bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Byzantine Tribunals: Problems in the Application of Justice and State Policy (9th-12th c.)
Authors: Saradi Helen 
Published: February 2011

REB 53 1995 France p. 165-204
Helen Saradi, The Byzantine Tribunals : Problems in the Application of Justice and State Policy (9th-12th c). — In the Byzantine sources judicial corruption is clearly distinguished from the judges' right to bend the law and adapt it to each particular case according to the principle of oikonornia, recognized already by the imperial legislation. According to Justinian's Novels judicial corruption was the result of the judges' insuffi cient training. Justinian treated the problem as an administrative one, since the functionaries were also assuming judicial responsibilities. A definition of judicial corruption in social terms is found only in the Ecloga of Leo III the Isaurian : bribery ; favour to friends ; protection from hostile acts ; fear of the dynatoi. But the legislator placed the problem at the level of Christian morality. Later Leo VI tried to secure the good function of the Byzantine judicial system by imposing temporal and even spiritual punishment. The measures of the emperors of the following centuries were inspired either by Justinian's approach or by that of Leo III. In the Novels of the emperors of the Macedonian dynasty on the preemption right of the poor, judicial corruption is denounced again as a cause of social injustice. Finally, Constantine Monomachos tried to create an incorruptible judicial system by offering the judges high education with the establishment of the school of Law. Influence of the Justinianic Novels has been discerned in this approach.
Un manuel de logique organisé par Jean Chortasménos et destiné à l'enseignement (catalogage du manuscrit)
Authors: Cacouros Michel 
Published: February 2011

REB 54 1996 France p. 67-106.
M. Cacouros, Un manuel de logique organisé par Jean Chortasménos et destiné à l'enseignement (catalogage du manuscrit). — The manuscript Lovaniensis De Wulf-Mansion Centrum has been mostly written by John Chortasmenos at the end of the 14th - beginning of the 15th century ; it is a textbook of logics he organized himself. As it is now, it contains scholia and extracts from commentaries on a section of the Organon which goes from the Analytics to the Topics. The author of the article describes the contents of the manuscript and the way they are presented : thus it is possible to know which sources have been used by Chortasmenos and how he organized them.
L'homélie de Grégoire le Référendaire pour la réception de l'image d'Édesse
Authors: Dubarle André-Marie 
Published: February 2011

REB 55 1997 France p. 5-51
A. -M. Dubarle, L'homélie de Grégoire le Référendaire pour la réception de l'image d'Édesse. — A contemporary text, relating the translation of the Edessa mandylion and its reception at Constantinople in 911, is published, translated and commented on for the first time.
Les Fragments anonymes du Baroc. Gr. 142 et les notices consacrées à Jean Diacrinoménos, Basile de Cilicie et l'anonyme d'Héraclée
Authors: Pouderon Bernard 
Published: February 2011

REB 55 1997 France p. 169-192
Β. Pouderon, Les Fragments anonymes du Barocc. Gr. 142 et les notices consacrées à Jean Diacrinoménos, Basile de Cilicie et l'anonyme d'Héraclée. — Following the recension of the Byzantine Epitome of ecclesiastic history, the Barocc. Gr. 142 presents an anonymous chronological chain, and three notices dealing with the lives and works of respectively John Diakrinomenos, Basil of Cilicia and an xth century anonymous historian. The author examines all these fragments, and, as some of them proved to belong to the Ecclesiastic History by John Diakrinomenos, attempts to establish a link between the other anonymous extracts and each of the other two historians.
IC XC NI KA. The apotropaic Function of the victorious Cross
Authors: Walter Christopher 
Published: February 2011

REB 55 1997 France p. 193-220
C. Walter, IC XC NI ΚΑ. The apotropaïc Function of the victorious Cross. — Dans cet article, l'auteur tente de réactualiser la recherche que les regrettés Anatole Frolow et Gordana Babic avaient entreprise sur la place de la formule IC XC NI KA dans l'art byzantin. Il fournit un important répertoire d'exemplaires de cette formule dans divers contextes, ainsi que des légendes ou des acronymes qui peuvent la remplacer ou la compléter. Il rejette l'hypothèse qu'elle ait été originellement associée à la pratique eucharistique et à la propagande iconoclaste. En suivant l'évolution de son usage, il observe que son emploi premier, pour affirmer une victoire, généralement mais non nécessairement impériale, a conduit à des pratiques apotropaïques. Bien que certains des acronymes, qui de plus en plus fréquemment accompagnent la formule dans l'art byzantin tardif, soient difficiles à déchiffrer, l'auteur ne considère pas qu'ils aient été conçus en règle générale comme des énigmes.
À propos d'un chapitre des Éphodia : l'avortement chez les médecins grecs
Authors: Congourdeau Marie-Hélène 
Published: February 2011

REB 55 1997 France p. 279-289
Marie-Hélène Congourdeau, À propos d'un chapitre des Éphodia : l'avortement chez les médecins grecs. — Relying on the presence of a list of abortifacients in the Greek translation of an Arab handbook of therapeutics (the Fphodia), this article reconsiders the reception of the Hippocratic Oath, and the status of abortion and abortifacients in the Hippocratic tradition, in its Greek-Roman, Arab and Byzantine expressions.
Un «Pseudo-Galien» dans le commentaire de Stephanos d'Athènes aux Aphorismes d'Hippocrate
Authors: Wolska-Conus Wanda 
Published: February 2011

REB 56 1998 France p. 5-78
Wanda Wolska-Conus, Un «Pseudo-Galien» dans le commentaire de Stéphanos d'Athènes aux Aphorismes d'Hippocrate : Ό Νεώτερος 'Εξηγητής. — Reviewing carefully the forty-three passages which Stéphanos ascribes to Galen, the author reaches the conviction that this attribution is erroneous. Are not the passages in question to be attributed to the exeget called the «Newer Exeget», whom Stéphanos asserts «he is explaining him» ?
Une réfection des remparts de Philippes sous Michel VII Doukas
Authors: Provost Samuel 
Published: February 2011

REB 61 2003 p. 167-182
Samuel Provost, Une réfection des remparts de Philippes sous Michel VII Doukas. — Une nouvelle inscription découverte à Philippes constitue le fragment manquant d'une inscription attribuée précédemment au rempart de Drama. La réunion des deux textes permet de dater de 1077, à la fin du règne de Michel VII Doukas, une restauration des fortifications dans la partie ouest de la ville, à l'initiative de l'évêque Basile Kartzimopôlos. Il s'agit de la première confirmation archéologique sûrement datée de l'existence du site à la fin du 11e s., par ailleurs clairement établie dans les sources littéraires
Commémoraisons des Comnènes dans le typikon liturgique du monastère du Christ Philanthrope (ms. Panaghia Kamariotissa 29)
Authors: Kouroupou Matoula , Vannier Jean-François 
Published: February 2011

REB 63, 2005, p. 41-69.
Matoula Kouroupou, Jean-François Vannier, Commémoraisons des Comnènes dans le typikon liturgique du monastère du Christ Philanthrope (Ms Panaghia Kamariotissa 29). - Le manuscrit Panaghia Kamariotissa 29 contient un typikon liturgique à l'usage du monastère du Christ Philanthrope, fondé à Constantinople par l'impératrice Irène Doukaina. L'intérêt primordial de ce manuscrit est constitué par la mention inédite, dans ses marges, au jour anniversaire de leur mort, de trente-cinq personnages appartenant à la parenté de l'impératrice et de son époux Alexios Ier Comnène. Ces notices marginales confirment des informations déjà connues, fournissent des compléments biographiques mais surtout font connaître de nouveaux personnages. Le commentaire qui accompagne chaque notice complète la biographie du personnage par le recours aux études sigillographiques les plus récentes. De par la somme des informations inédites qu'elles contiennent, ces trente-cinq brèves notices représentent un apport conséquent à la prosopographie des Comnènes et de familles qui leur sont apparentées (Pégonitès, Ange, Doukas, Bryennios, Iasitès. . . ).
Die unedierte Trostrede des Gregorios Antiochos. An den kaiserlichen sekretär Konstantinos Apimpithium.
Authors: Sideras Alexander 
Published: February 2011

REB 63, 2005, p. 127-150.
Alexander Sideras, Die unedierte Trostrede des Gregorios Antiochos an den Kaiserlichen Sekretär Konstantinos Apimpithium. - Parmi les œuvres de Grégoire Antiochos (env. 1130 - env. 1200), qui consistent principalement en enkômia, épitaphes et quelques lettres, se trouvent aussi deux discours de consolation : l'un au logothète Michel Hagiothéodoritès composé à l'occasion de la mort de sa sœur, et un autre au secrétaire impérial Constantin Apimpithium à l'occasion de la mort de son père. Jusqu'ici, ces deux textes sont restés inédits. Le premier doit bientôt paraître dans une autre revue ; le second est édité ici avec une traduction allemande et un commentaire. Il fut envoyé au destinataire entre 1176 et 1196 sous la forme d'une lettre depuis un lieu hors de Constantinople (probablement la Bulgarie). Dans ce texte, Antiochos exprime sa compassion ; il souligne que la perte du père est un grand malheur pour un fils et essaye de consoler son ami, en suggérant que Dieu prend particulièrement sous sa protection les orphelins.
Relationship between Drain Volume/Fill Volume Ratio and Clinical Outcomes Associated with Overfill Complaints in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients
Authors: Davis Ira D. , Cizman Borut , Mundt Kelly , Wu LieLing , Childers Robert , Mell Rod , Prichard Sarah 
Published: February 2011

Background To better understand the spectrum of overfill reports and their corresponding clinical severity and etiology, we conducted a review of overfill reports from the Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience (MAUDE) database, which is within the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Web site ( www.fda.gov ). Method We searched the MAUDE database for events related to overfill reports between 1 January 1995 and 31 December 2008 and recorded drain volume (DV)/fill volume (FV), or DV/FV, and clinical symptoms and signs associated with the overfill report. Results Among 462 MAUDE reports with a possible overfill event, 440 reports (95.2%) with a confirmed overfill event contained sufficient information to ascertain the clinical severity of the event. The number of reports with a clinical severity rating of minor, moderate, major, or death was 331, 71, 28, and 10, respectively. The median (range) DV/FV for a subgroup of 292 reports with a clinical severity rating of minor, moderate, major, or death was 1.63 (1.06 - 4.29), 1.71 (1.08 - 5.87), 2.14(1.64 - 2.61), and 2.50 (2.28 - 3.33), respectively. Insufficient drain accounted for a majority of overfill reports. Conclusion Our analysis of reports from the MAUDE database suggests an association between DV/FV and clinical severity of the reported overfill event, as well as significant patient-to-patient variability with respect to intra peritoneal volume tolerance.
In Younger Dialysis Patients, Automated Peritoneal Dialysis is Associated with Better Long-Term Patient and Technique Survival than is Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: Sun Chiao-Yin , Lee Chin-Chan , Lin Yu-Yin , Wu Mai-Szu 
Published: February 2011

Background In the U.S. Renal Data System registry, technique and patient survival are similar with automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). The clinical outcomes of APD and CAPD in various age groups have not been clarified. Objectives We investigated whether patient and technique survival are different for incident dialysis patients treated with APD or CAPD in two age groups. Methods Our retrospective study of prospectively collected data included 282 incident peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients (161 on APD, 121 on CAPD). Patients on PD for less than 3 months were excluded. The patients were divided into those less than 65 years of age and those 65 years of age or older. Overall mortality and technique failure were the primary endpoints of the study. Hazard ratios (HRs) for mortality and technique failure were calculated by the Cox proportional hazards model and were adjusted for age, sex, diabetes mellitus, initial peritoneal equilibration test (PET), weekly peritoneal and renal creatinine clearances, and PD caregiver (self or other). Results The characteristics and clinical data were not significantly different between patients on APD and CAPD, except for age and sex. The adjusted risk for overall mortality was not different between patients on APD and CAPD (HR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.44 to 1.20; p = 0.207). The adjusted risk for technique failure was lower in APD patients than in CAPD patients (HR: 0.58; 95% CI: 0.34 to 0.98; p = 0.041). In patients less than 65 years of age, those on APD had a significantly lower risk of mortality (HR: 0.35; 95% CI: 0.16 to 0.75; p = 0.007) and technique failure (HR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.28 to 0.95; p = 0.034) than did those on CAPD. In patients 65 years of age and older, those on APD had risks for mortality (HR: 1.14; 95% CI: 0.53 to 2.46; p = 0.730) and technique failure (HR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.17 to 1.50; p = 0.220) that were similar to those of patients on CAPD. Nutrition status, including serum albumin and protein catabolic rate, was not significantly different between patients on APD and on CAPD, in either younger or older patients. Conclusions Younger Chinese patients on APD have better patient and technique survival than do those on CAPD. However, there is a strong possibility that this benefit may be confounded or accounted for by baseline differences between the APD and CAPD populations.
Human Herpesvirus 6 Infection in Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis Patients
Authors: Altay Mustafa , Akay Hatice , Ünverdi Selman , Altay Filiz , Çeri Mevlüt , Altay F. Aybala , Cesur Salih , Duranay Murat , Demiroz Ali Pekcan 
Published: February 2011

Background Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) infection occurs worldwide and can be reactivated from latency during periods of immunosuppression, especially after organ transplantation. No previous study has evaluated the influence of dialysis type on HHV-6 infection. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of HHV-6 antibodies in hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Methods W e studied 36 PD patients, 35 HD patients, and 20 healthy subjects, all with no history of organ transplantation. After systematic inquiries and a physical examination, blood was drawn for determination of biochemical parameters, cytomegalovirus immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG), hepatitis B surface antigen, and the hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency virus antibodies. Titers of HHV-6 IgM and IgG antibodies were determined by ELISA. Results Titers for HHV-6 IgM antibody were positive in 9 HD patients (25.7%), 8 PD patients (22.2%), and 2 control subjects (10.0%, p > 0.05). More HD patients (20.0%) than PD patients (5.6%, p = 0.07) or control subjects (0.0%, p =0.03) were positive for HHV-6 IgG antibody. In HD patients, HHV-6 IgG seropositivity and duration of dialysis were positively correlated (R = 0.33, p = 0.05). Conclusions Infection with HHV-6 is not rare in PD and HD patients. In addition, HHV-6 IgG seropositivity was significantly higher in H D patients than in control subjects and approached significance when compared with seropositivity in PD patients. Moreover, in HD patients, HHV-6 IgG seropositivity correlated with duration on HD. These preliminary findings provide insight into the pre-transplantation period for patients and may aid our understanding of how to best protect patients against HHV-6 after transplantation.
Musculoskeletal Ultrasonography in Healthy Subjects and Ultrasound Criteria for Early Arthritis (The ESPOIR Cohort)
Authors: MILLOT FLORENCE , CLAVEL GAËLLE , ETCHEPARE FABIEN , GANDJBAKHCH FRÉDÉRIQUE , GRADOS FRANCK , SARAUX ALAIN , RAT ANNE-CHRISTINE , FAUTREL BRUNO , BOURGEOIS PIERRE , FARDELLONE PATRICE 
Published: February 2011

Objective.To confirm the occurrence of bone erosions and synovitis in healthy subjects detectable by ultrasound (US) and to establish US criteria for early arthritis.Methods.Our study involved 127 healthy subjects matched with a cohort of patients with early arthritis (the ESPOIR cohort). The second and fifth metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints and the fifth metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint of both hands and feet were assessed with US to detect bone erosion; and the second, third, fourth, and fifth MCP and the fifth MTP were evaluated for synovial thickening in B-mode US and synovial vascularity in power Doppler. Bone erosion and synovitis were defined according to the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology Clinical Trials consensus.Results.Bone erosion and grade 2–3 synovial thickening in B-mode were detected in 11% and 9% of healthy subjects. To consider the diagnosis of early arthritis, a cutoff at 1 case of synovial thickening in B-mode enabled discrimination between patients with early arthritis and healthy subjects, with a good sensitivity of 74.8% (95% CI 67.2%–82.3%) and a high specificity of 90.5% (95% CI 85.4%–95.6%). If higher specificity is required to confirm the diagnosis of early arthritis, cutoff at 2 cases of synovial thickening in B-mode or at 2 cases of bone erosion gave optimal results, with specificity of 98.4% (95% CI 96.2%–100%) and 100%, respectively, and lower sensitivity of 59.8% (95% CI 51.2%–68.3%) and 17% (95% CI 10.5%–23.5%) (area under the curve = 0.85 for synovitis and 0.63 for bone erosion). Neither the combination of power Doppler signal plus bone erosion, nor bone erosions plus synovial thickening on the same joint, were seen in healthy subjects.Conclusion.A single case of bone erosion or synovial thickening in B-mode is common in healthy subjects. However, more than 1 case of synovial thickening in B-mode or bone erosion is a strong argument for the diagnosis of early inflammatory arthritis.
Evaluation of Clinical Measures and Different Criteria for Diagnosis of Adult-onset Still’s Disease in a Chinese Population
Authors: JIANG LINDI , WANG ZHEN , DAI XIAOMIN , JIN XUEJUAN 
Published: February 2011

Objective.To determine the value of clinical measures in diagnosis of adult-onset Still’s disease (AOSD), and to identify the optimal set of proposed classification criteria, in a Chinese population.Methods.A total of 70 patients with AOSD and 140 non-AOSD inpatients with fever were retrospectively identified at Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, from January 2003 to December 2009. Clinical measures and 4 sets of diagnostic criteria (Yamaguchi, Calabro, Cush, and Reginato) were evaluated by sensitivity, specificity, positive/negative predictive value (PPV, NPV), and positive/negative likelihood ratio (PLR, NLR) for diagnosis of AOSD.Results.In our series, higher sensitivity included hyperpyrexia (temperature ≥ 39°C, 94.29%), arthralgia (80.0%), polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) ≥ 75% (84.29%), serum ferritin ≥ 2-fold the upper normal value (90.0%), negative antinuclear antibodies (85.29%), and rheumatoid factor (84.38%); while higher specificity included transient erythema (98.57%), sore throat (85.0%), leukocytes ≥ 15,000/mm3 (87.86%), and PMN ≥ 85% (85.0%). Rash, arthralgia, and sore throat were found to have better sensitivity and specificity (PLR 3.29–4.86). Leukocytes ≥ 10,000/mm3, PMN ≥ 80%, and serum ferritin ≥ 5-fold the upper normal limit were set as critical points. The Reginato criteria set had the highest specificity, 99.29%. The Yamaguchi set had the highest sensitivity, 78.57%, with a better accuracy of 87.14%.Conclusion.The Yamaguchi diagnostic criteria had better accuracy in Chinese patients. Indicators such as rash, arthralgia, sore throat, leukocytes ≥ 10,000/mm3, PMN ≥ 80%, and serum ferritin ≥ 5-fold the upper normal limit were helpful for diagnosis of AOSD. We recommend using these indicators in combination instead of alone.
Role of Two Adaptor Molecules SLP-76 and LAT in the PI3K Signaling Pathway in Activated T Cells
Authors: Shim Eun Kyung , Jung Seung Hee , Lee Jong Ran 
Published: February 2011

AbstractPreviously, we identified p85, a subunit of PI3K, as one of the molecules that interacts with the N-terminal region of Src homology 2 domain-containing leukocyte protein of 76 kDa (SLP-76). We also demonstrated that tyrosine phosphorylation either at the 113 and/or 128 position is sufficient for the association of SLP-76 with the Src homology 2 domain near the N terminus of p85. The present study further examines the role of the association of these two molecules on the activation of PI3K signaling cascade. Experiments were done to determine the role of SLP-76, either wild-type, tyrosine mutants, or membrane-targeted forms of various SLP-76 constructs, on the membrane localization and phosphorylation of Akt, which is an event downstream of PI3K activation. Reconstitution studies with these various SLP-76 constructs in a Jurkat variant cell line that lacks SLP-76 or linker for activation of T cells (LAT) show that the activation of PI3K pathway following TCR ligation requires both SLP-76 and LAT adaptor proteins. The results suggest that SLP-76 associates with p85 after T cell activation and that LAT recruits this complex to the membrane, leading to Akt activation.
A Common Haplotype of the TNF Receptor 2 Gene Modulates Endotoxin Tolerance
Authors: Fairfax Benjamin P. , Davenport Emma E. , Makino Seiko , Hill Adrian V. S. , Vannberg Fredrik O. , Knight Julian C. 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
Endotoxin tolerance is characterized by the suppression of further TNF release upon recurrent exposure to LPS. This phenomenon is proposed to act as a homeostatic mechanism preventing uncontrolled cytokine release such as that observed in bacterial sepsis. The regulatory mechanisms and interindividual variation of endotoxin tolerance induction in man remain poorly characterized. In this paper, we describe a genetic association study of variation in endotoxin tolerance among healthy individuals. We identify a common promoter haplotype in TNFRSF1B (encoding TNFR2) to be strongly associated with reduced tolerance to LPS (p = 5.82 × 10−6). This identified haplotype is associated with increased expression of TNFR2 (p = 4.9 × 10−5), and we find basal expression of TNFR2, irrespective of genotype and unlike TNFR1, is associated with secondary TNF release (p &lt; 0.0001). Functional studies demonstrate a positive-feedback loop via TNFR2 of LPS-induced TNF release, confirming this previously unrecognized role for TNFR2 in the modulation of LPS response.