bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P02-328 - Effect of Group Therapy on Anxiety and Depression in Dialysis Patients
Authors: Ahmadvand A. , Saei R. , Sepehrmanesh Z. , Ghanbary A. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesHemodialysis as a treatment manner in chronic renal failure is a stressful process and has several various psycho-cognitive and social complications. This procedure can made mental disorder in these patients. Therefore it is better that moreover prescription of medication in hemodialysis centers, psychological interventions is done for patient's rehabilitation too.MethodsThis research is a quasi experimental and clinical trial study. Samples were young adults who were 18- 45 aged. The Beck depression & anxiety inventories were used as a measure of psychological symptoms at pretest and post test. Cognitive-behavioral group therapy as intervention was done at 12 week. Information were analyzed with SPSS-16 and Paired t-test and Analysis variance one way.ResultsThe result showed a significant difference between anxiety and depression before and after intervention in case group (p=0/0001) and there was not a significant difference among variables such as: age, sex, education and economic level, dialysis long time with anxiety and depression among in studied group.ConclusionsThis research shows that group therapy (cognitive- behavioral) has been decreased depression and anxiety remarkably in dialysis patients. Therefore it is suggested that moreover description of medication, psychological interventions are done for this patients.
P02-334 - Functional Neural Correlates of Mindfulness Meditations and A Comparison with Psychotherapy, Pharmacotherapy and Placebo: is there a Link?
Authors: Chiesa A. , Serretti A. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectiveMindfulness meditations (MM) are a group of meditation practices which are recently receiving growing attention. Following the increasing interest towards the neural correlates of meditation, particularly Mindfulness meditations (MM), the aim of the present work is to review current findings about the neural correlates of MM and compare such findings to those of further specific and non specific treatments.MethodsA literature search was undertaken using MEDLINE, ISI web of knowledge, the Cochrane database and references of retrieved articles. Studies which focused on the functional neural correlates of MM, psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy and placebo published up to August 2009 were screened by the reviewers in order to be considered for the inclusion.ResultsMain findings suggest that long term MM practice could allow a more flexible emotional regulation by engaging frontal cortical structures to dampen automatic amygdala activation when it is needed. A great overlap could exist between cerebral areas activated during MM, psychotherapy,pharmacotherapy and those activated by expectancy in placebo studies. However, while MM, psychotherapy and placebo could act through a top-down regulation, antidepressants could act through a bottom-up process.ConclusionMM could target specific brain areas related to emotions and emotional regulation. Consistent similarities could exist between MM and other interventions, particularly psychotherapy. Despite these promising findings, however, further research is needed in order to extend current findings, to more deeply compare MM to other treatments and to better investigate the neurochemical correlates of MM.
P02-337 - Melancholy Turning into Ashes the Fire of Hysteria
Authors: D‘Ottaviano F.T.M. , Santos A. , Barioni P.M. , Freire J.M.G. , Jacintho A.C.d.Á. , Pereira M.E.C. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesTo discuss the paradigm of melancholy in hysteria.Methodscase report of M., a 45 year-old woman, who is under psychotherapy and psychiatric treatment at the General Hospital of the University of Campinas (HC Unicamp).ResultsK. is a 45 year-old divorced mother and former teacher, who started psychotherapy and psychiatric treatment at HC Unicamp in 2007, two years after the death of her father.Since such loss,K. made several violent suicide attempts: she jumped from the balcony of her apartment, took an overdose of medications, and set fire to her body in front of the mirror, which caused permanent scars. During both the psychotherapy sessions and the psychiatric consultations, K. frequently expressed how her life had lost its meaning after the death of her father. She mentioned she was no longer able to love and had no reason to continue living. She also complained about her ex-husband, from whom she was divorced after being betrayed, and about her children, who did not give her, according to her point of view, enough attention and care.ConclusionsThe patient is inside a typical hysterical scene, a “spectacle” composed by dramatic acts against her life. However, it is undeniable her identification with the lost object, her father. By setting fire to her own body in front of the mirror, she shows a melancholic kind of satisfaction with the pain, caused by a massive and destructive narcissism turned against herself.
P02-347 - Therapeutic Processes in Family Groups for Hospitalized Patients with Major Depression: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Lemmens G. , Hellemans S. , De Mol J. , Buysse A. , Demyttenaere K. 
Published: June 2010

IntroductionFamily-based interventions have shown to be effective in the treatment of major depression. In a recent RCT, systemic family groups led to significantly higher rates of treatment responders and higher rates of patients no longer using antidepressant medication at 15 months follow-up compared to standard care.ObjectivesIn order to better understand the underlying mechanisms of change, helpful treatment experiences of depressive patients and their partners in the family groups were explored.Methods34 depressive patients and their partners were asked to fill out an open-ended questionnaire investigating helpful experiences during treatment at the end of a 6 bi-weekly group session cycle. Responses were analyzed using the interpretative phenomenological approach (IPA) by three different researchers.ResultsTen recurring themes were reported as helpful by both the depressed patients and their partners:(1)Presence,(2)Cohesion,(3)Support,(4)Openness,(5)Discussion,(6)Self revelation,(7)Insight,(8)Progress,(9)Observational experiences and(10)Guidance from therapist.ConclusionsThe results of this study help to get insights in the therapeutic factors, which should be emphasized in family groups.
P02-358 - Clinical Findings on Computergame Addiction: The Role of Personality, Stress and Coping
Authors: Müller K. 
Published: June 2010

IntroductionBehavioral addictions, like computergame addiction respectively internet addiction, have become a growing concern in research. Currently similarities between behavioral addictions and substance dependency are discussed in the scientific community controversially. Unfortunately a mismatch exists between high rates of treatment seeking people and low rates of scientific studies on computergame-addiction, especially concerning risk factors and their contribution to the etiology of computergame addiction.ObjectivesThe aim of this contribution is to shed light on possible etiological factors of computergame addiction concerning personality and vulnerability to stress in clients of the “Ambulanz für Spielsucht”, a specialized outpatient clinic at the University of Mainz.Methods131 clients were testet with several psychometric measures including ACA-S (Scale for the Assessment of Computergame-Addiction), SCL-90R (Symptom Checklist 90R), NEO-FFI (NEO Five-Factory-Inventory) and Brief-COPE.Results69.4% (91 clients) fulfilled criteria for computergame addiction, 30.6% (40 persons) showed no psychopathology. The examination unveilled several caracteristics in addicted computergamers: They revealed higher levels concerning Global Severity Index (GSI), with increased subscales of depression and social insecurity. They showed significantly higher scores in the personality factor “Neuroticism” and decreased scores in the factors “Extraversion” and “Conscientiousness”. Addicted computergamers stand out from normal gamers in respect of nature of coping strategies, making predominantly use of avoiding ones.ConclusionsThe results contribute to a better understanding of underlying mechanisms leading to and sustaining addictive computergame behavior. The role of maladaptive coping strategies and social insecurity points out the necessity to add appropriate elements to psychotherapeutic intervention strategies.
P02-366 - A Preliminary Study of the Psychoeducational Effects on Cognitive Impairment in Euthymic Bipolar Outpatients
Authors: Šprah L. , Novak T. , Dernovšek M.Z. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesSeveral neurocognitive deficits present in the euthymic state of bipolar disorder suggest that some of them could be seen as vulnerability trait markers of the illness. Psychoeducation proved as effective therapeutic approach which decreases the risk of relapse and prolongs remission. In our study we aimed to examine the psychoeducational effects on cognitive functioning in the sample of euthymic bipolar outpatients.MethodsA neuropsychological tests battery for assessing selective attention (Emotional and Colour-Word Stroop), cognitive control (Emotional Go/NoGo task) and social cognition (Face recognition task and Recognition of emotional expression task) was administered to 29 bipolar euthymic outpatients before and after attendance at six weeks psychoeducation program. The same procedure was applied on 10 bipolar euthymic outpatients without participating in psychoeducation.ResultsDespite statistically insignificant differences between groups in cognitive performance, some considerable within group differences in domains of selective attention and cognitive control of emotional stimuli emerged. In the Emotional Stroop there was faster processing speed of emotional stimuli after psychoeducation compared to baseline in the intervention group which was not found in the control group. Similarly, coping with emotional stimuli in different emotional contexts markedly improved in the intervention group compared to the control group. Changes in social cognition, in particular better recognition of negative affect were found in the bipolar group with psychoeducation but not in the control group.ConclusionsThough preliminary, our results support psychoeducation as clinically feasible way of cognitive rehabilitation in terms of improved cognitive control of emotional stimuli in bipolar patients.
P01-407 - Prevalence of Previous Bone Fracture in a Schizophrenic Population
Authors: Agarwal N. , Agarwal S. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesSchizophrenic patients may be more susceptible to bone fractures because of the mental illness and/or the effects of psychotropic drugs. However, these patients also suffer from other medical conditions which may further increase their risk. The objective of this study was to make a general assessment of previous bone fractures in schizophrenics seen in an Internist's office.MethodsWe questioned 115 consecutive patients with the primary diagnosis of schizophrenia, seen in an Internist's office, for a wide variety of medical problems. Of these seventy nine (68.7%) were males and thirty six (31.3%) were females. Their ages ranged from 19 to 81. They were all on psychotropic drugs and under the care of a psychiatrist.ResultsOf the total number of 115 patients, fifty one (44%) gave a history of previous bone fractures. Thirty eight (33%) gave a history of single fractures and thirteen (11.3%) gave a history of multiple fractures. Twenty six (22.6%) involved fractures of the upper limbs and twenty three (20%) involved fractures of the lower limbs and eight (6.9%) involved fractures of both the upper and lower limbs. Thirteen (11.3%) had non-extremity fractures. Of these eight (61.5%) had only non-extremity fractures and five (38.5%) had non-extremity fractures in addition to extremity fractures.ConclusionWe found a significantly high prevalence of previous bone fractures in this schizophrenic population. Further study is necessary to elucidate whether this elevated risk is due to the mental illness, the use of psychotropic drugs, both, or some other associated etiology.
P01-408 - Incidence of Hypothyroidism in Schizophrenics Seen in An Internist's Office
Authors: Agarwal N. , Agarwal S. 
Published: June 2010

IntroductionHypothyroidism is common in the general population. Since symptoms and signs of hypothyroidism often mimic or overlap those of schizophrenia, they might be an under diagnosis of hypothyroidism in this population. Further, these patients may not be regularly seen by an Internist and may not be subject to routine thyroid profile testing. Treating occult thyroid abnormality is critical in these patients.MethodsWe studied the thyroid panel in 64 consecutive patients with schizophrenia seen in an Internist's office. Of these forty six (71.9%) were males and eighteen (28.1%) were females. The age ranged from 19 to 82. They were all on psychotropic medications. None were on lithium or thyroid supplementation. None of the patients exhibited clinical signs or symptoms of hypothyroidism. All of these patients underwent a routine thyroid profile testing.ResultsOf these 64 patients, two (3.1%) patients were found to have elevated TSH. One had normal T3 and normal free T4, indicating subclinical hypothyroidism. The second patient had low T3 and low free T4 indicating overt hypothyroidism. Sixty two (96.9%) patients had an euthyroid profile.ConclusionIn our study of 64 consecutive schizophrenic patients seen in an Internist's office, two were found to suffer from undiagnosed and untreated hypothyroidism. This limited study suggests that although not as common as suggested by the literature, undiagnosed and untreated hypothyroidism does exist in this population. All patients with schizophrenia should undergo a routine thyroid profile testing as part of a regular medical physical exam.
P02-213 - QTc Interval Changes During ECT-Ziprasidone-Quetiapine-Tricyclics Co-Administration: Safety Issues
Authors: Oulis P. , Florakis A. , Markatou M. , Tzanoulinos G. , Konstantakopoulos G. , Papadimitriou G. , Masdrakis V. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesBoth tricyclic antidepressants and some atypical antipsychotics, such as ziprasidone and quetiapine, used as augmentation agents in severe major depression, are known to increase QTc interval to a moderate extent (10-20 msec). Moreover, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) also increases patients’ propensity to arrhythmias. Finally, females are more prone than males to both drug-induced QTc prolongation and torsades-de-pointes. Thus, the combination of all the above treatments raises serious safety concerns. We investigated the safety of the co-administration of ECT with a tricyclic-ziprasidone-quetiapine combination with respect to QTc interval in six female patients with severe major depression resistant to pharmacotherapy.MethodsEach patient underwent a series of 10-11 sessions of bilateral ECT. QTc intervals were calculated at baseline and several times up to 10 min after seizures cessation in a total of 63 patients/ECT sessions.ResultsA small initial decrease of QTc after the administration of pre-ECT medications was followed by its steady statistically non-significant increase during the first 20 sec after seizure cessation. Thereafter, a steady larger and statistically significant decrease of QTc emerged during the ensuing 21-50 sec interval. Finally, this decrease was gradually reversed within the following 2 min approximately with return of QTc interval to stable baseline levels.ConclusionsOverall, QTc interval changes remained within normal limits (fixed at 470 msec in women), without the occurrence of any cardiac adverse events, especially severe arrhythmias such as torsades-de-pointes. Our findings suggest that the co-administration of these treatments might be safe, at least with respect to QTc interval changes.
P03-100 - Experience of Using High and Low Doses of Cerebrolizin at Patients with Rezidiual Schizophrenia
Authors: Khodjaeva N. , Nurmukhamedov B. , Kaminskiy V. , Shamsiev A. 
Published: June 2010

IntroductionUsing high and low doses of cerebrolizin at patients with rezidiual schizophreniaObjectivesThe purpose of the present research was comparative clinical-pharmacological studying with estimation cognitive functions of high and low doses Cerebrolysinum at patients with residual schizophrenia.MethodsIn total 37 patients the majority from which were male (89%), at the age of 50-55 years have been included in research. Duration of disease mainly 5-10 years. All patients had physical inability of 2 groups on mental disease, accepted neuroleptics throughout all illness, and last year - in invariable doses.Patients in any order were distributed on three therapeutic groups:1.high doses “Cerebrolysinum” (10 ml) - 17.2.low doses “Cerebrolysinum” (1 ml) - 10.3.not accepting “Cerebrolysinum” - 10.Duration of research - 4 weeks.ResultsBy the end of therapy at 10% of patients of 1st group the expressed improvement, at 73% - substantial improvement, and only in 17% cases - minor improvement. In 2nd group of the patients accepting low doses “Cerebrolysinum”, efficiency of therapy was essentially more low: at 27% of patients minor improvement, at 69% - minimum has been reached, and in 4% cases of positive dynamics by the therapy end wasn’t observed. In control group (3rd) at 90% of patients by the end of therapy the condition remains without changes, and 10% - had insignificant deterioration.ConclusionUsing high doses of “Cerebrolysinum” gives high results in treatment of residual schizophrenia.
P03-101 N-Acetyl-cysteine in Augmentation to Atypical Antipsychotics Improves Cognitive Symptoms in Subjects with Schizophrenia
Authors: Di Rosa A.E. , Cambria R. , Pata M. , Crescenti M.C. 
Published: June 2010

Recent studies have shown that N-acetyl-cysteine added to neuroleptics might ameliorate negative and positive symptoms in schizophrenia. This could be related to the ability to interact with the cysteine/glutammate antiporter and to restore the intraneuronal rate of reduced gluthatione. This could also lead to an improvement of cognitive-executive functions.ObjectivesThe aim of our study is the evaluation of co-administration of N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) in cognitive functions in a sample of patients affected by schizophrenia diagnosed according to DSM IV-TR criteria, and treated with stable atypical antipsychotic therapy.Materials & methodsWe administered NAC (1800 mg/die) to 12 male patients, tested each patient at baseline and re-tested after 90 days using a battery of neurocognitive tests (Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Verbal Fluency Test, Stroop Test) and PANSS scale for severity symptomatology evaluation. The results obtained in each test at baseline were compared with those at the end of the study.ResultsA significant improvement for WCST error numbers (sig. 0.049), VFT fonemic (sig. 0.049), PANSS positive (sig. 0.028), negative (sig. 0.002) and total (sig. 0.024) was observed. MeanSDError SDtsig.2-codeWCST error nr17.516.536.742.59.049*VFT fonemic-1211.374.64-2.58.049*VFT semantic-5.511.094.52-1.21.279ΔT Stroop Test20.6734.7914.21.45.205PANSS pos3.52.811.143.05.028*PANSS neg4.51.870.765.89.002*PANSS psycho0.54.761.940.26.807PANSS total8.56.52.653.2.024*Statistical correlations day 0-day 90 (sig. ≤ 0.05)ConclusionsOur results show that co-administration of N-acetyl-cysteine added to atypical antipsychotic therapy improves the cognitive-executive functions. The effectiveness on reducing positive and negative symptoms was confirmed.
P03-108 - Simple Schizophrenia: Report of Two Cases
Authors: Ramalho e Silva F. , Ribeiro A.E. 
Published: June 2010

IntroductionSimple schizophrenia (SS) is an uncommon disorder that may go unrecognized. SS occupies an ambiguous position in the current international classification systems, due to its theoretical poor reliability and doubtful validity. Only International Classification of Diseases recognizes SS as a distinct subtype of schizophrenia.AimsThe authors aim to illustrate the practical relevance of this diagnosis, through the presentation of two clinical pictures consistent with SS.Case 1: 21-year-old woman, attending our outpatient unit since 2007 because of behavioral changes: she used to interact with three stuffed dolls for hours, considering them as the members of a famous rock band. Gradually, these symptoms lost preponderance and became evident a marked decline in her academic functioning, social withdrawal with difficulty in interpersonal contact, affective flattening and significant lack of concern for about her previous interests.Case 2: 21 year-old man, attending irregularly our outpatient unit since 2006 due to behavioral changes. The patient has showed a progressive clinical picture consisting of puerility, evasive, poor, and sometimes disorganized speech, abulia, apathy, and social withdrawal. Nowadays he has no social relationships and no productive tasks. Despite some ideas of reference, he never presented overt psychotic or affective symptoms.ConclusionsSS may be a laboring diagnosis due to its insidious nature and preponderance of vague, negative symptoms. These cases illustrate that SS is a suitable diagnosis for some clinical presentations, and the need of improved recognition of this entity. Recent studies suggest SS reintroduction as a valid and reliable subtype of schizophrenia.
P03-113 - Treatment of Extrapyramidal Symptoms Due to Neuroleptic Drugs Use
Authors: Ron Wang N. , Pequeno M.D.L. , Spacacheri J. , Ropero Pelaez J. , Rogeri P. , Freitas A. , Taniguchi S. 
Published: June 2010

IntroductionThe extra pyramidal effects related to the use of neuroleptics are a limiting factor in schizophrenia treatment.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to identify the neuroleptics prescribed for schizophrenic patients in a public health service, the extra pyramidal symptoms (EPS) incidence and its treatment.MethodsOur restrospective study included 40 patients with mean age of 39.13 ± 2.19 in a treatment period of of 134.17 ± 16.83 days. The data were randomly collected from medical records of these patients.ResultsThe patients under study received typical neuroleptics (31.03%),atypical agents (37.93%) or association of both (31.03%). EPS was observed in 65.52% patients of which, 44.83% even though receiving biperiden 2mg, still have EPS. 20.69% were not receiving anticolinergic drug treatment for EPS, but promethazine or anticonvulsants. From the 34.48% who did not showed EPS, 20.69% had biperiden prescription and 13.79 % had been treated with olanzapine, clozapine or risperidone associated or not to clonazepam 2mg. Weigth gain of 5.20 ± 1.14 kg was observed in our total sample.ConclusionsWe suggest the use of EPS evaluation scale (Sympson - Angus or Barnes). 65.52 % of the patients under study had EPS and 20.69% of them had no prescription of central acting anticholinergic drug. 44.83% even though receiving biperiden 2mg, still have EPS.