bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A lattice Boltzmann approach to mathematical modeling of myocardial perfusion
Authors: Fučík Radek , Kovář Jan , Škardová Kateřina , Polívka Ondřej , Chabiniok Radomír 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA mathematical model of myocardial perfusion based on the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) is proposed and its applicability is investigated in both healthy and diseased cases. The myocardium is conceptualized as a porous material in which the transport and mass transfer of a contrast agent in blood flow is studied. The results of myocardial perfusion obtained using LBM in 1D and 2D are confronted with previously reported results in the literature and the results obtained using the mixed‐hybrid finite element method. Since LBM is not suitable for simulating flow in heterogeneous porous media, a simplified and computationally efficient 1D‐analog approach to 2D diseased case is proposed and its applicability discussed.
Disentangling Acid‐Base Chemistry through Blue Shifting Hydrogen Bond Contributions
Authors: Kelly John T. , McNamara Louis E. , Gilbraith William E. , Goetzman Chelsea M. , Hoover Megan E. , Lascola Robert J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe blue shifting of vibrational frequencies in hydrogen bonded molecules, as observed in aqueous environments, has been attributed to local partial charge transfer from solvation. Here, we extrapolate the blue shift model to the stronger ionic interactions between hydrogen bond acceptors associated with protonation through augmented pH levels and competitive interactions with counter ion pairing. The chemical model we utilize in this work is the aqueous pyridine‐pyridinium equilibrium to characterize the blue shifts observed in the pyridinium chloride ionic system. The observed agreement between observed experimental and calculated spectral shifts shows that the blue shifting model can be extrapolated to stronger interactions and accurately describe the nature of the hydrogen bond.
Mechanical Interatomic Bond Formation in Ethanol and Methanol–Ethanol Mixture by Laser‐Driven Shock Waves
Authors: Ishikawa Wakako , Sato Shunichi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMolecules, which were predicted to be produced by C−C or C−O bond formation between ethanol molecules induced by a laser‐driven shock wave, were identified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Moreover, the laser irradiation of a methanol–ethanol mixture revealed the formation of C−C and C−O bonds between both components. Particularly, four hemiacetals (methoxymethanol, 1‐methoxyethanol, ethoxymethanol, and 1‐ethoxyethanol) were identified in the Ar‐saturated alcohol samples, whereas acetalization dominated sufficiently in the CO2‐saturated samples, significantly reducing the hemiacetals. It was verified that some molecules were produced by the dropout of an ethanol part during the C−C or C−O bond formation, supporting the contribution of laser‐driven shock waves.
Initiation and Carbene Induced Radical Chain Reactions in CH2F2 Pyrolysis
Authors: Shaik Rizwan A , Jasper Ahren W. , Lynch Patrick T. , Sivaramakrishnan Raghu , Tranter Robert S. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHigh temperature dissociations of organic molecules typically involve a competition between radical and molecular processes. In this work, we use a modeling, experiment, theory (MET) framework to characterize the high temperature thermal dissociation of CH2F2, a flammable hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) that finds widespread use as a refrigerant. Initiation in CH2F2 proceeds via a molecular elimination channel; CH2F2→CHF+HF. Here we show that the subsequent self‐reactions of the singlet carbene, CHF, are fast multichannel processes and a facile source of radicals that initiate rapid chain propagation reactions. These have a marked influence on the decomposition kinetics of CH2F2. The inclusion of these reactions brings the simulations into better agreement with the present and literature experiments. Additionally, flame simulations indicate that inclusion of the CHF+CHF multichannel reaction leads to a noticeable enhancement in predictions of laminar flame speeds, a key parameter that is used to determine the flammability of a refrigerant.
DNA Origami Steganography Based on Photocleavable Oligonucleotides
Authors: Liu Minqian , Hou Xiaoling , Sun Yawei , Liu Huajie 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDNA nanostructures have been regarded as promising platforms for molecular information coding for their high programmability and nanoscale addressability. However, steganography based on DNA nanostructures still needs further investigation. Here, we designed and synthesized a coumarin derivative structure with selective photo responsiveness in the visible light spectrum and developed a DNA origami steganography system that can only be decrypted through specific light exposure conditions. Under right light treatment, the effective cleavage of photoresponsive groups would cause some of the streptavidin binding sites to detach from the origami, thereby allowing the steganographic information to be read correctly.
Scanning Electron Microscopy
Authors: Fischer Elizabeth R. , Hansen Bryan T. , Nair Vinod , Hoyt Forrest H. , Schwartz Cindi L. , Dorward David W. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractScanning electron microscopy (SEM) remains distinct in its ability to allow topographical visualization of structures. Key elements to consider for successful examination of biological specimens include appropriate preparative and imaging techniques. Chemical processing induces structural artifacts during specimen preparation, and several factors need to be considered when selecting fixation protocols to reduce these effects while retaining structures of interest. Particular care for proper dehydration of specimens is essential to minimize shrinkage and is necessary for placement under the high‐vacuum environment required for routine operation of standard SEMs. Choice of substrate for mounting and coating specimens can reduce artifacts known as charging, and a basic understanding of microscope settings can optimize parameters to achieve desired results. This article describes fundamental techniques and tips for routine specimen preparation for a variety of biological specimens, preservation of labile or fragile structures, immune‐labeling strategies, and microscope imaging parameters for optimal examination by SEM. © 2024 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Chemical preparative techniques for preservation of biological specimens for examination by SEMAlternate Protocol 1: Practical considerations for the preparation of soft tissuesAlternate Protocol 2: Removal of debris from the exoskeleton of invertebratesAlternate Protocol 3: Fixation of colonies grown on agar platesAlternate Protocol 4: Stabilization of polysaccharide structures with alcian blue and lysineAlternate Protocol 5: Preparation of non‐adherent particulates in solution for SEMSupport Protocol 1: Application of thin layer of adhesive on substrate to improve adherenceSupport Protocol 2: Poly‐L‐lysine coating specimen substrates for improved adherenceSupport Protocol 3: Microwave processing of biological specimens for examination by SEMBasic Protocol 2: Critical point drying of specimensAlternate Protocol 6: Chemical alternative to critical point dryingBasic Protocol 3: Sputter coatingAlternate Protocol 7: Improved bulk conductivity through “OTOTO”Basic Protocol 4: Immune‐labeling strategiesAlternate Protocol 8: Immune‐labeling internal antigens with small gold probesAlternate protocol 9: Quantum dot or fluoronanogold preparations for correlative techniquesBasic Protocol 5: Exposure of internal structures by mechanical fracturingBasic Protocol 6: Exposure of internal structures of tissues by fracturing with liquid nitrogenBasic Protocol 7: Anaglyph production from stereo pairs to produce 3D images
Confucianism culture and green innovation: Evidence from Chinese industrial firms
Authors: Huang Min , Li Mengyao , Huang Cailing 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study contributes to the existing literature on green innovation by examining the impact of Confucianism culture on green innovation. Drawing on a culture perspective, we argue that Confucianism culture is significantly positively associated with green innovation. Using a sample of Chinese listed firms in the industrial sector from 2007 to 2019, we provide strong evidence to show that corporate green innovation projects are significantly more prevalent for firms surrounded by a strong Confucianism atmosphere compared to those in a weak Confucianism atmosphere. Additionally, we investigate the mediating roles of CEO myopia and employee‐related CSR, revealing that Confucianism culture, through both CEO myopia and employee‐related CSR mechanisms, influences green innovation. Our study contributes to the extant literature by shedding light into the black box of the positive role of Confucianism in green behavior.
Fuzzy logic with honey badger algorithm for cluster‐based multi‐hop routing protocol for wireless sensor networks
Authors: Soundararajan Sankaranarayanan , Kurangi Chinnarao , Basha Anwer , Ahamed Saahira banu 
Published: May 2024

SummaryIn the last decades, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have appeared as an active research area owing to their high applicability in different application areas like healthcare, automation, and the military. Several issues have been encountered in the WSNs, including energy consumption, deployment of sensor nodes, routing algorithms, energy efficiency, cluster head (CH) selection, and robustness. Cluster‐based routing is one of the energy‐efficient solutions in the WSN. At the same time, the hot spot problem remains a challenging problem, which needs to be addressed in the design of energy‐efficient solutions for WSNs. Motivated by the abovementioned discussion, c The comprehensive comparison study pointed out the betterment of the FLHBA‐CMHR technique in terms of different measures. The FLHBA‐CMHR technique obtains a maximum half‐node die (HND) of 1629 nodes, while the LEACH, FUCA, URBD, DEFL, and E‐FUCA techniques attain decreased HND of 793, 1085, 1092, 1139, and 1344 nodes correspondingly.
Association between physical activity and allostatic load among pregnant women
Authors: Bu Sisi , Yuan Dehui , Wang Minghuan , Yu Min , Yu Qiaozhi , Yang Fangfang , Gao Zhuo , Li Yuhong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAllostatic load (AL) in pregnant women is associated with maternal and infant health outcomes. Whether physical activity (PA) is a modifiable factor associated with AL during pregnancy is unknown. In this cross‐sectional study, including 725 pregnant women in 3 different trimesters, 8 biomarkers were included, and the high‐risk quartile approach based on sample distribution was used to construct AL index (ALI). ALI <2 was defined as a low level and ≥2 as a high level. Student's t‐test or Mann–Whitney U test and chi‐squared test or Fisher exact test were used to compare differences in AL with different demographic characteristics among pregnant women. The relationship between PA and AL in pregnant women was analyzed using a binary logistic regression model. The results show that the detection rate of high‐risk AL during pregnancy was 47.3%. In the adjusted model, sufficient PA was related to a lower AL than insufficient PA (OR = .693, 95%CI:.494,.971; p = .033). Compared with low‐ and high‐intensity PAs, moderate‐intensity PA was associated with lower AL (OR = .645, 95%CI:.447,.930; p = .019). The results suggest that PA is a modifiable factor related to AL, and intervention is recommended to be carried out in the first trimester to prevent the increased likelihood of high AL as pregnancy progresses. In addition, health care personnel should encourage pregnant women to participate in PA, especially moderate‐intensity PA, in order to obtain lower AL and promote maternal and child health.
Depressive symptoms are associated with clinical outcomes in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Sherwood Andrew , Blumenthal James A. , Mentz Robert J. , Koch Gary G. , Rogers Joseph G. , Chang Patricia P. , Chien Christopher , Adams Kirkwood F. , Rose‐Jones Lisa J. , Jensen Brian C. , Donahue Mark , Johnson Kristy S. , Hinderliter Alan L. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimsThe objective of this study was to examine associations between elevated depressive symptoms and increased risk of adverse clinical events patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), as well as the potential contribution of health behaviours.Methods and resultsOne hundred forty‐two men and women with HFrEF were enrolled through heart failure (HF) clinics and followed over time. At baseline and 6 months, depressive symptoms were assessed by the Beck Depression Inventory‐II (BDI‐II) and HFrEF disease activity by B‐type natriuretic peptide (BNP). The Self‐Care of Heart Failure Index (SCHFI) was used to assess HF self‐care behaviours. Proportional hazards regression models assessed the contribution of depressive symptoms and HFrEF disease biomarkers on death or cardiovascular hospitalization. Over a median follow‐up period of 4 years, 42 patients (30%) died, and 84 (60%) had cardiovascular hospitalizations. A 10‐point higher baseline BDI‐II score was associated with a 35% greater risk of death or cardiovascular hospitalization. Higher baseline BDI‐II scores were associated with poorer HF self‐care maintenance behaviours (R = −0.30, P < 0.001) and fewer daily steps (R = −0.19, P = 0.04), suggesting that elevated depressive symptoms may diminish important health behaviours. Increases in plasma BNP over 6 months were associated with worse outcomes. Changes in BDI‐II and plasma BNP over 6 months were positively related (R = 0.25, P = 0.004).ConclusionsThis study confirms that elevated depressive symptoms are associated with an increased likelihood of adverse clinical outcomes in patients with HFrEF. Poor health behaviours may contribute to the adverse association of elevated depressive symptoms with the increased hazard of adverse clinical outcomes.
Reinforcement learning based blockchain model for revoking unauthorized access in Virtualized Network Functions‐based Internet of Things Mobile Edge Computing
Authors: Kalaivani C. T. , Renugadevi R. , Gracewell Jeffin , Arul Edwin Raj A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractVNFs boost data processing efficiency in Mobile Edge Computing (MEC)‐driven Internet of Things (IoT) for healthcare, smart cities, and industrial automation. VNF‐based IoT MEC systems encounter a significant security threat due to unauthorized access, posing risks to data privacy and system integrity. Existing approaches struggle to adapt to dynamic environments and lack tamper‐proof enforcement mechanisms. In this work, we propose a novel system combining Reinforcement Learning (RL) and blockchain technology to revoke unauthorized access in VNF‐based IoT MEC. We introduce the Integrated Action‐selection DRL Algorithm for Unauthorized Access Revocation (IASDRL‐UAR), a novel RL approach that excels in dynamic environments by handling both continuous and discrete actions, enabling real‐time optimization of security risk, execution time, and energy consumption. A behavior control contract (BCC) is proposed and integrated into the RL system, automating behavior checks and enforcement, streamlining security management, and reducing manual intervention. RL feedback plays a pivotal role in steering dynamic security adjustments, gaining valuable perspectives from user behavior via trust scores in the behavior contract. The security features of the proposed method are analyzed. Performance comparisons reveal a substantial improvement, with the proposed system outperforming existing methods by 30% in terms of throughput, 21.7% in system stability, and 26% in access revocation latency. Additionally, the system demonstrates a higher security index, energy efficiency, and scalability.
Evolving photonic authentication with sustainable luminescent smart e‐tags
Authors: Dias Lília M. S. , Fu Lianshe , Pereira R. F. P. , Carneiro Neto Albano N. , Bermudez V. de Zea , André P. S. , Ferreira Rute A. S. 
Published: May 2024

AbstactCounterfeiting remains a significant threat, causing economic and safety concerns. Addressing this, authentication technologies have gained traction. With the rise of the Internet of Things, authentication is crucial. Photonic Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) offer unique identifiers. We present low‐cost and sustainable e‐tags that may be printed virtually on any surface for authentication due to the bespoke texturization of sustainable inks of surface‐modified carbon dots. A single e‐tag provides randomized phosphorescence (or afterglow) patterns, which provide multiple layers of safety by exploiting different patterning, excitation energies, and temporal characteristics. A comprehensive case study employing photonic challenge‐response pairs, involving a sample size of up to 29 emission spectra in combination with 102 photographs taken with a smartphone, displays a low authentication probability of error (<10−11), which supports the potential of our combined approach toward the development of more robust photonic PUF systems.
Approximate closed‐form solution of free convection flow past a vertical cone
Authors: Khan Sajid , Zulifqar Zeshan , Ashraf Muhammad , Qadeer Asma 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a technique to find the closed‐form solution of the boundary‐value problem representing free convection flow past a vertical cone. Partial differential equations that govern the flow are converted into nonlinear ordinary differential equations with the aid of similarity transformations. First, a numerical solution is obtained with the help of the bvp4c package of MATLAB, and then utilizing the numerical solution, the closed‐form solution is obtained. The accuracy of the closed‐form solution is analyzed by the residual technique. Graphs of the residuals of the governing equations indicate that our approximate closed‐form solution closely matches the exact solution.
A new evaluation system for drug–microbiota interactions
Authors: Liu Tian‐Hao , Zhang Chen‐Yang , Zhang Hang , Jin Jing , Li Xue , Liang Shi‐Qiang , Xue Yu‐Zheng , Yuan Feng‐Lai , Zhou Ya‐Hong , Bian Xiu‐Wu , Wei Hong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe drug response phenotype is determined by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. The high clinical conversion failure rate of gene‐targeted drugs might be attributed to the lack of emphasis on environmental factors and the inherent individual variability in drug response (IVDR). Current evidence suggests that environmental variables, rather than the disease itself, are the primary determinants of both gut microbiota composition and drug metabolism. Additionally, individual differences in gut microbiota create a unique metabolic environment that influences the in vivo processes underlying drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME). Here, we discuss how gut microbiota, shaped by both genetic and environmental factors, affects the host's ADME microenvironment within a new evaluation system for drug–microbiota interactions. Furthermore, we propose a new top‐down research approach to investigate the intricate nature of drug–microbiota interactions in vivo. This approach utilizes germ‐free animal models, providing foundation for the development of a new evaluation system for drug–microbiota interactions.
Estimating yield stability and predicting the response of sesame genotypes to climate change using the SALTMED model
Authors: Mehanna Hani , Saber Ayman , Samaha Ghada , El‐Aziz Mahmod Abd , Ragab Ragab 
Published: May 2024

AbstractClimate change (CC) could lead to many crises. Therefore, increasing the number of cultivated varieties represents a low‐cost factor in confronting this problem. The effect of the genotype × environment (G × E) interaction on yield stability was estimated for 28 new sesame lines in the Beni Suwef, El‐Beheira and El‐Menoufia governorates in Egypt across 15 environments from 2019 to 2022 using AMMI analysis. The SALTMED model was used to predict the yield of sesame plants under five increasing air temperature scenarios (CC factor) to obtain future projections of sesame yield to determine the lines that are most genetically stable and facing CC. Variance analysis revealed significant differences in yield between the G and E groups and between the G × E interaction group. Fifteen genotypes yielded better control, and C6.4, C5.8 and C9.6 were selected as genetically stable according to AMMI analysis. The SALTMED model predicted that the yields of lines C3.8 and C6.2 were not affected under the high‐temperature scenarios across the three governorates, moreover lines C1.8, C2.3, and, C6.12 productions were not affected under Beni Suwef and El‐Beheira governorates. of lines C1.8, C2.3 and C6.12 were also not affected by the Beni Suwef or El‐Beheira governorates. It is now possible to establish a hybridization programme in sesame that combines parents with high productivity and high resilience to CC.
The cellular localization and oncogenic or tumor suppressive effects of angiomiotin‐like protein 2 in tumor and normal cells
Authors: Wang Huizhen , Li Jing , Yu Kexun , Lu Yida , Ma Mengdi , Li Yongxiang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAngiomiotin (AMOT) family comprises three members: AMOT, AMOT‐like protein 1 (AMOTL1), and AMOT‐like protein 2 (AMOTL2). AMOTL2 is widely expressed in endothelial cells, epithelial cells, and various cancer cells. Specifically, AMOTL2 predominantly localizes in the cytoplasm and nucleus in human normal cells, whereas associates with cell–cell junctions and actin cytoskeleton in non‐human cells, and locates at cell junctions or within the recycling endosomes in cancer cells. AMOTL2 is implicated in regulation of tube formation, cell polarity, and shape, although the specific impact on tumorigenesis remains to be conclusively determined. It has been shown that AMOTL2 enhances tumor growth and metastasis in pancreatic, breast, and colon cancer, however inhibits cell proliferation and migration in lung, hepatocellular cancer, and glioblastoma. In addition to its role in cell shape and cytoskeletal dynamics through co‐localization with F‐actin, AMOTL2 modulates the transcription of Yes‐associated protein (YAP) by binding to it, thereby affecting its phosphorylation and cellular sequestration. Furthermore, the stability and cellular localization of AMOTL2, influenced by its phosphorylation and ubiquitination mediated by specific proteins, affects its cellular function. Additionally, we observe that AMOTL2 is predominantly downregulated in some tumors, but significantly elevated in colorectal adenocarcinoma (COAD). Moreover, overall analysis, GSEA and ROC curve analysis indicate that AMOTL2 exerts as an oncogenic protein in COAD by modulating Wnt pathway, participating in synthesis of collagen formation, and interacting with extracellular matrix receptor. In addition, AMOTL2 potentially regulates the distribution of immune cells infiltration in COAD. In summary, AMOTL2 probably functions as an oncogene in COAD. Consequently, further in‐depth mechanistic research is required to elucidate the precise roles of AMOTL2 in various cancers.