bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DBV‐Sachstandbericht “Betonkosmetik” an Sichtbetonbauteilen
Authors: Goldammer Klaus‐R. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractDer Deutsche Beton‐ und Bautechnik‐Verein E.V. erarbeitet zurzeit einen Sachstandbericht zur Betonkosmetik. Ausgangspunkt ist die Erfahrung, dass Sichtbetonbauteile seit einigen Jahren vermehrt betonkosmetisch nachbearbeitet werden. Hierbei kann es sich entweder um rohbaumäßig einfache, handwerklich speziell qualifizierte oder aber auch um künstlerisch‐restauratorische Maßnahmen handeln. Da das gegenwärtige Normenwerk zum Beton, Stahlbeton und Spannbeton keinerlei praktisch anwendbare Regelungen für betonkosmetische Maßnahmen enthält, hat sich ein DBV‐Arbeitskreis die Aufgabe gestellt, in einem Sachstandbericht “Betonkosmetik” den gegenwärtigen Stand der Technik darzustellen. Im Mittelpunkt sollen technische und organisatorische Fragen stehen; vertragsrechtliche Belange werden nicht behandelt. Der Bericht soll sich mit seinen Aussagen sowohl an Auftraggeber und Architekten als auch an Auftragnehmer richten und Voraussetzungen, Möglichkeiten und Methoden einer sachgerechten betonkosmetisch‐restauratorischen Nachbearbeitung von Sichtbetonoberflächen aufzeigen, mit denen das optische Erscheinungsbild der Bauteile hochwertig und dauerhaft angepasst oder verbessert und im künstlerischen Anspruch vervollkommnet werden kann.DBV‐Guide to Good Practice for Concrete Cosmetics on Exposed Concrete SurfacesDespite best planning and execution, optical blemishes – e.g. color variations, accumulation of pores or broken edges – occasionally occur on exposed concrete surfaces. Such deficiencies can be remedied or reduced by professional concrete cosmetics. As there are no utilizable regulations, the German Society for Concrete and Construction Technology (DBV) currently develops a Guide to Good Practice for Concrete Cosmetics in order to provide assistance with elaborating the optical appearance of structural elements in a high grade and sustainable manner. Cosmetic works always require a faultless substrate. In case of sustrate faults the concrete structure must be repaired in advance. This report deals with the pre‐conditions, chances, limits and technologies of concrete cosmetics and their wide‐ranging variations from simple handicraft to high grade artistic labour, and points out the procedure of mapping the deficiencies, gathering and checking the catalogue of measures and the quality plan. The report closes with an example of restoring a pre‐cast element with its typical OSB surface texture.
Cyclic and Linear Polyferrocenes with Silicon and Tin as Alternating Bridges
Authors: Bagh Bidraha , Breit Nora C. , Dey Subhayan , Gilroy Joe B. , Schatte Gabriele , Harms Klaus , Müller Jens 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe synthesis and characterization of ferrocene‐based oligomers that contained two different elements (Si and Sn) as alternating bridges is described for the first time. The salt‐metathesis reaction of R2Si[(C5H4)Fe(C5H4Li)]2 (R=Me, Et) with R′2SnCl2 (R′=Me, nBu, tBu) afforded a mixture of oligomers (6MeSnMe2, 6EtSnMe2, 6MeSnnBu2, 6EtSnnBu2, 6MeSntBu2, and 6EtSntBu2). These oligomers were characterized by 1H, 13C, 29Si, and 119Sn NMR spectroscopy and by mass spectrometry. MS (MALDI‐TOF) studies of 6EtSnMe2 revealed the presence of linear (l) and cyclic (c) species that contained up to 20 ferrocene moieties. The molecular weights of the polymers were determined by gel‐permeation chromatography (GPC) and by dynamic‐light scattering (DLS). GPC analysis revealed average molecular weights of 2100–6300 Da with respect to polystyrene as a standard. DLS analysis yielded very similar results. Some compounds, c‐(6MeSnMe2)1, c‐(6MeSntBu2)2, c‐(6EtSnMe2)1, c‐(6EtSntBu2)2, l‐(6MeSnnBu2)2, and l‐(6MeSnnBu2)3, which contained up to six ferrocene moieties, were isolated in their pure form either by column chromatography or by crystallization. The Si‐ and Sn‐bridged macrocycles that contained four ferrocene units (c‐(6MeSntBu2)2 and c‐(6EtSntBu2)2) were structurally characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray analysis.
Commentary on ‘Zinc for the common cold’
Authors: Kenealy Timothy , Arroll Bruce 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThis is a commentary on a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Singh M, Das RR. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2011, Issue 2. Art. No.: CD001364. DOI: 10.1002/ 14651858.CD001364.pub3Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying Summary article. Copyright © 2012 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Epidemiological evidence of a relationship between type‐1 diabetes mellitus and cancer: A review of the existing literature
Authors: Gordon‐Dseagu Vanessa L.Z. , Shelton Nicola , Mindell Jennifer S. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThis review explores the epidemiological evidence relating to type‐1 diabetes (T1DM) and cancer incidence and mortality. Mortality rates among those with T1DM are higher in every age group compared with the general population; the majority of this mortality is due to factors related to the consequences of diabetes, such as cardiovascular and renal disease. For over 100 years, researchers have explored the relationships between diabetes and cancer and although there is now a large body of work on the subject, consensus has not been reached. Such research has tended to focus upon type‐2 diabetes, with the result that very little is known about T1DM and cancer. As incidence of T1DM increases, by around 3% annually among children, the need for further research into its impact upon cancer incidence and mortality increases. Within this review, findings varied by study method utilised, T1DM definition used and study region and outcome measure explored. None of the case–control studies found a statistically significant link between the two diseases, whereas both of the meta‐analyses did. Cohort studies produced mixed results. There were also mixed findings among research that defined T1DM in the same way (e.g. defining individuals with the disease as those diagnosed with diabetes before 30 years of age). The review found a number of studies which explored cause‐specific cancer mortality among those with diabetes; such studies also had mixed findings. This inconsistency within results suggests the need for further research to understand better the potential relationships between T1DM and cancer.
Adult height in relation to risk of cancer in a cohort of Canadian women
Authors: Kabat Geoffrey C. , Heo Moonseong , Kamensky Victor , Miller Anthony B. , Rohan Thomas E. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAlthough the influence of body mass index on cancer risk has been intensively investigated, few epidemiologic studies have examined the association of adult height with risk of cancer. We assessed the association of height with risk of all cancer and of 19 site‐specific cancers in the Canadian National Breast Screening Study, a prospective cohort of nearly 90,000 women. Weight and height were measured at enrollment, and information on reproductive and medical history as well as lifestyle exposures was obtained by means of questionnaire. After exclusions, 5,679 incident invasive cancers were identified among 88,256 women. We used Cox proportional hazards model to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) per 10 cm increase in height. All tests of statistical significance were two sided. All cancers combined and ten specific sites (colorectum, colon, premenopausal breast, postmenopausal breast, endometrium, ovary, kidney, thyroid, melanoma and leukemia) showed statistically significant positive associations with height. The HR for all cancers combined was 1.13 (95% CI: 1.08–1.18), and the magnitude of the associations for specific sites ranged from HR 1.11 (95% CI: 1.03–1.20) for postmenopausal breast cancer to HR 1.51 (95% CI: 1.27–1.80) for melanoma. Our study provides strong support for a positive association of adult height with risk of certain cancers. The underlying biological mechanisms are not clear but may differ by anatomic site.
The association between sleep apnea and young adults with hypertension
Authors: Asha'ari Zamzil Amin , Hasmoni Mohd Hadzri , Ab Rahman Jamalludin , Yusof Rosnida Azura , Lope Ahmad Raja Ahmad R. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To study the association between sleep apnea and hypertension in a younger age group than previously studied, adding upper airway sizes at endoscopy as important compounding variables not often included in the past.Study Design:Case control.Methods:We analyzed data on sleep‐disordered breathing (based on polysomnography tests), body mass index (BMI), neck circumference, upper airway endoscopy sizes, and habitus and health history in 120 hypertensive and 120 nonhypertensive participants in a clinic‐based setting. Independent t test, χ2, multivariate analysis, and binary logistic regression models were used for case‐control comparison.Results:The mean age of the participants was 27 years; 67.5% were male. The incidence and severity of sleep apnea were significantly higher in the hypertensive than the control subjects. Persons with hypertension had an OR of 2.7 times of having comorbid sleep apnea than patients without hypertension (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.2‐6.1). Persons with sleep apnea (AHI [apnea‐hypopnea index] ≥5) had an OR of 2.76 (95% CI 1.57‐4.86), and persons with severe sleep apnea (AHI ≥30) had an OR 7.94 (95% CI 4.21‐15.33) for having hypertension than did persons without sleep apnea. Although adjustments for the compounding factors, particularly BMI, decreased the OR to a large degree, subjects with severe sleep apnea were still 72% more likely to have hypertension than subjects without sleep apnea.Conclusions:Sleep apnea is related to hypertension in young adults aged 18 to 40 years. The association was more pronounced with the increasing severity of sleep apnea. Screening for sleep apnea should be considered in young adults with hypertension.
Outdoor grilling hazard: Wire bristle esophageal foreign body—a report of six cases
Authors: Harlor Evan J. , Lindemann Timothy L. , Kennedy Thomas L. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractEsophageal foreign bodies are frequently encountered, with coin ingestion the most common in the pediatric population and fish bone ingestion the most common in the adult population worldwide. Many people cook with outdoor grills and use wire brushes to clean them. We present the largest case series with six adult cases involving ingestion of wire brush bristles from food prepared on outdoor grilling surfaces. The occurrence of six cases within a small geographic area over a relatively brief time span raises important safety concerns and warrants attention to prevent serious complications.
Association of Parkinson's disease with infections and occupational exposure to possible vectors
Authors: Harris M. Anne , Tsui Joseph K. , Marion Stephen A. , Shen Hui , Teschke Kay 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe ultimate causes of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) are not fully known, but environmental and occupational causes are suspected. Postencephalitic parkinsonism has been linked to influenza, and other viral infections have also been suspected to relate to PD. We estimated the relationship between PD and both infections and possible vectors of infection (i.e., animal and human) in a population‐based, case‐control study in British Columbia, Canada. We recruited 403 cases detected by their use of antiparkinsonian medications and 405 controls from the registrants of the provincial universal health insurance plan. Severe influenza was associated with PD (odds ratio [OR]: 2.01; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.16–3.48), although this effect was attenuated when reports were restricted to those occurring 10 or more years before diagnosis. Childhood illnesses were inversely associated with PD, particularly red measles (OR: 0.65; 95% CI: 0.48–0.90). Several animal exposures were associated with PD, with statistically significant effects for cats (OR: 2.06; 95% CI: 1.09–3.92) and cattle (OR: 2.23; 95% CI: 1.22–4.09). Influenza infection may be associated with PD. The inverse relationships with childhood infections may suggest an increased risk with subclinical or asymptomatic childhood infections. Occupational exposure to animals may increase risk through transmission of infections or may indicate exposure to another agent of interest (e.g., bacterial endotoxin). © 2012 Movement Disorder Society
An energy consistent frictional dissipating algorithm for particle contact problems
Authors: Bravo R. , Pérez‐Aparicio J.L. , Laursen T.A. 
Published: July 2012

SUMMARYAn energy frictional dissipating algorithm (EFDA) for time integration of Coulomb frictional impact‐contact problems is presented. With the use of the penalty method, and in the context of a conserving framework, linear and angular momenta are conserved, and energy is consistently dissipated.Previously published formulations were stable, forcing the energy dissipation to be monotonic to prevent unstable energy growth. The shortcoming of many was that they were not able to reproduce the real kinematics and dissipation of physical processes, provided by analytical formulations and experiments. EFDA formulates a conserving framework on the basis of a physical energy dissipation estimator. This framework uses an enhanced penalty contact model based on a spring and a dashpot, enforcing physical frictional energy dissipation, controlling gap vibrations, and modifying the velocities and contact forces during each time step. The result is that the dissipated energy, kinematics, and contact forces are consistent with the expected physical behavior.Energy frictional dissipating algorithm has been applied to four rigid‐body frictional problems using the discrete element method. The first problem is the analysis of a disk moving on a flat rough surface; the second problem analyzes the kinematics and energy dissipation of elliptical particle impacts. Numerical solutions are compared with analytical ones in both problems. The motion and impact of two disks moving on a semicircular surface are studied in the third problem. Finally, the fourth problem simulates the collapse of a two‐dimensional granular column, which is compared with the experimental results. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modifying a social problem‐solving program with the input of individuals with intellectual disabilities and their staff
Authors: Ailey Sarah H. , Friese Tanya R. , Nezu Arthur M. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractSocial problem‐solving programs have shown success in reducing aggressive/challenging behaviors among individuals with intellectual disabilities in clinical settings, but have not been adapted for health promotion in community settings. We modified a social problem‐solving program for the community setting of the group home. Multiple sequential methods were used to seek advice from community members on making materials understandable and on intervention delivery. A committee of group home supervisory staff gave advice on content and delivery. Cognitive interviews with individuals with intellectual disabilities and residential staff provided input on content wording and examples. Piloting the program provided experience with content and delivery. The process provides lessons on partnering with vulnerable populations and community stakeholders to develop health programs. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 35:610–623, 2012
Betreuung von Menschen mit Diabetes in Apotheken
Authors: Müller Uta 
Published: July 2012

AbstractDie Therapieoptionen im Bereich Diabetes mellitus sind in den letzten Jahren stetig gewachsen und werden auch zukünftig zunehmen. Weitere Arzneistoffe mit neuen Wirkprinzipien wie auch mit komplett neuen Therapiekonzepten sind aktuell in der Entwicklung. Häufig ist es aber nicht primär die Therapie selbst, die den Erfolg begrenzt, sondern es ist die Umsetzung durch die Betroffenen. Deshalb müssen sich Aktivitäten sowohl vor dem Hintergrund der steigenden Patientenzahlen als auch aufgrund der nach wie vor suboptimalen Versorgungssituation vieler Patienten verstärkt auf Aspekte des Versorgungsmanagements konzentrieren. Die Ideen und Ausarbeitung der Kommission EADV von DDG und BAK zeigen hier einen viel versprechenden Weg auf, wie eine engere Begleitung und Betreuung gemeinsam durch Arzt und Apotheker ausgestaltet sein könnte. Ein Schwerpunkt sollte hierbei auf die strukturierte Analyse der Gesamtmedikation der Patienten im Rahmen eines Medikationsmanagements und auf das Erkennen und Lösen von Diabetes‐spezifischen und anderen arzneimittelbezogenen Problemen gelegt werden. Nur so können die Arzneimitteltherapiesicherheit und die Therapietreue nachhaltig verbessert werden.
Aus der Erde in die Erde
Authors: Riensche Ernst , Schiebahn Sebastian , Zhao Li , Stolten Detlef 
Published: July 2012

AbstractAbtrennen und Untertagespeichern (CCS) von CO2 ist heute bei Kohlekraftwerken machbar. Zentrales Element bei den neuen Kraftwerksprozessen ist stets die Trennung von Gasen. Bei den meisten Gastrennprozessen wird eine Komponente in einer möglichst reinen Form abgetrennt, welche dann bei Betriebsdruck weiter verwendet wird. Das ist entweder CO2, O2 oder H2. Allerdings sorgt die hohe Reinheit der abgetrennten Gase für hohe Wirkungsgradverluste. In alternativen Kraftwerksprozessen, zum Beispiel mit Membranen, müssen die abgetrennten O2‐ oder H2‐Ströme nicht rein sein. Im Gesamtprozess wird dennoch reines CO2 erzeugt, das untertage hoch komprimiert lagerbar ist. Allerdings ist die Entwicklung einer effizienten CCS‐Technologie eine technische Herausforderung.
Auf der Spur von Kohlendioxid
Authors: Vollmer Michael , Möllmann Klaus‐Peter 
Published: July 2012

AbstractMit kommerziellen Infrarotkameras lassen sich bereits seit einigen Jahren erfolgreich ausgewählte Gase qualitativ nachweisen. Voraussetzung ist ein thermischer Kontrast des Gases zum Hintergrund. Laboruntersuchungen haben gezeigt, dass auch CO2 ohne Probleme nachweisbar ist. Im Labor können bei Hintergrundtemperaturen von nur 35 °C minimale Gasvolumenströme von 1ml/min, entsprechend 0,5 m3/Jahr, detektiert werden, was Anwendungen beispielsweise im Bereich der CCS‐Technologie möglich erscheinen lässt.
Magische Schalen und Clusterstruktur
Authors: Nörtershäuser Wilfried , Krieger Andreas , Geppert Christopher , Neff Thomas 
Published: July 2012

AbstractIn manchen neutronenreichen Kernen befinden sich einzelne Neutronen sehr weit außerhalb eines Rumpfkerns. Ein Beispiel für einen solchen Halo‐Kern ist das Isotop Beryllium‐11. Kernmodelle sagen voraus, dass bei Zugabe eines weiteren Neutrons das dadurch entstehende Beryllium‐12 wieder kompakter sein sollte. Messungen von Physikern der Universität Mainz und des GSI Helmholtzzentrums Darmstadt belegen hingegen das Gegenteil. Erst neue Rechnungen der fermionischen Molekulardynamik können das überraschende Ergebnis erklären.
Ein quantenoptischer Blick auf die Planck‐Skala?
Authors: Pikovski Igor , Brukner Časlav , Aspelmeyer Markus 
Published: July 2012

AbstractEines der großen Ziele der modernen Physik ist die Vereinheitlichung von Quantentheorie und Allgemeiner Relativitätstheorie. Messbare Effekte einer solchen Quantengravitation erwartet man jedoch erst auf der Planck‐Skala von sehr kleinen Entfernungen und extrem großen Energien. Unsere Gruppe an der Universität Wien und am Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology (VCQ) hat kürzlich gemeinsam mit Kollegen vom Imperial College in London einen Weg gezeigt, wie man nach indirekten Hinweisen auf Quantengravitationseffekte durch sehr kleine Änderung der Unschärferelation in einem Quantenoptikexperiment suchen kann.
Short‐Term Response of Human Osteoblast‐Like Cells on Titanium Surfaces With Micro‐ and Nano‐Sized Features
Authors: Canabarro Antonio , Paiva Claudia G. , Ferreira Henrique T. , Tholt‐de‐Vasconcellos Beatriz , De‐Deus Gustavo , Prioli Rodrigo , Linhares Adriana B. R. , Alves Gutemberg G. , Granjeiro Jose M. 
Published: July 2012

SummarySince the way that human bone cells behave on contact with different surfaces topographies seems to be crucial to osseointegration, the aim of the present study is to evaluate the participation of some micro‐ and nanosized features of Ti surfaces in the short‐term response of primary human osteoblast‐like cells (HOC). Surfaces were prepared as ground (G‐Ti), hydrofluoric acid etched (HF‐Ti), and sandblasted/HF‐etched (SLA‐Ti), and analyzed using both three‐dimensional (3D) profilometer and atomic force microscope (AFM). Cell morphology was assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) after 4 and 24 h in culture. Cell viability, adhesion, and spreading were also evaluated 4 and 24 h after seeding over each surface. Data were compared by analysis of variance (ANOVA) complemented by Duncan test. Cell morphology, cell counting, and membrane integrity (Neutral Red, NR) were not affected by surface treatment at any time. However, HF‐Ti presented the smallest surface area and did not increase tetrazolium hydroxide (XTT) reduction from 4 to 24 h. On the other hand, a higher level of spreading was only found on the rougher and isotropic SLA‐Ti at 4 h. In conclusion, although all evaluated Ti surfaces allowed HOC short‐term adhesion, the finer topography introduced by HF as single treatment did not favor HOC mitochondrial activity and spreading. The rougher and more complex SLA surface seems to provide a better substrate for HOC short‐term response. SCANNING 34: 378‐386, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Erneuerung Rheinvorlandbrücke Worms: Brückenkonstruktion und Zusammenwirken mit dem Eisenbahnoberbau – Teil 1
Authors: Knob Wolfgang , Eckersberg Gerald , Erlenbusch Bernd , Casper Hans‐Joachim , Frühauf Wolfgang 
Published: July 2012

AbstractMit der Rheinvorlandbrücke Worms wurde eine bestehende, aus dem Jahr 1900 stammende Eisenbahnbrücke als moderne Stahlverbundfachwerkbrücke mit zweigleisigem Querschnitt unter laufendem Eisenbahnbetrieb erneuert. Unter den vorgegebenen Rand‐ und Herstellbedingungen stellt sie eine innovative und äußerst anspruchsvolle Ingenieuraufgabe dar. Nicht weniger herausfordernd war die Planung des Eisenbahnoberbaus, insbesondere im Übergang zwischen Rheinvorlandbrücke und anschließender Rheinbrücke. Mit der neuen Rheinvorlandbrücke wurde nicht nur ein gestalterisch, konstruktiv und funktional hervorragendes Brückenbauwerk geschaffen, auch der Eisenbahnoberbau im Übergang zwischen Rheinvorlandbrücke und Rheinbrücke wurde entscheidend verbessert. Dank der gelungenen Planung an der Schnittstelle zwischen Brückenbauwerk und Eisenbahnoberbau konnte das gewünschte Ergebnis erreicht werden.Renewal of the bridge over the Rhine lowland near Worms: Bridge construction and cooperation with the railway permanent way – Part 1. With the bridge over the Rhine lowland an existing railway bridge constructed in 1900 has been renewed as a modern composite steel and reinforced concrete framework bridge with double line cross section under running railway operation. Regarding the existing conditions of surroundings and construction, the structure represents an innovative and extremely ambitious task of engineering work. Not less challenging was the design of the railway permanent work on the bridge, especially the transition between the bridge over the Rhine lowland and the bridge over the Rhine. Regarding its design, construction and functionality, a distinguished new bridge of the Rhine lowland has been constructed. Moreover, the railway permanent way in the transition of the bridge over the Rhine lowland and the bridge over the Rhine has been improved essentially. Due to the extremely satisfying design on the intersection between bridge construction and railway permanent way the desired result could be achieved.