bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel osteoclast precursor cell line, 4B12, recapitulates the features of primary osteoclast differentiation and function: Enhanced transfection efficiency before and after differentiation
Authors: Amano Shigeru , Sekine Keisuke , Bonewald Lynda F. , Ohmori Yoshihiro 
Published: June 2009

AbstractOsteoclasts are bone‐resorbing multinucleated cells differentiated from monocyte/macrophage lineage precursors. A novel osteoclast precursor cell line, 4B12 was established from Mac‐1+c‐Fms+RANK+ cells from calvaria of 14‐day‐old mouse embryos using immunofluorescence and cell‐sorting methods. Like M‐CSF‐dependent bone marrow macrophages (M‐BMMs), M‐CSF is required for 4B12 cells to differentiate into TRAP‐positive multinucleated cells [TRAP(+) MNCs] in the presence of RANKL. Bone‐resorbing osteoclasts differentiated from 4B12 cells on dentine slices possess both a clear zone and ruffled borders and express osteoclast‐specific genes. Bone‐resorbing activity, but not TRAP, was enhanced in the presence of IL‐1α. The number of TRAP(+) MNCs and the number of pits formed from 4B12 cells on dentine slices was fourfold higher than that from M‐BMMs. 4B12 cells were identified as macrophages with Mac‐1 and F4/80, yet lost these markers upon differentiation into osteoclasts as determined by confocal laser scanning microscopy. The 4B12 cells do not have the potential to differentiate into dendritic cells indicating commitment to the osteoclast lineage. 4B12 cells are readily transfectable with siRNA transfection before and after differentiation. These data show that 4B12 cells faithfully replicate the properties of primary cells and are a useful and powerful model for analyzing the molecular and cellular regulatory mechanisms of osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast function. J. Cell. Physiol. 221: 40–53, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc
Endogenous Jmjd6 gene product is expressed at the cell surface and regulates phagocytosis in immature monocyte‐like activated THP‐1 cells
Authors: Zakharova Liudmila , Dadsetan Sepehr , Fomina Alla F. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractA jumonji domain containing gene 6 (Jmjd6), previously referred to as phosphatidylserine receptor (PSR) gene, plays an important role in cell differentiation and development of multiple organs, although mechanisms of its action are not known. The Jmjd6 gene product was initially identified as a membrane protein that participates in phagocytosis. However, the later findings that recombinant Jmjd6 in expression systems was targeted to the nucleus challenged the role of Jmjd6 as a membrane receptor. Using immunocytochemistry approach we studied the subcellular distribution of endogenous Jmjd6 protein in THP‐1 cells activated with phorbol 12‐myristate 13 acetate (PMA). We found that treatment with PMA stimulated Jmjd6 expression in the cytosol of activated cells. Furthermore, Jmjd6 initially appeared at the cell surface of immature phagocytes (1–2 days after activation) but then translocated into the nucleus of differentiated macrophage‐like cells (5–9 days after activation). Anti‐Jmjd6 antibodies suppressed the engulfment of dead cell corpses by THP‐1 cells expressing the Jmjd6 at the cell surface. These data indicate that Jmjd6 serves as a membrane‐associated receptor that regulates phagocytosis in immature macrophages but is dispensable for phagocytosis and has other functions when it is expressed in the cytosol and nucleus of mature macrophage‐like cells. J. Cell. Physiol. 221: 84–91, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc
Effects of morphine on testosterone levels in rat C6 glioma cells: Modulation by anastrozole
Authors: Ceccarelli Ilaria , Rossi Antonella , Maddalena Melinda , Weber Elisabetta , Aloisi Anna Maria 
Published: June 2009

AbstractRat C6 glioma cells are commonly used to investigate the functions of glial cells. To evaluate the presence of testosterone and its metabolism in rat C6 glioma cells, we cultured them in media with or without the addition of testosterone propionate and anastrozole, a blocker of aromatase, the enzyme needed to transform testosterone into estradiol. The same procedure was repeated with morphine (10 and 100 µM), known to decrease testosterone levels in the brain (in rats) and plasma (in rats and humans). Confluent cells were exposed to the test media for 48 h and then collected. Cell pellets were used to determine testosterone by radioimmunoassay. The C6 cells contained detectable levels of testosterone and the levels increased with the addition of testosterone to the medium. Aromatase blockage by anastrozole increased cellular levels of testosterone regardless of the addition of exogenous testosterone. Both concentrations of morphine dose‐dependently decreased testosterone levels in the C6 cells; this effect was also present with the contemporary administration of anastrozole. Our findings show that testosterone is present in rat C6 glioma cells and can be metabolized by aromatase. Moreover, the presence of morphine in the culture medium strongly decreased testosterone, demonstrating that the glia would be a target of the morphine‐induced hypogonadal effect. J. Cell. Physiol. 221: 1–4, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc
Acute exercise reduces insulin resistance‐induced TRB3 expression and amelioration of the hepatic production of glucose in the liver of diabetic mice
Authors: Lima Athos F. , Ropelle Eduardo R. , Pauli José R. , Cintra Dennys E. , Frederico Marisa J.S. , Pinho Ricardo A. , Velloso Lício A. , De Souza Cláudio T. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractTRB3 (a mammalian homolog of Drosophila) is emerging as an important player in the regulation of insulin signaling. TRB3 can directly bind to Ser/Thr protein kinase Akt, the major downstream kinase of insulin signaling. Conversely, physical exercise has been linked to improved glucose homeostasis and enhanced insulin sensitivity; however, the molecular mechanisms by which exercise improves glucose homeostasis, particularly in the hepatic tissue, are only partially known. Here, we demonstrate that acute exercise reduces fasting glucose in two models diabetic mice. Western blot analysis showed that 8 h after a swimming protocol, TRB3 expression was reduced in the hepatic tissue from diet‐induced obesity (Swiss) and leptin‐deficient (ob/ob) mice, when compared with respective control groups at rest. In parallel, there was an increase in insulin responsiveness in the canonical insulin‐signaling pathway in hepatic tissue from DIO and ob/ob mice after exercise. In addition, the PEPCK expression was reduced in the liver after the exercise protocol, suggesting that acute exercise diminished hepatic glucose production through insulin‐signaling restoration. Thus, these results provide new insights into the mechanism by which physical activity improves glucose homeostasis in type 2 diabetes. J. Cell. Physiol. 221: 92–97, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc
CCL20/CCR6 chemokine/receptor expression in bone tissue from osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis patients: Different response of osteoblasts in the two groups
Authors: Lisignoli Gina , Manferdini Cristina , Codeluppi Katia , Piacentini Anna , Grassi Francesco , Cattini Luca , Filardo Giuseppe , Facchini Andrea 
Published: June 2009

AbstractSubchondral bone remodeling in osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is mainly characterized by the formation of osteophytes/fibrosis and by the presence of infiltrating cells associated to bone resorption. In this study we analyzed CC (cysteine cysteine motif) chemokine ligand (CCL)20 and CC chemokine receptor (CCR)6 function in subchondral bone tissue and osteoblasts isolated from OA and RA patients. CCL20/CCR6 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemical techniques in bone tissue from OA and RA patients. CCL20‐functional tests were performed on osteoblasts isolated from OA and RA patients to evaluate enzymatic response and cell proliferation. Moreover, we assessed Akt phosphorylation as the major signaling pathway for CCL20. In bone tissue biopsies we found that osteoblasts from both OA and RA patients expressed CCR6 while CCL20 was expressed only by RA osteoblasts. Both CCR6 and CCL20 were highly expressed in osteocytes and mononuclear cells from only RA patients. CCL20‐stimulated OA osteoblasts showed a significant increase in β‐N‐acetylhexosaminidase release compared to RA. Conversely, a significant increase in cellular proliferation was found only in CCL20‐stimulated RA osteoblasts associated to Akt phosphorylation. These data were confirmed in bone tissue biopsies. This study demonstrates a different expression of CCL20‐positive osteoblasts in OA versus RA disease that seem to be associated with the presence of infiltrating mononuclear cells. Moreover, CCL20 stimulation resulted in a greater proliferative response in RA osteoblasts compared to OA osteoblasts, mediated by Akt signaling, while OA osteoblasts showed increased enzymatic activity, thus suggesting a differential role of this chemokine in OA and RA. J. Cell. Physiol. 221: 154–160, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc
Alterations in the temporal expression and function of cadherin‐7 inhibit cell migration and condensation during chondrogenesis of chick limb mesenchymal cells in vitro
Authors: Kim Dongkyun , Kang Shin‐Sung , Jin Eun‐Jung 
Published: June 2009

AbstractEndochondral bone formation requires a complex interplay among immature mesenchymal progenitor cells to form the cartilaginous anlagen, which involves migration, aggregation and condensation. Even though condensation of chondrogenic progenitors is an essential step in this process, its mechanism(s) has not been well studied. Here, we show that cadherin‐7 plays a central role in cellular condensation by modulating cell motility and migration. In this study, many mesenchymal cells failed to migrate, and precartilage condensation was inhibited, after knockdown of endogenous cadherin‐7 levels. Exposure of mesenchymal cells to SB203580 (a specific inhibitor of p38MAPK), LiCl (an inhibitor of GSK‐3β) or overexpression of β‐catenin resulted in inhibition of cadherin‐7 levels and, subsequently, suppression of cell migration. Collectively, our results suggest that cadherin‐7 controls cell migration in chick limb bud mesenchymal cells, and that p38MAPK and GSK signals are responsible for regulating cadherin‐7‐mediated cell migration. J. Cell. Physiol. 221: 161–170, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc
Atypical protein kinase C activity is required for extracellular matrix degradation and invasion by Src‐transformed cells
Authors: Rodriguez Elena M. , Dunham Elizabeth E. , Martin G. Steven 
Published: June 2009

AbstractAtypical protein kinase C (aPKC) isoforms have been shown to mediate Src‐dependent signaling in response to growth factor stimulation. To determine if aPKC activity contributes to the transformed phenotype of cells expressing oncogenic Src, we have examined the activity and function of aPKCs in 3T3 cells expressing viral Src (v‐Src). aPKC activity and tyrosine phosphorylation were found to be elevated in some but not all clones of mouse fibroblasts expressing v‐Src. aPKC activity was inhibited either by addition of a membrane‐permeable pseudosubstrate, by expression of a dominant‐negative aPKC, or by RNAi‐mediated knockdown of specific aPKC isoforms. aPKC activity contributes to morphological transformation and stress fiber disruption, and is required for migration of Src‐transformed cells and for their ability to polarize at the edge of a monolayer. The λ isoform of aPKC is specifically required for invasion through extracellular matrix in Boyden chamber assays and for degradation of the extracellular matrix in in situ zymography assays. Tyrosine phosphorylation of aPKCλ is required for its ability to promote cell invasion. The defect in invasion upon aPKC inhibition appears to result from a defect in the assembly and/or function of podosomes, invasive adhesions on the ventral surface of the cell that are sites of protease secretion. aPKC was also found to localize to podosomes of v‐Src transformed cells, suggesting a direct role for aPKC in podosome assembly and/or function. We conclude that basal or elevated aPKC activity is required for the ability of Src‐transformed cells to degrade and invade the extracellular matrix. J. Cell. Physiol. 221: 171–182, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc
Evolution of archosaurian body plans: skeletal adaptations of an air‐sac‐based breathing apparatus in birds and other archosaurs
Authors: O'Connor Patrick Michael 
Published: June 2009

AbstractLiving birds represent the only extant sauropsid group in which pulmonary air sacs pneumatize the postcranial skeleton. Notable in this regard is an extraordinary degree of variability, ranging from species that are completely apneumatic to those characterized by air within the entire postcranial skeleton. Although numerous factors (e.g., body size) have been linked with “relative” pneumaticity, comparative studies examining this system remain sparse. This project sought to (1) characterize whole‐body patterns of skeletal pneumaticity in distantly related neognath birds and (2) evaluate putative relationships among relative pneumaticity, body size and locomotor specializations. Pneumaticity profiles were established for 52 species representing 10 higher‐level groups. Although comparisons reveal relatively conserved patterns within most lower‐level clades, apparent size‐ and locomotor‐thresholds do impart predictable deviations from the clade norm. For example, the largest flying birds (vultures, pelicans) exhibit hyperpneumaticity (i.e., pneumaticity of distal limb segments) relative to smaller members of their respective clades. In contrast, skeletal pneumaticity has been independently lost in multiple lineages of diving specialists (e.g., penguins, auks). The application of pneumaticity profiling to extinct archosaurs reveals similar trends in body size evolution, particularly when examining patterns of pneumaticity in a size‐diverse assemblage of pterosaurs (flying “reptiles”). As a fundamental organizing system, skeletal pneumaticity may play a role in relaxing constraints on body size evolution by allowing volumetric increases without concomitant increases in body mass. Not only might this be critical for taxa (birds, pterosaurs) exploiting the energetically costly aerial environment, but could be beneficial for any large‐bodied terrestrial vertebrates such as the dinosaurs.J. Exp. Zool. 311A:629–646, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ultrahigh‐Density Carbon Nanoring Arrays on Silicon Wafer through Templated Solution Deposition Method
Authors: Liu Xikui , Stamm Manfred 
Published: June 2009

AbstractUltrahigh‐density carbon nanoring arrays on a silicon wafer are achieved by a novel templated solution deposition method. Initially the silica nanodot arrays obtained from a nanoporous thin film are used as a template to direct the surface dewetting of a phenolic precursor, while further curing and calcination of the phenolic precursor, followed by etching of the silica arrays, results in large area carbon nanoring arrays with a diameter as small as 25 nm. This study provides a simple and robust chemical route to fabricate complex nanoring arrays with ultrahigh density of about one terabit per square inch.magnified image
Dry Spinning Based Spinneret Based Tunable Engineered Parameters (STEP) Technique for Controlled and Aligned Deposition of Polymeric Nanofibers
Authors: Nain Amrinder S. , Sitti Metin , Jacobson Annette , Kowalewski Tomasz , Amon Cristina 
Published: June 2009

AbstractPolymeric nanofibers are finding increasing number of applications and hold the potential to revolutionize diverse fields such as tissue engineering, smart textiles, sensors, and actuators. Aligning and producing high aspect ratio fiber arrays (length/diameter > 2 000) in the sub‐micron and nanoscale diameters has been challenging due to fragility of polymeric materials, thus making it difficult to deposit them as one dimensional structures functionally interfaced with other systems. Here, we present a pseudo dry spinning technique which allows precise control on fiber diameters and further allows deposition of fiber arrays in aligned configurations. Control on fiber diameters ranging from 50–500 nm and having lengths of several millimeters is achieved by altering the polymeric solution concentration. In the dilute and semi‐dilute unentangled concentration domain droplets or beaded fibers are observed to form. Smooth uniform diameter fibers are observed to form at the onset of semi‐dilute entangled concentration regime. For a given molecular weight, the increase in fiber diameter with increasing solution concentration is attributed to both the increase in the entanglement density and the decrease in the radius of gyration of solvated polymer molecules. Using this technique polymeric fiber arrays in single and multiple layers are demonstrated which can be used towards developing strong textiles, biological scaffolds, and sensor networks.magnified image
Bottom‐up Assembly of Poly(3‐hexylthiophene) on Carbon Nanotubes: 2D Building Blocks for Nanoscale Circuits
Authors: Liu Jianhua , Zou Jianhua , Zhai Lei 
Published: June 2009

AbstractHierarchical poly(3‐hexylthiophene)(P3HT)/carbon nanotube (CNT) supramolecular structures were fabricated through a bottom‐up CNT induced P3HT crystallization strategy. P3HT nanowires growing perpendicular from CNT surface have uniform width and height. The density and the length of these nanowires can be controlled by tuning the P3HT/CNT mass ratio. The quasi‐isothermal crystallization process monitored by in situ UV–Vis spectroscopy indicates that CNTs can greatly enhance the P3HT crystallization, and the P3HT nanowire formation follows first‐order kinetics. Such bottom‐up strategy provides a general approach to build 2D functional conductive supramolecular structures that will lead to numerous applications in nanoscale electronics.magnified image
Effect of polymorphisms in the 3′ untranslated region (3′‐UTR) of vascular endothelial growth factor gene on gastric cancer and peptic ulcer diseases in Japan
Authors: Tahara Tomomitsu , Shibata Tomoyuki , Nakamura Masakatsu , Yamashita Hiromi , Yoshioka Daisuke , Hirata Ichiro , Arisawa Tomiyasu 
Published: June 2009

AbstractA complex interaction of host genetic and environmental factors may be relevant in the development of Helicocobacter pylori‐related gastric carcinogenesis. We investigated the effect of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene polymorphisms on the risk of gastric cancer (GC) and peptic ulcer diseases in a Japanese population. The G1612A(rs10434) and C936T(rs3025039) polymorphisms in the 3′ untranslated region (3′‐UTR) of VEGF gene were genotyped in a total of 844 subjects including 385 GC, 143 ulcer including 98 gastric ulcer (GU), 45 duodenal ulcer (DU), and 316 nonulcer subjects. The 1612A carrier held a significantly higher risk of GC when compared to both noncancer and nonulcer (overall noncancer vs. GC; OR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.17–2.21, P = 0.0038, nonulcer vs. GC; OR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.07–2.22, P = 0.0197). The 1612A carrier was more closely associated with an increased risk of noncardiac cancer (OR = 1.64, 95% CI = 0.17–2.21, P = 0.0038), lower third cancer (OR = 1.97, 95% CI = 1.30–3.00, P = 0.002), and Lauren's diffuse‐type cancer (OR = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.24–2.46, P = 0.001), while the same genotype was not associated with the progression of GC. The C936T genotype was not associated with a risk of GC and its progression. Both the G1612A and C936T genotypes were not associated with the risk of peptic ulcer diseases. Our data suggest that the G1612A, but not C936T polymorphisms in the 3′‐UTR of VEGF gene is associated with the susceptibility to GC in the Japanese population. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Knowledge management career: Perception versus reality
Authors: Zhang Qiping , J. Froehlich Thomas , Hawamdeh Suliman , Koenig Michael , Srikantaiah T. Kanti 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe panel will discuss the growing challenges in knowledge management education. Particularly they will debate and share their visions and experiences on following issues:

What are the career opportunities for students graduated from KM program?
What skills and knowledge should we empower our students in KM program?
What are the challenges in KM education?
What are the future trends in KM career and education?
In the first part of the panel, we will report a comparative analysis of top KM programs in terms of their curriculum and job placement. In this, we would include both US and other countries. In the second part of the panel, each panelist will provide a balanced view of academia and industry addressing above issues. Four panelists are not only affiliated with the leading programs in knowledge management education in the states currently, but also have rich experience worldwide outside the academia like government, non‐profit organization, and corporate in the past.
ICT‐mediated diaspora studies: New directions in immigrant information behavior research
Authors: Pyati Ajit , Chu Clara , Fisher Karen , Srinivasan Ramesh , Caidi Nadia , Allard Danielle , Dechief Diane 
Published: June 2009

AbstractA growing and sizeable area of study within information behavior research focuses on the information needs and behaviors of immigrant populations (see Chu, 1999; Fisher, Durrance & Hinton, 2004; Caidi & Allard 2005; Srinivasan & Pyati, 2007). Some of the unique needs of these populations include information to aid with coping skills and social inclusion, as well as culturally specific information resources. Moreover, immigrant communities have information networks that span national boundaries, which affects their needs and uses of information and communication technologies (ICTs).This panel will focus on the role of ICTs in mediating the information environments of immigrant and diasporic communities. While focusing on how ICTs mediate immigrant information needs, this panel also contextualizes immigrant information behavior research within globalization and diaspora studies. For instance, the concept of “e‐diaspora” is a term gaining in popularity, but rarely invoked in relation to immigrant information behavior research. How do new media technologies mediate and influence the information needs and behaviors of immigrant populations? Are localized immigrant information needs mediated by diasporic information sources?The panelists will focus on ICT‐mediated services for immigrant populations within the context of both local and global information environments. Questions addressed include: In what ways do diasporic information environments shape local immigrant information needs and their social inclusion into the host society? How does the “digital divide” manifest itself in studies of ICT‐mediated immigrant information behavior? The issues addressed by the panel are both timely and critical as evidenced by the ongoing debates in Europe, North America and elsewhere on immigration policy, on integration and identity, and the role of ICTs in a globalized world. This international perspective will be reflected in the composition of the panel.
DRM: Digital rights management or digital restrictions management?
Authors: Smith Kevin L. , Burger Bill , Gay Joshua , Eschenfelder Kristin , Kasprowski Rafal 
Published: June 2009

AbstractDigital rights management (DRM) constitutes the technological measures by which information providers control user access to electronic products to prevent the downloading or printing of online content in amounts that could substitute for product subscriptions or purchases. DRM limitations on the types of uses and their frequency are encoded directly in the products or the hardware needed to use them. This challenges the fair use provisions of copyright law, which offer room for interpretation on whether particular uses compromise the commercial value of copyrighted content. Since DRM measures are part of licensing agreements between vendors and users, they override fair use. This session will provide the rationale for DRM, explain the conflicts between copyright holder and user rights arising from DRM implementation, discuss legislative issues, and suggest alternatives to DRM that might satisfy both parties.