bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Groningen Gas Field: The Role of Science in a Slow-Onset Disaster
Authors: Postmes Tom , Busscher Nienke , Hupkes Sanne , De Julio Agustín , Vojvodic Ena 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis chapter presents a case study of the Groningen gas field. We study the role of science and knowledge in the assessment, monitoring and management of escalating earthquake risks. The case is relevant to climate change in several ways. Around 2006, gas extraction from Groningen was increased with the narrative that gas was the “ideal energy transition fuel”. Gas is more climate-friendly than burning coal or oil, and gas-fueled power plants combine well with renewables (Heath et al. in Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 111(31):E3167–E3176, 2014). Much less attention was devoted to known risks: subsidence, pollution and earthquakes. The latter caused a slow-onset disaster in Groningen. Lessons from this case are relevant to renewable energy initiatives such as hydrogen storage and geothermal energy, as well as to the future exploitations of gas fields, made more likely by the Ukraine war. At the end of the chapter, we reflect on governance of big industrial risks amid climate change.
Water Linking to Food and Energy
Authors: Tian Zhan , Wang Kai , Meng Ying , Fan Yidan , Zhang Zongyong , Gong Guoqing 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWater, food, and energy resources are critical concerns to achieve the UN 2030 Sustainable Development Goals. However, achieving food, energy, and water security is under increasing pressure due to population and economic growth as well as climate change. Climate change affects the regional precipitation and discharge in both time and space scales. Rice consumption increased about 5 times during 1961–2017, and energy requirements increased with an annual growth rate of 5–6% between 1990 and 2010 at the global scale. This chapter studies the linkage of water-food and water-energy sectors as well as the nexus relationship in the Langcang-Mekong River Basin (LMR B). Agriculture is the main water consumer in LMRB, and expansion of irrigated cropland and agricultural intensification has significantly increased the irrigation water demand. The basin is an ideal location for developing and utilizing hydropower resources, and the hydropower potential is estimated at around 60,000 MW. Future climate change might decrease the regional hydropower potential, especially around the mainstream. Water demand for thermal power generation and fossil fuel extraction is increasing due to population growth and socio-economic development. Furthermore, biofuel production and crop planting areas both increased sharply in the Lower Mekong countries, especially in Vietnam and Thailand. Water, food, and energy resources are strongly connected in the Mekong River Delta. A nexus case study in the Mekong River Delta showed a strong connection among food, energy, and water systems. Rice yields will be vulnerable to extreme climate events, and the development of the energy sector will affect regional sustainability through nexus significantly. Specifically, the average total water withdrawal in 2050 was estimated to increase by 40% compared to that in the 2016 drought year and will be more than 3 times higher than the average withdrawal of 1995–2010.
Water Hazards: Drought and Flood
Authors: Tang Qiuhong , Yun Xiaobo , Wang Jie , Deng Haoxin , Liu Binxiao , Tran Thuy Chi , Han Dongmei , Fang Haiyan , Shi Xiaogang , Pokhrel Yadu , Gaffney Paul P. J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDroughts and floods are the main threats to the Lancang-Mekong River Basin (LMRB). Drought mainly occurs during the dry season, especially in March and April, in the LMRB. The “dry gets drier” paradigm performs well in the LMRB, specifically in the Mekong Delta. Further, flood frequency and magnitude, which are determined by heavy rain, are also increasing in the LMRB. Droughts and floods show obvious seasonal and regional characteristics in the LMRB. The LMRB is a well-known rainstorm-flood basin. Floods in the LMRB are mainly caused by heavy rain. The LMRB is dominated by regional floods, and basin-wide floods rarely occur. From upstream to downstream, the flood peak and flood volume have shown increasing trends. Meanwhile, moving further downstream, the flood season ends later. In the upstream areas, floods are mainly concentrated in the period from July to October, with the highest probability of floods occurring in August. For the downstream areas, the flood season is from August to October. Climate change is one of the major factors affecting the LMRB’s droughts and floods. Global warming is an indisputable fact. Under global warming, extreme hydrological events show a tendency to increase. Climate models have suggested a future potential for increased flood frequency, magnitude, and inundation in the LMRB by 10–140%, 5–44% and 19–43%, respectively. Although the severity and duration of droughts are also increasing, the differences in drought indicators projected by different climate models are significant. Hydropower development was another major factor affecting droughts and floods in the LMRB. Large-scale hydropower development has drastically changed streamflow characteristics since 2009, causing increased dry season flow (+150%) and decreased wet season flow (−25%), as well as reduced flood magnitude (−2.3  to  −29.7%) and frequency (−8.2 to −74.1%). Large-scale reservoirs will have a profound impact on hydrological characteristics, droughts and floods, agriculture, fisheries, energy supply, and environmental protection in the LMRB. Coupling climate models and hydrological models is the main way to study the impact of climate change and reservoir operation in the LMRB. Climate change indirectly affects hydrological characteristics by affecting meteorological parameters, while reservoirs can directly change the propagation from meteorological extreme events to hydrological extreme events by releasing/storing water in different situations. Hydrological models are the link connecting and quantifying the coupled effects of climate change and reservoirs. More studies are needed to develop a comprehensive understanding of the future impacts of climate change and reservoir operation on extreme events in the LMRB, as well as adaptation and mitigation measures.
A global analysis of the SMEFT under the minimal MFV assumption
Authors: Bartocci Riccardo , Biekötter Anke , Hurth Tobias 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We present comprehensive global fits of the SMEFT under the minimal minimal flavour violation (MFV) hypothesis, i.e. assuming that only the flavour-symmetric and CP-invariant operators are relevant at the high scale. The considered operator set is determined by this flavour assumption rather than the used datasets. We establish global limits on these Wilson coefficients using leading order and next-to-leading order SMEFT predictions for electroweak precision observables, Higgs, top, flavour and dijet data as well as measurements from parity violation experiments and lepton scattering. Our investigations reveal an intriguing crosstalk among different observables, underscoring the importance of combining diverse observables from various energy scales in global SMEFT analyses.
Classical observables using exponentiated spin factors: electromagnetic scattering
Authors: Akhtar Samim , Manna Arkajyoti , Manu Akavoor 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In [1], the authors argued that the Newman-Janis algorithm on the space of classical solutions in general relativity and electromagnetism could be used in the space of scattering amplitudes to map an amplitude with external scalar states to an amplitude associated to the scattering of “infinite spin particles”. The minimal coupling of these particles to the gravitational or Maxwell field is equivalent to the classical coupling of the Kerr blackhole with linearized gravity or the so-called $$ \sqrt{\textrm{Kerr}} $$

Kerr

charged state with the electromagnetic field. The action of the Newman-Janis mapping on scattering amplitudes was then used to compute the linear impulse at first post-Minkowskian (1PM) order, via the Kosower, Maybee, O’Connell (KMOC) formalism. In this paper, we continue with the idea of using the Newman-Janis mapping on the space of scalar QED amplitudes to compute classical observables such as the radiative gauge field and the angular impulse. We show that for tree-level amplitudes, the Newman-Janis action can be reinterpreted as a dressing of the photon propagator. This turns out to be an efficient way to compute these classical observables. Along the way, we highlight a subtlety that arises in proving the conservation of angular momentum for scalar $$ -\sqrt{\textrm{Kerr}} $$
−

Kerr

scattering.
Affine symmetries for ABJM partition function and its generalization
Authors: Moriyama Sanefumi , Nosaka Tomoki 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Partially motivated by the fact that the grand partition function of the ABJM theory or its generalization is expressed by a spectral operator enjoying symmetries of the Weyl group, it was found that the grand partition function satisfies the q-Painlevé equation, which is constructed from the affine Weyl group. In this paper we clarify the affine symmetries of the grand partition function. With the affine symmetries, we find that the grand partition function extends naturally outside the fundamental domain of duality cascades and once the Painlevé equation holds in the fundamental domain, so does it outside.
The θ-dependence of the Yang-Mills spectrum from analytic continuation
Authors: Bonanno Claudio , Bonati Claudio , Papace Mario , Vadacchino Davide 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We study the θ-dependence of the string tension and of the lightest glueball mass in four-dimensional SU(N) Yang-Mills theories. More precisely, we focus on the coefficients parametrizing the $$ \mathcal{O}\left({\theta}^2\right) $$
O

θ
2

dependence of these quantities, which we investigate by means of numerical simulations of the lattice-discretized theory, carried out using imaginary values of the θ parameter. Topological freezing at large N is avoided using the Parallel Tempering on Boundary Conditions algorithm. We provide controlled continuum extrapolations of such coefficients in the N = 3 case, and we report the results obtained on two fairly fine lattice spacings for N = 6.
Deconfinement, center symmetry and the ghost propagator in Landau gauge pure SU(3) Yang-Mills theory
Authors: Paiva Vítor , Silva Paulo J. , Oliveira Orlando 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The temperature dependence of the Landau gauge ghost propagator is investigated in pure SU(3) Yang-Mills theory with lattice QCD simulations. Its behavior around the confined-deconfined phase transition temperature, Tc ∼ 270 MeV, is investigated. The simulations show that in the deconfined phase, the ghost propagator is enhanced for small momenta, ≲ 1 GeV. Furthermore, the analysis of the spontaneous breaking of center symmetry on the ghost propagator is studied. Similarly as observed for the gluon propagator, the simulations result in a decoupling of the sectors where the phase of the Polyakov loop is either 0 or ±2π/3 sectors, with the latter remaining indistinguishable. The results point to the possible use of the ghost propagator as an “order parameter” for the confined-deconfined phase transition.
Electroweak precision measurements of a nearly-degenerate Z′-Z system
Authors: Qiu Dayun , Tang Yi-Lei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we discuss the possibility to probe a nearly-degenerate Z′-Z system by analyzing the Z-lineshape at an electron-positron collider. Compared with the usual Z′ in the literature well separated with the standard model (SM) Z boson in mass, the nearly-degenerate Z′-Z mixing affects the observed effective “oblique parameters” $$\widetilde{S}$$, $$\widetilde{T}$$, $$\widetilde{U}$$, and the effective deviation of “number of neutrino species” $$\delta {\widetilde{N}}_{\nu }$$ in a more complicated way and cannot be simply computed perturbatively up to a particular order. Aiming at solving this problem, we write down a general simplified effective Lagrangian and enumerate some parameter spaces corresponding to some typical models, and suggest a method to extract the constraints by looking into the line-shape of the Z-like resonance at an electron-positron collider.
Mixed NNLO QCD × electroweak corrections to single-Z production in pole approximation: differential distributions and forward-backward asymmetry
Authors: Dittmaier Stefan , Huss Alexander , Schwarz Jan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Radiative corrections in pole approximation, which are based on the leading contribution in a systematic expansion of amplitudes about resonance poles, naturally decompose into factorizable corrections attributed to the production or decay of the resonance and non-factorizable corrections induced by soft photon (or gluon) exchange between those subprocesses. In this paper we complete an earlier calculation of mixed QCD × electroweak corrections of $$\mathcal{O}\left({\alpha }_{{\text{s}}}\alpha \right)$$ to the neutral-current Drell-Yan cross section in pole approximation by including the previously neglected corrections that are solely related to the Z-boson production process. We present numerical results both for differential distributions and for the forward-backward asymmetry differential in the lepton-pair invariant mass, which is the key observable in the measurement of the effective weak mixing angle at the LHC. Carefully disentangling the various types of factorizable and non-factorizable corrections, we find (as expected in our earlier work) that the by far most important contribution at $$\mathcal{O}\left({\alpha }_{{\text{s}}}\alpha \right)$$ originates from the interplay of initial-state QCD corrections and electroweak final-state corrections.
Strong Duality Data of Type A and Extended T-Systems
Authors: Naoi Katsuyuki 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe extended T-systems are a number of relations in the Grothendieck ring of the category of finite-dimensional modules over the quantum affine algebras of types $$A_n^{(1)}$$

A
n

(
1
)

and $$B_n^{(1)}$$

B
n

(
1
)

, introduced by Mukhin and Young as a generalization of the T-systems. In this paper we establish the extended T-systems for more general modules, which are constructed from an arbitrary strong duality datum of type A. Our approach does not use the theory of q-characters, and so also provides a new proof to the original Mukhin–Young’s extended T-systems.
Reproductive inefficiency and increased behavioral variation are associated with large group size in the orchid bee, Euglossa dilemma
Authors: Saleh N. W. , Delva J. , Ramírez S. R. , Kapheim K. M. , Chouvenc T. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOrchid bees are the only corbiculate bee lineage that is not obligately eusocial. However, multiple species of orchid bee show facultative sociality, with reproductive division of labor and a social hierarchy effectively enforced by oophagy. Orchid bee species differ in the degree of reproductive skew in social groups, as well as the rigidity of social roles. In the orchid bee Euglossa dilemma, previous observation of social groups of two or three individuals found that reproductive skew was complete, with one clear dominant individual that ate and replaced each subordinate laid egg. Here, we compare patterns of egg laying and egg-replacement between typical social nests of 2–3 individuals and larger social nests of 4–5 individuals. We find a striking difference in the reproductive behavior of colonies of varying group size; larger nests exhibit more reproductive inefficiency and conflict over the dominant social position, characterized by repeated oophagy and slower egg replacement. Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that group size in E. dilemma may be limited by the ability of dominant bees to keep up with egg replacement. We discuss the possible causes and consequences of observed behavioral variation and its implications for understanding social behavior in orchid bees.
The modified Hardinge approach is not inferior to trochanteric flip osteotomy for Pipkin type IV femoral head fractures: a comparative study in 40 patients
Authors: Chen I-Jung , Chou Ying-Chao , Lai Po-Ju , Hsu Yung-Heng , Yu Yi-Hsun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To compare the modified Hardinge approach and trochanteric flip osteotomy for the treatment of Pipkin type IV femoral head fractures.

Methods
This retrospective study included 40 patients who underwent surgical treatment for Pipkin type IV femoral head fractures between 2011 and 2020 and completed at least 1 year of follow-up. The clinical outcome of the Merle d’Aubigné-Postel score and radiological outcomes, including the quality of the fracture reduction, osteonecrosis of the femoral head, posttraumatic osteoarthritis, and heterotopic ossification, were compared between the two groups. Conversion to total hip replacement was recorded as the main outcome measure, analyzed by Kaplan–Meier curve and log-rank test.

Results
Nineteen and 21 patients were treated using the modified Hardinge approach (Group A) and trochanteric flip osteotomy (Group B), respectively. The estimated surgical blood loss was significantly higher in Group B (500.00 ± 315.44 mL vs. 246.32 ± 141.35 mL; P = 0.002). Two patients in Group B complained of discomfort caused by the trochanteric screws and requested implant removal. Radiographic outcomes did not differ significantly between the two groups. Clinical outcomes assessed using the Merle d’Aubigné-Postel score 1 year after injury were nearly identical (P = 0.836). Four (21.1%) patients in Group A and three (14.3%) patients in Group B underwent conversion to total hip replacement during the follow-up period; the log-rank test showed no significant difference (P = 0.796).

Conclusions
The modified Hardinge approach resulted in reduced blood loss, with clinical and radiological outcomes similar to those of trochanteric osteotomy; thus, it is an acceptable alternative to trochanteric flip osteotomy.
Entropy and Thermodynamic Temperature in Nonequilibrium Classical Thermodynamics as Immediate Consequences of the Hahn–Banach Theorem: I. Existence
Authors: Feinberg Martin , Lavine Richard B. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe Kelvin–Planck statement of the second law of thermodynamics is a stricture on the nature of heat receipt by any body suffering a cyclic process. It makes no mention of temperature or of entropy. Beginning with a Kelvin–Planck statement of the Second Law, we show that entropy and temperature—in particular, existence of functions that relate the local specific entropy and thermodynamic temperature to the local state in a material body—emerge immediately and simultaneously as consequences of the Hahn–Banach theorem. The existence of such functions of state requires no stipulation that their domains be restricted to equilibrium states. Further properties, including uniqueness, are addressed in a companion paper.
Right ventricular to pulmonary artery coupling in patients with different types of aortic stenosis undergoing TAVI
Authors: Steffen Julius , Lux Melanie , Stocker Thomas J. , Kneidinger Nikolaus , Löw Kornelia , Doldi Philipp M. , Haum Magda , Fischer Julius , Stolz Lukas , Theiss Hans , Rizas Konstantinos , Braun Daniel , Orban Martin , Peterß Sven , Hausleiter Jörg , Massberg Steffen , Deseive Simon 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) for aortic stenosis (AS) has long been disregarded. We aimed to assess the predictive value of RV to pulmonary artery coupling (RV/PAc), defined as tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion to systolic pulmonary artery pressure, on mortality in different flow types of AS after TAVI.

Methods
All patients undergoing TAVI for AS at our centre between 2018 and 2020 were assessed; 862 patients were analysed. The cohort was dichotomized using a ROC analysis (cut-off 0.512 mm/mmHg), into 429 patients with preserved and 433 patients with reduced RV/PAc.

Results
Reduced RV/PAc was associated with male sex and a higher rate of comorbidities. Short-term VARC-3 endpoints and NYHA classes at follow-up were comparable. Reduced RV/PAc was associated with higher 2-year all-cause mortality (35.0% [30.3–39.3%] vs. 15.4% [11.9–18.7%], hazard ratio 2.5 [1.9–3.4], p < 0.001). Cardiovascular mortality was almost tripled. Results were consistent after statistical adjustment and in a multivariate model.
Sub-analyses of AS flow types revealed lower RV/PAc in classical and paradoxical low-flow low-gradient AS, with the majority having reduced RV/PAc (74% and 59%). RV/PAc retained its predictive value in these subgroups.

Conclusions
RV dysfunction defined by low RV/PAc is a strong mortality predictor after TAVI independent of flow group. It should be incorporated in future TAVI risk assessment.

Graphical abstract
From rare events to systematic data collection: the RESCUED registry for sudden cardiac death in the young in Germany
Authors: Barkauskas Renaldas , Jenewein Tina , Scheiper-Welling Stefanie , Wilmes Verena , Niess Constanze , Petzel-Witt Silvana , Reitz Alexandra , Gradhand Elise , Falagkari Anastasia , Papathanasiou Maria , Wakili Reza , Leistner David M. , Vasseur Jessica , Göbel Jens , Storf Holger , Toennes Stefan W. , Kettner Matthias , Verhoff Marcel A. , Beckmann Britt-Maria , Kauferstein Silke , Corvest Eva 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Approximately one-third of sudden cardiac deaths in the young (SCDY) occur due to a structural cardiac disease. Forty to fifty percent of SCDY cases remain unexplained after autopsy (including microscopic and forensic-toxicological analyses), suggesting arrhythmia syndromes as a possible cause of death. Due to the possible inheritability of these diseases, blood relatives of the deceased may equally be carriers of the causative genetic variations and therefore may have an increased cardiac risk profile. A better understanding of the forensic, clinical, and genetic data might help identify a subset of the general population that is at increased risk of sudden cardiac death.

Study design
The German registry RESCUED (REgistry for Sudden Cardiac and UnExpected Death) comprises information about SCDY fatalities and clinical and genetic data of both the deceased and their biological relatives. The datasets collected in the RESCUED registry will allow for the identification of leading causes of SCDY in Germany and offer unique possibilities of scientific analyses with the aim of detecting unrecognized trends, risk factors, and clinical warning signs of SCDY. In a pilot phase of 24 months, approximately 180 SCDY cases (< 50 years of age) and 500 family members and clinical patients will be included.

Conclusion
RESCUED is the first registry in Germany collecting comprehensive data of SCDY cases and clinical data of the biological relatives reviewed by cardiac experts. RESCUED aims to improve individual risk assessment and public health approaches by directing resources towards early diagnosis and evidence-based, personalized therapy and prevention in affected families.
Trial registration number (TRN): DRKS00033543.

Graphical abstract