bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autochthonic and allochthonic plant detritus as zoobenthos habitat in anthropogenic woodland ponds
Authors: Spyra Aneta 
Published: January 2011

Abstract
Regardless of origin, all water bodies situated inside forests form a unique habitat for many freshwater animals due to the allochthonous detritus covering the bottom, composed mostly of leaves from waterside trees. For many years these woodland ponds have been considered to be advantageous to regional biodiversity. Investigations were carried out in eight anthropogenic woodland ponds, formed as a consequence of coal mining activities, situated in forest complexes in Upper Silesia (Southern Poland), to evaluate the impact of allochthonic and autochthonic plant detritus on the formation of zoobenthic communities, together with insolation intensity. In sites covered by a layer of allochthonic plant matter, zoobenthos were more abundant compared to places covered by autochthonic detritus. The density of zoobenthos in sun-exposed sites was two to three times greater than in shaded sites.
Identification of water quality and benthos characteristics in Daya Bay, China, from 2001 to 2004
Authors: Wang You-Shao , Sun Cui-Ci , Lou Zhi-Ping , Wang Haili , Mitchell B. , Wu Mei-Lin , Sun Zong-Xun 
Published: January 2011

Abstract
Physicochemical and benthos data were collected from 12 marine monitoring stations in Daya Bay, during 2001-2004. 12 stations in Daya Bay could be grouped into three clusters: cluster I consisted of stations in the southern part of Daya Bay (stations S1, S2 and S6); cluster II consisted of stations in the cage culture areas (stations S3, S4, S5 and S8); cluster III consisted of stations in the southwest, the middle and the northeast of the Bay (stations S7, S9, S10, S11 and S12). Calculation with bivariate correlations between benthos and major physicochemical factors showed that the density of benthos in all stations correlated positively with temperature, DO, pH, NH4-N, SiO3-Si, SiO3-Si /PO4-P and chlorophyll a and was negatively correlated with salinity, Secchi, COD, NO3-N, NO2-N, TIN, PO4-P, TIN/PO4-P and BOD5. Factor analysis showed that there were high positive loading salinity, Secchi and NH4-N of three clusters. Results revealed that temperature, DO, pH, SiO3-Si and SiO3-Si/PO4-P and chlorophyll a could also play an important role in determining the biomass of benthos in Daya Bay, especially near the Nuclear Power Plants, in the southern part and in the cage culture areas.
In vitro Mass Propagation from Shoot Tip Explants of Vernonia cinerea (L.) Less. An Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory Medicinal Plant
Authors: Maharajan M. , Ahmed Abdul Bakrudeen Ali , Taha Rosna Mat , Jawahar S. , Paul R. Ravi , Jayaseelan M. 
Published: January 2011

Plantlets were regenerated from the shoot tip explants of Vernonia cinerea (L.) Less. in MS supplimented with BA and Kn. Maximum number of shoots in BA (13.32 mg/l) and roots in IBA (7.38 mg/l) developed. The rooted plantlets were successfully established in the field. Key words: Vernonia cinerea, Mass propagation, Shoot tip explants, Antioxidant, Medicinal plant D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v20i2.6892 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 20(2): 127-131, 2010 (December)
Effects of the Growth Retardant Triadimefon on the Ex vitro Establishment of Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.) cv. Vinks Glory
Authors: Sheena A. , Sheela V.L. 
Published: January 2011

Triadimefon, a triazole compound increased survival per cent of micropropagated Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.) plantlets. Applica-tion of triadimefon caused a retarding effect on height of the plant (14.86 cm) compared to the untreated plants one month after planting to ex vitro conditions. Triazole application increased root number of the plants. Plants treated with triazole showed delayed leaf production interval of 10.45 and 14.48 days for first and second leaves, respectively. Triazole treated plants exhibited a lower stomatal conductance which indicated the reduced water loss from the leaves. Leaf area index was high for untreated plants(1.08) compared to treated plants. Key words: Gladiolus, Triazole, Micropropagation,Triadimefon, Acclimatization D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v20i2.6896 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 20(2): 171-178, 2010 (December)
Micropropagation of Bacopa monnieri using Cyanobacterial Liquid Medium
Authors: Banerjee Meenakshi , Modi Priyanka 
Published: January 2011

Hot extract of Aulosira fertilissima (cyanobacterium) added in different proportions to MS as a liquid culture media for the in vitro propagation of Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell. Maximum numbers of shoots were induced from axillary node in MS media (40 ml) + Aulosira extract (60 ml) and maximum shoot multiplication was observed when Kn (1.0 mg/l) was added in the shoot initiation media (mentioned above). Surprisingly rooting was also found to be best in the same combination of MS + cyanobacterial extract that was used for initiation and multiplication of shoots. On an average within a period of three subcultures (2 - 3 months) the nodal explants generated 400 shoots. Rooted plantlets were successfully transferred to the field, after acclimation in the net house. Key words: Baccopa monnieri, Cyanobacterial extract, Regeneration, Acclimation D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v20i2.6917 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 20(2): 225-231, 2010 (December)
Cadenze narrative e interpretazione critica nell'opera storica di Michele Attaliate
Authors: Cresci Lia Raffaella 
Published: January 2011

BEB 49 1991 France p. 197-218
Lia Raffaella Cresci, Cadenze narrative e interpretazione critica nell'opera slorica dt Michèle Attaliate. — L'analisi dell'impostazione compositiva e dei moduli narrativi su cui è strutturata l'ultima sezione délia storia di Michèle Attaliate consente di rilevare un uso enfatico della synkrisis, espediente tipico dell'encomio, per porre in rilievo, attraverso un serrato confronto, condotto a più livelli semantici, la differenza tra la rivolta di Niceforo Botaniate e quella di Niceforo Briennio.
À propos de la nouvelle édition des actes du sixième concile œcuménique (Constantinople III)
Authors: Failler Albert 
Published: January 2011

REB 52 1994 France p. 273-286
A. Failler, A propos de la nouvelle édition des actes du sixième concile œcuménique (Constantinople III). — L'article contient un certain nombre de remarques critiques sur la nouvelle édition des actes de Constantinople III, et plus spécialement sur le second volume de l'édition (Concilium Universale Constantinopolitanum Tertium. Conci- lii Actiones XII-XVIII, Epistulae, Indices edidit R. Riedinger, Berolini 1992) : les unes portent sur quelques défauts intrinsèques de l'édition elle-même du texte grec ; les autres mettent en cause certaines corrections imposées au texte grec sur la foi de la traduction latine, sous prétexte que celle-ci serait, sur le plan de la tradition manuscrite, le miroir fidèle du texte grec originel.
Experimental floral and inflorescence trait manipulations affect pollinator preference and function in a hummingbird‐pollinated plant
Authors: Dudash Michele R. , Hassler Cynthia , Stevens Peter M. , Fenster Charles B. 
Published: January 2011

•Premise of the study: Controversy is ongoing regarding the importance of pollinator‐mediated selection as a source of observed patterns of floral diversity. Although increasing evidence exists of pollinator‐mediated selection acting on female reproductive success, there is still limited understanding of pollinator‐mediated selection on floral traits via male reproductive success. Here we quantify potential selection by the ruby‐throated hummingbird,Archilochus colubris, on four floral traits of hermaphroditicSileneexerted through male floral function.•Methods: In single trait manipulative experiments we quantified hummingbird visitation preference and/or fluorescent dye (a pollen analog) donation as a function of number of flowers displayed (inflorescence size), height of the floral display (inflorescence height), floral color, and corolla tube length.•Key results: Hummingbirds preferred to visit larger floral displays and floral displays at greater height, likely representing a general pollinator preference for larger, more visible signals and/or greater rewards. In addition, hummingbirds preferred to visit red flowers, and male function was greater in flowers manipulated to have longer corolla tubes.•Conclusions: Selection pressures exerted by hummingbirds onS. virginicafloral and inflorescence design through male reproductive success are consistent with the contemporary expression of floral traits ofS. virginicarelative to relatedSilenespecies with different pollinators, and they are consistent with the hummingbird syndrome of traits expressed byS. virginica.
Application of phage typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis to analyse Salmonella enterica isolates from a suspected outbreak in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Akinyemi Kabiru Olusegun , Philipp Werner , Beyer Wolfgang , Böhm Reinhard 
Published: January 2011

Introduction: Inadequate potable water supply and poor sanitation predispose to food- and water-borne diseases associated with Salmonella enterica serovars in developing countries. In this study the possible source of an unprecedented upsurge of Salmonella-associated community gastroenteritis was traced using both phage-typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Methodology: Nineteen Salmonella Typhimurium (three sporadic isolates included) and 13 Salmonella Enteritidis isolates from clinical, animal, and environmental samples were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing, phage-typing, and PFGE analysis using standard procedures. Results: Eleven (68.8%) of the 16 outbreak-related multidrug resistant S. Typhimurium belonged to DT 71 phage type with cluster PFGE type X3, representing the most prevalent strain identified among human, animal, and environmental isolates. The remaining five (31.2%) outbreak-related strains reacted but did not conform with clear phage types (RDNC) with cluster PFGE types X1 and X2 (96.8% similarity). Sporadic strains were untypable and belonged to X4 PFGE type. However, the evaluated S. Enteritidis strains that were multidrug resistant without a definite phage type belonged to PFGE cluster type X1e and were identified among the water and human strains. None of the Typhimurium and Enteritdis isolates was resistant to the fluoroquinolone antibiotics that were evaluated. Conclusion: This study emphasizes the epidemiological usefulness of PFGE typing in the detection of emerging strains of multipledrug resistant Salmonella, particularly S. Typhimurium DT71, that pose serious health implications in our environment. The study provides epidemiological links between environmental reservoirs and human infection in this community.
HLA-G Expression in Human Embryonic Stem Cells and Preimplantation Embryos
Authors: Verloes An , Van de Velde Hilde , LeMaoult Joel , Mateizel Ileana , Cauffman Greet , Horn Peter A. , Carosella Edgardo D. , Devroey Paul , De Waele Marc , Rebmann Vera , Vercammen Martine 
Published: January 2011

Abstract
Human leukocyte Ag-G, a tolerogenic molecule that acts on cells of both innate and adaptive immunity, plays an important role in tumor progression, transplantation, placentation, as well as the protection of the allogeneic fetus from the maternal immune system. We investigated HLA-G mRNA and protein expression in human embryonic stem cells (hESC) derived from the inner cell mass (ICM) of blastocysts. hESC self-renew indefinitely in culture while maintaining pluripotency, providing an unlimited source of cells for therapy. HLA-G mRNA was present in early and late passage hESC, as assessed by real time RT-PCR. Protein expression was demonstrated by flow cytometry, immunocytochemistry, and ELISA on an hESC extract. Binding of HLA-G with its ILT2 receptor demonstrated the functional active status. To verify this finding in a physiologically relevant setting, HLA-G protein expression was investigated during preimplantation development. We demonstrated HLA-G protein expression in oocytes, cleavage stage embryos, and blastocysts, where we find it in trophectoderms but also in ICM cells. During blastocyst development, a downregulation of HLA-G in the ICM cells was present. This data might be important for cell therapy and transplantation because undifferentiated hESC can contaminate the transplant of differentiated stem cells and develop into malignant cancer cells.
Pulmonary Surfactant Protein A Enhances Endolysosomal Trafficking in Alveolar Macrophages through Regulation of Rab7
Authors: Sender Vicky , Moulakakis Christina , Stamme Cordula 
Published: January 2011

Abstract
Surfactant protein A (SP-A), the most abundant pulmonary soluble collectin, modulates innate and adaptive immunity of the lung, partially via its direct effects on alveolar macrophages (AM), the most predominant intra-alveolar cells under physiological conditions. Enhanced phagocytosis and endocytosis are key functional consequences of AM/SP-A interaction, suggesting a SP-A–mediated modulation of small Rab (Ras related in brain) GTPases that are pivotal membrane organizers in both processes. In this article, we show that SP-A specifically and transiently enhances the protein expression of endogenous Rab7 and Rab7b, but not Rab5 and Rab11, in primary AM from rats and mice. SP-A–enhanced GTPases are functionally active as determined by increased interaction of Rab7 with its downstream effector Rab7 interacting lysosomal protein (RILP) and enhanced maturation of cathepsin-D, a function of Rab7b. In AM and RAW264.7 macrophages, the SP-A–enhanced lysosomal delivery of GFP-Escherichia coli is abolished by the inhibition of Rab7 and Rab7 small interfering RNA transfection, respectively. The constitutive expression of Rab7 in AM from SP-A−/− mice is significantly reduced compared with SP-A+/+ mice and is restored by SP-A. Rab7 blocking peptides antagonize SP-A–rescued lysosomal delivery of GFP-E. coli in AM from SP-A−/− mice. Activation of Rab7, but not Rab7b, by SP-A depends on the PI3K/Akt/protein kinase Cζ (PKCζ) signal transduction pathway in AM and RAW264.7 macrophages. SP-A induces a Rab7/PKCζ interaction in these cells, and the disruption of PKCζ by small interfering RNA knockdown abolishes the effect of SP-A on Rab7. The data demonstrate a novel role for SP-A in modulating endolysosomal trafficking via Rab7 in primary AM and define biochemical pathways involved.
Suppressive Effect of Bacterial Polysaccharides on BAFF System Is Responsible for Their Poor Immunogenicity
Authors: Kanswal Sunita , Katsenelson Nora , Allman Windy , Uslu Kadriye , Blake Milan S. , Akkoyunlu Mustafa 
Published: January 2011

Abstract
Capsular polysaccharides of encapsulated bacteria are weakly immunogenic T cell-independent type 2 (TI-2) Ags. Recent findings suggest that BAFF system molecules have a critical role in the development of Ab responses against TI-2 Ags. In this study, we investigated the effect of bacterial polysaccharides on B cell responses to BAFF and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL). We determined that B cells exposed to meningococcal type C polysaccharide (MCPS) or group B Streptococcus serotype V (GBS-V) were unresponsive to BAFF- and APRIL-induced Ig secretion. Moreover, MCPS and GBS-V strongly downregulated transmembrane activator and calcium-modulator and cyclophilin ligand interactor, the BAFF and APRIL receptor that is responsible for Ab development against TI-2 Ags. Interestingly, (4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl-Ficoll (NP-Ficoll), a prototype TI-2 Ag, did not manifest a suppressive effect on B cells. Paradoxically, whereas GBS-V and MCPS inhibited IFN-γ–induced BAFF production from dendritic cells, NP-Ficoll strongly increased BAFF secretion. TLR 9 agonist CpG deoxyoligonucleotide (ODN) was able to reverse the MCPS-mediated transmembrane activator and calcium-modulator and cyclophilin ligand interactor suppression but could not rescue the Ig secretion in BAFF- or APRIL-stimulated B cells. In support of these in vitro observations, it was observed that CpG ODN could help augment the Ab response against NP in mice immunized with a CpG ODN-containing NP-Ficoll vaccine but exhibited only marginal adjuvant activity for MCPS vaccine. Collectively, these results suggest a mechanism for the weak immunogenicity of bacterial polysaccharides and explain the previously observed differences between bacterial polysaccharide and NP-Ficoll immunogenicity.
Absence of MyD88 Results in Enhanced TLR3-Dependent Phosphorylation of IRF3 and Increased IFN-β and RANTES Production
Authors: Siednienko Jakub , Gajanayake Thusitha , Fitzgerald Katherine A. , Moynagh Paul , Miggin Sinéad M. 
Published: January 2011

Abstract
Toll-like receptors are a group of pattern-recognition receptors that play a crucial role in “danger” recognition and induction of the innate immune response against bacterial and viral infections. TLR3 has emerged as a key sensor of viral dsRNA, resulting in the induction of the anti-viral molecule, IFN-β. Thus, a clearer understanding of the biological processes that modulate TLR3 signaling is essential. Previous studies have shown that the TLR adaptor, Mal/TIRAP, an activator of TLR4, inhibits TLR3-mediated IFN-β induction through a mechanism involving IRF7. In this study, we sought to investigate whether the TLR adaptor, MyD88, an activator of all TLRs except TLR3, has the ability to modulate TLR3 signaling. Although MyD88 does not significantly affect TLR3 ligand-induced TNF-α induction, MyD88 negatively regulates TLR3-, but not TLR4-, mediated IFN-β and RANTES production; this process is mechanistically distinct from that employed by Mal/TIRAP. We show that MyD88 inhibits IKKε-, but not TBK1-, induced activation of IRF3. In doing so, MyD88 curtails TLR3 ligand-induced IFN-β induction. The present study shows that while MyD88 activates all TLRs except TLR3, MyD88 also functions as a negative regulator of TLR3. Thus, MyD88 is essential in restricting TLR3 signaling, thereby protecting the host from unwanted immunopathologies associated with the excessive production of IFN-β. Our study offers a new role for MyD88 in restricting TLR3 signaling through a hitherto unknown mechanism whereby MyD88 specifically impairs IKKε-mediated induction of IRF3 and concomitant IFN-β and RANTES production.
SLAP Deficiency Enhances Number and Function of Regulatory T Cells Preventing Chronic Autoimmune Arthritis in SKG Mice
Authors: Peterson Lisa K. , Shaw Laura A. , Joetham Anthony , Sakaguchi Shimon , Gelfand Erwin W. , Dragone Leonard L. 
Published: January 2011

Abstract
To test if manipulating TCR complex-mediated signaling (TCR signaling) could treat autoimmune disease, we generated the double SKG Src-like adapter protein (SLAP) knockout (DSSKO) mouse model. The SKG mutation in ZAP70 and SLAP have opposing functions on the regulation of TCR signaling. The combination of these two mutations alters TCR signaling in the context of a defined genetic background, uniform environmental conditions, and a well-characterized signaling disruption. In contrast to SKG mice, DSSKO mice do not develop zymosan-induced chronic autoimmune arthritis. This arthritis prevention is not due to significant alterations in thymocyte development or repertoire selection but instead enhanced numbers of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and decreased numbers of Th17 cells skewing the ratio of Tregs to autoreactive effector T cells. Treg depletion and/or functional blockade led to the development of arthritis in DSSKO mice. In vitro suppression of effector T cell proliferation was also enhanced, demonstrating that DSSKO mice have increased numbers of Tregs with increased function. Understanding how TCR signals influence development, expansion, and function of Tregs in DSSKO mice could advance our ability to manipulate Treg biology to treat ultimately autoimmune disease.
Treatment of Long-Term Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infections with a Taurolidine Block: A Single Cancer Center Experience
Authors: Haag Georg-Martin , Berger Anne-Katrin , Jäger Dirk 
Published: January 2011

Purpose Catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs) are a common problem in cancer patients with long-term catheters. The effectiveness of taurolidine, a new antimicrobial solution, in the management of CRBSIs is still unknown. A retrospective analysis of patients with proven CRBSIs treated with a taurolidine block in combination with systemic antibiotic treatment was performed to define its role in the management of CRBSIs. Methods Twenty-four episodes of CRBSIs in 23 cancer patients with permanent use of the long-term catheter were treated with a taurolidine block for 3 consecutive days in combination with systemic antibiotic treatment. Results Treatment was successful in 16 of 24 events (67%). Explantation was performed in 8 cases (33%): in 3 patients due to a second positive blood culture, and in 1 patient due to recurrent fever after the conservative treatment. In 4 patients, the conservative approach was prematurely stopped due to persisting fever. Conclusion Taurolidine-based treatment may be a promising, noninvasive therapeutical approach in the management of long-term catheter-related bloodstream infections in cancer patients.
One Step Lithography of Polypyrrole
Authors: Acevedo Diego F. , Frontera Evelina , Broglia Martín F. , Mücklich Frank , Miras María C. , Barbero César A. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractLarge areas of polypyrrole (PPy) thin films deposited onto inert polymeric substrates are structured by direct laser interference patterning (DLIP). Several square millimeter areas could be produced with one single (10 ns) pulse, at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. Nanometric arrays of lines (>600 nm) or grids of PPy deposited on dielectric polymers polypropilene or polypirrol (PP or PE) are fabricated by DLIP at 355 nm. The period of the lines structures, measured by white light interferometry (WLI), is 3.5 µm. Regular structures are analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a focus ion beam (FIB) tomography. It is shown that only the PPy film is structured while the PP or PE substrate remains unaltered. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and UV‐vis spectroscopy, permit to ensure that PPy chemical structure remains unaltered after the structuration process. The width of PPy lines can be tailored by controlling the fluence of the laser beam. Contact angle measurement shows that the wettability is affected by the structuring, making the surface more hydrophobic. The structuring technique seems to be suitable for the fabrication of PPy regular structures over various substrates.
Understanding the Mechanical Properties of Antheraea Pernyi Silk—From Primary Structure to Condensed Structure of the Protein
Authors: Fu Chengjie , Porter David , Chen Xin , Vollrath Fritz , Shao Zhengzhong 
Published: January 2011

AbstractAntheraea pernyi (A. pernyi) silk is produced and used by “wild” silkworms to construct a cocoon, but the primary structure of its protein is rather similar to that of spider major ampullate silk used to build web and dragline. Studies on this specific silk may provide valuable knowledge about the structure‐property relationship for the whole animal silk family. In this work, A. pernyi silk fibers with few macroscale defects are obtained by forcibly reeling, and are investigated in detail. It is found that such silk fibers display breaking stress and toughness of the same magnitude as spider major ampullate silks and forcibly reeled mulberry silk. The other mechanical properties, such as elasticity, supercontraction, and the effect of water on modulus are between those of spider major ampullate silks and mulberry silk. Therefore, an interpretation of the connection between the primary structures of silk proteins and the mechanical properties of silks is proposed here based on the ordered fraction, which in turn is determined by both the protein sequence and spinning process of the silk.