bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Placental Pathology in Neonatal Stroke
Authors: Elbers Jorina , Viero Sandra , MacGregor Daune , deVeber Gabrielle , Moore Aideen M. 
Published: February 2011

OBJECTIVE:
Neonatal stroke is increasingly recognized, and risk factors have been identified. The placenta has been implicated as a potential contributor to neonatal stroke; however, pathology has not been previously described. This case series systematically evaluates prenatal, maternal, and neonatal risk factors and describes placental pathology in 12 cases of neonatal stroke.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
We reviewed the Canadian Pediatric Ischemic Stroke Registry from 1992 to 2006, which consists of 186 neonatal stroke patients. Twelve patients with symptomatic cerebral arterial ischemic stroke or sinovenous thrombosis had their placenta available for pathologic examination. Clinical presentation; maternal, prenatal, and neonatal risk factors for stroke; and patient outcome were collected retrospectively from patient charts. Gross and microscopic placental pathology was described and classified into 4 pathologic categories.

RESULTS:
Of 12 patients studied, 10 patients were male, 5 patients had arterial ischemic stroke, and 7 patients had sinovenous thrombosis. Maternal risk factors were identified in 5 cases, prenatal risk factors in 10 cases, and neonatal risk factors in 10 cases. Placental lesions were present in 10 cases and were classified as thromboinflammatory process in 6 cases, sudden catastrophic event in 5 cases, decreased placental reserve in 3 cases, and stressful intrauterine environment in 2 cases.

CONCLUSIONS:
This study reviews detailed placental pathology in a selected cohort of patients presenting near the time of delivery and correlates this with clinical presentation, outcome, and risk factors for neonatal stroke. Our results suggest that multiple risk factors are involved in neonatal stroke, and placental pathology may be a contributing factor. The implications of specific placental lesions remain to be determined with larger, case-controlled studies.
Outcomes of Patients with Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated in a Phase I Clinic
Authors: Janku Filip , Tsimberidou Apostolia M. , Wang Xuemei , Hong David S. , Naing Aung , Gong Jing , Garrido-Laguna Ignacio , Parsons Henrique A. , Zinner Ralph G. , Kurzrock Razelle 
Published: February 2011

Abstract

Background.
The outcomes of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated in phase I clinical trials have not been systematically analyzed.

Methods.
We reviewed the records of consecutive patients with advanced/metastatic NSCLC who were treated in the Phase I Clinical Trials Program at MD Anderson from August 2004 to May 2009.

Results.
Eighty-five patients (51 men, 34 women) treated on various phase I protocols were identified. The median age was 62 years (range, 30–85). The median number of previous systemic therapies was two (range, 0–5). A partial response was observed in eight patients (9.5%) and stable disease lasting &gt;4 months was observed in 16 patients (19%). The median overall survival time was 10.6 months and median progression-free survival (PFS) time was 2.8 months, which was 0.6 months shorter than the median PFS of 3.4 months following prior second-line therapy. Factors predicting longer survival in the univariate analysis were an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (PS) score of 0–1, no prior smoking, two or fewer organ systems involved, a hemoglobin level ≥12 g/dL, liver metastases, a history of thromboembolism, and a platelets count &gt; 440 × 109/L. In the multivariate analysis, a PS score of 0–1 and history negative for smoking predicted longer survival. Sixty-two (73%) patients had grade ≤2 toxicity, and there were no treatment-related deaths.

Conclusion.
Phase I clinical trials were well tolerated by selected patients with advanced NSCLC treated at M.D. Anderson. Nonsmokers and patients with a good PS survived longer. PFS in our population was shorter in smokers/ex-smokers and patients with a PS score of 2. It is reasonable to refer pretreated patients with a good PS to phase I clinical trials.
Gingival Crevicular Fluid Osteocalcin, N‐Terminal Telopeptides, and Calprotectin Levels in Cyclosporin A–Induced Gingival Overgrowth
Authors: Becerik Sema , Gürkan Ali , Afacan Beral , Özgen Öztürk Veli , Atmaca Harika , Töz Hüseyin , Atilla Gül , Emingil Gülnur 
Published: February 2011

Background: The aim of this cross‐sectional study is to investigate gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) osteocalcin, cross‐linked N‐terminal telopeptide (NTx), and calprotectin levels in cyclosporin A (CsA)–induced gingival overgrowth (GO).Methods: Forty medicated patients with CsA including 20 with GO (CsA GO+), 10 without GO (CsA GO−), 10 with GO and chronic periodontitis (CsA CP) and 60 patients with CP alone, 20 patients with gingivitis, and 20 healthy patients were enrolled. Probing depth, clinical attachment level, plaque index, and papillary bleeding index were recorded. GCF calprotectin, osteocalcin, and NTx levels were analyzed by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Parametric tests were used for statistical analysis.Results: The CsA GO+ and CP groups had significantly lower GCF osteocalcin levels and osteocalcin/NTx ratio than the healthy group, whereas GCF osteocalcin levels and osteocalcin/NTx ratio in the gingivitis group were higher than the CsA GO+, CsA GO−, CsA CP, and CP groups (P <0.05). The CP group had elevated GCF calprotectin levels compared to the other study groups (P <0.05). The CsA GO+ and CsA GO− groups also had higher GCF calprotectin levels compared to the CsA CP, gingivitis, and healthy groups (P <0.05).Conclusions: Increased GCF calprotectin and decreased GCF osteocalcin levels in the CsA GO+ and CsA GO− groups might suggest that CsA plays a role on the levels of these markers. The similarity of GCF osteocalcin, NTx, and calprotectin levels in the CsA GO+ and CsA GO− groups might suggest that these molecules are not involved in the pathogenesis of GO.
Using an Artificial-Neural-Network Method To Predict Carbonate Well Log Facies Successfully
Authors: Tang Hong , Toomey Niall , Meddaugh W. Scott 
Published: February 2011

Summary
The Maastrichtian (Upper Cretaceous) reservoir is one of five prolific oil reservoirs in the giant Wafra oil field. The Maastrichtian oil production is largely from subtidal dolomites at an average depth of 2,500 ft. Carbonate deposition occurred on a very gently dipping, shallow, arid, and restricted ramp setting that transitioned between normal marine conditions to restricted lagoonal environments. The average porosity of the reservoir interval is approximately 15%, although productive zones have porosity values up to 30–40%. The average permeability of the reservoir interval is approximately 30 md. Individual core plugs have measured permeability up to 1,200 md.
Efforts to predict sedimentary facies from well logs in carbonate reservoirs is difficult because of the complex carbonate sedimentary facies structures, strong diagenetic overprint, and challenging log analysis in part owing to the presence of vugs and fractures. In the study, a workflow including (1) core description preprocessing, (2) log- and core-data cleanup, and (3) probabilistic-neural-network (PNN) facies analysis was used to predict facies from log data accurately. After evaluation of a variety of statistical approaches, a PNN-based approach was used to predict facies from well-log data. The PNN was selected as a tool because it has the capability to delineate complex nonlinear relationships between facies and log data. The PNN method was shown to outperform multivariate statistical algorithms and, in this study, gave good prediction accuracy (above 70%). The prediction uncertainty was quantified by two probabilistic logs—discriminant ability and overall confidence. These probabilistic logs can be used to evaluate the prediction uncertainty during interpretation. Lithofacies were predicted for 15 key wells in the Wafra Maastrichtian reservoir and were effectively used to extend the understanding of the Maastrichtian stratigraphy, depositional setting, and facies distribution.
Environmental Risk Assessment of Discharges from Onshore Facilities to Coastal Environments
Authors: Rye Henrik , Reed Mark , Durgut Ismail , Arzlanoglu Yilmaz , Brørs Bård , Ditlevsen May Kristin , Smit Mathijs G. , Frost Tone K. 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
Environmental management of discharges to the marine environment can be based on an assessment of the environmental risks of these discharges. For offshore discharges from the oil and gas industry like produced water risk-based management tools have been developed earlier. For coastal regions, however, modeling the fate and transport of discharged components is much more complicated compared to offshore waters. In addition, the limited mixing near shore causes a need to evaluate risks associated with other stressors like temperature change and potential oxygen depletion. The Environmental Impact Factor (EIF) for coastal discharges was developed especially to evaluate environmental risks in near shore areas and addresses special characteristics of these areas. The risk approach is based on a comparison of the Predicted Environmental Concentration (PEC) and the Predicted No Effect Concentration (PNEC). Toxicity risks as well as risks from temperature increase, oxygen depletion and suspended particles are included in the tool. The EIF is calculated for both that water column and the seafloor representing the volume or area of the recipient where PEC exceeds PNEC. The main elements causing the risk are presented in a pie chart which facilitates the definition of risk mitigating measures. The methodology has been tested on a fictive discharge from a petrochemical plant (Mongstad) located on the Norwegian coast. This case study showed that the EIF tool can be used to assess the overall environmental risk in near shore areas and to identify the main risk contributors in the discharge.
Drilling Towards HSE Excellence
Authors: Smith D.. , Kennedy R.. 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
From a HSE perspective few E&P operations present a more complex risk management challenge than a typical offshore, exploration drilling operation.
Managing the HSE interfaces between a large number of contractors, each of which brings its own portfolio of hazards and risk management barriers, is difficult at any time. Against the background of a confined working environmental typical of mobile offshore drilling units (MODUs) and the limited duration of many drilling operations, the challenge is further enhanced.
The ability of the MODU to be brought onto station and to maintain station throughout the drilling period presents its own series of challenges. Transit planning, towing, stability, jacking operations, structural strength, foundation, moorings and DP analyses; over the past decade failures in each of these areas have led to significant incidents in which people, the environment or assets have been impacted.
Below the rotary table certain aspects of HSE risk management are handed over to specialists who understand how to interpret the uncertainty in an organisation's understanding of the subsurface geology and the nature of the hydrocarbon bearing zones (should they exist). They will design the well and the operator will normally select the contractors, equipment and systems required to deliver it. All these elements will be expected to come together during the drilling operation in an effective, efficient and HSE compliant manner.
For certain drilling activities, additional hazards such as deepwater, harsh environments, HPHT wells and the potential for sour gas, further complicate the problem.
Identifying and managing in a consistent manner this complex portfolio of risk can be a major challenge for any organisation.
This paper considers what are viewed within Eni UK as some of the key HSE challenges associated with a typical offshore, exploration drilling operation and discusses how they may be addressed.
International Travel - High Risk Activity for Oil & Gas Employees
Authors: Gomez Guillermo , Irons Gregor , Mortara Simone , Uberti Filippo 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
Travel medicine aims at assessing the potential risks deriving from travel and operations in remote locations with different environments and public health conditions.
Eni E&P has a complex operating environment that includes 1,093 expatriates (478 family members), 12,303 locals (family:15000), 43,450 Air tickets per year to overseas destinations, 972 workers in working missions in 36 Business Units in 25 countries. This operational environment is often characterized by: Remote locations; Health and social underdevelopment in some countries; Lack of medical legislation and procedures in some countries; Socio-political implications & Lack of security
There are factors that can affect overall risk including: Duration of the trip, Individual factors, Housing, Eating and Drinking, Work and recreational activities, Contact with animals, Sexual contacts, and the epidemic diseases that include as happened in April and May 2009, the pandemic risk.
Taking all factors that can affect hazard exposure into consideration, appear the question about what we can do for our travellers?. Taking the tools available for risk mitigation and in consideration with the operating areas where our travellers work, Eni E&P - SMES have developed an effective and consistent approach:
Health Risk Assessments, Fitness to Work, Personal Meeting, Brochures, Vaccinations, Anti Malarial Prophylaxis, Country Guides, Health Resources, Health Community, Human Resources – International mobility, International References and epidemiological monitoring, Special Kits (Malaria and Influenza A), Medical Support, International Evacuation & Insurance, Behavioural information.
International References and epidemiological monitoring are important tools to verify the changes in the risk related with the transmission diseases. During the period of pandemic or epidemic situations, the information to all the travellers and business units, the elaboration of contingency plans, and the measures in place all in accordance with the international and national health organizations, allow to be prepared in the moment of the confront with the risk.
The Travel medicine program aims to prevent ill health and promote the workers’ health and well-being while abroad, and are part of a wider activity aiming to steer business units and subsidiaries in the implementation of an occupational health and medical support program.
Assessing the Quality of Oil and Gas Project Environmental Impact Statements (EIS) – A Preface
Authors: Anifowose Babatunde , Lawler Damian , Horst Dan van , Chapman Lee 
Published: February 2011

AbstractEnvironmental Impact Assessment (ElA) is designed to anticipate and mitigate project impacts starting from the front-end engineering design stage to decommissioning. To further our understanding of the gaps between EIA predictions and the actual impacts of oil and gas projects, it may be plausible to independently review the quality of projects' EISs. There is currently no published academic literature on the role of EIS quality as a precursor to socio-environmental consequences of oil and gas exploration, production and transportation. The only known study of EIS quality in the oil industry was commissioned by UK Department for Business, Enterprise and Regulatory Reform (BERR).This paper examines the quality of nineteen sampled EISs using the Lee and Colley model. The model was adapted based on local and international best practices, peculiarity of oil and gas projects and learning from past research. The European Commission checklist on EIA-EIS quality (2001) and World Bank EA Sourcebook (Energy & Industry) (1999) were also consulted. Lee and Colley model was modified by adding a new review area on decommissioning/abandonment.Preliminary findings reveal a marginal but not significant improvement in the quality of sampled EISs. The analysis suggests 53% of the sampled EISs were of satisfactory quality. The main weakness common to about 80% of sampled EIS include decommissioning, impact evaluation and impact prediction. There is the problem of environmental stasis which has resulted in impacts not being predicted as deviation from baseline condition. Key areas of strength include descriptive and presentational tasks.Independent review of oil and gas project EISs is imperative given the recent Gulf of Mexico Macondo oilfield deepwater disaster. Preliminary investigations into this disaster suggest the drilling operation was exempted from detailed EIS. Independent quality review of EISs could help restore public confidence in the oil industry.
An Integrated Approach to Improved Process Safety Management
Authors: Bennett Rachel 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
This paper describes an innovative approach to improving safety management in major hazard industries. It sets out how technical risk management can be integrated with people centered methods to support Oil & Gas businesses in improving Safety Performance. It considers the practical application of this safety improvement approach in the Oil and Gas Industry.
The ability to assess, understand and effectively manage both technical risk controls, people, systems and the characteristics of their safety culture in a ‘joined up’ integrated fashion, supports businesses in implementing effective and efficient safety improvement interventions. This includes asset integrity, layers of protection, technical controls, management systems, critical procedures, leadership, attitudes and behaviours – all of which have been seen as contributory factors to major accident hazards.
Environmental Sensitivity In An Insensitive Environment
Authors: Mahmood Madiha , Khan Nasir Zaman 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
This paper shares an overview of how OMV was able to achieve environmental excellence in Pakistan in a remote, rural, socio-economically deprived environment.
OMV Pakistan operates in a challenging environment in the Sukkur and Khairpur districts of the province of Sindh. Major issues facing the country in general and Sindh in particular are poverty, low education levels and lack of adequate infrastructure. As is often the case with developing countries, the provision of basic social needs takes precedence over environmental considerations.
This paper describes how despite these challenges, OMV Pakistan established a worldclass environment management system at its sites in stark contrast to the external factors and the conditions just outside its perimeter.
From Basic Regulatory Compliance ESIA to Full Project Sustainability
Authors: Kirk P. W. , Quijano A. P. , Quintana M.. , Ortuño C.. 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
Whilst it is widely acknowledged that oil and gas development projects can have impacts on the environment and communities, the significance of those impacts can be substantially reduced and positive benefits to the community enhanced, if appropriate actions are taken at the right time. Identifying and understanding these impacts is a fundamental role of ESIA, which is a requirement of international funding agencies and many local regulatory agencies.
Actions for both Operators and Consultants that become sustainability enhancing practices include: Fully Understand the Limitations Imposed by Sensitivities in the Project Area at an Early Stage - by conducting a baseline prior to FEED;Simple presentation of information - use of GIS as an interactive tool within the project decision process;Key Project Staff Endorsement - during FEED phase work closely with the Engineers to define which mitigation measures are practical and feasible. A workshop to discuss this at the mitigation definition stage with the FEED Engineers is key;Identify Initiatives - Through the entire process identify initiatives that could enhance environmental and social performance. During the baseline, identify key community's needs and potential synergies to achieve social benefits, economic feasibility, and the enhancement of company reputation;Enforcement - Clear definition of responsibilities in the ESMP allows the operator to define at an early stage the requirements related to EPC activities, and include these as contractual obligations.
Implementing these key actions while developing the ESIA will enhance the integration of environmental, social, and economic aspects. A successful example in which CH2MHILL and a worldwide O&G leading company have followed the steps outlined above with outstanding results will be presented.
With a commitment to sustainable solutions from Operators and good guidance from advisers, an ESIA and associated action plan can be developed which materially enhances project sustainability.
HSEQ Development in OMV Petrom
Authors: Banghea Bogdan 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
This paper focuses on the process of creating a sustainable HSE performance within a Field Cluster in an oil and gas producing company which has gone through a stage of transition from a state company to a private company alining itself to the others oil and gas producers in Europe. It was necessary to understand how a company could create a HSE culture where health, safety and environment are integrated in the business and how the company could go from an old system, based on a reactive method of working to a proactive system based on a sustainable HSE management. Since December 2004, this Field Cluster is committed to transforming everything related to business, process, employees and management into a whole that is based on the fact that the HSE is integrated in the business
Results obtained in the improvement of HSE performance that are presented in this paper show the direction taken by HSE in the Field Cluster which led, besides a Safety Leadership and a moral imperative that everyone must return home safely from work, also to the fact that these two generate business development and material savings as well as changing stakeholders’ perception of the Field Cluster from an incident generator to a partner in work and community development.