bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solid‐solid reactions in series: A modeling and experimental study
Authors: Suresh A. K. , Ghoroi Chinmay 
Published: July 2009

AbstractReactions among particulate solid phases are important and abundant in many materials, chemical, and metallurgical process industries. Many of these are reaction networks, and not single‐step reactions as normally assumed. There is no theoretical framework available for the analysis of such systems, and single‐reaction models derived from the gas–solid literature continue to be used. Formation of cement clinker in the rotary cement kiln is a prime example of the genre, in which mechanistic aspects play an important role in determining energy efficiency and the composition and nature of the phases that form. In the present study, we formulate a model within the ambit of the “shrinking core” class of models, for reactions in series among solid phases. The model shows the presence of one or two moving fronts in the reacting particle, depending on the relative rates of the processes involved. A single Thiele‐type parameter controls the model behavior, at once describing the relative rates of the intermediate formation and consumption processes, and the diffusion‐reaction competition for the product formation step. The model has been shown to reduce to the well known single reaction models at the limits of low and high values of the Thiele parameter. Experimental data have been obtained on the calcia‐alumina system, an important one in cement manufacture, in the temperature range 1150–1250°C. The model has been fitted to these data and the kinetic parameters determined. The comparison bears out the salient features of the theory, and shows that a degree of diffusion limitation exists for the intermediate conversion step under these conditions. The diffusivity values estimated are in the range of 10−19 to 10−18 m2/s and agree with values found in the literature for similar systems. The rate constant for the intermediate conversion step is of the order of 10−6 s−1. This being among the first such determinations, this value awaits confirmation from other studies. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2009
Providing an archaeological bird's‐eye view – an overall picture of ground‐based means to execute low‐altitude aerial photography (LAAP) in Archaeology
Authors: Verhoeven Geert J. J. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractSince the beginning of aerial photography, researchers have used all kinds of devices ranging from pigeons, kites, poles and balloons to rockets in order to take cameras aloft and remotely gather aerial data needed for a combination of research goals. To date, many of these unmanned devices are still used, mainly to gather archaeologically relevant information from relatively low altitudes, enabling so‐called low‐altitude aerial photography (LAAP). Besides providing a concise overview of the unmanned LAAP platforms commonly used in archaeological research, this paper considers the drawbacks and advantages of every device and provides an extensive reference list. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A biofilm growth protocol and the design of a magnetic field exposure setup to be used in the study of magnetic fields as a means of controlling bacterial biofilms
Authors: McLeod Bruce R. , Sandvik Elizabeth L. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe use of prosthetic implants is increasing both in the United States and around the world and there is a concomitant rise in cases of biofilm‐based, persistent infections that are quite serious and virtually impervious to antibiotic treatment. The development of alternate therapies that do not involve long term use of high levels of antibiotics or surgical intervention is needed. Based on the success of using electric or magnetic fields to alter certain physiological processes, it is hypothesized that relatively low level magnetic fields, in conjunction with the appropriate antibiotic, may be able to help control and eventually clear bacterial biofilms on a prosthetic. In order to test this hypothesis, it is necessary to first develop a means of growing laboratory grade biofilms on specific materials in a way that is repeatable between experiments and that can be reproduced by other laboratories. Secondly, a means of applying controlled magnetic fields to the surfaces supporting the biofilms at a defined temperature must be developed. This article addresses both of these points. Bioelectromagnetics 31:56–63, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Bayesian analysis for nonlinear regression model under skewed errors, with application in growth curves
Authors: De la Cruz Rolando , Branco Márcia D. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractWe have considered a Bayesian approach for the nonlinear regression model by replacing the normal distribution on the error term by some skewed distributions, which account for both skewness and heavy tails or skewness alone. The type of data considered in this paper concerns repeated measurements taken in time on a set of individuals. Such multiple observations on the same individual generally produce serially correlated outcomes. Thus, additionally, our model does allow for a correlation between observations made from the same individual. We have illustrated the procedure using a data set to study the growth curves of a clinic measurement of a group of pregnant women from an obstetrics clinic in Santiago, Chile. Parameter estimation and prediction were carried out using appropriate posterior simulation schemes based in Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods. Besides the deviance information criterion (DIC) and the conditional predictive ordinate (CPO), we suggest the use of proper scoring rules based on the posterior predictive distribution for comparing models. For our data set, all these criteria chose the skew‐t model as the best model for the errors. These DIC and CPO criteria are also validated, for the model proposed here, through a simulation study. As a conclusion of this study, the DIC criterion is not trustful for this kind of complex model.
Simultaneous analysis of catechol‐O‐methyl transferase activity,S‐adenosylhomocysteine and adenosine
Authors: Reenilä Ilkka , Rauhala Pekka 
Published: July 2009

AbstractNovel HPLC method utilizing UV‐detection was developed to analyse catechol‐O‐methyltransferase (COMT) products, vanillic acid and isovanillic acid,S‐adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) and adenosine formed from dihydroxybenzoic acid andS‐adenosyl‐L‐methionine (SAM) by incubation of the rat tissues. Entacapone, a COMT inhibitor, prevented the formation of SAH only partially in the striatal homogenate whereas in the kidney homogenate the increase of SAH was prevented by entacapone. In conclusion, this method was reliable, rapid and simple. COMT seemed to be partially responsible on the SAM utilizing methylations in the striatal homogenates while in the high COMT activity tissue, COMT was the main SAH producing methyltransferase. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A rapid assay for angiotensin‐converting enzyme activity using ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry
Authors: Geng Fang , He Yuqi , Yang Li , Wang Zhengtao 
Published: July 2009

AbstractAngiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) plays an important role in the renin–angiotensin system and ACE activity is usually assayedin vitroby monitoring the transformation from a substrate to the product catalyzed by ACE. A rapid and sensitive analysis method or ACE activity by quantifying simultaneously the substrate hippuryl–histidyl–leucine and its product hippuric acid using an ultra‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization‐mass spectrometry (UPLC‐MS) was first developed and applied to assay the inhibitory activities against ACE of several natural phenolic compounds. The established UPLC‐MS method showed obvious advantages over the conventional HPLC analysis in shortened running time (3.5 min), lower limit of detection (5 pg) and limit of quantification (18 pg), and high selectivity aided by MS detection in selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode. Among the six natural products screened, five compounds, caffeic acid, caffeoyl acetate, ferulic acid, chlorogenic acid and resveratrol indicated potentin vitroACE inhibitory activity with IC50values of 2.527 ± 0.032, 3.129 ± 0.016, 10.898 ± 0.430, 15.076 ± 1.211 and 6.359 ± 0.086 mm, respectively. A structure–activity relationship estimation suggested that the number and the situation of the hydroxyls on the benzene rings and the acrylic acid groups may play the most predominant role in their ACE inhibitory activity. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Determination of ibudilast in human serum by high‐performance liquid chromatography for pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Yoon Hwa , Cho Hea‐Young , Lee Yong‐Bok 
Published: July 2009

AbstractA simple, accurate, precise and cost effective reversed‐phase HPLC method was developed to determine the concentration of ibudilast in human serum. Ibudilast and an internal standard, butyl 4‐hydroxybenzoate, were extracted by liquid–liquid extraction with methyl tert‐butyl ether. HPLC analysis was carried out under the following conditions: a Luna C18(2) 5 μm column, a mobile phase of acetonitrile–0.02% phosphoric acid (50 : 50, v/v, adjusted to pH 6.0 with triethylamine) and a UV detector at 319 nm. The chromatograms showed good resolution and sensitivity as well as no interference from the human serum. The calibration curves were linear over the concentration range, 1–100 ng/mL, for serum with correlation coefficients >0.999. The intra‐ and inter‐day assay precision as well as the accuracy fulfilled the international requirements. The mean absolute recovery for human serum was 101.7 ± 6.1%. The lower limit of quantitation in human serum was 1 ng/mL, which is sensitive enough for pharmacokinetic studies. Stability studies revealed that ibudilast in human serum was stable during storage as well as during the assay procedure. This method was applied successfully to an examination of the pharmacokinetics of ibudilast in human subjects following a single oral dose of an ibudilast (10 mg) capsule. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Diagnostic accuracy of 64 multidetector computed tomographic angiography in peripheral vascular disease
Authors: Shareghi Shahrzad , Gopal Ambarish , Gul Khawar , Matchinson James C. , Wong Christopher B. , Weinberg Nicole , Lensky Mark , Budoff Matthew J. , Shavelle David M. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBackground: Previous studies of multidetector CT (MDCT) of the lower extremities for the detection of peripheral vascular disease showed high diagnostic accuracy but were performed with older generation systems. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of 64 MDCT for the detection of hemodynamically significant disease within the lower extremity peripheral vasculature as compared to digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Methods: Twenty‐eight consecutive patients with symptomatic lower extremity intermittent claudication and an abnormal ankle‐brachial index (ABI; less than 0.9) were evaluated by both 64 MDCT and DSA. Axial images were acquired with a 64 multidetector general electric light speed VCT scanner. Images were analyzed using a GE Advantage workstation (AW 4.3) capable of advanced image processing and manipulation. The aorto‐iliac and lower extremity arteries were divided into 15 segments per limb (30 segments per patient). Eight hundred forty segments were analyzed in a blinded fashion by physicians with level III CT certification. Segments were classified as grade I (<10% stenosis), grade II (10–49%), grade III (50–99%), and grade IV (occlusion). Results: For all segments evaluated, the overall diagnostic accuracy for detecting grade III and IV lesions was 98% with a sensitivity of 99% and a specificity of 98%. For the aorto‐iliac segments, the diagnostic accuracy was 98% with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 99%. For the femoro‐popliteal segments, the overall accuracy was 98% with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 99%. For the infra‐popliteal segments, the overall accuracy was 98% with a sensitivity of 97% and a specificity of 99%. One segment could not be visualized by MDCT compared to 49 segments that could not be visualized by DSA. Conclusions: This study demonstrates excellent diagnostic accuracy of 64 MDCT in the detection of hemodynamically significant disease of the lower extremities. More segments are visualized using 64 MDCT than DSA, allowing more complete visualization of the vascular tree. CT angiography should be considered in the diagnostic evaluation of symptomatic patients with peripheral vascular disease. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure Determination of Gold Clusters by Trapped Ion Electron Diffraction: Au‐14—Au‐19.
Authors: Lechtken Anne , Neiss Christian , Kappes Manfred M. , Schooss Detlef 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Crystal Structure of Martensitic ZrIr and ZrRh.
Authors: Stalick J. K. , Waterstrat R. M. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure of the TbZnSn2 and TbZnSn Ternary Compounds.
Authors: Pavlyuk V. , Oshchapovsky I. , Marciniak B. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Thermoelectric Properties of BaMn2Sb2 Single Crystals.
Authors: Wang H. F. , Cai K. F. , Li H. , Wang L. , Zhou C. W. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Experimental Determination and Thermodynamic Calculation of the Phase Equilibria in the Cu—Cr—Nb and Cu—Cr—Co Systems.
Authors: Liu X. J. , Jiang Z. P. , Wang C. P. , Ishida K. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Studies on Electrochemical Behavior of Zinc‐Doped LiFePO4 for Lithium Battery Positive Electrode.
Authors: Shenouda Atef Y. , Liu Hua K. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural Determination of NaAl2Ga2 Intermetallic Compound Having the ThCr2Si2 Type Structure.
Authors: Kadir K. , Noreus D. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation and Capacitive Properties of Sheet V6O13 for Electrochemical Supercapacitor.
Authors: Zeng H. M. , Zhao Y. , Hao Y. J. , Lai Q. Y. , Huang J. H. , Ji X. Y. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Large Hydrogen Capacity in Hydrides R2Ni2In—H (R: La, Ce, Pr, Nd) with New Structure Type.
Authors: Dzevenko M. , Miliyanchuk K. , Filinchuk Ya. , Stelmakhovych O. , Akselrud L. , Havela L. , Kalychak Ya. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Silver Molybdenum Oxyfluoride Perovskite as a Cathode Material for Lithium Batteries.
Authors: Tong W. , Yoon W.‐S. , Hagh N. M. , Amatucci G. G. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: New Bis(1‐ferrocenylethyl)amine‐Derived Monodentate Phosphoramidite Ligands for Highly Enantioselective Copper‐Catalyzed 1,4‐Conjugate Addition.
Authors: Zou Dong‐Yun , Duan Zheng‐Chao , Hu Xiang‐Ping , Zheng Zhuo 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Intramolecular Rhodium‐Catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2] Cyclizations of Diynes with Enones.
Authors: Jones Amanda L. , Snyder John K. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Condensation of (Chlorocarbonyl)phenylketene with 1,3‐Dinucleophiles. Part 2. Preparation of 2‐Hydroxy‐3‐phenyl‐4H‐pyrimido[2,1‐b][1,3]benzothiazol‐4‐ones and Thioxo Dihydro‐4,6(1H,5H)‐pyrimidinones.
Authors: Sheibani Hassan , Zahedifar Mahboobeh 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Broensted Acid Promoted Intramolecular Carbocyclization of Alkynals Leading to Cyclic Enones.
Authors: Gonzalez‐Rodriguez Carlos , Escalante Luz , Varela Jesus A. , Castedo Luis , Saa Carlos 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Unexpected Nucleophilic Behavior of Free‐Radicals Generated from α‐Iodoketones.
Authors: De Dobbeleer Corinne , Pospisil Jiri , De Vleeschouwer Freija , De Proft Frank , Marko Istvan E. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Aqueous Phase C—H Bond Oxidation Reaction of Arylalkanes Catalyzed by a Water‐Soluble Cationic Ru(III) Complex [(pymox‐Me2)2RuCl2] +BF4‐.
Authors: Yi Chae S. , Kwon Ki‐Hyeok , Lee Do W. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Acyl Transfer Catalysis with 1,2,4‐Triazole Anion.
Authors: Yang Xing , Birman Vladimir B. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Triethyloxonium Tetrafluoroborate/1,2‐Dimethoxyethane — A Versatile Substitute for Trimethyloxonium Tetrafluoroborate in O‐Methylation Reactions.
Authors: Ritter Andrea , Poschenrieder Hermann , Bracher Franz 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Deprotection of Homoallyl (hAllyl) Derivatives of Phenols, Alcohols, Acids, and Amines.
Authors: Lipshutz Bruce H. , Ghorai Subir , Leong Wendy Wen Yi 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of Allenamides via Sulfimide [2,3]‐Sigmatropic Rearrangement.
Authors: Armstrong Alan , Emmerson Daniel P. G. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: β‐Nitroacrylates and Silyl Enol Ethers as Key Starting Materials for the Synthesis of Polyfunctionalized β‐Nitro Esters and 1,2‐Oxazine‐2‐oxides.
Authors: Ballini Roberto , Bosica Giovanna , Gabrielli Serena , Palmieri Alessandro 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Tandem Zn‐Brook Rearrangement/Ene‐Allene Carbocyclization.
Authors: Unger Rozalia , Cohen Theodore , Marek Ilan 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.