bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
XIII.—On the Depositions of the Remains of Katharine de Valois, Queen of Henry V., in Westminster Abbey
Authors: Stanley Arthur Penrhyn 
Published: January 2012

Before I begin to read this paper I must apologise to the Society of Antiquaries for its mode of composition.In the controversies respecting the origin of the Homeric poems, which have raised so much attention of late in connection with Dr. Schliemann's discoveries, there was a theory started amongst scholars that Homer was not the author of the Iliad and Odyssey, but, as the word might imply in the original, “the man who joined or weaved together” the various poems supplied to him by other persons, which, from this stitching or joining process, were called Rhapsodies. This theory has of late years in England—partly under the influence of a celebrated political personage—fallen into discredit. But the present paper is an exact example of the process in question. I am on this occasion but the “Homerus,” the compiler, who has woven together the fragments communicated to him.
XVII.—Remarks on an Admiralty Seal of Richard, Duke of Gloucester
Authors: Perceval Charles Spencer 
Published: January 2012

The Ven. Edward Trollope, E.S.A., has lately communicated to the Society an impression in gutta-percha from the original matrix of an Admiralty Seal of Richard III. when Duke of Gloucester, which impression is exhibited this evening.Another impression from this matrix, then in the possession of a gentleman of St. Columb in Cornwall, was exhibited and presented to the Society in 1781 by Dr. Milles, at that time President, and is still preserved.
XIV.—On Flint Workings at Cissbury, Sussex
Authors: Willett Ernest Henry 
Published: January 2012

In 1868 Colonel A. Lane Fox, F.S.A. contributed a paper to this Society, on the Sussex Hill Forts, and on the principles of castrametation which a most careful examination of the whole series led him to conclude had been adopted by the tribes who had constructed them.In the course of his inquiry, and in the description of the seventeen earthworks that line our Sussex downs, he mentioned the occurrence, in several places, of various pits in and about the camps. The instances are at Wolstanbury, Highdown Hill, Mount Caburn, and Cissbury—most notably the latter.This paper was shortly followed by another, giving a detailed account of the extensive excavations carried on by him at Highdown and at Cissbury. In this communication he dwells at length on the pits situate within the latter camp, their character and contents; the flint implements especially are elaborately classified and fully described by him. The examination of about thirty pits resulted in the following information,—to which I may be permitted briefly to refer in order to be intelligible. That they were from 20 to 70 feet wide, and of a depth of from 5 to 7 feet below the surface. That they contained a great quantity of flint implements, a few bones, dead land-shells, charcoal and fragments of coarse pottery distributed in layers of red clay and chalk rubble, the pottery being only found immediately beneath the turf.In considering the object and use of these pits, Colonel Lane Eox states that he believes them to have been for the purpose of obtaining flint for manufacturing implements, and subsequently to have been used for habitations.I hope to add confirmatory evidence of both of these theories.
X.—A Revised History of the Column of Phocas in the Roman Forum
Authors: Nichols F.M. 
Published: January 2012

It may be of interest to the Society if I submit to its notice some observations made last year, which render it necessary to re-write the history of one of the best known monuments of Rome.The monument, which for fifty-six years has been called the Column of Phocas, was formerly, when nothing but the pillar itself was seen above ground, the subject of much curiosity and speculation among the visitors of the Forum. The “nameless column with the buried base” was thought by some to be the sole relic of a great temple or other public building. By others it had been conjectured to be part of the famous bridge by which Caligula united his palace on the Palatine with the temple of Capitoline Jupiter. In the early years of the century, among other works of the same kind, it was resolved to clear away the soil and débris from the substructure of this column; and on the 13th of March, 1813, the inscription of its pedestal, which had remained for centuries a few feet below the level of the ground, was uncovered, and revealed the fact that it had supported a statue dedicated by the exarch Smaragdus to the honour of a Caesar, whose name had been erased, but who, by other indications, could be no other than Phocas, an emperor of evil reputation, but to whom Rome and the world owe some gratitude for having been instrumental in dedicating the Pantheon to Christian worship, and so preserving from ruin one of the noblest and most original architectural works of antiquity.
XXIII.—Excavations on the site of the Roman city at Silchester, Hants
Authors: Fox George E. , Hope W.H. St. John 
Published: January 2012

On the 27th February last we had the honour of laying before the Society a communication on the desirability of the complete and systematic excavation of the site of Silchester.The scheme therein set forth, which had already been sanctioned by the Duke of Wellington, the owner, and by Mr. Cooper, the tenant, met with the cordial support and approval of the Fellows present, and it was unanimously referred to the Council to consider the steps necessary for carrying it out.
I.—A Clerical Strike at Beverley Minster in the Fourteenth Century
Authors: Leach Arthur F. 
Published: January 2012

Before relating the curious episode in the history of ecclesiastical institutions which forms the subject of this paper, a few words on the constitution of the institution concerned are necessary.Beverley Minster, the quasi-cathedral church of the East Riding of Yorkshire, was, until its dissolution in 1548, a college of nine secular canons. The Archbishop of York quà Archbishop was reputed (and disputed) founder, patron, visitor, head, and a canon, besides being lord of the manor and town of Beverley.
Molecular analysis of imipenem-resistantAcinetobacter baumanniiisolated from US service members wounded in Iraq, 2003–2008
Authors: HUANG X.-Z. , CHAHINE M. A. , FRYE J. G. , CASH D. M. , LESHO E. P. , CRAFT D. W. , LINDLER L. E. , NIKOLICH M. P. 
Published: January 2012

SUMMARYGlobal dissemination of imipenem-resistant (IR) clones ofAcinetobacter baumannii–A. calcoaceticuscomplex (ABC) have been frequently reported but the molecular epidemiological features of IR-ABC in military treatment facilities (MTFs) have not been described. We characterized 46 IR-ABC strains from a dataset of 298 ABC isolates collected from US service members hospitalized in different US MTFs domestically and overseas during 2003–2008. All IR strains carried theblaOXA-51gene and 40 also carriedblaOXA-23on plasmids and/or chromosome; one carriedblaOXA-58and four contained ISAbal located upstream ofblaOXA-51. Strains tended to cluster by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles in time and location. Strains from two major clusters were identified as international clone I by multilocus sequence typing.
Fatal outbreaks of jaundice in pregnancy and the epidemic history of hepatitis E
Authors: TEO C.-G. 
Published: January 2012

SUMMARYSpace–time clustering of people who fall acutely ill with jaundice, then slip into coma and death, is an alarming phenomenon, more markedly so when the victims are mostly or exclusively pregnant. Documentation of the peculiar, fatal predisposition of pregnant women during outbreaks of jaundice identifies hepatitis E and enables construction of its epidemic history. Between the last decade of the 18th century and the early decades of the 20th century, hepatitis E-like outbreaks were reported mainly from Western Europe and several of its colonies. During the latter half of the 20th century, reports of these epidemics, including those that became serologically confirmed as hepatitis E, emanated from, first, the eastern and southern Mediterranean littoral and, thereafter, Southern and Central Asia, Eastern Europe, and the rest of Africa. The dispersal has been accompanied by a trend towards more frequent and larger-scale occurrences. Epidemic and endemic hepatitis E still beset people inhabiting Asia and Africa, especially pregnant women and their fetuses and infants. Their relief necessitates not only accelerated access to potable water and sanitation but also vaccination against hepatitis E.
Back to (the music of) the future: Aesthetics of technology in Berlioz'sEuphoniaandDamnation de Faust
Authors: VAN RIJ INGE 
Published: January 2012

AbstractIn his final years, Berlioz's name became entangled in debates around Wagnerian ‘music of the future’; but Berlioz was also engaged with conceptions of the future in a much more literal sense throughout his life. An examination of texts such asEuphoniawhich treat futuristic settings helps us to identify three main technological tropes by which the future is characterised in Berlioz's writings: the industrialisation of space and time; the discourse of gender; and fears around agency. Applying these tropes to the contemporaneousLa damnation de Faustenables a new reading of genre in Berlioz's ‘légende dramatique’, which is revealed to dramatise the dialectic of technology and gender on a meta-diegetic level. Performances ofLa damnation de Faustthat stage it as opera or as WagnerianGesamtkunstwerkmay blind us to the innovative aspects of the work, for these aspects are most visible when it is the orchestral ‘machine’ that is placed literally centre stage. This new reading ofLa damnation de Faustthrough the lens ofEuphoniahelps us to resituate Berlioz as a musician of the future in a manner that provides an alternative to the more familiar Wagnerian aesthetics.
Generalization strategies for the verification of infinite state systems
Authors: FIORAVANTI FABIO , PETTOROSSI ALBERTO , PROIETTI MAURIZIO , SENNI VALERIO 
Published: January 2012

AbstractWe present a method for the automated verification of temporal properties of infinite state systems. Our verification method is based on the specialization of constraint logic programs (CLP) and works in two phases: (1) in the first phase, a CLP specification of an infinite state system is specialized with respect to the initial state of the system and the temporal property to be verified, and (2) in the second phase, the specialized program is evaluated by using a bottom-up strategy. The effectiveness of the method strongly depends on the generalization strategy which is applied during the program specialization phase. We consider several generalization strategies obtained by combining techniques already known in the field of program analysis and program transformation, and we also introduce some new strategies. Then, through many verification experiments, we evaluate the effectiveness of the generalization strategies we have considered. Finally, we compare the implementation of our specialization-based verification method to other constraint-based model checking tools. The experimental results show that our method is competitive with the methods used by those other tools.
Reasoning about actions with Temporal Answer Sets
Authors: GIORDANO LAURA , MARTELLI ALBERTO , THESEIDER DUPRÉ DANIELE 
Published: January 2012

AbstractIn this paper, we combine Answer Set Programming (ASP) with Dynamic Linear Time Temporal Logic (DLTL) to define a temporal logic programming language for reasoning about complex actions and infinite computations. DLTL extends propositional temporal logic of linear time with regular programs of propositional dynamic logic, which are used for indexing temporal modalities. The action language allows general DLTL formulas to be included in domain descriptions to constrain the space of possible extensions. We introduce a notion of Temporal Answer Set for domain descriptions, based on the usual notion of Answer Set. Also, we provide a translation of domain descriptions into standard ASP and use Bounded Model Checking (BMC) techniques for the verification of DLTL constraints.
Parallel instantiation of ASP programs: techniques and experiments
Authors: PERRI SIMONA , RICCA FRANCESCO , SIRIANNI MARCO 
Published: January 2012

AbstractAnswer-Set Programming (ASP) is a powerful logic-based programming language, which is enjoying increasing interest within the scientific community and (very recently) in industry. The evaluation of Answer-Set Programs is traditionally carried out in two steps. At the first step, an input program undergoes the so-called instantiation (or grounding) process, which produces a program ′ semantically equivalent to , but not containing any variable; in turn, ′ is evaluated by using a backtracking search algorithm in the second step. It is well-known that instantiation is important for the efficiency of the whole evaluation, might become a bottleneck in common situations, is crucial in several real-world applications, and is particularly relevant when huge input data have to be dealt with. At the time of this writing, the available instantiator modules are not able to exploit satisfactorily the latest hardware, featuring multi-core/multi-processor Symmetric MultiProcessing technologies. This paper presents some parallel instantiation techniques, including load-balancing and granularity control heuristics, which allow for the effective exploitation of the processing power offered by modern Symmetric MultiProcessing machines. This is confirmed by an extensive experimental analysis reported herein.
Well–definedness and efficient inference for probabilistic logic programming under the distribution semantics
Authors: RIGUZZI FABRIZIO , SWIFT TERRANCE 
Published: January 2012

AbstractDistribution semantics is one of the most prominent approaches for the combination of logic programming and probability theory. Many languages follow this semantics, such as Independent Choice Logic, PRISM, pD, Logic Programs with Annotated Disjunctions (LPADs), and ProbLog. When a program contains functions symbols, the distribution semantics is well–defined only if the set of explanations for a query is finite and so is each explanation. Well–definedness is usually either explicitly imposed or is achieved by severely limiting the class of allowed programs. In this paper, we identify a larger class of programs for which the semantics is well–defined together with an efficient procedure for computing the probability of queries. Since Logic Programs with Annotated Disjunctions offer the most general syntax, we present our results for them, but our results are applicable to all languages under the distribution semantics. We present the algorithm “Probabilistic Inference with Tabling and Answer subsumption” (PITA) that computes the probability of queries by transforming a probabilistic program into a normal program and then applying SLG resolution with answer subsumption. PITA has been implemented in XSB and tested on six domains: two with function symbols and four without. The execution times are compared with those of ProbLog,cplint, and CVE. PITA was almost always able to solve larger problems in a shorter time, on domains with and without function symbols.
MESSENGER orbital observations of large‐amplitude Kelvin‐Helmholtz waves at Mercury's magnetopause
Authors: Sundberg Torbjörn , Boardsen Scott A. , Slavin James A. , Anderson Brian J. , Korth Haje , Zurbuchen Thomas H. , Raines Jim M. , Solomon Sean C. 
Published: January 2012

We present a survey of Kelvin‐Helmholtz (KH) waves at Mercury's magnetopause during MESSENGER's first Mercury year in orbit. The waves were identified on the basis of the well‐established sawtooth wave signatures that are associated with nonlinear KH vortices at the magnetopause. MESSENGER frequently observed such KH waves in the dayside region of the magnetosphere where the magnetosheath flow velocity is still subsonic, which implies that instability growth rates at Mercury's magnetopause are much larger than at Earth. We attribute these greater rates to the limited wave energy dissipation in Mercury's highly resistive regolith. The wave amplitude was often on the order of 100 nT or more, and the wave periods were ∼10–20 s. A clear dawn‐dusk asymmetry is present in the data, in that all of the observed wave events occurred in the postnoon and duskside sectors of the magnetopause. This asymmetry is likely related to finite Larmor‐radius effects and is in agreement with results from particle‐in‐cell simulations of the instability. The waves were observed almost exclusively during periods when the north‐south component of the magnetosheath magnetic field was northward, a pattern similar to that for most terrestrial KH wave events. Accompanying plasma measurements show that the waves were associated with the transport of magnetosheath plasma into the magnetosphere.
Numerical simulation of the equatorial wind jet in the thermosphere
Authors: Miyoshi Yasunobu , Fujiwara Hitoshi , Jin Hidekatsu , Shinagawa Hiroyuki , Liu Huixin 
Published: January 2012

We have examined excitation mechanism of the fast jet of the neutral atmosphere along the dip equator in the upper thermosphere. The zonal momentum balance of the neutral atmosphere is estimated using an atmosphere‐ionosphere coupled model. The coupled model used in this study is a self‐consistent global model of the atmosphere and ionosphere covering the height range from the ground surface to the exobase. It can reproduce the observed equatorial fast jet above 250 km heights. The analysis of the zonal momentum balance reveals that the pressure gradient and ion drag play an important role on the formation of the fast jet near the dip equator. In particular, the fast jet near the equator is closely related with the latitudinal difference of the ion drag force. We also investigate the zonal momentum balance of the longitudinal wave‐4 structure of the zonal wind in the fixed local time frame. Furthermore, significant day‐to‐day variations in the neutral zonal wind and the ion drift near the dip equator are obtained although the solar UV/EUV fluxes and the energy input from the magnetosphere are assumed to be constant during the numerical simulation. This result indicates the importance of the lower atmospheric variability on day‐to‐day variations in the thermosphere/ionosphere.
Complex fluid flow revealed by monitoring CO2 injection in a fluvial formation
Authors: Lu Jiemin , Cook Paul J. , Hosseini Seyyed A. , Yang Changbing , Romanak Katherine D. , Zhang Tongwei , Freifeld Barry M. , Smyth Rebecca C. , Zeng Hongliu , Hovorka Susan D. 
Published: January 2012

At Cranfield, Mississippi, United States, a large‐scale carbon dioxide (CO2) injection through an injection well (∼3,080 m deep) was continuously monitored using U‐tube samplers in two observation wells located 68 and 112 m east of the injector. The Lower Tuscaloosa Formation injection zone, which consists of amalgamated fluvial point‐bar and channel‐fill deposits, presents an interesting environment for studying fluid flow in heterogeneous formations. Continual fluid sampling was carried out during the first month of CO2 injection. Two subsequent tracer tests using sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) and krypton were conducted at different injection rates to measure flow velocity change. The field observations showed significant heterogeneity of fluid flow and for the first time clearly demonstrated that fluid flow evolved with time and injection rate. It was found the wells were connected through numerous, separate flow pathways. CO2 flowed through an increasing fraction of the reservoir and sweep efficiency improved with time. The field study also first documented in situ component exchange between brine and gas phases during CO2 injection. It was found that CH4 degassed from brine and is enriched along the gas–water contact. Multiple injectate flow fronts with high CH4 concentration arrived at different times and led to gas composition fluctuations in the observation wells. The findings provide valuable insights into heterogeneous multiphase flow in rock formations and show that conventional geological models and static fluid flow simulations are unable to fully describe the heterogeneous and dynamic flow during fluid injection.
Estimation of errors in the inverse modeling of accidental release of atmospheric pollutant: Application to the reconstruction of the cesium‐137 and iodine‐131 source terms from the Fukushima Daiichi power plant
Authors: Winiarek Victor , Bocquet Marc , Saunier Olivier , Mathieu Anne 
Published: January 2012

A major difficulty when inverting the source term of an atmospheric tracer dispersion problem is the estimation of the prior errors: those of the atmospheric transport model, those ascribed to the representativity of the measurements, those that are instrumental, and those attached to the prior knowledge on the variables one seeks to retrieve. In the case of an accidental release of pollutant, the reconstructed source is sensitive to these assumptions. This sensitivity makes the quality of the retrieval dependent on the methods used to model and estimate the prior errors of the inverse modeling scheme. We propose to use an estimation method for the errors' amplitude based on the maximum likelihood principle. Under semi‐Gaussian assumptions, it takes into account, without approximation, the positivity assumption on the source. We apply the method to the estimation of the Fukushima Daiichi source term using activity concentrations in the air. The results are compared to an L‐curve estimation technique and to Desroziers's scheme. The total reconstructed activities significantly depend on the chosen method. Because of the poor observability of the Fukushima Daiichi emissions, these methods provide lower bounds for cesium‐137 and iodine‐131 reconstructed activities. These lower bound estimates, 1.2 × 1016 Bq for cesium‐137, with an estimated standard deviation range of 15%–20%, and 1.9 − 3.8 × 1017 Bq for iodine‐131, with an estimated standard deviation range of 5%–10%, are of the same order of magnitude as those provided by the Japanese Nuclear and Industrial Safety Agency and about 5 to 10 times less than the Chernobyl atmospheric releases.
A novel lectin fromAgrocybe aegeritashows high binding selectivity for terminalN-acetylglucosamine
Authors: Jiang Shuai , Chen Yijie , Wang Man , Yin Yalin , Pan Yongfu , Gu Bianli , Yu Guojun , Li Yamu , Wong Barry Hon Cheung , Liang Yi , Sun Hui 
Published: January 2012

A novel lectin was isolated from the mushroom Agrocybe aegerita (designated AAL-2) by affinity chromatography with GlcNAc (N-acetylglucosamine)-coupled Sepharose 6B after ammonium sulfate precipitation. The AAL-2 coding sequence (1224 bp) was identified by performing a homologous search of the five tryptic peptides identified by MS against the translated transcriptome of A. aegerita. The molecular mass of AAL-2 was calculated to be 43.175 kDa from MS, which was consistent with the data calculated from the amino acid sequence. To analyse the carbohydrate-binding properties of AAL-2, a glycan array composed of 465 glycan candidates was employed, and the result showed that AAL-2 bound with high selectivity to terminal non-reducing GlcNAc residues, and further analysis revealed that AAL-2 bound to terminal non-reducing GlcNAc residues with higher affinity than previously well-known GlcNAc-binding lectins such as WGA (wheatgerm agglutinin) and GSL-II (Griffonia simplicifolia lectin-II). ITC (isothermal titration calorimetry) showed further that GlcNAc bound to AAL-2 in a sequential manner with moderate affinity. In the present study, we also evaluated the anti-tumour activity of AAL-2. The results showed that AAL-2 could bind to the surface of hepatoma cells, leading to induced cell apoptosis in vitro. Furthermore, AAL-2 exerted an anti-hepatoma effect via inhibition of tumour growth and prolongation of survival time of tumour-bearing mice in vivo.