bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic effects and causal association analyses of 14 common conditions/diseases in multimorbidity patterns
Authors: Fu Ting , Yang Yi-Qun , Tang Chang-Hua , He Pei , Lei Shu-Feng 
Published: May 2024

Background
Multimorbidity has become an important health challenge in the aging population. Accumulated evidence has shown that multimorbidity has complex association patterns, but the further mechanisms underlying the association patterns are largely unknown.

Methods
Summary statistics of 14 conditions/diseases were available from the genome-wide association study (GWAS). Linkage disequilibrium score regression analysis (LDSC) was applied to estimate the genetic correlations. Pleiotropic SNPs between two genetically correlated traits were detected using pleiotropic analysis under the composite null hypothesis (PLACO). PLACO-identified SNPs were mapped to genes by Functional Mapping and Annotation of Genome-Wide Association Studies (FUMA), and gene set enrichment analysis and tissue differential expression were performed for the pleiotropic genes. Two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses assessed the bidirectional causality between conditions/diseases.

Results
LDSC analyses revealed the genetic correlations for 20 pairs based on different two-disease combinations of 14 conditions/diseases, and genetic correlations for 10 pairs were significant after Bonferroni adjustment (P<0.05/91 = 5.49E-04). Significant pleiotropic SNPs were detected for 11 pairs of correlated conditions/diseases. The corresponding pleiotropic genes were differentially expressed in the brain, nerves, heart, and blood vessels and enriched in gluconeogenesis and drug metabolism, biotransformation, and neurons. Comprehensive causal analyses showed strong causality between hypertension, stroke, and high cholesterol, which drive the development of multiple diseases.

Conclusions
This study highlighted the complex mechanisms underlying the association patterns that include the shared genetic components and causal effects among the 14 conditions/diseases. These findings have important implications for guiding the early diagnosis, management, and treatment of comorbidities.
"You don’t get side effects from social prescribing”—A qualitative study exploring community pharmacists’ attitudes to social prescribing
Authors: Rathbone Adam Pattison , Pearson Harry , Akinyemi Oluwafunmi , Cartwright Nia , Tierney Stephanie , Rowlands Gill , Lindsey Laura 
Published: May 2024

Objectives
Social prescribing is an approach that enables the referral of patients to non-clinical support and places a focus on holistic care. This study explored views of community pharmacists regarding social prescribing in pharmacies.

Study design
A qualitative phenomenological approach was used.

Methods
A convenience sample of eleven community pharmacists from Northern England were recruited via social media (Twitter, Facebook) and took part in a semi-structured, one-to-one qualitative interviews that asked about their knowledge of social prescribing, the advantages of community pharmacist involvement and any barriers they predicted to its implementation. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and thematically analysed.

Results
The sample included largely male pharmacists (63.3%) with less than five years’ experience (45.5%) and included pharmacists working as employees (63.6%), locums (27.3%) and owners (9%) in both chain (36%) and independent stores (54.5%). The main findings indicate an enthusiasm for but limited understanding of social prescribing. Factors which appeared to influence involvement were training requirements and time available to complete an additional service in busy pharmacies. Opportunities centred on the broader pharmacy team’s role to optimise health outcomes.

Conclusions
The findings indicate pharmacists may be an underused resource due to a poor understanding of the full scale and scope of social prescribing beyond health promotion, lifestyle interventions. Further work is needed to explore the transferability of the findings to the broader pharmacy workforce to understand how social prescribing can be positioned within pharmacy practice.
The risk analysis index is an independent predictor of outcomes after lung cancer resection
Authors: Lee Andy Chao Hsuan , Madariaga Maria Lucia L. , Lee Sang Mee , Ferguson Mark K. 
Published: May 2024

Background
The Risk Analysis Index (RAI) is a frailty assessment tool based on an accumulation of deficits model. We mapped RAI to data from the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) Database to determine whether RAI correlates with postoperative outcomes following lung cancer resection.

Methodology/Principal findings
This was a national database retrospective observational study based on data from the STS Database. Study patients underwent surgery 2018 to 2020. RAI was divided into four increasing risk categories. The associations between RAI and each of postoperative complications and administrative outcomes were examined using logistic regression models. We also compared the performance of RAI to established risk indices (American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI)) using areas under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves (AUC). Results: Of 29,420 candidate patients identified in the STS Database, RAI could be calculated for 22,848 (78%). Almost all outcome categories exhibited a progressive increase in marginal probability as RAI increased. On multivariable analyses, RAI was significantly associated with an incremental pattern with almost all outcomes. ROC analyses for RAI demonstrated “good” AUC values for mortality (0.785; 0.748) and discharge location (0.791), but only “fair” values for all other outcome categories (0.618 to 0.690). RAI performed similarly to ASA and CCI in terms of AUC score categories.

Conclusions/Significance
RAI is associated with clinical and administrative outcomes following lung cancer resection. However, its overall accuracy as a surgical risk predictor is only moderate and similar to ASA and CCI. We do not recommend routine use of RAI for assessment of individual patient risk for major lung resection.
The impact of Yoga on patients with knee osteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Lu Junyue , Kang Jiliang , Huang Haoyuan , Xie Chen , Hu Jiaxuan , Yu Yan , Jin Yu , Wen Youliang 
Published: May 2024

ObjectiveThe objective of this review is to conduct a comprehensive and systematic assessment of the efficacy of Yoga as an intervention for knee osteoarthritis (KOA).MethodsWe searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, and PEDro as of January 3, 2024. Retrieved a total of 200 articles. Standardised mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated.ResultsThe study included a total of 8 trials and involved 756 KOA patients. The results indicated that compared to the control group, Yoga exercise showed significant improvements in alleviating pain (SMD = -0.92; 95% CI = -1.64 ~ - 0.20;P= 0.01,I2= 94%), stiffness (SMD = -0.51; 95% CI = -0.91 ~ -0.12;P= 0.01;I2= 66%) and physical function (SMD = -0.53; 95% CI = -0.89 ~ -0.17;P= 0.004;I2= 59%) among KOA patients. However, there was no significant improvement observed in terms of activities of activity of daily living (ADL) (SMD = 1.03; 95% CI = -0.01 ~ 2.07;P= 0.05;I2= 84%), and quality of life (QOL) (SMD = 0.21; 95% CI = -0.33 ~ 0.74;P= 0.44;I2= 83%) with the practice of Yoga.ConclusionsIn general, Yoga has been found to be effective in reducing pain and stiffness in KOA patients, it can also improve the physical function of patients. However, there is limited evidence to suggest significant improvements in terms of ADL and QOL.
Malaria prevalence and use of control measures in an area with persistent transmission in Senegal
Authors: Tairou Fassiatou , Gaye Ibrahima , Herrera Samantha , Nawaz Saira , Sarr Libasse , Cissé Birane , Faye Babacar , Tine Roger C. K. 
Published: May 2024

Introduction
In Senegal, the widespread use of vector control measures has resulted in a significant reduction in the malaria burden and led the country to consider the possibility of elimination. Given this shift and changing context, it is important to characterize the malaria burden across all age groups to guide decision-making on programmatic interventions to interrupt transmission and ultimately eradicate the disease. In Senegal, there is a lack of information on malaria prevalence among certain populations, particularly among adolescents and adults. This study sought to assess the magnitude of malaria infections in all age groups, as well as malaria associated factors in an area of persistent transmission in Senegal.

Methods
A cross-sectional household survey was conducted in four health posts (Khossanto, Mamakhona, Diakhaling and Sambrambougou), of the health district of Saraya, in November 2021, among individuals over 6 months of age. Households were selected using multistage sampling. Consented participants were screened for malaria parasites by microscopic examination of blood smears, and hemoglobin levels were measured using the Hemocue HB 301TM analyzer. Socio-demographic information of the participants, household heads, household assets, and information on ownership and use of preventive measures were collected using a structured questionnaire. Weighted generalized mixed effects logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with microscopically confirmed malaria infection.

Results
A total of 1759 participants were enrolled in the study. Overall, about 21% of participants were classified as having Plasmodium infection; children aged 5–10 years old (26.6%), adolescents aged 10–19 years old (24.7%), and children under five years of age (20.5%) had higher rates of infection compared to adults (13.5%). Plasmodium falciparum accounted for 99.2% of the malaria infections, and most infections (69%) were asymptomatic. Around one-third of study participants had anemia (hemoglobin level <11.0 g/dl), with under five children bearing the highest burden (67.3%). Multivariate analysis showed that the odds of having a malaria infection were around 2 times higher among participants in Khossanto compared to Diakhaling (aOR = 1.84, 95% CI:1.06–3.20). Participants aged 5–9 years were more likely to have malaria infection compared to under five children (aOR = 1.40, 95% CI:1.02–1.91). Factors associated with anemia were P. falciparum infection (aOR = 1.36, p = 0.027), females (aOR = 2.16, p = 0.000), under-five age group (aOR = 13.01, p = 0.000).

Conclusion
Malaria burden was considerable among adolescents and under ten children living in an area of persistent transmission, with adolescents more commonly presenting as asymptomatic. Interventions tailored to this specific group of the population are needed to better control the disease and reduce its burden.
Persepsi Mahasiswa Ilmu Perpustakaan Universitas Diponegoro Angkatan 2019 terhadap Kompetensi Profesi Pustakawan di Era Digital
Authors: Saifuddin Sayyid , Perdani SP Nur’aini 
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini membahas mengenai persepsi mahasiswa Ilmu Perpustakaan Universitas Diponegoro angkatan 2019 terhadap kompetensi profesi pustakawan di era digital. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi mahasiswa Ilmu Perpustakaan Universitas Diponegoro angkatan 2019 terhadap kompetensi profesi pustakawan di era digital. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara semi terstruktur, dan dokumentasi. Informan dalam penelitian ini diperoleh menggunakan teknik nonprobability sampling menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Hasil dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa persepsi mahasiswa Ilmu Perpustakaan Universitas Diponegoro angkatan 2019 memiliki persepsi bahwa profesi pustakawan perlu meningkatkan kompetensi mereka sehingga kebutuhan pemustaka dapat lebih terpenuhi dengan baik. Peningkatan kompetensi juga bertujuan agar pustakawan dapat beradaptasi dengan baik di era digital.
The characterization of (𝑛 − 1)-spheres with 𝑛 + 4 vertices having maximal Buchstaber number
Authors: Choi Suyoung , Jang Hyeontae , Vallée Mathieu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We present a computationally efficient algorithm that is suitable for graphic processing unit implementation.
This algorithm enables the identification of all weak pseudo-manifolds that meet specific facet conditions, drawn from a given input set.
We employ this approach to enumerate toric colorable seeds.
Consequently, we achieve a comprehensive characterization of

(

n
−
1

)

(n-1)

-dimensional PL spheres with

n
+
4

n+4

vertices that possess a maximal Buchstaber number.
A primary focus of this research is the fundamental categorization of non-singular complete toric varieties of Picard number 4.
This classification serves as a valuable tool for addressing questions related to toric manifolds of Picard number 4.
Notably, we have determined which of these manifolds satisfy equality within an inequality regarding the number of minimal components in their rational curve space.
This addresses a question posed by Chen, Fu, and Hwang in 2014 for this specific case.
Research on grammatical error correction algorithm in English translation via deep learning
Authors: Cai Lihua 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This study provides a concise overview of a grammatical error correction algorithm that is based on an encoder-decoder machine translation structure. Additionally, it incorporates the attention mechanism to enhance the algorithm’s performance. Subsequently, simulation experiments were conducted to compare the improved algorithm with an algorithm based on a classification model and an algorithm based on the traditional translation model using open corpus data and English translations from freshmen. The results demonstrated that the optimized algorithm yielded superior intuitive error correction outcomes. When applied to both the open corpus and the English translations of college freshmen, the optimized error correction algorithm outperformed the others. The traditional translation model-based algorithm came in second, while the classification model-based algorithm showed the least favorable performance. Furthermore, all three error correction algorithms experienced a decrease in performance when dealing with English compositions from freshmen. However, the optimized algorithm exhibited a relatively smaller decline.
Location strategy for logistics distribution centers utilizing improved whale optimization algorithm
Authors: Chen Xinjian 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
An enhanced whale optimization algorithm is introduced to address the challenges associated with the logistics distribution center location problem, aiming to overcome the traditional heuristic algorithm’s susceptibility to local optima and enhance the overall efficiency of the logistics system. This improvement involves the integration of stochastic sinusoidal inertia weights and a variational strategy to augment the global search capability and convergence accuracy of the conventional algorithm. The results of experimental simulations indicate that the upgraded whale algorithm exhibits superior computational performance compared to other heuristic algorithms. Furthermore, it demonstrates the ability to effectively compute optimal distribution center locations, thereby enhancing the delivery efficiency of the logistics distribution system.
Überwindung von Phasen Geistlicher Trockenheit: Strategien im Umgang und Erleben der Transformation
Authors: Büssing Arndt 
Published: May 2024

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund:
Insbesondere in schwierigen Zeiten machen Menschen die Erfahrung, dass Gott ihnen nicht so antwortet, wie sie es erwarten, und dass er fern und desinteressiert zu sein scheint. Diese empfundene Gottferne kann als Geistliche Trockenheit operationalisiert werden. Anhand empirischer Daten soll beschrieben werden, wie häufig entsprechende Strategien gefunden werden konnten, um diese Phasen zu überwinden, und welche Reaktionen danach beobachtet wurden: 1) Zuwendung zu anderen und/oder 2) größere geistige Klarheit und Tiefe. Außerdem sollte geklärt werden, ob und in welcher Weise diese Auswirkungen in Beziehung stehen zu einer empfundenen Sehnsucht nach Gott bzw. zu Ehrfurcht und Dankbarkeit als Ausdruck einer Resonanzfähigkeit gegenüber dem Heiligen im Leben.

Material und Methoden:
Auswertung anonymisierter Datensätze von 3624 Personen mit christlicher Religionszugehörigkeit aus unterschiedliche Querschnittsanalysen mit standardisierten Fragebögen (SDS-6, GrAw-7).

Ergebnisse:
46,7 % fanden häufig bis regelmäßig Strategien, um mit Phasen Geistlicher Trockenheit umzugehen; 31,5 % nur manchmal und 21,7 % selten oder gar nicht. Diese Überwindungsstrategien gelangen den Jüngeren scheinbar schlechter als den Älteren. Wenn diese Phasen überwunden werden konnten, fühlten sich 34,3 % angespornt, anderen zu helfen, und 28,3 % empfanden danach eine größere geistige Klarheit und Tiefe. Die Einflussvariablen Sehnsucht nach Gott und Ehrfurcht/Dankbarkeit (als Fähigkeit, mit dem Heiligen im Leben in Resonanz zu gehen) war für diese Reaktionen bedeutsam.

Schlussfolgerungen:
Unterschiedlich lange und unterschiedlich intensive Phasen Geistlicher Trockenheit treten im Leben vieler religiöser Menschen auf. Sie können Hinweis auf Sinnkrisen oder emotionale Erschöpfung sein, die einer adäquater Unterstützung und Begleitung bedürfen. Die vorgestellten Befunde sind für Spiritual Care Prozesse bedeutsam, wenn Menschen, mit schwierigen Diagnosen konfrontiert, mit ihrem Glauben hadern und an Gott verzweifeln.
Use of tacrolimus for managing csDMARD-failed rheumatoid arthritis: A real- time experience from a single tertiary care centre
Authors: Chandrashekara S  , Jayanna Sahana Nagathihalli , Panchagnula Renuka 
Published: May 2024

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of tacrolimus in achieving disease activity score-28-c-reactive protein 3 [DAS28-CRP (3)] remission in patients managed with tacrolimus at the end of 24 week in a tertiary setting.

Methodology: The retrospective study included RA patients who fulfilled American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 2010 criteria and managed by tacrolimus as an add-on to the background DMARD or as a substitute to conventional synthetic DMARD. Apart from demographic data, TJC, SJC, ESR and CRP were recorded at each visit. Subjects were grouped as those who achieved remission (DAS28-CRP (3) <2.6) and not under remission (DAS28-CRP (3)>2.6). Descriptive analysis was carried out for different variables in the classified groups, chi-square test for categorical variables and ANOVA and t-test to compare the continuous variables.

Results: The study selected 100 patients who fulfilled the criteria for analysis. The corresponding number of subjects who received 4 mg, 3 mg, 2 mg, 1.5 mg and 1 mg of tacrolimus were 3, 23, 57, 2 and 15 respectively. The corresponding number of patients evaluated at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months were 100, 86, 71 and 56. Around 20% of the patients reached a state of remission by the end of 12 months. The DAS28-CRP (3) remission (<2.6) was achieved in 7 (7%) out of 100 at the end of 3 months, which increased to 17 (20%) out of 86 by 6th month. Around 9 out of 57 maintained the remission till the end of 12 months and 11 (20%) out of 57, who were followed till 12th month, had moderate response. Discriminate function analysis showed that the age and duration of disease were strong predictors of achieving remission. Baseline DAS score and duration of illness at the time of introduction of tacrolimus negatively predicted the patients achieving remission.
Identifier syntax and mnemonics in programming languages
Authors: Grigaliūnas Mikas , Grigas Gintautas 
Published: May 2024

The main attention in the paper is paid to the set of symbols, which can be used in identifiers. Modern computers uses 8 bit coding, and many programming languages does so. But only few of them (Logo, Component Pascal) takes all advantages of 8 bit coding and allows to use all letters of alphabet in identifiers. Proffesional languages such as Pascal and C have restrictions for a symbol set in identifiers. These restrictions comes back from 7 or even 6 bit coding. The recent standards of programming languages allows to extend symbol set. Such kind of extension – interface between IbrboPascal and MS Word, which allows to use Lithuanian and Latvian letters in Pascal program identifiers, is presented in this paper. Some languages (Ada95, Java) already uses Unicode. The sets of symbols for identifiers in these languages are defined in different ways. Unicode itself provides syntax rules for identifiers, in order to ensure uniform treatment of identifiers.
Factors Affect Green Product Purchase Decisions: The Mediating Role of Green Brand Image
Authors: Thuy Oanh Thai Thi 
Published: May 2024

Research on environmentally conscious consumer behaviour requires particular attention to Asian markets. Although Vietnam is an Asian developing nation with a noted environmental conscience, little is known about their green product purchase habits and decisions. Thus, the goal of this study is to investigate the factors influencing Vietnamese consumers' decisions regarding purchasing green products. The study evaluates a collection of theoretically proposed hypotheses using a convenience-based methodology. A 30-variable questionnaire was used to gather information from 347 residents. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to analyse the data. The suggested theories were tested using structural equation modelling. The findings demonstrated that the customers were eager to support protecting the environment, aware of their environmental duties, and ready to look for information about sustainable goods. Supporting environmental protection, drive for environmental responsibility, green product experience, environmental friendliness of companies, social appeal, and green brand image are all recognised as significant variables that have a direct impact on consumers' decisions to buy green products. Additionally, the study discovered that the association between these factors and decisions to purchase green products is mediated by the image of green brands. By investigating the variables influencing Vietnamese consumers' preferences to buy environmentally friendly goods, this study offers insightful information on green purchasing habits in that country. The findings can help marketers create persuasive green marketing campaigns that highlight the environmental, social, and individual advantages aligned with the brand image linked to purchasing green products. These approaches will have positive impacts on their purchase decisions.
Lessons learned (technical and non-technical)
Authors: Weiss Monika 
Published: May 2024

This document is the final report on activity B5 "Lessons learned (technical and non-technical)." Within Subtask B, Activity B5 involved identifying and documenting lessons learned, both technical and non-technical, to create a summary for dissemination in Subtask D. The primary objective was to collect trustworthy data and gain valuable insights from various stakeholders. A survey was conducted to gather information on stakeholder’s requirements, expectations, and specific circumstances that may prompt the utilization of solar cooling. The survey's primary objective was to identify crucial factors influencing the adoption of solar cooling technologies across different applications and regions. The gathered information was then analyzed to better comprehend the challenges, needs, and desires of the stakeholders involved.