bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of multimethod, community-based educational interventions on the knowledge and attitude to birth preparedness and complications readiness among women in southwest Nigeria
Authors: Okafor Ifeoma P , Balogun Mobolanle R , Sekoni Adekemi O , Dolapo Duro C , Hawkins Claudia A , Afolabi Bosede B 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundBirth preparedness and complications readiness (BP/CR) is an effective strategy to reduce maternal and newborn morbidity and mortality.AimTo assess the effect of educational interventions on women’s knowledge and attitude regarding BP/CR in southwest Nigeria.MethodsA quasi-experimental study was carried out over 1 year (May 2019–April 2020) in Lagos, southwest Nigeria. Intervention was delivered using multiple educational methods: health education sessions, information, education, and communication materials, and mHealth. A total of 2600 women were recruited by multistage sampling. Data were collected using interviewer-administered questionnaires and analysed with Epi Info and SPSS V.25 software. Summary and inferential statistics were done involving four-way analysis. The level of significance was set at p<0.05. Regression analysis applied to intervention group (IG). A 50% cut-off was used to categorise respondents into adequate and inadequate knowledge of BP/CR.ResultsMean age of the respondents: 31.2±5.4 years for the IG, 30.4±6.0 years for the control group (CG); p=0.007. Most women in both groups had formal education, were employed and had their last antenatal care in health facilities. At baseline, both groups had overall inadequate knowledge of BP/CR which improved significantly post intervention only in the IG. For the IG: 9.4% (pre), 52% (post), (p<0.001); CG: 0.2% (pre), 0.5% (post), (Fisher’s exact p=0.624). Most respondents in both groups had a positive attitude to BP/CR, the intervention had no significant influence on this in the IG (p=0.504).Predictors of adequate knowledge of BP/CR included being of Yoruba tribe, (adjusted OR (AOR) 2.83, 95% CI 1.06 to 7.54), being employed, (AOR 1.31; 95% CI 1.04 to 5.87) and having a baby 6 months prior to the study (AOR 2.62; 95% CI 1.31 to 5.24).ConclusionFindings have implications for the design and implementation of relevant policy and community interventions to reduce maternal mortality. Further research can examine the role of financial exclusion in inadequate knowledge.
Development and validation of the Chinese Rural Middle-aged and Elderly Health Literacy Scale
Authors: Wu Zhengyu , Gong Wenjuan , Koki Yoshida , Wang Fei , Chiang Yi-Chen , Jiang Maoming , Ma Jiannan , Huang Jie , Li Rui , Liu Zhengkui , Wang Dewen 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionA notable deficiency lies in the absence of tailored instruments for comprehensively evaluating the health literacy of middle-aged and elderly residents in rural areas of China. Given the context of China’s ageing demographic and the increasing urban–rural disparities, it becomes imperative to formulate a dedicated assessment tool for appraising the health literacy of rural middle-aged and elderly populations.MethodsA systematic and rigorously structured development approach was used. First, the concept of health literacy was used to create a pool of items. Second, the Delphi method was used to revise and finalise the initial version of the Chinese Rural Middle-aged and Elderly Health Literacy Scale (CREHLS). Third, pretesting was used to assess the rationality of the item settings within the CREHLS. Finally, a large-sample survey was used to assess the reliability and validity of the finalisation CREHLS.ResultsThe CREHLS, which comprises 26 items distributed across four dimensions, is designed to evaluate the capacity to access, comprehend, assess and apply pertinent health information related to disease treatment, disease prevention, health promotion and environmental health. Multiple test results affirm the robust reliability and validity of the CREHLS, adhering to the established development standards.ConclusionsThis study expects that the CREHLS will be validated in different rural regions of China and will be a reference for assessing the health literacy of rural middle-aged and elderly people in other countries, thereby increasing our attention to the health literacy of rural people.
Demanding doctorability for abortion on request: a conversation analysis of pre-abortion counselling in public hospitals in the Eastern Cape, South Africa
Authors: du Toit Ryan , Macleod Catriona Ida 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundResearch on abortion counselling generally uses retrospective interviewing regarding providers’ and users’ experiences. In this article we explore how requests for abortion are made and received in real time in (officially non-mandatory) pre-abortion counselling conducted by nurses and counsellors in South African public abortion clinics.MethodsTo capture turn-by-turn interactions, we recorded, using consecutive sampling, 28 sessions at three abortion clinics in 2017/2018. No researcher was present. Conversation analysis, based on an ethnomethodological paradigm, was used to understand the conversational projects of the sessions and to outline how the provider and user oriented to the request for an abortion as a conversational task.ResultsEstablishing reasons for the abortion featured in most individual counselling sessions. Through posing directive questions, providers required users to justify their request to access abortion. Users complied by providing multiple reasons. These reasons were often followed by a provider question demanding accountability in relation to contraceptive (non)use, thus establishing poor usage as therealreason.ConclusionsAs abortion is legalon requestin the first trimester in South Africa, no reason for presenting for an abortion is needed. The demand for users to perform ‘doctorability’ – that is, to present their situation as worthy of a health professional’s (in this case abortion provider’s) time – served as a precursor to discipline the abortion seeker for assumed poor contraceptive usage. Providers should be trained in user-centred care that supports pregnant people’s autonomy in accessing legally induced abortion. A limitation of this study is its restriction to three abortion clinics in one region of South Africa.
Association between COVID-19 vaccination and menstruation: a state of the science review
Authors: Payne Laura A , Wise Lauren A , Wesselink Amelia K , Wang Siwen , Missmer Stacey A , Edelman Alison 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionMenstrual health is a key patient-reported outcome beyond its importance as a general indicator of health and fertility. However, menstrual function was not measured in the clinical trials of COVID-19 vaccines. The purpose of this review was to synthesise the existing literature on the relationship between COVID-19 vaccination and menstrual health outcomes.MethodsA PubMed search to 31 October 2023 identified a total of 53 publications: 11 prospective cohort studies, 11 retrospective cohort studies or registry-based cohort studies, and 31 cross-sectional or retrospective case–control studies.ResultsIdentified studies were generally at moderate-to-high risk of bias due to retrospective design, interviewer bias, and failure to include a non-vaccinated control group. Nonetheless, the bulk of the literature demonstrates that COVID-19 vaccine is associated with temporary changes in menstrual characteristics (cycle length and flow) and menstrual pain. Follicular phase (at the time of vaccination) is associated with greater increases in cycle length. Evidence suggests temporary post-vaccine menstrual changes in adolescents, abnormal vaginal bleeding in postmenopausal individuals, and a potential protective effect of using hormonal contraception.ConclusionsIn this review we found evidence supporting an association between the COVID-19 vaccine and menstrual health outcomes. Given the importance of menstrual function to overall health, we recommend that all future vaccine trials include menstruation as a study outcome. Future vaccine studies should include rigorous assessment of the menstrual cycle as an outcome variable to limit sources of bias, identify biological mechanisms, and elucidate the impact of stress.
Evolutions in care, unmet needs, and research priorities in heart failure
Authors: Halliday Brian P , Ahmed Fozia Z , Beezer Janine , Fuat Ahmet , Ludman Andrew J , Pellicori Pierpaolo , Savage Henry Oluwasefunmi , Taylor Clare J , Cleland John G F 
Published: June 2024

The current treatment landscape for heart failure is predominantly stratified using ejection fraction. Established drug combinations and devices such as cardiac resynchronisation therapy are available for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), but medical options for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) have, until recently, been lacking.A major advance in recent years has been the discovery of effective therapies for HFpEF, including sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and perhaps also the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, spironolactone. For patients with atrial fibrillation and heart failure, the benefit of rhythm control with either radiofrequency ablation or medical therapy is uncertain. Targeted therapies for the small proportion of patients with transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis are available, while antifibrotics seem promising for a larger proportion of patients.For patients with HFrEF, additional treatment options have emerged in the past 10 years. The angiotensin receptor–neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) combination sacubitril–valsartan and SGLT-2 inhibitors reduce mortality and improve life expectancy in symptomatic patients with HFrEF and at least mildly elevated plasma concentrations of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP). The oral soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator vericiguat and cardiac myosin activator omecamtiv mecarbil are not yet licensed in the UK but may provide further treatment options, perhaps in more select groups of patients.Whether all patients with a prior diagnosis of HFrEF who are now in heart failure remission should continue all therapies at maximum tolerated dose indefinitely remains a dilemma. Individualised de-escalation of therapy remains controversial due to the risk of relapse but is occasionally trialled, particularly in patients with a triggering factor such as pregnancy. The ultimate aim is a personalised treatment plan—based on disease phenotype and trajectory—that minimises the risk of relapse and maximises the individual’s quality of life.
High-throughput transcriptome profiling indicates ribosomal RNAs to be associated with resistance to immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: Moutafi Myrto K , Bates Katherine M , Aung Thazin Nwe , Milian Rolando Garcia , Xirou Vasiliki , Vathiotis Ioannis A , Gavrielatou Niki , Angelakis Athanasios , Schalper Kurt A , Salichos Leonidas , Rimm David L 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundDespite the impressive outcomes with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), only a minority of the patients show long-term benefits from ICI. In this study, we used retrospective cohorts of ICI treated patients with NSCLC to discover and validate spatially resolved protein markers associated with resistance to programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) axis inhibition.MethodsPretreatment samples from 56 patients with NSCLC treated with ICI were collected and analyzed in a tissue microarray (TMA) format in including four different tumor regions per patient using the GeoMx platform for spatially informed transcriptomics. 34 patients had assessable tissue with tumor compartment in all 4 TMA spots, 22 with leukocyte compartment and 12 with CD68 compartment. The patients’ tissue that was not assessable in fourfold redundancy in each compartment was designated as the validation cohort; cytokeratin (CK) (N=22), leukocytes CD45 (N=31), macrophages, CD68 (N=43). The human whole transcriptome, represented by~18,000 individual genes assessed by oligonucleotide-tagged in situ hybridization, was sequenced on the NovaSeq platform to quantify the RNAs present in each region of interest.Results54,000 gene variables were generated per case, from them 25,740 were analyzed after removing targets with expression lower than a prespecified frequency. Cox proportional-hazards model analysis was performed for overall and progression-free survival (OS, PFS, respectively). After identifying genes significantly associated with limited survival benefit (HR>1)/progression per spot per patient, we used the intersection of them across the four TMA spots per patient. This resulted in a list of 12 genes in the tumor-cell compartment (RPL13A, GNL3, FAM83A, CYBA, ACSL4, SLC25A6, EPAS1, RPL5, APOL1, HSPD1, RPS4Y1, ADI1). RPL13A, GNL3in tumor-cell compartment were also significantly associated with OS and PFS, respectively, in the validation cohort (CK: HR, 2.48; p=0.02 and HR, 5.33; p=0.04). In CD45 compartment, secreted frizzled-related protein 2, was associated with OS in the discovery cohort but not in the validation cohort. Similarly, in the CD68 compartmentARHGAPand PNN interacting serine and arginine rich protein were significantly associated with PFS and OS, respectively, in the majority but not all four spots per patient.ConclusionThis work highlightsRPL13AandGNL3as potential indicative biomarkers of resistance to PD-1 axis blockade that might help to improve precision immunotherapy strategies for lung cancer.
Exploring compact stellar structures in Finsler–Randers geometry with the Barthel connection
Authors: Praveen J. , Narasimhamurthy S. K. , Yashwanth B. R. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study introduces a pioneering approach to analyzing compact stars through Finslerian geometry, which has not been previously explored in this context. By employing the Barthel connection within Finsler–Randers spaces, the research derives a novel metric for compact stars, utilizing the unique geometric nature of spacetime inherent in Finslerian geometry. This offers a fresh perspective on understanding the structure of these stars, departing from the traditional Riemannian geometry commonly used in astrophysics. Specifically, the investigation delves into the Randers metric within Finslerian geometry to investigate the dynamics of these celestial bodies. It defines a component of Randers space, denoted as $$\eta (r)=a+\frac{br^{2}}{R^{2}}$$

η

(
r
)

=
a
+

b

r
2

R
2

, where a and b are constants, r represents radial distance, and R signifies the observed radius of the star. The research focuses on developing metric potentials within the Finslerian framework, enabling a comprehensive comparative analysis of their regularity. By leveraging the unique physical properties of compact stars, the study determines the values of constants “a” and “b,” as well as those associated with metric potentials. Through an analysis of four distinct compact stars, the research provides valuable insights into various physical attributes based on estimated data. Furthermore, the investigation explores thermodynamic quantities derived within the Finslerian framework, contributing to the characterization of these compact stars. The study emphasizes the stability inherent in the configuration of compact stars under Finsler space geometry, indicating the potential applicability of Finsler geometry in understanding and characterizing celestial bodies in astrophysics.
Noncommutative of Klein–Gordon and Schrödinger equations in the background of the improved Hua plus modified Eckart potential model in 3D-(R/NR)NCQS symmetries: Spectrum and thermodynamic properties
Authors: Maireche Abdelmadjid 
Published: June 2024

The impact of deformation space on the physical characteristics of diverse physics systems has been thoroughly investigated in research papers. In this work, we study the deformed Klein–Gordon equation (DKGE) in the three-dimensional relativistic non-commutative quantum space (3D-RNCQS) regime by using the improved Hua plus modified Eckart potential (IHPMEP) model. For this consideration, the DKGE in the 3D-RNCQS regime is solved using the standard perturbation theory and the well-known Bopp’s shifts method with the Greene–Aldrich approximation to the centrifugal barrier. The new relativistic energy equation and eigenfunction for the IHPMEP in the presence of deformation space-space for the heterogeneous (CO, HF, and NO) and homogeneous (N2, H2, and Li2) diatomic molecules are obtained to be sensitive to the atomic quantum numbers ([Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]), the mixed potential depths ([Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text]), the inverse of the screening parameter [Formula: see text], and non-commutativity parameters ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text]). Analysis is performed on the non-relativistic limit of new energy spectra. By appropriately adjusting the combined potential parameters, we analyze the obtained new bound state eigenvalues of the DKGE and deformed Schrödinger equation with the IHPMEP in 3D-NCQS symmetries and obtain the new modified Eckart potential, the modified Hua potential, the modified Morse potential, and the modified Pöschl–Teller potential. Within the framework of the 3D-NRNCQS regime, the homogeneous and heterogeneous composite systems under IHPMEP models are examined. A thorough investigation is carried out into the impact of space-space deformation on the thermal parameters of the IHPMEP, including the partition function, mean energy, free energy, specific heat, and entropy. This work is of a fundamental absorbability nature and pedagogical interest in atomic and molecular physics.
High Technical Success Rate of Endoscopic Balloon Dilatation Reduces Surgical Requirement for Patients With Stricturing Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Lim Emily , Thai Maxter , An Yoon-Kyo , Hendy Peter , Alchlaihawi Mahmoud , Leong Rupert , Connor Susan , Ng Watson , Gu Bonita , Thin Lena , Sparrow Miles , Gilmore Robert , Taylor Kirstin , Sallis Olivia , Andrews Jane M. , Daker Charlotte , Gearry Richard B. , Wark Gabrielle , Ghaly Simon , Begun Matt , Krishnaprasad Krupa , Wu Tianhong , Ruddick-Collins Leonie , Schreiber Veronika , Okano Satomi , Radford-Smith Graham , Schulberg Julien , van Langenberg Daniel , Begun Jakob 
Published: June 2024

Background: Endoscopic balloon dilatation (EBD) is an alternative therapy to avoid or delay surgery in stricturing Crohn’s disease (CD); however, certain factors determining outcomes remain poorly defined, and conflicting evidence exists in current studies. In one of the largest cohorts to date, we assess outcomes following EBD for stricturing CD for both anastomotic and de novo strictures.Methods: A retrospective cohort study of CD patients undergoing EBD was conducted at 12 hospitals across Australia and New Zealand. Local databases were used to identify cases from February 1999 to November 2019. Data from patient endoscopy reports and medical records were used to determine patient medical details and EBD outcomes. Multivariable analysis was undertaken to identify factors associated with technical and long‐term success.Results: A total of 273 patients with stricturing CD were identified (48% female; 49.6% Montreal L3 disease). Of 695 EBD procedures (355 anastomotic, 340 de novo strictures), the majority (80.1% of strictures with identified length) was performed on short strictures (< 4 cm). Technical success, defined as the ability to traverse the stricture with a colonoscope after dilation, was achieved in 577 (83%) of endoscopic procedures, with success more likely with de novo strictures compared with anastomotic strictures (aOR: 3.21, P = 0.010). A significantly higher failure rate was noted with long strictures (aOR: 0.09, P < 0.001). A total of 74 patients (27%) required surgery within 5 years with stricture length, the only significant factor associated with increased surgery risk (aHR: 2.37, P < 0.01).Conclusion: EBD is a highly effective and safe procedure in both de novo and anastomotic strictures < 4 cm that can prevent or delay the need for surgical treatment.
Abstract A006: Delineating functional drivers of esophageal adenocarcinoma to identify synthetic lethal interactions
Authors: Milne Julia V , Mustafa Ebtihal , Fujihara Kenji , Kusnadi Eric , Trigos Anna , Thio Niko , Pechlivanis Maree , Cabalag Carlos , Gulati Twishi , Simpson Kaylene , Duong Cuong , Furic Luc , Phillips Wayne , Clemons Nicholas 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This abstract is being presented as a short talk in the scientific program. A full abstract is printed in the Proffered Abstracts section (PR007) of the Conference Program/Proceedings.
Citation Format: Julia V Milne, Ebtihal Mustafa, Kenji Fujihara, Eric Kusnadi, Anna Trigos, Niko Thio, Maree Pechlivanis, Carlos Cabalag, Twishi Gulati, Kaylene Simpson, Cuong Duong, Luc Furic, Wayne Phillips, Nicholas Clemons. Delineating functional drivers of esophageal adenocarcinoma to identify synthetic lethal interactions [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference in Cancer Research: Expanding and Translating Cancer Synthetic Vulnerabilities; 2024 Jun 10-13; Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2024;23(6 Suppl):Abstract nr A006.
Abstract B005: Regulation of replication-induced PARP1/PARP2 activation by base excision repair: Implications for PARP and PARG inhibitor resistance
Authors: Ibrahim Md , Khan Md Maruf , Roos Wynand P. , Al-Rahaleh Rasha Q. , Hayat Faisal , Migaud Marie E. , Sobol Robert W. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Acquired poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARP)-inhibitor (PARPi) and/or poly (ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG)-inhibitor (PARGi) resistance in BRCA1/2-defective tumors is common, emphasizing the need for identifying new targets. Protein poly ADP-ribosylation (PARylation) is a posttranslational modification of proteins catalyzed by PARP to form poly-(APD-ribose) (PAR) chains on itself and chromatin-associated proteins in response to DNA damage. Our study reveals that PARylation occurs in a replication-, PARP1-, and PARP2-dependent manner even in undamaged cells. Using proximity labeling, specifically Split-TurboID, we found that replication-dependent PARylation recruits the base excision repair (BER) factors XRCC1, POLB, APTX, and LIG3. These factors, in turn, suppress further PARylation. The BER factors XRCC1, POLB, APTX, or LIG3 promote PARPi and PARGi resistance as loss of these replication-associated BER (R-BER) factors re-sensitizes cancer cells to these inhibitors. Of interest, BRCA1 and BRCA2 localize with R-BER factors in undamaged cells. Lastly, XRCC1, POLB, APTX, and LIG3 depletion activate the S-phase checkpoint kinase CHK1, and targeting either this kinase or ATR under these conditions overcomes PARGi resistance in glioblastoma and ovarian cancer cells. In conclusion, our data highlight the crucial role of R-BER in protecting the cell during S-phase and propose a potential intervention strategy for resistant tumors.
Citation Format: Md Ibrahim, Md Maruf Khan, Wynand P. Roos, Rasha Q. Al-Rahaleh, Faisal Hayat, Marie E. Migaud, Robert W. Sobol. Regulation of replication-induced PARP1/PARP2 activation by base excision repair: Implications for PARP and PARG inhibitor resistance [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference in Cancer Research: Expanding and Translating Cancer Synthetic Vulnerabilities; 2024 Jun 10-13; Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2024;23(6 Suppl):Abstract nr B005.