bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A phase 1 study of efatutazone, an oral peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma agonist, administered to patients with advanced malignancies
Authors: Pishvaian Michael J. , Marshall John L. , Wagner Andrew J. , Hwang Jimmy J. , Malik Shakun , Cotarla Ion , Deeken John F. , He A. Ruth , Daniel Hirut , Halim Abdel‐Baset , Zahir Hamim , Copigneaux Catherine , Liu Kejian , Beckman Robert A. , Demetri George D. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND:Efatutazone (CS‐7017), a novel peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonist, exerts anticancer activity in preclinical models. The authors conducted a phase 1 study to determine the recommended phase 2 dose, safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of efatutazone.METHODS:Patients with advanced solid malignancies and no curative therapeutic options were enrolled to receive a given dose of efatutazone, administered orally (PO) twice daily for 6 weeks, in a 3 + 3 intercohort dose‐escalation trial. After the third patient, patients with diabetes mellitus were excluded. Efatutazone dosing continued until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity, with measurement of efatutazone pharmacokinetics and plasma adiponectin levels.RESULTS:Thirty‐one patients received efatutazone at doses ranging from 0.10 to 1.15 mg PO twice daily. Dose escalation stopped when maximal impact on PPARγ‐related biomarkers had been reached before any protocol‐defined maximum‐tolerated dose level. On the basis of a population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic analysis, the recommended phase 2 dose was 0.5 mg PO twice daily. A majority of patients experienced peripheral edema (53.3%), often requiring diuretics. Three episodes of dose‐limiting toxicities, related to fluid retention, were noted in the 0.10‐, 0.25‐, and 1.15‐mg cohorts. Of 31 treated patients, 27 were evaluable for response. A sustained partial response (PR; 690 days on therapy) was observed in a patient with myxoid liposarcoma. Ten additional patients had stable disease (SD) for ≥60 days. Exposures were approximately dose proportional, and adiponectin levels increased after 4 weeks of treatment at all dose levels. Immunohistochemistry of archived specimens demonstrated that PPARγ and retinoid X receptor expression levels were significantly greater in patients with SD for ≥60 days or PR (P = .0079), suggesting a predictive biomarker.CONCLUSIONS:Efatutazone demonstrates acceptable tolerability with evidence of disease control in patients with advanced malignancies. Cancer 2012. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
Conditional probability of long‐term survival in glioblastoma
Authors: Johnson Derek R. , Ma Daniel J. , Buckner Jan C. , Hammack Julie E. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND:Advances in glioblastoma care have resulted in a larger proportion of patients surviving beyond 2 years after diagnosis. It is not clear how long‐term survivors should be counseled with respect to future prognosis, or what factors influence that prognosis. The conditional probability of survival was evaluated from multiple time points in patients with glioblastoma, using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data.METHODS:Patients diagnosed with glioblastoma from 1998 to 2008 who were treated with radiation‐containing regimens were identified within SEER data. Conditional survival probabilities from multiple survival points were calculated. Cox proportional hazards models were constructed to identify predictors of survival from diagnosis and from 1 and 2 years after diagnosis.RESULTS:A total of 10,022 patients with glioblastoma met study inclusion criteria; median survival was 12.61 months. Conditional probability of surviving an additional 2 years ranged from 19.8% at diagnosis to 65.9% at 5 years after diagnosis. The proportion of patients surviving 12 months from time of diagnosis as well as from 6, 12, and 18 months after diagnosis was significantly higher in patients diagnosed in 2005 through 2008 than those diagnosed in 1998 through 2004. Of demographic and treatment‐related factors evaluated, only age was associated with hazard of death at diagnosis and 1 and 3 years after diagnosis (P < .0001 at each time point).CONCLUSIONS:Patients surviving past 2 years from diagnosis have a relatively favorable conditional probability of survival into the future compared to newly diagnosed patients. This effect becomes more pronounced with increasing time since diagnosis. These data will assist in the counseling of glioblastoma survivors. Cancer 2012. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
The Effect of Boron Doping Level on The Morphology and Structure of Ultra/Nanocrystalline Diamond Films
Authors: Souza Fernando A. , Azevedo Adriana F. , Giles Carlos , Saito Eduardo , Baldan Maurício R. , Ferreira Neidenêi G. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractIn this work, boron‐doped nanocrystalline diamond (BDND) films are grown on silicon substrates by hot‐filament (HF)CVD in Ar/H2/CH4 gas mixtures. In this study, the transition from ultra‐nanocrystalline to nanocrystalline diamond films is clearly shown by the addition of boron dopant to the growth of the gas mixture. The doping process consists of an additional H2 line passing through a bubbler containing B2O3 dissolved in methanol with various B/C ratios. Five sample sets are obtained with doping in the methanol bubbler solution of 2 000, 5 000, 10 000, 20 000, and 30 000 ppm for a 16 h growth time. The morphology, roughness, and structure of these films have markedly different properties. The cross‐section of the films is characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showing the transition from ultra‐nanocrystalline growth (renucleation process) to a columnar structure of nanocrystalline films. The acceptor density values, evaluated by Raman spectra and by Mott‐Schottky plot analysis, vary from 1020 to 1021 B cm−3 as the doping level increases. The grain size and the relative intensity of the (111)/(220) peaks are obtained from X‐ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the films. The diamond average grain size increases from 10 to 35 nm for films with 2 000 and 30 000 ppm B/C, respectively, in the methanol bubbler solution. The preferential orientation also changes, from (220) to (111), as the boron doping level increases.
β‐Diketiminato–Alkaline Earth Cationic Complexes: Synthesis, Structures, Lactide Polymerization and Unusual Oxidative Reactivity of the Ancillary Ligand
Authors: Liu Bo , Dorcet Vincent , Maron Laurent , Carpentier Jean‐François , Sarazin Yann 
Published: May 2012

AbstractWell‐defined (β‐diketiminate)calcium and ‐strontium cationic complexes paired with weakly coordinating anions have been prepared in high yields by straightforward protocols. These highly electrophilic species are efficient catalysts for the immortal ring‐opening polymerization of lactide and display unusual reactivity by providing a unique example of oxidation of a {BDIiPr} core to give a diiminoalkoxide.
Highly Selective Primary Alkoxycarboxylation and Esterification of Unprotected Pyranose Derivatives Mediated by Scandium(III) Triflate Catalysis
Authors: McClure Michael S. , Berry Malcolm B. , Caine Darren , Crawford Claire , Crump Brian C. , Glover Bobby N. , Kedia Sandeep B. , Millar Alan , Mitchell Mark B. , Nichols Christopher J. , Patterson Daniel E. , Powers Jeremiah 
Published: May 2012

AbstractA highly selective method for the alkoxycarboxylation and acylation of primary alcohols of pyranose derivatives is described. The reaction is high yielding and proceeds under mild conditions with 0.15–1 mol‐% Sc(OTf)3 used in combination with anhydrides or pyrocarbonates at 40–50 °C. Selectivities observed for alkoxycarboxylation of unprotected pyranose derivatives are > 95 %, and this constitutes a significant advantage over existing methods. Mechanistic implications, including the role of steric demand and metal–heteroatom coordination are also discussed.
Two‐Photon Fluorescent Probes for Bioimaging
Authors: Yao Sheng , Belfield Kevin D. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractWith the extensive use of two‐photon fluorescence microscopy (2PFM) in the biomedical field, the need for development of fluorescent probes with improved two‐photon fluorescence (2PF) properties has triggered extensive studies in the synthesis of new probes that undergo efficient two‐photon absorption (2PA). In order to provide a more comprehensive comparison of fluorophores for 2PF bioimaging, a figure of merit (FM) was developed by normalizing the 2PA action cross‐section, a commonly used parameter for characterizing bioimaging 2PF probes, by the photodecomposition quantum yield. Another important aspect of developing 2PA fluorophores is hydrophilicity. Although hydrophilic fluorophores are generally preferred in 2PFM bioimaging, hydrophobic fluorophores are typically easier to synthesize and purify, and have been used successfully in 2PFM bioimaging. The methodologies of dispersing hydrophobic fluorophores into aqueous media, such as in a DMSO/water mixture, micelles, silica nanoparticles, or forming polymer nanoparticles, are reviewed. The design and synthesis of hydrophilic 2PA fluorophores, achieved by introducing polyethylene glycol (PEG), anionic acid groups, cationic ammonium salt, and PAMAM dendrimers, is presented. Introduction of specificity to target certain biomarkers via labeling of antibodies, DNA, smallbioactive molecules, and peptides, and for the sensing of sepcific cations and pH, is also reviewed.
Silylcyanation of Aldehydes, Ketones, and Imines Catalyzed by a 6,6′‐Bis‐sulfonamide Derivative of 7,7′‐Dihydroxy‐8,8′‐biquinolyl (azaBINOL)
Authors: Sephton Selena Milicevic , Wang Chao , Zakharov Lev N. , Blakemore Paul R. 
Published: May 2012

Abstract6,6′‐Bis(methylaminosulfonyl)‐7,7′‐dihydroxy‐8,8′‐biquinolyl (3) catalyzes (5–10 mol‐%) the addition of trimethylsilyl cyanide to aldehydes (aryl, alkyl, and α,β‐unsaturated; 42–92 % yields), ketones (aryl alkyl, dialkyl; 22–82 % yields), andN‐benzylaldimines (14–78 % yields) in toluene (0 °C or room temp.) to give the expected cyanohydrin and Strecker adducts following desilylation. Among a series of closely related compounds lacking any one of their defining structural features, bis‐sulfonamide3and itsN,N′‐dimethyl derivative are exceptional in catalyzing the silylcyanation of benzaldehyde in the absence of all other additives. Hammett analysis of the competitive silylcyanation ofpara‐substituted benzaldehydes catalyzed by3showed a linear free‐energy relationship (R2= 0.928) with a modest positive reaction constant (ρ= +1.52). X‐ray diffraction analysis of (±)‐3indicated acisoidbiaryl conformation and the existence of an intramolecular hydrogen bond between C7′–OH and C7–O. Resolution of (±)‐3was achieved by HPLC separation of its tetravalerate derivative on a chiral stationary phase. The absolute configurations of the optical isomers of3were assigned by correlation of the ECD spectra with those of related biquinolyls of known configuration. The silylcyanation of aldehydes catalyzed by (–)‐(aR)‐3leads to cyanohydrins with a preference for the (S)‐configured product with aneeof <10 %. The organocatalytic action of3is ascribed to hydrogen bonding and Brønsted acid catalysis effects that are dependent on its acidifying sulfonamide groups, general base capability, and interannular proximity effects made possible by the biaryl structure.
Correct treatment of rotation of sliding surfaces in a kinematic model of the triple friction pendulum bearing
Authors: Becker Tracy C. , Mahin Stephen A. 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACTThis paper addresses the treatment of the rotation of the internal components of the triple friction pendulum (TFP) isolation bearing in a numerical model previously presented by the authors. The numerical model is based on the kinematic behavior of the individual sliding surfaces and the constitutive relationships between them. The modification suggested in this paper improves the performance of the model so that the results exactly match that of the one‐dimensional piecewise linear behavior previously derived for the TFP bearing for restricted properties. The improved numerical model simulates bidirectional shear response and places no a priori restrictions on the bearing properties. The modification is put in the form of a technical communication so that the notation used and the basis of the correction could be presented with adequate clarity and so that an example of the benefit of the correction could be presented. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Exploiting genetic variation to improve wheat composition for the prevention of chronic diseases
Authors: Shewry Peter R. , Ward Jane L. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe increasing global population places a clear priority on increasing food production. However, the continued undernourishment of a significant proportion of the global population is accompanied by increases in developed and rapidly developing countries of over‐consumption, particularly of highly refined processed foods which are rich in starch, sugars, and fats, including products made from white wheat flour. This diet combined with an increasingly sedentary lifestyle is associated with a cluster of symptoms which have been termed the metabolic syndrome and are associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease, and forms of cancer. There is clear evidence that the consumption of either wholegrain cereals or components present in these (notably dietary fiber) has beneficial effects in reducing the risk of the metabolic syndrome and associated diseases. This article therefore reviews the major groups of bioactive components present in the wheat grain and discusses strategies for manipulating their amounts and compositions to increase the health benefits of both wholegrain and white flour products.
The Relationships among Internal Marketing, Job Satisfaction, Relationship Marketing, Customer Orientation, and Organizational Performance: An Empirical Study of TFT‐LCD Companies in Taiwan
Authors: Wu Wann‐Yih , Tsai Chia‐Chun , Fu Chen‐Su 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe thin film technology liquid‐crystal displays (TFT‐LCD) industry has become one of the main industries in Taiwan. In this research, we take Taiwanese TFT‐LCD industrial companies as the research objects and try to identify the interrelationships among internal marketing, job satisfaction, relationship marketing, customer orientation, and organizational performance. Although these companies are classified as part of the manufacturing industry, it is suggested that their service components could be the focus of greater attention to enhance the success of their business operations. Analytical results indicate that internal marketing, job satisfaction, and customer orientation have significant influences on relationship marketing as well as the organizational performance of TFT‐LCD manufacturing companies. Therefore, Taiwan TFT‐LCD manufacturing companies need to implement relationship marketing continuously, increase employee job satisfaction, and inspire employees to become more customer oriented in order to increase productivity. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effectiveness of the Smart Healthcare Glove System for Elderly Persons with Hypertension
Authors: Kim Ryang‐Hee , Cho Gilsoo 
Published: May 2012

AbstractWith the global population growth of elderly persons, there has been a tendency toward higher quality of life, along with continually increasing expectations and needs for enhanced health care for elderly persons. The purposes of this research were to develop the E‐textile–based Smart Healthcare Glove System (SHGS) with Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulator (TENS) as a health care device for the elderly hypertensive, and to evaluate the effectiveness of SHGS for hypertensive treatment. The SHGS consists of an inner glove with sensor‐embedded conductive textiles; an outer glove; a TENS for electrical stimulation; and an arm band for a ubiquitous health care wearable device. The SHGS with TENS is used for hypertension treatment and care by electrically stimulating meridian points on the palm. The health care performance test was carried out with a dozen elderly female patients (six Senior‐old‐ageing and six Old‐ageing groups) suffering from hypertension, and was conducted to measure blood pressure and pulse rate before and after wearing the SHGS with TENS for 15 min. Significantly, this study found that the mean blood pressure of all 12 patients after wearing SHGS decreased from 142.58 ± 9.90/82.46 ± 4.45 mmHg to 119.83 ± 9.23/75.79 ± 4.90 mmHg in systolic blood pressure (p < .001) as well as diastolic blood pressure (p < .01) by paired t test. Also, the mean blood pressure of chronic hypertensive patients decreased significantly from 149.25 ± 9.45/82.75 ± 2.70 mmHg to 125.33 ± 9.78/76.67 ± 3.31 mmHg in systolic blood pressure (p < .001). In addition, there was a significant difference in blood pressure before and after wearing the SHGS by Wilcoxon signed rank test (p value: 0.0313, 0.0005). These results suggest that SHGS decreases blood pressure, improves irregular blood circulation, and can be an effective high‐tech health care device for elderly hypertensive patients. Although this study used only elderly participants, the results of the study may be generalized to hypertensive patients at any age. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Indoor Human Wayfinding Performance Using Vertical and Horizontal Signage in Virtual Reality
Authors: Vilar Elisângela , Rebelo Francisco , Noriega Paulo 
Published: May 2012

AbstractDisorientation has many costs. It may lead to physical fatigue, stress, and frustration and can also jeopardize people's safety. Designing wayfinding aids to fit people's needs can facilitate their environmental knowledge acquisition and, therefore, improve their wayfinding performance. The scope of this article is human wayfinding in unfamiliar buildings, considering only individual pedestrian movement in an immersive virtual environment. The purpose is to investigate the use of external information at a higher level of awareness (e.g., signage) as a wayfinding aid, as well as the use of immersive virtual reality (VR) to study indoor wayfinding. Fifty‐four volunteers accomplished a wayfinding task (i.e., finding a room from the building's entrance) within a virtual building, employing two types of signage systems (i.e., vertical and horizontal conditions). A neutral condition (no signage) was also considered as a control condition to be used as a baseline. Aside from the success of the wayfinding task (getting to the destination), other performance metrics (distance traveled, time spent, number of pauses, and average speed) were analyzed and compared. Although the differences found are not statistically significant, findings suggest that participants assigned to the horizontal condition traveled smaller distances, spent less time, made fewer pauses, and moved at higher average speed than those assigned to vertical and neutral conditions. Gender‐related differences were found statistically significant only in the average speed variable (females were faster than males). © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
On the attribution of changing pan evaporation in a nature reserve in SW China
Authors: You Guangyong , Zhang Yiping , Liu Yuhong , Song Qinghai , Lu Zhiyun , Tan Zhenghong , Wu Chuansheng , Xie Youneng 
Published: May 2012

AbstractNegative trends of measured pan evaporation are widely reported. Studies of the factors that underlie this reduction in pan evaporation have not reached a consensus about the controlling factors. Most studies employ statistical analysis (correlation analysis or stepwise regression) to identify the controlling climatic variables; in contrast, few studies have employed physical‐based theories. In addition, observations of pan evaporation and related climatic variables are reported to be influenced by anthropogenic activities. Consequently, the observed trends of climatic variables in a nature reserve would be useful for understanding regional climate change. The present study site is located in Ailaoshan National Nature Reserve, SW China, which is free of anthropogenic activity. In this study, we firstly applied the adjusted PenPan model to estimate the pan evaporation. Then, using this physical‐based model, we identified a positive trend in pan evaporation, with a much larger increase in the dry season than in the wet season. The model results indicate that the change in the aerodynamic component is larger than that in the radiative component. In contrast to the reduction in wind speed and sunshine hours that has been reported in previous studies at various sites, we found that wind speed and sunshine hours have increased in recent decades, thereby explaining the increase of the pan evaporation rate. Wind speed made the greatest contribution to the change in pan evaporation, followed by sunshine duration. This study indicates that the potential evaporation has increased at this site despite the widely reported reduction in measured pan evaporation. During the dry season, the availability of water for agriculture and agroforestry could be threatened. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Influence of extracellular matrix proteins in enhancing bacterial adhesion to titanium surfaces
Authors: Mahmoud Hanan , Williams David W. , Hannigan Ailish , Lynch Christopher D. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractAim:To examine the influence of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in enhancing bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation on titanium surfaces.Materials and methods:The adherence of 21 bacterial isolates to prepolished 1 cm2 titanium samples was screened using fluorescence microscopy. Three isolates that exhibited “low” (Porphyromonas gingivalis R17870), “moderate” (Porphyromonas gingivalis 5335), and “extensive” (Prevotella denticola R9102) adherence to titanium were then examined for titanium adherence in the presence of the ECM proteins vitronectin, fibronectin, laminin, collagen type I, and collagen type IV.Results:Several ECM proteins had a considerable effect on increasing adherence of the bacteria to titanium compared to a control (no protein treatment). The most significant difference was seen with vitronectin for P. gingivalis 5335 (p < 0.001 at 4 h, 24‐h incubation times) and P. gingivalis R17870 (p < 0.05 at 4 h, 24 h incubation times). For P. denticola R9102, vitronectin was not found to enhance adherence at 4 h, (p > 0.05), whilst collagen type I and fibronectin did result in significantly enhanced adherence (p < 0.05, 24 h).Conclusions:ECM matrix proteins promote adherence of potential periodontal pathogenic bacteria to titanium surfaces. Management of diseases such as peri‐implantitis should focus on limitation of this bacterial adherence to reduce/eliminate biofilms. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2012.