bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prospective pilot study utilizing changes in quantitative values obtained on serial fluorine‐18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18F‐FDG) positron emission tomography–computed tomography (PET/CT) in dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma before and after stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) and carboplatin chemotherapy to assess for prediction of survival and therapeutic effectiveness
Authors: Martin Tiffany W. , Griffin Lynn 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSerial fluorine 18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18F‐FDG) positron emission tomography–CT (PET/CT) is commonly used in human oncology to prognosticate and evaluate for therapeutic effectiveness. In this pilot study, dogs with naturally occurring appendicular osteosarcoma were evaluated with serial 18F‐FDG PET/CT in an attempt to assess for response to therapy, prognostic factors, and appropriateness of imaging intervals. Fourteen dogs were enrolled in the trial. All dogs had the initial 18F‐FDG PET/CT (PET1), with nine dogs having their end‐of‐therapy 18F‐FDG PET/CT (EoT PET) 3 months after stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) to the primary tumor. The median percent change from the PET1 to the EoT PET for the standard uptake value maximum (SUVmax%) was −58% (range: −17 to −88%), metabolic tumor volume (MTV%) was −99.8% (range: −65 to −100%), and total lesion glycolysis (TLG%) was −99.8% (range: −75 to −100%), all of which were significant (P < .05, <.05, and <.05, respectively). On evaluation, it was found that volumes of GTV and CTV were significant for survival (P < .05 and <.05), MTV1, TLG1, and SUVmax on the EoT PET (SUVmaxEoT) were predictive of metastasis (P < .05), and the SUVmax% was significantly correlated to the time to first event (P < .05). Based on this data, serial 18F‐FDG PET/CT performed 3 months after SBRT can show a significant reduction in avidity, and the quantitative data collected may help predict metastatic disease in canine appendicular osteosarcoma.
Further psychometric evaluation of the WOUND‐Q: A responsiveness study
Authors: Gallo Lucas , Rae Charlene , Voineskos Sophocles , Simonsen Nina Vestergaard , Pusic Andrea L. , Poulsen Lotte , Sørensen Jens Ahm , Klassen Anne F. , Cano Stefan J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe WOUND‐Q is a modular patient‐reported outcome measure (PROM) with 13 scales measuring constructs across 4 domains (i.e., wound characteristics, health related quality of life, experience of care and wound treatment). The psychometrics of the WOUND‐Q were previously assessed and the 13 scales evidenced good validity and reliability. However, the responsiveness (i.e., ability to detect clinical change) of the WOUND‐Q has yet to be assessed. The objective of this study was to evaluate responsiveness for 9 WOUND‐Q scales that assess outcomes, in a sample of people 18 years of age or older with chronic wounds that were present for at least 3 months. This study conducted a 4 month follow‐up of 421 participants who completed the WOUND‐Q as part of a previous psychometric study. Participants completed an online survey answering questions about their current wound state (e.g., number, type, size, smell, drainage), anchor questions about change, as well as the WOUND‐Q scales that they had completed in their initial assessment. Pre‐defined hypotheses were tested with a 75% acceptance threshold indicating sufficient evidence of responsiveness. Minimally important differences (MIDs) were also calculated using both anchor‐based and distribution‐based methods. Of 390 invited participants, 320 provided responses, ranging in age from 19 to 84 years. Acceptance of hypotheses ranged from 60% to 100%, with only the Symptom scale not meeting the 75% threshold. The findings of this study provide evidence that the WOUND‐Q can validly measure clinical change in patients with chronic wounds.
Effectiveness of silver diamine fluoride application with atraumatic restorative treatment in arresting the progression of dental caries: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Varughese Anju , Janakiram Chandrashekar , Karuveettil Vineetha , James Anju 
Published: April 2024

Objective:
This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of silver diamine fluoride application along with atraumatic restorative treatment in arresting the progression of dental caries when compared with other caries-arresting treatments in children and adults.

Introduction:
A combination of silver diamine fluoride with atraumatic restorative treatment is a minimally invasive and cost-effective method to treat dental caries. It offers a solution for the progression of caries and restoration of cavitated lesions in both primary and permanent teeth. A comprehensive summary of the evidence will assist dental clinicians and guide subsequent clinical research.

Inclusion criteria:
Randomized controlled trials involving human participants of any age with cavitated dental caries lesions will be included. The intervention arm will evaluate the effectiveness of silver diamine fluoride application with atraumatic restorative treatment in dental caries arrest with a control arm of either atraumatic restorative treatment or silver diamine fluoride application; or composite restoration; or sodium fluoride varnish or a placebo; or a study group with no intervention.

Methods:
Systematic searches for relevant studies will be conducted across multiple databases, including MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane CENTRAL, Dentistry and Oral Sciences Source, CINAHL, and Web of Science. ProQuest Dissertations and Theses and Google Scholar will also be searched for gray literature. The databases will be searched from January 2016 to the present. No restrictions will be imposed on the country of publication. Data appraisal, extraction, and synthesis will follow JBI guidance for systematic reviews of effectiveness. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system will be used to grade the certainty of evidence, and a Summary of Findings will be prepared.

Review registration:
PROSPERO CRD42023426766
Cross‐strata co‐occurrence of ripples with theta‐frequency oscillations in the hippocampus of foraging rats
Authors: Seenivasan Pavithraa , Basak Reshma , Narayanan Rishikesh 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBrain rhythms have been postulated to play central roles in animal cognition. A prominently reported dichotomy of hippocampal rhythms links theta‐frequency oscillations (4–12 Hz) and ripples (120–250 Hz) exclusively to preparatory and consummatory behaviours, respectively. However, because of the differential power expression of these two signals across hippocampal strata, such exclusivity requires validation through analyses of simultaneous multi‐strata recordings. We assessed co‐occurrence of theta‐frequency oscillations with ripples in multi‐channel recordings of extracellular potentials across hippocampal strata from foraging rats. We detected all ripple events from an identified stratum pyramidale (SP) channel. We then defined theta epochs based on theta oscillations detected from the stratum lacunosum‐moleculare (SLM) or the stratum radiatum (SR). We found ∼20% of ripple events (in SP) to co‐occur with theta epochs identified from SR/SLM channels, defined here as theta ripples. Strikingly, when theta epochs were instead identified from the SP channel, such co‐occurrences were significantly reduced because of a progressive reduction in theta power along the SLM‐SR‐SP axis. Behaviourally, we found most theta ripples to occur during immobile periods, with comparable theta power during exploratory and immobile theta epochs. Furthermore, the progressive reduction in theta power along the SLM‐SR‐SP axis was common to exploratory and immobile periods. Finally, we found a strong theta‐phase preference of theta ripples within the fourth quadrant [3π/2 – 2π] of the associated theta oscillation. The prevalence of theta ripples expands the potential roles of ripple‐frequency oscillations to span the continuum of encoding, retrieval and consolidation, achieved through interactions with theta oscillations.
imageKey points
The brain manifests oscillations in recorded electrical potentials, with different frequencies of oscillation associated with distinct behavioural states.
A prominently reported dichotomy assigns theta‐frequency oscillations (4–12 Hz) and ripples (120–250 Hz) recorded in the hippocampus to be exclusively associated with preparatory and consummatory behaviours, respectively.
Our multi‐strata recordings from the rodent hippocampus coupled with cross‐strata analyses provide direct quantitative evidence for the occurrence of ripple events nested within theta oscillations.
These results highlight the need for an analysis pipeline that explicitly accounts for the specific strata where individual oscillatory power is high, in analysing simultaneously recorded data from multiple strata.
Our observations open avenues for investigations involving cross‐strata interactions between theta oscillations and ripples across different behavioural states.
Effect of Pitch Ratio and Tube Support Conditions on the Dynamic Behavior of a Low Mass-Damping Parameter Parallel Triangular Array
Authors: Elhelaly Amro , Hassan Marwan , Weaver David , Riznic Jovica R. , Moussa Soha 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
To better explain the basic aspects of fluidelastic instability (FEI) in tube arrays, a rigorous research program has been initiated. In this research, the authors executed a series of water-flow experiments utilizing a fully flexible, parallel triangular tube array (a cluster of 9 brass rods). To examine the effect of pitch ratio on the onset of FEI, four pitch-to-diameter ratios of 1.27, 1.37, 1.48, and 1.62 were tested. To investigate the effect of flat bar support on the stability threshold, a series of experiments were carried out for each pitch ratio with varied tube/support clearances. The findings of these experimental investigations and a full description of the flow loop, including the utilized instrumentation, are reported. The current results show good agreement with the available data from previous investigations and interesting findings in terms of the effect of the pitch ratio and support clearance on the stability threshold.
Investigation of Fluidelastic Instability in Normal Triangular Tube Arrays Subjected to Air Flow
Authors: Elhelaly Amro , Hassan Marwan , Weaver David , Riznic Jovica , Moussa Soha 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This work presents the results of an experimental investigation of fluidelastic instability (FEI) in a normal triangular array. Several tube array configurations were considered, including a single flexible tube, a row of three tubes, a kernel of three flexible tubes, a kernel of seven flexible tubes, and a kernel of 17 tubes. Each case studied four pitch to diameter ratios. This study investigates the stability characteristics in the transverse and streamwise directions. The findings were carefully evaluated in comparison to established results documented in the existing literature. The major contributions of the current study are a detailed investigation of the streamwise stability behavior as well as the only complete dataset in terms of the effect of the pitch ratio.
Compressible Flow Through Flat Valve Seals at Microscale Displacements
Authors: Hagstrom Nathan P. , Gallagher Matthew L. , Chase Thomas R. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Existing analytical flow models for predicting flow rates at microscale seal displacements are limited to two separate domains. The first assumes a small channel length to height aspect ratio at relatively large seal displacements. The second assumes a large channel length to height aspect ratio at relatively small seal displacements. A piecewise analytical model for compressible flow is developed here to enable predicting flow rates in valves with fluid pathways of any aspect ratio. The new model is validated by numerical studies and experiment. The results are applicable to flat valve seals having a cylindrical seal boss feature with fluid passage length to height aspect ratios ranging from 3.3 to 800. The new model is particularly useful for the design of microvalves and macroscale valves with small actuator displacements.
The Measured Flow at the Inlet of a Francis Turbine Runner Operating in Speed No-Load Condition
Authors: Rezavand Hesari Araz , Munoz Anthony , Coulaud Maxime , Houde Sébastien , Maciel Yvan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
For Francis turbines, speed-no-load (SNL) represents one of the most detrimental operating conditions, marked by significant pressure and strain fluctuations on the runner. Mitigating these fluctuations necessitates a comprehensive understanding and characterization of the flow phenomena responsible for their generation. This paper presents an experimental investigation of the flow at the inlet of a Francis turbine runner model operating in speed-no-load condition using high-speed stereoscopic and endoscopic particle image velocimetry (PIV). The measurements are made in a radial-azimuthal plane that covers the vaneless space and a large region in the interblade channel. This study marks the first-time measurement of critical flow phenomena at this operating point, performed in the runner. Instantaneous and average velocity fields are analyzed, along with other statistical data. The results not only confirm the stochastic nature of the flow at speed-no-load but also highlight the general structure of the flow observed in other studies. The high velocity fluctuations on the suction side are associated with a backflow extending into the vaneless space and a circulation zone occasionally generated by this backflow. Both phenomena are frequently present, but fluctuate stochastically. Additionally, two other circulation zones intermittently form on the pressure side of the blades. The presence of vortices, smaller than the circulation zones, near the blade's leading edge correlates with the backflow intensity.
Construction of the ETECFinder database for the characterization of enterotoxigenic
Escherichia coli
(ETEC) and revision of the VirulenceFinder web tool at the CGE website
Authors: Scheutz Flemming , Nielsen Camilla Hald , von Mentzer Astrid 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

The identification of pathogens is essential for effective surveillance and outbreak detection, which lately has been facilitated by the decreasing cost of whole-genome sequencing (WGS). However, extracting relevant virulence genes from WGS data remains a challenge. In this study, we developed a web-based tool to predict virulence-associated genes in enterotoxigenic
Escherichia coli
(ETEC), which is a major concern for human and animal health. The database includes genes encoding the heat-labile toxin (LT) (
eltA
and
eltB
), heat-stable toxin (ST) (
est
), colonization factors CS1 through 30, F4, F5, F6, F17, F18, and F41, as well as toxigenic invasion and adherence
loci
(
tia
,
tibAC
,
etpBAC
,
eatA
,
yghJ
, and
tleA
). To construct the database, we revised the existing ETEC nomenclature and used the VirulenceFinder webtool at the CGE website [
VirulenceFinder 2.0 (dtu.dk)
]. The database was tested on 1,083 preassembled ETEC genomes, two BioProjects (
PRJNA421191
with 305 and
PRJNA416134
with 134 sequences), and the ETEC reference genome H10407. In total, 455 new virulence gene alleles were added, 50 alleles were replaced or renamed, and two were removed. Overall, our tool has the potential to greatly facilitate ETEC identification and improve the accuracy of WGS analysis. It can also help identify potential new virulence genes in ETEC. The revised nomenclature and expanded gene repertoire provide a better understanding of the genetic diversity of ETEC. Additionally, the user-friendly interface makes it accessible to users with limited bioinformatics experience.

IMPORTANCE

Detecting colonization factors in enterotoxigenic
Escherichia coli
(ETEC) is challenging due to their large number, heterogeneity, and lack of standardized tests. Therefore, it is important to include these ETEC-related genes in a more comprehensive VirulenceFinder database in order to obtain a more complete coverage of the virulence gene repertoire of pathogenic types of
E. coli
. ETEC vaccines are of great importance due to the severity of the infections, primarily in children. A tool such as this could assist in the surveillance of ETEC in order to determine the prevalence of relevant types in different parts of the world, allowing vaccine developers to target the most prevalent types and, thus, a more effective vaccine.
Subduction history of the Paleo-Asian oceanic slab along the northern margin of the North China Craton: A case study of zircons and cherts from central Jilin Province, NE China
Authors: Song Chen , Pei Fuping , Xu Wenliang , Wei Jingyang , Ding Bingqian , Sang Tianjiao , Song Kai , Wang Zhiwei , Dong Hongchen 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This paper presents U-Pb ages and Hf isotope data for detrital zircons and whole-rock geochemical data for siliceous-clastic sedimentary rocks of the Shitoukoumen Formation, central Jilin Province, NE China. The new data combined with published data for the northern North China Craton enable us to constrain the temporal changes in crustal thickness along the Solonker–Xar Moron–Changchun–Yanji suture belt (SXCYB). The Shitoukoumen Formation contains ophiolitic lenses, radiolarian-bearing cherts, and volcanic-sedimentary units of various ages. A radiolarian-bearing volcanic-sedimentary unit exhibits a Bouma sequence, in which detrital zircons from a rhyolitic tuff and siliceous-clastic sedimentary rocks yielded youngest ages of 278–273 Ma, which constrain the depositional age of the unit. The geochemical compositions of the cherts suggest the pelagic deposits contain some continent-derived clastic material and may be near-trench gravity flow deposits. The dominantly depleted zircon εHf(t) values of the sedimentary rocks in the Shitoukoumen Formation record extensive crustal growth during the Paleozoic. The variations in the crustal thicknesses during the Paleozoic to early Mesozoic record a tectonic transition from subduction initiation, mature continental arc, and finally to Paleo-Asian ocean closure. The thickest crust (~58 km) at ca. 245 Ma might have been related to an orogenic peak during the final closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean along the SXCYB.
Thematic analysis of Prevention of Future Death reports for suicide: January 2021 to October 2022
Authors: Wallace Emma , Revie Lauren , Schneider Dorothee , Mais David , Sharland Emma 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundSuicide prevention remains a high priority topic across government and the National Health Service (NHS). Prevention of Future Death (PFD) reports are produced by coroners to highlight concerns that should be addressed by organisations to prevent future deaths in similar circumstances.ObjectiveThis research aimed to understand themes from concerns raised in PFD reports for deaths from suicide to inform future policies and strategies for preventing suicide.MethodsWe employed a retrospective case series design to analyse PFD reports categorised as suicide using qualitative inductive thematic analysis. Primary themes and subthemes were extracted from coroners’ concerns. Following theme extraction, the number of concerns coded to these themes across reports and the frequency of recipient organisation being named as addressee on these reports were assessed as primary outcomes.Findings12 primary themes and 83 subthemes were identified from 164 reports (4% of all available reports). The NHS was the most frequent recipient of these reports, followed by government departments. Coroners raised issues around processes within or between organisations and difficulties accessing services. The most common concerns fell under the primary theme ‘processes’ (142 mentions), followed by ‘access to services’ (84 mentions). The most frequent subthemes were ‘current training not adequate’ (38 mentions) and ‘inadequate communication between services’ (35 mentions).ConclusionsOur results specify areas where review, improvement and policy development are required to prevent future suicide deaths occurring in similar circumstances.Clinical implicationsThese themes highlight concerns across current care and service provision where reform is required for suicide prevention.
Temporal trends and the association between self-rated oral health and falls in community-dwelling older adults in South Korea: a secondary analysis of survey data
Authors: Seo Hyun-Ju , Ahn Soon-Ki , Choi Min-Jung 
Published: April 2024

ObjectiveThis study aims to examine temporal trends and the association between falls and self-rated oral health (SROH) status in community-dwelling older Korean adults.DesignSecondary analysis of a serial cross-sectional study.MethodsWe analysed biennial data from 314 846 older adults in South Korea from 2011 to 2019 using data from the Korea Community Health Survey. Self-reported fall experience data came from the injury questionnaire question, ‘Have you fallen in the past year (slipping, tripping, stumbling and falling)?’. For SROH, the participants were asked, ‘How do you feel about your oral health, such as teeth and gums, in your own opinion?’. The association between SROH and falls was examined using a weighted multivariable logistic regression model adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics, health status and behaviours, and psychological factors.ResultsThose who reported poor SROH had a lower declining slope than the other groups, although all groups showed a significantly decreasing trend in both men and women from 2011 to 2019 (p for trend<0.001). Older adults who reported having poor SROH had a more significant history of fall accidents than the good SROH groups, controlling for potential confounding variables (adjusted OR 1.16 (95% CI 1.10 to 1.21) in men; adjusted OR 1.17 (95% CI 1.13 to 1.21) in women).ConclusionsOlder adults with poor SROH, especially women, had more fall accidents, making them a priority target for fall prevention strategies. This study suggests considering SROH status when identifying fall risk factors in community-dwelling older adults.
VaNoLaH trial: a study protocol—a multinational randomised controlled trial including two identical substudies comparing vaginal versus vNOTES (vaginal natural orifice transluminal surgery) hysterectomy or laparoscopic versus vNOTES hysterectomy
Authors: Baekelandt Jan Filip , Stuart Andrea , Wagenius Johanna , Laenen Annouschka , Mol Ben W , Deprest Jan , Bosteels Jan J A 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionHysterectomy is one of the most common surgeries performed in women. Minimally invasive methods are on the rise globally as they have been shown to decrease surgical morbidity compared with abdominal hysterectomy. Hysterectomy by vaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (vNOTES) is the latest innovation. It combines the vaginal approach and endoscopy via the vagina. Large pragmatic randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are lacking comparing outcomes after vNOTES, vaginal hysterectomy (VH) and laparoscopic hysterectomy (LH).MethodsMulticentre pragmatic RCT aiming to recruit 1000 women aged 18–75 years undergoing hysterectomy for benign disease. The RCT includes two identical substudies (groups A and B). If VH is considered safe and feasible, the patient will be randomised within group A (VH vs vNOTES). If VH is not considered safe or feasible, patients will be randomised within group B (LH vs vNOTES).AnalysisPrimary outcome is the proportion of women leaving the hospital within 12 hours after surgery. Secondary outcomes are hospitalisation time, conversion rates, duration of the surgical procedure, intraoperative complications, postoperative complications and readmission.Ethics and disseminationThe Ethical Board Committee at Imelda Hospital, Bonheiden, Belgium, has approved the research protocol 230704 (principal investigator). Before including patients, all centres will require local or national ethical approval. The results of the study will be published in international peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberNCT05971875.