bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A multiplex one‐step PCR method for the simultaneous identification of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, B. mucronatus and B. doui– three species within the xylophilus group
Authors: Zhuo K. , Luo M. , Cui R. Q. , Liao J. L. 
Published: January 2010

SummaryThe pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, causes severe damage to pines in Eastern Asia. Bursaphelenchus mucronatus and B. doui resemble closely B. xylophilus morphologically, moreover they were found frequently in this area recently. It is necessary to identify the three species precisely and rapidly. In this study, we report the results of a multiplex one‐step polymerase chain reaction (PCR) utilizing five primers to identify and discriminate the three Bursaphelenchus species simultaneously. The multiplex one‐step PCR yielded one fragment of about 1000 bp for all Bursaphelenchus populations tested. Futhermore, B. xylophilus, B. mucronatus and B. doui produced another fragment of about 100, 350 and 600 bp respectively. This approach is simple and reliable to simultaneously identify the above three species within the xylophilus group usually encountered together in a nematode assay.
The influence of a health education programme on healthy lifestyles and practices among university students
Authors: Abu‐Moghli Fathieh A , Khalaf Inaam A , Barghoti Farihan F 
Published: January 2010

Abu‐Moghli FA, Khalaf IA, Barghoti FF. International Journal of Nursing Practice 2010; 16: 35–42 The influence of a health education programme on healthy lifestyles and practices among university studentsThis study aimed at exploring the lifestyles of university students, the relationship between specific demographical variables and health practices and the role of training in improving these practices. An experimental and a comparison group were selected using the convenient sampling method. Two 5‐day training programmes on healthy lifestyles were conducted. Self‐reported behaviours of both groups were assessed before and after the programme. The results reflected slightly positive health practices related to the three behavioural categories with the type of diet being the highest and physical activity being the lowest. No significant differences were reflected in relation to the selected variables. A positive influence of training on improving health behaviours of university students related to the three behavioural categories was observed. Results suggest a similar course to be included as a university elective and students' involvement in available extra curricular activities be encouraged.
Elderly persons' experiences of striving to receive care on their own terms in nursing homes
Authors: Anderberg Patrice , Berglund Anna‐Lena 
Published: January 2010

Anderberg P, Berglund A‐L. International Journal of Nursing Practice 2010; 16: 64–68 Elderly persons' experiences of striving to receive care on their own terms in nursing homesElderly persons' participation in and decisions about their own care need more attention. The aim of this study was to gain a deeper understanding of elderly persons' experiences of care and help, and how their lives change in nursing homes. Fifteen elderly persons living in four nursing homes were interviewed about their experiences of needing care and help in their daily life. The interviews were analysed using van Manen's phenomenological approach. Elderly persons' experiences of care and help were described as: a balance between sorrow and relief, a struggle to maintain control and connectedness, managing to live in the present and yet worrying about the future, and an attempt to hide one's vulnerability in order to be accepted and create an inner calm in an exposed situation. In conclusion, important issues were raised concerning elderly persons' perspectives on care and help in daily life in nursing homes.
Bedside nursing handover: A case study
Authors: Chaboyer Wendy , McMurray Anne , Wallis Marianne 
Published: January 2010

Chaboyer W, McMurray A, Wallis M. International Journal of Nursing Practice 2010; 16: 27–34 Bedside nursing handover: A case studyA case study of six wards in two hospitals was undertaken to describe the structures, processes and perceptions of outcomes of bedside handover in nursing. A total of 532 bedside handovers were observed and 34 interviews with nurses were conducted. Important structural elements related to the staff, patients, the handover sheet and the bedside chart. A number of processes before, during and after the handover were implemented. They included processes for managing patients and their visitors, sensitive information, and the flow of communication for variable shift starting times. Other key processes identified were the implementation of a safety scan and medication check. The situation, background, assessment and recommendations approach was used only in specific circumstances. Perceived outcomes were categorized as improving accuracy and service delivery, and promoting patient‐centred care. Although the move to bedside handover is not the norm, it reflects a patient‐centred approach.
Experiences of the new role of advanced practice nurses in Swedish primary health care—A qualitative study
Authors: Lindblad Emma , Hallman Elsie‐Britt , Gillsjö Catharina , Lindblad Ulf , Fagerström Lisbeth 
Published: January 2010

Lindblad E, Hallman E‐B, Gillsjö C, Lindblad U, Fagerström L. International Journal of Nursing Practice 2010; 16: 69–74 Experiences of the new role of advanced practice nurses in Swedish primary health care—A qualitative studyThe aim of this study was to investigate and describe the experiences of the first advanced practice nurses (APNs), a new profession for Swedish health care, and of their supervising general practitioners (GPs), regarding the new role and scope of practice of APNs in primary health care. Individual interviews were conducted with the four first APNs and one focus group interview was conducted with five supervising physicians. The material was transcribed verbatim and analysed using latent content analysis. The respondents expressed confidence and trust in the new role of APNs. Some opposition to this new role from the GPs and other colleagues was observed, but was nonetheless overcome. The experiences of the APN role indicate that the new role is clearly demarcated from the role of physicians. The APNs were considered an extra resource for both the GPs and other nurses, which contributed to an increased availability of care for patients. The APN role requires an explicit definition and demarcation in relation to responsibility and roles among colleagues. Further development of the APN role presupposes the right to prescribe medication and order treatments, as well as an evaluation of patient, organizational and inter‐professional perspectives on the matter.
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea: From pathogenesis to treatment: Current controversies and future directions
Authors: EASTWOOD Peter R. , MALHOTRA Atul , PALMER Lyle J. , KEZIRIAN Eric J. , HORNER Richard L. , IP Mary S. , THURNHEER Robert , ANTIC Nick A. , HILLMAN David R. 
Published: January 2010

ABSTRACTObstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a common disease, recognized as an independent risk factor for a range of clinical conditions, such as hypertension, stroke, depression and diabetes. Despite extensive research over the past two decades, the mechanistic links between OSA and other associated clinical conditions, including metabolic disorders and cardiovascular disease, remain unclear. Indeed, the pathogenesis of OSA itself remains incompletely understood. This review provides opinions from a number of leading experts on issues related to OSA and its pathogenesis, interaction with anaesthesia, metabolic consequences and comorbidities, cardiovascular disease, genetics, measurement and diagnosis, surgical treatment and pharmacotherapeutic targets.
Reduced inorganic sulfur oxidation supports autotrophic and mixotrophic growth of Magnetospirillum strain J10 and Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense
Authors: Geelhoed Jeanine S. , Kleerebezem Robbert , Sorokin Dimitry Y. , Stams Alfons J. M. , Van Loosdrecht Mark C. M. 
Published: January 2010

SummaryMagnetotactic bacteria are present at the oxic–anoxic transition zone where opposing gradients of oxygen and reduced sulfur and iron exist. Growth of non‐magnetotactic lithoautotrophic Magnetospirillum strain J10 and its close relative magnetotactic Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense was characterized in microaerobic continuous culture. Both strains were able to grow in mixotrophic (acetate + sulfide) and autotrophic (sulfide or thiosulfate) conditions. Autotrophically growing cells completely converted sulfide or thiosulfate to sulfate and produced 7.5 g dry weight per mol substrate at a maximum observed growth rate of 0.09 h−1 for strain J10 and 0.07 h−1 for M. gryphiswaldense. The respiratory activity for acetate was repressed in autotrophic and also in mixotrophic cultures, suggesting acetate was used as C‐source in the latter. We have estimated the proportions of substrate used for assimilatory processes and evaluated the biomass yields per mol dissimilated substrate. The yield for lithoheterotrophic growth using acetate as the C‐source was approximately twice the autotrophic growth yield and very similar to the heterotrophic yield, showing the importance of reduced sulfur compounds for growth. In the draft genome sequence of M. gryphiswaldense homologues of genes encoding a partial sulfur‐oxidizing (Sox) enzyme system and reverse dissimilatory sulfite reductase (Dsr) were identified, which may be involved in the oxidation of sulfide and thiosulfate. Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense is the first freshwater magnetotactic species for which autotrophic growth is shown.
Diel cycling of DNA staining and nifH gene regulation in the unicellular cyanobacterium Crocosphaera watsonii strain WH 8501 (Cyanophyta)
Authors: Pennebaker Kory , Mackey Katherine R. M. , Smith Rachelle M. , Williams Stanly B. , Zehr Jonathan P. 
Published: January 2010

Summary Crocosphaera watsonii WH 8501 is a marine unicellular cyanobacterium that fixes nitrogen primarily during the dark phase of a light–dark (LD) cycle. Circadian clocks modulate gene transcription and cellular activity in many, if not all, cyanobacteria. A model for circadian control has been proposed in cyanobacteria, called the oscilloid model, which is based on topological changes of nucleoid DNA which in turn regulates gene transcription. In this study, the marine unicellular diazotrophic cyanobacteria C. watsonii WH 8501 and Cyanothece sp. ATCC 51142 were found to have daily fluctuations in DNA staining using Hoechst 33342 and SYBR I Green fluorescent dyes. Up to 20‐fold decreases in DNA fluorescence of Hoechst‐stained cells were observed during the dark phase when cultures were grown with a 12:12 LD cycle or under continuous light (LL). The variation in DNA staining was consistent with changes in DNA topology proposed in the oscilloid model. The abundance of nifH transcripts in C. watsonii WH 8501 was rhythmic under LD and LL cycles, consistent with a circadian rhythm. Cycles of DNA fluorescence and photosynthetic efficiency were disrupted when cultures were shifted into an early dark phase; however, nifH transcripts predictably increased in abundance following the premature transition from light to darkness. Thus, nifH gene expression in C. watsonii WH 8501 appears to be influenced by both circadian and environmental factors.
EXACT AND SUPERLATIVE WELFARE CHANGE INDICATORS
Authors: Diewert W. E. 
Published: January 2010

An exact welfare change indicator is defined to be a known function of the price and quantity data for two periods (for a utility maximizing consumer) which is exactly equal to the Hicksian equivalent variation. A welfare change indicator is termed superlative if it is exactly equal to the equivalent variation for an expenditure function which has a second‐order approximation property.The paper exhibits a number of superlative welfare change indicators, and also reviews the earlier attempts of Hicks and Weitzman to obtain equivalent variation measures that had a second‐order approximation property.
MUSIC THAT WILL BRING BACK THE DEAD? Resurrection, Reconciliation, and Restorative Justice in Post‐Apartheid South Africa
Authors: Danaher Jr. William J. 
Published: January 2010

ABSTRACTThis essay explores how the doctrine of the Resurrection informs theological reflection on reconciliation in post‐Apartheid South Africa. It begins by establishing the fragile and liminal state of reconciliation, despite the efforts of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission. It then argues that the Resurrection offers an ecstatic and relational understanding of the human, which in turn provides a basis for advancing claims regarding human dignity and well‐being. In conversation with the work of Oliver O'Donovan and James Alison on the Resurrection, this view is further contextualized by incorporating insights from ubuntu and from the work of Judith Butler on grieving. The essay closes with proposals for how the church in post‐Apartheid South Africa can give witness to the Resurrection in its immediate life and work through advocacy and carrying on the politics of grieving.
KIERKEGAARD'S “NEW ARGUMENT” FOR IMMORTALITY
Authors: Marks Tamara Monet 
Published: January 2010

ABSTRACTThis essay examines texts from Kierkegaard's signed and pseudonymous authorship on immortality and the resurrection, challenging the received opinion that Kierkegaard's account of eternal life merely connotes a temporal, existential modality of experience as a present eternity. Kierkegaard's thoughts on immortality are more complicated than this reading allows. I demonstrate that Kierkegaard's ideas on the afterlife emerge out of a context in which the topic had been vigorously debated in both Germany and Denmark for more than a decade. In responding to these debates, Kierkegaard establishes a “new argument” for immortality that stands as a robust account of the Christian resurrection and highlights the power of a personal God at the center of life, death, and post‐mortem existence.
Semiparametric Marginal Regression Analysis for Dependent Competing Risks Under an Assumed Copula
Authors: Chen Yi-Hau 
Published: January 2010

SummaryCompeting risks problems arise in many fields of science, where two or more types of event may occur on a subject, but only the event occurring first is observed together with its occurrence time, and other events are censored. The marginal and joint distributions of event times for competing risks cannot be identified from the observed data without assuming the relationship between events. The commonly adopted independent censoring assumption may be easily violated. An alternative is to assume that the joint distribution of event times follows a known copula, which is an explicit function of the marginal distributions. On the basis of the latter assumption, we consider marginal regression analysis for dependent competing risks, with the marginal regressions performed via semiparametric transformation models, including the proportional hazards and proportional odds models. We propose a non-parametric maximum likelihood analysis, which provides explicit expressions for the score functions and information matrix, and facilitates convenient computations. Large and finite sample properties are studied. We report an illustration with data from an acquired immune deficiency syndrome clinical trial where the censoring may be dependent. The proposal can be readily used as a sensitivity analysis for assessing effects of potential dependent censoring and can incorporate external information on the association of competing risks.
WHY PHOTOGRAPHY MATTERS TO THE THEORY OF HISTORY
Authors: ROTH MICHAEL S. 
Published: January 2010

ABSTRACTGeorges Didi‐Huberman's study is concerned with epistemological and ethical questions that arise from visual representations of the Shoah, while Michael Fried's is concerned with the ontological possibilities explored by contemporary art photography. The books have two things in common: an argument against postmodern skepticism, and an insistence that photography has become a field in which questions of history, truth, and authenticity are being explored with particular acuity. Rather than reject even the possibility that photographs have something to tell us about the Shoah, Didi‐Huberman shows that they can offer important insights into the difficulties and the possibilities of apprehending some aspects of the past.Fried shows that contemporary photographic work has taken on the ambitions of high modernism by accepting the challenge of “to‐be‐seenness.” Photography as a “historical practice” does not escape from the difficulties of evidence and of the “constructed” nature of historical understanding; photography functions neither as a pure trace of the past, nor as a mere invitation to spectacle.
ITALIAN LEGACIES1
Authors: PETERS RIK 
Published: January 2010

ABSTRACTThis paper discusses David Roberts's latest book in which he seeks to throw some light on urgent postmodern historiographical issues from the angle of Italian historicism, led by Benedetto Croce (1866–1952) and Giovanni Gentile (1875–1944). Focusing on the relationship between theory and practice, Roberts argues that there was a close relationship between Italian historicism and fascism. On the basis of the principle that “reality is nothing but history”, both Croce and Gentile sought to develop a philosophy that connects historical thinking to action. In this context, Gentile's presentist interpretation of the historical sublime eventually led to totalitarianism, whereas Croce's radical historicism formed the basis of a more liberal view of society. In his discussion of the reception of the Italian tradition, Roberts rejects Carlo Ginzburg's and Hayden White's “misreadings” of Croce and Gentile, and concludes that Italian historicism is still relevant to modern historiography. In this paper I show that Roberts, by renouncing an exclusively philosophical approach to the Italian tradition, tends to overlook the underlying issues. In order to redress the balance, I argue that the political issues between Croce and Gentile went back to profound philosophical differences concerning the relationship between philosophy and history on the one hand and between past and present on the other. From this perspective, Ginzburg's and White's debates about the relationship between history and politics, and the role of the historical sublime in historiography, should not be viewed as “misreadings” of Croce and Gentile, but as mere variations on the themes of their predecessors. The relevance of the Italian tradition is therefore not primarily to be found in its response to postmodernism, but in setting the agenda for rethinking the relationship between history and practical life in the contemporary world.
Need and support: determinants of intra‐familial financial transfers in Sweden
Authors: Lennartsson Carin 
Published: January 2010

Lennartsson C. Need and support: determinants of intra‐familial financial transfers in SwedenInt J Soc Welfare 2011: 20: 66–74 © 2010 The Author(s), Journal compilation © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd and International Journal of Social Welfare.This study examined downward inter‐generational intra‐family financial transfers in Sweden made in the form of money transactions or gifts. The research questions focus on whether recipients of intra‐family financial transfers are children in ‘need’ of such support, and whether early family environment has any consequences for later financial transfers. Using data from a nationally representative survey, the results suggest that childhood disadvantages have long‐term consequences in connection with intra‐family financial transfers. Disadvantages and inequalities in childhood are likely to remain into adulthood, and children who experience adverse childhood conditions are less often recipients of later intra‐family financial support. Intra‐family transfers are also related to the ‘needs’ of the younger generation. Single parents and students from higher social class families are more often beneficiaries of financial support. In contrast, family support was no higher for unemployed children, for children lacking financial security in the form of a cash margin or for children reporting poor health.
Client contribution in negotiations on employability – categories revised?
Authors: Eskelinen L. , Olesen S.P. , Caswell D. 
Published: January 2010

Eskelinen L, Olesen SP, Caswell D. Client contribution in negotiations on employability – categories revised?Int J Soc Welfare 2010: 19: 330–338 © 2010 The Author(s), Journal compilation © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd and International Journal of Social Welfare.In this article, we explore how the institutional category ‘unemployed’ is specified in everyday practice when implementing an active employment policy. We illustrate the process of categorisation as an aspect of the in situ positioning and self‐representation of the client by examining one social worker–client talk: how the category unemployed is shaped and ‘translated’ when the client negotiates her situation with the social worker. Two types of category revisions are identified. First, the employability of the client, rather than her unemployment situation, is the issue under negotiation. Second, the client introduces new categories that are compatible with the demands of the employment system. She contributes by drawing on discursive resources related to the category of ‘active job seeker’ but does this with an own agenda of looking for a suitable job. The analysis elucidates the client's contribution to institutional practice and discusses constitutive and constituted elements of categorisation.
Planning and the Technological Society: Discussing the London Plan
Authors: RYDIN YVONNE 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe sustainable development agenda has influenced the focus of urban planning policy in many countries and localities; this article argues that its influence has been much more widespread, affecting not just the content of planning but also its discourses and practices. This reflects more profound shifts within society — shifts that put the governance of technology firmly centre‐place. Using a case study of the London Plan (the spatial development strategy for London), the discussion considers how recent debates on the Plan are being shaped by the need to focus on technological issues. Using Barry's and Feenberg's explorations of the technological society, the analysis identifies key features such as the contestation of evidence and expertise, the focus on technical details and the resultant reframing of policy discourse. The article concludes with suggestions as to the ways in which planning may change in the future.Résumé Les préoccupations liées au développement durable ont influé sur le cœur des politiques d’urbanisme dans de nombreux pays et localités. Leur influence s’est révélée beaucoup plus vaste, affectant non seulement le contenu, mais aussi les discours et pratiques en matière d’aménagement. Cette situation traduit des mutations plus profondes de la société, mutations qui donnent à la gouvernance de la technologie une solide prééminence. À partir d’une étude de cas sur le London Plan (stratégie d’aménagement spatial de Londres), est examinée la façon dont les récents débats sur le Plan sont modelés par la nécessité de s’attacher aux aspects technologiques. S’appuyant sur les explorations de la société technologique menées par Barry et par Feenberg, l’analyse identifie des caractéristiques dominantes telles que la contestation des éléments factuels et de l’expertise, la focalisation sur des détails techniques et, donc, le recadrage du discours de l’action publique. La conclusion présente les possibles évolutions futures de l’aménagement du territoire.