bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complete Genome Sequence of Mycobacterium intracellulare Clinical Strain MOTT-64, Belonging to the INT1 Genotype
Authors: Kim Byoung-Jun , Choi Beom-Soon , Lim Jong-Sung , Choi Ik-Young , Kook Yoon-Hoh , Kim Bum-Joon 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT

Here, we report the complete genome sequence of the
Mycobacterium intracellulare
clinical strain MOTT-64, previously grouped into the INT1 genotype among five genotypes of
M. intracellulare
. This genome sequence will serve as a valuable reference for understanding the disparity in the virulence and epidemiologic traits among
M. intracellulare
genotypes.
Genome Sequence of the Mycobacterium abscessus Strain M93
Authors: Choo Siew Woh , Wong Yan Ling , Yusoff Aini Mohamed , Leong Mee Lian , Wong Guat Jah , Ong Chia Sui , Ng Kee Peng , Ngeow Yun Fong 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT

Mycobacterium abscessus
is a rapid-growing species of nontuberculous mycobacteria that is frequently associated with opportunistic infections in humans. We report herein the draft genome sequence of
M. abscessus
strain M93.
Genome Sequence of the Nitroaromatic Compound-Degrading Bacterium Burkholderia sp. Strain SJ98
Authors: Kumar Shailesh , Vikram Surendra , Raghava Gajendra Pal Singh 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT

We report the 7.85-Mb genome sequence of
Burkholderia
sp. strain SJ98, isolated from agricultural fields of Assam, India. The draft genome of this strain will be helpful in studying the genetic pathways involved in the degradation of aromatic compounds.
Whole-Genome Sequence of Klebsiella pneumonia Strain LCT-KP214
Authors: Guo Yinghua , Cen Zhong , Zou Yuanqiang , Fang Xiangqun , Li Tianzhi , Wang Junfeng , Chang De , Su Longxiang , Liu Yan , Chen Yanling , Yang Ruifu , Liu Changting 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT

Klebsiella pneumoniae
is a Gram-negative, nonmotile, encapsulated, lactose-fermenting, facultative anaerobic, rod-shaped bacterium found in the normal flora of the mouth, skin, and intestines. Here we present the fine-draft genome sequence of
K. pneumoniae
strain LCT-KP214, which originated from
K. pneumoniae
strain CGMCC 1.1736.
DIAL: a randomised trial of a telephone brief intervention for alcohol
Authors: Mello Michael J , Baird Janette , Nirenberg Ted D , Lee Christina , Woolard Robert , Longabaugh Richard 
Published: May 2012

BackgroundDecreasing Injuries from ALcohol (DIAL) is a randomised control trial of a telephone brief intervention (BI) with injured emergency department (ED) patients with high-risk alcohol use. Here the authors examine 12-month outcomes of the intervention's effect on alcohol use, alcohol-related injuries and alcohol-related negative consequences.MethodsED research assistants recruited adult injured patients who screened positive for high-risk alcohol use and were to be discharged home. After discharge, all participants received by telephone an assessment of their alcohol use, alcohol-related injuries, and alcohol-related negative consequences and then were randomised to treatment or standard care. Treatment consisted of two telephone sessions of BI focusing on risky alcohol use. Both groups were reassessed after 12 months.ResultsAt 12 months, 249 (89%) participants completed follow-up assessments. After using a log transformation, the difference in alcohol-related injuries between baseline and 12-month follow-up was greater in the BI group than the standard care group (p=0.04); this is an effect size of Cohen's d=0.21. No difference between groups was found when comparing change in alcohol consumption and other alcohol-related negative consequences at 12 months.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that a telephone BI with injured ED patients may decrease alcohol-related injuries. Identifying patients with risky alcohol use in the ED and then subsequently delivering the intervention by telephone after discharge has promise as a model for BI and deserves further study.
Are there differences in injury mortality among refugees and immigrants compared with native-born?
Authors: Norredam Marie , Olsbjerg Maja , Petersen Jorgen H , Laursen Bjarne , Krasnik Allan 
Published: May 2012

BackgroundThe authors studied injury mortality in Denmark among refugees and immigrants compared with that among native Danes.MethodA register-based, historical prospective cohort design. All refugees (n=29 139) and family reunited immigrants (n=27 134) who between 1 January 1993 and 31 December 1999 received residence permission were included and matched 1:4 on age and sex with native Danes. Civil registration numbers were cross-linked to the Register of Causes of Death, and fatalities due to unintentional and intentional injuries were identified based on ICD-10 diagnosis. Sex-specific mortality ratios were estimated by migrant status and region of birth, adjusting for age and income and using a Cox regression model after a median follow-up of 11–12 years.ResultsCompared with native Danes, both female (RR=0.44; 95% CI 0.23 to 0.83) and male (RR=0.40; 95% CI 0.29 to 0.56) refugees as well as female (RR=0.40; 95% CI 0.21 to 0.76) and male (RR=0.22; 95% CI 0.12 to 0.42) immigrants had significantly lower mortality from unintentional injuries. Suicide rates were significantly lower for male refugees (RR=0.38; 95% CI 0.24 to 0.61) and male immigrants (RR=0.24; 95% CI 0.10 to 0.59), whereas their female counterparts showed no significant differences. Only immigrant women had a significantly higher homicide rate (RR=3.09; 95% CI 1.11 to 8.60) compared with native Danes.ConclusionsOverall results were advantageous to migrant groups. Research efforts should concentrate on investigating protective factors among migrants, which may benefit injury prevention in the majority population.
Sickle cell disease is associated with decreased HIV but higher HBV and HCV comorbidities in US hospital discharge records: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Nouraie Mehdi , Nekhai Sergei , Gordeuk Victor R 
Published: May 2012

ObjectiveSome studies suggest that HIV infection progresses slowly in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). The authors aimed to determine the relationships between SCD and HIV infection.MethodsNational Hospital Discharge Survey data from adult African–Americans in the period of 1997–2009 were analysed. The comorbidities of SCD with HIV infections in hospital discharges were analysed. Multiple logistic regression was used to test the association between SCD and HIV. For comparative purposes, the relationships of SCD with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) were also assessed.Results423 431 records were divided into two time periods 1997–2003 (53% of records) and 2004–2009 (47% of records). The frequency of HIV diagnosis was lower in patients with SCD (1.5% vs 3.3% in patients without SCD). In logistic regression, SCD diagnosis was associated with an OR of 0.24 (95% CI 0.18 to 0.32) for HIV diagnosis in the first period and with an OR of 0.31 (95% CI 0.22 to 0.42) in the second period. In contrast, SCD was associated with higher risk of HCV (OR=2.01, 95% CI 1.56 to 2.59 in the first period and OR=2.12, 95% CI 1.71 to 2.63 in the second period). SCD was also associated with a higher risk of HBV (OR=1.15, 95% CI 0.72 to 1.83 in the first period and OR=1.82, 95% CI 1.24 to 2.68 in the second period).ConclusionsThe lower risk of HIV comorbidity, but not HCV and HBV, with SCD is consistent with the possibility that SCD has a unique effect in altering the risk of HIV infection or progression. Investigation of how the haemolytic and immunological changes of SCD influence HIV might lead to new therapeutic or preventive approaches.
CD27 Signaling Increases the Frequency of Regulatory T Cells and Promotes Tumor Growth
Authors: Claus Christina , Riether Carsten , Schürch Christian , Matter Matthias S. , Hilmenyuk Tamara , Ochsenbein Adrian F. 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
Signaling of the TNF receptor superfamily member CD27 activates costimulatory pathways to elicit T- and B-cell responses. CD27 signaling is regulated by the expression of its ligand CD70 on subsets of dendritic cells and lymphocytes. Here, we analyzed the role of the CD27–CD70 interaction in the immunologic control of solid tumors in Cd27-deficient mice. In tumor-bearing wild-type mice, the CD27–CD70 interaction increased the frequency of regulatory T cells (Tregs), reduced tumor-specific T-cell responses, increased angiogenesis, and promoted tumor growth. CD27 signaling reduced apoptosis of Tregs in vivo and induced CD4+ effector T cells (Teffs) to produce interleukin-2, a key survival factor for Tregs. Consequently, the frequency of Tregs and growth of solid tumors were reduced in Cd27-deficient mice or in wild-type mice treated with monoclonal antibody to block CD27 signaling. Our findings, therefore, provide a novel mechanism by which the adaptive immune system enhances tumor growth and may offer an attractive strategy to treat solid tumors. Cancer Res; 72(14); 3664–76. ©2012 AACR.
Farnesyl pyrophosphate is an endogenous antagonist to ADP-stimulated P2Y12 receptor-mediated platelet aggregation
Authors: Högberg Carl , Gidlöf Olof , Deflorian Francesca , Jacobson Kenneth , Abdelrahman Aliaa , Müller Christa , Olde Björn , Erlinge David 
Published: May 2012

SummaryFarnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) is an intermediate in cholesterol biosynthesis, and it has also been reported to activate platelet LPA (lysophos-phatidic acid) receptors. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of extracellular FPP in platelet aggregation. Human platelets were studied with light transmission aggregometry, flow cytometry and [35S]GTPγS binding assays. As shown previously, FPP could potentiate LPA-stimulated shape change. Surprisingly, FPP also acted as a selective insurmountable antagonist to ADP-induced platelet aggregation. FPP inhibited ADP-induced expression of P-selectin and the activated glycoprotein (Gp)IIb/IIIa receptor. FPP blocked ADP-induced inhibition of cAMP accumulation and [35S]GTPγS binding in platelets. In Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing the P2Y12 receptor, FPP caused a right-ward shift of the [35S]GTPγS binding curve. In Sf9 insect cells expressing the human P2Y12 receptor, FPP showed a concentration-dependent, although incomplete inhibition of [3H]PSB-0413 binding. Docking of FPP in a P2Y12 receptor model revealed molecular similarities with ADP and a good fit into the binding pocket for ADP. In conclusion, FPP is an insurmountable antagonist of ADP-induced platelet aggregation mediated by the P2Y12 receptor. It could be an endogenous antithrombotic factor modulating the strong platelet aggregatory effects of ADP in a manner similar to the use of clopidogrel, prasugrel or ticagrelor in the treatment of ischaemic heart disease.
Changes in von Willebrand factor-cleaving protease (ADAMTS-13) in patients with aortic stenosis undergoing valve replacement or balloon valvuloplasty
Authors: Elmariah Sammy , Aledort Louis , Dlott Jeffrey , Stelzer Paul , Halperin Jonathan , Kini Annapoorna , Sharma Samin , Bander Jeffrey 
Published: May 2012

SummaryIt was the objective of this study to determine whether reduced cleavage of von Willebrand factor (VWF) multimers following aortic valve replacement (AVR) is a consequence of reduced shear stress or postoperative changes in VWF cleavage protease (ADAMTS-13) activity. Aortic stenosis (AS) may be complicated by acquired von Willebrand disease. Aortic valve replacement (AVR) corrects the associated haematologic abnormalities. We enrolled 114 patients with severe AS scheduled for either balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV; n=64) or AVR (n=50). Haematologic assessments of VWF levels and activity and ADAMTS-13 were performed before and 24 hours after valve intervention. The VWF:RCo to VWF:Ag ratio, a surrogate for large VWF multimer activity, increased by 37% (p < 0.0001) after AVR and by 10% (p = 0.0002) after BAV. ADAMTS-13 activity significantly decreased after AVR (579 ± 127 to 468 ± 135 ng/ml; p<0.0001), but not after BAV (484 ± 153 to 529 ± 185 ng/ml; p = 0.10). By multivariable analysis, the change in VWF:RCo ratio after AVR was more strongly associated with the fall in ADAMTS-13 than with reduction of valve gradient; whereas the change in gradient better predicted the rise in VWF:RCo after BAV. In conclusion, both BAV and AVR reverse the haematological abnormalities of the acquired von Willebrand syndrome of AS and ADAMTS-13 levels decrease after AVR. These findings suggest that a portion of the haematologic benefit of AVR may be due to a postoperative decline in ADAMTS-13 rather than solely to relief of AS as previously thought.
Roles of Purinergic Receptor P2Y, G Protein–Coupled 12 in the Development of Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E–Deficient Mice
Authors: Li Ding , Wang Yanhua , Zhang Lin , Luo Xinping , Li Jian , Chen Xuejin , Niu Haixia , Wang Kemin , Sun Yueping , Wang Xuefeng , Yan Yan , Chai Weiran , Gartner T. Kent , Liu Junling 
Published: May 2012

Objective—
The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of purinergic receptor P2Y, G protein–coupled 12 (P2Y12), an ADP receptor, in the development of atherosclerotic lesions.

Methods and Results—

Apolipoprotein E–null mice were crossed with
P2y12
−/−
mice to generate double knockout mice. The double knockout mice and the control apolipoprotein E–null mice were fed a high-fat diet for 20 weeks. Assessment of the atherosclerotic lesions in the control and double knockout mice demonstrated that P2Y12 deficiency caused a diminished lesion area, an increased fibrous content at the plaque site, and decreased monocyte/macrophage infiltration of the lesions. Polymerase chain reaction studies revealed that white blood cells do not express significant levels of P2Y12. Bone marrow transplantation experiments confirmed that P2Y12 expressed on platelets is a key factor responsible for atherosclerosis, but do not exclude a role of smooth muscle cell P2Y12. Supernatant fluid from activated
P2y12
+/+
but not
P2y12
−/−
platelets was capable of causing monocyte migration. In vitro studies showed that platelet P2Y12 deficiency suppressed platelet factor 4 secretion and P-selectin expression. Further work demonstrated that platelet P2Y12, through inhibition of the cAMP/protein kinase A pathway, critically regulates the release of platelet factor 4, and thereby affects monocyte recruitment and infiltration.

Conclusion—
These results demonstrate that P2Y12 modulates atherogenesis, at least in part by augmenting inflammatory cell recruitment via regulation of platelet α-granule release.
ABO Blood Group and von Willebrand Factor Levels Partially Explained the Incomplete Penetrance of Congenital Thrombophilia
Authors: Cohen William , Castelli Christel , Alessi Marie-Christine , Aillaud Marie-Françoise , Bouvet Sophie , Saut Noémie , Brunet Dominique , Barthet Marie-Christine , Tregouet David-Alexandre , Lavigne Géraldine , Morange Pierre-Emmanuel 
Published: May 2012

Objective—
We aimed to study the association among ABO blood group, von Willebrand factor, factor VIII plasma levels, and the risk of venous thrombosis (VT) in a cohort of 1774 relatives from 500 families with inherited thrombophilia.

Methods and Results—
One hundred sixty-one of the 1774 relatives had a VT. Different risk groups were formed: no, low-(factor V Leiden or F2G20210A heterozygous carriers), and high-risk thrombophilia (antithrombin, protein C, protein S, factor V Leiden, or F2G20210A homozygous carriers and combined defects). Compared with group O, AB blood group was associated with increased risk of VT: hazard ratio (HR)=3.8 (2.0–7.2). The effect of blood group A and B was milder (HR=1.6 [1.1–2.5] and 1.8 [1.0–3.3], respectively). An increased risk of VT was observed with increasing levels of von Willebrand factor and factor VIII plasma levels (HR=2.96 [1.92–4.56] and HR=2.60 [1.92–4.56] for third versus first tertile of von Willebrand factor and factor VIII plasma levels, respectively). In multivariate analysis, AB group (HR=2.3 [1.1–4.8]), high-risk thrombophilia (HR=2.8 [1.6–4.6]), and high von Willebrand factor levels (HR=2.3 [1.3–4.0]) were significantly associated with increased risk of VT. The risk of VT in individuals with high-risk thrombophilia and AB group was 14.4× higher than in those without thrombophilia and O group (5.0–41.4).

Conclusion—
ABO blood group modifies the risk of VT in families with hereditary thrombophilia. Phenotyping of the ABO blood group should be performed to better assess the risk of VT in asymptomatic individuals from thrombophilic families.
Endoluminal Gingival Fibroblast Transfer Reduces the Size of Rabbit Carotid Aneurisms via Elastin Repair
Authors: Durand Eric , Fournier Benjamin , Couty Ludovic , Lemitre Mathilde , Achouh Paul , Julia Pierre , Trinquart Ludovic , Fabiani Jean Noel , Seguier Sylvie , Gogly Bruno , Coulomb Bernard , Lafont Antoine 
Published: May 2012

Objective—
Matrix metalloproteinase-9 is considered to play a pivotal role in aneurismal formation. We showed that gingival fibroblasts (GF) in vitro reduced matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity via increased secretion of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1. We aimed to evaluate in vivo the efficacy of GF transplantation to reduce aneurism development in a rabbit model.

Methods and Results—

Seventy rabbit carotid aneurisms were induced by elastase infusion. Four weeks later, GF, dermal fibroblast, or culture medium (DMEM) were infused into established aneurisms. Viable GF were abundantly detected in the transplanted arteries 3 months after seeding. GF engraftment resulted in a significant reduction of carotid aneurisms (decrease of 23.3% [
P
<0.001] and 17.6% [
P
=0.01] of vessel diameter in GF-treated arteries, 1 and 3 months after cell therapy, respectively), whereas vessel diameter of control DMEM and dermal fibroblast–treated arteries increased. GF inhibited matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity by tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 overexpression and matrix metalloproteinase-9/tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 complex formation, induced elastin repair, and increased elastin density in the media compared with DMEM-treated arteries (38.2 versus 18.0%;
P
=0.02). Elastin network GF-induced repair was inhibited by tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 blocking peptide.

Conclusion—
Our results demonstrate that GF transplantation results in significant aneurism reduction and elastin repair. This strategy may be attractive because GF are accessible and remain viable within the grafted tissue.
Magnetic Versus Manual Catheter Navigation for Ablation of Free Wall Accessory Pathways in Children
Authors: Kim Jeffrey J. , Macicek Scott L. , Decker Jamie A. , Kertesz Naomi J. , Friedman Richard A. , Cannon Bryan C. 
Published: May 2012

Background—
Transcatheter ablation of accessory pathway (AP)–mediated tachycardia is routinely performed in children. Little data exist regarding the use of magnetic navigation (MN) and its potential benefits for ablation of AP-mediated tachycardia in this population.

Methods and Results—

We performed a retrospective review of prospectively gathered data in children undergoing radiofrequency ablation at our institution since the installation of MN (Stereotaxis Inc, St. Louis, MO) in March 2009. The efficacy and safety between an MN-guided approach and standard manual techniques for mapping and ablation of AP-mediated tachycardia were compared. During the 26-month study period, 145 patients underwent radiofrequency ablation for AP-mediated tachycardia. Seventy-three patients were ablated with MN and 72 with a standard manual approach. There were no significant differences in demographic factors between the 2 groups with a mean cohort age of 13.1±4.0 years. Acute success rates were equivalent with 68 of 73 (93.2%) patients in the MN group being successfully ablated versus 68 of 72 (94.4%) patients in the manual group (
P
=0.889). During a median follow-up of 21.4 months, there were no recurrences in the MN group and 2 recurrences in the manual group (
P
=0.388). There were no differences in time to effect, number of lesions delivered, or average ablation power. There was also no difference in total procedure time, but fluoroscopy time was significantly reduced in the MN group at 14.0 (interquartile range, 3.8–23.9) minutes compared with the manual group at 28.1 (interquartile range, 15.3–47.3) minutes (
P
<0.001). There were no complications in either group.

Conclusions—
MN is a safe and effective approach to ablate AP-mediated tachycardia in children.
Low Dietary Vitamin D Predicts 34-Year Incident Stroke
Authors: Kojima Gotaro , Bell Christina , Abbott Robert D. , Launer Lenore , Chen Randi , Motonaga Heather , Ross G. Webster , Curb J. David , Masaki Kamal 
Published: May 2012

Background and Purpose—
Vitamin D deficiency has been reported to contribute to the risk of cardiovascular disease, especially stroke. We examined the relationship between dietary vitamin D intake and 34-year incident stroke.

Methods—
The Honolulu Heart Program is a prospective population-based cohort study of 8006 Japanese-American men in Hawaii who were 45 to 68 years old at the baseline examination in 1965 to 1968. Dietary vitamin D intake was calculated using the Nutritionist IV Version 3 software from a 24-hour dietary recall. Subjects with prevalent stroke were excluded, leaving 7385 men followed through 1999 for incident stroke. Subjects were divided into quartiles of dietary vitamin D for analyses.

Results—

During 34 years of follow-up, 960 subjects developed stroke. Age-adjusted rates of incident stroke were significantly higher in the lowest dietary vitamin D quartile compared with the highest (all stroke: 6.38 versus 5.14 per 1000 person-years follow-up,
P
=0.030; thromboembolic stroke: 4.36 versus 3.30,
P
=0.033). Using Cox regression, adjusting for age, total kilocalories, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, pack-years smoking, physical activity index, serum cholesterol, and alcohol intake, those in the lowest quartile had a significantly increased risk of incident stroke (all stroke hazard ratio, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.01–1.47;
P
=0.038; thromboembolic stroke hazard ratio, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.01–1.59;
P
=0.044) with the highest as the reference. We found no significant associations between dietary vitamin D and hemorrhagic stroke.

Conclusions—
Low dietary vitamin D intake was an independent risk factor for 34-year incidence of all stroke and thromboembolic stroke in Japanese-American men. Additional research is needed on vitamin D supplementation to prevent stroke.
Multiple Cognitive Abilities from a Single Cortical Algorithm
Authors: Forwood Suzanna E. , Cowell Rosemary A. , Bussey Timothy J. , Saksida Lisa M. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractOne strong claim made by the representational–hierarchical account of cortical function in the ventral visual stream (VVS) is that the VVS is a functional continuum: The basic computations carried out in service of a given cognitive function, such as recognition memory or visual discrimination, might be the same at all points along the VVS. Here, we use a single-layer computational model with a fixed learning mechanism and set of parameters to simulate a variety of cognitive phenomena from different parts of the functional continuum of the VVS: recognition memory, categorization of perceptually related stimuli, perceptual learning of highly similar stimuli, and development of retinotopy and orientation selectivity. The simulation results indicate—consistent with the representational–hierarchical view—that the simple existence of different levels of representational complexity in different parts of the VVS is sufficient to drive the emergence of distinct regions that appear to be specialized for solving a particular task, when a common neurocomputational learning algorithm is assumed across all regions. Thus, our data suggest that it is not necessary to invoke computational differences to understand how different cortical regions can appear to be specialized for what are considered to be very different psychological functions.