bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Max Weber, le charisme routinisé et l'armée de l'air. L'éducation charismatique au sein d'une école d'officiers
Authors: Martin Clément , Pajon Christophe 
Published: October 2011

Résumé Le charisme apparaît de manière récurrente dans les discours de et sur les forces armées. L’obéissance à certains individus se voit parfois légitimée par les qualités exceptionnelles d’un individu « doué », « doté d’un rayonnement personnel ». Rompant avec cette conception « naturalisée » et « essentialisée » du charisme, cet article a un double objectif. D’une part, en s’appuyant sur le cas de l’armée de l’air, et plus particulièrement sur la structure de formation initiale de ses officiers, les développements suivants décriront l’émergence d’un charisme fondateur et sa routinisation progressive à travers différentes modalités. D’autre part, les auteurs se proposent d’offrir une opérationnalisation de l’un des concepts les moins étudiés de la sociologie de la domination wébérienne : celui d’éducation charismatique. Participant de l’émergence d’un charisme de fonction, elle aurait aussi pour conséquence la transmission de dispositions à percevoir le charisme.
Carotenoids in Age-Related Maculopathy Italian Study (CARMIS): Two-Year Results of a Randomized Study
Authors:   The Carmis Study Group, Piermarocchi Stefano , Saviano Sandro , Parisi Vincenzo , Tedeschi Massimiliano , Panozzo Giacomo , Scarpa Giuseppe , Boschi Giorgio , Giudice Giuseppe Lo ,   The Carmis Study Group, Piermarocchi Stefano , Sartore Mauro , Monterosso Gianluca , Giudice Giuseppe Lo , Fregona Iva , Cavarzeran Fabiano , Parodi Maurizio Battaglia , Saviano Sandro , Di Stefano Giuseppe , Varano Monica , Parisi Vincenzo , Tedeschi Massimiliano , Capaldo Nicoletta , Panozzo Giacomo , Pignatto Silvia , Gusson Elena , Parolini Barbara , Boschi Giorgio , Scarpa Giuseppe , Del Sal Carla , Virgili Gianni 
Published: October 2011

Purpose The high concentration of carotenoids in the macula, plus evidence linking oxidative stress to age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and carotenoids to antioxidation, generated the hypothesis that higher antioxidant intakes can prevent AMD. The aim of this study was to determine whether nutritional supplementation with a targeted nutritional supplement improves visual acuity and visual function in AMD. Methods In this multicenter, prospective open-label randomized study, 145 patients were randomly assigned to 2 different treatment groups. Interventions were lutein (10 mg), zeaxanthin (1 mg), astaxanthin (4 mg; AZYR SIFI, Catania, Italy), and antioxidants/vitamins supplementation formula or no dietary supplementation for 2 years. Primary outcome was mean changes in visual acuity (VA) at 12 and 24 months. Other measures included contrast sensitivity (CS) and National Eye Institute visual function questionnaire (NEI VFQ-25) scores at 12 and 24 months. Results Patients in the treated group showed stabilization of VA with significantly (p=0.003) better VA scores (81.4±7.2) compared to the nontreated group (76.8±8.9) at 24-month follow-up. An improvement in CS (p=0.001) and final mean NEI VFQ-25 composite scores at 12 and 24 months higher in treated group compared to nontreated group were also shown (p<0.001). Conclusions Patients treated with lutein/zeaxanthin and astaxanthin together with other nutrients were more likely to report clinically meaningful stabilization/improvements in VA, CS, and visual function through 24 months compared with nontreated subjects. Further studies are needed with more patients and for longer periods of time.
Acute phase after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Graf L. , Stern M. 
Published: October 2011

SummaryThe transplantation of allogeneic or autologous haematopoietic stem cells is an established treatment for many malignant and non-malignant diseases of the bone marrow. Intensive cytoreductive regimens administered before transplantation induce prolonged and severe cytopenia of all haematopoietic lineages. Thrombocytopenia leads to an increased risk of bleeding, which may be further aggravated by consumption of plasmatic factors as a result of tumour lysis or after antibody administration. At the same time, patients after transplantation are also at increased risk of thrombotic complications. Endothelial damage induced by radio-and chemotherapy, indwelling catheters, prolonged immobilization and a high incidence of systemic infection all contribute to the frequent occurrence of thromboembolic events in this population.This review discusses the incidence and risk factors for haemorrhagic and thrombotic complications after stem cell transplantation. Special emphasis is given to complications occurring specifically in the context of transplantation such as diffuse alveolar haemorrhage, haemorrhagic cystitis, veno-occlusive disease, and transplant associated microangiopathy.
Bariatric Metabolic Surgery vs Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Mortality
Authors: Dicker Dror , Sagy Yael Wolff , Ramot Noga , Battat Erez , Greenland Philip , Arbel Ronen , Lavie Gil , Reges Orna 
Published: June 2024

ImportanceEvidence regarding the relative effectiveness of bariatric metabolic surgery (BMS) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) in reducing mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) is limited.ObjectiveTo compare all-cause mortality and nonfatal MACEs associated with BMS vs GLP-1RAs for adults with obesity and diabetes and without known cardiovascular disease.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis observational, retrospective cohort study was based on data obtained from the electronic medical records of Clalit Health Services (Clalit), the largest health care organization in Israel. The study included 6070 members aged 24 years or older, who had diabetes and obesity and no prior history of ischemic heart disease, ischemic stroke, or congestive heart failure. Patients who underwent BMS and patients who received GLP-1RAs from January 1, 2008, through December 31, 2021, were matched 1:1 by age, sex, and clinical characteristics. Follow-up ended December 31, 2022.ExposuresInitiation of BMS or GLP-1RAs.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was all-cause mortality, assessed by multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models. The secondary outcome was nonfatal MACEs, assessed by multivariate competing risk models.ResultsThe study included 3035 matched pairs of patients (total, 6070; mean [SD] age, 51.0 [9.5] years; 3938 women [64.9%]), who were followed up for a median of 6.8 years (IQR, 4.1-9.4 years). Among those with a diabetes duration of 10 years or less (2371 pairs), mortality was lower for those who underwent BMS than for those treated with GLP-1RAs (hazard ratio [HR], 0.38; 95% CI, 0.25-0.58). This association became nonsignificant when weight loss during the follow-up period was also included in the model (HR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.43-1.48). Among patients with a duration of diabetes longer than 10 years (664 pairs), no survival advantage was demonstrated for BMS over GLP-1RA (HR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.39-1.08). The risk for nonfatal MACEs did not differ between the treatment groups (HR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.49-1.10 among patients with a diabetes duration of ≤10 years; HR, 1.21; 95% CI, 0.80-1.85 among patients with a diabetes duration of &amp;gt;10 years).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study, BMS was associated with greater reduced mortality compared with first-generation GLP-1RAs among individuals with a diabetes duration of 10 years or less, mediated via greater weight loss. No differences in the risk for mortality were observed between the treatment modalities among individuals with a longer duration of diabetes, nor in the occurrence of nonfatal MACEs among all patients.
Temperature/Component‐Dependent Luminescence in Lead‐Free Hybrid Metal Halides for Temperature Sensor and Anti‐Counterfeiting
Authors: Zhou Guojun , Wang Yanting , Mao Yilin , Guo Caihong , Zhang Jian , Molokeev Maxim S. , Xia Zhiguo , Zhang Xian‐Ming 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHybrid metal halides (HMHs) have emerged as a promising platform for optically functional crystalline materials, but it is extremely challenging to thoroughly elucidate the electron transition coupled to additional ligand emission. Herein, to discover sequences of lead‐free HMHs with distinct optically active metal cations are aimed, that is, Sb3+ (5s2) with the lone‐pair electron configuration and In3+ (4d10) with the fully‐filled electron configuration. (Me2NH2)4MCl6·Cl (Me = −CH3, M = Sb, In) exhibits the superior temperature/component‐dependent luminescence behaviors resulting from the competition transition between triplet‐states (Tn‐S0) self‐trapped excitons (STEs) of inorganic units and singlet‐state (S1‐S0) of organic cations, which is manipulated by the optical activity levels of [SbCl6]3− and [InCl6]3−. The bonding differences between Sb3+/In3+ and Cl− in terms of electronic excitation and hybridization are emphasized, and the different electron‐transition mechanisms are established according to the PL spectra at the extreme temperature of 5 to 305 K and theoretical calculations. By fine‐tuning the B‐site Sb3+/In3+ alloying, the photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY = 81.5%) and stability are optimized at 20% alloying of Sb3+. This research sheds light on the rules governing PL behaviors of HMHs, as well as exploring the optical‐functional application of aviation temperature sensors and access‐control systems.
Advances in Electrocatalyst Design and Mechanism for Sulfide Oxidation Reaction in Hydrogen Sulfide Splitting
Authors: Yu Zhao , Deng Zhiping , Li Yao , Wang Xiaolei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSulfide oxidation reaction (SOR) is a semi‐reaction for the electrochemical decomposition of hydrogen sulfide. Combining SOR with the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) allows for the simultaneous splitting of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) to produce green hydrogen, reducing energy input and environmental pollution. However, the phenomenon of sulfur passivation on the anode leads to catalyst deactivation, posing a bottleneck in developing efficient SOR. Electrocatalysts with decent performance and sulfur‐tolerance play a central role in the application of SOR. Here, recent progress on electrocatalysis mechanisms and catalyst design strategies of SOR are summarized. A summary of recent progress is made in materials such as alloys, metal oxides, metal sulfides, metal selenides, and heterostructures as SOR catalysts. Additionally, some valuable design and modulation strategies are highlighted and included. Finally, this review offers an outlook on the future directions in this emerging field.
Fiber‐Based Miniature Strain Sensor with Fast Response and Low Hysteresis
Authors: Wang Ruixuan , Qiu Tong , Zhang Yujing , Rein Michael , Stolyarov Alexander , Zhang Junru , Seidel Gary D. , Johnson Blake N. , Wang Anbo , Jia Xiaoting 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFlexible and stretchable strain sensors are in high demand in sports performance monitoring, structural health monitoring, and biomedical applications. However, existing stretchable soft sensors, primarily based on soft polymer materials, often suffer from drawbacks, including high hysteresis, low durability, and delayed response. To overcome these limitations, a stretchable miniature fiber sensor comprised of a stretchable core tightly coiled with parallel conductive wires is introduced. This fiber sensor is flexible and stretchable while exhibiting low hysteresis, a remarkable theoretical resolution of 0.015%, a response time of <30 milliseconds, and excellent stability after extensive cycling tests of over 16 000 cycles. To understand and predict the capacitive sensor response of the proposed sensor, an analytical expression is derived and proved to have good agreements with both experimental results and numerical simulation. The potential of the strain sensor as a wearable device is demonstrated by embedding it into belts, gloves, and knee protectors. Additionally, the sensor can extend its applications beyond wearable devices, as demonstrated by its integration into bladder and life safety rope monitoring systems. The sensor is envisioned to have applications in the field of sports performance evaluations, health care monitoring, and structural safety assessments.
Wireless Peristaltic Pump for Transporting Viscous Fluids and Solid Cargos in Confined Spaces
Authors: Sharma Saksham , Jung Laura Caroline , Lee Nicholas , Wang Yusheng , Kirk‐Jadric Ane , Naik Rishi , Dong Xiaoguang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe transport of fluids and solids is a vital process inside the human body, facilitated by the wave‐like motion in the lumen called peristalsis. However, peristalsis may be compromised due to tumor growth, resulting in difficulties in lumen motility. The dysmotility of the human lumen can result in blockages and pose numerous challenges, including aspiration in the lungs and reproductive issues in the female oviduct. Restoring peristalsis in medical devices, such as medical stents, can prevent device blockage and promote effective transport. Here, a wirelessly actuated soft robotic undulating pump designed to efficiently transport both viscous fluidic and solid cargos is proposed. The kinematics of the single sheet and the coordination between pairs are systematically designed to generate undulation and peristalsis, enabling the pumping of both liquids and solids. The integration of the undulating pump is demonstrated onto an esophageal stent. The same undulating motion‐based pumping mechanism can be adapted for usage in other organs, such as the female oviduct, thereby offering potential applications for treating lumen dysmotility in various diseases. The proposed wirelessly actuated robotic pumping mechanism holds promise in facilitating diverse implantable medical devices aimed at treating diseases characterized by impaired peristalsis and dysmotility.
Dual‐Site Trigger Electronic Communication Effects to Accelerate H2O2 Activation for Colorimetric Sensing of Uranyl Ions in Seawater
Authors: Jia Xiangkun , Jiao Lei , Li Ruimin , Chen Chengjie , Li Xiaotong , Hu Lijun , Zhai Yanling , Zhu Chengzhou , Lu Xiaoquan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEfficient activation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) through biomimetic catalysis still faces a major challenge. In this work, inspired by the catalytic pocket of natural peroxidase, Cu single atom (CuSA) and AuCu nanoparticles (AuCuNPs) anchored on nitrogen‐doped carbon skeleton (CuSA‐AuCuNPs/NC) serve as dual active sites that significantly accelerate the charge transfer process and thus achieve efficient H2O2 activation. Meanwhile, the experimental and theoretical calculations show that the well‐established electronic communication effect between CuSA and AuCuNPs results in moderate electronic modifications to CuSA, which promotes the heterolysis of H2O2 and the timely desorption of H2O. As a proof of concept, CuSA‐AuCuNPs/NC show remarkable performance in detecting uranyl ions in seawater. This work provides new insights into the H2O2 activation for colorimetric sensing.
Unconventional Dually‐Mobile Superrepellent Surfaces
Authors: Fan Yue , Wang Shuai , Huang Yusheng , Tan Yao , Gui Lishuang , Huang Shilin , Tian Xuelin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe ability of water droplets to move freely on superrepellent surfaces is a crucial feature that enables effective liquid repellency. Common superrepellent surfaces allow free motion of droplets in the Cassie state, with the liquid resting on the surface textures. However, liquid impalement into the textures generally leads to a wetting transition to the Wenzel state and droplet immobilization on the surface, thereby destroying the liquid repellency. This study reports the creation of a novel type of superrepellent surface through rational structural control combined with liquid‐like surface chemistry, which allows for the free movement of water droplets and effective repellency in both the Cassie and Wenzel states. Theoretical guidelines for designing such surfaces are provided, and experimental results are consistent with theoretical analysis. Furthermore, this work demonstrates the enhanced ice resistance of the dually‐mobile superrepellent surfaces, along with their distinctive self‐cleaning capability to eliminate internal contaminants. This study expands the understanding of superrepellency and offers new possibilities for the development of repellent surfaces with exceptional anti‐wetting properties.
Superconductivity in Freestanding Infinite‐Layer Nickelate Membranes
Authors: Yan Shengjun , Mao Wei , Sun Wenjie , Li Yueying , Sun Haoying , Yang Jiangfeng , Hao Bo , Guo Wei , Nian Leyan , Gu Zhengbin , Wang Peng , Nie Yuefeng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe observation of superconductivity in infinite‐layer nickelates has attracted significant attention due to its potential as a new platform for exploring high‐Tc superconductivity. However, thus far, superconductivity has only been observed in epitaxial thin films, which limits the manipulation capabilities and modulation methods compared to two‐dimensional exfoliated materials. Given the exceptionally giant strain tunability and stacking capability of freestanding membranes, separating superconducting nickelates from the as‐grown substrate is a novel way to engineer the superconductivity and uncover the underlying physics. Herein, this work reports the synthesis of the superconducting freestanding La0.8Sr0.2NiO2 membranes (), emphasizing the crucial roles of the interface engineering in the precursor phase film growth and the quick transfer process in achieving superconductivity. This work offers a new versatile platform for investigating superconductivity in nickelates, such as the pairing symmetry via constructing Josephson tunneling junctions and higher Tc values via high‐pressure experiments.
Strong‐Yet‐Ductile Eutectic Alloys Employing Cocoon‐Like Nanometer‐Sized Dislocation Cells
Authors: Shi Peijian , Li Yi , Jiang Xin , Shen Zhe , Li Runguang , Lin Zhongze , Li Qiang , Ding Biao , Zheng Tianxiang , Liang Xue , Min Na , Peng Jianchao , Li Hui , Ren Weili , Lei Zuosheng , Ren Yang , Liu C. T. , Zhong Yunbo , Ma Evan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEutectic alloys (EAs) with superior fluidity are known to be the easiest to cast into high‐quality ingots, making them the alloys of choice for making large‐sized structural parts. However, conventional EAs (CEAs) have never reached strength–ductility combinations on par with the best in other alloy categories. Via thermomechanical processing of cast Ni‐32.88wt%Fe‐9.53wt%Al CEAs, a cocoon‐like nano‐meshed (as fine as 26 nm) network of dislocations (CNN‐D) is produced via recovery annealing, through the rearrangement of cold‐work‐accumulated dislocations anchored by dense pre‐existing nanoprecipitates. In lieu of traditional plasticity mechanisms, such as TWIP and TRIP, the CNN‐D is particularly effective in eutectic lamellae with alternating phases, as it instigates nanometer‐spaced planar slip bands that not only dynamically refine the microstructure but also transmit from the FCC (face‐centered‐cubic) layers into the otherwise brittle B2 layers. These additional mechanisms for strengthening and strain hardening sustain stable tensile flow, resulting in a striking elevation of both strength and ductility to outrank not only all previous CEAs, but also the state of the art—additively manufactured eutectic high‐entropy alloys. The CNN‐D thus adds a novel microstructural strategy for performance enhancement, especially for compositionally complex alloys that increasingly make use of nanoprecipitates or local chemical order.
Efficient and Robust Dynamic Crosslinking for Compatibilizing Immiscible Mixed Plastics through In Situ Generated Singlet Nitrenes
Authors: Castro Jordan , Westworth Xavier , Shrestha Roman , Yokoyama Kosuke , Guan Zhibin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCreating a sustainable economy for plastics demands the exploration of new strategies for efficient management of mixed plastic waste. The inherent incompatibility of different plastics poses a major challenge in plastic mechanical recycling, resulting in phase‐separated materials with inferior mechanical properties. Here, this study presents a robust and efficient dynamic crosslinking chemistry that effectively compatibilizes mixed plastics. Composed of aromatic sulfonyl azides, the dynamic crosslinker shows high thermal stability and generates singlet nitrene species in situ during solvent‐free melt‐extrusion, effectively promoting C─H insertion across diverse plastics. This new method demonstrates successful compatibilization of binary polymer blends and model mixed plastics, enhancing mechanical performance and improving phase morphology. It holds promise for managing mixed plastic waste, supporting a more sustainable lifecycle for plastics.
Magnetically Actuated GelMA‐Based Scaffolds as a Strategy to Generate Complex Bioprinted Tissues
Authors: Ergene Emre , Liman Gorkem , Yilgor Pinar , Demirel Gokhan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe 3D bioprinting of complex structures has attracted particular attention in recent years and has been explored in several fields, including dentistry, pharmaceutical technology, medical devices, and tissue/organ engineering. However, it still possesses major challenges, such as decreased cell viability due to the prolongation of the printing time, along with difficulties in preserving the print shape. The 4D bioprinting approach, which is based on controlled shape transformation upon stimulation after 3D bioprinting, is a promising innovative method to overcome these difficulties. Herein, the generation of skeletal muscle tissue‐like complex structures is demonstrated by 3D bioprinting of GelMA‐based C2C12 mouse myoblast‐laden bio‐ink on a polymeric magnetic actuator that enables on‐demand shape transformation (i.e., rolling motion) under a magnetic field. Bioprinted scaffolds are used in both unrolled (open as control) and rolled forms. The results indicate that C2C12s remain viable upon controlled shape transformation, and functional myotube formation is initiated by the 7th day within bioprinted platforms. Moreover, when the rolled and open groups are compared regarding MyoD1 staining intensity, the rolled one enhanced MyoD1 expression. These results provide a promising methodology for generating complex structures with a simple magnetic actuation procedure for the bioprinting of tissue‐engineered constructs with enhanced cell viability and functionality.