bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inter-relationship between mitochondrial function and susceptibility to oxidative stress in red- and white-blooded Antarctic notothenioid fishes
Authors: Mueller Irina A. , Grim Jeffrey M. , Beers Jody M. , Crockett Elizabeth L. , O'Brien Kristin M. 
Published: October 2011

SUMMARYIt is unknown whether Antarctic fishes can defend themselves against oxidative stress induced by elevations in temperature. We hypothesized that Antarctic icefishes, lacking the oxygen-binding protein hemoglobin, might be more vulnerable to temperature-induced oxidative stress compared with red-blooded notothenioids because of differences in their mitochondrial properties. Mitochondria from icefishes have higher densities of phospholipids per mg of mitochondrial protein compared with red-blooded species, and these phospholipids are rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), which can promote the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Additionally, previous studies have shown that multiple tissues in icefishes have lower levels of antioxidants compared with red-blooded species. We quantified several properties of mitochondria, including proton leak, rates of ROS production, membrane composition and susceptibility to lipid peroxidation (LPO), the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total antioxidant power (TAOP) in mitochondria isolated from hearts of icefishes and red-blooded notothenioids. Mitochondria from icefishes were more tightly coupled than those of red-blooded fishes at both 2°C and 10°C, which increased the production of ROS when the electron transport chain was disrupted. The activity of SOD and TAOP per mg of mitochondrial protein was equivalent between icefishes and red-blooded species, but TAOP normalized to mitochondrial phospholipid content was significantly lower in icefishes compared with red-blooded fishes. Additionally, membrane susceptibility to peroxidation was only detectable in icefishes at 1°C and not in red-blooded species. Together, our results suggest that the high density of mitochondrial phospholipids in hearts of icefishes may make them particularly vulnerable to oxidative stress as temperatures rise.
Concise Synthesis of β,β-Diaryl Esters and Ketones from Ethynylcarbonyl Compounds by Rhodium-catalyzed Double Arylation with Arylboroxins
Authors: Nishimura Takahiro , Noishiki Akira , Hayashi Tamio 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
3,3-Diarylpropanoate esters were prepared from tert-butyl propiolate and arylboroxins in high yields through the rhodium-catalyzed double arylation of β-alkoxyacrylate, which was generated in situ from tert-butyl propiolate and 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol. The present method was also successfully applied to the double arylation of ethynyl ketones.
Self-organized Structure Generated by Molecular Symmetry/Asymmetry Regulation
Authors: Kaneda Keisuke , Shikinaka Kazuhiro , Fujii Nozomu , Noguchi Keiichi , Masai Eiji , Katayama Yoshihiro , Nakamura Masaya , Otsuka Yuichiro , Ohara Seiji , Shigehara Kiyotaka 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
The self-organization of polyfunctional molecules, leading to specific molecular assemblies, is often determined by the molecular symmetry/asymmetry of constitution. By using structurally isomeric pyronedicarboxylic acids, the molecular symmetry/asymmetry was revealed to discriminate the structure and the thermodynamic stability of self-organized architecture.
Universal Tool for Vaccine Scheduling: Applications for Children and Adults
Authors: Smalley Hannah K. , Keskinocak Pinar , Engineer Faramroze G. , Pickering Larry K. 
Published: October 2011

To improve coverage against vaccine-preventable diseases for children and adults, and to aid caretakers and providers in making appropriate and timely vaccination decisions, Georgia Institute of Technology collaborated with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to develop decision support tools for creating optimized catch-up immunization schedules for four target groups: children through age 6, adolescents ages 7 through 18, adults ages 19 and over in the United States, and children and adolescents through age 19 in Canada. Our solution to the catch-up scheduling problem for each targeted group determines the best coverage schedule for each individual given his (her) vaccination history and age. If an individual misses one or more doses of a recommended vaccine, a health-care professional is typically responsible for generating a feasible catch-up schedule that optimizes the person's coverage against vaccine-preventable diseases, a task that is often challenging and time consuming. Inappropriate schedules could prevent some individuals from being vaccinated in a timely manner, potentially increasing their risk of contracting a disease. Each decision support tool uses a dynamic programming algorithm to construct recommended immunization schedules in an optimized manner. These tools simplify the tedious process of manually constructing immunization schedules, expedite the process, and eliminate errors.
Cytologic Features of Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma
Authors: Murali Rajmohan , Zarka Matthew A. , Ocal Idris T. , Tazelaar Henry D. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractTo determine cytologic features of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) that would enable accurate diagnosis, we evaluated fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) smears from 11 histologically confirmed EHEs. The variably cellular smears comprised dispersed single cells and occasional cell aggregates. Dense stromal fragments were present in association with some tissue fragments. The cells were epithelioid, containing moderate or large amounts of dense cytoplasm. Nuclei exhibited mild pleomorphism, and nuclear grooves were identified in all cases. At least occasional intranuclear pseudoinclusions (INPIs) and intracytoplasmic lumina (ICLs) were present in all cases and in 9 cases (82%), respectively, and rare erythrocytes were seen within ICLs in 5 cases (45%). Mitotic figures were identified in 4 cases (36%). The background was bloody in 6 cases (55%) and contained hemosiderin and/or hemosiderin-laden macrophages in 5 cases (45%). The combination of the following features in FNAB samples should raise strong suspicion for EHE: predominantly dispersed single cells with occasional cohesive cell clusters; epithelioid cytomorphology; dense cytoplasm with well-defined cytoplasmic borders; ICLs (with or without erythrocytes), INPIs, and nuclear grooves. The presence of these features should prompt correlation with clinical, radiologic, and histologic features and immunohistochemical evaluation using vascular markers.
Analysis of Proinflammatory and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine Serum Concentrations in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis by Using a Multiplexed Immunoassay
Authors: Martins Thomas B. , Rose John W. , Jaskowski Troy D. , Wilson Andrew R. , Husebye Dee , Seraj Hanieh S. , Hill Harry R. 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
We examined cytokines and other inflammatory markers in serum samples from 833 patients with multiple sclerosis and 117 healthy control subjects. A multiplexed immunoassay was used to assess the concentrations of 13 cytokines/inflammatory markers: interferon (IFN)-γ; interleukins (ILs)-1β, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 13; tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α; IL-2 receptor; and soluble CD40 ligand. Significant increases between patients and control subjects were found for IFN-γ (mean, 7.5 vs 0.4 pg/mL; P = .0002), IL-2 (mean 5.7 vs 1.0 pg/mL; P =.0002), IL-1β (mean, 23.0 vs 11.3 pg/mL; P ≤ .0001), TNF-α (mean, 4.1 vs 1.2 pg/mL; P = .01), IL-4 (mean, 1.4 vs 0.1 pg/mL; P ≤ .0001), IL-10 (mean, 16.8 vs 7.5 pg/mL; P = .03), and IL-13 (mean, 4.5 vs 0.8 pg/mL; P ≤ .0001). Profiling cytokines in multiple sclerosis may help to identify mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of the disease, aid in monitoring the disease course and in evaluating responses to specific therapies, and, potentially, lead to new therapies directed at cytokines or their receptors.
Antiochus III: A Friend and Ally of the Roman People
Authors: Dmitriev Sviatoslav 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
By giving Antiochus III the status of a “friend and ally of the Roman people”, the Romans drew him into the framework of their diplomacy, thus making him liable for observing Roman diplomatic principles and practices. This follows from the Roman understanding that Roman friends were obliged to have the same friends and enemies as the Romans and, therefore, to refrain from attacking other Roman friends. The Romans applied this system in both the west and the east. It is erroneous, therefore, to say that the Roman approach to friendship changed once the Romans moved into the eastern Mediterranean, particularly in connection with the Illyrian wars, as some have argued. Nor is it viable to view Roman friends as Roman clients, because having a client required a commitment, whereas Rome had no obligations to her friends unless – for specific reasons, which are also examined in this article – she made treaties with them.
Standing Wave Interferometer with Stabilization of Wavelength on Air
Authors: Lazar Josef , Cip Ondrej , Cízek Martin , Hrabina Jan , Buchta Zdenek 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
We present an experimental arrangement of an interferometric system designed to operate with full compensation for varying refractive index of air in the measuring axis. The concept is based on a principle where the wavelength of the laser source is derived not from an optical frequency of the stabilized laser but from a fixed length being a base-plate or a frame of the whole measuring setup. This results into stabilization of the wavelength of the laser source in atmospheric conditions to mechanical length of suitable etalon made of a material with very low thermal expansion. The ultra-low thermal expanding glass ceramic materials available on the market perform thermal expansion coefficients on the level 10−8 which significantly exceeds the limits of uncertainty posed by indirect evaluation of refractive index of air through Edlen formula. This approach represents a contribution primarily to high-resolution and high-precision dimensional metrology in the nanoscale.
Interferometric Technique to Characterize Optical Fibres and Interrogate Guided-Wave-Based Micro-Resonator-Sensors
Authors: Obaton Anne-Francoise , Dubard Jimmy 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
In the frame of development of new reference techniques, LNE has developed a Phase sensitive-Optical Low Coherence Reflectometer dedicated to the characterization of optical fibres less than one meter long and to the interrogation of guided-wave-based biosensors. Thus this technique is within the fields of optical telecommunication and biological applications. In this context: standard fibres, Bragg gratings, specialty fibres such as photonic crystal fibres and sensors made of micro-resonators have been studied. This tool has proven to be very performing as it gives relevant parameters with low uncertainty on components not accessible with other techniques or needed several different techniques. The setup is presented as well as the results of particular interest obtained on optical waveguides in the telecommunication and biological domains.
Investigation, Design and Practical Testing of LED Linear Light as an Alternative to a Laser Line Generator
Authors: Rückwardt Matthias , Göpfert Andre , Rosenberger Maik , Linß Gerhard , Kienast Sascha 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
An interesting option for 3D object recognition is the triangulation principle. For this purpose a laser line generator is often used. But other structured linear light sources are also possible. For this the linear light has to have a defined width, brightness and sharpness. The linear light on the object, e. g. a groove, is changed by the object´s surface and is detected by digital image processing. Until now such linear light has been created with the help of a complex visual system using laser diodes. Because of some optical disadvantages of laser light, like speckles, in optical measurement applications, this paper examines the effect of using a structured LED light source instead of the laser generator. Consequently, the focus of this research lies on the necessary width, brightness, sharpness, length and depth of focus of the linear light generated by a LED light source for high-precision measuring. This research has been carried out by extensive computer-aided simulations. Several solutions are given and assessed in this paper.
A Robust Achromatic DSPI Interferometer for Measurement in Polar Coordinates
Authors: Albertazzi Jr. Armando G. , Viotti Matias R. , Kapp Walter A. 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
This paper presents a new concept of a digital speckle pattern interferometer with radial in-plane sensitivity. The interferometer uses a special diffractive optical element and a particular design that makes it non sensitive to laser wavelength. A compact design makes it robust enough to be used for in-field measurement. Applications of this interferometer to build robust devices for 2D displacement, mechanical stresses and residual stresses measurement are presented in this paper.
THz Imaging System Based on THz-to-IR Converter
Authors: Kuznetsov Sergey A. , Paulish Andrey G. , Gelfand Alexander V. , Lazorskiy Pavel A. , Fedorinin Victor N. , Arzhannikov Andrey V. 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
The simple and flexible bolometric system for THz imaging employing the scheme of terahertz-to-IR conversion is described. In the proposed scheme the terahertz waves are absorbed by high-performance ultra- thin THz absorbers which thermal heating is detected by a conventional IR camera. The absorbers are implemented on basis of artificial impedance surfaces (AIS) with thickness 1/50th–1/40th of the operating free-space wavelength, which are designed for close to unity absorptivity in the range 0.3–0.4 THz at high spectral and polarization resolution. The general strategy for realizing ultrathin AIS-absorbers applicable to selective bolometric devices is considered. The proposed approach is tested in experiments on real-time THz imaging using a backward-wave THz oscillator with 3–10 mW output radiation power.
Performance evaluation of neutron detectors incorporating intrinsic Gd using a GEANT4 modeling approach
Authors: Bickley Abigail A. , Young Christopher , Thomas Benjamin , McClory John W. , Dowben Peter A. , Petrosky James C. 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACTSolid-state neutron detectors from heterostructures that incorporate Gd intrinsically or as a dopant may significantly benefit from the high thermal neutron capture cross section of gadolinium. Semiconducting devices with Gd atoms can act as a neutron capture medium and simultaneously detect the electronic signal that characterizes the interaction. Neutron capture in natural isotopic abundance gadolinium predominantly occurs via the formation of 158mGd, which decays to the ground state through the emission of high-energy gamma rays and an internal conversion electron. Detection of the internal conversion electron and/or the subsequent Auger electron emission provides a distinct and identifiable signature that neutron capture has occurred. Ensuring that the medium responds to these emissions is imperative to maximizing the efficiency and separating out other interactions from the radiation environment. A GEANT4 model, which includes incorporation of the nuclear structure of Gd, has been constructed to simulate the expected device behavior. This model allows the energy deposited from the decay of the meta-stable state to be localized and transported, providing for analysis of various device parameters. Device fabrication has been completed for Gd doped HfO2 on n-type silicon, Gd2O3 on p-type silicon and Gd2O3 on SiC for validation of the code. A preliminary evaluation of neutron detection capabilities of these devices using a GEANT4 modeling approach is presented.
Elastic Heterophase Domains in Ferroelectric Epitaxial Films
Authors: Roytburd A. L. , Ouyang J. , Boyerinas B. M. , Bruck H. A. , Slutsker J. , Artemev A. 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACTA heterophase polydomain structure has been recently discovered in BiFeO3 epitaxial ferroelectric films, which provides large electromechanical responses. In this work, the formation of such a microstructure is explained by theory of elastic domains. The thermodynamics of the heterophase polydomain microstructure is analyzed to predict the equilibrium volume fraction of domains at different film-substrate lattice misfits. Extrinsic mechanical and piezoelectric properties are discussed for the heterophase polydomains. It is shown that an applied electric field, which increases electrostatic interaction between domains, may lead to dramatic increase of piezo response. The results of this work are in good agreement with experimental data for BiFeO3.
Evaluation of a Family-Centered Prevention Intervention for Military Children and Families Facing Wartime Deployments
Authors: Lester Patricia , Saltzman William R. , Woodward Kirsten , Glover Dorie , Leskin Gregory A. , Bursch Brenda , Pynoos Robert , Beardslee William 
Published: October 2011

Objectives. We evaluated the Families OverComing Under Stress program, which provides resiliency training designed to enhance family psychological health in US military families affected by combat- and deployment-related stress.Methods. We performed a secondary analysis of Families OverComing Under Stress program evaluation data that was collected between July 2008 and February 2010 at 11 military installations in the United States and Japan. We present data at baseline for 488 unique families (742 parents and 873 children) and pre–post outcomes for 331 families.Results. Family members reported high levels of satisfaction with the program and positive impact on parent–child indicators. Psychological distress levels were elevated for service members, civilian parents, and children at program entry compared with community norms. Change scores showed significant improvements across all measures for service member and civilian parents and their children (P < .001).Conclusions. Evaluation data provided preliminary support for a strength-based, trauma-informed military family prevention program to promote resiliency and mitigate the impact of wartime deployment stress.
Immune Responses of HIV-1 Tat Transgenic Mice to Mycobacterium Tuberculosis W-Beijing SA161
Authors: Honda Jennifer R , Shang Shaobin , Shanley Crystal A , Caraway Megan L , Henao-Tamayo Marcela , Chan Edward D , Basaraba Randall J , Orme Ian M , Ordway Diane J , Flores Sonia C 
Published: October 2011

Background:Mycobacterium tuberculosisremains among the leading causes of death from an infectious agent in the world and exacerbates disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). HIV infected individuals are prone to lung infections by a variety of microbial pathogens, includingM. tuberculosis. While the destruction of the adaptive immune response by HIV is well understood, the actual pathogenesis of tuberculosis in co-infected individuals remains unclear. Tat is an HIV protein essential for efficient viral gene transcription, is secreted from infected cells, and is known to influence a variety of host inflammatory responses. We hypothesize Tat contributes to pathophysiological changes in the lung microenvironment, resulting in impaired host immune responses to infection byM. tuberculosis.Results:Herein, we show transgenic mice that express Tat by lung alveolar cells are more susceptible than non-transgenic control littermates to a low-dose aerosol infection ofM. tuberculosisW-Beijing SA161. Survival assays demonstrate accelerated mortality rates of the Tat transgenic mice compared to non-transgenics. Tat transgenic mice also showed poorly organized lung granulomata-like lesions. Analysis of the host immune response using quantitative RT-PCR, flow cytometry for surface markers, and intracellular cytokine staining showed increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the lungs, increased numbers of cells expressing ICAM1, increased numbers of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T regulatory cells, and IL-4 producing CD4+ T cells in the Tat transgenics compared to infected non-tg mice.Conclusions:Our data show quantitative differences in the inflammatory response to the SA161 clinical isolate ofM. tuberculosisW-Beijing between Tat transgenic and non-transgenic mice, suggesting Tat contributes to the pathogenesis of tuberculosis.
Serum Free Light Chains and the Risk of ESRD and Death in CKD
Authors: Haynes Richard , Hutchison Colin A. , Emberson Jonathan , Dasgupta Tanaji , Wheeler David C. , Townend John N. , Landray Martin J. , Cockwell Paul 
Published: October 2011

Summary

Background and objectives
Associations between inflammation and ESRD and death in chronic kidney disease are well established. However, the potential role of the adaptive immune system is uncertain. We aimed to prospectively study the relevance of the adaptive immune system to ESRD and mortality by measuring monoclonal and polyclonal excesses of highly sensitive serum free light chains (sFLCs).

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
Three hundred sixty-four patients selected from a nephrology outpatient clinic had kappa and lambda sFLCs concentrations and serum immunofixation electrophoresis measured. Cox regression was used to assess the relevance of monoclonal and polyclonal excess of sFLCs to the incidence of ESRD and death (mean follow-up for death 6.0 years).

Results
After adjustment for baseline eGFR, there was no significant association between monoclonal excess of sFLCs and risk of ESRD or mortality. Baseline log κ and log λ concentrations were positively associated with ESRD risk, but these associations seemed to be due to correlations with eGFR (per 1 SD higher concentration: adjusted hazard ratio 1.05 [95% confidence interval 0.88 to 1.26] and 0.99 [0.83 to 1.19], respectively). For mortality, after adjustment for eGFR plus markers of cardiac damage, there was weak evidence of an association with λ, but not κ, sFLC concentration (fully adjusted hazard ratio 1.33 [95% confidence interval 1.05 to 1.67] per 1 SD higher concentration).

Conclusions
Associations between monoclonal and polyclonal excess of sFLCs and risk of ESRD are explained by the correlation between these measures and renal function. We found only weak evidence of an association between polyclonal excess of λ sFLC concentration and mortality.