bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
0957 Multidimensional Sleep Health Is Associated with Affective Instability in Stroke Survivors
Authors: Lau Stephen C L , Connor Lisa Tabor , Ford Andria , Landsness Eric 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Affective instability, a form of emotion dysregulation, is defined by rapid and intense shifts in affect and a known precursor of affective disorders. Poor sleep health leads to emotional dysregulation and affective instability. Poor sleep health is common after stroke, but which specific aspects of sleep health are important is unclear. We hypothesized that a multidimensional assessment of sleep health would identify specific factors that contribute to affective instability in stroke survivors.

Methods
Forty community-dwelling stroke survivors underwent multidimensional sleep health assessment with sleep diaries, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and ecological momentary assessment of affect and alertness eight times daily for seven days. Sleep health was quantified into 6 domains of the Regularity, Satisfaction, Alertness, Timing, Efficiency, Duration (RU-SATED) framework. Affective instability was quantified using probability of acute change (PAC) and mean squared successive difference (MSSD). Multivariable linear regressions were used to identify sleep health factors associated with affective instability, adjusting for age, sex, and race.

Results
Instability of depressed affect was associated with lower alertness (MSSD: B=.55, p=.001; PAC: B=.76, p&lt;.001), lower sleep efficiency (B=.35, p=.036), and longer sleep latency (B=.38, p=0.30). Instability of cheerful affect was associated with less regular mid-sleep time (MSSD: B=.57, p&lt;.001; PAC: B=.48, p=.004), less regular sleep duration (B=.43, p=.012), and longer sleep latency (MSSD: B=.39, p=.020; PAC: B=.39, p=.021).

Conclusion
Lower sleep efficiency, longer sleep latency, lower alertness, and irregular sleep contribute to affective instability among stroke survivors. Future intervention efforts managing these specific factors of sleep health to stabilize affective changes and prevent affective disorders after stroke are needed.

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0964 Depression Moderates the Effect of Repetitive Negative Thinking on Set-shifting Ability in Youth with Insomnia
Authors: Wong Yee Lok , Sit Hao Fong , Li Shirley Xin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Repetitive negative thinking (RNT), a perpetuating factor of insomnia, is often associated with adverse outcomes (e.g., depression). According to the Attentional scope model of rumination, RNT is associated with a narrowed attentional scope. As such, individuals with more RNT tend to exhibit stable attention toward task-relevant information. Previous research has also shown that RNT is linked to better set-shifting ability in adolescents. However, the evidence was mainly based on the research on mood disorders and remained limited and inconclusive in the context of insomnia. The study aimed to examine the relationship between set-shifting ability and RNT and explore the role of depression in this relationship among adolescents with insomnia.

Methods
Adolescents diagnosed with DSM-5 insomnia disorder were recruited. Participants completed self-reported questionnaires, including the Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire (PTQ) for the measure of RNT, the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and the Beck’s Depression Inventory-Short Form (BDI-SF) and were administered Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). A score ≥ 10 on BDI-SF indicated the presence of depression. The number of Perseverative Responses (PR) and Perseverative Error (PE) on WCST were used to reflect set-shifting ability.

Results
Of 115 recruited participants with insomnia (Age: 18.34 ± 1.56, 14-20, female: 65.22%), the prevalence of depression was 51.30%. PTQ scores were significantly associated with PR and PE. The effect of PTQ on PR, but not PE, was moderated by the presence of depression. Among the participants with depression, lower PTQ scores were associated with greater PR, but such association was not observed in those without depression. Insomnia symptoms, presence of depression, age, and gender were not found to be associated with PR and PE, respectively.

Conclusion
RNT is associated with better performance in set-shifting among adolescents with insomnia. The result may be explained by the attentional scope model, which suggests that RNT enhances the ability to ignore irrelevant information to the tasks, thus exerting greater set-shifting ability. Further exploration with neuroimaging is needed to understand the relationship between RNT and set-shifting ability in the context of insomnia and psychopathology.

Support (if any)
This work was funded by General Research Fund (Ref. 17613820), Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee, Hong Kong SAR, China.
0971 Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Depression Changes Sleep Architecture: Preliminary Results
Authors: Fonseca Karina , Smith David , Higginson Caitlin , Shim Stacey , Cuda Jennifer , Drodge Jessica , Lanthier Malika , Porteous Meggan , McMurray Lisa , Tremblay Sara , Robillard Rebecca 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction
There is a bi-directional relationship between sleep and depression, with sleep difficulties contributing to the risk of treatment resistant depression. The existing literature regarding the influence of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) treatment on sleep is limited. The present study seeks to investigate changes in brain activity during sleep in individuals with treatment resistant depression undergoing rTMS treatment.

Methods
As part of an ongoing randomized, double-blind clinical trial, participants underwent four or six weeks of daily rTMS sessions targeting the left or bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Sleep was monitored at home with an ambulatory EEG device (Muse-S, Interaxon) or in the laboratory with standard polysomnography (N7000, Embla) for two consecutive nights before starting rTMS (the first night serving as an adaptation night) and one night after up to four weeks of rTMS.

Results
Our preliminary sample consisted of eight participants (25% females, age range: 31-64 years, M = 47.4, SD = 12.3). At baseline, all participants scored at least 15 on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression which corresponds to mild depression severity. On average, total sleep time did not change significantly from pre-intervention (6.2 + 1.3 hours) to after the last rTMS session (6.1 + 1.6 hours, p&gt;.050). After the last rTMS session (M=4.6, SD = 3.1), the percentage of NREM1 sleep shortened significantly relative to what was observed before the intervention (M=5.9, SD = 2.8; p = .042) . Changes in other sleep stages did not reach statistical significance.

Conclusion
These preliminary findings suggest that rTMS treatment may reduce light sleep without affecting overall sleep duration in individuals with treatment resistant depression. If replicated in larger samples, such findings may highlight rTMS as a potential means of alleviating poor sleep commonly linked to depression.

Support (if any)
This work was supported by the Royal’s Institute of Mental Health Research’s Emerging Research Innovators in Mental Health award, the Research Scholar Junior 1 grant (grant number 297133) from the Fonds de Recherche en Santé – Québec, and an anonymous donation.
0972 Rest-activity Rhythm Profiles in Major Depressive Disorder: A Cluster Analysis in Chinese Population
Authors: Poon Chun Yin , Ho Fiona Yan-Yee 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Previous research has demonstrated that rest-activity rhythm (RAR) profiles, formed by individual RAR characteristics, were linked to the severity of depressive symptoms. Further investigation into RAR profiles could potentially facilitate the identification of depression and validate its role in depression. This study aimed to identify the RAR profiles in samples with and without major depressive disorder (MDD).

Methods
Actigraphy data were collected from 70 Chinese adults (34 with current MDD and 36 age- and gender-matched healthy controls) aged between 18 and 64. RAR measures were computed based on the collected 7-day actigraphy data, and a data-driven cluster analysis was performed to identify distinct RAR profiles. The associations between the actigraphy-derived RAR profiles and various psychiatric symptom/health-related measures, including anxiety and depressive symptoms, insomnia severity, fatigue, and quality of life, were examined.

Results
Two distinct groups with different RAR features (“earlier/robust” group: n = 63, 90%; “later/irregular”; n = 7, 10%) were identified from the sample using cluster analysis. The “later/irregular” group exhibited later activity onset and acrophase, along with lower levels of robustness and regularity compared to the “earlier/robust” group. Regarding psychiatric symptom/health-related measures, the “later/irregular” group displayed significantly higher levels of depressive symptoms [t(8.77) = -3.36, p &lt;.05], insomnia severity [t(15.3) = -6.85, p &lt;.05], fatigue [t(8.80) = -2.68, p &lt;.05], and a higher percentage of participants with current MDD [χ2(1) = 4.30, p &lt;.05] relative to the “earlier/robust” group. However, insignificant differences in health-related quality of life [t(7.71) = 2.27, p =.054] were found between two groups.

Conclusion
The current findings contribute further evidence on the association between RAR profiles and MDD, suggesting that RAR profiles could potentially be a biological marker for identifying depression. The observed associations between RAR profiles and other related symptoms demonstrated the utility of RAR profiles in detecting other health-related concerns. However, it is important to note that confirmatory studies with larger sample sizes and longitudinal designs are necessary to validate these findings and reveal the underlying mechanisms and temporal relationship between circadian rhythms and depression.

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0980 Circadian Patterns of Aggressive Behaviors in a Mental Health Care Facility
Authors: Leveille Chloe , Oksit Defne , Fonseca Karina , Al-Hassan Niendow , Robillard Rebecca 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction
There are indications that circadian rhythms regulate certain aspects of emotions and behaviors. Yet, little is known about the potential diurnal rhythm of behavioral problems in individuals at risk for both circadian and emotional deregulation. This study investigates whether the frequency of aggressive behaviors among individuals receiving mental health care in a tertiary psychiatric facility follows a circadian pattern.

Methods
The timing of all “code white” alerts, emergency notifications of aggressive behavior, were documented from the hospital occupational safety team during 2022 and collated for secondary data analysis. A repeated measures ANOVA was performed on the hourly frequency of code white alerts across 24-hours and a Fourier series model was fitted to the data to extract parameters of a putative circadian curve.

Results
Preliminary results reveal a significant time of day effect on code white alerts (F(23, 8349) = 9.58, p &lt;.001). Visual inspection show a sinusoidal pattern in the hourly counts of code white alerts, with an acrophase between 2 PM and 3 PM and a nadir between 3AM and 4AM. This was confirmed by the curve fitting (Adjusted R-square =.91).

Conclusion
These initial findings suggest a circadian modulation in the occurrence of aggressive behaviours in people receiving mental health care. While further work is required to understand underlying mechanisms, this phenomenon may be linked to the decrease in alertness and energy levels in the afternoon, which may make emotional regulation and decision-making more challenging. Better understanding of the influence of circadian factors on aggressive behaviors may facilitate self-regulation strategies and guide healthcare teams in preventing and better tailoring their responses to behavioral emergencies.

Support (if any)
NA
0989 Examining the Relation Between ADHD Symptoms and Poor Sleep Quality: The Role of Household Chaos and Sleep Hygiene
Authors: Flannery Jamie , Ehret Natalie , Gondoli Dawn 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction
When compared to typically developing youth, adolescents with ADHD exhibit greater sleep disturbances (Becker et al., 2019). While research supports a link between ADHD and sleep disturbances, less is known about potential contextual mechanisms underlying this relation, and this gap hinders development of prevention and intervention efforts. Families of youth with ADHD are at higher risk of exhibiting poor sleep hygiene (Nikles et al., 2020) and of living in chaotic households, characterized by low structure, excessive noise, and instability (Agnew-Blais et al., 2022). Furthermore, sleep hygiene has mediated the relation between household chaos and adolescent sleep quality among those not assessed for ADHD (Billows et al., 2009). Therefore, we hypothesized that household chaos and sleep hygiene would sequentially mediate the relation between ADHD symptoms and sleep quality among adolescents.

Methods
A community sample of 259 mother-adolescent dyads (adolescent M age = 15.2 years; SD age = 1.18; 54.9% female) was recruited from across the United States via Facebook ads. Mothers rated adolescent ADHD symptom severity with the ADHD Rating Scale V (DuPaul et al., 1998). Adolescents completed the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (Buysse et al., 1989), Confusion, Hubbub and Order Scale (Matheny et al., 1995), and Adolescent Sleep Hygiene Scale (LeBourgeois et al., 2005).

Results
Utilizing structural equation modeling, we tested a model in which household chaos and sleep hygiene mediated the relation between ADHD symptoms and poor sleep quality after controlling for adolescent age and gender. All hypothesized direct pathways were significant and in the expected directions. Results examining indirect pathways indicated that the relation between ADHD symptoms and sleep quality was partially mediated through chaos (β = 0.08; p =.001), sleep hygiene (β = 0.06; p =.036), and sequentially mediated through chaos and sleep hygiene (β = 0.04; p =.003).

Conclusion
The results suggest that improving daily structure and stability of the household may not only improve sleep hygiene but may also help improve sleep in adolescents with ADHD symptoms. Furthermore, behavioral sleep interventions with components of sleep hygiene may benefit from targeting the routine and structure of the whole household rather than just the individual.

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0998 Sleeping It Off: Alcohol, Cannabis, and Alterations in Bedtime and Waketime in Women with Sleep and Pain Complaints
Authors: McGovney Kevin , Ohley Austin , Stearns Melanie , Curtis Ashley , Craggs Jason , Miller Mary Beth , McCrae Christina 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Alcohol and cannabis are among the most used psychoactive substances. Many people use alcohol and cannabis with the belief that they will promote sleep, but both substances are linked to sleep problems. However, the relationships between alcohol and cannabis consumption and fluctuations in circadian rhythm are less clear. Hence, we examined the intraindividual associations between alcohol and cannabis consumption on a given day and subsequent deviations from typical bedtime and waketime.

Methods
Two hundred and fifty-one adults with sleep and pain complaints (Mage = 42.14 yrs, SD = 13.75 yrs, range = 18-81 yrs, 100% female) completed two weeks of daily sleep diaries. Mean bedtimes and waketimes were calculated in minutes, and daily calculations were performed to determine one’s daily deviation from mean bedtime and waketime. Multi-level models examined associations between the number of alcoholic drinks per day, the number of times consuming cannabis per day, and daily deviation from mean bedtime and waketime. Analyses controlled for daily usage of sleep medications (yes/no) and weekends (yes/no).

Results
Greater numbers of alcoholic drinks on a given day were associated with later waketimes on the following day (B = -8.15, SE = 1.77, p &lt;.001), and greater numbers of alcoholic drinks were trending significance (p = .07) with daily deviation in bedtime. In context, every additional drink for an individual on a given day was associated with a nearly 8-minute delay in that individual’s waketime on the following morning. Number of times using cannabis was not associated with deviations from typical bedtime (p = .80) nor waketime (p = .90).

Conclusion
Our daily level analyses conducted in a large sample of women suggest that more alcoholic drinks on a given night are linked to later waketimes. Results are dose dependent such that heavier drinking is linked to a larger shift in waketimes (5 drinks = 40 minutes) relative to lighter drinking (1 drink = 8 minutes). Future research could include experimental techniques like alcohol administration and polysomnography to better understand the relationship between alcohol and circadian rhythm.

Support (if any)
National Institute of Nursing Research (NR01768; Clinical trial: NCT03744156; PI: McCrae).
A dynamic, multilevel process evaluation of a produce prescription program at a federally qualified health center: 2017–2021 description, implementation, and infrastructure
Authors: Ylitalo Kelly R , Cox Wendy , Janda-Thomte Kathryn M , Walter Katie , Gill John , Hess Burritt 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The “Food as Medicine” (FAM) movement encourages public health and medical professionals to recognize the importance of dietary patterns and food access. The purpose of this work was to describe patient and physician engagement with a produce prescription (PRx) program to improve access to fresh vegetables in a healthcare setting. A Federally Qualified Health Center, regenerative farm, and academic institution partnered for the PRx program (2017–21). During harvest seasons, patients redeemed “prescriptions” for initial and “refill” produce boxes. Baseline food insecurity surveys were embedded in electronic medical records. Refill surveys assessed satisfaction and confidence. Electronic surveys to prescribing physicians assessed program knowledge, expectations, and motivations. Across 8 biannual harvests generating 9986 produce boxes, 8046 patients received prescriptions, 6227 redeemed prescriptions for ≥1 box, and 720 redeemed for ≥2 boxes. Seasonally, initial redemption rates ranged from 64.5% to 82.7%; refill rates ranged from 6.8% to 16.7%. Among participants, 70.8% sometimes/often worried food would run out and 66.7% sometimes/often ran out of food. Among those with refills, there was high satisfaction with food quality (95.8%) and variety (97.2%), and 94.2% were confident preparing meals from produce. Among physicians (n = 22), 100% self-reported adequate knowledge about PRx for patient recommendations, and 100% believed PRx had benefit for patients. Chronic conditions (77%), low socioeconomic status (64%), and food insecurity (59%) were common motivating factors for prescriptions. We demonstrated the feasibility of implementing a cross-sector, seasonal PRx program within a multisite healthcare system. More research is needed to refine implementation toward greater patient refill rates.
Chronic exposure to Zearalenone leads to endometrial hyperplasia in CD-1 mice by altering the inflammatory markers
Authors: Singh Varsha , Mandal Payal , Chauhan Shweta Singh , Saifi Ishrat Jahan , Marhaba  , Sandeep P V , Jagdale Pankaj , Ayanur Anjaneya , Ansari Kausar Mahmood 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Zearalenone (ZEA), a natural food contaminant, is reported to act as a mycoestrogen due to its estrogen-mimicking properties. According to studies, ZEA has a greater potential for estrogenic activity compared to any other naturally occurring non-steroidal estrogen. ZEA has been found in the endometrium of individuals with reproductive problems and the serum of children facing early puberty. These studies suggested a possible link between ZEA exposure and endometrial toxicity; nonetheless, no thorough research has been done. This study assessed the endometrium’s response to chronic ZEA exposure.

Methods
Four groups of CD-1 female mice were exposed to control, estradiol (E2), and two different doses of ZEA for 90 days. At the end of treatment, blood and uterus were collected, and samples were used for inflammatory cytokines level, immunochemical, histopathological, and biophysical analysis.

Results
Our data indicated that the uterus showed a change in body/organ weight ratio, while other organs did not have any notable changes. Immunochemical and histological studies showed hyperplasia and a higher number of glands in the endometrium after ZEA and E2 exposure. Similarly, proliferation markers such as proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Ki-67, and inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 8 (IL-8), and interferon-gamma (IFN-?) levels were found to be higher in the E2 and ZEA-exposed groups.

Conclusion
Our finding conclude that ZEA targets the uterus and cause inflammation due to increased levels of inflammatory cytokines and proliferation mediators, as well as systemic toxicity denoted by a strong binding affinity with serum proteins.
The beneficial and toxic effects of selenium on zebrafish. A systematic review of the literature
Authors: Lin Yuanshan , Hu Liyun , Li Xinhang , Ma Jie , Li Qipeng , Yuan Xiaofan , Zhang Yuan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Selenium is an important and essential trace element in organisms, but its effects on organisms are also a “double-edged sword”. Selenium deficiency or excess can endanger the health of humans and animals. In order to thoroughly understand the nutritional value and toxicity hazards of selenium, researchers have conducted many studies on the model animal zebrafish. However, there is a lack of induction and summary of relevant research on which selenium acts on zebrafish. This paper provides a review of the reported studies. Firstly, this article summarizes the benefits of selenium on zebrafish from three aspects: Promoting growth, Enhancing immune function and anti-tumor ability, Antagonizing some pollutants, such as mercury. Then, three aspects of selenium toxicity to zebrafish are introduced: nervous system and behavior, reproductive system and growth, and damage to some organs. This article also describes how different forms of selenium compounds have different effects on zebrafish health. Finally, prospects for future research directions are presented.
The Role of Long Noncoding RNAs in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotype and the Pathogenesis of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Aneurysms
Authors: Deng Hao-wei , Ye Zi-ming , Hu Rui-ting , Qin Chao 
Published: April 2024

Abstract:
Aneurysms are localized dilations of blood vessels, which can expand to 50% of the original diameter. They are more common in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular vessels. Rupture is one of the most dangerous complications. The pathophysiology of aneurysms is complex and diverse, often associated with progressive vessel wall dysfunction resulting from vascular smooth muscle cell death and abnormal extracellular matrix synthesis and degradation. Multiple studies have shown that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a significant role in the progression of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to find and summarize them. LncRNAs control gene expression and disease progression by regulating target mRNA or miRNA and are biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of aneurysmal cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. This review explores the role, mechanism, and clinical value of lncRNAs in aneurysms, providing new insights for a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular aneurysms.