bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression of GD2 and GD3 in peripheral neuroblastic tumors
Authors: Wei Xia , Li Shaomei , Wang Yizhen 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to explore the correlation between the expression of GD2 and GD3 and the histopathological types, risk groups, and chemotherapy in peripheral neuroblastic tumors (pNTs) and provide a theoretical basis for the selection of immunotargeted therapy for pNTs.

Materials and Methods:
The expression of GD2 and GD3 in samples of pNTs in all 87 cases, including 39 neuroblastomas (NB), 13 ganglion neuroblastomas nodular (GNBn), 19 ganglion neuroblastomas intermixed (GNBi), 16 ganglioneuroma (GN), and 16 paired NB after chemotherapy, were detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). SPSS 20.0 statistical software was used for statistical analysis, and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Result:
The expression of GD2 was higher than that of GD3 (P < 0.001) in all samples. In NB and GNBn, the expression of GD2 was higher than that of GD3 (P < 0.001 and P = 0.02, respectively). The expression of GD2 in NB was higher than that in GNBn (P = 0.015), and GNBn was higher than GNBi (P < 0.001). The expression of GD2 in the high-risk group was significantly higher than that in the medium-risk group and low-risk group (P = 0.019). The expression of GD2 before chemotherapy was higher than that after chemotherapy (P = 0.022). GD2 was expressed in different degrees in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes.

Conclusion:
GD2 may be better than GD3 as a target of immunotherapy for pNTs, especially in the same pathological type. NB and GNBn may be more suitable for anti-GD2 immunotherapy. The expression of GD2 on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes may be related to the side effects of anti-GD2 immunotherapy.
Mapping the Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Trauma Research via Scientometric Analysis
Authors: Wang Chun , Zhang Mengzhou , Zhao Dong 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Medical progress has often been hindered by the inherent limitations of human ability to process large volumes of data. The application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) can help overcome this constraint, particularly in the field of trauma.

Purpose and Objectives:
This study aims to analyze the application of artificial intelligence in the field of trauma through visualization tools, predict future research hotspots, and explore the potential applications of related technologies in the field of trauma, especially traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Materials and Methods:
Based on the Web of Science database, this study utilized visualization tools such as CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and SciMAT to create a knowledge map of AI applications in trauma from 1979 to 2022.

Results:
The analysis indicates that traumatic brain injury (TBI) will be a focal point for future research on the use of AI in trauma. Additionally, terms related to machine learning, including Artificial Neural Network and Convolutional Neural Network, are expected to be extensively employed in trauma detection and prediction. These targeted algorithms hold significant potential for groundbreaking applications in TBI.

Conclusion:
Artificial intelligence, especially machine learning techniques, will play a crucial role in the research and application of trauma, particularly TBI. In the future, these technologies are expected to provide new methods and perspectives for TBI detection, prediction, and treatment.
Post-mortem Interval of Buried Carcasses in a Tropical Rainforest Vegetation of Nigeria
Authors: Onyejike Darlington Nnamdi , Esomonu Ugochukwu Godfrey , Fischer Victor Adolf , Onyejike Ifeoma Miracle 
Published: June 2024

Background:Most of the murder victims in Nigeria are concealed in shallow graves or clandestine paths or bushes. Knowledge of post-mortem interval (PMI) of buried carcasses is useful in estimating time since death for buried homicide scenarios. The PMI of buried remains is different from that of remains on the soil surface.Aims and Objectives:The study aimed at investigating the PMI of buried remains in a tropical rainforest vegetation of Nigeria using matured domestic pigs as human analogs.Materials and Methods:Four animals were used for this study. Animals were sacrificed and buried in one-foot-depth graves. A flat wood was placed on top of the animals before it was covered with sand so that the visible changes can be monitored during the study period. The study was carried out during the rainy and dry seasons. Soil analysis was carried out to ensure that there was no chemical substance inhibiting decomposition.Results:Animals did not completely skeletonize within the study period (168 days). However, four stages of decomposition were identified within the study period – Fresh, bloat, active decay, and advanced decay stages.Conclusions:The PMI was influenced by fungi activities and rain infusion. On the last day of the study, the decomposition was at the advanced decay stage and only few bones of the head, neck, trunk, and limbs were visible with greyish discoloration of the skin and other visceral structures. The visible post-mortem changes of the buried carrions noted in this study may be used to estimate the time of death of buried humans in a tropical rainforest vegetation of Nigeria.
Artificial Intelligence in the repurposing of potential herbs for filariasis therapy
Authors: Wiwanitmkit Somsri , Wiwanitkit Viroj 
Published: June 2024

Background & objectives:
The goal of this study was to see how well an AI language model called Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT) assisted healthcare personnel in selecting relevant medications for filariasis therapy. A team of medical specialists and tropical medicine experts reviewed ChatGPT recommendations for ten hypothetical filariasis clinical situations. The purpose of this study was to look at the effectiveness of an AI language model ChatGPT in supporting healthcare providers in picking appropriate drugs for filariasis treatment.

Methods:
Ten hypothetical filariasis clinical cases were submitted to ChatGPT and its recommendations were evaluated by a panel of medical professionals and tropical medicine experts.

Results:
ChatGPT gave appropriate suggestions for potential medication repurposing in filariasis treatment in all ten clinical scenarios. Its drug recommendations were in line with current medical research and literature. Despite the lack of particular treatment regimens, ChatGPT’s general ideas proved useful for healthcare practitioners, providing insights and updates on prospective drug repurposing tactics.

Interpretation & conclusion:
ChatGPT shows promise as a useful method for repurposing drugs in the treatment of filariasis. Its thorough and brief responses make it useful for finding possible pharmacological candidates. However, it is critical to recognize limitations of ChatGPT, such as requirement for additional clinical information and the inability to change therapy. Further research and development is required to optimize its use in filariasis therapy settings.
In silico screening of potential plant peptides against the non-structural proteins of dengue virus
Authors: Reena G , Ranjani R , Goutham D , Sangeetha K 
Published: June 2024

Background & objectives:
Peptides isolated from different sources of plants have the advantages of specificity, lower toxicity, and increased therapeutic effects; hence, it is necessary to search for newer antivirals from plant sources for the treatment of dengue viral infections.

Methods:

In silico screening of selected plant peptides against the non-structural protein 1, NS3 protease domain (NS2B-NS3Pro) with the cofactor and ATPase/helicase domain (NS3 helicase domain/NS3hel) of dengue virus was performed. The physicochemical characteristics of the peptides were calculated using Protparam tools, and the allergenicity and toxicity profiles were assessed using allergenFP and ToxinPred, respectively.

Results:
Among the tested compounds, Ginkbilobin demonstrated higher binding energy against three tested nonstructural protein targets. Kalata B8 demonstrated maximum binding energy against NSP-1 and NSP-2, whereas Circulin A acted against the NSP3 protein of dengue virus.

Interpretation & conclusion:
The three compounds identified by in silico screening can be tested in vitro, which could act as potential leads as they are involved in hampering the replication of the dengue virus by interacting with the three prime non-structural proteins.
Detection of Plasmodium knowlesi in whole blood samples with sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using rhoptry-associated protein 1 specific polyclonal antibodies
Authors: Wan Nazri Wan Siti Maryam , Ling Lau Yee , Wen Cheong Fei 
Published: June 2024

Background & objectives:

Plasmodium knowlesi, a simian malaria species, is now known to infect humans. Due to disadvantages in the current diagnosis methods, many efforts have been placed into developing new methods to diagnose the disease. This study assessed the ability of the PkRAP-1 sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) to detect P knowlesi antigens in whole blood specimens.

Methods:
Western blot assay was conducted to evaluate the ability of raised mouse and rabbit anti-PkRAP-1 polyclonal antibodies to bind to the native proteins in P. knowlesi lysate. The polyclonal antibodies were then used in sandwich ELISA to detect P. knowlesi. In the sandwich ELISA, mouse and rabbit polyclonal antibodies were used as the capture and detection antibodies, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) of the assay was determined using P. knowlesi A1H1 culture and purified recombinant PkRAP-1.

Results:
Western blot results showed positive reactions towards the proteins in P. knowlesi lysate. The LOD of the assay from three technical replicates was 0.068% parasitaemia. The assay performance in detecting P. knowlesi was 83% sensitivity and 70% specificity with positive and negative predictive values of 74% and 80%, respectively. The anti-PkRAP-1 polyclonal antibodies did not cross-react with P. falciparum and healthy samples, but P. vivax by detecting all 12 samples.

Interpretation & conclusion:
PkRAP-1 has the potential as a biomarker for the development of a new diagnostic tool for P. knowlesi detection. Further studies need to be conducted to establish the full potential of the usage of anti-PkRAP-1 antibodies for P. knowlesi detection.
The expression of the miR-193, miR-122 and miR-155 profiling and evaluation the serum lipid in antimony-susceptible and resistance patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis
Authors: Rahvar Farzaneh , Jouni Fatemeh Javani , Abdollahi Abbas , Samei Azam , Moslemi Masoumeh , Vazini Hossein 
Published: June 2024

Background & objectives:
The current investigation was carried out to evaluate the expression of MicroRNAs miR-193, miR-122 and miR-155 and lipid profile in antimony-susceptible and resistance patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Methods:
Lesion and blood samples were collected from 27 antimony-resistance and 27 antimony-susceptible patients. mRNA was extracted and synthase to the cDNA using commercial kits according to the manufacturers’ guideline. The expression of miR-193, miR-122 and miR-155 were evaluated using Real-Time PCR technique. The serum lipid profiles were measured by enzymatic methods.

Results:
Our results indicated that the expression of miR-193, miR-122 and miR-155 was significantly higher in antimony-susceptible patients. The results of current study indicated that downregulation of miRNAs is coupled with low serum LDL-C and triglyceride.

Interpretation & conclusion:
The downregulation of miRNAs and decrease in lipid levels may be one of the mechanisms of the parasite to escape from host immune system.
Frequency and Determinants of Depression in Hypothyroidism Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Ahmed Samraa M. , Alzubide Abdulaziz Adel , Alhozali Amani M. , Mal Turky W. , Fakeeh Amro S. , Aldurayhim Ibrahim M. , Alghamdi Abdulaziz K. , Alzahrani Nabil A. 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Several studies have reported a strong association between depression and hypothyroidism, including from several regions of Saudi Arabia. However, studies on the frequency of depression among patients with hypothyroidism from the Western region of Saudi Arabia is limited.

Objectives:
To determine the frequency and risk factors of depression among patients with hypothyroidism in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, and included adult patients diagnosed with hypothyroidism. After contacting the patients through phone calls and obtaining their consent, a questionnaire weblink was sent. The first part of the questionnaire elicited details regarding demographics and history of hypothyroidism, while the second part comprised the Arabic version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 to evaluate depression.

Results:
A total of 100 patients completed the survey, of which 80% were found to have depression (mild: 35%, moderate: 26%, moderate to severe: 12, severe: 7%). There was no significant association between depression and gender, age group, employment status, and marital status. In the bivariate analysis, a significant association was found between depression and reporting fatigue (P < 0.001), constipation (P < 0.001), hair loss (P = 0.002), cold intolerance (P = 0.014), dry skin (P = 0.028), memory problems (P = 0.029), and menorrhagia (P = 0.037). However, in the multivariate analysis, only reporting fatigue was found to be significantly associated with depression (P = 0.040; OR = 15.215).

Conclusion:
This study found that the prevalence of depression was very high among patients with hypothyroidism in the Western region of Saudi Arabia, and that fatigue is an independent risk factor of depression.
Peritoneal Distraction Technique to Reduce Symptomatic Lymphoceles after Retzius-Sparing Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy
Authors: Mathew Jeni Elizabeth , Sodhi Bikramjit Singh , Kaddu Deepak , Boppanna Venkata Bhargava , Ramaprasad M. K. , Prabhakaran Sandeep , Kishore Thekke Adiyat 
Published: June 2024

Background:
In Retzius-sparing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP), lymphocele formation is a troublesome complication. The use of peritoneal flaps has emerged as a promising novel technique to tackle this complication. We explored this technique by suturing both the medial peritoneal flaps to each other and keeping them distracted so that the lymphadenectomy beds are left wide open.

Objective:
To assess the efficacy of our peritoneal distraction technique on lymphocele rates following Retzius-sparing RARP.

Materials and Methods:
This retrospective study included patients with localized prostate carcinoma who underwent Retzius-sparing RARP with standard pelvic lymph node dissection between May 2014 and September 2022 at Aster Medcity, Kochi, India. Based on the use of the technique, patients were divided into two groups: peritoneal distraction and closed groups. Both groups were matched using the propensity scoring method in a 1:1 ratio.

Results:
A total of 272 patients were included, of which 89 (32.7%) belonged to the peritoneal distraction group. Although the overall incidence of lymphocele between the two groups were comparable, none of the patients in the peritoneal distraction group required any intervention for lymphocele management, as opposed to 7 patients from the closed group (3.9%; P = 0.015). No significant association was found between lymphocele formation and serum prostate-specific antigen level, Gleason score, and the number of lymph nodes harvested.

Conclusions:
This study found that peritoneal distraction stitch is a simple and effective technique to reduce the incidence of symptomatic lymphocele that require intervention after Retzius-sparing RARP.
Reductive covers of klt varieties
Authors: Braun Lukas , Moraga Joaquín 
Published: June 2024

In this article, we study

G

-covers of klt varieties, where

G

is a reductive group. First, we exhibit an example of a klt singularity admitting a

\mathbb{P}{\mathrm{GL}}_{n}(\mathbb{K})

-cover that is not of klt type. Then, we restrict ourselves to

G

-quasi-torsors, a special class of

G

-covers that behave like

G

-torsors outside closed subsets of codimension two. Given a

G

-quasi-torsor

X\rightarrow Y

, where

G

is a finite extension of a torus

\mathbb{T}

, we show that

X

is of klt type if and only if

Y

is of klt type. We prove a structural theorem for

\mathbb{T}

-quasi-torsors over normal varieties in terms of Cox rings. As an application, we show that every sequence of

\mathbb{T}

-quasi-torsors over a variety with klt type singularities is eventually a sequence of

\mathbb{T}

-torsors. This is the torus version of a result due to Greb–Kebekus–Peternell regarding finite quasi-torsors of varieties with klt type singularities. On the contrary, we show that in any dimension there exists a sequence of finite quasi-torsors and

\mathbb{T}

-quasi-torsors over a klt type variety, such that infinitely many of them are not torsors. We show that every variety with klt type singularities is a quotient of a variety with canonical factorial singularities. We prove that a variety with Zariski locally toric singularities is indeed the quotient of a smooth variety by a solvable group. Finally, motivated by the work of Stibitz, we study the optimal class of singularities for which the previous results hold.
EVALUASI EFEKTIFITAS PENGATURAN SINYAL PADA SIMPANG 5 BALAPAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KINERJA SIMPANG DENGAN PENDEKATAN PKJI 2023 DAN VISSIM
Authors: Hidayat Dwi Wahyu , Atmajaya Aswin Badarudin , Suartawan Putu Eka Suartawan , Bawa Kadek Arta 
Published: June 2024

Simpang 5 Balapan merupakan simpang yang terletak di Kota Surakarta. Berdasarkan analisis Tim PKL Kota Surakarta, Simpang 5 Balapan memiliki kinerja yang kurang optimal, dimana memiliki derajat kejenuhan tertinggi pada pendekat timurnya mencapai 0,99, panjang antrian 168 m serta tundaan sebesar 165,94 det/smp. Sehingga tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi kinerja simpang serta melakukan optimalisasi agar lebih baik kinerjanya dengan metode pendekatan PKJI 2023 dan Vissim. Pendekatan PKJI 2023 digunakan untuk mencari indikator kinerja derajat kejenuhan, panjang antrian, serta tundaan. Sedangkan untuk Vissim digunakan untuk mencari panjang antrian dan tundaannya, serta mendapatkan hasil simulasinya. Kedua pendekatan ini digunakan untuk melihat perbedaan hasil kinerja rencana perbaikan yg diusulkan. Hasil dari penelitian didapatkan kinerja eksisting pada pukul 05.00-10.00 (plan 1), 10.00-14.00 (plan 2), dan pada pukul 14.00-19.30 (plan 3) memiliki kinerja yang belum optimal karena memiliki derajat kejenuhan yang melebihi 0,85 sehingga perlu dilakukan evaluasi. Adapun hasil setelah dilakukan evaluasi dengan PKJI 2023 maupun Vissim yaitu pada plan 1, plan 2, dan plan 3 peningkatan kinerja terbaik dilakukan dengan pengaturan ulang waktu siklus. Peningkatan kinerja terbukti dari menurunnya panjang antrian dan tundaannya.
Design and Implementation of Discrete Field Arithmetic-Based Cylindrical Coil-Driven Crypto Framework for Cloud Data
Authors: Sasi Smitha , Subbu Srividya Bharadwaj Venkata , Manoharan Premkumar , Vijayakumar Kulkarni Anju , Abualigah Laith 
Published: June 2024

The ability to interpret and create code is known as cryptography and has been used to exchange information between peer parties securely. An encryption algorithm is a type of network security model that consists of designing and putting into practice cryptographic algorithms and the supporting framework to help secure data. This cryptosystem is intended for use with cloud data. Cloud security, usually called cloud computing security, is the technique of securing infrastructure, applications, and data stored in the cloud from cyber threats and attacks. This study proposes a new encryption method based on the (x; y) points generated by circles to protect data in the cloud. Using a map table, a new mapping technique is shown in this study to transfer a plain text value to a point on a predetermined circle over the finite field GF (pm). This mapping technique produces a high dispersion of various spots for recurrent intensity values while being highly quick, simple to use, and with low entropy for plain text input. The implementation of the encryption and decryption processes is extensively studied and analyzed. Security analysis is done after encryption is implemented to determine how resilient the suggested technique is against statistical threats. The results shown in this study prove the superiority of the proposed algorithm.

Received: 12 March 2024 | Revised: 24 May 2024 | Accepted: 31 May 2024

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement
Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.

Author Contribution Statement
Smitha Sasi: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Validation, Investigation, Data curation, Writing – original draft, Visualization. Srividya Bharadwaj Venkata Subbu: Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Investigation, Data curation, Writing – original draft, Visualization. Premkumar Manoharan: Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Resources, Writing – review & editing, Visualization, Supervision, Project administration. Anju Vijayakumar Kulkarni: Formal analysis, Resources, Writing – review & editing, Supervision. Laith Abualigah: Formal analysis, Resources, Writing – review & editing.
ADME, Molecular Targets, Docking, and Dynamic Simulation Studies of Phytoconstituents of Cymbopogon citratus (DC.)
Authors: Ajayi Iseoluwa Isaac , Fatoki Toluwase Hezekiah , Alonge Ayodele Sunday , Saliu Ibrahim Olabayode , Odesanmi Olalekan Elijah , Akinyelu Jude , Oke Oluwaferanmi Excel 
Published: June 2024

Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf. is utilized in both culinary and medicinal contexts, wherein its extracts demonstrate a range of therapeutic properties, including antidiabetic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. This investigation aimed to computationally analyze phytochemicals of C. citratus, evaluating their pharmacokinetics and binding dynamics. The findings revealed a combination of high and low gastrointestinal absorption (GIA) for C. citratus (DC.) phytochemicals, with some exhibiting permeability across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase (XDH) emerged as the primary human molecular target of C. citratus phytocompounds, while XDH and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) have central connectivity in the protein interaction network. Orientin has best binding affinity with XDH (−9.083 kcal.mol−1) and MMP9 (−9.051 kcal.mol−1). Molecular dynamic simulations indicated the favorable stability and interactions of XDH with orientin and quercetin, respectively. In summary, this investigation underscores the potential of twenty-six (26) phytochemicals in C. citratus extract to combat cancer and neurodegenerative diseases through mechanisms targeting XDH and MMP9.

Received: 27 February 2024 | Revised: 31 May 2024 | Accepted: 14 June 2024

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement
The SwissADME data that support the findings of this study are openly available at www.swissadme.ch, reference number [11]. The SEA Search data that support the findings of this study are openly available at www.sea.bkslab.org, reference number [12]. The STRING data that support the findings of this study are openly available at https://string-db.org, reference number [13]. The eXpression2Kinases data that support the findings of this study are openly available at https://maayanlab.cloud/X2K/, reference number [14]. The UniProt data that support the findings of this study are openly available at www.uniprot.org.