bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
At‐Home and In‐Office Bleaching Protocols on the Color Match of Restorations Made With Single‐Shade Composites
Authors: Ramos Luciana Vasconcelos , Aparicio Dayana Fernandes Rocha , Faria‐e‐Silva André Luis , do Prado Maíra , Pintor Andréa Vaz Braga , Magno Marcela Baraúna 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study evaluated the color match of restorations made with single‐shade composites following two protocols of tooth bleaching.Materials and MethodsCavities in the cervical third of bovine crowns were restored using single‐shade composites (Omnichroma or Vittra Unique) or a multi‐shade composite restoration strategy (Filtek Z350 XT). The color of both the restoration and the middle third of the unrestored tooth were recorded. The Whiteness Index for Dentistry (WID) and color differences (ΔE00) between the two areas were calculated. Specimens underwent bleaching using in‐office or at‐home protocols, and color evaluations were repeated at 24 h, 7 days, and 14 days post‐bleaching. Data were analyzed using MANOVA and repeated measures ANOVA.ResultsBleaching protocols did not significantly affect WID or ΔE00 values. The highest WID values were observed for Vittra Unique, and the lowest for Filtek Z350 XT. Tooth bleaching did not affect ΔE00 values for restorations made with the multi‐shade strategy, but it resulted in a reduction for those made with the single‐shade strategy, regardless of the composite brand.ConclusionTooth bleaching protocols differentially affected the color match of restorations made using single‐shade composites compared to multi‐shade restorations.Clinical RelevanceTooth bleaching protocols have a limited effect on the color of composites but can influence the color match between the restoration and the surrounding enamel. Specifically, color mismatches tend to decrease for lighter materials, such as single‐shade composites, after tooth bleaching, improving the overall esthetic integration of the restoration with the natural tooth structure.
Considering human development and family science from an HBCU faculty perspective: Commentary on Dyer
Authors: Ross Jennifer J. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe article by Dyer (2024) tells the origin story of human development and family science (HDFS). Dyer suggested that HDFS inherited its discipline and department from home economics, but the phasing out of home economics from academia has led to disciplinary fragmentation. This commentary is rooted in my experiences as an HDFS scholar, faculty at two different historically Black universities, and mentor to underrepresented scholars. I have found an academic home in the departments of Family and Consumer Sciences, Psychology, and HDFS. Each department has served my scholarship of discovery thereby demonstrating the disciplinary fragmentation stressed by Dyer. Commonalities and points of distinction across these departments and institutions are discussed following a brief primer on Historically Black Colleges or Universities (HBCUs). Considering the origin story and focus of HDFS at HBCUs would further strengthen our position in the academy.
The Halo Effect: Perceptions of Information Privacy Among Healthcare Chatbot Users
Authors: Ellis Jessica R. , Dellavalle Natalia S. , Hamer Mika K. , Akerson Marlee , Andazola Matt , Moore Annie A. , Campbell Eric G. , DeCamp Matthew 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundPatient‐facing chatbots can be used for administrative tasks, personalized care reminders, and overcoming transportation or geographic barriers in healthcare. Although some data suggest older adults see privacy as an ethical barrier to adopting digital technologies, little is known about privacy concerns regarding information shared with novel patient‐facing chatbots. We sought to examine attitudes toward privacy based on age or other sociodemographic characteristics.MethodsWe conducted a sequential mixed methods study among patient users of a large healthcare system chatbot. We purposively oversampled by race and ethnicity to survey 3089 patient chatbot users online using de novo and validated items. Next, we conducted semi‐structured interviews with users (n = 46) purposively sampled based on diversity or select survey responses. We used multivariable logistic regression to analyze survey data and modified grounded theory to analyze interviews. We integrated data using simultaneous visualization and triangulation.ResultsWe received 617/3089 surveys (response rate, 20.0%). Overall, 370/597 (63.9%) expressed worry about the privacy of information shared with the chatbot. Logistic regression found that users ≥ 65 years were 26% points less likely to be worried about information privacy compared to those 18–34 years old (p < 0.001). We found less worry among Black, non‐Hispanic users and among those with more than a four‐year college degree. By integrating our survey and interview data, we observed that older adult users experienced a halo effect: they worried less because they saw the chatbot as associated with a trusted health system and experienced lower medical mistrust.ConclusionContrary to some prior research, adults aged 65 and older expressed less concern about chatbot privacy than younger adults because of their trust in health care. To maintain this trust and build it among all users, health systems using patient‐facing chatbots need to take active steps to maintain and communicate patient privacy protections.
The Clinical Burden of SARS‐CoV‐2 Compared to Influenza A in the Same Cohort of Paediatric Outpatients; Increased Influenza Severity and Potential Insights
Authors: Athina Papadopoulou , Stavroula Lampidi , Despoina Zoe Mermiri T. , Stavroula Kostaridou , Maria Kanariou G. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe variation in the clinical severity of viral infections remains a matter of scientific debate. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) and Influenza A virus (IAV) are both RNA viruses, exhibiting a range of clinical presentations, ranging from asymptomatic cases to fatalities, influenced by both viral and host factors. A descriptive real‐life study was conducted, aiming to compare the clinical manifestations of recent COVID‐19 with those of IAV infection in the same group of non‐hospitalised, unvaccinated children.Materials and MethodBetween September 2021 and February 2023, we evaluated 115 individuals (male 48.7%, mean age 101.8 ± 50.8 months) who had not received vaccination for both SARS‐CoV‐2 and the quadrivalent influenza vaccine and were documented to be infected with both viruses within a 12‐month time interval. The visual analogue scale (VAS‐5) was used to assess parents'/patients' evaluation comparing the two infections.ResultsIn cases of IAV infection, a significantly higher prevalence of prolonged high fever, upper and lower respiratory symptoms, and secondary infections was observed. The majority (74.8%) of patients and/or parents assessed IAV as a more severe clinical syndrome compared with SARS‐CoV‐2.ConclusionsThe clinical burden of IAV was found to be greater than that of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in the same unvaccinated children. This variation in clinical severity may provide a reference for effective vaccination policies; however, underlying mechanisms that could explain this difference require further evaluation.
Collection of Antarctic micrometeorites stored in the surface snow near the Dome Fuji Station
Authors: Noguchi Takaaki , Tominaga Takahito , Takase Minako , Yamaguchi Akira , Imae Naoya 
Published: February 2025

AbstractOver a period of 16 years, we collected Antarctic micrometeorites (AMMs) preserved in 1‐t snow samples from the surface to a depth of ~10–15 cm near Dome Fuji Station, Antarctica. A total of 1025 AMMs were identified: 843 unmelted AMMs, 51 scoriaceous ones, and 131 cosmic spherules. Their average sizes were 40, 64, and 40 μm, respectively. The accretion rate of AMMs was inferred to be (3.3 ± 1.8) × 103 t year−1, based on the snow accumulation rate near Dome Fuji Station. We compared the Dome Fuji collection (DFC) with our previous Tottuki #5 collection (T5C) recovered from blue ice in 2000. Regardless of the collection methods, the full range size distributions of AMMs were well fitted by lognormal functions. In 2019 and 2020, we applied a freeze‐drying (FD) system to collect AMMs. We identified 21 AMMs from 17 kg of surface snow. Both GEMS (glass with embedded metal and sulfide)‐rich chondritic porous (CP) AMMs and hydrated fine‐grained (H f‐g) AMMs were identified. No detectable mineralogical differences were observed between a CP AMM from the DFC‐FD and one from the DFC, suggesting that ~6 h of exposure to cold water (<8.7°C) did not affect the mineralogy of CP AMMs.
The trabecular and compact myocardium of adult vertebrate ventricles are transcriptionally similar despite morphological differences
Authors: Mulleners Otto J. , van der Maarel Lieve E. , Christoffels Vincent M. , Jensen Bjarke 
Published: February 2025

AbstractA poorly understood, major event in heart evolution is the convergent prioritization in mammals and birds of compact myocardium over trabecular myocardium. Compact myocardium is thought to facilitate the greater cardiac outputs that distinguish endothermic mammals and birds from ectotherms, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. We used transcriptomics to investigate whether the compact layer myocardium is intrinsically different from that of the trabecular layer. In the embryonic mouse heart, spatial transcriptomics revealed that 3% of detected genes were differentially expressed between trabecular and compact myocardium. In the adult, this analysis yielded only 0.2% differentially expressed genes. Additionally, the transcriptomes of both embryonic trabecular and compact myocardium greatly differed from those of the adult myocardium. Reanalysis of available single‐cell transcriptomes showed relationships between human embryonic and adult trabecular and compact myocardium similar to those in mice. Analysis of new and published transcriptomes from adult zebra finch, zebrafish, and tuna revealed few differentially expressed genes (<0.6%) and no conservation between species. We conclude that the transcriptional states of developing trabecular and compact myocardium do not persist into adulthood. In adult hearts, the compact layer myocardium is not intrinsically different from that of the trabecular layer despite the overt morphological differences.
Comparative efficacy of biologics and small molecule drugs in treating pediatric atopic dermatitis in patients aged 2–18 years: A 12–16 week network meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Yong Su‐Boon , Ting Berne , Malau Ikbal Andrian , Wu Suet‐Kei , Huang Xin‐Zhi , Wang Jiu‐Yao , Jingling Li , Wei Chang‐Ching 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundAtopic dermatitis (AD) predominantly manifests before age five, with significant phenotype variations across age groups. Despite increasing systemic treatments for pediatric AD, head‐to‐head comparisons in network meta‐analyses focused on children are scarce.MethodsThrough systematic searches of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library up to March 2024, we identified randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating systemic treatments for moderate‐to‐severe AD in children aged 2–18 years. From 900 screened articles, 8 RCTs (n = 2636) met inclusion criteria, comparing dupilumab, baricitinib, upadacitinib, and abrocitinib versus placebo with standard care. Primary outcome was Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) scores at 12–16 weeks.ResultsUpadacitinib demonstrated highest efficacy at both 30 mg (risk difference [RD] 0.62 [0.53, 0.71]) and 15 mg (RD 0.52 [0.42, 0.62]). Dupilumab (weight‐based dosing with corticosteroids; RD 0.43 [0.29, 0.57]), abrocitinib (200 mg; RD 0.40 [0.29, 0.50]; 100 mg; RD 0.30 [0.20, 0.41]), and baricitinib (4 mg; RD 0.21 [0.06, 0.35]) also showed significant efficacy over placebo.ConclusionThis analysis establishes a hierarchy of effectiveness among systemic therapies for pediatric AD, with upadacitinib showing highest efficacy. However, the predominance of adolescent data emphasizes the need for age‐stratified studies in younger children and long‐term safety assessments.
CmCYC2d is a Regulator of Leaf Abaxial Curling in Chrysanthemum morifolium
Authors: Li Song , Liu Junqing , Wang Jiaqi , Jia Diwen , Sun YanYan , Ding Lian , Jiang Jiafu , Chen Sumei , Chen Fadi 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTLeaf morphology is crucial for plant photosynthesis and stress adaptation. While CIN‐like TCP transcription factors are well‐known for their roles in leaf curling and morphogenesis, the function of CYC‐like TCPs in leaf development remains largely unexplored. This study identifies CmCYC2d as a key regulator of abaxial leaf curling in Chrysanthemum morifolium. Phenotypic analysis revealed that the downward curling observed in OX‐CmCYC2d transgenic lines was primarily due to the enlargement of adaxial epidermal cells. Furthermore, a reduction in epidermal cell number was identified as a significant contributor to the smaller leaf area in these plants. Transcriptome and WGCNA analyses highlighted CmSAUR55 as a potential downstream target of CmCYC2d. ChIP‐qPCR, EMSA, and LUC assays confirmed that CmCYC2d directly bound to the CmSAUR55 promoter. Additionally, transcriptome data revealed that the reduced cell number in OX‐CmCYC2d transgenic lines may be mediated by auxin‐related pathways and key genes such as CNR7. The CmCYC2d‐CmSAUR55 module was also closely linked to the development of enlarged adaxial epidermal cells in the leaf sinus, emphasising its role in this developmental process. This study highlights the regulatory role of CmCYC2d in leaf development and sheds light on the molecular mechanisms underlying leaf curling in chrysanthemum.
Cultural Diffusion and Democracy: What Lessons in Sub‐Saharan Africa's Experience?
Authors: Ondoua Beyene Blaise , Mamadou Asngar Thierry , Ongo Nkoa Bruno Emmanuel , Kamdem Cyrille Bergali , Fosso Prisca Koncy 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis study seeks to examine the effects of cultural diffusion on democracy by revisiting the theory of “culture‐based development” (CBD). Based on 44 sub‐Saharan African (SSA) countries observed over a period from 2006 to 2020, we analyze results using the fractional logistic model, the multi‐level mixed effects Tobit regression method, and the Tobit model. Our analyses show that cultural diffusion increases democracy. This result is robust to specifications that take into account subregional fixed effects and alternative measures of democracy. Results also hold when controlling for political education, patriotic education, and local culture. To consolidate democracy in SSA, policy makers need to support interculturality, cultural actors, organizations, and the exchange of cultural goods and services. In addition, governments need to stimulate cultural democracy, which is the bedrock of a democratic country.Related ArticlesIheonu, C. O., Okwoche, P. U., & Agbutun, S. A. 2024. “The Impact of Democracy on Peace in Africa: Empirical Evidence.” Politics & Policy 52, no. 5: 1038–1058. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12632.Nchofoung, T., Asongu, S., Tchamyou, V., & Edoh, O. 2022. “Gender, Political Inclusion, and Democracy in Africa: Some Empirical Evidence.” Politics & Policy 51, no. 1: 137–155. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12505.Pelizzo, R., & Nwokora, Z. 2018, “Party System Change and the Quality of Democracy in East Africa.” Politics & Policy 46, no. 3: 505–528. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12255.
Seven New Synonymous Variants of HLA‐B Characterised by Next‐Generation Sequencing
Authors: Marín Rubio Luis Alberto , Ontañón Jesús 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTGenomic sequence of HLA‐B*14:01:01:12, ‐B*15:01:01:67, ‐B*35:01:01:90, ‐B*35:03:01:38, ‐B*35:31:01:02, ‐B*41:01:01:09, ‐B*44:02:01:85 alleles.
Prevalence and lesion distribution of atopic dermatitis in small‐to‐medium breed dogs in Korea
Authors: Ryu Ji‐Hye , Kang Jung‐Hun , Kang Yeong‐Hun , Kim Min‐Sun , Kim Hyun‐Jung , Huh Eun‐A. , Kim Sung‐Hoon , Jeon Jong‐Soo , Hwang Cheol‐Yong 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundCanine atopic dermatitis (cAD) varies in prevalence and lesion distribution across breeds. In contrast to Western countries, many Asian countries favour small‐to‐medium dog breeds. However, previous studies have focused primarily on medium‐to‐large dog breeds.ObjectivesTo analyse the prevalence and lesion distribution of cAD in common breeds in Korea, focusing on breed‐specific characteristics.AnimalsNine small‐to‐medium breeds (<25 kg body weight) were selected from 331 client‐owned dogs with cAD, representing 77% of the total cAD group.Materials and MethodsBreeds selected included Maltese, miniature/toy poodle, shih tzu, bichon frise, cocker spaniel, Pomeranian, French bulldog, Yorkshire terrier and Dachshund. The prevalence of these breeds was compared to the registered dog population. Photographs of skin lesions from each dog were reviewed, and the lesion distribution was analysed by breed.ResultsShih tzu, cocker spaniel and French bulldog had a higher prevalence of cAD compared to the registered dog population (p < 0.01). Lesions were most commonly present on the ventral aspects of the body in 51% of shih tzus; lip folds (64%), tail folds (27%) and paws (73%) in French bulldog; and 71% of Dachshunds had dorso‐lumbar distribution.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceOf the small‐to‐medium breeds in this study, shih tzu, cocker spaniel and French bulldog had a higher prevalence of cAD compared to the registered dog population, while specific body sites were affected in shih tzu, French bulldog and Dachshund.
Validation of Recalibrated TONOVET Plus and TONOVET Pro in Canine Eyes Compared to Manometer and TONOVET
Authors: Lee Jiwon , Kim Wontae , Shim Jaeho , Kim Yujin , Kang Seonmi , Yoo Young‐Kyoung , Lee Young‐Ho , Seo Kangmoon 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo evaluate the accuracy of recalibrated TONOVET Plus (rTVP) and the newly released TONOVET Pro (TVPR) in measuring intraocular pressure (IOP) in ex vivo canine eyes compared to manometer and the established TONOVET (TV).ProcedureSixteen enucleated canine eyes were cannulated to establish manometric IOPs ranging from 5 to 80 mmHg. IOP measurements were obtained using TV, rTVP, and TVPR.ResultsAll tonometers showed a strong correlation with the manometer (R2 > 0.98). Measurements from rTVP and TVPR exhibited almost perfect agreement with the manometer (CCC = 0.9974 for both), whereas TV demonstrated lower agreement (CCC = 0.9874) associated with greater systematic bias. Specifically, TV showed a lower proportional bias (95% confidence interval [CI] of the slope = 0.987–1.006) but a larger systematic bias (intercept = −3.33 mmHg) compared to rTVP and TVPR (95% CI of the slope = 1.045–1.066 and 1.045–1.063; intercept = −2.532 and −2.633 mmHg, respectively). In accuracy analyses by range, rTVP and TVPR showed no significant difference from the manometer in the 30–70 mmHg and 35–80 mmHg IOP ranges, respectively.ConclusionsAmong the ICare rebound tonometers, rTVP and TVPR provided the most accurate IOP measurements in the ex vivo analysis and demonstrated particularly strong agreement in the high IOP range, suggesting their suitability for IOP measurement in glaucomatous patients.
Differential intestinal injury and unchanged systemic inflammatory responses to leg and whole‐body passive hyperthermia in healthy humans
Authors: Gibson Oliver R. , Laitano Orlando , Watanabe Kazuhito , González‐Alonso José 
Published: February 2025

AbstractHyperthermia can cause intestinal injury, facilitating endotoxin translocation and an inflammatory response that has been associated with heat illness. However, the potential occurrence of these responses has been incompletely reported during passive hyperthermia, and the independent effect of hyperthermia is equivocal. Furthermore, passive hyperthermia is a feature of heat therapy interventions, with mechanistic understanding developing. This experiment quantified the changes in intestinal fatty acid binding protein (iFABP), a marker of intestinal injury, and cytokine, chemokine and growth factor responses during three different prolonged passive hyperthermia protocols. Eight healthy males visited the laboratory on four counterbalanced occasions to undertake 2.5 h of rest (CON), one‐leg heating (OLH), two‐leg heating (TLH) and whole‐body heating (WBH) via a garment circulating water at 50°C. Plasma concentrations of iFABP and 38 cytokines, chemokines and growth factors were quantified periodically, and core temperature (Tcore) was measured continuously. The Tcore increased from baseline in OLH, TLH and WBH (+0.4°C ± 0.2°C, +0.7°C ± 0.2°C and +2.3°C ± 0.4°C, respectively; P < 0.05) but remained unchanged in CON. iFABP increased from baseline in WBH only (∆587 ± 651 pg ml−1) and was different from CON and OLH in WBH after 2 h (P < 0.05). Increased iFABP (∆1085 ± 572 pg ml−1) was observed in 50% of participants at the end of WBH, with the other 50% demonstrating no change (∆89 ± 19 pg ml−1). All chemokines, cytokines and growth factors were unchanged in all protocols. These data indicate that passive whole‐body hyperthermia, but not lower‐limb hyperthermia, can cause intestinal injury in some individuals without a systemic inflammatory response.
A Tai Chi Program Improves Physical Performance Measures in Adolescents With Down Syndrome and Enhances Their Parents’ Psychological Well-Being: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Cherni Ala , Ouerghi Nejmeddine , Jebabli Nidhal , Ghouili Hatem , Bougrine Houda , Bragazzi Nicola Luigi , Bouassida Anissa 
Published: February 2025

To investigate the effect of a 6-week tai chi (TC) training program on physical performance in adolescents with Down syndrome and its influence on the psychological well-being of their parents, in a randomized controlled design, 25 male adolescents with Down syndrome (age 14.4 ± 1.30 years) were randomly assigned to a control group (n = 10) or a training group (n = 15). Before and after the training period, lower limb explosive strength, upper limb strength, flexibility, and balance were assessed in all participants, as well as their parents’ psychological well-being. Using 2 × 2 repeated-measures analysis of variance, significant Group × Time interactions (p < .05; ) were found for physical measures and parents’ depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. A 6-week TC program significantly improved lower limb explosive strength (p < .001; d = 1.21), upper limb strength (p < .001; d = 1.49), flexibility (p < .001; d = 1.11), and static balance (p < .001; d = 1.99) and reduced depression (p < .001; d = 1.89), anxiety (p < .001; d = 1.74), and stress scores (p < .001; d = 1.88) in parents in the training group compared with those in the control group. TC programs improve physical measures in adolescents with Down syndrome and psychological well-being of their parents. Establishing TC programs in sport associations could positively impact this population’s physical performance.