bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perfectionism, self‐esteem, and affective symptoms in anorexia nervosa subtypes: A network analysis of French inpatients
Authors: Delaquis Chantal P. , Godart Nathalie , Barry Caroline , Ringuenet Damien , Maria Anne‐Solène , Nicolas Isabelle , Berthoz Sylvie 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivePrevious studies have highlighted the relevance of perfectionism, self‐esteem, and anxio‐depressive symptoms in anorexia nervosa (AN). However, the relationships between these factors and cardinal eating disorders (ED) symptoms remain unclear, particularly in AN subtypes. This study aimed to examine their interconnections using network analysis.MethodThe sample included n = 338 inpatients with AN who completed the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire, Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, Rosenberg Self‐Esteem Scale, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Using network analysis, we estimated three networks: full sample, AN‐restrictive (AN‐R) and AN‐binge/purging (AN‐BP) subtypes. We estimated central and bridge symptoms using expected influence and conducted an exploratory network comparison test to compare AN subtypes.ResultsOvervaluation of Weight and Shape, Concern over Mistakes, and Personal Standards were consistently central in all networks. The most central bridge symptoms across all networks were Concern over Mistakes and Self‐Esteem. Concern over Mistakes bridged perfectionism and ED symptoms, while Self‐Esteem was highly connected to all symptom clusters. Anxiety was significantly more central in the AN‐R network compared to the AN‐BP network.ConclusionsThe present study contributes to a growing body of network studies suggesting that nodes related to perfectionism are just as central as cardinal ED symptoms, indicating the relevance of perfectionism in ED pathology. The high bridge centrality of self‐esteem suggests that it may be an important link between perfectionism, mood, and ED symptoms. Future research should investigate the efficacy of targeting multiple psychological factors in the treatment of AN, as well as their potential transdiagnostic relevance.
Pea protein isolate–soluble soybean polysaccharides electrostatic assembly: effect of pH, biopolymer mass ratio and heat treatment
Authors: Igartúa Daniela Edith , Balcone Agustina , Platania Fedra Agustina , Cabezas Dario Marcelino , Palazolo Gonzalo Gastón 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn past years, thousands of protein‐polysaccharide complexes have been investigated to modify protein characteristics and functionality in food systems. However, the interaction between pea protein isolate (PPI) and soluble soybean polysaccharide (SSPS) has not been thoroughly characterized yet.RESULTSIn the present study, the phase behavior of PPI and SSPS mixtures was analyzed as a function of PPI:SSPS mixing ratio (1:1 to 1:0.10) and pH (7.0 to 2.0), showing that these biopolymers could be electrostatically assembled at 1:1 to 1:0.25 mixing ratios and 4.0 to 3.0 pH values. Then, the characteristics of the PPI–SSPS complexes were studied before and after heating (90 °C and 30 min) by ζ‐potential, surface hydrophobicity, protein solubility, particle size distribution and physical stability for 56 days. By lowering the pH and PPI:SSPS mixing ratio, the complexes showed increased solubility, changed 𝜁‐potential and higher physical stability. By heating, the complexes presented increased hydrophobicity and physical stability.CONCLUSIONOverall, PPI–SSPS complexes increased the protein solubility, reduced the particle size, and changed both the ζ‐potential and the surface hydrophobicity with respect to PPI control, allowing stabilization of the colloidal system and broadening the possible applications of these high‐quality proteins in acidic food systems. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
The Calf Raise App shows good concurrent validity compared with a linear encoder in measuring total concentric work
Authors: Ashnai Farshad , Lindskog Jakob , Brorsson Annelie , Nilsson‐Helander Katarina , Beischer Susanne 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurposeThe linear encoder and the Calf Raise App have been shown to be valid for measurements of plantar flexor muscular endurance in the heel raise test when compared with gold standard equipment. However, the validity of the Calf Raise App has not yet been compared with a linear encoder, an instrument commonly used in clinical and research settings. The purpose of this study was to determine the concurrent validity of the Calf Raise App compared with a linear encoder for the measurement of average heel raise height and total concentric work in the heel raise test.MethodsFifty TeamGym athletes (82% females) from an on‐going prospective study were included (mean [SD] age: 20 [7] years; body mass index (BMI) = 21.3 [2.5]). Concurrent validity was analysed with single measures intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) using a two‐way mixed effects, consistency model.ResultsNinety‐eight samples were included in the analysis. The mean (SD) average heel raise height and total concentric work measured by the linear encoder and Calf Raise App were 9.9 (1.4) and 7.5 (1.2) cm, and 1728 (584) and 1291 (450) J, respectively. The mean (SD) number of unilateral heel raises was 30 (7.5). The results showed poor to moderate concurrent validity for the measurement of average heel raise height (ICC: 0.62; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.48–0.73). Good to excellent concurrent validity was shown for the measurement of total concentric work (ICC: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.84–0.93).ConclusionThe Calf Raise App shows good concurrent validity in the heel raise test compared with a linear encoder in measuring total concentric work but not average height. While caution is recommended when comparing results from the different instruments, each instrument can be used separately to compare between‐limb differences or changes over time in plantar flexor muscular endurance in clinical and research settings.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
Residual Stress Characterization in Microelectronic Manufacturing: An Analysis Based on Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Yang Zhoudong , Wang Xinyue , Chen Wei , Tang Hongyu , Zhang Rongjun , Fan Xuejun , Zhang Guoqi , Fan Jiajie 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn the rapidly evolving era of information and intelligence,microelectronic devices are pivotal across various fields, such as mobile devices, big data computing, electric vehicles, and aerospace. However, the electrical performance of these devices often suffers due to residual stress from microelectronic manufacturing. This issue is compounded by the additional thermal stress that accumulates during device operation. Therefore, it is essential to understand, characterize, and control this residual stress to ensure the reliability and efficiency of microelectronic devices. Raman spectroscopy emerges as an invaluable tool for nondestructive, fast, noncontact, and precise testing of micro‐scale mechanics, significantly aiding in stress and strain analysis within microelectronic manufacturing. This article aims to provide a thorough overview of the theory and application beyond a mere compilation of recent advances. Theoretically, it critically evaluates existing models that describe the Raman‐stress relation. Practically, it explores the application of Raman spectroscopy in researching residual stress in various components, including substrate materials, epitaxial films, and packaging. Through a detailed examination of current applications, it highlights the significance of Raman spectroscopy in understanding micro‐scale mechanics. Finally, it offers both theoretical and practical insights into the future developments of Raman‐stress detection technology.
Spectral Manipulations of Random Fiber Lasers: Principles, Characteristics, and Applications
Authors: Han Bing , Cheng Qian , Tao Yiming , Ma Yuxi , Liang Houkun , Ma Rui , Qi Yifei , Zhao Yong , Wang Zinan , Wu Han 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRandom fiber lasers (RFLs), a new variety of random lasers, have become a vigorous research spot over the past decades. RFLs possess superiorities in efficiency, structural flexibility, directionality, cost, etc. Particularly, RFLs are discovered to be good platforms for the construction of various forms of high‐performance lasers. Herein, recent progress in the spectral manipulation of RFLs and the applications of spectral‐tailored RFLs are reviewed. Both theoretical and experimental investigations of the unique spectral properties of RFLs up to now are presented. The superior wavelength flexibility of RFLs which can achieve any desired lasing wavelength in the 1–2.1 µm band is highlighted. Via spectral manipulation, RFLs have shown the capability of high‐spectral‐purity, narrow‐bandwidth, and multi‐wavelength output. Furthermore, the RFLs featuring unique spectral properties can lead to various promising applications, which are concisely summarized, including optical fiber communication, optical fiber sensing, imaging, supercontinuum generation, nonlinear‐frequency conversion, mid‐infrared lasing pump sources, and laser‐driven inertial confinement fusion motivation. The challenges and prospects for RFLs are also discussed.
Asymptotics for a parabolic problem of Kirchhoff type with singular critical exponential nonlinearity
Authors: Boudjeriou Tahir 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe main objective of this paper is to characterize stable sets based on the asymptotic behavior of solutions as goes to infinity for the following class of parabolic Kirchhoff equations:
where
is a bounded domain with a Lipschitz boundary, , , , , , and is the fractional ‐Laplacian operator, .
DF‐QSM: Data Fidelity based Hybrid Approach for Improved Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping of the Brain
Authors: Paluru Naveen , Susan Mathew Raji , Yalavarthy Phaneendra K. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractQuantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) is an advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique to quantify the magnetic susceptibility of the tissue under investigation. Deep learning methods have shown promising results in deconvolving the susceptibility distribution from the measured local field obtained from the MR phase. Although existing deep learning based QSM methods can produce high‐quality reconstruction, they are highly biased toward training data distribution with less scope for generalizability. This work proposes a hybrid two‐step reconstruction approach to improve deep learning based QSM reconstruction. The susceptibility map prediction obtained from the deep learning methods has been refined in the framework developed in this work to ensure consistency with the measured local field. The developed method was validated on existing deep learning and model‐based deep learning methods for susceptibility mapping of the brain. The developed method resulted in improved reconstruction for MRI volumes obtained with different acquisition settings, including deep learning models trained on constrained (limited) data settings.
How trust and relationships impact on the giving decisions of philanthropists
Authors: Greenhalgh Caroline , Montgomery Paul 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNumerous studies have sought to understand why philanthropists are not giving more to charity. Two recently published studies identified a lack of faith in charities and an absence of trust as significant barriers to philanthropy. We report on the findings of a qualitative study which sought to examine the extent to which trust, and relationships influence the wealthy to give or withhold funding to charities. We employed in‐depth qualitative research methods and semi‐structured, conversational‐style, interviews as the major form of data collection. We utilised Braun and Clarke's ‘reflexive thematic analysis’ method of thematic analysis which gave rise to 4 key themes and 9 sub‐themes. Findings revealed that trust underpins the relationships that philanthropists have with charities and is an important conduit to forging an ongoing relationship. Trust is frequently relied upon as a proxy for evidence and an absence of trust will usually lead a philanthropist to withhold funding.
Maternal obesity: sex‐specific in utero changes in fetal brain autophagy and mTOR
Authors: Merabova Nana , Ugartemendia Lierni , Edlow Andrea G. , Ibarra Claudia , Darbinian Nune , Tatevosian Gabriel , Goetzl Laura 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveMaternal obesity affects 39.7% of reproductive‐age women in the United States. Emerging research has suggested that in utero exposure to maternal obesity is associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes, but knowledge of underlying mechanisms in human samples is lacking.MethodsA matched case–control study was performed in women with singleton fetuses who were undergoing elective pregnancy termination at gestational ages 15 to 21 weeks. Maternal adiponectin levels from plasma were measured using ELISA kits. RNA was extracted from fetal brain tissue using RNeasy Mini Kit (QIAGEN). mRNA expression from ADIPOR1, ADIPOR2, MTOR, ATG5, ATG7, BECN1, and MAP1LC3B was quantified through the ΔΔCt method and using GAPDH as a housekeeping gene.ResultsWe have identified transcription patterns associated with inhibition of autophagy in male fetal brain tissue exposed to maternal obesity (↑MTOR, ↓ATG5, ↓ATG7, and ↓MAP1LC3B), with female fetuses demonstrating either no change in transcription or nonsignificant changes associated with increased autophagy. There was significant downregulation of the autophagy‐associated gene BECN1 in both male and female individuals who were exposed to obesity in utero.ConclusionsWe present novel evidence suggesting that in utero exposure to maternal obesity in humans may significantly affect neurodevelopment, especially in male fetuses, through alterations in normal autophagy molecular mechanisms and with adiponectin as a potential mediator.
Mechanical properties of additively manufactured polymeric composites using sheet lamination technique and fused deposition modeling: A review
Authors: Kumar Amit , Dixit A. R. , Sreenivasa S. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNowadays, it is possible to produce products with complex geometries, thanks to the experts who have continuously explored the advancements in additive manufacturing (AM) techniques. This review helps readers understand the opportunities and difficulties associated with developing parts for various industries, including aerospace, tooling, electronics, and biomedicine. The present work describes the landscape of polymeric composites using laminated object manufacturing (LOM) and fused deposition modeling (FDM). This paper discusses recent publications in the realm of AM related to composite fabrication, materials, techniques, functionality, and future scope. The effects of nanofiller reinforcement on the mechanical properties of composites have been thoroughly investigated. Furthermore, FDM process parameters such as layer thickness, infill speed, nozzle temperature, and raster angle have also been considered. Finally, the challenges and potential applications of LOM and FDM of additively manufactured composites have been summarized.
Late‐onset lymphopenia during radiation is associated with an increased risk of tumor recurrence in newly diagnosed pediatric medulloblastoma
Authors: Lindsay Holly B. , Scheurer Michael E. , Allam Anthony K. , Lucas Bryony J. , McGovern Susan L. , Chintagumpala Murali , Paulino Arnold C. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundRecent data found a correlation between lymphopenia occurring early during craniospinal radiation therapy (RT) and risk of disease recurrence in newly diagnosed childhood medulloblastoma. However, the population included patients who received chemotherapy prior to or during RT. Here, we investigate the effect of lymphopenia during RT in patients with newly diagnosed pediatric medulloblastoma who were chemotherapy‐naïve.ProcedureWe analyzed 79 patients with newly diagnosed medulloblastoma (ages 2–21 years) treated between 1997 and 2013 with craniospinal RT. Log‐rank tests were used to determine survival differences, and Cox proportional hazards regression was used to assess associations between patient characteristics and lymphopenia with disease recurrence risk.ResultsEighty‐three percent of patients (62/75) had grade ≥3 lymphopenia by RT Week 3, with 95% developing grade ≥3 lymphopenia at some point during therapy. There was no difference in incidence of lymphopenia between those who received proton beam RT (93%) versus photon (97%). Twenty‐four of 79 (30%) patients developed disease recurrence at an average 27.0 months after diagnosis. There was higher risk of disease recurrence in patients with grade ≥3 lymphopenia during RT Week 4 (log‐rank p = .016; Cox p = .03) and Week 5 (log‐rank p = .024; Cox p = .032); after adjusting for clinical risk group, only grade ≥3 lymphopenia at Week 4 remained prognostic (Cox p = .04). No correlation was found between risk of tumor recurrence and early lymphopenia (RT Weeks 0–3) or absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) below the median at any time during RT.ConclusionsLymphopenia during RT Weeks 4 and 5 correlates with increased risk of tumor recurrence in pediatric patients with newly diagnosed medulloblastoma.
Noninvasive twin genotyping for recessive monogenic disorders by relative haplotype dosage
Authors: Kong Lingrong , Zhao Zhenhua , Fu Xinyu , Li Huanyun , Zhu Jingqi , Wu Di , Kong Xiangdong , Sun Luming 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo establish a haplotype‐based noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) workflow for single‐gene recessive disorders that adapt to dizygotic (DZ) twin pregnancies.MethodTwin pregnancies at risk of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, Becker muscular dystrophy, hemophilia B, spinal muscular atrophy, phenylketonuria, and nonsyndromic hearing loss were recruited. For subsequent analysis, capture sequencing targeting highly heterozygotic single nucleotide polymorphism sites was conducted. Paternal‐specific alleles were used to calculate the total and individual fetal fractions and determine zygosity. A two‐step Bayes Factor model was applied to clarify the complex genomic landscape in the maternal plasma: the first step involved determining whether the twins inherited the same haplotype, and the second step involved estimating their individual genotypes. NIPT results were subsequently confirmed by invasive diagnosis.ResultsNine twin pregnancies were recruited, including five DZ and four monozygotic (MZ) twins. The earliest gestational age was 8+0 weeks, and the minimum fetal fraction was 4.6%. Three twin pregnancies were reported with one affected fetus, while the remaining six were reported without affected fetuses. Two dichorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies were confirmed to be MZ twins. The NIPT results were 100% consistent with those of invasive procedures or diagnostic genetic testing after birth.ConclusionThis study is the first to perform NIPT for single‐gene disorders in twin pregnancies and preliminarily confirm its clinical feasibility. Acknowledging the twins' genotypes in the first trimester is valuable as it empowers obstetric care providers and parents to have adequate time for pregnancy management and decision‐making.
Shish‐kebab structure evolution of HDPE/UHMWPE during hot drawing
Authors: Zhang Feng , Pan Xuefeng , Li Fengtao , Xu Jiajia , He Xuelian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractUsing a solution‐mixing method, this research aimed to fabricate high‐density polyethylene (HDPE)/ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) composite materials with uniform dispersion. By incorporating a small quantity of UHMWPE as a nucleating agent, additional contact points were introduced to enhance the crystallization rate of the HDPE matrix. Thermal stretching experiments were conducted on composite systems with varying UHMWPE contents and molecular weight additions at different temperatures. Elevating the stretching temperature was found to decrease the yield strain and yield strength, extend the stage of tensile plastic deformation, and diminish the overall mechanical properties of the composite material. Notably, stretching at temperatures ranging from 90 to 110°C accentuated the development of internal crystal orientation structures. Under low strain conditions, crystal slip was observed to be concentrated, with single crystals undergoing continuous stretching and breaking, resulting in a decrease in the long period. Conversely, at high strains, the induced formation of oriented lamellar structures was observed.Highlights
Prepared HDPE/UHMWPE blends by UHMWPE with varying molecular weights.
Analyzed the alterations in the HDPE/UHMWPE blends' internal crystal structure.
Influence of UHMWPE addition, temperature on the evolution of crystal structure.
Investigation and mapping of toxic fumes produced by detonation of ANFO explosives in underground space
Authors: Ali Firoj , Himanshu Vivek Kumar , Kumar Arvind , Vishwakarma Ashish Kumar , Sahu Sanjeev Kumar , Bohra Purushottam Das , Mishra Arvind Kumar 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPost‐blast fumes are hazardous and known to cause severe health related issues of workers. Further, these harmful gases have a significant impact on the surrounding environment. Thus, it is imperative to have an in‐depth understanding of the real time detonation fume generation in underground space to avoid hazardous health risk of the worker. In this context, the mapping of toxic fume concentrations generated by the detonation of ANFO explosives in the actual field is a fascinating area of research that has a great environmental impact. This article examined the real‐time analysis of toxic fumes generated by ammonium nitrate fuel oil (ANFO) explosives at various locations of a metalliferous underground mine. Furthermore, detonation parameters of various ANFO explosive compositions were also studied at the mining site. On‐site blasting studies were performed with ANFO explosives, and post‐detonation fume measurements enabled us to map the CO and NOx concentrations in underground spaces. Toxic fumes like CO and NOx were analyzed before and after each blasting operation at different intervals, and found within the allowed limit as per the Directorate General of Mines Safety guidelines. Additionally, an empirical correlation has been established to evaluate the maximum detonation velocity based on the alteration of ammonium nitrate and fuel oil composition.
Translation and validation of a lifestyle questionnaire related to prostate cancer
Authors: Karegar‐Niavol Reyhane , Ghaffari Fatemeh , Saravi Ali , Fotokian Zahra , Kheirkhah Farzan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundValid and reliable instruments are needed to measure prostate cancer‐related lifestyle changes, plan evidence‐based interventions to modify lifestyle, and improve treatment outcomes. Due to the lack of appropriate instruments, this study was conducted to translate the Effects of Prostate Cancer upon Lifestyle Questionnaire (EPCLQ) into Persian and examine its psychometric properties in a sample of Iranian older adults with prostate cancer.MethodsThis methodological study was carried out between 2021 and 2022. Initially, the EPCLQ, comprising 36 items, was translated into Persian through a meticulous translation and back‐translation procedure. Subsequent steps involved the assessment of face validity, qualitative content validity, content validity index, content validity ratio, construct validity via confirmatory factor analysis, and reliability testing of the Persian version of the EPCLQ.ResultsThe psychometric evaluation led to the exclusion of 4 items from the EPCLQ. The refined model demonstrated satisfactory fit indices (PCFI = 0.732, PNFI = 0.696, CMIN/DF = 2.29, RMSEA = 0.072, IFI = 0.920, CFI = 0.919, and GFI = 0.971), indicating an appropriate fit of the final model. The internal consistency, as measured by Cronbach's alpha, was 0.67, and the intraclass correlation coefficient for the questionnaire was 0.938, reflecting high reliability.ConclusionsThe Persian version of the EPCLQ, now consisting of 32 items, has been validated and is reliable for assessing the impact of prostate cancer on lifestyle among older adults. Its simplicity and the clarity of the items make it suitable for use in clinical settings or during home visits for follow‐up assessments.