bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quercetin‐3‐methyl ether inhibits lapatinib‐sensitive and ‐resistant breast cancer cell growth by inducing G2/M arrest and apoptosis
Authors: Li Jixia , Zhu Feng , Lubet Ronald A. , De Luca Antonella , Grubbs Clinton , Ericson Marna E. , D'Alessio Amelia , Normanno Nicola , Dong Zigang , Bode Ann M. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractLapatinib, an oral, small‐molecule, reversible inhibitor of both EGFR and HER2, is highly active in HER2 positive breast cancer as a single agent and in combination with other therapeutics. However, resistance against lapatinib is an unresolved problem in clinical oncology. Recently, interest in the use of natural compounds to prevent or treat cancers has gained increasing interest because of presumed low toxicity. Quercetin‐3‐methyl ether, a naturally occurring compound present in various plants, has potent anticancer activity. Here, we found that quercetin‐3‐methyl ether caused a significant growth inhibition of lapatinib‐sensitive and ‐resistant breast cancer cells. Western blot data showed that quercetin‐3‐methyl ether had no effect on Akt or ERKs signaling in resistant cells. However, quercetin‐3‐methyl ether caused a pronounced G2/M block mainly through the Chk1‐Cdc25c‐cyclin B1/Cdk1 pathway in lapatinib‐sensitive and ‐resistant cells. In contrast, lapatinib produced an accumulation of cells in the G1 phase mediated through cyclin D1, but only in lapatinib‐sensitive cells. Moreover, quercetin‐3‐methyl ether induced significant apoptosis, accompanied with increased levels of cleaved caspase 3, caspase 7, and poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP) in both cell lines. Overall, these results suggested that quercetin‐3‐methyl ether might be a novel and promising therapeutic agent in lapatinib‐sensitive or ‐resistant breast cancer patients. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Toward an Optimal Approach for Variable Selection in Counter‐Propagation Neural Networks: Modeling Protein‐Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitory of Flavanoids Using Substituent Electronic Descriptors
Authors: Hemmateenejad Bahram , Mehdipour Ahmadreza , Deeb Omar , Sanchooli Mahmood , Miri Ramin 
Published: November 2011

AbstractCounter propagation neural network (CPNN) is one of the attractive tools of classification in QSAR studies. A major obstacle in classification by CPNN is finding the best subset of variables. In this study, the performance of some different feature selection algorithms including F score‐based ranking, eigenvalue ranking of PCs obtained from data set, Non‐Error‐Rate (NER) ranking of both descriptors and PCs, and 3‐way handling of data, Parallel Factor Analysis (PARAFAC), was evaluated in order to find the best classification model. The methods were applied for modeling protein‐tyrosine kinase inhibitory of some flavonoid derivatives using substituent electronic descriptors (SED) as novel source of electronic descriptors. The results showed that the best performance was achieved by F‐score ranking while the NER ranking of principal components (PCs) showed very fluctuate results and the worst performance was belonging to PARAFAC‐CPNN. Furthermore, comparison of results of these nonlinear algorithms with linear discriminate analysis method revealed better predictions by the former.
Estimation of melt film variables during the steady‐state penetration phase of thermoplastic vibration welding using a generalized newtonian fluid model
Authors: Patham Bhaskar , Foss Peter H. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe thickness of the melt film and the temperature profiles within the melt film in the weld zone are key process variables governing the development of weld‐zone microstructures and the resulting development of weld strengths, during vibration welding of thermoplastics. The mathematical model described in this report is aimed at investigating the role of the rheology of the melt—specifically the magnitude and shear‐rate as well as temperature dependence of the melt viscosity—in governing the process variables such as the molten film thickness and the viscosities, stresses, and the temperatures within the melt film during vibration welding. The analysis is focused on the steady‐state penetration phase (phase III) of vibration welding. The coupled steady‐state momentum balance and heat transfer within the melt film, formulated using the Cross‐WLF (Williams‐Landel‐Ferry) relationship for viscosity, are solved in an iterative finite element framework. The model has been implemented for two different polymers displaying significant differences in viscosities and shear thinning behaviors. An attempt has been made to correlate the trends in the estimated melt film variables with the experimentally measured weld quality. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2012. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers
Morphology development in the gate region of microinjection‐molded thermoplastics
Authors: Chu Jing‐Song , Kamal Musa R. , Derdouri Abdessalem , Hrymak Andy 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe melt experiences extremely high shear rates as it travels through the very small gate, in the microinjection molding process. The combination of the high shear rates, extensive viscous heating, and the large thermal gradients has a profound influence on the characteristics of the moldings. However, many of these interactions are not clearly understood. In this study, the morphology of moldings in the gate region was observed using a polarized light microscope. Moreover, the specimens from different regions of micromoldings were analyzed using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). Two materials were selected for the study: polyoxymethylene (POM) and high‐density polyethylene. Three special morphological features were observed in the gate region for POM but not for polyethylene. The results obtained using the DSC were explained in light of the microstructural features observed using polarized light microscopy. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers
Jacketed homopolymer with bipolar dendritic side groups and its applications in electroluminescent devices
Authors: Zhang Wei , Jin Hao , Wang Dan , Chu Zengze , Shen Zhihao , Zou Dechun , Fan Xinghe 
Published: November 2011

AbstractA dendritic monomer with bipolar side groups containing dendritic carbazole and oxadiazole structures was synthesized by a convergent strategy. The homopolymer was synthesized through a conventional radical polymerization. The number‐average molecular weight determined by gel permeation chromatography was 40,000 g/mol. Its 5% weight loss temperature was 358 °C. Its photophysical properties were studied in solution and in film. The photoluminescent emission peak of the film was at 408 nm, which had a blue shift of 9 nm compared with that of the tetrahydrofuran solution. And there was an energy transfer from oxadiazole to carbazole. The highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lower unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) levels calculated from cyclic voltammetry data were ‐5.55 and ‐2.52 eV, respectively, and the band gap was 3.03 eV, which suggested that the polymer had both hole‐ and electron‐transporting capabilities. The efficiencies of the single‐layer device based on this homopolymer were much higher than those of the same‐generation homopolymer without the oxadiazole moiety. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011
Influence of silver dopant on the morphology and ultraviolet emission in aligned ZnO nanostructures
Authors: Fan Donghua , Zhang Rong , Wang Xianghu , Huang Shaolong , Peng Huiren 
Published: November 2011

AbstractSilver‐doped ZnO nanostructures were prepared by a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. Compared with pure ZnO, the doped samples have a lower crystallinity and a shift of the (002) diffraction peak to lower angle. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results testify the incorporation of silver (Ag) into the ZnO nanostructures with the ratio of Ag/Zn = 1.22%. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) micrographs show that the introduction of Ag leads to morphological changes, and that the prepared nanostructures are single crystalline and grow along the (0002) direction. The detailed growth mechanism of the nanostructures is proposed and discussed. The room‐temperature photoluminescence (PL) spectra indicate that the introduction of Ag can improve the intensity of ultraviolet (UV) emission, suggesting the great application prospect in UV optoelectronic devices. The temperature‐dependent PL spectra reveal that the nature of UV emission in Ag‐doped ZnO nanostructures should be related with the free‐exciton (FX) longitudinal optical (LO) phonon replicas, and the enhanced UV emission could be attributed to the increasing concentration of excitons caused by Ag doping.
Lattice distortion in ion beam synthesized silicon nanocrystals in SiOx thin films
Authors: Saxena Nupur , Kumar Pragati , Agarwal Avinash , Kanjilal Dinakar 
Published: November 2011

AbstractLattice deformation is observed in nanocrystalline silicon synthesized by ion beam induced phase separation of SiOx films. The separation of silicon and silicon dioxide phases is achieved in the suboxide films after irradiation with a 100‐MeV Ag beam. The interaction of a high‐energy heavy ion beam with the material is dominated by an electronic energy loss process. A large amount of energy is deposited uniformly in the material through this process. Glancing angle X‐ray diffraction (GAXRD), micro‐Raman spectroscopy, high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), selected‐area electron diffraction (SAED), and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX) measurements were carried out. The results confirm the occurrence of phase separation in non‐stoichiometric silicon oxide by means of ion‐beam irradiation leading to the formation of silicon nanocrystals in the films. The lattice of silicon nanocrystals is found to be deformed (contracted). The X‐ray diffraction studies and HRTEM studies reveal the occurrence of two different phases of silicon, viz. cubic (fcc) phase and high‐pressure (contracted lattice) phase, simultaneously. The observations are explained on the basis of ion beam induced pressure and thermal spike in the ion track.
Estimation of dynamic treatment strategies for maintenance therapy of children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: an application of history‐adjusted marginal structural models
Authors: Rosthøj S. , Keiding N. , Schmiegelow K. 
Published: November 2011

Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia is treated with long‐term intensive chemotherapy. During the latter part of the treatment, the maintenance therapy, the patients receive oral doses of two cytostatics. The doses are tailored to blood counts measured on a weekly basis, and the treatment is therefore highly dynamic.In 1992–1996, the Nordic Society of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology (NOPHO) conducted a randomised study (NOPHO‐ALL‐92) to investigate the effect of a new and more sophisticated dynamic treatment strategy. Unexpectedly, the new strategy worsened the outcome for the girls, whereas there were no treatment differences for the boys. There are as yet no general guidelines for optimising the treatment.On basis of the data from this study, our goal is to formulate an alternative dosing strategy. We use recently developed methods proposed by van der Laan et al. [1] to obtain statistical models that may be used in the guidance of how the physicians should assign the doses to the patients to obtain the target of the treatment. We present a possible strategy and discuss the reliability of this strategy. The implementation is complicated, and we touch upon the limitations of the methods in relation to the formulation of alternative dosing strategies for the maintenance therapy. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Coconstructing Meaning: Interactive Literary Discussions in Kindergarten Read‐Alouds
Authors: Hoffman Jessica L. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe new age of digital media and information technologies demands more complex interpretive meaning‐making from readers than ever before. Early childhood teachers must therefore incorporate higher‐level literacy instruction focused on interpretative meaning to prepare students to meet these increasing literacy demands. This study redesigned the kindergarten classroom read aloud into an instructional context for interpretive meaning‐making, rather than only literal level comprehension, where the meaning was constructed through interactive discussion. This article presents four teacher instructional supports for early childhood read aloud discussions designed to foster student engagement in interpretive meaning‐making. Integration of the instructional supports created a read aloud climate centered on co‐construction of interpretive meaning among the teacher and her students.
Influence of Preoperative Chemotherapy on the Intraoperative and Postoperative Course of Liver Resection for Colorectal Cancer Metastases
Authors: Spelt Lidewij , Hermansson Lina , Tingstedt Bobby , Andersson Roland 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBackgroundLiver resection is a possibly curative treatment for colorectal cancer (CRC) liver metastases. Preoperative chemotherapy may make initially irresectable tumors resectable. The aim of this study was to compare perioperative course and short‐term mortality after liver resection for CRC metastases between patients who were and were not treated with preoperative chemotherapy.MethodsPatients who had undergone liver resection for CRC metastases were included. A total of 97 patients treated with preoperative chemotherapy (group A) were compared with 136 who were not (group B). Intraoperative bleeding, operating time, complications, duration of stay, and mortality were compared using Pearson’s χ2 test, Fisher’s exact test, and the Mann–Whitney U‐test.ResultsMean intraoperative bleeding, duration of stay, and operating time were not significantly different. Complications occurred in 62.9% and 63.2% in groups A and B, respectively. The 30‐ and 90‐day mortality rates were zero in group A, comparable to 1.5% in group B.ConclusionsThere were no significant differences in the perioperative course or postoperative mortality when comparing CRC patients with or without chemotherapy prior to liver resection. Consequently, this study suggests that preoperative chemotherapy before liver resection for CRC metastases does not negatively influence perioperative outcome and can therefore be applied if “downstaging” is indicated.
Primary Closure Following Laparoscopic Common Bile Duct Exploration Combined with Intraoperative Cholangiography and Choledochoscopy
Authors: Cai Huihua , Sun Donglin , Sun Yueming , Bai Jianfeng , Zhao Hanlin , Miao Yi 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBackgroundLaparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE) has become one of the main options for treating choledocholithiasis associated with cholelithiasis. Our objective was to assess the short‐term outcomes of patients undergoing laparoscopic primary closure of the common bile duct (CBD) compared with laparoscopic choledochotomy plus T‐tube drainage.MethodsWe retrospectively studied 137 patients undergoing primary closure following LCBDE (group A) compared with 102 cases with laparoscopic choledochotomy plus T‐tube drainage (group B) between January 2007 and January 2010. Intraoperative cholangiography (IOC) and choledochoscopy were performed in all patients.ResultsThree patients in group A (2.2%) were converted to open surgery and two (2.0%) in group B because of serious adherence. According to routine IOC, unexpected CBD stones were found in 16 cases (6.8%). The duration of the operation in group A was shorter than in group B (92.4 ± 15.2 vs. 125.7± 32.6 min, P < 0.05), as was length of postoperative stay (3.1± 2.4 vs. 5.7± 4.3 days, P < 0.05). Postoperative bile leakage occurred in six patients (4.5%) in group A and four cases (4.0%) in group B; all of the patients recovered after simple drainage without reoperation. Bile peritonitis was seen in one case after T‐tube removal. The median follow‐up was 26 months. There were no recurrences.ConclusionsLaparoscopic primary closure of the CBD is safe and successful for the management of CBD stones. Application of IOC and choledochoscopy to ensure clearance of the CBD and careful suturing are essential for primary closure.
On generation of sound in wall-bounded shear flows: back action of sound and global acoustic coupling
Authors: Wu Xuesong 
Published: November 2011

AbstractIn two previous papers (Wu, J. Fluid Mech., vol. 453, 2002, p. 289, and Wu & Hogg, J. Fluid Mech., vol. 550, 2006, p. 307), a formal asymptotic procedure was developed to calculate the sound radiated by unsteady boundary-layer flows that are described by the triple-deck theory. That approach requires lengthy calculations, and so is now improved to construct a simpler composite theory, which retains the capacity of systematically identifying and approximating the relevant sources, but also naturally includes the effect of mean-flow refraction and more importantly the back action of the emitted sound on the source itself. The combined effect of refraction and back action is represented by an ‘impedance coefficient’, and the present analysis yields an analytical expression for this parameter, which was usually introduced on a semi-empirical basis. The expression indicates that for Mach number $M= O(1)$, the mean-flow refraction and back action of the sound have a leading-order effect on the acoustic field within the shallow angles to the streamwise directions. A parametric study suggests that the back effect of sound is actually appreciable in a sizeable portion of the acoustic field for $M\gt 0. 5$, becomes more pronounced, and eventually influences the entire acoustic field in the transonic limit. In the supersonic regime, the acoustic field is characterized by distinctive Mach-wave beams, which exert a leading-order influence on the source. The analysis also indicates that acoustic radiation in the subsonic and supersonic regimes is fundamentally different. In the subsonic regime, the sound is produced by small-wavenumber components of the hydrodynamic motion, and can be characterized by acoustic multipoles, whereas in the supersonic regime, broadband finite-wavenumber components of the hydrodynamic motion contribute and the concept of a multipolar source becomes untenable. The global acoustic feedback loop is investigated using a model consisting of two well-separated roughness elements, in which the sound wave emitted due to the scattering of a Tollmien–Schlichting (T–S) wave by the downstream roughness propagates upstream and impinges on the upstream roughness to regenerate the T–S wave. Numerical calculations suggest that at high Reynolds numbers and for moderate roughness heights, the long-range acoustic coupling may lead to global instability, which is characterized by self-sustained oscillations at discrete frequencies. The dominant peak frequency may jump from one value to another as the Reynolds number or the distance between the roughness elements is varied gradually.
VIII.—The Priory of St. Leonard of Stanley, Co. Gloucester, in the light of recent discoveries documentary and structural
Authors: Swynnerton C. 
Published: November 2011

Stanley, Co. Glos., is a village on the western slope of a spur of the Cotswolds one and a half miles north of Stonehouse. The village and parish are commonly called Leonard Stanley or Stanley St. Leonards to distinguish them from the next parish of King's Stanley as well as from the Wiltshire Stanley where there was also a conventual house. Occasionally it appears as Stanley Monachorum. But generally it was simply Stanley, and Stanley without qualification is the name which local lips often assign to it even at the present day.Stanley St. Leonards can boast of two most interesting churches. The older church, now degraded to farm-yard purposes, was the ancient preconquest rectory church, but it is small, a chapel in fact, and therefore, following medieval usage, we shall distinguish it from the greater monastic and present parish church by naming it as the chapel of St. Leonard.
XI.—The London Charterhouse and its old water supply
Authors: Hope W. H. St. John 
Published: November 2011

It is written in the fifth volume of the Minute Books of the Society that on Thursday, 1st May, 1746:Mr. Birch brought an old draft in a Parchment Roll done in the year 1511 of all the Stone-Wells then at Clerkenwell. This Mr. Vertue was desired to take home and give some account to the Society the next meeting: the Roll is the property of Francis Godolphin, Esq.
IX.—Excavations on the site of the Roman city at Silchester, Hants, in 1905
Authors: Hope W. H. St. John 
Published: November 2011

I Have the honour of laying before you to-night, on behalf of my colleagues, the sixteenth detailed report of the Executive Committee of the Silchester Excavation Fund, that for the year 1905.The excavations last year extended over the six months from 19th May to 18th November, and were carried out under the direction and supervision of our colleague Mr. Mill Stephenson, to whom we have again to express our grateful thanks for his ungrudging and freely given help.
VI.—Excavations on the site of the Roman city at Silchester, Hants, in 1907
Authors: Hope W. H. St. John 
Published: November 2011

I have the honour of submitting to the Society, on behalf of my colleagues of the Executive Committee of the Silchester Excavation Fund, the report of our investigations during the six months from the 17th May to 27th November of last year (1907), being the eighteenth successive season of our exploration of the site.In pursuance of the plan foreshadowed in last year's report, our investigations for 1907 were resumed in the grass field which occupies a considerable area near the middle of the Roman site.
IV.—A Bronze Head of Athena at Burleigh Court, Gloucestershire
Authors: Forster Edward Seymour 
Published: November 2011

By kind permission of the owner, my friend Mr. Edward F. Elton of Burleigh Court near Stroud, I am able to call attention to an unpublished antique bronze head in his collection (pi. ix).Nothing is known of its history before it came into his hands, but it has obviously been at one time buried in the ground, and particles of earth are ingrained in the patina over a portion of the surface. It has evidently been roughly broken off from the body, the edge in front being jagged, while behind it is flush with the bottom of the helmet. The scale is two-thirds of life size. The head is hollow-cast and shows considerable variations of thickness, some parts being so thin that they have worn through; in particular about half the surface at the top of the crest has perished. The head should probably be pitched more forward than the position in which it is now mounted.
Right pulmonary artery to left atrial fistula: a description of two cases, emphasising a diagnostic approach
Authors: Diaz Gabriel , Marquez Alicia , Gentile Javier 
Published: November 2011

AbstractRight pulmonary artery to left atrial fistula is a rare pathology characterised by a right to left shunt. Another important aspect of this pathology is the difficulty encountered in making a diagnosis, which is why the diagnosis is frequently delayed into adulthood. A description of two cases is used to emphasise the importance of the different modes of echocardiography as a diagnostic tool in diagnosis, as well as the two different clinical forms that it adopts: a group of patients suffering cardiac failure and cyanosis without apparent cause generally in neonates and a second group of mostly older patients with dyspnoea and cyanosis without apparent cause. Symptoms thus differ depending on the time of presentation and are related to the size of the fistula.