bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Externalizing and internalizing behaviors in ASD
Authors: Bauminger Nirit , Solomon Marjorie , Rogers Sally J. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe current study investigated the relationships between internalizing and externalizing (I‐E) behaviors and family variables, including both parenting stress and quality of attachment relations, in children aged 8–12 with high‐functioning autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or with typical development. Compared to the group with typical development, children with ASD exhibited significantly greater levels of psychopathology as assessed by the Child Behavior Checklist [Achenbach, 1991], and parents of children with ASD exhibited higher parenting stress as assessed by the Parenting Stress Index [Abidin, 1995]. In a hierarchical multiple regression analysis, parenting stress emerged as the most important predictor of children's I‐E problems. Results are discussed in light of the two groups' similar relationships between parenting stress and child psychopathology.
Leader‐driven distortion of probability and payoff information affects choices between risky prospects
Authors: DeKay Michael L. , Stone Eric R. , Miller Seth A. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractResearch indicating that decision makers often distort new information to favor nascent preferences has focused primarily on riskless choice rather than risky choice. In addition, the critical assumption that information distortion mediates the link between the initially preferred alternative and the final choice has not been tested in a compelling manner. In an experiment designed to fill these gaps, participants made six choices involving pairs of hypothetical three‐outcome monetary gambles. We manipulated initial preferences by varying the order in which gamble features were presented. Multilevel regressions indicated that participants distorted their evaluations of precise probabilities and payoffs in the direction of their emerging preferences and that they used their biased evaluations to update those preferences. As expected, information distortion mediated the effect of initial preferences on final choices and final preference strength. In a follow‐up experiment, we compared a standard measure of information distortion (based on comparisons to mean ratings in a no‐choice control task) to a more personalized measure (based on participants' own ratings in the control task) and found the mean‐based measure to be superior for the probability and payoff information in question. Other findings in Experiment 2 corroborated the results of Experiment 1. In both studies, the distortion of quantitative inputs in a simple task highlights the non‐normative circularity of the choice process. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Embryonic expression of the cysteine rich protein 61 (CYR61) gene: A candidate for the development of human epispadias
Authors: Draaken Markus , Proske Judith , Schramm Charlotte , Wittler Lars , Bartels Enrika , Nöthen Markus M. , Reutter Heiko , Ludwig Michael 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND: Isolated epispadias is the mildest phenotype of the exstrophy‐epispadias complex, a urogenital birth defect of variable severity. The androgen receptor antagonist flutamide (FLU) is known to cause malformations in the rat genital and reproductive tract, and single‐dose prenatal FLU exposure can induce epispadias in rat offspring. The Cyr61 gene exhibited the highest response to FLU in rat fetal testis, and we suggested it a promising candidate gene for epispadias in humans, because its protein product promotes proliferation, migration, and adhesion of endothelial cells and fibroblasts. METHODS: We used whole mount in situ analysis in mice to investigate ventrocaudal expression of the Cyr61 transcript at gestational days 9.5 to 11.5, which is the equivalent of human gestational weeks 4 to 6 (postulated time of epispadias organogenesis in humans). We also performed mutational analysis of the CYR61 gene in 11 patients with isolated epispadias and in additional eight patients with the related classic bladder exstrophy phenotype. RESULTS: Expression of Cyr61 was detected in endothelial cells of vessels surrounding the cloaca and the umbilical cord on gestational days 10 and 11.5. The mutation screening, however, revealed no alterations in the coding region of human CYR61. CONCLUSIONS: The spatiotemporal expression pattern observed suggests a role for Cyr61 in the development of the external genitalia. Our mutation screening study, however, could not confirm that mutations affecting the CYR61 gene are a frequent cause of epispadias or classic bladder exstrophy, although rare mutations might be detectable in larger patient samples. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An update to the list of mouse mutants with neural tube closure defects and advances toward a complete genetic perspective of neural tube closure
Authors: Harris Muriel J. , Juriloff Diana M. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe number of mouse mutants and strains with neural tube defects (NTDs) now exceeds 240, including 205 representing specific genes, 30 for unidentified genes, and 9 multifactorial strains. These mutants identify genes needed for embryonic neural tube closure. Reports of 50 new NTD mutants since our 2007 review (Harris and Juriloff,2007) were considered in relation to the previously reviewed mutants to obtain new insights into mechanisms of NTD etiology. In addition to null mutations, some are hypomorphs or conditional mutants. Some mutations do not cause NTDs on their own, but do so in digenic, trigenic, and oligogenic combinations, an etiology that likely parallels the nature of genetic etiology of human NTDs. Mutants that have only exencephaly are fourfold more frequent than those that have spina bifida aperta with or without exencephaly. Many diverse cellular functions and biochemical pathways are involved; the NTD mutants draw new attention to chromatin modification (epigenetics), the protease‐activated receptor cascade, and the ciliopathies. Few mutants directly involve folate metabolism. Prevention of NTDs by maternal folate supplementation has been tested in 13 mutants and reduces NTD frequency in six diverse mutants. Inositol reduces spina bifida aperta frequency in the curly tail mutant, and three new mutants involve inositol metabolism. The many NTD mutants are the foundation for a future complete genetic understanding of the processes of neural fold elevation and fusion along mechanistically distinct cranial‐caudal segments of the neural tube, and they point to several candidate processes for study in human NTD etiology. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Maternal prepregnancy body mass index and risk of neural tube defects: A population‐based case–control study in Shanxi province, China
Authors: Li Zhiwen , Liu Jianmeng , Ye Rongwei , Zhang Le , Pei Lijun , Zheng Xiaoying , Ren Aiguo 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Many studies from the Western world have indicated that maternal obesity is associated with an increased risk of neural tube defects (NTDs). However, few reports have been available on this association from Asian populations. Our aim was to examine the relationship between maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and the risk of NTDs in a population of northern China.METHODS:Data were derived from an ongoing population‐based case–control study of birth defects in Shanxi province, China. Subjects were 511 NTD cases and 687 controls selected from the same population between January 2003 and June 2007. BMI was based on maternal height and prepregnancy weight as reported within 1 week of delivery.RESULTS:We found no significantly increased risk of NTDs for obese women (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 0.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.29–1.49) or for underweight women (adjusted OR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.62–1.62) relative to normal‐weight women. We found a significantly reduced risk of overall NTDs (adjusted OR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.41–0.76) and anencephaly (adjusted OR, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.26–0.62) for overweight women compared to normal‐weight women.CONCLUSIONS:Our results do not support the association between maternal prepregnancy obesity and increased risk of overall NTDs or of any subtype of NTDs in the Chinese population. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Caffeine, selected metabolic gene variants, and risk for neural tube defects
Authors: Schmidt Rebecca J. , Romitti Paul A. , Burns Trudy L. , Murray Jeffrey C. , Browne Marilyn L. , Druschel Charlotte M. , Olney Richard S. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Investigations of maternal caffeine intake and neural tube defects (NTDs) have not considered genetic influences. Caffeine metabolism gene effects were examined in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study.METHODS:Average daily caffeine was summed from self‐reported coffee, tea, soda, and chocolate intake for mothers of 768 NTD cases, and 4143 controls delivered from 1997 to 2002. A subset of 306 NTD and 669 control infants and their parents were genotyped forCYP1A2*1F,NAT2 481C>T, andNAT2 590G>A.CYP1A2*1Fwas classified by fast or slow oxidation status, andNAT2variants were categorized into rapid or slow acetylation status. Case‐control logistic regression analyses, family‐based transmission/disequilibrium tests and log‐linear analyses, and hybrid log‐linear analyses were conducted to produce odds ratios (ORs) or relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for caffeine intake and maternal and infant gene variants, and to examine interaction effects.RESULTS:NTDs were independently associated with infant slowNAT2acetylator status (RR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.10–3.64) and maternalCYP1A2*1Ffast oxidation status (OR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.10–2.03). Mothers who consumed caffeine, oxidizedCYP1A2*1Fquickly, and acetylizedNAT2slowly had a nonsignificantly elevated estimated risk for an NTD‐affected pregnancy (OR, 3.10; 95% CI, 0.86–11.21). Multiplicative interaction effects were observed between maternal caffeine and infantCYP1A2*1Ffast oxidizer status (pinteraction= 0.03).CONCLUSIONS:The association identified between maternalCYP1A2*1Ffast oxidation status and NTDs should be examined further in the context of the other substrates ofCYP1A2.Maternal caffeine and its metabolites may be associated with increased risk for NTD‐affected pregnancies in genetically susceptible subgroups. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of childbirth after treatment on long-term survival from breast cancer
Authors: Verkooijen H M , Lim G H , Czene K , Bhalla V , Chow K Y , Yap K P L , Chia K S , Hartman M 
Published: May 2010

Abstract

Background
This study quantified long-term absolute and relative mortality risks of survivors of breast cancer with subsequent childbirth.

Methods
The Singapore Birth Register (n = 319 437), Swedish Multi-Generation Register (n = 11 million) and population-based cancer registries were linked to identify 492 women with childbirth after breast cancer. For these women, cumulative mortality risks and standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were calculated and compared with those of 8529 women aged less than 40 years with breast cancer without subsequent childbirth, and with those predicted by Adjuvant! Online.

Results
Women with subsequent childbirth had a lower 15-year cumulative overall mortality rate than other women with breast cancer (16·8 (95 per cent confidence interval (c.i.) 13·3 to 20·9) versus 40·7 (39·5 to 41·9) per cent), but a higher relative mortality risk than the background population (SMR 13·6, 95 per cent c.i. 10·6 to 17·3). Mortality risks decreased significantly with increasing interval between diagnosis and subsequent childbirth. Mean 10-year cumulative mortality risks of women with subsequent childbirth were within the range of 10-year mortality predicted by Adjuvant! Online for women with T1 N0 tumours in otherwise perfect health.

Conclusion
This study reinforced the view that pregnancy after breast cancer is not detrimental to survival. However, women who gave birth after this diagnosis had substantially higher mortality risks than young women in the general population. This information may be a valuable addition to routine mortality estimates.
Validation of an LC/MS method for the determination of gemfibrozil in human plasma and its application to a pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Rower Joseph E. , Bushman Lane R. , Hammond Kyle P. , Kadam Rajendra S. , Aquilante Christina L. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractGemfibrozil, a fibric acid hypolipidemic agent, is increasingly being used in clinical drug–drug interaction studies as an inhibitor of drug metabolizing enzymes and drug transporters. The validation of a fast, accurate and precise LC/MS method is described for the quantitative determination of gemfibrozil in an EDTA‐anticoagulated human plasma matrix. Briefly, gemfibrozil was extracted from human plasma by an acetonitrile protein precipitation method. The assay was reproducible with intra‐assay precision between 1.6 and 10.7%, and inter‐assay precision ranging from 4.4 to 7.8%. The assay also showed good accuracy, with intra‐assay concentrations within 85.6–108.7% of the expected value, and inter‐assay concentrations within 89.4–104.0% of the expected value. The linear concentration range was between 0.5 and 50 µg/mL with a lower limit of quantitation of 0.5 µg/mL when 125 µL of plasma were extracted. This LC/MS method yielded a quick, simple and reliable protocol for determining gemfibrozil concentrations in plasma and is applicable to clinical pharmacokinetic studies. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The step space: example‐based footprint‐driven motion synthesis
Authors: van Basten B.J.H. , Peeters P.W.A.M. , Egges A. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractEspecially in a constrained virtual environment, precise control of foot placement during character locomotion is crucial to avoid collisions and to ensure a natural locomotion. In this paper, we present the step space: a novel technique for generating animations of a character walking over a set of desired foot steps in real‐time. We use an efficient greedy nearest‐neighbor approach and warp the resulting animation such that it adheres to both spatial and temporal constraints. We use smart aligning and inverse kinematics to ensure spatial constraints and time warping for temporal constraints. We will show that our technique can generate realistic locomotion animations very efficiently even though we impose many constraints on the animation. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Real‐time expression of affect through respiration
Authors: de Melo Celso M. , Kenny Patrick , Gratch Jonathan 
Published: May 2010

AbstractAffect has been shown to influence respiration in people. This paper takes this insight and proposes a real‐time model to express affect through respiration in virtual humans. Fourteen affective states are explored: excitement, relaxation, focus, pain, relief, boredom, anger, fear, panic, disgust, surprise, startle, sadness, and joy. Specific respiratory patterns are described from the literature for each of these affective states. Then, a real‐time model of respiration is proposed that uses morphing to animate breathing and provides parameters to control respiration rate, respiration depth and the respiration cycle curve. These parameters are used to implement the respiratory patterns. Finally, a within‐subjects study is described where subjects are asked to classify videos of the virtual human expressing each affective state with or without the specific respiratory patterns. The study was presented to 41 subjects and the results show that the model improved perception of excitement, pain, relief, boredom, anger, fear, panic, disgust, and startle. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthetic vision‐based perceptual attention for augmented reality agents
Authors: Oh Sejin , Baek Woonhyuk , Woo Woontack 
Published: May 2010

AbstractWe describe our model for synthetic vision‐based perceptual attention for autonomous agents in augmented reality (AR) environments. Since virtual and physical objects coexist in their environment, such agents must adaptively perceive and attend to objects relevant to their goals. To enable agents to perceive their surroundings, our approach allows the agents to determine currently visible objects from the scene description of what virtual and physical objects are configured in the camera's viewing area. In our model, a degree of attention is assigned to each perceived object based on its similarity to target objects related to an agent's goals. The agent can thus focus on a reduced set of perceived objects with respect to the estimated degree of attention. Moreover, by continuously and smartly updating the perceptual memory, it eliminates the processing loads associated to previously observed objects. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach, we implemented an animated character that was overlaid over a miniature version of campus in real‐time and that attended to building blocks relevant to given tasks. Experiments showed that our model could reduce a character's perceptual load at any time, even when surroundings change. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Production of Highly Loaded Nanocomposites by Dispersing Nanoparticles in Epoxy Resin
Authors: Nolte H. , Schilde C. , Kwade A. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe objective of this study was the investigation of techniques for dispersing alumina nanoparticles with different surface modifications in epoxy resin. In order to prepare the matrix suspension, high contents of fillers (up to 50 wt %) were dispersed by conducting shear mixing techniques in a high performance laboratory kneader. The intention was to attain solutions that were stable against re‐agglomeration, while the mass fraction and the product fineness were maintained as high as possible. Therefore, both the formulations and the dispersion parameters were varied systematically. An epoxy resin was used as a carrier fluid and a corresponding amine hardener system was chosen. Tests were performed using alumina particles and surface modified alumina particles at different particle concentrations. Furthermore, the effect of diluting the colloidal suspensions and the resulting long term stability were also examined. The matrix suspension was examined with respect to viscosity, stability and particle size distribution.
Model population analysis for variable selection
Authors: Li Hong‐Dong , Liang Yi‐Zeng , Xu Qing‐Song , Cao Dong‐Sheng 
Published: May 2010

AbstractTo build a credible model for given chemical or biological or clinical data, it may be helpful to first get somewhat better insight into the data itself before modeling and then to present the statistically stable results derived from a large number of sub‐models established only on one dataset with the aid of Monte Carlo Sampling (MCS). In the present work, a concept model population analysis (MPA) is developed. Briefly, MPA could be considered as a general framework for developing new methods by statistically analyzing some interesting parameters (regression coefficients, prediction errors, etc.) of a number of sub‐models. New methods are expected to be developed by making full use of the interesting parameter in a novel manner. In this work, the elements of MPA are first considered and described. Then, the applications for variable selection and model assessment are emphasized with the help of MPA. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Boron‐Based Dipolar Multicomponent Reactions: Simple Generation of Substituted Aziridines, Oxazolidines and Pyrrolidines
Authors: Kielland Nicola , Catti Federica , Bello Davide , Isambert Nicolas , Soteras Ignacio , Luque F. Javier , Lavilla Rodolfo 
Published: May 2010

AbstractNew multicomponent reactions of aldehydes, isocyanides, trialkylboron reagents and dipolarophiles have been developed as an efficient route to diverse scaffolds, including aziridines, oxazolidines and poly‐substituted pyrrolidines. This chemistry, inspired by a report by Hesse in 1965, is simple and involves mild conditions. Computational studies provide a basis to investigate the stereochemical features observed in the formation of oxazolidines and four‐component adducts, and permit identification of potential factors that might influence the outcome of the multicomponent reaction. Thus, a rational screening of all the components and reaction parameters is made to examine the manifold mechanistic pathways and establish the practical limits for standard applications. Finally, intramolecular and solid‐supported versions of these reactions bring new synthetic possibilities and practical protocols. Overall, the results describe a new family of multicomponent reactions valuable not only for organic reactivity, but also for combinatorial chemistry and drug discovery.
ChemInform Abstract: Evolution of Crystalline Aluminates from Hybrid Gel‐Derived Precursors Studied by XRD and Multinuclear Solid State MAS NMR. Part 4. Calcium Dialuminate, CaAl4O7 and Calcium Hexaluminate, CaAl12O19.
Authors: MacKenzie K. J. D. , Schmuecker M. , Smith M. E. , Poplett I. J. F. , Kemmitt T. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Vibrational Spectra of the Cluster Anions. Part 1. Vibrational Spectra of the Cluster Anions [E4]4‐ in the Metallic Sodium and Barium Compounds Na4E4 and Ba2E4 (E: Si, Ge).
Authors: Somer Mehmet 
Published: May 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Lithium Chloromolybdate Li[Mo6Cl13].
Authors: Stroebele Markus , Meyer H.‐Juergen 
Published: May 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Contributions on Crystal Structures and Thermal Behavior of Anhydrous Phosphates. Part 29. Preparation and Structure Determination of SrMn2(PO4)2 and Redetermination of β′‐Mn3(PO4)2.
Authors: El‐Bali B. , Boukhari A. , Glaum R. , Gerk M. , Maass K. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Crystal Packing in Three Modifications of PPh4[ReO(S4)2] and PPh4[ReS(S4)2].
Authors: Mueller Ulrich , Noll Andrea 
Published: May 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Enantioselective Rh‐Catalyzed Hydrogenation Reactions Based on Chiral Monophosphite Ligands.
Authors: Reetz Manfred T. , Mehler Gerlinde 
Published: May 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.