bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Platelet quality measured with dynamic light scattering correlates with transfusion outcome in hematologic malignancies
Authors: Maurer‐Spurej Elisabeth , Labrie Audrey , Pittendreigh Cheryl , Chipperfield Kate , Smith Clayton , Heddle Nancy , Liu Yang , Yi Qi‐Long , Barnett Michael 
Published: October 2009

BACKGROUND: A clinically meaningful test for platelet (PLT) quality could improve the transfusion management of patients. The aim of this pilot study was to determine whether a new measure of PLT quality and function based on dynamic light scattering (DLS) correlates with transfusion outcome.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: For a total of 160 transfusions, the pretransfusion, 1 hour posttransfusion, and 24‐hour posttransfusion PLT counts were routinely measured in 49 patients (31 male, 18 female; age 46 ± 15 years) with hematologic malignancies. The corrected count increments (CCIs) at 1 hour (PLT recovery) and 24 hours (PLT survival) were calculated and used as the transfusion outcome measures. The ThromboLUX score (LightIntegra Technology, Inc., Vancouver, BC, Canada; range, 0‐40; cutoff, 12) and the PLT morphology score of the PLT concentrates were determined and compared to transfusion outcome.RESULTS: The CCIs and ThromboLUX scores were normally distributed and showed a strong correlation (n = 96, in the mixed regression model the adjusted coefficient is R = 0.6292, p < 0.0001), while other variables such as product type, age, and microscopic PLT morphology score were not correlated with transfusion outcome (p > 0.05). Importantly, 12 of 96 transfusions with poor PLT quality were clinically ineffective, that is, did not adequately increase the PLT counts in the recipients. One patient died after receiving three consecutive ineffective PLT transfusions with a low ThromboLUX score.CONCLUSION: In this pilot study, the ThromboLUX score strongly correlated with transfusion outcome (PLT recovery and survival) independent of clinical and product issues.
Effect of topical application and intraperitoneal injection of oregonin on atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice
Authors: Choi Sun Eun , Jeong Mi Sook , Kang Myung Joo , Lee Do Ik , Joo Seong Soo , Lee Chung Soo , Bang Hyoweon , Lee Mi‐Kyung , Myung Soon‐Chul , Choi Young Wook , Lee Kap‐sok , Seo Seong Jun , Lee Min Won 
Published: October 2009

Please cite this paper as: Effect of topical application and intraperitoneal injection of oregonin on atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice. Experimental Dermatology 2010; 19: e37–e43.Abstract:  The diarylheptanoid, oregonin (ORE), which was isolated from the bark of Alnus japonica Steudel that grows natively in Korea, has been known to exert antioxidative, anti‐inflammatory, anti‐cancer and immune response inhibitory effects. The antioxidative effect of ORE was observed on the superoxide and 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl radical, as well as on the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase‐2 in lipopolysaccharide‐treated RAW264.7 macrophages. The statistically significant inhibitory action of ORE against production of cytokines induced by bacterial products or by interleukin (IL)‐1β, free radicals and nitrogen species, and a corresponding increase in cellular calcium concentration because of ORE were confirmed in bone marrow and spleen dendritic cells that are known to play important functions in the development and advancement of atopic dermatitis (AD). It was thus expected that ORE would exert a beneficial effect in the treatment of AD. A study on the pharmaceutical benefits of ORE against AD has not yet been conducted in vivo. We therefore used an in vivo AD animal model, namely the NC/Nga mice, and by applying ORE onto the animals through skin application as well as intraperitoneal injection, we attempted to evaluate the benefits of ORE in this system. Evaluation of ORE was conducted by following the SCORE method to score the effect, as well as by measuring the Th2 cytokines IL‐4, IL‐5 and IL‐13 levels from serum and lymphocytes, and IgE and eosinophil levels from serum. Additionally, the expression of mRNA and protein levels was estimated using real‐time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting analysis. The following categories of clinical evaluation, Th2 cytokines IL‐4, IL‐5 and IL‐13 values, serum IgE levels, serum eosinophil levels, and mRNA and protein expression levels of iNOS and COX‐2, were evaluated from topical application and intraperitoneal injection groups of ORE. The effects of ORE on AD in NC/Nga mice were confirmed as being similar to the positive control group, while a significant difference with the negative control group was observed. The results presented in this report suggest that ORE might be beneficial in the treatment of AD.
Mouse models for melanoma: a personal perspective
Authors: Becker Jürgen C. , Houben Roland , Schrama David , Voigt Heike , Ugurel Selma , Reisfeld Ralph A. 
Published: October 2009

Please cite this paper as:Mouse models for melanoma: a personal perspective. Experimental Dermatology 2010; 19: 157–164.Abstract: Complex biological processes often requirein vivoanalysis, and many important research advances have been made using mice as a model for the study of various biological systems. Cutaneous melanomas are tumors originating from skin melanocytes, which are present in hair follicles, and interfollicular epidermal and dermal layers. Until recently, mouse melanoma models were largely based on transplantation models, i.e. transplantation of either syngeneic or xenogeneic melanoma cells into wild type or genetically modified animals. More recently, however, the use of novel technologies specifically modifying the genome allows for the generation of mouse strains, which may develop spontaneous melanoma. Nevertheless, it should be kept in mind that animal models provide only an approximation of reality in humans. In this review, we will discuss a representative selection of currently available transplantation and transgenic melanoma models; despite the fact that this selection will be biased by personal experience, we are confident to demonstrate how the use of mouse melanoma models facilitates translational research in several biomedical disciplines.
Influence of narrowband UVB phototherapy on vitamin D and folate status
Authors: Cicarma Emanuela , Mørk Cato , Porojnicu Alina Carmen , Juzeniene Asta , Tam Tran Thi Thu , Dahlback Arne , Moan Johan 
Published: October 2009

Please cite this paper as: Influence of narrowband UVB phototherapy on vitamin D and folate status. Experimental Dermatology 2010; 19: e67–e72.AbstractBackground:  A variety of studies have shown beneficial effects of different types of phototherapy in skin disorders. Such therapy leads to enhanced cutaneous vitamin D synthesis, which may be one of the mechanisms of action. Furthermore, another nutrient, folate, can probably also be influenced by UV radiation.Objective:  The aim of our study was to investigate the influence of low‐dose narrowband UVB (nUVB) phototherapy of patients with psoriasis, atopic eczema and other skin disorders on serum levels of 25(OH) vitamin D (the serum marker for vitamin D status) and on serum and erythrocyte‐folate.Methods:  25(OH) vitamin D (25(OH)D), serum and erythrocyte‐folate levels were measured before and after low‐dose nUVB (TL‐01 tubes) phototherapy of these patients. The spectrum of the TL‐01 tube was compared with the solar spectrum, and the efficiency spectra of vitamin D photosynthesis were calculated.Results:  For patients with a high initial 25(OH)D serum level (> 80 nmol/l), no significant (P = 0.36) increase in 25(OH)D levels was seen, in contrast to patients with a low initial level (< 80 nmol/l) where a significant increase (P < 0.001) was observed. The increase was 30–60%, depending on the UVB dose (2.35–13.4 J/cm2). No significant nUVB‐effect was found on the erythrocyte and serum‐folate level.Conclusion:  Low‐dose nUVB treatment gives a significant increase (P < 0.001) of the vitamin D status in persons with low initial levels of 25(OH)D, but no effect on the folate level.
Upregulation of cathepsin S in psoriatic keratinocytes
Authors: Schönefuß Alexander , Wendt Wiebke , Schattling Benjamin , Schulten Roxane , Hoffmann Klaus , Stuecker Markus , Tigges Christian , Lübbert Hermann , Stichel Christine 
Published: October 2009

Please cite this paper as: Upregulation of cathepsin S in psoriatic keratinocytes. Experimental Dermatology 2010; 19: e80–e88.Abstract:  Cathepsin S (CATS) is a cysteine protease, well known for its role in MHC class II‐mediated antigen presentation and extracellular matrix degradation. Disturbance of the expression or metabolism of this protease is a concomitant feature of several diseases. Given this importance we studied the localization and regulation of CATS expression in normal and pathological human/mouse skin. In normal human skin CATS‐immunostaining is mainly present in the dermis and is localized in macrophages, Langerhans, T‐ and endothelial cells, but absent in keratinocytes. In all analyzed pathological skin biopsies, i.e. atopic dermatitis, actinic keratosis and psoriasis, CATS staining is strongly increased in the dermis. But only in psoriasis, CATS‐immunostaining is also detectable in keratinocytes. We show that cocultivation with T‐cells as well as treatment with cytokines can trigger expression and secretion of CATS, which is involved in MHC II processing in keratinocytes. Our data provide first evidence that CATS expression (i) is selectively induced in psoriatic keratinocytes, (ii) is triggered by T‐cells and (iii) might be involved in keratinocytic MHC class II expression, the processing of the MHC class II‐associated invariant chain and remodeling of the extracellular matrix. This paper expands our knowledge on the important role of keratinocytes in dermatological disease.
Physical activity levels and estimated energy expenditure in overweight and normal‐weight 11‐year‐old children
Authors: Soric M , Misigoj‐Durakovic M 
Published: October 2009

AbstractAim:  To objectively evaluate physical activity and energy expenditure in overweight and normal‐weight 11‐year‐old children.Methods:  The final sample consisted of 91 children (32 overweight and 59 normal‐weight children), mean age (SD) = 11.3 (0.2) years. Energy expenditure and physical activity were assessed during two weekdays and two weekend days using a multiple‐sensor body monitor (SenseWear Armband; BodyMedia Inc., Pittsburgh, PA, USA).Results:  Time spent in physical activity was higher in normal‐weight compared with overweight children (p = 0.002). The highest level of physical activity was noted in normal‐weight boys [mean (SD) = 258 (114) min/day] and the lowest in overweight girls [mean (SD) = 136 (59) min/day] (p = 0.002). In contrast, energy expended during physical activity did not differ between normal‐weight and overweight children (2.6 and 2.7 MJ/day, respectively, p = 0.89). The average decrease in physical activity at weekends was 39 min in overweight children (from 166 to 127 min/day) and 27 min in their normal‐weight counterparts (from 230 to 203 min/day).Conclusion:  Overweight children engaged in less physical activity of both moderate and vigorous intensity compared with their normal‐weight peers. Both overweight and normal‐weight children were less active at weekends than on weekdays. Initiatives aiming to increase physical activity of overweight children at weekends are warranted.
Frontal brain activation in young children during picture book reading with their mothers
Authors: Ohgi S , Loo KK , Mizuike C 
Published: October 2009

AbstractAim:  This study was to measure changes in frontal brain activation in young children during picture book reading with their mothers.Methods:  The cross‐sectional sample consisted of 15 young Japanese children (eight girls and seven boys, mean age 23.1 ± 3.4). Two experimental tasks were presented as follows: Task 1 (picture book reading with their mothers); Task 2 (viewing of book‐on‐video). Duration of task stimulus was 180‐sec and the 60‐sec interval was filled. Brain activation was measured using an optical topography system.Results:  Significant increases in oxy‐Hb were observed in both right and left frontal areas in response to Task 1 compared with Task 2. There were significant correlations between child’s brain activity and mothers’ and children’s verbal–nonverbal behaviours.Conclusion:  There was greater frontal lobe activation in children when they were engaged in a picture book reading task with their mothers, as opposed to passive viewing of a videotape in which the story was read to them. Social and verbal engagement of the mother in reading picture books with her young child may mediate frontal brain activity in the child.
Examination of Nursing Diagnoses Used by Nursing Students and Their Opinions About Nursing Diagnoses
Authors: Yönt Gülendam Hakverdioğlu , Khorshid Leyla , Eşer İsmet 
Published: October 2009

PURPOSE.  This study was planned as a descriptive study for the purpose of determining what nursing diagnoses are used by nursing students and their opinions about nursing diagnoses.METHODS.  The response rate was 70% (n= 346). Research data about the nursing diagnoses students used and their opinions about them were collected on a semi‐structured questionnaire developed by the researchers after reviewing related information in the literature.FINDINGS.  Of the students, 76.9% knew what nursing diagnosis was, but 31.5% had difficulty stating patient care needs as nursing diagnoses.CONCLUSIONS.  The majority of students in this study agreed that nursing diagnoses are a priority subject in the nursing profession, that nursing diagnoses needed to be used on the wards, and that nursing diagnoses needed to be documented in medical records on the wards.IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE.  It is recommended that nursing diagnoses be given more concentration in the nursing curriculum and that courses about nursing diagnoses be prepared for the purpose of giving students more detailed information.AMAÇ.  Bu çalışma hemşirelik öğrencilerinin kullandıkları hemşirelik tanılarının ve hemşirelik tanıları ile ilgili görüşlerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla tanımlayıcı olarak planlanmıştır.YÖNTEM.  Cevaplanma oranı %70 (n= 346) dir. Araştırmanın verileri, araştırmacılar tarafından öğrencilerin kullandıkları hemşirelik tanılarını ve öğrencilerin hemşirelik tanıları ile ilgili görüşlerini belirlemek amacıyla ilgili literatür taranarak (Carpenito, 1997; NANDA, 2003) oluşturulan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılarak toplanmıştır.BULGULAR.  Öğrencilerin %76.9'u hemşirelik tanısının ne olduğunu bildiğini, fakat %31.5'i hastanın bakım gereksinimini hemşirelik tanısı olarak ifade etmekte sıkıntı yaşadığını belirtmiştir.SONUÇ.  Öğrencilerin büyük bir çoğunluğu hemşirelik tanılarının hemşirelik mesleğinde öncelikli bir konu olduğunu, kliniklerde hemşirelik tanılarının kullanılması gerektiğini, kliniklerde hemşirelik tanılarının kayıtlarda yazılması gerektiğini belirtmişlerdir.HEMŞIRELIK UYGULAMALARI IÇIN ÖNERILER.  Hemşirelik eğitim müfredatlarında hemşirelik tanılarına daha fazla yer verilmesi ve öğrencilere daha detaylı bilgi verebilmek amacıyla hemşirelik tanıları ile ilgili kurs programlarının düzenlenmesi önerilmektedir.ANAHTAR KELIMELER.  Hemşirelik tanıları, hemşirelik öğrencisi, hemşirelik eğitimi, NANDA‐International
Contamination: Concept Analysis and Nursing Implications
Authors: Green Pauline M. , Polk Laura V. 
Published: October 2009

PURPOSE.  To analyze the concept of contamination and discuss the implications for nursing practice, research, and education.DATA SOURCES.  Published research articles, official governmental publications, policy reports, and textbooks.DATA SYNTHESIS.  Various attributes of contamination are described using the Walker and Avant method of concept analysis and include: (a) exposure to a contaminant, and (b) contaminant exists in a dose sufficient to cause adverse health effects. The major antecedents of contamination include the presence of a contaminant, dose, duration of exposure, route of exposure, and individual human differences. Major consequences of contamination include organ and systemic responses, and psychological, social, and economic effects.CONCLUSIONS.  Contamination is an important concept and is essential to the discipline of nursing. The concept of contamination is separate from exposure. Precision in the use of diagnostic language describing contamination incidents will lead to greater accuracy in outcomes and interventions for individuals and groups experiencing overt or covert contamination resulting from accidental or intentional acts. Broad agreement on the definition, antecedents, and consequences of contamination will improve the likelihood of successful management of contamination events.IMPLICATIONS.  The nursing profession makes an important contribution to the improvement of individual, community, and societal environmental health. Clarifying the concept of contamination is an important first step in building the nursing science that will lead to identifying sound nursing interventions.
Case Study: The Challenges of Self‐Management of Exacerbation of Pulmonary Symptoms
Authors: Barnes Andrea , Lunney Margaret 
Published: October 2009

PURPOSE.  This case study demonstrates the signs and symptoms of pulmonary exacerbation and the challenges of self‐management for a female veteran.DATA SOURCES.  Data were obtained through the author's clinical practice in primary care nursing and research literature sources.DATA SYNTHESIS.  The appropriate nursing diagnosis, nursing interventions, and patient outcomes were identified through the use of NANDA‐International, the Nursing Interventions Classification, and the Nursing Outcomes Classification.CONCLUSIONS.  This case study illustrates the appropriate nursing diagnosis, interventions, and outcomes pertinent to an individual with pulmonary exacerbations. It provides a framework for nurses in primary care when caring for individuals with pulmonary exacerbations.IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE.  Employing the NANDA‐International standardized nursing diagnoses, the Nursing Interventions Classification and the Nursing Outcomes Classification provided the needed constructs for improving care for a patient that had pulmonary issues in a primary care setting.
Development of a new candidate H5N1 avian influenza virus for pre‐pandemic vaccine production
Authors: Dong Jie , Matsuoka Yumiko , Maines Taronna R. , Swayne David E. , O’Neill Eduardo , Davis C. Todd , Van‐Hoven Neal , Balish Amanda , Yu Hong‐jie , Katz Jacqueline M. , Klimov Alexander , Cox Nancy , Li De‐xin , Wang Yu , Guo Yuan‐ji , Yang Wei‐zhong , Donis Ruben O. , Shu Yue‐long 
Published: October 2009

Background  Highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses currently circulating in birds have caused hundreds of human infections, and pose a significant pandemic threat. Vaccines are a major component of the public health preparedness for this likely event. The rapid evolution of H5N1 viruses has resulted in the emergence of multiple clades with distinct antigenic characteristics that require clade‐specific vaccines. A variant H5N1 virus termed clade 2.3.4 emerged in 2005 and has caused multiple fatal infections. Vaccine candidates that match the antigenic properties of variant viruses are necessary because inactivated influenza vaccines elicit strain‐specific protection.Objective  To address the need for a suitable seed for manufacturing a clade 2.3.4 vaccine, we developed a new H5N1 pre‐pandemic candidate vaccine by reverse genetics and evaluated its safety and replication in vitro and in vivo.Methods  A reassortant virus termed, Anhui/PR8, was produced by reverse genetics in compliance with WHO pandemic vaccine development guidelines and contains six genes from A/Puerto Rico/8/34 as well as the neuraminidase and hemagglutinin (HA) genomic segments from the A/Anhui/01/2005 virus. The multi‐basic cleavage site of HA was removed to reduce virulence.Results  The reassortant Anhui/PR8 grows well in eggs and is avirulent to chicken and ferrets but retains the antigenicity of the parental A/Anhui/01/2005 virus.Conclusion  These results indicate that the Anhui/PR8 reassortant lost a major virulent determinant and it is suitable for its use in vaccine manufacturing and as a reference vaccine virus against the H5N1 clade 2.3.4 viruses circulating in eastern China, Vietnam, Thailand, and Laos.
Tibial wedge ostectomy: complications of 300 surgical procedures
Authors: Kuan S , Smith B , Black A 
Published: October 2009

Background Tibial wedge ostectomy (TWO) is a surgical procedure that aims to give functional stability during weight‐bearing in a hindlimb with cranial cruciate ligament deficiency, by reducing the slope of the tibial plateau angle.Procedure Advantages of the TWO surgery are that it does not require dedicated equipment and can be performed in young dogs prior to closure of the physis. However, it is a technically demanding procedure and the potential for complications is high.Results In this retrospective review of 249 dogs that had unilateral and 51 that had bilateral TWO surgery, the overall complication rate was 31.7% (95/300) and the rate of revision surgery was considerable (37 cases or 12.33%).Conclusions The most important clinical complications were postoperative medial meniscal tears, tibial fractures and implant failures, necessitating repeat surgery.
Detection of Minchinia occulta in samples of pearl oysters Pinctada maxima infected by Haplosporidium hinei
Authors: Bearham D , Spiers ZB , Raidal SR , Jones JB , Nicholls PK 
Published: October 2009

Objective  To determine if juvenile pearl oysters (Pinctada maxima) infected with Haplosporidium hinei are also infected with another haplosporidian parasite, Minchinia occulta.Design  Archived samples of pearl oysters infected with H. hinei were examined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays and in situ hybridisation (ISH) to analyse and identify haplosporidians. A 144‐bp and 220‐bp region of Minchinia DNA were targeted by PCR and amplified DNA from formalin‐fixed H. hinei‐infected pearl oyster samples was sequenced. A 25‐bp oligonucleotide probe targeting a variable section of the parasite's small subunit rRNA gene was used in ISH.Results  The results of DNA‐based diagnostic assays supported each other. The sequences obtained by PCR were found to be almost identical to M. occulta from rock oysters and the ISH assay demonstrated infection with M. occulta in affected pearl oysters. ISH indicated a prevalence of infection of 26.7% in one of the previous outbreaks.Conclusion  Pearl oyster spat are susceptible to infection by a Minchinia parasite, most likely M. occulta, which was recently identified in rock oysters within the pearl‐producing zones of Western Australia and is associated with mortalities of up to 80% in this species. The occurrence of haplosporidian co‐infections in pearl oysters suggests the immunocompetence of juvenile oysters may be an important factor in preventing infection and therefore preventing mortalities such as those occurring in the recent outbreaks of pearl oyster oedema disease.