bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IJCM_364A: A Cross Sectional Study on Sickle Cell Disease awareness among adolescents in a tribal district of Maharashtra, India
Authors: Suryawanshi Sampat Nagnath , Anjana I , Uplap Pallavi 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) poses a substantial health concern in India, especially among tribal populations. The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare’s Tribal Health Expert Committee has identified SCD as one of the top 10 challenges in tribal health. This study aims to assess the knowledge gap about SCD among school-going adolescents in a tribal district of Maharashtra.

Objective:
1. To assess awareness of sickle cell anaemia among adolescents aged 12-18 years in a tribal district of Maharashtra 2. To provide recommendations based on study findings.

Methodology:
A cross-sectional study was conducted in a tribal district of Maharashtra, involving 394 school-going adolescents. Participant’s knowledge of sickle cell anaemia was assessed through face-to-face interview after obtaining necessary permissions from concerned authorities and assent from the participants. Data collection included information on general awareness, understanding of disease transmission, familiarity with sickle cell crisis, and preventive measures, with strict maintenance of data confidentiality.

Results:
Out of the 394 participants surveyed, 212 (53.8%) were females, and 182 (46.2%) were males. Only 19 students (5%) demonstrated awareness of SCD, with 16 (7.5%) females and 3 (1.6%) males out of the total. Surprisingly, none (0%) had knowledge of its transmission or had undergone screening for SCD. Within the aware subset, only 3 (15%) recognized Sickle Cell Crises, and a lone respondent (5%) was aware of its preventive measures.

Conclusion:
The study highlights a notable lack of sickle cell disease awareness among school-going adolescents in Maharashtra’s tribal district, posing a potential public health challenge. Urgent, tailored interventions are essential to sensitize the future generation, aligning with SDG 3, which aims for improved health and well -being through enhanced understanding and awareness.
IJCM_366A: Role of lifestyle factors in migraine among adolescent students of a senior secondary school in east Sikkim
Authors: Acharya Vivek , Bhutia Dechenla T 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Migraine can be a debilitating condition. It can manifest as severe throbbing pain, often with nausea, light and sound sensitivity. It can negatively impact school performance and quality of life.

Objective:
1. To assess the prevalence of migraine in adolescent students. 2. To check the relation of stress and anxiety as triggers in migraine

Methodology:
A cross-sectional-study was conducted in a senior secondary school among 200 adolescent students (Class X, XI, XII) via anonymous self-administered questionnaire method. Headache-Attributed Restriction, Disability, Social Handicap and Impaired Participation (HARDSHIP) Questionnaire developed by World Health Organization and Headache Triggers Sensitivity and Avoidance Questionnaire-Short Form(HTSAQ-SF) was used.

Conclusion:
Awareness about stress and anxiety as a trigger for migraine must be emphasized. Measures to manage stress and anxiety may help students manage migraine headache better

Results:
The prevalence of migraine was 26% among the adolescent students. Among them, anxiety was found to be a trigger for migraine in 58%(p=0.000) (Trigger frequency: Sometimes-31%, Usually-8%, Always-19%). Stress was found to be a trigger in all of them with migraine(p=0.000) (Trigger Frequency- Sometimes-50%, Usually- 15%, Always - 35%).
IJCM_367A: Mapping the Terrain of Learning: A Study on the Association between Self- Directed Learning Readiness and Learning Environment Dynamics among Students studying in a Public Health Institute in Kolkata
Authors: Ghosh Soumik , Paul Bobby , Bandyopadhyay Lina , Sahu Monalisha , Bhattacharyya Madhumita , Basu Rivu 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Self-directed learning (SDL) is the process in which individuals take the initiative and learning environment involves all other aspects of the institute. Good SDL ability is the foundation of lifelong learning. Students’ perception of the educational environment plays a subtle role in learning and contributes to learning input and students’ achievement. Self- directed learning is integral to public health teaching

Objectives:
To assess the perceptions of learning environment and self- directed learning readiness and the association between the two among public health students

Methodology:
A cross-sectional study was conducted from July to December 2023 in a public health institute in Kolkata. A total of 102 participants across five courses were selected by Census method and their self-directed learning readiness (SDLRS) and perceptions of learning environment were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. The collected data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS, version 16. Ethical approval was taken from Institutional Ethics Committee of AIIH&PH, Kolkata.

Results:
The mean age of the study participants was 26.7 years and 64.7% of the study participants were from MBBS background. The median academic hours was 18 hours per week and around 37.3% of the participants were studying in the institute for less than 6 months and 20.6% for more than 24 months. There was significant positive correlation between SDLRS and Learning Environment (Spearman’s rho=0.281, p=0.004). SDLRS and perceptions of Learning environment improved with increase in duration of studying. Age(p=0.015) and prior academic qualification(p=0.016) were significantly associated with SDLRS.

Conclusion:
SDLRS is associated with positive Learning Environment. SDL ability can be improved by changing the learning environment to include new student-centered teaching methods. The duration of studying in the institute is also an important driver to inculcate self directed learning ability among the participants.
IJCM_377A: Socio-demographic and clinical profile of Lip, Oral cavity and Pharyngeal cancer in an urban cancer centre in Coimbatore
Authors: Sujatha K 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Cancer ranks as a leading cause of death and a major barrier to increasing life expectancy in every country of the world. The incidence and demographic data of cancer are important for cancer prevention. Lip, oral cavity, and pharyngeal cancers (LOCP) has multiple risk factors and a varied geographic distribution.

Objectives:
This study aims to describe and compare the epidemiological and clinical profile of LOCP cancers.

Methodology:

Results:
A total of 441 LOCP cases were recorded, of which most cases belonged to the age group of 51-70 years and male gender. The most common subtype among LOCP cancers is mouth (27%), followed by the tongue (25%). Histo-pathologically, squamous cell carcinoma is the most common type contributing to 425 (96.5%) of cases. Nearly 267 patients (60.1%) were smokers, and 206 patients (46.7%) used alcohol whereas 266 patients (60.3%) used Smokeless tobacco products. Majority of the patients underwent a combination therapy of surgery and radiotherapy (69.6%).

Conclusion:
The increased incidence of LOCP cancer and its subtypes associated with smoking and tobacco points to the pivotal role of these risk factors in the pathogenesis of LOCP cancers. Hence better awareness and stringent measures are the need of the hour to decrease the ongoing burden of these cancer types.
IJCM_378A: Introduction of Elective modules Block 2 in undergraduate new Competency based Medical Education (CBME) Curriculum: Perception of students
Authors: Sharma Mini , Verma Nirmal , Das Durga 
Published: April 2024

Background:
The new competency based medical education curriculum (CBME) introduced 2 months electives (2 blocks of 4 weeks) in the curriculum for undergraduates medical students during their study periods (at the completion of phase 3 part 1). Elective is an optional course, generally of short duration, where students can opt ‘electives’ as per their topic of interest, career preference and availability at institutes. During electives students get an opportunity to differentiate during medical training, experience applicative use of knowledge and develop applied skills under the supervision and guidance of preceptors.

Objective:
To assess the Students perception regarding Elective modules (Block-2) necessity and benefit.

Methodology:
This was a cross sectional study conducted in Department of Community Medicine, Pt JNM Medical college, Raipur and Associated tertiary care hospital Dr. BRAM hospital. Raipur, Chhattisgarh in which 181 undergraduates medical students were interviewed through online mode using google form and was circulated to all via WhatsApp group.

Results:
Total 181 study subjects were participated in which 56.4% male and 43.6% female. Sixty-eight percent study subjects agreed that elective posting increases their knowledge and skill. Most of the students 66(36.5%) perceived elective posting very good

Conclusion:
This study concluded that students had very good overall experience of elective posting which proved to be helpful in improving their knowledge, clinical skills and enhanced their learning opportunities.
IJCM_39A: To compare the World Health Organization growth charts with Indian Academy of Pediatrics growth charts of under-five children attending urban health center of a Medical College
Authors: Muntazeem Muhammed G , Kumar Aswin 
Published: April 2024

Background:
The nutritional status of the child can be measured by using anthropometry which is the valuable tool and the gold standard method. The magnitude of different measures of nutritional status is affected by choice of reference charts used.

Objective:
To compare the world Health Organization growth charts with Indian academy of pediatrics growth charts to assess the malnutrition among under 5 children attending Urban health center of a medical College.

Methodology:
A cross sectional study was conducted among 220 children attended urban health centre of SS. Institute of Medical Sciences for a period of 4 months. Height and weight were measured and plotted on World Health Organization and Indian Academy of Pediatrics charts.

Results:
In this study underweight was detected among 46.9% of the boys and 43.8% of the girls and stunting was detected among 50.4% of the boys and 43.8% of the girls by using World Health Organization Growth Charts. According to Indian academy of Pediatrics, 32.1% of the boys and 38% of the girls were found to be undernourished and Stunting was detected among 53.9% of the boys and 68.8% of the girls.

Conclusion:
In this study both the growth charts showed variation in the height and weight measurements.
IJCM_408A: Knowledge and perception of female feticide among medical students
Authors: Darshan B B , Pahuja Mayank , Harshwardhan  , Jaiswal Sukriti , Shukla Tanya 
Published: April 2024

Background:
The preference for male children over female children has resulted in a declining sex ratio. We need to tackle and treat the mindset of people who don’t value the existence of females and consider them a burden.

Objectives:
To study the knowledge and perceptions related to female feticide among medical students of Mangalore.

Methodology:
A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was carried out among third and fourth year MBBS students of Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore. A sample size of 300 was calculated and they were selected into the study using Convenient Sampling. Data were entered and analyzed by using SPSS version 29.

Results:
Around 94.6 % of the participants were aware of the correct meaning of the term “Female feticide”. Almost, 94.3 % of the participants had an awareness about the practice of female feticide being prevalent in India. Nearly 74% of participants received information about female feticide from multiple media sources and 51.1 % from Newspapers.

Conclusion:
The study shows medical students have the optimum level of awareness about the factors of female feticide. They favoured that the decline in sex ratio is the main impact of female feticide.
IJCM_409A: Prevalence And Pattern of Self-Medication With Antibiotics: A Community- Based Cross-Sectional Study From South-East Delhi
Authors: Jabeen Roshan , Shaikh Aqsa , Gautam Richa , Nabi Nusrat 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Antibiotics are commonly self-medicated drugs worldwide, with over 50% purchased and used without a prescription. Antibiotic resistance has emerged as a global public health concern. Although many studies have been conducted worldwide to study the prevalence and pattern of self-medication with antibiotics and associated socio-demographic factors (SMA), very few have been conducted in India, and no such studies have been conducted in Delhi in community setup, especially in post-pandemic setup.

Objective:
1. To estimate the prevalence and pattern of self-medication with antibiotics among the adults residing in the field practice areas of a medical college in South-East Delhi. 2. To determine the socio-demographic factors and their association with self-medication with antibiotics among the study subjects.

Methodology:
A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in South-East Delhi. The sample size was calculated as 200 considering an absolute error of 5% at a 95% level of significance. Simple random sampling was done to select households by using a Random number generator. The total sample size of 200 was distributed proportionately between the UHTC and RHTC, according to Probability Proportional to Size (PPS). One individual from each selected household of age = 18 years who has used antibiotics in the past 3 months and met the eligibility criteria was included in the study. A self-designed, pre-tested, validated, structured questionnaire was used to collect the data.

Results:
71(35%) out of 200 of the participants practiced SMA. Nearly 42% of them lived in urban areas. 30% had an education level of high school and above. The Chi-square test revealed that the participant’s level of education was significantly associated with SMA. The frequency of SMA ranges from one to a maximum of five times in the past 3 months. 69% of the respondents administered antibiotics twice in the past 3 months. The indications for SMA were fever (34%), followed by cold and flu (23%) and UTI (14%). Most of the participants who practiced SMA obtained antibiotics from the pharmacy (75%) followed by leftovers from previous treatment (17%).

Conclusion:
The study revealed that more than one-third of the respondents practiced SMA. The findings from the present study indicate the necessity of activating antimicrobial stewardship programs throughout the country, as well as implementing effective legislation to prohibit dispensing antibiotics without prescription.
IJCM_411A: Motivational factors associated with the choosing medicine as a profession among first year students
Authors: Chawla Surbhi , Mithra Prasanna , Rekha T , Kumar Nithin , Holla Ramesh , Dhawan Neha , Gomes Samantha , Taneja Nikhil , Mohan Ayushi 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Students enter the medical study with internally generated motives like genuine interest (intrinsic motivation) and/or externally generated motives like parental pressure or desire for status or prestige. Due to limited information available on the motivational factors to take up medicine among Indian students, this study was carried out to determine motivations of first-year medical students’ towards a medical career.

Methodology:
This cross-sectional study was carried out among all 250 first year medical students of Kasturba Medical College (Manipal University), Mangalore in February 2015. Data collection was done using a pre-tested semi structured questionnaire, consisting of 16 questions about demographic and academic characteristics; motivational factors to study medicine; and the role of career guidance in choice of study Data were analysed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 11.5.

Results:
Of 250 students, 246 (98.4%) submitted completed questionnaires. The majority of the students (72%) were self-motivated for choosing medicine as a career; 64.2% chose medicine because it is a humane and noble profession; 50.4% for respect and prestige it provides; 36.6% were inspired by the family; 27.2% because of the non-requirement to study Mathematics and Physics and 14.6% for financial security. Also, 16.3% students had parents in the medical profession; Fifty-seven students (55%) got admission after > or = 2 attempts; 46% decided on a medical career before class ten. Overall, 13% had sought career counselling. More than half of the students had accurate knowledge about the curriculum, course duration, examinations, and post graduate training.

Conclusion:
Nobility of the profession, prestige, and inspiration from family members were the predominant motivating factors. Determining the reasons for choosing medicine has important implications for the selection and training of students as well as for their future job satisfaction.
IJCM_415A: “Swipe, Match, Risk: A study about Dating applications amongst the youth of a metropolitan city.
Authors: Bishnoi Deepika , Qureshi Kamran , Miranda Roshni 
Published: April 2024

Background:
One of the primary goals of young adulthood is to establish a committed romantic relationship. During the last decade, the Internet has become an important platform to initiate contact with potential romantic or sexual partners. The Statista Market Forecast estimated that by the end of 2019, there were more than 200 million active users of dating apps worldwide. The current study is an attempt to understand the usage of the dating apps among young adults, the target users of these apps.

Objective:
1. To estimate the prevalence of use of internet-based dating applications in the youth. 2. To study the pattern of social and sexual encounters through these apps. 3. To understand the reasons for the usage of the apps.

Methodology:
A cross-sectional study was done amongst 18-25 years college students from a metropolitan city of India. Minimum sample size required for the study was 1012. Ethical approval was obtained from local ethics committee & data was collected via a Google form amongst students from colleges in particular area of city.

Results:
1641 respondents participated in the study. Majority of the participants were females, belonging to the age group of 18-21 years. Dating applications were used by 208 participants. The most common reason for use was finding love/partner, casual sex & exploring/experimenting. Association between use of dating applications was statistically significant with gender, duration of stay in Mumbai, relationship status, sexual orientation and habits.

Conclusion:
The use of dating apps was 12.7% in this study. The risk factors associated with dating apps were male gender, residing in Mumbai since more than an year, habits like smoking, alcohol etc. Sexual orientation & relationship status were also significant risk factors for use of dating applications.
IJCM_417A: Internet health information seeking and its effect on patient-doctor relationship and satisfaction among patients attending a tertiary care hospital in Mangalore
Authors: Aggarwal Shreyas , Suresh Aakriti , Jindal Disha , Trikha Radhika , Rekha T , Kumar Nithin , Unnikrishnan Bhaskaran , Mithra Prasanna , Holla Ramesh 
Published: April 2024

Background:
The doctor-patient relationship is a fundamental and essential component of healthcare that plays a critical role in patient outcomes, trust, and overall quality of care. Internet-based health information has been found to have both positive and negative effects on patients.

Objectives:
To assess the internet health-seeking behaviour among patients, and its effect on the doctor-patient relationship

Methodology:
In this facility-based cross-sectional study, 110 patients were assessed regarding their internet health-seeking behaviour and its effect on the doctor-patient relationship. Patient-Doctor Depth-of-Relationship Scale and Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire – Short form (PSQ-18) was used to assess the relationship. A comparison of patient satisfaction scores and doctor-patient relationship scores among those who use the internet for seeking health-related information with those who do not was done by independent t-test and P < 0.05 will be considered to be a statistically significant difference.

Results:
Sixty-seven-point three per cent use the internet for health-related information. Most of the patients felt satisfied with their medical care but there was still some scope of improvement in the domains of communication and the time devoted by the doctor to the patient. The overall level of patient satisfaction was above average. Our study also showed that 77.2% of the study participants had a good relationship with their doctor.

Conclusion:
In our study, we found that the internet using study participants were found to have an above average satisfaction with their doctors.
IJCM_42A: Nutritional Assessment and Association of Malnutrition with Food Insecurity among Adolescent Females of Age 15-19 Years in an Urban Slum of Raipur City
Authors: Galhotra Abhiruchi , Das Sakthi , Shukla Arvind K 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Adolescent girls constitute about one-tenth of our country’s population. They suffer the brunt of malnutrition due to increased nutritional needs; compounded by urbanization, peer and social pressure. They are food insecure either due to unavailability, lack of resources or lower priority in food allocation. The NFHS-5 revealed that in the age group of 15€“19 years, about 39.7% of girls were thin, while 5.4% were overweight or obese.

Objective:
To assess the nutritional status of adolescent females of age 15-19 years in the urban field practice area of the CFM department of AIIMS Raipur and to determine if malnutrition is associated with food insecurity.

Methodology:
A sample size of 401 was determined, using the prevalence of 46.1% malnourishment among girls aged 15-19 years from NFHS-4 data. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted. Participants were selected using consecutive sampling method, and anthropometric measurements were taken. Food insecurity was measured using Food Insecurity Experiential Scale.

Results:
According to WHO BMI-for-age Z scores for adolescents, 2% had severe thinness (<-3SD), 9.7% had thinness (-3 to <-2SD), 5% were overweight (>1 to 2SD) and 1.5% were obese (>2SD). The odds of being thin (low BMI for age) were high among girls who faced moderate to severe food insecurity [OR 3.2, CI 1.5-6.8, P <0.002].

Conclusion:
The high prevalence of thinness and its significant association with food insecurity as revealed in our study, calls for immediate nutritional policy interventions to make this vulnerable group, food secure.