bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of monopolar pulsed-capacitive dielectric radiofrequency diathermy in patients with chronic low back pain: a randomised clinical trial
Authors: Lara-Palomo Inmaculada Carmen , Capel-Alcaraz Ana María , García-López Héctor , Castro-Sánchez Adelaida María , Albornoz-Cabello Manuel 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMonopolar capacitive diathermy is a physiotherapy technique that uses high-frequency currents to generate heat in deep tissues. This heat can have several therapeutic effects, especially in the treatment of chronic low back pain (CLBP), however, until now there is little evidence of this type of diathermy. The purpose was to evaluate the efficacy of a pulsed monopolar dielectric radiofrequency diathermy (PRF)-capacitive type versus simulated treatment on symptomatology of patients with CLBP. A single-blind randomised controlled trial was conducted. Sixty patients with CLBP were randomly assigned to a PRF-capacitive or a simulated treatment group. All participants received 3 sessions per week for 3 weeks. Disability, pain intensity, movement phobia, lumbar anteflexion, quality of life, and sleep quality were assessed at baseline, after treatment, and at two months. The application of 9 sessions of PRF-capacitive showed significant improvements compared to simulated therapy during the entire follow-up for disability (F = 26.99, p < 0.001), pain intensity (F = 0.550, p < 0.001), the quality of life components of physical function (F = 0.780, p < 0.001), social function (F = 0.780, p < 0.001) and mental health (F = 0.858, p = 0.003) and for sleep duration (F = 0.863, p = 0.004).
Detecting sorghum aphid infestation in grain sorghum using leaf spectral response
Authors: Craigie Grace , Hefley Trevor , Grijalva Ivan , Ciampitti Ignacio A. , Goodin Douglas G. , McCornack Brian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSorghum aphid, Melanaphis sorghi (Theobald) have become a major economic pest in sorghum causing 70% yield loss without timely insecticide applications. The overarching goal is to develop a monitoring system for sorghum aphids using remote sensing technologies to detect changes in plant-aphid density interactions, thereby reducing scouting time. We studied the effect of aphid density on sorghum spectral responses near the feeding site and on distal leaves from infestation and quantified potential systemic effects to determine if aphid feeding can be detected. A leaf spectrometer at 400–1000 nm range was used to measure reflectance changes by varying levels of sorghum aphid density on lower leaves and those distant to the caged infestation. Our study results demonstrate that sorghum aphid infestation can be determined by changes in reflected light, especially between the green–red range (550–650 nm), and sorghum plants respond systemically. This study serves as an essential first step in developing more effective pest monitoring systems for sorghum aphids, as leaf reflection sensors can be used to identify aphid feeding regardless of infestation location on the plant. Future research should address whether such reflectance signatures can be detected autonomously using small unmanned aircraft systems or sUAS equipped with comparable sensor technologies.
Origin and diversity of the wild cottons (Gossypium hirsutum) of Mound Key, Florida
Authors: Ning Weixuan , Rogers Karen M. , Hsu Chuan-Yu , Magbanua Zenaida V. , Pechanova Olga , Arick Mark A. , Kayal Ehsan , Hu Guanjing , Peterson Daniel G. , Udall Joshua A. , Grover Corrinne E. , Wendel Jonathan F. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractElucidating genetic diversity within wild forms of modern crops is essential for understanding domestication and the possibilities of wild germplasm utilization.Gossypium hirsutumis a predominant source of natural plant fibers and the most widely cultivated cotton species. Wild forms ofG. hirsutumare challenging to distinguish from feral derivatives, and truly wild populations are uncommon. Here we characterize a population from Mound Key Archaeological State Park, Florida using genome-wide SNPs extracted from 25 individuals over three sites. Our results reveal that this population is genetically dissimilar from other known wild, landrace, and domesticated cottons, and likely represents a pocket of previously unrecognized wild genetic diversity. The unexpected level of divergence between the Mound Key population and other wild cotton populations suggests that the species may harbor other remnant and genetically distinct populations that are geographically scattered in suitable habitats throughout the Caribbean. Our work thus has broader conservation genetic implications and suggests that further exploration of natural diversity in this species is warranted.
Association of mitochondrial phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase with prognosis and immune regulation in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Li Chenxuan , Zhang En-di , Ye Youzhi , Xiao Zhongyun , Huang Hanfei , Zeng Zhong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMitochondrial phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PCK2), a mitochondrial isoenzyme, supports the growth of cancer cells under glucose deficiency conditions in vitro. This study investigated the role and potential mechanism of PCK2 in the occurrence and development of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and other databases distinguish the expression of PCK2 and verified by qRT-PCR and Western blotting. Kaplan–Meier was conducted to assess PCK2 survival in HCC. The potential biological function of PCK2 was verified by enrichment analysis and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). The correlation between PCK2 expression and immune invasion and checkpoint was found by utilizing Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER). Lastly, the effects of PCK2 on the proliferation and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells were evaluated by cell tests, and the expressions of Epithelial mesenchymal transformation (EMT) and apoptosis related proteins were detected. PCK2 is down-regulated in HCC, indicating a poor prognosis. PCK2 gene mutation accounted for 1.3% of HCC. Functional enrichment analysis indicated the potential of PCK2 as a metabolism-related therapeutic target. Subsequently, we identified several signaling pathways related to the biological function of PCK2. The involvement of PCK2 in immune regulation was verified and key immune checkpoints were predicted. Ultimately, after PCK2 knockdown, cell proliferation and migration were significantly increased, and N-cadherin and vimentin expression were increased. PCK2 has been implicated in immune regulation, proliferation, and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma, and is emerging as a novel predictive biomarker and metabolic-related clinical target.
High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Taiwanese patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Yang Chen-Ta , Yen Hsu-Heng , Su Pei-Yuan , Chen Yang-Yuan , Huang Siou-Ping 
Published: June 2024

AbstractVitamin D deficiency is common in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of vitamin D deficiency in a Taiwanese IBD cohort. Vitamin D levels were checked in adult patients with IBD who were treated at Changhua Christian Hospital, a medical center in central Taiwan, from January 2017 to December 2023. The risk factors for vitamin D deficiency were evaluated. 106 adult IBD patients were included, including 20 patients with Crohn’s disease and 86 with ulcerative colitis. The median age at diagnosis was 39.2 years. The mean vitamin D level was 22.2 ± 8 ng/mL. Forty-five patients (42.5%) had vitamin D deficiency (vitamin D level < 20 ng/mL). Comparing patients with normal vitamin D levels and those with vitamin D deficiency after multivariate adjustment, female sex and early age at diagnosis were identified as statistically significant risk factors. We found a prevalence of 42.5% of vitamin D deficiency in the Taiwanese IBD population. Understanding this issue is essential for teaching patients and doctors about vitamin D deficiency screening and improving patient outcomes.
Sedentary behaviour may cause differences in physical outcomes and activities of daily living in older cardiovascular disease patients participating in phase I cardiac rehabilitation
Authors: Izawa Kazuhiro P. , Ishihara Kodai , Kanejima Yuji , Kitamura Masahiro , Ogura Asami , Kubo Ikko , Oka Koichiro , Brubaker Peter H. , Nagashima Hitomi , Tawa Hideto , Matsumoto Daisuke , Shimizu Ikki 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the rate of sedentary behaviour and differences in physical outcomes and activities of daily living (ADL) based on sedentary behaviour time of hospitalized older cardiovascular disease patients undergoing phase I cardiac rehabilitation. Older cardiovascular disease patients were enrolled from October 2020 to September 2023 and were divided into the high sedentary behaviour group (≥ 480 min/day) and low sedentary behaviour group (< 480 min/day). Patients’ clinical characteristics, usual gait speed, and Five Times Sit to Stand Test time were compared as indices of physical outcomes. Motor, cognitive, and total Functional Independence Measure (FIM) scores were used as indices of ADL and compared between groups using analysis of covariance. Final analysis included 402 patients (mean age: 76.7 years, female: 35.3%). The high sedentary behaviour group included 48.5% of the study patients. After adjustment for baseline characteristics, gait speed (0.80 ± 0.27 vs. 0.96 ± 0.23 m/s, p < 0.001) was lower and FTSST time (11.31 ± 4.19 vs. 9.39 ± 3.11 s, p < 0.001) was higher in the high sedentary behaviour group versus low sedentary behaviour group. Motor (85.82 ± 8.82 vs. 88.09 ± 5.04 points, p < 0.001), cognitive (33.32 ± 2.93 vs. 34.04 ± 2.24 points, p < 0.001), and total FIM scores (119.13 ± 10.66 vs. 122.02 ± 6.30 points, p < 0.001) were significantly lower in the high sedentary behaviour group versus low sedentary behaviour group after adjustment. In older cardiovascular disease patients in phase I cardiac rehabilitation, sedentary behaviour time might influence physical outcomes and ADL at discharge. It is thus important to consider the amount of sedentary behaviour time spent by these patients during daily life while hospitalized.
Expression characteristics of lipid metabolism-related genes and correlative immune infiltration landscape in acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Wu Jiahe , Luo Jingyi , Cai Huanhuan , Zhu Haoyan , Lei Zhe , Lu Yi , Gao Xinchen , Ni Lihua , Lu Zhibing , Hu Xiaorong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLipid metabolism is an important part of the heart's energy supply. The expression pattern and molecular mechanism of lipid metabolism-related genes (LMRGs) in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are still unclear, and the link between lipid metabolism and immunity is far from being elucidated. In this study, 23 Common differentially expressed LMRGs were discovered in the AMI-related mRNA microarray datasets GSE61144 and GSE60993. These genes were mainly related to “leukotriene production involved in inflammatory response”, “lipoxygenase pathway”, “metabolic pathways”, and “regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes” pathways. 12 LMRGs (ACSL1, ADCY4, ALOX5, ALOX5AP, CCL5, CEBPB, CEBPD, CREB5, GAB2, PISD, RARRES3, and ZNF467) were significantly differentially expressed in the validation dataset GSE62646 with their AUC > 0.7 except for ALOX5AP (AUC = 0.699). Immune infiltration analysis and Pearson correlation analysis explored the immune characteristics of AMI, as well as the relationship between these identified LMRGs and immune response. Lastly, the up-regulation of ACSL1, ALOX5AP, CEBPB, and GAB2 was confirmed in the mouse AMI model. Taken together, LMRGs ACSL1, ALOX5AP, CEBPB, and GAB2 are significantly upregulated in AMI patients' blood, peripheral blood of AMI mice, myocardial tissue of AMI mice, and therefore might be new potential biomarkers for AMI.
Subpopulations of fibroblasts derived from human iPS cells
Authors: Kobayashi Takashi , Yamashita Akihiro , Tsumaki Noriyuki , Watanabe Hideto 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOrgan fibrosis causes collagen fiber overgrowth and impairs organ function. Cardiac fibrosis after myocardial infarction impairs cardiac function significantly, pulmonary fibrosis reduces gas exchange efficiency, and liver fibrosis disturbs the natural function of the liver. Its development is associated with the differentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts and increased collagen synthesis. Fibrosis has organ specificity, defined by the heterogeneity of fibroblasts. Although this heterogeneity is established during embryonic development, it has not been defined yet. Fibroblastic differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) recapitulates the process by which fibroblasts acquire diversity. Here, we differentiated iPSCs into cardiac, hepatic, and dermal fibroblasts and analyzed their properties using single-cell RNA sequencing. We observed characteristic subpopulations with different ratios in each organ-type fibroblast group, which contained both resting and distinct ACTA2+ myofibroblasts. These findings provide crucial information on the ontogeny-based heterogeneity of fibroblasts, leading to the development of therapeutic strategies to control fibrosis.
Sepsis endotypes identified by host gene expression across global cohorts
Authors: Chenoweth Josh G. , Brandsma Joost , Striegel Deborah A. , Genzor Pavol , Chiyka Elizabeth , Blair Paul W. , Krishnan Subramaniam , Dogbe Elliot , Boakye Isaac , Fogel Gary B. , Tsalik Ephraim L. , Woods Christopher W. , Owusu-Ofori Alex , Oppong Chris , Oduro George , Vantha Te , Letizia Andrew G. , Beckett Charmagne G. , Schully Kevin L. , Clark Danielle V. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Sepsis from infection is a global health priority and clinical trials have failed to deliver effective therapeutic interventions. To address complicating heterogeneity in sepsis pathobiology, and improve outcomes, promising precision medicine approaches are helping identify disease endotypes, however, they require a more complete definition of sepsis subgroups.

Methods
Here, we use RNA sequencing from peripheral blood to interrogate the host response to sepsis from participants in a global observational study carried out in West Africa, Southeast Asia, and North America (N = 494).

Results
We identify four sepsis subtypes differentiated by 28-day mortality. A low mortality immunocompetent group is specified by features that describe the adaptive immune system. In contrast, the three high mortality groups show elevated clinical severity consistent with multiple organ dysfunction. The immunosuppressed group members show signs of a dysfunctional immune response, the acute-inflammation group is set apart by molecular features of the innate immune response, while the immunometabolic group is characterized by metabolic pathways such as heme biosynthesis.

Conclusions
Our analysis reveals details of molecular endotypes in sepsis that support immunotherapeutic interventions and identifies biomarkers that predict outcomes in these groups.
Computerized Rotational Head Impulse Test: Age-Dependent Normative Data
Authors: du Plessis Mangelique , Heinze Barbara , Reddy Tarryn M. , Kiderman Alexander , González Jorge E. 
Published: June 2024

Purpose:
The objective of this study was to determine the normative vestibulo-ocular reflex gain output values of the computerized rotational head impulse test (crHIT) with stationary visual targets (earth bound) in healthy participants in each decade age band of life: 10–19, 20–29, 30–39, 40–49, 50–59, 60–69, and 70+ years.

Method:
Seventy-seven community-dwelling participants (10–85 years of age) with normal lateral semicircular canal (SCC) functioning and no symptoms or history of vestibular dysfunction were recruited through convenience sampling and assessed with the crHIT using stationary targets. These participants were assessed using two standard protocols in a randomized order.

Results:

Results from 77 participants (
M
age
= 46 years; 43 women, 34 men) were analyzed. Pearson's correlation coefficient and simple linear regression indicated a statistically significant relationship between crHIT gain output and age (
p
> .05) for right gain, 1030°/s
2
, and left gain, 1005°/s
2
. Although a statistically significant relationship was found, the slope was minor, demonstrating that the clinical effect of age on crHIT gain output was insignificant. Furthermore, no statistically significant relationship exists between crHIT gain output and gender (
p
> .05). Age-dependent normative data were calculated using the 2.5th and 97.5th confidence interval (CI) percentile method. The responses of angular vestibulo-ocular reflex (aVOR) gain values for crHIT are expected to occur within the range for lower limit reference interval (RI) of 0.85–0.9 and upper limit RI of 1.11–1.18 for 1030°/s
2
and lower limit RI of 0.86–0.92 and upper limit RI of 1.13–1.16 for 1005°/s
2
. It can be expected that 90% CI of the population with normal lateral SCC functioning will have aVOR gain values that fall within this range.

Conclusion:
Despite a statistically significant relationship that exists with aVOR gain output and age, the changes are minor, declining by 0.0088 units per 10 years, justifying the same normative data for all decade age bands.
Social Communication Delay in an Unbiased Sample of Preschoolers With the
FMR1
Premutation
Authors: Klusek Jessica , Will Elizabeth , Christensen Thomas , Caravella Kelly , Hogan Abigail , Sun Jennifer , Smith Jenna , Fairchild Amanda J. , Roberts Jane E. 
Published: June 2024

Purpose:

The
Fragile X Messenger Ribonucleoprotein-1
(
FMR1
) premutation (FXpm) is a genetic variant that is common in the general population and is associated with health symptoms and disease in adulthood. However, poor understanding of the clinical phenotype during childhood has hindered the development of clinical practice guidelines for screening and intervention. Given that social communication difficulties have been widely documented in adults with the FXpm and are linked with reduced psychosocial functioning, the present study aimed to characterize the communication profile of the FXpm during early childhood.

Method:
Eighteen children with the FXpm who were identified through cascade testing (89%) or screening at birth (11%) were compared to 21 matched typically developing children, aged 2–4 years. Participants completed standardized assessments of language (Mullen Scales of Early Learning) and adaptive communication (Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales-II). Social communication was rated from seminaturalistic interaction samples using the Brief Observation of Social Communication Change.

Results:

Children with the FXpm showed delayed social communication development, with the magnitude of group differences highlighting social communication as a feature that distinguishes children with the FXpm from their peers (
p =
.046, η
p
2
= .12). The groups did not differ on the standardized language and adaptive communication measures (
p
s > .297, η
p
2
s < .03).

Conclusions:

Early screening and treatment of social communication delays may be key to optimizing outcomes for children with the FXpm. Further research is needed to replicate findings in a larger sample, delineate the trajectory and consequences of social communication difficulties across the life span in the FXpm, and determine the potential epidemiological significance of
FMR1
as a mediator of developmental communication differences within the general population.
Caregiver Predictions of Their 3- to 6-Year-Old Child Who Stutters' Communication Attitude
Authors: Winters Katie L. , Byrd Courtney T. 
Published: June 2024

Purpose:
Caregivers share critical insight during their child's stuttering evaluation; yet, there have been no empirical studies evaluating whether caregivers provide similar accounts of their 3- to 6-year-old child's communication attitude compared to their child's self-report. This study examined caregiver- and child-reported communication attitude and assessed potential moderators of more comparable caregiver and child ratings (i.e., caregiver confidence, caregiver–child conflict, observer-rated stuttering severity).

Method:
One hundred thirteen children who stutter ages 3 through 6 years and a primary caregiver were recruited from clinical settings across the United States. Children completed the Communication Attitude Test for Preschool and Kindergarten Children Who Stutter (KiddyCAT) and three speaking samples, which were recorded to assess observer-rated stuttering severity using the Stuttering Severity Instrument–Fourth Edition. Caregivers predicted their child's communication attitude (C-KiddyCAT) and provided a confidence rating for their prediction. Caregivers also rated caregiver–child conflict using the Child–Parent Relationship Scale–Short Form (CPRS-SF). Multiple regression was used to (a) evaluate whether caregiver C-KiddyCAT scores predicted child KiddyCAT scores and (b) assess potential moderators of the relationship between C-KiddyCAT and KiddyCAT scores.

Results:
Caregiver ratings of their child's communication attitude (C-KiddyCAT) predicted child communication attitude ratings (KiddyCAT). A significant interaction between caregiver–child conflict (CPRS-SF) and caregiver ratings of their child's communication attitude (C-KiddyCAT) suggested caregiver–child conflict changed the underlying relationship between C-KiddyCAT and KiddyCAT scores, such that low conflict resulted in more similar C-KiddyCAT and KiddyCAT scores. Neither caregiver confidence nor observer-rated stuttering severity influenced the relationship between C-KiddyCAT and KiddyCAT scores.

Conclusions:
Although many caregivers predicted communication attitude ratings that closely aligned with their child's report, some caregiver–child dyads provided divergent ratings. Clinicians should interpret caregiver predictions of their child's communication attitude within the context of their full evaluation and the caregiver–child relationship. Assessing both self-reported communication attitude and caregiver predictions of their child's communication attitude provides a meaningful starting point to counseling caregivers about cognitive components of stuttering for preschool- and kindergarten-age children who stutter.
Caregiver Progress in Early Intervention: A Collaborative Approach to Goal Writing and Data Collection
Authors: Harrington Emily K. 
Published: June 2024

Purpose:
Effective early intervention (EI) services hinge on a partnership between speech-language pathologists (SLPs) and caregivers. Caregivers play a pivotal role in this partnership, as they must learn language facilitation strategies from SLPs and then implement these strategies with their children. Unfortunately, caregiver progress has often been overlooked, in both research and practice. The purpose of this clinical focus article is to underscore the importance of monitoring caregiver progress in EI and highlight practical data collection methods to do so.

Method:
This clinical focus article reviews the value of collecting caregiver data at baseline, during EI sessions, and over the course of a caregiver-implemented intervention. A fictional clinical scenario is used to illustrate how these methods can be applied. In this scenario, an EI SLP works with a caregiver to set goals, teaches the caregiver language facilitation strategies using the See and Say Sequence, and measures progress using various types of caregiver data.

Conclusions:
Collecting caregiver data can be a feasible and useful practice in EI. Caregiver data can guide SLPs in setting caregiver and child goals, in promoting caregiver practice during EI sessions, and in monitoring progress over time. Furthermore, it has the potential to increase caregiver engagement and build caregiver confidence in the EI process.