bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phase III Study of Doxorubicin/Cyclophosphamide With Concomitant Versus Sequential Docetaxel As Adjuvant Treatment in Patients With Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2–Normal, Node-Positive Breast Cancer: BCIRG-005 Trial
Authors: Eiermann Wolfgang , Pienkowski Tadeusz , Crown John , Sadeghi Saeed , Martin Miguel , Chan Arlene , Saleh Mansoor , Sehdev Sandeep , Provencher Louise , Semiglazov Vladimir , Press Michael , Sauter Guido , Lindsay Mary-Ann , Riva Alessandro , Buyse Marc , Drevot Philippe , Taupin Henry , Mackey John R. 
Published: September 2011

Purpose Anthracyclines, taxanes, and alkylating agents are among the most active agents in treatment of adjuvant breast cancer (BC), but the optimal schedule for their administration is unknown. We performed an adjuvant trial to compare the sequential regimen of doxorubicin with cyclophosphamide (AC) followed by docetaxel (ie, AC>T) with the combination regimen of TAC. Patients and Methods Women with node-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–nonamplified, operable BC were stratified by number of axillary nodes and hormone receptor status and were randomly assigned to adjuvant chemotherapy with six cycles of TAC (75/50/500 mg/m2 every 3 weeks) or four cycles of AC (60/600 mg/m2 every 3 weeks) followed by four doses of docetaxel at 100 mg/m2 every 3 weeks (AC>T). After completion of chemotherapy, radiation therapy was given as indicated, and patients with hormone receptor (HR) –positive disease received adjuvant hormonal therapy with tamoxifen and/or aromatase inhibitors. Results In 30 months, 3,298 patients were enrolled (n = 1,649 in each arm). The major baseline characteristics were well balanced between the groups. At a median follow-up of 65 months, estimated 5-year disease-free survival rates were 79% in both groups (log-rank P = .98; hazard ratio [HR], 1.0; 95%CI, 0.86 to 1.16), and 5-year overall survival rates for both arms were 88% and 89%, respectively (log-rank P = .37; HR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.75 to 1.11). TAC was associated with more febrile neutropenia and thrombocytopenia, and AC>T was associated with more sensory neuropathy, nail changes, and myalgia. The incidence of neutropenic infection was similar in both groups. Conclusion The sequential and combination regimens incorporating three drugs were equally effective but differed in toxicity profile.
Use of Ferrochromium Slag as an Artificial Aggregate in Pavement Layers
Authors: Yılmaz A. , Karaşahin M. 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
This paper reports the results of experiments aiming to identify the properties of ferrochromium slag when it is used as an artificial aggregate for preparation of granular layers of flexible pavements. The experimental program consisted of three stages: (1) study of the physical and chemical properties of slag, (2) leaching of heavy elements of slag in terms of environmental impact, (3) study of the mechanical properties of specimens made with ferrochromium slag and limestone as aggregate. In the laboratory, cylindrically prepared specimens were tested in a repeated load triaxial (RLT) test apparatus. In addition, particle size analysis, abrasion, frost resistance, compaction, CA bearing ratio, and leaching tests were performed on the materials prior to RLT testing. The results indicate that the physical and mechanical properties of air-cooled ferrochromium slag are as good as those of natural aggregates. It can be used as a base or sub-base material in highway pavements and as an embankment material. Furthermore, the use of the slag as aggregate in pavement layers reduces the requirement for natural aggregates and saves the existing natural resources.
Maternal and Cord Blood Adiponectin Multimeric Forms in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Ballesteros Mónica , Simón Inmaculada , Vendrell Joan , Ceperuelo-Mallafré Victoria , Miralles Ramon M. , Albaiges Gerard , Tinahones Francisco , Megia Ana 
Published: September 2011

OBJECTIVETo analyze the relationship between maternal adiponectin (mAdiponectin) and cord blood adiponectin (cbAdiponectin) multimeric forms (high molecular weight [HMW], medium molecular weight [MMW], and low molecular weight [LMW]) in a cohort of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and normal glucose–tolerant (NGT) pregnant women.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSA total of 212 women with a singleton pregnancy, 132 with NGT and 80 with GDM, and their offspring were studied. Maternal blood was obtained in the early third trimester and cord blood was obtained at delivery. Total adiponectin and the multimeric forms of adiponectin were determined in cord blood and maternal serum. Spearman rank correlation and stepwise linear correlation analysis were used to assess the relationship between cbAdiponectin levels and clinical and analytical parameters.RESULTSNo differences in cbAdiponectin concentration or its multimeric forms were observed in the offspring of diabetic mothers compared with NGT mothers. The HMW-to-total adiponectin ratio was higher in cord blood than in maternal serum, whereas the MMW- and LMW-to-total adiponectin ratio was lower. Cord blood total and HMW adiponectin levels were positively correlated with birth weight and the ponderal index (PI), whereas cord blood MMW adiponectin was negatively correlated with the PI. In addition, cbAdiponectin and its multimeric forms were correlated with mAdiponectin concentrations. In the multivariate analysis, maternal multimeric forms of adiponectin emerged as independent predictors of cbAdiponectin, its multimers, and their distribution.CONCLUSIONScbAdiponectin concentrations are independently related to mAdiponectin levels and unrelated to the diagnosis of GDM. Maternal multimeric forms of adiponectin are independent predictors of the concentrations of cbAdiponectin and its multimeric forms at delivery.
Implications of Nocturnal Hypertension in Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Lee Sun Hee , Kim Jae Hyun , Kang Min Jae , Lee Young Ah , Won Yang Sei , Shin Choong Ho 
Published: September 2011

OBJECTIVE
Diabetes is associated with atherogenic risk factors. Hypertension has a major influence on cardiovascular disease in diabetic patients. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) is useful for identifying nocturnal hypertension. Carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) is a good measure for identifying subclinical atherosclerosis. This study aimed to evaluate whether nocturnal hypertension affects atherosclerosis in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes and to investigate the relationship between atherogenic risk factors and cIMT.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
ABPM and cIMT were measured in 82 diabetic children and adolescents. We reviewed the hemoglobin A1c levels, 24-h urine microalbumin excretion, lipid profiles, and duration of diabetes. Nocturnal hypertension was defined as hypertension observed only at night.

RESULTS
Forty-three (52%) subjects were hypertensive, and 30 subjects were classified as having nocturnal hypertension. cIMT was higher in the nocturnal hypertensive group than in the normotensive group (0.44 ± 0.03 vs. 0.42 ± 0.04 mm, P = 0.026). Among children and adolescents with nonhypertensive blood pressure levels in clinic blood pressure monitoring, cIMT and daytime blood pressure were higher in the nocturnal hypertensive group. All ABPM parameters were significantly related to cIMT in multiple linear regression analysis.

CONCLUSIONS
This study showed significantly increased cIMT and daytime blood pressure in diabetic children and adolescents with nocturnal hypertension. ABPM may be a useful method for detecting the macrovascular complications of type 1 diabetes. Longitudinal studies are needed to find the causes of nocturnal hypertension and to evaluate the effect of nocturnal hypertension on atherosclerosis in type 1 diabetes.
Historicism Versus Communication: The Basic Debate of the 1980 Biennale
Authors: Szacka Léa‐Catherine 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe first Venice Architecture Biennale in 1980 provided a vital springboard for Post‐Modernism, providing it with an international stage. The Strada Novissima, with its facades by eminent architects of the time, is now a seminal image of 20th‐century architecture. As Léa‐Catherine Szacka explains, the prominence given to the past in the show's theme was a point of contention among the exhibition's organisers. This has had an enduring impact on architectural culture to this day. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Re‐Radicalising Post‐Modernism
Authors:   FAT
Published: September 2011

AbstractSean Griffiths, Charles Holland and Sam Jacob of FAT look back in retrospect at their top‐ten Post‐Modern moments. In a selection, which spans Denise Scott Brown looking vibrant in Las Vegas to James Stirling's exquisite drawing of the Derby Civic Centre and OMA's ingenious strip for the Parc de la Villette, they remind us of the dynamic radicalism of some of the period's greatest protagonists. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hyaline droplet accumulation in kidney of rats treated with hexachloro‐1:3‐butadiene: influence of age, dose and time‐course
Authors: Cristofori Patrizia , Defazio Rossella , Chiusolo Arianna , Mongillo Michele , Bartolucci Giovanni Battista , Chiara Federica , Trevisan Andrea 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTThe present research investigates the occurrence of hyaline droplet (HD) accumulation related to age, dose and time after treatment in male Wistar rats given a single i.p. injection of hexachloro‐1:3‐butadiene (HCBD). In the study on age, rats from 1 to 12 months of age were treated with 100 mg kg−1 body weight (b.w.) HCBD dose. Rats treated at 2 months of age showed a greater accumulation of HD than the other age groups; HD accumulation was not observed in 1‐month‐old rats. In the dose–response study, the treatment with 25, 50 and 100 mg kg−1 b.w. at 2 months of age caused HD accumulation in the proximal convoluted tubule at all doses, with the 100 mg kg−1 b.w. group slightly more affected. Finally, in the time‐course study, rats treated with a 100 mg kg−1 b.w. dose at 2 months of age and sacrificed at 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h post‐dosing showed a time‐related HD accumulation in terms of incidence and severity, after 6 h, with a peak at 24 and 48 h and decreasing at 72 and 96 h. The present results show that HD accumulation is an early finding, and is unrelated to dose level and particularly evident in rats of 2 month of age. These findings in male rats treated with HCBD emphasize the importance of considering the age of rats at the start of a study. The more sensitive model was used in the detection of nephrotoxic effects of chemicals. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Optimal stochastic multi‐states first‐order Markov chain parameters for synthesizing daily rainfall data using multi‐objective differential evolution in Thailand
Authors: Taewichit Chakkrapong , Soni Peeyush , Salokhe Vilas M. , Jayasuriya Hemantha P. W. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractStochastic Multi‐states First‐order Markov Chain (SMFOMC) models have been used to describe occurrence of daily rainfall. This paper describes optimization of SMFOMC parameters through the generation of synthetic daily rainfall sequences. Three SMFOMC parameters were the number of states (NS), the preserved proportion in the last state (PPL) and the state divider (SD). The multi‐objective differential evolution (MODE) was used to find the Pareto‐optimal line (POL) of two conflicting objectives; (1) minimization of total monthly absolute total relative error (TMATRE), and, (2) minimization of NS. Three probability distributions functions (PDFs) for generating daily rainfall amounts in the last Markov Chain state were compared. They were: (1) the shifted exponential distribution (SE), (2) the exponential distribution (E), and, (3) the two‐parameter gamma distribution (G‐2). The optimal SMFOMC parameters were applied to generate the daily rainfall sequences of 44 rainfall stations located in five regions of Thailand. Reliability of the optimal SMFOMC parameters for each PDF was measured by TMATRE and coefficient of determination (R2). Performance of PDFs was analysed by a ranking method. Results showed that the three PDFs were mostly found to be fitted well with the synthetic daily rainfall sequences. However, highest error was found in case of monthly average minimum daily rainfall values. Out of the three PDFs, the SE demonstrated the lowest performance, while G‐2 performed the best. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society
A comparative study on the preparation and physical properties of environmental friendly PMMA‐silica nano/sub‐micron‐scale hybrid latexes controlled by chelating agent
Authors: Weng Chang‐Jian , Hsu Sheng‐Chieh , Chang Chi‐Hao , Huang Tsao‐Cheng , Yeh Wei‐Ting , Yeh Jui‐Ming , Chou Yi‐Chen 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIn this article, a comparative study of the preparation and physical properties of as‐prepared PMMA‐silica nano‐hybrid (PSN) and sub‐micro‐hybrid (PSM) latexes is successfully presented. Vinyl‐modified silica spheres were prepared using the Stöber process with/without a chelating agent to control particle size. The as‐prepared vinyl‐modified silica spheres with different particle sizes were subsequently characterized by SEM, 13C‐solid‐state NMR, and 29Si‐solid‐state NMR spectroscopy. A certain feeding amount of silica spheres was reacted with MMA monomers by emulsion polymerization to yield a series of PSN and corresponding PSM. Both as‐prepared nano/sub‐micronscale hybrid materials were further characterized by FTIR, SEM‐EDX mapping, and TEM studies. The comparative study on the physical properties of both as‐prepared nano/sub‐micron‐scale hybrid materials was done systematically based on a series of instrumentation evaluations performed using a dynamic mechanical analyzer, electrochemical corrosion measurements, salt spray test, and gas permeability analysis. Results indicated that PSN has more effectively enhanced mechanical properties, corrosion protection properties, as well as gas barrier compared to PSM. POLYM. COMPOS., 2011. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers
Mechanical, thermophysical, and diffusion properties of TiO2‐filled chlorobutyl rubber composites
Authors: Saritha A. , Joseph K. , Boudenne A. , Thomas S. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe mechanical and thermophysical properties of TiO2‐filled chlorobutyl rubber composites were investigated. These materials exhibited enhanced mechanical properties such as increased modulus, tensile strength, and hardness. The morphology of filler dispersion in the matrix was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Moreover, the effect of TiO2 content on the molecular transport of solvents was examined by means of degree of swelling, volume fraction of rubber, penetration rate of solvent, mean diffusion coefficient, etc. A periodic method was used to estimate the thermophysical behavior of samples. It was shown that the thermal conductivity and diffusivity of composites increase with increasing of TiO2 filler content. Finally, the utilization of the material as effective chemical protective clothing against volatile organic chemicals was analyzed. POLYM. COMPOS., 2011. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers
Optimization of fault detection performance for a class of nonlinear systems
Authors: Efimov Denis , Zolghadri Ali 
Published: September 2011

SUMMARYThe problem of observer design for fault detection in a class of nonlinear systems subject to parametric and signal uncertainties is studied. The design procedure includes formalized optimization of observer‐free parameters in terms of trade‐offs for fault detection performance and robustness to external disturbances and model uncertainties. The technique makes use of some monotonicity conditions imposed on the estimation error dynamics. Efficiency of the proposed approach is demonstrated through the oscillatory failure case in aircraft control surface servo‐loops. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Primary refractory acute myeloid leukaemia – in search of better definitions and therapies
Authors: Ravandi Farhad 
Published: September 2011

SummaryThe definition of primary refractory acute myeloid leukaemia is the failure to achieve a response after one or two cycles of induction. Given that there are many different strategies involving different doses of cytarabine and anthracyclines, which may or may not be equivalent, and as this is an area of unmet need with the potential for the development of new agents and strategies, uniform criteria for response have been described that need to be adhered to. The outcome of patients with chemoresistant disease is poor with only a proportion of patients salvaged by allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Progress in supportive care strategies and donor identification has enabled more of these patients to undergo unrelated donor transplantation. Novel strategies and new agents directed at the biology of the disease and the mechanisms of resistance are needed.
Time–course of cerebrospinal fluid histamine in the wake‐consolidated squirrel monkey
Authors: ZEITZER JAMIE M. , KODAMA TOHRU , BUCKMASTER CHRISTINE L. , HONDA YOSHIKO , LYONS DAVID M. , NISHINO SEIJI , MIGNOT EMMANUEL 
Published: September 2011

SummaryCentral nervous system (CNS) histamine is low in individuals with narcolepsy, a disease characterized by severe fragmentation of both sleep and wake. We have developed a primate model, the squirrel monkey, with which we can examine the role of the CNS in the wake‐consolidation process, as these primates are day‐active, have consolidated wake and sleep and have cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that is readily accessible. Using this model and three distinct protocols, we report herein on the role of CNS histamine in the wake consolidation process. CSF histamine has a robust daily rhythm, with a mean of 24.9 ± 3.29 pg mL−1, amplitude of 31.7 ± 6.46 pg mL−1 and a peak at 17:49 ± 70.3 min (lights on 07:00–19:00 hours). These levels are not significantly affected by increases (up to 161 ± 40.4% of baseline) or decreases (up to 17.2 ± 2.50% of baseline) in locomotion. In direct contrast to the effects of sleep deprivation in non‐wake‐consolidating mammals, in whom CSF histamine increases, pharmacologically induced sleep (γ‐hydroxybutyrate) and wake (modafinil) have no direct effects on CSF histamine concentrations. These data indicate that the time–course of histamine in CSF in the wake‐consolidated squirrel monkey is robust against variation in activity and sleep and wake‐promoting pharmacological compounds, and may indicate that histamine physiology plays a role in wake‐consolidation such as is present in the squirrel monkey and humans.
Varroa management in small bites
Authors: Fagan L. L. , Nelson W. R. , Meenken E. D. , Howlett B. G. , Walker M. K. , Donovan B. J. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractChelifers (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpionida), also known as pseudoscorpions, have been reported to be beneficial honeybee hive generalist pest predators for over 100 years and are occasionally noted by beekeepers in their hives. We collected chelifers within or closely associated with beehives in New Zealand. Under video observation conditions, they predated upon varroa mites while studiously ignoring bee larvae. Varroa mites reproduce at exponential rates during the spring season, and current chemical miticides rely on single treatments aiming for at least 90% control. An alternate strategy, removal of mites at a rate matching their reproductive capacity, although mathematically obvious, fails unless a suitable biological control agent is available. Our observations build on over 100 years of sporadic work to provide further evidence that chelifers show clear potential to be a suitable predator for varroa management in beehives. Approximately 25 chelifers can be expected to manage varroa populations in a single hive.
(Z)2‐(5‐(4‐methoxybenzylidene)‐2, 4‐dioxothiazolidin‐3‐yl) acetic acid protects rats from CCl4‐induced liver injury
Authors: Wang Zhen‐ling , Deng Chong‐yang , Zheng Hao , Xie Cai‐feng , Wang Xian‐huo , Luo You‐fu , Chen Zhi‐zhi , Cheng Ping , Chen Li‐juan 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBackground and Aim:  (Z)2‐(5‐(4‐methoxybenzylidene)‐2, 4‐dioxothiazolidin‐3‐yl) acetic acid (MDA) is an aldose reductase (AR) inhibitor. Recent studies suggest that AR contributes to the pathogenesis of inflammation by affecting the nuclear factor κB (NF‐κB)‐dependent expression of cytokines and chemokines and therefore could be a novel therapeutic target for inflammatory pathology. The current study evaluated the in vivo role of MDA in protecting the liver against injury and fibrogenesis caused by CCl4 in rats, and the underlying mechanisms.Methods:  A single injection of CCl4 induced acute hepatitis, and repeated injections were used to induce hepatic fibrosis in rats. Therapeutic efficacy was assessed by comparison of the severity of hepatic injury and fibrosis in MDA‐treated rats versus untreated controls.Results:  MDA significantly protected the liver from injury by reducing the activity of serum alanine aminotransferase, and improving the histological architecture of the liver. MDA modulated NF‐κB‐dependent activation of inflammatory cytokines by reducing hepatic mRNA levels of tumor necrosis factor‐α, interleukin‐1β, inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase and transforming growth factor‐β. In addition, MDA attenuated oxidative stress by increasing the content of hepatic glutathione. These favorable changes were associated with suppressed hepatic NF‐κB activation by MDA. MDA treatment improved liver fibrosis in rats that received repeated CCl4 injections. In vitro, MDA attenuated phosphorylation of IκB and activation of NF‐κB, and thus prevented biosynthesis of NO in lipopolysaccharide‐activated RAW264.7 cells.Conclusions:  The present study suggests that AR is a novel therapeutic anti‐inflammatory target for the treatment of hepatitis and liver fibrosis.
Cognitive Complaints, Depressive Symptoms, and Cognitive Impairment: Are They Related?
Authors: Hohman Timothy J. , Beason‐Held Lori L. , Resnick Susan M. 
Published: September 2011

ObjectivesTo examine whether concurrent depressive symptoms and self‐ and informant‐reported cognitive impairments are related to cognitive complaints.DesignLongitudinal aging study of the relationship between depressive symptoms, reported cognitive impairments, and cognitive complaints. Mixed‐effects regression models were used to determine whether scores on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES‐D) and Clinical Dementia Rating Scale (CDR) predicted cognitive complaints. The Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ) assessed cognitive complaints.SettingA community‐dwelling sample inBaltimore,Maryland.ParticipantsOne hundred five cognitively normal older individuals with a mean baseline age of 75 followed for an average of 4 years.MeasurementsTheCES‐Dmeasured depressive symptoms. TheCDRSum of Boxes (CDR‐SB) measured self‐ and informant‐reported impairment, and theCFQmeasured cognitive complaints.ResultsGreater depressive symptoms and reported impairments are associated with higherCFQscores. In addition, there was a significant interaction between depressive symptoms and reported impairment. Specifically, individuals without reported cognitive impairment had the strongest association between depressive symptoms and cognitive complaints. Finally, reported impairments interact with baseline age, suggesting that the relationship between reported impairments and cognitive complaints is strongest in individuals younger than 80.ConclusionThese findings confirm a relationship between reported cognitive impairment and cognitive complaints in older individuals and highlight the extent to which age and depressive symptoms account for variation in complaints. These factors should be considered when interpreting cognitive complaints in a clinical setting.