bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive Analysis of Immune Infiltration Identifies Predictors for Immunotherapy Efficacy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Liu Shaoru , Wu Zongfeng , Yuan Yichuan , Lin Zhu , Zuo Dinglan , Niu Yi , Li Binkui , Yuan Yunfei , Qiu Jiliang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
The aim of this study was to determine whether differences in the cellular composition of the immune infiltrate in HCC influence survival and identify predictors for immunotherapy efficacy in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Methods
A total of 362 patients from TCGA cohort and 204 patients from ICGC with HCC were included in the study. Two immune features were selected out of 24 immune features to construct immunotypes based on the Cox regression model. Hub genes of DEGs were identified by STRING and Cyto-scape. The role of hub genes on immunotherapy efficacy prediction was evaluated by Kaplan–Meier survival analysis in immunotherapy cohorts. The effects of LCK on HCC cell proliferation and migration were evaluated by CCK8, trans-well and wound healing assays.
Results
Eight immune cell subsets were associated with HCC prognosis. Two immune cells (MAIT and central-memory) were selected to construct 3 immunotypes which could predict overall survival in the TCGA cohort (X2 = 24.13, P < 0.0001) and ICGC cohort (validation cohort, X2 = 10.51, P = 0.005). GO and GSEA analysis showed up-regulated immune-related pathway in Cluster3, and Cluster3 showed significantly higher immune checkpoint molecules (PD-L1, PD-1, CTLA-4, PD-L2, LAG3 and TIM3) expression. Three hub genes (CCR5, CCR7 and LCK) were identified based on the differential expression genes between Cluster3 and Cluster1. CCR5, CCR7 and LCK were efficient predictors for immune infiltration, especially CTL, and immunotherapy efficacy. We also verified that LCK conferred proliferation and metastasis of HCC cells and immunotherapy resistance of HCC patients.
Conclusion
Immune cell abundance and immunotypes could effectively predict prognosis of HCC. Furthermore, CCR5, CCR7 and LCK were identified as predictors for immunotherapy efficacy in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Correlation analysis between ginsenoside content and rhizosphere soil microbial species in different forest types
Authors: Pang Fengyu , Ruan Xiaojia , Gao Yugang , Zhao Yan , Liu Qun 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Inter-root microorganisms are major factors influencing the formation of high-quality herbs and promoting the accumulation of secondary metabolites, and this relationship has been well characterised in many supra-herbal medicinal herbs, but there is limited information on whether ginseng saponin accumulation is mediated by microorganisms in different forest types.Inter-root soil samples of ginseng and ginseng samples were collected from four different forest types (Theropencedrymion, Larch forest, Broad-leaved forest and Camphor pine forest) in the mountainous areas of Jingyu County, Jilin Province, China. The content of ginsenosides in the collected ginseng samples was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results showed that the content of ginsenosides in Camphor pine forest was significantly higher than that in the other three forest types.The microorganisms in the soil samples were isolated and purified, and subsequently sequenced and analyzed by high-throughput sequencing methods, and a total of seven bacterial species were isolated and identified in the inter-root soil of ginseng from four different forest types. In broad-leaved forests (BF) and larch forests (LF), Bacillus megaterium is the most abundant microorganism. In the camphor pine forests (CPF) and theropencedrymion (TH), Luteibactor rhizovicinais the largest proportion of microorganisms. Relevant analysis shows that several identified strains from the four forest types, including Bacillus pseudomycoides, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas alcaliphila, Luteibacter rhizovicinus and Pseudomonas alcaliphilacan promote the biosynthesis and accumulation of monomeric saponins Rc, Rb1, Rb2, Rb3, Rg2, Rb3, and Rh4. Our research findings emphasize the crucial role of different forest stand types in soil microbial community structure, and explore the accumulation mechanism of ginsenosides from a microbial perspective. In summary, this study provides more theoretical basis for the relationship between different forest types and the bioactive components of medicinal plants.
Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Infection During Various Pregnancy Trimesters on Maternal and Fetal Outcomes
Authors: Yin Mengyue , Peng Lingling , Zhang Chunling , Zhang Xueyan , Han Mei , Wang Yongmei , Hao Yafei , Guo Zhaolun , Li Hua , Zhang Lan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background The specific impact and pathology of long COVID effects on mother and fetus post-infection have not been deeply investigated. Therefore, we explored the inflammatory response in fetal tissue from pregnant women infected at various stages.
Methods We collected villi, decidua, and placenta samples from 57 patients at Tai'an Central Hospital, who underwent either induced abortion or delivery between November 2022 and March 2023. HE staining was employed for histological examinations of these tissues. Furthermore, the concentrations of IL-6 in both umbilical cord blood and amniotic fluid were quantitatively analyzed using ELISA kits. Additionally, Western blot analysis was conducted to evaluate the expression levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in the placental tissues.
Results Among participants, 53 pregnant women were diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection. No significant placental pathology differences were found between mid-term and late-term stages with the control group (P>0.05). However, Western blot analysis indicated that infected placental tissues showed higher TNF-α and IL-1β levels (P<0.05), with no notable variance in expression levels between mid-term and late-term pregnancies (P>0.05). IL-6 levels in amniotic fluid showed no significant difference, and detected no IL-6 expression in umbilical cord blood.
Conclusion Infection with SARS-CoV-2 during different periods of pregnancy can have different effects on the placenta and other tissues, emphasizing the importance of preventing and managing viral infection during pregnancy and providing clinical reference for formulating management strategies for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Fourier-enhanced multi-modal 3D small object optical mark recognition and positioning method for percutaneous abdominal puncture surgical navigation
Authors: Guo Zezhao , Guo Yanzhong , Zhao Zhanfang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Navigation for thoracoabdominal puncture surgery is used to locate the needle entry point on the patient's body surface. The traditional reflective ball navigation method is difficult to position the needle entry point on the soft, irregular, smooth chest and abdomen. Due to the lack of clear characteristic points on the body surface using structured light technology, it is difficult to identify and locate arbitrary needle insertion points. Based on the high stability and high accuracy requirements of surgical navigation, this paper proposed a novel method, a muti-modal 3D small object medical marker detection method, which identifies the center of a small single ring as the needle insertion point. Moreover, this novel method leverages Fourier transform enhancement technology to augment the dataset, enrich image details, and enhance the network's capability. The method extracts the Region of Interest (ROI) of the feature image from both enhanced and original images, followed by generating a mask map. Subsequently, the point cloud of the ROI from the depth map is obtained through the registration of ROI point cloud contour fitting. In addition, this method employs Tukey loss for optimal precision. The experimental results show this novel method proposed in this paper not only achieves high-precision and high-stability positioning, but also enables the positioning of any needle insertion point.
The Effects of Different Breakfasts on Mood, Satiety, and Cognitive Function among White-collar Workers in China: A Randomized Cross-over Study
Authors: Bai Ruixue , Guo Jiaxin , Li Chihua , Zhang Yan , Hu Ping , Huang Wenjie , Xu Xianglong , Tang Zhenchuang , Zhao Yong , Sharma Manoj , Ma Guansheng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Breakfast is considered of vital importance for health and working performance, however, previous studies reported that most people don’t eat breakfast every day. White-collar workers bear heavy mental work in their daily work, the breakfast is also important for them. To our knowledge, there are few or no studies on the relationship between breakfast intake and glucose level, mood, satiety, and cognitive function among white-collar workers, especially among the Chinese population. We therefore evaluate the impact of different-size breakfasts with differing types of food and quality on blood glucose, mood, satiety, and cognitive function among white-collar workers in Chongqing, China.
Methods
This was a field-based study using a randomized cross-over trial design. On every Monday for three successive weeks, 48 white-collar workers received different types of breakfast in a counterbalanced order. For all individuals, mood, and satiety were assessed using positive affect and negative affect scale visual analogue scales two hours after breakfast, respectively. Four cognitive function tests were applied to evaluate the capacity of short-term memory, learning and working memory, attention, and language logic. These cognitive function tests included the digit span test, digit-symbol substitution test, letter cancellation test, and grammatical transformation test.
Results
All participants who had breakfast (standard breakfast or light breakfast) presented a higher blood glucose level and a more satisfying feeling than those who had no breakfast (p < 0.05) across the experimental day. Based on the digit symbol test, women who had standard breakfast had a more powerful learning and working memory capacity than those who had light breakfast or skipped breakfast (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
Among white-collar workers, having breakfast is necessary and can exert a positive effect on people’s satiety. For women, having a standard breakfast is beneficial to maintain their learning and working memory function.
Investigation of short-term variability of ocular biometric measurements before cataract surgery: potential importance of preoperative dry eye
Authors: Ahn Sanghyuk , Eom Youngsub , Song Jong Suk , Kim Dong Hyun 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the short-term variability of ocular biometric measurements and to analyze the factors associated with high variability of biometric values in patients with cataract. This retrospective study included 60 eyes of patients who underwent ocular biometric measurements twice with the IOLMaster 700 before cataract surgery between March 2023 and November 2023. Ocular surface parameters included tear film break-up time (TBUT) and corneal and conjunctival staining scores (CSS and ConSS, respectively) before cataract surgery. Refractive surprise was defined as a mean absolute error exceeding 0.5 diopter (D). The participants comprised 22 men and 38 women, with a mean age of 70.6±8.4 years. Axial length and anterior chamber depth were remarkably consistent between the two measurements; however, the absolute difference of keratometric (K) values and astigmatism amount showed notable variability (mean K: 0.18±0.17D; astigmatism: 0.21±0.26D). A decreased TBUT and increased CSS were significantly associated with high variability (≥0.25D) of mean K (p=0.040 and p=0.008, respectively). The high K variability group (mean K variability≥0.25D) revealed a significantly higher incidence (p=0.037) of refractive surprise (45.4%) compared with the low K variability group (mean K variability<0.25D) (17.7%). Lower TBUT and higher CSS preoperatively influenced the variability of K values and the incidence of postoperative refractive surprise in cataract surgery.
Discovery of molecularly-informed therapeutic strategies for mature T-cell neoplasms
Authors: Koch Raphael , Schmidt Nicole , Kornrumpf Kevin , Ries Lena , Markus Katharina , Ksionsko Nora Anna Maria , Mazzeo Paolo , Lohrberg Melanie , Sitte Maren , Salinas Gabriela , Braun Till , Dechow Annika , Herling Marco , Ianevski Aleksandr , Aittokallio Tero , Höltermann Charlotte , Chapuy Björn , Bastians Holger , Wulf Gerald , Beißbarth Tim , Dönitz Jürgen 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Mature T-cell lymphomas and leukemias (mTCL) comprise a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of lymphoid malignancies. Most subtypes of peripheral T-cell lymphomas and leukemic T-cell malignancies show an aggressive clinical course and poor prognosis. Thus, these diseases urgently require novel therapeutic strategies. Taking advantage of recent progress deciphering the genetic basis of mTCL, we generated a comprehensive database of genetic alterations from >1 800 patients with mTCL and utilized bioinformatic methodology developed to support treatment decisions in molecular tumorboards to identify novel potential therapeutics. To assess the in vitro activity of potential therapeutics, broad drug screening was performed in molecularly characterized cell lines of mTCL. Notably, the cell cycle regulator WEE1 was identified as a novel therapeutic target in mTCL. Indeed, WEE1 kinase inhibitors potently induced replication stress, premature mitotic entry, accumulation of DNA damage and induction of apoptosis in mTCL cell lines. Exploring potential drug combination strategies through mechanistic studies, we identified strong synergistic effects of combined WEE1 and JAK inhibition in JAK/STAT driven preclinical models as well as in primary patient samples of T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL). In summary, our results identified combinatorial effects of WEE1 and JAK inhibition in genetically defined subtypes of mTCL.
Mindray CL900i CLIA HIV Ag/Ab Combo assay: a reliable solution for highly sensitive and specific HIV screening
Authors: Nasrallah Gheyath , Younes Nadin , Khalid Hadiya M. , Al-Emadi Jawaher A. , Younes Salma , Abouassali Mazen Najib , Elshaikh Manal Abdelmutaal , Karime Ibrahim Wisam , Ibrahim Mohammed Abdelfatah , Ali Mutaz Mohamed , Shaar Ibrahim Al , Liu Na , Ayoub Houssein , Yassine Hadi M , Abu-Raddad Laith J. , Ismail Ahmed 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: Architect-HIV Ag/Ab combo chemiluminescence assay is globally recognized for its sensitivity but has a notable false-positive rate.
Aim:To evaluate the performance of a new cost-effective screening alternative, the chemiluminescence Ag/Ab combo assay (CL-900i-HIV) from Mindray, China.
Method: We selected 195 archived samples, classified based on the gold standard Inno-Lia HIVI/II-line immunoassay confirmatory assay. These samples included true positive (n=38; positive by Architect-HIV & Inno-Lia-HIV), true negative (n=101; negative by Architect-HIV & Inno-Lia-HIV), false positive (n=20; positive by Architect-HIV & negative by Inno-Lia-HIV), and indeterminate results (n=22; positive by Architect-HIV & indeterminate by Inno-Lia-HIV). We tested all samples using the Mindray CL-900i-HIV and all positive Architect-HIV samples (n=80) were confirmed by PCR.
Results: Compared to INNO-LIA™ HIVI/II line immunoassay confirmatory assay, Mindray CL-900i-HIV demonstrated a sensitivity of 100% (95% CI: 90.7-100), specificity of 100% (95% CI: 97.0-100), overall percent agreement (OPA) of 100% (95% CI: 97.7-100.0), and perfect agreement with the INNO-LIA confirmatory assay (𝜅= 1.00). Additionally, Mindray's CL-900i-HIV exhibited a significantly lower false-positive rate (8.75%) compared to Architect-HIV's (55%).
Conclusion: Mindray CL900i demonstrated high sensitivity and very low false-positive rate, thus, has the potential to serve as an excellent, cost-effective surrogate for HIV screening, overcoming the limitations of existing automated assays.
Analysis of Outcomes of Traumatic Colon and Rectal Injuries Managed With or Without Fecal Diversion
Authors: Mallick Taha , Hasan Mahera 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:
Traumatic colorectal injuries can be managed by either fecal diversion or primary repair / resection and anastomosis. We aimed to study differences in outcomes in adult patients managed with or without fecal diversion at time of initial operation.
Methodology:
Using ICD-9 codes adult patients (18 years and older) in the National Trauma Databank with colonic and rectal injuries were identified for the years 2013-2015. The following datapoints were collected: age, gender, race, injury severity score (ISS), pulse rate, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and length of stay (LOS). Subjects with missing data or cardiac arrest at time of arrival were excluded.
Patients were divided into two groups based on whether or not fecal diversion was performed at time of initial operation. Incidence of the following morbidities was analyzed: acute kidney injury (AKI), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE), pneumonia, deep surgical site infection (SSI), severe sepsis, unplanned intubation and unplanned return to OR.
Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS for windows. P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results
Of 2,598,467 patients, 8434 (0.32%) sustained a colonic or rectal injury. Mean age was 32.1 years. 87.8% were male. 665 patients (Group 1) underwent fecal diversion while 3866 (Group 2) underwent resection / anastomosis or primary repair.
Groups 1 and 2 were noted to be similar in terms of ISS (median of 14 in both groups), age (33.9 vs 33.1 years; p=0.15), percentage of male patients (87.1% vs 88.7%; p=0.23), SBP (125 vs 123 mmHg; p=0.051) and pulse rate (95.8 vs 97.3; p=0.46) respectively.
No statistically significant differences were found in the incidence of AKI (Odds ratio (OR): 1.29, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.823-2.04), ARDS (OR: 1.42, 95% CI 0.732-2.75), DVT (OR: 1.38, 95% CI 0.827-2.30), pulmonary embolism (OR: 0.808, 95% CI 0.451-1.45), pneumonia (OR: 1.03, 95% CI 0.729-1.47), deep SSI (OR: 0.768, 95% CI 0.522-1.13), severe sepsis (OR: 1.37, 95% CI 0.862-2.17), unplanned intubation (OR: 1.15, 95% CI 0.650-2.02) or unplanned return to operating room (OR: 1.10, 95% CI 0.793-1.53).
LOS was 15.3 and 15.2 days for groups 1 and 2 respectively (p=0.92).
Conclusion
There does not appear to be a difference in outcomes between patients who undergo fecal diversion and those who do not. Therefore the decision to perform resection / anastomosis or primary repair should not be influenced by a concern for post-operative fecal leakage and subsequent morbidity but should be based on hemodynamic status and extent of injury.
Anti-tumor Effects of the eIF4A Inhibitor Didesmethylrocaglamide and Its Derivatives in Human and Canine Osteosarcomas
Authors: Oblinger Janet , Wang Jack , Wetherell Georgia , Agarwal Garima , Wilson Tyler , Benson Nicole , Fenger Joelle , Fuchs James , Kinghorn A Douglas , Chang Long 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Inhibition of translation initiation using eIF4A inhibitors like (-)-didesmethylrocaglamide [(-)-DDR] and (-)-rocaglamide [(-)-Roc] is a potential cancer treatment strategy as they simultaneously diminish multiple oncogenic drivers. We showed that human and dog osteosarcoma cells expressed high levels of eIF4A1/2, particularly eIF4A2. Genetic depletion of eIF4A1 and/or 2 slowed osteosarcoma cell growth. To advance preclinical development of eIF4A inhibitors, we demonstrated the importance of (-)-chirality in DDR for growth-inhibitory activity. Bromination of DDR at carbon-5 abolished growth-inhibitory activity, while acetylating DDR at carbon-1 was tolerated. Like DDR and Roc, DDR-acetate increased the γH2A.X levels and induced G2/M arrest and apoptosis. Consistent with translation inhibition, these rocaglates decreased the levels of several mitogenic kinases, the STAT3 transcription factor, and the stress-activated protein kinase p38. However, phosphorylated p38 was greatly enhanced in treated cells, suggesting activation of stress response pathways. RNA sequencing identified RHOB as a top upregulated gene in both DDR- and Roc-treated osteosarcoma cells, but the Rho inhibitor Rhosin did not enhance the growth-inhibitory activity of (-)-DDR or (-)-Roc. Nonetheless, these rocaglates potently suppressed tumor growth in a canine osteosarcoma patient-derived xenograft model. These results suggest that these eIF4A inhibitors can be leveraged to treat both human and dog osteosarcomas.
Spatial and seasonal association study between P M2.5 and related risk factors in India
Authors: Sengupta Anwesha , Middya Asif Iqbal , Dutta Kunal , Roy Sarbani 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Global environmental degradation and climate change causing persistent health issues due to increased exposure to pollution have become a serious matter of concern and studies. This human-generated environmental pollution is caused due to rapid industrialization, construction-related issues, different festive occasions, etc. Remarkable seasonal and spatial distributions have been observed in this context. Among all the existing pollutants, the fine airborne particles P M2.5(with aerodynamic equivalent diameter ≤ 2.5μm) and P M10 (with aerodynamic equivalent diameter ≤ 10μm) are associated with chronic pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases. This leads to carrying out the study regarding the varying relationship between P M2.5 and other related risk factors so that its concentration level might be under control. Existing literature has explored the geographical association between the pollutants with a few other important factors. To address this problem, the present study aims to explore the widespatiotemporal relationships between the particulate matter (P M2.5) with the other associated risk factors (e.g., socio-demographic, meteorological factors, and air pollutants). For this analysis, the geographically weighted regression (GWR)model with different kernels (viz. Gaussian and Bisquare kernels) and the ordinary least squares (OLS) model have been carried out to analyze the same from the perspective of the four major seasons (i.e., autumn, winter, summer, and monsoon) in different districts of India. It may be inferred from the results that the local model (i.e., GWR model with Bisquare kernel) captures the spatial heterogeneity in a better way with R2 values 0.994, 0.993, 0.992, 0.991, and 0.994respectively for four different seasons and for the corresponding 1-year cycle during October 2022-September 2023. The GWR model using the Bisquare kernel method performs better in terms of smaller corrected Akaike Information Criterion (AICc) (i.e., -896.883, -790.469, -618.686, -834.706, and -867.802 for four specific seasons and the corresponding 1-year cycle period respectively).
Deep Learning Based Signal Processing and Detection for Multiple Medical Devices OFDM Systems
Authors: Wang Haoyu , Yu Yaoping , Liu Xiaoguang , Wei Kun , Ye Youjie , Zhang Wangshu , Zhou Yulin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

In general multiple medical devices orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) communication systems, all the interfering medical users are legitimate but will cause disturbance to the desired user. In this work, we evaluate three deep learning (DL) algorithms: fully connected deep neural networks, convolutional neural networks, and long short-term memory neural networks for signal processing and detection in uncoded multiple medical devices OFDM communications systems. The bit error rates (BER) of these DL methods are compared with the conventional linear minimum mean squared error (LMMSE) detector. Additionally, the relationships between the BER and signal-to-interference ratio, signal-to-noise ratio, the number of interferences, and modulation type are investigated. Numerical results show that DL methods outperform LMMSE under different multiple medical device interference situations and are robust when the wireless channel has high variability. Also, DL methods are proven to have strong anti-interference ability and are useful in multiple medical devices OFDM systems.