bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Active flutter suppression for light sport aircraft by a control surface split
Authors: Kratochvíl Aleš , Valenta Jakub 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA new method of active flutter suppression is present in the paper and aims at the Light Sport Aircraft category, where it has never been used, designed, or even considered. The novelty of the method lies in splitting the control surface into a part controlled by a pilot with purely mechanical control and into a part controlled by a servo-actuator with a controller. The control law of the actuator is designed to follow the pilot-controlled part of the control surfaces and damp unstable oscillations if they occur. The controller design for flutter suppression is focused on achieving simple solutions. The request for simplicity is important for easy acquisition of airworthiness during a certification process and easy implementation by producers. The contribution of this paper also lies in the analysis of flutter suppression capability based on the varying active control surface span. The results show that it is not necessary to use the entire area of a control surface for active flutter suppression.A mathematical model based on a real aircraft is developed and verified for the simulation of active flutter suppression. In addition, control law design and simulations of the dynamic response are performed. The robustness of the control law and aircraft controllability in the case of active control surface malfunction is investigated.
Adhesive capsulitis: the importance of early diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Vita Fabio , Pederiva Davide , Tedeschi Roberto , Spinnato Paolo , Origlio Flavio , Faldini Cesare , Miceli Marco , Stella Salvatore Massimo , Galletti Stefano , Cavallo Marco , Pilla Federico , Donati Danilo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Adhesive capsulitis (AC), more commonly known as "frozen shoulder”, is a painful shoulder condition. The illness progresses through three phases: freezing, frozen and thawing. A gold standard treatment for adhesive capsulitis is not defined. The goal of any treatment is to reduce pain and restore shoulder movement.

Objective
Objective of the present study is to evaluate the efficacy of gleno-humeral hydrodistension associated with physical therapy in patients with diagnosed adhesive capsulitis comparing the outcomes in term of pain and range of motion in patients with a phase 1 and a phase 2 disease.

Method
Between January 2022 and April 2023, We evaluated 87 patients with adhesive capsulitis, 47 were excluded for others concomitant pathologies, finally 40 patients were enrolled for the study, of whom 23 had capsulitis in stage 1 and 17 in stage 2. Patients were evaluated at baseline and at 2, 4 and 6 months after infiltration recording range of motion in all planes, pain and functionality scores.

Results
A significant improvement was recorded in shoulder range of motion in all planes with the except of extension in both groups. Phase 2 patients were able to regain shoulder range of motion in all planes except internal rotation which was recovered with more difficulty. Pain and functionality scores improved significantly between baseline and follow-up visits.

Conclusion
Ultrasound-assisted hydrodistention of the glenohumeral joint combined with targeted exercise has been successful in improving pain relief, reducing disability, and increasing range of motion in subjects with stage 1 and 2 adhesive capsulitis, especially if diagnosed before phase 2 (when the range of motion is completely reduced).
Sleep and Emotional Memory: A Review of Current Findings and Application to a Clinical Population
Authors: Rawson G. , Jackson M. L. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose of review
The effect of sleep on the encoding and consolidation of emotional memory has been explored in multiple studies, however results are inconsistent. The purpose of this review is to synthesise current literature outlining the association between emotional memory and sleep, and to apply existing knowledge to a sleep disordered population.

Recent findings
A sleep opportunity following encoding enhances the consolidation of emotional memories, however investigations into the contributing mechanisms have returned mixed results. The impact of sleep prior to encoding of emotional stimuli is less well known, however current studies suggest a bias towards negative over neutral and positive stimuli if sleep deprivation occurs prior to learning. Hormones such as cortisol and norepinephrine appear to play a key role in the enhancing effect seen for emotional memories after sleep. Neural activity during slow wave and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep may have a distinct but complementary role in this effect. Finally, populations with OSA may be at increased risk of mood disorder and poor emotional memory consolidation.

Summary
Further studies should consider the complimentary processes of slow wave and REM sleep in the consolidation of emotional memory. Long term effects of untreated OSA on emotional memory also require further investigation.
Experimental and Numerical Characterization of Granular Material Until Shock Loading
Authors: Ruiz-Ripoll M. L. , Riedel W. , Stocchi A. , Bagusat F. , Schmitt D. , Sauer M. , Roller C. , Stolz A. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The present work describes the characterization of two different granular materials, a fine cohesive and a coarse cohesionless soil, with regard to their behavior under high-rate loading. The conditions range from quasi-static (

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) using a standard press and a Split-Hopkinson Bar (SHB) with a triaxial pressure cell. Furthermore, shock compression (

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) is investigated in a newly developed plate impact capsule. The experimental data is used to parameterize both types of soils with two different dynamic material descriptions, a simple model with Drucker–Prager Strength and p-

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EOS and, partly extending from there, a model with piecewise linear dependencies for both volumetric compaction and strength. The reproduction quality of both material models is quantitatively assessed using Finite Element simulations of the dynamic tests and discussed. They can potentially serve in future numerical analyses of complex transient dynamic events, such as explosively-driven ground shock or high-velocity penetration into the soil.
Solving the vehicle routing problem via quantum support vector machines
Authors: Mohanty Nishikanta , Behera Bikash K. , Ferrie Christopher 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe vehicle routing problem (VRP) is an example of a combinatorial optimization problem that has attracted academic attention due to its potential use in various contexts. VRP aims to arrange vehicle deliveries to several sites in the most efficient and economical manner possible. Quantum machine learning offers a new way to obtain solutions by harnessing the natural speedups of quantum effects, although many solutions and methodologies are modified using classical tools to provide excellent approximations of the VRP. In this paper, we employ 6 and 12 qubit circuits, respectively, to build and evaluate a hybrid quantum machine learning approach for solving VRP of 3- and 4-city scenarios. The approach employs quantum support vector machines (QSVMs) trained using a variational quantum eigensolver on a static or dynamic ansatz. Different encoding strategies are used in the experiment to transform the VRP formulation into a QSVM and solve it. Multiple optimizers from the IBM Qiskit framework are also evaluated and compared
Advancements in nanoparticles for skin care: a comprehensive review of properties, applications, and future perspectives
Authors: Chakraborty Shrestha Sherry , Panja Avirup , Dutta Shubhrajyoti , Patra Prasun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNanoparticles are extremely small particles with dimensions in the range of one to hundred nanometers and consist of varied physicochemical properties contrasted to their bulk counterparts. Nanoparticles display properties of high biocompatibility, low cytotoxicity, and high stability thereby causing its appreciation in various spheres, especially in nano pharmaceuticals and nano cosmeceuticals. The skin is the largest organ of the human body and the first line of defense. The plethora of functions carried out by the skin requires it to be protected against any damage. A variety of skin problems such as dryness, aging, inflammation, and low elasticity may arise due to exposure to harsh chemicals, physical stress or simply due to aging. These problems often involve irritability, discomfort, and loss of aestheticism and many of the traditional methods have not been able to answer these raising concerns. Nanoparticles used in skin protection aim to treat or prevent such skin ailments providing it with various utilitarian active ingredients and providing active solutions to global concerns related to skin. This article comprehensively explores the dynamic nature, contemporary methodologies, and future outlook of nanoparticles in the realm of skin protection, aiming to fulfill the aspiration of safeguarding the skin.
Modular stochastic configuration network prediction interval for furnace temperature in municipal solid waste incineration
Authors: Yan Aijun , Wang Fuhe 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe high dimensionality of characteristic variables and the presence of numerous uncertain factors affecting furnace temperature during municipal solid waste incineration can lead to poor accuracy and generalization ability for furnace temperature prediction. This paper adopts the modular neural network modeling approach and incorporates Gaussian process regression analysis into stochastic configuration networks to propose a method for establishing a furnace temperature prediction interval model. First, a Gaussian mixture model is used to decompose the complex task into several subtasks. Then, considering the differences among the subtasks, Gaussian process regression with different kernel functions is combined with a stochastic configuration network to form corresponding base models, which are trained and learned. The prediction interval results are obtained through blending ensemble methods. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is tested using historical data obtained from the municipal solid waste incineration process. The results indicate that the furnace temperature prediction model demonstrates advantages in terms of accuracy and generalization ability, making it applicable to the field of process parameter modeling.
Performance of anionic dimeric surfactant on AZ31 Magnesium alloy in neutral medium unveiled through experimental and theoretical investigation
Authors: Acharya M. Gururaj , Shetty A. N. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe synthesis of a novel eco-friendly anionic Gemini surfactant, pursuing three parameters of green chemistry: economic, environmental factor, and mass reaction efficiency is developed as a corrosion inhibitor for AZ31 Mg alloy. Herein, the corrosion inhibition ability of novel EDTA-based dimeric surfactant on AZ31 Mg alloy in corrosive media with varying concentrations of NaCl and Na2SO4 at temperatures between 30–50 °C were studied. The surfactant’s molecular structure is affirmed by FT-IR, NMR, and LC–MS techniques. Electrochemical techniques and surface morphology were employed to evaluate the corrosion inhibition efficiency. The inhibitor studied exhibited appreciable corrosion inhibition at 30 °C. The surfactant shows physical adsorption as per the data obtained in the Gibbs free energy and enthalpy of adsorption studies. The adsorption of the inhibitor was found to be a film-like layer on the surface of AZ31 Mg alloy and, is confirmed by SEM–EDX and XPS techniques. In addition, theoretical simulations were performed to compare with experimental results. Conclusively, the work provides a deeper understanding of the intricacies involved in the development of a new anionic dimeric surfactant as an effective corrosion inhibitor.
Climate change dynamics and adaptation strategies: insights from Dingapota Haor farmers in Bangladesh
Authors: Kabir Md. Shajahan , Akther Rahima , Islam Santa , Rahman Saifur , Sayadat Nazmus , Banik Bristy 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBangladesh is a highly climate vulnerable region. Among the many areas of Bangladesh, the haor region is considered as one of the most climate change sensitive areas. Again, the nation greatly depends on the agricultural produce of the haor area. So, adoption to climate change strategies is vital for the farming community of Bangladesh. The current study was conducted based on the idea of understanding the depth of knowledge of farmers regarding climate change, identifying the currently practiced climate change adaptation strategies and to know the influential factors behind the adoption of those practices. The study was drawn on primary data collected from 300 farmers of the Dingapota haor of Mohanganj upazila under Netrokona district of Bangladesh through a structured interview schedule. Descriptive analysis, adaptation Strategy Index (ASI), and Pearson’s product correlation coefficient (r) were used to analyze data with the help of Excel and SPSS. The study found that the intensity of flash floods, short winter seasons, and unpredictable rainfall have significantly increased. Most respondents believe that certain parts of the climatic conditions are getting worse. Farmers’ knowledge about crop diversification secured first and floating agriculture secured second position in case of advanced proficiency to cope with climate change vulnerability. The research exposed that changes in planting and harvesting dates are the most efficient climate change adaptation strategy practiced by farmers and their experience of agricultural farming strongly influences adaptation choices in the study area.
Noninvasive assessment of pulmonary hypertension: key insights to maximize chest computed tomography
Authors: Nardone Luigi , Minichetti Paola , Sauro Sofia Lo , Simiele Carlotta , Agati Giorgio , Como Giuseppe , Girometti Rossano , Zuiani Chiara , Cereser Lorenzo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAccording to the 2022 European Society of Cardiology (ESC)/European Respiratory Society (ERS) guidelines, a right heart catheterization-derived mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) > 20 mmHg at rest defines pulmonary hypertension (PH). As PH can ultimately lead to death, multidisciplinary early diagnosis, proper framework, and prompt management are crucial. ESC/ERS PH classification encompasses five groups, each sharing pathogenesis, hemodynamics, and management, i.e., group I, pulmonary arterial hypertension; II, left heart disease; III, lung disease and/or hypoxia; IV, chronic thromboembolic PH; and V, with unclear and/or multifactorial mechanisms. Chest CT is pivotal in PH grouping, comprehensively evaluating the lung, heart, pulmonary vessels, and mediastinum. In this review, we synoptically illustrate the chest CT findings of PH and provide a CT-based logical framework suggesting a PH group hypothesis. Improving knowledge of PH CT features and their combination empowers radiologists to contribute valuably to the PH multidisciplinary clinical discussion.
Diurnal Variability of Mixed Layer Overturning Instabilities From Glider Array Observations in the South China Sea
Authors: Zheng Ruixi , Jing Zhiyou 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe diurnal variability of mixed layer (ML) overturning instabilities remains poorly understood due to the challenge in capturing their rapid evolutions across large spatiotemporal ranges. Using high‐resolution data from 52 gliders in the South China Sea, we examine the diurnal modulations of ML overturning instabilities. The results of the 3‐month field observation show that negative potential vorticity occupies ∼16% of the ML and facilitates several types of forced overturning instabilities, especially symmetric instability (SI). Surface heat fluxes are identified to primarily modulate the diurnal variability of these overturning cells, where nighttime surface cooling is found to energize SI with an ∼2‐hr phase lag. As a result, over 60% of forced submesoscale overturning cells tend to restratify the ML at night. These findings quantitatively highlight the modulation of diabatic atmospheric forcing in submesoscale restratification, which should be considered in submesoscale parameterizations of ocean and climate models.
Strong‐Motion Broadband Displacements From Collocated Ocean‐Bottom Pressure Gauges and Seismometers
Authors: Mizutani Ayumu , Melgar Diego , Yomogida Kiyoshi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDense and broad‐coverage ocean‐bottom observation networks enable us to obtain near‐fault displacement records associated with an offshore earthquake. However, simple integration of ocean‐bottom strong‐motion acceleration records leads to physically unrealistic displacement records. Here we propose a new method using a Kalman filter to estimate coseismic displacement waveforms using the collocated ocean‐bottom seismometers and pressure gauges. First, we evaluate our method using synthetic records and then apply it to an offshore Mw 6.0 event that generated a small tsunami. In both the synthetic and real cases, our method successfully estimates reasonable displacement waveforms. Additionally, we show that the computed waveforms improve the results of the finite fault modeling process. In other words, the proposed method will be useful for estimating the details of the rupture mechanism of offshore earthquakes as a complement to onshore observations.
Transient Creep in Olivine at Shallow Mantle Pressures: Implications for Time‐Dependent Rheology in Post‐Seismic Deformation
Authors: Ohuchi Tomohiro , Higo Yuji , Tsujino Noriyoshi , Seto Yusuke , Kakizawa Sho , Tange Yoshinori , Miyagawa Yamato , Kono Yoshio , Yumoto Hirokatsu , Koyama Takahisa , Yamazaki Hiroshi , Senba Yasunori , Ohashi Haruhiko , Inoue Ichiro , Hayashi Yujiro , Yabashi Makina , Irifune Tetsuo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTransient creep in olivine aggregates has been studied by stress‐relaxation experiments at pressures of 1.7–3.6 GPa and at temperatures of ≤1020 K in a DIA apparatus. Time‐dependent deformation of olivine at small strains (<0.07) was monitored with an ∼1 s of time resolution using a combination of a high‐flux synchrotron X‐ray and a cadmium telluride imaging detector. The observed deformation was found to follow the Burgers creep function with the transient relaxation time ranging from 50 (±20) to 1,880 (±750) s. We show that the Burgers creep for olivine cannot account for the low viscosities in early post‐seismic deformation reported by geodetic observations (<7 × 1017 Pa·s). In contrast, the time‐dependent increase in viscosity observed in late post‐seismic deformation (1018−1020 Pa·s) is explained by the Burgers rheology, suggesting that the combination of the Burgers model and another model is needed for the interpretation of post‐seismic deformation.
Cloud Versus Void Chord Length Distributions (LvL) as a Measure for Cloud Field Organization
Authors: Koren Ilan , Dror Tom , Altaratz Orit , Chekroun Mickaël D. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCloud organization impacts the radiative effects and precipitation patterns of the cloud field. Deviating from randomness, clouds exhibit either clustering or a regular grid structure, characterized by the spacing between clouds and the cloud size distribution. The two measures are coupled but do not fully define each other. Here, we present the deviation from randomness of the cloud‐ and void‐chord length distributions as a measure for both factors. We introduce the LvL representation and an associated 2D score that allow for unambiguously quantifying departure from well‐defined baseline randomness in cloud spacing and sizes. This approach demonstrates sensitivity and robustness in classifying cloud field organization types. Its delicate sensitivity unravels the temporal evolution of a single cloud field, providing novel insights into the underlying governing processes.
Missing Increase in Summer Greenland Blocking in Climate Models
Authors: Maddison J. W. , Catto J. L. , Hanna E. , Luu L. N. , Screen J. A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSummertime Greenland blocking (GB) can drive melting of the Greenland ice sheet, which has global implications. A strongly increasing trend in GB in the early twenty‐first century was observed but is missing in climate model simulations. Here, we analyze the temporal evolution of GB in nearly 500 members from the CMIP6 archive. The recent period of increased GB is not present in the members considered. The maximum 10‐year trend in GB in the reanalysis, associated with the recent increase, lies almost outside the distributions of trends for any 10‐year period in the climate models. GB is shown to be partly driven by the sea surface temperatures and/or sea ice concentrations, as well as by anthropogenic aerosols. Further work is required to understand why climate models cannot represent a period of increased GB, and appear to underestimate its decadal variability, and what implications this may have.
Unique Temperature Trend Pattern Associated With Internally Driven Global Cooling and Arctic Warming During 1980–2022
Authors: Sweeney Aodhan J. , Fu Qiang , Po‐Chedley Stephen , Wang Hailong , Wang Muyin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDiagnosing the role of internal variability over recent decades is critically important for both model validation and projections of future warming. Recent research suggests that for 1980–2022 internal variability manifested as Global Cooling and Arctic Warming (i‐GCAW), leading to enhanced Arctic Amplification (AA), and suppressed global warming over this period. Here we show that such an i‐GCAW is rare in CMIP6 large ensembles, but simulations that do produce similar i‐GCAW exhibit a unique and robust internally driven global surface air temperature (SAT) trend pattern. This unique SAT trend pattern features enhanced warming in the Barents and Kara Sea and cooling in the Tropical Eastern Pacific and Southern Ocean. Given that these features are imprinted in the observed record over recent decades, this work suggests that internal variability makes a crucial contribution to the discrepancy between observations and model‐simulated forced SAT trend patterns.