bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceptual Speech Assessment after Maxillary Advancement Osteotomy in Patients with a Repaired Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Kim Seok-Kwun , Kim Ju-Chan , Moon Ju-Bong , Lee Keun-Cheol 
Published: May 2012

Background Maxillary hypoplasia refers to a deficiency in the growth of the maxilla commonly seen in patients with a repaired cleft palate. Those who develop maxillary hypoplasia can be offered a repositioning of the maxilla to a functional and esthetic position. Velopharyngeal dysfunction is one of the important problems affecting speech after maxillary advancement surgery. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of maxillary advancement on repaired cleft palate patients without preoperative deterioration in speech compared with non-cleft palate patients.
Methods Eighteen patients underwent Le Fort I osteotomy between 2005 and 2011. One patient was excluded due to preoperative deterioration in speech. Eight repaired cleft palate patients belonged to group A, and 9 non-cleft palate patients belonged to group B. Speech assessments were performed preoperatively and postoperatively by using a speech screening protocol that consisted of a list of single words designed by Ok-Ran Jung. Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to determine if there were significant differences between the preoperative and postoperative outcomes in each group A and B. And Mann-Whitney U test was used to determine if there were significant differences in the change of score between groups A and B.
Results No patients had any noticeable change in speech production on perceptual assessment after maxillary advancement in our study. Furthermore, there were no significant differences between groups A and B.
Conclusions Repaired cleft palate patients without preoperative velopharyngeal dysfunction would not have greater risk of deterioration of velopharyngeal function after maxillary advancement compared to non-cleft palate patients.
Prevalence of Diplopia and Extraocular Movement Limitation according to the Location of Isolated Pure Blowout Fractures
Authors: Park Min Seok , Kim Young Joon , Kim Hoon , Nam Sang Hyun , Choi Young Woong 
Published: May 2012

Background Isolated pure blowout fractures are clinically important because they are the main cause of serious complications such as diplopia and limitation of extraocular movement. Many reports have described the incidence of blowout fractures associated with diplopia and limitation of extraocular movement; however, no studies have statistically analyzed this relationship. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the correlation between the location of isolated pure blowout fractures and orbital symptoms such as diplopia and limitation of extraocular movement.
Methods We enrolled a total of 354 patients who had been diagnosed with isolated pure blowout fractures, based on computed tomography, from June 2008 to November 2011. Medical records were reviewed, and the prevalence of extraocular movement limitations and diplopia were determined.
Results There were 14 patients with extraocular movement limitation and 58 patients complained of diplopia. Extraocular movement limitation was associated with the following findings, in decreasing order of frequency: floor fracture (7.1%), extended fracture (3.6%), and medial wall (1.7%). However, there was no significant difference among the types of fractures (P=0.60). Diplopia was more commonly associated with floor fractures (21.4%) and extended type fractures (23.6%) than medial wall fractures (10.4%). The difference was statistically significant (Bonferroni-corrected chi-squared test P<0.016).
Conclusions Data indicate that extended type fractures and orbital floor fractures tend to cause diplopia more commonly than medial wall fractures. However, extraocular movement limitation was not found to be dependent on the location of the orbital wall fracture.
Recipient Vessel Selection in Immediate Breast Reconstruction with Free Abdominal Tissue Transfer after Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy
Authors: Yang Sung Jun , Eom Jin Sup , Lee Taik Jong , Ahn Sei Hyun , Son Byung Ho 
Published: May 2012

Background Nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) is gaining popularity due to its superior aesthetic results. When reconstructing the breast with free abdominal tissue transfer, we must readdress the recipient vessel, because NSM can cause difficulty in access to the chest vessel.
Methods Between June 2006 and March 2011, a total of 92 women underwent NSM with free abdominal tissue transfer. A lateral oblique incision was used for the nipple-sparing mastectomy. For recipient vessels, the internal mammary vessels were chosen if the mastectomy flap did not block access to the vessels. If it did, the thoracodorsal vessels were used. Age, degree of breast ptosis, weight of the mastectomy specimen, and related complications of the internal mammary vessel group and the thoracodorsal vessel group were compared.
Results Thoracodorsal vessels were used as recipient vessels in 59 cases, and internal mammary vessels in 33 cases including 4 cases with perforators of the internal mammary vessels. Breast reconstruction was successful in all cases except one case involving a total flap failure, which was replaced by a silicone gel implant. The internal mammary group and the thoracodorsal group were similar in terms of age, height, breast weight, and degree of ptosis. The flap related complications such as flap loss and take-back operation rates were not significantly different between the two groups. The rate of nipple necrosis was higher in the internal mammary group.
Conclusions The thoracodorsal vessels could produce comparable outcomes in breast reconstruction after nipple-sparing mastectomies. If access to internal mammary vessels is difficult, the thoracodorsal vessel can be a better choice.
The Efficacy and Safety of Ablative Fractional Resurfacing Using a 2,940-Nm Er:YAG Laser for Traumatic Scars in the Early Posttraumatic Period
Authors: Kim Sun Goo , Kim Eun Yeon , Kim Yu Jin , Lee Se Il 
Published: May 2012

Background Skin injuries, such as lacerations due to trauma, are relatively common, and patients are very concerned about the resulting scars. Recently, the use of ablative and non-ablative lasers based on the fractional approach has been used to treat scars. In this study, the authors demonstrated the efficacy and safety of ablative fractional resurfacing (AFR) for traumatic scars using a 2,940-nm erbium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er:YAG) laser for traumatic scars after primary repair during the early posttraumatic period.
Methods Twelve patients with fifteen scars were enrolled. All had a history of facial laceration and primary repair by suturing on the day of trauma. Laser therapy was initiated at least 4 weeks after the primary repair. Each patient was treated four times at 1-month intervals with a fractional ablative 2,940-nm Er:YAG laser using the same parameters. Post-treatment evaluations were performed 1 month after the fourth treatment session.
Results All 12 patients completed the study. After ablative fractional laser treatment, all treated portions of the scars showed improvements, as demonstrated by the Vancouver Scar Scale and the overall cosmetic scale as evaluated by 10 independent physicians, 10 independent non-physicians, and the patients themselves.
Conclusions This study shows that ablative fractional Er:YAG laser treatment of scars reduces scars fairly according to both objective results and patient satisfaction rates. The authors suggest that early scar treatment using AFR can be one adjuvant scar management method for improving the quality of life of patients with traumatic scars.
Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells to Cardiomyocytes on Microcarrier Cultures
Authors: Ting Sherwin , Lecina Marti , Reuveny Shaul , Oh Steve 
Published: May 2012

AbstractWe have developed an improved cardiomyocyte differentiation protocol where we stabilized embryoid bodies (EB) in serum‐ and insulin‐free medium (bSFS) supplemented with p38 MAP kinase inhibitor (SB203580) by addition of 10 µm laminin‐coated positively charged (protamine sulfate derivatized TSKgel Tresyl‐5PW) microcarriers. This protocol achieved a maximum 3‐fold cell expansion, differentiation efficiency of 20%, and an overall cardiomyocyte yield of 3 × 105 CM/ml in static conditions. In comparison, EB cultures achieved 1.5‐fold cell expansion, differentiation efficiency of 15%, and an overall cardiomyocyte yield of 1.1 × 105 CM/ml. The scalability of this platform was demonstrated in suspended spinner cultures, producing a maximum of 2.14 × 105 CM/ml in 50‐ml cultures. This yield is two‐fold higher than the control static EB‐based platform (1.1 × 105 CM/ml), and seven‐fold higher than yields reported in literature, 3.1–9 × 104 CM/ml. The robustness of this protocol was tested with HES‐3 and H1 cell lines. Curr. Protoc. Stem Cell Biol. 21:1D.7.1‐1D.7.14. © 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Single and Dual Birthdating Procedures for Assessing the Response of Adult Neural Stem Cells to the Infusion of a Soluble Factor Using Halogenated Thymidine Analogs
Authors: Moreno‐Estellés Mireia , Díaz‐Moreno María , González‐Gómez Pilar , Andreu Zoraida , Mira Helena 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe factors that regulate the switch from adult neural stem cell (aNSC) quiescence to active proliferation are poorly understood. Here we describe a method to study the in vivo effect of a soluble factor on cell cycle entry and proliferation of aNSCs located in the brain neurogenic niches. First, we provide information for implanting osmotic minipumps that will deliver the compound of interest directly into the mouse brain. When combined with the administration of the thymidine analog bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), this technique is the most basic procedure to study the effects of a soluble factor on aNSC proliferation. We also describe a dual replication labeling protocol using two different halogenated thymidine analogs, chloro‐ and iododeoxyuridine (CldU and IdU), that allows tracking of proliferating cells and assessing cell cycle re‐entry of aNSCs at different time points. Curr. Protoc. Stem Cell Biol. 21:2D.10.1‐2D.10.20. © 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
In Vitro Generation of Three‐Dimensional Substrate‐Adherent Embryonic Stem Cell–Derived Neural Aggregates for Application in Animal Models of Neurological Disorders
Authors: Hargus Gunnar , Cui Yi‐Fang , Dihné Marcel , Bernreuther Christian , Schachner Melitta 
Published: May 2012

AbstractIn vitro−differentiated embryonic stem (ES) cells comprise a useful source for cell replacement therapy, but the efficiency and safety of a translational approach are highly dependent on optimized protocols for directed differentiation of ES cells into the desired cell types in vitro. Furthermore, the transplantation of three‐dimensional ES cell−derived structures instead of a single‐cell suspension may improve graft survival and function by providing a beneficial microenvironment for implanted cells. To this end, we have developed a new method to efficiently differentiate mouse ES cells into neural aggregates that consist predominantly (>90%) of postmitotic neurons, neural progenitor cells, and radial glia−like cells. When transplanted into the excitotoxically lesioned striatum of adult mice, these substrate‐adherent embryonic stem cell−derived neural aggregates (SENAs) showed significant advantages over transplanted single‐cell suspensions of ES cell−derived neural cells, including improved survival of GABAergic neurons, increased cell migration, and significantly decreased risk of teratoma formation. Furthermore, SENAs mediated functional improvement after transplantation into animal models of Parkinson's disease and spinal cord injury. This unit describes in detail how SENAs are efficiently derived from mouse ES cells in vitro and how SENAs are isolated for transplantation. Furthermore, methods are presented for successful implantation of SENAs into animal models of Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, and spinal cord injury to study the effects of stem cell−derived neural aggregates in a disease context in vivo. Curr. Protoc. Stem Cell Biol. 21:2D.11.1‐2D.11.19. © 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Lipase‐mediated preparation of epoxy lecithin and its evaluation as plasticizer in polyester laminates
Authors: Reddy Jala R. C. , Rao Bhamidipati V. S. K. , Karuna Marellapudi S. , Raju Kothapalli V. S. N. , Krishna Achanta V. R. , Prasad Rachapudi B. N. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractA simple chemoenzymatic method was developed for the preparation of epoxy lecithin that contains epoxy oils and phospholipids. The parameters such as lipase concentration, hydrogen peroxide concentration, and time of the reaction were studied. The product was evaluated as a plasticizer in polyester laminates and compared with virgin polyester laminates. The laminates were prepared using various amounts of epoxy lecithin and evaluated for different properties. The epoxy lecithin modified laminates showed good impact strength, tensile, and chemical resistance properties. These laminates were also evaluated for vicat softening point and water absorption. The epoxy lecithin can be used as a plasticizer in polyester laminates. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Jute fabric reinforced engineering thermoplastic sandwich composites. I. The effect of molding time
Authors: Thitithanasarn Smith , Yamada Kazushi , Ishiaku Umaru S. , Hamada Hiroyuki 
Published: May 2012

AbstractJute fabric‐reinforced sandwich composites were fabricated using engineering thermoplastics. The jute fabrics were precoated with thermosetting resin to improve their thermal resistance before molding of the composites. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) studies revealed that the resin coated fabrics decomposed at higher temperature than the uncoated jute. The onset of degradation of the coated fibers also falls between that of jute fibers and the thermoset resins. This indicates the presence of good interfacial bonding between jute fibers and both resins. Isothermal TGA studies revealed that jute could withstand brief exposure to higher temperature at 270 and 290°C. The sandwich composites were fabricated at 270°C by compression molding for 1.5 and 3 min in each case, and then characterized by flexural, tensile and morphological studies, i.e., SEM and optical microscopy. The uncoated jute fabric yielded composites of superior mechanical properties even with 3 mins molding at 270°C which is close to the degradation temperature of uncoated jute fibers. This is an indication that it is feasible to prepare jute fiber filled engineering polymer composites provided the exposure time at high temperature during processing does not exceed 3 mins as determined by TGA isothermal studies. SEM studies revealed strong fiber/matrix interfacial bonding between jute and the thermoset resins while the inferior mechanical properties of the resin coated sandwich composites could be attributed to the poor interfacial bonding between the already cured thermoset coating and the matrix based on optical microscopy of the polished cross‐sections. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Splenectomy Delays Uterine Natural Killer Cell Recruitment to Implantation Sites and Prolongs Pregnancy in Mice
Authors: Zavan Bruno , Carvalho Celiane Cardoso , Rossi Wagner Costa , Paffaro AndrÉa Mollica Amarante , Paffaro Valdemar Antonio 
Published: May 2012

AbstractUterine natural killer (uNK) cells are the dominant lymphocytes found in pregnant mammals that develop uterine decidualization. Four stages of mouse uNK cell differentiation are recognized using Dolichos biflorus agglutinin (DBA) lectin histochemistry. Each uNK cell subtype has a preferential domain. In human and mouse normal pregnancies, uNK cells are activated interferon gamma‐producing cells that promote angiogenesis and development of the decidua and placenta. Murine transplant models suggest that uNK cells differentiate from self‐renewing progenitors found in peripheral secondary lymphoid tissues, particularly spleen and lymph nodes. In this work, the spleen was removed 7 days before mice were mated to address whether absence of the spleen reduced uNK cell numbers or altered the distributions of maturing uNK cell subsets using quantitative lectin histochemistry. Splenectomy delayed uNK cell maturation within implantation sites. This coincided with delayed decidual and placental development and a significant (48 hr) lengthening of gestation without loss of viability. These studies characterize spleen as a biologically important progenitor tissue for uNK precursor cells. Anat Rec, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Objective Bayesian analysis of spatial data with uncertain nugget and range parameters
Authors: Kazianka Hannes , Pilz Jürgen 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe authors develop default priors for the Gaussian random field model that includes a nugget parameter accounting for the effects of microscale variations and measurement errors. They present the independence Jeffreys prior, the Jeffreys‐rule prior and a reference prior and study posterior propriety of these and related priors. They show that the uniform prior for the correlation parameters yields an improper posterior. In case of known regression and variance parameters, they derive the Jeffreys prior for the correlation parameters. They prove posterior propriety and obtain that the predictive distributions at ungauged locations have finite variance. Moreover, they show that the proposed priors have good frequentist properties, except for those based on the marginal Jeffreys‐rule prior for the correlation parameters, and illustrate their approach by analyzing a dataset of zinc concentrations along the river Meuse.The Canadian Journal of Statistics40: 304–327; 2012 © 2012 Statistical Society of Canada
Altering membrane topology with Sar1 does not impair spindle assembly in Xenopus egg extracts
Authors: Riggs Blake , Bergman Zane J. , Heald Rebecca 
Published: May 2012

AbstractIntracellular membrane networks including the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the Golgi apparatus experience dramatic reorganization upon entry into mitosis. However, the mechanisms driving these rearrangements and their importance for cell division are poorly understood. The GTPase Sar1 is a component of the secretory pathway and a key activator of anterograde transport of cargo from the ER to the Golgi. Here we show that Sar1 mutant proteins added to metaphase‐arrested Xenopus laevis egg extracts cause dramatic effects on membrane organization. Live analysis of membrane structures in egg extract cytoplasm revealed a distinct network of sheets and tubules reflective of the organization of the ER in other systems. Addition of a constitutively active Sar1 GTPase mutant (H79G) increased membrane tubulation, while a dominant negative version Sar1 (T39N) impaired tubule organization. Although microtubule pelleting assays revealed that Sar1 associates with microtubules in the egg extract, and addition of Sar1 (H79G) mutant slightly destabilized spindle poles, bipolar spindle assembly was largely unaffected. Thus, spindles are stable to dramatic changes in mitotic membrane organization at metaphase, suggesting that mitotic membrane is not an upstream regulator of the mitotic spindle apparatus in Xenopus egg extracts. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc
Tumor response assessment by modified Choi criteria in localized high‐risk soft tissue sarcoma treated with chemotherapy
Authors: Stacchiotti Silvia , Verderio Paolo , Messina Antonella , Morosi Carlo , Collini Paola , Llombart‐Bosch Antonio , Martin Javier , Comandone Alessandro , Cruz Jurado , Ferraro Andrea , Grignani Giovanni , Pizzamiglio Sara , Quagliuolo Vittorio , Picci Piero , Frustaci Sergio , Dei Tos Angelo Paolo , Casali Paolo G. , Gronchi Alessandro 
Published: May 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND.The objective of this study was to compare the prognostic relevance of Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) versus Choi criteria for the assessment of response in patients with high‐risk soft tissue sarcoma of the extremities or trunk wall who received preoperative chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy in a phase 3 trial.METHODS.Patients received 3 cycles of preoperative epirubicin + ifosfamide with or without radiotherapy. The diagnostic concordance between RECIST and Choi criteria and their correlation with overall survival (OS) and freedom from progression (FFP) were evaluated in a univariate Cox regression model.RESULTS.In 243 of 321 eligible patients, RECIST, Choi criteria, and histology were predictive for OS and FFP. In the subgroup of 69 patients who received chemotherapy alone and were evaluable by both RECIST and Choi criteria, Choi criteria were associated significantly with OS and FFP, whereas RECIST predicted only FFP, and the pattern of agreement observed between the 2 criteria was unsatisfactory. On a dichotomous scale, comparing objective response (complete and partial responses) and lack of response (stable and progressive disease) to preoperative chemotherapy according to RECIST and Choi criteria, only Choi criteria were predictive of OS and FFP, and fair agreement between RECIST and Choi criteria was observed. When lack of progression and progression were compared (complete and partial responses + stable disease vs progressive disease), both assessment criteria were significantly predictive of OS and FFP, and there was substantial agreement between the 2 criteria.CONCLUSIONS.Response to chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy was associated with a better outcome in patients with high‐risk soft tissue sarcoma. Choi criteria were better predictors than RECIST in patients who received preoperative chemotherapy alone. Cancer 2012. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
Transitory and activity‐dependent expression of neurogranin in olfactory bulb tufted cells during mouse postnatal development
Authors: Gribaudo S. , Bovetti S. , Friard O. , Denorme M. , Oboti L. , Fasolo A. , De Marchis S. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractNeurogranin (Ng) is a brain‐specific postsynaptic calmodulin‐binding protein involved in synaptic activity‐dependent plasticity. In the adult olfactory bulb (OB), Ng is expressed by a large population of GABAergic interneurons in the granule cell layer. We show here that, during postnatal development, Ng is also expressed by OB neurons in the superficial external plexiform layer (sEPL) and glomerular layer (GL). These Ng‐positive neurons display morphological and neurochemical features of superficial and external tufted cells. Ng expression in these cells is transient during OB development: few elements express Ng at postnatal day (P) 5, increasing in number and reaching a peak at P10, then progressively decreasing. At P30, Ng is rarely detectable in these neurons. Ng expression in developing tufted cells is also modulated at the cellular level: at earlier stages, Ng labeling is distributed throughout the cell body and dendritic arborization in the GL, but, at P20, when the glomerular circuits are fully matured, Ng becomes restricted to the soma and proximal portion of tufted cell apical dendrites. We show that olfactory deprivation at early postnatal stages induces a strong increase in Ng‐positive tufted cells from P10 to P20, whereas no changes have been observed following olfactory deprivation in adult mice. These findings demonstrate that Ng expression in sEPL‐GL is restricted to developmental stages and indicate its activity‐dependent regulation in a time window critical for glomerular circuit development, suggesting a role for Ng in maturation and dendritic remodeling of tufted cells. J. Comp. Neurol., 520:3055–3069, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.