bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Appraisal of groundwater suitability and hydrochemical characteristics by using various water quality indices and statistical analyses in the Wadi Righ area, Algeria
Authors: Asma Bettahar , Şener Şehnaz 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
This assessment research focuses on the hydrochemical characteristics and groundwater suitability in the Wadi Righ region, in southern Algeria. The statement of the problem revolves around determining water quality using various indices including Permeability Index (PI), Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC), Water Quality Index (WQI), Sodium Percentage (Na%), Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment's Water Quality Index (CCME WQI), Magnesium Hazard (MH), Irrigation Water Quality Index (IWQI), and Kelly Index (KR). Additionally, statistical methods were utilized to establish correlations between these indices and chemical elements. The working method involved investigating hydrochemical parameters in Wadi Righ's groundwater and analyzing 52 samples. The results indicate that water quality, as assessed by the water quality indices, was categorized as very poor and unsuitable overall, with lower quality observed particularly in the central and southern regions. However, groundwater demonstrated excellence and suitability for irrigation purposes. Qualitatively, the findings suggest that there are significant relationships among irrigation suitability indices, as indicated by Pearson correlation analysis. These relationships stem from shared inputs and hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater. This analysis reinforces the quantitative findings and provides insights into the underlying factors influencing groundwater quality and suitability for irrigation in the Wadi Righ region.
Optimal determination of valve setting coefficient for the multi-tank water feeder system
Authors: Ramakrishnan Boopathi , Ganesan G. Madhavi 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Filling up water to several water distribution service tanks equitably needs a proper valve setting in the operation. Setting by trial and error requires considerable time which could invite more labour-level exercise. This study addresses the issue of unequal water distribution to elevated service tanks (ESTs). It is possible to achieve an optimal valve loss coefficient, which ensures equal water supply to all ESTs. Throttle and control valves play a crucial role in regulating the flow rate and pressure of water. An optimization framework for the valve setting coefficient is proposed. The genetic algorithm is used as an optimization model and hydraulic simulation is performed using EPANET 2.0 software through its toolkits. The proposed model is applied to a hypothetical system and illustrated. The obtained valve setting coefficients make equitable distribution of water to all the ESTs.
Prediction of flood sensitivity based on Logistic Regression, eXtreme Gradient Boosting, and Random Forest modeling methods
Authors: Wu Ying , Zhang Zhiming , Qi Xiaotian , Hu Wenhan , Si Shuai 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Floods are one of the most destructive disasters that cause loss of life and property worldwide every year. In this study, the aim was to find the best-performing model in flood sensitivity assessment and analyze key characteristic factors, the spatial pattern of flood sensitivity was evaluated using three machine learning (ML) models: Logistic Regression (LR), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), and Random Forest (RF). Suqian City in Jiangsu Province was selected as the study area, and a random sample dataset of historical flood points was constructed. Fifteen different meteorological, hydrological, and geographical spatial variables were considered in the flood sensitivity assessment, 12 variables were selected based on the multi-collinearity study. Among the results of comparing the selected ML models, the RF method had the highest AUC value, accuracy, and comprehensive evaluation effect, and is a reliable and effective flood risk assessment model. As the main output of this study, the flood sensitivity map is divided into five categories, ranging from very low to very high sensitivity. Using the RF model (i.e., the highest accuracy of the model), the high-risk area covers about 44% of the study area, mainly concentrated in the central, eastern, and southern parts of the old city area.
Vaccine for Targeted Therapy of Lung Cancer: Advances and
Developments
Authors: Kumar Suraj , Malviya Rishabha , Uniyal Prerna 
Published: May 2024

:
Considering that lung cancer is a leading global perpetrator, novel treatment approaches
must be investigated. Due to the broad spectrum of lung cancer, conventional therapies including
chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgeries, are not always effective and can have adverse
consequences. The present study's overarching objective was to enhance the development of a personalized
vaccine for targeted lung cancer therapy. Vaccination functions by eliciting a strong and
targeted immune response defense by taking advantage of the specific antigens that are expressed
by lung cancer cells. Crucial antigens associated with tumor cells have been identified with the
recognition of the genetic and immunological circumstances of lung cancer in this review. The
vaccine includes these antigens to prime the immune system, directing it toward recognizing and
attacking cancerous cells. In this review, we have addressed the possible benefits of a targeted
vaccine strategy, which include a reduction in off-target effects and an improvement in health outcomes
for patients. These studies highlight the promise of a tailored vaccine in a novel way for the
treatment of lung cancer. The integration of molecular profiling and immunological insights offers
a rationale for the design and implementation of personalized vaccines. While challenges exist,
the promise of improved treatment outcomes and reduced side effects positions targeted vaccine
therapy as a compelling avenue for advancing lung cancer treatment.
Heterologous DNA Prime/Protein Boost Immunization Targeting Nef-Tat
Fusion Antigen Induces Potent T-cell Activity and in vitro Anti-SCR
HIV-1 Effects
Authors: Sadeghi Leila , Bolhassani Azam , Mohit Elham , Baesi Kazem , Aghasadeghi Mohammad Reza 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Heterologous combinations in vaccine design are an effective approach
to promote T cell activity and antiviral effects. The goal of this study was to compare the homologous
and heterologous regimens targeting the Nef-Tat fusion antigen to develop a human immunodeficiency
virus-1 (HIV-1) therapeutic vaccine candidate.

Methods:
At first, the DNA and protein constructs harboring HIV-1 Nef and the first exon of Tat
as linked form (pcDNA-nef-tat and Nef-Tat protein) were prepared in large scale and high purity.
The generation of the Nef-Tat protein was performed in the E. coli expression system using an
IPTG inducer. Then, we evaluated and compared immune responses of homologous DNA prime/
DNA boost, homologous protein prime/ protein boost, and heterologous DNA prime/protein boost
regimens in BALB/c mice. Finally, the ability of mice splenocytes to secret cytokines after exposure
to single-cycle replicable (SCR) HIV-1 was compared between immunized and control
groups in vitro.

Results:
The nef-tat gene was successfully subcloned in eukaryotic pcDNA3.1 (-) and prokaryotic
pET-24a (+) expression vectors. The recombinant Nef-Tat protein was generated in the E. coli
Rosetta strain under optimized conditions as a clear band of ~ 35 kDa detected on SDS-PAGE.
Moreover, transfection of pcDNA-nef-tat into HEK-293T cells was successfully performed using
Lipofectamine 2000, as confirmed by western blotting. The immunization studies showed that
heterologous DNA prime/protein boost regimen could significantly elicit the highest levels of Ig-
G2a, IFN-γ, and Granzyme B in mice as compared to homologous DNA/DNA and protein/protein
regimens. Moreover, the secretion of IFN-γ was higher in DNA/protein regimens than in DNA/DNA
and protein/protein regimens after exposure of mice splenocytes to SCR HIV-1 in vitro.

Conclusion:
The chimeric HIV-1 Nef-Tat antigen was highly immunogenic, especially when applied
in a heterologous prime/ boost regimen. This regimen could direct immune response toward
cellular immunity (Th1 and CTL activity) and increase IFN-γ secretion after virus exposure.
Bioinformatics to Identify Biomarkers of Diabetic Nephropathy based on Sphingolipid Metabolism and their Molecular Mechanisms
Authors: Ning Yaxian , Zhou Xiaochun , Wang Gouqin , Zhang Lili , Wang Jianqin 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Diabetes mellitus (DM) frequently results in Diabetic Nephropathy
(DN), which has a significant negative impact on the quality of life of diabetic patients. Sphingolipid
metabolism is associated with diabetes, but its relationship with DN is unclear. Therefore,
screening biomarkers related to sphingolipid metabolism is crucial for treating DN.

Methods:
To identify Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) in the GSE142153 dataset, we
conducted a differential expression analysis (DN samples versus control samples). The intersection
genes were obtained by overlapping DEGs and Sphingolipid Metabolism-Related Genes
(SMRGs). Furthermore, The Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) and
Support Vector Machine Recursive Feature Elimination (SVM-RFE) algorithms were used to
filter biomarkers. We further analyzed the Gene Set Enrichment analysis (GSEA) and the immunoinfiltrational
analysis based on biomarkers.

Results:
We identified 2,186 DEGs associated with DN. Then, five SMR-DEGs were obtained.
Subsequently, biomarkers associated with sphingolipid metabolism (S1PR1 and SELL) were
identified by applying machine learning and expression analysis. In addition, GSEA showed that
these biomarkers were correlated with cytokine cytokine receptor interaction’. Significant variations
in B cells, DCs, Tems, and Th2 cells between the two groups suggested that these cells
might have a role in DN.

Conclusion::
Overall, we obtained two sphingolipid metabolism-related biomarkers (S1PR1 and
SELL) associated with DN, which laid a theoretical foundation for treating DN.
Complex Deposit Slope Excavation Deformation Mechanism and Seismic Reinforcement Effect Evaluation
Authors: Dong Yin , Anrun Li 
Published: May 2024

Background
To further investigate the excavation deformation mechanism and remedial strategies for slope reinforcement in the southwest mountain area, the Baihetan-Jiangsu (Zhejiang) UHV transmission project deposit slope deformation reinforcement was used as a case study.

Methods
Deep displacement monitoring, on-site testing, and FLAC3D numerical simulation techniques were employed. The assessment of the deposit slope excavation deformation mechanism and the effectiveness of seismic reinforcement for different design options and pile parameters are conducted while analyzing the seismic reinforcement mechanism.

Results and Discussions
The results showed that (1) The deposit slope composed of “multi-genetic type soil” in the converter station is prone to deformation, where the dominant instability mode is “traction creep and tension failure mode.” (2) Both circular and rectangular anti-slide piles significantly reduce the amount of slope body deformation; employing circular anti-slide piles for addressing this type of deposit slope provides enhanced anti-slide retention and economic benefits. (3) Under the influence of an earthquake, the shear force and bending moment of the anti-slide pile first increase and then decrease with the increase of seismic intensity.

Conclusion
The distribution law of shear force and bending moment in a pile should be considered comprehensively in slope support design.
Ginsenoside Rh2 Reduced Neurogenesis Dysfunction to Alleviate Depression-like Behaviour in CSDS-induced Mice
Authors: Guan Wei , Jin Xiang , Yang Yang 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Depression is a mental health disorder with high morbidity and disability
rates that has harmful effects on public health worldwide. Despite many hypotheses about its mechanism have been put forward, its deeper mechanism is still unclear. Nowadays, there are many antidepressants developed by pharmaceutical companies, such as fluoxetine, ketamine, and paroxetine used
in clinical practice, but the therapeutic effects are not satisfactory, with serious adverse reactions and
drug addiction.

Objective:
Ginsenoside Rh2 (G-Rh2) is one of the major bioactive ginsenosides extracted from
Panax ginseng that has been conducted for the treatment of many inflammatory diseases. However,
the possible mechanisms of G-Rh2 involved in these neuroprotective effects on neuroinflammation
are currently unclear.

Methods:
We established a CSDS depression model in normal mice, and then the depressive symptoms of mice were evaluated by a series of behavioral testing. Finally, molecular biology experiments were conducted to demonstrate that G-Rh2 had anti-inflammatory and antidepressant effects.

Results:
We showed that G-Rh2 (30 mg/kg) significantly relieved depressive behavior in mice via
attenuating oxidative stress injury and release of proinflammatory cytokines. Moreover, G-Rh2 reduced impaired neurogenesis in the hippocampus of CSDS-induced mice.

Conclusion:
We demonstrated the anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects of G-Rh2 to alleviate
depression through improved neurogenesis in depressive mice for the first time. What's more, we
aimed to verify the protective effects of G-Rh2 on neuroinflammation and provide novel insights for
understanding the roles of G-Rh2 in the treatment of depression
Public Abstract Wooden Sculpture Park: From tree abundance to important environmental art
Authors: Abdullah Ramlan , Legino Rafeah , Forrest David , Abdul Rasam Abdul Rauf 
Published: May 2024

This research uses a lot of tree trunks to build an abstract art studio sculpture of a four-legged animal. Sketched, drawn, and scaled animal trait models represented human vegetation management at a highway and byway road site. Use the right tool and joiner wooden technique with screws and nails in the studio. The 'running forest' series was created after finishing and cleaning, using wood stain to preserve the wood and enamel paint for artistic purposes before the artist's impression technique stimulated or relocated the sculpture to its real location. This symbolic project politely communicated with the community through wooden sculpture-based environmental art.
The Roles of NOTCH3 p.R544C and Thrombophilia Genes in Vietnamese Patients With Ischemic Stroke: Study Involving a Hierarchical Cluster Analysis
Authors: Bui Huong Thi Thu , Nguyễn Thị Phương Quỳnh , Cam Tu Ho , Nguyen Phuong Sinh , Pham Thuy Thi , Vu Thu , Nguyen Thi Thu Huyen , Khanh Ho Lam , Nguyen Tien Dung 
Published: May 2024

Background
The etiology of ischemic stroke is multifactorial. Several gene mutations have been identified as leading causes of cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), a hereditary disease that causes stroke and other neurological symptoms.

Objective
We aimed to identify the variants of NOTCH3 and thrombophilia genes, and their complex interactions with other factors.

Methods
We conducted a hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) on the data of 100 patients diagnosed with ischemic stroke. The variants of NOTCH3 and thrombophilia genes were identified by polymerase chain reaction with confronting 2-pair primers and real-time polymerase chain reaction. The overall preclinical characteristics, cumulative cutpoint values, and factors associated with these somatic mutations were analyzed in unidimensional and multidimensional scaling models.

Results
We identified the following optimal cutpoints: creatinine, 83.67 (SD 9.19) µmol/L; age, 54 (SD 5) years; prothrombin (PT) time, 13.25 (SD 0.17) seconds; and international normalized ratio (INR), 1.02 (SD 0.03). Using the Nagelkerke method, cutpoint 50% values of the Glasgow Coma Scale score; modified Rankin scale score; and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores at admission, after 24 hours, and at discharge were 12.77, 2.86 (SD 1.21), 9.83 (SD 2.85), 7.29 (SD 2.04), and 6.85 (SD 2.90), respectively.

Conclusions
The variants of MTHFR (C677T and A1298C) and NOTCH3 p.R544C may influence the stroke severity under specific conditions of PT, creatinine, INR, and BMI, with risk ratios of 4.8 (95% CI 1.53-15.04) and 3.13 (95% CI 1.60-6.11), respectively (Pfisher<.05). It is interesting that although there are many genes linked to increased atrial fibrillation risk, not all of them are associated with ischemic stroke risk. With the detection of stroke risk loci, more information can be gained on their impacts and interconnections, especially in young patients.
Impaired Awareness of Hypoglycemia in Older Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: A Post Hoc Analysis of the WISDM Study
Authors: Bilal Anika , Yi Fanchao , Whitaker Keri , Igudesman Daria , Pratley Richard , Casu Anna 
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVE
Up to one-third of older adults with type 1 diabetes experience impaired awareness of hypoglycemia (IAH), yet the factors associated with IAH remain underexplored in older adults.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
This post hoc analysis evaluated the clinical and glycemic correlates of IAH in adults ≥60 years old with type 1 diabetes in the WISDM study. IAH and normal awareness of hypoglycemia (NAH) were defined by a Clarke score of ≥4 or &lt;4, respectively. Demographic, clinical, and glycemic metrics were compared in those with IAH and NAH at baseline and in whom IAH did or did not improve over 26 weeks, using descriptive statistics and a multiple logistic regression variable selection procedure.

RESULTS
Of the 199 participants (age 68.1 ± 5.7 years, 52% female), 30.6% had IAH. At baseline, participants with IAH had a longer diabetes duration and greater daytime hypoglycemia and glycemic variability, and more participants had nondetectable C-peptide levels than those with NAH. Logistic regression associated longer diabetes duration (odds ratio [OR] 1.03, 95% CI 1.01–1.05; P = 0.008) and greater daytime hypoglycemia (OR 1.31, 95% CI, 1.15–1.51; P &lt; 0.0001) with a greater odds of IAH. A similar modeling procedure identified less daytime hypoglycemia (OR per additional percentage point 0.55, 95% CI 0.32–0.94; P = 0.029) and shorter diabetes duration (OR per additional year 0.96, 95% CI 0.91–1.004; P = 0.07) as predictors of restored awareness at 26 weeks, although the effect size for diabetes duration was not statistically significant.

CONCLUSIONS
In older adults with type 1 diabetes, longer diabetes duration and greater daytime hypoglycemia are drivers of IAH. Dedicated research can personalize IAH management.
Pemanfaatan Pekarangan Rumah Melalui Kegiatan Menanam Tanaman Obat Keluarga di Dusun 4 Tegalsari Weru Sukoharjo
Authors: Raniawati Ruri Arifah Nor , Dwinita Diah Ahdianingsih , Suwadi Fatrisya Fia , Arifin Muhammad Alexandria Husen , Anggraeni Mutiara , Nurcahyanti Lisetya Maya , Ananda Afara Tri , Winarko Julian Bramantya , Nafian Imas , Utami Sri , Fauziana Eny , Kusumaningrum Tanjung Anitasari Indah , Wijayanti Anisa Catur 
Published: May 2024

Tanaman merupakan tumbuhan yang dirawat dalam suatu media atau tempat yang dapat digunakan atau dipanen ketika telah mencapai tahap pertumbuhan tertentu. Tanaman dapat digunakan untuk mengobati berbagai macam penyakit oleh masyarakat. Penanaman tanaman obat keluarga di Dusun 4 Desa Tegalsari dilakukan karena terdapat pekarangan rumah yang belum dimanfaatkan dengan baik seperti lahan masih kosong dan tidak terdapat tanaman. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat terhadap tanaman obat keluarga sebagai alternatif pengobatan dan meningkatkan kemandirian masyarakat melalui kegiatan penanaman tanaman obat keluarga di pekarangan rumah. Metode yang digunakan yaitu pendidikan kesehatan melalui pemberian penyuluhan serta melakukan kerja bakti penanaman TOGA. Pemberian pendidikan kesehatan dilakukan melalui kegiatan ceramah mengenai manfaat dari TOGA. Media yang digunakan yaitu media buku saku yang dibuat oleh tim pengabdian. Sasaran kegiatan pengabdian ini yaitu warga RT 01, RW 09 dusun 4 Desa Tegalsari Kecamatan Weru Kabupaten Sukoharjo. Metode yang digunakan adalah ceramah dan media yang digunakan adalah buku saku. Pemberian penyuluhan tentang “Pemanfaatan Lahan Pekarangan dengan Menanam Tanaman Obat Keluarga (TOGA)” pada sasaran Bapak dan Ibu RT 01 RW O9 Dusun 4, Desa Tegalsari dengan menggunakan media buku saku TOGA dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan responden sebanyak 92% tentang pengetahuan manfaat tanaman obat keluarga, khasiat tanaman obat keluarga bagi kesehatan, dan khasiat daun kemangi dan serai wangi untuk mengusir nyamuk. Pada soal pre test dan post test terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan paling tinggi yaitu tentang manfaat kunyit sebagai antimikroba seperti antivirus, antijamur, dan antibakteri. Keberhasilan program kerja bakti menanam TOGA yaitu 95,5% berdasarkan kehadiran warga RT 01 RW 09 Dusun 4 Desa Tegalsari. Warga sudah mulai menggunakan dan melakukan budidaya Tanaman Obat Keluarga (TOGA) secara mandiri di pekarangan rumah masing-masing. Struktur organisasi pengurus TOGA berjalan secara berkelanjutan setelah pengabdian selesai dilaksanakan.
Gêneros discursivos e a tríade leitura, escrita e oralidade na perspectiva decolonial de ensino em uma escola pública de Ananindeua
Authors: Aviz Larissa da Silva Costa , Rodrigues Isabel Cristina  França dos Santos 
Published: May 2024

Objetiva mostrar as práticas do projeto: “Circuito de Leitura: Lendo para Ser Feliz”, UFPA. Para isso, mobilizamos os estudos de Bakhtin (2016), Rojo (2012), Walsh (2013) e Freire (2021). A diversidade dos saberes amazônicos alicerça as discussões. A pesquisa é qualitativa colaborativa articulada aos mediadores do projeto. A investigação ocorreu na turma do 7º ano – escola pública, Ananindeua (Pa). As atividades envolveram narrativas, propagandas e entrevistas regionais. Os resultados apontaram as articulações necessárias da leitura, escrita e oralidade no trabalho com os gêneros discursivos, potencializando e valorizando a interação entre os educandos e os saberes que atravessam a Amazônia paraense.
Analysis of Chapter Book Chemistry Class XI SMA/MA on Reaction Rate Material Based on Science Literacy Content
Authors: Putri Riri Oktatriani , Yusmaita Eka 
Published: May 2024

The independent curriculum targets to strengthen learners' literacy in each subject. The implementation of the independent curriculum is contained in the main textbooks that must be used in education units.The purpose of this study is to describe the balance of science literacy content presented in the chemistry textbook class XI SMA/MA independent curriculum which is designated as the main textbook on reaction rate material based on science literacy content so that it will be known whether the main textbook has represented the objectives of the independent curriculum. The research method used is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The results showed that the four categories of science literacy have been presented, however, it has not shown a balanced proportion between the four categories of science literacy. The percentage of occurrence of the four categories of science literacy, namely science knowledge by 53.85%; investigation of the nature of science by 35.39%; science as a way of thinking by 9.23%; and the interaction of science, technology and society by 1.54% with a ratio of 35:23:6:1. The data illustrates that the main textbook has not represented the objectives of the independent curriculum well.