bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychometric validation of the Positive Drinking Consequences Questionnaire in adolescents
Authors: Lee Mingyeong , Schillinger Emma S. , Zaso Michelle J. , Park Aesoon , Kim Jueun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe Positive Drinking Consequences Questionnaire (PDCQ) was developed to measure positive consequences of alcohol use endorsed by college drinkers. Efforts to assess positive drinking consequences experienced by adolescents have been much more limited. The aim of the present study was to advance the psychometric testing and evaluation of the factor structure of the PDCQ in adolescents.MethodsThe current sample consisted of 173 adolescents at T1 (mean age = 15 years, range = 13–17; 61% female) who reported alcohol use in the past 12 months. Data were collected at two time points over a 12‐month interval in the United States. Confirmatory factor analyses, internal consistency, test–retest reliability, and discriminant, concurrent, predictive, and incremental validity were tested.ResultsOur analyses supported four factors of positive alcohol‐related consequences: sociability, liquid courage, sexual enhancement, and tension reduction. Internal consistency was moderate to high (α = 0.78–0.94, ω = 0.86–0.91 at T1; α = 0.59–0.93, ω = 0.85–0.93 at T2). Test–retest reliability was fair to good (ICC = 0.46–0.55). The PDCQ total and subscale factor scores demonstrated discriminant validity from negative alcohol expectancy. PDCQ total and subscale factor scores were positively associated with current alcohol consumption (ρs = 0.19–0.50 at T1; ρs = 0.17–0.46 at T2), indicating concurrent validity. Predictive validity analyses showed that the overall PDCQ scale score and the sociability subscale positively predicted maximum drinks 1 year later (ρs = 0.18–0.22). However, the sexual enhancement subscale was negatively predictive of typical drinking frequency 1 year later. Finally, the PDCQ showed incremental validity for concurrent alcohol consumption beyond that for alcohol expectancies and drinking motives.ConclusionThe present findings support for the reliability and validity of PDCQ for use in adolescents where it may have utility as an assessment tool for characterizing various aspects of positive drinking.
Volumetric study on sheep brain using stereology technique
Authors: Sadeghinezhad Javad , Ebrahimi Mohamad , Lehi Mehdi Heydari 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThree‐dimensional morphometric data better show the structural and functional characteristics of the brain. The objective of this study was to estimate the volume of the cerebral structures of the sheep using design‐based stereology. The brains of five sheep were used, fixed in formalin 10% and embedded in agar 6%. An average of 10–12 slab was obtained from each brain. All slabs were stained using Mulligan's method and photographs were recorded. The volume of the brain and its structures were estimated using the Cavalieri's estimator and the point counting system. The total volume was 70604.8 ± 132.45 mm3. The volume fractions of the grey and white matters were calculated as 42.55 ± 0.21% and 24.23 ± 0.51% of the whole brain, respectively. The fractional volume of the caudate nucleus and claustrum were estimated at 2.39 ± 0.08% and at 1.008 ± 0.057% of total brain volume. The volumes of corpus callosum, internal capsule and external capsule were 1.24 ± 0.053%, 3.63 ± 0.22% and 0.698 ± 0.049% of total cerebral volume, respectively. These data could help improve the veterinary comparative neuroanatomy knowledge and development of experimental studies in the field.
Letter: Breaking new ground—Understanding the role of ATI‐free diet in managing MASLD
Authors: Spertino Matteo , Roberta Elisa Rossi , Pugliese Nicola 
Published: June 2024

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Armandi et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17941 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.18119
Short stature and dysmorphic features in Asian Indian siblings with DAAM2‐associated steroid‐resistant nephrotic syndrome: Expansion of the phenotypic spectrum or a blended phenotype?
Authors: Pragna Lakshmi T. , Saini Neelam , Shah Mehul A. , Gowrishankar Swarnalata , Dalal Ashwin , Ranganath Prajnya 
Published: June 2024

AbstractVariants in more than 60 different genes, most of which code for podocyte‐related proteins, have been found to be associated with monogenic forms of nephrotic syndrome (NS). Biallelic variants in DAAM2, a member of the formin family, were recently identified to cause autosomal recessive (AR) NS type 24 in four unrelated families with steroid‐resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS). This case report represents only the fifth reported family of DAAM2‐associated NS and the first from India, with two sibs who presented with a complex phenotype characterized by steroid‐resistant nephrotic syndrome, short stature, dysmorphic facial features, deep‐set toenails, myopia, increased thickness of the calvarium of the skull, and sloping ribs. Both sibs were found to have a homozygous likely pathogenic nonsense variant c.196C>T (p.Arg66Ter; NM_001201427.2) in exon 3 of the DAAM2 gene through whole exome sequencing. The dysmorphic features could possibly be part of the DAAM2‐related phenotype which has hitherto not been reported or could represent a blended phenotype, with the extrarenal manifestations resulting from a yet to be identified coexisting genetic condition.
Scoping review of clinical decision support systems for multiple sclerosis management: Leveraging information technology and massive health data
Authors: Demuth Stanislas , Ed‐Driouch Chadia , Dumas Cédric , Laplaud David , Edan Gilles , Vince Nicolas , De Sèze Jérôme , Gourraud Pierre‐Antoine 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and purposeMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, with numerous therapeutic options, but a lack of biomarkers to support a mechanistic approach to precision medicine. A computational approach to precision medicine could proceed from clinical decision support systems (CDSSs). They are digital tools aiming to empower physicians through the clinical applications of information technology and massive data. However, the process of their clinical development is still maturing; we aimed to review it in the field of MS.MethodsFor this scoping review, we screened systematically the PubMed database. We identified 24 articles reporting 14 CDSS projects and compared their technical and software development aspects.ResultsThe projects position themselves in various contexts of usage with various algorithmic approaches: expert systems, CDSSs based on similar patients' data visualization, and model‐based CDSSs implementing mathematical predictive models. So far, no project has completed its clinical development up to certification for clinical use with global release. Some CDSSs have been replaced at subsequent project iterations. The most advanced projects did not necessarily report every step of clinical development in a dedicated article (proof of concept, offline validation, refined prototype, live clinical evaluation, comparative prospective evaluation). They seek different software distribution options to integrate into health care: internal usage, “peer‐to‐peer,” and marketing distribution.ConclusionsThis review illustrates the potential of clinical applications of information technology and massive data to support MS management and helps clarify the roadmap for future projects as a multidisciplinary and multistep process.
Mobile digital gait analysis captures effects of botulinum toxin in hereditary spastic paraplegia
Authors: Ibrahim Alzhraa A. , Ollenschläger Malte , Klebe Stephan , Schüle Rebecca , Jeschonneck Nicole , Kellner Melanie , Loris Evelyn , Greinwalder Teresa , Eskofier Bjoern M. , Winkler Jürgen , Gaßner Heiko , Regensburger Martin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and purposeHereditary spastic paraplegias (HSPs) comprise a group of inherited neurodegenerative disorders characterized by progressive spasticity and weakness. Botulinum toxin has been approved for lower limb spasticity following stroke and cerebral palsy, but its effects in HSPs remain underexplored. We aimed to characterize the effects of botulinum toxin on clinical, gait, and patient‐reported outcomes in HSP patients and explore the potential of mobile digital gait analysis to monitor treatment effects and predict treatment response.MethodsWe conducted a prospective, observational, multicenter study involving ambulatory HSP patients treated with botulinum toxin tailored to individual goals. Comparing data at baseline, after 1 month, and after 3 months, treatment response was assessed using clinical parameters, goal attainment scaling, and mobile digital gait analysis. Machine learning algorithms were used for predicting individual goal attainment based on baseline parameters.ResultsA total of 56 patients were enrolled. Despite the heterogeneity of treatment goals and targeted muscles, botulinum toxin led to a significant improvement in specific clinical parameters and an improvement in specific gait characteristics, peaking at the 1‐month and declining by the 3‐month follow‐up. Significant correlations were identified between gait parameters and clinical scores. With a mean balanced accuracy of 66%, machine learning algorithms identified important denominators to predict treatment response.ConclusionsOur study provides evidence supporting the beneficial effects of botulinum toxin in HSP when applied according to individual treatment goals. The use of mobile digital gait analysis and machine learning represents a novel approach for monitoring treatment effects and predicting treatment response.
Cross‐species signaling pathways analysis inspire animal model selections for drug screening and target prediction in vascular aging diseases
Authors: Sun Fei , Chen Xingxing , Zhang Shuqing , Jiang Haihong , Chen Tianhong , Xing Tongying , Li Xueyi , Sultan Rabia , Wang Zhimin , Jia Jia 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAge is a significant contributing factor to the occurrence and progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Pharmacological treatment can effectively alleviate CVD symptoms caused by aging. However, 90% of the drugs have failed in clinics because of the loss of drug effects or the occurrence of the side effects. One of the reasons is the disparity between animal models used and the actual physiological levels in humans. Therefore, we integrated multiple datasets from single‐cell and bulk‐seq RNA‐sequencing data in rats, monkeys, and humans to identify genes and pathways with consistent/differential expression patterns across these three species. An approach called “Cross‐species signaling pathway analysis” was developed to select suitable animal models for drug screening. The effectiveness of this method was validated through the analysis of the pharmacological predictions of four known anti‐vascular aging drugs used in animal/clinical experiments. The effectiveness of drugs was consistently observed between the models and clinics when they targeted pathways with the same trend in our analysis. However, drugs might have exhibited adverse effects if they targeted pathways with opposite trends between the models and the clinics. Additionally, through our approach, we discovered four targets for anti‐vascular aging drugs, which were consistent with their pharmaceutical effects in literatures, showing the value of this approach. In the end, software was established to facilitate the use of “Cross‐species signaling pathway analysis.” In sum, our study suggests utilizing bioinformatics analysis based on disease characteristics can help in choosing more appropriate animal models.
A symbolic violence approach to gender inequality in academia
Authors: Owusu‐Kwarteng Afua , Forson Cynthia , Dada Olufunmilola (Lola) , Jack Sarah 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFeminist scholars have long recognized the gender‐based challenges that women in academia face relative to men. Although numerous strategies have been designed and implemented to tackle this problem, the attainment of gender equality in academia has proved futile globally. Integrating Acker's notion of the ideal worker with Bourdieu's concepts of symbolic violence and capital, we undertake a qualitative study of how women in African universities navigate the masculinized ideal academic norm, and how their efforts to break free from this symbolic image reproduces and legitimizes gender inequality. Drawing on the narratives of 36 women researchers in Ghana, Nigeria, Malawi, Kenya, Botswana, and Zambia, our analysis reveals how the perpetual struggle for power, positions, and resources in academia influences women researchers within these contexts to enact three strategies for legitimacy―(1) ‘Engage the patriarchal order,’ (2) ‘Contest normative femininity,’ and (3) ‘Appropriate normative femininity.’ In contributing to the ongoing efforts to achieve sustainable development goals 5 and 8, we develop a theoretical framework that illuminates the subtle and sophisticated mechanisms that (re)produce, sustain, and legitimize the gendered structures and cultures in academia that serve to disadvantage women. The implications of these findings for theory and practice are outlined.
Pediatric post‐dural puncture headache and paraplegia
Authors: Schievink Wouter I. , Maya Marcel M. , Taché Rachelle B. , Walker Corey T. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak developed in a 14‐year‐old girl and a 12‐year‐old boy following a diagnostic lumbar puncture. Two days and sixteen years later, respectively, paraplegia developed due to a functional disorder. Imaging revealed an extensive extradural CSF collection in both patients and digital subtraction myelography was required to pinpoint the exact site of a ventral dural puncture hole where the lumbar spinal needle had gone “through and through” the dural sac. The CSF leak was complicated by cortical vein thrombosis in one patient. Both patients underwent uneventful surgical repair of the ventral dural puncture hole with prompt resolution of the paraplegia. Iatrogenic ventral CSF leaks may become exceptionally long standing and may be complicated by paraplegia on a functional basis both in the acute and chronic phases.
Molecular classification of metastatic and recurrent endometrial endometrioid carcinoma: prognostic relevance among low‐ and high‐stage tumours
Authors: McHenry Austin , Devereaux Kelly , Ryan Emily , Chow Stephanie , Allard Grace , Ho Chandler C , Suarez Carlos J , Folkins Ann , Yang Eric , Longacre Teri A , Charu Vivek , Howitt Brooke E 
Published: June 2024

AimsMolecular classification according to The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) improves endometrial endometrioid carcinoma (EEC) prognostication and has specific treatment implications; however, original data were skewed towards low‐grade and low‐stage tumours. Herein, we molecularly classify EECs metastatic at the time of diagnosis or with subsequently documented recurrent/metastatic disease to examine correlation with clinical outcomes.MethodsTCGA categories include POLE‐mutated, microsatellite instability (MSI), p53 abnormal (p53 abnl) and no specific molecular profile (NSMP). POLE targeted sequencing at exons 9, 11, 13 and 14 and immunohistochemistry (IHC) for PMS2, MSH6 and p53 were performed to establish molecular classification.ResultsThe distribution in our cohort of 141 EECs was similar to that generally reported in EEC, with nine POLE‐mutated (6%), 45 MSI (32%), 16 p53 abnl (11%) and 71 NSMP (50%), with similar distributions between low‐ and high‐stage cohorts. We demonstrate that when stratified by molecular subtype, disease‐specific survival from the time of high‐stage (stages III–IV) presentation or time of recurrence in low‐stage (stages I–II) disease among metastatic and/or recurrent EEC is strongly associated with TCGA classification (high‐stage P = 0.02, low‐stage P = 0.017). Discordant molecular classification between primary and metastatic/recurrent tumours occurred in four of 105 (3.8%) patients, two related to PMS2/MSH6 IHC and two related to p53 IHC.ConclusionsWe demonstrate that molecular classification is prognostically relevant not only at the time of diagnosis, but also at the time of recurrence and in the metastatic setting. Rare subclonal alterations occur and suggest a role for confirming TCGA classification in recurrent/metastatic tumours.
Characterization of a Peruvian coastal fishery targeting the Pacific guitarfish Pseudobatos planiceps
Authors: Jimenez Astrid , Pingo Sergio , González‐Pestana Adriana , Alfaro‐Shigueto Joanna , Mangel Jeffrey C. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFrom December 2012 to June 2014, 796 Pacific guitarfish were caught in 183 fishing sets in northern Peru. Catch occurred in 86.3% of sets. Most individuals caught were mature with a bias toward males. The mean total length for females and males was 83.4 cm, and 91.1 cm, respectively. The capture per unit effort (CPUE) was 12.6 ± 3.4 guitarfish (km.12 h)−1. The length–weight relationships showed that this species presents a sexual dimorphism in growth. These results support the importance of Sechura Bay as a key area for this species. This study represents the first species‐specific fishery data for the Pacific guitarfish.
Information Aggregation with Asymmetric Asset Payoffs
Authors: ALBAGLI ELIAS , HELLWIG CHRISTIAN , TSYVINSKI ALEH 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTWe study noisy aggregation of dispersed information in financial markets without imposing parametric restrictions on preferences, information, and return distributions. We provide a general characterization of asset returns by means of a risk‐neutral probability measure that features excess weight on tail risks. Moreover, we link excess weight on tail risks to observable moments such as forecast dispersion and accuracy, and argue that it provides a unified explanation for several prominent cross‐sectional return anomalies. Simple calibrations suggest the model can account for a significant fraction of empirical returns to skewness, returns to disagreement, and interaction effects between the two.
Biological variation in cervical spinal cord MRI morphometry in healthy individuals and people with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Cook Sarah R. , Vasamreddy Kritin , Combes Anna , Vandekar Simon , Visagie Mereze , Houston Delaney , Wald Lily , Kumar Ashwin , McGrath Megan , McKnight Colin D. , Bagnato Francesca , Smith Seth A. , O'Grady Kristin P. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and PurposeConclusions from prior literature regarding the impact of sex, age, and height on spinal cord (SC) MRI morphometrics are conflicting, while the effect of body weight on SC morphometrics has been found to be nonsignificant. The purpose of this case‐control study is to assess the associations between cervical SC MRI morphometric parameters and age, sex, height, and weight to establish their potential role as confounding variables in a clinical study of people with multiple sclerosis (MS) compared to a cohort of healthy volunteers.MethodsSixty‐nine healthy volunteers and 31 people with MS underwent cervical SC MRI at 3 Tesla field strength. Images were centered at the C3/C4 intervertebral disc and processed using Spinal Cord Toolbox v.4.0.2. Mixed‐effects linear regression models were used to evaluate the effects of biological variables and disease status on morphometric parameters.ResultsSex, age, and height had significant effects on cord and gray matter (GM) cross‐sectional area (CSA) as well as the GM:cord CSA ratio. There were no significant effects of body weight on morphometric parameters. The effect of MS disease duration on cord CSA in the C4 level was significant when controlling for all other variables.ConclusionsStudies of disease‐related changes in SC morphometry should control for sex, age, and height to account for physiological variation.
In vitro analysis of monomer leaching in modern dental materials: CAD milled, printed, traditional heat‐processed, and auto‐polymerizing denture base resins
Authors: Smidt Greta , Gao Shang , Iyer Divya , Srivastava Samanvaya , Shah Kumar C. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPurposeDenture fabrication has shifted from traditional heat‐processed and auto‐polymerizing materials to computer‐aided design and computer‐aided manufacturing (CAD‐CAM) milled and printed materials. The monomer in traditional materials can induce an allergic reaction in some patients. With the rise in the edentulous population and increasing demand for the fabrication of dentures, these newer materials should be studied for monomer leaching. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ratio of residual monomer in materials being used for denture bases: CAD‐milled polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), printed denture base resin, heat‐processed PMMA, and auto‐polymerizing PMMA comparatively.Materials and MethodsMilled, printed, heat‐activated, and auto‐polymerizing denture base specimens (n = 3 for each group, each test run three times) were fabricated according to manufacturer recommendations. Specimens were first immersed in deuterated chloroform (CDCl3), a deuterated organic solvent, to evaluate monomer leaching and to observe physical properties of the materials. NMR spectroscopy was used to evaluate the dissolution of materials and residual monomer to crosslinked polymer ratios at 1, 4, and 9 days. A second group of specimens was then immersed in deuterium oxide (D2O) to evaluate if the residual monomers would leach out of the system. The solution was then analyzed using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy for 1 month. The deuterated forms of chloroform (CDCl3) and water (D2O) were used to enable sample characterization by NMR.ResultsWhile the heat‐processed, auto‐polymerizing, and milled specimens possessed residual monomers, no significant monomer leaching was noted in the printed specimen, while immersed in CDCl3. Similarly, the printed specimen was most resistant to dissolution, as compared to the rest; dissolution of the specimen is indicative of little to no cross‐linking. No detectable dissolution of monomer was seen when all specimens were immersed in D2O for up to 1 month.ConclusionsResidual monomers were not found in the printed denture material in this study in either CDCl3 or D2O, whereas CAD‐milled and traditionally processed denture bases still have residual monomers within their respective systems when immersed in organic solvent. None of the specimens tested leached monomers into D2O.
Neuronal Mechanisms Underlying Face Recognition in Non‐human Primates
Authors: Amita Hidetoshi , Koyano Kenji W. , Kunimatsu Jun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHumans and primates rely on visual face recognition for social interactions. Damage to specific brain areas causes prosopagnosia, a condition characterized by the inability to recognize familiar faces, indicating the presence of specialized brain areas for facial‐recognition processing. A breakthrough finding came from a non‐human primate (NHP) study conducted in the early 2000s; it was the first to identify multiple face‐processing areas in the temporal lobe, termed “face patches.” Subsequent studies have demonstrated the unique role of each face patch in the structural analysis of faces. More recent studies have expanded these findings by exploring the role of face‐patch networks in social and memory functions and the importance of early face exposure in the development of the system. In this review, we discuss the neuronal mechanisms responsible for analyzing facial features, categorizing faces, and associating faces with memory and social contexts within both the cerebral cortex and subcortical areas. Use of NHPs in neuropsychological and neurophysiological studies can highlight the mechanistic aspects of the neuronal circuit underlying face recognition at both the single‐neuron and whole‐brain network levels.