bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Partial hepatectomy accelerates colorectal metastasis by priming an inflammatory premetastatic niche in the liver
Authors: Luenstedt Jost , Hoping Fabian , Feuerstein Reinhild , Mauerer Bernhard , Berlin Christopher , Rapp Julian , Marx Lisa , Reichardt Wilfried , von Elverfeldt Dominik , Ruess Dietrich Alexander , Plundrich Dorothea , Laessle Claudia , Jud Andreas , Neeff Hannes Philipp , Holzner Philipp Anton , Fichtner-Feigl Stefan , Kesselring Rebecca 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundResection of colorectal liver metastasis is the standard of care for patients with Stage IV CRC. Despite undoubtedly improving the overall survival of patients, pHx for colorectal liver metastasis frequently leads to disease recurrence. The contribution of this procedure to metastatic colorectal cancer at a molecular level is poorly understood. We designed a mouse model of orthograde metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) to investigate the effect of partial hepatectomy (pHx) on tumor progression.MethodsCRC organoids were implanted into the cecal walls of wild type mice, and animals were screened for liver metastasis. At the time of metastasis, 1/3 partial hepatectomy was performed and the tumor burden was assessed longitudinally using MRI. After euthanasia, different tissues were analyzed for immunological and transcriptional changes using FACS, qPCR, RNA sequencing, and immunohistochemistry.ResultsMice that underwent pHx presented significant liver hypertrophy and an increased overall metastatic load compared with SHAM operated mice in MRI. Elevation in the metastatic volume was defined by an increase in de novo liver metastasis without any effect on the growth of each metastasis. Concordantly, the livers of pHx mice were characterized by neutrophil and bacterial infiltration, inflammatory response, extracellular remodeling, and an increased abundance of tight junctions, resulting in the formation of a premetastatic niche, thus facilitating metastatic seeding.ConclusionsRegenerative pathways following pHx accelerate colorectal metastasis to the liver by priming a premetastatic niche.
Crab bioturbation reduces carbon storage in salt marshes under more robust mechanisms than plant invasiveness
Authors: Hua Yujie , Chen Huayu , Ren Linjing , Tang Jianwu , Li Xiuzhen 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionThe macrobenthos are crucial for the stability of estuarine ecosystems due to their burrowing behavior in the sediment and their uptake of nutrients from plants. These activities lead to significant alterations in both the morphological and biogeochemical processes within the region.MethodsHowever, there is limited investigation into carbon cycling processes specifically related to crab bioturbation. Additionally, few studies have examined enzymatic activities and carbon fractions in sediments from crab burrow walls at different crab growth stages. This study aims to explore the impact of both plant invasiveness and crab bioturbation on carbon storage.ResultsOur findings suggest that plant invasion leads to higher organic accumulation due to the reduction of recalcitrant organic carbon (ROC) (decreased by 11.6% in invasive and 62.6% in native site from April to December), faster photosynthetic rates (25.8 μmol/m2 s in invasive and 10.7 μmol/m2 s in native site), and an increased presence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in the soil over time. However, the increase of easy oxidized carbon (EOC) may lead to less carbon storage in soil (increase by 67.7% in invasive and 48.8% in native site from April to December). In addition to invasiveness, the bioturbation activities of macrobenthos also affect carbon storage. Sediments from crab burrows exhibit higher EOC content (33.6% more than the bulk soil) and higher levels of carbon cycling-related enzymes, including S-ACT, S-β-GC, and S-ACP activities (24.2%, 8.99%, and 135.6% higher than the bulk soil, respectively).DiscussionThese changes contribute to reduced carbon accumulation in the soil. Therefore, crab bioturbation is a more significant factor affecting carbon sink capacity than plant invasion.
Feasibility and reliability of measured glomerular filtration rate with [I125]-iothalamate among young adults with mild-to-moderate cerebral palsy
Authors: Whitney Daniel G. , Oliverio Andrea L. , Kreschmer Jodi , Bolde Shannen , Hurvitz Edward A. , Wong Ka Kit 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveDespite the need, measuring glomerular filtration rate (mGFR) is not routinely performed for adults with cerebral palsy (CP), possibly due to unknown feasibility given the secondary complications of CP. This study aimed to assess the feasibility and reliability of mGFR and explore factors associated with eGFR-mGFR discordance among young adults with mild-to-moderate CP.MethodsThis single-center, cross-sectional study included 18- to 40-year-olds with CP gross motor function classification system (GMFCS) I-III. The participants were excluded if they were pregnant/lactating, had cognitive impairments, or had contraindications to mGFR. A routine clinical protocol for mGFR and eGFR was used. mGFR feasibility was assessed based on the number of participants who completed testing. mGFR reliability was assessed using the coefficient of variation (CV) across the four 30 min intervals. The association between age, sex, and GMFCS and the percentage of eGFR-mGFR discordance was assessed.ResultsOf the 19 participants enrolled, 18 completed the testing [mean age (SD), 29.9 (7.4) years, n = 10 female participants, n = 10/3/5 for GMFCS I/II/III] and most (n = 15) of the participants had an mGFR &gt;90 mL/min; 14 participants (77.8%) had a CV &lt;20%, 2 had a CV between 20 and 25%, and 2 had a CV &gt;50%. eGFR overestimated mGFR by a median (interquartile range) of approximately 17.5% (2–38%); the full range of mis-estimation was −20.5 to 174.3%. Increasing age and GMFCS levels exhibited notable, but weak-to-modest, associations with a larger eGFR-mGFR discordance.DiscussionObtaining mGFR was feasible and reasonably reliable within this small sample. eGFR overestimated mGFR by a notable amount, which may be associated with patient-level factors.
Vibrio vulnificus infection from insect bites in Shanghai: a case report
Authors: Hu Xiaojie , Que Huafa 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundInfection with Vibrio vulnificus is associated with high rates of amputation and mortality. Alterations in the global climate have heightened the risk of atypical infections caused by this pathogen.Case presentationIn the case report we describe, a 75-year-old man residing in a coastal city contracted Vibrio vulnificus secondary to an insect bite.Discussion and conclusionThis case underscores the importance for clinicians of recognizing that early administration of appropriate antibiotics in patients with non-traditional routes of Vibrio vulnificus infection can significantly reduce rates of amputation and mortality.
Omadacycline for the treatment of patients with Legionella pneumophila pneumonia after experiencing liver dysfunction: case series
Authors: Zhu Ani , Ma Qian , Liu Zhiyan 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionAntibiotics frequently induce abnormal liver function. Omadacycline is a novel aminomethylcycline antibiotic, which shows potent activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative aerobic, anaerobic, and atypical (including Legionella pneumophila) bacteria. Of note, omadacycline is tolerable in most patients with liver impairment. However, evidence regarding the application of omadacycline in patients with Legionella pneumophila pneumonia after experiencing liver dysfunction is scarce.MethodsThe current study reported 6 cases of patients with Legionella pneumophila pneumonia receiving omadacycline as subsequent antibiotics after experiencing liver dysfunction.ResultsThese 6 cases were admitted to the hospital for pneumonia and received antibiotic therapy, including piperacillin-tazobactam, imipenem, meropenem, and moxifloxacin. After receiving these antibiotics, increased liver enzymes were noted. Although hepatoprotective therapy (such as magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate and glutathione) was given, the liver function was still abnormal. According to metagenomic next-generation sequencing, these patients were diagnosed with Legionella pneumophila pneumonia. Considering the abnormal liver function, the antibiotic therapy was switched to omadacycline-containing antibiotic therapy. After that, liver function was improved, and the infection was ameliorated. Ultimately, all patients discharged from the hospital, including 2 patients who achieved complete clinical symptomatic improvement and 4 patients who achieved partial clinical symptomatic improvement.DiscussionThis study emphasizes the successful treatment of switching to omadacycline after experiencing abnormal liver function in patients with Legionella pneumophila pneumonia. This study suggests that omadacycline may serve as an optional antibiotic for patients with Legionella pneumophila pneumonia, especially when occurring liver dysfunction. However, more clinical studies are required to validate our findings.
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and erectile dysfunction: a causal relationship? Findings from a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Sun Hengchang , Shen Gang , Dong Huimin , Shang Mei , Zhou Wenying , Wang Lingling , Li Zhaoxia , Gong Jiao , Hu Bo 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundSerum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level is associated with erectile dysfunction (ED) in observational studies. However, whether there is a causal association between them remains uncertain.ObjectiveConduct a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the causal effect between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and ED risk.MethodGenome-wide association study (GWAS) data of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels comprising 6,896,093 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) from 496,949 people of European ancestry were regarded as exposure for the MR analysis. Additional GWAS data involving 9,310,196 SNPs of 6,175 European ED cases and 217,630 controls were used as outcome data. The MR-Egger, inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode were employed to evaluate causal effects, among which IVW was the primary MR analysis method. The stability of the MR analysis results was confirmed by a heterogeneity test, a horizontal pleiotropy test, and the leave-one-out method.ResultThere were 103 SNPs utilized as instrumental variables (p &lt; 5 × 10−8). The results of MR analysis showed no causal effects of serum 25(OH) D concentration on ED risks (IVW; OR = 0.9516, 95% CI = 0.7994 to 1.1328, p = 0.5772). There was no heterogeneity and pleiotropy in the statistical models.ConclusionThe present MR study did not support a causal association for genetically predicted serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration in the risk of ED in individuals of European descent.
Mechanistic insight into the mode of inhibition of dietary flavonoids; targeting macrophage migration inhibitory factor
Authors: Siddiqui Ali Raza , Mushtaq Mamona , Sardar Madiha , Atta Lubna , Nur-e-Alam Mohammad , Ahmad Aftab , Ul-Haq Zaheer 
Published: June 2024

Introduction: The Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF), a key pro-inflammatory mediator, is responsible for modulating immune responses. An array of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases has been linked to the dysregulated activity of MIF. The significance in physiological as well as pathophysiological phenomena underscores the potential of MIF as an attractive target with pharmacological relevance. Extensive research in past has uncovered a number of inhibitors, while the ISO-1, or (S, R)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-5-isoxazole acetic acid methyl ester being recognized as a benchmark standard so far. Recent work by Yang and coworkers identified five promising dietary flavonoids, with superior activity compared to the standard ISO-1. Nevertheless, the exact atomic-level inhibitory mechanism is still elusive.Methods: To improve the dynamic research, and rigorously characterize, and compare molecular signatures of MIF complexes with ISO-1 and flavonoids, principal component analysis (PCA) was linked with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and binding free energy calculations.Results: The results suggest that by blocking the tautomerase site these small molecule inhibitors could modify the MIF activity by disrupting the intrinsic dynamics in particular functional areas. The stability matrices revealed the average deviation values ranging from 0.27–0.32 nm while the residue level fluctuations indicated that binding of the selected flavonoids confer enhanced stability relative to the ISO-1. Furthermore, the gyration values extracted from the simulated trajectories were found in the range of 1.80–1.83 nm.Discussion: Although all the tested flavonoids demonstrated remarkable results, the one obtained for the potent inhibitors, particularly Morin and Amentoflavone exhibited a good correlation with biological activity. The PCA results featured relatively less variance and constricted conformational landscape than others. The stable ensembles and reduced variation in turns might be the possible reasons for their outstanding performance documented previously. The results from the present exploration provide a comprehensive understanding of the molecular complexes formed by flavonoids and MIF, shedding light on their potential roles and impacts. Future studies on MIF inhibitors may benefit from the knowledge gathered from this investigation.
Extended tests for evaluating post-traumatic brain injury deficits in resource-limited settings: methods and pilot study data
Authors: Semework Mulugeta , Laeke Tsegazeab , Aklilu Abenezer Tirsit , Tadele Abraham , Ashagre Yordanos , Teklewold Peter , Kolias Angelos G. , Hutchinson Peter , Balcha Abel , Yohannes Dagnachew , Hassen Getaw Worku 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of all injury-related deaths and disabilities in the world, especially in low to middle-income countries (LMICs) which also suffer from lower levels of funding for all levels of the health care system for patients suffering from TBI. These patients do not generally get comprehensive diagnostic workup, monitoring, or treatment, and return to work too quickly, often with undiagnosed post-traumatic deficits which in turn can lead to subsequent incidents of physical harm.MethodsHere, we share methods and results from our research project to establish innovative, simple, and scientifically based practices that dramatically leverage technology and validated testing strategies to identify post-TBI deficits quickly and accurately, to circumvent economic realities on the ground in LMICs. We utilized paper tests such as the Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA), line-bisection, and Bell’s test. Furthermore, we combined modifications of neuroscience computer tasks to aid in assessing peripheral vision, memory, and analytical accuracies. Data from seventy-one subjects (51 patients and 20 controls, 15 females and 56 males) from 4 hospitals in Ethiopia are presented. The traumatic brain injury group consists of 17 mild, 28 moderate, and 8 severe patients (based on the initial Glasgow Comma Score). Controls are age and education-matched subjects (no known history of TBI, brain lesions, or spatial neglect symptoms).ResultsWe found these neurophysiological methods can: 1) be implemented in LMICs and 2) test impairments caused by TBI, which generally affect brain processing speed, memory, and both executive and cognitive controls.DiscussionThe main findings indicate that these examinations can identify several deficits, especially the MoCA test. These tests show great promise to assist in the evaluation of TBI patients and support the establishment of dedicated rehabilitation centers. Our next steps will be expansion of the cohort size and application of the tests to other settings.
Abnormal brain spontaneous neural activity in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder with neuropathic pain
Authors: Wang Gendi , Chen Xiang , Wang Xiaoyuan , Duan Yinghui , Gao Hanqing , Ji Xiaopei , Zhu Yunfei , Xiang Xuanyi , Ma Hairong , Li Yonggang , Xue Qun 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundNeuropathic pain is one of the most common symptoms in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). Notwithstanding, its underlying mechanism remains obscure.MethodsThe amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) metric was employed to investigate spontaneous neural activity alterations via resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-MRI) data from a 3.0 T MRI scanner, in a sample of 26 patients diagnosed with NMOSD with neuropathic pain (NMOSD-WNP), 20 patients with NMOSD but without neuropathic pain (NMOSD-WoNP), and 38 healthy control (HC) subjects matched for age and sex without the comorbidity of depressive or anxious symptoms.ResultsIt was observed that patients with NMOSD-WNP displayed a significant ALFF decrease in the left amygdala and right anterior insula, relative to both patients with NMOSD-WoNP and HC subjects. Furthermore, ALFF values in the left amygdala were negatively correlated with the scores of the Douleur Neuropathique en 4 Questions and McGill Pain Questionnaire (both sensory and affective descriptors) in patients with NMOSD-WNP. Additionally, there were negative correlations between the ALFF values in the right anterior insula and the duration of pain and the number of relapses in patients with NMOSD-WNP.ConclusionThe present study characterizes spontaneous neural activity changes in brain regions associated with sensory and affective processing of pain and its modulation, which underscore the central aspects in patients with NMOSD-WNP. These findings might contribute to a better understanding of the pathophysiologic basis of neuropathic pain in NMOSD.
Combination of static and dynamic neural imaging features to distinguish sensorineural hearing loss: a machine learning study
Authors: Wu Yuanqing , Yao Jun , Xu Xiao-Min , Zhou Lei-Lei , Salvi Richard , Ding Shaohua , Gao Xia 
Published: June 2024

PurposeSensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is the most common form of sensory deprivation and is often unrecognized by patients, inducing not only auditory but also nonauditory symptoms. Data-driven classifier modeling with the combination of neural static and dynamic imaging features could be effectively used to classify SNHL individuals and healthy controls (HCs).MethodsWe conducted hearing evaluation, neurological scale tests and resting-state MRI on 110 SNHL patients and 106 HCs. A total of 1,267 static and dynamic imaging characteristics were extracted from MRI data, and three methods of feature selection were computed, including the Spearman rank correlation test, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and t test as well as LASSO. Linear, polynomial, radial basis functional kernel (RBF) and sigmoid support vector machine (SVM) models were chosen as the classifiers with fivefold cross-validation. The receiver operating characteristic curve, area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were calculated for each model.ResultsSNHL subjects had higher hearing thresholds in each frequency, as well as worse performance in cognitive and emotional evaluations, than HCs. After comparison, the selected brain regions using LASSO based on static and dynamic features were consistent with the between-group analysis, including auditory and nonauditory areas. The subsequent AUCs of the four SVM models (linear, polynomial, RBF and sigmoid) were as follows: 0.8075, 0.7340, 0.8462 and 0.8562. The RBF and sigmoid SVM had relatively higher accuracy, sensitivity and specificity.ConclusionOur research raised attention to static and dynamic alterations underlying hearing deprivation. Machine learning-based models may provide several useful biomarkers for the classification and diagnosis of SNHL.
Non-invasive intracranial pressure monitoring for high-grade gliomas patients treated with radiotherapy: results of the GMaPIC trial
Authors: Casile Mélanie , Thivat Emilie , Giraudet Fabrice , Ginzac Angeline , Molnar Ioana , Biau Julian , Brehant Julien , Lourenco Blandine , Avan Paul , Durando Xavier 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionPatients with high-grade gliomas are at risk of developing increased intracranial hypertension (ICHT) in relation to the increase in volume of their tumor. ICP change cannot be measured by invasive method but can be estimated by using routine clinical signs, in combination with a standard imaging method, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A non-invasive monitoring of ICP could be of interest in high-grade glioma, in particular after radiotherapy treatment with as major side effect a cerebral oedema.Patients and MethodsThis prospective clinical study aimed to compare the ICP changes (estimated by a non-invasive method based upon distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) monitoring) with volume changes observed on MRI in patients with high-grade gliomas treated with radiotherapy. DPOAE measurements were performed one month after the end of radiotherapy and then every 3 months for one year. At each visit, the patient also underwent MRI as well as an evaluation of clinical signs.ResultsThe variation in the estimate of intracranial pressure readout measured at each follow-up visit (in absolute value with respect to the baseline measurements) was significantly associated with the variation of T2/FLAIR volume (n=125; p&lt;0.001) with a cut off value of change ICP readout of 40.2 degrees (e.i. an estimated change of 16 mm Hg).DiscussionThe GMaPIC trial confirm the hypothesis that the ICP change estimated by DPOAEs measurement using a non-invasive medical device is correlated with the change of the tumor or edema in high grade glioma after radiotherapy. The device could thus become an easy-to-use and non-invasive intracranial pressure monitoring tool for these patients.Clinical Trial RegistrationClinicaltrials.gov, identifier (NCT02520492)