bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of ROS and KEAP1‐related genes and verified targets of α‐hederin induce cell death for CRC
Authors: Wang Gang , Zhu Zhi‐Min , Wang Kun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this study, we analyzed and verified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in ROS and KEAP1 crosstalk in oncogenic signatures using GEO data sets (GSE4107 and GSE41328). Multiple pathway enrichment analyses were finished based on DEGs. The genetic signature for colorectal adenocarcinoma (COAD) was identified by using the Cox regression analysis. Kaplan–Meier survival and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were used to explore the prognosis value of specific genes in COAD. The potential immune signatures and drug sensitivity prediction were also analyzed. Promising small‐molecule agents were identified and predicted targets of α‐hederin in SuperPred were validated by molecular docking. Also, expression levels of genes and Western blot analysis were conducted. In total, 48 genes were identified as DEGs, and the hub genes such as COL1A1, CXCL12, COL1A2, FN1, CAV1, TIMP3, and IGFBP7 were identified. The ROS and KEAP1‐associated gene signatures comprised of hub key genes were developed for predicting the prognosis and evaluating the immune cell responses and immune infiltration in COAD. α‐hederin, a potential anti‐colorectal cancer (CRC) agent, was found to enhance the sensitivity of HCT116 cells, regulate CAV1 and COL1A1, and decrease KEAP1, Nrf2, and HO‐1 expression significantly. KEAP1‐related genes could be an essential mediator of ROS in CRC, and KEAP1‐associated genes were effective in predicting prognosis and evaluating individualized CRC treatment. Therefore, α‐hederin may be an effective chemosensitizer for CRC treatments in clinical settings.
Plant mass variations of Leymus chinensis (Poaceae) and their relationships with environmental factors on a large‐scale gradient, northeastern China
Authors: Zheng Yuebin , Xue Jing , Lv Yixia , Zhang Chaoxue , Wang Renzhong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBody size (or mass) variations and their relationships with environmental variability have been well documented for many species at the local scale, while the effects of climate, combined with soil nutrients, on plant mass in large‐scale gradient remain unclear. Herein, detailed surveys were conducted to investigate plant mass (PM, aboveground mass per plant) variations of Leymus chinensis and their relationship with environmental factors (e.g., climate, soil nutrient, and microbial diversity) at 18 wild sites along a large‐scale gradient from 114 to 124° E in northeastern China. Based on site‐by‐site analyses, the plant mass of the species varied significantly from east to west along the gradient. It initially increased, peaking at middle sites, and then dropped with the increase of drought in both dry and rainy seasons. Plant mass at the eastern end was almost equal to that at the western end and was equivalent to 1/2 and 1/3 of middle sites. The average plant mass in the rainy season was about 50% greater than that in the dry season (F1,1078 = 489.80, p < .001). The effects of environmental variables on plant mass differed in dry and rainy seasons. Mean annual temperature and temperature seasonality were the critical restrictions of plant mass in the dry season, while temperature and precipitation seasonality and soil resources (total C, Mn, Zn) had significant impacts in the rainy season (p < .05). In general, plant mass had not dropped linearly with the increase of drought along large‐scale gradient, suggesting that precipitation decrease was not the critical restriction regulating the growth and settlement of the species.
Feasibility of using superelastic shape memory alloy in plastic hinge regions of steel bridge columns for seismic applications
Authors: Rahmzadeh Ahmad , Alam M. Shahria 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper contributes to the further development of seismic resilient infrastructure by introducing a novel prototype bridge which integrates tubular steel piers with superelastic shape memory alloy (SMA). The proposed bridge pier is composed of a circular steel tube which is bonded to a superelastic SMA tube in regions of high stress. The pier is distinguished by its ability to minimize residual drifts following inelastic deformations induced by cyclic loading. Three‐dimensional continuum finite element (FE) models are utilized to examine its lateral behavior. Experimental data is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the continuum FE procedure in replicating the cyclic response and capturing both global and localized behaviors. A novel composite material model is proposed to represent the degradation of strength and accumulation of irreversible strains in the cyclic response of superelastic SMAs. An iterative procedure for the calibration of this material is presented. Investigations, employing the calibrated FE procedure, focus on the quasi‐static cyclic response of steel piers with superelastic SMA in the plastic hinge zone, aiming to identify the optimal length of the SMA tube for achieving a self‐centering response with reduced residual deformation. The study is then further expanded to examine the seismic response of a bridge structure incorporating such piers. Development of the FE model for the prototype bridge includes the modelling of the piers using continuum elements, while the superstructure, bearing units, abutment walls, and backfill material are modelled using discrete elements. Nonlinear time history analyses are undertaken to investigate the effects of column wall thickness and materials used in the plastic hinge zones of the piers. Dynamic FE study results indicate that bridges employing such piers are capable of returning to their original position, provided the SMA tube is of adequate length.
Revising the taxonomic status of Isachne henryi S.R. Sriniv. & Sreek. (Poaceae)
Authors: Punchiri Anil Kumar Lekshmi Dhanya , Venugopalan Nair Saradamma Anil Kumar 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIsachne henryi, a species reported from Wayanad district of Kerala is allied to I. miliacea which is currently a synonym of I. globosa. The taxonomic status of I. henryi collected from the type locality has been evaluated and compared with variant accessions of I. globosa. As per reports, the traits that differentiate I. henryi from I. globosa are lanceolate or linear lanceolate leaves up to 8 cm long, 8 mm long pedicels, 9–11 nerved setose hairy glumes, staminate lower floret with 1.5–2 mm long anthers, bisexual upper floret and glabrous palea and lemma. These traits were found to be overlapping with that of I. globosa. The authors explain that I. henryi reported during 1988 could be a misidentification.
Could the YEARS algorithm be applied to evaluate suspected pulmonary embolism in hospitalized women after cesarean section?
Authors: Wu Yuxia , Shan Dan , Chen Qian , Hu Yayi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of the YEARS algorithm for excluding pulmonary embolism (PE) in hospitalized women after cesarean section.MethodsThis retrospective study included postpartum women who gave birth by cesarean section and received computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) because of suspected PE in the obstetric department between 2015 and 2021. We used the YEARS algorithm in these women retrospectively and assessed its performance to evaluate whether the algorithm could be reliably applied in such cases.ResultsIn all, 225 women were included in the study, of whom 29 (12.9%) women were positive for PE according to the results of CTPA. Upon retrospective application of the YEARS algorithm, 188 (83.6%) women had no YEARS items, while 37 (16.4%) women had YEARS items. Combining the results with D‐dimer levels revealed that only 12 (5.3%) women did not need to undergo CTPA, and none showed PE.ConclusionThe YEARS algorithm could be applied to exclude PE in hospitalized women in the early post‐cesarean period. However, the specificity of the YEARS algorithm was very low, and the D‐dimer cut‐off for ruling out PE in women after early cesarean section should be further studied and optimized.
Prevalence threshold and positive predictive value of noninvasive prenatal testing
Authors: Sivakumar Aditi , Balayla Jacques 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveNoninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) has increased the number of conditions that can be screened. However, the prevalence of conditions assessed by NIPT has remained stable. The “prevalence threshold,” a novel epidemiological concept, uses a test's sensitivity and specificity to determine the prevalence below which a test's positive predictive value declines most sharply relative to disease prevalence. In this article, we calculated the prevalence threshold for common conditions assessed through NIPT and compared the value with the actual prevalence of each condition to best ascertain the reliability of NIPT results.MethodsSix databases and PubMed were searched from January 2010 to March 2023 for sensitivity and specificity parameters of common conditions tested through NIPT. Using an equation previously derived by the authors of the current paper, the prevalence threshold for each condition was calculated. The theoretical number of test iterations required to reach the prevalence threshold was also reported.ResultsNone of the conditions tested through the NIPT had a prevalence rate that met or exceeded the calculated prevalence threshold. Trisomy 21 had the greatest concordance between the prevalence rate and the prevalence threshold. In contrast, Angelman, Cri‐du‐chat, and Prader‐Willi syndromes had the most significant discordance. Apart from trisomy 21 and XXY, all remaining conditions required more than one test iteration to reach their respective prevalence threshold.ConclusionWe conclude that at the current prevalence levels, the positive predictive value of NIPT remains low, with the prevalence of disease levels significantly lower than the prevalence threshold for each condition tested.
Duck gut metagenome reveals the microbiome signatures linked to intestinal regional, temporal development, and rearing condition
Authors: Ma Lingyan , Lyu Wentao , Zeng Tao , Wang Wen , Chen Qu , Zhao Jiangchao , Zhang Guolong , Lu Lizhi , Yang Hua , Xiao Yingping 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe duck gastrointestinal tract (GIT) harbors an abundance of microorganisms that play an important role in duck health and production. Here, we constructed the first relatively comprehensive duck gut microbial gene catalog (24 million genes) and 4437 metagenome‐assembled genomes using 375 GIT metagenomic samples from four different duck breeds across five intestinal segments under two distinct rearing conditions. We further characterized the intestinal region‐specific microbial taxonomy and their assigned functions, as well as the temporal development and maturation of the duck gut microbiome. Our metagenomic analysis revealed the similarity within the microbiota of the foregut and hindgut compartments, but distinctive taxonomic and functional differences between distinct intestinal segments. In addition, we found a significant shift in the microbiota composition of newly hatched ducks (3 days), followed by increased diversity and enhanced stability across growth stages (14, 42, and 70 days), indicating that the intestinal microbiota develops into a relatively mature and stable community as the host duck matures. Comparing the impact of different rearing conditions (with and without water) on duck cecal microbiota communities and functions, we found that the bacterial capacity for lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis was significantly increased in ducks that had free access to water, leading to the accumulation of pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic‐resistance genes. Taken together, our findings expand the understanding of the microbiome signatures linked to intestinal regional, temporal development, and rearing conditions in ducks, which highlight the significant impact of microbiota on poultry health and production.
Shame and love in a city high school: Understanding Chinese rural students' narratives of critical world making
Authors: Zhou Xuanya , Kohnen Angela M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this Narrative Inquiry, we share the stories of three Chinese rural students who grew up in a southeastern county in China before moving to the county seat for high school. By inviting our participants to read their own life, we aimed to understand how Chinese rural students make sense of their experience in an exam‐centered school system that seemed to offer them opportunities of upward social mobility but at the same time perpetuated the mindset of rural deficiency. Data analysis shows that the visceral feelings of shame and love played an important role in our participants' critical consciousness about school, allowing them to work within and against school norms to transform a strictly stratified school space. We argue that marginalized youth's storytelling can become a practice of critical literacy, enabling them to construct critical meaning makings in embodied ways.
Formation of partially embedded Au nanostructures: Ion beam irradiation on thin film
Authors: Chaudhary Shivani , Srivastava Vinay K. , Kumar Mukesh , Lakshmi G. B. V. S. , Agarwal D. C. , Ojha Sunil , Kumar Manish , Kumar Tanuj , Pandey Ratnesh K. , Ghosh Santanu , Avasthi D. K. , Yadav R. P. , Singh Ravi S. , Singh Udai B. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe Au partially embedded nanostructure (PEN) is synthesized by ion irradiation on an Au thin film deposited on a glass substrate using a 50 keV Ar ion. Scanning electron microscopy results show ion beam‐induced restructuring from irregularly shaped nanostructures (NSs) to spherical Au NSs, and further ion irradiation leads to the formation of well‐separated spherical nanoparticles. Higuchi's algorithm of surface analysis is utilized to find the evolution of surface morphology with ion irradiation in terms of the Hurst exponent and fractal dimension. The Au PEN is evidenced by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry and optical studies. Also, the depth of the mechanism behind synthesized PEN is explained on the basis of theoretical simulations, namely, a unified thermal spike and a Monte Carlo simulation consisting of dynamic compositional changes (TRIDYN). Another set of plasmonic NSs was formed on the surface by thermal annealing of the Au film on the substrate. Glucose sensing has been studied on the two types of plasmonic layers: nanoparticles on the surface and PEN. The results reveal the sensing responses of both types of plasmonic layers. However, PEN retains its plasmonic behavior as the NSs are still present after washing with water, which demonstrates the potential for reusability.Research Highlights
Synthesis of PENs by ion irradiation
Utilization of Higuchi's algorithm to explore the surface morphology.
Unified thermal spike and TRIDYN simulations being used to explain the results.
Glucose is only used as a test case for reusability of substrate.
Low‐dose decitabine plus venetoclax as post‐transplant maintenance for high‐risk myeloid malignancies
Authors: Parks Katherine , Diebold Kendall , Salzman Donna , Di Stasi Antonio , Al‐Kadhimi Zaid , Espinoza‐Gutarra Manuel , Bhatia Ravi , Jamy Omer 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRelapse remains a major cause of treatment failure following allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo‐SCT) for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). We retrospectively investigated low‐dose decitabine and venetoclax (DEC/VEN) as post‐transplant maintenance in 26 older patients with AML and MDS. The cumulative incidence of day 100 gIII‐IV acute graft versus host disease (GVHD) and 1‐year moderate‐severe chronic GVHD was 5% and 26%, respectively. One patient relapsed 14 m after transplant. The 1‐year non‐relapse mortality and survival were 11% and 84%, respectively. DEC/VEN is a safe and potentially effective strategy to reduce the risk of post‐transplant relapse.
Autophagy‐related protein 5 (ATG5) interacts with bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2 (BST2) to stimulate HBV replication through antagonizing the antiviral activity of BST2
Authors: Li Qingyuan , Wen Wenxian , Wang Yijin , Gong Tao , Wang Xinwei , Tan Qi , Fan Bin , Xie He , Li Yujia , Li Shilin , Yang Chunhui , Zhou Zhonghui , Duan Xiaoqiong , Lin Wenyu , Chen Limin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major global health burden with 820 000 deaths per year. In our previous study, we found that the knockdown of autophagy‐related protein 5 (ATG5) significantly upregulated the interferon‐stimulated genes (ISGs) expression to exert the anti‐HCV effect. However, the regulation of ATG5 on HBV replication and its underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we screened the altered expression of type I interferon (IFN‐I) pathway genes using RT² Profiler™ PCR array following ATG5 knock‐down and we found the bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2 (BST2) expression was significantly increased. We then verified the upregulation of BST2 by ATG5 knockdown using RT‐qPCR and found that the knockdown of ATG5 activated the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK‐STAT) signaling pathway. ATG5 knockdown or BST2 overexpression decreased Hepatitis B core Antigen (HBcAg) protein, HBV DNA levels in cells and supernatants of HepAD38 and HBV‐infected NTCP‐HepG2. Knockdown of BST2 abrogated the anti‐HBV effect of ATG5 knockdown. Furthermore, we found that ATG5 interacted with BST2, and further formed a ternary complex together with HBV‐X (HBx). In conclusion, our finding indicates that ATG5 promotes HBV replication through decreasing BST2 expression and interacting with it directly to antagonize its antiviral function.
Multi‐locus sequence typing indicates multiple strains of Mycoplasma in desert bighorn sheep and aoudad in Texas
Authors: Wright Emily A. , Brugette Georgina G. , Buckert Kai F. , Hernández Froylán , Reed J. Hunter , Wyckoff Sara R. , Taylor Jace C. , Manlove Kezia R. , Phillips Caleb D. , Bradley Robert D. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractEpizootic events of pneumonia, presumably caused by Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae, in bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) have been observed in the western United States and Canada. Until recently, it was thought that populations of Mexican (O. c. mexicana) and Nelson's (O. c. nelsoni) desert bighorn sheep in Texas, USA, had not been exposed to Mycoplasma. Evidence of disease and potential population decline from outbreaks of M. ovipneumoniae are now known from several populations across the Trans‐Pecos Ecoregion with documented instances of pneumonia and bluetongue in desert bighorn sheep from the Van Horn Mountains and Black Gap Wildlife Management Area. These disease events, especially those in 2019–2021, may be a result of increasing populations of aoudad (Ammotragus lervia), an introduced and invasive ungulate, in the region. With large population sizes and similar movement patterns as desert bighorn sheep, aoudad potentially are the reservoirs for bacterial and viral diseases, such as pneumonia and bluetongue, and are possibly contributing to the decline of desert bighorn sheep. Herein, we optimized the multi‐locus sequence typing (MLST) with modifications in the Taq polymerase and annealing temperatures to determine the genetic identity of Mycoplasma strains or species within the nasal passages of desert bighorn sheep and aoudad in the Trans‐Pecos Ecoregion of Texas. Four loci (small ribosomal unit, 16S; 16S‐23S intergenic spacer region, IGS; RNA polymerase B, rpoB; gyrase B, gyrB) were characterized using MLST. Based on results from the modified MLST technique, we identified 9 desert bighorn sheep and 5 aoudad with M. ovipneumoniae, 9 aoudad with bacterial sequences genetically similar to M. conjunctivae, and 10 aoudad with bacterial sequences genetically similar M. hyopneumoniae. Of these, 9 aoudad possessed bacterial sequences genetically similar to both M. conjunctivae and M. hyopneumoniae. Among the 4 diagnostic loci, genetic divergence of M. ovipneumoniae ranged from 0.00–0.90% among desert bighorn sheep and aoudad. Future sampling efforts of seemingly asymptomatic aoudad, and asymptomatic, visibly sick, or deceased desert bighorn sheep, are important to monitor the spread of disease in desert bighorn sheep populations across mountain ranges in western Texas. It is imperative that aoudad removal plans are implemented to reduce and eliminate current infections and putative transmission of M. ovipneumoniae, prevent future disease outbreaks of pneumonia, and ultimately conserve desert bighorn sheep for future generations.
Total knee arthroplasty survival rates are lower in younger men, as well as rheumatoid patients and after previous high‐tibial osteotomy: A registry study
Authors: Pardo Francesco , Bordini Barbara , Salerno Manuela , Castagnini Francesco , Cosentino Monica , Filardo Giuseppe , Traina Francesco 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to investigate if patient's gender significantly affected the long‐term outcome of patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and to provide a cross‐gender comparison of a large patient sample from a single regional register.MethodsThe Registry of Prosthetic Orthopedic Implant of Emilia Romagna (RIPO) investigated all primary TKAs performed from July 2000 to December 2020 by collecting data of men and women separately. Primary bicompartmental and tricompartmental TKAs were included. The survival rates and the reasons for revision were assessed to check if any other factor could have influenced implant failure.ResultsIn total, 66,032 TKAs were included and analysed, comprising 46,774 women and 19,258 men. The 15‐year Kaplan–Meier survival percentage was 93.6% for women and 92.5% for men (p = 0.001). Men exhibited a higher revision risk following primary TKA (p = 0.012), particularly when the primary diagnosis was arthritis resulting from rheumatic disorders (p = 0.018) and arthritis following high‐tibial osteotomy (p = 0.024). Failure risk was also higher for men below the age of 60 years (p = 0.038).ConclusionThe long‐term outcome in TKA showed significant differences between men and women, with a significantly lower survival rate in men at 15 years, especially when they are under 60 years old or with a diagnosis of rheumatic disorders or arthritis following high‐tibial osteotomy. It is necessary to design specific studies to have relevant data concerning gender differences in prosthetic surgery and to customise treatments to improve outcome and patient satisfaction.Level of EvidenceLevel III.