bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of alternative fuels on the emissions of a passenger car under real-world driving conditions: A comparison of biodiesel, gas-to-liquid, coal to liquid
Authors: Zhang Yunhua , Zheng Sen , Lou Diming , Tan Piqiang , Hu Zhiyuan , Fang Liang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Fossil fuel energy crisis and environmental pollution have initiated the scientific research on alternative fuels. Biodiesel (B100), gas to liquid (G100) and coal to liquid (C100) are superb selections to be substitutes for conventional diesel. To better investigate the emission characteristics of the alternative fuels mentioned above, a portable emission measurement system (PEMS) was used to carry out this study under real-world driving conditions. Results showed that the driving conditions had a notable effect on the vehicle emissions, the CO, THC and CO2 emissions were higher under urban condition and the NOx, PM (particle mass) and PN (particle number) emissions were higher under suburban condition. The expressway condition resulted in lower emissions except for PN due to more nucleation particles emitted. The use of B100, G100 and C100 fuels led to a reduction of more than 50% in the CO emission, especially for the C100, but the reduction effects for the THC were not obvious, and among them, G100 is the most prominent. Higher NOx emission was emitted after using the three fuels, especially for the B100, meanwhile, B100 increased the CO2, but G100 and C100 decreased the CO2 emission compared with D100. The PN emissions reduced by 1–2 orders of magnitude in comparison with those from D100 after using the three alternative fuels, and more than 50% of the PM could be reduced. B100 has the most significant particle reduction effect due to its oxygen-containing property, and it produced an evidently higher proportion of nucleation particles than D100, followed by G100 and C100.
Sequential Condition Evolved Interaction Knowledge Graph for Traditional Chinese Medicine Recommendation
Authors: Zhuo Hankz Hankui , Liu JIngjin , Jin Kebing , Yuan Jiamin , Yang Zhimin , Yao Zheng-an 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The ancient art of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is distinguished by its extensive annals of utilizing nature's botanical emissaries to ameliorate a diverse array of pathological conditions. In practice, TCM diagnosis and treatment exhibit a pronounced degree of personalization and an organically holistic approach, necessitating a comprehensive consideration of the patient's evolving physiological and symptomatic states over temporal domains. However, existing methods for TCM recommendation represent a flaw in accounting for the dynamic oscillations in patients' conditions, instead restricting their explorations to potential correlative patterns between symptomatic presentations and prescribed remedies.
In this paper, we propose a novel Sequential Condition Evolved Interaction Knowledge Graph (SCEIKG), an innovation framework that conceptualizes the method as a sequential prescription-making problem by considering the inherent dynamism of patients' conditions across multiple diagnoses. Furthermore, we incorporate an interaction knowledge graph to enhance the accuracy of recommendations by considering the intricate interplay between various herbs and patients' states. Experimental results on the real-world dataset demonstrate that our approach outperforms existing TCM recommendation methods, achieving state-of-the-art performance.
NSUN2 promotes osteosarcoma metastasis via stabilizing UBE2S mRNA in an m5C-dependent manner
Authors: Wang Zhong , Chen Yu , Liu Liwen , Li Chao , Chen Cheng , Zhang Guizhen , Song Dong , Cui Guang , Ren Zhigang , Ranran Sun 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

5- methylcytosine (m5C) is a prevalent posttranscriptional RNA modification which participates in the initiation and progression of various cancers. NSUN2 is the main RNA methyltransferase import for catalyzing the m5C formation. However, its regulatory role and potential mechanism in osteosarcoma remain unclear. Here, we demonstrated that the NSUN2 expression was markedly upregulated in osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines. Clinically, increased NSUN2 expression was associated with poor prognosis. Functional studies revealed that NSUN2 significantly promoted metastasis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in osteosarcoma. Mechanistically, integrated analysis based on RNA sequencing and expression correlation analysis identified UBE2S as a target downstream gene of NSUN2, while NSUN2 enhanced UBE2S mRNA stabilization in an m5C-dependent manner. More importantly, UBE2S overexpression reversed the inhibition of cell invasion and EMT induced by NSUN2 knockdown. Moreover, UBE2S interacted with and ubiquitinated β-catenin, enhancing its stability and activation. Interestingly, osteosarcoma patients with dual-high expression of NSUN2 and UBE2S exhibited shorter overall survival. In summary, our study revealed that NSUN2 facilitated metastasis by enhancing the UBE2S/β-catenin axis, suggesting a potential therapeutic approach for osteosarcoma.
Solvent extraction of lithium from brines with high magnesium/lithium ratios; Investigation on parameter interactions
Authors: Kia Anahita Kazemi , Mortaheb Hamid Reza , Salehi Mahsa Baghban , Nozaeim Ali Asghar 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Solvent extraction of lithium from brine with a high Mg/Li ratio was investigated. Tributyl phosphate (TBP), ferric chloride (FeCl3), and kerosene were used as the extractant, co-extractant, and diluent, respectively. The mechanism of extraction process was studied by LC-MS, UV-VIS, and FT-IR analyses. Effects of organic to aqueous phase volume ratio (O/A) on the extraction efficiency and separation factor were optimized. The effects of major parameters including Fe/Li molar ratio, hydrochloric acid concentration, and TBP volume percent as well as their interactions on the lithium extraction efficiency were evaluated using central composite design. These major parameters represent interactions within their selected ranges. While the lithium extraction efficiency as the resposense value in the experimental design showed the most sensivity to the acid concentration, the separation factors were more affected by alteration in the TBP volume percent with the fixed optimum values of the other major parameters. The highest one-stage extraction efficiency of 76.3% and Li/Mg separation factor of 304 were obtained at the optimum conditions of Fe/Li= 2.99, HCl=0.01 M, and TBP= 55%. The Mg/Li mass ratio could be significantly reduced from 192 in the feed to 1.5 in the stripping solution. Based on the findings, a schematic diagram of the process including extraction, stripping, and saponification steps was proposed.
Sharenting: risks and awareness when parents publish sensitive content of their children on online platforms
Authors: Conti Maria Giulia , Parco Fabiola Del , Pulcinelli Francesca Maria , Mancino Enrica , Petrarca Laura , Nenna Raffaella , Mattia Greta Di , Matera Luigi , Regina Domenico Paolo La , Bonci Enea , Caruso Cinthia , Midulla F 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background The term "sharenting’' describes the increasingly popular habit of parents to share photos, videos, or other information regarding their children on their social profiles, through online platforms. It is highly likely that many parents are posting content about their underage children online with little knowledge of the risks associated with this practice. This study aims to investigate whether variables such as parents’ age, gender, marital status, occupation and educational level influence the practice of sharing child-related content and the degree of awareness.Methods We performed a pilot cross-sectional study, based on an anonymous questionnaire. An anonymous questionnaire was administered to parents of underage children attending the pediatric outpatient clinic of the Umberto I Hospital, Sapienza University, in Rome, by researchers, through the google forms platform; qualitative variables were generated on excel sheets and a statistical analysis was performed on SPSS Ibm-statistics using the chi-square test.Results 228 parents of children under 18 years of age completed the questionnaire (82% mothers, 18% fathers); 98% of the respondents used social media and 75% of them published their children’s related content online. Thirty-one percent of the compilers started their practice of sharenting in the first 6 months of life of their child. Our analysis showed that compared to parents who do not post online, parents who usually post online their children are significantly more likely to be partial employees or unemployed (p = 0,002), with lower educational level (p = 0,05), younger (less than 35 years of age (p = 0,01)) and have a high number of followers (p < 0,001). Finally, 93% of the compilers were not aware of the current legislation and of the risks related to the practice of sharenting.Conclusions Pediatricians, healthcare assistants and preventive healthcare professionals should play a central role in alerting parents and families to the risks of sharenting; the results of our study could draw their attention to the increasing practice of sharenting and make healthcare professionals active part in the protection of children.
Transcriptome analysis of Aeromonas hydrophila infected Channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus)
Authors: Li Xiaoyi , chen feng , Kong Jie , Shang Baodi , li zhengyou , Du Qiang , Zhang Xiaoping , Shen Xiaodong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Ictalurus punctatus are introduced species and successfully farmed freshwater fish in China. With the intensive farming of Ictalurus punctatus and water quality deterioration, the bacterial diseases have become a great concern of the industry. Nonetheless, data pertaining to molecular immunological responses, which could elucidate critical genetic information pertinent to the control and prevention of Aeromonas hydrophila infections, remain deficient for the species Ictalurus punctatus. In this investigation, we conducted a comparative analysis of transcriptomic alterations within the hepatic, cephalic renal, and splenic tissues of Ictalurus punctatus following exposure to A. hydrophila and phosphate buffer solution (PBS) as a mock infection at the 24-hour post-infection mark. In total, 2043, 2145, 2708 genes were up-regulated and 1797, 1753, 2669 genes were down-regulated in the liver, head kidney and spleen, respectively. GO and KEGG analysis showed that many DEGs were significantly enriched in immune terms, including immune system, immune diseases, signal transduction. 10 DEGs were selected for qRT-PCR analysis to validate the RNA-seq data and confirmed the consistency of the expression levels.This investigation offers an enhanced comprehension of the gene expression profile and the dynamic immunological response of Ictalurus punctatus following infection with A. hydrophila. Such insights will contribute to future research endeavors aimed at developing preventative strategies for Ictalurus punctatus.
Probabilistic deployment pathways of scaling up distributed green hydrogen systems for urban residential communities in North America
Authors: Zhong Lexuan , Wu You 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

In the context of the firm and enthusiastic development of renewable-based distributed energy systems, high-profit household collaboration strategies are widely recognized as essential for scaling up decentralized green hydrogen systems in urban residential communities. Here we develop bottom-up energy models linking climate, human behavior, and community characteristics to assess the cost-effective impacts of system deployment pathways on community green hydrogen systems for 7 North American climate zones in the 2030 ~ 2050 periods. Despite lower energy costs in moderate climate zones compared to hot and cold zones, a consistent pattern in deployment pathway impacts on costs is observed across all zones. The study underscores the critical role of selecting the right deployment pathway for urban decarbonization, with potential cost discrepancies of up to 60% between optimal and suboptimal options. Furthermore, energy storage demands significantly influence energy costs, emphasizing the need to prioritize increased energy storage in pathway design.
Impact of an in-consult patient decision aid on decisional quality, involvement, and health outcome for patients with severe hip or knee osteoarthritis – a study protocol for a multicentre, cluster randomised controlled trial (PATI-study)
Authors: Pedersen Trine Ahlmann , Lindberg-Larsen Martin , Jensen Charlotte Myhre , Timm Signe , Steffensen Karina Dahl , Varnum Claus 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) of the hip or knee is a widespread joint disease, often leading to replacement surgery. However, despite the high success rate of replacement surgery, some patients fail to experience the intended benefits. Given the importance of patient involvement, this trial aims to assess the effect of shared decision-making (SDM) on decisional quality for patients with severe OA. Specifically, it investigates whether an in-consult patient decision aid (PtDA) enhances decisional quality, involvement, and health outcomes for patients with severe hip or knee OA.
Methods: This protocol outlines a pragmatic two-armed multicentre cluster-randomised controlled trial (C-RCT) involving 19 orthopaedic surgeons randomised 1:1, stratified by centre, to either continue standard consultations or SDM with a newly developed in-consult PtDA. This trial intends to recruit 615 patients diagnosed with severe OA in their hip or knee. Surveys measuring decisional quality and disease-specific and generic health outcomes will be sent out at multiple time points: one-week post-consultation and three and 12 months post-consultation or post-surgery. The primary outcome (decisional quality) will be measured using the Hip/Knee OA Decision Quality Instrument and assessed based on the percentage of patients who are well-informed and receive their preferred treatment. The secondary outcomes include patient involvement in the decision-making process and consultation durations. The tertiary outcomes include patients’ satisfaction, regret and health-related outcomes.
Discussion: This study aims to contribute insights into the use of SDM facilitated by a PtDA and its impact on improving decisional quality for future patients with hip or knee OA.
Trial registration: www.ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05972525), Data of registration: 06.08.2023
Pathways to Sustainable Aviation: Aligning Flight Plans with Climate Goals
Authors: Simorgh Abolfazl , Soler Manuel 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis exploring the potential of climate-friendly flight planning as an operational measure to mitigate the aviation sector’s climate impact. The analysis considers the effects induced by CO2 emissions and the most relevant non-CO2 forcing agents, including NOx emissions and contrail-cirrus. We demonstrate that the effectiveness of flight planning in mitigating climate impact is closely tied to daily meteorological conditions, serving as an important indicator. Therefore, smart adoption of climate-optimal trajectories, i.e., rerouting only under conditions where large climate benefits are achievable, effectively mitigates climate impact while maintaining operational feasibility through minimal changes to standard operations. Our analysis for the year 2022 indicates highly variable mitigation potential across different days, with a clear trade-off w.r.t. the operating cost. Seasonal variation in potential climate benefits is considerable, with summer showing the lowest potential and autumn the highest, linked to the likelihood of contrail formation. The findings suggest that flight planning is most effective at mitigating the climate impact of contrails, whereas reducing other non-CO2 impacts, including NOx-induced effects, tends to be costlier and necessitates extensive rerouting. Our work offers aviation policymakers a clearer understanding of the potential climate benefits achievable through flight planning and its associated implications.
Enhanced Electrochemical Performance of P(VDF-HFP)/PVAc Based Composite Polymer Electrolytes with Spherical Shaped ZrO2 Nano ceramic for Lithium-Ion Battery Applications
Authors: Chanderasekaran J.H. Rakini , Arun Lija , Arumugam Jagadeesan , Kesavan Karthikeyan , Ayyamperumal John Samuel , Moorthy Sasikumar , Selvam Vijayashree 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) are a promising substitute, offering benefits such as improved energy density and safety compared to liquid electrolytes. However, low ionic conductivity, poor mechanical strength, weak interfacial contact, and electrode metal corrosion may still be critical problems in SPEs. Here, a composite solid polymer electrolyte (CSPE) is prepared using the standard solution casting technique, incorporating P(VDF-HFP)-PVAc-LiTFESI-EC with hydrothermally derived spherical ZrO2 as a passive ceramic filler. Notably, incorporating 5wt % ZrO2 in the SPEs leads to a notable twofold increase in ionic conductivity compared to bare SPE. This improvement is mainly attributed to ZrO2 facilitating Li+ migration channels and immobilizing free anions, likely by suppressing the crystallinity of the bare SPE and its Lewis acid-base nature. Additionally, CSPE demonstrates high mechanical strength, excellent thermal stability, a wide electrochemical window, and favorable electrolyte affinity. This promising material is well-suited for developing robust and efficient electrolytes for various applications.
The effect of ultrasound-guided ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve block for elective open inguinal herniorrhaphy under local anesthesia: two randomized controlled trials
Authors: Yin Feng , Yang Shiwei , Gao Fang , Yu Hai , Wang Yong , Liu Fei 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of ultrasound-guided ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve (IIN/IHN) block for peri-operative analgesia in open inguinal herniorrhaphy (OIH) under local infiltration anesthesia (LIA) compared with no block (IIN/IHN 1 trial) and transmuscular quadratus lumborum block (QLB) (IIN/IHN 2 trial).
Methods
In the IIN/IHN 1 study, 88 subjects were randomized to receive an IIN/IHN block or no block before surgery. In the IIN/IHN 2 study, IIN/IHN block or transmuscular QLB were given to 108 subjects before surgery. All blocks used 30 ml of 0.33% ropivacaine, and patients received LIA during surgery in both studies. The primary outcome was the pain score at the dissociation of the preperitoneal space during surgery, which was assessed using a Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) in both studies.
Results
In the IIN/IHN 1 study, compared to the no-block group, the IIN/IHN group exhibited clinically reduced NRS scores at dissociation of the preperitoneal space (P = 0.004), clinically lower dynamic NRS scores at 6 h postoperatively, greater surgeon satisfaction, greater patient satisfaction and a lower incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (P<0.05). In the IIN/IHN 2 study, the NRS scores at the dissociation of the preperitoneal space were equivalent between the two groups (P = 0.517). Subjects in the IIN/IHN group had a shorter duration of surgery and a faster onset time of block than did those in the QLB group (P<0.05). There were no differences between the groups for the other endpoints.
Conclusions
Compared to no block, ultrasound-guided IIN/IHN block can provide better peri-operative analgesia for OIH patients underwent LIA. Moreover, the IIN/IHN block and transmuscular QLB are equivalent in providing peri-operative analgesia in OIH patients with LIA.
Trial registration:
http://www.chictr.org.cn , ChiCTR 2200056670, Date: February 10, 2022 for IIN/IHN trials.
The relationship between strength of central muscles, coordination, stability and fundamental movement scores in females with flatfeet: a cross-sectional study
Authors: ghrbani maryam , Yaali Rasoul , Sadeghi Hassan , Koumantakis George A 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Changing in the structure of the sole of the foot, including increasing or decreasing its arch, is one of the factors that expose the foot to injuries caused by physical activities. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to determine the relationship between strength of central muscles, coordination, stability and functional movement scores in females with flexible flatfeet.
Methods: Ninety-six female students between the ages of 18 and 25 voluntarily participated in this study. The Navicular Drop Test was used to evaluate the longitudinal arch of the foot. The participants were classified into flexible flatfeet (n=25) and normal feet (n=71) groups. Fundamental movement evaluated by the Functional Movement Screening Test (FMS); static balance using the Sharpened-Romberg test; dynamic balance using Y-test; Agility and coordination using 4×9-m shuttle run; endurance of the abdominal muscles and lumbar spine extensor muscles using respectively Partial curl-up and maintaining the plank position, were evaluated.
Results: The results of the independent t-test and Mann-Whitney U test showed a significant difference between the two groups in functional movement, abdominal muscle endurance, static balance and lumbar extensor muscle endurance variables (p≤0.05). In the normal feet group, a significant correlation was found between functional movements with abdominal muscle endurance, dynamic balance and agility.
Conclusion: the deformity of flexible flatfeet lead to deficiencies in people's health, movement performance and motor skill-related factors; therefore, according to this study, patients should be aware of this potential deficiency and paying attention to appropriate rehabilitation exercises for the conservative treatment of flexible flatfeet.
Rapid increase of C/EBPα p42 induces growth arrest of AML cells by Cop1 deletion in Trib1-expressing AML
Authors: Nakamura Takuro , Sunami Yoshitaka , Yoshino Seiko , Yamazaki Yukari , Iwamoto Takashi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Cop1 encodes a ubiquitin E3 ligase that has been well preserved during evolution in both plants and metazoans. In metazoans, the C/EBP family transcription factors are targets for degradation by Cop1, and this process is regulated by the Tribbles pseudokinase family. Over-expression of Tribbles homolog 1 (Trib1) induces acute myeloid leukemia (AML) via Cop1-dependent degradation of the C/EBPa p42 isoform. Here, we induced rapid growth arrest and granulocytic differentiation of Trib1-expressing AML cells using a Cop1 conditional knockout (KO), which is associated with a transient increase in the C/EBPa p42 isoform. The growth-suppressive effect of Cop1 KO was canceled by silencing of Cebpa and reinforced by exogenous expression of the p42 isoform. Moreover, Cop1 KO improved the survival of recipients transplanted with Trib1-expressing AML cells. We further identified a marked increase in Trib1 protein expression in Cop1 KO, indicating that Trib1 is self-degraded by the Cop1 degradosome. COP1 downregulation also inhibits the proliferation of human AML cells in a TRIB1-dependent manner. Taken together, our results provide new insights into the role of Trib1/Cop1 machinery in the C/EBPa p42-dependent leukemogenic activity, and a novel idea to develop new therapeutics.