bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L'archonte Georges, prôtos ou émir ?
Authors: Prigent Vivien 
Published: February 2011

REB 59 2001 France p. 193.
Vivien Prigent, L'archonte Georges, prôtos ou émir ? — Un sceau traditionnellement attribué à un gouverneur de Sicile du 8e siècle a en fait appartenu à l'émir Georges d'Antioche, ministre des rois de Sicile. Ce personnage, ou son père, fut dans un premier temps au service de l'empereur Alexis Ier, et la fuite de sa famille loin de Constantinople pourrait être mise en relation avec le complot du Pseudo-Diogène en 1087. Le titre de panhypersébaste dont l'honore son épitaphe ne peut remonter à cette étape constantinopo- litaine de sa carrière et la dignité lui fut vraisemblablement octroyée lors de l'ambassade de Basile Xèros en 1143.
Une famille méconnue : les Kratéroi
Authors: Cheynet Jean-Claude 
Published: February 2011

REB 59 2001 France p. 225.
Jean-Claude Cheynet, Une famille méconnue : les Kraléroi. — Les Kratéroi appartiennent à l'aristocratie la plus ancienne, car la lignée remonte au 9e siècle. Leur capacité à traverser les crises de régime est remarquable puisqu'ils donnent une impératrice à Romain II et sont encore au premier rang au temps de l'Empire de Nicée. Quelques sceaux inédits permettent de combler les lacunes des sources narratives et documentaires.
La manne de saint Jean. À propos d'un ensemble de cuillers inscrites
Authors: Papaconstantinou Arietta 
Published: February 2011

REB 59 2001 France p. 239.
Arietta Papaconstantinou, La manne de saint Jean. A propos d'un ensemble de cuillers inscrites. — Trois cuillers inscrites d'origine égyptienne sont ici réinterprétées à la lumière de la tradition hagiographique concernant Jean l'évangéliste. La mention de la manne sur l'une d'entre elles ne renvoie pas à l'Ancien Testament, mais à la poudre blanche qui jaillissait du tombeau de l'apôtre à Éphèse.
Development of Tumor-Infiltrating CD8+ T Cell Memory Precursor Effector Cells and Antimelanoma Memory Responses Are the Result of Vaccination and TGF-β Blockade during the Perioperative Period of Tumor Resection
Authors: Bellavance Emily C. , Kohlhapp Frederick J. , Zloza Andrew , O’Sullivan Jeremy A. , McCracken James , Jagoda Michael C. , Lacek Andrew T. , Posner Mitchell C. , Guevara-Patino Jose A. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA main goal of cancer immunology research is the formation of Ag-specific memory T cell immunity capable of activation upon tumor re-encounter. The requirements necessary to overcome the inhibitory signals present in the tumor microenvironment and form such memory T cell responses are unknown. In contrast to previous studies targeting tumors expressing highly immunogenic model Ags, we demonstrate that alleviating tumor-induced suppression along with vaccination against authentic Ags during the perioperative period provides long-lasting protection against a highly suppressive and poorly immunogenic melanoma. In this study, we employed DNA vaccination with an immunologically optimized mouse melanoma-shared Ag, Trp1ee/ng, combined with systemic TGF-β blockade during the perioperative period of primary tumor resection, to confer protection against B16 melanoma, and against JBRH, an independently derived melanoma unrelated to B16. Importantly, we demonstrate that correlative to memory responses, perioperative immunotherapy increases the formation of tumor-infiltrating and tumor-reactive CD8+ T cells expressing low levels of the transcription factor T-bet, defined as memory precursor effector cells. We show that conditions for an immunologically fertile environment are met when TGF-β blockade and vaccination are applied during the perioperative period of primary tumor resection. These findings address limitations of current CD8+ T cell immunotherapies against cancer by generating effective CD8+ T cell memory recall responses.
OX40 Complexes with Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase and Protein Kinase B (PKB) To Augment TCR-Dependent PKB Signaling
Authors: So Takanori , Choi Heonsik , Croft Michael 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
T lymphocyte activation requires signal 1 from the TCR and signal 2 from costimulatory receptors. For long-lasting immunity, growth and survival signals imparted through the Akt/protein kinase B (PKB) pathway in activated or effector T cells are important, and these can be strongly influenced by signaling from OX40 (CD134), a member of the TNFR superfamily. In the absence of OX40, T cells do not expand efficiently to Ag, and memory formation is impaired. How most costimulatory receptors integrate their signals with those from Ag through the TCR is not clear, including whether OX40 directly recruits PKB or molecules that regulate PKB. We show that OX40 after ligation by OX40L assembled a signaling complex that contained the adapter TNFR-associated factor 2 as well as PKB and its upstream activator phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). Recruitment of PKB and PI3K were dependent on TNFR-associated factor 2 and on translocation of OX40 into detergent-insoluble membrane lipid microdomains but independent of TCR engagement. However, OX40 only resulted in strong phosphorylation and functional activation of the PI3K–PKB pathway when Ag was recognized. Therefore, OX40 primarily functions to augment PKB signaling in T cells by enhancing the amount of PI3K and PKB available to the TCR. This highlights a quantitative role of this TNFR family second signal to supplement signal 1.
Evaluating the Association between Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Values and Short-Term Survival Rates following Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Hajsadeghi Shokoufeh , Mohseni Hamed , Moradi Masoud , Rahmani Elham , Kordshakeri Kiarash , Manteghi Mohammad Javad , Tokazebani Masoud , Mollahoseini Reza 
Published: February 2011

Backgrounds In recent years, low levels of Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) have been suggested to be associated with higher risks of developing heart failure and higher long-term mortality rates following Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI). However, the effect of IGF-1 levels on short-term survival has been rarely studied. In this study we aimed to assess any possible association between serum IGF-1 concentration following AMI and short-term survival rates. Methods In this study, serum total IGF-1 levels were measured in 56 patients within 24 hours following AMI and were compared to 56 individuals with no cardiovascular disease. Patients were followed up to death or discharge from hospital (median = 6 days) and survival curves were compared based on median IGF-1 value. Results Mean (±SD) of serum IGF-1 levels were 232.73 ng/ml (±81.74) and 211.00 ng/ml (±58.22) in survived and expired patients respectively and the difference was not statistically significant ( P value = 0.501). The difference between survival curves was also not statistically significant ( P value = 0.246). Conclusion According to findings of this study, serum total IGF-1 concentration does not seem to be associated with short-term survival rates.
Interpreting low normative bone mineral density among Saudi Arabian women
Authors: Greer William , Ahmed Mohammed , Rifai Ayman , Fatton Anne 
Published: February 2011

Abstract

Background: Although results from prior publications have indicated that normative bone mineral density (BMD) in Saudi Arabian women is significantly lower than their North American and European counterparts, there has been no systematic attempt to study these differences across the age-spectrum.

Objectives: To explore these issues in more detail, a new Saudi Arabian normative BMD dataset was systematically derived from patient data at King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre in Riyadh. Changes in mean BMD were studied with respect to both age and years-since-menopause.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of BMD was carried out among 858 Saudi Arabian women who had undergone routine dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. In addition to the usual patient details collected at each scan, information from questionnaires summarizing the patient’s medical, lifestyle and menopause history was also used to identify a subset of 179 presumed-normal women.

Results: The normative BMD results for the L2-L4 AP-spine scans agree very closely with published data describing Jeddah women and indicate that during their postmenopausal years, the BMD of an average Saudi Arabian woman drops from a premenopausal plateau (i.e. peak bone mass) of 1.14 g cm−2, to a residual postmenopausal plateau of 0.92 g cm−2. The time-constant for this loss is 4.64 years.

Conclusions: We conclude that the average BMD of normal Saudi Arabian women is approximately 0.1 g cm−2 lower than European women across the entire adult age-range, but that the extent and rate of postmenopausal bone loss appears to lie within the normal European range. This suggests that osteoporosis is first manifested in young adults.
Perceived leadership style of Jordanian academic deans in higher education institutions: Qualitative study
Authors: Al-Omari Aieman Ahmad 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
This qualitative study focuses on the perceptions of two academic deans and their leadership styles. The leadership Behavior Description Questionnaire is used as a frame for analyzing data. Using qualitative methods, observation and interview data were collected. Two themes emerged, Initiating Structure, and Consideration. The Initiating Structure behavior of leaders was all are open to different strategies in problem solving and annual review to make sure faculty/staff members work to capacity. When it came to Consideration, the dominant behavior patterns among deans was having an open door policy with their faculty, willing to make changes, and having high morale within the college.
Design of formulated products: Experimental component
Authors: Conte Elisa , Gani Rafiqul , Cheng Yuen S. , Ng Ka M. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA systematic methodology for the design and verification of chemical‐based products is proposed. By integrating modeling, and experiments, the search space is efficiently scanned to identify the feasible product candidates. The product design (or verification) problem consists of three stages: computer‐aided design (Stage 1), which generates a list of feasible candidates, experimental planning (Stage 2), which generates a list of experiments and checks the available experimental set‐ups, and experimental testing (Stage 3), which measures the necessary data and verifies the desirable attributes of the final product. The first stage (Stage 1) has been covered in previous publications, along with detailed case studies. The development of Stage 2 and Stage 3 is considered in this article and highlighted through two case studies involving the design and validation of an insect repellent lotion and a sunscreen lotion. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2012
X‐chromosomal genetic diversity and linkage disequilibrium patterns in Amerindians and non‐Amerindian populations
Authors: Amorim Carlos Eduardo G. , Wang Sijia , Marrero Andrea R. , Salzano Francisco M. , Ruiz‐Linares Andrés , Bortolini Maria Cátira 
Published: February 2011

AbstractObjectives: We report X‐chromosomal linkage disequilibrium (LD) patterns in Amerindian (Kogi, Wayuu, and Zenu) and admixed Latin American (Central Valley of Costa Rica and Southern Brazilian Gaucho) populations.Methods: Short tandem repeats (STRs) widespread along the X‐chromosome were investigated in 132 and 124 chromosomes sampled from the Amerindian tribes and the admixed Latin American populations, respectively. Diversity indexes (gene diversity and average numbers of alleles per locus) were estimated for each population and the level of LD was inferred with an exact test.Results: The Amerindian populations presented lower genetic diversity and a higher proportion of loci in LD than the admixed ones. Two haplotype blocks were identified in the X‐chromosome, both restricted to the Amerindians. The first involved DXS8051 and DXS7108 in Xp22.22 and Xp22.3, while the second found only among the Kogi, included eight loci in a region between Xp11.4 and Xq21.1.Conclusions: In accordance to previous work done with other populations, human isolates, such as Amerindian tribes, seem to be an optimal choice for the implementation of association studies due to the wide extent of LD which can be found in their gene pool. On the other hand, the low proportion of loci in LD found in both admixed populations studied here could be explained by events related to their history and similarities between the allele frequencies in the parental stocks. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Catalytic properties of transition metal salts immobilized on nanoporous silica polyamine composites II: hydrogenation
Authors: Allen Jesse , Rosenberg Edward , Karakhanov Eduard , Kardashev Sergey V. , Maximov Anton , Zolotukhina Anna 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe transition metal compounds Pd(OAc)2, RhCl3·4H2O and RuCl3 · nH2O were adsorbed onto the nanoporous silica polyamine composite (SPC) particles (150–250 µm), WP‐1 [poly(ethyleneimine) on amorphous silica], BP‐1 [poly(allylamine) on amorphous silica], WP‐2 (WP‐1 modified with chloroacetic acid) and BP‐2 (BP‐1 modified with chloroacetic acid). Inductively coupled plasma‐atomic emission spectrometry analysis of the dried samples after digestion indicated metal loadings of 0.4–1.2 mmol g−1 except for RhCl3·4H2O on BP‐2 which showed a metal loading of only 0.1 mmol g−1. The metal loaded composites were then screened as hydrogenation catalysts for the reduction of 1‐octene, 1‐decene, 1‐hexene and 1, 3‐cyclohexadiene at a hydrogen pressure of 5 atm in the temperature range of 50–90 °C. All 12 combinations of SPC and transition metal compound proved active for the reduction of the terminal olefins, but isomerization to internal alkenes was competitive in all cases. Under these conditions, selective hydrogenation of 1,3‐cyclohexadiene to cyclohexene was observed with some of the catalysts. Turnover frequencies were estimated for the hydrogenation reactions based on the metal loading and were in some cases comparable to more conventional heterogeneous hydrogenation catalysts. Examination of the catalysts before and after reaction with X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy revealed that, in the cases of Pd(OAc)2 on WP‐2, BP‐1 and BP‐2, conversion of the surface‐ligand bound metal ions to metal nano‐particles occurs. This was not the case for Pd(OAc)2 on WP‐1 or for RuCl3 · nH2O and RhCl3· 4H2O on all four composites. The overall results are discussed in terms of differences in metal ion coordination modes for the composite transition‐metal combinations. Suggested ligand interactions are supported by solid state CPMAS 13C NMR analyses and by analogy with previous structural investigations of metal binding modes on these composite materials. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Molecular Logic Gate Arrays
Authors: Prasanna de Silva A. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractChemists are now able to emulate the ideas and instruments of mathematics and computer science with molecules. The integration of molecular logic gates into small arrays has been a growth area during the last few years. The design principles underlying a collection of these cases are examined. Some of these computing molecules are applicable in medical‐ and biotechnologies. Cases of blood diagnostics, ‘lab‐on‐a‐molecule’ systems, and molecular computational identification of small objects are included.
HMGB1–Carbenoxolone Interactions: Dynamics Insights from Combined Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Molecular Dynamics
Authors: Mollica Luca , Morra Giulia , Colombo Giorgio , Musco Giovanna 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe interplay of protein dynamics and molecular recognition is of fundamental importance in biological processes. Atomic‐resolution insights into these phenomena may provide new opportunities for drug discovery. Herein, we have combined NMR relaxation experiments and residual dipolar coupling (RDC) measurements with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to study the effects of the anti‐inflammatory drug carbenoxolone (CBNX) on the conformational properties and on the internal dynamics of a subdomain (box A) of high‐mobility group B protein (HMGB1). 15N relaxation data show that CBNX binding enhances the fast pico‐ to nanosecond motions of a loop and partially removes the internal motional anisotropy of the first two helices of box A. Dipolar wave analysis of amide RDC data shows that ligand binding induces helical distortions. In parallel, increased mobility of the loop upon ligand binding is highlighted by the essential dynamics analysis (EDA) of MD simulations. Moreover, simulations detect two possible orientations for CBNX, which induces two possible conformations of helix H3, one being similar to the free form and the second one causing a partial helical distortion. Finally, we introduce a new approach for the analysis of the internal coordination of protein residues that is consistent with experimental data and allows us to pinpoint which substructures of box A are dynamically affected by CBNX. The observations reported here may be useful for understanding the role of protein dynamics in binding at atomic resolution.
Force spectroscopy of chromatin fibers: Extracting energetics and structural information from Monte Carlo simulations
Authors: Kepper Nick , Ettig Ramona , Stehr Rene , Marnach Sven , Wedemann Gero , Rippe Karsten 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe folding of the nucleosome chain into a chromatin fiber is a central factor for controlling the DNA access of protein factors involved in transcription, DNA replication and repair. Force spectroscopy experiments with chromatin fibers are ideally suited to dissect the interactions that drive this process, and to probe the underlying fiber conformation. However, the interpretation of the experimental data is fraught with difficulties due to the complex interplay of the nucleosome geometry and the different energy terms involved. Here, we apply a Monte Carlo simulation approach to derive virtual chromatin fiber force spectroscopy curves. In the simulations, the effect of the nucleosome geometry, repeat length, nucleosome–nucleosome interaction potential, and the unwrapping of the DNA from the histone protein core on the shape of the force‐extension curves was investigated. These simulations provide a framework for the evaluation of experimental data sets. We demonstrate how the relative contributions of DNA bending and twisting, nucleosome unstacking and unwrapping the nucleosomal DNA from the histone octamer can be dissected for a given fiber geometry. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 95: 435–447, 2011.
Design and conformational analysis of peptoids containing N‐hydroxy amides reveals a unique sheet‐like secondary structure
Authors: Crapster J. Aaron , Stringer Joseph R. , Guzei Ilia A. , Blackwell Helen E. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractN‐hydroxy amides can be found in many naturally occurring and synthetic compounds and are known to act as both strong proton donors and chelators of metal cations. We have initiated studies of peptoids, or N‐substituted glycines which contain N‐hydroxy amide side chains to investigate the potential effects of these functional groups on peptoid backbone amide rotamer equilibria and local conformations. We reasoned that the propensity of these functional groups to participate in hydrogen bonding could be exploited to enforce intramolecular or intermolecular interactions that yield new peptoid structures. Here, we report the design, synthesis, and detailed conformational analysis of a series of model N‐hydroxy peptoids. These peptoids were readily synthesized, and their structures were analyzed in solution by 1D and 2D NMR and in the solid‐state by X‐ray crystallography. The N‐hydroxy amides were found to strongly favor trans conformations with respect to the peptoid backbone in chloroform. More notably, unique sheet‐like structures held together via intermolecular hydrogen bonds were observed in the X‐ray crystal structures of an N‐hydroxy amide peptoid dimer, which to our knowledge represent the first structure of this type reported for peptoids. These results suggest that the N‐hydroxy amide can be utilized to control both local backbone geometries and longer‐range intermolecular interactions in peptoids, and represents a new functional group in the peptoid design toolbox. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 96: 604–616, 2011.
Impact of ligand density on the optimization of ion‐exchange membrane chromatography for viral vector purification
Authors: Vicente Tiago , Fáber René , Alves Paula M. , Carrondo Manuel J.T. , Mota José P.B. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe effect of ligand density on anion‐exchange membrane chromatography (AEXmc) for the purification of recombinant baculoviruses (rBVs), potential viral vectors in clinical applications, is studied by surface plasmon resonance on customized AEX surfaces and gradient elution experiments on Sartobind D membrane prototypes with different diethylamine ligand densities, complemented by dynamic light scattering analysis for estimation of the hydrodynamic particle size of the various biologics. A chromatographic‐column model based on the steric mass action model of ion exchange is employed to analyze the gradient‐elution AEXmc experiments, extrapolate the results to other operating conditions, and provide directions for process improvement. Although counterintuitively, the experimental evidence provided in this study shows that the lowering of ligand density is beneficial for rBV purification by AEXmc in bind‐and‐elute‐mode, because it decreases the residual concentrations of host cell protein, dsDNA, and non‐infective rBVs in the eluted product cut, and increases the overall yield by roughly 20% over current standard values. Overall, we present a case study on how rational design can streamline downstream process development. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2011; 108:1347–1359. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Prospective study of biliary cytology in suspected perihilar cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Hattori M , Nagino M , Ebata T , Kato K , Okada K , Shimoyama Y 
Published: February 2011

Abstract

Background
The diagnostic value of biliary cytology for hilar bile duct stricture is uncertain. This study prospectively examined three methods for the evaluation of biliary cytology in a consecutive group of patients.

Methods
Preoperative bile sampling by aspiration through a drainage catheter (aspiration samples), saline flush through a drainage catheter (saline samples) or direct sampling from a drainage bag (bag samples) was performed in consecutive patients with suspected perihilar cholangiocarcinoma who underwent resection after endoscopic nasobiliary drainage or percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage. All bile sampling was performed three times on separate days. The accuracy of cytology in the diagnosis of carcinoma was determined.

Results
Of 100 consecutive patients with hilar strictures, 97 had histologically proven cholangiocarcinoma. The proportion of these 97 patients who had a positive finding on cytology in at least one of three sampling sessions was 55 per cent for aspiration samples, 48 per cent for bag samples and 38 per cent for saline samples (P = 0·021, aspiration versus saline). Tumour length correlated significantly with overall positivity. For aspiration samples, sensitivity was 55 per cent, specificity was 100 per cent and accuracy 56·0 per cent.

Conclusion
For biliary cytology, sampling by catheter aspiration is more effective than catheter flushing or sampling from a drainage bag. Repeated sampling increases sensitivity. Biliary cytology has modest diagnostic yield, but is easy to perform, highly specific, and can provide a definitive diagnosis.