bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecularly imprinted supermacroporous cryogels for cytochrome c recognition
Authors: Tamahkar Emel , Bereli Nilay , Say Rıdvan , Denizli Adil 
Published: November 2011

AbstractMolecular imprinting is an attractive biomimetic approach that creates specific recognition sites for the shape and functional group arrangement to template molecules. The purpose of this study is to prepare cytochrome c‐imprinted poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA)‐based supermacroporous cryogel which can be used for the separation of cytochrome c from protein mixtures. N‐Methacryloyl‐(L)‐histidinemethylester (MAH) was used as the metal‐coordinating monomer. In the first step, Cu2+ was complexed with MAH, and the cytochrome c imprinted PHEMA (MIP) cryogel was prepared by free radical cryopolymerization initiated by N,N,N′,N′‐tetramethylene diamine at −12°C. After polymerization is completed, the template cytochrome c molecules were removed from the MIP cryogel using 0.5 M NaCl solution. The maximum cytochrome c binding amount was 126 mg/g polymer. Selective binding studies were performed in the presence of lysozyme and bovine serum albumin. The relative selectivity coefficients of MIP cryogel for cytochrome c/lysozyme and cytochrome c/bovine serum albumin were 1.7 and 5.2 times greater than those of the non‐imprinted PHEMA cryogel, respectively. The selectivity of MIP cryogel for cytochrome c was also confirmed with fast protein liquid chromatography. The MIP cryogel could be used many times with no remarkable decrease in cytochrome c binding capacity.
National trends in laryngeal cancer surgery and the effect of surgeon and hospital volume on short‐term outcomes and cost of care
Authors: Gourin Christine G. , Frick Kevin D. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:The past 2 decades have witnessed an increase in the use of chemoradiation in the treatment of laryngeal cancer. We sought to characterize contemporary patterns of laryngeal cancer surgical care and the effect of volume status on surgical care and short‐term outcomes.Study Design:Retrospective cross‐sectional study.Methods:Using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database, temporal trends in laryngeal cancer surgical care were evaluated in 78,478 cases performed in 1993 to 2008. Relationships between volume and mortality, complications, length of stay, and costs were evaluated in 24,856 cases performed in 2003 to 2008 using regression analysis, with adjustment for patient and provider characteristics.Results:Laryngeal cancer surgery in 2001 to 2008 was associated with increased utilization of high‐volume hospitals (odds ratio [OR] = 2.0, P = .039), a decrease in partial and total laryngectomy procedures (OR = 0.7, P < .001), an increase in flap reconstruction (OR = 1.6, P < .001), prior radiation (OR = 2.2, P < .001), comorbidity (OR = 1.6, P < .001), and wound complications (OR = 4.0, P < .001), compared to 1993 to 2000. High‐volume hospitals were significantly associated with partial laryngectomy (OR = 1.8, P = .026) and flap reconstruction (OR = 1.8, P = .027). High‐volume surgeons were associated with partial laryngectomy (OR = 1.7, P = .048), flap reconstruction (OR = 1.6, P = .029), prior radiation (OR = 2.2, P = .013), and comorbidity (OR = 0.4, P = .008). After controlling for all other variables, a statistically significant negative correlation was observed between surgery at a high‐volume hospital and length of hospitalization, and surgery by a high‐volume surgeon was associated with even greater reductions in length of hospitalization as well as lower hospital‐related costs.Conclusions:These data reflect changing trends in the primary management of laryngeal cancer, with meaningful differences in the type of surgical care provided by high‐volume providers.
A Snapshot of Thermo‐Oxidative Degradation Products in Poly(bisphenol A carbonate) by Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry and Matrix‐Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Carroccio Sabrina , Rizzarelli Paola , Zampino Daniela 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe products derived from thermo‐oxidation of poly(bisphenol A carbonate) (PC) and their related degradation pathways are investigated. PC degradation is carried out at 300 °C in air. The oxidized products are analyzed for the first time by using direct electrospray mass spectrometry (MS) and matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight MS. Together with the formation of bisphenol A oligomers, several new structures containing biphenyl units, phenols, acetophenones, alcohols, acids, and xanthones molecules are detected. The use of thin films, instead of PC bulk, allows one to obtain precise information about mechanisms involved during thermo‐oxidative processes and to establish a new order of priorities among the renowned degradative reactions.
Operator Bezoutiant and roots of entire functions, concrete examples
Authors: Sakhnovich L. A. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractIn this paper we investigate the properties of the operator Bezoutiant. We omit the assumption that the operator Bezoutiant is normally solvable.We investigate the following problems: describing the conditions under which two entire functions have no common zeroes, extending the Schur‐Cohn theorem to new classes of entire functions. We apply the general results to the theory of Bessel and confluent hypergeometric functions.
Mild well‐posedness of equations with fractional derivative
Authors: Bu Shangquan 
Published: October 2011

AbstractWe study the (Wα, p, Lp)‐mild well‐posedness of the equation with fractional derivative Dαu(t) = Au(t) + f(t), 0 ≤ t ≤ 2π, where A is a closed operator in a Banach space X, α > 0, 1 ≤ p < ∞ and Dα is the fractional derivative in the sense of Weyl. We completely characterize the (Wα, p, Lp)‐mild well‐posedness of this equation by Lp‐multiplier defined by the resolvent of A, this extends the previous works by Keyantuo and Lizama.
Commutation methods for Schrödinger operators with strongly singular potentials
Authors: Kostenko Aleksey , Sakhnovich Alexander , Teschl Gerald 
Published: October 2011

AbstractWe explore the connections between singular Weyl–Titchmarsh theory and the single and double commutation methods. In particular, we compute the singular Weyl function of the commuted operators in terms of the original operator. We apply the results to spherical Schrödinger operators (also known as Bessel operators). We also investigate the connections with the generalized Bäcklund–Darboux transformation.
Gallic acid, a histone acetyltransferase inhibitor, suppresses β‐amyloid neurotoxicity by inhibiting microglial‐mediated neuroinflammation
Authors: Kim Mi‐Jeong , Seong Ah‐Reum , Yoo Jung‐Yoon , Jin Cheng‐Hao , Lee Yoo‐Hyun , Kim Young Jun , Lee Jeongmin , Jun Woo Jin , Yoon Ho‐Geun 
Published: October 2011

AbstractScope: We examined the biological effect of gallic acid (GA) as a nuclear factor (NF)‐κB acetyltransferase inhibitor on microglial‐mediated β‐amyloid neurotoxicity and restorative effects on the Aβ‐induced cognitive dysfunction.Methods and results: The protective effects of GA on the survival of neuronal cells were assessed with an MTT assay and a co‐culture system. For the co‐culture experiments, both BV‐2 and primary microglia cells were treated with GA prior to Aβ stimulation, and conditioned media were transferred to Neuro‐2A cells. The mRNA and protein levels of inflammatory cytokines in both microglia and Neuro‐2A cells were assessed with real‐time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. Inhibition of nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) acetylation with GA treatment resulted in reduced cytokine production in microglia cells and protection of neuronal cells from Aβ‐induced neurotoxicity. Furthermore, we observed a restorative effect of GA on Aβ‐induced cognitive dysfunction in mice with Y‐maze and passive avoidance tests. Finally, we found that GA treatment efficiently blocked neuronal cell death by downregulating the expression of cytokines and the in vivo levels of NF‐κB acetylation.Conclusion: These results suggest that selective inhibition of NF‐κB acetylation by the histone acetyltransferase inhibitor GA is a possible therapeutic approach for alleviating the inflammatory progression of Alzheimer disease.
Decomposition‐based quantitative electromyography in the evaluation of muscular dystrophy severity
Authors: Derry Kendra L. , Venance Shannon L. , Doherty Timothy J. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractIntroduction: Electromyography is useful in the diagnosis of myopathies, but its utility in determining disease severity requires further investigation. In this study we aimed to determine whether decomposition‐based quantitative electromyography (DQEMG) could indicate the severity of involvement in a cohort of patients with muscular dystrophies (MDs). Methods: Fifteen patients with facioscapulohumeral (FSHD), limb‐girdle (LGMD), and Becker (BMD) muscular dystrophy, and 7 healthy controls, participated in this investigation. Knee extensor isometric strength differentiated the “more severe” and “less severe” MD groups. The vastus lateralis (VL), biceps brachii (BB), and tibialis anterior (TA) muscle groups were investigated using DQEMG. Results: All muscles from the MD group showed changes in mean MUP (motor unit potential) AAR (area‐to‐amplitude ratio), and turns, compared with controls (P < 0.05). More severely affected muscles (VL and BB) also had shortened mean MUP durations compared with controls (P < 0.01). Conclusions: DQEMG was capable of indicating the severity of MD involvement, as changes in MUP morphology reflected the progressive nature of the disease. Muscle Nerve, 2012
Localization of generalized eigenvalues by Cartesian ovals
Authors: Kostić V. , Varga R. S. , Cvetković L. 
Published: November 2011

SUMMARYIn this paper, we consider the localization of generalized eigenvalues, and we discuss ways in which the Gersgorin set for generalized eigenvalues can be approximated. Earlier, Stewart proposed an approximation using a chordal metric. We will obtain here an improved approximation, and using the concept of generalized diagonal dominance, we prove that the new approximation has some of the basic properties of the original Geršgorin set, which makes it a handy tool for generalized eigenvalue localization. In addition, an isolation property is proved for both the generalized Geršgorin set and its approximation. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Polypropylene/organically modified Sabah montmorillonite nanocomposites: Surface modification and nanocomposites characterization
Authors: Balakrishnan Harintharavimal , Ibrahim Muthmirah , Wahit Mat Uzir , Hassan Azman 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe aim of the work is to extract, purify, and organically modify montmorillonite (MMT) of Lahad Datu, Sabah bentonite. The octadecylamine treated Sabah MMT (S‐OMMT) (2–8 wt%) was then melt blended with polypropylene (PP) and maleated polypropylene (PPgMAH) (10 wt%) via single screw nanomixer extruder followed by injection molding into test samples to examine the mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties of PP/S‐OMMT nanocomposites. Unmodified Sabah MMT (S‐MMT) and commercial grade MMT (Nanomer 1.30P) filled PP nanocomposites were also characterized for comparison purpose. X‐ray diffraction results showed that the interlayer spacing of S‐MMT increased after organic modification as Fourier transform infra‐red and elemental analysis evidenced the presence of octadecylamine. PP/S‐OMMT nanocomposites showed a better dispersion and strength compared to PP/Nanomer 1.30P nanocomposites due to its smaller MMT platelet size. differential scanning calorimetry and Thermogravimetry analysis revealed that the thermal stability and crystallinity of neat PP improved with the addition of all types of MMT. Dynamic mechanical analyzer showed that PP nanocomposites have higher storage modulus (E′) values than the neat PP over the whole temperature range. The new PP/S‐OMMT nanocomposites showed a comparable performance with PP/Nanomer 1.30P nanocomposites exhibiting promising future applications of S‐MMT in polymer/MMT nanocomposites. POLYM. COMPOS., 2011. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers
Interfacial micromechanics and effect of moisture on fluorinated epoxy carbon fiber composites
Authors: Pandey Gajendra , Kareliya Chirag , Hinkley Jeffrey , Singh Raman P. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractCarbon fiber composites have witnessed an increased application in aerospace and other civil structures due to their excellent structural properties such as specific strength and stiffness. However, unlike other structural materials, carbon fiber composites have not been as widely studied. Hence, their increased application is also accompanied with a serious concern about their long‐term durability. Many of these applications are exposed to multiple environments such as moisture, temperature, and UV radiation. Composites based on conventional epoxies readily absorb moisture. However, recently synthesized fluorinated epoxies show reduced moisture absorption and hence potentially better long‐term durability. The aim of this project is to study the effect of moisture absorption on fluorinated‐epoxy‐based carbon fiber composites and their comparison with conventional epoxy carbon fiber‐based composites. Microbond tests are performed on fluorinated and nonfluorinated epoxy‐based single fiber samples before and after boiling water degradation. It is found that fluorinated epoxy‐based single fiber coupons showed relatively reduced degradation of interface when compared with the nonfluorinated epoxy single fiber coupons. POLYM. COMPOS., 2011. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers
Eine Legende wird neu geboren
Authors: Fuchs Guido W. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractIm Jahre 1790 gründet der Naturforscher Friedrich Gren das Journal der Physik, das er bis kurz vor seinem Tod 1798 führt. Das von ihm begonnene Werk führt Ludwig Gilbert ab 1799 als Annalen der Physik fort. In der Folgezeit entwickelt sich die Zeitschrift zu einer der traditionsreichsten und angesehensten Physikzeitschriften der Welt. Der Ruhm der Annalen gipfelt Anfang des 20. Jahrhunderts in den bahnbrechenden Veröffentlichungen von Max Planck und Albert Einstein. Die Annalen überstehen beide Weltkriege und die anschließende Teilung Deutschlands. Seit der deutschen Wiedervereinigung erscheinen weiterhin regelmäßig Beiträge führender Wissenschaftler. Im Januar 2012 wird die Zeitschrift einen Neustart erleben.
While my guitar gently weeps
Authors: Hauck Matthias 
Published: November 2011

AbstractIn der vorgestellten Studie gelangen es, auf Grundlage physikalischer Resonanzanalysen und psychoakustischer Testmethoden Qualitätskriterien für akustische Stahlsaitengitarren abzuleiten. Hierbei wurde das Resonanzverhalten der Instrumente in einer Weise untersucht, wie sie von Musikern gespielt werden. Die dadurch verhältnismäßig einfach auszuführenden Analysen machen sie auch für einen modernen Physikunterricht in den Schulen attraktiv.
Zersplitterndes Holz auf rohen Eiern
Authors: Vollmer Michael , Möllmann Klaus‐Peter 
Published: November 2011

AbstractManch einer kennt die Show‐Darbietungen, bei denen ein Sportler mit bloßen Händen oder Füßen Mauersteine oder Holzplatten zertrümmert. Schon lange sind die physikalischen Hintergründe der Bruchmechanik und Dynamik bekannt, die diese scheinbar unmöglichen Kunststücke erlauben. Dennoch steht das Verständnis der physikalischen Bewegungsgesetze häufig im Gegensatz zu unserer Alltagserwartung.
Ein Leben im Beschleunigerlabor
Authors: Loos Andreas 
Published: November 2011

AbstractSehr beschleunigt wirkt seine Ausbildung am Anfang nicht, eher im Gegenteil: Das Gymnasium besucht er zwei Jahre länger, weil die Universität geschlossen hat – es ist Krieg. Er nutzt die Zeit für Elektronik‐Basteleien und startet mit Verspätung ein Studium der technischen Physik in Delft. (Jahrzehnte später wird er bedauern, dass sein Physikwissen dadurch “notwendigerweise etwas beschränkt gewesen” und er dadurch “etwas amateurhaft” sei.) Nach Abschluss des Studiums nimmt er eine Stelle in einem Forschungslabor von Philips an, um an der Entwicklung von Elektronenmikroskopen mitzuarbeiten.
Die Creme, die aus der Kälte
Authors: Vilgis Thomas 
Published: November 2011

AbstractEier einzufrieren ist nicht unbedingt das Naheliegendste, aber dieses Vorgehen liefert eine einzigartige cremige Struktur des Eigelbs, dessen Textur vielfältig eingesetzt werden kann. Der Grund dafür ist das außergewöhnliche Verhalten der LDL‐Partikel (Low Density Lipoproteins) und deren einhüllenden Proteine (Apoproteine), die für das “Gelieren” des Eigelbs beim Einfrieren verantwortlich sind.
Two‐photon excitation and optical limiting in polyfluorene derivatives
Authors: Correa Daniel S. , De Boni Leonardo , Nowacki Bruno , Grova Isabel , Fontes Bruno D. , Rodrigues Paula C. , Tozoni José R. , Akcelrud Leni , Mendonça Cleber R. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractFluorene‐based polymers are widely known materials due to a combination of features such as photoluminescence and electroluminescence, oxidative stability, and film‐forming ability. However, studies reporting nonlinear optical properties in this class of conjugated polymer are scarce. Here, we report a new class of polyfluorene derivatives poly(9,9′‐n‐dihexyl‐2,7‐fluorenedilvinylene‐alt‐1,4‐phenylenevinylene), poly(9,9′‐n‐dihexyl‐2,7‐fluorenedilvinylene‐alt‐2,5‐thiophene), and poly[(9,9‐di‐hexylfluorenediylvinylene‐alt‐1,4‐phenylenevinylene)‐co‐((9,9′‐(3‐t‐butylpropanoate) fluorene‐1,4‐phenylene)] displaying high two‐photon absorption (2PA) in the spectral range from a 490 to 1100 nm. The 2PA cross‐section peak values for these materials are as high as 3000 Göppert Mayer (1 GM = 1 × 10−50 cm4 s/photon), which is related to the high degree of conjugation along the polymer backbone. The polymers that were used in this study presented a strong two‐photon luminescence and also displayed optical limiting behavior, which, in combination with their well‐established properties, make them highly suitable for nonlinear optical devices. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 50: 148–153, 2012
Stable and good color purity white light‐emitting devices based on random fluorene/spirofluorene copolymers doped with iridium complex
Authors: Wang Hong‐Yu , Qian Qun , Lin Kun‐Hua , Peng Bo , Huang Wei , Liu Feng , Wei Wei 
Published: October 2011

AbstractConjugated polymers PSNFP and PSNFF based on naphthalene‐containing spirofluorene structure and 9,9‐dioctylfluorene, 2,5‐dioctylbezene were designed and synthesized for light emitting applications. These two polymers show good blue emission both in solution and thin film. Thermal gravimetric analysis reveals they have good thermal stability with the decomposition temperature higher than 400 °C. Electrochemistry characterization shows that both of these polymers have a large band gap and deep highest occupied molecular orbital, which are important features for phosphorescent host materials. White light‐emitting diodes were fabricated by using PSNFF as the host material, containing two typical phosphorescent Ir complex dopants: green emitter Ir(mppy)3 and red emitter Ir(piq)2. The color coordinate CIE stayed nearly constant, changed from (0.32, 0.31) to (0.28, 0.31) when the current density varied from 2 to 20 mA cm−2. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2012
Imaging of phase segregation in gradient copolymers: Island and hole surface topography
Authors: Mok Michelle M. , Torkelson John M. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractApplication of traditional block copolymer microscopy techniques to gradient copolymers yields limited results, due to the low compositional contrast provided from the sinusoidal composition profiles of their phase segregated nanostructures. In contrast, optical microscopy and profilometry allow for the first direct visualization of their phase segregation properties through surface features formed in annealed thin films. Three comonomer systems are studied; one block and one gradient copolymer are compared for each system. Island/hole topography is observed in all block cases. Of the three gradient copolymers, one showed no pattern development and two showed emergence of island/hole patterns, which coarsen over initial annealing and then appear to anneal away. These results are related to the lower driving force for phase segregation from gradient sequencing, which lowers the potential of gradient copolymers to form island/hole patterns and also to pin any patterns formed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2012
Effects of Reactor Packing Materials on H2 Production by CO2 Reforming of CH4 in a Dielectric Barrier Discharge
Authors: Gallon Helen J. , Tu Xin , Whitehead J. Christopher 
Published: November 2011

AbstractNon‐thermal plasma has been investigated for CO2 reforming of CH4 in a coaxial DBD reactor with different reactor packing materials placed into the discharge gap. Both the chemical and physical effects on reaction performance have been examined for the addition of quartz wool, γ‐Al2O3 and zeolite 3A, in order to gain a better understanding of plasma interactions with materials during CH4 reforming reactions. Quartz wool was found to enhance the conversion of CH4 and improve H2 yields as a result of changes in the physical properties of the discharge; electrical measurements showed an increase in the intensity of microdischarge filaments over quartz wool. In the presence of Al2O3 and zeolite 3A, the discharge intensity was reduced and consequently CH4 and CO2 conversions were lower for these materials. However, in the presence of zeolite 3A improved selectivities towards H2 and light hydrocarbons acetylene/ethylene were obtained and formation of liquid hydrocarbons was inhibited due to shape‐selectivity determined by the zeolite pore size.magnified image
Crystal structure of bacteriophage ϕNIT1 zinc peptidase PghP that hydrolyzes γ‐glutamyl linkage of bacterial poly‐γ‐glutamate
Authors: Fujimoto Zui , Kimura Keitarou 
Published: October 2011

AbstractPoly‐γ‐glutamate hydrolase P (PghP) of Bacillus subtilis bacteriophage ΦNIT1 hydrolyzes the γ‐glutamyl peptide linkage of extracellular poly‐γ‐glutamate produced by bacilli, which facilitates infection and propagation of phage progenies. Crystal structure of PghP was determined at a resolution of 1.9 Å. Structure of PghP was elucidated as a globular protein with an open α/β mixed core structure and a seven‐stranded parallel/anti‐parallel β‐sheet. The β‐sheet contained a core four‐stranded parallel β‐sheet. A zinc‐binding motif, His‐Glu‐His, was identified at the C‐terminal end of the β‐sheet. Structure analysis demonstrated that PghP, which had not been previously classified into any peptidase/protease family due to lack of amino acid sequence similarity with known enzymes, had a catalytic center containing a zinc ion and an overall topology resembling mammalian carboxypeptidase A and related enzymes. Structural comparisons indicated important amino acid residues of PghP for catalysis and recognition of the γ‐peptide bond of poly‐γ‐glutamate, which was confirmed by site‐directed mutagenesis of PghP. Proteins 2011. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.