bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of boundary layer and pressure lag on unsteady aerodynamics of airfoil based on a simple semi‐empirical dynamic stall engineering model
Authors: Chen Meng , Li Zhiguo , Gao Zhiying , Wang Jianwen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn view of the fact that dynamic stall models in the wind energy industry such as ONERA model, Beddoes–Leishman model, and Snel model are mostly semi‐empirical models, and the determination of empirical time constants has a great influence on the model accuracy. To optimize the time constant in dynamic stall model and improve the prediction accuracy of unsteady aerodynamics, the influence of boundary layer and pressure lag on the unsteady performance of the S809 airfoil under 2D flow conditions is explored using a simple semi‐empirical dynamic stall engineering model. The proposed model consists of four first‐order differential equations accounting for attached flow and dynamic separation flow of trailing edge based on the Theodorsen theory. A validation is carried out by the wind tunnel experiment in the Key Laboratory of Wind and Solar Energy Utilization Technology of the Ministry of Education at Inner Mongolia University of Technology. The main conclusions are as follows. The time constants for lag in pressure and boundary layer both have a great influence on the unsteady lift coefficient. When the mean angle of attack is relatively small and the airflow is between the attached flow and the separated flow, appropriately reducing the time constant can make the prediction results closer to the experimental values. When the mean angle of attack is relatively large and the airflow is in condition of fully separated flow, the time constant value can be appropriately increased. The influence of pressure lag and boundary layer lag on the unsteady drag coefficient is not significant.
Aboriginal Curriculum Enactment: Stirring Teachers into the Practices of Learning from Country in the City
Authors: Thorpe Katrina , Burgess Cathie , Grice Christine 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this chapter, the theory of practice architectures is used to identify and analyse the cultural-discursive, material-economic, and social–political arrangements that enable and/or constrain early career teachers in applying Aboriginal curriculum and pedagogies to their daily teaching practice. These teachers completed Aboriginal community-led ‘Learning from Country’ (LFC) electives at university, and so this chapter details the extent to which they were able to enact this learning when they began teaching in schools. Key findings highlight the critical role of school sites in supporting or dismissing teachers’ efforts. A lack of material resources and time to fully implement LFC was a key concern. Nevertheless, teachers focused on strengths-based learning approaches and developing relationships with Aboriginal communities, creating solidarity between local Aboriginal communities and the teachers. Through enacting LFC, a sense of belonging and connection to place was developed and teachers were empowered through experiencing Aboriginal Knowledges as ‘real’ and valuable. Despite often oppressive, ignorant, and dismissive system-wide practices, teachers demonstrated passion, commitment, and courage through centring Aboriginal voices, Country, and Knowledges in the educational practices of their site. We suggest LFC facilitates Yindyamara Winhanga-nha’—‘the wisdom of respectfully knowing how to live well in a world worth living in’.
Introduction: Drawing the Future into the Present
Authors: Kemmis Stephen , Reimer Kristin Elaine , Mahon Kathleen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis chapter introduces Volume Two of a two-volume series based on the double purpose of education: to help people to live well, and to help create worlds worth living in. Like Volume One, this volume presents stories that have emerged within a ‘listening project’, an international empirical project aimed at understanding different perspectives from various parts of the world, from children to adults, from across diverse communities, on what it means to live well in a world worth living well for all. The project especially pays attention to perspectives that are often marginalised, silenced, or somehow lost in the busyness and noisyness, power struggles, and preoccupations of our contemporary world. The chapter provides background information about the project and a glimpse of what the stories in the contributions in this volume reveal. It also highlights some of the important ways in which the experiences and perspectives shared in the contributions reflect a strong sense of agency, urgency, and hope, both in the face of personal, local, and/or global challenges and in people’s everyday efforts to actually create the futures they imagine.
Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Diabetic Osteopathy: Another Positive Effect of Incretines? A 12 Months Longitudinal Study
Authors: Al Refaie Antonella , Baldassini Leonardo , Mondillo Caterina , Ceccarelli Elena , Tarquini Roberto , Gennari Luigi , Gonnelli Stefano , Caffarelli Carla 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDiabetic osteopathy is a frequent complication in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The association between T2DM and increased fracture risk has led to study the impact of new antidiabetic drugs on bone metabolism. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are incretin mimetic drugs which have many pleiotropic properties. The relationship between GLP-1RAs and bone is very complex: while in vitro and animal studies have demonstrated a protective effect on bone, human studies are scarce. We led a 12 months longitudinal study evaluating bone changes in 65 patients withT2DM for whom a therapy with GLP-1RAs had been planned. Fifty-four T2DM patients completed the 12-month study period; of them, 30 had been treated with weekly dulaglutide and 24 with weekly semaglutide. One-year therapy with GLP-1RAs resulted in a significant reduction in weight and BMI. Bone mineral density (BMD), bone metabolism, trabecular bone score (TBS), adiponectin, and myostatin were evaluated before and after 12 months of GLP-1RAs therapy. After 12 months of therapy bone turnover markers and adiponectin showed a significant increase, while myostatin values showed a modest but significant reduction. BMD-LS by DXA presented a significant reduction while the reduction in BMD-LS by REMS was not significant and TBS values showed a marginal increase. Both DXA and REMS techniques showed a modest but significant reduction in femoral BMD. In conclusion, the use of GLP-1RAs for 12 months preserves bone quality and reactivates bone turnover. Further studies are needed to confirm whether GLP-1RAs could represent a useful therapeutic option for patients with T2DM and osteoporosis.
Diversification of von Willebrand Factor A and Chitin-Binding Domains in Pif/BMSPs Among Mollusks
Authors: Shimizu Keisuke , Negishi Lumi , Kurumizaka Hitoshi , Suzuki Michio 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPif is a shell matrix protein (SMP) identified in the nacreous layer of Pinctada fucata (Pfu) comprised two proteins, Pif97 and Pif 80. Pif97 contains a von Willebrand factor A (VWA) and chitin-binding domains, whereas Pif80 can bind calcium carbonate crystals. The VWA domain is conserved in the SMPs of various mollusk species; however, their phylogenetic relationship remains obscure. Furthermore, although the VWA domain participates in protein–protein interactions, its role in shell formation has not been established. Accordingly, in the current study, we investigate the phylogenetic relationship between PfuPif and other VWA domain-containing proteins in major mollusk species. The shell-related proteins containing VWA domains formed a large clade (the Pif/BMSP family) and were classified into eight subfamilies with unique sequential features, expression patterns, and taxa diversity. Furthermore, a pull-down assay using recombinant proteins containing the VWA domain of PfuPif 97 revealed that the VWA domain interacts with five nacreous layer-related SMPs of P. fucata, including Pif 80 and nacrein. Collectively, these results suggest that the VWA domain is important in the formation of organic complexes and participates in shell mineralisation.
InceptCurves: curve reconstruction using an inception network
Authors: Barzegar Khalilsaraei Saeedeh , Komar Alexander , Zheng Jianmin , Augsdörfer Ursula 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCurve reconstruction is a fundamental task in many visual computing applications. In this paper, a data-driven approach for curve reconstruction is proposed. We present an inception layered deep neural network structure, capable of learning simultaneously the number of control points and their positions in order to reconstruct the curve. To train the network, a large set of general synthetic data is generated. The reconstructed uniform B-spline closely approximates any arbitrary input curve, with or without intersections. Because the network predicts the number of control points required for the B-spline reconstruction, redundancy is reduced in the curve representation. We demonstrate our approach on various examples.
Healthy dietary pattern is associated with lower glycemia independently of the genetic risk of type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study in Finnish men
Authors: Tolonen Ulla , Lankinen Maria , Laakso Markku , Schwab Ursula 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Hyperglycemia is affected by lifestyle and genetic factors. We investigated if dietary patterns associate with glycemia in individuals with high or low genetic risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods
Men (n = 1577, 51–81 years) without T2D from the Metabolic Syndrome in Men (METSIM) cohort filled a food-frequency questionnaire and participated in a 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test. Polygenetic risk score (PRS) including 76 genetic variants was used to stratify participants into low or high T2D risk groups. We established two data-driven dietary patterns, termed healthy and unhealthy, and investigated their association with plasma glucose concentrations and hyperglycemia risk.

Results
Healthy dietary pattern was associated with lower fasting and 2-hour plasma glucose, glucose area under the curve, and better insulin sensitivity (Matsuda insulin sensitivity index) and insulin secretion (disposition index) in unadjusted and adjusted models, whereas the unhealthy pattern was not. No interaction was observed between the patterns and PRS on glycemic measures. Healthy dietary pattern was negatively associated with the risk for hyperglycemia in an adjusted model (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.51–0.95, in the highest tertile), whereas unhealthy pattern was not (OR 1.08, 95% CI 0.79–1.47, in the highest tertile). No interaction was found between diet and PRS on the risk for hyperglycemia (p = 0.69 for healthy diet, p = 0.54 for unhealthy diet).

Conclusion
Our findings suggest that healthy diet is associated with lower glucose concentrations and lower risk for hyperglycemia in men with no interaction with the genetic risk.
Parent experiences of the esophageal atresia journey during the early post-natal period: results from a support group perspective
Authors: de Vos Corné , de Vos Werner , Widemann-Grolig Anke , van Wyk Lizelle , Sidler Daniel , Goussard Pierre 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSurgically repaired esophageal atresia (EA) is associated with chronic esophageal and respiratory morbidity that require ongoing management. The care of chronically ill children can exert considerable stress on parents, thereby potentially affecting their mental well-being. In response to this, disease-specific support groups have emerged with the aim to bring together individuals facing similar challenges, facilitating the exchange of experiences within a nurturing environment, and providing essential emotional support. In the context of this international collaborative study, we investigated the role played by EA-specific support groups in promoting the emotional well-being of EA families. An anonymous online survey was distributed through a network comprising 12 international EA support groups affiliated with the Federation of Esophageal Atresia and Tracheoesophageal Fistula (EAT) during May and August of 2022. In the study, 96 parents from 23 different countries completed the survey. Fifty-six percent indicated a lack of interaction with other EA families during the initial diagnosis, with 91% expressing the belief that such contact would have been beneficial. Participants exhibited a unanimous recognition of the critical role played by disease-specific support groups in navigating the emotional journey associated with EA.Conclusion: The findings of this global survey align with existing literature, reaffirming the beneficial impact of disease-specific support groups tailored for EA patients and their families on their emotional well-being. These groups provide a valuable platform for the exchange of personal experiences and narratives, delivering advantages to both those who share their stories and those who receive this valuable information.

What is Known:

• Parents are exposed to several stressors during the neonatal period.• Emotional well-being of EA families is important.What is New:• EA support groups play a valuable role in the emotional well-being of EA families.• Family-centered care of neonates should also include older siblings of neonates in NICU.
Conducting volcanic ash cloud exercises: practising forecast evaluation procedures and the pull-through of scientific advice to the London VAAC
Authors: Beckett Frances , Barsotti Sara , Burton Ralph , Dioguardi Fabio , Engwell Sam , Hort Matthew , Kristiansen Nina , Loughlin Sue , Muscat Anton , Osborne Martin , Saint Cameron , Stevenson John , Valters Declan , Witham Claire 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe London Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre (VAAC) provides forecasts on the expected presence of volcanic ash in the atmosphere to mitigate the risk to aviation. It is fundamentally important that operational capability is regularly tested through exercises, to guarantee an effective response to an event. We have developed exercises which practise the pull-through of scientific advice into the London VAAC, the forecast evaluation process, and the decision-making procedures and discussions needed for generating the best possible forecasts under real-time conditions. London VAAC dispersion model forecasts are evaluated against observations. To test this capability in an exercise, we must create observation data for a hypothetical event. We have developed new methodologies for generating and using simulated satellite and lidar retrievals. These simulated observations enable us to practise our ability to interpret, compare, and evaluate model output and observation data under real-time conditions. Forecast evaluation can benefit from an understanding of how different choices of model setup (input parameters), model physics, and driving meteorological data impact the predicted extent and concentration of ash. Through our exercises, we have practised comparing output from model simulations generated using different models, model setups, and meteorological data, supplied by different institutions. Our exercises also practise the communication and interaction between Met Office (UK) scientists supporting the London VAAC and external experts, enabling knowledge exchange and discussions on the interpretation of model output and observations, as we strive to deliver the best response capability for the aviation industry and stakeholders. In this paper, we outline our exercise methodology, including the use of simulated satellite and lidar observations, and the development of the strategy to compare output generated from different modelling systems. We outline the lessons learnt, including the benefits and challenges of conducting exercises which practise our ability to provide scientific advice for an operational response at the London VAAC.
Major cardiovascular events in long-term multiple myeloma survivors: a Korean case–control study (the CAREMM-2105 study)
Authors: Ha Jeonghoon , Choi Suein , Moon Seulji , Han Jinseon , Lee Jeongyoon , Baek Ki-Hyun , Han Seunghoon , Park Sung-Soo , Min Chang-Ki 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Despite improvements in multiple myeloma (MM) survival rates, data on cardiovascular outcomes in long-term survivors remain lacking.

Methods
This retrospective case–control study utilized the Korean National Health Insurance Service database (2009–2020) to compare the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) between patients with MM and a matched control group, focusing on long-term (> 5 years) survivors. A preliminary case cohort (n = 15,402 patients with MM) and a matched control cohort (n = 123,216 patients without MM) were established based on birth year and sex. Following 1:1 propensity score matching, the final matched cohorts each comprised 15,402 participants.

Results
The case and control cohorts were comparable in mean age (66.2 ± 11.5 years vs. 66.1 ± 11.3 years), sex, age distribution, and comorbidities. By the 8-year follow-up, the cumulative incidence of CV events (12.5% vs. 22.1%) and CVD risk were significantly lower in the case cohort. The 5-year landmark analysis revealed significant differences in CVD incidence between the cohorts (7.8% [case cohort] vs. 9.8% [control cohort]), with variations across age groups and sex, highlighting a significantly higher CVD risk among patients aged < 50 years in the case cohort (P < 0.001).

Conclusions
These findings underscore the need for vigilant CVD monitoring in MM long-term survivors, particularly those aged < 50 years at first diagnosis.

Implication for Cancer Survivors
This study highlights the importance of integrating cardiovascular monitoring and risk management into long-term care for MM survivors, with a focus on younger patients and personalized interventions.
Nanoprecipitation to produce hydrophobic cellulose nanospheres for water-in-oil Pickering emulsions
Authors: Tiban Anrango Bryan Andres , Naiya Mohinder Maheshbhai , Van Dongen Josh , Matich Olivia , Whitby Catherine P. , Chen Jack L.-Y. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn recent years, there has been growing interest in replacing petroleum-based water-in-oil (W/O) emulsifiers with sustainable and less toxic natural materials. Pickering emulsifiers are considered well-suited candidates due to their high interfacial activity and the ability to form emulsions with long-term stability. However, only sporadic examples of natural materials have been considered as inverse Pickering emulsifiers. This study describes the synthesis of a series of hydrophobic cellulose nanospheres by bulk modification with acyl groups of different chain lengths followed by nanoprecipitation, and their application as inverse emulsifiers. Modification with acyl groups of longer chain length (C16, C18) afforded lower degrees of substitution, but resulted in greater thermal stability than groups with shorter acyl chains (C12, C14). Formation of nanospheres with low aspect ratios and narrow size distributions required low initial cellulose concentrations (< 1% w/v), high volumetric ratios of antisolvent to solvent (> 10:1), and slow addition rates (< 20 mL/h). The modified cellulose nanospheres were able to reduce the interfacial tension between water and hexane from 45.8 mN/m to 31.1 mN/m, with an effect that increased with the number of carbons in the added acyl chains. The stearate-modified nanospheres exhibited superhydrophobic behavior, showing a contact angle of 156° ± 4° with water, and demonstrated emulsification performance comparable to the commonly used molecular surfactant sorbitan stearate. Our findings suggest that hydrophobically modified cellulose nanospheres have the potential to be a bio-derived alternative to traditional molecular W/O emulsifiers.
Graphical Abstract
Psychological Flexibility Profiles and Mental Health Among University Students with Left-Behind Experience: A Latent Profile Analysis
Authors: Ning Meng , Chen Qirong , Li Yamin , Huang Chongmei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe left-behind experience as an adverse childhood experience has a negative impact on the mental health of university students. Psychological inflexibility mediated the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and mental disorders, but no similar findings were drawn in psychological flexibility (PF). More research is needed to understand the relationship between PF and mental health of university students with left-behind experience. To investigate the relationship between PF profiles and mental health and sleep quality of university students with left-behind experience based on latent profile analysis. A sample of 1988 Chinese university students with left-behind experience were recruited to complete an online survey. Participants provided demographic information and completed validated measures of PF and mental health. Latent profile analysis was used to identify patterns of PF, and logistic regression analysis was used to examine the relationships among these variables. We found four PF profiles among participants, with the largest number being the moderately flexible profile (n = 808, 40.6%). The level of PF was positively correlated with mental health and sleep quality (all P < 0.001). Females, being left behind at a young age and for a long time, and having little contact with parents were associated with low PF (all P < 0.05). Our study highlights the importance of focusing on the PF of university students with left-behind experience and left-behind children, and the need for interventions to improve their PF and thus their mental health.
Examining S-T-E-M Teachers’ Design of Integrated STEM Lesson Plans
Authors: Nipyrakis Argyris , Stavrou Dimitris , Avraamidou Lucy 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Reform efforts in different parts of the world call for the adoption of integrated approaches to STEM education. However, little is known about how teachers work, as members of learning communities, to design STEM teaching material such as lesson plans. To address this gap in the literature, we examined the design of STEM lesson plans by in-service secondary teachers (n = 26) from all S-T-E-M disciplinary backgrounds who participated as members of a learning community in the context of a 7-month professional development program comprised of 13 small-group sessions. STEM lesson plans were analysed based on the key characteristics of a conceptual framework of integrated STEM, and the teachers’ identified interdisciplinary elements were analysed through the boundary objects framework. The qualitative content analysis produced four main findings: (a) divergencies take place at the disciplinary level when teachers design STEM lesson plans; (b) teachers coming from different disciplines have different positioning regarding specific integrated STEM key characteristics; (c) the type and sequence of instructional activities served as a boundary-design practice; (d) the nature of the boundary objects that teachers identify in order to teach integrated STEM differs according to the discipline. The findings of the study shed light on teachers’ understanding and needs at the disciplinary level and call for specially designed STEM professional development programmes that provide explicit opportunities for disciplinary boundary crossings.