bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of endothelial dysfunction and peripheral arterial disease with sarcopenia in chronic kidney disease
Authors: Hsu Bang‐Gee , Wang Chih‐Hsien , Lai Yu‐Hsien , Kuo Chiu‐Huang , Lin Yu‐Li 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundEndothelial dysfunction and peripheral arterial disease (PAD), which disturb skeletal muscle microperfusion, are highly prevalent in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). We evaluated the association of endothelial dysfunction and PAD with sarcopenia in patients with non‐dialysis CKD.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included 420 patients with stages 3–5 non‐dialysis CKD aged 69.0 ± 11.8 years. Skeletal muscle index (skeletal muscle mass/height2), handgrip strength, 6‐m gait speed and strength of hip flexion and knee extension were measured. Sarcopenia was defined according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019. Endothelial dysfunction and PAD were assessed using the vascular reactivity index (VRI) and ankle–brachial index (ABI), respectively. A VRI < 1.0 was classified as poor endothelial function, and an ABI < 0.9 was defined as PAD. Additionally, endothelial and inflammatory biomarkers, including intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1), vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1 (VCAM‐1), asymmetric dimethylarginine, endothelin‐1 (ET‐1) and interleukin‐6, were measured in a subgroup of 262 patients.ResultsAmong the participants, 103 (24.5%) were classified as having sarcopenia. Compared with patients without sarcopenia, those with sarcopenia had significantly lower ABI (1.04 ± 0.16 vs. 1.08 ± 0.15, P = 0.028 for the right ABI; 1.01 ± 0.16 vs. 1.06 ± 0.16, P = 0.002 for the left ABI) and VRI (0.83 ± 0.57 vs. 1.08 ± 0.56, P < 0.001) and had higher serum levels of ICAM‐1 (P < 0.001), VCAM‐1 (P = 0.003) and ET‐1 (P = 0.037). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that, beyond age and body mass index, the average ABI (odds ratio [OR]: 0.81/0.1 increase; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.67–0.98; P = 0.032) and VRI (OR: 0.93/0.1 increase; 95% CI: 0.88–0.98; P = 0.010) were independently associated with sarcopenia. Among the endothelial biomarkers measured, ICAM‐1 (OR: 2.47/1‐SD increase; 95% CI: 1.62–3.75) and VCAM‐1 (OR: 1.91/1‐SD increase; 95% CI: 1.27–2.87) were independent predictors of sarcopenia. Group stratification based on the cut‐offs of VRI and ABI showed that those with both poor VRI and ABI had the greatest risk for sarcopenia (OR: 4.22; 95% CI: 1.69–10.49), compared with those with normal VRI and ABI.ConclusionsEndothelial dysfunction and PAD are independently associated with sarcopenia in patients with stages 3–5 CKD, suggesting the dominant role of vascular dysfunction in sarcopenia.
Pan‐microscopic examination of monkeypox virus in trophoblasts cells reveals new insights into virions release through filopodia‐like projections
Authors: Andrieu Jonatane , Valade Margaux , Lebideau Marion , Bretelle Florence , Mège Jean‐Louis , Wurtz Nathalie , Mezouar Soraya , La Scola Bernard , Baudoin Jean‐Pierre 
Published: April 2024

AbstractVertical transmission has been described following monkeypox virus (MPXV) infection in pregnant women. The presence of MPXV has been reported in the placenta from infected women, but whether pathogens colonize placenta remains unexplored. We identify trophoblasts as a target cell for MPXV replication. In a pan‐microscopy approach, we decipher the specific infectious cycle of MPXV and inner cellular structures in trophoblasts. We identified the formation of a specialized region for viral morphogenesis and replication in placental cells. We also reported infection‐induced cellular remodeling. We found that MPXV stimulates cytoskeleton reorganization with intercellular extensions for MPXV cell spreading specifically to trophoblastic cells. Altogether, the specific infectious cycle of MPXV in trophoblast cells and these protrusions that were structurally and morphologically similar to filopodia reveal new insights into the infection of MPXV.
Lost in research translation: Female athletes are not male athletes, especially at the hip
Authors: Lewis Cara L. , Shefelbine Sandra J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAltered shape of the proximal femur (cam morphology) or acetabulum (pincer morphology) is indicative of femoroacetabular impingement, which can result in hip pain and osteoarthritis of the hip. As mechanical load during growth affects the resulting bone shape, there is strong evidence in males that cam morphology develops during skeletal growth while physes are open, rather than as an adaptation after growth plates are closed (skeletal maturity). This adaptation is particularly evident in athletes who participate at elite levels prior to skeletal maturity. The research providing this evidence, however, has primarily focused on male athletes. Despite the lack of inclusion in the research, females consistently comprise two thirds of the clinical and surgical populations with structural hip pain or pathology. Knowledge gained from male‐dominated cohorts may not appropriately transfer to female athletes, especially at the hip. This perspectives article briefly reviews differences between females and males in femoral and acetabular structure, hormones, timing of puberty/maturation, hypermobility, activity level and movement control—factors which affect hip structure development and loading. Without female‐focused research, the application of research findings from male athletes to female athletes may lead to ineffective or even inappropriate recommendations and treatments. Thus, there is a critical need for investment in research to promote life‐long hip health for females.
Dynamic transcriptome profiles of skeletal muscle growth and development in Shaziling and Yorkshire pigs using RNA‐sequencing
Authors: Zheng Changbing , Zhong Yinzhao , Zhang Peiwen , Guo Qiuping , Li Fengna , Duan Yehui 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDWe previously demonstrated that Shaziling and Yorkshire pigs differ in growth rate and meat quality. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for such phenotypic differences remain unclear. In the present study, we performed a transcriptomic analysis of 36 longissimus dorsi (LM) and 36 soleus (SM) muscle samples from Shaziling and Yorkshire pigs at six postnatal stages (30, 60, 90, 150, 210 and 300 days) to explore the differences in postnatal skeletal muscle of Shaziling and Yorkshire pigs.RESULTSMuscle morphological changes and the number of differentially expressed genes indicated the two stages of 60–90 days and 150–210 days were critical for the muscle growth and development in Shaziling pigs. Genes such as FLNC, COL1A1, NRAP, SMYD1, TNNI3, CRYAB and PDLIM3 played vital roles in the muscle growth, and genes such as CCDC71L, LPIN1, CPT1A, UCP3, NR4A3 and PDK4 played dominant roles in the lipid metabolism. Additionally, in contrast to the LM, the percentage of slow‐twitch muscle fibers in the SM of both breeds consistently decreased from 30 to 150 days of age, but there was a significant rebound at 210 days of age. However, the percentage of slow‐twitch muscle fibers in the SM of Shaziling pigs was higher than that in Yorkshire pigs, which may be associated with the calcium signaling pathway and the PPARβ/δ signaling pathway.CONCLUSIONThe present study detected two critical periods and many functional genes for the muscle growth and development of Shaziling pigs, and showed differences in muscle fiber characteristics between Shaziling and Yorkshire pigs. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Extracellular vesicles of Bifidobacterium longum reverse the acquired carboplatin resistance in ovarian cancer cells via p53 phosphorylation on Ser15
Authors: Fan Yun‐Long , Jin Jia‐Xi , Zhu Jun , Ruan Hai‐Bo , Huang Jin‐Qun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe previously found that the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium was increased after chemotherapy; however, the role of Bifidobacterium longum in chemotherapeutic drug resistance in ovarian cancer (OVC) remains unclear. This study aimed to understand the potential effects and mechanism of B. longum extracellular vesicles (B. longum‐EVs) on carboplatin (CBP) resistance in OVC. Eight normal and 11 ovarian tissues were collected and the expression of B. longum genomic DNA and its association with acquired CBP resistance in OVC patients was determined. After isolating EVs by ultracentrifugation from B. longum (ATCC 15707), CBP‐resistant A2780 cells were treated with PBS, CBP, B. longum‐EVs, or CBP + B. longum‐EVs, and subsequently analyzed by CCK‐8, Edu staining, Annexin V/PI double staining, wound healing, and Transwell assays to detect cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion, respectively. MRP1, ATP7A, ATP7B, and p53 expression as well as p53 phosphorylation were measured by western blot analysis. S15A mutation of p53 was assessed to examine the potential role of p53 Ser15 phosphorylation in CBP‐resistant OVC. B. longum levels were elevated and positively associated with CBP resistance in OVC patients. Only high concentrations of B. longum‐EVs attenuated A2780 cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion. B. longum‐EVs exposure significantly enhanced the sensitivity of CBP‐resistant A2780 cells to CBP and decreased the expression of drug resistance‐related proteins. The effect of B. longum‐EVs on reversing CBP resistance was completely inhibited by S15A mutation of p53. B. longum‐EVs enhanced the sensitivity of OVC cells to CBP through p53 phosphorylation on Ser15.
Anisotropic Lattice Thermal Conductivity in Highly Ordered PEDOT Fibers
Authors: Floris Paolo Sebastiano , Zahabi Najmeh , Zozoulenko Igor , Rurali Riccardo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWhen it comes to sustainable and efficient energy solutions, organic semiconductors can play an important role in thermoelectric applications, since they are non‐toxic, cheap, made of abundant chemical species, and show intrinsically low thermal conductivities. Their electrical conductivity can be optimized via doping. Yet, thermal conduction should be as low as possible and, to this end, the atomic scale mechanisms behind heat transport –e.g. the correlation between morphology and thermal conductivity or the role of doping– should be understood in detail. Fully atomistic molecular dynamics calculations of the lattice thermal conductivity of doped poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) highly ordered, quasi‐crystalline nanofibers are presented here. It is found that the conductivity along the backbone direction is not necessarily the highest, but it depends on the length of the PEDOT chains, thus the degree of anisotropy depends on the the aspect ratio of the nanofiber. Indeed, transport along the lamellar direction can be of the same order or higher than that of the backbone if their lengths are comparable. These results challenge the usual expectation that thermal conduction along the backbone largely exceeds those along the lamellar and π − π direction and have the important consequence that the anisotropy could be leveraged in thermal management applications.
Molecular Design of Naphthalene‐ and Carbazole‐Based Monomers for Regiospecific Synthesis of Poly(arylenevinylene)s via Co‐Catalyzed Hydroarylation Polyaddition
Authors: Iwamori Ryota , Kuwabara Junpei , Yasuda Takeshi , Kanbara Takaki 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study focuses on the development of regiospecific hydroarylation polyaddition of naphthalene‐ and carbazole‐based monomers with diynes under mild reaction conditions at room temperature. A 1‐pyrazole substituent serves as an appropriate directing group for a Co‐catalyst to efficiently activate the C–H bonds of generally inactive six‐membered aromatic hydrocarbons. The 1‐pyrazole groups in 2,6‐di(1‐pyrazolyl)naphthalene adopt planar conformations and act as directing groups, resulting in a smooth hydroarylation reaction. In contrast, the reaction with 1,5‐di(1‐pyrazolyl)naphthalene do not proceed. The polyaddition reaction of 2,6‐di(1‐pyrazolyl)naphthalene selectively proceeds at 3,7‐positions under mild reaction conditions at 30 °C, and yields corresponding poly(arylenevinylene) (PAV) with high molecular weight. This molecular design is also applicable to the hydroarylation polyaddition of carbazole; the polyaddition reaction of 9‐(2‐ethylhexyl)‐3,6‐di(1‐pyrazolyl)carbazole selectively occurred at 2,7‐positions. The optical and electronic properties of the synthesized compounds are evaluated. The obtained PAVs serve as an emitting material in organic light‐emitting diode (OLED). This study aims to develop a Co‐catalyzed hydroarylation polyaddition via C–H activation of generally inactive polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) under mild conditions.
In Situ Fabrication of Silver Nanoparticle‐Decorated Polymeric Vesicles for Antibacterial Applications
Authors: Zhang Fen , Yao Qian , Niu Yanling , Chen Xiaoqi , Zhou Haijun , Bai Lu , Kong Zejuan , Li Yantao , Cheng Hua 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSilver/polymeric vesicle composite nanoparticles with good antibacterial properties were fabricated in this study. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were prepared in situ on cross‐linked vesicle membranes through the reduction of silver nitrate (AgNO3) using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) via coordination bonding between the Ag+ ions and the nitrogen atoms on the vesicles. X‐ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet‐visible spectroscopy (UV‐vis), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses confirmed the formation of AgNPs on the vesicles. The antibacterial test demonstrated good antibacterial activity against both Gram‐negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) and Gram‐positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) for the produced AgNP‐decorated vesicles. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of the AgNP‐decorated vesicles for E. coli and S. aureus were 8.4 and 9.6 μg/mL, respectively. Cell viability analysis on the A549 cells indicated that the toxicity was low when the AgNP concentrations did not exceed the MIC values, and the wound healing test confirmed the good antibacterial properties of the AgNP‐decorated vesicles.
Tumor microenvironment‐responsive hyaluronic acid‐oxaliplatin nanoparticles enhanced tumor cell elimination
Authors: Chi Runrun , Yang Xiao , Yang Ziwei , Xia Hangbin , Li Huili , Pan Luqi , Hao Jiahui , Yan Dongxue , Si Xiaoqin , Shi Changcan , Sun Jie , Li Wenzhong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOxaliplatin (OXA) is widely utilized in clinical cancer treatment, however its effectiveness is hindered by drug resistance and severe side effects resulting from non‐targeted delivery and lack of response to the tumor environment. In this research, thiol modified OXA and oligo hyaluronic acid (oHA) were used to developed a redox‐responsive OXA‐SS‐oHA nanoparticle delivery system. The nanoparticles could release oxaliplatin prodrug OXA‐SH through the cleavage of disulfide bonds in response of the abundant GSH in the tumor environment. OXA‐SS‐oHA nanoparticles were stable in aqueous solution for 7 days, and in vitro release experiments showed that the cumulative release of OXA in the absence of GSH was 21%, while in the presence of 10 mM concentration of GSH, the cumulative release was 47%. Additionally, OXA‐SS‐oHA demonstrated greater efficacy in inducing cell death in GSH‐positive cells (MKN45) when compared to GSH‐negative cells (L929). This study provides a novel strategy for the construction of GSH‐stimulated responsive targeted drug delivery systems for cancer therapy.
Quality of life in children and adolescents after treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia according to the NOPHO ALL2008 protocol
Authors: Mogensen Nina , Kreicbergs Ulrika , Albertsen Birgitte Klug , Lähteenmäki Päivi M. , Heyman Mats , Harila Arja 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe improved outcome of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) over the last decades has increased the importance of assessing late effects and health‐related quality of life (HRQoL), particularly when evaluating and comparing outcomes in clinical trials. This study aimed to assess HRQoL in children treated for ALL according to the NOPHO ALL2008 protocol.ProcedureChildren, aged 1 to less than 18 years at diagnosis, alive in first remission, and their parents, were asked to complete PedsQL 4.0 Generic Core Scales (self‐ and proxy‐report) at ≥6 months after end of therapy. Data on socioeconomic factors and parent‐reported toxicity were collected through a study‐specific questionnaire, and the NOPHO ALL2008 database was used to identify eligible families and add additional disease‐ and treatment‐related data. HRQoL data were collected during 2013–2019 in Sweden, Finland, and Denmark.ResultsA total of 299 children were included. The older children (8 years and older) reported similar HRQoL scores compared to Finnish reference data, except lower scores for School Functioning in high‐risk patients. Scores from the parent‐proxy and self‐reports from 5–7‐year olds were notably lower than reference. Parent‐reported toxicity was associated with lower total and physical HRQoL scores in adjusted models for younger as well as older children in the self‐report and parent‐proxy versions, and also with lower psychosocial score in the parent‐proxy.ConclusionsSelf‐reported HRQoL was similar to reference population. The most important determinant for HRQoL after end of ALL treatment was parent‐reported toxicity during treatment. Thus, minimizing complications is an obvious focus for future treatment protocols.
Sustainable characterization of brake pads using raw/silane‐treated Mimosa pudica fibers for automobile applications
Authors: Raghunathan Vijay , Gnanasekaran Sathyamoorthy , Ayyappan Vinod , Devanathan Lenin Singaravelu , Mavinkere Rangappa Sanjay , Sienghcin Suchart 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe demand for bio‐fiber composites has increased globally due to the environmental impact of non‐sustainable materials. In this context, Natural fibers are becoming increasingly popular in various applications due to their sustainability. This study explores silane‐treated Mimosa pudica (MP) fibers obtained from the relevant plant that were treated with silane and utilized to strengthen composites used in brake friction development. Five different formulations for brake friction composites were developed using silane‐treated and untreated MP fibers combined with inert filler synthetic barites and maintaining other ingredients in constant amounts. The brake pads were then evaluated for physical, chemical, mechanical, and thermal properties, and their tribological performance was assessed using the chase test, following SAE J661‐2021. The test results revealed that the silane‐treated fibers had a higher cellulose content of 57.2%, while the untreated fibers had a cellulose content of 48.7%. The Rockwell hardness‐K scale value was higher for brake pads made with 5 wt% silane‐treated fibers, with a value of 95. The wear loss was lower for brake pads made with 10 wt% silane‐treated MP fibers‐based brake pads than other composites. Scanning Electron Microscope analyzed the worn surface features of the brake pads used in the Chase test.Highlights
Mimosa pudica fibers were utilized as reinforcement in brake pads
Silane‐treated Mimosa pudica fibers showed higher cellulose content and improved thermal stability
Silane‐treated Mimosa pudica fibers‐based brake pads showed optimal μ and lower wear rate.
Hybridization of Honeybee and Frog Peptides: Antimicrobial Peptides Composed of Apidaecins and Temporins With Enhanced Activity and Production of Their Electrospun Nanofibers
Authors: Gül Serap , Kara Şeyda , Talhi Hanene , Bahar Ali Adem , Kalfa Orhan Murat , Akcan Muharrem 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTThe increased usage and misuse of antibiotics cause antimicrobial resistance, which makes it necessary to develop new antibiotic agents. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) could be a significant solution to addressing this issue. Antimicrobial temporin 1Ta and temporin 1Tb peptides, derived from frog skin secretions, exhibit notable activity against Gram (+) bacteria; on the other hand, apidaecin 1b peptide, obtained from honeybees, is effective against Gram (−) bacteria. In this study, hybrid AMPs were synthesized by merging temporin 1Ta and temporin 1Tb with apidaecin 1b to produce peptides that are active against a broad spectrum of microorganisms. Furthermore, the hybrid peptides were mixed with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymer to produce bioactive nanofibers by electrospinning. The synthesized peptides and the nanofibers were tested on various Gram (+) and Gram (−) bacteria (E. coli ATCC 25922, P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853, S. aureus ATCC 29213, and E. faecalis ATCC 29212). As a result, the hybrid peptides were found to have a reasonable antibacterial effect on both bacterial groups. In addition, peptide‐containing nanofibers preserved the antibacterial activity as well. The hemolytic activities of the peptides were also examined, and it was found that the hybrid peptides were not lethal to red blood cells at a concentration of 16 μM.
Licht‐Blicke
Authors: Brönnimann Stefan 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungSeit 100 Jahren wird die atmosphärische Ozonmenge kontinuierlich mit photospektrometrischen Methoden gemessen. Zunächst stand dabei der mögliche Nutzen für die Wettervorhersage im Vordergrund. Aber bald zeigte sich, dass anhand von Ozon weitreichende Erkenntnisse über die Struktur der Stratosphäre und deren Zirkulation gewonnen werden können. Daher wurde weiterhin gemessen und 1957–1958 ein globales Netz aufgebaut. In den 1970er‐ und 1980er‐Jahren wurde Ozon zum Zentrum verschiedener Umweltprobleme: Sommersmog, Ozonloch, Treibhauseffekt. Ozonmessreihen erhielten dadurch eine neue Bedeutung. Dank der Arbeiten von Gordon Dobson und anderen liegt heute ein einzigartiger, langjähriger Datensatz vor. Er erlaubt, die erwartete Erholung der Ozonschicht festzustellen und in den langjährigen Kontext einzuordnen.
Registration of indeterminate and photoperiod‐insensitive IIPG‐7 and IIPG‐11 pigeonpea germplasm
Authors: Viteri Diego M. , Linares‐Ramírez Angela M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Mill.] breeding lines (BL) IIPG‐7 (Reg. no. GP‐326, PI 704909) and IIPG‐11 (Reg. no. GP‐327, PI 704910) were developed at the University of Puerto Rico. Both BL were bred to have indeterminate flowering habit and photoperiod insensitivity. The agronomic performance of IIPG‐7, IIPG‐11, and checks was tested during different growing seasons in Isabela and Lajas, Puerto Rico. IIPG‐7 and IIPG‐11 were early maturing and initiated flowering at 73–84 days after planting (DAP), reaching harvest maturity at 121–127 DAP. This was in comparison to indeterminate cultivars ‘Ariel’, ‘Blanco Yauco’, ‘Kaki’, ‘Pinto Berrocales’, and ‘Super Pinto’, which initiated flowering at 91–102 DAP, reaching maturity at 138–148 DAP in short‐day conditions that occurred in October in both locations. These cultivars had seed yield values of over 1000 kg ha−1, whereas IIPG‐7 and IIPG‐11 produced 721–1010 kg ha−1. In contrast, IIPG‐7 and IIPG‐11 were the only indeterminate genotypes that initiated flowering at 42–88 DAP and reached maturity at 88–172 DAP under long‐day conditions (February, March, and May) in both locations. Seed yields of IIPG‐7 and IIPG‐11 varied from 626 to 2449 kg ha−1 in Isabela and were close to 2000 kg ha−1 in Lajas. IIPG‐7 has tan seed with reddish spots; IIPG‐11 has reddish seed with an average weight of 14 and 15 g per 100 seeds, respectively. The IIPG‐7 and IIPG‐11 BL can be used directly by growers or breeders to develop pigeonpea cultivars that can be planted year‐round.