bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
QUANTITATIVE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CONSUMPTION AND EXCRETION BY LARVAE OF PSEUDALETIA UNIPUNCTA (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE)
Authors: Mukerji M. K. , Guppy J. C. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractHigh correlations between food consumption and excretion in terms of dry matter, calories, lipids, and nitrogen were obtained during the larval stages of Pseudaletia unipuncta (Haw.). The regression coefficients for this relationship in terms of dry matter did not differ significantly from those of calories; this leads to the hypothesis that the ratio of food consumption and excretion in terms of dry matter in a particular larval instar provides an estimate of caloric intake.
A SYNOPSIS OF THE ALBIPENNIS–LILLOOET–DECLARATA SERIES OF THE GENUS EUXOA (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF A NEW SPECIES AND A NEW SUBSPECIES
Authors: Hardwick D. F. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractDiagnostic characters of Euxoa albipennis (Grt.), E. lillooet McD., E. declarata (Wlk.), and E. campestris (Grt.) are discussed. Euxoa rockburnei and E. declarata californica are described as new species and new subspecies, respectively. Adults and genitalia of the constituents of the series are illustrated and a key to species is presented.
TWO NEW AMERICAN BRUCHIDS IN THE SORDIDUS GROUP OF STATOR (COLEOPTERA: BRUCHIDAE) WITH NOTES ON OTHER SPECIES
Authors: Bottimer L. J. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractStator vachelliae new species is described from Texas, Mexico, El Salvador, and Venezuela and S. mexicanus new species is described from San Luis Potosi, Mexico. Stator usticolor (Sharp) and S. semicolon (Sharp) NEW COMBINATIONS have been determined as belonging to the sordidus complex. The following rearing records are recorded: S. vachelliae and S. subaeneus (Schaeffer) from Acacia farnesiana and S. mexicanus from Acacia cornigera.
THE ROLE OF PARASITES IN THE CONTROL OF THE EUROPEAN CORN BORER, OSTRINIA NUBILALIS (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE), IN SOUTHWESTERN ONTARIO
Authors: Wressell H. B. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractSurveys, from 1948 to 1964, showed that parasites were of minor importance in controlling the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner), in extreme southwestern Ontario. Of the three species that became established, Lydella grisescens Robineau-Desvoidy was the most widespread and the most important. Eriborus terebrans (Gravenhorst) showed considerable buildup in parts of Essex County after discovery there in 1957, and Sympiesis viridula (Thomson) was found widely dispersed, but low in density, throughout the survey area. There is an indication that parasites might be of greater importance in areas where the second-generation borer is increasing.
NEW SPECIES AND RECORDS OF NEW WORLD MICROPEPLINAE (COLEOPTERA: STAPHYLINIDAE)
Authors: Campbell J. M. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractTwo new species, Micropeplus volcanus from Mexico and M. smetanai from British Columbia, are described and illustrated. New distributional and habitat data are given for nine other species of the subfamily. The male genitalia of Kalissus nitidus Leconte and Peplomicrus acumen (Sharp) are illustrated for the first time. A revised key to the New World species of the genus Micropeplus is presented.
RESPONSE OF MELANOTUS COMMUNIS (COLEOPTERA: ELATERIDAE) LARVAE TO SOIL TEMPERATURE AND MOISTURE
Authors: Shepard Merle 
Published: December 2009

AbstractMelanotus communis (Gyllenhal) larvae were introduced into temperature gradient columns containing moist or dry organic soil. In other experiments certain sections of the columns contained moist soil while soil in the remaining sections was dry.Moist soil caused M. communis larvae to aggregate at higher temperature levels (24 °C) whereas dry soil evoked a positive response to the coolest level (10 °C). Cool (10 °C), moist sections attracted most of the wireworms while sections containing moisture at the highest temperature level caused a bimodal pattern of aggregation with M. communis larvae moving to both cool–dry or hot–moist conditions.Differences in geotactic responses by M. communis larvae did not occur when the column was positioned vertically or horizontally.
A METHOD FOR REARING OVERWINTERING LARVAE OF WINTHEMIA OCCIDENTIS (DIPTERA: TACHINIDAE), A PARASITE OF THE EASTERN HEMLOCK LOOPER
Authors: Otvos Imre S. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractWinthemia occidentis Rhn. was introduced into Newfoundland to strengthen the parasite complex of the eastern hemlock looper. This tachinid has two emergence periods, one in the fall, the other in the following spring. A method was developed for rearing overwintering tachinid larvae to the adult stage. The best rearing results were obtained when the larvae were stored outdoors in jars of peat moss for the fall and winter period and removed to controlled temperature and humidity conditions in the spring, to complete development.
THE EFFECT OF MALE TRYPODENDRON LINEATUM (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE) ON THE RESPONSE OF FIELD POPULATIONS TO SECONDARY ATTRACTION
Authors: Nijholt W. W. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe strong attractiveness of logs infested with female ambrosia beetles, Trypodendron lineatum (Oliv.), to the flying population was sharply reduced after the addition of males. The field response of T. lineatum was greatly reduced when air from logs infested with attractive females was mixed with air passing over logs infested with both sexes. The findings suggest that females keep producing the attracting principle in the presence of males. Males appear to reduce secondary attraction by producing a volatile substance(s) which may be anti-aggregating or repellent in its effect.
SPERMATOPHORE FORMATION AND SPERM TRANSFER IN THE DESERT LOCUST, SCHISTOCERCA GREGARIA (ORTHOPTERA: ACRIDIDAE)
Authors: Pickford R. , Padgham D. E. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractSperm transfer in the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria (Forsk.), is accomplished by means of small (1.5 mm) spermatophores, formation of the first of which begins almost immediately after coupling. A normal copulation, which lasts 4 hours or longer, results in the production of about 6 spermatophores and a maximum of at least 14. Some details of the process of spermatophore formation are presented and differences among certain groups of acridoids are discussed.
EFFECTS OF AN INSECT GROWTH REGULATOR WITH HIGH JUVENILE HORMONE ACTIVITY ON THE APTEROUS FORM OF THE POTATO APHID, MACROSIPHUM EUPHORBIAE (HEMIPTERA: APHIDIDAE)
Authors: Benskin J. , Perron J. M. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of a novel insect growth regulator (IGR) with juvenile hormone activity. Tests show the third instar to be the stage most sensitive to the regulator based on reduction of fecundity throughout inhibition of normal adult development. Effective control in most stages was for the first time brought about within the realm of economic feasibility. The IGR could be of value in future control of aphid populations.
AMERICAN SPECIES OF DIORYCTRIA (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE): IV. THE SCHUETZEELLA GROUP AND THE TAXONOMIC STATUS OF THE SPRUCE CONE MOTH
Authors: Mutuura Akira , Munroe Eugene 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe spruce cone moth, identified as Dioryctria reniculella (Grote) by Heinrich and other authors, is described as D. reniculelloides n. sp. This and D. pseudotsugella Munroe form a compact group closely related to the European D. schuetzeella Fuchs. These three species are characterized. D. reniculella is sunk as a junior synonym of D. abietivorella (Grote), new synonymy.
CONTROL OF EGG FERTILIZATION BY NASONIA VITRIPENNIS (HYMENOPTERA: PTEROMALIDAE) WHEN LAYING ON PARASITIZED HOUSE FLY PUPAE
Authors: Wylie H. G. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractFemales of Nasonia vitripennis (Walk.) lay a smaller percentage of fertilized (i.e. female) eggs on house fly, Musca domestica L., pupae previously parasitized by their own species, by Muscidifurax zaraptor K. & L., or by Spalangia cameroni Perk. (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) than on unparasitized hosts. They respond to changes in the fly pupae associated with death, and in the case of house flies attacked by N. vitripennis, to "venoms" injected at that time or to changes unrelated to death. By not fertilizing eggs that they lay on attacked hosts, the females also conserve sperm, for immature N. vitripennis on previously-attacked fly pupae are usually killed by parasite larvae already present.
THE NEUROENDOCRINE ORGANS OF LARVAE OF NEODIPRION LECONTEI, N. SWAINEI, AND DIPRION HERCYNIAE (HYMENOPTERA: DIPRIONIDAE)
Authors: Hinks C. F. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractLarvae and eonymphs of the diprionid sawflies Neodiprion lecontei (Fitch), Neodiprion swainei Midd., and Diprion hercyniae (Htg.) were dissected and stained to demonstrate the nervous system and endocrine organs. Morphologically and anatomically the endocrine organs in both larvae and eonymphs of all three species are very similar. The cephalic structures comprise lateral and medial neurosecretory cells in the brain which discharge their secretions through a single pair of nerves (NCC) to the corpora cardiaca. The NCC divide before they enter the corpora cardiaca sending a branch to the corresponding corpus allatum. No other nervous connections with these organs are apparent.Paired neurohaemal organs occur in each thoracic segment, forming distinct dilations on slender nerves arising from the ventral cord connectives. They receive secretions from groups of lateral neurosecretory cells in the thoracic ganglia.Each abdominal ganglion has three neurohaemal organs associated with it, a single small spherical structure antero-medially, and paired lateral organs of a diffuse structure, overlying the base of each segmental nerve. They are less conspicuous than the thoracic organs and have different staining properties.
A NUMERICAL TAXONOMIC ANALYSIS OF THE EVOLUTIONARY RELATIONSHIPS OF BOMBUS AND PSITHYRUS (APIDAE: HYMENOPTERA)
Authors: Plowright R. C. , Stephen W. P. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe question of whether the evolutionary origin of the parasitic bumble bees (Psithyrus Lep.) was monophyletic or polyphyletic has not been convincingly resolved by conventional systematics. In this study numerical taxonomic (NT) analysis was applied to data on wing venation from a set of 13 species of Psithyrus and 60 species of non-parasitic bumble bees (Bombus Latr.), representing 16 of the subgeneric divisions recognized by Richards. The resultant cluster analysis gave an almost perfect grouping of the constituent Bombus species into their ’correct’ subgenera. This was taken as evidence that the NT procedure had yielded discriminant criteria of evolutionary significance. Since the same criteria also produced a single grouping of the Psithyrus species, the results support a monophyletic origin for Psithyrus.
INSECT DEVELOPMENTAL INHIBITORS: EFFECT OF REDUCTION AND DELAY CAUSED BY JUVENILE HORMONE MIMICS ON THE PRODUCTION OF WINGED MIGRANTS OF MYZUS PERSICAE (HEMIPTERA: APHIDIDAE) ON PEACH TREES
Authors: Tamaki George 
Published: December 2009

AbstractInsect developmental inhibitors applied to colonies of the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer), on peach trees in early May reduced the production of winged migrants as much as 75% and delayed migration for as long as 15 days. However, these compounds affected mainly the alatoid nymphs and not the reproductive adults; therefore, apterous aphids would be available as prey to the natural enemies that are present on peach trees in the spring. A reduction in the number of aphid migrants and a delay in their migration from peach trees would result in a subsequent reduction in the number of aphids produced on diseased secondary hosts and a delay in the migration of these aphids to host crops. In most cases, this would result in an increase in yield and an economic gain to the growers.
TAXONOMIC METHODS: RELATIVE WEIGHTS APPLIED TO CHARACTERS BY CLASSICAL TAXONOMISTS IN THE GENUS IPHISEIUS BERLESE (ACARINA: PHYTOSEIIDAE)
Authors: Hansell Roger I. C. , Chant D. A. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractConflicting taxonomic decisions by classical systematists in the genus Iphiseius are examined against a numerical model. The relative weights given to characters are estimated by the amount each character must be changed to minimally permit each classical taxonomic decision. In the genus Iphiseius the taxonomic disagreements are due to heavy weighting of different small sets of characters based on groupings of historically prior clustering cycles.
NEW SPECIES OF LEPTOHYPHINAE FROM MEXICO AND CENTRAL AMERICA (EPHEMEROPTERA: TRICORYTHIDAE)
Authors: Allen Richard K. , Brusca Richard C. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractDescriptions and figures are presented for Leptohyphes dicinctus, L. melanobranchus, L. brunneus, L. consortis, L. ferruginus, L. hispidus, L. lestes, L. lumas, L. pilosus, L. spiculatus, Tricorythodes notalus, and T. ulmeri from Mexico and Central America.
THE DISPERSAL OF THE INTRODUCED PARASITE LOPHYROPLECTUS LUTEATOR (HYMENOPTERA: ICHNEUMONIDAE) FOLLOWING ITS RELEASE AGAINST NEODIPRION SERTIFER (HYMENOPTERA: DIPRIONIDAE) IN ONTARIO
Authors: Griffiths K. J. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractLophyroplectus luteator (Thunb.), a European ichneumonid, has been established as a parasite of Neodiprion sertifer (Geoff.) from a release made in 1962, and has dispersed approximately 12 miles (19.3 km) in the 7 years following introduction. A second, smaller release in the same year failed. In a third release, made in 1964, recoveries were made every year until sampling was stopped in 1971, but dispersal has only been approximately 2 miles (3.2 km).
ASPECTS OF THE BIOLOGY OF THREE SPECIES OF THE GENUSRHANTUS(COLEOPTERA: DYTISCIDAE) WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE ACOUSTICAL BEHAVIOR OF TWO
Authors: Smith Robert L. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractTwo of three species of the genusRhantusstudied were found to produce sounds while in water. Sound production by both sexes ofR.gutticollisandR.binotatusoccurs in a behavioral context of emigration, whileR.atricolordoes not produce waterborne sounds. Elevated temperature, absence of suitable bottom substrate, and high densities were effective stimuli for sound production by’ the two acoustically active species. The sounds were analyzed and a mechanism previously described as being involved in preflight warm-up of the thoracic musculature was found responsible for sound production in water. Possible functions of acoustical behavior are discussed, and new information on some aspects of the habitat ecology and general behavior of adults of the three species is provided.
REMARKS ABOUT MANSINGH'S AND MÜLLER'S CLASSIFICATIONS OF DORMANCIES IN INSECTS
Authors: Thiele H. U. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractIn answer to Mansingh’s criticism the value of Müller’s system of dormancies is emphasized. It gives especially a clear differentiation between the obligatory dormancy called parapause, which is under the control of only one environmental factor, and the facultative eudiapause, where different factors are working respectively as inducing and terminating. The carabid beetles are an example that illustrates that no narrow correlation can be found between the distribution of dormancy types and the climatic zones on the earth they live in.
LABORATORY AND FIELD TESTS WITH BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS AGAINST THE DARK-SIDED CUTWORM, EUXOA MESSORIA (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE), ON TOBACCO
Authors: Cheng H. H. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractLaboratory tests were conducted to determine the susceptibility of the various larval stages of Euxoa messoria (Harris) in Ontario to four commercial preparations of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner: Thuricide® 90TS, Thuricide®-HP, Biotrol® BTB 183, and Dipel. A field test was made to determine whether these preparations could be as effective as Dursban® (O,O-diethyl O-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl phosphorothioate) for control of this species when applied on the rye cover crop in spring.In laboratory tests first to third instar larvae that fed on rye leaves treated with all four B. thuringiensis preparations, were found to be susceptible regardless of the rates applied. Mortality of fourth to seventh instar larvae fed treated tobacco leaves was low. Thuricide 90TS and Biotrol BTB 183 as applied in the field for control of E. messoria populations were relatively ineffective as compared with Dursban.
EFFETS DE LA PHOTOPERIODE ET DES TEMPERATURES MOYENNES DE 15 °C SUR LA FECONDITE ET LA PRODUCTION DES SEXUES CHEZ LE PUCERON DU POIS, ACYRTHOSIPHON PISUM (APHIDIDAE: HOMOPTERA)
Authors: Sharma M. L. , Larrivée J. M. , Thériault L. M. 
Published: December 2009

RésuméLa fécondité du puceron du pois Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) diminue au fur et à mesure que l’on diminue la photopériode journalière, ceci étant maximal à 16 heures de photopériode (55 ± 10 sur la variété Lincoln et de 74 ± 15 sur la variété Perfection du pois) à 15 °C.Le déterminisme des sexes semble s’effectuer entre les photopériodes de 12 heures et 14 heures, le seuil critique de changement de sexe étant situé à 13 heures et 17 minutes chez A. pisum. Maximum de mâles (57 à 63%) sont produits entre 13 heures 4 minutes et 13 heures 36 minutes. Un maximum de 90.5% de femelles ovipares a été produit à 12 heures 10 minutes de photopériode.
SEXUAL BEHAVIOR IN THE GENUS PLEUROPOMPHA LECONTE: A NEW MATING DISPLAY IN BLISTER BEETLES (COLEOPTERA: MELOIDAE)
Authors: Pinto John D. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractDistinguishing features of male courtship behavior in Pleuropompha include the performance of all acts including genital presentation from a position completely off and behind the female (posterior position), and the occurrence of a unique non-tactual display termed antennal fanning. Non-receptive females frequently react to antennal fanning with an equally distinct rejection response. The communicant manifested through male display is unknown. Preliminary observations suggest that fanning is perceived by the female’s antennae. Vision does not appear to play a significant role.Male courtship in Pleuropompha differs from that of any other genus of Meloidae studied. It corresponds most closely to the behavior of certain species of the nominate subgenus of Epicauta, E. puncticollis in particular. In this species a persistent posterior position also occurs and the antennae of the male are also employed in display, although in this case display is overtly tactual.
THE FORAGING AND TENDING BEHAVIOR OF DOLICHODERUS TASCHENBERGI (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE)
Authors: Burns Denver P. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe foraging and tending behavior of the ant Dolichoderus taschenbergi (Mayr) was studied for 5 years in southwestern Pennsylvania. The ant used well-defined foraging trails and avidly collected honeydew from tuliptree scales, pine aphids, and less abundant sources. The ants increased the survival rate of tuliptree scales from 8.2 to 46.8%, probably by interfering with the activities of parasites and predators.
RELATIONSHIP OF SPATIAL DENSITY OF SPRAY DROPLET TO FREQUENCY OF CONTACT BY EUROPEAN RED MITE (ACARINA: TETRANYCHIDAE)
Authors: Fisher R. W. , Menzies D. R. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe behaviour of individual adult female European red mites was observed on peach leaf discs sprayed with different numbers of 200 micron droplets of nigrosine dye solution, nigrosine plus Carzol miticide, and nigrosine plus dicofol. On nigrosine and Carzol deposits, the relationship between the number of contacts and the number of stains was linear, but the addition of Carzol reduced the slope of the line. Tests of stains containing dicofol were intermediate to those of nigrosine and Carzol.
EARLY DIFFERENTIAL MORTALITY IN NEODIPRION SERTIFER (HYMENOPTERA: DIPRIONIDAE)
Authors: Lyons L. A. , Sullivan C. R. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractIn Neodiprion sertifer (Geoff.), mortality is greater in males than in females in the egg stage and probably also among early larvae, but in the late larval period females are more susceptible. The evidence consists of the difference in mortality between all-male and mixed (male + female) colonies, as well as the relationship of secondary sex ratio to preceding mortality and the number of survivors per colony. The effect of differential mortality on estimation of the primary sex ratio is discussed.
MANAGEMENT OF MEGACHILE ROTUNDATA IN NORTHWESTERN CANADA FOR POPULATION INCREASE
Authors: Pankiw P. , Siemens B. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractStudies on population increase of the alfalfa leafcutter bee (Megachile rotundata Fabr.) were conducted in northern areas of Alberta and British Columbia (lat. 55°N. to 58°30′N.). Polyethylene shelters with one side open, placed over the domiciles, raised domicile daytime temperatures by 4°–10 °C, increased the duration of activity and the pollinating range of the bees, and resulted in an increased number of cocoons. Population increase was 2–5 times greater when hives and shelters faced south than when they faced east or west. Within a shelter bees also preferred hives with southern exposure. Movement of domiciles in mid-season for distances of 150 m or more caused a reduction in bee populations. Bees preferred wood to polystrene nesting material, old to new material, and surface stained material with patterns to unstained material. Severe mould development in polystrene nesting material affected development of larvae and emergence of pupae. Since population increase of M. rotundata, by utilization of polyethylene shelters and by proper directional orientation, is successful, re-establishment of a major alfalfa industry in northwestern Canada is now possible.
THE IDENTIFICATION AND ORIGIN OF THE STRAINS OF THE LARCH SAWFLY, PRISTIPHORA ERICHSONII (HYMENOPTERA: TENTHREDINIDAE), IN NORTH AMERICA
Authors: Wong Horne R. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThis study identifies and presents a key to five strains of the larch sawfly, Pristiphora erichsonii (Hartig), which are designated Aweme, Fernie, Ambleside, Thirlmire, and Salzburg.Aweme and Fernie strains occur only in North America and Salzburg strain is confined to Eurasia. Two Eurasian strains, Ambleside and Thirlmire, were accidentally introduced into Canada from England by 1913 among cocoons shipped for the release of the parasite Mesoleius tenthredinis Morley. It is postulated that the ancestors of Aweme-Salzburg strains Fernie–Thirlmire strains dispersed across the Bering Land Bridge into North America some time in the Miocene. These phyletic lines evolved into distinct Eurasian and North American strains. Early infestations in North America apparently consisted of North American strains, while later outbreaks have consisted primarily of the recently introduced Eurasian strains.
A YELLOW PUPAL BODY, SEX-LINKED MUTANT IN THE TOBACCO BUDWORM, HELIOTHIS VIRESCENS (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE)
Authors: Proshold F. I. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA sex-linked mutant of the tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens (F.), has been isolated. The wild-type pupae are brown, and the mutant pupae are yellow-bodied. The mutant (yb) could aid in sexing large numbers of tobacco budworms since > 98% of the female pupae from ± ♀ × yb/yb ♂ are yellow but all male pupae are brown. Data on mating frequency, fertility, and F1 survival of six mating types between ± or yb females and yb/yb, ±/yb, or ±/± males indicate that selection favors the wild-type genotype. When heterozygous males were crossed with either female genotype, the effect on fertility was similar to that produced by homozygous mutant males. Also, when heterozygous males were crossed with mutant females the effect on mating was similar to that produced by homozygous males. However, when heterozygous males were crossed with wild-type females, mating frequency was intermediate between that of the homozygous mutant and that of the homozygous wild-type. Survival of larvae from mutant females was lower than survival of larvae from wild-type females.