 over‐expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae enhances glutathione accumulation at its biosynthesis and substrate availability levels
Authors: Orumets Kerti , Kevvai Kaspar , Nisamedtinov Ildar , Tamm Tiina , Paalme Toomas 
Published: October 2011

AbstractMicrobiological production of glutathione using genetically engineered yeast strains has a potential to satisfy the increasing industrial demand of this tripeptide. In the present work accumulation of glutathione in response to YAP1 over‐expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae was studied. The over‐expression resulted in intracellular glutathione level over two times higher than in the parent strain. Transcript analyses revealed that, in addition to the genes encoding enzymes in the glutathione biosynthesis pathway (GSH1 and GSH2), the expression levels of the genes in the cysteine biosynthesis pathway (CYS3 and CYS4) were also significantly higher in the YAP1 over‐expressed strain. This suggests that YAP1 over‐expression affects glutathione accumulation at both its biosynthesis and substrate availability levels.
Phenolic Compounds from the Whole Plants of Gentiana rhodantha (Gentianaceae)
Authors: Xu Min , Zhang Ming , Wang Dong , Yang Chong‐Ren , Zhang Ying‐Jun 
Published: October 2011

AbstractGentiana rhodantha Franch. ex Hemsl. (Gentianaceae), an annual herb widely distributed in the southwest of China, has been medicinally used for the treatment of inflammation, cholecystitis, and tuberculosis by the local people of its growing areas. Chemical investigation on the whole plants led to the identification of eight new phenolic compounds, rhodanthenones A–D (1–4, resp.), apigenin 7‐O‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→3)‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→3)‐glucopyranoside (5), 1,2‐dihydroxy‐4‐methoxybenzene 1‐O‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→6)‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (6), 1,2‐dihydroxy‐4,6‐dimethoxybenzene 1‐O‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→6)‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (7), and methyl 2‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐2,4,6‐trihydroxybenzoate (8), together with eleven known compounds, 9–19. Their structures were determined on the basis of detailed spectroscopic analyses and chemical methods. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition and cytotoxicity tests against five human cancer cell lines showed that only rhodanthenone D (4) and mangiferin (12) exhibited 18.4 and 13.4% of AChE inhibitory effects at a concentration of 10−4 M, respectively, while compounds 1–5 and the known xanthones lancerin (11), mangiferin (12), and neomangiferin (13) displayed no cytotoxicity at a concentration of 40 μM.
Sesquiterpenoids and Lignans from the Roots of Valeriana officinalis L.
Authors: Wang Peng‐Cheng , Ran Xin‐Hui , Chen Rui , Luo Huai‐Rong , Ma Qing‐Yun , Liu Yu‐Qing , Hu Jiang‐Miao , Huang Sheng‐Zhuo , Jiang He‐Zhong , Chen Zhong‐Quan , Zhou Jun , Zhao You‐Xing 
Published: October 2011

AbstractTwo new guaiane‐type sesquiterpenoids, valerol A (1) and kessyl 3‐acetate (2), together with nine known compounds, valeracetate (3), anismol A (4), orientalol C (5), spatulenol (6), 4α,10α‐epoxyaromadendrane (7), (+)‐8‐hydroxypinoresinol (8), pinorespiol (9), pinoresinol 4‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (10), and 8‐hydroxypinoresinol 4′‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (11) were isolated from the roots of Valeriana officinalis. The structures and relative configurations of 1 and 2 were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods (1D‐ and 2D‐NMR, MS, UV, and IR). These compounds were evaluated for inhibitory activity on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and enhancing activity on nerve growth factor (NGF)‐mediated neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells.
Two New Imidazolone‐Containing Alkaloids and Further Metabolites from the Ascomycete Fungus Tricladium sp.
Authors: Zou Xianwei , Liu Shuchun , Zheng Zhihui , Zhang Hua , Chen Xulin , Liu Xingzhong , Li Erwei 
Published: October 2011

AbstractTricladins A and B (1 and 2, resp.), new imidazolone‐containing alkaloids, together with five known metabolites, bacillamides A, B (3 and 4, resp.), 20‐hydroxyaflavinine (5), N‐(2‐phenylethyl)acetamide (6), and Nb‐acetyltryptamine (7), have been isolated from the crude extract of the ascomycete fungus Tricladium sp. The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated primarily by NMR and MS methods. Compound 2 showed marginal cytotoxicity against MDA‐MB‐231 human breast cancer cells, whereas the known metabolite 4 displayed an inhibitory effect on HIV‐1 replication in C8166 cells.
Adsorption of Brilliant Green from Aqueous Solutions onto Crosslinked Chitosan Graft Copolymers
Authors: Özkahraman Bengi , Bal Ayça , Acar Işıl , Güçlü Gamze 
Published: October 2011

AbstractIn this study, graft copolymerization of itaconic acid (IA) and crotonic acid (CA) onto the crosslinked chitosan beads were carried out using ammonium persulfate as initiator. Grafted chitosan beads were characterized by FT‐IR analysis and grafting percentage determination. Grafting efficiency and add‐on percentages values of grafted chitosan beads were determined as 23–29 and 32–47%, respectively. Then, equilibrium isotherms and kinetics of brilliant green adsorption onto grafted chitosan beads were investigated. The results indicated that the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model fitted better than the data obtained from pseudo‐first‐order model for the adsorption of brilliant green onto grafted chitosan beads. The fit of data for brilliant green (BG) adsorption onto grafted chitosan beads suggested that the Langmuir model gave closer fittings than the Freundlich model.
Assessment of the Intake and the Pretreatment Design in Existing Seawater Reverse Osmosis (SWRO) Plants by Hasse Diagram Technique (HDT)
Authors: Bick Amos , Bruggemann Rainer , Oron Gideon 
Published: October 2011

AbstractSeawater desalination is a rising technology intended to overcome water scarcity and is increasingly being used for the production of drinking water. A good quality pretreatment process is prominent to the successful operation of a Seawater Reverse Osmosis (SWRO) plant. The tasks of the intake and the pretreatment modules are to prevent fouling and to extend the lifetime of the reverse osmosis membranes. To practice the method of assessment design, 19 seawater plants with 11 different design strategies have been evaluated. The assessed strategies consist of: (i) Intake treatment, (ii) pretreatment aid (coagulation, flocculation, clarification), and (iii) pretreatment unit. Every possible combination of the design elements has been evaluated by a set of 15 attributes. The comparative evaluation has been conducted by Hasse diagram technique (HDT) using PyHasse software. The result of the HDT application includes 7 favorable incomparable design strategies. In order to solve the incomparability, the Condorcet–Kemeny–Young–Levenglick (C–K–Y–L) ranking procedure was additionally used and rendered the optimal design that is based on subsurface intake and membrane (ultrafiltration) pretreatment facilities. According to the results, both mathematical methods, i.e., the HDT in combination with the C–K–Y–L, procedure can be powerful and helpful tools to assist decisions concerning design strategies.
Durability of Sulfonated Aromatic Polymers for Proton‐Exchange‐Membrane Fuel Cells
Authors: Hou Hongying , Di Vona Maria Luisa , Knauth Philippe 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAs a key component of proton‐exchange‐membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), proton‐exchange membranes (PEMs) must continuously withstand very harsh environments during long‐term fuel cell operations. With the coming commercialization of PEMFCs, investigations into the durability and degradation of PEMs are becoming more and more urgent and interesting. Herein, various recent attempts and achievements to improve the durability of sulfonated aromatic polymers (SAPs) are reviewed and some further developments are predicted. Extensive investigations into inexpensive SAPs as alternative electrolyte membranes include modification of available polymer materials; design, synthesis, and optimization of new macromolecules; durability testing; and exploring the degradation mechanisms.
Out of control?: Inhibition processes in eating disorders from a personality and cognitive perspective
Authors: Claes Laurence , Mitchell James E. , Vandereycken Walter 
Published: October 2011

AbstractObjective:The present study examined the role of “a breakdown in inhibition” as a mechanism to explain differences in impulsivity between restrictive and bingeing/purging eating disorders (ED). Two types of inhibition (i.e., executive and reactive inhibition) were assessed by means of personality and neuropsychological tests.Method:Forty‐eight female in patients with ED completed the Effortful Control Scale, the BISBAS scales, and a set of neuropsychological tests.Results:The results showed that executive inhibition measures were able to differentiate restrictive from bingeing/purging ED subtypes. Patients with ED and bingeing/purging behavior scored significantly lower on the Effortful Control Scale, needed more time to finish the Trail Making Test/STROOP, and showed more reaction time variability on the Go No‐Go task. We did not find significant associations between personality and neuropsychological measures of executive/reactive inhibition.Discussion:Insight in the breakdown of inhibition in bingeing/purging patients can increase our understanding of impulse‐control disorders and guide the development of tools to improve effortful control. © 2011 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2012)