bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic Analysis of 131I Efficacy After Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Surgery Based on CT Radiomics
Authors: Cao Huijun , Shangguan Linjue , Zhu Hanlin , Hu Chunfeng , Zhang Tong , Han Zhijiang , Wei Peiying 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective
To develop and validate a radiomics-clinical combined model combining preoperative computed tomography (CT) and clinical data from patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) to predict the efficacy of initial postoperative 131I treatment.

Methods
A total of 181 patients with PTC who received total thyroidectomy and initial 131I treatment were divided into training and testing sets (7:3 ratio). Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were used to screen clinical factors affecting the therapeutic response to 131I treatment and construct a clinical model. Radiomics features extracted from preoperative CT images of PTCs were dimensionally reduced through recursive feature elimination and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator. Logistic regression was used to establish a radiomics model, and a radiomics-clinical combined model was developed by integrating the clinical model. The area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity were used to evaluate the prediction performance of each model.

Results
Multivariate analysis revealed that pre-131I treatment serum thyroglobulin was an independent clinical risk factor affecting the efficacy of initial 131I treatment (P = .002), and the AUC, sensitivity, and specificity for predicting the efficacy of initial 131I treatment were 0.895, 0.899, and 0.816, respectively. After dimensionality reduction, 14 key CT radiomics features of PTCs were included. The established radiomics model predicted the efficacy of 131I treatment in the training and testing sets with AUCs of 0.825 and 0.809, sensitivities of 0.828 and 0.636, and specificities of 0.745 and 0.944, respectively. The combined model improved the AUC, sensitivity, and specificity in both sets.

Conclusion
The preoperative CT-based radiomics model can effectively predict the efficacy of initial postoperative 131I treatment in patients with intermediate- or high-risk PTC, and the radiomics-clinical combined model exhibits better predictive performance.
Key Considerations for Studying the Effects of High-Fat Diet on the Nulligravid Mouse Endometrium
Authors: Skalski Hilary J , Arendt Amelia R , Harkins Shannon K , MacLachlan Madison , Corbett Cody J M , Goy Robinson W , Kapoor Amita , Hostetter Galen , Chandler Ronald L 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The obesity epidemic continues to increase, with half of US women predicted to be obese by 2030. Women with obesity are at increased risk for not only cardiovascular and liver disease, but also reproductive disorders. Although mouse models are useful in studying the effects of obesity, there is inconsistency in obesity-induction methods, diet composition, and mouse strains, and studies using female mice are limited. In this study, we sought to compare the effects of a 45% high-fat diet (HFD) versus a 60% HFD on the uterine estrous cycle of nulligravid C57BL/6J mice. For 22 weeks, we placed a total of 20 mice on either a 60% HFD, 45% HFD, or each HFD-matched control diet (CD). Both HFDs produced significant weight gain, with 60% HFD and 45% HFD gaining significant weight after 2 weeks and 15 weeks, respectively. Additionally, both HFDs led to glucose intolerance, fatty liver, and adipocyte hypertrophy. Mice fed 60% HFD displayed hyperphagia in the first 12 weeks of HFD treatment. Moreover, 60% HFD-treated mice had a longer estrous cycle length and an increased percentage of estrus stage samplings compared to CD-treated mice. Estrous cycle stage-controlled 60% HFD-treated mice displayed an increased estrogen-to-progesterone ratio and decreased ovarian corpora lutea compared to CD-treated mice, which may underlie the observed estrous cycle differences. There was no significant difference between diets regarding endometrial morphology or the percent of endometrial CD45+ immune cells. Our results indicate that consideration is needed when selecting a HFD-induced obesity mouse model for research involving female reproductive health.
Erosion behaviour of B4C/TiB2/Mo ceramic nozzles
Authors: Li Tong , Zhang Kai , Liu Qiancheng , Feng Yutong , Chen Kairuo , Lin Yijie , Zhao Yichen , Sun Junlong , Liu Changxia 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
B4C/TiB2/Mo ceramic nozzles were obtained by uniaxial hot-pressing. The mechanical properties and erosion behaviour of B4C/TiB2/Mo ceramic nozzles were investigated. Volume erosion rate was used to rank the erosion behaviour of the B4C/TiB2/Mo ceramic nozzles. The relationship between mechanical properties and the volume erosion rate of the nozzles was discussed. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that in-situ reaction to form TiB2 happened during sintering. Scanning electron microscopy was employed to observe the fracture surfaces and eroded surfaces of B4C/TiB2/Mo ceramic nozzles. A model of erodent particles and nozzle during the erosion test was established using the JH2 model. The maximum von Mises stresses on the entry, middle and exit surfaces of the nozzle were calculated. The result showed that the hardness played a key role in influencing the erosion behaviour of B4C/TiB2/Mo ceramic nozzles. Erosion mechanisms of B4C/TiB2/Mo ceramic nozzles at the entry, middle and exit bore area were mainly brittle fracture, fracture & plowing and micro-plowing, respectively.
Effects of translaminar edge crack and fiber angle on fracture toughness and crack propagation behaviors of laminated carbon fiber composites
Authors: Asan Ahmet Murat , Kaman Mete Onur , Dag Serkan , Erdem Serkan , Turan Kadir 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this study, the translaminar fracture toughness of carbon fiber laminated composites with different layer sequences was investigated experimentally and numerically for different crack directions. In the numerical study, first of all, the critical stress intensity factor was determined by using the M-integral method. Three-dimensional model and M-integral analysis were achieved in the ANSYS finite element package program. The non-local stress fracture criterion was used to in order to find failure curves of the materials. Then, in order to find the crack propagation directions numerically, the solid model was transferred to the LS-DYNA program and progressive failure analysis was performed. Fracture toughness decreased by 9.92 % with the change of crack angle from 15° to 90°. As the fiber angle changed from 0° to 45°, it decreased by 9.17 %. The biggest error between the experimental and numerical study results was found at α = 45°, with a rate of 12.3 %.
Correlation between rate of TEC index and positioning error during solar flares and geomagnetic storms using navigation with Indian constellation receiver measurements
Authors: Swamy Katepogu C. T. , Devanaboyina Venkata Ratnam , Nallagarla Ramamurthy , Shaik Towseef Ahmed , Turpati Suman 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The real-time position accuracy of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)/Navigation with Indian Constellation (NavIC) receiver is limited by the dynamic behavior of the ionosphere, particularly in adverse conditions like solar flares and geomagnetic storms. The NavIC satellites broadcast dual coherent radio beacon signals on L5 (1,164.5 MHz) and S (2,472.5 MHz) bands for providing position, velocity, and timing services in all weather conditions. The Total Electron Content (TEC) and Rate of TEC Index (ROTI) are the potential indicators for characterizing the ionosphere and its irregularities. In this research work, the TEC and ROTI are computed from the code and carrier phase observations of the NavIC receiver located at Kurnool low latitude station (15.79° N, 78.07° E) with geomagnetic coordinates (7.30° N, 151.65° E). This paper presents a statistical study of TEC, ROTI, and the correlation between ROTI and NavIC positioning error during highly intense solar flares (X9.3 and X2.2) and geomagnetic storm conditions. Compared to quiet days mean TEC, the enhancement is 3 TECU due to X9.3 flares, and the maximum peak of TEC on storm day (September 8, 2017) is 80.92 TECU. Moreover, the correlation coefficient between ROTI and position error is 0.76 on a quiet day (September 4, 2017), 0.54 on an intense solar flares day (September 6, 2017), and 0.24 on a storm day (September 8, 2017), this indicates positional accuracy degradation on a geomagnetic storm day. The outcome of this research work would be helpful for investigating characteristics of the northern low latitude ionospheric irregularities and, in turn, useful for developing suitable ionospheric nowcasting/prediction models for GNSS applications.
Facile sol–gel synthesis process and electrochemical performance of MgNiO2 act as an electrode for supercapacitor
Authors: Selvakumar Meiyazhagan , Thirumalaisamy Kiruthika , Kaliyappan Perumal , Ansar Sabah , Kaliamurthy Ashok Kumar , Viji Arangarajan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this work, MgNiO2 material is prepared by a facile sol–gel method as an electrode material for supercapacitor application. The prepared MgNiO2 material is characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and elemental analysis (EDS). The electronics conductivity is 1.9 × 10−4 S cm−1. The electrochemical performance of the prepared MgNiO2 material was examined in an aqueous electrolyte of 1 M KOH. The electrochemical reaction of the prepared MgNiO2 material shows the EDLC behaviour from the shapes of the CV curves. The prepared MgNiO2 nanomaterial revealed good electrochemical performance with a maximum specific capacitance of 78 F/g at a rate of current density of 0.1 A/g. The above result delivered a simple, low cost and high-performance approach for a supercapacitor application.
Mathematical description of protein extraction from muscle tissue of hydrobionts and determination of the effective molecular diffusion coefficient
Authors: E. Kuprina Elena , A. Rogozina Elena , Valerevna Abramzon Valeria , Igorevich Demidov Pavel , Kiprushkina E.I. , Anatolievna Shestopalova Irina , Broyko Julia Vladimirovna , Markovich Shamtsyan Mark , Kolesnikov B.A. 
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this work is to obtain an array of experimental data, kinetic dependences of the protein extracting from the particles of dispersed muscle tissue of hydrobionts (Alaska pollack), its mathematical description, and to find the molecular diffusion coefficients of proteins in the system of equations using solving the inverse problem of the modeling. This work’s novelty is to study swelling and protein extraction from animal tissue and its mathematical description. This study has established that the diffusion of proteins from the muscle tissue of hydrobionts during stirring suspension (raw material-extractant) occurs at a significantly higher rate than diffusion from raw materials of plant origin. It indicates the contribution of a convective component to the swelling process and dissolution of particles due to intensive blending and easy differentiability of muscular tissue particles of hydrobionts. Based on the solution of the mathematical model, the molecular diffusion coefficient of proteins from raw materials of animal origin (muscle tissue of hydrobionts) (3÷8)×10−9 m2/s, which exceeds the diffusion coefficients of carbohydrates from raw materials of plant origin (e.g., sugar 0.3×10−9 m2/s) by more than an order of magnitude. Researchers can use the obtained molecular diffusion coefficient to calculate the parameters of the diffusion process of proteins during its extraction from dispersed particles of hydrobionts.
Evaluating the benefits and outcomes of second ear surgeries in bilateral stapedectomies: a comprehensive analysis
Authors: K. Sheetal , R. Preethi , Abhilash B. A. , M. B. Divya 
Published: May 2024

Background: Objectives of the study were to evaluate the anatomical abnormalities and benefits of second ear surgery in patients with bilateral otosclerosis undergoing stapedectomy.
Methods: A descriptive retrospective study was done in 43 patients undergoing bilateral stapedotomy in a tertiary care centre. Anatomical abnormalties presenting intraoperative were recorded in both operated ears. Hearing outcomes after the first and second ear surgeries were recorded. Chi square and paired t test was used to find the association between categorical and continuous variables between both groups. We correlated the post-operative air conduction (AC) averages, air bone gap (ABG) gain, AC gain between first and second operated ears.
Results: Obliterative FP was the most common abnormality seen 7%, followed by facial nerve anamolies 5%. Bilateral variations were seen in 66% and 60% respectively. 66% required bilateral drill outs. After 1st ear and 2nd ear surgery 81% and 76% gained normal hearing. Average postop AC threshold was significantly higher after first ear surgery (p<0.001). ABG and AC gain had no significant difference in both ears. Binaural symmetrical hearing with inter aural difference AB<10 dB was achieved in 90% of patients.
Conclusions: It is worthwhile to recommend the patients to undergo contralateral ear surgery if the first ear had achieved normal or socially acceptable hearing, as the chances of achieving a comparable hearing outcome as that of 1st ear is high. Following 2nd ear surgery an effective binaural symmetric hearing can be achieved.
Building a culture of safety: Teacher and peer impact on safety behaviors among vocational high school students
Authors: Darmawang  , Amiruddin Amiruddin , Jumadin Jumadin , Setialaksana Wirawan 
Published: May 2024

There is an increased risk of workplace accidents for younger employees. Academic laboratories have demonstrated a higher prevalence of accidents. Occupational health and safety (OHS) education plays a central role in reducing the risk of accidents and aims to habituate safety behavior in educational settings. The current research aims to investigate the factors affecting students’ safety behaviors using a knowledge-attitude-behavior model within stimulus-organism-response frameworks. A quantitative and non-experimental study involved sending an electronic questionnaire to 959 Indonesian vocational high school students who had undergone half of their learning process in a workshop that put them at risk of accidents. A structural equation model was conducted on the data which showed that all variables in the model were valid and reliable. Teachers’ OHS leadership encourages students’ safety knowledge, attitudes and behaviors. Positive and noteworthy benefits to students' safety knowledge, attitude and behaviour are demonstrated by peer safety behaviours as indicated by similar results. Among the predictors, OHS knowledge had the greatest influence on students’ safety behavior. The current research findings provide evidence that supports the fact that student safety behavior follows the knowledge attitude behaviour model within the stimulus organism response framework.
Workload doesn’t mean exhaustion: Antecedents of teacher burnout
Authors: Dung Vu , Trang Vu Thu , Lan Nguyen Thi Mai 
Published: May 2024

Workload has consistently been found to be a predictor of burnout in teachers. However, while academia considers workload a psychological concept, the public tends to simplify workload as the number of tasks assigned. This study seeks to provide further evidence of the psychological nature of workload by examining if workload understood in terms of quantity of work had any effect on teacher burnout and whether this relationship was moderated by psychological processes such as self-efficacy and mediated by stress. 117 primary and high school teachers holding at least two roles at school participated in the study. Teacher burnout was measured using MBI-ES, self-efficacy was measured by OSTES and stress and workload were measured by single-item questions. Results showed that workload (i.e., the number of roles assigned) did not have a main effect on burnout. Perceived stress and self-efficacy had direct effects on teacher burnout: stress increased burnout while self-efficacy reduced burnout. Self-efficacy had a significant moderation effect on workload-burnout interaction. Workload increased burnout only in teachers with low self-efficacy while stress did not moderate the workload-burnout relationship. These findings support the psychological nature of the relationship between workload and burnout among teachers. They also point out the importance of enhancing teacher stress management and self-efficacy in protecting them from burnout.
Variant pathogenicity prediction based on the ESGMM algorithm
Authors: Liu Jing , Zhang Chen , Liu Xiyi , Zhang Yu , Liu Jin , Guan Xiao 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Modeling the functional impact of sequence variation is a critical issue for both understanding and developing proteins. An Evolutionary Sequence and Gaussian Mixture Model (ESGMM) for predicting variant pathogenicity is presented in this paper. The model is trained on 2715 clinical proteins and their homologous sequences, using a Transformer-based protein language model to discover evolutionary patterns of amino acids from multiple sequence alignment (MSA). To fully mine deep information of MSA two-dimensional data, an axial attention mechanism is introduced during training. The model estimates the probability of all variants compared to the wild type and calculates variant scores. To categorize variations as pathogenic or benign, a global-local Gaussian mixture model is then constructed for each variant, and ESGMM scores are produced for each variant employing a combination of global and local information. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is introduced to optimize the local Gaussian mixture model and further quantify the uncertainty of the classification, which enhances the model prediction precision. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of the optimized ESGMM algorithm in predicting the pathogenicity of variants.
Menopausal symptoms and utilization of menopausal hormone therapy among women aged 40-60 years in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Asfaw Tewodros Getahun , Gebreyohannes Rahel Demissew , Tesfaye Milcah Temesgen 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background: The onset of menopause leads to diminished estrogen exposure, resulting in a high morbidity burden related to menopausal symptoms. Menopausal hormonal therapy is an effective therapy that offers more advantages than disadvantages for women aged less than 60 years or who have had menopause for less than 10 years.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of menopausal symptoms, identify factors associated with menopausal symptoms, and assess the use of menopausal hormone therapy among women aged 40-60 years who visited the gynecological clinics of three hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2022 to June 2022 at Gandhi Memorial Hospital, Tikur Anbessa Hospital and Zewditu Memorial Hospital on atotal of 296 middle-aged women. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire and analyzed for sociodemographic factors, utilization of menopausal hormone therapy, and prevalence of menopausal symptoms using the menopause rating scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent predictors of each subscale of menopausal symptoms. The strength of the association was measured using odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals, and statistical significance was set at value P<0.05.
Result: The prevalence of menopausal symptoms was 89.9%. According to menopausal rating scale, the frequency of reported symptoms was hot flushes (54.7%), muscle and joint pain (32.1%) on somatic subscale; physical and mental exhaustion (55.1%), irritability (48.6%) on psychological subscale; and sexual problems (41.3%), bladder problems (39.2%) on urogenital subscale. This study also showed that the age of women and monthly family income were significantly associated with all three subscales of the menopausal rating scale. There was no utilization of menopausal hormonal therapy to treat menopausal symptoms and to prevent complications.
Conclusion: The prevalence of menopausal symptoms is high; however, the utilization of individualized administration of menopausal hormone therapy according to symptoms is negligible. It appears essential for these institutions to work on service availability and delivery of menopausal hormone therapy for those in need of wider benefits of their clients.
Autonomous password generation and setting system with Cosmic Coding and Transfer (COSMOCAT) and Cosmic Time Calibrator (CTC)
Authors: Tanaka Hiroyuki , Cantoni Elena , Sellone Marco , Cerretto Giancarlo , Duffy Alan , Krishnan Shanti , Holma Marko , Oláh László , Steigerwald Sara , Varga Dezső 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

As wireless sensor networks (WSNs) with Internet of Things (IoT) devices become increasingly widespread and more complex, the threat of cyber-attacks is also increasing. One of the most common ways WSNs can be hijacked is when passwords/IDs are leaked. If the passwords do not frequently change, it is easier for the system to be compromised. However, many organizations and individuals retain old passwords to avoid the hassle and challenge of continually remembering and managing new passwords. COSMO-PASS is a new technique that combines COSMOCAT and CTC to enable hardware-level protection of the WSN nodes. It removes the inconvenience of having its users create, remember, and change multiple passwords. Based on the test experiments and simulations with a 102-cm2-sized (a smartphone-sized) detector, 6-7-digit passwords are automatically generated and transferred to the sensor node within the time range from 1 second to 1 minute, depending on the nodal distance. Consequently, it is confirmed that automatically generated and frequent password updates are possible with COSMO-PASS, which will effectively protect the data and network. It is anticipated that the enhanced security level capabilities of COSMO-PASS can easily be applied to the next generation of secured wireless sensor networks to achieve the realization of safer and smarter communities.
Impact of regulatory, normative and cognitive institutional pressures on rural agribusiness entrepreneurial opportunities and performance: empirical evidence from Ghana
Authors: Osei Charles Dwumfour , Zhuang Jincai , Adu Daniel 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Entrepreneurs in the agribusiness sector in Ghana encounter numerous challenges due to the weak institutional framework in the country. This often leads to business failure and poor performance of agribusiness ventures. In this paper, we aim to highlight the significance of institutional support for agribusiness entrepreneurs and its crucial role in creating more opportunities for farm entrepreneurs and ensuring the success of farm ventures. The study analyzes empirical data collected from 246 maize farm entrepreneurs in Ghana using the Structural Equation Modelling technique (PLS-SEM). The findings show that regulatory and cognitive institutions have a more positive significant influence on the opportunity recognition and exploitation strategies of maize farm entrepreneurs. Both opportunity recognition and exploitation partially mediate the effects of regulatory, normative and cognitive institutional pressures and farm business performance. The study suggests that maize farm entrepreneurs appear to benefit from regulatory and cognitive institutions. The findings, therefore, have strong policy relevance. The results of this study contribute significantly to food policy aimed at boosting maize supply chain business and food security.