bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Semi‐global stabilization of discrete‐time systems subject to non‐right invertible constraints
Authors: Wang Xu , Saberi Ali , Stoorvogel Anton A. , Roy Sandip , Sannuti Peddapullaiah 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThis paper investigates time‐invariant linear systems subject to input and state constraints. We study discrete‐time systems with full or partial constraints on both input and state. It has been shown earlier that the solvability conditions of stabilization problems are closely related to important concepts such as the right invertibility or non‐right invertibility of the constraints, the location of constraint invariant zeros, and the order of constraint infinite zeros. In this paper, for general time‐invariant linear systems with non‐right invertible constraints, necessary and sufficient conditions are developed under which semi‐global stabilization in the admissible set can be achieved by state feedback. Sufficient conditions are also developed for such a stabilization in the case where measurement feedback is used. Such sufficient conditions are almost necessary. Controllers for both state feedback and measurement feedback are constructed as well. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A BMI approach for ℋ︁∞gain scheduling of discrete time‐varying systems
Authors: Borges Renato A. , Oliveira Ricardo C. L. F. , Abdallah Chaouki T. , Peres Pedro L. D. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThe problem of gain‐scheduled state feedback control for discrete‐time linear systems with time‐varying parameters is considered in this paper. The time‐varying parameters are assumed to belong to the unit simplex and to have bounded rates of variation, which depend on the values of the parameters and can vary from slow to arbitrarily fast. An augmented state vector is defined to take into account possible time‐delayed inputs, allowing a simplified closed‐loop analysis by means of parameter‐dependent Lyapunov functions. A gain‐scheduled state feedback controller that minimizes an upper bound to the ℋ︁∞performance of the closed‐loop system is proposed. No grids in the parametric space are used. The design conditions are expressed in terms of bilinear matrix inequalities (BMIs) due to the use of extra variables introduced by the Finsler's lemma. By fixing some of the extra variables, the BMIs reduce to a convex optimization problem, providing an alternate semi‐definite programming algorithm to solve the problem. Robust controllers for time‐invariant uncertain parameters, as well as gain‐scheduled controllers for arbitrarily time‐varying parameters, can be obtained as particular cases of the proposed conditions. As illustrated by numerical examples, the extra variables in the BMIs can provide better results in terms of the closed‐loop ℋ︁∞performance. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Navigating with ranging radios: Five data sets with ground truth
Authors: Djugash Joseph , Hamner Bradley , Roth Stephan 
Published: September 2009

AbstractHere we present five large data sets with range‐only measurements between a mobile robot and stationary nodes. Each data set consists of range measurements, surveyed locations of the stationary radio nodes, dead‐reckoned trajectory of the robot, and ground truth from a sophisticated inertial navigation system/global positioning system mounted on a robot traveling several kilometers at a time. Range measurements are made with two radio‐based ranging systems: a RFID tag‐based ranging system and an ultra–wide band ranging system. All the data are accurately time‐stamped and presented in standard formats (i.e., text files). In addition to the raw data, we present some noise characteristics of the two different ranging systems to offer insight into the quality of the range data from each system. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
LIDAR and vision‐based pedestrian detection system
Authors: Premebida Cristiano , Ludwig Oswaldo , Nunes Urbano 
Published: September 2009

AbstractA perception system for pedestrian detection in urban scenarios using information from a LIDAR and a single camera is presented. Two sensor fusion architectures are described, a centralized and a decentralized one. In the former, the fusion process occurs at the feature level, i.e., features from LIDAR and vision spaces are combined in a single vector for posterior classification using a single classifier. In the latter, two classifiers are employed, one per sensor‐feature space, which were offline selected based on information theory and fused by a trainable fusion method applied over the likelihoods provided by the component classifiers. The proposed schemes for sensor combination, and more specifically the trainable fusion method, lead to enhanced detection performance and, in addition, maintenance of false‐alarms under tolerable values in comparison with single‐based classifiers. Experimental results highlight the performance and effectiveness of the proposed pedestrian detection system and the related sensor data combination strategies. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Anodic silver (II) oxides investigated by combined electrochemistry, ex situ XPS and in situ X‐ray absorption spectroscopy
Authors: Lützenkirchen‐Hecht Dirk , Strehblow Hans‐Henning 
Published: September 2009

AbstractSilver (II) oxide layers (AgO) were prepared by anodic oxidation of pre‐oxidized, Ag2O‐covered silver electrodes in 1 M NaOH (pH 13.8). The oxidized electrodes were investigated using a combination of electrochemical techniques, ex situ X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and in situ surface‐sensitive grazing incidence X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (EXAFS) under full potential control. The application of these different techniques leads to a detailed, consistent picture of the anodic silver (II) oxide layer formation. The experiments have shown that the chemical composition of the AgO layer varies significantly with oxidation potential, revealing a decreasing oxygen deficiency with increasing anodization potential and oxidation time. XPS as well as EXAFS experiments support the interpretation of the oxide as a mixed valence Ag+Ag3+O2 with different contributions of Ag+ and Ag3+ species, depending on potential and anodization time. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
XPS study of early stages of Al/Au interface formation
Authors: Polyak Yaroslav , Bastl Zdeněk 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThe interface formation between Au polycrystalline substrate kept at temperature of liquid nitrogen and Al deposit and its evolution during sample thermal treatments have been investigated by means of XPS. The intermixing of the Al and Au atoms at the interface occurred readily already at temperature of liquid nitrogen and resulted in the appearance of well‐resolved components on the high‐binding‐energy side of the Au(4f) spectra assignable to AlAu intermetallic phase. The sample annealing resulted in the growth of the amount of intermetallic compound formed at liquid nitrogen temperature. The formation of the initial AlAu phase at the Al/Au interface in our experimental conditions can be explained on the basis of its thermodynamic stability. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Adaptive group sequential design for phase II clinical trials: A Bayesian decision theoretic approach
Authors: Chen Yiyi , Smith Brian J. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractBayesian decision theoretic approaches (BDTAs) have been widely studied in the literature as tools for designing and conducting phase II clinical trials. However, full Bayesian approaches that consider multiple endpoints are lacking. Since the monitoring of toxicity is a major goal of phase II trials, we propose an adaptive group sequential design using a BDTA, which characterizes efficacy and toxicity as correlated bivariate binary endpoints. We allow trade‐off between the two endpoints. Interim evaluations are conducted group sequentially, but the number of interim looks and the size of each group are chosen adaptively based on current observations.We utilize a loss function consisting of two components: the loss associated with accruing, treating, and monitoring patients, and the loss associated with making incorrect decisions. The performance of our Bayesian modeling, and the operating characteristics of decision rules under a wide range of loss function parameters are evaluated using seven scenarios in a simulation study.Our method is illustrated in the context of a single‐arm phase II trial of bevacizumab, gemcitabine, and oxaliplatin in patients with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
CD15, CD24, and CD29 Define a Surface Biomarker Code for Neural Lineage Differentiation of Stem Cells
Authors: Pruszak Jan , Ludwig Wesley , Blak Alexandra , Alavian Kambiz , Isacson Ole 
Published: September 2009

Abstract
Identification and use of cell surface cluster of differentiation (CD) biomarkers have enabled much scientific and clinical progress. We identify a CD surface antigen code for the neural lineage based on combinatorial flow cytometric analysis of three distinct populations derived from human embryonic stem cells: (1) CD15+/CD29HI/CD24LO surface antigen expression defined neural stem cells; (2) CD15−/CD29HI/CD24LO revealed neural crest-like and mesenchymal phenotypes; and (3) CD15−/CD29LO/CD24HI selected neuroblasts and neurons. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) for the CD15−/CD29LO/CD24HI profile reduced proliferative cell types in human embryonic stem cell differentiation. This eliminated tumor formation in vivo, resulting in pure neuronal grafts. In conclusion, combinatorial CD15/CD24/CD29 marker profiles define neural lineage development of neural stem cell, neural crest, and neuronal populations from human stem cells. We believe this set of biomarkers enables analysis and selection of neural cell types for developmental studies and pharmacological and therapeutic applications.
Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
Real world contexts in PISA science: Implications for context‐based science education
Authors: Fensham Peter J. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThe PISA assessment instruments for students' scientific literacy in 2000, 2003, and 2006 have each consisted of units made up of a real world context involving Science and Technology, about which students are asked a number of cognitive and affective questions. This article discusses a number of issues from this use of S&T contexts in PISA and the implications they have for the current renewed interest in context‐based science education. Suitably chosen contexts can engage both boys and girls. Secondary analyses of the students' responses using the contextual sets of items as the unit of analysis provides new information about the levels of performance in PISA 2006 Science. Embedding affective items in the achievement test did not lead to gender/context interactions of significance, and context interactions were less than competency ones. A number of implications for context‐based science teaching and learning are outlined and the PISA 2006 Science test is suggested as a model for its assessment. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 46: 884–896, 2009
Chlorpyrifos and endosulfan affect buffalo oocyte maturation, fertilization, and embryo development in vitro directly and through cumulus cells
Authors: Nandi S. , Gupta P.S.P. , Roy S.C. , Selvaraju S. , Ravindra J.P. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThis study was undertaken to examine the effect of 10 different levels (0, 0.005, 0.01, 0.02, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 μg/mL) of two pesticides (chlorpyrifos and endosulfan) on buffalo oocyte viability, maturation, fertilization, and developmental competences in vitro. Studies were conducted to test the development of oocytes cultured with pesticides during maturation, fertilization, and during different embryo development stages. We also conducted experiments to test the hypotheses that the effects of these pesticides are hormones and somatic cells mediated. We observed a dose dependant decline in viability and developmental competence rates of oocytes. Chlorpyrifos and endosulfan had a negative impact on oocytes at 0.02 and 0.1 μg/mL levels, respectively. These pesticides reduced the oocyte nuclear maturation by a direct effect on oocytes, cumulus cell‐mediated action, and by blocking the action of hormones. Chlorpyrifos was found to be more ovotoxic and embryotoxic than endosulfan. This study will provide information on dose‐response relationship and risk assessment in domestic buffaloes. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 26: 57–67, 2011.
New fetal weight estimation models using fractional limb volume
Authors: Lee W. , Balasubramaniam M. , Deter R. L. , Yeo L. , Hassan S. S. , Gotsch F. , Kusanovic J. P. , Gonçalves L. F. , Romero R. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractObjectivesThe main goal of this study was to determine the accuracy and precision of new fetal weight estimation models, based on fractional limb volume and conventional two‐dimensional (2D) sonographic measurements during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy.MethodsA prospective cross‐sectional study of 271 fetuses was performed using three‐dimensional ultrasonography to extract standard measurements—biparietal diameter (BPD), abdominal circumference (AC) and femoral diaphysis length (FDL)—plus fractional arm volume (AVol) and fractional thigh volume (TVol) within 4 days of delivery. Weighted multiple linear regression analysis was used to develop ‘modified Hadlock’ models and new models using transformed predictors that included soft tissue parameters for estimating birth weight. Estimated and observed birth weights were compared using mean percent difference (systematic weight estimation error) and the SD of the percent differences (random weight estimation error). The proportion of newborns with estimated birth weight within 5 or 10% of actual birth weight were compared using McNemar's test.ResultsBirth weights in the study group ranged from 235 to 5790 g, with equal proportions of male and female infants. Six new fetal weight estimation models were compared with the results for modified Hadlock models with sample‐specific coefficients. All the new models were very accurate, with mean percent differences that were not significantly different from zero. Model 3 (which used the natural logarithms of BPD, AC and AVol) and Model 6 (which used the natural logarithms of BPD, AC and TVol) provided the most precise weight estimations (random error = 6.6% of actual birth weight) as compared with 8.5% for the best original Hadlock model and 7.6% for a modified Hadlock model using sample‐specific coefficients. Model 5 (which used the natural logarithms of AC and TVol) classified an additional 9.1% and 8.3% of the fetuses within 5% and 10% of actual birth weight and Model 6 classified an additional 7.3% and 4.1% of infants within 5% and 10% of actual birth weight.ConclusionThe precision of fetal weight estimation can be improved by adding fractional limb volume measurements to conventional 2D biometry. New models that consider fractional limb volume may offer novel insight into the contribution of soft tissue development to weight estimation. Copyright © 2009 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
GenStat
Authors: Payne Roger W. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractGenStat is a very flexible and extendable statistical system that caters for a wide range of types of use. Its MS Windows implementation has comprehensive menus to guide non‐technical users to use statistics correctly and effectively. It also has a powerful programming language that can be used to develop new techniques and facilities to make these too accessible via menus. GenStat's facilities cover all the standard statistical methods, as well as more recent techniques such as the use of the REML algorithm to model covariance structures in repeated measurements or spatial analysis and new methodology such as hierarchical generalized linear models to allow generalized linear models to be fitted in situations where there are several sources of error variation. It has powerful spreadsheet facilities for data storage and manipulation and an attractive graphics viewer that allows users to edit and interact with their plots. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.This article is categorized under:

Software for Computational Statistics > Software/Statistical Software
Systems approaches and algorithms for discovery of combinatorial therapies
Authors: Feala Jacob D. , Cortes Jorge , Duxbury Phillip M. , Piermarocchi Carlo , McCulloch Andrew D. , Paternostro Giovanni 
Published: September 2009

AbstractEffective therapy of complex diseases requires control of highly nonlinear complex networks that remain incompletely characterized. In particular, drug intervention can be seen as control of cellular network activity. Identification of control parameters presents an extreme challenge due to the combinatorial explosion of control possibilities in combination therapy and to the incomplete knowledge of the systems biology of cells. In this review paper, we describe the main current and proposed approaches to the design of combinatorial therapies, including the heuristic methods used now by clinicians and alternative approaches suggested recently by several authors. New approaches for designing combinations arising from systems biology are described. We discuss in special detail the design of algorithms that identify optimal control parameters in cellular networks based on a quantitative characterization of control landscapes, maximizing utilization of incomplete knowledge of the state and structure of intracellular networks. The use of new technology for high‐throughput measurements is key to these new approaches to combination therapy and essential for the characterization of control landscapes and implementation of the algorithms. Combinatorial optimization in medical therapy is also compared with the combinatorial optimization of engineering and materials science and similarities and differences are delineated. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.This article is categorized under:Translational, Genomic, and Systems Medicine > Therapeutic Methods
Development and implementation of an evaluation strategy for measuring conservation outcomes
Authors: Wagner Kathleen , Chessler Melissa , York Peter , Raynor Jared 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThe Philadelphia Zoo's Measuring Mission project assessed the conservation‐related impacts of a visit to the Zoo and documented the results in a way that would provide a set of easily actionable planning strategies. A logic model provided a theoretical framework and guided the development of survey items. Three groups were surveyed using a pre–post retrospective instrument: zoo visitors, members, and volunteers. This report includes findings from the visitor surveys only. Data were analyzed using factor analysis, correlations, and t‐tests. Results revealed that the Philadelphia Zoo has been most successful in providing its guests with a satisfying animal viewing experience, facilitated by accessible informative interpretive staff, but that guests do not always take advantage of opportunities to interact with staff. Success in achieving the Zoo's conservation mission was measured by comparing pre and posttest scores on five outcome factors (conservation motivation, conservation knowledge, pro‐conservation consumer skills, conservation attitudes/values, readiness to take conservation action). The greatest gains were found in conservation knowledge and conservation motivation. Quality of exhibits and quality of staff stand out as the most important factors in influencing conservation outcomes. To ensure that results would be accessible to a wide variety of Zoo employees for planning, program and exhibit development, and staff training, nine strategies were identified as key to achieving success in the Zoo's mission. Measuring Mission has created a process for assessing the Zoo's mission impact, and has confirmed that high‐quality exhibits interpreted by expert, readily available staff can influence conservation knowledge and motivation in particular. Zoo Biol 28:473–487, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: the Baylor experience
Authors: Onaca Nicholas , Klintmalm Goran B. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractBackgroundLiver transplantation (LTX) is indicated in selected patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cirrhosis.MethodsWe compared the outcome of LTX for patients with and without HCC in 5‐year time periods between 1987 and 2007 to reflect the implementation of the Milan tumor selection criteria in 1997 and of the model for end‐stage liver disease (MELD) score‐based liver allocation in 2002.ResultsOf 2350 patients who underwent primary LTX, 330 had HCC. Five‐year patient survival for HCC patients was 28.6% in 1987–1992 and 42.3% in 1992–1997, which was 41.4–31.4% lower than that in non‐HCC patients (p < 0.0001). After 1997, 5‐year survival was 76% for HCC patients, similar to the survival for non‐HCC patients (p = 0.8784). Five‐year tumor recurrence dropped from 52.9% (1987–1992) and 48.2% (1992–1997) to 11.4% (1997–2002) and 8.4% (2002–2007) (p < 0.0001). Multivariate analysis for tumor recurrence showed the following significant factors: tumor size >6 cm [hazard ratio (HR) 3.67], ≥5 nodules (HR 3.441), vascular invasion (HR 3.18), transplant in 1987–1992 (HR 6.772), and transplant in 1992–1997 (HR 3.059). MELD‐based liver allocation reduced median waiting time for LTX for HCC versus non‐HCC (35 vs. 111 days;p = 0.005) without compromise in patient outcome.ConclusionsThe results of LTX for HCC continue to improve and are equal to results in patients without HCC.
Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: Korean experience
Authors: Lee SungGyu , Ahn ChulSoo , Ha TaeYong , Moon DeokBog , Choi KunMoo , Song GiWon , Chung DongHwan , Park GilChun , Yu YoungDong , Choi NamKyu , Kim KwanWoo , Kim KiHun , Hwang Shin 
Published: September 2009

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second most common cause of male cancer death in Korea, where the major etiology, chronic hepatitis B virus infection, is endemic. With a high incidence of unresectable HCCs and a low cadaveric organ donation rate, the number of adult living‐donor liver transplantations (LDLTs) has increased rapidly, by tenfold, over the past 10 years, as an alternative to deceased‐donor liver transplantation (DDLT) in Asia, including Korea. Currently, HCC accounts for more than 40% of the indications for adult LDLT as the associated decompensation cirrhosis or unresectable HCC with 2.8% perioperative mortality at our institute. In determining eligibility for LDLT, the Milan criteria, which have a major aim of reducing the wastage of cadaveric liver grafts, still remain the gold standard. Our published results with 168 adult LDLTs show no difference from the results with DDLT for HCC that meets the Milan criteria. However, since a substantial proportion of adult LDLT patients not fulfilling the Milan criteria have been found to survive for longer than expected, and because a live donor organ is a private gift, most LDLT programs in Korea accept HCC patients beyond the Milan criteria, and the reported 3‐year survival rates for such patients are approximately 63%. Our new proposal for expanded criteria (Asan criteria; tumor diameter ≤5 cm, number of lesions ≤6, no gross vascular invasion) in LDLT has focused on extending the number limits but keeping the maximum tumor size at 5 cm, because even modest expansion of tumor size limits beyond the Milan criteria adversely affected survival. The overall 5‐year patient survival rates were 76.3 and only 18.9% within and beyond the Asan criteria, respectively; these criteria broaden the indications for patient selection and can more accurately identify patients who will benefit from LDLT than the conventional Milan criteria and the University of California at San Francisco criteria. In Asia, where the option for DDLT is minimal or negligible, LDLT with the modest expanded selection criteria will continue to provide a chance of long‐term survival for some patients with advanced HCC.