bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A cross-sectional analysis of gender and psychological well-being among older Taiwanese adults
Authors: Fergus Deleon N. , Chen Yi-Hua , Chuang Ying-Chih , Ma Ai-hsuan Sandra , Chuang Kun-Yang 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundPsychological well-being (PWB) facilitates good health. Few studies have taken into consideration gender and how it can affect PWB within a sociocultural context. This study aims to determine if relationships between social, health, behavioral, and socioeconomic factors on PWB among older Taiwanese adults are affected by gender.MethodsData were obtained from the 2016 Taiwan Mental Health Survey. A representative sample, of 2,286 individuals, was created using multistage proportional probability. Participants were interviewed at their homes using a structured questionnaire. Inclusion criteria were Taiwanese citizenship, age ≥ 55 years, and the ability to provide informed consent. Participants 65 years and above were selected for the study sample n = 1,533. An 18-item version of Ryff’s PWB scale was used to determine PWB. The median value was used to categorize low and high PWB. Logistic regression analyses were used to examine predictors of PWB stratified by gender.ResultsChronic disease, unemployment, and financial dependence negatively impacted men’s PWB. Satisfaction with living environment and family relationships positively impacted women’s PWB. Unique characteristics of older men, women, and culture account for this.ConclusionGender-specific interventions aimed at promoting PWB in older adults are needed. Recommendations include educational programs, social support workshops, and community engagement initiatives.
Teen dating violence: predictive role of sexism and the mediating role of empathy and assertiveness based on gender
Authors: Villanueva-Blasco Víctor José , Iranzo Begoña , Mateu-Mollá Joaquín , Carrascosa Laura , Gómez-Martínez Sandra , Corral-Martínez Marta , Mitjans Mª Teresa , Hernández-Jiménez Mª Jesús 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundDespite efforts to prevent dating violence among adolescents, it remains a major problem with multiple negative consequences. Sexist beliefs, empathy, and assertiveness influence teen dating violence (TDV) with potential gender differences.Objectives(1) Determine gender disparities in TDV perpetration and victimization, including relational, verbal-emotional, and physical aspects, as well as roles; (2) Analyze gender variations in sexism, empathy, assertiveness, and their relationship with TDV; (3) Establish a predictive model of sexism in TDV with empathy and assertiveness as mediators for both genders.Participants and settingA sample of 862 secondary school students (50.2% females, 49.8% males; mean age: 14.1 years) from diverse regions in Spain participated.MethodsTDV was measured using the Conflict in Adolescent Dating Relationships Inventory (CADRI) in a cross-sectional study. Sexism, empathy, and assertiveness were assessed using the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (ASI), Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI), and Assertiveness Inventory for Students Questionnaire (AISQ), respectively.ResultsFemales exhibited higher TDV perpetration, specifically verbal-emotional TDV. Males showed more relational TDV and hostile sexism, while no benevolent sexism differences were observed. Mediation models demonstrated sexism, assertiveness, and empathy as individual predictors of TDV, with varying mediation effects. Personal distress partially mediates the link between sexism and TDV perpetration or victimization in males, while practical personal ability mediates between sexism and TDV perpetration in females.ConclusionSexism predicts both perpetration and victimization in TDV, linked to empathy and assertiveness. Notably, specific dimensions of empathy and assertiveness mediate the connection between sexism and TDV, displaying gender-specific patterns. Preventive measures should consider personal distress in male perpetrators/victims and practical personal ability in female perpetrators.
Incorporating gendered analysis and flexibility in heavy work investment studies: a systematic literature review
Authors: Escudero-Guirado Carmen , Fernández-Rodríguez Lourdes , Nájera-Sánchez Juan-José 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionSignificant impacts of heavy work investment on employee well-being and organizational performance have prompted its increasing importance as a research topic. The findings about good or evil of these repercussions are nonetheless inconclusive. The intersection of Heavy Work Investment construct with gender has not been explicitly addressed by previous literature review and research. Besides, the relevance of flexibility for women, as one of the key factors for successful work-family balance management, still remains to be analyzed.MethodsA literature review on Heavy Work Investment was conducted using the SPAR-4-SLR protocol, wherein 83 articles were selected from a pool of 208 previously identified works. Bibliometric and content analysis techniques were employed, including co-word analysis, to evaluate research production, impact, and trends in the gender perspective within Heavy Work Investment.ResultsAs a result, a strategic diagram illustrates thematic topics, providing a clear understanding of the field’s structure and evolution. Six thematic groups were identified, around work-family conflict as the central theme.DiscussionThe explicit consideration of a gender perspective in literature involves nuanced differences regarding the conclusions of studies with a broader focus. First, the emerging prominence of studies on China and Japan becomes clear with gender as the specific focus of the review, aiming to clarify the experiences women face in more traditional societies with a more decisive division of roles. Second, there is a shift in interest regarding the analysis of Job Demands and Job Resources. Despite the apparent decline in interest in the former, the focus in gender literature clearly shifts toward the side of Job Resources, showing potential for the future. It could be understood that in a context of talent war and employee retention efforts, priority is given to better understanding of facilitating individual and organizational factors for work-life balance, especially for women. Future research areas are identified, including gender differences in organizational support and the impact of flexible work on the work-life balance, providing valuable insights for academia, practitioners, and organizations. The need for more comprehensive cross-cultural and gender research is also made clear.
Brain network functional connectivity changes in long illness duration chronic schizophrenia
Authors: Bai Yin Xia , Luo Jia Xin , Peng Duo , Sun Jing Jing , Gao Yi Fang , Hao Li Xia , Tong B. G. , He Xue Mei , Luo Jia Yu , Liang Zi Hong , Yang Fan 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionChronic schizophrenia has a course of 5 years or more and has a widespread abnormalities in brain functional connectivity. This study aimed to find characteristic functional and structural changes in a long illness duration chronic schizophrenia (10 years or more).MethodsThirty-six patients with a long illness duration chronic schizophrenia and 38 healthy controls were analyzed by independent component analysis of brain network functional connectivity. Correlation analysis with clinical duration was performed on six resting state networks: auditory network, default mode network, dorsal attention network, fronto-parietal network, somatomotor network, and visual network.ResultsThe differences in the resting state network between the two groups revealed that patients exhibited enhanced inter-network connections between default mode network and multiple brain networks, while the inter-network connections between somatomotor network, default mode network and visual network were reduced. In patients, functional connectivity of Cuneus_L was negatively correlated with illness duration. Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic curve of functional connectivity showed that changes in Thalamus_L, Rectus_L, Frontal_Mid_R, and Cerebelum_9_L may indicate a longer illness duration chronic schizophrenia.DiscussionIn our study, we also confirmed that the course of disease is significantly associated with specific brain regions, and the changes in specific brain regions may indicate that chronic schizophrenia has a course of 10 years or more.
Machine learning algorithms to predict healthcare-seeking behaviors of mothers for acute respiratory infections and their determinants among children under five in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Yehuala Tirualem Zeleke , Agimas Muluken Chanie , Derseh Nebiyu Mekonnen , Wubante Sisay Maru , Fente Bezawit Melak , Yismaw Getaneh Awoke , Tesfie Tigabu Kidie 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundAcute respiratory infections (ARIs) are the leading cause of death in children under the age of 5 globally. Maternal healthcare-seeking behavior may help minimize mortality associated with ARIs since they make decisions about the kind and frequency of healthcare services for their children. Therefore, this study aimed to predict the absence of maternal healthcare-seeking behavior and identify its associated factors among children under the age 5 in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) using machine learning models.MethodsThe sub-Saharan African countries’ demographic health survey was the source of the dataset. We used a weighted sample of 16,832 under-five children in this study. The data were processed using Python (version 3.9), and machine learning models such as extreme gradient boosting (XGB), random forest, decision tree, logistic regression, and Naïve Bayes were applied. In this study, we used evaluation metrics, including the AUC ROC curve, accuracy, precision, recall, and F-measure, to assess the performance of the predictive models.ResultIn this study, a weighted sample of 16,832 under-five children was used in the final analysis. Among the proposed machine learning models, the random forest (RF) was the best-predicted model with an accuracy of 88.89%, a precision of 89.5%, an F-measure of 83%, an AUC ROC curve of 95.8%, and a recall of 77.6% in predicting the absence of mothers’ healthcare-seeking behavior for ARIs. The accuracy for Naïve Bayes was the lowest (66.41%) when compared to other proposed models. No media exposure, living in rural areas, not breastfeeding, poor wealth status, home delivery, no ANC visit, no maternal education, mothers’ age group of 35–49 years, and distance to health facilities were significant predictors for the absence of mothers’ healthcare-seeking behaviors for ARIs. On the other hand, undernourished children with stunting, underweight, and wasting status, diarrhea, birth size, married women, being a male or female sex child, and having a maternal occupation were significantly associated with good maternal healthcare-seeking behaviors for ARIs among under-five children.ConclusionThe RF model provides greater predictive power for estimating mothers’ healthcare-seeking behaviors based on ARI risk factors. Machine learning could help achieve early prediction and intervention in children with high-risk ARIs. This leads to a recommendation for policy direction to reduce child mortality due to ARIs in sub-Saharan countries.
Current syphilis infection in virally suppressed people living with HIV: a cross-sectional study in eastern China
Authors: He Lin , Pan Xiaohong , Yang Jiezhe , Zheng Jinlei , Luo Mingyu , Cheng Wei , Chai Chengliang 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundAntiretroviral therapy (ART) has been shown to reduce human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) viral replication and ultimately achieve viral suppression and eliminate HIV transmission. However, little is known about the impact of viral suppression on high-risk behaviors and sexually transmitted infections (STIs).ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the rates of current syphilis infection in virally suppressed people living with HIV (PLWH) and whether with the duration of ART can reduce the current syphilis infection in eastern China.MethodWe conducted a cross-sectional survey of PLWH in Zhejiang Province, China, in 2022. PLWH who were on ART &gt;6 months and were virally suppressed (viral load &lt;50 copies/mL) were included in the study. Data were collected from the National Epidemiological Database of Zhejiang Province and all participants were tested for viral load and current syphilis. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify risk factors associated with current syphilis infection.ResultA total of 30,744 participants were included in the analysis. 82.7% of participants were male, the mean age was 44.9 ± 14.1 years, 84.9% had received ART in a hospital setting, the mean time on ART was 5.9 ± 3.1 years and 5.6% of participants were infected with current syphilis. Multivariable logistic regression showed that being male [adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 2.12, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.69–2.66], high level of education (aOR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.02–1.49), homosexual route of HIV infection (aOR: 1.80, 95% CI: 1.60–2.04), non-local registered residence (aOR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.11–1.51), had history of STIs before HIV diagnosis (aOR: 1.95, 95 % CI: 1.75–2.18) and treatment provided by a municipal hospital (aOR: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.31–3.55) were associated with increased risk of current syphilis infection. Being married (aOR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.58–0.76) was associated with a decreased risk of current syphilis infection.ConclusionOur findings revealed a high rate of current syphilis infection among virally suppressed PLWH in eastern China. Duration of ART did not reduce the prevalence of current syphilis infection. Targeted interventions to reduce current syphilis infection should be prioritized for subgroups at higher risk.
Physical exercise and mental health among older adults: the mediating role of social competence
Authors: Hou Bin , Wu Yuxin , Huang Yuqi 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundHealthy aging is crucial to the quality of life of older adults, of which mental health is an essential part. Physical exercise strongly affects their mental health and can alleviate psychological problems to a certain extent. Nevertheless, the correlation between physical exercise and the mental health of older adults individuals, as well as the underlying mechanism by which physical exercise impacts mental health, remains rather ambiguous.MethodsWe utilized multiple linear regression models to investigate the relationship between physical activity and mental health in 3,240 persons aged 60 and up. The propensity score matching (PSM) method was used to assess the robustness of the regression results. In addition, sequential recursive models were employed to investigate the mediating role of social competence in the link between physical activity and mental health.Results and discussionWe discovered a strong favorable association between physical exercise and mental health, which was mediated by social competence. Furthermore, the effect of physical exercise on mental health differed across older persons from various socioeconomic backgrounds.ConclusionOlder adults should strengthen their understanding of the role of physical exercise. Sports organizations that serve older adults by providing resources and services to help them maintain physical fitness and by hosting sports activities and competitions according to their needs should be established.
Spatial and temporal patterns of diffuse attenuation coefficient in Guánica, Puerto Rico: 15 years after development of a watershed management plan
Authors: Guzmán-Morales Alba L. , Armstrong Roy A. , Cruz-Motta Juan J. , Hernández William J. 
Published: June 2024

Decreased water quality in coastal environments due to land alterations by human activities has caused stressed and degraded coral reefs worldwide. The consequences of decreased water quality are not limited to coral reefs but also affect the quality of people’s lives by increasing the incidence of diseases, so areas highly impacted have been prioritized for management. The Guánica Bay Watershed Management Plan was developed to reduce the non-point sources of pollution that arrive at the bay and to protect adjacent coral reefs, however, 15 years have passed since its creation and management actions have not been evaluated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the management actions implemented in the Guánica Bay watershed. Therefore, the objective of this study was to describe temporal trends (2002–2008 and 2016–2022) of remotely sensed diffuse attenuation coefficient at 490 nm (Kd490), a water quality indicator, in one managed (Guánica Bay) and three non-managed (Guayanilla Bay, Descalabrado River, and Guanajibo River) estuaries in Southwestern Puerto Rico. This was achieved by integrating ocean-color satellite imagery from MERIS-Envisat and OLCI-Sentinel-3 sensors that were sampled using a beyond-Before-After-Control-Impact (beyond-BACI) approach. An additional oceanic site was selected to evaluate continuity between sensors estimates. The imagery was processed using SNAP to extract Kd490 values in the estuaries. The analysis for the beyond-BACI found significant differences between periods (before and after) but the changes were unique to each location within estuary. The lowest Kd490 values and variability within estuary was observed in Guánica (range 0.05–0.1 m-1) and the highest Kd490 values were observed in Guayanilla (0.35 m-1). The southern estuaries showed similar temporal trends, all having a peak in 2018 and a trough in 2020. Kd490 did not decrease in Guánica after the implementation of management actions, which can be related to the passage of several hurricanes during the after period. Further analysis should be done as new data is available and after the implementation of the last management actions suggested in the plan.
Kajian concept image siswa pada materi matriks
Authors: Sulistina Linita , Negara Habibi Ratu Perwira 
Published: June 2024

The failure of students to solve matrix problems may be due to misconceptions in their concept image. Concept image encompasses cognition related to a concept, including mental representation, properties, characteristics, and cognitive processes associated with that concept. This study aims to understand students' concept image regarding matrices. The method used is qualitative with a phenomenological approach, conducted on 19 eleventh-grade students in a madrasah located in Narmada District. Data collection involves tests and interviews. Samples are selected through testing. Concept image is determined based on indicators, including aspects of mental representation, processes, and properties. The research findings reveal that Subject 1 has a strong concept image, demonstrated by their ability to relate matrix concepts to relevant contexts, internalize concepts well, and apply them in various situations. Conversely, Subject 2 has a weak concept image, struggling to form a clear mental representation of matrix concepts and facing difficulties in applying correct formulas and procedures. Therefore, it is essential to implement teaching approaches focusing on deep conceptual understanding and fostering a strong concept image to enhance student comprehension.
من الأرض إلى السماء: سيزان، كلي وهايدغر.
Authors: درويش فرانك 
Published: June 2024

الهدف من هذه المقالة هو تبيين الفارق بين أعمال سيزان وكلي الفنّيّة على أنّه قائم على انفتاح مختلف لفكر وأعمال كلّ منهما على العالم.
نتساءل بالتحديد عن سبب مكوث سيزان في أعمالٍ مرتبطة بالأرض دون دخوله في فكر أعمق يقود إلى تبنّيه انفتاح الفنّ على الكون، كما حصل عند كلي.
نتّبع في هذه الدراسة منهجاً فلسفيّاً وصفيّاً، حيث تتناول صفات الوجود والإنتاج، وبالتحديد هنا النتاج الفنّيّ، من خلال شبكة القراءة التي يعطيها مصطلح الانسجام الأساسيّ عند هايدغر. يشكّل كلّ انسجام أساسيّ علاقة معيّنة مع العالم وفيه، ويحدّد النتاج الذي يحقّقه الفنّان الذي يوجد ويبتكر فيه. كما وقد يشكّل انسجامٌ ما نقطة الانتقال والوصل بين انسجامٍ وآخَر، فيسمح للفنّان الذي يأخذه على عاتقه الانتقال النوعيّ إلى فكرٍ وفعلٍ جديدَيْن. يمكنّنا ذلك تناولَ سيزان وكلي من خلال اكتشاف اختلاف تموضعهما في الانسجامات هذه، بشكلٍ يفسّر الفارق بينهما وبالتحديد عدم توجّه سيزان نحو فكرٍ وفنٍّ يتّجهان نحو نتاجٍ تظهر فيه علاقة الفنّان مع الكون. نستخدم ثلاثة انسجامات في شبكة قراءتنا: الضجر/السأم والحداد والكآبة.
يتوصّل البحث، من خلال هذه القراءة المعتمِدة على تنوّع وصف الأعمال الفنّيّة بواسطة تعدّد وتواصل الانسجامات الأساسيّة، إلى اكتشاف سبب بقاء سيزان في البعد الأرضيّ-الجيولوجيّ، على أنّه يعود إلى مكوثه في انسجام الضجَر العميق، بقطبَيه المتصارعَين، أي العدم والجملة، ثمّ دخوله الناقص في انسجام الحداد وتوقّفه عند قطب الحزن فيه. ونكتشف أيضاً سبب توجّه كلي في النهاية إلى الفكر والعمل الفنّيّ الكونيّ، على أنّه يعود إلى تقدّمه على سيزان من خلال مكوثه، ليس فقط في السأم، بل وأيضاً في الحداد بقطبَيه، أي الحزن والبهجة. وقد استطعنا تفسير ذلك على أنّه يعود إلى دخوله في انسجام الكآبة، الذي يقوم عليه الفكر الفلسفيّ، وهو الفكر الكونيّ بامتياز.
تركيب (أكلوني البراغيث) في ضوء النظرية المعجمية الوظيفية.
Authors: الحجوج محمد 
Published: June 2024

تناولت هذه الدراسة التركيب اللغوي (أكلوني البراغيث) في ضوء النظرية المعجمية الوظيفية، ووقفت على الإشكال المتمثل بوجود فاعلين لفعل واحد في هذا التركيب، وبينّت آراء بعض اللغويين القدماء، وبعض الدارسين المحدثين في تفسير هذه الظاهرة اللغوية، غير أنها نحت منحًى مختلفاً في معالجتها عن الدراسات السابقة التي تناولت هذه الظاهرة، مستفيدة من معطيات التراث اللغوي، ومن مبادئ النظرية المعجمية الوظيفية التي طوّرتها الباحثة الأمريكية (بريزنن) عن النظرية التوليدية التحويلية، وتبناها عبدالقادر الفاسي الفهري، في توصيف هذه الظاهرة اللغوية. معتمدة على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، ومستعينة بأفكار المدرسة التوليدية التحويلية.
وتكمن أهمية الدراسة في تفسير هذا التركيب، وربطه بسياقه اللغوي، وحال المتكلم وظروف الخطاب، والكشف عن أثره الدلالي، وبنيته العميقة، ومن ثمّ تبسيط المسألة وتيسيرها على المتعلمين.
واقتصرت الدراسة على هذا التركيب؛ لشهرته، حتى سميت هذه الظاهرة اللغوية باسمه (لغة أكلوني البراغيث)، وكذلك إجماع النحاة على مخالفته النظام اللغوي؛ لأن الشواهد الأخرى التي تمثل هذه الظاهرة اللغوية وقع فيها الخلاف بين اللغويين، فصرفها بعضهم عن هذه الظاهرة؛ لأنهم وجدوا فيها مندوحة، تمثلت بإحالة الضمير على اسم متقدم.
وخلصت هذه الدراسة إلى أن هذه اللاحقة (الواو) ضمير الفاعل، وأن التركيب (أكلوني البراغيث) يمثل جملة كبرى، وفق نموذج ((ف + فا + مف (خ . ق) + م (م . خ ))؛ أي (فعل + فاعل + مفعول) = (خبر مقدم) + (مبتدأ) = (مبتدأ مؤخر)، وينبئ التقديم والتأخير عن انفعال المتكلم وحالته النفسية، فضلًا عن أنه يحمل طاقة دلالية لا نجدها في النمط المألوف المتمثل بـ (أكلتني البراغيث)، أو (البراغيث أكلتني)، أو (البراغيث أكلوني).