bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The non-inferiority efficacy of Piperonyl-butoxide Yorkool® G3 Insecticide treated nets in the experimental huts in Tanzania
Authors: Odufuwa Olukayode G. , Maasayi Masudi Suleiman , Mbuba Emmanuel , Ntabaliba Watson , Philipo Rose , Ngonyani Safina , Mpelepele Ahmadi Bakari , Matanila Isaya , Ngonyani Hassan , Ligema Godfrey , Moore Jason , Mlacha Yeromin P , Stevenson Jennifer C , Moore Sarah Jane 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Non-inferiority trials are recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) to demonstrate that health products show comparable efficacy. As part of the WHO Global Malaria Programme (GMP) process of assessment of malaria vector control products, a second-in-class insecticide treated net (ITN) must be shown to be non-inferior to a first-in-class product based on mosquito mortality. The public health impact of the first-in-class pyrethroid-piperonyl butoxide (PBO) ITN, Olyset® Plus, has been demonstrated in epidemiological trials in areas with insecticide-resistant mosquitoes, but there is need to determine the efficacy of other pyrethroid-PBO nets to ensure timely market availability of nets and so to increase access to ITNs. The non-inferiority of a deltamethrin-PBO ITN Yorkool® G3 was evaluated entomologically against Olyset® Plus in experimental huts in Tanzania, following WHO guidelines for non-inferiority trials.
Method
The trial of the two pyrethroid-PBO ITNs was conducted in experimental huts in Lupiro, Tanzania, using a randomised double-blind 7 x 7 Latin Square block design. The study ran for 49 nights in 14 huts assessing the mosquito mortality and blood feeding of wild free-flying resistant Anopheles arabiensis. Using the non-inferiority approach, the efficacy (mosquito mortality at 24 hours and blood feeding) of unwashed and 20 times field-washed pyrethroid-PBO Yorkool® G3 ITNs, were compared with the first-in-class product Olyset® Plus and against a pyrethroid-only ITN, PermaNet® 2.0 ITNs, as a standard comparator.
Results
The experimental hut trial demonstrated the non-inferiority of Yorkool® G3 to Olyset® Plus based on mortality [51% vs 39%, respectively, OR 1.68 (95% CI: 1.50–1.88)], given that lower 95% CI exceeded 0.74 (delta of 39%). Blood feeding inhibition was high for all treated ITNs (> 90%). The pyrethroid-PBO ITNs were superior to the pyrethroid-only net, PermaNet® 2.0, as determined by both the proportion of mortality and blood feeding of mosquitoes (p-value < 0.05).
Conclusion
Yorkool® G3 ITNs demonstrated non-inferiority to the first-in-class Olyset Plus and superiority over the standard pyrethroid-only ITN, PermaNet® 2.0 as measured by mortality and blood feeding inhibition of wild insecticide resistant An. arabiensis mosquitoes. Yorkool® G3 ITNs are therefore potential tools for the control of metabolic insecticide resistant malaria vectors.
Smart Physicochemical-triggered Chitosan-based Nanogels for
siRNA Delivery and Gene Therapy: A Focus on Emerging Strategies
and Paradigms for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Naghib Seyed Morteza , Ahmadi Bahar , Mozafari M. R. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract::
Cancer therapy has seen significant advancements in recent years, with the
emergence of RNA interference (RNAi) as a promising strategy for targeted gene silencing.
However, the successful delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) to cancer cells
remains a challenge. Chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) can be derived from the natural
polysaccharide chitin sources. CSNPs have gained considerable attention as a potential
solution to encapsulate siRNA due to their biocompatibility, and biodegradability. This
article explores the application of CSNPs for siRNA delivery in cancer therapy. Firstly,
it discusses the significance of siRNA in gene regulation and highlights its potential to
selectively silence oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes, making it a powerful tool in
cancer treatment. The obstacles associated with effective siRNA delivery, such as degradation
by nucleases and poor cellular uptake, are also addressed. Next, the focus shifts
to the unique properties of CSNPs that make them attractive for siRNA delivery. The discussion
revolves around how chitosan can interact electrostatically with siRNA to create
stable complexes, as well as the controlled release of siRNA from CSNPs. This controlled
release ensures sustained and efficient delivery of siRNA to cancer cells, maximizing
therapeutic efficacy. Moreover, the biocompatibility and biodegradability of CSNPs
make them ideal for in vivo applications. Different approaches to modifying and
functionalizing surfaces are investigated by emphasizing on enhancement of stability
and targeting abilities of CSNPs in cancer treatment. Registered trials for CS and siRNA
are summarized, along with ongoing investigations into various applications of chitosan
in medical treatments. Overall, the application of CSNPs in siRNA delivery for cancer
therapy holds great promise and offers a potential solution to overcome the challenges
associated with RNAi-based treatments. Continued advancements in this field will likely
lead to improved targeted therapies with reduced side effects, ultimately benefitting cancer
patients worldwide.
Relationship between Cellular Oxygen Consumption and Atherosclerosis-Associated Mitochondrial Mutations (Variants of the Mitochondrial Genome)
Authors: Orekhov Alexander N. , Sinyov Vasily V. , Vyssokikh Mikhail Y. , Manukhova Ludmila , Marey Maria V. , Angelova Plamena R. , Omelchenko Andrey V. , Vinokurov Andrey Y. , Khasanova Zukhra B. , Sobenin Igor A. 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Mitochondria are the main sites of cellular aerobic energy production
through conjugation of respiration and oxidative phosphorylation. We have recently
discovered mutations (genome variants) of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) associated
with atherosclerosis. We have then investigated the possible mechanisms underlying
such association and the role of mitochondrial mutations in atherogenesis. Mitochondrial
dysfunction is a known component of the pathogenesis of chronic human diseases,
including atherosclerosis.

Objective:
The aim of the study was to explore whether there is a relationship between
cellular oxygen consumption and atherosclerosis-associated mitochondrial mutations.
The study of mitochondrial respiration abnormalities can help to understand the role of
mtDNA mutations in pathology.

Method:
By using the polarographic method with Clark electrode, we tested the possibility
of respiration impairment in permeabilized cells carrying the tested mtDNA variants
using the cybrid (cytoplasmic hybrid) lines. Mitochondria introduced in the cybrid lines
were obtained from atherosclerotic patients that differed in the profile of mtDNA mutations,
which made it possible to compare the degree of mtDNA mutation load with the
rate of oxygen consumption by cybrid cells.

Results:
It was found that three of the studied mutations were individually associated
with impaired respiration. Besides, some combinations of two specific mutations have a
high probability of being associated with altered oxygen consumption. As a result, eight
mutations were identified, individually or paired combinations of which were associated
with high or low rates of cellular respiration, significantly different from control cells.

Conclusion:
The observed effect may be involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
The study of mtDNA mutations associated with atherosclerosis can help reveal pharmacological
targets for the development of novel therapies.
Early-onset or Premature Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Manolis Antonis A. , Manolis Theodora A. , Manolis Antonis S. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract:
The aim of this review was to examine the literature regarding younger individuals
without classical risk factors for atherosclerosis who develop coronary artery disease
(CAD) prematurely at an early age. An extensive literature review was undertaken
in Pubmed, Scopus, and Google Scholar regarding early-onset or premature atherosclerosis,
CAD, its diagnosis, management, and prophylaxis. There are individuals of both genders,
particularly in the younger age group of 20-40 years of age, who lack the traditional/
classical risk factors and still develop CAD and other manifestations of atherosclerosis.
Even the 10-year age gap in manifesting CAD that is noted between women and
men ascribable to a cardioprotective effect of sex hormones may not be noted under these
circumstances. This indicates that the risk profile differs in young patients with nonclassical
atherosclerotic risk factors, and factors such as genetics, inflammation, thrombosis,
psychosocial, environmental, and other parameters play an important role in
atherosclerosis and other mechanisms that lead to CAD in younger individuals. These patients
are at risk of major adverse cardiac events, which determine their prognosis. Unfortunately,
current major guidelines do not acknowledge that many patients who manifest
premature CAD are at high risk, and as a consequence, many of these patients may
not be receiving guideline-directed hypolipidemic and other therapies before they present
with symptoms of CAD. Caretakers need to be more vigilant in offering efficacious
screening and strategies of prevention for early-onset or premature CAD to younger individuals.
Efficacy of eHealth Versus In-Person Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Equivalence
Authors: Knutzen Sofie Møgelberg , Christensen Dinne Skjærlund , Cairns Patrick , Damholdt Malene Flensborg , Amidi Ali , Zachariae Robert 
Published: June 2024

Background
Insomnia is a prevalent condition with significant health, societal, and economic impacts. Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBTI) is recommended as the first-line treatment. With limited accessibility to in-person–delivered CBTI (ipCBTI), electronically delivered eHealth CBTI (eCBTI), ranging from telephone- and videoconference-delivered interventions to fully automated web-based programs and mobile apps, has emerged as an alternative. However, the relative efficacy of eCBTI compared to ipCBTI has not been conclusively determined.

Objective
This study aims to test the comparability of eCBTI and ipCBTI through a systematic review and meta-analysis of equivalence based on randomized controlled trials directly comparing the 2 delivery formats.

Methods
A comprehensive search across multiple databases was conducted, leading to the identification and analysis of 15 unique randomized head-to-head comparisons of ipCBTI and eCBTI. Data on sleep and nonsleep outcomes were extracted and subjected to both conventional meta-analytical methods and equivalence testing based on predetermined equivalence margins derived from previously suggested minimal important differences. Supplementary Bayesian analyses were conducted to determine the strength of the available evidence.

Results
The meta-analysis included 15 studies with a total of 1083 participants. Conventional comparisons generally favored ipCBTI. However, the effect sizes were small, and the 2 delivery formats were statistically significantly equivalent (P<.05) for most sleep and nonsleep outcomes. Additional within-group analyses showed that both formats led to statistically significant improvements (P<.05) in insomnia severity; sleep quality; and secondary outcomes such as fatigue, anxiety, and depression. Heterogeneity analyses highlighted the role of treatment duration and dropout rates as potential moderators of the differences in treatment efficacy.

Conclusions
eCBTI and ipCBTI were found to be statistically significantly equivalent for treating insomnia for most examined outcomes, indicating eCBTI as a clinically relevant alternative to ipCBTI. This supports the expansion of eCBTI as a viable option to increase accessibility to effective insomnia treatment. Nonetheless, further research is needed to address the limitations noted, including the high risk of bias in some studies and the potential impact of treatment duration and dropout rates on efficacy.

Trial Registration
PROSPERO CRD42023390811; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=390811
A cross-sectional survey on the Awareness of Waste Management Practices Among Dental Practitioners in Dental Clinic in Enugu Metropolis
Authors: Ngwu Justina Nnenna , Moneth Ezeh Chinonyelum , Chukwu Ezinwanne Blessing , Aduaka Oluchukwu Stella , Peter Ikemesit Udeme 
Published: June 2024

This study was undertaken to examine the level of awareness of waste management practices among dental practitioners at dental clinic in Enugu metropolis. A total of forty-five (45) dental practitioners involved in the study were provided with a self-administered questionnaire comprising the source of dental waste management awareness, knowledge attitude, and practices on dental waste. The investigation showed that the main source of dental waste management was through training/conference 82.2%. Exactly 71.1% of the practitioners were aware of the guideline laid down by the government for BMW disposal while 6.7% were unaware. The majority of the practitioners 82.2 % were aware of different colored bags used to dispose of different types of waste while 11.1 % and 6.7 % of the respondent tick ‘No’ and ‘Don’t know’ respectively. Only 15.5% knew that pyrolysis is an environmentally friendly technology that converts organic waste to commercially useful by-products, while 11.1% knew that thermoplastics in dentistry cannot be reused and not biodegradable. Few practitioners are aware of the type of incinerator present in their dental clinic 31.1%. However, dental nursing had a higher level of awareness 75.0% over other cadres. Also, the gender variable was not significantly related to the level of awareness (p = .903). Nevertheless, the female’s counterpart had a higher level of awareness 33.3 % than the male’s counterpart 31.6%. The overall level of awareness of the safe management of dental waste accounted for 31.1% of the respondents. Our findings showed that there was a low level of awareness of dental waste management among the studied population. Nevertheless, it is important to provide a guide for policies and legislation. This is evident from the fact that it is the knowledge of what specifically constitutes waste and the categories of waste that determine how wastes are dealt with or managed. This knowledge is crucial for properly disposing of dental materials, recovering resources, and assessing technical and environmental implications. Moreover, waste management techniques ought to be a regular topic of discussion in training and Continuing Professional Development (CPD) courses.
Keywords: Dental practitioners, waste, management, Practices
Gambaran Pelaksanaan Discharge Planning di Ruang Perawatan Jantung
Authors: Oktarina Yosi , Nurhusna Nurhusna , Subandi Andi 
Published: June 2024

Coronary heart disease (CHD) patients are vulnerable to rehospitalization. One of the reasons for the high rehospitalization rate in CHD patients is the implementation of inadequate discharge planning. The aim of this research is to find out an overview of the implementation of discharge planning in the cardiac inpatient room. This research was a descriptive analytical research with a survey design. The sample in this study was patients with coronary heart disease. The sampling technique used was convenience sampling. The sample size in this study was 67 people. The research used a discharge planning implementation questionnaire. Data were analyzed using quantitative descriptives presented in the form of frequencies and percentages. The results showed that the implementation of discharge planning in the fair category was 35.82%, good 31,34%, poor 23,88%, and very good 8,96%. Therefore, it is hoped that the implementation of discharge planning in the room can be improved through the availability of operational procedural standards regarding the implementation of structured and planned discharge planning so that the implementation of discharge planning in the room becomes more optimal.
Abstrak
Pasien penyakit jantung koroner (PJK) rentan mengalami rehosipitalisasi. Tingginya angka rehospitalisasi pada pasien PJK salah satunya dipengaruhi oleh pelaksanaan discharge planning yang tidak adekuat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui gambaran pelaksanaan discharge planning di ruang perawatan jantung. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan desain survey. Sampel dalam penelitian ini yaitu pasien dengan penyakit jantung koroner. Teknik sampling yang digunakan yaitu convenience sampling. Besar sampel dalam penelitian ini yaitu 67 orang. Penelitian menggunakan kuesioner pelaksanaan discharge planning. Data dianalisis menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif yang disajikan dalam bentuk frekuensi dan persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pelaksanaan discharge planning dalam kategori cukup sebesar 35,82%, baik 31,34%, kurang baik 23,88%, dan sangat baik 8,96%. Oleh karena itu, diharapkan pelaksanaan discharge planning di ruangan tersebut dapat ditingkatkan melalui tersedianya standar prosedural operasional mengenai penerapan discharge planning yang terstruktur dan terencana sehingga pelaksanaan discharge planning di ruangan menjadi lebih optimal.
Kata kunci: discharge planning, penyakit jantung koroner, rehospitalisasi
The Implementation of AI and Immersive Technology in E-Commerce: The Role of Customer Engagement as a Mediating Variable
Authors: Aliyah Kisti Nur , Rizqiana Zulfanita Dien 
Published: June 2024

The headway of information and communication technology has led to significant changes in various industries, particularly in e-commerce. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and immersive technologies such as augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) has created new opportunities for e-commerce to improve customer experiences.
This study analyzes the effects of implementing AI and immersive technology in e-commerce, focusing on customer engagement as a mediating factor. A sample of 99 participants was examined and analyzed using PLS-SEM by SmartPLS 4 software, and the findings indicate that AI and immersive technology have a positive, significant impact on online purchase intention. Customer engagement cannot mediate the relationship between artificial intelligence and online purchase intention. However, it does mediate the relationship between immersive technology and online purchase intention.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence; Immersive technology; Customer Engagement; Purchase Intention; e-commerce
UJI SIFAT CAMPURAN HERBISIDA 2,4-D DIMETIL AMINA DAN ISOPROPILAMINA GLIFOSAT TERHADAP GULMA Cyperus kyllingia, Borreria alata, DAN Axonopus compressus
Authors: Andini Fairuz Diva , Pujisiswanto Hidayat , Susanto Herry , Sriyani Nanik , Sembodo Dad R. J. 
Published: June 2024

Pencampuran herbisida bertujuan untuk memperluas spektrum pengendalian gulma, meningkatkan efektivitas herbisida, dan mengurangi biaya pengendalian. Herbisida campuran dengan dua atau lebih jenis bahan aktif akan menunjukkan interaksi antara satu bahan aktif dengan bahan yang lain. Interaksi yang dihasilkan yaitu bersifat sinergis, antagonis, atau aditif. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menguji sifat campuran herbisida berbahan aktif 2,4-D dimetil amina dan isopropilamina glifosat yang diaplikasikan terhadap gulma Cyperus kyllingia, Borreria alata, dan Axonopus compressus. Penelitian dilakukan di rumah kaca Lapangan Terpadu dan laboratorium Ilmu Gulma Universitas Lampung, mulai bulan Desember 2020 sampai Februari 2021. Penelitian disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK), dengan perlakuan herbisida tunggal 2,4-D dimetil amina 100 g/l (25, 50, 100, 200 g/ha), isopropilamina glifosat 300 g/l (75, 150, 300, 600 g/ha), campuran herbisida 2,4-D dimetil amina 100 g/l + isopropilamina glifosat 300 g/l (50, 100, 200, 400 g/ha), dan tanpa perlakuan herbisida (kontrol) dengan 6 ulangan. Gulma uji terdiri dari tiga golongan yang berbeda yaitu golongan teki (C. kyllingia), golongan daun lebar (B. alata), dan golongan rumput (A. compressus). Analisis aktivitas herbisida campuran dilakukan dengan metode MSM untuk menentukan LD50 perlakuan dan harapan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa campuran dua bahan aktif herbisida 2,4-D dimetil amina 100g/l + isopropilamina glifosat 300 g/l memiliki nilai LD50 perlakuan sebesar 11,00 g/ha lebih kecil dari nilai LD50 harapan sebesar 15,40 g/ha dan nilai ko-toksisitas sebesar 1,4 (>1), sehingga pencampuran herbisida berbahan aktif 2,4-D dimetil amina + isopropilamina glifosat bersifat sinergis.
PENGARUH WARNA Zinnia sp. TERHADAP KETERTARIKAN PREDATOR COCCINELLIDAE UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN KUTU KEBUL (Bemisia tabaci Genn.) PADA TANAMAN CABAI MERAH
Authors: Pramaisshela Cintya Kintan , Tri Haryadi Nanang 
Published: June 2024

Cabai merah (Capsicum annuum L.) salah satu tanaman dari komoditas hortikultura yang tidak luput dari serangan hama kutu kebul (Bemisia tabaci). Pengendalian hama secara terpadu dengan memanfaatkan tanaman refugia mampu mendatangkan musuh alami termasuk serangga predator famili Cocinellidae. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh antara ketertarikan predator Coccinellidae dalam pengendalian kutu kebul pada pertanaman cabai merah dengan penanaman refugia berbeda warna, mengingat musuh alami tertarik dengan tanaman refugia yang memiliki warna yang mencolok dengan bunga yang berukuran besar atau kecil yang biasanya terdapat pada famili Asteraceae dengan salah satu tanamannya yaitu Zinnia sp., diketahui bahwa predator Coccinellidae berasosiasi dengan Zinnia sp. selain itu juga predator Coccinellidae merupakan musuh alami dari hama kutu kebul. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan April 2021 hingga Agustus 2021 di Desa Sambi, Kabupaten Sragen, Jawa tengah. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan percobaan yang dilakukan dalam penelitian adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) non faktorial yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan yaitu: P0 (Cabai merah), P1 (Cabai merah+Zinnia sp. kuning), P2 (Cabai merah+Zinnia sp. merah), P3 (Cabai merah+Zinnia sp. pink). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan penanaman cabai merah dengan Zinnia sp. kuning (P1) memberikan hasil terbaik terhadap populasi predator Coccinellidae sebanyak 118 ekor. Spesies predator Coccinellidae yang ditemukan, yaitu Menochilus sexmaculatus, Coccinella transversalis, Coelophora inaequalis, dan Verania lineata. Populasi hama kutu kebul berkorelasi dengan intensitas serangannya. Perlakuan penanaman Zinnia sp. warna kuning dengan cabai merah menunjukkan hasil terendah dengan populasi sebanyak 21 ekor dengan intensitas sebesar 133,33%. Kata kunci: Kutu kebul, Coccinellidae, Zinnia sp., Cabai merah